bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisit the entanglement entropy with gravitational anomaly
Authors: He Peng-Zhang , Zhang Hai-Qing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper we study the entanglement entropy in the CFT2, whose gravity dual is AdS3 spacetime with a Chern-Simons term. Using the generalized Rindler method, we obtain the Rindler transformation in the two-dimensional planar CFT and compute the entanglement entropy of the CFT with gravitational anomalies. The conditions under which the entanglement entropy may have anomalous contributions is also discussed. In addition, we present a relatively general form of the Rindler AdS metric and compute its thermal entropy, which agrees with the entanglement entropy in the field theory. Moreover, we utilize the conformal transformation, which maps a cylinder to a plane, to compute the entanglement entropy of the CFT residing on a cylinder, as well as the entanglement entropy of the CFT at finite temperature on a plane. The corresponding contribution of the Chern-Simons term in gravity to the black hole thermal entropy is also obtained from this approach. These results are important for further understandings of the two-dimensional CFT with gravitational anomalies.
Safety and efficacy of helical tomotherapy following lung-sparing surgery in locally advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Layer Julian P. , Fischer Pascal , Dejonckheere Cas S. , Sarria Gustavo R. , Mispelbaum Rebekka , Hattenhauer Tessa , Wiegreffe Shari , Glasmacher Andrea R. , Layer Katharina , Nour Youness , Caglayan Lara , Grau Franziska , Müdder Thomas , Köksal Mümtaz , Scafa Davide , Giordano Frank A. , Lopez-Pastorini Alberto , Stoelben Erich , Schmeel Leonard Christopher , Leitzen Christina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the value of radiation therapy (RT) with helical tomotherapy (HT) in the management of locally advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) receiving no or lung-sparing surgery.

Methods
Consecutive MPM cases not undergoing extrapleural pneumonectomy and receiving intensity-modulated (IM) HT were retrospectively evaluated for local control, distant control, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Impact of age, systemic treatment, RT dose, and recurrence patterns was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. As a secondary endpoint, reported toxicity was assessed.

Results
A total of 34 localized MPM cases undergoing IMHT were identified, of which follow-up data were available for 31 patients. Grade 3 side effects were experienced by 26.7% of patients and there were no grade 4 or 5 events observed. Median PFS was 19 months. Median OS was 20 months and the rates for 1‑ and 2‑year OS were 86.2 and 41.4%, respectively. OS was significantly superior for patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.008).

