bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red blood cell distribution width is associated with sarcopenia risk in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jia Qing-chun , Qin Ling , Niu Ye , Liu Le , Liu Ping-ping , Miao Shi-di , Cui Ming-ming , Wang Rui-tao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia has received increasing attention in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a significant component of the complete blood count and indicates the heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume. Little information is known about RDW in relation to sarcopenia in early-stage (IA-IIIA) NSCLC. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between RDW and sarcopenia risk in early-stage NSCLC patients.

Methods
This study included 378 patients with pathologically confirmed stage IA-IIIA NSCLC. Sarcopenia was defined by measuring the skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the eleventh thoracic vertebra level. The maximum Youden index on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the cutoff value for RDW to predict sarcopenia. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the independent risk factors for sarcopenia in NSCLC.

Results
The ROC curve indicated that the best cutoff point for RDW to predict sarcopenia was 12.9 (sensitivity of 43.80% and specificity of 76.76%, respectively). Moreover, there were significant differences in hemoglobin (p < 0.001), comorbidities (p = 0.001), histological type (p = 0.002), and cancer stage (p = 0.032) between the high RDW and low RDW groups. Logistic regression analyses revealed that high RDW is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in early-stage NSCLC.

Conclusion
RDW is associated with sarcopenia risk in early-stage NSCLC.
Self-reported cardiovascular disease risk factor screening among people living with HIV vs. members of the general population in Botswana: a community-based study
Authors: Molefe-Baikai Onkabetse Julia , Kebotsamang Kago , Modisawakgomo Pinkie , Tlhakanelo John Thato , Motlhatlhedi Keneilwe , Moshomo Thato , Youssouf Nabila Farah , Masupe Tiny , Gaolathe Tendani , Tapela Neo , Lockman Shahin , Mosepele Mosepele 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are high and increasing in low- and middle-income countries. People living with HIV (PLWH) are more likely to experience CVD than members of the general population. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether PLWH were more likely to have previously been screened for cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) than people without HIV.

Methods
A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 16 to 68 years across 22 communities in Botswana from February to August 2017 as part of a larger community-based cluster randomized HIV treatment-as-prevention trial. Participants were asked if they had been screened for and counselled on cardiovascular disease risk factors (history of hypertension or blood pressure check, blood glucose and cholesterol measurements, weight check and weight control, tobacco smoking and cessation, alcohol use and physical activity) in the preceding 3 years. HIV testing was offered to those with an unknown HIV status. Multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age and sex was used to assess the relationship between CVDRF screening and HIV status.

Results
Of the 3981 participants enrolled, 2547 (64%) were female, and 1196 (30%) were PLWH (93% already on antiretroviral therapy [ART]). PLWH were more likely to report previous screening for diabetes (25% vs. 19%, p < 0.001), elevated cholesterol (17% vs. 12%, p < 0.001) and to have had their weight checked (76% vs. 55%, p < 0.001) than HIV-uninfected participants. PLWH were also more likely to have received counselling on salt intake (42% vs. 33%, p < 0.001), smoking cessation (66% vs. 46%, p < 0.001), weight control (38% vs. 29%, p < 0.001), physical activity (46% vs. 34%, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (35% vs. 23%, p < 0.001) than their HIV-uninfected counterparts. Overall, PLWH were more likely to have received screening for and/or counselling on CVDRFs (adjusted odds ratio 1.84, 95% CI: 1.46–2.32, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
PLWH were almost two times more likely to have been previously screened for CVDRFs than those without HIV, indicating a need for universal scale-up of integrated management and prevention of CVDs in the HIV-uninfected population.
Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru: evidence from a nationwide survey
Authors: Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Mendez-Guerra Carolina , Robles-Valcarcel Pamela , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Benites-Zapata Vicente A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major global public health issues. Migrants represent a vulnerable group that faces multiple barriers to access to healthcare services, including HIV/STI testing. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with access to HIV/STI testing in male and female Venezuelan migrants in Peru.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study involving secondary data analysis of the 2022 Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru Survey. The study was conducted in the eight most populated cities inhabited by Venezuelan migrants and refugees. For each city, the sampling design was probabilistic, stratified, and independent. The outcome variable was whether participants had access to HIV or other STI testing during their stay in Peru. Statistical analysis was stratified by sex owing to potential effect modification. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using generalized linear models Poisson family with log link function. Confidence intervals were calculated to 95%.

