bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing French community pharmacists’ willingness to participate in research projects: a mixed method study
Authors: Piraux Arthur , Angibaud Morgane , Nizet Pierre , Navas Dominique , Sallenave-Namont Claire , Prot-Labarthe Sonia , Huon Jean-François 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
French community pharmacists are facing an increasing demand to provide a wider range of services to meet the needs of the population. These new missions must be evaluated by primary care research studies. This study aims to explore the factors that influence French community pharmacists’ willingness to participate in research projects.

Methods
A mixed-method design was adopted for this study, comprising an initial quantitative online survey followed by semi-directed interviews. The investigation was conducted at two French faculties of pharmacy, Angers and Nantes, involving students in their 6th and final year of pharmacy education, and their community pharmacist tutors. The survey items were based on a study by Saini et al. and participants responded using five-point Likert scales. The semi-directed interviews were conducted after the quantitative analysis, only with volunteer and already graduated community pharmacists.

Results
A total of 131 people participated in the quantitative analysis, comprising 75 students and 56 pharmacists. Pharmacists and students agreed on the significance of two key aspects: the research must possess a clear and meaningful purpose, and researchers must keep the pharmacists informed about the study’s results. Among the 27 proposed items, only three showed significantly different results between students and pharmacists. Moreover, 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Research in the community pharmacy domain is relatively new for many pharmacists. Despite limited training, their willingness to participate is contingent on being actively involved from the outset, receiving appropriate support and training. However, the research should be seamlessly integrated into their daily practice, without being too time-consuming and administratively burdensome. Time constraints emerged as the main obstacle, along with concerns about the availability of human resources. Pharmacists expressed strong motivation driven by the research topic’s relevance, and its potential impact on patients or the profession. While financial compensation is desirable, it did not appear to be the main criterion for participation in a study.

Conclusions
French pharmacists are willing to participate in research projects to improve patient care and develop the profession. Research teams must guide and involve from the project’s inception.
Spatial accessibility to health facilities among pregnant women with and without exposure to intimate partner violence in Uganda
Authors: Anguzu Ronald , Walker Rebekah J. , Beyer Kirsten M.M. , Zhou Yuhong , Babikako Harriet M. , Dickson-Gomez Julia , Cassidy Laura D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor physical access to health facilities could increase the likelihood of undetected intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy. We aimed to determine sub-regional differences and associations between spatial accessibility to health facilities and IPV among pregnant women in Uganda.

Method
Weighted cross-sectional analyses were conducted using merged 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey and 2014 Uganda Bureau of Statistics health facility datasets. Our study population were 986 women who self-reported being currently pregnant and responded to IPV items. Outcome was spatial accessibility computed as the near point linear distance [< 5 km (optimal) vs. ≥ 5 km (low)] between women’s enumeration area and health facility according to government reference cutoffs. Primary independent variable (any IPV) was defined as exposure to at least one of physical, emotional, and sexual IPV forms. Logistic regression models were sequentially adjusted for covariates in blocks based on Andersen’s behavioral model of healthcare utilization. Covariates included predisposing (maternal age, parity, residence, partner controlling behavior), enabling (wealth index, occupation, education, economic empowerment, ANC visit frequency), and need (wanted current pregnancy, difficulty getting treatment money, afraid of partner, and accepted partner abuse) factors.

Results
Respondents’ mean age was 26.1 years with ± 9.4 standard deviations (SD), mean number of ANC visits was 3.8 (± 1.5 SD) and 492/986 (49.9%) pregnant women experienced IPV. Median spatial accessibility to the nearest health facility was 4.1 km with interquartile range (IQR) from 0.2 to 329.1 km. Southwestern, and Teso subregions had the highest average percentage of pregnant women experiencing IPV (63.8–66.6%) while Karamoja subregion had the highest median spatial accessibility (7.0 to 9.3 km). In the adjusted analysis, pregnant women exposed to IPV had significantly higher odds of low spatial accessibility to nearest health facilities when compared to pregnant women without IPV exposure after controlling for enabling factors in Model 2 (aOR 1.6; 95%CI 1.2, 2.3) and need factors in Model 3 (aOR 1.5; 95%CI 1.1, 3.8).

