bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum total tau, neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein are associated with mortality in a population study
Authors: Halloway Shannon , Evans Denis A. , Desai Pankaja , Dhana Klodian , Beck Todd , Rajan Kumar B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTotal tau (t‐tau), neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are neuronal cytoskeletal biomarkers that may indicate greater risk of poor outcomes in age‐related conditions, including mortality. Health disparities experienced by some racial minority subgroups may influence biomarker expression and effects on longevity. We aimed to examine (a) associations of serum t‐tau, NfL, and GFAP with overall and cardiovascular mortality and (b) differences in associations by racial background.MethodsData came from 1327 older participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP), a longitudinal population‐based study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine associations between concentrations of serum t‐tau, NfL, and GFAP biomarker(s) and mortality (overall/cardiovascular mortality based on age at death). Interaction terms were used to examine differences between African‐American and European‐American participants. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, the APOE‐ε4 allele, body mass index, chronic health conditions, and cognitive and physical functioning.ResultsModels showed that fivefold higher concentrations of t‐tau (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.68), NfL (HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.58), and GFAP (HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.90) were separately associated with increased risk of overall mortality, with higher risk in African Americans in t‐tau or NfL. In models with all biomarkers, NfL (HR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.65, 2.85) was associated with risk of overall mortality, with racial differences in t‐tau. Higher concentrations of t‐tau (HR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.70), NfL (HR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.72), and GFAP (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.98) were separately associated with risk of cardiovascular mortality, with racial differences in t‐tau, NfL, or GFAP. In combined models, NfL (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.78) was associated with cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionsSerum t‐tau, NfL, and GFAP may be early indicators for mortality outcomes among older adults, with racial differences among associations.
Neuronal NADPH oxidase is required for neurite regeneration of Aplysia bag cell neurons
Authors: Alam S. M. Sabbir , Watanabe Yuichiro , Steeno Brooke L. , Dutta Soumyajit , Szilagyi Halie A. , Wei Alexander , Suter Daniel M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNADPH oxidase (Nox), a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is involved in neurodegeneration after injury and disease. Nox is expressed in both neuronal and non‐neuronal cells and contributes to an elevated ROS level after injury. Contrary to the well‐known damaging effect of Nox‐derived ROS in neurodegeneration, recently a physiological role of Nox in nervous system development including neurogenesis, neuronal polarity, and axonal growth has been revealed. Here, we tested a role for neuronal Nox in neurite regeneration following mechanical transection in cultured Aplysia bag cell neurons. Using a novel hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐sensing dye, 5′‐(p‐borophenyl)‐2′‐pyridylthiazole pinacol ester (BPPT), we found that H2O2 levels are elevated in regenerating growth cones following injury. Redistribution of Nox2 and p40phox in the growth cone central domain suggests Nox2 activation after injury. Inhibiting Nox with the pan‐Nox inhibitor celastrol reduced neurite regeneration rate. Pharmacological inhibition of Nox is correlated with reduced activation of Src2 tyrosine kinase and F‐actin content in the growth cone. Taken together, these findings suggest that Nox‐derived ROS regulate neurite regeneration following injury through Src2‐mediated regulation of actin organization in Aplysia growth cones.image
Leptin prevents aberrant targeting of tau to hippocampal synapses via PI 3 kinase driven inhibition of GSK3β
