bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Features of Stroke in Migraine: A Review
Authors: Featherstone Harvey J. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISHigh resolution CT scanning in patients with post‐traumatic head pain is superior to conventional radiography for detecting fractures and other lesions of the facial structures. This is an important consideration, since such lesions may be responsible for the post‐traumatic pain. Direct axial and coronal scanning is adequate for diagnosis in most cases; multiplanar reconstructions can be done to obtain sagittal and other views. The radiation dose and cost of CT are comparable to those of conventional tomography.
A Correlative Study of Immunoglobulin Isotype Expression in Common Migraine
Authors: Rubin Leonard S. , Boyer Jere 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISRecent studies have hypothesized that late‐onset immune response may be mediated through Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) in common migraine. In the present study, measurements of serum concentrations IgD, IgA, IgE, IgM and IgG were obtained on samples of healthy controls and common migraineurs. No significant differences in concentration of any of the isotypes were found between groups. Correlational analysis between isotypes within groups demonstrated that whereas the relationships between IgD and IgG, IgD and IgA, and IgG and IgE were positive in the control group, the correlations between these variables in the migraineurs were negative (inverse). Moreover, the application of semi‐partial correlational techniques to these relationships generated divergent models of regulatory process underlying isotype expression. In control subjects, IgD is involved in the expression of IgA and IgE, which are reciprocally related to each other and in turn affect the concentration of IgG. Common migraineurs were found to be characterized by a dysfunctional regulatory process as manifested in their pattern of isotype expression. IgD is involved in the independent expression of IgA, IgE or IgG, but IgA and IgE are not involved in the expression of IgG and there is no reciprocal relationship between IgA and IgE.
Migraine, Mitral Valve Prolapse and Platelet Function in the Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Lanzi Giovanni , Grandi Anna Maria , Gamba Gabriella , Balottin Umberto , Barzizza Franco , Longoni Patrizia , Fazzi Elisa , Venco Achille 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe evaluated 58 pediatric patients (39 females) suffering from various kinds of migraine in order to assess the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse, using echocardiography, and platelet function, using standard platelet aggregation tests. The patients were grouped as follows: 14 subjects with muscle contraction headache, 9 subjects with common migraine, 13 subjects with classic migraine, 22 subjects with complicated migraine. We examined as a control group 30 normal subjects matched for age and sex with the patients. Prevalence of MVP in subjects with complicated migraine (59%) was significantly higher as compared to the other groups of patients ( r <0.005) and to the control group ( r <0.0005). The prevalence of MVP in subjects with classic and common migraine (13.6%) was slightly, but not significantly higher than in the control group (6.7%). No significant differences in platelet aggregation tests were observed either between groups of migraine sufferers and controls, or between subjects with and without MVP. We suggest that the association between MVP and complicated migraine is not coincidence, and that follow‐up studies are needed to assess its clinical significance.
The Role of Stress in Recurrent Tension Headache
Authors: Holm Jeffrey E. , Holroyd Kenneth A. , Hursey Karl G. , Penzien Donald B. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThis study investigated the role of stress in recurrent tension headache. Although recurrent tension headache sufferers (N=117) and matched headache‐free controls (N=174) reported similar numbers and types of stressful life events, headache sufferers reported a greater number of chronic everyday stresses or daily hassles than did controls. Recurrent tension headache sufferers also appraised the stressful events they experienced more negatively than did controls, and employed less effective coping strategies in their efforts to manage stressful events. When the potential impact of a stressful event was ambiguous, recurrent headache sufferers appraised this event more negatively and themselves as having less control over the event than did headache‐free controls. In their coping efforts, recurrent tension headache sufferers also placed greater reliance on the relatively ineffective coping strategies of avoidance and self‐blame, and made less use of social support than did controls. These findings suggest that research on the role of stress in tensionheadaches should focus not on the occurrence of major stressful life events, but on the recurrent headache sufferer's cognitive appraisals of stressful events and efforts to cope with stress.
