bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One man’s [ɕœtː] is another man’s [kʰøð̞]
Authors: Hagel Anna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The three Continental Scandinavian languages Danish, Norwegian and
Swedish are closely related and share a large pool of Interscandinavian
cognates, but a variety of phonological differences between the languages
can obscure the lexical similarities and make spoken Interscandinavian
communication a challenge for untrained listeners. It is therefore
advantageous to know about sound correspondences, and applying sound
correspondence ‘rules’ is thought to be one of the major strategies in
Interscandinavian decoding. How speakers analyse, acquire and utilize such
phonological patterns has not been investigated so far, however – neither
theoretically nor empirically. Using example correspondences between Danish
and Swedish, the chapter illustrates how the acquisition of sound
correspondence rules could look like from a Construction Grammar
perspective, more precisely, from the perspective of Diasystematic
Construction Grammar (Höder,
2018). It models knowledge about sound correspondences as a
combination of two language-specific constructions and one cross-linguistic
language-unspecific construction capturing the equivalence relation between
the two language-specific ones. Besides specific sound correspondence
constructions, also the acquisition of more abstract constructions
presenting a generalization over several specific correspondences is
illustrated. The cognitive plausibility of sound correspondence
constructions at different levels of abstraction is discussed against the
background of an ongoing debate in the CxG community about higher-order
schemas.
Danish verb prefixes and the schematizing transitive prefix
construction
Authors: Pedersen Johan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In a constructionist approach to grammar, morphological
constructions and clausal constructions may have the same theoretical status
as argument structure constructions (e.g., Goldberg, 1995, pp. 22–23; Croft, 2001; Booij, 2010). In this chapter, the author argues
that the Danish verb prefixes be- and
for-, in addition to verbal derivation, impose a
lexeme-independent transitive argument structure construction with three
meaning variants. In a large-scale corpus study, a distributional analysis
of the prefix construction and its association with verbal base lexemes
shows that the two constructional variants have a different semantic
profile. While the potential productivity of be- and
for- constructions is restricted, authentic examples of
creative usage show that all constructional variants are partially
productive in present-day Danish.
Feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment to measure the effects of interactions with pet dogs on psychophysiological reactivity in adolescents with social anxiety
Authors: King Erin K. , Halbreich Eli D. , Anderson Eric C. , Mueller Megan K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Adolescence is a key developmental period for the onset of social anxiety, as it is a time of social transitions and stressors. Therefore, it is important to identify protective factors within the environment that can prevent and/or reduce the effects of social anxiety in addition to existing evidence-based treatments. The presence of a supportive pet dog may be one way of reducing the effects of acute social stressors for youth, but these effects have not been tested robustly in real-world settings. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess physiological responses to pet interactions in real-life scenarios among adolescents with social anxiety (
n
= 37). Results indicated that this protocol was perceived as feasible by youth participants and allowed for integration across different data streams. Participant use of a wearable sensor to collect electrodermal activity was generally successful, with an average of 12 h of data collected per participant. However, the use of a timestamp button on the sensor was not an effective strategy for data collection. These findings suggest that EMA using self-report activity diary data combined with continuous psychophysiological measurement using wearable sensors is generally a feasible person-centered approach for measuring adolescent-dog interactions in a way that maintains ecological validity.
Coercivity properties of the canonical energy in double null gauge on the 4-dimensional Schwarzschild exterior
Authors: Collingbourne Sam C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the canonical energy associated with solutions to the linearised vacuum Einstein equation on a stationary spacetime. The main result of this paper establishes, in the context of the 4-dimensional Schwarzschild exterior, a direct correspondence between the conservation law satisfied by the canonical energy and the conservation laws deduced by Holzegel for gravitational perturbations in double null gauge. Since the latter exhibit useful coercivity properties (leading to energy and pointwise boundedness statements) we obtain coercivity results for the canonical energy in the double null gauge as a corollary. More generally, the correspondence suggests a systematic way to uncover coercivity properties in the conservation laws for the canonical energy on Kerr.
Challenges in development and management of orphan drugs—a case study of Prussian blue insoluble
Authors: Sandal Nidhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Prussian blue insoluble (PB) is an antidote for decorporation of radioactive and non-radioactive isotopes of thallium and cesium. Its dosage in the form of capsules, Radiogardase-Cs, is a United States Food and Drug Administration approved formulation since 2003. In India and many other countries, this drug is not available and in case of requirement it is imported from US or Europe. The author has worked extensively to make PB capsules available in India. The drug was recently approved by the Indian drug regulatory agency, Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation and is now available commercially in India. However this drug needs special attention as it is an orphan drug with limited requirement. The post-approval phase of this drug poses a different set of challenges and the author has highlighted some key issues with probable approaches for post-approval product management.
