bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary amelanotic malignant melanoma masquerading as adenocarcinoma prostate – A pathological dilemma
Authors: Kudunthail Jeena Raju , Sandhu Arjun Singh , Nalwa Aasma , Bhirud Deepak Prakash 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
A rare disease at an aberrant location can mimic a usual presentation of another disease. We report a case of primary amelanotic malignant melanoma of the prostate with clinical and histological characteristics that closely mimic poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma prostate.
Elevated prostate-specific antigen in Paget’s disease
Authors: Solav Shrikant Vasantrao , Inamdar Manohar , Savale Shailendra V. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
A 70-year-old man diagnosed with acinar adenocarcinoma prostate (Gleason score 4 + 4 = 8) underwent bone scintigraphy due to high serum prostate-specific antigen level (224 ng/mL; normal <4 ng/mL). Bone scan revealed moderately increased diffuse tracer uptake in the right hemipelvis, while the rest of the scan appeared normal, leading to suspicion of Paget’s disease. Gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan (CT) showed a PSMA-avid lesion in the left lobe of the prostate, with no PSMA uptake in the areas of diffuse sclerosis in the right hemipelvis, as seen on CT. This confirmed the diagnosis of Paget’s disease.
Pelvic lymph node dissection before or after laparoscopic radical cystectomy: An ambispective study comparing ease of surgery and operative outcomes
Authors: Kumaraswamy Santosh , Das Manoj Kumar , Pandey Abhishek , Mandal Swarnendu , Tripathy Sambit , Nayak Prasant 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
It is unclear when pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) should be performed during laparoscopic radical cystectomy. Proponents of PLND performed before cystectomy claim that early PLND skeletonizes the urinary bladder’s vascular pedicles, making cystectomy easy. Others contend that an early cystectomy provides space and flexibility during subsequent PLND. This first-of-its-kind study compared PLND before and after cystectomy for the ease of performing surgery (total operative time, cystectomy time, and PLND time) and the operative outcomes (number of lymph nodes removed, blood loss, and complication rates).

Methods:
This ambispective cohort study included a predetermined sample size of 44 patients. The first 22 patients underwent PLND after cystectomy (Group 1), and the following 22 underwent PLND before cystectomy (Group 2). The primary outcome was total operative time. Secondary outcomes included cystectomy time, PLND time, number of lymph nodes removed, blood loss, and complication rates.

Results:
The baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. The total operative time (344.23 ± 41.58 min vs. 326.95 ± 43.63 min, P = 0.19), cystectomy time (119.36 ± 34.44 min vs. 120.91 ± 35.16 min, P = 0.53), PLND time (126.82 ± 18.75 min vs. 119.36 ± 23.34 min, 0.25), number of dissected lymph nodes (13.27 ± 4.86 vs. 14.5 ± 4.76, P = 0.40), and blood loss (620.45 ± 96.23 ml vs. 642.27 ± 131.8 ml, P = 0.20) were similar in the two groups. The complication rates categorized by Clavien–Dindo grading were identical in the two groups.

Conclusions:
PLND done after cystectomy was comparable to PLND done before cystectomy regarding the ease of surgery and the operative outcomes.
Effectiveness of video role play with PowerPoint lecture on knowledge domain among medical students—An open label randomized control trial
Authors: Ramanathan Divya , George Neethu , Menon Aparna 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Video is an effective teaching and learning tool as it is one of the few mediums that has been used effectually in all facades of medical education both with face-to-face teaching and at a distance. During a specified amount of space and time, video description can provide more details, converting complex concepts into simpler ones. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of video role play (VRP) on knowledge domain among medical students.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The study was done as an open label randomized control trial among first-year medical students in a private medical college in a rural district in Tamil Nadu, where the subjects were randomized into two groups. The intervention group was given video role-play demonstration of the specified topic with a minute description. The control group was given PowerPoint lecture of the same topic. Baseline pretest and posttest score after two weeks was done to assess the effectiveness of video role play on knowledge domain among the students.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the population was 18.72 (0.71) years. The gender distribution showed that 70 (47.3%) were males and 78 (52.7%) were females. The result showed that Mean ± SD score of VRP posttest [9.36 ± 0.92] was significantly more in comparison with that of post score of PowerPoint [5.16 ± 1.98].

