bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation on the Management of Thoracoabdominal Tumors during Heavy Ion Therapy
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhao Wenxue , Tang Yutian , Wang Fang , Ye Yancheng , Zhang Yanshan , Peng Xiaojing , Yang Wenyuan , Sun Yanqing , Sun Yunfei , Niu Limei , Wang Yanzhi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and feasibility of the high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) technique for the management of thoracoabdominal malignancies in patients undergoing heavy ion therapy.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 20 patients with thoracoabdominal malignant tumors treated with heavy ion therapy under the control of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation at Gansu Province Wuwei Cancer Hospital was conducted from January 2023 to July 2023. Patient's general conditions, respiratory motion, and other indicators were analyzed and compared before, during, and after the treatment to determine the value of utilizing high-frequency oscillatory ventilation for managing thoracoabdominal malignancies in patients undergoing heavy ion therapy.
Results
Primary or secondary lung malignancies were the most common, followed by pancreatic malignancies. There was no significant difference in heart rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, or tcpCO2 values before, during, or after treatment (P > 0.05). High-frequency oscillatory ventilation improved the patient's tcpO2 values (P = 0.000). The lung respiratory motion under high-frequency oscillatory ventilation was 1.42 ± 0.41 mm, which was significantly lower than that in the autonomous respiration state (P = 0.000), and there were no occurrences of "missed targeting" during radiotherapy. During the treatment process, one case each of hypertension and hypercapnia was observed, and two patients experienced nausea and vomiting after extubation. Follow-up examinations of all 20 patients revealed no cases of radiation pneumonitis, and repeat CT scans indicated a partial response in all cases, with an average hospitalization time of 25.40 ± 11.05 days.
Conclusion
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation enables thoracoabdominal tumor patients to receive higher doses of precise heavy ion therapy, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy. This approach is safe, causes fewer complications, and reduces hospitalization time.
Normative Measurements of Orbital Structures on Magnetic Resonance Images; A Cross-sectional Study with Mini Review of the Literature
Authors: Kızılgöz Volkan , Aydın Sonay , Aydemir Hüseyin , Kantarcı Mecit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Awareness of normative values of extra orbital structures would provide useful information to interpret the radiological images better and use them for diagnostic purposes. This study aimed to reveal the average values of major extraocular structures measured on magnetic resonance images.
Methods
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, magnetic resonance (MR) images of 256 orbits of 128 patients were re-interpreted regarding the measurements of major orbital structures. Extraocular muscles, superior ophthalmic vein, and optic nerve-sheath complex were measured on orbital MR images of these patients. The data distributions were presented by box-plot analyses for each parameter, and the measurement results were analyzed regarding sex and age groups.
Results
Lateral rectus muscle thickness (LR), inferior rectus muscle thickness (IR), globe position (GP), and interzygomatic line (IZL) values were higher in the male group than in the female group (p values were <0.001, 0.003, 0.020, and <0.001 respectively). LR, the thickness of the superior group muscles (SUP GR), IR, superior oblique muscle thickness (SOBL), and the thickness of optic nerve-sheath complex (ON) values indicated a significant relationship between age groups. There was a significant, positive, and low-level correlation between age and LR, SUP GR, and IR values (p values were <0.001, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively).
Conclusion
This study provides quantitative data on normative values of orbital structures with gender and age group comparisons. Clinicians or surgeons can easily use the measured values to gather diagnostic information from the orbital region.
Evidence from Temperature Analog for Traditional and Economic Cities in Nigeria: Implications for Sustainable City-Related Actions
Authors: Asonibare Femi Oluwatosin , Umaru Emmanuel Tanko , Adesina Francis , Adenle Ademola Andrew , Okhimamhe A.A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Responding to the threats of climate change by cities requires taking relevant actions that will communicate the future conditions in a relatable and effective manner for sustainable and transformational climate actions. We used the analog approach to assess the geographical shifts and changes in average temperature conditions for six traditional and economic cities under different climate scenarios (Mitigated and Unmitigated scenarios). We calculated the similarity in temperature between each pixel for the current (2021-2050) and future (2041-2070) conditions of the cities, with every pixel globally in the historical (1971-200) period. Our analysis revealed that; (1) the temperature of the cities in the current and future periods will be similar to conditions of another place on the globe during the historical period; (2) Kano City will experience even more drastic changes because of the low level of similarity; (3) the new places found with the similar temperature conditions are generally to the south of the corresponding cities thus indicating warming. We highlighted the benefits of sustainable lessons that can be drawn from the interactions between the cities and their analogs through informed decisions to meet the demand for local adaptation and adopt comprehensive suites of integrated solutions to facilitate efforts on response strategies.