An inter-frame motion solving method based on semantic assistance
Authors: Liu Jinyue , Wang Yiwei , Jia Xiaohui , Guo Haotian , Zhang Wenxue , Li Tiejun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lidar and camera are the two most frequently used types of sensors in the fields of autonomous driving and mobile robots. The data fusion of ontology positioning and mapping has become a popular research direction in the field of simultaneous localization and mapping. Considering the characteristics of a planar mobile robot, this paper proposes an image semantics-based method to solve the inter-frame motion of the laser point cloud to achieve the fast real-time positioning of a mobile robot. First, the image cascade network is used to convert image samples to different resolutions, and network branches of different complexity are gradually fused into the final finer semantic segmentation result. Then, through the rapid segmentation and processing of the laser point cloud data, key points and surfels are extracted. The unified framework of semantic-assisted inter-frame motion estimation is established using semantic image data and point-cloud key-feature information. Finally, the stability of feature extraction, the accuracy of motion estimation, and the efficiency measured by calculation time are verified experimentally. The experimental results show that the standard deviation of the estimated motion is less than 0.0025, and the single operation time of the whole system is about 38 ms.
Design of a progressive fault diagnosis system for hydropower units considering unknown faults
Authors: Chen Jinbao , Zheng Yang , Deng Xiaoqin , Wang Yunhe , Hu Wenqing , Xiao Zhihuai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To address the misidentification problem of signals containing unknown faults for hydropower units, a progressive fault diagnosis system is designed. Firstly, in view of the non-stationary and nonlinear vibration signals of hydropower units, the method of complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition is used to process the normal and fault vibration signal samples, and the intrinsic mode function (IMF) and residual components with different frequencies are obtained. Then the IMF energy moment is calculated and used as the feature vector. Furthermore, a classifier (IMF-K1) is constructed based on the feature vector samples of the normal vibration signals of hydropower units, fault symptom indicators, and K-means algorithm to determine whether the hydropower unit is faulty; a classifier (IMF-K2) is constructed based on the feature vector samples of the fault vibration signals of hydropower units, fault symptom indicators, and K-means algorithm to determine whether the hydropower unit has the known fault; a classifier (IMF-bidirectional long short-term memory neural network (BiLSTMNN)) is constructed to distinguish the fault type of hydropower units by combining the eigenvector samples of known fault vibration signals, fault symptom indicators, and BiLSTMNN. Finally, a progressive fault diagnosis system for hydropower units is constructed using IMF-K1, IMF-K2, and IMF-BiLSTMNN, and comparative experiments are designed using the sample data from the rotor test bench and actual hydropower unit. The results show that the designed progressive fault diagnosis system has greater effectiveness in mining signal features and high fault diagnosis accuracy.
Experimental teaching of the Avogadro constant
Authors: Siafarikas Michalis , Stylos Georgios , Chatzimitakos Theodoros , Georgopoulos Konstantinos , Kosmidis Constantine , Kotsis Konstantinos T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although Avogadro’s number is a fundamental concept in chemistry, it is often overlooked in secondary education textbooks in Greece. Students are taught about mol, the number Avogadro, the molar volumes, and the equation of the state of gases. However, in no case is a detailed examination held about the importance of this number and the connection of macroscopic and microscopic quantities through the Avogardo constant. Also, the references related to the topic fail to raise students’ awareness of the atomic and molecular structure and the procedure with which the matter becomes quantic. Furthermore, the experimental approach is non-existent. To address these shortcomings, this project proposes a new and straightforward experimental method for students to determine the value of Avogadro’s number. The carefully designed experimental procedure can be completed within one teaching hour, encouraging active student participation. More importantly, the proposed experimental setup does not require sophisticated instruments and poses no risks, making it feasible for students to conduct it themselves.
