bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety disorder and cardiovascular disease: a two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Peng Bo , Meng Hong , Guo Liang , Zhu Jun , Kong Bin , Qu Zongze , Shuai Wei , Huang He 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Anxiety disorders are common psychiatric conditions associated with cardiovascular outcomes. This two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study investigated the causal relationship between anxiety disorders and coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with anxiety disorders (16 730 cases; 101 021 controls) were obtained from the UK Biobank genome‐wide association study (GWAS). Cardiovascular outcome data were derived from the FinnGen study (CHD: 21 012 cases and 197 780 controls; MI: 12 801 cases and 187 840 controls; HF: 23 397 cases and 194 811 controls; and AF: 22 068 cases and 116 926 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR–Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses examined causality.ResultsIVW analysis demonstrated significant causal relationships between anxiety disorders and increased risk of CHD [odds ratio (OR): 4.496; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.777–11.378; P = 0.002], MI (OR: 5.042; 95% CI: 1.451–17.518; P = 0.011), and HF (OR: 3.255; 95% CI: 1.461–7.252; P = 0.004). No relationship was observed with AF (OR: 1.775; 95% CI: 0.612–5.146; P = 0.29). Other methods showed non‐significant associations. Two‐way analysis indicated no reverse causality.ConclusionsAnxiety disorders were causally associated with greater risk of CHD, MI, and HF but not AF among individuals of European descent. Further research on mediating mechanisms and in diverse populations is warranted.
Computed tomography or chest X‐ray to assess pulmonary congestion in dyspnoeic patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Miger Kristina , Overgaard Olesen Anne Sophie , Grand Johannes , Fabricius‐Bjerre Andreas , Sajadieh Ahmad , Høst Nis , Køber Nanna , Abild Annemette , Pedersen Lars , Lawaetz Schultz Hans Henrik , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Ploug Boesen Mikael , Thune Jens Jakob , Nielsen Olav W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsWhile computed tomography (CT) is widely acknowledged as superior to chest radiographs for acute diagnostics, its efficacy in diagnosing acute heart failure (AHF) remains unexplored. This prospective study included consecutive patients with dyspnoea undergoing simultaneous low‐dose chest CT (LDCT) and chest radiographs. Here, we aimed to determine if LDCT is superior to chest radiographs to confirm pulmonary congestion in dyspnoeic patients with suspected AHF.Methods and resultsAn observational, prospective study, including dyspnoeic patients from the emergency department. All patients underwent concurrent clinical examination, laboratory tests, echocardiogram, chest radiographs, and LDCT. The primary efficacy measure to compare the two radiological methods was conditional odds ratio (cOR). The primary outcome was adjudicated AHF, ascertained by comprehensive expert consensus. The secondary outcome, echo‐bnp AHF, was an objective AHF diagnosis based on echocardiographic cardiac dysfunction, elevated cardiac filling pressure, loop diuretic administration, and NT‐pro brain natriuretic peptide > 300 pg/mL. Of 228 dyspnoeic patients, 64 patients (28%) had adjudicated AHF, and 79 patients (35%) had echo‐bnp AHF. Patients with AHF were older (78 years vs. 73 years), had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (36% vs. 55%), had higher elevated left ventricular filling pressures (98% vs. 18%), and had higher NT‐pro brain natriuretic peptide levels (3628 pg/mL vs. 470 pg/mL). The odds to diagnose adjudicated AHF and echo‐bnp AHF were up to four times greater using LDCT (cOR: 3.89 [2.15, 7.06] and cOR: 2.52 [1.45, 4.38], respectively). For each radiologic sign of pulmonary congestion, the LDCT provided superior or equivalent results as the chest radiographs, and the interrater agreement was higher using LDCT (kappa 0.88 [95% CI: 0.81, 0.95] vs. 0.73 [95% CI: 0.63, 0.82]). As first‐line imaging modality, LDCT will find one additional adjudicated AHF in 12.5 patients and prevent one false‐positive in 20 patients. Similar results were demonstrated for echo‐bnp AHF.ConclusionsIn consecutive dyspnoeic patients admitted to the emergency department, LDCT is significantly better than chest radiographs in detecting pulmonary congestion.
