bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards critical geoeconomics?
Authors: Moisio Sami 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis intervention paper discusses the recent paper on the history of geoeconomics by Mallin and Sidaway. Some notes are made on the conceptual potential of critical geoeconomics vis‐à‐vis contemporary geopolitical scholarship. A particular focus is on the relationship between the concepts of geoeconomics and geopolitics. Conceptualising geopolitical and geoeconomic discourses as if they were distinct or even complementary geostrategic discourses – typical especially in mainstream strategic analysis and International Relations – risks reproducing the discursivism and noncritical outlook of state‐centric geostrategic arguments.
A case for popular geoeconomics: Angelina Jolie, China, and the semiotic limits of the archive
Authors: Mostafanezhad Mary , Szadziewski Henryk 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPicking up where Mallin and Sidaway (2023) left off, this commentary makes a case for popular geoeconomics—as well as geoeconomics beyond the Beltway. We address the dialectical tension between geoeconomics and geopolitics as it is demonstrated through popular and geo‐dispersed renderings of the concept. Geoeconomic visionaries drive geopolitical relations not only by revaluing land, labour and resources across space but through their everyday enactments and popular expressions. We comment on how geoeconomics is enrolled into popular culture and plays out through the Hollywood icon Angelina Jolie, as well as its articulation beyond the Anglosphere in Mandarin language scholarship. The geoeconomics debate in Mandarin, as well as its mediation by celebrities, formidably contribute to the refashioning of the global geoeconomic landscape. In doing so, we expand the critical genealogy of geoeconomics as a concept, field of inquiry and everyday experience, and account for the semiotic limits of the archive.
Second Hankel Determinant for a Subclass of Tilted Starlike Functions with Respect to Conjugate Points
Authors: Abdul Wahid Nur Hazwani Aqilah 
Published: November 2023

Let S*(alpha,delta,A,B) be the class of functions which are analytic and univalent in an open unit disc, E={z:|z|<1} of the form f(z)=z+a2z2+a3z3+--- and normalized with f(0)=0 and f'(0)-1=0 and satisfy [{exp(img.alpha).(zf'(z)/g(z))-img(sin(alpha))]/(cos(alpha)-delta) subordiate to {1+Az/1+Bz} where cos(alpha)-delta>0, 0<=delta<1, |alpha|<pi/2 ad -1<=B<A<=1. In this paper, we determine the sharp upper bound of the functional |a2a4-a3^2| for this class of functions. The results generalize some known existing results in the literature.
Radio Number for Special Family of Graphs with Diameter 2,3 and 4
Authors: Muthali Murugan 
Published: November 2023

A radio labeling of a graph G is an injective function f : V(G) ®NÈ {0} such that for every u, v ÎV(G), ³ diam (G) – d(u, v)+1. The span of f is the difference of the largest and the smallest channels used, that is,max {f(u) - f(v)} where u,v are any two vertices of G.The radio number of G is defined as the minimum span of a radio labeling of G and denoted as rn(G). In this paper, we present algorithms to get the radio labeling of special family of graphs like double cones, books and nC4 with a common vertex whose diameters are 2,3 and 4 respectively.
Time Series Modelling of Monthly Temperature Data of Jerusalem/Palestine.
Authors: Iqelan Bisher Mamoun 
Published: November 2023

The objective of the research is to estimate the month-ahead temperature records in Jerusalem, Palestine. In this study, the modeling mechanism of analytic for forecasting is considered. This paper explores implementation of ARIMA and GARCH modeling techniques to fit a historical data set and estimate the coefficients of the suitable models for fitting the average monthly temperature data of Jerusalem in Palestine for the period from January 1964 to December 2013. The analysis of this study are carried out with the assist of R software. Eventually, using different statistical measures,comparison efficiency between ARIMA$\ (2,0,1)(2,1,1)_{12}$ and AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) models are produced. AR(1)-GARCH(1,1) is detected to be a better than ARIMA$\ (2,0,1)(2,1,1)_{12}$ model.
New Fourth Order Quartic Spline Method for Solving Second Order Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Ala'yed Osama Hasan , Yuan Ying Teh , Saaban Azizan 
Published: November 2023

