bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serologic immunogenicity and safety of herpes zoster subunit vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving Janus kinase inhibitors
Authors: Källmark Hanna , Bergström Tomas , Nagel Johanna , Gullstrand Birgitta , Einarsson Jon T , Bengtsson Anders A , Kapetanovic Meliha C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Patients with RA treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) are at increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ). The objective of this study was to investigate the serological immunogenicity and safety of the HZ subunit (HZ/su) vaccine in RA patients treated with JAKi, for which little is known.

Methods
RA patients treated with JAKi (n = 82) at the Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden, and healthy controls (n = 51) received two doses of the HZ/su vaccine (Shingrix). Vaccine-specific antibody responses were analysed using indirect ELISA. Post-vaccination antibody levels were compared between patients and controls using analysis of covariance. Potential predictors for vaccine response were investigated using a multivariable linear regression analysis. Self-reported adverse events (AEs) and changes in RA disease activity were analysed.

Results
Following vaccination, vaccine-specific antibody levels increased significantly in both patients and controls (P &lt; 0.0001). A total of 80.5% of patients and 98.0% of controls achieved a ≥4-fold increase in antibody levels. Post-vaccination antibody levels were lower in patients than controls [ratio 0.44 (95% CI 0.31, 0.63)] and lower in patients receiving JAKi + methotrexate than JAKi monotherapy [ratio 0.43 (95% CI 0.24, 0.79)]. AEs, mostly mild/moderate, were common. One patient developed HZ and six patients (6.5%) had increased RA disease activity following vaccination.

Conclusion
The HZ/su vaccine was serologically immunogenic in most RA patients treated with JAKi. Moreover, the vaccine had an acceptable safety profile. These results support recommendations for use of the HZ/su vaccine in this vulnerable population.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov), NCT03886038.
A decade of progress in juvenile idiopathic arthritis treatments and outcomes in Canada: results from ReACCh-Out and the CAPRI registry
Authors: Nguyen Kelly , Barsalou Julie , Basodan Daniah , Batthish Michelle , Benseler Susanne M , Berard Roberta A , Blanchette Nicholas , Boire Gilles , Bolaria Roxana , Bruns Alessandra , Cabral David A , Cameron Bonnie , Campillo Sarah , Cellucci Tania , Chan Mercedes , Chédeville Gaëlle , Chetaille Anne-Laure , Chhabra Amieleena , Couture Julie , Dancey Paul , De Bruycker Jean-Jacques , Demirkaya Erkan , Dhalla Muhammed , Duffy Ciarán M , Feldman Brian M , Feldman Debbie E , Gerschman Tommy , Haddad Elie , Heale Liane , Herrington Julie , Houghton Kristin , Huber Adam M , Human Andrea , Johnson Nicole , Jurencak Roman , Lang Bianca , Larché Maggie , Laxer Ronald M , LeBlanc Claire M , Lee Jennifer J Y , Levy Deborah M , Lim Lillian , Lim Lily S H , Luca Nadia , McGrath Tara , McMillan Tamara , Miettunen Paivi M , Morishita Kimberly A , Ng Hon Yan , Oen Kiem , Park Jonathan , Petty Ross E , Proulx-Gauthier Jean-Philippe , Ramsey Suzanne , Roth Johannes , Rosenberg Alan M , Rozenblyum Evelyn , Rumsey Dax G , Schmeling Heinrike , Schneider Rayfel , Scuccimarri Rosie , Shiff Natalie J , Silverman Earl , Soon Gordon , Spiegel Lynn , Stringer Elizabeth , Tam Herman , Tse Shirley M , Tucker Lori B , Turvey Stuart , Twilt Marinka , Duffy Karen Watanabe , Yeung Rae S M , Guzman Jaime 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To assess changes in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treatments and outcomes in Canada, comparing 2005–2010 and 2017–2021 inception cohorts.

Methods
Patients enrolled within three months of diagnosis in the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children Emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) and the Canadian Alliance of Pediatric Rheumatology Investigators Registry (CAPRI) cohorts were included. Cumulative incidences of drug starts and outcome attainment within 70 weeks of diagnosis were compared with Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and multivariable Cox regression.

