bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delays in seeking treatment for fever in children under five years of age in Nigeria: Evidence from the National Demographic Health Survey
Authors: Anyasodor Anayochukwu E. , Ahmed Kedir Y. , Osuagwu Uchechukwu L. , Mgbemena Nnamdi C. , Kalinna Bernd H. , Thapa Subash , Mahmood Shakeel , Ross Allen G. 
Published: December 2023

Background
In countries with high child mortality rates, such as Nigeria, early intervention for common childhood illnesses (e.g., pneumonia and malaria) is essential for improving clinical outcomes. The timely reporting and treatment of fever is therefore critical in making a differential diagnosis and choosing an appropriate course of treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and major risk factors associated with delays in seeking treatment for fever in children under five years of age in Nigeria.

Methods
This study used a total weighted sample of 7,466 children under five years of age from the 2018 National Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey. Multivariable binary logistic regression modelling was used to investigate the association between predisposing, enabling, need, health service and community level factors, and delay in treatment-seeking for fever.

Results
We report the delays in seeking treatment for childhood fever that was reported by mothers in the last two weeks prior to the national survey. The prevalence for delayed treatment was 62.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 60.1%, 64.1%). Our findings showed that there were fewer delays in seeking treatment in children aged 24–59 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.93), among mothers who were formally employed (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.96), regularly attended antenatal services (aOR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.66, 0.88), and for those who resided in wealthier households (aOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.89). Children whose mothers resided in the North-West geopolitical zone of Nigeria were less likely to delay seeking treatment for fever (aOR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.73). However, mothers who had an unwanted pregnancy had a higher odds of delaying treatment for childhood fever (aOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.39).

Conclusion
There were significant delays in seeking treatment for childhood fever in poorer homes found in geopolitically unstable zones of Nigeria. Mothers who were poor, unemployed, and with younger children (<12 months) often delayed seeking treatment for their febrile child. Future health promotion strategies and microenterprise schemes should target both rural and urban mothers residing in poor households. Children under 12 months of age should be a priority.
Indices for measurement of sustainable diets: A scoping review
Authors: Neta Rosa Sá de Oliveira , Lima Severina Carla Vieira Cunha , Nascimento Lorena Lima do , Souza Camila Valdejane Silva de , Lyra Clélia de Oliveira , Marchioni Dirce Maria Lobo , Oliveira Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
The current food system is associated with negative impacts on health, food insecurity and environmental harm. Sustainable diets have attracted increasing interest and novel proposals with a global scope have emerged. This scoping review aims to give an overview of the analysis of all the available evidence related to the sustainable diet indices that have been developed based on the EAT-Lancet Commission.

Methods
Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct databases. This review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The target population were studies addressed the use of an index or metric for assessing sustainable diets based on the EAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report were included. PCC acronym was used in the design of the study to describe eligibility criteria: P (Population)—Indexes; C (Concept)—Sustainable diets; C (Context)—Knowledge on the structure and applicability of measurement indices of sustainable diets based on EAT-Lancet recommendations available in the literature. Study eligibility criteria were restricted to papers published in English, from January 2019 through October 2022, with no population restriction.

Results
A total of 1,458 papers were retrieved, 14 of which were included in the review. Seven measures of sustainable diets were identified as follow: EAT-Lancet diet score (ELD-I), New EAT-Lancet diet score (EAT), Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), Sustainable Diet Index (SDI), Sustainable-HEalthy-Diet (SHED), novel Nutrient-Based EAT index (NB-EAT) and World Index for Sustainability and Health (WISH). Most studies were conducted in developed countries, where greater adherence to this type of diet was found. Estimated greenhouse gas emissions was the most reported indicator of sustainability, followed by diet quality and the benefits of sustainable diets with regards to health outcomes.

