bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
43.2: More Realistic Colors from Small‐Gamut Mobile Displays
Authors: Langendijk Erno H. A. , Klompenhouwer Michiel A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractNew displays, like mobile LCDs and OLEDs, usually cannot show the primary colors (Red, Green, and Blue) required by the EBU‐standard. Consequently, these displays have poor color rendition. This paper describes a relatively simple color‐mapping algorithm that improves the color rendition of such displays considerably.
45.3: Pentacene Organic Thin‐Film Transistor Integrated with Color Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystals Display (CTNLCD)
Authors: Ho Jia‐Chong , Huang Liang‐Ying , Hu Tarng‐Shiang , Hsieh Cheng‐Chung , Hwang Wen‐Kuei , Wang Yu‐Wu , Lin Wei‐Ling , Cheng Hsiang‐Yuan , Lin Tsung‐Hsien , Hsiao Ming‐Chun , Wang Yi‐Kai , Wu Po‐Sheng , Lee Cheng‐Chung 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPentacene Organic Thin‐Film Transistor (OTFT) integrated with Color Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystals Display (CTNLCD) has been developed. This display used photolithography, pentacene deposition, color filter and TNLC. In addition, we successfully develop the OTFT passivation layer process to avoid the damage of TNLC. Above these processes are integrated to manufacture the 3 inch CTNLCD panels with 64 ×128 pixels.
46.1: UV‐Stable High‐Birefringence Low‐Viscosity Isothiocyaniane Liquid Crystals and Application to 50‐μsec Response Switching Device
Authors: Gauza S. , Wen C. H. , Tan B. , Wu Y. H. , Lin Y. H. , Wu S. T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractUV stable, high birefringence and low viscosity nematic liquid crystal mixtures were developed and their properties evaluated. Our new mixtures exhibit similar birefringence but ∼3.5X lower visco‐elastic coefficient than Merck E44. In the mean time, our new mixtures show better UV stability than those cyano‐biphenyls based commercial mixtures. To make a performance of new material more visible a high birefringence and relatively low viscosity liquid crystal mixture was developed for this experiment in conjunction with the voltage overdrive and undershoot technique. We demonstrated a liquid crystal light switch with response time ∼50 μs at room temperature and λ= 633 nm Potential application for sub‐millisecond laser beam steering is emphasized.
46.2: Ag‐based Coatings with Improved Weatherability and High Reflectivity for Reflective and Transflective Displays
Authors: Specht H. , Gehlert B. , Warkentin O. , Schlott M. , Halden T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractReflective displays require corrosion resistant layers with a reflectivity of more than 90% in the visible spectral range. Several approaches have been taken to improve weatherability and corrosion resistance of reflective layers. In this study the influence of doping silver with In and Sn was investigated. Both alloys were found to perform better both in weatherability testing and in minimizing loss of reflectivity than currently applied materials. Since no precious metal is used, costs are also minimized.
47.1: A 32‐in. Integrated Hg‐free Lamp that Eliminates Problems of Backlights with Multiple Lamps
Authors: Hitzschke L. , Vollkommer F. , Bauer K. D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTo date backlight solutions for large size LCD TV's are relying on direct lights using multiple tubing systems based on mercury. Besides other drawbacks the use of Hg has to be paid off by intrinsic Hg reactions with lamp components which result in blackening and efficiency depreciation. Direct light B/L units with a large number of discharge tubes are suffering much more by that intrinsic drawback than all other known systems relying on Hg. As a consequence, it seems to be questionable whether the demand of TV application to guarantee a uniform aging over lifetime can be met. With the 32″ lamp of the new PLANON generation a breakthrough for LCD TV backlighting has been achieved. The mercury free, xenon based one‐body lamp solution delivers instant light and long lifetime. Maintenance problems and the uncertainty of an inhomogeneous appearance during lifetime as, e.g., shadowing or striping of the radiation pattern in the LCD panel area as they may reveal in mercury based systems do not arise. After the redesign of lamp and production technology of PLANON the door to a cost effective mass production with the ability for an up scaling to high volume production within short times has been opened.
