bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depthwise evaluation of total dissolved solids and arsenic from a drilled borehole near River Ravi, Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Habib Ur , Rahman Mujeeb Ur , Ahmed Saeed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Groundwater pollution is now a significant threat to the ecosystem. The untreated disposal of municipal and industrial wastes through drains into water bodies (rivers, lakes, and canals) is the primary source of contamination. The highly contaminated water harms individual health. In this study, total dissolved solids (TDS) and arsenic (As) mobilization were explored depthwise from a drilled borehole at main Raiwind Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, near River Ravi, Lahore. The concentrations of TDS and As in the aquifer indicate that the top shallow aquifer bearing high salts occurred due to local inputs of waste effluents discharged into the River Ravi. In contrast, at deep shallow aquifers, enrichment of As with elevated pH results from the geochemical oxidative dissolution process. The results showed that natural and anthropogenic activities influence groundwater throughout the depth. The TDS and As concentrations were found above the World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline values at some depth intervals, which are harmful to human health.
Epsilon-MnO2 simply prepared by redox precipitation as an efficient catalyst for ciprofloxacin degradation by activating peroxymonosulfate
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Hongbin , Zhang Guozhen , Zhou Tianhong , Min Rui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Four kinds of manganese oxides were successfully prepared by hydrothermal and redox precipitation methods, and the obtained oxides were used for CIP removal from water by activating PMS. The microstructure and surface properties of four oxides were systematically characterized. The results showed that ε-MnO2 prepared by the redox precipitation method had large surface area, low crystallinity, high surface Mn(III)/Mn(Ⅳ) ratio and the highest activation efficiency for PMS, that is, when the concentration of PMS was 0.6 g/L, 0.2 g/L ε-MnO2 could degrade 93% of CIP within 30 min. Multiple active oxygen species, such as sulfate radical, hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen, were found in CIP degradation, among which sulfate radical was the most important one. The degradation reaction mainly occurred on the surface of the catalyst, and the surface hydroxyl group played an important role in the degradation. The catalyst could be regenerated in situ through the redox reaction between Mn4+ and Mn3+. The ε-MnO2 had the advantages of simple preparation, good stability and excellent performance, which provided the potential for developing new green antibiotic removal technology.
In-vitro Antioxidant, In-vitro and In-silico Ovarian Anticancer Activity (Ovarian Cancer Cells-PA1) and Phytochemical Analysis of Cissus quadrangularis L. Ethanolic Extract
Authors: Zhao Xuejing , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Zhaohui , Velu Periyannan , Liu Runping 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Cissus quadrangularis is a valuable natural source of traditional medicines.

Objective:
An in vitro investigation was performed to determine whether the ethanolic extract
from the whole portions of C. quadrangularis had anticancer and free radical scavenging activities
against ovarian cancer cells-PA1. C. quadrangularis is a herb collected from rural areas in
Andhra Pradesh, India.

Materials and Methods:
C. quadrangularis was air-dried and crushed, and the powder and ethanol
(0.5 kg) were used in a Soxhlet device for continuous extraction. Phytochemical analysis of
the extracts was performed using a standard procedure. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic
extract of C. quadrangularis was evaluated using DPPH. An in vitro anticancer study used an
ethanolic extract against the PA1 cell line. Apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells was studied using
DAPI and carboxy-H2DCFDA staining. From LC-MS analysis, quercetin-3-O-alpha-Lrhamnopyranoside
and erucic acid were docked with the threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK) enzyme
using auto docking.

