bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosome abnormalities in juxtaglomerular cell tumors
Authors: Brandal Petter , Busund Lill‐Tove , Heim Sverre 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDJuxtaglomerular cell tumors (JGCT; also known as reninomas) are considered benign tumors of the kidney, although there have been reports of both malignant behavior and a JGCT‐related death. The clinicopathologic features of these rare tumors are well established, whereas nothing is known about their cytogenetic characteristics.METHODSThe authors reported the first karyotype of a JGCT and also performed comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (IP‐FISH) analyses on the above‐mentioned tumor as well as on another JGCT from which live cells were not available for karyotyping. Both tumors were also examined by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry.RESULTSThe karyotype was 57∼64,XX,−X,−1,−4,−6,−9,+10,−11,−13,−14, −15,+20,−22[cp10]/60∼61,idem, add(19)(p13)[cp2]/46,XX[3]. The IP‐FISH results were in accordance with the karyotypic findings for the first tumor, whereas Tumor 2 was found to be diploid for most investigated chromosomes, except for trisomy for chromosomes 4 and 10 and monosomy for chromosomes 9 and X. By CGH, gain of chromosomes 10 and 20 but no losses were detected for Tumor 1, whereas for Tumor 2, gain of chromosomes 4 and 10 as well as loss of chromosomes 9 and X and most of chromosome arm 11q were found. The immunohistochemical profiles were identical. Both tumors were positive for vimentin and CD34, focally positive for smooth muscle actin, and negative for cytokeratin, CD31, and actin.CONCLUSIONSGain of chromosome 10, as well as loss of chromosomes 9 and X and most of chromosome arm 11q, might be important pathogenetic events in JGCT. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Predictors of systemic recurrence and disease‐specific survival after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence
Authors: Shen Jeannie , Hunt Kelly K. , Mirza Nadeem Q. , Buchholz Thomas A. , Babiera Gildy V. , Kuerer Henry M. , Bedrosian Isabelle , Ross Merrick I. , Ames Frederick C. , Feig Barry W. , Singletary S. Eva , Cristofanilli Massimo , Meric‐Bernstam Funda 
Published: June 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn patients with breast carcinoma, ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) is an independent predictor of systemic recurrence and disease‐specific survival (DSS). However, only a subgroup of patients with IBTR develop systemic recurrences. Therefore, the management of isolated IBTR remains controversial. The objective of the current study was to identify determinants of systemic recurrence and DSS after IBTR.METHODSThe medical records of 120 women who underwent BCT for Stage 0–III breast carcinoma between 1971 and 1996 and who subsequently developed isolated IBTR were reviewed. Clinicopathologic factors were studied using univariate and multivariate analyses for their association with DSS and the development of systemic recurrence after IBTR.RESULTSThe median time to IBTR was 59 months. At a median follow‐up of 80 months after IBTR, 45 patients (37.5%) had a systemic recurrence. Initial lymph node status was the strongest predictor of systemic recurrence according to the a univariate analysis (P = 0.001). Other significant factors included lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in the primary tumor, time to IBTR ≤ 48 months, clinical and pathologic IBTR tumor size > 1 cm, LVI in the recurrent tumor, and skin involvement at IBTR. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, initially positive lymph node status (relative risk [RR], 5.3; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.4–20.1; P = 0.015) and skin involvement at IBTR (RR, 15.1; 95% CI, 1.5–153.8; P = 0.022) remained independent predictors of systemic recurrence. The 5‐year and 10‐year DSS rates after IBTR were 78% and 68%, respectively. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis, only LVI in the recurrent tumor was found to be an independent predictor of DSS (RR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.5–14.1; P = 0.008).CONCLUSIONSPatients who initially had lymph node‐positive disease or skin involvement or LVI at IBTR represented especially high‐risk groups that warranted consideration for aggressive, systemic treatment and novel, targeted therapies after IBTR. Determinants of prognosis after IBTR should be taken into account when evaluating the need for further systemic therapy and designing risk‐stratified clinical trials. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Possible Origin of Modified EAG Activity by Point‐Fluorination of the Insect Pheromone Eldanolide
