bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficits in specific executive functions manifest by severity in major depressive disorder: a comparison of antidepressant naïve inpatient, outpatient, subclinical, and healthy control groups
Authors: Malekizadeh Hossein , Saed Omid , Rashtbari Alireza , Sajjadi Mozhdeh , Ahmadi Davoud , Ronold Eivind Haga 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionPrevious research has highlighted the executive function (EF) deficits present in depressed patients; however, conflicting results exist regarding the impact of depression severity on the size of these deficits. This study aimed to compare deficits in EF between antidepressant naïve inpatient and outpatient depressed, a group with subclinical depression symptoms, and a healthy control group while controlling for education, sex, and age.MethodsIn cross-sectional research, 245 antidepressant naive participants (46 inpatient, 68 outpatient, 65 subclinical, and 67 healthy control individuals) were recruited by convenience sampling. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID-5) and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to assess depression. EF was measured using several neuropsychological tests, including the Stroop Color-Word Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the N-back Test, which assessed the components of Inhibition, Shifting, and Updating, respectively. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference between the groups in EF components (p &lt; 0.001). Pairwise comparisons further showed that inpatient and outpatient patients had more depressive symptoms and worse EF performance than subclinical and healthy control groups (p &lt; 0.05).ResultsIn the analysis of EF measures, a significant difference was found among the four groups, with post-hoc tests revealing variations in specific EF components. Overall, patients with more severe depressive symptoms show more deficits in EF. Additionally, correlations between clinical characteristics and EF measures varied across patient groups, but many correlations became non-significant after adjusting for the false discovery rate (FDR).DiscussionThis study emphasizes the impact of depression severity on deficits in the EF of depressed patients and at-risk populations. Consequently, it is important to consider executive dysfunctions as an underlying vulnerability in the development and persistence of depressive disorder.
Music for autism: a protocol for an international randomized crossover trial on music therapy for children with autism
Authors: Ruiz Marianna , Groessing Alexander , Guran Alexandrina , Koçan Asena U. , Mikus Nace , Nater Urs M. , Kouwer Karlijn , Posserud Maj-Britt , Salomon-Gimmon Maayan , Todorova Boryana , Wagner Isabella C. , Gold Christian , Silani Giorgia , Specht Karsten 
Published: October 2023

The notion of a connection between autism and music is as old as the first reported cases of autism, and music has been used as a therapeutic tool for many decades. Music therapy holds promise as an intervention for individuals with autism, harnessing their strengths in music processing to enhance communication and expression. While previous randomized controlled trials have demonstrated positive outcomes in terms of global improvement and quality of life, their reliance on psychological outcomes restricts our understanding of underlying mechanisms. This paper introduces the protocol for the Music for Autism study, a randomized crossover trial designed to investigate the effects of a 12-week music therapy intervention on a range of psychometric, neuroimaging, and biological outcomes in school-aged children with autism. The protocol builds upon previous research and aims to both replicate and expand upon findings that demonstrated improvements in social communication and functional brain connectivity following a music intervention. The primary objective of this trial is to determine whether music therapy leads to improvements in social communication and functional brain connectivity as compared to play-based therapy. In addition, secondary aims include exploring various relevant psychometric, neuroimaging, and biological outcomes. To achieve these objectives, we will enroll 80 participants aged 6–12 years in this international, assessor-blinded, crossover randomized controlled trial. Each participant will be randomly assigned to receive either music therapy or play-based therapy for a period of 12 weeks, followed by a 12-week washout period, after which they will receive the alternate intervention. Assessments will be conducted four times, before and after each intervention period. The protocol of the Music for Autism trial provides a comprehensive framework for studying the effects of music therapy on a range of multidimensional outcomes in children with autism. The findings from this trial have the potential to contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions that leverage strengths in music processing to address the complex challenges faced by individuals with autism.Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04936048.
