bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of optical emission from the supernova remnant G108.2−0.6 and its atomic environment
Authors: Paylı G , Bakış H , Aktekin E , Sano H , Sezer A 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report on the first detection of optical emission from the shell-type Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G108.2−0.6. We obtained Hα images and long-slit spectra using the 1.5-m RTT150 telescope to examine the morphological and spectral characteristics of the SNR. We detected several filaments along its north and south regions, which is consistent with its SNR nature. The spectra exhibit [S ii]/Hα ratios in the range of 0.4–1.1, indicating emission from shock-heated gas. The oxygen doublet emission lines [O i] λλ6300, 6363 detected in the south region also support the indicator of the presence of shocks. We estimate the electron density using the [S ii] 6716/6731 ratio ranging from 15 to 1800 cm−3. The spectra show a relatively low shock velocity of Vs ∼ 80 km s−1 with the pre-shock cloud density of nc ∼18–57 cm−3. The Hα/Hβ ratios show significant variation across the observed regions with extinction E(B − V) ranging from 0.22 to 1.65. We also analysed the archival H i data and estimated the kinematic distance to G108.2−0.6 of ∼0.8 kpc and its dynamical age as ∼70 ± 10 kyr.
Online Support Program for the Use of Music-Based Resources for Daily Care for Families Living with Dementia
Authors: Mercadal-Brotons Melissa , Pulice Giuseppe , Martí Patricia , De Castro Mònica , Vernet Montserrat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This pilot project presents the results of a program aimed at studying the effectiveness of an online music therapy intervention to contribute and promote the autonomy and integral well-being of people living with dementia (PLD) and their family caregivers (FC) within the framework of Person-Centered Care. In addition, it aims to evaluate the impact of this intervention in selected areas of PLD and on their neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as the caregivers’ stress-related symptoms. The program was carried out with 13 families associated with 3 Alzheimer’s Family Associations of Catalonia (Spain). The intervention consisted of three online sessions, in a period of 3 months. It was addressed to FC and PLD with the key participation of three volunteers recruited by each of the Alzheimer Association for this purpose. The volunteers accompanied and gave in person support to each family during the online sessions and maintained contact on a weekly basis with the families throughout all the process. The music therapists developed personalized music resources for each family to use at home as often as possible and implemented the three online sessions to evaluate and modify the resources as needed. The results of the Neuropsychological Inventory show pre–posttest improvements in apathy, irritability, and agitation in the PLD and a decrease in the caregivers’ perceived stress for each of these challenging behaviors. Also, the caregivers perceived the positive impact of the program in several areas through the Impact Areas Questionnaire, with the highest being the facilitation of communication, offering distraction/entertainment, and providing a positive/creative experience. These results are discussed, and suggestions for future improvements to the program are included.
Experimental and theoretical evidences for the formation of transition metal complexes with five coplanar metal–carbon σ bonds
Authors: Hua Yuhui , Luo Ming , Lu Zhengyu , Zhang Hong , Chen Dafa , Xia Haiping 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The σ bond is an important concept in chemistry, and the metal–carbon (M–C) σ bond in particular is a central feature in organometallic chemistry. Synthesis of stable complexes with five coplanar M–C σ bonds is challenging. Here, we describe the synthesis of two different types of stable complexes with five coplanar M–C σ bonds, and examine the stability of such complexes which use rigid conjugated carbon chains to chelate with the metal center. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the M–C σ bonds in these complexes have primarily a covalent character. Besides the σ nature, there are also a π conjugation component among the metal center and carbons, which causes delocalization. This work expanded the coplanar M–C σ bonds to five.
Association Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Women and the Implementation of Tobacco Control Measures on Campus: A Cross-Sectional Study in 50 Universities Across China
Authors: Nian Qinghua , Yang Xiaozhao Y , Yang Tingzhong , Peng Sihui , Bottorff Joan L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among women is prevalent in China which increases their risk of developing a wide range of diseases and can affect their susceptibility to adverse reproductive health effects. This study aims to examine the association between SHS exposure among women and the adoption and implementation of tobacco control measures on campus in China.

