bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructures Evolution of a Second Generation Single Crystal Superalloy after Long Term Aging at 980°C
Authors: Yipeng Zhang , Jinxia Song , Gang Li , Dinggang Wang , Xinguang Guan , Qinjia Wang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The microstructure evolution of the second-generation single crystal superalloy DD412 aged at 980°C for 1000 h were investigated. The results show that needle-shaped topologically close packed (TCP) phases rich in Re and W were firstly found in the dendritic core region after aging at 980°C for 400h, while the size and amount of TCP phases increased gradually with aging time, which is due to the fact that high melt point elements Re and W segregated to the dendritic core region. With the increment of aging time, the size of γ′ phase increased and volume fraction of γ′ phase decreased. The γ′ phase in dendrite core and inter-dendrite region remained cuboidal basically, and the γ′ phase in second dendritic arm showed directional coarsening after aging for 800 h. The MC carbides in inter-dendritic region decomposed gradually and transformed to the M6C carbides partially during long term aging, while few fine blocky M6C carbides precipitated in dendritic core after aging for 400h. The different microstructure evolution in dendritic region is due to the dendrite segregation of alloying elements and elements diffusion during aging.
Influence of temperature on corrosion behavior of N80 Steel in multiple thermal fluid environment
Authors: Shi Shengkai , Feng Wenbin , Sun Chong , Lin Xueqiang , Sun Jianbo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During offshore oil production, O2 could be introduced into the multiple thermal fluid, and the temperature of the wellbore can reach up to 200°C, which may result severe corrosion of tubing. However, the corrosion mechanism of downhole pipes in such aggressive environment remains unclear in the high-temperature and high-pressure CO2-O2-H2O mixed environment. Herein, we investigated the corrosion behaviour of N80 steel with different temperatures in CO2-O2-H2O environment. The influence of temperature on composition and structure of the corrosion product film of N80 steel was characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the corrosion rates of N80 steel performed a downward trend with the increase of the temperature, but it increased slightly at 180°C. The corrosion rate of N80 steel was up to 1.6 mm/y at 60°C, owing to the damage to corrosion product film by O2 and reduced its protection at lower temperature. As the temperature increased, the formation of Fe3O4 enhanced the protection of the inner corrosion product film, thereby greatly reducing the corrosion rate. However, the product of (FeCa)CO3 in the corrosion film completely lost its protection at 180°C, and the corrosion rate increased slightly to 0.84 mm/y. With the temperature increased to 240°C the corrosion rate of N80 steel reduced to 0.24 mm/y on account of the formation of dense and complete Fe3O4.
Effect of aging treatment on the microstructure and properties of cold rolled Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy
Authors: Qi Lichun , Zhang Yeqin , Zhang Mingjie , Huang Lijun , Huang Xu , Zhao Xinqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs a typical metastable titanium alloy with high strength and toughness, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al titanium alloy has found wide applications in aerospace industry to replace forging steel components for light weight, long service life and high reliability. In the present study the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of cold rolled Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy undergoing aging treatment were characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and mechanical testing, in attempt to understand the relationship between the microstructural evolution and aging treatment temperature and time. It is revealed that the secondary α phase had a very short propagation time to nucleate, and holding 5 min could give rise to the transformation from β phase to secondary α phase when cold rolled alloy suffered from aging at 550°C. This could be attributed to the large amounts of dislocations and grain boundaries by cold deformation, which provide nucleation sites for α phase. Increasing aging time could accelerate the transformation from β phase to secondary α phase. With aging at 550°C for 30 min, a large amount of fine secondary α phase formed, offering a good combination of strength and ductility. With increasing aging time the coarsening secondary α phase led to a decrement of strength of the alloy.
Analysis and experimental study on the cause of fracture of a Transmission line’s Drainage connecting plate
Authors: Jiang Fei , Lv Yanting , Zhao Tongkun , Sun Hebin , Xie Jinpeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The transmission line is exposed to the outdoors for a long time, and the operation environment is complex, which makes the line equipment prone to corrosion, wore and heat, etc. The fracture of the drainage plate of the tensioning wire is one of the problems that often occur in the operation of the transmission line. Based on the systematic analysis of the problem of the fracture of the drainage plate of a transmission line, the causes of the fracture of the drainage plate are obtained, and the corresponding rectification measures are proposed, which has an important reference for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the subsequent transmission line.
