bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional mutation, splice, distribution, and divergence analysis of impactful genes associated with heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Mhatre Ishani , Abdelhalim Habiba , Degroat William , Ashok Shreya , Liang Bruce T. , Ahmed Zeeshan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is caused by a multitude of complex and largely heritable conditions. Identifying key genes and understanding their susceptibility to CVD in the human genome can assist in early diagnosis and personalized treatment of the relevant patients. Heart failure (HF) is among those CVD phenotypes that has a high rate of mortality. In this study, we investigated genes primarily associated with HF and other CVDs. Achieving the goals of this study, we built a cohort of thirty-five consented patients, and sequenced their serum-based samples. We have generated and processed whole genome sequence (WGS) data, and performed functional mutation, splice, variant distribution, and divergence analysis to understand the relationships between each mutation type and its impact. Our variant and prevalence analysis found FLNA, CST3, LGALS3, and HBA1 linked to many enrichment pathways. Functional mutation analysis uncovered ACE, MME, LGALS3, NR3C2, PIK3C2A, CALD1, TEK, and TRPV1 to be notable and potentially significant genes. We discovered intron, 5ʹ Flank, 3ʹ UTR, and 3ʹ Flank mutations to be the most common among HF and other CVD genes. Missense mutations were less common among HF and other CVD genes but had more of a functional impact. We reported HBA1, FADD, NPPC, ADRB2, ADBR1, MYH6, and PLN to be consequential based on our divergence analysis.
Muscimol inhibits plasma membrane rupture and ninjurin-1(NINJ1) oligomerization during pyroptosis
Authors: den Hartigh Andreas B. , Loomis Wendy P. , Anderson Marisa J. , Frølund Bente , Fink Susan L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is a cell death process that causes inflammation and contributes to numerous diseases. Pyroptosis is mediated by caspase-1 family proteases that cleave the pore-forming protein gasdermin D, causing plasma membrane rupture and release of pathogenic cellular contents. We previously identified muscimol as a small molecule that prevents plasma membrane rupture during pyroptosis via an unidentified mechanism. Here, we show that muscimol has reversible activity to prevent cellular lysis without affecting earlier pyroptotic events. Although muscimol is a well-characterized agonist for neuronal GABAA receptors, muscimol protection is not altered by GABAA receptor antagonists or recapitulated by other GABAA agonists, suggesting that muscimol acts via a novel mechanism. We find that muscimol blocks oligomerization of ninjurin-1, which is required for plasma membrane rupture downstream of gasdermin D pore formation. Our structure-activity relationship studies reveal distinct molecular determinants defining inhibition of pyroptotic lysis compared to GABAA binding. In addition, we demonstrate that muscimol reduces lethality during LPS-induced septic shock. Together, these findings demonstrate that ninjurin-1-mediated plasma membrane rupture can be pharmacologically modulated and pave the way toward identification of therapeutic strategies for pathologic conditions associated with pyroptosis.
Dynamical and topological properties of the spin angular momenta in general electromagnetic fields
Authors: Shi Peng , Du Luping , Yang Aiping , Yin Xiaojin , Lei Xinrui , Yuan Xiaocong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpin angular momenta play important roles in light–matter interactions, leading to the emergence of the spin Hall effect and topological quasiparticles in modern optics. The typical approach is to decompose the spins of plane electromagnetic waves into longitudinal and transverse components, yet this description is not easily transferable to more structured electromagnetic environments. Here, we developed a field theory to reveal the physical origin and topological properties of longitudinal and transverse spins for arbitrary electromagnetic waves (including water waves and acoustic waves) in both near-field and free space. For electromagnetic waves carrying intrinsic helicity, we observed the emergence of helicity-dependent transverse spin possessing helicity-dependent spin-momentum locking. To verify that the number of spin-momentum locking states coincides with the spin Chern number, we experimentally measured the three-dimensional spin angular momentum densities of Bloch-type optical skyrmions. Our findings yield valuable insight for constructing spin-based field theory and exploiting optical topological quasiparticle-based applications.
