bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormonal Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Clinical Data
Authors: Hsu Stephanie , Bove Riley 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Given the potential for exogenous hormones to influence risk and course of MS, this narrative review aims to summarize current knowledge from observational and interventional studies of exogenous hormones in humans with MS.

Recent Findings
Large randomized clinical trials for combined oral contraceptives and estriol both show modest effect on inflammatory activity, with the latter showing potential neuroprotective effect. After fertility treatment, large actively treated cohorts have not confirmed any elevated risk of relapse. Preclinical data suggest that androgens, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) may be neuroprotective but clinical data are lacking. Gender affirming treatment, particularly estrogen in trans-women, could possibly be associated with elevated risk of inflammation. For women with MS entering menopause, hormone therapy appears safe during the appropriate menopausal window, but its long-term effects on neuroprotection are unknown.

Summary
Exogenous hormones, used in varied doses and for diverse indications, have variable effects on MS risk, inflammatory activity, and neuroprotection. Large randomized trials are needed before it is possible to determine the true effect of exogenous hormones in a condition as complex as MS.
Nozzle temperature calibration in 3D printing
Authors: Gkertzos Petros , Kotzakolios Athanasios , Mantzouranis Georgios , Kostopoulos Vassilis 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProcess parameters can have a significant effect on the quality and performance of 3D printed parts. That is especially true for parameters affecting the temperature profile during manufacturing as temperature is the driving mechanism for bond formation between neighboring material. Supported by corresponding literature, experimental data obtained from a thermal camera exhibit a 23 °C difference between actual nozzle temperature and printing temperature specified during slicing of the part. This can result in lower mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy than originally designed, or even result in failed prints due to poor adhesion between the part and the heated bed. So, in this work, a hybrid experimental, numerical study of the factors affecting the nozzle temperature is performed, in order to calibrate and achieve the desired printing temperature. Specifically, a typical hotend is designed and is heated up to the printing temperature. The hotend exchanges heat with the environment, due to convection and radiation. The actual nozzle temperature at different combinations of printing conditions and materials is obtained. The numerical results are validated by experiments, showing a difference of less than 3%. Data driven models with accurate nozzle temperature predictions are provided to aid in selecting optimal slicing parameters.
Autoinflammatory Keratinization Diseases—The Concept, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Blicharz Leszek , Czuwara Joanna , Rudnicka Lidia , Torrelo Antonio 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent advances in medical genetics elucidated the background of diseases characterized by superficial dermal and epidermal inflammation with resultant aberrant keratosis. This led to introducing the term autoinflammatory keratinization diseases encompassing entities in which monogenic mutations cause spontaneous activation of the innate immunity and subsequent disruption of the keratinization process. Originally, autoinflammatory keratinization diseases were attributed to pathogenic variants of CARD14 (generalized pustular psoriasis with concomitant psoriasis vulgaris, palmoplantar pustulosis, type V pityriasis rubra pilaris), IL36RN (generalized pustular psoriasis without concomitant psoriasis vulgaris, impetigo herpetiformis, acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau), NLRP1 (familial forms of keratosis lichenoides chronica), and genes of the mevalonate pathway, i.e., MVK, PMVK, MVD, and FDPS (porokeratosis). Since then, endotypes underlying novel entities matching the concept of autoinflammatory keratinization diseases have been discovered (mutations of JAK1, POMP, and EGFR). This review describes the concept and pathophysiology of autoinflammatory keratinization diseases and outlines the characteristic clinical features of the associated entities. Furthermore, a novel term for NLRP1-associated autoinflammatory disease with epithelial dyskeratosis (NADED) describing the spectrum of autoinflammatory keratinization diseases secondary to NLRP1 mutations is proposed.
The impact of electronic versus paper-based data capture on data collection logistics and on missing scores in thyroid cancer patients
Authors: Singer Susanne , Sykiotis Gerasimos , Al-Ibraheem Akram , Pinto Monica , Iakovou Ioannis , Østhus Arild Andre , Hammerlid Eva , Locati Laura Deborah , Gamper Eva Maria , Arraras Juan Ignacio , Jordan Susan , Buettner Matthias , Engesser Deborah , Taylor Katherine , Canotilho Rita , Ioannidis Georgios , Husson Olga , Gama Ricardo Ribeiro , Fanetti Giuseppe , Moss Laura , Inhestern Johanna , Andry Guy , Rimmele Harald , Kiyota Naomi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the type of data capture on the time and help needed for collecting patient-reported outcomes as well as on the proportion of missing scores.

