bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of atherosclerotic risk in rosacea patients through serum fetuin‐A and carotid intima media thickness
Authors: Kulaklı Sevgi , Yıldırmak Sembol , Oğuz Işıl Deniz , Usta Murat , Tosun Alptekin , Akşan Burak 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe link between rosacea and various systemic conditions has been growing in prominence, even though the relationship between rosacea and cardiovascular disease remains a subject of debate in current research.AimsDetecting the connection between rosacea and subclinical atherosclerosis using laboratory and ultrasonographic parameters.MethodsFifty rosacea patients and 49 control were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, including serum high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), fetuin‐A (FA), and matrix gla protein levels were assessed. Carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) was measured by carotid ultrasonography.ResultsSerum hs‐CRP levels (p = 0.009) and mean CIMT (p = 0.001) were significantly higher, while serum FA levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the rosacea patients compared with control. The number of patients with mean CIMT>75th percentile according to age and sex were significantly higher in the rosacea group (p = 0.001). Rosacea patients with ocular involvement exhibited significantly higher hs‐CRP values in comparison to those without ocular involvement (p = 0.008). No significant correlation was detected between disease duration, severity, subtype and the study parameters.ConclusionsThis study results suggest that rosacea poses an independent risk for subclinical atherosclerosis regardless of its severity, duration, or subtype. Therefore, individuals diagnosed with rosacea should receive careful evaluation and monitoring to detect possible cardiovascular complications promptly. Furthermore, our study hints at a potential elevated risk of subclinical inflammation in rosacea patients with ocular involvement, warranting additional attention and further investigation.
Economies with rights: Efficiency and inequality
Authors: Hervés‐Beloso Carlos , Martínez‐Concha Francisco , Moreno‐García Emma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider a scenario where inequality levels originate harmful effects on society. To alleviate this negative externality, we introduce tradable consumption licenses within a general equilibrium framework to obtain efficient outcomes, reduce inequality, and improve social welfare. This mechanism would be easily implementable with the necessary support of the law.
Predicting nitrogen excretion of cattle kept under tropical and subtropical conditions using semimechanistic models
Authors: Salazar‐Cubillas Khaterine , Corea Edgardo , Dickhoefer Uta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present study aims at evaluating whether current semimechanistic models developed for temperate cattle systems can be adopted for cattle under (sub‐) tropical husbandry systems to adequately (accurately and precisely) predict total nitrogen (TN), urine nitrogen (UN), faecal nitrogen (FN) excretion and its partition into different FN fractions. Selected models were built based on the feeding recommendations for ruminants of the British (Model A), German (Model G) and French (INRA; Model I) system. Model evaluation was conducted using eight nitrogen balance studies performed in El Salvador, Kenya and Peru (n = 392 individual observations including lactating cows, heifers and steers). Concordance correlation coefficient, root mean square errors (RMSE), and mean biases were estimated to evaluate the models' adequacy in predicting nitrogen excretion. Input variables causing greatest variation in nitrogen excretion prediction were identified by a sensitivity analysis and adjusted. Model G was able to adequately (i.e., RMSE of <25% of observed mean, systematic error of <5% of the mean square error) predict TN excretion through a compensation between overestimation of UN excretion and underestimation of FN excretion. None of the models were able to adequately predict UN, FN, and different FN fractions. Model I adequately predicted FN (RMSE = 18%) when duodenal microbial crude protein flow was increased, and the intercept used to predict FN excretion was reduced from 4.30 to 3.82 g of nitrogen per kilogram of dry matter intake. These adjustments, however, were not sufficient to predict adequately UN excretion (RMSE = 38%), individual FN fractions (RMSE > 56%), and TN (RMSE = 22%) excretion, by Model I.
Assessment of Construct Validity of Recovery Measures through Theoretical Formulations as Applied to Cardiovascular Parameters
Authors: Sawada Yukihiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe recovery period is generally excluded under stress testing, despite its importance, because recovery measures lack information on construct validity. The smaller the carryover effect, the higher the construct validity. Theoretical formulae were derived for three recovery measures (i.e., total carryover [TCO], mean recovery rate [MRR], and area under the curve [AUC]) to assess to what extent this criterion is fulfilled. The cardiovascular parameters (particularly blood pressure [BP] and heart rate [HR]) were targeted. After applying this criterion to theoretical formulae and previous experimental findings, the three recovery measures were ordered as follows: MRR for BP (highly valid) > AUC for both BP and HR (moderately valid) > MRR for HR and TCO for both BP and HR (slightly valid). The unexpected finding of MRR for HR was due to the invisible carryover effect of vagal rebound on HR. The implication of the sharp contrast in MRR for BP versus HR is discussed, indicating their qualitative differences as cardiovascular parameters.
