bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of general and spinal anaesthesia on post‐operative wound healing during laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kong Liang , Wang Jiming , Guo Kai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTotally extraperitoneal prosthetic (TEP) is a surgical technique for the treatment of hernia. The purpose of this research is to compare the efficacy of both general anaesthesia and spine anaesthesia for TEP herniorrhaphy. The number of patients who received TEP operations related to the injury from 2008 to 2022 was counted in this study. Patients with TEP operation were classified into general anaesthesia and spine anaesthesia. In this research, 186 related articles were found in the data base, and in the end, 8 were analysed. This study involved 2452 cases of hernia. The data of the operation time, the infection of the wound and the bleeding of the wound were analysed. The analysis of the data was done with RevMan 5.3. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between general anaesthesia and spinal anaesthesia in post‐surgical rates for post‐operative wound infection (odds ratio [OR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49–1.83; p = 0.86); In general anaesthesia, there was no difference in the risk of post‐operative wound haematoma when compared with those treated with spinal anaesthesia (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 0.37–23.69; p = 0.31). In the seven trials, there was no difference in the duration of the surgery between the general anaesthetic and the spinal anaesthesia group (mean difference, −1.44; 95% CI, −4.11 to 1.22; p = 0.29). Data from the available meta‐analysis indicate that there is no difference in the risk of post‐operative wound infection or wound haematoma when treated with TEP.
Validation of a new assessment of hostile attribution bias in romantic relationships: The Hostile Attributions in Romantic Relationships Test
Authors: Li Danyang , Coker Benjamin , Rowe Angela C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile hostile attributional bias (a tendency to interpret others' behaviors as intentionally hostile) is associated with negative outcomes in romantic relationships, no measure has been developed specifically for this context. Here, we describe the development and validation of a self‐report questionnaire across three studies, named Hostile Attribution in Romantic Relationships Test. Study 1 introduces the development and preliminary validation (N = 152). Study 2 tests the validity and test–retest stability of the modified version revised based on findings in Study 1 (N = 151). Study 3 reports the translation and validation of a Chinese version (N = 630). The final 9‐vignette scale is the first to specifically measure hostile attribution bias in romantic relationships, with good internal reliability, test–retest stability, and convergent validity. Factor analysis reveals a three‐factor structure reflecting direct hostile attribution, indirect hostile attribution, and benign attribution to partners' behaviors. Implications regarding couple dynamics and clinical therapeutic interventions are discussed.
Nutritional status of children left behind by migrant parents: Evidence from a survey in rural Anhui, eastern China
Authors: Shu Li , Zhu Hao , Zhang Li , Jia Linlin , Zhang Jiaye , Wang Liying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe aimed to explore and analyse the dietary intake patterns of 3‐6 year‐old children left behind by one or both parents and to assess their associations with body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of childhood anaemia in rural Anhui, eastern China. We used random cluster sampling to recruit rural children aged 3–6 years in two rural areas in Anhui province. Sociodemographic information and dietary intake were collected by self‐reported questionnaires. Height, weight and prevalence of anaemia were measured by trained nurses blinded to parental migration status. Factor analysis was applied to determine that major dietary patterns, binary logistic regression and generalised linear regression were used to explore the associations between anaemia and BMI Z‐score with dietary patterns. Of 1720 children aged 3–6 years, 236 were left by both parents and 388 were left by a single parent. The prevalence of stunting and underweight among left‐behind children with migration of both parents (BLBC) was significantly higher than that of non‐left‐behind children (NLBC). Three dietary patterns—“grain–vegetable,” “meat–egg” and “fast food–sweet”—were identified in our study, and the total variance explained was 46.9%. The meat–egg dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of anaemia after adjustment for confounding factors in the left‐behind children with migration of both parents (BLBC), left‐behind children with single parent migration (SLBC) and non‐left‐behind children (NLBC) groups. After adjusting for confounding factors, the fast food–sweet dietary pattern was found to be associated with an increased risk of anaemia (OR [95% CI]: Q4: 2.21 [1.14, 4.57], p = 0.034). In addition, children with obesity had a lower intake of vegetables and fruits (β = −0.08, 95% CI: −0.13, −0.02) compared with children with a normal weight. In conclusion, there are correlations between different types of parental migration and children's nutritional status in rural Anhui. The meat–egg dietary pattern may have a preventive effect on anaemia in comparison with other dietary patterns, irrespective of whether children are left behind or not. Children with overweight and obesity had a higher intake of pork and red meat and snacks compared with children with normal BMI.