Using Water and Wastewater Decentralization to Enhance the Resiliency and Sustainability of Cities
Authors: Baserba Manel Garrido , Sedlak David , Barnosell Irene , Molinos-Senante Maria , Schraa Oliver , Rosso Diego , Verdaguer Marta , Poch Manel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The imperative to make energy and resource consumption more sustainable is prompting a critical reconsideration of all human endeavors. Within urban water management, the drive to enhance sustainability is grounded in the recognition that water services consume a substantial amount of energy and that wastewater contains valuable resources, including water, heat, organic matter, and essential plant nutrients. To make urban water systems more sustainable, a paradigm shift is needed. Among the proposed strategies, source separation coupled with anaerobic co-digestion appears to be an effective means of recovering energy, water, and nutrients. Because existing centralized infrastructure that serves tens to hundreds of thousands of people is difficult to alter, and the technologies needed to realize this strategy are difficult to implement in single-family homes, we consider the scale of a city block. Using a quantitative model of unit processes that simulate energy, water, and nutrient flows, we consider the technical and economic feasibility of a representative decentralized system, as well as its environmental impacts. To realize potential synergies associated with on-site use of the recovered resources, we complement the decentralized water system with vertical farming, photovoltaic energy generation, and rainwater harvesting. Our analysis suggests that decentralized water systems can serve as a cornerstone of efforts to enhance resource efficiency and improve the resilience of cities.
Development and validation of interpretable Bayes machine learning model for risk adjustment of general outcome indicators: An example from Urology
Authors: Koh Jia Wei , Gasevic Dragan , Rankin David , Heritier Stephane , Frydenberg Mark , Talic Stella 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: Outcome quality indicators (QIs) are often used to measure quality of care, particularly when disease-specific QIs are underdeveloped, an example being urological interventions. Without risk-adjustment, outcome QIs cannot be used for feedback and benchmarking. Administrative data captures multiplediseases and risk factors at a population level and may be a valuable resource in developing risk-adjusted QIs for quality improvement. The aim of the current study was to employ novel variational Bayes to risk adjust outcome QIs, explain how predictors affect outcome QIs, and detect outliers by using large administrative data sets in urological disease.
Methods: The study included all urological admissions in Victoria, Australia from 2009 – 2019. The model used demographic variables, procedure, and diagnosis codes to predict common outcome QIs: length of stay (LOS) and hospital acquired complication (HACs) rate. Bayesian zero-inflated binomial regression was used to predict and explain the QIs. For comparison, we tested it against two models, LASSO, and random forest on a test dataset and an external dataset. The model’s ability to detect meaningful outliers was also reported.
Findings: There were 108,453 urological patients, totalling 239,067 admissions. When tested both the test and external dataset, The Bayesian model was on par with random forest and better at predicting LOS and HACs when compared to LASSO. We found that age and emergency admissions, were more likely to be attributed to longer LOS and HACs. We also found that blood and platelet transfusions were likely to result in longer LOS and HACs and demonstrated how the model can be utilised for outlier detection.
Interpretation: Our model provides a useful tool that explain parameters and uncertainty estimates of patient factors that drive higher LOS and HACs, while maintaining accurate predictions of outcomes when compared to other contemporary models, facilitating risk-adjustment.
Retrieval-induced forgetting in major depressive disorder with exploration of smoking habits and mindfulness
Authors: Sterkaj Fiorentina , Sheehan Gabrielle , Groome David , Morgan Kevin , Edginton Trudi , Fu Cynthia H.Y. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with impairments in neuropsychological functioning. A key mechanism in memory retrieval is the process of inhibiting information that is not relevant to the specific memory, termed retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). In MDD, attenuated RIF has been observed, in which related memories are not suppressed. The effect is proposed to be mediated by inhibitory functions, and associations with rumination have been observed. Whether the neuropsychological functions of verbal learning capacity and capacity for mindfulness are associated with RIF has not been examined.
Methods: Participants were 65 MDD (mean age 46.4 years) and 65 healthy controls (mean age 42.4 year). Participants completed a RIF task and measures in depressive severity, verbal learning, mindfulness and rumination.
Results: MDD participants demonstrated significant attenuation in RIF in comparison with healthy participants. Verbal learning and mindfulness were positively correlated with RIF, while increased depressive severity and rumination further attenuated RIF in MDD.