A Controlled Study of Dihydroergotamine in the Treatment of Acute Migraine Headache
Authors: Callaham Michael , Raskin Neil 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA prospective, double‐blind, crossover study was conducted of the effectiveness of dihydroergotamine (DHE) vs. placebo in the treatment of acute migraine in the emergency department. Thirty‐seven patients were enrolled. By 60 minutes after treatment, those receiving DHE first had significantly better relief of pain than those receiving it later. Side effects were fairly common but were minor and did not necessitate terminating treatment. Eleven per cent of patients had significant relief of pain with prochlorperazine pre‐treatment alone. Only 13.5% of patients treated with this DHE regimen required narcotics at the end of the study for relief of pain, compared to 45% of migraine headache patients seen concurrently in the same emergency department who were not enrolled in the study. We conclude that treatment with intravenous prochlorperazine and DHE is a safe and effective treatment and a useful alternative to narcotics.
Prophylaxis of Migraine: A Comparison Between Naproxen Sodium and Pizotifen
Authors: Behan P.O. , Connelly K. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISSeventy‐four migraine sufferers were entered into a randomized, single‐blind study to compare the prophylactic effects of naproxen sodium and pizotifen. 550 mg naproxen sodium twice daily or 0.5 mg pizotifen three times daily were given for up to three months. Response to treatment was determined by monthly clinical assessments and daily patient self‐assessment.Both groups showed a significant decline in both the severity of migraine (p=0.001) and in the frequency of attacks (p = 0.02). No significant differences were detected between groups.Tolerance to both treatments was good. The most common adverse experience reported by the naproxen sodium treated patients was nausea (6 patients), whereas pizotifen gave rise to weight gain in five patients.The study has shown that naproxen sodium is a useful prophylactic agent for migraine.
Differential Responsivity of the Vasomotor Response System to a “Novel” Stressor
Authors: McCaffrey Robert J. , Goetsch Virginia L. , Robinson James , Isaac Walter 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISBilateral blood volume pulse (BVP) recordings from the frontotemporal artery were obtained from a migraineur and eight non‐migraineurs prior to and following the presentation of a novel laboratory stressor ‐ the consumption of ice water. The results revealed a markedly different pattern of BVP activity in the migraineur compared to the non‐migraineurs. The implications of these findings for assessing the disregulation of the vasomotor response system are noted. In addition, the novel stressor used in this study may be used for inducing migraine attacks in controlled laboratory environment.
Post‐Traumatic Headache Patients I: Demographics, Injuries, Headache and Health Status
Authors: Barnat Michael R. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWhile research has recently focused on the perceptions of general headache patients of their disorders, little attention has been paid to post‐traumatic headache patients, their perceptions of their disorder and of its course, and their perception of the health care system in which they have become participants. The present study was designed to provide data on these aspects. The respondents were new and return post‐traumatic headache patients in a headache treatment center. A survey form was employed and, in a twelve month sampling effort, the opinions of one hundred seventeen patients were obtained. This report describes demographic characteristics of the sample, the patients' premorbid and postmorbid health status, the status of headache and associated symptoms, and descriptions of injuries and of post‐traumatic amnesia. Patients and their families are often demoralized by both the symptoms and their slow resolution. They lack information around which to build long term coping strategies. The data in this report can be helpful in tailoring treatment programs and guiding patients with respect to prognosis.
Plasma Methionine Enkephalin. Increased Levels During a Migraine Episode
Authors: Mosnaim Aron D. , Chevesich Jorge , Wolf Marion E. , Freitag Frederick G. , Diamond Seymour 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISPlasma methionine‐enkephalin (MET) levels in migraine patients, either during an attack or when pain‐free, are statistically significantly higher than in matched controls; this is also true when comparing the classical and nonclassical migraine subpopulations with the control group. Individual patients consistently presented lower MET plasma concentrations in the pain‐free period than during the acute headache, with some subjects showing values falling within the range of controls. Platelet neuropeptide content was similar in patients and controls, irrespective of plasma MET levels. These results indicate that increased plasma MET concentrations are associated with the occurrence of a migraine episode and suggests that they are not a constant characteristic of migraineurs.
