bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Catalytic Three‐Component Aminofluorination of Unactivated Alkenes with Electron‐Rich Amino Sources
Authors: Dong Junchao , Liang Yujie , Li Yang , Guan Wei , Zhang Qian , Fu Junkai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present herein a copper‐catalyzed three‐component aminofluorination of unactivated alkenes with N‐bromodialkylamines and readily available nucleophilic fluoride under the assistance of a bidentate auxiliary. This protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance toward a wide range of unactivated alkenes and N‐bromodialkylamines to furnish the corresponding β‐fluoroalkylamines in a highly regio‐ and diastereoselective manner. The appropriate choice of nucleophilic fluoro source is essential to make this reaction a reality. Further DFT calculations show that the exothermic ion exchange between external fluoride ion and Cu(II) intermediate provides additional driving force to the irreversible migratory insertion, which offsets the unfavorable reaction energetics associated with the subsequent C(sp3)–F reductive elimination. This finding offers a new avenue to catalytic intermolecular aminofluorination of unactivated alkenes with electron‐rich amino sources via a remarkable reductive elimination of Cu(III) species to forge the C(sp3)–F bonds.
Personalized Porous Gelatin Methacryloyl Sustained‐Release Nicotinamide Protects Against Noise‐Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Feng Baoyi , Dong Tingting , Song Xinyu , Zheng Xiaofei , Jin Chenxi , Cheng Zhenzhe , Liu Yiqing , Zhang Wenjie , Wang Xueling , Tao Yong , Wu Hao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThere are no Food and Drug Administration‐approved drugs for treating noise‐induced hearing loss (NIHL), reflecting the absence of clear specific therapeutic targets and effective delivery strategies. Noise trauma is demonstrated results in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) downregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in cochlear hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in mice, and NAD+ boosted by nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation maintains cochlear mitochondrial homeostasis and prevents neuroexcitatory toxic injury in vitro and ex vivo, also significantly ameliorated NIHL in vivo. To tackle the limited drug delivery efficiency due to sophisticated anatomical barriers and unique clearance pathway in ear, personalized NAM‐encapsulated porous gelatin methacryloyl (PGMA@NAM) are developed based on anatomy topography of murine temporal bone by micro‐computed tomography and reconstruction of round window (RW) niche, realizing hydrogel in situ implantation completely, NAM sustained‐release and long‐term auditory preservation in mice. This study strongly supports personalized PGMA@NAM as NIHL protection drug with effective inner ear delivery, providing new inspiration for drug‐based treatment of NIHL.
Decreased Expression of IL‐35 and Its Receptor Contributes to Impaired Megakaryopoiesis in the Pathogenesis of Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Cai Xuan , Gui Ruo‐Yun , Wu Jin , Wang Chen‐Cong , Zhu Xiao‐Lu , Fu Hai‐Xia , Zhang Xiao‐Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecent findings have shown that the level of interleukin‐35 (IL‐35) is abnormal in several autoimmune diseases. Nonetheless, whether IL‐35 participates in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains unclear. The current study investigates whether IL‐35 modulates megakaryopoiesis. The results show that IL‐35 receptors are progressively expressed on bone marrow megakaryocytes during the in vitro differentiation of CD34+ progenitors. IL‐35 increases the number of megakaryocyte colony‐forming units through the Akt pathway. The level of bone marrow IL‐35 is reduced in ITP patients, and the decreased level of IL‐35 may inhibit megakaryopoiesis. Then, the potential causes of decreased IL‐35 in ITP patients are explored. The primary type of cell that secretes IL‐35, known as IL‐35‐producing regulatory T cells (iTr35), is reduced in ITP patients. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from ITP patients exhibit an impaired capability of inducing iTr35 due to enhanced apoptosis, which may contribute to the reduced level of bone marrow IL‐35 in ITP patients. Iguratimod promotes megakaryocyte development and differentiation by elevating the expression of IL‐35 receptors on megakaryocytes. Iguratimod improves response rates and reduces bleeding symptoms in corticosteroid‐resistant ITP patients.
