bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic syndrome and associated components among police officers: A 7 and 12-year longitudinal analysis.
Authors: Violanti John M. , Fekedulegn Desta , Mnatsakanova Anna , Gu Ja K , Samantha Service , Allison Penelope , Hartley Tara A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study estimated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and its components among police officers including differences by sex.

Methods
Police officers were examined at baseline and two follow-up examinations after 7 and 12 years. MetSyn was defined using the 2005 guidelines from AHA/NHLBI. Risk for incident MetSyn and its components at follow-up exams and risk ratios in males compared to females were estimated using modified Poisson regression.

Results
The 7 (n = 276) - and 12- (n = 191) year incidence of MetSyn was 20.4% and 22.2%, respectively. MetSyn components with lowest and highest incidence were reduced HDL cholesterol and abdominal obesity. The 7-year risk of developing glucose intolerance was two-fold higher in males compared to females.

Conclusion
Longitudinal analysis of incidence of MetSyn and its components is important for understanding future cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality.
The influence of familiarity between the surgeon and their assistant on patient outcomes: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Stelzl Daniel R. , Polazzi Stephanie , Lifante Jean-Christophe , Dey Tanujit , Duclos Antoine 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The inverse relationship between increased surgical team familiarity and reduced operative time is established, but its effect on patient outcomes remains uncertain.

Materials and methods:
A prospective cohort study including operations by attending surgeons between 1 November 2020 and 31 December 2021 across fourteen surgical departments from four French university hospitals. Surgical team familiarity was measured as the cumulative number of previous operations performed by the same dyad of attending and assisting surgeons. Composite of adverse events within 30 days of surgery encompassed major surgical complication, unplanned reoperation, extended ICU stay, and death. We used multivariable generally estimated equations to model the association between patient outcomes and surgical team familiarity, using a logarithmic function. The model considered the clustering of operations within surgeons.

Results:
Our analysis included 8546 operations by 1109 surgical team dyads, involving 45 attending surgeons and 369 assisting surgeons. We observed a significant inverse association between surgical team familiarity and composite adverse events odds ratio [OR] 0.92 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.87–0.98), major surgical complications OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.88–0.99), and unplanned reoperations OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.78–0.99), with non-significant trends observed for extended ICU stays OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.75–1.04) and deaths OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.74–1.03). Within the first 15 collaborations, this was illustrated by a reduction in the occurrence of composite adverse events from 23.0% (95% CI 22.1%–24.0%) to 16.5% (95% CI 14.1%–18.8%), major surgical complications from 21.3% (95% CI 20.3%–22.2%) to 15.3% (95% CI 13.0%–17.5%), unplanned reoperations from 8.8% (95% CI 8.6%–9.1%) to 5.2% (95%CI 4.2%–6.1%), extended ICU stays from 4.3% (95% CI 4.1%–4.5%) to 3.1% (95% CI 2.0%–4.1%), and deaths from 2.3% (95% CI 2.1%–2.5%) to 1.4% (95% CI 0.9%–1.8%).

Conclusions and relevance:
This study emphasizes that heightened familiarity among surgical teams is associated with a significant reduction in major adverse events. Building stable operating room teams should be a management priority to enhance patient outcomes.
Incidence, risk factors and endoscopic retrieval of proximally migrated pancreatic stents: 25 years of experience in a high-volume center – a case controlled study
Authors: Cai Yi-Li , Wang Fan , Zhang Jie , Liu Miao , Guo Rui-Xi , Yang Ting , Li Zhao-Shen , Hu Liang-Hao 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim:
Proximal migration is one of the complications after pancreatic stenting. This study aims to determine the incidence, risk factors and endoscopic treatment of proximally migrated pancreatic stents.

Methods:
A retrospective search of all the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) records was conducted from 1997 to 2022 in our tertiary center. Proximal migration of the pancreatic stent was defined as when the stent shifted completely into the pancreatic duct and the distal end of the stent was no longer visible at the duodenal papilla.

