bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) based model reveals potential for predicting bladder cancer patients’ prognoses and immunotherapy responses
Authors: Dong Mengyuan , Zhang Xu 
Published: February 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of bladder cancer and the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in its progression. We aim to identify CAF-specific biomarkers and develop a prognostic prediction model based on CAFs, thereby contributing to the advancement of treatment strategies and the identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers for bladder cancer.
Method: We employed single-cell RNA sequencing to detect biomarkers for CAFs in bladder cancer cells. Bladder cancer cohorts were categorized into low- and high-CAF groups using the ssGSEA algorithm. The study also explored the association between CAF-related scores, immune-related cells, and immune checkpoint-related genes. Furthermore, we performed GSVA analysis to understand the biological features of CAFs and their link to various cancer-related pathways.
Result: Ten genes were identified as CAF markers in bladder cancer cells. A significant difference was found with 2712 differentially expressed genes between low-CAF and high-CAF tissues. The CAFs-based prognostic prediction model included nine genes (ALDH1L2, AL450384.2, EMP1, LINC02362, WFIKKN1, GOLGA8A, POU5F1, AL354919.2, PTPRR), which are potentially crucial in predicting bladder cancer prognosis. The GSVA analysis revealed the involvement of several cancer-related pathways, such as WNT, toll-like receptor, TGF-beta, MAPK, and MTOR signaling pathways, in the CAFs-based prognostic model.
Conclusion: This study highlights the significant role of CAFs in the progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. The identified CAF biomarkers and the constructed prognostic model provide valuable insights for future research and potential therapeutic targets. CAF-dependent pathways are promising for the development of new treatments and improving the prognosis of bladder cancer patients.
Technology Focus: Drilling Automation and Innovation (February 2024)
Authors: Ochoa Danny 
Published: February 2024

In recent years, operators and service companies have optimized drilling activities and reduced operational costs by accelerating the deployment of digital solutions. Among other applications, predictive data analytics are commonly used to estimate rock properties, reduce operational uncertainty, improve equipment maintenance processes, and optimize scarce human resources on specific tasks. Not surprising, then, is the number of initiatives to maximize the value of data and new machine-learning models to understand complex operations and the different levels of drilling automation around the world.
The selection of technical papers for this month highlights some interesting examples implemented in diverse geographies.
Sustainability appears today as a key driver for innovation. The complex process of decarbonization of our industry can be accelerated with the potential larger-scale application of emerging solutions with proven tangible impact. For instance, rig and equipment automation are a reality, with the capacity to lower emissions in drilling operations and help obtain improved and more-consistent results. Papers SPE 216249 and IPTC 22975 illustrate examples of actual benefits in different projects.
The task of collecting, processing, organizing, and making sense of drilling information from multiple sources with minimum time requirements remains an opportunity for improved decision-making in project management. Paper OTC 32978 describes one case with the use of artificial intelligence for automatic classification of daily drilling reports as an enabler for better planning and accurate risk analysis.
Worth emphasizing is the importance of extended reality as a growing and promising alternative with untapped potential in well construction, mainly as a resource for active learning and a collaboration tool among multidisciplinary teams. Paper SPE 212532, included in the additional recommended reading, gives an interesting overview of current applications associated with drilling operations and challenges ahead.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 217113 Machine-Learning Techniques for Real-Time Prediction of Essential Rock Properties While Drilling by K.W. Amadi, Australian University, et al.
SPE 212532 Extended Reality and Gamification for Drilling by Crispin Chatar, SLB, et al.
SPE 213043 Ensemble Machine Learning for Data-Driven Predictive Analytics of Drilling Rate of Penetration Modeling: A Case Study in a Southern Iraqi Oil Field by Dhuha T. Al-Sahlanee, BP, et al.
