bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAT044 Cornus officinalis Decreases Incidence Of Type 1 Diabetes Onset And Hyperglycemia In The Non-obese Diabetic Mouse
Authors: Fletcher Justin D , Olsson Grace E , Burkhardt Brant R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: J.D. Fletcher: None. G.E. Olsson: None. B.R. Burkhardt: None.
Currently, there is only one FDA recently approved interventional agent (teplizumab) that can delay the onset of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) by slowing the clinical progression of pancreatic β-cell autoimmunity and inhibiting the eventual loss of insulin production. Cornus officinalis (CO) is a highly popular ethnopharmacological treatment for diabetes and has been actively studied by our research group. Our earlier findings revealed in vitro that CO application to the pancreatic 1.1B4 β-cell line can promote pancreatic β-cell viability, metabolic activity, prevention of cytokine mediated cell death and expression of important cytoprotective pathways through promotion of autophagy and the KEAP1-Nrf2 mediated antioxidant response (PMID: 36100124 and 31255730). To further determine the clinical efficacy and biological effect of CO in-vivo, we investigated if oral delivery of CO was capable of inhibiting or delaying the onset of T1D in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse (n = 7 to 10). Ten-week-old NOD male mice were given CO or water by oral gavage for 14 weeks once daily 5 days per week. Our experimental groups consisted of CO treated (CT), water treated (WT), and a no treatment or handling control group (NTH). CO was prepared by water extraction from a commercial source (Evergreen) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml and delivered by oral gavage in 200 µl. Glucose levels were measured every 3 days via glucometer (Contour Next) from tail vein collections. Diabetic onset was determined by two independent readings above 250 mg/dl. T1D incidence per group was as follows: CO (30%), WT (60%) and NTH (86%). Diabetic onset was significantly different between groups (Log rank test, p &lt; 0.05). In addition, appearance of hyperglycemia (single glucose reading &gt;130 mg/dl) was delayed in the CO treated NOD mice as compared to WT and NTH groups (p &lt; 0.001). Further analysis is ongoing examining the concentration of c-peptide and determination of pancreatic insulitis by H&E staining. No harmful effects were observed in the CT group and body weights did not differ across experimental groups. In conclusion, our findings suggest that CO may have therapeutic potential as both a safe and effective interventional agent to delay the onset of T1D.
Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023
A Knock-In Mouse Model of the Gcm2 Variant p.Y392S Develops Normal Parathyroid Glands
Authors: Parekh Vaishali I , Brinster Lauren R , Guan Bin , Simonds William F , Weinstein Lee S , Agarwal Sunita K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context
The glial cells missing 2 (GCM2) gene functions as a transcription factor that is essential for parathyroid gland development, and variants in this gene have been associated with 2 parathyroid diseases: isolated hypoparathyroidism in patients with homozygous germline inactivating variants and primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with heterozygous germline activating variants. A recurrent germline activating missense variant of GCM2, p.Y394S, has been reported in patients with familial primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective
To determine whether the GCM2 p.Y394S missense variant causes overactive and enlarged parathyroid glands in a mouse model.

Methods
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was used to generate a mouse model with the germline heterozygous Gcm2 variant p.Y392S that corresponds to the human GCM2 p.Y394S variant. Wild-type (Gcm2+/+) and germline heterozygous (Gcm2+/Y392S) mice were evaluated for serum biochemistry and parathyroid gland morphology.

Results
Gcm2 +/Y392S mice did not show any change compared to Gcm2+/+ mice in serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, parathyroid gland histology, cell proliferation, or parathyroid gland size.

Conclusion
The mouse model of the p.Y392S variant of Gcm2 shows that this variant is tolerated in mice, as it does not increase parathyroid gland cell proliferation and circulating calcium or PTH levels. Further investigation of Gcm2+/Y392S mice to study the effect of this variant of Gcm2 on early events in parathyroid gland development will be of interest.
