bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for Depression in a Geriatric Rehabilitation Sample
Authors: Gantner Anita B. , Schubert Daniel S. P. , Wolf Sanford R. , Creps Philip 
Published: May 2005

Objective: To examine the utility of a short depression inventory (SDI) for use with elderly medical inpatients. Method: Subjects were 132 consecutive admissions to the inpatient geriatric rehabilitation unit at MetroHealth Medical Center, a general medical teaching hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. Sixty of the original sample qualified for inclusion in the final sample. Within the first five days of admission, all subjects were administered the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Ss who scored 20 or above were asked to complete the SDI and the GDI. A clinical interview used DSM-III-R criteria to establish the diagnosis of major depression. The order of presentation of questionnaire or interview was varied to control for the effects of presentation order. Results: When an optimal cut-off score of 4 or above on the SDI was used, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 85% respectively. Using the GDS, sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 90%. Conclusions: Using the SDI, impressive sensitivity and specificity were achieved. The SDI was also essentially equivalent to the GDI psychometrically. The SDI appears to have good promise as a depression screen in medical populations.
A Retrospective Study on the Perceived Need for and Actual Use of Psychiatric Consultations in Older Medical Patients
Authors: Swigar Mary E. , Sanguineti Vincenzo R. , Piscatelli Robert L. 
Published: May 2005

