bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cementodentinal Tear: A Case Report With 7‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Chou James , Rawal Yeshwant B. , O'Neil Joseph R. , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Cemental tears are an uncommon form of root fracture that can lead to rapid localized attachment loss. Typically, the separation of the fragment occurs at the cementodentinal junction. In this report, we present a case of periodontal involvement associated with a cemental tear‐like fragment that proved to be a cementodentinal tear. We also review the literature on the clinical presentation of cemental tear associated periodontal lesions.Methods: A 52‐year‐old male presented with acute pain on the maxillary right second premolar. Clinically, probing depth of 7 mm and inflammation were noted on the distal aspect of tooth #4. Radiographic examination revealed separation of cervical root structure on the distal aspect of the tooth, involving two‐thirds of the root length. The root fragment was removed, and the localized defect was treated by open flap debridement along with scaling and root planing. The patient was then placed on a regular periodontal maintenance schedule.Results: A postoperative probing depth of 2 mm with 1 mm recession was recorded at 3 months, and maintained for 7 years. Histological examination indicated that the detached root fragment contained dentin with overlying acellular cementum and associated periodontal ligament tissue. The fragment was estimated to represent as much as 20% of the total root surface area.Conclusion: Moderate to severe periodontal attachment loss associated with cemental or cementodentinal tears, even ones constituting a significant portion of the root surface, can be successfully treated with conventional periodontal surgical procedures and maintained long term with a proper maintenance regimen. J Periodontol 2004;75:1708‐1713.
Desquamative Gingivitis Associated With IgG/IgA Pemphigoid Presents a Challenging Diagnosis and Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Sánchez Andrés R. , Rogers Roy S. , Kupp Leo I. , Sheridan Phillip J. 
Published: February 2005

Background: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a heterogeneous group of autoimmune blistering disorders characterized by subepithelial separation and the deposition of immunoglobulins and complement along the basement membrane zone (BMZ). This disease is diagnosed with direct immunofluorescence testing showing a linear deposition of immunoglobulins and/or complement along the BMZ and indirect immunofluorescence testing showing circulating IgG (and sometimes IgA) autoantibodies along the BMZ. In this case report we describe desquamative gingivitis secondary to IgG/IgA pemphigoid and the management of this challenging variant of MMP.Methods: Routine histology, direct immunofluorescence testing, and indirect immunofluorescence testing were utilized and correlated to the clinical findings to diagnose this unusual immunobullous disease.Results: Direct and indirect immunofluorescence testing confirmed the clinical diagnosis of IgG/IgA pemphigoid as the cause of desquamative gingivitis and the other mucosal findings in this patient. A treatment program including dapsone and other drugs completely resolved the oral lesions after 14 months of therapy.Conclusions: Desquamative gingivitis associated with IgG/IgA pemphigoid can be challenging to diagnose and treat. After 14 months of treatment, a combination therapy consisting of dapsone with cimetidine and vitamin E to enhance drug efficacy and frequent intramuscular administrations of triamcinolone achieved control of both the oral and genital elements of IgG/IgA pemphigoid in this patient. J Periodontol 2004;75:1714‐1719.
