bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Responses of Spring and Summer Potato to Climate Change in South Korea
Authors: Kim Yean-Uk , Webber Heidi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper assessed the effects of climate change and planting date adjustment on spring and summer potato in South Korea for the period 2061–2090. The study applied the SUBSTOR-Potato model and outputs of 24 general circulation models to capture future variability in climate conditions for four shared socioeconomic pathway-representative concentration pathway scenarios. Without planting date adjustment, tuber yield was projected to increase by approximately 20% for spring and summer potato, indicating that the CO2 fertilization effect would offset the adverse effect of rising temperature. The effect of planting date adjustment was significant only for spring potato, where overall climate change impact with the optimized planting date was approximately  +60%. For spring potato, the effects of rising temperature were bidirectional: temperature increases early in the year extended the growing season, whereas the higher temperature increases in June under the most severe climate change condition accelerated leaf senescence and reduced tuber bulking rate. Based on these results, different adaptation strategies could be established for spring potato for different climate change conditions. For example, developing frost-tolerant cultivars would continue to be recommended to plant earlier under the mild climate change conditions, whereas breeding mid-late maturity cultivars with high-temperature tolerance would be needed to delay senescence and enhance late tuber growth under the severe climate change conditions. Unlike spring potato, the breeding goal for summer potato of increasing high-temperature tolerance holds across all climate change conditions. Finally, these optimistic results should be interpreted with caution as the current model does not fully capture the effect of high-temperature episodes and the interactive effect between CO2 and temperature, which may reduce beneficial projected climate change impacts.
Deep learning-based osteochondritis dissecans detection in ultrasound images with humeral capitellum localization
Authors: Sasaki Kenta , Fujita Daisuke , Takatsuji Kenta , Kotoura Yoshihiro , Minami Masataka , Kobayashi Yusuke , Sukenari Tsuyoshi , Kida Yoshikazu , Takahashi Kenji , Kobashi Syoji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral capitellum is a common cause of elbow disorders, particularly among young throwing athletes. Conservative treatment is the preferred treatment for managing OCD, and early intervention significantly influences the possibility of complete disease resolution. The purpose of this study is to develop a deep learning-based classification model in ultrasound images for computer-aided diagnosis.

Methods
This paper proposes a deep learning-based OCD classification method in ultrasound images. The proposed method first detects the humeral capitellum detection using YOLO and then estimates the OCD probability of the detected region probability using VGG16. We hypothesis that the performance will be improved by eliminating unnecessary regions. To validate the performance of the proposed method, it was applied to 158 subjects (OCD: 67, Normal: 91) using five-fold-cross-validation.

Results
The study demonstrated that the humeral capitellum detection achieved a mean average precision (mAP) of over 0.95, while OCD probability estimation achieved an average accuracy of 0.890, precision of 0.888, recall of 0.927, F1 score of 0.894, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.962. On the other hand, when the classification model was constructed for the entire image, accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC were 0.806, 0.806, 0.932, 0.843, and 0.928, respectively. The findings suggest the high-performance potential of the proposed model for OCD classification in ultrasonic images.

