bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of Transcendental Nonsense
Authors: Devaney James Gerard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper offers a fresh look at the law of state succession. It argues that this important area of international law is plagued by two ‘transcendental’ concepts which lie at its heart, namely continuity/identity (‘c/i’) and automatic succession. These are concepts which cannot be assessed against any verifiable reality. The paper shows that these concepts disguise determinations relating to state succession that are in fact made on other grounds. As a result the law fails to perform its most basic function: to guide action. Accordingly, the paper argues for of a functional reframing of the law. This involves the replacement of c/i and automatic succession with concepts which can be assessed against verifiable realities, namely recognition and consent. Once such functional reframing has taken place, we can being to have a meaningful debate about the role of international law in regulating the ever-changing configuration of the international community of states.
Sacrificing the Feminine to Fit In and Embracing the Feminine to Stand Out
Authors: Bonnes Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using in-depth interviews with 50 U.S. servicewomen, this study explores how institutional values, peer surveillance, and social control in the form of harassment function to devalue and regulate femininity in the military space. In a context that takes an essentialist view of gender that conflates femininity with weakness and assumes the ideal servicemember is masculine, many servicewomen respond by sacrificing femininity to avoid workplace harassment and to try to fit in. Women not only suppress feminine identity markers but also engage in defensive othering and posturing against other servicemembers perceived as more feminine to distance themselves further from femininity, reinforcing the gender binary. Further, this study uses interviews with women who served on Female Engagement Teams (fet) and Lioness Teams to highlight additional organizational meanings around femininity. While these programs were framed by the military as humanitarian in nature, fet and Lioness team members used essentialist views of gender to claim their femininity made them superior at intelligence-gathering, counterinsurgency, and combat missions. While this enables them to contest the masculine ideal of a servicemember, it ultimately leaves the gender binary intact. Overall, the military’s adherence to gender essentialism, coupled with a femmephobic environment, functions to regulate femininity in ways that uphold both the gender binary and a hierarchy that privileges masculinity over femininity.
Variations in the Writing System and Style of the Modern Judaeo-Arabic of Libya
Authors: Yoda Sumikazu 
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the variations in the writing system and style of Modern Judaeo-Arabic from Libya (JAL), focusing on materials primarily from the 20th century. The study investigates the linguistic features and orthographic choices in JAL texts written in Hebrew script, emphasizing their stylistic and phonological diversity. The analysis highlights two main areas: the variability in orthographic representation, particularly the use of the Hebrew letter gimel to denote different sounds (e.g., ž, ġ, g), and the multiglossic nature of the language, where both literary and dialectal forms coexist.
The research reveals that JAL lacks a standardized orthography, with considerable variation in the representation of sounds and grammatical features across texts. This variability reflects influences from Classical Arabic (CA), spoken Libyan Arabic, and even elements of Tunisian Arabic. For instance, literary texts employ formal CA structures and vocabulary, while dialectal words and phrases persist in informal contexts. Despite efforts to maintain stylistic consistency, even highly literary texts often contain dialectal features, highlighting the fluidity of linguistic registers in JAL.
The chapter concludes that the diversity in writing systems and styles stems from a combination of local linguistic practices, historical publishing constraints, and cultural influences from neighboring regions like Tunisia. Further research is recommended to deepen understanding of JAL’s grammatical and lexical characteristics, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive analysis of its unique linguistic identity within the broader Judaeo-Arabic tradition.
Koineisation and Language Contact in Syrian Ṭuroyo
Authors: Herin Bruno 
Published: January 2025

This chapter investigates koineisation and language contact in Syrian Ṭuroyo, a Central Neo-Aramaic language spoken around Qamishli, Syria. Originally confined to the Ṭūr ʿAbdīn region in Turkey, Ṭuroyo’s linguistic ecology shifted following migrations triggered by the 1915 Sayfo genocide and the establishment of the French Mandate. These migrations led to a trilingual environment (Ṭuroyo–Arabic–Kurdish) in Syria, altering the language’s dynamics. Drawing on novel data collected in Northern Syria and Belgium, this study examines two key phenomena: the emergence of koineised varieties and the impact of contact with Arabic.
Koineisation in Syrian Ṭuroyo is characterised by morphological simplifications, the loss of gender distinctions in the second person singular, and the emergence of innovative paradigms. Levelling and hybridisation of grammatical structures, particularly the verbal predicate, are highlighted. The study identifies the integration of Arabic lexical and grammatical items through matter replication, such as borrowed nouns and adjectives with preserved Arabic inflections, and pattern replication, including the adoption of Arabic-like argument structures and clause-combining strategies. While Ṭuroyo maintains a distinct relativisation strategy, the influence of Arabic is evident in discourse markers, inchoative constructions, and semantic patterns.
The chapter concludes that, although Ṭuroyo shows significant convergence with Arabic, full assimilation has not occurred. Sociolinguistic changes since 2011, due to the mass migration of Syriac speakers to Europe, suggest the need for future research to evaluate the ongoing evolution of this linguistic ecosystem. The findings contribute to broader discussions on language contact and koineisation in minority languages.
Soul Inspiration from Wadi el Natrun
Authors: Feodorov Ioana 
Published: January 2025

