bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fingertip soft tissue defect caused by periungual warts: A case report
Authors: Wang Xiaoqin , Xu Jinhui , Jiang Yourang , Zhang Deli 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessasePeriungual warts are frequently encountered in the field of dermatology. Here, we describe the case of a 69‐year‐old individual who presented with hand warts. The wart growth extended to the finger stump, resulting in a soft tissue defect on the fingertip of the right thumb. A treatment approach involving superficial x‐ray therapy in combination with tretinoin was employed to address this finding. The warts disappeared after completing 26 days of the treatment regimen. Fingertip soft tissue defects due to periungual warts are a rare occurrence in clinical settings. This report serves as the first documented case of such a problem successfully managed with the treatment approach mentioned above.
Partial molar pregnancy with hydrops fetalis causing intrauterine fetal demise: A case report
Authors: Panthi Anup , Bhattarai Madhur , Katwal Shailendra , Bhandari Sushmita , Baral Rituraj , Bhusal Madhav , Khaniya Bishal 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageTimely prenatal diagnosis, regular checkups, and comprehensive counseling are vital in preventing and managing complications in high‐risk pregnancies like partial molar pregnancy with hydrops fetalis.AbstractA live singleton fetus with partial molar pregnancy is a rare condition. We report a case of partial mole with hydrops fetalis causing intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) in the third trimester. Our case involves a 20‐year primigravid without prior antenatal checkups who presented to outpatient department at 31 weeks and 5 days of gestation with lower abdominal pain, backache, vaginal spotting, and decreased fetal movement. Ultrasound revealed partial mole, hydrops fetalis, and IUFD. The patient underwent induced delivery expelling a 1900 gm female fetus with no viability and a placenta containing 650 gm of molar tissue. Placental tissue with cystic component was confirmed as molar tissue by histopathological examination. She was discharged a few days afterward and had undetectable beta‐human chorionic gonadotropin levels after a month. Prenatal diagnosis, counseling, rigorous antepartum surveillance, and appropriate postpartum follow‐up are essential for the best possible mother and fetal outcomes.
Assessment of metal pollution in agricultural soils and associated human health risk in Shifang City, China
Authors: Gan Chun‐dan , Tang Ya , Chen Li , Yang Jin‐yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetals in soils exert toxic effects on soil quality and human health. In order to carry out metal contamination assessment and human health risk assessment of agricultural soils, a total of 662 cultivated soil samples were collected from two industrially oriented towns and three agriculturally oriented towns of Shifang City, Southwest China. Various indices were applied to analyze the pollution levels of soils caused by metals (Cr, Fe, Pb, Sr, Ti, V, Zn, and Zr). The relatively high values of the geo‐accumulation index (Igeo) and the enrichment factor (EF) suggested that Sr, V, and Zn had cumulative trends in the soils. The average pollution load index (PLI) values of the industrial towns (1.19 and 0.99) were higher than those of the agricultural towns (0.92, 0.53, and 0.43), demonstrating the contribution of industrial activities to soil metal enrichment. The health risk assessment from the five towns indicated that Cr and V were the dominant contaminants in soils with high potential health risks. Dermal contact was the major pathway of the exposure of children and adults to Cr and V. This study improved the understanding of the pollution levels of metals in Shifang agricultural soils and put forward the necessity of minimizing the health risk of Cr and V in agricultural soil.
