bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cosmopolitan inversion facilitates seasonal adaptation in overwintering Drosophila
Authors: Nunez Joaquin C B , Lenhart Benedict A , Bangerter Alyssa , Murray Connor S , Mazzeo Giovanni R , Yu Yang , Nystrom Taylor L , Tern Courtney , Erickson Priscilla A , Bergland Alan O 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Fluctuations in the strength and direction of natural selection through time are a ubiquitous feature of life on Earth. One evolutionary outcome of such fluctuations is adaptive tracking, wherein populations rapidly adapt from standing genetic variation. In certain circumstances, adaptive tracking can lead to the long-term maintenance of functional polymorphism despite allele frequency change due to selection. Although adaptive tracking is likely a common process, we still have a limited understanding of aspects of its genetic architecture and its strength relative to other evolutionary forces such as drift. Drosophila melanogaster living in temperate regions evolve to track seasonal fluctuations and are an excellent system to tackle these gaps in knowledge. By sequencing orchard populations collected across multiple years, we characterized the genomic signal of seasonal demography and identified that the cosmopolitan inversion In(2L)t facilitates seasonal adaptive tracking and shows molecular footprints of selection. A meta-analysis of phenotypic studies shows that seasonal loci within In(2L)t are associated with behavior, life history, physiology, and morphological traits. We identify candidate loci and experimentally link them to phenotype. Our work contributes to our general understanding of fluctuating selection and highlights the evolutionary outcome and dynamics of contemporary selection on inversions.
Incidence and Prevalence of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: A Meta-analysis of Population-based Studies
Authors: Cooper Jared , Markovinovic Ante , Coward Stephanie , Herauf Michelle , Shaheen Abdel-Aziz , Swain Mark , Panaccione Remo , Ma Christopher , Lu Cathy , Novak Kerri , Kroeker Karen I , Ng Siew C , Kaplan Gilaad G 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic liver disease associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies of the incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Methods
Medline and Embase were systematically searched to identify population-based studies of a defined geographic area and reported the incidence or prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in the general population. Meta-analyses, using random-effects, were performed to calculate overall and country-specific incidence (per 100 000 persons/year) and prevalence rates (per 100 000 persons) with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
The 14 studies on incidence and the 12 for prevalence originated from North America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Incidence and prevalence rates of primary sclerosing cholangitis were 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.59-1.29) and 13.53 (95% confidence interval, 10.20-17.94) per 100 000 persons, respectively.

