bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical properties and dielectric relaxation of polypyrrole and poly (3-hexylthiophene)
Authors: Mohamed F , Rehim M Abdel , Hameed Talaat A , Turky G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present work, polypyrrole (PPy) and poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) are prepared via oxidation polymerization, and their optical and dielectric properties in comparison with their originating monomers are investigated. The chemical structure of both polymers is confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Investigation of the optical properties of the prepared polymers showed that the band gap of PPY is 1.25 eV, whereas that of P3HT is 1.79 eV. In addition, P3HT showed a refractive index of high values in the visible region compared to PPy. Dielectric relaxation of both monomers and polymers was studied in the frequency range of 10–1 ≤ ν /Hz <107 for comparison. Furthermore, temperature dependencies of their electrical properties are investigated. The DC conductivity values of PPy and P3HT are found to be 2× 10–7 S cm−1 and 2× 10–4 S cm−1, at T = 313 K, respectively, which is the ranges of semiconductors and conductors reflecting the remarkable enhancement of conductivity according to the polymerization process. The temperature dependence of the DC conductivity for the monomers and polymers follows the Vogel−Fulcher−Tammann (VFT) equation. The parameters of the frequency-dependent provide basic information for adjustment of the structural properties of the conjugated polymers and finding the theoretical limits controlling the charge transport.
Investigation of manganese doped BaSe for energy harvesting and spintronics devices
Authors: Saleem Sanam , Yaseen Muhammad , Aldaghfag Shatha A , Hafsa  , Nasarullah  , Ishfaq Mudassir , Dahshan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The incorporation of magnetism to a solid material may drastically alter its electrical transport behavior, providing a way to modify the magneto-optoelectronic and thermoelectric features that have recently drawn a lot of scientific attention. In this regard, we utilized density function theory (DFT) based full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) approach to study doping effect of Mn on physical characteristics of barium selenide (BaSe). Pristine BaSe is nonmagnetic semiconductor with indirect bandgap of 2.11 eV. Concentration dependent Mn doping in BaSe introduces spin polarized intermediate bands in the vicinity of Fermi level primarily composed of Mn-3d orbitals. Asymmetric band profiles indicate the ferromagnetic semiconductor nature of of Mn doped BaSe compounds. Total magnetic moment value of 5.0 μ
B, 10.0 μ
B, and 20.0 μ
B are obtained for corresponding Ba1−xMnxSe (x = 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%) systems. Furthermore, the analysis of optical and thermoelectric characteristics reveals the importance of studied alloy for application in advanced technologies including low energy light absorbers and thermoelectric generators.
A compact high power diode side-pumped 2.09 μm Tm,Ho:YAG laser
Authors: Wu Jian-Hong , Du Shi-Feng , Wang Hai-Long , Gao Yun , Bo Yong , Cui Da-Fu , Peng Qin-Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate a high power compact continuous-wave diode side-pumped Tm,Ho:YAG all solid-state laser at room temperature. A high dopant concentration ratio of Tm,Ho:YAG (3 at.% Tm3+, 0.1 at.% Ho3+) crystal rod with laser diode (LD) side-pumped architecture is employed as a laser head. With a single laser head in a plane-parallel short cavity, a maximum 57 W output power is obtained at a temperature of 19 °C, corresponding to an optical-to-optical efficiency of 10.6% and a slope efficiency of 16.6%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest output power of LD-pumped Tm,Ho co-doped laser operating at room temperature. This laser system also exhibits excellent power stability in 90 min, making it widely applicable in various fields.