Results:
The ethanolic extract of C. quadrangularis demonstrated significant dose-dependent antioxidant
activity compared to ascorbic acid. The ethanolic extract of C. quadrangularis was found to
have high anticancer activity against ovarian cancer cell lines (PA1), with an IC50 value of 482.057 ±
113.857 μg/ml. DAPI and carboxy-H2DCFDA staining confirmed that C. quadrangularis ethanolic
extract induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells (p < .001). Molecular docking studies helped identify
the binding affinities between the protein and ligand complexes, such as Quercetin-3-O-alpha-Lrhamnopyranoside
binding sites of target proteins 5N7V (MET602, GLN672) and erucic acid 5N7V
(GLY354). Quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside was reported to bind with 5N7V by hydrogen
bonding at MET602 and GLN672 amino acids with 2.02, 2.99 Å bonding length distance and binding
affinity of -7.9 kcal/mol. Erucic acid was reported to bind with 5N7V by hydrogen bonding at
GLY354 amino acid with 3.18, 2.93 Å bonding length (Å) distance and binding affinity of -4.3
kcal/mol. The current analysis showed that the ethanolic extracts of C. quadrangularis L. exhibited
antioxidant and anticancer properties against ovarian PA1 cells.

Conclusion:
The experimental results confirmed that C. quadrangularis L. is a promising, safe
chemotherapeutic plant for ovarian cancer PA1 cells. The docking results demonstrated that
Quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside strongly binds threonine tyrosine kinase at the
MET602 and GLN672 positions. This study showed that the C. quadrangularis ethanolic extract
has Quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, which can be used as an anticancer agent.
Effects of Saikosaponin D on Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Morphological
Structure of Intestinal Cells of Cajal with Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Zeng Yi , Zhou Li , Wan Ying , Fu Ting , Xu Paidi , Zhang Hongxing , Guan Ying 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases,
with a global prevalence of 10%-30%. However, the specific pathogenesis of FD has not
yet been determined. As such, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of saikosaponin
D (SSD) administration on the apoptosis, autophagy, and morphological structure of the intestinal
cells of Cajal (ICCs) in FD.

Methods:
A rat model of FD was constructed by stimulating the rat tail with a sponge clamp at
one-third of the distal tail length. An autophagy model was constructed for ICCs using glutamate.
The apoptosis rate in each group of cells was determined using flow cytometry. The
expressions of ghrelin and substance P (SP) were detected using ELISA.

Results:
The body weight and food intake of male and female rats in the SSD group were consistently
higher than those in the model group. The SSD group showed substantial improvement
compared with the model group, with no inflammatory cell infiltration and normal gastric mucosal
structures. After intervention with SSD, the ultrastructure of the ICCs considerably improved
and was clear. Compared with the model group, the expressions of LC3 I/II, ghrelin, and SP proteins
in the SSD group were significantly upregulated, and the apoptosis rate was significantly
reduced.

Conclusion:
The administration of SSD improved ICC morphology and structure, inhibited excessive
autophagy, and improved FD, a gastrointestinal motility disorder, by regulating ghrelin
and SP levels.
Alleviation of Angiotensin II-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury
Through Long Non-coding RNA TUG1 Inhibition
Authors: Shi Lin , Li Hui , Sun Lingzhi , Tian Caijun , Li Haitao 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Hypertension damages endothelial cells, causing vascular remodelling.
It is caused by Ang II-induced endothelial cell (EC) destruction. The long noncoding RNA
(lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of endothelium homeostasis. Injured endothelium expresses
lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), which may mediate endothelial cell damage, proliferation,
apoptosis, and autophagy and contribute to cardiovascular disease. However, uncertainty
surrounds the function of lncRNA TUG1, on arterial endothelium cell damage.

Objective:
This research aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of lncRNA TUG1 in vascular
endothelial cell injury.

Method:
A microarray analysis of lncRNA human gene expression was used to identify differentially
expressed lncRNAs in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures. The viability,
apoptosis, and migration of Ang II-treated HUVECs were then evaluated. In order to investigate
the role of lncRNA TUG1 in hypertension, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and RNA-FISH
were used to examine the expression of TUG1 in SHR mice.

