bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan and cyanobacterial biomass accounting physiological and biochemical development of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under nutrient stress conditions
Authors: Molnár Zoltán , Lamnganbi Mutum , Solomon Wogene , Janda Tibor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the spirit of getting back to nature and using science to increase crop productivity without posing any threat to the environment, researchers are paying attention to making natural products alternative sources of nutrients for plants at affordable prices. On top of this, chitosan and cyanobacteria have become popular in agriculture as metabolic enhancers, biofertilizers, and antimicrobial properties. Cyanobacteria are known to possess biostimulating properties while chitosan is well known for its inherent biological properties. With the aim of minimizing the application of nitrogen, this experiment was conducted for the first time to check if the application of chitosan, microalgae, or both with 50% nitrogen can balance the nutrient requirement for different physiological and biochemical development as effectively as a 100% nitrogen dose. The data were recorded only for the early vegetative stages, as the seeds were non‐vernalized. The basic parameters recorded were hexose content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total phenol content, and relative water content (RWC). In most of the parameters, comparable results were found between the control (with a 100% nitrogen recommended dose) and other treatments (where either microalga, chitosan, or both were added), whereas it was clearly shown that 50% of recommended nitrogen doses reduce the hexose, chlorophyll, and RWCs. Thus, the treatments were effective in supplementing the developmental requirements. Therefore, the combined use of chitosan and cyanobacteria on crops significantly lowers nitrogen fertilization, increases photosynthesis, enhances resistance to water stress, and enhances antioxidant activity in modern agriculture.
Evaluation of karst spring water quality in northeast Tennessee using water quality indices
Authors: Fashina Lukman , Luffman Ingrid , Nandi Arpita , Joyner Timothy Andrew 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnsuring access to safe drinking water to protect public health in communities underserved or unserved by centralized water systems requires regular water quality testing and reporting. However, households depending on unregulated water systems like wells and springs, which are less routinely tested, may be unaware of their water quality. Access to easy‐to‐comprehend water quality information may be challenging. Therefore, this study utilized multiple water quality parameters to determine karst spring water quality using two water quality index (WQI) methods. This approach aggregates and summarizes water quality data into a single value or index characterizing the general health status of water at a given location in an easy‐to‐understand way. In situ measurements of physicochemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, and oxidation–reduction potential) were taken at 50 karst springs in east Tennessee during summer 2021. Water samples were analyzed for microbial (fecal coliform and Escherichia coli), nutrients (nitrate and nitrite), and radiological (radon) constituents using standard analytical methods. WQI method 1 (Brown et al. Water Quality Index) rated 12% of springs as “very poor” water quality and 88% as “unfit for drinking.” WQI method 2 (National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index) rated 4% of the sampled springs as “good,” 92% as “moderate,” and 4% as “bad.” Given the prevalence of fecal contamination in the sampled springs, even springs rated good should be properly treated before consumption. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate WQI for the end water use, and for water quality information that is easily understandable by water users.
One‐Step Generation of Energy‐Time‐Polarization‐Hyper‐Entangled W‐Class Triphotons: Nonlinear and Linear Optical Responses
Authors: Zhang Siqiang , Tang Haitian , Wei Jiajia , Wei Jiaxuan , Ahmed Irfan , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNonclassical multiphoton have attracted extensive attention to serve as entangled resources for quantum information technology. Here, the continuous‐mode hyper‐entangled W‐class triphotons are theoretically generated through spontaneous six‐wave mixing (SSWM) in 85Rb. In nonlinear optical response, Zeeman sub‐states are high‐dimensionally quantized by polarized dressing. High‐dimensional entanglement is structured via atomic non‐Hermitian nature. Through linear optical response, the temporal correlations are shaped via diverse polarized dressing. SSWM‐based triphoton is a genuine triphoton possessing non‐Gaussian tripartite entanglement. The high production rate is due to co‐action of three strong input fields, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) protection, and slow light effect. Non‐Hermitian nature endows the system with sensitive adjustability around exceptional points (EP). Eventually, the results demonstrate multiple SSWMs causing oscillations with multiple periods in three‐photon temporal correlations for the nonlinear region, build a high‐dimensional three‐body entangled quantum network and transform multifarious profiles of the three‐photon temporal correlations for the linear region. Especially, both high‐dimensional and hyper entanglements are obtained, contributing to high quantum information capacity. Further, the system is switched among multiple states when non‐Hermitian nature is manipulated by polarized dressing. The research opens a broad prospect for generating the hyper‐entangled multiphoton with potential application in adjustable quantum networks of high information capacity.