Conclusion
IMHT of locally advanced MPM after lung-sparing surgery is safe and feasible, resulting in satisfactory local control and survival. Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improves OS. Randomized clinical trials incorporating modern RT techniques as a component of trimodal treatment are warranted to establish an evidence-based standard of care pattern for locally advanced MPM.
Characterization of crystallization kinetics in Polyamide 6 with a focus on modeling the thermoforming process: experiments, modeling, simulations
Authors: Kulkarni Sameer , Reuvers Marie-Christine , Brepols Tim , Reese Stefanie , Johlitz Michael , Lion Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThermoforming of continuous fiber-reinforced plastics made of semi-crystalline thermoplastics has gained significant interest due to its potential for producing lightweight and high-strength components for various applications. Before thermoforming, a laminate is heated to a temperature beyond the melting point of the thermoplastic. During the subsequent forming process, the laminate is continuously cooled, which triggers non-isothermal crystallization in the semi-crystalline matrix material. In this context, the study of crystallization kinetics is crucial in identifying phase transition, analyzing exothermic latent heat during crystallization and determining inhomogeneous crystallinity distribution caused by uneven cooling in the laminate’s thickness direction. This contribution primarily deals with experimental investigations, modeling and finite element simulations for characterizing the crystallization kinetics in the matrix material, Polyamide 6 and investigating the aforementioned factors. To model the crystallization kinetics, an extended form of the Avrami model, known as the modified Nakamura–Ziabicki model, is adopted. The parameters for the modified Nakamura–Ziabicki model, which depend on the local cooling rates, are identified based on fitting the model to flash DSC (differential scanning calorimetry with high cooling rates) and standard DSC non-isothermal cooling experiments. Finally, the model is implemented into the commercial FE software COMSOL Multiphysics® and the crystallinity evolution in the laminate is simulated for the process-relevant die and laminate temperatures and laminate thicknesses.
QTAIM based descriptors for the classification of acrylates
Authors: Rincón David A. , Escorcia Ana J. , Doerr Markus , Daza Martha C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcrylates are used in cosmetics, orthopedics, paints, coatings, adhesives, textiles, and biomedical applications such as contact lenses and bone cements. However, some acrylates are mutagenic and the aim of this article is to explain the mutagenicity in terms of the atomic population redistribution in the molecule using two new descriptors which are based on atomic populations framed in the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. They describe the electron-withdrawing effect of a group of atoms in a molecule. The descriptors consider substituents of prop-2-enoates, the number of the acrolein units and the electrophilicity. The cluster analysis using these descriptors allows to classify acrylates in terms of the number of acrolein backbones and the type of the substituent group. Five main groups can be distinguished: monoacrylates with monomethacrylates, diacrylates with dimethacrylates, triacrylates, trimethacrylate and monoacrylates with electron-rich substituents. The substituents of mutagenic acrylates are electron withdrawing. This makes the acrolein backbone β-carbon more electrophilic and the molecule more reactive.
Carbohydrates and mineral substances in sweet chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) from important growing areas in Slovakia
Authors: Musilová Janette , Fedorková Silvia , Podhorecká Klára , Harangozo Ľuboš , Mesárošová Andrea , Vollmannová Alena , Lidiková Judita , Čeryová Natália , Ňorbová Monika , Orsák Matyáš 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe cultivation of sweet chestnuts in Slovakia has a century-year-old tradition. However, just a few research publications provide more comprehensive information about the chestnuts’ chemical composition of different varieties in individual growing areas. Sweet chestnuts contain various nutrients, of which carbohydrates are very important for assessing their commercial quality. Simple carbohydrates are mainly represented by glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose. The content of glucose was 0.178–3.152, fructose 0.271–3.170, sucrose 9.355–29.890, and maltose 0.171–1.584 g/100 g DW in chestnut samples from 27 sampling points, which are part of Slovakia’s four largest growing areas of sweet chestnuts. Carbohydrate contents were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-RI) method. There are statistically proven differences in the content of individual carbohydrates depending on the sampling area of chestnuts. Potassium has a significant presence in sweet chestnuts as a mineral substance. Its content was determined in the 377–789 mg/100 g DW range. The content of sodium (calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) was 0.65–6.90 (26.9–103, 58.7–101, and 96.5–179) mg/100 g DW. The contents of mineral substances were determined by the AAS method. The content of carbohydrates and mineral substances is mainly influenced by variety and age.
Whole-body MRI for the investigation of joint involvement in inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Freeston Jane , Marzetti Matthew , Larkman Neal , Rowbotham Emma , Emery Paul , Grainger Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to develop a novel whole-body MRI protocol capable of assessing inflammatory arthritis at an early stage in multiple joints in one examination.

Materials and methods
Forty-six patients with inflammatory joint symptoms and 9 healthy volunteers underwent whole-body MR imaging on a 3.0 T MRI scanner in this prospective study. Image quality and pathology in each joint, bursae, entheses and tendons were scored by two of three radiologists and compared to clinical joint scores. Participants were divided into three groups based on diagnosis at 1-year follow-up (healthy volunteers, rheumatoid arthritis and all other types of arthritis). Radiology scores were compared between the three groups using a Kruskal-Wallis test. The clinical utility of radiology scoring was compared to clinical scoring using ROC analysis.

