bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illuminating policy for health: insights from a decade of researching urban and regional planning
Authors: Harris P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Public health focussed policy analysis focusses on policy making practice and the conditions under which policies are made. The field has great promise for interrogating and creating ‘healthy’ public policy. Engaging with the complex realities of policy with a critical lens using established knowledge from other disciplines, especially political science, is crucial.

Objectives
This presentation presents a comprehensive framework for public health focussed policy analysis, informed by deep engagement with political science especially new institutionalism. The presentation of the framework is supported by insights from its application to urban and infrastructure policy-making over the past decade.

Methods
A priori application of theory from political science was mixed with deductive and inductive data collection and critical policy analysis of case studies of urban planning practices and systems in Australia from 2011 to 2020, including 250 policy documents and 92 semi-structured interviews.

Results
The final framework from the research is presented as a ‘cube’ made up of Institutions (actors, structures, ideas), Action and Evaluation (processes, decisions and choices, and outcomes and events), Governance (constitutive, directive and operational), Power and Time. Essentially the research demonstrated the power of institutional silos and historical ways of working (path dependencies) that are challenging to shift and are underpinned by often unexplored normative values promoting market and economic growth and excluding risks to health and health equity such as climate change and social protections. Change however comes about by creating and ensuring health focussed representation and voices in the governance regimes that define, create and sustain policy-making.

Conclusions
This comprehensive decade long research demonstrates how to investigate and interrogate healthy public policy that accepts and illuminates complexity to critically unpack policymaking.

Key messages
• Research that interrogates policy-making as its main object is important in an era of increasing health inequities and the climate emergency.
• This presentation demonstrates how to do such research with practical examples and insights from investigating urban and infrastructure policy systems.
European value-based healthcare benchmarking: moving from theory to practice
Authors: García-Lorenzo Borja , Gorostiza Ania , Alayo Itxaso , Castelo Zas Susana , Cobos Baena Patricia , Gallego Camiña Inés , Izaguirre Narbaiza Begoña , Mallabiabarrena Gaizka , Ustarroz-Aguirre Iker , Rigabert Alina , Balzi William , Maltoni Roberta , Massa Ilaria , Álvarez López Isabel , Arévalo Lobera Sara , Esteban Mónica , Fernández Calleja Marta , Gómez Mediavilla Jenifer , Fernández Manuela , del Oro Hitar Manuel , Ortega Torres María del Carmen , Sanz Ferrandez María Consuelo , Manso Sánchez Luís , Serrano Balazote Pablo , Varela Rodríguez Carolina , Campone Mario , Le Lann Sophie , Vercauter Piet , Tournoy Kurt , Borges Marina , Oliveira Ana Sofía , Soares Marta , Fullaondo Ane ,   the VOICE Study Group, González Nerea , Lerma Iratxe Vázquez , Irazabal Izaskun Artola , Santamaría Aitor Fernandez de Larrinoa , Capanaga Andere Frias , Cacicedo Jon , Elorduy Eduardo Vicario , Acaiturri-Ayesta Teresa , Gómez-Inhiesto Elisa , Danesi Valentina , Gentili Nicola , Roncadori Andrea , Alarz Fátima Hermoso , Iraola Karmele Imaz , Adam Valerie , De Rijck Helene , Everaert Ellen , Barreira Esmeralda , Medeiros Pedro , Barros Emanuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Value-based healthcare (VBHC) is a conceptual framework to improve the value of healthcare by health, care-process and economic outcomes. Benchmarking should provide useful information to identify best practices and therefore a good instrument to improve quality across healthcare organizations. This paper aims to provide a proof-of-concept of the feasibility of an international VBHC benchmarking in breast cancer, with the ultimate aim of being used to share best practices with a data-driven approach among healthcare organizations from different health systems.

Methods
In the VOICE community—a European healthcare centre cluster intending to address VBHC from theory to practice—information on patient-reported, clinical-related, care-process-related and economic-related outcomes were collected. Patient archetypes were identified using clustering techniques and an indicator set following a modified Delphi was defined. Benchmarking was performed using regression models controlling for patient archetypes and socio-demographic characteristics.