Exploring an Optimised Approach for Converting 6‐Thioguanosine Derivatives to Asymmetric Disulphides
Authors: Kurpiejewski Karol , Piecyk Karolina , Pietrow Paulina , Pancer Sandra , Jankowska‐Anyszka Marzena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHere we present a systematic analysis of the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulphides employing 6‐thioguanosine and its mono‐ and dinucleotides by three of the most common strategies: a nucleophilic substitution of the thiol, a thiol exchange reaction with another disulphide and oxidative dehydrogenation coupling reactions of S−H bonds. The exchange reaction was found to be the most efficient approach and could be used not only for nucleosides but also for nucleotides.
Enantioseparation of organometallic compounds by electromigration techniques
Authors: Peluso Paola , Sechi Barbara , Jibuti Giorgi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver time, chiral organometallic compounds have attracted great interest in several fields, with applications going across several disciplines of chemical, biological, medical, and material sciences. In the last decades, due to advancements in molecular design and computational modeling, the chemistry of chiral transition metal complexes had a remarkable flowering, with the development of new structures for applications in asymmetric synthesis, bioinorganic chemistry, and molecular recognition. In these fields, fast chiral analysis to determine the enantiomeric purity of organometallic structures prepared by asymmetric synthesis, and for high‐throughput screening of analytes, catalysts, and reactions, is very important. Capillary electrophoresis and related techniques proved to be extremely versatile for chiral analysis, showing unsurpassed advantages compared to chromatography like low consumption of materials, production of limited amounts of waste, fast equilibration, and possibility to replace easily type and concentration of the chiral selector, among others. Furthermore, electromigration techniques may be useful to gain details about the stereochemistry of the enantiomers of new compounds and to study analyte–selector noncovalent interactions at molecular level. On this basis, this short review aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive view on the enantioseparation of organometallic compounds by electromigration techniques, examining the topic from the historical perspective and showing what was made in this field so far, an essential know‐how for developing new and advanced applications in the next future.
Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms in older caregivers: The IMPACCT randomized controlled trial
Authors: Loi Samantha M. , Gaffy Ellen , Malta Sue , Russell Melissa A. , Williams Susan , Ames David , Hill Keith D. , Batchelor Frances , Cyarto Elizabeth V. , Haines Terence , Lautenschlager Nicola T. , Mackenzie Lynette , Moore Kirsten J. , Savvas Steven M. , Dow Briony 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesPhysical activity (PA) can reduce depressive symptoms but has not been tested amongst depressed older caregivers and their care‐recipients. The aim of this single‐blind randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 6‐month tailored PA program on depressive symptoms in older caregivers.MethodCaregivers were included if they had scores of ≥5 on the 15‐item geriatric depression scale (GDS‐15). Care‐recipients could have any type of physical, mental or cognitive condition requiring support. The PA intervention group completed an individualized program based on the Otago‐Plus Exercise Program. The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms in caregivers measured at six and 12 months.ResultsTwo hundred and twelve participants (91 dyads and 30 caregivers only) were randomized using a 3:3:1 ratio to PA intervention, social‐control, and usual‐care control groups. There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms of the caregivers between the three groups at 6 months or 12 months. However, more than 50% of caregivers in all three groups no longer had a GDS‐15 score ≥5 at 6 months. Further analysis revealed that caregivers in the PA group caring for someone with a standardised mini‐mental state examination (SMMSE) score ≥24 had significantly less depressive symptoms than those caring for someone with a SMMSE score <24 compared with social‐control (p < 0.02) and usual‐care groups (p < 0.02).ConclusionsA PA intervention may be beneficial for some caregivers in reducing symptoms of depression but may not be as beneficial to caregivers of people living with cognitive impairment.