Parallel Operation for 11 kV Ring System with Normally Open Point at Distribution Networks in AADC
Authors: AlAhmad Omar , AlDahmi Maha , Rayees Ahamed Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Currently, Al Ain Distribution Company (AADC) 11 kV distribution circuits are electrically split by Normal Open Points (NOP)s. NOPs can be closed for load restoration in case of planned or unplanned outages. Also, changing the NOP locations helps in load shifting to achieve network optimization between adjacently located 33/11 kV primary substations. This paper discusses a new operation mode in medium voltage distribution power network of AADC at Al Ain area in the United Arab Emirates by introducing closed loops of parallel 11 kV feeders from different busbars or substations. This operation mode is intended to end the continuous debate of optimal NOP locations in addition to expected reduction in the required time for load restoration in case of failures at distribution (11/0.4 kV) substations. A detailed case study is performed to explore the achieved benefits and enhancements on load balancing, voltage profile, and power factor in medium voltage networks. On the other hand, the impact on load flow, protection scheme, and loading violation are evaluated. Furthermore, the proposed model is in line with the regulations of the Department of Energy (DoE), regulatory body in Abu Dhabi Emirate, and should fully comply with Electricity Distribution Code (EDC) of Security of Supply Standards. Accordingly, while the current used operation mode is still valid, it is found that closed loops arrangement can be only allowed for rings from same 33/11 kV substations feeding from same source with considerable protection limitations. Moreover, it was concluded that closed loops from different 33/11 kV Substations will result in load flow problems.
Research on space temperature environmental performance and technology of aerospace RF cable assembly
Authors: Tong Lijun , Li Xiang , Zhao Ming , Xie Qian , Cai Libin , Wang Shuaibo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aerospace RF cable assembly is an important component for the propagation of space communication signals, which can achieve impedance matching and energy transmission of microwave signal transmission paths. In addition to the requirements for a wide frequency range, low insertion loss, and low standing wave as required for conventional RF cable components, it must also possess high reliability, spatial temperature resistance, vacuum high-power transmission, and other spatial adaptability capabilities. This article primarily discusses the damage to the insulation materials of cable components under space-limit temperatures and its impact on the performance of the cable components. The problem of deterioration and even failure of the performance of aerospace RF cable components in high and low-temperature alternating environments in space has been addressed through the adoption of corresponding measures.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on SSA-mRVM
Authors: Zhu Xingtong , Huang Minchuan , Wang Aiguo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to accurately diagnose the faults of rolling bearings, in this paper, a fault diagnosis method is proposed based on multiclass relevance vector machines (mRVM) optimized by the sparrow search algorithm (SSA). Complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD) is applied to feature extraction of vibration signals. Optimizing the parameters of multiclass relevance vector machines involves the use of the sparrow search algorithm. The optimized multiclass relevance vector machines model is applied for fault diagnosis to obtain accurate diagnostic results.
Integrated design of lateral-directional control law and vertical tail load for civil aircraft
Authors: Liu Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
According to new requirements of airworthiness regulation CS25.353, the advanced lateral-directional P-Beta control law design is studied in this paper. The LQR method based on the tracking command model is used to design the lateral-directional control law parameters. At the same time, the vertical tail load model of aircraft for yaw maneuver is introduced into the lateral-directional control law design model. The aim is to build the integrated design of control law and flight load. Finally, the simulation results show that the P-Beta control law can not only improve Dutch roll damping and coordination turn characteristics, but it can also reduce the yaw maneuver load by 18.5%. Thus, the structure weight of the aircraft’s vertical tail can be reduced.
Leakage performance of hybrid brush seals under high differential pressure conditions
Authors: Li Hao , Huo Weibin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A three-dimensional axial fluid-porous medium-flow field model was designed for the sealing properties of the hybrid brush seal (HBS) seal structure under complex operating conditions. Using a computational fluid dynamics model in view of non-Darcy porous media, the pressure and velocity distributions of the sealing medium in the flow path were simulated, and the flow characteristics of the hybrid brush seal were analysed to obtain the leakage of the hybrid seal structure. The results show the implication of pressure ratio (Rp) on the labyrinth brush seal leakage rate and pressure distribution. Compared with typical brush seal test results, as the inlet and outlet pressure ratio (Rp) increases, the more obvious the hybrid brush seal sealing effect is, when the pressure ratio is 3 bar, the spillage of the hybrid brush seal is reduced by about 39%.
Research on pipeline stress test method of civil aircraft hydraulic system
Authors: Ni Junfei , Qi Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The hydraulic system is an important component of the aircraft, whose performance status directly affects the aircraft’s flight safety, and aircraft hydraulic system piping is the main component of the hydraulic system. In the development process, civil aircraft must be tested and analyzed on the hydraulic system piping vibration and stress. This paper takes the hydraulic system pipeline of civil aircraft as the research object, carries out the research of pipeline stress test method, and provides the stress test method and reliable test data for verifying whether the design of the hydraulic system pipeline is reasonable.