Spectral Structure and Doublon Dissociation in the Two‐Particle Non‐Hermitian Hubbard Model
Authors: Longhi Stefano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStrongly‐correlated systems in non‐Hermitian models are an emergent area of research. Herein, a non‐Hermitian Hubbard model is considered, where the single‐particle hopping amplitudes on the lattice are not reciprocal, and provide exact analytical results of the spectral structure in the two‐particle sector of Hilbert space under different boundary conditions. The analysis unveils some interesting spectral and dynamical effects of purely non‐Hermitian nature and that deviate from the usual scenario found in the single‐particle regime. Specifically, a spectral phase transition of the Mott‐Hubbard band on the infinite lattice is predicted as the interaction energy is increased above a critical value, from an open to a closed loop in complex energy plane, and the dynamical dissociation of doublons, i.e., instability of two‐particle bound states, in the bulk of the lattice, with a sudden revival of the doublon state when the two particles reach the lattice edge. Particle dissociation observed in the bulk of the lattice is a clear manifestation of non‐Hermitian dynamics arising from the different lifetimes of single‐particle and two‐particle states, whereas the sudden revival of the doublon state at the boundaries is a striking burst edge dynamical effect peculiar to non‐Hermitian systems with boundary‐dependent energy spectra, here predicted for the first time for correlated particles.
Escape from Hydrofunctionalization: Palladium Hydride‐Enabled Difunctionalization of Conjugated Dienes and Enynes
Authors: Zhang Ziyan , Gevorgyan Vladimir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPalladium hydrides are traditionally employed in hydrofunctionalization (i.e. monofunctionalization) of conjugated dienes and enynes, owning to its facile protic hydropalladation of electron‐rich (or neutral) unsaturated bonds. Herein, we report a mild PdH‐catalyzed difunctionalization of conjugated dienes and enynes. This protocol is enabled by the chemoselectivity switch of the initial hydropalladation step achieved by visible light enhancement of hydricity of PdH species. This method allows for cascade annulation of dienes and enynes with various easily available and abundant substrates, such as acrylic acids, acrylic amides, and Baylis–Hillman adducts, toward a wide range of alkenyl or alkynyl lactones, lactams, and tetrahydrofurans. This protocol also provides an easy access to complex spiro‐fused tricyclic frameworks.
Highly Recyclable and Tough Elastic Vitrimers from a Defined Polydimethylsiloxane Network
Authors: Luo Jiancheng , Zhao Xiao , Ju Hao , Chen Xiangjun , Zhao Sheng , Demchuk Zoriana , Li Bingrui , Bocharova Vera , Carrillo Jan‐Michael Y. , Keum Jong K. , Xu Sheng , Sokolov Alexei P. , Chen Jiayao , Cao Peng‐Fei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite intensive research on sustainable elastomers, achieving elastic vitrimers with significantly improved mechanical properties and recyclability remains a scientific challenge. Herein, inspired by the classical elasticity theory, we present a design principle for ultra‐tough and highly recyclable elastic vitrimers with a defined network constructed by chemically crosslinking the pre‐synthesized disulfide‐containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains with tetra‐arm polyethylene glycol (PEG). The defined network is achieved by the reduced dangling short chains and the relatively uniform molecular weight of network strands. Such elastic vitrimers with the defined network, i.e., PDMS‐disulfide‐D, exhibit significantly improved mechanical performance than random analogous, previously reported PDMS vitrimers, and even commercial silicone‐based thermosets. Moreover, unlike the vitrimers with random network that show obvious loss in mechanical properties after recycling, those with the defined network enable excellent thermal recyclability. The PDMS‐disulfide‐D also deliver comparable electrochemical signals if utilized as substrates for electromyography sensors after the recycling. The multiple relaxation processes are revealed via a unique physical approach. Multiple techniques are also applied to unravel the microscopic mechanism of the excellent mechanical performance and recyclability of such defined network.