Discussion
We identified barriers that hinder progress towards sustainable diets, including the difficulty of comparing different indices and the tendency to neglect social aspects and the lack of common definitions and metrics. Despite being challenge, we highlight the importance of using indices that assess sustainable diets that harmonize various indicators, as recommended by the EAT-Lancet Commission, in order to promote positive changes towards a more sustainable future.
The relationship between sleep, gut microbiota, and metabolome in patients with depression and anxiety: A secondary analysis of the observational study
Authors: Tanaka Arisa , Sanada Kenji , Miyaho Katsuma , Tachibana Tomoyuki , Kurokawa Shunya , Ishii Chiharu , Noda Yoshihiro , Nakajima Shinichiro , Fukuda Shinji , Mimura Masaru , Kishimoto Taishiro , Iwanami Akira 
Published: December 2023

Background
Growing attention is paid to the association between alterations in the gut microbiota and their metabolites in patients with psychiatric disorders. Our study aimed to determine how gut microbiota and metabolomes are related to the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders by analyzing the datasets of our previous study.

Methods
Samples were collected from 40 patients (depression: 32 patients [80.0%]); anxiety disorders: 8 patients [20.0%]) in this study. Gut microbiomes were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gut metabolomes were analyzed by a mass spectrometry approach. Based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), patients were categorized into two groups: the insomnia group (PSQI score ≥ 9, n = 20) and the non-insomnia group (PSQI score < 9, n = 20).

Results
The insomnia group showed a lower alpha diversity in the Chao1 and Shannon indices than the non-insomnia group after the false discovery rate (FDR) correction. The relative abundance of genus Bacteroides showed a positive correlation with PSQI scores in the non-insomnia group. The concentrations of glucosamine and N-methylglutamate were significantly higher in the insomnia group than in the non-insomnia group.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that specific taxa could affect the sleep quality among patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of sleep on specific gut microbiota and metabolomes in depression and anxiety disorders.
Characterization of Myocardial Injury With High-Sensitivity Troponin
Authors: Kumar Sant , Griffith Nayrana , Walter Dylan , Swett Michael , Raman Venkatesh , Vargas Jose D. , Deb Brototo , Chou Jiling , Arafat Ayah , Srichai Monvadi B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
High-sensitivity troponin I, cardiac form (hs-cTnI) accelerates the assessment of acute coronary syndrome. Little has been documented about its performance, how it relates to different types of myocardial injury, and its impact on morbidity and mortality. This study sought to expand understanding of hs-cTnI by characterizing types of myocardial injury, the impact of comorbidities, and 30-day outcomes.

Methods:
The study retrospectively evaluated 1,975 patients with hs-cTnI levels obtained in the emergency department or inpatient setting from June to September 2020. Troponin was considered elevated if it was higher than the 99th percentile for either sex. Charts were reviewed to determine the presence of myocardial injury. Troponin elevation was adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and kidney dysfunction. Thirty-day mortality and readmission rates were calculated.

Results:
Of 1,975 patients, 468 (24%) had elevated hs-cTnI, and 330 (17%) had at least 1 type of myocardial injury, type 2 myocardial infarction being the most frequent. Sensitivity and specificity using the 99th percentile as a cutoff were 99% and 92%, respectively. The average maximum hs-cTnI level was significantly higher for type 1 myocardial infarction (P < .001). Being male, Black, non-Hispanic, and a hospital inpatient were all associated with higher initial and peak hs-cTnI levels (P < .001). Elevated hs-cTnI level, age, heart disease, kidney dysfunction, and inpatient status were predictive of 30-day mortality on multivariate analysis.

Conclusion:
Elevated hs-cTnI levels in emergency department and inpatient settings occurs most commonly because of type 2 myocardial infarction. Maximum hs-cTnI level is associated with the patient's particular type of myocardial injury, certain demographics, and cardiovascular comorbidities, and it may be a predictor of 30-day outcomes.
Представления о чужих и своих в сказках восточных славян (на материале фольклора Дальнего Востока России ХХ в.)
Authors: Краюшкина Татьяна Владимировна 
Published: December 2023