Impact of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the mood profile of active and sedentary older adults: physical activity as a protective factor
Authors: Andrade Alexandro , D’Oliveira Anderson , dos Santos Keyla Mara , Bastos Ana Cecilia Rosatelli de Freitas , Corrado Stefano , Vilarino Guilherme Torres , Diotaiuti Pierluigi 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has changed our habits and lifestyle due to social isolation and mobility restrictions. This new scenario, together with the fear of contracting the coronavirus, influenced mental health, especially among older adults, who presented reductions in social contact and physical activity (PA). Thus, the objective of the study was to analyze the impact caused by social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on the mood states of active and sedentary older adults.MethodsThis is an observational study conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults aged over 60 years, who were registered in the database of the Secretariat for the Promotion of Citizenship from a city in southern Brazil, participated in the research. An online questionnaire was applied with questions about sociodemographic characteristics, level of PA, confinement, and mood states in two periods: May 2020 and June 2021. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare the mood states of active and inactive individuals during the pandemic.ResultsOne hundred and fifty participants answered the questionnaire, of which 80 (53.3%) reported practicing PA. More active older adults suffered fewer changes in mood when compared to inactive older adults, with lower levels of confusion (p = 0.035), depression (p = 0.002), and fatigue (p = 0.000). Older adults confined for more than 50 days were more likely to develop depression. In addition, the mood state correlated with the variable fear of contracting the coronavirus; the greater the fear, the greater the mental confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension, and the lower the vigor in the older adults. The practice of PA is also correlated with the mood state; the greater the number of hours dedicated to PA, the lower the confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension of the older adults.ConclusionThe practice of PA positively influenced the mental health of older adults during periods of isolation and social restrictions. PA has a protective factor for the development of mental health problems and improves mood states, with greater time performing PA leading to more benefits.
The synergistic effect of high temperature and ozone on the number of deaths from circulatory system diseases in Shijiazhuang, China
Authors: Fu Guiqin , Cheng Haimin , Lu Qian , Liu Huayue , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhang Xingshan 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionUrban ozone pollution in China is becoming increasingly serious. Climate warming, high temperatures, and ozone pollution all have significant impacts on human health. However, the synergistic effects of high temperatures and ozone pollution in summer on human health are rarely studied. China is at a critical stage of environmental pollution control. Assessing the health impact of high temperatures and ozone exposure on the number of deaths from circulatory diseases is of great significance for formulating ozone-related prevention and control policies.MethodsThis study uses daily data on deaths from circulatory system diseases in Shijiazhuang from June to August during the summer of 2013–2016, as well as concurrent meteorological data and concentration of O3 and PM2.5 pollution data. The generalized additive model (GAM) with Poisson distribution, smooth curve threshold effect, and saturation effect method is used to control for confounding effects.ResultsThe study evaluates the impact of short-term exposure to temperature and ozone on deaths from circulatory system diseases and the synergistic effect after controlling for confounding factors. The results show that the impact of temperature and ozone on deaths from circulatory system diseases in Shijiazhuang is nonlinear, with a temperature threshold of 27.5°C and an ozone concentration threshold of 100 μg/m3. With an increase of temperature by 1°C, the risk of deaths for total population, men and women are 6.8%, 4.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The increase in temperature and ozone concentration has a greater impact on women; in men, the increase has a lag effect of 2 to 3 days, but the lag did not affect women.DiscussionIn conclusion, high temperatures and high ozone concentration have synergistic enhancement effects on circulatory system diseases. Prevention and scientific management strategies of circulatory system diseases in high temperatures and high ozone environments should be strengthened.
