bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of white jade snail secretion on antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbial diversity in mouse model of acute gastric ulcer
Authors: Cheng Qian , Wang Kaidi , Lu Rui , Xiong Yi , Luo Xianqing , Li Xian , Liu Wei , Wang Jiayu , Li Yixiang , Yan Jianhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present work, acute gastric ulcer models were constructed by administering hydrochloric acid/ethanol. The mice ingested white jade snail secretion (WJSS) through gastric infusion. Ulcer areas in gastric tissue were recorded, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also measured. Notably, high‐throughput 16S rDNA analysis of intestinal flora and determination of amino acid composition in feces were performed to understand the effect of WJSS on model mice.RESULTSCompared with the control group, the ulcer area in the WJSS low‐, medium‐ and high‐concentration groups declined by 28.02%, 39.57% and 77.85%, respectively. MDA content decreased by 24.71%, 49.58% and 64.25%, and SOD relative enzyme activity fell by 28.19%, 43.37% and 9.60%, respectively. The amounts of amino acids in the low‐, medium‐ and high‐concentration groups were slightly lower, and probiotic bacteria such as Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillales increased in different‐concentration WJSS groups. Adding WJSS contributes to the establishment of beneficial intestinal flora and the absorption of amino acids.CONCLUSIONOur results showed that WJSS has a beneficial effect on inhibiting hydrochloric acid–ethanolic gastric ulcers, suggesting that WJSS has excellent potential as a novel anti‐ulcer agent. Combined with ulcer area, MDA content, SOD content, gut probiotics and other indicators, a high concentration of WJSS had the best protective effect on acute gastric ulcer. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ultrasonography‐Derived Elasticity Estimation of Live Porcine Oral Mucosa
Authors: Yu Hsi‐Chien , Kripfgans Oliver D. , Rodriguez Amanda B. , Samal Ankita , Quesada Carole , Webber Liana P. , Mazzocco John P. , Wang I‐Ching , Woo Jaeman , Chan Hsun‐Liang 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the biomechanical properties of porcine oral tissues with in vivo ultrasonography and to compare the difference between oral alveolar mucosa and gingival tissue concerning compressional and tensile mechanical strain.Materials and MethodsSinclair minipigs (6 females and 4 males, 6 to 18 months of age) were anesthetized for ultrasonography. In vivo high‐frequency tissue harmonic ultrasound (12/24 MHz) cine‐loops were obtained while inducing mechanical tissue stress (0 to 1 N). Post‐processing strain analysis was performed in a cardiac speckle tracking software (EchoInsight®). Region of interest (ROI) was placed for gingival and alveolar mucosa tissues for longitudinal (compressional) and tensile strain analyses. A calibrated gel pad was employed to determine the absolute force (pressure) for the measured tissue strain response function. The resulting elasticity data was statistically analyzed using custom Matlab scripts.ResultsIn total, 38 sonography cine‐loops around the third premolars were included in the investigation. The longitudinal strain of alveolar mucosa was found to be significantly (P < .05) larger than that of gingiva . Across the measured force range,  ~ 1.7 × . Significant differences between alveolar mucosa and gingiva tissues were found for all forces. The tensile strain of the alveolar mucosa was found to be ~2 ×  (on the epithelial surface of the gingiva). Both were statistically significantly different for forces exceeding ~0.08 N. At depth, that is, 500 and 1000 μm below the epithelial surface, the gingiva was found to have less ability to stretch contrary to the alveolar mucosa. Gingival tissue at 500 μm depth has significantly less tensile strain than at its surface and more than at 1000 μm depth. In contrast, the tensile strain of alveolar mucosa is largely independent of depth.ConclusionUltrasonography can reveal significant differences in oral alveolar mucosal and gingival elastic properties, such as compressional and tensile strain. Under minute forces equivalent to 10 to 40 g, these differences can be observed. As dental ultrasound is a chairside, and noninvasive modality, obtaining real‐time images might soon find clinical utility as a new diagnostic tool for the objective and quantitative assessment of periodontal and peri‐implant soft tissues in clinical and research realms. As ultrasound is a safe modality with no known bioeffects, longitudinal monitoring of areas of concern would be particularly attractive.
