bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of fine‐needle aspiration in the diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma
Authors: Dodd Leslie G. , Scully Sean P. , Cothran R. Lee , Harrelson John M. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a reliable, safe, and cost‐effective procedure with a well‐established role in the diagnosis of various solid tissue neoplasms. The role of FNA in the diagnosis of primary bone tumors, including osteosarcoma (OGS), is controversial and has yet to be established. We reviewed our experience with the use of FNA as a diagnostic technique over the past 8 yr at our institution. Diagnosis was conclusive in 26 (65%) of 40 patients, 18 of whom went to neoadjuvant therapy and/or resection based solely on the FNA interpretation of either “high grade sarcoma” or “osteosarcoma.” Of the remaining 14 (25%) patients, 12 had inconclusive diagnosis and two (5%) were false‐negatives. An inconclusive diagnosis was most likely to be an inadequate or paucicellular aspirate, seen in six (15%) patients. An additional six patients had variants of osteosarcoma (four chondroid, one “giant cell rich,” one parosteal) that made definitive diagnosis impossible. The two that were incorrectly classified were diagnosed as fracture callus and plasmacytoma. FNA is an accurate and cost‐effective tool for the initial diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma with a sensitivity of 65% and accuracy of 95%. Inconclusive diagnoses are likely to be due to insufficient sample cellularity or the presence of OGS variant. In our experience, FNA is sufficient to provide the diagnosis of OGS prior to definitive treatment when interpreted in conjunction with imaging studies and clinical findings. In those cases where FNA fails to yield a diagnostic sample, a traditional biopsy can be performed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:350–353. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic features of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Mohanty Sambit K. , Dey Pranab , Ghoshal Sushmita , Nahar Saikia Uma 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThe aim of the study was to describe the cytologic features of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) to lymph node, which would help in arriving at a definite diagnosis, particularly in cases of occult primary with predominant finding of cervical lymphadenopathy. This is a retrospective study over a period of 2 yr (January 2000 to December 2001) and included 15 cases of NPC metastasizing to cervical lymph nodes. All cases had histopathologic diagnosis of primary NPC. Two independent observers studied detailed cytomorphology of these cases. The FNAC smears were cellular and except for three cases revealed predominantly discohesive malignant cells admixed with lymphocytes. Cellular degeneration and naked tumor cell nuclear were seen in all cases. The tumor cells showed mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism, vesicular chromatin, and scanty cytoplasm with ill‐defined cytoplasmic borders. All 15 cases were typed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as types I, II, and III NPCs. There were two cases of type I NPCs, five cases of type II, and eight cases of type III pattern. FNAC of metastatic NPC in lymph node is a valuable diagnostic modality in suggesting the site of origin of the tumor. Furthermore, it is also helpful to exclude residual disease and recurrence in a treated patient with lymphadenopathy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:340–342. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reliability of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy in the initial diagnosis of soft‐tissue lesions
Authors: Nagira Keiko , Yamamoto Tetsuji , Akisue Toshihiro , Marui Takashi , Hitora Toshiaki , Nakatani Tetsuya , Kurosaka Masahiro , Ohbayashi Chiho 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe retrospectively reviewed fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of 301 soft tissue lesions of the extremities and trunk. Final diagnoses were 137 benign and 86 malignant neoplasms and 78 nonneoplastic lesions. Of the 301 FNAB samples, 279 (93%) were adequate for cytologic diagnosis. The adequate FNAB specimens were initially grouped into three broad categories: benign (197 cases), malignant (57 cases), and suspicious for malignancy (25 cases). Sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of a malignant lesion were 92% and 97%, respectively. The specimens were cytomorphologically classified into nine categories: small round (14 cases), spindle cell (77 cases), epithelioid/polygonal (16 cases), pleomorphic (29 cases), myxoid (19 cases), lipomatous (37 cases), epithelial (23 cases), inflammatory lesions (28 cases), and others (36 cases). Specific FNAB diagnoses were correct in 151 of 279 cases (54%) in combination with clinical and radiologic findings. FNAB is a valuable technique for the primary diagnosis of soft‐tissue lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:354–361. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pelvic endometriosis diagnosed on touch imprint cytology