Conclusions
Both the prevalence and incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis is low in the general population. Future studies on the incidence and prevalence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in the general population should be directed at Asia, Africa, and Latin America to allow for a more robust assessment of the global epidemiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Turbulent convection in protoplanetary discs and its role in angular momentum transfer
Authors: Kurbatov E P , Pavlyuchenkov Ya N 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a model for the transport of anisotropic turbulence in an accretion disc. The model uses the Reynolds stress tensor approach in the mean field approximation. To study the role of convection in a protoplanetary disc, we combine the turbulence model with a radiative transfer calculation, and also include convection using the mixing length approximation. We find that the turbulence generated by convection causes the angular momentum of the accretion disc to be directed outwards. We also confirm the conclusions of other authors that turbulent convection is unable to provide the observed disc accretion rates as well as a heat source sufficient for the convection to be self-sustaining. The reasons for the latter are the strong anisotropy of the turbulence together with the low efficiency of the energy transfer from the background velocity shear to the turbulent stress tensor.
A global 3D simulation of magnetospheric accretion – I. Magnetically disrupted discs and surface accretion
Authors: Zhu Zhaohuan , Stone James M , Calvet Nuria 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a 3D ideal MHD simulation of magnetospheric accretion on to a non-rotating star. The accretion process unfolds with intricate 3D structures driven by various mechanisms. First, the disc develops filaments at the magnetospheric truncation radius (RT) due to magnetic interchange instability. These filaments penetrate deep into the magnetosphere, form multiple accretion columns, and eventually impact the star at ∼30o from the poles at nearly the free-fall speed. Over 50 per cent (90 per cent) of accretion occurs on just 5 per cent (20 per cent) of the stellar surface. Secondly, the disc region outside RT develops large-scale magnetically dominated bubbles, again due to magnetic interchange instability. These bubbles orbit at a sub-Keplerian speed, persisting for a few orbits while leading to asymmetric mass ejection. The disc outflow is overall weak because of mostly closed field lines. Thirdly, magnetically supported surface accretion regions appear above the disc, resembling a magnetized disc threaded by net vertical fields, a departure from traditional magnetospheric accretion models. Stellar fields are efficiently transported into the disc region due to above instabilities, contrasting with the ‘X-wind’ model. The accretion rate on to the star remains relatively steady with a 23 per cent standard deviation. The periodogram reveals variability occurring at around 0.2 times the Keplerian frequency at RT, linked to the large-scale magnetic bubbles. The ratio of the spin-up torque to $\dot{M}(GM_*R_T)^{1/2}$ is around 0.8. Finally, after scaling the simulation, we investigate planet migration in the inner protoplanetary disc. The disc driven migration is slow in the MHD turbulent disc beyond RT, while aerodynamic drag plays a significant role in migration within RT.
Seismic and spectroscopic analysis of nine bright red giants observed by Kepler
Authors: Coelho H R , Miglio A , Morel T , Lagarde N , Bossini D , Chaplin W J , Degl’Innocenti S , Dell’Omodarme M , Garcia R A , Handberg R , Hekker S , Huber D , Lund M N , Mathur S , Prada Moroni P G , Mosser B , Serenelli A , Rainer M , do Nascimento J D , Poretti E , Mathias P , Valle G , Dal Tio P , Duarte T 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Photometric time series gathered by space telescopes such as CoRoT and Kepler allow to detect solar-like oscillations in red giant stars and to measure their global seismic constraints, which can be used to infer global stellar properties (e.g. masses, radii, and evolutionary states). Combining such precise constraints with photospheric abundances provides a means of testing mixing processes that occur inside red-giant stars. In this work, we conduct a detailed spectroscopic and seismic analysis of nine nearby (d &lt; 200 pc) red giant stars observed by Kepler. Both seismic constraints and grid-based modelling approaches are used to determine precise fundamental parameters for those evolved stars. We compare distances and radii derived from Gaia Data Release 3 parallaxes with those inferred by a combination of seismic, spectroscopic, and photometric constraints. We find no deviations within errors bars, however the small sample size and the associated uncertainties are a limiting factor for such comparison. We use the period spacing of mixed modes to distinguish between ascending red-giants and red clump stars. Based on the evolutionary status, we apply corrections to the values of Δν for some stars, resulting in a slight improvement to the agreement between seismic and photometric distances. Finally, we couple constraints on detailed chemical abundances with the inferred masses, radii, and evolutionary states. Our results corroborate previous studies that show that observed abundances of lithium and carbon isotopic ratio are in contrast with predictions from standard models, giving robust evidence for the occurrence of additional mixing during the red-giant phase.
DESI mock challenge: constructing DESI galaxy catalogues based on FastPM simulations
