bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rings, Holes and Substantivalism: On the Program of Leibniz Algebras
Authors: Rynasiewicz Robert 
Published: November 2002

In a number of publications, John Earman has advocated a tertium quid to the usual dichotomy between substantivalism and relationism concerning the nature of spacetime. The idea is that the structure common to the members of an equivalence class of substantival models is captured by a Leibniz algebra which can then be taken to directly characterize the intrinsic reality only indirectly represented by the substantival models. An alleged virtue of this is that, while a substantival interpretation of spacetime theories falls prey to radical local indeterminism, the Leibniz algebras do not.I argue that the program of Leibniz algebras is subject to radical local indeterminism to the same extent as substantivalism. In fact, for the category of topological spaces of interest in spacetime physics, the program is equivalent to the original spacetime approach. Moreover, the motivation for the program—that isomorphic substantival models should be regarded as representing the same physical situation—is misguided.
Content, Causation, and Psychophysical Supervenience
Authors: Owens Joseph 
Published: November 2002

There is a growing acceptance of the idea that the explanatory states of folk psychology do not supervene on the physical. Even Fodor (1987) seems to grant as much. He argues, however, that this cannot be true of theoretical psychology. Since theoretical psychology offers causal explanations, its explanatory states must be taxonomized in such a way as to supervene on the physical. I use this concession to invert his argument and cast doubt on the received model of folk psychological explanation as causal explanation by intentionally individuated states. This in turn undermines the central model of cognitive theory—causal explanation by representational states.I wanted to become a Napoleon—that's why I killed the old woman.Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
A PROCESS ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER-GENERATED PATIENT REMINDERS DELIVERED BY NURSING PERSONNEL
Authors: TAPE THOMAS G. , FLACH STEPHEN D. , CAMPBELL JAMES R. 
Published: November 2002

Purpose: To measure the extent to which health care reminders are offered by nursing personnel and accepted by patients, we performed a detailed process study of a computer-generated, patient-specific mammography reminder. Subjects: 25,971 consecutive visits by 2,814 women age 50 and older seen during an eight year period in an academic internal medicine practice. Methods: An implementation trial with historical controls was done in the Internal Medicine Clinic at the University of Nebraska Medical Center. We incorporated a computer reminder system into the nursing check-in process along with the standing orders for mammograms. The administration of the reminder, the patient response to the reminder, and subsequent follow-through with mammography were tracked during the intervention phase. Patients were considered "up-to-date" if a mammogram had been done within two years before the visit, or if one was obtained within 60 days after the visit. Results: The proportion of patients up-to-date increased from 48% during a four-year pre-intervention phase to 54% in the intervention phase. Process analysis showed that clinic personnel offered the reminder in 31% of eligible visits, 11% of reminded patients agreed, and 53% of patients who agreed had mammography done. One unsuspected carcinoma was diagnosed. Patient race, insurance coverage, and number of visits during the prior two years influenced whether patients agreed to mammography and whether they then had the test done.
Vacation Days Taken, Work During Vacation, and Burnout Among US Physicians
Authors: Sinsky Christine A. , Trockel Mickey T. , Dyrbye Lotte N. , Wang Hanhan , Carlasare Lindsey E. , West Colin P. , Shanafelt Tait D. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceVacation has been shown to be an important restorative activity in the general population; less is known about physicians’ vacation behaviors and their association with burnout and professional fulfillment.ObjectiveTo examine the number of vacation days taken per year and the magnitude of physician work while on vacation and their association with physician burnout and professional fulfillment, by individual and organizational characteristics.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional survey of US physicians was conducted between November 20, 2020, and March 23, 2021. Data analysis was performed from March to July 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBurnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Index, and professional fulfillment was measured using the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index. Number of vacation days taken in the last year, time spent working on patient care and other professional tasks per typical vacation day (ie, work on vacation), electronic health record (EHR) inbox coverage while on vacation, barriers to taking vacation, and standard demographics were collected.ResultsAmong 3024 respondents, 1790 of 3004 (59.6%), took 15 or fewer days of vacation in the last year, with 597 of 3004 (19.9%) taking 5 or fewer days. The majority, 2104 respondents (70.4%), performed patient care–related tasks on vacation, with 988 of 2988 (33.1%) working 30 minutes or more on a typical vacation day. Less than one-half of physicians (1468 of 2991 physicians [49.1%]) reported having full EHR inbox coverage while on vacation. On multivariable analysis adjusting for personal and professional factors, concern about finding someone to cover clinical responsibilities (odds ratio [OR], 0.48 [95% CI, 0.35-0.65] for quite a bit; OR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.21-0.43] for very much) and financial concerns (OR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.36-0.66] for quite a bit; OR, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.27-0.54] for very much) were associated with decreased likelihood of taking more than 3 weeks of vacation per year. Taking more than 3 weeks of vacation per year (OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.45-0.98] for 16-20 days; OR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.40-0.86] for &amp;gt;20 days vs none) and having full EHR inbox coverage while on vacation (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.88) were associated with lower rates of burnout on multivariable analysis, whereas spending 30 minutes or longer per vacation day on patient-related work (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22-2.04 for 30-60 minutes; OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.41-2.77 for 60-90 minutes; OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.36-2.73 for &amp;gt;90 minutes) was associated with higher rates of burnout.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of 3024 physicians, the number of vacation days taken and performing patient-related work while on vacation were associated with physician burnout. System-level efforts to ensure physicians take adequate vacation and have coverage for clinical responsibilities, including EHR inbox, may reduce physician burnout.
Geoalkalibacteraceae
Authors: Zavarzina Daria G. , Merkel Alexander Y. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Ge.o.al.ka.li.bac.te.ra.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.
Geoalkalibacter
, type genus of the family; L. fem. pl. n. suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Geoalkalibacteraceae
, the family of the genus
Geoalkalibacter
.