Results
Six hundred and ninety patients from six healthcare centres were included. A set of 50 health, care-process and economic indicators was distilled for benchmarking. Statistically significant differences across sites have been found in most health outcomes, half of the care-process indicators, and all economic indicators, allowing for identifying the best and worst performers.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first international experience providing evidence to be used with VBHC benchmarking intention. Differences in indicators across healthcare centres should be used to identify best practices and improve healthcare quality following further research. Applied methods might help to move forward with VBHC benchmarking in other medical conditions.
Inducement of positive nutritional practices through health promotion campaigns among parents/caregivers in Albania
Authors: Vasil Suela , Mone Iris , Alia Albano , Muça Kliton , Tresa Eni , Burazeri Genc 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Opting for homemade meals is the healthiest choice. We assessed the change in nutritional practices among parents/caregivers exposed to health promotion campaigns. Pre- and post-intervention surveys inquiring about nutritional practices were conducted respectively in March and June 2022 in a community-based sample of 583 parents/caregivers in Albania (62% females; age: 39.7 ± 7.1 years; response: 83%). The multi-component intervention consisted of community-based ‘onsite’ events (awareness raising campaigns) and ‘online’ interventions (knowledge portal and digital applications). After the intervention, the prevalence of home cooking and/or provision of home-made foods to children for eating at school increased by 11% (both P &lt; 0.01). Engagement in healthy nutritional practices ‘only after the intervention’ increased especially among Roma/Egyptian parents/caregivers.
Broken to the trade: French lacemakers’ tools as sources of pride and pain
Authors: Hopkin David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Lacemaking in nineteenth-century France continued to be organized on a ‘putting-out’ basis, involving tens of thousands of women working from home. Their tools—pillow, bobbins, pins—were cheap or easy to make, and also highly portable, enabling lacemakers to gather in groups while working. These same tools held strong emotional and symbolic connotations, both for lacemakers themselves and for the art lovers and social crusaders who were determined to protect the trade from mechanization. Pillows, bobbins and other tools could be decorated with sentimental, religious or other messages. Lace tools were anthropomorphized in local dialects, made into ‘servants’. They were exchanged as gifts between couples, lent by neighbours and passed down from previous generations. They invoked and embodied lacemakers’ relationships, as well as their own craft identity. On their feast days lacemakers paraded replicas of their tools as a public statement of craft pride. Yet in lacemakers’ work culture, the tools were sometimes depicted as instruments of torture or as weapons used against those who forced them to work so long for so little. Lacemakers were ‘broken to the trade’ (rompu au métier) by their tools and the bodily attitudes they were forced to adopt. As the market for homemade lace declined and lacemaking became ever more closely associated with poverty, some lacemakers destroyed their tools as a protest at the grinding discipline of the trade.
Drought-related mortality modifies mixing effects on light absorption and growth in mono-specific and mixed stands of Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa, and Betula pendula
Authors: Plaga Benjamin N E , Bauhus Jürgen , Smith Andrew R , Pereira Mário G , Forrester David I 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Little is known about how drought-related mortality influences light absorption of surviving trees and consequent changes in tree species interactions. Here, we used the detailed tree-level light model (Maestra) in combination with measurements of tree dimensions, crown architectures, and stand structures to examine experimental mixing effects of Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa, and Betula pendula on light dynamics following a drought in Bangor, Wales. The experimental stands, planted in 2004, were composed of clusters with one to three species in different combinations. Droughts occurred in 2011 and 2014 during the growing seasons, and trees were measured in 2014 and 2015. Species mixing resulted, on average, in higher tree growth, absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (APAR), and light-use efficiency (LUE) compared with the mean of the monocultures. An exception was the monoculture of B. pendula, which was the most productive species and had higher growth, APAR, or LUE than some mixtures. Drought-related mortality reduced the stand basal area across all plots by an average of 8.3% and tree density by 11%. This moderate change in the structure did not result in significant increases in individual tree APAR, LUE, or growth. From a management perspective, mortality might need to reduce stand density more strongly than it did in this study before light absorption or LUE is altered.
Black Appalachia’s Oldest Old: Untold Stories of Experienced Racism and Coping With Religious Practices/Beliefs
Authors: Hamilton Jill B , Abiri Autherine , Nicolas Charlyne A , Grant Ernest J , Best Nakia C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Racism and religion are recognized as prevailing Social Determinants of Health (SDoH). To explore ways in which racism and religion looms in the daily lives of African Americans, we analyzed the experiences of African Americans born during the Jim Crow years and living in the Southern Appalachian Region of the United States.

Research Design and Methods
Twenty-seven African Americans participated in this qualitative descriptive study that utilized criterion sampling, open-ended semistructured interviews, and content analysis to identify a typology of categories related to experienced racism and ways in which religion was used in response to those experiences.

Results
Participants were an average age of 82.22 years (SD = 5.07); primarily women (n = 19, 70.4%); married (n = 11, 40.7%); junior high school (n = 6, 22.2%), high school or general educational diploma (n = 7, 25.9%), completed college or professional school (n = 6, 22.2%); were retired (n = 27, 100.0%); and affiliated with Baptist churches (n = 18, 66.7%). Experiences with racism included inequities in healthcare and education, and racially motivated physical violence. Religious practices/beliefs included forgiveness, humility, and humanity.

