bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability response assessment of steel thin-walled open-top tanks subjected to local support edge settlement
Authors: Naseri Hamid , Zirakian Tadeh , Showkati Hossein 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Vertical cylindrical welded steel tanks are typical thin-walled structures that are very susceptible to buckling under settlement. The major concern in the design of these thin-walled structures is buckling failure. On this basis and by considering the findings of the previously reported research works, the stability performance of open-top steel tanks with various industrial applications under local support edge settlement is further investigated in this paper. This study aims to contribute to the current state-of-the-art in the design and retrofit of such thin-walled structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The buckling behaviors of numerous cylindrical shell models with various height-to-radius, radius-to-thickness and settlement span ratios are investigated through linear and nonlinear buckling analyses. The effects of addition of a top stiffening ring on the buckling behavior of cylindrical steel tanks are studied as well.

Findings
This parametric study demonstrates that the choice of the height-to-radius, radius-to-thickness and settlement span ratios as well as addition of the top stiffening ring can be quite effective on the stiffness and strength performances, deformations and stress distribution as well as intensity of vertical cylindrical welded steel tanks subjected to local support edge settlement.

Originality/value
This research endeavor was formulated on the basis of a comprehensive literature survey and demonstrates the relationship between geometrical as well as stiffening features and buckling stability performance of open-top tanks subjected to local support edge settlement and also provides practical recommendations for design and retrofit purposes.
Recruitment limitation of early‐ and late‐flowering grassland forbs can be overcome with transplanting in prairie restorations
Authors: Deever Daniel T. , Soley Nathan M. , Fullin Katy , Wilsey Brian J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne important goal in prairie restorations is to have forb species that flower throughout the growing season (i.e. a range of flowering phenology). We conducted an experiment to test whether three early‐ and three late‐flowering forb species are seed or recruitment limited, if mowing can influence this limitation, and if forb additions will impact overall plant diversity in ongoing restorations.The experiment was conducted at two restorations in northern Iowa and one in southern Minnesota, USA, using a split‐plot design. Whole plots tested the effect of mowing, and subplots tested the effect of target forbs being added as seeds or small transplants at varied richness levels (0, 1, 3 or 6 species added). Control plots received no forb additions. To compare establishment success, we estimated target species biomass, survivorship and per cent cover of target species across 3 years (2019–2021). Plant diversity measures (richness, inverse Simpson's diversity) were estimated within subplots to determine whether forb additions impacted diversity.Biomass and relative abundance of early‐ and late‐flowering forbs was much higher when they were added as transplants than when added as seeds. Survivorship across life stages indicated that the transition from seed to adult had lower survivorship probabilities (0.6%) than the transition from transplant (juvenile) to adult (75%).Plant diversity of these ongoing restorations was higher when target forbs were added compared to controls. Diversity was higher when target forbs were transplanted (8.4 species/plot and inverse Simpson's diversity of 4.0) than when they were seeded (7.6 species/plot and inverse Simpson's diversity of 3.8). Early‐flowering treatments increased diversity more than late‐flowering treatments, and diversity increased linearly with the number of forb species added.Mowed and unmowed plots had similar levels of target species establishment and plant diversity.Synthesis and applications: Our results indicate that early‐ and late‐flowering species are more recruitment limited than seed limited and that diversity is lower when these species are missing in restorations. We recommend transplanting a rich mix of early‐ and late‐flowering forbs to increase their biomass and ensure that flowering occurs throughout the growing season.
Ecosystem service trade‐offs resulting from woody plant removal vary with biome, encroachment stage and removal method
Authors: Ding Jingyi , Eldridge David J. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Plant removal is used widely to restore systems encroached by woody plants and to improve ecosystem health and human well‐being. However, the effects of removal are rarely consistent, with a mixture of positive and negative outcomes for ecosystems, making it difficult to develop consistent prescriptions for achieving sustainable management of woody dominated systems.

We complied a global database of 5086 records on the impacts of woody plant removal from 204 studies to explore where (biome; grassland, savanna, shrubland, woodland), when (encroachment stage; low, medium, high encroachment) and how (removal method; physical, chemical, browsing, burning, multiple removal techniques) woody plant removal would affect eight ecosystem services (forage value, soil stability, hydrological regulation, nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, animal diversity, plant diversity and primary productivity).