Results:
Ang II-activated HUVECs and SHR rats' abdominal aortas highly express the lncRNA
TUG1. LncRNA TUG1 knockdown in HUVECs could increase cell viability, reduce apoptosis,
and produce inflammatory factors. In SHR rat abdominal aortas, lncRNA TUG1 knockdown
promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. HE spotting showed that lncRNA TUG1 knockdown
improved SHR rats' abdominal aorta shape. lncRNA TUG1 knockdown promotes miR-9-
5p, which inhibits CXCR4 following transcription. The lncRNA TUG1/miR-9-5p/CXCR4 axis
and vascular cell injury were also examined. MiR-9-5p silencing or CXCR4 overexpression lowered
cell survival, apoptosis, and lncRNA TUG1-induced IL-6 and NO expression.

Conclusion:
lncRNA TUG1 suppression could reduce Ang II-induced endothelial cell damage
by regulating and targeting miR-9-5p to limit CXCR4 expression and open new vascular disease
research pathways.
HDAC9 as a Privileged Target: Reviewing its Role in Different Diseases
and Structure-activity Relationships (SARs) of its Inhibitors
Authors: Das Totan , Khatun Samima , Jha Tarun , Gayen Shovanlal 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
HDAC9 is a histone deacetylase enzyme belonging to the class IIa of HDACs which catalyses
histone deacetylation. HDAC9 inhibit cell proliferation by repairing DNA, arresting the cell
cycle, inducing apoptosis, and altering genetic expression. HDAC9 plays a significant part in human
physiological system and are involved in various type of diseases like cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis
and CVD, autoimmune response, inflammatory disease, osteoporosis and liver fibrosis. This review
discusses the role of HDAC9 in different diseases and structure-activity relationships (SARs)
of various hydroxamate and non-hydroxamate-based inhibitors. SAR of compounds containing several
scaffolds have been discussed in detail. Moreover, structural requirements regarding the various
components of HDAC9 inhibitor (cap group, linker and zinc-binding group) has been highlighted in
this review. Though, HDAC9 is a promising target for the treatment of a number of diseases including
cancer, a very few research are available. Thus, this review may provide useful information for
designing novel HDAC9 inhibitors to fight against different diseases in the future.
Insight into Structure-Activity Relationship of New Compounds for Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Li Lu , Zhang Qiangsheng 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Breast cancer has always been a vicious disease that threatens female
health. Although the existing surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and kinase-targeted drugs
have achieved certain effects, there are still many shortcomings. Novel compounds used to treat
breast cancer, particularly TNBC, are eagerly being discovered.

Methods:
More than 100 novel compounds that show anti-breast cancer growth were compiled
from public databases. The compound design strategies, structure-activity relationship research,
and activity evaluation methods have also been reviewed.

Results:
These novel anti-breast cancer compounds can be divided into mechanisms of action: kinase
inhibitors, epigenetic inhibitors, dual inhibitors, degraders, metal complexes, etc. The design
strategies mainly include conformational constraint, scaffold-hopping, merging key pharmacophores,
etc. Structure-activity relationship studies of these new compounds mainly focus on increasing
activity, improving selectivity, increasing membrane permeability, reducing toxicity, improving
pharmacokinetic properties, etc.

