bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Microenvironment–Activated Nanostructure to Enhance MRI Capability and Nanozyme Activity for Highly Tumor‐Specific Multimodal Theranostics
Authors: Xie Wenteng , Gan Yuehao , Wang Lulu , Si Yuanchun , Li Qingdong , Song Tianwei , Wei Pengfei , Wu Zhengyan , Zhang Guilong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCopper‐based nanozymes exhibit excellent antitumor activity but are easily inactivated due to the disturbance of proteins or other macromolecules with sulfhydryl. A tumor microenvironment‐responsive CuMnO@Fe3O4 (CMF) core–shell nanozyme for highly efficient tumor theranostics is developed. A platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐β‐recognizing cyclic peptide (PDGFB) target is conjugated to the surface of CMF to fabricate a tumor‐specific nanozyme (PCMF). The core–shell nanostructure significantly avoids the oxidation and inactivation of copper‐based nanozyme, promoting the antitumor activity of PCMF. The weak acid‐ and GSH‐activated T1 and T2 relaxation rate of PCMF contributes to T1 and T2 dual contrast imaging at the tumor site. In addition, the PCMF disintegrates and produces some metal ions that possess Fenton catalytic activity (i.e., Cu+, Mn2+, and Fe2+) under TME. This process significantly depletes GSH, accelerates Fenton and Fenton‐like reactions, enhances cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and induces cancer cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. PCMF also exhibits photothermal functions, so it can be used in combined photothermal therapy, ferroptosis therapy, and chemodynamic therapy, improving anticancer activity. This work provides insights into the design of an exquisite nanostructure for high‐sensitive and tumor‐specific theranostics.
A D‐Y Shaped Neuropeptide Y Mimetic Peptide‐Dye Self‐Assembly with Maximal Emission Beyond 1300 nm and Glioma Mitochondrial Activity Modulation
Authors: Li Yanying , He Xuelu , Wang Pin , Yuan Bo , Pan Yuanbo , Hu Xueyin , Lu Liheng , Wu Aiguo , Li Juan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeuropeptide Y (NPY), as one of the most abundant neuropeptides known, is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system. However, most of the reported NPY‐mimetic peptides are hard to cross the blood–brain barrier, target glioma mitochondria, and achieve self‐assembly nanostructure in situ. Here, based on the α‐helix structure of the novel chiral NPY‐mimetic peptides D/LNPY(14), a Y‐shaped peptide is designed with the sequences that can be recognized by enterokinase and achieved nanofibers conversion in glioma cell mitochondria. Coupling the Y‐shaped NPY‐mimetic peptide with the NIR‐II fluorophore IR1048, a red‐shifting of the fluorescence spectrum beyond 1300 nm is achieved through self‐assembly. After the self‐assembly in glioma mitochondria, the formed nanofibers can promote intracellular mitochondrial ROS production and extend the NIR‐II fluorescence imaging time to at least 7 days in vivo. This work for the first time endows the self‐assembly of α‐helical‐based chiral NPY‐mimetic peptides, providing a novel strategy for glioma subcellular regulation enhanced antitumor treatment guided by NIR‐II fluorescence imaging.
Eu‐Based Porphyrin MOF Enables High‐Performance Carbon‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Dongqi , Zhou Huanyi , Lai Xiaoxia , Liu Xinxin , Sang Kaihang , Chen Yan , Chen Mianhong , Wei Jianwu , Wu Shan , Pang Qi , Zhou Liya , Chen Peican 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of hole transport materials (HTM) – free carbon‐based perovskite solar cells (C‐PSCs) poses a challenge. Here, a novel 2D Eu‐TCPP MOF (TCPP; [tetrakis (4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin]) sandwiched between the perovskite layer and the carbon electrode is used to realize an effective and stable HTM‐free C‐PSCs. Relying on the synergistic effect of both the metal‐free TCPP ligand with a unique absorption spectrum and hydrophobicity and the EuO4(OH)2 chain in the Eu‐TCPP MOF, defects are remarkably suppressed and light‐harvesting capability is significantly boosted. Energy band alignment is achieved after Eu‐TCPP MOF treatment, promoting hole collection. Förster resonance energy transfer results in improved light utilization and protects the perovskite from decomposition. As a result, the HTM‐free C‐PSCs with Eu‐TCPP MOF reach a champion PCE of 18.13%. In addition, the unencapsulated device demonstrates outstanding thermal stability and UV resistance and keeps 80.6% of its initial PCE after 5500 h in a high‐humidity environment (65%–85% RH).
