bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune landscape of the kidney allograft in response to rejection
Authors: Ahuja Harsimar Kaur , Azim Shafquat , Maluf Daniel , Mas Valeria R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Preventing kidney graft dysfunction and rejection is a critical step in addressing the nationwide organ shortage and improving patient outcomes. While kidney transplants (KT) are performed more frequently, the overall number of patients on the waitlist consistently exceeds organ availability. Despite improved short-term outcomes in KT, comparable progress in long-term allograft survival has not been achieved. Major cause of graft loss at 5 years post-KT is chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) characterized by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA). Accordingly, proactive prevention of CAD requires a comprehensive understanding of the immune mechanisms associated with either further dysfunction or impaired repair. Allograft rejection is primed by innate immune cells and carried out by adaptive immune cells. The rejection process is primarily facilitated by antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR). It is essential to better elucidate the actions of individual immune cell subclasses (e.g. B memory, Tregs, Macrophage type 1 and 2) throughout the rejection process, rather than limiting our understanding to broad classes of immune cells. Embracing multi-omic approaches may be the solution in acknowledging these intricacies and decoding these enigmatic pathways. A transition alongside advancing technology will better allow organ biology to find its place in this era of precision and personalized medicine.
Direction modulation based on planar rectangular non‐linear frequency diverse array
Authors: Zhang Yuanhao , Xie Haihua , Guo Rujiang , Liu Huijie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince its inception, the frequency diverse array (FDA) has attracted extensive attention and research because of its unique properties. However, most of the research primarily focuses on linear geometry FDA, with fewer studies on planar FDA. This letter proposes a design method based on planar rectangular FDA (PRFDA), which adjusts the frequency of each array element nonlinearly so that the beam direction of planar rectangular FDA can change linearly or nonlinearly with time, forming the desired transmit beampattern. Theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Homogeneous fine classification of Markarian galaxies based on SDSS medium-resolution spectroscopy
Authors: Mickaelian A. M. , Abrahamyan H. V. , Mikayelyan G. A. , Paronyan G. M. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Markarian (Mrk) galaxies, revealed due to their ultraviolet excess are very famous; they play a significant role in many astro-physical problems and come in a variety of types: Seyferts (Sys), low-ionization narrow emission-line regions (LINERs), starbursts (SBs), blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDGs), as well as some quasars (QSOs) and blazars. They also appear as sources of non-optical radiation, such as gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and radio, including some extremely high-energy gamma-ray sources (Mrk 421, Mrk 501) and very high-luminosity IR galaxies (Mrk 231).Aims. The classifications of Mrk galaxies for activity types have been carried out based on old mostly poor-quality and inhomoge-neous spectra (relatively low-resolution photographic spectra and low S/N spectra). The Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) provides ~90% of the existing medium-resolution spectra, and is a relevant homogeneous database for classification of galaxies. Our aim was to obtain homogeneous classifications of Mrk galaxies by means of the SDSS spectra.Methods. Based on our work on the classification of newly revealed objects from various recent catalogs, we developed a fine classification scheme for activity types based on the homogeneous database of the SDSS spectroscopy. This scheme was applied to Mrk galaxies having spectra in the SDSS (779 out of 1544, 50.45%).Results. As a result, 779 Mrk galaxies now have homogeneous optical spectral classification that can be used for further studies and statistics of their physical and spatial properties. We revealed 2 QSOs, 49 classical Seyferts (broad-line Seyferts 1, BLS1s), 17 narrow-line Seyferts 1 (NLS1s), 4 Sy2s, 12 LINERs, 11 active galactic nuclei (AGN) without a definite type, 31 Composite spectrum objects, and 533 HII/Starbursts. Due to low-quality spectra, some objects were left without definite activity types and were classified as emission or absorption galaxies.