Objective: The authors examined the (under) utilization of the psychiatric consultation service for patients aged sixty to seventy-five who were hospitalized for medical reasons, and explored whether one could retrospectively document and identify a greater need for psychological support than the one reflected in the number of actual consultations requested. Three questions were addressed: 1) the psychiatric consultation rate; 2) the frequency of unrecognized medical, psychiatric, and psychosocial complicating factors; and 3) whether the distribution of these factors differed by gender. Method: Records of 203 consecutively-admitted elderly patients hospitalized on medical wards were reviewed by two experienced general hospital psychiatrists for any indication of medical, psychiatric, and psychosocial risk factors. The frequency of actual psychiatric consultations was also recorded. Results: Three or more risk factors were noted in the records of 36 percent of all patients. Consultation was sought for only 3 percent. Gender differences in type and distribution of risk factors were identified. Conclusions: Indicators and profiles that define probable need for psychiatric consultation were identified and briefly discussed. More well-designed, prospective studies testing these indicators and profiles are needed.
Membranverfahren zur Abtrennung organischer Dämpfe in der chemischen und petrochemischen Industrie
Authors: Ohlrogge K. , Wind J. , Scholles C. , Brinkmann T. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractDie ersten Erfahrungen mit Membranverfahren zur Abtrennung organischer Dämpfe wurden mit „end of pipe”︁‐Anlagen gewonnen. Beispielhaft stehen hierfür die Lösemittelrückgewinnung in der chemischen Industrie und die Bezindampfrückgewinnung in Tanklägern für Ottokraftstoffe. Bis zum Jahr 2004 wurden etwa 400 Anlagen unterschiedlicher Größe zur Lösemittelrückgewinnung und zur Benzindampfrückgewinnung von GKSS‐Lizenznehmern gebaut. Der Nachweis der hohen Verfügbarkeit der Anlagen und der Beständigkeit der Membranen führte zu neuen Anwendungen in integrierten Prozessen. Beispielhaft stehen hierfür die Propylen‐ und die Ethylenabtrennung bei der Polymerherstellung und die Reinigung von Spülgas zur Nutzung als Kreisgas.
Anwendungen und Aufgabenstellungen der Nanofiltration in der Lebensmittelindustrie
Authors: Samhaber W. M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractMembranverfahren werden besonders häufig bei der Milchverarbeitung eingesetzt, z. B. zur Entsalzung von Molke. Dabei wird in zunehmendem Maße die Nanofiltration angewandt. Auch die Fruchtsaft‐, Bier‐ und Weinbehandlung sowie die Stärke‐ und Zuckerindustrie sind stark wachsende Anwendungsgebiete.
Zu sauer? – Nicht für Membranen!
Authors: Lyko M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBei Auswahl der richtigen säurestabilen Membranen und Module ist die Membrantrenntechnik auch für Anwendungen mit zum Teil extrem niedrigen pH‐Werten geeignet. Es lassen sich qualitative und wirtschaftliche Vorteile erzielen, die mit anderen Techniken nicht zu erreichen sind.
Nanofiltration mit keramischen Membranen
Authors: Voigt I. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAnwendungen von neuen keramischen Nanofiltrationsmembranen in wässrigen und organischen Lösungsmitteln werden vorgestellt. Kommerziell verfügbare, wässrige Anwendungen sind z. B. die Aufbereitung von gefärbten Waschwassern aus der Textilveredelung. Die Benetzbarkeit der Membranporen für organische Lösemittel wird durch ein spezielles Hydrophobierungsverfahren eingestellt. Besonderes Anwendungspotential besitzen diese Membranen zur Lösemittelreinigung und Abtrennung von Wertprodukten aus Reaktionsgemischen.
Reaktionstechnische Aspekte der enzymatischen Herstellung von NADPH im Enzym‐Membran‐Reaktor
Authors: Liese A. , Mertens R. , Wandrey C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractNADPH ist ein hochpreisiges Industrieprodukt, das sowohl in der pharmazeutischen als auch in der Lebensmittelindustrie verwendet wird. Zur direkten Synthese von NADPH sind bisher nicht viele Prozesse publiziert worden. In dieser Arbeit wurde ein Enzym‐Membran‐Reaktor (EMR) eingesetzt, bei dem das Enzym hinter einer Ultrafiltrationsmembran zurückgehalten wird.
Spin‐polarized scanning tunneling microscopy: Insight into magnetism from nanostructures to atomic scale spin structures
Authors: von Bergmann K. , Bode M. , Kubetzka A. , Pietzsch O. , Wiesendanger R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe system of Fe on W(001) is investigated using spin‐integrated as well as spin‐resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). This study ranges from three‐dimensional Fe islands down to the Fe monolayer and different growth modes are observed related to the preparation temperature. With scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), a layer‐dependent electronic structure is observed that can easily be used to assign the local coverage to the investigated sample areas. Spin‐resolved measurements of the ferromagnetic layers in the pseudomorphic regime immediately reveal the fourfold magnetic in‐plane anisotropy. A direct comparison of the observed arrangement of the domains of the exposed layers shows a rotation of the easy axis from the fourth to the third monolayer and a collinear magnetic alignment of third and second monolayer. This is confirmed by the quantitative analysis of the layer‐resolved intensities of differential tunneling conductance. The first monolayer does not show a magnetic component parallel to the surface but has a perpendicular anisotropy. For this layer, measurements with an applied magnetic field prove a c(2×2) antiferromagnetic structure, i.e., a checkerboard arrangement of spins. Microsc. Res. Tech. 66:61–71, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Imaging the switching behavior of superparamagnetic nanoislands by spin‐polarized scanning tunneling microscopy
Authors: Bode M. , Kubetzka A. , von Bergmann K. , Pietzsch O. , Wiesendanger R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractIn the past, spin‐polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP‐STM) was mainly applied to static domain configurations that do not vary in time. Here, we show that SP‐STM may also be used to image the thermal switching behavior of superparamagnetic nanoislands. Special experimental care has to be taken in order to allow the unambiguous interpretation of the obtained data. Most important, the imaging of superparamagnetic particles requires the use of antiferromagnetic probe tips as the stray field of ferromagnetic tips may modify the sample's intrinsic switching behavior. Our results show that Fe monolayer islands on Mo(110) switch thermally when their area is smaller than 40 nm2. Dipolar coupling between adjacent islands is observed at small inter‐particle distance. A pronounced shape dependence is found that confirms existing but yet unverified analytical predictions. The first experiments performed on Fe double‐layer islands on W(001) also show thermal switching events, but no clear‐cut size dependence is found. Microsc. Res. Tech. 66:117–125, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alternative model to human skin organ culture: A preliminary study with Leibovitz L15 medium
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudio de Jesus , Ohara Mitsuko Taba , Gama Patrícia 
Published: May 2005

