bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LC–MS/MS method for the quantification of cortisol of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Zijing , Li Xiaoshuang , Yin Shengjun , Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Xiaoyue , Miao Xiaojie , Cheng Haixu , Lou Yaqing , Tu Pengfei , Lu Yingyuan , Zhang Guoliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe imbalance of steroid hormones is closely related to the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, most research has focused on steroid hormone receptors, and reports about the relationship between the serum concentration of cortisol and the development of HCC are rare. The aim of this research was to establish a simple, specific, sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for the quantitation of cortisol in human serum and to compare the level of cortisol in serum between 221 HCC patients and 183 healthy volunteers. The results showed that the correlation coefficients of the linear regression with a weighing factor of 1/x2 ranged from 0.9933 to 0.9984 over the range of 2–1,000 ng/ml. The inter‐ and intra‐day precision and accuracy were <10%. The matrix effect and recovery of cortisol were 94.9–102.5% and 96.3–99.8%, respectively. The concentration of cortisol in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (p < 0.05) and was not affected by sex, age, menopause or α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level. The present study reveals that elevated cortisol might promote the progression of HCC.
Identification, characterization and application of M16AT, a new organic solvent–tolerant (R)–enantio–selective type IV amine transaminase from Mycobacterium sp. ACS1612
Authors: Li Tingting , Zhu Hai , Jia Weiwei , Tian Xia , Xu Ziwen , Zhu Jiang , Liu Wencheng , Cao Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiocatalysis has emerged as a powerful alternative to traditional chemical methods, especially for asymmetric synthesis. As biocatalysts usually exhibit excellent chemical, regio‐ and enantioselectivity, they facilitate and simplify many chemical processes for the production of a broad range of products. Here, a new biocatalyst called, R‐selective amine transaminases (R‐ATAs), was obtained from Mycobacterium sp. ACS1612 (M16AT) using in–silico prediction combined with a genome and protein database. A two–step simple purification process could yield a high concentration of pure enzyme, suggesting that industrial application would be inexpensive. Additionally, the newly identified and characterized R‐ATAs displayed a broad substrate spectrum and strong tolerance to organic solvents. Moreover, the synthetic applicability of M16AT has been demonstrated by the asymmetric synthesis of (R)‐fendiline from of (R)‐1‐phenylethan‐1‐amine.
Incidence, risk factors, and management following cardiac catheterization via carotid and axillary artery approaches: A single‐center experience on pseudoaneurysms in young infants
Authors: Takajo Daiji , Newkirk Betsy , Shahanavaz Shabana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundUse of alternate access for complex neonatal interventions has gained acceptance with carotid and axillary artery access being used for ductal and aortic interventions.MethodsThis study was a retrospective, single‐center study at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. The study included infants, aged ≤90 days, who underwent cardiac catheterization with either carotid or axillary artery access between 2013 and 2022. Data encompassing demographics, clinical information, catheterization data, and the incidence of pseudoaneurysm as a procedural complication were collected.ResultsAmong 29 young infants (20 males, 69%), 4 out of 15 patients (27%) who underwent the carotid approach developed pseudoaneurysms, while 1 out of 14 patients (7.1%) who underwent the axillary approach developed one. Two patients required transcatheter intervention due to enlargement of pseudoaneurysms, involving the placement of transarterial flow‐diverting stent and occlusion of left common carotid artery. Longer sheath in‐to‐out time (135 vs. 77 min, p = 0.001), and higher closing activated clotting times (ACT) (268 vs. 197 s, p = 0.021) were observed among patients with pseudoaneurysms compared to those without.ConclusionsYoung infants with alternative access via the carotid and axillary arteries may be at risk of pseudoaneurysm formation during longer procedures and with higher ACTs for closure. Ultrasound‐guided compression can be employed to prevent the progression and in resolution of these lesions.
