bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CREB3L1/OASIS: cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor
Authors: Saito Atsushi , Omura Issei , Imaizumi Kazunori 
Published: January 2024

Cell cycle checkpoints detect DNA errors, eventually arresting the cell cycle to promote DNA repair. Failure of such cell cycle arrest causes aberrant cell proliferation, promoting the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, including cancer. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress transducers activate the unfolded protein response, which not only deals with unfolded proteins in ER lumen but also orchestrates diverse physiological phenomena such as cell differentiation and lipid metabolism. Among ER stress transducers, cyclic AMP‐responsive element‐binding protein 3‐like protein 1 (CREB3L1) [also known as old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS)] is an ER‐resident transmembrane transcription factor. This molecule is cleaved by regulated intramembrane proteolysis, followed by activation as a transcription factor. OASIS is preferentially expressed in specific cells, including astrocytes and osteoblasts, to regulate their differentiation. In accordance with its name, OASIS was originally identified as being upregulated in long‐term‐cultured astrocytes undergoing cell cycle arrest because of replicative stress. In the context of cell cycle regulation, previously unknown physiological roles of OASIS have been discovered. OASIS is activated as a transcription factor in response to DNA damage to induce p21‐mediated cell cycle arrest. Although p21 is directly induced by the master regulator of the cell cycle, p53, no crosstalk occurs between p21 induction by OASIS or p53. Here, we summarize previously unknown cell cycle regulation by ER‐resident transcription factor OASIS, particularly focusing on commonalities and differences in cell cycle arrest between OASIS and p53. This review also mentions tumorigenesis caused by OASIS dysfunctions, and OASIS's potential as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target.
The dark side of social capital: Geographic differences in COVID‐19 preventive behaviors among older adults in South Korea
Authors: Lee Juhyeong , Kim Giyeon 
Published: January 2024

AimThe present study examined whether geographic location (i.e., rural vs. urban areas) moderated the relationship between social capital and COVID‐19 preventive behaviors among older adults in South Korea.MethodsParticipants were a nationally representative sample of 61 075 Korean adults aged 65 years or older from the 2021 Community Health Survey by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The moderation analysis was conducted with PROCESS.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, the moderation analysis showed a significant moderation effect of geographic location on the relationship between social capital and COVID‐19 preventive behaviors among older adults in South Korea. Specifically, in urban areas, older adults with higher social capital were more likely to adhere to COVID‐19 preventive behaviors. However, social capital negatively impacted older adults' COVID‐19 preventive behaviors in rural areas.ConclusionsFindings suggest that social capital is not always helpful for maintaining COVID‐19 preventive behaviors among older adults in South Korea. The social characteristics of geographic location need to be considered when initiating COVID‐19 prevention campaigns in South Korea. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 377–384.
Expansion without mandates: Border and asylum agencies in European Union migration governance
Authors: Moutselos Michalis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) and the European Asylum Support Office (EASO) have experienced increases in available resources and have conducted joint operations with European Union (EU) Member States in recent years. They may be regarded as examples of agencification in border protection and asylum policy, but this paper argues that agencification has proceeded without an expansion in agency mandates. Using Frontex and EASO operations in two Southern European border countries, Cyprus and Greece, as comparative case studies, I show that the two agencies have employed their growing technical, performative, legal and moral resources to legitimize efficient processing of asylum applications in reception centers, and coordinated border protection and more/swifter returns. At the same time, the absence of mandates on final decision‐making has diluted policy accountability and weakened monitoring vis‐à‐vis Member States, with respect to fundamental rights violations and the implementation of EU law. This resource expansion without mandates has allowed EU agencies to resolve long‐standing tensions among Member States and the European Commission in a contested policy area. The analysis has broader implications for the role of agencies in multilevel migration governance.
Compound impact of cognitive and physical decline: A qualitative interview study of people with Parkinson's and cognitive impairment, caregivers and professionals
Authors: Pigott Jennifer S. , Davies Nathan , Chesterman Elizabeth , Read Joy , Nimmons Danielle , Walters Kate , Armstrong Megan , Schrag Anette 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease and is associated with poorer quality of life and increased caregiver distress, but little qualitative information is available on lived experiences of people with Parkinson's who also have cognitive impairment.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the challenges of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's, triangulating the perspectives of people with Parkinson's, caregivers and healthcare professionals.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 11 people with Parkinson's and cognitive impairment, 10 family caregivers and 27 healthcare professionals, using purposive sampling in the United Kingdom (2019–2021). Cognitive impairment was identified by healthcare professionals and required subjective symptoms. Relevant cognitive diagnoses were recorded. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsAn overarching concept of the compound impact of cognitive and physical decline was developed, with six themes. Four themes describe the experience of living with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's: (1) Challenges in Daily Activities, (2) Psychological Impact and (3) Evolving Communication Difficulties together contributing to (4) Social Shift, encompassing a reduction in wider social activities but intensification of close relationships with increased dependence. A fifth theme (5) Living Well describes positive influences on these experiences, encompassing intrinsic motivation, self‐management strategies and supportive relationships. Furthermore, underlying and shaping the whole experience was the sixth theme: (6) Preconceptions about Cognitive Impairment, describing fear and denial of symptoms and poor understanding of the nature of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's, with differences to other dementia pathologies.ConclusionsCognitive impairment superimposed on the existing challenges of Parkinson's has a multifaceted impact and makes living with the condition arduous. Increased understanding of the experiences of this group and employing the identified facilitators for living well may be able to improve patient and caregiver experiences.Patient or Public ContributionTwo people with Parkinson's and cognitive impairment and three caregivers contributed to the study. Between them they contributed throughout the entirety of the project, giving input at conceptualisation as well as advice and review of interview questions, participant information leaflets, recruitment, interpretation of findings and summaries of the project.
Demographics and additional haematologic cancers of patients with histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms
Authors: Kemps Paul G , Kester Lennart , Scheijde‐Vermeulen Marijn A , van Noesel Carel J M , Verdijk Robert M , Diepstra Arjan , van Marion Ariënne M W , Dors Natasja , van den Bos Cor , Bruggink Annette H , Hogendoorn Pancras C W , van Halteren Astrid G S 
Published: January 2024

