bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-delivery of dimeric camptothecin and chlorin e6 via polypeptide-based micelles for chemo-photodynamic synergistic therapy
Authors: Guo Zhaopei , Wong Ka Hong , Li Enze , Zhou Xingzhi , Jiang Di , Gao Jiebing , Chen Meiwan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The integration of photodynamic therapy with a chemical drug-delivery system has displayed great potential in enhancing anticancer therapy. However, the solubility and non-specific biodistribution of both chemotherapeutic agents and photosensitizers continue to pose challenges that hinder their clinical applications.

Method
A polypeptide-based nanoscale drug delivery system was fabricated to address the prementioned issues. An amphiphilic polymer was formed by conjugating the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) onto a polypeptide poly-(L-lysine)-b-polyphenylalanine (PKF) for encapsulating the model drug dimeric camptothecin (DCPT), and the nanoparticles (PCD) with high drug loading efficiency were further modified with acid-sensitive polyethylene glycol (PEG) to yield the drug delivery sytem (PPCD).

Results
The DCPT and Ce6 encapsulation efficiency were analyzed as 99% and 73.5%, respectively. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution at a pH of 7.4, the PEG shell improved the stability of micelles and shielded their positive charge while in the acidic tumor microenvironment, the pH-sensitive PEG layer was removed to expose the cationic nanoparticles, thus facilitating the cellular uptake of PPCD micelles. Benefiting from the enhanced cellular internalization, the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) treated with PCD and PPCD micelles were obviously increased. Furthermore, the enhanced anti-cancer efficacy prompted by PPCD micelles was validated through cellular and animal study.

Conclusion
This study presents a promising method to promote the solubility and biodistribution of both chemotherapeutic agent and photosensitizer, thereby facilitating the further application of chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy.

Graphical Abstract
Cross talk of tumor protein D52 (TPD52) with KLF9, PKCε, and MicroRNA 223 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Khan Khushbukhat , Zafar Sameen , Badshah Yasmin , Ashraf Naeem Mahmood , Rafiq Mehak , Danish Lubna , Shabbir Maria , Trembley Janeen H. , Afsar Tayyaba , Almajwal Ali , Razak Suhail 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gynecologic cancers comprise malignancies in the female reproductive organs. Ovarian cancer ranks sixth in terms of incidence rates while seventh in terms of mortality rates. The stage at which ovarian cancer is diagnosed mainly determines the survival outcomes of patients. Various screening approaches are presently employed for diagnosing ovarian cancer; however, these techniques have low accuracy and are non-specific, resulting in high mortality rates of patients due to this disease. Hence, it is crucial to identify improved screening and diagnostic markers to overcome this cancer. This study aimed to find new biomarkers to facilitate the prognosis and diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Methods
Bioinformatics approaches were used to predict the tertiary structure and cellular localization along with phylogenetic analysis of TPD52. Its molecular interactions were determined through KEGG analysis, and real-time PCR-based expression analysis was performed to assess its co-expression with another oncogenic cellular pathway (miR-223, KLF9, and PKCε) proteins in ovarian cancer.

Results
Bioinformatics analysis depicted the cytoplasmic localization of TPD52 and the high conservation of its coiled-coil domains. Further study revealed that TPD52 mRNA and miRNA-223 expression was elevated, while the expression of KLF 9 and PKCε was reduced in the blood of ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, TPD52 and miR-223 expression were upregulated in the early stages of cancer and non-metastatic cancers.