Authors: Hamilton Kirsty , Morrow Kate , Markantoni Ermione , Harvey Jenni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmyloid‐β (Aβ) and hyper‐phosphorylated tau are key hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with an accumulation of both proteins linked to hippocampal synaptic dysfunction. Recent evidence indicates that Aβ drives mis‐localisation of tau from axons to synapses, resulting in AMPA receptor (AMPAR) internalisation and impaired excitatory synaptic function. These tau‐driven synaptic impairments are thought to underlie the cognitive deficits in AD. Consequently, limiting the synapto‐toxic effects of tau may prevent AD‐related cognitive deficits. Increasing evidence links leptin dysfunction with higher AD risk, and numerous studies have identified neuroprotective properties of leptin in AD models of Aβ‐induced toxicity. However, it is unclear if leptin protects against tau‐related synaptic dysfunction. Here we show that Aβ1‐42 significantly increases dendritic and synaptic levels of tau and p‐tau in hippocampal neurons, and these effects were blocked by leptin. In accordance with GSK‐3β being involved in tau phosphorylation, the protective effects of leptin involve PI 3‐kinase (PI3K) activation and inhibition of GSK‐3β. Aβ1‐42‐driven synaptic targeting of tau was associated with the removal of GluA1‐containing AMPARs from synapses, which was also inhibited by leptin‐driven inhibition of GSK‐3β. Direct application of oligomeric tau to hippocampal neurons caused internalisation of GluA1‐containing AMPARs and this effect was blocked by prior application of leptin. Similarly, leptin prevented the ability of tau to block induction of activity‐dependent long‐term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal SC‐CA1 synapses. These findings increase our understanding of the neuroprotective actions of leptin in the early pre‐clinical stages of AD and further validate the leptin system as a therapeutic target in AD.image
Consumption and Dignified Life: A Socio‐Historic Restatement
Authors: Brito Mauricio Casanova 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article provides an examination of the concept of consumption within the fields of sociology and economic historiography. Two theoretical approaches towards this phenomenon exist in the literature: the consumer society as a characteristic element of late capitalism in the 20th century and the society of consumption as a fundamental aspect in the historical origins of modern society between the 17th and 19th centuries. The article challenges one of the central premises of the first approach, which suggests that mass consumption contaminates a previously given society. Instead, I argue that the expansion of a consumer society during the early phase of capitalism created the conditions for the emergence of an emancipatory ideal of dignified life associated with a basic standard of consumption. This concept served as a historical precursor to the contemporary notion of absolute poverty.
Novel diversity within Roseofilum (Desertifilaceae, Cyanobacteria) from marine benthic mats with description of four new species
Authors: Wang Yi , Berthold David E. , Hu Jing , Lefler Forrest W. , Huang I‐Shuo , Laughinghouse H. Dail 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBenthic cyanobacterial mats (BCMs) are natural phenomena in marine environments. Reports of BCMs occurring across coastal marine environments have increased, partly driven by nutrient loading and climate change; thus, there is a need to understand the diversity involved in the proliferations and potential toxicity of the BCMs. Furthermore, marine cyanobacterial mats are observed growing on and affecting the health of corals with one specific cyanobacterial genus, Roseofilum, dominating the microbial mats associated with black band disease (BBD), a destructive polymicrobial disease that affects corals. To explore the diversity of Roseofilum, cyanobacterial mats from various marine habitats were sampled, and individual isolates were identified based on morphology, 16S rRNA gene phylogenies, 16S–23S ITS rRNA region sequence dissimilarities, and phylogenomics. Four novel species of Roseofilum were isolated from benthic marine mats, three from the coasts of Florida, United States (R. capinflatum sp. nov., R. casamattae sp. nov., and R. acuticapitatum sp. nov.) and one from the coast of France (R. halophilum sp. nov.). Our analyses revealed that Roseofilum associated with coral BBD and those not associated with corals but rather from coastal benthic mats are systematically distinct based on both phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and LC–MS data indicated that microcystin production was found in one of the four species.
