bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated double redo percutaneous valve replacement: simultaneous transcatheter aortic and mitral valve management
Authors: Hinkov Hristian , Lee Chong Bin , Greve Dustin , Klein Christoph , Kukucka Marian , Kempfert Jörg , Jacobs Stephan , Falk Volkmar , Dreger Henryk , Unbehaun Axel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The growing elderly population contributes to an increasing prevalence of severe degenerative native aortic valve (AV) or mitral valve (MV) disease in combination with bio-prosthetic valve failure of prior implanted (aortic or mitral) bio-prostheses, as well as concomitant failure of both aortic and mitral bio-prosthetic valves. A combined surgical AV and MV replacement carries a markedly higher risk, especially in the redo setting. Transcatheter double-valve implantation (TDVI) is emerging as a promising alternative that may mitigate the risks of redo surgery. The evidence for TDVI is very limited. This study aims to address the current gap in the literature by analysing a large institutional series of single-stage TDVI.

METHODS
Single-centre retrospective analysis of all patients (n = 13) undergoing simultaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) from October 2018 until April 2024. Primary end-points were Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 (VARC-3) and Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium (MVARC) technical success, 30-day device success and early safety (MVARC procedural success). Secondary end-points included echocardiographic TDVI performance, adverse events, symptom change and survival.

RESULTS
The median age of patients was 77 years, with 7/13 (53.8%) females. Median EuroSCORE II was 16.9%. All patients presented with structural valve degeneration with severe haemodynamic valve deterioration according to the VARC-3 definition. Procedural outcomes showed 100% technical success. There was absence of 30-day mortality (0%). Thirty-day device success and early safety/MVARC procedural success were 100%. No major adverse events occurred. After TDVI, the median New York Heart Association functional class improved from III to II.