Cocktail Cell‐Reprogrammed Hydrogel Microspheres Achieving Scarless Hair Follicle Regeneration
Authors: Ji Shuaifei , Li Yingying , Xiang Lei , Liu Mingyue , Xiong Mingchen , Cui Wenguo , Fu Xiaobing , Sun Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe scar repair inevitably causes damage of skin function and loss of skin appendages such as hair follicles (HF). It is of great challenge in wound repair that how to intervene in scar formation while simultaneously remodeling HF niche and inducing in situ HF regeneration. Here, chemical reprogramming techniques are used to identify a clinically chemical cocktail (Tideglusib and Tamibarotene) that can drive fibroblasts toward dermal papilla cell (DPC) fate. Considering the advantage of biomaterials in tissue repair and their regulation in cell behavior that may contributes to cellular reprogramming, the artificial HF seeding (AHFS) hydrogel microspheres, inspired by the natural processes of “seeding and harvest”, are constructed via using a combination of liposome nanoparticle drug delivery system, photoresponsive hydrogel shell, positively charged polyamide modification, microfluidic and photocrosslinking techniques. The identified chemical cocktail is as the core nucleus of AHFS. In vitro and in vivo studies show that AHFS can regulate fibroblast fate, induce fibroblast‐to‐DPC reprogramming by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, finally promoting wound healing and in situ HF regeneration while inhibiting scar formation in a two‐pronged translational approach. In conclusion, AHFS provides a new and effective strategy for functional repair of skin wounds.
Theoretical Design and Synthesis of Caged Compounds Using X‐Ray‐Triggered Azo Bond Cleavage
Authors: Ogawara Koki , Inanami Osamu , Takakura Hideo , Saita Kenichiro , Nakajima Kohei , Kumar Sonu , Ieda Naoya , Kobayashi Masato , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Ogawa Mikako 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCaged compounds are frequently used in life science research. However, the light used to activate them is commonly absorbed and scattered by biological materials, limiting their use to basic research in cells or small animals. In contrast, hard X‐rays exhibit high bio‐permeability due to the difficulty of interacting with biological molecules. With the main goal of developing X‐ray activatable caged compounds, azo compounds are designed and synthesized with a positive charge and long π‐conjugated system to increase the reaction efficiency with hydrated electrons. The azo bonds in the designed compounds are selectively cleaved by X‐ray, and the fluorescent substance Diethyl Rhodamine is released. Based on the results of experiments and quantum chemical calculations, azo bond cleavage is assumed to occur via a two‐step process: a two‐electron reduction of the azo bond followed by N─N bond cleavage. Cellular experiments also demonstrate that the azo bonds can be cleaved intracellularly. Thus, caged compounds that can be activated by an azo bond cleavage reaction promoted by X‐ray are successfully generated.
Fully Reversible and Super‐Fast Photo‐Induced Morphological Transformation of Nanofilms for High‐Performance UV Detection and Light‐Driven Actuators
Authors: Liu Xiangquan , Hu Jiahui , Yang Jinglun , Peng Lingya , Tang Jiaqi , Wang Xiaohui , Huang Rongrong , Liu Jianfei , Liu Kaiqiang , Wang Tingyi , Liu Xiaoyan , Ding Liping , Fang Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFlexible and highly ultraviolet (UV) sensitive materials garner considerable attention in wearable devices, adaptive sensors, and light‐driven actuators. Herein, a type of nanofilms with unprecedented fully reversible UV responsiveness are successfully constructed. Building upon this discovery, a new system for ultra‐fast, sensitive, and reliable UV detection is developed. The system operates by monitoring the displacement of photoinduced macroscopic motions of the nanofilms based composite membranes. The system exhibits exceptional responsiveness to UV light at 375 nm, achieving remarkable response and recovery times of < 0.3 s. Furthermore, it boasts a wide detection range from 2.85 µW cm−2 to 8.30 mW cm−2, along with robust durability. Qualitative UV sensing is accomplished by observing the shape changes of the composite membranes. Moreover, the composite membrane can serve as sunlight‐responsive actuators for artificial flowers and smart switches in practical scenarios. The photo‐induced motion is ascribed to the cis–trans isomerization of the acylhydrazone bonds, and the rapid and fully reversible shape transformation is supposed to be a synergistic result of the instability of the cis‐isomers acylhydrazone bonds and the rebounding property of the networked nanofilms. These findings present a novel strategy for both quantitative and qualitative UV detection.