Airway Collapsibility during Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy Relates with Clinical Features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Parekh Manan , Triantafillou Vasiliki , Keenan Brendan T. , Seay Everett G. , Thuler Eric , Schwartz Alan R. , Dedhia Raj C. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIncreased pharyngeal collapsibility leads to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Positive airway pressure titration during drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE‐PAP) provides objective collapsibility metrics, the pharyngeal opening pressure (PhOP), and active pharyngeal critical pressure (PcritA). We examined the interrelationships between risk factors of OSA, airway collapsibility measures, and clinical manifestations of the disease.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of consecutive OSA patients undergoing DISE‐PAP. Nasal PAP was increased stepwise until inspiratory flow limitation was abolished, signifying PhOP. PcritA was derived from the resulting titration pressure‐flow relationships. Clinical data including demographics, anthropometrics, sleep studies, and patient‐symptom questionnaires were obtained from the electronic medical record. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate the relationship between risk factors, airway collapsibility, and clinical data.ResultsOn average, the 164 patients meeting inclusion criteria were middle‐aged (54.2 ± 14.7 years), overweight/obese (BMI 29.9 ± 4.5 kg/m2), male (72.6%), White (79.3%) and had severe OSA (AHI 32.0 ± 20.5 events/hour). Mean PhOP was 7.5 ± 3.3 cm H2O and mean PcritA was 0.80 ± 3.70 cm H2O. Younger age (Standardized β = −0.191, p = 0.015) and higher BMI (Standardized β = 0.176, p = 0.028) were associated with higher PhOP, but not PcritA. PhOP and PcritA were both associated with AHI, supine AHI, and SpO2 nadir. Higher PhOP was associated with higher snoring scores (Standardized β = 0.246, p = 0.008), but not other patient‐reported outcomes.ConclusionObjective assessment of passive and active airway mechanics during DISE relates with clinical risk factors for OSA. Quantitative measures of collapsibility provide accessible and meaningful data, enhancing the standard sleep surgery evaluation.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1978–1985, 2024
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Long‐Term Outcomes After Pediatric Tracheostomy
Authors: Mitchell Dalia N. , Beams Dylan R. , Chorney Stephen R. , Kou Yann‐Fuu , Liu Pamila , Dabbous Helene , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo determine whether long‐term outcomes after pediatric tracheostomy are impacted by neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage.MethodsA prospective cohort of children with tracheostomies was followed at an academic pediatric hospital between 2015 and 2020. Patients were grouped into low or high socioeconomic disadvantage using their neighborhood area deprivation index (ADI). Survival and logistic regression analyses determined the relationship between ADI group, decannulation, and mortality.ResultsA total of 260 children were included with a median age at tracheostomy of 6.6 months (interquartile range [IQR], 3.9–42.3). The cohort was 53% male (N = 138), 55% White race (N = 143), and 35% Black or African American (N = 90). Tracheostomy was most frequently indicated for respiratory failure (N = 189, 73%). High neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was noted for 66% of children (N = 172) and 61% (N = 158) had severe neurocognitive disability. ADI was not associated with time to decannulation (HR = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.53–1.53) or time to death (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.49–1.72).ConclusionsNeighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage was not associated with decannulation or mortality among children with a tracheostomy. These findings suggest that long‐term outcomes after pediatric tracheostomy are less dependent on socioeconomic factors in an individual community.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:2415–2421, 2024
Cutaneous head and neck angiosarcoma: The 30‐year UCLA experience
Authors: Evans Lauran K. , Sutton Sarah , Echanique Kristen , Armaneous Michael , Palacios Victoria , Sajed Dipti , St. John Maie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous angiosarcoma is an aggressive tumor commonly found in the head and neck region. There is no consensus regarding the definitive treatment for angiosarcoma.MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review that evaluated 64 patients from 1983 to 2019. Demographic and clinical variables were examined for impact on recurrence using the time to recurrence and the overall survival in Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsAverage age at diagnosis was 71 (32–95) years, with a 2.8 male: female ratio. Surgery was utilized in 62% of patients, with mean defect size of 11.4 ± 8.1 cm. Recurrence was found in 70% of patients, and mean time to recurrence was 15.3 ± 12.3 months. Decreased recurrence was associated with use of intraoperative frozen section analysis (p = .036) and negative margins (p = .086). Two‐year overall survival was 80%, and recurrence free survival was 30%.ConclusionsNegative margins are associated with decreased recurrence, and intraoperative frozen section analysis may be considered to obtain preliminary surgical margins.Level of Evidence: 4.