Conclusions: Attenuated RIF is evident in MDD which is further attenuated by increasing depressive severity and rumination, while verbal learning ability and capacity for mindfulness were associated with restored RIF. These findings support clinical interventions which promote a state of relaxed self-awareness in MDD.
The Effect of Blanking Clearances on Side Profiles of Blanked Parts in Micro Blanking
Authors: Yang Junfeng , Yu Zuyuan , Liu Yunhao , Zheng Jipeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Similar to conventional blanking, there are some characteristics, such as rollover, burnish and fracture, on the sides of micro blanked parts. Heights of rollover and fracture vary with the variation of blanking clearance. This paper attempts to reveal the formation of rollover and fracture on the sides of the blanked part made of 3J21 alloy (with strength more than 1900MPa and high elasticity). The effect of blanking clearance on the heights of rollover and fracture of blanked part is studied using the finite element method (FEM). The relationship among stress triaxiality, Lode parameter and equivalent plastic strain to fracture is obtained at different blanking clearances. Based on experimental data, an uncoupling fracture criterion is used to describe the influence of blanking clearances on the fracture height of micro blanked part. The similar method is verified by analyzing the formation of rollover and fracture on brass blanked parts theoretically and experimentally. Therefore, the analysis method proposed in this paper is available to optimize machining parameters of micro blanking to achieve the desired quality of micro blanked part.
New proposals for coupling cavitation models with laminar/turbulent transition models: application to a cavitation sheet over a NACA 16 012
Authors: Decaix Jean 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since 1970s, several experimental works revealed that the cavitation sheet inception does not occur at the minimum pressure location but further downstream at the location of a laminar/turbulent transition. Most of the cavitation models used the saturation vapour pressure as a threshold to initiate the production of vapour and therefore, are not able to capture such flows. In this paper, three modifications of the Schnerr & Sauer cavitation model are proposed and coupled with an algebraic laminar/turbulent transition model. Application to a NACA 16 012 profile shows the ability of the modifications to move the cavitation inception at the right location compared to the experiment. One on them based on the multiplication of the evaporation term by the square of the turbulent intensity seems promising.
Physiological mechanism of contrasting rice genotypes response to salt stress
Authors: Xu Yunming , Bu Weicheng , Xu Yuchao , Fei Han , Zhu Yiming , Ahmad Irshad , Zhou Guisheng , Nimir Nimir Eltyb Ahmed , Zhu Guanglong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Salinity is one of the major constraints to rice production. Salt sensitive and tolerant rice genotypes response large difference to salt stress. However, the physiological mechanism is still unclearly.
Methods
This study aimed to elucidate the physiological mechanism of contrasting rice genotypes response to salt stress. Six contrasting rice genotypes including three salt-tolerant (DJWJ, JFX, NSIC) and three salt-sensitive rice genotypes (HKN, XD2H, HHZ) were grown under two different salt concentrations (0 and 100 mmol NaCl solution) in green house. The salt stress was treated at tillering stage for 7 days.
Results
The results showed that growth, physiological traits and yield formation of both salt sensitive and tolerant rice were significant affected by salt stress. In general, plant height, tiller number, dry weight and relative growth rate showed 15.7%, 11.2%, 25.2% and 24.6% more reduction in salt-sensitive rice than that in salt-tolerant rice, respectively. On the contrary, antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, POD, CAT) and osmotic adjustment substances (soluble protein, MDA) significant increased under salt stress, and the increase was far higher in salt-tolerant rice except MDA. Furthermore, grain yield and yield components significant decreased under salt stress. Overall, the salt-sensitive rice genotypes showed 15.3% more reduction in grain yield, 5.1% in spikelets per panicle, 7.4% in grain filling percentage and 6.1% in grain weight than salt-tolerant genotypes under salt stress. However, a modest gap showed in panicles (22.2% vs 22.8%) and total spikelets (45.4% vs 42.1%) decline between salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice under salinity condition.
Conclusion
This study revealed that the yield advantage of salt-tolerant rice was partially caused by more biomass accumulation, growth rate and strong antioxidant capacity and osmotic adjustment ability under salt stress, which contributed to a big panicle (more spikelets per panicle), high grain filling percentage and grain weight. The results of this study could be helpful to understand the physiological mechanism of contrasting rice genotypes response to salt stress and to be breeding of salt-tolerant rice.
Prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factors among adult glaucoma patients attending University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Birhan Getenet Shumet , Eticha Biruk Lelisa , Belete Gizachew Tilahun , Ayele Fisseha Admassu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic degenerative neuropathy characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells. It poses a significant public health concern as it is the second leading cause of blindness after cataract, and this blindness is irreversible.
