bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of social media in recruiting young people to mental health research: a scoping review
Authors: Smith Megan V A , Grohmann Dominique , Trivedi Daksha 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThis review explored the literature on the use of social media in recruiting young people, aged 13–18 years, to mental health research. It aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and strategies to improve participation in future research.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesArticles published between January 2011 and February 2023 were searched for on PubMed, Scopus, Medline (via EBSCOhost) and Cochrane Library databases.Eligibility criteriaStudies that outlined social media as a recruitment method and recruited participants aged 13–18 years.Data extraction and synthesisData was extracted by two reviewers independently and cross-checked by a third reviewer. Data on study design, aims, participants, recruitment methods and findings related specifically to social media as a recruitment tool were collected.Results24 journal articles met the inclusion criteria. Studies were predominantly surveys (n=13) conducted in the USA (n=16) recruiting via Facebook (n=16) and/or Instagram (n=14). Only nine of the included articles provided a summary of success and reviewed the efficacy of social media recruitment for young people in mental health research. Type of advertisement, the language used, time of day and the use of keywords were all found to be factors that may influence the success of recruitment through social media; however, as these are based on findings from a small number of studies, such potential influences require further investigation.ConclusionSocial media recruitment can be a successful method for recruiting young people to mental health research. Further research is needed into recruiting socioeconomically marginalised groups using this method, as well as the effectiveness of new social media platforms.RegistrationOpen Science Framework Registry (https://osf.io/mak75/).
Improvement of response bandwidth and sensitivity of Rydberg receiver using multi-channel excitations
Authors: Hu Jinlian , Jiao Yuechun , He Yunhui , Zhang Hao , Zhang Linjie , Zhao Jianming , Jia Suotang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the response bandwidth of a superheterodyne Rydberg receiver at a room-temperature vapor cell, and present an architecture of multi-channel lasers excitation to increase the response bandwidth and keep sensitivity, simultaneously. Two microwave fields, denoted as a local oscillator (LO) $E_{\text{LO}}$

E
LO

and a signal field $E_{\text{SIG}}$

E
SIG

, couple two Rydberg states transition of $|52D_{5/2}\rangle \to |53P_{3/2}\rangle $
|
52

