bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing occupational therapy service provision with military veterans through policy reform: Findings from a national survey
Authors: McIntyre Kylie , McKinstry Carol , Bailie Laura , Daniell Ruby , Clews Amery 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlmost half a million Australians have served with the Australian Defence Force. Given the high prevalence of physical and mental health conditions and complexity of civilian life adjustment after military service, high‐quality occupational therapy services are critical. However, there is limited description of occupational therapy service provision to individuals funded by the Australian Department of Veterans' Affairs to inform government policy. The aim of this study was to describe the practice of Australian occupational therapists working with former service members and identify opportunities to enhance practice and policy.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using an online survey was conducted to collect information from occupational therapists providing services to Department of Veterans' Affairs clients. Frequency analyses were performed to describe quantitative data. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. No consumer or community involvement occurred.ResultsParticipants included 123 Australian occupational therapists residing in metropolitan (47%), regional (28%) and rural/remote (23%) areas. Most occupational therapists (69%) had over 15 years of clinical experience and worked in private practice (87%). Common interventions included home modifications, equipment prescription and assistive technology (77%), goal‐oriented rehabilitation (16%) and activities of daily living or function assessments and education (13%). Three themes describing practice issues were identified: (1) Service provision as rewarding yet underfunded, (2) Administrative complexity and lack of understanding of the occupational therapy role and (3) Need for specialist professional development opportunities.ConclusionAustralian occupational therapists are providing a range of services to Department of Veterans' Affairs clients although mostly relating to physical conditions. Occupational therapy practice with former Australian Defence Force members should be expanded to meet their diverse and complex needs. Further research and education are needed to support use of specialist knowledge and interventions. Advocacy by peak associations and policy reform are urgently required to ensure sustainable services, particularly in rural areas.
Understanding spatial tourism destination recovery in Iran based on a destination attribute recovery index for COVID‐19
Authors: Hajilo Mehdi , Pennington‐Gray Lori , Tahmasbi Siamak , Gheshlagh Siavash I. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThroughout history, the tourism industry has encountered diverse crises, each with its distinct characteristics. While the nature of these crises may evolve, the inevitability of their occurrence persists. Given the unpredictability of such events, understanding recovery factors for tourism destinations becomes crucial for swift recuperation. This study employed a destination recovery measurement model, visualised through Geographic Information System and GeoDA, focusing on Iran's 31 provinces. Indicators including tourism density, capacity, investment, accommodation, employment rate and destination type, in conjunction with COVID‐19 cases, were utilised to gauge recovery status. The spatial distribution of the destination recovery index was analysed, revealing nonrandom cluster patterns, affirming that recovery is influenced by specific factors rather than occurring haphazardly. Provinces equipped with higher‐factor concentrations demonstrated swifter recovery, while others exhibited less tourism‐related prominence. These findings hold significance for stakeholders encompassing tourism managers, policymakers and governments vested in the sustainability of future tourism destinations.
Maternal exposure to metals and time‐to‐pregnancy: The MIREC cohort study
Authors: Premranjith Priya , King Will , Ashley‐Martin Jillian , Borghese Michael M. , Bouchard Maryse , Foster Warren , Arbuckle Tye E. , Velez Maria P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between maternal exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury, time‐to‐pregnancy (TTP) and infertility.DesignPregnancy‐based retrospective TTP cohort study.SettingHospitals and clinics from ten cities across Canada.PopulationA total of 1784 pregnant women.MethodsConcentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, manganese and mercury were measured in maternal whole blood during the first trimester of pregnancy as a proxy of preconception exposure. Discrete‐time Cox proportional hazards models generated fecundability odds ratios (FOR) for the association between metals and TTP. Logistic regression generated odds ratios (OR) for the association between metals and infertility. Models were adjusted for maternal age, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, education, income, recruitment site and plasma lipids.Main Outcome MeasuresTTP was self‐reported as the number of months of unprotected intercourse to become pregnant. Infertility was defined as TTP longer than 12 months.ResultsA total of 1784 women were eligible for the analysis. Mean ± SD maternal age and gestational age at interview were 32.2 ± 5.0 years, and 11.6 ± 1.6 weeks, respectively. Exposure to arsenic, cadmium, manganese or mercury was not associated with TTP or infertility. Increments of one standard deviation of lead concentrations resulted in a shorter TTP (adjusted FOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.16); however, the association was not linear when exposure was modelled in tertiles.ConclusionBlood concentrations of metals at typical levels of exposure among Canadian pregnant women were not associated with TTP or infertility. Further studies are needed to assess the role of lead, if any, on TTP.
