bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease in elderly people: evidence from a retrospective study
Authors: Hu Xiaoying , Ma Shucan , Chen Liman , Tian Chunhui , Wang Weiwei 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the associations between osteoporosis, biochemical indexes, bone mineral density (BMD), and cardiovascular disease.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used to examine the relationships between these parameters. Logistic regression and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the associations between elevated levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), homocysteine, and the presence of osteoporosis. Additionally, correlations between BMD and biochemical indexes were analyzed. The incidence of cardiovascular disease and its correlation with BMD were evaluated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the utility of BMD in identifying cardiovascular disease.

Results
The results revealed that elevated triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL levels were positively associated with osteoporosis, while higher HDL levels and homocysteine were negatively associated. Correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations between triglyceride levels and BMD, and positive correlations between total cholesterol and HDL levels with BMD. LDL levels showed a weak negative correlation, and homocysteine levels exhibited a strong negative correlation with BMD. The osteoporosis group had lower BMD and a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease compared to the non-osteoporosis group. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the correlation between lower BMD and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion
This study provides evidence supporting the associations between osteoporosis, biochemical indexes, BMD, and cardiovascular disease. Aberrations in lipid profiles and homocysteine levels may contribute to osteoporosis development. Lower BMD, particularly in individuals with osteoporosis, appears to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. BMD shows promise as a diagnostic tool for identifying individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and establish the clinical implications of these relationships. Future longitudinal studies are necessary to determine causality and long-term prognostic implications.
Study on the Stability of Probiotic (Spirulina fusiformis) Incorporated Fish Diets
Authors: Saravanan N.  , Venkatramalingam K.  , Anbalagan M.  
Published: December 2023

Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food production sectors in the world. The use of probiotics might be a good option to reduce the risk of disease and enhance fish productivity. Probiotics thus are opening a new era in the health management strategy for aquatic species including finfish and shellfish. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that help in maintaining the well-being of the host animal. The development of non-antibiotic and environment-friendly probiotic feeds is one of the key factors for health management in aquaculture. The benefits of probiotic supplements include improved feed value, enzymatic contribution to digestion, and inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms. Feed stability is of paramount importance in the manufacture of aquaculture diets. The water stability of the feed pellet depends on the individual ingredients that bind together. Hence the study was designed to investigate the stability of probiotic feeds in water. Probiotic Spirulina added feed samples were soaked in a glass beaker containing water and allowed to remain for time intervals ranging from 10 to 60 minutes to study the stability of feed. The results showed that the control feed pellet (40.00 + 1.00) was the least stable among the types of experimental feed (SF2 and SF3) in 60 minutes of immersion. The increased level of stability (71.66 %) was recorded in (2 & 3% inclusion) feed type.
Visible Congenital Malformations in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Nagalo Kisito , Konaté Balkissa , Douamba Sonia , Idogo Ralph Eden , Bélemviré Aïssatou , Sanwidi Myriam , Kyélem Carine , Yé Diarra 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To gain a better understanding of congenital malformations and to help reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in a context of resource-limited countries.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection over the period from November 2019 to January 2022 was conducted in the Neonatology Unit of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (West Africa). Records of neonates with a visible malformation, neonates whose parents were accessible by telephone were included.
Results: The frequency of congenital malformations was 8.4%. They affected females (51.1%), first-born siblings (25%) and full-term babies (69.6%). Osteoarticular malformations (38%), those of the eye, ear, face and neck (22.81%), followed by those of the digestive system (21.64%) were the most frequent. The case-fatality rate was 51.5%.
Conclusion: Visible congenital malformations are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates in our unit. To help reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with malformations, awareness-raising, early detection, prevention and improved medical care for affected neonates are needed. This is all the more true in countries where medical resources may be limited and surveillance systems need to be put in place.
Demographic Charecterstics of Children with First Attack Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome with Relapse- A Hospital-Based Observational Study
Authors: Shanta Shamsun Nahar , Begum Afroza , Haque Syed S. , Jesmin Tahmina , Mamun Abdullah-Al , Sharmim Shanjida , Khan Ashiqur Rahman , Islam Ashraful 
Published: December 2023

