bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Study on Calcifying Nanoparticles in Dental Plaque: Isolation, Characterization, and Potential Mineralization Mechanism
Authors: Wang Siwei , Yang Lan , Bai Guohui , Gu Yu , Fan Qin , Guan Xiaoyan , Yuan Jie , Liu Jianguo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the etiology of periodontal disease.Methods Supragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Results The subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.Conclusion CNPs were found in periodontitis-related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.
Selective RNAi-silencing of Schwann cell Piezo1 alleviates mechanical hypersensitization following peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Itson-Zoske Brandon , Gani Uarda , Mikesell Alexander , Qiu Chengsheng , Fan Fan , Stucky Cheryl , Hogan Quinn , Shin Seung Min , Yu Hongwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We previously reported functional Piezo1 expression in Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system. This study is designed to further investigate the role of Schwann cell Piezo1 in peripheral nociception. We first developed an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector that has primary Schwann cell tropism after delivery into the sciatic nerve. This was achieved by packing AAV-GFP transcribed by a hybrid CMV enhancer/chicken β-actin (CBA) promoter using a capsid AAVolig001 to generate AAVolig001-CBA-GFP. Five weeks after intrasciatic injection of AAVolig001-CBA-GFP in naïve rats, GFP expression was detected selectively in the Schwann cells of the sciatic nerve. A short hairpin RNA against rat Piezo1 (PZ1shRNA) was designed that showed efficient physical and functional knockdown of Piezo1 in NG108 neuronal cells. A dual promoter and bidirectional AAV encoding a U6-driven PZ1shRNA and CBA-transcribed GFP was packed with capsid olig001 (AAVolig001-PZ1shRNA), and AAV was injected into unilateral sciatic nerve immediately after induction of common peroneal nerve injury (CPNI). Results showed that the development of mechanical hypersensitivity in the CPNI rats injected with AAVolig001-PZ1shRNA was mitigated, compared to rats subjected with AAVolig001-scramble. Selective in vivo Schwann cell transduction and functional block of Piezo1 channel activity of primary cultured Schwann cells was confirmed. Together, our data demonstrate that 1) AAVolig001 has unique and selective primary tropism to Schwann cells via intrasciatic delivery and 2) Schwann cell Piezo1 contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity following nerve injury.
In-Silico and In-Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Diabetic Activity of Gmelinol
Authors: Patel Virani Anilkumar , Tirgar Pravin R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The present study was investigated the anti-diabetic activity of Gmelinol using the in-silico molecular docking and in-vitro study.
Methods
In-silico study was performed using TriposSybyl-X 2.0 (TriposInc, St Louis, MO, USA) software and the evaluation was conducted based on the total score and visualization. In-vitro study was performed using the α-amylase inhibitory assay and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay and measured the percentage inhibition of the enzyme. The glucose uptake assay was also performed using L6 myoblast cell and measured the glucose utilization.
Results
Molecular docking studies demonstrated that Gmelinol was able to bind the active sites of proteins and the total score of Gmelinol with α-amylase and α-glucosidase were found 6.33 and 5.04 respectively. Gmelinol showed significant α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 = 45.92 µg/mL on α-amylase and IC50 = 49.25 µg/mL on α-glucosidase) compare with Acarbose (IC50 = 70.63 µg/mL α-amylase and IC50 = 64.82 µg/mL on α-glucosidase). Gmelinol showed significant glucose utilization activities in the L6 myoblast cell.