CONCLUSIONS
TDVI appears to be a safe and effective alternative to surgical redo double-valve replacement for selected patients. Our findings support the feasibility of TDVI with excellent early outcomes. Further prospective multicentre studies with larger cohorts are needed to validate the long-term effects and to establish TDVI as a guideline consideration.
Micromix: web infrastructure for visualizing and remixing microbial ‘omics data
Authors: Hayward Regan J , Ebbecke Titus , Fricke Hanna , Nguyen Vo Quang , Barquist Lars 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Micromix is a flexible web platform for sharing and integrating microbial omics data, including RNA sequencing and transposon-insertion sequencing. Currently, the lack of solutions for making data web-accessible results in omics data being fragmented across supplementary spreadsheets or languishing as raw read data in public repositories. Micromix solves this problem and can be easily deployed on a standard web server or using cloud services. It is organism-agnostic, accommodates data and annotations from various sources, and allows filtering based on KEGG pathways, Gene Ontology terms, and curated gene sets. Visualizations are provided through a plug-in system that integrates existing visualization services and allows rapid development of new services, with available plug-ins currently supporting interactive heatmap and clustering functions. Users can upload their own data in a variety of formats to perform integrative analyses in the context of existing datasets. To support collaborative research, Micromix allows sharing of interactive sessions that maintain defined filtering and/or visualization options. We demonstrate the utility of Micromix with case studies focusing on the SPI-2 pathogenicity island in Salmonella enterica and polysaccharide utilization loci in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, showcasing the platform’s capabilities for integrating, filtering, and visualizing diverse functional genomic datasets. Micromix is available at http://micromix.systems.
On the Jurisdictional Situations of Arctic Large Marine Ecosystems
Authors: Soares de Oliveira César , Heinrich Katharina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Arctic Council has identified and delineated 18 large marine ecosystems (LMEs) to provide a basis for the implementation of the ecosystem approach to management (EAM) in the Arctic. However, the ‘natural boundaries’ of these LMEs largely misalign with the ‘artificial boundaries’ established under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This raises the question of how EAM could be effectively implemented across diverse and multiple jurisdictions of the Arctic LMEs. By visualising the so-called jurisdictional situation of all 18 Arctic LMEs, this food-for-thought article highlights the inequitable and delicate position that the zonal approach of UNCLOS creates for the protection of Arctic LMEs.
Metabolite profiles of processed finger millet (Eleusine coracana) and edible crickets (Acheta domesticus) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)
Authors: Mahlanza Zamancwane Pretty , Bamidele Oluwaseun Peter , Oyeyinka Samson Adeoye , Sobowale Sunday Samuel , Ledbetter Moira , Wilkin Jon , Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Variations occur in metabolite profiles after food processing, with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) being one such technique used in profiling metabolites. In this study, finger millet (Eleusine coracana) grains were traditionally (malted and fermented) and also novelly processed (ultra-sonicated), while edible crickets (Acheta domesticus) were fermented and ultra-sonicated. One hundred and nine (109) compounds using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in raw and processed finger millet and edible cricket flour were observed and categorized into different metabolite groups: acids, alcohols, amino acids, aromatic compounds, benzene, ethanol, fatty acids, organic acids, and sugars. Significant differences in metabolite profiles, average peak area levels, and the metabolite composition between the finger millet and edible cricket samples before and after traditional and novel processing demonstrate the influence of the processing methods used. Principal component analysis (PCA) observed the relationship among the processing technique’s distribution of metabolite profiles, while OPLS-DA highlighted the significant metabolite profiles observed within the different processing techniques. Differences were observed in the samples as a function of the processing technique used and the modifications, which are attributable to the pre-existing composition of the substrate and the impact of the different techniques, among others. The study’s findings provide a crucial framework for tracking and controlling the metabolite composition of finger millet and edible cricket flours during traditional and novel processing.
From Forest to Fork: A Systematic Review of Mushroom-Based Meat Analogues
Authors: Fetriyuna Fetriyuna , Rafi Afif Ziyadi , Zaida Zaida , Purwestri Ratna Chrismiari , Sikin Adi Md 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The consumption of meat analogues is steadily increasing due to factors such as concerns about protein intake, meat availability, health, and environmental issues. Mushrooms provide a potential solution for substituting or replacing animal protein due to their high nutritional value and unique sensory properties. This review examines the differences in physical characteristics, organoleptic qualities, amino acid profiles, and dietary fibre content of meat analogues derived from various mushroom species. The review employed a textual narrative synthesis approach and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive analysis of 38 relevant publications reveals that the incorporation of mushrooms can influence the colour and texture of meat analogues. Additionally, the review highlights the impact of mushroom addition or substitution on the amino acid and dietary fibre content of meat analogues. It underscores the potential of mushrooms to create meat analogues with enhanced nutritional profiles, benefiting consumers, particularly those facing nutritional challenges like stunting. This paper emphasizes the importance of considering the specific mushroom species and processing techniques to optimize the quality of meat analogues.
Induced Subdivisions in K
s,s-Free Graphs With Polynomial Average Degree
Authors: Girão António , Hunter Zach 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper we prove that for every $s\geqslant 2$ and every graph $H$ the following holds. Let $G$ be a graph with average degree $\Omega _{H}(s^{A|H|^{2}})$, for some absolute constant $A&gt;0$, then $G$ either contains a $K_{s,s}$ or an induced subdivision of $H$. This is essentially tight and confirms a conjecture of Bonamy, Bousquet, Pilipczuk, Rz kaŻewski, Thomassé, and Walczak in [2]. A slightly weaker form of this has been independently proved by Bourneuf, Bucić, Cook, and Davies [3]. We actually prove a much more general result, which implies the above (with worse dependence on $|H|$). We show that for every $ k\geqslant 2$ there is $A_{k}&gt;0$ such that any graph $G$ with average degree $s^{A_{k}}$ either contains a $K_{s,s}$ or an induced subgraph $G^{\prime}\subseteq G$ without $C_{4}$’s and with average degree at least $k$. Finally, using similar methods we can prove the following. For every $k,t\geqslant 2$ every graph $G$ with average degree at least $B_{t}k^{\Omega (t)}$ must contain either a $K_{k}$, an induced $K_{t,t}$ or an induced subdivision of $K_{k}$. This is again essentially tight up to the implied constants and answers in a strong form a question of Davies.
“Peacekeeping Proneness”: Which Type of International System Is Most Likely to Enhance the Supply of Peacekeepers?
Authors: Cunliffe Philip 
Published: February 2025