Economists are not engaged enough with the IPCC
Authors: Noy Ilan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe representation of Economics in IPCC Assessment Reports (ARs) has evolved over time and is currently declining. This is especially noticeable in Working Group 2 (WGII), where economists were never very well represented. It is also noticeable that the economists who have participated in the writing of the recent ARs are typically not employed in traditional academic economics departments and are therefore not operating in the mainstream of the profession. Economic research can contribute a lot to overcoming the complex challenges posed by climate change, and therefore it is worthwhile to assess why economists are not more heavily involved. This is both a supply problem (not many economists focus on climate change) and a demand problem (the IPCC does not seem to want more economists). Here, we first try to argue that economists should be part of the IPCC. We then digress to look at what economic research looks like, and therefore why economists are not that interested in contributing meaningfully to the research on climate change. We also briefly discuss why the IPCC seems not to welcome economists, and why we think the future may be looking brighter for this needed collaboration between economics and the IPCC.
High-Tc superconductivity of polyhydride Rb2MgH18 with a layered hydrogen structure at high pressure
Authors: Wang Jianyun , Sun Ying , Li Yulong , Zhang Shoutao , Gao Bo , Liu Hanyu 
Published: October 2023

A new high-pressure Rb2MgH18 structure with an intriguing H layer was predicted. It shows superconductivity with calculated Tc of 278 K at 235 GPa.
Photometric follow-up of the 20 Myr old multi-planet host star V1298 Tau with CHEOPS and ground-based telescopes
Authors: Damasso M. , Scandariato G. , Nascimbeni V. , Nardiello D. , Mancini L. , Marino G. , Bruno G. , Brandeker A. , Leto G. , Marzari F. , Lanza A. F. , Benatti S. , Desidera S. , Béjar V. J. S. , Biagini A. , Borsato L. , Cabona L. , Claudi R. , Lodieu N. , Maggio A. , Mallorquín M. , Messina S. , Micela G. , Ricci D. , Sozzetti A. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Turrini D. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. 
Published: October 2023

Context. The 20 Myr old star V1298 Tau hosts at least four planets. Since its discovery, this system has been a target of intensive photometric and spectroscopic monitoring. To date, the characterisation of its architecture and planets’ fundamental properties has been very challenging.
Aims. The determination of the orbital ephemeris of the outermost planet V1298 Tau e remains an open question. Only two transits have been detected so far by Kepler/K2 and TESS, allowing for a grid of reference periods to be tested with new observations, without excluding the possibility of transit timing variations. Observing a third transit would allow for better constraints to be set on the orbital period and would also help in determining an accurate radius for V1298 Tau e because the previous transits showed different depths.
Methods. We observed V1298 Tau with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) to search for a third transit of planet e within observing windows selected to test three of the shortest predicted orbital periods. We also collected ground-based observations to verify the result found with CHEOPS. We reanalysed Kepler/K2 and TESS light curves to test how the results derived from these data are affected by alternative photometric extraction and detrending methods.
Results. We report the CHEOPS detection of a transit-like signal that could be attributed to V1298 Tau e. If so, that result would imply that the orbital period calculated from fitting a linear ephemeris to the three available transits is close to ~45 days. Results from the ground-based follow-up marginally support this possibility. We found that i) the transit observed by CHEOPS has a longer duration compared to that of the transits observed by Kepler/K2 and TESS; and ii) the transit observed by TESS is >30% deeper than that of Kepler/K2 and CHEOPS, and it is also deeper than the measurement previously reported in the literature, according to our reanalysis.
Conclusions. If the new transit detected by CHEOPS is found to be due to V1298 Tau e, this would imply that the planet experiences TTVs of a few hours, as deduced from three transits, as well as orbital precession, which would explain the longer duration of the transit compared to the Kepler/K2 and TESS signals. Another and a priori less likely possibility is that the newly detected transit belongs to a fifth planet with a longer orbital period than that of V1298 Tau e. Planning further photometric follow-up to search for additional transits is indeed necessary to solve the conundrum, as well as to pin down the radius of V1298 Tau e.