Desulfobacterota_F / Desulfuromonadia / Desulfuromonadales / Geoalkalibacteraceae

The family is a member of the order
Desulfuromonadales
in the phylum
Desulfobacterota_F
and consists of a single genus
Geoalkalibacter
. The family
Geoalkalibacteraceae
includes strictly anaerobic chemolitho‐ or chemoorganotrophic bacteria that inhabit soda lakes or petroleum reservoirs. They are alkalitolerant or alkaliphiles, halotolerant or moderate halophiles using molecular hydrogen or a wide range of organic compounds as energy sources and either soluble or insoluble Fe(III), Mn(IV), or sulfur compounds as electron acceptors. Members of this family are electroactive microorganisms and can also use Fe(II)‐containing minerals or cathodes as electron donors.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 57.05–60.57 (genome analysis).

Type genus
:
Geoalkalibacter
Zavarzina et al. 2006, VL115 emend. Greene et al. 2009.
Methylopila
Authors: Agafonova Nadezhda V. , Kaparullina Elena N. , Doronina Nina V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Me.thy.lo.pi'la. N.L. neut. n.
methyl
, the methyl group; L. fem. n.
pila
, ball or sphere; N.L.
Methylopila
, methyl‐using sphere.

Pseudomonadota / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Methylopilaceae / Methylopila

The genus
Methylopila
accommodates strictly aerobic facultatively methylotrophic bacteria. Cells are Gram‐stain‐negative, rod shaped, asporogenous, and motile or nonmotile; occur singly or in pairs; multiply by binary fission; and contain poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate granules. Utilize methanol and methylamine as well as a variety of multicarbon compounds as carbon and energy sources. Assimilate C
1
compounds by isocitrate lyase‐negative variant of the serine pathway. Growth factors are not required. Ammonium salts, nitrate, urea, peptone, some amino acids, and methylated amines are utilized as nitrogen sources. Do not grow on CH
4
or H
2
/CO
2
/O
2
. Oxidase‐, catalase‐, and urease‐positive. Indole is formed from
l
‐tryptophan on mineral medium with methanol as the sole carbon and energy source and KNO
3
as the sole nitrogen source. Acids are produced from sugars oxidatively. Growth occurs at 10–37°C (but not at 42°C), pH 5.0–10.0. The major fatty acid is C
18:1
ω7
c
. The major quinone is Q‐10. The genome sizes are 3.72–4.14 Mb. According to Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), the genus belongs to the phylum
Pseudomonadota
, class
Alphaproteobacteria
, order
Rhizobiales
, and family
Methylopilaceae
. Representatives of this genus inhabit phyllosphere and rhizosphere of various plants, fruits, and activated sludge, polluted and natural soils.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 64.5–70.4 (
T
m
and genome analyses).