Objectives
To assess the prevalence of visual impairment and its associated factor among adult glaucoma patients attending University Gondar, Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.
Methods and materials:
Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 423 glaucoma patients selected by systematic random sampling technique from May 15 – June 30, 2022 at University Gondar, Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center. Data was collected through a face to face interview using a pretested structured questionnaire and medical chart review. The descriptive analysis was summarized by frequency, percent and summary statistics. Binary logistic regression was fitted and variables which had P value of < 0.05 in the multivariable model were considered as statistically significantly associated.
Results
The study found 77.6% (95% CI: 74.2%-82.9%) visual impairment among adult glaucomatous participants. Female sex (AOR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.18–3.48), rural residence (AOR = 2.45 95% CI: 1.91–3.33), primary open angle glaucoma (AOR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.35–2.97), advanced stage of glaucoma (AOR = 2.54, 95%CI: 1.05–6.17), and longer duration of diagnosis (AOR = 3.89, 95%CI: 2.29–6.58) had statistically significant association with visual impairment among adult patients with glaucoma.
Conclusion and recommendation:
Visual impairment is found to be significantly higher among adult glaucoma patients attending University of Gondar, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center. Female sex, rural residence, primary open angle glaucoma, advanced stage of glaucoma, and longer duration of diagnosis had statistically significant association with visual impairment among adult glaucoma patients. Early detection and management of glaucoma is vital to reduce glaucoma related visual disability meaningfully.
SARS-CoV-2 Incidence Monitoring and Statistical Estimation of the Basic and Time-Varying Reproduction Number at the Early Onset of the Pandemic in 45 Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Oduro Michael Safo , Arhin-Donkor Seth , Asiedu Louis , Kadengye Damazo T. , Iddi Samuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The world battled to defeat a novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19), a respiratory illness that is transmitted from person to person through contacts with droplets from infected persons. Despite efforts to disseminate preventable messages and adoption of mitigations strategies by governments and the World Health Organization (WHO), transmission spread globally. An accurate assessment of the transmissibility of the coronavirus remained a public health priority for many countries across the world to fight this pandemic, especially at the early onset.
Methods: In this paper, we estimated the transmission potential of COVID-19 across 45 countries in sub-Saharan Africa using three approaches, namely, R 0 based on (i) an exponential growth model (ii) maximum likelihood (ML) estimation and (iii) a time-varying basic reproduction number at the early onset of the pandemic.
Results: Using data from March 9, 2020, to May 10, 2020, sub-Saharan African countries were still grappling with COVID-19 at that point in the pandemic. The region’s basic reproduction number (R0) was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.767 to 2.026) using the growth model and 1.513 (95% CI: 1.491 to 1.535) with the maximum likelihood method, indicating that, on average, infected individuals transmitted the virus to less than two secondary persons. Several countries, including Sudan (R0 : 2.03), Ghana (R0:1.87), and Somalia (R0 : 1.85), exhibited high transmission rates.
Conclusion: These findings highlighted the need for continued vigilance and the implementation of effective control measures to combat the pandemic in the region. It is anticipated that the findings in this study would not only function as a historical record of reproduction numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic in African countries, but can serve as a blueprint for addressing future pandemics of a similar nature.
The effects of paroxetine-induced transient apoptosis and brain remodeling on social behavior in developing zebrafish
Authors: Sato Tomomi , Saito Kaito , Oyu Tsubasa , Tsuda Sachiko , Kurisaki Tomohiro , Kajihara Takeshi , Nagashima Masabumi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by various genetic and environmental factors. This disorder has the cardinal symptoms including impaired social behavior involving the amygdala. Antidepressants such as paroxetine in early pregnancy increase the risk of ASD in offspring. However, a comprehensive picture of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that early exposure of zebrafish embryos to paroxetine suppresses neurogenesis in the optic tectum and the dorsal telencephalon which corresponds to the human amygdala. Paroxetine-treated embryos exhibit impaired growth, with small heads and short body lengths resulting from transient apoptosis. This is reminiscent of the early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) associated with ASD. Interestingly, the suppressed neurogenesis in the small heads was found to be restored after the cessation of paroxetine. This was accompanied by extended retinotectal projections, suggesting brain-preferential remodeling. Finally, the paroxetine-treated fish exhibited impaired social behavior, further supporting the correspondence with ASD. Our findings offer new insights into the early neurodevelopmental etiology of ASD.