bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors among patients undergoing comprehensive genomic profiling testing: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, observational study
Authors: Matsuoka Ayumu , Fujimori Maiko , Koyama Takafumi , Sato Ayako , Mori Keita , Hirata Makoto , Tanabe Noriko , Nakachi Kohei , Kato Shunsuke , Okamoto Hiroaki , Ogawa Kohei , Komatsu Hirokazu , Iwasaku Masahiro , Miyaji Tempei , Uchitomi Yosuke 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionSince May 2019, comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has been covered by Japan’s health insurance system for patients with solid tumours that have progressed on standard chemotherapy, rare tumours or tumours of unknown primary origin. Although CGP has the potential to identify actionable mutations that can guide the selection of genomically matched therapies for patients with advanced cancer and limited treatment options, less than 10% of patients benefit from CGP testing, which may have a negative impact on patients’ mental status. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors among patients with advanced cancer who are undergoing CGP testing across Japan.Methods and analysisThis multicentre, prospective cohort study will enrol a total of 700 patients with advanced cancer undergoing CGP testing. Participants will be asked to complete questionnaires at three timepoints: at the time of consenting to CGP testing (T1), at the time of receiving the CGP results (T2; 2–3 months after T1) and 4–5 months after T2 (T3). Primary outcome is the prevalence of depression as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 at the three timepoints. Secondary outcomes are the prevalence of anxiety and Quality of Life Score. Associated factors with psychological distress will also be examined, including knowledge about CGP, attitudes, values and preferences towards CGP, satisfaction with oncologists’ communication and patient characteristics as well as medical information including CGP test results and genomically matched therapies if provided. The prevalence of depression and anxiety will be estimated using the unadjusted raw rates observed in the total sample. Longitudinal changes in measures will be explored by calculating differences between the timepoints. Multivariate associations between variables will be examined using multiple or logistic regression analysis depending on the outcomes to adjust for confounders and to identify outcome predictors.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center Japan on 5 January 2023 (ID: 2022-228). Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial statusThe study is currently recruiting participants and the enrolment period will end on 31 March 2025, with an expected follow-up date of 31 March 2026.Trial registration numberUMIN000049964.
‘That’s how we got around it’: a qualitative exploration of healthcare professionals’ experiences of care provision for asylum applicants’ with limited English proficiency in UK contingency accommodation
Authors: Tomkow Louise , Prager Gabrielle , Drinkwater Jessica , Morris Rebecca L , Farrington Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe inadequate provision of language interpretation for people with limited English proficiency (LEP) is a determinant of poor health, yet interpreters are underused. This research explores the experiences of National Health Service (NHS) staff providing primary care for people seeking asylum, housed in contingency accommodation during COVID-19. This group often have LEP and face multiple additional barriers to healthcare access. Language discrimination is used as a theoretical framework. The potential utility of this concept is explored as a way of understanding and addressing inequities in care.DesignQualitative research using semistructured interviews and inductive thematic analysis.SettingAn NHS primary care service for people seeking asylum based in contingency accommodation during COVID-19 housing superdiverse residents speaking a wide spectrum of languages.ParticipantsTen staff including doctors, nurses, mental health practitioners, healthcare assistants and students participated in semistructured online interviews. Some staff were redeployed to this work due to the pandemic.ResultsAll interviewees described patients’ LEP as significant. Inadequate provision of interpretation services impacted the staff’s ability to provide care and compromised patient safety. Discrimination, such as that based on migration status, was recognised and challenged by staff. However, inequity based on language was not articulated as discrimination. Instead, insufficient and substandard interpretation was accepted as the status quo and workarounds used, such as gesticulating or translation phone apps. The theoretical lens of language discrimination shows how this propagates existing social hierarchies and further disadvantages those with LEP.ConclusionsThis research provides empirical evidence of how the inadequate provision of interpreters forces the hand of healthcare staff to use shortcuts. Although this innovative ‘tinkering’ allows staff to get the job done, it risks normalising structural gaps in care provision for people with LEP. Policy-makers must rethink their approach to interpretation provision which prioritises costs over quality. We assert that the concept of language discrimination is a valuable framework for clinicians to better identify and articulate unfair treatment on the grounds of LEP.
