bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor(TGF)‐β1 induces leukemic cell‐growth‐promoting activity in fibroblast cells.
Authors: Komatsu K. , Nakamura H. , Akedo H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe production of the leukemic cell‐growth‐promoting factor (LGF) in TGF‐β1‐treated fibroblast cells was studied. BALB/c3T3 mouse fibroblast(3T3) cells cultured in Eagle's medium containing a low concentration of TGF‐β1 (0.04‐1 ng/ml) secreted 3‐5 times more LGF than the cells cultured in the absence of TGF‐β1. The amount of LGF secretion was dose‐dependent on the concentration of post‐cultured medium and time‐dependent after the addition of TGF‐β1. Similar findings were obtained in human diploid fibroblasts, WI‐38 cells. LGF is a 18KD glycoprotein that is acid‐stable but heat‐unstable.
Is actin involved in the nuclear division in Amoeba proteus?
Authors: Pomorski Pawel , Grebecka Lucyna 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDuring semi‐open mitosis of Amoeba proteus the nuclear envelope is not dispersed and nucleus divides by fission. The presence of actin layer close to nuclear envelope was demonstrated in interphase and telophase nuclei of that amoeba stained with rhodamine labelled phalloidin. In telophase, an accumulation of actin arises in the space between the future daughter nuclei. It appears to be comparable with the contractile ring of dividing cells. This suggests that actin associated with the nuclear envelope of Amoeba proteus may be involved in final separation of the daughter nuclei, forming a constriction ring at the middle of dividing nucleus.
Chemical and cryo‐fixation for cadmium retention in a marine snail.
Authors: Nott J. A. , Ryan K. P. , Mavin L. J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn the hepatopancreas of the marine snail Littorina littorea, tissue structure and elemental analysis are both adversely affected by dosage with cadmium (Cd) and preservation with an aqueous fixative saturated with hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The fixative, with and without H2S, leaches the intracellular phosphate and carbonate granules but the latter are more severely leached when H2S is added. When intracellular accumulations of cadmium are examined by X‐ray microanalysis (XRMA) cadmium retention is not enhanced by H2S. To obtain a balanced XRMA of cadmium with other labile elements like Mg and K, it is necessary to use cryo‐fixation.
Em evidence of myoblast origin in regenerating human skeletal muscle explants
Authors: Naidoo Poovalingam R. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEM study of cultured human skeletal muscle explants on 10 consecutive days after incubation made possible a record for the first time, the early events occurring during regeneration. After incubation, normal myonuclei underwent activation and dense granulation. Some myonuclei showed early transformation to presumptive myoblasts. The conclusion was that myonuclei transformed into myoblasts which developed into satellite cells (SC). These SC of myonuclear origin, proliferated, and fused forming myotubes that matured into myofibres, replacing damaged muscle. The findings have new implications for the current myoblast / cell transplant and gene transfer therapy research which may provide possible answers for muscular dystrophy in the future.
Gene regulation in intertypic heterokaryons of Solanum tuberosum and Nicotiana tabacum tissue protoplasts
Authors: van Kesteren W. J. P. , Bijmolt E. W. , Tempelaar M. J. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTActivities of the ß‐glucuronidase (GUS) reporter enzyme were evaluated in transgenic plants, protoplasts, and intertypic heterokaryons of Solanum tuberosum and Nicotiana tabacum. With GUS under control of the promoter of the cauliflower‐mosaicvirus 35S RNA gene (CaMV), activities of the enzyme were nearly evenly distributed over the tissues of plants grown in vitro. Activities in microtubers of potato plants with the reporterenzyme under control of the promoter of granule‐bound starch synthase (GBSS) from S. tuberosum were higher than in leaves. The CaMV‐GUS construct present in leaf protoplasts showed an increased expression in biochemical and cytochemical assays after fusion with wildtype‐tuber protoplasts. Such an increase was not observed in the case of the GBSS‐GUS constructs. It was concluded that nuclei in plant heterokaryons are being influenced by the fusion partner, but that repressive, trans‐acting regulation factors in leaf protoplasts possibly prevent an increase of the expression of the chimeric GBSS‐gene in heterokaryons.
Microexudate‐mediated release of lipids is necessary for growth of Acanthamoeba cells.
Authors: Pigon Andrew 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTSynthetic medium collected from stationary phase cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii can support limited growth of these cells if lipids are first extracted. Conditioned medium contains several lipids, both saponifiable and non‐saponifiable. Release of these lipids is probably mediated by release of microexudate, a large‐molecular complex with surface‐active properties.
Co‐culture, oviduct secretion and the function of oviduct‐specific glycoproteins.
