bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice into theory: learning to facilitate new health and social care partnerships in London
Authors: Meads Geoffrey D. , Chesterman Daniel , Goosey David , Whittington Colin 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe contemporary relationship between theory and practice in interprofessional learning and development is explored in the context of the United Kingdom (UK) government's multiple reform policies for ‘modernizing’ health and social care. As part of a 1‐year action research programme, four local case studies in London are described. These illustrate the new collaborations being created and point to the importance of understanding, as a priority for future research and organizational developments in primary care, the changing and complex roles of non‐statutory stakeholder agencies and process facilitation. Both are emerging as critical factors for effective policy implementation. Overall, the London‐wide programme indicates the dysfunctional nature of excessively linear conceptual models, and the need, in practice, to espouse eclectic and dynamic approaches to theories for learning in health and social care.
‘I never realised that doctors were into feelings too’: changing student perceptions through interprofessional education
Authors: Cooke Samantha , Chew‐Graham Carolyn , Boggis Caroline , Wakefield Ann 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe National Health Service (NHS) has called for the ‘eradication of demarcation lines between healthcare professionals’ in the UK. Educational institutions are therefore striving to achieve this outcome through integrative interprofessional initiatives. This article discusses the effects of an integrative training course for medical and nursing students in ‘breaking bad news’ to patients. Triangulation of the qualitative methods enabled the researchers to gather student perspectives on this experience. Data analysis revealed that the 34 student volunteers challenged misconceptions of professional roles through this interprofessional programme. Questionnaires demonstrated that although most students had enrolled on the course to develop communication skills, the interprofessional aspect of the course was one of the main educational benefits. While outcomes were largely positive, some students were anxious about a holistic interprofessional curriculum. Undergraduate healthcare students may need to collaborate earlier, and for longer time‐periods, to enhance professional understanding and relationships.
Developmental differences in the immortalization of lung fibroblasts by telomerase
Authors: Forsyth Nicholas R. , Evans A. Patrice , Shay Jerry W. , Wright Woodring E. 
Published: August 2003

SummaryThe role of ambient (21%) and physiological oxygen (2–5%) in the immortalization of fetal vs. adult human lung fibroblasts was examined. Growth in low oxygen and antioxidants extended the lifespan of both fetal and adult strains. As the ectopic expression of telomerase could immortalize adult lung fibroblasts cultured in ambient oxygen, the lifespan‐shortening effects of 21% oxygen must have been largely limited to telomeres. By contrast, fetal lung fibroblasts could not be immortalized in ambient oxygen in spite of telomere elongation by telomerase, suggesting more widespread oxidative damage. The long‐term culture requirements for the immortalization of WI‐38 fetal lung fibroblasts included supplementation with N‐(tert) butyl hydroxylamine, dexamethasone, zinc and vitamin B12, in addition to growth in physiological oxygen. The mechanisms regulating telomere shortening remain controversial. The present results suggest that both end‐replication and oxidative damage events contribute to telomere shortening in lung fibroblasts in vitro. These observations emphasize the need for better analytical techniques to distinguish whether the correlation of short telomeres with disease and mortality in humans reflects the consequences of increased proliferation, telomere shortening as a result of oxidative damage or some combination of these processes.
Administrative Characteristics of Comprehensive Prenatal Case Management Programs
Authors: Issel L. Michele , Anderson Ruth A. , Kane Debra J. 
Published: August 2003

Abstract  The purpose of this study was to examine comprehensive prenatal case management programs in terms of organizational, program, and process characteristics. Data from 66 program surveys of government agencies were used. Organizational capacity was measured as extent of organizational change and extent of interagency agreements. Program data included age and size of the program, reasons for having case management, and funding diversity. Process data were eight types of interventions.The most highly rated reason for having case management was to improve client outcomes. The greatest organizational change was in the area of the organizational structure, followed by financial status and types of services provided. Contracts with other agencies were rare. Agencies with more interagency contacts reported higher levels of change in the case management department and turnover among mid‐level managers. Older programs had fewer employees. Approximately 49% of client contacts were not billed to Medicaid. Larger programs had significantly less time allocated to emotional support and coaching.Data on organizational characteristics, program, and process variables provide insights into comprehensive case management. Relationships among these variables underscore the importance of studying client outcomes within the context of program and organizational idiosyncrasies. Future studies of comprehensive prenatal case management should focus on cross‐level questions.
