bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between outer retinal tubulation, retinal volume, and visual field in Bietti crystalline dystrophy
Authors: Kishi Yuka , Ikeda Hanako O. , Miyata Manabu , Numa Shogo , Kamei Takuro , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the presence of tubulation in the outer nuclear layer of patients with Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and evaluate its relationship with visual field, visual field progression, and retinal volume.

Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study included 37 patients diagnosed with BCD who underwent spectral-domain OCT examination. OCT examinations and Humphrey visual field tests (10–2 program) were conducted. We performed correlation analyses to assess the correlation of the number of tubulations with the visual field parameters and retinal volume. We also compared the number and prevalence of tubulations in groups based on median values of the parameters. The primary outcome measure was the number and prevalence of tubulations.

Results
The average age of the participants was 58.7 ± 9.6 years. The mean deviation (MD) value was −25.0 ± 9.0 decibels (dB). The MD slope value during an average follow-up period of 5.9 ± 3.8 years was −0.91 ± 1.02 dB/year. The number of tubulations tended to increase as the MD values worsened (P = 0.055, r = −0.33). Moreover, the number (P = 0.48) and prevalence (P = 0.42) of tubulations tended to be higher in the group with lower MD values. The number of tubulations decreased with worsening logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (P = 0.68, r = −0.07). The prevalence of tubulations was higher in the group with poorer logMAR (P = 0.068). We observed no significant correlations between the number of tubulations and the retinal outer, inner, or center volume (P = 0.46, r = −0.13; P = 0.76, r = 0.05; P = 0.47, r = 0.12, respectively). However, the prevalence of tubulations in the group with smaller retinal center volume was lower (P = 0.054).

Conclusion
The number of tubulations correlated with the severity of visual field loss in patients with BCD; however, it did not correlate with visual field progression or retinal volume measurements. Further studies are needed to understand the development of tubulations and their implications for retinal atrophy in BCD.
Entropy-based assessment of complexity structural effects of the third dimension, case seismic nest of Los Santos (Colombia)
Authors: Mantilla-Duarte Carlos A. , Angulo José M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper focuses on analysing, from an entropy-based approach, the implications on structural complexity associated with the third dimension (depth), considering along with latitude and longitude as part of the spatial distribution of earthquakes recorded in the Los Santos seismic nest within the Bucaramanga geologic complex, Santander, Colombia, during the period from January 2018 to December 2021. Highlighting entropy as a measure of uncertainty and system organisation, variations between two and three dimensions of significant characteristics of spatio-temporal patterns of registered seismic events are explored. After a preliminary descriptive analysis, simulations and randomisations are performed to validate the observed effects. The study proposes future directions, such as the consideration of non-linear distance measures and the inclusion of released energy in the entropy calculation, to contribute to the understanding of the spatial complexity of seismic phenomena and provide a solid basis for future research in this critical area.
Association between periodontitis and physical fitness in law enforcement workers
Authors: Buti Jacopo , Ronca F. , Burgess P. W. , Gallagher J. , Ashley P. , Needleman I. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Oral and periodontal health have been linked to systemic health, cardiovascular disease and inflammation markers. Physical fitness has been linked to increased inflammatory response, but only few studies have investigated the association between oral health with physical activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between oral and periodontal health status and physical fitness in British law enforcement workers.

Methods
89 subjects were recruited between November and December 2019. Cardiopulmonary fitness was measured by Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) (ml/kg/min) and Maximum Load (Loadmax) (W) generated at the end of the Bruce incremental treadmill test; physical activity levels through accelerometers; functional strength tests by Countermovement Jump (CMJ) Power (W) and Height (cm) average. Oral variables included percentage of sites with PPD > 4 mm (% PPD > 4), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS) and Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, gender and fat %.

Results
Mean age was 41.5 years (range 23–61; 71.9% male). Higher % PPD > 4 was consistently correlated with lower Loadmax (-4.96; p = 0.092), CMJ Height average (-0.39; p = 0.064), and press-ups in 60 s (-0.85; p = 0.052) though the associations were not statistically significant. FMBS was associated with the % of a day spent in sedentary (0.78; p = 0.030) and light activities (-0.75; p = 0.022).

Conclusions
Periodontitis may be negatively associated with certain components of physical performance.

