bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compartmentation of the mouse cerebellar cortex by neuronal calcium sensor‐1
Authors: Jinno Shozo , Jeromin Andreas , Roder John , Kosaka Toshio 
Published: March 2003

AbstractNeuronal calcium sensor‐1 (NCS‐1) is a member of the EF‐hand calcium‐binding protein superfamily, which is considered to modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. The detailed distribution of NCS‐1 was analyzed in the mouse cerebellar cortex. In coronal sections, the NCS‐1 immunostaining displayed characteristic parasagittal banding pattern in the Purkinje cell layer and molecular layer, while there were no apparent bands in the granule cell layer. The alternating positively and negatively NCS‐1–labeled Purkinje cell clusters contributed to this cerebellar compartmentation. In contrast, stellate‐basket cells were uniformly NCS‐1–positive throughout the cerebellum. Immunofluorescent double staining showed that NCS‐1 and zebrin II exhibited a similar parasagittal banding pattern. Then, we performed mapping of NCS‐1– and/or zebrin II–labeled Purkinje cell somata using seven sequential coronal sections. NCS‐1–positive/zebrin II–positive Purkinje cell clusters were seen throughout the cerebellum, but NCS‐1–positive/zebrin II–negative Purkinje cells were exceedingly rare. On the other hand, NCS‐1–negative/zebrin II–positive Purkinje cell clusters were found in anterior lobule vermis and paraflocculus, whereas they were rarely seen in posterior lobules. The digitized quantitative analysis showed close relationship between NCS‐1 and zebrin II immunoreactivity in the molecular layer. The correspondence between NCS‐1 and zebrin II demonstrated here indicates a novel anteroposterior difference of cerebellar compartmentation and provides fundamental information of cerebellar organization. J. Comp. Neurol. 458:412–424, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor is present in adult mouse taste cells with synapses
Authors: Yee Cindy L. , Jones Kevin R. , Finger Thomas E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the members of the nerve growth factor family of neurotrophins, is expressed in developing gustatory papillae and is thought to be the neurotrophin that supports gustatory innervation during development. BDNF expression does not cease after development but continues in some taste cells of adult mice. To determine which types of taste cells produce BDNF, we undertook an immunohistochemical study of taste cells in BDNFLacZ gene targeted “knock‐in” adult mice. In these mice, β‐galactosidase (β‐gal) immunoreactivity is an indicator of cells that produce BDNF transcripts. In the tongues of adult BDNFLacZ mice, β‐gal (BDNF) is present in long slender taste cells, as well as pyriform taste cells. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling experiments in BDNFLacZ mice indicate that BDNF is not present in taste cells that are younger than 3 days postmitotic. BDNF mainly colocalizes with markers of type II and type III taste cells: ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase (PGP 9.5), serotonin (5‐HT), neural cell adhesion molecule (N‐CAM), synaptic associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP‐25), and to a lesser extent with α‐gustducin. β‐Gal immunoreactivity is not associated with blood group H antigen, a marker of type I taste cells. We conclude that BDNF is absent from basal cells and type I (blood group H antigen immunoreactive) taste cells but is present in differentiated type II and type III taste cells. The presence of SNAP‐25 in BDNF‐expressing cells suggests a role for BDNF in synaptic formation and transmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 459:15–24, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural examination of the somatic innervation of ventrotubercular cells in the rat
Authors: Friedland David R. , Pongstaporn Tan , Doucet John R. , Ryugo David K. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractVentrotubercular cells are multipolar cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) that project a collateral axon to the ipsilateral dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). These cells are thought to be involved in sensitizing DCN output neurons to spectral shapes that represent the location of a sound source in space. The present report focused on the neuronal composition of this pathway. Intracellular labeling studies in cats and mice have described two types of ventrotubercular cells (Smith and Rhode [1989] J Comp Neurol. 282:595–626; Oertel et al. [1990] J Comp Neurol. 