AimsThe discovery of somatic genetic alterations established many histiocytic disorders as haematologic neoplasms. We aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics and additional haematologic cancers of patients diagnosed with histiocytic disorders in The Netherlands.Methods and resultsWe retrieved data on histiocytosis patients from the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Databank (Palga). During 1993 to 2022, more than 4000 patients with a pathologist‐assigned diagnosis of a histiocytic disorder were registered in Palga. Xanthogranulomas were the most common subtype, challenging the prevailing assumption that Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is the most common histiocytic disorder. LCH and juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) had a peak incidence in the first years of life; males were overrepresented among all histiocytosis subgroups. 118 patients had a histiocytic disorder and an additional haematologic malignancy, including 107 (91%) adults at the time of histiocytosis diagnosis. In 16/118 patients, both entities had been analysed for the same genetic alteration(s). In 11 of these 16 patients, identical genetic alterations had been detected in both haematologic neoplasms. This included two patients with PAX5 p.P80R mutated B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and secondary histiocytic sarcoma, further supporting that PAX5 alterations may predispose (precursor) B cells to differentiate into the myeloid lineage. All 4/11 patients with myeloid neoplasms as their additional haematologic malignancy had shared N/KRAS mutations.ConclusionsThis population‐based study highlights the frequency of xanthogranulomas. Furthermore, our data add to the growing evidence supporting clonal relationships between histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms and additional myeloid or lymphoid malignancies. Particularly adult histiocytosis patients should be carefully evaluated for the development of these associated haematologic cancers.
Perspectives of people with HIV and HIV clinicians on characteristics of antiretroviral treatment and HIV‐related symptoms
Authors: Galindo Puerto M. José , Puig J. , Pérez‐Molina J. A. , Fuster‐Ruiz de Apodaca M. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to assess HIV symptoms from the perspective of both patients and HIV specialists and the impact of discontinuing antiretroviral treatment (ART) on symptomology. We gathered opinions from HIV specialists and people living with HIV about ideal ART parameters and treatment satisfaction.MethodsEx post‐facto cross‐sectional surveys were administered to 502 people living with HIV and 101 HIV clinicians in Spain (18 sites).ResultsThe median age of participants with HIV was 43.2 years, 74.5% were male, and 91.6% had an undetectable viral load. The mean time since initiation of ART was 10.2 years. Between 54% and 67% of people living with HIV reported experiencing nervousness or anxiety, sadness, fatigue, sleep problems, or muscle/joint pain during the preceding 4 weeks. However, only 22%–27% of specialists acknowledged the presence of these symptoms. The most bothersome symptoms were related to mental health or the central nervous system. There were significant differences between the burden of symptoms reported by people living with HIV and those acknowledged by specialists. The symptoms that more frequently caused ART discontinuation were depression, dizziness, and sleep problems. Both people living with HIV and specialists prioritized ART efficacy and low toxicity, but their importance ratings differed for 5 of the 11 ART characteristics assessed. People living with HIV rated their satisfaction with ART at a mean (± standard deviation) of 8.9 ± 1.5 out of 10, whereas HIV specialists rated it lower, at 8.3 ± 0.7 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsDespite advances in HIV care and treatment, a large proportion of patients still experience symptoms. HIV specialists may not be fully aware of these. People living with HIV and HIV specialists are, overall, satisfied with ART. However, the importance they place on different ART characteristics may vary.
Anti‐aging and rejuvenating effects and mechanism of Dead Sea water in skin
Authors: Yan Xiaojuan , Bao Xijun , Cheng Shujun , Ba Qian , Chang Junzhuang , Zhou Kanghui , Yan Xiufang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveExternal environmental stressors and internal factors have a significant impact on the skin, causing inflammation, aging, reduced immunity and other adverse responses. Dead Sea Water (DSW) is well known for its dermatological benefits and has been widely used in dermatological therapy and skin care for conditions such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and photoaging. However, the anti‐aging and rejuvenating effects of DSW and the related biological pathways involved, which have attracted increasing attention, are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti‐aging and rejuvenating effects of DSW and to explore the related potential biological mechanisms of DSW under different environmental conditions.MethodsThe effects of DSW were investigated using in vitro human dermal cells and reconstructed skin models. Extracellular matrix (ECM) components and the morphological changes at the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEJ) in a 3D human skin model were evaluated after DSW treatment. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) analysis of human dermal fibroblast models after DSW treatment was performed to explore the potential mechanisms of action of DSW under normal and UV stress conditions.ResultsThe novel findings in this work present the biological functions of DSW, including procollagen‐1 and elastin secretion, hemidesmosome increase and the epidermal basal cell regeneration. In addition, GO, KEGG and Reactome analyses reveal the activation of pathways related to ion transmembrane transporter activity, ECM component biosynthesis, senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), DNA repair and autophagy, which are associated with the anti‐aging activities of DSW.ConclusionOur work provides new perspectives for understanding the anti‐aging and rejuvenating effects and mechanisms of DSW. The new findings also provide a theoretical basis for the further development of age‐related strategies.
