bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State of the Hippocampus and Frontal Brain in Rats with Experimental Hypothyroidism
Authors: Lesiv Maryana , Yurakh Omelian 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Despite the fact that today patients with hypothyroidism manage to correct their hormonal profile, perfect control is not always achieved during the course of the disease. This was noted in a study of 22 people with hypothyroidism according to medical records for 8.24±0.76 years: the average TSH level was 7.14±2.37 mIU∕l, T4 was 23.01±4.38 pmol/l, although at the start of the study TSH was 3.72±0.76 mIU∕l and T4 was 13.8±1.96 pmol/l. Ultimately, this affected cognitive functions, including attention, speech and memory, despite the fact that cognitive impairment with drug compensation of hypothyroidism is considered reversible.
The results of a morphological study of the hippocampus and frontal lobe of the brain in rats with experimental hypothyroidism at an early stage can serve as a prototype for changes in the corresponding structures responsible for cognitive functions in individuals with hypothyroidism, even against the background of relative compensation with a long course of the disease.
Objective. To study morphology of the brain areas responsible for cognitive functions, in particular the hippocampus and anterior-frontal cortex in rats in the early stages of experimental hypothyroidism.
Materials and methods. The study included 12 white outbred sexually mature male rats. Hypothyroidism was modelled in 7 rats using the drug “Mercazolil” (“Zdorovye”, Ukraine). After 28 days, the animals underwent light-optical study of the histological structure of CA1, CA3 fields of the hippocampus, dentate gyrus and anterior-frontal cortex. Five animals were intact and, accordingly, served as controls.
Results. The light-optical examination revealed the sequence and depth of the violations: the most pronounced dystrophic changes with vacuolation of structures occur in the dentate gyrus; in the hippocampus itself, the CA1 field is the most vulnerable; lateralisation of hippocampal morphological changes with left-sided dominance was detected; minor morphological changes were detected in the anterior-frontal cortex. It is important that neuro-glial changes occur in parallel with vascular disorders.
Conclusions. Under the conditions of simulated hypothyroidism, changes occur in all studied brain components with their left-sided dominance, except for the anterior-frontal cortex.
Peculiarities of Arteriovenous Prosthesis Functioning in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Semchenko Vladyslav , Popadyuk Oleh , Legun Oleh 
Published: October 2023

