bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear dynamic response analysis of a hybrid concrete‐filled steel tubular truss lightweight bridge under strong earthquakes
Authors: Huang Yufan , Chen Lingjie , Wu Qingxiong , Yuan Huihui , Chen Baochun , Nakamura Shozo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractConcrete‐filled steel tubular (CFST) trusses have seen recent development and application in bridges found in mountainous regions with deep valleys, and especially in seismic zones. In this study, a hybrid CFST truss lightweight bridge was selected as the research object. This bridge is composited of CFST composite truss girders (superstructure) and CFST lattice piers (substructure). Two different finite element models (FEM) for nonlinear seismic response analysis, one is detailed model and the other is simplified model, were established. By comparing with the detailed model, the results of the shaking table test as well as the real bridge test, the simplified model was found to be accurate. Considering the CFST columns' edge strain, the most unfavorable input direction of horizontal ground motion was perpendicular to the connection line of the bearings at both ends of the main girder. Also, the simultaneous influence of vertical ground motion and horizontal ground motion needs to be taken into consideration. By increasing the intensity of input ground motion, the yielding order of CFST lattice piers and its effect on the seismic response were also discussed. Results indicated that the bridge was in the elastic stage for the designed seismic ground motion. After the CFST lattice piers reached the plastic stage, the displacement and in‐plane bending moment had larger amplification coefficients compared to the increase coefficient of the input ground motion, while had a much smaller axial force amplification coefficient. Moreover, the in‐plane bending moment had a larger amplification coefficient in high piers compared to short piers.
Scaling method for small sized model testing of steel‐reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Yang Xu , Lu Wensheng , Ren Xiangxiang , Xue Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe shaking table testing method on small sized models is one of the most effective approaches to study the overall seismic performance of various structures. Effective design of the scale model based on a rational scaling method can ensure the reliability of the test results. In this paper, the scaling methods are summarized into three levels: material similarity, component similarity, and structure similarity. A scaling method for steel‐reinforced concrete composite structures is proposed based on the component similarity, and experiments are conducted to verify the proposed method. The results show the flexural bearing capacity error between the model columns and prototype columns is within 20%, and both their force‐displacement curves and failure modes are consistent, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the scaling method. A 1/25 scale model of a steel‐reinforced concrete composite structure is designed based on the proposed method and tested on a shaking table to evaluate the seismic performance of its prototype. This research aims to provide a reference for the scaling method for shaking table tests.
Social cues influence perception of others' pain
Authors: Zhang Lanlan , Wager Tor D. , Koban Leonie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurately perceiving other people's pain is important in both daily life and healthcare settings. However, judging other's pain is inherently difficult and can be biased by various social and cultural factors. Here, we examined whether perception of others' pain and pain management recommendations are socially influenced by seeing the opinions of other raters.MethodsIn Experiment 1 (N = 50), participants rated pictures depicting injured hands or feet of pre‐selected high, medium and low intensities. Each picture was preceded by cues indicating ratings of 10 previous participants. Cues were randomized to indicate low (SocialLOW) or high (SocialHIGH) pain judgements and were not predictive of actual normative pain intensity. In Experiment 2 (N = 209), participants viewed facial video clips of patients with chronic shoulder pain making painful movements. They estimated patients' pain intensity and provided pain management recommendations.ResultsExperiment 1 revealed that perceivers' pain estimates were significantly and substantially higher for stimuli following SocialHIGH than SocialLOW cues (Cohen's d = 1.26, p < 0.001) and paralleled by increased skin conductance responses. Experiment 2 replicated the effect of social cues on pain judgements (d = 0.58, p < 0.001). However, social cues did not influence post‐study pain management recommendations, potentially due to memory limitations.ConclusionsTogether, these studies reveal that judgements of others' pain are robustly modulated by information about others' opinions. Future research could test the prevalence and strength of such effects in clinical settings.SignificanceThe present study shows that even arbitrary opinions of other raters influence the perception of others' pain. This finding adds new insight into the growing evidence of social and cultural biases in pain estimation.