Validity and Community‐Health‐Nursing Sensitivity of Six Outcomes for Community Health Nursing with Older Clients
Authors: Head Barbara J. , Maas Meridean , Marion Johnson 
Published: August 2003

Abstract A survey research design was used to assess the importance, sensitivity to nursing interventions, and content validity of six client outcomes from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC)). Outcomes relevant for elderly community residents and caregivers were included in a questionnaire mailed to American Nurses Credentialing Center–certified expert community health nurses. Two hundred thirty‐nine experts rated specific indicators of the six outcomes for their importance in determining the outcomes and the contribution of nursing to their achievement. Outcomes also were rated for their importance for community health nursing clients and responsiveness to community health nursing intervention.Results strongly support the content validity and nursing sensitivity of outcomes and specific indicators. Experts judged all six outcomes to be important and 90% of indicators as important in determining the outcome. All outcomes and 78% of indicators were judged to be responsive to community health nursing intervention.Recommendations include the testing of NOC outcomes in community health nursing clinical practice and inclusion in community health nursing curricula. Areas for further research include development and validation of community‐level outcomes, validation of outcomes with rural and home health nursing experts, and exploration of the community health nursing‐sensitivity of one study outcome.
A Comparison Pilot Study of Public Health Field Nursing Home Visitation Program Interventions for Pregnant Hispanic Adolescents
Authors: Nguyen Jody Duong , Carson Michael L. , Parris Kathleen M. , Place Patricia 
Published: August 2003

Objective:  Improve pregnancy outcomes in first‐time Hispanic adolescent mothers and their infants.Setting:  Urban communities in Orange County, California.Design and Methods:  A comparison of the Nurse‐Family Partnership pilot study home visitation program with traditional Public Health Field Nursing (PHFN) home visitation.Participants:  Two hundred twenty‐five Hispanic adolescent mothers and their infants.Interventions:  Participants in the control group received the traditional PHFN services; the intervention group received interventions from advanced trained public health nurses The control group received a minimum of three home visits: one initial client assessment and family profile, one antepartum visit, and one postpartum visit, including newborn assessment. Participants in the intervention group received weekly home visits for the first 4 weeks, followed by visits every other week until delivery, weekly visits for the next 6 weeks, visits every other week until the child was 20 months, and monthly visits until the child was 24 months of age.Results:  Preliminary results indicate that home visitation by public health nurses (PHNs) positively affected the health of adolescents mothers and their infants. The incidence of premature births to adolescent mothers in the intervention group was lower than that found in the California population of adolescent mothers.Conclusion:  Preliminary results from this program showed that PHN home visitation (control and intervention groups) positively affects the birth outcomes of adolescent mothers and their infants.
The Optical Emission from Gamma-Ray Quasars
Authors: Whiting M. T. , Majewski P. , Webster R. L. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe present photometric observations of six radio-loud quasars that were detected by the COMPTEL gamma-ray telescope. The data encompass seven wavebands in the optical and near infrared. After correction for Galactic extinction, we find a wide range in optical slopes. Two sources are as blue as optically-selected quasars, and are likely to be dominated by the accretion disc emission, while three others show colours consistent with a red synchrotron component. We discuss the properties of the COMPTEL sample of quasars, as well as the implications our observations have for multiwavelength modelling of gamma-ray quasars.
