bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ball milling‐assisted exfoliation and deposition to prepare few‐layer graphene/PVC nanocomposites with enhanced thermal stability
Authors: Li Jinyun , Xu Jingwei , Chen Wenhua , Ma Chen , Chen Guohua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt is still a great challenge to prepare high‐performance graphene/polymer nanocomposites by fully utilizing the large surface area, high tensile strength, and high thermal stability. Herein, a simple but efficient approach based on ball milling was developed to in situ exfoliate graphite into single‐layer graphene and simultaneously deposit them onto polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surface. Graphene/PVC nanocomposites were prepared via the plasticized molding and followed by hot pressing. Resulting from incorporation of highly exfoliated and evenly distributed graphene nanosheets, the obtained graphene/PVC nanocomposites displayed a significantly enhanced thermal stability. In contrast with neat PVC, the temperature of maximum weight loss (Tmax), glass transition temperature (Tg), and residual content of composite with 2.0 wt% graphene were increased by 10, 13°C, and 4.4%, respectively. Based on the deep analysis on heat releasing behavior and structure of residue, we proposed the related enhancing mechanism. Large‐area and highly exfoliated graphene sheets effectively inhibited the heat/mass transfer in composite system and prevented the degradation of PVC, as well as promoted the compact residue formation from polymer itself at high temperatures. In short, this work provided an environmentally friendly strategy to prepare high‐performance graphene/polymer nanocomposites with using low additive amount of single‐layer graphene.Highlights
A simple graphite exfoliation method based on ball milling was proposed.
Strong shearing and compact force induce graphene exfoliation and deposition.
Graphene/PVC nanocomposites with enhanced thermal stability was prepared.
Pathology and forensic science: Dignity, respect, and the dead body
Authors: Jones Imogen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis perspective considers the forensic examination of deceased bodies via the medico‐legal autopsy. It is argued that the decisions we make about what we do with, and to, deceased bodies and body parts is, and should be, limited by the need to treat bodies with dignity and respect. The treatment of parts of bodies has been explored in bioethics, substantially due to organ retention scandals bringing this to the public and political attention. But these cases—although important—represent extremes. This perspective therefore focuses on routine death investigations and the extent to which scientific method should be limited because of the competing interests in the deceased body and its treatment. It is argued that how we treat bodies/body parts matters because they represent once‐living people with contexts, histories, and relationships. They had, and perhaps still have, value as human persons. As humans, we share complex relationships and have different views and interpretations of what our duties are to each other. Dignity and respect aid by providing baseline standards, and are reflected as such in professional codes and regulations. However, the system is imbued with sufficient discretion that it is impossible to achieve consistency of standards or practice. This means that the treatment of deceased bodies in forensic science will differ substantially depending on both context and the practitioners involved.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Medicine > Medicolegal Death Investigation Systems
Alles unter einem Dach? Einstellungen und erforderliche Kompetenzen für die erfolgreiche Nutzung von BIM-orientierten digitalen Technologien in KMU am Beispiel von Koop-3D
Authors: Tartler Darien , Rothenbusch Sandra , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: December 2023

Zusammenfassung Im Zuge der Digitalisierung verschmilzt die reale Arbeitswelt auch im Handwerk zunehmend mit der virtuellen. Die Einführung digitaler Technologien am Arbeitsplatz geht dabei mit Herausforderungen einher. Mitarbeitende in kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) benötigen neue Kompetenzen für eine effektive Nutzung digitaler Technologien. Dafür sollten KMU gemäß der soziotechnischen Systemtheorie die Einführung durch die gezielte Förderung von Kompetenzen und Technikakzeptanz begleiten. Diese Studie soll dafür am Beispiel von Koop-3D, einem digitalen Gebäudemodellierungstool zum Planungs- und Ausführungsmanagement in der gewerkeübergreifenden Kooperation im Baugewerbe, folgende Forschungsfragen beantworten: Welche Gewerkevertretende würden Koop-3D in der Praxis aus welchen Gründen (nicht) einsetzen? Welche Chancen und Risiken sehen die Gewerkevertretenden durch Koop-3D für die Kooperation? Welche Methoden-, Sozial-, Fach und Selbstkompetenzen werden zur Nutzung von Koop-3D benötigt? Zur Überprüfung dieser Fragestellungen wurde Fachpersonen aus dem Baugewerbe eine Videovignette vorgelegt und via Fragebogen evaluiert. Es werden Chancen und Risiken von, sowie notwendige Kompetenzen für die Nutzung von Koop-3D in KMU identifiziert. Basierend auf diesen Ergebnissen werden konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, die KMU im Baugewerbe bei der Einführung neuer digitaler Technologien unterstützen sollen.