Preliminary design of lunar high-resolution remote sensing micro-nano satellite
Authors: Wang Yusong , Zeng Chaoli , Zhong Xing , Hu Xin , Guan Junchang , Yu Xiaozhou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The development and utilization of lunar resources and the construction of lunar scientific research stations are important parts of China’s future lunar exploration plan. Aiming at the problems of China’s micro-nano satellites with low radiation resistance, lack of autonomous Earth-Moon transfer capability, and limited optical system volume and quality, a preliminary design scheme of a lunar remote sensing micro-nano satellite with autonomous Earth-Moon transfer capability is proposed. Using the analytical orbit average technology and transcription and collocation method to calculate the satellite’s Earth-Moon transfer orbit, the satellite can use the Hall thruster with large specific impulse and low thrust to realize the autonomous Earth-Moon transfer. The passive + active method is used to optimize the radiation resistance of the system, and the total radiation dose of some single machines can reach more than 25krad. A compact high-resolution multispectral camera is designed, and imaging simulation and verification are carried out. In the end, the satellite can achieve high-resolution imaging of the moon with a resolution of 0.2 m at an orbital height of 100 km to achieve the purpose of fine exploration of information such as lunar surface topography and geological structure.
Study on the performance of a novel 1DOF isolator with QZS characteristics
Authors: Wei Chunyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A typical one-degree-of-freedom (1DOF) shock isolator that has quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) characteristics consists of two transversal springs and one portrait spring. The transversal springs can provide negative stiffness and the vertical spring is used as a load-bearing component. In this article, an improved 1DOF QZS shock isolator is obtained by utilizing the combination of lateral bars and springs. The displacement transmissibility under the harmonic excitation is obtained and the principle of minimum displacement transmissibility under the condition of system stability is proposed. Finally, numerical simulation is conducted, and the simulation results reflect that the proposed 1DOF QZS isolator significantly performs better than the previous one.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the propeller thrust reduction in bollard pull condition
Authors: Wen Xiao , Liu Zhenghao , Xu Changjian , Ding Ju 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The polar ships are often in bollard pull condition, which is prone to induce propeller cavitation and cause thrust reduction, weakening the ship’s ice-breaking ability. Based on the model tests and numerical simulations, this paper aims to investigate the propeller thrust reduction in the bollard pull condition. Firstly, the test of a self-designed ice class propeller under different cavitation numbers is carried out. The thrust reduction phenomenon is successfully captured and the hydrodynamic characteristics are obtained. Subsequently, the simulation based on Star-CCM+ is performed. It is found that the propeller thrust decreases almost linearly after the cavitation number reaches a certain threshold. When the cavitation number is equal to 0.25, the thrust decreases to 38.1% of that in the open water condition. By analyzing the mechanism of thrust reduction, the main reason is recognized that the average pressure of the blade face decreases greatly due to the influence of the cavitation on the blade back.
Thermal design and flight validation of the chang’e-4 relay satellite
Authors: Ren Hongyan , Yang Changpeng , Sun Tengfei , Huang Xing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Chang’e-4 relay satellite operates in the HALO orbit at the Earth-Moon Lagrange L2 point, which can provide relay communication to the lander and the rover operating on the lunar far side to maintain their contacts with the earth and is a key link of the Chang’e-4 exploration mission. Unlike most LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites, the outer space environment of the Chang’e-4 relay satellite is much harsher. The Chang’e-4 relay satellite must suffer from a torrid environment that faces direct sunlight or direct exposure to 4K deep cold space in a shadow zone which may last longer than 6 hours. The Chang’e-4 relay satellite must ensure the operation and temperature control of instruments and equipment during the shadow zone with a limited battery level. This proposes high demands on the TCD (Thermal Control Design). The entire satellite resources were reasonably used for integrated TCD with limited battery level and limited weight. According to the working mode of the Chang’e-4 relay satellite and its torrid environment, its TCD was completed successfully, and on-orbit test data conformed to the expected results and theoretical calculation. TCD of the Chang’e-4 relay satellite has worked normally since the day that the Chang’e-4 relay satellite was launched into space.
Study on the effects of incremental curing on the thermal conductivity, insulation, and mechanical properties of thermal conductive silicone rubber
Authors: Zhang Kang , Qiu Jianhui , Sakai Eiichi , Zhang Guohong , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Chonan Yasunori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
With the development of fields such as electronics and telecommunications, electronic devices are becoming more integrated and powerful. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for high thermal conductive and insulating flexible materials. Silicone rubber (SR), as an excellent flexible substrate, is often combined with various thermal conductive fillers to enhance its thermal conductivity (TC). Carbon materials are commonly used as thermally conductive fillers. To improve the insulation performance while maintaining the TC of the material, uncured SR filled with boron nitride (BN) is used as an insulating layer on the same substrate. The TC of the once-cured BN/SR composite and the incremental cured BN/SR composite as a coating are 0.492 W/(mK) and 0.484 W/(mK), respectively, with a BN content of 10 vol%. The TC of carbon fiber (CF)/SR composites before and after surface treatment with BN/SR are 1.760 W/(mK) and 1.682 W/(mK), respectively, with a CF content of 20 vol%. The volume resistivity of the former is less than 104 Ω cm, while the latter is greater than 1014 Ω cm.
