bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target-controlled infusion: A comparative, prospective, observational study of the conventional TCI pump and the novel smartphone-based application iTIVA
Authors: Shah Shagun B. , Chawla Rajiv , Gupta Manish 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Empirically adjusted, standard drug doses fail to address interindividual pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics variability. Target-controlled infusion (TCI) delivers drugs in calibrated boluses to achieve and maintain a selected target plateau drug level (plasma or effect site). Interactive total intravenous anesthesia (iTIVA™) smartphone software simulates TCI and employs 31 established pharmacokinetic models for 11 different intravenous agents and is coupled with standard volumetric infusion pumps for administering TCI.

Material and Methods:
This prospective, observational, study investigates the degree of agreement between iTIVA and a conventional TCI pump (CTP) for the volume of propofol infused using the Schnider pharmacokinetic model in adult patients of either sex undergoing oncosurgery lasting 1–3 h under total intravenous anesthesia. Bland–Altman analysis of 124 data pairs from 30 patients provided bias, precision, and limits of agreement between the volumes infused by CTP and iTIVA (V-CTP and V-iTIVA) during specific identical time periods. Spearman’s rho and Kendall’s tau rank correlation coefficients provided the degree of association between V-CTP and V-iTIVA.

Results:
Spearman’s rho and Kendall’s tau were 0.996 and 0.964, respectively. Bias or the mean of differences was −0.02, while the limits of agreement were 0.58 and −0.63, respectively (Bland–Altman plot). The maximum allowed difference of 2 ml was much larger than the 95% confidence intervals for the limits of agreement. The Mountain plot was short tailed (−1.28 to 1.55) and centred over zero (0.01).

Conclusion:
The volume of propofol infused using TCI pump was similar to that calculated by iTIVA in identical time periods, confirming the clinical applicability of iTIVA.
Evaluation of the antiplatelet effect of generic ticagrelor 90 mg (ticaspan®) alone and in combination with aspirin 75 mg as compared to ticagrelor (innovator)
Authors: Kamat S , Jalgaonkar S , Marathe P , Karekar S , Uchil D , Revankar S 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate an in vitro antiplatelet effect of generic ticagrelor 90 mg (ticaspan) alone and in combination with aspirin 75 mg as compared to the innovator formulation of ticagrelor alone and in combination with aspirin among healthy Indian volunteers.

Methods:
18 volunteers were enrolled and platelet viability was tested using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay in six of 18 volunteers. In 12 volunteers, maximum platelet aggregation (MPA) and percentage inhibition of platelet aggregation (PI) were assessed using a platelet aggregometer in six study groups.

Results:
There was no significant increase in LDH levels when platelets were incubated with an innovator or generic drug alone and in combination with aspirin as compared to the dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] group. All five study groups showed a significant reduction in the MPA values compared to the DMSO group (P < 0.01). The extent of decrease in MPA observed with the generic drug was not significantly different from the innovator drug (P = 0.325). Similarly, the MPA observed with the two combination groups did not differ from each other (P = 1.000), but it was significantly different from the MPA observed with aspirin (P = 0.039, each). The PI of platelet aggregation was significantly more in four study groups [generic drug alone; innovator alone; generic drug + aspirin; and innovator drug + aspirin] (P < 0.01) as compared to the aspirin group.

Conclusion:
The generic ticagrelor and its combination with aspirin demonstrated an antiplatelet effect equivalent to the innovator drug and its combination with aspirin.
Complete agenesis of dorsal pancreas: A rare cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ray S , Behera KK , Tripathy TP 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report a 16-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain and severe hyperglycemia. His random blood glucose on admission was above 300 mg/dL, without ketosis. Urine examination revealed mild ketonuria. Renal function tests were normal. Antibodies to glutamate acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and islet tyrosine phosphatase 2 (anti-IA2) were negative. Findings on enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan were compatible with complete dorsal pancreatic agenesis. The body and tail of the pancreas were not visualized. Additionally, ectopic and malrotated left kidney was detected. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography confirmed the absence of the dorsal pancreatic duct. The patient was treated with multiple subcutaneous insulin injections and attained good glycemic control. He is currently doing well on follow-up. The present case is a rare combination of complete agenesis of the dorsal pancreas with an ectopic, malrotated kidney. Clinical awareness of this rare association will help improve patient management.
To study the role of hematological biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Bajaj Ishita , Rohatgi Jolly , Kotru Mrinalini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is the leading cause of irreversible blindness, and the prevalence is expected to double by 2030. Aim of this study was to compare the hematological biomarkers in diabetics with and without retinopathy. And also, as the grade of retinopathy increased.

