bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation and development of the Bosporus kingdom: separate historical and legal aspects
Authors: Hutiv B.I. 
Published: October 2023

The article talks about the Bosporus kingdom as one of the states that managed to avoid annexation by Rome and preserved its autonomy for several centuries. This state was located in the Eastern Crimea and in the western part of the Taman Peninsula. Its capital was Panticapei (modern Kerch), which in ancient times was surrounded by nomadic (mainly Scythian and Sarmatian) peoples.
It has been established that the Archeanactid dynasty ruled here at first, and from 438 to 109 B.C. - Spartokids dynasty. It was during the reign of Satyr I, Leukon I, Perisades I, Eumela I in the 4th century B.C. the Bosporus kingdom with its center in Panticapei reached its greatest power, an authoritarian system of government developed, and therefore, Bosporus came to be considered a kingdom with a monarchical form of government.
The author analyzed the legal system of the Bosporus kingdom. It was found that the main sources of law were: the legislative activity of the kings of Bosporus, the rights of the Greek city-polises that were part of the Bosporus kingdom, and the customs of local tribes. Norms of civil law protected the interests of slave owners. Two main forms of ownership were defined: state and private. Land, slaves, cattle and movable property were owned. The main types of contracts were: purchase and sale, mine, loan and donation.
The author also characterized the complex nature of marital and family relations. Agreements on the future marriage were usually concluded by the decision of the parents. A legal marriage resulted from an eggiesia, a formal private agreement between the head of the bride’s family, on the one hand, and the groom or his father, on the other.
In the field of criminal law, the author established that the main types of crimes were: crimes against the state, against the community, and against a specific private person. However, the most serious crimes were often called adikia - a sin before the gods. The damage could be physical, moral or material.
The principles of justice and reasonable period in commercial procedure: the impact of the provisions of the European convention on human rights and the decisions of the European court of human rights on their implementation
Authors: Vasylenko M.E. 
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the principles of judicial procedure enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights, their impact on the implementation of commercial procedure in Ukraine, in particular, the standards of fair justice. The purpose of the article is to generalize and systematize approaches that exist in legal doctrine and law enforcement practice regarding the subject of research. The study of the principles of judicial procedure enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights, the directions of their impact on the implementation of economic justice in Ukraine, including the standards of fair justice, is necessary and relevant for the further reform of economic procedural legislation.
The article examines in detail the issue of the implementation of the principles of justice and reasonable terms of justice in economic litigation based on already existing scientific developments and current legislation. The methods used in the research allowed the author to come to the following conclusions. Legal mechanisms that ensure the implementation and protection of the evolutionary ideas of the fairness of justice are of crucial importance for the understanding by the participants of court proceedings of the very content of the economic process, the observance by the court and other participants of economic proceedings of the rights and freedoms established by law, the decision-making algorithm, which must meet the criteria of transparency and honesty and expediency, as well as understanding the controllability of the specified processes. As for the principle of a reasonable period, based on the positions of the researchers, it was determined that a reasonable period is considered as an objective (i.e. impartial, free from biased and subjective attitude) period necessary for the performance of all necessary procedural actions in economic litigation. A reasonable term is a period of time when court proceedings are objective in nature without significantly exceeding the framework established by law. The results of the research show that the practical judicial guidelines on the application of the principles of the European Convention on Human Rights and its fundamental freedoms, which are contained in the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, contribute to the consistency of the approach of various national legal systems to the application of justice standards, including in commercial litigation.
Development of the agricultural sector of the economy under martial law
Authors: Khalizov D.V. 
Published: October 2023

The agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine has firmly established itself as a flagship in ensuring a positive foreign economic balance of our country, it needs constant development of the agricultural sector, the most reliable factor of which is the creation of an appropriate innovative foundation, a fairly objective reflection of which is the state of its consolidation in the current legislation, which must definitely be fa­cilitated by the state scientific development of this topic.
Innovations are one of the most effective factors in the development of agribusiness, because, as global and domestic practice proves, their introduction affects the modern process of agricultural production, management of agricultural entrepreneurship and, in general, the implementation of agrarian entrepreneur­ship, bringing it to a qualitatively new level. Agricultural business has long been a driver of not only the economy in general, but also exports in Ukraine. It is thanks to farmers that numerous Ukrainian IT and technological companies have a large client market and a testing ground for their ideas.
The dynamics of the development of the world economy in the conditions of globalization attests to the decisive role of the implementation of effective mechanisms of innovation policy in ensuring the compet­itiveness of the agricultural sector.
The agriculture of Ukraine is a powerful, export-oriented branch of the national economy, which proved its viability both during hostilities on the territory of our state and during the COVID-19 pan­demic. However, its further efficient and sustainable functioning is definitely connected with innovative development, with the introduction of innovations in all branches of agricultural production and at all its stages.
As a result of military operations on the territory of Ukraine, the sowing campaign of 2022 has become the most difficult since the beginning of Ukraine’s independence.
Current issues of legal regulation of the teaching activity of the head of a higher education institution in Ukraine under the conditions of concurrent employment
Authors: Huk B.M. 
Published: October 2023

