bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Hydraulic Optimization Design Method of Water-Jet Propulsion Pump Considering Hump Index
Authors: Long Yun , Zheng Yingying , Han Hanqiao , Zhong Jinqing , Zhu Rongsheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In order to improve the efficiency of water-jet pump and reduce or eliminate the hump phenomenon, it is necessary to optimize the impeller design. In this paper, the optimization of water-jet propulsion pump is studied by combining numerical simulation and experiment.The orthogonal optimization design scheme is established. Based on the numerical simulation method, the hydraulic performance indexes such as energy coefficient, torque coefficient and efficiency of the design points of different design schemes are obtained. The final optimization design is completed by further optimizing the profile and spatial position of the optimal efficiency factor level combination A2B1C1D1 at different spanwise heights.Then, based on the results of numerical simulation by CFX, using Python and LabVIEW programming software, a pump flow head curve fitting and hump judgment program is developed, which can realize the function of curve fitting of flow head, giving the position of trough and peak, and calculating the value of hump climbing coefficient Chump. The influence of different blade structure parameters on the hydraulic performance and energy characteristic curve hump of the water-jet pump is analyzed, and the optimization design of the high-performance water-jet pump considering the hump index is completed. In summary, This method is not only applicable to the hydraulic optimization of the water-jet propulsion pump, but also the research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the high-performance and low-vibration design of the water jet propulsion pump.
Co-release of cytokines after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with PCI
Authors: Wan Mingying , Hu Kun , Lu Yi , Wang Cheng , Mao Bin , Yang Qing , Zheng Zhenzhong , Wu Hao , Luo Yihong , Maiti Amit K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) often requires stent implantation leading to cardiovascular injury and cytokine release. Stent implantation induces cytokines production including TNFα, Hs-CRP, IL-1ß, IL2 receptor, IL6, IL8, and IL10, but their co-release is not extensively established. In 311 PCI patients with Drug-Eluting Stent (DES) implantation, we statistically evaluate the correlation of these cytokines release in various clinical conditions, stent numbers, and medications. We observed that TNFα is moderately correlated with IL-1ß (r2 = 0.59, p = 0.001) in diabetic PCI patients. Similarly, in NSTEMI (Non-ST Segment Elevation) patients, TNFα is strongly correlated with both IL-1ß (r2 = 0.97, p = 0.001) and IL8 (r2 = 0.82, p = 0.001). In CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)-diagnosed patients TNFα is highly correlated (r2 = 0.84, p = 0.0001) with IL8 release but not with IL-1ß. In patients with an increased number of stents, Hs-CRP is significantly coupled with IL8 > 5pg/ml (t-statistic = 4.5, p < 0.0001). Inflammatory suppressor drugs are correlated as TNFα and IL8 are better suppressed by Metoprolol 23.75 (r2 = 0.58, p < 0.0001) than by Metoprolol 11.87 (r2 = 0.80, p = 0.5306). Increased TNFα and IL-1ß are better suppressed by the antiplatelet drug Brilinta (r2 = 0.30, p < 0.0001) but not with Clopidogrel (r2 = 0.87, p < 0.0001). ACI/ARB Valsartan 80 (r2 = 0.43, p = 0.0011) should be preferred over Benazepril 5.0 (r2 = 0.9291, p < 0.0001) or Olmesartan (r2 = 0.90, p = 0.0001). Thus, the co-release of IL-1ß, IL8 with TNFα, or only IL8 with TNFα could be a better predictor for the outcome of stent implantation in NSTEMI and CAD-diagnosed AMI patients respectively. Cytokine suppressive medications should be chosen carefully to inhibit further cardiovascular damage.
A novel version of hierarchical genetic algorithm and its application for hyperparameters optimization in CNN models for structural delamination identification
Authors: Yu Chuan , Zheng ShiJie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel approach for modelling the dynamic characteristics of composite laminated structures. The proposed numerical model employs the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in combination with non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) to accurately capture the behavior of the laminated plate. The free vibration response of the composite plate is obtained by applying Hamilton's principle in conjunction with isogeometric analysis (IGA). The study investigates the effects of delamination location and size on the natural frequencies of the composite plate. The efficiency and precision in identifying the location and size of delamination are specified through a comparison of the computed results with those that exist in the published literature. To further enhance the accuracy of delamination prediction, this study employs two convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures. One CNN model is designed to predict the damage degree of delamination, while the other is a multi-output regression model used to predict the X and Y coordinates of the delamination center. Using frequency shifts as the input for the network, which is readily obtainable data. Compared to other machine learning models, this method offers significant advantages in delamination prediction, achieving up to 95% accuracy in evaluating the damage degree quantification. However, parameter settings have an effect on the prediction accuracy of delamination in laminated plates. In response to this issue, a novel delamination prediction model is developed in this paper. The hierarchical genetic algorithm is used to optimize the architecture of CNN. The CNN based on a hierarchical genetic algorithm (HGACNN) achieves a prediction accuracy improvement of 20–30% compared to conventional machine learning networks currently in use.