A Comparative Study of the Power-law Relationship between the Pulse width and Energy of Precursor and Main Burst
Authors: Deng Hui-Ying , Peng Zhao-Yang , Chen Jia-Ming , Zhu Dan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In gamma-ray burst prompt emission, there is still no consistent conclusion if the precursor and main burst share the same origin. In this paper, we try to study this issue based on the relationship between pulse width and energy of the precursor and main burst. We systematically search the light curve data observed by Swift/BAT and Fermi/GBM, and find 13 long bursts with well-structured precursors and main bursts. After fitting the precursor light curve of each different energy channel with the Norris function, we find that there is not only a power-law relationship between precursor width and energy, but also a power-law relationship between the ratio of the rising width to the decaying width and energy. By comparing the relationship between the precursors and the main burst pulses, we find that the distribution of the precursors and the relationship between the power-law indices are roughly the same as those of the main burst. In addition, it is found that the precursor width distribution as well as the upper limit of the pulse width ratio does not exceed 1 and both are asymmetric, which are also consistent with the main burst. These indicate that the precursor and the main burst are indistinguishable, and the precursor and the main burst may have the same physical origin.
PyMsOfa: A Python Package for the Standards of Fundamental Astronomy (SOFA) Service
Authors: Ji Jianghui , Tan Dongjie , Bao Chunhui , Huang Xiumin , Hu Shoucun , Dong Yao , Wang Su 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Standards of Fundamental Astronomy (SOFA) is a service provided by the International Astronomical Union that offers algorithms and software for astronomical calculations, which was released in two versions for FORTRAN 77 and ANSI C, respectively. In this work, we implement the Python package PyMsOfa for SOFA service by three ways: (1) a Python wrapper package based on a foreign function library for Python (ctypes), (2) a Python wrapper package with the foreign function interface for Python calling C code (cffi) and (3) a Python package directly written in pure Python codes from SOFA subroutines. The package PyMsOfa has fully implemented 247 functions of the original SOFA routines released on 2023 October 11. In addition, PyMsOfa is also extensively examined, which is exactly consistent with those test examples given by the original SOFA. This Python package can be suitable to not only the astrometric detection of habitable planets from the Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey mission, but also for the frontier themes of black holes and dark matter related to astrometric calculations and other fields. The source codes are available via http://pypi.org/project/PyMsOfa/ and https://github.com/CHES2023/PyMsOfa.
Exploration of high-speed 3.0 THz imaging with a 65 nm CMOS process
Authors: Liu Min , Cai Ziteng , Liu Jian , Wu Nanjian , Liu Liyuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a promising route for the exploration and development of 3.0 THz sensing and imaging with FET-based power detectors in a standard 65 nm CMOS process. Based on the plasma-wave theory proposed by Dyakonov and Shur, we designed high-responsivity and low-noise multiple detectors for monitoring a pulse-mode 3.0 THz quantum cascade laser (QCL). Furthermore, we present a fully integrated high-speed 32 × 32-pixel 3.0 THz CMOS image sensor (CIS). The full CIS measures 2.81 × 5.39 mm2 and achieves a 423 V/W responsivity (Rv) and a 5.3 nW integral noise equivalent power (NEP) at room temperature. In experiments, we demonstrate a testing speed reaching 319 fps under continuous-wave (CW) illumination of a 3.0 THz QCL. The results indicate that our terahertz CIS has excellent potential in cost-effective and commercial THz imaging and material detection.
Superconducting shield for the injection channel of the muEDM experiment at PSI
Authors: Doinaki Anastasia , Calzolaio Ciro , Chakraborty Ritwika , Duda Michal , Dutsov Chavdar , Giovannozzi Massimo , Hume Timothy , Michielsen Katia , Morvaj Ljiljana , Papa Angela , Schmidt-Wellenburg Philipp , Stäger David , Vitali Bastiano ,   the muEDM collaboration
Published: October 2023

Abstract
At the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), we are setting up an experiment to search for the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon using the frozen-spin technique. The discovery of a muon EDM would indicate violation of charge conjugation parity symmetry (CP-violation) and lepton flavor universality, beyond the Standard Model. The experiment aims to achieve a sensitivity of σ(dμ
) ≤ 6 × 10-23 e · cm.
