bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YAP1 promotes the stemness of airway epithelial basal cells and spontaneous formation of lung squamous cell carcinoma in a YAP1KITrp53KO mouse model
Authors: Chen Xie-Wan , Jian Chun-Li , Zhang Long-Yao , Li Feng , Liao Xing-Yun , Li Ling-Chen , Chen Xu , Zheng Lin-Peng , Cui Jian-Xiong , Yin Chen-Rui , Lin Feng-Lin , Cai Ding-Qin , Sun Ling-You , Qi Ya-Xian , Niu Kai , Sun Jian-Guo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Tumorigenic mechanisms and personalized therapeutic strategies for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) lack clarity. Practical LSCC animal models remain to be developed or improved. We aimed to determine whether Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1) promotes the stemness of airway epithelial basal cells and LSCC tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and spontaneous tumorigenesis in a self-developed YAP1 knock-in/Trp53 knockout mouse model.
Methods
Airway epithelial basal cells and LSCC TICs were assessed for stemness by immunofluorescence (IF) staining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. YAP1 expression patterns and levels were evaluated by IF and qRT-PCR. The effect of YAP1 on the tracheosphere-forming ability of airway epithelial basal cells was investigated by YAP1 overexpression and deletion, observed by 3D-matrigel. Homozygous YAP1KITrp53KO mice were generated by a special vector design that introduced a ciliated cell-specific promoter FOXJ1. Tumor formation was determined by micro-CT scanning, and histological subtype was confirmed through hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.
Results
YAP1 promoted the stemness maintenance of airway epithelial basal cells. Overexpression and deletion of YAP1 increased and decreased the tracheosphere-forming ability of airway epithelial basal cells, respectively. YAP1 also contributed to the stemness of LSCC TICs. A homozygous YAP1KITrp53KO LSCC mouse model was constructed successfully. After a period of feeding, cancer nests occurred spontaneously in the murine lung. H&E and IHC staining confirmed the LSCC histological subtype, and YAP1 was primarily expressed in the nucleus as evidence of active proliferation.
Conclusions
We established a YAP1KITrp53KO mouse model of spontaneous LSCC, providing a convenient tool for investigating novel targets and therapies.
DFT study of the possible mechanisms for the synthesis of α-cyanophosphonates from β- nitrostyrenes
Authors: Tavakol Hossein , shamsaddinimotlagh Sima , Kazemi Arash 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, the theoretical study of the reaction mechanism of the addition of triphenyl phosphite to β-nitrostyrene is discussed. The M062X method, which is a subset of density functional theory (DFT) and def2svp basis set, was used to determine the appropriate mechanism. To accomplish this, the structures of the starting materials, products, intermediates, and transition states were optimized, and their respective energies were obtained. For this purpose, three plausible reaction mechanisms were proposed, denoted as paths a, b, and c. In the pathway a, triphenyl phosphite is added to the β-position of β-nitrostyrene. The b pathway is designed in such that the triphenyl phosphite molecule is added to the oxygen of nitro in β-nitrostyrene, and in the c pathway, triphenyl phosphite is added to the nitrogen of the β-nitrostyrene compound. Since the presence of two ml mol of triphenyl phosphite is required to carry out the reaction and form the desired product, all three routes of the proposed mechanism were designed accordingly. by evaluating potential reaction pathways and comparing their energetics, a plausible mechanism for the reaction can be proposed.
ORNet: Object Refinement Network Based on Dual-Branch and Multi-Feature Enhancement for Saliency Detection
Authors: Cong Kuochen , Bao Hua 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In recent years, CNN-based salient object detection methods have shown significant performance improvements. Recent research on salient object detection (SOD) has primarily focused on pixel-level classification using encoder-decoder models based on fully convolutional networks (FCN). However, existing CNN-based saliency detection networks have a drawback of overemphasizing pixel-level information of objects while neglecting background information, leading to limited capability in refining the saliency of object boundaries and capturing fine-grained details. To address this issue, we introduce ORNet: Object Refinement Network, to achieve superior saliency detection. We propose a novel dual-branch module consisting of a foreground module (FM) and a background module (BM) to extract foreground and background information, respectively. Each branch adopts multiple feature enhancement strategies. Specifically, this strategy includes the Object Refinement Module (ORM) for fusing multi-scale contextual features to enhance the saliency of objects. Additionally, we propose the Fourier Edge Extractor (FEE) module to extract boundary features from the frequency domain, enhancing the clarity of object boundaries. We introduce the Global Context Block (GCB) at the final network layer to extract high-level semantic features using pooling operations, which aids in precise object localization through the dual-branch module. Furthermore, to further enhance object boundaries, we design the Boundary Diffusion Loss (BDL) function to guide the network's attention to the often overlooked boundary information. We choose the EfficientNet architecture as the backbone network due to its computational efficiency. Finally, extensive experiments on popular benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of ORNet. Both the codes and results is available at https://github.com/CKCAHU/ORNet.
