bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of human endothelial cells by tumor necrosis factor‐α results in profound changes in the expression of glycosylation‐related genes
Authors: García‐Vallejo Juan J. , Van Dijk Willem , Van Het Hof Bert , Van Die Irma , Engelse Marten A. , Van Hinsbergh Victor W.M. , Gringhuis Sonja I. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe endothelium plays a central role in the logistics of the immune system by allowing the selective transmigration of leukocytes, as well as the maintenance of the circulation and coagulation homeostasis. Evidence is increasing that the carbohydrate composition of the endothelial cell surface is critical for the cells to exert their physiological function. The major aim of this study is to unravel the mechanisms underlying the expression of carbohydrate structures by endothelial cells, which are involved in leukocyte adhesion and migration. Using quantitative real‐time PCR, the expression profile of a selected group of 74 glycosylation‐related genes has been determined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human foreskin microvascular endothelial cells (FMVEC) under control and TNFα‐induced conditions. The set of genes comprised 59 glycosyltransferases, 6 mannosidases and 9 sulfotransferases. In parallel, the overall cell surface glycan profile has been assessed by the use of glycan‐specific lectins and monoclonal antibodies. The results demonstrate that HUVEC and FMVEC differ substantially in the expression of glycosylation‐related genes and, accordingly, also in the presence of different glycan epitopes on the cell membrane. Induction of an inflamed phenotype of the cells by treatment with TNFα differentially modulates a set of these genes in HUVEC and FMVEC resulting in a change in the cell membrane associated glycans that are of importance in inflammation‐related endothelial cell‐surface processes. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attracting retirees to apply: desired organizational characteristics of bridge employment
Authors: Rau Barbara L. , Adams Gary A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis research examined the impact of three organizational policies on applicant attraction of 120 older workers with an interest in bridge employment (i.e., work after formal retirement). Using a mock newspaper ad to manipulate policies, scheduling flexibility, and a targeted equal employment opportunity (EEO) statement positively influenced older workers' attraction to the organization, while opportunities to transfer knowledge had little impact. A significant and positive three‐way interaction suggested that older workers are sensitive to the strength of the overall message such that the effects of all three policies when seen together were greater than the sum of their individual effects. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple perspectives of congruence: relationships between value congruence and employee attitudes
Authors: Ostroff Cheri , Shin Yuhyung , Kinicki Angelo J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe relative importance of multiple types of value congruence—person–environment (P‐E), person–person (P‐P), and perceptual fit—across two hierarchical levels (workgroup and manager) and across multiple dimensions of values was investigated in a sample of 951 employees from 113 bank branches. As expected, different types of value congruence and different value dimensions were differentially important for outcomes. Both P‐E fit (between an individual's personal values and the cultural values of the organization) and perceptual fit (between an individual's perception of the organization's values and the organization's values as perceived by others) were found to be related to satisfaction, commitment, and turnover intentions, while P‐P fit (between an individual's personal values and the personal values of others) was not. Further, P‐E congruence results were generally stronger for fit with the workgroup than fit with the manager and results were stronger for the rational goal dimension which focused on external customer service. In contrast, results for perceptual fit revealed that fit was generally more important for fit with the manager than fit with the workgroup and was generally more important for the open system dimension which focused on flexibility and innovation. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the construct validity and utility of two new influence tactics
Authors: Yukl Gary , Chavez Carolyn , Seifert Charles F. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractProgress in developing theories of interpersonal influence depends on the identification of meaningful and measurable constructs for classifying influence behavior. We assessed the construct validity and relative effectiveness of two new influence tactics with a field survey study, an incident study, and a laboratory experiment. The confirmatory factor analysis of data from the survey study indicated that collaboration and apprising were distinct from nine proactive tactics identified in earlier research. Additional evidence for construct validity was provided by a comparison of tactics in terms of expected differences in influence outcomes, frequency of use, and differential use with subordinates and peers. Managers who understand the differences among the tactics will be more effective in influencing people in organizations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating return periods of extreme events from ECMWF seasonal forecast ensembles
Authors: van den Brink H. W. , Können G. P. , Opsteegh J. D. , van Oldenborgh G. J. , Burgers G. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractMeteorological extremes have large impacts on society. The fact that approximately 40% of the Netherlands is below sea level makes this country especially vulnerable to flooding, both from the sea and from rivers. This has resulted in extensive research on the statistics of extremes. However, applications to meteorological and hydrological situations are always hampered by the brevity of the available datasets, as the required return levels exceed the record lengths by a factor of 10 to 100. In order to overcome this problem, we use archived data from all past seasonal forecast ensemble runs of the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) since 1987 as input for extreme‐value statistics analysis. We make use of the fact that the seasonal forecast has little seasonal skill for the Netherlands, which implies that the ensembles can be regarded as independent sets that cumulate to over 1500 years.We investigate the hydraulic response in the Netherlands to extreme synoptic‐scale weather systems by studying the extreme‐value distributions of sea storm surge levels, waves and river discharges. The application is detailed in four practical examples originating from coastal protection, river flooding protection, and water management problems. The long record length of the ECMWF data reduces the uncertainty in the 103‐year and the 104‐year return values considerably with respect to the results based on observational time series. The ECMWF dataset gives the opportunity to explore the distribution of events that depend on several kinds of extreme. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society.