Simultaneous Volar and Dorsal Dislocation of Proximal Inter Phalangeal Joints in Adjacent Fingers - A Case Report
Authors: Sabapathy S Raja , Bose Vijay C , Rex C , Dheenadhayalan J 
Published: October 2023

SummaryVolar dislocation of PIP joint or MCP joint is a rare injury. They are seldom seen acutely and hence literature is sparse on the ideal method of management of these injuries. We had a patient who presented with a rare combination of volar dislocations of PIP and MCP joints of the ring finger with a classic dorsal dislocation of the PIP joint of the little finger. All dislocations underwent successful closed reduction in the acute stage followed by appropriate method of immobilisation and physiotherapy.
Value Engineering - A New Concept in Reducing Cost of Burn Care
Authors: Bharat R 
Published: October 2023

SummaryAn attempt was made to reduce the cost of burn care by adopting certain simple methods without in any way compromising the quality of treatment. The important factors which escalate the cost of treatment are the expensive dressing materials and high cost of antibiotics. By implementing the Value Engineering methods, savings in cost of dressing materials and antibiotics of 50.07% and 49.35% respectively were achieved.
Bridging the financial divide: a bibliometric analysis on the role of digital financial services within FinTech in enhancing financial inclusion and economic development
Authors: Afjal Mohd 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFinancial technology (FinTech) and financial inclusion have become increasingly significant as means to alleviate poverty, reduce income inequality, and promote economic growth. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of research on the role of digital financial services in promoting financial access and economic development between 2010 and 2023. Using Scopus database, 695 documents were selected, and Biblioshiny and VOSviewer software were employed for analysis. The study aims to identify research themes, analyze publication trends, assess geographical distribution, recognize influential authors, institutions, and journals, uncover highly cited articles, and determine research gaps. The results reveal a growing interdisciplinary interest in FinTech and financial inclusion, with a surge in research production since 2016, emphasizing the significance of digital financial services in addressing the limitations of traditional financial institutions. The findings also highlight influential authors, institutions, and publications that have shaped the discourse, global collaboration patterns, and emerging research themes and trends. Policymakers are encouraged to foster an environment conducive to the growth and integration of FinTech, while future research directions should focus on the impact of digital financial services on vulnerable populations, alternative financing solutions, and the potential of emerging technologies in advancing financial inclusion and economic development. This analysis underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, global cooperation, and vigilance in addressing the challenges and opportunities presented by the rapid adoption of digital financial services in promoting inclusive and sustainable economic development.
Free riding in NATO after the Rise of Russia: cost sharing, free riding and selective incentives in NATO from 2009 to 2019
Authors: Pedersen Rasmus Brun , Ohrt Anders , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAfter a period of relative overperformance due to the focus on output indicators in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s (NATO) burden-sharing debate, we ask whether the shift back to input indicators prior to the Ukraine War meant that the smaller NATO allies have returned to their fringe position as NATO underperformers. According to the deterrence model, smaller allies are induced to free ride to a higher degree than mid-sized allies. Utilizing insights from public choice theory, our analysis demonstrates, first, that there is no support to the claim that the size of NATO member state GDP determines the percentage of GDP spent on defence. Second, selective incentives tend to reduce the incentive for small allies to free ride. The relationship between GDP and the percentage of GDP spent on defence capabilities is therefore conditional upon the net gain of the individual member state. Defence capabilities that are characterized as a public good when we control for exposed borders indicate a higher percentage of GDP spent on defence. Our conclusions show that even though small allies continue to free ride, they do so less than expected due to the existence of selective incentives in the period from 2009-2019.