Methods:
The study comprised three groups: DR (n = 66), NDR (n = 33), and controls (n = 33). Detailed workup included HbA1c levels, platelet indices (mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet count, and plateletcrit.

Results:
The mean age was 54 years. The mean duration of DM was 10 and 4 years in the DR and NDR groups, respectively. MPV values were significantly higher in the DR group (10.77 ± 1.2) than NDR (9.2 ± 1.1) and least in controls (8.3 ± 0.89) (P = 0.00). These values increased significantly with increasing severity of retinopathy (P = 0.04). There was a 6.13 times increased risk of developing diabetic retinopathy with increased mean platelet volume (MPV). Mean PDW was significantly higher in the DR group (19.22 ± 2.5) than NDR (13.89 ± 2.9) and least in controls (11.3 ± 2.5) (P = 0.00). These values increased significantly with increasing severity of retinopathy (P = 0.00). Other markers were not significant.

Conclusion:
MPV and PDW are important biomarkers which can predict the development and severity of retinopathy. Therefore, it is suggested that platelet indices be routinely done in diabetic workup. Furthermore, these are conveniently obtained from automated cell counters.
Benign limbal mass masquerading as ocular surface squamous neoplasia
Authors: Saini Aarushi , Rohatgi Jolly , Tadu Nampi , Bhandari Agam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We report a case of a progressively increasing temporal limbal mass in a 45-year-old man. The patient was initially diagnosed with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) based on the clinical features, and an excision biopsy was performed. Histopathological analysis showed that the lesion was benign. At 1-year follow-up postsurgery, no recurrence was seen. Therefore, a benign lesion can present with typical features suggestive of OSSN.
Mechanistic and protective approach to ventilator-induced lung injury: A narrative review
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Megha Shriram , Sachdev Anil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving tool in the management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is a double-edged sword if not used gently and with lung protective strategies, especially in heterogeneous lung pathology. Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) may occur with high airway pressure (barotrauma), improper tidal volume (volutrauma), repeated opening and closing of alveoli (atelectotrauma), and effects of local or systemic inflammatory cytokines on lung architecture (biotrauma). The target lung tissues in VILI are the fibre system, alveolar epithelium, and endothelium of pulmonary capillaries. Stress and strain are the main pathophysiological mechanisms of lung injury. Stress is related to transpulmonary pressure (TPP; the difference between alveolar pressure and pleural pressure) generated to inflate alveoli, and strain is related to the deformation of alveoli from end-inspiration to end-expiration. Junctional alveoli are at maximum risk of stress and strain. Low tidal volume and optimal positive end-expiratory pressure with limiting plateau pressure are the cornerstones of protective lung ventilation. Keeping driving pressure (DP) ≤15 cmH2O and ventilation in a prone position are shown to have mortality benefits in adults. DP considers total respiratory system compliance and does not differentiate lung compliance from chest wall compliance. TPP measurement aids in eliminating the effect of chest wall elastance on airway pressures. There is an immense need for high-quality prospective or randomised studies to shed light on mechanisms causing VILI and its prevention in children.
Management of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in a Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Center: Model of Care Adaptation and Implementation
Authors: Graco Marnie , Weber Gerard , Saravanan Krisha , Curran Jacqueline , Whitehead Nicole , Ross Jacqueline , DelaCruz Charito , Sood Samritti , Heriseanu Roxana E. , Chai-Coetzer Ching Li , Berlowitz David J. , Joffe David 
Published: December 2023