D

5
/
2

〉
→
|
53

P

3
/
2

〉
. In the presence of the LO field, the frequency difference between two fields can be read out as an intermediate frequency (IF) signal using Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectroscopy. The bandwidth of the Rydberg receiver is obtained by measuring the output power of IF signal versus the frequency difference between two fields. The bandwidth dependence on the Rabi frequency of excitation lasers is presented, which shows the bandwidth decrease with the probe Rabi frequency, while it is quadratic dependence on the coupling Rabi frequency. Meanwhile, we investigate the effect of probe laser waist on the bandwidth, showing that the bandwidth is inversely proportional to the laser waist. We achieve a maximum response bandwidth of the receiver about 6.8 MHz. Finally, we design an architecture of multi-channel lasers excitation for increasing the response and keeping the sensitivity, simultaneously. Our work has the potential to extend the applications of Rydberg atoms in communications.
Rapid loading and deformation of soft sediments during emplacement of a lava delta in the Vøring Basin, Mid-Norwegian Margin
Authors: Maharjan Dwarika , Planke Sverre , Bellwald Benjamin , Millett John M. , Abdelmalak Mohamed Mansour , Manton Ben , Zastrozhnov Dmitrii , Jerram Dougal A. , Myklebust Reidun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soft sediment deformation structures may form when denser sediments or fluids are deposited on or flow over unlithified and less dense sediments. This study presents a seismic geomorphological study of the basal contact between an extrusive volcanic sequence and underlying sediments, defining the ‘Base Basalt’ surface, on the Mid-Norwegian Margin. This contribution focuses in particular on the development of geomorphological features related to the rapid loading of a several 100 m-thick lava delta package of hyaloclastite onto poorly consolidated sediments of the pre-volcanic sedimentary basin fill. Seismic horizons, sequence boundaries, volcanic facies units and attribute maps are used to characterize the seismic geomorphological features imaged within a high-quality 3D seismic cube. The ‘Base Basalt’ horizon and attribute maps reveal incised channels and a network of polygonal to irregular depressions and ridges described here as an ‘egg-box network’. More than 150 depressions, with a typical diameter of 1 km and a depth of 100 m, have been mapped. The deformation features, which are restricted to the base of the Lava Delta seismic facies unit, are interpreted to be the result of rapid loading of the Lava Delta onto poorly consolidated unlithified pre-volcanic sediments. This study presents new evidence for the dynamic nature of the transition between sedimentary basins and large-scale volcanism found along volcanic margins and basins associated with rapid volcanic deposition.
Magmatically driven hydrocarbon generation and fluid flow in the Namibe Basin of Angola
Authors: Fiordalisi Edoardo , van Dongen Bart , Moore Julian , Rochelle-Bates Nathan , Machado Vladimir A. G. , Dixon Richard , Sharp Ian , Schröder Stefan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Magmatic activity can severely alter the thermal structure of a sedimentary basin, with variable effects on the petroleum system. The Namibe Basin of Angola (Cretaceous South Atlantic rift) contains well-exposed magmatic and petroleum system elements and allows integrated assessment of how magmatic activity can modify the petroleum system. The basin was affected by syn-rift and post-rift magmatic events, and bitumen is observed within both the Pre- and Post-Salt stratigraphical sections. In the Pre-Salt, fluorescent bitumen has a lacustrine signature and is associated with calcite and quartz cements. Onshore Pre-Salt units are thermally immature, and therefore the source rock that generated the Pre-Salt bitumen is likely located offshore. Hydrocarbons migrated or re-migrated via magmatically driven fluids, reaching the present-day onshore. Closer to magmatic units, non-fluorescent pyrobitumen was instead observed, evidencing hydrocarbon cracking processes following emplacement. In the Post-Salt, bitumen is
in situ
and shows marine-like signatures compatible with an immediate Post-Salt source rock depositional environment. In the immediate Post-Salt, units with very high total organic carbon values (TOC; up to 13.8%) and excellent source rock properties (hydrogen index >600 mgHC g
−1
TOC) have reached thermal maturation. Within the Namibe Basin these Post-Salt source units lie in proximity to major Turonian–Coniacian–Santonian volcanic centres and associated shallow intrusions, which are likely to have caused thermally forced maturation processes and generation of the Post-Salt hydrocarbons. This paper demonstrates the importance of an integrated field, petrographic and geochemical approach in unravelling the influence of magmatic activity on basin thermal structure and petroleum systems.
P2ANet: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Dense Action Detection from Table Tennis Match Broadcasting Videos
Authors: Bian Jiang , Li Xuhong , Wang Tao , Wang Qingzhong , Huang Jun , Liu Chen , Zhao Jun , Lu Feixiang , Dou Dejing , Xiong Haoyi 
Published: November 2023

While deep learning has been widely used for video analytics, such as video classification and action detection, dense action detection with fast-moving subjects from sports videos is still challenging. In this work, we release yet another sports video benchmarkP2ANetforPingPong-Action detection, which consists of 2,721 video clips collected from the broadcasting videos of professional table tennis matches in World Table Tennis Championships and Olympiads. We work with a crew of table tennis professionals and referees on a specially designed annotation toolbox to obtain fine-grained action labels (in 14 classes) for every ping-pong action that appeared in the dataset, and formulate two sets of action detection problems—action localizationandaction recognition. We evaluate a number of commonly seen action recognition (e.g., TSM, TSN, Video SwinTransformer, and Slowfast) and action localization models (e.g., BSN, BSN++, BMN, TCANet), usingP2ANetfor both problems, under various settings. These models can only achieve 48% area under the AR-AN curve for localization and 82% top-one accuracy for recognition since the ping-pong actions are dense with fast-moving subjects but broadcasting videos are with only 25 FPS. The results confirm thatP2ANetis still a challenging task and can be used as a special benchmark for dense action detection from videos. We invite readers to examine our dataset by visiting the following link:https://github.com/Fred1991/P2ANET.
The Relationship between Social Support, Empathy, Self-Efficacy, and Humanistic Practice Ability among Clinical Nurses in China: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhang Lin , Yan Jin , Huang Hui , Yi Qifeng , Peng Liming 
Published: November 2023

