bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problems and prospects of educational lexicography: a new school dictionary of Russian pronunciation
Authors: Kalenchuk M. L. , Savinov D. M. 
Published: January 2024

The article critically examines various educational pronouncing (orthoepic) dictionaries and states the main objections to the quality of such resources. Criticism centres on the irregularities in the transcription rules adopted in school textbooks; phonetic and orthoepic errors; mixing orthoepic information with other linguistic phenomena; the issue of age-related adaptation of school dictionaries; insufficient relevance of pronunciation instructions; criteria for glossary compilation. The analysis demonstrated the need for creating a new educational dictionary, a Dictionary of Russian Pronunciation Difficulties, for years 5 to 11. It was compiled at the V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences under the editorship of M. L. Kalenchuk and D. M. Savinov. The cornerstone of this lexicographic source is the idea that normative recommendations in dictionaries should be based on the actual speech practices of educated people. The article justifies the choice of the pronouncing dictionary type and argues for a dictionary of difficulties rather than an orthoepic dictionary proper. We provide comprehensive criteria for compiling a dictionary glossary and structuring a dictionary entry. The paper also formulates the principles of normative evaluation of stress and pronunciation of sounds used in codification, as well as the system of permissive and prohibitive standard notes. If necessary, the Dictionary entries provide additional orthoepic data about obsolete pronunciation variants, folk poetic and professional accentual features, stress variants and pronunciation of sounds specific to phraseological units. Information about obsolete variants found in fiction is illustrated and verified with examples from poetic texts.
PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE DISASTER DATA
Authors: Anum Aziz  
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the Total deaths and Cost per Index (CPI) of worldwide climate disaster dataset has been modelled. The time period of the dataset is from 1900 to 2021. The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) has been applied to forecast the Total Deaths and CPI of the study area. The total of 75% of the train data is used for construction of the model and the remaining 25% dataset is used for testing the model. The ARIMA model is general provides more accurate projection especially interval forecast and is more reliable than other common statistical techniques. The best-fitted model is identified as ARIMA(2,0,1) and (2,1,2) for Cost per Index CPI and Total Deaths respectively, generated on the basis of minimum values of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) procedures. The accuracy parameter considered as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) both parameters shows the model is accurate respectively. There is a 7% difference between the auto and manual models for the CPI feature, similarly, there is a 4% difference for Total Deaths, indicating that CPI plays a significant impact in climatic disasters. In order to identify best fitted model, we applied the model manually and automatic processing. By means of Auto Correlation Function (ACF) and Partial Auto Correlation Function (PACF) plots, the most appropriate order of the ARIMA model are determine and evaluated. Accordingly the created model can help in determining future strategies related to climate disaster dataset of the world. From the forecast result it is found that the results seems to show an increasing trend in CPI values and the minimal decreasing in total death condition and economic activities of the world.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS MATHEMATICAL LITERACY ABILITY IN SOLVING PISA PROBLEMS IN TERMS OF STUDENT LEARNING INDEPENDENCE
Authors: Chintya Cici Ayu , Saragih Sehatta , Hutapea Nahor Murani 
Published: January 2024

