bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term (4 year) efficacy and tolerability of doxazosin for the treatment of concurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension
Authors: Fawzy Ahmed , Hendry Angela , Cook Eileen , Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: March 2003

Background: The α1‐adrenoceptor antagonist doxazosin has proved successful in treating patients with concurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension in short‐term studies. However, both conditions are chronic and may worsen over time. The aim of this study was, therefore, to examine the tolerability and efficacy of doxazosin in the long‐term treatment of concurrent BPH and hypertension. Methods: This study was a longitudinal extension of earlier double‐blind trials. Patients were enrolled into the study on a rolling basis. From a total of 178 BPH patients with hypertension enrolled into the study, 28 had reached 48 months of open‐label treatment with doxazosin at the time of the final data cutoff. Results: Treatment with doxazosin resulted in sustained benefits for BPH patients over the whole study period, with significant improvements in the severity (12.2%, P < 0.001) and bothersomeness (13.2%, P < 0.001) of BPH symptoms, and in the maximum urinary flow rate (26.6%, P < 0.05) from baseline to the end of the 4‐year period. There was also a significant and sustained reduction in diastolic blood pressure. The efficacy of doxazosin treatment for both BPH and hypertension was maintained over the 4‐year period, despite the tendency of these conditions to worsen with time. Comparison of adverse events in patients with long‐ and short‐term hypertension and BPH demonstrates that the safety of doxazosin is not altered during long‐term therapy. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that doxazosin appears to be well tolerated and efficacious in the long‐term management of concurrent BPH and hypertension.
Augmentation ileocystoplasty and ileal ureter replacement for distal ureteral cancer in a patient with a contracted bladder
Authors: Yamada Yuji , Takenaka Atsushi , Gotoh Kiyohiko , Yamanaka Nozomu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: A male patient with a solitary kidney and contracted bladder due to urinary tuberculosis presented ureteral obstruction caused by primary lower ureteral cancer.
Methods
: Distal ureterectomy and urinary tract reconstruction consisting of ileal bladder augmentation and ileal ureter replacement with an antireflux procedure was performed.
Results/Conclusions
: Postoperatively satisfactory voiding without residual urine was achieved.
Pelvic lipomatosis associated with proliferative cystitis: Case report and review of the Japanese literature
Authors: Masumori Naoya , Tsukamoto Taiji 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPurpose: We report only the second known patient with pelvic lipomatosis associated with proliferative cystitis in the Japanese literature, a 43‐year‐old mildly obese Japanese male who demonstrated radiographic findings characteristic of pelvic lipomatosis.Methods: Cystourethrography revealed an elevated pear‐shaped bladder and an elongated and anteriorly displaced prostatic urethra. Computed tomography demonstrated excess intrapelvic fat that exhibited a density identical to that of subcutaneous fat tissue. Cystoscopic and histologic examination revealed concomitant proliferative cystitis composed of von Brunn’s nest, cystitis cystica and cystitis glandularis, but no malignant cells.Results/Conclusions: As a result of dietary control for 15 months, the proliferative cystitis improved mildly, but the amount of fat was unchanged.
Radiotherapy for local progression in patients with hormone‐refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Furuya Yuzo , Akakura Koichiro , Akimoto Susumu , Ichikawa Tomohiko , Ito Haruo 
Published: March 2003

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of radiotherapy on the local progression of hormone‐refractory prostate cancer.Methods: From 1986 to 1995, 38 patients were diagnosed with local progression without distant progression after hormonal therapy at Chiba University Hospital. Eleven cases were treated with irradiation for local progression. External beam irradiation was delivered to the prostate at a dose of 50–66.6 Gy.Results: In patients treated with radiotherapy, the duration from initial treatment to local recurrence was 6–80 months (mean Â±Â± Â± SD: 33.9 Â± 22.9 months). The follow‐up period after irradiation was 7–64 months (mean Â± Â± Â± SD: 25.4 Â± 18.8 months). Three and 5 year cause‐specific survival rates from radiotherapy were 46.2 and 23.1%, respectively. Radiotherapy had a marked effect on symptoms associated with local progression and no patients suffered from the symptoms after the radiotherapy. Complications of radiotherapy were limited.Conclusions: In patients with hormone refractory local progression without distant progression, low morbidity, low mortality radiotherapy offers a variable therapy to other palliative treatments because radiotherapy is able to control local symptoms for a long period of time.
