bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowered management for pelvic pain: The experiences of women with persistent pelvic pain participating in an online self-directed self-management program while they wait for interprofessional care
Authors: Burke Emeralda , Di Renna Tania , Mustafa Nida , Ginter Carleen , Carter Wendy , Corkery Celeste , Sheffe Sarah , Wilson Rosemary , Lemos Nucelio , Bosma Rachael 
Published: January 2024

Background: Persistent pelvic pain is pain sensed in or around the pelvis and is often associated with negative cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and emotional consequences. The lack of interprofessional persistent pelvic pain management programs that address the complex interplay of biopsychosocial factors result in lengthy wait times and negative health outcomes. Limited access to evidence informed self-management educational resources contributes to poor coping strategies. Evidence shows that self-management education and strategies support patients while they wait for care. However, very few studies explore the patient’s lived experience of participating in an online educational program designed for persistent pelvic pain. Objectives: This study aims to understand the experience of women with persistent pelvic pain participating in an online, self-management education program (“Pelvic Pain Empowered Management” program) while awaiting care at an interprofessional pelvic pain clinic. Design: A descriptive qualitative approach was used to explore the experiences of women participating in an online educational program designed for cis women with persistent pelvic pain. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 women, transcribed the data verbatim using NVivo software (NVivo 12, QSR International Pty Ltd.), and analyzed inductively using previously established methods. Results: We identified four main themes relevant to women’s experiences of the program: (1) the program shaped expectations around upcoming pelvic pain appointments, (2) the program content is relevant and resonates with people with lived experience of persistent pelvic pain, (3) the program enhanced understanding of persistent pelvic pain, and (4) the program empowered people with skills and strategies to better manage their persistent pelvic pain. Conclusion: Our findings highlight how self-directed online patient education can be leveraged while persistent pelvic pain patients wait for care to support them in setting expectations around care and in engaging in pain self-management.
Prophylactic tranexamic acid for reducing intraoperative blood loss during cesarean section in women at high risk of postpartum hemorrhage: A double-blind placebo randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ortuanya Kelvin E , Eleje George U , Ezugwu Frank O , Odugu Boniface U , Ikechebelu Joseph I , Ugwu Emmanuel O , Eke Ahizechukwu C , Awkadigwe Fredrick I , Ezenwaeze Malachy N , Ofor Ifeanyichukwu J , Okafor Chidinma C , Okafor Chigozie G 
Published: January 2024

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage remains a leading cause of maternal mortality especially in developing countries. The majority of previous trials on the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss were performed in low-risk women for postpartum hemorrhage. A recent Cochrane Systematic Review recommended that further research was needed to determine the effects of prophylactic tranexamic acid for preventing intraoperative blood loss in women at high risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing intraoperative blood loss when given prior to cesarean delivery in women at high risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Study design: The study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: The study consisted of 200 term pregnant women and high-risk preterm pregnancies scheduled for lower-segment cesarean delivery at Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Teaching Hospital, Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria. The participants were randomized into two arms (intravenous 1 g of tranexamic acid or placebo) in a ratio of 1:1. The participants received either 1 g of tranexamic acid or placebo (20 mL of normal saline) intravenously at least 10 min prior to commencement of the surgery. The primary outcome measures were the mean intraoperative blood loss and hematocrit change 48 h postoperatively. Results: The baseline sociodemographic characteristics were similar in both groups. The tranexamic acid group when compared to the placebo group showed significantly lower mean blood loss (442.94 ± 200.97 versus 801.28 ± 258.68 mL; p = 0.001), higher mean postoperative hemoglobin (10.39 + 0.96 versus 9.67 ± 0.86 g/dL; p = 0.001), lower incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (1.0% versus 19.0%; p = 0.001), and lower need for use of additional uterotonic agents after routine management of the third stage of labor (39.0% versus 68.0%; p = 0.001), respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the mean preoperative hemoglobin (11.24 ± 0.88 versus 11.15 ± 0.90 g/dL; p = 0.457), need for other surgical intervention for postpartum hemorrhage (p > 0.05), and reported side effect, respectively, between the two groups. Conclusion: Prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid significantly decreases postpartum blood loss, improves postpartum hemoglobin, decreases the need for additional uterotonics, and prevents postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean section in pregnant women at high risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Its routine use during cesarean section in high-risk women may be encouraged. The trial was registered in the Pan-African Clinical Trial Registry with approval number PACTR202107872851363.
Association of sociodemographic, anthropometric, and sleep quality factors with accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times among Emirati working women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alsamman Razan Adnan , Shousha Tamer Mohamed , Faris MoezAlIslam E. , Abdelrahim Dana N. , Arumugam Ashokan 
Published: January 2024

