bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time Disparities in Stroke Care Access: A Prospective Comparative Study of Patients Transported by Emergency Medical Services Stroke Pathway Versus by Private Cars in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alabdali Abdullah , Alqahtani Afnan , Alghaith Alanowd , Alowayid Reem , Alsagri Shaden , Alshamari Alanwd , Alsaleh Ali , Aldibasi Omar , Alsenani Fahmi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Stroke is an emergency condition that can lead to long-term disability or death if not recognized early and managed appropriately. Emergency medical service (EMS) providers play a significant role in recognizing, stabilizing, and transporting patients with suspected stroke to the nearest appropriate facility. Recently, a new stroke pathway was implemented in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in which suspected stroke patients are transported immediately to King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), and the stroke team is notified prior to the patient's arrival.
Study Objective:
This study aimed to compare the time of care access for stroke patients transported by EMS using the new stroke pathway with that when transporting by private cars.
Methods
This prospective study was conducted at KFMC from January 17 to December 31 2022, focusing on adult patients whose stroke codes were activated during that year. Patient characteristics, time to care access, and their 90-day mortality outcomes were also recorded. The SAS software (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA) was used for all analyses.
Results
Altogether, 478 patients were included in the study; 173 were transported by EMS, whereas the remaining 305 were transported by private car. The majority of cases in the EMS group were categorized as moderate, moderate-to-severe, and severe based on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, compared to the majority of cases in the private car group that were categorized as moderate, minor, or severe. The median time to stroke care access was significantly shorter in the private car group than in the EMS group. Additionally, the EMS group had a higher mortality rate than the private car group, although the difference was not significant (P = 0.2826).
Conclusion
The significant difference in the time of care access between the two groups indicated that patients transported by EMS using the new stroke pathway received care faster than those transported by private cars.
Theoretical Exploring of Potential mechanisms of Antithrombotic Ingredients in Danshen-Chishao Herb-Pair by Network Pharmacological Study, Molecular Docking and Zebrafish Models
Authors: Rao Chang , Hu Ruixue , Hu Yongxin , Jiang Yan , Zou Xu , Tang Huilan , Hu Guang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen, DS) and Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao, CS) herbal pair (DS-CS) is a famous traditional Chinese combination which has been used as antithrombotic formular for centuries. However, there is still lack of sufficient scientific evidence to illustrate its underlying mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antithrombotic effects of DS-CS extract in zebrafish and explore its possible mechanism of action.
Methods In our investigation, the antithrombotic activities of DS-CS extract and a 1:1 combination of its major components, Salvianolic acid A (SAA) and Paeoniflorin (PF), were evaluated in zebrafish. Network pharmacological study methods and molecular docking were performed to identify the key protein targets.
Results The results showed that both DS-CS extract and the combination of PF and SAA exhibited good antithrombotic activity in zebrafish. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified key genes like ALB, SRC, MMP9, CASP3, EGFR, FGF2, KDR, MMP2, F2 and F10 correlated with the antithrombotic action of PF and SAA. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis indicated involvement of lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding of PF and SAA to pivotal hub genes, including SRC, EGFR, and F10.
Conclusion This research provides information and insights into the possible mechanisms of the antithrombotic activity of DS-CS.
Phosphatidylinositol promoted the proliferation and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells by regulating POU1F1 expresion
Authors: Yang Wei , Xu Tongjiang , Zhai Xiaodong , Wang RuiWei , Wu Xiaoben , Zhou ZhiZhen , Shang MiaoMiao , Wang Chongcheng , Qi Tengfei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Invasiveness of pituitary adenoma is the main cause of its poor prognosis, mechanism of which remains largely unknown. In this study, the differential proteins between invasive and non-invasive pituitary tumors (IPA and NIPA) were identified by TMT labeled quantitative proteomics. The differential metabolites in venous bloods from patients with IPA and NIPA were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics. Proteomic data showed that the top five up-regulated proteins were AD021, C2orf15, PLCXD3, HIST3H2BB and POU1F1, and the top five down-regulated proteins were AIPL1, CALB2, GLUD2, SLC4A10 and GTF2I. Metabolomic data showed that phosphatidylinositol (PI) was most remarkably up-regulated and melibiose was most obviously down-regulated. Further investigation demonstrated that PI stimulation increased the expression of PITPNM1, POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA as well as the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, and promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of GH3 cells, which were blocked by PITPNM1knockdown. Inhibiting AKT phosphorylation reduced the expression of POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA in PI-stimulated cells while activating AKT increased their expression in PITPNM1-silencing cells, which was similar to the function of ERK. POU1F1 silence suppressed the expression of LDHA and C2orf15. Luciferase report assay and ChIP assay demonstrated that POU1F1 positively regulated the transcription of LDHA and C2orf15. In addition, PI propelled the metastasis of GH3 cells in vivo, and elevated the expression of PITPNM1, POU1F1, C2orf15 and LDHA. These results suggested that elevated serum PI might contribute to the proliferation and invasion of pituitary adenoma by regulating the expression of PITPNM1/AKT/ERK/POU1F1 axis.
