bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroacupuncture promotes synaptic plasticity in rats with chronic inflammatory pain–related depression by upregulating BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Pu , Chen Haiyan , Wang Tian , Su Hong , Li Jing , He Yujun , Su Shengyong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic inflammatory pain (CIP) frequently coincides with depression among patients. The onset and development of pain and depression are associated with altered neural synaptic plasticity. Electroacupuncture (EA) can effectively relieve CIP and depression. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully illustrated.ObjectiveTo explore whether EA can relieve CIP and depression by regulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and the present study offers foundational evidence for the efficacy of EA in treating CIP‐related depression (CIPD).MethodsRats were divided into four groups: 0.9% normal saline group, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) group, CFA + duloxetine group, and CFA + EA group. Pain hypersensitivity was detected by mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal paw withdrawal latency, and the depression level was gauged using the open field test, the sucrose preference test, and the forced swimming test. The morphology of the hippocampal neurons was observed using Nissl staining. The protein expression levels of synuclein (Syn), postsynaptic density protein‐95 (PSD‐95), brain‐derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs), tyrosine‐protein kinase B (TrKB), p‐TrkB, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and p‐CREB were measured by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. BDNF and TrkB mRNA expression were detected using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (qRT‐PCR). The content of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) was detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and the glutamic acid (Glu) content was determined using the ultraviolet colorimetry method. The hippocampal neuron ultrastructure was observed using transmission electron microscopy.ResultsEA could alleviate CIP and related depressive behaviors as well as protect the hippocampal neuronal structure from damage and regulate 5‐HT/GABA/Glu levels in the hippocampus. Additionally, EA could significantly increase the expression of synapse‐associated proteins such as PSD‐95 and Syn by activating the BDNF/TrKB/CREB signaling pathway.ConclusionEA improves pain and depressive behaviors in CIPD rats, and the mechanism may be related to synaptic plasticity mediated by the BDNF/TrKB/CREB signaling pathway.
Adipose‐derived stem cells enriched with therapeutic mRNA TGF‐β3 and IL‐10 synergistically promote scar‐less wound healing in preclinical models
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Liang , Zhang Yuxin , Wang Heng , Dong Dong , Zhu Jingjing , Fu Wei , Liu Tianyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSkin wound healing often leads to scar formation, presenting physical and psychological challenges for patients. Advancements in messenger RNA (mRNA) modifications offer a potential solution for pulsatile cytokine delivery to create a favorable wound‐healing microenvironment, thereby preventing cutaneous fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) enriched with N1‐methylpseudouridine (m1ψ) modified transforming growth factor‐β3 (TGF‐β3) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) mRNA in promoting scar‐free healing in preclinical models. The results demonstrated that the modified mRNA (modRNA)‐loaded hADSCs efficiently and temporarily secreted TGF‐β3 and IL‐10 proteins. In a dorsal injury model, hADSCs loaded with modRNA TGF‐β3 and IL‐10 exhibited multidimensional therapeutic effects, including improved collagen deposition, extracellular matrix organization, and neovascularization. In vitro experiments confirmed the ability of these cells to markedly inhibit the proliferation and migration of keloid fibroblasts, and reverse the myofibroblast phenotype. Finally, collagen degradation mediated by matrix metalloproteinase upregulation was observed in an ex vivo keloid explant culture model. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of the modRNA TGF‐β3, IL‐10, and hADSCs hold promise for establishing a scar‐free wound‐healing microenvironment, representing a robust foundation for the management of wounds in populations susceptible to scar formation.
“Clinical trials are space travel”: Factors of psychological response to recurrence among oncologists enrolling patients in treatment optimization trials
Authors: Henderson Nicole Lynn , Andrews Courtney , Ingram Stacey A. , Zubkoff Lisa , Tung Nadine , Wagner Lynne I. , Wallner Lauren P. , Wolff Antonio , Rocque Gabrielle B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer recurrence after treatment is a concern for patients and oncologists alike. The movement towards treatment optimization, with trials testing less than the current standard of care (SoC), complicates this experience. Our objective was to assess oncologists' psychological response to patient recurrence on optimization‐focused trials and identify factors that influence those experiences.MethodsClinical oncologists participated in a semi‐structured interview regarding patient enrollment in treatment optimization trials. We identified factors that influence the degree of psychological response that the oncologist may feel after patient recurrence. Residual agreement analysis was used to identify whether differences in reported psychological response was associated with alternative emphases on identified factors.ResultsThirty‐six oncologists identified 20 factors spanning five major themes that affected their psychological response to patient recurrence. All oncologists expressed willingness to enroll patients in treatment optimization clinical trials; however, half indicated that they were more likely to experience a negative psychological response after a treatment optimization trial than after a traditional intensification trial, and a quarter reported that patient recurrence on an optimization trial would impact their recommendations for future trial enrollment. Oncologists who reported more negative psychological responses to patient recurrence after participation in an optimization trial were more likely to emphasize introspective factors, while those who reported no difference in response emphasized patient‐ and process‐focused factors.ConclusionsAlthough most oncologists recognize the importance of treatment optimization trials, a significant proportion indicated a greater potential for psychological distress following patient recurrence in such trials and offered insight into how trial design and the process of patient enrollment can be improved to minimize those negative psychological responses.
