bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P008 Pilot and Feasibility of Bright Light Therapy in Improving Sleep and Quality of Life in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Wijayaratne P , Williams K , Walter L , Horne R , Nixon G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Bright light therapy (BLT) improves sleep and quality of life (QOL) in adults with cancer and adolescents with mood disorders. Children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are vulnerable to poor sleep, related to their new cancer diagnosis and impaired sleep-wake cycles from dexamethasone treatment. To date no studies have investigated the feasibility and utility of BLT to improve sleep, daytime functioning and QOL in this population.

Methods
The intervention group (N=7) underwent BLT for 30 minutes each morning during dexamethasone treatment. Actigraphy and psychometric questionnaires measured at baseline, at the end of dexamethasone treatment and at six months post treatment, in addition to actigraphy following three dexamethasone treatments, were compared between the intervention and non-intervention groups (N=5). Feasibility measures included study acceptance, retention and limited efficacy testing.

Results
The Moods and Feelings questionnaire and both the child and parent reported PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale had the lowest completion rates both at the end of treatment or at follow up for BLT (57-67%) and in the non-intervention group (50-60%). Negligible differences were observed in sleep outcomes during dexamethasone treatment between the two groups. The largest effect sizes of BLT were seen for total sleep time, sleep efficiency and wake after sleep onset at the end of dexamethasone treatment and at follow up.

Discussion
This study demonstrates limited preliminary feasibility of BLT in children with ALL during dexamethasone treatment. A successful future trial should consider modifications to the data collection periods and the type of questionnaires.
P011 How Sex and Age moderate the effect of Sleep Loss on Pain Perception: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rouhi S , Topcu J , Egorova-Brumley N , Jordan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Females tend to exhibit increased sensitivity to pain and are more susceptible to developing chronic pain conditions. Sleep disturbances are comorbid with chronic pain and exacerbate pain symptoms. Sleep disturbances have been found to affect pain perception distinctly, but whether these effects are consistent in men and women is unclear. This systematic review investigated how sex and age moderate the sleep-pain interaction under various forms of sleep disturbances. We searched EBSCO, MEDLINE, Psych INFO, Science Direct, and Web of Science from January 2001 to November 2022. A total of 38 studies with 978 participants were included in the review. The meta-regression was conducted based on the predicted value of effect size and its estimated standard error at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that sex moderated the effect of sleep disturbance on pain facilitation (SMD=.13; 95%CI:.004 to .022; p=.009) and pain inhibition (SMD=.033; 95%CI:.011 to .054; p=.005). Females exhibited increased pain facilitation and decreased pain inhibition, whereas males showed the opposite direction of effect. Further, age moderated the effects of total sleep deprivation (SMD=-.194; 95%CI -.328 to -.060; p=.008) on pain sensitivity and fragmented sleep (SMD=-.110; 95%CI: -.148 to -.072; p&lt;.001) on pain threshold. Although the moderating effects of sex and age on the sleep-pain interaction were relatively small, these findings highlight the importance of considering these factors in future sleep-pain studies.
P012 Head Position During Sleep: Potential Implications for Patients with Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Levendowski D , Walsh C , Neylan T , Lee-Iannotti J , Tsuang D , Berka C , Mazeika G , Boeve B , St. Louis E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In 2015, Lee et al. observed sleeping position influenced the efficiency of glymphatic clearance in rats. In 2018, Levendowski et al. reported supine sleep was independently associated with neurodegenerative disorders (NDD)(odds ratio=3.7). This update further evaluates the comparative frequency of the supine sleep position across a spectrum of cognitive impairment, including patients diagnosed with a Parkinsonian spectrum disorder (PSD), Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), compared with a control group (CG) of patients without a known cognitive disorder.

Methods
After ethics review and with informed consent, a control group (CG: n=170), PSD (n=36), AD (n=29) and MCI group (n=41) were studied in-home with the Sleep Profiler; 89% across two-nights. Between-group comparisons were assessed with Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests.