Authors: Selvaggi Suzanne M. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA case of pelvic endometriosis on touch imprint cytology in a 34‐yr‐old woman is presented and discussed. Touch preparations of the core biopsies showed both epithelial and spindle cell components. Bland‐appearing epithelial cells, arranged in tight clusters and sheets, contained finely granular chromatin and scant cytoplasm. Clusters of bland‐appearing spindle cells with oval nuclei containing small prominent nucleoli were present. The differential diagnosis and diagnostic pitfalls are discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;27:379–381. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postfiring stress‐strain hysteresis of concrete subjected to various heating and cooling regimes
Authors: Nassif A.Y. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractThis paper reports an experimental investigation involving 90 siliceous aggregate concrete cores (75 mm dia. 175 mm long), which were subjected to 18 different heating and cooling regimes in the temperature range (217°C–470°C). The cores were heated to the point when the centre of the core reached the same temperature as the outer surface, the point of uniformity. Subsequently, the cores were either taken out of the furnace to cool or soaked at the test temperature for 2 h. Cooling was either by spraying the heated core with water for 5 min or by air‐cooling in a controlled environment of 20°C and 65% RH. The extent of damage and internal fracture were assessed using the stiffness damage test (SDT) and the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) as well as petrography methods.Both prolonged duration of thermal exposure and rapid cooling by water quenching resulted in a further loss of stiffness of fire damaged concrete cores. Extending the duration of thermal exposure by 2 h from the point of uniformity resulted in an approximately 10% further reduction in the residual chord modulus (Ec). However, spraying hot concrete with water after reaching the point of uniformity caused more reduction in stiffness than a 2 h extended duration of thermal exposure to temperatures below 320°C.The damage index (DI), which represents the dissipated strain energy in a hysteresis loop, showed a similar effect. The damage index of cores subjected to water quenching was significantly higher than the damage index of cores soaked at temperatures below 320°C. The residual plastic strain (PS), which is measured at the end of a hysteresis loop, showed very similar variation to that of the damage index. The ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test method confirmed that spraying hot concrete with water from the point of uniformity was more damaging than a 2 h extended duration of thermal exposure to temperatures below 320°C. The extended duration of thermal exposure did not seem to affect the degree of non‐linearity of the stress‐strain response of fire affected concrete while water quenching resulted in a more concave response. The results are explained by identifying the various damage mechanisms associated with the various heating and cooling regimes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molar group contributions to the heat of combustion
Authors: Walters Richard N. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractExperimental results for the gross heat of combustion of over 140 commercial and developmental polymers and small molecules of known chemical structure were used to derive additive molar group contributions to the heat of combustion. The materials examined contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, fluorine and silicon in linear, branched and cyclic structures. Values for the molar group contributions were summed and divided by the molecular weight of the molecule or polymer repeat unit to yield the gross heat of combustion as determined by oxygen bomb calorimetry. This new method provides an accurate single step method for calculating the heat of combustion. The average relative error of the calculated gross heats of combustion is 2.8%. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of orthotropic thermal conductivity of honeycomb material
Authors: Ogasawara Nagahisa , Shiratori Masaki , Yu Qiang , Kurahara Tetsuji 
Published: November 2002

AbstractAn experimental–computational hybrid system for measurement of thermal conductivity of orthotropic materials is developed. The system consists of two experimental parts and a finite element analysis part. First, the temperature distribution generated by uniform heating is measured with a thermal video system, and the thermal conductivity of Z direction is calculated. Second, the temperature distribution generated by small area heating is measured with the system. In the final step, thermal transfer analyses simulating the experiment support efficient data, and thermal conductivity of in‐plane directions is estimated by comparison between experimental and analytical temperature distributions. The orthotropic equivalent thermal conductivity of honeycomb materials obtained by this system agreed with the theoretical values. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(8): 617–625, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10063
