bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical evaluation on CO2 removal potential of enhanced weathering based on shrinking core model
Authors: Chen Anqi , Chen Zhuo , Lin Bo-Lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The discrepancy between current CO2 emission trend and the targeted 1.5 °C warming requires the implementation of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies. Among the engineered CDRs, enhanced weathering (EW) is expected to exhibit substantial potential for CO2 removal, owing to the availability of abundant reserves of ultramafic rocks and demonstration of worldwide liming practice. While the shrinking core model (SCM) has been commonly adopted in previous theoretical and experimental studies, there still lacks a comprehensive assessment on the impacts of model parameters, such as rock particle size, size distribution, weathering rate and time length on the weathering kinetics and the resultant CDR potential. Herein, this study incorporates particle size distribution of rock powder into the surface reaction-controlled SCM, and conducts sensitivity analysis on EW’s CDR potential quantitatively. Even fully powered by low-carbon energy in the optimistic case, the application of EW with olivine only achieves maximum CDR per unit of rock and energy consumption of 0.01 kg CO2 per kg rock and 19 g per kWh at size of 8 and 22 μm respectively, indicating the limitations of EW. The derived optimal application parameters with olivine powers within 3.7–79 μm provide valuable insights into the practical real-world applications to achieve net CO2 removal.
Sustaining crop yield and water quality under climate change in intensively managed agricultural watersheds—the need for both adaptive and conservation measures
Authors: Niroula Sundar , Cai Ximing , McIsaac Gregory 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The projected near-future climate (2031–2059) of wetter springs and drier summers may negatively affect agricultural production in the US Midwest, mostly through reduced aeration of the root zone due to excess soil water and frequent loss of nutrients such as nitrate (NO3-N) and total phosphorus. Several agricultural adaptations—such as adding tile drains and increasing fertilizer rates—may be deployed to mitigate potential reductions in crop yield. However, these adaptations (generally driven by economic benefits) may have a severe impact on water quality, which is already under stress due to excess nutrient runoff from agricultural fields causing hypoxia in inland and coastal waters. Here, we evaluate the crop yield and water quality consequences of such adaptations under future climate with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool in a testbed watershed located in central Illinois. We show that additional tile drains and increased fertilizers can help achieve baseline (2003–2018) corn yields but with a nearly two-fold increase in riverine NO3-N yield affecting a major drinking water supply source. However, a shift to spring-only fertilizer application may not require additional fertilizer and reduces the increase in NO3-N loss to 1.25 times above the baseline. We also show that water quality may improve (better than baseline) with conservation measures such as cover crops and switchgrass. Our findings highlight the need to develop efficient climate change adaptation and conservation strategies for sustainable agriculture and water quality.
Hydrological sustainability of international virtual water trade
Authors: Sinha Jhilam , Sharma Ashish , Marshall Lucy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
International virtual water (VW) trade helps to balance water stress across regions. However, it can be questioned whether such trade can remain sustainable as water resources are redistributed across regions resulting from changes in our climate. A conceptual framework to compare VW trade volumes with water fluxes within the water cycle is introduced. We evaluate the distribution of traded water surpluses and deficits associated with crop, animal, and industrial products over 157 countries and 182 global watersheds. About 7% of the countries are identified to conduct VW trade unsustainably. Regions within Africa, North America, central Asia, and Europe exhibit unfeasible VW trading resulting from higher appropriation of freshwater resources than availability influenced by precipitation and evaporation. Assessment at the watershed scale captures overexploitation at finer resolution, generally overlooked in country level analysis. An evaluation into the future reveals more watersheds becoming vulnerable to water storage depletion under future climate trends.
Universality in the number variance and counting statistics of the real and symplectic Ginibre ensemble
Authors: Akemann Gernot , Byun Sung-Soo , Ebke Markus , Schehr Grégory 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, we compute and compare the statistics of the number of eigenvalues in a centred disc of radiusRin all three Ginibre ensembles. We determine the mean and variance as functions ofRin the vicinity of the origin, where the real and symplectic ensembles exhibit respectively an additional attraction to or repulsion from the real axis, leading to different results. In the large radius limit, all three ensembles coincide and display a universal bulk behaviour ofO(R2)for the mean, andO(R) for the variance. We present detailed conjectures for the bulk and edge scaling behaviours of the real Ginibre ensemble, having real and complex eigenvalues. For the symplectic ensemble we can go beyond the Gaussian case (corresponding to the Ginibre ensemble) and prove the universality of the full counting statistics both in the bulk and at the edge of the spectrum for rotationally invariant potentials, extending a recent work which considered the mean and the variance. This statistical behaviour coincides with the universality class of the complex Ginibre ensemble, which has been shown to be associated with the ground state of non-interacting fermions in a two-dimensional rotating harmonic trap. All our analytical results and conjectures are corroborated by numerical simulations.
