bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice volatile compound (E)‐β‐caryophyllene induced by rice dwarf virus (RDV) attracts the natural enemy Cyrtorhinus lividipennis to prey on RDV insect vectors
Authors: Chang Xuefei , Guo Yating , Xie Yujia , Ren Yijia , Bi Yaluan , Wang Fang , Fang Qi , Ye Gongyin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice dwarf virus (RDV)‐induced rice plant volatiles (E)‐β‐caryophyllene and 2‐heptanol modulate the olfactory behavior of RDV insect vectors that promote viral acquisition and transmission. However, it remains elusive whether these two volatiles could influence the behaviors of the natural enemies of RDV insect vectors. Herein, we determined the effects of these two volatiles on the olfactory and predatory behaviors of Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Hemiptera: Miridae), an important predator of RDV insect vectors in rice paddies.RESULTSThe results showed that C. lividipennis preferred RDV‐infected rice plant odors over RDV‐free rice plant odors. C. lividipennis was attracted by (E)‐β‐caryophyllene, but showed no behavioral responses to 2‐heptanol. The attraction of (E)‐β‐caryophyllene towards C. lividipennis was further confirmed using oscas1 rice plants, which do not release (E)‐β‐caryophyllene in response to RDV infection, through a series of complementary assays. The oviposition preference of the RDV vector insect Nephotettix cincticeps (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) showed no significant difference between RDV‐infected and RDV‐free wild‐type plants, nor between oscas1‐RDV and oscas1 plants. However, the predation rate of C. lividipennis for N. cincticeps eggs on RDV‐infected plants was higher than that on RDV‐free plants, whereas there was no significant difference between oscas1‐RDV and oscas1 plants.CONCLUSION(E)‐β‐caryophyllene induced by RDV attracted more C. lividipennis to prey on N. cincticeps eggs and played a crucial role in plant–virus–vector–enemy interactions. These novel findings will promote the design of new strategies for disease control by controlling the populations of insect vectors, for example recruiting more natural enemies by virus‐induced plant volatiles. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pneumorrhachis secondary to exacerbation of asthma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Chris Zi‐Fan , Poci Nadia , Niewodowski Daniel , Baker Amy , McDonald Christine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPneumorrhachis is defined by the presence of air within the spinal cord. Spontaneous pneumorrhachis secondary to exacerbation of asthma is rare, and its management is rarely discussed. We present a case of spontaneous pneumorrhachis in the context of a viral exacerbation of asthma, followed by a systematic literature review of all available cases of pneumorrhachis in asthma exacerbation. A total of 25 case studies reported pneumorrhachis in 28 asthma patients, all of whom presented with concomitant pneumomediastinum. Investigation and exclusion for other potential aetiologies of pneumorrhachis such as trauma or infection occurred to varying extents and may depend on clinical presentation and degree of suspicion. No other contributing aetiologies were demonstrated in this review, and no patients required specific intervention for pneumorrhachis. Whilst pneumorrhachis is generally benign, management should revolve around standard care of asthma exacerbation, attention to potentially life‐threatening differential diagnoses, and supportive care.
Alternative Methods of Money Creation for the Benefit of the Private Sectors
Authors: Byttebier Koen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs already explained in more detail in Chap. 4, one of the principles of the new system of money creation—or, NMWO—proposed in our earlier work is that there would be put an end to so-called private money creation, i.e. the (scriptural or book-entry) money creation to which a private (deposit) bank proceeds when it grants credit to third parties (for total amounts exceeding its cash reserve).
The black hole behind the cut
Authors: Giusto Stefano , Iossa Cristoforo , Russo Rodolfo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the analytic structure of the heavy-heavy-light-light holographic correlators in the supergravity approximation of the AdS3 × S3/CFT2 duality. As an explicit example, we derive the correlator where the heavy operator is a classical microstate of the 5D supersymmetric black hole and its dual geometry interpolates as a function of a continuous parameter between global AdS3 and the extremal BTZ black hole. The simplest perturbation of this interpolating geometry by a light field is described by the Heun equation and we exploit the relation of its connection coefficients to the Liouville CFT to analytically compute the correlator in the two limits, focusing in particular on the black hole regime. In this limit we find that the real poles of the correlator become dense and can be approximated by a cut. We show that, when the charges of the heavy state are in the black hole regime, the discontinuity across the cut has complex poles corresponding to the quasi-normal modes of BTZ. This behaviour is qualitatively similar to what is expected for the large central charge limit of a typical black hole microstate.
Regge trajectories for the heavy-light diquarks
Authors: Chen Jiao-Kai , Feng Xia , Xie Jia-Qi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We attempt to apply the Regge trajectory approach to the heavy-light diquarks composed of one heavy quark and one light quark. However, we find that the direct application of the usual Regge trajectory formula for the heavy-light mesons and baryons fails. In order to correctly estimate the masses of the heavy-light diquarks, it is needed to consider the light quark mass correction and the parameter C in the Cornell potential within the Regge trajectory formula. By using the modified Regge trajectory formulas, we are able to estimate the masses of the heavy-light diquarks (cu), (cs), (bu) and (bs), which agree with other theoretical results. It is illustrated that the heavy-light diquarks satisfy the universal descriptions irrespective of heavy quark flavors, similar to other heavy-light systems such as the heavy-light mesons, the heavy-light baryons composed of one heavy quark (diquark) and one light diquark (quark), and the heavy-light tetraquarks composed of one heavy diquark (antidiquark) and one light antidiquark (diquark). The diquark Regge trajectory provides a new and very simple approach for estimating the spectra of the heavy-light diquarks.
The Artin-Hasse series and Laguerre polynomials modulo a prime
Authors: Avitabile Marina , Mattarei Sandro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor an odd prime p, let $${{\,\textrm{E}\,}}_{p}(X)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty } a_{n}X^{n}\in {\mathbb {F}}_p[[X]]$$

