bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate Detection of Lead Malfunction From ECG-derived Bipolar Pacing Stimulus Amplitude
Authors: Pelling Mary , Lloyd Michael S. , Ibrahim Rand , El-Chami Mikhael F , Iravanian Shahriar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most common modes of lead failure is outer insulation breach which may result in myopotential noise and device malfunction. “Pseudo-unipolarization” of bipolar pacing stimuli, as observed from a routine 12-lead ECG has been observed with insulation breaches. We sought to characterize this ECG finding to detect lead this type of lead malfunction.Methods138 transvenous leads were analyzed (88 with known malfunction and 50 normal leads). The highest amplitude (any of 12-leads on standard ECG, 10mm/mV, GE Marquette) of a bipolar pacing stimulus on ECG was recorded and compared to a control dataset of newly implanted leads. An ROC curve for maximum ECG bipolar pacing stimulus amplitude was generated for prediction of lead functional status (normal vs malfunction).ResultsThe cohort (49% females, 34% non-white) had an average age of 67 ± 16 years at implant. The malfunction group consisted of 61% RA and 39% RV leads with mean pacing output 2.74V at 0.5ms. There was a significant difference in ECG bipolar stimulus amplitudes at time of identification of failure (15.06 ± 13.533mm or 7.89 ± 7.56mm per V, p<0.001) compared to those of normal leads (2.54 ± 1.265mm or 0.86 ± 0.41mm per V). An EKG stimulus amplitude cut-off at 3.5mm for the prediction of this type of lead malfunction demonstrated a sensitivity of 86.4% and a specificity of 76%. When normalized for programmed stimulus output, a cutoff of 5mm/V demonstrated a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 92% (AUC 0.967 95% CI 0.938-0.996).ConclusionFor a given output, the maximum amplitude of a bipolar pacing stimulus on ECG is significantly lower in normal functioning leads compared to those with known malfunction due to insulation breach. This simply-derived variable demonstrated good accuracy at identifying this lead failure due to insulation breach and exposed electrodes.
Characterization of CXCL10 as a biomarker of respiratory tract infections detectable by open-source lateral flow immunoassay
Authors: Mikkelsen Dayna , Aguiar Jennifer A. , Tremblay Benjamin J-M , Hunjan Manjot S. , Eckhard Ulrich , Gilchrist Jodi , Bulir David , Smieja Marek , Mubareka Samira , Lambert Catherine , Tram Kha , Doxey Andrew C. , Hirota Jeremy A. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding core mechanisms common to respiratory tract viral pathogenesis and host-responses to infections may provide biomarkers for at-risk patient populations that guide interventions aimed at reducing morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. Secreted interferon stimulated gene protein products including CXCL10, CXCL11, and TNFSF10 could provide early biomarker signals that are prognostic for respiratory tract viral infections. In the present study, we had the overarching goal of defining the expression patterns of CXCL10, CXCL11, and TNFSF10 in clinical respiratory mucosal samples for multiple respiratory tract infections including respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 to inform the development of a host-biomarker point of care lateral flow immunoassay tool.Gene expression levels from upper airway samples suggested thatCXCL10andCXCL11elevations were consistent across multiple viruses, correlated with higher SARS-CoV-2 viral load, and had a lower variance over the course of COVID-19 infection compared toTNFSF10. Deep proteomic profiling using mass-spectrometry revealed CXCL10 protein was not detectable in oral samples from healthy individuals. CXCL10 levels were measured from the saliva of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals and showed significant elevations in CXCL10 protein concentration. A prototype lateral flow immunoassay for detecting CXCL10 protein with a sensitivity of 2ng/mL in human saliva is presented.Our work provides a foundation for further exploration of CXCL10 as a host biomarker relevant in respiratory tract viral infections. Leveraging lateral flow immunoassay technology for detection of biomarkers prognostic of respiratory tract infection may provide opportunities to intervene selectively and aggressively in those most at risk of poor outcomes.