Management wirksamer agiler Lernprozesse mithilfe digitalisierter Personaleinsatzplanung in KMUs
Authors: Mynarek Felix , Jahr Michael 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungUnternehmen und größere Organisationen stehen in sich schnell wandelnden Märkten und bei komplexen Umweltbedingungen vor immer neuen und teilweise schwer abschätzbaren Herausforderungen, deren Bewältigung einen nachhaltig nutzbaren (Kern-)Kompetenzerwerb verlangt. Kontinuierliches Lernen und insbesondere informelles Lernen sind hierfür entscheidende Bausteine. Diese informellen Lerngelegenheiten, die vor allem durch den gemeinsamen Austausch und die individuelle Reflexion gekennzeichnet sind, sollten daher bereits bei der Planung von operativen Arbeitsabläufen und Projekten systematisch berücksichtigt werden. Allerdings ist die Planung von Arbeitsreihenfolgen mit vielen und knappen Ressourcen vor allem bei Mehrfachzielsetzung ein komplexes Problem. So sollten für eine digitalisierte Planung leistungsstarke Methoden aus dem Bereich Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) eingesetzt werden, um ein optimales Ergebnis erzielen zu können. Mithilfe entsprechender smarter Algorithmik wird gezeigt, wie Agile Lernprozesse, z. B. selbstorganisierbare Austausche, zielgerecht in automatisch berechnete dynamische Zeitfenster in einen Arbeits- und Projektplan integriert werden können. In der Folge eröffnet sich für Unternehmen die Möglichkeit zusätzlich zu der bisherigen Nutzung formaler Lerneinheiten ebenso informelles Lernen zu systematisieren bzw. die hierfür erforderlichen Rahmenbedingungen im operativen Tagesgeschäft zu schaffen.
How to awaken a sleeping giant: antagonistic expression of Flowering locus T homologs and elements of the age-related pathway are associated with the flowering transition in Agave tequilana
Authors: Hernández-Soriano Laura , Gálvez-Sandre Laura , Ávila de Dios Emmanuel , Simpson June 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Key message
Antagonistic expression of Flowering locus T proteins and the ageing pathway via miRNAs and sugar metabolism regulate the initiation of flowering in A. tequilana.

Abstract
Flowering in commercial plantations of Agave tequilana signals that plants are ready to harvest for tequila production. However, time of flowering is often unpredictable and a detailed understanding of the process would be beneficial in the field, for breeding and for the development of future research. This report describes the functional analysis of A. tequilana FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes by heterologous expression in A. thaliana and in situ hybridization in agave plants. The gene structures of the Agave tequilana FT family are also described and putative regulatory promoter elements were identified. Most Agave species have monocarpic, perennial life cycles that can last over 25 years during which plants do not respond to the normal environmental signals which induce flowering, suggesting that the ageing pathway as described in Arabidopsis may play an important role in determining flowering time in these species. Elements of this pathway were analyzed and in silico data is presented that supports the regulation of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING LIKE proteins (SPL), APETALA2 (AP2) proteins and members of Plant Glycoside Hydrolase Family 32 (PGHF32) by interactions with miRNAs 156, 172 and 164 during the initiation of flowering in A. tequilana.