Metalloporphycene is an Attractive Cofactor for Hemoproteins
Authors: Hayashi Takashi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Porphycene, a constitutional isomer of porphyrin, is an attractive ligand, and its metal complexes have been investigated as alternative metal cofactors for hemoproteins such as myoglobin. Iron, cobalt and manganese complexes of porphycene are smoothly inserted into apomyoglobin after removal of native heme b, resulting in stable reconstituted proteins. Myoglobin reconstituted with iron porphycene exhibits extremely high O2 affinity compared to native myoglobin (nMb). In addition, the reconstituted protein also shows catalytic activity toward one-electron oxidation of phenol derivatives and sulfoxidation of thioanisole, although the natural function of nMb is O2 storage. Furthermore, myoglobin reconstituted with manganese porphycene can promote H2O2-dependent hydroxylation of inert alkane species as seen with cytochrome P450s. Myoglobin reconstituted with iron porphycene can act as a catalyst for abiological reactions such as cyclopropanation with ethyl diazoacetate. These results clearly indicate that replacement of heme with metalloporphycenes can dramatically alter the function of hemoproteins.
Trapping and killing performance of a PermaNet 2.0 hybrid mosquito trapping bednet: an experimental hut evaluation
Authors: Chouaibou Seidou Mouhamadou , Kouadio France-Paraudie A. , Sadia Christabelle G. , Behi Fodjo K. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Despite the huge global effort, there has been an increase in malaria morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa since 2015, from 212 million cases and 429,000 deaths in 2015 to 241 million cases and 627,000 deaths in 2020 mainly because of resistance to insecticide. Therefore, advancing innovative approaches is the only sustainable way to fight malaria. Methods: Taking advantage of the behavior of mosquitoes around the net, which is almost 70-90% concentrated on the roof, we have developed a two-compartment mosquito bednet, the so-called T-Net for mass mosquito trapping and killing. In the current study, we investigated in an experimental hut trial, the efficacy of trapping-long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (T-LLINs) against Anopheles gambiae s.l. in an insecticide resistance context. Five different arms have been considered in this study including three positive control arms e.g. PermaNet 2.0 LLIN, Tsara boost LLIN and Interceptor generation 2 (IG2) LLIN), one negative control arm using insecticide-free bednet, and one candidate arm using a hybrid-treated trapping bednet made with PermaNet 2.0 LLIN mounted with an insecticide-free compartment (T-LLIN). Results: The highest average daily mortality was recorded with the T-LLIN. In total, 678 mosquitoes were killed by T-LLIN among the 760 collected, i.e. 89.2%. Out of these, 317 were found in the trap compartment, representing 46.75% of mortality directly attributable to the mechanical effect of this net. This added value made it possible to quantify the increased in the killing effect that this net would have over the positive control arms: this would be 52% higher than the killing effect of PN2.0, 25.2% higher than that of Tsara boost and 23% higher than that of IG2. Conclusion: The current study shows potential to maximize the efficiency of the WHO-recommended LLINs by an addition of an insecticide-free trap compartment on top of the net.
Bees visiting the broad bean (Vicia faba L.) and the impact of border planting on their abundance and the yield improvement in Ismailia, Egypt
Authors: M. Mohamed Kariman , M. Ghareb Noha , M. Kamel Soliman , Bradshaw Emma , Norfolk Olivia , Shebl Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Incorporating flowering plants into cropping systems has the potential to actively enhance pollination and crops yields. This study evaluated whether the introduction of border planting affects bee visitation and yield of a broad bean (Vicia faba L.). Experiments were carried out in 2018 and 2019 in Ismailia, Egypt. Bee visitation and broad bean yields were compared between plots with and without border planting. Results showed that open flowers achieved higher yields than netted flowers. Apis mellifera L. was the dominant visitor, followed by four solitary bee species, Chalicodoma siculum (Rossi), Colletes lacunatus Dours, 1872, Andrena ovatula and Xylocopa pubescens (Kirby, 1802). The addition of border planting was associated with a significant increase in the abundance of all five bee visitors and the associated yields. Findings showed that flowering border plants adjacent to broad bean can actively enhance pollination services and yields of this commercially valuable crop, whilst helping to conserve vulnerable bee populations.