Removing woody plants in grasslands enhanced forage value, but woody removal in shrublands reduced hydrological regulation. Conversely, chemical removal enhanced hydrological regulation and forage value, but at the expense of plant diversity. In grasslands, interactions between encroachment stage and removal method also regulated service responses, with burning enhancing nutrient cycling under low encroachment, but reducing it in heavily encroached stands. The effectiveness of removal in promoting ecosystem services varied with removal method, with burning suppressing the long‐term effectiveness on carbon sequestration, but browsing exacerbating the negative effect on soil stability.

Synthesis and applications. Our study demonstrates that, overall, different conditions of woody plant removal (biome, encroachment stage, removal method) result in different outcomes and trade‐offs in ecosystem services, with no condition maximising all services. The results highlights the importance of designing a specific management plan for promoting target ecosystem services. It provides a basis for making sound decisions about how to optimise the benefits of woody removal programmes on critical ecosystem services.
Investment Policy Impacts on the Australian Aboriginal Art Market
Authors: Lye Jenny , Hirschberg Joe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLegislation designed for one purpose may have unrelated side effects. In this article we examine the impact of recent changes in the application of the sole purpose test for artworks to be used as assets in retirement funds on the Australian Aboriginal art market. This is important since art sales represent a significant source of non‐government income for remote Australian Aboriginal communities. In this article we estimate the impact of this change and others on the price index based on the hammer prices paid for 13,555 works by 187 artists at art auctions from 1994 to 2019.
The early determinants of career choices for medical students following an obstetrics and gynaecology placement: Mixed methods study
Authors: Sein Eleanor , Belsi Athina , Morgenstern Christian , Terzidou Vasso , Patel Roshni R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the impact of attending a clinical placement in considering a career in obstetrics and gynaecology.DesignMixed methods study.SettingLondon Medical School.PopulationFifth year medical students attending a clinical placement in obstetrics and gynaecology.MethodsBetween January 2021 and January 2022, questionnaires were used and semi‐structured focus groups conducted, which were audio‐recorded. Descriptive statistics were conducted and a framework analysis on transcribed focus groups.Main outcome measureThe impact of the clinical placement on career choice.ResultsSix main themes were identified from the analysis; three contributing to considering a career in obstetrics and gynaecology; pregnancy is not an illness, extraordinary experience of observing childbirth and variable specialty and three themes emerged contributing to not considering a career; lack of work–life balance, high stakes specialty and the emotional toll. Even at an undergraduate level, medical students exhibited concerns about the long‐term feasibility of achieving work–life balance and avoiding professional burnout, which was partly attributed to the responsibility of looking after both the woman and their baby.ConclusionsObstetrics and gynaecology is perceived as an exciting and variable speciality by medical students. Students’ experiences on the labour ward during a clinical placement appear to contribute to the consideration of a career in obstetrics and gynaecology. Students should be given opportunities to discuss their concerns about obstetrics, particularly over the potential psychological impact of adverse/traumatic birth events. It is crucial to provide a realistic introduction to obstetrics, to recruit enthusiastic junior doctors who will be resilient to the pressures of the speciality, to avoid burnout and minimise attrition rates.
