bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclogenesis in the Tropical Atlantic: First Scientific Highlights from the Clouds–Atmospheric Dynamics–Dust Interactions in West Africa (CADDIWA) Field Campaign
Authors: Flamant Cyrille , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre , Delanoë Julien , Gaetani Marco , Jamet Cédric , Lavaysse Christophe , Bock Olivier , Borne Maurus , Cazenave Quitterie , Coutris Pierre , Cuesta Juan , Menut Laurent , Aubry Clémantyne , Benedetti Angela , Bosser Pierre , Bounissou Sophie , Caudoux Christophe , Collomb Hélène , Donal Thomas , Febvre Guy , Fehr Thorsten , Fink Andreas H. , Formenti Paola , Araujo Nicolau Gomes , Knippertz Peter , Lecuyer Eric , Andrade Mateus Neves , Langué Cédric Gacial Ngoungué , Jonville Tanguy , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Takeishi Azusa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the boreal summer, mesoscale convective systems generated over West Africa propagate westward and interact with African easterly waves, and dust plumes transported from the Sahel and Sahara by the African easterly jet. Once off West Africa, the vortices in the wake of these mesoscale convective systems evolve in a complex environment sometimes leading to the development of tropical storms and hurricanes, especially in September when sea surface temperatures are high. Numerical weather predictions of cyclogenesis downstream of West Africa remains a key challenge due to the incomplete understanding of the clouds–atmospheric dynamics–dust interactions that limit predictability. The primary objective of the Clouds–Atmospheric Dynamics–Dust Interactions in West Africa (CADDIWA) project is to improve our understanding of the relative contributions of the direct, semidirect, and indirect radiative effects of dust on the dynamics of tropical waves as well as the intensification of vortices in the wake of offshore mesoscale convective systems and their evolution into tropical storms over the North Atlantic. Airborne observations relevant to the assessment of such interactions (active remote sensing, in situ microphysics probes, among others) were made from 8 to 21 September 2021 in the tropical environment of Sal Island, Cape Verde. The environments of several tropical cyclones, including Tropical Storm Rose, were monitored and probed. The airborne measurements also serve the purpose of regional model evaluation and the validation of spaceborne wind, aerosol and cloud products pertaining to satellite missions of the European Space Agency and EUMETSAT (including the Aeolus, EarthCARE, and IASI missions).
Observational Evidence of Cold Filamentary Intensification in an Energetic Meander of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Authors: Jakes Maya I. , Phillips Helen E. , Foppert Annie , Cyriac Ajitha , Bindoff Nathaniel L. , Rintoul Stephen R. , Thompson Andrew F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Eddy stirring at mesoscale oceanic fronts generates finescale filaments, visible in submesoscale-resolving model simulations and high-resolution satellite images of sea surface temperature, ocean color, and sea ice. Submesoscale filaments have widths of O(1–10) km and evolve on time scales of hours to days, making them extremely challenging to observe. Despite their relatively small scale, submesoscale processes play a key role in the climate system by providing a route to dissipation; altering the stratification of the ocean interior; and generating strong vertical velocities that exchange heat, carbon, nutrients, and oxygen between the mixed layer and the ocean interior. We present a unique set of in situ and satellite observations in a standing meander region of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) that supports the theory of cold filamentary intensification—revealing enhanced vertical velocities and evidence of subduction and ventilation associated with finescale cold filaments. We show that these processes are not confined to the mixed layer; EM-APEX floats reveal enhanced downward velocities (>100 m day−1) and evidence of ageostrophic motion extending as deep as 1600 dbar, associated with a ∼20-km-wide cold filament. A finer-scale (∼5 km wide) cold filament crossed by a towed Triaxus is associated with anomalous chlorophyll and oxygen values extending at least 100–200 dbar below the base of the mixed layer, implying recent subduction and ventilation. Energetic standing meanders within the weakly stratified ACC provide an environment conductive to the generation of finescale filaments that can transport water mass properties across mesoscale fronts and deep into the ocean interior.
Detection of Superrefraction at the Top of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer from COSMIC-2 Radio Occultations
Authors: Sokolovskiy Sergey , Zeng Zhen , Hunt Douglas C. , Weiss Jan-Peter , Braun John J. , Schreiner William S. , Anthes Richard A. , Kuo Ying-Hwa , Zhang Hailing , Lenschow Donald H. , Vanhove Teresa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Superrefraction at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer introduces problems for assimilation of radio occultation data in weather models. A method of detection of superrefraction by spectral analysis of deep radio occultation signals introduced earlier has been tested using 2 years of COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7 radio occultation data. Our analysis shows a significant dependence of the probability of detection of superrefraction on the signal-to-noise ratio, which results in a certain sampling nonuniformity. Despite this nonuniformity, the results are consistent with the known global distribution of superrefraction (mainly over the subtropical oceans) and show some additional features and seasonal variations. Comparisons to the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analyses and limited set of radiosondes show reasonable agreement. Being an independent measurement, detection of superrefraction from deep radio occultation signals is complementary to its prediction by atmospheric models and thus should be useful for assimilation of radio occultation data in the atmospheric boundary layer.
Motivations of learners enrolled on a Massive Open Online Course – ‘The Science of Weight Loss: Dispelling diet myths’
Authors: Lim Wei Cong , Haslam Rebecca L. , Ashton Lee M. , Fenton Sasha , Collins Clare E. 
Published: January 2024