Results
A protocol capable of whole-body MR imaging of the joints with an image acquisition time under 20 min was developed with excellent image quality. Synovitis scores were significantly higher in patients who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis at 12 months (p < 0.05). Radiology scoring of bursitis showed statistically significant differences between each of the three groups—healthy control, rheumatoid arthritis and non-rheumatoid arthritis (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROC analysis between MRI and clinical scores.

Conclusion
This study has developed a whole-body MRI joint imaging protocol that is clinically feasible and shows good differentiation of joint pathology between healthy controls, patients with rheumatoid arthritis and patients with other forms of arthritis.
Personality disorders: the impact of severity on societal costs
Authors: Sveen Carl-Aksel , Pedersen Geir , Hummelen Benjamin , Kvarstein Elfrida Hartveit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Personality disorders (PDs) are associated with high levels of societal costs. However, previous research has found limited or no evidence of unique contributions of individual PD categories on the overall level of societal costs. Recent research supports the validity of PD as a dimensional construct, and PD severity may be a better predictor of societal costs than specific PD categories. The aim of this study was to explore if PD severity could predict the level of societal costs among treatment-seeking patients with PDs, while controlling for the impact of comorbid mental health and substance use disorders. Four different severity indicators were explored: the number of PDs, the total number of PD criteria, the number of BPD criteria, and the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) from the alternative model in DSM-5. Participants (n = 798/794) were retrieved from the quality register of the Norwegian Network for Personality Disorders for the period 2017–2020. Societal costs were assessed using a structured interview covering the six-month period prior to assessment. Diagnoses and diagnostic criteria were determined using a semi-structured diagnostic interview (SCID-5-PD and M.I.N.I), and the LPFS was assessed by the LPFS-Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0) questionnaire. Statistics included multiple regression analyses. None of the severity indicators were significant predictors of overall societal costs among treatment-seeking patients, and effect sizes were small.
A comparison of maceration methods for the preparation of infant skeletal remains for forensic anthropological analysis
Authors: Keyes C. A. , Giltrow K. R. , Mahon T.-J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVery little literature currently exists prescribing which maceration method to use when preparing infant human remains, resulting in bone quality that is suitable for forensic anthropological analysis. The aim of the study was to test five maceration methods to determine which is most suitable for infant remains for forensic anthropological analysis. The sample included five neonate pig carcasses (Sus scrofa domesticus), ranging between one to three days old. Five maceration methods were tested on the pig carcasses (one pig per maceration method) to determine their effectiveness. The methods included invertebrate maceration by meal worms, chemical maceration by bleach, chemical maceration by borax solution, enzymatic maceration by laundry detergent and sodium carbonate solution, and chemical maceration by sodium hypochlorite. A scoring method was created to assess the effectiveness of each maceration method. Invertebrate maceration and chemical maceration using bleach were the least successful methods of maceration (total maceration score = 8 respectively). Chemical maceration using borax and chemical maceration using sodium hypochlorite achieved complete maceration of the skeletal remains; however, they both resulted in artifacts that are unsuitable for forensic analysis (total maceration score = 14 respectively). Enzymatic maceration using laundry detergent and sodium carbonate was the most successful method (total maceration score = 17). The detergent technique subsequently successfully macerated all five sets of infant human remains. This study has validated that the enzymatic maceration technique using laundry detergent and sodium carbonate can be used to effectively macerate the remains of infant skeletal remains for forensic anthropological analysis.
Repetitive high-sustained gravitoinertial stress does not modulate pressure responsiveness to peripheral sympathetic stimulation
Authors: Keramidas Michail E. , Kölegård Roger , Elia Antonis , Sköldefors Håkan , Eiken Ola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We evaluated the hypothesis that repetitive gravitoinertial stress would augment the arterial-pressure response to peripheral sympathetic stimulation.

Methods
Before and after a 5-weeks G-training regimen conducted in a human-use centrifuge, twenty healthy men performed a hand cold-pressor test, and nine of them also a foot cold-pressor test (4 min; 4 °C water). Arterial pressures and total peripheral resistance were monitored.