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is a common childhood illness with or without relapses. So, the objectives of this study is to find out such children who are prone to develop frequent relapse and the demographic characteristics responsible for relapse. This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, from September 2016 to August 2017.
Methods: A total of 75 patients of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) with the initial attack, aged 1–18 years, were enrolled in this study. All patients were treated with prednisolone 60 mg/m2/day, single morning dose for 6 weeks, followed by 40 mg/m2 every alternate day for another 6 weeks and were analyzed and followed up for a minimum period of six months to identify the risk factors related to relapses.
Results: Among them, 50 (66.7%) were males, 25 (33.3%) were females, with a male: female ratio of 2:1. 10 (13.3%) children had no relapse, 18 (24.0%) had infrequent relapse, and 40 (53.3%) had frequent relapse. Children responding between 2 and 4 weeks after the start of treatment had a higher chance of relapse (P = 0.002) than those who responded less than 1 week. Early age at onset, male gender, rural inhabitants, low socioeconomic status and atopy, though statistically not significant, are strongly associated with frequent relapses.
Conclusion: Young age at diagnosis of INS, male gender, low serum albumin, and infections were predictive risk factors of multiple relapses. So, physicians should be vigilant to monitor these patients closely and counsel the families of nephrotic children regarding the prediction of subsequent relapses and outcomes.
Effect of Microbial Consortia Inoculation and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth Parameter and Nodulation of Soybean (Glycine max L. merill.) and Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Javed Syed , Ismail Syed , Dhamak A. L.  , More S. S.  
Published: December 2023

Microbial consortia inoculation and chemical fertilizers significantly impact plant growth parameters. Microbial consortia contribute to soil health by enhancing nutrient availability and promoting plant growth, while chemical fertilizers provide essential nutrients. In this study, an Field Experiment was conducted during two successive years in Kharif and Rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22 consecutively on effect of microbial consortia inoculation and chemical fertilizers on productivity and soil properties in soybean chickpea sequence on vertisol at research farm of department soil science and agricultural chemistry Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani (MAH) India. The Soil of experimental site was classified as vertisol (Typic Haplustert) dominant montmorillonite type with kaollinite and illite mineral alkaline in reaction. Experimental treatments consist of four levels of laboratory evaluated microbial cultures (Bradyrhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas striata, Thiobacillus thioxidant) and uninoculated control and four levels of chemical fertilizers (100 % RDF, 75 % RDF, 50 % RDF and Control i.e. (without fertilizers)). Seed treatment of soybean and chickpea was done with microbial consortia immediate before sowing and chemical fertilizers were applied at the time of sowing as per treatments. The results revealed that the application of microbial inoculants with chemical fertilizers showed significant effect on biometric attributes and nodulation of soybean and chickpea. The microbial consortia Rhizobium spp.+ Pseudomonas striata inoculation has highest plant height, shoot weight, root length, number of nodule, fresh weight of nodules, and dry weight of noduels in both crops as compared to uninoculated control. However, the application of chemical fertilizer i.e. N,P and K 100% RDF obviously increased the height, shoot weight, number of nodulation, and fresh weight of nodules in respect of both soybean and chickpea crops. The chemical fetilizers N,P and K are applied in the form of Urea, single super phosphate and muriate of potash respectively.
Soil-Transmitted Helminths: Prevalence and the Effect of Deworming in Children in Mutengene, South West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Ndamukong-Nyanga Judith Lum , Keng Kfu Emmanuel 
Published: December 2023

Soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) (A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworms) constitute a significant public health problem globally. These infections are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas and their transmission is highly dependent on the degree to which the environment is contaminated with infectious stages and the amount of contact between human hosts and polluted soil. There are three main intervention strategies for controlling STH infections including ant-helminthic drug treatment (deworming), improved sanitation and health education. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of STH and assess the effects of de-worming among children 4 to 15 years old in Mutegene.
It was a cross-sectional study, involving school children of both sexes. A systematic random sampling method was used to collect data. Basic demographic data was obtained from the class registers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Stool samples were collected, transported to the laboratory for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and the Chi-square test.
The result obtained showed an overall prevalence of 3.6% (n=9) with the most frequent species being Trichuris trichiura 2.4% (n=6) followed by Hookworm 0.8% (n= 2) and the least was Ascaris lumbricoides 0.4 %(n=1). On the impact of de-worming, out of the 9 infected cases, seven (7) indicated that they had not taken worm medicines (neither albendazole nor mebendazole), one (1) did not know and only one (1) infected person was among those that had been de-wormed before. This showed that the deworming process had a positive impact in eliminating helminthiasis.
In conclusion, the low prevalence could be explained by the prior de-worming of children. It was recommended that continuous health education should be given through community radios and television as a means of making the people understand the mode of transmission and methods of prevention of STH infection better.
Design and Production of an EPC Core Network Sizing Tool “The Case of Orange-Guinea
Authors: Diallo Mamadou Sadigou , Fotsing Janvier , Barry Kadiatou Aissatou , Tonye Emmanuel , Camara Mamadou Sanoussy , Bah Amadou Oury 
Published: December 2023