Photoactivatable Nanobody Conjugate Dimerizer Temporally Resolves Tiam1‐Rac1 Signaling Axis
Authors: Zhou Chengjian , He Huiping , Chen Xi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe precise spatiotemporal dynamics of protein activities play a crucial role in cell signaling pathways. To control cellular functions in a spatiotemporal manner, a powerful method called photoactivatable chemically induced dimerization (pCID) is used. In this study, photoactivatable nanobody conjugate inducers of dimerization (PANCIDs) is introduced, which combine pCID with nanobody technology. A PANCID consists of a nanobody module that directly binds to an antigenic target, a photocaged small molecule ligand, and a cyclic decaarginine (cR10*) cell‐penetrating peptide (CPP) for efficient nonendocytic intracellular delivery. Therefore, PANCID photodimerizers also benefit from nanobodies, such as their high affinities (in the nm or pm range), specificities, and ability to modulate endogenous proteins. Additionally it is demonstrated that the nanobody moiety can be easily replaced with alternative ones, expanding the potential applications. By using PANCIDs, the dynamics of the Tiam1‐Rac1 signaling cascade is investigated and made an interesting finding. It is found that Rac1 and Tiam1 exhibit distinct behaviors in this axis, acting as time‐resolved “molecular oscillators” that transit between different functions in the signaling cascade when activated either slowly or rapidly.
Gas‐Phase Electronic Structure of Phthalocyanine Ions: A Study of Symmetry and Solvation Effects
Authors: Bergmeister Stefan , Ganner Lisa , Ončák Milan , Gruber Elisabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch into and applications of phthalocyanines (Pc) are mostly connected to their intriguing electronic properties. Here, messenger‐type UV–vis spectroscopy of two metal‐free ions from the phthalocyanine family, cationic H2Pc+ and H2PcD+, along with their hydrates is performed. They show that the electronic properties of both ions can be traced to those in the conjugate base, Pc2–, however, they are affected by state splitting due to the reduced symmetry; in the H2Pc+ radical cation, a new band appears due to excitations into the singly‐occupied molecular orbital. Quantum chemical spectra modeling reproduces all important features of the measured spectra and provides insight into the nature of electronic transitions. Hydration of the ions has only a mild effect on the electronic spectra, showing the stability of the electronic structure with respect to solvation effects.
A Safe Organic/Inorganic Composite Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Yu , Zhou Kang , Kong Taoyi , Zhou Xing , Hao Yaming , Huang Xin , Xu Jie , Cheng Yuwen , Liu Haimei , Guo Ziyang , Wang Yonggang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), based on hard carbon anodes and Na+‐intercalation compound cathodes, have gained significant attention. Nonetheless, hard carbon anodes involve the storage of Na+ at a low potential, typically below 0.1 V (vs Na/Na+), which increases the risk of dendritic Na growth on the anode surface during overcharging. Herein, a safe organic/inorganic composite anode containing tetrasodium 3,4,9,10‐perylenetetracarboxylate (Na4PTC) and Metallic bismuth (Bi) with a weight ratio of 7:2, which exhibits an average potential of 0.7 V (vs Na+/Na) and a capacity of 150 mAh g−1 is proposed. The electrode reaction involves a reversible coordination reaction within the organic host and alloying reactions within the metallic Bi component. Importantly, the organic component efficiently buffers the volume changes in Bi during the alloying reaction, while the metallic Bi enhances the electronic conductivity of the organic material. As a result, this composite anode shows high cycle stability and rate performance, even under high mass loadings ranging from 10 to 50 mg cm−2. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Na‐ion full cell, consisting of the composite anode and the Na3V2O2(PO4)2F cathode, exhibits minimal capacity degradation over 100 cycles while maintaining a high areal capacity of 1.1 mA cm−2.