Methods
In a multinational prospective study, thyroid cancer patients from 17 countries completed a validated questionnaire measuring quality of life. Electronic data capture was compared to the paper-based approach using multivariate logistic regression.

Results
A total of 437 patients were included, of whom 13% used electronic data capture. The relation between data capture and time needed was modified by the emotional functioning of the patients. Those with clinical impairments in that respect needed more time to complete the questionnaire when they used electronic data capture compared to paper and pencil (ORadj 24.0; p = 0.006). This was not the case when patients had sub-threshold emotional problems (ORadj 1.9; p = 0.48). The odds of having the researcher reading the questions out (instead of the patient doing this themselves) (ORadj 0.1; p = 0.01) and of needing any help (ORadj 0.1; p = 0.01) were lower when electronic data capture was used. The proportion of missing scores was equivalent in both groups (ORadj 0.4, p = 0.42).

Conclusions
The advantages of electronic data capture, such as real-time assessment and fewer data entry errors, may come at the price of more time required for data collection when the patients have mental health problems. As this is not uncommon in thyroid cancer, researchers need to choose the type of data capture wisely for their particular research question.
Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAI-R DTC) treated with first line lenvatinib monotherapy in the United States
Authors: Worden Francis , Rajkovic-Hooley Olivera , Reynolds Neil , Milligan Gary , Zhang Jingchuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lenvatinib was approved for the treatment of patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAI-R DTC) in the United States (US) in 2015. The main objective of the current study was to assess real-world clinical effectiveness in RAI-R DTC patients treated with first line lenvatinib monotherapy in the US.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted in RAI-R DTC patients who initiated lenvatinib monotherapy as first line treatment between February 2015 and September 2020. Anonymized data were abstracted by prescribing physicians from individual patient’s electronic health records. Clinical outcomes included provider-reported real-world best overall response (rwBOR), real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS), and overall survival (OS). Time-to-event endpoints were assessed using Kaplan–Meier methods.

Results
Our study included 308 RAI-R DTC patients treated with first line lenvatinib. At lenvatinib initiation, patients’ median age was 60 years, 51.6% were female, and 26.0% of patients had an ECOG performance score of ≥2. Over the follow-up period, 32.5% of patients discontinued first line lenvatinib permanently, with others remaining on treatment. The median duration of lenvatinib therapy was 17.5 months overall. Provider-reported rwBOR (complete or partial response) to lenvatinib was 72.4%. Median rwPFS was 49.0 months. Estimated rwPFS rates at 24 and 48 months were 68.5% and 55.0%, respectively. Estimated OS rates at 24 and 72 months were 78.4% and 57.0%, respectively; median OS was not reached.