Change in mean temperature as a predictor of extreme temperature change in the Asia–Pacific region
Authors: Griffiths G. M. , Chambers L. E. , Haylock M. R. , Manton M. J. , Nicholls N. , Baek H.‐J. , Choi Y. , Della‐Marta P. M. , Gosai A. , Iga N. , Lata R. , Laurent V. , Maitrepierre L. , Nakamigawa H. , Ouprasitwong N. , Solofa D. , Tahani L. , Thuy D. T. , Tibig L. , Trewin B. , Vediapan K. , Zhai P. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTrends (1961–2003) in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, extremes and variance were found to be spatially coherent across the Asia–Pacific region. The majority of stations exhibited significant trends: increases in mean maximum and mean minimum temperature, decreases in cold nights and cool days, and increases in warm nights. No station showed a significant increase in cold days or cold nights, but a few sites showed significant decreases in hot days and warm nights. Significant decreases were observed in both maximum and minimum temperature standard deviation in China, Korea and some stations in Japan (probably reflecting urbanization effects), but also for some Thailand and coastal Australian sites. The South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) region between Fiji and the Solomon Islands showed a significant increase in maximum temperature variability.Correlations between mean temperature and the frequency of extreme temperatures were strongest in the tropical Pacific Ocean from French Polynesia to Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and southern Japan. Correlations were weaker at continental or higher latitude locations, which may partly reflect urbanization.For non‐urban stations, the dominant distribution change for both maximum and minimum temperature involved a change in the mean, impacting on one or both extremes, with no change in standard deviation. This occurred from French Polynesia to Papua New Guinea (except for maximum temperature changes near the SPCZ), in Malaysia, the Philippines, and several outlying Japanese islands. For urbanized stations the dominant change was a change in the mean and variance, impacting on one or both extremes. This result was particularly evident for minimum temperature.The results presented here, for non‐urban tropical and maritime locations in the Asia–Pacific region, support the hypothesis that changes in mean temperature may be used to predict changes in extreme temperatures. At urbanized or higher latitude locations, changes in variance should be incorporated. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society.
Effect of β‐Sheet Crystals on the Thermal and Rheological Behavior of Protein‐Based Hydrogels Derived from Gelatin and Silk Fibroin
Authors: Gil Eun S. , Spontak Richard J. , Hudson Samuel M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: Novel protein‐based hydrogels have been prepared by blending gelatin (G) with amorphous Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) and subsequently promoting the formation of β‐sheet crystals in SF upon exposure to methanol or methanol/water solutions. Differential scanning calorimetry of the resultant hydrogels confirms the presence and thermoreversibility of the G helix‐coil transition between ambient and body temperature at high G concentrations. At low G concentrations, this transition is shifted to higher temperatures and becomes progressively less pronounced. Complementary dynamic rheological measurements reveal solid‐liquid cross‐over at the G helix‐coil transition temperature typically between 30 and 36 °C in blends prior to the formation of β‐sheet crystals. Introducing the β‐sheet conformation in SF stabilizes the hydrogel network and extends the solid‐like behavior of the hydrogels to elevated temperatures beyond body temperature with as little as 10 wt.‐% SF. The temperature‐dependent elastic modulus across the G helix‐coil transition is reversible, indicating that the conformational change in G can be used in stabilized G/SF hydrogels to induce thermally triggered encapsulant release.Thermally reversible helix‐coil conformational transition of gelatin in mixed gelatin/silk fibroin hydrogels.magnified imageThermally reversible helix‐coil conformational transition of gelatin in mixed gelatin/silk fibroin hydrogels.
