bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting the Undetected: Overcoming Biases in Gravitational-wave Population Studies
Authors: Raikman Ryan , Bavera Simone , Fragos Tassos 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In the flourishing field of gravitational-wave astronomy, accurately inferring binary black hole merger formation channels is paramount. The Bayesian hierarchical model selection analysis offers a promising methodology (see, e.g., “One Channel to Rule Them All”). However, recently, Cheng et al. highlighted a critical caveat: observed channels absent in known models can bias branching fraction estimates. In this research note, we introduce a test to detect missing channels in such analyses. Our findings show a commendable success rate in identifying these elusive channels. Yet, in scenarios where missing channels closely overlap with recognized ones, discerning the difference remains challenging.
Spectral Fit Residuals as an Indicator to Increase Model Complexity
Authors: Acharya Anshuman , Kashyap Vinay L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Spectral fitting of X-ray data usually involves minimizing statistics like the chi-square and the Cash statistic. Here we discuss their limitations and introduce two measures based on the cumulative sum (CuSum) of model residuals to evaluate whether model complexity could be increased: the percentage of bins exceeding a nominal threshold in a CuSum array (pctCuSum), and the excess area under the CuSum compared to the nominal (p
area). We demonstrate their use with an application to a Chandra ACIS spectral fit.
M31N 2013-10c: A Newly Identified Recurrent Nova in M31
Authors: Shafter Allen W. , Hornoch Kamil , Kučáková Hana , Fatka Petr , Zhao 赵 Jingyuan 经 远 , Gao 高 Xing 兴 , Yaqup 夏 Shahidin 伊丁·亚库普 , Zhong 钟 Tuhong 土 红 , Esamdin 艾 Ali 力·伊沙木丁 , Bai 白 Chunhai 春海 , Wang 王 Na 娜 , Benni Paul , Luo Aiden , Yousuf Ilana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The nova M31N 2023-11f (2023yoa) has been recently identified as the second eruption of a previously recognized nova, M31N 2013-10c, establishing the latter object as the 21st recurrent nova system thus far identified in M31. Here we present well sampled R-band lightcurves of both the 2013 and 2023 eruptions of this system. The photometric evolution of each eruption was quite similar as expected for the same progenitor system. The 2013 and 2023 eruptions each reached peak magnitudes just brighter than R ∼ 16, with fits to the declining branches of the eruptions yielding times to decline by two magnitudes of t
2(R) = 5.5 ± 1.7 and t
2(R) = 3.4 ± 1.5 days, respectively. M31N 2013-10c has an absolute magnitude at peak, M

R
= − 8.8 ± 0.2, making it the most luminous known recurrent nova in M31.
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy: long term results
Authors: De Oliveira Ricardo Santos 
Published: January 2024

Objective: Hydrocephalus is a major cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, with potentially severe consequences if left untreated hydrocephalus.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become the method of choice in the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus. However, age, ventricular anatomy, and etiology could determine success rates (SR) of ETV. The aim of this study was to identify putative factors that could influence the outcome of ETV in children.
Methods: Clinical data of 148 consecutive patients under 18 years of age who underwent 150 consecutive ETVs from January 2000 to January 2019 were reviewed. Data were analyzed with regards to clinical and radiological SR. The actual long-term SR was compared to that predicted by the ETV Success Score (ETVSS) model.
Results/Discussion: The study group included 63 males (43%) and 85 females (57%) ranging in age from 11 days to 18 years (mean age of, 6.17 ± 1.02 years; median age 4.5 years) at surgery. Concerning the etiology of hydrocephalus, tumors and aqueductal stenosis (AS) were the most frequently observed, with each occurring in 43 cases (29%), followed by malformations in 31 (21%), cystic lesions in 7 (5%) and other etiologies in 67 patients (16%). The overall SR at the first ETV attempt was 80% (118/148), compared to 74.8% (variance 14.35, 95% CI 69.37–78.22) predicted by the ETVSS. Regarding age, SR was 58% in patients under 6 months of age, 65% in children between 6 months and 1 year, and 86% in children older than 1 year. SR for AS and hydrocephalus associated with posterior fossa tumors were 88 and 90%, respectively. Unsatisfactory results were related to previous intraventricular hemorrhage and infection. The overall complication rate in this series was 13%.
The lower SR after ETV in young children may be explained by the poor CSF reabsorption capacity of newborn infants due to immaturity of the arachnoid granulations;
Univariate and multivariate analysis showed in our series that both the etiology of hydrocephalus and patient´s age group were relevant factors predicting success.
A literature review showed that SR in children under 6 months of age ranged from 32% to 45%, and in children older than one year it ranged from 56% to 71%. A few studies have analyzed the postoperative course and SR after a period of 3 years.
Conclusion: ETV is safe and effective in children. In this series, the age of the patient and etiology of hydrocephalus were related to SR. Also, the ETVSS was accurate to predict outcome. Intraventricular hemorrhage, previous CNS infection, myelomeningocele, prematurity and recurrent shunt revisions have been associated with high failure rates of ETV in all age groups, particularly in infants under 6 months of age. In a long-term follow-up, surgical experience was statistically significant in reducing complications.
A Philosophical Expose Towards A ‘God After God’
Authors: Onah Gregory Ajima , Ogar Thomas Eneji , Okoi Ibiang O. 
Published: January 2024

