bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF CAVITY VOLUME ON COOLING PERFORMANCE OF SYNTHETIC JET DEVICE
Authors: Ismail Hazimi , Fadzli Aizat , Zubair Ahmad Faiz , Abd Manap Muhammad Faris , Yusoff Hamid , Sh Abdul Nasir Sh Mohd Firdaus 
Published: January 2024

Dissipating heat in a small space is a significant limitation that may cause overheating in electronic devices. A synthetic jet refers to a cooling system that does not require a fan and instead relies on the intake and ejection of a high-velocity working fluid through a solitary aperture. This process ensures that there is no overall mass flow. This study examined the effect of the volume cavity at varying distances from the nozzle to the heated surface, and at varying frequencies. In this study, three experiments involving heater characteristics, external and internal temperatures, and fluid air velocity for the manufactured synthetic jet were conducted by utilizing a 100-watt, 24-volt heater. The power input was set to achieve a consistent heater surface temperature at 343.15 K. Five different volumes were tested in the range of 300 Hz to 700 Hz driving frequency at a distance of 50 mm between the nozzle and the heated surface. Compared to other driving frequencies, it was observed that 500 Hz in Model 1 (431.75 K) produced the highest cooling effect by reducing the greatest temperature drop. It is assumed that the resonance frequency with the greatest amplitude is 500 Hz. The highest temperature decrease was obtained at a 50 mm distance. The maximum air velocity for each model was measured at 10 mm, while the lowest air velocity was obtained at a 70 mm distance. Model 1 of the synthetic jet produced the highest and lowest air velocity of 1.29 and 0.08 metres per second, respectively.
Effect of Human Body to the Read Range of Wireless Communication Devices and Wearable Antenna Worn in Close Proximity
Authors: Suryanata Faishal Adilah , Sim Man Seng , Nabil Salem Ba-Saleh Ammar , Dewan Raimi , You Kok Yeow 
Published: January 2024

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless data collecting method that makes use of the RF portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Currently, numerous industries, particularly the healthcare industry, are using RFID technology. This study goes into further detail on the RFID tag's read range between an empty space and a proximity to the human body. In this study, it will also explain about the effect on the read range when in the empty space and in close proximity to human. Additionally, human proximity effect on the performance of wearable antenna is also explored. Furthermore, metamaterial also being introduced to enhance the performance for getting the optimized read range and potential means in improving the antenna performance for wearable application.
Current Trends and Innovations in Enhancing the Aerodynamic Performance of Small-Scale, Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines: A Review
Authors: Kassa Belayneh Y. , Baheta Aklilu T. , Beyene Asfaw 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Wind energy has proven to be one of the most promising resources to meet the challenges of rising clean energy demand and mitigate environmental pollution. The global new installation of wind turbines in 2022 was 77.6 GW, bringing the total installed capacity to 906 GW, documenting an astounding 9% growth in just one year (Lee and Zhao, 2023, Global Wind Report, GWEC. Global Wind Energy Council). Sizeable research continues to focus on improving wind energy conversion, safety, and capacity. However, funding allocations and research have not matched this sustained market growth observed over the last few decades. This is particularly the case for small-size wind turbines. We define small-scale wind turbines as those with an output power of 40 kW or less that can nonetheless be interconnected to provide larger power output. Thus, the paper focuses on small-scale horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT) with emphasis on current technology trends including data gathering, aerodynamic performance analysis of airfoils and rotors, as well as computational approaches. The paper also highlights the challenges associated with small-scale HAWTs thereby conjecturing about future research directions on the subject. The literature review suggests that small-scale HAWT wind turbines are suitable for harnessing energy in communities with limited resources where grid-supplied power is out of reach. The power coefficient of these turbines ranges from 0.2 to 0.45 which shows that it could greatly benefit from research, built on targeting these modest performance scales by using efficient airfoils, mixed airfoils, optimizing the blade geometry, shrouding the wind turbine rotor, using maximum power tracking control, etc. This review paper is an attempt to prioritize and layout strategies toward evaluating and enhancing the aerodynamic performance of small-scale HAWTs.