Background: Although a significant lack of physical activity has been linked to an increase in obesity among Emirati women, the factors associated with accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times in Emirati women remain unclear. Objectives: To explore the association of accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times with sociodemographic, anthropometric, and sleep quality factors among Emirati working women. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: A convenience sample of 163 healthy working Emirati women aged 18–45 years was used. Sedentary and physical activity times were measured using the Fibion accelerometers worn on the thighs for 4–7 days. General demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and self-reported sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index score) were collected. Only participants who had valid data (i.e. wear time of ⩾600 min (10 h) per day for a minimum of 4–7 days) were evaluated. All values were normalized to a 16-h day to mitigate differences in wear time among the participants. Results: Overall, 110 Emirati women were included. The mean sitting time per 16-h day was 11.6 ± 1.1 h; mean moderate activity time per day, 40.88 ± 17.99 min; and mean vigorous activity time per day, 2.41 ± 1.21 min. Longer sitting time was associated with high body fat, secondary education, and divorce. Sitting time was reduced in those with good sleep quality. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity time was increased in women with postgraduate education and was decreased in women with a longer work experience and with comorbidities. The total activity time increased with increasing age and good sleep quality, whereas it decreased with increasing body fat, presence of at least one comorbidity, secondary education, and divorce. Conclusion: Certain demographic, anthropometric, and sleep quality factors were associated with accelerometer-measured sitting and physical activity times among Emirati working women. Future longitudinal studies should consider these factors when investigating predictors of physical activity levels in this population.
New genetic biomarkers predicting 5-aminosalicylate-induced adverse events in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Park Jihye , Park I. Seul , Kim Ji Hyung , Ji Jung Hyun , Park Soo Jung , Park Jae Jun , Kim Tae Il , Kim Seung Won , Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: January 2024

Background: Notably, 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are vital in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The adverse events of 5-ASA rarely occur but they could be fatal. Objectives: We aimed to discover new genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced adverse events in patients with IBD. Design: This was a retrospective observational study. Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study on patients with IBD in South Korea. We defined subset 1 as 39 all adverse events and 272 controls; subset 2 as 20 severe adverse events and 291 controls (mild adverse events and control); subset 3 as 20 severe adverse events and 272 controls; and subset 4 as 19 mild adverse events and 272 controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed and commonly found associated genes were determined as candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicting 5-ASA adverse events. Results: Patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) were significantly negatively associated with the development of adverse events compared to patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (5.3% versus 22.9%). However, sex and age at diagnosis were unassociated with the adverse events of 5-ASA. rs13898676 [odds ratio (OR), 20.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.69–72.67; p = 3.57 × e−6], rs12681590 (OR, 7.35; 95% CI, 2.85–19.00; p = 3.78 × e−5), rs10967320 (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 2.18–9.31; p = 4.72 × e−5), and rs78726924 (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.69–7.40; p = 7.96 × e−5) were genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced severe adverse events in patients with IBD. Conclusion: The adverse events of 5-ASA were more common in patients with UC than those with CD in our study. We found that novel rs13898676 nearby WSB2 was the most significant genetic locus contributing to 5-ASA’s adverse event risk.
Describing the infraspinatus bare area of the proximal humerus: An anatomic cadaveric study
Authors: Farooq Hassan , Salazar Dane H , Meldau Jason E , Schoenfeldt Theodore L , Garbis Nickolas G 
Published: January 2024

Background : The purpose of this study was to define the proximal humerus infraspinatus bare area in a human cadaveric model. Methods : Ten fresh-frozen shoulder specimens were used. A deltopectoral approach was utilized for exposure. Following access to the glenohumeral joint, the bare area width was measured at the upper, middle, and lower limits using an electronic digital caliper. Results : Mean upper, middle, and lower limit widths of the infraspinatus bare area were 5.48 mm, 8.68 mm, and 10.78 mm, respectively. Discussion The infraspinatus bare area broadened as one evaluated the humeral head in a superior to inferior fashion.
Circulating tumor DNA analysis predicts recurrence and avoids unnecessary adjuvant chemotherapy in I–IV colorectal cancer
Authors: Fan Wenhua , Xia Zhiyuan , Chen Rongrong , Lin Dagui , Li Fang , Zheng Yang , Luo Jiongyong , Xiong Yuanyuan , Yu Pengli , Gao Wei , Gong Yuhua , Zhang Feiran , Zhang Sen , Li Liren 
Published: January 2024