Performance evaluation of heat exchanger using alternative refrigerant R407C
Authors: Nonaka Masayuki , Matsushima Hiroaki , Endoh Kazuhiro , Matsuo Kazuya , Fujibayashi Kazuo 
Published: November 2002

AbstractR22 (HCFC22) has been widely used as the refrigerant in air conditioners. According to the Montreal protocol for ozone layer protection, the total production of HCFCs has been capped since the beginning of 1996. Zeotropic refrigerant mixture R407C and nearly azeotropic refrigerant mixture R410A have been selected as alternatives to R22.We examined refrigerant passages in heat exchangers used in heat pump‐type room air conditioners using zeotropic refrigerant R407C through simulation, and obtained the following conclusions. In an indoor heat exchanger, a counter flow configuration when operating as a condenser has higher temperature efficiency. When an outdoor heat exchanger operates as an evaporator, a configuration that suppresses the temperature glide by partially reducing the refrigerant passage not only produces high efficiency, but also reduces the frost formation on fins. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(8): 626–638, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10064
The flow characteristics of an upward gas‐liquid two‐phase flow in a vertical tube with a wire coil: Part 2. Effect on void fraction and liquid film thickness
Authors: Takeshima Keishi , Fujii Terushige , Takenaka Nobuyuki , Asano Hitoshi 
Published: November 2002

AbstractAn experimental study has been carried out to clarify the characteristics of the void fraction and the liquid film thickness of the air‐water two‐phase flow in vertical tubes of 25‐mm inside diameter with wire coils of varying wire diameter and pitch. The flow pattern in the experiment on the average void fraction and the local void fraction distribution in cross section was a bubble flow, and the liquid film thickness was in the region of semiannular and annular flows. It is clarified from these experiments that the average void fraction in tubes with wire coils is lower than that in a smooth tube and decreases with the wire diameter owing to the centrifugal force of the swirl flow which concentrates bubbles at the center of the tube, that the local liquid film thickness becomes more uniform with a decrease in the pitch of the wire coil, and that the liquid film becomes thicker after the passage through the wire coil with an increase in the wire diameter. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(8): 652–664, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.10067
Fat‐suppressed three‐dimensional MR angiography technique with elliptical centric view order and no prolonged breath‐holding time
Authors: Amano Yasuo , Amano Maki , Matsuda Tsuyoshi , Tsuchihashi Toshio , Takahama Katsuya , Kumazaki Tatsuo 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPurposeTo determine the appropriate rate of fat‐suppression pulses (using spec IR—spectral selective inversion recovery) for fat‐suppressed 3D magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with an elliptical centric view order.Materials and MethodsIn abdominal 3D fast spoiled gradient echo (fast SPGR) with an elliptical centric view order, the spec IR pulse rate was changed from zero to one every 15 repetitions (in nine steps) in eight volunteers. In the equilibrium phase, abdominal contrast‐enhanced 3D MRA was obtained by 3D fast SPGR using an elliptical centric view order without fat‐suppression and with two spec IR, and by fat‐suppressed 3D fast SPGR with a sequential‐centric view order (efgre3D) in 18 cases. Fat and vascular signals were estimated.ResultsAlthough 3D fast SPGR using an elliptical centric view order with spec IR placed every 15 TR and efgre3D effectively decreased fat signals, these sequences lengthened the breath‐hold by 4–6 seconds compared with non‐fat‐suppressed sequence. 3D fast SPGR using an elliptical centric view order and two spec IR reduced the fat signal by 30% and provided good 3D MR angiography without substantial prolongation of breath‐hold.ConclusionTwo spec IR can be used for generation of partially fat‐suppressed abdominal 3D MRA without prolongation of the breath‐hold when performing 3D fast SPGR using an elliptical centric view order. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:707–715. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multislice breath‐hold spiral magnetic resonance coronary angiography in patients with coronary artery disease: Effect of intravascular contrast medium
