bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Spectrum Sensing using Multiplex Relay Coded Protocol with Full Duplex and Half Duplex in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: JONES J DAPHNEY JOANN , MUNISAMY M.BALASUBRAMANIAN 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In a Cognitive radio network (CRN) the priority of radio frequency spectrum is assigned between Primary User (PU) and Secondary User (SU) to improve the competence of spectrum usage. Secondary users are meant to share the vacant frequency spectrum of the primary user. Due to the high computational complexity involved in regulating the best possible secondary users through spectrum sensing, we propose a “Multiplex Relay Coded “Protocol to concurrently sense and acquire the available spectrum. The MRC protocol makes use of both Full-Duplex (FD) and Half-Duplex (HD) techniques for dynamic spectrum sharing. A cooperative full-duplex/half-duplex communication switching Scheduling based on threshold and power allotment is examined to maximize the spectrum allocation of cognitive radio networks. The full-duplex improves spectrum usage but suffers from self-interference and half-duplex is preferred when there is a congested network to overcome collision. Simulation results show the sensing detection by analyzing the Probability of Detection with Probability of False Alarm, the spectrum usage between Primary User and Secondary User thus improving spectrum efficiency.
Leveraging Machine Learning for Predicting Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease Grades in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for T-cell Prolymphocytic Leukaemia
Authors: Chandra Gunjan , Wang Junfeng , Siirtola Pekka , Röning Juha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Orphan diseases, exemplified by T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, present inherent challenges due to limited data availability and complexities in effective care. This study delves into harnessing the potential of machine learning to enhance care strategies for orphan diseases, specifically focusing on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. The investigation evaluates how varying numbers of variables impact model performance, considering the rarity of the disease. Utilizing data from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, the study scrutinizes outcomes following allo-HCT for T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Diverse machine learning models were developed to forecast acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) occurrence and its distinct grades post-allo-HCT. Assessment of model performance relied on balanced accuracy, F1 score, and ROC AUC metrics. The findings highlight the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier achieving the highest testing balanced accuracy of 0.58 in predicting aGvHD. However, challenges arose in its performance during multi-class classification tasks. While affirming the potential of machine learning in enhancing care for orphan diseases, the study underscores the impact of limited data and disease rarity on model performance.
New Solution Method for Solving Volterra Integral Equation Using Bernstein Polynomials
Authors: Zarnan Jumah Aswad , Hameed Wafaa Mustafa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Linear and nonlinear differential equations extensively used mathematical models for many interesting and important phenomena observed in numerous areas of science and technology. They are inspired by problems in diverse fields such as economics, biology, fluid dynamics, physics, differential geometry, engineering, control theory, materials science, and quantum mechanics. This special issue aims to highlight recent developments in methods and applications of linear and nonlinear differential equations. In addition, there are papers analyzing equations that arise in engineering, classical and fluid mechanics, and finance. In this paper a novel technique implementing Bernstein polynomials is introduced for the numerical solution of a Volterra integral equation. The obtained solutions are novel, and previous literature lacks such derivations. For this aim, we derive a simple and efficient matrix formulation using Bernstein polynomials as trial functions. Numerical examples are considered to verify the effectiveness of the proposed derivations and numerical solutions are compared with the existing methods available in the literature. The Volterra integral equation can be used to describe the capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor (PPC) in the electrostatic field. It is shown that the numerical results are excellent. The efficiency of the proposed numerical technique is exhibited through graphical illustrations and results drafted in tabular form for specific values of the parameters to validate the numerical investigation.