Prehospital acute life-threatening cardiovascular disease in elderly: an observational, prospective, multicentre, ambulance-based cohort study
Authors: del Pozo Vegas Carlos , Zalama-Sánchez Daniel , Sanz-Garcia Ancor , López-Izquierdo Raúl , Sáez-Belloso Silvia , Mazas Perez Oleaga Cristina , Domínguez Azpíroz Irma , Elío Pascual Iñaki , Martín-Rodríguez Francisco 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the association of demographic and prehospital parameters with short-term and long-term mortality in acute life-threatening cardiovascular disease by using a hazard model, focusing on elderly individuals, by comparing patients under 75 years versus patients over 75 years of age.DesignProspective, multicentre, observational study.SettingEmergency medical services (EMS) delivery study gathering data from two back-to-back studies between 1 October 2019 and 30 November 2021. Six advanced life support (ALS), 43 basic life support and five hospitals in Spain were considered.ParticipantsAdult patients suffering from acute life-threatening cardiovascular disease attended by the EMS.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was in-hospital mortality from any cause within the first to the 365 days following EMS attendance. The main measures included prehospital demographics, biochemical variables, prehospital ALS techniques used and syndromic suspected conditions.ResultsA total of 1744 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The 365-day cumulative mortality in the elderly amounted to 26.1% (229 cases) versus 11.6% (11.6%) in patients under 75 years old. Elderly patients (≥75 years) presented a twofold risk of mortality compared with patients ≤74 years. Life-threatening interventions (mechanical ventilation, cardioversion and defibrillation) were also related to a twofold increased risk of mortality. Importantly, patients suffering from acute heart failure presented a more than twofold increased risk of mortality.ConclusionsThis study revealed the prehospital variables associated with the long-term mortality of patients suffering from acute cardiovascular disease. Our results provide important insights for the development of specific codes or scores for cardiovascular diseases to facilitate the risk of mortality characterisation.
The Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin in the Central Andes
Authors: Aguirre-Urreta Beatriz 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Neuquén Basin, located at the foothills of the Central Andes of Argentina, with superb and extended exposures, is a natural laboratory. It is important not only for its continuous sedimentary record and superb palaeontological biota but also for its significant economic hydrocarbon resources. This synthesis is intended to provide an update only on the Cretaceous timespan in the basin development. It is characterized by a succession of sedimentary rocks that were deposited in different environments over time, interspersed with volcanic rocks associated with an active volcanic arc. High-precision geochronology dating on the tuffs establishes robust chronological ages to constrain the different stages. As this brief review only shows a fragment of the information presently available, an effort has been made to compile a comprehensive and up-to-date bibliography to compensate for the brevity of the text.
Modelling principal stress orientations in the Arabian Plate using plate velocities
Authors: Peña Clavijo Santiago , Dash Anindita , Baby Guillaume , Alafifi Abdulkader M. , Finkbeiner Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We model maximum principal horizontal stress orientations in the Arabian Plate using a 3D finite element approach in conjunction with plate velocities. To capture the impact of geometry and tectonics, the model considers an accurate plate boundary shape and associated deformations. Three primary geological units represent plate architecture: sedimentary cover, crust and upper mantle. The mesh resolution varies to capture important geometrical features. Subsequently, we calculate the stress field using the force balance equation. Displacement boundary conditions are evaluated as accumulative deformation.

