bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Make your future job matter: A career calling intervention for college students
Authors: Beloborodova Polina , Leontiev Dmitry 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, career development scholars and practitioners are increasingly interested in the concept of career calling. However, the psychological mechanisms underlying the process of its discernment remain obscure, and intervention research is scarce. In this study, we implemented a quasi‐experimental pretest–posttest design with intervention (n = 42) and control group (n = 66) to test a 9‐week elective course designed to help college students find their callings. The course included an investigation of strengths, values, and interests, followed by their integration into personal mission and finding occupations that allowed to implement that mission in real life (potential callings). The study was conducted in a major Russian university located in Moscow. Be the end of the course, the participants had a stronger sense of calling, perceived more meaning, and felt more authentic. The results of this study can be used by university career services, as well as private counselors.
Heterostructured nickel–cobalt metal alloy and metal oxide nanoparticles as a polysulfide mediator for stable lithium–sulfur full batteries with lean electrolyte
Authors: Park Hyeona , Lee Suyeong , Kim Hyerim , Park Hyunyoung , Kim Hun , Kim Jongsoon , Agostini Marco , Sun Yang‐Kook , Hwang Jang‐Yeon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBatteries that utilize low‐cost elemental sulfur and light metallic lithium as electrodes have great potential in achieving high energy density. However, building a lithium–sulfur (Li–S) full battery by controlling the electrolyte volume generally produces low practical energy because of the limited electrochemical Li–S redox. Herein, the high energy/high performance of a Li–S full battery with practical sulfur loading and minimum electrolyte volume is reported. A unique hybrid architecture configured with Ni–Co metal alloy (NiCo) and metal oxide (NiCoO2) nanoparticles heterogeneously anchored in carbon nanotube‐embedded self‐standing carbon matrix is fabricated as a host for sulfur. This work demonstrates the considerable improvement that the hybrid structure's high conductivity and satisfactory porosity promote the transport of electrons and lithium ions in Li–S batteries. Through experimental and theoretical validations, the function of NiCo and NiCoO2 nanoparticles as an efficient polysulfide mediator is established. These particles afford polysulfide anchoring and catalytic sites for Li–S redox reaction, thus improving the redox conversion reversibility. Even at high sulfur loading, the nanostructured Ni–Co metal alloy and metal oxide enable to have stable cycling performance under lean electrolyte conditions both in half‐cell and full‐cell batteries using a graphite anode.
Enhancing electromagnetic wave absorption with core‐shell structured SiO2@MXene@MoS2 nanospheres
Authors: Jiang Xuewen , Wang Qian , Song Limeng , Lu Hongxia , Xu Hongliang , Shao Gang , Wang Hailong , Zhang Rui , Wang Changan , Fan Bingbing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaterial composition and structural design are important factors influencing the electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance of materials. To alleviate the impedance mismatch attributed to the high dielectric constant of Ti3C2Tx MXene, we have successfully synthesized core‐shell structured SiO2@MXene@MoS2 nanospheres. This architecture, comprising SiO2 as the core, MXene as the intermediate layer, and MoS2 as the outer shell, is achieved through an electrostatic self‐assembly method combined with a hydrothermal process. This complex core‐shell structure not only provides a variety of loss mechanisms that effectively dissipate electromagnetic energy but also prevents self‐aggregation of MXene and MoS2 nanosheets. Notably, the synergistic combination of SiO2 and MoS2 with highly conductive MXene enables the suitable dielectric constant of the composites, ensuring optimal impedance matching. Therefore, the core‐shell structured SiO2@MXene@MoS2 nanospheres exhibit excellent EMW absorption performance, featuring a remarkable minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −52.11 dB (2.4 mm). It is noteworthy that these nanospheres achieve an ultra‐wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.72 GHz. This work provides a novel approach for designing and synthesizing high‐performance EMW absorbers characterized by “wide bandwidth and strong reflection loss.”
