bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of a smartphone‐based intervention targeting anxiety sensitivity among women receiving emergency care after sexual assault: A pilot uncontrolled trial
Authors: Short Nicole A. , Brady Mahlon , Lechner Megan , Serrano Karen , McLean Samuel A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAnxiety sensitivity (AS), defined as the fear of anxious arousal, is a promising therapeutic target to reduce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom development after trauma exposure. Computerized AS interventions have been shown to be acceptable to individuals with PTSD symptoms and effective in achieving symptom reduction; however, to our knowledge, no research has examined AS interventions initiated in the immediate aftermath of trauma. We evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and credibility of a brief (i.e., ∼75 min of psychoeducation, ∼2 hr of ecological momentary intervention) smartphone‐based AS intervention in a pilot study. Participants were 12 women who presented for emergency care after sexual assault with high levels of peritraumatic PTSD symptoms. Most women who started the intervention completed the majority of it and reported using the techniques provided. Results indicated that participants perceived the intervention as logical and believed it would help in reducing their symptoms. Qualitative feedback was mostly positive but also indicated concern regarding intervention length. Although not the purpose of the study, results indicated medium‐to‐large, statistically significant decreases in AS, g = 0.74, and PTSD symptoms, g = 1.20. Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that this novel smartphone‐based intervention targeting AS was feasible, acceptable, and credible in this small sample of women receiving emergency care following sexual assault. Treatment outcome data must be considered in the context of natural recovery; however, these promising preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and credibility data support continuing to pilot the feasibility and potential efficacy of the intervention to reduce AS and prolonged PTSD symptoms.
Clarification of the margin status by the multidisciplinary tumor board following transoral robotic surgery for p16 positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Parvathaneni Aarthi , Patel Sapna A. , Houlton Jeffrey J. , Pang John , Futran Neal D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesMargin status interpretation following transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is challenging. This study aims to assess the discrepancy between status of margins as reported by the pathologist versus as determined by multi‐disciplinary team review (MDTB).MethodsA retrospective study of 57 patients with OPSCC who underwent TORS from January 2010 to December 2016 was conducted. Our primary outcome measure was the discrepancy between the surgical specimen margins as described in the pathology report versus final margin status that was determined after the multi‐disciplinary team discussion. Fisher's exact test was used.ResultsBased on the pathologist‐report, 29 subjects (51%) had positive margins, compared to 2 (4%) after multi‐disciplinary team discussion. Receipt of chemotherapy correlated with final margin status as determined by MDTB, not with initial main specimen margins (p = .02 and p = .08, respectively). With a median follow up of 28.4 months, two subjects (4%) had loco‐regional recurrence.ConclusionFollowing TORS, there was a significant discrepancy between status of margins as reported by the pathologist versus as determined by MDTB review. Chemotherapy was avoided in 93.1% of cases that were originally reported as positive margins by the pathologist with an acceptably low recurrence rate.Level of evidence4.
B─N Covalent Bond‐Based Nonfullerene Electron Acceptors for Efficient Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Zhengwei , Xie Juxuan , Yu Jiangkai , Zhang Yi , Cai Houji , Bai Yuanqing , Zhang Kai , Liu Chunchen , Huang Fei , Cao Yong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFEAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) are greatly influenced by the rational structure regulation of the central core unit. This study introduces a novel type of six‐membered fused electron‐donating core containing B─N covalent bonds to construct acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A)‐type NFEAs. By modulating the branching alkyl chains on the nitrogen atom, two NFEAs, BN910 and BN1014, are synthesized and characterized. Both molecules exhibit strong near‐infrared absorption, narrow bandgaps (≈1.45 eV), appropriate energy levels, and tunable molecular packing behaviors, positioning them as promising candidates for efficient NFEAs in OSCs. The investigation reveals that BN1014, with longer and C2‐branched alkyl chains, demonstrates superior intermolecular packing and morphology within active layers, leading to enhanced exciton dissociation, improved charge transfer, and reduced charge recombination in OSCs. As a result, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.02% is achieved for D18:BN1014‐based binary OSCs. Notably, BN1014 can be utilized as the third component in the D18:DT‐Y6 binary system to fabricate the ternary OSCs, and a PCE of 17.65% is achieved, outperforming 17.05% of D18:DT‐Y6‐based binary OSCs. These findings highlight the potential of heteroarenes featuring B─N covalent bonds for constructing high‐efficiency NFEAs in OSCs.