Type species
:
Methylopila capsulata
Doronina et al. 1998
VP
.
Qipengyuania
Authors: Xu Xue‐Wei , Fu Ge‐Yi , Wang Ming‐Lei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Qi.pen.gyu.an'i.a. N.L. fem. n.
Qipengyuania
, named after Qipeng Yuan, a Chinese biologist, who has achieved excellent accomplishments in biopharmaceuticals, natural product research and development, genetic engineering drugs, etc.

Pseudomonadota / Alphaproteobacteria / Sphingomonadales / Sphingomonadaceae / Qipengyuania

The genus
Qipengyuania
, belonging to the family
Sphingomonadaceae
, order
Sphingomonadales
, class
Alphaproteobacteria
, and phylum
Pseudomonadota
, currently includes 30 species with validly published names. Cells are Gram‐stain‐negative, non‐spore‐forming, rod, spherical, or pleomorphic cocci. Aerobic or facultatively aerobic chemoorganotrophs. Slightly halophilic or halotolerant, mostly grow well in the salinity range of 0–14.0% (w/v) NaCl, with the optimum of 1.0–5.0%. Grow at pH range from 4.0 to 11.0, with an optimum at pH 6.5–9.0. Mesophilic, optimal growth at 20–37°C, growth range 4–45°C. The colony color is yellow, orange, or light green. Cells contain carotenoid pigments but not bacteriochlorophyll
a
. The major isoprenoid quinone is ubiquinone‐10. The main fatty acids mostly detected are hexadecenoic acid (C
16:1
), heptadecenoic acid (C
17:1
), and octadecenoic acid (C
18:1
). The major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The DNA G + C content is 60.1–66.8 mol% (by genome sequence). The known habitats are aquatic environments such as hot springs, seawater, mangrove soil, and marine invertebrates as well as distributed in subterrestrial sediment.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 60–67 (by genome).