295:136–154). In cats, one difference between the two classes is that type I multipolar neurons have fewer than 35% of their somata apposed by terminals, whereas type II cells have greater than 70% apposition values. Intracellular recordings from single cells, however, are difficult and thus limit the yield of data. We investigated whether a two‐component description of the ventrotubercular pathway was representative of a larger population. This issue was addressed by retrogradely labeling ventrotubercular neurons with an extracellular injection of biotinylated dextran amine into the DCN of rats. These injections labeled many VCN neurons, thus providing a more complete view of the pathway than previous studies. Thirty‐eight labeled cells were selected for electron microscopic analysis with respect to their location, cell body size, and ultrastructural morphology. We observed labeled type I and type II neurons, but unlike ventrotubercular cells in cats, many of these neurons in rats (17 of 38 cells) had appositions between 35% and 70%. On the basis of this analysis, a third class of ventrotubercular cell, called the adendritic neuron, was revealed. Adendritic neurons have small somata with many filopodial appendages, no observable dendrites, and high percentage of terminal appositions (>80%). The results demonstrated that the ventrotubercular pathway in the rat is diverse. J. Comp. Neurol. 459:77–89, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of circuit output measurements including statistically dependent parameters
Authors: Papakostas D. K. , Hatzopoulos A. A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn extension to the method for estimating statistical variables of output measurements, in order to take into account the statistical variations and matching dependencies between circuit parameters, is studied. The enhanced method results in sufficient estimations, while additional circuit simulations are needed. Comparative results from the application of the method and of the Monte‐Carlo analysis on three analogue circuits are presented to show the effectiveness of the extended method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & sons, Ltd.
Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with rhabdomyosarcomatous element: Aspiration cytology with histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural correlations
Authors: Yang Grace C.H. , Yee Herman T. , Waisman Jerry 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe studied a metaplastic breast carcinoma with a rhabdomyosarcomatous element from a 62‐yr‐old woman. In the fine‐needle aspirates processed by Ultrafast Papanicolaou stain, there were small undifferentiated cells with scanty cytoplasm and differentiated cells with red macronucleoli and abundant cytoplasm. Some differentiated cells contained a brown inclusion with a blue rim. Ultrastructurally, the brown inclusion correlated to a central aggregate of sarcomeres and the blue rim correlated to actin filaments surrounding the sarcomeres. The differentiated cells without cytoplasmic inclusions expressed cytokeratin and contained tonofilaments. A transitional cell type containing both sacromeres and tonofilaments was absent. Immunohistochemically, the small undifferentiated cells expressed vimentin diffusely and showed >90% MIB‐1 proliferating index, whereas the differentiated cells expressed cytokeratin, actin, or myoglobin and had virtually absent MIB‐1 nuclear labeling. Histologically, the small cells were more concentrated along the capsule and the large cells were more concentrated in the center of the tumor. These findings suggest the bidirectional differentiation of the small undifferentiated cells into carcinoma cells and rhabdomyosarcoma cells in this tumor. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:153–158. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of solid aneurysmal bone cyst in the humerus
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuji , Nagira Keiko , Akisue Toshihiro , Marui Takashi , Hitora Toshiaki , Kawamoto Teruya , Yoshiya Shinichi , Kurosaka Masahiro , Tsukamoto Ryuko 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report the fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytology findings of a solid aneurysmal bone cyst in the left humerus of a 69‐yr‐old woman. Radiographically, the lesion showed an extensive, relatively well‐defined osteolysis in the diaphysis, with a pathologic fracture. FNAB smears of the lesion consisted of benign, mononuclear cells and numerous osteoclast‐like multinucleated giant cells. Some clusters of the mononuclear cells were closely associated with dense, homogeneous, extracellular, matrix material. To our knowledge, the FNAB features of solid ABC of the long bones have not been described previously in the English‐language literature. The cytologic features are indistinguishable from those of giant cell tumors of bone and brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:159–162. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lymphnode localization of extramedullary myeloid cell tumor in myelodysplastic syndrome: Report of one case diagnosed by fine‐needle cytology
