bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles Incorporating Ginkgolide B: Artificial O2 Carriers with Antioxidant Activity and Antithrombotic Effect
Authors: Meng Wei , Ye Hongbo , Ma Zhifang , Liu Lei , Zhang Tianci , Han Qiaoyi , Xiang Zehong , Xia Yu , Ke Yue , Guan Xinghua , Shi Qiang , Ataullakhanov Fazly I. , Panteleev Mikhail 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke primarily leads to insufficient oxygen delivery in ischemic area. Prompt reperfusion treatment for restoration of oxygen is clinically suggested but mediates more surging reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative damage, known as ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI). Therefore, the regulation of oxygen content is a critical point to prevent cerebral ischemia induced pathological responses and simultaneously alleviate IRI triggered by the sudden oxygen restoration. In this work, we constructed a perfluorocarbon (PFC)‐based artificial oxygen nanocarrier (PFTBA‐L@GB), using an ultrasound‐assisted emulsification method, alleviates the intracerebral hypoxic state in ischemia stage and IRI after reperfusion. The high oxygen solubility of PFC allows high oxygen efficacy. Furthermore, PFC has the adhesion affinity to platelets and prevents the overactivation of platelet. The encapsulated payload, ginkgolide B (GB) exerts its anti‐thrombosis by antagonism on platelet activating factor and antioxidant effect by upregulation of antioxidant molecular pathway. The versatility of the present strategy provides a practical approach to build a simple, safe, and relatively effective oxygen delivery agent to alleviate hypoxia, promote intracerebral oxygenation, anti‐inflammatory, reduce intracerebral oxidative stress damage and thrombosis and caused by stroke.
The long‐term incidence of chronic post‐surgical pain after coronary artery bypass surgery – A prospective observational study
Authors: Charlton E. , Atkins K. J. , Evered L. , Silbert B. , Scott D. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic post‐surgical pain (CPSP) represents a significant issue for many patients following surgery; however, the long‐term incidence and impact have not been well described following cardiac surgery. Our aim was to characterize CPSP at least 5 years following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.MethodsThis prospective observational study investigated a cohort of patients from a larger trial investigating cognitive outcomes following CABG surgery, with 89 of 148 eligible patients (60.1%) assessed for CPSP at a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 6.8 [1.2] years. Questionnaires interrogated pain presence, intensity, location, neuropathic characteristics, Geriatric Depression Scale scores (GDS) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL).ResultsCPSP was described in 21/89 (23.6%), with 10 rating it as moderate to severe. Six of the CPSP patients (29%) met criteria for neuropathic pain (6.7% overall). The highest rate of CPSP was associated with the leg surgical site (chest 12/89 [13.5%], arm 8/68 [11.8%] and leg (saphenous vein graft—SVG) 11/37 [29.7%]; χ2 = 6.523, p = 0.038). IADL scores were significantly lower for patients with CPSP (mean [SD]: 36.7 [1.6] vs. no CPSP 40.6 [0.6]; p = 0.006). Patients had GDS scores consistent with moderate depression (GDS >8) in 3/21 (14.3%) with CPSP, versus 3/68 (4.4%) non‐CPSP patients (χ2 = 3.20, p = 0.073).ConclusionsThis study identified a CPSP incidence of 23.6% at a mean of 6.8 years after CABG surgery, with the highest pain proportion at SVG harvest sites. CPSP was associated with neuropathic pain symptoms and had a significant impact on IADLs. This emphasizes the need for long‐term follow‐up of CABG patients.SignificanceThis study highlights the impact of CPSP 7 years following cardiac surgery and highlights the effect of surgical site, neuropathic pain and the importance of including pain assessment and management in the long‐term follow‐up of cardiac surgical patients. Strategies to address and prevent chronic pain following cardiac surgery should be further explored.