Behandlung therapierefraktärer Verläufe der polyartikulären JIA
Authors: Haas Johannes-Peter 
Published: December 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAls juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (JIA) wird eine Arthritis mit einer Dauer von mehr als 6 Wochen bezeichnet, wenn: (i) sie vor dem 16. Lebensjahr erstmalig auftritt und (ii) keine anderen Ursachen gefunden werden können. Aus heutiger Sicht lassen sich mindestens 4 Gruppen kindlicher rheumatischer Polyarthritis differenzieren: (a) die zumeist ANA-positiven, Rheumafaktor-negativen kindlichen Formen (eo-JIA und RF– pJIA), (b) die Rheumafaktor-positive Form mit Beginn im Kindes- und Jugendalter (RF+ pJIA), (c) eine polyartikuläre Verlaufsform der sJIA ohne Symptome systemischer Inflammation, (d) die monogenetisch bedingte Polyarthritis aufgrund einer LACC1/FAMIN-Mutation. Letztere ist damit eigentlich keine rheumatische, sondern eine hereditäre Polyarthritis. Ausgehend von den ProKind-Protokollen zur Therapie der polyartikulären JIA wird das Vorgehen bei Nichterreichen der angestrebten Therapieziele erarbeitet. Dies sind neben ausführlicher Diagnostik und Dokumentation der Aktivität die Einschätzung von Komorbiditäten (z. B. Infektionen), Medikamenteninteraktionen und Problemen der „Non-Compliance“ bzw. „Non-Adherence“. Neben Maßnahmen zur Therapie einer fortbestehenden lokalen therapierefraktären Aktivität werden systemische Therapieoptionen, insbesondere die neu verfügbaren Januskinase-Inhibitoren (JAKi), diskutiert.
Off-Label-Behandlung in der Kinderrheumatologie
Authors: Klein Ariane , Horneff Gerd 
Published: December 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Einsatz von Medikamenten ohne spezifische Zulassung für Alter und/oder Indikation ist anhaltend ein alltägliches Problem in der Pädiatrie und in der Kinderrheumatologie. Einerseits fehlen Daten zu angepassten Dosierungen sowie Nebenwirkungsprofilen in der speziellen Zielgruppe, andererseits birgt die Verordnung zulasten der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen ohne eine Zulassung für die Indikation oder das entsprechende Lebensalter „off label“ die Gefahr des Regresses bzw. bei nicht gesetzlich krankenversicherten Patienten eine mangelnde Kostenübernahme. Der Artikel will diese Problematik ansprechen und Ansätze zur Lösung aufzeigen.
Catalytic Aerobic Photooxidation of Phosphines using Four-coordinated Organoboron Compounds as Photocatalysts
Authors: Xu Liang , Song Huanhuan , Tang Yingru , Wei Lanfeng , Wei Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA photooxidation approach to the conversion of phosphines into the corresponding phosphine oxides is reported. By taking advantage of O2 in the air as an oxidant and oxygen source, phosphine oxides were obtained efficiently in moderate to excellent yields. A four-coordinated organoboron compound was used as the photocatalyst to activate O2 to its singlet state. This photooxidation method features mild reaction conditions, broad functional-group tolerance, and a wide substrate scope.
Ultrasonic Deep-Plane Neck Lift
Authors: Gentile Richard D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUltrasonic deep-plane neck lift is a new approach for addressing both the subsuperficial musculoaponeurotic system and subplatysmal soft tissues during facial rejuvenation procedures. This innovative surgical approach utilizes 2.2, 2.9, and 3.7 stainless steel probes that are powered by high-frequency ultrasound. Using high-frequency ultrasound in the subcutaneous spaces has been accomplished for the past 20 years with a very suitable safety profile. In this technique, emulsification of the fat layer in both the superficial and deep planes is accomplished with tumescence of the soft tissues in the same fashion as subcutaneous liposuction. In ultrasonic deep-plane neck lift, the superficial and deep layers of fat are targeted for emulsification, and this creates a loosening of these spaces for lifting and repositioning. The procedure facilitates more accurate surgery, because the tissue effects include hemostasis and scalpel- and scissor-free undermining due to the emulsification of the fat layers of the face and neck. The other advantages of ultrasound-assisted facial contouring and rejuvenation include treatment of hard-to-treat areas like the perioral region and distal neck, which can be rapidly and safely undermined utilizing this technology. The third component of ultrasound- and energy-based facial rejuvenation surgery is the long-term remodeling and tightening that occurs beginning approximately 8 weeks after the procedure. When many conventional facelifts are beginning to fall at 3 to 4 months postoperatively, the energy-based facelifts are still tightening and this remodeling continues for up to a year after the procedure. Combining technology with conventional facelift procedures is a new approach to facial rejuvenation and is the result of 15 years of research and cooperation with the aesthetic device industry. The result of this merger of technology with conventional surgery is TESLA Facelifting, the facelift of the future.