Metanephric adenoma of the kidney
Authors: Imamoto Takashi , Furuya Yuzo , Ueda Takeshi , Ito Haruo 
Published: March 2003

Background: Metanephric adenoma is a rare renal neoplasm that is histologically and clinically unique. We found this neoplasm in a 62‐year‐old female, whose renal tumor was incidentally detected on abdominal ultrasound examination.Methods/Results: Ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were compatible with those of renal cell carcinoma. With a diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma, right partial nephrectomy was performed. This tumor showed histologic similarity to developing metanephric tubular epithelium. It was composed of uniformly small epithelial cells, which formed tubules.Conclusions: The patient has been well and healthy for 20 months after surgery. The unique features of metanephric adenoma should be clinically and pathologically recognized because of its invariably benign course.
A bladder preservation regimen using intra‐arterial chemotherapy and radiotherapy for invasive bladder cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Miyanaga Naoto , Akaza Hideyuki , Okumura Toshiyuki , Sekido Noritoshi , Kawai Koji , Shimazui Toru , Kikuchi Koji , Uchida Katsunori , Takeshima Hitoshi , Ohara Kiyoshi , Akine Yasuyuki , Itai Yuji 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: A prospective study was performed to investigate combined treatment with intra‐arterial chemotherapy and radiation therapy for bladder preservation in locally invasive bladder cancer.
Methods
: Patients with invasive bladder cancer, stage T2–3N0M0, were included in the study. Intra‐arterial chemotherapy was performed with three injections of methotrexate and cisplatin at 3‐week intervals. Simultaneously, the patients underwent X‐ray irradiation (40 Gy) of the small pelvic space. Where a post‐treatment transurethral resection (TUR) biopsy showed no residual tumor, the tumor site was irradiated by a 30 Gy proton beam and the bladder was preserved. Where tumors remained, radical cystectomy was performed.
Results
: Between 1990 and 1996, 42 patients were treated according to this protocol. Post‐treatment TUR biopsy and urine cytology showed no residual tumors in 39 of 42 cases (93%). The bladder was preserved in accordance with the study protocol in 36 cases. A median follow‐up of 38 months showed 3‐year non‐recurrence in 72% of bladder‐preserved patients and the rate of bladder preservation was 84%. The nine recurrences included eight cases of superficial bladder recurrence. One cancer death occurred among the bladder‐preservation patients, giving 3‐year survival and cause‐specific survival rates of 84% and 100%, respectively. Although bladder function decreased slightly in compliance, bladder capacity was retained in almost all cases.
Conclusions
: This regimen is useful for bladder preservation in T2–3 locally invasive bladder cancer. Information from more cases and the results of more long‐term observations are needed, as is an evaluation of appropriate subject selection and factors associated with quality of life issues, particularly regarding bladder function.
Acute pancreatitis caused by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for bilateral renal pelvic calculi
Authors: Abe Hiroyuki , Nisimura Taiji , Osawa Shuichi , Miura Takafumi , Oka Fumiatu 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn elderly woman with a history of cholecystectomy and a re‐operation for postoperative peritonitis underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for right and left renal pelvic calculi, 11 × 6 and 12 × 5 mm in size, to which 2400 and 1400 shots at 20 kV were given, respectively, on the same day. During the evening after the operation, the patient started to complain of upper abdominal pain. Laboratory examination on the next day revealed elevations in blood and urine amylase levels and a diagnosis of pancreatitis was made. Conservative treatment, including administration of protease inhibitor, did not improve her symptoms; abdominal distension became marked and she underwent laparotomy. Necrosection and indwelling of several drain tubes in abdomen were performed with an operative diagnosis of acute necrotic pancreatitis. With daily irrigation of drain tubes and treatment for methicillin‐resistant Staphyloococcus aureus infection of the lungs and abdominal cavity, septicemia and duodenal fistula, the patient gradually recovered and was discharged on postoperative day 151. It was suggested that ESWL was responsible for the acute pancreatitis. Either an obstruction of the pancreatic duct by fragments of common duct stone, or mechanical injury of the pancreas due to adhesion between the pancreas and surrounding tissue caused by the lapalotomy, was considered as a possible cause of pancreatitis. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report of severe acute pancreatitis and the present case suggests that ESWL may cause severe pancreatic even in cases without stone shadow in the bile, common duct or pancreatic duct.
