bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil Erosion Impacts on Crop Productivity and Its Implications on Food Security in Kechabira District, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Dofee Abera Abiyo , Goshu Firehiwot 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Soil erosion has influenced the environmental quality and agricultural productivity of the land. The household survey and combined geospatial techniques were applied to carry out the research. The SRTM digital elevation dataset was used for morphometric analysis of relief and drainage systems in the study area. Landsat 4-5-TM C2L2 images between 2005–2020 were applied for analysis of land use and land cover dynamics. Furthermore, FAO/USDA Soil map of the world was used for soil classification, and soil laboratory analysis was also taken place to find out the depletion of soil micronutrients by soil erosion. Results of morphometric analysis revealed that the topographic nature of the surface, slope gradient of the area, drainage feature of rivers and land use/land cover conditions of soil surface are found to be facilitating factors of soil erosion in the district. Most of the respondents also confirmed that over cultivation, cultivation of steep slopes, deforestation, over-grazing, unreliable soil management practices and poor agricultural techniques are the main causes for the prevalence of soil erosion in the study area. About 91% of the interviewed households have observed a decline in the productivity of land in their farm field. Similarly, the crop productivity per hectare for selected dominantly produced crops decreased over 5 cropping years between 2013–2017. According to soil laboratory analysis, the soil of the study area is characterized by moderately acidic, low category of OM and organic carbon content, low proportion of available phosphorus and very low to low range of total nitrogen. Most of the surveyed households are food insecure due to loss of agricultural productivity by soil erosion. It is recommended that combating the severity of the soil degradation problem by applying various soil management practices should be critically considered.
Effect of changes in household debt and debt service ratios on future growth
Authors: Marire Juniours 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For over a decade, South Africa has struggled with a zero-average economic growth rate, and literature identifies structural demand deficiency as a major cause of the problem. Literature indicates that South Africa follows a profit-led growth regime characterised by a falling wage share and capital intensification of production. Given these problems, can household debt play a role in stimulating economic growth? The paper examines the effect of the growth rate of household debt and the debt service ratios on economic growth. Using quantile regressions and quarterly data for 1975Q1 to 2023Q2, the paper examines the effect of the growth rate of the two ratios within three future growth horizons: four-quarters, 12-quarters, and 20-quarters. The future growth horizons capture the short-term, medium-term and long-term. The paper finds that changes in the growth rate of the household debt ratio positively affect economic growth in the three horizons, with a negative effect in the 20-quarters horizon only in the 9th quantile. Changes in the growth rate of the debt service ratio have entirely negative effects on economic growth. For both variables, the effects on future growth are largest in the lower half of the conditional future growth distributions.
JEL Codes: E21, E32, E44, E47, G51
Development of theranostics albumin auristatin conjugates for combining chemotherapy with boron neutron capture therapy
Authors: Wang Meiling , Moskalev Ivan A. , Zakharova Olga D. , Kasatova Anna I. , Silnikov Vladimir N. , Popova Tatyana V. , Godovikova Tatyana S. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Combining boron neutron capture therapy with chemotherapy can provide good therapy efficacy and is of great relevance today. In this study, we focused on serum albumin, a well-known drug delivery system, and developed homocysteine-functionalized boron albumin conjugate with chemotherapeutic molecules (monomethyl auristatin E, MMAE and auristatin F, MMAF). The new N-acylated homocysteine thiolactone bearing a cobalt bis(dicarbollide) derivative was used to create the fluorophore-albumin based construct. We report on the synthesis of a fluorophore-labeled boron-homocystamide conjugates of human serum albumin and their use in thiol-‘click’ chemistry to prepare a novel multifunctional constructs with the antitubulin agents MMAE or MMAF. We demonstrate that boron-equipped albumin conjugate with MMAE was more potent than MMAF conjugate, in the killing tumor cells. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the designed theranostics was not less than 0.034 µM relative to T98G glioma cells with the correlation coefficient not less than R = 0.88, and not less than 0.97 µM relative U 87 glioma cells with the correlation coefficient not less than R = 0.71.
Serum catestatin levels in patients with acne vulgaris: single-center prospective study
Authors: Yücesoy Sera Nur , Ak Tümay , Öner Sena , Serdaroğlu Server 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Recent studies showed that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. This study aims to investigate serum catestatin levels, one of the AMPs, in acne vulgaris patients and focuses on the change in serum levels after systemic isotretinoin therapy. 101 acne vulgaris patients and 28 healthy controls were included in this prospective study. Serum catestatin levels between acne vulgaris and control group patients were compared. Also, serum catestatin levels were measured again at the 24th week of isotretinoin therapy and compared with treatment onset. The serum catestatin levels in patients with acne vulgaris were found to be statistically higher than in the control group (p<0,001). In addition, serum catestatin levels were associated with the severity of acne vulgaris and significantly decreased after 24 weeks of systemic isotretinoin treatment. In conclusion, it can be proposed that increased inflammation and P. acnes colonization are the underlying reasons for high serum catestatin levels, and catestatin can be a potential therapeutic target in acne vulgaris. Future studies evaluating the levels of different AMPs in both skin samples and patients' sera are needed to establish their roles in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris and position them in the dermatology routine.