47.3: Lateral Multi‐Channel Flat Discharge Fluorescent Lamp for LC‐TV Backlight
Authors: Shiga T. , Mikoshiba S. , Ko J.‐H. , Lee K. Y. , Cho S.‐H. , Choi H. T. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn experimental, 32‐in.‐diagonal Hg flat discharge fluorescent lamp was developed for an LC‐TV backlight. An electron density in the lamp is 1/20 and VUV phosphor load is 1/160 of the conventional EEFLs. With a proper lamp design, current density at the electrodes may be reduced to 1/3 of the EEFLs. These ensure longer lifetime and higher efficacy. The ignition voltage is relatively low at 700V.
48.1: LCD Motion Blur Reduction with Motion Compensated Inverse Filtering
Authors: Klompenhouwer Michiel A. , Velthoven Leo Jan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractDue to the sample‐and‐hold effect, LCDs suffer from motion blur even when the response of the panel is very fast. We present a video processing method called ‘motion compensated inverse filtering’, that allows reduction of this blur to a large extent, without modifying the display panel.
48.2: DCCII: Novel Method for Fast Response Time in PVA Mode
Authors: Song Jang‐Kun , Lee Kyung‐Eun , Chang Hak‐Sun , Hong Sang‐Mi , Jun Man‐Bok , Park Bo‐Yoon , Seomun San‐Seong , Kim Kyeong‐Hyeon , Kim Sang‐Soo 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA modified DCC (Dynamic Capacitance Compensation), DCCII has been developed for the fast response time performance in PVA TFT‐LCD TVs. DCCII applies a pre‐tilt voltage to addressed pixels during the previous frame in addition to an overshoot voltage. In result, the response time less than 8 msec, has been obtained for all moving images through the DCCII technique.
49.4: Effect of Resolution, Sharpness, Contrast and Luminance on Depth Impression and Overall Image Quality for a 2D TV
Authors: Rajae‐Joordens R. , Heynderickx I. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBased on two experiments, we investigated the effect of the attributes display resolution, sharpness, contrast and luminance on the impression of depth and overall image quality for a 2D TV. The results of the first experiment indicated that display resolution, sharpness and contrast contribute to an augmented depth impression and a better overall image quality. The second experiment focused more on the effect of luminance, and showed that, probably due to an insufficient high dynamic range of current available TV sets, it is not possible to find a brightness setting that combines optimal overall image quality with a maximal impression of depth.
51.4:Invited Paper:Modelling and Design of Polysilicon Drive Circuits for OLED Displays
Authors: Tam Simon W.‐B. , Shimoda Tatsuya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractVoltage input pixel driver circuits for low‐temperature polysilicon thin‐film transistor active‐matrix organic light emitting diode displays have been designed to give uniform display brightness in the presence of spatial variation of threshold voltages. These pixel circuits are designed for a high‐resolution and fine‐grayscale display.
10.4: High Image‐Content Zenithal Bistable Devices
Authors: Jones J. Cliff , Beldon Steve 
Published: January 2005

AbstractGrating aligned zenithal bistable LCDs offer a low cost route to ultra‐low power displays with excellent appearance. The flexibility of the grating design and embossing fabrication method allows each pixel to have several latching thresholds without extra fabrication cost. Combining this approach with a novel addressing method allows each row driver to address several lines of information. For example, this technique allows high numbers of greys to be addressed using digitally weighted spatial dither, but without the extra‐cost of additional electronic drivers.
52.1: A High Brightness Colour 160 PPI Reflective Display Technology Based on Electrowetting
Authors: Hayes R. A. , Feenstra B. J. , Camps I. G. J. , Hage L. M. , Roques‐Carmes T. , Schlangen L. J. M. , Franklin A. R. , Valdes A. F. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractElectrowetting can be used to provide the pixel engine for a reflective display. By contracting a colored oil film electrically, an optical switch with a high reflectivity (>40%) and contrast (<15) is obtained. In addition to the attractive optical properties, the principle exhibits a video‐rate response speed (∼10 ms) and has a clear route toward a high‐brightness color display [1]. Here we additionally show that the display principle is readily scalable to a pixel size of 160 μm.
53.1: Real‐time Binary Hologram Generation for High‐quality Video Projection Applications
Authors: Cable A. J. , Buckley E. , Mash P. , Lawrence N. A. , Wilkinson T. D. , Crossland W. A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPresenting visual information using binary‐phase holography has a number of advantages over conventional video projection techniques. However, acceptable image quality for video applications has yet to be realised. In addition, the computational complexity of hologram generation has precluded real‐time operation. The authors present a new approach to hologram generation and display which allows high‐quality images to be projected holographically, in real time.