Spatiotemporal heterogeneity and protective polarization of astrocytes depending on intercellular interaction after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Qu Yan , Feng Dayun , Zhang Yu , Zhou Jinpeng , Liu Haixiao , Li Kailu , Li Fei , Dong Baowen , Li Leiyang , Wang Tinghao , Luo Jianing , Cai Yaning , Guo Wei , Song Xinqiang , Ge Shunnan , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Multiple cells and their interactions in the perihematomal lesions play crucial roles in the progression of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but full dynamics of intercellular interactions among the resident and peripheral cells remain incompletely characterized. Here we provided a dynamic single-cell transcriptome landscape of the perihematomal lesions from ICH mice. Astrocytes emerged as the primary signal recipients in the cell-cell communication network, exhibiting spatiotemporal diversity with six identified subtypes surrounding the hematoma in both ICH mice and patients. Notably, A2, A-glia, and A-regen subtypes of astrocytes dominantly formed the palisading astrocyte scar at day 7 post-ICH exerting neuroprotection and brain repair. The ligand-receptor pair PSAP-GPR37L1, dominant in incoming signaling of astrocytes post-ICH, was essential in astrocyte scar formation and protective polarization, thus mitigating brain injury. Overall, our study provided a comprehensive profile of intercellular interactions in perihematomal lesions following ICH and highlighted astrocyte heterogeneity in the pathologic processes and early intervention.
Oral Hygiene Behavior among Adolescents in Mongolia: Results from the Global School-based Health Survey 2019
Authors: Badarch Javzan , Jargaltsogt Delgertstetseg , Enkhtaivan Bilguun , Bat-Orshikh Nyamdelger , Chuluunbaatar Bayar , Batbaatar Suvd , Paulik Edit , Badral Batbayar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Tooth brushing at least twice a day is a crucial role for the prevention and control of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence of poor oral hygiene (tooth brushing less than two times per day) and to identify the associated factors among adolescents in Mongolia. We analyzed data from the 2019 Mongolian Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted nationwide among 10–18-year-old students. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the correlates of poor oral hygiene. Overall, 35.6% of the adolescents reported to have poor oral hygiene in 2019. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association in the total sample of poor oral hygiene with male gender, poor hand hygiene behaviors including did not wash hand before eating, did not wash hand after toilet and handwashing without soap, being bullied, lack of close friends, smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. Several factors, including hand hygiene behaviors, mental distress, substance use, and health risk behaviors were found to be associated, which can aid in designing school-based dental health education intervention strategies to help students to develop habits that improve their health.
Integrin α7 regulates the development of the myodural bridge complex in rats
Authors: Liu Yun-Feng , Zhang Lu , Song Xue , Zhang Xin-Yuan , Sun Jing-Xian , Shao Qing , Wang Jia-Wei , Yuan Xiao-Ying , Chi Yan-Yan , Zhang Ruo-Tong , Yu Sheng-Bo , Ma Wei , Sui Hong-Jin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The myodural bridge (MDB) is a fibrous structure that connects the suboccipital musculature to the cervical spinal dura mater (SDM) via the atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial interspaces. Muscles, ligaments, and MDB fibers integrated a functional unit known as MDB complex (MDBC). MDB is an evolutionarily conserved physiological structure that is considered as a dynamic source of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Integrin α7 (ITGA7) plays a crucial role in transmitting both longitudinal and lateral forces generated by muscle contraction. To explore the molecular mechanism and the force transmission role of MDB, shRNA-ITGA7 lentivirus vectors were injected into the rectus capitis dorsal minor (RCDmi) of neonatal rats. Inhibition of ITGA7 expression led to muscle dystrophy and an increase in loose and lacked directionality MDB fibers in the atlanto-occipital interspace. Collagen fibers displayed varying thicknesses and formed interlaced clusters. Numerous fibroblasts remained interspersed among the MDB fibers. Inhibition of ITGA7 expression impedes MDBC development and formation. The study indicates that suboccipital muscle stress influences MDB fiber differentiation and maturation, confirming the role of MDB in transmitting this stress to SDM and in cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of ITGA7 as a pivotal regulator in MDBC development.