Effects of cervical stabilization training in patients with headache: A single‐blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Altmis Kacar H. , Ozkul C. , Baran A. , Guclu‐Gunduz A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the effects of Cervical Stabilization Training (CST) on the headache, neck pain and cervical musculoskeletal system in patients with headache compared to the control group.MethodsA total of 90 female patients with migraine, tension‐type headache and cervicogenic headache (CGH) participated in this study. The patients were divided into the cervical stabilization training group (CSTG) and the control group (CG). The CSTG performed the CST three times a week for 8 weeks while the CG continued their ongoing medical treatment. The pain intensity was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale, forward head posture by craniovertebral angle measurement, the endurance of deep cervical flexor muscles by craniocervical flexion test and the endurance of cervical muscles by flexor and extensor endurance tests before and after 8 weeks. In addition, disability levels, health‐related quality of life, sleep quality and mood were assessed by the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire, Neck Disability Index (NDI), Short Form 36 Quality of Life Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Beck Depression Scale, respectively.ResultsHeadache frequency, duration and intensity, neck pain intensity and forward head posture reduced while activation and performance of deep cervical flexor muscles, the endurance of cervical flexor and extensor muscles increased in the CSTG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the disability levels, quality of life, sleep quality and mood also improved in the CSTG (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study suggests that CST reduces headaches and neck pain by improving the cervical musculoskeletal system in patients with headache.SignificanceThe CST improved the headache frequency, duration and intensity, neck pain intensity, cervical posture, activation of deep cervical flexor muscles and endurance of cervical muscles in patients with headache. In addition, improvements in the cervical musculoskeletal system contributed to a reduction in the intensity of headaches and neck pain. Therefore, CST may be preferred in the treatment of headaches, especially with coexisting neck pain.
Efficacy and safety of a smartphone application‐based treatment of ketogenic diet in pediatric refractory epilepsy
Authors: Li Wei , Gu Wei , Liang Chao , Tu Fulai , Ding Le , Lu Xiaopeng , Guo Hu , Zheng Guo , Wu Chunfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to find predictors for smartphone application‐based ketogenic diet (KD) treatment effectiveness and safety.MethodsThe efficacy was evaluated according to the reduction in seizure frequency after the intervention of KD; safety was evaluated based on adverse effects. The ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of efficacy.ResultsThe study sample included 116 males and 65 females with a median age of 2.27 years. The baseline frequency of seizure was more than five times/day in 123 children, 50.83% of them received three or more antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Seventy‐two patients' KD initiation mode was outpatient, and 73 completed the 12‐month follow‐up. A total of 88 (48.62%) patients had reported a reduction in seizure ≥50%. Compared with 12 months, those who had received KD therapy for only 3 (P = 0.009) and 6 months (P = 0.005) were more likely to show negative outcomes. Outpatient initiation had better outcomes (P = 0.029) than inpatient initiation. For the number of AEDs applied, patients on two AEDs were more likely to achieve better outcomes (P = 0.001). Adverse events had been noted among 77 patients; BMI Z‐score at KD initiation was associated with adverse effects (P = 0.003).SignificanceOur study suggested that outpatient initiation and long‐term treatment of KD should be encouraged.Plain Language SummaryOur research shows that the KD is a helpful treatment for children with refractory epilepsy, reducing seizures by more than 50% in nearly half of the cases, with some experiencing complete seizure freedom. We used a smartphone app to improve communication between patients and their healthcare teams, resulting in a high retention, and app usage was linked to reduced adverse effects. We recommend early consideration of KD treatment for patients failing two AED, encourage outpatient initiation, and advocate for longer‐term KD use.