Express barcoding with NextGenPCR and MinION for species‐level sorting of ecological samples
Authors: Vasilita Cristina , Feng Vivian , Hansen Aslak Kappel , Hartop Emily , Srivathsan Amrita , Struijk Robin , Meier Rudolf 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe use of DNA barcoding is well established for specimen identification and large‐scale biodiversity discovery, but remains underutilized for time‐sensitive applications such as rapid species discovery in field stations, identifying pests, citizen science projects, and authenticating food. The main reason is that existing express barcoding workflows are either too expensive or can only be used in very well‐equipped laboratories by highly‐trained staff. We here show an alternative workflow combining rapid DNA extraction with HotSHOT, amplicon production with NextGenPCR thermocyclers, and sequencing with low‐cost MinION sequencers. We demonstrate the power of the approach by generating 250 barcodes for 285 specimens within 6 h including specimen identification through BLAST. The workflow required only the following major equipment that easily fits onto a lab bench: Thermocycler, NextGenPCR, microplate sealer, Qubit, and MinION. Based on our results, we argue that simplified barcoding workflows for species‐level sorting are now faster, more accurate, and sufficiently cost‐effective to replace traditional morpho‐species sorting in many projects.
Inactivation of siderophore iron‐chelating moieties by the fungal wheat root symbiont Pyrenophora biseptata
Authors: French Katie S. , Chukwuma Emmanuel , Linshitz Ilan , Namba Kosuke , Duckworth Owen W. , Cubeta Marc A. , Baars Oliver 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe investigated the ability of four plant and soil‐associated fungi to modify or degrade siderophore structures leading to reduced siderophore iron‐affinity in iron‐limited and iron‐replete cultures. Pyrenophora biseptata, a melanized fungus from wheat roots, was effective in inactivating siderophore iron‐chelating moieties. In the supernatant solution, the tris‐hydroxamate siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFOB) underwent a stepwise reduction of the three hydroxamate groups in DFOB to amides leading to a progressive loss in iron affinity. A mechanism is suggested based on the formation of transient ferrous iron followed by reduction of the siderophore hydroxamate groups during fungal high‐affinity reductive iron uptake. P. biseptata also produced its own tris‐hydroxamate siderophores (neocoprogen I and II, coprogen and dimerum acid) in iron‐limited media and we observed loss of hydroxamate chelating groups during incubation in a manner analogous to DFOB. A redox‐based reaction was also involved with the tris‐catecholate siderophore protochelin in which oxidation of the catechol groups to quinones was observed. The new siderophore inactivating activity of the wheat symbiont P. biseptata is potentially widespread among fungi with implications for the availability of iron to plants and the surrounding microbiome in siderophore‐rich environments.
Infant lung function and early skin barrier impairment in the development of asthma at age 3 years
Authors: Färdig Martin , Hoyer Angela , Almqvist Catarina , Bains Karen Eline S. , Carlsen Karin C. Lødrup , Gudmundsdóttir Hrefna Katrín , Granum Berit , Haugen Guttorm Nils , Hedlin Gunilla , Jonassen Christine Monceyron , Konradsen Jon R. , Lie Anine , Rehbinder Eva Maria , Skjerven Håvard O. , Staff Anne Cathrine , Vettukattil Riyas , Söderhäll Cilla , Nordlund Björn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLargely unexplored, we investigated if lower lung function, impaired skin barrier function by transepidermal water loss (TEWL), eczema, and filaggrin (FLG) mutations in infancy were associated with asthma in early childhood.MethodsFrom the factorially designed randomized controlled intervention study PreventADALL, we evaluated 1337/2394 children from all randomization groups with information on asthma at age 3 years, and at age 3 months either lung function, TEWL, eczema, and/or FLG mutations. Lower lung function was defined as the time to peak tidal expiratory flow to expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) <0.25, and skin barrier impairment as a high TEWL >9.50 g/m2/h. Eczema was clinically observed, and DNA genotyped for FLG mutations. Asthma was defined as asthma‐like symptoms (≥3 episodes of bronchial obstruction) between age 2–3 years as well as a history of doctor‐diagnosed asthma and/or asthma medication use. Associations were analyzed in logistic regression models, presented with adjusted ORs (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsLower lung function and skin barrier impairment were associated with asthma in general; aOR (95% CI) 5.4 (2.1, 13.7) and 1.6 (1.1, 2.5), while eczema and FLG mutations were associated with asthma in children with atopic dermatitis or allergic sensitization only. Stratifying for sex, the risk of asthma was only increased in boys with lower lung function; aOR (95% CI) 7.7 (2.5, 23.6), and in girls with FLG mutations; aOR (95% CI) 3.5 (1.5, 8.2).ConclusionLower lung function and impaired skin barrier function in infancy may increase the risk of asthma at age 3 years.
