bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of winter hospitalisation and death from acute respiratory infections in Scotland: national retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shi Ting , Millington Tristan , Robertson Chris , Jeffrey Karen , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , McCowan Colin , Simpson Colin R , Woolford Lana , Daines Luke , Kerr Steven , Swallow Ben , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi , Vallejos Catalina A , Weatherill David , Jayacodi Sandra , Marsh Kimberly , McMenamin Jim , Rudan Igor , Ritchie Lewis Duthie , Mueller Tanja , Kurdi Amanj , Sheikh Aziz ,   on behalf of Public Health Scotland and the EAVE II Collaborators
Published: February 2024

Objectives We undertook a national analysis to characterise and identify risk factors for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) resulting in hospitalisation during the winter period in Scotland. Design A population-based retrospective cohort analysis. Setting Scotland. Participants The study involved 5.4 million residents in Scotland. Main outcome measures Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between risk factors and ARI hospitalisation. Results Between 1 September 2022 and 31 January 2023, there were 22,284 (10.9% of 203,549 with any emergency hospitalisation) ARI hospitalisations (1759 in children and 20,525 in adults) in Scotland. Compared with the reference group of children aged 6–17 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was higher in children aged 3–5 years (aHR = 4.55; 95% CI: 4.11–5.04). Compared with those aged 25–29 years, the risk of ARI hospitalisation was highest among the oldest adults aged ≥80 years (aHR = 7.86; 95% CI: 7.06–8.76). Adults from more deprived areas (most deprived vs. least deprived, aHR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.57–1.72), with existing health conditions (≥5 vs. 0 health conditions, aHR = 4.84; 95% CI: 4.53–5.18) or with history of all-cause emergency admissions (≥6 vs. 0 previous emergency admissions, aHR = 7.53; 95% CI: 5.48–10.35) were at a higher risk of ARI hospitalisations. The risk increased by the number of existing health conditions and previous emergency admission. Similar associations were seen in children. Conclusions Younger children, older adults, those from more deprived backgrounds and individuals with greater numbers of pre-existing conditions and previous emergency admission were at increased risk for winter hospitalisations for ARI.
How Depression and Anxiety Impact Adherence to COVID-19 Prevention Practices in Urban Liberia
Authors: Ridge Laura Jean , Kennedy Stephen , Davis Matthew , McCullagh Marjorie C. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Understanding the relationship between mental health and COVID-19 prevention practices is crucial but challenging considering COVID-19’s impact on mental well-being. Liberia, a West African country, had well-documented rates of depression and anxiety prior to COVID-19. Liberia responded aggressively to COVID-19 while case counts remained low; thus, it is an ideal setting to study the relationship of mental health and COVID-19 prevention practices. Methods: A validated cross-sectional survey was administered to 250 randomly selected residents of Montserrado county, Liberia in June 2021, asking about their mental health and adherence to COVID-19 prevention practices. The survey included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess for anxiety and depression, respectively. Responses were analyzed using Spearman correlation and regression. Results: Scores indicative of depression were present in 43% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 37-49) of participants; scores indicative of anxiety were present in 41% (95% CI: 34-47). Self-reported adherence to COVID-19 prevention practices was middling and varied greatly by behavior. Higher scores for depression and anxiety were significantly associated with lower adherence to COVID-19 prevention practices. Conclusions: Results indicate that while the spread of COVID-19 has certainly affected mental health, it is likely that pre-existing mental health conditions affected the spread of COVID-19 through lower adherence to prevention practices. Policymakers should consider investing in mental health services as an important step in managing future epidemics, and the needs of people with poor mental health when designing epidemic responses, particularly in low-income countries where the burdens of adherence are likely to be greater.
Need for closure is linked with traumatic bonding among victims of intimate partner violence: A mediation approach
Authors: Isaiah Uwemedimo S. , Effiong James E. , Udokang Innih , Ogwuche Samson , Udoukok Emekubong N. , Iorfa Steven Kator 
Published: February 2024

