bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior of Platinum-Group Elements during Hydrous Metamorphism: Constraints from Awaruite (Ni3Fe) Mineralization
Authors: Kutyrev Anton , Kamenetsky Vadim S. , Kontonikas-Charos Alkiviadis , Savelyev Dmitry P. , Yakich Tamara Yu. , Belousov Ivan A. , Sandimirova Elena I. , Moskaleva Svetlana V. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Natural Fe-Ni alloys are common in meteorites and, presumably, the Earth’s core, where they host significant platinum-group elements (PGE). However, little is known on PGE concentrations in hydrothermal or metamorphic Fe-Ni alloys (i.e., awaruite Ni3Fe) from terrestrial rocks. In this work, we examine the geochemistry of awaruite and related minerals from several placer deposits sourced from the suprasubduction ophiolitic (Kamchatsky Mys, Karaginsky Island, and Mamet) and Ural-Alaskan (Galmoenan) complexes of Kamchatka and the Koryak Highlands (Far East Russia) in order to assess the abundance of PGE in awaruite and constrain their mobility under metamorphic and hydrothermal conditions. Studied awaruite from ophiolitic and Ural-Alaskan type complexes formed via desulfurization of pentlandite during serpentinization. Three groups of platinum-group minerals (PGMs) are associated with awaruite from Kamchatsky Mys: (1) Pt-Fe alloys such as ferronickelplatinum (Pt2FeNi) or unnamed Ni2FePt alloys; (2) Os-Ir-Ru alloys of various composition; (3) Pd-Sb minerals which form together with serpentine during hydrothermal alteration. Despite the abundance of PGM inclusions, no significant PGE concentrations were measured in awaruite from the Kamchatsky Mys, Karaginsky Island, or Mamet ophiolites. In contrast, pentlandite relicts in awaruite from placers related to the Galmoenan Ural-Alaskan type complex contain exceptionally high, previously unreported, Os (up to 540 ppm). Awaruite that forms on behalf of this pentlandite does not show any significant Os enrichment. Rare Galmoenan awaruite analyses yield up to 3 ppm Pd. The new data are not in complete accordance with previous studies that reported relatively high (up to first 10 ppm) PGE content in awaruite. We attribute this to low PGE concentration in precursor sulfides and preferential partitioning of PGE into discrete secondary PGM within awaruite. Nevertheless, abundant inclusions of secondary PGM in awaruite provide evidence of PGE mobility during metamorphic and hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks.
Uvarovite from Reduced Native Fe-Bearing Paralava, Hatrurim Complex, Israel
Authors: Futrzyński Jacek , Juroszek Rafał , Skrzyńska Katarzyna , Vapnik Yevgeny , Galuskin Evgeny 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A new genetic type of chromium garnet—uvarovite with the simplified formula Ca3(Cr,Al,Ti4+,V3+)2(Si,Al)3O12—was detected in unusual wollastonite-gehlenite-bearing paralava within the Hatrurim Complex in Israel. The pyrometamorphic rocks of that Complex usually formed in the sanidinite facies (low pressure and high temperature) and, as a rule, under oxidized conditions. This paralava contains nodules and grain aggregates of native Fe, usually distributed linearly in the rock or located close to gaseous voids. The presence of native iron droplets in association with the “meteoric” phosphide—schreibersite, suggests that the formation of paralava occurred under high-reducing conditions and high temperature, reaching 1500°C. Uvarovite forms xenomorphic grains either randomly distributed within the rock or flattened crystals on the walls of gaseous voids. Analyzed uvarovite indicates a significant enrichment in Ti4+ (up to 8 wt.% TiO2) and V3+ (up to 4.5 wt.% V2O3), the highest concentrations documented for uvarovite. Unlike known uvarovite from different localities, uvarovite from this study does not contain Fe3+, and Fe2+ is present in insignificant amounts. The obtained structural data reveal that the high contribution of hutcheonite, Ca3Ti4+2SiAl2O12 (up to 18%), and goldmanite, Ca3V3+2Si3O12 (up to 11%), end-members increases the lattice parameter a to &gt;12.00 Å. The crystallization of uvarovite occurs in the narrow interval of oxygen fugacity, a little above the iron-wüstite buffer ƒO2 ≥ ΔIW. Uvarovite xenomorphic grains formed due to the decomposition of wollastonite and chromite, including H2S from the intergranular melt/fluid according to the following reaction: Ca3Si3O9 + Fe2+Cr3+2O4 + H2S → Ca3Cr2Si3O12 + FeS + H2O, while the flattened crystals grew from specific melt that formed on the walls of the voids as a result of exposure of hot gas flow. The comparison of the obtained results with available chemical data from previous studies reveals a gap in the natural isomorphic series between andradite and uvarovite.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Sacroiliac Joints in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Does Phenotype or Gender Matter?