Association of methylation risk score with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nested case–control study
Authors: Huo Weifeng , Hu Huifang , Li Tianze , Yuan Lijun , Zhang Jinli , Feng Yifei , Wu Yuying , Fu Xueru , Ke Yamin , Wang Mengmeng , Zhang Wenkai , Wang Longkang , Chen Yaobing , Gao Yajuan , Li Xi , Liu Jiong , Huang Zelin , Hu Fulan , Zhang Ming , Sun Liang , Hu Dongsheng , Zhao Yang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the association of methylation risk score (MRS) and its interactions with environmental factors with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk.MethodsWe conducted a nested case–control study with 241 onset cases and 241 matched controls. Conditional logistic regression models were employed to identify risk CpG sites. Simple and weighted MRSs were constructed based on the methylation levels of ATP‐binding cassette G1 gene, fat mass and obesity associated gene, potassium voltage‐gated channel member 1 gene, and thioredoxin‐interacting protein gene previously associated with T2DM to estimate the association of MRS with T2DM risk. Stratified analyses were used to investigate interactions between MRS and environmental factors.ResultsA total of 10 CpG loci were identified from the aforementioned genes to calculate MRS. After controlling for potential confounding factors, taking tertile 1 as reference, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for T2DM of tertile 3 was 2.39 (1.36–4.20) for simple MRS and 2.59 (1.45–4.63) for weighted MRS. With per SD score increment in MRS, the OR (95% CI) was 1.66 (1.29–2.14) and 1.60 (1.24–2.08) for simple and weighted MRSs, respectively. J‐curved associations were observed between both simple and weighted MRSs and T2DM risks. Additionally, multiplication interactions for smoking and hypertension with simple MRS on the risk of T2DM were found, similarly for smoking and obesity with weighted MRS on the risk of T2DM (all Pinteraction < .05).ConclusionElevated simple and weighted MRSs were associated with increased risk of T2DM. Environmental risk factors may influence the association between MRS and T2DM.image
Information content of credit rating affirmations
Authors: Jung Boochun , Kausar Asad , Kim Byungki , Park You‐il , Zhou Jian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe examine the economic determinants and informational effects of credit rating affirmations (i.e., the reiteration of past credit ratings) for a sample of US public firms from 1995 to 2020. We find that credit rating affirmations typically follow major corporate events and changes in firm fundamentals that increase information uncertainty about a firm's creditworthiness, suggesting that affirmations reduce uncertainty. We further document that rating affirmations provide value‐relevant information to equity and debt investors. Using a short‐window event study method, we show that equity investors react positively to rating affirmations and that information uncertainty around affirmations diminishes. These findings are more pronounced for firms with non‐investment‐grade ratings. We further show that our results strengthen for firms with greater pre‐affirmation information uncertainty. Finally, consistent with our information uncertainty reduction results from the stock market, we report that bond yield spreads decrease for affirmed firms. Again, the effect is more pronounced for firms with non‐investment‐grade ratings. In summary, we highlight the significant capital markets' effects of credit rating affirmations, an area that the literature has largely ignored.
Does corporate ESG disclosure enhance investor relationship management? Evidence from China
Authors: Liang Xinye , Cao Peng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the enhancing effect of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure on investor relations management (IRM). The better the ESG disclosure, the higher the level of IRM. furthermore, this enhancement is achieved by reducing information asymmetry, improving information dissemination efficiency, and attracting investors attention, and it is more prominent in a sound institutional environment and a concentrated shareholding structure. Moreover, institutional investors show greater receptivity to ESG‐driven IRM compared to individual investors. Finally, we indicate that IRM is enhanced by ESG disclosure, ultimately fostering high‐quality corporate development. These findings provide valuable insights for promoting the standardisation of ESG disclosure and optimising IRM practices.
Detection of the separated endodontic instrument on periapical radiographs using a deep learning‐based convolutional neural network algorithm
Authors: Özbay Yağız , Kazangirler Buse Yaren , Özcan Caner , Pekince Adem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study evaluated the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence system to detect separated endodontic instruments on periapical radiograph radiographs. Three hundred seven periapical radiographs were collected and divided into 222 for training and 85 for testing to be fed to the Mask R‐CNN model. Periapical radiographs were assigned to the training and test set and labelled on the DentiAssist labeling platform. Labelled polygonal objects had their bounding boxes automatically generated by the DentiAssist system. Fractured instruments were classified and segmented. As a result of the proposed method, the mean average precision (mAP) metric was 98.809%, the precision value was 95.238, while the recall reached 98.765 and the f1 score 96.969%. The threshold value of 80% was chosen for the bounding boxes working with the Intersection over Union (IoU) technique. The Mask R‐CNN distinguished separated endodontic instruments on periapical radiographs.
Brief report: The influence of childhood trauma on the effects of delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol in persons with opioid use disorder
Authors: Rogan Michael , Nunes Julio C. , Xie Catherine Z. , Sofuoglu Mehmet , Pittman Brian , De Aquino Joao P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChildhood trauma (CT) increases addiction vulnerability. We examined CT's impact on delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) effects.MethodsThis is a post‐hoc analysis of a randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial investigating the effects of oral THC (10, 20 mg) among 25 persons receiving methadone for opioid use disorder (OUD).ResultsGreater CT was associated with lower aversive effects from higher THC doses (20 mg) (p = .006).Discussion and ConclusionsCT may reduce the subjective aversive effects of THC, potentially leading to greater cannabis use in individuals with OUD.Scientific SignificanceThese findings offer insights into THC's risks versus benefits in OUD subgroups and emphasize assessing CT in OUD treatment and research.
