bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface‐Engineered Nanomaterials for Optical Array Based Sensing
Authors: Behera Pradipta , De Mrinmoy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArray based sensing governed by optical methods provides fast and economic way for detection of wide variety of analytes where the ideality of detection processes depends on the sensor element‘s versatile mode of interaction with multiple analytes in an unbiased manner. This can be achieved by either the receptor unit having multiple recognition moiety, or their surface property should possess tuning ability upon fabrication called surface engineering. Nanomaterials have a high surface to volume ratio, making them viable candidates for molecule recognition through surface adsorption phenomena, which makes it ideal to meet the above requirements. Most crucially, by engineering a nanomaterial's surface, one may produce cross‐reactive responses for a variety of analytes while focusing solely on a single nanomaterial. Depending on the nature of receptor elements, in the last decade the array‐based sensing has been considering as multimodal detection platform which operates through various pathway including single channel, multichannel, binding and indicator displacement assay, sequential ON‐OFF sensing, enzyme amplified and nanozyme based sensing etc. In this review we will deliver the working principle for Array‐based sensing by using various nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanodots and self‐assembled nanomaterials and their surface functionality for suitable molecular recognition.
The context dependency of fish‐habitat associations in separated karst ecoregions
Authors: Swedberg Dusty A. , Mollenhauer Robert , Brewer Shannon K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFish populations may be isolated via natural conditions in geographically separated ecoregions. Although reconnecting these populations is not a management goal, we need to understand how these populations persist across landscapes to develop meaningful conservation actions, particularly for species occupying sensitive karst ecosystems. Our study objective was to determine the physicochemical factors related to the occurrence of four spring‐associated fishes. Arbuckle Uplift and Ozark Highlands ecoregions, USA. We used a hierarchical approach to identify habitat relationships at multiple spatial scales. We collected detection data using snorkeling and seining. We examined the physicochemical relationships related to the detection and occurrence of four spring‐associated fishes using occupancy modeling in a Bayesian framework. We found physicochemical relationships that differed and were similar between ecoregions for several fishes. For three species, we found different water temperature relationships between ecoregions. Smallmouth bass were ubiquitous in their use of drainage areas in the Ozark Highlands but only associated with the lower network of the Arbuckle Uplift. There were several mirrored relationships between ecoregions, including an interaction between residual pool depth and water temperature, where sites with deeper pools were more likely to be occupied during warmer water temperatures. There were single‐species occurrence relationships with percent vegetation and percent agriculture. Lastly, snorkeling was a more efficient sampling method compared to seining for all fishes. Our results indicate stream temperature mitigation may be possible via the maintenance of key channel morphologies, and we identify shared stressors between ecoregions. Channel mitigation to maintain reaches with deeper pools may be an important strategy for maintaining thermal refugia, particularly when considering climate change. Identifying the mechanistic underpinning of other multiscale ecological relationships would be helpful to discern if some of the different ecoregion relationships represent warning signals or interactions with unmeasured biotic or abiotic factors.
Backpack satellite transmitters reduce survival but not nesting propensity or success of greater sage‐grouse
Authors: Stevens Bryan S. , Conway Courtney J. , Tisdale Cody A. , Denny Kylie N. , Meyers Andrew , Makela Paul 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTelemetry technology is ubiquitous for studying the behavior and demography of wildlife, including the use of traditional very high frequency (VHF) radio telemetry and more recent methods that record animal locations using global positioning systems (GPS). Satellite‐based GPS telemetry allows researchers to collect high spatial–temporal resolution data remotely but may also come with additional costs. For example, recent studies from the southern Great Basin suggested GPS transmitters attached via backpacks may reduce the survival of greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) relative to VHF transmitters attached via collars that have been in use for decades. While some evidence suggests GPS backpacks reduce survival, no studies have examined the effects of GPS backpacks on breeding behavior and success. Therefore, we compared survival, breeding behavior, and nest success of sage‐grouse hens marked with both VHF collars and GPS backpack transmitter over a 7‐year period in central Idaho, USA. GPS backpacks reduced spring–summer survival of sage‐grouse hens relative to hens with VHF collars, where daily mortality probability was 68%–82% higher from March 1 to August 1. Yet satellite GPS backpacks did not consistently affect nest success or the likelihood or timing of nest initiation relative to VHF collars. Daily nest survival varied annually and with timing of nest initiation and nest age, but marginal effects of transmitter type were statistically insignificant and interactions between transmitter type and study year produced no meaningful patterns. Our results corroborate recent studies for the effect of satellite GPS backpacks on sage‐grouse survival, but also suggest that these transmitters do not appear to affect components of fecundity. Our results therefore add important context to recent debate surrounding the effects of GPS backpacks on sage‐grouse, and the relative strengths and weaknesses of different transmitter types for understanding behavior and population dynamics.
Current advances in bacteria‐based cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Guo Caijuan , Liu Jinyan , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs the understanding of the tumor microenvironment has deepened, immunotherapy has become a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In contrast to traditional therapies, immunotherapy is more precise and induces fewer adverse effects. In this field, some bacteria have attracted increased attention because of their natural ability to preferentially colonize and proliferate inside tumor sites and exert antitumor effects. Moreover, bacterial components may activate innate and adaptive immunity to resist tumor progression. However, the application of bacteria‐based cancer immunotherapy is hampered by potential infection‐associated toxicity and unpredictable behavior in vivo. Owing to modern developments in genetic engineering, bacteria can be modified to weaken their toxicity and enhance their ability to eliminate tumor cells or activate the antitumor immune response. This review summarizes the roles of bacteria in the tumor microenvironment, current strategies for bacterial engineering, and the synergistic efficiency of bacteria with other immunotherapies. In addition, the prospects and challenges of the clinical translation of engineered bacteria are summarized.
A fully decoupled linearized and second‐order accurate numerical scheme for two‐phase magnetohydrodynamic flows
Authors: Wang Danxia , Guo Yuan , Liu Fang , Jia Hongen , Zhang Chenhui 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIn this paper, we analyze the numerical approximation of two‐phase magnetohydrodynamic flows. Firstly, an equivalent new system is designed by introducing two scalar auxiliary variables. One of variables is used to linearize the phase field function and the other is used to deal with the highly coupled and nonlinear terms. Secondly, by combining with a novel decoupling technique based on the “zero‐energy‐contribution” feature and the pressure correction method, the linearized second order BDF numerical scheme, which has the advantage of fully decoupled structure, is constructed. Furthermore, we strictly prove the unconditional energy stability and error analysis of the scheme, and give a detailed implementation procedure that only requires to calculate several linear elliptic equations with constant coefficients. Finally, the results of numerical simulations are presented to validate the rates of convergence and energy stability.
A novel coupled Euler–Lagrange method for high resolution shock and discontinuities capturing
Authors: Jin Ziyan , Ning Jianguo , Xu Xiangzhao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe accurate capturing of shock waves by numerical methods has long been a focus of attention in engineering owing to singularity problems in discontinuities. In this article, a novel coupled Euler–Lagrange method (CELM) is proposed to capture shock waves and discontinuities with high resolution and high order of mapping accuracy. CELM arranges the Lagrange particles on an Euler grid to track the discontinuous points automatically, and the data pertaining to the grids and particles interact via a weighted mutual mapping method that not only achieves fourth‐order accuracy in a smooth area of the solution but also maintains a steep discontinuous transition in the discontinuous area. In the virtual particle method, virtual particles are derived from the existing real particles; thus, the inflow and outflow of the particles and interpolation accuracy of the boundary are more easily realized. An accuracy test and energy convergence test demonstrated the fourth‐order convergence accuracy and low energy dissipation of the CELM; the method exhibited lower error and better conservation ability than high‐precision schemes such as WENO3 and WENO5. The Sod shock tube problem and Woodward–Colella problem showed higher discontinuity resolution of the CELM and ability to accurately track discontinuity points. Examples of Riemann problems were employed to prove that the CELM exhibits lower dissipation and higher shock resolution than WENO3 and WENO5. The CELM also showed an accurate structure based on particle distribution. Shockwave diffraction tests were conducted to prove that the CELM results showed good agreement with the experimental data and exhibited an accurate expansion wave. The CELM can also accurately simulate the collision of an expansion wave and vortex.
Analysis of milk consumption and dairy products of the Russian population using an online survey
Authors: Novokshanova Alla L’vovna , Matveeva Natalia Olegovna , Nikityuk Dmitry Borisovich 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver the past 20–30 years, the consumption of milk and dairy products in Russia has been steadily declining. An online survey was carried out to find out the reasons for this. The questionnaire was created on the Yandex forms platform with automatic counting of answers. The questionnaire contained 34 questions about the inclusion of dairy products in the diet, the reasons for refusing dairy products, the nutritional value of dairy products, etc. Statistical data processing was performed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance level was taken equal to 0.05.