Duplication of chromosome 4q: Renal pathology of two siblings
Authors: Otsuka Taketo , Fujinaka Hidehiko , Imamura Masaru , Tanaka Yasuki , Hayakawa Hiroshi , Tomizawa Shuichi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe report on two sibs with partial 4q trisomy: dup (4)(q35.2‐q31.22) and their renal biopsy findings. Both of them show renal hypoplasia, although their chromosomal aberration lacks the minimal duplicated region 4q22‐q23 and/or 4q25‐q31.3, which had been shown to be associated with urogenital abnormalities and thumb malformations in previous reports. From the renal biopsy findings, the two sibs were diagnosed as oligonephronia. We summarize the 13 having published cases of duplication of chromosome 4q, and examine which segments have a close relationship to renal hypoplasia. We suggest that renal hypoplasia may be female‐prone, and may have a close relationship with duplication of 4q33‐q34. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genome screen for loci influencing age at onset and rate of decline in late onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Holmans Peter , Hamshere Marian , Hollingworth Paul , Rice Frances , Tunstall Nigel , Jones Sue , Moore Pamela , DeVrieze Fabienne Wavrant , Myers Amanda , Crook Richard , Compton Danielle , Marshall Helen , Meyer David , Shears Shantia , Booth Jeremy , Ramic Dzanan , Williams Nigel , Norton Nadine , Abraham Richard , Kehoe Pat , Williams Hywel , Rudrasingham Varuni , O'Donovan Mick , Jones Lesley , Hardy John , Goate Alison , Lovestone Simon , Owen Michael , Williams Julie 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe performed an affected sib‐pair (ASP) linkage analysis to test for the effects of age at onset (AAO), rate of decline (ROD), and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on linkage to late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a sample comprising 428 sib‐pairs. We observed linkage of mean AAO to chromosome 21 in the whole sample (max LOD = 2.57). This came entirely from the NIMH sample (max LOD = 3.62), and was strongest in pairs with high mean AAO (>80). A similar effect was observed on chromosome 2q in the NIMH sample (max LOD = 2.73); this region was not typed in the IADC/UK sample. Suggestive evidence was observed in the combined sample of linkage of AAO difference to chromosome 19q (max LOD = 2.33) in the vicinity of APOE and 12p (max LOD = 2.22), with linkage strongest in sib‐pairs with similar AAO. Mean ROD showed suggestive evidence of linkage to chromosome 9q in the whole sample (max LOD = 2.29), with the effect strongest in the NIMH sample (max LOD = 3.58), and in pairs with high mean ROD. Additional suggestive evidence was also observed in the NIMH sample with AAO difference on chromosome 6p (max LOD = 2.44) and 15p (max LOD = 1.87), with linkage strongest in pairs with similar AAO, and in the UK sample with mean ROD on chromosome 1p (max LOD = 2.73, linkage strongest in pairs with high mean ROD). We also observed suggestive evidence of increased identical by descent (IBD) in APOE ε4 homozygotes on chromosome 1 (max LOD = 3.08) and chromosome 9 (max LOD = 3.34). The previously reported genome‐wide linkage of AD to chromosome 10 was not influenced by any of the covariates studied. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between the serotonin transporter gene and alcohol consumption in social drinkers
Authors: Munafò Marcus R. , Lingford‐Hughes Anne R. , Johnstone Elaine C. , Walton Robert T. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractRelatively few studies have investigated the role of the 5HTT gene in intermediate phenotypes such as alcohol consumption in non‐alcohol dependent populations. A recent study reported an association with alcohol consumption in a student population. We attempted to replicate these findings and extend on this work in a representative, ethnically homogenous, non‐alcohol dependent sample of social drinkers in the United Kingdom. The short allele of the 5HTT gene was significantly associated with increased alcohol consumption (P = 0.03). There was suggestive evidence of a genotype–sex interaction (P = 0.04). Post‐hoc tests indicated higher alcohol consumption in men with one or more copies of the short allele, while in women consumption was highest among heterozygotes compared to both homozygote groups. Age at time of data collection and cigarette consumption were entered as covariates. These results replicate recent previous findings and suggest a possibility that this association may differ in men and women. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vascular endothelial growth factor gene variability is associated with increased risk for AD