High‐Throughput Designed and Laser‐Etched NiFeCrVTi High‐Entropy Alloys with High Catalytic Activities and Corrosion Resistance for Hydrogen Evolution in Seawater
Authors: Liu Zhaohui , Li Huanxin , Yang Chao , Jiang Min , Zhang Jiao , Fu Chaopeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution from seawater through wind or solar energy is a cost‐effective way to produce green hydrogen fuel. However, the lack of highly active and anti‐corrosive electrocatalysts in seawater severely hinders the industrial application. Herein, a novel Ni1.1FeCr0.4V0.3Ti0.3 high‐entropy alloy (HEA) is designed through high throughput computing and prepared via powder metallurgy with the surface treated by laser etching under different laser power. The laser‐etched NiFeCrVTi high‐entropy alloys exhibit a unique periodically ordered structure with multiple active centers and high porosity. The Ni‐HEA‐30 displays remarkable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance with an overpotential of 55.9 mV and a Tafel slope of 47.3 mV dec−1 in seawater. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are applied to identify the real active sites for HER on the HEA surface as the key factor for both proton and intermediate transformation, which also reveals that the Cr atom promotes the adsorption energy of water molecules, and the modulation of the electronic structure plays a crucial role in optimizing the hydrogen binding capabilities of the Ni atoms within the alloy. Additionally, the electrocatalyst displays high corrosion resistance in seawater, contributing to the good durability for hydrogen production. This work uncovers a new paradigm to develop novel electrocatalysts with superior reaction activity in seawater.
Polystyrene‐Based Matrix to Enhance the Fluorescence of Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogen for Fluorescence‐Guided Surgery
Authors: Shi Qiankun , Xu Jieying , Xu Huihui , Wang Qiang , Huang Shaohui , Wang Xiaorui , Wang Peng , Hu Fang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAchieving ultrabright fluorogens is a key issue for fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS). Fluorogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIEgens) are potential agents for FGS on the benefit of the bright fluorescence in physiological conditions. Herein, the fluorescence brightness of AIEgen is further improved by preparing the nanoparticle using a polystyrene‐based matrix and utilizing it for tumor FGS with a high signal‐to‐background ratio. After encapsulating AIEgen into polystyrene‐poly (ethylene glycol) (PS‐PEG), the fluorescence intensity of the prepared AIE@PS‐PEG nanoparticles is multiple times that of nanoparticles in 1, 2‐distearoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine‐poly (ethylene glycol) (DSPE‐PEG), a commonly used polymer matrix for nanoparticle preparation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that higher free energy is required for the outer rings of AIEgen to rotate in polystyrene than in the DSPE, indicating that the benzene rings in polystyrene can restrict the intramolecular motions of AIEgen better than the alkyl chain in DSPE‐PEG. Fluorescence correlation microscopy detections suggest that the triplet excited state of AIEgens is less in PS‐PEG than in DSPE‐PEG. The restricted intramolecular motions and suppressed triplet excited state result in ultrabright AIE@PS‐PEG nanoparticles, which are more conducive to illuminating tumor tissues in the intestine for FGS. The illumination of metastatic tumors in lungs by AIE@PS‐PEG nanoparticles is also tried.
Fostering expansive and connective sensemaking with preservice secondary science teachers
Authors: Watkins Jessica , De Lucca Natalie A. , Pao Serena R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPreservice secondary science teachers often experience science learning in narrow and marginalizing ways in their science preparation. These experiences cause harm, particularly for preservice teachers of color. They also limit the disciplinary resources they can develop for later teaching science in ways that value and sustain their students' ways of knowing and being in the world. Our research explores possibilities for cultivating new spaces for preservice secondary science teachers to engage in science. In a content‐focused education course, we designed for and studied preservice teachers' engagement in expansive and connective sensemaking, incorporating heterogeneity, power, and historicity in pursuits of explanatory accounts of the natural world. In this article, we examined how this course design can support preservice teachers to attune to heterogeneity in ways of knowing in science and to connect to identity and historicity in scientific sensemaking. Our analysis suggests that students' final projects reflected attunements to diverse knowing, communicating, and relating in science and deep connections with their identities and future‐making, yet had fewer connections to sociohistorical narratives and structures. We developed illustrative case studies of four student projects, highlighting the personal, social, and political possibilities of creating space for future educators to imagine more expansive and connective forms of science. This study contributes a novel model for preservice science teacher education to support teacher learning to value and sustain their students' ways of knowing and being in the world.