Scaling‐up an evidence‐based intervention for family carers of people with dementia: Current and future costs and outcomes
Authors: Knapp Martin , Lorenz‐Dant Klara , Walbaum Magdalena , Comas‐Herrera Adelina , Cyhlarova Eva , Livingston Gill , Wittenberg Raphael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) intervention is effective and cost‐effective in supporting family carers of people with dementia. It is currently not available to all eligible carers in England. What would be the impacts on service costs and carer health‐related quality of life if START was provided to all eligible carers in England, currently and in future?MethodsEffectiveness and cost‐effectiveness data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial were combined with current and future projections of numbers of people with newly diagnosed dementia to estimate overall and component costs and health‐related quality of life outcomes between 2015 (base year for projections) and 2040.ResultsScaling‐up START requires investments increasing annually but would lead to significant savings in health and social care costs. Family carers of people with dementia would experience improvements in mental health and quality of life, with clinical effects lasting at least 6 years. Scaling up the START intervention to eligible carers was estimated to cost £9.4 million in 2020, but these costs would lead to annual savings of £68 million, and total annual quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gains of 1247. Although the costs of START would increase to £19.8 million in 2040, savings would rise to £142.7 million and Quality adjusted life years gained to 1883.ConclusionsScaling‐up START for family carers of people with dementia in England would improve the lives of family carers and reduce public sector costs. Family carers play a vital part in dementia care; evidence‐based interventions that help them to maintain this role, such as START, should be available across the country.
Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of asymptomatic central nervous system involvement in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Virijevic Marijana , Kraguljac‐Kurtovic Nada , Mitrovic Mirjana , Jakovic Ljubomir , Bukumuric Zoran , Pantic Nikola , Sabljic Nikica , Pravdic Zlatko , Cvetkovic Mirjana , Knezevic Vesna , Dragovic‐Ivancevic Tijana , Djunić Irena , Rajic Jovan , Milosevic Violeta , Todorovic‐Balint Milena , Vidovic Ana , Suvajdzic‐Vukovic Nada 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExamination of central nervous system (CNS) involvement is not routine diagnostic practice in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therefore, many asymptomatic patients with CNS involvement might go undetected. The effect of CNS involvement on the AML disease course is not well defined, with conflicting results regarding clinical outcome. This study aimed to determine the incidence of asymptomatic CNS involvement in AML estimated by multiparametric flow cytometry of cerebrospinal fluid (MFC‐CSF) at diagnosis, the related potential risk factors, and prognosis. In total, 645 patients with de novo AML were screened; 183 (28.4%) of them fulfilled institutional practice for MFC‐CSF analysis based on presence of CNS symptoms and/or clinical features. CNS symptoms and signs were observed in 8/183 (4.4%) patients, but most patients (175/183, 95.6%) were asymptomatic. In the asymptomatic group, 73/175 (41.7%) patients had positive or suspicious cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings categorized as CNS positive (CNSpos) and 102/175 (58.3%) had normal CNS findings categorized as CNS negative (CNSneg). The presence of leukemic blasts was confirmed in 81/183 (44.3%) patients; the total incidence of CNS involvement in the whole AML group was 12.6% (81/645). Compared with asymptomatic patients with CNSneg, those with CNSpos had a significantly higher frequency of lymphadenopathy, white blood cell count ≥30 × 109/L, presence of the monocytic phenotype, and a high percentage of bone marrow (BM) blasts. The multivariate logistic regression model identified monocytic phenotype (p = 0.047) and high percentage of BM blasts (p = 0.042) as predictors for CNSpos. CNSpos did not affect overall survival in patients with AML. There was a higher incidence of CNS involvement in asymptomatic adult patients with de novo AML, emphasizing possible undervalued rates of CNS disease at diagnosis. Prospective studies should determine whether diagnostic lumbar puncture for MFC‐CSF analysis and CNS prophylaxis could contribute to better selection and prognosis in this patient population.
Ischemic priapism caused by self intracavernous injection of tadalafil
Authors: Wada Naoki , Hatakeyama Tsubasa , Takagi Haruka , Tsunekawa Ryoken , Kobayashi Shin , Nagabuchi Masaya , Kitta Takeya , Kakizaki Hidehiro 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionWe present a case of ischemic priapism caused by self intracavernous injection of tadalafil.Case presentationA 77‐year‐old man developed priapism due to self‐injection of tadalafil into the corpus cavernosum. He presented to our hospital 2 days after the development of priapism and severe penile pain. The blood gas analysis of the corpus cavernosum revealed ischemic priapism. At first, we performed percutaneous distal shunt (T‐shunt) and cavernosal irrigation, resulting in slight improvement of penile tumescence. Several hours later, penile tumescence and severe pain reappeared. Bilateral proximal (corpora‐spongiosal) shunt was performed under anesthesia again. Penile tumescence was slowly and gradually relieved. His erectile function was declined.ConclusionWe experienced a case of priapism due to self intracavernous administration of tadalafil who needed a proximal shunt to relieve the severe penile pain. This case report may serve as a warning for physicians and patients not to use phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor inappropriately.
