bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of extubation failure and associated factors among pediatric patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Belayhun Yosef , Ambachew Semenew , Damite Addisalem 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: A critical component of pediatric intensive care therapy is mechanical ventilation which used when the patient’s spontaneous breathing is inadequate. In the pediatric intensive care unit, the need for mechanical ventilation ranges from 20% to over 60%, depending on the setting. Respiratory failure is the primary indication for the initiation of ventilator support in pediatric patients as a result of airway or lung disease, multiorgan failure or postoperative care.
Objective: Assessing the prevalence and factors associated with extubation failure among pediatric patients (0-14 years) admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 155 pediatric patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit during September 2019 to September 2023. Data were collected using a checklist, entered into Epi-info software, exported to SPSS version 25, and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with extubation failure. Variables with P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Hosmer and Leme’s goodness-of-fit test assessed model fitness. The adjusted odds ratio with the 95% confidence interval measured the association strength between outcome and independent variables. A total of 18.1% of intubated and extubated patients experienced extubation failure (95% CI: 12.9– 24.5). Patients with hospital stays exceeding 30 days had significantly higher odds of extubation failure (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI: 5.23–15.60), as did those with hospital stays of 10–30 days (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI: 3.10–17.76). Additionally, the likelihood of extubation failure was 2.14 times higher for patients who were not nebulized immediately after extubation compared to those who were nebulized (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 5.87–9.46).
Conclusion: This study revealed that the extubation failure rate was 18.1%. Prolonged hospital stays and failure to nebulize after extubation were found to be determinants of extubation failure.
Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment patterns in children with Rhabdomyosarcoma at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Yihenew Biniam , Arega Gashaw , Hailu Abel , Mohamedsaid Abdulkadir 
Published: January 2025

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents, making up almost half of all cases. The clinical presentation of rhabdomyosarcoma varies on the site of involvement and the histological subtypes vary based on the age and site of occurrence. This study aimed to summarize pediatric RMS patients' clinical profiles and histological subtypes.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Hospital in children diagnosed with RMS between March 2017 to March 2022. The collected data comprised the sociodemographic profile of patients, the clinical characteristics, the histological subtypes ,and treatment patterns of RMS. The collected data were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25. A chi-square test was performed to assess the association between variables.
Results: Fifty histopathologically confirmed RMS patients met the inclusion criteria. Most patients (66%) were under five years old, with a median age of three years (range: 1 month to 14 years). Time from symptom onset to pediatric oncology presentation ranged from 1 week to 2 years, with a median of five months. Swelling was the most common symptom (90%, n=45), and the head and neck were the most frequently affected sites (56%). One-fifth (20%) had distant metastasis at diagnosis. Embryonal RMS was the most common histology subtype (53.7%), followed by alveolar RMS (41.5%). Nearly all patients (96%) received systemic chemotherapy, while 52.1% underwent combination therapy, including surgery and radiotherapy.
Conclusion: Most pediatric patients diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma were younger than five years old and experienced delayed presentation of more than three months from the onset of symptoms. Emphasis has to be given to improving early diagnosis of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma and the practice of local therapy measures has to be strengthened.
Appendicoileal knotting and Appendicoileal fistula in a-13-year-old child: rare complication of appendicitis: A case report
Authors: Ahmed Muluken , Negash Ashenafi , Nasir Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, which is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. If left untreated, appendicitis can rupture with abscess formation. Rarely, it can lead to fistula formation in other organs or form a knot and cause bowel obstruction. Both appendicitis knot and appendicoileal fistula occurrence in the same patient are rare complications of acute appendicitis.
Case presentation: We present the first case of appendicoileal knot with appendicoileal fistula in a 13-year-old male patient who presented with abdominal distension of 3 days duration with failure to pass feces and flatus and crampy abdominal pain. Abdominal examination revealed a distended abdomen, visible bowel loops, and tenderness at the lower abdomen bilaterally. Multiple air-fluid levels were seen on an erect abdominal X-ray. With a diagnosis of small bowel obstruction, he underwent exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperative, the appendix was wrapped around a loop terminal ileum and its tip had fistulous communication with the ileum. For this appendectomy and ileal resections with end-to-end anastomosis were done.
Conclusion: Appendicoileal knot and/or fistula formation should be expected as a cause for small bowel obstruction in patients with appendicitis. Laparotomy is the treatment modality for patients with bowel obstruction due to appendicitis.
Ruwaza ya Kiidadi katika Ufafanuzi wa Vidahizo vya Kiantonimu katika Kamusi: Tathmini ya Kamusi Teule
Authors: Andrew Jeremiah S. , Hans Mussa M. 
Published: January 2025

