bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of commodity index trading in agricultural futures markets: a Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregressive (FAVAR) approach
Authors: Braeuel Felix , Thomassin Paul J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Commodity index trading in futures markets is a relatively new investment strategy whose consequences are not fully understood. This paper tests the hypothesis that long-only, passive index trading in agricultural futures markets influences futures prices. Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models are a common empirical research approach for analyzing index trading. Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregression (FAVAR) models are a new approach to analyzing index trading. FAVAR models can incorporate a large data set into the traditional VAR framework. Using a FAVAR model improves the analysis by including additional market factors relevant to futures price formation. Models were estimated for 13 agricultural commodities (corn, soybean, soybean oil, soybean meal, soft red winter wheat, hard red winter wheat, cotton, cocoa, sugar, coffee, live cattle, feeder cattle, and lean hog) from January 2006 to December 2022. The results demonstrate the added value of FAVAR models in explaining the dynamics between prices and index trading. The conclusions are similar to other findings that prices lead index positions; however, adding demand-related data through a FAVAR model allows for a better understanding of market dynamics.
Why the marketplace of ideas needs more markets
Authors: Chomanski Bartlomiej 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is frequently argued that false and misleading claims, spread primarily on social media, are a serious problem in need of urgent response. Current strategies to address the problem – relying on fact-checks, source labeling, limits on the visibility of certain claims, and, ultimately, content removals – face two serious shortcomings: they are ineffective and biased. Consequently, it is reasonable to want to seek alternatives. This paper provides one: to address the problems with misinformation, social media platforms should abandon third-party fact-checks and rely instead on user-driven prediction markets. This solution is likely less biased and more effective than currently implemented alternatives and, therefore, constitutes a superior way of tackling misinformation.
Una cocina para el procesamiento de Chenopodium quinoa Willd. en el poblado alto del pukara El Carmen 1, Tucumán, Argentina (ca. 1200-1450 dC)
Authors: Longo Agustina , López María Laura 
Published: January 2025

Resumen
El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el registro de Chenopodium recuperado en el poblado pukara El Carmen 1, sector centro-occidental del valle de Santa María, Tucumán (ca. 1200-1450 dC). Para ello se trabajó con una muestra de 310 macrorrestos provenientes de las excavaciones realizadas en el poblado alto (recinto 13, sector VI). El predominio y alta densidad de granos de Chenopodium quinoa Willd. y Chenopodium cf. quinoa Willd. con evidencias de procesamiento en la estructura de combustión, podría corresponder a prácticas de tostado y/o hidratación en el marco de preparaciones culinarias. La ubicación del recinto 13 en el espacio de mayor jerarquía dentro del sitio y su posición centralizada dentro del sector, sugieren la importancia de la quinoa para los habitantes del poblado y llevan a pensar en su rol en el marco de encuentros, ceremonias o eventos rituales en los que el procesamiento y la elaboración de comidas y/o bebidas adquieren importancia.
Time perception in bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Authors: Escelsior Andrea , Amadeo Maria Bianca , Inuggi Alberto , Guzzetti Margherita , Massalha Yara , Trabucco Alice , Marenco Giacomo , Pereira da Silva Beatriz , Gori Monica , Northoff Georg , Amore Mario , Serafini Gianluca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Time distortions characterise severe mental disorders, exhibiting different clinical and neurobiological manifestations. This systematic review aims to explore the existing literature encompassing experimental studies on time perception in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), considering psychopathological and cognitive correlates.

Methods:
Studies using an experimental paradigm to objectively measure the capacity to judge time have been searched for. Selected studies have been described based on whether i) explicit or implicit time perception was investigated, ii) the temporal intervals involved were sub-second or supra-second, and iii) a perceptual or motor timing paradigm was used.

Results:
Only 11 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The available literature shows that the performance of BD patients mostly aligns with controls within sub-second timeframes (six articles), while a different pattern emerges within supra-second intervals based on the clinical phase of the disease (seven articles). Specifically, for longer temporal spans, BD patients tend to overestimate the duration during manic states and underestimate it during depressive states. Notably, no studies have directly investigated the neurobiological mechanisms associated with time perception.