Authors: Variu Andrei , Alam Shadab , Zhao Cheng , Chuang Chia-Hsun , Yu Yu , Forero-Sánchez Daniel , Ding Zhejie , Kneib Jean-Paul , Aguilar Jessica Nicole , Ahlen Steven , Brooks David , Claybaugh Todd , Cole Shaun , Dawson Kyle , de la Macorra Axel , Doel Peter , Forero-Romero Jaime E , Gontcho Satya Gontcho A , Honscheid Klaus , Landriau Martin , Manera Marc , Miquel Ramon , Nie Jundan , Percival Will , Poppett Claire , Rezaie Mehdi , Rossi Graziano , Sanchez Eusebio , Schubnell Michael , Seo Hee-Jong , Tarlé Gregory , Magana Mariana Vargas , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Together with larger spectroscopic surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), the precision of large-scale structure studies and thus the constraints on the cosmological parameters are rapidly improving. Therefore, one must build realistic simulations and robust covariance matrices. We build galaxy catalogues by applying a halo occupation distribution (HOD) model upon the FastPM simulations, such that the resulting galaxy clustering reproduces high-resolution N-body simulations. While the resolution and halo finder are different from the reference simulations, we reproduce the reference galaxy two-point clustering measurements – monopole and quadrupole – to a precision required by the DESI Year 1 emission line galaxy sample down to non-linear scales, i.e. $k\lt 0.5\, h\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ or $s\gt 10\, \mathrm{Mpc}\, h^{-1}$. Furthermore, we compute covariance matrices based on the resulting FastPM galaxy clustering – monopole and quadrupole. We study for the first time the effect of fitting on Fourier conjugate (e.g. power spectrum) on the covariance matrix of the Fourier counterpart (e.g. correlation function). We estimate the uncertainties of the two parameters of a simple clustering model and observe a maximum variation of 20 per cent for the different covariance matrices. Nevertheless, for most studied scales the scatter is between 2 and 10 per cent. Consequently, using the current pipeline we can precisely reproduce the clustering of N-body simulations and the resulting covariance matrices provide robust uncertainty estimations against HOD fitting scenarios. We expect our methodology will be useful for the coming DESI data analyses and their extension for other studies.
A fundamental plane of black hole accretion at millimetre wavelengths
Authors: Ruffa Ilaria , Davis Timothy A , Elford Jacob S , Bureau Martin , Cappellari Michele , Gensior Jindra , Haggard Daryl , Iguchi Satoru , Lelli Federico , Liang Fu-Heng , Liu Lijie , Sarzi Marc , Williams Thomas G , Zhang Hengyue 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of the ‘mm fundamental plane of black hole accretion’, which is a tight correlation between the nuclear 1 mm luminosity (Lν, mm), the intrinsic 2–10 keV X-ray luminosity (LX, 2–10) and the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass (MBH) with an intrinsic scatter (σint) of 0.40 dex. The plane is found for a sample of 48 nearby galaxies, most of which are low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. Combining these sources with a sample of high-luminosity (quasar-like) nearby AGN, we show that the plane still holds. We also find that MBH correlates with Lν, mm at a highly significant level, although such correlation is less tight than the mm fundamental plane (σint = 0.51 dex). Crucially, we show that spectral energy distribution (SED) models for both advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) and compact jets can explain the existence of these relations, which are not reproduced by the standard torus-thin accretion disc models usually associated to quasar-like AGN. The ADAF models reproduces the observed relations somewhat better than those for compact jets, although neither provides a perfect fit. Our findings thus suggest that radiatively inefficient accretion processes such as those in ADAFs or compact (and thus possibly young) jets may play a key role in both low- and high-luminosity AGN. This mm fundamental plane also offers a new, rapid method to (indirectly) estimate SMBH masses.
The multiwavelength picture of GRB 221009A’s afterglow
Authors: Klinger Marc , Taylor Andrew M , Parsotan Tyler , Beardmore Andrew , Heinz Sebastian , Zhu Sylvia J 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present counts-level fits to the multi-instrument (keV–GeV) data of the early afterglow (4 ks, 22 ks) of the brightest gamma-ray burst detected to date, GRB 221009A. The complexity of the data reduction, due to the unprecedented brightness and the location in the Galactic plane, is critically addressed. The energy spectrum is found to be well described by a smoothly broken power law with a break energy at a few keV. Three interpretations (slow/fast cooling or the transition between these) within the framework of forward shock synchrotron emission, from accelerated and subsequently cooled electrons, are found. The physical implications for each of these scenarios are discussed.
Investigating the Telerehabilitation With Aims to Improve Lower Extremity Recovery Poststroke Program: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Park Sarah , Tang Ada , Barclay Ruth , Bayley Mark , Eng Janice J , Mackay-Lyons Marilyn , Pollock Courtney , Pooyania Sepideh , Teasell Robert , Yao Jennifer , Sakakibara Brodie M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of a progressive virtual exercise and self-management intervention, the TeleRehabilitation with Aims to Improve Lower extremity recovery poststroke program (TRAIL), in individuals with stroke.