Promoting end‐of‐season low‐carbon product through online retailing channel under different cooperation strategies
Authors: Wu Qunli , Xu Xinxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the cooperation strategies in an online selling low‐carbon supply chain (OSLCSC). To promote the end‐of‐season low‐carbon product, the manufacturer in OSLCSC establishes a promotional online retailing channel based on a co‐operative agency sales format. Three possible collaboration strategies are considered. We examine the final cooperative equilibrium and find that from an environmental perspective, cooperation between the retailer and manufacturer can always promote ecological benefits. But from an economic perspective, the retailer and manufacturer will cooperate when the revenue‐sharing rate is high. In contrast, the retailer and manufacturer are always an incentive to partner with the platform. Furthermore, all the OSLCSC players could achieve a Pareto optimal in the three cooperation strategies under certain conditions. Additionally, we reveal that a high revenue‐sharing rate makes the retailer more beneficial when OSLCSC players do not cooperate. Lastly, we obtain that each cooperative strategy may be the ultimate equilibrium, depending mainly on the revenue‐sharing rate and customers' evaluation ratio of the online direct sales channel over online retailing channel.
Development and benchmarking of a dose rate engine for raster‐scanned FLASH helium ions
Authors: Rank Luisa , Dogan Ozan , Kopp Benedikt , Mein Stewart , Verona‐Rinati Gianluca , Kranzer Rafael , Marinelli Marco , Mairani Andrea , Tessonnier Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy with charged particles at high dose and ultra‐high dose rate (uHDR) is a promising technique to further increase the therapeutic index of patient treatments. Dose rate is a key quantity to predict the so‐called FLASH effect at uHDR settings. However, recent works introduced varying calculation models to report dose rate, which is susceptible to the delivery method, scanning path (in active beam delivery) and beam intensity.PurposeThis work introduces an analytical dose rate calculation engine for raster scanned charged particle beams that is able to predict dose rate from the irradiation plan and recorded beam intensity. The importance of standardized dose rate calculation methods is explored here.MethodsDose is obtained with an analytical pencil beam algorithm, using pre‐calculated databases for integrated depth dose distributions and lateral penumbra. Dose rate is then calculated by combining dose information with the respective particle fluence (i.e., time information) using three dose‐rate‐calculation models (mean, instantaneous, and threshold‐based). Dose rate predictions for all three models are compared to uHDR helium ion beam (145.7 MeV/u, range in water of approximatively 14.6 cm) measurements performed at the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center (HIT) with a diamond‐detector prototype. Three scanning patterns (scanned or snake‐like) and four field sizes are used to investigate the dose rate differences.ResultsDose rate measurements were in good agreement with in‐silico generated distributions using the here introduced engine. Relative differences in dose rate were below 10% for varying depths in water, from 2.3 to 14.8 cm, as well as laterally in a near Bragg peak area. In the entrance channel of the helium ion beam, dose rates were predicted within 7% on average for varying irradiated field sizes and scanning patterns. Large differences in absolute dose rate values were observed for varying calculation methods. For raster‐scanned irradiations, the deviation between mean and threshold‐based dose rate at the investigated point was found to increase with the field size up to 63% for a 10 mm × 10 mm field, while no significant differences were observed for snake‐like scanning paths.ConclusionsThis work introduces the first dose rate calculation engine benchmarked to instantaneous dose rate, enabling dose rate predictions for physical and biophysical experiments. Dose rate is greatly affected by varying particle fluence, scanning path, and calculation method, highlighting the need for a consensus among the FLASH community on how to calculate and report dose rate in the future. The here introduced engine could help provide the necessary details for the analysis of the sparing effect and uHDR conditions.