Abstracts
The Russian invasion of Ukraine has escalated geopolitical rivalry and debate about the demise of the liberal international order and the changing distribution of power within the international system. Peacekeeping has been a key component of the liberal international order at least since the end of the Cold War, if not before. Peacekeeping boomed in the era of US unipolarity, with twenty new United Nations (UN) operations alone launched between 1989 and 1994. At the time of writing, c. 60,000 blue helmets are deployed around the world, and a peacekeeping operation is being mooted for postwar Gaza. Given the growing geopolitical rivalry between East and West, a relative erosion of US power, and much talk of a new age of multipolarity, where does this leave peace operations and peacekeeping? This paper explores the impact of different distributions of power in the international system (namely, multipolarity, bipolarity, and unipolarity) on peace operations. The paper goes through relevant military interventions beginning with the post-1815 Congress system and reaching up to the present day. The paper shows that a multipolar distribution of power is most propitious for the global deployment of peacekeepers, and suggests that peace operations may in future express international cooperation more than unipolar power.
Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy for treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia
Authors: Graves Emily T , Wardlow Lynn , Ogake Stella , Bazan Jose A , Coe Kelci , Kuntz Kaitlyn , Elefritz Jessica L 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To compare the rate of clinical cure and adverse effects in patients receiving definitive treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia.

Methods
A single-centre, retrospective cohort study of patients with S. maltophilia pneumonia admitted 1 March 2018—30 September 2023 was conducted comparing treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus minocycline monotherapy. The primary outcome was the rate of clinical cure, defined as meeting two of the three prespecified criteria for a period of 48 hours while on definitive therapy: normalization of white blood cell count, absence of fever and hypothermia and decreased oxygen support. Secondary outcomes evaluated included time to clinical cure, infection-related and in-hospital mortality, pneumonia recurrence and incidence of adverse effects, which was a composite of acute kidney injury (AKI), hyperkalaemia and thrombocytopenia.

Results
Of 93 patients included, 48 received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 45 received minocycline. There was no difference in the primary outcome of clinical cure between the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline groups (72.9% versus 66.7%, P = 0.51). S. maltophilia pneumonia recurrence was more common in the minocycline group compared to the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group (35.6% versus 10.4%, P = 0.006). In-hospital mortality was higher in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group although there was no difference in infection-related in-hospital mortality (6.3% versus 2.3%, P = 0.62). The incidence of AKI, hyperkalaemia and thrombocytopenia did not differ between groups.

Conclusion
There was no difference in clinical cure rate for S. maltophilia pneumonia treatment between trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline monotherapy although higher rates of recurrent pneumonia were observed in patients treated with minocycline. Rates of adverse effects were similar between groups.
The Prevalence of Xylazine in Patient Urine Samples That Were Positive for Fentanyl in Western New York
Authors: Young Brandy L , Gqamana Putuma P , Qiu Yinghua , Nacca Nicholas E , Zhang Y Victoria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Xylazine, a veterinary sedative, is increasingly being discovered in the illegal drug supply across the United States and is associated with overdose fatalities. Not approved for human use, xylazine poses life-threatening risks, particularly when used in conjunction with opioids such as fentanyl. This study evaluates the prevalence of xylazine in urine samples that screened positive for fentanyl. The evaluation involved measuring the parent drug xylazine and its metabolites, xylazine glucuronide and hydroxy-xylazine, as well as finding their correlation with fentanyl and norfentanyl concentrations in patient samples.