This study is taking place during the first phase of the experiment and it focuses on the off-axis injection of muons into a 3 T storage solenoid. Muons need to be transported from the exit of the PSI beamline, a low magnetic-field region, into the strong magnetic-field of the solenoid. For this purpose, two magnetically shielded channels are being developed. In the direct vicinity of the injection helix inside the solenoid bore, we will use superconducting (SC) shielding to avoid any hysteresis effect, while farther away in the fringe field we will use iron tubes. Three prototypes of SC injection tubes will be produced: the first will use a commercial high temperature superconducting (HTS) tape wrapped around a hollow copper tube, the second will utilize several Nb-Ti/Nb/Cu sheets obtained from CERN, wrapped and mechanically clamped around another hollow copper tube, while the third will consist of a commercial cast Bi-2223 superconducting tube coiled with HTS tape. To evaluate the effectiveness of the different SC-shields, we will measure their shielding factors and determine the muon injection efficiency from the beamline into the solenoid.
Observation of beamlet displacement and parallelism in NIO1
Authors: Ugoletti M. , Cavenago M. , Agnello R. , Barbisan M. , Delogu R. , Pimazzoni A. , Poggi C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the compact radiofrequency negative ion source NIO1 (Negative Ion Optimization phase
1), beamlet images are recorded from visible light monochrome cameras, for which several mounting
positions are available. For two cameras, named CAM1 and CAM2, looking in directions
perpendicular to each other and to the z axis of the beam drift tube, an extensive database of
images is available, with methods and results of analysis discussed here. All NIO1 beamlets,
arranged in a 3 × 3 matrix, are extracted, so CAM1 can record 3 beamlet projection groups
and CAM2 also. Both cameras can be used to estimate the beam optics, depending on extracted
beamlet currents, their uniformity and applied voltages; moreover CAM1 shows the filter current
effects, while CAM2 images may give information on the deflection field (due to magnets inserted
in the extraction grid EG and the post-acceleration grid PA). Light reflection is reduced by
careful set-up, and by considering image central portion for analysis. Image luminosity can be
simply fitted by Gaussian shapes, when the 3 projection groups are fairly separated. This analysis
allows to estimate beamlet displacement and deflection. In general, optional algorithms for noise
rejection and pre-smoothing for improving automatic recognizing of beamlet peaks is discussed, as
well as the classes of available fits. Results for beamlet size, deflection and rms divergence are
reported for selected datasets (within the 10 or 20 mrad goal). In some datasets, beamlet
convergence was observed, indicating the need for further analysis and beam optics adjustments.
L2LFlows: generating high-fidelity 3D calorimeter images
Authors: Diefenbacher Sascha , Eren Engin , Gaede Frank , Kasieczka Gregor , Krause Claudius , Shekhzadeh Imahn , Shih David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe explore the use of normalizing flows to emulate Monte Carlo detector simulations of photon showers in a high-granularity electromagnetic calorimeter prototype for the International Large Detector (ILD). Our proposed method — which we refer to as “Layer-to-Layer Flows” (L2LFlows) — is an evolution of the CaloFlow architecture adapted to a higher-dimensional setting (30 layers of 10× 10 voxels each). The main innovation ofL2LFlowsconsists of introducing 30 separate normalizing flows, one for each layer of the calorimeter, where each flow is conditioned on the previous five layers in order to learn the layer-to-layer correlations. We compare our results to the BIB-AE, a state-of-the-art generative network trained on the same dataset and find our model has a significantly improved fidelity.