Direct calculation of the equilibrium composition for multi-component Langmuir isotherms in batch adsorption
Authors: Kaiblinger Norbert , Hahn Rainer , Beck Jürgen , Wang Yiran , Carta Giorgio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe extended Langmuir isotherm is commonly used to describe multi-component adsorption. In batch adsorption, the equilibrium composition can be computed by solving simultaneously the Langmuir equations and the material balance equations numerically. We demonstrate that for given values of the initial fluid-phase concentrations, the adsorbed phase composition of all components can be expressed in terms of the fluid-phase concentration of a reference species. As a result, the adsorbed phase composition is easily derived by combining the isotherm expression for the reference species with the corresponding material balance. We derive a general graphical representation of the underlying mathematics valid for N components along with the analytic solution for two-component systems.
Quipu Quivers and Nakayama Algebras with Almost Separate Relations
Authors: Fosse Didrik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA Nakayama algebra with almost separate relations is one where the overlap between any pair of relations is at most one arrow. In this paper we give a derived equivalence between such Nakayama algebras and path algebras of quivers of a special form known as quipu quivers. Furthermore, we show how this derived equivalence can be used to produce a complete classification of linear Nakayama algebras with almost separate relations. As an application, we include a list of the derived equivalence classes of all Nakayama algebras of length $$\le 8$$

≤
8

with almost separate relations.
LncRNA HCP5 Facilitates the Progression of Ovarian Cancer by Interacting with the PTBP1 Protein
Authors: Shou Jian , Zhang Chuanling , Zheng Xiaoyu , Li Yaowei , Wu Peng , Chen Long , Wei XiuJun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is a major gynecological malignancy with an annually increasing morbidity that poses a significant threat to the health of women worldwide. Most OC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage. It is an urgent task to search for biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of OC. The lncRNA HCP5 (HCP5) was recently identified as an oncogene in several malignant tumors. However, the function of HCP5 in OC has rarely been reported. Herein, the levels of HCP5 and PTBP1 were found to be markedly increased in malignant OC tumor tissues and OC cell lines. In HCP5-silenced SKOV-3 and HEY cells, cell viability was markedly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, with more cells exhibiting G0/G1 arrest and increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9. Furthermore, the number of migrated cells, number of invaded cells, and migration distance were notably decreased by the knockdown of HCP5 in SKOV-3 cells and HEY cells. In the xenograft model established with SKOV-3 cells, the number of lung metastases, tumor growth, and Ki67 expression in tumor tissues were markedly decreased by the knockdown of HCP5, accompanied by an increased percentage of TUNEL-positive cells. HCP5 was found to be localized in the nucleus, and the interaction between HCP5 and PTBP1 was verified by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Furthermore, in HCP5-overexpressing OC cells, the impacts of HCP5 on cell proliferation and apoptosis were significantly attenuated by the knockdown of PTBP1. Collectively, these results indicate that HCP5 facilitates the progression of OC by interacting with the PTBP1 protein.
Success factors for effective plastic avoidance in tourism: a German consumer study with focus on beach holidays
Authors: Friedrich Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHotels are under increasing pressure to reduce their plastic consumption and keep holiday destinations cleaner. Tourism experts already pointed to a variety of solutions, from replacing, avoiding to waste collection campaigns with guests. This study mirrors these measures with the opinions of German consumers who, in the European Union, travel most and mainly for beach holiday. A survey (n = 630) showed that plastic prevention should be practised by holiday organisers, actively involving guests, e.g. in beach clean-ups, was least popular. Personal attitudes towards plastic avoidance had no effect, but rather women and older people were more willing to engage on holiday (max. r = 0.17). Also, agreement tended to decrease with the distance of the holiday destination (max. r = 0.11). For effective marketing, providers of plastic-free holidays should rather avoid this material than replacing it and participate in environmental protection projects on destinations and get certified for this. This most convinces diverse consumer groups, instead of demonstrating sustainability with obligations and bans.