Combined BRAF, MEK, and heat‐shock protein 90 inhibition in advanced BRAF V600‐mutant melanoma
Authors: Eroglu Zeynep , Chen Y. Ann , Smalley Inna , Li Jiannong , Markowitz Joseph K. , Brohl Andrew S. , Tetteh Leticia , Taylor Hayley , Sondak Vernon K. , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Smalley Keiran S. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundResistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors in BRAF V600‐mutant melanoma is common. Multiple resistance mechanisms involve heat‐shock protein 90 (HSP90) clients, and a phase 1 study of vemurafenib with the HSP90 inhibitor XL888 in patients with advanced melanoma showed activity equivalent to that of BRAF and MEK inhibitors.MethodsVemurafenib (960 mg orally twice daily) and cobimetinib (60 mg orally once daily for 21 of 28 days) with escalating dose cohorts of XL888 (30, 45, 60, or 90 mg orally twice weekly) was investigated in a phase 1 trial of advanced melanoma, with a modified Ji dose‐escalation design.ResultsTwenty‐five patients were enrolled. After two dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) (rash and acute kidney injury) in the first cohort, lower doses of vemurafenib (720 mg) and cobimetinib (40 mg) were investigated with the same XL888 doses. Three DLTs (rash) were observed in 12 patients in the XL888 60‐mg cohort, and this was determined as the maximum tolerated dose. Objective responses were observed in 19 patients (76%), and the median progression‐free survival was 7.6 months, with a 5‐year progression‐free survival rate of 20%. The median overall survival was 41.7 months, with a 5‐year overall survival rate of 37%. Single‐cell RNA sequencing was performed on baseline and on‐treatment biopsies; treatment was associated with increased immune cell influx (CD4‐positive and CD8‐positive T cells) and decreased melanoma cells.ConclusionsCombined vemurafenib and cobimetinib plus XL888 had significant toxicity, requiring frequent dose reductions, which may have contributed to the relatively low progression‐free survival despite a high tumor response rate. Given overlapping toxicities, caution must be used when combining HSP90 inhibitors with BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
An adaptive gravitational search optimization (AGSO)‐based convolutional neural network—long short‐term memory (CNN‐LSTM) approach for face recognition and classification
Authors: Chengathir Selvi M. , Maruthupandi J. , Bhuvaneswari T. , Manonmani T. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryFace recognition and classification have gained increasing attraction in the recent decades due to their widespread adoption in real time application systems. Most of the conventional research efforts focused on developing face recognition frameworks using enhanced optimization‐based classification methods, they are hampered by issues such as computational complexity, increased overhead, limited capacity to handle large datasets, and lengthy processing time. The novel contribution of this paper is to develop a highly competent and precise face recognition methodology through an innovative mechanism. In this framework, the initial step involves face detection from input images using an analytical face parts detection methodology. Subsequently, the tutor face filtering (TFF) technique is applied to preprocess the face image, enhancing its quality and filtering out noise content. Following this preprocessing step, features are extracted from the processed image using the direction‐based pattern extraction (DBPE) model. To improve classifier accuracy, a novel adaptive gravitational search optimization (AGSO) technique is employed to select the optimal features during model training. Finally, an integrated deep learning model, referred to as convolutional neural network—long short‐term memory (LSTM), is utilized for accurate face image recognition based on the selected optimal features. To assess and compare the system's performance, various metrics are employed in the results analysis to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach.
Assessing the validity and reliability of the International Anxiety Questionnaire and the International Depression Questionnaire in two bereaved national samples
Authors: Hyland Philip , Redican Enya , Karatzias Thanos , Shevlin Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ) and International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) are self‐report measures of ICD‐11 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (ICD‐11 GAD) and ICD‐11 Single Episode Depressive Disorder (ICD‐11 DD). This study tested the psychometric properties of these scales in two samples of bereaved adults from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the combined dimensionality and measurement invariance of the IAQ and IDQ across the United Kingdom (n = 1012) and Irish (n = 1011) samples. Differential item functioning (DIF) was tested using multiple indicator multiple cause (MIMIC) modelling while convergent validity was also assessed. CFA results supported a correlated two‐factor model in both samples. The MIMIC model showed that the IDQ item “Had recurrent thoughts of death or suicide” showed DIF and the effect was small. Internal reliability of the scales were high and convergent validity was supported. The prevalence of ICD‐11 GAD was 18.6% and 16.1% and ICD‐11 DD was 13.8% and 10.5% in the United Kingdom and Irish samples, respectively. Findings of the study provide support for the validity, measurement invariance, and reliability of the IAQ and IDQ among two bereaved national samples.
Does digitalization foster the path to a circular economy? An exploratory analysis of European Union countries
Authors: Gil‐Lamata Mercedes , Fuentelsaz Lucio , Latorre‐Martínez María Pilar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEuropean Union (EU) governments are placing intensified stress on both the development of the circular economy (CE) and digital performance. In spite of the strategic and economic relevance of these two scientific fields, there is a lack of evidence regarding their mutual effects and implications. We tackle this gap by analysing how digitalization favours the path towards the CE across EU member states. Firstly, a cluster analysis was conducted to identify groups of EU countries depending on circular behaviour, resulting in the Generators, Recyclers, Achievers, Innovators classification. Subsequently, an analysis of variance was performed to examine how the groups were influenced by the different contexts of digitization. This has allowed us to detect that the digitalization variables of human capital, integration of digital technology and digital public services, are key drivers of variability in the CE. Moreover, we have found that countries with similar circular behaviour share similar levels of digitalization variables.