Lactate drives CD38 signaling to promote Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition through Snail induction in non‐small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Lu Yating , Yang Yang , Chang Tao , Jiang Qiyun , Yang Chenfeng , Fu Chunzhe , Wei Huijun , He Yuanpeng , Wu Zhihao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCD38 is the main NADase in mammalian cells. It regulates the homeostasis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and extracellular nucleotides. Its function plays an important role in infection and aging. However, its potential functions in tumor cells have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrated that lactate, which is derived from tumor metabolism remodeling, upregulates the expression of CD38 through OXPHOS‐driven Hippo‐TAZ pathway. The highly expressed CD38 converts NAD + to adenosine through the CD203a/CD73 complex and adenosine binds and activates its receptor A2AR, inducing the expression of Snail and promoting the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells. This finding elucidates a new perspective on the interplay between NAD + metabolism and glycolysis in tumor development.
Political violence in far‐right memory: Fratelli d'Italia's remembrance of the Primavalle arson
Authors: Marchese Maeve , Tortola Pier Domenico 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe relationship between the (populist) far right and the past is the subject of increasing scholarly interest. The deployment, reassessment and at times manipulation of historical memory, in particular, is an important factor in the politics and mainstreaming of the European far right. The latter has a lot to gain from any shifts in collective memory placing nations' dark and shameful past in a more benevolent light. At the same time, far‐right actors play an active role in such shifts, by routinely (ab)using the memory of the past for electoral gain. This article contributes to the research agenda on the memory politics of the far right by examining how Fratelli d'Italia – Italy's foremost far‐right party – remembers and narrates the ‘years of lead’, a tumultuous and hotly contested chapter in the country's political history. More precisely, our analysis zooms in on the powerful trope of ‘secular martyrdom’ attached to the memory of that period, and looks at how this idea is mobilised by Fratelli d'Italia via the examination of a particularly tragic episode of the years of lead, namely, the 1973 Primavalle arson.
Preparation of a bis‐triazolyl bridged β‐cyclodextrin stationary phase and its application for enantioseparation of chiral compounds by HPLC
Authors: Zeng Qingli , Huang Zhiqin , Li Dan , Li Laisheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel bis‐triazolyl bridged β‐cyclodextrin was first synthesized by the Click reaction between azido‐β‐cyclodextrin and 1,6‐heptadiyne. Then it was bonded onto silica gel to obtain a bis‐triazolyl bridged β‐cyclodextrin‐based chiral stationary phase (BCDP). After structure characterization, the HPLC performance of BCDP was systematically evaluated by using different types of compounds as probes. The results showed that BCDP could well separate 18 kinds of achiral aromatic compounds (homologues, positional isomers, etc.) and 35 kinds of chiral drugs or pesticides, such as triazoles (Rs = 1.33–3.15), flavanones (Rs = 1.49–2.62), dansyl amino acids (Rs = 0.96–1.99), and β‐blocker drugs (Rs = 0.68–2.78). BCDP could separate a wider range of compounds (53 kinds); especially, some chiral substance pairs that were difficult to be resolved on the ordinary cyclodextrin CSPs, including triazoles containing two chiral carbons (triadimenol, bitertanol, metconazole, and triticonazole), strongly ionized amino acids (acidic Asp, alkalic Arg, and polar Thr) and β‐blockers with bulky groups (carvedilol, propranolol, and pindolol). Obviously, the unique synergistic inclusion effect of bridged cyclodextrin with double cavities and the bis‐triazole bridging group could provide multiple action sites, such as hydrogen bonding, π‐π stacking and acid–base action sites, thus improving its chiral chromatographic performance.
