bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice OsGATA16 is a positive regulator for chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development
Authors: Lim Chaemyeong , Kim Youngoh , Shim Yejin , Cho Sung‐Hwan , Yang Tae‐Jin , Song Young Hun , Kang Kiyoon , Paek Nam‐Chon 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYChloroplasts are essential organelles in plants that contain chlorophylls and facilitate photosynthesis for growth and development. As photosynthetic efficiency significantly impacts crop productivity, understanding the regulatory mechanisms of chloroplast development has been crucial in increasing grain and biomass production. This study demonstrates the involvement of OsGATA16, an ortholog of Arabidopsis GATA, NITRATE INDUCIBLE, CARBON‐METABOLISM INVOLVED (GNC), and GNC‐LIKE/CYTOKININ‐RESPONSIVE GATA FACTOR 1 (GNL/CGA1), in chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development in rice (Oryza sativa). The osgata16‐1 knockdown mutants produced pale‐green leaves, while OsGATA16‐overexpressed plants (OsGATA16‐OE1) generated dark‐green leaves, compared to their parental japonica rice. Reverse transcription and quantitative PCR analysis revealed downregulation of genes related to chloroplast division, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and photosynthesis in the leaves of osgata16‐1 and upregulation in those of OsGATA16‐OE1. Additionally, in vivo binding assays showed that OsGATA16 directly binds to the promoter regions of OsHEMA, OsCHLH, OsPORA, OsPORB, and OsFtsZ, and upregulates their expression. These findings indicate that OsGATA16 serves as a positive regulator controlling chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development in rice.
Sub‐Saharan Africa's participation in global value chains: 1995–2021
Authors: Mancini Michele , Mattoo Aaditya , Taglioni Daria , Winkler Deborah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper examines Sub‐Saharan Africa's (SSA) role in global value chains (GVCs) through a new comprehensive country‐sector level database. It reaffirms known aspects: SSA's involvement in GVCs has grown but still trails other regions, especially in manufacturing. Typically, SSA is involved in upstream production stages, exporting commodities that are later processed and re‐exported by other countries. Only few SSA countries have integrated into manufacturing GVCs, importing inputs for export production. SSA also engages more in GVCs with external partners than with other SSA countries. Yet, new insights also emerge. SSA increasingly provides inputs for its own export products, though not for domestic sales. Additionally, African GVCs are shifting alliances; China and India are rising as sources for supply of inputs and final demand, overtaking Europe. However, the United States and Europe remain pivotal final destinations for African goods and re‐export hubs of African value added.
A cognitive‐behavioral skills building program improves mental health and enhances healthy lifestyle behaviors in nurses and other hospital employees
Authors: Hoying Jacqueline , Terry Ayanna , Kelly Stephanie , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMental health outcomes in nurses have historically indicated a greater prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicide than the general population. It is vital to provide programming for healthcare workers to gain the necessary skills to reduce burnout and improve their mental and physical health.AimsThe aims of this study were to evaluate mental health outcomes and healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors among nurses and other hospital employees who completed MINDBODYSTRONG, a cognitive‐behavioral skill building program.MethodsA pre‐experimental, pre‐ and poststudy design was used to examine mental health and well‐being outcomes among 100 hospital personnel who participated in MINDBODYSTRONG, a program designed to improve coping and resiliency and decrease stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Outcomes measured included healthy lifestyle behaviors, healthy lifestyle beliefs, anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout.ResultsOne hundred hospital personnel, including 93 nurses, completed the pre‐ and post‐survey. Among all participants, post‐ MINDBODYSTRONG scores for healthy lifestyle beliefs (p = .00; Cohen's d = 0.52) and healthy lifestyle behaviors (p = .00; Cohen's d = −0.74) increased significantly with medium effects, while depression (p = .00; Cohen's d = −0.51), anxiety (p = .00; Cohen's d = −0.54), stress (p = .00; Cohen's d = −0.33), and burnout (p = .00; Cohen's d = −0.37) decreased significantly with small and medium effects. The program produced even stronger positive effects on mental health outcomes for participants who started the study with higher levels of depression and anxiety.Linking Evidence to PracticeAnxiety, depression, stress, and burnout decreased significantly postintervention. Participants also significantly improved their healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors with the MINDBODYSTRONG program. MINDBODYSTRONG is an effective program that reduces anxiety, depression, burnout, and stress and improves healthy lifestyle beliefs and behaviors in hospital‐based clinicians. It is of utmost importance to provide evidence‐based programs to improve mental resiliency and decrease stress, anxiety, burnout, and depressive symptoms, which will ultimately improve the safety and quality of health care.