Type species
:
Qipengyuania sediminis
Feng et al. 2015
VP
, emend. Xu et al. 2020.
Cytoplasmic Accumulation of Histones Induced by BET Inhibition Protects Cells from C9orf72 Poly(PR)‐Induced Cell Death
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , Guo Xiaohong , Guo Jinjing , Shi Conglin , Wu Yuanyuan , Chen Liuting , Mao Renfang , Fan Yihui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRepeat dipeptides such as poly(proline‐arginine) (polyPR) are generated from the hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene. These dipeptides are often considered as the genetic cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). In the study, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled PR20 is used to investigate PR20‐induced cell death. The findings reveal that the cell death induced by PR20 is dependent on its nuclear distribution and can be blocked by a nuclear import inhibitor called importazole. Further investigation reveals that BRD4 inhibitors, such as JQ‐1 and I‐BET762, restrict cytoplasmic localization of PR20, thereby reducing its cytotoxic effect. Mechanistically, the inhibition of BRD4 leads to an increase in the expression of numerous histones, resulting in the accumulation of histones in the cytoplasm. These cytoplasmic histones associate with PR20 and limit its distribution within the nucleus. Notably, the ectopic expression of histones alone is enough to confer protection to cells treated with PR20. In addition, phenylephrine (PE) induces cellular hypertrophy and cytoplasmic distribution of histone, which also helps protect cells from PR20‐induced cell death. The research suggests that temporarily inducing the presence of cytoplasmic histones may alleviate the neurotoxic effects of dipeptide repeat proteins.
NADPH Oxidase‐Like Nanozyme for High‐Efficiency Tumor Therapy Through Increasing Glutathione Consumption and Blocking Glutathione Regeneration
Authors: Han Di , Ding Binbin , Zheng Pan , Yuan Meng , Bian Yulong , Chen Hao , Wang Meifang , Chang Mengyu , Kheraif Abdulaziz A. Al , Ma Ping'an , Lin Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo counteract the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by rapid growth, tumor cells resist oxidative stress by accelerating the production and regeneration of intracellular glutathione (GSH). Numerous studies focus on the consumption of GSH, but the regeneration of GSH will enhance the reduction level of tumor cells to resist oxidative stress. Therefore, inhibiting the regeneration of GSH; while, consuming GSH is of great significance for breaking the redox balance of tumor cells. Herein, a simple termed MnOx‐coated Au (AMO) nanoflower, as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) nanoenzyme, is reported for efficient tumor therapy. Au nanoparticles exhibit the capability to catalyze the oxidation of NADPH, hindering GSH regeneration; while, concurrently functioning as a photothermal agent. During the process of eliminating intracellular GSH, MnOx releases Mn2+ that subsequently engages in Fenton‐like reactions, ultimately facilitating the implementation of chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Overall, this NOX enzyme‐based nanoplatform enhances ROS generation and disrupts the state of reduction equilibrium, inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis by blocking GSH regeneration and increasing GSH consumption, thereby achieving collaborative treatments involving photothermal therapy (PTT), CDT, and catalytic therapy. This research contributes to NADPH and GSH targeted tumor therapy and showcases the potential of nanozymes.
Supramolecular Assembly Based on Calix(4)arene and Aggregation‐Induced Emission Photosensitizer for Phototherapy of Drug‐Resistant Bacteria and Skin Flap Transplantation
Authors: Wang Rui‐Peng , Liu Wenbin , Wang Xiaoxuan , Shan Guogang , Liu Tuozhou , Xu Fengrui , Dai Honglian , Qi Chunxuan , Feng Hai‐Tao , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy as a burgeoning and non‐invasive theranostic technique has drawn great attention in the field of antibacterial treatment but often encounters undesired phototoxicity of photosensitizers during systemic circulation. Herein, a supramolecular substitution strategy is proposed for phototherapy of drug‐resistant bacteria and skin flap repair by using macrocyclic p‐sulfonatocalix(4)arene (SC4A) as a host, and two cationic aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), namely TPE‐QAS and TPE‐2QAS, bearing quaternary ammonium group(s) as guests. Through host–guest assembly, the obtained complex exhibits obvious blue fluorescence in the solution due to the restriction of free motion of AIEgens and drastically inhibits efficient type I ROS generation. Then, upon the addition of another guest 4,4′‐benzidine dihydrochloride, TPE‐QAS can be competitively replaced from the cavity of SC4A to restore its pristine ROS efficiency and photoactivity in aqueous solution. The dissociative TPE‐QAS shows a high bacterial binding ability with an efficient treatment for methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in dark and light irradiation. Meanwhile, it also exhibits an improved survival rate for MRSA‐infected skin flap transplantation and largely accelerates the healing process. Thus, such cascaded host–guest assembly is an ideal platform for phototheranostics research.
Near‐Infrared Induced miR‐34a Delivery from Nanoparticles in Esophageal Cancer Treatment