Orbit of Comet C/1850 Q1 (Bond)
Authors: Branham Richard L. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractComet C/1850 Q1 (Bond) is one of a number of comets catalogued with parabolic orbits. Given that there are sufficient observations, 104 in right ascension and 103 in declination, it proves possible to calculate a better orbit. Some of the difficulties of working with 19th century observations, which show considerable scatter, are discussed. Rectangular coordinates, both of the comet and the Sun, are interpolated by a recursive version of Aitken's method, rendering unnecessary the need to specify an order for the interpolation. Comet Bond's orbit is slightly hyperbolic.
Photometry of R Coronae Borealis Stars during the Recovery Phase of their Declines
Authors: Skuljan Lj. , Cottrell P. L. , Gilmore A. C. , Kilmartin P. M. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe photometric observations (UBVRI) of nine cool R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars have been collected at Mt John University Observatory, New Zealand, over a period of twelve years. The analysis of the magnitude–colour and colour–colour diagrams for the recovery phase demonstrates that all declines exhibit a similar asymptotic approach to their normal brightness. Declines return to maximum brightness along a line with essentially the same slope that does not depend on the star or the depth of the decline. Assuming a uniform obscuration of the photosphere by the dust cloud during the recovery phase, the extinction properties of the material were determined. The ratio of total to selective extinction (RV) for the RCB stars in our sample is in the range 2.5 to 4.6, indicating that the obscuring dust has extinction properties similar to that of the interstellar dust. Observations have been compared with the theoretical extinction curves for different sorts of grains.
Optical and UV Spectral Diagnostics for GPS and CSS Sources
Authors: Dopita Michael A. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractIn this paper I examine the use of optical and UV spectral diagnostic ratios to distinguish between gas which is locally shock-excited by the interaction with a jet and that which is photoionised by the central engine. In many cases key UV lines remain unobserved except in the case of high redshift radio galaxies. However, in one case, the nearby GPS galaxy NGC1052, UV data was obtained with the FOS. This object shows LINER characteristics at optical wavelengths, but has a rich coronal-line spectrum in the UV. We conclude that jet-driven shocks tend to evolve from shock-excited to photoionised later in their evolution.
HST/STIS Spectroscopy of CSS Sources: Kinematics and Ionisation of the Aligned Nebulae
Authors: Labiano A. , O'Dea C. P. , Gelderman R. , Vries W. H. de , Axon D. J. , Barthel P. D. , Baum S. A. , Capetti A. , Fanti R. , Koekemoer A. M. , Morganti R. , Tadhunter C. N. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe have obtained long slit spectra of 3C 67 and 3C 277.1 with the HST/STIS spectrograph. We present our preliminary results on the diagnostic emission line ratios along the radio source axes in 3C 67 and 3C 277.1.
New Metallicity Calibration Down to [Fe/H] = −2.75 dex
Authors: Karaali S. , Bilir S. , Karataş Y. , Ak S. G. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe have taken 88 dwarfs, covering the colour-index interval 0.37 ≤ (B–V)0 ≤ 1.07 mag, with metallicities –2.70 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ +0.26 dex, from three different sources for new metallicity calibration. The catalogue of Cayrel de Stroble et al. (2001), which includes 65% of the stars in our sample, supplies detailed information on abundances for stars with determination based on high-resolution spectroscopy. In constructing the new calibration we have used as ‘corner stones’ 77 stars which supply at least one of the following conditions: (i) the parallax is larger than 10 mas (distance relative to the Sun less than 100 pc) and the galactic latitude is absolutely higher than 30°; (ii) the parallax is rather large, if the galactic latitude is absolutely low and vice versa. Contrary to previous investigations, a third-degree polynomial is fitted for the new calibration: [Fe/H] = 0.10 – 2.76δ – 24.04δ2 + 30.00δ3. The coefficients were evaluated by the least-squares method, without regard to the metallicity of Hyades. However, the constant term is in the range of metallicity determined for this cluster, i.e. 0.08 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 0.11 dex. The mean deviation and the mean error in our work are equal to those of Carney (1979), for [Fe/H] ≥ –1.75 dex where Carney's calibration is valid.