Conclusion
This paper introduces a deep learning-based OCD classification method. The experimental results emphasize the effectiveness of focusing on the humeral capitellum for OCD classification in ultrasound images. Future work should involve evaluating the effectiveness of employing the proposed method by physicians during medical check-ups for OCD.
RGA: a unified measure of predictive accuracy
Authors: Giudici Paolo , Raffinetti Emanuela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA key point to assess statistical forecasts is the evaluation of their predictive accuracy. Recently, a new measure, called Rank Graduation Accuracy (RGA), based on the concordance between the ranks of the predicted values and the ranks of the actual values of a series of observations to be forecast, was proposed for the assessment of the quality of the predictions. In this paper, we demonstrate that, in a classification perspective, when the response to be predicted is binary, the RGA coincides both with the AUROC and the Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney statistic, and can be employed to evaluate the accuracy of probability forecasts. When the response to be predicted is real valued, the RGA can still be applied, differently from the AUROC, and similarly to measures such as the RMSE. Differently from the RMSE, the RGA measure evaluates point predictions in terms of their ranks, rather than in terms of their values, improving robustness.
Revisional One-Step Bariatric Surgical Techniques After Unsuccessful Laparoscopic Gastric Band: A Retrospective Cohort Study with 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Hany Mohamed , Zidan Ahmed , Ibrahim Mohamed , Sabry Ahmed , Agayby Ann Samy Shafiq , Mourad Mohamed , Torensma Bart 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) has high reported rates of revision due to poor weight loss (WL) and high complication rates. Yet, there is yet to be a consensus on the best revisional procedure after unsuccessful LAGB, and studies comparing different revisional procedures after LAGB are still needed.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study that compared the outcomes of one-step revisional Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (rRYGB), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (rOAGB), or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (rLSG) after LAGB. WL, complications, resolution of associated medical conditions, and food tolerance were assessed with a post hoc pairwise comparison one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) throughout a 2-year follow-up.

Results
The final analysis included 102 (rRYGB), 80 (rOAGB), and 70 (rLSG) patients. After 2 years, an equal percentage of excess weight loss was observed in rOAGB and rRYGB (both >90%; p=0.998), significantly higher than that in rLSG (83.6%; p<0.001). In our study, no leaks were observed. rRYGB had higher complication rates according to the Clavien-Dindo classification (10.8% vs. 3.75% and 5.7% in rOAGB and rLSG, respectively, p=0.754), and re-operations were not statistically significant. Food tolerance was comparable between rOAGB and rRYGB (p = 0.987), and both had significantly better food tolerance than rLSG (p<0.001). The study cohorts had comparable resolution rates for associated medical problems (p>0.60).

Conclusion
rOAGB and rRYGB had better outcomes after LAGB than rLSG regarding WL, feasibility, food tolerance, and safety. rOAGB had significantly higher rates of nutritional deficiencies.

Graphical Abstract
Facile microwave-assisted preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported on carbonized cellulose nanocrystals derived from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Mkumbuzi Emmanuel , van Zyl Werner E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrowave energy is an efficient form of energy used to speed up the synthesis of nanoparticles. Herein, we report the use of an unmodified domestic microwave oven to prepare magnetic spherical Fe3O4 (magnetite) nanoparticles (IONPs) supported on carbonized cellulose nanocrystals, forming a nanocomposite, in an expeditious and facile one-step reaction. This was achieved using the readily available precursors of FeCl3 as an iron source, and sugarcane bagasse, using activated charcoal as a microwave absorber. The nanocomposite was characterized using Raman spectroscopy which suggested a degree of crystallinity based on a G/D ratio of 1.25. The morphology of the Fe3O4/carbonized cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposite was characterized as spherical metallic nanoparticles supported on carbonized cellulose nanocrystals using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEM, and EDX, while the identity of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was confirmed with powder XRD.
Graphical Abstract
Impact of low pneumoperitoneum on renal function and acute kidney injury biomarkers during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP): a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Alhusseinawi Hayder , Sander Lotte , Handberg Aase , Rasmussen Rikke W. , Kingo Pernille S. , Jensen Jørgen B. , Rasmussen Sten 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of low pneumoperitoneum pressure (Pnp) on renal function and renal injury biomarkers during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). A single-centre, triple-blinded, randomised clinical trial was conducted with 98 patients undergoing RARP, who were assigned to either standard Pnp of 12 mmHg or low Pnp of 7 mmHg. The primary outcome was urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (u-NGAL), and several other kidney injury biomarkers were assessed as secondary outcomes. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was evaluated using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, the gold standard method for defining AKI. The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04755452). Patients in the low Pnp group had significantly lower levels of u-NGAL (mean difference − 39.9, 95% CI − 73.7 to − 6.1, p = 0.02) compared to the standard Pnp group. No significant differences were observed for other urinary biomarkers. Interestingly, there was a significant difference in intraoperative urine production between the groups (low Pnp median: 200 mL, IQR: 100–325 vs. standard Pnp median: 100 mL, IQR: 50–200, p = 0.01). Similarly, total postoperative urine production also varied significantly (low Pnp median: 1325 mL, IQR: 1025–1800 vs. standard Pnp median: 1000 mL, IQR: 850–1287, p = 0.001). The occurrence of AKI, as defined by the KDIGO criteria, did not differ significantly between the groups. Low Pnp during RARP resulted in lower u-NGAL levels, suggesting a potential benefit in terms of reduced renal injury. However, the lack of a notable difference in AKI as defined by the KDIGO criteria indicates that the clinical significance of this finding may be limited. Further research is needed to validate and expand on these results, ultimately defining the optimal Pnp strategy for RARP and improving patient outcomes.
Efficacy of different routes of vitamin B12 supplementation for the treatment of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Abdelwahab Omar Ahmed , Abdelaziz Ahmed , Diab Sherein , khazragy Ali , Elboraay Toka , Fayad Taha , Diab Rehab Adel , Negida Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the three different administration routes of vitamin B12: oral, intramuscular (IM), and sublingual (SL) routes.