DNMT1 regulates hypermethylation and silences hsa_circ_401351 in hydroquinone‐induced malignant TK6 cells
Authors: Han Yali , Meng Jinxue , Ling Xiaoxuan , Pan Zhijie , Zhang Haiqiao , Zhong Bohuan , Chen Shi , Pang Jing , Ma Yuliang , Chen Jialong , Liu Linhua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBenzene and its metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) are widely used in daily life, and long‐term exposure to benzene or HQ can induce acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are mostly produced by reverse splicing of gene exon mRNA precursors. The modulation of circRNA expression is connected to leukemia progression; however, the molecular mechanism is still unknown.Materials and methodsIn this study, the cells were divided into four groups: PBS control group (PBS‐TK6), TK6 malignantly transformed cells induced by 10.0 μmol/L HQ (HQ‐TK6), and HQ‐TK6 cells treated with 5 μmol/L 5‐AzaC (DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) for 24 h (HQ + 5‐AzaC). HQ‐TK6 cells were treated with 200 nmol/L TSA (histone deacetylation inhibitor) for 24 h (HQ + TSA). qRT–PCR was used to identify the differential hsa_circ_401351 expression between the four groups. We further determined the hsa_circ_401351 promoter methylation level with methylation‐specific PCR. DNMT1 and DNMT3b were knocked down by CRISPR/Cas9 to elucidate the specific molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_401351 in HQ‐TK6 cells. CCK‐8 and flow cytometry detected cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively, after hsa_circ_401351 was overexpressed in HQ‐TK6 cells.ResultsCompared with the PBS‐TK6 group, the expression of hsa_circ_401351 was found to be lower in the HQ‐TK6 group. Nevertheless, treatment with 5‐AzaC or TSA increased hsa_circ_401351 expression, with the upregulation being more pronounced in the TSA group. The expression of hsa_circ_401351 in the DNMT1 knockdown group was dramatically increased by 50% compared to that in the control group, and the DNA methylation level of the hsa_circ_401351 promoter region was decreased. When hsa_circ_401351 was overexpressed, HQ‐TK6 cell proliferation was significantly slowed after 48 h compared with the control group. Flow cytometry showed that cells were mainly arrested in G1 phase, and apoptosis was significantly enhanced. Similarly, qRT–PCR and Western blot data showed significant reductions in Caspase‐3 mRNA and protein production, and Bcl‐2 mRNA levels were also elevated.ConclusionsOverall, our research showed that elevated DNMT1 expression in HQ‐TK6 cells increased methylation levels and decreased expression of the hsa_circ_401351 promoter region, limiting its ability to suppress HQ‐TK6 cell growth and enhance apoptosis.
Protective role of olive oil extract of propolis on short and long‐term administration of tamoxifen in rats
Authors: Silici Sibel , Kaynar Leylagül , Okan Aslı , Doğanyiğit Züleyha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTamoxifen (TAM) is an antiestrogenic agent used for adjuvant treatment in estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancers in the pre/post‐menopausal period. This study, it was aimed to determine the effect of olive oil extract of propolis (OEP) on short and long‐term administration of TAM in rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into groups with eight animals in each. Groups: control, OEP, TAM, and OEP + TAM. At the end of the experiment, oxidative stress tests were performed with Enzyme‐Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) on blood and tissue samples (liver, kidney, and ovary) taken from rats. After single‐dose TAM administration, there was a significant increase in red blood cell, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration levels compared to the control group, a decrease in low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) value, a significant increase in liver enzymes and fasting glucose values was detected compared with the control and propolis groups. A normalizing effect was observed in the group given OEP and TAM combined. The increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease in enzyme activities in tissues are also noteworthy. Propolis application reduced the tissue damage caused by TAM. In addition, improved cytokine levels, which increased with TAM administration. It has been concluded that OEP can be given in supportive treatment, as it improves hematological and antioxidant parameters in TAM treatment.