Authors: Pereira Gabriel Caetano , Machado Natalia Pereira , Gomes André Francisco , Assad Rodrigo Luppino , Carneiro Fabio Henrique , Azevedo Valderílio Feijó 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) represents a group of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases characterized by predominant involvement of the axial skeleton (sacroiliitis and spondylitis) but with distinguishing features. The objectives of this study were to analyze imaging differences (sacroiliac and spine) between different phenotypes and gender in axial SpA.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate clinical data, laboratory findings, magnetic resonance imaging scores of sacroiliac joints (SPARCC and SSS), and cervical and lumbar spine radiographs (mSASSS). The study compared a cohort of patients with axial SpA based on SpA phenotype: radiographic and non-radiographic ax SpA and axial psoriatic arthritis (AxPsA), as well as gender.
Results
Ninety-four patients were recruited, with 62 patients in the axial SpA group and 32 patients in the axPsA group. The axial SpA group exhibited a higher frequency of HLA-B27 allele positivity, while the axPsA group showed older age (p = 0.01), higher frequency of peripheral arthritis (p < 0.001), and cardiovascular risk (p = 0.001). There was greater use of anti-TNF-alpha agents (p = 0.01) and NSAIDs (p = 0.026) in the axial SpA group and anti-IL-17A antibodies in the axPsA group (p = 0.002). There were no differences in disease activity, mobility, radiographic damage in the spine (mSASSS), or sacroiliac MRI scores (SSS and SPARCC) between the two groups. Regarding gender, in imaging exams, men had higher mSASSS (p = 0.008), SSS (p = 0.001), and fat metaplasia (MG) score based on SSS (p = 0.001), while women had significantly higher SPARCC scores (p = 0.039). In the male group, the presence of HLA-B27 allele had an impact on more structural lesions on MRI (SSS), p = 0.013.
Conclusion
In this study, the evaluation of sacroiliac joints by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with axial SpA did not show differences in phenotypes but did reveal differences based on gender, which may have an impact on future diagnostic guidelines. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Core Components of Joint Health and Wellbeing Strategies: a pan-London audit study of all 33 local authorities
Authors: Asmar Marie Line El , Karki Manisha , Mall Bathsheba , Riboli-Sasco Eva , El-Osta Austen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
In the UK, Joint Strategic Needs Assessments (JSNAs) and Joint Health and Wellbeing Strategies (H&WS) were introduced to identify and help address the health needs of local communities. H&WS translate JSNAs into actionable outcomes and prioritise areas of focus, but their content and approach may vary across different local authorities (LAs) due to demographic and priority differences.
Objective
Characterise the key health and wellbeing components of existing and emerging health and wellbeing strategies of 33 local authorities in London.
Design
Audit study with content assessment.
Methods
An online search was conducted to identify extant H&WS documents. This search was supplemented with outreach to health and wellbeing boards to ensure that the latest documents were retrieved. A set of 62 health and wellbeing themes and words to be captured spanning 13 categories was developed by a team of researchers, and data collection was independently carried out by two researchers. Occurrences of words in the strategy documents were recorded, and a configuration matrix was created and used to determine data trends across the local authorities. A broad search of the context in which the search terms appeared was also performed to understand the trends.
Results
Thirty-three H&WS were analysed to identify key search term frequencies. The analysis encompassed strategies from 2015 to 2030, ranging from 7 to 94 pages. Mental health and youth terms emerged as the two top priorities across all strategies. Other frequent terms were related to access to healthcare, inequality, employment, smoking, housing, carers, and elderly individuals. Conversely, terms related to dental health, pollution, nutrition, sexual health, green spaces, breastfeeding, and climate were less cited.