Exploring the Case: Bread 41 Bakery: Minimizing Waste and the Food Waste Hierarchy
Authors: Dodds Rachel 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
The food industry has increasingly been criticized for negatively impacting the environment with single-use packaging, food waste and emissions. This case illustrates how a bakery and coffee shop in Ireland is leading by example to reduce food waste, single-use plastics and electricity. Students will get insights into the challenges, solutions and benefits of leading by example and realizing that sometimes difficult decisions pay off.
Bread 41 is leading the charge to inform and educate people on sustainability practices in the food service industry. This case will outline how leadership and innovation can create not only positive change but also engage customers and the media in the journey.
Fully consistent rotating black holes in the cubic Galileon theory
Authors: Grandclément P 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Configurations of rotating black holes in the cubic Galileon theory are computed by means of spectral methods. The equations are written in the

3
+
1

formalism and the coordinates are based on the maximal slicing condition and the spatial harmonic gauge. The black holes are described as apparent horizons in equilibrium. It enables the first fully consistent computation of rotating black holes in this theory. Several quantities are extracted from the solutions. In particular, the vanishing of the mass is confirmed. A link is made between that and the fact that the solutions do not obey the zeroth-law of black hole thermodynamics.
Sparsity-assisted signal decomposition via nonseparable and nonconvex penalty for bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Liao Yi , Huang Weiguo , Qiu Tianxu , Ma Juntao , Zhang Ziwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Monitoring vibration signals from a fault rotatory bearing is a commonly used technique for bearing fault diagnosis. Owing to harsh working conditions, observed signals are generally contaminated by strong background noise, which is a great challenge in extracting fault bearing signal. Sparsity-assisted signal decomposition offers an effective solution by transforming measured signals into sparse coefficients within specified domains, and reconstructing fault signals by multiplying these coefficients and overcomplete dictionaries representing the abovementioned domains. During the process, observed vibration signals tend to be decomposed, and fault components are extracted while noise is diminished. In this paper, a nonseparable and nonconvex log penalty is proposed as a regularizer for sparse-decomposition model in bearing fault diagnosis. A convexity guarantee to the sparse model is presented, so globally optimal solutions can be calculated. During the process, tunable Q-factor wavelet transform with easily setting parameters, is applied in signifying multi-objective signals with a sparse manner. Numerical examples demonstrate advantages of the proposed method over other competitors.
Optimised LightGBM-based health condition evaluation method for the functional components in CNC machine tools under strong noise background
Authors: Jia Li , Jialong He , Wanghao Shen , Cheng Ma , Jili Wang , Yuzhi He 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The accurate health condition evaluation of the functional components in computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools is an important prerequisite for predictive maintenance and fault warning. The vibration signals of the functional components in CNC machine tools often contain substantial noise, impeding the extraction of relevant health condition information from the vibration signals. This work presents an approach that leverages the variational mode decomposition (VMD) enhanced by the Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (AHA) alongside the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) optimised through particle swarm optimisation (PSO) to evaluate the health condition of the functional components in CNC machine tools amidst pervasive noise. Initially, the AHA optimised the penalty factor (α) and the decomposition layer (K) within the VMD. This optimised VMD was subsequently applied to denoise the original vibration signals. After this denoising process, PSO was employed to optimise the learning rate and maximum tree depth within LightGBM. Health condition evaluation experiments were executed on the feed system and spindle of the CNC machine tool to validate the proposed methodology. Comparative analysis indicates that the proposed method attains paramount accuracy and computational efficiency, which are crucial for accurately evaluating the health condition of the functional components in CNC machine tools.