Conclusion
Gmelinol has shown anti-diabetic activity in terms of reducing the hyperglycaemia through the increased glucose utilization and inhibition of enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism namely α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
Increasing the proportion of flower strips promotes natural enemies to enhance aphid biocontrol and wheat yields
Authors: Liang Xiaoyi , Ouyang Fang , Zhang Xingrui , Yuan Yiyang , Li Zhuo , Ge Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sowing flower strips adjacent to cropsis an effective practice for promoting natural enemies, enhancing biological pest control servicesand conserving biodiversity. However, few studies have considered the relationships of the proportion of flower strips with pest control servicesand crop yield. We conducted a three-year field experiment (including a control: 0% and three treatments: 5%, 10% and 15%) to determine the biocontrol service potential of sowing strips of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss flowers adjacent to wheat and to reveal the relationships of the proportion of flower strips with pests, natural enemies, biological pest control services and wheat yield. Compared with the control (0%), flower strips promoted suppression of wheat aphid abundance by ladybugs and parasitoids. With an increasing proportion of flower strips, the predatory ladybug abundance and parasitism rates increased, while aphid abundance decreased. The relative biocontrol services index (RBSI) in the control (0%) was significantly lower than those in the treatments (5%, 10% and 15%). The wheat yield in the control (0%) was significantly lower than those in the treatments (5%, 10% and 15%). With an increasing proportion of flower strips, the RBSI and yield increased. In conclusion, sowing strips of C. monnieri flowers adjacent to wheat is a promising measure for providing considerable biocontrol services and increasing wheat yields. Specifically, natural enemies, biocontrol service potential and wheat yield were enhanced with an increasing proportion of flower strips. A 10% or 15% installment of flower strips is suggested to provide substantial biocontrol services and sustain wheat yields.
Comparison of the response to neoadjuvant therapy between immunohistochemistry HER2 (3+) and HER2 (2+)/ISH-positive early- stage breast cancer: A retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Jiao Dechuang , Li Guangyu , Dai Hao , Wang Jia , Zhang Jiao , Hou Yangyang , Guo Xuhui , Zhao Yajie , Gong Xilong , Liu Zhenzhen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) criteria, both immunohistochemical HER2(3+) and HER2(2+)/in situ hybridization (ISH) amplified [HER2(2+)/ISH+] breast cancer(BC)s fall under the HER2-positive BC category.However,there is a lack of studies exploring the difference of neoadjuvant therapeutic response between patients with HER2(3+) and HER2(2+)/ISH+ early BC.We aimed to evaluate the neoadjuvant therapeutic response, long-term outcome, and intrinsic subtype heterogeneity between HER2(3+) and HER2(2+)/ISH+ BC.
Methods We examined two distinct cohorts. Cohort one (C1) encompassed 2648 patients with HER2-positive early BC diagnoses, and they received neoadjuvant therapy(NT) and surgery between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2022, from the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Breast Cancer Data Base (SJTU-BCDB). Cohort 2 (C2) comprised 135 patients with early-stage HER2-positive BC who underwent NT and surgery at Henan Cancer Hospital from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022. These patients had available genomic and transcriptomic data at their disposal. C1 and C2 were further categorized into 2 patient cohorts as follows: (1) patients with IHC HER2(3+) early BC [HER2(3+) group], (2) patients with HER2(2+)/ISH+ early BC [HER2(2+)/ISH+ group]. Among those excluded from analysis were patients <18 years or >80 years of age. Clinicopathological parameters,long-term outcomes and intrinsic subtypes were analyzed.
Results In the C1 population, 83.7% had HER2(3+) BC, while 16.3% had HER2(2+)/ISH+ BC. HER2(3+) patients had a significantly higher PCR rate (38.9%) than HER2(2+)/ISH+ patients (18.1%) (P<0.001) ,but the DFS was comparable after a median follow-up of 29 months(P=0.556). The addition of trastuzumab or trastuzumab plus pertuzumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) improved PCR rates and DFS in HER2(3+) BC but not in HER2(2+)/ISH+ BC. In the C2 population, 97.75% HER2(3+) and 52.17% HER2(2+)/ISH+ were HER2 enriched(HER2E) subtype (P<0.001). HER2E showed increased PCR rates compared to non-HER2E (P=0.004).