Stroke After High-Dose/Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccines in U.S. Older Adults; 2016-2019
Authors: Lu Yun , Matuska Kathryn , Ma Yuxin , Laniyan Layo , Chillarige Yoganand , Anderson Steven A. , Forshee Richard A. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceA recent study from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration investigated the risk of stroke following COVID-19 bivalent and high-dose/adjuvanted influenza vaccines among older adults (individuals ≥65 years) who experienced stroke after vaccination in the 2022-2023 season. The study found a small but significant association between stroke and high-dose/adjuvanted influenza vaccination in the Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) population.ObjectiveTo evaluate stroke risk following high-dose/adjuvanted influenza vaccines in three historical influenza seasons.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe analysis included Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years who had a stroke outcome after receiving a high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccine in three influenza seasons 2016-2019. For each season, the study period began on the first Sunday of August and ended one day before the start of the subsequent season (e.g., Sunday, August 7, 2016 through Saturday, August 5, 2017). A self-controlled case series analysis was performed to compare the risk of stroke in risk intervals (1-21 and 22-42 days) to a control interval (43-90 days).ExposuresHigh-dose/adjuvanted influenza vaccines.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNon-hemorrhagic stroke (NHS), transient ischemic attack (TIA), NHS and/or TIA (NHS/TIA), and hemorrhagic stroke (HS).ResultsWe observed 29,730 stroke cases in 2016-2017; 34,518 cases in 2017-2018; and 36,869 cases in 2018-2019. In 2016-2017, the primary analysis found a statistically significant association for HS during the 22-42 day risk window (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.28; Risk Difference (RD)/100,000 doses=0.84, 95% CI 0.14−1.54) compared to the control interval. However, no significant primary analysis results were identified in 2017-2018 or 2018-2019.Conclusions and RelevanceWe did not observe clear, consistent evidence of increased stroke risk following high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccination across the three seasons 2016-2019. The statistically significant associations we identified were not consistently observed across outcomes, risk windows, age subgroups, or seasons. The clinical significance of any potential risk of stroke following vaccination must be carefully considered together with the significant benefits of receiving an influenza vaccination.
A Distributed Computing Solution for Privacy-Preserving Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Brito Cláudia , Ferreira Pedro , Paulo João 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreakthroughs in sequencing technologies led to an exponential growth of genomic data, providing unprecedented biological in-sights and new therapeutic applications. However, analyzing such large amounts of sensitive data raises key concerns regarding data privacy, specifically when the information is outsourced to third-party infrastructures for data storage and processing (e.g., cloud computing). Current solutions for data privacy protection resort to centralized designs or cryptographic primitives that impose considerable computational overheads, limiting their applicability to large-scale genomic analysis.We introduce Gyosa, a secure and privacy-preserving distributed genomic analysis solution. Unlike in previous work, Gyosafollows a distributed processing design that enables handling larger amounts of genomic data in a scalable and efficient fashion. Further, by leveraging trusted execution environments (TEEs), namely Intel SGX, Gyosaallows users to confidentially delegate their GWAS analysis to untrusted third-party infrastructures. To overcome the memory limitations of SGX, we implement a computation partitioning scheme within Gyosa. This scheme reduces the number of operations done inside the TEEs while safeguarding the users’ genomic data privacy. By integrating this security scheme inGlow, Gyosaprovides a secure and distributed environment that facilitates diverse GWAS studies. The experimental evaluation validates the applicability and scalability of Gyosa, reinforcing its ability to provide enhanced security guarantees. Further, the results show that, by distributing GWASes computations, one can achieve a practical and usable privacy-preserving solution.
