bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal analysis of the multiple melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate)
Authors: Wang Yaming , Bhattacharya Mrinal , Mano João F. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe melting behavior of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐adipate) (PBSA) isothermally crystallized from the melt was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Triple, double, or single melting endotherms were observed in subsequent heating scan for the samples isothermally crystallized at different temperatures. These endothermic peaks were labeled as I, II, and III for low‐, middle‐, and high‐temperature melting endotherms, respectively. The independence of endotherm III to the crystallization temperature, the existence of an exothermic crystallization peak just below the endotherm III, and the heating rate dependence of endotherm III indicated that endotherm III was due to the remelting of recrystallized lamellar during a heating scan. The influence of crystallization time on the melting behavior of PBSA showed that endotherms II and III developed prior to endotherm I; endotherm III developed rather simultaneously with endotherm II. Further investigation showed that the peak temperature of endotherm I increased linearly with the logarithm of the crystallization time. It suggested that endotherm II was attributed to the melting of the primary lamellae, while endotherm I was due to the melting of secondary lamellae. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3077–3082, 2005
Self‐organization of functional gradient structure in the biodegradable chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend film
Authors: Hexig B. , Alata H. , Inoue Y. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBiologically inspired optimal structures combining the bioresorbable and bioactive properties are expected for the next generation of biomaterials. A compositional gradient structure was found to be spontaneously formed in the film of biodegradable chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend by casting aqueous solution on an aluminum dish. The formation of compositional gradient structure was confirmed by FTIR mapping measurement, DMTA measurement, and SEM observation on the freeze‐fractured cross section. In DMTA measurement, a broadening of the α‐relaxation curve corresponding to the glass transition was observed for the compositional gradient film, while a composition‐dependent single glass transition was observed for the homogeneous blend films. The resulted film with stable self‐organized compositional gradient exhibits novel physical properties inaccessible for the film of homogeneous blends obtained by casting from the same solution on a Teflon dish. The compositional gradient films present a unique combination of stronger stress and higher yield strain when compared with those of the homogeneous films at both dry and wet states. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 3069–3076, 2005
Course of psychological distress and its predictors in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Akechi Tatsuo , Okuyama Toru , Akizuki Nobuya , Azuma Hideki , Sagawa Ryuichi , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis study investigated longitudinal changes and predictive factors for psychological distress among 85 newly diagnosed advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Whereas tension‐anxiety after diagnosis (T1) was significantly reduced at two months (T2) and six months (T3) after diagnosis and depression‐dejection at T1 was significantly reduced at T2, other forms of psychological distress, including anger–hostility, vigor, fatigue, and confusion, did not show significant changes. Total mood disturbance did not show significant change. Only a higher total mood disturbance at T1 was a significant predictor of total mood disturbance at T3. These findings demonstrate that most types of psychological distress experienced by advanced NSCLC patients is likely to persist during the subsequent clinical course. The findings also suggest that initial psychological distress itself after cancer diagnosis is the most important predictor for subsequent psychological distress and that early intervention beginning immediately after the disclosure of a diagnosis of cancer is one way to prevent and/or reduce subsequent psychological distress in advanced NSCLC patients. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of the liver in the pathogenesis of cerebral disorders in phenylketonuria
Authors: Barashnev Y. I. , Korneichuk V. V. , Klembovsky A. I. , Klyushina L. A. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractComprehensive studies on structure and function of the liver (biochemical profiles, light and electron microscopy, determination of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity) were performed in children with phenylketonuria (PKU). It was established that the liver is always involved in the pathological process. Comparison of results obtained with peculiarities of neuropsychiatric disorders revealed a dependence of the initial manifestations and the severity of PKU on the extent of enzyme deficiency. Amino acid disorders and abnormal lipid metabolism both contribute to the genesis of cerebral lesions.