Pathologic examination of renal cell cancer by means of step‐sectioning
Authors: Tsuchiya Kiyotaka , Jinbo Hiroyuki , Kurita Makoto , Matsumoto Kazuhisa , Okamura Keigo , Uchida Tatsuya , Kobayashi Mikio , Yamanaka Hidetoshi , Sugihara Shirou 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Because incidental detection of small renal cell cancers (RCC) has recently become increasingly common, nephron‐sparing surgery for these cases has been more widely performed. Renal cell cancer was investigated by means of step‐sectioning in order to determine which cases were suitable for nephron‐sparing surgery and how it should be performed.
Methods
: Pathology specimens obtained from 90 cases of radical nephrectomy were examined in 5 mm sections. We excluded large and invasive tumors from the present study. Particular attention was given to satellite tumor nodules (STN), pseudocapsules of the main tumor and vascular invasion.
Results
: Satellite tumor nodules of cancer (STN‐Ca) were found in seven of 90 cases (7.8%). Tumor size and grade was not correlated with the existence of STN‐Ca. The distance between the main tumor and STN‐Ca varied, with the pathology of the STN‐Ca mostly resembling that of the main tumor. Pseudocapsules of the main tumor were incomplete in 53 cases (58.9%), but extracapsular invasion of more than 1 mm was not seen in tumors less than 50 mm in diameter. Through step‐sectioning, a further six cases with microscopic vascular invasion were found. Vascular invasion within the main tumor was confirmed in 16 of 17 cases (94.1%) and within normal renal tissue in only one case.
Conclusions
: The incidence of existing STN‐Ca was not high (7.8%) in the present study, we had not any characteristics in the cases with STN‐Ca. As STN‐Ca were rarely near the main tumor, we could not expect to resect STN‐Ca with main tumor, resection to more than 1 mm outside the pseudocapsule was needed for complete resection of main tumor less than 50 mm in diameter. Normal renal tissue between the tumor and pelvis is a requirement for selecting appropriate cases in nephron‐sparing surgery, but we could not remove the risk of leaving STN‐Ca completely.
Effect of prostatic neuropeptides on migration of prostate cancer cell lines
Authors: Nagakawa Osamu , Ogasawara Masaru , Murata Jun , Fuse Hideki , Saiki Ikuo 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background:
A previous study by the same authors demonstrated that among various neuropeptides in the prostate, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP) increased the invasive capacity of PC‐3 prostate cancer cells through enhancement of cell motility, while substance P (SP) inhibited the invasiveness through suppression of motile response.
Methods:
The effect of 10 kinds of neuropeptides were investigated, including CGRP, GRP, SP, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), calcitonin (CT), leucine‐enkephalin (L‐ENK), methionine‐enkephalin (M‐ENK), glucagon and parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTH‐rP), on the invasion of DU‐145 prostate cancer cells through a reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) and the haptotactic migration of DU‐145, TSU‐pr1 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells using a Transwell cell culture chamber assay.
Results:
It was found that GRP, CGRP and PTH‐rP increased the invasive capacity of tumor cells. In contrast, SP, VIP, CT, L‐ENK, M‐ENK, NPY and glucagon had no significant effect. These three neuropeptides also increased the haptotactic migration of tumor cells to fibronectin. In addition VIP, CGRP and GRP increased the haptotactic migration of LNCaP prostate cancer cells and GRP and PTH‐rP increased the migration of TSU‐pr1 cells.
Conclusion:
The results indicated that some prostatic neuropeptides increased the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells partially through enhancement of cell motility.
