bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of the underground space resources in Xianyang city
Authors: Li Shifeng , Hong Zenglin , Xue Xuping , Liu Xiaofeng , Shi Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of urbanization and the sharp increase in population, urban land is becoming increasingly scarce. The efficient and reasonable development of the underground space is a crucial way to solve the problem of urban diseases, and comprehensive evaluation of urban underground space resources is an important basic task to achieve reasonable planning of the underground space. Adopting Xianyang city as an example, in this paper, we comprehensively evaluated the underground space resources in the main urban area and established evaluation models for the amount of resources available for development, development difficulty, potential value, and comprehensive quality of the underground space. Evaluation indicators, including urban environmental constraints, geological conditions, socioeconomic conditions and many other factors, were determined. With the use of the method of item-by-item elimination of restrictive elements and the analytic hierarchy process for determining the weight of each evaluation index, GIS technology was used to calculate and evaluate the underground space resources (0–30 m) in the main urban area of Xianyang city that could be reasonably developed, as well as the corresponding development difficulty and potential value, and we obtained the underground space that could be reasonably developed under different types of land use in the main urban area of Xianyang city on the basis of the resource quantity and comprehensive quality evaluation results. The results showed that in terms of quantity, the amount of underground space available for development in the main urban area of Xianyang city accounts for approximately 25.11% of the total development amount, and the underground space that could be developed and utilized is approximately 82.3 km2. The underground space resources that could be developed within a 30 m depth interval in the main urban area reached 2.465 billion m3, accounting for approximately 79.5% of the total shallow underground space resources, and the potential for development and utilization is enormous. In terms of the comprehensive quality, the highest comprehensive quality level of shallow underground resources is located in the core areas along Renmin Road, Weiyang Road, and Century Avenue, with an area of 21.52 km2, and the highest comprehensive quality level of subshallow underground resources is located along Renmin Road and Weiyang Road, with an area of 4.37 km2. The evaluation results could provide high reference value for urban development planning and underground space development and utilization in Xianyang.
Cow detection and tracking system utilizing multi-feature tracking algorithm
Authors: Mar Cho Cho , Zin Thi Thi , Tin Pyke , Honkawa Kazuyuki , Kobayashi Ikuo , Horii Yoichiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn modern cattle farm management systems, video-based monitoring has become important in analyzing the high-level behavior of cattle for monitoring their health and predicting calving for providing timely assistance. Conventionally, sensors have been used for detecting and tracking their activities. As the body-attached sensors cause stress, video cameras can be used as an alternative. However, identifying and tracking individual cattle can be difficult, especially for black and brown varieties that are so similar in appearance. Therefore, we propose a new method of using video cameras for recognizing cattle and tracking their whereabouts. In our approach, we applied a combination of deep learning and image processing techniques to build a robust system. The proposed system processes images in separate stages, namely data pre-processing, cow detection, and cow tracking. Cow detection is performed using a popular instance segmentation network. In the cow tracking stage, for successively associating each cow with the corresponding one in the next frame, we employed the following three features: cow location, appearance features, as well as recent features of the cow region. In doing so, we simply exploited the distance between two gravity center locations of the cow regions. As color and texture suitably define the appearance of an object, we analyze the most appropriate color space to extract color moment features and use a Co-occurrence Matrix (CM) for textural representation. Deep features are extracted from recent cow images using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN features) and are also jointly applied in the tracking process to boost system performance. We also proposed a robust Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) algorithm for cow tracking by employing multiple features from the cow region. The experimental results proved that our proposed system could handle the problems of MOT and produce reliable performance.