Results
The hours of supine sleep were greater in PSD=3.0 + 1.9, AD=3.2 + 2.0 and MCI=3.0 + 2.0 vs. CG=1.9 + 1.8 (all p&lt;0.002). The proportion of patients with &gt;2 hours of supine sleep were PSD=69%, AD=69% and MCI=59% vs. CG=39%, with odds ratios of PSD=3.6, AD=3.5 and MCI=2.2 (all p&lt;0.001).

Conclusions
Here we provide further evidence for a relatively strong association between supine sleep and neurodegenerative disease including PSD, AD and MCI cohorts. The nature of this association remains unclear from cross sectional study designs. Future prospective studies should test if there is a causal link between supine sleep and subsequent development of neurodegeneration.
P013 The Effect of Noise Exposure during Sleep on the Cortisol Awakening Response
Authors: Nagarajan P , Nguyen D , Dunbar C , Lechat B , Liebich T , Zajamsek B , Hansen K , Vakulin A , Lack L , Lovato N , Scott H , Decup F , Catcheside P , Micic G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Environmental noise could negatively impact the sleep and well-being of nearby residents. This study tested for overnight noise exposure effects on the cortisol awakening response (CAR), a potential marker of noise-related stress responses, and for differences in CAR and hair cortisol between different prior noise exposure groups.

Methods
A randomised controlled laboratory trial was conducted in 68 individuals from four groups; including WFN-exposed residents n=14 with and n=18 without WFN-related complaints, n=18 quiet rural control and n=18 urban traffic-noise exposed residents. Across six nights, after an initial adaptation night, participants were exposed in random order to different noise conditions, which included intermittent WFN and road traffic noise (RTN), WFN at average exposure levels throughout wake, sleep or both and a quiet control night. Salivary CAR responses were evaluated from 5 serial saliva samples collected following awakening. Hair cortisol levels were also collected. Mixed effects models were used to examine group and night effects on CAR and group effects on hair cortisol.

Results
There was a significant main effect of condition on CAR (p=0.038), but no significant pairwise differences between the control night and noise exposure nights, and no further differences between nights or groups on CAR or hair cortisol concentrations.

Conclusions
Acute in-laboratory noise-related sleep disturbance at the levels used in this study do not appear to alter acute cortisol awakening responses. A better understanding of chronic noise exposure effects and stress responses is important to help clarify and mitigate potential environmental noise exposure effects on nearby residents.
P018 The Relationships Between Multidimensional Sleep Health and Work Productivity in Individuals with Neurological Conditions
Authors: Turner M , Laws M , Griffiths M , Turner K , Dempsey L , Laws S , Cruickshank T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies have reported the negative impacts of poor sleep on work productivity in the general population. However, despite the known sleep issues individuals living with neurological conditions experience, no study has explored its impact on their work productivity. Sleep health is a concept that includes multiple domains of sleep, measured with a combination of objective and subjective measures. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the associations between sleep health and its domains and work productivity in individuals with neurological conditions. Sleep health domains were determined through actigraphy data collected over one week and sleep questionnaires. Work productivity was assessed via the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. A comparison of sleep health scores between demographic variables was performed using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis Tests. Associations between the sleep health domains and work productivity were performed using linear regression models. There were no significant differences in sleep health scores between sex, smoking status, education level, employment status or any work productivity domain. Individuals with extreme sleep timing had greater absenteeism (22.99%) than the non-extreme group. Individuals with extreme sleep quality had an increase in presenteeism (30.85%), work productivity loss (26.44%) and activity impairment (25.81%) compared to those in the non-extreme group. The findings from this study highlight that self-reported sleep quality has the largest impact on work productivity. Improving individuals' sleep quality through triage for potential sleep disorders or improving their sleep hygiene (sleep behaviour and environment) may positively impact work productivity.
P019 Sleep and Circadian Interventions for Mental Health and Mood in Athletes
Authors: Walsh E , Facer-Childs E , Drummond S , Liddle S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
There are only a small number of evidence-based interventions that address sleep and circadian rhythms in athletes despite it being well-recognized that sleep has a bidirectional relationship with mental health conditions, wellbeing, mood disorders and may be protective against concussions and injury risk. Athletes, both during and after their career, face unique stressors that, if not well managed and mitigated, could become a source of mental health issues. The aim of this review was to discuss the current evidence on sleep and circadian interventions to improve mental health and mood in athletes.