Flexible array coil for cervical and extraspinal (FACE) MRI at 3.0 Tesla
Authors: Abel Frederik , Tan Ek T , Lunenburg Martijn , van Leeuwen Carel , van Hooren Thijs , van Uden Mark , Arteaga Catalina , Vincent Jana , Robb Fraser , Sneag Darryl B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. High-resolution MRI of the cervical spine (c-spine) and extraspinal neck region requires close-fitting receiver coils to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Conventional, rigid C-spine receiver coils do not adequately contour to the neck to accommodate varying body shapes, resulting in suboptimal SNR. Recent innovations in flexible surface coil array designs may provide three-dimensional (3D) bendability and conformability to optimize SNR, while improving capabilities for higher acceleration factors. Approach. This work describes the design, implementation, and preliminary in vivo testing of a novel, conformal 23-channel receive-only flexible array for cervical and extraspinal (FACE) MRI at 3-Tesla (T), with use of high-impedance elements to enhance the coil’s flexibility. Coil performance was tested by assessing SNR and geometry factors (g-factors) in a phantom compared to a conventional 21-channel head-neck-unit (HNU). In vivo imaging was performed in healthy human volunteers and patients using high-resolution c-spine and neck MRI protocols at 3T, including MR neurography (MRN). Main results. Mean SNR with the FACE was 141%–161% higher at left, right, and posterior off-isocenter positions and 4% higher at the isocenter of the phantom compared to the HNU. Parallel imaging performance was comparable for an acceleration factor (R) = 2 × 2 between the two coils, but improved for R = 3 × 3 with mean g-factors ranging from 1.46–2.15 with the FACE compared to 2.36–3.62 obtained with the HNU. Preliminary human volunteer and patient testing confirmed that equivalent or superior image quality could be obtained for evaluation of osseous and soft tissue structures of the cervical region with the FACE. Significance. A conformal and highly flexible cervical array with high-impedance coil elements can potentially enable higher-resolution imaging for cervical imaging.
Corrugated V-fold soft actuator with large deformation and high force density
Authors: Xu Ming , Liu Hui , Zhang Di , Su Li-rong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Soft pneumatic actuators with a corrugated structure have the advantage of low inflation pressure and a large actuation range and have great potential for use in grippers. However, they are generally difficult to have both large deformation and high force density performance. Inspired by the hydraulic joints of spider legs, this paper designs a multi-cavity soft-pneumatic actuator with a corrugated V-fold structure, which realizes bending through the deformation of the air cavity structure instead of the traditional way of squeezing the air cavities against each other, and has significantly large curvature high force density compared with actuators such as PneuNets. At an inflation pressure of 40 kPa, the proposed soft actuator achieves a bending angle of 306° with a curvature of 0.114 rad mm−1, while at an inflation pressure of 45 kPa, the actuator achieves an actuation force of 5.15 N with a force density of 0.0101 mN (mm3.kPa)−1. The modeling approach based on continuum mechanics modeling of soft materials combined with finite element analysis (FEA) (or experiment) is proposed to achieve accurate modeling of the bending angle and actuation force of actuators with complex corrugated structures. In addition, the proposed actuator has made initial explorations into the application of soft grippers and has achieved fairly good gripping results compared to other types of grippers.
Investigation of saturation levitation force and optimization of permanent magnet guideway based on multi-seeded superconducting bulks model
Authors: Lei Wuyang , Yin Peiyu , Feng Yicheng , Song Yunrui , Deng Zigang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
After more than 20 years of research, the superconducting maglev has advanced to the engineering research stage. In engineering applications, multi-seeded superconducting bulks have been widely used in high-temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev systems, but there remains a deficiency in terms of the theoretical model description of multi-seeded superconducting bulks. In this paper, the fully coupled, partially coupled, and uncoupled models of the multi-seeded superconductor are presented to simulate HTS multi-seeded bulk. Then, the levitation performance and trapped field of three kinds of HTS bulks were experimentally tested, revealing a saturation levitation performance on the permanent magnet guideway (PMG). Therefore, the levitation force and trapped field of HTS bulks with different critical current density are further studied by 3D simulation. Taking the 90% and 95% of the maximum levitation force as the benchmarks, the corresponding critical current density of HTS bulks are respectively 4.6 × 108 A m−2 and 6.1 × 108 A m−2. Further, a mapping coupled boundary method was adopted to automatic optimize the PMG to increase the levitation force above the PMG. After optimization, the levitation force under a unit of the permanent magnet is increased by 19%, while the maximum levitation force above multi-period Halbach PMG is increased by 9.23%. This study provides a general multi-seeded superconducting bulk simulation model and levitation force optimization method, which can serve as a reference for selecting suitable superconducting bulk.