Evaluation of Stress History and Undrained Shear Strength of OC Clayey Soil in Northern Jakarta
Authors: Utama R , Tsai Yuan-Yao , Hsu Li-Ting , Lee Yi-Ting , Chang Chien-Yu , Chan Yu-Hsuan , Seng Chia-Ray 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It is difficult to determine the accurate undrained shear strength (su) of clay with complicated stress history. In addition to the laboratory tests such as Triaxial UU and Unconfined tests, the in-situ tests such as Vane Shear, SPT, and CPTu tests were conducted for undrained shear strength evaluation. Moreover, the overconsolidation ratio (OCR) by CPTu correlation presented the soil stress history profile along the depth and the Oedometer tests were used to evaluate the results. It was found that the clayey soil is overconsolidated up to -31.0 m below the surface in Northern Jakarta due to groundwater extraction. The Stress History and Normalized Soil Engineering Properties (SHANSEP) formula is widely used to model the relationship between undrained shear strength, OCR, and vertical shear stress. The su results from laboratory and in-situ tests showed good agreement with SHANSEP formula. Moreover, several empirical formulas for OC clayey soil were developed for future deep excavation projects in Jakarta area.
Critical Zone Mapping Based on Land Use and Slope Terrain Parameters, A Case Study of the Keureuto Sub-catchment
Authors: Fadhliani  , Khairullah Y. , Jalil Abdul , Fasdarsyah  , Amalia Amalia , Rishaq Alief Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Land use change, which contributes to a critical area, upstream of the Keureuto Sub-catchment is obvious based on previous studies. The critical area mapping is important for the watershed and land management considering the Keureto dam will be operated in the year 2024 at the downstream. The map can be categorized based on land cover, terrain slope, erosion risk classes, land productivity, and land management. The sub-catchment is prone to changes in all or any of these parameters. In this case, the initial critical zone map is developed for the 238 km2 Keureuto sub-catchment based on two parameters which are land use and terrain slope. Land use is produced from Landsat Satellite images from the years 2015 and 2021. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data is used to produce terrain slope and sub-catchment boundary which the outlet is the Keureto dam. The analysis is based on overlaying the land cover and slope layer. Agricultural land covers part of the upstream area – steeper slope and middle – moderate slope of the sub-catchment increasing by about 8% within seven years. The critical zone mapping based on these two parameters is produced for a further study of the slope stability, the erosion risk, the watershed, and land management for the functionality of the Keureuto dam at the downstream site.
Enhancing reliability of consolidation design parameters for residual settlement estimation: a sensitivity analysis approach for existing container yard in Belawan, Medan
Authors: Ezer E E , Darmadi K , Mulia A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Data variation in geotechnical engineering poses challenges in setting up reliable design parameters used for design or analysis. This study aims to accommodate the uncertainty of consolidation design parameters, including the compression index (Cc), initial void ratio (e0), and coefficient of consolidation (Cv), to estimate the residual settlement. A case study of Belawan New Container Terminal (BNCT), which consists of two container yards situated in a reclamation area, has been presented in this paper. A robust method employing parameter sensitivity analysis and loading scenario has been carried out. Sensitivity analysis has been performed by considering ranges for each compressibility parameter consisting of low, best, and high estimates. This approach leads to nine analysis scenarios and doubles after including the service load scenario. The results are then compared with available settlement plate and topographic/bathymetric data (pre, during and post-construction). The scenarios that best fit the monitoring data are selected as the basis for estimating the residual settlement over a design lifetime of 50 years. The residual settlement is expected between 1 m and 1.27 m without service load condition, and 1.92 m to 2.46 m. with a service load of 60 kPa (equivalent to six stacks of 20-foot containers).
Cultivation and culture of Dioscorea esculenta in Papua
Authors: Susila Arif , Aristya Vina Eka , Ondikeleuw Mariana , Malik Afrizal , Cempaka Intan Gilang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study of cultivation and culture of Dioscorea esculenta (gembili) in the Papua Province of ethnobotany was carried out in Jayapura districts (Yoka and Yongsu villages) and Merauke districts (Yanggandur and Sota villages). These sites were the gembili development center in Papua. The data collected includes socio-cultural, local wisdom, its contribution to the economy of farmer households, and the environment for growing gembili. The research results identified two types of gembili in Jayapura, by the community known as Yara (11 accessions) and Fam (5 accessions), also 30 accessions of local gembili in Merauke. Gembili has a strategic role in the customs and culture of the indigenous tribes in Papua. The gembili germplasm needs to be utilized and developed.