Aminoacidopathies in andhra pradesh; report of a screening programme
Authors: Uma S. M. , Jyothy A. , Reddy P. P. , Reddi O. S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractA systematic and selective screening programme to detect disorders of amino acid metabolism was undertaken to gain insight into the incidence and prevalence of such disorders in the southern part of India. This region was selected due to the high incidence of consanguineous marriages. No earlier data were available. We based our study on mentally retarded children. We have attempted dietary therapy in two patients with phenylketonuria; the biochemical response in both cases was satisfactory. The highlight of this survey was the detection of a new metabolic defect, threoninaemia.
Glycogen storage disease type 1b due to a defect of glucose‐6‐phosphate translocase
Authors: Narisawa K. , Otomo H. , Igarashi Y. , Arai N. , Otake M. , Tada K. , Kuzuya T. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractsPatients with glycogen storage disease (GSD) type 1b have shown normal activity of glucose‐6‐phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9) as assayed in frozen liver, though their clinical and biochemical findings were similar to those of patients with GSD 1a (McKusick 23220) (Senior and Loridan, 1968). In 1978, we suggested that a basic defect of GSD 1b exists in the glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P) transport system (Narisawa et al., 1978; Igarashiet al., 1979). Since then, there have been reports confirming our observation (Beaudetet al., 1980; Langeet al., 1980; Corbeelet al., 1981; Schaubet al., 1981). Recently, it was postulated that the G6Pase system contains a phosphate translocase which mediates the efflux of phosphate, in addition to a G6P translocase and a non‐specific phosphohydrolase (Arionet al., 1980). Therefore, it is possible that GSD 1b is caused by a defect of phosphate translocase. In this paper, the basic defect in GSD type 1b was investigated in two patients; one with severe, the other with mild, clinical symptoms.
Hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase in tyrosinaemia type II
Authors: Kida K. , Takahashi M. , Fujisawa Y. , Matsuda H. , Machino H. , Miki Y. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractTyrosinaemia type II (Richner‐Hanhart's syndrome), first reported by Wadmanet al. (1968), is characterized by a highly elevated level of tyrosine in blood and corneal ulcer, dermal hyperkeratosis and mental retardation. Fellmanet al. (1969) showed that this disease was caused by the defect of the cytosolic tyrosine aminotransferase of the liver. We now report a case of this disease with enzymological studies of the biopsied liver.
Integrating service design principles and information technology to improve delivery and productivity in public sector operations: The case of the South Carolina DMV
Authors: Karwan Kirk R. , Markland Robert E. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractOne relatively unanswered question regarding operational efficiency and effectiveness is whether and how public sector or government operations can employ service strategy and design concepts to deal with the conflicting objectives of minimizing expenditures while providing for an increasing number of “causes” [Haywood‐Farmer, J., Nollet, J., 1991. Service Plus: Effective Service Management, G. Morin Publisher, Quebec]. In this paper, we argue that the mechanism that permits or enables simultaneous success on these dimensions in public sector operations is information technology applied in conjunction with a unified set of service operations concepts. To demonstrate this contention, we employ an adaptation of the Goldstein et al. [Goldstein, S.M., Johnston, R., Duffy, J., Rao, J., 2002. The service concept: the missing link in service design research? Journal of Operations Management 20 (2), 121–134] service planning design framework, taking issue with some interpretative aspects of their strategic model. The modified planning framework was applied to an initiative in South Carolina state government to improve operations and technology deployment at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). The detailed and ongoing case study illustrates the utility of a broad service‐based, IT‐enabled approach to designing a government service, while simultaneously demonstrating that operational service alignment is the key to avoiding results that have long been labeled a dilemma in the public sector.
RETRACTED: Advance of the outlet glaciers during regional warming as inferred from Late Holocene massive diamicton in the King George Island fjords, the South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica
Authors: Yoo Kyu-Cheul , Il Yoon Ho , Park Byong-Kwon , Kim Yeadong 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.Reason: Following publication of this article, the Editor-in-Chief has realized that much of the included information had been previously published in the paper Yoon, H.I., Yoo, K.-C., Park, B.-K., Kim, Y., Khim, B.-K., and Kang, C.-Y., 2004. The origin of massive diamicton in Marian and Potter coves, King George Island, West Antarctica. Geosciences Journal 8, 1–10. As a result, the later manuscript is being retracted; readers interested in this topic should refer to the earlier paper.