Experimental Vibration Investigation of Roller Element Bearing With Combined Faults Using Surface Response Methodology
Authors: Patel Samruddhi , Patel Sanjay 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The empirical and mathematical approach is presented in the present paper for multiple distributed and localized flaws analyses in the shaft-rotor-bearing arrangement. These flaws in the combination of the inner raceway, outer raceway, and roller are measured for the analysis. To comprehend their relevance and how they affect the vibration response for the shaft-rotor-bearing mechanism, speed, load, and flaws were regarded to be the crucial process factors in this investigation. The full factorial method was considered for experimentation, and the experiment was done with the design of experiments (DOE) methodology. The outcomes of the vibration response trials are quantified as root-mean-square (RMS) values for interpretation. To determine the relationship between the effects of changing process parameters on the response of vibrations, surface response methodology (SRM) is applied. DOE is used to examine the shaft-rotor-bearing test arrangement, which is employed for exploration. In the present research, it is established how combined parametric effect analysis predicts faults in the shaft-rotor-bearing system and how it affects DOE and RSM.
Genome sequence of
Providencia stuartii
prov-sta1, isolated from the wasp
Nasonia vitripennis
Authors: Wu Runbiao , Zhu Zhengyu , Wang Guan-Hong 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Providencia stuartii
prov-sta1 is a prevalent Gram-negative bacterium and dominant in the wasp
Nasonia vitripennis
. In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of
P. stuartii
prov-sta1, and the genome size is 4,380,152 bp in 183 contigs with a G+C content of 41.34%.
Grass-legume mixtures maintain forage biomass under microbial diversity loss via gathering
Pseudomonas
in root zone soil
Authors: Liu Yu , Yan Wei , Yang Tongyao , An Yining , Li Xiaomeng , Gao Hang , Peng Ziheng , Wei Gehong , Jiao Shuo 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

As the most common approach for the restoration of degraded grasslands, the use of grass-legume mixtures has long been recognized for its role in increasing aboveground biomass and resisting grassland degradation. However, whether the legumes in these mixtures can help neighboring plants resist the decline in biomass caused by the loss of soil microbial diversity remains a question worthy of investigation. To address this, we employed a dilution method to create a gradient of decreasing microbial diversity in soil and utilized full-factorial combinations of legumes and two grasses to investigate the crucial role of legumes in the mixture. The results showed that compared to monoculture, the mixture of
Medicago sativa
L. and
Elymus dahuricus
Turcz. enhanced the biomass of grass species under conditions of soil microbial diversity loss. We then discovered that a significantly enriched
Pseudomonas
(ASV53), in the grass-legume mixtures under conditions of microbial diversity loss, was positively correlated with plant biomass and nitrogen-fixing (
nifH
) gene abundance, implying that it could be a keystone species. In addition, the grass-legume mixture increased the deterministic processes of microbial community enrichment in the root zone soil by enhancing the process of homogeneous selection. Functional predictions revealed that grass-legume mixtures increased the potential abundance of N-related and phototrophy-related microbial communities in the root zone soil. This study provides an important insight into the mechanism underlying the role of legumes in increasing and maintaining grass biomass despite soil microbial diversity loss.

IMPORTANCE

Grass-legume mixtures are a common practice for establishing artificial grasslands, directly or indirectly contributing to the improvement of yield. In addition, this method helps maintain soil and plant health by reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. The impact of grass-legume mixtures on yield and its underlying microbial mechanisms have been a focus of scientific investigation. However, the benefits of mixtures in the context of soil microbial diversity loss remain a problem worthy of exploration. In this study, we examined different aboveground and belowground diversity combinations to elucidate the mechanisms by which grass-legume mixtures help maintain stable yields in the face of diversity loss. We identified the significantly enriched
Pseudomonas
genus microbial ASV53, which was gathered through homogeneous selection and served as a keystone in the co-occurrence network. ASV53 showed a strong positive correlation with biomass and the abundance of nitrogen-fixing genes. These findings provide a new theoretical foundation for utilizing grass-legume mixtures to enhance grass yields and address the challenges posed by diversity loss.
Tunable Diode Lasers for Analytics and Diagnostics
Authors: Bolshov M. A. , Kuritsyn Yu. A. , Liger V. V. , Mironenko V. R. , Ponurovskii Ya. Ya. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Continuous-wave diode lasers (DLs) with tunable emission wavelengths have become extensively used in various fields of analytical spectroscopy and diagnostics. Working in the near and mid-IR spectral region, tunable diode lasers are particularly effective in detecting simple molecules, making them invaluable for environmental monitoring, industrial process control, and diagnostics of subsonic and supersonic gas flows. However, the lack of commercial diode lasers operating in the spectral region shorter than 400 nm has restricted their applicability to elemental analysis, as many resonance lines of free atoms of elements lie in the region 250–400 nm. This review aims to highlight various applications of continuous diode lasers, which are lesser-known to analytical chemists. We briefly overview their main characteristics and discuss their advantages, enabling their successful implementation in traditional analytical spectroscopy tasks, as well as for diagnosing parameters of remote gas objects, including combustion processes in mixing gas flows.