Migraine and Platelet Aggregation in Patients Treated With Low Dose Acetylsalicylic Acid
Authors: Hosman‐Benjaminse S.L. , Bolhuis P.A. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTo discriminate between the general analgesic effect of acetylsalicylic acid (a.s.a.) and a specific effect by inhibition of platelets we treated 27 migraine patients with low doses of acetylsalicylic acid. In a double‐blind randomized cross‐over study a small change in number of migraine attacks was found which however must be ascribed to a period effect. Severity of attacks as judged by the patients was similar in the placebo and drug periods. The frequency of attacks and the effect of a.s.a. were not significantly different in patients with platelets relatively sensitive to ADP and those with a slow response to ADP. No correlation was found between number of attacks and inhibition of the ADP aggregation obtained by administration of a.s.a. We concluded that low doses of a.s.a. are not useful to reduce the number or the severity of migraine attacks, and that no correlation exists between migraine attacks and a.s.a. effects on ADP‐induced platelet aggregation. High doses of a.s.a. appear to be beneficial in migraine only by a general analgesic effect.
Predictors of Outcome in Headache Patients Presenting to Family Physicians ‐ a One Year Prospective Study
Authors:   The Headache Study Group of The University of Western Ontario
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTwo hundred and seventy‐two patients presenting to family physicians with a new complaint of headache were enrolled in a one year prospective study. Data was collected from patients and doctors at the first visit. Patients were interviewed at home six weeks after the first visit, and follow‐up data was obtained by mailed questionnaire or telephone interview at six months and one year. Patients were diagnosed by three of the investigators, using conventional diagnostic categories. Fifty‐six patients (21.1%) had headache of organic origin. Of the 209 with non‐organic headache, the majority were diagnosed as muscle contraction headache (MCH) possible (38.8%), common migraine possible (28.6%) and MCH definite (21.8%). The distinction between common migraine possible and MCH had no value in predicting outcome. There was a gradient of increasing severity across the spectrum of nonorganic headache, from MCH to classical migraine, a finding which we believe supports the “severity model”. The factors independently associated with a good outcome at one year (p<0.05) were the patient's assessment at six weeks that he had had the opportunity to discuss his problem fully at the first visit, an organic diagnosis, and no report of visual symptoms accompanying the headaches. More severe pain and warning vomiting were strongly associated with a poor outcome. Since the distinction has no predictive value, we suggest that headaches without definite features of migraine or cluster headache be categorized as recurrent non‐specific headache (R.N.S.H.).
Unusual Angiographic Appearance During Attack of Hemiplegic Migraine
Authors: Jensen Ivan W. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISTransfemoral carotid angiography was performed in a 23‐year‐old man twelve hours after the abrupt onset of hemiplegic migraine. An unusual appearance of the internal carotid artery contralateral to the hemiplegia was noted. Possibly this appearance represented spasm.
Marital Conflicts and Exacerbation of Headache: Some Clinical Observations
Authors: Roy Ranjan 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the association between deteriorating family situations and conflicts, and exacerbation of head pain. Many headache sufferers seen at a university‐based headache clinic reveal complex family‐related problems which may have had a negative effect on their head pain. It is argued that family assessment and treatment, if indicated, has considerable therapeutic value both for the patient's headache as well as overall functioning of the family.