Competitiveness of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with weeds at various nitrogen doses and weed free periods
Authors: Laude S 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe research objectives were to determine the effect of nitrogen dose and weed-free period on the competitiveness of tomato plants with weeds. The research used 6 x 4 Factorial Randomized Group Design. The first factor was the weed-free period (P) which consisted of six levels, namely weeds during tomato growth (P0), weed-free two weeks after planting (P1), weed-free four weeks after planting. (P2), weed-free six weeks after planting (P3), weed-free eight weeks after planting (P4), and weed free until harvest (P5). The second factor was the dose of nitrogen (N) consisting of 4 levels, namely: without fertilization (N0), fertilizing 50 kg N ha−1(N1), fertilizing 100 kg N ha−1(N2) and fertilizing 150 kg N ha−1(N3). The variable of observation was analyzed univariately using the F test and continued with the (Student-Newman-Keul) SNK test with a test level of 0.05. The plants growth rate weeds were analyzed by regression in the form of a curve as a function of time to see the dynamics of weed growth. The amount of competition between weeds and tomatoes were done through the competition index value approach. The results showed that the was a change in the value of competition between tomato plants with weeds at each level of nitrogen dose and weed-free period, this change decreased with increasing nitrogen dose. The highest yield was obtained when weed-free during tomato growth, namely 25.88 tons ha−1with a fertilizer dose of 100 kg ha−1.
Strategy for the development of semi-organic lowland rice farming In Parigi Moutong Regency
Authors: Krisna Laksmayani Made , A l Alamsyar , Made Antara , Sartika Manurung Dewi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine (1) internal factors and external factors that influence the development of semi-organic lowland rice farming in Parigi Moutong Regency, and (2) Appropriate strategic alternatives to be applied in developing semi-organic lowland rice farming in Parigi Moutong Regency. The selection of research locations was carried out purposively, namely in Parigi Moutong Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, with the consideration that Parigi Moutong Regency is a rice production center in Central Sulawesi Province. The determination of respondents was done purposively. The number of respondents interviewed was 10 respondents. Analysis of research data includes analysis of Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE), SWOT, and QSPM. The results of the QSPM analysis show that the main priority alternative strategy that can be carried out in the development of semi-organic rice farming in Parigi Moutong Regency is a strategy to extend the validity period of PRIMA 3 certificates to maintain consumer confidence in food products that are safe for consumption, with a Total Attractiveness Score (TAS) the highest was 11.30.
Optimization of land use for food crops a case in Gunung Sari District West Lombok Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf M , Usman A , Nursan M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to identify farmer’s crops in each growing season, analyze the income of food crops farmers, analyze the optimal use of land resources, know the problem of farmer food crops in Gunung Sari District West Lombok Regency. Method of this research is descriptive and data collected by survey techniques. The results showed MT1 were rice crops, MT2 included rice, peanuts, sweet corn, soybeans, and MT3 included peanuts, soybeans, sweet corn, green beans, rice, long beans. Farmer’s income of rice farming on MT1 is IDR 13,081,495.95/ha. The largest Farmer’s income on MT2 is the sweet corn farming of IDR 13,993,518.52/ha and the smallest income in rice farming is IDR 11,625,009.81/ha. The largest farmer’s income on MT3 is long bean farming IDR 22.039.404,76/ha, and the smallest is the big peanut IDR 8,919,248.24/ha. Optimal utilization of land resources in MT2 that is X2 (nuts) of 159,020 ha, X3 (sweet corn) of 256,417 ha and X4 (soybean) of 325,142 ha. MT3 optimal land use area X2 (soybean) of 434,659 ha, X3 (sweet corn) 126,969 ha and X6 (long bean) of 178,953 ha. Problems of farmers include pests, diseases, lack production facilities, the high input price and the unavailability of cooperatives.
