bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of nanotheranostic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks in cancer management
Authors: Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Abdulhadi Mohanad Ali , Al-Ameer Lubna R , Kareem Doaa Saadi , Merza Muna S , Zabibah Rahman S , Galib Ibrahem 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cancer is a major threat to human health, and it is still the leading cause of death from disease. Due to how quickly nanomedicine is developing, it is thought that nanoscale metal–organic frameworks (MOF) could be used in the treatment and biomedical imaging of many types of cancer. More and more researchers are interested in zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF)−8 because it has a high porosity, a large specific surface area, and reacts to changes in pH. Understanding the properties of nanomaterials and how tumour works requires a complex and thorough look at how ZIF-8 nanoparticles (NPs) are made, how they can be changed, and how drugs are loaded into them. We mostly looked at the research that came out in the last three years, summed up how their use in imaging and treating tumour has changed, and talked about the pros and cons of using ZIF-8 NPs for cancer theranostic now and in the future. As a MOF material with a lot of potentials, ZIF-8 is likely to be used in more therapeutic systems in the future and to continue to help with all parts of tumour therapy and diagnosis.
Enhanced vacuum ultraviolet photoemission from graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Corso Martina , Lobo-Checa Jorge , Weber Andrew P , Piquero-Zulaica Ignacio , Abd El-Fattah Zakaria M , Le Fèvre Patrick , Enrique Ortega J , Krasovskii Eugene 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Photon-energy dependence of photoemission from seven-atoms-wide armchair graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is studied experimentally and theoretically up to

ℏ
ω
=
95

eV. A strong photon energy dependence of the normal emission from the valence band maximum (VB1) is observed, sharply peaked at

ℏ
ω
=
12

eV. The detailed analysis of the light-polarization dependence of the photoemission from VB1 unambiguously characterizes the symmetry of the state. The experimental observations are analyzed based on ab initio one-step theory of photoemission. Off-normal emission is studied in detail and its relation to the standing-wave character of the valence band states is discussed. Excellent agreement with the earlier experiment (Senkovskiy et al 2018 2D Mater.
5 035007) is obtained. Rapid variations of the intensity with the ribbon-transverse photoelectron momentum are predicted from the ab initio theory, which are at variance with the prediction of the tight-binding rigid-wall model. These findings can help interpret angle-resolved photoemission measurements of similar systems. Moreover, the strong enhancement of the photoyield could trigger the GNR application as narrow-band photodetectors and contribute to the design of novel photocathodes for vacuum ultraviolet photodetection.
Phase and surface structures-optical transmittance correlation of sputtered Al-doped ZnO film on glass substrate
Authors: Niyom Kanchanee , Rattanasakulthong Watcharee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The electrical and optical properties of sputtered Al-doped ZnO films prepared on a glass substrate with different thicknesses (97, 127, 161, 211, and 276 nm) were systematically investigated. The 97 nm film showed only the main peak of the AZO (002) phase, whereas the rest films exhibited AZO (002) and (004) phases, and the peak intensities were obviously increased with increasing thickness. The films displayed a granular grain surface and columnar-like structure with different sizes and distributions depending on film thickness. Surface roughness was increased, whereas the electrical resistance was decreased with increasing film thickness. The smallest crystallite size of about 26 nm with the highest resistivity and lowest carrier concentration was observed on a 127 nm film, whereas the crystallite size of about 29 nm was observed on the 97, 161, 211, and 276 nm films. All AZO films exhibited good electrical properties and transparency with an averaged optical transmittance higher than 80% in the visible wavelength. The 162 nm film showed the highest transmittance of 86% in the wavelength range of 350–900 nm and a wide energy band gap of 3.52 eV because of the highest mobility and crystallite size with a columnar structure and random size distribution. The figure of merit (FOM) was strongly related to the optical band gap and tended to increase with increasing thickness. The results are attributed that the optical energy band gap was altered by film thickness by improving phase structure and surface morphology.
Characterization of 3D metal printed cutting tool with transpiration cooling channels
Authors: S S Anuj Srivathsa , Muralidharan B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study characterizes the 3D-printed transpiration cooling (TC) channels in a single-point cutting tool to enhance lubrication and cooling at the cutting zones. Five different TC channels, namely two circular profiled channels (Designs 1-A & 1-B), two hexagonal profiled channel (Designs 2-A & 2-B), and one bio-inspired blood vessel (Designs 3), are designed inside a single-point turning tool and 3D printed using AISI-1.2709 in powder bed fusion (PBF). From the materials and mechanical characterisation, fine cellular microstructure and high hardness are achieved. X-ray microcomputed tomography (XRμCT) has been used as a non-destructive inspection strategy to analyse the built structures. The results of XRμCT showed that the TC channel built is highly orientation-dependent, steeper angles deviate highly, and nominal angles such as 0° and 90° (to the build platform) provide the best dimensional accuracy. The average dimensional deviations of the five designs are −35.8%, −19.42%, −19.45%, −15.85%, and −5.02%, respectively, from the as-designed. The best designs are circular free-form (Design 1-B), hexagonal free-form (Design 2-B), and bio-inspired blood vessel (Design 3), which have the least dimensional deviation and highest accuracy.
ProbioMinServer: an integrated platform for assessing the safety and functional properties of potential probiotic strains
Authors: Liu Yen-Yi , Hsu Chu-Yi , Yang Ya-Chu , Huang Chien-Hsun , Chen Chih-Chieh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Motivation
ProbioMinServer is a platform designed to help researchers access information on probiotics regarding a wide variety of characteristics, such as safety (e.g. antimicrobial resistance, virulence, pathogenic, plasmid, and prophage genes) and functionality (e.g. functional classes, carbohydrate-active enzyme, and metabolite gene cluster profile). Because probiotics are functional foods, their safety and functionality are a crucial part of health care. Genomics has become a crucial methodology for investigating the safety and functionality of probiotics in food and feed. This shift is primarily attributed to the growing affordability of next-generation sequencing technologies. However, no integrated platform is available for simultaneously evaluating probiotic strain safety, investigating probiotic functionality, and identifying known phylogenetically related strains.

