bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Usefulness of Echocardiographic Measurement of Proximal Aortic Diameter in Early Differentiation Between Type A Acute Aortic Dissection and ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kirigaya Jin , Iwahashi Noriaki , Abe Takeru , Gohbara Masaomi , Hanajima Yohei , Horii Mutsuo , Okada Kozo , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Yasuda Shota , Kosuge Masami , Ebina Toshiaki , Takeuchi Ichiro , Uchida Keiji , Tamura Kouichi , Hibi Kiyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Background
Contradictions between management modalities of type A acute aortic dissection (TAAAD) and ST‐elevation–myocardial infarction (STEMI) may result in clinical catastrophe. Therefore, we aimed to explore which 2‐dimensional echocardiography (2DE) findings are optimal for differentiating TAAAD from STEMI.

Methods and Results

This study included 340 patients with STEMI and 340 patients with TAAAD who underwent 2DE in the emergency department between 2012 and 2021. The proximal ascending aorta (PAA) diameter and other echocardiographic parameters were analyzed. PAA diameters were measured at 4 levels in the parasternal view: Valsalva, the sinotubular junction (STJ), the PAA at 1 cm above the STJ, and the PAA at 2 cm above the STJ. Receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis showed that Valsalva, STJ, PAA at 1 cm above the STJ, and PAA at 2 cm above the STJ were significant predictors of TAAAD (areas under the curve: 0.777, 0.924, 0.965, and 0.975, respectively;
P
<0.001) with the respective cutoff values of 39.4, 38.5, 39.8, and 41.2 mm. Multivariable analysis suggested that all 2DE parameters were significant predictors of TAAAD. Among the 2DE parameters examined, the incorporation of PAA at 2 cm above the STJ to clinical indicators exhibited the most significant diagnostic capability (C‐statistics, 0.97; net reclassification improvement, 1.81; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.61). When only TAAAD with coronary malperfusion and STEMI were analyzed, the diagnostic utility of PAA at 1 cm above the STJ was evident (C‐statistics, 0.99; net reclassification improvement, 1.79; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.67), with PAA at 2 cm above the STJ ranking second in diagnostic significance (C‐statistics, 0.99; net reclassification improvement, 1.12; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.66).

Conclusions
PAA measurements were the most beneficial for diagnosing TAAAD in all 2DE findings and TAAAD from STEMI.
Stroke‐Heart Syndrome: Does Sex Matter?
Authors: Rosso Michela , Ramaswamy Srinath , Kvantaliani Nino , Mulatu Yohannes , Little Jessica N. , Marczak Izabela , Brahmaroutu Ankita , Deo Rajat , Lewey Jennifer , Messé Steven R. , Cucchiara Brett L. , Levine Steven R. , Kasner Scott E. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Cardiovascular complications after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can be related to chronic/comorbid cardiac conditions or acute disruption of the brain–heart autonomic axis (stroke‐heart syndrome). Women are known to be more vulnerable to certain stress‐induced cardiac complications, such as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. We investigated sex differences in cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation, cardiac events, and outcomes after AIS.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with AIS from 5 stroke centers. Patients with AIS with elevated baseline cTn and at least 2 cTn measurements were included, while patients with acute comorbid conditions that could impact cTn levels were excluded. Poststroke acute myocardial injury was defined as the presence of a dynamic cTn pattern (rise/fall >20% in serial measurements) in the absence of acute atherosclerotic coronary disease (type 1 myocardial infarction) or cardiac death (type 3 myocardial infarction). From a total cohort of 3789 patients with AIS, 300 patients were included in the study: 160 were women (53%). Women were older, had a lower burden of cardiovascular risk factors, and more frequently had cardioembolic stroke and right insula involvement (
P
values all <0.05). In multivariate analysis, women were more likely to have a dynamic cTn pattern (adjusted odds ratio, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.2–3.6]) and develop poststroke acute myocardial injury (adjusted odds ratio, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.1–3.8]). Patients with poststroke acute myocardial injury had higher 7‐day mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 5.5 [95% CI, 1.2–24.4]).

Conclusions
In patients with AIS with elevated cTn at baseline, women are twice as likely to develop poststroke acute myocardial injury, and this is associated with higher risk of short‐term mortality. Translational studies are needed to clarify mechanisms underlying sex differences in cardiac events and mortality in AIS.
Ultraearly Intraventricular Hemorrhage Growth Predicts Early Neurologic Deterioration and Poor Functional Outcome After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Lv Xin‐Ni , Cheng Jing , Liu Xue‐Yun , Liu Jin‐Cheng , Deng Lan , Li Zuo‐Qiao , Pu Ming‐Jun , Chen Chu , Li Qi 
Published: October 2023

Background
The presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was extensively investigated and was associated with poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the effect of the speed of ventricular bleeding on outcomes is unknown.

