bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical benefit of chemosensitivity test for patients with regional lymph node–positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nakamori Mikihito , Iwahashi Makoto , Nakamura Masaki , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatients who have undergone resection for lymph node–positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are at high risk of recurrence and early death. The role of the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in this population needs to be determined. The present study was designed to determine whether the chemosensitivity test in fresh human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, using highly purified tumor cells, correlates with the clinical response.MethodsA retrospective review of all patients with resected squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus between 1993 and 2000 was performed. We determined the chemosensitivity for cisplatin (CDDP), 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), mitomycin C, and adriamycin in vitro in fresh human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using the MTT assay. Regional lymph node–positive (N1) patients who received sequential postoperative chemotherapy were compared with lymph node positive patients who underwent surgery alone.ResultsA total of 50 patients were reviewed, and chemosensitivity tests were successfully performed in 46 patients: 20 patients received surgery alone (S group), and 26 patients received surgery plus postoperative chemotherapy (SC group) according to results of MTT assay using highly purified tumor cells. When the SC group was divided into an SC‐low group (inhibition rate of CDDP + 5‐FU was below 85%, n = 15) and an SC‐high group (over 85%, n = 11), the SC‐high group showed more significant survival prolongation than the S group or the SC‐low group (P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the results of the conventional MTT assay may be useful in evaluating the optimum adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with regional lymph node positive (pN1) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;84:10–16. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new proliferation marker, minichromosome maintenance protein 2, is associated with tumor aggressiveness in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kato Hiroyuki , Miyazaki Tatsuya , Fukai Yasuyuki , Nakajima Masanobu , Sohda Makoto , Takita Junko , Masuda Norihiro , Fukuchi Minoru , Manda Ryokuhei , Ojima Hitoshi , Tsukada Katsuhiko , Asao Takayuki , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to determine whether minichromosome maintenance protein (MCM) 2 expression is useful in predicting tumor proliferation rates and outcome after therapy in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In addition, we evaluated whether the expression of this proliferation marker was correlated with that of another marker, Ki‐67, in esophageal SCC.MethodsWe examined immunohistochemical expression of MCM2 and Ki‐67 in surgically resected tissues from 93 patients with esophageal SCC.ResultsThe mean nuclear labeling index of MCM2 was markedly higher in SCC than in normal epithelia (P < 0.0001). A comparison of MCM2 labeling index and clinicopathological characteristics in 93 patients with esophageal cancer revealed significant associations between MCM2 labeling index and tumor status (P < 0.05), lymph node status (P < 0.01), metastatic status (P < 0.01), pathologic stage (P < 0.01), histologic grade (P < 0.05), and poor prognosis (P < 0.05). A comparison of Ki‐67 labeling index and clinicopathological characteristics revealed significant associations between Ki‐67 labeling index and lymph node status (P < 0.01), metastatic status (P < 0.05), pathologic stage (P < 0.05), histologic grade (P < 0.05), and poor prognosis (P < 0.05). The relationship between MCM2 and Ki‐67 labeling indices in the primary tumor showed a significant correlation (P < 0.05), but the MCM 2 labeling index was considerably higher.ConclusionsMCM2 may be a more reliable and useful marker than Ki‐67 in assessing the growth of normal and tumor cells and in evaluating tumor aggressiveness and prognostic value in patients with esophageal SCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;84:24–30. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of oral lichen planus with the 308‐nm UVB excimer laser—early preliminary results in eight patients
Authors: Köllner Katja , Wimmershoff Monika , Landthaler Michael , Hohenleutner Ulrich 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic disease of uncertain origin. Many patients with OLP are refractory to all available therapies. The 308‐nm excimer laser was used as a possible additional method in the treatment of OLP.Study Design/Materials and MethodsEight patients with OLP were treated using the 308‐nm UVB excimer laser.ResultsClinical improvement was achieved in six patients. Two patients showed complete remission, of which one patient showed recurrence of the lesions after 4 weeks.ConclusionThe preliminary results in our opinion warrant further studies of this treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:158–160, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
H‐NMR spin‐lattice and correlation times of burned soft‐tissue after treatment with an infrared pulsed laser device