Results
Thus, we constructed a new platform, ProbioMinServer, which incorporates these functions. ProbioMinServer accepts whole-genome sequence files in the FASTA format. If the query genome belongs to the 25 common probiotic species collected in our database, the server performs a database search and analyzes the core-genome multilocus sequence typing. Front-end applications were implemented in JavaScript with a bootstrap framework, and back-end programs were implemented using PHP, Perl, and Python. ProbioMinServer can help researchers quickly and easily retrieve information on the safety and functionality of various probiotics.

Availability and implementation
The platform is available at https://probiomindb.imst.nsysu.edu.tw.
A controlled effects approach to assessing immune correlates of protection
Authors: Gilbert Peter B , Fong Youyi , Kenny Avi , Carone Marco 
Published: October 2023

Summary
An immune correlate of risk (CoR) is an immunologic biomarker in vaccine recipients associated with an infectious disease clinical endpoint. An immune correlate of protection (CoP) is a CoR that can be used to reliably predict vaccine efficacy (VE) against the clinical endpoint and hence is accepted as a surrogate endpoint that can be used for accelerated approval or guide use of vaccines. In randomized, placebo-controlled trials, CoR analysis is limited by not assessing a causal vaccine effect. To address this limitation, we construct the controlled risk curve of a biomarker, which provides the causal risk of an endpoint if all participants are assigned vaccine and the biomarker is set to different levels. Furthermore, we propose a causal CoP analysis based on controlled effects, where for the important special case that the biomarker is constant in the placebo arm, we study the controlled vaccine efficacy curve that contrasts the controlled risk curve with placebo arm risk. We provide identification conditions and formulae that account for right censoring of the clinical endpoint and two-phase sampling of the biomarker, and consider G-computation estimation and inference under a semiparametric model such as the Cox model. We add modular approaches to sensitivity analysis that quantify robustness of CoP evidence to unmeasured confounding. We provide an application to two phase 3 trials of a dengue vaccine indicating that controlled risk of dengue strongly varies with 50$\%$ neutralizing antibody titer. Our work introduces controlled effects causal mediation analysis to immune CoP evaluation.
Atopic dermatitis phenotypes based on cluster analysis of the Danish Skin Cohort
Authors: Nymand Lea , Nielsen Mia-Louise , Vittrup Ida , Halling Anne-Sofie , Francis Thomsen Simon , Egeberg Alexander , Thyssen Jacob P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Despite previous attempts to classify atopic dermatitis (AD) into subtypes (e.g. extrinsic vs. intrinsic), there is a need to better understand specific phenotypes in adulthood.