This chapter examines the multifaceted symbolism and spiritual significance of ostrich eggs across cultural, religious, and historical contexts, particularly within the Christian Orthodox tradition. The ostrich egg, a recurring motif in Mediterranean religious and artistic heritage, embodies themes of vigilance, prayer, and spiritual focus. The study highlights its biological, cultural, and symbolic aspects, including its essential role in the life cycle of ostriches, its practical and ceremonial uses, and its integration into religious iconography and architecture.
In the Christian tradition, ostrich eggs have been suspended in churches as visual reminders of the vigilance required in prayer, drawing parallels with the ostrich’s attentive incubation practices. The text delves into Arabic Christian manuscripts, Ethiopian church traditions, and medieval European arts to trace the egg's enduring spiritual metaphor. By exploring sources like the Arabic Physiologus and ecclesiastical texts by figures like Ibn Sabāʿ and Macarius III, the chapter reveals how ostrich eggs conveyed theological teachings about unwavering focus in worship.
Feodorov’s analysis extends to the artistic use of ostrich eggs in medieval reliquaries and their allegorical interpretations in Christian and Islamic traditions, emphasizing their role as symbols of life, resurrection, and spiritual vigilance. The chapter concludes by noting the diminishing awareness of this symbolism in modern times, urging a reevaluation of the ostrich egg’s spiritual and cultural heritage.
The last journey, coming home before dying for migrant cancer patients: A case series
Authors: Zambelli Luca , Gigliotti Alberto , Bianchessi Clara , Liguori Simeone , Defendi Sergio 
Published: January 2025

Background: Global migration has led to an increasing number of migrant patients receiving cancer diagnoses in foreign countries. These individuals often experience worse outcomes due to advanced disease at diagnosis and limited access to specialized care. When palliative care becomes the primary option, many express a wish to return to their home country for End-of-Life care. However, no guidelines or care pathways currently address this sensitive issue. Case presentation: This case series describes three migrant patients who wished to return to their home countries for End-of-Life care. The first case highlights the critical role of early communication, administrative challenges, and disparities in palliative care availability. The second case demonstrates that even highly disabled patients can undertake a final journey if clinically stable, provided appropriate accommodations and support are in place. Both cases followed a similar framework: identifying a palliative care provider in the home country and having a Mini-Team member accompany the patient. In contrast, the third case underscores the difficulty of fulfilling this wish when clinical deterioration progresses rapidly, preventing repatriation Conclusion: Fulfilling the desire of migrant oncology patients to return to their home countries for End-of-Life care presents various challenges. These obstacles may arise from differences in national healthcare systems, administrative issues, and the patient’s clinical condition. It is crucial for the Mini-Team to identify this wish as early as possible to secure appropriate arrangements in the patient’s home country. Additionally, having a member of the Mini-Team accompany the patient during the journey can provide significant support.
Stepwise ablation strategy in radiofrequency ablation improves acute and long-term outcomes of scar-related ventricular tachycardias
Authors: Wang Pin , Zuo Yanan , Miao Chenglong , Xu Lu , Wang Yanwei , Liu Suyun , Xing Ru , Guo Bingyan 
Published: January 2025