Authors: Rodríguez‐Santana Elizabeth , Santana‐Blank Luis A. , Reyes Heberto , Santana‐Rodríguez Karin E. , Hunger Manfred , Orellana Rafael , Ortega Daniel 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the spin‐lattice (T1, 1/T1) and correlation times (τc) of burned soft‐tissue after treatment with an infrared (IR) pulsed laser device (IPLD, 904 nm pulsed at 3 MHz).Study Design/Materials and MethodsSeven groups (GI–GVII), each consisting of four albino rats, were used. Groups I–VI were anesthetized and burned with a hot tip: GI, GIII, GV were not irradiated; GII, GIV, GVI were irradiated at 0; 0 and 24; and 0, 24, and 48 hours, respectively. A control group (GVII) was neither burned nor irradiated. Samples from all groups were evaluated using a 90 MHz hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (H‐NMR) spectrometer. An unpaired Student's t‐test and an ANOVA I were preformed (α = 0.05).ResultsAt 0 and 24 hours, 1/T1 and τc data revealed significant differences between GVII and both the non‐irradiated (GI, GIII), and irradiated (GII, GIV) groups. At 48 hours, only the difference in τc between GVII and the irradiated group (GVI) remained significant.ConclusionsSpin‐lattice data reflected significant changes in tissues induced by the burn and a tendency towards control values for all burned groups. Meanwhile, the τc value of GVI suggests the possibility of enhanced reparative effects attributable to chaotic intra‐ and inter‐molecular energy transport to biopolymers in injured soft‐tissue. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:190–198, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fluorescence hysteroscopy using 5‐aminolevulinic: A descriptive study
Authors: Wyss Pius , Degen Andrea , Caduff Rosmarie , Hornung Rene , Haller Urs , Fehr Mathias 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of fluorescence hysteroscopy following topical ALA application and to descript the optical appearance of normal and neoplastic endometrium.Study Design/Materials and MethodsFifty‐four patients scheduled for routine hysteroscopy and D&C were assigned to the study group using topically applied ALA. Two milliliters of a 2% 5‐ALA‐solution at pH = 4.0 (ASAT AG/Zug, Switzerland) was administrated into the uterine cavity 4 hours before fluorescence hysteroscopy, using a STORZ‐D‐Light (Tuttlingen, Germany) system. Hysteroscopic findings were compared to the histological diagnosis of hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) stained sections. In the study group, 60 histological specimens were taken (47 materials of curettage and 13 targeted biopsies). The percentage of fluorescence positive patients was calculated.ResultsThe rate of fluorescent endometrial samples was low in atrophic endometrium 1/16 (6.2%). Endometrial carcinoma were diagnosed in two patients. Both cases exhibited selective and intense PpIX‐mediated red fluorescence. Fluorescence hysteroscopy could not differentiate between hyperplastic areas with or without atypia. Minimal uterine cramps or discomfort following ALA instillation were complained by 30 (56%) patients, no pain was indicated by 24 patients (44%).ConclusionsFluorescence hysteroscopy following intrauterine application of ALA is feasible. Cancerous, hyperplastic, and secretory endometrial tissue showed high red fluorescence. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:209–212, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative in vitro percutaneous penetration of 5‐aminolevulinic acid and two of its esters through excised hairless mouse skin
Authors: van den Akker Johanna T.H.M. , Holroyd J. Andrew , Vernon David I. , Sterenborg Henricus J.C.M. , Brown Stanley B. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesALA esters have been developed to improve PpIX production in ALA–PDT, but they do not perform as well in skin as they do in cells and the bladder.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe in vitro penetration across normal mouse skin of ALA and its methyl and hexyl ester was determined for different application concentrations. ALA and the esters were also applied to tape stripped skin to determine the effect of the stratum corneum.ResultsThe penetration of ALA and the esters was higher through tape stripped skin than through normal skin (P < 0.01), showing that the stratum corneum is an important barrier. The experiments with different application concentrations indicated that the skin penetration through normal skin and tape stripped skin is highest for ALA and lowest for the hexyl ester.ConclusionsThe differences in skin penetration properties could be (co‐)responsible for the finding that ALA esters do not induce substantially higher PpIX levels in in vivo skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:173–181, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Light emitting diode irradiation protect against the amyloid beta 25–35 induced apoptosis of PC12 cell in vitro
Authors: Duan Rui , Zhu Ling , Liu Timon Cheng‐Yi , Li Yan , Liu Jiang , Jiao Jianling , Xu Xiaoyang , Yao Libo , Liu Songhao 
Published: August 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWhether light emitting diode (LED) irradiation has effects on “β‐amyloid (Aβ) induced apoptosis,” a leading hypothesis of the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), or not?Study Design/Materials and MethodsMonolayer cell cultures of PC12 were subjected to Aβ or/and LED irradiation at various intensity. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by morphological criteria, DNA fragmentation assay, and FAScan flow cytometer assay.ResultsTreatment of the cells with LED irradiation significantly diminished Aβ induced apoptosis within 24 hours.ConclusionsThe LED irradiation, when utilized at power of 0.9 W/m2 and 60 minutes has significantly diminished Aβ induced apoptosis of PC12 cells. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:199–203, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic snapshot analyses of preribosomal ribonucleoprotein complexes formed at various stages of ribosome biogenesis in yeast and mammalian cells
Authors: Takahashi Nobuhiro , Yanagida Mitsuaki , Fujiyama Sally , Hayano Toshiya , Isobe Toshiaki 
Published: August 2003