Conclusion:
This review indicates that BD patients exhibit time perception similar to controls within sub-second intervals, but tend to overestimate time and underestimate it based on the clinical phase within supra-second intervals. Expanding the understanding of time perception in BD, particularly in relation to clinical phases and cognitive function, is of great importance. Such insights could deepen our understanding of the disorder, refine diagnostic processes, and guide the development of innovative therapeutic interventions.
Measuring legislators’ ideological position in large chambers using pairwise-comparisons
Authors: Breunig Christian , Guinaudeau Benjamin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Our understanding of politics often relies on the ideological placement of political actors—ranging from scaling legislative roll-call voting in the United States to text-based classifications of political parties in Europe. A particularly thorny problem remains estimating individual positions in legislatures with strong partisan discipline. We improve upon recently developed measurement strategies and propose a novel approach for estimating legislators’ ideological positions: an expert survey in which respondents compare pairs of representatives on a left-right dimension. The innovation of our approach lies in the combination of four particular features. First, we rely on political youth leaders who are insightful and easy to recruit. Second, the rating task does not involve numeric scaling and consists of simple pairwise comparisons. Third, we efficiently and automatically detect informative comparisons to reduce the cost and length of the survey without compromising our estimates. Fourth, we use a Bayesian Davidson model with random effects to generate an ideological position for each legislator. As an empirical illustration, we estimate the placement of the 709 members of the 19th German Bundestag. Several validity tests show that our model captures variation within and across political parties. Our estimates offer a thorough benchmark to validate alternative measurement strategies. The presented measurement strategy is flexible and easily extendable to diverse political settings because it can capture comparisons among political actors across time and space.
Breakbulk Pasts and Containerized Futures: Submergent Histories on a Saltwater Frontier
Authors: Kahn Jeffrey S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article examines the history of Haitian-owned freighters that have been trading between Haiti and the Miami River since the 1970s, how this shipping economy became racialized in ways that marked it and the river with a “threatening” Haitian Blackness, and how local government agencies, real estate developers, and law enforcement officials worked to remake the aesthetics of the river as something other than Haitian and Black. Projects to re-racialize the riverway played with the spurious surface-and-subsurface spatial logic of racial discourses more generally—that is, the mistaken but widely-held belief that visible, physical markers of race reveal hidden capacities and propensities. Policing that pushed Haitian commerce into an economy of containerization—a race- and class-marked shipping technology on the river—allowed the Haiti trade to “pass” as non-Haitian on a gentrifying waterway. Law enforcement programs that seized and sank Haitian freighters to create artificial reefs off the Florida coast bluewashed the river’s surface and its ethnoracially coded, “polluting” vessels by transforming them into subsurface, “White” recreational ecologies. These processes reveal how politically fraught contests over racialization recruit layered material environments as part of larger projects of policing, re-racialization, and urban renewal. In exploring this history, the article pushes against arguments from some quarters for a “post-critical” turn by demonstrating that reflexive critique, with its focus on the hidden and the submerged, remains necessary for grasping the ways racialization processes operate through structures of material and discursive layering.
Exploring the language of Swedish social media: A contrastive corpus analysis
Authors: Coussé Evie , Adesam Yvonne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the language of social media by analyzing a selection of linguistic features in four corpora of Swedish social media available at Språkbanken Text: Blog mix, Familjeliv, Flashback, and Twitter. Previous research describes the language of these corpora as informal, spoken-like, unedited, non-standard, and innovative. Our corpus analysis confirms the informal and spoken-like nature of social media, while also showing that these traits are unevenly distributed across the various social media corpora and that they are also present in other traditional written corpora, such as novels. Our findings also reveal that the social media corpora show traits of involved and interactional language.
Exploring socio-economic inequalities in mental healthcare utilization in adults with self-reported psychological distress: a survey-registry linked cohort design
Authors: Muwonge J. J. , Dalman C. , Burström B. , Jablonska B. , Hollander A-C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Although individuals with lower socio-economic position (SEP) have a higher prevalence of mental health problems than others, there is no conclusive evidence on whether mental healthcare (MHC) is provided equitably. We investigated inequalities in MHC use among adults in Stockholm County (Sweden), and whether inequalities were moderated by self-reported psychological distress.