The Extraordinary Radio Galaxy MRC B1221–423
Authors: Safouris V. , Hunstead R. W. , Prouton O. R. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractMRC B1221–423 is a compact steep spectrum (CSS) radio source in the core of a remarkable elliptical galaxy. We examine its environment with long-slit spectra and multicolour images. A high-resolution synthesis image shows the radio source to have a 1″.5 (5.7 kpc) double structure. We use the empirical relationship between jet kinetic power and narrow line luminosity to infer a source age of ˜105 yr. The z = 0.1706 host galaxy is clearly disturbed, with tidal features and shells providing plausible evidence for a merger with one or more close companions. This evidence leads us to conclude that B1221–423 may be the progenitor of a much larger source, caught at an early stage in its radio evolution. We speculate that it is the interaction and accompanying events which have triggered this young powerful radio source.
Properties of Radio Source Host Galaxies
Authors: Vries Wim de 
Published: August 2003

AbstractA brief overview of the current radio source host galaxy state of affairs is given. All the evidence appears to point towards a scenario in which the young radio source expands through the host galaxy on timescales of 105–106 yr, before it ends its life as a large scale FR II radio galaxy. The place and role of the quasars in this evolutionary picture is unclear, however, and remains an issue of debate.
Polarimetry of GPS and CSS Sources
Authors: Cotton W. D. , Dallacasa D. , Fanti C. , Fanti R. , Foley A. R. , Schilizzi R. T. , Spencer R. , Saikia D. J. , Garrington S. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThe role of radio polarimetry in the understanding of GPS and CSS sources is explored. After an initial discussion of what can be learned from polarimetry, the expectations of a simple evolutionary sequence of GPS/CSO to CSS to FR I/FR II sources are explored. Observational results are then compared with the expectations. Conclusions include: the GPS category is likely not a single homogeneous class of objects; Faraday depth effects are very strong inside the inner 3 kpc of CSS and CSO sources; in at least 3C 138 the Faraday screen has very fine scale (subparsec) structure; and there is evidence for increased ionisation near bends in some CSS jets probably due to jet–ISM interaction. New results on 3C 138, 3C 43, and 3C 454 are given.
1245+676 — A CSO/GPS Source being an Extreme Case of a Double-Double Structure
Authors: Marecki Andrzej , Barthel Peter D. , Polatidis Antonis , Owsianik Izabela 
Published: August 2003

AbstractAGN with the so-called 'double-double' radio structure have been interpreted as restarted AGN where the inner structure is a manifestation of a new phase of activity which happened to begin before the outer radio lobes resulting from the previous one had faded completely. The radio galaxy 1245+676 is an extreme example of such a double-double object — its outer structure, measuring 970 h−1 kpc, is five orders of magnitude larger than the 9.6 h−1 pc inner one. We present a series of VLBI observations of the core of 1245+676 which appears to be a compact symmetric object (CSO). We have detected the motion of the CSOs lobes, measured its velocity, and inferred the kinematic age of that structure.
Spectral Ages of CSOs and CSS Sources
Authors: Murgia Matteo 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis paper deals with the spectral ageing study of a representative sample of compact symmetric objects (CSOs) and compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources. Observations reveal a distinctive high-frequency steepening of the radio spectra of many of these sources. The existence of such a spectral feature is expected or may be naturally interpreted in terms of radiative ageing of synchrotron emitting electrons. The small angular size of CSS sources makes it relatively easy to measure their integrated spectra over a wide frequency range for a conspicuous number of objects. For those sources whose emission is dominated by the mini-lobes, the integrated spectra can be used to constrain the source age. Assuming equipartition magnetic fields, the spectral ages we found are in the range from 102 to 105 yr. Multifrequency VLBA observations allow us to study the spectral properties of two CSOs: B1323+321 and B1943+546. The case of B1943+546 is particularly interesting since for this source a kinematic age has been derived from the proper motion of the hot spots. We found that spectral and kinematic ages agree within a factor of 2. The overall results presented here confirm that the CSOs and CSS sources are indeed young objects. Finally, we show some examples of compact sources characterised by an extraordinary steep and curved spectrum. It is plausible that these are relic sources in which the injection of fresh electrons has ceased for a significant fraction of their lifetime. These observations may indicate either the presence of intermittent activity or a class of short-living objects.Throughout this paper we adopt H0 = 100 h km s−1 Mpc−1 and q0 = 0.5.
