bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial development and economic complexity: The role of country stability
Authors: Ndoya Hermann , Ongo Nkoa Bruno Emmanuel , Kemeze Francis Hypolite , Nchofoung Tii N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between financial development (FD), economic complexity and country stability. To achieve this objective, this paper applies a finite mixture model to a sample of 92 developing countries over the period 1995–2018. The study posits that the effect of FD on economic complexity differs across groups of countries with similar but unobserved characteristics. The study finds that the effect of FD on economic complexity varies across four classes of countries, which differ according to their level of economic, political and financial stability. Furthermore, the study argues that stable countries are more likely to be in class 1, including more performing countries – that is, the group of countries where FD spurs economic complexity. This finding remains consistent even when alternative measures of FD and economic complexity are considered. Hence, efforts by developing countries to undertake sound reforms to reduce economic, political and financial risks could help leverage the benefits of FD in fostering the development of sophisticated and complex economies.
Rotating savings and credit associations (ROSCAs) in prewar China: Communal finance and the roots of economic development
Authors: Lowenstein Matthew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article studies Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) in late imperial and Republican‐era Shanxi province, China, from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. It investigates how communal finance fostered pre‐industrial economic growth and commercial activity. Drawing on previously unused, original materials from historical Shanxi ROSCAs and households, it makes several important discoveries. First, it finds widespread ROSCA participation, estimating no fewer than 7.1 per cent of Shanxi households participated in ROSCAs. Second, it estimates expected internal rates of returns on ROSCA membership at 2.55–6.01 per cent annually. This suggests that ROSCAs were economically competitive with other Chinese traditional financiers, which often charged more for loans and offered less to savers. Third, it finds a surprising degree of liquidity for ROSCA shares. Finally, it uncovers commercial entities participating in ROSCAs, suggesting ROSCAs could be useful to for‐profit enterprises. The article concludes that ROSCAs and communal finance may have played an important role in supporting pre‐industrial economic activity.
Depression and treatment with anti‐calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) (ligand or receptor) antibodies for migraine
Authors: de Vries Lentsch Simone , van der Arend Britt W. H. , de Boer Irene , van Zwet Erik W. , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim was to evaluate the effect of anti‐calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) (ligand or receptor) antibodies on depressive symptoms in subjects with migraine and to determine whether depressive symptoms predict treatment response.MethodsPatients with migraine treated with erenumab and fremanezumab at the Leiden Headache Centre completed daily E‐headache diaries. A control group was included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) questionnaires at baseline (T0) and after 3 months (T1). First, the effect of treatment on the reduction in HADS‐D and CES‐D scores was assessed, with reduction in depression scores as the dependent variable and reduction in monthly migraine days (MMD) and treatment with anti‐CGRP medication as independent variables. Second, depression as a predictor of treatment response was investigated, using the absolute reduction in MMD as a dependent variable and age, gender, MMD, active depression, impact, stress and locus of control scores as independent variables.ResultsIn total, n = 108 patients were treated with erenumab, n = 90 with fremanezumab and n = 68 were without active treatment. Treatment with anti‐CGRP medication was positively associated with a reduction in the HADS‐D (β = 1.65, p = 0.01) compared to control, independent of MMD reduction. However, the same effect was not found for the CES‐D (β = 2.15, p = 0.21). Active depression predicted poorer response to erenumab (p = 0.02) but not to fremanezumab (p = 0.09).ConclusionAnti‐CGRP (ligand or receptor) monoclonals lead to improvement of depressive symptoms in individuals with migraine, independent of migraine reduction. Depression may predict treatment response to erenumab but not to fremanezumab.
