bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Investigations of Plant Response to Salt Stress: Insights Through Impedance Studies of OECT‐Based Biosensor
Authors: M Sneha , Ravindranath Nair Afijth , Jayaraman V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOrganic Electrochemical Transistor fabricated from conducting polymer material, PEDOT: PSS has been demonstrated towards study of plant response to salt stress. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies of OECT under both in‐vivo and in‐vitro salt stress monitoring conditions have been carried out. Change in ionic concentration induced in the biological system of a living plant subjected to salt stress has been elucidated in terms of change in impedance of biosensor integrated in its stem. The impedance data recorded was used to derive equivalent distributed‐element circuit models for the device, under both in‐vivo and in‐vitro conditions.
Microfluidic Encapsulation of Vorinostat in Calcium Alginate Microparticles: Prolonged Release and Enhanced in vitro Cytotoxicity
Authors: Dang Cu Trung , Dang Trung Dung , Thi Thuy Trang Ngo , Tran Duy Thanh , Nguyen Lan Huong , Kim Gyu Man , Ta Hong Duc , Tran Khac Vu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this research, the vorinostat‐loaded alginate microparticles were created and their characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray mapping (EDX‐mapping), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to assess the drug state and thermal behavior of vorinostat within the microparticles. The encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency were determined, and the solubility of vorinostat in the microparticles was investigated. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated sustained release of vorinostat from the microparticles. The cytotoxicity of vorinostat‐loaded alginate microparticles was evaluated using HepG2, MCF‐7, and SK‐LU‐1 cell lines. The results indicated significant inhibition of cell growth, and the IC50 values were estimated. Overall, this study successfully demonstrated the fabrication of vorinostat‐loaded alginate microparticles using a microfluidic approach, suggesting a simple and effective delivery system for vorinostat with improved physicochemical and pharmacological properties.
Rational Design and Site‐Directed Mutagenesis Promote the Heterologous Production of the Antitumor Natural Product Dehydroabietic Acid
Authors: Ma Lin , Gao Jie , Qiu Yufan , Liu Yuan , Wu Xiaoyi , Zhang Xianan , Tong Yuru , Gao Wei , Zhang Yifeng , Liu Changli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCytochrome P450s participate in the biosynthesis of natural active ingredients and catalyze the formation of hydroxyl, carboxyl, epoxy and other groups from C−H bonds. CYP728B70 from Tripterygium wilfordii oxidizes the miltiradiene‐C18 methyl group to produce dehydroabietic acid, a diterpenoid intermediate with anticancer, antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory activities. To elevate the carboxylation product output, we excavated serveral homologous CYP728Bs and an N‐terminal truncated CYP728B70 transcript from T. wilfordii genome, of which CYP728B79 possessed a weak carboxylation effect towards miltiradiene through heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We employed RoseTTAFold method and molecular dynamic simulations to predict its protein structure and docking pose of CYP728B70, and obtained several mutants with increased yield using Funclib and site‐directed mutagenesis methods. Our study confirmed the influence of peripheral residues on protein activity, improved the catalytic activity of CYP728B70, and would provide ideas for related enzyme modification.
Final Conclusion: Governance Mechanisms for Socially Sustainable Urban Densification
Authors: Debrunner Gabriela 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe results of this book extend the knowledge about why some groups or interests experience disproportional access to housing stocks in densifying urban areas, and tend to lose while others tend to win. In the concluding part, the key results answering the three sub-questions (SQ1 to SQ3) are presented. Results are discussed that contribute to neoinstitutionalist political ecology research. Chapter 6 and this chapter close with the findings that answer the main research question (RQ) and rich conclusions supporting the point of this book, i.e. that densification has become a business, which creates exclusion and marginalization for some part of the urban population. Although results are limited to Switzerland, potential for generalization to other states and urban contexts results from the identified key results and causal mechanisms. Finally, the limitations of the theoretical and methodological model applied are discussed (Sect. 7.2), and an outlook for future research is presented (Sect. 7.3).