Methods
The following databases—PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar—were searched for initial studies of interest from inception to July 2023.

Results
Very few sleep and circadian strategies have been implemented in sporting environments to improve the mental health and mood of athletes. The interventions that have been investigated are constrained by limited sample sizes, lack of female representation, low quality study design and inconsistent measurement of mental health and mood, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions of the efficacy of these strategies. Overall, the evidence base for the effectiveness of the interventions was limited.

Discussion
There remains a need for larger, adequately powered interventions that are individually tailored, with considerations for the specific challenges of athletes at different levels of professionalism, season time and in particular sporting contexts.
P024 The Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Endotypes are Similar in Elderly Veterans with and without PTSD.
Authors: Brooker E , Landry S , Prguda E , McLeay S , Drummond S , Edwards B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Approximately 60% of veterans living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Why OSA is so prevalent in individuals with PTSD remains unknown, though the presence of PTSD may influence the underlying endotypes known to cause OSA. We examined whether upper airway collapsibility, muscle compensation, loop gain, and the arousal threshold differ in trauma exposed elderly male veterans with OSA with and without comorbid PTSD.

Methods
Using the ventilatory flow pattern from diagnostic polysomnography, the four OSA endotypes were measured in a retrospective cohort of 21 OSA patients with PTSD and 27 OSA-only patients. All participants are male Vietnam War veterans with mild-to-severe OSA (AHI M=26.8, SD=18.6; range: 6.0-105.9 events/h). Age (M=71.3, SD=3.5) and BMI (M=27.4, SD=3.4 kg/m²) were similar between groups.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences (p-values&gt;0.3) in the OSA endotype traits between OSA-only and OSA+PTSD patients for upper airway collapsibility (78.35 [72.81-83.82] vs. 76.68 [71.53-83.56]%eupnea), muscle compensation (5.41 [1.83-7.21] vs. 4.27 [0.34-9.18]%eupnea), arousal threshold (146.95 [128.64-151.28] vs. 135.76 [126.59-147.54]%eupnea), and loop gain (M=0.60, SD=0.14 vs. M=0.56, SD=0.17).

Conclusion
The endotypes underlying OSA in elderly male veterans with PTSD were similar to their trauma exposed OSA-only counterparts. PTSD may exert little influence on the OSA endotypes in elderly samples beyond the effect that age and trauma exposure may have in OSA patients. What underlies the increased prevalence of OSA in PTSD remains unclear and further work examining these endotypes using larger and more diverse samples is needed before robust conclusions can be made.
P039 Genioglossus motor control during mandibular advancement.
Authors: Dawson A , Avraam J , Thornton T , Nicholas C , Jordan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
High genioglossus muscle activity is thought to prevent/resolve upper airway collapse. Overall genioglossal activity results from the simultaneous firing of many motor units (MUs) which typically have one of 5 firing patterns: active only (IP) or at higher frequency (IT) during inspiration; active only (EP) or at higher frequency during expiration (ET); and constantly active without respiratory modulation (TT). To date, most experimental manipulations tested (e.g. hypoxia, hypercapnia, resistive loading) have influenced IP and IT MUs, with minimal changes in ET, EP and TT MUs. We hypothesized that IT/IP MUs respond to respiratory drive, whereas TT/EP/ET MUs will change in response to airway anatomical manipulations.

Methods
The number and firing frequencies of genioglossal MUs were assessed with intramuscular electrodes in healthy individuals during wakefulness, before and during mandibular advancement (MAD) to 80% of maximum with an myTAP device, to change airway anatomy but minimally alter respiratory drive.