Discussion and Implications
Racism experienced by African American participants was likely countered by religious practices/beliefs inspired through intergenerational teachings with affiliations to the Black Church. These experiences of the oldest old ) African Americans living in communities of the Southern Appalachia, United States, illustrate the pervasive nature of racism. The religious beliefs that are frequently transmitted intergenerationally through the Black Church are relevant to understand present-day encounters with racism among African Americans and possibly other communities of color.
Adjoint-state differential arrival time tomography
Authors: Tong Ping , Li Tianjue , Chen Jing , Nagaso Masaru 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARY
The recently developed adjoint-state traveltime tomography (ATT) method offers an alternative approach to conduct traveltime tomography without the need for ray tracing or waveform modelling. Instead, it utilizes the eikonal equation to depict the minimal traveltime field from an earthquake location to any position in the computational domain. The process of tomographic inversion is formulated as an optimization problem with the goal of minimizing the difference between observed and theoretical first arrival times, which is subsequently solved using the efficient adjoint method. One advantage of differential arrival time data is that it cancels or reduces the influence of common factors, making it more sensitive to a specific subset of model parameters compared to first arrival times. To take advantage of this property, two variants of the ATT method are derived to determine velocity structure and earthquake locations in this study. The first variant, adjoint-state common-source differential arrival time tomography (ATT-CS), uses common-source differential arrival times; while the second variant, adjoint-state common-receiver differential arrival time tomography (ATT-CR), inverts common-receiver differential arrival times. Numerical examples demonstrate that the ATT-CS method is a valuable tool for imaging receiver-side fine-scale velocity structures. Conversely, the ATT-CR method is well suited for resolving source-side velocity structures. Differential arrival times also place constraints on earthquake locations. Compared to common-source differential arrival times, common-receiver differential arrival times are less sensitive to velocity errors and suitable for earthquake location determination. Both common-source and common-receiver differential arrival times are considered first-order differential arrival times. To demonstrate the ease with which the ATT method can be extended to higher-order differential arrival times, we also derive the adjoint-state second-order differential arrival time tomography method. Finally, we discuss how the adjoint-state tomography methods address multipathing.
Ushering in an age of scientific principles for communication research
Authors: Demetriades Stefanie Z , Walter Nathan , Holbert R Lance 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Communication seeks internal coherence and external distinction as its research profile grows and diversifies. The present essay calls for the establishment of scientific principles to guide future communication research and solidify the field’s unique scholarly identity within the marketplace of ideas. An argument is made that the field has achieved the necessary foundations to establish scientific principles but has yet to embrace this undertaking as a collective goal. This offering is intended as an initial foray into the process of identifying and evaluating scientific principles of communication by considering the value of these fundamental pillars for the field’s maturation. It proposes evaluation criteria which are then applied in a rendering of two candidate principles. These observations aim to initiate a broader conversation and spark a collective effort toward elucidating scientific principles of communication that can help to guide and anchor the field in its next stage of knowledge generation.
The misinformation recognition and response model: an emerging theoretical framework for investigating antecedents to and consequences of misinformation recognition
Authors: Amazeen Michelle A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Although research on misinformation and corrections has recently proliferated, no systematic structure has guided the examination of conditions under which misinformation is most likely to be recognized and the potential ensuing effects of recognition. The Misinformation Recognition and Response Model (MRRM) provides a framework for investigating the antecedents to and consequences of misinformation recognition. The model theorizes that how people cope with exposure to misinformation and/or intervention messages is conditioned by both dispositional and situational individual characteristics and is part of a process mediated by informational problem identification, issue motivation, and—crucially—recognition of misinformation. Whether or not recognition is activated then triggers differential cognitive coping strategies which ultimately affect consequent cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. Working to explore the notion of misinformation will be more fruitful if researchers take into consideration how various perspectives fit together and form a larger picture. The MRRM offers guidance on a multi-disciplinary understanding of recognizing and responding to misinformation.
Does the Practice of the European Convention on Human Rights Fit the Practical Conception of Human Rights?
Authors: Çalı Başak 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how the practice of European human rights, organised around the European Convention on Human Rights, can be brought into conversation with the practice conception of human rights advanced by Charles Beitz in the Idea of Human Rights. The article argues that this is a challenging task. Following Beitz’s construction of the human rights practice composed of (a) a global practice, (b) political discursive practice, (c) triggering a range of international action for corrective concern, (d) when states fail to protect urgent individual interests, the article identifies two main challenges: (1) the regional and legal-political character of the European human rights practice and (2) the lack of fit between the heuristic of urgency of individual interests and the European human rights practice. Having identified these challenges, however, I conclude that putting European human rights practice and the practice conception into a conversation reveals new knowledge at the intersection of moral and legal accounts of human rights. A closer engagement with the practice conception enables a better understanding of the key abstract features of European human rights practice. A closer engagement with this practice accentuates the normative case for making sense of predominantly legal and regional practices of human rights.
Daptomycin production enhancement by ARTP mutagenesis and fermentation optimization in Streptomyces roseosporus
Authors: Zhu Chen-Yang , Zhao Xin-Yi , Lyu Zhong-Yuan , Gao Wen-Li , Zhao Qing-Wei , Chen Xin-Ai , Li Yong-Quan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
We evaluated whether the randomness of mutation breeding can be regulated through a double-reporter system. We hope that by establishing a new precursor feeding strategy, the production capacity of industrial microorganisms after pilot scale-up can be further improved.