Environmentally Friendly Degradation and Detoxification of Rifampicin by a Bacterial Laccase and Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Durão Paulo , Kis Peter , Chelo Ivo M. , Ventura M. Rita , Martins Lígia O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntibiotics are micropollutants accumulating in our rivers and wastewaters, potentially leading to bacterial antibiotic resistance, a worldwide problem to which there is no current solution. Here, we have developed an environmentally friendly two‐step process to transform the antibiotic rifampicin (RIF) into non‐antimicrobial compounds. The process involves an enzymatic oxidation step by the bacterial CotA‐laccase and a hydrogen peroxide bleaching step. NMR identified rifampicin quinone as the main product of the enzymatic oxidation. Growth of Escherichia coli strains in the presence of final degradation products (FP) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurements confirmed that FP are non‐anti‐microbial compounds, and bioassays suggest that FP is not toxic to eukaryotic organisms. Moreover, competitive fitness assays between susceptible and RIF‐resistant bacteria show that susceptible bacteria is strongly favoured in the presence of FP. Our results show that we have developed a robust and environmentally friendly process to effectively remediate rifampicin from antibiotic contaminated environments.
Integrin Facilitates the Internalization of TAT Peptide Conjugated to RGD Motif in Model Lipid Membranes
Authors: Ciobanasu Corina , Pernier Julien , Le Clainche Christophe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, targeted drug delivery has attracted a great interest for enhanced therapeutic efficiency, with diminished side effects, especially in cancer therapy. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) like HIV1−TAT peptides, appear to be the perfect vectors for translocating drugs or other cargoes across the plasma membrane, but their application is limited mostly due to insufficient specificity for intended targets. Although these molecules were successfully used, the mechanism by which the peptides enter the cell interior still needs to be clarified. The tripeptide motif RGD (arginine−glycine−aspartate), found in extracellular matrix proteins has high affinity for integrin receptors overexpressed in cancer and it is involved in different phases of disease progression, including proliferation, invasion and migration. Discovery of new peptides with high binding affinity for disease receptors and permeability of plasma membranes is desirable for both, development of targeted drug delivery systems and early detection and diagnosis. To complement the TAT peptide with specific targeting ability, we conjugated it with an integrin‐binding RGD motif. Although the idea of RGD−CPPs conjugates is not entirely new,[1] here we describe the permeability abilities and specificity of integrin receptors of RGD−TAT peptides in model membranes. Our findings reveal that this novel RGD sequence based on TAT peptide maintains its ability to permeate lipid membranes and exhibits specificity for integrin receptors embedded in giant unilamellar vesicles. This promising outcome suggests that the RGD−TAT peptide has significant potential for applications in the field of targeted drug delivery systems.
Early detection of idiopathic thoracic ventral spinal cord herniation by using imaging: A case report
Authors: Kaida Mana , Hirata Hirohito , Noda Hikaru , Kishikawa Yuya , Yoshihara Tomohito , Kobayashi Takaomi , Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Mawatari Masaaki , Morimoto Tadatsugu 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageIn middle‐aged and older populations, clinicians often suspect lumbar spine disease when the gait is disturbed with lumbar lower extremity numbness, but spinal herniation at the thoracic level may be causal. Early detection, appropriate treatment, and minimization of complications requires understanding of characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings of herniation.
Dibenzoindolo[1,8]naphthyridines: Synthesis and Characterization of X‐Shaped Aza[4,6]helicenes
Authors: Ausekle Elina , Ehlers Peter , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis report describes a one‐pot multi‐step procedure to obtain double azahelicenes via nucleophilic fluorine substitution of 2,2‐di(2‐bromophenyl)‐1,1‐difluoroalkenes and palladium‐catalysed ring closing reaction. The developed synthesis approach allows easy diversification of substituents at all four fragments of the obtained X‐shaped aza[4,6]helicene entity. Yields range from 20 % to 60 % among 12 product examples. X‐ray single crystal analysis reveals formation of (P,P) and (M,M) enantiomer mixture of products. Optical and electrochemical properties of selected products were studied by performing UV/Vis absorption, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Experimental results are supported by (TD)‐DFT, NICS and NICS2BC calculations.