Conclusions
Spatial accessibility to health facilities were significantly lower among pregnant women with IPV exposure when compared to those no IPV exposure. Improving proximity to the nearest health facilities with ANC presents an opportunity to intervene among pregnant women experiencing IPV. Focused response and prevention interventions for violence against pregnant women should target enabling and need factors.
Preoperative sequential short-course radiation therapy and FOLFOX chemotherapy versus long-course chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (SOLAR trial)
Authors: Kang Min Kyu , Park Soo Yeun , Park Jun Seok , Kim Hye Jin , Kim Jong Gwang , Kang Byung Woog , Baek Jin Ho , Cho Seung Hyun , Seo An Na , Kim Duck-Woo , Kim Jin , Baek Se Jin , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Ji Yeon , Ha Gi Won , Park Eun Jung , Park In Ja , Kim Chang Hyun , Kang Hyun , Choi Gyu-Seog 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy has been widely used as an effective treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), leading to a significant reduction in pelvic recurrence rates. Because early administration of intensive chemotherapy for LARC has more advantages than adjuvant chemotherapy, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has been introduced and evaluated to determine whether it can improve tumor response or treatment outcomes. This study aims to investigate whether short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by intensive chemotherapy improves oncologic outcomes compared with traditional preoperative long-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods
A multicenter randomized phase II trial involving 364 patients with LARC (cT3–4, cN+, or presence of extramural vascular invasion) will be conducted. Patients will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control arm at a ratio of 1:1. Participants in the experimental arm will receive SCRT (25 Gy in 5 fractions, daily) followed by four cycles of FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and folinic acid) as a neoadjuvant treatment, and those in the control arm will receive conventional radiotherapy (45–50.4 Gy in 25–28 fractions, 5 times a week) concurrently with capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil. As a mandatory surgical procedure, total mesorectal excision will be performed 2–5 weeks from the last cycle of chemotherapy in the experimental arm and 6–8 weeks after the last day of radiotherapy in the control arm. The primary endpoint is 3-year disease-free survival, and the secondary endpoints are tumor response, overall survival, toxicities, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.

Discussion
This is the first Korean randomized controlled study comparing SCRT-based TNT with traditional preoperative LC-CRT for LARC. The involvement of experienced colorectal surgeons ensures high-quality surgical resection. SCRT followed by FOLFOX chemotherapy is expected to improve disease-free survival compared with CRT, with potential advantages in tumor response, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.

Trial registration
This trial is registered at Clinical Research Information under the identifier Service KCT0004874 on April 02, 2020, and at Clinicaltrial.gov under the identifier NCT05673772 on January 06, 2023.
Self-perceived problems of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees and their experiences with a short psychological intervention
Authors: Kantor Viktoria , Weindl Dina , Schiess-Jokanovic Jennifer , Verginer Lucia , Lueger-Schuster Brigitte , Knefel Matthias 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study examined Afghan asylum seekers’ and refugees’ self-perceived problems, and their experiences of treatment with an adapted version of the brief transdiagnostic psychological intervention “Problem Management Plus” (aPM+). Specifically, the study explored which problems trouble them most and how these problems influence their daily functioning. Further, it examined how various standardized outcome measures correlate with these subjectively perceived problems.

Method
This study is part of a larger RCT study (PIAAS study) in which 88 Afghan asylum seekers and refugees were randomly allocated either to aPM + in addition to treatment as usual (aPM+/TAU) or TAU alone. The presented study uses a multi-method approach consisting of two parts: First, we investigated participants’ self-identified problems and subjective functional impairment using quantitative and qualitative assessment in both the aPM+/TAU and TAU group (n = 88). Second, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with a subsample of the aPM+/TAU group (n = 24) to gain a deeper understanding of participants’ personal experiences with aPM + and to obtain suggestions for improvement. Spearman correlations were applied for quantitative data, and deductive and inductive approaches of thematic analysis were used for qualitative data.

Results
We identified six main themes of self-perceived problems (primary post-migration living difficulties, general mental health problems, interpersonal stressors, secondary post-migration living difficulties, mental health problems specifically associated with stress, and somatic problems) and their consequences, as well as subjective functional impairment. Standardized measures of general mental health, posttraumatic psychopathology, and quality of life did not correlate with the intensity of self-perceived problems. aPM + was mostly perceived positively, and few participants had recommendations for its improvement.