Methods and results
In this study, the industrial strain Streptomyces roseosporus L2796 was used as the starter strain for daptomycin production, and a double-reporter system with the kanamycin resistance gene Neo and the chromogenic gene gusA was constructed to screen for high-yield strain L2201 through atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP). Furthermore, the composition of the culture medium and the parameters of precursor replenishment were optimized, resulting in a significant enhancement of the daptomycin yield of the mutant strain L2201(752.67 mg/l).

Conclusions
This study successfully screened a high-yield strain of daptomycin through a double-reporter system combined with ARTP mutation. The expression level of two reporter genes can evaluate the strength of dptEp promoter, which can stimulate the expression level of dptE in the biosynthesis of daptomycin, thus producing more daptomycin. The developed multi-stage feeding rate strategy provides a novel way to increase daptomycin in industrial fermentation.
Austerity urbanism, local government debt-drive, and post COVID predicaments in Britain
Authors: Dagdeviren Hulya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Conditions of local governance in the aftermath of the global financial crisis are often discussed as reflections of ‘austerity urbanism’. What forms of mutations have taken place in austerity urbanism after the initial years of spending cuts at the local level? This article investigates this question by focusing on the uneven geographies of post-austerity debt-drive in Britain. It is shown that austerity urbanism in Britain was somewhat peculiarly combined with debt-driven ‘entrepreneurialism’ several years after the introduction of extensive budgetary cuts. The local debt-drive was instigated by austerity-urbanism as a way of resolving the challenge of financing local services and development. The relatively low level of initial debt stock among local governments, very attractive borrowing terms and various regulatory changes facilitated the expansion of borrowing. Using debt stock data for over 300 local governments, it is demonstrated how debt build-up evolved to create financial difficulties for around 40 per cent of local governments. The Covid-19 pandemic, with its severe impacts on local revenues, exposed the debt-driven local development projects, leading to rescue operations and efforts to curb borrowing through new rules and regulations. For deeper international insights into the dynamics of debt-financing and urban development in times of crises, further research is needed to complement existing research in Britain and the USA, where relatively greater evidence exists.
A Listening Device: Colombia’s Truth Commission and the Politics of the Audible
Authors: Castillejo-Cuéllar Alejandro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this brief text I want to offer a personal reflection on my work as a former Commissioner in Colombia’s Commission for the Clarification of Truth, Coexistence and Non-repetition. What is of interest to me is the idea that truth-seeking commission models are complex “listening devices” that render certain forms of violence intelligible while other more systemic types, remain elusive. In contexts of deeply rooted historical and endemic racial and economic inequalities, this is not a minor issue as these material inequalities are at the heart of conflict itself. In fact, what I call the “transitional promise of transformation” often falls short of changing the structures of quotidian experience of people and communities scarred by such historical injuries. Rather, those “transformations” are deferred to a future “liberal peace building” or development-oriented agenda. I examine this way of listening through a particular theoretical lens and aspire not only to contribute with an empathic and a reflexive distance from our work as a Commission but also to posit wider questions.
Displacement in Place and the Financial Crisis in Lebanon
Authors: Ali Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Displacement is underway in Lebanon after financial collapse, but not as events of migration, rather, as processual disruption to people’s lives that begins in place, preceding the potential outcome of forced migration. Financial collapse has shifted the population into extremes of constraint, dispossessing them of assets needed to live in valued ways. Widely circulated claims of an exodus are premature. Historic mass emigration from Lebanon occurred in times of capital availability whilst today’s financial collapse denies most people of the capital needed to emigrate. Migration remains limited to the few with social and cultural capital unaffected by the crisis. This article was prompted by the author’s observations of financial collapse whilst living in Lebanon in 2020 and long-standing engagement with the country. Regardless of whether mass emigration occurs, perhaps after the economy’s recapitalization, the displacement process already underway warrants attention from refugee and forced migration studies.