BDS-3 RTK/UWB semi-tightly coupled integrated positioning system in harsh environments
Authors: Dai Peipei , Wang Sen , Xu Tianhe , Wang Nazi , Li Min , Xing Jianping , Gao Fan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning is a commonly used technique in modern industry, which is limited by problems such as signal occlusion, attenuation, and multipath, especially in complex urban canyons. To maintain the consistency of centimeter-level accuracy, we adopt the ultra-wideband (UWB) enhanced BDS-3 RTK positioning algorithm. This paper proposed a semi-tightly coupled (STC) BDS-3 RTK/UWB integration positioning model. This model realizes the UWB and BDS-3 complement each other and integrate information in the position domain. Besides, height constraint is imposed on UWB positioning to mitigate the effect of poor positioning of UWB in height components. To verify the effectiveness of the above algorithm, we have compared and analyzed the positioning performance of the STC BDS-3 RTK/UWB integration model and single BDS-3 RTK model in different occlusion environments. The positioning performance of static and kinematic of BDS-3 RTK/UWB STC based on different number of UWB anchors is further analyzed. The real-world experiment results show that the positioning accuracy of the proposed method can reach centimeter-level. Moreover, the proposed model can obtain more accurate positioning results than those of using single system, and it shows more obvious advantages, especially in the occlusion environment. In the occlusion environment, the root means square error in the east, north, and up directions is improved from (0.629 m, 0.325 m, 1.160 m) of the BDS-3-only to (0.075 m, 0.074 m, 0.029 m). This study can provide a reference for the future development of high-precision, real-time, continuous positioning, navigation, and timing in complex urban environments.
A dual attention mechanism network with self-attention and frequency channel attention for intelligent diagnosis of multiple rolling bearing fault types
Authors: Zhang Wenxing , Yang Jianhong , Bo Xinyu , Yang Zhenkai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Different fault types of rolling bearings correspond to different features, and classical deep learning models using a single attention mechanism (AM) have limitations in capturing feature diversity. Therefore, a novel dual attention mechanism network (DAMN) with self-attention (SA) and frequency channel attention (FCA) is proposed for rolling bearing fault diagnosis. The SA mechanism is used to capture global relationships between the input features and fault types, and the FCA mechanism applies multi-spectral attention to learn the local useful information among different input channels. The results of the ablation study on the effects of FCA blocks showed that including a proper combination of multiple frequency components is helpful in achieving higher accuracy. Experiments were conducted to diagnose rolling bearings with multiple types of faults. The results show that, compared with current fault diagnosis models, the proposed DAMN has better comprehensive performance in terms of diagnosis accuracy and model convergence speed. It was also demonstrated that the backbone of DAMN based on a dual AM could achieve better performance than the backbone based on a single AM.
Field theory of active Brownian particles in potentials
Authors: Zhang Ziluo , Fehértói-Nagy Lili , Polackova Maria , Pruessner Gunnar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The active Brownian particle (ABP) model exemplifies a wide class of active matter particles. In this work, we demonstrate how this model can be cast into a field theory in both two and three dimensions. Our aim is manifold: we wish both to extract useful features of the system, as well as to build a framework which can be used to study more complex systems involving ABPs, such as those involving interaction. Using the two-dimensional model as a template, we calculate the mean squared displacement exactly, and the one-point density in an external potential perturbatively. We show how the effective diffusion constant appears in the barometric density formula to leading order, and determine the corrections to it. We repeat the calculation in three dimensions, clearly a more challenging setup. Comparing different ways to capture the self-propulsion, we find that its perturbative treatment results in more tractable derivations without loss of exactness, where this is accessible.