Background: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) can engage large numbers of learners. Understanding motivations for enrolling and elements that engage learners may help meet learner needs. This study explored motivations, intentions, recruitment methods and course acceptability of learners enrolled in ‘The Science of Weight Loss: Dispelling diet myths’ (SWL101X) MOOC on EdX. Design and setting: Cross-sectional analysis included 29,666 learners from 180+ countries. Methods: Learners provided demographic data, while 8,454 learners provided optional pre-course data and 987 provided post-course data. The pre-course survey examined learners’ motivations and intentions and recruitment method, and the post-course survey examined acceptability of course content. Descriptive statistics were reported as frequencies and percentages or medians (interquartile range)/means (standard deviation). Results: Learners (61% women, 51% aged between 25 and 44 years) enrolled in the MOOCs mainly to increase their nutrition knowledge (46%) and/or lose weight (62%). Most (61%) were recruited through EdX platforms (website, newsletters and blog). Course components were well received by the majority who completed the post-course survey. Conclusion: The SWL101X MOOC successfully delivered nutrition education. Future courses could consider trialling the text, videos and interactive features to further engage learners. Short, informal ‘talking head’ video content may facilitate engagement. Future courses should also ensure the inclusion of the most recent dietary practices for health, and the management of obesity as a chronic disease, as some of the content used in the course in this study does not represent current and/or best practice. The greater use of social media may enhance learner enrolment.
Gender differences in barriers to physical exercise among university students studying physical activity and sports sciences
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Sofía M , Martínez-Sánchez Laura M , Martínez-García Concha 
Published: January 2024

Objective: Research suggests that women experience more barriers to physical exercise than men do. Advocating for increased physical exercise is a primary responsibility of professionals who have specialised in the field of physical activity and sports sciences. This study aimed to examine differences in barriers to the practise of physical exercise, and the general state of mental health, among university students of physical activity and sports sciences based on gender. Design: A cross-sectional analysis of 144 students attending physical activity and sports sciences courses. Setting: Participants were recruited from a university in Spain. Method: This study used the validated Spanish versions of the Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise questionnaire and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Results: Based on the total Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise questionnaire and total 12-item General Health Questionnaire scores, female students reported significantly higher barriers and significantly poorer mental health than male students did. A weak positive correlation was observed between the total Self-Report of Barriers to the Practice of Physical Exercise questionnaire and 12-item General Health Questionnaire scores. Conclusion: Among university students who studied physical activity and sports sciences, women perceive greater barriers to physical exercise than men did, even though both groups had an inherent interest in exercise. A perception of greater barriers to engaging in physical exercise was associated with a negative impact on overall mental health, suggesting the need to address these barriers in future research on students of physical activity and sports sciences.
Psychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity in Korean Adults
Authors: Lee Jonghwa , An Dojin , Singnoy Chatkamon , Kim Youngho 
Published: January 2024

Using hypothesized structural equation modeling, we investigated contributions to physical activity (PA) from psychological, social, and environmental variables. Participants were 768 adults aged 30 years or older (men = 353, women = 415; Mage = 42.51, SD = 10.21 years) living in Jungrang-gu, Seoul. To assess psychological, social, and environmental variables, respondents completed scales measuring self-efficacy, decisional balance, social support, physical environment, and leisure time exercise. We found that psychological, social, and environmental variables had a statistically significant effect on PA, with psychological variables mediating the effects of social and physical environmental variables on PA. These findings lend support to the assumed internal and external validity of the social ecological model (SEM) as an explanation for PA.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Risk Factors for the Increased Incidence of Revision Surgery After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Darbandi Azad Duke , Cohn Matthew , Credille Kevin , Hevesi Mario , Dandu Navya , Wang Zachary , Garrigues Grant E. , Verma Nikhil , Yanke Adam 
Published: January 2024