Conclusion
The study aimed at giving a voice to Afghan trauma survivors to inform service providers and policy makers about their needs. Based on their expertise, future interventions can be tailored to their actual needs and optimized in terms of practical use. aPM + proved to be a positively perceived intervention that reduces subjective symptom burden and facilitates daily functioning. Culture-sensitive treatments within (mental) health services should increase service utilization and improve (mental) health in the long term.
Psychosocial and health behavioural characteristics of longitudinal physical activity patterns: a cohort study from adolescence to young adulthood
Authors: Aira Tuula , Vasankari Tommi , Heinonen Olli J , Korpelainen Raija , Kotkajuuri Jimi , Parkkari Jari , Savonen Kai , Toivo Kerttu , Uusitalo Arja , Valtonen Maarit , Villberg Jari , Vähä-Ypyä Henri , Kokko Sami P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The decline in physical activity (PA) during adolescence is well-established. However, while some subgroups of adolescents follow the general pattern of decreased activity, others increase or maintain high or low activity. The correlates and determinants of different PA patterns may vary, offering valuable information for targeted health promotion. This study aimed to examine how psychosocial factors, health behaviours, and PA domains are associated with longitudinal PA patterns from adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods
This prospective study encompassed 254 participants measured at mean ages 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (activity maintainers, inactivity maintainers, decreasers from moderate to low PA, decreasers from high to moderate PA, increasers) via a data-driven method, K-Means for longitudinal data. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse the associations between health behaviours, psychosocial factors, PA domains, and different PA patterns.

Results
A lack of sports club participation characterised inactivity maintainers throughout adolescence. Difficulties in communicating with one’s father at age 15 were associated with higher odds of belonging to inactivity maintainers and to decreasers from moderate to low PA. Lower fruit and vegetable consumption at age 19 was also related to increased odds of belonging to the groups of inactivity maintainers and decreasers from moderate to low PA. Smoking at age 19 was associated with being a decreaser from moderate to low PA.

Conclusions
Diverse factors characterise longitudinal PA patterns over the transition to young adulthood. Sports club participation contributes to maintained PA. Moreover, a father-adolescent relationship that supports open communication may be one determinant for sustained PA during adolescence. A healthier diet and non-smoking as a young adult are associated with more favourable PA development.
Understanding adolescent girls’ experiences with accessing and using contraceptives in Zambia
Authors: Chola Mumbi , Hlongwana Khumbulani , Ginindza Themba G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, the unmet need for contraception among adolescent girls is high and is driven by barriers to access and utilisation of contraceptives. Understanding adolescent girls’ experiences with accessing and using contraceptives is crucial because it influences their decision to use and willingness to continue using health products and services. While determinants of contraceptive use have been extensively researched globally, few studies explore how adolescent girls experience contraceptive use in Zambia using qualitative methods. Therefore, this study aimed to understand Zambian adolescent girls’ experiences using contraceptives.

Methods
Thematic analysis was used to analyse data generated from 7 focus group discussions and three in-depth interviews with adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years in 4 districts in Zambia. NVivo version 12 pro (QSR International) software was used to manage and organise the data.

Results
Results revealed that adolescents’ experiences concerning contraceptives across the continuum of care are shaped by various factors, including knowledge of contraceptives which comprises sources of information and contraceptives; experience with using contraceptives, challenges with access to contraceptives, and misconceptions about contraceptives; perspectives about existing contraceptives; and preferred types of contraceptives.

Conclusion
The multifactorial interaction relating to adolescents’ personal experience, their community and the environment in which they access contraceptive services all contribute to their overall experience and influence their contraceptive decisions. Therefore, qualitative studies exploring adolescents’ experiences with accessing and using contraceptives are vital for tailoring interventions responsive to the contraceptive needs of this age group.
Relationship of stunting with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices among children under the age of five: a cross-sectional study in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Batool Munazza , Saleem Javeria , Zakar Rubeena , Butt Muhammad Salman , Iqbal Sanaullah , Haider Shahroz , Fischer Florian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Reasons for undernutrition are food insufficiency, impaired child care, limited access to healthcare, and maternal lack of health literacy. In addition, there are several environmental factors, such as drinking water quality, poor sanitation, and hygienic practices that can lead to poor nutritional status in children. The present study aimed to compare household-associated risk factors, including water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices of mothers, with children’s stunting under the age of five.

Methods
A face-to-face cross-sectional survey was conducted with mothers of children under the age of five in the Dera Ghazi Khan district in southern Punjab, Pakistan. World Health Organization criteria for stunting were used to identify the participants. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to collect information from consented parents/guardians on children’s age, feeding, and WASH practices. Pearson’s chi-square, simple regression, and hierarchical regression models were applied for data analysis.

