bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5-Aminolevulinic Acid Tautomers: Theoretical Elucidation of pKa’s, Species
Distribution and Dimerization Constants
Authors: Mendoza-Sarmiento Gabriela , Guevara-García José Antonio , Pérez-González Adriana , Montiel-Corona Virginia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) applications in medicine and agriculture face
the challenge of stability. In aqueous solutions, concentration, pH, and temperature have
an effect on the loss of activity. Computational chemistry helps to determine tautomerization,
formation of derivatives and the stability, in different conditions, in a short time and
reducing the cost of analysis. This work aimed to model the 5-ALA molecule and its tautomers
in aqueous solution, determine its pKa and molar fractions at different pH, determine
its thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, and predict the degree of dimerization
under different conditions. Gaussian 16 program, Density Functional Theory, and the
M05-2X functional were used to obtain the stationary state frequencies. From the difference
in Gibbs free energy (ΔGs) between each acid/base conjugate, pKa values and molar fractions at different
pH's were determined. Equilibrium constants were calculated from the ΔGr at different temperatures. Using data
from the literature, the activation energy was optimized and the rate constants were obtained. A model was obtained
to approximate the half-life, t0.5, and shelf-life, t0.9, values for 5-ALA solutions. pKa values obtained, 4.40
and 7.87, coincide with the potentiometric determinations reported in the literature. The thermodynamic and
kinetics parameters calculated in this study correctly predict the percentage of 5-ALA dimerization at concentrations
≤ 0.075M (1.25%) and 15°C-50°C. This work integrates quantum chemistry and literature data to generate
a model for the degree of decomposition of 5-ALA at different pH, temperature and concentration. It will be
useful in applications in medicine, agriculture and other fields.
Double Bubble Electrospinning: Patents and Nanoscale Interface
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Li Ya , He Ji-Huan 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Bipolymeric nanofibers have gained significant attention in various fields
due to their enhanced functionality, improved mechanical properties, and controlled release capabilities. However, the fabrication of these composite fibers with a well-defined polymer-polymer interface remains a challenging task.

Methods:
The double bubble electrospinning setup was developed and simulated using Maxwell 3D
to analyze the electric field. PVP and PVA polymers were electrospun simultaneously to create bipolymer nanofibers with an interface. The resulting nanofibers were compared with nanofibers made
from pure PVA, PVP, and a PVA/PVP blend. The characterization of the nanofibers was performed
using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Results:
The SEM images showed the formation of PVA/PVP interfacial nanofibers aligned side by
side, with a diameter of a few thousand nanometers on each side. By increasing the voltage from 20
kV to 40 kV during electrospinning, the diameter of the nanofibers on the PVA and PVP sides was
successfully reduced by 60.8% and 66.3%, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of
both PVA and PVP in the bipolymeric interfacial nanofibers. TGA analysis demonstrated a weight
retention of 14.28% compared to PVA, PVP, and the PVA/PVP blend even after degradation at
500°C. The Maxwell simulation of double bubble electrospinning revealed a stronger and more uniform electric field pattern at 40 kV compared to 20 kV.