Abstract

I.
Introduction
288

II.
Transcription and Processing of the Pre‐rRNA in the Ribosome Biogenesis of Yeast Cells: A Model for Eukaryotic Cells
290

III.
Trans‐Acting Factors Involved in the Pre‐rRNA Processing and Assembly in Yeast Cells
291

A.  Trans‐Acting Proteins That Act with snoRNAs
291

B.  Trans‐Acting Factors Involved in the rRNA Cleavages
293

C.  Trans‐Acting Factors Involved in the rRNA Editing and Conformational Rearrangement
296

IV.
Isolation and Proteomic Characterization of Pre‐rRNP Complexes Formed During Ribosome Biogenesis in Yeast Cells
296

A.  Experimental Approaches to Characterize Pre‐rRNP Complexes
296

B.  90S Pre‐rRNP Complexes Formed at Very Early Stages of Ribosome Biogenesis
299

C.  Pre‐rRNP Complexes Formed at Early/Middle Stages of Ribosome Biogenesis
302

D.  Pre‐rRNP Complexes Formed at Later Stages of Ribosome Biogenesis
303

V.
Isolation and Proteomic Characterization of Pre‐rRNP Complexes Involved in Mammalian Ribosome Biogenesis
304

A.  Ribosome Biogenesis in Mammalian Cells
304

B.  Proteomic Analysis of the Pre‐rRNP Complexes Associated with Nucleolin: A Major Nucleolar Protein
305

C.  Reverse‐Tagging Methodology Applied to Human Trans‐Acting Proteins Involved in Ribosome Biogenesis
310

D.  Isolation and Proteomic Analysis of Human Parvulin‐Associating Pre‐rRNP Complexes
310

VI.
Proteomic Analysis of the Nucleolus of Mammalian Cells
312

VII.
Conclusions
312

VIII.
Abbreviations
314

References
314

Proteomic technologies powered by advancements in mass spectrometry and bioinformatics and coupled with accumulated genome sequence data allow a comprehensive study of cell function through large‐scale and systematic protein identifications of protein constituents of the cell and tissues, as well as of multi‐protein complexes that carry out many cellular function in a higher‐order network in the cell. One of the most extensively analyzed cellular functions by proteomics is the production of ribosome, the protein‐synthesis machinery, in the nucle(ol)us—the main site of ribosome biogenesis. The use of tagged proteins as affinity bait, coupled with mass spectrometric identification, enabled us to isolate synthetic intermediates of ribosomes that might represent snapshots of nascent ribosomes at particular stages of ribosome biogenesis and to identify their constituents—some of which showed dynamic changes for association with the intermediates at various stages of ribosome biogenesis. In this review, in conjunction with the results from yeast cells, our proteomic approach to analyze ribosome biogenesis in mammalian cells is described. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 22:287–317, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10057
Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Raffaelli Andrea , Saba Alessandro 
Published: August 2003