Independent and combined effects of smoking, drinking and depression on periodontal disease
Authors: Huang Yanqiu , Xu Jiani , Xu Yadan , Wang HuiLin , Shi Wentao , Wang Jie , Wang Hui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Periodontitis is a complex chronic inflammatory disease that is particularly associated with health-related behaviors such as smoking, excessive drinking and depression. This research aimed to investigate the interaction between these lifestyles factors on periodontitis risk.
Methods
This study included participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009–2014) having completed oral health-periodontal examination, Smoking-Cigarette Use Questionnaire, Alcohol Use Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire. Participants were then divided into three different subgroups: smoking-depression group, drinking-depression group, and smoking-drinking group. The logistic regression combined with interaction models were used to analyze the independent and combined effects of smoking, drinking and depression on periodontitis risk.
Results
Results showed that participants with both smoking behavior and depression had 58% higher risk of developing periodontitis than those without, particularly in elderly men. A dose-dependent J-shape relationship was first identified in the association between drinking-depression interaction and periodontitis risk. When living with depression, heavy drinkers (> 56 g/d) had an increased risk for developing periodontitis, whereas low drinkers (< 14 g/d) had a decreased risk.
Conclusion
These results supported the fact that there were interactive effects between smoking, drinking and depression on periodontitis risk and policies aimed at healthy behaviours and mental health may be beneficial for our oral health.
Numerical study of the dual stratification impacts on Micropolar Casson-Nanofluid flow over a stretchable Surface
Authors: Ali Ahmed Refaie , Rafique Khuram , Ahmad Shahzad , Alotaibi Hammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This analysis focuses on the flow of Casson-type micropolar nanofluid induced by a stretchable vertical surface. Energy and mass transport are investigated in this study. Furthermore, the impacts of double stratification (thermal and solutal) are considered. In addition, the transport equations incorporate Brownian motion and thermophoretic effects. The non-linear governing flow equations, along with associated boundary conditions, are transformed into dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using appropriate similarity variables. These ODEs are solved numerically using the Keller box scheme. This investigation aims to examine the influences of Casson parameter effects on the micro-rotations of nanofluid flow. A comparative study is conducted with available outcomes. The velocity of the liquid exhibits an inverse relationship with the Casson and magnetic factors. Moreover, the temperature and concentration distribution of the considered fluid show a decreasing trend with changes in thermal and solutal stratification. Meanwhile, the mixed convection factor exhibits a direct correlation with the liquid velocity.
A qualitative co-design-based approach to identify sources of distress and develop well-being strategies for cardiovascular nurses, allied health professionals, and physicians
Authors: Jelen Ahlexxi , Goldfarb Rebecca , Rosart Jennifer , Graham Leanna , Rubin Barry B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: Clinician distress is a multidimensional condition that includes burnout, decreased meaning in work, severe fatigue, poor work–life integration, reduced quality of life, and suicidal ideation. It has negatives impact on patients, providers, and healthcare systems. In this three-phase qualitative study, we identified workplace factors that drive clinician distress and co-developed intervention strategies with inter-professional cardiovascular clinicians to decrease their distress within a Canadian quaternary hospital network.
Methods: Between October and May 2022, we invited nurses, allied health professionals, and physicians to participate in a multi-phase qualitative and co-design approach. Phases 1 and 2 included individual interviews and focus groups to identify workplace factors contributing to distress. Phase 3 involved co-design workshops that brought together inter-professional clinicians to develop strategies addressing drivers of distress identified. Qualitative information was analyzed using deductive and inductive processes.
Results: Fifty-two clinicians (24 nurses, 11 allied health professionals, and 17 physicians) participated. Insights from Phases 1 and 2 identified five key drivers of distress: inter-professional support, joy in work, unsustainable workloads, learning and professional growth, and transparent leadership communication. Phase 3 co-design workshops yielded four potential strategies to mitigate clinician distress in the workplace including re-designing daily safety huddles, formalizing a nursing mentorship program, creating a value-add program newsletter, and implementing an employee experience platform.
Conclusion: This study increases our understanding on workplace factors that contribute to clinician distress, as shared by inter-professional clinicians specializing in cardiovascular care. Healthcare organizations can develop effective interventions to mitigate clinician distress by actively engaging clinicians in collaboratively designing tailored, practical strategies that directly address these challenges.