Objectives
To identify, using machine learning (ML), adult AD phenotypes.

Methods
We used unsupervised cluster analysis to identify AD phenotypes by analysing different responses to predetermined variables (age of disease onset, severity, itch and skin pain intensity, flare frequency, anatomical location, presence and/or severity of current comorbidities) in adults with AD from the Danish Skin Cohort.

Results
The unsupervised cluster analysis resulted in five clusters where AD severity most clearly differed. We classified them as ‘mild’, ‘mild-to-moderate’, ‘moderate’, ‘severe’ and ‘very severe’. The severity of multiple predetermined patient-reported outcomes was positively associated with AD, including an increased number of flare-ups and increased flare-up duration and disease severity. However, an increased severity of rhinitis and mental health burden was also found for the mild-to-moderate phenotype.

Conclusions
ML confirmed the use of disease severity for the categorization of phenotypes, and our cluster analysis provided novel detailed information about how flare patterns and duration are associated with AD disease severity.
The Importance of Information Processing in Child Protection Cases—A Study of Social Workers’ Integration of Other Professionals’ Knowledge
Authors: Greve Rakel Aasheim , Persdotter Birgitta , Christiansen Øivin , Jørgensen Tone 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The processes used by social workers to collect, interpret and use stakeholder information in child protection cases are an unexplored but essential part of the decision-making process. This study focuses on social workers’ efforts to integrate the knowledge of other professionals. This article draws on a framework for managing knowledge across organisational boundaries and a process-oriented conceptualisation of knowledge integration. The analysis of ten interviews with social workers shows that the process of knowledge integration affects the basis of social workers’ decision making. We argue that knowledge possessed by other professionals is often viewed as easily transferrable and correctly received, when in fact this knowledge is often complex and subjective and requires extra effort to obtain, understand and integrate into case-specific situations. This implies a need to recognise information processing as an influencing factor in decision making within child protection that pertains to both practice and research.
Neurofilament light chain for classifying the aetiology of alteration of consciousness
Authors: Ongphichetmetha Tatchaporn , Thanapornsangsuth Poosanu , Luechaipanit Watayuth , Loymunkong Nattawan , Rattanawong Wanakorn , Hiransuthikul Akarin , Supharatpariyakorn Thirawat , Sriswasdi Sira , Hemachudha Thiravat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Neurofilament light chain has become a promising biomarker for neuroaxonal injury; however, its diagnostic utility is limited to chronic disorders or specific contexts. Alteration of consciousness is a common clinical problem with diverse aetiologies, many of which require timely diagnoses. We evaluated the value of neurofilament light chain alone, as well as creating diagnostic models, in distinguishing causes of alteration of consciousness. Patients presenting with alteration of consciousness were enrolled. Initial clinical data of each participant were evaluated by a neurologist to give a provisional diagnosis. Each participant subsequently received advanced investigations and follow-up to conclude the final diagnosis. All diagnoses were classified into a structural or non-structural cause of alteration of consciousness. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurofilament light chain were measured. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain and other clinical parameters were used to develop logistic regression models. The performance of cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain, the neurologist’s provisional diagnosis, and the model to predict the final diagnosis were compared. For the results, among 71 participants enrolled, 67.6% and 32.4% of their final diagnoses were classified as structural and non-structural, respectively. Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.63–0.88) which was not significantly different from a neurologist’s provisional diagnosis 0.85 (95% confidence interval 0.75–0.94) (P = 0.14). The multivariable regression model using cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain and other basic clinical data achieved an area under the curve of 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.83–0.98). In conclusion, neurofilament light chain classified causes of alteration of consciousness with moderate accuracy. Nevertheless, including other basic clinical data to construct a model improved the performance to a level that was comparable to clinical neurologists.