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a biomarker that can define the risk of recurrence after curative-intent surgery for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, beyond the predictive power of postoperative ctDNA detection, the efficacy and potential limitations of ctDNA detection urgently need to be fully elucidated in a large cohort of CRC. Objectives: To define potentially cured CRC patients through ctDNA monitoring following surgery. Design: A prospective, multicenter, observational study. Methods: We enrolled 309 patients with stages I–IV CRC who underwent definitive surgery. Tumor tissues were sequenced by a custom-designed next-generation sequencing panel to identify somatic mutations. Plasma was analyzed using a ctDNA-based molecular residual disease (MRD) assay which integrated tumor-genotype-informed and tumor-genotype-naïve ctDNA analysis. The turnaround time of the assay was 10–14 days. Results: Postoperative ctDNA was detected in 5.4%, 13.8%, 15%, and 30% of patients with stage I, II, III, and IV disease, respectively, and in 17.5% of all longitudinal samples. Patients with positive postsurgery MRD had a higher recurrence rate than those with negative postsurgery MRD [hazard ratio (HR), 13.17; p < 0.0001], producing a sensitivity of 64.6%, a specificity of 94.8%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 75.6%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 91.5%. Furthermore, patients with positive longitudinal MRD also had a significantly higher recurrence rate (HR, 14.44; p < 0.0001), with increased sensitivity (75.0%), specificity (94.9%), PPV (79.6%), and NPV (93.4%). Subgroup analyses revealed that adjuvant therapy did not confer superior survival for patients with undetectable or detectable MRD. In addition, MRD detection was less effective in identifying lung-only and peritoneal metastases. Conclusion: Postoperative ctDNA status is a strong predictor of recurrence independent of stage and microsatellite instability status. Longitudinal undetectable MRD could be used to define the potentially cured population in CRC patients undergoing curative-intent surgery.
Work-integrated learning for health information management students: Lessons learned from literature, and experiences of supervisors and students on virtual or remote placements
Authors: Prasad Natasha , Maloof Madeleine , Gjorgioski Stephanie , Riley Merilyn 
Published: January 2024

Background: Traditionally, health placements have required practical in-person learning, including placements completed by health information management (HIM) students. COVID-19 made in-person healthcare placements largely unviable. Alternative virtual/remote placements were required. Aims: (1) Explore the experiences of virtual/remote placements for HIM students and their supervisors; (2) Compare these experiences to the literature on barriers and facilitators for virtual/remote placement and (3) Develop best practice guidelines for the delivery of virtual/remote placements for HIM students. Method: A cross-sectional survey asked final-year HIM placement students and their supervisors about their virtual/remote placement experiences in 2021. Survey findings were compared to 10 barriers and facilitators for remote/virtual placements identified in the literature. Results: Students were challenged by autonomous virtual/remote placements but enjoyed their flexibility. A work schedule provides placement structure to students. The use of technology was embraced although unfamiliarity with video-conferencing software prior to placement was an issue for some students. The most common method of student–supervisor communication was email. However, students missed casual corridor conversations. The importance of maintaining a community of practice was reported in the literature and confirmed by students. Most students preferred undertaking a virtual/remote placement rather than delaying graduation. The majority of supervisors reported complete satisfaction with the placement students’ performance. Conclusion: Virtual/remote placements were a viable option for HIM students when in-person placements were impossible. Students required a work-based schedule, appropriate information technology, a dedicated workspace, familiarity with communication technologies, good communication channels with their supervisors and a supportive ‘community of practice’. HIM supervisors were satisfied with virtual/remote methods of placement delivery.
Characteristics and Outcomes of 7620 Multiple Sclerosis Patients Admitted With COVID-19 in the United States
Authors: Ramphul Kamleshun , Sombans Shaheen , Verma Renuka , Lohana Petras , Dhillon Balkiranjit Kaur , Gonzalez Mejias Stephanie , Sanikommu Sailaja , Ramphul Yogeshwaree , Pekyi-Boateng Prince Kwabla 
Published: January 2024

Background At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, several experts raised concerns about its impact on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. This study aims to provide a perspective using the biggest inpatient database from the United States. Method We screened for COVID-19 cases between April to December 2020, via the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Various outcomes were analyzed. Results We identified 1,628,110 hospitalizations with COVID-19, including 7620 (.5%) MS patients. 8.9% of MS patients with COVID-19 died, and it was lower than non-MS cases (12.9%). Less MS patients with COVID-19 needed non-invasive ventilation (4.5% vs 6.4%) and mechanical ventilation (9.0% vs 11.2%). Furthermore, MS patients with COVID-19 reported higher odds of non-invasive ventilation if they were ≥60 years, had chronic pulmonary disease (CPD), obesity, or diabetes. Private insurance beneficiaries showed reduced risk, vs Medicare. Similarly, for mechanical ventilation, those ≥60 years, with alcohol abuse, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or dialysis had higher odds, while females, smokers, and those with depression or hyperlipidemia showed reduced odds. The study revealed higher odds of mortality among those aged ≥60, who had CPD, obesity, CKD, or a history of old MI while females, smokers, as well as those with depression, and hyperlipidemia showed better outcomes. Blacks had lower odds, whereas Hispanics had higher odds of death, vs Whites. Medicaid and Privately insured patients had lower odds of dying vs Medicare. Conclusion We found several differences in patient characteristics and outcomes among MS and non-MS patients with COVID-19.
Acceptability of the Long-Term In-Home Ventilator Engagement virtual intervention for home mechanical ventilation patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative evaluation
Authors: Dale Craig M. , Ambreen Munazzah , Kang Sohee , Buchanan Francine , Pizzuti Regina , Gershon Andrea S. , Rose Louise , Amin Reshma 
Published: January 2024