NE–SW maximum principal horizontal stress (S
Hmax
) azimuths dominate in northeastern Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, whilst NW–SE to NNW–SSE define the Dead Sea area. The Red Sea Basin and Saudi Arabia's interior is characterized by north–south S
Hmax
azimuths. Iraq's western area shows azimuths from NNW–SSE to NW–SE due to the collision at the Zagros Mountain Range, but changes to NE–SW in the east at the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt.

An extensive literature review reveals publicly available S
Hmax
azimuth data which augment the sparse records compiled in the World Stress Map database. Our simulated S
Hmax
azimuths are consistent with these data. The results further corroborate ongoing tectonic processes, deepen our understanding of
in situ
stress variation drivers and inform current elastic deformation mechanisms in the Arabian Plate.
Fragments of the Northern Routes: The Trade in Chinese Ceramics in the Golden Horde Territories
Authors: Bruccoleri Valentina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The role of Chinese ceramics in the interconnections of the Mongol khanates is not a new subject; however, most studies focus on the artistic exchanges between Yuan China and Ilkhanid Iran. Besides the well-known southern mainland route that linked these two regions, written sources and archaeological evidence also bear witness to intense commercial activity along the northern routes that passed over the Caspian Sea to the Caucasian region, relaying between the major cities of the Golden Horde khanate. The Chinese stoneware and porcelain excavated in some of these cities, including Saray, Saraijuk, Azov, Majar, and Bolgar, have been published among other materials in various excavations reports and articles covering these regions, but have never been considered as a whole. This article aims to provide an initial survey on the presence of fourteenth-century Chinese ceramics in the Golden Horde khanate, draw a preliminary picture of the typologies of the exported wares, and set the basis for further studies in the field.
Was the February 2022 Persistent Heavy Precipitation Event over South China Enhanced by Anthropogenic Climate Change?
Authors: Qiao Shaobo , Chen Dong , He Meng , Li Chao , Hu Chundi , Zhao Junhu , Cheng Jianbo , Feng Guolin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Annual maximum 7-day precipitation has increased over South China since 1961. Ten CMIP6 climate models simulate either weaker increases in risk ratio than observed or nonsignificant changes.
A Standardized Benchmarking Framework to Assess Downscaled Precipitation Simulations
Authors: Isphording Rachael N. , Alexander Lisa V. , Bador Margot , Green Donna , Evans Jason P. , Wales Scott 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Presently, there is no standardized framework or metrics identified to assess regional climate model precipitation output. Because of this, it can be difficult to make a one-to-one comparison of their performance between regions or studies, or against coarser-resolution global climate models. To address this, we introduce the first steps toward establishing a dynamic, yet standardized, benchmarking framework that can be used to assess model skill in simulating various characteristics of rainfall. Benchmarking differs from typical model evaluation in that it requires that performance expectations are set a priori. This framework has innumerable applications to underpin scientific studies that assess model performance, inform model development priorities, and aid stakeholder decision-making by providing a structured methodology to identify fit-for-purpose model simulations for climate risk assessments and adaptation strategies. While this framework can be applied to regional climate model simulations at any spatial domain, we demonstrate its effectiveness over Australia using high-resolution, 0.5° × 0.5° simulations from the CORDEX-Australasia ensemble. We provide recommendations for selecting metrics and pragmatic benchmarking thresholds depending on the application of the framework. This includes a top tier of minimum standard metrics to establish a minimum benchmarking standard for ongoing climate model assessment. We present multiple applications of the framework using feedback received from potential user communities and encourage the scientific and user community to build on this framework by tailoring benchmarks and incorporating additional metrics specific to their application.

Significance Statement
We introduce a standardized benchmarking framework for assessing the skill of regional climate models in simulating precipitation. This framework addresses the lack of a uniform approach in the scientific community and has diverse applications in scientific research, model development, and societal decision-making. We define a set of minimum standard metrics to underpin ongoing climate model assessments that quantify model skill in simulating fundamental characteristics of rainfall. We provide guidance for selecting metrics and defining benchmarking thresholds, demonstrated using multiple case studies over Australia. This framework has broad applications for numerous user communities and provides a structured methodology for the assessment of model performance.
Observations of Intermittent Seamount-Trapped Waves and Topographic Rossby Waves around the Slope of a Low-Latitude Deep Seamount
Authors: Guo Binbin , Shu Yeqiang , Wang Weiqiang , He Gaowen , Liang Qianyong , Zhang Dongsheng , Yu Lusha , Wang Jun , Deng Xiguang , Yang Yong , Xie Qiang , Deng Yinan , Su Danyi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Observations of currents and temperatures from four moorings deployed around the deep slope (∼2500 m) of Caiwei Guyot in the Pacific Prime Crust Zone were utilized to investigate topographically trapped waves at low-latitude seamounts. Contrasting with commonly reported persistent diurnal seamount-trapped wave cases at middle and high latitudes, the subinertial variability in deep currents and temperatures at the slope of Caiwei Guyot was primarily characterized by two distinct lower-frequency bands (i.e., 13–24 and 3.3–4.7 days). These subinertial variabilities are interpreted as intermittent seamount-trapped waves and topographic Rossby waves (TRWs). During certain time periods, the observations include key signatures of seamount-trapped waves, such as near-opposite phases of azimuthal velocity (and temperature) on opposite flanks of the seamount, and patterns of temporal current rotation consistent with counterrotating cells of horizontal current propagating counterclockwise around the seamount. After comparing these observations to idealized seamount-trapped wave solutions, we conclude that the 13–24-day (3.3–4.7-day) energy is mainly due to radial–vertical mode 5 (3) for azimuthal wavenumber 1 (3). Sometimes the subinertial energy remained pronounced at only one flank of the seamount, primarily explained as TRWs with 192–379-m vertical trapping scale and 14–28-km wavelength. Upper-layer mesoscale perturbations might provide energy for deep seamount-trapped waves and TRWs. This study highlights the role of topographically trapped waves in modulating the deep circulation at low-latitude seamounts.
Maresin1 ameliorates MSU crystal-induced inflammation by upregulating Prdx5 expression
Authors: Jiang Hui , Song DianZe , Zhou Xiaoqin , Chen Feng , Yu Qingqing , Ren Long , Dai Qian , Zeng Mei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Maresin1 (MaR1) is a potent lipid mediator that exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity in the context of several inflammatory diseases. A previous study reported that MaR1 could suppress MSU crystal-induced peritonitis in mice. To date, the molecular mechanism by which MaR1 inhibits MSU crystal-induced inflammation remains poorly understood.

