bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Noninvasive Airway Management of Comatose Patients With Acute Poisoning
Authors: Freund Yonathan , Viglino Damien , Cachanado Marine , Cassard Clémentine , Montassier Emmanuel , Douay Bénedicte , Guenezan Jérémy , Le Borgne Pierrick , Yordanov Youri , Severin Armelle , Roussel Mélanie , Daniel Matthieu , Marteau Adrien , Peschanski Nicolas , Teissandier Dorian , Macrez Richard , Morere Julia , Chouihed Tahar , Roux Damien , Adnet Frédéric , Bloom Ben , Chauvin Anthony , Simon Tabassome 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceTracheal intubation is recommended for coma patients and those with severe brain injury, but its use in patients with decreased levels of consciousness from acute poisoning is uncertain.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of intubation withholding vs routine practice on clinical outcomes of comatose patients with acute poisoning and a Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 9.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a multicenter, randomized trial conducted in 20 emergency departments and 1 intensive care unit (ICU) that included comatose patients with suspected acute poisoning and a Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 9 in France between May 16, 2021, and April 12, 2023, and followed up until May 12, 2023.InterventionPatients were randomized to undergo conservative airway strategy of intubation withholding vs routine practice.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a hierarchical composite end point of in-hospital death, length of ICU stay, and length of hospital stay. Key secondary outcomes included adverse events resulting from intubation as well as pneumonia within 48 hours.ResultsAmong the 225 included patients (mean age, 33 years; 38% female), 116 were in the intervention group and 109 in the control group, with respective proportions of intubations of 16% and 58%. No patients died during the in-hospital stay. There was a significant clinical benefit for the primary end point in the intervention group, with a win ratio of 1.85 (95% CI, 1.33 to 2.58). In the intervention group, there was a lower proportion with any adverse event (6% vs 14.7%; absolute risk difference, 8.6% [95% CI, −16.6% to −0.7%]) compared with the control group, and pneumonia occurred in 8 (6.9%) and 16 (14.7%) patients, respectively (absolute risk difference, −7.8% [95% CI, −15.9% to 0.3%]).Conclusions and RelevanceAmong comatose patients with suspected acute poisoning, a conservative strategy of withholding intubation was associated with a greater clinical benefit for the composite end point of in-hospital death, length of ICU stay, and length of hospital stay.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04653597
Breast Cancer Screening Among Females With and Without Schizophrenia
Authors: O’Neill Braden , Yusuf Abban , Lofters Aisha , Huang Anjie , Ekeleme Ngozi , Kiran Tara , Greiver Michelle , Sullivan Frank , Kurdyak Paul 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceBreast cancer screening with mammography is recommended in Ontario, Canada, for females 50 years or older. Females with schizophrenia are at higher risk of breast cancer, but in Ontario it is currently unknown whether breast cancer screening completion differs between those with vs without schizophrenia and whether primary care payment models are a factor.ObjectiveTo compare breast cancer screening completion within 2 years after the 50th birthday among females with and without schizophrenia, and to identify the association between breast cancer screening completion and different primary care payment models.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case-control study analyzed Ontario-wide administrative data on females with and without schizophrenia who turned 50 years of age between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019. Those with schizophrenia (cases) were matched 1:10 to those without schizophrenia (controls) on local health integration network, income quintile, rural residence, birth dates, and weighted Aggregated Diagnosis Group score. Data analysis was performed from November 2021 to February 2023.ExposuresExposures were schizophrenia and primary care payment models.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes included breast cancer screening completion among cases and controls within 2 years after their 50th birthday and the association with receipt of care from primary care physicians enrolled in different primary care payment models, which were analyzed using logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs.ResultsThe study included 11 631 females with schizophrenia who turned 50 years of age during the study period and a matched cohort of 115 959 females without schizophrenia, for a total of 127 590 patients. Overall, 69.3% of cases and 77.1% of controls had a mammogram within 2 years after their 50th birthday. Cases had lower odds of breast cancer screening completion within 2 years after their 50th birthday (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.64-0.70). Cases who received care from a primary care physician in a fee-for-service (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.53-0.60) or enhanced fee-for-service (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.75-0.82) payment model had lower odds of having a mammogram than cases whose physicians were paid under a Family Health Team model.Conclusions and RelevanceThis case-control study found that, in Ontario, Canada, breast cancer screening completion was lower among females with schizophrenia, and differences from those without schizophrenia may partially be explained by differences in primary care payment models. Widening the availability of team-based primary care for females with schizophrenia may play a role in increased breast cancer screening rates.