Аннотация
В статье выявляются представления о чужих и своих, реализованные в сказочном фольклоре восточных славян. В качестве материала исследования послужили сказки о животных, волшебные, легендарные и бытовые сказки, записанные от русских, украинцев и белорусов Дальнего Востока России в ХХ в. В результате исследования были вычленены многочисленные модели взаимодействия с чужими, ситуации, которые возникают между чужими и своими. Сделаны выводы о том, что сказка транслирует опасность чужого для своих: человека, семьи, населенного пункта, царства. Хотя изредка встречаются и сюжеты, в которых чужой не представляет опасности. В сказке не только обозначены ситуации, которые могут возникнуть при взаимодействии с чужим, но и пути их положительного (и только положительного) для своего решения, при этом в каждой ситуации в зависимости от возраста, гендерной принадлежности и семейного статуса персонажей четко прописаны модели поведения каждой из сторон. Сказочный фольклор представляет различные модели взаимодействия с чужими как защитный механизм, единственно верный способ сохранения своего: людей, семьи, территории, миропорядка.
Emotion and Ageing in Discourse: Do Older People Express More Positive Emotions?
Authors: Li Jialei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Several psychological lab studies have shown that older people feel more positive emotions than younger people. So far, however, there has been little research on whether older people also express more positive emotions in their discourse. This paper reports the findings of sentiment analysis from the Spoken British National Corpus 2014 (Spoken BNC2014) across 10 age groups, with details on eight emotions (anticipation, joy, surprise, trust, anger, disgust, sadness, and fear), followed by structural topic modelling to reveal the thematic concerns of different age groups. This research generally supports earlier psychological lab studies that the older generation’s discourse is more positive than that of the younger generation; however, the findings also show that positive and negative emotions fluctuate over the life span, with pronounced dips in overall positivity in the 20s, 40s, and 60s. Subsequent structural topic modelling explains why people are more positive or negative at certain ages.
A Corpus-Assisted Comparative Study of Chinese and Western CEO Statements in Annual Reports: Discourse-Historical Approach
Authors: Zhuang Qun-ying , Li Xin-ting , Li Xu-qi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study presents a corpus-assisted comparison of Chinese and Western chief executive officer statements in annual reports. Using two self-built corpora of 15 statements from 2017 to 2021 annual reports in three Chinese listed pharmaceutical companies, representative of Chinese companies, and 15 statements from 2017 to 2021 annual reports in one American multinational, one British multinational and one Australian listed corporation in the same industry, representative of Western companies, this study employs the Discourse-Historical Approach of Critical Discourse Studies and the corpus linguistic analysis tool Wmatrix5 to investigate linguistic means, discursive strategies and semantic domains of the two corpora. The study results show that Chinese CEOs tend to present an objective, authoritative and thriving “out-group” identity with strong awareness of environmental protection while Western CEOs tend to project an affiliative, inclusive and well-established “in-group” identity with leading industrial status and a global mindset. This study is of significance in understanding cross-cultural differences in projecting corporate identities through CEO statements in annual reports.
Myoinositol or D-chiro-inositol for PCOS symptoms in adolescents: a narrative review
Authors: Sairally Bibi Zeyah Fatemah , Dhillon-Smith Rima K. , Jethwani Geetu , Latthe Pallavi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treatment in adolescents currently focuses on lifestyle interventions, with pharmacological treatment options often limited to hormonal contraceptives. Several of these carry broad side-effect profiles and are not always accepted by young girls. There is growing interest in non-hormonal therapies for PCOS. We aimed to collate the evidence on the use of myoinositol or D-chiro-inositol in the improvement of PCOS symptoms in symptomatic adolescents.

Content
A systematic literature review identifying key articles from inception to March 2023. Participants: Female adolescents (aged 12–19 years) with PCOS or PCOS-like features. Intervention: Myoinositol or D-chiro-inositol with or without additional interventions. Comparison: Any other treatment, including lifestyle interventions, hormonal therapy, metformin or no treatment. The main outcome measure were improvement in symptoms, quality of life and adverse effects.