55.2: Bit‐Depth‐Extension: Overcoming LCD‐Driver Limitations by Using Models of the Equivalent Input Noise of the Visual System
Authors: Daly Scott , Feng Xiao‐Fan 
Published: January 2005

AbstractContinuous tone, or “contone”, imagery usually has 24 bits/pixel as a minimum, with eight bits each for the three primaries in typical displays. However, lower‐cost displays constrain this number because of various system limitations. Conversely, higher quality displays seek to achieve 9–10 bits/pixel/color, though there may be system bottlenecks limited at 8. The two main artifacts from reduced bit‐depth are contouring and loss of amplitude detail; these can be prevented by dithering the image prior to these bit‐depth losses. Early work in this area includes Roberts’ noise modulation technique [1], Mitsa's blue noise mask [2], Tyler's technique of bit‐stealing [3], and Mulligan's use of the visual system's spatiotemporal properties for spatiotemporal dithering [4]. However, most halftoning/dithering work was primarily directed to displays at the lower end of bits/pixel (e.g., 1 bit as in halftoning) and higher ppi. We approach the problem from the higher end of bits/pixel/color, say 6‐8. Bit‐depth extension with a high starting bit‐depth (and often lower spatial resolution) changes the game substantially from halftoning experience. For example, complex algorithms like error diffusion are not needed. In addition, dynamic displays allow for the use of a temporal dithering component. This paper will report on techniques and observations made in achieving contone quality on ∼100 ppi 6 bits/pixel/color LCD displays with no visible dither patterns, noise, contours, or loss of amplitude detail at viewing distances as close as the near focus limit (∼ 120 mm).
55.3: Subpixel Rendering on Colour Matrix Displays with 2D Geometries
Authors: Messing Dean S. , Kerofsky Louis 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe resolution of colour matrix displays can be increased by rendering images using subpixel rendering, but at the cost of colour aliasing if appropriate filtering is not done. The problem has been effectively solved for the case of one‐dimensional RGB striped matrix displays by using chrominance post‐filters based on a human perceptual model. In this paper we extend this result and present a general framework for rendering on 2D subpixel geometries.
58.1: Limitation of Liquid Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulator for Holographic Three‐dimensional Displays
Authors: Wang Xinghua , Wang Bin , Bos Philip J. , Anderson James E. , Kujawinska Małgorzata , Pouch John , Miranda Felix 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn 3‐D display system based on opto‐electronic reconstruction of digitally recorded hologram, the field of view of such a system is limited by the spatial resolution of the liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) spatial light modulator (SLM) used to perform the opto‐electronic reconstruction. In this article, the spatial resolution limitation of LCOS SLM associated with fringe field effect and interpixel coupling is determined by liquid crystal director simulation and Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation. The diffraction efficiency loss associates with the imperfection in phase profile is studied with an example of opto‐electronic reconstruction of an amplitude object. A high spatial resolution LCoS SLM with wide reconstruction angle is proposed.
13.4: Cell Gap Measurements of Flexible Reflective TN‐ and STN‐ LC Cells
Authors: Valyukh S. , Osterman J. , Adås C. , Skarp K. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe propose several new methods for measuring cell gap of filled reflective LC cells on plastic substrates. Cases when plastic is anisotropic, and the LC cell consists of either one or two internal polarizers are considered. Proposed methods are well suited for both reflective and transmissive LC cells.
16.1: Robust Flexible LCDs with Paintable Technology
Authors: Vogels Joost P. A. , Klink Stephen I. , Penterman Roel , de Koning Henk , Huitema Edzer E. A. , Broer Dirk J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this article the second‐generation liquid crystal displays (LCDs) made by the Paintable LCD technology is presented. With this technology LCDs are manufactured by a sequence of simple coating and UV curing processes. Since the process can be carried out on plastic substrates and the stack of optical layers is only tens of micrometers thick, the resulting LCDs are ultra‐thin and flexible.
17.2: Highly Efficient Red Co‐Host Emitter with a New Fluorescent Dopant in Organic Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Wen Shih‐Wen , Liu Tswen Hsin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe have developed a very efficient fluorescent red dopant material for use in OLED devices. Applied in a co‐host emitting system of rubrene/Alq3 (60/40), the device showed an EL efficiency of 5.49 cd/A and 2.59 lm/W at 20 mA/cm2 and 6.7 V, with a red CIEx, y color coordinates of [0.64, 0.35], which are among the highest ever reported for a red fluorescent dopant. Its device stability is tested to be as good as that of DCJTB.