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an increasingly prevalent problem in most parts of the world, including Nigeria. Very little is known about why persons who experience IPV sometimes decide to remain in the abusive relationships. In this study, we investigate whether the need for closure (NFC) may play significant roles in the association of IPV and the decision to stay in abusive relationships (traumatic bonding). Specifically, we tested if NFC would mediate the relationship between IPV and traumatic bonding (TB) among victims of IPV in Nigeria. Participants were 345 women, purposively selected from female clients who visited the Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SART) in Awka, Anambra State ( n = 145) and the Lagos State Domestic and Sexual Violence Response Team, Lagos ( n = 200). Their age ranged from 18–61 years (M = 35.79; SD = 8.6 years). They responded to the Composite Abuse Scale, the Need for Closure Scale, and the Stockholm Syndrome Scale. Results of data analysis using the Hayes regression-based PROCESS macro showed that IPV was not significantly associated with traumatic bonding while NFC was positively associated with increased traumatic bonding. Estimates of indirect effects indicated that NFC mediated the relationship of IPV and TB serving as a pathway through which IPV was linked to dimensions of TB. This shows that NFC may engender tendencies that increase the likelihood of traumatic bonding. The implications of these findings were discussed across policy, research and psychotherapeutic practice.
Multi-average high-acceleration modified volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) for free-breathing multiphase contrast-enhanced liver MRI: a comparative study with breath-hold VIBE
Authors: Chang Ming-Hwa , Wang Wei-Teng , Teng Hui-Chung , Wang Shu-Chin , Cheng Hsiu-Wen , Huang Jer-Shyung , Wu Ming-Ting 
Published: February 2024

Background Breath-hold volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (BH-VIBE) of multiphase contrast-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging (MPCE-LMRI) requires good cooperative individuals to comply with multiple breath-holds. Purpose To develop a free-breathing modified VIBE (FB-mVIBE) as a substitute of BH-VIBE in MPCE-LMRI. Material and Methods We modified VIBE with a high acceleration factor (2 × 2) and four averages to produce the mVIBE scan. A total of 90 individuals (40 men; mean age = 54.6 ± 10.0 years) who had received MPCE-LMRI as part of a voluntary health check-up for oncology survey were enrolled. Each participant was scanned in four phases (pre-contrast, arterial phase, venous phase, and delay phase), and each phase had two sequential scans. To encounter the timing effect of contrast enhancement, three scan orders were designed: BH-VIBE and FB-mVIBE (group A, n = 30); BH-VIBE and FB-VIBE (group B, n = 30); and FB-mVIBE and BH-VIBE (group C, n = 30). The comparisons included the objective measurements and 25 visual-score by two abdominal radiologists independently. Results Consistency between raters was observed for all three sequences (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.741–0.829). For rater 1, the mean scores of FB-mVIBE (23.67 ± 1.32) were equal to those of BH-VIBE (23.83 ± 1.98) in groups C and B (P = 0.852). The mean scores of FB-mVIBE (22.07 ± 3.02), but significantly higher than those of FB-VIBE (14.7 ± 3.41) in groups A and B ( P <0.001). Similar scores were found for rater 2. The objective measurement of FB-mVIBE were equal to or higher than BH-VIBE and markedly superior to FB-VIBE. Conclusion FB-mVIBE is a practical alternative to BH-VIBE for individuals who cannot cooperate with multiple breath-holds for MPCE-LMRI.
CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy for anterior mediastinal lymphoma: the role of PET/CT
Authors: Ahn Yura , Lee Sang Min , Choe Jooae , Kim Nayoung , Oh Sang Young , Do Kyung-Hyun , Seo Joon Beom 
Published: February 2024