Methods
Mousebone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were pretreated with MaR1 and then stimulated with FAs (palmitic, C16:0 and stearic, C18:0) plus MSU crystals (FAs + MSUc). In vivo, the effects of MaR1 treatment or Prdx5 deficiency on MSUc induced peritonitis and arthritis mouse models were evaluated.

Results
The current study indicated that MaR1 effectively suppressed MSUc induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo. MaR1 reversed the decrease in Prdx5 mRNA and protein levels induced by FAs + MSUc. Further assays demonstrated that MaR1 acceleratedPrdx5 expression by regulating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling axis. Activation of AMPK by Prdx5 improved homeostasis of the TXNIP and TRX proteins and alleviated mitochondrial fragmentation. In addition, Prdx5 overexpression inhibited the expression of CPT1A, a key enzyme for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Prdx5 protected against defects in FA + MSUc induced FAO and the urea cycle.

Conclusion
MaR1 treatment effectively attenuated MSUc induced inflammation by upregulating Prdx5 expression. Our study provides a new strategy by which Prdx5 may help prevent acute gout attacks.
Role of DCLK1/Hippo pathway in type II alveolar epithelial cells differentiation in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Chen Xiao-Yue , Kao Ching , Peng Syue-Wei , Chang Jer-Hwa , Lee Yueh-Lun , Laiman Vincent , Chung Kian Fan , Bhavsar Pankaj K. , Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Chuang Kai-Jen , Chuang Hsiao-Chi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Delay in type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) regeneration has been linked to higher mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, the interaction between Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) and the Hippo signaling pathway in ARDS-associated AECII differentiation remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand the role of the DCLK1/Hippo pathway in mediating AECII differentiation in ARDS.

Materials and methods
AECII MLE-12 cells were exposed to 0, 0.1, or 1 μg/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 and 12 h. In the mouse model, C57BL/6JNarl mice were intratracheally (i.t.) injected with 0 (control) or 5 mg/kg LPS and were euthanized for lung collection on days 3 and 7.

Results
We found that LPS induced AECII markers of differentiation by reducing surfactant protein C (SPC) and p53 while increasing T1α (podoplanin) and E-cadherin at 12 h. Concurrently, nuclear YAP dynamic regulation and increased TAZ levels were observed in LPS-exposed AECII within 12 h. Inhibition of YAP consistently decreased cell levels of SPC, claudin 4 (CLDN-4), galectin 3 (LGALS-3), and p53 while increasing transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) at 6 h. Furthermore, DCLK1 expression was reduced in isolated human AECII of ARDS, consistent with the results in LPS-exposed AECII at 6 h and mouse SPC-positive (SPC+) cells after 3-day LPS exposure. We observed that downregulated DCLK1 increased p-YAP/YAP, while DCLK1 overexpression slightly reduced p-YAP/YAP, indicating an association between DCLK1 and Hippo-YAP pathway.

Conclusions
We conclude that DCLK1-mediated Hippo signaling components of YAP/TAZ regulated markers of AECII-to-AECI differentiation in an LPS-induced ARDS model.

Graphical Abstract
Gains in the current understanding of managing neovascular AMD with brolucizumab
Authors: Bodaghi Bahram , Khanani Arshad M. , Khoramnia Ramin , Pavesio Carlos , Nguyen Quan Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Unresolved retinal fluid and high injection burden are major challenges for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Brolucizumab addresses these challenges by providing robust vision gains and superior fluid resolution, with the potential for longer treatment intervals.
Brolucizumab has been associated with adverse events of retinal vasculitis and retinal vascular occlusion typically in the presence of intraocular inflammation (IOI). To define the incidence of the adverse events, Novartis convened an external safety review committee, which found a rate of 4.6% for definite or probable IOI, 3.3% for retinal vasculitis, and 2.1% for retinal vascular occlusion in the HAWK and HARRIER trials. Novartis also established a coalition to explore 4 areas regarding the adverse events: root cause, patient characterization, event mitigation and vigilance, and treatment protocols for the adverse events. Based on the coalition findings, a risk mitigation framework was developed. Prior to initiating treatment with brolucizumab, it is important to weigh the potential benefit against risk of adverse events and to consider patient risk factors such as prior history of IOI and/or retinal vascular occlusion. To mitigate the potential for IOI-related adverse events, it is important to conduct a thorough dilated eye examination before each injection and closely monitor patients throughout treatment. Patients should be educated on symptoms of IOI to monitor for. Brolucizumab should not be injected in the presence of active IOI. If an adverse event is identified, prompt and intensive treatment should be considered.

Conclusion
Progress has been made in understanding how to mitigate IOI-related adverse events following treatment with brolucizumab.