Using foliar δ13C from high‐Andean plants (Silala River basin) as a measure of potential evapotranspiration through water use efficiency
Authors: Suárez Francisco , Latorre Claudio , Mendoza Magdalena , Frugone Matías , Muñoz José F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe water‐dependent nature of arid ecosystems is closely related to the coupling between energy input through photosynthesis and the loss of water through transpiration (Tr), which can be expressed as water use efficiency (WUE). The relationship, however, between environmental factors and plant physiology in controlling evapotranspiration is not well understood in high‐altitude arid environments. Here, we review the use of carbon isotope fractionation (δ13C) to indirectly track fluctuations in WUE and the use of the portable chamber method to partition landscape actual evapotranspiration (ETa) into Tr and bare soil evaporation (Ebs) in the alluvial deposits of the Silala River, a high elevation watershed located in northern Chile. Landscape ETa was also measured with Eddy covariance (EC) systems in the basin's riparian wetland and alluvial hillslope deposits. Carbon isotope results were consistent with what is known from the literature regarding these high‐elevation ecosystems. WUE, as estimated by carbon isotope discrimination values, decreased in summer (the wet season), and increased in winter at all sites. These results were consistent with the EC measurements. Changes in WUE were much greater in the valley wetlands than along the hillslopes, most likely due to a large drop in available soil moisture along the valley bottom during the dry season. Portable chamber results obtained during summer and winter field campaigns showed that at the landscape scale, hillslope ETa was mainly dominated by bare soil evaporation; and ETa partitioning into Tr and Ebs had a seasonal change.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Methods
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Acute limb ischemia in nonagenarians: Characteristics and factors related to outcomes in a single‐center consecutive series
Authors: Casajuana Urgell Eduard , Calsina Juscafresa Laura , Mascaró Oliver Maria , Abadal Jou Mar , Clarà Velasco Albert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing aging and frailty of the population make the management of acute limb ischemia (ALI) more difficult, with decision‐making far from being guided by evidence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics and results of ALI treatment in nonagenarians.Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis of a consecutive series of nonagenarian patients with ALI attended at our institution between 2008 and 2021. The primary outcomes of the study were 1‐year limb salvage and survival rates.ResultsA total of 102 patients were included (mean age 92.38, 78.4% women). In 83 cases (81.4%) ALI was attributed to embolism, and 19 (18.6%) to acute arterial thrombosis. One‐month overall survival was 70.6%. Fifteen patients (14.7%) were treated palliatively, including 8 (53.3%) irreversible ALI with associated malignancy/advanced dementia, 5 (33.3%) with associated cerebral/intestinal ischemia and 2 (13.3%) with aortic occlusion and poor medical condition. None of these patients survived after 10 days. The remaining 87 patients (85.3%) were treated with isolated anticoagulation (n = 8, 9.1%), primary major amputation (n = 1, 1.1%) or revascularization (n = 78, 89.6%), including 69 (67.6%) embolectomies, 6 (5.9%) bypass and 3 (2.9%) endovascular techniques. One‐year limb salvage and survival rates were 96% and 48%, respectively. Predictive factors of lower survival included anemia (HR = 1.81, p = 0.014) and ALI severity (HR = 1.73, p = 0.032), but not cognitive or functional status. Patients surviving the ALI episode had a 1‐year survival rate significantly below that of a similar matched population.ConclusionAlthough nonagenarians with an ALI are often functionally and cognitively impaired and have a limited life expectancy, most patients need revascularization for limb salvage and this can be done successfully with a low invasive surgery.
Risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in early‐stage distal gastric cancer
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Liang Chen , Li Rui , Gao Jingwang , Gao Yunhe , Zhou Sixin , Li Peiyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectsThis study was designed to explore the risk factors of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in distal gastric cancer with early stage, and to provide reference for the choice of treatment protocols.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, 824 early distal gastric cancer (EDGC) cases who treated at our unit from 2010 to 2020 were selected as research objects. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between LNM and clinicopathological features.ResultsOf these 824 EDGC cases, 140 (17.0%) developed LNM, including 72 N1 stage and 68 N2‐3 stage LNM. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the tumor diameter ≥1.75 cm (odds ratio (OR) = 2.361, p < 0.001), tumor location (OR = 1.552, p = 0.046), histological classification (p = 0.004), tumor infiltration depth (OR = 2.154, p = 0.001), and vascular infiltration (OR = 4.354, p < 0.001) as independent predictors for LNM. Logistic regression analyses based on 756 N0‐1 LNM cases identified the smoking history (OR = 0.507, p = 0.043), tumor diameter ≥1.75 cm (OR = 2.265, p = 0.010), tumor location (OR = 1.834, p = 0.036), histological classification (p = 0.018), tumor infiltration depth (OR = 1.939, p = 0.034), and vascular infiltration (OR = 3.225, p < 0.001) as independent predictors for N1 LNM. Moreover, preoperative hypoalbuminemia (OR = 7.087, p = 0.015), significant preoperative weight loss (OR = 2.724, p = 0.023), tumor diameter ≥1.75 cm (OR = 5.484, p = 0.001), multiple tumors (OR = 9.986, p = 0.038), histological classification (p = 0.029), and vascular infiltration (OR = 33.704, p < 0.001) were proved to be associated with LNM for T1a tumors.ConclusionsThe tumor diameter, location and infiltration depth, histological classification, and vascular infiltration were expected to be used as predictors of LNM in EDGC, and preoperative hypoalbuminemia, significant weight loss, tumor diameter and number, histological classification, and vascular infiltration were associated with LNM for T1a tumors.
The robotic‐assisted laparoscopic approach to biliary tract resection and reconstruction for benign indications: A single‐center experience
Authors: Rayman Shlomi , Ross Sharona B. , Pattilachan Tara M. , Christodoulou Maria , Rosemurgy Alexander , Sucandy Iswanto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBenign biliary disease (BBD) is a prevalent condition involving patients who require extrahepatic bile duct resections and reconstructions due to nonmalignant causes.MethodsThis study followed all patients who underwent biliary resections for BBD between 2015 and 2023. We excluded those with malignant conditions and patients who had an ‘open’ operation. Based on the patient's anatomy, the procedures employed were either robotic Roux‐en‐Y hepaticojejunostomy (RYHJ) or robotic choledochoduodenostomy (CDD).ResultsFrom the 33 patients studied, 23 were female, and 10 were male. Anesthesiology (ASA) class was 3 ± 0.5; the MELD score was 9 ± 4.1; the Child‐Pugh score was 6 ± 1.7. The primary indications for undergoing the operation included iatrogenic bile duct injuries, biliary strictures, and type 1 choledochal cysts. The average surgical duration was about 272 min, and the average blood loss amounted to 79 mL. Postoperatively, three patients experienced major complications, all attributed to anastomotic leaks. The average hospital stay was 4 days, with a readmission rate of 15% within 30 days. During an average follow‐up period of 33 months, one patient had to undergo a revision at 18 months due to stricture. This necessitated further duct resection and reanastomosis. Notably, there were no reported hepatectomies, no conversion to the ‘open’ method, no intraoperative complications, and no mortalities.ConclusionsRobotic extrahepatic bile duct resection and reconstruction with Roux‐en‐Y hepaticojejunostomy or choledochoduodenostomy is safe with an acceptable postoperative morbidity, short hospital length of stay, and low postoperative stricture rate at intermediate duration follow‐up.
Multiscale modelling of fluid transport in vascular tumours subjected to electrophoresis anticancer therapies
Authors: Fülöp Zita Borbála , Ramírez-Torres Ariel , Penta Raimondo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrophoresis facilitated cancer treatment has demonstrated experimental efficacy in enhancing drug delivery within vascularised tumours. However, the lack of realistic mathematical models with direct measurements in the context of electrochemotherapy poses a challenge. We investigate the impact of an applied electric potential on the flow of Darcian-type fluid occurring in two distinct phases: the tumour and healthy regions. We employ the asymptotic homogenisation technique, assuming that the macroscale of the tumour domain is larger than the microscale characterised by vessel heterogeneities. We retain information about the microstructure by encoding information in the homogenised coefficients. We take into account both vascularisation and the microscale variations of the leading order and fine scale electric potential. The resulting effective differential problem reads as a Darcy-type system of PDEs, where the flow is driven by an effective source. The novel model can be used to predict the effect of an applied electric field on cancerous biological tissues, paving a new way of improving current electrochemotherapy protocols.