Sustainable supercapacitor with a natural rubber‐based electrolyte and natural graphite‐based electrodes
Authors: Perera Kumudu S. , Vidanapathirana Kamal P. , Adams Lewis J. , Balakrishnan Nilanthy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors are at the forefront of energy storage devices due to their ability to fulfill quick power requirements. However, safety and cost are important parameters for their real‐world applications. Green materials‐based electrodes and electrolytes can make them safer and cost‐effective. Herein, a supercapacitor based on a methyl‐grafted natural rubber/salt‐based electrolyte and natural graphite (NG)‐based electrodes are fabricated and characterized. Zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate [Zn(CF3SO3)2] is used as the salt for the electrolyte. A mixture of NG, activated charcoal, and polyvinylidenefluoride is used for electrodes. Our supercapacitor shows a single electrode specific capacitance, Csc of 4.2 Fg−1 from impedance measurement. Moreover, the capacitive and resistive features are dominant at low and high frequencies, respectively. The cyclic voltammetry test shows the dependence of Csc on the scan rate with a high value at slow scan rates. Performance of the supercapacitor during 5000 charge and discharge cycles at a constant current of 90 μA shows a rapid decrease of single electrode specific discharge capacitance at the beginning, but it starts to stabilize after about 2500 cycles. These findings are relevant to further developments of green materials‐based supercapacitors, offering opportunities to expand the functionalities of supercapacitors in green technologies.
Non‐destructive thickness measurement of optically scattering polymer films using image processing
Authors: McAllister Noah M. , Green‐Warren Robert A. , Arkhipov Maxim , Lee Jae‐Hwang , Pelegri Assimina A. , Singer Jonathan P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe establish a sample‐ and data‐processing pipeline that allows for high‐throughput optical microscope measurement of porous films, provided they are sufficiently optically scattering. Here, self‐limiting electrospray deposition (SLED) is used to manufacture scattering films of different morphologies. This technique compensates for the scattering of the films through background subtraction of the reflection image with the transmission image. This process is implemented through a combination of an ImageJ and MATLAB data pipeline; the Canny edge‐detector is used as the image‐processing algorithm to identify the boundaries of the film. This process is verified against manually measured images; a comparative study between cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy (where scattering effects are diminished) and optical microscopy also verifies that our optical microscopy technique can be used to consistently, non‐destructively measure film thickness regardless of film morphology. In addition, this technique can be used in combination with dense film measurements to measure film porosity.
Dynamic performance of structures with clutching inertia‐damping system: Theoretical study
Authors: Liang Qigang , Bai Xiaoyu , Yu Delei , Li Luyu , Ou Jinping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses performance limitations in passive clutching inertia devices due to the absence of flywheel deceleration damping. A solution introducing viscous damping to serve as the flywheel deceleration mechanism is proposed, thus forming the “CIDS” (Clutching Inertia‐Damping System). The study establishes a multi‐body motion analysis model for the CIDS within a single‐degree‐of‐freedom structure. Simulations investigate the impact of control force model parameters on the computation. The impact of additional damping on structural dynamic responses and the system's relative motion is thoroughly elucidated and revealed through dynamic simulations and multi‐body motion decomposition. The “ELS” (Equivalent Linear System) is introduced for the simplified performance assessment of CIDS. Expressions for equivalent damping and inertance are derived based on the equivalence of vibration period and energy in sinusoidal steady‐state vibration. The feasibility and accuracy of ELS for assessing CIDS's performance are validated through response analyses under harmonic and seismic excitations. Notably, displacement indicators exhibit higher precision than acceleration. When subjected to seismic excitation, selecting a more suitable excitation frequency to determine the corresponding equivalent damping can enhance the accuracy of ELS. Considering the frequency dependence of equivalent damping, a frequency‐domain‐based random response evaluation method is proposed. The influence of additional rotational damping, flywheel inertia, and structural natural period on random response is evaluated and analyzed. In CIDS with similar rotational damping and inertia, its control effect is related to the excitation. In summary, this study offers a structured framework for comprehending and evaluating the performance of CIDS, offering valuable insights into its potential engineering design, applications, and analysis.
