bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory of pain threshold and its association with acute pain after thoracic surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Wang Fei , Ou Meng-Chan , Zhu Yi-Hao , Zhu Tao , Hao Xue-Chao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative analgesic management is an ongoing challenge. The pain threshold (PT) is an objective index that reflects the body’s sensitivity to pain and can be used for quantitative pain assessment. We hypothesized that the PT is correlated with postoperative pain and can thus be used to guide postoperative pain management.

Methods
This study involved 93 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery from December 2019 to February 2020. The PT was measured with transcutaneous electrical stimulation before surgery (T0) and at 1 h (T1), 6 h (T6), and 24 h (T24) after surgery. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to evaluate the severity of postoperative pain at the same time. The PT variation (PTV) after surgery was calculated as the ratio of the postoperative PT to preoperative PT.

Results
The postoperative PT was higher than the preoperative PT and showed a downward trend within 24 h after surgery; the PTV also showed a downward trend within 24 h after surgery. PT-T1 was negatively correlated with VAS-T1 at rest and during motion (rest: VAS-T1r = − 0.274, P = 0.008; motion: VAS-T1r = − 0.298, P = 0.004). PTV-T1 was negatively correlated with VAS-T1 during motion (r = − 0.213, P = 0.04). Lower VAS-T1 scores (< 4) at rest and during motion were associated with higher PT-T1 (rest: t = 2.452, P = 0.016; motion: t = 2.138, P = 0.035). The intraoperative sufentanil dose was associated with a postoperative increase in PTV-T1. Increased rescue analgesic administration was associated with PTV elevation. However, the incidence of dizziness in patients with moderate PTV-T24 was lower than that in patients with high or low PTV-T24 (χ2 = 8.297, P = 0.015).

Conclusions
The postoperative PT was higher than the preoperative PT and showed a downward trend within 24 h after surgery; PTV also showed a downward trend within 24 h after surgery. The PT and PTV were negatively correlated with the pain intensity at rest and during motion and were associated with perioperative analgesic consumption and the incidence of adverse events.
Riemann problem for a $2\times 2$ hyperbolic system with time-gradually-degenerate damping
Authors: Li Shiwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper is focused on the Riemann problem for a $2\times 2$
2
×
2
hyperbolic system of conservation laws with a time-gradually-degenerate damping. Two kinds of non-self-similar solutions involving the delta-shocks and vacuum are obtained using the variable substitution method. The generalized Rankine-Hugoniot relation and entropy condition are clarified for the delta-shock. Furthermore, the vanishing viscosity method proves the existence, uniqueness, and stability of non-self-similar solutions.
Social media and partnership jointly alleviate caregivers’ psychological distress: exploring the effects of online and offline connectedness
Authors: Ao Song Harris , Zhang Luxi , Liu Piper Liping , Zhao Xinshu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of caregiving in the United States has increased from 16.6% to 19.2% during the period between 2015 and 2020. Caregivers play a critical public health role post-pandemic and as the population ages. However, caregiving can be detrimental to the health of caregivers. Many studies have shown that communication and connectedness are effective forms of health intervention for caregivers, but how this can be achieved requires further investigation.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the indirect effect of caregiving on problems of alcohol drinking through psychological distress. Moreover, this study aimed to provide initial evidence of the distinct effects of online and offline communication and connectedness on caregivers' well-being.

Methods
The predictions were evaluated by examining responses to the Health Information National Trends Survey 2020 (n = 3,865). A mediation analysis was conducted to test the mediating effect of psychological distress on the association between caregiving and alcohol drinking. A second-level moderation analysis was performed. The online communication and connectedness, social media use for health, and the offline type, marital or romantic partnership, were tested as moderators to lessen the psychological distress of caregiving.