Responsive strategies and self-identity construction in “Versailles Humblebragging” on Chinese social media
Authors: Wang Huijing , Xie Jiaqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Versailles humblebragging is becoming an increasingly pervasive pragmatic and linguistic phenomenon since late 2020 in face-to-face and social media communication in China. Despite its ubiquity, there is a relative paucity of empirical research on this new phenomenon, particularly on the reactions of followers in the digital communicative context and the self-identities constructed by the posters, as well as the theoretical limitations to explicate the social cognitive factors behind the novel pragmatic behavior. This study integrated pragmatic and social cognitive theories to conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses of the responsive strategies followers used and the self-identity the humblebraggers built in this phenomenon. Based on the data retrieved from Chinese social media Weibo, we have found generally two major types of responsive strategies, namely the explicit and implicit. A majority of followers employed the implicit strategies to express their acceptance and liking with a preponderance of clicking the “like” affordance, suggesting that Versailles humblebragging helps to build good interpersonal relationship on Weibo. We have also identified seven types of self-identities and explored the underlying factors from the perspective of social cognition. It might be concluded from the findings that certain social and cultural shared beliefs, values and patterns of life are potent factors in shaping Chinese posters’ interpretation of themselves and other people.
Chinese heritage speakers as language brokers in internship abroad
Authors: Wang Yi , Diao Wenhao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFocusing on four Chinese heritage speakers seeking internships while studying in China, this ethnographic multi-case study reveals how their linguistic ideologies can shape their life and work abroad. Drawing upon the theory of language ideology, findings show that heritage speakers were perceived as model Chinese speakers in the classroom, and their bilingual upbringing was also considered an asset by Chinese multinational companies. While the bilingual identity afforded them initial access to internship opportunities, in the workplace they were assigned language tasks (e.g., translation) rather than responsibilities aligned with their academic training. As this distribution of labor foregrounds heritage speakers’ bilingual identity, it places them into the peripheral role as language service providers in the corporate realm. By describing these perplexing experiences, our results provide a more nuanced understanding of heritage speakers’ experiences abroad and unpack the linguistic expectations and implications for those who seek internships while studying abroad.
Leaky wave antenna with backfire to endfire beam-scanning capability based on even mode spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Wang Min , Wei Gao , Han Kangkang , Lei Siyuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a leaky wave antenna (LWA) based on even mode excited spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed. The LWA can radiate beams from backfire to endfire as the frequency increases. The proposed LWA is asymmetrically modulated by the method of sinusoidal modulation of the reactance surface at two sides of the SSPP structure, which brings a phase difference between two sides of the antenna. The phase difference produces the field component that radiates the beam in the backfire or endfire direction. In this way, the full-angle beam scanning is realized. Moreover, to reduce the open-stop band effect, an improved LWA with multiperiod modulation and asymmetric units is proposed. The simulated results indicate that the radiation beam steers from backfire to endfire. A prototype of the proposed LWAs is fabricated and measured. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones.
Further development and application of a method for assessing radionuclide surface activity distribution and source location based on measurements of ambient dose equivalent rate
Authors: Chizhov K , Bragin Yu , Sneve M K , Shandala N , Siegien K , Smith G M , Ksenofontov A , Kryanev A , Tesnov I , Koukhta B , Shimansky Yu , Goncharenko G , Drozdovitch V , Kryuchkov V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A method has been developed for solving the Fredholm equation in the barrier geometry for reconstructing the surface activity density (SAD) from the results of measuring the ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER). Inclusion of the barrier geometry means that the method takes into account the shielding effect of buildings and structures on the contaminated site. The method was based on the representation of the industrial site, buildings and radiation fields in the form of a raster and the use of the visibility matrix (VM) of raster cells to describe the barrier geometry. The developed method was applied to a hypothetical industrial site with a size of 200 × 200 conventional units for four types of SAD distribution over the surface of the industrial site: ‘fragmentation’, ‘diffuse’, ‘uniform’ and ‘random’. The method of Lorentz curves was applied to estimate the compactness of the distributions of SAD and the ADER for the considered radiation sources. It was shown that the difference between the Lorentz curve for SAD and ADER means that the determination of the spatial distribution of SAD over the industrial site by solving the integral equation is essentially useful for determining the location of radiation source locations on the industrial site. The accuracy of SAD reconstruction depends on the following parameters: resolution (fragmentation) of the raster, the height of the radiation detector above the scanned surface, and the angular aperture of the radiation detector. The measurement of ADER is simpler and quicker than the direct measurement of SAD and its distribution. This represents a significant advantage if SAD distribution needs to be determined in areas with high radiation dose-rate during limited time. The developed method is useful for supporting radiation monitoring and optimizing the remediation of nuclear legacies, as well as during the recovery phase after a major accident.