Synthesis and absolute configuration of cyclic synthetic cathinones derived from α‐tetralone
Authors: Paškan Martin , Dobšíková Kristýna , Kuchař Martin , Setnička Vladimír , Kohout Michal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe emergence of new synthetic cathinones continues to be a matter of public health concern. In fact, already known products (drugs) are being rapidly replaced by new structurally related alternatives, whereby modifications in the basic cathinone structure are used by manufacturers to circumvent the legislation. On the other hand, some derivatives of synthetic cathinones represent important pharmaceuticals with antidepressant properties. In the search for pharmaceutically relevant analogs, the main goal of the present study was to design and characterize novel cyclic α‐tetralone‐based derivatives of synthetic cathinones. We synthesized a series of derivatives and verified their chemical structure. Subsequently, chiral separation has been accomplished by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a circular dichroism (CD) detector, which directly provided CD spectra of the enantiomers of the analyzed substances at 252 nm. Using density functional theory calculations, we have obtained stable conformers of selected enantiomers in solution and their relative abundances, which we used to simulate their spectra. The experimental and calculated data have been used to assign the absolute configuration of six as‐yet unknown synthetic cathinones.
Shaping futures: A dialogue on chemical engineering education
Authors: Chintalapati Pranav , Evans Greg , Gladwin Derek , Jamieson Marnie , Ellis Naoko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEngineering as a discipline, profession, practice, and area of study continues to add substantial value in an increasingly complex world. With continually evolving complexity around the planet, such as the need for massive energy transition, global health technologies, or sustainable food systems, how might engineering education practices and theory be considered within these rapid and necessary changes? This paper presents an experiment of co‐creation through experiential reflection about the state of chemical engineering education. Four chemical engineering professors engaged in a dialogue, facilitated by a researcher in education, through collaborative and actionable research. This dialogue uncovered innovative possibilities, educational themes, experiences, and opportunities for others in the profession to consider. The process of dialogue also encouraged the development of an imaginative future sense‐making, known as futuring, through a collective experience. The findings reveal instructive perspectives on the shape of chemical engineering education that should be of value not only to engineers, but also other professionals, practitioners, or those in various science, technology, and math fields.
Hydrogen Bonds in Perovskite for Efficient and Stable Photovoltaic†
Authors: Wang Tian‐yun , Hao Yang‐yang , Zhu Ming‐zhe , Cao Guo‐rui , Zhou Zhong‐min 
Published: February 2024

Comprehensive SummaryOwing to their distinctive optical and physical properties, organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have gained significant attention in the field of electronic devices, especially solar cells. The achievement of high‐performance solar cells hinges upon the utilization of top‐notch perovskite thin films. Nevertheless, the fabrication process involving solutions and the polycrystalline nature of perovskite result in the emergence of numerous defects within the perovskite films, consequently exerting a deleterious influence on the overall performance and stability of the devices. Improving the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells by additive engineering to suppress/passivate defects is a viable approach, which involves hydrogen bond interactions in these device engineering processes. This review explores the intrinsic hydrogen bonds in methylammonium and formamidium lead triiodide, while also considering cation rotations, phase transitions, and stability. Moreover, the review classifies additives into distinct categories, including organic small molecules, polymers, nanodots, classical salts, ionic liquids, and molten salts. The various forms and characterization techniques of hydrogen bonds are discussed, as well as their potential synergistic effects in conjunction with other chemical interactions. Furthermore, this review offers insights into the potential utilization of hydrogen bonds to further enhance the performance and stability of devices.
Key ScientistsIn 2009, Tsutomu Miyasaka et al. prepared the first perovskite solar cell, which kicked off the research on perovskite light‐absorbing materials. However, the use of liquid electrolytes led to device instability. The transition to all‐solid‐state perovskite solar cells was realized by Nam‐Gyu Park's team in 2012, which was the beginning of high‐efficiency perovskite solar cells. Subsequently, a number of scientists have innovated the preparation ground process. Methods such as two‐step deposition by Michael Grätzel in 2013 and anti‐solvent extraction by Sang II Seok's team in 2014 were instrumental in advancing the development of perovskite. Liyuan Han's team then increased the cell's working area to 1 cm2 without compromising performance, making it possible to compare the performance metrics of perovskite solar cells with those of other types of solar cells on the same scale. Recently, You's team and Pan's team kept updating the world record by obtaining certified efficiencies of 25.6% and 25.8% in 2022 and 2023, respectively.