Conclusion
This analysis provides insights into regional health priorities and a comprehensive overview of health and wellbeing strategies across London's local authorities. Despite certain limitations, the findings offer valuable insights for local authorities' strategic planning and future research.
Stacked Ensemble Based Deep Learning Approach for Plant Disease Classification and Farming Decision Support
Authors: Dhanasekaran Menaga , M Sudha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Plant disease detection is challenging and essential factor for crop yield. In broad-spectrum, most of the existing dataset used for disease prediction consists of observatory records of several plant image parameters with a greater number of diseased images and healthy images. Identifying the significant parameters from irrelevant parameters and redundant parameters for disease prediction is significant because irrelevant parameters may decrease the prediction accuracy. This research investigation describes the impact of disease prediction on single plant or multi-plant with the predicted labels, loss, accuracy and epochs for the both trainable parameters and non-trainable parameters. The prediction is intricate process in agricultural field because all decisions are made within a fact of uncertainty associated with the greater number of images. This research findings introduces a novel stacked ensemble computing approach for identifying incorrectly classified images and correct classified images. Single learning approach may suffer from statistical, computational and representational issues. To eliminate these issues, the proposed system combines multiple machine learning algorithms called ensemble learning, to detect the disease attacks in plants better than the existing conventional learning. Stacking is a two-level classification model, namely Base Learners (Level- 0) and Meta Learner (Level-1). These two-level classifications ensure the classification accuracy as high. Image dataset, image features are the inputs for the proposed model to support two level classification. The stacked ensemble learning is used for classification of diseases of various plant and extracts the shape features of affected plants. The proposed model is the first system, which is designed to detect single plant disease images and also multi-plant leaf disease images. To detect multi-plant leaf diseased images, the proposed model trained with more than 30,000 images in many levels. The experimental results show the proposed stacked ensemble learning method used for classifying the disease based on loss, accuracy and number of epochs in hyper parameter attained 99.93% of accuracy and outperformed when compared with other existing ensemble learning methods.
Effect of Lensectomy on incidence of retinal detachment in Non- Traumatic Ectopia Lentis
Authors: Alhaimi Fawzia , Al-Shamrani Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of lens aspiration and anterior vitrectomy in the development of retinaldetachment in eyes with non-traumatic ectopia lentis.
Methods:
This retrospective study evaluated patients withnon-traumatic ectopia lentis Traumatic cases and patients with Stickler syndrome were excluded. The eyes weredivided into two groups: eyes that had undergone lens aspiration and anterior vitrectomy with or without IOLimplantation (surgical group) and, eyes that had no surgical intervention (non-surgical group).
Result:
The studysample was comprised of 115 eyes of 63 patients. There were 36 (57.1%) and 27 (42.9%) females. The medianage of patients was 14 years (25% quartile, 8; minimum, 2 years and maximum, 55 years). There were 74 eyes inthe non-surgical group. There were 41 eyes in the surgical group that had undergone Lensectomy (31 limbalapproach and 10 pars plana) with intraocular lens implantation in 22 (19%) eyes..The incidence of retinaldetachment (n=25) was 21.7% (95% confidence interval: 17.7 to 25.4). 17 eyes (23%) in the non-surgical groupdeveloped retinal detachment and 8 eyes (19.5%) in the surgical group developed retinal detachment (P = 0.7).
Conclusion:
There was no difference in the incidence of retinal detachment between eyes with ectopia lentis thatundergone lensectomy with or without IOL implantation compared to eyes that had not undergone any surgery.However, larger studies are required to evaluate the effect of lens aspiration on the development of retinaldetachment in patients with ectopia lentis.