Authors: Nancarrow Colin D. , Hill Julia L. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractCo‐cultures of embryos with somatic cells, usually in the form of monolayers, or conditioned medium from these somatic cells, results in development past the early stage blocks and the formation of hatched blastocysts. Optimum rates of development are not achieved, however, and the task is to investigate components of the oviduct that are obligatory or facilitative for embryo development. Glycine and alanine are amino acids present in much higher concentrations in oviduct fluid than in serum or culture media. Glycoproteins specifically produced by the oviduct around oestrus bind to embryos and aid development but are absent from most culture media. These glycoproteins are induced by oestrogen in vivo but not in vitro. It is our contention that co‐cultures of mammalian embryos should include appropriate concentrations of amino acids and a source of embryotrophic glycoproteins as an additive or by including stromal cells in addition to epithelial cells.
Protective effects of nocardia delipidated cell mitogen on the mucosa of the small intestine after irradiation of germ‐free piglets.
Authors: Kozakova Hana , Mandel Leos , Trebichavsky Ilja , Kolinska Jirina , Barot‐Ciorbaru Rita 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTThe radioprotective effect of the bacterial immunomodulator Nocardia delipidated cell mitogen (NDCM) on intestinal mucosa and disaccharidase activities was studied in irradiated germ‐free piglets. Three‐week‐old germ‐free (GF) piglets were intragastrically pretreated with 1 mg NDCM per 1 kg body weight. The piglets were whole‐body irradiated with 2.5 Gray five days after the NDCM pretreatment and sacrificed eight days after irradiation. In the non‐irradiated group of GF piglets, NDCM application stimulated lactase activity and markedly increased sucrase activity. This stimulatory effect of NDCM disappeared after irradiation and the piglets exhibited a normal activity of lactase in the jejunal brush‐border membrane vesicles, while the sucrase activity decreased to the level found in irradiated controls. NDCM‐pretreated intestinal mucosa contained some infrequent lymphocytes which disappeared from the control irradiated tissue. It also exhibited less injury of the epithelium and stroma cells.
GLYCOPROTEINS OF THE NUCLEAR MATRIX FROM CHICKEN LIVER CELLS
Authors: Ferraro Anna , Eufemi Margherita , Altieri Fabio , Cervoni Laura , Turano Carlo 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTThe nuclear matrix from chicken liver cells contains a small amount of glycoproteins recognized by Concanavalin A. These proteins are present not only in the peripheral matrix, but also in the internal one. In this latter localization many glycoprotein species appear, by cross‐linking experiments, to be placed in the proximity of DNA. The effect of a partial enzymatic deglycosylation of matrix preparations suggests that these proteins contribute to the stabilization of the native matrix structure.
Identification of a macrophage‐like mSubset in the axial organ sea star Asterias rubens.
Authors: Leclerc M. , Maitre F. , Contrepois L. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTThe axial organ of the sea star Asterias rubens is a primitive immune organ. In addition to T and B‐like cells phagocytic cells were also identified. In this report we demonstrate that these cells can be identified using immunocytochemistry together with the mouse to human monoclonal antibody CD68 KP1, normally used as a macrophage marker.
Transforming growth factor‐beta 3.
Authors: Cox David A. 
Published: September 2002

ABSTRACTTransforming Growth Factor‐Beta (TGF‐β) is the general name for a family of naturally‐occurring polypeptides which have multiple regulatory effects on cell proliferation and differentiation. Over the last decade it has become apparent that TGF‐βs can be produced by most cell types and exert a wide range of effects in a context‐dependent autocrine, paracrine or endocrine fashion via interactions with distinct receptors on the cell surface. This review summarizes current knowledge concerning the molecular and cellular biology of TGF‐β3, the most recently described mammalian isoform, and focuses on those physiological actions which may lead to clinical applications, particularly in the indication areas of wound healing and chemoprotection.
DISTRIBUTION OF ANNEXIN I DURING NON‐PATHOGEN OR PATHOGEN PHAGOCYTOSIS BY CONFOCAL IMAGING AND IMMUNOGOLD ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: HARRICANE MARIE‐CÉCILE , CARON EMMANUELLE , PORTE FRANÇOISE , LIAUTARD JEAN‐PIERRE 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAnnexin I is an abundant protein in U937 cells differentiated towards a macrophagic phenotype. These cells become able to killEscherichia coli, however, the intracellular pathogenBrucella suis, known to interfere with phagosome maturation, multiply in these differentiated cells. We have analysed by confocal and electron microscopy the cellular localization of annexin I during phagocytosis of yeast, non‐pathogenicE. coliand the intracellular pathogenB. suis. Using immunocytochemical detections annexin I was found mainly as patches in the cytoplasm of uninfected cells. Upon phagocytosis of yeast orE. coliorganisms, annexin I rapidly translocated and concentrated around phagosomes. On the other hand, annexin I was never detected around liveB. suis‐containing phagosomes. However, when dead brucellae were used, annexin I did translocate to the periphagosomal region. Our results suggest that annexin I could play a role in the molecular mechanism of phagosome maturation, which is impaired by some intracellular pathogens.