With the arrival of 3G and 4G technologies, telecommunications networks have undergone a major expansion. These networks have enabled the integration of new services and adequate bandwidth, enabling operators to meet growing user demand. This rapid evolution has led operators to adapt their methods to new technologies, which increase network complexity. This complexity becomes even greater when these networks combine several different access technologies into a heterogeneous network, as in the case of 4G networks. In such cases, sizing involves new challenges such as: the considerable increase in service demands, compatibility with current networks, managing users' intercellular mobility and offering better quality of service.
The solution proposed to meet these new requirements is the dimensioning of the EPC core network.
The main aim of this project is to design and produce a computerized tool for sizing the EPC. The objectives of our work are in threefold : - to provide an architecture for interconnecting the EPC core network to the existing core network ; - to provide the methodology and process for sizing the core network of an EPS network; - design and implement an EPC core network dimensioning tool. In our work, traffic models are used to calculate the traffic generated by each technology to be connected to the core network. The resulting application, developed as part of our work, calculates the traffic and estimates the capacity of EPC network's core MME.
Moisture Transfer of Paper for Food Packaging Applications: A Laboratory Study
Authors: Dölle Klaus 
Published: December 2023

Since paper has been invented in Chana in 105 BC by Cai Lun it has transformed human live. Sustainable developments favor paper as packaging media to replace plastic packaging materials.
Laboratory tests were performed on commercially available packaging papers for the assessment of mechanical properties and vapor transmission rates that might affect the packaging of perishable goods to further develop paper-based packaging materials.
Research results of the mechanical paper properties values cannot be directly related and compared between the different packaging papers analyzed due to their different basis weight, composition and intended use.
Research results revealed that the application of a coating material can affect paper properties negatively but decrease the vapor transmission rate measured at 23°C and 50% relative humidity below 1.06 g for wax coating and 0.3 g for polyvinyl coatings. Parchment type paper products without coating can achieve a water vapor transmission rate of 1.35 g per 240 hours. an important factor for packaging perishable goods.
Therefore, packaging paper are specifically designed for their intended use and application including the application of a coating to the paper material to keep perishable goods longer fresh.
On the Interfacial Assembly of Anisotropic Amphiphilic Janus Particles
Authors: McGlasson Alex , Morgenthaler Eva , Bradley Laura C. , Russell Thomas P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt has been shown both theoretically and experimentally that amphiphilic Janus particles are the most effective solid surfactants to stabilize interfaces. In most cases, the Janus particles investigated have uniform morphologies with Janus boundaries dividing the particle into halves. However, there are many examples of Janus particles where the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains are not equally distributed. The effects of this uneven domain distribution on the mechanism and kinetics of Janus particle assembly, and final equilibrium state are not well‐understood. Dynamic pendant drop tensiometry offers a means to probe both the equilibrium assembly and the kinetics and mechanism of assembly. Here, the interfacial kinetics and assembly of spherical anisotropic Janus particles are investigated using dynamic pendant drop tensiometry. Systematic studies quantifying the time‐dependent interfacial behavior as a function of Janus particle morphology, chemical composition, particle concentration, and NaOH and HCl concentration are performed. These studies shed light on the assembly mechanism of more complex Janus particle morphologies and highlight their effectiveness as interface stabilizers.
Structurally Optimized Fluorinated Small‐Sized Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging during Pregnancy
Authors: Xu Chen , Chen Xinyu , Wang Qi , Zhang Lin , Gao Xiaoyan , Yang Xiaoming , Yang Linlin , Liu Xiangyang , Wang Xu , Wang Yudong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGadolinium‐based complex contrast agents (GBCAs), frequently applied in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are associated with severe acute anaphylactic shock and incurable nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Besides, the repeated use of GBCAs may result in the accumulation in various tissues. Given these potential adverse effects, GBCAs have not been well used during pregnancy. Herein, a novel metal‐free T2‐weighted MRI nanoprobe, designated fluorinated small‐sized graphene oxide with optimized fluorine content (LF‐sGO), is developed via graphene oxide materials. By introducing specific polar C─F bonds onto the small‐sized graphene oxide (sGO) skeleton, the prepared nanoprobe exhibits excellent water solubility, as well as superior MRI capabilities, thereby furnishing high‐resolution MRI anatomical information. Furthermore, the free radicals on LF‐sGO stabilized by C─F bonds confer LF‐sGO enrichment in the tumor region, enabling comprehensive imaging capability. The cytotoxicity study in vitro indicates that LF‐sGO has the potential to serve as a biocompatible imaging probe. Moreover, detailed in vivo studies on pregnant mice and zebrafish adequately demonstrate that microinjection of LF‐sGO does not induce dysontogensis and teratogenesis. This study successfully showcases a metal‐free nanoprobe that exhibits exceptional MRI capabilities for the purpose of tumor diagnosis. Notably, this nanoprobe holds promise for safe and effective tumor diagnosis during pregnancy.