The article examines certain aspects of the realization of the right of the head of a higher education institution of Ukraine to carry out teaching activities under the conditions of concurrent employment. The relevance of the raised issue is substantiated by legislative changes to the mechanism of legal regulation of labour relations under conditions of concurrent employment. The legal possibilities of the head of a higher education institution of the III-IV level of accreditation to simultaneously occupy another position of a scientific and pedagogical employee on an internal co-employment basis are analysed. Attention is drawn to the latest legislative requirements regarding the peculiarities of concluding an employment contract under the conditions of concurrent employment. Doctrinal approaches, materials of court practice, explanations of authorized state bodies regarding the right of the head of an educational institution to teaching activities during working hours are considered. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of the legal status of the head of a higher education institution, scientific approaches to the content of the definitions «scientific and pedagogical employee», «scientific and pedagogical activity», «conflict of interests», etc. are analysed.
Formed own views on the content of certain provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On the Prevention of Corruption”, clarification of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption regarding the existence of a conflict of interests for the head of a higher education institution in cases where he occupies the position of professor of the department. Attention is drawn to the threat of signs of indirect discrimination of the head of a higher education institution in the case of limiting his right to part-time teaching, loss of potential opportunities for further scientific growth, and improvement of his qualifications as a teacher and scientist.
The conclusion is substantiated that the head of a higher education institution not only has the right, but is also obliged to engage in teaching and research activities, even during working hours, and necessarily in the educational institution he heads. It is emphasized that depriving the head of a higher education institution of the right to teaching or scientific activity under conditions of concurrent employment will negatively affect the implementation of the main task of the higher education institution - conducting educational and scientific activities at a high level.
The system of law and the legal system of Ukraine in the era of globalism (integration)
Authors: Dudnyk R.M. 
Published: October 2023

In the changing conditions of the modern world, marked by the rapid development of technologies, economic globalization, and growing international cooperation, legal systems and legal systems of national states are becoming the object of significant transformations. The dynamic nature of these processes creates complex challenges and opportunities that require serious scientific understanding and analysis. One of the key aspects of this transformation is the interaction of the legal systems of nation-states with global challenges and integration processes.
Ukraine, as a sovereign state, does not remain aloof from these processes. In the context of active participation in the European and world community, the country is forced to adapt its legal system to international standards, as well as effectively interact with other legal systems. At the same time, the preservation of national identity and unique legal traditions requires a careful balance between external influences and internal needs of society.
The current stage of Ukraine‘s development is characterized by intensive processes of European integration, which cover various aspects of society, including the legal sphere. Accession to various European agreements, creation of joint economic spaces, and mutual adaptation of normative acts create new challenges for the legal system of Ukraine. At the same time, these integration efforts have the potential to contribute to the modernization and improvement of the efficiency of the national legal system.
Therefore, in the context of globalism and integration processes, the legal system and the legal system of Ukraine become the subject of deep research. Understanding the impact of global trends on the national legal system, as well as the possibility of harmonization and adaptation to international standards, requires a systematic approach and scientific expertise. In this context, the study of the interaction between the legal system of Ukraine and global integration processes becomes particularly relevant, contributing to the disclosure of opportunities and challenges of this complex institutional relationship.
Study of the Effectiveness of Poverty Reduction Programs; an Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach
Authors: Anwar Andi Faisal , Sari Rini Indah 
Published: October 2023