Results:
A total of 9017 pancreatic duct stentings of 6083 patients were performed. The proximal migration rate was 0.2% (17/9017). Three predictive factors for proximal migration were identified: pancreatic duct stones (OR, 0.107), residual pancreatic duct stones (OR, 8.290) and straight-shape stent (OR, 4.725). After including 19 patients transferred from other hospitals, 46 ERCPs were performed to retrieve the proximally migrated stents in 36 patients. The success rate of endoscopic removal was 80.6% (29/36). 1 (2.8%) patient was referred to surgery, and 6 patients had new pancreatic stents placed for conservative treatment. 21.7% (10/46) cases developed post-ERCP pancreatitis and 2.2% (1/46) developed infection.

Conclusions:
Proximal migration of pancreatic stents is less common, but deserves more attention. Endoscopy is efficient in retrieving proximally migrated stents. In patients with residual pancreatic duct stones and straight stent, the risk of proximal migration is significantly increased.
How Do People Living With Cancer Navigate Health Systems?
Authors: Hennessey Emma , Kirkegaard Amy , Ball Lauren 
Published: January 2025

Background
Cancer and its physiological and psychological effects are well defined, but how these factors impact health system navigation for people living with cancer (PLWC) is lacking.

Objective
To develop a theory explaining how PLWC navigate health systems to meet their health and well-being needs.

Methods
This study used multi–grounded theory to explain how PLWC navigate health systems to meet their needs. Individuals more than 6 months postdiagnosis participated in semistructured interviews. The theory was grounded with the Health Beliefs Model and Socioecological Model to generate a candidate theory.

Results
Eighteen participants were interviewed (n = 12 female); the most prominent cancer type was breast (50%). The theory comprised 5 components describing how PLWC navigate health services: (1) “being on the journey” referenced a core care team and differing utilization over time; (2) “adjusting to a new identity” addressed feeling lost and isolated and a desire to be around people who have experienced cancer; (3) “assimilating knowledge” included knowledge about cancer, timing, and source of information; (4) “navigating the health system” found health-seeking attitudes and behaviors dictated whether services were accessed; and (5) “policy environment” acknowledged how policy set the context within which all theory components exist.

Conclusions
The candidate theory depicts core factors influencing how PWLC navigate health and well-being services over their cancer journey and into survivorship.

Implications for Practice
The theory identifies factors that influence access to healthcare, including trust and knowledge, which can form the basis of navigational initiatives and programs.
Robotic Nipple Sparing Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction with Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps
Authors: Haddock Nicholas T. , Teotia Sumeet S. , Farr Deborah 
Published: January 2025

Summary:
The single port robotic nipple sparing mastectomy (SPrNSM) was recently introduced. This approach is safe and has led to favorable outcomes in relation to cosmetic result, patient satisfaction, and breast sensation. The typical reconstruction with all robotic nipple sparing mastectomies is implant based; however, this is not always what a patient desires. We present autologous tissue reconstruction with PAP flaps following SPrNSM using the same axillary incision. A retrospective review of all patients treated with a PAP flap for breast reconstruction and SPrNSM at our institution from July 2022 to May 2023 was performed. Six patients underwent SPrNSM with PAP flap breast reconstruction (three delayed immediate and three immediate reconstruction). Three patients underwent subsequent revision with fat grafting. Breast reconstruction following robotic nipple sparing mastectomy has typically been performed with implants. We present a series of patients treated with PAP flaps for autologous reconstruction utilizing the same remote axillary incision as used in SPrNSM.
3D Segmentation of Whole Lung and Metastatic Lung Nodules Using Adaptive Region Growing and Shape-based Morphology
Authors: Baidya Kayal Esha , Ganguly Shuvadeep , Sasi Archana , Dheeksha DS , Saini Manish , Sharma Swetambri , Gupta Shivansh , Sharma Nikhil , Rangarajan Krithika , Bakhshi Sameer , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Mehndiratta Amit 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
Early diagnosis of primary and metastatic lung nodules is critical for effective therapeutic planning. Manual delineation of lung nodules is not time-efficient and is prone to human error as well as interobserver and intraobserver variability. This study aimed to address the unmet need for an open-source computer-aided detection (CAD) system for 3D segmentation of lung and metastatic lung nodules along with radiomic feature extraction.