The growing importance of high-efficiency ultrasound in diagnosis and management of dermatological diseases
Authors: Trąbka Natalia , Kowalczyk Klaudia , Demidowicz Gabriela , Lasota Nina , Cichoń Katarzyna , Chyćko Małgorzata , Czarnota Julia , Wiśniewski Wojciech , Lambach Maciej , Younes Martyna 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: High-frequency ultrasonography (HF-USG) uses frequency above 20 MHz, which allows to visualize skin layers and measure their thickness. As it is simple, non-invasive and reliable technique, it has become a relevant tool in the field of dermatology along with other methods like for example dermoscopy. It can be used not only for the evaluation, diagnosis and management of various skin diseases, but also for analysis of the healthy skin structure
Aim of the study: The aim of this review is to present information on the use of high-efficiency USG and its application in dermatology.
Materials and methods: The literature available in the PubMed and Google Scholar data bases was reviewed, using the following keywords: "dermatologic ultrasound", "skin ultrasound, "HFUS dermatology".
Conclusions: HFUS has given many opportunities in dermatology. Although ultrasound is not a new thing and it has been used in the field of dermatology for more than four decades, its significance has evolved with improvements in technology. We already have some pathognomonic sonographic features for skin lesions, but this amount will definitely increase due to the growing popularity of HFUS devices in clinical practice.
Enhanced laser-induced damage performance of all-glass metasurfaces for energetic pulsed laser applications
Authors: Ray Nathan J. , Yoo Jae-Hyuck , Nguyen Hoang T. , Norton Mary , Cross David , Carr Christopher W. , Feigenbaum Eyal 
Published: October 2023

To fabricate optical components with surface layers compatible with
high-power laser applications that may operate as antireflective
coatings, polarization rotators, or harness physical anisotropy for
other uses, metasurfaces are becoming an appealing candidate. In this
study, large-beam (1.05 cm diameter) 351-nm laser-induced
damage testing was performed on an all-glass metasurface structure
composed of cone-like features with a subwavelength spacing of
adjacent features. These structures were fabricated on untreated fused
silica glass and damage tested, as were structures that were
fabricated on fused silica glass that experienced a preliminary
etching process to remove the surface Beilby layer that is
characteristic of polished fused silica. The laser-induced damage
onset for structures on untreated fused silica glass was 19.3J⋅cm−2, while the sample that saw an initial
pretreatment etch exhibited an improved damage onset of 20.4J⋅cm−2, only 6% short of the reference
pretreated glass damage onset of 21.7J⋅cm−2. For perspective, the National
Ignition Facility operational average fluence at this wavelength and
pulse length is about 10J/cm2. At a fluence of 25.5J⋅cm−2, the reference (pretreated) fused
silica initiated 5.2 damage sites per mm2, while the antireflective metasurface
sample with a preliminary etching process treatment initiated 9.8
damage sites per mm2. These findings demonstrate that
substrate-engraved metasurfaces are compatible with high energy and
power laser applications, further broadening their application
space.
Jurisprudence of the ECtHR under Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights and Legal Economic Order
Authors: Apanasenko Kateryna 
Published: October 2023

It is proven in the article that the mechanism for ensuring the sustainable economic development is based, among other things, on the need to reasonably limit the economic activity, which simultaneously forms the legal economic order in the state and protect the human right to life. The ECtHR also contributes to this mechanism functioning through the analysis of the states’ compliance with the positive obligations under Article 2 of the ECHR in cases when the Court diagnoses the nature and effectiveness of the measures taken (to be taken) by the states to secure and protect the human right to life.
As it was found the adoption of the restrictive regulatory measures in the business sphere is a positive duty of the states to ensure the human right to life. The states must establish these measures, ensure their proper implementation and necessary supervision of the implementation. The importance of the ECtHR legal positions in the mechanism for ensuring sustainable development lies in the fact that they a fairly clear pointer to the regulatory policy of the national governments. The author individually focused on the study of the relevant ECtHR positions concerning specific areas of the construction and medical activities.
Key words: legal economic order, business restrictions, sustainable development, the case-law of the ECtHR, human right to life, Article 2 of the ECHR, construction activity.
Results of testing of the efficacy of sublethal concentrations of bacterial-chemical insecticides combinations against cabbage moth larvae
Authors: TERLEMEZYAN Hrant , SARGSYAN Masis , HARUTYUNYAN Harutyun , ZARIKIAN Noushig , SARGSYAN Sona , KARAPETYAN Gabriel , MKRTCHYAN Habetnak 
Published: October 2023

Using chemical pesticides has adverse effects on the environment and humans. Bacterial preparations may provide an alternative to chemical pesticides. The study aims to test different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial and chemical preparations against cabbage moth larvae.
During 2020-2022 different combinations of sublethal concentrations of bacterial (Lepidocide) and chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) preparations were tested in laboratory and field conditions, against cabbage moth young larvae (stage I-II).
The combinations of insecticides with bacterial and chemical sublethal concentrations show high biological efficiency against the cabbage moth larvae. No statistical difference was found between the efficiency indicators of the combined and standard chemical (Arrivo, Voliam Flexi, Proclaim Fit) options and the significance level was generally between 2.0 and 5.9 %, showing that the results of the scientific experiments are reliable.
Study on the microstructure and soil quality variation of composite soil with soft rock and sand
Authors: Tingting Cao , Haiou Zhang , Yang Zhang , Yingguo Wang , Jian Wang , Zhen Guo , Xubo Sun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the remediation of Mu Us Sandy Land, which is one of the four major sandy areas in China, the local soft rock was selected as the remediation material for sand improvement, and the soil quality changes after the compounding of soft rock and sand were analyzed. The results show that the clay minerals in the soft rock are closely cemented to each other, forming a rich pore structure with a high hydrophilic, large specific surface and interlayer space. With the treatment of 1:1 and 1:2 soft rock/sand, there are more attachments on the surface of soil particles, and most of the particles are in contact with each other. The content of polysaccharides in the compound soil after the mixture of soft rock and sand is significantly higher than that of total sand treatment. With 1:1 of soft rock/sand, the content of free ferric oxide increased gradually with the depth of the soil layer. The organic carbon content in the 0–10 and 20–30 cm soil layers showed a good change. After the addition of arsenic sandstone, the soil cementation of compound soil and the content of polysaccharides and organic carbon have been significantly changed. Soft rock is a kind of natural material conducive to the improvement of sandy soil.
Physiognomic theories between equation and inference
Authors: Cerutti Michele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Physiognomy finds itself in a strange position. On the one hand, it is considered false and even dangerous by common sense as a pseudo-scientific theory; on the other hand, it is implicitly practiced by everyone every day (Brandt 1980. Face reading. The persistence of physiognomy. Psychology Today 14(7). 90–96). This situation calls for an explanation. After a brief discussion of the problems of classical physiognomic theories, I will show how they embody the equational model of the sign and how this perspective helps in the understanding of why physiognomy have proved to be false. I will then introduce two recent articles by Dumouchel (2022. Making faces. Topoi 41. 631–639) and Crippen and Rolla (2022. Faces and situational agency. Topoi 41. 659–670) that address the perception of faces from a situated and ecological point of view. I will argue that these theories embody the inferential model of the sign, thus paving the way for a new science of the face.
The visage and the mask: semiotic considerations around representations of visages in Japanese Nō
Authors: Chatenet Ludovic 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper aims at confronting a semio-anthropology of the face, based on the principles of Lévi-Strauss and Greimas, with the representation of the visage in Japanese Nō theater. As a theory, semiotics permits an explanation of the signification of faces, reduced at first to a series of masks, and their representations in different cultures. Within this framework, we will show that representations of visages in Nō form a semiotic system specific to both Japanese culture (myths, legends) and theatrical performance, and that the latter reintroduces a dynamic dimension which questions their status. Initially described as “narrative masks” depicting characters, they finally emerge as “movement masks” that blur the boundary between mask and face even further.
Improvement in the California bearing ratio of subbase soil by recycled asphalt pavement and cement
Authors: Al-Fatlawy Rasha A. , Ali Tawfek Sheer , Fakhraldin Mohammed K. , Hussain Nibras A. , Abd Ibtihal Y. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the subbase layer is one of the important layers in road construction, it is necessary to use a granular material to resist traffic loads. Usually, granular soil with a good gradation is used, which is determined by most road design codes. Sometimes it is needed to improve the properties of this soil by adding materials such as cement, which is considered a high-cost material, so it is necessary to search for low-cost materials. One of these materials is recycled asphalt pavement (RAP). Herein, we presented an experimental study to investigate using RAP and cement in roadway subbase material improvement. The indicator of the improvement has been selected as the California bearing ratio (CBR); many laboratory tests were made for many percentages of cement and RAP. The study’s main conclusions are that the CBR value increases when the cement percentage increases and the RAP percentages increase up to 12% by the mass of the virgin subbase and then decrease. Also, using a mix of 12% RAP and 1% cement blended with the subbase material gives a CBR value of 138.6. This improvement is considered the same as using 6% (133.5) cement but it is of low cost due to the low cost of the waste material (RAP) as it saved the high cost of 5% cement.