Determination of neutrino mass ordering from Supernova neutrinos with T2HK and DUNE
Authors: Panda Papia , Ghosh Monojit , Mohanta Rukmani 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the possibility of determining the neutrino mass ordering from the future supernova neutrino events at the DUNE and T2HK detectors. We estimate the expected number of neutrino event rates from a future supernova explosion assuming Garching flux model corresponding to different processes that are responsible for detecting the supernova neutrinos at these detectors. We present our results in the form of χ2, as a function of supernova distance. For a systematic uncertainty of 5% in normalisation as well as energy calibration error, our results show that, the neutrino mass ordering can be determined at 5 σ C.L. if the supernova explosion occurs at a distance of 42.7 kpc for T2HK and at a distance of 15.2 kpc for DUNE. Our results also show that the sensitivity of DUNE and T2HK get affected by the systematic uncertainties for the smaller supernova distances. Further, we show that in both DUNE and T2HK, the sensitivity gets deteriorated to some extent due to presence of energy smearing of the neutrino events. This occurs because of the reconstruction of the neutrino energy from the energy-momentum measurement of the outgoing leptons at the detector.
Quasi-bound states in continuum in double-layer silicon gratings
Authors: Yu Kun , Song Feng , Shi Zhangxing , Li Hongju , Liu Yufang , Wu Xiaohu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are theoretically known to possess infinite lifetimes and Q factor. However, due to the difficulties in achieving it in reality, symmetry breaking is often introduced in the structure to transform symmetrically protected BICs into quasi-BICs (q-BICs) with extremely high Q factor. Therefore, q-BICs can be utilized to enhance the Q factor of optical sensors. In this paper, we propose the design of a double-layer composite one-dimensional grating with a high Q factor. The structure consists of a double-layers silicon (Si) grating on a silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate. By introducing a displacement in the upper-layer grating to break the symmetry, q-BICs are induced. The induced q-BICs achieve a Q factor of 2248 for transverse magnetic (TM) wave, enabling enhanced optical sensing capabilities. The proposed q-BICs sensor, exhibiting anisotropy for both TM and transverse electric wave (TE), holds great potential for narrowband polarizers and sensing applications.
Use of Sex-Specific Body Mass Index to Optimize Low Correlation With Height and High Correlation With Fatness: A UK Biobank Study
Authors: Feng Qi , Kim Jean H , Xie Junqing , Bešević Jelena , Conroy Megan , Omiyale Wemimo , Wu Yushan , Woodward Mark , Lacey Ben , Allen Naomi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) is commonly used to measure general adiposity. However, evidence of its appropriateness for males and females remains inconsistent. We aimed to identify the most appropriate sex-specific power value that height should be raised to in the formula and the value that would make it achieve height independency and body fatness dependency. We randomly assigned UK Biobank participants recruited in the United Kingdom between 2006 and 2010 (n = 489,873; mean age = 56.5 years; 94.2% White) to training and testing sets (80%:20%). Using height raised to the power of −50.00 to 50.00, we identified the optimal power value that either minimized correlation with height or maximized correlation with body fat percentage, using age-adjusted correlations. The optimal power values for height were 1.77 for males and 1.39 for females. The new formulas resulted in 4.5% of females and 2.4% of males being reclassified into a different BMI category. The formulas did not show significant improvement (in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity) in identifying individuals with excessive body fat percentage or in predicting risk of all-cause mortality. Therefore, the conventional BMI formula is still valuable in research and disease screening for both sexes.
Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for complement dysfunction in schizophrenia
Authors: Xue Ting , Liu Wenxin , Wang Lijun , Shi Yuan , Hu Ying , Yang Jing , Li Guiming , Huang Hongna , Cui Donghong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, frequently experiences a high rate of misdiagnosis due to subjective symptom assessment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative and objective diagnostic tools.
In this study, we used cutting-edge extracellular vesicles’ (EVs) proteome profiling and XGBoost-based machine learning to develop new markers and personalized discrimination scores for schizophrenia diagnosis and prediction of treatment response. We analysed plasma and plasma-derived EVs from 343 participants, including 100 individuals with chronic schizophrenia, 34 first-episode and drug-naïve patients, 35 individuals with bipolar disorder, 25 individuals with major depressive disorder and 149 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Our innovative approach uncovered EVs-based complement changes in patients, specific to their disease-type and status. The EV-based biomarkers outperformed their plasma counterparts, accurately distinguishing schizophrenia individuals from healthy controls with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.895, 83.5% accuracy, 85.3% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity. Moreover, they effectively differentiated schizophrenia from bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, with AUCs of 0.966 and 0.893, respectively. The personalized discrimination scores provided a personalized diagnostic index for schizophrenia and exhibited a significant association with patients’ antipsychotic treatment response in the follow-up cohort.
Overall, our study represents a significant advancement in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, demonstrating the potential of EV-based biomarkers in guiding personalized diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.