Maana za vidahizo katika kamusi huelezwa kwa kutumia mbinu mbalimbali. Miongoni mwa mbinu hizo ni matumizi ya antonimu ambazo hutumika zaidi kufafanua vidahizo vya kamusi za lugha moja kwa sababu walengwa wake huhitaji kupata maana kamilifu zote zinazotafutwa. Kwa msingi huo, antonimu zote zinazohusu kidahizo hutakiwa kuingizwa katika kidahizo husika kwa kufuata utaratibu. Ujitokezaji wa antonimu katika kamusi sio wa kiholela bali huzingatia uhusiano wa kimaana kati ya kidahizo na antonimu husika. Uhusiano huo ndio huamua idadi na aina ya antonimu zinazopaswa kuambatana na kidahizo, hivyo, kuunda ruwaza fulani ambazo huitwa ruwaza za kiidadi. Kuwapo kwa ruwaza hizo kumechangia kufanyika kwa utafiti huu unaotathmini kujitokeza kwa ruwaza za kiidadi katika ufafanuzi wa kiantonimu wa vidahizo vya kamusi wahidiya za Kiswahili. Nadharia Jumuishi ya Leksikografia imetumiwa katika uchambuzi wa data za makala hii. Data za zilikusanywa kutoka katika Kamusi Kuu ya Kiswahili toleo la tatu (yaani KKK3) kwa kutumia mbinu ya uchambuzi wa matini. Jumla ya vidahizo 379 vimebainika kutumia antonimu katika ufafanuzi wake na kuunda ruwaza tano za kiidadi zinazohusu umoja, uwili, utatu, unne na utano kutegemea idadi ya antonimu zilizotumika kuvifafanua vidahizo husika.
Mitanziko ya Wahusika katika Riwaya Teule za Euphrase Kezilahabi
Authors: Fuluge Adria 
Published: January 2025

Watunzi wa kazi mbalimbali za fasihi huumba wahusika kwa ustadi mkubwa kwa lengo la kubeba maudhui na kuyafikisha kwa hadhira husika. Wahusika hao hubebeshwa fikra na tafakuri zinazoonesha hisia za mwandishi zinazoambatana na hali fulani katika kutoa maamuzi ya tafakuri yake. Miongoni mwa mambo hayo ni mitanziko ambayo hubainika kupitia matendo wafanyayo wahusika hao. Mitanziko hiyo husababisha wahusika kuchukua maamuzi ya kufanya au kutokufanya jambo fulani. Hivyo, makala hii inabainisha sababu za mitanziko ya wahusika katika riwaya teule za Euphrase Kezilahabi ambazo ni Rosa Mistika (1971) na Kichwamaji (1974). Shabaha ya kubainisha sababu hizo kwa mwegamo wa kifasihi ni kuthibitisha kwamba fasihi ni zao la jamii na kwamba mitanziko inayowakumba wahusika katika riwaya hizo, ni usawiri wa wahusika halisi katika jamii, wanaokumbwa na mitanziko ya namna hiyo katika maisha yao ya kila siku. Data za utafiti huu zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya usomaji matini. Misingi miwili ya Nadharia ya Udhanaishi ilitumika katika uchunguzi, uchanganuzi na uwasilishaji wa matokeo ya makala hii. Matokeo yanaonesha kwamba mitanziko inayowakumba wahusika katika riwaya teule inatokana na sababu kuu tatu, ambazo ni: za kijamii, kiutamaduni na kifalsafa.
Interactive Method of Teaching of Passive Voice in Japanese Language in Uzbekistan
Authors: Rikhsieva Gulchekhra , Khalmurzaeva Nadira , Mirzakhmedova Khulkar , Omonov Qudratulla , Nasirova Saodat , Khashimova Saboxat 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aims to explore the teaching methodologies for instructing first-year students at the Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies in the acquisition of the Japanese passive voice. The research focuses on the four distinct purposes of the passive voice in Japanese—"target passive" (対象受身), "tentative passive" (視点受身), "damaging passive" (被害受身), and "profitable passive" (恩恵受身)—using the "Minnano Nihongo" textbook as the primary instructional material.