Treatment of wastewater containing ciprofloxacin using the hybrid treatment approach based on acoustic cavitation
Authors: Lakshmi N. J. , Iyer A. M. , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present work investigates the treatment of wastewater containing an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), using acoustic cavitation (AC) coupled with other advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). For the laboratory scale degradation study, operating parameters like drug concentration, operating pH, and initial temperature were initially optimized and then used in hybrid approach of AC in combination with AOPs. At 15 m/L initial drug concentration, neutral pH of 7, and ambient temperature of 30°C, optimum CIP degradation of 13.66% was obtained within 120 min of operation. The intensification of the AC‐based approach was subsequently achieved using other oxidants like H2O2, potassium persulphate (KPS), and O3. The combination of AC with H2O2 and KPS resulted in 44.30% and 35.41% CIP degradation, respectively, while AC combined with ozone resulted in almost complete degradation of CIP within 90 min of treatment with a maximum cavitational yield of 4.761 × 10−6 mg/J. The cost estimation for the optimized treatment approaches revealed that AC combined with ozone is the best process for degradation with the least operational cost of 8.7 Rs/L (105 US $/m3). Complete degradation of CIP with AC + O3 based approach at much lower costs opens a window for implementation in the pharmaceutical industries.
A phenomenological comparison of auditory hallucinations between borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia: A systematic review
Authors: Tseng Shih‐Ting , Georgiades Anna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveBorderline personality disorder (BPD) with auditory hallucinations (AHs) may inadvertently be misdiagnosed with a primary psychotic disorder, such as schizophrenia (SZ). This misidentification can lead to challenges in providing effective psychological treatment. This review therefore aims to identify the phenomenological characteristics of AHs in BPD in comparison to SZ, as well as psychological interventions that explicitly target AHs in BPD.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to summarise the existing evidence base regarding the phenomenological similarities and differences of AHs in BPD and SZ, along with the identification of psychological interventions for AHs in BPD.ResultsEighteen studies were eligible for inclusion. Compared to the SZ group, BPD clients were characterised by more persistent and repetitive AHs, significantly more voice‐related distress and appraisals of omnipotence, and an earlier age of onset of AHs. The BPD group also reported more severe depression and anxiety, a higher incidence of childhood trauma, and more negative self‐schema. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Coping Strategy Enhancement (CBT‐CSE) might be a promising intervention to reduce AH‐related distress in BPD, although further studies are required to determine its effectiveness.ConclusionIn order to prevent misdiagnosis of AHs in BPD, the DSM‐5 may need to acknowledge the broader and more frequent occurrence of psychosis symptoms in BPD clients. Such clarification may enhance diagnostic practices and facilitate more timely access to treatment. There is also a need to develop and trial psychological interventions that explicitly target AHs in BPD.
Expanding the cross‐cultural validity of the Enright Forgiveness Inventory short form
Authors: Song Jacqueline Y. , Lustosa Romulo , Rique Julio , Klatt John , Yu Lifan , Mandurah Nahlah , Kim Jichan J. , Enright Robert D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research assessed the cross‐cultural validity and internal consistency of the Enright Forgiveness Inventory short form (EFI‐30). A total of 1677 people across four countries (United States, the Philippines, China and Saudi Arabia) participated in the study. Data analysis relied on multigroup confirmatory factor analysis and assessments of internal consistency. The results indicated that the EFI‐30 has the same structure and factor loadings in the four countries and that internal consistency for the EFI‐30 factors was >0.80 in the four countries. The discrimination values suggest that the instrument can differentiate people with different levels of forgiveness. The analyses in this study indicate that the EFI‐30 is a valid and reliable assessment of cognition, behaviour and affect related to forgiveness in the United States, the Philippines, China and Saudi Arabia. Clinicians working in these countries can confidently use this shorter version of the EFI to measure forgiveness.