The current landscape of emergency medicine resident scheduling
Authors: Parsons Melissa , Mannix Alexandra , Gore Katarzyna , Rabalais Jeanne , Gottlieb Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and Residency Review Committee oversee resident physician work hours with additional specifics for U.S. emergency medicine (EM) residency programs. While there are maximum work hours, the regulatory bodies do not describe minimum work hours to achieve competency, leading to variable scheduling practices. This study aimed to understand the current landscape of U.S. EM residency scheduling given the expansion of programs, evolution of policies, and increased emphasis on wellness.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study to assess current strategies of U.S. EM residency scheduling. The RedCap survey was sent to all ACGME‐accredited EM residency programs across the United States via individualized emails between January 10, 2023, and March 15, 2023. Data were combined using Microsoft Excel.ResultsA total of 138 of 278 (50%) programs responded to the survey. A total of 73.2% of programs were using thirteen 28‐day blocks with the remainder using twelve 1‐month blocks or reported “other” block scheduling. The number of blocks in the ED increases with each postgraduate year (PGY). For PGY‐1 through PGY‐3, the most commonly used shift duration was 9 h. The mean total shifts per ED block and hours worked per ED block are as follows: 19 shifts and 185.1 h (PGY‐1), 18.2 shifts and 173.9 h (PGY‐2), 17.3 shifts and 163.6 h (PGY‐3), and 14.8 shifts and 157.2 h (PGY‐4). Programs provide a median for 4 weeks of vacation per year of residency.ConclusionsGiven the expansion of U.S. EM residency programs, we reevaluated the landscape of resident scheduling. We described scheduling patterns related to night shifts, vacations, requested time off, conference coverage, charting time, and circadian rhythms. Programs should utilize these data as a starting point for setting a clinical experience for their residents.
Nitrogenous Intermediates in NOx‐involved Electrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Jia Shunhan , Wu Limin , Liu Hanle , Wang Ruhan , Sun Xiaofu , Han Buxing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemical manufacturing utilizing renewable sources and energy emerges as a promising path towards sustainability and carbon neutrality. The electrocatalytic reactions involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) offered a potential strategy for synthesizing various nitrogenous chemicals. However, it is currently hindered by low selectivity/efficiency and limited reaction pathways, mainly due to the difficulties in controllable generation and utilization of nitrogenous intermediates. In this minireview, focusing on nitrogenous intermediates in NOx‐involved electrocatalytic reactions, we discuss newly developed methodologies for studying and controlling the generation, conversion, and utilizing of nitrogenous intermediates, which enable recent developments in NOx‐involved electrocatalytic reactions that yield various products, including ammonia (NH3), organonitrogen molecules, and nitrogenous compounds exhibiting unconventional oxidation states. Furthermore, we also make an outlook to highlight future directions in the emerging field of NOx‐involved electrocatalytic reactions.
Innovations in dengue virus detection: An overview of conventional and electrochemical biosensor approaches
Authors: Raza Shadan , Poria Renu , Kala Deepak , Sharma Nishant , Sharma Anil K. , Florien Nkurunziza , Tuli Hardeep S. , Kaushal Ankur , Gupta Shagun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobally, people are in great threat due to the highly spreading of viral infectious diseases. Every year like 100–300 million cases of infections are found, and among them, above 80% are not recognized and irrelevant. Dengue virus (DENV) is an arbovirus infection that currently infects people most frequently. DENV encompasses four viral serotypes, and they each express comparable sign. From a mild febrile sickness to a potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue can induce a variety of symptoms. Presently, the globe is being challenged by the untimely identification of dengue infection. Therefore, this review summarizes advances in the detection of dengue from conventional methods (nucleic acid‐based, polymerase chain reaction‐based, and serological approaches) to novel biosensors. This work illustrates an extensive study of the current designs and fabrication approaches involved in the formation of electrochemical biosensors for untimely identifications of dengue. Additionally, in electrochemical sensing of DENV, we skimmed through significances of biorecognition molecules like lectins, nucleic acid, and antibodies. The introduction of emerging techniques such as the CRISPR/Cas’ system and their integration with biosensing platforms has also been summarized. Furthermore, the review revealed the importance of electrochemical approach compared with traditional diagnostic methods.