Role of articulatory motor networks in perceptual categorization of speech signals: a 7T fMRI study
Authors: Lankinen Kaisu , Ahveninen Jyrki , Uluç Işıl , Daneshzand Mohammad , Mareyam Azma , Kirsch John E , Polimeni Jonathan R , Healy Brian C , Tian Qiyuan , Khan Sheraz , Nummenmaa Aapo , Wang Qing Mei , Green Jordan R , Kimberley Teresa J , Li Shasha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Speech and language processing involve complex interactions between cortical areas necessary for articulatory movements and auditory perception and a range of areas through which these are connected and interact. Despite their fundamental importance, the precise mechanisms underlying these processes are not fully elucidated. We measured BOLD signals from normal hearing participants using high-field 7 Tesla fMRI with 1-mm isotropic voxel resolution. The subjects performed 2 speech perception tasks (discrimination and classification) and a speech production task during the scan. By employing univariate and multivariate pattern analyses, we identified the neural signatures associated with speech production and perception. The left precentral, premotor, and inferior frontal cortex regions showed significant activations that correlated with phoneme category variability during perceptual discrimination tasks. In addition, the perceived sound categories could be decoded from signals in a region of interest defined based on activation related to production task. The results support the hypothesis that articulatory motor networks in the left hemisphere, typically associated with speech production, may also play a critical role in the perceptual categorization of syllables. The study provides valuable insights into the intricate neural mechanisms that underlie speech processing.
Developmental plasticity of the structural network of the occipital cortex in congenital blindness
Authors: Jiao Saiyi , Wang Ke , Zhang Linjun , Luo Yudan , Lin Junfeng , Han Zaizhu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The occipital cortex is the visual processing center in the mammalian brain. An unanswered scientific question pertains to the impact of congenital visual deprivation on the development of various profiles within the occipital network. To address this issue, we recruited 30 congenitally blind participants (8 children and 22 adults) as well as 31 sighted participants (10 children and 21 adults). Our investigation focused on identifying the gray matter regions and white matter connections within the occipital cortex, alongside behavioral measures, that demonstrated different developmental patterns between blind and sighted individuals. We discovered significant developmental changes in the gray matter regions and white matter connections of the occipital cortex among blind individuals from childhood to adulthood, in comparison with sighted individuals. Moreover, some of these structures exhibited cognitive functional reorganization. Specifically, in blind adults, the posterior occipital regions (left calcarine fissure and right middle occipital gyrus) showed reorganization of tactile perception, and the forceps major tracts were reorganized for braille reading. These plastic changes in blind individuals may be attributed to experience-dependent neuronal apoptosis, pruning, and myelination. These findings provide valuable insights into the longitudinal neuroanatomical and cognitive functional plasticity of the occipital network following long-term visual deprivation.
Exploration of rich-club reorganization in facial synkinesis: insights from structural and functional brain network analysis
Authors: Zhang Chen-hao , Wang Han-qi , Lu Yong , Wang Wei , Ma Hao , Lu Ye-chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Facial palsy therapies based on cortical plasticity are in development, but facial synkinesis progress is limited. Studying neural plasticity characteristics, especially network organization and its constitutive elements (nodes/edges), is the key to overcome the bottleneck. We studied 55 participants (33 facial synkinesis patients, 22 healthy controls) with clinical assessments, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We analyzed rich-club organization and metrics of structural brain networks (rich-club coefficients, strength, degree, density, and efficiency). Functional brain network metrics, including functional connectivity and its coupling with the structural network, were also computed. Patients displayed reduced strength and density of rich-club nodes and