An unusual cause of renal colic: Hydatiduria
Authors: Ünsal Ali , Çimentepe Ersin , Dilmen Gülçin , Yenidünya Sibel , Saglam Remzi 
Published: March 2003

AbstractHydatid disease of the urinary tract is seen rarely. Hydatiduria may be a finding of renal involvement, but it is a rare cause of renal colic. A case is reported of renal hydatid disease that was diagnosed during the investigation of renal colic. A 38‐year‐old woman presented with renal colic. She had a history of episodes of renal colic and occasional voiding of grape‐like material. No calculus was found in the urinary tract by plain film or ultrasonographic examination. The histopathologic examination of this material revealed daughter cysts that are pathognomonic for hydatid disease. Ultrasound and computed tomography confirmed this diagnosis and right nephrectomy was performed without cyst perforation or any spilling of cyst content. Albendazole, 10 mg/kg per day, was given for 4 weeks (2 weeks preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively).
Torsion of a benign cyst arising from the tunica vaginalis testis
Authors: Yoshimura Koji , Itoh Masaaki , Kawase Norio , Taki Yoji , Hosaka Naoki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe describe a rare case of torsion of a benign cyst originating from the parietal layer of tunica vaginalis. This case presented with acute scrotum. Surgical exploration revealed a cyst arising from the parietal layer of tunica vaginalis of which the pedicle was twisted. When a cystic mass is detected in the scrotum of boys with acute scrotum, torsion of a cyst in the cavum tunica vaginalis testis should be considered.
Early stage small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Authors: Fujita Kazutoshi , Nishimura Kazuo , Nonomura Norio , Hirota Seiichi , Okuyama Akihiko 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA 73‐year‐old man with primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder underwent radical cystectomy. The pathological findings revealed the tumor confined to the submucosal layer (pT1) without metastasis. No adjuvant chemotherapy was carried out. He is alive with no evidence of the disease 24 months after the operation.
The pharmacokinetics of fosfestrol and diethylstilbestrol in chronic hemodialysis patients with prostate cancer
Authors: HATORI MOTOAKI , TOTUKA YOSHIHIRO , YAMANAKA HIDETOSHI 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: Fosfestrol drip infusion therapy is an available endocrinotherapy for prostate cancer. But since there have been few reports of its use in chronic dialysis patients, the pharmacokinetics of fosfestrol in these patients remains unclear. We conducted fosfestrol drip infusion therapy as an induction therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients with prostate cancer.Methods: Two male patients were included in this study. One was a 68‐year‐old man who had been in hemodialysis for 15.7 years and had stage B2 prostate cancer. The other was a 74‐year‐old man who had been in hemodialysis for 4.4 years and had stage C prostate cancer. A total of 250 mg of fosfestrol was dissolved in 250 mL of 5% glucose solution and administered by drip infusion. The drug was given subcutaneously during 14 consecutive days and a luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone agonist was injected on day 15.Results: Serum fosfestrol levels increased rapidly after the drip infusion was started and remained at high levels during infusion, but fell quickly after the treatment ended. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was also detected in blood after the infusion was started and its levels peaked when infusion ended. But on the next day, neither fosfestrol nor DES were detected in the blood of the patients. Moreover, neither fosfestrol nor DES was detected in the blood of the two patients before administering fosfestrol on day 15. Fosfestrol was quickly eliminated from the blood after hemodialysis was started, while DES remained in the blood during hemodialysis. The adverse reactions were mild hepatic dysfunction and gynecomastia.Conclusions: Fosfestrol drip infusion therapy appeared to be safe as an endocrinotherapy for prostate cancer in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Changes in extent and zonal distribution of prostatic adenocarcinoma in patients preoperatively treated with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy: Analysis on whole‐mounted prostatectomy specimens