Conclusion:
Through the structural optimization of kinase inhibitors, microtubule-targeted drugs,
and metal complexes, it is expected to obtain more advantageous breast cancer treatment drugs. It
cannot be ignored that epigenetic inhibitors, dual inhibitors and degraders may bring new breast
cancer treatment strategies.
An Updated Overview of Synthetic α-glucosidase Inhibitors: Chemistry and Bioactivities
Authors: Cai Yong-Si , Xie Hong-Xu , Zhang Jin-He , Li Yue , Zhang Juan , Wang Kai-Ming , Jiang Cheng-Shi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical global health issue, affecting nearly half a billion people worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate and mortality. Type 2 diabetes is caused by the body's inability to effectively use insulin, and approximately 95% of patients have type 2 diabetes. α-glucosidase has emerged as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the past years, three α-glucosidase inhibitors have been approved for clinical use, namely acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol. However, the undesirable effects associated with these carbohydrate mimic-based α-glucosidase inhibitors have limited their clinical applications. Consequently, researchers have shifted their focus towards the development of non-carbohydrate mimic α-glucosidase inhibitors that can safely and effectively manage postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Herein, this article provides an overview of the synthetic α-glucosidase inhibitors, particularly those based on heterocycles, which have been reported from 2018 to 2022. This article aims to provide useful information for medicinal chemists in further developing clinically available anti-type 2 diabetes drugs.
Thymol-based Dual Chemosensor for Optical Detection of Cu2+ and
Pb2+ ions and Evaluation of its Toxicity Against Plant Growth Promoting
Rhizobacteria
Authors: Kaur Ramneet , Gaba Jyoti , Kumari Suman , Midha Ruhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Thymol is a naturally occurring monoterpenoid phenol, and its derivatives may emerge as
eco-friendly materials for the development of chemosensing probes. To prepare a non-toxic chemosensing
probe based on thymol moiety for the detection of metal ions.

:
A chemosensor (TPC) based on thymol was afforded by the reaction of thymol and piperidine in
methanol. The structure elucidation of TPC was carried out with UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and
FT-IR analysis. The chemosensing properties of the synthesized probe were determined with UVvisible
spectroscopy, and further, it was exploited for the determination of the concentration of Cu2+
and Pb2+ ions in spiked tap water samples. The toxicity studies of the chemosensing probe were conducted
against the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), i.e., Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas
sp., and Azospirillum sp. The absorption spectrum of TPC showed a band at 277 nm. The presence of
Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions induced an increase in the absorption intensity at 277 nm by 2-fold and 1.5-fold,
respectively. The binding constant for both TPC-Cu2+ and TPC-Pb2+ was calculated as 1.55 × 105 M-1
and 1.47 × 105 M-1, respectively. The respective limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification
(LOQ) for Cu2+ were 623.64 × 10-6 mol L-1 and 1889.85 × 10-6 mol L-1. For Pb2+ ions, LOD and LOQ
were calculated as 676.70 × 10-6 mol L-1 and 2050.60 × 10-6 mol L-1, respectively. In spiked tap water
samples, percent recovery was observed in the range of 80.1 to 81.0 % and 80.1 to 81.9 % for Cu2+
and Pb2+ ions, respectively. Toxicity studies of the synthesized probe inferred that TPC was non-toxic
against the tested PGPR at all the tested concentrations. In this work, we have synthesized a thymolbased
chemosensor, which has been evaluated as a non-toxic sensor for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions.
Effects of Vitamins E and D on Mechanical Properties of Breast Cancerous Cells
Authors: Jarahi Khameneh Armin , Milani Dornaz , Babaei Nasibeh , Hannani Negin , Heydarian Ashkan , Sahbafar Hossein 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Several investigations have demonstrated that vitamins can treat or prevent
cancer by altering actin filaments and inhibiting cell migration and proliferation. Vitamins D and E
are fat-soluble. This research aims to determine the short-term impact of vitamin D and E on the mechanical
properties of breast cancer cells before comparing them with normal breast cells.

Methods:
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the deformation of MCF-10 normal
breast cells, MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with 0.03 μM vitamin
D and 16 μM vitamin E solutions. Young's modulus was calculated employing the Hertz model to
determine cell stiffness.

Results:
The Young's modulus of vitamin D-treated cancer cells (585.8 Pa) was substantially similar
to that of normal cells (455.6 Pa). Nevertheless, vitamin E treatment did not affect Young's modulus
of cancer cells, which remained remarkably similar to that of untreated cancer cells (216.6 and 203.4
Pa, respectively).

