bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of an UHPLC‐DAD method for simultaneous quantification of twenty‐one diverse phenolics and its implementation in household food products
Authors: Anmol  , Aggarwal Gaurav , Sharma Upendra 
Published: November 2023

SummaryHerein, an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (UHPLC‐DAD) based quantification method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 21 bioactive phenolic compounds present abundantly in food products. The developed method was validated in terms of parameters such as linearity, detection and quantification limits, intra‐day and inter‐day precision and recovery showing ideal results. Further, the developed method was applied for the quantitative analysis of phenolics in commercially procured dietary samples such as spices, green tea, black tea and dark chocolate. The major phenolics quantified in dry weight of different samples were epigallocatechin gallate (425.5 mg/10 g), epicatechin gallate (111.9 mg/10 g) in green tea; gallocatechin (286.8 mg/10 g) in dark chocolate; and naringin (93.9 mg/10 g) in star anise etc. Overall, the UHPLC‐DAD‐based method was found to be reliable, simple and specific for the estimation of phenolics in different targeted food samples.
International council for standardisation in haematology recommendations on fibrinogen assays, thrombin clotting time and related tests in the investigation of bleeding disorders
Authors: Mackie Ian , Casini Alessandro , Pieters Marlien , Pruthi Rajiv , Reilly‐Stitt Chris , Suzuki Atsuo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis guidance was prepared on behalf of the International Council for Standardisation in Haematology (ICSH) by an international working group of clinicians and scientists. The document focuses on tests and assays used for the assessment of fibrinogen function, particularly in the scenario of bleeding disorders. Thrombin clotting time (TT) is used as a screening test in some laboratories and also has some utility when direct anticoagulants are in use. The Clauss fibrinogen assay remains the method of choice for the assessment of fibrinogen function, but there are some situations where the results may be misleading. Prothrombin time derived fibrinogen assays are frequently used, but should be interpreted with caution; the results are not interchangeable between different methods and fibrinogen can be overestimated in certain clinical scenarios. Viscoelastic point of care methods may be helpful in emergency situations, while Reptilase time (and similar tests) are useful combined with TT in distinguishing heparin contamination of samples (i.e., if an incorrect blood draw is suspected) and the presence of direct thrombin inhibitors. Fibrinogen antigen assays should be used in the investigation of functional fibrinogen abnormalities; fibrinogen antigen and genetic testing are recommended in the confirmation of congenital fibrinogen disorders. The following recommendations for fibrinogen function assessment are based on published literature and expert opinion and should supplement local regulations and standards.
Incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypotension during transurethral bladder tumor resection with oral 5‐aminolevulinic acid
Authors: Ishikawa Yudai , Tanaka Hajime , Fujiwara Motohiro , Nakamura Yuki , Fukuda Shohei , Waseda Yuma , Yoshida Soichiro , Yokoyama Minato , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesTo analyze the incidence and risk factors of intraoperative hypotension related to photodynamic diagnosis‐assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor (PDD‐TURBT) with oral 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 487 patients with bladder tumors who underwent PDD‐TURBT (n = 184) or conventional TURBT (conv‐TURBT) (n = 303) between 2018 and 2021. Intraoperative hypotension was defined as hypotension requiring vasopressors during TURBT, and its incidence was compared between the two groups. Potential risk factors of intraoperative hypotension, including preoperative change in mean arterial pressure (MAP), were further investigated in patients receiving PDD‐TURBT.ResultsThe median age was 72 years, 392 patients (81%) were male, and 203 (42%) had hypertension. TURBT was performed under general and spinal anesthesia in 76 (16%) and 411 (84%) patients, respectively. The incidence of intraoperative hypotension was significantly higher in PDD‐TURBT compared to conv‐TURBT (43% vs. 17%, respectively). The median change in MAP until the induction of anesthesia was +6.5 mmHg (range: −29.0 to +46.3) in the PDD‐TURBT group and +14.7 mmHg (range: −35.3 to +67.7) in the conv‐TURBT group, showing a significantly smaller increase in the PDD‐TURBT group (p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis for PDD‐TURBT patients, advanced age, general anesthesia, and lower MAP change (<+6.5 mmHg) until anesthesia induction were significantly associated with intraoperative hypotension (p = 0.0104, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsIntraoperative hypotension occurred more frequently in patients who underwent PDD‐TURBT than in those who underwent conv‐TURBT. Using oral 5‐ALA decreases preoperative blood pressure elevation and may be responsible for intraoperative hypotension.