Methods: The research involved a pedagogical analysis of the instructional approach to teaching the passive voice in Japanese. Lessons were conducted using examples from the "Minnano Nihongo" textbook, which were analyzed to illustrate the unique characteristics and functions of the Japanese passive voice. Students’ comprehension was assessed through tests, focusing on grammatical disparities between Uzbek and Japanese, and the understanding of the four passive voice functions.

Results: The analysis revealed that 58.3% of first-year Uzbek students answered questions on the passive voice correctly. Over 50% of the students could differentiate between polite speech verb forms, passive voice, and modal verb forms. These findings suggest that comprehension of the passive voice is significantly influenced by both linguistic differences between Uzbek and Japanese and the understanding of the specific functions of the Japanese passive voice.

Conclusion: To enhance students’ understanding and assimilation of the Japanese passive voice, interactive teaching methods and flexible lesson plans are recommended. Incorporating a communicative approach and adapting teaching materials dynamically can further improve comprehension and application of this grammatical category.
Deriving Fundamentals from Branches an Application to Prevent the Illusion or Contradiction Between Al-Nawawi’s Two Statements Regarding the Jurisprudence Ruling on the Short Pillar and Standing Straight
Authors: Khadar Somaya Tariq , Asaad Kawthar Ayoub 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The study aims to explore the significance of deriving fundamentals from branches, emphasizing the intellectual contributions of great scholars who facilitated rulings related to worship, a fundamental aspect of existence. It also seeks to investigate a specific issue within this domain and demonstrate that differences in rulings are not contradictions but can be reconciled.

Methods: The research employs an analytical approach, examining a specific issue related to deriving fundamentals from branches. It analyzes differences in rulings and explores scholarly interpretations to identify pathways for reconciling diverse opinions.

Results: The study reveals that differences in rulings on the selected issue are not contradictory but stem from diverse interpretations. It identifies a framework that facilitates reconciliation among the differing opinions.

Conclusion: The research concludes that the diversity in rulings reflects the depth of Islamic scholarship and is not indicative of conflict. Instead, these variations can be harmonized, showcasing the intellectual efforts of scholars in shaping worship-related rulings. There is a way to reconcile between different opinions.
Probabilidad de sarcopenia asociado a funcionalidad y riesgo de caídas en una población de adultos mayores de Colombia
Authors: Gómez Salazar Lessby , Arango Hoyos Gloria Patricia , Dueñas Eliana , Reyes Ortíz Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Probabilidad de sarcopenia asociado a parámetros de funcionalidad y riesgo de caídas en una población de adultos mayores de Colombia
Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre la probabilidad de sarcopenia con la funcionalidad y el riesgo de caídas en adultos mayores de Colombia.
Materiales y Métodos. Fueron evaluados 224 hombres y mujeres colombianos, mayores de 60 años, categorizando su probabilidad de sarcopenia a partir del Ishii´s Score, en baja, media y alta. Se realizaron encuestas, escalas de funcionalidad, mediciones antropométricas y cinemáticas de la marcha.
Resultados. El 22% de la población presentó entre media y alta probabilidad de presentar sarcopenia, resultados comparables con estudios previos en población colombiana. En análisis bivariados, la probabilidad de tener sarcopenia se asoció en forma significativa con la edad, el género y el miedo a caer medida con la FES-I, la longitud de zancada, la duración porcentual de la fase de apoyo unipodal, la circunferencia abdominal, los pasos elaborados, y el equilibrio funcional. Estos tres últimos permanecieron significativos en el análisis multivariado de regresión logística.
Conclusión. Se corrobora la influencia de la sarcopenia en la funcionalidad de los adultos mayores, incluida la marcha y se evidencia la posibilidad de usar el Ishii´s Score, en población latinoamericana.
Perancangan dan Implementasi Aplikasi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Bisnis (Studi Kasus CV. OTW Computer Gusaha)
Authors: Ramdana Kurnia Aji Bagus , Herulambang Wiwiet , Setyatama Fardanto 
Published: January 2025