Double‐strand DNA break repair: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets
Authors: Tan Jinpeng , Sun Xingyao , Zhao Hongling , Guan Hua , Gao Shanshan , Zhou Ping‐Kun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDouble‐strand break (DSB), a significant DNA damage brought on by ionizing radiation, acts as an initiating signal in tumor radiotherapy, causing cancer cells death. The two primary pathways for DNA DSB repair in mammalian cells are nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR), which cooperate and compete with one another to achieve effective repair. The DSB repair mechanism depends on numerous regulatory variables. DSB recognition and the recruitment of DNA repair components, for instance, depend on the MRE11–RAD50–NBS1 (MRN) complex and the Ku70/80 heterodimer/DNA–PKcs (DNA–PK) complex, whose control is crucial in determining the DSB repair pathway choice and efficiency of HR and NHEJ. In‐depth elucidation on the DSB repair pathway's molecular mechanisms has greatly facilitated for creation of repair proteins or pathways‐specific inhibitors to advance precise cancer therapy and boost the effectiveness of cancer radiotherapy. The architectures, roles, molecular processes, and inhibitors of significant target proteins in the DSB repair pathways are reviewed in this article. The strategy and application in cancer therapy are also discussed based on the advancement of inhibitors targeted DSB damage response and repair proteins.
Whole‐liver flip‐angle shimming at 7 T using parallel‐transmit kT‐point pulses and Fourier phase‐encoded DREAMB1+ mapping
Authors: Runderkamp Bobby A. , Roos Thomas , van der Zwaag Wietske , Strijkers Gustav J. , Caan Matthan W. A. , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo obtain homogeneous signal throughout the human liver at 7 T. Flip angle (FA) shimming in 7T whole‐liver imaging was performed through parallel‐transmit kT‐point pulses based on subject‐specific multichannel absolute maps from Fourier phase‐encoded dual refocusing echo acquisition mode (PE‐DREAM).MethodsThe optimal number of Fourier phase‐encoding steps for PE‐DREAM mapping was determined for a 7T eight‐channel parallel‐transmission system. FA shimming experiments were performed in the liver of 7 healthy subjects with varying body mass index. In these subjects, first shimming and Fourier PE‐DREAM mapping were performed. Subsequently, three small‐flip‐angle 3D gradient‐echo scans were acquired, comparing a circularly polarized (CP) mode, a phase shim, and a kT‐point pulse. Resulting homogeneity was assessed and compared with estimated FA maps and distributions.ResultsFourier PE‐DREAM with 13 phase‐encoding steps resulted in a good tradeoff between accuracy and scan time. Lower coefficient of variation values (average [min‐max] across subjects) of the estimated FA in the volume of interest were observed using kT‐points (7.4 [6.6%–8.0%]), compared with phase shimming (18.8 [12.9%–23.4%], p < 0.001) and CP (43.2 [39.4%–47.1%], p < 0.001). kT‐points delivered whole‐liver images with the nominal FA and the highest degree of homogeneity. CP and phase shimming resulted in either inaccurate or imprecise FA distributions. Here, locations having suboptimal FA in the estimated FA maps corresponded to liver areas suffering from inconsistent signal intensity and T1‐weighting in the gradient‐echo scans.ConclusionHomogeneous whole‐liver 3D gradient‐echo acquisitions at 7 T can be obtained with eight‐channel kT‐point pulses calculated based on subject‐specific multichannel absolute Fourier PE‐DREAM maps.
