bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CB2 expression in mouse brain: from mapping to regulation in microglia under inflammatory conditions
Authors: Grabon Wanda , Ruiz Anne , Gasmi Nadia , Degletagne Cyril , Georges Béatrice , Belmeguenai Amor , Bodennec Jacques , Rheims Sylvain , Marcy Guillaume , Bezin Laurent 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Since its detection in the brain, the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) has been considered a promising therapeutic target for various neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, precise brain mapping of its expression is still lacking. Using magnetic cell sorting, calibrated RT-qPCR and single-nucleus RNAseq, we show that CB2 is expressed at a low level in all brain regions studied, mainly by few microglial cells, and by neurons in an even lower proportion. Upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, modeling neuroinflammation in non-sterile conditions, we demonstrate that the inflammatory response is associated with a transient reduction in CB2 mRNA levels in brain tissue, particularly in microglial cells. This result, confirmed in the BV2 microglial cell line, contrasts with the positive correlation observed between CB2 mRNA levels and the inflammatory response upon stimulation by interferon-gamma, modeling neuroinflammation in sterile condition. Discrete brain CB2 expression might thus be up- or down-regulated depending on the inflammatory context.
High levels of total cholesterol in the serum as a predictor of poor survival in patients with glioma
Authors: Ding Weilong , Wang Jing , Yang JunBao , Wang XiangYu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The alteration of lipid profiles has been documented to be associated with the incidence of various cancers. However, the prognostic value of pre-operative serum total cholesterol (TC) in glioma patients has not been reported.
Material and methods
Pre-operative serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, including TC, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and ApoA-I, were retrospectively analyzed in 221 patients with glioma and compared with 218 healthy controls. The Cox proportional hazards model and log-rank test were performed to analyse the prognostic value of serum lipid levels in patients with glioma.
Results
Compared with healthy control patients, the levels of TC and LDL-C were statistically significantly lower in patients with glioma. Serum TC concentrations were significantly higher in patients with glioma recurrence than in patients whose disease did not recur. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated TC level, WHO grade, post-operative chemoradiotherapy and age to be independent prognostic factors that were correlated with shorter overall survival. In addition, TC level, WHO grade and age were identified as prognostic factors associated with recurrence-free survival in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusions
Increased pre-operative TC concentrations were found to be associated with poorer long-term survival in patients with glioma. Ultimately, our findings indicate that, in glioma patients, the evaluation and control of serum lipids may provide prognostic and therapeutic value respectively.
What does that head-tilt mean? Brain Lateralization and Sex Differences in the Processing of Familiar Human Speech by Domestic Dogs
Authors: Buckley Colleen , Sexton C. L. , Hecht E. E. , Bradley B. J. , Subiaul Francys 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Does the head-tilt observed in many domesticated dogs index lateralized language processing? To answer this question, the present study had dogs participate in four conditions in which owners provided an increasing amount of communicative cues. These ranged from no communicative/affective cues to rich affective cues coupled with dog-directed speech. In a sample of 103 dogs representing seven breed groups and mixed-breed dogs, we found significant differences in the number of head-tilts occurring between conditions, with the most communicative (last) condition eliciting the most head-tilts. There were also significant differences in the direction of the head-tilts and between sex groups. Dogs were more likely to tilt their heads to the right, and neutered male dogs were more likely to tilt their heads than spayed females. The right-tilt bias is consistent with left-hemisphere language processing, with males processing language in a more lateralized manner, and females processing language more bilaterally— a pattern also observed in humans.