A Prediction Model for Air Pollution using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kumar Lokesh Kumar Lokesh , Kumar Gaurav Kumar Dr. Gaurav 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Over the past few decades, air pollution and preventive measures have proven scientifically challenging and the issue is still unending on a worldwide scale. The number of contaminants in the air is increasing daily as a result of the expanding population and the settling of more people in metropolitan regions. They have an impact on people's respiratory and cardiovascular systems, which raises the population's risk of disease and increases mortality. To better enhance public health, several attempts have been made by governmental organizations to comprehend and forecast the Air Quality Index. Without a doubt, the most crucial stage in prediction is the creation of a predictive model of the air quality, which will aid in environmental management and raise public awareness. The most important component of tracking air pollution is air quality prediction. Many methods will be useful in developing an effective model for pollution prediction. It is evident that the best approach for prediction is to use an artificial neural network. Therefore, this study was conducted by gathering data on air pollutants for the U.P. state city of MEERUT and creating an optimum model for the forecast of air quality.
Image Denoising by Linear Regression on Non-Local Means Algorithm
Authors: Direk Tugay 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Non-Local Means (NL-Means) algorithm which removes the noise from the image have been used in the field widely due to its good performance especially for MR images. Its main idea is using all the pixels which are local and non-local in an image and taking weighted averaging of all values. One negative side of this method is that it considers all pixels in the image without looking at their similarity. This paper proposes a NL-Means algorithm with pixel selection by applying linear regression analysis using root mean squared error (RMSE) value. After regression analysis, RMSE of the neighborhoods is used to exclude non-similar pixels during noise removal. Lastly, obtained results are evaluated by quantitative and qualitative methods.
Jiuzhuan Huangjing Pills alleviate fatigue by preventing energy metabolism dysfunctions in mitochondria.
Authors: Shen Pan , Yu Wei-mei , Deng Bing , Ao Ting , Tao Yu-xuan , Ni Zhe-xin , Huang-fu Chao-ji , Wang Ning-ning , Hu Yang-yi , Sun De-zhi , Bai Zhi-jie , Xia Tian-tian , Yu Jie , Gao Yue , Yang Xing-xin , Wang Cheng , Zhou Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Fatigue exerts a profound impact on the efficiency of work and learning, as well as overall health, in a significant portion of the global population. Unfortunately, current anti-fatigue medications have fallen short in delivering satisfactory outcomes, underscoring the imperative for extensive research into the development of therapeutic interventions to effectively manage fatigue and mitigate its associated adverse effects.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of dietary supplement Jiuzhuan Huangjing Pills (JHP) in improving fatigue induced by exercise and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.
Methods
The weight-loaded forced swimming test was employed to establish a fatigue model in mice. C2C12 cells stimulated with H2O2 were employed to establish an in vitro oxidative stress model. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were conducted to measure oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and energy metabolism-related markers in both in vivo and in vitro models. Immunofluorescence assays were performed to assess mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to identify metabolites in tissues and the JHP-derived ingredients, respectively. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking were applied to reveal the potential key genes and pathways targeted by the main ingredients.
Results
JHP significantly increased the swimming time of mice and improved abnormal changes in fatigue indicators caused by intensity exercise. Mechanistically, JHP improved fatigue by protecting against structural damage and functional disorders of mitochondria through the reduction of oxidative stress, thereby preventing cell death and enhancing energy metabolism. Consistent with JHP, the ingredients derived from JHP also displayed similar protective effects against fatigue-induced oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial damage and cellular apoptosis. Importantly, JHP alleviated oxidative stress mainly by modulating the abundances of organic acids and lipids. The main ingredients of JHP as bioactive components exert their effects by binding to key genes involved in pathways crucial in fatigue.
Conclusions
Taken together, our findings demonstrated that JHP can serve as a candidate dietary supplement to improve exercise-induced fatigue without causing adverse effects, acting through the modulation at both metabolite and gene levels to ensure cellular survival and energy metabolism, ultimately enhancing overall energy production in the body.
The resolvent kernel on the discrete circle and twisted cosecant sums
Authors: Jorgenson Jay , Karlsson Anders , Smajlovic Lejla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In this paper we present a general unifying principle for computing finite trigonometric sums of types that arise in physics and number theory. We obtain formulas that are more general than previous expressions and deduce linear recursions, which are computationally more efficient than the degree two recursions proved by Zagier in [Za96]. As an application, we provide an answer to a question posed by Xie-Zhao-Zhao in [XZZ22 concerning special values of Dirichlet L-functions. The proofs use the combinatorial Laplacian on cyclic graphs and their twisted coverings. The techniques therefore connect the trigonometric sums to spectral invariants of graphs and open up for future investigations.
