bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
School-Based Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Programs
Authors: Eisenberg Daniel , Raghavan Ramesh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Social-emotional learning (SEL) programs in schools represent the next case study in the book. Although these programs have recently become entangled in cultural and political debates, at their core they represent a promising opportunity to enhance emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal skills that are fundamental to children’s mental health. Successful mastery of these skills is associated with not just positive mental health outcomes, but also other positive social and academic effects. For this reason, SEL programs display positive benefits net of costs. The chapter also discusses the recently promoted concept of “kernels” of practice for SEL, as a lighter and more flexible alternative to structured and standardized curricular programs.
Communities That Care
Authors: Eisenberg Daniel , Raghavan Ramesh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7 completes the series of case studies in the book by examining the Communities That Care (CTC) model for promoting youth health and well-being. In contrast to specific intervention strategies featured in the other case studies, CTC is a framework for enhancing the community-wide infrastructure for implementing a wide range of interventions. In a gardening analogy, specific interventions are like seeds, and CTC is like the soil, which also requires careful attention and preparation. The CTC approach offers a road map for soil preparation—community-led problem identification, collective coalition-building, local efforts to find data and capture outcomes, collaboration with external knowledge purveyors, and community selection and ownership of programs and outcomes. Collective action can produce impressive and sustainable results in communities.
Thomas Willis
Authors: Compston Alastair 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As a physician in Oxford, the work of Thomas Willis (1621–75) over two decades from 1646 provides an example of rural medical practice in early modern England. As a member of the Experimental Philosophical Club that met in Oxford from the 1640s he was central to the move from classical scholasticism to empirical accounts of natural philosophy. The surviving records of his lectures from the 1660s as Sedleian Professor of Natural Philosophy (1660–75) provide an example of pedagogy in medicine at that time. And, after moving to London in 1667, Willis continued to interact with a community of scientists and physicians, many like himself Fellows of the Royal Society, who transformed ideas on human anatomy and physiology relating to respiration, muscular movement, and the nervous system. Willis’s contributions to medicine are set out in fourteen treatises, four illustrated, first published in Latin under six titles between 1659 and 1675. The last, in English, appeared posthumously in 1691. Starting in 1679, twelve treatises were translated into English and published as Dr Willis’s practice of physic, eventually finalized in 1684.
George Leigh Cooke
Authors: Hollings Christopher D. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Following the death of Thomas Hornsby in 1810, the remainder of the nineteenth century saw just two Sedleian Professors, who each held the post for over forty years. The first of these, George Leigh Cooke (1779–1853), was a university figure from a very traditional mould: a churchman first and foremost, who would eventually abandon his Oxford duties for those of his parish. Nevertheless, Cooke carried out his Sedleian teaching much more dutifully than most of his eighteenth-century predecessors, at least at the beginning of his tenure. At the same time, he was a defender of Oxford’s traditional emphasis on classics, and placed a limit on the mathematics that an undergraduate ought to learn. We might therefore view him as a transitional figure in the development of the Sedleian Chair and of mathematical study in Oxford.
Sydney Chapman
Authors: Cargill Peter 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sydney Chapman FRS was the Sedleian professor between 1946 and 1953. He was also one of the outstanding geophysicists of the twentieth century. His achievements cover a wide range of topics and include pioneering theory of transport in non-uniform gases, the first proposal of the nature of the ozone layer, and a comprehensive early theory of the nature of geomagnetic storms. The last of these forms the foundation of present-day studies of the Earth’s magnetosphere, and the impact of solar activity on society, referred to as space weather.
George Temple and Albert Green
Authors: McCartney Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Between them, George Temple and Alan Green held the Sedleian Chair for a quarter of a century. Both, however, spent the majority of their careers outside Oxford. Temple mainly in London, and Green in the north of England at Durham and Newcastle. Both men worked within the rapidly changing academic world of twentieth-century applied mathematics and theoretical physics. Green, though an efficient administrator who helped oversee the rapid expansion of mathematics at Newcastle in the late 1950s and early 1960s, was primarily a single-minded researcher with his studies focused within theoretical mechanics (elasticity, thermos-mechanics, materials with memory, and the behaviour of shells, plates, and rods). Temple’s research interests were much broader and ranged across pure and applied mathematics. He published a number of textbooks, including volumes on fluid dynamics and quantum mechanics, and made contributions to both these areas and the theory of relativity. After retirement Temple became a monk at Quarr Abbey.