GEMCAT – A new algorithm for gene expression-based prediction of metabolic alterations
Authors: Sharma Suraj , Sauter Roland , Hotze Madlen , Paul Prowatke Aaron Marcellus , Niere Marc , Kipura Tobias , Egger Anna-Sophia , Thedieck Kathrin , Kwiatkowski Marcel , Ziegler Mathias , Heiland Ines 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTThe conclusive interpretation of multi-omics datasets obtained from high throughput approaches is an important prerequisite to understand disease-related physiological changes and to predict biomarkers in body fluids. We here present a Gene Expression-based Metabolite Centrality Analysis Tool, GEMCAT, a new genome scale metabolic modelling algorithm. GEMCAT enables integration of transcriptomics or proteomics data to predict changes in metabolite concentrations which can be verified by targeted metabolomics. In addition, GEMCAT allows to trace measured and predicted metabolic changes back to the underlying alterations in gene expression or proteomics and thus enables functional interpretation and integration of multi-omics data. We demonstrate the predictive capacity of GEMCAT on two datasets, one using RNA sequencing data and metabolomics from an engineered human cell line with a functional deletion of the mitochondrial NAD-transporter and another using proteomics and metabolomics measurements from patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Discovery and Characterization of a Pan-betacoronavirus S2-binding antibody
Authors: Johnson Nicole V. , Wall Steven C. , Kramer Kevin J. , Holt Clinton M. , Periasamy Sivakumar , Richardson Simone , Suryadevara Naveenchandra , Andreano Emanuele , Paciello Ida , Pierleoni Giulio , Piccini Giulia , Huang Ying , Ge Pan , Allen James D. , Uno Naoko , Shiakolas Andrea R. , Pilewski Kelsey A. , Nargi Rachel S. , Sutton Rachel E. , Abu-Shmais Alexandria A. , Parks Robert , Haynes Barton F. , Carnahan Robert H. , Crowe James E. , Montomoli Emanuele , Rappuoli Rino , Bukreyev Alexander , Ross Ted M. , Sautto Giuseppe A. , McLellan Jason S. , Georgiev Ivelin S. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY/ABSTRACTThree coronaviruses have spilled over from animal reservoirs into the human population and caused deadly epidemics or pandemics. The continued emergence of coronaviruses highlights the need for pan-coronavirus interventions for effective pandemic preparedness. Here, using LIBRA-seq, we report a panel of 50 coronavirus antibodies isolated from human B cells. Of these antibodies, 54043-5 was shown to bind the S2 subunit of spike proteins from alpha-, beta-, and deltacoronaviruses. A cryo-EM structure of 54043-5 bound to the pre-fusion S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike defined an epitope at the apex of S2 that is highly conserved among betacoronaviruses. Although non-neutralizing, 54043-5 induced Fc-dependent antiviral responses, including ADCC and ADCP. In murine SARS-CoV-2 challenge studies, protection against disease was observed after introduction of Leu234Ala, Leu235Ala, and Pro329Gly (LALA-PG) substitutions in the Fc region of 54043-5. Together, these data provide new insights into the protective mechanisms of non-neutralizing antibodies and define a broadly conserved epitope within the S2 subunit.
A rare haplotype of theGJD3gene segregating in familial Meniere Disease interferes with connexin assembly
Authors: Escalera-Balsera Alba , Robles-Bolivar Paula , Parra-Perez Alberto M. , Murillo-Cuesta Silvia , Chua Han Chow , Rodríguez-de la Rosa Lourdes , Contreras Julio , Domarecka Ewa , Amor-Dorado Juan Carlos , Soto-Varela Andrés , Varela-Nieto Isabel , Szczepek Agnieszka J , Gallego-Martinez Alvaro , Lopez-Escamez Jose A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFamilial Meniere Disease (FMD) is a rare polygenic disorder of the inner ear. Mutations in the connexin gene family, which encodes gap junction proteins, can also cause hearing loss, but their role in FMD is largely unknown. Here, we found an enrichment of rare missense variants in theGJD3gene when comparing allelic frequencies in FMD (N=94) with the Spanish reference population (OR=3.9[1.92-7.91], FDR=2.36E-03). In theGJD3sequence, we identified a rare haplotype (TGAGT) composed of two missense, two synonymous, and one downstream variants. This haplotype was found in five individuals with FMD, segregating in three unrelated families with a total of ten individuals; and in another eight Meniere Disease individuals.GJD3encodes the gap junction protein delta 3, also known as human connexin 31.9 (CX31.9). The protein model predicted that the NP_689343.3:p.(His175Tyr) missense variant could modify the interaction between connexins and the connexon assembly, affecting the homotypic GJD3 gap junction between cells. Our studies in mice revealed that the mouse orthologGjd3- encoding Gjd3 or mouse connexin 30.2 (Cx30.2) - was expressed in the organ of Corti and vestibular organs, particularly in the tectorial membrane, the base of inner and outer hair cells and the nerve fibers. The present results describe a novel association betweenGJD3and familial FMD, providing evidence that FMD is related to changes in the inner ear channels; in addition, it supports a new role of tectorial membrane proteins in FMD.
