bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the association of two metabolic syndrome definitions, NCEP ATP III and IDF, with the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: An analytical cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yousefzadeh Gholamreza , Sayyadi Amin , Najafipour Hamid , Sabaghnejad Vida , Pezeshki Sara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are significant sources of mortality and morbidity with substantial economic implications and preventive measures play key roles in this regard. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common condition, and its association with ASCVD and mortality has made it clinically important. However, controversies persist regarding the best definition for MetS. Here in, we investigated the ability of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) in the prediction of ASCVD incidence.MethodsWe conducted an investigation on individuals diagnosed with MetS as part of the “Kerman Coronary Artery Diseases Risk Factor Study” (KERCADRS). This study was a cohort study conducted on a population aged 15–75 years residing in Kerman, Iran to assess the risk of ASCVD. We employed ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator for predicting ASCVD occurrence in the future and then compared the results with different definitions of MetS including IDF and NCEP ATP III.ResultsPatients with MetS consistent with NCEP ATP III had higher ASCVD risk scores than those with IDF (10.63 ± 10.989 vs. 9.50 ± 9.357). NCEP ATP III had better overall performance in terms of specificity, accuracy, sensitivity and positive and negative predictive values especially in higher ASCVD risk score categories. The agreement between IDF and NCEP ATP III was none to slight (Cohen's Kappa <0.2) except for IDF in the group of ASCVD >30%, which revealed no agreement (Cohen's Kappa = 0).ConclusionNCEP ATP III has better overall performance compared to IDF. The ability of NCEP ATP III increases as the ASCVD risk score goes higher. IDF may be useful in primary screening and patients with lower ASCVD risk scores.
The added value of perceived values: Partner's perceived values predict own behaviour in interdependent interactions
Authors: Mentser Sari , Amit Adi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPersonal values have been widely recognized as important determinants of individuals’ behaviour. But can behaviour be shaped by the values one attributes to others? Focusing on interdependent interactions, this research integrates literature on personal values and the role of expectations in social dilemmas to investigate the overlooked effect of value perceptions on people's choices. In Study 1, players in a prisoner's dilemma (a game capturing cooperation vs. competition) who were informed that their partner prioritized self‐transcendence values tended to cooperate more than players informed that the partner prioritized self‐enhancement values. In Study 2, players in the same game who assumed their partner was higher in self‐transcendence values and lower in self‐enhancement values were more likely to opt for the cooperative choice. In Study 3, players in a chicken game (a game capturing risk‐taking vs. risk‐avoidance) who assumed their partner was higher in conservation values and lower in openness‐to‐change values were more likely to opt for the riskier choice in the game. Study 4 indicated that the effect of perceived values on behaviour is mediated by assumptions regarding the partner's choice. Perceived values of the other side predicted behaviour beyond the perceiver's own values. We discuss the relationships between own and perceived values and our contributions to the values literature and conflict research.
CE methods for charge variant analysis of mAbs and complex format biotherapeutics
Authors: Meudt Maximilian , Pannek Martin , Glogowski Nina , Higel Fabian , Thanisch Katharina , Knape Matthias J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCharge heterogeneity analysis of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and complex formats, such as bispecifics, is crucial for therapeutic applications. In this study, we developed two capillary electrophoresis (CE)‐based methods, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (iCIEF), for analyzing a broad spectrum of mAbs and complex mAb formats. For CZE, we introduced a new buffer system and optimized the background electrolyte (BGE) with an alternative dynamic coating agent and a superior polymeric additive. The pH of the BGE was increased, leading to enhanced resolution of high pI and complex format mAbs. In iCIEF, we identified an ampholyte combination offering a highly linear pH gradient and covering a suitable pH range. We also investigated alternatives to denaturing stabilizers and found that non‐detergent sulfobetaine 195 exhibited excellent properties for iCIEF applications. These optimized methods provide a framework for the charge heterogeneity analysis of therapeutic mAbs and complex formats.