Brooke Benjamin
Authors: Mullin Tom , Toland John 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Brooke Benjamin was a mathematical physicist who studied electrical engineering before switching to fluid mechanics and quickly developing an international reputation for original insights and seminal work, both experimental and theoretical. He worked on many phenomena: the collapse of bubbles, flow of liquids through articulated pipes and containers with flexible boundaries, flow of thin films down inclined planes, stability of surface and internal waves and of shear flow over flexible surfaces, the behaviour of gravity currents, and Taylor–Couette and swirling flows. These early investigations included the discovery of the eponymous Benjamin–Feir theory of stability of periodic waves, Benjamin–Lighthill theory for bores, and the Benjamin–Ono equation. Since all this work involved nonlinear equations, he invariably sought and often found universal physical principles to compensate for the fact that nonlinear equations can seldom be solved explicitly. This approach naturally led him to apply abstract mathematics to physical situations, and he became interested in how topological and variational methods, and the emerging theory of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE), could lead, without detailed calculations, to conclusions about problems that might otherwise have been impenetrable. But he never abandoned his belief in the importance of good experimental work and was a strong advocate of the need for a close alliance of classical theory with experimental studies and modern abstract methods. He was completely committed to rigorous analysis of PDEs, as exemplified by the BBM (Benjamin–Bona–Mahony) equation.
An Interview with John Ball
Authors: Mccartney Mark 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
John Macleod Ball has had a long and distinguished career at Heriot-Watt and Oxford working in theoretical mechanics, covering topics such as elasticity, dynamical systems theory, and the theory of liquid crystals. Aspects of his work have overlapped with previous holders of the chair, namely Augustus Love, Albert Green, and Brooke Benjamin. He has served as both President of the International Mathematical Union and of the London Mathematical Society, and is currently President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. In this interview John Ball discusses his life and work, thoughts on the work of some of his predecessors in the Sedleian Chair, and his reflections on how mathematics may develop in the future.
Express Trusts: Concepts, Justifications, and Boundaries
Authors: Degeling Simone , Hudson Jessica , Samet Irit 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Scholarly inquiry into the doctrinal aspects of trust law is prolific. However, investigation of the foundational questions to which trust law gives rise is largely missing. The trust presents the jurist with numerous conceptual, doctrinal, and ethical challenges. For example, trusts have been deployed towards a variety of personal and commercial pursuits and government purposes. In addition to being used towards the pursuit of good, trusts have also been used for ill. The interaction of trust law with other laws agitates numerous conceptual and moral quandaries about its essence, the nature of the relationships it creates, and its value to society. The chapters in this book explore some of these quandaries. They identify different challenges and adopt a variety of methodological approaches and perspectives towards their resolution, ranging from conceptual questions about what is ‘the trust’ and ‘trusts law’, analysing the legal and/or moral statuses of each of the settlor, trustee, and beneficiary, to questioning the moral foundations of different trusts and range of pursuits towards which parties have deployed them. Three broad themes emerge. The first theme is a consideration of the ways in which conceptual, historical, and doctrinal analyses impact how we understand and justify the law of express trusts. The second theme is about justifications. It asks about the ends achieved by trusts, despite the risk that the trust form may be abused for illegal or illegitimate ends. The third theme returns to this risk of abuse, considering some of the justificatory challenges presented for trusts.
The rise and fall of rounding harmony in Turkic
Authors: Kavitskaya Darya , McCollum Adam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
It has been proposed that vowel harmony in general arises through the phonologization of vowel-to-vowel coarticulation (e.g. Hyman 2002; Przezdziecki 2005; Barnes 2006). Specifically for Turkish, Johanson (1979a) argues that the evolution of rounding harmony is attributable to the reduced phonetic quality, [ə], of [+high] suffixes. Given these claims, the null hypothesis for the loss of phonological harmony would affect the domain of harmony as a whole, resulting in phonetic vowel-to-vowel coarticulation. Drawing on nineteenth-century texts and the authors’ own fieldwork on Crimean Tatar and Kazakh, this chapter argues that the decay of rounding harmony in numerous Turkic languages crucially involves contraction of the harmonic domain and the proliferation of invariant suffixes.
Akan morphological ‘reversal’ in historical context
Authors: Paster Mary 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter offers insight from a historical perspective into a problem in the Akan languages, where past and perfect morphology are claimed to ‘reverse’ in the negative (Schachter and Fromkin 1968; Essilfie 1986; Saah 1994; Dolphyne 1996; Ofori 2006a, b; Stump 2009). In Akan, perfect is marked by a- while past is marked by a vocalic suffix that assimilates to the preceding segment (analyzed by Ofori 2006a, b as an empty mora). But in the presence of the negative prefix (n-), perfect is marked by a vocalic suffix while past is marked by a-. Investigation of tense/aspect and negative morphology in related languages suggests a diachronic explanation for the Akan pattern (loosely following Osam 1994) that, along with closer consideration of modern Akan data (Paster 2011), points toward a synchronic analysis requiring no reference to ‘reversal’ and therefore none of the theoretical machinery previously proposed to generate a reversal within the grammar.
