bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor mobility and lower limb weakness are associated with three distinct depressive symptom trajectories over 6 years in older people
Authors: Chan Lloyd L. Y. , Delbaere Kim , Numbers Katya , Lam Ben , Menant Jasmine , Sturnieks Daina L. , Trollor Julian N. , Brodie Matthew A. , Lord Stephen R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesPhysical decline can be associated with the onset of depressive symptoms in later life. This study aimed to identify physical and lifestyle risk factors for depressive symptom trajectories in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsParticipants were 553 people aged 70–90 years who underwent baseline physical, psychological and lifestyle assessments. Group‐based trajectory analysis was used to identify patterns of depressive symptom development over 6 years of follow‐up. Strengths of associations between baseline functional test performances and depressive symptom trajectories were evaluated with univariable ordinal models. Subsequently, the adjusted cumulative odds ratio for the association between identified risk factors, demographic factors and baseline anti‐depressant use were measured using multivariable ordinal logistic regression.ResultsThree distinct depressive symptom trajectories were identified: a low‐and‐stable course (10% of participants), a low‐and‐increasing course (81%) and a moderate‐and‐increasing course (9%). Timed Up and Go test time was the strongest risk factor of depressive symptom trajectory, followed by Five Times Sit‐to‐Stand test performance, planned physical activity levels, and knee extension strength (adjusted standardised ORs 1.65, 95% CI 1.34–2.04; 1.44, 95% CI 1.16–1.77; 1.44, 95% CI 1.17–1.76 and 1.41, 95% CI 1.15–1.73 respectively). After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and baseline anti‐depressant use, Timed Up and Go test performance and knee extension strength were independently and significantly associated with depressive trajectories.ConclusionsTimed Up and Go test times, Five Times Sit‐to‐Stand test performance, planned physical activity levels and knee extension strength are associated with three discrete depressive symptom trajectories. These clinical tests may help identify older adults aged 70–90 years at risk of developing depressive symptoms and help guide subsequent strength and mobility interventions.
Cancer during pregnancy: Twenty‐two years of experience from a tertiary referral center
Authors: Milosevic Branislav , Likic Ladjevic Ivana , Dotlic Jelena , Beleslin Aleksandra , Mihaljevic Olga , Pilic Igor , Kesic Vesna , Gojnic Miroslava , Stefanovic Aleksandar , Stefanovic Katarina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionCancer complicating pregnancy is a rare but potentially life‐threatening condition for both the mother and her child. The aim of the present study was to assess the outcomes for mothers and children after pregnancy complicated by malignancy and to investigate which parameters are important for their 1‐year survival.Material and methodsThe study included 84 pregnant women diagnosed with malignant tumors during pregnancy from 2001 to 2022. The pregnancy course and outcome, as well as parameters that could influence the survival and condition of the mother and child were evaluated. Mothers and children were followed up for 1 year after delivery to assess their condition/complications and overall survival.ResultsMost malignancies were gynecological (31%) or hematological (23.8%) and were diagnosed and surgically treated in the second trimester. Most children (69%) showed adequate growth and development throughout pregnancy but were delivered before term (53.6%) to allow mothers to receive therapy. Adjuvant therapy during pregnancy mostly caused a transitory deterioration of the child's condition, while surgery did not significantly impact the pregnancy course. Deliveries, on average, occurred during the 33.01 ± 6.16 gestational week (range: 20–40) and mostly by cesarean section (76.2%). For mothers, the pregnancy survival rate was 95.2% and survival after 1 year was 87.5%. However, 37.5% of women were still ill and required additional therapy 1 year postpartum. The pregnancy survival rate for children was 94%, whereas the 1‐year survival rate was 76.2%. Most children had a favorable condition (alive, adequately growing and developing, and without complications) at birth (81%) as well as at the 1‐year follow‐up (63.7%). Regression analysis identified the following predictors of favorable 1‐year maternal condition: applying therapy during pregnancy, no progression of the malignancy during pregnancy, and delivery at a later gestational week. Predictors of favorable 1‐year condition of children were lower histopathological grade of malignancy, surgery as therapy for malignancy, obtaining higher birthweight, and delivery by cesarean section.ConclusionsIf the malignancy is not progressing, pregnancy should be continued as long as possible for the child to obtain adequate birthweight. Both surgery and chemotherapy were safe therapeutic choices, as most pregnancies continued successfully after therapy.