Results
A competitive mediation was identified. We found a positive indirect effect from caregiving to alcohol drinking mediated by psychological distress (bp = .0017, p < .05) but a negative direct effect from caregiving to alcohol drinking (bp = -.0340, p < .05). Furthermore, the study reported a strongly positive effect of moderated moderation on the linkage from caregiving to psychological distress. The negative impact of caregiving on mental distress was greater among those who used social media less, particularly those without a romantic or marital partner.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that caregivers experience more mental distress, which leads to risky behavior. This study highlights the crucial role of both online and offline connectedness in mitigating the adverse consequences of caregiving.
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency among male and female farmers in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebre Girma Gezimu , Chefebo Derebe Ermias , Kacharo Deribe Kaske 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite a large body of literature on the nexus between knowledge, attitude and practice towards nutrition and gender, this nexus is likely to vary and is not clear in many societies, such as Ethiopia.

Objectives
The study aimed to analyze the level of gender-based knowledge, attitude, and practice towards malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency using primary data collected from two regional states in Ethiopia.

Methods
Qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches were used. Qualitative data were analyzed using a narrative and content approach. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
Results indicate that female are generally more adept than male at identifying the symptoms of malnutrition. However, concerning vitamin A and iodine food types and its deficiency, male respondents had relatively better knowledge and consumption practice than female. Results show that there is very little awareness about biofortified and fortified foods. When we rate respondents, male had a relatively better understanding about fortified foods than their female counterparts.

Conclusion
Findings can support development agents working to improve nutrition in Ethiopia to focus on improving community knowledge and perception of biofortified and fortified foods to improve diet quality through increased micronutrient intake. The majority of the respondents were aware of the importance of consuming micronutrient rich foods and had a positive attitude towards them. However, there is still a gap in practice. It may therefore require more targeted campaigns to increase the ability of community members to adopt best practices while reducing barriers to consumption of nutritious diet.
Transcallosal-Transchoroidal Fissure Approach for Midbrain and Thalamic Cavernous Malformations: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Winkler Ethan A. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: November 2023

INDICATIONS: CORRIDOR AND LIMITS OF EXPOSURE:
Cavernous malformations of the third ventricle arise from the medial thalamus and/or periaqueductal midbrain. Microsurgical resection is indicated when the lifetime risk of hemorrhage outweighs the surgical risks.

ANATOMIC ESSENTIALS: NEED FOR PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT:
superior sagittal sinus, callosomarginal and pericallosal arteries, corpus callosum, foramen of Monro, choroidal fissure, fornix, thalamostriate veins, internal cerebral veins (ICVs), velum interpositum, and thalamus.

ESSENTIAL STEPS OF THE PROCEDURE:
The patient consents to the procedure. With the patient supine, the head is turned 90° and laterally flexed 45°. A bifrontal craniotomy positioned two-thirds anterior and one-third posterior to the coronal suture is performed. The interhemispheric fissure is opened, and a 2-cm corpus callosotomy is performed. Choroid plexus cauterization exposes the choroidal fissure. Sharp division of the taenia fornicea opens the velum interpositum, where the thalamostriate vein can be followed around the venous angle to the ICV. The anterior septal vein may be divided to communicate between the foramen of Monro and choroidal fissure. Dissection between the ICVs opens the velum interpositum into the third ventricle.

PITFALLS/AVOIDANCE OF COMPLICATIONS:
Frontal or deep vein occlusion causes venous infarction, and dissection on the nondominant hemisphere is preferred. Other complications include arterial infarction, fornix injury from choroidal fissure dissection or forniceal retraction, and thalamic or midbrain injury during lesion resection.

VARIANTS AND INDICATIONS FOR THEIR USE:
The contralateral choroidal fissure is used for low-lying medial thalamic and midbrain lesions. The ipsilateral choroidal fissure is used for high-lying or large lesions extending laterally. Transchoroidal approaches are not needed for superior (transcallosal only) or anterior (contralateral transcallosal-contralateral transforaminal) thalamic lesions. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.
Treatment of localized anterior toothwear with composite restorations at an increased occlusal vertical dimension
Authors: Durbar Ulpee R , Hemmings Ken W 
Published: November 2023