Authors: Hayase Shuichi , Renou Michel , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2005

AbstractConformational analysis with B3LYP/6‐31G* calculations was carried out on the insect pheromone eldanolide and its fluorinated analogues in order to clarify the origin of the differences in pheromone activity between these compounds, as measured by electroantennography (EAG). The calculations indicate that some conformers have a distinctively higher energy than their fluorinated analogues. Significant differences were found between the populations of the preferable conformers of EAG‐active and EAG‐inactive compounds. We suggest that the differences in the populations of the favored conformers of the eldanolide analogues best explain the differences in biological activity according to the position of fluorination. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Unexpected Conformational Behaviour of a Diphosphate Derived from a Spherand‐Type Calixarene
Authors: Böhmer Volker , Costisella Burkhard , Gloede Jörg , Ozegowski Sigrid , Schneider Matthias , Thondorf Iris 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe spherand‐type calixarene 2a, which consists of three diphenol units linked by methylene bridges, was treated with phosphorus pentachloride and then with water. A C1‐symmetrical conformation was found for the resulting bisphosphate 7 in the crystalline state by X‐ray analysis, with an anti orientation of the phosphoryl groups. MM3 calculations lead to a nearly identical conformation for the most stable isomer (RRS‐twist), while a slightly higher energy was found for an RRS‐crown isomer with a syn orientation of the phosporyl groups. Surprisingly, all NMR studies (1H, 13C and 31P) of 7 are in agreement with a dynamic C2 symmetry in solution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Regio‐ and Chemoselective Coupling of Polyalkynes: A Convenient Access to Polyarylacetylenes and Polyenynes
Authors: Halbes‐Létinois Ulla , Vasiliev Aleksander , Pale Patrick 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMono‐ or disilylated α,ω‐diynes and disilylated triynes can be regioselectively homologated at each acetylenic end, silylated or not, by two and three, respectively, successive Pd/Ag‐catalyzed coupling reactions. Each coupling being selective either for terminal alkyne, trimethylsilylalkyne or for trialkylsilylalkyne, the combination of these coupling methods offers a unique and rapid access to polyunsaturated compounds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Artificial Epoxidase II. Synthesis of Cyclodextrin Ketoesters and Epoxidation of Alkenes
Authors: Rousseau Cyril , Christensen Brian , Bols Mikael 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFour cyclodextrin ketones were synthesised and investigated as epoxidation catalysts. In the presence of oxone they catalysed the epoxidation of mono‐, di‐ and trisubstituted alkenes in 17–100 % yield and 0–45 % ee. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Acetonyltriphenylphosphonium Bromide (ATPB): A Versatile Reagent for the Acylation of Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols and Amines and for 1,1‐Diacylation of Aldehydes under Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Khan Abu T. , Choudhury Lokman H. , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA wide variety of alcohols, phenols, amines and thiols may easily be converted into the corresponding acetate derivatives by treatment with acetic anhydride (1.5–2.0 equivalents) in the presence of acetonyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (ATPB; 5 mol %) in good yields at room temperature. With the same precatalyst, both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes can also be transformed into the corresponding gem‐diacetates under reflux conditions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐(S)‐Laudanosine and (–)‐(S)‐Xylopinine
Authors: Mujahidin Didin , Doye Sven 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe study presents a new pathway for the enantioselective synthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. The key steps of the synthesis of (+)‐(S)‐laudanosine (1) and (–)‐(S)‐xylopinine (2) are a Sonogashira coupling that builds up the C1–C8a bond of the benzylisoquinoline skeleton, an intramolecular Ti‐catalyzed hydroamination of an alkyne, and a subsequent enantioselective imine reduction according to Noyori’s protocol. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