Aims and Methods
7469 female college students who have never smoked were recruited from 50 universities across China using a multistage sampling technique. All participants reported their exposure to SHS and the tobacco advertising and promotion on campus. Participants from colleges with smoke-free policies reported the implementation of smoke-free policies on campus measured by: (1) no evidence of smoking and (2) the display of smoke-free signs in public places. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied using weighted survey data.

Results
SHS exposure among participants was 50.5% (95% CI = 44.2% to 56.9%). The adoption of a smoke-free policy was not associated with SHS exposure (OR: 1.01, 95% CI = .71, 1.42), however, the implementation of the policy was significantly negatively associated with SHS exposure (OR: 0.56, 95% CI = .47 to 0.67). In addition, tobacco advertising and promotion on campus were significantly positively associated with SHS exposure (OR: 2.33, 95% CI = 1.42, 3.82; OR: 1.52; 95% CI = 1.15, 2.02, respectively).

Conclusions
Exposure to SHS is prevalent among female college students in China. Successful implementation of a smoke-free policy and banning tobacco advertising and promotion on campus could be effective measures to protect young women from the harms of SHS in China.

Implications
Approximately half of female college students are exposed to SHS on campus in China. Failure to implement smoke-free policies and exposure to tobacco marketing on campus are associated with higher SHS exposure. To protect millions of young Chinese women from the health harms of SHS, universities need to enact and enforce smoke-free policies within campus boundaries and adopt comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising and promotion on campus.
Panacinar emphysema complicating idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis: a case report
Authors: Saleem Talha , Al-Jaghbeer Mohammed J , Arrossi Valeria Andrea V , Mehta Atul C 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare entity with no known underlying etiology. It can be complicated by lung fibrosis. Emphysema is rarely reported as a consequence of IPH. We present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with recurrent hemoptysis and shortness of breath. Radiographs revealed advanced emphysematous changes of the lower lobes. The diagnosis of IPH was established with an open lung biopsy. She was treated with systemic steroids, underwent bullectomy and was subsequently maintained on inhaled steroids.
Eosinophilic Fasciitis Presenting as Chronic Nonspecific Symptoms in a Young Adult
Authors: Khaleel Mansour , Ayyad Mohammed , Khalil Nabil C N , Tarayrah Omar , Tumezeh Muath , Bannoura Sami 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare inflammatory disease affecting various connective tissues. It is characterized by induration of the skin as well as scleroderma-like manifestations that are progressive and bilaterally symmetrical. Additionally, the joints and muscles are commonly involved, and rarely, there can be involvement of internal organs. The diagnosis of EF is based on clinical, laboratory, radiological, and a full-thickness skin biopsy involving the fascia. The biopsy is often diagnostic and shows eosinophilic inflammation. Systemic corticosteroids specifically prednisone and prednisolone remain the preferred treatment of choice and may be combined with immunosuppressive therapy in a subset of patients. We herein report a patient complaining of chronic nonspecific symptoms that were diagnosed with EF. The patient was treated with steroids with marked improvement of his overall condition.
Recurrent deep vein thrombosis in a young patient of African descent: challenging the prevailing stance on the significance of MTHFR C677T mutation
Authors: Solela Gashaw , Aschenek Addis , Amsalu Chali 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Although numerous gene variations, such as those in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, have been implicated in an increased risk of venous thrombosis, current recommendations do not advocate genetic testing if there is no clinically meaningful association with thrombosis.

Case Presentation
A 30-year-old male patient presented with left lower limb swelling of two days with prior history of deep vein thrombosis and superficial thrombophlebitis. His left lower limb was grossly swollen. Doppler study showed thrombosis of left common femoral, superficial femoral and iliac veins and work up for inherited thrombophilia was negative except detection of MTHFR C677T mutation.