Methods
Samples were collected over a one-month period. Urine samples were analyzed for fentanyl, norfentanyl, and 3 xylazine-specific analytes (i.e., xylazine, xylazine glucuronide, and hydroxy-xylazine). Briefly, reverse-phase chromatographic separation was performed on a Bonshell Phenyl-Hexyl column utilizing a binary mobile phase gradient. The eluents were detected through positive electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring analysis on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.

Results
Out of a total of 230 urine samples, 184 were confirmed positive for fentanyl. Xylazine was detected in 56 out of the 184 fentanyl-positive samples, accounting for 30% of the fentanyl-positive confirmatory test. Xylazine (or its metabolites) was not observed in fentanyl-negative samples. Furthermore, the parent xylazine drug was detected in all 56 samples, whereas the metabolite glucuronide and hydroxy forms were only detected in 28 and 6 samples, respectively.

Conclusions
This study estimated a xylazine prevalence of 30% in fentanyl-positive urine samples within our local Western New York population. This study represents the first report within our clinical population.
Extended repertoire of CXC chemokines acting as agonists and antagonists of the human and murine atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2
Authors: Luís Rafael , Volkman Brian F , Szpakowska Martyna , Chevigné Andy 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) are a subfamily of important regulators of chemokine functions. Among them, ACKR2 has long been considered as a scavenger of multiple inflammatory chemokines exclusively from the CC family. Recently, we demonstrated the ability of ACKR2 to scavenge the CXC chemokine CXCL10, previously reported to bind solely the classical receptor CXCR3. This discovery emphasized the need for systematic reassessments of chemokine–receptor pairings. In this work, we established a highly sensitive NanoBRET-based competition binding assay using a novel proprietary ACKR2 modulator (LIH222) and applied it in a comprehensive reassessment of the pairings between human and murine chemokines and their respective ACKR2 orthologues. We confirmed CXCL10 as a ligand for the human but also the mouse ACKR2. We also identified CXCL5, CXCL11 and CXCL12 as new CXC chemokines for both ACKR2 orthologues. Furthermore, we showed that CXCL2 is a ligand for the human but not the mouse ACKR2, whereas CXCL1 binds the mouse but not the human receptor. Finally, we found that N-terminally truncated CXCL5 (CXCL58-78) loses its capacity to bind ACKR2, whereas the removal of the first two residues of CXCL11 (CXCL113-73) enhances its antagonist potency, showing a tendency towards a reduction of the receptor basal interactions with β-arrestins. Altogether, this study demonstrates that ACKR2 is not exclusive to CC chemokines and although with a weaker affinity it can also bind and scavenge a subset of inflammatory and homeostatic CXC chemokines important for the regulation of the immune system.
The Convergent Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination Results in Repeated Floral Scent Loss Through Gene Downregulation
Authors: Darragh Kathy , Kay Kathleen M , Ramírez Santiago R 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The repeated evolution of the same trait in different lineages provides powerful natural experiments to study the phenotypic and genotypic predictability of trait gain and loss. A fascinating example is the repeated evolution of hummingbird pollination in plant lineages in the Americas, a widespread and often unidirectional phenomenon. The spiral gingers in the genus Costus are ancestrally bee pollinated, and hummingbird pollination has evolved multiple times independently in the tropical Americas. These pollinator transitions are accompanied by predictable morphological and color changes, but the changes in floral scent have not been described. In this study, we describe the floral scent composition of 30 species of Costus sampled across the phylogeny to understand how floral scent has evolved across the genus with respect to pollinator transitions. We then combine transcriptomics and genomics to identify gene expression differences and gene family evolution associated with pollinator transitions. We show that hummingbird-pollinated species have mostly lost their floral scent, whereas bee-pollinated species exhibit either floral scent maintenance or, in some cases, gains of more diverse scent profiles. We find the floral scent loss appears to be due to gene downregulation rather than pseudogenization. The remarkable consistency of scent loss in hummingbird-pollinated species highlights the shared strong selection pressures experienced by these lineages. Even species with more recent transitions from bee to hummingbird pollination exhibit scent loss, highlighting the rapid breakdown of scent emission following pollinator transitions. This research highlights the capacity for rapid changes when selection pressures are strong through downregulation of floral scent genes.