Current insights into cow's milk allergy in children: Microbiome, metabolome, and immune response—A systematic review
Authors: Savova Mariyana V. , Zhu Pingping , Harms Amy C. , van der Molen Renate G. , Belzer Clara , Hendrickx Diana M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of IgE‐mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) in childhood is a worldwide health concern. There is a growing awareness that the gut microbiome (GM) might play an important role in CMA development. Therefore, treatment with probiotics and prebiotics has gained popularity. This systematic review provides an overview of the alterations of the GM, metabolome, and immune response in CMA children and animal models, including post‐treatment modifications. MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies on GM in CMA‐diagnosed children, published before 1 March 2023. A total of 21 articles (13 on children and 8 on animal models) were included. The studies suggest that the GM, characterized by an enrichment of the Clostridia class and reductions in the Lactobacillales order and Bifidobacterium genus, is associated with CMA in early life. Additionally, reduced levels of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and altered amino acid metabolism were reported in CMA children. Commonly used probiotic strains belong to the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera. However, only Bifidobacterium levels were consistently upregulated after the intervention, while alterations of other bacteria taxa remain inconclusive. These interventions appear to contribute to the restoration of SCFAs and amino acid metabolism balance. Mouse models indicate that these interventions tend to restore the Th2/Th1 balance, increase the Treg response, and/or silence the overall pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine response. Overall, this systematic review highlights the need for multi‐omics‐related research in CMA children to gain a mechanistic understanding of this disease and to develop effective treatments and preventive strategies.
A randomized, double‐blind, dose‐controlled study of the use of dexmedetomidine alone for procedural sedation of children and adolescents undergoing MRI scans
Authors: Khan Umar , Hammer Gregory B. , Duncan‐Azadi Cassandra , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Chiles Deborah , Chime Sunring , Chappell Phillip 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDexmedetomidine is a selective α2‐adrenergic agonist originally approved for sedation of adults in the intensive care unit and subsequently approved for procedural sedation in adults undergoing medical procedures. Dexmedetomidine is widely used off‐label for procedural sedation in children.AimsTo evaluate efficacy and safety of monotherapy dexmedetomidine for magnetic resonance imaging procedural sedation of children ≥1month–<17years across three ascending doses.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, dose‐ranging study of procedural sedation recruited patients at USA and Japanese sites from February 2020 to November 2021. Patients were stratified into Cohort A (≥1month–<2years) or Cohort B (≥2–<17years). Cohort A loading doses/maintenance infusions: 0.5 mcg/kg/0.5 mcg/kg/h, 1.0 mcg/kg/1.0 mcg/kg/h, and 1.5 mcg/kg/1.5 mcg/kg/h. Cohort B loading doses/maintenance infusions: 0.5 mcg/kg/0.5 mcg/kg/h, 1.2 mcg/kg/1.0 mcg/kg/h, and 2.0 mcg/kg/1.5 mcg/kg/h. Primary endpoint was percentage of overall patients completing MRI without rescue propofol at the high versus low dose. Key secondary endpoint was percentage in each age cohort who did not require propofol at the high versus low dose.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐two patients received high‐ (n = 38), middle‐ (n = 42), or low‐dose (n = 42) dexmedetomidine. A greater percentage completed MRI without propofol rescue, while receiving high‐ versus low‐dose dexmedetomidine (24/38 [63.2%] vs. 6/42 [14.3%]) (odds ratio: 10.29, 95% confidence interval: 3.47–30.50, p < .001). Similar results were seen in both age cohorts. The most common adverse events were bradypnea, bradycardia, hypertension, and hypotension, and the majority were of mild‐to‐moderate severity.ConclusionsDexmedetomidine was well tolerated. The high dose was associated with meaningfully greater efficacy compared with lower doses. Based on these results, the recommended starting dose for procedural sedation in children ≥1month–<2years is loading dose 1.5 mcg/kg/maintenance infusion 1.5 mcg/kg/h; children ≥2–<17years is loading dose 2.0 mcg/kg/maintenance infusion 1.5 mcg/kg/h.
Sun pain and solar dysesthesia: A new challenge in clinical practice
Authors: Calzavara‐Pinton Piergiacomo , Tonon Francesco , Calzavara‐Pinton Irene 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundA few patients report intense pain and other unpleasant sensations, such as burning, dysesthesia and hyperalgesia, after even brief exposure to the sun and in the absence of any skin lesion. Sometimes they also develop systemic symptoms, such as mild fever, fatigue, faintness and fainting. As a result, these patients carefully avoid even short‐term sun exposure with a consequent severe negative impact on their lives.MethodsWe have reviewed the clinical findings and the results of photobiological investigations of 10 patients who presented this clinical picture. Six of these patients were previously described by our group with the diagnosis of sun pain. We have reviewed the similarities with other previously described disorders such as solar dysesthesia and PUVA pain and have evaluated possible pathogenetic mechanisms.ResultsDuring phototesting our patients experienced intense pain in the exposed area and in the surrounding skin, without any visible lesion, even with very low sub‐erythemal doses. At follow‐up, five patients were diagnosed with fibromyalgia, three with a major depressive disorder, one with bipolar syndrome and one with a conversion disorder. The pathogenesis remains unclear, but the use of a psychopharmacological treatment with antidepressants improved both the neuropsychiatric symptoms and sensitivity to the sun in most subjects.ConclusionFor patients with pain and other severe symptoms in the absence of skin lesions and clinical and laboratory manifestations of known photodermatoses, a neuropsychiatric evaluation should be suggested.
