bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Traumas and Triumphs in South Africa
Authors: Wolpert Stanley 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Their second son, Manilal, had been born in October 1892, barely six months before Gandhi so cavalierly steamed off again from Bombay, leaving him, Kasturba, and their four-year-old Harilal at home in Rajkot. Gandhi was no more of a chauvinist than most of his equally affluent Indian contemporaries, nor was he any less. Though Gandhi prided himself on having become his wife’ s teacher and guide, he also admitted that “our love could not yet be called free from lust.” Kasturba may well have felt more relieved to see him go than he was eager to be off again.
Chrysler’s Extended Enterprise: The Results
Authors: Dyer Jeffrey H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The quotation above from Automotive Industries reveals that Chrysler’s profit performance, beginning in 1993, hit levels never before seen in the U.S. automobile industry (at least in the last 25 years since Automotive Industries began tracking profitability). And 1993 was no fluke. In fact, Chrysler surpassed its 1993 profit per unit performance to achlieve record profits in 1994, 1996, and 1997 (1995 did not exceed 1993 but it was still more than 100 percent higher than what Chrysler had achieved in any year in the 1980s).
The Ultimate Company Town
Authors: Littlejohn David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Las Vegas Valley is a flat-a very flat-stretch of about 500 square miles of dry desert land surrounded by smooth, treeless brown mountains. In 1999 it was home to well over a million people. Projecting into the future the valley’s current rate of growth (there were about 1100,000 people here in 1980, 700,000 in 1990), the Nevada State demographer envisions two million people living in Las Vegas Valley by 2010. This prospect horrifies some residents, who insist that they will be long gone before the two-millionth citizen arrives, at the same time that it tantalizes real estate developers. These million or two million people arc or will be here-whether or not they realize or admit it-because of the Industry, as insiders tend to call it, the way people in Los Angeles refer to the companies that make movies and television films.
Organizing Las Vegas
Authors: Lampros Andrea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the northern end of the Las Vegas Strip, outside the frontier Hotel and Casino, five picketers sat on a brick landing with dog-eared “On Strike” signs propped between their knees, listening to salsa music on an old radio. Half a block down, four more workers listened to seventies soul on a beat-up boombox. Nearby, a taped message from the Culinary Union crack.led from a kiosk, appealing to tourists to support the strikers by refusing to enter the frontier.Across the wide street, a woman impatiently waited for a walk signal. She held a Starbucks iced coffee in one hand as she gestured towards the strikers with the other.
Skin City
Authors: Hansen Maia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As you drive into Las Vegas from the airport or the edges of town, it’s hard to miss the army of billboards that confronts you along every major road. Giant, garish images and verbal invitations promise free slots and cheap buffets, while larger-than-life lines of dancers grin from static poses above the freeways. Casino showrooms offer beautiful, near-naked showgirls in “Splash II” at the Riviera, “Enter the Night” at the Stardust, and “Folies Rergere” at the Tropicana. Showing a surplus of cleavage fore and aft, these dancers perform to sold-out houses where customers have paid up to fifty dollars a ticket.
Law And Disorder
Authors: World Heather 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gordon Dickie, director of security and surveillance at Harrah’s Hotel and Casino, slides a video cassette into a VCR in his windowless basement office. When he presses “Play,” the grainy black-andwhite surveillance film of the casino’s first and only armed robbery pops up on screen, with the date (4/24/!J4) and time (2:45 AM) noted in the corner.
The hope of progress
Authors: Barrow John P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We can look back over a century of unprecedented progress in most areas of practical achievement. Machines, medicines, education, computer systems, transport, ... the roster of achievements seems endless and relentless. Progress is undeniable, but what of the rate of progress. Is it accelerating or decelerating? Will our knowledge of Nature continue to grow? Or could it eventually slow to a trickle? Present theories of physics lead us to believe that there are surprisingly few fundamental laws of Nature.