Conclusions Compared to HER2(3+) BC, the limited effectiveness of neoadjuvant trastuzumab and pertuzumab therapy for HER2(2+)/ISH+ BC is due to subtype heterogeneity. Reassessment of targeted therapy efficacy in HER2 (2+)/ISH+ BC patients is essential.
Spherical orbits around Kerr-Newman and regular black holes
Authors: Andaru Langga , Alam Agya , Jayawiguna Byon , Ramadhan Handhika 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We conduct a complete study on spherical orbits around charged (Kerr-Newman) and nonsingular (Ghosh) black holes. Using the Mino formalism, the analytical solutions for the geodesics can be obtained. We found that the Kerr-Newman's charge tends to force the orbits to be more equatorial, both for photon as well as for massive particles. Specifically for spherical photon orbits, the black hole's charge enables some of the orbits to switch from retrograde to prograde. For both models, we found that the stable spherical photon orbits exist only inside the horizons, much like the case for Kerr. For the regular black hole, however, the naked condition can exist without any physical problem. Thus, this condition, we dubbed the naked regularity, enables the existence of stable spherical orbits. We investigate these orbits, both null and timelike, and analyze their behavior.
Evidence to practice – lessons learnt in developing an implementation strategy for an online digital health intervention (Eczema Care Online)
Authors: Howells Laura , Thomas Kim S , Santer Miriam , Muller Ingrid , Greenwell Kate , Roberts Amanda , Williams Hywel C , Harvey Jane , Lax Stephanie J , Rogers Natasha K , Sach Tracey H , Lawton Sandra , Steele Mary , Sivyer Katy , Hooper Julie , Ahmed Amina , Wilczynska Sylvia , Langan Sinead , Leighton Paul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background – Research is not often readily taken up in healthcare, which results in research waste. Eczema Care Online (www.EczemaCareOnline.org.uk/) has been shown in randomised controlled trials to be an effective online self-management intervention to improve eczema outcomes. Implementation requires adoption at patient/family, clinician and organisational levels. This paper aims to describe the lessons learnt from developing and delivering an implementation strategy for an online digital health intervention for eczema self-management.
Methods – Data from systematic reviews, stakeholder consultation meetings, interviews with trial participants, intervention usage data during the trial, and existing eczema information websites informed our implementation plan. Using Normalisation Process Theory, an implementation plan combined these findings with practical, context-specific actions to encourage wider adoption of the intervention.
Results – Barriers and facilitators to implementation were identified. Key lessons learnt include 1) start implementation work early 2) maintain flexibility to explore multiple routes to implementation 3) use secondary data sources 4) balance theory with practicalities 5) consider longer-term maintenance beyond the life of the research project.
Conclusion – Implementation planning is a key stage of the research process that is often not adequately resourced. Implementation planning ensures effective interventions developed and evaluated in research studies are utilised in everyday practice.
WITHDRAWN: Exploring Pathogenesis and Biomarkers Through Establishment of a Rat Model of Male Infertility with Liver Depression and Kidney Deficiency
Authors: Shen Ying , Fan Jian , Liu Shaobo , Tao Ling , Yang Qingbo , Shen Xiangchun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To establish a rat model that accurately replicates the clinical characteristics of Liver Depression and Kidney Deficiency (LD & KD) in male infertility (MI) and investigate the pathogenesis.
Methods
After subjecting the rats to chronic restraint stress (CRS) and adenine treatment, a series of tests were conducted, including ethological assessments, evaluations of reproductive characteristics, measurements of biochemical parameters, histopathological examinations, and analyses of urinary metabolites.
Results
Compared to the control, the model exhibited significant manifestations of LD & KD in MI, including reduced responsiveness, diminished frequency of capturing estrous female rats, and absence of mounting behavior. Additionally, the kidney coefficient increased markedly, while the coefficients of the testis and epididymis decreased significantly. Sperm counts and viabilities decreased notably, accompanied by an increase in sperm abnormalities. Dysregulation of reproductive hormone levels in the serum was observed, accompanied by an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines expressions in the liver and kidney, as well as exacerbated oxidative stress in the penile corpus cavernosum and testis. The seminiferous tubules in the testis exhibited a loose arrangement, loss of germ cells, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, utilizing urinary metabolomics and bioinformatics analysis, 5 key biomarkers and 2 crucial targets most closely linked to MI were revealed.