Search for CSS and GPS Candidates from the Peacock and Wall Catalogue
Authors: Rossetti A. , Mantovani F. , Fanti C. , Fanti R. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractSamples of CSS/GPS sources suitable for statistical studies have been selected from the 3CR catalogue and from the Peacock & Wall catalogue. The selection criterion used for the Peacock & Wall catalogue CSS/GPS sources selects sources which peak below about 2 GHz and are therefore larger than ˜200 pc. Our main aim is to find among the flat spectrum sources in the Peacock & Wall catalogue smaller size CSS/GPS sources by means of systematic high resolution observations. The discovery of a few more would be important in order to finally have a complete flux limited sample of this class of objects. We discuss the results obtained so far for three of the observed sources.
The Shroud around the ‘Compact, Symmetric’ Radio Jets in NGC 1052
Authors: Vermeulen R. C. , Ros E. , Kellermann K. I. , Cohen M. H. , Zensus J. A. , van Langevelde H. J. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractThis is a paper on young jet material in a frustratingly complex environment.NGC 1052 has a compact, flat or GHz peaked spectrum radio nucleus consisting of bi-symmetric jets, oriented close to the plane of the sky. Many features on both sides move away at υapp ˜0.26 c (H0 = 65 km s−1 Mpc−1). VLBI at seven frequencies shows a wide range of spectral shapes and brightness temperatures; there is clearly free–free absorption, probably together with synchrotron self-absorption, on both sides of the core. The absorbing structure is likely to be geometrically thick and oriented roughly orthogonal to the jets, but it is patchy.HI VLBI shows atomic gas in front of the approaching as well as the receding jet. There appear to be three velocity systems, at least two of which are local to the AGN environment. The ‘high velocity system’, 125–200 km s−1 redward of systemic, seems restricted to a shell 1–2 pc away from the core. Closer to the centre, this gas might be largely ionised; it could cause the free–free absorption.WSRT spectroscopy shows 1667 and 1665 MHz OH absorption over a wide velocity range. OH and HI profile similarity suggests co-location of molecular and atomic ‘high velocity’ gas; the connection to H2O masing gas is unclear. Further, at ‘high velocity’ we detected the OH 1612 MHz satellite line in absorption and the 1720 MHz line in emission, with complementary strengths.
Extreme Emission Line Outflows in the GPS Source 4C 12.50 (PKS 1345+12)
Authors: Holt J. , Tadhunter C. N. , Morganti R. 
Published: August 2003

AbstractWe present high resolution spectra (0.7 Å/pix) of the GPS source 4C 12.50 with large spectral coverage (˜4500 Å) taken with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope, La Palma. The slit was aligned along PA 160° to include the nucleus and emission line region to the NW. An asymmetric halo extending 20 kpc NW and 12 kpc SE from the nucleus is clearly seen. At the position of the nucleus we observe unusually broad forbidden emission line components (broadest component: FWHM ˜ 2000 km s−1), blue shifted by up to 2000 km s−1 with respect to the halo of the galaxy and HI absorption. We interpret this as material in outflow. We measure E(B–V) = 1.44 for the broadest, most kinematically disturbed component, corresponding to an actual Hβ flux 130 times brighter than that measured. We calculate an upper limit for the mass of the line emitting gas of order 106 M⊙ for both the intermediate and broad components. Our results are consistent with 4C 12.50 being a young radio source.