Long-term and proper functioning of vascular access is necessary for renal replacement therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). If it is impossible to form an arteriovenous fistula due to a pathologically changed structure of the vascular wall of peripheral arteries and veins, an arteriovenous prosthesis of various locations is implanted to form a permanent vascular access. However, the problem of long-term use of arteriovenous prostheses remains relevant, in particular, due to the prevalence of hemodynamic disorders, such as thrombosis, stenoses, and pseudoaneurysms.
The aim of the study was a retrospective analysis of hemodynamic disorders and peculiarities of the use of arteriovenous prostheses as permanent vascular access in patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy.
There were analyzed 586 medical records of inpatients and 103 discharge epicrisis of outpatients of the intensive nephrology department. Out of the 467 primary permanent vascular accesses formed for renal replacement therapy, 391 (83.72%) ones – were native arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and 76 (16.27%) – were arteriovenous prostheses (AVP).
It was found that the increase in the frequency of initial uncorrected and corrected primary loss of vascular access for AVF is the greatest during the first year of use and amounts to 35.53% and 26.32% of cases, respectively. Instead, the greatest increase in secondary loss of patency is observed during the first six months of using prostheses, which corresponds to 10.53% of patients. It is worth paying attention to the problem of concomitant pathology, in particular diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, calcification disease, which directly affect the state of the vascular wall and the functioning effectiveness of the vascular access. The obtained results indicate the necessity to review and supplement the existing methods of prevention of hemodynamic disorders of AVF during the first 6-12 months of their use in order to improve the quality of patients’ lives.
Improvement of the Endodontic Treatment Efficiency of the Maxillary First Molars Using Differentiated Instrumental Preparation of the Apical Part and Additional Sealing of Root Canal Orifices
Authors: Kobryn Nataliya , Hereliuk Vitalii 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Endodontic treatment of maxillary first molars (MFMs) is very challenging due to the anatomical complexity of root canals which makes it difficult to do the proper cleaning, shaping, and obturation.
Aim was to study the effectiveness of a proposed endodontic treatment of maxillary first molars, compared to the traditional method, in patients with and without concomitant generalized periodontitis.
Methods. Endodontic treatment of 176 maxillary first molars was carried out according to the traditional method and proposed one, which included a differentiated approach to the instrumental preparation of the apical part of the root canal, and additional sealing of the root canals orifices using glass-ionomer cement. Obturation was conducted by lateral compaction of gutta-percha, combined with zinc-oxide-eugenol (ZOE) sealer and sealer based on epoxy resins. The effectiveness of endodontic treatment was evaluated based on the radiological comparison of the index, area of periapical destruction, and optical density of treated teeth roots immediately after, in 6 and 12 months.
Results. In 12 months after the endodontic treatment in the subgroups where the proposed technique was used, in patients with chronic apical periodontitis, better positive dynamics of the % increase in densitometric indicators, % increase of ​​periapical bone destruction, and the decrease of PAI were noted. The % increase of the ​​destruction area in the subgroup with the proposed treatment in combination with ZOE sealer was (79.21±2.41) %, that characterizes the decrease in the area from 14.03±0.7 mm2 to 2.65±0.26 mm2. It was established that the index of endodontic treatment effectiveness is significantly lower in patients with generalized periodontitis of 2nd degree, compared to patients with healthy periodontium(p<0.05).
Conclusions. It was established that the combination of the proposed method of treatment and ZOE sealer showed high effectiveness of endodontic treatment, due to the radiological picture in 12 months. It was found that there can be a possible negative effect of tooth mobility on the prognosis of endodontic treatment.
Clinical Observation of Acute Intestinal Obstruction Caused by Giant Granulosa Cell Tumour of the Ovary
Authors: Bitska Iryna , Vasyliuk Serhii , Rudnyk Viktoriia , Dmytruk O. , Hudyvok Volodymyr , Labiak Ivan 
Published: October 2023

Ovarian granulosa cell tumours (OGCT) are non-epithelial neoplasms of the ovaries and belong to the group of granulosa-stromal tumours. The most likely source of these tumours’ development is granulosis of the primordial follicles of the ovary as a result of hormonal imbalance.
The aim of the study is to represent a clinical observation of acute intestinal obstruction caused by a giant ovarian granulosa cell macrofollicular tumour.
A woman, aged 52 years, medical history № 2579, was admitted to the surgical department of Communal Non-Profit Enterprise (CNPE) City Clinical Hospital (CCH) № 1 in Ivano-Frankivsk as an urgent patient with complaints of nausea, vomiting, delayed passage of flatus and defecation, general malaise, abdominal distention. During the laboratory and instrumental examination, a giant tumour of the abdominal cavity was revealed; it has led to the compression of internal organs and the development of small- and large-intestinal obstruction. The operation was performed: middle-median laparoscopy, removal of a giant cyst of the right ovary. Complete hysterectomy with appendages, drainage of the abdominal cavity were also performed.
During the operation, a giant tumour with dimensions of 65x70x50 cm, of dense but elastic consistency, pale-pink in color, with multiple chambers of different diameters filled with cloudy, yellow liquid was revealed. The removed uterus with appendages and a large omentum were also given for pathological examination. Pathohistological examination results included: 15824-8- granulosa-cell ovarian tumour; 15815-7- uterus - plethora; 15818-20-ovary - white bodies, fallopian tube - chronic salpingitis; 15812-4- omentum - focal hemorrhages. The postoperative period was uneventful, the patient was referred to a gynecologist-oncologist for consultation and treatment.
ChatGPT Interactive Medical Simulations for Early Clinical Education: Case Study
Authors: Scherr Riley , Halaseh Faris F , Spina Aidin , Andalib Saman , Rivera Ronald 
Published: October 2023

Background
The transition to clinical clerkships can be difficult for medical students, as it requires the synthesis and application of preclinical information into diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. ChatGPT—a generative language model with many medical applications due to its creativity, memory, and accuracy—can help students in this transition.