Long-term Reliable Wireless H2 Gas Sensor via Repeatable Thermal Refreshing of Palladium Nanowire
Authors: Seo Min-Ho , Kim Ki-Hoon , Jo Min-Seung , Kim Sung-Ho , Kim Bokyeong , Kang Joonhee , Yoon Jun-Bo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The increasing significance of hydrogen (H2) gas as a clean energy source has prompted the development of high-performance H2 gas sensors. Palladium (Pd)-based sensors, with their advantages of selectivity, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, have shown promise in this regard. However, the long-term stability and reliability of Pd-based sensors remain a challenge. This study not only investigates the performance degradation observed in palladium (Pd) nanowire H2 sensors with extended use, but also proposes a cost-effective and simple recovery method. The results from density functional theory (DFT) calculations and material analysis confirm the presence of C = O bonds, indicating performance degradation due to carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation on the Pd surface. Based on the molecular behavior calculation in high temperatures, we proposed an optimized thermal treatment method of 200°C for 10 minutes to remove the C = O contaminants, resulting in nearly 100% recovery of the sensor's initial performance even after 2 months of contamination.
The Effect of Haemoglobin and Blood Transfusion on Preterm Infant Gut Perfusion and Injury
Authors: Howarth Claire , Mifsud Christian , Banerjee Jayanta Banerjee , Eaton Simon , Leung Terence , Fleming Paul , Morris Joan , Aladangady Narendra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
There is significant uncertainty regarding the role of anaemia or blood transfusion in the development of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants.

We conducted a prospective observational study of 48 preterm infants born at <30 weeks gestation in whom, gut perfusion and injury were assessed weekly by: 60 minutes Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements (sTOI/sFTOE); stool calprotectin; urine intestinal and liver FABP; and TFF-3 until either 36 weeks post conceptional age or discharge.

Exclusion criteria included Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR), and abnormal antenatal Dopplers. Haemoglobin levels were measured in parallel with NIRS measurements. NIRS and the urine and stool biomarkers of gut injury were evaluated up to 72 hours before/after transfusion and pre/post measurements compared.

Our results demonstrated no significant association of Haemoglobin with either sTOI/sFTOE or any gut biomarker level. There was no significant difference in pre and post RBCT NIRS measurements or gut biomarker levels.

We showed no association of anaemia or transfusion with gut injury in preterm infants. Further studies with standardised methods of examining the relationship between anaemia, transfusion, and gut injury are needed in FGR infants.
Patient Satisfaction with Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag Localization Compared with Wire Localization for Nonpalpable Breast Lesions: the RFID Trial
Authors: PETE Raphaël , PINARD Céleste , SIRODOT Fanny , MOLNAR Ioana , DRESSAIRE Margot , GINZAC Angeline , ABRIAL Catherine , DURANDO Xavier , TEKATH Marielle 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Most breast cancers are detected at an early stage in which case conservative surgery is indicated. An accurate preoperative localization technique is essential for conservative surgery of non-palpable breast lesions. Currently, the gold standard technique is wire localization (WL). However, this technique has well-known drawbacks. Several wire-free techniques have been developed to overcome these drawbacks; one technique is localisation by Radiofrequency Identification (RFID). The purpose of this clinical trial was to assess the superiority of RFID tags (LOCalizerTM) in terms of patient satisfaction, over wire localization of non-palpable breast lesions.
Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, controlled and non-interventional trial. Patients were followed from their inclusion at the time of the preoperative consultation to the postoperative consultation, one month after surgery. Data on anxiety and satisfaction was collected from patients and clinicians using questionnaires, and clinical data was collected from the medical files. The primary outcome was the patients’ satisfaction scores, assessed using a visual analogue scale.
Results: Eighty patients were sequentially enrolled in two groups: the wire group (n = 40) and the RFID group (n = 40). One patient from the RFID group was excluded from the analysis because of a substantial migration during deployment. On a 10-point Visual Analogue Scale, the patients’ median satisfaction score was 9.8 (IQR = 1.32) for the wire group and 10 (IQR = 0.07) for the RFID group (p < 0.001). A reduction in pain between device insertion and surgery was observed in the RFID group (p = 0.009). The median placement time was shorter in the RFID group (15 min, IQR = 6) than in the wire group (20 min, IQR = 30) (p = 0.01).