Methods
A single group pre-post study design was used. Thirty-two participants were recruited who were aged 19 years or older, had a stroke within 18 months of the beginning of the study, had hemiparesis of the lower extremity, and were able to tolerate 50 minutes of activity. Participants completed TRAIL, a synchronous exercise and self-management program delivered via videoconferencing. Participants received 8 telerehabilitation sessions over 4 weeks that were 60 to 90 minutes, with a trained physical therapist in a ≤2 to 1 participant-to-therapist ratio. Feasibility indicators in the areas of process (recruitment and retention rates, perceived satisfaction), resources (treatment fidelity and adherence, participant and assessor burden, therapist burden), management (equipment, processing time), and scientific indicators (safety, treatment response, treatment effect) were collected throughout the study using a priori criteria for success. The treatment effect was examined on the Timed “Up & Go” test, the virtual Fugl–Meyer Lower Extremity Assessment, the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test, the Functional Reach, the Tandem Stand, the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, the Stroke Impact Scale, and the Goal Attainment Scale.

Results
Forty-seven individuals were screened, of which 32 (78% male; median age of 64.5 years) were included for the study from 5 sites across Canada. Nine feasibility indicators met our study-specific threshold criteria for success: retention rate (0 dropouts), perceived satisfaction, treatment fidelity, adherence, therapist burden, equipment, and safety. In terms of treatment response and effect, improvements were observed in Timed “Up & Go” test (Cohen d = 0.57); Fugl–Meyer Lower Extremity Assessment (d = 0.76); 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test (d = 0.89); and Goal Attainment Scale (d = 0.95).

Conclusion
The delivery of TRAIL, a lower extremity stroke rehabilitation program using videoconferencing technology, is feasible and appears to have positive influences on mobility, lower extremity impairment, strength, and goal attainment.

Impact
Community-based telerehabilitation programs, such as TRAIL, could extend the continuum of care during the transition back to community postdischarge or during global disruptions, such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Delivery of synchronous lower extremity rehabilitation via videoconferencing to community-dwelling stroke survivors is feasible.
The Mexican trust: A reliable security mechanism in international finance transactions
Authors: Ibarra Garza Rafael , Quiles Eric 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this article, we will show why the Mexican guaranty trust has emerged as a preferred security mechanism in international finance transactions due to its reliability and multifaceted benefits, such as (i) it functions as a bankruptcy remote special purpose vehicle; (ii) it grants legal certainty to the parties of the trust agreement; (iii) the institutionalization of the trustee assures professionalism; (iv) a wide range of assets can be the object of guaranty trust; (v) it has a more efficient enforcement procedure; and (vi) it has tax exceptions available.
Comparative Randomized Study between Pulsed Radiofrequency and Suprascapular Nerve Block for the Treatment of Chronic Shoulder Pain
Authors: Bergamaschi Esthael Cristina Querido Avelar , Sakata Rioko Kimiko , Giraldes Ana Laura Albertoni , Ferraro Leonardo Henrique da Cunha 
Published: December 2023

Objectives:
The primary objective of this study was to compare pain intensity after pulsed radiofrequence (RF) or suprascapular nerve block for the treatment of chronic shoulder pain. The secondary objectives were to compare the shoulder range of motion and supplementary analgesic requirement.

Methods:
This randomized, and prospective study included 40 patients, with chronic shoulder pain allocated into two groups. One group underwent pulsed RF, and other group was submitted to block (B) of suprascapular nerve, guided by ultrasound. There were assessed for 12 weeks regarding pain intensity, need for analgesia supplementation, and shoulder range of motion. Side effects were recorded.

Results:
Pain intensity on movement was lower in the RF group after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. At rest, pain intensity was lower in group RF than in group B after 12 weeks. Pain intensity was lower than before the procedure at all times evaluated, in both groups. There was no difference between groups in the range of motion. There was a need for tramadol supplementation in 1 patient in group RF and 2 in group B. Adverse effects observed were: local pain (RF: 1), hematoma (RF: 1; B: 1), and lipothymia (B: 2).

