bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining otolith chemistry and genetics to infer the population structure of yellow snapperLutjanus argentiventris
Authors: Cavole Leticia Maria , Munguia‐Vega Adrian , Miller Jessica A. , Salinas‐de‐León Pelayo , Marin Jarrin Jose R. , Johnson Andrew Frederick , Rastoin‐Laplane Etienne , Giron‐Nava Alfredo , Aburto‐Oropeza Octavio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeveloping a metapopulation framework contributes to the understanding of spatial processes and structures in populations, providing basic information for conservation biology. However, the extent to which the metapopulation structure differs geographically and across life history stages is unexplored for most fishes. Here, we compared the population structure and connectivity patterns of juvenile yellow snapperLutjanus argentiventrisin mangroves of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. In both the Gulf of California and Galápagos, these fish experience an array of environmental and oceanographic conditions that produce unique otolith microchemistry signatures and genetic population structures. In the Galápagos Archipelago, we used otolith microchemistry and microsatellite DNA, while for the Gulf of California, we only used otolith microchemistry. We observed relatively small differences in the otolith microchemistry at the ecoregion spatial scale (10–100 km2) for the Galápagos and the Gulf of California (classification accuracy of 57% and 64%, respectively). At the finer mangrove spatial scale (~1 km2), we found larger differences in the otolith microchemistry among the Gulf of California mangroves (classification accuracy ~90%) than in Galápagos (classification accuracy ~24%), potentially related to a stronger environmental gradient in the former. Based on otoliths, 75% of juveniles were migrants among mangroves in the Galápagos, in contrast to only around 10% of juveniles being migrants among the Gulf of California mangroves, suggesting a metapopulation structure characterized by high rates of self‐recruitment for snappers in the Gulf of California. For Galápagos, both otolith microchemistry and genetics supported the presence of a source–sink metapopulation structure for the yellow snapper, with high levels of connectivity in mangroves within the Eastern and Western ecoregions (FST = 0.003,p < 0.05). By combining tools that assess connectivity at multiple timescales (microchemistry and genetics) at different life stages and ecosystems, we provide a more complete elucidation of metapopulation structure forL. argentiventris. The approach employed here can be applied to other tropical fishes with broad distribution ranges and ontogenetic changes across complex habitats such as mangroves, seagrasses, and coral reefs.
Party politics and the shaping of migration policy in the Council of Ministers
Authors: Fink Simon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Council of Ministers is still the European Union's decision‐making center in migration policy. However, we know little about the determinants of member state's policy positions. This article tests three hypotheses: member state positions might be influenced by socioeconomic conditions, by public opinion, or by partisan preferences. We conduct a quantitative analysis of two legislative proposals at the intersection of migration and welfare policy (the returns directive, COD/2005/167 and the social security regulation, 2016/0397/COD) using member state positions as the dependent variable. The result is that different factors are important for positioning on the two proposals: member state positions on the returns directive are correlated with public opinion, while their positions on the social security regulation are correlated with party positions, especially the position of the economically rightmost coalition partner. Thus, our study takes issue with the argument that migration politics in the Council are disconnected from the domestic arena.
Manipulating calcium homeostasis with nanoplatforms for enhanced cancer therapy
Authors: Feng Yanlin , Wang Jianlin , Cao Jimin , Cao Fangfang , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCalcium ions (Ca2+) are indispensable and versatile metal ions that play a pivotal role in regulating cell metabolism, encompassing cell survival, proliferation, migration, and gene expression. Aberrant Ca2+ levels are frequently linked to cell dysfunction and a variety of pathological conditions. Therefore, it is essential to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis to coordinate body function. Disrupting the balance of Ca2+ levels has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for various diseases, and there has been extensive research on integrating this approach into nanoplatforms. In this review, the current nanoplatforms that regulate Ca2+ homeostasis for cancer therapy are first discussed, including both direct and indirect approaches to manage Ca2+ overload or inhibit Ca2+ signalling. Then, the applications of these nanoplatforms in targeting different cells to regulate their Ca2+ homeostasis for achieving therapeutic effects in cancer treatment are systematically introduced, including tumour cells and immune cells. Finally, perspectives on the further development of nanoplatforms for regulating Ca2+ homeostasis, identifying scientific limitations and future directions for exploitation are offered.