Unplanned cesarean sections in advanced maternal age: A predictive model
Authors: Veenstra Joyce , Cohen Zoë , Korteweg Fleurisca J. , van der Ham David P. , Kuppens Simone M. , Kroese Janna A. , Hermsen Brenda B. , Kamphuis Marije M. , Vanhommerig Joost W. , van Pampus Maria G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAs maternal age during pregnancy is rising all over the world, there is a growing need for prognostic factors that determine maternal and perinatal outcomes in older women.Material and methodsThis study is a retrospective cohort study of women aged 40 years or older at the time of delivery in four Santeon hospitals across the Netherlands between January 2016 and December 2019. Outcomes were compared between women of 40–44 years (advanced maternal age) and 45 years and older (very advanced maternal age). Primary outcome was unplanned cesarean section, secondary outcomes included postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal outcomes. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyze predictive factors for unplanned cesarean sections in women who attempted vaginal delivery. Subsequently, a predictive model and risk scores were constructed to predict unplanned cesarean section.ResultsA cohort of 1660 women was analyzed; mean maternal age was 41.4 years, 4.8% of the women were 45 years and older. In both groups, more than half of the women had not delivered vaginally before. Unplanned cesarean sections were performed in 21.1% of the deliveries in advanced maternal age and in 29.1% in very advanced maternal age. Four predictive factors were significantly correlated with unplanned cesarean sections: higher body mass index (BMI), no previous vaginal delivery, spontaneous start of delivery and number of days needed for cervical priming. A predictive model was constructed from these factors with an area under the curve of 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.72–0.78). A sensitivity analysis in nulliparous women proved that BMI, days of cervical priming, age, and gestational age were risk factors, whereas spontaneous start of delivery and induction were protective factors. There was one occurrence of neonatal death.ConclusionsWomen of advanced maternal age and those of very advanced maternal age have a higher chance of having an unplanned cesarean section compared to the general obstetric population in the Netherlands. Unplanned cesarean sections can be predicted through use of our predictive model. Risk increases with higher BMI, no previous vaginal delivery, and increasing number of days needed for cervical priming, whereas spontaneous start of labor lowers the risk. In nulliparous women, age and gestational age also increase risk, but induction lowers the risk of having an unplanned cesarean section.
Higher pre‐pregnancy body mass index was associated with adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome after a freeze‐all strategy: A historical cohort study
Authors: Hu Xinyao , Yan Enqi , Peng Wenju , Zhou Yueping , Jin Lei , Qian Kun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrevious studies have demonstrated that abnormal body mass index (BMI) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles. However, the relationship between BMI and pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains unclear. Furthermore, whether a diagnosis of PCOS could result in adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women with different BMIs remains unknown.Material and methodsA historical cohort study included 1667 women with PCOS and 12 256 women without PCOS after a freeze‐all policy between January 2016 and December 2020. The outcomes encompassed both pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline models were performed to eliminate confounding factors when investigating the relationship between BMI and different outcomes.ResultsAfter controlling for covariates, pregnancy outcomes were comparable between underweight women with PCOS and normal weight women with PCOS. However, overweight patients had a lower clinical pregnancy rate and an overall live birth rate. Furthermore, patients with obesity had a lower rate of multiple pregnancies but a higher rate of biochemical pregnancy than in the normal BMI group. Additionally, the restricted cubic spline models showed that as maternal BMI increased to 32 kg/m2, the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate after blastocyst transfer decreased, but the risks of preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, large‐for‐gestational age (LGA) and very LGA increased in patients with PCOS after a freeze‐all strategy. Moreover, a diagnosis of PCOS resulted in a higher clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate and a higher risk of small‐for‐gestational age in the normal weight group. However, women with PCOS in the overweight group exhibited higher risks of very preterm birth and gestational diabetes mellitus compared with women without PCOS.ConclusionsThis study showed that a higher BMI had a detrimental impact on the pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of PCOS patients undergoing a freeze‐all strategy. However, it was only statistically significant in the overweight group. A diagnosis of PCOS had a higher clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in normal weight women but higher risks of perinatal complications in normal weight and overweight women.
Outcome of combined cataract surgery and iris prosthesis implantation in iris melanoma patients previously treated with iridocyclectomy: A national retrospective non‐comparative case series
Authors: Nissen Kristoffer , Skibsted Simon Persson , Bagger Mette Marie , Ejstrup Rasmus , Faber Carsten , Riise Per , Heegaard Steffen , Kiilgaard Jens Folke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeTo examine complications, visual outcomes, photic patient‐reported symptoms, corneal morphology, IOL tilt, and intraocular pressure after implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) and iris prosthesis (IP) following iridocyclectomy.MethodsPatients with previous iridocyclectomy treated with an IOL and IP at the Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet between 2007 and 2018 were included in this national retrospective non‐comparative case series. The assessment encompassed BCVA, PRO questionnaire, corneal topography, and anterior segment OCT.Results45 patients were included. Eight of 45 patients were previously treated with ruthenium‐106 brachytherapy in conjunction with iridocyclectomy. Six of 45 patients developed endothelial dysfunction four of whom had received ruthenium‐106 brachytherapy. Five of 45 patients had subluxation of the IOL/IP complex due to incomplete zonula apparatus. BCVA improved for all patients after lens surgery. 26 patients participated in the invited follow‐up examination. 19 of 26 (73%) reported none or mild photic symptoms after IP instalment. Five (19%) reported ongoing severe photic symptoms. The corneal astigmatism significantly increased after iridocyclectomy but did not change after lens surgery.ConclusionsImplantation of an IOL and IP is a safe procedure, alleviating photic symptoms in most patients. It comes with higher risk of complications due to a more demanding procedure and larger surgical traumas from previous treatments. Ruthenium‐106 brachytherapy increases the complication risk. Corneal astigmatism is induced by iridocyclectomy but does not change after lens surgery.