Fairness- and Uncertainty-Aware Data Generation for Data-Driven Design Based on Active Learning
Authors: Xie Jiarui , Zhang Chonghui , Sun Lijun , Zhao Yaoyao Fiona 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The design dataset is the backbone of data-driven design. Ideally, the dataset should be fairly distributed in both shape and property spaces to efficiently explore the underlying relationship. However, the classical experimental design focuses on shape diversity and thus yields biased exploration in the property space. Recently developed methods either conduct subset selection from a large dataset or employ assumptions with severe limitations. In this paper, fairness- and uncertainty-aware data generation (FairGen) is proposed to actively detect and generate missing properties starting from a small dataset. At each iteration, its coverage module computes the data coverage to guide the selection of the target properties. The uncertainty module ensures that the generative model can make certain and thus accurate shape predictions. Integrating the two modules, Bayesian optimization determines the target properties, which are thereafter fed into the generative model to predict the associated shapes. The new designs, whose properties are analyzed by simulation, are added to the design dataset. This constructs an active learning mechanism that iteratively samples new data to improve data representativeness and machine learning model performance. An S-slot design dataset case study was implemented to demonstrate the efficiency of FairGen in auxetic structural design. Compared with grid and randomized sampling, FairGen increased the coverage score at twice the speed and significantly expanded the sampled region in the property space. As a result, the generative models trained with FairGen-generated datasets showed consistent and significant reductions in mean absolute errors.
Probing an Easy-to-Deploy Multi-Agent Manufacturing System Based on Agent Computing Node: Architecture, Implementation, and Case Study
Authors: Wang Liping , Nie Qingwei , Zhang Zequn , Tang Dunbing , Liu Changchun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Due to the widespread adoption of personalized customization services, the application contexts within discrete manufacturing workshops have become increasingly intricate, necessitating the modern industry to evolve toward a more adaptable production trajectory. The pre-established production rules in a traditional centralized control manufacturing system present difficulties in accommodating dynamic situations. Although a multi-agent manufacturing system (MAMS) yields natural advantages in handling dynamic emergencies, the current research is limited to the computer simulation level and lacks integration with the underlying physical devices. In order to mitigate said challenges, the standardization modeling approach for the agent computing node (ACN) to facilitate the implementation of a readily deployable MAMS was proposed in the present study. Initially, adapters encompassing communication, decision, and control modules were developed within the industrial personnel computer-based computing node to accommodate the heterogeneous interface protocols of diverse machines. These adapters enable communication and interaction among machines while laying the computational foundation for the ACN. Accordingly, the models of the machine agent, the part agent, and the monitoring agent were constructed based on ACNs and could perceive the dynamic production information and support the enabling application. Subsequently, to guide ACNs in making scheduling decisions beneficial to global performance, an improved negotiation mechanism in MAMS was achieved in real-time. Finally, the proposed MAMS based on the ACN was deployed in an actual flexible machining workshop. Comparative experiments were implemented and, as exhibited from the experimental results, the proposed ACNs possessed the capabilities of achieving optimal global decision-making and facilitating straightforward deployment.
Bayesian-Optimized Riblet Surface Design for Turbulent Drag Reduction via Design-by-Morphing With Large Eddy Simulation
Authors: Lee Sangjoon , Moazam Sheikh Haris , Lim Dahyun D. , Gu Grace X. , Marcus Philip S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A computational approach is presented for optimizing new riblet surface designs in turbulent channel flow for drag reduction, utilizing design-by-morphing (DbM), large Eddy simulation (LES), and Bayesian optimization (BO). The design space is generated using DbM to include a variety of novel riblet surface designs, which are then evaluated using LES to determine their drag-reducing capabilities. The riblet surface geometry and configuration are optimized for maximum drag reduction using the mixed-variable Bayesian optimization (MixMOBO) algorithm. A total of 125 optimization epochs are carried out, resulting in the identification of three optimal riblet surface designs that are comparable to or better than the reference drag reduction rate of 8%. The Bayesian-optimized designs commonly suggest riblet sizes of around 15 wall units, relatively large spacing compared to conventional designs, and spiky tips with notches for the riblets. Our overall optimization process is conducted within a reasonable physical time frame with up to 12-core parallel computing and can be practical for fluid engineering optimization problems that require high-fidelity computational design before materialization.
