bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional rolling circle amplification-based sensitive determination and low-speed centrifugation-based isolation of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Gao Yan , Li Chaohui , Wang Ying , Yu Xue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ability to quickly and accurately analyze Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and isolate the bacteria in a simplified setting is crucial for the early identification and treatment of infectious illnesses. Here, we describe the development of a new aptamer-based detection and separation technique that combines Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme amplification cascades with catalytic hairpin assembly for enhanced sensitivity. This technique uses a rolling circle amplification procedure to build a detection scaffold with a repetitive functional hairpin structure that, upon identifying S. aureus, can launch a catalytic hairpin assembly-mediated DNAzyme-based cascade signal amplification. This allows S. aureus to be isolated using low-speed centrifugation and simultaneously quantified. The approach has a low limit of detection of 21 cfu/mL and a broad detection range of six orders of magnitude due to the inclusion of the catalytic hairpin assembly for signal amplification. In addition to high sensitivity, the method also demonstrates high selectivity for the identification and isolation of S. aureus, making it a useful instrument for reporting S. aureus infections.
Authentic STEM education through modelling: an international Delphi study
Authors: Hallström Jonas , Norström Per , Schönborn Konrad J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The literature asserts that science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education needs to be authentic. Although models and modelling provide a basis from which to increase authenticity by bridging the STEM disciplines, the idea of authentic STEM education remains challenging to define. In response, the aim of this study is to identify consensus on significant elements of authentic STEM education through models and modelling. Views were gathered anonymously over three rounds of questions with an expert panel. Responses were subjected to a multimethod analysis that pursued identification, consensus, and stability in the panel’s revealed propositions and themes around authentic STEM education through modelling.

Results
The panel reached high consensus concerning the potential of STEM education to support learning across traditional subject borders through authentic problem solving. The panel also consented that modelling is indispensable for achieving real-world relevance in STEM education, and that model-based integrated STEM education approaches provide opportunities for authentic problem solving. Furthermore, results showed that integrating individual STEM subjects during teaching, in terms of including disciplinary knowledge and skills, requires specialised competence. Here, technology and engineering subjects tended to implicitly underpin communicated teaching activities aimed at STEM integration.

Conclusions and implications
The panellists stress that STEM disciplines should be taught collaboratively at the same time as they are not in favour of STEM as a subject of its own but rather as a cooperation that maintains the integrity of each individual subject. Many respondents mentioned integrated STEM projects that included modelling and engineering design, although they were not specifically labelled as engineering projects. Thus, real-world STEM education scenarios are often viewed as being primarily technology and engineering based. The panel responses also implicate a need for multiple definitions of authenticity for different educational levels because a great deal of uncertainty surrounding authenticity seems to originate from the concept implying different meanings for different STEM audiences. These international Delphi findings can potentially inform integrated STEM classroom interventions, teacher education development, educational resource and curriculum design.
Pre- and postnatal safe sleep knowledge and planned as compared to actual infant sleep practices
Authors: Ramos Paula Valiño , Hoogerwerf Pamela J. , Smith Penny K. , Finley Carolyn , Okoro Uche E. , Jennissen Charles A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Our objectives were to compare safe sleep knowledge, attitudes and planned vs. actual infant sleep practices among expectant mothers before and after their infant’s birth and to determine whether differences (if present) were associated with any demographic variables.

Methods
Study participants were surveyed at their 28-week prenatal and 6-week postpartum obstetric clinic visits from November 2019–February 2021. Due to COVID-19 pandemic cancellation of in-person postpartum visits, many participants received text messaging encouraging them to take the follow-up survey online. Frequency and comparative analyses were performed.

Results
355 women (44%) completed both pre- and postnatal surveys. Many participants increased their safe sleep knowledge during the study. For example, of those who were unsure or thought it safe for a baby to sleep in a baby swing/bouncy seat, two-thirds (67/102, 66%) stated it was unsafe on the postnatal survey. In addition, many who were unsure or planned sleep practices considered unsafe prenatally reported utilizing safe sleep practices on their postnatal survey. For example, of those unsure or planning to use a crib bumper (17% of the total), almost all (88%) were not using one postnatally. Conversely, some participants who reported they would be following safe sleep practices prenatally were not doing so postpartum. For example, 13% of those stating they would place their child on their back reported using another sleep position on the postnatal survey. Certain demographics had higher proportions reporting this reversal for specific safe sleep practices. For example, non-Hispanic Whites (19%) as compared to other races/ethnicities (5%) and those with incomes ≥ $75,000 (21%) as compared with those with less income (9%) had higher proportions stating their infant would sleep in the same room but then reported postnatally they were sleeping in a different room, p = 0.0094 and p = 0.0138, respectively.