Preparation and characterization of bioactive binary composite film based on gelatin–dextran incorporated with citronellal and α‐tocopherol
Authors: Yue Chenlinrui , Fan Fengjiao , Chen Yinji , Fang Yong , Xie Hongkai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBiodegradable active packaging films with antimicrobial and antioxidant functions have received much attention due to the food safety and plastic pollution issues. This study prepared and characterized a novel bioactive binary composite film based on gelatin (Ge) and dextran (Dx) incorporated with various concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, w/w) of citronellal (Cit) and α‐tocopherol (Toc). The thickness, L*, b*, total color difference, water contact angle, opacity, and crystallinity of film significantly increased, whereas the film solubility, swelling degree, water vapor permeability, tensile strength, elongation at break, and a* of film significantly decreased with the increase of Cit and Toc concentrations. However, the addition of Cit and Toc had no significant effect on the film's moisture content and thermal stability. Fourier transforms infrared spectral pattern indicated that physical interactions (H‐bonding) between biopolymer matrix and active fillers were formed. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the film added with active fillers had a rough surface and a spongelike cross‐section structure compared to control film. Moreover, the release curves of Cit and Toc showed that the film in 95% ethanol solution had the longest release time. Furthermore, the film added with Cit and Toc effectively inhibited the growth of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria (Shewanella putrefaciens and Escherichia coli) and quenched the free radicals (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid)). Overall, it can be inferred that the Ge–Dx‐based composite film incorporated with Cit and Toc is a potential antibacterial and antioxidant biodegradable material for food packaging applications to maintain food quality.
Evaluation of food insecurity and associated factors in women of childbearing age: A community‐based study from Turkey
Authors: Aytekin Sahin Gizem , Mengi Celik Ozge 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFood security is an important factor in ensuring a healthy diet. However, it has been reported that women are more vulnerable to food insecurity than men in many countries. In addition, there is little evidence that Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence is associated with a lower risk of food insecurity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate food insecurity and associated factors in women of childbearing age. In addition, women's adherence to MD and its relationship with food insecurity were evaluated. This descriptive and cross‐sectional study was conducted with 2675 adult women aged 18–49. The demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, nutritional habits, compliance with the MD, and the level of food insecurity were evaluated using the structured, self‐administered, web‐based questionnaire form. The mean age of the individuals was 29.5 ± 10.35 years. 21.6% of individuals had food insecurity, and 5.2% had severe food insecurity. 36.4% of the individuals adhere to the MD. There was a statistically significant difference between the individuals with and without food security regarding age, marital status, and income status (p < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the Mediterranean diet adherence score (MEDAS) and MEDAS classification between individuals with and without food security (p > .05). It was determined that age, marital status, and income status affected food insecurity (R2 = 0.374; p < .001). Also, it was determined that age, number of main meals and snacks, and income status affected adherence to MD (R2 = 0.286; p < .001). In conclusion, considering the fragility of women in food insecurity, more comprehensive studies should be conducted in this area to better define the factors associated with food insecurity in women and inform policymakers. In addition, the results of this study can shed light on comprehensive intervention studies in this area.
Discontinuation of benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs in hospitalised population at the age of 60 and above. An open‐label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kosto Amit , Lev Danielle , Reiss Nadav , Meged‐Book Tehilah , Press Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreating insomnia with hypnotic drugs in elderly patients has many adverse effects. This study aims to assess the effect of two discontinuation methods of hypnotic drugs during acute hospitalization.MethodsWe conducted an open‐label randomized controlled trial that included participants aged 60 and above taking benzodiazepines or Z‐Drugs for at least 3 months as a treatment for insomnia and were admitted to the hospital. In the prospective arm, patients were randomly assigned into two intervention groups. In the Minimal Intervention (MI) group, patients received an explanation of the dangers of long‐term treatment and a recommendation to stop the treatment. In the Tapering Down Intervention (TDI) group, in addition to the explanation, patients received a tapering down table. In the retrospective arm (control group), we examined the use of hypnotic drugs among hospitalized patients 3 months after hospitalization, similar to the patients in the prospective arm.Results46 patients were enrolled in the MI group, 55 patients in the TDI group, and 114 patients in the control group. The mean age in the three groups was 75.0 ± 8.2, 75.9 ± 9.0, and 75.0 ± 7.9 years respectively (p = 0.85). After 3 months, seven (15.2%) of the patients in the MI group, 15 (27.3%) in the TD group, and 2 (1.8%) in the control group (p = 0.00003) were weaned from the hypnotic drugs treatment, without a significant difference between the intervention groups (p = 0.221).ConclusionsA short intervention during hospitalization results in a significant decrease in hypnotic drug use.