Posttraumatic hydrocephalus: Recent advances and new therapeutic strategies
Authors: Sanker Vivek , Kundu Mrinmoy , El Kassem Sarah , El Nouiri Ahmad , Emara Mohamed , Maaz Zeina Al , Nazir Abubakar , Bekele Bezawit Kassahun , Uwishema Olivier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundHydrocephalus or ventriculomegaly is a condition brought on by an overabundance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system. The major contributor to posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), especially in individuals with occupations set in industrial settings. A variety of criteria have been employed for the diagnosis of PTH, including the combination of neurological symptoms like nerve deficits and headache, as well as an initial improvement followed by a worsened relapse of altered consciousness and neurological deterioration, which is detected by computed tomography‐brain imaging that reveals gradual ventriculomegaly.AimIn this article, we discuss and summarize briefly the current understandings and advancements in the management of PTH.MethodsThe available literature for this review was searched on various bibliographic databases using an individually verified, prespecified approach. The level of evidence of the included studies was considered as per the Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine recommendations.ResultsThe commonly practiced current treatment modality involves shunting CSF but is often associated with complications and recurrence. The lack of a definitive management strategy for PTH warrants the utilization of novel and innovative modalities such as stem cell transplantations and antioxidative stress therapies.ConclusionOne of the worst complications of a TBI is PTH, which has a high morbidity and mortality rate. Even though there hasn't been a successful method in stopping PTH from happening, hemorrhage‐derived blood, and its metabolic by‐products, like iron, hemoglobin, free radicals, thrombin, and red blood cells, may be potential targets for PTH hindrance and management. Also, using stem cell transplantations in animal models and antioxidative stress therapies in future studies can lower PTH occurrence and improve its outcome. Moreover, the integration of clinical trials and theoretical knowledge should be encouraged in future research projects to establish effective and updated management guidelines for PTH.
Defining the relationship of salivary gland malignancies to novel cell subpopulations in human salivary glands using single nucleus RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Nakagawa Takuya , Santos Jessica , Nasamran Chanond A. , Sen Prakriti , Sadat Sayed , Monther Abdula , Bendik Joseph , Ebisumoto Koji , Hu Jingjing , Preissl Sebastian , Guo Theresa , Vavinskaya Vera , Fisch Kathleen M. , Califano Joseph A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSalivary glands have essential roles in maintaining oral health, mastication, taste and speech, by secreting saliva. Salivary glands are composed of several types of cells, and each cell type is predicted to be involved in the carcinogenesis of different types of cancers including adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC), salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) and other histology. In our study, we performed single nucleus RNA‐seq on three human salivary gland samples to clarify the gene expression profile of each complex cellular component of the salivary glands and related these expression patterns to expression found in salivary gland cancers (SGC) to infer cell of origin. By single nucleus RNA‐seq, salivary gland cells were stratified into four clusters: acinar cells, ductal cells 1, ductal cells 2 and myoepithelial cells/stromal cells. The localization of each cell group was verified by IHC of each cluster marker gene, and one group of ductal cells was found to represent intercalated ductal cells labeled with HES1. Furthermore, in comparison with SGC RNA‐seq data, acinar cell markers were upregulated in AciCC, but downregulated in ACC and ductal cell markers were upregulated in SDC but downregulated in MECA, suggesting that markers of origin are highly expressed in some SGC. Cell type expressions in specific SGC histology are similar to those found in normal salivary gland populations, indicating a potential etiologic relationship.
Does parents' perceived style of setting limits to gaming matter? The interplay between profiles of parental mediation and BIS/BAS sensitivity in problematic gaming and online gambling
Authors: Bradt Lowie , Grosemans Eva , De Cock Rozane , Dupont Bruno , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Soenens Bart 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionParents try to prevent possible negative outcomes associated with gaming by setting rules on their adolescent's gaming behavior (i.e., restrictive mediation). Parents can use either more autonomy‐supportive or more controlling styles to communicate those rules. Using a person‐centered approach, this study aims to, first, identify profiles of parents' perceived degree of restrictive mediation in gaming and styles of communicating these rules (i.e., autonomy‐supportive and controlling); second, to examine how adolescents in different profiles differ in terms of maladaptive gaming outcomes (i.e., problematic gaming, simulated, and online gambling); third, to investigate the moderating role of gaming frequency and adolescents' personality (i.e., behavioral inhibition system [BIS] sensitivity and behavioral activation system [BAS] sensitivity) in the associations between the parental profiles and the outcomes.MethodsThe study used quantitative, cross‐sectional survey data from Belgian adolescents (N = 1651, mean age = 14.00 years, 51.2% boys), collected between November 2021 and February 2022 in schools.ResultsCluster analysis yielded four profiles of perceived restrictive mediation: an exclusively controlling one, an autonomy‐supportive one, one where parents used a perceived mix of both communication styles, and one where there was an overall perceived lack of restrictive mediation. Adolescents in the controlling profile displayed the most maladaptive outcomes. Some of the associations between the parental profiles and the outcomes were stronger for more frequent gamers and for adolescents scoring higher on both BIS and BAS sensitivity.ConclusionAssociations between the parental profiles and gaming outcomes were theoretically meaningful, yet small in terms of effect size.