Clinical relevance
Oral health status may be associated with physical fitness and functional strength.
Photoperiod and Light Spectrum Modulate Daily Rhythms and Expression of Genes Involved in Cell Proliferation, DNA Repair, Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in a Seabream Embryonic Stem Cell Line
Authors: Vergès-Castillo Alba , Herrera-Pérez Patricia , Pendón Carlos , Martín-Robles Águeda J. , Muñoz-Cueto José A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The use of cell lines as alternative models for environmental physiology studies opens a new window of possibilities and is becoming an increasingly used tool in marine research to fulfil the 3R’s rule. In this study, an embryonic monoclonal stem cell line obtained from a marine teleost (gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata) was employed to assess the effects of photoperiod (light/dark cycles vs constant dark) and light spectrum (white, blue, green, blue/green and red lights) on gene expression and rhythms of cellular markers of proliferation, DNA repair, apoptosis and cellular/oxidative stress by RT-qPCR and cosinor analyses. The results obtained revealed the optimal performance of cells under blue light (LDB), with all the genes analysed showing their highest RNA expression levels and most robust daily variations/rhythms in this condition. Under LDB, the mRNA levels of cell proliferation (pcna), DNA repair (cry5), anti-apoptotic (bcl2) and oxidative stress (prdx2) markers peaked at the day-night transition, whereas pro-apoptotic (bax) and cell stress (hsp70) markers showed their highest expression at the night-day transition, evidencing the strong synchronisation of the transcription of key genes involved in the cell cycle in this photoregime. The persistence of significant pcna, cry5, hsp70 and prdx2 rhythms after 3 days in constant darkness reveals the endogenous and circadian nature of these rhythms. Our results highlight the importance of implementing photoperiods with light–dark cycles of blue wavelengths when performing fish cell culture research. These results reinforce and extend our previous studies, confirming the importance of lighting conditions that mimic the natural environment for the proper development of fish embryos and larvae in aquaculture.
Review of filtering based feature selection for Botnet detection in the Internet of Things
Authors: Saied Mohamed , Guirguis Shawkat , Madbouly Magda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Botnets are a major security threat in the Internet of Things (IoT), posing significant risks to user privacy, network availability, and the integrity of IoT devices. With the increasing availability of large datasets that contain hundreds or even thousands of variables, selecting the right set of features can be a challenging task. Feature selection is a critical step in developing effective machine learning-based botnet detection systems, as it enables the selection of a subset of features that are most relevant for detection. This paper provides a comprehensive review of filtering based feature selection techniques for botnet detection in IoT. It examines a range of filtering based techniques and evaluates their effectiveness in addressing the challenges and limitations of botnet detection in IoT. It aims to identify the gaps in the literature and areas for future research, and discuss the broader implications of findings for the field of IoT botnet detection. This review provides valuable insights and guidance for researchers and practitioners working on botnet detection in IoT, and highlights the importance of effective feature selection in developing robust and reliable detection systems.
Measuring dimensional stability of thermally modified ayous and iroko wood: comparison of the three test methods
Authors: Tomak Eylem D. , Ermeydan Mahmut A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The dimensional stability and moisture content of wood are important physical properties that influence the end-use of wood. These properties can be greatly improved by thermal modification of wood. In this study, three different test methods are studied on thermally modified iroko (Milicia excelsa) and ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) wood to compare the methods of measuring dimensional stability behavior. Test methods include (1) repeated water-soaking until saturation, (2) test cycles of water-soaking and drying, and (3) exposure to relative humidity cycles in the air. Test methods revealed enhanced dimensional stability in thermally modified wood samples relative to the unmodified samples. However, the relative dimensional stability behavior varied between the methods. Water-soaking until maximum swelling (Method-1) showed differences in the swelling rate for each wood material. Thermally modified ayous wood swelled more slowly (~ 44%) than thermally modified iroko wood. Interestingly, subsequent test methods (Methods 2 and 3) showed decreasing dimensional stability especially for modified iroko wood as the wetting–drying cycles increased and iroko wood was kept in high relative humidity such as 85%. The cracks in the cross-section were more in modified iroko samples than in the controls, whilst modified ayous wood had no visible cracks in the cycles of wetting and drying in Method-2. The anti-swelling efficiency of thermally modified ayous wood was found as ~ 45%, 30%, and 40–60% in Method 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The results of the three different methods clearly showed that thermal modification ensured good dimensional stability for ayous wood, whereas in iroko wood insufficient dimensional stability was obtained, especially in Methods 2 and 3. Thermal modification may not be a good option to ensure dimensional stability for iroko wood. For a complete understanding of dimensional stability in wood modification studies, long-term wetting and drying cycles and/or air humidity cycles are recommended especially for extractive-rich wood species.
Designing a classroom-level teacher dashboard to foster primary school teachers’ direct instruction of self-regulated learning strategies
Authors: Dülger Melis , van Leeuwen Anouschka , Janssen Jeroen , Kester Liesbeth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Self-regulated learning (SRL) is crucial for fostering lifelong learning skills in students, encompassing planning, monitoring, and controlling abilities. Previous research indicates that many students struggle to regulate their learning effectively. In the Netherlands, adaptive learning technologies are widely used to support math education in primary schools, providing direct feedback and adjusting problem difficulty levels. Despite this, students still need to invest effort and monitor their progress, requiring better SRL skills. Previous research emphasized the importance of teachers’ direct instruction of SRL strategies for primary school students. Yet, identifying classroom needs accurately and timely remains challenging, especially in large classrooms. Teacher dashboards provide a solution by aggregating, analyzing, and reporting students’ learning processes through visualizations. However, existing SRL dashboards have not focused on enhancing direct strategy instruction and lack theoretical grounding. To address these gaps, we developed a theory-based teacher dashboard through iterative co-design. We conducted two rounds of interviews with primary school teachers to gather insights on their current SRL practices and refined prototypes. The first round of results (n = 10) informed the creation of low-fidelity prototypes. The second round of results (n = 11) showed that teachers found the low-fidelity prototypes actionable while they still required further improvement to ensure clarity. Importantly, these interviews underlined teachers’ need for a dashboard to better support SRL in the classroom. This study outlines teachers’ SRL practices and the initial design steps of a teacher dashboard, laying the groundwork for developing similar dashboards enhancing teachers’ SRL practices and potentially improving students’ self-regulation.
Virtual staining from bright-field microscopy for label-free quantitative analysis of plant cell structures
Authors: Ichita Manami , Yamamichi Haruna , Higaki Takumi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The applicability of a deep learning model for the virtual staining of plant cell structures using bright-field microscopy was investigated. The training dataset consisted of microscopy images of tobacco BY-2 cells with the plasma membrane stained with the fluorescent dye PlasMem Bright Green and the cell nucleus labeled with Histone-red fluorescent protein. The trained models successfully detected the expansion of cell nuclei upon aphidicolin treatment and a decrease in the cell aspect ratio upon propyzamide treatment, demonstrating its utility in cell morphometry. The model also accurately documented the shape of Arabidopsis pavement cells in both wild type and the bpp125 triple mutant, which has an altered pavement cell phenotype. Metrics such as cell area, circularity, and solidity obtained from virtual staining analyses were highly correlated with those obtained by manual measurements of cell features from microscopy images. Furthermore, the versatility of virtual staining was highlighted by its application to track chloroplast movement in Egeria densa. The method was also effective for classifying live and dead BY-2 cells using texture-based machine learning, suggesting that virtual staining can be applied beyond typical segmentation tasks. Although this method still has some limitations, its non-invasive nature and efficiency make it highly suitable for label-free, dynamic, and high-throughput analyses in quantitative plant cell biology.
Additive structure of non-monogenic simplest cubic fields
Authors: Gil-Muñoz Daniel , Tinková Magdaléna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider Shanks’ simplest cubic fields K for which the index