A Biomimetic Nociceptor Using Centrosymmetric Crystals for Machine Intelligence
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Wang Yingfei , Xiang Li , Chen Long , Yu Lilei , Pan Anlian , Tan Jie , Yuan Quan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPain sensation is a crucial aspect of perception in the body. Force‐activated nociceptors encode electrochemical signals and yield multilevel information of pain, thus enabling smart feedback. Inspired by the natural template, multi‐dimensional mechano‐sensing materials provide promising approaches for biomimetic nociceptors in intelligent terminals. However, the reliance on non‐centrosymmetric crystals has narrowed the range of these materials. Here centrosymmetric crystal Cr3+‐doped zinc gallogermanate (ZGGO:Cr) with multi‐dimensional mechano‐sensing is reported, eliminating the limitation of crystal structure. Under forces, ZGGO:Cr generates electrical signals imitating those of neuronal systems, and produces luminescence for spatial mapping of mechanical stimuli, suggesting a path toward bionic pain perception. On that basis, a wireless biomimetic nociceptor system is developed and a smart pain reflex in a robotic hand and robot‐assisted biopsy surgery of rat and dog is achieved.
Ferritin‐Based Nanocomposite Hydrogel Promotes Tumor Penetration and Enhances Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy
Authors: Liu Rong , Liang Qian , Luo Jia‐Qi , Li Yu‐Xuan , Zhang Xin , Fan Kelong , Du Jin‐Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHydrogels are prevailing drug delivery depots to improve antitumor efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. However, the application of conventional free drug‐loaded hydrogel is hindered by poor drug penetration in solid tumors. Here, an injectable ferritin‐based nanocomposite hydrogel is constructed to facilitate tumor penetration and improve cancer chemoimmunotherapy. Specifically, doxorubicin‐loaded human ferritin (Dox@HFn) and oxidized dextran (Dex‐CHO) are used to construct the injectable hydrogel (Dox@HFn Gel) through the formation of pH‐sensitive Schiff‐base bonds. After peritumoral injection, the Dox@HFn Gel is retained locally for up to three weeks, and released intact Dox@HFn gradually, which can not only facilitate tumor penetration through active transcytosis but also induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) to tumor cells to generate an antitumor immune response. Combining with anti‐programmed death‐1 antibody (αPD‐1), Dox@HFn Gel induces remarkable regression of orthotopic 4T1 breast tumors, further elicits a strong systemic anti‐tumor immune response to effectively suppress tumor recurrence and lung metastasis of 4T1 tumors after surgical resection. Besides, the combination of Dox@HFn GelL with anti‐CD47 antibody (αCD47) inhibits postsurgical tumor recurrence of aggressive orthotopic glioblastoma tumor model and significantly extends mice survival. This work sheds light on the construction of local hydrogels to potentiate antitumor immune response for improved cancer therapy.
Oxidative Cyclization of Oximes with Propargyl Alcohols toward Functionalized Isoquinoline N‐Oxides Synthesis
Authors: Liu Jidan , Yang Zhenke , Long Huli , Xian Jianxiang , Zheng Liyao , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn efficient and regioselective synthesis of various functionalized isoquinoline N‐oxides has been realized by Rh(III)‐catalyzed oxidative annulation of aryl oximes with tertiary propargyl alcohols. The current protocol features readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance.