In this article, a fourth order quartic spline method has been developed to obtain the numerical solution of second order boundary value problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The development of the quartic spline method and convergence analysis have been presented. Three test problems have been used for numerical experimentations purposes. Numerical experimentations showed that the quartic spline method generates more accurate numerical results compared with an existing cubic spline method in solving second order boundary value problems.
Super Ostrowski Homotopy Continuation Method for Solving Polynomial System of Equations
Authors: Mohamad Nor Hafizudin , Rahman Amirah , Md. Ismail Ahmad Izani , Abd. Majid Ahmad 
Published: November 2023

Homotopy continuation methods (HCMs) can be used to find the solutions of polynomial equations. The advantages of HCMs over classical methods such as the Newton and bisection methods are that HCMs are able to resolve divergence and starting value problems. In this paper, we develop Super Ostrowski-HCM as a technique to overcome the starting value problem. We compare the performance of this proposed method with Ostrowski-HCM. The results provide evidence of the superiority of Super Ostrowski-HCM.
Fuzzy Closure Matroids
Authors: Al-Hawary Talal 
Published: November 2023

In 1988, Geotschel and Voxman [1] introduced and explored the concept of fuzzy matroids via the notion of fuzzy independent sets. In 2013, Al-Hawary [2] introduced fuzzy matroids via the notion of fuzzy flats. In this paper, we introduce the notion of fuzzy closure matroids, a new class of fuzzy matroids. We study properties of this class and classify it. In addition, the class of fuzzy modular matroids is defined and characterized.
Atom-bond connectivity index of graph with two edges added
Authors: Husin Mohamad Nazri , Hasni Roslan 
Published: November 2023