Background The optimal intervention procedures for scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) is still unclear. Objective This study aimed to compare the acute and long-term outcomes of a stepwise ablation approach targeting critical sites identified through activation mapping during VT or pace mapping followed by substrate ablation with substrate modification alone in patients with scar-related VT. Methods Data of 41 patients with scar-related VTs treated with stepwise ablation (Group 1, n = 29) or substrate modification alone during sinus rhythm (Group 2, n = 12) were retrospectively reviewed. The procedure acute success and long-term success during follow-up were compared. Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups on basic characteristics. Group 1 demonstrated shorter ablation time (P = 0.02), longer VT-free survival rates at a median follow-up of 24.0 months (P = 0.02) and a lower VT recurrence rate (hazard ratio: 0.17, 95% confidence interval: [0.03, 0.93], P = 0.04) compared to Group 2. The acute success and ratio of ablation area to scar area were comparable between the two groups (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion The stepwise ablation strategy shows promise for improving acute and long-term outcomes and reducing the recurrence risk in patients with scar-related VT.
Patient Acceptance of Death and Symptom Control/Quality of Care Among Terminal Cancer Patients Under Inpatient Hospice Care: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lee Jae Hyuck , Lee Yoo Jeong , Park So Jung , Park Young Min , Lee Chung Woo , Hwang Sun Wook , Seo Min Seok , Kim Sun Hyun , Ahn Hong Yup , Hwang In Cheol 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Patient attitude to death is associated with outcomes in hospice care settings. This Korean study investigated the association between terminal cancer patient death acceptance and symptom control and quality of care (QoC) as perceived by family caregivers (FCs). Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted in nine inpatient hospice care units, and the data of 108 dyads (terminal cancer patients who responded to the revised Death Attitude Profile and their primary FCs) were analyzed. Dyads were dichotomized into high and low groups by death-acceptance level. Multivariate regression models were used to examine the association between death acceptance and symptom severity/QoC as perceived by FCs. Results Patients in the high acceptance group were younger, educated to a higher level, more religious, and had better-functioning families. Patients with severe shortness of breath were less likely to accept the inevitability of death. FCs of patients with high acceptance of death were more satisfied with QoC, particularly in domains of individualized care and family relationships. In addition, the positive association between patient acceptance and FC satisfaction with care was significant in dyads of young or female patients, patients with a low education level, and patients not cared for by a spouse. Conclusion Terminal cancer patient death acceptance is associated with symptom control and FC perceived QoC.
Robin Sequence and Isolated Cleft Palate are Associated With a High Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in School-Aged Children
Authors: Banhara Fábio Luiz , Trindade-Suedamm Ivy Kiemle , Trindade Inge Elly Kiemle , Sena Lais Mota Furtado , Trindade Sergio Henrique Kiemle 
Published: January 2025

Objective To analyze the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children aged 6 to 12 years with nonsyndromic Robin sequence (NSRS) and in those with nonsyndromic cleft palate (NSCP). All patients presented complete cleft palate (Veau II). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary public hospital. Patients A total of 146 children divided into 2 groups: (1) NSRS (n = 69), (2) NSCP (n = 77). Interventions (1) Anthropometric assessment, dentoskeletal, and facial analysis. (2) Clinical interview with “Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children” and “Congestion Quantifier Five-Item” (CQ5); and (3) 48 patients: Type IV polysomnography. Main Outcome Measures Frequency of OSA in children with NSRS and NSCP, assessed by Type IV polysomnography. Results Positive scores for OSA were found in 59.42% of children with NSRS and 46.75% of those with NSCP ( P > .05). Excessive daytime sleepiness was observed in 23.19% of the NSRS group and 9.01% of the NSCP group ( P > .05). Positive scores for nasal obstruction were noted in 14.49% with NSRS and 20.78% of those with NSCP ( P > .05). In polysomnography IV subgroups, an Oxygen Desaturation Index compatible with mild to moderate OSA was observed in 89.65% of the NSRS group and 78,94% of the NSCP group ( P > .05). Also, facial and pharyngeal alterations, such as Angle Class II malocclusion, Mallampati classifications III and IV, and deep crossbite, were associated with OSA. Conclusion Both children with NSRS and NSCP have a high frequency of mild to moderate OSA, highlighting the need for systematic evaluation of the presence of sleep-disordered breathing in this population.
A risk prediction model for adult patients with difficult intravenous access
Authors: Ji Yijun , Liu Chang , Cao Xiuzhu , Zhao Linfang 
Published: January 2025