Subcutaneous deuterated substrate administration in mice: An alternative to tail vein infusion
Authors: Song Kyu‐Ho , Ge Xia , Engelbach John A. , Thio Liu Lin , Neil Jeffrey J. , Ackerman Joseph J. H. , Garbow Joel R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTail‐vein catheterization and subsequent in‐magnet infusion is a common route of administration of deuterium (2H)‐labeled substrates in small‐animal deuterium (D) MR studies. With mice, because of the tail vein's small diameter, this procedure is challenging. It requires considerable personnel training and practice, is prone to failure, and may preclude serial studies. Motivated by the need for an alternative, the time courses for common small‐molecule deuterated substrates and downstream metabolites in brain following subcutaneous infusion were determined in mice and are presented herein.MethodsThree 2H‐labeled substrates—[6,6‐2H2]glucose, [2H3]acetate, and [3,4,4,4‐2H4]beta‐hydroxybutyrate—and 2H2O were administered to mice in‐magnet via subcutaneous catheter. Brain time courses of the substrates and downstream metabolites (and semi‐heavy water) were determined via single‐voxel DMRS.ResultsSubcutaneous catheter placement and substrate administration was readily accomplished with limited personnel training. Substrates reached pseudo‐steady state in brain within ∼30–40 min of bolus infusion. Time constants characterizing the appearance in brain of deuterated substrates or semi‐heavy water following 2H2O administration were similar (∼15 min).ConclusionAdministration of deuterated substrates via subcutaneous catheter for in vivo DMRS experiments with mice is robust, requires limited personnel training, and enables substantial dosing. It is suitable for metabolic studies where pseudo‐steady state substrate administration/accumulation is sufficient. It is particularly advantageous for serial longitudinal studies over an extended period because it avoids inevitable damage to the tail vein following multiple catheterizations.
Characterization of muscle strength and mobility in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
Authors: Brisson Jean‐Denis , Brais Bernard , Mathieu Jean , Lessard Isabelle , Gagné‐Ouellet Valérie , Côté Isabelle , Gagnon Cynthia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsMuscle weakness, and its association with mobility limitations, has received little study in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) using quantitative and standardized assessments. The objectives of this study were to (1) document upper and lower limb muscle strength, upper limb functions, fatigue, and mobility capacities; (2) compare them with reference values and across participant age groups; and (3) explore associations between muscle strength, fatigue, and mobility capacities among adults with OPMD.MethodsThirty‐four participants were included in this cross‐sectional study. The following variables were assessed: quantitative maximal isometric muscle strength, grip and pinch strength, fatigue, walking speed, walking endurance, sit‐to‐stand, and stair ascent and descent capacities.ResultsMuscle strength was lower for older than younger participants for five muscle groups (P < .05). Walking endurance, sit‐to‐stand, stairs (ascent and descent), and strength of hip flexion, grip, and pinch were below 80% of reference values in participants ≥56 y old (55.3%–78.2%). Moderate to strong correlations were found between muscle strength and mobility capacities (ρ = 0.42–0.80, P < .05), and between fatigue and either muscle strength or mobility capacities (ρ = 0.42–0.75, P < .05).DiscussionThis study highlights the impact of OPMD on strength, endurance, and functional capacity, among others, with patients being well below reference values even before the age of 65 y. In addition to helping health professionals to offer better clinical guidance, these results will improve clinical trial readiness. The next steps will be to assess the metrological properties of outcome measures and continue to document the disease progression rate.