On The Translation
Authors: Sleigh Tom , Wolff Christian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I wanted a line that could embody swift shifts in mood and thought, whose nimbleness and speed kept pace with the play’s sudden reversals and disasters. In the speeches, generally used a pentameter-based line frequently broken up into smaller units and a trimeter-based line for the choruses. When the original or my English demanded it, I’ve broken with this scheme, particularly in the alternating, single lines of dialogue known as stichomythia. (In the case of turnover lines, short turnover lines are aligned flush right. To avoid long turnover lines, I’ve indented the entire line to the left so that the line can fit within the bounds of the right margin.)
Geoffrey Wainwright:Teacher, Scholar, Churchman
Authors: Tripp David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To know Geoffrey Wainwright is to know a man whose life and work are unified. A Yorkshire Methodist, Geoffrey is the heir of a vigorous and determined culture; of a sporting tradition (cricket) in which teamwork, tradition, and individual responsibility are inseparable; and of a style of Christianity that prefers consistency to compromise. This inheritance alone does not explain Geoffrey; but all who know him at all must know that he has made this inheritance his own. All of it, cricket included, has been forged into his theological discipline.
Geoffrey Wainwright was born at Monk Bretton in the West Riding on July 16, 1939 to Willie and Martha Anne (“Mattie”) Wainwright. From the Barnsley District Holgate Grammar School (a “high school,” in American terms, and one dating from Reformation times), he went up in 1957 to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, to read Modern Languages and, after proceeding to the B.A. in 1960 (M.A., 1964), Part III of the Theological Tripos.
The Lex Grandi in Recent Protestant Theology
Authors: Kay James F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Geoffrey Wainwright states that his book Doxology: The Praise of God in W orig ship, Doctrine and Life was “primarily intended” to be “a systematic theology written from a liturgical perspective.” Its publication in 1980 also prompted Wainwright’s observation that he knew of no other “complete systematic theology deliberately composed” with “the links between worship and doctrine” in mind. Doxology attempted to meld the traditionally Protestant genre of systematic theology with the Orthodox, Roman, and Anglo-Catholic traditions of theological reflection on the liturgy. Wainwright himself signaled the experimental nature of this attempt by characterizing his book as an “essay [to] encourage other systematic theologians to make more sustained use of this approach.” He added, “One of my purposes in writing has been to rescue the interplay of worship and doctrinewith both its problems and its opportunities-as an area of interest for Protestant theology.” In the intervening years, Protestant systematic theologians have, in fact, increasingly ventured appeals to worship in articulating Christian teaching. While it is too early to tell whether this development will become a trend, it certainly merits our examination; and it already represents an ecumenical enrichment for theology.
Theology and Prayer: An Orthodox
Authors: Lossky Nicholas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In offering an essay in honor of Geoffrey Wainwright, it seems appropriate to attempt a reflection, however modest, on the relation between theology and prayer. Coming from an Orthodox theologian, and a Western one at that, it will naturally endeavor to respond to what Geoffrey has written on the subject and to be true to the Orthodox perspective on the subject of the Latin adage Lex orandi, lex credendi.
The very mention of this adage immediately calls for a remark from an Orthodox point of view. When we say Lex orandi, lex credendi, it seems indispensable to add at once Lex credendi, lex orandi---or better, echoing Pope Pius XII, Lex credendi statuit legem orandi. Indeed, if we remain with the traditional saying, without correcting it by adding its converse, we run the risk of finding (as we do in the history of the Church) that sometimes certain local liturgical customs may beget heretical doctrine. One example of such deviation-apart from that of the Arians and others quoted by Professor Wainwright in his article “Lex orandi, lex credendi” in the Dictionary of the Ecumenical Movement, is the “Adoptionist” heresy in eighth-century Spain. The Spanish theologians who defended the idea that Christ was the “adopted Son of God” were referring to their liturgical tradition, which contained this phrase. The relation between the rule of prayer and the rule of faith must therefore be a two-way relation. Before explaining this in detail, however, it seems necessary to reflect upon the nature of theology-and also, of course, upon certain aspects of the nature of prayer.