OpenADB: DGFI‐TUM's Open Altimeter Database
Authors: Schwatke Christian , Dettmering Denise , Passaro Marcello , Hart‐Davis Michael , Scherer Daniel , Müller Felix L. , Bosch Wolfgang , Seitz Florian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFor more than three decades, satellite altimetry has provided valuable measurement data for the monitoring and analysis of ocean and inland water surfaces. Since 1992, there have always been at least two simultaneous missions providing continuous measurement data, starting with TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS‐1 in the early 1990s and continuing with about 10 satellites active today, including ICESat‐2, Sentinel‐6A and SWOT. Most mission data are freely available, but in different formats, processing levels and with respect to different references (e.g. ellipsoid or time), making common multi‐mission applications difficult. In addition, the derivation of ready‐to‐use and high‐quality scientific products requires expertise that not every user is willing to acquire. Over the years, DGFI‐TUM has developed and maintained an Open Altimeter Database (OpenADB) that allows consistent data management and combination. It consists of the internal Multi‐Version Altimetry (MVA) data repository and the OpenADB web portal. OpenADB provides user‐friendly access to derived along‐track products, such as sea surface heights and ocean tides. It also provides general information about the satellite altimetry missions, their observing configurations and about the data provided in the database. All products are freely available on the OpenADB web portal (https://openadb.dgfi.tum.de) after registration.
The application of radiomics machine learning models based on multimodal MRI with different sequence combinations in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Liu Sheng , Zhang Aihua , Xiong Jianjun , Su Xingzhou , Zhou Yuhang , Li Yang , Zhang Zheng , Li Zhenning , Liu Fayu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore preliminary the performance of radiomics machine learning models based on multimodal MRI to predict the risk of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) patients.MethodsA total of 400 patients were enrolled in this study and divided into six groups according to the different combinations of MRI sequences. Group I consisted of patients with T1‐weighted images (T1WI) and FS‐T2WI (fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted images), group II consisted of patients with T1WI, FS‐T2WI, and contrast enhanced MRI (CE‐MRI), group III consisted of patients with T1WI, FS‐T2WI, and T2‐weighted images (T2WI), group IV consisted of patients with T1WI, FS‐T2WI, CE‐MRI, and T2WI, group V consisted of patients with T1WI, FS‐T2WI, T2WI, and apparent diffusion coefficient map (ADC), and group VI consisted of patients with T1WI, FS‐T2WI, CE‐MRI, T2WI, and ADC. Machine learning models were constructed. The performance of the models was compared in each group.ResultsThe machine learning model in group IV including T1WI, FS‐T2WI, T2WI, and CE‐MRI presented best prediction performance, with AUCs of 0.881 and 0.868 in the two sets. The models with CE‐MRI performed better than the models without CE‐MRI(I vs. II, III vs. IV, V vs. VI).ConclusionsThe radiomics machine learning models based on CE‐MRI showed great accuracy and stability in predicting the risk of CLNM for OTSCC patients.
Addressing hydrocephalus in Africa: Challenges and way forward
Authors: Kantawala Burhan , Khattab Maha , Elawad Shaima O. , Assker Mohamad , Cherri Batoul , Nazir Abubakar , Wojtara Magda , Uwishema Olivier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHydrocephalus occurs when the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the cerebral ventricles. This is due to either obstruction in the CSF flow, decreasing its absorption by the arachnoid villus to the Dural venous sinuses, or increasing production of the CSF. The most disproportionately and severely affected by the disease consequences are African children. This is because of the high incidence of postinfectious hydrocephalus and spinal dysraphism compared with other world children. The health care system in Africa has access to 488 neurosurgeons which represents less than 1% of the global neurosurgeons, thus pediatric hydrocephalus is considered an emerging public health problem in Africa because of the difficulty of the patient's access to proper care. Numerous studies conducted in Africa have revealed a significant imbalance in the distribution of neurosurgical resources across the continent. Specifically, South Africa and North Africa collectively account for 86% of the total practicing neurosurgeons, indicating a pronounced concentration of these specialized medical professionals in these regions. Having an abundance of case studies regarding hydrocephalus is vital to increase our awareness and understanding. Hydrocephalus should gain more priority by current policymakers as an important health concern. This may be achieved by proper resource allocation to ensure better quality means of diagnosis, intervention, and rehabilitation.