The roles of stress mindset and personality in the impact of life stress on emotional well‐being in the context of Covid‐19 confinement: A diary study
Authors: Zeng Weilong , Ma Shaozhuang , Xu Yiqing , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that COVID‐19 confinement has led to an increase in psychological distress and a decrease in overall well‐being. This longitudinal study aims to investigate how stress mindset and personality traits moderate the impact of life stress on the development of emotional well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic confinement. Our study collected daily life stress and emotions data from 134 participants over 14 consecutive days using the diary method. We used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to analyze the data, examining within‐person and between‐person effects. Life stress predicted moderate increases in positive emotions and strong increases in negative emotions over time. A stress‐is‐enhancing stress mindset was associated with greater positive emotions at baseline and mitigated the link between life stress and negative emotions. Among the Big Five personality traits, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with higher baseline levels of positive emotions. Agreeableness and conscientiousness mitigated the link between life stress and negative emotions. Neuroticism was associated with higher baseline levels of negative emotions and moderately mitigated the link between life stress and positive emotions. The interaction between neuroticism and stress‐is‐enhancing mindset predicted greater negative emotions and mitigated the link between life stress and positive emotions. In contrast, the interaction between stress‐is‐enhancing mindset and the other four personality traits mitigated the positive link between life stress and negative emotions. Overall, these findings suggest that life stress from confinement leads to a decrease in daily emotional well‐being as the confinement prolongs. Personality traits—agreeableness, conscientiousness, and a stress‐is‐enhancing stress mindset—act as protective roles in mitigating life stress' effect on reduced emotional well‐being over time. The findings advance our knowledge in understanding the roles of personality traits and stress‐is‐enhancing mindset in explaining the heterogeneity in the impact of life stress on emotional well‐being.
The production of ‘From Our Own Correspondent’ on BBC Radio 4: A popular geopolitical analysis
Authors: Watson Alice 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe production of radio, a medium with the power to shape listeners' geographical imaginations, has received little attention in geography, particularly in comparison to visual media such as photography, television and film. This paper redresses this imbalance by examining the production of From Our Own Correspondent (FOOC), one of BBC Radio 4's longest‐running programmes which has broadcast dispatches from journalists around the world since 1955. It explores the representational power of FOOC to script the world for listeners by constructing geographical imaginaries of distant people and places; interrogates who ‘Our’ correspondents are and the structures which underpin whose voices are heard; and reveals the concealed practices, spatialities and temporalities which shape the programme's production and geopolitical scripts it broadcasts. In doing so, the paper makes a significant and timely contribution to popular geopolitics, a subfield of political geography which has traditionally focused on deconstructing geopolitical discourses and imaginaries in ‘texts’, at the expense of investigating where, how and why media are ‘made’. It draws on original interviews conducted with FOOC's presenter, two producers and four correspondents, and reflects on what the programme's production reveals about how FOOC understands, conceptualises and portrays the world. By exploring FOOC, the paper offers important insights into the hidden geographies of production which govern BBC radio journalism as a sonic medium of popular geopolitics.
Plotting against justice: Conspiracy theory endorsement and opposition to criminal justice reform
Authors: Pomerantz Aaron L. , Altgilbers Roweton Marie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConspiracy theories about criminal justice reform are an unexplored domain with unique relationships to system justification and resistance to criminal justice reform. Across two studies, we developed and began to validate a measure of conspiracies about criminal justice reform, the CCJR. The CCJR was predicted by system justification, general conspiracy mentality, and political ideology (Study 1). The CCJR also mediated the relationship between system justification and resistance to information about criminal justice reform (Study 2). These studies suggest that conspiracy theories contribute to opposition to criminal justice reform, and that criminal justice reform‐related conspiracy theories serve a system‐justifying function, that is, atypical of conspiracy theories. These findings suggest new avenues for research on both conspiracy theories and criminal justice reform.