Background Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) is not recommended as the diagnostic modality of choice for anterior mediastinal lymphoma, despite its advantages of minimal invasiveness and easy accessibility. Purpose To identify the modifiable risk factors for non-diagnostic results from CT-guided PTNB for anterior mediastinal lymphoma. Material and Methods This retrospective study identified CT-guided PTNB for anterior mediastinal lesions diagnosed as lymphoma between May 2007 and December 2021. The diagnostic sensitivity and complications were investigated. The appropriateness of PTNB targeting was evaluated using positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and images from intra-procedural CT-guided PTNB. Targeting was considered inappropriate when the supposed trajectory of the cutting needle was within a region of abnormally low metabolism. The risk factors for non-diagnostic results were determined using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 67 PTNBs in 60 patients were included. The diagnostic sensitivity for lymphoma was 76.1% (51/67), with an immediate complication rate of 4.5% (3/67). According to the PET/CT images, PTNB targeting was inappropriate in 10/14 (71.4%) of the non-diagnostic PTNBs but appropriate in all diagnostic PTNBs ( P <0.001). Inappropriate targeting was the only significant risk factor for non-diagnostic results (odds ratio = 203.69; 95% confidence interval = 8.17–999.99; P = 0.001). The number of specimen acquisitions was not associated with non-diagnostic results ( P = 0.40). Conclusions Only inappropriate targeting of the non-viable portion according to PET/CT was an independent risk factor for non-diagnostic results. Acquiring PET/CT scans before biopsy and targeting the viable portion on PET/CT may help improve the diagnostic sensitivity of PTNB.
Deep learning-accelerated T2-weighted imaging versus conventional T2-weighted imaging in the female pelvic cavity: image quality and diagnostic performance
Authors: Kim Hokun , Choi Moon Hyung , Lee Young Joon , Han Dongyeob , Mostapha Mahmoud , Nickel Dominik 
Published: February 2024

Background The deep learning (DL)-based reconstruction algorithm reduces noise in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thereby enabling faster MRI acquisition. Purpose To compare the image quality and diagnostic performance of conventional turbo spin-echo (TSE) T2-weighted (T2W) imaging with DL-accelerated sagittal T2W imaging in the female pelvic cavity. Methods This study evaluated 149 consecutive female pelvic MRI examinations, including conventional T2W imaging with TSE (acquisition time = 2:59) and DL-accelerated T2W imaging with breath hold (DL-BH) (1:05 [0:14 × 3 breath-holds]) in the sagittal plane. In 294 randomly ordered sagittal T2W images, two radiologists independently assessed image quality (sharpness, subjective noise, artifacts, and overall image quality), made a diagnosis for uterine leiomyomas, and scored diagnostic confidence. For the uterus and piriformis muscle, quantitative imaging analysis was also performed. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare the two sets of T2W images. Results In the qualitative analysis, DL-BH showed similar or significantly higher scores for all features than conventional T2W imaging ( P <0.05). In the quantitative analysis, the noise in the uterus was lower in DL-BH, but the noise in the muscle was lower in conventional T2W imaging. In the uterus and muscle, the signal-to-noise ratio was significantly lower in DL-BH than in conventional T2W imaging ( P <0.001). The diagnostic performance of the two sets of T2W images was not different for uterine leiomyoma. Conclusions DL-accelerated sagittal T2W imaging obtained with three breath-holds demonstrated superior or comparable image quality to conventional T2W imaging with no significant difference in diagnostic performance for uterine leiomyomas.
Comparison of serum uric acid levels between localised prostate cancer patients and a control group
Authors: Singh Satyaveer , Jaiswal Sanjeev , Faujdar Gaurav , Priyadarshi Shivam 
Published: February 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to find out whether serum uric acid levels in patients with localised prostate cancer differ from patients with lower urinary tract symptoms without carcinoma prostate. Material and methods: We performed a prospective observational study of 60 patients having age ⩾ 50 years with c/o lower urinary tract symptoms( LUTS) evaluated by digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and ultrasonography kidney, ureter, bladder (USG KUB) prostate and patients who were suspicious for carcinoma prostate underwent trans rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) biopsy of prostate. Patients with biopsy s/o prostate cancer were evaluated for metastasis and localised cancer patients were considered as CASE group. Patients with negative biopsy and other patients having LUTS were considered as CONTROL group. The age, serum uric acid level, PSA value, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and white blood cell (WBC) count were measured. Serum uric acid level was compared in both the groups. Results: The mean serum uric acid level was lower in prostate cancer group (4.77 mg/dl) than control group (6.22 mg/dl) that was statistically significant ( p < 0.001). The mean PSA value was 7.43 ng/dl in cancer group and 2.72 ng/dl in control group. ( p < 0.001). The mean C-reactive protein (CRP) values were 1.32 and 0.45 respectively ( p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were found 21 and 10.5 respectively ( p < 0.001)and total leucocyte counts (TLC) were found 6.450 and 5.120 respectively ( p < 0.001). All were statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: The serum uric acid levels measured in localised prostate cancer patients were found to be reduced compared to the control group and inflammatory markers were found to be increased. Decreased levels of serum uric acid and increased levels of inflammatory markers were determined as risk factors for prostate cancer.
Group polyphony and sexuality
Authors: Anderson Daniel 
Published: February 2024

