bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the psychosocial health of medical students
Authors: Jain Nitya , Ali Tahoora , Chaudhury Suprakash , Chaudhari Bhushan , Saldanha Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic had many psychological adverse effects due to fear and panic of infection. However social distancing and lockdown restrictions imposed to curb the spread of infection had an impact on the social life of people. The effects of this on the psychosocial health of the population were less explored area.

Aim:
To study the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the psychosocial health of medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on medical students with the help of an online Google Form administering a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic information; Coronavirus Social Distance Attitudes Scale and Attitude toward lockdown measure to assess favorable or opposing attitudes of participants toward social distancing and lockdown; Bergen Social Relationship Scale, Evaluation of Social System scale and Social Support Questionnaire to measure quality of social relations and social support satisfaction; and three item loneliness scale to evaluate feeling of loneliness.

Results:
The loneliness levels in participants were high (mean = 6.74 ± 0.79). There was a gender difference in the variables measured. Male students showed a favorable attitude toward social distancing (Positive social distance attitude scale P < 0.001, negative social distance attitude scale P < 0.001) and a better quality of social relations (Bergen Social relationship P < 0.001, evaluation of social system P < 0.001, SSQN P < 0.001, SSQS P < 0.001). However, male students scored more for loneliness as compared to females during the lockdown period (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The loneliness levels were high in medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown and even higher in males who were considered a non-vulnerable group. So the balanced approach between preventive restriction measures and the social connectedness of the population is advised for making social distancing policies in the future.
Biopsychosocial correlates of emotional problems in women during pregnancy and postpartum period
Authors: Javadekar Archana , Karmarkar Arpita , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel , Patil Jaideep 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Transition to motherhood is associated with several emotional problems that can have long-term consequences on the mother and baby.

Aim:
To examine the association of various biomedical and cultural factors with the new onset of emotional problems during pregnancy and postpartum period.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective longitudinal study included 300 pregnant women interviewed in the third trimester.

Results:
The prevalence of emotional problems in the study group was 31.58%. The prevalence of anxiety disorder NOS and mixed anxiety and depressive disorder in the last trimester of pregnancy in our study was 4% and 1.33%, respectively, and 0.67% and 1.33%, respectively, at 4 days postpartum. At 6 weeks postpartum, the prevalence of anxiety disorder NOS was 1.33%, generalized anxiety disorder was 0.67%, and major depression was 1.33. The prevalence of postpartum blues in our study was 25.33%.

Conclusion:
There was a significant association between psychiatric disorders during and postpartum period and the following factors: higher parity, increased maternal age, low hemoglobin levels, cesarean section, planned pregnancy, and extended family. Postpartum blues was associated with higher parity and low blood pressure.
Mobile usage among degree college students in industrial township of western Maharashtra - “A descriptive study”
Authors: Borgaonkar Chaitali , Lakhute Sadhana , Vajjala Sai M. , Shivale Shubham J. , Nagar Akash , Nallapu Sandeep 
Published: November 2023

Background:
With the advent of smartphones, there is an exponential increase in mobile usage and addiction. The statistics pointing toward mobile dependence in adolescents are of paramount importance to assess the prevalence in them and suggest measures accordingly.

Aim:
To observe the usage and dependence among the degree college students in an industrial township.

Materials and Methods:
A validated and structured questionnaire was distributed among the students at a women's degree college in western Maharashtra and responses were collected after obtaining consent. Along with sociodemographic details, qualitative and quantitative information regarding mobile usage were collected. Data were cleaned, coded, and analyzed after ensuring the confidentiality of their information using SPSS v26.0.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 18.9+/-1.8 years. The mean time spent on mobile was 2.4+/-0.4 hours per day. Mobile dependency was found in 48% of participants. The mean total score was 92. The primary purpose for using the internet was to browse (41%) and social media 36%. The main benefit of using the internet was searching for information urgently (62.5%). A major limitation of using was felt as the internet to be very slow 61 (42.3%).

Conclusion:
There is a high prevalence of smartphone dependence in college students.
Prevalence of internet gaming addiction and its association with sleep quality in medical students
Authors: Shakya Makhan , Singh Rajesh , Chauhan Amrita , Rure Daisy , Shrivastava Akshat 
Published: November 2023

Background:
In Asia, there are approximately 2.3 billion internet users. Addiction to internet gaming takes a multifaceted toll on an individual's physical and mental well-being, casting a long shadow over their daily endeavors and also their sleep cycle.

Aim:
To study the prevalence of internet gaming addiction and how it affects sleep quality in medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size (n = 112) in the Government Medical College, Datia (M.P.), and data were collected using a semi-structured proforma including the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale and Mini Sleep Questionnaire in the study population.