Conclusion:
The study has demonstrated the potential of double bubble electrospinning for the fabrication of bipolymer nanofibers with an interface, opening new avenues for the development of
functional nanofibers.
Radioactive Iodine in Differentiated Carcinoma of Thyroid: An Overview
Authors: Singh Namit Kant , Ramamourthy Balaji , Hage Neemu , Nagaraju Sushmitha , Kappagantu Krishna Medha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Thyroid cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer in women and the fastest-growing
malignancy. Although surgery is still the basis of treatment, internal radiation therapy
(Brachytherapy) with radioactive iodine-131, which functions by releasing beta particles with
low tissue penetration and causing DNA damage, is also a potential option. The three basic aims
of RAI therapy in well-differentiated thyroid tumors are ablation of the remnant, adjuvant
therapy, and disease management. Radioactive iodine dose is selected in one of two ways,
empiric and dosimetric, which relies on numerous criteria. The dosage for ablation is 30-100
mCi, 30-150 mCi for adjuvant therapy, and 100-200 mCi for treatment. The RAI treatment
effectively aids in the treatment to achieve complete removal of the disease and increase
survival. The present review intends to emphasize the significance of radioactive iodine in the
management of differentiated thyroid cancer and put forward the current breakthroughs in
therapy.
Potential of plant extracts to inhibit egg hatching and migration of Haemonchus contortus larvae
Authors: Aguilar-Urquizo Edgar , Marcín-Marrufo Erika Mercedes , Magaña-Magaña Miguel Ángel , Piñeiro-Vázquez Ángel Trinidad , Torres-Acosta Juan Felipe de Jesús , Itza-Ortiz Mateo 
Published: October 2023

Gastrointestinal parasitosis constitutes important health problems, aggravating throughout the years, due to inadequate use of drugs for its control, causing anthelmintic resistance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of Azadirachta indica (AZA) and Moringa oleifera (MOR) extracts in inhibiting egg hatching and in vitro migration of Haemonchus contortus larvae. A completely randomized design of experiment was carried out, where 15 treatments and a dimethyl sulfoxide negative control were evaluated: MOR-75, MOR-50, MOR-25, MOR-12.5, and MOR-6.25 mg/mL; AZA-75, AZA-50, AZA-25, AZA-12.5, and AZA-6.25 mg/mL; and thiabendazole (TBZ) TBZ-200, TBZ-100, TBZ-40, TBZ-20, TBZ-10 µg/mL. The extracts did not inhibit egg hatching capacity; however, we observed a motility decrease of up to 100% in L1 larvae. The extracts affected larval migration (P < 0.0020) compared with controls (dimethyl sulfoxide and TBZ), with migration rate inhibition above 65 %. Probit analysis showed that the median effective concentrations were 60.41 and 65.69 mg/mL for M. oleifera and A. indica, respectively. The in vitro results suggest that the water extract of both plants has an anthelmintic action against gastrointestinal nematode larvae.
Genetic profile of HIV-1 in the Republic Sakha, Yakutia
Authors: Kotova V. O. , Trotsenko O. E. , Balakhontseva L. A. , Bazykina E. A. , Sokolova L. S. , Kulagina V. N. , Fedorova R. N. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. To perform molecular-genetic analysis of HIV-1 variants circulation in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) and analysis of drug resistance mutations.Materials and methods. 