Authors: Del Bo Roberto , Scarlato Marina , Ghezzi Serena , Martinelli Boneschi Filippo , Fenoglio Chiara , Galbiati Sara , Virgilio Roberta , Galimberti Daniela , Galimberti Gloria , Crimi Marco , Ferrarese Carlo , Scarpini Elio , Bresolin Nereo , Comi Giacomo P. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractConverging evidence points to a pivotal role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in neuronal protection and a lack of its activity in neurodegenerative disorders. To investigate this possible association, we screened the VEGF gene promoter for various well‐known single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in a series of 249 consecutively recruited Italian patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Genetic analysis indicated different distributions of two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the AD population compared with healthy control subjects. In particular, the frequencies of −2578A/A and −1198C/T genotypes were significantly greater in AD patients than in control subjects (23.7 vs 14.7% and 2.8 vs 0%, respectively). The −2578A/A genotype was associated with an increased risk for disease, independently of apolipoprotein E genotype. The risk was significantly increased with respect to various VEGF genotype combinations. In contrast, no difference in serum VEGF levels was detected comparing 96 patients and 49 control subjects. These findings suggest that polymorphisms within the promoter region of the VEGF gene confer greater risk for AD, probably by reducing its neuroprotective effect, and confirm the biological role of VEGF in neurodegenerative processes. Ann Neurol 2005;57:373–380
Clinical and positron emission tomography of Parkinson's disease caused by LRRK2
Authors: Hernandez Dena G. , Paisán‐Ruíz Coro , McInerney‐Leo Aideen , Jain Shushant , Meyer‐Lindenberg Andreas , Evans E. Whitney , Berman Karen F. , Johnson Janel , Auburger Georg , Schäffer Alejandro A. , Lopez Grisel J. , Nussbaum Robert L. , Singleton Andrew B. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe have recently identified mutations in a gene leucine‐rich repeat kinase–2 (LRRK2), which cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. Here, we describe two families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease caused by a LRRK2 G2019S mutation. We present here a clinical description of patients, including 6‐18F‐fluoro‐L‐dopa positron emission tomography and discuss the potential implications of this mutation, which alters a conserved residue in a domain required for kinase activation. Ann Neurol 2005;57:453–456
Subthalamic stimulation activates internal pallidus: Evidence from cGMP microdialysis in PD patients
Authors: Stefani Alessandro , Fedele Ernesto , Galati Salvatore , Pepicelli Olimpia , Frasca Stefania , Pierantozzi Mariangela , Peppe Antonella , Brusa Livia , Orlacchio Antonio , Hainsworth Atticus H. , Gattoni Giuseppe , Stanzione Paolo , Bernardi Giorgio , Raiteri Maurizio , Mazzone Paolo 
Published: February 2005

AbstractParkinson's disease patients benefit from deep brain stimulation (DBS) in subthalamic nucleus (STN), but the basis for this effect is still disputed. In this intraoperative microdialysis study, we found elevated cGMP extracellular concentrations in the internal segment of the globus pallidus, despite negligible changes in glutamate levels, during a clinically effective STN‐DBS. This supports the view that a clinically beneficial effect of STN‐DBS is paralleled by an augmentation (and not an inactivation) of the STN output onto the GPi. Ann Neurol 2005;57:448–452
Depressive symptoms, sex, and risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dal Forno Gloria , Palermo Mark T. , Donohue Janet E. , Karagiozis Helen , Zonderman Alan B. , Kawas Claudia H. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractDepression associates with increased risk for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), although it is unclear whether it represents an actual risk factor or a prodrome. To determine the relative hazard of premorbid depressive symptomatology for development of dementia and AD, we studied risk for incident dementia and AD over a 14‐year period in 1,357 community‐dwelling men and women participating in the 40‐year prospective Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Screening for depressive symptoms, comprehensive medical and neuropsychological evaluations were prospectively collected every 2 years. Time‐dependent proportional hazards of development of AD or dementia were calculated separately for men and women, with symptoms of depression detected at 2‐, 4‐, and 6‐year intervals before onset of dementia symptoms. Vascular risk factors were analyzed as covariates. Premorbid depressive symptoms significantly increased risk for dementia, particularly AD in men but not in women. Hazard ratios were approximately two times greater than for individuals without history of depressive symptoms, an effect independent of vascular disease. We conclude that the impact of depressive symptoms on risk for dementia and AD may vary with sex. Further studies assessing separately the role of depression as a risk factor in men and women are necessary. Ann Neurol 2005;57:381–387
Interaction between the strong anionic character of strong anions and the hydrophobic association property of hydrophobic blocks in macromolecular chains of a water‐soluble copolymer