Methods:
The proposed adaptive region-growing-based lung nodule segmentation (RGLNS) tool was developed in-house, requiring only manual input to select a seed point within the nodule on computed tomography (CT) images. A total of 230 CT scans from 100 patients with sarcomas were screened. Lung nodules were present in 200 CT scans, which were further analyzed. The accuracy of the lung and nodule segmentation was evaluated qualitatively using a 5-point Likert scale (uninterpretable: 1; poor: 2; fair: 3; good: 4; excellent: 5) and quantitatively using the Dice coefficient and Jaccard index.

Results:
A total of 200 CT scans comprising 12,000 CT slices were analyzed, among which 786 lung nodules were identified. Quantitative lung segmentation accuracies (n=2400 slices) yielded a Dice coefficient of 0.92±0.06 and a Jaccard index of 0.85±0.05. Qualitative scores (n=9600 slices) for lung boundary correction (4.56±1.18) and inclusion of pulmonary vessels (4.75±0.72) were rated as good to excellent. Quantitative nodule segmentation (n=142 nodules) accuracies were as follows: dice coefficient=0.92±0.03, 0.88±0.04, 0.86±0.03, 0.85±0.03, 084±0.04 and Jaccard index=0.84±0.03, 0.81±0.04, 0.78±0.04, 0.78±0.02, 0.76±0.04 for solitary (n=73), juxtapleural (n=32), juxtavascular (n=28), fissure-attached (n=6), and ground-glass (n=6) nodules, respectively. Qualitative scores (n=644 nodules) for nodule-boundary were good to excellent [solitary (n=342): 4.97±0.15; juxtapleural (n=155): 4.45±0.60; juxtavascular (n=127): 4.40±0.65; fissure-attached (n=9): 4.40±0.70; ground-glass (n=11): 4.25±0.75] and for exclusion of pulmonary vessels/pleura from nodules were good [juxtapleural (n=155): 4.10±0.66; juxtavascular (n=127): 4.08±0.64; fissure-attached (n=9): 4.30±0.67].

Conclusions:
The proposed semiautomated CAD system, RGLNS, requiring minimal manual input, demonstrated robust, and promising segmentation results for the whole lung and various types of metastatic lung nodules.
Head-to-Head Comparison Between [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi And [18F]F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Patients With Sarcoma
Authors: Sakir Mohammad , Ballal Sanjana , Rastogi Sameer , Yadav Madhav Prasad , Roesch Frank , Chandekar Kunal , GB Priyanka , Tripathi Madhavi , Dhiman Ayan , Taggar Mehul , Martin Marcel , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT for detecting primary and metastatic lesions in sarcoma patients.

Materials and Methods
The analysis included both patient-based and lesion-based comparisons of PET/CT scans in individuals with histologically confirmed sarcoma.

Results
A total of 23 sarcoma patients (mean age 43.0 ± 16.5 years; range: 21–76 years) underwent both [18F]F-FDG and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi PET/CT scans. Histological distribution included 30% synovial sarcoma, 13% liposarcoma, and 21.7% leiomyosarcoma, with 70% of patients presenting with distant metastases. Detection rates for primary tumors were similar between [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi and [18F]F-FDG PET/CT (85.7% vs 100%, P = 0.149). Lymph node detection rates were also comparable (80% vs 100%, P = 0.146). Lesion-based analysis revealed that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi detected 220 lesions (83% efficiency) compared with 249 lesions (94% efficiency) for [18F]F-FDG (P < 0.0001). Notably, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi demonstrated superior detection of liver (54 vs 38 lesions, P < 0.0001) and bone metastases (125 vs 102 lesions, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Our study shows that although [18F]F-FDG PET/CT offers superior overall lesion detection efficiency, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi PET/CT excels in identifying specific metastatic sites, particularly in bone and liver. These findings highlight the complementary roles of both imaging modalities in sarcoma evaluation.
Three-step Approach for Facial Reconstruction After Injectable Silicon: Surgical Excision, Fat Grafting, and Hyaluronic Acid Filler
Authors: Arcuri Francesco , Ardito Emanuela , Baldelli Ilaria , Laganà Francesco , Bianchi Bernardo 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
In facial cosmetic surgery, injectable liquid silicone has been used to augment the cheek and the lips and to camouflage facial wrinkles. However, complications started to arise in 1964 as postoperative silicone granuloma formation. The purpose of this study is to introduce our experience in facial reconstruction after injectable silicon oil with a sequential 3-step approach: transoral surgical excision, full-face fat grafting, and hyaluronic acid filler.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted for all patients affected by facial granulomatosis due to liquid silicone injection who underwent surgical treatment between January 2018 and June 2020 at the Unit of Maxillo-Facial Surgery at the Hospital “Policlinico San Martino” (Genoa, Italy).