Conclusions
We observed increases in safe sleep knowledge and that some participants followed safer sleep practices than they had planned. However, there were also participants who planned to use safe sleep practices prenatally who were not doing so after their baby’s birth. Our study identified demographics for which targeted safe sleep education and more effective interventions may be needed.
Effect of remimazolam versus sevoflurane on intraoperative hemodynamics in noncardiac surgery: a retrospective observational study using propensity score matching
Authors: Katsuragawa Takayuki , Mimuro Soichiro , Sato Tsunehisa , Aoki Yoshitaka , Doi Matsuyuki , Katoh Takasumi , Nakajima Yoshiki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study compared the effects of remimazolam and sevoflurane on intraoperative hemodynamics including intraoperative hypotension (IOH).

Results
This study involved adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery using remimazolam (Group R) or sevoflurane (Group S) for maintenance anesthesia, and invasive arterial pressure measurements, from September 2020 to March 2023 at our hospital. IOH was defined as a mean blood pressure < 65 mmHg occurring for a cumulative duration of at least 10 min. A 1:1 propensity score-matching method was used. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of IOH, and the secondary endpoints were the cumulative hypotensive time, incidence of vasopressor use, and dose of vasopressor used (ephedrine, phenylephrine, dopamine, and noradrenaline). Group R comprised 169 patients, Group S comprised 393 patients, and a matched cohort of 141 patients was created by propensity score matching. There was no significant difference in the incidence of IOH between the two groups (85.1% in Group R vs. 91.5% in Group S, p = 0.138). Patients in Group R had a significantly lower cumulative hypotension duration (55 [18–119] vs. 83 [39–144] min, p = 0.005), vasopressor use (81.6% vs. 91.5%, p = 0.023), and dose of ephedrine (4 [0–8] vs. 12 [4–20] mg, p < 0.001) than those in Group S. There were no significant differences in the doses of other vasopressors between groups.

Conclusions
Compared with sevoflurane, the maintenance of anesthesia with remimazolam was not associated with a decreased incidence of IOH; however, it reduced the cumulative hypotension time, incidence of vasopressor use, and dose of ephedrine.
Introduction to the Thematic Series: Use and consequences of family policies among migrants and their descendants in Europe
Authors: Mussino Eleonora , Kraus Elisabeth , Milewski Nadja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article is the introduction to the Thematic SeriesUse and consequences of family policies among migrants and their descendants in Europe. The study contexts are countries in different Western European regions: Belgium, France, Germany, and Italy. Despite their differences with respect to welfare-state types in general and family policies in particular, these countries also vary when it comes to their immigration histories and current migrant populations. Yet, the fast-growing field of research on the effects of family polices on family and fertility behavior as well as work-family reconciliation has virtually overlooked migrants. To address this void in the existing literature, this Thematic Series raises two research questions: To what degree do family policies include, and are used by, migrants and their descendants? And, to what extent do such polices promote migrants’ integration into European societies? The collection contains six empirical articles investigating either eligibility or use and consequences of two specific family policy measures: parental leave and external childcare. Collectively, the studies show significant disadvantages among migrant groups in eligibility for family policy measures, and consequently in their use and impacts on further life-course patterns, compared to majority populations. They also demonstrate diverging patterns within migrant populations.
Reconstruction of shoulder MRI using deep learning and compressed sensing: a validation study on healthy volunteers
Authors: Dratsch Thomas , Siedek Florian , Zäske Charlotte , Sonnabend Kristina , Rauen Philip , Terzis Robert , Hahnfeldt Robert , Maintz David , Persigehl Thorsten , Bratke Grischa , Iuga Andra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the potential of combining compressed sensing (CS) and deep learning (DL) for accelerated two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the shoulder.

Methods
Twenty healthy volunteers were examined using at 3-T scanner with a fat-saturated, coronal, 2D proton density-weighted sequence with four acceleration levels (2.3, 4, 6, and 8) and a 3D sequence with three acceleration levels (8, 10, and 13), all accelerated with CS and reconstructed using the conventional algorithm and a new DL-based algorithm (CS-AI). Subjective image quality was evaluated by two blinded readers using 6 criteria on a 5-point Likert scale (overall impression, artifacts, and delineation of the subscapularis tendon, bone, acromioclavicular joint, and glenoid labrum). Objective image quality was measured by calculating signal-to-noise-ratio, contrast-to-noise-ratio, and a structural similarity index measure. All reconstructions were compared to the clinical standard (CS 2D acceleration factor 2.3; CS 3D acceleration factor 8). Additionally, subjective and objective image quality were compared between CS and CS-AI with the same acceleration levels.