CONCLUSION:
This concludes that VRP can act more effectively in understanding a lecture than using PowerPoint method. It is an interesting and exciting teaching–learning method involving the active participation of the students and the faculty.
Effectiveness of feedback type on performance quality and satisfaction of nursing student: A comparative interventional study
Authors: Imanipour Masoomeh , Mirzaeipour Farshid , Hazaryan Mahsa 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although feedback has a major impact on teaching and learning, the type and way of providing it can have diverse effects. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two types of verbal and written feedback on nursing students' performance quality and satisfaction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This experimental study, that carried out in 2019, has a crossover design. The participants included 30 bachelors of science in nursing at Shushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, who were assigned to two groups of 15. The first group received first verbal feedback and then written, during basic nursing skills training. The second group received first written feedback and then verbal. At the end of each half of the training sessions, students' performance and their satisfaction were assessed by, researchermade observational checklists, and a satisfaction questionnaire, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and analyzed using Chi-square and paired t test. Significance level < 0.01 was considered.

RESULTS:
The mean scores of students' performance in the stages of verbal and written feedback were 15.7 ± 2.5 and 17.7 ± 2.3, respectively. Written feedback was more effective in students' performance (P = 0.001) and students were more satisfied with this type of feedback (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
According to the present study, using written feedback can improve the quality of students' performances and is associated with high satisfaction. Thus, professors should pay more attention to feedback in their educational processes and use different types of feedback, especially written feedback, in line with the context.
Estimation of type 2 diabetes risk score using diabetes risk test in Neishabour-Iran
Authors: Batani Fateme Zahra , Assarroudi Abdolghader , Armat Mohammad Reza , Vafaie Seyed Majid 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Preventing diabetes and identifying patients who are at risk for it is very important. This study was conducted to estimate the risk score of type 2 diabetes among adults living in Neishabour city in 2020.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 1000 people aged 25 years and older living in Neishabour (Iran) using a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection instrument included the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test (DRT), which is a screening instrument to assess the risk of type 2 diabetes. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS ver. 18, using independent t-test, Chi-squared, Fisher's Exact test, Mann-Whitney, path analysis, and regression of generalized estimating equation model at 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the subjects was 43.87 years (SD = 0.419) and 50.7% (n = 507) were female and the rest were male (n = 493). The risk of developing type 2 diabetes was high in 18.4% (n = 184) of the subjects. And the average risk of diabetes in people was 2.76 (SD = 0.057) out of 10 points. There was no significant relationship between gender and gestational diabetes with the risk of diabetes, but there was a significant relationship between age over 40 years, history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, lack of physical activity, and being overweight with the risk of type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSION:
Approximately, one-fifth of the subjects had a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the use of a simple and practical instrument such as DRT can be suitable for screening and early detection of Prediabetic state and type 2 diabetes.
Effectiveness of online sexual education based on the extended PLISSIT model on sexual function and sexual satisfaction in women undergoing breast cancer treatment
Authors: Zangeneh Sanaz , Savabi-Esfahani Mitra , Taleghani Fariba , Sharbafchi Mohammad R. , Salehi Mehrdad 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Despite therapeutic interventions having increased the survival rate of women with breast cancer, sexual dysfunction occurs in cancer survivors due to treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of online sexual education, based on the Ex-PLISSIT model on sexual function and satisfaction, on women undergoing breast cancer treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study was a quasi-experimental and interventional control study. It was conducted with a pretest–posttest design between April and July 2022 in Isfahan, Iran. The participants were divided into an intervention (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). The intervention group received sexual education based on the Ex-PLISSIT model that consisted of four levels of intervention, namely, permission (P), limited information (LI), specific suggestions (SS), and intensive therapy (IT), presented in four sessions. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Larson's Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to measure the sexual function and sexual satisfaction of the participants. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. P values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
The results showed that the mean of sexual satisfaction and function scores in the intervention group significantly increased after intervention. Moreover, the results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean of sexual satisfaction scores between the intervention and control groups after intervention (P = 0.020). Although there was a difference between the mean of sexual function scores in the intervention and control groups after the intervention, the t-test showed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.176).