Passive flutter suppression with rotary nonlinear energy sink
Authors: Araujo Gabriel Placeres , Marques Flávio Donizeti , Silva José Augusto Ignácio da 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The control of aeroelastic phenomena, such as flutter, is of great interest due to its high amplitude self-excited characteristic. Nonlinear Energy Sinks (NES) are vibration absorbers whose nonlinear coupling to the structure contributes to broad excitation ranges for passive suppression. This paper investigates the attachment of a rotary-type NES (RNES) to an aeroelastic typical section to suppress nonlinear flutter oscillations passively. An unsteady aerodynamic loads model is used based on the Theodorsen and Wagner approaches. Pitching structural nonlinearity is added, inducing limit cycle oscillations in the airfoil. The system is modeled and numerically simulated. A dynamic characterization is done, obtaining the mechanisms of action of RNES through a regime identification, and its typical bifurcation behavior is accessed. A parametric analysis based on the system bifurcation over different RNES configurations is used to understand how each design parameter influences vibration mitigation performance and how absorption regimes correlate with RNES effectiveness. An energy analysis is carried through to conceive the activation of the Targeted Energy Transfer suppression mechanism and an energy-based parametric analysis of RNES performance. The results indicate that NES efficiency for flutter postponement is related mainly to low-radius devices located near the leading edge. RNES mass and angular damping parameters also present an impact but are limited due to subcritical behavior.
Absolutely dating the European Neolithic through a rapid 14C excursion
Authors: Maczkowski Andrej , Pearson Charlotte , Francuz John , Giagkoulis Tryfon , Szidat Sönke , Wacker Lukas , Bolliger Matthias , Kotsakis Kostas , Hafner Albert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The discovery of abrupt radiocarbon (14C) excursions (Solar Energetic Particle events, or Miyake events) in sequences of radiocarbon measurements from calendar dated tree-rings, has yielded new opportunities to assign absolute, calendar dates to undated wood samples from widely ranging contexts in history and prehistory. We report on an important tree-ring and 14C-dating based study, which secures the Neolithic site of Dispilio, Northern Greece, a key site for the Aegean Neolithic, in absolute, calendar-dated time using the Miyake event of 5259 BC. The last ring of the 303-year-long juniper tree-ring chronology from Dispilio is dated to 5140 BC. Dispilio is thus the first prehistoric site absolutely dated through a 14C signature (Miyake event), but also the first absolutely, calendar-year dated prehistoric site in the wider Mediterranean region.
Exploring Perceptions and Factors Influencing HPV Vaccination Acceptance Among Egyptian Muslim Women: A Multidimensional Analysis
Authors: Namoos Asmaa , Abosamak NourEldin , Shaaban Bahaa , Abdelkarim Maryam , Bastaich Dustin , Ramadan Dina , Abdou Mostafa , Ramadan Rana , Sheppard Vanessa , Gal Tamas S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and effective vaccines have been developed to combat its impact. However, there is a lack of awareness among Egyptian women regarding HPV and its preventive measures.
Methods
This cross-sectional quantitative study aimed to explore factors influencing HPV awareness among Egyptian women. A survey was conducted to participants recruited from clinics at Alexandria University Hospitals in 2021. Inclusion criteria included being a woman aged 18 years or older. Data analysis involved a multivariable logistic regression model to assess associations between covariates and HPV awareness.
Results
The study included 99 participants, ranging from 18 to 55 years of age. The majority were married, had an education below high school, and had a monthly income between $100–300. Unmarried participants, those with higher education levels, and higher incomes demonstrated higher levels of HPV awareness. The logistic regression model indicated that education level and religiosity score were significant predictors of HPV awareness. Participants with higher education levels had 6.84 times higher odds of being aware of HPV, while those with higher religiosity scores had lower odds.
Conclusion
The results of this study highlight the need for programs that target less educated and highly religious populations to raise awareness about HPV and encourage HPV vaccination. Further studies should be conducted to better understand the complex interplay of demographic, cultural, and religious factors that influence HPV awareness and vaccination uptake.
Progression of Large Language Models for Clinical Decision Support: An Evaluation for Rare and Frequent Diseases using GPT-3.5, GPT 4 and Naïve Google Search
Authors: Varghese Julian , Sandmann Sarah , Riepenhausen Sarah , Plagwitz Lucas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have become increasingly prevalent. Even without medical approval, people will use it to seek health advice, much like searching for diagnoses on Google.
We performed a systematic analysis of GPT-3·5 and GPT-4 for suggesting diagnosis, examination steps and treatment of newly processed 110 medical case reports from different clinical disciplines. Balanced groups of rare, less frequent and frequent diseases were used as input. For the diagnosis task a naïve Google search was performed as benchmark comparison. Performance was assessed by two independent physicians using a 5-point Likert scale.