The influence of multidimensional urban form of counties on carbon emissions of residents and its planning implications: Evidence from counties in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Guo Ran , Leng Hong , Yuan Qing , Song Shiyi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Accurate estimation of the impact of urban form on carbon emissions of residents (CER) is a crucial prerequisite for China to adopt effective low-carbon spatial planning strategies and achieve the carbon peak and neutrality goals (hereafter “dual carbon” goals). However, as the most basic governmental unit and the new energy consumer in China, counties have rarely been concerned, and the relationship between their urban form and the CER is still limitedly understood.This paper seeks to investigate how urban form influences the CER by taking the 90 counties in the Yangtze River Delta of China as a case study. First, considering the features of the county's urban form and residents' energy consumption, this study focused on analyzing the urban form of the main center and the overall urban form composed of the main center and surrounding towns. Second, based on the needs of sustainable development at county level and the framework of China's territorial spatial planning, this study defined urban form in two dimensions: geometric-aspect urban form and built environment-aspect urban form. Finally, the relationships between urban form and the CER were modelled using partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM). Results reveal that (1) the geometric-aspect urban form variables (scale, compactness, spatial structures, and shape) exert a direct influence on the CER.Controlling the urban development boundary, increasing compactness of themain center, developing in the direction of multiple centers, and minimizing the complexity and narrowness of theshape of the main center positively impact the CER. (2) For the built environment-aspect urban form variables, improving the accessibility of public service facilities and green space coverage is beneficial for counties to reduce the CER, and currently improving road traffic status and energy infrastructurehas a significant contribution to the growth of the CER.(3) The geometric characteristics of urban form indirectly affect the CER by influencing the built environment characteristics of urban form. Road traffic, greening spaces, public service facilities, and energy infrastructureare influential intermediaries. This study identifies the intricate correlation between the county's urban form and the CER, providing a scientific foundation for the formulation of policies aimed at optimizing urban form and achieving “dual carbon” goals.
Investigation and optimization of energy absorption performance of axially joined metal and composite foam-filled hybrid tubes
Authors: Meric Dursun , GEDİKLİ Hasan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Hybrid structures attract attention because they eliminate the disadvantages of composite and metal materials and have many potential applications. In this study, the energy absorption performances of single, double and triple hybrid tubes formed from different materials as metal/metal and metal/composite were examined experimentally and numerically. The hybrid tubes were filled with five different functional aluminum foams of different densities to improve their energy-absorbing performance. Multi-objective optimization (MOO) studies were carried out to obtain the highest specific energy absorption (SEA) and the lowest peak force configuration for each of the single, double and triple hybrid tubes. In MOO studies, functional foam densities (500–1500 kg/m3) and wall thicknesses (1–4 mm) were optimized by genetic algorithm. As a result, absorbed energy (AE) and SEA values of hybrid tubes with optimum foam densities and wall thicknesses increased.
Rotation Angle Vibration Suppression for Variable Length flexible Manipulator Based on Neural Network Identification With Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Wei Lai , Yin meng , Zhou nan sai 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The variable-length flexible manipulator has an impact on the flexibility of joints and the flexibility load, in which vibration at the angle of rotation will occur. To suppress the vibration, a control law combining neural network identification, sliding mode control and angle-independent method is presented. To begin with, the variable-length flexible manipulator dynamic equations are established considering friction torque and two-dimensional deformation. Then, An adaptive law for the neural network weight coefficients is devised using the Lyapunov stability theorem .At last, the simulated analysis and controlled experiments are performed. The experimental finding demonstrates this: The control accuracy of rotation angle can be improved by using neural network compensation for the uncertain part. The flexible load vibration can be suppressed by the angle-independent method. The mean absolute error of rotation angle can be decrease by 15.85% using the combination control strategy. This proves that the control strategy presented can effectually.
The structure, function, and adaptation of lower-limb aponeuroses: implications for myo-aponeurotic injury.