“Valorar el trabajo de farmworkers”: A thematic analysis of input from farmworkers, advocates, and students in a community documentary project about the future of farm work
Authors: Cofie Leslie E. , LePrevost Catherine E. , Harwell Emery L. , Bustos Yessie Y. , Welborn Joanna , Firnhaber Gina C. , Lee Joseph G. L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFarm work is one of the nation's most hazardous occupations, and migrant and seasonal farmworkers face significant health inequities. Awareness and understanding of the needs of this population are crucial in assuring they receive appropriate support. Documentary programs can raise awareness of community member views to better inform services and advocacy efforts. Visions for the future of farm work were collected from farmworkers and persons supporting them through a community‐based, participatory documentary project led by Student Action with Farmworkers (SAF) from 2021 to 2022. Seventy‐nine submissions from participants in North and South Carolina, including text responses and file uploads, were collected and thematically analyzed. Five themes were identified: (1) employment benefits and conditions, (2) living conditions, (3) health access and quality, (4) dignity and visibility of farm work, and (5) policy change for a better future. The visions for the future of farm work expressed by these agricultural workers, advocates, and students raise important implications for agricultural communities, public health practitioners, researchers, funders, and policymakers. Application of these findings in the development and delivery of public health services for farmworkers has the potential to positively impact the morbidity and mortality rates of this at‐risk population.
Uncoupling of Linear Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Damped Gyroscopic Potential Systems
Authors: Udwadia Firdaus E. , Bulatovic Ranislav M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the uncoupling of linear damped multi-degree-of-freedom gyroscopic potential systems in which the damping is taken to have a specifically chosen form. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained that guarantee the uncoupling of such damped systems into independent subsystems with at most two degrees-of-freedom. Along with several other results, it is shown that when the potential (stiffness) matrix of the damped system has distinct eigenvalues—a situation commonly found in civil, mechanical, and aerospace engineering, as well as in nature—the damping matrix must have this specifically chosen form for any such multi-degree-of-freedom system to be capable of being uncoupled.
Constant Force Spring System With a Spiral: Accuracy Assessment
Authors: Zampoli Vittorio , Hetnarski Richard B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper is an extension of the original research contained in the paper “Constant Force Spring System With a Spiral” by Richard B. Hetnarski, published in J. Mech. Rob., 12, Dec. 2020. The topic of that paper is the introduction and description of a new mechanism which allows to transform the linearly changing force exerted by a helical spring into a constant force. The most important part of the system is a new spiral of which the differential equation was derived and solved, and all this is published in that previous paper. That paper contains the detailed description of the theory of the mechanism and the analysis of its operation. There are also provided examples of a few possible applications. A physical model of the system was built, and its testing showed the system works in agreement with the theory. However, the system is not completely accurate, i.e., the force Fo remains not entirely constant during winding/unwinding of the cord. The present paper deals with this inaccuracy which is discussed and evaluated in depth by analytical and numerical methods, and the way for it to be decreased or eliminated is described. The present paper, together with the previous paper, constitutes the full presentation of the mechanism and should not be separated one from the other. Since the present paper is a continuation of the previous paper, please study the paper (Hetnarski, R. B., 2020, “Constant Force Spring System With a Spiral,” ASME J. Mech. Rob., 12(6), p. 061018. 10.1115/1.4047982), before reading the present paper.
Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against post-covid-19 condition among 589 722 individuals in Sweden: population based cohort study
Authors: Lundberg-Morris Lisa , Leach Susannah , Xu Yiyi , Martikainen Jari , Santosa Ailiana , Gisslén Magnus , Li Huiqi , Nyberg Fredrik , Bygdell Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of primary covid-19 vaccination (first two doses and first booster dose within the recommended schedule) against post-covid-19 condition (PCC).

Design
Population based cohort study.

Setting
Swedish Covid-19 Investigation for Future Insights—a Population Epidemiology Approach using Register Linkage (SCIFI-PEARL) project, a register based cohort study in Sweden.