Perancangan dan Implementasi Aplikasi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) merupakan pendekatan yang diperlukan oleh organisasi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi operasional mereka. Penelitian berfokus pada studi kasus CV. OTW Computer Gusaha, sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang teknologi informasi. tujuan utama dari penelitian adalah untuk merancang, mengimplementasikan, serta menguji efisiensi aplikasi ERP yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan proses bisnis perusahaan, pendekatan Rapid Application Development (RAD) memungkinkan pengembangan perangkat lunak yang cepat, adaptif, dan berfokus pada kolaborasi dengan pemangku kepentingan. Proses melibatkan tiga tahap utama yaitu tahap analisis kebutuhan dan desain prototipe, pengembangan iteratif serta pengujian dan validasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan akan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang bagaimana implementasi ERP dapat meningkatkan efisiensi bisnis. Selain itu, aplikasi ERP dengan trigger database diharapkan dapat membantu perusahaan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi operasional bisnis dengan responsif terhadap perubahan dan meningkatkan manajemen data yang lebih efisien dan setelah diuji implementasi ERP pada proses bisnis di perusahaan telah memberikan hasil yang signifikan dalam hal efisiensi waktu, beberapa proses mengalami peningkatan efisiensi yang sangat positif, dengan demikian, implementasi ERP secara umum memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap efektivitas operasional dalam beberapa aspek bisnis perusahaan.
Analisa Komparatif Ukuran Desain Tangga Kebakaran Studi Kasus: Apartemen Gading Nias Residences
Authors: Afriliani Adelia , Khaliq Ibnul , Faridwadji Agus , Poltak Hendrik 
Published: January 2025

In the construction of vertical residences, appropriate architectural standards are very necessary, especially in terms of the safety of building occupants, because unexpected events such as earthquakes and fires can occur at any time, this must be a separate focus when designing a vertical residence, as is one of the facilities Building safety commonly used as an emergency route is a fire ladder. In designing fire stairs, of course, guidance is needed, one of which is DKI Gubernatorial Regulation number 72 of 2021. Assessing the quality of fire stairs design is very important in ensuring the safety of building occupants in the event of a fire. The aim of the research is to analyze the design dimensions of the fire stairs in the Gading Nias Residence Apartment building, North Jakarta. This research was conducted using a comparative analysis method by collecting data, analyzing, evaluating the results and drawing conclusions regarding the suitability of implementation of DKI Gubernatorial Regulation number 72 of 2021 and providing recommendations for improvements if necessary. Through a literature study and comparative analysis of fire stair design measures, this research provides a deeper understanding of effective design principles for overcoming fire hazards. The research steps were carried out by visiting and observing the location directly, then measuring the design of the fire stairs in the Gading Nias Residence apartment and comparing it with DKI Gubernatorial Regulation number 72 of 2021. The research limitation is on the application of fire ladder design dimensions Therefore, it is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to the evaluation of the design of fire stairs and in particular regarding the measurements to make the best fire ladder plan to increase the overall safety of vertical buildings.
Editorial Note
Authors: Munga Cosmas 
Published: January 2025

Editorial Note
We would like to thank all our authors and co-authors who contributed to original scientific articles for the successful release of this 2nd Issue of MJTUM Volume 2. This issue has a total of 6 original scientific research articles from a diverse array of fields ranging from hospitality and tourism, communication studies, public health, and building and civil engineering. The content of all the articles is from dedicated research works from the authors and co-authors. MJTUM is hereby providing a platform to share the contents of these research works in contributing to knowledge dissemination to the scientific community and to all students in their quest to advance knowledge in their respective fields covered in this second issue. MJTUM will continue to give a platform for sharing of scientific articles of high quality to all our readers. It is my sincere hope that you will enjoy reading the wide coverage of articles covered in this issue as we prepare you for the release of MJTUM Volume 3 Issue 1 as soon as possible.