Conclusion
The study successfully established a clinically relevant animal model of LD & KD in MI. It elucidates the pathogenesis of the condition, identifies key biomarkers and targets, and provides a robust scientific foundation for the prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of LD & KD in MI.
Analysis of Psychiatric Adverse Events for Semaglutide, Liraglutide, and Tirzepatide Reported to the EudraVigilance Database
Authors: Tobaiqy Mansour , Elkout Hajer 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Weight reduction is essential for improving health in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists that are effective for weight management in conjunction with behavioral changes.
Aim
To identify and analyse the occurrence and the outcome of psychiatric adverse events associated with semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide.
Methods
All individual case safety reports (ICSR) for semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide reported to the EudraVigilance database from 01/01/2021 to 5/30/2023 were analysed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population characteristics. Differences in proportions between the groups were compared using the chi-square test.
Results
During the study period, 31,444 adverse events reports were identified: semaglutide (n = 13,956, 44.4%), liraglutide (n = 16,748, 53.2%), and tirzepatide (n = 740, 2.3%). There were 372 reports with psychiatric adverse events reports (n = 372, 1.18%) with a total of 481 adverse events. Women accounted for 65% (n = 242) of these reports. Depression was the most commonly reported adverse event (n = 187, 50.3%), followed by anxiety (n = 144, 38.7%) and suicide ideation (n = 73, 19.6%). Nine deaths (8 with liraglutide and 1 with semaglutide), and 11 life-threatening outcomes (4 associated with liraglutide and 7 with semaglutide) were reported. The fatal outcomes occurred primarily among men (8 out of 9), resulting from completed suicidal attempts and depression.
Conclusion
Psychiatric adverse events comprised only 1.2% of the total reports for semaglutide, liraglutide, and tirzepatide; however, the severity and fatal outcomes of some of these reports warrant further study.
The effects of higher or lower protein delivery on outcomes for mechanically ventilated critically ill patients:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yang Penglei , Yu Lina , Yuan Jun , Gu Xue , Yuan Zhou , Chen Lianxin , Zhang Xiaoli , Chen Qihong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Pronounced variations in protein dosing recommendations are evident across sets of international guidelines for critically ill patients. To survey extant randomized controlled trial (RCT) data, the present article was formulated as a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the effects of lower and higher levels of protein delivery on outcomes for mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.
Methods
The PubMed, Embase, Web of SCI, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for all relevant RCTs published as of May 16, 2023. Eligible RCTs were those that (1) enrolled critically ill individuals ≥ 18 years of age that were mechanically ventilated; (2) enrolled patients with an intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay ≥ 3 days; (3) included comparisons of protein doses; (4) reported similar energy intake levels among groups; and (5) included a discussion of clinical and/or patient-centered outcomes. Screening and quality analyses were independently performed by two investigators. Pooled risk ratios and mean difference values were then estimated for categorical and continuous variables random-effects meta-analyses.
Results
In total, 12 RCTs enrolled 2286 patients were included in these analyses. All 12 studies reported on mechanical ventilation duration and mortality. Overall mortality (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.72–1.12, P = 0.33; I2 = 26%), the duration of mechanical ventilation (MD 0, 95%CI -0.58-0.58, P = 0.99; I2 = 0%), and other patient-centered outcomes were unaffected by the level of protein delivery. Subgroup analyses, however, suggested that higher levels of protein delivery with early exercise were associated with a reduced risk of in-ICU mortality (RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42–0.94, P = 0.02; I2 = 0%).