AbstractOrgan culture has been used to maintain the three‐dimensional structure of the skin and the interaction between melanocytes and keratinocytes, which is essential for melanin production. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the general morphology, viability, and distribution of human melanocytes in a system that uses Leibovitz L15 medium at room temperature. By comparison with human skin explants maintained in Dulbecco's minimum Eagle's medium at 37°C, we found that the skin was better preserved with Leibovitz L15 after 7 days in culture. The addition of 10% fetal bovine serum to this medium did not promote any change. Dividing cells labeled with Ki‐67 were visualized at the basal and suprabasal epidermal layers. Retinoic acid was tested at 1 μg/mL and we recorded a reduction of the corneal layer after 48 hours and a complete detachment of the epidermis after 7 days, probably due to a toxic effect in the medium. Melanin and melanocytes were detected by ammoniacal silver and Dopa stainings under light microscopy. We observed that cells were viable throughout the culture period and melanin was distributed in melanocytes and keratinocytes. In conclusion, we suggest that the use of Leibovitz L15 medium at room temperature can be a viable alternative to the normal organ culture of human skin, which is an important system to study the activity and reaction of melanocytes to dermatological products and cosmetics. Microsc. Res. Tech. 66:139–144, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Consanguineous 3‐methylcrotonyl‐CoA carboxylase deficiency: Early‐onset necrotizing encephalopathy with lethal outcome
Authors: Baykal T. , Gokcay G. Huner , Ince Z. , Dantas M. F. , Fowler B. , Baumgartner M. R. , Demir F. , Can G. , Demirkol M. 
Published: May 2005

SummaryA patient with a severe neonatal variant of 3‐methylcrotonyl‐CoA carboxylase (MCC) deficiency is reported. The first child of healthy consanguineous Turkish parents presented on the second day of life with dehydration, cyanosis, no sucking, generalized muscular hypotonia, encephalopathy, respiratory depression requiring mechanic ventilation, macrocephaly, severe acidosis and hypoglycaemia. Elevated C5‐OH‐carnitine in dried blood spot by tandem MS and elevated urinary excretion of 3‐hydroxyisovaleric acid and 3‐methylcrotonylglycine suggested MCC deficiency, confirmed by enzyme analysis in cultured fibroblasts. Cerebral ultrasonography and cranial CT findings revealed progressive changes such as disseminated encephalomalacia, cystic changes, ventricular dilatation and cerebral atrophy. Treatment with high‐dose biotin and protein‐restricted diet was ineffective and the patient died at the age of 33 days with progressive neurological deterioration. Mutation analysis revealed a homozygous mutation in the splice acceptor site of intron 15 in the MCC β‐subunit. Early‐onset severe necrotizing encephalopathy should be included in the differential diagnosis of isolated MCC deficiency.
Galactosaemia: Early treatment with an elemental formula
Authors: Zlatunich C. O. , Packman S. 
Published: May 2005

SummaryClassical galactosaemia is caused by deficient galactose‐1‐phosphate uridyl transferase activity, and is treated by dietary galactose restriction. Despite dietary treatment, long‐term outcomes have not been uniformly favourable. Late complications may include speech abnormalities, ataxia, cognitive impairment, growth delay, bone alterations and ovarian failure. We report an infant whose erythrocyte galactose 1‐phosphate (gal‐1‐P) levels remained well above the treatment range on a low‐galactose (soy) formula. Once she was begun on an elemental formula (galactose‐free), gal‐1‐P levels decreased rapidly to within the treatment range. Urine galactitol levels decreased on the elemental formula but were within published treatment ranges despite treatment changes. These did not correlate with the gal‐1‐P levels. This case suggests further study be considered to determine whether a truly galactose‐free diet in infancy could alter the long‐term prognosis of classical galactosaemia.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in glycogen storage disease type Ia: A case series
Authors: Franco L. M. , Krishnamurthy V. , Bali D. , Weinstein D. A. , Arn P. , Clary B. , Boney A. , Sullivan J. , Frush D. P. , Chen Y.‐T. , Kishnani P. S. 
Published: May 2005