Low-rank generalized alternating direction implicit iteration method for solving matrix equations
Authors: Zhang Juan , Xun Wenlu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper presents an effective low-rank generalized alternating direction implicit iteration (R-GADI) method for solving large-scale sparse and stable Lyapunov matrix equations and continuous-time algebraic Riccati matrix equations. The method is based on generalized alternating direction implicit iteration (GADI), which exploits the low-rank property of matrices and utilizes the Cholesky factorization approach for solving. The advantage of the new algorithm lies in its direct and efficient low-rank formulation, which is a variant of the Cholesky decomposition in the Lyapunov GADI method, saving storage space and making it computationally effective. When solving the continuous-time algebraic Riccati matrix equation, the Riccati equation is first simplified to a Lyapunov equation using the Newton method, and then the R-GADI method is employed for computation. Additionally, we analyze the convergence of the R-GADI method and prove its consistency with the convergence of the GADI method. Finally, the effectiveness of the new algorithm is demonstrated through corresponding numerical experiments.
Stretcher: A new way to improve the efficiency of exploration
Authors: Wang Jinlin , Zhu Longtao , Wang Yi , Ji Yulong , Ren Jinchang , Yang Hongyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm has excellent spatial flexibility, allowing it to reach any point in the workspace from any orientation, making it perfect for executing manipulating tasks. However, in reinforcement learning situations, when the arm comes to a self-constraint state, the flexibility may have adverse effects on environment exploration, significantly complicating the reinforcement learning process. In this paper, inspired by human arm movements, we present a novel method for fast estimating the flexibility of multi-axis robotic arms. By integrating the metrics in RL algorithm, we made the exploration process faster and smoother. We compared the training speed and the effectiveness of training after incorporating the metrics at various stages of the standard RL algorithm like observation and rewrd. After analysing the spatial flexibility, the arm is found to show improved exploration performance, as well as faster training speed and less temporal consumption during the movement transitions.
Comparison of reanalysis datasets with historical wave buoy data in northern Scottish waters.
Authors: mcilvenny Jason , Thomas Louise , Williamson Benjamin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Many industries rely on wave data to understand the potential for wave energy extraction, or to understand the wave environment for the design of marine structures and to plan operations and maintenance. Three ocean reanalysis datasets, ERA5, WAVEWATCH III and Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis and Forecast, are compared to in-situ wave buoy data collected along the north of Scotland. All reanalysis datasets correlated well with the wave buoy data, with the Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis and Forecast dataset being statistically the closest to the buoy data. However, all three reanalysis datasets underpredict significant wave height during extreme wave events. From comparisons of the wave buoy data at one site, it was found that although extreme events are underpredicted, the WAVEWATCH III reanalysis data performed the best, although still under predicted extreme wave heights. Of the reanalysis models compared against wave buoy data here, it is suggested that for extreme wave analysis the WAVEWATCH III model is recommended, whilst for long term statistics and weather windowing the Copernicus Global Ocean Waves Analysis is a good option. Whilst reanalysis data sets are a valuable resource for marine renewable energy, developers should be aware of the limitations of these datasets, in particular for extreme wave conditions.
A Virtual Hospital Model of Care for Low Back Pain, Back@Home: Protocol for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Type-I Study
Authors: Melman Alla , Teng Min Jiat , Coombs Danielle M , Li Qiang , Billot Laurent , Lung Thomas , Rogan Eileen , Marabani Mona , Hutchings Owen , Maher Chris G , Machado Gustavo C ,   Back@Home Investigators
Published: December 2023