Analysis of the outcomes of post-diverticulitis investigations, A multicentre cohort study including 1052 patients
Authors: Abdelrahim Ahmed , Ali Omer , Kamali Dariush , Reddy Anil , Harrison Sanjay , Boshnaq Mohamed , Abudeeb Haytham , Ashoush Fouad , Qulaghassi Muhaned , Rahman-Casans Syed-Fida , Osman Khalid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aim: This is the largest single study, to date, which aims to assess the yield of the endoscopic investigations performed following acute diverticulitis.
Method: A retrospective multi-centre study included patients with multislice computed tomography (MSCT) proven diverticulitis, in three NHS hospitals, between January 2016 and December 2022. The primary outcome was the rate of colonic cancer in the diseased segment. Secondary outcomes included the rate of malignancy in the non-diseased colonic segments, the benign colonic polyp detection rate, the rate of malignancy in the resected surgical specimens in patients who underwent an emergency surgery on the index admission and the rate of complications in the investigated group.
Results: 1052 patients were included in the study; out of which 680 (64.6%) were females with median age of 65 (21-91) years. 694 patients (66%) had uncomplicated diverticulitis (Hinchey stage 1A) while 358 (39%) had complicated diverticulitis (Hinchey stage 1B - 4). Following the acute episode, 715 (68%) patients had subsequent endoscopic evaluation. The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) or advanced adenomas (AA) in patients with uncomplicated (Hinchey 1A) diverticulitis was 0.14%. The incidence of CRC/AA in patients with Hinchey 1b and Hinchey 2 was 1.4 % and 4.4% respectively. 18/98 patients (18.4%) out of the patients who underwent emergency colonic resection for suspected perforated diverticulitis had histological evidence of colonic malignancy.
Conclusion: Colonoscopy following uncomplicated diverticulitis has a low yield. It should be reserved for patients with complicated diverticulitis and those with uncomplicated diverticulitis who have suspicious radiological or clinical manifestations. In patients who undergo emergency surgery, oncological principles should be applied whenever possible.
Empirical identification of feasible and strategic climate policies
Authors: Mealy Penny , Ganslmeier Michael , Godinho Catrina , Hallegatte Stephane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The political and institutional feasibility of implementing climate policy appears as a key impediment to accelerating climate action. Drawing on a rich dataset of climate policies introduced globally over the last 50 years, this paper explores global patterns in climate policy adoption to understand how climate policy feasibility is shaped by countries’ existing policies and institutional capacity. By constructing a ‘Climate Policy Space’ network based on the co-occurrence of climate policies across countries, we show that climate policy adoption is path-dependent, and therefore predictable: countries are significantly more likely to introduce policies that require similar institutional capacity and policy know-how to policies they have previously introduced. Exploiting this finding, we construct empirically validated ‘Climate Policy Feasibility Frontiers’ which, for a given country, identify policies that are (1) likely to be easiest to introduce; (2) have the greatest advantages in terms of capacity building and therefore facilitate further climate action; and (3) have the largest emissions reduction potential. As a complement to traditional cost-benefit analysis, such feasibility frontiers can inform more realistic and strategic climate policy prioritization across countries.
CD61 + LDNs drive cancer metastasis by upregulating CCDC25 expression via DNA-TLR9-NF-kB axis in HCC
Authors: Guan Xiangqian , Lu Yuyan , wang Chuanzheng , Zhan Ping , Chen Zhigao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
A subset of neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has recently been described in cancer patients.
Methods
Double gradient centrifugation was used to separate neutrophil subset. Western blot assay was performed to assess CCDC25 expression level.