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of a Cobweb-Like Channel Heat Sink Using Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Wei Hongmei , Yu Ruien 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The cobweb-like microchannel heat sink is acknowledged for its exceptional heat transfer capabilities in comparison to other biomimetic microchannel heat sinks. The objective of this article is to improve the performance of the cobweb-like microchannel heat sink by optimizing its geometric structure parameters through a multi-objective approach. The Box–Behnken design method was utilized to conduct response surface analysis on the design variables, and the Pareto solution set was obtained by applying the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to the fitted functions of pressure and temperature. The TOPSIS method was used to select the most appropriate solution from the Pareto solution set. The performance of a microchannel heat sink was evaluated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. The optimized structure of the cobweb-like microchannel heat sink led to a decrease in the average temperature by 3 K and a reduction in pressure drop by 1514 Pa, as compared to the original design. This significant improvement in the overall performance highlights the importance of a well-designed channel structure in further enhancing the comprehensive performance of the microchannel heat sink.
Compressor Water Extraction
Authors: Farman Judith R. , Day Ivor J. , Dickens Tony M. J. , Taylor James V. , Hussain Zahid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The effect of putting a bleed slot behind the rotor or stator of a modern representative intermediate pressure compressor stage has been investigated using a purpose-built test rig. The first part of the paper goes over the construction and operation of a rig, which for the first time allows for accurate measurement of water extraction and rapid testing of a variety of bleed slot geometries. Using this test rig, it was found that the use of a bleed slot behind the rotor increases water extraction by up to 40 percentage points compared to placing it behind the stator. The overall extraction efficiency for the rotor exit was above 70% for all bleed rates considered from 0% to 30% and is relatively constant. Whilst rotor exit bleed might be advantageous for water extraction, further improvements in extraction efficiency are required for future engines with low fan speed and low blade solidity. The final part of the paper looks at the effect of a bleed lip protrusion to improve water extraction, as this can be retrofitted in engines. An extra 5 percentage points can be achieved by doing this without a penalty operability. This has been explained using 3D computational fluid dynamics by examining the flow separation topology.
Study on the Influence of Fan and Fan Cowl on Intake Air Parameters of Cooling Module
Authors: Zhang Zhenxing , Wang Dan , Guo Yue , Shen Lei , Wang Xiaodan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Due to the increase in heat load, the demand for heat dissipation of the cabin cooling module has increased. The fan arrangement and the design of the fan cowl can significantly affect the intake air parameters, thereby affecting the performance of the heat exchangers. In this paper, the whole vehicle model was set up and the effect of the fan installation distance, the fan cowl coverage ratio, and the radial extension of the fan cowl outlet was researched by numerical simulation. The results show that due to the relative position of the layout of the cooling module, the effect of the fan arrangement and the fan cowl design on the intake parameters of the radiator is greater than that of the intercooler. The improvement of the air velocity uniformity can reduce the intake air average temperature for better heat dissipation; a 2% improvement in air intake velocity uniformity can lead to a 6% reduction in air intake average temperature event at a low air mass flow. The extended installation distance of the fan or the increased closure degree of the fan cowl leads to more favorable intake parameters, thereby optimizing the cooling performance of the heat exchangers. Moreover, when the fan cowl coverage ratio reaches 0.9, the air intake average temperature increases by 5.6%, which means that the fan cowl coverage should not be too high. This study will provide useful reference information for the design of cooling modules in the cabin.