This article explores the intersection between group analysis, feminism, and queer understandings of sexuality, aiming to initiate a dialogue and generate new insights in these fields. I examine key concepts from group analysis, such as the ‘group matrix’ and the ‘social unconscious’, to explore how therapeutic groups can generate openness to others and differences. The article presents group analysis as a historically grounded psychosocial theory capable of bridging gaps between discourses to generate new ways of understanding social identities. The term ‘figuration’ borrowed from feminist and group analytic theory serves as a framework to synthesise conflicting perspectives, with the analytic group serving as a dynamic space of creative tension. By exploring this shared term, previously unconnected subjects can find potential common ground. Elizabeth Freeman’s exploration of queer temporalities and spaces is then considered, followed by an examination of symmetric and asymmetric logic by psychoanalyst Ignatio Matte Blanco. These concepts shed light on conscious and unconscious modes of thought. By juxtaposing the histories of figuration alongside symmetric and asymmetric logic, the article elucidates the consequences for group analysis in understanding sexuality and gender. The group analytic concept of the location of disturbance and the processes involving logic and counter-logic within the analytic group matrix are instrumental in delineating these consequences. By bridging the gaps between fields and encouraging creative engagement, the article contributes to expanding the understanding of sexuality and gender within the context of group analytic theory.
Dynamic tensile properties of flax fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Yan Zhi-Wei , Bai Yu-Lei , Zhou Qing-Chang 
Published: February 2024