Authors: Alden Nick A. , Yeingst Tyus J. , Pfeiffer Hanna M. , Celik Nazmiye , Arrizabalaga Julien H. , Helton Angelica M. , Liu Yiming , Stairs Douglas B. , Glick Adam B. , Goyal Neerav , Hayes Daniel J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrent nucleic acid delivery methods have not achieved efficient, non‐toxic delivery of miRNAs with tumor‐specific selectivity. In this study, a new delivery system based on light‐inducible gold–silver–gold, core–shell–shell (CSS) nanoparticles is presented. This system delivers small nucleic acid therapeutics with precise spatiotemporal control, demonstrating the potential for achieving tumor‐specific selectivity and efficient delivery of miRNA mimics. The light‐inducible particles leverage the photothermal heating of metal nanoparticles due to the local surface plasmonic resonance for controlled chemical cleavage and release of the miRNA mimic payload. The CSS morphology and composition result in a plasmonic resonance within the near‐infrared (NIR) region of the light spectrum. Through this method, exogenous miR‐34a‐5p mimics are effectively delivered to human squamous cell carcinoma TE10 cells, leading to apoptosis induction without adverse effects on untransformed keratinocytes in vitro. The CSS nanoparticle delivery system is tested in vivo in Foxn1nu athymic nude mice with bilateral human esophageal TE10 cancer cells xenografts. These experiments reveal that this CSS nanoparticle conjugates, when systemically administered, followed by 850 nm light emitting diode irradiation at the tumor site, 6 h post‐injection, produce a significant and sustained reduction in tumor volume, exceeding 87% in less than 72 h.
Ultraflexible Wireless Imager Integrated with Organic Circuits for Broadband Infrared Thermal Analysis
Authors: Kawabata Rei , Li Kou , Araki Teppei , Akiyama Mihoko , Sugimachi Kaho , Matsuoka Nozomi , Takahashi Norika , Sakai Daiki , Matsuzaki Yuto , Koshimizu Ryo , Yamamoto Minami , Takai Leo , Odawara Ryoga , Abe Takaaki , Izumi Shintaro , Kurihira Naoko , Uemura Takafumi , Kawano Yukio , Sekitani Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFlexible imagers are currently under intensive development as versatile optical sensor arrays, designed to capture images of surfaces and internals, irrespective of their shape. A significant challenge in developing flexible imagers is extending their detection capabilities to encompass a broad spectrum of infrared light, particularly terahertz (THz) light at room temperature. This advancement is crucial for thermal and biochemical applications. In this study, a flexible infrared imager is designed using uncooled carbon nanotube (CNT) sensors and organic circuits. The CNT sensors, fabricated on ultrathin 2.4 µm substrates, demonstrate enhanced sensitivity across a wide infrared range, spanning from near‐infrared to THz wavelengths. Moreover, they retain their characteristics under bending and crumpling. The design incorporates light‐shielded organic transistors and circuits, functioning reliably under light irradiation, and amplifies THz detection signals by a factor of 10. The integration of both CNT sensors and shielded organic transistors into an 8 × 8 active‐sensor matrix within the imager enables sequential infrared imaging and nondestructive assessment for heat sources and in‐liquid chemicals through wireless communication systems. The proposed imager, offering unique functionality, shows promise for applications in biochemical analysis and soft robotics.
Probing Electronic Band Structures of Dielectric Polymers via Pre‐Breakdown Conduction
Authors: Li Zongze , Wu Chao , Chen Lihua , Wang Yifei , Mutulu Zeynep , Uehara Hiroaki , Zhou Jierui , Cakmak Miko , Ramprasad Rampi , Cao Yang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe electronic band structure, especially the defect states at the conduction band tail, dominates electron transport and electrical degradation of a dielectric material under an extremely high electric field. However, the electronic band structure in a dielectric is barely well studied due to experimental challenges in detecting the electrical conduction to an extremely high electric field, i.e., prebreakdown. In this work, the electronic band structure of polymer dielectric films is probed through an in situ prebreakdown conduction measurement method in conjunction with a space‐charge‐limited‐current spectroscopic analysis. An exponential distribution of defect states at the conduction band tail with varying trap levels is observed in accordance with the specific morphological disorder in the polymer dielectric, and the experimental defect states show also a favorable agreement with the calculated density of states from the density functional theory. The methodology demonstrated in this work bridges the molecule‐structure‐determined electronic band structure and the macro electrical conduction behavior with a highly improved understanding of material properties that control the electrical breakdown, and paves a way for guiding the modification of existing material and the exploration of novel materials for high electric field applications.
Light‐Activated Synthetic Rotary Motors in Lipid Membranes Induce Shape Changes Through Membrane Expansion
Authors: Qutbuddin Yusuf , Guinart Ainoa , Gavrilović Svetozar , Al Nahas Kareem , Feringa Ben L. , Schwille Petra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMembranes are the key structures to separate and spatially organize cellular systems. Their rich dynamics and transformations during the cell cycle are orchestrated by specific membrane‐targeted molecular machineries, many of which operate through energy dissipation. Likewise, man‐made light‐activated molecular rotary motors have previously shown drastic effects on cellular systems, but their physical roles on and within lipid membranes remain largely unexplored. Here, the impact of rotary motors on well‐defined biological membranes is systematically investigated. Notably, dramatic mechanical transformations are observed in these systems upon motor irradiation, indicative of motor‐induced membrane expansion. The influence of several factors on this phenomenon is systematically explored, such as motor concentration and membrane composition., Membrane fluidity is found to play a crucial role in motor‐induced deformations, while only minor contributions from local heating and singlet oxygen generation are observed. Most remarkably, the membrane area expansion under the influence of the motors continues as long as irradiation is maintained, and the system stays out‐of‐equilibrium. Overall, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of molecular motors interacting with biological membranes, elucidating the multifaceted factors that govern membrane responses and shape transitions in the presence of these remarkable molecular machines, thereby supporting their future applications in chemical biology.