$$[{\mathcal {O}}_K:{\mathbb {Z}}[\rho ]]$$

[

O
K

:
Z

[
ρ
]

]

of a root

$$\rho $$

ρ

of the defining parametric polynomial is 3. For them, we study the additive indecomposables of K and provide a complete list of them. Moreover, we use the knowledge of the indecomposables to prove some interesting consequences on the arithmetic of K. Mainly, we obtain good bounds on the ranks of universal quadratic forms over K and prove that the Pythagoras number of

$${\mathcal {O}}_K$$

O
K

is 6.
Better objective sleep quality is associated with higher gut microbiota richness in older adults
Authors: Wijaya Maria Teresa , Fang Ji-Tseng , Liu Geng-Hao , Yeh Yuan-Ming , Chen Ning-Hung , Lin Chih-Ming , Wu Kuain-Yi , Huang Chih-Mao , Lee Shwu-Hua , Lee Tatia M. C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aging is associated with disrupted sleep patterns, such as fragmented sleep and reduced efficiency, leading to negative health outcomes. There is evidence of a bidirectional relationship between sleep and gut microbiota, which plays a key role in the gut-brain axis and overall health. However, studies on this relationship in older adults have limited generalizability and show conflicting results, highlighting the need for further research. This study aimed to investigate the associations between sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in healthy Chinese older adults using subjective and objective sleep measures to capture various aspects of sleep quality and explore potential impacts on emotional well-being and cognitive performance. Subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, while objective sleep quality was measured with actigraphy. Gut microbiota sequencing was performed on stool samples. The results show a robust positive association between gut microbiota richness and objective sleep quality in older adults, independent of subjective sleep quality and demographics, lifestyle, and health covariates. However, no significant link was found between gut microbiota richness and subjective sleep quality. Specific taxa like Bacteroidetes, Ruminococcus, Collinsella, Veillonella, and Holdemania were tentatively linked to sleep quality. These findings emphasize the connection between sleep quality and gut microbiota composition in older adults with potential research and clinical implications, improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the sleep-gut microbiota relationship and guiding the development of interventions for improving both sleep quality and gut health in older adults.
Organic fertilization enhances temporal stability of rhizosophere soil microbiomes in a long-term sorghum field experiment
Authors: Liu Qiuxia , Wan Xinjie , Chen Haoxiang , Wang Jinsong , Sun Anqi , Dong Erwei , Wang Yuan , Huang Xiaolei , Hu Hang-Wei , Jiao Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Fertilization, a widely used agricultural management practice to maximum crop yields, significantly influences microbial community structure and diversity. Soil microbial communities are known to differ across plant growth stages, but how different organic and inorganic fertilization regimes shape microbial temporal variation remains unclear.