Authors: Hulm Scott , Timmins Ryan , Hickey Jack , Maniar Nirav , Lin Yi-Chung , Knaus Katie , Heiderscheit Bryan , Blemker Silvia , Opar David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The aponeurosis is a large fibrous connective tissue structure within and surrounding skeletal muscle and is a critical component of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU). Due to the lack of consensus on terminology and heterogeneous nature of the aponeurosis between MTU’s, there are several questions that remain unanswered. For example, the aponeurosis is often conflated with the free tendon rather than being considered an independent structure. This has subsequent implications when interpreting data regarding the structure, function, and adaptation of the aponeuroses from these studies. In recent years, a body of work has emerged to suggest that acute injury to the myo-aponeurotic complex may have a significant impact on return-to-sport timeframes and reinjury rates. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a detailed understanding of the morphology and mechanical behaviour common to all aponeuroses, as well as the unique characteristics of specific lower-limb aponeuroses which are commonly injured. This review provides the practitioner with a current understanding of the mechanical, material, and adaptive properties of lower limb aponeuroses and suggests directions for future research related to the myo-aponeurotic complex.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Different Organs of Wallago Attu and Sperata seenghala at Different Sites of River Chenab, Pakistan
Authors: Yasmeen Roheela , Rafique Sofia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in water bodies poses a significant threat, leading to its accumulation in fish, raising concerns for both ecological balance and human consumption safety. The present study was aimed to see contamination of heavy metals like Zinc, Copper, Chromium, Mercury, Cadmium, and to assess amount of essential metals such as Iron, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium in skin, heart, gills, muscles, kidney and liver of two fish species Mullee (Wallago Attu) and Singhi (Sperata seenghala). The fish samples were collected from two different sites of Chenab River located in district Gujrat, Pakistan. Samples were analyzed with the help of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (FAAS) at PCSIR. The pattern of metal accumulation of essential elements was observed in skin, liver, muscles, kidney, gills, and heart of both species in the order Na > K > Ca > Fe. Trend of heavy metals were recorded as Zn > Cu > Hg > Cd > Cr. The highest accumulation of heavy metal was found in skin of both species followed by heart, gills, muscles, kidney and liver. The highest concentration of Zinc were noticed in heart of both fish. Independent sample t test was applied and significant differences were noticed at .048 p value in the sites while, non-significant differences were notice at > 0.05 between two fish species. There were noticed a significant differences among metals, but non-significant differences were noticed in organs of two fish by one way ANOVA. The study revealed that Chenab River is being polluted with heavy metals because of unfiltered discharge from industries and sewage runoff, agriculture, and mining activities from surroundings.
Bolt Looseness Detection in Flanged Pipe Using Parametric Modeling
Authors: Bonab Behzad Totakhaneh , Sadeghi Morteza Homayoun , Ettefagh M.Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Early detection of looseness in bolted flanges is crucial for safety in the oil and gas industries. Failure to do so could result in catastrophic accidents like leakage and explosions. One way to indirectly detect looseness is by analyzing vibration signals from structures connected by such joints. If the structure can be sufficiently vibrated, changes in its vibration parameters may indicate looseness as it reduces joint and structural stiffness. Modeling dynamic systems with autoregressive models is advantageous, as changes in their parameters are a reflection of structural damage. In this study, an integrated parametric model algorithm was developed to detect loosening in flanged pipes. By using Autoregressive model parameters as looseness feature vector, a loose indicator based on Mahalanobis distance can be utilized for detection. The proposed approach was validated using both stationary (AR) and non-stationary (TAR) models adapted for flanged pipe structure vibrations. The structure was excited with white noise (stationary state), and with a moving mass inside the pipe (non-stationary state) to make the identification method practical. The proposed method was able to identify flange looseness at early stages using an output-only method, as shown in the results.
Effective optimization of atomic decoration in giant and superstructurally ordered crystals with machine learning
Authors: Cerasoli Frank , Donadio Davide 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Crystals with complicated geometry are often observed with mixed chemical occupancy among Wyckoff sites, presenting a unique challenge for accurate atomic modeling. Similar systems possessing exact occupancy on all sites can exhibit superstructural ordering, dramatically inflating the unit cell size. Here, we propose a site permutation search (SPS) algorithm for discovering the optimal atomic decoration on fixed crystalline geometries. Our approach relies on the evidence that, for a given chemical composition, a crystal graph convolutional neural network estimates the correct energetic ordering of different atomic decorations, as predicted by electronic structure calculations. This provides a suitable energy landscape, in which site occupation is optimized to discover the chemical decoration of crystals exhibiting mixed or disordered occupancy, or superstructural ordering. The optimization algorithm is based on Monte Carlo moves combined with simulated annealing and basin-hopping techniques. Verification of the procedure is carried out on several known compounds, including the superstructurally ordered clathrate compound Rb8Ga27Sb16 and vacancy-ordered perovskite Cs2SnI6. This strategy provides a fast, accurate, and scalable method for determining favorable decoration in complex crystals.