Developing an SDN security model (EnsureS) based on lightweight service path validation with batch hashing and tag verification
Authors: Pradeep S. , Sharma Yogesh Kumar , Lilhore Umesh Kumar , Simaiya Sarita , Kumar Abhishek , Ahuja Sachin , Margala Martin , Chakrabarti Prasun , Chakrabarti Tulika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSoftware-defined networking (SDN) has significantly transformed the field of network management through the consolidation of control and provision of enhanced adaptability. However, this paradigm shift has concurrently presented novel security concerns. The preservation of service path integrity holds significant importance within SDN environments due to the potential for malevolent entities to exploit network flows, resulting in a range of security breaches. This research paper introduces a model called "EnsureS", which aims to enhance the security of SDN by proposing an efficient and secure service path validation approach. The proposed approach utilizes a Lightweight Service Path Validation using Batch Hashing and Tag Verification, focusing on improving service path validation's efficiency and security in SDN environments. The proposed EnsureS system utilizes two primary techniques in order to validate service pathways efficiently. Firstly, the method utilizes batch hashing in order to minimize computational overhead. The proposed EnsureS algorithm enhances performance by aggregating packets through batches rather than independently; the hashing process takes place on each one in the service pathway. Additionally, the implementation of tag verification enables network devices to efficiently verify the authenticity of packets by leveraging pre-established trust relationships. EnsureS provides a streamlined and effective approach for validating service paths in SDN environments by integrating these methodologies. In order to assess the efficacy of the Proposed EnsureS, a comprehensive series of investigations were conducted within a simulated SDN circumstance. The efficacy of Proposed EnsureS was then compared to that of established methods. The findings of our study indicate that the proposed EnsureS solution effectively minimizes computational overhead without compromising on the established security standards. The implementation successfully reduces the impact of different types of attacks, such as route alteration and packet spoofing, increasing SDN networks' general integrity.
Associations between fluid overload and outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Hayashi Yosuke , Shimazui Takashi , Tomita Keisuke , Shimada Tadanaga , Miura Rie E. , Nakada Taka-aki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreased fluid overload (FO) is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients, especially in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the exact timing from when FO influences outcomes remains unclear. We retrospectively screened intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients with AKI between January 2011 and December 2015. Logistic or linear regression analyses were performed to determine when hourly %FO was significant on 90-day in-hospital mortality (primary outcome) or ventilator-free days (VFDs). In total, 1120 patients were enrolled in this study. Univariate analysis showed that a higher %FO was significantly associated with higher mortality from the first hour of ICU admission (odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.56, P < 0.001), whereas multivariate analysis adjusted with age, sex, APACHE II score, and sepsis etiology showed the association was significant from the 27th hour. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that a higher %FO was significantly associated with shorter VFDs from the 1st hour. The significant associations were retained during all following observation periods after they showed significance. In patients with AKI, a higher %FO was associated with higher mortality and shorter VFDs from the early phase after ICU admission. FO should be administered with a physiological target or goal in place from the initial phase of critical illness.
Unusual participation of O-propargyl group during the cyclization of 6-hydroxy-2-propargyl ethers of aryl chalcones: one-pot synthesis of 2-acyl-3-styrylbenzofuran and 7-aryldibenzo[b,d]furan-1,7-diols
Authors: Samyuktha Arimalai Dinakararaja , Ethiraj Kannatt Radhakrishnan , Shanmugam Ponnusamy 
Published: October 2023

An unusual participation of the O-propargyl alkyne group during the cyclization of 6-hydroxy-2-propargyl ethers of aryl chalcones afforded highly functionalized 2-acyl-3-styrylbenzofuran and 8-aryl dibenzo[b,d]furan-1,7-diol derivatives. A plausible mechanism and scope of the reaction is provided.