Associations between 11 parental discipline behaviours and child outcomes across 60 countries
Authors: Ward Kaitlin Paxton , Grogan-Kaylor Andrew , Ma Julie , Pace Garrett T , Lee Shawna 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesTo test associations between 11 caregiver aggressive and non-aggressive discipline behaviours and outcomes (aggression, distraction and prosocial peer relations) of children under 5 years in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).ParticipantsData came from the fourth (2009–2013) and fifth (2012–2017) rounds of the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. Analyses were restricted to households with children under 5 years, leaving a sample of 229 465 respondents across 60 LMICs. Data were analysed using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression.ResultsVerbal reasoning (80%) and shouting (66%) were the most common parental discipline behaviours towards young children. Psychological and physical aggression were associated with higher child aggression and distraction. Compared with not using verbal reasoning, verbal reasoning was associated with lower odds of aggression (OR)=0.92, 95% credible interval (CI)=0.86 to 0.99) and higher odds of prosocial peer relations (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.20 to 1.42). Taking away privileges was associated with higher odds of distraction (OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03 to 1.15) and lower odds of prosocial peer relations (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.87 to 0.98). Giving the child something else to do was associated with higher odds of distraction (OR=1.06, 95% CI=1.01 to 1.12). The results indicated country-level variation in the associations between parenting behaviours and child socioemotional outcomes.ConclusionsPsychological and physical aggression were disadvantageous for children’s socioemotional development across countries. Only verbal reasoning was associated with positive child socioemotional development. No form of psychological aggression or physical aggression benefited child socioemotional development in any country. Greater emphasis should be dedicated to reducing parental use of psychological and physical aggression across cultural contexts.
Dietary diversity and associated factors among school-aged children and adolescents in Lokossa district of southern Benin: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sagbo Herbert , Kpodji Paulin 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of dietary diversity and associated factors.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLokossa district, southern Benin.ParticipantsA survey conducted in a probabilistic sample of 612 students (345 boys and 267 girls), aged 8–17 years old from 26 primary schools. Dietary Diversity Scores were calculated by summing the number of food groups consumed by the schoolchildren and adolescents over a 24-hour recall period. Adequate dietary diversity can be assigned to a consumption that is greater than or equal to five food groups, and inadequate dietary diversity can be assigned to a consumption that is lower than five food groups. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean and SD were computed. Statistical analysis was performed on the data to determine which variables were associated with dietary diversity as well as the results of the adjusted OR with a 95% CI. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe proportion of schoolchildren and adolescents with inadequate dietary diversity was 25.8% (95% CI 15.1% to 40.5%). Schoolchildren and adolescents living in rural areas, having low household socioeconomic status, eating breakfast less than 5 days per week and no eating school meals were significantly associated with inadequate dietary diversity.ConclusionsThe results of this study revealed that the diet among schoolchildren and adolescents lacked diversity and is associated with socioeconomic status, rural living, eating breakfast and school meals. Public health interventions, such as school meal programmes in rural and isolated areas, in association with poverty-reducing programmes and nutrition education, are recommended to improve the quality of diet and limit the consequences of poor diet diversity.
Marital adjustment and depressive symptoms among Chinese perinatal women: a prospective, longitudinal cross-lagged study
Authors: Yang Yuqiong , Luo Biru , Ren Jianhua , Deng Xue , Guo Xiujing 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesThe objective was to assess the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms and determine the trajectories of marital adjustment and depressive symptoms and their reciprocal relationships among Chinese perinatal women.DesignThis was a prospective, longitudinal cross-lagged study.SettingThe study was conducted at the outpatient department of the largest women’s and children’s hospital in China, which is located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province.ParticipantsFour hundred and sixty-three mothers were conveniently sampled.Main outcome measuresThe Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to evaluate marital adjustment and depressive symptoms, respectively, at three time points: the first trimester of pregnancy (T1), the third trimester of pregnancy (T2) and 6 weeks after childbirth (T3). Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms, and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the trajectories of marital adjustment and depressive symptoms among the participants. A cross-lagged model was used to explore the reciprocal relationship between marital adjustment and depressive symptoms.ResultsThe prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms among our participants ranged from 21.2% to 24.0%. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that during the perinatal period there was a significant tendency towards worse marital adjustment (F=33.031, p=0.000) and a slight but not significant reduction in depressive symptoms (F=1.883, p=0.153) among the participants. The cross-lagged model showed that maternal marital adjustment at T1 significantly and negatively predicted depressive symptoms at T2 (β=−0.165, p<0.001), and that depressive symptoms at T2 significantly and negatively predicted marital adjustment at T3 (β=−0.135, p<0.001). However, the predictive effects of depressive symptoms at T1 on marital adjustment at T2 and that of marital adjustment at T2 on depressive symptoms at T3 were not significant.ConclusionThe prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms ranged from 21.2% to 24.0% among the participants. During the perinatal period, the marital adjustment of women tended to be worse; however, there was no significant change in depressive symptoms. This study showed that better marital adjustment at T1 was a protective factor against maternal depressive symptoms at T2, and a higher level of depressive symptoms at T2 was a risk factor for worse marital adjustment at T3.