Novel Polymers to Study the Influence of the Azobenzene Content on the Photo‐Induced Surface Relief Grating Formation
Authors: Börger Volker , Kuliskovska Olga , G.‐Hubmann Kati , Stumpe Joachim , Huber Marco , Menzel Henning 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: The influence of the azobenzene concentration on the photo‐induced surface relief grating (SRG) formation in polymer films was investigated. Two series of polymers with 4‐alkoxy‐4′‐cyanoazobenzene side groups were synthesized. In series A, the degree of substitution was varied, while in series B, azobenzene and biphenyl groups were introduced in varying composition, but the concentration of non‐reacted HEMA‐groups was kept constant. Photo‐induction of the dichroism and the SRG was studied as function of the azobenzene concentration. An optimum was found for the SRG formation (76%), while the highest dichroism was induced at the lowest azobenzene concentration of 20%. The restriction of rotational and translational molecular motions observed at higher azobenzene concentration was explained by π‐π stacking of the azobenzene moieties and interaction of unreacted HEMA groups.AFM topography image of surface relief grating in polymer B‐76.magnified imageAFM topography image of surface relief grating in polymer B‐76.
Definability degrees
Authors: Friedman Sy D. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe establish the equiconsistency of a simple statement in definability theory with the failure of the GCH at all infinite cardinals. The latter was shown by Foreman and Woodin ([2]) to be consistent, relative to the existence of large cardinals. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of Polyelectrolyte Structural Features on Flocculation Behavior: Cationic Polysaccharides vs. Synthetic Polycations
Authors: Bratskaya Svetlana , Schwarz Simona , Laube Johannes , Liebert Tim , Heinze Thomas , Krentz Oliver , Lohmann Claudia , Kulicke Werner‐Michael 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: Growing demand for environmentally friendly technologies promotes the interest in investigation of natural flocculants and development of new ways of their derivatization aimed to find a compromise between cost, efficiency, and safety in polyelectrolyte applications. Recent progress in cationization of natural starch [T. Heinze et al., Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2002, 287, 495] allowed obtaining cationic starch derivatives (2‐hydroxy‐3‐trimethylammoniumpropyl starch chloride) with very high substitution degrees (up to 1.54) that made them together with aminopolysaccharide chitosan the most promising candidates to replace synthetic flocculants in various industrial sectors. In this paper the flocculation efficiency of chitosan, cationic polyacrylamide copolymers (Praestols), and two series of cationic starch derivatives varying in substitution degree and amylose/amylopectin ratio is investigated to answer the following questions: do cationic polysaccharides and synthetic polymers show comparable efficiency; does high degree of starch functionalization significantly improve its flocculation behavior in comparison with commercially available starch products; and whether the amylose/amylopectin ratio (i.e. ratio of linear/branched polymers) plays a role in flocculation behavior of highly substituted cationic starch derivatives.Chemical structures of chitosan and cationic starch derivatives.magnified imageChemical structures of chitosan and cationic starch derivatives.
Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Nanoparticle‐Incorporated PNIPAAm Hydrogels with Fast Shrinking Kinetics
Authors: Zhang Jian‐Tao , Huang Shi‐Wen , Xue Ya‐Nan , Zhuo Ren‐Xi 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: Novel temperature‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) nanoparticle‐containing PNIPAAm hydrogels were prepared by radical polymerization. In comparison with conventional PNIPAAm hydrogels, the PNIPAAm gels thus prepared exhibit much faster response rates as the temperature is raised above the lower critical solution temperature. The improved properties are a result of the incorporation of PNIPAAm particles, which first shrink and then generate pores for water molecules to be quickly squeezed out of the bulky PNIPAAm gels.Schematic illustration of the shrinking process: (I) First PNIPAAm particles shrink and generate pores; (II) the bulky gels then shrink further at a rapid rate.imageSchematic illustration of the shrinking process: (I) First PNIPAAm particles shrink and generate pores; (II) the bulky gels then shrink further at a rapid rate.