Multi-Physical Field Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Heating in Heavy Oil Reservoirs With Different Well Configurations
Authors: Chen Hong-Wei , Zhang Shan-Shan , Li Yang , Xu Chi , Qin Shu-Xing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Stable and efficient extraction of heavy oil is crucial for addressing the current shortage of crude oil resources. Electromagnetic (EM) heating effectively reduces oil viscosity and improves oil recovery rate by heating oil layers with EM radiation. However, the selection of well configurations for EM heating oil recovery has yet to be thoroughly studied. This article uses numerical simulation methods to study the effect of different well configurations on the oil recovery efficiency of EM heating heavy oil reservoirs. A complex EM heating model coupled with an EM temperature seepage field was established to simulate two different well configurations: vertical and horizontal wells. The results indicate that the horizontal well configuration is more efficient in heating heavy oil reservoirs in the same area than the vertical well configuration. Vertical heating wells facilitate the swift creation of a flow channel around the wellbore due to the direction of heavy oil flow coinciding with that of the well. However, the horizontal configuration takes longer for a flow channel to form. Despite this, the temperature distribution in the reservoir under the horizontal configuration is more uniform, and high temperatures do not accumulate around the heating wells. On the other hand, with a vertical configuration, the heat accumulates at the bottom of the well along with the flow of heavy oil. Increasing EM power and frequency can lead to a rise in reservoir temperature and facilitate the flow of heavy oil. However, it is important to note that beyond a certain point, the benefits of increased power and frequency become limited and may result in an excessively high temperature of heavy oil. These results can guide the selection of appropriate well configurations for EM heating in heavy oil reservoirs.
Experimental Investigation on the Thermal Performances of a New Design of Pulsating Heat Pipe With Two Condensers
Authors: Nikolaenko Yu. E. , Solomakha A. S. , Melnyk R. S. , Lipnitskyi L. V. , Kravets V. Yu. , Kozak D. V. , Pekur D. V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, for the first time, a novel design of pulsating heat pipe (PHP) with one evaporator and two condensers located on both sides of the evaporator at an angle to the horizon was proposed, manufactured, and experimentally investigated for the purpose of use in cooling systems for electronic devices operating in a tilted position. The PHP body is made of a copper capillary tube with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm. The working fluid is methanol. The number of turns is 4. The heating zone dimensions are 60 mm × 36 mm, and the cooling zone dimensions are 200 mm × 35 mm. The РНР condensers were cooled by aluminum radiators blown by two fans with an air flowrate of 5.2 m3 h–1. The launch of the РНР began with a power of 30 W at all positive tilt angles and in a horizontal position. The dependences of the temperature in the heating and cooling zones and the PHP thermal resistance both on the power input (from 30 W to 200 W) and on the orientation in space (at tilt angles of 0 deg, 15 deg, 30 deg, 60 deg, 90 deg) were obtained. It is shown that when the evaporator is located below the condensers, the РНР works stably. Moreover, in the power range from 120 W to 200 W, the tilt angle practically does not affect the thermal resistance of the PHP. A comparison of the thermal resistance of the developed РНР with known РНРs filled with methanol showed the high efficiency of the developed РНР: at power input from 120 W to 200 W, the thermal resistance was from 0.2 °С W–1 to 0.18 °С W–1. The developed РНР design is promising for use in air cooling systems, for instance, of radar transmit/receive modules and high-power LED lighting systems.
Dynamic Behaviors of Delaminated Nanofilms Partly Bonded on Substrates With Sub-Nanoscale van der Waals Dynamic Boundaries
Authors: Dong Zhi-Qi , Hu Kai-Ming , Lin Hui-Yue , Deng Xin-Lu , Xin Yi-Hang , Meng Guang , Zhang Wen-Ming 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dynamic behaviors of delaminated nanofilms on substrates are universal and essential phenomena in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Van der Waals (vdWs) interactions play an important role in the dynamic behaviors of delaminated nanofilms on substrates due to the interaction distances at nanoscale or even sub-nanoscale in NEMS. Therefore, it is interesting yet challenging to reveal the effect of intermolecular vdWs interactions on dynamic behaviors of delaminated nanofilms on substrates. By considering sub-nanoscale dynamic boundary effects induced by intermolecular vdWs interactions, a parametric excitation nonlinear vibration model for dynamic behaviors of delaminated nanofilms partly bonded on substrates is established. Effects of sub-nanoscale vdWs dynamic boundaries on transient and steady-state responses of dynamically delaminated nanofilms on substrates are analyzed. The sub-nanoscale vdWs dynamic boundaries lead the dynamic responses of delaminated-nanofilm/substrate systems very sensitive to initial conditions. The bending and shifting frequency response results demonstrated that the system nonlinearities can be greatly amplified by the sub-nanoscale vdWs dynamic boundary effect. Moreover, the spontaneous symmetry breaking and violent interfacial tearing/healing phenomena can be also triggered in the systems. Based on spontaneous symmetry breaking, a trans-scale relationship between nanofilm equilibrium positions and intermolecular vdWs interactions is established, which can provide a promising route for trans-scale measurements of molecular scale interfacial interactions. The work can also be helpful for the dynamic design of resonant NEMS devices based on nanofilm/substrate systems.
