bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiles of Protective Factors among Children and Adolescents in the Child Welfare System
Authors: Navarro-Pérez José- Javier , Tomás Jose M. , Georgieva Sylvia , Mollá Adrián García- 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProtective factors have been established as moderators in the association among adverse experiences and future outcomes as suicidality in adulthood, performing child-to-parent violence or exhibiting trauma-related responses, therefore establishing the need to explore protective factors and their characteristics. The aim of this study is to identify profiles among protective factors in children and adolescents at risk, and to relate these profiles to several sociodemographic variables such as age, gender, country of origin (native as opposed to immigrant) and the type of family structure (being a single parent family or a bi-parent family). Data was collected from professionals involved in the Children Protective Services (CPS). Sample was composed by 635 children and adolescents involved in the CPS. Protective factors were assessed by the Adolescents and Children Risk of Abuse and Maltreatment Protective Factors Scale (ACRAM-PFS). A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was estimated. Six profiles were retained. Membership to these profiles was associated to gender, age, family structure and country of origin. Country of origin showed significant association to several profiles. Information provided in this study is novel and can help to improve quality of interventions from an ecological perspective.
New FeVTaO6 compound—synthesis, structure and selected properties
Authors: Filipek Elżbieta , Piz Mateusz , Dąbrowska Grażyna , Dulian Piotr , Karolus Małgorzata , Zubko Maciej 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA new ceramic compound of the chemical formula FeVTaO6 was obtained in polycrystalline form, as a result of a high-temperature reaction between Fe2O3, Ta2O5 and VO2 mixed at the molar ratio 1:1:2 as well as in the reaction of equimolar mixture of FeTaO4 with VO2. The synthesis of this new compound has also been carried out by mechanochemical method realized by high-energy ball milling of some mixture of reactants. FeVTaO6, in both cases, was obtained under an atmosphere of deoxygenated argon. The new compound was characterized by XRD, DTA-TG, IR, SEM/EDX, TEM, XRF and UV–vis-DRS methods. Using X-ray powder diffraction, the lattice parameters of the unit cell and the parameters of the positioning of atoms (Rietveld analysis) were determined, and grain sizes were obtained on the basis of diffraction line broadening. The results showed that FeVTaO6 crystallizes in the tetragonal system with rutile-type structure. As shown in the DTA results, regardless of the synthesis method, FeVTaO6 is stable in argon atmosphere up to ~ 1225 °C and in air up to ~ 925 °C. Based on the UV–Vis-DR spectra, it was also established that the obtained compound is a semiconductor. The energy gap value determined for the compound obtained by the solid-state method is Eg ~ 1.75 eV, and for the compound obtained by the mechanochemical method Eg ~ 2.10 eV.
Graphical abstract
A promising approach to scaling up professional development: intelligent, interactive, virtual professional development with just-in-time feedback
Authors: Copur-Gencturk Yasemin , Orrill Chandra Hawley 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe scalability and accessibility of quality professional development (PD) is an ongoing concern in the teacher education community, yet little research has been conducted on potential solutions. We aimed to address this gap by developing an interactive, virtual PD program that uses intelligent tutoring systems and provides instant feedback to teachers. We then explored the role of this program in developing teachers’ content and pedagogical content knowledge of mathematics. We collected data from 60 teachers located across the USA and found that those who completed the program increased their content and pedagogical content knowledge.