Insights into the Overcoming EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S Mutation: A Perspective on the 2‐Aryl‐4‐aminothienopyrimidine Backbone
Authors: Zhang Xuan , He Jie , Xu Shidi , Fu Li , Zheng Pengwu , Xu Shan , Pan Qingshan , Zhu Wufu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has been proposed to benefit non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. In this manuscript, we investigated the modification of 2‐aryl‐4‐aminoquinazoline, the classical backbone of the fourth‐generation EGFR inhibitors, in addition to obtaining a series of novel 2‐aryl‐4‐aminothienopyrimidine derivatives (A1~A45), we also gained further understanding of the modification of this framework. Derivatives were tested for cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines (cervical cancer cell line Hela, lung cancer cell lines A549, H1975, and PC‐9, Ba/F3‐EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S cells, and human normal hepatocytes LO2) as well as for the derivative‘s inhibitory activity against EGFRWT, EGFRL858R/T790M, and EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S kinase inhibitory activities. The results showed that most of the target compounds showed moderate to excellent activity against one or more cancer cell lines. Among them, the antitumor activity (IC50) of the most promising A9 against A549 and H1975 cell lines was 0.77±0.08 μM, 6.90±0.83 μM, respectively. At concentration of 10 μM, A9 can be employed as the fourth‐generation of EGFR inhibitors with the ability to overcome the C797S drug resistance since it can suppress EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S cells and kinase by 98.90 % and 85.88 %, respectively. Moreover, the tumor‐bearing nude mice experiment further shows that A9 can significantly inhibit the growth of tumor in vivo, with the tumor inhibition rate (TIR) of 55.92 %, which was equivalent to the positive group. After that, from the result of HE staining experiment and blood biochemical analysis experiment, A9 show low toxicity and good safety, which is worthy of further research and development.
Examining crossover and postprotocol therapies in first‐line immunotherapy trials in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Desai Aakash , Smith Caleb J. , Pritchett Joshua C. , Leventakos Konstantinos , West Howard (Jack) 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has led to significant improvement in outcomes for patients with nononcogene‐driven advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The rate of crossover and receipt of postprotocol ICI in frontline trials for advanced NSCLC has not been systematically evaluated.MethodsClinicalTrials.gov was used to identify phase 3 studies evaluating the use of immunotherapy or combination chemoimmunotherapy against chemotherapy alone in the frontline management of advanced NSCLC. Data on outcomes, rate of crossover and/or subsequent post‐protocol receipt of immunotherapy, and the start dates of these clinical trials were then extracted.ResultsTwenty‐three frontline trials in nononcogene‐driven advanced NSCLC were identified. Six trials with ICI monotherapy/dual ICI therapy and 17 trials evaluating chemotherapy/ICI in first‐line advanced NSCLC were included in the analysis. The crossover rate ranged 0% to 54% in ICI monotherapy/dual ICI trials and 0% to 52% in chemotherapy/ICI trials. Nineteen of 23 trials provided information on subsequent postprotocol therapies. Among the trials not allowing crossover, postprotocol ICI was administered to 17% to 45.8% of patients. Information regarding the eventual receipt of ICI therapy was available for 22 of 23 trials. Of 6631 patients, 2507 (37.8%) randomized to the control arm eventually received ICI therapy.ConclusionThe rate of crossover and postprotocol ICI use was low in frontline trials for first‐line NSCLC incorporating ICI. Given the proven improved overall survival of ICI in a broad population, there is a need to ensure availability of this life‐prolonging therapy in future trials, either by crossover treatment or postprotocol administration.