Standardisierte Erhebungsinstrumente
Authors: Thimm Antonia , Dieckmann Friedrich 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Anwendung standardisierter Erhebungsinstrumente ist in der empirischen Forschung zum Wohnen von Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung in Deutschland weniger verbreitet als in anderen Ländern. In diesem Kapitel werden international gebräuchliche Erhebungsinstrumente für die vier Themenbereiche „adaptives Verhalten“, „Selbstbestimmung“, „Teilhabe im Sozialraum“ und „Qualität von Assistenzleistungen“ vorgestellt. Adaptives Verhalten ist für die Beschreibung des Personenkreises von Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung ein bedeutsames Konstrukt und im Zusammenspiel mit anderen Bedingungen ein wichtiger Einflussfaktor für die Teilhabechancen und Lebensqualität von Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung. Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe im Sozialraum sind zwei Kerndimensionen des Lebensqualitätskonzepts von Schalock R, & Verdugo M (Handbook on quality of life for human service practitioners. American Association on Mental Retardation, 2002) und wichtige Leitziele für die Unterstützung der Lebensführung von Menschen mit intellektueller Beeinträchtigung. Die Qualität der Assistenzleistungen beeinflusst die Lebensqualität von Menschen mit Beeinträchtigung. Vorgestellt werden strukturierte Beobachtungsinstrumente, mit denen sich die Assistenzleistungen überprüfen lassen. Die Autor*innen machen auf international verbreitete Messinstrumente aufmerksam, deren Übersetzung, Anwendung und Weiterentwicklung lohnenswert wäre. Mit deutschsprachigen Versionen bewährter Instrumente können Forschungsergebnisse aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum besser in internationale Diskurse eingebracht werden. Die Instrumente lassen sich darüber hinaus auch für Zwecke in der Praxis nutzen.
Partizipative Forschung
Authors: Schuppener Saskia 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit verschiedenen Relevanzsetzungen und Diskussionsaspekten Partizipativer Forschung. Ausgehend von forschungsethischen Fragen werden die Ansprüche der Subjektorientierung und der Pluralisierung im Rahmen Partizipativer Forschungsformate reflektiert. Hier werden Fragen der Ausgestaltungsmacht und Wirkung von Forschung beleuchtet und auf der Basis eines Anspruchs von Perspektivenvielfalt gedeutet. Folgend werden unterschiedliche Ansätze und Qualitätskriterien Partizipativer Forschung skizziert und vor dem Hintergrund eines hegemonieselbstkritischen Zugangs im Hochschulsektor kritisch hinterfragt. Den Abschluss bildet ein Einblick in eine partizipativ-orientierte Forschungsarbeit mit Jugendlichen mit zugeschriebener geistiger Behinderung. Diese Forschungszusammenarbeit zu dem sensiblen Thema ,Autonomieeinschränkungen und freiheitsentziehende Maßnahmen‘ wird hier entlang der zuvor aufgezeigten forschungsethischen Spannungsfelder (selbst)kritisch diskutiert.
Short- and long-run cross-border European sustainability interdependences
Authors: Yfanti S. , Karanasos M. , Wu J. , Vourvachis P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe increasing interest in climate change risks, environmental degradation, corporate social responsibility, and environmental, social, governance principles has motivated the recent soaring focus of policymakers, market practitioners, and academics on sustainable investments. In this vein, we investigate the cross-country interconnectedness among sustainability equity indices. Using a bivariate Dynamic Conditional Correlations-Mixed Data Sampling (DCC-MIDAS) specification, we study the short- and long-run time-varying dependence dynamics between European and five international (Australia, Brazil, Japan, US, and Canada) sustainability benchmarks. Our cross-country dynamic correlation analysis identifies the interdependence types and hedging characteristics in the short- and long-run across the business cycle. The significant macro- and crisis-sensitivity of the sustainability correlation pattern unveils strong countercyclical cross-country sustainability interlinkages for most index pairs and crisis periods. We further reveal the high- and low-frequency contagion transmitters or interdependence drivers in the macro environment during the 2008 global financial turmoil, the European sovereign debt crisis, and the recent pandemic-induced crash. Finally, we demonstrate that climate change risks and policy considerations are potent catalysts for both countercyclical and procyclical cross-border sustainability spillovers.
Bias assessment and correction for Levin’s population attributable fraction in the presence of confounding
Authors: Ferguson John , Alvarez Alberto , Mulligan Martin , Judge Conor , O’Donnell Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn 1953, Morton Levin introduced a simple approach to estimating population attributable fractions (PAF) depending only on risk factor prevalence and relative risk. This formula and its extensions are still in widespread use today, particularly to estimate PAF in populations where individual data is unavailable. Unfortunately, Levin’s approach is known to be asymptotically biased for the PAF when the risk factor-disease relationship is confounded even if relative risks that are correctly adjusted for confounding are used in the estimator. Here we describe a simple re-expression of Miettinen’s estimand that depends on the causal relative risk, the unadjusted relative risk and the population risk factor prevalence. While this re-expression is not new, it has been underappreciated in the literature, and the associated estimator may be useful in estimating PAF in populations when individual data is unavailable provided estimated adjusted and unadjusted relative risks can be transported to the population of interest. Using the re-expressed estimand, we develop novel analytic formulae for the relative and absolute asymptotic bias in Levin’s formula, solidifying earlier work by Darrow and Steenland that used simulations to investigate this bias. We extend all results to settings with non-binary valued risk factors and continuous exposures and discuss the utility of these results in estimating PAF in practice.