A Novel Biallelic LCK Variant Resulting in Profound T-Cell Immune Deficiency and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lanz Anna-Lisa , Erdem Serife , Ozcan Alper , Ceylaner Gulay , Cansever Murat , Ceylaner Serdar , Conca Raffaele , Magg Thomas , Acuto Oreste , Latour Sylvain , Klein Christoph , Patiroglu Turkan , Unal Ekrem , Eken Ahmet , Hauck Fabian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) is an SRC-family kinase critical for initiation and propagation of T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling through phosphorylation of TCR-associated CD3 chains and recruited downstream molecules. Until now, only one case of profound T-cell immune deficiency with complete LCK deficiency [1] caused by a biallelic missense mutation (c.1022T>C, p.L341P) and three cases of incomplete LCK deficiency [2] caused by a biallelic splice site mutation (c.188-2A>G) have been described. Additionally, deregulated LCK expression has been associated with genetically undefined immune deficiencies and hematological malignancies. Here, we describe the second case of complete LCK deficiency in a 6-month-old girl born to consanguineous parents presenting with profound T-cell immune deficiency. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a novel pathogenic biallelic missense mutation in LCK (c.1393T>C, p.C465R), which led to the absence of LCK protein expression and phosphorylation, and a consecutive decrease in proximal TCR signaling. Loss of conventional CD4+ and CD8+ αβT-cells and homeostatic T-cell expansion was accompanied by increased γδT-cell and Treg percentages. Surface CD4 and CD8 co-receptor expression was reduced in the patient T-cells, while the heterozygous mother had impaired CD4 and CD8 surface expression to a lesser extent. We conclude that complete LCK deficiency is characterized by profound T-cell immune deficiency, reduced CD4 and CD8 surface expression, and a characteristic TCR signaling disorder. CD4 and CD8 surface expression may be of value for early detection of mono- and/or biallelic LCK deficiency.
‘I Can Tell You It’s a Bit of a Gamble’: A Qualitative Analysis of How People Who Engage in Gaming and Gambling Understand a Link Between These Two Behaviours
Authors: Wieczorek Łukasz , Bujalski M. , Dąbrowska K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article explores the attention given to potential motives and determinants of the transition process from video games to gambling. Forty individual interviews were conducted among active video game players (n = 20), and people diagnosed with a gambling disorder who had the experience of playing video games (n = 20). A qualitative thematic analysis was employed to explore the collected empirical data. The range of factors considered responsible for the transition from playing video games to gambling included experiencing similar emotional states, the presence of gambling in video games, advertising of gambling companies in video games, loot boxes. The awareness of factors associated with the development of gambling disorders among video game players has an important role in informing prevention policies in the rapidly changing video gaming and gambling market. Decision-makers should introduce effective regulation of the use of gambling components in video games to protect gamers against the gambling-related harm.
Religious Identity and its Relation to Health-Related Quality of Life and COVID-Related Stress of Refugee Children and Adolescents in Germany
Authors: Schmees P. , Braig J. , Kilinc Y. , Nilles H. , EL-Awad U. , Kerkhoff D. , Demir Z. , Rueth J.-E. , Lohaus A. , Eschenbeck H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch shows that religious identity is associated with health. The aim of this study was to understand the role of religious identity for refugee minors’ health in greater detail. Middle Eastern refugee minors resettled in Germany and aged 8–18 years completed questionnaires at baseline (T1, n = 246) and follow-up (T2, n = 122) measurement between 2019 and 2022. Religious identity was assessed with a 4-item measure (Cronbach’s α = .89). Associations of religious identity at T1 with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at T1, change in HRQoL from T1 to T2, and perceived COVID-related stress at T2, as well as the mediating role of resources were examined. The results showed a positive association between religious identity and HRQoL, which was partially mediated by integration into peer group, but not by ethnic identity, sense of coherence or religious practice. No significant associations between religious identity and change in HRQoL or COVID-related stress occurred. Therefore, cross-sectional analyses support the beneficial role of religious identity for HRQoL and the crucial mediating role of integration into peer group, suggesting the promotion of religious identity or peer group integration. However, the absence of significant effects on change in HRQoL from T1 to T2 and COVID-related stress at T2 do not allow drawing any long-term conclusions.