A systematic review of the relationship between generic and specific metacognitive beliefs and emotion dysregulation: A metacognitive model of emotion dysregulation
Authors: Mansueto Giovanni , Jarach Alessandro , Caselli Gabriele , Ruggiero Giovanni Maria , Sassaroli Sandra , Nikčević Ana , Spada Marcantonio M. , Palmieri Sara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough a probable association between metacognitive beliefs (also termed ‘metacognitions’) and emotion dysregulation has been suggested in the literature, the evidence is still sparse and inconclusive. The current study aims to present a comprehensive evaluation of the literature examining the association between metacognitive beliefs and emotion dysregulation. In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, a search was conducted on PubMed and Ebsco. A manual search of reference lists was also run. Search terms were ‘metacognitions/metacognitive beliefs/positive metacognitive beliefs/negative metacognitive beliefs/cognitive self‐consciousness/beliefs about the need to control thoughts/cognitive confidence/negative beliefs about thoughts concerning uncontrollability and danger/AND difficulties emotion regulation/emotion dysregulation’. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. In both non‐clinical and clinical populations, a higher endorsement of dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs was found to be associated with emotion dysregulation and vice versa. A higher endorsement of metacognitive beliefs may be associated, either directly or via maladaptive forms of mental control (e.g., worry, rumination and suppression) to emotion dysregulation. Metacognitive beliefs could be the potential therapeutic target in clinical interventions aimed at reducing emotion regulation difficulties.
Density Gradient Centrifugation‐Independent Purification of Human Basophils
Authors: Gray Natalie , Wiebe Daniela , Weihrauch Tobias , Raap Ulrike , Limberg Maren M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBasophils represent the rarest type of granulocyte in human peripheral blood. Thus, researching basophils has historically been challenging and has often been reliant on enrichment protocols using density gradient centrifugation. This article describes a novel, fast, and cost‐effective method to purify highly viable human basophils from peripheral blood through negative immunomagnetic selection, foregoing the density centrifugation step in the Basic Protocol. The technique is easy to use and consistently produces purities >96%. Furthermore, the Support Protocols describe procedures to determine basophil yield, purity, and viability, and how to investigate functional activity of the purified basophils through flow cytometry and visualize the basophils through microscopy. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Gradient centrifugation‐independent basophil isolationSupport Protocol 1: Flow cytometry staining to assess basophil yield, purity, and viabilitySupport Protocol 2: Giemsa stainingSupport Protocol 3: Calcium flux analysisSupport Protocol 4: Basophil activation test
A Blueprint for Secondary Coordination Sphere Editing: Approaches Toward Lewis‐Acid Assisted Carbon Dioxide Co‐Activation
Authors: Durfy Connor S. , Zurakowski Joseph A. , Drover Marcus W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) is a potent greenhouse gas of environmental concern. Seeking to offer a solution to the “CO2‐problem”, the chemistry community has turned a focus toward transition metal complexes which can activate, reduce, and convert CO2 into carbon‐based products. The design of such systems involves judicious selection of both metal and accompanying donor ligand; in part, these efforts are motivated by biological metalloenzymes that undertake similar transformations. As a design element, metal‐ligand cooperativity, which leverages intramolecular interactions between a transition metal and an adjacent secondary ligand site, has been acknowledged as a vitally important component by the CO2 activation community. These systems offer a “push‐pull” style of activation where electron density is chaperoned onto CO2 with an accompanying electrophile, such as a Lewis‐acid, playing the role of acceptor. This pairing allows for the stabilization of reactive CxHyOz‐containing intermediates and can bias CO2 product selectivity. In the laboratory, chemists can test hypotheses and ideas, enabling rationalization of why a given pairing of transition metal/Lewis‐acid leads to selective CO2 reduction outcomes. This Concept identifies literature examples and highlights key design properties, allowing interested contributors to design, create, and implement novel systems for productive transformations of a small molecule (CO2) with huge potential impact.