SummaryWe present a series of 8 patients (6 males, 2 females) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia). In this group, the age at which treatment was initiated ranged from birth to 39 years (mean 9.9 years). All patients but one were noncompliant with treatment. Hepatic masses were first detected at an age range of 13–45 years (mean 28.1 years). Age at diagnosis of HCC ranged from 19 to 49 years (mean 36.9 years). Duration between the diagnosis of liver adenomas and the diagnosis of HCC ranged from 0 to 28 years (mean 8.8 years, SD=11.5). Two patients had positive hepatitis serologies (one hepatitis B, one hepatitis C). α‐Fetoprotein (AFP) was normal in 6 of the 8 patients. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was normal in the 5 patients in which it was measured. Current guidelines recommend abdominal ultrasonography with AFP and CEA levels every 3 months once patients develop hepatic lesions. Abdominal CT or MRI is advised when the lesions are large or poorly defined or are growing larger. We question the reliability of AFP and CEA as markers for HCC in GSD Ia. Aggressive interventional management of masses with rapid growth or poorly defined margins may be necessary to prevent the development of HCC in this patient population.
Temperature Coefficient of Resistance of the High Pressure Phases of Si, Ge, and Some III–V and II–VI Compounds
Authors: Minomura S. , Samara G. A. , Drickamer H. G. 
Published: May 2005

The temperature coefficient of resistance has been obtained for the high pressure phases of silicon, germanium,and several III–V and II–VI compounds having the zinc-blende or wurtzite structure. The high pressurephases of all zinc-blende compounds were metallic. The high pressure phase of CdS is a semiconductor.
Data were also obtained on CdSe at room temperature and as a function of temperature. The transitionfound optically is also obtained electrically. The resistance-pressure curve for the high pressure phase has considerable structure. It is metallic.
An upper limit for the transition pressures of germanium and GaSb at liquid nitrogen temperature was established.
Elastic Moduli of Single-Crystal Zinc Oxide
Authors: Bateman T. B. 
Published: May 2005

New interest in zinc oxide has developed since it has been discovered to be piezoelectric. In line with this interest the zero field adiabatic elastic moduli have been measured. A high frequency, 60 to 500 Mc ultrasonic pulse technique was employed. Two crystals with sufficiently high conductivity to effectively short the electric field were available for the measurements.
A density of 5.676 g/cm3 was used to calculate the zero-field adiabatic elastic moduli. This density was taken as exact with reference to the error limits.
The moduli in units of 1012 dyn/cm2 at 25°C are: c11E = 2.097 ±0.1%, c12E = 1.211 ±0.15%, c13E = 1.051 ±0.15%, c33E = 2.109 ±0.1%, c44E = 0.4247 ±0.1%, c66E = 12(c11E−c12E) = 0.4429±0.1%.
Linear Dislocations in Nonuniform Stress Fields
Authors: Chou Y. T. , Louat N. 
Published: May 2005