Results
A total of 3,723 male and 3,984 female migrants were included. Access to HIV/STI testing among male and female migrants was 19.85% and 25.16%, respectively. Among male migrants, being LGBTI, health insured, and married or cohabiting were associated with increased access to HIV/STI testing. Among females, those aged 18–44 years, those who were married or cohabiting and were health insured, and those residing for more than 1 year in Peru were significantly more likely to have access to HIV/STI testing. Moreover, physical/mental disability and unemployed status were associated with a lower probability of HIV/STI testing in females.

Conclusions
Only two in ten Venezuelan migrants and refugees in Peru were screened for HIV/STI, with fewer males than females. Sex-specific sociodemographic, health-related, and migration-related variables were independently associated with access to HIV/STI testing.
Community cervical cancer screening and precancer risk in women living with HIV in Jos Nigeria
Authors: Magaji F. A. , Mashor M. I. , Anzaku S. A. , Hinjari A. R. , Cosmas N. T. , Kwaghe B. V. , Ali J. M. , Christian Elizabeth N. , Sagay A. S. , Chandler Ariel , Khan Imran , Murphy Robert L. , Hou Lifang , Musa J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh HIV prevalence, and lack of organized screening for the indigent population receiving care and treatment within HIV clinics in low-resource settings increases cervical cancer incidence. We sought to determine predictors of cervical precancer in women living with HIV and receiving cervical cancer screening in Jos, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional study of women living with HIV and receiving care and treatment in adult HIV/AIDS clinics in Jos-Metropolis, Nigeria between June 2020 and April 2023. Ethical approvals were obtained from the ethics committee in Jos, Nigeria and Northwestern University IRB, USA. Informed consent was obtained from eligible participants, and data on socio-demographics, cancer risk factors, and cytology reports were collected. The outcome variables were cervical precancer lesions. The independent variables were prior Pap smear status, socio-demographics, income, educational, and other reproductive health factors. Descriptive statistics was done to obtain means ± sd, frequencies, and percentages for the variables. Univariate and bivariate analyses were done to determine predictors of cervical dysplasia. Analyses were performed using R software.ResultsOf 957 women screened, 570 were living with HIV and 566 women had cytology report and were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 45.08 ± 8.89 years and 81.6% had no prior evidence of Pap test (under-screened). Prevalence of cervical dysplasia was 24% (mild and severe dysplasia were 12.9% and 11.1%, respectively). Age above 45 years (aOR = 3.48,p = 0.009), postmenopausal status (aOR = 7.69,p = 0.000), and women with no history of prior IUCD use (aOR = 5.94,p = 0.0001), were predictors for severe dysplasia. Women who had history of STI (aOR = 0.17,p = 0.000), prior use of IUCD (aOR = 0.32,p = 0.004), prior use of condom (aOR = 2.50,p = 0.003) and had co-morbidities (aOR = 0.46,p = 0.009) were more likely to have had a Pap test in the past.ConclusionsThe majority of indigent women receiving care at HIV clinics had their first Pap test screening, and lack of organized screening among older and post-menopausal women with HIV, puts women at a higher risk of developing severe cervical precancer lesions.
The association between proportion of night shifts and musculoskeletal pain and headaches in nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Stavås Jon Are , Nilsen Kristian Bernhard , Matre Dagfinn 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose
Shift work is associated with musculoskeletal pain and headaches, but little is known about how the intensity of shift work exposure is related to musculoskeletal pain and headaches. This study aimed to investigate whether a higher proportion of night shifts is associated with a higher occurrence of musculoskeletal pain and headaches. Furthermore, to investigate whether sleep duration can mediate this potential association.

Method
The study included 684 nurses in rotating shift work who responded to a daily questionnaire about working hours, sleep, and pain for 28 consecutive days. The data were treated cross-sectionally.

Results
A negative binomial regression analysis adjusted for age and BMI revealed that working a higher proportion of night shifts is not associated with a higher occurrence of musculoskeletal pain and headaches. On the contrary, those working ≥ 50% night shifts had a significantly lower occurrence of pain in the lower extremities than those who worked < 25% night shifts (IRR 0.69 95% CI 0.51, 0.94). There was no indication of a mediation effect with total sleep time (TST).