Secrecy outage probability of DF‐based C‐NOMA under half and full duplex
Authors: Gadi Shilpi , Singh S. Pratap , Kumar Amit , Singh Rajneesh Kumar , Singh Ghanshyam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCooperative Non‐orthogonal Multiple Access (C‐NOMA) is projected as the dominant technology for 5G and beyond. Also, physical layer security, due to the presence of eaves‐dropper, is a bottleneck security concern for any open link wireless system. This manuscript presents a novel Decode & Forward (DF)‐based C‐NOMA system in the presence of two eavesdroppers. Moreover, both half duplex and full duplex schemes are included in the analysis. Thereby, separate expressions for Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), being among the most crucial performance measures in physical layer security, are produced and examined for the system under consideration. Specifically, first of all, novel expression of SOP for C‐NOMA systems under both Half Duplex (HD) and Full Duplex (FD) schemes is derived for the case when only eavesdropper one (E1) attacks on link source to device one (S‐D1). Thereafter, expressions of SOP for the C‐NOMA system under both HD and FD schemes are derived, considering presence of E1 and E2 on the links, source to device one (S‐D1) and source to device two (S‐D2), respectively. Further, for both the duplexes, the effect of eavesdropper one (E1) and eavesdropper two (E2) on the links, S‐D1 and S‐D2, respectively, is analyzed. The presented analysis is useful in the technological development level of C‐NOMA in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. The simulated results show perfect agreement with the theory.
Deep reinforcement learning‐based dual‐mode congestion control for cellular V2X environments
Authors: Yoon Yeomyung , Lee Hojeong , Kim Hyogon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J2945/1 standard for Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) environmentutilizes transmit (Tx) power control and rate control elements for the periodic BSM transmissions, which are intended to work in a complementary manner. An equivalent standard for the cellular vehicle‐to‐everything (C‐V2X) communication environment is J3161/1, but it eliminates Tx power control and uses only rate control. However, the consequence is the degraded update delay of neighbouring vehicles’ kinematics, potentially undermineing driving safety. In this Letter, the authors propose to retain the dual‐mode control in the C‐V2X environment and find a policy through reinforcement learning (RL) to adjust the rate control function to maintain synergy. Moreover, the authors can extract the RL‐created policy from the neural network so that it can be explicitly specified in the standard, and downloaded and used more conveniently by vehicles. Finally, the RL‐generated policy achieves a better packet delivery frequency than J2945/1 or J3161/1.
Acoustic carrier signal transmission technology and its potential for in‐site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas‐insulated switchgear/gas‐insulated transmission line
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhang Yutong , Zhao Huijun , Peng Zongren , Wang Qingyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA wireless signal transmission technology based on acoustic carrier is proposed, which overcomes the limitation of electromagnetic signal shielding and shows great potential for in‐site monitoring of sliding electrical contact used in gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS)/gas‐insulated transmission line (GIL). Here, the state parameter of the sliding electrical contact is modulated onto the frequency domain of an ultrasound wave. As a mechanical wave, the ultrasonic wave is immune to electromagnetic shielding, so that it could carry the sensing signal to penetrate the metal shielding layer and transmit to the external terminals of GIS/GIL. The principle and signal modulation process of the acoustic carrier based transmission system have been demonstrated in detail. Both simulation and experiment have been conducted to analyse the system characteristics as well as optimise the system configuration. As a proof‐of‐concept application, the in situ and on‐line monitoring of the thermal rise of a slide electrical contact both in a current loading equivalent model and a prototype of GIS is demonstrated. Experimental results fit well with the physical process, and show a good measurement accuracy of 0.6% and temperature sensitivity of 400 Hz/°C.
Synchronous switching of uncompensated transmission line, by considering the effect of coupling voltage between the phases, trapped charge and the characteristics of CB
Authors: Karimonnafs Alireza 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synchronous closing technology is an effective way to reduce transient current and voltage, prevent equipment failures, and improve power quality. The proposed algorithm, first by considering the coupling voltages between phases and the residual voltages in an uncompensated transmission line, calculates the zero instant of the voltage curves (ZVC instant) across the poles of the circuit breaker (CB) that is ideally the optimum instant to close the CB. Although other studies have utilized ZVC detection by solely considering either coupling or residual voltages. Secondly, the algorithm seeks to account for the mechanical scattering time of the CB and the rate of decrease of dielectric strength (RDDS) by incorporating delay times into the previously calculated delay values. Although other works have investigated the effect of RDDS or mechanical scattering operation time on synchronous switching to some extent, they have not fulfilled any optimization taking both of them into account.By exerting this algorithm, each phase of CB is closed in the ideal optimum closing target (ZVC instant) with a maximum error of one sample, and then, taking into account the CB characteristics, by compensating the RDDS and mechanical scattering time, CB is energized in the optimal time interval, where pre‐strike voltages are minimized.