Increasing morphological mismatch via category loss
Authors: Juge Matthew L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Morphological mismatch is the situation in which forms from one morphosyntactic category encode the functions of another, as with aspectual distinctions in Spanish verbs marked by mood forms. This chapter addresses the origin of such mismatches, which has not yet been studied. The history of the Spanish verb shows that the loss of a grammatical category can create the circumstances under which morphological mismatch can develop. In Spanish, the Future Subjunctive was lost and its replacement by the Present Indicative and the Present Subjunctive created a mismatch whereby the imperfective/perfective distinction encoded in the past by the Imperfect Indicative and the Preterit is marked in the non-past by the Present Indicative and the Present Subjunctive, respectively. This example shows that further research into the sources of morphological mismatch will require careful analysis of seemingly unrelated parts of the grammar.
Winter story themes in Meskwaki
Authors: Thomason Lucy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Traditional Meskwaki stories tend to focus on the relations between the characters in the stories, with only few and brief bursts of description. This chapter examines the ways in which five Meskwaki narrators writing in Meskwaki syllabary frame novel descriptions of familiar game animals in a tale type in which a boy lacks peers and elders who can teach him how to hunt. Little by little he learns the names that are shorthand for how each animal behaves, where it can be found, how it enhances people’s lives, and how it looks. The novel descriptions of the animals occasion novel verb stems about their behavior and appearance, which occasion novel understandings of certain individual Meskwaki morphemes.
Paradigmatic heterogeneity and homogenization
Authors: Cathcart Chundra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes the temporal dynamics of the leveling of vocalic and consonantal patterns of allomorphy in Middle and Early New High German. Bayesian modeling is employed to establish reliable relative chronologies between analogical changes affecting different parts of the verbal system. While clear chronologies cannot be established for all change types, results robustly indicate that changes in past tense form of certain verbs precede changes in present tense forms. This finding is compatible with a view where paradigmatic heterogeneity inhibits simplification processes even when its locus is outside of the area targeted by change.
Foreign mining corporations on trial
Authors: Radley Ben 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
By the 2010s, the view that state mismanagement and inefficiencies underlay the Congo’s economic malaise had become so commonplace as to permeate nearly all thinking about development in the country. The aim of this chapter is to challenge this line of thinking and question the Consensus wisdom of moving from domestic-owned to foreign-owned industrial mining based on a belief in the superior efficiency of the latter. By charting the rise and fall of Belgian-owned SOMINKI (1976–1997) and Canadian-owned Banro (1995–2019) in eastern Congo, its main line of argument is that foreign-owned and managed mining corporations are no less vulnerable to mismanagement, firm inefficiencies, and volatile prices than their state-owned counterparts. In the case of Banro, this included rent-seeking behaviour, redirecting value to overseas directors and shareholders at the expense of productive capacity and to the detriment of the Congolese state and Congolese firms and labour.
Dynamic domestic accumulation
Authors: Radley Ben 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This chapter’s main argument is that local forms of labour-intensive mining in South Kivu have been sites of dynamic domestic accumulation through technological innovation, capital formation, and productive investments outside of mining. Moreover, the capital-labour social relation underpinning these forms of mining has delivered higher wages to workers than those available in the surrounding economy while facilitating the emergence of a capitalist class of dynamic and prosperous rural Congolese. All this within a form of production that, contrary to the distributional dynamics observed at Canadian-owned Banro, has the distinct advantage of creating value that is mostly captured by, and distributed among, different groups of Congolese labour and traders. Based on these findings, the dismissal of labour-intensive, domestic-owned mining by African Mining Consensus proponents due to its low productivity and supposed inefficiency is questioned.
Introduction
Authors: Matore Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The introduction prefigures the debates and motifs of typographical experiment through the seminal work of the French Symbolist poet Stéphane Mallarmé. I trace how Mallarmé’s use of two terms, impression and imprimerie, exemplifies a foundational uncertainty in the relation of poetry and typography. I weigh up whether there was a typographical revolution in poetry in English in the second section. I map the history of European literature, the advent of Italian Futurism and French simultanéisme, alongside the incipient lyric experiments of British and American poets in the 1910s, in addition to probing how fin-de-siècle book history relates to modernist typography. I argue in the third section that free verse and the abandonment of metre have always been bound up with typographical experiment; I explore this through the prosodic theories of Guillaume Apollinaire and F. T. Marinetti. Thereafter, I argue that the work of William Carlos Williams typifies the difference between European and Anglo-American typographical experiment. I show how modernist poetry uses typography to quantify verse in the absence of metre and how this comes to life in the syllabics of Marianne Moore. Finally, I propose that alongside free verse in the twentieth century, there is also free lineation.