Revealing the Effect of Halogenation Strategy on the Regulation of Crystallization Kinetics and Molecular Packing for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Dou , Zhang Lifu , Zeng Jie , Chi Weijie , Zhou Jialing , Zhou Erjun , Li Lanqing , Iwahashi Takashi , Michinobu Tsuyoshi , Ouchi Yukio , Xu Baomin , Kyaw Aung Ko Ko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHalogenation of non‐fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs) plays an important role in regulating their optoelectronic properties. However, the underlying mechanisms and their impact on the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) have remained unclear. Herein, a series of halogenated NFREAs incorporating F, Cl, and Br, are prepared to study their effect on crystallization kinetics, phase separation, molecular packing, and charge transport. Among various halogenation strategies, chlorination minimizes the Coulomb attractive energy between donor and acceptor, thereby facilitating exciton dissociation. In situ UV–vis absorption tests reveal that chlorinated acceptors exhibit a longer crystallization time, effectively suppressing excessive molecular aggregation and enhancing overall crystallinity. Additionally, chlorinated acceptors exhibit a longer exciton diffusion length, which promotes exciton dissociation while mitigating charge recombination in the devices. Consequently, two chlorinated NFREAs, TCN‐Cl, and PCN‐Cl, yield an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.85% and 15.30%, respectively, when blended with PM6 and J52 donors. These values represent the highest reported PCEs to date for NFREAs with A‐π‐A’‐π‐A and A‐π‐D‐π‐A structures. The study elucidates the crucial role of chlorination in extending exciton diffusion length and crystallization time. These effects significantly benefit phase separation within the active layers, enhance charge separation, and suppress recombination for achieving high‐efficiency OSCs.
Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Bandages with Integrated Antibacteria and Electrical Stimulation for Advanced Wound Management
Authors: Liu Xiaohao , Cai Zhuyun , Pei Manman , Zeng Hua , Yang Lijuan , Cao Wentao , Zhou Xuhui , Chen Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBandages for daily wounds are the most common medical supplies, but there are still ingrained defects in their appearance, comfort, functions, as well as environmental pollution. Here, novel bandages based on bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane for wound monitoring and advanced wound management are developed. The BC membrane is combined with silver nanowires (AgNWs) by using vacuum filtration method to achieve transparent, ultrathin (≈7 µm), breathable (389.98–547.79 g m−2 d−1), and sandwich‐structured BC/AgNWs bandages with superior mechanical properties (108.45–202.35 MPa), antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, biocompatibility, and conductivity (9.8 × 103–2.0 × 105 S m−1). Significantly, the BC/AgNWs bandage is used in the electrical stimulation (direct current, 600 microamperes for 1 h every other day) treatment of full‐thickness skin defect in rats, which obviously promotes wound healing by increasing the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The BC bandage is used for monitoring wounds and achieve a high accuracy of 94.7% in classifying wound healing stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling, by using a convolutional neural network. The outcomes of this study not only provide two BC‐based bandages as multifunctional wound management, but also demonstrate a new strategy for the development of the next generation of smart bandage.
Frequency‐independent Sound Absorbing Metamaterials
Authors: Gebrekidan Semere B. , Marburg Steffen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInspired by the concept of frequency‐independent antennas in the electromagnetics, which theoretically exhibit a frequency‐independent bandwidth, this paper extends the concept to acoustics by adopting a log‐spiral and its modified shape to introduce a class of metamaterials called frequency‐independent sound‐absorbing metamaterials. Without the requirement of multiple resonators, these metamaterials achieve an ultra‐broadband absorption spanning from 550 Hz for a wide range of incident angles up to 80°, using a single unit cell structure owing to Fabry–Pérot resonance, viscous boundary losses, and thermoviscous loss of the foam. Numerical and experimental analyses are provided to demonstrate the working principles of the proposed structures. Their performance is compared with archimedean spiral, and the influence of air and porous material parameters on the performance of the metamaterial is discussed in detail for normal and oblique incident waves. The underlying principle is discussed in detail, highlighting the distinctions between the proposed structures and state‐of‐the‐art broadband metamaterials. The proposed structures represent a pioneering advancement in the field by offering compact and ultra‐broadband sound‐absorbing metamaterials that are suitable for practical applications.