A NewLook At The Theology Of The Pastoral Offices
Authors: Stuhlman Byron D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the early Christian centuries, the Church developed a liturgical theology of its principal rites of worship ( the eucharist, the rites of initiation, and the daily office). All of these liturgies found their meaning in the paschal mystery. But toward the end of the Christian antiquity, the theology of the paschal mystery began to be displaced by the theology of the sacraments.
Presbyters’ Ordination “Vows” In The Wesleyan Family Of Churches
Authors: Tripp David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Tomorrow I shall say to you, wilt thou, wilt thou, wilt thou? But there will come a day to you when another will say to you, hast thou, hast thou, hastthou ?” -so Bishop Charles Gore addressed his ordinands during their retreat with him on the eve of their ordination. “During his second year at Boston [University School of Theology], Norman [Vincent Peale] was ordained. He promised, as did all Methodist clergymen, to keep out of debt and avoid all use of tobacco” -which would give the impression, to any reader who did not know otherwise, that these were ordination vows! These two passages illustrate, first, something of the pen, etrating spirituality attaching to the ordination examination inherited by the Wesleyan family of Churches from their Anglican origin; and second, something of the confusion in Methodist folklore as to the association of “vows” with progression into ministry.
Reordering Salvation:Church As The Proper Context For An Evangelical Ordo Salutis
Authors: Work Telford 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Geoffrey Wainwright is one of those Christian theologians who practice Christian theology where it demands to be practiced: firmly from within the context of the gathered and worshiping Church of Jesus Christ. He has consistently worked to develop the same practices among his students and friends, whether they be in the academy, the mission field, the pulpit, or the bishop’s chair; and he has long resisted the secularization and privatization of mainline Protestant theology. My mentor makes the practice of churchly and academic theology look natural and easy-like the graceful blend of physical and mental exercise that is a professional game of cricket.
Is jesus still lord?:Lesslie N ewbigin on the Place of Christ in Trinitarian Ecclesiology
Authors: Butin Philip W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the winter and spring of 1994, a remarkable written exchange took place between two highly influential figures in the world ecumenical movement: Lesslie Newbigin, former Bishop of the Church of South India, and Konrad Raiser,2 the recently installed general secretary of the World Council of Churches. The occasion for the exchange was Newbigin’s sharply critical review of Raiser’s programmatic book, Ecumenism in Transition: A Paradigm Shift in the Ecumenical Movement?. This review was published in the International Bulletin of Missionary Research under the title “Ecumenical Amnesia.”4 The two were agreed that the fresh articulation and appropriation of a thoroughly trinitarian ecclesiology was crucial for the future of the ecumenical movement. But the exchange illustrated significantly differing emphases between the two, both with respect to the understanding of the Trinity itself, and also regarding the specific lines along which such a trinitarian ecclesiology would be developed. At particular issue in the exchange, according to Bishop Newbigin, was the lordship of Christ-how it was to be construed within trinitarian ecclesiology, and its significance for the future of world ecumenism. Raiser intended Ecumenism in Transition to address the growing uncertainty that had characterized the ecumenical movement over the previous several decades.