Authors: Fulciniti Franco , Zeppa Pio , Marino Gilda , Martinelli Vincenzo , Ciancia Rosanna , Del Vecchio Luigi , Rotoli Bruno , Palombini Lucio 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTrilineage extramedullary myeloid tumor (EMT) is an uncommon medical condition mostly diagnosed in patients affected by acute or chronic myeloid leukemia or, more rarely, by a myelodysplastic syndrome, among which the most frequent is refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB‐t). The prognostic significance of EMT is still unclear, although the appearance of trilineage EMT is often considered to affect the outcome adversely. A 70‐year‐old lady with previous history of intestinal resection for colonic adenocarcinoma in 1995 and subsequently treated with 5‐fuorouracyl developed a refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) in 1998. During the follow‐up, a progression to RAEB‐t was recorded. During chemotherapy for this condition, slight enlargement of left supraclavicular and right submandibular nodes was noticed. Fine‐needle biopsy was performed with ancillary studies. A diagnosis of trilineage extramedullary myeloid tumor was reached. The patient was treated with low doses of chemotherapy with a good response lasting 12 months. The peculiar cytologic picture of this condition when corroborated by ancillary studies (immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry) is diagnostic of this rare condition. Furthermore, the extramedullary myeloid tumor in this case did not significantly affect the response to the chemotherapy of RAEB‐t. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:136–139. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunocytochemical evaluation of HER‐2/neu on fine‐needle aspirates from primary breast carcinomas
Authors: Nizzoli Rita , Bozzetti Cecilia , Crafa Pellegrino , Naldi Nadia , Guazzi Annamaria , Di Blasio Beatrice , Camisa Roberta , Cascinu Stefano 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDetection of HER‐2/neu alterations is increasingly used in breast cancer patients for therapeutic purposes. This study examines the reliability of HER‐2/neu immunocytochemical assessment on 66 cytospin smears obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy from breast cancer patients. Results were compared with those obtained by both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on fine‐needle aspirate (FNA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on matched histologic section. Concordance between immunocytochemistry (ICC) and FISH was 78% and between ICC and IHC was 84%. Discordance mainly concerned seven unamplified cases that resulted positive by ICC and four cases scored negative by IHC but positive by ICC. Simultaneous assessment of HER‐2/neu by ICC, IHC, and FISH was available in 24 cases; the concordance was 75%. In this study, the false positivity of immunocytochemical technique represents the major criticism. In our experience, FISH remains the most objective and powerful technique for HER‐2/neu assessment on breast cancer FNAs. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2003;28:142–146. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Third pathway: Endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization
Authors: Félétou Michel , Vanhoutte Paul M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe mechanism of endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarizations, once attributed to an elusive endothelium‐derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), is better understood. The first steps involve an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration of the endothelial cells followed by the opening of endothelial calcium‐activated potassium channels and the hyperpolarization of the endothelial cells. In certain arteries, these endothelial events are under the control of the endothelial cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. Then, the endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization of the smooth muscle cells can be evoked by direct electrical coupling through myo‐endothelial junctions, accumulation of potassium ions in the intracellular space between the endothelial and the smooth muscle cells, and in rare occasions the release of a metabolite(s) of arachidonic acid via the cytochrome P450 pathway. These various mechanisms are not necessarily exclusive and can occur simultaneously and even in synergy. Drug Dev. Res. 58:18–22, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of endothelin‐1 antagonist BQ610 on hypoxia‐induced injury and [Ca2+]i changes in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