Methods and Results

We prospectively included patients with ICH who had baseline computed tomography scans within 6 hours after ictus between January 2016 and October 2021. The clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without early neurologic deterioration (END). Ultraearly IVH growth (uIVHG) was defined as baseline IVH volume by onset‐to‐imaging time. The association between uIVHG and outcomes was assessed by using multivariable logistic regression analysis. We established the ultraearly IVH growth (uIVH) score and compared the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the existing scores for predicting END. A total of 299 patients were finally enrolled. Of those, 38 patients (12.7%) experienced END at 24 hours and 89 patients (29.8%) had poor outcomes at 90 days. After adjustment for confounding factors, uIVHG (odds ratio, 1.061 [95% CI, 1.011–1.113];
P
=0.016) was independently associated with END in multivariable analysis. A prediction score was developed on the basis of the logistic model. The uIVH score was developed as a sum of individual points (0–6) based on age, hematoma volume, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, hematoma expansion, and uIVHG ≥2.5 mL/h. In comparison with the ICH score and modified Emergency Department ICH Scale, the uIVH score exhibited best performance in the prediction of END.

Conclusions
uIVHG is associated with early neurologic deterioration and poor functional outcome in patients with ICH.
City as Human Good and Epiphany
Authors: Byrne Patrick H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In response to rising awareness of environmental and climate change crises, some theologians have examined more deeply the ways in which God’s presence is revealed through the natural world. While such explorations are important and necessary, they need to be balanced by complementary reflections on God’s presence in human activities as well. Cities have posed a special problem for such reflections. Cities are commonly regarded as sources of the corruption of human beings and the natural environment alike. While the problems posed by cities cannot be denied, this one-sided view obscures the special ways in which God’s presence is also manifested in urban life. This article draws upon the work of Jane Jacobs, Bernard Lonergan, M. Shawn Copeland and Gregory Boyle to draw attention to these manifestations.
The Interaction Between the Obligation to Warn and Other Rules of ihl
Authors: Benabbass Sara (S) , Zwanenburg Marten (M.C.) 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The obligation to give effective advance warning of an attack which may affect the civilian population is one of the precautions in attack parties to an armed conflict must take under ihl. Recent practice has shown this duty may interact with other rules of ihl. This article discusses this interaction. It focuses on warnings that spread terror, that may be used as a ruse or that lead to displacement of civilians, cases in which warnings arguably breach the principle of distinction, and cases in which warnings lead to human shields. The article concludes that in some cases the object and purpose of ihl may provide guidance in navigating the tension between the obligation to warn and another rule of ihl. It also concludes that the intention with which a warning is given may be decisive for distinguishing between a warning as required under ihl and as a violation of ihl.
Demand response strategy study of a radiant roof cooling system based on the thermal inertia of the building envelope
Authors: Guo Yidan , Xia Xueying , Wang Zhaotai , Liu Yuhan , Li Zhen 
Published: October 2023