Criação dos centros de treinamento de realidade virtual da Polícia Militar do Paraná
Authors: Lessi Leandro 
Published: October 2023

Nos dias de hoje, muito se discute sobre benefícios como os quais a implementação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) pode apetrechar nas corporações e no dia a dia das pessoas. Nota-se que a Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR), apesar de possuir uma gama de recursos tecnológicos, padece por falta de incorporação de ferramentas capazes de auxiliar e melhorar o trabalho dos militares estaduais. Nesta linha, a criação de Centros de Treinamento de Realidade Virtual (CTRV), sala tecnológica dotada de sistemas que conseguem projetar situações parecidas com as enfrentadas no dia a dia de trabalho, munidos de equipamentos de adaptados, poderá, ao propor cenários realistas, aprimorar as habilidades dos policiais, por meio de repetição e prática, todavia em ambiente seguro com o qual consiga treinar ilimitadamente. O objetivo deste presente artigo é analisar a relevância de se introduzir CTRV com vislumbre de aperfeiçoar o combate aos criminosos, lapidando a qualificação da tomada de decisão do policial ao situar-se em um ambiente sob pressão, com o qual deva raciocinar com rapidez, visto que ambientes virtuais conseguem simular situações reais em locais seguros. Ademais, serão estudados o proveito de tal inserção para a segurança pública, bem como para o servidor, o qual terá acesso a impressos comunicando seu desempenho, podendo assim, identificar áreas de melhoria e alinhamento de suas habilidades de forma mais eficiente. Ao longo deste artigo, objetiva-se, também, apresentar elementos que corroboram com a mencionada implantação, revelando a real melhoria não apenas dos serviços prestados à população, mas também para a destreza dos servidores, proporcionando-lhes, assim, mais resguardo e amparo para o desempenho de seus deveres. Por conseguinte, será realçada o quão a entidade e a população do estado do Paraná se beneficiará com o implemento dos CTRV. Vale evidenciar que o estudo visa à capacitação dos serviços prestados pelos militares do estado, enaltecendo, assim, o renome da Polícia Militar do Estado do Paraná. A implantação dos CTRV na PMPR, ao oportunizar o aprimoramento da tropa e suas melhores habilidades no enfrentamento de situações causadores de estresse, representa uma auspiciosa via para dualizar com os desafios da atualidade da segurança pública. A competência desses avanços tecnológicos é análise que deve-se explorar e reconhecer para poder, assim, propiciar o melhor bem-estar da sociedade e o sucesso de uma das missões institucional, qual seja: melhora frequente da qualidade dos serviços prestados ao cidadão de bem, imperativo da administração pública gerencial. Assim, a introdução de tais medidas representam um investimento indispensável rumo à excelência operacional e à exaltação da Polícia Militar do Paraná no contexto atual.
Cultura ed innovazione: una proposta per l’uniformità dei prodotti della ricerca dei tecnici di radiologia medica e delle professioni sanitarie tecniche, della riabilitazione e della prevenzione
Authors: Di Trapani Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Introduzione
È in voga un nuovo paradigma operativo che individua opportunità di innovazione in tutti i procedimenti aziendali e professionali; un efficace enforcement che comincia proprio con una gestione corretta dei diritti della proprietà intellettuale. Si stanno delineando forme nuove dello sfruttamento di queste proprietà intellettuali, che superano la vision tradizionale della commercializzazione dei prodotti o servizi e che si concretizzano attraverso le licenze d’uso o per mezzo della mera alienazione dei singoli diritti.
Sono, però, ancora tante le criticità individuabili non solo per le Università e gli Enti di Ricerca ma soprattutto per le piccole e medie imprese italiane. Difficoltà che possono essere ricondotte principalmente ad una scarsa consapevolezza dell’importanza che assume la Conoscenza. La scarsità della conoscenza delle opportunità offerte è di certo alla base del perché le PMI utilizzano davvero in minima misura la proprietà intellettuale. A questo si uniscono costi che sono troppo elevati e che si riflettono sugli esiti incerti delle procedure che rimangono ancora eccessivamente complesse. Alla tradizionale impostazione che vedeva i diritti di proprietà intellettuale concepiti per lo più come entità separate deve necessariamente svilupparsi una nuova impostazione che concepisca i diritti delle proprietà intellettuale come entità collegate ed completamente interdipendenti.
Le trasformazioni in corso nel mondo produttivo richiedono, quindi, un cambio radicale di strategia: occorrono strumenti nuovi più flessibili ed in grado di adattarsi al contesto aperto e dinamico venutosi a creare attraverso la quarta rivoluzione industriale. Una visione nuova che può concretizzarsi solo nel passaggio verso professionisti in grado di rilanciare proprio l’attività di protezione intellettuale. Il problema principale, quindi, delle start-up innovative è, però, rintracciabile nei costi da sostenere nelle fasi iniziali di accelerazione e di sviluppo del prodotto. Entrare nel mercato senza un minimo di tutela non è per niente consigliabile. Per convertire gli asset intangibili in proprietà intellettuale, creando valore, è oggi più che mai indispensabile avviare un sistema di Innovation Plan al fine di evitare di disperdere risorse magari massimizzando proprio il valore del capitale intellettuale.