Predictors of efficacy of Sodium‐GLucose Transporter‐2 inhibitors and Glucagon‐Like Peptide 1 receptor agonists: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Scoccimarro Daniele , Cipani Giacomo , Dicembrini Ilaria , Mannucci Edoardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThe aim of the present study was to verify predictors of HbA1c reduction with Sodium‐GLucose Transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and Glucagon‐Like Peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists in routine clinical practice.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed, enrolling patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥18 years who received a prescription of an SGLT2 inhibitor or a long‐acting GLP1 receptor agonist with at least 6 months of persistence in therapy. Therapeutic success was defined as HbA1c reduction >10 mmol/mol or attainment of the recommended HbA1c target.ResultsOut of 236 patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, 148 were categorised as successes: successes had a mean lower age and higher estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate than failures, but only age retained statistical significance at multivariate analysis (Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval: 0.94 [0.91–0.98], p = 0.006). In the GLP1 receptor agonists cohort (N = 214) there were 146 successes, showing a significantly shorter duration of diabetes even after adjusting for age, and baseline HbA1c (HR 0.96 [0.91–0.99], p = 0.02).ConclusionsThe present study is a preliminary exploration of factors associated with HbA1c response to SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists. Differences in predictors of HbA1c changes across different classes of drugs could be useful in identifying the most suitable drug in individual patients. SGLT2 inhibitors seem to be associated with a greater reduction of HbA1c in younger subjects, and GLP1 agonists in those with a shorter duration of diabetes.
Tumor dormancy: EMT beyond invasion and metastasis
Authors: Aouad Patrick , Quinn Hazel M. , Berger Adeline , Brisken Cathrin 
Published: September 2023

SummaryMore than two‐thirds of cancer‐related deaths are attributable to metastases. In some tumor types metastasis can occur up to 20 years after diagnosis and successful treatment of the primary tumor, a phenomenon termed late recurrence. Metastases arise from disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) that leave the primary tumor early on in tumor development, either as single cells or clusters, adapt to new environments, and reduce or shut down their proliferation entering a state of dormancy for prolonged periods of time. Dormancy has been difficult to track clinically and study experimentally. Recent advances in technology and disease modeling have provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms orchestrating dormancy and the switch to a proliferative state. A new role for epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in inducing plasticity and maintaining a dormant state in several cancer models has been revealed. In this review, we summarize the major findings linking EMT to dormancy control and highlight the importance of pre‐clinical models and tumor/tissue context when designing studies. Understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling dormant DTCs is pivotal in developing new therapeutic agents that prevent distant recurrence by maintaining a dormant state.
Testing the hierarchy of predictability in grassland restoration across a gradient of environmental severity
Authors: Bertuol‐Garcia Diana , Ladouceur Emma , Brudvig Lars A. , Laughlin Daniel C. , Munson Seth M. , Curran Michael F. , Davies Kirk W. , Svejcar Lauren N. , Shackelford Nancy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEcological restoration is critical for recovering degraded ecosystems but is challenged by variable success and low predictability. Understanding which outcomes are more predictable and less variable following restoration can improve restoration effectiveness. Recent theory asserts that the predictability of outcomes would follow an order from most to least predictable from coarse to fine community properties (physical structure > taxonomic diversity > functional composition > taxonomic composition) and that predictability would increase with more severe environmental conditions constraining species establishment. We tested this “hierarchy of predictability” hypothesis by synthesizing outcomes along an aridity gradient with 11 grassland restoration projects across the United States. We used 1829 vegetation monitoring plots from 227 restoration treatments, spread across 52 sites. We fit generalized linear mixed‐effects models to predict six indicators of restoration outcomes as a function of restoration characteristics (i.e., seed mixes, disturbance, management actions, time since restoration) and used variance explained by models and model residuals as proxies for restoration predictability. We did not find consistent support for our hypotheses. Physical structure was among the most predictable outcomes when the response variable was relative abundance of grasses, but unpredictable for total canopy cover. Similarly, one dimension of taxonomic composition related to species identities was unpredictable, but another dimension of taxonomic composition indicating whether exotic or native species dominated the community was highly predictable. Taxonomic diversity (i.e., species richness) and functional composition (i.e., mean trait values) were intermittently predictable. Predictability also did not increase consistently with aridity. The dimension of taxonomic composition related to the identity of species in restored communities was more predictable (i.e., smaller residuals) in more arid sites, but functional composition was less predictable (i.e., larger residuals), and other outcomes showed no significant trend. Restoration outcomes were most predictable when they related to variation in dominant species, while those responding to rare species were harder to predict, indicating a potential role of scale in restoration predictability. Overall, our results highlight additional factors that might influence restoration predictability and add support to the importance of continuous monitoring and active management beyond one‐time seed addition for successful grassland restoration in the United States.