Conclusion:
Unlike vitamin E, vitamin D enhances the stiffness of tumor cells and makes their mechanical
properties similar to normal cells by interfering with actin filaments and cell skeletons,
which may inhibit tumor cell migration. Based on these findings, vitamin D appears to be an effective
drug for cancer treatment.
Predictor Role of Intimate Domestic Violence During Pregnancy and
Mental Health in Maternal Competency with Moderating Role of Motherinfant
Attachment: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Ansarifar Faeze , Rahimzadeh Mitra , Keshavarz Maryam , Babaheidari Touran Bahrami , Saeieh Sara Esmaelzadeh 
Published: October 2023

Introduction:
Intimate domestic violence causes psychological consequences in pregnancy and maternal competency. We aimed to assess the effect of domestic violence on mental
health and maternal competency with the moderating role of mother-infant attachment behavior.

Methods:
This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 254 primiparous mothers in the
third trimester of pregnancy referring to selected health centers in Qazvin province, Iran. Data collection tools were questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS and Smart Partial Lease Square3
software.

Results:
The results of the structural equations model showed that domestic violence has a positive and significant effect on mental health disorders (β = 0.87). Mental health disorder has a negative and significant effect on parental acceptance (β = -0.55). Domestic violence has a negative
and significant effect on mother-infant attachment behavior (β = -0.83), also mother-infant attachment behavior is a moderator of the relationship between pregnancy violence and maternal competency (T-value = 3.17).

Conclusion:
The results revealed that domestic violence during pregnancy affects the mental
health of pregnant mothers and maternal competency and mother-infant attachment behavior moderates this relationship. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers facing domestic violence be
identified and receive psychological support and counseling, and also improve maternal competence and mother-infant attachment behavior in mothers exposed to violence.
Optimal Weight-based Dosing of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
among Overweight and Obese Patients
Authors: Heidari Shima , Shahrami Bita , Sadeghi Kourosh 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), as an expensive medication under a national
shortage, has been widely used for the treatment of several autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency
syndromes. Although conducting studies on therapeutic indications of IVIG has increased
significantly, a limited number of researches have investigated individualized dosing in terms of the drug,
disease state, and some patient-specific factors like obesity.

Objective:
The objective of the review was to describe the impact of various weight-based dosing regimens
on the pharmacokinetics parameters, efficacy, safety, and cost of IVIG and to choose the best dosing
approach for obese patients.

Methods and Results:
Thirteen of the total 128 manuscripts collected, reviewed, and analyzed were
found from Scopus, PubMed, and Google scholar.

Discussion:
The evidence suggests that obesity may have an impact on IVIG pharmacokinetics, safety,
and efficacy.

Conclusion:
The logical approach is to initial the dose based on the ideal or adjusted body weight and
then modify the maintenance dose according to the patient's clinical response.
Progress in Zero-gravity Unloading Test and System Research of Solar
Wing
Authors: Hou Zemiao , Li Qiu , Wu Yuemin , Yu Qiang , Liang Hongfei 
Published: October 2023

Aim:
The solar wing undertakes the important task of providing energy for spacecraft.
The deployment test of the solar wing in a zero gravity environment using a zero gravity system
on the ground is an important link to ensure the safe and stable deployment of the solar wing in
space. This article briefly describes the development process and research progress of solar wings,
introduces the ground zero gravity test methods and test platforms for solar wings, including some
patents for improving the ground zero gravity test platform for solar wings, and points out some
urgent problems that need to be solved in the zero gravity unloading test and system at present.

Background:
The solar wing needs to be deployed in the weightlessness environment of space
before working.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to summarize the zero gravity experimental methods and
systems of solar wings, introduce their categories, characteristics, and development.

Methods:
This article summarizes various scientific research achievements in the zero gravity test
of solar wings, and introduces the advantages and disadvantages of the zero gravity test method of
solar wings.

Conclusion:
Although research on zero-gravity unloading test systems for solar wings is continuously advancing, there are still several technological bottlenecks that need to be overcome in
terms of system precision, payload capacity, dynamic simulation, method optimization, diversifying zero-gravity test methods and system universality for different types of solar panel unloading.