Cardiovascular Reflexes in Young Migraine Patients
Authors: Havanka‐Kanniainen H , Tolonen U , Myllylä V.V 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe autonomic nervous system functions of 49 young migraine patients, aged from 11 to 22 years, wereinvestigated during headache‐free intervals by utilizing a number of cardiovascular reflexes as indices.Twenty‐five healthy subjects of similar age served as a control group. The pulse rate (R‐R‐interval)variation was registered in normal and deep breathing, during the Valsalva manoeuvre, and in anorthostatic test (a tilt table was used); and the blood pressure measurements were performed in anorthostatic test and during an isometric work test. There were no significant differences between the groupof young migraine patients and the control group. Furthermore, all numeric mean values were in thenormal limits given in the literature; only incidental abnormal values were encountered, and even then inboth groups. Moreover, the cardiovascular reflex responses of various subgroups of migraine patients(common‐classic, frequent ‐infrequent attacks, patients with or without autonomic nervous systemdysfunction signs during attacks, normal‐abnormal EEGs), did not significantly differ from each otherduring this interictal recording period. The results suggest intact autonomic nervous system functions inyoung migraine patients during headache free intervals.
Headache and Cervical Spine Disorders: Classification and Treatment with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Farina Stefano , Granella Franco , Malferrari Giovanni , Manzoni Gian Camillo 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISA clearer definition of the relationship between headache and disorders of the cervical spine appearsnecessary not only for classification purposes but also for a more rational approach to the management ofsuch conditions. The classification proposed here would distinguish headaches etiologically related to cervicalspine disorders from those in which these disorders might represent just one of several triggering orcomplicating factors. The first group includes cervicogenic headache, occipital neuralgia, auriculotemporalneuralgia, cervicalgia and cervicobrachialgia; the second group includes muscle‐contraction headache andmixed headache. Treatment with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was applied in 10 patientswith cervicogenic headache, 15 patients with occipital neuralgia, and 35 patients with muscle‐contraction ormixed headache. Good results, i.e. HI improvement >60% in 70–80% of cases, were obtained in all three groupsof patients, with no significant differences between them.
The Economic Burden of Headache: An Epidemiological Study in the Republic of San Marino
Authors: Benassi G. , D'Alessandro R. , Lenzi P.L. , Manzaroli D. , Baldrati A. , Lugaresi E. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe examined the socio‐economic consequences of headache in a random sample of 514 working people living inthe Republic of San Marino. Our results show that, in the preceding year, 255 out of 514 (49.6%) suffered fromheadache; 31.9% (164/514) reported decreased efficiency as a consequence of headache; 9.3% (48/514) reportedthat head pain is always severe; 7.4% (38/514) were absent from work because of headache for a total of 338working days lost; 8.4% of all working days lost to illness were due to headache.We estimated that in the Republic of San Marino (21,792 inhabitants), headache causes a loss of at least 5,000working days every year. Since the cost of a working day in the Republic of San Marino is about 100,000 italianlire, the economic burden in this area amounts to 500 millions of lire in a year. This shows that headache is amajor socio‐medical problem.
Nadolol and Propranolol in Migraine Management
Authors: Olerud Bengt , Gustavsson Carl‐Lennart , Furberg Bengt 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISThe prophylactic effects of nadolol once daily and propranolol b.i.d. were studied in 28 patients with common or classic migraine. Following screening procedures, the subjects entered a 28‐ to 120‐day placebo period, which was followed by a 24‐week randomized, double‐blind treatment period. The prophylactic effects were evaluated by frequency of migraine attacks, consumption of acute migraine‐relief tablets, duration of attacks, ratings of headache and nausea severity, and duration of incapacitation. Compared to placebo, both beta blockers brought about a highly significant (p < 0.01 ) reduction in attack frequency and consumption of acute migraine‐relief tablets, while no significant changes were found with regard to the other variables. No significant differences were found between the two beta blockers. The results indicate that nadolol once daily is as effective as propranolol b.i.d. in migraine management and that the main effect of beta blockers in migraine is in preventing attacks from breaking out, while the capacity for reducing the intensity or duration of unsuppressed attacks is less prominent.
