bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of proteins regulated by interferon‐α in resistant and sensitive malignant melanoma cell lines
Authors: Craven Rachel A. , Stanley Anthea J. , Hanrahan Sarah , Totty Nick , Jackson David P. , Popescu Razvan , Taylor Allen , Frey Jürgen , Selby Peter J. , Patel Poulam M. , Banks Rosamonde E. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractTreatment of patients with malignant melanoma with interferon‐α achieves a response in a small but significant subset of patients. Currently, although much is known about interferon biology, little is known about either the particular mechanisms of interferon‐α activity that are crucial for response or why only some patients respond to interferon‐α therapy. Two melanoma cell lines (MeWo and MM418) that are known to differ in their response to the antiproliferative activity of interferon‐α, have been used as a model system to investigate interferon‐α action. Using a proteomics approach based on two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, several proteins induced in response to interferon‐α have been identified. These include a number of gene products previously known to be type I interferon responsive (tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase, leucine aminopeptidase, ubiquitin cross‐reactive protein, gelsolin, FUSE binding protein 2 and hPNPase) as well as a number of proteins not previously reported to be induced by type I interferon (cathepsin B, proteasomal activator 28α and α‐SNAP). Although the proteins upregulated by interferon‐α were common between the cell lines when examined at the level of Western blotting, the disparity in the basal level of cathepsin B was striking, raising the possibility that the higher level in MM418 may contribute to the sensitivity of this cell line to interferon‐α treatment.
Comparative proteome analysis of differentially expressed proteins induced by K+ deficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kang Jeong Gu , Pyo Young Jae , Cho Jin Won , Cho Myeon Haeng 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMineral nutrient deficiencies constitute major limitations for plant growth on agricultural soils around the world. To identify genes that possibly play roles in plant K+ nutrition, we employed the comparative proteome analysis for proteins isolated from Arabidopsis seedlings treated with K+ deficiency for 3 h and 7 d. We identified genes including those encoding putative transcription factors, protein kinases, and phosphatases, proteins involved in phytohormone biosynthesis or signaling, proteins involved in carbon and energy metabolism, and other proteins possibly involved in signal transduction pathway such as 14‐3‐3 proteins and small G‐protein. Our results suggest that those proteins may play roles in signal transduction pathways linking changes in extracellular K+ status to alterations in gene expression facilitating K+ homeostasis. These results yield a comprehensive picture of the post‐transcriptional response for deprivation of K+ and serve as a basic platform for further characterization of gene function and regulation in plant mineral nutrition.
A simple pattern classification method for alcohol‐responsive proteins that are differentially expressed in mouse brain
Authors: Park Bokyung , Jeong Seul‐Ki , Lee Won‐Suk , Seong Je Kyung , Paik Young‐Ki 
Published: September 2004

AbstractProteomic analysis of brain tissues obtained from two inbred mice, C57BL/6J (B6, an alcohol‐preferring strain) and DBA/2J (D2, an alcohol‐avoiding strain), that were orally administered 1.5 g/kg ethanol, was performed to investigate alcohol‐responsive proteins. To analyze relationships of alcohol‐responsive protein spots between B6 and D2 mice, we have developed a simple spot classification method (SCM) for the fully matched spot data sets produced by the Melanie 4 analysis software using the paired two‐dimensional (2‐D) gels of two strains over time. By applying SCM, 55 protein spots that were differentially expressed in brain tissue were classified into 16 patterns as mirror images (2×8 patterns), and additionally in an ordered fashion such as ‘fast turn over’ and ‘slow turn over’ forms, depending on the frequency of repetition and rate of changed expression profile in 2‐D gels over time. Searching for any interaction proteins through databases of interacting proteins using the classified data set has led to the construction of a linkage map, which reveals the interrelationship of the alcohol‐responsive proteins between different species. Thus, it is suggested that the different responses for alcohol between B6 and D2 may come from differences of the response rates and interactions of different variants of the alcohol‐responsive protein family.
Differential expression profiling of the proteomes and their mRNAs in porcine white and red skeletal muscles
Authors: Kim Nam‐Kuk , Joh Joong‐Ho , Park Hye‐Ran , Kim Oun‐Hyun , Park Beom‐Young , Lee Chang‐Soo 
Published: September 2004

AbstractSkeletal muscle is an heterogeneous tissue with various biochemical and physical properties of several fiber types. In this study, we carried out the comparative study of protein expression patterns in white and red muscles using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2‐DE). From more than 500 protein spots detected on each 2‐DE gel, we screened five proteins that were differentially expressed between white and red muscles. Using peptide mass fingerprint and tandem mass spectrometry analysis these proteins were identified as myoglobin, two slow‐twitch isoforms of myosin light chain and two small heat shock proteins (HSP20 and HSP27). The protein levels of myoglobin, myosin light chain and HSP20 were higher in red muscle, whereas HSP27 was higher in white muscle. In addition, genes of the identified proteins were cloned and their mRNAs were examined. Positive correlations between protein content and their mRNA levels were observed in white and red muscle. These results may provide us with valuable information to understand the different expression profiling between white and red muscle at the protein level.