Aim. This study aims to identify the factors that influence humanistic practice ability, validate the relationship among social support, empathy, self-efficacy, and humanistic practice, and provide reference basis for developing intervention measures. Background. Cultivating humanistic practice ability in clinical nurses is essential for improving the quality of nursing care. Methods. From February to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in top three hospitals in central China. The study used a self-designed questionnaire to ascertain the general characteristics of the participants. The Nurses’ Humanistic Practice Ability Scale, Jefferson Empathy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation and a structural equation model through statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) and analysis of moment structure (AMOS). Results. A total of 650 clinical nurses were included in this study. The average age was 32.35 ± 8.35 years. The Nurses’ Humanistic Practice ability Scales score was 107.49 ± 19.32. Nurses’ humanistic practice ability showed a positive correlation with social support (r = 0.455), self-efficacy (r = 0.369), and empathy (r = 0.375) (all

p

< 0.001). Empathy totally mediated the relationship between social support and humanistic practice ability. In addition, self-efficacy and empathy served as sequential mediators in the association. Conclusion. Social support can influence the humanistic practice ability through self-efficacy. In addition, the higher the level of social support, the higher the level of self-efficacy, which further promotes the improvement of their empathy and eventually leads to stronger humanistic practice ability. Therefore, the corresponding measures to promote the humanistic practice ability of nurses can be formulated from the abovementioned three aspects. Implications for Nursing Management. We recommend that hospital administrators provide nurses with more comprehensive social support and develop intervention strategies to enhance nurses’ self-efficacy and empathy, which help to improve the nurse’s humanistic practice ability.
Immunotherapy of MSI Cancer: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Wilbur H. Catherine , Le Dung T. , Agarwal Parul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a tumor molecular phenotype that evolves from loss of function in the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins through deleterious germline mutations, epigenetic inactivation, or somatic biallelic mutations. This phenotype is characterized by genomic hyper-mutability, increased neoantigen expression, and a favorable, immune-rich tumor microenvironment. These features confer a greater likelihood of response to treatment with the class of agents known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and, potentially, other immune-based therapeutics. MSI as a predictive biomarker for response to treatment with ICIs ultimately led to the first tissue-agnostic approval of pembrolizumab for advanced, previously treated MSI or deficient MMR (dMMR) tumors. Nevertheless, response to ICIs in dMMR/MSI tumors is not universal. Identifying predictors of response and elucidating mechanisms of immune escape will be crucial to continued successful treatment of this subset. In this review, we aim to describe the pathogenesis and key immunologic features of dMMR/MSI tumors, provide a brief overview of the currently approved treatments, and discuss promising novel immune-based therapeutics currently under investigation.
Single-Cell RNA-Seq Analysis of Patient Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and the Response to Inhibition of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase
Authors: Savardekar Himanshu , Allen Carter , Jeon Hyeongseon , Li Jianying , Quiroga Dionisia , Schwarz Emily , Wu Richard C. , Zelinskas Sara , Lapurga Gabriella , Abreo Alexander , Stiff Andrew , Shaffer Jami , Blaser Bradley W. , Old Matthew , Wesolowski Robert , Xin Gang , Kendra Kari L. , Chung Dongjun , Carson William E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) levels are elevated in patients with cancer and contribute to reduced efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy. MDSC express Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and BTK inhibition with ibrutinib, an FDA-approved irreversible inhibitor of BTK, leads to reduced MDSC expansion/function in mice and significantly improves the antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 antibody treatments. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to characterize the effect of ibrutinib on gene expression of fluorescence-activated cell sorting-enriched MDSC from patients with different cancer types [breast, melanoma, head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC)]. Melanoma patient MDSC were treated in vitro for 4 hours with 5 μmol/L ibrutinib or DMSO, processed for scRNA-seq using the Chromium 10× Genomics platform, and analyzed via the Seurat v4 standard integrative workflow. Baseline gene expression of MDSC from patients with breast, melanoma, and HNSCC cancer revealed similarities among the top expressed genes. In vitro ibrutinib treatment of MDSC from patients with melanoma resulted in significant changes in gene expression. GBP1, IL-1β, and CXCL8 were among the top downregulated genes whereas RGS2 and ABHD5 were among the top upregulated genes (P &lt; 0.001). Double positive CD14+CD15+ MDSC and PMN-MDSC responded similarly to BTK inhibition and exhibited more pronounced gene changes compared with early MDSC and M-MDSC. Pathway analysis revealed significantly downregulated pathways including TREM1, nitric oxide signaling, and IL-6 signaling (P &lt; 0.004).