Co‐generation and GHG emission from agricultural waste based on pyrolysis/gasification: Experimental and LCA approaches
Authors: Wang Shengnan , Cheng Jiangke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, co‐generation from rice straw based on pyrolysis and gasification was studied by experimental and modeling approaches. Pyrolysis experiment results show that improving pyrolysis temperature will benefit the yield of gas and bio‐oil, while reducing the yield of bio‐char. The BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller) surface area of bio‐char reached a maximum of 143.26 m2/g when the temperature was increased to 550°C. For co‐generation in this study, an optimized pyrolysis temperature of 500°C was selected. With respect to gasification, air equivalence ratio (ER) largely influenced the syngas yield and composition. At ER = 0.25, the concentration of H2 and CO reached a maximum of 17.8 wt% and 16.2 wt%. Based on the experimental results, an Aspen Plus model was built to evaluate the mass and energy balance during co‐generation. Furthermore, a life cycle assessment method was used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emission during co‐generation process initialed from rice straw planting. Results show that the greenhouse gas emission intensities of the two co‐generation systems were 2.92 and 3.51 g CO2/MJ respectively, which were much lower than traditional fossil fuels.
Cooperative optimal operation of hybrid energy integrated system considering multi‐objective dragonfly algorithm
Authors: Gope Sadhan , Roy Rakesh , Sharma Sharmistha , Dawn Subhojit , Reddy Galiveeti Hemakumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo meet the recent energy demand, hybrid energy systems (HESs) play an important role in providing more stable power as well as backup power to the grid. It is always preferable for the power system network to be operated in a secure, dependable, stable, and cost‐effective manner. The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is used to determine the ideal power system network control parameter settings. The majority of the OPF problem, fuel cost reduction is treated as an objective function, but the environmental impact of the generating is ignored. Both fuel expense and emission are treated as objective functions of the work in this case. This research describes a solution for multi‐objective optimal power flow (MOOPF) with a HES integrated conventional power system. HES in this work is made up of a wind park and a compressed air energy storage system (CAES). In this case, locational marginal pricing (LMP) is employed to determine the best location of HES in the power system. To achieve the goals of this work, the multi‐objective dragonfly algorithm (MODA) is used. The IEEE 30 bus system is used to evaluate the MODA. The MODA method findings are validated against other well‐known optimization algorithms such as the multi‐objective ant colony system (MOACS) algorithm, multi‐objective enhanced self‐adaptive differential evolution (MOESDE) algorithm, modified multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm‐based decomposition (MOEA/D), multi‐objective particle swarm algorithm (MOPOSO), and non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II).
Left‐digit biases: Individual and institutional investors
Authors: Yu Jinyoung , Kim Young‐Chul , Ryu Doojin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines the left‐digit bias of individual and institutional investors using the microstructural data set from a highly liquid index futures market. Both investor groups exhibit excess buying after the ask falls with a tens‐digit decrement, whereas excess selling (buying) is observed only for institutions (individuals) after the bid rises with a tens‐digit increment. Such excess buying is generally pronounced when price uncertainty is high. Institutional excess selling is evident when uncertainty is low and immediately after the market opens. While both investor groups focus on cognitive reference points, our findings imply that investors heterogeneously respond to the bias and that individuals experience investment losses as they trade on the bias.