New Derivatives of Levoglucosan by Tandem Epoxide Allyl Alcohol Rearrangement‐Cuprate Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Krohn Karsten , Gehle Dietmar , Flörke Ulrich 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe alkylated allyl alcohols 6a, 7, and 8 (R = Me, Et, nBu) were formed in the reaction of the Černý epoxide 3 with the Cyano–Gilman cuprates. The one‐pot reaction was initiated by base‐catalyzed epoxide allyl alcohol rearrangement to compound 5, followed by unprecedented vinyl tosylate cross‐coupling with the cuprates, to form the alkylation products 6a, 7, and 8. The allyl alcohol 6a was transformed into a number of new branched 1,6‐anhydro sugars in series of highly stereoselective reactions. The products are stereochemically complementary to most known Černý epoxide derivatives and may be useful as chiral building blocks for polypropionate‐derived natural products. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis of Chiral Catalyst Modifiers by Hydrosilylation of Cinchonidine and Their Application in the Hydrogenation of 1‐Phenylpropane‐1,2‐dione and Ethyl Pyruvate on a Supported Pt/Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Busygin Igor , Toukoniitty Esa , Sillanpää Reijo , Murzin Dmitry Yu. , Leino Reko 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFour new chiral modifiers were synthesized in order to investigate the effect of distal modifier substitution in the hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate and 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐dione on a supported Pt/Al2O3 catalyst. The chiral modifiers were prepared in good to moderate overall yields by Pt‐catalyzed hydrosilylation of 9‐O‐TMS‐protected cinchonidine with triethylsilane, triphenylsilane, bis(dimethylsilyl)ethane and (+)‐(R)‐methyl(1‐naphthyl)phenylsilane followed by cleavage of the silyl ether protective group. Comparison of the synthesized modifiers in enantioselective hydrogenation using cinchonidine as reference modifier is reported, as well as details on their synthesis and characterization. The X‐ray crystal structure of the 11‐(triphenylsilyl)‐substituted cinchonidine analogue has been determined showing that this compound crystallizes in the open(3)‐like conformation observed earlier for (–)‐cinchonidine. In the hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate, the new modifiers induced notable enantiomeric excesses (ee = 62–73 %), which, however, were slightly lower than the ee obtained with cinchonidine as the chiral catalyst modifier (ee = 84 %). The rate for the racemic reaction in the absence of a chiral modifier was up to threefold higher than the reaction rate with the distally substituted modifiers whereas with cinchonidine the reaction rate was close to that of the racemic hydrogenation. In the hydrogenation of 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐dione, 11‐(triethylsilyl)‐10,11‐dihydrocinchonidine induced an ee of 70 % at 50 % reactant conversion which was notably higher than the ee obtained with cinchonidine (55 %). The dependence of enantiomeric excess on the modifier structure is clearly different in the two cases (ethyl pyruvate vs. 1‐phenylpropane‐1,2‐dione) indicating notable differences in the enantiodifferentiating mechanisms in these two model reactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
A novel technique to specifically analyze the secretome of cells and tissues
Authors: Zwickl Hannes , Traxler Elisabeth , Staettner Stefan , Parzefall Wolfram , Grasl‐Kraupp Bettina , Karner Josef , Schulte‐Hermann Rolf , Gerner Christopher 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe secretome of cells and tissues may reflect a broad variety of pathological conditions and thus represents a rich source of biomarkers. The identity of secreted proteins, usually isolated from cell supernatants or body fluids, is hardly accessible by direct proteome analysis, because these proteins are often masked by high amounts of proteins actually not secreted by the investigated cells. Here, we present a novel method for the specific detection of proteins secreted by human tissue specimen as well as cultured cells and chose liver as a model. The method is based on the metabolic labelling of proteins synthesized during a limited incubation period. Then, the cell supernatant is filtered, precipitated, and subjected to two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. Whereas fluorography detected a large number of proteins derived from residual plasma and dead cells, the autoradiographs selectively displayed genuinely secreted proteins. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by means of the secretomes of the hepatocellular carcinoma‐derived cell line HepG2 and human liver slices. The selective identification of cell‐ and tissue‐specific protein secretion profiles may help to identify novel sets of biomarkers for wide clinical applications.