Results
The 2005–2010 and 2017–2021 cohorts included 1128 and 721 patients, respectively. JIA category distribution and baseline clinical juvenile idiopathic arthritis disease activity (cJADAS10) scores at enrolment were comparable. By 70 weeks, 6% of patients (95% CI 5, 7) in the 2005–2010 and 26% (23, 30) in the 2017–2021 cohort had started a biologic DMARD (bDMARD), and 43% (40, 47) and 60% (56, 64) had started a conventional DMARD (cDMARD), respectively. Outcome attainment was 64% (61, 67) and 83% (80, 86) for inactive disease (Wallace criteria), 69% (66, 72) and 84% (81, 87) for minimally active disease (cJADAS10 criteria), 57% (54, 61) and 63% (59, 68) for pain control (&lt;1/10), and 52% (47, 56) and 54% (48, 60) for good health-related quality of life (≥9/10).

Conclusion
Although baseline disease characteristics were comparable in the 2005–2010 and 2017–2021 cohorts, cDMARD and bDMARD use increased with a concurrent increase in minimally active and inactive disease. Improvements in parent and patient-reported outcomes were smaller than improvements in disease activity.
Acute inhibition of AMPA receptors by perampanel reduces amyloid β‐protein levels by suppressing β‐cleavage of APP in Alzheimer's disease models
Authors: Ueda Sakiho , Kuzuya Akira , Kawata Masayoshi , Okawa Kohei , Honjo Chika , Wada Takafumi , Matsumoto Mizuki , Goto Kazuya , Miyamoto Masakazu , Yonezawa Atsushi , Tanabe Yasuto , Ikeda Akio , Kinoshita Ayae , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHippocampal hyperexcitability is a promising therapeutic target to prevent Aβ deposition in AD since enhanced neuronal activity promotes presynaptic Aβ production and release. This article highlights the potential application of perampanel (PER), an AMPA receptor (AMPAR) antagonist approved for partial seizures, as a therapeutic agent for AD. Using transgenic AD mice combined with in vivo brain microdialysis and primary neurons under oligomeric Aβ‐evoked neuronal hyperexcitability, the acute effects of PER on Aβ metabolism were investigated. A single oral administration of PER rapidly decreased ISF Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the hippocampus of J20, APP transgenic mice, without affecting the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio; 5 mg/kg PER resulted in declines of 20% and 31%, respectively. Moreover, PER‐treated J20 manifested a marked decrease in hippocampal APP βCTF levels with increased FL‐APP levels. Consistently, acute treatment of PER reduced sAPPβ levels, a direct byproduct of β‐cleavage of APP, released to the medium in primary neuronal cultures under oligomeric Aβ‐induced neuronal hyperexcitability. To further evaluate the effect of PER on ISF Aβ clearance, a γ‐secretase inhibitor was administered to J20 1 h after PER treatment. PER did not influence the elimination of ISF Aβ, indicating that the acute effect of PER is predominantly on Aβ production. In conclusion, acute treatment of PER reduces Aβ production by suppressing β‐cleavage of amyloid‐β precursor protein effectively, indicating a potential effect of PER against Aβ pathology in AD.
One-stage Reconstruction with the Composite Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Skin and Extensor Tendon Defects of the Thumb by Snakebite
Authors: Sơn Trần Thiết , Chiến Vũ Hồng , Nghĩa Phan Tuấn , Trọng Nguyễn Hữu , Nhật Phạm Kiến , Thúy Tạ Thị Hồng , Dung Phạm Thị Việt 
Published: October 2023

Summary:
Venomous snakebites can cause severe injury. The loss of tendon and skin of the hand is incredibly challenging for the surgeon. A single-staged reconstruction with the free composite anterolateral thigh flap is an acceptable option for a complex thumb injury. In this case, reconstruction for a 23-year-old patient with a complex cobra-induced thumb injury had failed to cover the defect with a skin graft. There was a limitation in choice, and the patient was treated with the free composite anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and fascia lata flap in one stage to reconstruct both the extensor tendon and the soft tissue coverage. The flap was well-vascularized, and no complications were reported. A single-stage reconstruction with a composite ALT flap with vascularized fascia was chosen as a suitable alternative. The result is satisfying both aesthetically and functionally. This technique can help shorten treatment time and restore function quickly, allowing patients to return to work in less time. The disadvantages of this technique are flap thickness, which can affect finger movement and aesthetics. The composite ALT flap with vascularized fascia lata shows that it is a reliable procedure for single-staged reconstruction, especially combined with the tendon preparation in the hand.
Comparison between visit-to-visit office and 24-h blood pressure variability in treated hypertensive patients
Authors: Mancia Giuseppe , Facchetti Rita , Quarti-Trevano Fosca , Dell’Oro Raffaella , Cuspidi Cesare , Grassi Guido 
Published: October 2023