Fluctuation‐Assisted Crystallization: In a Simultaneous Phase Separation and Crystallization Polyolefin Blend System
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Wang Zhigang , Muthukumar Murugappan , Han Charles C. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: The liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) is often coupled with other ordering processes such as crystallization. In a polyolefin blend system, overwhelming changes in crystallization kinetics due to concentration fluctuation caused by spontaneous spinodal LLPS have been observed. Consequently, we are proposing a new mechanism of “fluctuation‐assisted crystallization”. In this process, the usual nucleation barrier could be overcome (or at least partially) by the spontaneous fluctuation growth of LLPS in the spinodal region.Time‐resolved polarized optical micrographs for poly(ethylene‐co‐hexene) (PEH)/poly(ethylene‐co‐butene) (PEB) = 40:60 isothermally crystallized at 117 °C for 2 min after LLPS at 135 °C for the times shown and the nucleation rates at 117 °C as a function of LLPS time at 135 °C.imageTime‐resolved polarized optical micrographs for poly(ethylene‐co‐hexene) (PEH)/poly(ethylene‐co‐butene) (PEB) = 40:60 isothermally crystallized at 117 °C for 2 min after LLPS at 135 °C for the times shown and the nucleation rates at 117 °C as a function of LLPS time at 135 °C.
Biodegradable Poly(ester hydrazide)s via Enzymatic Polymerization
Authors: Métral Guillaume , Wentland Jewgenia , Thomann Yi , Tiller Joerg C. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: The reaction of hydrazine with ethyl glycolate results in 1,2‐bisglycoylhydrazine, a monomer that was used for the lipase‐catalyzed synthesis of biodegradable poly(ester hydrazide)s. The polymers derived from the hydrazide‐containing monomer and vinyl‐activated adipic, suberic, and sebacic acid, respectively, showed low melting temperatures of 136 to 141 °C and are thermally stable up to 300 °C. The aliphatic poly(ester hydrazide)s (PEHs) are highly crystalline, as proven by polarization microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Further, the PEHs represent the first described biodegradable poly(hydrazide)s. They degrade in the presence of lipase at 37 °C within a few weeks.Synthetic route to poly(ester hydrazide)s.imageSynthetic route to poly(ester hydrazide)s.
Heat Stabilizers as Activators in Coordination Polymerization
Authors: Schellenberg Jürgen 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSummary: The solvent‐free syndiospecific styrene polymerization as an example of a coordination polymerization has been investigated with a catalyst system consisting of η5‐octahydrofluorenyl titanium trimethoxide as a transition metal catalyst, MAO as a cocatalyst, and TIBA, in the presence of reaction products of sterically hindered phenolic compounds, usually applied as heat stabilizers of polymers. Unexpectedly, such reaction products led to a significant increase in polymerization activity of the catalyst system. Second, after deactivation of the catalyst system, such activators result in a significantly enhanced thermal stability of the syndiotactic polymers received.Effect of the P8‐activator on polymerization activity in dependence on polymerization time (molar ratio–styrene:MAO:TIBA:P:Ti = 700 000:50:25:25:1; molar ratio–phenolic compound:TIBA = 1:3.2; polymerization temperature: 50 °C).imageEffect of the P8‐activator on polymerization activity in dependence on polymerization time (molar ratio–styrene:MAO:TIBA:P:Ti = 700 000:50:25:25:1; molar ratio–phenolic compound:TIBA = 1:3.2; polymerization temperature: 50 °C).