Probing Evolution of the Flux-Pinning Landscape in REBCO Coated Conductors Caused by Gamma Irradiation Using DC and AC Magnetometry: A Novel Approach to Tokamak Magnet Material Development
Authors: Campbell Holly Jane , Zhang Yifei , Fukushima Toru 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOptimisation of REBCO coated conductor tapes specifically for use in nuclear fusion will help improve the magnet component lifetimes in future tokamak reactor power plants. The focus of this work was exploration of a novel approach to irradiation studies on REBCO tapes, utilising multiple magnetic measurements to probe evolution of the REBCO flux-pinning landscape more deeply than reported in other studies, for the purpose of identifying primary limiting factors affecting performance. Gamma irradiation experiments were conducted, and pre-/post-irradiation results from DC and AC magnetic measurements using a Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) are discussed. Magnetisation critical current density (Jc) decreased in all samples with increasing dose, except for the silver overlayer-only samples which did not contain artificial pinning centres (APCs), where Jc increased with dose. Removal of the copper stabiliser coupled with the presence of APCs allowed gamma irradiation to induce pinning force maximum peak shifts, from above 14 T before irradiation to below 9 T afterwards. Flux creep rate varied with the evolving pinning landscape, and the degree of Jc degradation directly correlated with creep rate fluctuations post-irradiation. Changes in critical temperature and diamagnetic saturation also corresponded with changes in Jc and flux creep rate. The major conclusion from this study was that minimisation of flux creep rate is the key to maintenance of performance under fusion-relevant operating conditions. Flux creep manifests as problematic AC losses in all high-temperature superconducting machines; therefore, future work will focus on reduction/prevention of the phenomenon to enhance longevity of performance in any application.
Online semi-supervised learning of composite event rules by combining structure and mass-based predicate similarity
Authors: Michelioudakis Evangelos , Artikis Alexander , Paliouras Georgios 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSymbolic event recognition systems detect event occurrences using first-order logic rules. Although existing online structure learning approaches ease the discovery of such rules in noisy data streams, they assume the existence of fully labelled training data. Splice is a recent online graph-based approach that estimates the labels of unlabelled data and makes it possible to learn such rules from semi-supervised training sequences of logical interpretations. However, Splice labelling depends significantly on the metric used to compute the distances of unlabelled examples to their labelled counterparts. Moreover, there is no guarantee about the quality of the labelling found in the local graphs that are built as the data stream in. In this paper, we propose a new online learning method, which includes an enhanced hybrid measure that combines an optimised structural distance, and a data-driven one. The former is guided by feature selection targeted to kNN classification, while the latter is a mass-based dissimilarity. Additionally, the enhanced Splice method, improves the graph construction process, by storing a synopsis of the past, in order to achieve more informed labelling on the local graphs. We evaluate our approach by learning Event Calculus theories for the tasks of human activity recognition, maritime monitoring, and fleet management. The evaluation suggests that our approach outperforms its predecessor, in terms of inferring the missing labels and improving the predictive accuracy of the underlying structure learning system.
Learning to spend time in unusual times: An inquiry into the potential for sustainability learning during COVID-19-induced school closures
Authors: Grauer Claire , Frank Pascal , Fischer Daniel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhile current research on school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic is predominantly concerned with learning deficits, the exploratory study presented here focuses on the previously neglected question of young people’s concrete learning experiences during this disruptive period, with a focus on how they used their time and how this relates to their individual needs. The authors interviewed German secondary school students via Zoom and used a grounded theory approach and a transformative learning theory framework to derive recommendations for environmental and sustainability education (ESE). Their findings highlight two important insights: first, that the predominant focus on academic learning loss obscures a more comprehensive understanding of students’ learning experiences; and second, that real-world experiments such as the involuntary school closures during the pandemic may hold the potential to start meaningful, transformative learning processes and experimentation with new strategies for needs satisfaction.
Uberizing Agriculture in Drylands: A Few Enriched, Everyone Endangered
Authors: Martínez-Valderrama Jaime , Gartzia Rolando , Olcina Jorge , Guirado Emilio , Ibáñez Javier , Maestre Fernando T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe future of water resources relies heavily on food production. Large-scale agriculture, driven by irrigation technology and cost reduction, has transformed traditional dryland croplands into a very profitable but environmentally and socially impactful agribusiness. The study of groundwater-dependent food systems is fragmented. Hydrology, on one hand, concentrates on water resources while overlooking surface agricultural processes. Meanwhile, the agro-economic sector is fixated on optimizing resource utilization for short-term profit maximization. Consequently, numerous adverse environmental and social consequences are overlooked by these conventional approaches. To steer resource usage and our food systems in a new direction, prioritizing the integration of this collective knowledge is imperative. Here, we analyze the impacts of greenhouse agriculture in SE Spain, one of the global hotspots of fruit and vegetable production. Through the lens of the treadmill of production theory we uncover the model’s significant profitability and its environmental and social effects, which include unequal wealth distribution, precarious working conditions, and the depletion and pollution of belowground water reserves. Reducing water use and limiting the development of new irrigated areas, using crop species adapted to available water resources, and empowering farmers against large distributors are key measures to avoid the social and economic collapse of this region, and of other dryland areas that have followed a similar unsustainable development model. The need for these changes becomes more pressing as the impacts of climate change continue to escalate. Within this context, groundwater reserves represent vital strategic resources that must not be wasted.