Farm to school programming spillovers and households' fruits and vegetables purchases
Authors: Mendis Sachintha S. , Bonanno Alessandro , Cho Clare 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe number of US school food authority's (SFA) implementing Farm to School Programming (FTSP) is growing. Little is known about potential spillover effects of school children's exposure to FTSP on household food purchases. We measure the relationship between school age children's exposure to FTSP and household‐level Food‐At‐Home fruits and vegetables (FV) expenditures and expenditure shares. Combining Farm to School Census data on SFAs' FTSP participation with household‐level scanner data, we estimate positive relationships between FV expenditures and different measures of children's exposure to FTSPs, especially for metro households. However, the magnitude of these relationships is likely too small to be meaningful.
FZD3 regulates the viability, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix degradation of vaginal wall fibroblasts in pelvic organ prolapse via the Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Junqin , Chu Zhaoping , Han Hua , Zhang Yuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) seriously affects women's quality of life. However, the pathogenesis of POP remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the role of Frizzled class receptor 3 (FZD3) in POP. FZD3 expression in the vaginal wall tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. Then, vaginal wall fibroblasts (VWFs) were isolated from patients with POP and non‐POP, and were identified. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‐8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation was assessed by western blot analysis. The results illustrated that FZD3 was downregulated in POP. VWFs from POP had lower cell viability, ECM degradation, and higher apoptosis. Knockdown of FZD3 inhibited cell viability, ECM degradation, and promoted apoptosis of VWFs, whereas overexpression of FZD3 had opposite results. Moreover, IWP‐4 (Wingless‐type [Wnt] pathway inhibitor) reversed the role of FZD3 overexpression on biological behaviors. Taken together, FZD3 facilitates VWFs viability, ECM degradation, and inhibits apoptosis via the Wnt pathway in POP. The findings provide a potential target for the treatment of POP.
Effect of vinpocetine against acrylamide‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Ibrahim Doaa S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVinpocetine (VIN) is a synthetic drug derived from the natural alkaloid vincamine. The antioxidation and anti‐inflammation effects of VIN allow it to be used for multiple therapeutic purposes. So, the research aims to discover the possibility of using VIN to improve the nephrotoxicity of acrylamide (ACR). Twenty‐four male albino rats were used in the trial: rats in the control group received 0.5 mL of oral saline, rats in the VIN group received an oral dose of VIN (5 mg/kg), rats in the ACR group received an oral dose of ACR (38.27 mg/kg), and rats in the VIN + ACR group received VIN and then ACR 1 h later. Rat blood and kidneys were collected 10 days after the experiment began to assess biochemical parameters and to examine both renal histopathological and immunohistochemistry. The ACR‐treated rats showed high levels of serum kidney function biomarkers (creatinine, urea, and uric acid), serum protein biomarkers (total protein, albumin, and globulin), renal kidney injury molecule (KIM)−1, renal malondialdehyde (MDA), and renal caspase‐3 immunoexpression. Moreover, ACR lowed both renal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and renal glutathione (GSH) level and caused renal histological alterations. While administration of VIN improved serum kidney function biomarkers, serum protein biomarkers, renal KIM‐1, renal oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, SOD, and GSH), renal caspase‐3 immunoexpression, and renal histological alterations induced by ACR. The study confirmed the ability of VIN to reduce the nephrotoxic effects of ACR, which was evident through the results of biochemical parameters and histological and immunohistochemical examinations of the kidney tissues.