Lower-Extremity Energetic Distribution During Rate-Controlled Ballet Jumps (Sautés) in Healthy Dancers
Authors: Yamaguchi Amanda C. , Trejo Lindsey H. , Shih Hai-Jung Steffi , Ortiz-Weissberg David , Kulig Kornelia 
Published: January 2024

Dancers frequently perform jumps in the context of a prolonged, continuous dance piece. The purpose of this study is to explore the lower-extremity energetics in healthy dancers performing repetitive dance jumps (sautés) before and after typical dance-specific choreography. Lower-extremity kinetic data were collected from 14 healthy female dancers during a series of sautés performed before and after 3 minutes of dance. Percent contributions of the lower-extremity joints to the whole-limb mechanical energy expenditure during ground contact were calculated. The jumps performed at the beginning were compared with the jumps at the end of the dance choreography. Dancers maintained the jump rate and consistent whole-limb mechanical energy expenditure between the jump series. As expected, for both jump series, the sautés had greater relative energetic contribution from the ankle and knee as compared with lesser contribution from the hip and toe. However, we observed lesser contribution from the knee and greater contribution from the hip after a 3-minute dance. After performing typical dance choreography, the dancers demonstrated a distal to proximal redistribution of individual joints’ contribution to whole-limb mechanical energy expenditure.
Effect of Floss Band on Anaerobic Exercise and Muscle Tissue Oxygenation
Authors: Marko David , Vymyslický Patrik , Miřátský Petr , Bahenský Petr , Malý Tomáš , Vobr Radek , Krajcigr Miroslav 
Published: January 2024

Context: Flossing is still a relatively new technique that has yielded varied results in the research literature; therefore, it requires further investigation. Previous research has shown that thigh tissue flossing might improve performance in countermovement jump, sprint time, maximum voluntary contraction, and rate of force development. Design: The present study aims to investigate the effect of the floss band on performance during the Wingate test (30-WAT), muscle oxygen saturation (SpO2), and total hemoglobin in vastus lateralis. Methods: Twenty-two students of physical education and sport (11 men and 11 women) were randomly selected to complete either the Wingate test with the application of a floss band in warm-up or the Wingate test without the use of a floss band, followed by the alternative 24 hours apart. Results: Throughout the testing, the floss band did not affect performance values during the Wingate test (relative peak power, relative average power, and fatigue index). However, there was a medium to large effect difference during 1 minute prior to 30-WAT (PRE), during the 30-WAT, and 10-minute recovery (REC) in values of SpO2 and total hemoglobin. Use of floss band displayed a higher SpO2 during PRE, 30-WAT, and REC by ∼13.55%, d < 2; ∼19.06%, d = 0.89; and ∼8.55%, d = 0.59, respectively. Conclusion: Collectively, these findings indicate that the application of thigh flossing during warm-up has no effect on 30-WAT performance; however, SpO2 was significantly increased in all stages of testing. This could lead to potential improvement in repeated anaerobic exercise due to increased blood flow. Increased muscle oxygen saturation can also lead to improved tissue healing as oxygen supply is essential for tissue repair, wound healing, and pain management.