CONCLUSIONS:
According to the results of the study, sexual education based on the Ex-PLISSIT model could effectively enhance sexual satisfaction of women undergoing breast cancer treatment. It seems that this model can help health care providers evaluate the sexual needs of the patients and provide appropriate suggestions in order to decrease sexual problems.
The effect of educational program based on the clinical practice protocol on treatment adherence, self-efficacy and quality of life of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Nourali Nastaran , Hosseini Meimanat , Ghasemi Saeed , Nasiri Malihe 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND AIM:
Educating the patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) before and after surgery is one of the most important factors for success in this surgery, as it improves their treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the educational program based on clinical practice protocol upon treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life of patients undergoing CABG surgery in Tehran, Iran, during the period 2021–2022.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This experimental study was conducted on 100 patients who were undergoing CABG and were hospitalized in a public hospital (Shahid Modarres Educational Hospital) in Tehran, Iran, in 2021–2022. Patients were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. Four questionnaires (demographic–clinical questionnaire, Modanloo's adherence to treatment questionnaire, Sullivan's self-efficacy questionnaire, and McNew's quality of life questionnaire) were completed by both intervention and control groups before and 1 month after the educational intervention. The intervention group received an education program based on the clinical practice protocol. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22 software.

RESULTS:
The results of the study showed that the intervention and control groups were similar in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The average scores of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life 1 month after the intervention were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Also, the average scores of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life were significantly higher 1 month after the intervention than before in the intervention group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of this study showed that education program based on the clinical practice protocol can be effective and useful for increasing the level of treatment adherence, self-efficacy, and quality of life of patients undergoing CABG.
Happiness index of medical students and related factors in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Yadav Priyanka , Joshy Vidhu M. , Thomas Beeson 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Happiness is an important factor for everyone's good health and general well-being. Medical students need to manage a lengthy medical curriculum, clinical postings, and the stressful environment of hospital setting, which may have considerable effects on their happiness. No such studies have been conducted in the remotely located Andaman and Nicobar (A and N) islands. Hence, the current study was conducted to determine the level of happiness and associated factors among medical college students of the Andaman and Nicobar islands.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 medical students of the A and N islands. The happiness of students was measured using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis.

RESULTS:
Among all the students, 42.5% were happy. There was a significant association between happiness and the relationship of students with family and friends, physical exercise, spiritual beliefs, the presence of stress, and traumatic events. The multiple logistic regression revealed that good relationship with friends increased the odds of happiness of students significantly with an adjusted odd ratio (OR) of 3.204 (1.641–6.257), whereas the presence of stress decreased the happiness of students significantly with an adjusted OR of 0.430 (0.254–0.730).

CONCLUSION:
Good relations with friends emerged as a positive predictor of happiness, whereas stress emerged as a negative predictor of happiness among the students. Hence, human relationships, stress management, physical exercise or sports, and orientation to spiritual health should be given emphasis in the medical curriculum.
Perceived leadership quality and empathy among Indian undergraduate medical students
Authors: Mondal Himel , Soni Sachin , Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Mondal Shaikat , Saha Koushik , Maharana Biswajit , Priyadarshini Bhagyajyoti , Behera Joshil Kumar 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Efficient leaders from the medical fraternity may understand healthcare in depth. Empathy is important for patient care, job satisfaction, and the psychological well-being of doctors. Empathic leadership is concerned with an interest in the people around them. This study aimed to observe the perceived leadership quality and empathy among Indian medical undergraduate students, find any correlation between them, and assess age, sex, and semester of study as predictor variables for leadership and empathy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted on Google Forms with undergraduate medical students in India with a convenient snowball sample. The Abbreviated Self Leadership Quality (ASQL) was used to find the leadership quality and the eight-item Empathy Quotient (EQ-8) to find the empathy. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated between ASQL and EQ-8 score. Age, sex, and semester were used as predictor variables in regression analysis with leadership and empathy as dependent variables.