Approximate solutions for the distribution of dislocation arrays under nonuniform stresses are given. Three basic types of stress fields are investigated: The finite power series, the simple exponential and simple trigonometric functions.
A number of quantitative examples are given. It is found that the number of dislocations in a piled-up array is particularly sensitive to the relative magnitude of the stress near the tail of the array.
Abundance, dispersion and parasitism of the stem borer Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize in the humid forest zone of southern Cameroon
Authors: Chabi-Olaye A. , Nolte C. , Schulthess F. , Borgemeister C. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThis study was conducted in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, in 2002 and 2003. The main objective was to investigate the effects of intercropping on infestation levels and parasitism of the noctuid maize stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller. Two trials were planted per year, one during the long and one during the short rainy season. Maize monocrops were compared with maize/legume or maize/cassava intercrops in two spatial arrangements: maize on alternate hills or in alternate rows. Spatial analyses showed that the stemborer egg batches were regularly dispersed in the maize monocrop and aggregated in the intercrops, as indicated by b, the index of dispersion of Taylor's power law. Depending on the crop association and planting pattern, intercrops reduced the percentage of plants with stem borer eggs by 47.4–58.4% and egg densities by 41.2–54.5% compared to monocropped maize. Consequently, larval densities were 44.4–61.5% lower in intercrops compared to monocrops. Intercropping maize with non-host plants did not affect larval parasitism. Up to two-fold higher levels of egg parasitism by scelionid Telenomus spp. were recorded in inter- compared to monocrops during the short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003. No differences were found among the mixed cropping treatments and parasitism was lower during the long compared to the short rainy seasons. It was proposed that differences in levels of parasitism were due to density dependence effects rather than the effect of the presence of non-host plants in the system.
Ballooning dispersal using silk: world fauna, phylogenies, genetics and models
Authors: Bell J.R. , Bohan D.A. , Shaw E.M. , Weyman G.S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAerial dispersal using silk (‘ballooning’) has evolved in spiders (Araneae), spider mites (Acari) and in the larvae of moths (Lepidoptera). Since the 17th century, over 500 observations of ballooning behaviours have been published, yet there is an absence of any evolutionary synthesis of these data. In this paper the literature is reviewed, extensively documenting the known world fauna that balloon and the principal behaviours involved. This knowledge is then incorporated into the current evolutionary phylogenies to examine how ballooning might have arisen. Whilst it is possible that ballooning co-evolved with silk and emerged as early as the Devonian (410–355 mya), it is arguably more likely that ballooning evolved in parallel with deciduous trees, herbaceous annuals and grasses in the Cretaceous (135–65 mya). During this period, temporal (e.g. bud burst, chlorophyll thresholds) and spatial (e.g. herbivory, trampling) heterogeneities in habitat structuring predominated and intensified into the Cenozoic (65 mya to the present). It is hypothesized that from the ancestral launch mechanism known as ‘suspended ballooning’, widely used by individuals in plant canopies, ‘tip-toe’ and ‘rearing’ take-off behaviours were strongly selected for as habitats changed. It is contended that ballooning behaviour in all three orders can be described as a mixed Evolutionary Stable Strategy. This comprises individual bet-hedging due to habitat unpredictability, giving an underlying randomness to individual ballooning, with adjustments to the individual ballooning probability being conferred by more predictable habitat changes or colonization strategies. Finally, current methods used to study ballooning, including modelling and genetic research, are illustrated and an indication of future prospects given.
Catalysis: principles, progress, prospects
Authors: Thomas John Meurig , Williams Robert J.P 
Published: May 2005

In this introductory paper, we endeavour to bridge the gaps that currently exist between the three main subdivisions of catalysis: enzymatic, homogeneous and heterogeneous. Hitherto, there has been a tendency for each of these three divisions to grow separately using their own concepts, phrases and techniques. However, there is much that unites them, not least the notion of the catalytically active site and, in particular, its often unusual (constrained) state of electronic or atomic environmental disposition. We identify many points of similarity between, for example, the mode of action of, metalloenzymes on the one hand and the recent generation of transition metal ions embedded within nanoporous (usually siliceous) solids on the other. Useful unifying principles emerge from considerations of free-energy/reaction-coordinate plots.
We present a number of tabulations and comparisons designed to facilitate the understanding of the mode of operation of existing, and the performance of new, catalysts. In doing so, we have drawn on our own work as well as that of others, including contributions that are to be found in this volume, with the intention of covering the great variety of catalytic phenomena.
Treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in relation to the patient's risk profile for progression
Authors: Trachtenberg John 
Published: May 2005

SUMMARYLower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) is a slowly progressing disease, with some patients progressing more rapidly than others. In 80% of patients who progress this is caused by the worsening of symptoms. The physician can predict the risk of progression from the patient's clinical profile; increased symptom severity, a poor maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and a high postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), are major risk factors for overall clinical progression of LUTS/BPH. A large baseline prostate volume and a high serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level are the predominant risk factors for developing acute urinary retention. After predicting risk, the most appropriate treatment should be established by balancing the benefits of treatment against the possible risks and bother resulting from adverse events. From the Medical Therapy Of Prostatic Symptoms study it can be concluded that monotherapy with an α1‐adrenoceptor (AR) antagonist is an appropriate treatment for many patients with LUTS/BPH. However, for those at high risk of progression (those with a large prostate volume and high PSA level), it appears more appropriate to add a 5α‐reductase inhibitor to the α1‐AR antagonist to obtain maximum relief of symptoms, and ideally to halt the progression of the disease. This was confirmed by the RAND Appropriateness Method study, in which 12 urologists determined the most appropriate treatment for patients with LUTS/BPH based on their clinical profile, combination of clinical variables and/or risk factors. This study also indicates that patients at very high risk of progression, with severe obstruction (poor Qmax and high PVR), are potential candidates for immediate surgery.