Patients may present with localized anterior toothwear, complaining of poor appearance or sensitivity. or both. Restoration of these teeth continues to cause problems, especially if interocclusal space has been lost. Conventional treatment to satisfy the patient's aesthetic and functional demands is time consuming and requires careful maintenance. This paper describes the use of chairside composite resin restorations in the treatment of localized anterior toothwear. lnteroccusal space is provided by placing the restorations at an increased vertical dimension of occlusion. It enables the presenting complaint to be resolved while restoring structure, function and appearance. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Localized anterior toothwear may be treated in suitable cases by placement of palatal composite restorations, with posterior tooth contact normally being re-established within 6 months. Original article reproduced in full from: Darbar UR, Hemmings KW. Treatment of localized anterior toothwear with composite restorations at an increased occlusal vertical dimension. Dent Update 1997; 24: 72–75. (Please note that the figures have been reproduced from the original printed version.)
Extrinsic and intrinsic chemical factors relating to tooth wear
Authors: O'Toole Saoirse , Bartlett David 
Published: November 2023

Human enamel is one of the strongest and hardest substances in the body. However, in the presence of repeated and regular exposure to acids, damage occurs at an increased rate of progression, potentially affecting aesthetics and reducing the restorability of the teeth. This article provides an update on the extrinsic and intrinsic chemical factors that can cause tooth wear. Updated information on gastro-oesophageal reflux, obstructive sleep apnoea, asthma and eating disorders are discussed. Bearing in mind the number of medical conditions that can impact on progression, our job as dentists is to inform the patient of the importance of prevention in other areas of their lives, such as diet and oral hygiene, to mitigate progression. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Updated information on the chemical risk factors for erosive tooth wear progression is relevant for GDPs.
Full mouth restorative rehabilitation of the generalized worn dentition: a step-by-step approach to treatment
Authors: Feito Jose Suarez , Mehta Shamir B , Banerji Subir 
Published: November 2023

In this article, full-mouth restorative rehabilitation of the generalized worn dentition is presented. In the authors' opinion, the steps to achieve a predictable functional and aesthetic outcome are proposed and illustrated using clinical case examples. The rationale for each step is outlined and the longer-term expectations, from the point of view of both the clinicians and patients are considered. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of a step-by-step approach to the full-mouth rehabilitation of the worn dentition is valuable for clinicians.
Multidisciplinary management of advanced complexity tooth wear cases: patient needs beyond the direct and indirect restorations dichotomy
Authors: Calvert Gareth , Keys William , Ahmed Khaled E 
Published: November 2023

There is increased evidence supporting the different management modalities of tooth wear, be it direct or indirect resin composite through an additive approach, or ceramics through a subtractive one. However, there remains a cohort of patients with complex clinical case presentations that require careful assessment, formulation of a multidisciplinary treatment plan, and the delivery of a restorative-led systematic intervention involving additional oral surgery or orthodontic specialties. This case series presents the multidisciplinary management of advanced complexity tooth wear cases, with treatment needs extending beyond the scope of direct and indirect restorative management, through a systematic treatment planning approach. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To highlight the potential multidisciplinary management options of tooth wear.
The ‘satisficing’ additive composite approach to bulimia
Authors: Kelleher Martin , Ayub Khawer 
Published: November 2023

Bulimia (‘ox hunger’) is a serious, potentially dangerous, eating disorder that is often associated with anxiety about weight and body shape. People with bulimia ‘binge’, meaning that they eat large amounts of food, and then vomit afterwards to ‘purge themselves’ in order to get rid of those recently ingested calories. Frequent vomiting of the stomach hydrochloric acid and other ingested acids (pH 1–2) produces variable, but often catastrophic, erosion of the palatal aspects of the upper teeth in particular. ‘Satisficing’ is a word made from combining ‘sufficient’ and ‘satisfactory’. It means seeking an outcome that meets the essential requirements for it to be ‘sufficient to be satisfactory for that situation’. These authors recommend pragmatic early additive direct resin composite bonding as being a ‘satisficing’ approach to help manage tooth surface loss in bulimic patients, and the article provides clinical examples of some dental problems caused by bulimia being solved in that way. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article addresses a number of controversial issues in the dental management of patients with bulimia nervosa (‘bulimia’).
Longevity and performance of materials used for the restorative management of tooth wear: a review
Authors: Lima Verônica P , Pereira-Cenci Tatiana , Mehta Shamir B , Banerji Subir , Loomans Bas AC 
Published: November 2023