Abundant feasts: Favoring the invasion of an American fish species in Europe
Authors: Gonzalez Gala Gonzalez , Vilas Cesar , Baldo Francisco , Fernandez-Delgado Carlos , Cuesta Jose A , Gonzalez-Ortegon Enrique 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The ready availability of abundant food sources can be a key factor in the success of biological invasions. This study provides information about feeding habits, dietary niche, and seasonal and ontogenetic diet changes of the American invasive weakfish Cynoscion regalis in the Gulf of Cádiz, where its population is increasing exponentially since 2011 when its presence was reported in the area. By content analysis of 340 stomachs, we assessed the diet composition, prey diversity and abundance of juveniles and adults present in the Guadalquivir River Estuary. Fish and crustaceans accounted for more than 90% of their diet. Mysids are the main food intake for juveniles and piscivory becomes more important as C. regalis grows in size. Stomachs were significantly fuller during the summer and autumn months, coinciding with the higher abundance of small pelagic fish during that time in the estuary, especially the anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, the main prey consumed through all months of the year, that showed a consumption peak in September and October. Adults also show significant monthly variations in the diet composition (P < 0.01) respect to Total Length. Juveniles show a specialist behaviour feeding almost exclusively on Mesopodopsis slabberi, while adults show a mixed feeding strategy. This research constitutes a comprehensive study of weakfish diet along the year in the non-native area, including for the first time, juvenile’s stages.
The Impact of Skin Pigmentation on Pulse Oximetry SpO2 and Wearable Pulse Rate Accuracy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nelson Benjamin , Singh Sanidhya , Bennett Miles , Chen Chen , Shin Sooyoon , Ghanbari Hamid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
Medicine has used photoplethysmography (PPG) with pulse oximetry devices for decades to assess blood oxygenation (SpO2) and pulse rate (PR) and this technology is now being used in consumer devices. Skin pigmentation may influence accuracy, leading to health outcomes disparities.
Methods:
This meta-analysis identified 23 pulse oximetry studies with 59,684 participants and 197,353 paired observations between SpO2 and arterial blood and 4 wearable PR studies with 176 participants and 140,771 paired observations between PR and electrocardiography. The primary objectives were to evaluate SpO2 and PR accuracy by skin pigmentation group by comparing SpO2 accuracy root-mean-square (Arms) values to regulatory thresholds of 3% and PR 95% Limits of Agreement (LoA) to American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Advancing Safety in Medical Technology (AAMI), and International Electrotechnical Commision (IEC) Standards of ±5bpm. The secondary objectives were to evaluate biases and clinical relevance using mean bias and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Findings:
For SpO2, Arms was 3·96%, 4·71%, and 4·15% and the pooled mean bias was 0·70% (95% CI: 0·17 to 1·22), 0·27% (95% CI: -0·64 to 1·19), and 1·27% (95% CI: 0·58 to 1·95) for light, medium, and dark pigmentation, respectively. For PR, the 95% LoA were -16.02 to 13.54, -18.62 to 16·84, and -33.69 to 32.54 and the pooled mean bias was -1·24 bpm (95% CI: -5·31-2·83), -0·89 bpm (95% CI: -3·70-1·93), and -0·57 bpm (95% CI: -9·44-8·29) for light, medium, and dark pigmentation, respectively.
Interpretation:
The current meta-analysis suggests overall inaccurate SpO2 and PR measurements across all skin pigmentation groups as they exceed FDA guidance and ANSI standard thresholds. Pulse oximeters also exhibit statistically significant overestimation of SpO2 for light and dark skin pigmentation, but no clinically relevant bias. Wearable PR exhibits no statistically significant or clinically relevant bias.
The effect of methanolic extract of Spirogyra varians on biofilm genes expression of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Salman Nagham Dawood , Dwaish Ahmed Sahi , Kareem Sawsan Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and goals: Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus
aureus
(MRSA) is one of the most significant antibiotic resistant bacteria, that can produce biofilm. Which has seriously hampered patient care, Twenty to thirty percent of people carry this bacteria with no clinical symptoms appear. New strategies were required to eradicate the effect of this bacteria on health care, so this study aimed to evaluate biofilms gene expression levels in MRSA after treated with alga Spirogyra extract.