Background
Low back pain (LBP) was the fifth most common reason for an emergency department (ED) visit in 2020-2021 in Australia, with >145,000 presentations. A total of one-third of these patients were subsequently admitted to the hospital. The admitted patient care accounts for half of the total health care expenditure on LBP in Australia.

Objective
The primary aim of the Back@Home study is to assess the effectiveness of a virtual hospital model of care to reduce the length of admission in people presenting to ED with musculoskeletal LBP. A secondary aim is to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the virtual hospital and our implementation strategy. We will also investigate rates of traditional hospital admission from the ED, representations and readmissions to the traditional hospital, demonstrate noninferiority of patient-reported outcomes, and assess cost-effectiveness of the new model.

Methods
This is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation type-I study. To evaluate effectiveness, we plan to conduct an interrupted time-series study at 3 metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Eligible patients will include those aged 16 years or older with a primary diagnosis of musculoskeletal LBP presenting to the ED. The implementation strategy includes clinician education using multimedia resources, staff champions, and an “audit and feedback” process. The implementation of “Back@Home” will be evaluated over 12 months and compared to a 48-month preimplementation period using monthly time-series trends in the average length of hospital stay as the primary outcome. We will construct a plot of the observed and expected lines of trend based on the preimplementation period. Linear segmented regression will identify changes in the level and slope of fitted lines, indicating immediate effects of the intervention, as well as effects over time. The data will be fully anonymized, with informed consent collected for patient-reported outcomes.

Results
As of December 6, 2023, a total of 108 patients have been cared for through Back@Home. A total of 6 patients have completed semistructured interviews regarding their experience of virtual hospital care for nonserious back pain. All outcomes will be evaluated at 6 months (August 2023) and 12 months post implementation (February 2024).

Conclusions
This study will serve to inform ongoing care delivery and implementation strategies of a novel model of care. If found to be effective, it may be adopted by other health districts, adapting the model to their unique local contexts.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/50146
Patient Engagement With and Perspectives on a Mobile Health Home Spirometry Intervention: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Liu Andrew W , Brown, III William , Madu Ndubuisi E , Maiorano Ali R , Bigazzi Olivia , Medina Eli , Sorric Christopher , Hays Steven R , Odisho Anobel Y 
Published: December 2023

Background
Patient engagement attrition in mobile health (mHealth) remote patient monitoring (RPM) programs decreases program benefits. Systemic disparities lead to inequities in RPM adoption and use. There is an urgent need to understand patients’ experiences with RPM in the real world, especially for patients who have stopped using the programs, as addressing issues faced by patients can increase the value of mHealth for patients and subsequently decrease attrition.

Objective
This study sought to understand patient engagement and experiences in an RPM mHealth intervention in lung transplant recipients.

Methods
Between May 4, 2020, and November 1, 2022, a total of 601 lung transplant recipients were enrolled in an mHealth RPM intervention to monitor lung function. The predictors of patient engagement were evaluated using multivariable logistic and linear regression. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 6 of 39 patients who had engaged in the first month but stopped using the program, and common themes were identified.

Results
Patients who underwent transplant more than 1 year before enrollment in the program had 84% lower odds of engaging (odds ratio [OR] 0.16, 95% CI 0.07-0.35), 82% lower odds of submitting pulmonary function measurements (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.09-0.33), and 78% lower odds of completing symptom checklists (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10-0.43). Patients whose primary language was not English had 78% lower odds of engaging compared to English speakers (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.67). Interviews revealed 4 prominent themes: challenges with devices, communication breakdowns, a desire for more personal interactions and specific feedback with the care team about their results, understanding the purpose of the chat, and understanding how their data are used.