This article provides an overview of the available evidence on the performance, with particular consideration of the longevity of restorative materials used in the management of tooth wear. Different materials can be employed depending on whether a subtractive or additive strategy is used. Preference should be given to the latter to help preserve remaining tooth tissue. The use of both direct and indirect materials may yield acceptable survival results when considering data with at least 5 years of follow-up. Patients should be informed that because tooth wear is a continuous process, a certain level of maintenance of the restorations will be necessary and that this may impact on the success of the treatment. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Conservative, adhesive strategies are suitable for the restorative management of tooth wear.
Differences in the health-related quality of life in patients with asthma living in urban and rural areas in the Amur Region of Russian Federation
Authors: Perelman Natalia L. , Kolosov Victor P. 
Published: November 2023

Background
Asthma usually arises from an interaction between host and environmental factors. Growing attention has been paid to a place of residence as a factor shaping health-related quality of life (QoL). This study investigated the rural-urban disparity in QoL among adult asthma patients in the Amur region of Russian Federation.

Materials and methods
This cross-sectional study included 351 randomly selected adults with asthma. We analyzed QoL (SF-36 and AQLQ scores), asthma control (ACT), and anxiety and depression (HADS) depending on the place of residence (urban vs. rural).

Results
The scale “Role Emotional” (RE) of SF-36 was significantly lower in patients from rural areas compared to urban residents (59.3±3.1 vs. 70.4±2.3 points; p = 0.0042). In the urban group, the correlation analysis demonstrated a clear influence of RE on patients’ own assessment of their physical functioning (PF, r = 0.53; p<0.0001). Both groups demonstrated low “Social Functioning” (SF). In the group of urban residents, correlation analysis revealed the presence of positive correlations of SF-36 domains reflecting physical (PF, RP, BP) and social functioning (SF, VT) with most scales of both QoL questionnaires. The domains of the emotional sphere (RE and MH) positively correlated with all scales of both QoL questionnaires among urban residents. In the group of rural residents, a comparative analysis showed the absence of significant correlations between more of the QoL scales. Although Asthma Control Test did not differ between groups, we noted a significantly higher need for β2-agonists in rural areas compared to urban areas (4.2±0.6 vs. 2.7±0.3 inh/day, respectively; p = 0.0221). The frequency of urban residents with a clinically significant level of anxiety (56 persons, or 25.2%) turned out to be lower compared to rural residents (45 persons, or 34.8%; χ2 = 34.08; p<0.001).

Conclusion
The burden of asthma introduces a greater imbalance in the health-related QoL of rural residents compared to urban residents in the Amur region of the Russian Federation. The absence of interrelationships of some QoL domains in rural residents suggested a disunity of the physical, psychological and social aspects of life. The rural residents suppress physical discomfort by the more frequent use of short bronchodilators. They often showed emotional instability with a predominance of anxiety, which affected the decrease in QoL in the psycho-emotional sphere.
A long-term retrospective cohort-based risk-benefit analysis of augmenting total cumulative I-131 activity to 37GBq in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with skeletal metastases
Authors: Kanankulam Velliangiri Sivasankar , Ballal Sanjana , Prasad Yadhav Madhav , Tripathi Madhavi , Satapathy Swayamjeet , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: November 2023

Objective
Skeletal metastases in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients are associated with poor prognosis. The objective was to determine the maximum I-131 cumulative activity that could be safely administered without compromising efficacy. The secondary objective was to identify other prognostic factors affecting survival outcomes.

Materials and methods
This was a retrospective cohort study done at a tertiary-care institution comprising of data from January 1990-June 2020. 489 DTC patients having skeletal metastases with ≥12 months follow-up were included. Ninety-six percent of patients had thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine therapy for skeletal metastases. All patients were on oral suppressive levothyroxine tablets. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors were used whenever indicated. The main outcome measures were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse-events.