RESULT:
A total of 439 (50.8% male, 49.2% female) Indian undergraduate students participated in the study. Males showed higher leadership qualities. There was no gender difference in empathy. Leadership was positively correlated (r
s =0.13, P = .006) with empathy in the overall sample. The age (P = .001), sex (P < .0001), and semester of study (P < .0001) successfully predicts leadership (F = 57.167, P < .0001). Although age, sex, and semester combined successfully predict empathy (F = 5.31, P = .001), individually, only a semester of study (P = .009) significantly contributes to the prediction.

CONCLUSION:
Male and female medical students show a similar level of empathy but male shows higher leadership quality. Leadership and empathy are positively correlated; hence, students with higher leadership quality would show higher empathy and vice versa. The age, sex, and semester of study are determinants of leadership whereas semester of study is the determinant of empathy.
Study of test anxiety amongst undergraduate medical students from the state of Gujarat
Authors: Patel Rujvee , Varma Jagdish , Phatak Ajay , Nimbalkar Somashekhar Marutirao 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Test anxiety is physiological and behavioral response that accompanies concerns about possible negative consequences of failure on an exam. Undergraduate medical students had their academics disrupted during COVID-19 pandemic. This study was done to assess levels of test anxiety among undergraduate medical students, its variance in relation to demography, COVID-19 pandemic, learning experiences, and individual factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Online questionnaire-based survey was done among undergraduate medical students from medical schools of Gujarat. Students from 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years who were about to appear in final exams from March to June 2021 and were asked to enroll on the survey. Apart from demography, COVID-19-related factors, learning experiences during lockdown, 10-item Westside test anxiety (WTA) scale was used to assess test anxiety levels and Kessler Psychological distress (K10) scale was used to assess level of psychological distress.

RESULTS:
Total of 370 students participated. Mean WTA Score was 3.15 ± 1; 60.2% of the respondents had moderate or higher levels of test anxiety. On bivariate analysis, WTA score was found significantly associated with year of study, coming from vernacular medium, various lockdown-related issues (poor internet connection, family financial problem, lack of information, worry about future), various learning experiences (self-rated proficiency with computers, feeling ill prepared for exams, feeling ill prepared for practical), and K10 score. Of these associations with K10 score, coming from vernacular medium and feeling ill-prepared for exams were maintained on multiple-linear regression.

CONCLUSIONS:
Vernacular medium of study during high school was found associated with test anxiety among medical students and can be a potential area of intervention. There may be merit in using WTA scale as a surrogate marker for distress in medical students.
Promoting students' health awareness and higher order thinking skills using E-projects strategy in learning physical and health education
Authors: Ahmed Taghread Elsayed , Seleem Heba Ali Ibrahim , Elsayed Ghada Mohamed Youssef , Housen Nour Taha Ebrahem , Abdelmoneim Mona , Eltanahi Nagla , Sofy Naglaa Mohamed Roby , Elshltawy Sara Nashat Housny 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Health awareness and higher-order thinking skills have become important requirements for higher education students because these skills make students effective problem-solvers. So, this study aimed to promote students' health awareness and higher-order thinking skills through the E-projects strategy in learning physical and health education.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The experimental study was conducted at Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, KSA, from September 5 to December 23, 2021. The study was conducted on 250 students (age: 18.23 ± 0.66 years). They were divided into 10 groups each group prepared a different E-project according to the intended learning outcomes of the physical and health education course. To collect data, two scales were designed, the first to measure health awareness and the second to measure higher-order thinking skills. Moreover, the ADDIE model was used during the implementation of the E-projects strategy in learning. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS:
The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between pre and post-measurement in all studied variables in favor of post-tests for the experimental group, as the mean differences in health awareness were (29.33) and ranged from (8.63: 10.01) in higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), the percentages of improvement for health awareness was 14.66%. While the rates of improvement in the higher-order thinking skills ranged between 26.28% to 48.78%.

CONCLUSION:
The major conclusion drawn from this study was that the application of the E-projects strategy in learning physical and health education using the ADDIE model significantly influences the improvement of students' health awareness and higher-order thinking skills in higher education.