Subfertility in children and young people treated for solid and haematological malignancies
Authors: Brougham Mark F. H. , Wallace W. H. B. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryChildren treated for cancer may exhibit impaired fertility in later life. A number of chemotherapeutic agents have been identified as being gonadotoxic, and certain treatment regimens are particularly associated with subsequent infertility. Radiotherapy can also cause gonadal damage, most notably after direct testicular or pelvic irradiation or following total body irradiation. Because of the varied nature of the cytotoxic insult, it can be difficult to predict the likelihood of infertility in later life. Currently, cryopreservation of spermatozoa, oocytes or embryos is the only method of preserving fertility in patients receiving gonadotoxic therapy. This is only applicable to postpubertal patients and can be problematic in the adolescent age group. At present there is no provision for the prepubertal child, although there are a number of experimental methods being investigated. However, in addition to the many scientific and technical issues to be overcome before clinical application of such techniques, a number of ethical and legal issues must also be addressed to ensure a safe and realistic prospect for future fertility in these patients.
Distinctive IGH gene segment usage and minimal residual disease detection in infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemias
Authors: Li Aihong , Goldwasser Meredith A. , Zhou Jianbiao , Armstrong Scott A. , Wang Hongjun , Dalton Virginia , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Sallan Stephen E. , Silverman Lewis B. , Gribben John G. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryInfant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) represents a rare but unique subset with poor prognosis. We analysed mixed‐lineage leukaemia (MLL) gene rearrangements and the sequences of complete and incomplete immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangements (IGH) in 14 infants (age ≤12 months at diagnosis) enrolled on Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocol 95–01. The dynamics of the leukaemic clone were followed during the course of the disease by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction of IGH rearrangements. Sixteen sequences were obtained from 13 (93%) of these infants. There was marked over usage of the VH6.1 gene segment (64%) in infants compared with older children with ALL (8%), (P < 0·001) and overusage of DH6 (P = 0·004) and JH1 (P = 0·004). Poor outcome was associated with MLL gene rearrangements rather than any specific VHDHJH gene usage patterns. Levels of minimal residual disease (MRD) at the end of induction appeared to be high in infants with ALL compared with older children, and although the number of infant cases studied was small, there were no differences in MRD levels after induction therapy in infant ALL with or without MLL gene rearrangements (P = 0·41) and quantitative MRD assessment at the early time points may not be predictive of outcome. Novel treatment strategies are required to improve the outcome in this poor prognosis subset of children with ALL.
How we do it: Regular infusion of local anaesthetic in the pedicle of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap to shorten hospitalization of surgically treated head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Valkila J. , Laranne J. , Baer G., , Pukander J. 
Published: September 2005

Keypoints

Regular infusion of the flap with local anaesthetic for 6 days postoperative via an indwelling catheter is easy.
It does not cause any complications.
It shortens hospitalization by 7 days.
The necessary catheter is readily available.
A prospective study comparing conventional methods against a structured method of gaining patients’ informed consent for tonsillectomy
Authors: Nixon I. , Balaji N. , Hilmy O. , Fu B. , Brown C. 