ANTISENSE INHIBITION OF THE 27 kDa HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN PRODUCTION AFFECTS GROWTH RATE AND CYTOSKELETAL ORGANIZATION IN MCF‐7 CELLS
Authors: MAIRESSE N. , HORMAN S. , MOSSELMANS R. , GALAND P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractMCF‐7 cells were co‐transfected with the human HSP27 antisense cDNA and the neomycin resistance gene, included in the constitutive expression vector pSVL, and the phenotypical changes associated with decreased expression of the HSP27 protein were analysed. Three out of 10 neomycin‐resistant clones obtained proliferated normally and showed a normal HSP27 content (Western blot). The seven other clones (designated as αHSP27 clones) were characterized by a dramatic growth inhibition associated with alterations in cellular morphology. Cells became progressively hypertrophied, exhibited lamellar protrusions and tended to lose contact with each other. They also acquired characteristics of secretory cells, namely the presence of numerous refractile granules and secretory canaliculi. Among the αHSP27 clones, two were immunocytochemically analysed for HSP27 content. Both clones were immunonegative for HSP27, contrary to parental cells and neo transfectants. Actin immunostaining in one of these HSP27 negative clones revealed that microfilament organization changed from diffuse to punctate distribution. Our data support the current concept of a role for HSP27 in cell growth and differentiation and further suggests that this might occur through a control on actin polymerization‐depolymerization.
IMPRINTING EFFECTS OF THREE AMINO ACIDS (ALANINE, LYSINE AND GLYCINE) AND THEIR OLIGOPEPTIDES INTETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS. DATA FROM THE HORMONE AND HORMONE RECEPTOR EVOLUTION
Authors: CSABA GYÖRGY , KOVÁCS PÉTER , NOSZÁL BÉLA 
Published: September 2002

AbstractHormonal imprinting takes place at the first encounter of the hormone and receptor, and results in a changed binding capacity and reaction of the cell and its progeny generations. The imprinting effect of three amino acids and their oligopeptides is studied using fluorescent‐labelled peptides. Glycine and lysine could provoke positive imprinting (increased binding in the progeny generations) for their own peptides, but alanine could not. Mostly positive imprinting was provoked by glycine and lysine peptides for their own peptides of different chain length. The optimal chain length provoking self‐imprinting was four for glycine, two for lysine and three for alanine. Except in this case, alanine was neutral or provoked mostly negative imprinting. After reaching the optimal chain length, there is a decline in binding. Evolutionary conclusions are discussed.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF GABA IN CHAMELEON RETINA (CHAMALEO CHAMALEO)
Authors: QUESADA A. , CHMIELEWSKI C. , GÉNIS‐GÁLVEZ J. M. , PRADA F. A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe used a policlonal antiserum against GABA and demonstated GABA‐immunoreactivity (GABA‐IR) in several populations of amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL), and other cells in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the central and peripheral retina of the chameleon. Horizontal cells do not contain GABA‐IR and the chameleon retina is therefore an exception among non‐mammals. GABA‐IR was not seen in cell bodies in the position of photoreceptor, bipolar and interplexiform cells suggesting that GABA is not involved in synaptic transmission in the outer plexiform layer of chameleon retina.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE SYNTHESIS OF THE NATRIURETIC HORMONE DOPAMINE IN OK AND LLC‐PK1CELLS
Authors: SOARES‐DA‐SILVA P. , SERRÃO M. P. , VIEIRA‐COELHO M. A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTheVmaxvalues (in nmol/mg protein/15 min) for AAAD in OK cells (0.94±0.08) were found to be significantly (P<0.01) lower than those observed in LLC‐PK1cells (4.37±0.08). However, in both cell lines decarboxylation reaction was a saturable process with similarKmvalues (OK cells=1.1 mm(0.3, 1.8); LLC‐PK1cells=1.8 mm(1.6, 2.1)). Contrariwise to OK cells, decarboxylation ofl‐DOPA to dopamine in LLC‐PK1cells followed a linear (7.6±0.1 pmol/mg protein/min) non‐saturable kinetics till 120 min of incubation. The formation of dopamine from increasing concentrations ofl‐DOPA (10 to 500 μm) followed a non‐linear kinetics in both cell lines; the process ofl‐DOPA decarboxylation was saturated at low concentrations ofl‐DOPA with an apparentKmvalue of 11 μm(0.2, 22.6) in OK cells and 27.4 μm(11.1, 43.7) in LLC‐PK1cells. The formation of dopamine in LLC‐PK1cells (Vmax=2097±113 pmol/mg protein/6 min) was 13.7‐fold that occurred in OK cells (Vmax=153±10 pmol/mg protein/6 min). In conclusion, LLC‐PK1cells appear to be endowed with a greater ability to form dopamine from exogenousl‐DOPA when compared to OK cells.