2D sodium MRI of the human calf using half‐sinc excitation pulses and compressed sensing
Authors: Baker Rebecca R. , Muthurangu Vivek , Rega Marilena , Montalt‐Tordera Javier , Rot Samuel , Solanky Bhavana S. , Gandini Wheeler‐Kingshott Claudia A. M. , Walsh Stephen B. , Steeden Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeSodium MRI can be used to quantify tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in vivo; however, UTE sequences are required to capture the rapidly decaying signal. 2D MRI enables high in‐plane resolution but typically has long TEs. Half‐sinc excitation may enable UTE; however, twice as many readouts are necessary. Scan time can be minimized by reducing the number of signal averages (NSAs), but at a cost to SNR. We propose using compressed sensing (CS) to accelerate 2D half‐sinc acquisitions while maintaining SNR and TSC.MethodsEx vivo and in vivo TSC were compared between 2D spiral sequences with full‐sinc (TE = 0.73 ms, scan time ≈ 5 min) and half‐sinc excitation (TE = 0.23 ms, scan time ≈ 10 min), with 150 NSAs. Ex vivo, these were compared to a reference 3D sequence (TE = 0.22 ms, scan time ≈ 24 min). To investigate shortening 2D scan times, half‐sinc data was retrospectively reconstructed with fewer NSAs, comparing a nonuniform fast Fourier transform to CS. Resultant TSC and image quality were compared to reference 150 NSAs nonuniform fast Fourier transform images.ResultsTSC was significantly higher from half‐sinc than from full‐sinc acquisitions, ex vivo and in vivo. Ex vivo, half‐sinc data more closely matched the reference 3D sequence, indicating improved accuracy. In silico modeling confirmed this was due to shorter TEs minimizing bias caused by relaxation differences between phantoms and tissue. CS was successfully applied to in vivo, half‐sinc data, maintaining TSC and image quality (estimated SNR, edge sharpness, and qualitative metrics) with ≥50 NSAs.Conclusion2D sodium MRI with half‐sinc excitation and CS was validated, enabling TSC quantification with 2.25 × 2.25 mm2 resolution and scan times of ≤5 mins.
Alteration of skeletal muscle energy metabolism assessed by phosphorus‐31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy in clinical routine, part 1: Advanced quality control pipeline
Authors: Naëgel Antoine , Ratiney Hélène , Karkouri Jabrane , Kennouche Djahid , Royer Nicolas , Slade Jill M. , Morel Jérôme , Croisille Pierre , Viallon Magalie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractImplementing a standardized phosphorus‐31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P‐MRS) dynamic acquisition protocol to evaluate skeletal muscle energy metabolism and monitor muscle fatigability, while being compatible with various longitudinal clinical studies on diversified patient cohorts, requires a high level of technicality and expertise. Furthermore, processing data to obtain reliable results also demands a great degree of expertise from the operator. In this two‐part article, we present an advanced quality control approach for data acquired using a dynamic 31P‐MRS protocol. The aim is to provide decision support to the operator to assist in data processing and obtain reliable results based on objective criteria. We present here, in part 1, an advanced data quality control (QC) approach of a dynamic 31P‐MRS protocol. Part 2 is an impact study that will demonstrate the added value of the QC approach to explore data derived from two clinical populations that experience significant fatigue, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and multiple sclerosis. In part 1, 31P‐MRS was performed using 3‐T clinical MRI in 175 subjects from clinical and healthy control populations conducted in a University Hospital. An advanced data QC score (QCS) was developed using multiple objective criteria. The criteria were based on current recommendations from the literature enriched by new proposals based on clinical experience. The QCS was designed to indicate valid and corrupt data and guide necessary objective data editing to extract as much valid physiological data as possible. Dynamic acquisitions using an MR‐compatible ergometer ran over a rest (40 s), exercise (2 min), and a recovery phase (6 min). Using QCS enabled rapid identification of subjects with data anomalies, allowing the user to correct the data series or reject them partially or entirely, as well as identify fully valid datasets. Overall, the use of the QCS resulted in the automatic classification of 45% of the subjects, including 58 participants who had data with no criterion violation and 21 participants with violations that resulted in the rejection of all dynamic data. The remaining datasets were inspected manually with guidance, allowing acceptance of full datasets from an additional 80 participants and recovery phase data from an additional 16 subjects. Overall, more anomalies occurred with patient data (35% of datasets) compared with healthy controls (15% of datasets). In conclusion, the QCS ensures a standardized data rejection procedure and rigorous objective analysis of dynamic 31P‐MRS data obtained from patients. This methodology contributes to efforts made to standardize 31P‐MRS practices that have been underway for a decade, with the goal of making it an empowered tool for clinical research.