Abstract

I.
Introduction and Historical Background
318

II.
Short Theoretical Outline
319

A.  The Use of a Dopant
319

1.  APPI–MS with a Dopant
320

B.  Further Parallel Reactions in APPI–MS
321

III.
APPI Sources—Overview
321

A.  In‐Line Geometry Source
321

B.  Orthogonal Geometry Source
323

IV.
Factors that Influence the Performance of APPI
323

A.  The Dopant
323

B.  Mobile Phase Composition
323

V.
Applications
324

A.  Pharmaceutical and Drug Metabolism
324

1.  Non‐Steroidal Compounds
325

2.  Steroidal Compounds
327

B.  Environmental
327

C.  Natural Products
328

D.  Synthetic Organics
329

VI.
Conclusions
330

Acknowledgments
330

References
330

Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) is the last arrival in the family of atmospheric pressure ionization (API) methods to couple mass spectrometry (MS) to liquid‐phase separation techniques. The basic idea was to further extend the fields of application of liquid chromatography (LC)–MS to those molecules that are not, or are poorly amenable, to electrospray (ESI) or APCI. The present review explores the literature. After a short introduction with an historical background and the premises for its development, we describe the technique, its physical principles, and the factors that affect its efficiency. The review also presents a survey of applications in different fields. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 22:318–331, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10060
Bacterial production of PHA from lactose and cheese whey permeate
Authors: Povolo Silvana , Casella Sergio 
Published: August 2003

AbstractDue to the large availability of agro‐industry wastes containing potentially exploitable substrates, such as whey from dairy industry, a study on the bacterial conversion of lactose and whey permeate to poly(β‐hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) was undertaken. A first approach was carried out on culture collection strains. Among a number of strains tested, Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava DSM 1034 and Sinorhizobium meliloti 41 were found to grow on lactose and produce PHA. These findings suggested to investigate among a wider range of microorganisms by directly isolating new strains from soil. A number of soil bacteria were first isolated on a minimal medium containing lactose as unique carbon source and PHA‐accumulating traits were then investigated. Three isolates, identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis as Sinorhizobium sp., Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus sp., were selected for their efficient growth and PHA production using lactose as carbon source. The same strains were also tested for their ability to accumulate PHA by direct fermentation of whey and whey permeate. Our results suggest that production of the polymer from cheese whey or whey permeate may be possible, although further research is needed to determine whether these microorganisms have the potential for commercial production of such biodegradable polymers.
Study of the influence of plasticizers on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) compounds
Authors: Baltieri Rodrigo Cirillo , Innocentini Mei Lucia H. , Bartoli Julio 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe influence of four types of plasticizers, dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl adipate (DOA), triacetyl glycerol (TAG) and polyadipate (PA), in the thermal and mechanical properties of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a highly crystalline biodegradable polyester, was evaluated in this work. The plasticizers were introduced alone or mixtures of them, using concentrations that varied from 5 to 30% wt. Their influence in some important polymer parameters as Tg, Tm and degree of crystallinity, and on its mechanical behavior, elongation and tensile strain were investigated. The best results were obtained for the sample with 30% TAG and that one using a binary mixture of plasticizers PA 20% and TAG 10%.
Factorial design in optimization of PHAs processing
Authors: Chiellini Emo , Grillo Fernandes Elizabeth , Pietrini Matteo , Solaro Roberta 
Published: August 2003