The impact of late pregnancy dating on the detection of fetal growth restriction at term
Authors: Mathewlynn Sam , Kitmiridou Despoina , Impey Lawrence , Ioannou Christos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe inaccuracy of late pregnancy dating is often discussed, and the impact on diagnosis of fetal growth restriction is a concern. However, the magnitude and direction of this effect has not previously been demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of late pregnancy dating by head circumference on the detection of late onset growth restriction, compared to first trimester crown‐rump length dating.Material and methodsThis was a cohort study of 14 013 pregnancies receiving obstetric care at a tertiary center over a three‐year period. Universal scans were performed at 12 weeks, including crown‐rump length; at 20 weeks including fetal biometry; and at 36 weeks, where biometry, umbilical artery doppler and cerebroplacental ratio were used to determine the incidence of fetal growth restriction according to the Delphi consensus. For the entire cohort, the gestational age was first calculated using T1 dating; and was then recalculated using head circumference at 20 weeks (T2 dating); and at 36 weeks (T3 dating). The incidence of fetal growth restriction following T2 and T3 dating was compared to T1 dating using four‐by‐four sensitivity tables.ResultsWhen the cohort was redated from T1 to T2, the median gestation at delivery changed from 40 + 0 to 40 + 2 weeks (p < 0.001). When the cohort was redated from T1 to T3, the median gestation at delivery changed from 40 + 0 to 40 + 3 weeks (p < 0.001). T2 dating resulted in fetal growth restriction sensitivity of 80.2% with positive predictive value of 78.8% compared to T1 dating. T3 dating resulted in sensitivity of 8.6% and positive predictive value of 27.7%, respectively. The sensitivity of abnormal CPR remained high despite T2 and T3 redating; 98.0% and 89.4%, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough dating at 11–14 weeks is recommended, late pregnancy dating is sometimes inevitable, and this can prolong the estimated due date by an average of two to three days. One in five pregnancies which would be classified as growth restricted if the pregnancy was dated in the first trimester, will be reclassified as nongrowth restricted following dating at 20 weeks, whereas nine out of 10 pregnancies will be reclassified as non‐growth restricted with 36‐week dating.
Myelinolysis cases presenting with manic attack after rapid correction of hyponatremia: Two cases
Authors: Boylu Muhammed Emin , Kırpınar İsmet 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveMyelinolysis is a neurological condition that can display diverse psychiatric symptoms, with electrolyte imbalance, alcoholism and malnutrition being the frequent causes. Rapid correction of hyponatremia may trigger pontine and extra‐pontine myelinolysis.CasesThis paper examines two cases: one of hyponatremia after antihypertensive use and the other of myelinolysis due to rapid correction of hyponatremia. Since myelinolysis appeared as a manic episode, the patients sought treatment at the psychiatry outpatient clinic. Further tests were conducted to rule out organic causes and the diagnosis was confirmed prior to referring the patients to the neurology clinic.ConclusionPsychiatrists should be meticulous in excluding organic causes in first‐episode mania and consider these possibilities in the differential diagnosis for the pertinent patient group.
Flow experience fosters university students' well‐being through psychological resilience: A longitudinal design with cross‐lagged analysis
Authors: Mao Yanhui , Luo Xinyi , Wang Shujun , Mao Zhuozhu , Xie Mei , Bonaiuto Marino 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundExisting research has linked individuals' flow experience – a positive affective and cognitive state of deep immersion and engagement in daily activities – and their well‐being, particularly among university students. A growing number of longitudinal studies have further contributed to this understanding. However, limited attention has been given to exploring the dynamic interplay between these two variables and their underlying mechanisms (i.e., the mediator) of psychological resilience, specifically among university students in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic.AimsTo address this research gap, the present study draws on self‐determination, flow and broaden‐and‐build theories. It examines the temporal dynamics and relationships between flow experience and well‐being, and the mediating role of psychological resilience among Chinese university students.SampleThe study adopts a three‐wave longitudinal design with a sample of 474 university students in Southwest China.MethodsParticipants' flow experience, well‐being and psychological resilience were measured across three time waves.ResultsThe findings of this study reveal that flow experience predicts well‐being across the three waves and that psychological resilience mediates this prediction. This empirical evidence emphasizes the significance of both flow experience and psychological resilience in contributing to the well‐being of university students over time amid COVID‐19.ConclusionsThese findings enrich our understanding of the factors contributing to well‐being in educational settings and provide highly relevant and timely insights for developing strategies to foster well‐being among university students, especially in the transition into the post‐pandemic era; findings also offer valuable insights not only for researchers but also for educators and policymakers.
Perceiving multiple truths: Does dialectical thinking harmonize colourblind and multicultural ideals?