Results:
In the study population with age group 18–28 years (mean age: 21 ± 1.7 years), the majority of them belong to the Hindu religion (91.1%), nuclear family (66.1%), and urban community (75.9%). Most students (n = 74) had mild to moderate sleep difficulty related to internet gaming addiction, that is, 65.1%. The most common response was “sometimes” on the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. A significant association was observed between gaming disorder and parameters of sleep mainly in waking up too early, daytime sleepiness, snoring, feeling tired, and headache upon waking up with gaming disorder.

Conclusion:
Among medical students, gaming addiction is significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Steps need to be taken to promote healthy internet use to improve sleep quality and mitigate negative effects to avoid long-term health impacts.
The effect of cage type on local and total cervical lordosis restoration and global spine alignment in single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion based on EOS® imaging: A comparison between standalone conventional interbody polyether ether ketone cage and integrated cage and plate (Perfect-C®)
Authors: Chehrassan Mohammadreza , Nikouei Farshad , Shakeri Mohammadreza , Moeini Javad , Hosseini Farrokhlagha , Mahabadi Ebrahim Ameri , Ghandhari Hasan 
Published: November 2023

Background:
There is a small level of evidence regarding the alterations in global spine alignment following the restoration of cervical lordosis using anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Different cage types are available to restore cervical lordosis through ACDF. In this study, we evaluate the impact of two types of these cages on local and global spine alignments.

Patients and Methods:
Thirty-two patients with a mean age of 46 ± 10 who underwent ACDF for cervical disc herniation were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided according to their cage type into two groups, 17 patients with standalone conventional polyether ether ketone cages and 15 patients with integrated cage and plate (ICP) (Perfect-C®). Cervical alignment and global spine alignment were evaluated on the pre- and post-operative EOS® images.

Results:
Three months after the ACDF, total cervical lordosis correction was higher in patients with ICP (P = 0.001), while the local cervical lordosis correction was not significantly different between conventional cages and prefect-C cages (P = 0.067). Lumbar lordosis and pelvic tilt change were significantly higher among patients with Perfect-c cages (P = 0.043).

Conclusion:
In patients undergoing ACDF, alignment of the global spine changes along with the restoration of the cervical spine. Cage type affects this association, mainly through the compensatory alteration of pelvic tilt.
Atlas fractures with and without simultaneous dens fractures differ with respect to clinical, demographic, and management characteristics
Authors: Cloney Michael Brendan , Texakalidis Pavlos , Roumeliotis Anastasios G , Tecle Najib El , Dahdaleh Nader S. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Patients with simultaneous fractures of the atlas and dens have traditionally been managed according to the dens fracture’s morphology, but data supporting this practice are limited.

Methods:
We retrospectively examined all patients with traumatic atlas fractures at our institution between 2008 and 2016. We used multivariable regression and propensity score matching to compare the presentation, management, and outcomes of patients with isolated atlas fractures to patients with simultaneous atlas-dens fractures.

Results:
Ninety-nine patients were identified. Patients with isolated atlas fractures were younger (61 ± 22 vs. 77 ± 14, P = 0.0003), had lower median Charlson Comorbidity Index (3 vs. 5, P = 0.0005), had better presenting Nurick myelopathy scores (0 vs. 3, P < 0.0001), and had different mechanisms of injury (P = 0.0011). Multivariable regression showed that having a simultaneous atlas-dens fracture was independently associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] =1.59 [1.22, 2.07], P = 0.001), worse presenting myelopathy (OR = 3.10 [2.04, 4.16], P < 0.001), and selection for surgery (OR = 4.91 [1.10, 21.97], P = 0.037). Propensity score matching yielded balanced populations (Rubin’s B = 23.3, Rubin’s R = 1.96) and showed that the risk of atlas fracture nonunion was no different among isolated atlas fractures compared to simultaneous atlas-dens fractures (P = 0.304). Age was the only variable independently associated with atlas fracture nonunion (OR = 2.39 [1.15, 5.00], P = 0.020), having a simultaneous atlas-dens fracture was not significant (P = 0.2829).

Conclusions:
Among patients with atlas fractures, simultaneous fractures of the dens occur in older patients and confer an increased risk of myelopathy and requiring surgical stabilization. Controlling for confounders, the risk of atlas fracture nonunion is equivalent for isolated atlas fractures versus simultaneous atlas-dens fractures.
“Only fixation” in cases with failed decompression for lumbar canal stenosis – Analysis of outcome in 14 cases
Authors: Goel Atul , Prasad Apurva , Shah Abhidha , Maheshwari Shradha , Vutha Ravikiran 
Published: November 2023

Aim:
The rationale of “only fixation” of affected spinal segments without any form of bone or soft-tissue decompression in cases with failed decompressive laminectomy for lumbar canal stenosis is discussed on the basis of an experience with 14 cases.