Background: Approximately 90% of patients who undergo arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) are satisfied with their pain levels and function after surgery. However, a subset of patients experience continued symptoms that warrant revision surgery. Preoperative risk factors for RCR failure requiring revision surgery have not been clearly defined. Purpose: To (1) determine the rate of RCR failure requiring revision surgery and (2) identify risk factors for revision surgery, which will help surgeons to determine patients who are at the greatest risk for RCR failure. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were performed. The initial search resulted in 3158 titles, and 533 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. A total of 10 studies met the following inclusion criteria: (1) human clinical studies, (2) arthroscopic RCR, (3) original clinical research, and (4) evaluation of preoperative risk factors for revision. Results: After a full-text review, a total of 16 risk factors were recorded and analyzed across 10 studies. Corticosteroid injection was the most consistent risk factor for revision surgery, reaching statistical significance in 4 of 4 studies, followed by workers’ compensation status (2/3 studies). Patients with corticosteroid injections had a pooled increased risk of revision surgery by 47% (odds ratio, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.36-1.52]). Patients with workers’ compensation had a pooled increased risk of revision surgery by 133% (odds ratio, 2.33 [95% CI, 2.09-2.60]). Age, smoking status, diabetes, and obesity were found to be risk factors in half of the analyzed studies. Conclusion: Corticosteroid injections, regardless of the frequency of injections, and workers’ compensation status were found to be significant risk factors across the literature based on qualitative analysis and pooled analysis. Surgeons should determine ideal candidates for arthroscopic RCR by accounting for corticosteroid injection history, regardless of the frequency, and insurance status of the patient.
Similar Healing Rates of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair With and Without Bone Marrow Stimulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Thamrongskulsiri Napatpong , Limskul Danaithep , Itthipanichpong Thun , Tanpowpong Thanathep , Kuptniratsaikul Somsak 
Published: January 2024

Background: Bone marrow stimulation (BMS) techniques such as microfracture, nanofracture, and the crimson duvet procedure expose the bone marrow of the proximal humerus to the rotator cuff tendon footprint. The effect of performing BMS on tendon healing is a subject of interest. Purpose: To compare studies on arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with BMS versus without BMS for rotator cuff tears according to healing rates and clinical and radiological outcomes. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The 2020 PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed in conducting a search. Studies that compared arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with and without BMS were included if they provided postoperative patient-reported outcomes and healing rates. Dichotomous outcomes were expressed as mean differences (MDs), while continuous outcomes were expressed as odds ratio. Results: Included were 5 studies (N = 499 shoulders); 4 studies had level 1 evidence, and 1 study had level 2 evidence. The healing rate of rotator cuff repair was similar between the 2 groups (ie, with and without BMS) (odds ratio, 1.58 [95% CI, 0.63 to 4.00]; P = .33). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the postoperative Constant score (MD, 1.41 [95% CI, –0.58 to 3.39]; P = .16), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (MD, 0.77 [95% CI, –1.43 to 2.96]; P = .49), or range of motion for forward flexion (MD, 2.45 [95% CI, –0.66 to 5.57]; P = .12) and external rotation (MD, 0.81 [95% CI, –2.35 to 3.97]; P = .62) at the final follow-up between the 2 groups. Conclusion: The healing rate of rotator cuff repair was similar, regardless of whether BMS was performed or not. Additionally, there was no significant difference in postoperative patient-reported outcome scores, range of motion, and complications. Registration: CRD42023388427 (PROSPERO).
Evaluation of functional and oncological outcomes of localized prostate cancer after different minimally invasive therapeutic methods: A single center experience
Authors: Chinenov D. V. , Shpot E. V. , Chernov Y. N. , Gerasimov A. N. , Kazachevskaya L. Y. , Lyapichev K. A. , Ismailov H. M. , Tsukkiev Z. K. , Korolev D. O. , Rapoport L. M. 
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To study the functional and oncological results of minimally invasive treatment methods: cryoablation, brachytherapy, and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy of localized prostate cancer in a single hospital. Methods: One hundred sixty patients with localized prostate cancer were treated with minimally invasive methods (53, 52, 55 patients with cryoablation, brachytherapy and HIFU therapy, respectively). Prostate-specific antigen and evaluation of post-procedure biopsies were used as an assessment. The review of functional indicators and quality of life was made with International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), quality of life (QoL) questionnaires. Results: Patients after cryoablation showed worse results of oncological control according to positive repeat biopsies, best indicators were observed after brachytherapy. When considering the IPSS results, there were statistically significantly worse scores in the brachytherapy group in the early postoperative period, these differences do not reach statistical significance in the late period in the brachytherapy and cryoablation groups. Patients in the cryoablation group showed worse indicators of IIEF-5; in the early postoperative period; in the late follow-up period, the indicators of erectile function in patients in the cryoablation group did not statistically significantly differ from those in patients after brachytherapy. Patients after HIFU therapy showed fewer cases of de novo erectile dysfunction during the follow-up period of 3 years, higher average IIEF-5 scores, lower IPSS scores and better QoL results. Conclusion: The recurrence of prostate cancer was statistically significantly higher in the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) 3 grade group. HIFU therapy had better urination indicators compared to other groups, that can be associated with the laser enucleation of prostatic hyperplasia. The advantage was noted in patients after HIFU therapy when comparing the parameters to the IIEF-5 thus, HIFU treatment had a better impact on patients’ QoL with localized prostate cancer.
Activating transcription factor 3 is a new biomarker correlation with renal clear cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Yang Zhicong , Hou Yongwang , Li Jingqi , Xu Dandan , Yang Zhichao , Wang Xinsheng 
Published: January 2024

