bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIST‐oriented test pattern generator for detection of transition faults
Authors: Asakawa Takeshi , Iwasaki Kazuhiko , Kajihara Seiji 
Published: February 2003

AbstractAs a technique for complementing the long testing time, which is a shortcoming of pseudo‐random pattern test, we will propose a BIST‐oriented test pattern generator (TPG) which achieves high fault detection efficiency with a short testing time for transition faults. The proposed TPG is composed by adding LFSR, shift registers, and multiplexers to the scan part. The partial sequences of ATPG vectors are stored in an on‐chip RDM or external tester and the scan‐in is performed. The test patterns are generated, which are the result of mixing the partial sequence of ATPG vectors and the pseudo‐random vectors generated by LFSR. Since the random pattern resistant faults will be detected by the partial sequences of ATPG vectors, a high fault detection efficiency can be achieved with a short testing time. Since it is not necessary to perform the scan‐in for every operation clock, the real operation speed test using a low‐speed tester is possible. We will also show a technique for reducing the ATPG vectors to be stored. The proposed technique is evaluated, by using ISCAS benchmark circuits, for testing time, fault detection efficiency, and hardware quantity, and the effectiveness of the proposed technique is examined. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(3): 76–84, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1196
Calculating association between technical terms based on co‐occurrences in keyword lists of academic papers
Authors: Aizawa Akiko , Kageura Kyo 
Published: February 2003

AbstractIn this paper, the authors evaluate a method to calculate association between specialized terms using co‐occurrence information in author keywords from academic papers. When author keywords found in academic paper databases are used, co‐occurrence information in units of separate compound words can easily be obtained. However, because only a few words co‐occur in one paper, the problem of data sparseness arises. Thus, in this paper, the authors take into consideration indirect co‐occurrence relationships when computing relatedness. They create a large‐scale terminology graph which connects sets of keywords for a paper using co‐occurrence relationship links, then define the distance between two sets of terms using the average path length. In addition, the authors evaluate the validity of their proposed method for calculating association by applying the terminology graph created using a real, large‐scale academic paper database to the problem of automatic classification of texts, then compare the results to when direct co‐occurrence and context vectors are used. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(3): 85–95, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1197
Optimum partition of two‐dimensional frequency band with human visual sensitivity for subband image coding
Authors: Kameda Masashi , Ohtake Kohhei , Miyahara Makoto 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThis paper proposes a method of optimizing the partition of a two‐dimensional frequency band so that high‐quality reconstructed images are obtained by subband image coding. This partitioning is derived by minimizing the weighted quantization noise power with human visual sensitivity. To simplify the coding system, the structure of the filter bank is analyzed. The band partition parameters which makes the filter bank more efficient are selected, based on experimental results for actual images. The quality of images reconstructed by the proposed method is evaluated by using the relationship between the weighted quantized noise power and their entropy. The proposed method is subjectively evaluated by comparing it with a nonweighted method and the DCT method. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 34(3): 96–110, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1198
Relationship between perceived social support and immune function
Authors: Miyazaki Takao , Ishikawa Toshio , Iimori Hirofumi , Miki Akiko , Wenner Marcus , Fukunishi Isao , Kawamura Noriyuki 
Published: February 2003

AbstractAlthough a previous meta analysis showed some substantial relationships between social support and immune function, there is still no knowledge about the effects of social support on natural killer (NK) cell number. In this study we examined the direct relationships between peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations and several aspects of social support. We administered the Japanese version of the Stress and Coping Inventory (SCI) by Rahe (1994) to 98 male workers with a written informed consent. Blood samples were collected at 10.00 hours. Lymphocytes subsets were measured by flowcytometry using CD3, CD16, and CD56 antibodies. Partial correlation coefficient controlled by age and smoking between social support and immune cells revealed that there were weak but significant correlations between perceived social support and the numbers of CD3‐/CD16+and CD3‐/CD56+ NK cells (r = 0.25, 0.26). There was no correlation between social support and percentage of NK cells. Positive correlation of perceived social support with NK cell numbers suggested that perceived social support has a direct effect on NK cells and that increased social support might be accompanied by high natural immunity. Further investigation should be undertaken to elucidate why only perceived social support was correlated to NK cells. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early historical literature for post‐traumatic symptomatology