Materials and Methods
Soxhlet extract of the Spirogyra varians species was made in methanol, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanol extract of Spirogyra toward S. aureus was detect. PCR technique was used to Real Time PCR was used to measure the desired genes' expression levels at doses below the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Results
the Spirogyra extract MIC toward S. aureus was 200 mg/ml, the effect of extract on genes the significantly changed the expression of genes involved in MRSA biofilm formation. After being treated with algal extracts from Spirogyra, the expression level of icaA and icaD were 0.480, 0.688, respectively, icaD expression level was correspondingly high.
Conclusion
This study showed that Spirogyra methanol extract can prevent S. aureus from forming biofilms.
Association between alcohol consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged Japanese: Panasonic cohort study 12
Authors: Takahashi Fuyuko , Okada Hiroshi , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Kurogi Kazushiro , Murata Hiroaki , Ito Masato , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This historical cohort study aimed to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and onset of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged Japanese individuals. Participants were aged 40 and above from Panasonic Corporation, Osaka, Japan’s medical health checkup program in 2008–2021. Alcohol consumption was calculated by converting the quantity consumed into daily ethanol consumption. We assessed the association between alcohol consumption and onset of type 2 diabetes using Cox regression analysis. Among 102,802 participants, 7,510 participants (7.3%) developed type 2 diabetes during the study period. Alcohol consumption at the level of 0 < to < 22 g/day and 22 to < 39 g/day were associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes compared to complete alcohol abstainers. Individuals consuming alcohol at levels of 39 to < 66 g/day and at levels of ≥ 66 g/day had an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2. All levels of alcohol consumption were protective against the onset of type 2 diabetes in participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Moderate-to-heavy alcohol consumption poses a risk of type 2 diabetes for participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2, whereas alcohol intake has a protective effect on onset of type 2 diabetes among participants with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.
Post-traumatic Growth and Influencing Factors of Parents With Children With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Xu Li , Liu Meili , Chen Yuewei , Wu Liwen , Gan Siyi , Xie Jianhui , Latour Jos M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to identify the post-traumatic growth status and influencing factors of parents with children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Methods: We adopted a cross-section survey study. Between February and December 2022, 181 parents responded to the survey including a participants’ characteristics section, post-traumatic growth assessment scale, caregiver burden scale, and social support assessment scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate influencing factors of post-traumatic growth.
Results: The mean score of post-traumatic growth of parents was 56.66 (SD±18.67). Post-traumatic growth was positively correlated with social support (r=0.452, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with care burden (r=-0.207, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that the child's age, course of disease, self-care ability, parent’s working condition, residence, education, number of children, and health status were the main influencing factors for the post-traumatic growth of parents (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The post-traumatic growth of parents with children with DMD was at a moderate level. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the psychological state of parents with children with this rare disease and promote post-traumatic growth through psychological mindfulness interventions, strengthening family and social support, and providing care knowledge and skills.
Adaptor Protein Complex-4 Mediates GluR2 Trafficking in Oxygen-Glucose-Deprived Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Zhang Jing , Hao Qingfei , Cheng XiuYong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the expression of adaptor protein complex-4 and GluR2 in oxygen-glucose deprived neurons, and to investigate the relation between AP-4 and GluR2 in injured neurons.
Methods
We used primary cultured hippocampal neurons from 18-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat fetuses as material. Oxygen-glucose deprivation was performed to build a cellular model of hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to evaluate the expression of GluR1, GluR2 and AP4M1, both in mRNA and protein levels. AP4M1 and GluR1/GluR2 were double-labeled using immunofluorescence to investigate whether their distributions were similar. Finally, we performed co-immunoprecipitation after over-expressing AP4M1 to investigate whether AP4M1 interacts with GluR2.
Results
We found that AP4M1 was down-regulated in oxygen-glucose-deprived neurons, while the levels of GluR1 and GluR2 were not reduced. After the OGD procedure, both AP4M1 and GluR2 showed similar distributional pattern. This phenomenon was not observed in GluR1 distribution. AP4M1 cannot be co-immunoprecipited with GluR2 with normal AP4M1 expression, but the CO-IP between AP4M1 and GluR2 turned to positive when AP4M1 is over-expressed.