Background Clinical management of ventilator-assisted individuals (VAIs) was challenged by social distancing rules during the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2020, the Long-Term In-Home Ventilator Engagement (LIVE) Program was launched in Ontario, Canada to provide intensive digital care case management to VAIs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the acceptability of the LIVE Program hosted via a digital platform during the COVID-19 pandemic from diverse perspectives. Methods We conducted a qualitative descriptive study (May 2020–April 2021) comprising semi-structured interviews with participants from eight home ventilation specialty centers in Ontario, Canada. We purposively recruited patients, family caregivers, and providers enrolled in LIVE. Content analysis and the theoretical concepts of acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness were used to interpret findings. Results A total of 40 individuals (2 VAIs, 18 family caregivers, 20 healthcare providers) participated. Participants described LIVE as acceptable as it addressed a longstanding imperative to improve care access, ease of use, and training provided; feasible for triaging problems and sharing information; and appropriate for timeliness of provider responses, workflows, and perceived value. Negative perceptions of acceptability among healthcare providers concerned digital workload and fit with existing clinical workflows. Perceived benefits accorded to LIVE included enhanced physical and psychological safety in the home, patient–provider relations, and VAI engagement in their own care. Conclusions Study findings identify factors influencing the LIVE Program's acceptability by patients, family caregivers, and healthcare providers during pandemic conditions including enhanced access to care, ease of case management triage, and VAI safety. Findings may inform the implementation of digital health services to VAIs in non-pandemic circumstances.
Comparison of digital recruitment strategies for Alzheimer's disease patients
Authors: Perez-Heydrich Carlos , Walker Courtney , Pile Macie , Agrawal Yuri 
Published: January 2024

Objectives Clinical trials studying Alzheimer's Disease (AD) face the challenge of recruiting participants with significant barriers to entering research studies. The objective of this study is to compare digital recruitment strategies’ ability to recruit older adults with cognitive impairment (CI). Methods Older adults with CI were recruited for a clinical trial studying vestibular therapy in reducing falls and improving balance and cognition in older adults with CI. Potential participants were recruited via two different digital recruitment methods, a direct messaging campaign using established patient records and a social media campaign. Potential participants then filled out surveys to determine eligibility for the study. Results The direct messaging campaign contacted 3060 potential participants and the social media campaign resulted in 8265 instances of unique engagement. Of the number of people reached, the direct messaging campaign had a higher percentage of people who submitted the survey compared to the social media campaign (8.3% vs. 1.2%, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in age, race, ethnicity, education, household income, and insurance status between the recruitment groups (p > 0.05). Direct messaging recruitment proved more cost-effective at $21.74 per eligible participant compared to the social media campaign at $859.58 per eligible participant. Conclusion This study found that direct messaging recruitment using established patient records was more cost-effective compared to social media recruitment for this clinical trial. In this sample size, similar demographics were reached by both recruitment methods. Future studies should continue to explore the use of social media and alternative methods to recruit representative participant populations for ongoing AD research.
MIWE: detecting the critical states of complex biological systems by the mutual information weighted entropy
Authors: Xie Yuke , Peng Xueqing , Li Peiluan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractComplex biological systems often undergo sudden qualitative changes during their dynamic evolution. These critical transitions are typically characterized by a catastrophic progression of the system. Identifying the critical point is critical to uncovering the underlying mechanisms of complex biological systems. However, the system may exhibit minimal changes in its state until the critical point is reached, and in the face of high throughput and strong noise data, traditional biomarkers may not be effective in distinguishing the critical state. In this study, we propose a novel approach, mutual information weighted entropy (MIWE), which uses mutual information between genes to build networks and identifies critical states by quantifying molecular dynamic differences at each stage through weighted differential entropy. The method is applied to one numerical simulation dataset and four real datasets, including bulk and single-cell expression datasets. The critical states of the system can be recognized and the robustness of MIWE method is verified by numerical simulation under the influence of different noises. Moreover, we identify two key transcription factors (TFs), CREB1 and CREB3, that regulate downstream signaling genes to coordinate cell fate commitment. The dark genes in the single-cell expression datasets are mined to reveal the potential pathway regulation mechanism.