Experimental Determination of Phase Equilibria in the Mn-Zn Binary System
Authors: Imatomi Daisuke , Ishikawa Ryosuke , Nakata Akira , Ito Tatsuya , Han Kwangsik , Nagasako Makoto , Xu Xiao , Omori Toshihiro , Kainuma Ryosuke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhase equilibria in the Mn-Zn binary system were experimentally determined by chemical composition examination, crystal structure determination, and thermal analysis. Major changes were detected for the β, ε, and δ phases. The β-B2 single-phase region could not be confirmed in the studied system because a disordered body-centered cubic structure, which is identical to the δMn phase, was confirmed in a quenched sample from the previously proposed region of β phase. The ε phase has been controversial whether the phase is separated into ε, ε1, and ε2 phases or not. By studying a diffusion couple and several alloy compositions, it was established that the ε, ε1, and ε2 phases are not separate and comprise a single ε phase. Furthermore, the δ phase is not present in the Zn-rich region of the system because the corresponding invariant reactions were not detected via thermal analysis.
The effect of semaglutide on blood pressure in patients with type-2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Wei , Tong Huo-mu , Li Yun-sheng , Cui Jia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) lowering ability of semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), in individuals with type-2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing subcutaneous or oral semaglutide with placebo or other antihyperglycemic agents (AHAs) in T2D patients were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library. These screened studies included the outcomes of interest: systolic and/or diastolic BP. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were used to present the meta-analysis results. Pooled and sensitivity analyses were performed, and the risk of bias was evaluated.

Results
Twenty-nine RCTs with a total of 26985 participants were recruited in the final analysis. The WMD in change from baseline in systolic BP (SBP) of semaglutide versus placebo or other AHAs was −2.31 mmHg (95% CI: −3.11 to −1.51), while that for diastolic BP (DBP) was 0.09 mmHg (95% CI: −0.16 to 0.33). It also reduced glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by 0.75% (95% CI: −0.92 to −0.58) and body weight loss by 2.80 kg (95% CI: −3.51 to −2.08). The reduction in SBP was similar for subcutaneous and oral administration of semaglutide, with −2.36 (95% CI: −3.38 to −1.35) and −2.50 (95% CI: −3.48 to −1.53), respectively.