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that working a higher proportion of night shifts is not associated with a higher occurrence of musculoskeletal pain and headaches.
Nutrient patterns and risk of diabetes mellitus type 2: a case-control study
Authors: haramshahi Morteza , A-Elgadir Thoraya Mohamed Elhassan , Daabo Hamid Mahmood Abdullah , Altinkaynak Yahya , Hjazi Ahmed , Saxena Archana , Najm Mazin A.A. , Almulla Abbas F. , Alsaalamy Ali , Kashani Mohammad Amin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Backgrounds
Although the significance of diet in preventing or managing diabetes complications is highlighted in current literature, there is insufficient evidence regarding the correlation between nutrient patterns and these complications. The objective of this case-control study is to investigate this relationship by analyzing the dietary intake of nutrients in participants with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
A case-control study was conducted at the Tabriz Center of Metabolism and Endocrinology to investigate the relationship between nutrient patterns and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study enrolled 225 newly diagnosed cases of T2D and 225 controls. The dietary intake of nutrients was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Principal component analysis using Varimax rotation was used to obtain nutrient patterns. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of T2D.

Results
The participants’ mean (SD) age and BMI were 39.8 (8.8) years and 27.8 (3.6) kg/m2, respectively. The results identified three major nutrient patterns. The first nutrient pattern was characterized by high consumption of sucrose, animal protein, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B12, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and potassium. The second nutrient pattern included fiber, plant protein, vitamin D, Riboflavin, Vitamin B5, copper, and Magnesium. The third nutrient pattern was characterized by fiber, plant protein, vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, and potassium. Individuals in the highest tertile of nutrient pattern 3 (NP3) had a lower risk of T2D compared to those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for confounders. The odds ratio was 0.52 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.30–0.89 and a P_trend of 0.039.

Conclusion
This study found that conforming to a nutrient pattern consisting of plant protein, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B2, potassium, and calcium is linked to a lower likelihood of developing T2D.The initial results suggest that following a nutrient pattern that includes these nutrients may reduce the risk of T2D. However, further research is required to confirm the relationship between nutrient patterns and T2D.
The PD-Ballet study: study protocol for a randomised controlled single-blind hybrid type 2 clinical trial evaluating the effects of ballet dancing on motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Podlewska Aleksandra M. , Batzu Lucia , Soukup Tayana , Sevdalis Nick , Bakolis Ioannis , Derbyshire-Fox Fleur , Hartley Alison , Healey Andy , Woods Anthony , Crane Nikki , Pariante Carmine , Ray Chaudhuri K 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
To date, beneficial effects of multimodal exercise programmes on Parkinson’s disease (PD) have focused on motor symptoms and little attention has been paid to the potential effects of such programmes on the non-motor symptoms of PD, which are now universally known as one of the key drivers of quality of life and a key unmet need. We aim to explore clinical effectiveness of a ballet-based dance programme in addressing non-motor and motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease across all stages of progression.

Methods
A randomised, single-blind, controlled trial of 160 people with Parkinson’s across all motor stages (Participants will be stratified into three groups of motor advancement: Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stages I and II being Mild Group, HY Stage III being Moderate Group and HY Stages IV and V being Severe Group) will be randomly allocated to either an intervention or a control group using an independent randomisation body. The primary outcome is an improvement in non-motor symptoms as measured by the Movement Disorders Society Non-Motor Scale (MDS-NMS). The intervention protocol consists of 12 one-weekly dance sessions led by English National Ballet. Each session is followed by a ‘tea and biscuit’ social time. Control group follows standard clinical pathway and joins the ‘tea and biscuit’ to control for any positive effects of social interactions. All participants are assessed at baseline, immediately after completion of the intervention and 3–6 months later to explore any potential longitudinal effects.

Discussion
To our knowledge, no adequately powered study has explored the effects of a dance-based intervention on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, assessing these on both holistic and granular levels. We also aim to stratify participants in accordance with their motor state as assessed by.
HY staging to explore specific effects on the symptoms at the initial, moderate and complex stages of the disease. If successful, this trial provides first evidence on clinical effectiveness of a ballet-based dance intervention for symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, assessed in a robust, rigorous manner.