Objectives:
In any treated hypertensive patient office blood pressure (BP) values may differ between visits and this variability (V) has an adverse prognostic impact. However, little information is available on visit-to-visit 24-h BPV.

Methods:
In 1114 hypertensives of the ELSA and PHYLLIS trials we compared visit-to-visit office and 24-h mean BPV by coefficient of variation (CV) of the mean systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP obtained from yearly measurements during a 3–4 year treatment period. Visit-to-visit BPV during daytime and night-time were also compared.

Results:
Twenty-four-hour SBP-CV was about 20% less than office SBP-CV (P < 0.0001). SBP-CV was considerably greater for the night-time than for the daytime period (20%, P < 0.0001). Results were similar for DBP and in males and females, older and younger patients, patients under different antihypertensive drugs or with different baseline or achieved BP values. In the group as a whole and in subgroups there was significant correlations between office and 24-h BP-CV but the correlation coefficients was weak, indicating that office SBP or DBP CV accounted for only about 1–4% of 24-h SBP or DBP-CV values.

Conclusion:
Twenty-four-hour mean BP across visits is more stable than across visit office BP. Visit-to-visit office and 24-h BPV are significantly related to each other, but correlation coefficients are low, making visit-to-visit office BP variations poorly predictive of the concomitant 24-h BP variations and thus of on-treatment ambulatory BP stability.
Association of serum uric acid levels with blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly populations
Authors: Sasaki Nobuo , Ueno Yoshitaka , Ozono Ryoji , Yoshimura Kenichi , Nakano Yukiko , Higashi Yukihito 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly populations.

Methods:
The cross-sectional analysis included 13 349 middle-aged and elderly general health checkup examinees without cardiovascular disease. The retrospective cohort analysis included 6659 normotensive participants (mean age: 64.6 years). Participants were divided into three groups based on their SBP/DBP levels: normal (<120/<80 mmHg), high normal (120–129/<80 mmHg), and elevated (130–139/80–89 mmHg), and were classified into three groups based on the results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test: normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes.

Results:
SUA levels were significantly associated with SBP and DBP in this cross-sectional study. Over a mean 6.5-year follow-up period, 2038 participants developed hypertension. According to the SUA quartiles, the incidence of hypertension increased [26.1% in quartile (Q1) (≤4.1 mg/dl), 28.6% in Q2 (4.2–4.9 mg/dl), 32.6% in Q3 (5.0–5.8 mg/dl), 34.9% in Q4 (≥5.9 mg/dl); P for trend <0.001]. In multivariable analyses, SUA levels were positively associated with hypertension incidence only in the normal BP group [Q4 vs. Q1 odds ratio (OR): 1.64, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.11–2.44; Q3 vs. Q1 OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.19–2.42] and in the normoglycemic group (Q4 vs. Q1 OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.02–1.76; Q3 vs. Q1 OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.07–1.74).

Conclusion:
In the middle-aged and elderly populations, normotensive or normoglycemic individuals with SUA levels at least 5 mg/dl may be potential targets for SUA management to prevent hypertension.
Dramatic Reduction in Corneal Transplants for Keratoconus 15 Years After the Introduction of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking
Authors: Hagem Anne Marie , Thorsrud Andreas , Sæthre Marit , Sandvik Gunhild , Kristianslund Olav , Drolsum Liv 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the implementation of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) on the frequency of corneal transplants among patients with keratoconus (KC) in the same region.

Methods:
Before the introduction of CXL in 2007, 55 primary corneal transplants had been conducted in patients with KC (2005 and 2006) at the Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway. We collected data from our corneal transplant registry for 2021 and 2022. The primary outcome was the number of corneal transplants performed in patients with KC. Age, sex, visual acuity (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution), KC stage according to the Amsler–Krumeich classification system, and steepest keratometry reading (maximum keratometry, Pentacam, HR) were recorded. Furthermore, we registered the annual number of CXL treatments conducted from 2007 to 2022.