Mathematical literacy skills are one of the essential aspects that students need to master because, through this ability, they can solve problems in everyday life. Providing Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) questions is one of the teachers' efforts to develop students' mathematical literacy skills. This study aims to describe the observed mathematical literacy ability of students learning independence and analyze the difficulties experienced by students in solving PISA problems. The study subjects consisted of 20 students of SMPN 02 Siak Hulu. The research method used is descriptive. The research instrument is PISA test questions oriented to quantity content, learning independence questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The data obtained is analyzed by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The result of this study is that students doing PISA questions are still experiencing difficulties. This difficulty occurs because students are unfamiliar with PISA model questions. They do not understand the meaning of the problem, do not understand the material in the problem, are confused about determining mathematical concepts, and cannot apply problem-solving strategies.
Energy, Ecology, and the Remaking of West German Politics in the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Gross Stephen G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article traces the transformation of West Germany's political system during the 1970s and 1980s, when an extra-parliamentary ecological opposition emerged to challenge the governing Social Democratic Party (SPD). Demographic, economic, and structural features in West Germany's political system created the space for this opposition, eventually leading to the formation of the Green Party. This article argues that ideas about energy were crucial to the movement's success, providing a focal point for reform that aimed to spur an energy transition. This movement of experts and activists pulled West Germany's political system in an ecological direction, forcing the SPD to become green itself. The transformation of West Germany's political system, in turn, set the Federal Republic on a different energy trajectory than the United States, Great Britain, and France.
Produksi Udang Galah (Macrobrachium resenbergii) pada Media Resirculating Aquaqultur System (RAS)
Authors: Sopian Sopian , Fitra Mulia Jaya  , Riya Liuhartana  , Rih Laksmi Utpalasari  , Rahul  
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja produksi udang galah (Macrobrachium resenbergii) pada sistem resirkulasi. Benih udang galah sebanyak 105 ekor yang diperoleh dari pengepul udang galah hasil tangkapan alam dengan ukuran bobot 2,88±0,63 gram. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan yaitu pemeliharaan dengan padat tebar berbeda pada sistem resirkulasi: kontrol = pemeliharaan tanpa sistem resirkulasi, P1: 5 ekor per wadah, P2= 10 ekor per wadah, P3= 15 ekor per wadah. Parameter yang diamati yaitu Pertumbuhan Bobot Mutlak, Pertumbuhan Panjang Mutlak, Laju Pertumbuhan Harian Tingkat Kelangsungan Hidup dan Kualitas Air. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan program MS. Office Excel 2010 dan untuk uji ANOVA dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS 16.0 dengan selang kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa produksi udang galah pada sistem resirkulasi menghasilkan nilai pertumbuhan bobot mutlak terbaik, nilai pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan harian serta tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sistem resirkulasi mampu menjaga nilai kualitas air tetapn optimal untuk pertumbuhan biota budidaya.
The aim of this research is to evaluate the production performance of giant prawns (Macrobrachium resenbergii) in a recirculation system. There were 105 giant fresh water obtained from wild caught giant prawn collectors with a weight of 2.88 ± 0.63 grams. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested were rearing with different stocking densities in a recirculation system: control = rearing without a recirculation system, P1: 5 shrimp per container, P2= 10 shrimp per container, P3= 15 shrimp per container. The parameters observed were Absolute Weight Growth, Absolute Length Growth, Daily Growth Rate, Survival Rate and Water Quality. The data obtained was processed using the MS program. Office Excel 2010 and the ANOVA test was analyzed using the SPSS 16.0 program with a confidence interval of 95%. The results of the research showed that the production of giant prawns using a recirculation system produced the best absolute weight growth values, absolute length growth values, daily growth rates and the highest survival rates when compared with other treatments. The recirculation system is able to maintain optimal water quality values for the growth of cultivated biota.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ЗАСАДИ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЇХ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ
Authors: СТЕГНЕЙ Маріанна , ЧЕРНИЧКО Тетяна , ЛІНТУР Інна , ХАУСТОВА Ксенія , ШОЛТЕС Едуард 
Published: January 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню можливостей використання економічного потенціалу територіальних одиниць задля забезпечення їх інноваційного та сталого розвитку в сучасних умовах необхідності забезпечення економічної безпеки. Виокремлено три рівні різновидів територіальних одиниць економіки України. Охарактеризовано різновиди економічного потенціалу територіальних одиниць за видами ресурсів (природній, людський та матеріальний потенціали) та за рівнем розвитку (абсолютний, реальний, потенціал який може бути мобілізований). Проаналізовано природно–ресурсний потенціал України та наслідки капіталізації природніх ресурсів в контексті сталого розвитку. Проаналізовано людський потенціал України, визначено, що населення становить основу робочої сили, забезпечує виробничі процеси. Зосереджено увагу на необхідності забезпечення цифрової грамотності та рівного доступу до робочих місць із гідною заробітною платою для різних верств населення, що зменшить соціально–економічні нерівності та забезпечить інклюзивне зростання. Досліджено динаміку ВВП та структуру валової доданої вартості України, визначено зменшення участі валової доданої вартості в сільському господарстві та її зростання в промисловості, що свідчить про певний перехід у економіці на більш продуктивні сектори. Окреслено перспективні напрямки сталого розвитку територіальних одиниць в Україні та підвищення їх конкурентоспроможності на внутрішньому та міжнародному ринках.
Literature Review : Pengaruh Pendidikan Seksual Orang Tua Pada Anak Usia Dini Terhadap Kejadian Sexual Abuse
Authors: Hasanah Nunung - , Suryani Tuti , Sudirman Sudirman 
Published: January 2024

<p align="justify"><em>Sexual education is teaching given by parents to their children so that a child can prevent</em><em> </em><em>sexual violence from being suspected of occurring. This study aims to determine the effect of</em><em> </em><em>parental sexual education in early childhood on the incidence of sexual abuse. The research</em><em> </em><em>method</em><em> </em><em>used</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> </em><em>literature</em><em> </em><em>review</em><em> </em><em>method,</em><em> </em><em>which</em><em> </em><em>was</em><em> </em><em>traced</em><em> </em><em>using</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> </em><em>Google</em><em> </em><em>Scholar,</em><em> </em><em>PubMed, and ProQuest (2016-2021) databases which found 11 journals. Results from all</em><em> </em><em>journals reviewed, it</em><em> </em><em>shows that</em><em> </em><em>there is an effect</em><em> </em><em>of parental</em><em> </em><em>sexual</em><em> </em><em>education in early</em><em> </em><em>childhood</em><em> </em><em>on</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> </em><em>incidence</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>sexual abuse.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td width="113,867" height="0"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table><p align="justify"><strong><em>Keyword</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>Education,</em><em> </em><em>Sexual,</em><em> </em><em>Parents,</em><em> </em><em>Early</em><em> </em><em>Childhood,</em><em> </em><em>Sexual</em><em> </em><em>Abuse</em><em></em></p>
EVALUASI GERUSAN DI JEMBATAN WAIKAKA MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE HEC-RAS 5.0.7
Authors: Wattimury Antoinette Biela , Buyang Christy Gery , Kalalimbong Abraham 
Published: January 2024