Results
In this study, we found that low density neutrophils(LDNs) were highly enriched in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients compared to non-metastatic HCC patients. Then, we showed that the most prominent marker on LDNs was CD61, compared to high density neutrophils(HDNs). The CD61+LDNs subset displayed an increased ability in triggering metastasis, producing free DNA, and synthesizing cytokine CCL5, and a decreased ability in forming NETs, synthesizing cytokine TNF-α and producing ROS, as compared with CD61−LDNs or HDNs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CD61+LDNs displayed distinct gene transcribe from CD61−LDNs and HDNs. The abundance of circulating CD61+LDNs was negatively correlated with disease prognosis, and positively correlated with the expression of CCDC25 within tumor. These CD61+LDNs increased the invasion of HCC cells by upregulating CCDC25. Mechanistically, the CD61+LDN-derived free DNA, excluding the NETs-DNA, enhanced the invasiveness of HCC cells and triggered their metastatic potential, which was mediated by TLR9-NF-κB-CCDC25 signaling. Blocking this signaling reversed the invasion of the CD61+LDNs-evoked HCC cells. In vivo, we consistently showed that CD61+LDNs enhanced HCC metastasis to the lungs.
Conclusions
Overall, our findings showed that a subset of CD61+LDNs has pro-metastatic effects on HCC, which might be used for targeting HCC in the clinical setting.
Basque Optimization: a new cost function prediction based optimization algorithm
Authors: Zulueta Asier , Zulueta Ekaitz , Garcia-Ortega Joseba , Ispas-Gil Decebal Aitor , Fernandez-Gamiz Unai , Lopez-Guede Jose Manuel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Authors propose a new intelligent optimization algorithm. This algorithm tries to learn the cost function shape in order to decide which points must be evaluated, and how many optimization iterations are enough. As far as the authors know, there is no optimization algorithm that applies prediction with all the evaluated points. Authors have performed a comparison study of the error prediction made by both the proposed algorithm, and the best-known intelligent optimization algorithm: Particle Swarm Optimization. The results show that this new algorithm is able to learn different cost functions more accurately. The cost function set proposed in this article are continuous evaluated functions which have very diverse mathematical shapes. The authors have concluded that the proposed algorithm is able to choose the evaluation points more appropriately.
Studies on diffusion of moisture through nanoclay/vinylester/glass nanocomposites
Authors: Kamanna Bommanna , Anupama B S , Hatti Prashant S 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The goal of this study was to see how mud content affected nanoclay/vinylester/glass composites submerged in 13.5 pH soluble solutions for up to 100 days. The corruptions in UTS, Impact characteristics, Flexural Strength and Interlaminar Shear Strength were investigated, as well as the samples' diffusivity. Vinylester/glass composites, have the highest dampness retention of 0.85 percent, while 8wt percent nanoclay/vinylester/glass nanocomposites have the lowest dampness retention of 0.55 percent. The diffusion co-efficient was determined to be 9.53X10− 13 m2/sec for nanoclay/vinyl ester/glass composites with 8wt percent and 2.98X10− 13 m2/sec for nanoclay/vinyl ester/glass composites with 8wt percent.Mechanical characteristics dropped at a faster rate as a result of moisture retention. In comparison to vinylester/glass composites, 4wt% nanoclay/vinylester/glass composites displayed improved performance in salt environment moulding of all composite classes. XRD was used to concentrate scattering, and Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to focus on the ductile cracked samples.