Results:
Three female patients completed the entire surgical pathway. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 58.7 years (range, 52–65 y). There was no clinical recurrence of the facial deformity during a mean follow-up of 14 months. Apart from the standard postoperative discomforts such as bruising, edema, and pain, the authors did not observe major complications.

Conclusions:
Our 3-step approach is a safe and viable option that can be offered to motivated patients affected by granulomatous facial reactions.

Level of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM):
Level 3
The Association Between Vitamin D Status With Inflammatory Markers and Clinical Features in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Pishdadian Abbas , Amirkhizi Farshad , Zaersabet Zahra , Hamedi-Shahraki Soudabeh 
Published: January 2025

This cross-sectional study assessed the association of vitamin D status with inflammatory markers and clinical features in 122 patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) who attended the polyclinics in Tabriz, Iran. The diagnosis of MASLD among participants was ultrasonography. The mean serum levels of interleukin-6 (P = .028), tumor necrosis factor-α (P = .036), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = .005) were significantly higher in the patients with vitamin D insufficiency than those with vitamin D sufficiency. Vitamin D insufficiency in patients with MASLD was found to be related to higher inflammation and severity of liver steatosis.
Penetrance of Parkinson’s disease inGBA1carriers is depending on the variant severity and polygenic background
Authors: Hassanin Emadeldin , Landoulsi Zied , Pachchek Sinthuja ,   NCER-PD Consortium, Krawitz Peter , Maj Carlo , Krüger Rejko , May Patrick , Bobbili Dheeraj Reddy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundHeterozygous variants in theGBA1gene cause Parkinson’s disease (PD) with variable penetrance and have been classified into severe, mild, and PD-specific risk variants based on their association with Gaucher’s disease (GD; mild and severe) or PD (risk variants). Polygenic risk scores (PRS) further modify PD susceptibility and may influence the age of onset inGBA1variant carriers. Our study investigates the interaction between a genome wide PRS and pathogenicGBA1variants (GBA1PVs), focusing on how established combined PD risk polymorphisms may influenceGBA1-related PD risk across different levels ofGBA1-mediated pathogenicity.MethodsGBA1variants were identified from whole exome sequencing data in the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort and fromGBA1-targeted PacBio sequencing in the Luxembourg Parkinson’s Study (LuxPark). PRSs were calculated for all participants using established genome-wide significant SNPs, excluding variants within theGBA1locus, and then categorized based on both PRS levels andGBA1PVscarrier status. Carriers ofGBA1PVswere further divided into ‘severe (Gaucher-related) +mild (PD-related)’ and ‘risk’ groups. To evaluate the relationship between PRS,GBA1PVscarrier status or severity, and PD risk, logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were conducted with disease presence as the dependent variable.ResultsWe identifiedGBA1PVsin 8.8% of PD patients in the UKB discovery cohort and 9.9% in the LuxPark replication cohort.GBA1PVscarriers had consistently higher PD risk compared to non-carriers across all PRS categories. In UKB,GBA1PVscarriers in the highest PRS category had a 2.3-fold increased risk of PD (OR: 2.34; 95% CI, 2.08-2.63) and cumulative incidence of 67% by the age of 75, while those in LuxPark had a 1.6-fold higher risk (OR: 1.64; 95% CI, 1.52-1.76), and cumulative incidence of 81% at the age of 75. Carriers of “severe+mild”GBA1variants had nearly double the risk of PD compared to “risk” variant carriers, with ORs ranging from 2.05 to 3.69 in UKB and 1.73 to 1.98 in LuxPark. The interaction between the PRSs andGBA1PVsseverity was similar in the two cohorts.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate thatGBA1PVscarrier status and severity significantly impact PD risk, with severe variants conferring higher risk than risk ones. Additionally, PRS consistently increases both PD risk andGBA1PVspenetrance in an additive manner across all variant types, defining a genetic background that influences PD penetrance inGBA1PVscarriers. The presence of additional PD-associated risk variants inGBA1carriers defines new avenues to incorporate PRS and genetic risk data into future clinical trial design and genetic counselling inGBA1-associated PD.