Conclusion: Our results did not show any clinically significant difference in patient satisfaction with the localization of non-palpable breast cancer lesions using either the WL technique or RFID tags. Nevertheless, RFID tags are a reliable alternative to WL, simplifying the organization of patients' healthcare trajectories.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID; NCT04750889 registered on 11/02/2021.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04750889?term=rfid&draw=2&rank=1
Performance Assessment of large-scale rooftop solar PV system - A Case Study in a Malaysian Public University
Authors: Govindarajan Logeswaran , Batcha Mohd Faizal Mohideen , Abdullah Mohammad Kamil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Adopting rooftop solar PV systems in various domestic and non-domestic sectors (including commercial, industrial, and agricultural) exhibits their commitment to green energy ventures. This study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of a grid-connected solar system that has been installed so far: a 6.9MWp photovoltaic (PV) system implemented at University Tun Hussein Onn (UTHM) in Batu Pahat, Johor. This green energy system was installed as a part of the Self-Consumption (SELCO) program utilizing a Supply Agreement for Renewable Energy (SARE) contract. To assess the mounted energy system's efficiency, performance monitoring was carried out between December 2021 and November 2022. By evaluating the enactment of the 6.9MWp solar system at UTHM, this present work has attempted to compile the achievement of implementation of self-consumption interms of performance analysis and financial benefits to consumer. The research finding bridges the gap between policy makers, investors, and the public regarding acceptance of the large scale Self-Consumption (SELCO). . Based on International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61724 standard, this study also investigates several performance characteristics of the PV system, such as final yield, clearance index (CI), array yield, PV module efficiency, inverter efficiency, reference yield, and capacity factor (CF) performance ratio (PR). Moreover, an assessment of Carbon Dioxide ( avoidance was also conducted to quantify the amount of reduction achieved. The PV system was monitored throughout this time and generated 8529 MWh of energy. The installed PV system has shown an efficiency of 11.86 %, a final yield of 108.28 %, and a PR of 0.78, respectively. Further, the installed 6.9MWp PV system at UTHM has resulted in an annual reduction of about 5450 emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by tonnes. The 6.9MWp solar PV system also estimated to reduce 25.1 RM mil in 25 years.
Impact of thiamine supplementation on mortality in septic shock: a retrospective before-after study
Authors: Ribeiro Bárbara Lima , Nascimento Caroline Marques , Carvalho Isnara Miranda , Gama Hugo Leonardo Jesus , Oliveira Vitoria Gonçalves Alves , Cruz Manuel Dominguez La , Azevedo Jose Raimundo Araujo , silva Luis Carlos Machado 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis and septic shock represent major challenges in terms of patient mortality. Despite numerous studies involving various drugs and interventions, effective results have not been demonstrated. Recently, the role of thiamine in critically ill patients has gained attention. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of supplemental thiamine on clinical outcomes in patients with septic shock.
Methods
This retrospective before-after study included patients with: 1) an age ≥ 18 years with documented or suspected infection; 2) Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥ 2; 3) serum lactate levels > 18 mg/dL and hypotension, 4) mean arterial pressure < 65 mm Hg maintained after volume expansion of ≥ 30 ml/kg in the first 2 h of treatment followed by noradrenaline vasopressor dependence (with or without vasopressin) during the first 6 h of treatment; 5) intensive care unit (ICU) admission during two periods: May 1 to September 30, 2022 (control group) and November 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023 (intervention group). Only the intervention group received supplemental thiamine (200 mg in 50 ml 5% dextrose twice daily) for 7 days or until ICU discharge. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were lactate clearance, ventilation-free and vasopressor-free days within 28 days, and incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) within 2 d of septic shock diagnosis.