Association between subclinical epileptiform discharge and the behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's dementia
Authors: Yeh Wei‐Chih , Hsu Chung‐Yao , Li Kuan‐Ying , Chien Ching‐Fang , Huang Ling‐Chun , Yang Yuan‐Han 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesBehavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are highly prevalent in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing burdens on caregivers. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and subclinical epileptiform discharge (SED) increased with the disease course of AD. However, the interaction between them was still unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the associations between SED and BPSD.Methods/DesignPatients with AD from Kaohsiung Municipal Ta‐tung Hospital were included in this study. International 10–20 system scalp electroencephalography (EEG) for 13 min was performed to detect SED. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia was assessed by neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) questionnaires. The occurrence of BPSD subsyndromes was compared between patients with and without SED.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐three adult patients qualified for the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients was 80.2 years, and approximately 62% were women. 17.1% of patients showed SED on EEG. Apathy was the most commonly reported BPSD subsyndrome in this cohort. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of BPSD between patients with and without SED. (75.6% vs. 67.4%, p = 0.2806). However, the NPI score of irritability subsyndrome was significantly higher in the SED (+) group (2.6 ± 3.7 vs. 1.2 ± 2.7, p = 0.0028). In addition, subclinical epileptiform discharge in the frontal lobe was associated with a considerably higher occurrence of hyperactivity subsyndrome, including irritability.ConclusionsSED may not be a direct cause of BPSD, but the presence of SED may affect the manifestation of BPSD.
Operator visual attention allocation prediction in a robotic arm teleoperation interface
Authors: An Yueqi , Zhang Cong , Jiang Changhua , Zhan Wenhao , Niu Jianwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn digital interactive interfaces with high visual workloads, it is important for operators to allocate their limited attentional resources appropriately to ensure efficient information collection. The salience, effort, expectancy, value (SEEV) model, which combines top‐down and bottom‐up attention mechanisms for predicting attention allocation, has been validated in research areas such as piloting, driving, and surgical operations. However, the validity of the SEEV model in the field of robotic arm teleoperation has not yet been thoroughly studied. The primary purpose of this study was to confirm the feasibility of the SEEV model for operator visual attention allocation prediction in a robotic arm teleoperation scenario. The improved ITTI algorithm, distance‐measuring tool, Delphi method, and lowest ordinal algorithm were adopted to qualify the four factors of the SEEV model, which also contributed to salience and expectancy quantification methods. Accordingly, an attention allocation prediction model in a robotic arm teleoperation scene was constructed. To verify the validity of the prediction model, 20 participants were recruited to control the robotic arm using V‐REP simulation software, and their fixation durations were recorded using an eye tracker as an attention allocation indicator. Participants controlled the robotic arm according to the experimental requirements and operational tasks, such as grasping and placing the target. The results demonstrated that the theoretical data based on the SEEV prediction model are significantly related to the proportion of fixation durations. The experiment verifies the suitability of the SEEV prediction model, and it is anticipated to be utilized in the optimization of interactive interfaces for robotic arm teleoperation.
Domestic violence against Iranian women during the Covid‐19 lockdown: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gharacheh Maryam , Sadeghi Tahereh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Montazeri Simin , Jahanfar Shayesteh , Ranjbar Fahimeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDespite the fact that public health measures such as social isolation can help control the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) pandemic, these procedures may contribute to elevated levels of stress and escalate various forms of violence against women. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence and identify factors associated with domestic violence during the Covid‐19 lockdown among married women attending healthcare centers in Iran.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study, conducted between 2020 and 2021, focused on a sample of 5317 married women who sought healthcare services within urban centers across five major cities in Iran. Sampling was done through a multistage cluster method. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) were used to assess levels of violence. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent sample t‐test, Chi‐square, and multiple logistic regression) with the SPSS software version 22.ResultsDuring the Covid‐19 lockdown, psychological violence was reported by 66.7% of women (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.44%–67.98%), physical violence by 44.8% (95% CI, 43.43%–46.10%), sexual violence by 28.8% (95% CI, 27.60%–30.03%), and injury by 24.5% (95% CI, 23.39%–25.70%). The multiple logistic regression showed several significant factors associated with domestic violence. These included low levels of social support (p < 0.001), shorter duration of marriage (p < 0.001), unemployment of both women (p < 0.007) and their spouses (p < 0.001), poor economic status (p < 0.001), as well as substance abuse by the husband, including alcohol (p < 0.001) and drug abuse (p < 0.01), and smoking (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe findings highlighted the magnitude of domestic violence against women during the Covid‐19 lockdown. It is crucial to implement comprehensive strategies that encompass preventive and responsive measures to address domestic violence not only during lockdowns but also in the post‐lockdown period.