Large‐scale homo‐ and heterogeneous parallel paradigm design based on CFD application PHengLEI
Authors: Wan YunBo , Zhao Zhong , Liu Jie , Zhang Laiping , Zhang Yong , Chen Jianqiang 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) highly depends on high‐performance computers. Computer hardware has evolved rapidly, yet scalable CFD parallel software remains scarce. In this article, we design a highly scalable CFD parallel paradigm for both homogeneous and heterogeneous supercomputers. The paradigm achieves the separation of communication and computation and automatically adapts to various solvers and hardware environments, thus reducing programming difficulties and increasing automatic parallelization. Meanwhile, the number of communications is greatly reduced and the scalability of the program is improved through implementing centralized communication and two‐level partitioning techniques. Complex flow problems for real aircraft were then computed on different hardware platforms with a grid size of ten billion. The homogeneous computer hardware includes Intel Xeon Gold 6258R and Phytium 2000+ processors, and the heterogeneous computer platforms include NVIDIA Tesla V100 and SW26010 processors. High parallel efficiency was obtained on all computer platforms, verifying that the paradigm has good automatic parallelization, scalability, and stability. The paradigm in this article has an important reference value for CFD massively parallel computing and can promote the development and application of CFD technology.
Optimization of plasma parameters for effective attenuation of microwaves in specified frequency range
Authors: Siahpoush Vahid , Mohadesi Vahideh , Taheri S. Saeid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this article, a plasma‐metal model is studied as an electromagnetic absorber for stealth application. Epstain distribution is considered for plasma and the electromagnetic reflection of the structure is analyzed by the Green's function volume integral equation method. The attenuation of microwaves in plasma depends on microwave frequency, plasma electron density, spatial distribution of plasma, collision frequency, and plasma thickness. Using a metaheuristic optimization method, it is possible to change the parameters simultaneously in the specified domains to obtain conditions for which microwaves can be absorbed effectively in the specified frequency. In this paper, optimized plasma parameters related to ideal attenuation in desired frequency band are determined by this method. The advantage of this method is that the intervals related to the plasma parameters are selecting according to the practical conditions and in many cases prevent the production of high volume with high density plasma to achieve effective attenuation. The proposed method can be useful for designing adjustable devices in stealth applications. Proper management of power consumption in these devices is one of the results of adjustment.
UIoTN‐PMSE: Ubiquitous IoT network‐based predictive modeling in smart environment
Authors: Karuppiah Marimuthu , Ramana T. V. , Mohanty Rajanikanta , Devarajan Ganesh Gopal , Nagarajan Senthil Murugan 
Published: November 2023

SummaryWe proposed a three‐stage intrusion detection system that utilizes a predictive machine learning model to identify and mitigate attacks on ubiquitous network. In the first stage, we applied Apriori‐enabled Association Rule Mining (AARM) feature selection with support vector machine (SVM) for classification of flow of network. Second, we proposed ensemble learning‐based AARM model (PAEL) for behavior analysis. Finally, for classification of multi‐task labels, we proposed swarm bat optimization‐based PAEL model. The trained model is applied to edge and fog computing devices to obtain lower resource utilization and improve the efficiency of the system. The intrusion detection process is performed in three stages: (i) at the edge devices, where abnormal data from network traffic from IoT devices were identified, (ii) the abnormal data sample is sent to fog computing deivce to confirm the attacks and abnormalities, (iii) final identified data sample is sent to cloud server. At cloud, proposed predictive machine learning (ML)‐based generalized weight sum‐enabled ensemble learning (PML‐GWEL) model is trained on sample data, including new detected samples, to continually improve its accuracy. Once the model is trained, it is published to all nodes in the network to update their primary detector models and clear out any outdated pre‐detector models. This process helps to reduce the hardware resources used by the pre‐detector models and improve the overall efficiency of the system. The proposed model is compared with other existing techniques.