Objective
This paper models ChatGPT 3.5’s ability to perform interactive clinical simulations and shows this tool’s benefit to medical education.

Methods
Simulation starting prompts were refined using ChatGPT 3.5 in Google Chrome. Starting prompts were selected based on assessment format, stepwise progression of simulation events and questions, free-response question type, responsiveness to user inputs, postscenario feedback, and medical accuracy of the feedback. The chosen scenarios were advanced cardiac life support and medical intensive care (for sepsis and pneumonia).

Results
Two starting prompts were chosen. Prompt 1 was developed through 3 test simulations and used successfully in 2 simulations. Prompt 2 was developed through 10 additional test simulations and used successfully in 1 simulation.

Conclusions
ChatGPT is capable of creating simulations for early clinical education. These simulations let students practice novel parts of the clinical curriculum, such as forming independent diagnostic and therapeutic impressions over an entire patient encounter. Furthermore, the simulations can adapt to user inputs in a way that replicates real life more accurately than premade question bank clinical vignettes. Finally, ChatGPT can create potentially unlimited free simulations with specific feedback, which increases access for medical students with lower socioeconomic status and underresourced medical schools. However, no tool is perfect, and ChatGPT is no exception; there are concerns about simulation accuracy and replicability that need to be addressed to further optimize ChatGPT’s performance as an educational resource.
Bioassay Method Development to Test Sitophilus oryzae Sensitivity against Phosphine
Authors: Harahap Nafsiyah Agustina , Witjaksono Witjaksono , Martono Edhi , Trisyono Y. Andi 
Published: October 2023

Sitophilus oryzae is a cereal product pest found in warehouses. The presence of this pest negatively impacts the quality and quantity of stored rice. The common method used to control warehouse pests is fumigation. However, frequent use of insecticides will trigger resistance within target pest populations. This study aimed to develop a bioassay method based on the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) protocols and modify bioassay protocols to determine S. oryzae susceptibility of populations collected from traditional markets across Yogyakarta. Field populations were collected from eight traditional markets in Yogyakarta (Lempuyangan Market [Kapanewon Danurejan], Kranggan Market [Kapanewon Jetis], Caturtunggal Market [Kapanewon Depok], Godean Market [Kapanewon Godean], Imogiri Market [Kapanewon Imogiri], Pleret Market [Kapanewon Pleret], Kasihan Market [Kapanewon Lendah], and Brosot Market [Kapanewon Galur]). The reference population was obtained from the Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology(SEAMEO BIOTROP). The bioassay was carried out following FAO protocols by using a glass jar fumigation chamber (volume 2 L) which was a modification of the desiccator of FAO recommended method number 16. This test used the lowest testable dose for this method: 0.01 × 10-2 mg/2L or 0.5 × 10-2 µg/L tested on 100 imagoes which were divided into five replications and obtained 100% mortality on the second day (48 hours). Results showed that the FAO fumigation chamber method could not be used in the test, so modifications were carried out to determine tested doses by changing the volume of the fumigation container. The test used three container volumes, including 20, 60, and 80 L. Result from 20 L container showed 82-100% mortality, 60 L containers showed 69-100% mortality, and 80 L containers showed 24-79% mortality. Results from 80 L container was suitable for the bioassay because it was able to test the lowest dose on reference insects. Eight doses ranging from 0.125 to 1.625 × 10-2 µg/L, and an untreated control were used to determine the LD50 of phosphine on each population. Insects were fumigated for 48 hours and then removed to observe mortality. The LD50 of the reference population was 0.27 × 10-2 µg/L while 0.29-0.54 × 10-2 µg/L for field populations. These findings indicate that S. oryzae populations collected from traditional markets in Yogyakarta were still susceptible to phosphine.
Daily Captured Pattern of Rice Field Rat Using Trap Barrier System Application in Fallow Land
Authors: Saputra Bubun Afif Hidayat Aziz , Sartiami Dewi , Wiyono Suryo , Nurmansyah Ali , Priyambodo Swastiko 
Published: October 2023