edges, as well as decreased global efficiency. All nodes exhibited decreased nodal efficiency in patients. Patients had significantly increased functional connectivity and decreased structural–functional coupling strength in rich-club nodes, rich-club edges, and feeder edges. Our study indicates that facial synkinesis patients have weakened structural connections but enhanced functional transmission from rich-club nodes. The loss of connections and efficiency in structural network may trigger compensatory increases in functional connectivity of rich-club nodes. Two potential biomarkers, rich-club edge density and structural–functional coupling strength, may serve as indicators of disease outcome. These findings provide valuable insights into synkinesis mechanisms and offer potential targets for cortical intervention.
Alteration of the large-scale white-matter functional networks in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chen Kai , Zhuang Wenwen , Zhang Yanfang , Yin Shunjie , Liu Yinghua , Chen Yuan , Kang Xiaodong , Ma Hailin , Zhang Tao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose core deficit is social dysfunction. Previous studies have indicated that structural changes in white matter are associated with autism spectrum disorder. However, few studies have explored the alteration of the large-scale white-matter functional networks in autism spectrum disorder. Here, we identified ten white-matter functional networks on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data using the K-means clustering algorithm. Compared with the white matter and white-matter functional network connectivity of the healthy controls group, we found significantly decreased white matter and white-matter functional network connectivity mainly located within the Occipital network, Middle temporo-frontal network, and Deep network in autism spectrum disorder. Compared with healthy controls, findings from white-matter gray-matter functional network connectivity showed the decreased white-matter gray-matter functional network connectivity mainly distributing in the Occipital network and Deep network. Moreover, we compared the spontaneous activity of white-matter functional networks between the two groups. We found that the spontaneous activity of Middle temporo-frontal and Deep network was significantly decreased in autism spectrum disorder. Finally, the correlation analysis showed that the white matter and white-matter functional network connectivity between the Middle temporo-frontal network and others networks and the spontaneous activity of the Deep network were significantly correlated with the Social Responsiveness Scale scores of autism spectrum disorder. Together, our findings indicate that changes in the white-matter functional networks are associated behavioral deficits in autism spectrum disorder.
The observation of below-the-knee artery by optical frequency domain image and angioscopy: a case series
Authors: Yamane Haruya , Ueda Yasunori , Ikeoka Kuniyasu , Kosugi Shumpei , Abe Haruhiko , Mishima Tsuyoshi , Inoue Koichi , Matsumura Yasushi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Endovascular treatment (EVT) is a well-established treatment for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischaemia, and below-the-knee (BTK) artery is its main target, although the re-intervention rate is still high. Understanding of the characteristics of BTK artery atherosclerosis would be required to overcome this issue. In this case series, we elucidated the characteristics of non-stenotic BTK artery atherosclerosis in the patients who received EVT of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) using optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) and angioscopy.

Case summary
We presented five patients who underwent EVT of SFA and subsequent observation of ipsilateral BTK artery using OFDI and angioscopy. Patients one and two had advanced atherosclerosis; however, patients three, four, and five had only mild atherosclerosis.

Discussion
All patients had multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis and stenosis/occlusion of the SFA and ipsilateral BTK arteries. Furthermore, some patients had several other atherosclerotic vascular diseases suggesting the presence of advanced systemic atherosclerosis. On the other hand, some patients with multiple BTK artery stenosis/occlusion did not have advanced atherosclerosis in the examined BTK artery. The absence of significant atherosclerosis in a BTK artery in patients with multiple stenoses or occlusion in other ipsilateral BTK arteries may suggest some mechanism of vessel occlusion other than atherosclerosis. Further investigations are needed to clarify the mechanism.