Results
Sixty-two patients were included, 29 in the control group and 33 in the intervention group. There was no difference in 28-day mortality between the intervention and control group (n = 18, 54.5% vs. n = 19, 65%, p = 0.63). There was no difference in secondary outcomes Nine patients (27.2%) in the intervention group were administered RRT compared to three (10.3%) in the control group (p = 0.09). However, after adjusting for independent covariates, multivariate analysis showed that age (p = 0.017), lactate clearance (p = 0.044), and vasopressor-free days (p = 0.043) were associated with a lower 28-day mortality.
Conclusions
In the clinical setting, patients with septic shock may not benefit from intravenous thiamine in terms of 28-day mortality. however, older patients, those with longer vasopressor dependence, and those with poor lactate clearance may be at a higher risk of 28-day mortality.
Trial registration:
www.clinical trials.gov [NCT05840718, (03/05/2023)]
Towards measuring food insecurity stigma: Development and validation of the Food Insecurity Self- Stigma Scale and the Food Support Experiences Scale
Authors: Taylor Natalie , Boyland Emma , Christiansen Paul , Southern Alan , Hardman Charlotte A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Within high income countries such as the UK, individuals experiencing food insecurity have become increasingly reliant on food support to satisfy household food needs. However, experiencing food insecurity and accessing food support are highly stigmatised, negatively impacting psychological and emotional wellbeing. Being able to quantify this stigma may contribute towards reducing these impacts.
This study aimed to develop and validate two novel scales enabling the quantification of stigma concepts within the food insecurity and food support context: (1) the Food Insecurity Self-Stigma Scale (FISS), which measures the level of self-stigma that individuals experiencing food insecurity feel regarding their food insecure status; and (2) the Food Support Experiences Scale (FSES), which measures the psycho-social experiences (including the experience of self-stigma) when individuals access a food support service.
Methods
English speaking participants who identified as experiencing food insecurity completed the new FISS (N=211) and FSES (N=123) measures, alongside other validation measures. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out for both scales. Regressions using latent variables derived from the CFA were used to test convergent and divergent validity. McDonald’s Omega was used to assess internal reliability and intra-class correlations between initial and retest FISS and FSES scores of a small number of participants (FISS: N=14; FSES: N=8) were used to assess test-retest reliability.
Results
EFA indicated that a three-factor structure best accounted for the data in both the FISS and FSES. CFA revealed a good fit of the model for the FISS, comprising of 15 items across the three factors (righteous anger, non-disclosure, and stereotype endorsement). Meanwhile, an acceptable-to-poor fit of the model was revealed for the FSES, comprising of 23 items across the three factors (self-approval and disclosure, dietary and interpersonal satisfaction, and perceived effectiveness and impact). Both scales demonstrated good internal reliability and test-retest reliability.
Conclusions
The FISS and FSES provide valid tools for quantifying aspects of stigma relating to the experience of food insecurity and accessing food support respectively. These two scales may provide an important step towards developing interventions which reduce this psychological burden and work to promote psychological wellbeing within populations experiencing food insecurity.
Pneumocystis jirovecii in Neuroendocrine Hyperplasia of Infancy: accomplice or bystander?
Authors: Chan Christopher Chun-Lin , Goyal Vikas , Ratycz Elizabeth , Nourse Clare , Kapur Nitin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a rare childhood disease of the airways. Existing literature regarding the aetiology of NEHI is limited and predominately centred on genetic mutations. However, there does not appear to be a common genetic mutation among all children with NEHI, suggesting that other causative factors likely contribute to disease pathogenesis. While no infectious disease has been attributed to the aetiology of NEHI, infectious agents are certainly known to precipitate or exacerbate other Childhood Interstitial Lung Diseases (ChILDs).
Case presentation: We report the presence of Pneumocystis jirovecii in the lungs of five infants with NEHI.
Conclusions: The significance of this association is unclear but is suspicious for an immunological or other pulmonary aberrancy among children with NEHI that predisposes to P. jirovecii infection. Alternatively, P jirovecii may be an important co-factor in the pathogenesis of NEHI, or simply be an innocent bystander within the lung. This finding may help to explain the pathogenesis of this poorly understood disease. Future studies comparing the clinical course of children with NEHI infected with P. jirovecii against those without infection may further clarify the pathogenesis of this condition.