CRISPR‐Cas9 and beyond: identifying target genes for developing disease‐resistant plants
Authors: Park H. J. , Kim M. , Lee D. , Kim H. J. , Jung H. W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThroughout the history of crop domestication, desirable traits have been selected in agricultural products. However, such selection often leads to crops and vegetables with weaker vitality and viability than their wild ancestors when exposed to adverse environmental conditions. Considering the increasing human population and climate change challenges, it is crucial to enhance crop quality and quantity. Accordingly, the identification and utilization of diverse genetic resources are imperative for developing disease‐resistant plants that can withstand unexpected epidemics of plant diseases. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent progress in genome‐editing technologies, including zinc‐finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) technologies. In particular, we classify disease‐resistant mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana and several crop plants based on the roles or functions of the mutated genes in plant immunity and suggest potential target genes for molecular breeding of genome‐edited disease‐resistant plants. Genome‐editing technologies are resilient tools for sustainable development and promising solutions for coping with climate change and population increases.
Pupil dilation reveals the intensity of touch
Authors: Ten Brink Antonia F. , Heiner Iris , Dijkerman H. Chris , Strauch Christoph 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTouch is important for many aspects of our daily activities. One of the most important tactile characteristics is its perceived intensity. However, quantifying the intensity of perceived tactile stimulation is not always possible using overt responses. Here, we show that pupil responses can objectively index the intensity of tactile stimulation in the absence of overt participant responses. In Experiment 1 (n = 32), we stimulated three reportedly differentially sensitive body locations (finger, forearm, and calf) with a single tap of a tactor while tracking pupil responses. Tactile stimulation resulted in greater pupil dilation than a baseline without stimulation. Furthermore, pupils dilated more for the more sensitive location (finger) than for the less sensitive location (forearm and calf). In Experiment 2 (n = 20) we extended these findings by manipulating the intensity of the stimulation with three different intensities, here a short vibration, always at the little finger. Again, pupils dilated more when being stimulated at higher intensities as compared to lower intensities. In summary, pupils dilated more for more sensitive parts of the body at constant stimulation intensity and for more intense stimulation at constant location. Taken together, the results show that the intensity of perceived tactile stimulation can be objectively measured with pupil responses – and that such responses are a versatile marker for touch research. Our findings may pave the way for previously impossible objective tests of tactile sensitivity, for example in minimally conscious state patients.
Moving from coproduction to commonization of digital public goods and services
Authors: Shulz Sébastien 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe hybridization of digital commons and public administration institutions led by bureaucratic entrepreneurs is a relatively recent phenomenon that has received limited attention in the literature. The term coined to describe this evolution is the “commonization” of digital public goods and services. I define commonization as the integration of shared property, peer production, and self‐governance into public administration. To explore the democratizing potential of commonization, I conducted a qualitative study comparing two case studies in France and Spain (Barcelona). My approach involves 44 semistructured interviews and online observations analyzed through the analytical framework of institutional work. The findings highlight five factors that enhance, and two that hinder, citizen power in co‐governance arrangements. In conclusion, I identify the theoretical and practical implications of commonizing digital public goods and services, providing valuable insights for practitioners and scholars, particularly in the New Public Governance paradigm.
Brilaroxazine lipogel displays antipsoriatic activity in imiquimod‐induced mouse model
Authors: Bhat Laxminarayan , Bhat Seema R. , Ramakrishnan Arulprakash , Amirthalingam Muthukumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDopamine (D) and serotonin (5‐HT) pathways contribute to psoriasis pathobiology. Disruptions incite increased inflammatory mediators, keratinocyte activation and deterioration, and worsening symptoms. Brilaroxazine (RP5063), which displays potent high binding affinity to D2/3/4 and 5‐HT1A/2A/2B/7 receptors and a moderate affinity to serotonin transporter (SERT), may affect the underlying psoriasis pathology.MethodsAn imiquimod‐induced psoriatic mouse model (BALB/c) evaluated brilaroxazine's activity in a topical liposomal‐aqueous gel (Lipogel) formulation. Two of the three groups (n = 6 per) underwent induction with 5% imiquimod, and one group received topical brilaroxazine Lipogel (Days 1–11). Assessments included (1) Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores (Days 1–12), skin histology for Baker score based on H&E stained tissue (Day 12), and serum blood collection for serum cytokine analysis (Day 12). One‐way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett's t‐test evaluated significance (p < 0.05).ResultsImiquimod‐induced animal Baker scores were higher versus Sham non‐induced control's results (p < 0.001). Brilaroxazine Lipogel had significantly (p = 0.003) lower Baker scores versus the induced Psoriasis group. Brilaroxazine PASI scores were lower (p = 0.03) versus the induced Psoriasis group (Days 3‐12), with the greatest effect in the last 3 days. The induced Psoriasis group showed higher Ki‐67 and TGF‐β levels versus non‐induced Sham controls (p = 0.001). The brilaroxazine Lipogel group displayed lower levels of these cytokines versus the induced Psoriasis group, Ki‐67 (p = 0.001) and TGF‐β (p = 0.008), and no difference in TNF‐α levels versus Sham non‐induced controls.ConclusionBrilaroxazine Lipogel displayed significant activity in imiquimod‐induced psoriatic animals, offering a novel therapeutic strategy.