Authors: Birmes Philippe , Hatton Leah , Brunet Alain , Schmitt Laurent 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe early historical evolution of the concept of psychological trauma is relevant to the establishment of PTSD as a syndrome. The authors conducted selective computerized and manual reviews of the literature concerning the history of trauma‐related disorders. Exposure to overwhelming terror can lead to troubling memories, which has been a central theme in the literature since the time of Gilgamesh. Reexperiencing was well known and conversion reactions were described, but until the 18th century chroniclers and philosophers essentially reported anecdotes. Nostalgia and traumatic neurosis were first identified during the American Civil War and after the first railway crashes in the 19th century. The isolated anecdote thus evolved into a clinical entity whose medical and psychiatric complexity underwent large‐scale development during and immediately after World War I. An historical approach of traumatic disorders identification provides an integrated view of multiple psychological symptoms, some included and others not included in current post‐traumatic syndromes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social support and individual styles of coping in the Japanese workplace: an occupational stress model by structural equation analysis
Authors: Kitaoka‐Higashiguchi Kazuyo , Nakagawa Hideaki , Morikawa Yuko , Ishizaki Masao , Miura Katsuyuki , Naruse Yuchi , Kido Teruhiko , Sukigara Masune 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to ascertain the role of social support and individual styles of coping on employee well‐being. The subjects were intermediate managers working for a zipper and sash manufacturing company in Japan. Measurements were made of the following: depression using the Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS), job demand, job control, social support using Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, and of three coping styles: emotion‐oriented coping, task‐oriented coping and avoidance‐oriented coping using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Data was analysed by structural equation modeling. Each coping style had a direct effect on depression. Emotion‐oriented coping had a negative effect. On the other hand, task‐oriented coping and avoidance‐oriented coping had a positive effect. Moreover, there was an indirect effect that coping styles precede and determine the perception of social support as well as job demand and control. Social support showed a direct positive effect on depression. However, the overall impact on employee well‐being was greater for individual coping styles as compared to social support from either supervisors or co‐workers. The present study showed the effectiveness of coping strategies in the workplace. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gender differences in the use of social support as a moderator of occupational stress
Authors: Bellman Steven , Forster Nick , Still Leonie , Cooper Cary L. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractStudies of the moderating effect of social support on the direct effects of occupational stressors have yielded conflicting results that have differed in direction and significance. These differences may have been due to the narrow range and/or poor quality of the measures used. Also, males and females may differ in their perceptions of stress sources and outcomes and their use of social support across stressors. This study used the well‐validated Pressure Management Indicator (PMI) to measure social support and eight sources and nine outcomes of occupational stress in a sample of 204 Australian managers (55 per cent females, mean age 41.4 years) from various companies. Multiple regression revealed that for both males and females, social support moderated the effects of stressors on energy levels, job satisfaction, organizational security and organizational commitment, although social support interacted with different stressors across genders. Social support had a significant interaction effect on organizational commitment for males only, and, for females only, a significant interaction effect on state of mind. These results suggest that social support interventions will not reduce the effects of stress on all outcomes, and will produce different results for males and females. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of stressful training on human pain threshold