Results
201 MUs were identified from 55 trials in 14 participants. Ventilation did not differ between baseline and MAD. At baseline, 175 MUs were active: EP=0.6%, ET=12.6%, IP=14.9%, IT=48%, TT=24%. During MAD, 35 MUs ceased firing, but an additional 26 MUs began firing, with the resulting MUs proportions not differing from baseline: EP=0%, ET=10.2%, IP=21.1%, IT=36.7%, TT=31.9%, χ2(9)=12.0, p=.213. The mean firing frequency of MUs did not change during MAD (baseline=20.9±4.7Hz, MAD=21.9±5.4Hz).

Discussion
Contrary to the hypothesis, the firing patterns of genioglossal MUs did not differ from baseline during mandibular advancement. What controls the non-respiratory/expiratory MUs of the genioglossus remains unclear.
P045 Noxturnal cRIP: A Comparative Analysis of Sensors for the Identification of Respiratory Events in Polysomnography
Authors: Eriksson N , Carballo A , Roberts C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
AASM recommends the use of nasal pressure (NP), oronasal thermal flow (TF), and respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) for detecting and characterising respiratory events in polysomnography. The use of both NP and TF sensors is reported to be more accurate in respiratory event identification than either alone. However, these sensors can be unreliable if dislodged and cause discomfort. Noxturnal calibrated RIP flow (cRIPflow), derived from RIP, may provide a non-invasive alternative method for flow measurement in identification of respiratory events.

Method
Respiratory scoring was performed manually by a single experienced scorer on 10 diagnostic sleep studies under AASM standards. Scoring was repeated using three different measurements for each study: cRIPflow only, Thermistor (Th) only and both Th+NP (AASM recommendation). Apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI), central apnoea index (CAI), obstructive apnoea index (OAI), mixed apnoea index (MAI) and hypopnoea index (HI) were calculated and paired t-test analysis utilised for comparison between measurements.

Results
No statistical differences were identified in comparison of cRIPflow with Th or Th+NP in respiratory event identification: CAI (cRIPflow 3.2/hr±7.1, Th 3.9/hr±8.9, Th+NP 3.1/hr±7.5), OAI (cRIPflow 6.1/hr±6.8, Th 5.3/hr±8.2, Th+NP 6.7/hr±8.9), MAI (cRIPflow 5.2/hr±9.7, Th 4.3/hr±8.7, Th+NP 4.7/hr±9.2), or HI (cRIPflow 12.5/hr±13.9, Th 11.1/hr±10.5, Th+NP 10.4/hr±10.7). There was a statistical difference for AHI (cRIPflow 26.9/hr±26.6, Th 24.5/hr±26.4, Th+NP 25.0/hr±26.5).

Discussion
This study suggests cRIPflow may provide an alternative measurement in the detection and characterisation of respiratory events, however further analysis with larger sample size would provide more insight into sensitivity and specificity of this method.
P049 Actigraphic rest-activity rhythms in older adults ‘at risk’ for dementia: associations with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, temporal and occipital cortices
Authors: Mckinnon A , Espinosa N , Palmer J , Hoyos C , Hickie I , Pye J , Duffy S , Grunstein R , Naismith S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Rest-activity rhythm disturbance is common in older adults ‘at risk’ for dementia. This may be an early marker of underlying disease pathology and risk of future decline. However, our understanding of how rest-activity rhythm relates to brain integrity remains unclear.

Methods
This study used vertex-wise analyses to examine the association between nonparametric actigraphy measures and cortical thickness in older adults ‘at risk’ for dementia. Primary measures of interest were intra-daily variability (IV), relative amplitude (RA), inter-daily stability (IS), and average activity during the least active 5-hour period (L5).