Regulation of neutrophil extracellular traps in cancer
Authors: Xia Jingxuan , Zhang Zhiyuan , Huang Yijin , Wang Yufei , Liu Guangwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular trap (NET) is one of the defense functions of neutrophils, which has a rapid ability to kill infections and is also crucial in a variety of immune‐associated diseases including infections, tumors and autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have shown that NETs are closely related to the development of tumors. The regulatory role of NETs in tumors has been of interest to researchers. In addition to awakening latent tumor cells, NETs can also promote the proliferation and development of tumor cells and their metastasis to other sites. At the same time, NETs also have the effect of inhibiting tumors. At present, there are some new advances in the impact of NETs on tumor development, which will provide a more theoretical basis for developing NET‐targeted drugs. Therefore, this review just summarized the formation process of NETs, the regulation of tumor development and the treatment methods based on NETs.
CircDLGAP4 overexpression ameliorates neuronal injury in Parkinson's disease by binding to EIF4A3 and increasing HMGA2 expression
Authors: Bao Haiping , Zhang Qiang , Li Yu , Nie Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease, and its prevalence increases steadily with age. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in various neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we aimed to explore the role of circRNA DLG‐associated protein 4 (circDLGAP4) in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)‐induced neuronal injury in PD. SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with MPP+ to establish PD cell models. The levels of circDLGAP4 and high mobility group AT‐hook 2 (HMGA2) in SH‐SY5Y cells were detected. SH‐SY5Y cell viability and apoptosis were detected. The levels of inflammatory damage (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α) and oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde)‐related factors were measured. The binding of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A3 (EIF4A3) to circDLGAP4 and HMGA2 was analyzed using RNA pull‐down or RNA immunoprecipitation. The stability of HMGA2 was detected after actinomycin D treatment, and its effects on neuronal injury were tested. CircDLGAP4 expression was decreased in MPP+‐induced SH‐SY5Y cells. CircDLGAP4 upregulation restored cell activity, decreased apoptosis, and reduced inflammatory damage and oxidative stress in PD cell models. CircDLGAP4 bound to EIF4A3 to increase HMGA2 expression and stability. Silencing HMGA2 attenuated the protective effect of circDLGAP4 overexpression. Overall, circDLGAP4 upregulated HMGA2 by recruiting EIF4A3, thus increasing the mRNA stability of HMGA2 and alleviating neuronal injury in PD.
Incorporating special needs simulations into allied dental education curriculum to encourage inclusion, understanding, and empathy: A mixed method study
Authors: Reddington Amanda R , Weir Sean O 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesAllied dental practitioners increasingly encounter demands specific to treating patients with special needs and disabilities. New standards by the Commission on Dental Accreditation require dental and allied dental graduates to have didactic and skill‐based competencies to ensure awareness of and effective treatment and recommendations for these patients. This study sought to determine if adding a special needs simulation activity into allied dental students’ curriculum would increase the student's awareness of and comfort level when treating patients with special needs.MethodsThis mixed‐methods study measures student perceptions specific to the efficacy of adding special needs simulations into the allied dental program curriculum. Graduating dental assistants and dental hygienists (n = 65) participated and were paired within their cohort. Didactic instruction specific to the diagnoses of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, schizophrenia, and hearing impairment was provided. Following formal classroom instruction, pairs of students participated in simulation stations, one for each of the listed diagnoses. A pre‐/postsurvey was given to evaluate any changes in student perceptions of patients with special needs, and a Student Evaluation of Educational Quality (SEEQ) postsurvey provided to evaluate their perception of the educational activity.ResultsAll 65 participants completed the pre‐ and postsurveys for a 100% response rate, and 61 (93.8%) completed the SEEQ. SPSS software was utilized to run a Wilcoxen Signed Ranks Test to determine significance for each pre‐/postsurvey question to determine any statistically significant (p < .05) differences. Means and standard deviations were calculated for each survey item including SEEQ.There were significant differences for each question, and, overall, in participant's perceptions from the presurvey to the postsurvey. Most notable were the positive changes related to the participants' ability to relate to persons with special needs, their awareness of various special needs, and their increased knowledge of available adaptive oral health equipment.ConclusionIn conclusion, students feel better prepared to treat clients with special needs after guided instruction within their respected dental hygiene and/or dental assisting programs. The incorporation of lecture and lab content through simulated activities enhances their perceptions, confidence, and preparedness to effectively treat, accommodate, and educate special needs patient's.