Correlation between antibodies against the pathogenic pHERV‐W envelope protein and the inflammatory phase of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ruberto Stefano , Cossu Davide , Sechi Leonardo A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe role of retroviral envelope proteins belonging to the Human Endogenous Retroviral family ‘W’ (HERV‐W), specifically syncytin‐1 and pathogenic HERV‐W (pHERV‐W), as potential risk factors in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been established. This study aimed to investigate the humoral response to syncytin‐1 and pHERV‐W‐derived peptides in a group of relapsing remitting MS patients categorized as having acute or stable disease. Furthermore, an inhibition assay was conducted to assess the extent of cross‐reactivity between the two epitopes. The findings revealed that MS patients in the acute phase exhibited a higher specific antibody response to the pHERV‐W env epitope compared to syncytin‐1. This suggests a potential pathogenic role for pHERV‐W env during the inflammatory stages of central nervous system involvement, and these antibody responses could serve as useful biomarkers for monitoring the progression of the disease.
Implementing interventions to improve compassionate nursing care: A literature review
Authors: Robinson Jackie , Raphael Deborah , Moeke‐Maxwell Tess , Parr Jenny , Gott Merryn , Slark Julia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo identify strategies which support the implementation of interventions to promote compassionate nursing care with a focus on interventions designed to support improved patient outcomes and/or patient experience in acute hospitals.MethodsAn integrative review using the PRISMA guidelines and a 5‐stage framework consisting of problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation. CINAHL, Embase, Medline, PsychInfo and Web of Science were systematically searched using key search terms. Hand searches were conducted of the reference lists of eligible articles and searching key journals.ResultsSix articles met the inclusion criteria with six different interventions described. A thematic analysis of the findings identified three key themes relating to the implementation of interventions which promote compassionate nursing care: (1) the importance of evidence; (2) support for nursing development; and (3) planning for and leading implementation.ConclusionCompassionate care improves quality of life, the hospital experience and overall recovery. Strong nursing leadership and a supportive team environment are facilitators for delivery of compassionate care in acute settings. Excessive workload, overly rigid reporting and organisational indifference are barriers to delivery of compassionate care.Implications for nursing policyHealth policy is used to inform the systematic implementation and delivery of patient care informed by best evidence. Health setting, environment and culture are important facets of the implementation of a compassionate care framework. Furthermore, nurse engagement, teamwork and nurse leadership are key facilitators for delivery of compassionate care in acute hospital settings. These findings need to be taken into consideration by policy makers and nursing leaders when designing and implementing compassionate care interventions.Implications for nursing policyImplementing interventions to improve compassionate nursing care can be challenging. This review identified the factors which should be considered by policy makers when implementing these interventions systematically throughout the healthcare system.
The mediating role of thriving at work between organizational inducements and work outcomes
Authors: Karadas Georgiana , Vatankhah Sanaz , Ozturk Anastasia , Altun Ozlem 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study intends to assess the underlying mechanism of thriving between organizational inducements (OIs) and health care workers’ (HCWs) mental health and work effort based on social exchange theory and the socially embedded model (SEM) of thriving. This study tested a conceptual model regarding the antecedents and outcomes of thriving at work (TW). According to the results of structural equation modelling, both dimensions of OIs predict TW among HCWs. Employees who receive OIs display enhanced levels of thriving, which plays a key role in HCWs’ mental health and their work effort. This research adds important insights to the thriving literature by empirically examining its mediating role between workplace resources and HCWs’ health and work‐related outcomes.