Authors: Gale Jessica , Yogeeswaran Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMulticultural and colourblind approaches to managing diversity are often conceptualized to be antagonistic. However, in principle, both have underlying motives for social justice, making it important to understand how they may be psychologically reconciled. In the present research, we examined dialectical thinking as an individual characteristic or condition under which people may endorse them in a conciliatory way. Across five studies (three pre‐registered; N = 1899), using well‐established materials that have measured and experimentally manipulated dialectical thinking, we found that individual differences in dialectical thinking were a replicable factor that moderated the relationship between colourblind and multicultural ideals. By contrast, situational priming of dialectical thinking did not reliably impact this relationship. Therefore, people with a greater propensity to view issues from multiple perspectives and to reconcile seemingly contradictory information appear more likely to take a harmonized approach to endorsing colourblind and multicultural ideals. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Rift segmentation caused by reactivation of multiple basement structure systems: Evidence from the Hailar‐Tamtsag Rift, northeast Asia
Authors: Wu Lulu , Shen Chuanbo , Paton Douglas A. , Hou Yanping , Mortimer Estelle J. , Zeng Xiaowei , Wu Wei , Lin Junfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince the influence of structural inheritance on rift geometry has been widely documented, it is easy to assume that rift segmentation, a prominent feature of rift geometry, may have been also influenced by structural heterogeneity. However, limited studies using high‐quality seismic data have considered how basement reactivation is accommodated at individual fault scale and then how this results in rift segmentation at sub‐basin scale. Using extensive high‐quality 3D seismic data and 76 borehole data, we investigate the characteristics of rift architecture, rift‐related fault systems, basement structures and rift evolution in the Hailar‐Tamtsag Rift, northeast Asia. We identify three distinct rift segments which are defined by three rift‐related fault systems and accompanied by three underlying basement structure systems. We recognize three phases of basement reactivation and three types (including five styles) of interactions between basement structures and rift‐related faults. Our study shows that rift segmentation has been caused by reactivation of multiple basement structure systems which not only influence the orientation of rift segments and type of rift architecture, but also control the location, strike, dip and style of the major rift‐related faults. Rift segmentation was completely achieved through multiple phases of basement reactivation, while the main structural framework of segmentation was established through ‘extensive reactivation’ during the second phase extension. Our study examines how multiple basement structure systems control rift segmentation at both individual fault and sub‐basin scales, which can significantly improve our understanding of relationship between structural inheritance and rift segmentation.
Syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic development of the Thebe‐0 fault system, Exmouth Plateau, offshore NW Australia: The role of fault‐scarp degradation
Authors: Martinez Candela , Chiarella Domenico , Jackson Christopher A.‐L. , Rennie Harry , Scarselli Nicola 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe syn‐rift architecture of extensional basins records deposition from and interactions between footwall‐, hangingwall‐, and axially‐derived systems. However, the exact controls on their relative contributions and the overall variable depositional architecture, and how their sediment volume varies through time, remains understudied. We undertook a quantitative approach to determine temporal and spatial changes in the contribution of fault‐scarp degradation to the syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic development of the Thebe‐0 fault system on the Exmouth Plateau (NW Shelf, offshore Australia), using high‐quality 3D seismic reflection and boreholes data. The magnitude of footwall erosion was measured in terms of vertical (VE) and headward (HE) erosion by calculating the volume of eroded material along the footwall scarp. A detailed seismic‐stratigraphic and facies analysis allowed us to constrain the architectural variability of the hangingwall depositional systems and the types of resulting deposits (i.e., fault‐controlled base‐of‐scarp, settling from suspension, and hangingwall‐derived). After addressing the syn‐rift tectono‐stratigraphic framework, we suggest that periods of significant erosion along the Thebe‐0 fault scarp are related to the accumulation of fault‐controlled base‐of‐scarp deposits characterised by comprising a lower wedge with chaotic to low‐continuity reflections. Footwall‐derived deposits characterised by an upward decrease in stratigraphic dip are interpreted as related to periods of reduced fault activity and sustained sediment delivery sourced from the footwall scarp and systems beyond it (e.g., antecedent systems). We then analysed the tectono‐stratigraphic framework and the volumetric comparison between material eroded from the fault‐scarp and accumulated in the basin, aiming to estimate the contribution of fault‐scarp degradation to the hangingwall syn‐rift fill. Our results suggest periods of enhanced fault activity control fault‐scarp degradation variability through time, and we agree with that described by previous researchers—fault throw variability along‐strike regulates the variability in the magnitude of erosion. However, we propose that fault‐scarp degradation timing and its spatial variability are also influenced by the interaction and linkage with adjacent normal faults and by sea level variations. Lastly, we determine broader similarities and differences with a system located in the same fault array (i.e., Thebe‐2 fault system), aiming to give insights into the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of a broader area and the spatial variability in fault‐scarp degradation.