Conclusion
AP4M1 mediates GluR2 trafficking in oxygen-glucose deprived neurons, either directly or through other proteins.
Exploring Regular Exercisers’ Experiences with Readiness/Recovery Scores Produced by Wearable Devices: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Ibrahim Adam H. , Beaumont Cory T. , Strohacker Kelley 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Meta-session autoregulation, a person-adaptive exercise programming approach, is characterized by individuals’ matching exercise demands specifically to their current readiness states. Some consumer wearables provide ‘recovery’ or ‘readiness’ scores, computed primarily based on heart rate variability. Despite the growing popularity of consumer wearables and interest in person-adaptive programming, limited research exists on how exercisers interact, interpret and use these scores. This study explores individuals' experiences with wearable devices and their associated readiness or recovery scores. Seventeen regular exercisers who owned and used a Whoop™ band or Oura™ ring for at least 3 months participated in a one-on-one virtual semi-structured interview. Interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, with themes supported by 'in-vivo' quotes. This paper focuses on three key themes for a comprehensive demonstration. Theme 1,'It's more about how I can make adjustments to optimize my programming,'(MPR) highlights users' intended use of wearables for guiding training decisions. Theme 2,'So many things outside of training modifications have changed,'(Misty) reveals that users also modify non-exercise behaviors to manage and optimize their scores. Theme 3, ‘You can’t really capture the complexities of a human on a device’ (Letty) underscores users' recognition of the limitations and errors associated with these devices emphasizing self-reliance to further direct behavioral adjustments. While wearable devices provide a numeric approach to measuring readiness and recovery, users prioritize self-awareness, flexibility, and personal judgment for exercise decisions. Understanding these experiences, in addition to exploring the psycho-behavioral aspects of user interactions, can contribute to refining meta-session autoregulation.
Pseudorabies virus hijacks Rab6 protein to promote viral assembly
Authors: Liang Dong-Ge , Zhao Shi-Bo , Yang Guo-Yu , Han Ying-Qian , Chu Bei-Bei , Ming Sheng-Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease, also known as pseudorabies, in pigs. Rab6, a small GTPase, is thought to be essential for certain membrane trafficking activities and is associated with the regulation of exocytosis. Whether Rab6 is involved in PRV infection has not been previously reported. We found that the mRNA and protein levels of Rab6 were significantly upregulated in PK-15 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages, as well as in the lungs and spleen of PRV-infected mice. Overexpression of the wild-type and GTP-bound mutant of Rab6 promoted PRV proliferation, while the GDP-bound mutant inhibited it, suggesting that the GTPase activity of Rab6 is critical for PRV propagation. We further confirmed that knockdown of Rab6 inhibited PRV proliferation. Additionally, our results demonstrated that Rab6 knockdown disrupted PRV assembly. Mechanistically, Rab6 interacted with PRV glycoproteins gB and gE, which are crucial for PRV assembly. Our data suggest that PRV co-opts Rab6 to facilitate viral assembly and provide a potential new therapeutic target for PRV infection.
A Voltage Monitoring Approach for Eliminating Flux Trapping in Josephson Junction Arrays
Authors: Qiao Huan , Cao Wenhui , Li Jinjin , Wan Jun , She Guanhua , Zhong Qing , Zhong Yuan , Wang Shijian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Based on the characteristic change in resistance of superconducting devices during the superconducting transition, a quantitative method to determine the temperature of superconducting devices has been proposed. This method can detect in real time whether the temperature of the superconducting device exceeds the superconducting transition temperature, thereby enabling quick elimination of the trapped magnetic flux in devices. We apply this method in our experiment, which uses a superconducting 22 subarrays programmable Josephson voltage standard (PJVS) device and obtains satisfactory results. We conclude that this method can efficiently eliminate the tapped magnetic flux in superconducting device testing systems that do not possess thermometers and facilitate testing.