Cooperative emergence of spatial public goods games with reputation discount accumulation
Authors: Tang Wei , Wang Chun , Pi Jinxiu , Yang Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To address issues like the tragedy of the commons, reputation mechanisms prove effective in promoting the emergence of cooperative behavior in social dilemmas. Previous research assumed that the increment of reputation is a fixed constant, however, the historical behavior of individuals with time preferences affects their reputation fluctuations on different scales. Inspired by this, we propose a framework for spatial public goods game that incorporates a reputation discount accumulation model with time preferences. In this model, players are classified as either long-sighted players or short-sighted players based on the significance of their historical behavior. Compared with short-sighted players, long-sighted players are more concerned with the impact of historical behaviors on the next game. Simulation results show that long-sighted cooperative players can resist the invasion of short-sighted defectors, and short-sighted defection strategies are eventually replaced by long-sighted cooperative strategies. This indicates that a higher discount factor facilitates the generation and maintenance of cooperation.
SDSS-IV from 2014 to 2016: A Detailed Demographic Comparison over Three Years
Authors: Jones Amy M. , Beaton Rachael L. , Cherinka Brian A. , Masters Karen L. , Lucatello Sara , Diamond-Stanic Aleksandar M. , Bird Sarah A. , Blanton Michael R. , Cunha Katia , Farr Emily E. , Feuillet Diane , Frinchaboy Peter M. , Hagen Alex , Kinemuchi Karen , Lundgren Britt , Marinelli Mariarosa L. , Myers Adam D. , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Ross Ashley J. , Sánchez-Gallego José R. , Schmidt Sarah J. , Sobeck Jennifer , Stassun Keivan G. , Tayar Jamie , Vargas-Magaña Mariana , Wilson J. C. , Zasowski Gail 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is one of the largest international astronomy organizations. We present demographic data based on surveys of its members from 2014, 2015 and 2016, during the fourth phase of SDSS (SDSS-IV). We find about half of SDSS-IV collaboration members were based in North America, a quarter in Europe, and the remainder in Asia and Central and South America. Overall, 26%–36% are women (from 2014 to 2016), up to 2% report non-binary genders. 11%–14% report that they are racial or ethnic minorities where they live. The fraction of women drops with seniority, and is also lower among collaboration leadership. Men in SDSS-IV were more likely to report being in a leadership role, and for the role to be funded and formally recognized. SDSS-IV collaboration members are twice as likely to have a parent with a college degree, than the general population, and are ten times more likely to have a parent with a PhD. This trend is slightly enhanced for female collaboration members. Despite this, the fraction of first generation college students is significant (31%). This fraction increased among collaboration members who are racial or ethnic minorities (40%–50%), and decreased among women (15%–25%). SDSS-IV implemented many inclusive policies and established a dedicated committee, the Committee on INclusiveness in SDSS. More than 60% of the collaboration agree that the collaboration is inclusive; however, collaboration leadership more strongly agree with this than the general membership. In this paper, we explain these results in full, including the history of inclusive efforts in SDSS-IV. We conclude with a list of suggested recommendations based on our findings, which can be used to improve equity and inclusion in large astronomical collaborations, which we argue is not only moral, but will also optimize their scientific output.
An optical encryption method based on double-threshold correspondence imaging
Authors: Sun Mingze , Bai Xing , Yu Zhan , Li Xinjia , Liu Yang , Li Yue , Zhang Jialin , Zhao Dan , Zhou Xin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An optical cryptosystem called double-threshold correspondence imaging (DTCI) encryption method is proposed. In DTCI encryption, two thresholds are used to select the larger and smaller bucket detector values, and the object image can be recovered only by averaging the speckle patterns corresponding to these selected bucket detector values. Compared with the traditional computational ghost imaging encryption, the ciphertext of DTCI encryption is a group of serial numbers rather than all bucket detector values, which not only reduces the volume of ciphertext but also enhances the security. Furthermore, the average operation replaces the second-order correlation operation in the decryption process, simplifying the decryption process and reducing the time cost. And the feasibility and high security of this method are verified by computer simulations.