There is an imbalance between supply and demand in the power system. Implementing demand response control strategies for air-conditioning systems is beneficial to optimize the allocation of power resources. Here, we use two single strategies and a combination strategy for the radiant roof cooling system: passive energy storage, global temperature reset, and the passive energy storage-global temperature reset combination strategy to implement demand response control, all of which achieve peak load reduction or shifting by changing the indoor controlled parameters. Based on the thermal inertia of the building envelope, we utilize a TRNSYS model to analyze the performance of three demand response strategies of radiant roof cooling systems in terms of thermal comfort, energy consumption, operating costs, and peak load shifting rates. The findings reveal that implementing demand response strategies can reduce the operating energy consumption of radiant roof cooling systems and facilitate peak load shifting. Among them, the combined response strategy shows the best peak load transfer effect, with a transfer rate of 19.84% and a better operating economy. Meanwhile, we find that the outdoor temperature affects the implementation of demand response strategies for the radiant roof cooling system based on the thermal inertia of the building envelope. Practical application The study has significant application value in the following aspects: Implementing a demand response strategy for the radiant roof cooling system, based on the thermal inertia of the building envelope, can reduce operational energy consumption and achieve peak load shifting. This approach effectively addresses the issue of supply-demand imbalance in the power system. The application of the work could facilitate improved operational energy efficiency, contributing to emissions reduction goals and optimizing the use of intermittent renewable energy systems in power grids.
The Complexity of the Seasonality of Nutritional Status: Two Annual Peaks in Child Wasting in Eastern Chad
Authors: Marshak Anastasia , Young Helen , Naumova Elena N. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Understanding seasonal patterns in nutritional status is critical for achieving and tracking global nutrition goals. However, the majority of nutrition seasonality research design draws on 2 or 3 within-year time points based on existing assumptions of seasonality, missing a more nuanced pattern. Objective: We aimed to identify the intra-year variability of childhood wasting, severe wasting, and weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) in a dryland single wet-season context and illustrate an analytical approach for improving analysis of the seasonality of nutritional status. Methods: To quantify the intra-year variability in nutritional status, we use data from a 23-month panel study (May 2018 to March 2020) following 231 children (6-59 months of age) in eastern Chad. We apply a mixed-effects harmonic regression with child- and village-level fixed effects on the odds of being wasted, severely wasted, and on WHZ, testing for multiple and nonsymmetrical seasonal peaks, adjusted for child sex and age. We triangulate our findings using climate data on temperature, vegetation, and precipitation. Results: We identify 2 annual peaks of wasting and severe wasting. Wasting peaks at 14.7% (confidence interval [CI], 11.8-18.2) at the end of the dry season, while the smaller peak corresponds to the start of the harvest period at 13.4% (CI, 10.7-16.6). The odds of being wasted decline during the rainy season to 11.8% (CI, 9.4-14.7), with the lowest prevalence of 8.8% (CI, 6.9-11.1) occurring during the start of the dry season. In addition, a 1°C monthly increase in temperature is significantly associated with a 5% (CI, 1.4-8.7) and 12% (CI, 3.0-20.3) increase in the odds that a child is wasted and severely wasted, respectively. Conclusions: Intra-year variability of child wasting is far more complex and nuanced than identified by the literature, with 2 peaks, as opposed to 1, likely corresponding to different seasonal drivers, such as food insecurity, disease, water contamination, and care practices at different times of year. Better seasonality analysis can go a long way in improving the timing and content of programming with the goal of reducing child wasting.
An Atelocollagen Injection Enhances the Healing of Nonoperatively Treated Achilles Tendon Tears: An Experimental Study in Rats
Authors: Jo Seong Kyeong , Yoo In Ha , Park Hyeon Yeong , Kang Chan , Han Seung Yun , Moon Ji Hyun , Park Won Ho , Yeo Yong Ho , Jun Sangmi , Yi Yoon-Sun , Lee Su Jeong , Tae Jung Yeon , Song Jae Hwang 
Published: October 2023