The atom-bond connectivity index of a graph G, denoted as ABC(G), is defined as the sum of the weight sqrt((du+dv-2)/dudv)of all edges uv of G, where du (or dv) denotes the degree of vertex u (or v) in G. The ABC index provides a good model for the stability of linear and branches alkanes as well as the strain energy of cycloalkanes. In this note, we prove that ABC index of a graph increases when two new edges are added.
Do products of compact complex manifolds admit LCK metrics?
Authors: Ornea Liviu , Verbitsky Misha , Vuletescu Victor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn locally conformally Kähler (LCK) manifold is a Hermitian manifold which admits a Kähler cover with deck group acting by holomorphic homotheties with respect to the Kähler metric. The product of two LCK manifolds does not have a natural product LCK structure. It is conjectured that a product of two compact complex manifolds is never LCK. We classify all known examples of compact LCK manifolds onto three not exclusive classes: LCK with potential, a class of manifolds we call of Inoue type, and those containing a rational curve. In the present paper, we prove that a product of an LCK manifold and an LCK manifold belonging to one of these three classes does not admit an LCK structure.
Therapeutic targeting of hypoxia inducible factor in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Tran Thu T. , Eltzschig Holger K. , Yuan Xiaoyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by bilateral chest infiltration and acute hypoxic respiratory failure. ARDS carries significant morbidity and mortality despite advancements in medical management, calling for the development of novel therapeutic targets. Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) is a heterodimeric protein involved in various essential pathways, including metabolic reprogramming, immune modulation, angiogenesis and cell cycle regulation. HIF is routinely degraded in homeostasis conditions via the prolyl hydroxylase domain/von Hippel–Lindau protein pathway. However, HIF is stabilized in ARDS via various mechanisms (oxygen‐dependent and independent) as an endogenous protective pathway and plays multifaceted roles in different cell populations. This review focuses on the functional role of HIF and its target genes during ARDS, as well as how HIF has evolved as a therapeutic target in current medical management.
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Prediction of Heat Transfer for Compact Tube Heat Exchanger Based on Porous Models
Authors: Chen Xuheng , Li Na , Zhou Xin , Duan Zhenyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A prediction method for temperature distributions in compact heat exchangers was developed by modeling the microchannel as porous medium. The study is focused on the mathematical formulas and solution methods for convective heat transfer of heat core. The governing parameters include Reynolds number, longitudinal pitch, transverse pitch, Nusselt number, inertial resistance factor, and effective heat transfer coefficient. First, the correlation mechanisms and laws between the key parameters’ effects and heat transfer were revealed and explained. The results show that the temperature/pressure/velocity contours obtained from the porous-media model are consistent with those of the tube-matrix. When the longitudinal pitch has little effect on flow characteristics and Reynolds number, porous-media model and Zukauskas-correlation are consistent. Transverse pitch has significant effects on the flow characteristics and the Reynolds number. The heat transfer performance and Nusselt numbers obtained from tube-matrix, porous-media model, and Zukauskas-correlation decrease as the transverse pitch increases. Under different pitch conditions, the Nusselt number obtained by Zukauskas-correlation is larger than that of the porous-media model, which is larger than that of the tube-matrix. Second, the simplified model and fast calculation method were developed. Tube bundles of the heat exchanger core were modeled as micro-channels and theoretically as fluid-saturated porous structures. Results show the heat transfer performance predicted by the micro-channels, tube-matrix, and porous-media model is consistent under the same boundary conditions. These results are consistent with the experiment. In addition, the computing cost and time required for the porous-media and micro-channels model is relatively reduced. Especially for the micro-channels model, the calculating time is less than one-tenth of the original. Compared with the time-consuming numerical method, the new analytical solution has the advantages of cost and speed.
Oxic methane production from methylphosphonate in a large oligotrophic lake: limitation by substrate and organic carbon supply
Authors: Peoples Logan M. , Dore John E. , Bilbrey Evan M. , Vick-Majors Trista J. , Ranieri John R. , Evans Kate A. , Ross Abigail M. , Devlin Shawn P. , Church Matthew J. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

While methane is typically produced under anoxic conditions, methane supersaturation in the presence of oxygen has been observed in both marine and fresh waters. The biological cleavage of methylphosphonate (MPn), which releases both phosphate and methane, is one pathway that may contribute to this paradox. Here, we explore the genomic and functional potential for oxic methane production (OMP) via MPn in Flathead Lake, a large oligotrophic freshwater lake in northwest Montana. Time series and depth profile measurements show that epilimnetic methane was persistently supersaturated despite high oxygen levels, suggesting a possible
in situ
oxic source. Metagenomic sequencing indicated that 10% of microorganisms in the lake, many of which are related to the Burkholderiales (Betaproteobacteria) and Actinomycetota, have the genomic capacity to cleave MPn. We experimentally demonstrated that these organisms produce methane stoichiometrically with MPn consumption across multiple years. However, methane was only produced at appreciable rates in the presence of MPn when a labile organic carbon source was added, suggesting that this process may be limited by both MPn and labile carbon supply. Members of the genera
Acidovorax
,
Rhodoferax
, and
Allorhizobium
, organisms which make up less than 1% of Flathead Lake communities, consistently responded to MPn addition. We demonstrate that the genomic and physiological potential for MPn use exists among diverse, resident members of Flathead Lake and could contribute to OMP in freshwater lakes when substrates are available.