Development of antepartum risk prediction model for postpartum hemorrhage in Lagos, Nigeria: A prospective cohort study (Predict‐PPH study)
Authors: Okunade Kehinde S. , Ugwu Aloy O. , Adenekan Muisi A. , Olumodeji Ayokunle , Oshodi Yusuf A. , Ojo Temitope , Adejimi Adebola A. , Ademuyiwa Iyabo Y. , Adaramoye Victoria , Okoro Austin C. , Olowe Atinuke , Akinmola Olukayode O. , John‐Olabode Sarah O. , Adelabu Hameed , Henriquez Rodrigo , Decroo Tom , Lynen Lutgarde 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThere is currently a limited ability to accurately identify women at risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). We conducted the “Predict‐PPH” study to develop and evaluate an antepartum prediction model and its derived risk‐scoring system.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of healthy pregnant women who registered and gave birth in five hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria, from January to June 2023. Maternal antepartum characteristics were compared between women with and without PPH. A predictive multivariable model was estimated using binary logistic regression with a backward stepwise approach eliminating variables when P was greater than 0.10. Statistically significant associations in the final model were reported when P was less than 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of PPH in the enrolled cohort was 37.1%. Independent predictors of PPH such as maternal obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.47–4.26), maternal anemia (aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02–1.72), previous history of cesarean delivery (aOR 4.24, 95% CI 3.13–5.73), and previous PPH (aOR 2.65, 95% CI 1.07–6.56) were incorporated to develop a risk‐scoring system. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for the prediction model and risk scoring system was 0.72 (95% CI 0.69–0.75).ConclusionWe recorded a relatively high prevalence of PPH. Our model performance was satisfactory in identifying women at risk of PPH. Therefore, the derived risk‐scoring system could be a useful tool to screen and identify pregnant women at risk of PPH during their routine antenatal assessment for birth preparedness and complication readiness.
Fluoride‐treated rare earth‐free magnesium alloy ZK30: An inert and bioresorbable material for bone fracture treatment devices
Authors: Watanabe Hirotaka , Xu Wei , Uno Haruka , Uraya Yuki , Kugita Masanori , Komohara Yoshihiro , Niidome Takuro , Sasaki Makoto , Shimizu Ichiro , Fujita Nobuyuki , Kawano Yusuke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBone fractures represent a common health problem, particularly in an increasingly aging population. Bioresorbable magnesium (Mg) alloy‐based implants offer promising alternatives to traditional metallic implants for the treatment of bone fractures because they eliminate the need for implant removal after healing. The Mg‐Y‐rare‐earth (RE)‐Zr alloy WE43, designed for orthopedic implants, has received European Conformity mark approval. However, currently, WE43 is not clinically used in certain countries possibly because of concerns related to RE metals. In this study, we investigated the use of a RE‐free alloy, namely, Mg‐Zn‐Zr alloy (ZK30), as an implant for bone fractures. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment was performed to improve the corrosion resistance of ZK30. HF‐treated ZK30 (HF‐ZK30) exhibited lower corrosion rate and higher biocompatibility than those of WE43 in in vitro experiments. After implanting a rod of HF‐ZK30 into the fractured femoral bones of mice, HF‐ZK30 held the bones and healed the fracture without deformation. Treatment results of HF‐ZK30 were comparable to those of WE43, indicating the potential of HF‐ZK30 as a bioresorbable and safe implant for bone repair.