Evaluating the implementation of a dynamic digital application to enable community-based decentralisation of rheumatic heart disease case management in Uganda: protocol for a hybrid type III effectiveness-implementation study
Authors: Minja Neema W , Pulle Jafesi , Rwebembera Joselyn , de Loizaga Sarah R , Fall Ndate , Ollberding Nicholas , Abrams Jessica , Atala Jenifer , Kamarembo Jenipher , Oyella Linda , Odong Francis , Nalubwama Haddy , Nakagaayi Doreen , Sarnacki Rachel , Su Yanfang , Dexheimer Judith W , Sable Craig , Longenecker Chris T , Danforth Kristen , Okello Emmy , Beaton Andrea Zawacki , Watkins David A 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionRheumatic heart disease (RHD) affects over 39 million people worldwide, the majority in low-income and middle-income countries. Secondary antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP), given every 3–4 weeks can improve outcomes, provided more than 80% of doses are received. Poor adherence is strongly correlated with the distance travelled to receive prophylaxis. Decentralising RHD care has the potential to bridge these gaps and at least maintain or potentially increase RHD prophylaxis uptake. A package of implementation strategies was developed with the aim of reducing barriers to optimum SAP uptake.Methods and analysisA hybrid implementation-effectiveness study type III was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a package of implementation strategies including a digital, cloud-based application to support decentralised RHD care, integrated into the public healthcare system in Uganda. Our overarching hypothesis is that secondary prophylaxis adherence can be maintained or improved via a decentralisation strategy, compared with the centralised delivery strategy, by increasing retention in care. To evaluate this, eligible patients with RHD irrespective of their age enrolled at Lira and Gulu hospital registry sites will be consented for decentralised care at their nearest participating health centre. We estimated a sample size of 150–200 registrants. The primary outcome will be adherence to secondary prophylaxis while detailed implementation measures will be collected to understand barriers and facilitators to decentralisation, digital application tool adoption and ultimately its use and scale-up in the public healthcare system.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (IRB 2021-0160) and Makerere University School of Medicine Research Ethics Committee (Mak-SOMREC-2021-61). Participation will be voluntary and informed consent or assent (>8 but <18) will be obtained prior to participation. At completion, study findings will be communicated to the public, key stakeholders and submitted for publication.
Incidence, demographics and outcomes of patients with penetrating injury: a Japanese nationwide 10-year retrospective study
Authors: Nagao Tsuyoshi , Toida Chiaki , Morimura Naoto 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundUnintentional injury remains the leading cause of death among Japanese people younger than 35 years; however, data are limited on the evaluation of characteristics, long-term mortality trend and mortality risk of patients with penetrating injury in Japan. This prevents the development of effective strategies for trauma care in patients with penetrating injury.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study investigated 313 643 patients registered in the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) dataset between 1 January 2009 and 31 March 2018. The inclusion criteria comprised patients with penetrating injuries transferred from the injury site by emergency vehicles. Moreover, the patients registered in the JTDB dataset were included in this study regardless of age and sex. Outcomes measured were nationwide trends of characteristics, in-hospital mortality and in-hospital mortality risk among Japanese patients with penetrating injury. The mortality risk was analysed by hospital admission year, age, Injury Severity Score (ISS) and emergency procedures.ResultsOverall, 7132 patients were included. Median age significantly increased during the 10-year study periods (from 48 to 54 years, p=0.002). Trends for the mechanism of injury did not change; the leading cause of penetrating injury was stab wounds (SW: 76%–82%). Overall, the in-hospital mortality rate significantly decreased (4.0% to 1.7%, p=0.008). However, no significant improvement was observed in the in-hospital mortality trend in all ISS groups with SW and active bleeding. Patients with active bleeding who underwent urgent transcatheter arterial embolization had significantly lower mortality risk (p=0.043, OR=0.12, 95% CI=0.017 to 0.936). Conversely, the surgical procedure for haemostasis did not improve the mortality risk of patients with SW and active bleeding.ConclusionThe severity-adjusted mortality trend in patients with penetrating injuries did not improve. Moreover, patients with active bleeding who underwent urgent surgical procedure for haemostasis had a higher mortality risk.