Conclusion
TPD52, miR-223, PKCε, and KLF9, can be used as a blood based markers for disease prognosis, metastasis, and treatment response. The study outcomes hold great potential to be translated at the clinical level after further validation on larger cohorts.
Effect of genotype on individual response to the pharmacological treatment of glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Scuteri Damiana , Pocobelli Giulio , Sakurada Yoichi , Russo Rossella , Tonin Paolo , Nicotera Pierluigi , Bagetta Giacinto , Corasaniti Maria Tiziana , Nucci Carlo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe social impact of glaucoma is worth of note: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, affecting some 68.56 million people with overall prevalence of 2.4%. Since one of the main risk factors for the development of POAG is the increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) causing retinal ganglion cells death, the medical treatment of POAG consists in the use of drugs endowed with neuroprotective effect and able to reduce IOP. These drugs include beta-blockers, prostaglandin analogues, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, alpha or cholinergic agonists and rho kinase inhibitors. However, not all the patients respond to the same extent to the therapy in terms of efficacy and safety. Genetics and genome wide association studies have highlighted the occurrence of mutations and polymorphisms influencing the predisposition to develop POAG and its phenotype, as well as affecting the response to pharmacological treatment. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims at identifying genetic variants and at verifying whether these can influence the responsiveness of patients to therapy for efficacy and safety. It follows the most updated Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 recommendations. The literature search was conducted consulting the most relevant scientific databases, i.e. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Public Health Genomics and Precision Health Knowledge Base up to June 14th, 2023. The search retrieved 1026 total records, among which eight met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the analysis. The results demonstrated that the most investigated pharmacogenetic associations concern latanoprost and timolol, and that efficacy was studied more in depth than safety. Moreover, the heterogeneity of design and paucity of studies prompt further investigation in randomized clinical trials. In fact, adequately powered and designed pharmacogenetic association studies are needed to provide body of evidence with good certainty for a more appropriate use of medical therapy in POAG.PROSPERO registration: CRD42023434867.
The successful treatment of a Gustilo–Anderson type IIIc distal leg injury with a large bone defect in elderly patient with severe osteoporosis: a case report
Authors: Nozaka Koji , Miyakoshi Naohisa , Mita Motoki , Shimada Yoichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gustilo–Anderson type IIIc tibial open fracture with large bone defects in elderly patients with severe osteoporosis is a rare injury that may be a challenging clinical scenario.