A new nanocomposite based on polylactic acid/butadiene rubber/clay: Morphology development and mechanical properties
Authors: Rajabifar Nariman , Jalali‐Arani Azam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, several samples based on poly(lactic) acid (PLA)/butadiene rubber (BR) blend with and without nanoclay (Cloisite 30B) were prepared using an internal mixer. Various methods were used to characterize the samples, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), rheometric mechanical spectrometer, stress–strain, and impact strength tests. The SEM results showed the droplet‐matrix morphology for all prepared samples. With the incorporation of nanoclay, the mean diameter of the BR droplets generated within the PLA matrix decreased. AFM test revealed the placement of nanoparticles in the PLA phase, which was consistent with the thermodynamic prediction of their location. The XRD test showed that the interlayer space of nanoclay expanded by 86% due to the diffusion of polymer chains between them. In the rheology test, this resulted in an increment in modulus and viscosity at low frequencies for the nanocomposites compared to the simple blend. The highest elongation at break was observed for the PLA/BR blend containing 10 wt% BR with approximately 40 times its value for the neat PLA, while the impact resistance increased up to three times.
Copper(I)‐Photocatalyzed Diastereoselective Aziridination of N‐Sulfonyl Imines with Vinyl Azides: Application to Benzo[f][1,2,3]oxathiazepines Dioxides and Fused Isoxazolines
Authors: Banuprakash Goud S , Lal Dhakar Raju , Samanta Sampak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn in situ generated photoactive copper(I)‐complex‐catalyzed aziridination reaction of cyclic N‐sulfonyl imines with α‐aryl‐substituted vinyl azides irradiated by blue‐LEDs light is reported for the first time. This novel SET process represents a mild, sustainable, and pragmatic method for accessing synthetically resourceful sulfamidate‐fused aziridines in acceptable chemical yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. Delightedly, pharmacologically attractive benzo[f][1,2,3]oxathiazepine dioxides and fused isoxazoline frameworks were achieved through our newly developed metal‐free based ring‐expansion techniques, highlighting the synthetic value of accessed aziridines. Finally, the possible mechanism for [2+1] aza‐cyclization was presented based on the conduction of a series of control experiments.
Synthesis of Fluoren‐9‐ones via Pd‐Catalyzed Annulation of 2‐Iodobiphenyls with Vinylene Carbonate
Authors: Li Wenguang , Yu Yongqi , Yang Jie , Fu Kaifang , Zhang Xu , Shi Shukui , Li Ting 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed reaction for intermolecular selective C−H cyclocarbonylation of 2‐iodobiphenyls is described. Intriguingly, the vinylene carbonate acts as a carbon monoxide transfer agent to enable the annulation reaction. Moreover, as a versatile synthon, fluoren‐9‐one can be transformed into a variety of functionalized organic molecules, such as [1,1′‐biphenyl]‐2‐carboxylic acid, 1′H,3′H‐spiro[fluorene‐9,2′‐perimidine] and N‐tosylhydrazones.
Fluorinated Polymer Donors for Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Dongyan , Wang Huijuan , Chen Jinming , Wu Qinghe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of narrow‐bandgap nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) has boosted the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) over 19 %. The new features of high‐performance NFAs, such as visible‐NIR light absorption, moderate the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO), and high crystallinity, require polymer donors with matching physical properties. This emphasizes the importance of methods that can effectively tune the physical properties of polymers. Owning to very small atom size and strongest electronegativity, the fluorination has been proved the most efficient strategy to regulate the physical properties of polymer donors, including frontier energy level, absorption coefficient, dielectric constant, crystallinity and charge transport. Owing to the success of fluorination strategy, the vast majority of high‐performance polymer donors possess one or more fluorine atoms. In this review, the fluorination synthetic methods, the synthetic route of well‐known fluorinated building blocks, the fluorinated polymers which are categorized by the type of donor or acceptor units, and the relationships between the polymer structures, properties, and photovoltaic performances are comprehensively surveyed. We hope this review could provide the readers a deeper insight into fluorination strategy and lay a strong foundation for future innovation of fluorinated polymers.
Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control of Supramolecular Aggregation of Near Infrared Pyrrolopyrrole Cyanine Fluorophores Confined in Colloidal Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Lou He , Wang Mingfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractControl of the intermolecular aggregation of organic π‐conjugated molecules as chromophores is crucial for tuning their physical properties such as light absorption/emission, and energy and charge transfer. Lots of advances have been achieved in control of intermolecular aggregation of organic chromophores in solid states where an indefinitely large number of molecules are involved. However, much less understanding has been gained at a mesoscale of aggregates formed by well‐defined organization of a deterministic number of chromophores, which has been realized in natural photosynthetic systems but still remains rare in manmade materials. Here, we report both the kinetic and the thermodynamic control of the supramolecular aggregation of a near‐infrared cyanine dye, PPcy, and its derivatives confined in colloidal nanoparticles stabilized by surfactants in aqueous media. Our results demonstrate that both the aggregation number, the aggregation state and the optical properties of the PPcy chromophores are controllable through optimization of the alkyl and polymer chains tethered from PPcy, the effective concentration of the chromophore inside each particle, and the surfactants utilized to stabilize the colloids in water.
Bacteria‐Epithelial Cell Interaction Influences Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Effect of Silver‐Gold Alloy Nanoparticles on a Species‐Specific Level
Authors: Doll‐Nikutta Katharina , Heine Nils , Kheirmand‐Parizi Marjan , Stein Frederic , Ulrich Jennifer , Rehbock Christoph , Winkel Andreas , Barcikowski Stephan , Stiesch Meike 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rising number of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria requires alternative antibacterial substances as therapeutics. However, besides a strong effect against bacteria, they should not exhibit cytotoxicity towards human cells. Typically, both properties are tested in separate in vitro experiments that do not take into account naturally occurring interactions. To analyze whether the bacteria‐cell interaction influences the results of antibacterial and cytotoxic testing, surfactant‐free antibacterial silver‐gold alloy nanoparticles produced by laser ablation in liquid were examined both separately and in a straightforward coculture setup. Whereas different commensal bacteria and human skin cells exhibited reduced metabolic activity at comparable concentrations when treated separately, their response completely differed when analyzed in a combined coculture. For the combination of oral keratinocytes and Staphylococcus aureus, reduced cytotoxicity with increasing cell numbers, but a similar antibacterial effect quantified by standard plate counting could be observed. In contrast, coculture of keratinocytes and Porphyromonas gingivalis resulted in a complete absence of cytotoxicity and antibacterial effect, probably due to bacterial invasion of cells. These results clearly showed that the bacteria‐cell interaction greatly influences the results of antibacterial and cytotoxic testing and highlight the importance of more complex in vitro experiments to reliably characterize novel antibacterial substances for efficient clinical translation.
Functional Groups Accessibility and the Origin of Photoluminescence in N/O‐containing Bottom‐up Carbon Nanodots
Authors: Debes Paul P. , Langer Michal , Pagel Melanie , Menna Enzo , Smarsly Bernd , Osella Silvio , Gallego Jaime , Gatti Teresa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChemical surface functionalization of carbon nanodots (CNDs) offers a valuable opportunity to tailor multifunctionality in these nanocarbons, by engineering the composition of their molecular surface. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the type and amount of CNDs surface functionalization to be able to design their properties accurately. CNDs are often functionalized through amide coupling without validating the degree of surface functionalization. As a measure of surface functionalization, the amounts of primary amines via Kaiser test (KT) or imine reactions of the bare CNDs is often considered. However, this may lead to overestimating the degree of surface functionalization obtained by the pure amide coupling due to different reaction mechanisms and involved intermediates. Herein, four different CNDs prepared by microwave‐assisted synthesis from arginine or citric acid with varying amounts of ethylenediamine are presented. We resorted to combining physicochemical methods to provide elemental, structural, and optical information. By that, we developed a method to quantify the degree of surface functionalization by amide coupling and show that the surface functionalization is lower than anticipated. Comparing experimental optical features of the CNDs with different computed model systems enables us to provide a more advanced vision of structure‐property relationships in these still elusive nanocarbons.