Living with extraction: Environmental injustice, slow observation and the decolonial turn in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Karmakar Goutam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExtractive activities in the countries of the Global South, particularly in various regions of Africa, serve as evidence of the pervasive and reinforcing nature of accumulative and commodifying practices, which are deeply rooted in and perpetuate the structural imbalances that have existed since the onset of colonization and the proliferation of colonial capitalism. The historical trajectory of resource and oil exploitation in Africa has been characterized by the occurrence of violent capitolocenes on the continent, eventually resulting in instances of environmental injustice, racial discrimination, socio‐economic deprivation and communal discord. In this context, the article analyses the persistent issues and consequences of environmental injustices in Africa, focusing specifically on the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This region has been characterized by extensive oil extraction, environmental hazards and subsequent adverse effects. The article posits that the communities in the Niger Delta are subject to a threefold reality, which is characterized by a pattern of slow violence, slow observation and epistemic injustice. Furthermore, this article argues that the amelioration of ongoing environmental injustices on a rampant scale is contingent upon the adoption of a decolonial framework that seeks to advocate for the knowledge of indigenous populations, impoverished masses and marginalized communities in the Niger Delta.
Very Late Appearance of Acute Graft‐versus‐Host Disease after Tapering Immunosuppression
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Sayer Herbert G. , Wollina Karin , Graefe Tim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGraft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of stem cell transplantation. Here we report a 40‐year‐old woman who developed an acute GVHD 30 months after transplantation. Late and very late appearance of acute GVHD has only been described in rare cases.
Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide Induced Anagen Effluvium and Associated Lichenoid Eruption
Authors: Sharma Prafulla Kumar , Gautam Ram Krishna , Bhardwaj Meenakshi , Kar Hemant Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA 32 year‐old woman developed generalised lichenoid eruptions on her body followed by diffuse loss of scalp hair of the anagen effluvium type. She was receiving several anti‐tubercular drugs, including rifampicin, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, for abdominal tuberculosis. INH, which is a leading cause of drug eruptions in the above group of drugs was withdrawn. However, the other antitubercular drugs were continued along with 40 mg of prednisolone in a single daily morning dose. The latter was discontinued slowly over a period of 10 weeks. There was complete recovery of hair loss and the regrowth started after 12 weeks of alopecia. Such anagen effluvium with lichenoid eruption following INH therapy has not been observed previously. The complete recovery from anagen effluvium is difficult to explain, but it could have been because of the early initiation of corticosteroid.
A simple and efficient hydratable alumina gel‐casting method for the fabrication of high‐porosity mullite ceramics
Authors: Ren Yuhan , Zhang Biao , Zhong Zhaoxin , Ye Jian , Fang Zhiyong , Zhang Jiawei , Ye Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have developed a method for the preparation of porous alumina‐containing ceramics by inorganic gel‐casting of hydratable alumina system. The gelation behavior of hydratable alumina in water and the high‐temperature phase evolution of alumina gels were clarified. In addition, extremely high‐porosity mullite ceramics were prepared using the hydratable alumina gel‐casting method combined with carbon fibers as the pore‐forming agent method. The as‐prepared mullite ceramics have a pore size of less than 10 μm, controllable high porosity of 90.6%–78.1%, a lightweight of 0.30–0.70 g cm−3, high compression strength of 1.41 ± 0.21–16.30 ± 0.20 MPa, low dielectric constants at 30 GHz of 1.34–1.79, the dielectric loss tangent of less than 3 × 10−3, and low thermal conductivities of 0.083–0.305 W/(m K). Lightweight, high strength, excellent dielectric properties, and outstanding thermal insulation indicate the potential of porous mullite ceramics for use in radar radomes or windows.