Authors: Knuesel Patrick R. , Nanz Daniel , Wolfensberger Ursula , Saranathan Manojkumar , Lehning Anja , Luescher Thomas F. , Marincek Borut , von Schulthess Gustav K. , Schwitter Juerg 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPurposeFirst, to apply a breath‐hold multislice 2D spiral magnetic resonance (MR) approach in patients acquiring within 16 heartbeats (acquisition window, 116 msec) a 10‐mm‐thick stack of four slices (resolution, 1.3 × 1.3 mm2); and second, to evaluate the effect of an intravascular Fe‐based contrast medium (CM) on a signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and a contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR).Materials and MethodsIn each patient one or two coronary arteries were imaged prior to and following cumulative doses of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg of Fe/kg of body weight (bw) of an intravascular CM (CLARISCAN™, Nycomed‐Amersham, Princeton, NJ, USA) containing ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) particles.ResultsOn precontrast maximum intensity projection (MIP) images generated from the stack of slices, 10 and 11 stenoses of 12 stenoses confirmed by coronary angiography were detected by readers 1 and 2, respectively. SNR and CNR in the coronary arteries peaked at 0.50 mg of Fe/kg of bw, yielding a slight increase of 15.5% and 18.4%, respectively (P < 0.05 vs. precontrast), which did not improve detection of coronary artery stenoses.ConclusionThe presented multislice spiral approach allows display of coronary anatomy in MIP formats for convenient display of coronary stenoses. The pulse sequence did not benefit from an intravascular USPIO‐based CM, since little improvement in SNR and CNR was achieved. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:660–667. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proton two‐dimensional chemical shift imaging for evaluation of prostate cancer: External surface coil vs. endorectal surface coil
Authors: Kaji Yasushi , Wada Akihiko , Imaoka Izumi , Matsuo Michimasa , Terachi Toshiro , Kobashi Yoichiro , Sugimura Kazuro , Fujii Masahiko , Maruyama Katsuya , Takizawa Osamu 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPurposeTo compare the diagnostic ability of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using an external surface coil with that using an endorectal surface coil in patients with prostate cancer.Materials and MethodsMR imaging (MRI) and two‐dimensional chemical shift imaging (2D CSI) were performed in 5 healthy volunteers and in 35 patients with prostate cancer. The receiver coil was the anterior lower part of a phased‐array coil or an endorectal surface coil.ResultsReceiver‐operating characteristic analysis for diagnosing prostate cancer showed no significant difference (P = 0.784) between the area under the curve of phased‐array coil CSI and that of endorectal surface coil CSI.ConclusionThe phased‐array coil CSI could provide comparable detection accuracy to endorectal surface coil CSI. In patients with rectal diseases or patients who could not tolerate the discomfort with insertion of an endorectal surface coil, we recommend the phased‐array coil CSI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:697–706. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The potential of contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for predicting left ventricular remodeling
Authors: Watzinger Norbert , Lund Gunnar K. , Higgins Charles B. , Wendland Michael F. , Weinmann Hanns‐Joachim , Saeed Maythem 
Published: November 2002

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether the myocardial injury size on day 2 measured after gadolinium (Gd)‐mesoporphyrin and Gd‐diethylenetriamine‐pentaacetic acid (DTPA) administration can be used for predicting left ventricular (LV) remodeling 8 weeks later, and to monitor the structural and functional changes in the infarct, peri‐infarct rim, and remote myocardium in reperfused infarction using contrast‐enhanced and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Materials and MethodsMyocardial infarction (MI) was induced in 27 rats by 1 hour of coronary occlusion/reperfusion. Rats were imaged 2 days and 8 weeks after MI using MRI to determine LV function and size of myocardial injury. All animals received 0.05 mmol/kg Gd‐mesoporphyrin 12 hours before the first MRI. A subgroup of 13 rats received 0.3 mmol/kg Gd‐DTPA in addition to Gd‐mesoporphyrin, and seven rats received 0.05 mmol/kg Gd‐mesoporphyrin 12 hours before the second MRI for detection of healed MI. True infarct size (IS) and LV mass were measured postmortem. LV volumes, mass, function, and wall thickness were determined in both imaging sessions.ResultsA close correlation was found between contrast‐enhanced MRI and postmortem measurements for IS (r = 0.94, P < 0.001 for Gd‐mesoporphyrin; r = 0.91, P < 0.001, N = 13 for Gd‐DTPA). IS measured on Gd‐mesoporphyrin‐enhanced images correlated well with end‐systolic LV volumes (r = 0.68, P < 0.001) and ejection fraction (r = −0.75, P < 0.001) 8 weeks after MI. Similar correlation with parameters of LV remodeling were found on Gd‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI. Healed infarcts showed no enhancement on Gd‐mesoporphyrin‐enhanced MRI.ConclusionContrast‐enhanced MRI can be used as a noninvasive method for determining the initial size of myocardial injury and predicting later LV remodeling. MRI demonstrates the structural and functional changes in infarct, peri‐infarct rim, and remote non‐infarcted myocardium. The complementary use of functional and contrast‐enhanced MRI may provide reliable assessment of therapeutic interventions to reduce IS and LV remodeling. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:633–640. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Small scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma with central scar: MR imaging findings
Authors: Goshima Satoshi , Kanematsu Masayuki , Yamada Tetsuya , Kondo Hiroshi , Matsuo Masayuki , Osada Shinji , Nakashima Osamu , Moriyama Noriyuki , Hoshi Hiroaki 
Published: November 2002

AbstractWe describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of a small scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma in a 74‐year‐old man. The initial MR imaging findings indicated that the tumor had a small central scar, which suggested the differential diagnoses of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and metastasis. A small scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma may have a central scar and should be included in the differential diagnoses for small hepatic masses with a central scar. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;16:741–745. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low level of p27(Kip1) protein expression in gastric adenocarcinoma is associated with disease progression and poor outcome
Authors: Nitti Donato , Belluco Claudio , Mammano Enzo , Marchet Alberto , Ambrosi Alessandro , Mencarelli Roberto , Segato Paola , Lise Mario 
Published: November 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLow tumor expression of the p27Kip1 protein, which is involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis, is considered a negative prognostic factor in different types of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological significance of low p27Kip1 protein expression in patients who had undergone resection for gastric adenocarcinoma.Methodsp27Kip1 protein was studied by immunohistochemistry in formalin‐fixed tumor sections from 95 patients who underwent resection for gastric adenocarcinoma between 1991 and 1996. Based on the median value of protein expression, p27Kip1 protein expression was classified as low or high.ResultsLow p27Kip1 protein expression was significantly associated with tumor de‐differentiation, increased penetration through the gastric wall, lymph node metastasis, and advanced tumor stage. In the group of 84 patients who underwent curative surgery, 5‐year survival was 74% in cases with high p27Kip1 protein expression and 38% in those with low p27Kip1 protein expression (P < 0.001). At multivariate analysis, low p27Kip1 protein expression was an independent negative prognostic factor for survival (RR = 3.671; P = 0.004).ConclusionsIn gastric adenocarcinoma, low p27Kip1 protein expression is associated with poorly differentiated and advanced tumors and is a negative prognostic factor of potential clinical value. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:167–176. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss. Inc.
Isolated limb perfusion with melphalan for femoral metastases of breast cancer: Case report
Authors: Noorda E.M. , Vrouenraets B.C. , Nieweg O.E. , Pinedo H.M. , Kroon B.B.R. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesComplications of bone destruction occur in 10–29% of breast cancer patients with skeletal metastases. Palliative treatment consists of systemic chemotherapy, hormonal treatment, radiotherapy, and/or surgery in the case of (impending) fracture. A case is presented where isolated limb perfusion was applied for this indication.MethodsA 43‐year‐old woman with extensive femoral metastases of breast cancer with impending fracture was treated with isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with melphalan. Radiotherapy had resulted only in pain reduction, and intramedullary fixation was opted against because stable fixation was considered not feasible due to the location of the metastases. ILP with high‐dose melphalan (10–20 times the amount that can be administered systemically) under normothermic (37–38°C) conditions, resulted in partial remission and reossification.ResultsOne year after ILP, until her death 2 years later, due to progressive metastases at other sites, the patient was able to bear weight again on her left leg.ConclusionsIn selected patients with symptomatic large bone metastases from breast cancer, and no other treatment options, ILP with melphalan may be used for successful palliation. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;81:209–212. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss. Inc.