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple crop for more than half of the world's population to fulfill required nutrients. The most important pest in rice crops is the field rat (Rattus argentiventer), which causes damage and significant yield losses during almost every growing season. One method of rat control is the Trap Barrier System (TBS) which consists of fences, mass/multiple live traps, and trap crops and was able to continuously catch rats during the growing season. The objectives of this study were to count rat captured in TBS during one planting season in fallow lands, identify attack source, and calculate rat damage intensity. The study was conducted on one hectare of rice field and number of rat caught were observed daily. Results showed that 4,580 rats were caught, consisting of 57% males and 43% females, with 94% adults and 6% juveniles. Average rat damage intensity was 15% and the highest number of rats caught were in trap 8, 9, and 10 which were located on the north side and had many suitable shelters for rats.
Analisis Penerapan Excellent Service Front Office untuk Meningkatkan Kepuasan Pelanggan
Authors: Damayanthy Komang Mira , Susanti Luh Eka 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini berfokus pada penerapan excellent service yang berlandaskan atau berpedoman pada standar operasional prosedur dengan melihat keadaan operasional yang berlangsung dalam periode yang ditentukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan excellent service oleh front office untuk meningkatkan kepuasan dan mengetahui tingkat kepuasan tamu terhadap pelayanan dengan menerapkan excellent service untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif excellent service diterapkan dalam standar operasional prosedur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan membandingkan nilai presentase untuk menentukan selisih dari setiap indikator dalam standar operasional prosedur yang berlaku, sehingga dapat dilakukan penyajian data untuk menarik kesimpulan. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan reduksi data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua karyawan front office di The Wakanda Ubud sudah menerapkan excellent service dalam seluruh operasional yang ada sesuai dengan standar operasional prosedur dengan baik dan benar. Standar operasional prosedur dirancang untuk memudahkan karyawan front office dalam proses operasional sehari-hari dan sebagai dasar dalam memberikan pelayanan.

This research focuses on the implementation of excellent service which is based on or guided by standard operating procedures by looking at the operational conditions that take place within the specified period. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of excellent service by the front office to increase satisfaction and to determine the level of guest satisfaction with service by implementing excellent service to find out how effectively excellent service was applied in standard operating procedures. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by comparing the percentage value to determine the difference between each indicator in the applicable standard operating procedures, so that data presentation can be carried out to draw conclusions. Data collection methods in this study were observation, interviews, documentation, and data reduction using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that all front office employees at The Wakanda Ubud have implemented excellent service in all existing operations in accordance with standard operating procedures properly and correctly. Standard operating procedures are designed to facilitate front office employees in daily operational processes and as a basis for providing services.
Modifikasi Produk Butter Cookies Menggunakan Tepung Kacang Merah
Authors: Kangga Franky Surya , Wirawan Putu Eka 
Published: October 2023

Butter cookies adalah kue kering renyah yang terbuat dari tepung kue, margarin, telur, dan gula bubuk, dimixer hingga berwarna pucat. Lalu, dibentuk dan diletakkan di atas baking tray yang telah dilapisi margarin lalu dioven hingga berwarna cokelat keemasan.Peneliti ingin membuat inovasi baru yaitu membuat butter cookies dengan campuran tepung kacang merah yang dimana kacang merah memiliki berbagai macam manfaat yaitu menyehatkan saluran pencernaan, mencegah kolesterol, menurunkan resiko diabetes, menurunkan berat badan, baik untuk kesehatan jantung, dan menurunkan resiko kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas, umur simpan serta biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam pembuatan produk tersebut. Percobaan ini menggunakan formulasi yang terdiri dari 80% tepung kacang merah dan 20% tepung kue yang akan diujikan kepada 20 orang panelis untuk mengukur dari segi warna, tekstur, rasa, dan aroma. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Dalam 7 hari, butter cookies substitusi tepung kacang merah disimpan pada suhu ruang tidak mengalami perubahan mulai dari segi tekstur, aroma, rasa, dan warna. Biaya yang diperlukan adalah sebesar Rp 42.231,- sedangkan dengan per satu pieces dengan berat 20 gram sebesar Rp 2.000,-