Il diritto alla salute degli stranieri: strumenti di tutela alla luce della normativa nazionale ed internazionale
Authors: Allocca Roberta 
Published: October 2023

Il presente lavoro vuole affrontare ed analizzare il tema del diritto alla salute degli stranieri, trattato alla luce delle convenzioni internazionali che ne regolamentano gli aspetti salienti, e dell’evoluzione normativa nazionale che definisce l’insieme degli obblighi e delle procedure previsti in Italia per poter esercitare tale diritto, in un percorso analitico trasversale che delinea un assetto normativo multidimensionale. Si vuole tentare di fornire uno sguardo ragionato sulla condizione del diritto alla salute della popolazione immigrata presente nel nostro Paese, sugli strumenti che tutelano il diritto alla salute di queste persone e le modalità con cui vengono applicati nella prassi operativa.
This work aims to address and analyze the issue of foreigners' right to health, treated in the light of the international conventions that regulate the salient aspects, and of the evolution of national legislation that defines the set of obligations and procedures envisaged in Italy in order to exercise this right, in a transversal analytical path that outlines a multidimensional regulatory framework. We want to provide a reasoned look at the condition of the right to health of the immigrant population in our country, on the tools that protect these people's right to health and the ways in which they are applied in operational practice.
Sports medicine in disabilities
Authors: Ripari Patrizio , Di Giacinto Gabriella , Di Sante Gianluca , Barassi Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

Daily physical activity is beneficial for all people and teenagers. For people with physical and sensorineural disabilities, similar recommendations regarding physical activity must be taken into account. We hoped that the results of this contribution will promote our understanding of factors that influence physical activity levels and, in turn, inform about interventions to minimize inactivity. Therefore, the purpose of this contribution is to examine the scientific literature to consider physical activity levels in sensorineural disabilities, observing how physical activity levels were measured and examining the reported factors that influenced the indications of the sports physician.
Communication Of Environmental Risk
Authors: Del Fabbro Alex 
Published: October 2023

Risk communication plays a key role in crisis management; as such, this paper aims to investigate the issue in the context of public debate linked to a specific case study. The case considered here is that of overflows at the outflow the sewage treatment plant of the city of Lignano and the discovery of contaminated shellfish in the lagoons of Grado and Marano between 1 February 2017 and 30 June 2019. The survey is structured through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the media coverage content with a focus on the actual institutional control and monitoring activity in the affected region. Three of the main figures involved in the case were also interviewed in support of this investigation. The results confirm greater interest on the part of mass media in events capable of generating controversy with multiple exchanges between the parties involved.Within the media arena, there is a proactive behaviour by the local political sources that have, indeed, guided the debate with respect to the institutions, and the competent authorities that have taken a passive stance. This choice did not favour the formation of a suitable risk perception on the part of citizens, because, since they were not exhaustive in responding to the concerns expressed by the population, inevitably the institutions have created an environment in which the trust placed in them by the people may be undermined. An example is given by the focus on the control and monitoring activities of ARPA [regional environmental regulatory agency] that shows a considerable presence in the field with over five thousand samples aimed at protecting the environment and public health; however, this Agency was widely attacked in the media as these activities were not made clear in the subsequent debate. It is therefore essential to carry out interventions in which the processes of listening to and the participation of citizens play a central role. Paying attention to and understanding the public’s concerns about the dangers to health and the environment are essential aspects of risk communication in which public bodies and institutions in Italy should invest more, thus also optimising the aspects of risk management related to communication itself and, at the same time, guaranteeing citizens the right to information. Some statements made during the interviews, as well as certain activities undertaken by the competent authorities, therefore seem to be a good omen for the future insofar as greater investment in institutional communication will surely allow for an improvement both in the relationship of trust with the population and risk management. The improvement in the latter will also improve all the economic aspects related to the acceptability of the risks themselves that, at this point in history, represent the basis for a country’s growth.
Cardiac CT: State of the art and future scenarios
Authors: Gibilaro Gerlando 
Published: October 2023

Computed tomography of the heart (CCT) has become an effective tool in different clinical contexts.
The development of the technology has led to a progressive expansion of the indications with a concomitant reduction of the radiation dose necessary for the execution of the investigation.Computed tomography (CT) is, in fact, destined to consolidate as a pillar of cardiovascular diagnostics for a number of practical reasons.
These include the robustness and reproducibility of performance, the fairly low cost compared to magnetic resonance imaging, the great flexibility of use that puts it at the center of multifunctional diagnostic structures.
To this is added the fact that with each new generation of computed tomography devices the real and potentialapplications expand further