Structural optimization and flow field simulation of gas distribution device in desulfurization tower
Authors: Hou Bo , Chen Ou , Wang Yongzheng , Wang Feng , Lu Guangjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn order to comply with ultra‐low emission requirements and further reduce the concentration of SO2 emissions from coal‐fired power plants, a novel distributor has been proposed to enhance the uniformity of fluid distribution in the desulfurization tower. The distributor ensures that the inlet flue gas comes into even contact with the slurry droplets ejected from the nozzle, thereby improving the removal efficiency of SO2. The research focuses on a circular desulfurization tower using ammonia‐based desulfurization. To study the enhancement of non‐empty tower desulfurization efficiency, a CFD‐DPM model based on the Euler–Lagrange method has been established. The accuracy of the model has been verified through comparison with experimental or validated data, ensuring its reliability in predicting the performance of the proposed distributor in enhancing desulfurization efficiency in the circular desulfurization tower. The simulation results demonstrate that the addition of the new inflow gas distributor leads to a significantly thinner flue gas escape zone in the circular desulfurization tower. The flue gas flow velocity at the wall side of the tower, above the distributor, increases by only about 1 m/s with the rise of the horizontal cross section, and there is hardly any flue gas escape zone observed. The addition of the distributor increases the pressure drop in the local area, while optimizing the flow field in other areas and reducing the turbulent dissipation energy, which in turn reduces the full tower pressure drop from 701 to 474 Pa. Additionally, the flue gas at the outlet of the distributor is uniformly dispersed, with gas velocity distribution unevenness values of 0.558, 0.587, and 0.601, respectively, which are 15.9%, 14.0%, and 14.0% lower than the unevenness value of the empty tower spraying, at a depth of 1 m below each spray layer. These improvements in gas flow distribution and pressure drop contribute to better control of ammonia escape and aerosol phenomenon, while also enhancing the desulfurization efficiency.
Enhanced desalination performance and arsenate removal using semi‐aromatic polyamide‐based pervaporation membranes by modifying with amino‐acids via interfacial polymerization
Authors: Pham Xuan Minh , Nguyen Nguyen Thi , Van Bui Thang , Nguyen Nhu Huynh Thi , Nguyen Thao Minh , Bui Pha Ngoc , Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Thi , Phong Mai Thanh , Nguyen Van‐Huy , Tran Le‐Hai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, the semi‐aromatic polyamide membranes were synthesized by the interfacial polymerization between piperazine (PIP) monomers in the water phase and Benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarbonyl chloride in the organic phase. To further modify the semi‐aromatic pervaporation membrane, the two amino acids, glycine, and l‐lysine, were mixed with PIP monomers for interfacial polymerization. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the synthesized membranes were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The results show that the semi‐aromatic polyamide membranes modified by the two amino acids possess a higher hydrophilic surface and lower thickness compared to the unmodified membrane. Additionally, the permeation flux of the semi‐aromatic polyamide membranes was improved by 18.6% and 38.5% as modified with glycine and l‐lysine, respectively, at the operating temperature of 70°C when the rejection of both NaCl and arsenic are higher than 99.8%. Furthermore, the operating temperature significantly influenced the permeation flux, while the salt rejections were insignificantly affected. The permeation flux increases by 3.2‐ and 4.0‐folds for glycine and lysine‐modified membranes, respectively, when elevating the feed temperature from 40°C to 70°C. The highest permeation flux of 29.5 kg m−2 h−1 with a 5 wt% NaCl rejection of 99.8% was obtained at 70°C by using 0.3 wt% l‐lysine modified polyamide (PA) membrane. For elimination of 1.5 mg L−1 As solution at the feed temperature of 70°C, such l‐lysine modified PA membrane exhibited the permeation flux of 30.5 kg m−2 h−1 and As rejection of 99.6%, respectively. This work provides a cost‐saving, facile, and eco‐friendly preparation method for effectively improving the permeation flux while not sacrificing the high rejection of salts of the modified membranes.
Adaptive tracking control under quantized observations and observation uncertainty with unbounded variance
Authors: Kong Chuiliu , Wang Ying , Zhao Yanlong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present a matrix‐type adaptive tracking control scheme for a stochastic regression system with multi‐threshold quantized observations and observation uncertainty. This observation uncertainty is described by an additive random noise, whose variance could be a polynomial‐type rate of increase and tends to infinity. Our method, first, to handle simultaneously parameter uncertainty, quantized observation, and observation uncertainty, incorporates an online stochastic approximation‐type parameter identification algorithm. Second, based on the above identification algorithm, we construct a matrix‐type adaptive tracking control law by the certainty equivalence principle. In addition, under suitable conditions, the above identification algorithm and matrix‐type adaptive tracking control law in the mean square sense can ensure that the estimations of the unknown parameters converge to the true values and achieve asymptotically optimal tracking of the periodic reference signal, respectively. To characterize the effect of observation uncertainty on the convergence speed of the identification algorithm in the mean square sense, a quantitative relationship between observation uncertainty and the convergence speed is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed matrix‐type adaptive tracking control scheme is verified through a simulation.
A reinforcement learning algorithm for trading commodities
Authors: Giorgi Federico , Herzel Stefano , Pigato Paolo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe propose a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm for generating a trading strategy in a realistic setting, that includes transaction costs and factors driving the asset dynamics. We benchmark our algorithm against the analytical optimal solution, available when factors are linear and transaction costs are quadratic, showing that RL is able to mimic the optimal strategy. Then we consider a more realistic setting, including non‐linear dynamics, that better describes the WTI spot prices time series. For these more general dynamics, an optimal strategy is not known and RL becomes a viable alternative. We show that on synthetic data generated from WTI spot prices, the RL agent outperforms a trader that linearizes the model to apply the theoretical optimal strategy.