Case presentation
This study presents the case of a 68-year-old Japanese man who sustained a Gustilo–Anderson type IIIc open tibial fracture with a large bone defect. The patient had severe osteoporosis and the bone was contaminated; therefore, we determined that the bone could not be returned to the tibia. The patient underwent acute limb shortening and gradual lengthening with an Ilizarov external fixator combined with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound and teriparatide administration for limb reconstruction, which allowed immediate full weight-bearing capacity. The fixator was removed at 12 months postoperatively, and by this time, the fracture had completely healed. At the most recent 5-year follow-up after the injury, the patient reported full weight-bearing capacity without walking aids and had full knee and ankle range of motion.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the use of combined Ilizarov technique, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, and teriparatide for limb reconstruction of Gustilo–Anderson type IIIc open tibial fractures with large bone defects in elderly patients with severe osteoporosis.
Analysis of metabolites in human gut: illuminating the design of gut-targeted drugs
Authors: Gil-Pichardo Alberto , Sánchez-Ruiz Andrés , Colmenarejo Gonzalo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGut-targeted drugs provide a new drug modality besides that of oral, systemic molecules, that could tap into the growing knowledge of gut metabolites of bacterial or host origin and their involvement in biological processes and health through their interaction with gut targets (bacterial or host, too). Understanding the properties of gut metabolites can provide guidance for the design of gut-targeted drugs. In the present work we analyze a large set of gut metabolites, both shared with serum or present only in gut, and compare them with oral systemic drugs. We find patterns specific for these two subsets of metabolites that could be used to design drugs targeting the gut. In addition, we develop and openly share a Super Learner model to predict gut permanence, in order to aid in the design of molecules with appropriate profiles to remain in the gut, resulting in molecules with putatively reduced secondary effects and better pharmacokinetics.
Battling with the low-resource condition for snore sound recognition: introducing a meta-learning strategy
Authors: Li Jingtan , Sun Mengkai , Zhao Zhonghao , Li Xingcan , Li Gaigai , Wu Chen , Qian Kun , Hu Bin , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Schuller Björn W. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSnoring affects 57 % of men, 40 % of women, and 27 % of children in the USA. Besides, snoring is highly correlated with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), which is characterised by loud and frequent snoring. OSA is also closely associated with various life-threatening diseases such as sudden cardiac arrest and is regarded as a grave medical ailment. Preliminary studies have shown that in the USA, OSA affects over 34 % of men and 14 % of women. In recent years, polysomnography has increasingly been used to diagnose OSA. However, due to its drawbacks such as being time-consuming and costly, intelligent audio analysis of snoring has emerged as an alternative method. Considering the higher demand for identifying the excitation location of snoring in clinical practice, we utilised the Munich-Passau Snore Sound Corpus (MPSSC) snoring database which classifies the snoring excitation location into four categories. Nonetheless, the problem of small samples remains in the MPSSC database due to factors such as privacy concerns and difficulties in accurate labelling. In fact, accurately labelled medical data that can be used for machine learning is often scarce, especially for rare diseases. In view of this, Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML), a small sample method based on meta-learning, is used to classify snore signals with less resources in this work. The experimental results indicate that even when using only the ESC-50 dataset (non-snoring sound signals) as the data for meta-training, we are able to achieve an unweighted average recall of 60.2 % on the test dataset after fine-tuning on just 36 instances of snoring from the development part of the MPSSC dataset. While our results only exceed the baseline by 4.4 %, they still demonstrate that even with fine-tuning on a few instances of snoring, our model can outperform the baseline. This implies that the MAML algorithm can effectively tackle the low-resource problem even with limited data resources.
A modified class of Ostrowski-type inequalities and error bounds of Hermite–Hadamard inequalities
Authors: Vivas-Cortez Miguel , Samraiz Muhammad , Ullah Aman , Iqbal Sajid , Mukhtar Muzammil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to extend the application of the Ostrowski inequality, a crucial tool for figuring out the error bounds of various numerical quadrature rules, including Simpson’s, trapezoidal, and midpoint rules. Specifically, we develop a more comprehensive class of Ostrowski-type inequalities by utilizing the weighted version of Riemann–Liouville (RL) fractional integrals on an increasing function. We apply our findings to estimate the error bounds of Hadamard-type inequalities. Our results are more comprehensive, since we obtain the results of the existing literatures as particular cases for certain parameter values. This research motivates researchers to apply this concept to other fractional operators.
Validation of a lower limb exoskeleton assist device focusing on viscous properties: verification of assist effectiveness by measuring muscle activity
Authors: Shimoda Yusuke , Sugino Tomotaka , Okui Manabu , Nishihama Rie , Nakamura Taro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBecause exoskeletal assistive devices are worn directly by a person, enhancing cooperation is important. However, existing assistive devices have problems in terms of their cooperation with human behaviors. This is because existing assistive devices are driven by estimating the wearer’s movement intention based on predetermined movement time and device angle information. Although these methods are expected to work as expected, in practice, it is difficult to achieve the expected behavior. Therefore, an assistance method is required to reduce such misalignment with time and misalignment between the device and wearer. Therefore, this study focused on the viscoelastic properties that generate force in response to movement and are expected to enhance coordination. In a previous study, the authors confirmed the effects of viscoelastic properties or an assistive device with variable stiffness. However, viscous characteristics during movement have not been considered. In this study, we aimed to improve the coordination by focusing on the viscous characteristics. The viscous torque outputs in response to the angular velocity are expected to be driven in response to actual human motion. In this study, the viscous torque was calculated as the product of the command viscosity coefficient and the joint angular velocity and was applied to a lower-limb exoskeleton-type assist device equipped with a magneto-viscous fluid brake and a planetary gear mechanism. In addition, a viscous command that changes the torque according to speed (proposed method), a time command that changes the output value according to the passage of time, and an angle command that changes the command value according to the angle information of the device were applied to the assist device, and surface EMG measurements and command signals were compared. The target movement was a seated movement, and the left and right vastus medialis and semimembranosus muscles were measured. More than half of the subjects showed a decrease in myopotential for five subjects for all three command methods, confirming the effectiveness of the viscous command.
Oral isolation of Geotrichum silvicola with Geotrichum candidum from immunocompetent teenager with oral Geotrichosis signs: the first documented case report
Authors: Abed Ahmed Badri , Korcan Safiye Elif , Titiz Serap , Güngör Serdar , Gelgör Ibrahim Erhan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Oral geotrichosis is an infection caused by Geotrichum species. It is an uncommon opportunistic oral fungal infection caused mainly by Geotrichum candidum and rarely found in immunocompetent hosts. This report attempted to highlight a case of unusual geotrichosis, which requires accurate observation, as well as indicate the appropriate diagnostic methods that may contribute to eliminating the misdiagnosis of this fungal infection.