Participants
All adults (≥18 years) with covid-19 first registered between 27 December 2020 and 9 February 2022 (n=589 722) in the two largest regions of Sweden. Individuals were followed from a first infection until death, emigration, vaccination, reinfection, a PCC diagnosis (ICD-10 diagnosis code U09.9), or end of follow-up (30 November 2022), whichever came first. Individuals who had received at least one dose of a covid-19 vaccine before infection were considered vaccinated.

Main outcome measure
The primary outcome was a clinical diagnosis of PCC. Vaccine effectiveness against PCC was estimated using Cox regressions adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities (diabetes and cardiovascular, respiratory, and psychiatric disease), number of healthcare contacts during 2019, socioeconomic factors, and dominant virus variant at time of infection.

Results
Of 299 692 vaccinated individuals with covid-19, 1201 (0.4%) had a diagnosis of PCC during follow-up, compared with 4118 (1.4%) of 290 030 unvaccinated individuals. Covid-19 vaccination with any number of doses before infection was associated with a reduced risk of PCC (adjusted hazard ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval 0.38 to 0.46), with a vaccine effectiveness of 58%. Of the vaccinated individuals, 21 111 received one dose only, 205 650 received two doses, and 72 931 received three or more doses. Vaccine effectiveness against PCC for one dose, two doses, and three or more doses was 21%, 59%, and 73%, respectively.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest a strong association between covid-19 vaccination before infection and reduced risk of receiving a diagnosis of PCC. The findings highlight the importance of primary vaccination against covid-19 to reduce the population burden of PCC.
Staff perceptions towards virtual reality-motivated treadmill exercise for care home residents: a qualitative feedback study with key stakeholders and follow-up interview with technology developer
Authors: Bradwell Hannah Louise , Cooper Leonie , Edwards Katie Jane , Baxter Rory , Tomaz Simone A , Ritchie John , Gaudl Swen , Veliz-Reyes Alejandro , Ryde Gemma C , Križaj Tanja , Warren Alison , Chatterjee Arunangsu , Willis Katharine , Haynes Richard , Hennessy Catherine H , Whittaker Anna C , Asthana Sheena , Jones Ray B 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesHealth and care resources are under increasing pressure, partly due to the ageing population. Physical activity supports healthy ageing, but motivating exercise is challenging. We aimed to explore staff perceptions towards a virtual reality (VR) omnidirectional treadmill (MOTUS), aimed at increasing physical activity for older adult care home residents.DesignInteractive workshops and qualitative evaluation.SettingsEight interactive workshops were held at six care homes and two university sites across Cornwall, England, from September to November 2021.ParticipantsForty-four staff participated, including care home, supported living, clinical care and compliance managers, carers, activity coordinators, occupational therapists and physiotherapists.InterventionsParticipants tried the VR treadmill system, followed by focus groups exploring device design, potential usefulness or barriers for care home residents. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. We subsequently conducted a follow-up interview with the technology developer (September 2022) to explore the feedback impact.ResultsThe analysis produced seven key themes: anticipated benefits, acceptability, concerns of use, concerns of negative effects, suitability/unsuitability, improvements and current design. Participants were generally positive towards VR to motivate care home residents’ physical activity and noted several potential benefits (increased exercise, stimulation, social interaction and rehabilitation). Despite the reported potential, staff had safety concerns for frail older residents due to their standing position. Participants suggested design improvements to enhance safety, usability and accessibility. Feedback to the designers resulted in the development of a new seated VR treadmill to address concerns about falls while maintaining motivation to exercise. The follow-up developer interview identified significant value in academia–industry collaboration.ConclusionThe use of VR-motivated exercise holds the potential to increase exercise, encourage reminiscence and promote meaningful activity for care home residents. Staff concerns resulted in a redesigned seated treadmill for those too frail to use the standing version. This novel study demonstrates the importance of stakeholder feedback in product design.