Conclusions
In T2D, SBP decreased significantly in the semaglutide group compared with placebo or other active controls. According to the efficacy results from this meta-analysis, subcutaneous and oral semaglutide have similar SBP-reducing effects. Therefore, the treatment of T2D patients with subcutaneous semaglutide or oral preparations is beneficial for reducing SBP.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the growth and susceptibility of facultatively anaerobic bacteria and bacteria with oxidative metabolism to selected antibiotics
Authors: Chmelař Dittmar , Rozložník Miroslav , Hájek Michal , Pospíšilová Nikol , Kuzma Jozef 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWild strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis were tested in an experimental hyperbaric chamber to determine the possible effect of hyperbaric oxygen on the susceptibility of these strains to the antibiotics ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefoxitin, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim, colistin, oxolinic acid, ofloxacin, tetracycline, and aztreonam during their cultivation at 23 °C and 36.5 °C. Ninety-six-well inoculated microplates with tested antibiotics in Mueller–Hinton broth were cultured under standard incubator conditions (normobaric normoxia) for 24 h or in an experimental hyperbaric chamber (HAUX, Germany) for 24 h at 2.8 ATA of 100% oxygen (hyperbaric hyperoxia). The hyperbaric chamber was pressurised with pure oxygen (100%). Both cultures (normoxic and hyperoxic) were carried out at 23 °C and 36.5 °C to study the possible effect of the cultivation temperature. No significant differences were observed between 23 and 36.5 °C cultivation with or without the 2-h lag phase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis. Cultivation in a hyperbaric chamber at 23 °C and 36.5 °C with or without a 2-h lag phase did not produce significant changes in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis. For the tested strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the possible effect of hyperbaric oxygen on their antibiotic sensitivity could not be detected because the growth of these bacteria was completely inhibited by 100% hyperbaric oxygen at 2.8 ATA under all hyperbaric conditions tested at 23 °C and 36.5 °C. Subsequent tests with wild strains of pseudomonads, burkholderias, and stenotrophomonads not only confirmed the fact that these bacteria stop growing under hyperbaric conditions at a pressure of 2.8 ATA of 100% oxygen but also indicated that inhibition of growth of these bacteria under hyperbaric conditions is reversible.
Wie kann videogestütztes Lernen die Erwartungen Studierender und Dozierender erfüllen?
Authors: Freier Carolin , Bocklet Tobias , Helten Anne-Kathrin , Hoffmann Franziska , Hunger Marianne , Kovács László , Richter Florian , Riedhammer Korbinian , Schmohl Tobias , Simon Claudia 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungIm BMBF-Verbundprojekt HAnS entwickeln und implementieren neun Hochschulen sowie drei hochschulübergreifende Einrichtungen ein intelligentes Hochschul-Assistenz-System als Open-Source-Lösung. Videobasierte Lehrmaterialien werden verschriftlicht und durch eine Indexierung Stichwortsuchen ermöglicht; geplant ist, über einen KI-Tutor automatisiert Übungsaufgaben zu generieren. Studierende sollen so in ihrem Selbststudium digital unterstützt werden. Die technische Entwicklung wird interdisziplinär – auch sozialwissenschaftlich und pädagogisch – begleitet und in einem iterativen Vorgehen evidenzbasiert entsprechend Design-Based-Research angepasst. Wissen und Wertesystem der Anwender*innen, Didaktik, Ethik, Akzeptanz und Datenschutz werden dabei im Entwicklungsprozess einbezogen.
A retrospective electronic medical record-based study of insulin usage and outcomes in insulin-naive Indian adults with T2DM: The REALITY study
Authors: Chawla M. , Makkar B. M. , Modi K. D. , Phatak S. , Waghdhare S. , Satpathy A. , Gadekar A. , Chodankar D. , Trivedi C. , Prasanna Kumar K. M. , Mohan V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
This retrospective longitudinal study analyzed the demographic profile, insulin usage pattern, and outcomes of insulin-naive adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who initiated insulin glargine.

Methods
The study included 1006 insulin naive T2DM individuals aged ≥ 18 years, treated with any insulin type between January 2016 and December 2018, using electronic medical records.

Results
Majority of participants were men (55.8%) with a mean age of 59.8 ± 11.9 years and average T2DM duration of 12.0 ± 6.6 years. Insulin glargine was the most commonly used insulin (66.9%), followed by insulin aspart (16.4%), insulin degludec (15.1%), human insulin (11.1%), and insulin isophane (9.2%). At baseline, the mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 8.9 ± 1.9%, mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was 190 ± 59 mg/dL, and mean post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG) was 264 ± 78 mg/dL. In the insulin glargine group, baseline HbA1c was 9.0 ± 1.7%, FPG was 196 ± 62 mg/dL, and PPG was 283 ± 81 mg/dL. Throughout the study, there was an improvement in HbA1c, FPG, and PPG levels in the insulin glargine group. Body weight remained relatively stable, and the number of hypoglycemic events was minimal and non-life-threatening.

Conclusion
The REALITY study in India demonstrated that initiating basal insulin treatment in insulin-naive individuals with T2DM led to improved glycemic parameters over a 12-month period.