Paravascular fluid dynamics reveal arterial stiffness assessed using dynamic diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Wen Qiuting , Wright Adam , Tong Yunjie , Zhao Yi , Risacher Shannon L. , Saykin Andrew J. , Wu Yu‐Chien , Limaye Kaustubh , Riley Kalen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParavascular cerebrospinal fluid (pCSF) surrounding the cerebral arteries within the glymphatic system is pulsatile and moves in synchrony with the pressure waves of the vessel wall. Whether such pulsatile pCSF can infer pulse wave propagation—a property tightly related to arterial stiffness—is unknown and has never been explored. Our recently developed imaging technique, dynamic diffusion‐weighted imaging (dynDWI), captures the pulsatile pCSF dynamics in vivo and can explore this question. In this work, we evaluated the time shifts between pCSF waves and finger pulse waves, where pCSF waves were measured by dynDWI and finger pulse waves were measured by the scanner's built‐in finger pulse oximeter. We hypothesized that the time shifts reflect brain‐finger pulse wave travel time and are sensitive to arterial stiffness. We applied the framework to 36 participants aged 18–82 years to study the age effect of travel time, as well as its associations with cognitive function within the older participants (N = 15, age > 60 years). Our results revealed a strong and consistent correlation between pCSF pulse and finger pulse (mean CorrCoeff = 0.66), supporting arterial pulsation as a major driver for pCSF dynamics. The time delay between pCSF and finger pulses (TimeDelay) was significantly lower (i.e., faster pulse propagation) with advanced age (Pearson's r = −0.44, p = 0.007). Shorter TimeDelay was further associated with worse cognitive function in the older participants. Overall, our study demonstrated pCSF as a viable pathway for measuring intracranial pulses and encouraged future studies to investigate its relevance with cerebrovascular functions.
On the stability of mixed polygonal finite element formulations in nonlinear analysis
Authors: Sauren Bjorn , Klinkel Sven 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the accuracy and stability of the pressure field in nonlinear mixed displacement‐pressure finite element formulations in solid mechanics. We focus on two‐dimensional mixed polygonal finite element formulations with linear displacement and constant pressure approximations in particular. The inf‐sup stability of these formulations is assessed and compared with classical mixed finite element formulations. An analytical proof is presented, which concludes that the occurrence of spurious pressure modes depends on the chosen meshing strategy. It is shown that these spurious modes are successfully suppressed on any Voronoi mesh in both linear elasticity and nonlinear hyperelasticity without the need for any kind of stabilization. Several linear and nonlinear nearly‐incompressible examples with different discretization strategies and boundary conditions are considered to validate the analytical proof. A mixed polygonal finite element formulation based on the scaled boundary parameterization is used to approximate the field variables, however, the derivations presented herein hold for any lowest‐order mixed polygonal finite element formulation. The nonexistence of checkerboard modes on linear elastic Voronoi discretizations is shown graphically. By evaluating the incremental pressure in each Newton–Raphson iteration, the stabilization effect of the Voronoi discretization is demonstrated for nonlinear problems. In addition, the analytical proof is validated by the numerical (generalized) inf‐sup test.
Rapid screening, isolation, and activity evaluation of potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors in Polyporus umbellatus and mechanism of action in the treatment of gout
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhuang Siyuan , Li Sainan , Nong Yuyu , Zhang Yutong , Liang Jiaqi , Zhang Yuchi , Liu Chunming 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionStudies show that Polyporus umbellatus has some pharmacological effects in enhancing immunity and against gout.ObjectivesWe aimed to establish new techniques for extraction, biological activity screening, and preparation of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XODIs) from P. umbellatus.MethodsFirst, the extraction of P. umbellatus was investigated using the back propagation (BP) neural network genetic algorithm mathematical regression model, and the extraction variables were optimised to maximise P. umbellatus yield. Second, XODIs were rapidly screened using ultrafiltration, and the change of XOD activity was tested by enzymatic reaction kinetics experiment to reflect the inhibitory effect of active compounds on XOD. Meanwhile, the potential anti‐gout effects of the obtained active substances were verified using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and network pharmacology analysis. Finally, with activity screening as guide, a high‐speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) method combined with consecutive injection and two‐phase solvent system preparation using the UNIFAC mathematical model was successfully developed for separation and purification of XODIs, and the XODIs were identified using MS and NMR.ResultsThe results verified that polyporusterone A, polyporusterone B, ergosta‐4,6,8(14),22‐tetraen‐3‐one, and ergosta‐7,22‐dien‐3‐one of P. umbellatus exhibited high biological affinity towards XOD. Their structures have been further identified by NMR, indicating that the method is effective and applicable for rapid screening and identification of XODIs.ConclusionThis study provides new ideas for the search for natural XODIs active ingredients, and the study provide valuable support for the further development of functional foods with potential therapeutic benefits.