Syrian migrant students' attitudes toward science: A comparative analysis with their Turkish peers, Phase I
Authors: Özkan Yakup , Dökme İlbilge 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the context of a cross‐ethnic comparison, this study aimed to determine the attitudes of students from two different ethnic backgrounds (Turkish and Syrian) toward science according to various biological and parental variables. Methodologically, this study was conducted as a quantitative research using the survey method. Data were obtained from 574 Turkish and 321 Syrian migrant students between the ages of 8 and 16. Our findings clearly revealed that certain parental variables, but not gender and age, strongly influence attitudes toward science. It was found that children whose fathers are civil servants, who have more than 100 books at home, and who talk to their parents daily about school or school activities are more advantageous in their attitudes toward science. Hence, based on these results, it can be recommended that families be supported to provide their children with a better quality family environment regarding socioeconomic and psychological aspects to improve children's attitudes toward science regardless of age and gender.
PDR9 allelic variation and MYB63 modulate nutrient‐dependent coumarin homeostasis in Arabidopsis
Authors: DeLoose Megan , Cho Huikyong , Bouain Nadia , Choi Ilyeong , Prom‐U‐Thai Chanakan , Shahzad Zaigham , Zheng Luqing , Rouached Hatem 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARYPlant roots release phytochemicals into the soil environment to influence nutrient availability and uptake. Arabidopsis thaliana roots release phenylpropanoid coumarins in response to iron (Fe) deficiency, likely to enhance Fe uptake and improve plant health. This response requires sufficient phosphorus (P) in the root environment. Nonetheless, the regulatory interplay influencing coumarin production under varying availabilities of Fe and P is not known. Through genome‐wide association studies, we have pinpointed the influence of the ABC transporter G family member, PDR9, on coumarin accumulation and trafficking (homeostasis) under combined Fe and P deficiency. We show that genetic variation in the promoter of PDR9 regulates its expression in a manner associated with coumarin production. Furthermore, we find that MYB63 transcription factor controls dedicated coumarin production by regulating both COUMARIN SYNTHASE (COSY) and FERULOYL‐CoA 6′‐HYDROXYLASE 1 (F6′H1) expression while orchestrating secretion through PDR9 genes under Fe and P combined deficiency. This integrated approach illuminates the intricate connections between nutrient signaling pathways in coumarin response mechanisms.
Blood consumption in the Role 2 setting: A Department of Defense Trauma Registry analysis
Authors: McWhirter Kelly K. , April Michael D. , Fisher Andrew D. , Wright Franklin L. , Rizzo Julie A. , Corley Jason B. , Getz Todd M. , Schauer Steven G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Role 2 setting represents the most far‐forward military treatment facility with limited surgical and holding capabilities. There are limited data to guide recommendations on blood product utilization at the Role 2. We describe the consumption of blood products in this setting.Study Design and MethodsWe analyzed data from 2007 to 2023 from the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (DODTR) that received care at a Role 2. We used descriptive and inferential statistics to characterize the volumes of blood products consumed in this setting. We also performed a secondary analysis of US military, Coalition, and US contractor personnel.ResultsWithin our initial cohort analysis of 15,581 encounters, 17% (2636) received at least one unit of PRBCs or whole blood, of which 11% received a submassive transfusion, 4% received a massive transfusion, and 1% received a supermassive transfusion. There were 6402 encounters that met inclusion for our secondary analysis. With this group, 5% received a submassive transfusion, 2% received a massive transfusion, and 1% received a supermassive transfusion.ConclusionsWe described volumes of blood products consumed at the Role 2 during recent conflicts. The maximum number of units consumed among survivors exceeds currently recommended available blood supply. Our findings suggest that rapid resupply and cold‐stored chain demands may be higher than anticipated in future conflicts.