Generalizations of second-order pseudo-convexity functions for vector optimization problems under second-order symmetric duality
Authors: Kassem Mohamed Abd El-Hady 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work, we present new classes of second-order pseudo-convex functions and strong second-order pseudo-convex functions that generalize the second-order pseudo-convex functions. A pair of Mond-Weir type second-order symmetric duality multiple objective nonlinear programming problems formulate arbitrarily over these generalized second-order pseudo-convex functions. Furthermore, the weak, strong, and converse duality theorems are established and proven under these generalized second-order pseudo-convex functions. Finally, we present two nontrivial numerical examples to verify the results of the weak duality theorem and the strong duality theorem.
MS Classifications: 90-XX 90CXX 90C30 90C46 65K05 49M37 49N15
Performance Evaluation Of The Deep Learning System For Weed
Authors: Mosslah Abd , Mahdi Reyadh , Al-Barzinji Shokhan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Numerous approaches based on machine learning have emerged in recent years to enhance crop protection efficiency. One example is the utilisation of deep neural networks to differentiate between various weed types in actual event scenarios. Nevertheless, these methods often need substantial input from experts who work iteratively to design robust deep learning systems. To simplify such processes and conserve resources, researchers have explored a fresh method known as automated deep learning. the Our technology's recognition of weeds through the use of machine learning was evaluated using plant seedlings and weed collections from plants as a dataset to address the issue of weed recognition. The study compared various configurations, including plant segmentation, using a collection of classifiers in place of Softmax, and training with datasets that contain noise. The findings indicated ensuring performance, with F1-scores of 93.1% and 90.2% based on the dataset utilised. These results align with AutoML-linked studies while falling short of manually fine-tuned deep-learning-based systems created by human specialists. To conclude, exploring the potential of combining manual expert work and automated deep learning could be a promising direction for enhancing efficiency in plant defence.
A scoping review of mental health status in Australian medical students and doctors-in-training (DiT)
Authors: Ganes Anand , Sunder Priya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The study and practice of medicine is known to contribute to burnout in medical students and junior doctors. There exists limited data on the degree of mental health burden for Australian medical students and doctors-in-training (DiT)
Objectives
The aim of this scoping review is to explore the impact of medical training on mental health of Australian medical students and DiT. Exploring the mental health landscape across different stages of training will help establish putative factors underlying psychiatric co-morbidities in this demographic.
Methods
The JBI framework for scoping review was utilized, involving the PCC criteria to identify the target population group and to develop the search strategy.(1) Peer-reviewed articles, published in English from 2012 to 2022 focusing on Australian medical students’ and doctors-in-training mental health were considered.
Results
Of the 177 articles identified, 24 studies were included in the review. Majority of the studies focused on DiT (n = 19) of which interns and residents were most well represented (n = 12) followed by surgical training (n = 5), with general practice (GP) (n = 2) and physician specialities (nil) being poorly represented. Most studies were quantitative (n = 18), with qualitative studies(n = 6) being under-represented. Common mental health themes identified were overall psychologic distress, burnout and depression/suicidal ideation with workplace harassment and discrimination being poorly represented.
Conclusions
Australian DiT are not equally represented in the literature with regards to the implication of the different specialty training pathways on their mental health landscape. Most studies were cross-sectional, preventing a detailed longitudinal assessment of burnout and work associated psychologic distress. The contributions of workforce factors versus speciality training factors contribution to overall mental health burden in DiT remain unclear and further research is required in this area.
COVID-19 Reinfection in Healthcare Workers: An Original Comprehensive Longitudinal Study
Authors: Karimi Yeganeh , Abdollahi Arash , Ahmadi Seyyed Amir Yasin , Riahi Taghi , Kalantari Saeed , Nafissi Nahid , Shokri Sima , Baradaran Hamid Reza , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has perpetuated the global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the emergence of new cases. Healthcare workers (HCWs), given their heightened exposure to infected individuals, remain particularly susceptible to COVID-19 recurrence. The primary objective of this investigation was to explore the occupational risk factors contributing to COVID-19 recurrence among HCWs.
Methods
This longitudinal study was carried out in a specialized teaching hospital located in Tehran, Iran, approximately 20 months after the onset of the pandemic. HCWs were administered an online questionnaire specifically tailored to elicit information about their history of COVID-19 infections. Prediction modeling employed the use of generalized estimation equations.