Authors: Yamaguchi Keiji , Toda Kazuo , Hayashi Yoshihiko 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPain sensation usually depends on psychological factors such as motivational and emotional state. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the effect of intensive training as rangers of Japan Ground Self Defence Force (JGSDF), which would be a strong stressor, on the pain threshold in human skin and tooth. Participants were seven uniformed members (aged 19–21 years old) who underwent ranger training in the 8th Division of the JGSDF. Before and after their hard training for 40 days, both skin and tooth pain threshold were measured. We selected five skin sites for pain test using a von Fray type filament. To measure tooth pain threshold, four teeth were selected and a conventional electric pulp tester was used. The threshold values in the skin were significantly increased after ranger training. However, the increase of tooth pain threshold was not clearly observed at each tooth tested. A close relationship between the changes in skin and tooth pain threshold was observed in two of the seven subjects. The present study indicates that intensive training can evoke analgesic effects which are thought to be stress‐induced analgesia. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coping with post‐traumatic stress symptoms following relationship dissolution
Authors: Chung Man Cheung , Farmer Steven , Grant Keren , Newton Rebecca , Payne Sally , Perry Melissa , Saunders Jenny , Smith Charlotte , Stone Nina 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between post‐traumatic stress symptoms resulting from relationship dissolution and coping style. The hypothesis was that some degree of post‐traumatic stress symptoms would be evident among the sample and that the coping strategies of seeking social support, escape–avoidance, self‐controlling and accepting responsibility would be associated with such symptoms. Eighty‐eight university students who had experienced the dissolution of a romantic relationship over the preceding 24 months participated in the research. They were interviewed using the Impact of Event Scale (IES), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOC). The results showed that the mean score of intrusion was slightly higher than that of avoidance. The sample scored significantly higher in the IES items than one standardized sample of medical students but significantly lower in intrusion than another standardized sample of clinical patients. Fifty‐one per cent of the sample scored above the cut‐off of the GHQ. The results also showed that both intrusion and avoidance were significantly correlated with all GHQ items. The sample used the self‐controlling coping strategy the most, followed by escape–avoidance and positive reappraisal. The sample also employed coping strategies of distancing and seeking social support. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that escape–avoidance, distancing, seeking social support and planful problem solving were significant predictors to the IES total. Escape–avoidance and accepting responsibility were significant predictors to the IES intrusion. Escape–avoidance and distancing were significant predictors to the IES avoidance. Escape–avoidance was the only significant predictor to the GHQ total. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vacuum deposited solar control coatings on PET‐film
Authors: Böhme Thomas , Krautz Heidrun , Thielsch Roland 
Published: February 2003

AbstractAutomobilverglasungen mit Solar–Control–Beschichtung, die durch eine erhöhte Reflexion im nahen infraroten Spektralbereich den Wärmeeintrag in die Fahrgastkabine durch Sonnenstrahlung um 50 % reduzieren, finden zunehmende Anwendung in Fahrzeugen aller Klassen. Sie erhöhen den Fahrkomfort, führen zu Treibstoffeinsparungen für die Klimaanlage und sind gleichzeitig gestalterisches Element im Fahrzeugdesign. Eine Variante zur Herstellung dieser Beschichtungen ist das Magnetron‐Sputtern auf eine transparente, flexible Kunststofffolie (PET).Im Beitrag werden die Funktion, der prinzipielle Aufbau sowie anlagentechnische und technologische Aspekte der Herstellung dieser Solar‐Control‐Schichten auf PET‐Folie für den Automobilbau sowie für Anwendungen im Architekturbereich vorgestellt.
Plasmachemical microstructuring of polymeric surfaces for pharmacology and medical diagnostics
Authors: Müller Michael , Sciarratta Vincenzo , Oehr Christian 
Published: February 2003

AbstractDie Plasmamaskentechnik ist ein Verfahren zur regioselektiven physikalisch‐chemischen Strukturierung von Massenkunststoffen im Mikrometerbereich, das prinzipiell auch halbkontinuierlich durchgeführt werden kann. Die damit herstellbaren funktionellen Oberflächenstrukturen auf polymeren Substraten sind besonders für die Verwendung als Biochips geeignet. Sie ermöglichen die Verwendung von niedrigpreisigen polymeren Kunststoffen als modifizierbare Substrate, die nach geeigneten biochemischen Ausrüstungen für analytische Verfahren in der medizinischen Diagnostik und pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffforschung eingesetzt werden und die die zunehmende Verwendung des Hochdurchsatzscreening (HTS) mit Mikroarrays für Genomics und Proteomics sowie die Entwicklung von Zellbiochips unterstützen.