Fuzapladib in a randomized controlled multicenter masked study in dogs with presumptive acute onset pancreatitis
Authors: Steiner Joerg M. , Lainesse Chantal , Noshiro Yuya , Domen Yumiko , Sedlacek Heather , Bienhoff Stephen E. , Doucette Kelly P. , Bledsoe David L. , Shikama Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, no specific treatment is available for acute onset pancreatitis (AP), and management relies on symptomatic and supportive standard of care (SOC). Fuzapladib is a novel leukocyte function‐associated antigen type‐1 (LFA‐1) activation inhibitor, blocking activation and subsequent adhesion and migration of neutrophils, potentially decreasing the risk of pancreatitis progression and systemic inflammation.ObjectiveEvaluate the safety and clinical response of dogs with AP after 3 days of administration of fuzapladib.AnimalsSixty‐one client‐owned dogs with presumptive AP.MethodsRandomized, masked, and placebo controlled multicenter study. Sixty‐one dogs with AP were included for safety assessment, whereas 35 evaluable cases (fuzapladib, n = 16; placebo, n = 19) were included for clinical evaluation. Clinical improvement was assessed based on the change in the modified clinical activity index (MCAI) score on Day 3 compared to Day 0. Secondary variables included canine acute pancreatitis clinical severity index (CAPCSI) scores and serum concentrations of canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, cytokines, and C‐reactive protein.ResultsFuzapladib was well tolerated by all treated dogs. Mean change in MCAI scores was significantly higher in the fuzapladib‐treated (−7.75) than the placebo group (−5.68; P = .02, 95% confidence interval [CI] for the difference, −4.33, −0.35), suggesting clinical improvement in fuzapladib‐treated dogs. No significant difference was found in any of the secondary variables between groups.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceAdministration of fuzapladib to dogs was safe, and a favorable response was detected in 2 clinical activity scores. Effects of fuzapladib on survival and duration of hospitalization were not studied.
Influence of predator suppression and prey availability on carnivore occurrence in western Himalaya
Authors: Patel J. , Sharma M. , Khanyari M. , Bijoor A. , Mishra C. , Harihar A. , Suryawanshi K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpecies assemblages are influenced by trophic and intraguild interactions, which may be competitive, facilitative, or neutral. These interactions vary in relative importance depending on resource availability. We assessed the nature of interactions among six carnivore species (Ursus arctos, Panthera uncia, Vulpes vulpes, Mustela altaica, and Martes foina) and their prey (Capra sibirica, Pseudois nayaur, Hemitragus jemlahicus, Moschus leucogaster, Ochotona sp., and Rodentia sp.) by examining their spatial–temporal overlaps using camera‐trap data gathered between 2016 and 2019 from the resource‐limited landscapes of the high Himalayas. We examined fine scale pairwise spatial interaction using multi‐species occupancy method and temporal overlap using time activity kernel densities function. Carnivore species showed relatively high spatio‐temporal overlap. We found spatial avoidance between two pairs and temporal avoidance between four out of 15 pairs. Contrary to our expectation that carnivore species would segregate due to competition in a resource‐poor environment, our results showed that they generally showed significant co‐occurrence and appeared to track their prey's activity. Our findings highlight the potentially overriding role of prey availability in influencing carnivore species occurrence in resource‐poor landscapes.
The Role of Modality in L2 Learning: The Importance of Learners Acquiring a Second Sign Language (M2L2 and M1L2 Learners)
Authors: Pichler Deborah Chen , Koulidobrova Elena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSecond language acquisition (SLA) research offers valuable insight on how languages are learned and how they coexist and influence each other. Sign language learners offer unique perspectives on SLA, allowing researchers to test theories that are otherwise constrained by access to only one modality. Current literature on sign language learning focuses primarily on bimodal bilinguals, mostly hearing adults learning their first sign language (M2L2 learners). However, other groups of L2 signers exist, including deaf learners who have previously acquired a sign language and are learning a new one (M1L2 learners). M1L2 acquisition offers unique insights into complex interactions including multilingualism, modality, and timing of acquisition. We argue that M1L2 signers are a key comparison group for investigations of various L2 and so‐called modality effects and also represent a crucial test case for re‐examining the traditional constructs of “native speaker/signer” and the effects of initial language delay or deprivation on subsequent language acquisition.
Technologies of care and the engineering imaginary: Two approaches to assistive device design for the Global South
Authors: Sigounas Vaia Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAssistive devices serve as vectors for the ideals, judgments, and goals that their society of origin has towards people with disabilities. For some Ugandan inventors and prosthetists, familiarity with sociocultural norms and consistent feedback allow them to design prosthetic limbs as technologies of care that specifically meet the needs of Ugandans using these devices. In contrast, many biomedical engineers living in the United States rely on what I call the “engineering imaginary” to produce universalized forms of assistive technology intended for people living in an essentialized Global South. Drawing on research with engineers, prosthetists, and people living with limb loss in Uganda and the United States, I investigate the social and cultural aspects of prosthetic limb design and argue that there is a cross‐cultural mismatch about what a prosthetic device does and what kinds of limbs it should fit. This mismatch becomes inscribed in the prosthetic device itself.