Results
There were 347 (71%) females and 324 (66%) had follicular carcinoma thyroid. Median follow-up was 78 (interquartile range, IQR: 37–153) months. 333 patients (68%) received ≤37GBq I-131 cumulative activity (group 1) and 156 patients (32%) received >37GBq cumulative RAI activity (group 2). Overall median OS and PFS were 74 (95% confidence interval (CI): 62.2–85.8) and 48 (95%CI: 40.5–55.4) months, respectively. The 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-year estimated overall survival probabilities were 55.7%, 28.4%, 14% and 8.3%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, age(<55years) (p<0.001), female gender(p = 0.01), cumulative I-131 activity >37GBq (p<0.001) and EBRT(p = 0.001) were favourably associated with OS; no factors were significantly associated with PFS. The median OS for groups 1 & 2 were 51 versus 90 months (p<0.001) & median PFS for groups 1 & 2 were 45 versus 53 months respectively (p = 0.9). However, cumulative activity >37GBq resulted in more adverse events (2.4%), particularly bone marrow suppression (3.5%).

Conclusion
For better survival outcomes, cumulative I-131 activity upto 37GBq could be administered with acceptable toxicity to DTC patients with skeletal metastases.
Luas Permukaan Selimut Tabung dan Bola Terpotong
Authors: Latif Burhanuddin 
Published: November 2023

Pada artikel ini ditunjukkan bahwa suatu bola dengan radius dan suatu tabung dengan radius alas dan tinggi , pada saat bola dan tabung tersebut secara bersama - sama dipotong oleh sebuah bidang horizontal yang paralel dengan , maka luas permukaan bola terpotong dan luas permukaan selimut tabung yang berada pada memiliki nilai yang sama. Begitu pula luas permukaan bola terpotong dan luas permukaan selimut tabung yang berada pada memiliki nilai yang juga sama. Pada saat bola dan tabung tersebut secara bersama - sama dipotong oleh dua buah bidang horizontal dan dengan yang paralel dengan maka luas permukaan bola terpotong dan luas permukaan selimut tabung yang berada pada memiliki nilai yang juga sama. Sehingga bagaimanapun suatu luas permukaan bola dan luas selimut tabung dengan ukuran tersebut bersama - sama dipotong secara horizontal akan memperoleh nilai yang sama yaitu sebesar

In this article it is shown that a sphere with radius and a cylinder with a radius and height , since the sphere and cylinder were cut together by a horizontal plane which is parallel to , then the surface area of the hemisphere and the surface area of the circumscribing cylinder at have the same value. Likewise, the surface area of the hemisphere and the surface area of the circumscribing cylinder at have the same value. When the sphere and cylinder are simultaneously cut by two horizontal planes and with which are parallel to , the surface area of the hemisphere and the surface area of the circumscribing cylinder is at m have the same value. So that somehow the surface area of the hemisphere and the circumscribing cylinder with those sizes simultaneously are cut horizontally and will get the same value, which is equal to .
Model Eksponensial dan Logistik Serta Analisis Kestabilan Model Pada Perhitungan Proyeksi Penduduk Provinsi Riau
Authors: Irma Suryani  , Nur Khasanah  
Published: November 2023

Paper ini membahas tentang proyeksi penduduk menggunakan model eksponensial dan logistik serta selanjutnya menganalisis kestabilan pada model logistik pada data penduduk Provinsi Riau. Pada model eksponensial dan logistik diasumsikan bahwa adalah populasi awal dan adalah waktu yang diukur dalam tahun. Analisis kestabilan dilakukan dengan metode linearisasi persamaan disekitar titik tetap, lalu menyelidiki distribusi nilai eigen dari matriks jacobian sistem linier yang didapatkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model eksponensial IV dengan bentuk persamaan N= 6.344.402 e(0,02357)t sebagai model terbaik dengan galat sebesar 1,9845, dan model logistik IV dengan bentuk persamaan N= 13.709.495,15/(1,16088) e-(0,04582)t +1 sebagai model terbaik dengan galat sebesar 1,91629. Analisis kestabilan model logistik mempunyai 2 titik tetap yaitu N*= 0 dan N*= K. Titik tetap merupakan titik kesetimbangan stabil. Sedangkan terjadi perubahan kestabilan akibat adanya waktu tunda.