Insights into the Carbon Dioxide Separation Performance of Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide‐based Plastic Crystal Composite Membranes with Fluorinated Polar Polymers
Authors: Ramos‐Saz Fernando , Kang Colin S. M. , O'Dell Luke A. , Forsyth Maria , Pringle Jennifer M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMembrane‐based gas separation technologies are one solution towards mitigating global emissions of CO2. New membrane materials with improved separation performance are still highly sought after. Composite membranes based on organic ionic plastic crystals (OIPCs) have shown preferential interaction for CO2 over N2, leading in some cases to competitive CO2/N2 selectivities. However, these ionic materials have been scarcely studied in the field of gas separation. Here, OIPCs based on the bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([TFSI]−) anion were investigated for use as gas separation membranes for the first time. The effect of the polymer type was also investigated, through the comparison of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐hexafluoropropylene (PVDF‐HFP) OIPC membranes. A strong temperature dependence of the gas separation performance was found, particularly in the N‐methyl‐N‐ethylpyrrolidinium‐based composites where the material undergoes a solid‐solid phase transition within the testing temperature range. The polymer type was noted to induce a strong effect on the structure of the composites, as well as affecting the gas and ionic transport. Thus, this research provides insights on the influence of the [TFSI]− anion on the structure and separation properties of OIPC‐based composites, and new information towards the development of novel OIPC‐based membranes with enhanced gas separation performance.
Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in rural areas of the Bolivian Chaco: What has changed during the last 30 years?
Authors: Nicoletti Alessandra , Edoardo Cicero Calogero , Todaro Valeria , Colli Chiara , Cosmi Francesco , Anselmi Mariella , Caicedo Cintia , Vilte Estela , Mario Camargo Walter , Bartoloni Alessandro , Crespo Gomez Elizabeth Blanca , Giuliano Loretta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is considered the major cause of epilepsy in endemic regions. In the rural areas of the Bolivian Chaco prevalence of NCC among people with epilepsy (PWE) was 27.4%, according to a population‐based survey carried out in 1994. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of Epilepsy Associated with Tonic–Clonic Seizures (EATCS) and to evaluate the prevalence of NCC among PWE in the rural communities of the Bolivian Chaco after 30 years.MethodsTwenty‐two rural communities (total population 12 852) were involved in the study. PWE in the study area were ascertained by multiple sources and the diagnosis was confirmed by a neurologist. All PWE identified were invited to undergo brain CT scan examination and diagnosis of NCC was sought according to the revised Del Brutto criteria.ResultsSeventy‐eight PWE (30 men, 38.4%; mean age at onset was 12.7 ± 13.2 years) with EATCS were identified giving a crude prevalence of 6.1/1000 (95% CI: 4.7–7.3). Due to the COVID‐19 lockdown, the study was interrupted in 2020 and only 36 PWE (46%) of the whole sample underwent CT scan examination. Of these, 8 (22.2%) fulfilled the criteria for NCC of whom 6 (75%) presented only single or multiple calcifications.SignificanceThis is the first study reassessing the prevalence of NCC among PWE after 30 years, in the same rural area and using a population‐based design. T. solium is still endemic in the Bolivian Chaco where more than 20% of EATCS may be attributable to NCC. Our findings show a substantially unchanged prevalence of NCC over the past 30 years despite improved knowledge, underlining the need for active intervention programs to control T. solium transmission in this area.Plain Language SummaryNeurocysticercosis is still endemic in the Bolivian Chaco. The proportion of epilepsy attributable to neurocysticercosis is about 22%. Systematic efforts towards elimination of neurocysticercosis in these areas should be implemented.