The budget allocation for poverty alleviation is getting bigger from time to time. However, the poverty rate did not change significantly. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of poverty programs that have been initiated by the government, through programs (KUBE, PANSIMAS, BUNDES, PNPM, and P2KP), which are believed to improve poverty alleviation efforts in Manyampa Village, Ujung Loe District, Bulukumba Regency. The research method used in this research is quantitative research, with the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis method. Data collection techniques were obtained from questionnaires or primary data sources, while secondary data were obtained from reports from BPS South Sulawesi, BPS Bulukumba, District Offices and related agencies in Bulukumba Regency. The novelty of this study is to explore further and evaluate what programs are quite effective in reducing poverty rates, with the help of expert choice with a consistency test. The results of this study indicate that in poverty alleviation efforts, the P2KP program is the most effective in reducing poverty with small business empowerment-based programs, while from community empowerment-based programs, the PANSIMAS program is more consistent than other programs in poverty alleviation efforts. P2KP and the PANSIMAS program each got a score of 0.02<0.1. It can be interpreted that the Inconsistency ratio <0.1 (the maximum limit) is also tested to be consistent, it's just that the achievement is lower than other programs. The implication of this research is that the local government needs to further evaluate ineffective poverty alleviation programs so that budget misallocations do not occur and are able to accelerate effective poverty alleviation programs that have been running. Keywords: Poverty, Program, Efectiveness
Decision of Informal Workers in Ownership of Employment BPJS Insurance in Makassar City
Authors: Jufri Sri Nurfiaty , Sabar Wardihan 
Published: October 2023

Ownership of insurance for informal workers is an important part that accommodates various professions or occupations in participating in the national health insurance program for workers in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the ownership of BPJS Employment insurance on informal sector workers in Makassar City. This study uses quantitative methods. The number of samples is 70 informal workers in the city of Makassar with the sampling technique used is purposive sampling while the data collection techniques are observation, questionnaires and documentation. For binary logistic regression analysis method. The results of this study indicate that income and education factors have a significant effect on BPJS Employment insurance ownership for informal sector workers in the city of Makassar. Meanwhile, age and number of Family have no significant effect on BPJS Employment insurance ownership in the informal worker sector in Makassar City. Keywords: Insurance Ownership, BPJS, Informal Workers, Logistic Binner
The Effect of Population and Unemployment on Poverty and Economic Growth in South Sulawesi Province
Authors: B Aulia Rahman , Khatimah Husnul 
Published: October 2023

Poverty and economic growth are important indicators to measure the achievement of regional development. To achieve inclusive development, each region will strive to optimize economic growth and reduce poverty. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of population and unemployment on economic growth poverty in South Sulawesi Province. This research is a type of quantitative research, using path analysis method. The results of the study found that the population has a direct and significant negative effect on poverty. Unemployment has a direct positive effect on poverty although it is not significant. Meanwhile, population and unemployment directly have a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Poverty directly has a negative but not significant effect on economic growth. Finally, population and unemployment have a significant indirect effect on economic growth through poverty in South Sulawesi Province. The economic growth of South Sulawesi Province has not been inclusive in reducing the unemployment rate and alleviating poverty in this area.Keywords: Population, Unemployment, Poverty, Economic Growth.
INVENTARISASI ASSET KETAHANAN SOSIAL DI DESA RATTE KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN ASSET BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hildayanti Andi , Machrizzandi M Sya’rani , Tajuddin Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Desa Ratte yang terletak di Kecamatan Tutar atau Tubbi Taramanu merupakan salah satu desa tertinggal di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Angka Indeks Desa Membangun Desa Ratte menunjukkan indeks terendah. Hal inilah yang mendasari pelaksanaan kegiatan penelitian ini untuk dilakukan pada Desa Ratte melihat status desa tertinggal tersebut. Melalui pendekatan Pengembangan Masyarakat Berbasis Asset ini secara berkelanjutan dapat membentuk kemandirian masyarakat dalam meningkatkan pendapatan sehingga meningkatkan pula kesejahteraannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi Asset Ketahanan Sosial di Desa Ratte Kabupaten Polewali Mandar dengan Pendekatan Asset Based Community Development (ABCD). Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian aksi atau Partisipatory Action Research yang dilakukan melalui tahapan (1) Discovery (Pengkajian); (2) Dream (Impian); (3) Design (prosedur); serta (4) Define dan Destiny. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi atau kemampuan gotong royong, jaringan sosial dan harmoni sosial, serta keaktifan beberapa lembaga pemasyaratan yang terjalin antar masyarakat Desa Ratte cukup kuat. Diantara 4 (empat) indikator sosial dalam IDM diketahui indikator pendidikan merupakan indikator dengan pencapaian indeks tertinggi. Hal ini tergambarkan pada motivasi belajar dan kepedulian masyarakat di bidang Pendidikan sangat tinggi. Ketersediaan fasilitas Pendidikan dan sumber daya air pegunungan sebagai moda penggerak jaringan listrik desa juga cukup membantu masyarakat melaksanakan aktivitas sehari-hari.
PREPARASI SEL SURYA TERSENSITISASI DYE (DSSC) DARI EKSTRAK KULIT UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Jusnia Jusnia , Nur Arfiani , Abubakar A. Nurfitriani , Ibrahim Patunrengi Iswadi 
Published: October 2023