IMPORTANCE

Methane is an important greenhouse gas that is typically produced under anoxic conditions. We show that methane is supersaturated in a large oligotrophic lake despite the presence of oxygen. Metagenomic sequencing indicates that diverse, widespread microorganisms may contribute to the oxic production of methane through the cleavage of methylphosphonate. We experimentally demonstrate that these organisms, especially members of the genus
Acidovorax
, can produce methane through this process. However, appreciable rates of methane production only occurred when both methylphosphonate and labile sources of carbon were added, indicating that this process may be limited to specific niches and may not be completely responsible for methane concentrations in Flathead Lake. This work adds to our understanding of methane dynamics by describing the organisms and the rates at which they can produce methane through an oxic pathway in a representative oligotrophic lake.
All “wrapped” up in reflection: supporting metacognitive awareness to promote students’ self-regulated learning
Authors: Ratnayake Ayuni , Bansal Aditi , Wong Natalie , Saseetharan Theluckshan , Prompiengchai Sapolnach , Jenne Amy , Thiagavel Jeneni , Ashok Aarthi 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTSelf-regulated learning (SRL) is the process of utilizing effective strategies to acquire knowledge or skills and is influenced by motivation, metacognitive processing, and study-related behaviors. We hypothesized that by using survey tools that allow reflection on and refinement of students’ study strategies, we could nurture metacognitive skill development, encourage positive motivation and study-related behaviors, and hence promote academic success. Undergraduate students in a semester-long, second-year biology course were provided with resources to promote SRL and three survey instruments that encouraged them to create study plans and reflect on the effectiveness of their study strategies. Using a student-partnered approach, we sought to investigate the role of metacognition, motivation, and study-related behaviors on academic performance by (i) identifying the self-regulated learning strategies most utilized by students, (ii) investigating the role of reflection in enhancing metacognitive processing and academic performance, and (iii) understanding whether students created and/or modified their study strategies as an outcome of self-regulation. Survey responses allowed us to understand the repertoire of study strategies used by students. Our analyses suggest that students demonstrated metacognitive skill development through the use of the resources and reflection instruments, as they accurately reported on the effectiveness of their study strategies and indicated future plans to shift study-related behaviors from passive to active reviewing techniques. Students across the grade spectrum perceived the reflection instruments as beneficial in identifying areas of improvement and developing long-term study habits, suggesting that these instruments were effective in promoting metacognitive skill development for a variety of student learners. We conclude that supporting students with resources that promote SRL and providing opportunities for timely reflection can promote metacognitive skill development, a key feature of academic success.
Pervasive gene deregulation underlies adaptation and maladaptation in trimethoprim-resistant
E. coli
Authors: Vinchhi Rhea , Yelpure Chetna , Balachandran Manasvi , Matange Nishad 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The archetypal PhoQP two-component system from Enterobacteria regulates pathways like magnesium homeostasis in
Escherichia coli
and virulence factor expression in
Salmonella enterica
. We had previously reported that
E. coli
rapidly accumulated mutations in the
mgrB
gene, a negative feedback regulator of PhoQP, when evolved in the antibiotic trimethoprim. Here, we first show that trimethoprim-selected mutations in
mgrB
either lower its expression or alter the C-terminus of the MgrB protein and prevent interaction with PhoQ. Both mechanisms compromise MgrB activity, leading to PhoQP hyperactivation and overexpression of dihydrofolate reductase (
folA
), which is the target of trimethoprim. We then investigate the consequences of deregulating PhoQP for the fitness of
E. coli
and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Using laboratory evolution, we demonstrate that
mgrB
mutations facilitate rapid fixation of resistant bacteria in populations evolving in trimethoprim, even though their independent effect on drug IC50 is nominal. This effect is explained by a pervasive transcriptional response to deregulated PhoQP, specifically on the downstream RstA-regulon, in addition to activating
folA
transcription. Pervasive gene deregulation also explained the fitness costs of
mgrB
mutations, although involving different molecular players. PhoQP hyperactivation perturbed the balance of RpoS- and RpoD-regulated transcriptional programs and mutations that reset this balance-restored bacterial fitness in antibiotic-free conditions. Our study shows that the deregulation of a single signaling pathway permeates the wider gene expression network and leads to adaptation or maladaptation depending on the environmental context. The implications of our findings for the evolution of feedback mechanisms in two-component signaling are discussed.