Requirements specification, design, and evaluation of dental image exchange and management system with user‐centered approach: A case study in Iran
Authors: Rahimi Bahlol , Karimian Sajjad , Ghaznavi Aisan , Jafari Heydarlou Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsSystems existing in hospital or clinic settings offer services within the physical environment. Examples of such systems include picture archiving and communication systems, which provide remote services for patients. To develop a successful system, methods like software development life cycles (SDLCs) and design techniques, such as prototyping, are needed. This study aimed to specify requirements, design, and evaluation of dental image exchange and management system using a user‐centered approach.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted in four phases, each corresponding to different stages of SDLCs. User‐needs data were used to gathered by interviews and observations. A prototype was developed using object‐oriented programming and presented to users for feedback. Finally, focus group was used to finalized the prototype into the desired system.ResultsUser needs were identified and prioritized from the outset, with ease of use, security, and mobile apps being their most essential requirements. The prototype underwent several iterations of design and evaluation in focus group sessions until users were satisfied, and their feedback was incorporated. Eventually, the prototype was refined into the final system with users' consent.ConclusionThe study revealed that instant access to information, voluntary participation, user interface (UI) design, and usefulness were critical variables for users and should be integral to any system. Successful implementation of such a system requires careful consideration of end‐users' needs and their application to the system. Moreover, integrating the system with electronic health records can further enhance the treatment process and the efficiency of medical staff. The voluntary perspective of users played a significant role in achieving an exemplary UI and overall satisfaction with the system. Developers and policymakers should consider these aspects in similar system development projects.
Risk perception and preventive behaviors related to brucellosis among Iranian livestock farmers
Authors: Moslehi Shandiz , Jahangiry Leila , Narimani Sajjad , Maleki Ali , Zarehoseinzade Elham , Shaker HamidReza 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsBrucellosis is one of the zoonotic diseases that endanger the health of the population, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to assess risk perception and behaviors of livestock farmers on brucellosis based on PRECEDE model in a rural area in the northwest of Iran.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted with 365 livestock farmers in rural areas of Germi, Iran. Participants were selected random sampling method. Data were gathered using a PRECEDE model based questionnaire consisted of five sections including demographic characteristics, predisposing factors (knowledge and attitudes), reinforcing factors, enabling factors, and brucellosis preventive behaviors.ResultsThe mean ± SD of age of participants was 47.1 ± 14.7 years. The state of knowledge about preventive behaviors and ways of disease transmission was evaluated as appropriate (with 87% and 81% of the maximum score, respectively). Three aspects of attitude in participants were desirable. Predisposing factors including knowledge of prevention ways, knowledge of transmission ways, and attitudes toward prevention, reinforcing factors, as well as education were significant predictors of brucellosis preventive behaviors.R2 and adjustedR2 were 0.312 and 0.310, respectively, according to which, about 31% of the changes in the brucellosis preventive behaviors explained by significant dependent variables.ConclusionsGiven that farmers are at particular high risk of exposing brucellosis, improving their knowledge and desirable attitudes of brucellosis is crucial to increasing control the disease.
Risk factors and survival of triple‐negative breast cancer among breast cancer patients: Ten‐year cross‐sectional study in the southwestern Iranian population
Authors: Arvandi Sholeh , Razmjoo Sasan , Zaheri Abdevand Peyman 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer results from genetic and epigenetic mutations, contributing significantly to cancer‐related morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and survival rates of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) among breast cancer patients in southwestern Iran over a ten‐year period.MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study aims to assess prognostic factors associated with survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer in Iran's southwestern region over a ten‐year period (2007–2017). Data were collected from patients who visited the Clinical Oncology Department at Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz (the breast cancer center of the Southwestern country). The study enrolled women diagnosed with TNBC using a census method and data from medical records. The primary outcome (survival rates) and secondary outcomes (demographic data, diagnostic stages, and three receptors estrogen receptors [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] status) were collected.ResultsBreast cancer was diagnosed in 2641 women over ten years; TNBC was diagnosed in 227 individuals (8.59%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between negative ER status and TNBC (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the prevalence of TNBC differed significantly from that of other types of breast cancer (p = 0.0001). The variables of age, HER2, PR, and TNBC grade did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). The overall disease‐free survival rate over 5 years was 88.1%, while the rate for individuals without recurrence was 77.97%.ConclusionThis study highlights a differentially low incidence of TNBC in the southwestern part of Iran when compared to other regions; genetic or epigenetic influences may explain this discrepancy. ER‐negative status is a crucial prognostic indicator in diagnosing TNBC. The incidence of this disease is expected to rise by 100% in 2 years and 77.97% in 5 years.