Analysis of Antennal Responses to Motion Stimuli in the Honey Bee by Automated Tracking Using DeepLabCut
Authors: Kohno Hiroki , Kamata Shuichi , Kubo Takeo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConsidering recent developments in gene manipulation methods for honey bees, establishing simple and robust assay systems which can analyze behavioral components in detail inside a laboratory is important for the rise of behavioral genetics in the honey bee. We focused on the antennal movements of the honey bee and developed an experimental system for analyzing the antennal responses (ARs) of the honey bee using DeepLabCut, a markerless posture-tracking tool using deep learning. The tracking of antennal movements using DeepLabCut during the presentation of vertical (downward and upward) motion stimuli successfully detected the direction-specific ARs in the transverse plane, which has been reported in the previous studies where bees tilted their antennae in the direction opposite to the motion stimuli. In addition, we found that honey bees also exhibited direction-specific ARs in the coronal plane in response to horizontal (forward and backward) motion stimuli. Furthermore, an investigation of the developmental maturation of honey bee ARs showed that ARs to motion stimuli were not detected in bees immediately after emergence but became detectable through post-emergence development in an experience-independent manner. Finally, unsupervised clustering analysis using multidimensional data created by processing tracking data using DeepLabCut classified antennal movements into different clusters, suggesting that data-driven behavioral classification can apply to AR paradigms. In summary, our results revealed direction-specific ARs even in the coronal plane to horizontal motion stimuli and developmental maturation of ARs for the first time, and suggest the efficacy of data-driven analysis for behavioral classification in behavioral studies of the honey bee.
A Well-Balanced Semi-implicit IMEX Finite Volume Scheme for Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics at All Mach Numbers
Authors: Birke Claudius , Boscheri Walter , Klingenberg Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe propose a second-order accurate semi-implicit and well-balanced finite volume scheme for the equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics including gravitational source terms. The scheme treats all terms associated with the acoustic pressure implicitly while keeping the remaining terms part of the explicit sub-system. This semi-implicit approach makes the method particularly well suited for problems in the low Mach regime. We combine the semi-implicit scheme with the deviation well-balancing technique and prove that it maintains equilibrium solutions for the magnetohydrostatic case up to rounding errors. In order to preserve the divergence-free property of the magnetic field enforced by the solenoidal constraint, we incorporate a constrained transport method in the semi-implicit framework. Second order of accuracy is achieved by means of a standard spatial reconstruction technique with total variation diminishing property, and by an asymptotic preserving time stepping algorithm built upon the implicit-explicit Runge–Kutta time integrators. Numerical tests in the low Mach regime and near magnetohydrostatic equilibria support the low Mach and well-balanced properties of the numerical method.
Weak determinism and the computational consequences of interaction
Authors: Meinhardt Eric , Mai Anna , Baković Eric , McCollum Adam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent work has claimed that (non-tonal) phonological patterns are subregular (Heinz 2011a,b, 2018; Heinz and Idsardi 2013), occupying a delimited proper subregion of the regular functions—the weakly deterministic (WD) functions (Heinz and Lai 2013; Jardine 2016). Whether or not it is correct (McCollum et al. 2020a), this claim can only be properly assessed given a complete and accurate definition of WD functions. We propose such a definition in this article, patching unintended holes in Heinz and Lai’s (2013) original definition that we argue have led to the incorrect classification of some phonological patterns as WD. We start from the observation that WD patterns share a property that we call unbounded semiambience, modeled after the analogous observation by Jardine (2016) about non-deterministic (ND) patterns and their unbounded circumambience. Both ND and WD functions can be broken down into compositions of deterministic (subsequential) functions (Elgot and Mezei 1965; Heinz and Lai 2013) that read an input string from opposite directions; we show that WD functions are those for which these deterministic composands do not interact in a way that is familiar from the theoretical phonology literature. To underscore how this concept of interaction neatly separates the WD class of functions from the strictly more expressive ND class, we provide analyses of the vowel harmony patterns of two Eastern Nilotic languages, Maasai and Turkana, using bimachines, an automaton type that represents unbounded bidirectional dependencies explicitly. These analyses make clear that there is interaction between deterministic composands when (and only when) the output of a given input element of a string is simultaneously dependent on information from both the left and the right: ND functions are those that involve interaction, while WD functions are those that do not.