THE INFLUENCE OF DOSE FRACTIONATION ON RADIATION‐INDUCED HAEMOLYSIS OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: ZABOROWSKI ANDRZEJ , SZWEDA‐LEWANDOWSKA ZOFIA 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper the radioresistance of human erythrocytes to radiation‐induced haemolysis was studied by means of the split‐dose technique. Human erythrocytes suspended in an isotonic Na‐phosphatase buffer, pH7.4 were exposed under air to gamma radiation. Erythrocytes were irradiated with a single dose of 2.7kGy and with the same total dose split into two fractions with an interval between the subsequent exposures. It seems that postradiation processes initiated by the first radiation dose of definite magnitude can lead to an increase in the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolysis under the influence of subsequent dose. The maximal effect of the fractionation (50% decrease of haemolysis) was observed when the first fraction was equal to 0.3–0.4kGy and the interval between exposures was equal to 3h.
APOPTOSIS INDUCED BY γ IRRADIATION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS IS NOT MEDIATED BY CYTOCHROME‐C RELEASE AND ONLY PARTIALLY INVOLVES CASPASE‐3‐LIKE PROTEASES
Authors: Louagie H. , Schotte P. , Vral A. , Cornelissen M. , Thierens H. , Beyaert R. , De Ridder L. , Philippe J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractCaspase 3 has been shown to be actively involved in the apoptotic process in thymocytes after γ‐irradiation. We examined caspase 3 activation in mature peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) after γ irradiation. Since the activation of caspase 3 is generally prceded by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and cytochrome c release, these two parameters were also examined. Apoptosis in PBL after a 5‐Gy γ irradiation, is characterized by a decrease in ΔΨm, but surprisingly no release of cytochrome‐c and only a weak caspase 3 activation was noticed. In contrast, staurosporin treated PBL showed a decrease in ΔΨm with cytochrome‐c release and a clear caspase 3 activation. We were unable to block the decrease in ΔΨm with the caspase‐inhibitors zVAD‐fmk or zDEVD‐fmk after γ irradiation, but DNA fragmentation as measured by the TUNEL assay was partially inhibited. Therefore, in γ irradiated mature PBL, caspase‐dependent and ‐independent pathways, but not cytochrome c, seem to be involved in the apoptotic process.
EFFECTS ON PROTEIN KINASE C AND GENE EXPRESSION IN A HUMAN MAST CELL LINE, HMC‐1, FOLLOWING MICROWAVE EXPOSURE
Authors: Harvey Charles , French Peter W. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe used a resonant cavity which delivered a continuous wave exposure at 864.3MHz at an average specific absorption rate (SAR) of 7W/kg to determine non‐thermal biological effects of microwave exposure. A human mast cell line, HMC‐1, was used as the biological target. Cells were given three exposures each of 20‐min duration daily for 7 days. The temperature of the cell culture medium during the exposure fell to 26.5°C. Effects were seen on localization of protein kinase C, and expression of three genes of 588 screened. The affected genes included the proto‐oncogene c‐kit, the transcription factor Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B and the apoptosis‐associated gene DAD‐1. Stress response genes were variably upregulated. No significant effect on morphology or on F‐actin distribution was detected. We conclude that low‐power microwave exposure may act on HMC‐1 cells by altering gene expression via a mechanism involving activation of protein kinase C, and at temperatures well below those known to induce a heat shock response.