Background:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent and poorly managed in spinal cord injury (SCI). Alternative management models are urgently needed to improve access to care. We previously described the unique models of three SCI rehabilitation centers that independently manage uncomplicated OSA.Objectives:The primary objective was to adapt and implement a similar rehabilitation-led model of managing OSA in an SCI rehabilitation center in Australia. Secondary objectives were to identify the local barriers to implementation and develop and deliver tailored interventions to address them.Methods:A clinical advisory group comprised of rehabilitation clinicians, external respiratory clinicians, and researchers adapted and developed the care model. A theory-informed needs analysis was performed to identify local barriers to implementation. Tailored behavior change interventions were developed to address the barriers and prepare the center for implementation.Results:Pathways for ambulatory assessments and treatments were developed, which included referral for specialist respiratory management of complicated cases. Roles were allocated to the team of rehabilitation doctors, physiotherapists, and nurses. The team initially lacked sufficient knowledge, skills, and confidence to deliver the OSA care model. To address this, comprehensive education and training were provided. Diagnostic and treatment equipment were acquired. The OSA care model was implemented in July 2022.Conclusion:This is the first time a rehabilitation-led model of managing OSA has been implemented in an SCI rehabilitation center in Australia. We describe a theory-informed method of adapting the model of care, assessing the barriers, and delivering interventions to overcome them. Results of the mixed-methods evaluation will be reported separately.
A.P. Ermolov's application of psychological warfare techniques to solve military- strategic and political tasks in Transcaucasia
Authors: Дементьев Д.А. 
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена анализу приемов психологической войны, применяв- шихся А.П. Ермоловым для решения задач укрепления российской государственности в Закавказье в 1816–1820 гг. Особое внимание автор уделил оценке эффективности мер психологического воздействия, предпринятых генералом в отношении грузинского царевича Александра Багратиони, Исмаил-хана Хойского и Мустафы-хана Ширванского. Теоретическая основа исследования – принцип системности и сравнительно-историче- ский метод.
The article is devoted to the analysis of psychological warfare techniques used by A.P. Ermolov to solve the problems of strengthening Russian statehood in Transcaucasia in 1816- 1820. The author paid special attention to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the psychological impact measures taken by the general against the Georgian Tsarevich Alexander Bagrationi, Ismail Khan of Khoy and Mustafa Khan of Shirvan. The theoretical basis of the research is the principle of consistency and the comparative historical method.
A philosophical view of the causes of the crisis in fundamental physics and ways to eliminate them
Authors: Лолаев Т.П. 
Published: December 2023

В настоящее время, как известно, фундаментальная физика находится на стадии глубокого и затяжного кризиса. По мнению лауреатов Нобелевской премии – Ильи Пригожина и Роджера Пенроуза, выдающегося физика-теоретика Ли Смолина, а также автора данной статьи, причиной сложившейся в науке ситуации, прежде всего, является оперирование исследователями понятием «субъективное время», которое возникает и существует лишь в сознании отдельного человека, наблюдателя. При этом физики не используют в своих исследованиях понятие объективного времени, возникающего и существующего в природе. И. Пригожин, имея в виду понятие «объек- тивное время», считал, что главным в науке является выход этого понятия на первый план. По мнению ученого, если ввести новое понятие времени в уравнения динамики, то можно будет начать новый этап научно-технической революции.
Currently, as we know, fundamental physics is at the stage of a deep and protracted crisis. According to the Nobel Prize laureates IlyaPrigozhin and Roger Penrose, the outstanding theoretical physicist Lee Smolin, as well as the author of this article, the reason for the current situation in science, first of all, is the researchers' operation of the concept of "subjective time", which arises and exists only in the consciousness of an individual, an observer. At the same time, physicists do not use in their research the concept of objective time arising and existing in nature.I. Prigozhin, referring to the concept of "objective time", believed that the main thing in science is to bring this concept to the fore. According to the scientist, if we introduce a new concept of time into the equations of dynamics, it will be possible to start a new stage of the scientific and technological revolution.
MARKA HAKKI, MARKANIN KULLANILMASI VE TAZMİNAT DAVALARINDA KULLANMAMA DEF-İ
Authors: TAŞKIN Bedriye İlkiz Tuana 
Published: December 2023