E

p

(
X
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

a
n

X
n

∈

F
p

[

[
X
]

]

denote the reduction modulo p of the Artin-Hasse exponential series. It is known that there exists a series $$G(X^p)\in {\mathbb {F}}_{p}[[X]]$$

G

(

X
p

)

∈

F
p

[

[
X
]

]

, such that $$L_{p-1}^{(-T(X))}(X)={{\,\textrm{E}\,}}_{p}(X)\cdot G(X^p)$$

L

p
-
1

(
-
T
(
X
)
)

(
X
)

=

E

p

(
X
)

·
G

(

X
p

)

, where $$T(X)=\sum _{i=1}^{\infty }X^{p^{i}}$$

T

(
X
)

=

∑

i
=
1

∞

X

p
i

and $$L_{p-1}^{(\alpha )}(X)$$

L

p
-
1

(
α
)

(
X
)

denotes the (generalized) Laguerre polynomial of degree $$p-1$$

p
-
1

. We prove that $$G(X^p)=\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }(-1)^n a_{np}X^{np}$$

G

(

X
p

)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

(
-
1
)

n

a

np

X

np

, and show that it satisfies $$ G(X^p)\,G(-X^p)\,T(X)=X^p. $$

G

(

X
p

)

G

(
-

X
p

)

T

(
X
)

=

X
p

.
Role of histamine H4 receptor in the anti-inflammatory pathway of glucocorticoid-induced leucin zipper (GILZ) in a model of lung fibrosis
Authors: Sgambellone Silvia , Febo Marta , Durante Mariaconcetta , Marri Silvia , Villano Serafina , Bereshchenko Oxana , Migliorati Graziella , Masini Emanuela , Riccardi Carlo , Bruscoli Stefano , Lucarini Laura 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
This study investigates the interactions between histaminergic system and glucocorticoid-induced leucin zipper (GILZ) in the inflammatory process and glucocorticoid modulation in lung fibrosis.

Methods
Wild-type (WT) and GILZ Knock-Out (KO) mice were treated with bleomycin (0.05 IU) or saline, delivered by intra-tracheal injection. After surgery, mice received a continuous infusion of JNJ7777120 (JNJ, 2 mg/kg b.wt.) or vehicle for 21 days. Lung function was studied by measuring airway resistance to air insufflation through the analysis of pressure at airway opening (PAO). Lung samples were collected to evaluate the expression of histamine H4R, Anx-A1, and p65-NF-kB, the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Results
Airway fibrosis and remodeling were assessed by measuring TGF-β production and α-SMA deposition. JNJ reduces PAO in WT but not in GILZ KO mice (from 22 ± 1 mm to 15 ± 0.5 and from 24 ± 1.5 to 19 ± 0.5 respectively), MPO activity (from 204 ± 3.13 pmol/mg to 73.88 ± 2.63 in WT and from 221 ± 4.46 pmol/mg to 107 ± 5.54 in GILZ KO), the inflammatory response, TGF-β production, and α-SMA deposition in comparison to WT and GILZ KO vehicle groups.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the role of H4R and GILZ in relation to glucocorticoids could pave the way for innovative therapies to counteract pulmonary fibrosis.
ArthroRad trial: randomized multicenter single-blinded trial on the effect of low-dose radiotherapy for painful osteoarthritis—final results after 12-month follow-up
Authors: Niewald Marcus , Moumeniahangar Sobhan , Müller Lara N. , Hautmann Matthias G. , Dzierma Yvonne , Fleckenstein Jochen , Gräber Stefan , Rübe Christian , Hecht Markus , Melchior Patrick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Updated report about the randomized comparison of the effect of radiotherapy on painful osteoarthritis (OA) applying a standard dose vs. a very low dose regime after a follow-up of 1 year.