Cold season Arctic strong cyclones enhance Atlantification of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Liu Yujun , He Yijun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, as the Arctic Ocean’s warming trend has accelerated, there has been increasing attention on the process of Atlantification in the Arctic Ocean. This study focused on the Arctic Atlantic inflow zone (AAZ) as its research area. Multi-source reanalysis data and in-situ Argo float data were utilized to detect Arctic strong cyclones (ASCs) in the AAZ and analyze the resulting changes in the upper ocean. The findings reveal that during the cold season (October to March), influenced by ASCs’ intensity, frequency, tracks, and the concurrent weakening of ocean stratification, these cyclones can disrupt the cold halocline layer through mechanisms such as mixing and Ekman pumping. This process facilitates the transport of heat from the deep, warm and saline Atlantic Water within the ocean to the subsurface layers. Concurrently, ASCs during the cold season can enhance the process of Atlantification in the Arctic Ocean by intensifying the intrusion of the Barents Sea Branch. Additionally, the attenuation of oceanic stratification during ASCs is primarily driven by changes in salinity, particularly above the 100 m.
Semiclassical theory and the Koopman-van Hove equation
*
Authors: Joseph Ilon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The phase space Koopman-van Hove (KvH) equation can be derived from the asymptotic semiclassical analysis of partial differential equations. Semiclassical theory yields the Hamilton–Jacobi equation for the complex phase factor and the transport equation for the amplitude. These two equations can be combined to form a nonlinear semiclassical version of the KvH equation in configuration space. There is a natural injection of configuration space solutions into phase space and a natural projection of phase space solutions onto configuration space. Hence, every solution of the configuration space KvH equation satisfies both the semiclassical phase space KvH equation and the Hamilton–Jacobi constraint. For configuration space solutions, this constraint resolves the paradox that there are two different conserved densities in phase space. For integrable systems, the KvH spectrum is the Cartesian product of a classical and a semiclassical spectrum. If the classical spectrum is eliminated, then, with the correct choice of Jeffreys–Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (JWKB) matching conditions, the semiclassical spectrum satisfies the Einstein–Brillouin–Keller quantization conditions which include the correction due to the Maslov index. However, semiclassical analysis uses different choices for boundary conditions, continuity requirements, and the domain of definition. For example, use of the complex JWKB method allows for the treatment of tunneling through the complexification of phase space. Finally, although KvH wavefunctions include the possibility of interference effects, interference is not observable when all observables are approximated as local operators on phase space. Observing interference effects requires consideration of nonlocal operations, e.g. through higher orders in the asymptotic theory.
Preparation of LiNbO3 nanoparticles by green synthesis laser ablation in water
Authors: Alwazny Marwa S , Ismail Raid A , Salim Evan T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The use of LiNbO3 nanoparticles in nonlinear applications is attractive and promising. The particle size and morphology of LiNbO3 are the key parameters affecting their application. In this study, spherical nanoparticles of lithium niobate were synthesised by nanosecond Nd:YAG laser ablation in water. The polycrystalline, rhombohedral structure of the synthesised LiNbO3 nanoparticles with x-ray diffraction experiments was verified. The bandgap energy of colloidal LiNbO3 nanoparticles varied between 4.25 and 4.9 eV based on the laser fluence, according to the optical characteristics. The photoluminescence (PL) reveals that the emission peaks are centered at 293, 300, 305, and 309 nm for samples prepared at 1.3, 1.6, 2.0, and 2.2 J cm−2/pulse, respectively. The transmission electron microscope investigation confirmed the formation of spherical nanoparticles with an average size ranging from 18 to 34 nm. Raman studies on nanoparticles synthesised at various laser fluences are being conducted.