Trajectories of opioid consumption as predictors of patient‐reported outcomes among individuals attending multidisciplinary pain treatment clinics
Authors: Angarita‐Fonseca Adriana , Lacasse Anaïs , Choinière Manon , Kaboré Jean‐Luc , Sylvestre Marie‐Pierre , Dinkou Gillis Delmas Tchouangue , Bruneau Julie , Martel Marc O. , Hovey Richard , Motulsky Aude , Rahme Elham , Pagé M. Gabrielle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to identify opioid consumption trajectories among persons living with chronic pain (CP) and put them in relation to patient‐reported outcomes 6 months after initiating multidisciplinary pain treatment.MethodsThis study used data from the Quebec Pain Registry (2008–2014) linked to longitudinal Quebec health insurance databases. We included adults diagnosed with CP and covered by the Quebec public prescription drug insurance plan. The daily cumulative opioid doses in the first 6 months after initiating multidisciplinary pain treatment were transformed into morphine milligram equivalents. An individual‐centered approach involving principal factor and cluster analyses applied to longitudinal statistical indicators of opioid use was conducted to classify trajectories. Multivariate regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between trajectory group membership and outcomes at 6‐month follow‐up (pain intensity, pain interference, depression, and physical and mental health‐related quality of life).ResultsWe identified three trajectories of opioid consumption: “no or very low and stable” opioid consumption (n = 2067, 96.3%), “increasing” opioid consumption (n = 40, 1.9%), and “decreasing” opioid consumption (n = 39, 1.8%). Patients in the “no or very low and stable” trajectory were less likely to be current smokers, experience polypharmacy, use opioids or benzodiazepine preceding their first visit, or experience pain interference at treatment initiation. Patients in the “increasing” opioid consumption group had significantly greater depression scores at 6‐month compared to patients in the “no or very low and stable” trajectory group.ConclusionOpioid consumption trajectories do not seem to be important determinants of most PROs 6 months after initiating multidisciplinary pain treatment.
Vancomycin removal and pharmacokinetics during accelerated venovenous hemofiltration
Authors: Lopez Natasha D. , Griggs Michael , Sin Jonathan H. , Roberts Russel J. , Allegretti Andrew S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionVancomycin pharmacokinetics are affected by renal replacement therapy and physiologic changes in critically ill patients. Literature regarding vancomycin removal and pharmacokinetics during accelerated venovenous hemofiltration (AVVH), a form of prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy, is limited.ObjectiveTo describe the removal and pharmacokinetics of vancomycin during AVVH.MethodsEighteen critically ill adults receiving vancomycin and AVVH were included. Vancomycin serum concentrations were obtained within 4 h before and 2–6 h after the AVVH session. Patients' serum concentrations were plotted against time, and individual pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by a one‐compartmental analysis. Continuous data are reported as a median (interquartile range [IQR]) and categorical data as a percentage.ResultsThe median AVVH effluent rate was 39.3 mL/kg/h (IQR 35.5–48 mL/kg/h) for a duration of 9 h (IQR 8–9.75 h). AVVH decreased vancomycin concentrations by 29.8% (IQR 24.9%–35.9%), at a rate of 3.4% per hour (IQR 3.1%–4.3% per hour) of AVVH. The vancomycin elimination rate constant and half‐life were 0.039 h−1 (IQR 0.036–0.053 h−1) and 17.6 h (IQR 13.1–18.8 h), respectively. The area under the curve during AVVH was 171.7 mg*h/L (IQR 149.1–190 mg*h/L). The volume of distribution in 10 patients was 1 L/kg (IQR 0.73–1.1 L/kg). After AVVH, vancomycin 1000 mg (IQR 750–1000 mg) was needed to maintain a serum trough concentration ≥15 mg/L.ConclusionVancomycin is significantly removed by AVVH, which requires supplemental dosing after completion of the AVVH session to maintain desired serum concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin serum concentrations is recommended for patients undergoing AVVH.