Özet
Marka hakkı tescille kazanılan bir mülkiyet hakkıdır. Marka sahibi tescilli markasından kaynaklanan haklara karşı mutlak olarak sahiptir. Bu haklardan biri de SMK kapsamında korunan marka hakkının ihlalinden kaynaklanan tazminat talep etme hakkıdır. Tescilli marka hakkının ve bu hak kapsamında, hakkın ihlalinden kaynaklanan tazminat talep etme hakkının birtakım sınırları vardır. SMK ve uluslararası sözleşmelerce düzenlenen bu sınırlardan biri de markayı kullanma zorunluluğudur. Markanın beş yıllık hoşgörü süresi içerisinde haklı nedene dayanılmaksızın kullanılmaması halinde, marka hakkına tecavüz davalarında tecavüze konu markanın marka sahibi tarafından kullanılmadığı def-i karşı tarafça ileri sürülerek tazminat talebinin reddi talep edilebilmektedir. Çalışmamızda marka hakkının hukuki niteliği ve kazanılmasının esasları ışığında istisna niteliği taşıyan markayı kullanma zorunluluğu, kullanma zorunluluğunun istisnası olan haklı nedenle kullanmamama durumu ve bu zorunluluğun kullanmama def-i görünümünde tazminat davalarına yansıması Sınai Mülkiyet Kanunu, uluslararası sözleşmeler, öğretideki görüşler, ulusal ve uluslararası yargı kararları ışığında açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı marka hakkının, mülkiyet haklarının özel bir görünümü olduğunun ortaya konulması. Marka hakkının kazanılmasının ve hakkın istisnası olan markayı kullanılmaması durumunda marka hakkı sahibinin bu hakkın koruduğu tazminat talep etme yetkisinin ne şekilde sınırlandırıldığının ortaya konulmasıdır.
Metodoloji: Çalışma yazılı ve veri tabanlı kaynakların taranması ile hazırlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Marka hakkının hukuki niteliğinin mülkiyet hakkı olması. Eşyaya bağlı mülkiyet haklarından farklı olarak marka üzerindeki mülkiyetin süre ile sınırlandırılabileceği ve kullanılmamasına bağlı olarak mutlak hak niteliğinin üçüncü kişilere karşı ileri sürülmesi halinde birtakım sınırlamalara tabi tutulabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Özgünlük: Çalışmanın özgün tarafı, Marka hakkının hukuki niteliğini, bu niteliğin özgün birtakım özelliklerine bağlı olarak markayı kullanmama durumunun, marka hakkı sahibinin tazminat talep etme yetkisini sınırları uygulamaya ve öğretideki farklı görüşlere yer verilerek açıklanmıştır
PENERAPAN ANALYTICALl HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) DALAM PENENTUAN PENERIMA BEASISWA JALUR KIP-KULIAH
Authors: Prasetyo Lukas Arief , Sihombing Redo Abeputra , Himawan Imam 
Published: December 2023