Elucidating the Mechanism and Selectivity of [3+2] Cycloaddition: A DFT and Molecular Docking Investigation of the Reaction of 6-Butoxy-5,6- Dihydro-4H-1,2-Oxazine 2-Oxide with Dimethyl Maleate
Authors: Mohammad-Salim Haydar , de Julián-Ortiz Jesus Vicente , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Almutairi Tahani Mazyad , Benmetir Sofiane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions involving 6-butoxy-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,2-oxazine 2-oxide and dimethyl maleate are examined in this study. Molecular electron density theory (MEDT) is applied at the M06-2X/6-311G(d,p) level, coupled with the D3 dispersion correction. The nitrone species are identified as zwitterionic entities through an analysis of the electron localization function (ELF). Conceptual DFT indices are utilized to classify dimethyl maleate as the electrophilic component and the nitrone as the nucleophilic counterpart. The [3 + 2] cycloaddition processes are predominantly governed by kinetic control, as indicated by activation free energies of -23.64 and − 11.42 kcal.mol − 1 for the exo and endo pathways, respectively, aligning with experimental findings. The formation of a pseudoradical center initiates at carbon atoms C3 and C4. A subsequent docking analysis is conducted on cycloadducts 3 and 4 in relation to the main protease of SARS-CoV2 (6LU7), alongside the co-crystal ligand. The results of this analysis reveal that cycloadducts 3 exhibit higher binding energy, while cycloadducts 4 display lower binding energy compared to the co-crystal ligand.
Abnormal brain networks in Meiges Syndrome based on centrality analysis and functional network connectivity
Authors: Wang Yifei , Yang Aocai , Song Zeyu , Chen Yu , Ma Guolin , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Meige's syndrome (MS) is a neurologically disabling disorder characterized by visual impairment, mastication, and swallowing difficulties. Emerging evidence suggests that MS may stem from disturbances in brain networks. However, current literature inadequately probes the centrality and functional connectivity within these networks.
Purpose
This study aims to compare the brain networks of MS patients with those of healthy controls (HC). We focus on examining changes in intrinsic connectivity, the significance of nodes within the global brain network, and functional network connectivity (FNC). Additionally, we seek to identify potential correlations between neuroimaging findings and clinical scales.
Method
We employed centrality analysis and mediation analysis of brain networks using resting-state fMRI data. Voxel-level degree centrality (DC) and eigenvector centrality (EC) served as key features. Independent component analysis was utilized to assess functional connectivity at the network level.
Results
Analyses of EC and DC identified abnormal areas in MS patients predominantly in the right thalamus, left middle occipital gyrus, and Cerebellum Inferior. Mediation analysis indicated that disease severity and course of disease are fully mediated by DC values in the right cerebellum. FNC results highlighted abnormal connections in cerebellar-subcortical, memory retrieval-cingulo-opercular task control, and ventral attention-sensory/somatomotor hand networks in MS patients.
Conclusions
Our findings reveal multiple abnormalities in centrality and functional connectivity of brain networks in MS patients. Notably, disease severity correlates with alterations in these, potentially influencing disease progression.
The role of moisture and salt distribution in the weathering of the medieval cave town of Uplistsikhe, Georgia
Authors: Sass Oliver , Heil Stefanie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Knowledge of salt and moisture distribution is a key factor for understanding rock decay at cultural heritage sites. The cave town of Uplistsikhe in Georgia, carved from sandstone in late bronze age to medieval times, suffers from progressive scaling and flaking processes. Multi-method investigations of rock moisture and salt distribution were carried out in order to better understand the patterns of decay. Salt distribution was investigated using drill dust samples and paper pulp poultices; moisture was determined by 2D-resistivity and handheld microwave sensors, supplemented by infrared thermography. The combined results from the different methods revealed a complex pattern of salt and moisture distribution. An most sites, K2SO4 (arcanite) and its hydrates dominate, sometimes in combination with CaSO4 (gypsum). At one site (Grandhall), halite (NaCl) and niter (KNO3) prevail. Sulphates are assumed to be a legacy of air pollution; origin of halite and niter remains unsolved but might be due to concrete reinforcements. Two main sources of moisture were evidenced depending on season and spatial situation: (1) Condensation of air humidity at cool cave backwalls in spring (combined with and aided by salt efflorescence), evidenced by 2D-resistivity and infrared thermography; (2) seepage along joints particularly at the cave backwalls and roofs, evidenced by handheld microwave sensors. Further investigations should focus on identifying seepage pathways and on clarifying the origin of destructive halite and nitrates.