Genetic differentiation and local adaptation of the Japanese honeybee, Apis cerana japonica
Authors: Wakamiya Takeshi , Kamioka Takahiro , Ishii Yuu , Takahashi Jun‐ichi , Maeda Taro , Kawata Masakado 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examine the population genetic structure and divergence among the regional populations of the Japanese honeybee, Apis cerana japonica, by re‐sequencing the genomes of 105 individuals from the three main Japanese islands with diverse climates. The genetic structure results indicated that these individuals are distinct from the mainland Chinese A. cerana samples. Furthermore, population structure analyses have identified three genetically distinct geographic regions in Japan: Northern (Tohoku‐Kanto‐Chubu districts), Central (Chugoku district), and Southern (Kyushu district). In some districts, “possible non‐native” individuals, likely introduced from other regions in recent years, were discovered. Then, genome‐wide scans were conducted to detect candidate genes for adaptation by two different approaches. We performed a population branch statistics (PBS) analysis to identify candidate genes for population‐specific divergence. A latent factor mixed model (LFMM) was used to identify genes associated with climatic variables along a geographic gradient. The PBSmax analysis identified 25 candidate genes for population‐specific divergence whereas the LFMM analysis identified 73 candidate genes for adaptation to climatic variables along a geographic gradient. However, no common genes were identified by both methods.
Revisiting global diversity and biogeography of freshwater diatoms: New insights from molecular data
Authors: Chonova Teofana , Rimet Frédéric , Bouchez Agnès , Kahlert Maria , Schneider Susanne C. , Bailet Bonnie , Eulin‐Garrigue Anne , Gassiole Gilles , Monnier Olivier , Ouattara Allassane , Rey Stéphanie , Rhoné Mathieu , Keck François 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe distribution of microorganisms has long been assumed to be cosmopolitan and primarily controlled by the environment, but recent studies suggest that microbes may also exhibit strong biogeographical patterns driven by dispersal limitation. Past attempts to study the global biogeography of freshwater diatoms have always encountered the great difficulty of collecting taxonomically harmonized large‐scale data. However, developments in molecular techniques and DNA metabarcoding provide a unique opportunity to overcome these limitations and to disclose diatom biodiversity at an unprecedented scale and resolution. Here, we assembled DNA metabarcoding data of freshwater benthic diatom communities sampled in seven geographic regions across the world to investigate how diatom diversity varies along latitude and to assess the proportion of genetic variants of these microorganisms which are exclusive or shared across regions. We observed significant differences in assemblages among climate zones and found that genetic richness is not affected by latitude, but by an island effect. The genetic resolution directly impacts the proportion of variants shared across regions; however, the majority of taxa remained specific to a single geographic region. Freshwater diatoms disperse over long distances and across oceans but at rates that allow the appearance of local genetic variants and the regionalization of assemblages. Future work should focus on putting these diversity dynamics into a temporal context, an approach that should be possible by bringing together new sequencing techniques and phylogeography.
An Overview of Heterogeneous Transition Metal‐Based Catalysts for Cyclohexene Epoxidation Reaction
Authors: Dong Peng , Shao Tingna , Li Jinlian , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhao Yu , Zhao Xinhong , Li Guixian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCyclohexane epoxide, which contains highly active epoxy groups, plays a crucial role as an intermediate in the preparation of fine chemicals. However, controlling the epoxidation pathway of cyclohexene is challenging due to issues such as the allylic oxidation of cyclohexene and the ring opening of cyclohexane epoxide during the cyclohexene epoxidation process to form cyclohexane oxide. This review focuses on the structure‐activity relationships and synthesis processes of various heterogeneous transition metal‐based catalysts used in cyclohexene epoxidation reactions, including molybdenum(Mo)‐based, tungsten(W)‐based, vanadium(V)‐based, titanium(Ti)‐based, cobalt(Co)‐based, and other catalysts. Initially, the mechanism of cyclohexene epoxidation by transition metal‐based catalysts is examined from the perspective of catalytic active centers. Subsequently, the current research of cyclohexene epoxidation catalysts is summarized based on the perspective of catalyst support. Additionally, the differences between alkyl hydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and oxygen (O2) as oxidants are analyzed. Finally, the main factors influencing catalytic performance are summarized, and reasonable suggestions for catalyst design are proposed. This work provides scientific support for the advancement of the olefin epoxidation industry.
Life history traits of cycad blue butterfly, Luthrodes pandava Horsfield (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) on cycad hosts in an Island ecosystem
Authors: Purti Neelam , Singh Lal Ji , Pandey Arun K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe life history traits (egg, larva, and pupa stage) of the Lycaenidae butterfly, Luthrodes pandava Horsfield (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) observed and trapped on cycad plants are described from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI), India. The diversity of cycad host plants offered as larval food influences fecundity and conservation status. Zamia furfuracea is recorded for the first time as a cycad host plant and seasonal polyphenism in the ANI, India.