Drivers of chaparral photosynthetic rate reduction under modern drought conditions
Authors: Lunneberg Kyle , Bernabe Kristine , Zona Donatella , Oechel Walter C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Terrestrial vegetation communities are experiencing rapid and novel changes to photosynthetic rates under the changing climate. Chaparral, a semi-arid shrubland ecosystem of the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, is projected to experience substantial increases in aridity and stochastic precipitation. This study identifies the primary meteorological drivers of photosynthesis for three widespread chaparral shrub species—Adenostoma sparsifolium, Adenostoma fasciculatum, and Ceanothus perplexans—from 2019 to 2021. Monthly leaf-level carbon exchange rates, water potentials (WPs), and meteorological conditions were collected for each species. Average monthly primary productivity (n = 25) demonstrated vapor pressure deficit (VPD) as a significant limit to photosynthetic rates for A. sparsifolium and A. fasciculatum. VPD was also the most influential predictor of WP for all three species. These results suggest increasing atmospheric dryness as a key predictor for reduction in chaparral primary productivity, particularly for deeply-rooted, resprouting species. There are additional indications that VPD could exacerbate drought-related mortality for C. perplexans and A. sparsifolium by pushing WP to novel extremes. This study concludes that atmospheric dryness, across 3 years of differing soil water stress levels, was consistently a substantial physiological limitation for three common, chaparral species. Although this experiment occurred over a limited window and cannot assess climatic response trends, acute increases in air temperature and VPD within the region would exacerbate photosynthetic limitation for these species and may contribute to declining primary productivity in broader chaparral ecosystems.
Acute leukemia with cytogenetically cryptic FGFR1 rearrangement and lineage switch during therapy: A case report and literature review
Authors: McKeague Sean J , O’Rourke Kacey , Fanning Stephen , Joy Christopher , Throp Duncan , Adams Rebecca , Harvey Yasmin , Keng Tee Beng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 rearrangement are a rare group of neoplasms that share features of eosinophilia and lineage promiscuity. First, we described a challenging case of acute leukemia with lineage switch and cytogenetically cryptic FGFR1. Second, we aimed to systemically review this phenomenon in published literature.

Methods
A 68-year-old man with a history of chemotherapy exposure presented with acute leukemia of myeloid lineage without eosinophilia or 8p11 abnormalities on karyotyping. Over a refractory and relapsing course, the blast phenotype shifted to B lymphoid.

Results
Fluorescence in situ hybridization identified a cytogenetically cryptic FGFR1 rearrangement, likely a paracentric inversion. We identified 26 published cases of FGFR1-rearranged acute leukemia with ambiguous, mixed, or switching lineage. Although there was variability in the partner gene, anatomical location of different phenotypes, and timing of lineage switch, the prognosis was consistently poor in the absence of novel therapy.

Conclusions
Ours is the only reported case of FGFR1-rearranged neoplasms with a disease sequence of acute myeloid leukemia transforming to B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 1 of only 3 reported cases with cytogenetically cryptic FGFR1 rearrangement. Fluorescence in situ hybridization testing for FGFR1 rearrangement should be a standard investigation in leukemia of mixed or switching lineage.
Discrimination, gender dysphoria, drinking to cope, and alcohol harms in the UK trans and non-binary community
Authors: Davies Emma L , Ezquerra-Romano Ivan , Thayne Beth , Holloway Zhi , Bayliss Jacob , O’Callaghan Stewart , Connolly Dean J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Transgender (trans) and non-binary people may be at increased risk of alcohol harms, but little is known about motives for drinking in this community. This study explored the relationship between risk of alcohol dependence, experience of alcohol harms, drinking motives, dysphoria, and discrimination within a United Kingdom sample of trans and non-binary people with a lifetime history of alcohol use. A cross-sectional survey was co-produced with community stakeholders and administered to a purposive sample of trans and non-binary people from 1 February until 31 March 2022. A total of 462 respondents were included—159 identified as non-binary and/or genderqueer (identities outside the man/woman binary), 135 solely as women, 63 solely as men, 15 as another gender identity, 90 selected multiple identities. Higher levels of reported discrimination were associated with higher risk of dependence and more reported harms from drinking. Coping motives, enhancement motives, and drinking to manage dysphoria were associated with higher Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scores. Social, coping, and enhancement motives alongside discrimination and drinking to have sex were associated with harms. The relationship between discrimination and risk of dependence was mediated by coping motives and drinking to manage dysphoria. Further to these associations, we suggest that reducing discrimination against trans and non-binary communities might reduce alcohol harms in this population. Interventions should target enhancement motives, coping motives and gender dysphoria. Social and enhancement functions of alcohol could be replaced by alcohol free supportive social spaces.