IMPORTANCE

Bacteria employ a number of mechanisms to adapt to antibiotics. Mutations in transcriptional regulators alter the expression levels of genes that can change the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics. Two-component signaling proteins are a major class of signaling molecule used by bacteria to regulate transcription. In previous work, we found that mutations in MgrB, a feedback regulator of the PhoQP two-component system, conferred trimethoprim tolerance to
Escherichia coli
. Here, we elucidate how mutations in MgrB have a domino-like effect on the gene regulatory network of
E. coli
. As a result, pervasive perturbation of gene regulation ensues. Depending on the environmental context, this pervasive deregulation is either adaptive or maladaptive. Our study sheds light on how deregulation of gene expression can be beneficial for bacteria when challenged with antibiotics, and why regulators like MgrB may have evolved in the first place.
Three-dimensional finite-element modeling of Coulomb stress changes on normal and thrust faults caused by pore fluid pressure changes and postseismic viscoelastic relaxation
Authors: Peikert Jill , Hampel Andrea , Bagge Meike 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The analysis of Coulomb stress changes has become an important tool for seismic hazard evaluation because such stress changes may trigger or delay subsequent earthquakes. Processes that can cause significant Coulomb stress changes include coseismic slip and transient postseismic processes such as poroelastic effects and viscoelastic relaxation. However, the combined influence of poroelastic effects and viscoelastic relaxation on co- and postseismic Coulomb stress changes has not been systematically studied so far. Here, we use three-dimensional finite-element models with arrays of normal and thrust faults to investigate how pore fluid pressure changes and viscoelastic relaxation overlap during the postseismic phase. In different experiments, we vary the permeability of the upper crust and the viscosity of the lower crust or lithospheric mantle while keeping the other parameters constant. In addition, we perform experiments in which we combine a high (low) permeability of the upper crust with a low (high) viscosity of the lower crust. Our results show that the coseismic (i.e., static) Coulomb stress changes are altered by the signal from poroelastic effects and viscoelastic relaxation during the first month after the earthquake. For sufficiently low viscosities, the Coulomb stress change patterns show a combined signal from poroelastic and viscoelastic effects already during the first postseismic year. For sufficiently low permeabilities, Coulomb stress changes induced by poroelastic effects overlap with the signals from viscoelastic relaxation and interseismic stress accumulation for decades. Our results imply that poroelastic and viscoelastic effects have a strong impact on postseismic Coulomb stress changes and should therefore be considered together when analyzing Coulomb stress transfer between faults.
Retrotransposons and Telomeres
Authors: Kalmykova Alla I. , Sokolova Olesya A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a significant part of eukaryotic genomes being a major source of genome instability and mutagenesis. Cellular defense systems suppress the TE expansion at all stages of their life cycle. Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are key elements of the anti-transposon defense system, which control TE activity in metazoan gonads preventing inheritable transpositions and developmental defects. In this review, we discuss various regulatory mechanisms by which small RNAs combat TE activity. However, active transposons persist, suggesting these powerful anti-transposon defense mechanisms have a limited capacity. A growing body of evidence suggests that increased TE activity coincides with genome reprogramming and telomere lengthening in different species. In the Drosophila fruit fly, whose telomeres consist only of retrotransposons, a piRNA-mediated mechanism is required for telomere maintenance and their length control. Therefore, the efficacy of protective mechanisms must be finely balanced in order not only to suppress the activity of transposons, but also to maintain the proper length and stability of telomeres. Structural and functional relationship between the telomere homeostasis and LINE1 retrotransposon in human cells indicates a close link between selfish TEs and the vital structure of the genome, telomere. This relationship, which permits the retention of active TEs in the genome, is reportedly a legacy of the retrotransposon origin of telomeres. The maintenance of telomeres and the execution of other crucial roles that TEs acquired during the process of their domestication in the genome serve as a type of payment for such a “service”.