Wage Disparities in Academia for Engineering Women of Color and the Limitations of Advocacy and Agency
Authors: McGee Ebony , Cox Monica F. , Main Joyce B. , Miles Monica L. , Hailu Meseret F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe devaluation of women of Color (WoC) by way of gender discrimination and systemic racism is well documented. For WoC in engineering a chief cause is the observable wage gap. Women who identify as Asian, Black/African American, Latina/Chicana, Indigenous/Native American, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, Native Alaskan, and/or multiracial have reported stark wage disparities. In this paper, we offer a phenomenological study of how WoC engineering faculty across U.S. academic institutions describe the challenges and practices associated with wage disparities and how they navigate these disparities. This study, which is based on participant interviews, is guided by three research questions: (1) What do WoC engineering tenure-track faculty perceive about wage disparities based on their race and gender? (2) How do WoC faculty understand the institutional practices that contribute to wage disparities? and (3) How do WoC engineering faculty respond to and address wage disparities? Using structural racism and intersectionality as our guiding conceptual framework, we interviewed 32 self-identified WoC who identified structures and systems of institutional racism related to the maintenance of wage disparities. In terms of findings, we note that WoC have two primary strategies to respond to wage disparity: advocacy and agency. The experiences of WoC engineering faculty in our study highlight unsatisfying institutional responses, and thus WoC often rely on their own agency to advocate for themselves and to advocate for and mentor other WoC faculty. We found a few notable cases where men advocated for women to help close the wage gap. Our work reveals that pay inequity for WoC is often coupled with other forms of exclusion and marginalization.Reducing wage disparities in academia is critical to advancing diversity efforts and ensuring equitable support for WoC faculty. Our findings suggest that institutions can work diligently to rectify wage inequality, including making sustainable structural and salary modifications and sharing the burden of combatting wage inequities. Finally, our findings also highlight the importance of making policy changes to reduce pay inequalities, such as providing transparent pay information and more opportunities to earn merit raises.
Validation and measurement invariance of the Compulsive Exercise Test among Brazilian and American young adults
Authors: Campos Priscila Figueiredo , Frazier Leslie D. , Almeida Maurício , de Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate compulsive exercise, researchers often rely on the widely used Compulsive Exercise Test (CET). However, the measure has shown unstable factor structure in several validation studies and is not available in Portuguese for use in Brazil. We aimed to describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the CET to Brazilian Portuguese, to test several factor structures among Brazilian and US samples of men and women, to test measurement invariance across countries, and to evaluate its internal consistency. Furthermore, we sought to evaluate convergent validity, correlating the CET with a measure of eating disorder symptoms, and to compare compulsive exercise symptoms between countries.

Methods
Four models of the latent structure of the CET were tested using confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), three-factor structure with 15 items, three-factor structure with 18 items, four-factor structure with 21 items, and the original five-factor structure with 24 items, in a sample of 1,531 young adults (601 Brazilians and 930 Americans), aged 18–35 years.

Results
A series of CFAs demonstrated that the three-factor structure with 15 items showed a better fit to the data. This model demonstrated good convergent validity and internal consistency. Results from the CET multigroup CFA showed evidence for the invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar levels across Brazilians and Americans. Furthermore, significant differences were found between Brazilians and Americans, with Brazilians demonstrating higher scores on the Avoidance and rule-driven behavior and Mood improvement subscales, whereas US participants scored higher on the Weight control exercise subscale.

Conclusions
Results support the three-factor structure with 15 items to be used as a measure of compulsive exercise among Brazilians and Americans, allowing cross-cultural comparisons between these countries.

Level of evidence
Level V, Cross-sectional, Psychometric study.
Life Satisfaction among Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Associations with Traumatic Events and Daily Hassles
Authors: Solhaug Anne Kristine , Oppedal Brit , Røysamb Espen , Calam Rachel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhile there is a growing literature about mental health problems among unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors (URMs), far less is known about their wellbeing. Such information is important as a subjective sense of wellbeing is associated with a variety of positive health and psychosocial outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine life satisfaction and the association with traumatic events, daily hassles, and asylum status among URMs in Norway. We collected self-report questionnaire data from URMs living in Norway (n = 173, 90.80% male, 71.1% from Afghanistan). Mean age was 16.62 (SD = 1.74) years, and they reported clinically relevant post-traumatic stress symptoms. We explored variation in life satisfaction, URM-specific daily hassles and traumatic events. We also investigated a mediation model, in which we assumed that daily hassles mediated the association between traumatic events and life satisfaction. The participants reported low life satisfaction (M = 4.28, SD = 2.90, 0–10 scale). A negative outcome of the asylum process and URM-specific daily hassles were associated with reduced life satisfaction. URM-specific daily hassles accounted for the relation between traumatic events and life satisfaction. The youth had been exposed to several traumatic events yet the effect of these on life satisfaction appeared indirect, via an increase in URM-specific daily hassles. Reducing the number of, or help URM cope with, URM-specific daily hassles may increase their life satisfaction.