Implications:
scRNA-seq revealed characteristic gene expression patterns for MDSC from different patients with cancer and BTK inhibition led to the downregulation of multiple genes and pathways important to MDSC function and migration.
Plasma Protein Profiling of Incident Cardiovascular Diseases: A Multisample Evaluation
Authors: Lind Lars , Titova Olga , Zeng Rui , Zanetti Daniela , Ingelsson Martin , Gustafsson Stefan , Sundström Johan , Ärnlöv Johan , Elmståhl Sölve , Assimes Themistocles , Michaëlsson Karl 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Proteomic profiling could potentially disclose new pathophysiological pathways for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and improve prediction at the individual level. We therefore aimed to study the plasma protein profile associated with the incidence of different CVDs.

Methods:
Plasma levels of 245 proteins suspected to be linked to CVD or metabolism were measured in 4 Swedish prospective population-based cohorts (SIMPLER [Swedish Infrastructure for Medical Population-Based Life-Course and Environmental Research], ULSAM (Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men), EpiHealth, and POEM [Prospective Investigation of Obesity, Energy Production, and Metabolism]) comprising 11 869 individuals, free of CVD diagnoses at baseline. Our primary CVD outcome was defined by a combined end point that included either incident myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure.

Results:

Using a discovery/validation approach, 42 proteins were associated with our primary composite end point occurring in 1163 subjects. In separate meta-analyses for each of the 3 CVD outcomes, 49 proteins were related to myocardial infarction, 34 to ischemic stroke, and 109 to heart failure. Thirteen proteins were related to all 3 outcomes. Of those, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, adrenomedullin, and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) were also related to several markers of subclinical CVD in Prospective Investigation of Obesity, Energy production and Metabolism, reflecting myocardial or arterial pathologies. In prediction analysis, a lasso selection of 11 proteins in ULSAM improved the discrimination of CVD by 3.3% (
P
<0.0001) in SIMPLER when added to traditional risk factors.

Conclusions:
Protein profiling in multiple samples disclosed several new proteins to be associated with subsequent myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure, suggesting common pathophysiological pathways for these diseases. KIM-1, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, and adrenomedullin were novel early markers of CVD. A selection of 11 proteins improved the discrimination of CVD.
Childhood Non-HDL Cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol and Adult Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Wu Feitong , Juonala Markus , Jacobs David R. , Daniels Stephen R. , Kähönen Mika , Woo Jessica G. , Sinaiko Alan R. , Viikari Jorma S.A. , Bazzano Lydia A. , Burns Trudy L. , Steinberger Julia , Urbina Elaine M. , Venn Alison J. , Raitakari Olli T. , Dwyer Terence , Magnussen Costan G. 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) remains the primary cholesterol target in clinical practice in children and adults, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) has been suggested as a more accurate measure of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. We examined the associations of childhood non–HDL-C and LDL-C levels with adult ASCVD events and determined whether non–HDL-C has better utility than LDL-C in predicting adult ASCVD events.