Inequalities in ownership and availability of home-based vaccination records in 82 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Cata-Preta Bianca de Oliveira , Wendt Andrea , Santos Thiago Melo , Arroyave Luisa , Mengistu Tewodaj , Hogan Daniel R , Barros Aluisio JD , Victora Cesar Gomes , Danovaro-Holliday M. Carolina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionHome-based records (HBR) are widely used for recording health information including child immunizations. We studied levels and inequalities in HBR ownership in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) using data from national surveys conducted since 2010.Methods465,060 children aged 6-35 months from 82 LMICs were classified into four categories: HBR seen by the interviewer; never had an HBR; had an HBR that was lost; and reportedly have an HBR that was not seen by the interviewer. Inequalities according to age, sex, household wealth, maternal education, antenatal care and institutional delivery were studied, as were associations between HBR ownership and vaccine coverage. Pooled analyses were carried out using country weights based on child populations.ResultsAn HBR was seen for 67.8% of the children, 9.2% no longer had an HBR, 12.8% reportedly had an HBR that was not seen and 10.2% had never received one. The lowest percentages of HBRs seen were in Kiribati (22.1%), the Democratic Republic of Congo (24.5%), Central African Republic (24.7%), Chad (27.9%), and Mauritania (35.5%). The proportions of HBRs seen declined with age and were inversely associated with household wealth and maternal schooling. Antenatal care and institutional delivery were positively associated with ownership. There were no differences between boys and girls. When an HBR was seen, higher immunization coverage and lower vaccine coverage rates were observed, but the direction of this association remains unclear.InterpretationHBR coverage levels were remarkably low in many LMICs, particularly among children from the poorest families and those whose mothers had low schooling. Contact with antenatal and delivery care was associated with higher HBR coverage. Interventions are urgently needed to ensure that all children are issued HBRs, and to promote proper storage of such cards by families.
p75NTR upregulation following perinatal hypoxia leads to deficits in parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic cell maturation, cortical activity and cognitive abilities in adult mice
Authors: Chattopadhyaya Bidisha , Lee Karen K.Y. , Carreño-Muñoz Maria Isabel , Rubianes Andrea Paris- , Lavertu-Jolin Marisol , Berryer Martin , Longo Frank M. , Cristo Graziella Di 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChildren who experienced moderate perinatal hypoxia are at risk of developing long lasting subtle cognitive and behavioral deficits, including learning disabilities and emotional problems. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is an essential step for designing targeted therapy.Fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive (PV) GABAergic interneurons modulate the generation of gamma oscillations, which in turn regulate many cognitive functions including goal-directed attentional processing and cognitive flexibility. Due to their fast firing rate, PV cell function requires high levels of energy, which may render them highly vulnerable to conditions of metabolic and oxidative stress caused by perinatal hypoxia. Here, we show that adult mice that experienced moderate perinatal hypoxia (MPH) have decreased cortical PV expression levels in addition to specific impairments in the social, recognition memory and cognitive flexibility domain. We further found that the expression level of the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR, which limits PV cell maturation during the first postnatal weeks, is increased in MPH mice. Genetic deletion of p75NTR in GABAergic neurons expressing the transcription factor Nkx2.1, which include PV cells, protects mice from PV expression loss and the long-term cognitive effects of MPH. Finally, one week treatment with a p75NTR inhibitor starting after MPH completely rescues the cognitive and cortical activity deficits in adult mice. All together this data reveals a potential molecular target for the treatment of the cognitive alterations caused by MPH.