The NS1 protein of influenza B virus binds 5’-triphosphorylated dsRNA to suppress RIG-I activation and the host antiviral response
Authors: Montelione Gaetano , Woltz Ryan , Schweibenz Brandon , Ma Li Chung , John Rachel , Vorobiev Sergey , Solotchi Mihai , Patel Smita , Tsutakawa Susan , Hura Greg , Zhao Chen , Krug Robert , Shurina Ben , Swapna G.V.T. , Tainer John 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Influenza A and B viruses overcome the host antiviral response to cause a contagious and often severe human respiratory disease. Here, integrative structural biology and biochemistry studies on non-structural protein 1 of influenza B virus (NS1B) reveal a previously unrecognized viral mechanism for innate immune evasion. Conserved basic groups of its C-terminal domain (NS1B-CTD) bind 5’-triphosphorylated double-stranded RNA (5’ppp-dsRNA), the primary pathogen-associated feature that activates the host retinoic acid-inducible gene I protein (RIG-I) to initiate interferon synthesis and the cellular antiviral response. Like RIG-I, NS1B-CTD preferentially binds blunt-end 5’ppp-dsRNA. NS1B-CTD also competes with RIG-I for binding 5’ppp-dsRNA, and thus suppresses activation of RIG-I’s ATPase activity. Although the NS1B N-terminal domain also binds dsRNA, it utilizes a different binding mode and lacks 5’ppp-dsRNA end preferences. In cells infected with wild-type influenza B virus, RIG-I activation is inhibited. In contrast, RIG-I activation and the resulting phosphorylation of transcription factor IRF-3 are not inhibited in cells infected with a mutant virus encoding NS1B with a R208A substitution it its CTD that eliminates its 5’ppp-dsRNA binding activity. These results reveal a novel mechanism in which NS1B binds 5’ppp-dsRNA to inhibit the RIG-I antiviral response during influenza B virus infection, and open the door to new avenues for antiviral drug discovery.
The investigation of SNP in SOCS2 gene and its effect on milk yield, fat, protein, and somatic cell count in Awassi ewes
Authors: hasan mubeen ul , Ceyhan Ayhan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Livestock farmers face financial losses every year because milk yield and components are severely affected by udder diseases. These udder infections attract the immune response from the host and lead to the influx of neutrophils into milk to fight infection and thus the number of somatic cell count (SCC) is increased. The milk yield and milk quality (e.g. fat) are negatively affected by the increased SCC. The SCC is used to estimate the somatic cell score (SCS)of the milk, which is used as an indirect measure to detect subclinical mastitis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a significant SNP rs868996547, on the suppresser of cytokine signaling 2 gene (SOCS2) which is related to milk yield and milk quality in Awassi sheep.
Methods
In this study, milk production data was obtained from 210 healthy Awassi ewes with different parties and ages. The general linear model (GLM) process analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine fixed effects on milk traits. The DNA extraction was done using a blood DNA extraction kit from Qiagen. To validate the presence of SNP a customized SNP detection developed by Thermofisher Scientific was used. The presence of the SNP in the SOCS2 gene was detected with genotypes (C/T, T/T, and C/C) and T being the mutated allele and it had a significant (p < 0.015) effect on the milk yield (p < 0,015;0.091), fat (p < 0,001;0,003), fat/protein ratio (p < 0.001;0,037) and log10SCC value (p < 0,006;0,015) of Awassi ewes. However, the protein, total solid, and lactose percentages in the wild type and the mutated ewes found having no significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Our result showed the increase in SCC or SCS of the milk significantly affected the milk yield and composition Parity and age had significant effects on ewes' milk yield (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we investigated the presence of SOCS2 gene of Awassi ewes in the study flock and its effect on milk yield, fat, and somatic cell count, and the change in milk composition and milk yield because of SCC.