Conclusion
These results suggest that higher levels of protein delivery have no significant impact on the clinical or patient-centered outcomes for mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. However, combining higher levels of protein delivery and early exercise may contribute to better patient outcomes, although additional RCTs will be necessary to confirm this possibility.
PROSPERO registration:CRD42023423246(16/05/2023)
Can sarcopenia predict poor prognosis of sepsis due to biliary sepsis?
Authors: Chun Soh Yeon , Cho Young Soon , Kim Han Bit 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aim of the study:
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and the prognosis of patients with biliary sepsis, focusing on outcomes such as length of hospital stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and in-hospital mortality.
Methods
This retrospective, single-center, observational study included adult patients with biliary sepsis who visited the emergency department between January 2016 and December 2021. Sarcopenia was assessed using the psoas muscle index (PMI). Using computed tomography imaging, the area of both sides of the psoas muscle at the L3 level was measured, and the PMI, corrected by the patient’s height was calculated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, LOS, and 14-day mortality.
Results
A total of 745 patients were included in this study. Sarcopenia was defined as a PMI < 421 mm2/m2 for males and < 268 mm2/m2 for females with the lower quartile of PMI according to sex. The cohort was classified into sarcopenic (n = 189) and non-sarcopenic (n = 556) groups. There was a significant association between sarcopenia and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 3.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–13.47), while there was no significant association between sarcopenia and ICU admission. In addition, the median LOS in the sarcopenic group (10 [7–14] days) was significantly longer than the median (8 [6–11] days) in the non-sarcopenic group.
Conclusions
Sarcopenia was significantly associated with clinical outcomes, particularly in-hospital mortality and LOS, in patients with biliary sepsis.
Risk factor analysis for early development of calf muscular vein thrombosis after thoracic surgery:a prospective observational study
Authors: Xu Haitao , Miao Jing , She Tianyu , Liu Shuai , Jia Teng , Liu Jianwei , Ren Shuai , Zhang Qingguang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Venous thromboembolism is a common complication after thoracic surgery. The early development of calf muscular vein thrombosis (CMVT) after thoracic surgery is not well understood. The purpose of our study was to find the incidence and risk factors of early CMVT after thoracic surgery.
Methods: We performed a prospective observational study in patients who received thoracic surgery from December 2021 to January 2023. The patients were assigned to either the CMVT or non-CMVT group based on their early postoperative lower extremity venous Doppler ultrasound results. The clinical characteristics of CMVT patients and non-CMVT patients would be compared and analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors associated with CMVT development. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was also calculated.
Results: A total of 745 patients were included in the final analysis, with 185 (24.8%) and 560 (75.2%) patients in the CMVT and non-CMVT groups, respectively. In the CMVT group, 7 (3.8%) and 87 (47.1%) patients had concurrent proximal deep vein thrombosis and bilateral lower extremity thrombosis, respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.092, 95% CI = 1.064–1.120, P = 0.000), Caprini score (moderate and high risks) (OR = 2.029, 95% CI = 1.276–3.227, P= 0.003), non-anticoagulation (OR = 1.859, 95% CI = 1.147–3.013, P = 0.012), operative duration >135 minutes (OR = 1.697, 95% CI = 1.135–2.538, P= 0.010), and postoperative day 1 D-dimer level (OR = 1.342, 95% CI = 1.232–1.462, P = 0.000) were independent risk factors for early postoperative CMVT. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for age and postoperative day 1 D-dimer were 0.715 (cut off value of 58.5) and 0.781 (cut off value of 1.445), respectively.
Conclusions: The incidence of early CMVT after thoracic surgery was 24.8%. Nearly half of the CMVT patients had bilateral involvement. The risk of early CMVT was reduced after perioperative anticoagulation prophylaxis. In addition, older age, moderate and high Caprini risk score, operative time >135 minutes, and high postoperative day 1 D-dimer level were independent risk factors for the early development of CMVT after thoracic surgery.