Authors: Gao Baojiao , Wu Nian , Li Yanbin 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe copolymerization of acrylamide, sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl propane sulfonate, and styrene was carried out in a microemulsion medium, and ternary copolymers based on polyacrylamide, which contained both strong anionic groups (SO3Na) and hydrophobic blocks (polystyrene), were synthesized. The structures and compositions of the copolymer were characterized by various means (Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet, and elemental analysis). The aqueous solution properties were investigated with a florescence probe technique and apparent viscosity measurements, and the interactions between the strong anionic character of the anionic groups and the hydrophobic association behavior of the hydrophobic blocks was intensively examined. After the simultaneous addition of the strong anionic groups and hydrophobic association blocks to the main chains of polyacrylamide, the synergism of the electroviscosity effect of the strong anionic groups and the hydrophobic association effect of the hydrophobic blocks obviously enhanced the apparent viscosity of aqueous copolymer solutions, and the synergism of greater salt tolerance of the strong anionic groups and the strengthened hydrophobic association of the hydrophobic blocks in brine solutions resulted in increased salt resistance for the copolymer. However, the presence of strong anionic groups (SO) in the macromolecules weakened the intermolecular hydrophobic association effect of the copolymer in aqueous solutions to a certain degree; that is, the strong anionic groups produced a certain negative influence on the hydrophobic association effect of the hydrophobic blocks. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 714–722, 2005
Synthesis and characterization of PT/PS/SiO2 nanocomposite in nonaqueous medium by chemical method
Authors: Gök Ayşegül , Koçak E.Derya , Aydoǧdu Sibel 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe PT/PS/SiO2 nanocomposite of polythiophene (PT), polystyrene (PS), and SiO2 with a grain size of 100–150 nm was synthesized by chemical polymerization using FeCl3 oxidant in nanoqueous medium (CHCl3). The properties of PT/PS/SiO2 synthesized were compared to those of PT, PT/PS, and PT/SiO2 synthesized in the same conditions. The synthesized materials were subsequently characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The incorporation of PT in the composite was endorsed by FTIR studies. TGA revealed enhanced thermal stability of the PT/PS/SiO2 nanocomposite compared to that of PT. SEMs showed globular particles and the presence of clusters of composite particles. The conductivity of the PT/PS/SiO2 nanocomposite was measured as 1.30×10−7 Scm−1 and the conductivity value of PT (1.02×10−4 Scm−1) decreased with entiring PS and SiO2 to PT structure. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 746–752, 2005
Properties of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) films for drug‐controlled release
Authors: Wang Qun , Du Yu‐min , Fan Li‐hong 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWith bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model drug, drug‐loaded films of chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were obtained by a casting/solvent evaporation method and crosslinked by tripolyphosphate (TPP). The films were characterized by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The influential factors of drug‐loaded films on drug‐controlled release were studied. These factors included, primarily, the component ratio of CS and PVA, the loaded amount of BSA, the pH and ionic strength of the release solution, and the crosslinking time with TPP. The results showed that within 25 h, when the weight ratios of CS to PVA in the drug‐loaded films were 90 : 10, 70 : 30, 50 : 50, and 30 : 50, the cumulative release rates of BSA were 63.3, 72.9, 81.8, and 91.8%, respectively; when the amounts of model drug were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 g, the release rates were 100, 81.8, and 59.6%, respectively; when the pH values of the drug release medium were 1.0, 3.8, 5.4, and 7.4, the release rates reached 100, 100, 37.9, and 7.8%, respectively; the cumulative release rates of BSA were 78.4, 82.3, 84.3, and 91.7% when the ionic strengths of the release solution were, respectively, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4M; when the crosslinking times of these drug films in the TPP solution were 0, 5, 15, 30, and 60 min, the release rates attained 100, 100, 81.8, 65, and 43.3%, respectively. All the results indicated that the CS/PVA film was useful in drug delivery systems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 808–813, 2005
Novel nitrogen‐containing epoxy resin. I. Synthetic kinetics