Piston gauge with electronic balance for calibrations of very low pressures
Authors: Delajoud P. , Girad M. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractKolbenmanometer sind sehr genaue Druckmessgeräte. In der herkömmlichen Bauform hält die vom Messdruck ausgeübte Kraft einen Kolben bzw. Zylinder im Schwebezustand. Infolge des Eigengewichts von Kolben bzw. Zylinder liegt der kleinste messbare Druck bei einigen kPa (einige 10 mbar). Die Firma DH Instruments Inc. hat ein neues Kolbenmanometer entwickelt, bei dem die vom Messdruck auf einen Kolben wirkende Kraft mittels einer Kraftmesszelle erfasst wird, wodurch der Messbereich zu kleinen Drücken hin wesentlich erweitert wird. Das neue Gerät bietet einen Messbereich von 1 Pa bis 15 kPa (0,01 mbar bis 150 mbar) bei Überdruck, Differenzdruck und Absolutdruck. Es wird eine Auflösung bis zu 1 mPa (10‐5 mbar) und eine Messunsicherheit von (5 mPa + 3·10‐5 p) erreicht. Die Kalibrierung des Geräts erfolgt durch Eichung der Kraftmesszelle und Bestimmung der wirksamen Fläche der Kolben‐Zylinder‐Anordnung. Das Gerät beinhaltet einen automatischen Druckregler. Die integrierte Software erlaubt, Kalibrierungen mit einer Vielzahl von Prüflingen durchzuführen. Als Anwendungsbeispiel des neuen Kolbenmanometers wird der automatische Test von kapazitiven Membranmanometern in verschiedenen Druckbereichen gezeigt.
Hydrogen in High Vacuum Systems with Turbomolecular Pumps and Different Backing Pumps
Authors: Breitenbach J. B. , Discherl J. , Lachenmann R. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractDie Kombination von Weitbereich‐Turbomolekularpumpe und Membranpumpe ergibt ein kleines, aber sehr leistungsfähiges und vor allem ölfreies Hochvakuumpumpensystem. Turbomolekularpumpen haben gasartabhängige Kompressionsverhältnisse, die kleinsten bei Wasserstoff. Daher kann das Restgas im Hochvakuum merklich durch den Wasserstoffpartialdruck bestimmt werden. Es wurden Restgasuntersuchungen an einem Hochvakuumsystem mit Turbomolekularpumpe und verschiedenen Vorpumpen durchgeführt, die zeigen, dass keine Verbesserung des Wasserstoffpartialdruckes eintritt, wenn eine Membranpumpe mit niedrigem Enddruck durch eine Drehschieberpumpe oder einen Rootspumpstand ersetzt wird. Wie die Messungen zeigen, wird der Enddruck durch das Verhältnis Ausgasungsrate zu Saugvermögen bestimmt und nicht durch das Kompressionsverhältnis der Hochvakuumpumpe in Abhängigkeit vom Vorvakuumdruck. Der Wasserstoffpartialdruck stieg allerdings an, wenn das Vorvakuum der Membranpumpe erhöht wurde. Bei einem Vorvakuumdruck kleiner 0,5 mbar erreichte das Hochvakuum einen stabilen, durch eine weitere Absenkung des Vorvakuums nicht verbesserbaren Wert.
Distribution of energy in the channel of side channel compressors
Authors: Surek D. , Espich M. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractMittels dynamischer Druckmesssonden wurden die Totaldrücke und die dynamischen Druckanteile im gesamten Seitenkanalquerschnitt ausgemessen. Die dynamischen Gasdruckverläufe, die als Gasdruckschwingungen auftreten, können mit dem Effektivwert, dem Spitzenwert und mit dem Amplitudenanteil pA der Gasdruckschwingung bei der Schaufeldrehfrequenz charakterisiert werden. Daraus können die Bereiche des intensiven spezifischen Impulsstromtransportes und auch der stärksten Arbeitsübertragung im Seitenkanal ermittelt werden. Aus der Druckverteilung lässt sich in Verbindung mit der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im Seitenkanalquerschnitt auch die Verteilung der spezifischen Energie im Seitenkanal ermitteln. Die Geschwindigkeiten in der Tangential‐Radial‐Ebene und in der Radial‐Axial‐Ebene lassen sich in den Laserlichtschnitten von 1 mm Dicke mittels der Lasermesstechnik ermitteln.