Summary
Eight studies were included: two randomised open-label trials, one quasi-randomised and three non-randomised interventional studies, one case-control study and one cohort study. All studies showed improvements in some biochemical markers, metabolic parameters or clinical symptoms, but these were not reproducible across all studies.

Outlook
The benefit of myoinositol in adolescents with PCOS remains unclear, with limited high-quality evidence. This review highlights the need for robustly conducted research to inform clinical practice.
Inanimate antecedents of the Japanese reflexive zibun: experimental and corpus evidence
Authors: Sperlich Darcy , Kogusuri Tetsuya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This research sets out to challenge a conventional wisdom in Japanese linguistics, that the reflexive pronoun zibun is unable to take an inanimate antecedent. Through careful presentation of the data, including corpus sources, it is unequivocally demonstrated that the reflexive use of zibun can indeed overcome the animacy constraint and be anteceded by an inanimate antecedent, without any personification present. This has specific theoretical consequences in the sense of providing a theoretical simplification behind reflexivity modeling in Japanese. This is followed by a psycholinguistic experiment investigating how native Japanese speakers judge and process sentences with inanimate zibun. The key factors tested are the animacy of the antecedent, and also if the type of sentence, episodic versus generic, will affect the acceptability of inanimate zibun. Results from the experiment show that native speakers indeed do find inanimate zibun acceptable, and appear to process it slightly slower than the animate counterpart. The episodic versus generic distinction does not play a role in either the judgment or processing. Combining the corpus and experimental data anchors the phenomenon firmly. Finally, our attention turns to how to account for inanimate zibun theoretically, where we draw information from how zibun can already take inanimate antecedents if they are construed as agentive, or if zibun is used as an adverbial reflexive, showing that in fact, inanimate zibun does not require additional theoretical treatment – leading to a reformulation of Kuno’s animacy constraint.
The Ugly Duckling: Understanding the Making of an Early Copper Age Atypical Ceramic Vessel from the Great Hungarian Plain
Authors: Solnay Eszter , Kreiter Attila , Szilágyi Márton 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present study focuses on an Early Copper Age (4500–4000/3900 cal BC) atypical ceramic bowl from Tiszagyenda-Vágott-halom (Eastern Hungary). At first glance, the bowl was strikingly different from the other well-executed, often richly decorated bowls known from the site. Although such vessels can be found sporadically in other Early Copper Age sites, they have never been studied to see exactly how they differ from typical pottery. The aim of the present study is to understand the ideas, intentions, decisions, knowledge, and skills of the potter who made this vessel by reconstructing the chaîne opératoire of the making of the bowl. Technological and stylistic analyses suggest that the atypical pot was probably made by a beginner potter. The stylistic elements (form and decoration) are common in the pottery repertoire of the site and are not considered exceptional, apart from the quality of the execution. The deviation from the usual pottery-making techniques, however, suggests that the potter had probably not acquired all the pottery-making traditions of the community.
Strategies for Promoting Open Access Resources in Academic Institutions
Authors: Monirul Muhammad , Shafkat Ahmed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Because Open Access is such an essential component in the method of fostering the development of scientific research and progress, a great number of academics are fixated on this issue. When it comes to the process of building a complete library collection for academic institutions, the incorporation of Open Access materials presents the opportunity for the process to be sped up, which is a positive development. This study seeks to identify how professionals and users perceive Open Access resources (OARs), identify any obstacles that professionals may have while incorporating OARs into their libraries, and provide a set of tactics to eliminate these obstacles. A study of six Bangladeshi academic institutions with 454 participants was conducted, with the current study quite promising for any library intending to implement or advocate for OARs in their systems.
Barakat syndrome diagnosed decades after initial presentation
Authors: Spennato Umberto , Siegwart Jennifer , Hartmann Britta , Fischer Elisabeth Julia , Bracco Cecilia , Capraro Joel , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp , Jehle Andreas Werner , Struja Tristan 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Barakat syndrome, also called HDR syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder encompassing hypoparathyroidism (H), sensorineural deafness (D) and renal disease (R). A 64-year-old woman was referred to our endocrinology clinic for a switch in treatment (from dihydrotachysterol to calcitriol). She had progressive sensorineural deafness since the age of 18 and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism diagnosed at age of 36. Her medical history included osteoporosis with hip/spine fractures, nephrolithiasis and a family history of hearing loss, osteoporosis and kidney disease. The patient’s clinical presentation indicated Barakat syndrome. Genetic analysis found a GATA3:c.916C>T nonsense variant. Further tests such as audiometry, labs and renal imaging supported the diagnosis. Due to rarity and manifold symptoms, diagnosis can be challenging. Optional GATA3 testing was suggested in 2018, except in cases of isolated sensorineural deafness or renal disease with pertinent family history. In isolated ‘H’ cases without ‘D’ and ‘R’, GATA3 studies are not required, as no haploinsufficiency cases were reported. Given the rise in genetic disorders, physicians should consistently consider rare genetic disorders in patients with suggestive symptoms, even decades after onset. Although diagnosis might not always impact management directly, it aids patients in accepting their condition and has broader family implications.