Discussion:
Pulsed RF on the suprascapular nerve promoted an analgesic effect for 12 weeks. Regarding the intensity of pain on movement and at rest, there was a trend towards a better effect with RF than with nerve blockage treatment. In both groups, there was a reduction in pain intensity without serious adverse effects.
Far Lateral Lumbar Decompression Using the Far-Lateral Approach
Authors: Jacob Alina , Mannion Anne F. , Pieringer Alexander , Loibl Markus , Porchet François , Reitmeir Raluca , Kleinstück Frank , Fekete Tamas F. , Jeszenszky Dezsö , Haschtmann Daniel 
Published: December 2023

Study Design.
Single centre retrospective study of prospectively collected data.

Objective.
Analyse factors associated with patient reported outcome after far lateral decompression surgery (FLDS) for lumbar nerve root compression using the far-lateral approach.

Summary of Background Data.
To date, no studies have investigated the influence of vertebral level, coronal segmental Cobb angle, and the nature of the compressive tissue (hard/soft) on patient reported outcome following FLDS.

Methods.
Patients who had undergone FLDS between 2005 and 2020 were included. Coronal segmental angle (CSCA) was measured on preoperative, posteroanterior radiographs. Primary outcome measure was the Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) score at 2 years’ follow-up (2Y-FU). Patients who had undergone microsurgical decompression using a midline approach (MID) served as a comparator group.

Results.
There were 148 FLDS and 463 MID patients. In both groups there was a significant improvement in COMI score from preoperative to 2Y-FU (P<0.0001), with greater improvement in patients treated at higher vertebral levels than in those treated at L5/S1 (P=0.014). Baseline COMI, ASA grade, BMI, and low back pain as the “chief complaint” all had a significant association with the 2-year COMI score. The nature of compressive tissue showed no association with COMI score at 2Y-FU. In the FLDS group, there was a statistically significant correlation between the preoperative CSCA and change in COMI score preoperatively to 2Y-FU (P<0.001). The association was retained in multiple regression analysis controlling for confounders. A one-degree increase in CSCA was associated with a 0.35-point worse COMI score at 2Y-FU (P=0.003).

Conclusion.
Treatment of far lateral nerve root compression showed overall good patient reported outcome, but with less improvement with advanced coronal segmental angulation. Modified approaches and techniques might be preferable for the level L5/S1.
UBXN9 inhibits the RNA exosome function to promote T cell control of liver tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhang Li , Jiao Kun , Liu Yun , Xu Guiqin , Yang Zhaojuan , Xiang Lvzhu , Chen Zehong , Xu Chen , Zuo You , Wu Zhibai , Zheng Ningqian , Zhang Xiaoren , Xia Qiang , Liu Yongzhong 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims:
Liver tumorigenesis encompasses oncogenic activation and self-adaptation of various biological processes in premalignant hepatocytes to circumvent the pressure of cellular stress and host immune control. Ubiquitin regulatory X domain-containing proteins (UBXNs) participate in the regulation of certain signaling pathways. However, whether UBXN proteins function in the development of liver cancer remains unclear.

Approach and Results:
Here, we demonstrated that UBXN9 (Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma Chromosomal Region Candidate Gene 1 Protein/Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma Locus) expression was decreased in autochthonous oncogene-induced mouse liver tumors and ~47.7% of human HCCs, and associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. UBXN9 attenuated liver tumorigenesis induced by different oncogenic factors and tumor growth of transplanted liver tumor cells in immuno-competent mice. Mechanistically, UBXN9 significantly inhibited the function of the RNA exosome, resulting in increased expression of RLR-stimulatory RNAs and activation of the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-IFN-Ι signaling in tumor cells, and hence potentiated T cell recruitment and immune control of tumor growth. Abrogation of the CD8+ T cell response or inhibition of tumor cell retinoic acid-inducible gene-I signaling efficiently counteracted the UBXN9-mediated suppression of liver tumor growth.

Conclusions:
Our results reveal a modality in which UBXN9 promotes the stimulatory RNA-induced retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-interferon signaling that induces anti-tumor T cell response in liver tumorigenesis. Targeted manipulation of the UBXN9-RNA exosome circuit may have the potential to reinstate the immune control of liver tumor growth.