Increased Osteoblast GαS Promotes Ossification by Suppressing Cartilage and Enhancing Callus Mineralization During Fracture Repair in Mice
Authors: Lee Kathy K , Changoor Adele , Grynpas Marc D , Mitchell Jane 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTGαS, the stimulatory G protein α‐subunit that raises intracellular cAMP levels by activating adenylyl cyclase, plays a vital role in bone development, maintenance, and remodeling. Previously, using transgenic mice overexpressing GαS in osteoblasts (GS‐Tg), we demonstrated the influence of osteoblast GαS level on osteogenesis, bone turnover, and skeletal responses to hyperparathyroidism. To further investigate whether alterations in GαS levels affect endochondral bone repair, a postnatal bone regenerative process that recapitulates embryonic bone development, we performed stabilized tibial osteotomy in male GS‐Tg mice at 8 weeks of age and examined the progression of fracture healing by micro‐CT, histomorphometry, and gene expression analysis over a 4‐week period. Bone fractures from GS‐Tg mice exhibited diminished cartilage formation at the time of peak soft callus formation at 1 week post‐fracture followed by significantly enhanced callus mineralization and new bone formation at 2 weeks post‐fracture. The opposing effects on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis were validated by downregulation of chondrogenic markers and upregulation of osteogenic markers. Histomorphometric analysis at times of increased bone formation (2 and 3 weeks post‐fracture) revealed excess fibroblast‐like cells on newly formed woven bone surfaces and elevated osteocyte density in GS‐Tg fractures. Coincident with enhanced callus mineralization and bone formation, GS‐Tg mice showed elevated active β‐catenin and Wntless proteins in osteoblasts at 2 weeks post‐fracture, further substantiated by increased mRNA encoding various canonical Wnts and Wnt target genes, suggesting elevated osteoblastic Wnt secretion and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. The GS‐Tg bony callus at 4 weeks post‐fracture exhibited greater mineral density and decreased polar moment of inertia, resulting in improved material stiffness. These findings highlight that elevated GαS levels increase Wnt signaling, conferring an increased osteogenic differentiation potential at the expense of chondrogenic differentiation, resulting in improved mechanical integrity. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Monochromatic spanning trees and matchings in ordered complete graphs
Authors: Barát János , Gyárfás András , Tóth Géza 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study two well‐known Ramsey‐type problems for (vertex‐)ordered complete graphs. Two independent edges in ordered graphs can be nested, crossing, or separated. Apart from two trivial cases, these relations define six types of subgraphs, depending on which one (or two) of these relations are forbidden. Our first target is to refine a remark by Erdős and Rado that every 2‐coloring of the edges of a complete graph contains a monochromatic spanning tree. We show that forbidding one relation we always have a monochromatic (nonnested, noncrossing, and nonseparated) spanning tree in a 2‐edge‐colored ordered complete graph. On the other hand, if two relations are forbidden, then it is possible that we have monochromatic (nested, separated, and crossing) subtrees of size only in a 2‐colored ordered complete graph on vertices. Some of these results relate to drawings of complete graphs. For instance, the existence of a monochromatic nonnested spanning tree in 2‐colorings of ordered complete graphs verifies a more general conjecture for twisted drawings. Our second subject is to refine the Ramsey number of matchings, that is, pairwise independent edges for ordered complete graphs. Cockayne and Lorimer proved that for given positive integers , is the smallest integer with the following property: every ‐coloring of the edges of a complete graph contains a monochromatic matching with edges. We conjecture that this result can be strengthened: ‐colored ordered complete graphs on vertices contain monochromatic nonnested and also nonseparated matchings with edges. We prove this conjecture for some special cases including the following.