Methods
We searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials). We included only comparative studies. We performed a frequentist network meta-analysis to measure network estimates for the relative outcomes. Moreover, we conducted a pairwise meta-analysis using a random effect model to obtain direct estimates for outcomes. All outcomes were continuous, and the relative treatment effects were pooled as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 4275 patients. Regarding increasing vitamin B12 levels, the IM route ranked first, followed by the SL route (MD = 94.09 and 43.31 pg/mL, respectively) compared to the oral route. However, these differences did not reach statistical significance owing to the limited number of studies. Regarding the hemoglobin level, the pooled effect sizes showed no difference between all routes of administration that could reach statistical significance. However, the top two ranked administration routes were the oral route (78.3) and the IM route (49.6).

Conclusion
All IM, oral, and SL routes of administration of vitamin B12 can effectively increase the level of vitamin B12 without significant differences between them, as thought previously. However, the IM route was the top-ranked statistically but without clinical significance. We found no significant difference among studied administrated routes in all other CBC parameters and homocysteine levels.

Graphical Abstract
Changing ecological environment before and after coastline filling designs
Authors: Kahveci Hilal , Onur Makbulenur 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCoastlines are tectonically active places with an impact on physical as well as social and economic restructuring of cities. They play an essential role in the development of urban areas. Furthermore, coastal environments may offer important health benefits. They may also present numerous threats to human health and well-being time to time. With the rapid urbanization in coastal cities, the lack of urban green space and transportation problems have emerged recently, and the cities have grown towards the sea by coastal filling areas as a solution. Especially the construction of highway on the coastline in the Black Sea region of Turkey has adversely impacted relationship between the people and the sea in the city of Trabzon. In this study, initially a literature review was conducted and parameters were specified for coastline usages. A survey study was conducted with 140 individuals who actively use the coastline in the city of Trabzon, in order to specify the past and current coastline usages. The evaluation of the past and current usage shows that people want to meet the sea but feel uncomfortable with the landscape with the fillings. According to the Anova test, the unmodified form of area was chosen to ‘have a more natural landscape (5.77)’ while the modified form of area was preferred ‘to be renovated (4.12)’. This highlights the users’ longing for the past. Therefore, authorities need to address the impact of differences between parameters in depth on the usage of the area on the coastal landscape. Coastal ecology solutions should also be produced with the ecological design approaches.
Use of AI Language Engine ChatGPT 4.0 to Write a Scientific Review Article Examining the Intersection of Alzheimer’s Disease and Bone
Authors: Margetts Tyler J. , Karnik Sonali J. , Wang Hannah S. , Plotkin Lilian I. , Oblak Adrian L. , Fehrenbacher Jill C. , Kacena Melissa A. , Movila Alexandru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This Comment represents three review articles on the relationship between Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, and fracture in an exploration of the benefits that AI can provide in scientific writing. The first drafts of the articles were written (1) entirely by humans; (2) entirely by ChatGPT 4.0 (AI-only or AIO); and (3) by humans and ChatGPT 4.0 whereby humans selected literature references, but ChatGPT 4.0 completed the writing (AI-assisted or AIA). Importantly, each review article was edited and carefully checked for accuracy by all co-authors resulting in a final manuscript which was significantly different from the original draft.