Orthodontic adhesive loaded with different proportions of ZrO2 silver‐doped nanoparticles: An in vitro μTBS, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and antimicrobial analysis
Authors: Almoammar Salem , Kamran Muhammad Abdullah , Alnazeh Abdullah A. , Almagbol Mohammad , Al Jearah Mohammed Mohsen , Mannakandath Master Luqman 
Published: January 2024

AbstractZirconium dioxide silver‐doped nanoparticles (ZrO2AgDNPs) impacts the adhesive material in terms of its physical characteristics, antimicrobial properties, degree of conversion (DC), and micro‐tensile bond strength (μTBS) of orthodontic brackets to the enamel surface. A comprehensive methodological analysis utilizing a range of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, DC analysis, and μTBS testing. A light‐curable orthodontic adhesive, specifically Transbond XT, was combined with ZrO2AgDNPs at 2.5% and 5%. As a control, an adhesive with no incorporation of ZrO2AgDNPs was also prepared. The tooth samples were divided into three groups based on the weightage of NPs: group 1: 0% ZrO2AgDNPs (control), group 2: 2.5 wt% ZrO2AgDNPs, and group 3: 5 wt% ZrO2AgDNPs. EDX graph demonstrated silver (Ag), Zirconium (Zr), and Oxygen (O2), The antibacterial efficacy of adhesives with different concentrations of NPs (0%, 2.5%, and 5%) was assessed using the pour plate method. The FTIR spectra were analyzed to identify peaks at 1607 cm−1 corresponding to aromatic CC bonds and the peaks at 1638 cm−1 indicating the presence of aliphatic CC bonds. The μTBS was assessed using universal testing machine (UTM) and bond failure of orthodontic brackets was seen using adhesive remanent index (ARI) analysis. Kruskal–Wallis test assessed the disparities in survival rates of Streptococcus mutans. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey multiple comparisons test calculated μTBS values. The lowest μTBS was observed in group 1 adhesive loaded with 0% ZrO2AgDNPs (21.25 ± 1.22 MPa). Whereas, the highest μTBS was found in group 3 (26.19 ± 1.07 MPa) adhesive loaded with 5% ZrO2AgDNPs. ZrO2AgDNPs in orthodontic adhesive improved μTBS and has acceptable antibacterial activity against S mutans. ZrO2AgDNPs at 5% by weight can be used in orthodontic adhesive alternative to the conventional method of orthodontic adhesive for bracket bonding.Research Highlights
The highest μTBS was found in orthodontic adhesive loaded with 5% ZrO2AgDNPs.
ARI analysis indicates that the majority of the failures fell between 0 and 1 among all investigated groups.
The colony‐forming unit count of S. mutans was significantly less in orthodontic adhesive loaded with nanoparticles compared with control.
The 0% ZrO2AgDNPs adhesive showed the highest DC.
Elevated levels of citrullinated fibrinogen in patients with cancer
Authors: Arfman Tom , Zollet Valentina , van Es Nick , Bosch Floris T. M. , Nicolaes Gerry A. F. , Sorvillo Nicoletta , Voorberg Jan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeutrophil released peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) converts arginine residues on plasma proteins into citrulline. Here, we developed an assay to quantify citrullinated fibrinogen. We employed a biotin‐conjugated phenylglyoxal (biotin‐phenylglyoxal (PG)) compound that selectively labels citrulline. Patient samples were derived from a multicenter prospective cohort study that aimed to identify cancer patients at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Our data show that cancer patients have higher (median 2‐fold increased) citrullinated fibrinogen levels when compared to normal human plasma and a cohort of healthy donors. Our results show that citrullination of fibrinogen is a common posttranslational modification in patients with cancer.
The effect of the authenticity of the Catholic pilgrimage site on spiritual well‐being and quality of life of pilgrims
Authors: Han Jin Wook , Kim Myung Ja , Chung Namho , Kim Jinok Susanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the growing interest in spirituality, there has been a corresponding rise in the number of pilgrimages. Modern pilgrims embark on pilgrimages not only for religious purposes but also for their own mental peace and health. To enhance our understanding of this trend we conducted an empirical survey of pilgrims visiting Saenamteo Catholic Martyrs' Shrine, a representative martyrdom site in Korea located on the Seoul Catholic Pilgrimage Route, the first Vatican‐designated international pilgrimage site in Asia. The analysis showed that the authenticity of the pilgrimage site impacts both the religious and the existential aspects of spiritual well‐being. However, while the existential aspect of spiritual well‐being impacted on quality of life, the religious well‐being was insignificant. These results indicate that modern pilgrims feel that their happiness and health, rather than their religion directly affects their quality of life.