RNase III participates in control of quorum sensing, pigmentation and oxidative stress resistance in Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Authors: Börner Janek , Friedrich Tobias , Klug Gabriele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRNase III is a dsRNA‐specific endoribonuclease, highly conserved in bacteria and eukarya. In this study, we analysed the effects of inactivation of RNase III on the transcriptome and the phenotype of the facultative phototrophic α‐proteobacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. RNA‐seq revealed an unexpectedly high amount of genes with increased expression located directly downstream to the rRNA operons. Chromosomal insertion of additional transcription terminators restored wild type‐like expression of the downstream genes, indicating that RNase III may modulate the rRNA transcription termination in R. sphaeroides. Furthermore, we identified RNase III as a major regulator of quorum‐sensing autoinducer synthesis in R. sphaeroides. It negatively controls the expression of the autoinducer synthase CerI by reducing cerI mRNA stability. In addition, RNase III inactivation caused altered resistance against oxidative stress and impaired formation of photosynthetically active pigment‐protein complexes. We also observed an increase in the CcsR small RNAs that were previously shown to promote resistance to oxidative stress. Taken together, our data present interesting insights into RNase III‐mediated regulation and expand the knowledge on the function of this important enzyme in bacteria.
Metabolic variations in root tissues and rhizosphere soils of weak host plants potently lead to distinct host status and chemotaxis regulation of Meloidogyne incognita in intercropping
Authors: Zhang Xu , Song Mengyuan , Gao Lihong , Tian Yongqiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRoot‐knot nematodes (RKNs) inflict extensive damage to global agricultural production. Intercropping has been identified as a viable agricultural tool for combating RKNs, but the mechanisms by which intercropped plants modulate RKN parasitism are still not well understood. Here, we focus on the cucumber–amaranth intercropping system. We used a range of approaches, including the attraction assay, in vitro RNA interference (RNAi), untargeted metabolomics, and hairy root transformation, to unveil the mechanisms by which weak host plants regulate Meloidogyne incognita chemotaxis towards host plants and control infection. Amaranth roots showed a direct repellence to M. incognita through disrupting its chemotaxis. The in vitro RNAi assay demonstrated that the Mi‐flp‐1 and Mi‐flp‐18 genes (encoding FMRFamide‐like peptides) regulated M. incognita chemotaxis towards cucumber and controlled infection. Moreover, M. incognita infection stimulated cucumber and amaranth to accumulate distinct metabolites in both root tissues and rhizosphere soils. In particular, naringenin and salicin, enriched specifically in amaranth rhizosphere soils, inhibited the expression of Mi‐flp‐1 and Mi‐flp‐18. In addition, overexpression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and phloretin, both of which were enriched specifically in amaranth root tissues, delayed M. incognita development in cucumber hairy roots. Together, our results reveal that both the distinct host status and disruption of chemotaxis contribute to M. incognita inhibition in intercropping.
Meloidogyne enterolobiiMeMSP1 effector targets the glutathione‐S‐transferase phi GSTF family in Arabidopsis to manipulate host metabolism and promote nematode parasitism
Authors: Chen Yongpan , Liu Qian , Sun Xuqian , Liu Lei , Zhao Jianlong , Yang Shanshan , Wang Xiangfeng , Quentin Michaël , Abad Pierre , Favery Bruno , Jian Heng 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Meloidogyne enterolobii is an emerging root‐knot nematode species that overcomes most of the nematode resistance genes in crops. Nematode effector proteins secreted in planta are key elements in the molecular dialogue of parasitism. Here, we show the MeMSP1 effector is secreted into giant cells and promotes M. enterolobii parasitism.
Using co‐immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescent complementation assays, we identified glutathione‐S‐transferase phi GSTFs as host targets of the MeMSP1 effector. This protein family plays important roles in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. We demonstrate that MeMSP1 interacts with all Arabidopsis GSTF. Moreover, we confirmed that the N‐terminal region of AtGSTF9 is critical for its interaction, and atgstf9 mutant lines are more susceptible to root‐knot nematode infection.
Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that MeMSP1 affects the metabolic pathways of Arabidopsis thaliana, resulting in the accumulation of amino acids, nucleic acids, and their metabolites, and organic acids and the downregulation of flavonoids.
Our study has shed light on a novel effector mechanism that targets plant metabolism, reducing the production of plant defence‐related compounds while favouring the accumulation of metabolites beneficial to the nematode, and thereby promoting parasitism.
Apply Anticoagulants after Discharge not Benefit to the Incidence of Symptomatic Thrombus in High‐Altitude Areas: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Dang Xiangji , Liu Zhilong , Sheng Xiaoyun , Liu Yan 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveMany guidelines indicate that continuous use of anticoagulant drugs reduces the incidence of venous thrombus (VT), but no studies show the effect on the incidence of symptomatic venous thrombus (SVT) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients after discharge. This study aimed to investigate whether it is necessary to apply anticoagulants to TKA patients after discharge.MethodsPatients who met the exclusion criteria requirement, underwent TKA by the same surgical team and received anticoagulant therapy after the operation were eligible for the study. Finally, a total of 567 TKA patients were recruited as participants. The patients were divided into two groups. The patients in group A were taken low molecular heparin for 5–10 days after surgery, which included but was not limited to low molecular weight heparin calcium injection (0.4 mL, ih, Qd), calcium dioxin injection (0.6 mL, ih, Qd), or enoxaparin sodium injection (0.4 mL, ih, Qd), and the patients needed to continue oral anticoagulant drug (10 mg, po, Qd) for 7–21 days after discharge. The patients in group B only took low molecular heparin 5–10 days after surgery and no treatment after discharge. The baseline characteristics of patients, total complications of SVT include lower limb vascular pain (LLVP), lower limb vascular pain no fester (LLVPNF), lower limbs swelling (LLS), lower limb fester (LLF), and death by thrombosis (DT), bleeding and mortality following discharged were compared between two groups.ResultsThe study showed that the incidence of SVT patients had no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.489). Moreover, the incidence of LLVP (p = 0.265), LLS (p = 0.84), LLVPNF (p = 0.213), LLF (p = 0.907), DT (p = 0.907), death from other causes, and bleeding (p = 0.323) had no significant differences between the two groups. However, the incidence of SVT in patients with smoking (p = 0.0001 or 0.0011) or drinking (p = 0.0002 or 0.0001) was significantly increased.ConclusionThere is not enough evidence showing that the TKA patients given anticoagulants after discharge had benefits in decreasing the risk of SVT. Furthermore, smoking and drinking would significantly increase the risk of SVT in TKA patients.
Pulsed radiofrequency or surgery for anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome: Long‐term results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Have Tom ten , Geffen Sem T. van , Zwaans Willem A. R. , Maatman Robbert C. , Boelens Oliver B. A. , Steegers Monique A. H. , Scheltinga Marc R. M. , Roumen Rudi M. H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposePatients with anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) often require a step‐up treatment strategy including abdominal wall injections, pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) or a neurectomy. Long‐term success rates of PRF and surgery are largely unknown. The aim of the current study was to report on the long‐term efficacy of PRF and neurectomy in ACNES patients who earlier participated in the randomized controlled PULSE trial.MethodsPatients who completed the PULSE trial were contacted about pain status and additional treatments in the following years. Treatment success was based on numerical rating scale (NRS) following IMMPACT recommendations and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scores.ResultsA total of 44 of the original 60 patients were eligible for analysis (73.3%). Median follow‐up was 71.5 months. One patient (4.3%) was still free of pain after a single PRF session, and five additional patients (21.7%) were free of pain by repetitive PRF treatments. By contrast, 13 patients (61.9%) in the neurectomy group were still free of pain without additional treatments. All pain recurrences and therefore primary re‐interventions occurred in the first 2 years after the initial treatment.ConclusionApproximately one in five ACNES patients undergoing PRF treatment reports long‐term success obviating the need of surgical intervention. Surgery for ACNES is long‐term effective in approximately two of three operated patients. Recurrent ACNES beyond 2 years after either intervention is rare.