Exosomal‐miR‐522‐3p derived from cancer‐associated fibroblasts accelerates tumor metastasis and angiogenesis via repression bone morphogenetic protein 5 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Jun , Pan Yuliang , Jin Long , Yang Huiyun , Cao Peiguo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a gastrointestinal tract malignancy. Exosomes secreted by cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are reported to participate in tumor progression by delivering noncoding RNA or small proteins. However, the function of exosomal miR‐522‐3p in CRC remains unclear.MethodsCAFs were derived from tumor tissues, and exosomes were identified by western blot or TEM/NTA and originated from CAFs/NFs. The viability, invasion, and migration of HUVECs and CRC cells was examined using MTT, Transwell, and wound healing assays, respectively. The molecular interactions were validated using dual luciferase reporter assay and RIP. Xenograft and lung metastasis mouse models were generated to assess tumor growth and metastasis.ResultsExosomes extracted from CAFs/NFs showed high expression of CD63, CD81, and TSG101. CAF‐derived exosomes significantly increased the viability, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration of HUVECs and CRC cells, thereby aggravating tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis in vivo. miR‐522‐3p was upregulated in CAF‐derived exosomes and CRC tissues. Depletion of miR‐522‐3p reversed the effect of exosomes derived from CAFs in migration, angiogenesis, and invasion of HUVECs and CRC cells. Furthermore, bone morphogenetic protein 5 (BMP5) was identified as a target gene of miR‐522‐3p, and upregulation of BMP5 reversed the promoting effect of miR‐522‐3p mimics or CAF‐derived exosomes on cell invasion, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs and CRC cells.ConclusionExosomal miR‐522‐3p from CAFs promoted the growth and metastasis of CRC through downregulating BMP5, which might provide new strategies for the treatment of CRC.
Compartmentalized pressurization is a novel prognostic factor for hypercontractile esophagus
Authors: Leopold Andrew R. , McCarthy Patrick , Nair Anupama , Kim Raymond E. , Xie Guofeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypercontractile esophagus (HE) is a disorder of increased esophageal body contractile strength on high‐resolution esophageal manometry (HREM). Compartmentalized pressurization (CP) is a pattern with an isobaric contour of >30 mmHg extending from the contractile front to the lower esophageal sphincter on HREM. The relevance of CP to HE has yet to be explored.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on 830 HREM studies of patients to identify HE. HE patients' CP status and symptoms by Eckardt score (ES) were reviewed. Diagnoses were made using Chicago Classification (CC) v4.0.Key ResultsForty‐seven patients (5.6%) were identified as having HE by CCv3, 30 (3.6%) of which had HE by CCv4. 11/30 HE patients had CP, and 19/30 did not. CP was associated with chronic opioid use (36.4% vs. 5.3% p = 0.047). Presenting ES was greater for HE patients with CP (7 vs. 4). Seven HE patients with CP and 11 without CP were managed medically. ES after medical therapy was higher in HE patients with CP compared to those without CP (9 vs. 0). No HE patients with CP responded to medical therapy. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated significance of this association over time. 83% of all HE patients had all‐cause symptom remission.Conclusions & InferencesHE patients with CP are associated with a higher presenting ES. HE patients with CP do not respond to medical therapy, while HE patients without CP frequently do respond. CP in HE may have prognostic value in determination of treatment strategy for patients with HE.
A journey into the world of small RNAs in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Ledford William Conrad , Silvestri Alessandro , Fiorilli Valentina , Roth Ronelle , Rubio‐Somoza Ignacio , Lanfranco Luisa 
Published: November 2023

SummaryArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a mutualistic interaction between fungi and most land plants that is underpinned by a bidirectional exchange of nutrients. AM development is a tightly regulated process that encompasses molecular communication for reciprocal recognition, fungal accommodation in root tissues and activation of symbiotic function. As such, a complex network of transcriptional regulation and molecular signaling underlies the cellular and metabolic reprogramming of host cells upon AM fungal colonization. In addition to transcription factors, small RNAs (sRNAs) are emerging as important regulators embedded in the gene network that orchestrates AM development. In addition to controlling cell‐autonomous processes, plant sRNAs also function as mobile signals capable of moving to different organs and even to different plants or organisms that interact with plants. AM fungi also produce sRNAs; however, their function in the AM symbiosis remains largely unknown. Here, we discuss the contribution of host sRNAs in the development of AM symbiosis by considering their role in the transcriptional reprogramming of AM fungal colonized cells. We also describe the characteristics of AM fungal‐derived sRNAs and emerging evidence for the bidirectional transfer of functional sRNAs between the two partners to mutually modulate gene expression and control the symbiosis.