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most invasive type of cancer, with a high risk of metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets of ccRCC. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a tumor oncogene or repressor, has rarely been examined in ccRCC. In the present study, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential functions of ATF3 in ccRCC. Methods: Several TCGA-based online databases were used to analyze ATF3 expression in ccRCC and determine ccRCC prognosis. The upstream-binding micro (mi) RNAs of ATF3 and long non-coding (lnc)RNAs were predicted using the StarBase database. Results: Analysis of several TCGA-based online databases showed that ATF3 expression is decreased in ccRCC, suggesting a significant association with the prognosis of patients with ccRCC. Furthermore, we found hsa-miR-221-3p to be potential regulatory miRNA of ATF3 in ccRCC. Prediction and analysis of the upstream lncRNAs indicated that PAXIP1-AS2 and OIP5-AS1 were the most potent upstream lncRNAs of the hsa-miR-221-3p/ATF3 axis in ccRCC. The results of the GO and KEGG analyses implied that ATF3 is likely involved in the regulation of apoptotic signaling in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ccRCC. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between ATF3 expression and ER stress. Conclusions: Our in silico findings highlighted that ATF3 expression was low in ccRCC and negatively correlated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, PAXIP1-AS2 and the OIP5-AS1/hsa-miR-221-3p/ATF3 axis were identified as significant potential regulators of ER stress-mediated apoptosis in ccRCC.
Standarized Protocols for Hybrid Filler Application in Aesthetic Medicine
Authors: Fakih-Gomez Nabil , Muñoz-Gonzalez Cristina , Porcar Plana Carmen Alejandra , Verano Garcia Alba , Kadouch Jonathan 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: This study introduces protocols for using hybrid fillers (mixing calcium hydroxylapatite and hyaluronic acid) in facial, jaw, neck, and hand aesthetic treatments. The goal is to establish clear, standardized procedures to enhance effectiveness and safety. Methods: The study outlines detailed protocols for using hybrid fillers in aesthetic treatments, covering patient selection, injection techniques, and posttreatment care for face, jaw, neck, and hands. Results: The detailed descriptions empower clinicians with insights to implement standardized approaches using hybrid fillers. They aim to optimize procedural accuracy and effectiveness while reducing the risk of complications. Conclusions: The hybrid filler protocols standardize aesthetic treatments, aiding in optimal outcomes and guiding clinicians in enhancing their practice. In addition, these protocols serve as a valuable reference, offering comprehensive guidelines for future research in the realm of hybrid filler utilization in aesthetic medicine.
Gamification and Gaming in Cryptocurrency Education: A Survey with Cryptocurrency Investors and Potential Investors
Authors: Hadan Hilda , Zhang-Kennedy Leah , Nacke Lennart , Mäkelä Ville 
Published: January 2024

Introduction In recent years, cryptocurrency has increasingly sparked interest among investors. Many people have invested in this field without adequate knowledge. Existing research has shown that using game design elements can be an effective method of education. Such learning interventions can potentially be a good match for educating market investors, as they provide risk-free simulations for novice investors to gain practical experience without having to be concerned about real financial losses. However, it is unclear how market investors perceive gamified and game-based learning interventions and whether they would adopt them for cryptocurrency education. Research Objectives Our study investigated market investors’ perceptions, needs and expectations regarding the integration of gamification and game-based learning interventions in cryptocurrency education. Methodology We conducted an online survey with n=413 participants, including experienced market investors and people who are interested in cryptocurrency. Within the survey, we presented the mock-ups of two cryptocurrency learning interventions: a gamified cryptocurrency learning application, and a cryptocurrency learning video game. Results From market investors’ perspectives, our study revealed the benefits and drawbacks of incorporating gamification and game design principles to facilitate learning cryptocurrency. We identified the need to develop dynamic, accessible, reliable, and community-building gamified and game-based cryptocurrency learning interventions. Conclusion From our findings, we propose guidance for the integration of gamification and games in cryptocurrency education, and we provide design recommendations for investor-specific cryptocurrency learning interventions.