Analysis of community food consumption patterns in the stunting locus area, Dondo District, Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Kalaba Y , Lamusa A , Asih DN , Vidyanto  , Kurniawan H , Safitri D , Walalangi J Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Improved diet is one of the factors that need attention in preventing stunting. This is because food is a source of energy for the human body, where consuming good, nutritious and sufficient food intake will improve the quality of the body’s health. The research objective was to analyze household consumption patterns in stunting locus areas. The research location was deliberately chosen in Tolitoli Regency with the consideration that, one of the 320 districts in Indonesia, it is included in the locus of handling problems of toddler growth and development disorders due to nutritional intake or stunting. Dondo sub-district was chosen as the locus of stunting sub-district with the highest stunting prevalence rate in Tolitoli district and 130 sample respondents were obtained using a probability technique that is proportional to the size of the cluster. Data analysis used household food consumption and household consumption patterns. The results obtained by respondents were in the food insecure category in terms of energy adequacy absorption and it was known that the food pattern of household expectations in terms of food consumption did not vary.
The national food and drug agency (NFDA) authority to enforce food distribution safety
Authors: Utami G A , Tajuddin M A , Fahmi M S , Klau R G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study aims to find a judicial review of food distribution without a National Food and Drug Agency permit (NFDA). This study employed normative legal research. Normative research uses legal data and literary studies to acquire data. The study found that Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection Article 8 paragraph (1) regulates food distribution without a NFDA permit, while Article 62 paragraph (1) regulates criminal acts “Business actors who violate Article 8, Article 9, Article 10, Article 13 paragraph (2), Article 15, Article 17 paragraph (1) letter a, letter b, letter c, letter e, paragraph (2), and article 18 will be imprisoned for up to five years or fined up to IDR. 2,000,000,000.00. (two billion rupiah). Article 18 of the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 18 of 2012 concerning Food Article 138 states that Everyone who produces food for distribution uses ingredients like food packaging that can release contaminants harmful to human health. Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health Article 106 paragraph (1) states that violators can be imprisoned for up to 15 years and fined up to IDR. 1,500,0000,0000.00 (one billion five hundred million rupiahs).” Legislative and regulatory frameworks frequently incorporate actions to prevent food misuse or distribution that endangers public health. NFDA sets and enforces product quality, production, and distribution standards to ensure food safety.
Group correlation analysis of socio-economic indicators and the volume of collected e-waste in European countries
Authors: Datsyuk Polina , Mikhaylov Alexey , Pinter Gabor 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
There has been a significant growth in e-waste worldwide and in European countries the growth rate of e-waste entering the market is higher than the growth rate of recycled waste. This is confirmed by comparing the compound annual growth rate figures of 6.85% and 5.7% respectively. The methods of analysis used in this article were Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The study confirms a strong negative correlation between CO2 per capita and e-waste volume in European countries such as Norway, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden and Austria. A linear equation shows that a 1 p.p. increase in CO2 means a reduction of 4,267 kg of e-waste collected per inhabitant. In other European countries, a direct correlation was found between e-waste volume and gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity. Thus, waste collected per capita and GDP have the correlation coefficient is 0.97. The third group of countries includes Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Poland, where there was a negative correlation between e-waste collected per capita and population. Overall, the study shows the complex relationship between various factors and e-waste management and indicates the urgency of the problem of growing e-waste volumes.
Bearing fault diagnosis of rail vehicles traction motor based on adaptive periodic segment matrix and singular value decomposition
Authors: Zou Boyu , Chen Xieqi , Peng Lele , Zheng Shubin , Zhong Qianwen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The early fault characteristics of rolling bearings are relatively weak and accompanied by large amounts of noise, resulting in the collected bearing vibration signal having an extremely low signal-to-noise ratio, hence creating challenges in diagnosing faults in rail vehicle bearings. This paper proposes a method based on an adaptive period segment matrix and singular value decomposition to extract fault information from bearing fault impulse signals, in response to the problem of unstable period recognition in existing rolling bearing fault diagnosis methods due to strong background noise. Firstly, a periodic segment estimation method based on the average envelope spectrum is proposed. By calculating the envelope spectrum of the vibration signal, a method is proposed for assessing period length and period constraint F in segments. Then this method is applied to pinpoint the fault impact peak and the position of the vibration signal. Utilizing the fault impact peak and the calculated period constraint F, a strict rank-1 adaptive period segment matrix (APSM) is introduced. Finally, singular value decomposition is performed on this matrix, the bearing impulse vibration signal can be reconstructed through the first maximum singular value. The simulation and experimental analysis results of rolling bearings signals demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, even under severe background noise conditions(−20 dB), and the calculated envelope spectrum signal-to-noise ratio further supports the adaptive periodic segment matrix has an excellent ability to identify and extract periodic components, thus validating its usefulness as a fault diagnosis approach for rolling bearings.