The escalation of violent incidents in recent times has brought religions to the forefront of world politics, resulting in a shift from their traditional role as conduits of divine revelation to becoming instruments of power and dominance. This phenomenon of kratophany exemplifies the manifestation of violence within religious contexts. The occurrence of violence may be attributed to the foundation of eschatological interpretations within various theological frameworks. The emergence of religious triumphalism and fundamentalism stemming from these theological perspectives has posed a significant danger to both world peace and ecumenical dialogue. The need for peace among faiths has transitioned from being a mere choice to an urgent necessity in contemporary times. The deity that is sought to be understood via the lens of eschatology is a divine being that exists in the future, sometimes referred to as an "after God." Hence, in order to get this comprehension, it is imperative to relinquish any remnants of onto-theological thought that now plague the eschatological analysis of religions. The violent interpretations of eschatologies used by Abrahamic faiths result in a significant loss of significance. The present research aims to address the hermeneutic context that poses a threat of religious violence. This intervention might be likened to Abraham getting Isaac back after first renouncing the notion of a violent sacrifice. In the present day, it is imperative for the Abrahamic faiths to discontinue the practise of harsh sacrifice and instead embrace the concept of peace as a valuable offering.
Аналіз робочого процесу суднового малообертового дизеля
Authors: Polovinka E.M. 
Published: January 2024

Проведено аналіз методів моделювання робочих процесів дизелів.У сфері сучасних методів розрахунку робочих процесів дизелів склалися два напрями: термодинамічних та чисельних методів. Останні ґрунтуються на вирішенні завдань механіки рідини та газу засобами комп'ютерного моделювання. Розрахунок процесу згоряння в термодинамічних моделях зводиться до визначення швидкості тепловиділення, яка залежить від швидкості згоряння палива dx/dφ. Встановлено невирішене завдання розрахунку згоряння палива з урахуванням реальних характеристик сумішоутворення та кінетики реакцій окиснення. Запропоновано робочу методику розрахунку характеристик тепловиділення за індикаторними діаграмами. При розробці методики розрахунку dx/dϕ прийнято такі припущення:

не враховані втрати на дисоціацію продуктів згоряння, що становлять умови згоряння в дизелі 0,2-0,7 %;
не проведено коригування нижчої теплоти згоряння на величину початкової температури продуктів реакції та зміну складу газової суміші, що становить 0,8 %.

Слід зазначити, що ці припущення частково компенсують один одного. Проведено обробку індикаторної діаграми суднового малообертового дизеля. Наступним етапом аналізу робочого процесу є дослідження процесу згоряння. Передбачено створення інформаційного середовища для фізико-хімічних процесів у циліндрі дизеля. При великому різноманітті уявлень про механізм формування факела, а також роль різних факторів у процесах сумішоутворення та згоряння базовим у всіх феноменологічних підходах є опис поведінки краплі розпиленого палива. З урахуванням цієї обставини аналіз, а згодом синтез робочого процесу виконано з урахуванням закономірностей прогріву і випаровування окремої краплі. Наведено методику аналізу процесів сумішоутворення та алгоритм підготовки даних для оцінки умов процесу згоряння. Використано комбінований підхід: поєднання феноменологічного та стохастичного методів. Кінцевим результатом аналізу процесу згоряння є визначення величини коефіцієнта швидкості хімічного реагування бімолекулярної схеми згоряння палива. Проведено аналіз характеристик сумішоутворення та згоряння по індикаторній діаграмі та осцилограмі паливоподачі дизеля. Отримано регресійні рівняння для коефіцієнта швидкості згоряння бімолекулярної реакції. Як визначальні прийняті чотири фактори: температура газів у циліндрі, сумарна частка згорілого палива, концентрація палива, підготовленого до згоряння та концентрація кисню. Коефіцієнт детермінації (множинний коефіцієнт кореляції) регресійної залежності становив R2 = 0,9169.
The use of intralesional epidermal growth factor in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: KURTULUŞ Burhan , AYDIN Erbil 
Published: January 2024