Methods
To investigate the temporal stability of microbial communities under organic and chemical fertilization, rhizosphere soil of sorghum was collected at four growth stages (jointing, heading, filling and maturity) in a long-term field experiment with multiple chemical and organic fertilization treatments.

Results
The results showed that, compared with the control and chemical fertilizer treatments, organic manure treatments resulted in less pronounced variation in microbial community diversity and structure across growth stages. Microbial cooccurrence networks in organic manure treatments were more robust compared to the control and chemical fertilizer treatments, indicating greater stability of microbial community temporal variation in organically fertilized soils. Across different growth stages, fungal communities in manure treatments showed no significant differences in diversity or community structure, and maintained low average variation degree, whereas bacterial communities were more variable.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that microbes in organically fertilized soils have more stable communities over time, with fungal communities being more stable than bacterial ones. This study provides insights into how fertilization shapes microbial communities and indicates that organic fertilization enhances the resistance of microbial communities under changing environmental conditions.
Exploring neuroanatomy and neuropsychology in digital financial decision-making: betrayal aversion and risk behavior
Authors: Carbó-Valverde Santiago , Martín-Ríos Raquel , Rodríguez-Fernández Francisco 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Detecting the factors associated with financial decision-making is an unresolved challenge when trying to predict digital financial behavior. This paper reports experimental results on both neuropsychological and neuronal correlates of risk-taking and betrayal aversion among 121 healthy participants (Xage=21.7; SD = 2.8). A questionnaire on financial habits was administered, followed by neuropsychological tests and a magnetic resonance imaging session while participants viewed videos depicting both traditional and digital economic transactions. Participants also completed a computerized version of trust and risk games. Results reveal that Sensitivity to Punishment and Negative Urgency significantly predict risk behavior. High betrayal aversion was associated with greater sensitivity to punishment as well as lower volume in temporal areas. Cluster analysis identified two distinct psychological profiles based on betrayal aversion scores, highlighting differences in sensitivity to punishment, negative urgency, positive urgency, and trust game score. Furthermore, cortical thickness comparisons revealed differences between low and high-aversion groups, particularly in the temporal, parietal, and insular areas. White matter analysis indicated less integration in specific tracts among individuals with high betrayal aversion. These findings suggest the influence of neuropsychological factors on the adoption of risky financial behaviors and emotional response to betrayal.
Addressing the Burden of Pathological Fatigue in Stroke Survivors: A Review of Present and Potential Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacotherapeutic Options
Authors: Liang Y. , Levi C. , Spratt N. J. , Janssen H. , Bajorek B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review
Three-quarters of stroke survivors experience fatigue, yet its management remains suboptimal due to uncertainty about therapeutic options and underpinning evidence. Given the diverse causes and varying patient preferences, various strategies—ranging from pharmacological to non-pharmacological treatments—are being explored. A clearer understanding of these options' effectiveness would help prioritize those most suitable for clinical evaluation.

Recent Findings
Twenty studies involving 1,163 participants were extracted, including 12 randomized clinical trials, 2 non-randomized clinical trials, 1 post hoc follow-up study, and 5 treatment protocols or abstracts for studies. Most treatment options demonstrated significant improvements, reported as changes in fatigue and/or quality-of-life measurement scales (scores) or changes in the proportion of patients reporting an improvement. Variability in outcome measures precluded a comparison of efficacy between treatment options. Specific conventional mono-pharmacotherapies (e.g., modafinil) were shown to be most effective, reducing fatigue in up to 81% of patients whilst cognitive behaviour-based interventions reduced fatigue in 24–60% of stroke patients. Complementary therapies (acupuncture, Astragalus membranaceus) reduced fatigue scores by 42–45% and were most effective when used in combination therapies; Traditional Chinese medicine (Qi Supplementing Dominated Chinese Materia Medica) plus physical rehabilitation significantly reduced mean fatigue scores by 66%.

Summary
Presently, conventional 。pharmacotherapies appear to be the most effective option for managing post-stroke fatigue. However, further trials are needed to confirm their long-term effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient acceptability. More research is necessary to explore the full and diverse range of treatment options.