Results
The study encompassed 601 HCWs, predominantly characterized by their female representation (60.2%), age bracket between 18 and 29 years (47.4%), and a notable absence of preexisting medical conditions or comorbidities (56.2%). This study revealed notable SARS-CoV-2 recurrence among HCWs, with 15% experiencing reinfection. Vaccination status had a significant influence on reinfection rates, precipitating a noteworthy reduction from 9.0% prevaccination to 1.4% post-initial dose and 5.0% following the second dose. In a comparative analysis, nurses exhibited more than a twofold increased risk of recurrence when juxtaposed against physicians and other HCWs. Furthermore, employment within a COVID-19 ward emerged as a substantial risk factor for reinfection. After adjusting for relevant risk factors within our predictive model, only occupation and working in COVID-19 wards emerged as statistically significant predictors in heightening the risk of reinfection.
Conclusion
This research underscores the escalated susceptibility of nurses, particularly those serving in COVID-19 wards. These findings have critical implications for the implementation of targeted interventions and enhanced infection control measures designed to safeguard HCWs effectively. Subsequent investigations should concentrate on larger prospective studies, delving further into the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 recurrence, thereby enabling the refinement of preventive strategies for this high-risk demographic.
Lie Symmetry and Exact Solution of Conformable Time Fractional Schamel-Korteweg-De Vries Equation
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Rajeev , Bansal Anupma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this current study, a systematic investigation is performed to derive symmetry reductions of conformable time-fractional Schamel-KdV equation via the Lie symmetry method. Using the obtained Lie point symmetries of nonlinear FPDEs the symmetry reduction is generated and utilized for the reduction into an ordinary differential equation. Some solutions of the reduced fractional ODEs are found with two straightforward methods to consider its traveling wave solution and series solutions, respectively. The method consists of the solutions which are trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational functions. Also, we presented some figures for the obtained explicit solutions.
AMS Math Subject Classification. 35Q53, 76M60, 83C15, 35C07.
Efficacy of Tooth Bleaching with 35% and 6% Hydrogen Peroxide in Primary Dentition: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Esteves Camilla Vieira , Sobral Ana Paula Taboada , Gonçalves Marcela Leticia Leal , Gimenez Thais , Gallo Juliana Maria Altavista Sagretti , Kobayashi-Velasco Solange , Neto Aloísio de Melo Farias , Altavista Olga Maria , Pinto Marcelo Mendes , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Motta Lara Jansiski , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The aesthetics of dental elements generates significant psychological and social impacts, both in primary and permanent dentition. One of the most employed techniques to visually improve the appearance of teeth is bleaching. In in-office whitening, the technique used consists of applying whitening gel to dental surfaces in concentrations ranging from 25–50% of hydrogen peroxide. However, recent studies showed that low and medium concentration bleaching agents based on hydrogen peroxide have been effective and present a lower risk of sensitivity to the patient. Thus, this work aims to carry out a controlled and randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of dental bleaching in primary teeth with hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of 35% and 6%.
Methods
In this study, 38 patients aged 3 to 6 years-old will be selected and allocated in 2 groups (G1 - Hydrogen Peroxide 35%, n = 19 and G2- Hydrogen Peroxide 6%, n = 19). Bleaching will be carried out in up to three sessions, with an interval of 7 days between each session. Evaluation of color and tooth sensitivity will be carried out 48 hours after each bleaching session. The color assessment will be measured with the aid of a digital spectrometer while the tooth sensitivity will be assessed by using the Pain Level Scale (Wong-Baker Faces®).
Discussion
It is expected that there will be no significant difference between the groups in terms of color variation and that the low concentration bleaching group will have the lowest sensitivity index.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05789004. Approval date on 14 August 2023.
Investigación en psicología positiva y su impacto en la comprensión de las capacidades humanas
Authors: Ruvalcaba Romero Norma , Tarragona Sáez Margarita 
Published: November 2023

En las últimas décadas, la investigación en Psicología Positiva ha realizado aportes relevantes al campo de la psicología y el comportamiento humano, entre los que se destacan una concepción más amplia y enriquecida de las posibilidades y capacidades de los individuos y de la sociedad, y con ella, una reflexión en torno a nociones como bienestar, florecimiento, calidad de vida y desarrollo humano. Además, ha propiciado el estudio de factores que contribuyen a la salud física y mental, y el diseño de intervenciones efectivas que favorecen dichos aspectos. Estos aportes se ven hoy reflejados en múltiples estudios y publicaciones[1] que, indudablemente, han contribuido al avance de la ciencia y al fortalecimiento de la formación de estudiantes, académicos y profesionales de la psicología y áreas afines.
[1] Un estudio bibliométrico encontró más de 4,000 publicaciones cientícias sobre psicología positiva entre 1999 y 2021 (Wang, F., Guo, J., & Yang, G. (2023). Study on positive psychology from 1999 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis. Frontiers in psychology, 14, 273.)