Results
143 older adults ‘at risk’ for cognitive decline were included (mean age=67.41, SD=7.96). Higher IV was associated with lower cortical thickness in the right cuneus (CWP&lt; 0.001), left middle frontal gyrus (CWP&lt; 0.001) and lateral orbital frontal cortex (CWP=0.004). Higher L5 was linked with cortical thinning in the left superior temporal sulcus (CWP=0.004), superior middle temporal cortex (CWP=0.010) and middle temporal gyrus (CWP=0.013), as well as right inferior parietal lobe (CWP&lt; 0.001). Lower IS was associated with cortical thinning in the left (CWP=0.002) and right (CWP&lt; 0.001) superior frontal gyri, left superior temporal gyrus (CWP=0.043) and left post-central gyrus (CWP=0.033).

Conclusions
Markers of circadian rhythmicity are associated with reduced cortical thickness in frontal, temporal and occipital cortices in older adults ‘at risk’ for dementia. Future work is still required to delineate whether brain degeneration leads to altered daily rhythms and/or if circadian misalignment contributes to cognitive decline longitudinally.
P051 Associations between Chronotype and Symptoms of Depression in Patients attending an Outpatient Sleep Clinic
Authors: Mendes J , Ng Y , Lu S , Saunders W , Cahill F , Oh S , Wasgewatta S , Rajaratnam S , Hamilton G , Mansfield D , Bei B 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Chronotype (or morningness-eveningness), individuals’ time-of-the-day preference for activity, has been associated with depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional study examined the association between chronotype and symptoms of depression in outpatients attending a sleep disorders clinic.

Method
The sample included individuals attending an outpatient sleep disorders clinic and provided opt-out consent for their data to be used for research purposes. Individuals included in the analyses provided demographic data, their typical weekly total sleep time (TST), and complete responses prior to treatment on the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ; for chronotype), and the PROMIS depression scale.

Results
A total of 1641 (44.5% female, Mage = 45.20 years, SDage = 16.06 years) participants were included. On average, the sample scored intermediate chronotype (M = 14.73, SD = 4.35) and higher depressive symptom scores that were half a standard deviation higher compared to community norms (M = 55.80, SD = 10.01). Multiple linear regression controlling for age, sex, and TST showed that greater eveningness preferences predicted higher symptoms of depression, p&lt;0.01, explaining 2.76% additional variance in depression scores above that of the covariates.

Discussion
Overall, sleep clinic outpatients had an intermediate chronotype and above average depressive symptoms. The findings are consistent with existing literature in other populations indicating that eveningness may be a risk factor for greater symptoms of depression. Future studies need to explore whether interventions to alter chronotype may benefit symptoms of depression in individuals with sleep complaints.
P052 Is Circadian Adaptation to Night Work Affected by the Intensity of Ambient Lighting?
Authors: Roach G , Kosmadopoulos A , Sargent C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of this study was to examine whether the intensity of ambient lighting affects the rate at which the human circadian system adapts to working at night.
Methods. The whole study will include 60 participants (50:50, F:M; aged 28–35yr; good sleep/health) randomised to one of three conditions. In each condition, participants work 14 x 12-hr simulated night shifts (19:00–07:00h) while living 24h/day in an accommodation suite. The only difference between conditions is in the light intensity during night shifts – dim (5–10lx), moderate (50–100lx), normal (300–350lx). Circadian adaptation is being assessed using the hourly rate of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) production during sleep.

Results
The project is in progress, so these results are for the first 6–12 participants in each condition. For each day, circadian adaptation is assessed by expressing the rate of aMT6s excreted during the daytime sleep period as a percentage of the rate of aMT6s excreted during the night-time baseline sleep period (for an adaption score of 0–100%). On average, participants in the dim condition are adapted by 26%,37%,32% after nights 1,7,14; participants in the moderate condition are adapted by 23%,37%,60% after nights 1,7,14; and participants in the normal condition are adapted by 27%,117%,103% after nights 1,7,14.

Discussion
These data indicate that the rate, and degree, of circadian adaptation to night work is substantially affected by the intensity of ambient lighting. Therefore, lighting conditions should be incorporated into OHS guidelines related to managing the fatigue risks associated with night work.