Patterns of antiseizure medication utilization in the Human Epilepsy Project
Authors: Fox Jonah , Barnard Sarah , Agashe Shruti H. , Holmes Manisha G. , Gidal Barry , Klein Pavel , Abou‐Khalil Bassel W. , French Jacqueline ,   Human Epilepsy Project Investigators
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to ascertain the natural history and patterns of antiseizure medication (ASM) use in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy patients who were initially started on monotherapy.MethodsThe data were derived from the Human Epilepsy Project. Differences between the durations of the most commonly first prescribed ASM monotherapies were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Subjects were classified into three groups: monotherapy, sequential monotherapy, and polytherapy.ResultsA total of 443 patients were included in the analysis, with a median age of 32 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 20–44) and median follow‐up time of 3.2 years (IQR = 2.4–4.2); 161 (36.3%) patients remained on monotherapy with their initially prescribed ASM at the time of their last follow‐up. The mean (SEM) and median (IQR) duration that patients stayed on monotherapy with their initial ASM was 2.1 (2.0–2.2) and 1.9 (.3–3.5) years, respectively. The most commonly prescribed initial ASM was levetiracetam (254, 57.3%), followed by lamotrigine (77, 17.4%), oxcarbazepine (38, 8.6%), and carbamazepine (24, 5.4%). Among those who did not remain on the initial monotherapy, 167 (59.2%) transitioned to another ASM as monotherapy (sequential monotherapy) and 115 (40.8%) ended up on polytherapy. Patients remained significantly longer on lamotrigine (mean = 2.8 years, median = 3.1 years) compared to levetiracetam (mean = 2.0 years, median = 1.5 years) as a first prescribed medication (hazard ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.0–2.2). As the study progressed, the proportion of patients on lamotrigine, carbamazepine, and oxcarbazepine as well as other sodium channel agents increased from a little more than one third (154, 34.8%) of patients to more than two thirds (303, 68.4%) of patients.SignificanceSlightly more than one third of focal epilepsy patients remain on monotherapy with their first prescribed ASM. Approximately three in five patients transition to monotherapy with another ASM, whereas approximately two in five end up on polytherapy. Patients remain on lamotrigine for a longer duration compared to levetiracetam when it is prescribed as the initial monotherapy.
Projecting spatiotemporal dynamics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in the mainland of China
Authors: Ding Fang‐Yu , Ge Hong‐Han , Ma Tian , Wang Qian , Hao Meng‐Meng , Li Hao , Zhang Xiao‐Ai , Maude Richard James , Wang Li‐Ping , Jiang Dong , Fang Li‐Qun , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease with increasing incidence and geographic extent. The extent to which global climate change affects the incidence of SFTS disease remains obscure. We use an integrated multi‐model, multi‐scenario framework to assess the impact of global climate change on SFTS disease in China. The spatial distribution of habitat suitability for the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis was predicted by applying a boosted regression tree model under four alternative climate change scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5) for the periods 2030–2039, 2050–2059, and 2080–2089. We incorporate the SFTS cases in the mainland of China from 2010 to 2019 with environmental variables and the projected distribution of H. longicornis into a generalized additive model to explore the current and future spatiotemporal dynamics of SFTS. Our results demonstrate an expanded geographic distribution of H. longicornis toward Northern and Northwestern China, showing a more pronounced change under the RCP8.5 scenario. In contrast, the environmental suitability of H. longicornis is predicted to be reduced in Central and Eastern China. The SFTS incidence in three time periods (2030–2039, 2050–2059, and 2080–2089) is predicted to be increased as compared to the 2010s in the context of various RCPs. A heterogeneous trend across provinces, however, was observed, when an increased incidence in Liaoning and Shandong provinces, while decreased incidence in Henan province is predicted. Notably, we predict possible outbreaks in Xinjiang and Yunnan in the future, where only sporadic cases have been reported previously. These findings highlight the need for tick control and population awareness of SFTS in endemic regions, and enhanced monitoring in potential risk areas.
Performance of Orbicella faveolata larval cohorts does not align with previously observed thermal tolerance of adult source populations
Authors: Zhang Yingqi , Gantt Shelby E. , Keister Elise F. , Elder Holland , Kolodziej Graham , Aguilar Catalina , Studivan Michael S. , Williams Dana E. , Kemp Dustin W. , Manzello Derek P. , Enochs Ian C. , Kenkel Carly D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOrbicella faveolata, commonly known as the mountainous star coral, is a dominant reef‐building species in the Caribbean, but populations have suffered sharp declines since the 1980s due to repeated bleaching and disease‐driven mortality. Prior research has shown that inshore adult O. faveolata populations in the Florida Keys are able to maintain high coral cover and recover from bleaching faster than their offshore counterparts. However, whether this origin‐specific variation in thermal resistance is heritable remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we produced purebred and hybrid larval crosses from O. faveolata gametes collected at two distinct reefs in the Upper Florida Keys, a nearshore site (Cheeca Rocks, CR) and an offshore site (Horseshoe Reef, HR), in two different years (2019, 2021). We then subjected these aposymbiotic larvae to severe (36°C) and moderate (32°C) heat challenges to quantify their thermal tolerance. Contrary to our expectation based on patterns of adult thermal tolerance, HR purebred larvae survived better and exhibited gene expression profiles that were less driven by stress response under elevated temperature compared to purebred CR and hybrid larvae. One potential explanation could be the compromised reproductive output of CR adult colonies due to repeated summer bleaching events in 2018 and 2019, as gametes originating from CR in 2019 contained less storage lipids than those from HR. These findings provide an important counter‐example to the current selective breeding paradigm, that more tolerant parents will yield more tolerant offspring, and highlight the importance of adopting a holistic approach when evaluating larval quality for conservation and restoration purposes.