Improving Retirement Coverage Durability with Target Volatility Strategy for Changing Interest Rate Environment
Authors: Bai Zefeng , Steblovskaya Victoria , Wallbaum Kai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivated by the recent market turbulence triggered by the COVID‐19 pandemic and the changing interest rate environment, we propose an improved investment strategy for extending retirement coverage in the pension decumulation stage. The newly proposed strategy with interest rate dependent volatility targets can significantly improve the durability of conventional retirement portfolios with constant risky and risk‐free asset allocations. This conclusion follows from our analysis in the simulated financial market with stochastic interest rate and stochastic volatility, based on the Hybrid Heston‐Vasicek model. Consequently, the proposed target volatility strategy could be a suitable option for more reliable retirement coverage after retirement.
An underutilised resource: The evolving role of clinical nurses contributing to rural health research
Authors: Clayden Suzanne , Beks Hannah , Alston Laura , Versace Vincent 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimWe aim to discuss the advantages of supporting clinical nurses' involvement in place‐based research in rural health services.ContextAustralian health services are currently struggling with increased demand in services from an aging population, chronic diseases and nursing workforce shortages. This impact is amplified in rural and remote regions of Australia.ApproachInvestment in place‐based clinical nursing research provides opportunity for nursing recruitment, career and leadership development, and retention, while addressing local health issues and creating pathways for implementation of evidence‐based practice.ConclusionCollaboration between rural health services, universities, policy makers and the Rural Health Multidisciplinary Training program will enable the opportunity for establishment and ongoing development of strong research programs in rural health services to address local health issues and workforce needs.
Effect of seaweed feeding before calving on colostral IgA concentration in Japanese Black cows
Authors: Yamanaka Maho , Sanada Ayuka , Nakagawa Toshinori , Sato Katsuyoshi , Watanabe Jun , Yokoo Masaki , Hirayama Takuji 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of feeding seaweed to Japanese Black cows before calving on IgA concentrations in colostrum. Seven Japanese Black breeding cows were used as test animals, with three cows in the seaweed‐fed group (seaweed group) and four in the seaweed‐non‐fed group (control group). Each cow was fed 6 kg of sudangrass hay and 2.5 kg of compound feed twice daily (09:00 a.m. and 04:00 p.m.) as basal diets. Both groups had free access to water. In the seaweed group, commercially available seaweed feed was fed from 2 months before calving until the day of calving. The seaweed of 150 g/head/day was added to the basal diet at the morning feeding. Colostrum collected immediately after calving was used to measure IgA concentrations by ELISA. The IgA concentration in colostrum was significantly higher in the seaweed group than in the control group (P < 0.05). This suggested that feeding seaweed to Japanese Black cows before calving may increase IgA concentration in colostrum.
Domain‐specific knowledge and domain‐general abilities in children's science problem‐solving
Authors: Schäfer Jonas , Reuter Timo , Karbach Julia , Leuchter Miriam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundProblem‐solving in early and middle childhood is of high relevance for cognitive developmental research and educational support. Previous research on science problem‐solving has focussed on the process and strategies of children handling challenging tasks, but less on providing insights into the cognitive network that enables science problem‐solving.AimsIn this study, we aimed to investigate whether performance in science problem‐solving is mainly determined by domain‐specific rule knowledge, by domain‐general cognitive abilities or both.MethodsIn our study, 215 6‐ to 8‐year‐old children completed a set of three domain‐specific rule knowledge tasks and three corresponding problem‐solving tasks that were content‐coherent, as well as a vocabulary task, and a reasoning task.ResultsCorrelational and regression analyses revealed a negligible impact of domain‐specific rule knowledge on corresponding problem‐solving tasks. In contrast, the associations between problem‐solving performance in different domains and the associations between problem‐solving performance and domain‐general abilities (vocabulary and reasoning) were comparably strong.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that science problem‐solving in primary school children primarily relies on domain‐general cognitive abilities. Implications of these findings are discussed with regard to cognitive theories and early science education.