Results:
A total of 352 corneal transplants were performed in 2021 and 2022. Among them, 11 (3.1%) were transplants for patients with KC. All included patients were male; further, 90.1% and 9.1% of the patients were graded stages 4 and 3, respectively. The mean maximum keratometry was 79.0 diopter (range 61.0–109). The mean best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) was 1.3 (range 0.2–3.0). In 2021 to 2022, 431 CXL treatments were performed.

Conclusions:
There was a significant decrease in the number of corneal transplants performed in patients with KC 15 years after the introduction of CXL. This indicates that the availability of CXL treatment over many years may considerably reduce the need for keratoplasties in this group of patients.
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccination in People Living with HIV: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Song Jin-Wen , Shen Lili , Wang Fu-Sheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in numerous confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Recent studies have shown that people living with HIV (PLWH) are prone to develop severe illness and poor outcomes if they experience coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially those with uncontrolled viremia and low CD4 T-cell count. Therefore, many countries prioritized PLWH for COVID-19 vaccination. However, lower magnitude or faster waning humoral immune responses elicited by other vaccines have been documented in PLWH, raising concerns regarding the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in these specific populations. Here, we summarize the current progress in the immunogenicity and efficacy of different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in PLWH and highlight several challenges faced by PLWH in the current COVID-19 pandemics.
Effect of Different Factors on the Quality of Life and Sequelae of COVID-19 Patients After Discharge
Authors: Guo Nan , Yao Ya-Ping , Song Le , Wang Guan-Zhen , He Jun-Li , Zheng Ning , Mo Qiong , Ni Wen-Xu , Zhang Bo , Wang Fu-Sheng , Huang Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The continued spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains an international public health emergency, resulting in a significant global disease burden. The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and the long-term prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after discharge remain unclear. We aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) and sequelae in patients with COVID-19 after discharge from the hospital by conducting multiple follow-up visits to understand the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 on patients' health and its possible influencing factors.

Methods
COVID-19 patients discharged from Huoshenshan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between February 15 and April 5, 2020, were followed up at 6, 9, and 12 months after discharge. They completed questionnaires on postdischarge QoL and sequelae under the guidance of medical staff with professional training. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A generalized estimating equation model was used to analyze the QoL-related factors. The χ
2 test (or Fisher exact test) and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the sequelae and influencing factors.

Results
A total of 175 patients participated in at least 1 follow-up visit, and 120 completed all 3 follow-up visits. Patients diagnosed with severe and critically ill COVID-19 had worse mental conditions (χ
2 = 7.653, P = 0.022) than those with the nonsevere type (not severe or critical) and were more likely to feel fatigued (χ
2 = 4.836, P = 0.028). Female patients had a higher risk of sleep disturbance (χ
2 = 10.026, P = 0.002) and dyspnea (χ
2 = 5.672, P = 0.017) and had more difficulty returning to their original work and life (χ
2 = 8.922, P = 0.003) than male patients. Patients with diabetes had a worse appetite (χ
2 = 4.669, P = 0.031) and were more prone to sleep disturbance (χ
2 = 4.417, P = 0.036) after discharge. The proportion of patients with at least 1 sequela increased from 29.76% (50/168) at 6 months to 51.11% (69/135) at 9 months (χ
2 = 14.305, P < 0.001). Compared with the nonsevere type, patients diagnosed with severe and critically ill COVID-19 had an odds ratio (OR) of 4.325 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.215–15.401) for memory decline. Female patients had an OR of 4.632 (95% CI, 1.716–12.501) for joint or muscle pain. Patients with hypertension had an OR of 3.014 (95% CI, 1.193–7.615) for joint or muscle pain.