Pound’s Transmissions
Authors: Matore Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The first chapter traces the foundational importance of Ezra Pound in the genealogy of typographical experiment in English. His graphical innovations are read through lenses such as musicology, psychophysics, and ophthalmology. The first section considers Pound’s place in the history of typography and poetry. In the second section, ‘Tired Eyes and Typographical Fatigue’, I argue that Pound’s early lyrics exhibit a dissatisfaction with normative typography, figured through the forgetting and dissolution of bardic song. The notational theories of early music revivalist Arnold Dolmetsch, I claim, inspired Pound’s attempts to ameliorate typographical notation in verse. Thereafter, in the section ‘Recording Instruments: Typography, Phonography, and Perfect Notation’, I suggest that Pound’s early typographical experiments are founded on an aesthetics of recording that borrows from advances in acoustic technology. The original printing of his Imagist hokku ‘In a Station of the Metro’ encapsulates his supposition that typography can function as a system of perfect notation. Psychophysics, I claim, ballasts this theory of recording sound and affect. By the early 1920s, I argue in the section ‘Phonoscopy: l'Abbé Rousselot, the Post-Mallarmeans, and Experimental Typography’, Pound figures Mallarmé’s Un coup de dés and the poetry of E. E. Cummings as demonstrating a possible new form of versification. The typography and the performances of post-Symbolist poets like Andre Wurmser provide Pound with a framework for thinking through the prosodic complexities of The Cantos. The experimental linguistics of J. P. Rousselot and his phonoscope, I argue, ballasts Pound’s conviction that typographical reform can perfect the inadequacies of alphabetic script. Utopian scores are imagined in some of most visually experimental sections of The Cantos which notate idealized, inaudible worlds of sound. In the subsequent section, ‘Eye Troubles, Ocular Politics, and the Health of Nations’, I propose that Pound, stimulated by the writings of the literary critic and ophthalmologist George M. Gould, began to think of typography as influencing the intellectual and physical health of its readers. This theory of the reading eye, I suggest, is mapped onto global print cultures. The intellectual rebirth of the Renaissance, I argue, is figured in Canto XXX as a new era of typography inaugurated by reformers such as Aldus Manutius and Francesco Griffo. In the final section, ‘Striking the Eye’, I claim that Pound increasingly allied political power with printing power and became convinced that poets had to reclaim the means of typographical production. His 1932 edition and translation of the Rime of Guido Cavalcanti, above all the canzone ‘Donna mi prega’, exemplifies his project to engineer intellectual enlightenment through typographical manipulation.
Conclusion
Authors: Matore Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The conclusion charts the history of graphic design in the last century alongside the history of poetry. I explore how historians and theorists of design have argued that typography is essentially a conservative art and how this inflects our concept of visual experiment. I claim that the aesthetics of typographers and those of poets radically diverge by analysing the works of Beatrice Warde, Eric Gill, and Stanley Morison. I probe the slow evolution of typographical experiment in British poetry as compared with American poetry and its relation to metre. Finally, through considering Die neue Typographie, the typographical revolution of designers like Jan Tschichold, I conclude that the untrained naivety of poets enabled them to make typography a literary art.
Strawson on False Presupposition and the Assertive Enterprise
Authors: Bezuidenhout Anne 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Strawson’s views on presupposition and assertion are situated relative to philosophical and linguistic discussions in the second half of the twentieth century on the information structural properties of discourse. Strawson is most well-known for his critique of Russell’s views about definite descriptions and for his alternative account that appeals to presuppositions rather than entailments. Strawson’s views on presupposition are often equated with those of Frege and with the idea that false presuppositions lead to truth-value gaps. This chapter demonstrates how Strawson’s account of definite descriptions is intended to fit into a larger picture of the assertive enterprise, in which conversational participants design their utterances so as to put some issues in focus and others into the conversational background. This aspect of Strawson’s view is most clearly on display in his discussion of cases where the falsity of a presupposition does not wreck the assertive enterprise. Strawson had an enduring interest in this issue, which is connected also to his discussions of the subject-predicate distinction in logic and in natural language. The notion of degrees of identificatory force from Strawson’s later work is shown to be relevant to his information structural concerns too and casts his earlier work on definite descriptions in an interesting light.
P. F. Strawson and Connective Analysis
Authors: Martinich A.P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
P.F. Strawson called his preferred method of philosophizing ‘connective analysis’. Its purpose is to reveal interconnections among several or even many concepts. Its goal may be described as clarification, elucidation, or illumination. Strawson’s and H.P. Grice’s defence of the analytic-synthetic distinction, Grice’s analyses of various kinds of meaning, and his other analyses in philosophical psychology are examples of connective analysis. Unlike conceptual analysis and reductive analysis, connective analysis allows the analyses of a cluster of analyses to be circular as long as the circularity is part of an overall clarification of the concepts. Connective analysis then needs to be distinguished from types of analysis that aim at (a) eliminating a broad range of concepts such as the materialist goal of eliminating non-material concepts or (b) identifying absolutely simple concepts.