Butter cookies are crispy pastries made from cake flour, margarine, eggs, and powdered sugar, mixed until pale in color. Then, it is shaped and placed on a cake tray covered with margarine and then baked in today's brown color. Researchers want to make a new innovation, namely making butter cakes with a mixture of red bean flour where red beans have various benefits, namely healthy digestive tract, preventing cholesterol, risk diabetes, lose weight, good for health, and reduce risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality, shelf life, and costs incurred in the manufacture of these products. This experiment uses a formulation consisting of 80% red bean flour and 20% cake flour which will be tested on 20 panelists to measure in terms of color, texture, taste, and aroma. Data collection methods used are qualitative data and quantitative data. Within 7 days, butter cookies substituted with red bean flour were stored at room temperature and did not change in terms of texture, aroma, taste, and color. The cost required is Rp. 42,231, - while one piece weighing 20 grams is Rp. 2,000.
Tinjauan Kualitas Permen Berbahan Dasar Kulit Jeruk
Authors: Olivia Ni Putu Mira , Sulasmini Ni Made Ayu 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian eksperimen ini dirancang sebagai sebuah eksperimen inovasi olahan produk pilihan untuk masyarakat terutama petani jeruk yang kebingungan memanfaatkan hasil penennya saat musim panen jeruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk dari segi rasa, warna, tekstur, tampilan, daya tahan atau masa kadaluarsa permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk di suhu ruang dan analisis biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam pembuatan permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan studi pustaka dengan membaca dan mempelajari berbagai buku referensi (artikel, jurnal, dan yang lainnya), observasi mengamati berapa lama daya tahan permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk, dan dokumentasi semua proses penelitian dari persiapan bahan, proses pembuatan permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk dan penyebaran kuisioner uji organoleptic kepada 10 panelis terlatih yang terdiri dari sous chef pastry dan commis pastry Four Seasons Bali Jimbaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk dari segi rasa adalah sangat enak, segi warna sangat menarik, segi tekstur sangat kenyal dan segi tampilan sangat menarik. Daya tahan permen dapat bertahan selama 3 hari di suhu ruang ( 20ºC - 25ºC ), dan hasil perhitungan analisis biaya dalam pembuatan permen berbahan dasar kulit jeruk ini didapatkan hasil bahwa jika dalam satu kemasan pembeli akan mendapatkan 5pcs permen dengan berat 5gr/pcs maka permen akan dijual dengan harga Rp 10.000,-/kemasan.

This experimental research was designed as an experimental innovation of selected products for the community, especially citrus farmers who are confused about how to use their harvest during the citrus harvest season. This study aims to determine the quality of candy made from orange peel in terms of taste, color, texture, appearance, durability or expiration date of candy made from orange peel at room temperature and analyze the costs incurred in making this candy made from orange peel. The method used in this research is to conduct a literature study by reading and studying various reference books (articles, journals, and others), observing how long the shelf life of candies made from orange peel, and documentation of all research processes from material preparation, manufacturing process. candy made from orange peel and the distribution of organoleptic test questionnaires to 10 trained panelists consisting of sous chef pastry and commis pastry Four Seasons Bali Jimbaran. The results of this study indicate that the quality of candy made from orange peel in terms of taste is very good, the color is very attractive, the texture is very chewy and the appearance is very attractive. The durability of the candy can last for 3 days at room temperature (20ºC - 25ºC), and the results of the calculation of the cost analysis in making candy made from orange peel show that if in one package the buyer will get 5 pcs of candy weighing 5gr/pcs, the candy will sold at a price of Rp. 10,000, -/package.