Performance comparison of two automated digital morphology analyzers for leukocyte differential in patients with malignant hematological diseases: Mindray MC‐80 and Sysmex DI‐60
Authors: Ye Xianfei , Fang Lijuan , Chen Yunying , Tong Jixiang , Ning Xiaoni , Feng Lanjun , Xu Yuting , Yang Dagan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe MC‐80 (Mindray, Shenzhen, China), a newly available artificial intelligence (AI)‐based digital morphology analyzer, is the focus of this study. We aim to compare the leukocyte differential performance of the Mindray MC‐80 with that of the Sysmex DI‐60 and the gold standard, manual microscopy.MethodsA total of 100 abnormal peripheral blood (PB) smears were compared across the MC‐80, DI‐60, and manual microscopy. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and efficiency were calculated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP12‐A2 guidelines. Comparisons were made using Bland–Altman analysis and Passing‐Bablok regression analysis. Additionally, within‐run imprecision was evaluated using five samples, each with varying percentages of mature leukocytes and blasts, in accordance with CLSI EP05‐A3 guidelines.ResultsThe within‐run coefficient of variation (%CV) of the MC‐80 for most cell classes in the five samples was lower than that of the DI‐60. Sensitivities for the MC‐80 ranged from 98.2% for nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) to 28.6% for reactive lymphocytes. The DI‐60's sensitivities varied between 100% for basophils and reactive lymphocytes, and 11.1% for metamyelocytes. Both analyzers demonstrated high specificity, negative predictive value, and efficiency, with over 90% for most cell classes. However, the DI‐60 showed relatively lower specificity for lymphocytes (73.2%) and lower efficiency for blasts and lymphocytes (80.1% and 78.6%, respectively) compared with the MC‐80. Bland–Altman analysis indicated that the absolute mean differences (%) ranged from 0.01 to 4.57 in MC‐80 versus manual differential and 0.01 to 3.39 in DI‐60 versus manual differential. After verification by technicians, both analyzers exhibited a very high correlation (r = 0.90–1.00) with the manual differential results in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and blasts.ConclusionsThe Mindray MC‐80 demonstrated good performance for leukocyte differential in PB smears, notably exhibiting higher sensitivity for blasts identification than the DI‐60.
High‐temperature solid‐state reaction between zirconium carbide and iridium: New insights into the phase formation
Authors: Nikiforov Yaroslav A. , Danilovsky Victoria A. , Lozanov Victor V. , Baklanova Natalya I. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe reaction between ZrC and iridium powders was studied in the temperature range of 1000–1600°C. The reaction was stated to start at a temperature as low as 1000°C. The only high‐melting intermetallic phase, ZrIr3, was obtained as a substitutional solid solution ZrIr3±δ. A new analytical approach to relating the composition to the lattice parameter of cubic binary substitutional ZrIr3±δ solid solutions was proposed. This approach is based on comparing the distribution by elemental composition and by lattice parameter in a range of ZrIr3±δ solid solutions. This made it possible to determine the lattice parameter of a stoichiometric ZrIr3 phase, a0 = 3.971(5) Å.
Nurses' and physicians' perspectives on implementation barriers and facilitators in a transfer program for parents of adolescents with chronic illness
Authors: Thomsen Ena Lindhart , Koppelhus Johanne Cecilie , Boisen Kirsten Arntz , Hanghøj Signe , Hansson Helena , Esbensen Bente Appel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo identify barriers and facilitators impacting the implementation of a comprehensive transfer program aimed at parents of adolescents with chronic illness in clinical practice.DesignA real‐time, qualitative process evaluation.MethodsIndividual interviews were conducted with 10 nurses and seven physicians from paediatric and adult outpatient clinics: Nephrology, hepatology, neurology, and rheumatology. Data were analysed through the lens of normalization process theory.ResultsThemes were framed within the theory's four components. (1) Coherence: Healthcare professionals' views on their core tasks and on the parents' role influenced their perception of the program. (2) Cognitive participation: A named key worker, autonomy, and collaboration impacted healthcare professionals' involvement in the program. (3) Collective action: Department prioritization and understanding of the program's aim were key factors in its successful delivery. (4) Reflective monitoring: Participants experienced that the program helped parents during transfer but questioned if the program was needed by all families.ConclusionWe identified three barriers: Healthcare professionals' lack of understanding of the parental role during transfer, top‐down decisions among nurses, and physicians' uncertainty about their role in joint consultations. Facilitators: Healthcare professionals' understanding of the program's purpose and expected effect, the nurses' significant role as named keyworkers, and good collaboration across paediatric and adult departments.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareImplementation strategies should be developed before implementing a transfer program in clinical practice.Impact