Triggers, cascades, and endpoints: connecting the dots of coral bleaching mechanisms
Authors: Helgoe Joshua , Davy Simon K. , Weis Virginia M. , Rodriguez‐Lanetty Mauricio 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTThe intracellular coral–dinoflagellate symbiosis is the engine that underpins the success of coral reefs, one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. However, the breakdown of the symbiosis and the loss of the microalgal symbiont (i.e. coral bleaching) due to environmental changes are resulting in the rapid degradation of coral reefs globally. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular physiology of coral bleaching at the mechanistic level to help develop solutions to mitigate the coral reef crisis. Here, at an unprecedented scope, we present novel models that integrate putative mechanisms of coral bleaching within a common framework according to the triggers (initiators of bleaching, e.g. heat, cold, light stress, hypoxia, hyposalinity), cascades (cellular pathways, e.g. photoinhibition, unfolded protein response, nitric oxide), and endpoints (mechanisms of symbiont loss, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis, exocytosis/vomocytosis). The models are supported by direct evidence from cnidarian systems, and indirectly through comparative evolutionary analyses from non‐cnidarian systems. With this approach, new putative mechanisms have been established within and between cascades initiated by different bleaching triggers. In particular, the models provide new insights into the poorly understood connections between bleaching cascades and endpoints and highlight the role of a new mechanism of symbiont loss, i.e. ‘symbiolysosomal digestion’, which is different from symbiophagy. This review also increases the approachability of bleaching physiology for specialists and non‐specialists by mapping the vast landscape of bleaching mechanisms in an atlas of comprehensible and detailed mechanistic models. We then discuss major knowledge gaps and how future research may improve the understanding of the connections between the diverse cascade of cellular pathways and the mechanisms of symbiont loss (endpoints).
Using the Mobile Toolbox in child and adolescent samples: A feasibility study
Authors: Young Stephanie Ruth , Novack Miriam Alana , Dworak Elizabeth M. , Kaat Aaron J. , Hosseinian Zahra , Gershon Richard C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCognitive research with developmental samples requires improved methods that support large‐scale, diverse, and open science. This paper offers initial evidence to support the Mobile Toolbox (MTB), a self‐administered remote smartphone‐based cognitive battery, in youth populations, from a pilot sample of 99 children (Mage = 11.79 years; 36% female; 53% White, 33% Black or African American, 9% Asian, and 15% Hispanic). Completion rates (95%–99%), practice performance (96%–100%), internal consistency (0.60–0.98), and correlations with similar NIHTB measures (0.55–0.77) provide the first evidence to support the MTB in a youth sample, although there were some inconsistencies across measures. Preliminary findings provide promising evidence of the MTB in developmental populations, and further studies are encouraged.
Cultural diversity of traditions for the disposal of exfoliated teeth: Implications for researchers
Authors: Parsons Clara L. B. , Mountain Rebecca V. , Jacobsson Kristina , Bidlack Felicitas B. , Lehmann Lisa Soleymani , Dunn Erin C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesFor decades, researchers in anthropology and archaeology have used teeth, including exfoliated primary teeth, as fossil records of people's physical life experiences. Recently, researchers in psychiatry, epidemiology, environmental health and other fields have recognized the potential for teeth to serve as biomarkers of other early‐life experiences, including trauma exposure and other types of psychosocial stress, which are potent determinants of later mental and physical health problems. Despite the emerging appreciation and value of teeth as biospecimens, little is understood about cultural beliefs and practices surrounding exfoliated teeth. If known, such insights could inform culturally appropriate practices for paediatric dental care and improve protocols for the ethical acquisition of teeth as biospecimens in research studies. To address this gap, a qualitative systematic review was performed to summarize the variety of traditions performed worldwide for disposing of primary exfoliated teeth.MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, AnthroSource, Anthropological Literature, EHRAF World Cultures and Anthropology Plus were searched with a systematic search strategy to identify articles published from inception through December 2, 2021. Citations of relevant papers were also forward and backward searched.ResultsThere were 3289 articles that met the initial inclusion criteria, of which 37 were included after individual screening and applying exclusion criteria. Thematic analysis was used to identify 74 distinct traditions related to the disposal of exfoliated teeth, which were organized into seven general themes: (1) giving teeth to a tooth fairy, (2) giving teeth to mouse figures, (3) throwing teeth, (4) hiding/keeping teeth, (5) burying teeth, (6) giving teeth to animals and (7) eating the tooth.ConclusionsThe results of this study elucidate the diversity within—yet universality of—exfoliated tooth disposal traditions and underscore the importance of tooth exfoliation as a major milestone during child development. Special attention must be paid to these traditions and related ethical concerns when designing research protocols related to their collection. With a greater understanding of beliefs and practices related to exfoliated teeth, researchers will be better equipped to engage children and families in studies that include analyses of exfoliated teeth, collect teeth as biospecimens, and broaden the use of teeth in research.