17.4: Improved Efficiency by a Fluorescent Sensitizer in Red Organic Light‐emitting Devices based on a Europium Complex
Authors: Fang Junfeng , Ma Dongge 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBy doping a fluorescent dye as sensitizer in the emissive layer, we realized high efficient red organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) based a europium complex. The OLEDs realized by this method showed pure red emission at 612 nm with a full width at half maximum of 3 nm. The maximum brightness and EL efficiency reached 2450 cd/m2 at 20 V and 9.0 cd/A (6.0 lm/w) at current density of 0.012 mA/cm2, respectively. At the brightness of 100 cd/m2, the current efficiency yet reached 4.4 cd/A.
23.1: Efficient Electron Injection from Bilayer Cathode with High Work Function Metal
Authors: Cao Yong , Wu Hongbin , Huang Fei , Mo Yueqi , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA novel bilayer cathode has been developed to variety of RGB emitting polymers to form an effective electron injector. An effective electron injection from high work function metal such as Al can be realized by incorporation of a thin layer of water‐ or alcohol‐soluble copolymer between metal and emitting layer. The device performance of polymer LEDs fabricated with such bilayer cathodes can be enhanced to levels comparable to or even higher than that obtained by using Ca and Ba cathode.
23.4: Photoemission Investigation of Cesium‐Doped tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) and the Effect of Dopant Diffusion
Authors: Gerenser Louis J. , Fellinger Paul R. , Tang Ching W. , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe chemical and electronic effects of Cs‐doped Alq3 have been investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). XPS reveals the formation of a new nitrogen species shifted to lower binding energy that increases in intensity as a function of Cs doping. UPS reveals the formation of a new gap state in the previously forbidden band gap of Alq3 after Cs doping. Both results are consistent with the formation of a Cs‐Alq3 charge‐transfer complex. The thermal stability of the charge‐transfer complex was also evaluated using angle‐resolved XPS (ARXPS). The XPS data suggests that one Cs atom attached to an Alq3 molecule is thermally stable, but the addition of a second or third Cs atom to an Alq3 molecule produces a thermally unstable complex. OLED device data also confirms the thermal instability of the Cs‐Alq3 complex.
24.4: New Type of Optical Filter for PDP TV with Improved Durability
Authors: Zagdoun G. , Heitz T. , Talpaert X. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new PDP filter structure with outstanding durability is obtained by combining a hard Anti‐Reflection coating on glass with a special polyvinyl butyral foil that includes visible and IR‐cut pigments. It can be manufactured in a cost efficient way by means of a process derived from automotive windshield technology.
25.4: Micro‐Patterned Carbon Nanotube Arrays Using Pen‐Writable Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Sousa Matthew E. , Chan Christopher , Gao Yuming , Jian Kengqing , Hurt Robert , Crawford Gregory P. , Yang Nancy 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe have fabricated carbon nanofibers and nanotubes using disk‐rod assemblies of lyotropic liquid crystals in which the orientation of graphene layers can be manipulated using surface anchoring techniques common to liquid crystal displays. The bulk material properties of the graphene can be controlled by the spatial arrangement of the layers due to their anisotropic nature. We have also demonstrated a method to pattern arrays of nanotubes using an automated printing technique. Carbon nanotubes are being considered for a number of display applications.
27.2: Poly‐Si Thin‐Film Transistors Using Polysilazane‐Based Spin‐On Glass for All Dielectric Layers
Authors: Yudasaka Ichio , Tanaka Hideki , Miyasaka Masami , Inoue Satoshi , Shimoda Tatsuya 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPolycrystalline silicon thin‐film transistors (poly‐Si TFTs) with all layers of dielectric made from polysilazane‐based spin‐on glass (PS‐SOG) have been developed for the first time. The maximum annealing temperature of the PS‐SOG was at 400 °C. The electrical characteristics of poly‐Si TFTs with PS‐SOG as a gate dielectric are stable and the gate leakage current is sufficiently low. PS‐SOG is expected to realize CVD‐free deposition of dielectric layers and remarkable cost reduction of poly‐Si TFTs.