Conclusion
In spite of the great controversy regarding the strong association between MTHFR C677T mutation and venous thromboembolism, it is worth considering genetic testing as part of work-up for inherited thrombophilia in young patients, particularly of African descent, if they have recurrent deep vein thrombosis with no obvious risk factors.
Attempted suicidal poisoning with pretilachlor: case series of a herbicide simulating organophosphorus toxicity
Authors: Dahal Agnimshwor , Shukla Sudeep , Chauhan Bhim , Gyawali Jeevan , Thapa Astha , Budhamagar Bishal , Mishra Deergha 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pretilachlor is a herbicide that can cause clinical symptoms in people that are comparable to those of organophosphate poisoning when ingested. Given how closely it mimics the toxicity of organophosphate compounds, it presents a significant challenge to clinicians during management. The following cases were presented to the Emergency Department at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, Banke, Nepal.
An evaluation of the Birchwood Junk Food Café, Skelmersdale
Authors: Williams Greg , Greenhalgh Christine , Mitchell Steph , Ali Omer , Connell Stella , Scott David , Vella Grace , Verma Arpana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Food waste is an issue of global concern requiring worldwide action. In the UK, £19 billion worth of food is wasted every year. A variety of initiatives have been developed to redistribute surplus food to those in need. The Birchwood Junk Food Café in Skelmersdale combines the reduction of food waste with community and societal benefits. The University of Manchester and the Birchwood Centre conducted an evaluation of the café including a customer satisfaction survey, a long-form health and wellbeing survey and qualitative interviews. Each day the café produces a three-course menu for the public on a ‘pay-as-you-feel’ basis. During an 18-month period, the café intercepted 32 729 kg of food that would otherwise have gone to waste, served over 1500 people, with 3500 covers, 60 different dishes and 1200 volunteer hours. Customer satisfaction was extremely high with 88% being repeated visitors and 86% rating the café as excellent. Volunteers include youth from the local Birchwood Centre, who gain valuable experiences. Customers benefit from social interactions and additional community cohesion. The café offers an unique opportunity to impact on the wider community and provides support and structure for the volunteers.
Fibrous topology promoted pBMP2-activated matrix on titanium implants boost osseointegration
Authors: He Ting , Wang Yichun , Wang Ruohan , Yang Huan , Hu Xueyi , Pu Yiyao , Yang Binbin , Zhang Jingyuan , Li Juan , Huang Chongxiang , Jin Rongrong , Nie Yu , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Titanium (Ti) implants have been extensively used after surgical operations. Its surface bioactivity is of importance to facilitate integration with surrounding bone tissue, and ultimately ensure stability and long-term functionality of the implant. The plasmid DNA-activated matrix (DAM) coating on the surface could benefit osseointegration but is still trapped by poor transfection for further application, especially on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vivo practical conditions. Herein, we constructed a DAM on the surface of fibrous-grained titanium (FG Ti) composed of phase-transition lysozyme (P) as adhesive, cationic arginine-rich lipid (RLS) as the transfection agent and plasmid DNA (pDNA) for bone morphology protein 2 (BMP2) expression. The cationic lipid RLS improved up to 30-fold higher transfection than that of commercial reagents (Lipofectamine 2000 and polyethyleneimine) on MSC. And importantly, Ti surface topology not only promotes the DAM to achieve high transfection efficiency (∼75.7% positive cells) on MSC due to the favorable combination but also reserves its contact induction effect for osteoblasts. Upon