Trial registration
NCT04719468.
Nursing students’ patient safety competencies in the classroom and clinical settings: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Farokhzadian Jamileh , Eskici Gulcan Taskiran , Molavi-Taleghani Yasamin , Tavan Asghar , Farahmandnia Hojjat 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Patient safety is one of the critical indicators of providing qualified and high-quality health care services. Determining nursing students’ patient safety competencies will significantly contribute to the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate Iranian nursing students’ patient safety competencies in classroom and clinical settings.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study data were collected from 215 nursing of a university of medical sciences between February and May 2022, using a general questionnaire form and the Health Professional Education in Patient Safety Survey. Data analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistics such as percentage, mean and paired-samples t-test.

Results
The mean scores of nursing students’ the Health Professional Education in Patient Safety Survey were 3.50 ± 0.55 in the classroom and 3.45 ± 0.57 in the clinical setting. The highest mean scores of nursing students were in subdimension of “clinical safety” in both the clinical (3.91 ± 1.13) and classroom settings (3.91 ± 0.78). In addition, a statistically significant difference was found in patient safety learning confidence in the classroom versus clinical setting in the “culture of safety” subdimension.

Conclusion
It appears that current educational programs provide opportunities to improve nursing students’ patient safety, but they are not enough. Nurse educators should apply new teaching methods and evaluate clinical strategies to meet educational needs.
Intervention components in the self-management of Parkinson’s: a mixed-methods synthesis of qualitative and quantitative evidence
Authors: Armstrong Megan , Walters Kate , Davies Nathan , Nimmons Danielle , Pigott Jennifer , Read Joy , Schrag Anette 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Self-management interventions consist of multiple components to support people in the management of medical, emotional, and behavioural aspects of their condition, and aim to improve quality of life, function, and other outcomes. A systematic review of self-management interventions in Parkinson’s showed no conclusive evidence for effectiveness of specific self-management approaches in Parkinson’s to date but identified several potentially useful components.

Aim
To identify the key required components for self-management in people with Parkinson’s by synthesising evidence from a body of primary qualitative evidence and systematic reviews, and to explore which of these key components should be incorporated into trials of self-management in Parkinson’s.

Method
A mixed-methods synthesis was conducted. We combined data from two primary qualitative studies and a systematic review of qualitative studies that focused on self-management in Parkinson’s to identify key intervention components. These were then mapped onto the results of a systematic review of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) using matrices. First, data were extracted from the qualitative studies with people with Parkinson’s and healthcare professionals on the key self-management components in this population. Second, a matrix table was created to map the identified Parkinson’s specific self-management components against potential effectiveness from published RCTs of self-management interventions.

Results
Synthesis of qualitative data identified 15 potential self-management components. These 15 components included components needed to start self-managing (e.g., information, skill acquirement) and components needed to maintain self-managing (e.g., self-motoring, increasing motivation). From 18 RCTs, interventions varied in how many components were included (range 1–10). Trials reporting significant beneficial effects of their intervention included a higher number of components (4 or more self-management components) than trials without significant findings (1–3 self-management components).

Conclusion
Fifteen key self-management components were identified that should be incorporated into interventions or programs of self-management in Parkinson’s. No current trial has incorporated all aspects, but a higher number of these key components appears to make trials of self-management interventions more likely to be successful.
Knowledge, attitudes and self-confidence with skills required for providing dementia care in physicians at primary healthcare settings in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Bich Diep , Kim Bao Giang , Esterman Adrian , Brodaty Henry , Kurrle Susan , Nguyen Thanh Binh , Nguyen Trong Hung , Roughead Elizabeth , Hinton Ladson , Dang Thu Ha , Nguyen Thi Diem Huong , Tran Kham , Crotty Maria , Du Duc , Nguyen Tuan Anh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Dementia is a global public health priority. The World Health Organization adopted a Global Action Plan on Dementia, with dementia awareness a priority. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and self-confidence with skills required for providing dementia care among primary health care providers in Vietnam.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 405 primary health care providers who worked at commune health stations and district health centers in eight provinces across Vietnam.

Results
The results showed that primary health care providers had poor knowledge and little confidence but more positive attitudes toward dementia care and management.

Conclusions
The results suggest the training needs for building capacity amongst primary health care providers, which will be critical as Vietnam’s population ages.