Authors: Lin Li , Yuan Wen‐Jun 
Published: March 2003

AbstractHypoxia is a strong stimulus for endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) synthesis, which is involved in myocardial ischemia. To shed light on the role and calcium mechanism of endogenous ET‐1 in myocardial ischemia, the effects of the ET‐1 antagonist BQ610 on hypoxia‐induced injury and [Ca2+]i changes were observed in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia‐induced injury was assessed by determining supernatant activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia produced by a 3% O2, 5% CO2 atmosphere. [Ca2+]i was measured with the Ca2+‐sensitive dye Fluo‐3 under a confocal microscope. The hypoxia model used for [Ca2+]i measurement was prepared by perfusing cells with 95% N2, 5% CO2 saturated DMEM solution containing 1 mM Na2S2O4. The results showed that: 1) Hypoxia significantly increased ET‐1 content in culture supernatant. 2) The supernatant LDH was significantly increased after 12‐ or 24‐h hypoxia. On the other hand, SOD activity was decreased significantly. BQ610 0.2–5 µM dose‐dependently reduced LDH release and enhanced SOD activity. 3) [Ca2+]i transient was observed in the normal cultured beating cardiomyocytes. Exposure to hypoxia caused termination of [Ca2+]i transient in 3–5 min and a continuous rapid increase in [Ca2+]i after about 20 min. In the presence of BQ610, the termination of [Ca2+]i transient was postponed to 15–20 min into hypoxia; the [Ca2+]i increase was rather slow until approximately 45 min into hypoxia. These results indicate that endogenous ET‐1 contributed to hypoxia‐induced injury in the cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and that the injury was associated with a [Ca2+]i mechanism partially mediated by ET‐1. Drug Dev. Res. 58:74–78, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
L‐thyroxine‐induced vasodilation impairment and increased vascular response to norepinephrine are mediated by dysfunctional NO release
Authors: Yang Ping , Dai De‐Zai 
Published: March 2003

AbstractHyperthyroidism causes a series of changes in the cardiovascular system. The effects of excess thyroid hormone on NO‐mediated vasorelaxation and vasocontractility were investigated. A pathological hyperthyroid rat model was developed. Thoracic aorta was isolated and isometric changes were recorded in both control and thyroxine‐treated animals. In the vasorelaxation study, the overall acetylcholine‐induced vasorelaxation was greatly reduced in aortae from thyroxine‐treated animals. L‐NO‐arginine (100 mM) was used to define the NO‐dependent and NO‐independent components of acetylcholine‐induced relaxation: in control animals 56±2% of relaxation is NO‐dependent and 44±2% is NO‐independent and in the thyroxine model the ratio was 31±2% vs. 69±5%. L‐arginine (10 μM), an NO synthase substrate, did not increase the relaxation in the control (2%), but markedly increased relaxation (18%) in the thyroxine model. This indicates that L‐arginine could partially rescue the vasorelaxation impairment induced by L‐thyroxine. In vasocontractility studies, the maximal aorta responses to NE in the thyroxine group were reduced significantly, but the responses to low concentrations of NE were enhanced comparing with control. The basal release of NO from the endothelium is compromised in the thyroxine model: +28±5% in the thyroxin‐treated group vs. +39±5% in the control. (P<0.01). The AUC was shifted downward in both groups, but was relatively larger by –66±5% in the thyroxine model compared with –56±4% in control (P<0.01) after the application of L‐arginine. When L‐NO arginine was added to aortae pretreated with L‐arginine, vascular tone was increased in control tissues, but no change was observed in thyroxine‐treated tissues. In conclusion, chronic overdose of L‐thyroxine significantly impairs the acetylcholine‐induced vasorelaxation activity by affecting both the NO‐dependent and NO‐independent relaxing components of relaxation. The impaired maximal contraction of vascular smooth muscle to high concentrations of NE is likely attributed to the imbalance of energy supply and the enhancement of the vascular tension to NE at low concentration is attributed both to an impairment of the basal release of NO and to an overload of intracellular calcium. Drug Dev. Res. 58:116–121, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of neuropeptide FF, prolactin‐releasing peptide, and the receptor UHR1/GPR10 genes during embryogenesis in the rat