High injection molding welding strength and cross-sectional analysis of carbon fiber composite materials
Authors: Wu Haonan , Qiu Jianhui , Sakai Eiichi , Zhang Guohong , Zhao Wei , Tang Jianhua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, carbon fibers, commonly used as reinforcement materials, were added to polyamide (nylon) PA6 to fabricate carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP), which were then subjected to injection molding welding. The aim of this research was to investigate the positive influence of carbon fibers on injection molding welding strength and explore the optimal injection conditions. Three different joining combinations and various injection parameters were examined. The tensile fracture surfaces after welding were observed using polarized microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The reinforcing mechanism of carbon fibers was analyzed. Ultimately, the optimal conditions were determined as a mold temperature of 120°C, an injection temperature of 380°C, and an injection velocity of 150 mm/s. The addition of carbon fibers exhibited significant strengthening effects on the injection molded joints, and it also provided the potential for injection molding welding between resins with poor compatibility.
Effect of alloy composition on the 45 steel microstructure and properties of scanning electron beam surface alloying
Authors: Li Yusheng , Wang Mian , Wang Yupeng , Wei Xing , Ren Wenli , Ren Xulong , Li Zhibo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the surface properties of 45 steel, the effects of different scanning electron beam treatments on the surface properties of 45 steel were studied. The research results indicate that after scanning electron beam surface alloying (SEBSA) treatment, in addition to forming needle like martensite, carbides (tungsten carbide and molybdenum carbide) also exist in the alloying zone of the strengthening layer, moreover, the grains become finer. After scanning electron beam alloying treatment, the surface hardness reached 1250HV, which is 5-6 times the substrate. Compared with the wear loss of the matrix, the wear resistance of the sample after SEBSA treatment increased by nearly six times.
Study on the effect of container tilt on the falling speed of suspended particles in gravity field
Authors: Pan Shuaicheng , Li Wenbo , Guo Anqi , Wang Shuohang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The boycott effect is widely used in wastewater purification, drinking water purification, and mixture treatment in industry and manufacturing. In this paper, we analyze the settling velocity of particles in the clear water and suspended zones, and investigate the reasons for the tilting angle of the vessel to accelerate the settling velocity of particles. This paper uses video tracking software to analyze the settling velocity of particles in the experiment and draws conclusions.
Spatial counterfactuals to explore disastrous flooding
Authors: Merz Bruno , Nguyen Viet Dung , Guse Björn , Han Li , Guan Xiaoxiang , Rakovec Oldrich , Samaniego Luis , Ahrens Bodo , Vorogushyn Sergiy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Flood-prone people and decision-makers are often unwilling to discuss and prepare for exceptional events, as such events are hard to perceive and out of experience for most people. Once an exceptional flood occurs, affected people and decision-makers are able to learn from this event. However, this learning is often focussed narrowly on the specific disaster experienced, thus missing an opportunity to explore and prepare for even more severe, or different, events. We propose spatial counterfactual floods as a means to motivate society to discuss exceptional events and suitable risk management strategies. We generate a set of extreme floods across Germany by shifting observed rainfall events in space and then propagating these shifted fields through a flood model. We argue that the storm tracks that caused past floods could have developed several tens of km away from the actual tracks. The set of spatial counterfactual floods generated contains events which are more than twice as severe as the most disastrous flood since 1950 in Germany. Moreover, regions that have been spared from havoc in the past should not feel safe, as they could have been badly hit as well. We propose spatial counterfactuals as a suitable approach to overcome society’s unwillingness to think about and prepare for exceptional floods expected to occur more frequently in a warmer world.
Extending third quantization with commuting observables: a dissipative spin-boson model
Authors: Medic Luka , Ramšak Anton , Prosen Tomaž 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider the spectral and initial value problem for the Lindblad–Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan master equation describing an open quantum system of bosons and spins, where the bosonic parts of the Hamiltonian and Lindblad jump operators are quadratic and linear respectively, while the spins couple to bosons via mutually commuting spin operators. Needless to say, the spin degrees of freedom can be replaced by any set of finite-level quantum systems. A simple, yet non-trivial example of a single open spin-boson model is worked out in some detail.