Deciphering head and neck cancer microenvironment: Single‐cell and spatial transcriptomics reveals human papillomavirus‐associated differences
Authors: Lee Hansong , Park Sohee , Yun Ju Hyun , Seo Chorong , Ahn Ji Mi , Cha Hyun‐Young , Shin Yoo Seob , Park Hae Ryoun , Lee Dongjun , Roh Jin , Heo Hye Jin , Baek Seung Eun , Kim Eun Kyoung , Lee Hae Seul , Kim Chul‐Ho , Kim Yun Hak , Jang Jeon Yeob 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a major causative factor of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the incidence of HPV‐associated HNSCC is increasing. The role of tumor microenvironment in viral infection and metastasis needs to be explored further. We studied the molecular characteristics of primary tumors (PTs) and lymph node metastatic tumors (LNMTs) by stratifying them based on their HPV status. Eight samples for single‐cell RNA profiling and six samples for spatial transcriptomics (ST), composed of matched primary tumors (PT) and lymph node metastases (LNMT), were collected from both HPV‐negative (HPV−) and HPV‐positive (HPV+) patients. Using the 10x Genomics Visium platform, integrative analyses with single‐cell RNA sequencing were performed. Intracellular and intercellular alterations were analyzed, and the findings were confirmed using experimental validation and publicly available data set. The HPV+ tissues were composed of a substantial amount of lymphoid cells regardless of the presence or absence of metastasis, whereas the HPV− tissue exhibited remarkable changes in the number of macrophages and plasma cells, particularly in the LNMT. From both single‐cell RNA and ST data set, we discovered a central gene, pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 1/2 (PKM2), which is closely associated with the stemness of cancer stem cell‐like populations in LNMT of HPV− tissue. The consistent expression was observed in HPV− HNSCC cell line and the knockdown of PKM2 weakened spheroid formation ability. Furthermore, we found an ectopic lymphoid structure morphology and clinical effects of the structure in ST slide of the HPV+ patients and verified their presence in tumor tissue using immunohistochemistry. Finally, the ephrin‐A (EPHA2) pathway was detected as important signals in angiogenesis for HPV− patients from single‐cell RNA and ST profiles, and knockdown of EPHA2 declined the cell migration. Our study described the distinct cellular composition and molecular alterations in primary and metastatic sites in HNSCC patients based on their HPV status. These results provide insights into HNSCC biology in the context of HPV infection and its potential clinical implications.
The swab site of the upper airways influences the diagnostic sensitivity for the omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Atzler Fynn , Dahms Florian , Paul Gregor , Perisic Stojan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe cycle‐threshold‐value (CT‐value) is a quantitative value of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which represents the gold standard for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2). The CT‐value can be used to indicate the viral load in swabs of the airways. The collection of a specimen is the only part of the testing process, which is performed manually and carries, therefore, a high potential for increasing measurement variability. The comparison of different PCR results is often difficult since the exact swabbing technique of each test and how do swabs relate in a direct comparison is unknown. For these reasons, the infection course in a patient can be hard infer even after multiple swabs. As the Omicron variant spread from 06/2022 to 08/2022, all common modalities of the upper airway swabs (nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, combined naso‐oropharyngeal, nasal orifice swabs as well as swabs of the buccal mucosa), which were performed on patients with a suspected infection with SARS CoV 2. RT‐PCR was used for SARS CoV 2 RNA detection and the sample comparison was based on the CT‐values obtained. Viral loads can vary significantly depending on the swab sites of the upper airways. For the maximum clinical sensitivity, a combined naso‐oropharyngeal swab should be considered. In case a single point and single sample measurement is the norm, a nasopharyngeal swab can deliver the highest viral load at the presumed beginning of the infection. Furthermore, the findings of this study can be valuable to correctly interpret results of different PCR with different sampling techniques.