Conclusion
The current study reinforces the clinical effectiveness of first line lenvatinib as standard of care in patients with RAI-R DTC in real-world clinical practice in the US.
Cat and dog scavenging at indoor forensic scenes: strategies for documentation and detection
Authors: Indra Lara , Schyma Christian , Lösch Sandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVertebrate scavenging on human remains is occasionally observed at indoor forensic scenes, especially when pets have access to the body and their deceased owners were socially distanced. Pets feeding on corpses have implications for the forensic investigation, e.g. for trauma analysis and the assessment of the cause of death, the estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI), or the recovery of the complete set of remains. Documentation of potential scavenging in forensic practice is tenuous and needs to be improved in order to be able to use the information for future casework. Investigators need to be aware of the alterations pets can cause to human remains and how these affect further analyses. Following a combined literature review for cat and canine scavenging, we present seven new cases from Switzerland with cat and/or dog involvement. We then created a flowchart guide for a systematic collection of data to use at indoor forensic scenes of suspected scavenging. Our literature review revealed the challenge in discriminating between scavenging by domestic cats and dogs, based on the appearance of the lesions alone. Furthermore, the information that is often routinely collected in indoor fatalities with potential scavenging activity is not sufficient to perform this separation. To provide a practical basis for cat and canine scavenging and its differentiation, we summarise strategies and present a flowchart to use in forensic casework of suspected indoor scavenging.
Growth of Subsolutions of $$\Delta _p u = V|u|^{p-2}u$$ and of a General Class of Quasilinear Equations
Authors: Alías Luis J. , Colombo Giulio , Rigoli Marco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper we prove some integral estimates on the minimal growth of the positive part $$u_+$$

u
+

of subsolutions of quasilinear equations $$\begin{aligned} \textrm{div}A(x,u,\nabla u) = V|u|^{p-2}u \end{aligned}$$

div
A

(
x
,
u
,
∇
u
)

=

V
|
u
|

p
-
2

u

on complete Riemannian manifolds M, in the non-trivial case $$u_+\not \equiv 0$$

u
+

≢
0

. Here A satisfies the structural assumption $$|A(x,u,\nabla u)|^{p/(p-1)} \le k \langle A(x,u,\nabla u),\nabla u\rangle $$

|
A

(
x
,
u
,
∇
u
)

|

p
/
(
p
-
1
)

≤
k

⟨
A

(
x
,
u
,
∇
u
)