Published: September 2005

Objective:  By providing junior members of medical staff with appropriate guidelines one can achieve an improved standard of informed consent for tonsillectomy, than is provided at present.Design:  A prospective study of 138 consecutive patients.Setting:  District General Hospital.Participants:  A total of 138 patients undergoing routine tonsillectomy split into two groups. Group A (n = 87), the conventional group, gave consent in our unit's standard manner to various grades of doctors by using a hospital general surgical consent form. Most gave their consent as outpatients, while some consented on admission. Group B (n = 51), the structured consent group, gave their consent in pre‐admission clinic, to an SHO using a standardized tonsillectomy consent form and a structured interview technique.Main outcome measures:  A preoperative questionnaire regarding the knowledge of tonsillectomy.Results:  Improvement of the awareness of the risks involved with tonsillectomy was achieved by the structured consent Group B; 82% of Group A were aware of postoperative pain compared with 94% of group B (P = 0.04); 63% of group A were aware of infection compared with 82% of group B (P = 0.02); 100% of group B had read the consent form before signing compared with 80% of group A (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the awareness of postoperative haemorrhage (91 versus 98%, P = 0.15).Conclusion:  By providing junior medical staff with guidelines, senior staff retain responsibility for consent while improving the standard of informed consent for tonsillectomy.
Induction of antigen‐specific regulatory T cells in the liver‐draining celiac lymph node following oral antigen administration
Authors: Hultkrantz Susanne , Östman Sofia , Telemo Esbjörn 
Published: September 2005

SummaryRegulatory T cells are induced by oral administration of an antigen, but the physiological requirements and localization of the inductive sites are largely unknown. Using an adoptive transfer system of cells transgenic for ovalbumin T‐cell receptor (OVA TCR tg), we found that antigen‐specific CD4+ T cells were activated in the liver‐draining celiac lymph node (CLN) shortly after ovalbumin feeding, and that a significantly higher proportion of the T cells in the CLN developed into the putative regulatory phenotype [co‐expressing CD25 with the glucocortico‐induced tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family related gene (GITR), cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)‐4 and CD103] than in Peyer's patches, the mesenteric and peripheral lymph nodes and the spleen. In addition, a particularly high level of expression of CD103 on the OVA‐specific T cells in the CLN may favour homing to the epithelium of the intestine. While equally suppressive, OVA tg T cells isolated from the CLN of OVA‐fed DO11·10 mice were less dependent on transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β for suppression than cells isolated from the peripheral and mesenteric lymph nodes, which indicates the involvement of an additional suppressive mechanism. The expression of FoxP3 was not up‐regulated in any of the lymph node compartments studied. Our phenotypic and functional findings suggest that the induction of regulatory T cells in the CLN may be relevant in the control of the immune response to dietary antigens.
Induction of macrophage‐derived SLPI by Mycobacterium tuberculosis depends on TLR2 but not MyD88
Authors: Ding Aihao , Yu Hongwei , Yang Jingxuan , Shi Shuangping , Ehrt Sabine 
Published: September 2005

SummaryMacrophages respond to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by regulating expression of gene products that initiate a host innate response to this micro‐organism. In this study, we report that exposure of murine peritoneal macrophages to heat‐killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (HK‐Mtb) led to an increase in secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) gene expression and protein secretion in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. HK‐Mtb‐induced SLPI mRNA expression was sensitive neither to a protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, nor to an actin polymerization blocker, cytochalasin D. Treatment of macrophages with interferon (IFN)‐γ inhibited HK‐Mtb‐induced SLPI expression. RAW264·7 cells stably expressing SLPI produced a reduced level of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in response to HK‐Mtb as compared with mock transfectants. Aerosol infection of mice with live M. tuberculosis resulted in an induction of SLPI gene expression in infected lungs. Macrophages from Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)–/– or MyD88–/– mice responded to M. tuberculosis similarly to wild‐type macrophages by exhibiting increased SLPI expression. In contrast, macrophages from TLR2–/– mice were incapable of inducing SLPI in response to M. tuberculosis. This induction signifies the presence of a TLR2‐dependent but MyD88‐independent M. tuberculosis signalling pathway, suggesting involvement of adaptor protein(s) other than MyD88 in M. tuberculosis‐mediated induction of SLPI.