The burden of dengue in children and risk factors of transmission in nine districts in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jeewandara Chandima , Karunananda Maneshka Vindesh , Fernando Suranga , Danasekara Saubhagya , Jayakody Gamini , Arulkumaran Segarajasingam , Samaraweera Nayana Yasindu , Kumarawansha Sarathchandra , Sivaganesh Subramaniyam , Amarasinghe Priyadarshanie Geethika , Jayasinghe Chintha , Wijesekara Dilini , Marasinghe Manonath Bandara , Mambulage Udari , Wijayatilake Helanka , Senevirathne Kasun , Bandara Aththidayage Don Priyantha , Gallage Chandana Pushpalal , Colambage Nilu Ranmali , Udayasiri Ampe Arachchige Thilak , Lokumarambage Tharaka , Upasena Yasanayakalage , Weerasooriya Wickramasinghe Pathiranalage Kasun Paramee ,   Seroprevalence Study Group, Ogg Graham S. , Malavige Gathsaurie N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe sought to understand the differences in age‐stratified seroprevalence rates in different regions in Sri Lanka to plan dengue vaccination programs, especially as the WHO has given guidance to vaccinate in high transmission settings. Age stratified seroprevalence rates were assessed in children, aged 10−20 years, in nine districts representing the nine provinces in Sri Lanka, from September 2022 to March 2023. A stratified multistage cluster was used to select 146 schools representing each district. Of the 5207 children recruited, the overall dengue seroprevalence rates in children was 24.8%, with the highest rates reported from Trincomalee (54.3%) and the lowest rates from Badulla (14.2%), which is a high‐altitude estate area. While the age‐stratified seroprevalence rates increased in some districts such as Trincomalee, Jaffna, Gampaha, and Ratnapura, which reported the highest seropositivity rates, there was no such increase with age in the other districts. There was a weak correlation between the dengue antibody positivity rates and age in most districts which had seroprevalence rates of >25%, while there was no increase in antibody titers with age in the other districts. The seroprevalence rates was significantly higher in urban areas (35.8%) compared to rural (23.2%) and estate areas (9.4%), although there was no association with seropositivity rates with population density (Spearman's r = −0.01, p = 0.98), in each district. The seroprevalence rates in many districts were very different to those reported from Colombo, with many districts reporting low transmission rates. These data would be important to consider when rolling out dengue vaccines in Sri Lanka.
Safety and immunogenicity of homologous prime‐boost CoronaVac vaccine in people living with HIV in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Yuxiao , Lan Xinquan , Qiao Ying , Huo Yuqi , Wang Li , Liang Shijie , Yu Maohe , Song Moxin , Yan Ying , Su Bin , Xu Junjie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPeople living with HIV (PLWH) are particularly vulnerable to SARS‐CoV‐2. This multicentre prospective cohort study evaluated the long‐term immunogenicity and safety of a third homologous dose of Sinovac CoronaVac in PLWH in China. A total of 228 PLWH and 127 HIV‐negative controls were finally included and followed up for 6 months. Fewer participants reported mild or moderate adverse reactions, and no serious adverse events were observed. The median levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and immunoglobulin G against the receptor‐binding domain of the spike protein (S‐IgG) in PLWH (655.92 IU/mL, IQR: 175.76–1663.55; 206.83 IU/mL, IQR: 85.20–397.82) were comparable to those in control group (1067.16 IU/mL, IQR: 239.85–1670.83; 261.70 IU/mL, IQR: 77.13–400.75), and reached their peak at 4 weeks, exhibiting a delayed peak pattern compared to the 2‐week peak in control group. After then, the immune titres gradually decreased over time, but most participants still maintained positive seroconversion at the 6‐month mark. Multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis indicated that CD4+T cell count, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) were independent factors strongly associated with immune response (each p < 0.05). We suggested that PLWH should maintain well‐controlled HIV status through ART and receive timely administration of the second booster dose for optimal protection.
Circulation, viral diversity and genomic rearrangement in mpox virus in the Netherlands during the 2022 outbreak and beyond
Authors: Schuele Leonard , Boter Marjan , Nieuwenhuijse David F. , Götz Hannelore , Fanoy Ewout , de Vries Henry , Vieyra Bruno , Bavalia Roisin , Hoornenborg Elske , Molenkamp Richard , Jonges Marcel , van den Ouden Anton , Simões Margarida , van den Lubben Mariken , Koopmans Marion , Welkers Matthijs R. A. , Oude Munnink Bas B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMpox is an emerging zoonotic disease which has now spread to over 113 countries as of August 2023, with over 89,500 confirmed human cases. The Netherlands had one of the highest incidence rates in Europe during the peak of the outbreak. In this study, we generated 158 near‐complete mpox virus (MPXV) genomes (12.4% of nationwide cases) that were collected throughout the Netherlands from the start of the outbreak in May 2022 to August 2023 to track viral evolution and investigate outbreak dynamics. We detected 14 different viral lineages, suggesting multiple introductions followed by rapid initial spread within the country. The estimated evolutionary rate was relatively high compared to previously described in orthopoxvirus literature, with an estimated 11.58 mutations per year. Genomic rearrangement events occurred at a rate of 0.63% and featured a large deletion event. In addition, based on phylogenetics, we identified multiple potential transmission clusters which could be supported by direct source‐ and contact tracing data. This led to the identification of at least two main transmission locations at the beginning of the outbreak. We conclude that whole genome sequencing of MPXV is essential to enhance our understanding of outbreak dynamics and evolution of a relatively understudied and emerging zoonotic pathogen.