Results
Both 2D and 3D sequences reconstructed with CS-AI achieved on average significantly better subjective and objective image quality compared to sequences reconstructed with CS with the same acceleration factor (p ≤ 0.011). Comparing CS-AI to the reference sequences showed that 4-fold acceleration for 2D sequences and 13-fold acceleration for 3D sequences without significant loss of quality (p ≥ 0.058).

Conclusions
For MRI of the shoulder at 3 T, a DL-based algorithm allowed additional acceleration of acquisition times compared to the conventional approach.

Relevance statement
The combination of deep-learning and compressed sensing hold the potential for further scan time reduction in 2D and 3D imaging of the shoulder while providing overall better objective and subjective image quality compared to the conventional approach.

Trial registration
DRKS00024156.

Key points
• Combination of compressed sensing and deep learning improved image quality and allows for significant acceleration of shoulder MRI.
• Deep learning-based algorithm achieved better subjective and objective image quality than conventional compressed sensing.
• For shoulder MRI at 3 T, 40% faster image acquisition for 2D sequences and 38% faster image acquisition for 3D sequences may be possible.

Graphical Abstract
Perioperative management of a morbidly obese patient with multiple myeloma for spine surgery—when the problem doubles up!
Authors: Garg Shankey , Mahajan Shalvi , Kansal Ankit , Taneja Swati 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients are prone to pathological fractures due to osteolytic bone lesions. With improved perioperative care, outcome of patients with vertebral compression fractures presenting for surgical interventions has become better. However, perioperative care of such patients is challenging for the anesthesiologist.

Case presentation
Herein, we report the successful perioperative management of a 55-year-old multiple myeloma patient with the compression fracture of lumbar vertebrae 2nd to 5th, for which balloon kyphoplasty was planned in prone position.

Conclusions
Multiple myeloma patients are at high risk of developing postoperative complications like acute kidney injury (AKI), pneumonia, and infections. In the present case report, we discuss and provide recommendations for better perioperative care to prevent perioperative complications.
Modeling fuel moisture dynamics under climate change in Spain’s forests
Authors: Balaguer-Romano Rodrigo , Díaz-Sierra Rubén , De Cáceres Miquel , Voltas Jordi , Boer Matthias M. , Resco de Dios Víctor 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Current assessments of the effects of climate change on future wildfire risk are based on either empirical approaches or fire weather indices. No study has yet used process-based models over national scales to understand how and where will increases in climate aridity affect the likelihood of fire activity through changes in the moisture content of live (LFMC) and of dead (DFMC) fuels. Here, we used process-based models to forecast changes in LFMC and DFMC under the 21st century climatic conditions projected from moderate and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Predictions were performed across broad productivity gradients in peninsular Spain to understand how productivity mediates the effects of climate change on fuel moisture dynamics.

Results
LFMC and DFMC were predicted to decline under the climatic conditions projected for the coming decades. Increases in the annual frequency of days with fuel moisture content below wildfire occurrence thresholds were predicted to extend fire season lengths by 20 days under RCP4.5 and by 50 days under RCP8.5. The effects of climate change on LFMC and DFMC varied linearly and negatively with productivity (stronger fuel moisture decreases in least productive environments). Although we observed a significant mitigation effect from rising CO2 (via increases in water-use efficiency), it was not enough to offset LFMC declining trends induced by increased temperature and aridity.

Conclusions
We predicted that the warmer and more arid climatic conditions projected for the 21st century will lead to generalized declines in fuel moisture, lengthening fire seasons, and increasing wildfire danger. The use of process-based models to forecast LFMC dynamics allowed the consideration of plant species capabilities to buffer climate change impacts. Significant increases in the fire season length predicted in the most productive environments, currently with large fire return intervals, would pose an increase of fire danger in major Spanish carbon sinks. Finally, the CO2 mitigation effect would not be enough to offset climate change-driven declines in seasonal LFMC levels.
Randomized controlled trial of tailored audit with feedback in VHA long-term care settings
Authors: Kononowech Jennifer , Scott Winifred , Landis-Lewis Zach , Sales Anne E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Long-Term Care QUERI program supported implementation of the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decisions Initiative in US Veterans Health Administration long-term care settings. The program worked with eleven Community Living Centers (CLCs) and twelve Home-Based Primary Care (HBPC) programs to increase rates of completed templates, using audit with feedback. We distributed monthly feedback reports to site champions showing the number of Veterans with appropriate documentation. Although feedback reports are a common implementation tool, little is known about the most effective ways to design, distribute, and support them. We sought to test tailoring reports with tips using site-specific data, as well as national comparator data.

Methods
We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial of monthly feedback reports utilizing site-tailored tips and national comparator data compared to our original feedback reports that included only graphical and numerical data. CLC and HBPC team members were invited to participate in brief surveys each quarter to determine if they had received and used the feedback reports. The outcome for CLC residents was the percent with a completed LST template any time prior to the 14th day of their stay. The outcome for HBPC residents was the percent of Veterans with a completed LST template by their second HBPC visit.