Case presentation
We report of unusual isolation of Geotrichum silvicola and Geotrichum candidum from the oral cavity of a 15-year-old immunocompetent female with a sign of oral geotrichosis. The isolation of Geotrichum silvicola and Geotrichum candidum was performed using Mitis Salivarius Agar. After a month of prescribing appropriate medication and improving oral hygiene, the patient showed the absence of all the signs of geotrichosis without any complaints and an improvement in overall oral health.

Conclusions
The isolation of Geotrichum silvicola and Geotrichum candidum from the oral cavity of an immunocompetent patient is considered an unusual and rare case that documented for the first time.
Optimization for biohydrogen purification process by chemical absorption techniques
Authors: Chusut Wichayaporn , Kanchanasuta Suwimon , Inthorn Duangrat 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPalm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol, which are characterized by their highly biodegradable organic content and nutrient-rich composition, are attractive ingredients for biohydrogen production. In this experiment, we investigated (1) how to produce hydrogen more effectively by co-fermenting palm oil decanter cake and crude glycerol and (2) how to improve the quality of the hydrogen gas produced via chemical absorption technology. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, the co-fermentation was conducted with a fixed decanter cake concentration of 1% total solids (TS) w/v and variable crude glycerol concentrations (0.25–2.0% w/v). The results showed that maximum biohydrogen production was achieved with 2.0% w/v crude glycerol, which had a hydrogen yield of 131 L kg−1 TSadded and a hydrogen productivity of 1310 mL L−1 d−1. In the second part of the experiment, biohydrogen purification was conducted using the chemical absorption technique by varying four different alkaline solutions: mono ethanolamine (MEA), ammonia (NH3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The highest hydrogen purity of 98.9% v/v was reached with the MEA solution at a 5 M concentration and a 280 mL min−1 feed mixed gas flow rate for an absorption time of 5 min. However, to achieve sustainable waste management in palm oil mill plants, the feasibility of integrating the biohydrogen production process with palm oil mill effluent from the biogas plants and applying a hydrogen gas quality improvement system need to be investigated further.
The effects of statin therapy on aneurysm size, growth rate, and matrix metalloproteinases-9 levels in patients with aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pramana Ketut Angga Aditya Putra , Pintaningrum Yusra , Rahmat Basuki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Aortic aneurysm enlargement over time causes rupture, which frequently results in death. The family of proteases known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) is assumed to be proteolytic activity involved in the growth of aortic aneurysms. Statins are pleiotropic lipid-lowering medications with anti-inflammatory action. Statins can lower aneurysmal enlargement and MMP secretion, according to a number of studies, however the evidence is still up for debate. The purpose of this study is to assess how statins affect aortic aneurysm patient's aneurysm diameter size, growth rate, and MMP-9 levels.

Methods
From January 2000 to December 2022, electronic journal searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane were conducted to discover papers evaluating the effects of statin treatment in patients with aortic aneurysm. Aneurysm diameter size, growth rate, and MMP-9 levels were the outcomes we were looking for. Meta-analyses were run on the included studies, and mean differences (MD) and 95% CIs were calculated with Review Manager v5.4.

Results
Our analysis includes a total of ten research. Statin medication substantially reduced aneurysm diameter size by 0.30 mm (P = 0.04; MD − 0.30; 95% CI − 0.58 to − 0.01) and growth rate by 0.34 mm/year (P < 0.00001; MD − 0.34; 95% CI − 0.40 to − 0.29) compared to placebo. There was no significant change in MMP-9 concentrations between individuals with aortic aneurysm who took a statin and those who did not.