Results
The cold-induced elevation (P ≤ 0.002) in arterial pressures and total peripheral resistance did not vary between testing periods, either in the hand [mean arterial pressure: Before =  + 16% vs. After =  + 17% and total peripheral resistance: Before =  + 13% vs. After =  + 15%], or in the foot [mean arterial pressure: Before =  + 19% vs. After =  + 21% and total peripheral resistance: Before =  + 16% vs. After =  + 16%] cold-pressor tests (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Present results demonstrate that 5 weeks of prolonged iterative exposure to hypergravity does not alter the responsiveness of sympathetically mediated circulatory reflexes.
Predictive value of the five-repetition sit-to-stand test for outcomes after surgery for lumbar disc herniation: prospective study
Authors: Klukowska Anita M. , Staartjes Victor E. , Dol Manon , Vandertop W. Peter , Schröder Marc L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
It is unknown whether presence of pre-operative objective functional impairment (OFI) can predict post-operative outcomes in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). We aimed to determine whether pre-operative OFI measured by the five-repetition sit-to-stand test (5R-STS) could predict outcomes at 12-months post-discectomy.

Methods
Adult patients with LDH scheduled for surgery were prospectively recruited from a Dutch short-stay spinal clinic. The 5R-STS time and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) including Oswestry Disability Index, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, EQ-5D-3L health-related quality of life, EQ5D-VAS and ability to work were recorded pre-operatively and at 12-months. A 5R-STS time cut-off of ≥ 10.5 s was used to determine OFI. Mann–Whitney and Chi-square tests were employed to determine significant differences in post-operative outcomes between groups stratified by presence of pre-operative OFI.

Results
We recruited 134 patients in a prospective study. Twelve-month follow-up was completed by 103 (76.8%) patients. Mean age was 53.2 ± 14.35 years and 50 (48.5%) patients were female. Pre-operatively, 53 (51.5%) patients had OFI and 50 (48.5%) did not. Post-operatively, patients with OFI experienced a significantly greater mean change (p < 0.001) across all PROMs compared to patients without OFI, except leg pain (p = 0.176). There were no significant differences in absolute PROMs between groups at 12-months (all p > 0.05).