Further development and application of a method for assessing radionuclide surface activity distribution and source location based on measurements of ambient dose equivalent rate. Examples for Andreeva Bay, Chernobyl NPP and Istiklol
Authors: Chizhov K , Bragin Yu , Sneve M K , Shandala N , Seregin V , Siegien K , Smith G M , Ksenofontov A , Kryanev A , Tesnov I , Shimansky Yu , Goncharenko G , Drozdovitch V , Kryuchkov V 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A method for reconstructing surface activity density (SAD) maps based on the solution of the Fredholm equation has been developed and applied. The construction of SAD maps was carried out for the site of the temporary storage (STS) of spent fuel and radioactive waste (RW) in Andreeva Bay using the results of measuring campaign in 2001–2002 and for the sheltering construction of the solid RW using the results of measurements in 2021. The Fredholm equation was solved in two versions: under conditions of a barrier-free environment and taking into account buildings and structures located on the industrial site of the STS Andreeva Bay. Lorenz curves were generated to assess the compactness of the distributions of SAD and ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER) for the industrial site and the sheltering construction at STS Andreeva Bay, the area of the IV stage uranium tailing site near the city of Istiklol in the Republic of Tajikistan, and for roofs of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The nature of impact of the resolution (fragmentation) of the raster, the value of the radius of mutual influence of points (contamination sites), the height of the radiation detector above the scanned surface and the angular aperture of the radiation detector on the accuracy of the SAD reconstruction is shown. The method developed allows more accurate planning of decontamination work when only ADER measurements data is available. The proposed method can be applied to support the process of decontamination of radioactively contaminated territories, in particular during the remediation of the STS Andreeva Bay.
Study on fabrication of force transducer based on carbon nano-flake balls
Authors: Adiputra Richard , Chen Yi-Hung , Wu Shang-Ru , Vanko Gabriel , Andok Robert , Tsai Hung-Yin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fabricate a force sensor. A novel three-dimensional carbon-based material called a carbon nano-flake ball (CNFB) was used because it exhibits a large surface-area and high electrical conductivity. Moreover, CNFB can be easily fabricated using a one-step process via microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. In the present study, two different methods, chemical and mechanical exfoliation, were used to fabricate the CNFB thin films. CNFEs were successfully synthesized on the silicon-based composite substrate. The substrate was constructed by the Si, SiO2, and Al2O3, where Al2O3 played the role of the substrate for the force sensor while SiO2 was the interface layer and was removed in the process by hydrogen fluoride (HF) solution to separate Al2O3 from Silicon. The experiments showed that using sol–gel catalyst coating as pretreatment precursor, results in a larger ball-size but lower deposition density of CNFB on Al2O3 substrate. By using mechanical exfoliation by polyimide (PI) tape, the CNFB grown on silicon substrate can be easily exfoliated from the substrate. PI/CNFB was successfully exfoliated from the substrate with a silver-grey color at the bottom of the CNFB which is likely to be silicon carbide (SiC) from the energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. The sheet resistance of PI/CNFB was 18.3 ± 1.0 Ω sq.−1 PI/CNFB exhibits a good force sensing performance with good stability after 10 times of loading-unloading cycles and a good sensitivity of 11.6 Ω g−1.