Patients and methods
Patients presenting with OA of the hand/finger and knee joints were included. After randomization (every joint region was randomized separately) the following protocols were applied: (a) standard arm: total dose 3.0 Gy, single fractions of 0.5 Gy twice a week; (b) experimental arm: total dose 0.3 Gy, single fractions of 0.05 Gy twice a week. The dosage was blinded for the patients. For evaluation the scores after 1‑year visual analog scale (VAS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score–Short Form (KOOS-PS), Short Form Score for the Assessment and Quantification of Chronic Rheumatic Affections of the Hands (SF-SACRAH) and 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used (for further details: see [1]).

Results
The standard dose was applied to 77 hands and 33 knees, the experimental dose was given to 81 hands and 30 knees. After 12 months, the data of 128 hands and 45 knees were available for evaluation. Even after this long time, we observed a favorable response of pain to radiotherapy in both trial arms; however, there were no reasonable statistically significant differences between both arms concerning pain, functional, and quality of life scores. Side effects did not occur. The only prognostic factor was the pain level before radiotherapy.

Conclusions
We found a favorable pain relief and a limited response in the functional and quality of life scores in both treatment arms. The possible effect of low doses such as 0.3 Gy on pain is widely unknown.
Management of chondral and osteochondral lesions of the hip
Authors: Itha Rajesh , Vaishya Raju , Vaish Abhishek , Migliorini Filippo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChondral and osteochondral lesions encompass several acute or chronic defects of the articular cartilage and/or subchondral bone. These lesions can result from several different diseases and injuries, including osteochondritis dissecans, osteochondral defects, osteochondral fractures, subchondral bone osteonecrosis, and insufficiency fractures. As the cartilage has a low capacity for regeneration and self-repair, these lesions can progress to osteoarthritis. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the subject matter that it covers. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were accessed using the following keywords: “chondral lesions/defects of the femoral head”, “chondral/cartilage lesions/defects of the acetabulum”, “chondral/cartilage lesions/defects of the hip”, “osteochondral lesions of the femoral head”, “osteochondral lesions of the acetabulum”, “osteochondral lesions of the hip”, “osteochondritis dissecans,” “early osteoarthritis of the hip,” and “early stage avascular necrosis”. Hip osteochondral injuries can cause significant damage to the articular surface and diminish the quality of life. It can be difficult to treat such injuries, especially in patients who are young and active. Several methods are used to treat chondral and osteochondral injuries of the hip, such as mesenchymal stem cells and cell-based treatment, surgical repair, and microfractures. Realignment of bony anatomy may also be necessary for optimal outcomes. Despite several treatments being successful, there is a lack of head-to-head comparisons and large sample size studies in the current literature. Additional research will be required to provide appropriate clinical recommendations for treating chondral/osteochondral injuries of the hip joint.
The Fröhlich Polaron at Strong Coupling: Part I—The Quantum Correction to the Classical Energy
Authors: Brooks Morris , Seiringer Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study the Fröhlich polaron model in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$

R

3

, and establish the subleading term in the strong coupling asymptotics of its ground state energy, corresponding to the quantum corrections to the classical energy determined by the Pekar approximation.
The influence of plasma sPD-L1 concentration on the effectiveness of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients
Authors: Chmielewska Izabela , Grenda Anna , Krawczyk Paweł , Frąk Małgorzata , Kuźnar Kamińska Barbara , Mitura Weronika , Milanowski Janusz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
PD-L1 (Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1) is currently the only recognised marker of response to immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this marker is not perfect. Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) may be a novel predictor of immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC patients.