Materials and Methods:
During the period between 2010 and 2022, 14 patients who symptomatically worsened or did not improve following a long-segment “wide” decompressive laminectomy for multisegmental lumbar canal stenosis were identified. All patients were treated by segmental spinal stabilization aimed at arthrodesis by facetal distraction by Goel’s facetal spacers (6 cases) or Camille’s transarticular facetal fixation (8 cases). No bone, soft tissue, or disc resection was done for spinal or neural canal “decompression.” Oswestry Disability Index and Visual Analog Scale were used to clinically assess the patients before and after the surgery and at follow-up. In addition, video recordings of patient’s self-assessment of clinical outcome were used to monitor the outcome.

Results:
During the average period of follow-up of 71 months (range 6 months to 16 years), all patients recovered in majority of their major symptoms, the recovery was observed in the immediate postoperative period. During the period of follow-up, none of the patients complained of recurrent symptoms or needed any additional surgery. There was firm stabilization and evidences of bone fusion of the treated spinal segments in all patients. There were no infections or implant failure. No patient worsened after treatment.

Conclusions:
Instability of the spinal segments is the primary issue in cases with lumbar canal stenosis and stabilization in the treatment.
Different C2 screw placement techniques with mobilization of the vertebral artery in high-riding vertebral artery cases: Cadaver dissection
Authors: Harman Ferhat , Oglin Volkan , Yilmaz Mehmet Ozgur , Orhun Omer , Baran Oguz , Boyukyilmaz Seyma , Gezercan Yurdal , Dalbayrak Sedat , Dagcinar Adnan 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
In neurosurgery, posterior approaches intended at the craniovertebral junction are frequently used. The most popular procedures for treating upper cervical instability are C1 lateral mass, C2 pedicle, and C1-C2 transarticular screw stabilization. Due to their proximity to neural structures and the presence of the high-riding vertebral artery (VA), these techniques are complicated. The risk of VA damage can be decreased by mobilizing the VA. Using cadaveric specimens in this study was aimed to demonstrate C2 pedicle and C1-C2 transarticular screw placement with VA mobilization and a novel C2 inferior corpus screw placement technique.

Methods:
In this study, twelve adult cadaveric specimens and two adult dry cadaveric C2 bones were used with the permission and decision of the University Research Ethics Committee. Colored silicone was injected into the arteries and veins of these twelve cadaveric specimens. Then, muscle dissection was performed stepwise, and the C2 vertebrae of the cadavers were revealed with a surgical microscope. Each specimen and entire stages of the dissections were recorded photographically. After cadaver dissections, screw placement was performed with three different techniques. Finally, radiological imaging was done with fluoroscopy.

Results:
After dissection, the lateral mass of the C2 vertebra was observed, and lateral to it, the transverse process and foramen were detected with the help of a hook. Next, the posterior wall of the VA groove was removed using a 1 mm thin plate Kerrison rongeur until the VA loop could partially be observed the VA. This enables us to find the top of the loop of the VA and mobilize it inferiorly using a dissector. Following this step, the C1-2 transarticular, C2 pedicle, and the novel C2 inferior corpus screw placement can be performed safely by directly visualizing the artery.

Conclusions:
Due to the nearby neurologic and vascular structures, placing the C2 pedicle and C1-2 transarticular screw is a challenging procedure, especially in high-riding VA cases. However, it is possible to place the C2 pedicle, C1-2 transarticular, and novel C2 inferior corpus screw after the mobilization of the VA. This study aimed to show all of them together on a cadaver for the first time, to understand the anatomy of the C2 vertebra, and to use screw placement techniques to minimize the risk of complications.
Surgical management of spinal schwannomas arising from the first and second cervical roots: Results of a cumulative case series
Authors: Corrivetti Francesco , Roperto Raffaelino , Sufianov Rinat , Cacciotti Guglielmo , Musin Arslan , Sufianov Albert , Mastronardi Luciano 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
Schwannomas of the first and second nerve roots are rare neurosurgical entities, harboring specific surgical features that make surgical resection particularly challenging and deserve specifics dissertations. This study is a retrospectively analysis of 14 patients operated in two different neurosurgical centers: the San Filippo Neri Hospital of Rome and the Federal Centre of Neurosurgery of Tjumen.

Materials and Methods:
In the last 6 years, 14 patients underwent neurosurgical resection of high cervical (C1–C2) schwannomas, in two different neurosurgical centers. Patients data regarding clinical presentation, radiological findings, and surgical results were retrospectively analyzed.