Conclusions
The presence of OFI based on 5R-STS time does not appear to decrease a patient’s likelihood of experiencing satisfactory post-operative outcomes. The 5R-STS cannot predict how a patient with LDH will respond to surgery at 12-month follow-up.
Arizona Groundwater Explorer: interactive maps for evaluating the historical and current groundwater conditions in wells in Arizona, USA
Authors: Tillman Fred D , Flynn Marilyn E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGroundwater is an important water source in Arizona, accounting for about 41% of water use in this mostly arid-to-semiarid state in the southwestern United States, and the availability of groundwater resources in the state is a concern. To provide accessible information from depth-to-groundwater data, a series of web-based interactive maps were developed, called the Arizona Groundwater Explorer (AGEx). Scripts were written to harmonize and synthesize groundwater datasets from the two largest publicly available sources, subset these data to address different groundwater availability questions, and display the results in online, interactive maps. The combined dataset contained 1,820,122 depth-to-groundwater measurements from 1891 through 2022 from 41,918 wells in Arizona. Data views are provided for 20 topics, including recent (2020 or later) depth to groundwater (4,569 wells), historical (pre-1950) depth to groundwater (4,287 wells), wells with long-term (≥50 years) records (1,183 wells), wells with recent groundwater level decline (277 wells), wells with recent groundwater level rise (120 wells), and linear trends in groundwater levels over ten 10-year periods (number of wells ranging from 341 in 1978–1987 to 1,208 in 2003–2012), among others. With ongoing drought in the region resulting in declining surface-water supplies in Arizona, groundwater may play an even larger role in satisfying water needs in the state. The AGEx series of maps provides a nonspecialist audience with an improved understanding of historical, current, and changes in groundwater levels in Arizona.
The generalized E-DVA method: a new approach for multi-modal pushover analysis under multi-component earthquakes with local variables maximization
Authors: Lherminier Olivier , Erlicher Silvano , Huguet Miquel , Civera Marco , Ceravolo Rosario , Barakat Maxime 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPushover analysis is a common nonlinear static procedure, performed to evaluate seismic response of civil structures. This approach allows considering the structural nonlinear behavior under earthquake loading in a simplified yet effective way; however, in its classic formulation, it is limited by restrictive and unrealistic assumptions. Thus, the basic method is inadequate for the accurate analysis of buildings without a vertical plane of symmetry and/or for multi-component earthquakes, where torsion effects cannot be neglected. Furthermore, standard pushover analysis only comprises one dominant mode of vibration; higher modes, and therefore their effects, are not accounted for. For all these reasons, the standard technique is generally not considered suitable for the assessment of buildings at high risk of natural-technological (NaTech) events, such as nuclear facilities in areas of high seismic activity. To overcome these limitations, a multi-modal pushover analysis procedure is here tested and validated on the data from a non-symmetric structure (the SMART case study) under multi-component earthquakes. In detail, the procedure applies a linear combination of modal load patterns, defined according to the well-established Direct Vectorial Addition (DVA) method. With respect to other existing multi-modal pushover analysis techniques, elliptical response envelopes are employed to calculate the corresponding combination factors. Innovatively, the identification of the dominant modes for the load pattern is not limited to the classic maximization of the forces at the basis of a structure but rather generalized to shear and displacement maximization at different heights and locations throughout the whole structural frame.
A quantitative assessment of natural and anthropogenic effects on the occurrence of high air pollution loading in Dhaka and neighboring cities and health consequences
Authors: Khan Riaz Hossain , Quayyum Zahidul , Rahman Shahanaj 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough existing studies mainly focused on the air quality status in Bangladesh, quantifying the natural and manmade effects, the frequency of high pollution levels, and the associated health risks remained beyond detailed investigation. Air quality and meteorological data from the Department of Environment for 2012–2019 were analyzed, attempting to answer those questions. Cluster analysis of PM2.5, PM10, and gaseous pollutants implied that Dhaka and neighboring cities, Narayangonj and Gazipur, are from similar sources compared to the other major cities in the country. Apart from the transboundary sources, land use types and climate parameters unevenly affected local pollution loadings across city domains. The particulate concentrations persistently remained above the national standard for almost half the year, with the peaks during the dry months. Even though nitrogen oxides remained high in all three cities, other gaseous pollutants, such as CO and O3, except SO2, showed elevated concentrations solely in Dhaka city. Concentrations of gaseous pollutants in Dhaka vary spatially, but no statistical differences could be discerned between the working days and holidays. Frequency analysis results and hazard quotients revealed the likelihood of adverse health outcomes in Narayangonj ensuing from particulate exposures surpasses the other cities for different age, gender, and occupation groups. Nonetheless, school-aged children and construction workers were most at risk from chronic exposure to gaseous pollutants mostly in Dhaka. One limitation of this study was that the routine air quality monitoring happens just from five sites, making the evidence-based study concerning health outcomes quite challenging.
Does code review speed matter for practitioners?
Authors: Kudrjavets Gunnar , Rastogi Ayushi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreasing code velocity is a common goal for a variety of software projects. The efficiency of the code review process significantly impacts how fast the code gets merged into the final product and reaches the customers. We conducted a qualitative survey to study the code velocity-related beliefs and practices in place. We analyzed 75 completed surveys from SurIndustryDevs participants from the industry and 36 from the open-source community. Our critical findings are (a) the industry and open-source community hold a similar set of beliefs, (b) quick reaction time is of utmost importance and applies to the tooling infrastructure and the behavior of other engineers, (c) time-to-merge is the essential code review metric to improve, (d) engineers are divided about the benefits of increased code velocity for their career growth, (e) the controlled application of the commit-then-review model can increase code velocity. Our study supports the continued need to invest in and improve code velocity regardless of the underlying organizational ecosystem.