Regiocontrolled synthesis of poly(3‐alkylthiophene)s by Grignard metathesis
Authors: Mao Yuxia , Wang Yu , Lucht Brett L. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractPoly(3‐octadecylthiophene)s (P3OTs) were prepared via Grignard metathesis polymerization of 2,5‐dibromo‐3‐octadecylthiophene in the presence of palladium and nickel catalysts. The effect of catalyst structure and reaction temperature on the regioregularity of P3OTs was investigated. Nickel catalysts provided P3OTs with higher regioregularity, while palladium catalysts gave lower regioregularity. Surprisingly, the regioregularity of P3OTs increased when the polymerization was conducted at higher temperature. The catalyst and temperature dependence of the regioregularity is consistent with two competing mechanisms. Polymerizations at higher temperature with nickel catalysts occur primarily via chain‐growth reactions, while polymerizations at lower temperature with palladium catalysts have competing step‐growth and chain growth reactions. P3OTs with higher regioregularity have longer wavelength visible absorptions, while P3OTs with lower regioregularity have shorter wavelength absorptions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5538–5547, 2004
Kinetic analysis of styrene atom transfer radical polymerization: Extraction of radical‐radical termination rate coefficients
Authors: Shipp Devon A. , Yu Xiang 
Published: September 2004

AbstractKinetic studies of the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene are reported, with the particular aim of determining radical‐radical termination rate coefficients (<kt>). The reactions are analyzed using the persistent radical effect (PRE) model. Using this model, average radical‐radical termination rate coefficients are evaluated. Under appropriate ATRP catalyst concentrations, <kt> values of approximately 2 × 108 L mol−1 s−1 at 110 °C in 50 vol % anisole were determined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5548–5558, 2004
Synthesis and thermal crosslinking of benzophenone‐modified poly(dimethylsiloxane)s
Authors: Mabry Joseph M. , Weber William P. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractDihydridocarbonyltris(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium catalyzes the regiospecific anti‐Markovnikov addition of an ortho CH bond of benzophenone across the CC double bonds of α,ω‐bis(trimethylsilyloxy)copoly(dimethylsiloxane/vinylmethylsiloxane) (99:1), α,ω‐bis(vinyldimethylsilyloxy)poly(dimethylsiloxane), and 1,3‐divinyltetramethyldisiloxane to yield α,ω‐bis(trimethylsilyloxy)copoly[dimethylsiloxane/2‐(2′‐benzophenonyl)ethylmethylsiloxane]), α,ω‐bis[2‐(2′‐benzophenonyl)ethyldimethylsilyloxy]poly(dimethylsiloxane), and 1,3‐bis[2‐(2′‐benzophenonyl)ethyl]tetramethyldisiloxane, respectively. These materials have been characterized with 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR and IR spectroscopy. Their molecular weight distributions have been determined by gel permeation chromatography. The thermal stability of the polymers has been measured by thermogravimetric analysis, and their glass‐transition temperatures (Tg's) have been determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The molecular weight distribution, thermal stability, and Tg's of the modified polysiloxanes are similar to those of the precursor polymers. The molecular weights of these materials can be significantly increased via heating to 300 °C for 1 h. This may be due to crosslinking, by pyrocondensation, of pendant anthracene groups, which are produced by the pyrolysis of the attached ortho‐alkyl benzophenones. UV spectroscopy of the pyrolysate of 1,3‐bis[2‐(2′‐benzophenonyl)ethyl]tetramethyldisiloxane has confirmed the presence of pendant anthracene groups. Thermal crosslinking by the pyrocondensation of pendant anthracene groups has been verified by the pyrolysis of α,ω‐bis(trimethylsilyloxy)copoly[dimethylsiloxane/2‐(9′‐anthracenyl)ethylmethylsiloxane] (97:3). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5514–5522, 2004
Synthesis and thermal and spectroscopic properties of macrocyclic vinyl aromatic polymers
Authors: Chen Rong , Nossarev Gennadi G. , Hogen‐Esch Thieo E. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractWell‐defined and narrow molecular weight distribution macrocyclic poly(2‐vinylnaphthalene) (P2VN) and poly(2‐vinyl‐9,9‐dimethylfluorene) (PDMVF) containing a single 1,4‐benzylidene or 9,10‐anthracenylidene unit have been synthesized via the potassium naphthalide initiated polymerization of the monomers followed by the end‐to‐end coupling of the resulting P2VN dianions under high‐dilution conditions with 1,4‐bis(bromomethyl)benzene or 9,10‐bis(chloromethyl)anthracene. Molecular characterization has been carried out by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The thermal properties show distinct differences between the cyclic and matching linear polymers, with the macrocycles showing much higher glass‐transition and decomposition temperatures. The absorption bands are both hyperchromic and hypochromic with respect to the model aromatic compounds, and this is consistent with intensity borrowing. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5488–5503, 2004
Reaction‐induced phase separation in epoxy/polysulfone/poly(ether imide) systems. II. Generated morphologies