Recent Findings
The human-written article took the most time from start to finish, the AI-only article took the least time, and the AI-assisted article fell between the two. When comparing first drafts to final drafts, the AI-only and AI-assisted articles had higher percentages of different text than the human article. The AI-only paper had a higher percentage of incorrect references in the first draft than the AI-assisted paper. The first draft of the AI-assisted article had a higher similarity score than the other two articles when examined by plagiarism identification software.

Summary
This writing experiment used time tracking, human editing, and comparison software to examine the benefits and risks of using AI to assist in scientific writing. It showed that while AI may reduce total writing time, hallucinations and plagiarism were prevalent issues with this method and human editing was still necessary to ensure accuracy.
Preferential cannibalism as a key stabilizing mechanism of intraguild predation systems with trophic polymorphic predators
Authors: Woodie Clara A. , Anderson Kurt E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTheory predicts intraguild predation (IGP) to be unstable despite its ubiquity in nature, prompting exploration of stabilizing mechanisms of IGP. One of the many ways IGP manifests is through inducible trophic polymorphisms in the intraguild (IG) predator, where a resource-eating predator morph competes with the intraguild (IG) prey for the shared resource while a top predator morph consumes the IG prey. Cannibalism is common in this type of system due to the top predator morph’s specialization on the trophic level below it, which includes the resource-eating predator morph. Here, we explore the consequences of inducible trophic polymorphisms in cannibal predators for IGP stability using an IGP model with and without cannibalism. We employ linear stability analysis and identify regions of coexistence based on the top predator morph’s preference for conspecifics vs. heterospecifics and the IG prey’s competitive ability relative to the resource-eating morph. Our findings reveal that preferential cannibalism (i.e., the preferential consumption of conspecifics) stabilizes the system when the IG prey and resource-eating morph have similar competitive abilities for the shared resource. Though original IGP theory finds that the IG prey must be a superior resource competitor as a general criterion for coexistence, this is not typically the case when the predator has an inducible trophic polymorphism and the resource-eating morph is specialized in resource acquisition. Preferential cannibalism may therefore be a key stabilizing mechanism in IGP systems with a cannibalistic, trophic polymorphic IG predators, providing further insight into what general mechanisms stabilize the pervasive IGP interaction.
Estimation of water balance components by Noah-MP land surface model for the Neyshaboor watershed, Khorasan Razavi, Iran
Authors: Mirshafee Samira , Ansari Hossein , Davary Kamran , Ziaei Ali-Naghi , Faridhosseini Alireza , Choi Yong-Sang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe numerical modeling of the land surface can make up for the insufficient station data in terms of number, dispersion, and temporal continuity. In this research, to evaluate the Noah-MP land surface model, the water balance components were estimated in the Neyshaboor watershed in the monthly time step during 2000–2009. Model input data were obtained from the global land data assimilation system version 1 (GLDAS-1), and the SWAT (soil and water assessment tool, a semi-distributed for small watershed to river basin-scale model) model output was used for the evaluation of the Noah-MP model. In this study, the ability of the Noah-MP model in simulating vegetation dynamically was studied. The precipitation was corrected before running the model for a more reliable evaluation. The time between 2000 and 2001 was considered a spin-up period and 2002–2009 for calibration and validation. The model has the best simulation in the mountainous areas; the runoff simulated by the Noah-MP model is in good agreement with the modeled runoff by SWAT in these areas. (R2 = 0.78, NSE = 0.62, RMSE = 1.98 m3/s). The R2 for simulated soil moisture for soil layers (0–10, 10–40 cm) was 0.62 and 0.57, and RMSE was 0.059 (m3/m3) and 0.052 (m3/m3), respectively, in Motamedieh field. The annual amount of evapotranspiration estimated by the two models is comparable to the average annual evapotranspiration in the watershed (about 300 mm). Based on the results from the research, the model has well simulated: the runoff in the mountainous areas, the moisture in the upper layer of the soil, and the average annual evapotranspiration in the study area.