(i) Every ‐colored ordered complete graph on vertices contains a monochromatic nonnested matching of size two ( case). We prove it by showing that the chromatic number of the subgraph of the Kneser graph induced by the nonnested 2‐matchings in an ordered complete graph on vertices is ‐chromatic.
(ii) Every 2‐colored ordered complete graph on vertices contains a monochromatic nonseparated matching of size ( case). This is the hypergraph analog of a result of Kaiser and Stehlík who proved that the Kneser graph induced by the nonseparated 2‐matchings in an ordered complete graph on vertices is ‐chromatic.For nested, separated, and crossing matchings the situation is different. The smallest ensuring a monochromatic matching of size in every ‐coloring is in the first two cases and one less in the third case.
Understanding the riddle of amine oxidase flavoenzyme reactivity on the stereoisomers of N‐methyl‐dopa and N‐methyl‐tyrosine
Authors: Gracia Carmona Oriol , Lahham Majd , Poliak Peter , Goj Dominic , Frießer Eva , Wallner Silvia , Macheroux Peter , Oostenbrink Chris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnzymes are usually stereospecific against chiral substrates, which is commonly accepted for the amine oxidase family of enzymes as well. However, the FsqB (fumisoquin biosynthesis gene B) enzyme that belongs to the family of sarcosine oxidase and oxidizes L‐N‐methyl‐amino acids, shows surprising activity for both enantiomers of N‐methyl‐dopa. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanism behind this behavior. Primary docking experiments showed that tyrosine and aspartate residues (121 and 315 respectively) are located on the ceiling of the active site of FsqB and may play a role in fixing the N‐methyl‐dopa via its catechol moiety and allowing both stereoisomers of this substrate to be in close proximity of the N5 atom of the isoalloxazine ring of the cofactor. Three experimental approaches were used to prove this hypothesis which are: (1) studying the oxidative ability of the variants Y121F and D315A on N‐methyl‐dopa substrates in comparison with N‐methyl‐tyrosine substrates; (2) studying the FsqB WT and variants catalyzed biotransformation via high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); (3) molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the underlying mechanisms of the molecular recognition. First, we found that the chemical characteristics of the catechol moiety of N‐methyl‐dopa are important to explain the differences between N‐methyl‐dopa and N‐methyl‐tyrosine. Furthermore, we found that Y121 and D315 are specific in FsqB and not found in the model enzyme sarcosine oxidase. The on‐bench and theoretical mutagenesis studies show that Y121 residue has a major role in fixing the N‐methyl‐dopa substrates close to the N5 atom of the isoalloxazine ring of the cofactor. Simultaneously, D315 has a supportive role in this mechanism. Jointly, the experimental and theoretical approaches help to solve the riddle of FsqB amine oxidase substrate specificity.
Altered interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and its potential in therapeutic response prediction
Authors: Yan Haohao , Zhang Yingying , Shan Xiaoxiao , Li Huabing , Liu Feng , Xie Guojun , Li Ping , Guo Wenbin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe trajectory of voxel‐mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) after medical treatment in obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) and its value in prediction of treatment response remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanism of OCD, as well as biomarkers for prediction of pharmacological efficacy. Medication‐free patients with OCD and healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. The patients were scanned again after a 4‐week treatment with paroxetine. The acquired data were subjected to VMHC, support vector regression (SVR), and correlation analyses. Compared with HCs (36 subjects), patients with OCD (34 subjects after excluding two subjects with excessive head movement) exhibited significantly lower VMHC in the bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL), postcentral gyrus, and calcarine cortex, and VMHC in the postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with cognitive function. After treatment, the patients showed increased VMHC in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus (PCC/PCu) with the improvement of symptoms. SVR results showed that VMHC in the postcentral gyrus at baseline could aid to predict a change in the scores of OCD scales. This study revealed that SPL, postcentral gyrus, and calcarine cortex participate in the pathophysiological mechanism of OCD while PCC/PCu participate in the pharmacological mechanism. VMHC in the postcentral gyrus is a potential predictive biomarker of the treatment effects in OCD.