Beasiswa Jalur KIP-kuliah merupakan tranformasi dari Bidikmisi, beasiswa yang memberikan dalam bentuk bantuan dana pendidikan dan biaya hidup persemester yang diberikan oleh pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan yang disalurkan melalui Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah III Jakarta. Dengan banyaknya peminat pada jalur beasiswa KIP-kuliah dan jumlah kuota penerima beasiswa KIP-kuliah ditentukan oleh Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi (LLDIKTI) maka Perguruan Tinggi perlu mengatur dan menjadikan sistem pengambilan keputusan sebagai alternatif dalam penerimaan beasiswa jalur KIP-kuliah agar dapat menyaring calon penerima beasiswa jalur KIP-kuliah yang terbaik dan tepat sasaran sesuai dengan kuota yang diberikan. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang merupakan salah satu metode alternatif dalam pengambilan keputusan yang didalamnya banyak melibatkan kriteria yang dinilai atau multikriteria. Metode ini dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif, dalam hal ini alternatif yang dimaksudkan adalah yang berhak menerima beasiswa jalur KIP berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan yaitu nilai rapot, prestasi (sertifikat), nilai test masuk dan penghasilan orang tua. Hasil perhitunganuji consistency ratio (CR) untuk kriteria di dapat nilai CR =0.02, hasil perhitungan tidak lebih dari 0.1, sehingga penilaian perbandingan kriteria konsisten. Hasil dari sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menerapkan metode AHP ini adalah didapatkan rekomendasi penerima beasiswa jalur KIP-kuliah dengan perhitungan sesuai kriteria yang dipilih, sehingga pihak perguruan Tinggi akan lebih mudah dan tepat sasaran dalam menentukan penerima beasiswa jalur KIP-kuliah
The Protection of Human Rights in the Case of Non-Criminal Narcotics Users
Authors: Laksana Andri Winjaya 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Narcotics use as a complex global issue has an impact on human rights, especially in the context of criminal law. Although some countries, including Indonesia, are beginning to recognize human rights protections in non-criminal narcotics use, the main challenge is striking a balance between strict regulation and appropriate protection for individuals who need narcotics for treatment or non-criminal purposes. Purposes of the Research: The aim of this research is to analyze relevant laws and regulations and related practices in protecting human rights in the case of non-criminal narcotics users. Methods of the Research: This research uses normative legal research methods to analyze laws and regulations related to non-criminal narcotics use. Data sources include statutory documents, court decisions, and legal literature. Data analysis will look for patterns and evaluate regulatory compliance with human rights principles.Results of the Research: To protect human rights in cases of non-criminal narcotics use in Indonesia, legislation plays an important role, although challenges such as abuse of power and social stigma remain. Cooperation between government, NGOs and civil society is needed to implement existing regulations and increase public understanding of human rights. Indonesia needs to find a balance between strict narcotics regulations and protecting individual rights. This involves clear definitions for “non-criminal” narcotics, fair law enforcement, as well as safeguarding individual privacy. The challenges involve racial and social injustice in drug law enforcement and require an evidence-based approach that engages diverse stakeholders. Continuous research and analysis is needed to support better policies to address the narcotics problem.
The Legal Consequences of Transferring Trade Secrets on Under Hand’s Scheme
Authors: Suhardin Yohanes , Sitorus Rolib , Khuan Hendri , Manullang Sardjana Orba 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Unauthorized transfer of trade secrets can harm the owner, cause financial loss, damage reputation and trigger legal action. In the era of globalization and technology, the transfer of trade secrets is increasingly urgent to be legally regulated. Legislation has been implemented in various countries to protect trade secrets, but the legal consequences vary. The repercussions involve financial loss, reputation, legal action and ethical business considerations.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the process of identifying and handling the transfer of trade secrets under the hand in Indonesian legal practice. This study also aims to understand the legal consequences that apply to the perpetrators of private transfer of trade secrets in the Indonesian legal system. Methods of the Research: This research uses normative legal research methods to analyze statutory regulations, court decisions, and legal literature related to the private transfer of trade secrets. A statutory approach helps understand the applicable legal framework. Data sources include various legal documents and legal literature, with data collection techniques focusing on document analysis and literature study. Data analysis involves identifying trends and legal implications of cases related to private transfer of trade secrets in the Indonesian legal context.Results of the Research: The process of identifying and handling illegal transfers of trade secrets in Indonesia is an important step in protecting business and industry. It covers the steps from identification to prosecution, with reference to regulations such as the Trade Secret Act. Trade secrets must be confidential and have economic value. Prevention through internal security policies and employee training is also necessary. Perpetrators of the transfer of trade secrets may face civil, criminal and administrative actions in accordance with applicable law, with consequences including criminal sanctions, demands for compensation and confiscation of goods or documents. Protection is also given to whistleblowers in good faith. Internal policies, nondisclosure agreements, and consulting legal advisors are important for protecting trade secrets. All parties must understand and comply with the law to maintain business integrity in Indonesia.