Improving cognitive function with intermittent dose escalation of curcumin extract in chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Putri Laksmidewi Anak Agung Ayu , Mahendra I. Nyoman Bayu , Soejitno Andreas , Vania Aurelia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is an impairment of memory, learning power, concentration, reasoning, executive function, attention, and visuospatial during and after chemotherapy exposures. No proven safe and effective therapeutic regimen are available to improve cognitive function in CICI patients. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of curcumin extract to improve cognitive function in CICI patients. This study was a double-blind randomized controlled trial clinical trial in patients with cervical carcinoma who underwent a carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen from March to October 2021 at single center hospital. Subjects divided into two groups that received curcumin and placebo caplets by dose escalation method from 240 to 400 mg intermittently (14 days on and 7 days off) between chemotherapy cycles. Cognitive function was evaluated pre- and post-therapy using the AFI questionnaire, Stroop test, and MoCA-Ina. A total of 78 subjects were equally divided into the treatment and control groups. The percentage of drop-out, mortality, and adverse drug response were relatively comparable between each treatment arm. The group of subjects receiving curcumin extract experienced clinically and statistically significant improvements in cognitive function based on the Stroop test (∆ median 8.57 vs. 2.46; Z − 4.503 vs. − 1.762; p  < 0.0001 vs. 0.078) and MoCA- Ina (∆ mean 1.53 vs. 0.72; Z − 2.99 vs. − 2.05; p < 0.003 vs. 0.04) versus placebo in between-group and between-subject analyses, respectively. Administration of curcumin extract with intermittent dose escalation regimen proved to be safe and able to improve cognitive function of CICI patients clinically and statistically significant.
Eco-friendly removal of methyl tert-butyl ether from contaminated water using steam and CO2-activated carbons
Authors: Bakry M. , El-Azab W. I. , El-Fiqi A. , Ebiad M. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPetrol frequently contains the additive methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Because of its significant health risks, MTBE pollution of surface and ground water is a severe concern for the environment. Highly porous physically activated carbons, particularly CO2-activated carbon (CO2-AC) and steam-activated carbon (Steam-AC), were obtained from date stones as potential eco-friendly adsorbents for MTBE from contaminated water. The chemical composition, microstructure, textural, and structural characteristics of adsorbents were characterised by elemental analysis, SEM, N2 sorption, XRD, and FTIR. The adsorption process evaluation based on the initial MTBE concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, and equilibrium contact time. CO2-AC and steam-AC adsorbents have high surface areas of 819.5 m2/g, and 567.7 m2/g, respectively. At 40 °C, CO2-AC has an adsorption capability of 181.36 mg/g. The adsorption result was best fitted by the Freundlich model. The two-step intraparticle diffusion process prevailed the adsorption process, and the pseudo-second-order model presented an optimal fit for the adsorption kinetics models. Spontaneous physical adsorption was endothermic when CO2-AC adsorbs at 40 °C because ∆G was − 6.34 kJ/mol. Finally, the water quality improved and the salt content, the alkalinity, and the hardness decreased with the use of CO2-AC as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for removing MTBE from the polluted water.