Results
The response rate to the survey ranged between 6.8 and 19.3% of staff members across the CLC and HBPC sites with 12.8–25.5% of survey respondents reporting that they had seen the feedback reports. The linear regression models showed no significant association between receiving the enhanced feedback reports and having a higher documentation completion rate.

Conclusions
Receiving feedback reports tailored to sites by including tips based on baseline context assessments and qualitative findings, and reports showing national comparator data, did not have an impact on the number of Veterans with a completed LST template. Having a higher proportion of CLC or HBPC team members view the reports was not associated with an increase in LST template completion. These findings suggest that tailored audit with feedback may not have been effective at the program level, although the proportion of respondents who reported seeing the reports was small.
Influence of board mechanisms on sustainability performance for listed firms in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Kwarteng Peter , Appiah Kingsley Opoku , Addai Bismark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of board mechanisms (board size, board independence, board gender, board educational background, board tenure, foreign directors on board, board leadership–CEO duality, board sub-committees, frequency of board meetings and CEO power) on the sustainability performance (SP) of listed Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) firms during 2010–2019. The study employed a two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation technique to test the hypothesised relationships among the variables. The results indicate that a positive and significant relationship exists between board tenure and environmental and economic SP. Board size and frequency of board meetings are positively linked with environmental and social SP. Additionally, the number of board sub-committees is positively correlated with social and economic SP. However, the board of directors’ educational background is negatively associated with both social and economic SP. Diversely, board independence, educational background, and frequency of board meetings displayed a positive connection with the combined SP. These results suggest that board mechanisms have a significant influence on sustainability performance. Our findings offer useful insights for companies, regulatory bodies, and varied stakeholder groups in SSA countries to promote the connection between board mechanisms and SP beyond the present frontiers because it suggests thinking around specific board mechanisms that meet the demand for greater accountability for sustainability performance.
Development of a comprehensive stress assessment tool for Indian public sector employees
Authors: Nanda Pradip Kumar , Nagasubramaniyan G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study aims to develop a comprehensive stress assessment tool for Indian public sector employees, considering unique stressors, cultural factors, and organizational characteristics. The study employed a deductive approach, cross-sectional design, and mixed-method study based on comprehension of extant stress management theories, to explore the factors contributing to employee stress. The study found that technological disruptions, austerity measures, blame games, multitasking, and work–life balance are significant factors of assessing employee stress. The findings of the study fill the gaps in extant literature and extends support to the job demand control and support model. The findings make practical contributions in assisting practitioners and policymakers to design suitable intervention programs to reduce employee stress and enhance employee productivity. The unique contribution of the study is, first of its kind in the Indian public sector context, that the tool has the potential to assess employee stress effectively at workplace and practitioners can derive benefits of the stress assessment tool.
Graphical abstract
Experimental study on the optimal performance of gas turbine (GT) inlet air filtration system for offshore application
Authors: Effiom Samuel O. , Ajor James A. , Effiom Precious-Chibuzo O. , Edem Isuamfon , Ubi Paschal , Abam Fidelis , Diemuodeke Ogheneruona E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn experimental study on the optimal gas turbine inlet air filtration system performance for offshore applications is presented. The objective is to conduct a comparative real-time data analysis for an offshore selection of optimal filtration system. Different filtration configurations were set up in a wind tunnel under simulated offshore environmental settings. The considered filter grades (A, B, C, D, E and F) align with the ASHRAE filter class (F7, H12, E11, E10, G5 and F9). Offshore contaminants weighing 1000 g, ranging between 0.05 and 20 µm, were used based on ASTM standards. The contaminants were loaded between 20 and 100% mass. The results indicate that the accumulated contaminant across the filter elements at 100% loading for A, B, C, D, and E filters ranged between 205.36 and 318.02 g. Similarly, the pressure differential change across the filters A–B, D–E, B–C, E–F, and filter housing inlet–outlet were estimated at 19.02 kPa, 16.9 kPa, 2.54 kPa, 2.86 kPa, and 2.25 kPa, respectively, while the particle removal efficiency for A, C and D filters were highest calculated at 53%, 58.22% and 51.69%, respectively. The result proved significant, with an overall improvement in the compressor output at 205 kW for a pressure change of 2.25 kPa at the filter housing outlet used to establish the optimal performance. The filter elements recorded decreased efficiency across the compressor stages due to mass accumulation on the media surface area. The study inferred that a 3-stage filtration with filter combination A–B (F7–H12), D–E (E10–G5), and B–C (H12–E11) is suitable for an inlet filtration system for GTs operating within the studied offshore environment.