Results
A total of 204 mothers of children of both genders participated in this study. The children’s mean (SD) age was 15.67 (± 10.2) months, their weight was 5.44 (± 1.45) kg, their height was 67.69 (± 10.05), and their mid-upper arm circumference was 9.75 (± 1.30) cm. Children’s stunting was mild (z-score > -2) at 17.6%, moderate (z-score − 2 to -3) at 16.7%, and severe (z-score < -3) at 65.7% of participants. A simple regression model showed a strong association, r2 = 0.062, p = 0.013, with age as the most significant sociodemographic factor. The hierarchical regression model showed a combined value of r2 = 0.0128, p = 0.027, with hand pump and tank water as the significant source of drinking water that was related to stunting among children.

Conclusion
Stunting can be associated with several risk factors, including WASH parameters. This study concluded that children aged under five years are susceptible to stunting in southern Punjab, Pakistan. The contamination of hand pumps and tank water resources was found to be the major contributing factor to stunting.
Screening and early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population study
Authors: Tang Wenhui , Rong Yan , Zhang Hongmei , Lin Wenji , Zeng Wenmei , Wu Wenhong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease leading to further morbidity and significant mortality, there is still limited data on screening for COPD. The purpose of this study was to establish an early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) screening system for the community and hospitals in Nanshan District in Shenzhen City, to improve the rate of early diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD.

Methods
We identified individuals at high risk of COPD using a questionnaire survey and analyzed the relevant influencing factors in the early stages of COPD in high-risk groups.

Results
We collected a total of 5,000 COPD screening questionnaires, and a total of 449 patients were diagnosed with COPD by pulmonary function examination. The prevalence of COPD in people aged 20 and above in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City was estimated to be 8.98%, with a base of 5000. The severity classification as per the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria was as follows: GOLD I accounted for 34.74%; GOLD II accounted for 37.64%; GOLD III accounted for 16.04%; and GOLD IV accounted for 11.58%. Common features of early COPD that we identified were: (1) patients were mainly males, accounting for 68.0%; (2) COPD was common among people aged 50–59 years, comprising 31%; (3) 96.0% of patients often had severe respiratory symptoms and had frequent coughs when they did not have a cold; (4) 57.2% of patients experienced shortness of breath when walking quickly on level ground or climbing gentle slopes; (5) 72.6% of patients had a family history of bronchial asthma and COPD. Multivariate ordinal multi-classification logistic regression showed that gender, age, shortness of breath, and the use of firewood, grass, and coal stoves were all influencing factors in pulmonary function grading.

Conclusion
A screening questionnaire combined with a pulmonary function test should be adopted as a COPD screening strategy to be implemented at the primary level as a public health priority in China to reduce the incidence, disability, and mortality from COPD.
Clinical characteristics and therapeutic behavior of breast cancer patients using mistletoe therapy consulting a clinic offering integrative oncology: a registry data analysis
Authors: Krüerke Daniel , Schenker Marianne , Matter-Walstra Klazien 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Motivation
Cancer patients often use complementary and/or alternative medicine, such as mistletoe therapy, alongside conventional cancer therapies. In Switzerland, so far not much is known about treatment patterns of breast cancer patients using integrative oncology. Solid knowledge on complementary care utilization may help to enhance integrative oncology care in Switzerland.

Methods
In this exploratory, descriptive database study, we investigated the treatment pathways of a cohort of breast cancer patients who received mistletoe therapy and were documented in the cancer registry of an anthroposophic Swiss hospital offering integrative oncology treatments.

Results
Patients treated with mistletoe in this cohort are in median 10 years younger than Swiss breast cancer patients as a whole. Only 5.8% of these patients were treated with mistletoe alone, while 60.5% of them supplemented chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy and/or surgery and/or radiation with mistletoe therapy. Nearly 80% of patients started conventional therapy followed by additional mistletoe therapy or started mono mistletoe therapy after completion of conventional therapies. The median time from initial diagnosis to hospital admission (inpatient and/or outpatient) was less than one year. Almost ¾ of the patients were treated in an outpatient setting only.

Conclusion
From our data, it appears that younger breast cancer patients are more likely to use mistletoe therapy simultaneously with or following their conventional medical therapies. The extent to which these patients discuss their mistletoe therapy and eventually other complementary and/or alternative therapies with their primary oncologists is not clear from the data. We therefore recommend that (Swiss) oncologists should openly discuss the desire for integrative oncology therapies, especially with their younger breast cancer patients, in order to find the best holistic care pattern for these patients.