Flax fibers have been widely used as reinforcing materials due to the growing demand for the development of sustainable materials. They are cost-effective and have excellent mechanical properties. In this study, the dynamic tensile properties of flax FRP coupons were tested using an Instron VHS high rate testing system. The effect of strain rate on the failure process, failure modes, tensile strength, failure strain, and Young’s modulus of flax FRP coupons were discussed and analyzed within the strain rate less than 164.2 s−1. The failure process at different strain rates were captured by a high-speed camera. It was observed that the specimen failed with only one cross-sectional fracture at a relatively low strain rate. At a relatively high strain rate, more than one fracture was observed. The experimental results indicated that the dynamic tensile strength increased, failure strain decreased, and Young’s modulus remained almost unchanged when the strain rate was less than 41.3 s−1. As it was over 41.3 s−1, the dynamic tensile strength, failure strain, and Young’s modulus had a prominent rise. To describe the dynamic tensile strength, failure strain, and Young’s modulus at a certain strain rate, empirical equations based on the experimental data were proposed for reference.
Engagement With Remote Delivery Channels in a Physical Activity Intervention for Senior Women in the US
Authors: Mendoza-Vasconez Andrea S. , King Abby C. , Chandler Gabriel , Mackey Sally , Follis Shawna , Stefanick Marcia L. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose Identify the effects of engagement with different intervention delivery channels on physical activity (PA), and the participant subgroups engaging with the different channels, among Women’s Health Initiative Strong and Healthy ( WHISH) PA trial participants. Design Secondary analysis of data from WHISH, a pragmatic trial that used passive randomized consent. Setting United States (remote intervention in all 50 states). Sample 18,080 U.S. women, aged 68-99 years, assigned to the WHISH PA intervention arm. Measures 6 dichotomous variables operationalized engagement: Engagement with Targeted Inserts, Email (opened), Email (clicked links), Website (logging in), Website (tracking), Interactive Voice Response (IVR). PA was measured using the CHAMPS PA questionnaire. Analysis Linear regressions evaluated effects of engagement on PA. Conditional Inference Trees identified subgroups of participants engaging with different channels based on demographic and psychosocial variables. Results Engagement with each channel, except IVR, was associated with significantly more hours/week of PA (square root coefficients .29 - .13, P values <.001). Consistently across channels, features that identified subgroups of participants with higher engagement included younger age, and higher levels of PA and physical function. Subgroups with the highest engagement differed from those with the lowest in most participant characteristics. Conclusions For equitable population-level impact via large-scale remotely-delivered PA programs, it may be necessary to identify strategies to engage and target harder to reach subgroups more precisely. Clinical Trial Registration The WHISH trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (No. NCT02425345).
Characteristics of Fatal Accidents due to Exogenous Causes at Ski Resorts in Japan Over the Past 13 Years: A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Tanaka Shota , Sagisaka Ryo , Nakagawa Koshi , Tanaka Hideharu 
Published: February 2024

Introduction The characteristics of ski- and snowboard-related fatalities at Japanese ski resorts remain unknown. We aimed to analyze the characteristics of this in the current study. Methods Using the Ski Resort Injury Report data for the 13-y period between the 2011–12 and 2022–23 seasons, we described the characteristics of fatal accidents due to exogenous causes. Results Eighty-four subjects (48 skiers and 36 snowboarders) were analyzed. Males accounted for 73 cases of all 84 fatalities (86.9%), including 44 skiers (91.7%) and 29 snowboarders (80.6%). Skiers aged ≥50 y and snowboarders aged 20–35 y had the highest number of fatal accidents (32 and 18 cases, respectively). Regarding location, 26 fatal accidents occurred on slopes, and 58 occurred out of slopes (skiers, 11 and 37 cases; snowboarders, 15 and 21 cases, respectively). Among skiers, head and neck trauma accounted for the cause of death in 13 cases (27.1%) and asphyxiation in 11 cases (22.9%). Among snowboarders, head and neck trauma accounted for the cause of death in 14 cases (38.9%) and asphyxiation in 14 cases (38.9%). Conclusions Males, particularly those aged ≥50 among skiers and 20−35 among snowboarders, should be wary of the potential for injuries to the head, neck, and airway when skiing or snowboarding. In this study, traumatic deaths from crashing into trees and asphyxiation from deep snow immersion accidents accounted for approximately half of fatal ski accidents in Japan.
A modified technique for arteriovenous fistula anastomosis: Preserving the surrounding tissue of the vein without the use of vascular clamps
Authors: Xiaohe Wang , Jie Li , Zhen Liu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Guocun Hou 
Published: February 2024

Background: This pilot study describes a new technique for creating an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and presents the preliminary outcomes after 1 year of follow-up. Methods: The study included 19 patients (10 males, 9 females) with a mean age of 62 years (range 26–88 years). All patients received an AVF using a modified technique in which the surrounding tissues were not removed from the veins and no elastic loops or vascular clamps were used. Results: Immediate patency was obtained for all patients. The proportion of patients experiencing primary patency at 30 days and 6 months was 89.5% and 83.1%, respectively, and cumulative patency at 30 days and 6 months was 100%. At 1 year of follow-up, primary patency was 83.1% and cumulative patency was 100%. Conclusions: Complete preservation of the surrounding venous tissue in the absence of vascular clamps successfully established AVF, with a high surgical success rate.