Development of optimization-based budget allocation model for seismic reinforcement based on seismic risk assessment
Authors: Kim Jong-Kwan , Kim Seok-Jung , Song Ho-Min , Yoo Mintaek 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this study, we developed a technology to predict the economic damage to facilities in a certain area during an earthquake to facilitate the efficient application of performance-based maintenance and seismic reinforcement. Additionally, we derived an algorithm for establishing a reinforcement plan that can minimize earthquake damage within a limited budget. The fragility function for earthquake damage assessment utilized the results of previous studies and an optimization-based budget allocation algorithm for seismic reinforcement was developed by calculating the estimated damage before and after seismic reinforcement based on target damage ratio(TDR) concept and linear approximation (COBYLA) algorithm. To verify the applicability of the developed model, a fictitious city with a 30km x 30km section was set up, and bridges, embankments, and buildings were placed. In addition, the pre- and post-reinforcement damages were evaluated according to two earthquake scenarios, and the optimization-based budget allocation model that can minimize the damages was applied.
Feature Fusion for Epileptic Seizure Detection from EEG Data: A CNN- Based Approach with High Precision
Authors: S Kavya B , Prasad S. N. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study presents a novel method for automatic seizure identification in epilepsy by applying a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to spectrogram pictures of electroencephalogram (EEG) data. The research uses the Python programming language and Jupyter Notebook for its implementation; its goal is to improve seizure detection throughput and precision. By converting EEG data to spectrogram pictures, the approach provides a rich time frequency representation ideal for enhanced feature extraction. In addition, a random forest (RF) method is used for auxiliary feature extraction, which boosts the model’s discriminatory ability. The deep CNN undergoes training using spectrogram images, facilitating the autonomous classification of EEG signals into two distinct categories: one indicative of a healthy state and the other representing ictal conditions. The implementation is accomplished using Python and the powerful TensorFlow and Keras libraries within a Jupyter Notebook environment. To test the consistency and applicability of the proposed method, the experimental assessment uses the Bonn University database, which contains a various situation. The results show that the deep CNN model is highly effective at differentiating between normal EEG patterns and those caused by seizures, with a remarkable classification accuracy of 98.4%. Furthermore, this work adds to the increasing body of knowledge in automated seizure identification, which may have implications for real-time monitoring and enhanced patient care beyond the high classification accuracy observed.
Health-related quality of life and its determinants among school-going adolescents in Garhwal division of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Kumari Ranjeeta , Seth Aswani Kumar , Singh Yogesh , Aravindan Nisarg , Nath Bhola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Adolescents are exposed to environmental factors and different developmental processes that impact their health. The study aims to assess the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of school-going adolescents and its associated determinants.
Methods
A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 634 randomly selected adolescents from 13 randomly selected schools in Uttarakhand, India. They were screened using the short version of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire. Along with physical activity and fitness assessment, the Global School-based Student Health Survey questionnaire was administered. The transformed HRQoL domain scores were calculated using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. A univariate and multivariable linear regression model was applied to identify the determinants of HRQoL.
Results
There were 324 (51.1%) boys and 310 (48.9%) girls. The mean (± SD) age of students was 14.4 (± 1.4) years. The highest mean (± SD) score was 72.3 (± 21.0) for the social relationship domain and the lowest mean (± SD) was 55.6 (± 15.0) for the physical domain. The age, parents using any form of tobacco, a history of ever consuming alcohol and physical fitness were significantly associated with HRQoL domain scores. The non-dominant back stretch test was also associated (Beta coefficient; SE; p-value) with physical (-4.1; 1.4; 0.002), psychosocial (-3.9; 1.5; 0.010) and environment (-3.5; 1.4; 0.014) domain scores.
Conclusion
All domains of HRQoL need improvement to address the unaccounted psychological, social and mental well-being of adolescents. Addressing substance abuse in the family and promoting physical fitness in school would help improve HRQoL among them.