Behavioral and neural measures of infant responsivity increase with maternal multisensory input in non‐irritable infants
Authors: Neel Mary Lauren , Jeanvoine Arnaud , Key Alexandra , Stark Ann R. , Norton Elizabeth S. , Relland Lance M. , Hay Krystal , Maitre Nathalie L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionParents often use sensory stimulation during early‐life interactions with infants. These interactions, including gazing, rocking, or singing, scaffold child development. Previous studies have examined infant neural processing during highly controlled sensory stimulus presentation paradigms.ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated infant behavioral and neural responsiveness during a mother–child social interaction during which the mother provided infant stimulation with a progressive increase in the number of sensory modalities.MethodsWe prospectively collected and analyzed video‐coded behavioral interactions and electroencephalogram (EEG) frontal asymmetry (FAS) from infants (n = 60) at 2–4 months born at ≥ 34 weeks gestation. As the number of sensory modalities progressively increased during the interaction, infant behaviors of emotional connection in facial expressiveness, sensitivity to mother, and vocal communication increased significantly. Conversely, infant FAS for the entire cohort did not change significantly. However, when we accounted for infant irritability, both video‐coded behaviors and EEG FAS markers of infant responsiveness increased across the interaction in the non‐irritable infants. The non‐irritable infants (49%) demonstrated positive FAS, indicating readiness to engage with, rather than to withdraw from, multisensory but not unisensory interactions with their mothers.ResultsThese results suggest that multisensory input from mothers is associated with greater infant neural approach state and highlight the importance of infant behavioral state during neural measures of infant responsiveness.
Do foreign directors reinforce better waste management? The moderating role of eco‐innovation
Authors: Uyar Ali , Al‐Shaer Habiba , Kuzey Cemil , Karaman Abdullah S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrior studies have reported an association between corporate waste management practices and certain board attributes, but none have focused on foreign directors. Therefore, we examine foreign directors' contributions to firms' waste management by exclusively focusing on waste reduction and recycling. Furthermore, we explore an important channel through which foreign directors spur better waste management, namely, eco‐innovation. Drawing on 6891 observations affiliated with 9 sectors and 46 countries, we execute country, industry and year fixed‐effects regression analysis. We find that while foreign directors on the board are negatively associated with waste generation, they are positively associated with waste recycling. Furthermore, while the eco‐innovativeness of firms negatively moderates the association between foreign directors on the board and waste generation, it positively moderates the association between foreign directors on the board and waste recycling. Further channel analyses reveal more insights concerning polluting versus non‐polluting and poor versus strong regulatory environments.
Effects of omega‐3 supplementation on psychological symptoms in men with prostate cancer: Secondary analysis of a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Authors: Savard Josée , Moussa Hanane , Pelletier Jean‐François , Julien Pierre , Lacombe Louis , Tiguert Rabi , Caumartin Yves , Dujardin Thierry , Toren Paul , Pouliot Frédéric , Lodde Michele , Fradet Yves , Robitaille Karine , Fradet Vincent 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the general population, a higher omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake is associated with lower levels of several psychological symptoms, especially depression. However, the existing evidence in cancer is equivocal.MethodsThis phase IIB double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was aimed at comparing the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid monoacylglyceride (MAG‐EPA) supplementation and high oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO; placebo) on depression levels (primary outcome) and other symptoms (anxiety, fear of cancer recurrence, fatigue, insomnia, perceived cognitive impairments; secondary outcomes). Participants, recruited in a prostate cancer clinic, were randomized to MAG‐EPA (3.75 g daily; n = 65) or HOSO (3.75 g daily; n = 65) for 1 year post‐radical prostatectomy (RP), starting 4–10 weeks before surgery. Patients completed self‐report scales at baseline (before RP) and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognitive Function (FACT‐Cog).ResultsAnalyses showed significant reductions in HADS‐depression, HADS‐anxiety, FCRI, ISI, FSI‐number of days, and FACT‐Cog‐impact scores over time. A significant group‐by‐time interaction was obtained on FACT‐Cog‐Impact scores only; yet, the temporal change was significant in HOSO patients only.ConclusionsSeveral symptoms significantly decreased over time, mainly within the first months of the study. However, MAG‐EPA did not produce greater reductions than HOSO. Omega‐3 supplementation does not seem to improve psychological symptoms of men treated with RP.