Soft X-ray emission from warm gas in IllustrisTNG circum-cluster environments
Authors: Gouin Celine , Bonamente Massimiliano , Galárraga-Espinosa Daniela , Walker Stephen , Mirakhor Mohammad 
Published: October 2023

Context. Whereas X-ray clusters are extensively used for cosmology, their idealised modelling, through the hypotheses of spherical symmetry and hydrostatic equilibrium, is being questioned more and more. The soft X-ray emission detected in tens of clusters with ROSAT was found to be higher than what was expected from the idealised hot gas modelling, pointing to our incomplete understanding of these objects.
Aims. Given that cluster environments are at the interface between the hot intra-cluster medium (ICM), warm circum-galactic medium (WCGM), and warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), we aim to explore the relative soft X-ray emission of different gas phases in circum-cluster environments.
Method. By using the most massive halos in IllustrisTNG at z = 0, we have predicted the hydrodynamical properties of the gas from cluster centres to their outskirts (5 R200), and modelled their X-ray radiation for various plasma phases.
Results. First, we found that the radial profile of temperature, density, metallicity and clumpiness of the ICM are in good agreement with recent X-ray observations of clusters. Secondly, we have developed a method to predict the radial profile of soft X-ray emission in different bands, the column density of ions, and the X-ray absorption lines (O VIII, O VII, Ne IX, and Ne IX) of warm-hot gas inside and around clusters.
Conclusion. The warm gas (in the form of both WCGM and WHIM gas) is a strong emitter in soft X-ray bands and is qualitatively consistent with the observational measurements. Our results suggest that the cluster soft excess is induced by the thermal emission of warm gas in the circum-cluster environments.
Amplitude and frequency variations in PG 0101+039 from K2 photometry
Authors: Ma X.-Y. , Zong W. , Fu J.-N. , Charpinet S. , Wang J. , Xing K. 
Published: October 2023

Context. K2 photometry is suitable for the exploitation of mode variability on short timescales in hot B subdwarf stars and this technique is useful in constraining nonlinear quantities addressed by the stellar theory of high-order perturbation in the future.
Aims. We analyzed high-quality K2 data collected for PG 0101+039 over about 80 days and we extracted the frequency content of oscillation. We determined the star’s rotational and orbital properties, in addition to characterizing the dynamics of the amplitude and frequency.
Methods. The frequencies were extracted from light curves via a standard prewhitening technique. The binary information was obtained from variations both in brightness and radial velocities. The amplitude and frequency modulations (i.e., AMs and FMs) of the oscillation modes were measured by piece-wise light curves and characterized by a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method.
Results. We extracted 137 independent frequencies in PG 0101+039 and derived period spacing of ∼252 s and 144 s for the dipole and quadruple modes, respectively. We derived rotation periods of ∼8.81 ± 0.06 days and ∼8.60 ± 0.16 days based on g- and p-mode multiplets, respectively, implying a marginally differential rotation with a probability of ∼60%. We find that the rotation period is much shorter than the orbital period of ∼0.57 d, indicating that this system is not synchronized. The AMs and FMs were found to be measurable for 44 frequencies with high enough amplitude, including 12 rotational components. We characterized their modulating patterns and found a clear correlation between the amplitude and frequency variation, linked to nonlinear resonant couplings. In general, the modulating scale and timescale are on the order of a few dozen of nanohertz and a few tens of days, respectively. These values can serve as important constraints on future calculations of nonlinear amplitude equations.