Impact of years of grazing exclusion on surface soil temperature and hydrothermal relations in arid and semi‐arid grasslands
Authors: Zhao Xingyu , Zhao Hongbin , Zhang Shengwei , Zhou Ying , Li Ruishen , Lin Xi , Liu Minmin , Wang Shuai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSoil temperature (Ts) and hydrothermal processes are determinants of grassland vegetation growth in arid and semi‐arid area. Implementation of grazing exclusion in grazed grasslands is bound to change the state of vegetation and soil, with consequent effects on Ts and hydrothermal relations. To investigate the differences in the response of Ts and hydrothermal variation to different durations of grazing exclusion, this study conducted a 4‐year fencing exclusion experiment from 2019 to 2022 in Eritu Ranch, Xilingole League, Inner Mongolia. Soil water content (SWC), Ts and precipitation were continuously observed under grazing and different years of grazing exclusion. Statistical correlation analysis was used to assess changes in Ts and moisture after 1 and 4 years of grazing exclusion, and to investigate the differences in Ts response to the same rainfall events and changes during freeze–thaw periods under different grazing exclusion durations. The results show that after 1 year of grazing exclusion, the summer surface Ts decreased by 0.23°C, while the winter surface Ts increased by 0.55°C. After 4 years of grazing exclusion, the summer surface Ts decreased further by 1.18°C, while the winter surface Ts decreased by 0.39°C. This suggests that grazing exclusion has differential effects on seasonal Ts dynamics. Compared with grazing grassland (GG), Ts in grazing exclusion grassland (GEG) shows less response to rainfall. During the freeze–thaw period, soil moisture in GEG is more sensitive to precipitation than in GG. Regression analysis revealed that the correlation between Ts and moisture during the freezing phase was weaker in GEG than in GG. Furthermore, the difference in correlation between 1 and 4 years of grazing exclusion was smaller than expected. During the melting phase, the relationship between Ts and SWC in the soil differed less after 1 year of grazing exclusion compared with GG. However, after 4 years of grazing exclusion, the correlation between Ts and SWC was generally greater in the GEG, suggesting that grazing exclusion may lead to changes in soil moisture dynamics that affect Ts. The results indicate that after 4 years of grazing exclusion, Ts and SWC conditions are better than those after 1 year of grazing exclusion. These findings have significant implications for understanding the impact of grazing‐induced soil warming and drying processes on ecosystems.
Local and regional geographic variation in inducible defenses
Authors: Corbett James J. , Trussell Geoffrey C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvasive predators can cause substantial evolutionary change in native prey populations. Although invasions by predators typically occur over large scales, their distributions are usually characterized by substantial spatiotemporal heterogeneity that can lead to patchiness in the response of native prey species. Our ability to understand how local variation shapes patterns of inducible defense expression has thus far been limited by insufficient replication of populations within regions. Here, we examined local and regional variation in the inducible defenses of 12 native marine snail (Littorina obtusata) populations within two geographic regions in the Gulf of Maine that are characterized by vastly different contact histories with the invasive predatory green crab (Carcinus maenas). When exposed in the field to waterborne risk cues from the green crab for 90 days, snails expressed plastic increases in shell thickness that reduced their vulnerability to this shell‐crushing predator. Despite significant differences in contact history with this invasive predator, snail populations from both regions produced similar levels of shell thickness and shell thickness plasticity in response to risk cues. Such phenotypic similarity emerged even though there were substantial geographic differences in the shell thickness of juvenile snails at the beginning of the experiment, and we suggest that it may reflect the effects of warming ocean temperatures and countergradient variation. Consistent with plasticity theory, a trend in our results suggests that southern snail populations, which have a longer contact history with the green crab, paid less in the form of reduced tissue mass for thicker shells than northern populations.
Redox‐chemistry of Pyramidanes: A DFT Study
Authors: Coburger Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on previous experimental findings, a DFT study on the redox‐induced rearrangement of a series of germa‐, phospha‐ and borapyramidanes is presented. Upon stepwise two‐electron reduction, these 5‐vertex nido‐clusters are predicted to form their respective monocyclic derivatives (germole diides, (tri)phospholides and borole diides) which are formally related to the cyclopentadienide anion. Hence, it is likely that these rearrangements are a common reactivity of pyramidanes. Based on the calculations, the oxidation of these monocyclic derivatives is expected to result in the formation of meta‐stable dimers for germanium and phosphorus species, and monomeric borole derivatives for boron species. Consequently, investigating the redox chemistry of pyramidanes presents an exciting opportunity to discover new and unique main‐group species.
Uptake and metabolization of four sartan drugs by eight different plants: Targeted and untargeted analyses by HPLC‐drift‐tube‐ion‐mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Zellner Laura , Schiefer Thomas , Himmelsbach Markus , Mlynek Franz , Klampfl Christian W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the uptake and metabolization of four drugs (plus the associated prodrugs) from the sartan family by eight edible plants. Growing the plants hydroponically in a medium containing the respective drug, more than 40 phases I and II metabolites derived from the four sartan drugs could be tentatively identified. To demonstrate the suitability of the proposed analytical approach for actual environmental samples, garden cress (Lepidium sativum) selected as a model plant was grown in water drawn from the effluent of two local wastewater treatment plants. Thereby, three of the sartans, namely, olmesartan, candesartan, and valsartan, could be found in the plant extracts at concentrations of 3.1, 10.4, and 14.4 ng g−1, respectively. Additionally, for candesartan and valsartan, a glycosylated transformation product could be detected. In order to extend the present (targeted) workflow also toward the analysis of unknown transformation products (i.e., those not listed in the custom‐made database used for this research), a nontargeted approach for the analysis of plant extracts with respect to the presence of drug‐related metabolites was developed. Comparison of the targeted and the nontargeted workflows led to the finding of two additional, so far unidentified, transformation products originating from azilsartan.