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) By-products in Food Processing and Health Promotion
Authors: Duarte Lidiane Gonsalves , Laurindo Lucas Fornari , Bishayee Ankur , Casarcia Nicolette , Detregiachi Claudia Rucco P , Otoboni Alda Maria M , de Alvares Goulart Ricardo , Catharin Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze , Baldi Edgar , Catharin Vitor Cavallari Strozze , Guiguer Elen Landgraf , Sanches Silva Ana , Barbalho Sandra Maria , Bishayee Anupam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The edible and nonedible parts of the mango (Mangifera indica L.) contain vitamins, phytocompounds, fiber, and fatty acids. This review highlights the uses of mango by-products in the food industry and their effects on human health. The literature offers many new possibilities for the usage of mango secondary products in the food industry, such as the production of functional foods and bakery products, in addition to the potential for extraction of antioxidants and enzymes. Furthermore, due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, the consumption of various mango by-products, in the form of peel and leaf (powder or extract), can improve glycemia, plasma lipid levels, satiety, and endothelial function, suggesting that these compounds can prevent or improve various risk factors for cardiovascular complications and metabolic syndrome. Clinical trials show that the discarded parts of mango fruits and leaves can be used to treat diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, mango by-products can be utilized to improve the functional characteristics of foods, may be incorporated as fat replacers, and have the potential to leverage agribusiness and reduce environmental damage resulting from the disposal of discarded materials, in addition to reducing waste and the complex chain of environmental damage. Mango by-products also have the potential to produce nutraceutical food items. The use of new technologies can bring to light the production of numerous products made from by-products, contributing to the development of industrial functional foods. In addition, products for the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries may also be developed. Nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products could have lower prices and could, therefore, be used by low-income populations. The utilization of mango by-products meets the current trend and growing market for better and healthier products. However, more clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of mango by-products on human health, and new technologies can improve industrial applications.
National Trends in Antibiotic Prescribing for Adults Hospitalized With Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Other Viral Respiratory Infections
Authors: Pulia Michael S , Griffin Meggie , Schwei Rebecca J , Pop-Vicas Aurora , Schulz Lucas , Shieh Meng-Shiou , Pekow Penelope , Lindenauer Peter K 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Significant concerns have been raised regarding the overuse of antibiotics among patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the broad impact of the pandemic on antimicrobial stewardship in acute care. We sought to compare potentially unnecessary antibiotic prescribing over time among patients admitted with symptomatic COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 viral acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs).

Methods
We conducted a repeated cross-sectional analysis of the monthly antibiotic prescribing rate from March 2020 to December 2023 for COVID-19 admissions and from January 2019 to December 2023 for other viral ARTI admissions to 803 acute care hospitals in the United States that contributed data to the Premier Healthcare Database. Our primary outcome was the receipt of ≥1 dose of an antibiotic during the first 5 days of the admission. Secondary outcomes included days and duration of antibiotic therapy.

Results
This study included 513 698 COVID-19 and 106 932 non–COVID-19 viral ARTI admissions from March 2020 to December 2023. At the onset of the pandemic, &gt;80% of patients admitted for COVID-19 received antibiotics, and antibiotic prescribing for other viral ARTIs increased to nearly 70%. Antibiotic prescribing for these viral infections declined over time, with prescribing for COVID-19 stabilizing around 35% in 2022–2023 and prescribing for other viral ARTIs returning to 2019 seasonal patterns in 2023, with average monthly prescribing around 50%.

Conclusions
Despite improvements since the early part of the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for inpatients with COVID-19 and non–COVID-19 viral ARTIs remains an important antibiotic stewardship target.