,
∇
u
⟩

for some constant $$k>0$$

k
>
0

and for $$p>1$$

p
>
1

the same exponent appearing on the RHS of the equation, and V is a continuous positive function, possibly decaying at a controlled rate at infinity. We underline that the equation may be degenerate and that our arguments do not require any geometric assumption on M beyond completeness of the metric. From these results we also deduce a Liouville-type theorem for sufficiently slowly growing solutions.
Repetitive Nanosecond Laser-Induced Oxidation and Phase Transformation in NiTi Alloy
Authors: Choi Haneul , Na Min Young , Jun Indong , Jeon Hojeong , Kim Yu-Chan , Park Jin-Woo , Chang Hye Jung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNiTi shape memory alloys, known as Nitinol, are highly valuable in medical fields for their unique attributes, including superelasticity, wear resistance, and biocompatibility. Laser treatment provides precise control over surface characteristics, enhancing biocompatibility. This study focuses on the effects of laser irradiation on NiTi alloy surfaces, particularly considering the number of laser scans and their impact on surface features. Even at low laser power, multiple high-frequency scans significantly alter surface roughness and induce phase transformation. After 16 repeated laser irradiations, amorphous Ti oxide transforms into crystalline anatase. Remarkably, anatase can further transform into rutile due to the influence of Ni nearby and TiO, due to insufficient oxygen content. The most notable outcome is the formation of a thick Ti oxide layer, causing unbound Ni to emerge on the surface, resulting in a Ni oxide layer. These findings highlight the importance of precisely adjusting laser parameters to achieve tailored surface properties for medical applications, addressing challenges and enhancing biocompatibility.
Graphical abstract
Experimental timing of pyrite oxidation under various leaching conditions: consequences for rates of weathering in geological profiles
Authors: Poot Julien , Felten Alexandre , Colaux Julien L. , Gouttebaron Rachel , Lepêcheur Guillaume , Rochez Gaëtan , Yans Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPyrite (FeS2) is one of the most abundant sulfides on Earth and has already been studied in numerous ways for decades because of its rapid oxidation and the associated environmental impacts. This study proposes a new experimental physico-chemical approach (air, tridistilled water and water drip exposure) to determine the oxidation rate of pyrite using surface and depth data via XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) analyses. Our experimental study of almost pure pyrite reveals a maximum oxidation rate of 11.7 ± 1.8 nm day−1 for drip exposure with precipitation of sulfates or Fe-oxides depending on the experimental condition. The oxidation rates obtained under various experimental conditions may be extrapolated to weathering rates of different zones of supergene profiles/ores (leached zone, saprolite and cementation zone). The extrapolation suggests a maximum rate of 4.3 ± 0.6 m Ma−1, which is consistent with data obtained by isotope dating of weathering profiles. Under geological conditions however, the oxidation rate of pyrite may be influenced by additional parameters, such as the nature of the host rock, its porosity/permeability, the climate, the influence of an oxidizing environment, and the mineralization of secondary minerals.
Investigating the effects of printing temperatures and deposition on the compressive properties and density of 3D printed polyetheretherketone
Authors: Rendas Pedro , Figueiredo Lígia , Cláudio Ricardo , Vidal Catarina , Soares Bruno 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a biocompatible high-performance thermoplastic that can be processed through material extrusion (ME) additive manufacturing (AM) for load-bearing implant applications. In this work, density measurements and compression testing were used to investigate the relation between printing temperatures and deposition patterns of PEEK 3D printed samples. Different deposition patterns were tested with different nozzle and zone heater temperatures to observe how the heat input from the printing process influenced the deposition stability with different nozzle paths. Compression test results showed that samples with concentric-based deposition patterns resulted in higher compressive yield strength and modulus than the rectilinear samples. These results were correlated with the samples’ void contents estimated from density measurements. Both the highest 0.2% offset yield strength of 100.3 MPa and the highest modulus of 3.58 GPa were obtained with an interlayer offset deposition which resulted in reductions in estimated void contents between 48 and 72% in relation to concentric deposition. Different printing temperatures and deposition sequences were tested, where higher printing temperatures resulted in lower yield strength and stiffness. Alternating deposition between the outer and inner lines of the concentric pattern resulted in a reduction of about 43% in void contents and increased elastic modulus and yield strength from 3.12 to 3.40 GPa and 94.4 to 95.2 MPa respectively. The results from this work suggest that the relation between printing temperatures and deposition strategy for different print geometries plays a significant role in the ME-AM of PEEK for high-performance applications.
Emotion Regulation Convoys: Individual and Age Differences in the Hierarchical Configuration of Emotion Regulation Behaviors in Everyday Life