28.3: General Methodology for LCoS Panel Compensation
Authors: Chen Jianmin , Robinson Michael G. , Sharp Gary D. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA general three‐step methodology is presented to optimize contrast when compensating LCoS panels. The first step acts to compensate the in‐plane residual retardation, while the second one improves the field of view (FOV) using either MacNeille‐type or wire‐grid polarizing beamsplitters (PBS). The orientation of the LCoS panel and compensator, relative to the MacNeille PBS, are very critical to achieve good system contrast. The final step is to account for reflections from anisotropic material, which can contribute field components that appear as on‐state light, limiting contrast.
28.4: Poincare Sphere Analysis of LCOS E‐O Effects
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Bos Philip J. , Chung David B. , Grunnet‐Jepsen Anders 
Published: January 2005

AbstractLCoS imager performance depends on the liquid crystal (LC) operation mode that is being selected. In this paper we explain the design principle in an alternative way by using Poincare sphere analysis. The selection of the compensator parameters for the LC modes, which need to be compensated to get good dark state, is also discussed by using Poincare sphere analysis. We also introduce the plotting of reflectivity vs. retardation(Δnd /λ) with bright state and black state plotted on the same graph, which we found is very helpful for mode selection.
Nematic liquid‐crystal technology for Si wafer‐based reflective spatial light modulators
Authors: Lu Minhua 
Published: January 2005

Abstract—Various nematic LC modes are reviewed and compared in terms optical throughput, driving voltage, response time, contrast ratio, and spectral responses for LCoS applications. The effects of fringe‐field‐induced disclination on display performance and the mechanism of slow response of the disclination line between two topologically non‐equivalent LC states will be discussed. Issues involving flicker and photo‐instability of LCoS displays will be addressed as well.
Development of a 10.4‐in. UXGA display using low‐temperature poly‐Si technology
Authors: Hanari Jun 
Published: January 2005

Abstract—A new 10.4‐in.‐diagonal display with UXGA resolution (1600 H × 1200 V pixels) using low‐temperature polysilicon (poly‐Si) TFTs has been developed for notebook‐PC applications. The source drive technique uses integrated selector switches, which decreases the number of tape carrier packages (TCPs) for a poly‐Si TFT‐LCD and increases the connection pitch of the TCPs to the glass substrate. In this paper, we present a new display configuration and fabrication process.
Materials optimization for semiconducting polymer LEDs and FETs
Authors: van Breemen A. J. J. M. , Bastiaansen J. J. A. M. , Langeveld B. M. W. , Sweelssen J. , van Haare J. A. E. H. , Herwig P. T. , Hoekerd K. T. , Schoo H. F. M. 
Published: January 2005

Abstract—Dye‐doped semiconducting polymers are used as active layers in polymer light‐emitting diodes (polyLEDs). The emission color can be tuned by doping the active polymer with certain dyes. This concept of energy transfer is demonstrated for a green matrix doped with a red‐emitting dye, suitable for use in LEDs. An absolute PL efficiency of 39% is observed for this system. Another very attractive development is taking place in the area of all‐polymer transistors. This may lead to a (partial) replacement of the driving electronics by all‐plastic circuits. A new precursor route toward poly(thienylenevinylene)s (PTVs), suitable as active material in all‐polymer integrated circuits, is presented. Synthesis of the precursors is reproducible and fast, and can readily be scaled for manufacture. Quantitative conversion of the precursor polymer can be accomplished by heating at 150°C for 20 min. The resulting mobility (6 × 10−3 cm2/V‐sec) and ON‐OFF ratio (4 × 104) makes this material a suitable candidate for the development and large‐scale manufacturing of all‐polymer integrated circuits.
Phosphors for plasma‐display panels: Demands and achieved performance
Authors: Bechtel H. , Jüstel T. , Gläser H. , Wiechert D. U. 
Published: January 2005

Abstract—Almost two‐thirds of the discharge cells in plasma‐display panels (PDPs) are covered with phosphors. Beyond the efficient conversion of vacuum UV photons into visible light, the phosphor layer serves as a reflective mirror transporting light in the desired viewing direction. The quantum efficiency of state‐of‐the‐art PDP phosphors is, at its upper limit, 80–95%. Today's improved blue‐emitting BaMgAl10O17:Eu (BAM) phosphor still deteriorates during panel processing and operation, resulting in a loss of efficiency and color purity. A reduction in the phosphor particle size below 2 μm is suited to ease panel manufacturing and to improve light output.