Authors: Giannotti M. I. , Mondragon I. , Galante M. J. , Oyanguren P. A. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractEpoxy–aromatic diamine formulations are simultaneously modified with two immiscible thermoplastics (TPs), poly(ether imide) (PEI) and polysulfone (PSF), in concentrations ranging from 5 to 15 wt %. The epoxy monomer is based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and the aromatic diamines (ADs) are either 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) or 4,4′‐methylenebis(3‐chloro 2,6‐diethylaniline) (MCDEA). Using phase diagrams developed in Part I of this series, thermal cycles are selected to generate different morphologies. It is found that, whatever the AD employed, a particulate morphology is obtained when curing blends that are initially homogeneous. In the case of DDS‐cured blends, a unimodal particle size distribution of PSF and PEI dispersed in a continuous epoxy‐rich phase is observed. By contrast, the MCDEA‐cured blends show a bimodal particle size distribution for all PSF/PEI relations that are analyzed. A completely different morphology, characterized by a distribution of irregular TP‐rich domains dispersed in an epoxy‐rich phase (double phase morphology), is obtained when curing blends that are initially immiscible. An X‐ray analysis of the different phases makes it possible to determine their qualitative composition. The dynamic mechanical behavior of fully cured blends is also discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3964–3975, 2004
Fully exfoliated layered silicate epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Chen Chenggang , Tolle Tia Benson 
Published: September 2004

AbstractFully exfoliated layered silicate epoxy nanocomposites are reported in this article. The processing route that resulted in these fully exfoliated layered silicate epoxies is based on a combination of high‐shear mixing in the presence of acetone and ultrasonication. Homomogeneous and random dispersion of the individual silicate nanolayers in the epoxy is confirmed through transmission electron microscopy images spanning low to high magnification as well as by X‐ray diffraction. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3981–3986, 2004
Diffusion constants of polymers in mixed solvents
Authors: Negadi A. , Benmouna M. , Vilgis T.A. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractDynamics of polymers in mixed solvents are investigated on the basis of linear response theory and mean field arguments. Particular attention is given to the coupling between polymer and fluid fluctuations. This coupling is enhanced by polymer–solvent interaction asymmetry and mixed solvent incompatibility. Cooperative and fluid diffusion constants are analyzed in terms of the interactions in the medium and some predictions for light scattering experiments are made. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3976–3980, 2004
The role of age at the onset of cancer in relation to survivors' long‐term adjustment: A controlled comparison over an eight‐year period
Authors: Schroevers Maya J. , Ranchor Adelita V. , Sanderman Robbert 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe goal of the study was to explore the role of age in survivors' long‐term adjustment to cancer (n=155). Data, both quantitative and qualitative, was assessed at 3 months, 15 months, and 8 years after diagnosis. A reference group from the general population (n=120) was included to be able to distinguish the effects of cancer from those of aging. The findings showed that, in the first year after diagnosis, survivors' physical functioning (especially in those aged 45–65 years) was strongly affected by cancer. In the long term, their physical functioning was more affected by aging. Regarding psychological functioning, survivors younger than 65 years reported more depressive symptoms than similar‐aged references, but only at 3 months after diagnosis. In the long term, younger survivors reported more cancer‐related thoughts and a greater search for meaning in the cancer experience than older survivors. Overall, the findings provide an intriguing description of the complex and interwoven processes of age and aging in the process of adjustment to cancer. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fertility issues for young adult survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Zebrack Brad J. , Casillas Jacqueline , Nohr Lindsay , Adams Heidi , Zeltzer Lonnie K. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractBackground. The effects of cancer and its treatment on reproduction and fertility are well‐documented, yet knowledge of the psychosocial and behavioral ramifications of these outcomes for young adult survivors of childhood cancer is limited. As a qualitative exploratory study, this work identifies concerns, attitudes, and behaviors that may be associated with childhood cancer survivors' reproductive capacity.Procedure. As part of a semi‐structured interview assessing the impact of cancer on long‐term survivors' quality of life, a convenience sample of 32 childhood cancer survivors between the ages of 19–37 and at least five years beyond diagnosis were asked if they had physical limitations as a result of their cancer or treatment, and if having cancer has affected their ability to have children.Results. These data are organized around two major themes: (1) survivors' reproductive capacity and (2) their attitudes, experiences and concerns about children and parenting. Fifty‐nine percent of survivors reported that they are uncertain about their fertility status, and half recall a parent or health care provider ever mentioning potential reproductive problems associated with their past cancer treatment.Conclusions. While some survivors profess to know nothing about their risks for infertility, others possess and recall information that influences their personal relationships, their beliefs about having children, and possibly subsequent decisions and behaviors with regard to having children. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of binary combination of some plant‐derived molluscicides with MGK‐264 or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of the snail Lymnaea acuminata