Material and methods
We enrolled 120 patients (median age 68 ± 6.81 years, 70 males and 50 females) with locally advanced (stage IIIB; 10 patients) or advanced (stage IV; 110 patients) NSCLC. PD-L1 expression in tumour cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 117 (97.5%) patients. The soluble PD-L1 concentration in plasma samples was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The response to immunotherapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), calculated from the start of immunotherapy, were assessed in 119 patients.

Results
Patients with disease control had significantly lower (p = 0.0006) concentrations of sPD-L1 in blood plasma than patients with progression during the first months of immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy Patients with ≥ 6 month progression-free survival had a significantly higher (p = 0.013) percentage of tumor cells with PD-L1 expression than patients with shorter PFS. Patients with ≥ 6 months OS had significantly lower (p = 0.0142) plasma sPD-L1 concentrations than those with shorter overall survival. The median PFS was significantly higher in patients with low sPD-L1 concentrations than in those with high concentrations of this protein (5.8 vs. 2.5 months, HR = 0.6021, p = 0.0156). Similarly, patients with low sPD-L1 levels had a significantly higher median overall survival than those with sPD-L1 levels above the median (16.5 vs. 7 months, HR = 0.5354, p = 0.0071). There was no significant correlation between the percentage of tumour cells expressing PD-L1 and the concentration of sPD-L1 in the blood plasma.

Conclusion
High sPD-L1 concentration is a negative predictor of immunotherapy efficacy in patients with NSCLC. It is worthwhile to determine sPD-L1 concentration to predict the risk of resistance to anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies with greater certainty.
Analysing Factors Prolonging Hospital Stay After Excision of Choledochal Cyst—A Pathway Towards Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
Authors: Ma Marco King In , Chung Patrick Ho Yu , Yeung Fanny , Wong Kenneth Kak Yuen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate factors affecting length of stay (LOS) after choledochal cyst resection in paediatric patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study on patients operated between 2004 and 2021. Associations between clinical factors and LOS were evaluated by bivariate analysis, multiple regression, and equivalence test.ResultsSixty‐two patients were included. Twenty‐four underwent hepaticoduodenostomy as biliary reconstruction. Five suffered from major complications. The median (25th–75th percentile) operation time was 279 (182–378) min. Median LOS, time to enteral feeding, and time to abdominal drain removal were 8(6–10), 2(1–3), and 5(4–7) days, respectively. Seven factors were found significantly associated with a shorter LOS in bivariate analysis and were included in multiple regression. It revealed that early abdominal drain removal (p < 0.001), early enteral feeding (p = 0.042), and the absence of major complications (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with shorter LOS. Equivalence test suggested that age and preoperative cholangitis had no practical effect on LOS.ConclusionsEarly enteral feeding, early drain removal, and avoidance of major complications are associated with a shorter LOS.
Prospects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (MZ945930) Mediated Enhancement of Capsicum annuum L. Plants Under Stress of Alternaria alternata in Terms of Physiological Traits, Thiol Content, Antioxidant Defense, and Phytohormones
Authors: Abdelhameed Reda E. , Metwally Rabab A. , Soliman Shereen A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlants encounter many biotic entities, such as fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, which induce biotic stress that disrupts normal metabolism and limits the growth and productivity of plants. Currently, the use of plant growth-promoting bacterial endophytes instead of synthetic fungicides is intriguingly eco-friendly. An in vitro and in vivo antagonistic approach using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 was used to mimic the pathogenic effect of Alternaria alternata. The results showed that B. amyloliquefaciens significantly inhibited pathogenic fungal growth in vitro. Further, Capsicum annuum L. (pepper plants) were grown and subjected to inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and infected with A. alternata, and then the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, physio-biochemical parameters, and the level of endogenous phytohormones were assessed. Under the pathogen attack, the main responses, such as plant length, total fresh and dry weights, total chlorophylls, and pigments, were reduced, accompanied by increases in H2O2. As well, infection of pepper with A. alternata caused downregulation in the plant hormonal system by significantly decreasing gibberellins, indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid, as well as cytokinin concentrations. Although, with B. amyloliquefaciens application, an enhancement in growth, photosynthetic pigments, proline, thiol content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase in pepper plant leaves appeared while the content of H2O2 decreased. Endogenous phytohormones were found to be upregulated in B. amyloliquefaciens-inoculated and diseased plants. The current study found that B. amyloliquefaciens RaSh1 rescued pepper plant growth by modulating antioxidant defense and regulating hormones, and could be used to control A. alternata in an environmentally friendly manner while maintaining sustainable agriculture and food security.
Spektrum von Feuerwerksverletzungen an einer Universitäts-Augenklinik nach dem COVID-19-Lockdown
Authors: Framme C. , Book B. , Hufendiek K. , Panidou-Marschelke E. , Sinicin E. , Lindziute M. , Rauscher J. , Hamann M. , Agostini H. , Gabel-Pfisterer A. 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Der Umgang mit Feuerwerkskörpern führt regelmäßig zu vielfältigen Verletzungen im Augenbereich. Nachdem unter dem COVID-Lockdown und dem Verbot des Feuerwerk-Verkaufes für den privaten Bereich in den beiden vergangenen Jahren die Verletzungszahlen massiv gesunken sind, musste zum letzten Jahreswechsel wieder ein erheblicher Anstieg registriert werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, den Umfang und das Spektrum solcher Verletzungen in einem Zentrum der Maximalversorgung in Hannover darzustellen.