Berbagai zat warna alami telah dieksplorasi untuk aplikasi Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell yang. Ekstrak etanol kulit ubi jalar ungu, Ipomoea batatas L. umumnya digunakan sebagai dye pada semikonduktor TiO2. Namun, Pada penelitian ini, zat warna diekstraksi bertahap dengan tiga pelarut dengan kepolaran bertingkat; n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol. Masing masing ekstrak dan campurannya digunakan sebagai sensitizer pada DSSC. Tujuannya untuk membandingkan nilai efisinesi DSSC sehingga diperoleh nilai konversi energi sinar matahari menjadi listrik yang tertinggi. Kinerja DSSC dikaji berdasarkan data analisis fitokimia, spektrum UV-Vis, FTIR dan morfologi semikondukduktor dengan analisis SEM. DSSC yang tersensitasi ekstrak campuran menghasilkan nilai efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 0,10 dengan nilai Vmax dan Imax sebesar 276mV dan 25,7mA.
Kansas beef bulls with chronic anaplasmosis demonstrate satisfactory breeding soundness outcomes at breeding soundness examination
Authors: Jablinski Anne C. , Reppert Emily J. , Huser Shaun , Robért Bradley D. , Jaeger John R. , Kang Qing , Liu Rui , Anantatat Tippawan , Armstrong Chance L. , Reif Kathryn E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of chronic Anaplasma marginale infection in beef bulls from eastern Kansas and compare breeding soundness parameters between A marginale–infected and uninfected bulls. We hypothesized that bulls with chronic anaplasmosis would have inferior breeding soundness exam (BSE) outcomes as a result of persistent A marginale infection or the consequence of initial clinical disease compared to uninfected bulls.

ANIMALS
535 client-owned beef bulls from eastern Kansas undergoing routine BSE.

METHODS
Complete BSEs were conducted by participating veterinarians according to the second edition of the Society for Theriogenology Manual for Breeding Soundness Examination of Bulls. Blood samples were collected for PCV determination and analysis of A marginale infection status via quantitative PCR and cELISA. Logistic and linear regression methods were used to evaluate factors associated with A marginale infection status and BSE parameters.

RESULTS
Prevalence of chronic A marginale infection was 46% (245/535) among bulls. Unsatisfactory BSE outcome was not statistically associated with chronic anaplasmosis in this study population, although more bulls with chronic anaplasmosis had unsatisfactory BSE outcomes (15.0 ± 2.4% vs 12.0 ± 2.2%).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Chronic anaplasmosis is prevalent among eastern Kansas breeding bulls; however, no negative association between chronic anaplasmosis and breeding soundness at time of BSE was observed.
Pseudohyperkalemia in horses with rhabdomyolysis reported by an enzymatic chemistry analyzer
Authors: Valberg Stephanie J. , Clancey Noel P. , Salinger Allison , Waldridge Bryan , Tan Jean-Yin , Barton Michelle Henry 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate pseudohyperkalemia occurring in horses experiencing rhabdomyolysis when serum chemistry profiles are run on an VetScan VS2 analyzer (Abaxis).

ANIMALS
18 horses with rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase [CK] > 1,000 U/L).

METHODS
In 3 horses with serum CK activities > 5,800 U/L and persistent serum potassium concentrations of > 8.5 mmol/L (VetScan VS2), potassium concentrations were reevaluated with either i-STAT Alinity Base Station (Abbott), Catalyst (Idexx), or Cobas c501 (Roche) ion-specific analyzers. Paired serum samples from 15 additional horses (median serum CK activity, 7,601 U/L; range, 1,134 to 192,447 U/L) were analyzed on both VetScan VS2 and Cobas c501 machines. Serum potassium concentrations were compared between the VetScan VS2 and ion-specific analyzers by Bland-Altman and Wilcoxon ranked tests and correlated to log10 CK activity via Pearson correlation.

RESULTS
Serum potassium concentrations were significantly higher on the VetScan VS2 (6.7 ± 1.6 mmol/L) versus the ion-specific analyzers (4.0 ± 1.1 mmol/L; P < .0001), with high bias shown in Bland-Altman analysis (43.1 ± 27.9). Potassium concentrations positively correlated with log10 CK activity with the VetScan VS2 (R2 = 0.51; P = .003) but not the Cobas (R2 = 0.09; P = .3) analyzer.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
An alternate analyzer to the VetScan VS2 should be used to evaluate serum potassium concentrations in horses with rhabdomyolysis because the VetScan VS2 methodology uses lactate dehydrogenase, which increases in serum with rhabdomyolysis and falsely elevates potassium concentrations.