Background: The challenges posed by difficult intravenous access (DIVA) in clinical treatment are not only related to technical difficulties but also have the potential to affect the quality of patient care and overall experience. It is crucial to adopt effective strategies to address difficult intravenous access. Currently, the assessment of difficult veins largely relies on individual perception and experience, which introduces a significant degree of subjectivity. Aim: To develop and validate a risk prediction model for DIVA in adult patients, providing a tool for early identification and intervention. Design: An observational study. Methods: Retrospective data collection was conducted on 1170 hospitalized patients who required the placement of a short peripheral venous catheter for treatment in a tertiary hospital from June 1, 2022, to September 30, 2022, as the training set. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing DIVA in adult patients and to construct a risk prediction model. Prospective data collection was conducted on 300 hospitalized patients from June 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023, for external validation. The discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical utility of the model were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve, respectively. A TRIPOD checklist was used to guide the reporting of this study. Results: The average age of patients in the training set was 58.60 ± 15.39 years. Among them, 626 were males (53.50%) and 544 were females (46.50%). The external validation group included a total of 300 patients with a mean age of 58.77 ± 15.26 years. There were 142 males (47.33%) and 158 females (52.67%). Advanced age, female sex, extreme weight (BMI <18.5 or >30), history of hemodialysis, axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer, compromised skin integrity, history of DIVA, and target cannula size ⩽20G are independent predictive factors for DIVA in adult patients (all p < 0.05). The risk prediction model constructed based on these factors had an area under the ROC curve of 0.912 (95% CI 0.880–0.943) in the modeling group. The areas under the ROC curve in the internal and external validation groups were 0.887 (95% CI 0.855–0.924) and 0.870 (95% CI 0.799–0.942), respectively. Calibration curves showed good agreement between predicted and observed probabilities. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that intervening when the risk of venous puncture difficulty ranged from 3% to 91% yielded favorable clinical benefits for patients. Conclusion: Constructing a risk prediction model for DIVA in adult patients has significant predictive value. It assists medical staff in early intervention and management for high-risk patients, thereby achieving effective prediction, warning, and control.
Design and application research of embedded graphic display software system for edge computing
Authors: Luo Jinqun 
Published: January 2025

With the increase of data volume in edge device, the importance of edge computing is also gradually highlighted. The demand for edge device to complete data calculation is also gradually developing. Data generated in edge computing needs real-time interaction with users, and graphical display is the most intuitive way of data interaction, but the resources of edge devices are limited. In order to realize the graphic display in the limited resources and save the limited resources, a small embedded graphics display system solution for edge computing is innovatively developed. This solution includes the overall architecture design of the graphics display system, the implementation of functional logic, animation technology, and virtual machines. The study used Bezier curves to design oscilloscope controls involved in edge display systems. The study also adopted various interpolation algorithms and introduced a spring animation that simulates physics into the interpolation algorithm. In addition, the study also designed the execution mechanism of the program virtual machine and the processing flow of the encoder. Finally, the effectiveness of the system designed by the research is verified by comparing indicators such as power consumption and performance to power ratio. According to the findings, the performance of the system designed by the research institute is 127 million pixels per second. The power consumption is 65 megawatts. The performance to power ratio is 1.95. The memory is 1.52 KB. The startup speed is 1.64 milliseconds. The frequency is 167 MHz, and the process is 110 nanometers. The average smoothness and realism of the picture after introducing spring animation are 8.8 and 10 higher than those of the picture only introducing frame insertion algorithm, respectively. It can be seen that the embedded graphics display software system for edge computing designed by the research institute has good performance and effect. The research results can be applied in edge display systems to achieve data exchange within their limited resources and have good practical application significance.
Optimization study on valve seating characteristics of hydraulic variable valve system
Authors: Xu Yuliang 
Published: January 2025

Variable valve technologies, as an advanced category aimed at enhancing internal combustion engine thermal efficiency and emission performance, are highly favored within the automotive industry. This paper proposes a hydraulic variable valve system that can achieve continuous variation in valve phase and lift while maintaining a simple structure. Pre-tests show that at higher engine speeds, the valve seating characteristics are not stable enough. This study believes that in addition to considering the lower seating velocity, the valve seating characteristics also needs to take into account the timeliness of the valve seating and the permissible requirements of hydraulic oil pressure. In order to improve the valve seating performance of the system at higher speed, we first built a simulation model, analyzed the valve seating influencing factors, and then established an optimization model of valve seating characteristics, optimized the parameters of the buffer mechanism and carried out verification tests using a physical platform. The results show that under the premise of meeting the allowable oil pressure, the maximum valve seating velocity is decreased from by 60% from 1.33 m/s to 0.52 m/s, and the seating phase delay is only 3.3°, realizing the smooth seating and effectively increases the applicable speed of the hydraulic variable valve system by 28.5% to above 4500 r/min.
Study on defect detection in lightweight insulators based on improved YOLOv8
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Liu Zhe , Cheng Xinyun , Tang Ming , Li Yaqiao 
Published: January 2025

Aiming at the problems of insulator detection such as low recognition accuracy for small targets and the algorithm model is too large and difficult to be deployed to the edge devices. In this paper, a lightweight YOLOv8-ASF-P2 insulator defect detection model is designed. The model introduces the ASF and P2 detection layer, and at the same time according to the idea of ASF to add the P2 detection layer, the new network structure is trained and then pruned. After pruning, the mAP of this algorithm is 89.5%, the model size is 2.1 MB, and the detection speed is 144.9FPS. 1.7% improvement in mAP, 64.7% reduction in model size, and 40% improvement in detection speed compared with the YOLOv8 algorithm, which verifies the effectiveness of the improved method.