Prognostic significance of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Qi Xue , Chen Jia , Wei Sheng , Ni Jingyi , Song Li , Jin Conghui , Yang Lei , Zhang Xunlei 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivePlatelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), known as a key systemic inflammatory parameter, has been proved to be associated with response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer (BC); however, the results remain controversial. This meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the prognostic values of PLR in patients with BC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).DesignMeta-analysis.Data sourcesRelevant literature published on the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science databases and the Cochrane Library.Eligibility criteriaAll studies involving patients with BC treated with NACT and peripheral blood pretreatment PLR recorded were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo researchers independently extracted and evaluated HR/OR and its 95% CI of survival outcomes, pathological complete response (pCR) rate and clinicopathological parameters.ResultsThe last search was updated to 31 December 2022. A total of 22 studies with 5533 patients with BC treated with NACT were enrolled in the final meta-analysis. Our results demonstrate that elevated PLR value appears to correlate with low pCR rate (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.88, p<0.001, I2=75.80%, Ph<0.001) and poor prognosis, including overall survival (OS) (HR 1.90, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.59, p<0.001; I2=7.40%, Ph=0.365) and disease-free survival (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.50, p<0.001; I2=0.0%, Ph=0.460). Furthermore, PLR level was associated with age (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.93, p<0.001, I2=40.60%, Ph=0.096), menopausal status (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.90, p<0.001, I2=50.80%, Ph=0.087) and T stage (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.11, p=0.035; I2=70.30%, Ph=0.005) of patients with BC.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrated that high PLR was significantly related to the low pCR rate, poor OS and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with BC treated with NACT. Therefore, PLR can be used as a potential predictor biomarker for the efficacy of NACT in BC.
Factors associated with continuation of hormonal contraceptives among married women of reproductive age in Gilgit, Pakistan: a community-based case–control study
Authors: Bibi Fazila , Saleem Sarah , Tikmani Shiyam S , Rozi Shafquat 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the factors associated with continuation of hormonal contraceptive methods among married women of Gilgit, Pakistan at least 6 months after their initiation.DesignUnmatched case–control study.SettingCommunity settings of Gilgit, Pakistan from 1 April 2021 to 30 July 2021.ParticipantsThe cases were married women of reproductive age who, at the time of interview, were using a hormonal method of contraception for at least 6 months continuously, and controls were married women of reproductive age who had used a hormonal method in the past and currently were using a non-hormonal method for at least 6 months.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOR for continuation of hormonal contraceptive.ResultsThe factors significantly associated with continuous use of hormonal contraceptive methods for our sample from Gilgit were the family planning centre’s distance from home (adjusted OR (AOR) 6.33, 95% CI 3.74 to 10.71), satisfaction with current method used (AOR 3.64, 95% CI 2.06 to 6.44), visits to the family planning centre to avail services (AOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.45) and relatively older age of women (AOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.12). In addition, women with formal education (AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.6) were less likely to use a modern contraceptive method.ConclusionContinuation of using a hormonal method was associated with easy access to family planning centres, satisfaction with the current method and frequent visits to the family planning centres. Continuation of using a hormonal method was also seen in women with low education status. The importance of the presence of family planning centres near residential areas cannot be emphasised more. This does not only provide easy access to family planning methods, but also reassure women of continuation of modern methods when they face any unpleasant effects while using these.
Do community-based singing interventions have an impact on people living with dementia and their carers? A mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Polden Megan , Hanna Kerry , Ward Kym , Ahmed Faraz , Brown Heather , Holland Carol , Barrow Hazel , Main Jeanette , Mann Stella , Pendrill Steve , Giebel Clarissa 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPsychosocial interventions have been shown to improve mood, relieve stress and improve quality of life for people living with dementia (PwD). To date, most evaluations of singing interventions have focused on the benefits for PwD and not their carers. This research aims to evaluate the benefits of dementia singing groups for both PwD and their carers.Methods and analysisThis 2-year project will observe the impact of two different singing intervention services, one combining singing alongside dance and another that includes a sociable lunch. This project will aim to recruit a total of n=150 PwD and n=150 carers across the two singing interventions. Using a mixed-methods approach, the influence of both services will be analysed via the following outcome measures: quality of life, neuropsychiatric symptoms, social isolation, loneliness, cognition, carer burden and depressive symptoms in PwD and their carers using a prestudy/poststudy design. Regression models will be used to analyse the data with time (pre/post) as the exposure variable. Semistructured interviews will be conducted with a subset of people (n=40) to further investigate the impact of singing services with a specific focus on the acceptability of the interventions, barriers to access and prolonged engagement and potential for remote delivery. Interview data will be analysed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis, and public advisers will assist with coding the transcripts. A social return on investment analysis will be conducted to determine the social impact of the services.Ethics and disseminationThis project has received ethical approval from the University of Liverpool’s Ethics Committee (App ref: 12374) and Lancaster University’s Ethics Committee (App ref: 3442). All participants will provide informed consent to participate. Results will be presented at national and international conferences, published in scientific journals and publicly disseminated to key stakeholders.