Authors: Zhang Xing Hong , Wan Hong Mei , Min Yu Qin , Qi Guo Rong 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA novel nitrogen‐containing epoxy resin was synthesized by two steps: (1) condensation reaction between xyleneformaldehyde resin and phenol, to obtain thermoplastic xylenephenolformaldehyde (XPF) resin; and (2) addition reaction between XPF resin and triglycidyl isocryanurate (TGIC). The synthetic kinetics of XPF resin were intensively investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results showed that XPF resin, with different molecular weights and low content of free phenol, could be obtained by changing the reaction conditions. The kinetics of reaction between XPF resin and TGIC was monitored by GPC and epoxy value titration. The results showed that the percentage conversion of TGIC was >85% within 60 min at 140°C and the epoxy value, about 0.3–0.4 mol/100 g, varied with the reaction conditions. This novel epoxy resin exhibited good stability of storage and could be used as a basic resin for making prepreg and laminate. The structures of XPF and XT resins were characterized by IR and 1H‐NMR spectra. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96:723–731, 2005
Partial purification and characterization of phenobarbital‐induced house fly cytochrome P‐450
Authors: Fisher Charles W. , Mayer Richard T. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractTwo forms of phenobarbital‐induced cytochrome P‐450 were partially purified from the Rutgers diazinon‐resistant strain of house fly using cholate solubilization, polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitation, and chromatography on DEAE cellulose. The preparation of highest purity had an absorbance maximum of 452 nm, a specific content of 10.0 nmol/mg protein, and an apparent molecular weight of 60,000 when examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The yield of the highly purified cytochrome P‐450 was 2–3%. This form contained proportionately less cytochrome P‐420 than the original cholate solubilized microsomes, and is thus apparently more stable. A second form of cytochrome P‐450 having a specific content of 0.50–0.89 nmol/mg protein was eluted from DEAE cellulose with a 0‐0.25 M salt gradient. This is consistent with a previously reported elution pattern for Emulgen 913‐solubilized house fly microsomes. Several methods of solubilizing house fly microsomes were examined. High salt, 2M KCI, in the absence of detergents effectively solubilized cytochrome P‐450 (50–70% recovery) with little or no conversion to cytochrome P‐(420).
Identification of 20‐hydroxyecdysone and ecdysone from the pupa of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar
Authors: Feldlaufer M. F. , Lusby W. R. , Svoboda J. A. , Thompson M. J. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractNormal and reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with radioimmunoassay and mass spectrometry were used to identify the free and conjugated ecdysteroids (after enzymatic hydrolysis) from day‐4 pupae of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. Seven ecdysteroids were searched for, but only 20‐hydroxyecdysone (964 ng/g fresh weight) and ecdysone (367 ng/g fresh weight) were detected. Analysis of conjugated ecdysteriods after liberation by hydrolysis also indicated the presence of 20‐hydroxyecdysone (21.6 ng/g fresh weight) and ecdysone (2.4 ng/g fresh weight). Neither 26‐hydroxyecdysone nor the 3α‐epimers of 20‐hydroxyecdysone or ecdysone were detected.
Juvenile hormone and 20‐hydroxyecdysone as primary and secondary stimuli of vitellogenesis in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Borovsky Dov , Thomas Billy R. , Carlson David A. , Whisenton Lavern R. , Fuchs Morton S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractFemale Aedes aegypti that were fed blood and immediately abdominally ligated did not deposit yolk. Injection of 20‐hydroxyecdysone (1.5–5.0 ng) or topical application of juvenile hormone (JH) analogue methoprene (25 pg) did not induce vitellogenesis in these abdomens. When blood‐gorged ligated abdomens were treated with both hormones, however, vitellogenesis was stimulated in 60% of treated animals. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis indicated that vitellin concentration per follicle in treated animals was similar to that in intact controls. When ligated abdomens were first treated with methoprene and immediately injected with a crude head extract of egg development neurosecretory hormone, vitellogenin synthesis was induced at a rate similar to that in blood‐fed controls. Methoprene at this concentration (25 pg), did not cause an increase in whole‐body ecdysteroid titers. Larger amounts of methoprene (1.65 ng) were needed to stimulate egg development and ecdysteroid production.Implantation of ecdysone‐secreting ovaries into ligated abdomens did not stimulate vitellogenesis in the recipients. However, in recipients that were first treated with methoprene (25 pg), implantation of ecdysone‐secreting ovaries resulted in normal egg development.These experiments indicate that the appearance of JH precedes 20‐hydroxyecdysone in stimulating vitellogenesis following blood feeding in Ae. aegypti.