Spatial organization of microtubules in various types of cells in the embryonic tectal plate of mouse using immunofluorescence after PEG embedding
Authors: MEININGER Vincent , BINET Stéphane 
Published: February 2003

The spatial organization of microtubules in mitotic as well as in interphase cells and in axons has been investigated in situ in the embryonic nervous system of mice using high molecular weight polyethylene glycol‐embedded semithin sections and immunofluorescence with a tubulin‐specific polyclonal antibody.In situ, the overall process of mitosis appears nearly identical to that described in cell culture. All types of mitotic microtubules (kinetochore, interpolar and asterial) can be visualized at the different stages. The slight differences from observations in cell culture are explained by differences in cell interactions.In bipolar neuroepithelial cells, interphasic microtubules appear in the form of a framework surrounding the nucleus during its to‐and‐fro movements and which follows the modifications in shape of the cell processes. These microtubules seem to play an active role in the mechanism, indicating the modifications in length of the apical process.In the differentiating young neuron, tubulin increases in amount to be involved in the elongation of axonal microtubules. This increase seems to be independent of the presence of axons in the environment. Axonal microtubules are independent of a microtubule‐organizing center localized in the perikaryon.
Control of cililary beat by calcium: the effects of lindane, a potent insectiside
Authors: Marano Francelyne , Krishnaswamy Sushila , Betrencourt Claudine , Schoevaert Damien , Provost Jean‐Marie , Volochine Boris 
Published: February 2003

Summary— The ciliary beat and cell motility of Dunaliella, a biflagellate unicellular green alga, have been studied by means of computer analysis of high‐speed microcinematography and laser doppler velocimetry. Lindane was found rapidly to inhibit cell velocity in less than 5 min and in a dose‐related manner. After the initialp 5‐min period, inhibition remained nearly stable for at least 3 hr.The waveform of the ciliary beat was not uniformly affected by lindane and only the effective stroke was greatly slowed down. The recovery stroke was not significantly modified, and the general form of the wave did not seem to be altered. Bending parameters automatically measured from high‐speed movies that lindane induced a considerable lengthening of the initiation phase of wave propagation. Since lindane interacts specifically with calcium transport and can induce an increase in cytoplasmic calcium, the strong effect of lindane on cilliary beat is probably correlated with a modification of the calcium balance of the cell. These results support the hypothesis of a control of bend initiation by calcium.
Hereditary variation of ciliary patterns in ciliated protozoa
Authors: Genermont Jean 
Published: February 2003

Summary— In ciliates, the basic pattern of ciliature consists of longitudinal polarized ciliary rows. This basic pattern is expected to be retained through successive binary fissions by means of the so‐called cytotactic mechanisms, as a consequence of autogenetic proliferation of basal bodies within each row. This idea is supported by the hereditary transmission of 180° rotated rows in Tetrahymena and Paramecium. These mechanisms should theoretically ensure intraclonal homogeneity for ciliary row number. In fact, some alterations are responsible for either loss or addition of rows. Such alterations are not strictly random processes, since they have been shown to be controlled by nuclear genes.Cytotaxis does not account for exact positioning of primordia for complex structures (buccal ciliature, for instance): the sites of basal body proliferation are determined by certain “positional information” which, in turn, is controlled by chromosomal genetic material more or less independently of pre‐existing structures, as illustrated by many spontaneous or induced mutations.All deviations from the wild‐type phenotype seem to be associated with very reduced fitness, at least in laboratory conditions. On the other hand, the currently known variants cannot account for intraspecific diversity. Thus, the evolutionary significance of these phenomena remains somewhat obscure.