Assessing the motivational value of infant video clips on chimpanzees through discrimination learning task
Authors: Kawaguchi Yuri , Tomonaga Masaki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe motivational value of visual infant stimuli in humans is considered to encourage parental behavior. To explore the evolutionary roots of this preference for infants, we examined the reward value of conspecific infant videos compared to adult ones in nine chimpanzees. We employed a novel approach, a simultaneous discrimination task with differential sensory reinforcement. In Experiments 1 and 2, we tested if watching conspecific infant videos is more rewarding than watching adult ones. Participants were required to discriminate between two visual stimuli by a touch panel task. In video reward trials, a video clip featuring a chimpanzee infant followed a correct choice, while one featuring an adult followed an incorrect choice. However, the percentage of correct choices did not significantly differ from chance except in one chimpanzee, indicating that chimpanzees did not exhibit a preference for watching infant videos over those of adult. In Experiment 3, we tested if chimpanzees prefer conspecific videos over a blank screen; however, we did not find evidence either at a group level. These results suggest that the incentive salience of infant stimuli may not be universally compelling across species. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of the task using sensory reinforcement.
Layered double hydroxides‐based Z‐scheme heterojunction for photocatalysis
Authors: Ding Guixiang , Wang Zhaoqiang , Zhang Juntao , Wang Peng , Chen Lihui , Liao Guangfu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDHs)‐based photocatalysts have generated widespread interest owing to their great potential for solving both energy and environmental issues through directly converting nonconsumable solar energy. Numerous methods have been investigated and analyzed in recent years to promote the photocatalytic efficiency of LDHs. Z‐scheme heterojunction that mimics the artificial photosynthesis is employed in photocatalysis owing to the outstanding advantages, such as high quantum efficiency, separation of redox sites, and low recombination of photocarriers. Herein, various LDHs‐based Z‐scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are briefly reviewed. Z‐scheme heterojunction associated with LDHs‐based materials exhibit high photocatalysis performance, and these types of hybrids are applied in photocatalytic H2O splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollution degradation, which are introduced and summarized in detail. In the end, a brief conclusion focused on future challenges and expectations of LDH‐based Z‐scheme photocatalytic system is presented. We expect that more advances for LDH‐based Z‐scheme photocatalyst can be achieved in the field of photocatalysis in the coming days.
Potential extinction cascades in a desert ecosystem: Linking food web interactions to community viability
Authors: Eichenwald Adam J. , Fefferman Nina H. , Reed J. Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDesert communities are threatened with species loss due to climate change, and their resistance to such losses is unknown. We constructed a food web of the Mojave Desert terrestrial community (300 nodes, 4080 edges) to empirically examine the potential cascading effects of bird extinctions on this desert network, compared to losses of mammals and lizards. We focused on birds because they are already disappearing from the Mojave, and their relative thermal vulnerabilities are known. We quantified bottom‐up secondary extinctions and evaluated the relative resistance of the community to losses of each vertebrate group. The impact of random bird species loss was relatively low compared to the consequences of mammal (causing the greatest number of cascading losses) or reptile loss, and birds were relatively less likely to be in trophic positions that could drive top‐down effects in apparent competition and tri‐tropic cascade motifs. An avian extinction cascade with year‐long resident birds caused more secondary extinctions than the cascade involving all bird species for randomized ordered extinctions. Notably, we also found that relatively high interconnectivity among avian species has formed a subweb, enhancing network resistance to bird losses.