Visual Education and the Care of the Figuring Self. Mr. Palomar’s Exercises as Pedagogy
Authors: Oliverio Stefano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper engages with Italo Calvino’s lecture on Visibility, included in his last—and testamentary—volume Six Memos, by understanding it in an educational and pedagogical key. While the question of pedagogy is expressly addressed by Calvino himself in his lecture, the interpretation here provided is not merely an application of his tenets but an elaboration on and an autonomous development of them. In particular, in the spotlight there is the intimate bond image-cum-writing which seems to preside over Calvino’s insights and is here suggested as key to tackling the challenges of the contemporary mediascape and the “tautological vision” dominating therein. While a part of the educational discourse invokes “homeostatic” pedagogical solutions, namely the (ultimately confrontational) deployment of writing to compensate for the iconic ruling regime, this paper explores the possibility of a specific kind of visual education (instantiated by comics and Otto Neurath’s Isotype), which combines the role of the image with some features traditionally attributed to the pedagogy of writing (e.g. the cultivation of abilities of abstraction, of reflection etc.). A pedagogy of figuration is, accordingly, proposed as an interruption of the tautological vision of the new media and as conducive to educating readers of the unwritten world and of the world of digital images, Mr. Palomar—the hero of Calvino’s last novel—possibly being the archetype of this kind of (new?) readership. By referring to two influential notions in the contemporary debate in educational philosophy and theory, this pedagogy is finally interpreted in term of (visual) thing-centredness rather than (visual) subjectification.
Survivability and proliferation of microorganisms in bentonite with implication to radioactive waste geological disposal: strong effect of temperature and negligible effect of pressure
Authors: Bartak Deepa , Bedrníková Eva , Kašpar Vlastislav , Říha Jakub , Hlaváčková Veronika , Večerník Petr , Šachlová Šárka , Černá Kateřina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs bentonite hosts a diverse spectrum of indigenous microorganisms with the potential to influence the long-term stability of deep geological repositories, it is essential to understand the factors influencing microbial activity under repository conditions. Here, we focus on two factors, i.e., temperature and swelling pressure, using a suspension of Cerny Vrch bentonite to boost microbial activity and evaluate microbial response. Suspensions were exposed either to different pressures (10, 12 and 15 MPa; to simulate the effect of swelling pressure) or elevated temperatures (60, 70, 80 and 90 °C; to simulate the effect of cannister heating) for four weeks. Each treatment was followed by a period of anaerobic incubation at atmospheric pressure/laboratory temperature to assess microbial recovery after treatment. Microbial load and community structure were then estimated using molecular-genetic methods, with presence of living cells confirmed through microscopic analysis. Our study demonstrated that discrete application of pressure did not influence on overall microbial activity or proliferation, implying that pressure evolution during bentonite swelling is not the critical factor responsible for microbial suppression in saturated bentonites. However, pressure treatment caused significant shifts in microbial community structure. We also demonstrated that microbial activity decreased with increasing temperature, and that heat treatment strongly influenced bentonite microbial community structure, with several thermophilic taxa identified. A temperature of 90 °C proved to be limiting for microbial activity and proliferation in all bentonite suspensions. Our study emphasizes the crucial role of a deep understanding of microbial activity under repository-relevant conditions in identifying possible strategies to mitigate the microbial potential within the deep geological repository and increase its long-term stability and safety.
Ti-Fe Phase Evolution and Equilibria Toward β-Ti Superalloys
Authors: O’Kelly P. , Watson A. , Schmidt G. , Galetz M. , Knowles A. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent design and development of precipitate reinforced refractory metal alloys demonstrate the possibility of A2 + B2 bcc superalloys as a new class of high temperature materials. Existing β-Ti alloys do not typically employ reinforcement with intermetallics, as in other high temperature alloys; to this effect sufficient additions of Fe, a low cost β-Ti stabiliser, can promote formation of an ordered-bcc intermetallic phase, β′-TiFe (B2), offering scope to develop a β + β′ dual-phase field. However, key uncertainties exist in the base Ti-Fe binary. The current research evaluates the formation of ordered-bcc TiFe precipitates within a disordered-bcc β-Ti matrix through variable heat treatment strategies. The microstructure optimisation has revealed new insight into the Ti-Fe phase equilibria at near eutectoid temperatures in the purported dual-phase field, where a complex interplay between β-Ti, β′-TiFe and α-Ti exists.