Antibody‐dependent enhancement and neutralization against CVB4 investigated in vitro and in silico through an agent‐based model
Authors: Morvan Corentin , Nekoua Magloire Pandoua , Debuysschere Cyril , Alidjinou Enagnon Kazali , Hober Didier 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe infection with coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) can be enhanced in vitro by antibodies directed against the viral capsid protein VP4. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of CVB4 infection leads to the production of interferon alpha (IFN‐α). To investigate ADE of CVB4‐induced production of IFN‐α, an agent‐based model was constructed with enhancing and neutralizing antibodies. The model recapitulates viral neutralization and ADE in silico. The enhancing and neutralizing activities of serum samples were evaluated in vitro to confront the model predictions with experimental results. Increasing the incubation time of CVB4 with serum samples improves virus neutralization in silico as well as in vitro. It also results in ADE at lower antibody numbers in silico, which is confirmed in vitro with IFN‐α production at lower serum concentrations. Furthermore, incubation of CVB4 with serum at a low temperature does not induce IFN‐α production in vitro. Thus, taken together our results suggest that enhancing antibodies bind cryptic epitopes, more accessible with longer incubation time and at higher temperature due to changes in capsid conformation, consistent with previous results indicating that enhancing antibodies are anti‐VP4 antibodies.
Changing spectrum and mortality disparities of etiology of liver cirrhosis in Beijing, China
Authors: Li Min , Wei Zaihua , Su Jianting , Wu Xiaoning , Xie Xueqin , You Hong , Jia Jidong , Kong Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiver cirrhosis remains a major health concern globally, but its epidemiology and etiology evolve with time. However, the changing pattern in etiology and cause of liver‐related mortality for patients with cirrhosis are not fully elucidated. Herein, our aim was to characterize the temporal trend of the etiological spectrum and evaluate the impact of etiology on liver‐related death among patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) in Beijing, China. Clinical profiles of patients with CC discharged between January 2008 and December 2015 were retrieved from the Beijing hospital discharge database. The mortalities of different etiologies of cirrhosis were calculated. The risks of readmission and liver‐related death associated with etiologies were evaluated by the Cox regression model. A total of 23 978 cirrhotic patients were included. The predominant cause was hepatitis B virus (HBV) (58.93%), followed by alcohol (21.35%), autoimmune (14.85%), miscellaneous etiologies (3.55%), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) (1.32%). From 2008 to 2015, the proportion of HBV‐related cirrhosis decreased to 28.11%. Meanwhile, the proportions of autoimmune‐ and miscellaneous‐related cirrhosis increased to 28.54% and 13.11%. The risk of liver‐related death ranked the highest in patients with miscellaneous cirrhosis, followed by HBV‐related cirrhosis, alcohol‐related cirrhosis, autoimmune‐related cirrhosis, and HCV‐related cirrhosis. The 5‐year rates of liver‐related death were 22.56%, 18.99%, 18.77%, 16.01%, and 10.76%, respectively. HBV‐related cirrhosis caused the highest risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)‐related death, whereas alcohol‐ and miscellaneous‐related cirrhosis caused higher risks of decompensation (DC)‐related death than HBV‐related cirrhosis, with hazard ratios of 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.48) and 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03–1.40), respectively. HBV remained a common cause of liver cirrhosis but gradually decreased. Mortality disparities existed in etiologies, with higher risks of HCC‐related death in HBV‐related cirrhosis, and DC‐related death in alcohol‐ and miscellaneous‐related cirrhosis.