Authors: Singh Priyamvada , Singh Vinay K , Singh Dinesh K 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe effects of sub‐lethal treatments (20 and 60% of 24‐h LC50) with plant‐derived molluscicides Annona squamosa, acetogenins, Argemone mexicana seed and protopine, in combination (1 + 5) with MGK‐264 (ENT 8184) or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of Lymnaea acuminata has been studied. The plant‐derived molluscicides and their active molluscicidal components, protopine and acetogenins, in combination with ENT 8184 or piperonyl butoxide caused a significant reduction in the fecundity, hatchability and survival of young snails. Combination of A squamosa seed powder with piperonyl butoxide was very effective as it caused a complete arrest of snail fecundity within 24 h of treatment. Removal of the snails to fresh water after the 96‐h treatments caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of L acuminata. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Movement and biological activity of drip‐applied 1,3‐dichloropropene and chloropicrin in raised mulched beds in the southeastern USA
Authors: Desaeger Johan AJ , Eger Joe E , Csinos Alex S , Gilreath James P , Olson Steve M , Webster Theodore M 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMovement and biological activity of 1,3‐dichloropropene (1,3‐D) and chloropicrin applied through drip irrigation in raised beds was investigated at three locations in the southeastern USA. Tests were conducted in fields with dense populations of nutsedge (Cyperus spp), with one location also having a high level of soil nematodes, both of which served as biological indicators of the distribution of effective concentrations of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin. Objectives were (1) to gain a better understanding of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin movement and the extent of biological activity outside of the wetted bed area, and (2) to examine the effect of application rate, application concentration and subsequent irrigation events on movement and activity of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin. InLine®, an emulsifiable concentrate containing 60.8% w/w 1,3‐D and 33.3% w/w chloropicrin, was injected into polyethylene mulched beds through the drip tubes and water movement in the beds was visualized by adding a blue dye to the injection system. Gas concentrations of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin in soil were measured using Gastec® detection tubes at different positions relative to the drip tube at 1–4 days after InLine application. After one week, mulch was removed and nutsedge survival evaluated at different positions in the bed. High concentrations of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin were measured at the bed center and midway between the bed center and the shoulder, but concentrations were low at the bed shoulder. Width of nutsedge control was significantly greater than width of water movement. Plant‐parasitic nematodes were controlled over the entire bed width, but nutsedge re‐emerged at the bed shoulders regardless of treatment. Higher application rates and concentrations of 1,3‐D + chloropicrin resulted in higher fumigant concentrations in soil air. Irrigations subsequent to application reduced soil air concentrations of 1,3‐D and chloropicrin and increased water movement, as did the use of two drip tubes instead of one. The data show that the pesticidal activity of 1,3‐D + chloropicrin extends beyond the waterfront and indicate a significant degree of fumigant activity of emulsifiable 1,3‐D + chloropicrin. However, unlike plant‐parasitic nematodes, nutsedge could not be controlled over the entire bed width, regardless of rate, concentration and volume of water applied. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation of atrazine and isoproturon in surface and sub‐surface soil materials undergoing different moisture and aeration conditions
Authors: Issa Salah , Wood Martin 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe influence of different moisture and aeration conditions on the degradation of atrazine and isoproturon was investigated in environmental samples aseptically collected from surface and sub‐surface zones of agricultural land. The materials were maintained at two moisture contents corresponding to just above field capacity or 90% of field capacity. Another two groups of samples were adjusted with water to above field capacity, and, at zero time, exposed to drying–rewetting cycles. Atrazine was more persistent (t1/2 = 22–35 days) than isoproturon (t1/2 = 5–17 days) in samples maintained at constant moisture conditions. The rate of degradation for both herbicides was higher in samples maintained at a moisture content of 90% of field capacity than in samples with higher moisture contents. The reduction in moisture content in samples undergoing desiccation from above field capacity to much lower than field capacity enhanced the degradation of isoproturon (t1/2 = 9–12 days) but reduced the rate of atrazine degradation (t1/2 = 23–35 days). This demonstrates the variability between different micro‐organisms in their susceptibility to desiccation. Under anaerobic conditions generated in anaerobic jars, atrazine degraded much more rapidly than isoproturon in materials taken from three soil profiles (0–250 cm depth). It is suggested that some specific micro‐organisms are able to survive and degrade herbicide under severe conditions of desiccation. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry