bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eight‐week histological analysis on the effect of chitosan on surgically created one‐wall intrabony defects in beagle dogs
Authors: Park Ji‐Sook , Choi Seong‐Ho , Moon Ik‐Sang , Cho Kyoo‐Sung , Chai Jung‐Kiu , Kim Chong‐Kwan 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the periodontal tissue regenerative effects of a chitosan/collagen sponge applied to preclinical one‐wall intrabony defects surgically created in beagle dogs.Material and Methods:  4×4 mm one‐wall intrabony defects were surgically created in the bilateral maxillary first and third, and the mandibular second and fourth premolars. The surgical control group received a flap operation only, while the buffer control group was treated afterwards with a phosphate‐buffered saline/collagen sponge (CS) and the chitosan group was treated with a chitosan/cs. The subjects were killed 8 weeks after the operation, and a comparative histological examination was performed.Results:  The amount of junctional epithelium migration was 2.30±1.24 mm in the surgical control group, 1.49±1.25 mm in the buffer control group, and 0.26±0.59 mm in the chitosan group. A significant difference was exhibited only between the surgical control and the chitosan group (p<0.05). The amount of connective tissue adhesion was 0.68±0.60, 1.07±0.91, and 0.41±0.42 mm in the surgical control, buffer control, and the chitosan group, respectively. The amount of cementum regeneration was 1.42±0.49, 1.60±0.41, and 3.46±0.78 mm in the surgical control, buffer control, and the chitosan group, respectively. A significant difference was seen between the chitosan group and the rest (p<0.01). The amount of alveolar bone regeneration was 1.00±0.77, 1.52±0.37, and 2.43±0.44 mm in the surgical control, buffer control, and the chitosan group, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the chitosan group and the rest (p<0.05).Conclusion:  The results demonstrate the beneficial effect of the chitosan/cs on the one‐wall intrabony defects of beagle dogs. The inhibited apical migration of epithelium and the increase in the amount of new bone and new cementum suggest the potency of chitosan in inducing periodontal tissue regeneration.
The effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc lactate on the microflora of oral halitosis patients: a dual‐centre, double‐blind placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Roldán S. , Winkel E. G. , Herrera D. , Sanz M. , Van Winkelhoff A. J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAim: This study evaluated the microbial effects of a newly formulated mouthwash (Halita®) on oral halitosis patients.Methods: Forty subjects were included in this dual‐centre, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled parallel study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select patients. At baseline and at 2 weeks post‐treatment, full‐mouth organoleptic odor scores, level of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) and the Winkel Tongue Coating Index were recorded. Standardized samples of tongue coating, saliva and subgingival plaque were microbiologically investigated. Participants were randomly assigned to the test or placebo groups.Results: High prevalences were observed for Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis in tongue coating, saliva and subgingival plaque samples. A significant positive correlation between baseline total counts of P. gingivalis in saliva samples and organoleptic and VSC scores was found. Two weeks post‐treatment there was a reduction in total anaerobic counts in all samples in the test group. A significant positive correlation was observed between the reduction in total counts in saliva samples and the reduction in organoleptic scores in the test group. Significant reductions in total counts and proportions of F. nucleatum and total counts of P. intermedia in tongue coating samples were observed in the test group.Conclusions: The test mouthwash demonstrated efficacy in reducing the microbiological parameters in three oral niches in moderate to severe halitosis patients without periodontitis, and this was correlated with the improvements in organoleptic and VSC scores but not with the tongue coating scores.
Association between smoking, betel chewing and gingival bleeding in rural Sri Lanka
Authors: Amarasena Najith , Ekanayaka Asoka N. I. , Herath Lilani , Miyazaki Hideo 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjective: To ascertain the association between tobacco use and gingival bleeding in a rural community in Sri Lanka.Material and methods: A cross‐sectional field‐based study was carried out in 2178 rural males aged 20–60 years, employing a multistage cluster sampling technique. The levels of plaque and gingivitis were recorded on four sites of all teeth present excluding third molars, using the plaque index (PLI) and gingival index (GI). Information pertaining to sociodemographic variables, oral hygiene practices and tobacco consumption habits was obtained from all subjects.Results: One‐way anova combined with the Bonferroni test disclosed that betel chewers had a significantly higher mean number of sites with gingival bleeding (22.6±21.8) than smokers (10.8±11.2) and nontobacco users (8.7±6.8) (p<0.0001). A higher proportion of betel chewers (55.1%) showed ≥12 bleeding sites compared to smokers (27.6%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the association between betel chewing and gingival bleeding was positive (OR=2.41; p<0.0001) whereas that of smoking and gingival bleeding was negative (OR=0.75; p<0.05). Oral hygiene had the strongest relationship with gingival bleeding (OR=18.11).Conclusion: While confirming the masking effect of smoking on gingival bleeding, these findings indicate that betel chewing might significantly enhance gingival bleeding in the population studied.
Comparison between restorations in the permanent dentition produced by hand and rotary instrumentation – survival after 3 years
Authors: Taifour D. , Frencken J. E. , Beiruti N. , Van't Hof M. A. , Truin G. J. , Van Palenstein Helderman W. H. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract –Objectives: In the early 1990s, the Ministry of Education in Syria introduced a school oral health programme based on preventive and educational activities only. A restorative component was missing at that time. A few years later, the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) approach was considered an option to complement the oral health programme but little was known about the longevity of ART restorations in permanent teeth. The null hypothesis which was researched in this trial was: there is no difference between the survival of restorations placed through the ART approach using glass ionomer and those produced through the traditional approach using amalgam (MTA) in permanent dentitions after 3 years.Methods: Using a parallel group design, 679 grade 2 children, with a mean age of 7.5 years, participated. A total of 369 children were treated through the ART and 310 children through the MTA approach. Eight dentists produced a total of 1118 single‐ and multiple‐surface restorations.Results: The 3‐year dropout of the single‐surface restorations was 15.3%. Testing the null hypothesis for all single‐ and multiple‐surface restorations revealed a statistically significant difference between the two approaches in favour of the ART approach (P = 0.04). The study showed a 3‐year cumulative survival percentage of single‐surface ART and MTA restorations of 82.1 (SE = 1.9%) and 76.9% (SE = 2.3%), respectively. The difference was not statistically significant. The number of 3‐year surviving multiple‐surface restorations was too low for further analyses. The main failure characteristics for both single‐surface ART and MTA restorations were restoration missing and gross marginal defect. The 3‐year survival percentage of both single‐surface ART and MTA restorations varied widely among the eight operators resulting in an operator effect (P = 0.01).Conclusions: The null hypothesis was rejected in favour of the ART approach. It is recommended to select the ART approach to complement the educational and preventive activities of the school oral health programme in Syria.
An immunohistochemical study of CD4, CD8, TIA‐1 and CD56 subsets in inflammatory skin disease
Authors: Harvell Jeff D. , Nowfar‐Rad Mehran , Sundram Uma 
Published: December 2004

Background:  Antibodies to CD4, CD8, TIA‐1, and CD56 are available which perform well in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue. While previous studies have investigated CD4 and CD8 subsets in inflammatory skin disease, few have specifically addressed TIA‐1 and CD56 reactivity in benign dermatoses. Given that CD8, TIA‐1, and CD56 are linked to aggressive lymphoproliferative disorders (i.e. subcutaneous panniculitic T‐cell lymphoma, natural killer (NK), and NK/T‐cell lymphomas), it would be important to determine their specificity for cutaneous hematologic malignancies. This investigation was undertaken to determine the frequency with which common, benign dermatoses express these four markers. We also sought to determine whether the ratio of CD4‐ to CD8‐positive cells could be used to distinguish among the dermatoses, especially the superficial and deep perivascular ones.Methods: Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded sections from a variety of common inflammatory dermatoses were stained with antibodies to CD4, CD8, TIA‐1, and CD56. Positive reactions were scored as a percentage of the entire mononuclear cell infiltrate.Results: All of the dermatoses represented in the study showed TIA‐1‐ and CD56‐positive lymphocyte subpopulations. On a case‐by‐case basis, the percentage of positive cells varied, and while all cases were positive for TIA‐1, many were completely negative for CD56. For TIA‐1, the percentage of positive cells ranged from 21 to 59%, and for CD56, from < 1 to 9%. The CD4:CD8 ratio ranged from 1.0 to 6.0 but was never less than 1.0. In addition to lymphocytes, TIA‐1 also stained polymorphonuclear leukocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells.Conclusion: TIA‐1‐ and CD56‐positive lymphocytes are common participants in routine inflammatory dermatoses, and therefore these markers are not specific for aggressive lymphoproliferative disorders. Using only immunohistochemical data, the ratio of CD4‐ to CD8‐positive lymphocytes could not be used reliably to separate the superficial and deep perivascular dermatoses from one another. Finally, mast cells are positive for TIA‐1 and are commonly seen in normal and inflamed skin, and thus TIA‐1 is not specific for cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Adhesion molecules CD171 (L1CAM) and CD24 are expressed by primary neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (Merkel cell carcinomas)
Authors: Deichmann Martin , Kurzen Hjalmar , Egner Ursula , Altevogt Peter , Hartschuh Wolfgang 
Published: December 2004

Background:  The neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin is a rare malignant neuroendocrine tumor, which frequently metastasizes in regional lymph nodes or visceral organs. As adhesive interactions with endothelia, leukocytes, or thrombocytes enable malignant cells to penetrate the endothelium and to circulate in blood or lymphatic vessels, we here addressed the adhesion molecules CD171 (L1CAM) and CD24, which are known to be expressed by neurons, neuroblastomas, and other malignant tumors.Methods:  Thirty‐one neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (22 primary tumors, four recurrent tumors, and five metastases) were included in the study. Immunohistochemical staining of CD171 and CD24 was performed by the streptavidin–biotin–peroxidase‐complex technique and a nickel‐enhanced diaminobenzidine (DAB) reaction using the monoclonal antibodies UJ 127.11 and ML‐5, respectively.Results:  CD171 expression was detected in most neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, and staining was less frequent in metastases and recurrences in comparison with primary tumors which was statistically significant. The majority of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin was also positive for the mucin‐like adhesion protein CD24. In contrast to tumor cells, cytokeratin 20‐positive Merkel cells in 12 trichoblastomas and one fibroepithelioma of Pinkus were all negative for CD171 and CD24 staining.Conclusions:  Expression of CD171 and CD24 is found in most neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, which may be used diagnostically. Further studies will assess whether this feature may contribute to metastasis of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin by facilitating transendothelial migration or tumor cell dissemination as has been suggested for other malignancies.
Zirconyl hematoxylin vs. alcian blue staining in a case of extramammary Paget's disease
Authors: Smith Allen A. , Silver Timothy M. 
Published: December 2004

Background:  Despite its occasional unavailability, alcian blue has long been the stain of choice for the pathognomonic mucin‐secreting cells of extramammary Paget's disease. Zirconyl hematoxylin is a recently developed substitute for alcian blue, which is made from common laboratory materials.Methods:  We have stained sections from three different areas of the same case of extramammary Paget's disease with zirconyl hematoxylin, destained in 7% HCl in ethanol, restained with alcian blue at pH 2.5, destained in 2.5% trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane, and restained with zirconyl hematoxylin.Results:  Each staining procedure stained the same cells.Conclusions:  Zirconyl hematoxylin is a useful alternative to alcian blue in the diagnosis of extramammary Paget's disease.
Expression of S100A2 and S100B proteins in epithelial tumors of the skin
Authors: Park Hye‐Rim , Min Soo Kee 
Published: December 2004

Background:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of Ca2+‐binding S100 proteins, S100A2 and S100B, in normal skin. These immunohistochemical stain patterns were compared with those in a variety of epithelial tumors.Methods:  Paraffin‐embedded tissues of 38 skin tumors were evaluated immunohistochemically with S100A2 and S100B antibodies.Results:  Epidermal basal cells, epithelial cells of sebaceous glands, hair follicle epithelia, and eccrine ducts reacted strongly with S100A2 antibody. Langerhans' cells and melanocytes were labeled by S100B. Varying types of skin appendage tumors and most peripheral cells in tumor nests of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma showed positive S100A2 immunoreactivity in neoplastic cells. Basophilic cells of calcifying epithelioma were occasionally stained with S100A2 antibody. Chondroid syringoma containing neoplastic myoepithelial cells stained strongly for both S100A2 and S100B.Conclusions:  We conclude that S100A2 can be a specific marker of epithelial cells in the different skin tumors. However, these antibodies are not of much help in classifying skin appendage tumors.
The antiapoptotic effects of blood constituents in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Bomstein Yonit , Yuklea Mona , Radnay Judith , Shapiro Hava , Afanasyev Faina , Yarkoni Shai , Lishner Michael 
Published: December 2004

Abstract:Objective: Clonal B‐lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) are characterized by decreased sensitivity to programmed cell death and, therefore, they accumulate in vivo. However, these malignant cells die rapidly in vitro. In the current study we concentrated on the contribution of autologous serum (AS) and lymphocyte subsets to the survival of the malignant cells in vitro.Methods: Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood of 26 CLL patients and 24 controls were incubated overnight in the presence or absence of AS and heat‐inactivated AS (HI‐AS) or fetal calf serum (FCS). Also, isolated B cells were incubated at different concentrations in the presence of AS and/or isolated T cells. The level of apoptosis of CD19+ cells was measured by flow cytometry.Results: Spontaneous apoptosis of unfractionated B‐CLL cells incubated with AS, FCS or without serum was significantly lower than the rate of B‐cell death in the control group, in similar culture conditions. AS had an antiapoptotic effect on unfractionated B‐CLL cells when compared with FCS. The rate of apoptosis of B‐CLL cells was directly associated with stage. HI of AS had a variable effect, which was related to the stage of the disease. High concentrations of B cells and the addition of autologous T cells reduced the rate of apoptosis when incubated without serum. The antiapoptotic effect of T cells was most prominent in progressive stages.Conclusions: B‐CLL cells exhibit decreased spontaneous apoptosis, which is partially prevented by humoral (AS) and cellular (T cells and B‐CLL cells) factors. The equilibrium between apoptotic and antiapoptotic factors changes with disease progression.
Human papillomavirus‐negative ileostomal chronic papillomatous dermatitis
Authors: Williams Christy M. , Wieland Ulrike , Rodning Charles B. , Horenstein Marcelo G. 
Published: December 2004

Background:  Papillomatous stoma‐related skin lesions may result from irritant reactions or infection with epidermodysplasia verruciformis human papillomavirus (HPV) types.Methods:   We report upon a papillomatous lesion at the ileostoma of a 63‐year‐old male with familial adenomatous polyposis and colorectal adenocarcinoma. We thoroughly tested the lesion for HPV using immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction analyses.Results:   The lesion was a fleshy, multilobulated, and verrucous plaque, with hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, acanthosis and marked papillomatosis. The clinical and light microscopic features were suggestive of a condyloma. However, no HPV was detected.Conclusions:  We suggest that the lesion most likely represents chronic papillomatous dermatitis, a reaction to mechanical and/or chemical irritation usually associated with urostomies and only rarely observed with ileostomies. This case highlights the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of an unusual cutaneous morbidity associated with ileostomies.