Climate change should drive mammal defaunation in tropical dry forests
Authors: Moura Mario R. , Oliveira Gibran A. , Paglia Adriano P. , Pires Mathias M. , Santos Bráulio A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman‐induced climate change has intensified negative impacts on socioeconomic factors, the environment, and biodiversity, including changes in rainfall patterns and an increase in global average temperatures. Drylands are particularly at risk, with projections suggesting they will become hotter, drier, and less suitable for a significant portion of their species, potentially leading to mammal defaunation. We use ecological niche modelling and community ecology biodiversity metrics to examine potential geographical range shifts of non‐volant mammal species in the largest Neotropical dryland, the Caatinga, and evaluate impacts of climate change on mammal assemblages. According to projections, 85% of the mammal species will lose suitable habitats, with one quarter of species projected to completely lose suitable habitats by 2060. This will result in a decrease in species richness for more than 90% of assemblages and an increase in compositional similarity to nearby assemblages (i.e., reduction in spatial beta diversity) for 70% of the assemblages. Small‐sized mammals will be the most impacted and lose most of their suitable habitats, especially in highlands. The scenario is even worse in the eastern half of Caatinga where habitat destruction already prevails, compounding the threats faced by species there. While species‐specific responses can vary with respect to dispersal, behavior, and energy requirements, our findings indicate that climate change can drive mammal assemblages to biotic homogenization and species loss, with drastic changes in assemblage trophic structure. For successful long‐term socioenvironmental policy and conservation planning, it is critical that findings from biodiversity forecasts are considered.
Effect of oral health status and oral function on malnutrition in community‐dwelling older adult dental patients: A two‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Sawada Nanami , Takeuchi Noriko , Ekuni Daisuke , Morita Manabu 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo survey oral status in detail and clarify the factors associated with nutritional status as evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment.BackgroundMalnutrition is common in older adults and increases the risk of frailty, sarcopenia, and mortality. However, few longitudinal studies have been performed to investigate the causal effect of oral status on malnutrition in detail, and the information reported in those longitudinal studies has been limited to dentition status and swallowing ability.Materials and MethodsThe participants in this prospective cohort study were patients who visited the Preventive Dentistry Clinic at Okayama University Hospital from November 2017 to January 2021. The number of teeth, periodontal condition, oral function (oral diadochokinesis, masticatory ability, number of bacteria in tongue coating, occlusal force, oral moisture, tongue pressure, swallowing function), nutritional status, the number of comorbidities, and mental health status were examined. These variables were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM).ResultsThe final analysis included 141 participants (40 males and 101 females; mean age, 73.5 ± 6.3 years; follow‐up rate: 79.7%). The results of the SEM revealed that oral status (number of teeth present and swallowing function) was positively associated with nutritional status 2 years later. In addition, age was negatively associated with oral status.ConclusionIn community‐dwelling older adult dental patients (age ≥60 years), oral function at baseline was associated with nutritional status two years later.
Chronic periodontitis and risk of cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases among older Koreans
Authors: Jang Kyeung‐Ae , Kim Yu‐Rin , Joo Kwangmin , Son Minkook 
Published: October 2023

Background and ObjectiveThere is a relative lack of evidence from observational studies of older populations investigating the association between chronic periodontitis and cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases. Accordingly, we investigated the risk of cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases according to the severity of chronic periodontitis among older adults.MethodsData on older adults with chronic periodontitis were extracted from the Korea National Health Insurance Service‐Senior Cohort Database using diagnosis codes and dental procedures. Participants were divided into two exposure groups. Among 46 737 participants eligible for inclusion, 21 905 (46.9%) had newly diagnosed mild chronic periodontitis, and 24 832 (53.1%) had newly diagnosed severe chronic periodontitis. To determine the risk of cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, and myocardial infarction, multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in this retrospective follow‐up study.ResultsA total of 3453 (7.4%) outcomes were identified during a mean follow‐up of 6.1 years. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that disease‐free probability was lower in the severe group than in the mild group (log‐rank P < .001). In the multivariable‐adjusted model, the HR for cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases in the severe group (relative to the mild group) was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09–1.25). In individual outcome analysis, ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction were associated with chronic periodontitis severity, but haemorrhagic stroke was not.ConclusionThe severity of chronic periodontitis could be associated with the risk of cerebro‐cardiovascular diseases in older adults.