METHODS:

This prospective cohort study included 21 126 participants from the i3C Consortium (International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohorts). Proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate the risk for incident fatal and fatal/nonfatal ASCVD events associated with childhood non–HDL-C and LDL-C levels (age- and sex-specific
z
scores; concordant/discordant categories defined by guideline-recommended cutoffs), adjusted for sex, Black race, cohort, age at and calendar year of child measurement, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure. Predictive utility was determined by the C index.

RESULTS:

After an average follow-up of 35 years, 153 fatal ASCVD events occurred in 21 126 participants (mean age at childhood visits, 11.9 years), and 352 fatal/nonfatal ASCVD events occurred in a subset of 11 296 participants who could be evaluated for this outcome. Childhood non–HDL-C and LDL-C levels were each associated with higher risk of fatal and fatal/nonfatal ASCVD events (hazard ratio ranged from 1.27 [95% CI, 1.14–1.41] to 1.35 [95% CI, 1.13–1.60] per unit increase in the risk factor
z
score). Non–HDL-C had better discriminative utility than LDL-C (difference in C index, 0.0054 [95% CI, 0.0006–0.0102] and 0.0038 [95% CI, 0.0008–0.0068] for fatal and fatal/nonfatal events, respectively). The discordant group with elevated non–HDL-C and normal LDL-C had a higher risk of ASCVD events compared with the concordant group with normal non–HDL-C and LDL-C (fatal events: hazard ratio, 1.90 [95% CI, 0.98–3.70]; fatal/nonfatal events: hazard ratio, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.23–3.06]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Childhood non–HDL-C and LDL-C levels are associated with ASCVD events in midlife. Non–HDL-C is better than LDL-C in predicting adult ASCVD events, particularly among individuals who had normal LDL-C but elevated non–HDL-C. These findings suggest that both non–HDL-C and LDL-C are useful in identifying children at higher risk of ASCVD events, but non–HDL-C may provide added prognostic information when it is discordantly higher than the corresponding LDL-C and has the practical advantage of being determined without a fasting sample.
Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Network Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lin Donna Shu‐Han , Lo Hao‐Yun , Huang Kuan‐Chih , Lin Ting‐Tse , Lee Jen‐Kuang 
Published: November 2023

Background
Although older patients with atrial fibrillation are at heightened risk of thromboembolic and bleeding events, their optimal treatment choice remains uncertain.

Methods and Results
This meta‐analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials that compared thromboembolic or bleeding outcomes between a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) and a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and reported outcomes for patients aged ≥75 years with atrial fibrillation. The efficacy outcome was the composite of stroke and systemic embolism. Safety outcomes included major bleeding, any clinically relevant bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage. Each DOAC and VKA was compared pairwise in a network meta‐analysis. High‐ and low‐dose regimens and factor IIa and Xa inhibitors were also compared. Seven randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. Stroke and systemic embolism risks did not differ significantly among DOACs. There were no significant differences in major bleeding between each DOAC and VKA. Intracranial hemorrhage risk was significantly lower with dabigatran, apixaban, and edoxaban than with VKA and rivaroxaban, which had similar risks. High‐dose regimens led to lower risks of stroke or systemic embolism compared with VKA and low‐dose regimens, with both doses having similar bleeding risks.

Conclusions
In patients aged ≥75 years with atrial fibrillation, DOACs were associated with fewer thromboembolic events compared with VKA, whereas dabigatran, apixaban, and edoxaban were associated with lower risks of intracranial hemorrhage compared with VKA and rivaroxaban.

Registration

URL:
www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/
. Unique identifier: CRD42022329557.