Migrainous Olfactory Hallucinations
Authors: Schreiber Andrew O. , Calvert Preston C. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISOlfactory hallucinations have been reported in association with numerous neurologic and psychiatric disorders. We present four cases of olfactory hallucinations accompanying migraine headache. Each patient had a normal neurologic examination, normal cranial CT, and normal EEG. All patients experienced relief of olfactory hallucinations and headaches with propranolol therapy. The specific subjective features of olfactory hallucinations associated with various neurologic and psychiatric disorders are reviewed, and a classification of these sensory phenomena along well‐defined axes is presented. Olfactory hallucinations associated with migraine are usually perceived as extrinsic, real and unpleasant, features which are also common in such hallucinations associated with other neurologic diseases. Psychiatric olfactory hallucinations are most often perceived as intrinsic, unreal, or both. These subjective aspects of the hallucinations are helpful in differential diagnosis, but careful evaluation is necessary to exclude other neurologic disorders.
Auditory Brainstem Evoked Potentials in Patients with Migraine
Authors: Podoshin Ludwig , Ben‐David Jacob , Pratt Hillel , Fradis Milo , Sharf Benjamin , Weller Boaz , Wajsbort Jerzy , Zellinger Michael 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISAuditory brainstem evoked potentials (ABEP's) using the routine 10 per second click rate, and also a 55 persecond stimulus rate, were studied in 17 migraine patients between and during attacks, and in 20 normal subjects.Only in the "migraine during attack" group did the increased stimulus rate change the ABEP's. Similar changeswith increased stimulus rates may be seen in situations of ischemic synaptic dysfunction. Thus, our data supporta vascular pathogenesis of migraine.
Impairment of Consciousness and Memory in Migraine: A Review
Authors: Sacquegna Tommaso , Cortelli Pietro , Baldrati Anna , De Carolis Piero , Tinuper Paolo 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISFour distinctive patterns of consciousness and memory impairment can be recognized during amigraine attack: 1. syncope, 2. transient global amnesia, 3. confusional state, 4. epileptic seizure.We discuss old and new views concerning the mechanisms responsible for these differentdisturbances of consciousness.
Cardiovascular Reflexes and Plasma Noradrenaline Levels in Migraine Patients Before and During Nimodipine Medication
Authors: Havanka‐Kanniainen H. , Juujärvi K. , Tolonen U. , Myllylä V.V. 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISIn twenty‐one migraine patients, cardiovascular reflex responses and noradrenaline (NA) levels were measured before and after four weeks of calcium antagonist nimodipine medication. Nineteen healthy subjects served as a control group for cardiovascular reflex responses and ten of them as a control group for noradrenaline levels.Neither the cardiovascular reflexes nor the noradrenaline levels differed significantly when the values before and after four weeks of nimodipine medication were compared with each other.The mean pulse rate reaction connected with both normal and deep breathing differed significantly when the results of migraine patients and controls were compared with each other, this result suggesting subtle parasympathetic hypofunction in migraine patients. When the mean Valsalva ratios and the mean postural pulse rate reaction ratios were compared, the ratios in migraine patients were significantly lower than in control subjects (p<0.025), suggesting sympathetic hypofunction in migraine patients. The mean diastolic blood pressure rise in migraineurs in the isometric work test was 15.2 ± 9.4 and in controls 24.0 ± 9.4 (p<0.001). The baseline levels of the NA determinations did not differ when the values of migraineurs and controls were compared with each other; but after 3 minutes of standing, the rise in NA levels in migraine patients was significantly lower than in controls (p<0.05). These results suggest sympathetic hypofunction in migraineurs.
The Effect of Intravenous Verapamil on Acute Migraine Headache
Authors: Molaie Majid , Olson Carin M. , Koch John 
Published: June 2005

SYNOPSISWe conducted a double blind placebo controlled study on the effect of intravenous injection of verapamil in 12 patients with acute migraine headache who sought medical help in the emergency room. Changes in the intensity of headache were scored every 10 minutes up to one hour following administration of 10 mg of Verapamil or placebo.After infusion of placebo, one patient reported complete improvement, one had moderate improvement, and three had no improvement. Of those receiving verapamil, two reported moderate improvement, two had no improvement, and three were worse.Our results indicate no beneficial effect of intravenous verapamil injection on acute migraine headache in progress.