Background: There is growing interest in nonoperative treatment for the management of Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs). However, nonoperative treatment is limited by the risk of tendon reruptures and low satisfaction rates. Recently, atelocollagen injections have been reported to have beneficial effects on tendon healing. Purpose: To evaluate the beneficial effects of injected atelocollagen on Achilles tendon healing and investigate the mechanism of atelocollagen on tendon healing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Percutaneous tenotomy of the right Achilles tendon in 66 rats was performed. The animals were equally divided into the noninjection group (NG) and the collagen injection group (CG). At 1, 3, and 6 weeks, the Achilles functional index, cross-sectional area, load to failure, stiffness, stress, and the modified Bonar score were assessed. Transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were also performed. Results: The Achilles functional index (–6.8 vs −43.0, respectively; P = .040), load to failure (42.1 vs 27.0 N, respectively; P = .049), and stiffness (18.8 vs 10.3 N/mm, respectively; P = .049) were higher in the CG than those in the NG at 3 weeks. There were no significant differences in histological scores between the 2 groups. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the mean diameter of collagen fibrils in the CG was greater than that in the NG at 3 weeks (117.2 vs 72.6 nm, respectively; P < .001) and 6 weeks (202.1 vs 144.0 nm, respectively; P < .001). Western blot analysis showed that the expression of collagen type I in the CG was higher than that in the NG at 1 week ( P = .005) and 6 weeks ( P = .001). Conclusion: An atelocollagen injection had beneficial effects on the healing of nonoperatively treated Achilles tendon injuries. The Achilles tendon of CG rats exhibited better functional, biomechanical, and morphological outcomes compared with NG rats. The molecular data indicated that the mechanism of atelocollagen injections may be associated with an increased amount of collagen type I. Clinical Relevance: An atelocollagen injection might be a good adjuvant option for the nonoperative treatment of ATRs.
Dynamic Simulation and Test Verification of Hydraulic Automatic Tensioner for an Engine Timing Chain Drive System
Authors: Feng Zengming , Yang Jinxing , Wang Fei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs a fundamental component of an automobile engine's timing chain drive system, the hydraulic automatic tensioner significantly enhances fuel economy while minimizing system vibrations and noise. However, there is a noticeable lack of research on automatic hydraulic tensioners. This study presents a comprehensive calculation approach for the principal parameters of a hydraulic automatic tensioner. An effective method, grounded in hydraulics and multibody dynamics, was introduced for estimating the dynamic response of such a tensioner. The simulation model developed for the hydraulic tensioner is characterized by its rapid dynamic response, consistent operation, and high accuracy. The dynamic behavior of the tensioner was analyzed under varying boundary conditions, using sinusoidal signal excitation. It was observed that the maximum damping force increases with a decreasing leakage gap. Conversely, an increase in oil temperature or air content leads to a decrease in the maximum damping force. The reaction forces derived from these calculations align well with experimental results. This calculation and simulation approach offers considerable value for the design of innovative hydraulic tensioners. It not only streamlines the design phase, minimizes the number of trials, and reduces product costs, but also provides robust insights for evaluating the performance of hydraulic tensioners.
Advances and challenges in Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering: IWBBIO 2020
Authors: Valenzuela Olga , Cannataro Mario , Rusur Irena , Wang Jianxin , Zhao Zhongming , Rojas Ignacio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis Supplement issue, presents five research articles which are distributed, mainly due to the subject they address, from the 8th International Work-Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (IWBBIO 2020), which was held on line, during September, 30th–2nd October, 2020. These contributions have been chosen because of their quality and the importance of their findings. Those contributions were then invited to participate in this supplement for the following journals of BMC: BMC Bioinformatics and BMC Genomics. In the present Editorial in BMC journal, we summarize the contributions that provide a clear overview of the thematic areas covered by the IWBBIO conference, ranging from theoretical/review aspects to real-world applications of bioinformatic and biomedical engineering.
Cellular clarity: a logistic regression approach to identify root epidermal regulators of iron deficiency response
Authors: Schmittling Selene R. , Muhammad DurreShahwar , Haque Samiul , Long Terri A. , Williams Cranos M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlants respond to stress through highly tuned regulatory networks. While prior works identified master regulators of iron deficiency responses in A. thaliana from whole-root data, identifying regulators that act at the cellular level is critical to a more comprehensive understanding of iron homeostasis. Within the root epidermis complex molecular mechanisms that facilitate iron reduction and uptake from the rhizosphere are known to be regulated by bHLH transcriptional regulators. However, many questions remain about the regulatory mechanisms that control these responses, and how they may integrate with developmental processes within the epidermis. Here, we use transcriptional profiling to gain insight into root epidermis-specific regulatory processes.ResultsSet comparisons of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between whole root and epidermis transcript measurements identified differences in magnitude and timing of organ-level vs. epidermis-specific responses. Utilizing a unique sampling method combined with a mutual information metric across time-lagged and non-time-lagged windows, we identified relationships between clusters of functionally relevant differentially expressed genes suggesting that developmental regulatory processes may act upstream of well-known Fe-specific responses. By integrating static data (DNA motif information) with time-series transcriptomic data and employing machine learning approaches, specifically logistic regression models with LASSO, we also identified putative motifs that served as crucial features for predicting differentially expressed genes. Twenty-eight transcription factors (TFs) known to bind to these motifs were not differentially expressed, indicating that these TFs may be regulated post-transcriptionally or post-translationally. Notably, many of these TFs also play a role in root development and general stress response.ConclusionsThis work uncovered key differences in -Fe response identified using whole root data vs. cell-specific root epidermal data. Machine learning approaches combined with additional static data identified putative regulators of -Fe response that would not have been identified solely through transcriptomic profiles and reveal how developmental and general stress responses within the epidermis may act upstream of more specialized -Fe responses for Fe uptake.
Comparative age-period-cohort analysis
Authors: Rosenberg Philip S. , Miranda-Filho Adalberto , Whiteman David C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer surveillance researchers analyze incidence or mortality rates jointly indexed by age group and calendar period using age-period-cohort models. Many studies consider age- and period-specific rates in two or more strata defined by sex, race/ethnicity, etc. A comprehensive characterization of trends and patterns within each stratum can be obtained using age-period-cohort (APC) estimable functions (EF). However, currently available approaches for joint analysis and synthesis of EF are limited.

Methods
We develop a new method called Comparative Age-Period-Cohort Analysis to quantify similarities and differences of EF across strata. Comparative Analysis identifies whether the stratum-specific hazard rates are proportional by age, period, or cohort.

Results
Proportionality imposes natural constraints on the EF that can be exploited to gain efficiency and simplify the interpretation of the data. Comparative Analysis can also identify differences or diversity in proportional relationships between subsets of strata (“pattern heterogeneity”). We present three examples using cancer incidence from the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program: non-malignant meningioma by sex; multiple myeloma among men stratified by race/ethnicity; and in situ melanoma by anatomic site among white women.

Conclusions
For studies of cancer rates with from two through to around 10 strata, which covers many outstanding questions in cancer surveillance research, our new method provides a comprehensive, coherent, and reproducible approach for joint analysis and synthesis of age-period-cohort estimable functions.