Conclusions
Care delivery and patient experiences with RPM in lung transplant mHealth can be improved and made more equitable by tailoring outreach and enhancements toward non-English speakers and patients with a longer time between transplant and enrollment. Attention to designing programs to provide personalization through supplementary provider contact, education, and information transparency may decrease attrition rates.
El análisis didáctico aplicado a libros de texto de matemática de sexto grado
Authors: Bolaños González Helen , Moreno Verdejo Antonio 
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo permite reflexionar acerca del uso del libro de texto, y tiene como objetivo conocer la propuesta de las tareas de patrones presentes en los libros de sexto grado en la educación costarricense, mediante el análisis didáctico.
Este es un estudio cualitativo de carácter descriptivo. Se utiliza un instrumento llamado ficha de la tarea que se elabora a partir de ciertos indicadores del análisis de contenido, cognitivo e instrucción.
Para el presente estudio se seleccionan 38 tareas de patrones, tomadas de los libros de texto más utilizados a nivel nacional. Dando como resultado en su mayoría tareas procedimentales, de patrones numéricos, planteadas en contextos educativos. Además, es importante resaltar, que no se visualizan tareas de crear o duplicar patrones, no se evidencian tareas como proyectos o investigaciones, por lo cual se considera necesario reflexionar estos resultados y complementar el uso del libro de texto en la planificación docente
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI FEED ADDITIVE TERHADAP KONVERSI RANSUM PEDET SAPI PERANAKAN FRIES HOLLAND JANTAN
Authors: AYUNITA ELSA 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi feed additive terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum pedet sapi peranakan Fries Holland jantan. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok ulangan berdasarkan umur. Enam belas ekor pedet sapi peranakan Fries Holland jantan dialokasikan ke dalam 4 perlakuan percobaan, yaitu P0 = tidak diberi feed additive, P1 = 0,5 mL feed additive, P2 = 1 mL feed additive, dan P3 = 1,5 mL feed additive. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi feed additive tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi ransum. Kesimpulan, suplementasi feed additive tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum pedet sapi peranakan Fries Holland jantan.Kata Kunci : Feed additive, pedet, konsumsi, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum
The Effect of Addition of Various Media Substrates of Local Microorganisms (MOL) to Nutrient Content and Cyanide Acid Level Anaerobic Fermentation of Cassava Peels (Manihot utilissima)
Authors: Septian Mohamad Haris 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK Keterbatasan hijauan pakan menyebabkan perlunya pakan alternatif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ternak, salah satu pakan alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah kulit singkong terfermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan berbagai media substrat mikroorganisme lokal (MOL) terhadap kandungan nutrien dan asam sianida fermentasi anaerobik kulit singkong. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Desember 2022 di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tidar, Laboratorium CV. Chemmix, Bantul, Yogyakarta, dan di Laboratorium Institut Pertanian Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap. Kulit singkong diberi 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, yang terdiri dari (P0) kulit singkong + 1% Effective micro-organism EM4 1%; (P1) kulit singkong + 1% MOL1; (P2) kulit singkong + 1% MOL2; (P3) kulit singkong + MOL3; dan (P4) kulit singkong + MOL4. Data dari hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, jika hasilnya berbeda nyata dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Dunnet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan berbagai MOL memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kandungan protein kasar dan HCN, namun tidak memberikan pengaruh (P>0,05) terhadap kadar air dan abu pada fermentasi kulit singkong. Kata Kunci: Kulit singkong, air cucian beras, air rebusan kedelai, air limbah ampas tahu ABSTRACT Limited forage causes the need for alternative feed to meet the needs of livestock, one of the alternative feeds that can be used is fermented cassava peels. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding various media substrates of local microorganisms (MOL) on the nutrient and cyanide acid content of cassava peels anaerobic fermentation. The research was conducted in September-December 2022 at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tidar University, CV. Chemmix Laboratory, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Bogor Agricultural Institute Laboratory. The study used a completely Randomize Method. Cassava peels were given 4 treatments and 5 replications, namely (P0) cassava peels + 1% EM4; (P1) cassava peels + 1% MOL1; (P2) cassava peels + 1% MOL 2; (P3) cassava peels + 1% MOL3. Data were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and continued with the Dunnet test. The results showed that the addition of MOL had a significant effect (P<0.05) on crude protein content and HCN content but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on water content and ash content in the anaerobic fermentation of cassava peels. Keywords: Cassava peels, rice-washing water, soybean-boiled water, tofu wastewater
PLANTAGO DI PADANG PENGGEMBALAAN SEBAGAI PAKAN DAN PENGHASIL METABOLIT SEKUNDER
Authors: Indriani Nyimas Popi 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK Lingkungan padang penggembalaan memiliki keanekaragaman sumber alam hayati, sehingga membuat stabil tatanan lingkungan tersebut. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan sangat penting, salah satunya yaitu tumbuhan herba Plantago. Hijauan herba Plantago dari keluarga Plantaginaceae, terutama kaya kandungan nutrien dan mineral serta mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder (kandungan fitokimia). Plantago banyak terdapat di padang penggembalaan untuk pakan ruminansia dan pengobatan herbal. Plantago merupakan jenis tanaman herbal karena memiliki kandungan fitokimia diantaranya ialah flavonoid, fenol, saponin dan tanin. Peran Tumbuhan Plantago sangat penting diantaranya dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi defisit hijauan pakan padang rumput berbasis rumput selama musim kemarau. Selain itu dampak lingkungan dapat diatasi dengan adanya keberdaan Tumbuhan Plantago yaitu mengurangi kandungan nitrogen dalam urin dan gas metan.
Vertical facial pattern and orthodontic stability Part I: Pretreatment vertical pattern and stability
Authors: Pinto Neil , Woods Michael , Crawford Edward 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The occlusions of sixty patients treated by one experienced orthodontist were assessed using the PAR Index. For each patient, pretreatment, post-treatment and long-term follow-up study casts were examined. Follow-up casts were taken at least 6.5 years following the removal of all retention appliances. Following pretreatment cephalometric analysis, the patient sample was divided into three vertical facial subgroups according to the Jarabak Facial Height Quotient. Mean weighted PAR scores were then calculated at each stage for the total sample and for the three subgroups. Mean absolute and percentage occlusal changes were also calculated for the post-treatment period. The relationship between post-treatment occlusal change and pretreatment vertical facial pattern was then studied.
The mean weighted pretreatment, post-treatment and follow-up PAR scores were 27.3, 3.3 and 8.0, respectively. The mean absolute and percentage post-treatment increases in weighted PAR score were 4.7 and 25.4, respectively. No statistically-significant relationship could be found between the pretreatment vertical facial pattern and changes occurring in the weighted PAR score during the follow-up period. It was concluded, therefore, that pre-treatment vertical facial pattern, at least on its own, is not likely to be predictive of the amount of post-treatment occlusal change.
Comparison of three brands of round stainless steel wires used in the Begg and Tip-Edge techniques
Authors: Birkenkamp Steffen , Pancherz Hans 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective: To compare the properties of three brands of stainless steel orthodontic wires: “Bow-Flex Wire”, “TP Original Wire Premier Plus” and “Australian Wire Special Plus”.

Method: The surface appearance, stiffness, elastic modulus and relaxation of coiled and straight round wires in four diameters (0.016 inch, 0.018 inch, 0.020 inch and 0.022 inch) were compared.

Results: “Australian Wire Special Plus” wire had a rougher surface than “Bow-Flex” and “TP Original Wire Premier Plus” wires. For all diameters “Australian Wire Special Plus” coiled wire was stiffer, had a higher elastic modulus, and lower relaxation than the corresponding “Bow-Flex” and “TP Original Wire Premier Plus” wires. All coiled samples were stiffer and had a higher elastic modulus than corresponding straight wires from the same manufacturer.

Conclusion: “Australian Wire Special Plus” 0.016 inch coiled wire is recommended for the initial treatment phase in the Begg and the Tip-Edge techniques. Either coiled or straight 0.018 inch, 0.020 inch or 0.022 inch wires from both manufacturers are suitable for phases II and III in both techniques.