Growth factor receptor profile of CD34+ cells in normal bone marrow, cord blood and mobilized peripheral blood
Authors: De Waele M. , Renmans W. , Asosingh K. , Vander Gucht K. , Van Riet I. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract:Growth factors regulate the proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic cells. Their effect on hemopoietic precursors differs according to the ontogenic source of the cells. Cord blood and mobilized blood CD34+ cells have a higher sensitivity for growth factors than bone marrow CD34+ cells. This could be due to a higher expression of growth factor receptors. Therefore, we examined the expression of receptors for stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐3, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and IL‐7 on the CD34+ cells of cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow. The receptors were detected with monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. The majority of the CD34+ cells in bone marrow clearly expressed SCFR; they showed a moderate positivity for IL‐3Rα and a weak staining for G‐CSFR and IL‐6 Rα. Less than 10% of the cells were IL‐7R positive. Cord blood CD34+ cells showed a higher expression of SCFR and a lower positivity for G‐CSFR and IL‐6Rα. Mobilized blood CD34+ cells showed a lower expression of SCFR and G‐CSFR, and a higher positivity for IL‐3Rα. This was not solely due to the presence of more myeloid precursors in mobilized blood, as the growth factor receptor profile did not correspond to that of early or late myeloid CD34+ precursors in normal bone marrow. Changes induced by the mobilization procedure occurred as well. In conclusion, the higher sensitivity for growth factors of hemopoietic precursors in cord blood and mobilized blood cannot be explained by a general increase of the growth factor receptor expression on the CD34+ cells.
Successful treatment of systemic amyloidosis with hepatic involvement and factor X deficiency by high dose melphalan chemotherapy and autologous stem cell reinfusion
Authors: Breems Dimitri A. , Sonneveld Pieter , de Man Rob A. , Leebeek Frank W. G. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract:Systemic amyloidosis with hepatic involvement is a rare disorder, which is characterized by the deposits of amyloid fibrils in the liver. The prognosis is poor and the median survival is 13 months. Bleeding problems resulting from coagulopathy frequently complicates systemic amyloidosis. We present two patients with a severe factor X deficiency and hepatomegaly as the presenting abnormalities of systemic amyloidosis. One of the patients was treated with high dose melphalan chemotherapy and autologous stem cell reinfusion, resulting in a normalization of the liver enzyme tests and the factor X level. The diagnosis and treatment of systemic amyloidosis with hepatic involvement and the management of the multifactorial coagulopathy in these cases is discussed.
Octaploid Meth‐A cells are established from a highly polyploidized cell population
Authors: Fujikawa‐Yamamoto Kohzaburo , Yamagishi Hiroko , Miyagoshi Minoru 
Published: December 2004

Abstract.  Tetraploid Meth‐A cells were polyploidized by demecolcin, an inhibitor of spindle fibre formation in M phase, and then released from the drug 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after the addition. Octaploid cells were successfully established from cell populations including hexadecaploid cells produced by 2, 3 and 4 days of exposure to demecolcin. One‐day‐treated cells were polyploidized octaploid cells, but they returned to tetraploid cells. All of the octaploid Meth‐A cells showed essentially the same features. The octaploid Meth‐A cells had eight homologous chromosomes and double the DNA content of the parent tetraploid cells. The doubling time of octaploid Meth‐A cells was 30.2 h, somewhat longer than the 28.3 and 24.0 h of tetraploid and diploid cells, respectively. The fractions of cells in the G1, S and G2/M phases were essentially the same in diploid, tetraploid and octaploid Meth‐A cells. The cell volume of octaploid Meth‐A cells was about two times that of the tetraploid cells. It was concluded that octaploid Meth‐A cells were established from transient hexadecaploid cells produced by the polyploidization of tetraploid cells that had been established from diploid cells.
Neighbourhood affects a plant’s risk of herbivory and subsequent success
Authors: KARBAN RICHARD 
Published: December 2004

1. It is generally assumed that growing in proximity to sources of nectar will benefit plants by attracting predators and parasites that reduce herbivore loads.2. This paper documents patterns of hornworm Manduca quinquemaculata abundance on wild tobacco plants Nicotiana attenuata. Observations suggested that several plant traits were associated with hornworm eggs and larvae.3. Hornworms were more likely to be found on large tobacco plants.4. Hornworms were more likely to be found on tobacco plants with flowering Eriastrum densifolium neighbours.5. Experimental removal of neighbouring Eriastrum densifolium flowers or whole plants reduced hornworm damage to tobacco plants in neighbourhoods with E. densifolium. The effects of these manipulations were not found to increase reproductive success of neighbouring tobacco plants, although tobacco reproduction was reduced where M. quinquemaculata was abundant.6. These results suggest that close proximity to nectar resources could decrease plant fitness.