Dr. Cosmas Nzaka Munga (PhD)
Chief Editor, MJTUM
Solid-catalyzed transport limitations assessment in gas-phase conversion of ethanol to hydrogen over Ni-promoted MMT/TiO2 nano clay catalyst
Authors: Mulewa William , Tunje Kadere Titus 
Published: January 2025

Mass transport constraints were investigated as they relate to the conversion of ethanol to hydrogen in the gas phase over a Nickel-Montmorillonite/Titanium oxide nanoparticle catalyst. Catalyst synthesis was performed via a modified sol-gel/ impregnation method. Ethanol was dehydrated catalytically using a tube-shaped packed bed reactor while catalyst characterization was through FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, TGA, and BET analysis. The Weisz-Prater and Mears' criteria were analyzed theoretically, and the catalyst particle size and reactant flow rate were adjusted experimentally to determine transport limitations. The results demonstrate an absence of gas-phase and intra-particle diffusion limitations for catalyst pellet diameter . This is attributed to the high effectiveness factor for particles obtained theoretically. Besides, the high fractional conversion obtained experimentally is an indication of constant ethanol conversion because there are no limitations on mass transfer. Ni-promoted MMT/TiO2 nanoparticle catalyst offers great promise for use in ethanol steam reforming for selective and cost-effective hydrogen production, as can be deduced from the results presented here.
Development Synergy and Optimization of Growth Conditions of Chlorpyrifos Degrading Bacteria Consortium
Authors: Anzazi Haro Lydia , Mwamburi Mjomba Fredrick , Mwagandi Chimbevo Lenny , Kamau Gicharu Gibson , Juma Tom Felix , Gona Makenzi Nzaro 
Published: January 2025

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) [O, O-diethyl O-(3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate)] is an organophosphorous used as a house hold and agricultural pesticide in various formulations has adverse toxic effects on human health which has created an environmental concern. In the recent years, degradation studies of chlorpyrifos have greatly increased but only a few biodegradations by consortia have been reported. This study aimed to develop bacteria consortia and optimizing their growth conditions of temperature and pH for effective biodegradation of chlorpyrifos. Experimental research design was used to determine optimum temperature and pH. Five consortia were assembled based on degradation ability. Group I consisted of all of the five bacteria isolates (Brachybacterium sp. (CP1), Exiguobacterium alkaliphilum (CP2), Advenella kashmirensis (CP3), Micrococcus luteus (CP5), Pseudomonas protegens (CP6) and Lysinibacillus sphaericus CP7). Group II was composed of high degraders (CP1, CP3 and CP5), Group III are moderate degraders (CP2, CP5 and CP6), Group IV low degraders (CP5, CP6 and CP7) and Group V, a mixture of low and high degraders (CP3, CP7 and CP6). Findings of this study showed that the optimal growth conditions of the bacteria isolates were pH and temperature of 7 and 25oC, respectively. Bacteria consortia had their optimal growth at a temperature of 25oC and 30oC, and pH range between 6 - 8. With Group I, III and IV with highest growth as indicated by high optical density. These results revealed the ability of these bacteria consortia (group I, III and VI) to be used in remediating chlorpyrifos contaminated environment. Further research is required to utilize these three consortia in a bioreactor in a way that is safe, affordable and environmentally friendly.
Supporting People Bereaved through a Drug- or Alcohol-Related Death
Authors: Cartwright Peter 
Published: January 2025

This pioneering book provides guidance for those helping bereaved adults through the process of grieving loved ones who died as a result of substance use.
People bereaved in this manner require very specific support through these unique circumstances, and this book contains contributions from a range of leading experts in the field on how to help people bereaved in this way, with examples of good practice. It combines theory, research and practice in a straightforward and untechnical way, clearly describing the complex, severe nature of these bereavements and how to support bereaved people through this complex grieving process. The book also explains bereavement, substance use and how addictive substance use can affect a family, and provides comprehensive case studies that illustrate how to support and counsel.
Rooted in specialist professional experience, this is the indispensable guide for all those whose work involves supporting these bereaved people, as well as being of interest to those bereaved this way and their family, friends and colleagues who may be supporting them.