123 patients diagnosed with HIV infection were examined. Mutations of drug resistance were detected via sequencing of amplified fragments of pol gene that is coding protease and a part of reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 using «Amplisens® HIV-Resist-Seq» test-system. Phylogenetic analysis was performed with software MEGA version 7.0.Results and discussion. Sub-subtype A6 that is prevalent in the Russian Federation was revealed most frequently (78.0%) in the examined group. Subtype B was detected in four cases (3.3%). Isolated cases of infection due to subtypes C, G and subsubtype A7 were revealed. Recombinant forms of the virus were found in 16.2% of the patients (n=20). Drug resistance mutations were revealed in 65 patients (52.8%) that were undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) which dictates a necessity of changing ART drugs.Conclusion. The results of the research state changes in the genetic profile of HIV-1 variants that were circulating during the last years in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia).
The structure of some blood-borne infections distribution among persons from penitentiary institutions the markers
Authors: Anufrieva E. V. , Serikova E. N. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Shchemelev A. N. , Davydenko V. S. , Reingardt D. E. , Zueva E. B. , Totolian A. A. 
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of serological and molecular genetic markers of HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C among persons in pre-trial detention.Materials and methods. The material of the study identified 138 samples of blood sequences obtained from men in the pretrial detention center in St. Petersburg. Patients were examined by ELISA for the presence of serological markers of HIV infection (Ag/Ab HIV), HBV (HBsAg, antiHBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG) and HCV (anti-HCV IgG). Determination of HIV and HCV RNA, as well as HBV DNA by PCR with hybridization-fluorescence detection in «real time» mode. HBV DNA with a low viral form was detected using a technique developed at the Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute.Results and discussion. With the prevalence of the general prevalence of serological markers, markers of HIV infection were detected in 55 (39.86%) patients, HBV — in 73 (52.90%), HCV — in 83 (60.14%). the same markers of HIV infection and HBV were detected in 6 (4.35%) examined, HIV infection and HCV in 17 (12.32%), HBV and HCV in 22 (15.94%) persons, to all three infections in 26 (18.84%) cases. In 22 (15.94%) people did not notice any of the analyzed markers. HIV RNA was found in 23.19%, HCV RNA — in 46.38%, HBV DNA — in 10.14% of the examined. At the same time, HBV DNA with a low viral form (less than 50 IU/ml) was detected in 7.97% of cases, including 6.52% of seronegative samples. Simultaneously, HIV and HCV RNA were detected in 6.52%, HCV RNA and HBV DNA in 2.17% of patients. Molecular biological markers of all three indicators were found in 1.45% of patients. The examined group was ranked by age into the following subgroups: 21– 30 years old (12.32%), 31–40 years old (34.78%), 41–50 years old (37.68%) and older than 51 years old (15.22%). Certain differences in the prevalence and distribution of the analysis of serological and molecular biological markers between age markers, the highest frequency was found for groups of 31–40 and 41–50 years.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate a high prevalence of HIV infections and parenteral viral hepatitis B and C among persons convicted and awaiting a stage in a pre-trial detention center. Careful attention must be paid to their admission to penitentiary institutions, since many convicts are not aware of their morbidity and may become infected. Regular conclusions, concluded in dynamics, including laboratory diagnostics using highly sensitive molecular biological methods, upon admission to a penitentiary institution, and then annually and upon release, should be taken into account as measures to prevent infection with HIV, HBV, HCV.
Styrets verdiskaping
Authors: Søland Pål 
Published: October 2023