Aims: The mitogenic and cell protective effects of epidemal growth factor (EGF) in wound healing stimulate the growth, re-covering the surface of the wound area. In this research we tried to elucidate the effectiveness of intradermal EGF application on wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers regarding the fact that EGF can accelerate the formation of skin cover layer on the infected surface, even in relatively ischemic cases.
Methods: The data of 68 patients who applied to our institution’s orthopedics and wound care outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer, who underwent wound care, debridement and follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. All of the patients included in this study were classified as Wagner Stage III and Stage IV diabetic foot ulcers and were followed up with standard wound care. EGF application was initiated if there was not enough bleeding on the wound borders and defect floor after debridement.
Results: The rate of patients with 50% or more granulation in the second week of treatment in the groups was 35.7% (n=10) in the standard treatment group, it was 60% (n=24) in the EGF group (p
Comparison of low dose cytosine arabinoside, azacitidine and azacitidine venetoclax combination treatment as remission induction in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: CAN Ferda , YIKILMAZ Aysun , GOKCE Derda , GÜNEY Tekin , AKINCI Sema , BAKANAY Sule Mine , DİLEK İmdat 
Published: January 2024

Aims: Low-intensity therapies are widely preferred in the treatment of advanced age, fragile acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. In this study, we aimed to compare hematological recovery rates after first cycle chemotherapy and overall survival for advanced aged AML patients treated with azacitidine (AZA) or low dose cytosine arabinoside (LDCA) or venetoclax (Ven) with AZA combination.
Methods: Ninety-one patients were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Forty-one patients treated with LDCA, 30 patients treated with AZA and 20 patients treated with AZA+Ven were included in the study. Patients who received these three treatments and who achieved response and did not receive any other treatment during the follow-up period were included in the study. Median age at diagnosis was 70. The percentage of patients who achieved neutrophil recovery after the first cycle was 27%, 73% and 50% of the patients treated with LDCA, AZA and AZA+Ven respectively. The rate of patients who achieved platelet recovery was 60%, 80%, 70% respectively. Erythrocyte transfusion independency was 54% for LDCA patients, 73% for AZA patients and 60% for combination therapy. Overall survival was longer in patients receiving AZA+Ven than other treatment groups while grade 3-4 infections were more common in the first cycle of the treatment.
Conclusion: According to our study, patients treated with AZA had better platelet and neutrophil recovery rates with also longer overall survival than patients treated with LDCA, but total overall survival was superior in AZA+Ven combination. Hypomethylating agents with venetoclax is a preferable treatment option in elderly AML patients.
Prognostic accuracy of radiological scoring systems in acute pancreatitis: CTSI vs. mCTSI
Authors: ŞAHİN Emine Ayça , KİBİCİ Özge , HAVAN Nuri , ÖZDAMARLAR Umut 
Published: January 2024

Aims: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a complex and unpredictable clinical condition with variable outcomes. Early risk assessment is vital for tailored interventions and improved patient outcomes. The computed tomography severity index (CTSI) and modified computed tomography severity index (mCTSI) are radiological scoring systems used to evaluate AP severity.
Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study spanning from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, to compare CTSI and mCTSI in predicting mortality in AP. Data were retrieved from our institution’s electronic records for 266 eligible adult patients. Statistical analysis assessed the relationship between scoring systems, patient demographics, etiology, and mortality.
Results: Among the 266 patients, 9.4% died. Mortal patients were older (mean age: 72.09±15.12) than survivors (mean age: 59.93±16.93). The most common etiology was biliary pancreatitis (58.64%). mCTSI showed significant differences between the mortality and non-mortality groups (p=0.026), whereas CTSI did not (p=0.112). The ROC analysis for mCTSI yielded an area under the curve of 0.629, with a Youden index of 0.193 (p=0.044). A mCTSI cut-off of 3 had a sensitivity of 59.1% and specificity of 60.2%.
Conclusion: Advanced age and biliary etiology were associated with increased mortality. mCTSI demonstrated superiority in predicting mortality compared to CTSI.
Pelvic incidence effects pars interarticularis defect and spondylolisthesis
Authors: BESNEK Atakan 
Published: January 2024