Increasing health care providers' knowledge of tracheostomy and laryngectomy
Authors: Sykes John J. , Edwards Kaitlyn , Danan Deepa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe differences between tracheostomy and total laryngectomy are frequently misunderstood by healthcare professionals. Insufficient knowledge can potentially result in life‐threatening consequences in the event of an emergent airway situation.MethodsA seven‐question assessment of providers' anatomical knowledge and airway management was completed prior to and following a standardized one‐hour didactic lecture.ResultsForty‐six participants completed the pre‐ and post‐assessment. There were 20 (43.5%) ENT ICU/IMC Staff (EBU), 20 (43.5%) Florida Surgical Center Staff (FSC), and 6 (13%) Anesthesia providers (Anes). Pre‐lecture score average was 44.7% across all providers, significantly improving to 83.8% post‐lecture (p < 0.001). Nursing staff from the Otolaryngology ICU, and OR staff, had significant improvement in knowledge base (p < 0.001). Anesthesia providers showed improvement, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.052).ConclusionsDidactic lectures are a simple and low‐cost option with significant potential in improving provider knowledge on these critical topics and improve patient care by non‐otolaryngology providers.
Effects of different inhalant allergens on lung functions in adult patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Liu Jiangbo , Qian Xuejiao , Jie Xueyan , Jiang Ping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the effects of different types of inhalant allergens on the lung functions of adult patients with bronchial asthma.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included a total of 47 adults diagnosed with bronchial asthma at the Respiratory Outpatient Department of Tianjin First Central Hospital. Patients were divided into non‐sensitized and sensitized groups based on the number of positive allergens detected and classified into four groups (the dust mite mixed group, animal dander mixed group, pollen‐mixed group, and mold mixed group) based on the type of positive allergen detected. They were tested for the serum concentration of allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) using a fluorescence immunoassay analyzer, and lung function was assessed using a pulmonary function testing machine. One‐way analysis of variance was used to compare normally distributed data, while the rank sum test was utilized for non‐normally distributed data.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in lung function indicators between these two groups (p > .05). There were statistically significant differences in forced expiratory volume in one second as a percentage of the predicted value (FEV1%pred) (p = .028), FEV1/forced vital capacity as a percentage of the predicted value; (FVC%pred) (p = .016), peak expiratory flow as a percentage of the predicted value (PEF%pred) (p = .001), forced expiratory flow at 50% of the predicted value of forced vital capacity (FEF50%pred) (p = .003), forced expiratory flow at 75% of the predicted value of forced vital capacity (FEF75%pred) (p = .023), and maximal midexpiratory flow (MM)EF75/25%pred (p = .002) among the four groups. The pollen‐mixed group had higher PEF%pred (pollen vs. animal dander, p = .067; pollen vs. dust‐mites, p = .008; pollen vs. molds, p = .001) and MMEF75/25%pred (pollen vs. animal dander, p = .048; pollen vs. dust‐mites, p = .003; pollen vs. molds, p = .001) than the other three groups. The pollen‐mixed group had higher FEF50%pred than the dust‐mites mixed group (p = .008) and molds‐mixed group (p = .001). The pollen‐mixed group had higher FEF75%pred (p = .005), FEV1%pred (p = .001), and FEV1/FVC%pred (p = .001) than the molds‐mixed group.ConclusionDifferent inhalant allergens had different effects on lung functions in adults with asthma.
Vaccination willingness, vaccine hesitancy, and estimated coverage of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine among healthcare workers in Tanzania: A call for action
Authors: Kessy Suzan Joseph , Wei Tingting , Zhou Yiguo , Zhang Wan‐Xue , Alwy Al‐Beity Fadhlun M. , Zhang Shan‐Shan , Du Juan , Cui Fuqiang , Lu Qing‐Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe global COVID‐19 pandemic presented an immense obstacle to public health, with vaccination emerging as a crucial measure to curb transmission. This study aimed to evaluate the willingness, hesitancy, and coverage of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Tanzania and reveal their concerns about SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines and the reasons that might prevent them from getting vaccinated.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study using an anonymous online survey from October to November 2022. The multivariate logistic regression model explored the factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine willingness, hesitancy, and coverage.ResultsThe study included 560 HCWs, with the largest group being doctors (47.9%), followed by nurses (26.9%) and other HCWs (25.2%). A total of 70.5% of HCWs reported being vaccinated against SARS‐CoV‐2. The primary driver for SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination was collective responsibility. A total of 81.4% of HCWs reported being willing to accept SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines, while 62.5% of HCWs reported vaccine hesitancy. HCWs with higher educational qualifications were likelier to take the vaccine, while the respondents aged 18–30 years had the highest SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination refusal (71.9%). We also investigated the role of HCWs as a source of information to promote COVID‐19 vaccine uptake. 79.4% of HCWs provided information and advice on SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines.ConclusionTo increase vaccine acceptance among HCWs and the general population, targeted messaging is needed to deliver transparent information on vaccine safety, efficacy, and development.