Methodological comparison of laser stripping solutions with contemporary pulsed lasers for e-drive copper hairpins
Authors: D’Arcangelo Simone , Caprio Leonardo , Chesi Davide , Nocciolini Daniele , Corbinelli Rubino , Previtali Barbara , Demir Ali Gökhan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe electric drives used in traction applications employ conventionally pure Cu bars bent to the required form, inserted in the stator and welded by a laser at the extremities. These extremities, which are referred to as Cu hairpins, should be stripped off from the electrically isolating polymeric enamel. Laser stripping is industrially used to remove the enamel from the Cu surface. Pulsed wave lasers are employed for the purpose with a large variety of solutions industrially available to the end users. The peculiar process may give way to material removal by surface heating for instance using infrared radiation (IR) or ultraviolet (UV) lasers or an indirect material expulsion via near-infrared (NIR) sources. Accordingly all major laser sources, namely CO2, active fiber, active disk, and Nd:YAG at different wavelengths, may be used for the purpose. Such laser sources possess very different characteristics regarding the pulse durations, power levels, and beam diameters. As newer laser system solutions are made available, the need for methods and experimental procedures to compare the process performance also increases. This work compares 7 different hairpin stripping solutions based on contemporary pulsed laser sources along with a detailed comparative analysis method. Initially, the 7 laser sources are used for hairpin stripping. The process quality is analyzed through surface morphology, chemistry, and the mechanical strength upon laser welding. Productivity and efficiency indicators are collected. Using the collected data, the work proposes system configurations for three different scenarios prioritizing quality, productivity, and cost.
A method for an efficiency and weight-optimised preliminary design of a hydrogen-powered fuel cell-based hybrid-electric propulsion system for aviation purposes
Authors: Akkaya Mücahit , Neumann Nicolai , Peitsch Dieter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere is a worldwide effort to advance the usage of zero-emission propulsion systems for aircraft. Due to their high thermodynamic efficiency and the fact that they produce no $$\textrm{CO}_{2}$$

CO
2

and $$\textrm{NO}_{x}$$

NO
x

emissions, hydrogen-powered fuel cells are becoming increasingly popular for aviation purposes. However, fuel cell systems suffer from lower power density and higher cooling requirements when compared to conventional propulsion systems. Harnessing the high potential requires an optimised design of the whole propulsion system and its heat management system. This paper aims to present a method for the preliminary design and dimensioning of a fuel cell-based hybrid-electric propulsion system, which respects the limits of the heat management system and is weight and efficiency optimised. Thermodynamic models of the whole propulsion system are a crucial element to enable further investigations. Such a model has been developed, which is suitable for unsteady simulations of the propulsion and the heat management system performance of a short-range four-seater aircraft. A parameter study of the design parameters has been performed to display their impact on the system mass, the overall efficiency and the total hydrogen consumption. These results enable the identification of an overall optimised configuration. The study indicates that fuel cell-only configurations with an oversized fuel cell stack are beneficial for the analysed aircraft and flight mission.
Algorithmic Fairness, Risk, and the Dominant Protective Agency
Authors: Franke Ulrik 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith increasing use of automated algorithmic decision-making, issues of algorithmic fairness have attracted much attention lately. In this growing literature, existing concepts from ethics and political philosophy are often applied to new contexts. The reverse—that novel insights from the algorithmic fairness literature are fed back into ethics and political philosophy—is far less established. However, this short commentary on Baumann and Loi (Philosophy & Technology, 36(3), 45 2023) aims to do precisely this. Baumann and Loi argue that among algorithmic group fairness measures proposed, one—sufficiency (well-calibration) is morally defensible for insurers to use, whereas independence (statistical parity or demographic parity) and separation (equalized odds) are not normatively appropriate in the insurance context. Such a result may seem to be of relatively narrow interest to insurers and insurance scholars only. We argue, however, that arguments such as that offered by Baumann and Loi have an important but so far overlooked connection to the derivation of the minimal state offered by Nozick (1974) and thus to political philosophy at large.