The results showed superior performance of GPT-4 over GPT-3·5 considering diagnosis and examination and superior performance over Google for diagnosis. With the exception of treatment, better performance on frequent vs rare diseases was evident for all approaches.
In conclusion, the LLMs showed growing potential for medical question answering in two successive major releases. However, several weaknesses and challenges necessitate the utilization of quality-controlled and regulated types of AI-models to qualify as medical applications.
AI Luddites: Consumers Penalize Creative Work Output Generated by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Chung Jaeyeon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Generative AI's expanding role extends beyond utilitarian tasks like coding, encompassing creative endeavors such as design and writing. Yet, this surge in adoption triggers resistance among creative professionals, who fear job displacement and societal disruption. This paper delves into consumer reactions when companies employ generative AI for creative tasks instead of humans. Five pre-registered experiments, involving brand posters, film scripts, and logos, unveil people’s reactions against AI-generated creativity. People penalize artwork after they learn that the work is produced by AI; this tendency is most pronounced among those with Luddite leanings, reminiscent of 19th-century textile workers who distrusted machines. Process evidence indicates that these people perceive AI output as lacking the procedural human touch essential to artistic creation, penalizing AI-generated work despite its high quality. Social implications are discussed, raising questions about a company's 'appropriate' use of AI, and its impact on perceptions of ethics and brand image. The paper also opens discussion on whether businesses should disclose their use of generative AI in creative tasks and, if so, to what extent.
VR and DL Empowered Progressive Muscle Relaxation for Sleep Facilitation and Monitoring
Authors: Cai Chuangxin , Liu Dong , Zou Yu , Lang Xu , Pan Zhigeng , Liu Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Insomnia is a widespread public health issue with global implications, garnering significant attention in the field of biomedicine. Sleep deprivation result in various problems, including affect one’s memory and cognitive abilities. With the development of modern technologies, such as deep learning (DL), virtual reality (VR), utilizing these technologies to improve sleep has become an open and hot research. In this paper, we developed the SleepSenseVR system with sleep behavior recognition algorithm based on deep learning and progressive muscle relaxation based on sleep state feedback (PMR-SSF) threapy to decrease sleep onset latency. The sleeping-aid system promotes progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) integrated DL, VR and multimedia technology for sleep assistance. We conducted user experiments, inviting 36 participants to test three different systems, including VR, VR combined with PMR, and VR combined with PMR-SSF. This paper empirically evaluates these three systems, and the experimental results show that PMR-SSF is an effective method for sleep promotion, providing theoretical and practical value for the rapid development of sleep medicine.
Stability Analysis of Hole Wall for Bored Piles
Authors: LONG Zhao , ZHANG Lei , HE Laping , GUO Zhiyuan , WANG Zhengzhen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Based on the theory of small hole expansion and elastic-plastic theory, this paper studied the instability mechanism of the hole wall of bored pile, gave the stress expansion solution of the soil layer after the excavation of pile holes in the semi-infinite elastic soil layer, and established its mechanical model. Then, the stability of hole wall of bored pile in cohesive soil layer and sandy soil layer was analyzed, and the calculation formula of pile hole wall stability was obtained. Finally the stability of hole wall of bored pile under the action of mud slurry was calculated, and the stress on the pile hole wall was analyzed when local instability and overall instability occur, respectively. The results show that in sandy soil layer, the safety factor of hole wall of bored pile when it is stable has no connection with the depth of pile hole, but is related to the density of mud slurry in the pile hole. For the region of third stage expansion project of Lanzhou Zhongchuan International Airport, the critical safety stability factor for the instability of hole wall of bored pile is 0.47. When the safety stability factor is less than 0.47, the soil layer of the hole wall of bored pile would be unstable, and the hole wall will collapse. In the unstable soil layers, the pile hole wall was prone to instability, and the stability of hole wall could be improved by appropriately increasing the gravity of mud slurry. With the increase of pile diameter, the lateral displacement and deformation of hole wall increase, and the displacement of soil layer increases when the hole wall is unstable, resulting in increasing the possibility of forming variable cross-section piles correspondingly.