The optimization of vacuum frying to dehydrate carrot chips
Authors: Fan Liu‐ping , Zhang Min , Xiao Gong‐nian , Sun Jin‐cai , Tao Qian 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe effects of pretreatment and processing conditions, such as frying temperature, absolute vacuum pressure and frying time; on the properties of fried carrot chips were studied. Statistical analysis with response surface regression showed that moisture content, fat content and breaking force of carrot chips were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with frying temperature, vacuum absolute pressure and frying time. The optimum conditions were a vacuum frying temperature of 100–110 °C, a vacuum absolute pressure of 0.010–0.020 MPa and a frying time of 15 min.
Intact glycans from cestode antigens are involved in innate activation of myeloid suppressor cells
Authors: GÓMEZ‐GARCÍA L. , LÓPEZ‐MARÍN L. M. , SAAVEDRA R. , REYES J. L. , RODRÍGUEZ‐SOSA M. , TERRAZAS L. I. 
Published: September 2005

SUMMARY During helminthic infections, strong Th2 type‐biased responses concomitant with impaired cell‐proliferative responses to parasitic and unrelated antigens are major immunological hallmarks. Parasite glycan structures have been proposed to play a role in modulating these responses. To understand early events related to immune modulation during cestode infection, we have examined the role of intact glycans of antigens from Taenia crassiceps in the recruitment of innate cells. Soluble antigens from this cestode contained higher levels of carbohydrates than proteins. Intraperitoneal injection of the antigens rapidly recruited a cell population expressing F4/80+/Gr‐1+surface markers, which adoptively suppressed naïve T‐cell proliferation in vitro in response to anti‐CD3/CD28 MAb stimulation in a cell‐contact dependent manner. Soluble antigens with altered glycans by treatment with sodium periodate significantly reduced the recruitment of F4/80+/Gr1+cells, concomitantly their suppressive activity was abrogated, indicating that glycans have a role in the early activation of these suppressor cells. Using C3H/HeJ and STAT6‐KO mice, we found that expansion and suppressive activity of F4/80+Gr1+cells induced by T. crassiceps intact antigens was TLR4 and Th2‐type cytokine independent. Together with previous studies on nematode and trematode parasites, our data support the hypothesis that glycans can be involved on a similar pathway in the immunoregulation by helminths.
A duplicated pair of Arabidopsis RING‐finger E3 ligases contribute to the RPM1‐ and RPS2‐mediated hypersensitive response
Authors: Kawasaki Tsutomu , Nam Jaesung , Boyes Douglas C. , Holt Ben F. , Hubert David A. , Wiig Aaron , Dangl Jeffery L. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe Arabidopsis RPM1 protein confers resistance to disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae strains delivering either the AvrRpm1 or AvrB type III effector proteins into host cells. We characterized two closely related RPM1‐interacting proteins, RIN2 and RIN3. RIN2 and RIN3 encode RING‐finger type ubiquitin ligases with six apparent transmembrane domains and an ubiquitin‐binding CUE domain. RIN2 and RIN3 are orthologs of the mammalian autocrine motility factor receptor, a cytokine receptor localized in both plasma membrane caveolae and the endoplasmic reticulum. RIN2 is predominantly localized to the plasma membrane, as are RPM1 and RPS2. The C‐terminal regions of RIN2 and RIN3, including the CUE domain, interact strongly with an RPM1 N‐terminal fragment and weakly with a similar domain from the Arabidopsis RPS2 protein. RIN2 and RIN3 can dimerize through their C‐terminal regions. The RING‐finger domains of RIN2 and RIN3 encode ubiquitin ligases. Inoculation with P. syringae DC3000(avrRpm1) or P. syringae DC3000(avrRpt2) induces differential decreases of RIN2 mobility in SDS‐PAGE and disappearance of the majority of RIN2. A rin2 rin3 double mutant expresses diminished RPM1‐ and RPS2‐dependent hypersensitive response (HR), but no alteration of pathogen growth. Thus, the RIN2/RIN3 RING E3 ligases apparently act on a substrate that regulates RPM1‐ and RPS2‐dependent HR.