Structural and luminescence studies on thermally stable Bi3+‐activated Ba3MoTiO8 phosphors for near UV‐pumped w‐LED applications
Authors: Rohilla Pooja , Prasad Aman , Srinivasa Rao Allam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis research presents the outcomes of diverse morphological and photoluminescence (PL) studies performed on Bi3+ ion–doped Ba3MoTiO8 phosphors prepared via the conventional solid‐state reaction method. Phase assessment was carried out via the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Field emission scanning microscopy (FE‐SEM) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX) have been used to study the surface morphology anda elemental composition. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) was used to study the character and vibrational frequencies of bonds in the phosphor lattice. Room‐temperature PL was performed under 275 and 386 nm excitations, displaying a broad band in the blue region corresponding to the 3P1 → 1S0 transition of Bi3+ ions. The Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates and correlated color temperature values show that the as‐prepared phosphors emit in the blue vicinity. The decay curves under both excitation wavelengths show a single exponential behavior. Temperature‐dependent PL studies confirmed the high thermal stability of the phosphor. We want to endorse these phosphors as a blue‐emitting component in white light‐emitting diodes (w‐LEDs) and solid‐state lighting (SSL) applications.
Developing intragranular zirconia‐reinforced alumina possessing vastly improved mechanical and tribological properties
Authors: Verma Vaibhav , Kumar Udit , Ghosh Subrata , Gurnani Luv , Mukhopadhyay Amartya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe dispersion‐cum‐distribution of second phase particles in a polycrystalline ceramic microstructure influences the mechanical and tribological properties, with the difficult‐to‐achieve inter‐/intragranular reinforcement often leading to better properties, as compared to simply intergranular reinforcement. However, the latter microstructure‐type is more regularly obtained when the processing involves physical mixing of crystalline (starting) powder particles of the components. Against this backdrop, an innovative sol‐gel‐based route, which is devoid of such physical mixing, but which leads to heterogeneous nucleation/growth of the crystalline matrix phase (here, α‐Al2O3) around well‐dispersed second‐phase particles (of tetragonal zirconia; t‐ZrO2) during calcination/sintering, allows achieving inter‐/intragranular reinforcement of t‐ZrO2 in Al2O3‐ZrO2 composites. Such a microstructure‐type results in considerably improved hardness (even with respect to monolithic Al2O3), despite the incorporation of softer ZrO2 phase, enhanced resistances to crack propagation and wear damage, as compared to the conventionally processed counterparts, having primarily intergranular t‐ZrO2 reinforcement. From mechanistic point of view, the intragranular t‐ZrO2 reinforcement leads to enhanced “t‐ZrO2 transformability” and change in fracture mode from intergranular to transgranular. From a generic perspective, the beneficial aspects of the processing route can potentially be taken forward toward the development of other ceramic composites possessing inter‐/intragranular microstructure‐type.
Spectrum regulation of YAG:Ce/YAG:Cr/YAG:Pr phosphor ceramics with barcode structure prepared by tape casting
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhu Yuxuan , Cheng Ziqiu , Wang Yanbin , Tian Feng , Liu Ziyu , Li Wanyuan , Zhou Guohong , Zou Jun , Kosyanov Denis Yu. , Li Jiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractYAG:Ce/YAG:Cr/YAG:Pr composite phosphor ceramics with barcode structure were prepared by tape casting combined with the solid‐state reaction method. This structure provides a convenient and effective method for regulating the optical parameters such as luminous efficacy (LE), color rendering, and correlated color temperature (CCT) of white light‐emitting diodes/laser diodes (LEDs/LDs). For the sample with a thickness ratio of 6:6:6 for YAG:Ce, YAG:Cr, and YAG:Pr, the in‐line transmittance reaches 60% at 800 nm, and it shows a good optical performance with the LE of 106 lm/W, the color gamut (Rg) of 77, the color fidelity index (Rf) of 86, and the CCT of 7642 K. The electroluminescence spectra and color coordinates can be adjusted by changing the ratio of each component in the composite ceramic and the thickness of the ceramic because the tape casting method allows precise control of the thickness of each ceramic layer. The high tunability provides more freedom in the performance design of composite phosphor ceramics and makes them the most promising candidate for high brightness white LEDs/LDs.