Peanut LEAFY COTYLEDON1-type genes participate in regulating the embryo development and the accumulation of storage lipids
Authors: Tang Guiying , Xu Pingli , Jiang Chunyu , Li Guowei , Shan Lei , Wan Shubo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) isa member of the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) family of transcription factors and has been identified as a key regulator of embryonic development. In the present study, two LEC1-type genes from Arachis hypogeae were identified and designated as AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10; these genes belong to subgenome A and subgenome B, respectively. The functions of AhNF-YB1and AhNF-YB10 were investigated by complementation analysis of their defective phenotypes of the Arabidopsis lec1-2 mutant and by ectopic expression in wild-type Arabidopsis. The results indicated that both AhNF-YB1 and AhNF-YB10 participate in regulating embryogenesis, embryo development, and reserve deposition in cotyledons and that they have partial functional redundancy. In contrast, AhNF-YB10 complemented almost all the defective phenotypes of lec1-2 in terms of embryonic morphology and hypocotyl length, while AhNF-YB1 had only a partial effect. In addition, 30%-40% of the seeds of the AhNF-YB1 transformants exhibited a decreasing germination ratio and longevity. Therefore, appropriate spatiotemporal expression of these genes is necessary for embryo morphogenesis at the early development stage and is responsible for seed maturation at the mid-late development stage. On the other hand, overexpression of AhNF-YB1or AhNF-YB10 at the middle to late stages of Arabidopsis seed development improved the weight, oil content, and fatty acid composition of the transgenic seeds. Moreover, the expression levels of several genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and embryogenesis were significantly greater in developing AhNF-YB10-overexpressing seeds than in control seeds. This study provides a theoretical basis for breeding oilseed crops with high yields and high oil content.
Variable-Order interval Type-II Fuzzy Fractional PID Controller for Load Frequency Control Optimized via Hybrid Optimization
Authors: Khaniki Mohammad Ali Labbaf , Tavakoli-Kakhki Mahsan , Teshnehlab Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The main goal of the Load Frequency Control (LFC) system is to reduce the deviation of frequency and stabilize the power system against disturbances. In this paper, a Variable-Order interval type-II Fuzzy Fractional PID (VOFFPID) controller with hybrid optimization is proposed for frequency control of multi-source two-area interconnected power system. Interval type-II Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) determines the coefficients of the Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller and the derivative and integral order online, to give a higher degree of freedom to the controller. This model includes hydro, thermal and gas generation in each area. To improve the performance of the system, the initial control parameters of the FOPID controller have been obtained using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). Moreover, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is used to optimize the consequent part of the fuzzy controller during control procedure. To verify the robustness of the proposed control system, the designed controller is applied in the presence of a wide range of disturbances, uncertainties and nonlinearity. The controller is capable of guaranteeing the integrity since when the controller of one area is dropped, the other controller can control the whole system.
Feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a robot-assisted finger proprioception therapy
Authors: Zbytniewska-Mégret Monika , Salzmann Christian , Sehle Aida , Ranzani Raffaele , Kanzler Christoph M. , Gassert Roger , Liepert Joachim , Lambercy Olivier 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Neurological injuries, such as stroke, often lead to motor and somatosensory impairments of the hand. Deficits in somatosensation, especially proprioception, result in difficulties performing activities of daily living involving fine motor tasks. As those impairments are challenging to accurately evaluate and monitor, therapies rarely focus on proprioception specifically, even though it has been shown that such training could promote functional benefits. In this work we propose and preliminarily evaluate the feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a robot-assisted therapy focused on finger proprioception.
Methods: We designed and implemented on an existing robotic platform (ETHMIKE) five therapeutic exercises, focusing on finger somatosensation, two targeting passive and three active position sense. The difficulty level of the therapy exercises was automatically adapted to each patient’s proprioceptive impairment, assessed using the same platform (i.e., assessment-driven therapy). Nine subacute stroke participants completed the robotic therapy for at least two weeks, 30 minutes per day, five times a week. Data was compared to a control group based on a previously collected dataset where subacute stroke participants received usual care and the same assessments.
Results: We found that the proposed exercises were feasible for stroke participants, as everyone managed to progress in difficulty levels. Moreover, the exercise performance averaged between 59% and 70% of maximum possible performance for the different exercises, indicating adequacy of the difficulty adaptation algorithm and a balance between motivation and challenge. Further, usability was rated as acceptable, as NASA Task Load Index (raw TLX), which provides an overall workload score, was mostly below 50%, except for mentaldemand. There was a significant improvement in proprioceptive error and in the Box and Block Test score from study inclusion to discharge for the intervention group, which was not the case for the control group.
Conclusions: This work demonstrated the first insights into feasibility, usability and effectiveness of a novel robot-assisted therapeutic approach. These encouraging results pave the way for further development and validation of therapy approaches focusing on somatosensory function.