Terjadinya gerusan pada pilar jembatan Waikaka mengakibatkan jembatan tersebut menjadi miring. Dari data ukur dilapangan kemiringan jembatan adalah 7,81°. Kerusakan tersebut mengganggu transportasi darat di Pulau Seram. Gerusan yang terus menerus terjadi, masyarakat Pulau Seram harus mengambil jalan alternatif lain sehingga memakan waktu lama lima sampai enam jam yang awalnya hanya satu sampai dua jam saja. Karena jembatan Waikaka berada pada jalur utama atau poros lalu lintas trans Pulau Seram. Dalam mengatasi persoalan tersebut maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kedalaman gerusan yang terjadi pada jembatan Waikaka yang dibantu dengan software Hec-Ras 5.0.7 serta solusi penanganan gerusan. Metode penelitian yaitu survei dilapangan, dengan menggunakan dua analisa yaitu analisis hidrologi dan analisis hidrolika.
Analisis hidrologi terdiri dari penentuan daerah aliran sungai (DAS), Analisis curah hujan maksimum, Analisis frekuensi hujan maksimum, Uji frekuensi, Intensitas curah hujan, dan debit banjir rencana. Sedangkan analisis hidrolika dibantu menggunakan software Hec-Ras 5.0.7.
Analisis hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa curah hujan rencana maksimum digunakan distribusi Log Pearson Type III dan debit banjir rencana yang didapatkan dengan kala ulang 2 tahun sebesar 141,34 meter, 5 tahun sebesar 202,68 meter, 10 tahun sebesar 240,83 meter, 25 tahun sebesar 318,11 meter, 50 tahun sebesar 347,96 meter, dan 100 tahun sebesar 376,82 meter. Berdasarkan hasil analisis hidrolika dengan bantuan software Hec-Ras 5.0.7 diperoleh kedalaman gerusan dengan banjir rencana yang dipakai adalah 25 tahun yaitu pada pilar nomor 1 sebesar 3,19 meter dan pilar nomor 2 sebesar 3,09 meter.
Dari penelitian ini solusi yang dapat disarankan untuk menagani gerusan pilar nomor 1 sebesar 3,19 meter dan pilar nomor 2 sebesar 3,09 meter dengan proyeksi data banjir rencanan untuk waktu 25 tahun adalah menggunakan sistem blok beton.
Effect of adding technologically processed antibodies to interferon-gamma into a parent solution on the structural features of triglycine sulfate crystals grown from this solution
Authors: Stepanov G. O. , Rodionova N. N. , Konstantinov R. R. , Subbotin K. A. 
Published: January 2024

Objectives. Ferroelectric triglycine sulfate (TGS) belongs to a group of crystals whose properties are sensitive even to minor changes in growth conditions. The mechanism of spontaneous polarization in TGS is associated with the adjustment of protons which participate in the formation of hydrogen bonds. Therefore, the state of the parent solution plays an important role in the crystal formation. The study aims to investigate the structural features of TGS crystals grown using aqueous alcoholic solutions of technologically processed antibodies to interferon-gamma, in comparison with those of the crystals grown using the control solutions (technologically processed phosphate-buffered saline and intact aqueous alcoholic solution).Methods. X-ray diffraction assay and Raman spectroscopy.Results. The effect of solutions of the technologically processed antibodies to interferongamma added to a parent solution on the growth of TGS single crystals is established. This effect manifests in the changing in occupancy of the proton sublattice of the crystal grown from the parent solution containing technologically processed antibodies to interferon-gamma, as compared with the crystals grown from the control solutions. In the case of the crystal grown from the solution containing technologically processed antibodies to interferon-gamma, this change in the occupancy of the proton lattice is expressed in an increase in the length of N2–C3 bonds.Conclusions. Adding the technologically processed antibodies in the parent solution before the crystal growth can affect the structure of TGS crystals.
High-performance slow-curing polyurea compositions
Authors: Romanov S. V. , Botvinova O. A. , Timakov E. A. , Rashchupkina D. A. , Panov Yu. T. 
Published: January 2024