further exploration, the fibrous topology on FG Ti could boost pDNA uptake for gene transfection, and cell migration in MSC through cytoskeleton remodeling and induce contact guidance for enhanced osteointegration. At the same time, the cationic RLS together with adhesive P were both antibacterial, showing up to 90% inhibition rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with reduced adherent microorganisms and disrupted bacteria. Finally, the FG Ti-P/pBMP2 implant achieved accelerated bone healing capacities through highly efficient gene delivery, aligned surface topological structure and increased antimicrobial properties in a rat femoral condylar defect model.
Quantifying hospital-associated costs, and accompanying travel costs and productivity losses, before and after withdrawing TNF-α inhibitors in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Florax Anna A , Doeleman Martijn J H , de Roock Sytze , van der Linden Naomi , Schatorjé Ellen , Currie Gillian , Marshall Deborah A , Jzerman Maarten J I , Yeung Rae S M , Benseler Susanne M , Vastert Sebastiaan J , Wulffraat Nico M , Swart Joost F , Kip Michelle M A ,   for UCAN-CAN DU and UCAN CURE Consortia, Yeung Rae S M , Wulffraat Nico , Benseler Susanne M , Swart Joost F , Vastert Sebastiaan J , Twilt Marinka , Marshall Deborah A , Cafazzo Joseph , Yeung Rae S M , Benseler Susanne M , Marshall Deborah A , Cafazzo Joseph , Ijzerman Maarten J , Wulffraat Nico , Swart Joost F , Vastert Sebastiaan J , Twilt Marinka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify differences in hospital-associated costs, and accompanying travel costs and productivity losses, before and after withdrawing TNF-α inhibitors (TNFi) in JIA patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from electronic medical records of paediatric JIA patients treated with TNFi, which were immediately discontinued, spaced (increased treatment interval) or tapered (reduced subsequent doses). Costs of hospital-associated resource use (consultations, medication, radiology procedures, laboratory testing, procedures under general anaesthesia, hospitalization) and associated travel costs and productivity losses were quantified during clinically inactive disease until TNFi withdrawal (pre-withdrawal period) and compared with costs during the first and second year after withdrawal initiation (first and second year post-withdrawal).ResultsFifty-six patients were included of whom 26 immediately discontinued TNFi, 30 spaced and zero tapered. Mean annual costs were €9165/patient on active treatment (pre-withdrawal) and decreased significantly to €5063/patient (−44.8%) and €6569/patient (−28.3%) in the first and second year post-withdrawal, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). Of these total annual costs, travel costs plus productivity losses were €834/patient, €1180/patient, and €1320/patient in the three periods respectively. Medication comprised 80.7%, 61.5% and 72.4% of total annual costs in the pre-withdrawal, first and second year post-withdrawal period, respectively.ConclusionIn the first two years after initiating withdrawal, the total annual costs were decreased compared with the pre-withdrawal period. However, cost reductions were lower in the second year compared with the first year post-withdrawal, primarily due to restarting or intensifying biologics. To support biologic withdrawal decisions, future research should assess the full long-term societal cost impacts, and include all biologics.
Patient–physician discordance impairs outcomes in early rheumatoid arthritis through less consistent treat-to-target implementation
Authors: Doumen Michaël , Stouten Veerle , Pazmino Sofia , De Meyst Elias , Bertrand Delphine , Joly Johan , Westhovens René , Verschueren Patrick 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to assess whether patient–physician discordance regarding disease activity affects treat-to-target (T2T) implementation and clinical outcomes in RA.