Evaluating Risk Factors and Complications in Mandibular Ramus Block Grafting: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bayram Ferit , Göçmen Gökhan , Özkan Yaşar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for and complications associated with alveolar grafting using autologous mandibular ramus grafts.Materials and methods The study included 70 patients who underwent alveolar crest augmentation with autologous mandibular ramus block grafting. Intraoperative, early postoperative, and late postoperative complications were analyzed, as were various risk factors.Results The results showed that the majority of patients had successful outcomes with minimal complications. Sex was found to significantly influence the visibility of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Early postoperative complications were associated with IAN visibility and the use of a single screw for graft fixation. Late postoperative complications were significantly associated with the presence of infection.Conclusion The findings emphasize the importance of careful surgical techniques, infection prevention, and patient selection in minimizing complications.Clinical relevance This article may contribute to clinicians' and so patients' understanding of potential risk factors associated with over all ramus block grafting procedure. Based on this information, clinicians can also improve their ability to manage risk factors and associated complications and compare ramus block grafting with other alternatives to determine the best treatment approach for that particular patient.
LOXHD1 is indispensable for coupling auditory mechanosensitive channels to the site of force transmission
Authors: Wang Pei , Miller Katharine K. , He Enqi , Dhawan Siddhant S. , Cunningham Christopher L. , Grillet Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Hearing is initiated in hair cells by the mechanical activation of ion channels in the hair bundle. The hair bundle is formed by stereocilia organized into rows of increasing heights interconnected by tip links, which convey sound-induced forces to stereocilia tips. The auditory mechanosensitive channels are complexes containing at least four protein-subunits – TMC1/2, TMIE, CIB2, and LHFPL5 – and are located at the tips of shorter stereocilia at a yet-undetermined distance from the lower tip link insertion point. While multiple auditory channel subunits appear to interact with the tip link, it remains unknown whether their combined interaction alone can resist the high-frequency mechanical stimulations owing to sound. Here we show that an unanticipated additional element, LOXHD1, is indispensable for maintaining the TMC1 pore-forming channel subunits coupled to the tip link. We demonstrate that LOXHD1 is a unique element of the auditory mechanotransduction complex that selectively affects the localization of TMC1, but not its close developmental paralogue TMC2. Taking advantage of our novel immunogold scanning electron microscopy method for submembranous epitopes (SUB-immunogold-SEM), we demonstrate that TMC1 normally concentrates within 100-nm of the tip link insertion point. In LOXHD1’s absence, TMC1 is instead mislocalized away from this force transmission site. Supporting this finding, we found that LOXHD1 interacts selectively in vitro with TMC1 but not with TMC2 while also binding to channel subunits CIB2 and LHFPL5 and tip-link protein PCDH15. SUB-immunogold-SEM additionally demonstrates that LOXHD1 and TMC1 are physically connected to the lower tip-link complex in situ. Our results show that the TMC1-driven mature channels require LOXHD1 to stay coupled to the tip link and remain functional, but the TMC2-driven developmental channels do not. As both tip links and TMC1 remain present in hair bundles lacking LOXHD1, it opens the possibility to reconnect them and restore hearing for this form of genetic deafness.
Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway and Daytime Dysfunction in Women with HIV
Authors: Shorer Eran F , Rubin Leah H , French Audrey L , Weber Kathleen M , Daubert Elizabeth , Morack Ralph , Clish Clary , Bullock Kevin , Gustafson Deborah , Sharma Anajli , Rogando Andrea C , Qi Qibin , Burgess Helen J , Dastgheyb Raha M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background.
Sleep disturbances are prevalent in women with HIV (WWH). Tryptophan-kynurenine (T-K) pathway metabolites are associated with alterations in actigraphy derived sleep measures in WWH, although may not always correlate with functional impairment. We investigated the relationship between T-K pathway metabolites and self-reported daytime dysfunction in WWH and women without HIV (WWoH).
Methods.
141 WWH on stable antiretroviral therapy and 140 demographically similar WWoH enrolled in the IDOze Study had targeted plasma T-K metabolites measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We utilized the daytime dysfunction component of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess functional impairment across HIV-serostatus.
Results.
Lower levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin were associated with greater daytime dysfunction in all women. In WWH, daytime dysfunction was associated with increased kynurenic acid (R = 0.26, p < 0.05), and kynurenic acid-tryptophan (KA-T) ratio (R = 0.28, p < 0.01). WWH with daytime dysfunction had a 0.7 log fold increase in kynurenic acid compared to WWH without daytime dysfunction.
Conclusions.
Kynurenic acid levels and the KA-T ratio were associated with daytime dysfunction in WWH but not in WWoH. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish a causal relationship and directionality between T-K metabolic changes and sleep impairment in WWH.