Mouse diaphragm assay for detection of antibodies against botulinum toxin type B
Authors: Dressler Dirk , Lange M. , Bigalke Hans 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWith the advent of a commercial preparation of botulinum toxin type B (BT‐B) for treatment of cervical dystonia detection of antibodies against BT‐B (BT‐B‐AB) becomes necessary. For this purpose, we carried out a mouse diaphragm assay (MDA) by continuous measurement of the twitch force of a mouse hemidiaphragm preparation elicited by electric stimulation of its phrenic nerve. After exposing the preparation to BT‐B 3 ng/ml the time to half‐maximal twitch force reduction (paralysis time [PT]) was 69 ± 4 min (n = 25). Addition of sera from patients with antibodies against BT‐A produced a PT of 68 ± 5 min (n = 24), whereas addition of sera from controls with antibodies against tetanus toxoid produced a PT of 67 ± 6 min (n = 30). When defined amounts of BT‐B‐AB were added to the MDA, PT was prolonged. This prolongation was correlated closely to the amount of BT‐B‐AB added, thus producing a calibration curve. The threshold for BT‐B‐AB detection was 0.4 mU/ml. When sera from 7 patients (4 women, 3 men; age 50.6 ± 14.2 years) with cervical dystonia (Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale score, 18.9 ± 2.9) and complete secondary failure of BT‐B therapy (NeuroBloc; Elan Pharmaceuticals, Shannon, Ireland; 12,229 ± 2,601 MU/injection series, 1.86 ± 0.69 injection series before complete secondary therapy failure; 100.4 ± 15.8 days between injection series with normal therapeutic effect) were tested, BT‐B‐AB titers of more than 10 mU/ml were found in all of them. The MDA can be used to measure neutralizing BT‐B‐AB titers quantitatively and with adequate sensitivity and specificity. Further studies are necessary to understand the role of intermediate BT‐B‐AB titers in partial BT‐B therapy failure. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Daytime sleep latency in medication‐matched parkinsonian patients with and without sudden onset of sleep
Authors: Möller J. Carsten , Rethfeldt Mira , Körner Yvonne , Stiasny‐Kolster Karin , Cassel Werner , Meindorfner Charlotte , Rissling Ida , Krüger Hans‐Peter , Oertel Wolfgang H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractCurrently, it is unclear whether sleep attacks in Parkinson's disease (PD) represent a novel entity or just a phenomenon of daytime sleepiness. We investigated 10 PD patients with sleep attacks and compared them with 10 PD patients without any daytime sleepiness. The patients were matched according to their dopaminergic medication and subjected to a sleep medical investigation. The mean sleep latency on the multiple sleep latency test was in the normal range and not significantly different between the groups. These data suggest that sleep attacks can occur against a background of normal alertness. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Sperm dysfunction in the Rb(6.16)‐ and Rb(6.15)‐bearing mice revisited: Involvement of Hyalp1 and Hyal5
Authors: Zhang Hong , Shertok Stacy , Miller Kimberly , Taylor Leslie , Martin‐DeLeon Patricia A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractEarlier we showed that Sperm adhesion molecule1 (Spam1), the best studied sperm hyaluronidase, is involved in the sperm dysfunction associated with Robertsonian translocations (Rb). The dysfunction results in reduced fertility in mice homozygous for the Rb(6.16) or the Rb(6.15) translocation and transmission ratio distortion (TRD) in heterozygous males. This conclusion was based on the finding that Spam1 in the Rbs harbors multiple point mutations and a genomic alteration at the locus [in the case of Rb(6.16)]; and is accompanied by reduced steady‐state levels of the RNA and protein. Here we show that closely linked family members in the hyaluronidase gene cluster on mouse chromosome 6, Hyalp1 and Hyal5, also harbor point mutations in these Rbs, leading to nonconservative substitutions in both the encoded proteins. To test if Spam1 by itself is capable of producing TRD we analyzed the transmission of wild‐type and null alleles of the gene in the progeny of carriers and show that there is no significant TRD. This lack of TRD in null carriers argues for only a contributory role of Spam1 in the TRD seen in the Rb‐bearing mice, and supports the involvement of Hyalp1 and/or Hyal5 in the sperm dysfunction and the resulting TRD. It is proposed that the clustering of point mutations in all three genes results from the cumulative effect of spontaneous mutations that do not disperse in the population due to suppression of recombination that occurs at Rb junctions. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.