Maintenance of host specialisation gradients in ectomycorrhizal symbionts
Authors: Voller Fay , Ardanuy Agnès , Taylor Andy F. S. , Johnson David 
Published: November 2023

SummaryMany fungi that form ectomycorrhizas exhibit a degree of host specialisation, and individual trees are frequently colonised by communities of mycorrhizal fungi comprising species that fall on a gradient of specialisation along genetic, functional and taxonomic axes of variation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi exhibit little specialisation. Here, we propose that host tree root morphology is a key factor that gives host plants fine‐scale control over colonisation and therefore opportunities for driving specialisation and speciation of ectomycorrhizal fungi. A gradient in host specialisation is likely driven by four proximate mechanistic ‘filters’ comprising partner availability, signalling recognition, competition for colonisation, and symbiotic function (trade, rewards and sanctions), and the spatially restricted colonisation seen in heterorhizic roots enables these mechanisms, especially symbiotic function, to be more effective in driving the evolution of specialisation. We encourage manipulation experiments that integrate molecular genetics and isotope tracers to test these mechanisms, alongside mathematical simulations of eco‐evolutionary dynamics in mycorrhizal symbioses.
Rapid bark‐mediated tree stem methane transport occurs independently of the transpiration stream in Melaleuca quinquenervia
Authors: Jeffrey Luke C. , Johnston Scott G. , Tait Douglas R. , Dittmann Johannes , Maher Damien T. 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Tree stem methane emissions are important components of lowland forest methane budgets. The potential for species‐specific behaviour among co‐occurring lowland trees with contrasting bark characteristics has not been investigated.
We compare bark‐mediated methane transport in two common lowland species of contrasting bark characteristics (Melaleuca quinquenervia featuring spongy/layered bark with longitudinally continuous airspaces and Casuarina glauca featuring hard/dense common bark) through several manipulative experiments.
First, the progressive cutting through M. quinquenervia bark layers caused exponential increases in methane fluxes (c. 3 orders of magnitude); however, sapwood‐only fluxes were lower, suggesting that upward/axial methane transport occurs between bark layers. Second, concentrated methane pulse‐injections into exposed M. quinquenervia bark, revealed rapid axial methane transport rates (1.42 mm s−1), which were further supported through laboratory‐simulated experiments (1.41 mm s−1). Laboratory‐simulated radial CH4 diffusion rates (through bark) were c. 20‐times slower. Finally, girdling M. quinquenervia stems caused a near‐instantaneous decrease in methane flux immediately above the cut. By contrast, girdling C. glauca displayed persistent, though diminished, methane fluxes.
Overall, the experiments revealed evidence for rapid ‘between‐bark’ methane transport independent from the transpiration stream in M. quinquenervia, which facilitates diffusive axial transport from the rhizosphere and/or sapwood sources. This contrasts with the slower, radial ‘through‐bark’ diffusive‐dominated gas transportation in C. glauca.
Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA fragments – emerging players in plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Panstruga Ralph , Spanu Pietro 
Published: November 2023

SummaryAccording to current textbooks, the principal task of transfer and ribosomal RNAs (tRNAs and rRNAs, respectively) is synthesizing proteins. During the last decade, additional cellular roles for precisely processed tRNA and rRNAs fragments have become evident in all kingdoms of life. These RNA fragments were originally overlooked in transcriptome datasets or regarded as unspecific degradation products. Upon closer inspection, they were found to engage in a variety of cellular processes, in particular the modulation of translation and the regulation of gene expression by sequence complementarity‐ and Argonaute protein‐dependent gene silencing. More recently, the presence of tRNA and rRNA fragments has also been recognized in the context of plant–microbe interactions, both on the plant and the microbial side. While most of these fragments are likely to affect endogenous processes, there is increasing evidence for their transfer across kingdoms in the course of such interactions; these processes may involve mutual exchange in association with extracellular vesicles. Here, we summarize the state‐of‐the‐art understanding of tRNA and rRNA fragment's roles in the context of plant–microbe interactions, their potential biogenesis, presumed delivery routes, and presumptive modes of action.