Ethanologenic fermentation by Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius with continuous hot microbubble gas- stripping
Authors: Calverley Joseph , Ibenegbu Christopher , Hussein-Sheik Abdulkadir , Bandulasena Hemaka , Leak David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The increased use of biofuels in place of fossil fuels is one strategy to support the transition to net-zero carbon emissions, particularly in transport applications. However, expansion of the use of 1st generation crops as feedstocks is unsustainable due to the conflict with food use. The use of the lignocellulosic fractions from plants and/or co-products from food production including food wastes could satisfy the demand for biofuels without affecting the use of land and the availability of food, but organisms which can readily ferment all the carbohydrates present in these feedstocks often suffer from more severe bioethanol inhibition effects than yeast. This paper demonstrates the potential of hot gas microbubbles to strip ethanol from a thermophilic fermentation process using Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius TM333, thereby reducing product inhibition and allowing production to continue beyond the nominal toxic ethanol concentrations of ≤ 2% v/v. Using an experimental rig in which cells were grown in fed-batch cultures on sugars derived from waste bread, and the broth continuously cycled through a purpose-built microbubble stripping unit, it was shown that non/low-inhibitory dissolved ethanol concentrations could be maintained throughout, despite reaching productivities equivalent to 4.7% v/v dissolved ethanol. Ethanol recovered in the condensate was at a concentration appropriate for dewatering to be cost effective and not prohibitively energy intensive. This suggests that hot microbubble stripping could be a valuable technology for the continuous production of bioethanol from fermentation processes which suffer from product inhibition before reaching economically viable titres, which is typical of most thermophilic ethanologenic bacteria.
Ultrasound-based ADNEX model for differentiating between benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors
Authors: Xie Wenting , Zhang Qianyi , Wang Yaoqin , Xiang Zhisheng , Zeng Piaoyi , Huo Ran , Du Zhongshi , Tang Lina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis-Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (IOTA-ADNEX) model to distinguish between benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors(BeEOTs, BEOTs, and MEOTs, respectively).
Methods: The study included 813 patients with BeEOTs, BEOTs, and MEOTs who underwent ultrasound examinations and pelvic operations. Comparisons were made between the clinical information and ultrasonographic features of the three patient groups. Three clinical variables and six ultrasound variables were used to estimate malignancy risk. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and AUC (the area under the receiver operating characteristics [ROC] curve) of the ADNEX model were calculated.
Results: Of the 813 patients, 257 (31.6%) had BeEOTs, 114 (14.0%) had BEOTs, and 442 (54.4%) had MEOTs. The most common type, serous and mucinous epithelial tumors, accounted for 81.3% of the total cases. In the MEOTs group, serous, mucinous, endometrioid, and clear cell tumors accounted for 85.3%, 2.5%, 4.5%, and 7.7% of the total cases, respectively. For a cut-off value of 10% to identify the overall risk for ovarian cancer (OC), the sensitivity and specificity were 99.1% and 73.2%, respectively. According to the ROC curves, the AUC was 0.987 (95% CI: 0.981–0.993) for BeEOTs compared with MEOTs, 0.820 (95% CI: 0.768–0.872) for BeEOTs compared with BEOTs, 0.912 (95% CI: 0.876–0.948) for BeEOTs compared with stage I OC, and 0.995 (95% CI: 0.992–0.998) for BeEOTs compared with stages II–IV OC. The AUC was 0.614 (95% CI: 0.519–0.709) for BEOTs compared with stage I OC, 0.903 (95% CI: 0.869–0.937) for BEOTs compared with stages II–IV OC, and 0.851 (95% CI: 0.800–0.902) for stage I OC compared with stages II–IV OC.
Conclusions: The IOTA-ADNEX model demonstrated good diagnostic performance for the three categories of EOTs and can be helpful for clinical treatment management.