Zur Phänomenologie und Ethik des Überflusses
Authors: Schnell Martin W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nach einer knappen Skizze verschiedener Versuche von der Antike bis in die Moderne, den Überfluss zu fassen, wendet sich der Beitrag seinem eigentlichen Thema zu. Im Sinne eines metaphysischen Begehrens werden Aspekte einer Phänomenologie und Ethik des Überflusses skizziert, die von der Anthropologie bisher vernachlässigt wurden. Dabei wird dreierlei deutlich: Überfluss ist erstens die Sache einer aktiven Passivität: Das, was von mir aktiv herbeigeführt wird in der Auffassung von etwas-als-etwas und in der Begegnung mit den Anderen, sucht mich in meiner Passivität wieder heim. Überfluss ist damit zweitens ein Ereignis der Überschreitung: Es kommt aus uns und zugleich über uns und sucht uns wie eine äußerliche Macht heim. Überfluss ist drittens absolut, d.h. entbunden und abgelöst von Relationen, die aber ihrerseits stets vorausgesetzt bleiben.
Wie die Sonne sein
Authors: Zirfas Jörg 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Den Ausgangspunkt der folgenden Überlegungen bildet das Modell der Gabe von Marcel Mauss, in dem die Verausgabung und Verschwendung von immensen Reichtümern erwähnt wird. Georges Bataille radikalisiert die Thesen von Mauss, der immer wieder auf die Nützlichkeit der Gabe hinweist, wenn er die Bedeutung von Lebensbereichen betont, die jenseits von Kalkül, Produktion, Gewinn und Erhaltung angesiedelt sind. Diese sind Bereiche der Erfahrung eines maximal intensiven Lebens – völlig zweckfrei, völlig dem Augenblick und völlig der Zerstörung hingegeben. Auch die Gabentheorie von Jacques Derrida soll in keiner Beziehung ein Tauschverhältnis, sondern das Gegenteil, nämlich das A-Ökonomische, das Überschießende, die Verausgabung sein. Prototyp einer totalen Verausgabung ist die Sonne und die Sonnenenergie. Die Sonne gibt ohne Kalkulation, ohne Gegenleistung. Die Sonne rechnet nicht und sie erzeugt gleichzeitig ungeheure Energiequanten. Inwiefern kann dieses Modell anthropologische Bedeutung gewinnen?
New allele of mouse DNA/RNA helicase senataxin causes meiotic arrest and infertility
Authors: Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Saito Kouhei , Sun Fengyun , Petri Sabrina , Inoue Erina , Schimenti John , Okada Yuki , Handel Mary Ann 
Published: October 2023

In brief
A new allele of the senataxin gene Setxspcar3 causes meiotic arrest of spermatocytes with aberrant DNA damage and accumulation of R-loops.

Abstract
An unbiased screen for discovering novel mouse genes for fertility identified the spcar3, spermatocyte arrest 3, mutant phenotype. The spcar3 mutation identified a new allele of the Setx gene, encoding senataxin, a DNA/RNA helicase that regulates transcription termination by resolving DNA/RNA hybrid R-loop structures. The Setxspcar3 mutant mice exhibit male infertility and female subfertility. Histology of the Setxspcar3 mutant testes revealed the absence of spermatids and mature spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules. Cytological analysis of chromosome preparations of the Setxspcar3 mutant spermatocytes revealed normal synapsis, but aberrant DNA damage in the autosomes, defective formation of the sex body, and arrest of meiosis in mid-prophase. Additionally, Setxspcar3 testicular cells exhibit abnormal accumulation of R-loops. Transient expression assays identified regions of the senataxin protein required for sub-nuclear localization. Together, these results not only confirm that senataxin is required for normal meiosis and spermatogenesis but also provide a new resource for the determination of its role in maintaining R-loop formation and genome integrity.