Learning points

There is currently an important increase in genetic and clinical characterization of new orphan diseases and their causative agents.

Unbiased re-evaluation for possible genetic disorders is necessary at every consultation.

It is essential to recognize the differential diagnosis of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.

The patient’s clinical presentation and family history can be important to establish the correct diagnosis.

Physicians should not hesitate to search a patient’s signs and symptoms online.
Dexmedetomidine During Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Multicenter Quality Initiative
Authors: Elliott Megan , Fairchild Karen , Zanelli Santina , McPherson Christopher , Vesoulis Zachary 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES
Sedation is typically used during neonatal therapeutic hypothermia (TH). This report describes a quality improvement (QI) initiative with the aim of decreasing opioid exposure during TH by implementing dexmedetomidine as the primary sedative agent.

METHODS
This dual-center QI initiative used a multidisciplinary team to create a sedation algorithm for safe implementation of dexmedetomidine as first-line therapy during TH. The primary measure in this initiative was cumulative opioid exposure during TH; balancing measures included safety parameters, primarily the rate of dexmedetomidine discontinuation because of bradycardia. Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected retrospectively for the period before implementation and prospectively during the QI period. Data were analyzed using statistical process control charts to identify change over time.

RESULTS
One-hundred and fifty-four neonates in the 2-year pre-QI period were compared with 135 neonates in the 2 years after guideline implementation. Guideline compliance with dexmedetomidine initiation was 99% and compliance with initial dosing increased from 70% to 91% during the QI period. The cumulative dose of opioid during TH decreased by &gt;90% by the end of the QI period. Dexmedetomidine was discontinued for transient bradycardia in 9.6% of the study population. No other adverse effects were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Dexmedetomidine may be used as the primary sedative during neonatal TH with a low incidence of adverse effects. Clinical trials evaluating the impact of sedation during TH on neurologic outcomes are needed.
Thermogravimetric study of metal–organic precursors and their suitability for hybrid molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Fazlioglu-Yalcin Benazir , Hilse Maria , Engel-Herbert Roman 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough metal–organic (MO) precursors are widely used in technologically relevant deposition techniques, reports on their temperature-dependent evaporation and decomposition behaviors are scarce. Here, MO precursors of the metals Ti, V, Al, Hf, Zr, Ge, Ta, and Pt were subjected to thermogravimetric analysis to experimentally determine their vapor pressure curves and to gain insight into their temperature-dependent decomposition kinetics. Benzoic acid was used as a calibration standard and vapor pressure curves were extracted from thermogravimetric measurements using the Langmuir equation. The obtained data is used to discuss the suitability of these MO precursors in chemical vapor deposition-based thin film growth approaches in general, and hybrid molecular beam epitaxy in particular. All MOs, except for Ta- and one Ti-based MOs, were deemed suitable for gas inlet systems. The Ta-based MO demonstrated suitability for an effusion cell, while all MOs showed compatibility with cracker usage.
Graphical Abstract