I denne artikkelen ser vi på styrets verdiskaping gjennom fire styreperspektiver: kontroll, støtte, ressurs og interessent. Det argumenteres for at styret når sitt verdiskapende potensial når
1.	en integrerer de ulike perspektivene på styre­arbeid,
2.	når styrearbeidet tilpasses situasjonen, og
3.	en klarer å mestre dualiteten med styrets kontroll- og støttefunksjon.
Videre ser vi på forståelsen om styrets verdiskaping som et verktøy der en kan a)analysere behovet for styret, b)samle styremedlemmer rundt et felles verdiskapende mål, og c)identifisere hvor en selv har et fortrinn.
Finn.no: En metode for disiplinert strategisk eksperimentering
Authors: Lome Karina Birkeland , Andersen Espen 
Published: October 2023

Casen beskriver Finn.no, som hadde en dominerende markedsandel, men som likevel var opptatt av en kontinuerlig innovasjonsprosess for å møte konkurransen. Den introduserer verktøyet «ledersnurren»; som er en metamodell, som beskriver hvordan man jobber, og illustrerer hvordan tenke og hvordan lede.
«Snurren» tok utgangspunkt i tre spørsmål som måtte besvares av ledelsen:
•	Hvem skaper vi verdi for?
•	Hvilken verdi skaper vi?
•	Hvordan vet vi at vi skaper verdi?
Artikkelen er skrevet i formatet undervisningscase, som har en åpen slutt og overlater til leseren å reflektere over hvordan læringen i denne casen kan overføres til egen situasjon.
Fenomenet som beskrives
Finn.no er et glimrende eksempel på en digital organisasjon der ledelsen gir slipp på visse oppgaver og lar dataene bestemme, samtidig som endringer og innovasjonsoppgaver presses nedover i organisasjonen. Resultatet er en datadrevet organisasjon som bedriver kontinuerlig innovasjon basert på hva markedet sier.
Teoretisk forankring
Finn.nos arbeidsprosess er forankret i litteratur om agil systemutvikling og designtenkning. Noen publikasjoner som diskuterer dette i organisasjonssammenheng er bl.a.
Andersen, E., Johnson, J.C., Kolbjørnsrud, V. & Sannes, R. (2018). Chapter 2: The data-driven organization: Intelligence at SCALE, i Sasoon, A. (red.) At the Forefront, Looking Ahead (s.23–42).
Snow, C.C., Fjeldstad, Ø.D. & Langer, A.M. (2017). Designing the digital organization. Journal of Organization Design, 6:7.
Motivasjonstenkningen bak «snurren» er inspirert av Pink, Daniel H. (2011). Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us, USA: Riverhead Books
Informasjonsgrunnlag
Casen er skrevet på bakgrunn av samtaler med Karina Birkeland Lome og en rekke samtaler og interaksjoner (lederopplæring, strategidiskusjoner) både med Finn.no, Schibsteds ledelse og DNB.
Opp som en løve og ned som en skinnfell – hvor er departementet?
Authors: Kinserdal Finn , Røsok Kjell Ove 
Published: October 2023

Dette nummeret av Magma burde inneholdt en oppdatering av sentrale lover for oss økonomer. De siste årene har vi hatt fire sentrale lover opp til revurdering: aksjeloven, regnskapsloven, regnskapsførerloven og revisorloven. For alle disse fire lovene gikk politikere og departementene høyt ut på banen med hensyn til ambisjonsnivå, tydelige mandater ble gitt, endringene skulle bli vesentlige, effektivtetsgevinstene skulle bli vesentlige. Utvalg ble nedsatt med korte tidsfrister. De jobbet steinhardt og leverte – og siden …? Vel, mange år senere står vi i dag igjen med helt marginale endringer, mange ting er satt på vent, og vi som jobber innenfor feltene, lurer på «hva nå?», mens departementene er ganske tause.
Numerical Modelling of Thermoacoustic Stirling Engines & Refrigerators
Authors: Butson Holly 
Published: October 2023

Thermoacoustic machines depend on the complex relationship between thermodynamics and acoustics, and thus understanding it is vital in order to analyse the working principles and optimise parameters (i.e. geometrical or operational) to improve their performance. This paper investigates how numerical modelling can be used to explore this relationship and compares the accuracy of the performance predictions for different numerical simulation software. The software used included one designed for modelling Stirling machines called ‘Sage’ and one designed for modelling thermoacoustic machines called ‘DeltaEC’. To compare their results a model of both a thermoacoustic Stirling engine and refrigerator were developed from existing models in published papers, which contained experimental data to validate the numerical models. The results from the thermoacoustic Stirling engine model show that there is good agreement between the predictions from DeltaEC and the experimental data, as well as relatively good agreement between the Sage and DeltaEC predictions. However, due to Sage requiring a different approach to model the boundary conditions for the standing wave type machine (i.e. one end closed) the predictions varied slightly from those by DeltaEC. The results from the thermoacoustic Stirling refrigerator model, however, show improved agreement between the predictions from Sage and DeltaEC – potentially due to Sage and DeltaEC using a similar approach to model the boundary conditions for the travelling wave type (i.e. two open ends). Overall, it was found that although both can accurately model travelling wave thermoacoustic machines, the nature of Sage’s solving method makes it more complex to model the standing wave type compared to DeltaEC. A discussion on the use of numerical models as a tool for better understanding thermoacoustic machines, and the importance of the accuracy of the results to allow for optimisation and improvement in their design is presented.
Intranasal dexmedetomidine as premedication for magnetic resonance imaging examinations in dogs with neurological disorders mitigates hypotension and hypothermia
Authors: Lin Pei-Jyuan , Lin Lee-Shuan , Chung Cheng-Shu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine as a premedication for preventing hypotension and hypothermia in canine patients undergoing MRI examinations.