Conclusion
One year after discharge, there were still some patients with varying degrees of decline in QoL and sequelae, which occurred in all follow-up visits. Moreover, QoL and sequelae after discharge were related to sex, clinical classification of COVID-19, and underlying diseases.
Lack of Correlation Between Segmental Trabecular Meshwork Pigmentation and Angiographically Determined Outflow in Ex Vivo Human Eyes
Authors: Strohmaier Clemens A. , Wanderer Daniel , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhang Hao F. , Strohmaier Susanne , Weinreb Robert N. , Huang Alex S. 
Published: October 2023

Précis:
Trabecular meshwork (TM) pigmentation is not correlated with angiographically determined aqueous humor outflow (AHO) in an ex vivo perfusion model using human eyes.

Purpose:
To evaluate whether segmental TM pigmentation is correlated to segmental AHO in human eyes.

Methods:
Postmortem human eyes were acquired, and anterior segments were dissected. TM pigmentation was photographed 360-degrees around the eye. The anterior segments were then mounted onto a perfusion apparatus and perfused with Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) until a stabile baseline outflow facility was achieved. Aqueous angiography (AHO angiography) was performed using fluorescein (2%), and segmental AHO was documented around the limbus using an angiographic camera (Spectralis HRA+OCT). Circumferential and nasal TM pigmentation were compared with respective angiographic outflow imaging using a Pearson correlation analysis.

Results:
Segmental TM pigment distribution and segmental AHO were seen. TM pigment was statistically greatest in the inferior quadrant. AHO angiographic outflow was numerically greatest in the nasal quadrant, but this was not statistically significant. No statistically significant correlation was observed (r=−0.083, P=0.06) between segmental TM pigmentation and segmental AHO angiographic signal. Analyzing just the nasal quadrant, a significant weak negative correlation was found (r=−0.296, P=0.001).

Discussion:
Segmental TM pigmentation circumferentially around the eye is not a good proxy for segmental AHO circumferentially around the eye and should not be used to guide trabecular minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries.
Human Rhinovirus as a Cause of Fever in Neonates and Young Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020–2022
Authors: Aizawa Yuta , Ikuse Tatsuki , Izumita Ryohei , Habuka Rie , Yamanaka Takayuki , Saitoh Akihiko 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Human rhinovirus (HRV) was predominant and persistent during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic despite nonpharmaceutical interventions. The data whether HRV persistence also occurred in neonates and young infants were very limited.

Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted in Niigata, Japan, between January 2020 and September 2022. The participants were hospitalized neonates and infants less than 4 months of age with fever. We excluded patients with evidence of bacterial infection or obvious sick contact with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus infection, as confirmed by rapid antigen detection tests. COVID-19 diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or rapid antigen detection tests were also excluded. Parechovirus and enterovirus were examined by PCR using serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. FilmArray Respiratory Panel v1.7 was conducted on nasopharyngeal swabs. If HRV was positive, the genotype was identified.

Results:
We included 72 patients (median age, 54 days; interquartile range, 28.5–79 days), and sepsis was diagnosed in 31 (43.1%) patients. In total, 27 (37.5%) patients had had positive multiplex PCR tests. These patients were more likely to have rhinorrhea (P = 0.004), cough (P = 0.01), and sick contact (P < 0.001) than those who with negative multiplex PCR. HRV was the most frequently detected virus (n = 23, 85.2%), and species A (n = 15, 71.4%) and C (n = 6, 28.6%) were genotyped. No seasonality or monthly predominance of the specific HRV types was observed.

Conclusions:
HRV was an important cause of fever in neonates and young infants during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020 to 2022.
Toward targeted treatments for silicosis
Authors: Barnes Hayley , Lam Maggie , Tate Michelle D. , Hoy Ryan 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
There has been a rapid increase in silicosis cases, particularly related to artificial stone. The key to management is avoidance of silica exposure. Despite this, many develop progressive disease and there are no routinely recommended treatments. This review provides a summary of the literature pertaining to pharmacological therapies for silicosis and examines the plausibility of success of such treatments given the disease pathogenesis.

Recent findings
In-vitro and in-vivo models demonstrate potential efficacy for drugs, which target inflammasomes, cytokines, effector cells, fibrosis, autophagy, and oxidation.

Summary
There is some evidence for potential therapeutic targets in silicosis but limited translation into human studies. Treatment of silicosis likely requires a multimodal approach, and there is considerable cross-talk between pathways; agents that modulate both inflammation, fibrosis, autophagy, and ROS production are likely to be most efficacious.