Salvation In Recent Faith And Order Documents
Authors: Gassmann Gunther 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Christian faith is, above all other things, a faith grounded in, illuminated by, and responding to a saving and transforming event. It is not primarily concerned with providing people with a special and higher knowledge about themselves and the world. Rather, the Christian belief in God the creator, incarnate in God the Son, awakening such belief in human beings through God the Holy Spirit, is-in all its dimensions and aspects-a belief marked by the dynamics of the divine purpose and action toward redemption, renewal, and fulfilment. The Christian faith is a soteriological faith; it is about salvation. This faith is offered to all people, individually and corporately, as the ground of a new existence in communion with God and with fellow believers. Of course, not every aspect of the body of Christian beliefs can be pressed into a soteriological scheme. Here, Wolfhart Pannenberg’s warning is certainly appropriate: one cannot make soteriology determinative of Christology (as was done by Schleiermacher or Tillich, for whom Christology is merely a function of soteriology).1Still, it remains true that if the soteriological dimension-the announcement of God’s intervention in favor of the salvation of individuals and humanity-is completely absent from theological reflection on any aspect of the Christian faith, then something essentially Christian is missing. With his thoroughgoing focus on the sacramental nature of the Christian faith, Geoffrey Wainwright has persistently drawn attention to this soteriological basis of the faith: the Triune God’s communication of salvation through-to use my Lutheran language-the “means of grace.” And with his equally persistent focus on the liturgical-doxological nature of the Christian faith, he has drawn attention to the Church’s joyful response to God’s gratuitous gift of salvation.
TheChallenge Of Convincing Unbelievers That The Bible Is The Word Of God
Authors: Bame Michael Bame 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the past five decades or so, some biblical critics have made remorseless efforts to refute the orthodox claim that the Holy Scriptures are the inspired word of God. Their arguments have, however, had little impact on the fundamental role the Scriptures play in the life of the Church. Today, as ever before, the Scriptures remain the source from which the Church derives her preaching, teaching, and doctrine. Conservatives, liberals, and fundamentalists equally turn to the Scriptures to find support for their particular interpretation of the Christian faith.
Spirituality, Worship, Confession, and Church Unity: A Story from South Africa
Authors: Smit Dirk J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We met in 1981 at Union Theological Seminary in New York. Professor Wainwright spent almost a whole day as my host, showing me around and talking theology. Grateful and impressed, I immediately bought and read Doxology. In 1984 I spent a three-month sabbatical with him in Durham. He invited me to give a public lecture on the (then Draft) Confession of Belhar of the (then) Dutch Reformed Mission Church of South Africa. Since then he has, through his writings, constantly accompanied, instructed, and inspired me and many of my colleagues, friends, and students. Since I have not had the opportunity to spend more time in his company, discussing theology, this is perhaps an opportunity to continue with the story of Belhar, indicating where he has inspired and assisted us since then, without his knowledge.
Gnosis, Narrative, and the Occasion of Repentance
Authors: Jeffrey David L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Among scholars and critics of “primary narrative,” it is widely recognized that the emergence to prominence of literary theory over “explication de texte” despite certain evident attractions, carries with it a disturbing proclivity to occlude the texts that were once, ostensibly, theory’s justification. One may confirm this readily in such theorizing as one now associates with figures as widely various in their focus as Gadamer, Barthes, Derrida, Eagleton, and Lacan. But it is important also to recognize that this general displacement is not unprecedented; it holds much in common with usurpation of authority from the narratives that traditionally bear it in other eras. One thinks here not only of Marxism, as one might recently have first imagined, but also more anciently, of Neoplatonist systems of all kinds. Embarrassment with biblical narrative and flight from its “shameful simplicities” (the phrase is Augustine’s) is highly visible in Philo Judaeus and Origen, for example, each of whose method of dealing with primary biblical narrative is antireahst, prophylactic, and cultivating of what we may call, in the informal sense, an elite gnosis. And it may be, as some would argue, that the reflex of allegorism in late antiquity and the Middle Ages is but one pulse of a historical dialectic for which we might find analogues in any textual tradition.