Sex-specific metabolic signatures of adiposity associated with clinical biomarkers in the UK Biobank
Authors: Papagiannopoulos Christos K. , Markozannes Georgios , Chalitsios Christos V. , Christakoudi Sofia , Gunter Marc J , Dossus Laure , Martin Richard M. , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Papandreou Christopher , Tsilidis Konstantinos K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExcessive adiposity increases disease risk, yet the exact underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We compared sex-specific metabolic signatures (MSs) of adiposity indices (non-allometric: body fat %, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index; allometric: a body shape index, hip index, waist-to-hip-index ratio) and examined their associations with 29 clinical biomarkers in 151,526 UK Biobank participants. MSs performance was validated in an independent cohort. In females, MSs mainly consisted of lipoprotein particle concentrations, apolipoproteins, fatty acids and inflammation-linked glycoprotein acetyls, whereas in males lipoproteins rich in cholesteryl esters and aromatic/branched-chain amino acids predominated. The highest percentages of common metabolites were observed between non-allometric adiposity indices (median: 42.4%; range: 9%–56%). MSs were independently associated with over 25 biomarkers with differences observed by sex and adiposity index, and these associations were stronger compared to the respective phenotypic associations. MSABSI was found to be more atherogenic, whereas MSHI was more favourable for health. This study highlights i) that different regions of adipose tissue undergo distinct metabolic processes overall and by sex, each having unique impact on health, and ii) the importance of considering metabolic factors beyond simple adiposity indices in assessing health risk.
Global trends and prevalence of scabies: a spatiotemporal analysis using Global Burden of Disease 2021 data
Authors: Gupta Saptorshi , Thornley Simon , Morris Arthur , Sundborn Gerhard , Grant Cameron 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundScabies is a neglected disease believed to be more prevalent in resource-poor nations. Data describing global temporal trends of scabies incidence and prevalence and risk factors is limited.MethodsThis paper uses joinpoint regression and spatial analysis to estimate age-standardized rates (ASR) of scabies incidence and prevalence and temporal trends in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021. Local indicators of spatial association were used to determine contiguous areas of high prevalence. The association of socio-demographic and economic factors with scabies was determined using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing and log-normal regression models.FindingsGlobal prevalence of scabies in 2021 was 2.71% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.41 to 3.04%). Age-standardized rates of scabies have marginally declined globally from 1990 to 2021 with an Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) of -0.10 (95% CI -0.05 to -0.14) for incidence and -0.09 (95% CI -0.05 to -0.14) for prevalence. Spatial clustering of high scabies prevalence was present in tropical Latin America, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Rates have shown an increasing trend in high-income regions such as Australasia and parts of Europe. Scabies showed a declining trend from middle to high socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. There is a significant positive association between warmer latitudes and increasing urbanization and scabies prevalence.InterpretationScabies prevalence remains high in many regions. Control programmes should be prioritized to accelerate progress to reduce prevalence of this important neglected disease.