Methods
MHC use was examined in 31,433 individuals aged 18–64 years over a 6-month follow-up period, after responding to the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) in 2014 or the Kessler Six (K6) in 2021. Information on their MHC use and SEP indicators, education, and household income, were sourced from administrative registries. Logistic and negative binomial regression analyses were used to estimate inequalities in gained MHC access and frequency of outpatient visits, with psychological distress as a moderating variable.

Results
Individuals with lower education or income levels were more likely to gain access to MHC than those with high SEP, irrespective of distress levels. Education-related differences in gained MHC access diminished with increasing distress, from a 74% higher likelihood when reporting no distress (odds ratio, OR = 1.74 [95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.43–2.12]) to 30% when reporting severe distress (OR = 1.30 [0.98–1.72]). Comparable results were found for secondary care but not primary care i.e., lower education predicted reduced access to primary care in moderate-to-severe distress groups (e.g., OR = 0.63 [0.45–0.90]), and for physical but not digital services. Income-related differences in gained MHC access remained stable or increased with distress, especially for secondary care and physical services.

Among MHC users, we found marginal socio-economic differences in the frequency of outpatient visits, and these differences decreased with increasing distress. Yet, having only primary education with severe distress was associated with fewer outpatient visits compared with having post-secondary education (rate ratio, RR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.67–1.00). These inequities were especially evident among women and for visits to psychologists, counsellors, or psychotherapists.

Although lower-income groups used services more than others, they still had higher odds of not using services when reporting distress (i.e., those not in contact with services despite scoring ≥3 on the GHQ-12 or ≥8 on the K6; OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.15–1.40).

Conclusions
Overall, individuals with lower education and income used MHC services more than their counterparts with higher socio-economic status; however, low-educated individuals faced inequities in primary care and underutilized non-physician services such as visits to psychologists.
First Observation of Dominant Quasi‐Two‐Day Wave With Westward Zonal Wavenumber 3 at the December Solstice During Austral Summer: Links to Persistent Winter Stratopause Warming
Authors: Qin Yusong , Gu Sheng‐Yang , Dou Xiankang , Wei Yafei , Liu Yuxuan , Chen Hao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDuring the 2023/2024 austral summer, the quasi‐two‐day (QTDW) with westward zonal wavenumber 3 (W3) abnormally reached its maximum amplitude at the December solstice (22 December 2023) for the first time in 20 years of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations, while the strongest event during austral summer usually occurs ∼2–6 weeks after the December solstice (on average January 21). Diagnostic analysis reveals that the westward winds in the Southern (summer) Hemisphere were anomalously strong (maximum of ∼90 m/s) during December 2023, which significantly shortened the e‐folding time of QTDW‐W3, and additionally generated the QTDW‐W3 critical layers at the tropical summer stratopause from December 7. These two factors contributed to the earliest amplification of QTDW‐W3. In essence, the cold equatorial stratosphere triggered the exceptionally strong westward winds in the Southern Hemisphere via thermal wind balance, which was related to the enhanced upward middle‐atmosphere Hadley circulation during a prolonged Arctic stratopause warming event.
Regulatory non-coding somatic mutations as drivers of neuroblastoma
Authors: Montella Annalaura , Tirelli Matilde , Lasorsa Vito Alessandro , Aievola Vincenzo , Cerbone Vincenza , Manganiello Rosa , Iolascon Achille , Capasso Mario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Emerging evidence suggests that non-coding somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in cis-regulatory elements (CREs) contribute to cancer by disrupting gene expression networks. However, the role of non-coding SNVs in cancer, particularly neuroblastoma, remains largely unclear.