Aims: Pars interarticularis defect (PID) is a common problem in society and may be accompanied with low back pain and radiculopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect it with high sensitivity. If left untreated, it may progress to spondylolisthesis. In this study, we wanted to emphasize the importance of the pelvic incidence (PI) angle in terms of following the development of spondylolisthesis after PID by examining the relationship between PID and spondylolisthesis and PI.
Methods: 118 patients who applied to Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital between 2021-2022 and underwent lumbar MRI were included in the study. The criteria for inclusion of patients in the study were the detection of a pars interarticularis defect on MRI, the ability to be evaluated by direct radiography or CT, and the ability to monitor the femoral head and sacrum in a way that PI could be measured. PI angle measurement was performed, confirmed by CT. The relationship between PID, spondylolisthesis and PI was examined.
Results: Of the 118 patients participating in the study, 77 (65.3%) were women and 41 (34.7%) were men. Pars defect was most commonly seen at the L5 level (67.8%). The average pelvic incidence angle is 64.2±8.6. Half of the patients were calculated as Meyerding grade 0 and 95.8% were treated medically. The median pelvic incidence angle value of patients without spondylolisthesis was found to be 58.0, the median pelvic incidence angle value of patients with a Meyerding grading of one was found to be 68.0, and the median value of the pelvic incidence angle of patients with a Meyerding grading of one was found to be 78.0 (p
Xanthos West Agora III: Dynastic Nele
Authors: DÖNMEZ Aytaç , ERDOĞAN Halil Mert 
Published: January 2024

Ksanthos Batı Agora kazılarından elde edilen yeni veriler, alanın işlevsel olarak ilk oluşumunun Ksanthos Hanedanlığı’nın kuruluşunun ardından MÖ 530-480 yılları civarında, Hanedan Kheziga (Kossika) ya da oğlu Kuprlli (Kybernis) zamanında gerçekleşmiş olabileceğini göstermektedir. Erken Klasik Dönem’e tarihlendirilen Avşar Tepesi agorası ile yaptığımız karşılaştırmalar, içerisinde ata kültü ritüellerinin, zafer kutlamalarının ve tanrılara tapınım amaçlı törenlerin yapılmış olduğuna epigrafik
ve arkeolojik kanıtlar bağlamında işaret edilen bu alanların Likya’ya özgü bir tasarı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar ile Oreshko’nun “nele akropolis” eşleştirmesi üzerinden yaptığımız karşılaştırmalar, beşinci yüzyıldan itibaren Yunanca yazıtlarda agora ve akropolis olarak adlandırılan bu iki ayrı mekânın, Likyalılar tarafından yalnızca bir alan olarak nele ismiyle adlandırılmış olabileceğini ortaya koyar. Dolayısıyla Likçe’de nele olarak adlandırılan bu alanların bir Yunan agorasından çok farklı özelliklere sahip olmaları, Yazıtlı Dikme Anıtı ve Kudalije Lahdi üzerinde sadece çeviri amaçlı agora olarak ifade edildiklerini göstermektedir. Ayrıca kutsal ve dini işlevi ilk sırada geldiği anlaşılan nele içerisinde tapınım gören agora tanrıları kültü, alanın erken varlığı da göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ilk olarak
Anadolu kültürü etkisinde oluşturulduğu ancak Klasik Dönem’de Atina’nın yoğun etkisi nedeniyle Yunan On İki Tanrısı ile eşleştirildiği düşünülmektedir.
The Problem of Piracy in Commercial Relations between the Ottoman State and the Kingdom of Two Sicilies (Sicilyateyn) between 1740 and 1804
Authors: YİRŞEN Reyhan 
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile ticaret yapmaya hak kazanmış olan devletlerin Akdeniz’de yaşadıkları en önemli sorunlarından birinin korsan saldırıları olduğu görünür. Osmanlı denizciliğine dair kaynaklar incelendiğinde Garp Ocakları ve Ülgün korsanlarının ticari gemilere sıklıkla saldırdıkları izlenmektedir. Söz konusu korsanlık
sorunu, Osmanlı Devleti-Sicilyateyn Krallığı arasındaki ticari ilişkilerde de belirgindir. Bu bağlamda iki ülke arasında imzalanan 1740 tarihli ticaret antlaşmasına korsan saldırıları karşısında Sicilyateyn tüccarlarının korunması ve zararlarının tazmin edilmesine dair hükümler konulmuştur. Ayrıca Sicilyateyn Krallığı Trablusgarp Ocağı ile 1741 yılında ayrı bir antlaşma imzalayarak uluslararası sularda tüccarlarının mal ve can güvenliğini korumak için önleyici bir hamlede bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma, Akdeniz’de Osmanlı Devleti ile Sicilyateyn Krallığı arasında korsanlık tehdidi altındaki ticari ilişkilerin durumunu Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ışığında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Three Periods of Antalya in the 19th Century
Authors: DAYAR Evren 
Published: January 2024