Synaptic communication within the microcircuits of pyramidal neurons and basket cells in the mouse prefrontal cortex
Authors: Fekete Zsuzsanna , Weisz Filippo , Karlócai Mária Rita , Veres Judit M. , Andrási Tibor , Hájos Norbert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBasket cells are inhibitory interneurons in cortical structures with the potential to efficiently control the activity of their postsynaptic partners. Although their contribution to higher order cognitive functions associated with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) relies on the characteristics of their synaptic connections, the way they are embedded into local circuits is still not fully uncovered. Here, we determined the synaptic properties of excitatory and inhibitory connections between pyramidal neurons (PNs), cholecystokinin-containing basket cells (CCKBCs) and parvalbumin-containing basket cells (PVBCs) in the mouse mPFC. By performing paired recordings, we revealed that PVBCs receive larger unitary excitatory postsynaptic currents from PNs with shorter latency and faster kinetic properties compared to events evoked in CCKBCs. Also, unitary inhibitory postsynaptic currents in PNs were more reliably evoked by PVBCs than by CCKBCs yet the former connections showed profound short-term depression. Moreover, we demonstrated that CCKBCs and PVBCs in the mPFC are mutually interconnected with each other. As alterations in PVBC function have been linked to neurological and psychiatric conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia and CCKBC vulnerability might play a role in mood disorders, a deeper understanding of the general features of basket cell synapses could serve as a reference point for future investigations with therapeutic objectives.
Progress in superhydrophobic surfaces for corrosion protection of Mg alloys – a mini-review
Authors: Song Zhengwei , Xie Zhi-Hui , Ding Lifeng , Zhang Shengjian 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to comprehensively review the preparation methods of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHPS) for corrosion protection of Mg alloy in recent years.

Design/methodology/approach
The preparation methods, wettability and corrosion resistance of SHPS on Mg alloy in the past three years are systematically described in this paper.

Findings
Two types of SHPS, including single-layer and multilayer coatings for corrosion protection of Mg alloy are summarized. Preparing multilayered coatings with multifunction is the current trend in developing SHPS on Mg alloy.

Originality/value
This paper reviewed the preparation methods and corrosion resistance of SHPS on Mg alloys. It provides a valuable reference for researchers to develop highly durable SHPS with excellent corrosion resistance for Mg alloys.
Fractal model of thermal contact conductance of the involute arc cylindrical gear considering friction coefficient
Authors: Sun Xianguang , Xin Xicheng 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose a fractal model of thermal contact conductance (TCC) of the involute arc cylindrical gear considering friction coefficient.

Design/methodology/approach
The influences of fractal dimension, fractal roughness and surface modification coefficient on the TCC of the rough surface were studied.

Findings
The results indicate that increasing the fractal dimension or reducing the fractal roughness enhances the TCC of the rough surface, and raising the surface correction coefficient contributes to this improvement.

Originality/value
In this work, the novelty of the work is that the authors first established a novel fractal model of TCC of the involute arc cylindrical gear considering friction coefficient. The achievements of this study provide some theoretical basis for the investigation of the TCC of the involute arc cylindrical gear.
Distributed leadership in inter-organisational public research and development teams
Authors: Kim Dohyoung , Jung Sunmi , Kim Eungdo 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe authors contribute to the literature on leadership by investigating how characteristics of principal investigators (PIs) affect innovation performance, and how collaborative and non-collaborative projects moderate this relationship within the context of inter-organisational research projects.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analysed panel data from the National Science and Technology Information Service on 171 research projects within a biomedical and regenerative medicines programme overseen by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. The authors used a hierarchical regression model, based on the ordinary least squares method, to examine the relationship between PI characteristics and performance, considering both quantity and quality.FindingsThe results show that the characteristics of PIs have diverse effects on the quantity and quality of innovation performance. Gender diversity within PIs negatively affects the quality of innovation performance, while the capacity of PIs positively influences it. Moreover, the degree of PI’s engagement is positively associated with the quantity of innovation performance but does not have a significant relationship with the quality of performance. In terms of moderating effects, collaborative projects with multiple leaders seem less reliant on PI capacity than non-collaborative projects led by a single leader, in terms of innovation performance.Originality/valueThe results contribute significantly to the literature on innovation management by examining the role of leadership in collaborative environments to enhance innovation performance, addressing the need for empirical evidence in this area. Analyses of PI characteristics in government R&D management can lead to improved team performance, more efficient processes and effective resource allocation, ultimately fostering innovation.