Effect of ecological and anthropogenic factors on grouping patterns in African lions across Kenya
Authors: Chege Mumbi , Bertola Laura D. , De Snoo Geert R. , Ngene Shadrack , Otieno Tobias , Amoke Irene , van 't Zelfde Maarten , Dolrenry Stephanie , Broekhuis Femke , Tamis Will , De Iongh Hans H. , Elliot Nicholas B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial carnivores frequently live in fission–fusion societies, where individuals that share a common territory or home range may be found alone, in subgroups, or altogether. Absolute group size and subgroup size is expected to vary according to resource distribution, but for species that are susceptible to anthropogenic pressures, other factors may be important drivers. African lions (Panthera leo) are the only truly social felid and lion prides are characterized by fission–fusion dynamics with social groups frequently splitting and reforming, and subgroup membership can change continuously and frequently. The number of individuals in a group can be reflective of social, ecological, and anthropogenic conditions. This dynamic behavior makes understanding lion grouping patterns crucial for tailoring conservation measures. The evolution of group living in lions has been the topic of numerous studies, and we drew on these to formulate hypotheses relating to group size and subgroup size variation. Based on data collected from 199 lion groups across eight sites in Kenya, we found that group sizes were smaller when lions were closer to human settlements, suggesting that edge effects are impacting lions at a national scale. Smaller groups were also more likely when they were far from water, and were associated with very low and very high levels of non‐tree vegetation. We found significant differences between the study sites, with the Maasai Mara having the largest groups (mean ± SD = 7.7 ± 4.7, range = 1–19), and Amboseli conservation area the smallest (4.3 ± 3.5, range = 1–14). While long‐term studies within a single site are well suited to thoroughly differentiate between absolute group size and subgroup size, our study provides unique insight into the correlates of grouping patterns in a vulnerable species at a national scale.
Validating a molecular clock for nudibranchs—No fossils to the rescue
Authors: Layton Kara K. S. , Wilson Nerida G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTime calibrated phylogenies are typically reconstructed with fossil information but for soft‐bodied marine invertebrates that lack hard parts, a fossil record is lacking. In these cases, biogeographic calibrations or the rates of divergence for related taxa are often used. Although nudibranch phylogenies have advanced with the input of molecular data, no study has derived a divergence rate for this diverse group of invertebrates. Here, we use an updated closure date for the Isthmus of Panama (2.8 Ma) to derive the first divergence rates for chromodorid nudibranchs using multigene data from a geminate pair with broad phylogeographic sampling. Examining the species Chromolaichma sedna (Marcus & Marcus, 1967), we uncover deep divergences among eastern Pacific and western Atlantic clades and we erect a new species designation for the latter (Chromolaichma hemera sp. nov.). Next, we discover extensive phylogeographic structure within C. hemera sp. nov. sensu lato, thereby refuting the hypothesis of a recent introduction. Lastly, we derive divergence rates for mitochondrial and nuclear loci that exceed known rates for other gastropods and we highlight significant rate heterogeneity both among markers and taxa. Together, these findings improve understanding of nudibranch systematics and provide rates useful to apply to divergence scenarios in this diverse group.
Fault current limiter principle by switching magnetic circuit
Authors: Tsukima Mitsuru , Hatauchi Yamato 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSeveral types of fault current limiters have been studied so far, including superconductor based one or nonsuperconductor based one. However, it is difficult to satisfy all requirements for cost, maintainability, and current limiting performance. This study proposes another type of fault current limiter, variable transformer based one. It is supposed to be less expensive and easier to be maintained since it is based on the conventional transformer, and to be expected better current limiting performance since the magnetic circuit of the transformer is drastically changed. The magnetic circuit of the transformer is switched to be opened and to produce another one by shifting a portion of its iron core mechanically, allowing the primary and secondary electric circuit to be magnetically isolated. In that way, the electromotive force of the secondary winding could be reduced so that the secondary current could be limited. The prototype based on this concept was designed and built up, and its stational performance has been investigated. As a result, it was confirmed that the prototype shows good current limiting performances identical to the results of the previous FE analysis. Furthermore, the prototype was connected to the operating mechanism to investigate the transient performances, and as a result, satisfying current limiting performances are confirmed
Keratinocytes in the pathogenesis, phenotypic switch, and relapse of psoriasis
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Lai Yuping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough biologics have achieved tremendous success in the treatment of psoriasis and revolutionized the clinical management of the disease, certain issues arise during treatments, including the phenotypic switch from psoriasis to other skin disorders and the recurrence of psoriasis after the cessation of biologic treatment. Here we provide a concise overview of the roles of keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, elucidate the involvement of keratinocytes in the phenotypic switch and relapse of psoriasis, and address the challenges encountered in both basic and clinical research on psoriasis.