Results:
The mean age was 50 years (range 13–74), the follow-up mean duration was 30 ± 8.5 (range 24–72 months), and there was no significant differences among different tumor locations (intradural, extradural, and dumbbell). Surgical results were excellent: gross total resection was achieved in all cases and there were no intraoperative complications or postoperative mortality. All patients presented postoperative clinical improvement except one who remained stable. Karnofsky performance status, at the last follow-up, confirmed a global clinical improvement. No vertebral artery (VA) injury neither spinal instability occurred; nerve root sacrifice was reported in one case.

Conclusions:
Neurosurgical treatment of C1–C2 schwannomas is associated with good outcomes in terms of extent of resection and neurological function. In particular, dumbbell shape and VA involvement do not represent limitations to achieve complete tumor resection and good clinical outcome. In conclusion, microsurgery represents the treatment of choice for C1–C2 schwannomas.
Traumatic spinal cord and spinal column injuries: A bibliometric analysis of the 200 most cited articles
Authors: Mavrovounis Georgios , Makris Marios , Demetriades Andreas K. 
Published: November 2023

Study Design:
Bibliometric analysis.

Objectives:
This study aimed to highlight the 200 most influential articles related to traumatic spinal cord and spinal column injuries and provide an insight of past and current global trends in spinal trauma research.

Methods:
The Web of Science database was used to identify the top 200 most cited articles on the topic of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and spinal column injuries between using a prespecified algorithm. The articles were manually reviewed; bibliometrics were collected on title, first and corresponding authors’ country, institution, journal, publication year, and citation data.

Results:
The search string yielded 30,551 articles during 1977–2019. The average time from the publication was 19.5 years. A total of 1356 authors contributed to 67 different journals, the top 200 most cited articles amassing a total of 88,115 citations and an average 440.6 citations. The United States of America (USA) contributed the most with 110 articles; the top institution was the University of Toronto with 34 publications. Most studies focused on basic science research on SCI. Keyword analysis revealed the most commonly used keywords: SCI, inflammation, apoptosis, incidence/prevalence, and regeneration; four word-clusters were identified. Institutions from the USA and Canada collaborated the most and two major and two minor institutional collaboration subnetworks were identified. Co-citation analysis detected three main clusters of authors.

Conclusion:
This overview of the most cited articles on traumatic spinal cord and spinal column injuries provides insight into the international spinal trauma community and the terrain in this field, potentially acting as a springboard for further collaboration development.
Topological stability for homeomorphisms with global attractor
Authors: Morales Carlos Arnoldo , Nguyen Nguyen Thanh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe prove that every topologically stable homeomorphism with global attractor of
$\mathbb {R}^n$
is topologically stable on its global attractor. The converse is not true. On the other hand, if a homeomorphism with global attractor of a locally compact metric space is expansive and has the shadowing property, then it is topologically stable. This extends the Walters stability theorem (Walters, On the pseudo-orbit tracing property and its relationship to stability. The structure of attractors in dynamical systems, 1978, pp. 231–244).
Paul Polman, AIB 2023 International Executive of the Year: Commentaries and an Interview
Authors: Polman Paul , Henisz Witold , Williamson Peter 
Published: November 2023

Paul Polman, former CEO of Unilever, business leader, climate and equality campaigner, and co-author of Net Positive: How Courageous Companies Thrive by Giving More than They Take (2021), was selected as the 2023 AIB International Executive of the Year by the Fellows of the Academy of International Business (AIB). In this article, Witold Henisz and Peter Williamson provide commentaries on Polman’s career and then engage in a question-and-answer session with Mr. Polman.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION CLIMATE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN BANDUNG REGIONAL REVENUE MANAGEMENT AGENCY
Authors: Lusiawati Ira 
Published: November 2023

This study examines the problem of not optimal employee performance at the Regional Income Management Agency in the city of Bandung. Problems in the Organizational Communication Climate that have not been optimally carried out on Employee Performance at the Regional Revenue Management Agency in the city of Bandung. Quantitative approach is used in this study to determine the relationship between variables through hypothesis testing in a population. The research method used is the Explanatory Survey Method with data collection techniques using a five-scale questionnaire. The number of respondents was 167 people, taken by simple random sampling from members of the population of 286 people at the Bandung Regional Revenue Management Agency. Data processing techniques use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Based on the results of the research on exogenous variables, namely the Organizational Communication Climate variable on Employee Performance as an endogenous variable, it is significant. In detail, the results of this study indicate that: The influence of the Organizational Communication Climate variable (X) which consists of: Trust Factor, Participation Factor in Decision Making, Honesty Factor, Openness Factor in Downward Communication, and Listening Factor in Upward Communication has an effect of 0.26 and significant by 2.00 on Employee Performance (Y). Research findings on the variables of Organizational Communication Climate, namely Ethos Factors and Relationship Factors, as a whole the research on the influence of Organizational Communication Climate on employee performance has had a positive influence on the Regional Revenue Management Board of the city of Bandung.