Hagiography and Hindu Historical Consciousness
Authors: Carman John B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Naipaul seems to be harking back to a Western view more commonly and boldly stated in the nineteenth century-that India has no history. Even in a book published in 1900, the professor of Sanskrit at Oxford, A. A. Macdonell, could say, “Early India wrote no history because it never made any.”2 This charge picks up both sides of the usual Western concept of history: both the events that have happened and the recounting of these events in some connected way that brings out their meaning. To say that ancient Indians did not compose histories is a serious charge, suggesting a marked peculiarity of their civilization, but to say that early India made no history is to say that this was a human community among whom nothing significant happened. This is the most dismissive form of Western scholarly judgment, and it was made by a professor who knew perfectly well that there was a Sanskrit equivalent for “history.” Like the German word Geschichte or the Dutch word geschiedenis, the Sanskrit term itihasa stresses the objective side of history: it is “what happened.” Naipaul’s reaction to Indian history has a different emotional base. Indeed, the words I quoted come just after a statement that twenty years after British withdrawal from India, “India has almost faded out of British consciousness: the Raj was an expression of the English involvement with themselves rather than with the country they ruled.”3 He certainly thinks that something had happened in India and was continuing to happen, but he believes Indians have shielded themselves from contemplating the ruin of the past and the misery of the present in what he calls “fantasy and fatalism.”
Narrative Theology from an Evangelical Perspective
Authors: Fackre Gabriel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Observation on the many meanings of “narrative” are a commonplace of narratology. And with reason. The variety of disciplines and fields of interest from which commentary on it now rises is striking, as is the diversity of points of view within each discipline and field. The extent to which the various perspectives have or have not taken one another into account makes a good story in itself. “Narrative theology,” a subset of the larger narrative discussion, has the same variety and diversity. With it has come a predictable interest in sorting out its types and models. A current typology is the division of narrative theology into the views of Hans Frei and Paul Ricoeur, “biblical narrative” and “story theology,” “pure narrative” and “impure narrative,” or against the background of larger questions of theological method, the cultural-linguistic versus the experiential-expressivist approaches (also identified as the “post-liberal” and “revisionist” options).1 One of the characteristics of current typology-making-including this one-is the absence of a tradition that has been the mother of narrative sensibility for large sections of the nineteenth- and twentieth-century church. I am referring to what I shall call “evangelical narrative.” One of the ironies of this absence, incidentally, is the prominent role C. S. Lewis, a mentor to many evangelicals, plays in the larger literary discussion of narrative.
Living within a Text
Authors: Wolterstorff Nicholas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This passage, though it occurs in a “secular” study of the origins of realism in Western literature, has had a deep impact on the reflections and recommendations by Christian theologians in recent years concerning the role of the Bible in the Christian community. The theologians I have in mind include, but are not limited to, those who belong to the so-called Yale school of theology.
Into History
Authors: Harris Paul William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rufus Anderson continued to serve as a corresponding secretary with the A.B.C.F.M. for another decade after the clashes of 1856, and he remained a member of the Prudential Committee until 1875, after which he spent another five years as an emeritus member. However, the great creative period of his career was over. His policies had carried the day and would continue to dominate missionary practice for a generation. Furious opposition to the work of the Deputation to India had not caused Anderson to modify his views in the slightest, but it had convinced him that the American evangelical public little understood or appreciated the business of foreign missions. His career therefore took a turn toward authorship in his later years, as Anderson sought to record the lessons of his experience and educate the constituency of the American Board. The opportunity to write his own history allowed Anderson to influence missionary discourse in ways that long outlasted his specific policies.
Inner Privacy and Fallen Embodiment
Authors: Cary Phillip 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At Cassiciacum Augustine had tried to find something immutable about the soul, while deferring consideration of its Fall. In his mature Christian Platonism he reverses this, emphasizing the Fall of the soul and firmly denying that the soul is immutable or divine. Within two years of Cassiciacum he explicitly rejects the divinity of the soul, then proceeds to work out a powerful Plotinian doctrine of its Fall. His mature brand of inwardness takes shape within the constraints of this modified Neoplatonist framework. Plotinus’s inward turn, with a Plotinian Fall but without the divinity of the soul, yields Augustine’s notion of the private inner space. Or to put the equation more positively: a Plotinian inward turn plus a Plotinian doctrine of the Fall plus an orthodox Christian distinction between creature and Creator results in the concept of the individual soul as its own space, distinct from the divine intelligible world and separated from other souls.