Objectives. To improve the technology for obtaining polymer spray coatings based on polycarbodiimides (polyureas) by studying changes in the process and operational parameters due to the introduction of aspartic acid derivatives (AADs) into the composition.Methods. The process of the production of sprayed and contact polyureas involves a number of difficulties, not least in terms of the cost of the components and high-pressure equipment. For this reason, mathematical modeling was used to optimize experimental design. The curing time of the composition was measured under conditions simulated to be close to actual. After thermostating and mixing Components A and B in predetermined ratios, the gelation time was measured to represent the curing time of the composition. The hardness of the material was determined by the Shore method according to GOST 24621-91. Tensile strength and relative elongation were determined according to a standard method (GOST 30436-96).Results. The effect of three AADs on the properties of the finished polyurea was studied. It was found that the introduction of two of them (AAD-1 and AAD-2) into polyurea in an amount of up to 40 wt % produces slow-curing (>250 s) polyureas capable of manual application. The finished products have physical properties on par with machine-poured materials (breaking strength >73 MPa; tensile strength >23 MPa; elongation >500%). Compiled regression equations were used to construct graphs of equal levels showing the possible areas of directed modification of the studied compositions.Conclusions. AAD can be used as a modifying component for polyurea systems to obtain slow- curing polyureas with high performance properties, which can be purposefully controlled by mathematical modeling. The resulting products have commercial value due to their combination of valuable physical and mechanical properties.
CRIMINALIZATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND INDONESIA ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS: CASE STUDY OF TANJUNG BENOA RECLAMATION
Authors: Robertua Verdinand 
Published: January 2024

There is a serious problem with Indonesia's environmental politics because the government supported policies that potentially harmed the environment, including the reclamation project. Reclamation has harmed the mangrove forest and coral reef, as well as the fishing area. Civil society questioned the commitment of Indonesia's government to protecting the mangrove forest in Indonesia. The problem is worsened when activists and indigenous communities are criminalized. Activists are threatened by legal action due to their political activism. This research attempted to understand the role of civil society in changing government decisions by using a case study of the cancellation of the reclamation plan in Tanjung Benoa, Bali. Primary data is obtained through direct observation in Tanjung Benoa, Bali, and supported by secondary data from journals, news outlets, and official reports. There are two main findings. Firstly, the criminalization of civil society showed that the contradiction of the Indonesian constitution and law enforcement is clearer. Secondly, the government finally canceled the reclamation project in Tanjung Benoa due to massive protests from communities and civil society.
Keywords: Environmental Politics, Indonesia, Tanjung Benoa, Civil Society, Reclamation
Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis optimization of lignocellulosic biomass for ethanol, xylitol, and phenylacetylcarbinol co-production using Candida magnoliae
Authors: Porninta Kritsadaporn , Khemacheewakul Julaluk , Techapun Charin , Phimolsiripol Yuthana , Jantanasakulwong Kittisak , Sommanee Sumeth , Mahakuntha Chatchadaporn , Feng Juan , Htike Su Lwin , Moukamnerd Churairat , Zhuang Xinshu , Wang Wen , Qi Wei , Li Fu-Li , Liu Tianzhong , Kumar Anbarasu , Nunta Rojarej , Leksawasdi Noppol 
Published: January 2024

Cellulosic bioethanol production generally has a higher operating cost due to relatively expensive pretreatment strategies and low efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. The production of other high-value chemicals such as xylitol and phenylacetylcarbinol (PAC) is, thus, necessary to offset the cost and promote economic viability. The optimal conditions of diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment under boiling water at 95°C and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis steps for sugarcane bagasse (SCB), rice straw (RS), and corn cob (CC) were optimized using the response surface methodology via a central composite design to simplify the process on the large-scale production. The optimal pretreatment conditions (diluted sulfuric acid concentration (% w/v), treatment time (min)) for SCB (3.36, 113), RS (3.77, 109), and CC (3.89, 112) and the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (pretreated solid concentration (% w/v), hydrolysis time (h)) for SCB (12.1, 93), RS (10.9, 61), and CC (12.0, 90) were achieved. CC xylose-rich and CC glucose-rich hydrolysates obtained from the respective optimal condition of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis steps were used for xylitol and ethanol production. The statistically significant highest (p ≤ 0.05) xylitol and ethanol yields were 65% ± 1% and 86% ± 2% using Candida magnoliae TISTR 5664. C. magnoliae could statistically significantly degrade (p ≤ 0.05) the inhibitors previously formed during the pretreatment step, including up to 97% w/w hydroxymethylfurfural, 76% w/w furfural, and completely degraded acetic acid during the xylitol production. This study was the first report using the mixed whole cells harvested from xylitol and ethanol production as a biocatalyst in PAC biotransformation under a two-phase emulsion system (vegetable oil/1 M phosphate (Pi) buffer). PAC concentration could be improved by 2-fold compared to a single-phase emulsion system using only 1 M Pi buffer.