Conclusion
Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrates that statin medication is considerably helpful in reducing aneurysm diameter size and aneurysmal growth rate in individuals with aortic aneurysm.
Bone marrow transplantation/non-bone marrow transplantation gap: to what extent does it exist in the Egyptian children with acquired aplastic anemia? Retrospective descriptive study
Authors: Abdallah Abd El Megied Mohamed , Afifi Rasha Abdel-Raouf Abdel-Aziz , Ali Howida Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is not always feasible in resources-limited countries for treatment of acquired aplastic anemia (AA); accordingly, an alternative and acceptable non-BMT is required to avoid missing many cases who are liable to die while waiting for BMT. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of the gap between BMT and non-BMT in Egypt. The resolution and survival outcomes of BMT versus non-BMT therapy (isolated IST, combined IST & Eltrombopag (EPAG) (double therapy) and combined IST and EPAG and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) (triple therapy)) were evaluated.

Methods
Medical records were reviewed for epidemiological and clinical data, as well as response to BMT and non-BMT used. Sixty patients with acquired AA were involved. BMT was performed in 18 patients, while non-BMT was performed in 42 patients.

Results
Resolution occurred in 13/18 (72.2%) patients treated with BMT, 5/14 (35.7%) isolated IST, 10/12 (83.3%) combined IST-EPAG, and 12/16 (75%) triple ATG-IST-EPAG with an overall resolution occurring in 27/42 (64.2%). The percentage of survivors in those treated with BMT was 72.2%, isolated IST 5/14 (35.7%), double therapy 10/12 (83.3%), and triple therapy 10/16 (62.5%) with an overall survivor occurring in 25/42 (59.5%). Despite the lack of a statistically significant correlation, it was found that patients who received BMT had 1.769 times higher survival rates than those who received non-BMT.

Conclusion
In Egypt, BMT is the ideal therapy for acquired AA with acceptable results for non-BMT regarding resolution and survival. Double therapy is the best modality of non-BMT regarding resolution and survival. Accordingly, it is recommended to be initiated in case of unavailable matched donor.
Impaired Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones Is Associated With Decreased Vitamin D Levels in the Euthyroid Population
Authors: Li Yuanmeng , Sun Juan , Jiao Yang , Li Naishi , Zhao Weigang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context
The relationship between vitamin D and thyroid profiles lacks consensus despite extensive investigations. Whether vitamin D levels correlate with thyroid hormone sensitivity remains largely unexplored.

Objective
To explore the relationship between vitamin D levels and thyroid hormone sensitivity among euthyroid individuals.

Methods
This study involved 6452 euthyroid participants. Clinical parameters, including TSH, free thyroxine, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and other relevant indicators were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2012. To quantify thyroid hormone sensitivity, we calculated the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), the TSH index (TSHI), and the thyrotropin thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI).

Results
Subjects with impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity have decreased 25(OH)D levels (TFQI, TT4RI: P &lt; 0.05; TSHI: P = .05574) following adjustment of confounding variables. Age-specific analysis found negative correlations between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and 25(OH)D within the 20 to 60 years subgroup, turning positive in the 60 to 80 years subgroup. In females, thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and vitamin D levels were negatively linked, while in males, vitamin D's relationships with TFQI, TT4RI, and TSHI shifted from negative to positive when 25(OH)D levels exceeded 63.5 nmol/L, 56.7 nmol/L, and 56.7 nmol/L, respectively. Stratification by race revealed U-shaped curvilinear patterns resembling those found in the males. In body mass index (BMI) subanalysis, vitamin D had differing associations with thyroid hormone sensitivity indices: negative in the &lt;25 kg/m2 and ≥30 kg/m2 subgroups and U-shaped in the 25-30 kg/m2 subgroup.

Conclusion
Impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity correlates with decreased vitamin D levels among euthyroid subjects, with associations varying by age, sex, race, and BMI.