Implementing a parental transfer program in clinical practice can be challenging. Therefore, for successful implementation, it is crucial to identify barriers and facilitators.

Barriers and facilitators exist at the personal, professional, and organizational levels, and it is important to understand them.

The results of this qualitative study could support the implementation of transfer programs in other settings.

Reporting MethodConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.What does this paper contribute to the wider global clinical community?

Nurses' and physicians' experiences of ownership of the transfer program is essential for successful implementation.

Clinics should appoint a named keyworker, preferably a nurse, as the driving force during the implementation of a transfer program.

Nurses and physicians should receive training about the purpose, justification, and expected effect of a transfer program before implementation.
The interpretable machine learning model associated with metal mixtures to identify hypertension via EMR mining method
Authors: Xu Site , Sun Mu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere are limited data available regarding the connection between hypertension and heavy metal exposure. The authors intend to establish an interpretable machine learning (ML) model with high efficiency and robustness that identifies hypertension based on heavy metal exposure. Our datasets were obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013–2020.3). The authors developed 5 ML models for hypertension identification by heavy metal exposure, and tested them by 10 discrimination characteristics. Further, the authors chose the optimally performing model after parameter adjustment by Genetic Algorithm (GA) for identification. Finally, in order to visualize the model's ability to make decisions, the authors used SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model‐Agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm to illustrate the features. The study included 19 368 participants in total. A best‐performing eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) with GA for hypertension identification by 16 heavy metals was selected (AUC: 0.774; 95% CI: 0.772–0.776; accuracy: 87.7%). According to SHAP values, Barium (0.02), Cadmium (0.017), Lead (0.017), Antimony (0.008), Tin (0.007), Manganese (0.006), Thallium (0.004), Tungsten (0.004) in urine, and Lead (0.048), Mercury (0.035), Selenium (0.05), Manganese (0.007) in blood positively influenced the model, while Cadmium (−0.001) in urine negatively influenced the model. Study participants' hypertension associated with heavy metal exposure was identified by an efficient, robust, and interpretable GA‐XGB model with SHAP and LIME. Barium, Cadmium, Lead, Antimony, Tin, Manganese, Thallium, Tungsten in urine, and Lead, Mercury, Selenium, Manganese in blood are positively correlated with hypertension, while Cadmium in blood is negatively correlated with hypertension.