Authors: SHIN MASARU , TAKAYAMA HITOSHI , TSUJIMOTO YUICHI , NONOMURA NORIO , OKUYAMA AKIHIKO , AOZASA KATSUYUKI 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Background: An increasing number of pharmacologic agents that induce reversible androgen deprivation are available for neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) for prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCA). If information about the regression pattern of PCA after NET is recognized, more effective decision‐making for subsequent therapies such as prostatectomy and radiotherapy, will be possible.Methods: The extent and zonal distribution of PCA with or without NET were examined in totally embedded radical prostatectomy specimens obtained from 103 patients with PCA. Seventy‐nine of the 103 patients received androgen deprivation therapy (castrated). The zonal location of PCA lesions (non‐transition vs transition zone), was identified in three slices from the inferior, middle and superior parts of the prostate. The area of the PCA lesions in these zones was measured.Results: Prostatic adenocarcinoma was identified in 94 of 103 cases: 24 of 24 cases (100%) and 70 of 79 cases (87%) in the non‐castrated and castrated groups, respectively. The NET induced a mean of 21% reduction of the prostate volume and lowered the serum PSA level by one eighth. The frequency of capsular penetration in the castrated cases (57%) was lower than in the non‐castrated cases (83%) and confinement of the PCA lesion was found in 32% of the castrated and 17% of the non‐castrated cases. The reduction rate of the extent of the PCA lesions in the non‐transition and transition zone was 33% and 28%, respectively. The extent of the PCA lesions were smaller in the anterior parts, especially at the superior portion of the prostate.Conclusion: Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy induced involutional changes of the PCA evenly across both the non‐transition and transition zones. The density of the PCA lesions was low in the anterior part of the prostate. This information is useful for decision‐making in post‐NET.
Renal dysplasia associated with ureteral ectopia and ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst
Authors: GIGLIO MATTEO , MEDICA MAURO , GERMINALE FRANCESCO , CARMIGNANI GIORGIO 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe simultaneous presence of renal aplasia/dysplasia, ureteral ectopia and seminal vesicle cyst represents an exceptionally rare malformation. The literature is reviewed here and a new case of such malformation, concerning a 45‐year‐old man affected by recurrent epididymitis, is reported.
Bilateral testicular tumors: A report of nine cases with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: OHYAMA CHIKARA , KYAN ATSUSHI , SATOH MAKOTO , SAITO SEIICHI , NISHIMURA YOSUKE , IMAI YOSHITADA , OIKAWA KATSUHIKO , YOKOYAMA JUN , SUZUKI KENICHI , TAKEUCHI MUTSUO , HOSHI SENJI , ORIKASA SEIICHI 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: The incidence and clinical features of bilateral germ cell testicular tumor (GCTT) in the Japanese population are not fully characterized. We examined the incidence, clinical features, management and outcome, sexual status, hormonal environment, implication of androgen replacement, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing of bilateral GCTT.
Methods
:We treated nine consecutive patients with bilateral GCTT from 1980 through to 1999, and reviewed their hospital and clinic charts. Testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone‐sulfate were measured in bilateral orchiectomized patients. Human leukocyte antigen typing was assessed with peripheral lymphocyte.
Results
:The incidence of bilateral GCTT against the total number of patients with GCTT was 9/274 (3.3%). The median age of the first tumor was 29 (range 21–75) years. Three cases were synchronous and the remaining six cases were metachronous. In the case of metachronous tumor, the median interval between first and contralateral tumor was 8 (range 2–25) years. Standard treatment was defined as surveillance policy in stage I, chemotherapy for higher stages of non‐seminoma, and radiotherapy for stage II seminoma. Human leukocyte antigen typing was examined for seven cases. Five cases were positive for HLA‐A24. The incidence of HLA‐A24 in bilateral GCTT was identical to that of the Japanese population. The relapsing incidence of stage I disease with surveillance policy was almost identical to unilateral GCTT. A 74‐year‐old patient with stage II seminoma died of the disease at 1.3 years. The other eight patients remained well without any evidence of recurrence at a median follow‐up period of 78 (range 12–204) months. Four patients with bilateral orchiectomy did not require androgen replacement without easy fatigability. Sexual status was conserved using androgen replacement.
Conclusions
:Long‐term follow‐up, as long as 25 years, is recommended for contralatelral relapse. Some patients with bilateral orchiectomy do not require androgen replacement. The significance of HLA‐A24 for bilateral testicular tumor is equivocal in the Japanese population.