AbstractPoly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHA)s, as all melt‐processed polymers, may undergo thermal degradation at temperatures close to the melting point. The primary purpose of the present study is to screen out process variables on the basis of a factorial design for two variables at two levels. The investigated parameters for PHA polymer samples processed in a torque rheometer were structure of PHA, processing temperature, and rotor speed. For polymers processed by compression molding, only the first two variables were considered and purification. The main effects and possible interactions were verified by the changes of molecular weight and thermal properties, as detected by DSC and TGA. It was observed that molecular weight decreased up to about 50% while the thermal properties did not appreciably change.
Biodegradable polymeric films based on microbial poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate). Effect of gamma‐radiation on mechanical properties and biodegradability
Authors: Miyazaki S.S. , Yep A.R. , Kolton F. , Hermida É.B. , Povolo F. , Fernandes E.G. , Chiellini E. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractTwo samples of microbial poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) having different molecular weight were used for the preparation of films to be exposed to gamma radiation. The effect of radiation on those samples with high molecular weight increased the fragility of the film. Biodegradability increased with time and reached about 95% after 18 days. Weight‐loss of both samples (irradiated and non‐irradiated) after 23 days were 100%, for those films with molecular weight of 265 kD.
Thermal and mechanical properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) plasticized by biodegradable soybean oils
Authors: Choi Jea Shin , Park Won Ho 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe effects of soybean oil (SO) and epoxidized soybean oil(ESO) as biodegradable plasticizers for poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) were studied using thermal and mechanical analyses. PHBV/SO and PHBV/ESO blends were prepared by evaporating solvent from blend solutions. The levels of additive in the blend varied from 5% to 30%. As a plasticizer for PHBV, ESO was more effective than SO in depression of the glass transition temperature as well as in increasing the elongation at break and the impact strength of the films with increasing levels of additive. Biodegradation of the plasticized PHBV films was carried out by accelerated compost method. The degradation rates of the blend films with SO or ESO were found to be faster than that of PHBV film. From the thermogravimetric analysis, it was found that the thermal reaction between the epoxide groups of ESO and PHBV fragments with carboxylic chain ends, occurred during the degradation of PHBV/ESO blends.
Characterization of surface modified flax fibers and their biocomposites with PHB
Authors: Lee Seung Goo , Choi Sung‐Seen , Park Won Ho , Cho Donghwan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractFlax fiber was treated with acetic anhydride or with ethylene plasma to improve adhesion with poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). The flax fiber surface became hydrophobic by the surface treatments. The ethylene plasma treated flax fiber has better thermal resistance and shows higher interfacial adhesion strength in flax/PHB biocomposite than the chemically modified flax fiber with acetic anhydride. Optimum conditions of the ethylene plasma treatment were found to be 0.5 cm3/sec of the ethylene flow rate and 50 W of the plasma power with 5 min of the treatment time.
Injection molded hybrid composites based on corn fibers and poly(vinyl alcohol)
Authors: Cinelli Patrizia , Lawton John W. , Gordon Sherald H. , Imam Syed H. , Chiellini Emo 
Published: August 2003

AbstractOngoing research cooperation between USDA and the University of Pisa, Italy has yielded several composite blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and corn fibers (CF). The USA is the largest producer of ethanol from cereal grains. Composites based on natural fibers alone are extremely sensitive to water. Their mechanical properties deteriorated upon the absorption of water, thus suggesting a limited usefulness of such formulations in practical applications. In this study, corn‐fibers produced during the wet milling process of corn for fuel ethanol were used to prepare composites. CF and PVA were processed in variable amounts in the presence of both dry/fluid plasticizers, such as glycerol and pentaerythritol. Composites prepared from CF in combination with PVA showed little change in their mechanical properties even after conditioning at variable relative humidities, as well as complete soaking in water. Composites tested after storage for one year under 50% relative humidity and 23°C exhibited mechanical properties similar to those of freshly prepared composites. Cornstarch was introduced in the formulation for the purpose of reducing the cost of the final product and to further increase the composition of natural components in the composites. Addition of starch moderately reduced the mechanical properties of the composites.
Biodegradable hybrid polymer films based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and collagen hydrolyzate
Authors: Chiellini Emo , Cinelli Patrizia , Ilieva Vassilka I. , Ceccanti Antonio , Alexy Pavol , Bakos Dusan 
Published: August 2003

AbstractHybrid blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and collagen hydrolyzate (CH), an added value waste from leather indutry, have been converted by blown molding extrusion, to environmentally degradable films.Blown extruded films comprising 5‐15% of CH, were tested as sel fertilizing mulching films and analyzed for their propensity to enviromental degradation.PVA/CH films rapidly disintegrate when buried in soil, and resulted promising for application such as transplanting films, with additional fertilizing action of CH.