ANIMALS
Dogs undergoing MRI examinations for neurological disorders were enrolled in this study. The dogs were randomly assigned: 15 to the N-Dex group (without premedication) and 13 to the Dex group (125 μg/m2 of dexmedetomidine, intranasally, as a premedication).

METHODS
During the examination, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded every 5 minutes for the first 30 minutes. Body temperature was measured before and after the examination. Any adverse events during the procedure were documented.

RESULTS
Significant changes in pulse rate during the examination were not distinguishable. Although blood pressure and body temperature decreased in both groups under anesthesia, dogs in the Dex group had a significantly smaller drop in blood pressure and body temperature and fewer hypotension events than those in the N-Dex group MRI examinations of 1 hour’s duration. Two dogs in the Dex group exhibited bradycardia at 45 and 60 minutes of MRI examination, which resolved after receiving atipamezole.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our results indicate that intranasal administration of 125 μg/m2 of dexmedetomidine as premedication is safe and can potentially mitigate hypothermia and hypotension in dogs with neurological disorders during MRI examinations.
Сardiac index and stroke volume variation estimated by the pulse wave transit time analysis in comparison with variables derived by pulse contour analysis after coronary revascularization on a beating heart
Authors: Volkov D. A. , Fot E. V. , Smetkin A. A. , Semenkova T. N. , Paromov K. V. , Kuzkov V. V. , Kirov M. Yu. 
Published: October 2023

The objective was to validate cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume variation (SVV) measured by pulse wave transit time (PWTT) technology using estimated continuous cardiac output (esCCO) technique, with pulse contour analysis (PCA) after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB)Materials and methods. The study involved 21 patients after elective OPCAB. In all patients, CI and SVV were measured with both esCCO technique (CIesCCO and esSVV) and PCA (CIPCA and SVVPCA). The agreement between methods was analyzed using correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis. In addition, the trending ability of esCCO technique to control changes in CI during dynamic tests was investigated. Results. During the study, 178 pairs for CI and 174 pairs for SVV were collected. The mean bias between CIesCCO and CIPCA was 0.06 L·min–1 m–2 with limits of agreement of ± 0.92 L·min–1 m–2 and a percentage error of 35.3%. The concordance rate of CIesCCO was 70%. The mean bias between esSVV and SVVPCA achieved – 6.1% with limits of agreement of ± 15.5% and percentage error of 137%.Conclusions. The coherence of CIesCCO and esSVV based on PWTT in comparison with PCA is not appropriate. Further development of this monitoring algorithm may be required for more correct measurement of cardiac output and fluid responsiveness
Risk factors, criteria and biomarkers of acute kidney injury in the perioperative period
Authors: Neimark M. I. , Burenkin A. A. , Elchaninova S. E. , Raevsky V. M. , Raikin I. D. 
Published: October 2023

It is becoming increasingly important to prevent complications of surgical treatment, including perioperative acute kidney injury due to prolongation of life expectancy and age-related multicomorbidity. The objective was to review the recommendations of the expert groups and the studу results on risk factors, criteria and biomarkers of perioperative acute kidney injury.Materials and methods. Reports on search results for the last 15 years as of May 15, 2023 in the eLibrary, PubMed databases for the keywords «acute kidney injury», «biomarker», «perioperative period». The inclusion of reports in the review and their evaluation are based on the authors consensus. Results. In the perioperative period, acute kidney injury without a decrease in diuresis and/or an increase in serum creatinine levels up to a certain time may occur. This condition, which varies in causes and mechanisms of development, is potentially reversible with timely detection and treatment. The study of both biomarkers that surpass creatinine and diuresis in the timing and accuracy of detecting kidney damage/dysfunction, as well as tools for a comprehensive assessment and risk stratification of perioperative acute kidney injury, have not yet been completed with evidence-based conclusions. Conclusion. The strategy of using laboratory biomarkers in combination with the clinical context and risk factors for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of subclinical acute kidney injury of various origins, supported by the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (2020), could be implemented based on additional evidence from future clinical studies.
فاعلية برنامج نفسي للمهارات العقلية في اتخاذ القرار لحكام الدرجة الثانية بكرة القدم
Authors: جلال ابراهيم احمد , عباس عبد سعد 
Published: October 2023

استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي ذا المجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبارات القبلية و البعدية , و حددت عينة البحث بحكام الدرجة الثانية في محافظة كركوك ومعتمدين لدى الاتحاد العراقي المركزي لكرة القدم البالغ عددهم (12) وهم يشكلون نسبة (3,252%) من مجتمع البحث البالغ عددهم (369) حكماً.
في ضوء محتوى مناقشة النتائج توصل الباحثان الى الاستنتاجات الاتية:

ان التمرينات الخاصة التي اعدها الباحث كان لها تأثير ايجابي في اجتياز الحكام لاختبارات اللياقة البدنية لحكام الدرجة الثانية في الاختبار البعدي.
ان طرق التدريب التكراري و الفتري المرتفع الشدة كان له دور ايجابي في تطوير القدرات البدنية ( السرعة, تحمل السرعة , القوة المميزة بالسرعة , الرشاقة ).

في ضوء تلك النتائج وضع الباحثان عدة توصيات

حث لجان الحكام في الاتحادات الفرعية على تنظيم محاضرات تثقيفية تدور حول المفاهيم النفسية الذي يحتاجه الحكم في المباريات .
الاعتماد على البرنامج النفسي المعد من قبل الباحث في تصميم البرامج النفسية لمختلف الانشطة الرياضية .

ضرورة ربط التدريبات البدنية بالنفسية خلال وحدات التدريب لان المهارات العقلية له دور الهام في قيادة المباريات.
تمرينات مركبة خاصة وتأثيرها في عدد من المتغيرات البدنية لحراس مرمى كرة القدم الشباب
Authors: طه احمد احمد , عصام نعمان حمودي 
Published: October 2023

يهدف البحث الى :-

اعداد تمرينات مركبة لتطوير بعض المتغيرات البــــــــــدنية لحـــــــــــــراس مرمى كــــــــرة القــــــــــــدم الشباب.
الكشف عن تأثير التمرينات المركبة في بعض المتغيرات البدنية لحراس مرمى كرة القدم الشباب.
التعرف على نسبة تطور بعض المتغيرات البدنية لحراس مرمى كرة القدم الشباب.

استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي لملائمته وطبيعة مشكلة البحث.
تم تحديد مجتمع البحث وهم حراس مرمى كرة القدم لأندية محافظة صلاح الدين للأعمار ( لفئة الشباب) والبالغ عددهم (24) حارسا موزعين على ثمان اندية، اما عينة البحث فتم اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية وهم حراس مرمى نادي شباب الدور الرياضي للأعمار (فئة الشباب) والبالغ عددهم (4) حراس مرمى يمثلون نادي شباب الدور الرياضي وبذلك فهم يمثلون نسبة (16.666%) من مجتمع الأصل، ويعود سبب اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية وذلك لوجود ملاعب متكاملة لتطبيق متغيرات البحث وتعاون النادي مع الباحثان.
واستخدم الباحثان البرنامج الاحصائي ( ( SPSSباستخدام الحاسوب لمعالجة الدرجات الخام التي تم الحصول عليها من الاختبارات القبيلة والبعدية .
ومن خلال النتائج التي توصل اليها الباحثان استنتجا ما يلي:
للتمرينات المركبة تأثير فعال في تطوير بعض المتغيرات البدنية
استخدام التمرينات المركبة ضمن المنهج التدريبي لحراس المرمى، لها تأثير فعال في تطوير قدراتهم البدنية.