Authors: DiGirolamo Marissa A. , Neupert Shevaun D. , Isaacowitz Derek M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA key limitation of studying emotion regulation behavior is that there is currently no way to describe individual differences in use across a range of tactics, which could lead to investigations of intraindividual changes over time or interindividual differences as a function of personality, age, culture, or psychopathology diagnosis. We, therefore, introduce emotion regulation convoys. This research tool provides a snapshot of the hierarchy of emotion regulation tactics an individual favors across everyday life situations and how effective they are at regulating moods. We present data from a 3-month measurement burst study of emotion regulation behavior in everyday life in a sample (N = 236) of younger (18–39), middle-aged (40–59), and older adults (60–87), focusing on how individuals’ convoys may vary in how much they include tactics that involve upregulating-positivity, downregulating-negativity, upregulating-negativity, as well as acceptance, and how these may be differentially effective. Among the most frequently used tactics (top tactics), older adults used a lower proportion of negativity-downregulating tactics than younger adults (p < .001), and younger adults’ mood was more negatively affected by these tactics than middle-aged and older adults. Overall, using positivity-upregulating as a top tactic also predicted better mood post-regulation. Older adults’ emotion regulation convoys may be made up of more effective tactics; in general, they reported more positive mood post-regulation than the other age groups. Convoys help us see emotion regulation as a hierarchical configuration of potentially effective behaviors, allowing us to test for between-group differences and within-person changes more precisely.
Consumer Engagement in Circular Consumption Systems: a Roadmap Structure for Apparel Retail Companies
Authors: Gomes Giovana Monteiro , Moreira Natalia , Ometto Aldo Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganizations that adopt Circular Business Models, such as apparel companies, must overcome barriers on many levels, including the lack of consumer engagement. Data from different stakeholders in the Brazilian apparel value chain were gathered, and interviews with circular apparel companies were conducted to support the development of a roadmap structure that guides companies in engaging their consumers. The roadmap structure has three layers, consumer behavior, business model design, and communication and marketing, and provides sets of activities that contribute to the success of circular transition in apparel companies, by supporting short- and long-term changes in consumer behavior through cohesive processes of product development and promotion. The roadmap structure, therefore, presents an integrated view of important determinants of circular consumer engagement. This tool can be piloted and implemented by apparel retail companies that operate in circular production and consumption systems.
Historical Shifts in Seasonality and Timing of Extreme Precipitation
Authors: Gründemann G. J. , Zorzetto E. , van de Giesen N. , van der Ent R. J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlobal warming impacts the hydrological cycle, affecting the seasonality and timing of extreme precipitation. Understanding historical changes in extreme precipitation occurrence is crucial for assessing their impacts. This study uses relative entropy to analyze historical changes in seasonality and timing of extreme daily precipitation occurrences on the global domain for 63 years of fifth generation of the European Reanalysis reanalysis data. Our analysis reveals distinct regional patterns of change. During the second half of the 20th century, Africa and Asia experienced high clustering of precipitation extremes. Over the past 60 years, clustering increased in Africa while becoming more spread out in Asia. North America and Australia had initially lower clustering and showed slight increases over time. Extreme events in extra‐tropical land regions mainly occurred in summer, with modest shifts in timing. These findings have implications for risk assessments of natural hazard like flash floods and landslides, emphasizing the necessity for region‐specific adaptation strategies.
Influence of the Neutral Atmosphere Model on the Correctness of Simulation the Electron and Ion Concentrations in the Lower Ionosphere
Authors: Bekker S. Z. , Korsunskaya J. A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe work is devoted to modeling and verification of the dynamics of charged components of the Earth's lower ionosphere, obtained using different values of the background neutral atmosphere parameters. Long‐term experimental data on temperature and concentration of neutral components from the Aura satellite and Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter Radar (MSIS) model were used as input data. The average relative difference between the electron concentration values obtained using Aura and MSIS data (11 June 2014, 6–18 UT, h = 50–90 km, 41°N 10°E) was 34%. Obtained results were verified with use of very low frequency (VLF) signals propagation data, which were collected on Mikhnevo Geophysical Observatory (GPO) and A118 station from GBZ, GQD, DHO, TBB, and ICV transmitters. Based on the results of the verification, it was found that the response of the lower ionosphere to X‐ray flares, that occurred on 9–11 June 2014, is better described by the Aura satellite data in 4 out of 5 cases. Consequently, they are more preferable for predicting the state of ionospheric parameters below the reflection height of signals of the considered frequencies (∼75 km). It is also shown that taking into account the ion concentration for calculation the amplitude‐phase characteristics of the VLF‐signals makes it possible to describe the dynamics of parameters better.
Estimating post‐Depositional Detrital Remanent Magnetization (pDRM) Effects: A Flexible Lock‐In Function Approach
Authors: Bohsung L. , Schanner M. , Korte M. , Holschneider M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe primary data sources for reconstructing the geomagnetic field of the past millennia are archeomagnetic and sedimentary paleomagnetic data. Sediment records, in particular, are crucial in extending the temporal and spatial coverage of global geomagnetic field models, especially when archeomagnetic data are sparse. The exact process on how sediment data acquire magnetization including post‐depositional detrital remanent magnetization is still poorly understood. However, it is widely accepted that these effects lead to a smoothing of the magnetic signal and offsets with respect to the sediment age. They impede the direct inclusion of sediment records in global geomagnetic field modeling. As a first step, we model these effects for a single sediment core using a new class of flexible parameterized lock‐in functions. The parameters of the lock‐in function are estimated by the maximum likelihood method using archeomagnetic data as a reference. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated through synthetic tests. Our results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of estimating the parameters associated with the distortion caused by the lock‐in process.