Conclusions. PG 0101+039 is an unsynchronized system containing a component whose amplitude and frequency variations are generally found to be on a shorter timescale than previously reported for other sdB pulsators. Those findings are essential to setting observational constraints on the nonlinear dynamics of resonant mode couplings and orbital solutions.
Ultrasound assessment of brain supplying arteries (transcranial)
Authors: Gröschel Klaus , Harrer Judith U. , Schminke Ulf , Stegemann Emilia , Allendörfer Jens 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUltrasonography of intracranial arteries is a non-invasive and highly efficient method for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with cerebrovascular diseases, also in the bedside setting of the critically ill. For reliable assessment and interpretation of sonographic findings, the technique requires – apart from dedicated anatomic and pathophysiological knowledge of cerebral arteries and their hemodynamics – the comprehension of alternative imaging modalities such as CT or MR angiography. This article reviews the transcranial color-coded duplex sonographic (TCCS) examination technique including the transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) for a standardized ultrasound assessment of the intracranial arteries and typical pathological cases. As a complementary tool, transorbital ultrasound for the assessment of the optic nerve sheath diameter and adjacent structures is also described in this article.
CAC: aktueller Stand der Cardiac-Arrest-Zentren
Authors: Rott Nadine , Scholz Karl Heinrich , Busch Hans-Jörg , Frey Norbert , Kelm Malte , Thiele Holger , Böttiger Bernd W. 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungCardiac-Arrest-Zentren (CAC) sind Krankenhäuser, die in besonderer Weise auf die Weiterbehandlung von prähospital reanimierten Patienten spezialisiert sind. In Deutschland wurden 2017,
weltweit erstmalig, Qualitätskriterien festgelegt und es sind aktuell bereits mehr als 100 Krankenhäuser als CAC zertifiziert. Auch in internationalen Leitlinien wird die Weiterbehandlung
dieser Patienten in einem CAC empfohlen. Studiendaten unterstreichen die Bedeutung der flächendeckenden Einführung dieser Kliniken, da sie einen positiven Einfluss auf das Überleben der
Patienten haben und Rettungsdienstpersonal eine begrenzte zusätzliche Transportzeit von 16,3 Minuten akzeptiert, um ein CAC zu erreichen.
Islet Like Cells Induced from Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells
with Neonatal Bovine Pancreatic Mesenchymal Exosomes for Treatment of Diabetes
Mellitus
Authors: Yun Feiyu , Zhaorigen Bayalige , Han Xia , Li Xin , Yun Sheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo investigate the safety and efficacy of the islet-like cell (cell) induced from
human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) with different methods for
the treatment of diabetic animal model. UCMSCs were induced to βcells
with cytokines (CY) and neonatal bovine pancreatic mesenchymal cell exosomes
(Ex) combined with CY (EX+CY). The insulin secretion of UCMSC and
βcell was measured with ELISA when the cells were growing in different
concentrations of glucose media for different times. UCMSCs (4×105) and
the same number of cells prepared with two methods were transplanted to type I
diabetic rat models. UCMSCs could be induced into islet βcells by CY or
EX+CY in vitro. The insulin secretion of the prepared β cells
growing in 25.0 mM glucose medium was over 5-fold of that in
6.0 mM glucose. The transplantation of the βcells to type I
diabetic rat models could reduce the blood glucose and prolong the survival
time. The β cells induced by EX+CY had much more significant
effects on decreasing blood glucose and increasing survival time
(p<0.01). The cells did not affect blood sugar level and had no serious
side-effects in human health. UCMSC could be induced to islet βcells
with either CY or EX+CY. The transplantation of the induced islet
βcells could reduce blood glucose and prolong the survival time of
diabetic animal models. Although the cells induced with EX+CY had more
significant effects on diabetic rats, they did not affect blood glucose level
and had no serious side-effects in human health.