Bu makalede 19. yüzyıl Antalya’sının üç dönemi ele alınmıştır. 1814 ilâ 1840 arasına tarihlenen bu dönemlerden ilki, “ayanlar çağı”nın Doğu Akdeniz’deki önemli aktörlerinden olan Tekelioğlu Ailesi’nin başlattığı isyanın (1812-1814) bölgede yol açtığı gerilemeye ve başkentin gerileme sürecinin önüne geçme çabalarına sahne olmuştur. Ana hatlarıyla, 1840’lar ilâ 1890’lar arasına tarihlenen ikinci dönemde kent, Osmanlı coğrafyasındaki dış ticaretin hızla büyümesinin sonuçlarından faydalanmıştır. 1890’lardan sonra ise kentin tarihini ekonomik durgunluk ve bu dönemden itibaren etkileri daha fazla hissedilen cemaatler arası çekişmeler belirlemiştir. Bu dönemleştirmeden hareketle bu makale, 19. yüzyılda Antalya’nın tarihini, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun merkezileşme ve modernleşme çabaları açısından değerlendirme
ve Antalya’nın Doğu Akdeniz liman kentleri arasındaki statüsünü tespit etme girişimidir.
Sistemática Filogenética:
Authors: Carolina Soares Ana , Alberto Elias Marcelo , Sandro Barros de Souza Alex 
Published: January 2024

A sistemática filogenética, ou cladística, é o método de classificação dos seres vivos com base na ancestralidade genealógica e evolutiva das espécies, com isso desenvolvem relações hipotéticas entre ancestrais e descendentes, o que resulta em cladogramas e ou dendrogramas. Dessa forma, esse conteúdo está presente no currículo do ensino médio dentro do componente curricular de biologia e consequentemente é cobrado em diversos exames, dentre eles o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM. A prova pode alcançar diversos âmbitos, um deles é servir de referência para o aperfeiçoamento do currículo, podendo assim direcionar reformas educacionais. Considerando as implicações do exame, o objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em analisar o uso da sistemática filogenética na construção de questões de biologia, formuladas pelo ENEM. O período analisado compreendeu os anos de 2010 a 2020, como instrumento analítico foram utilizados princípios da análise de conteúdo. Diante disso, após a análise das questões foi possível identificar a presença de maneira bastante discreta dos conceitos de filogenética e cladística, alinhados com conceitos atuais. Contudo, os resultados encontrados nesta pesquisa, nos levam a inferir que os respectivos conceitos, por serem pouco cobrados no exame, podem vir a ser tornar invisibilizados no cotidiano do ensino de biologia da educação básica.
COMPARAÇÃO DA MICROBIOTA DAS MÃOS DE ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA DO 1° E 6° ANO
Authors: Avila Reis Ulisses , Garcia de Carvalho Ferreira Júlia , Viganó Lucas , Moreira Roque Luiz Felipe , Martins Renan , Tefé-Silva Cristiane , Furlani Zoccal Karina 
Published: January 2024

A principal via de transmissão de microrganismos ocorre através das mãos dos profissionais da saúde resultando em aumento das Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência a Saúde. Assim, o presente estudo visa comparar a microbiota das mãos dos estudantes do primeiro e do último ano do curso de Medicina de uma faculdade particular de Ribeirão Preto-SP, com a finalidade de observar se há alteração da microbiota no percurso acadêmico dos alunos, uma vez que, ao decorrer do curso, há a introdução do contato com ambientes de saúde. Foram analisadas amostras microbiológicas, coletadas com um swab estéril, das mãos de estudantes do 1º ano e do 6º do curso de Medicina. Os materiais foram semeados, incubados e devidamente identificados através da análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Dentre os isolados e identificados, a bactéria de maior prevalência foi o Staphylococcus aureus (100%), seguido de Staphylococcus coagulase negativa e bacilo gram-positivo. A diferença entre os alunos do primeiro e sexto ano foi relevante quando considerada a diferença do crescimento de espécies entre os dois. Além disso, verificamos que as bactérias apresentaram sensibilidade distinta entre os isolados de amostras dos alunos do 1º ano e do 6º. Notavelmente, as bactérias Staphylococcus aureus e Staphylococcus coagulase negativa apresentaram elevado índice de resistência para os antimicrobianos meropenem, ampicilina e ceftriaxona. Porém, apresentou 100% de sensibilidade à amoxilina + clavulanato, ceftriaxona, ciprofloxacina e vancomicina. Visto isso, nota-se a influência do contato hospitalar durante o curso de Medicina na microbiota das mãos, evidenciando a importância da higienização correta das mãos.