Methoden
Im Rahmen der bundesweiten Erhebung feuerwerksassoziierter Augenverletzungen in notfallversorgenden Augenkliniken wurde die Daten der MHH-Augenklinik über den Zeitraum von 3 Tagen (30.12.22 bis 01.01.23) zusammengetragen und bezüglich Geschlecht, Alter, Schweregrad, Verletzungsmuster, Art der Feuerwerkskörper und der Behandlung bewertet.

Ergebnisse
Von insgesamt n = 25 Verletzten waren n = 19 (76 %) männlichen Geschlechts. Die meisten Patienten stellten sich am Neujahrstag vor (n = 14); (Silvester: n = 9; 30.12.22: n = 2), wobei in der Mehrzahl der Fälle leichte Verletzungen mit Reizungen und Erosiones der Augenoberfläche registriert wurden (n = 15; 60 %). Bei 4 Patienten ergaben sich mittelschwere Verletzungen mit Bulbuskontusion, Hyphäma und ggf. Irisbasiseinrissen (16 %). Sechs Patienten zogen sich schwerste, überwiegend offene Augenverletzungen zu (24 %), wobei 2 Augen mittels Eviszeration primär versorgt werden mussten. Das Zünden von Feuerwerksbatterien offenbarte das höchste Risiko für schwere Verletzungen, wobei hauptsächlich Männer zwischen dem 31. und 40. Lebensjahr betroffen waren. Kinder bis zum 12. Lebensjahr verletzten sich in der Regel nur leicht, wobei es aber hier wie auch bei den Jugendlichen Ausnahmen gab. Der Verursacher der Feuerwerksverletzung war in 52 % der Fälle selbst betroffen, in 48 % wurde ein Zuschauer Opfer des Unfalls. Im Fall von komplexen Verletzungen konnte unter Umständen erst die chirurgisch explorative Diagnostik zur korrekten Diagnose und bestmöglichen Versorgung führen.

Schlussfolgerung
Das Ausmaß von Feuerwerksverletzungen ist vielfältig, und die Folgen inklusive Erblindung können gravierend sein. Die Belastung für die diensthabenden Ärztinnen und Ärzte an Silvester und Neujahr war dieses Jahr enorm, da mit der Freigabe des privaten Feuerwerkes wieder konzentriert eine Vielzahl von zu versorgenden Patienten über die Notaufnahme hinzukommen, die teilweise komplexer chirurgischer Versorgung bedürfen. Um schwere Augenverletzungen zu verhindern, sollte die gezielte Aufklärung über die Risiken von privatem Feuerwerk intensiviert und es sollten Möglichkeiten der Erhöhung der Sicherheit diskutiert werden.
The expressive power of voting rules
Authors: Bourgeois-Gironde Sacha , Ferreira João V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDifferent voting rules are commonly used to settle collective decisions. A promising way to assess voting rules, for which little is known, is to compare the expressive utility that voters derive from voting with each rule. In this paper, we first propose a simple ordinal model of expressive voting that allows us to compare voting rules in terms of the expressive utility that voters can derive from voting (their expressive power). Our model provides a novel testable implication according to which expected turnout increases with expressive power. We then ran an online experiment testing this implication in a controlled environment. We find that if voters are made aware of alternative voting rules, turnout is higher in voting rules with higher expressive power. Our results also show that higher expressive power is associated with a better representation of voters’ actual preferences and, according to our model, higher expressive utility. This suggests that the expressive power of voting rules is a relevant criterion when choosing between voting rules for economic and political decisions.