Why reconnect to nature in times of crisis? Ecosystem contributions to the resilience and well‐being of people going back to the land in Greece
Authors: Benessaiah K. , Chan K. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Multiple crises, including climate change, ecosystem degradation, economic, political and social upheavals, severely impact people's well‐being. Ecosystem services (or nature's contributions to people) play a key role during crisis that needs to be further elucidated. Most research focusses on the material benefits that ecosystems provide in times of crisis, paying less attention to intertwined intangible, nonmaterial dimensions. Yet, these intangible ecosystem benefits are often crucial for people's resilience and well‐being in times of need.

We examine the role that nature plays for resilience and well‐being in times of crisis through a case study of Greece's back‐to‐the‐land movement during the European economic crisis. We conducted semistructured interviews with 76 households that had gone back‐to‐the‐land to understand why people sought to reconnect to nature and what their experiences were.

Our results show that reconnecting to nature provided material ecosystem benefits such as food and income often from previously undervalued ecosystems (e.g. abandoned orchards) as well as nonmaterial ecosystem benefits such as mental health, feelings of safety, calm and independence that helped people cope with the crisis and adapt and transform to new socio‐ecological contexts.

Participants reported that reconnecting to nature also changed their relational values. People mentioned gaining new perspectives, meanings and relationships with others and the natural world. While the crisis significantly affected people's material well‐being, reconnecting with nature helped people cope with crisis but also prompted a profound reevaluation of what constitutes a good life, leading to changes in their subjective and relational well‐being. This enhanced their capacity to act and plan for the future (their agency).

Overall, our research emphasizes how reconnecting to nature and its multidimensional ecosystem benefits during crises can have transformative effects on individuals' resilience, well‐being and their relationships with the environment. Our research shows that not only material benefits of ecosystem services need to be valued but also intangible, nonmaterial benefits that affect material, subjective and relational dimensions of well‐being and resilience.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Interface failure identification of argon/nitrogen double plasma modified hybrid laminated para‐aramid composites
Authors: Zhou Yuhan , Jia Lixia , Chen Zhenhong , Shi Bao , Zhang Xiayun , Han Yuefen , Li Huifeng , Yan Ruosi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work reveals the synergistic effect of argon/nitrogen double plasma alteration on the mechanical properties of para‐aramid fiber/epoxy resin composites with various laminating sequences. Acoustic emission monitored interface failure during tensile, bending and fracture testing. A comparative analysis was conducted on the bending performance of the composites modified by argon/nitrogen double plasma and single plasma. The results showed that the synergistic effect of nitrogen and high‐energy molecule argon optimized the modifying effect of argon/nitrogen double plasma. The optimal modification parameters obtained through fiber extraction testing analysis are power 200 W, time 120 s, and Ar/N2 double gas flow rate of 12 sccm. After plasma treatment, twill weave modifies better than plain weave. The AE signal amplitude of PX1 is minimized during stretching. Due to the difference in internal bending stiffness of PX2, interface delamination failure is more likely to occur. The PX5 had greater fiber and matrix debonding failure between mode‐II fracture tests due to the weak modification effect of plain weave and its difficulty in deformation. In ballistic testing, PX1 blocks impact force through fiber bundle stretching deformation, while PX4 is more brittle.Highlights
Prepare para‐aramid/epoxy resin composites with various laminating sequences.
Study on the interfacial properties of composites treated with double plasma.
The composites with different gas sources treatment were analyzed.
Acoustic emission analysis was used to identify interface failure modes.
The bonding strength between plain and plain interfaces is the lowest.
“Lifelong and life‐wide learning in various contexts: From theory to practice” special issue
Authors: Giraldo‐García Regina J. , Chang Bo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe special issue, “Lifelong and Life‐wide Learning in Various Contexts: From Theory to Practice,” includes diverse manuscripts exploring learning environments and practices that shape the educational experience of people across contexts and at different stages of their life. It gathers pieces that include theoretical conceptualizations, critical analyses, and reflective counter‐narratives, effectively capturing our theme in captivating ways. For school psychologists and administrators to have a fully informed perspective on the nature of learning and factors contributing to students' overall development, understanding, and embracing lifelong and lifewide learning is essential.