Mechanism of Rhodiola rosea–Euonymus alatus drug pair against rheumatoid arthritis: Network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Zheng Qiu‐han , Du Lian‐yun , Zhao Ying , Zhang Zhong , Piao Song‐lan , Wang Ying‐hang , Pan Zhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed to explore the potential components and mechanisms of Rhodiola rosea–Euonymus alatus drug pair (TY) that ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThe main active components, core targets, and important pathways of TY against RA were predicted by network pharmacology analysis. The binding activity between the main active components and the core targets was verified by the molecular docking technique. Collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) rat model and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α‐induced fibroblast‐like synovial cells in human RA (HFLS‐RA) model were established, respectively. The core targets were verified by cell counting kit‐8 assay, hematoxylin eosin, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis, and the therapeutic effect of TY was evaluated.ResultsA total of 18 possible components and 34 core targets were obtained by network pharmacology, among which inflammatory response, phosphatidylinositide 3‐kinases (PI3K)‐AKT and MAPK pathways were involved in the therapeutic effect of TY on RA. The results of molecular docking showed that kaempferol and quercetin had high binding affinity to interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9, and TNF‐α. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that TY dose‐dependently inhibited the proliferation of HFLS‐RA cells induced by TNF‐α, and significantly reduced the paw swelling and arthritis scores in CIA rats. At the same time, TY inhibited the production of inflammatory factors in CIA rat serum and TNF‐α‐induced HFLS‐RA cells. It also decreased the expression of PI3K, phospho‐protein kinase B, MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, and increased the protein and mRNA levels of tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP)1 in synovial tissue.ConclusionTY can inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulate the balance between MMPs and TIMP, thus playing a therapeutic role in RA.
Number of embryos transferred could possibly be associated with angular pregnancy in in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer
Authors: Chen Panyu , Shao Danqi , Liu Xiaoping , Zhao Weie , Fang Cong , Li Manchao , Jia Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe probability of embryo implantation in an abnormal location is significantly higher in assisted reproductive technology (ART) than in natural pregnancies. Angular pregnancy is an eccentric intrauterine pregnancy with embryo implantation in the lateral superior angle of the uterine cavity. Cycle‐level factors associated with angular pregnancy in patients conceived with ART needed to be explored.MethodsA total of 11 336 clinical pregnancies cycles were included. Angular pregnancy rate was compared among groups according to the type of embryos transferred. Among them, 53 cases of angular pregnancy and 159 cases of normal intrauterine pregnancy were screened out using propensity score matching. Risk factors of angular pregnancy were explored.ResultsThe angular pregnancy rate was 0.31% (14/4572) in the day 5 blastocyst transfer group, 0.58% (39/6764) in non‐day 5 embryo transfer group, with 0.55% (29/5280) in day 3 embryo transfer and 0.67% (10/1484) in the day 6 blastocyst group, respectively. A multifactor regression analysis was performed and indicated that the number of embryos transferred was significantly associated with angular pregnancy (P = 0.031, OR, 2.23, 95% CI: 1.09–4.68).ConclusionMultiple embryo transfer could possibly be associated with an increased incidence of angular pregnancy in patients conceived with ART.