Chemotherapy‐induced cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors: A systematic review of studies from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Amani Omid , Mazaheri Mohammad Ali , Moghani Mona Malekzadeh , Zarani Fariba , Choolabi Rasool Hamidi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies have indicated that apart from enhancing patient survival, chemotherapy has adverse side effects on the psychological, social, and cognitive functions of breast cancer survivors.AimsThis study was conducted to understand chemotherapy's impact on breast cancer survivors' cognitive functions.Methods and ResultsOur study is a systematic review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We searched English databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, and Persian databases, such as Irandoc and Elmnet, using Persian keywords of cancer, breast cancer, chemotherapy, cognitive functions, executive functions, and neuropsychological functions. Two reviewers independently evaluated the full text of the articles according to predefined criteria. Among the 937 available studies, 26 were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 17 (65%) were longitudinal and 9 (35%) were cross‐sectional. The findings indicated a significant relationship between the use of chemotherapy and cognitive impairments, most notably attention, working and short‐term memory, and executive functions. However, the studies differed in their findings regarding the long‐term persistence of cancer‐related cognitive impairment (CRCI), which could be due to the wide range of tools used, different methods to measure cognitive functions, and the difference in the sample size of the studies.ConclusionChemotherapy, affecting cortical and subcortical brain structures, causes a set of cognitive impairments that can lead to impairments in social responsibility acceptance, daily functioning, and quality of life of women. Therefore, rigorous and extensive research design is required to understand the causes and consequences of CRCI using standardized and sensitive measures of cognitive functions. Specifically, studies comparing the effects of different chemotherapy regimens on cognition and potential mechanisms and/or moderators of CRCI would be instrumental in designing more effective therapy regimens and evaluating the efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation and supportive care programs.
Real‐time XFEL data analysis at SLAC and NERSC: A trial run of nascent exascale experimental data analysis
Authors: Blaschke Johannes P. , Brewster Aaron S. , Paley Daniel W. , Mendez Derek , Bhowmick Asmit , Sauter Nicholas K. , Kröger Wilko , Shankar Murali , Enders Bjoern , Bard Deborah 
Published: February 2024

SummaryX‐ray scattering experiments using free electron lasers (XFELs) are a powerful tool to determine the molecular structure and function of unknown samples (such as COVID‐19 viral proteins). XFEL experiments are a challenge to computing in two ways: (i) due to the high cost of running XFELs, a fast turnaround time from data acquisition to data analysis is essential to make informed decisions on experimental protocols; (ii) data‐collection rates are growing exponentially, requiring new scalable algorithms. Here we report our experiences analyzing data from two experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) during September 2020. Raw data were analyzed on NERSC's Cori XC40 system, using the Superfacility paradigm: our workflow automatically moves raw data between LCLS and NERSC, where it is analyzed using the software package CCTBX. We achieved real time data analysis with a turnaround time from data acquisition to full molecular reconstruction in as little as 10 min—sufficient time for the experiment's operators to make informed decisions. By hosting the data analysis on Cori, and by automating LCLS‐NERSC interoperability, we achieved a data analysis rate which matches the data acquisition rate. Completing data analysis within 10 min is a first for XFEL experiments and an important milestone if we are to keep up with data‐collection trends.
Distributed low‐latency broadcast scheduling for multi‐channel duty‐cycled wireless IoT networks
Authors: Long Peng , Wu Yuhang , Chen Quan , Cheng Lianglun 
Published: February 2024

SummaryData broadcast is a fundamental communication pattern in wireless IoT networks, in which the messages are disseminated from a source node to the entire network. The problem of minimum latency broadcast scheduling (MLBS) which is aimed to generate a quick and conflict‐free broadcast schedule has not been extensively explored in duty‐cycled networks. The existing works either work in a centralized scheme or rely on a fixed tree for broadcasting. Additionally, they all employ a strict premise that each node can only utilize one channel for both transmitting and receiving messages. Thus, to address the issues mentioned above, we examine the first distributed broadcasting algorithm in multi‐channel duty‐cycled wireless IoT networks, without relying on a predetermined tree. First, the MLBS problem in such networks is defined and proved to be NP‐hard. Then, in order to avoid transmission conflicts between different links locally, two efficient data structures are designed to help compute the earliest time and channel of receiving messages without conflicts. Based on the above data structures, we introduce an efficient distributed broadcasting algorithm, which can generate a latency‐sensitive broadcast tree while calculating a collision‐free broadcast schedule, simultaneously. Finally, the theoretical analysis and simulations demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.