Authors: Nieminen Maija‐Liisa , Nystedt Johanna , Panula Pertti 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRecently, several RF‐amide peptides have been identified in mammals. These peptides have a similar C‐terminal RF‐motif and share some G‐protein coupled receptors. Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and prolactin‐releasing peptide (PrRP) are expressed in the same brain areas in the adult rat and act both in prolactin release and cardiovascular regulation. Here, we characterized the embryonal expression from embryonal day 14 to postnatal day 0 of both peptide mRNAs and the mRNA distribution of UHR1/GPR10‐like receptor by using in situ hybridization (ISH) and quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. NPFF mRNA was found in the spinal cord, caudal solitary tract nucleus, and surprisingly, in the medullary reticular formation. The only peripheral organs displaying NPFF mRNA expression were the lungs and the spleen. PrRP gene expression was seen in the caudal solitary tract nucleus, medullary reticular formation, pontine isthmus and liver, kidney, and testis. The receptor UHR1/GPR10 gene was expressed consistently in the medullary reticular formation and the adrenal gland but also transiently in several locations. All three genes showed weak but even ISH signal in the pituitary. These findings suggest different roles for the peptides during development and indicate that UHR1/GPR10‐like receptor could also bind other ligands in addition to PrRP. Developmental Dynamics 226:000–000, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
N‐Cadherin is essential for retinal lamination in the zebrafish
Authors: Erdmann Bettina , Kirsch Frank‐P. , Rathjen Fritz G. , Moré Margret I. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractN‐Cadherin is one of the major Ca2+‐dependent cell adhesion proteins in the developing nervous system. Here, we analyze eye development in the zebrafish N‐cadherin loss‐of‐function mutant parachutepaR2.10 (pacpaR2.10). The zebrafish visual system is fully developed by the time pacpaR2.10 mutants show lethality at day 5. Already at 24 hr postfertilization (hpf), mutant retinal cells are more disorganized and more rounded than in wild‐type. At later stages, mutant retinae display a severe lamination defect with rosette formation (mostly islands of plexiform layer tissue surrounded by inner nuclear layer or photoreceptor cells), even though all major classes of cell types appear to be present as determined by histology. Of interest, electron microscopy reveals that the islands of plexiform layer tissue contain a normal amount of synapses with normal morphology. Although mutant photoreceptor cells are sometimes deformed, all typical structural components are present, including the membranous discs for rhodopsin storage. The lens fibers of the pacpaR2.10 mutants develop completely normally, but in some cases, lens epithelial cells round up and become multilayered. We conclude that cell adhesion mediated by N‐cadherin is of major importance for retinal lamination and involved in maintenance of the lens epithelial sheet, but is not essential for the formation of photoreceptor ultrastructure or for synaptogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 226:000–000, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Internalization of ideal body shapes in 9–12‐year‐old girls
Authors: Sands Emma R. , Wardle Jane 
Published: March 2003

AbstractObjectiveBody dissatisfaction is reported in girls as young as 9 years old in Western countries. In the current study, internalization of the “thin ideal” was predicted to be a critical influence on the development of body dissatisfaction.MethodParticipants (n = 356) were weighed and completed measures of body dissatisfaction, awareness and internalization of the thin ideal, and peer and maternal attitudes and behavior. Exposure to relevant print media was also assessed.ResultsBody dissatisfaction was associated with a higher body mass index, although it was not restricted to overweight girls. Internalization mediated the relationship between awareness of the sociocultural standard of appearance and body dissatisfaction. Media exposure and peer and maternal weight‐related attitudes and behavior were, in turn, related to awareness, supporting the hypothesized sociocultural processes.DiscussionInternalization operates as a central component in the development of body dissatisfaction, occurring at a young age in some girls. Internalization may be a suitable target for preventive strategies. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 193–204, 2003.