S100 IMMUNOREACTIVITY IS INCREASED IN REACTIVE ASTROCYTES OF THE VISUAL PATHWAYS FOLLOWING A MECHANICAL LESION OF THE RAT OCCIPITAL CORTEX
Authors: Cerutti S. M. , Chadi G. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAfter demonstration of the paracrine action of glial neurotrophic factors, gliosis has also been considered to be related to neuronal trophism and plasticity rather than solely a repair event following brain injury. S100 is a Ca2+binding protein, present mainly in astrocytes, that exerts paracrine trophic effects on several neuronal populations. This study analyses the presence of S100 protein by means of immunohistochemistry combined with stereology in the reactive glial cells of the rat visual pathways following a lesion of the visual cortex. Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to a unilateral aspiration of the occipital cortex or to a sham operation. One week later the rats were killed and their brain processed for immunochemistry. Single antibody immunohistochemistry was performed for the visualization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, a marker for astrocytes), OX‐42 (a marker for microglia) and S100 protein. Double immunofluorescence procedures were applied for co‐localization of the S100/GFAP and S100/OX‐42. An optical dissector, point interceptors and rotators were used to quantify the degree of glial activation and the changes in the S100 immunoreactivity. We observed an intense microglial and astroglial reaction in addition to an increased S100 immunoreactivity in the occipital cerebral cortex, geniculate nucleus and hippocampus ipsilateral to the lesion. In the ipsilateral superior colliculus, an intense astroglial activation was accompanied by an up‐regulation of S100 immunoreactivity. Double‐immunofluoresence revealed an increased S100 immunoreactivity in reactive astrocytes, but not in the reactive microglia. Evidence has therefore been obtained that after mechanical trauma, the astroglial S100 protein participates in the trophism and plasticity of the injured visual pathways.
NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE‐24.11 (NEP) DEACTIVATES PDGF‐ AND TGF‐β‐INDUCED CELL SHAPE CHANGES IN INVERTEBRATE IMMUNOCYTES
Authors: Caselgrandi Eva , Kletsas Dimitris , Ottaviani Enzo 
Published: September 2002

AbstractUsing a cytofluorimetric assay, we found that immunocytes of the mollusc, Mytilus galloprovincialis, express CD10, a surface antigen known to be identical to neutral endopeptidase‐24.11 (NEP). The spectrofluorimetric analysis demonstrates that the growth factors PDGF‐AB and TGF‐β1 provoke an increase in NEP‐like activity in membrane preparations from the immunocytes, but have no effect on the soluble form in the serum. On the other hand, computer‐assisted microscopic image analysis reveals that NEP deactivates the PDGF‐AB‐ and TGF‐β1‐induced shape changes in immunocytes. However, Western blots show that, in solution, NEP does not cleave PDGF‐AB or TGF‐β1, indicating that the inactivation is not due to proteolysis. These results suggest a functional interplay in invertebrate immunocytes between growth factors and NEP, as previously shown in vertebrate cells.
IRON REGULATION OF TRANSFERRIN SYNTHESIS IN THE HUMAN HEPATOMA CELL LINE HEPG2
Authors: Barnum‐Huckins Katrina , Adrian Gwen S. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn human beings, serum transferrin levels increase during iron deficiency and decrease with iron overload. Yet, whether or not iron levels actually affect the synthesis of transferrin in human liver cells is not known. In previous studies, iron was shown to suppress the expression of chimeric human transferrin genes in livers of transgenic mice. The goal of this study was to determine if iron suppresses intact endogenous human transferrin synthesis by testing the effects of changes in iron levels on synthesis of transferrin in a human hepatoma cell line HepG2. In HepG2 cells, normalized35S‐metabolically labeled transferrin synthesis was consistently less following iron treatment with hemin or ferric citrate, than following treatment with an iron‐chelator deferroxamine. Thus, this study provides new evidence that iron can regulate synthesis of intact endogenous human transferrin.
ARREST IN METAPHASE AND ANATOMY OF MITOTIC CATASTROPHE: MILD HEAT SHOCK IN TWO HUMAN OSTEOSARCOMA CELL LINES
Authors: Erenpreisa Je , Ivanov A. , Dekena G. , Vitina A. , Krampe R. , Freivalds T. , Selivanova G. , Roach H.I 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe exits from metaphase arrest and anatomy of mitotic catastrophe were studied in two human osteosarcoma cell lines, nontumorigenic HOS TE85 and its chemically transformed strain MNNG‐HOS, applying mild genotoxic damage by heat shock at 41.8°C for 24h. Under these conditions, both cell lines doubled or tripled their mitotic index entering arrest in metaphase. On return to 37°C, the arrest was either released or ended in apoptosis. The transformed strain showed a greater capacity to arrest in metaphase as well as a greater probability of developing the third pathway: to restitute this arrest in polyploid interphase. This, in turn, either entered an ‘endocycle’ or, following a delay, apoptosis. Thus, arrest in metaphase was a cross‐point of the mitotic cycle, apoptosis, and endocycle. Mitotic catastrophe can morphologically manifest combinations of elements of these three processes.