Construction and characterization of a promoter library with varying strengths to enhance acetoin production from xylose in Serratia marcescens
Authors: Liu Jie , Liu Di , Sun Tingting , Fan Tai‐Ping , Cai Yujie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSerratia marcescens is utilized as a significant enterobacteria in the production of various high‐value secondary metabolites. Acetoin serves as a crucial foundational compound of development and finds application in a broad range of fields. Furthermore, S. marcescens HBQA‐7 is capable of utilizing xylose as its exclusive carbon source for acetoin production. The objective of this study was to utilize a constitutive promoter screening strategy to enhance both xylose utilization and acetoin production in S. marcescens HBQA‐7. By utilizing RNA‐seq, we identified the endogenous constitutive promoter P6 that is the most robust, which facilitated the overexpression of the sugar transporter protein GlfL445I, α‐acetyl lactate synthase, and α‐acetyl lactate decarboxylase, respectively. The resultant recombinant strains exhibited enhanced xylose utilization rates and acetoin yields. Subsequently, a recombinant plasmid, denoted as pBBR1MCS‐P6‐glfL445IalsSalsD, was constructed, simultaneously expressing the aforementioned three genes. The resulting recombinant strain, designated as S3, demonstrated a 1.89‐fold boost in xylose consumption rate compared with the original strain during shake flask fermentation. resulting in the accumulation of 7.14 g/L acetoin in the final fermentation medium. Subsequently, in a 5 L fermenter setup, the acetoin yield reached 48.75 g/L, corresponding to a xylose‐to‐acetoin conversion yield of 0.375 g/g.
A Mutagen Acts as a Potent Reducing Agent of Glycated Hemoglobin: a Combined Ultrafast Electron Transfer and Computational Studies
Authors: Roy Lopamudra , Pan Nivedita , Ghosh Ria , Hasan Md. Nur , Mondal Susmita , Banerjee Amrita , Das Monojit , Sen Oyshi , Bhattacharya Kallol , Chattopadhyay Arpita , Pal Samir Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlycated hemoglobin (GHb) found in mammals undergoes irreversible damage when exposed to external redox agents, which is much more vulnerable than its normal counterpart hemoglobin (Hb). Besides the oxygen regulation throughout the body, Hb plays a vital role in balancing immunological health and the redox cycle. Photoinduced ultra‐fast electron transfer phenomena actively participate in regulation of various kind of homeostasis involved in such biomacromolecules. In the present study we have shown that a well‐known mutagen Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) reduces GHb in femtosecond time scale (efficiently) upon photoexcitation after efficient recognition in the biomolecule. We have performed similar experiment by colocalizing EtBr and Iron (Fe(III)) on the micellar surface as Hb mimic in order to study the excited state EtBr dynamics to rationalize the time scale obtained from EtBr in GHb and Hb. While other experimental techniques including Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, absorbance and emission spectroscopy have been employed for the confirmation of structural perturbation of GHb compared to Hb, a detailed computational studies involving molecular docking and density functional theory (DFT) have been employed for the explanation of the experimental observations.
Structural‐Functional Correlations between Unique N‐terminal Region and C‐terminal Conserved Motif in Short‐chain cis‐Prenyltransferase from Tomato
Authors: Imaizumi Riki , Matsuura Hiroaki , Yanai Taro , Takeshita Kohei , Misawa Shuto , Yamaguchi Haruhiko , Sakai Naoki , Miyagi‐Inoue Yukino , Suenaga‐Hiromori Miki , Waki Toshiyuki , Kataoka Kunishige , Nakayama Toru , Yamamoto Masaki , Takahashi Seiji , Yamashita Satoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNeryl diphosphate (C10) synthase (NDPS1), a homodimeric soluble cis‐prenyltransferase from tomato, contains four disulfide bonds, including two inter‐subunit S−S bonds in the N‐terminal region. Mutagenesis studies demonstrated that the S−S bond formation affects not only the stability of the dimer but also the catalytic efficiency of NDPS1. Structural polymorphs in the crystal structures of NDPS1 complexed with its substrate and substrate analog were identified by employing massive data collections and hierarchical clustering analysis. Heterogeneity of the C‐terminal region, including the conserved RXG motifs, was observed in addition to the polymorphs of the binding mode of the ligands. One of the RXG motifs covers the active site with an elongated random coil when the ligands are well‐ordered. Conversely, the other RXG motif was located away from the active site with a helical structure. The heterogeneous C‐terminal regions suggest alternating structural transitions of the RXG motifs that result in closed and open states of the active sites. Site‐directed mutagenesis studies demonstrated that the conserved glycine residue cannot be replaced. We propose that the putative structural transitions of the order/disorder of N‐terminal regions and the closed/open states of C‐terminal regions may cooperate and be important for the catalytic mechanism of NDPS1.