Methods
This was an analysis of the 2-year T2T-guided trial Care in early RA (CareRA). During year 1, DMARD escalations were mandated by the protocol when DAS28-CRP was &gt;3.2. During year 2, treatment was at the rheumatologists’ discretion. At each visit we assessed T2T implementation, defined as escalating DMARDs if DAS28-CRP &gt;3.2. Patient–physician discordance was defined by the discordance score (DS), a weighted difference between patient-reported and clinical/laboratory outcomes. Using generalized linear mixed models and multilevel mediation analysis, we studied the association between time-varying DS, T2T implementation and the odds of remission (Simplified Disease Activity Index ≤3.3), physical functioning (HAQ score) and radiographic progression at year 2.

Results
Over 2 years, 379 patients were assessed at 3129 follow-up visits. On 445 (14%) of these visits, DAS28-CRP was &gt;3.2, and DMARDs were escalated in 217/445 (49%) of such cases. T2T implementation declined over time and was consistently lower during the second year (year 1: 57–66%; year 2: 17–52%). Higher DS over time was negatively associated with remission and physical functioning at year 2, partly mediated by a lower proportion of T2T-adherent visits. No such association was found for radiographic progression.

Conclusion
Even in a trial setting, T2T was applied on only around 50% of visits. T2T was less likely to be implemented with increasing patient–physician discordance regarding disease activity, which was in turn associated with less remission and worse functional outcome, but not with radiographic progression.
Synthesis and characterisation of lead–magnesium–boron nanocomposite for radiation shielding application
Authors: Madhusudhana Chandrika B , Lakshmaiah Seenappa , Manjunatha Holaly C , Rajanna Ambika Madalakote , Nagarthnamma Sridhar K , Lourduraj Clement , Shivanna Manjunatha , Rajachari Munirathnam , Ningaiah Nagaiah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is a need for the replacement of toxic lead with nontoxic materials in radiation shielding applications. Instead of pure lead, lead mixed compounds/mixtures/alloys are considered to be less toxic and hence preferred for radiation shielding purposes. The compounds with magnesium are said to be having good magnetic and mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the boron element avoids secondary radiation and absorbs neutrons. The compound which is a mixture of lead, magnesium and boron is expected to be a good shielding material for radiation for X-rays/gamma rays. Hence in the present study, we have synthesised the lead–magnesium–boron (LMB) nanocomposites (NCs) using the green synthesis approach for the first time. LMB is synthesised by solution combustion method using Aloe vera as a reducing agent. The synthesised NCs are characterised using well-known characterisation techniques. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of multi-phase LMB NCs, and average crystal size is found to be 13–15 nm. Surface morphology and chemical composition are affirmed by SEM and EDX. The optical energy gap is found to be 1.87 eV. FTIR confirmed the functional groups. X-rays/gamma rays, neutrons and bremsstrahlung radiation shielding efficiency are measured by experimental and theoretical, compared with conventional shielding materials. LMB NCs have proved to be efficient. Hence, LMB NCs proved to be potential in X-rays/gamma rays, neutrons and bremsstrahlung radiation shielding.
Synthesis and characterization of Ag-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles for electromagnetic radiation shielding
Authors: Munirathnam Rajachari , Seenappa Lakshmaiah , Manjunatha Holaly Chandrashekara Shastry , Vidya Yalekadakalu Shivanna , Sridhar Krishnachari Nagarthnamma , Manjunath Shivanna , Veera Rethina Murugan Subramaniam , Nagaiah Ningaiah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the current study, CeO2: Ag (0 and 11 mol) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by solution combustion method using Aloevera extract as reducing agent. As-obtained NPs were characterized by standard techniques. Bragg’s reflections confirm the formation of a single-phase cubic structure of CeO2:Ag NPs. Crystalline size is calculated using both the W–H plot and Scherrer’s equation. Crystallite size found to decrease with increase in the dopant concentration. EDAX pattern confirmed the presence of Ce, O and Ag. Direct energy band calculated using Wood and Tauc’s was found to be in the range of 2.9–2.2 eV for 0 and 11 mol, respectively. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of the functional groups. Total shielding efficiency (SET) will give the best representation of EMI shielding properties. SET values calculated for a wide range of wavelengths are found to be as follows: near infrared (1.65 × 102 dB), mid infrared (9.78 × 101 dB) and far infrared (6.32 × 101 dB), followed by microwave region (MW) (6.46 × 101 dB), ultra-high frequency (UHF) (7.31 × 101 dB), very high frequency (VHF) (8.27 × 101 dB), high frequency (HF) (9.26 × 101 dB), medium frequency (MF) (1.02 × 102 dB), low frequency (LW) (1.12 × 102 dB), very low frequency (VLF) (1.22 × 102 dB), ultra-low frequency (ULF) (1.42 × 102 dB) and extremely low frequency (ELF) (1.52 × 102 dB). SET values of CeO2:Ag NPs are compared with other traditional materials and nanocomposites and found to be potential use in EMI shielding applications.
Neem leaves mediated synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles for X/gamma ray absorption applications
Authors: Munirathnam Rajachari , Seenappa Lakshmaiah , Manjunatha Holaly Chandrashekara Shastry , Vidya Yalekadakalu Shivanna , Sridhar Krishnachari Nagarthnamma , Manjunath Shivanna , Murugan Veera Rethina , Nagaiah Ningaiah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a variety of properties, which have prompted researchers to explore CeO2 NPs in various applications such as biomedical, electrochemical, gas sensing and display applications. CeO2 NPs capabilities were impacted by the type of synthesis mechanism. CeO2 NPs were synthesized by solution combustion method using neem leaves extract as a reducing agent. The synthesized sample is characterized with different techniques. The Bragg reflections confirm the formation of cubic spinel structure. The surface morphology consists of agglomerated NPs. The direct energy band gap was found to be 2.9 eV. X-ray radiation absorption properties were studied within 1 keV–100GeV range. The results indicate that CeO2 NPs found to be potential in radiation applications.