Methods
SNVs effect on CREs activity was evaluated by luciferase assays. Motif analysis and ChIP-qPCR experiments were employed to reveal the transcription factors (TFs) involved in these processes. We exploited CRISPR-Cas9 experiments to elucidate the role of these SNVs on the CREs target genes expression. Cell proliferation and invasion assays were performed to assess their role in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis.

Results
Our findings demonstrate that non-coding SNVs modify the transcriptional activity of two CREs altering the binding of STAT3 and SIN3A. Therefore, these SNVs reduce the expression of CTTNBP2 and MCF2L. We demonstrate that these two genes act as tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. These pathogenetic SNVs may serve as oncogenic drivers by impairing the transcriptional programs essential for neuronal development and differentiation in which both the investigated TFs and target genes are involved.

Conclusion
Overall, the understanding of the functional role of non-coding variants elucidates their impact on tumorigenesis and can uncover new potential targets of cancer therapeutic strategies.
Investigating the association between human brainstem microstructural integrity and hypertension using magnetic resonance relaxometry
Authors: Laporte John P. , Akhonda Mohammad A. B. S. , Cortina Luis E. , Faulkner Mary E. , Gong Zhaoyuan , Guo Alex , Bae Jonghyun , Fox Noam Y. , Zhang Nathan , Bergeron Christopher M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Egan Josephine M. , Bouhrara Mustapha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The brainstem plays a vital role in regulating blood pressure, and disruptions to its neural pathways have been linked to hypertension. However, it remains unclear whether subtle microstructural changes in the brainstem are associated with an individual’s blood pressure status. This exploratory, cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between brainstem microstructure, myelination, and hypertensive status in 116 cognitively unimpaired adults (aged 22–94 years). Advanced MRI techniques, including relaxometry (R1, R2) and myelin water fraction (MWF) analysis, were employed to assess microstructural integrity and myelin content in ten brainstem subregions. Our results revealed significant associations between higher microstructural damage or lower myelin content (indicated by lower R1, R2, or MWF values) and hypertensive status, particularly in the midbrain tegmentum. Notably, combining these MRI metrics yielded high classification accuracy (AUC > 0.85). Our findings suggest a potential link between disrupted brainstem tissue integrity, myelin content, and elevated blood pressure, warranting further longitudinal investigations to explore this relationship.
Cell-free expression and SMA copolymer encapsulation of a functional receptor tyrosine kinase disease variant, FGFR3-TACC3
Authors: Snow Alexander J. D. , Wijesiriwardena Tharushi , Lane Benjamin J. , Farrell Brendan , Dowdle Polly C. , Katan Matilda , Muench Stephen P. , Breeze Alexander L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite their high clinical relevance, obtaining structural and biophysical data on transmembrane proteins has been hindered by challenges involved in their expression and extraction in a homogeneous, functionally-active form. The inherent enzymatic activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) presents additional challenges. Oncogenic fusions of RTKs with heterologous partners represent a particularly difficult-to-express protein subtype due to their high flexibility, aggregation propensity and the lack of a known method for extraction within the native lipid environment. One such protein is the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 fused with transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (FGFR3-TACC3), which has failed to express to sufficient quality or functionality in traditional expression systems. Cell-free protein expression (CFPE) is a burgeoning arm of synthetic biology, enabling the rapid and efficient generation of recombinant proteins. This platform is characterised by utilising an optimised solution of cellular machinery to facilitate protein synthesis in vitro. In doing so, CFPE can act as a surrogate system for a range of proteins that are otherwise difficult to express through traditional host cell-based approaches. Here, functional FGFR3-TACC3 was expressed through a novel cell-free expression system in under 48 h. The resultant protein was reconstituted using SMA copolymers with a specific yield of 300 µg/mL of lysate. Functionally, the protein demonstrated significant kinase domain phosphorylation (t < 0.0001). Currently, there is no published, high-resolution structure of any full-length RTK. These findings form a promising foundation for future research on oncogenic RTKs and the application of cell-free systems for synthesising functional membrane proteins.
Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles induce cell death, genomic instability, oxidative stress and apoptotic gene dysregulation on human HepG2 cells
Authors: Mohamed Hanan R. H. , Ibrahim Esraa H. , Shaheen Shahd E. E. , Hussein Nesma O. E. , Diab Ayman , Safwat Gehan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles (Ca(OH)2NPs) possess potent antimicrobial activities and unique physical and chemical properties, making them valuable across various fields. However, limited information exists regarding their effects on genomic DNA integrity and their potential to induce apoptosis in normal and cancerous human cell lines. This study thus aimed to evaluate the impact of Ca(OH)2NPs on cell viability, genomic DNA integrity, and oxidative stress induction in human normal skin fibroblasts (HSF) and cancerous hepatic (HepG2) cells. Cell viability and genomic DNA stability were assessed using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and alkaline comet assay, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured using 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, while the expression level of apoptosis-related genes (p53, Bax, and Bcl-2) were quantified using real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The SRB cytotoxicity assay revealed that a 48-hour exposure to Ca(OH)2NPs caused concentration-dependent cell death and proliferation inhibition in both HSF and HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 271.93 µg/mL for HSF and 291.8 µg/mL for HepG2 cells. Treatment with the IC50 concentration of Ca(OH)2NPs selectively induced significant DNA damage, excessive ROS generation, and marked dysregulation of apoptotic (p53 and Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) gene expression in HepG2 cells, triggering apoptosis. In contrast, exposure of HSF cells to the IC50 concentration of Ca(OH)2NPs caused no significant changes in genomic DNA integrity, ROS generation, or apoptotic gene expression. These findings indicate that Ca(OH)2NPs exhibit concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in both normal HSF and cancerous HepG2 cells. However, exposure to the IC50 concentration was non-genotoxic to normal HSF cells while selectively inducing genotoxicity and apoptosis in HepG2 cancer cells through DNA breaks and ROS-mediated mechanisms. Further studies are required to explore the biological and toxicological properties and therapeutic potential of Ca(OH)2NPs in hepatic cancer treatment.
Identification of candidate genes involved in Zika virus-induced reversible paralysis of mice
Authors: Morrey John D. , Siddharthan Venkatraman , Wang Hong , Oliveira Alexandre L. R. , Susuki Keiichiro , Kaundal Rakesh , Freeman Sara M. , Thomas Aaron J. , Duhan Naveen , Corry Nathan G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes a variety of peripheral and central nervous system complications leading to neurological symptoms such as limb weakness. We used a mouse model to identify candidate genes potentially involved in causation or recovery from ZIKV-induced acute flaccid paralysis. Using Zikv and Chat chromogenic and fluorescence in situ RNA hybridization, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and ZIKV RT-qPCR, we determined that some paralyzed mice had infected motor neurons, but motor neurons are not reduced in number and the infection was not present in all paralyzed mice; hence infection of motor neurons were not strongly correlated with paralysis. Consequently, paralysis was probably caused by by-stander effects. To address this, we performed bioinformatics analysis on spinal cord RNA to identify 2058 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were altered during paralysis and then normalized after paralysis. Of these “biphasic” DEGs, 951 were up-regulated and 1107 were down-regulated during paralysis, followed by recovery. To refine the search for candidate DEGs we used gene ontology analysis and RT-qPCR to select 3 DEGs that could be involved with the node of Ranvier function and 5 DEGs that could be involved with synaptic function. Among these, SparcL1:Sparc DEG ratios were identified to be inversely correlated with ZIKV-induced paralysis, which is consistent with the known function of SPARC protein to antagonize the synaptogenesis of SPARCL1. Ank3, Sptbn1, and Epb41l3 affecting the structures at and near the nodes of Ranvier were significantly downregulated during ZIKV-induced paralysis. The primary contribution is the identification of 8 candidate genes that may be involved in the causation or recovery of ZIKV-induced paralysis.