Quantitative detection of phosphoproteins by combination of two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and phosphospecific fluorescent staining
Authors: Stasyk Taras , Morandell Sandra , Bakry Rania , Feuerstein Isabel , Huck Christian W. , Stecher Guenther , Bonn Guenther K. , Huber Lukas A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractHere we combine a standard two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) protocol with subsequent post‐staining of gels with phosphospecific fluorescent Pro‐Q Diamond dye. The combination of these two methods for fluorescence detection of proteins allows quantitative detection of phosphoproteins in 2‐DE‐gels. We established this protocol within a functional proteomics experiment. Mammary epithelial cells (EpH4) were stimulated in culture by epidermal growth factor (EGF), endosomal fractions prepared after subcellular fractionation and phosphorylated proteins successfully detected on endosomes. For instance, Endo A cytokeratin, known as phosphoprotein and differentiation marker inducible by MAPK signaling, was identified by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). With this protocol, all steps of combined proteome and phosphoproteome profiling experiments are significantly simplified and accelerated, taking full advantage of both methods in terms of specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of quantification.
Use of selective extraction and fast chromatographic separation combined with electrophoretic methods for mapping of membrane proteins
Authors: Josic Djuro , Brown Mari Kino , Huang Feilei , Callanan Helen , Ručević Marijana , Nicoletti Alison , Clifton James , Hixson Douglas C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA model system for selective solubilization and fast separation of proteins from the rat liver membrane fraction and purified rat liver plasma membranes for their further proteomic analysis is presented. For selective solubilization, high‐pH solutions and a concentrated urea solution, combined with different detergents, are used. After extraction, proteins are separated by anion‐exchange chromatography or a combination of anion‐ and cation‐exchange chromatography with convective interaction monolithic supports. This separation method enables fast and effective prefractionation of membrane proteins based on their hydrophobicity and charge prior to one‐dimensional (1‐D) and 2‐D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. By use of this sample preparation method, the less‐abundant proteins can be detected and identified.
Capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry for clinical diagnostic purposes
Authors: Fliser Danilo , Wittke Stefan , Mischak Harald 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe introduction of fast, sensitive, and robust techniques for proteomic analysis into clinical practice represents a major step toward a new diagnostic approach of body fluids. In addition, proteomics emerges as a key technology for the discovery of disease biomarkers in various body fluids. However, even in relatively protein‐deprived body fluids such as urine, the complexity and wide dynamic range of protein expression pose a considerable challenge to both separation and identification technologies. In the present review we discuss from a clinical point‐of‐view recent advances of the use of proteomics in clinical diagnosis as well as therapy evaluation. We focus on capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE‐MS) and discuss CE‐MS from an application point of view evaluating its merits and vices with regard to biomarker discovery. This review further presents examples of clinical applications of CE‐MS for detection and identification of biomarkers in urine.
Eight belemnite biohorizons in the Cenomanian of northwest Europe and their importance
Authors: Mitchell Simon F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractEight belemnite biohorizons (BB) are recognized in the Cenomanian of northwest Europe, and can be related to both the ammonite zonal/subzonal and Cenomanian cyclostratigraphic schemes. These biohorizons are: BB1 (Neohibolites praeultimus) in the basal Neostlingoceras carcitanense Subzone (Mantelliceras mantelli Zone); BB2 (Neohibolites ultimus) in the upper N. carcitanense Subzone (M. mantelli Zone); BB3 (N. ultimus) in the Sharpeiceras schluteri Subzone (M. mantelli Zone); BB4 (N. ultimus) at the base of the Mantelliceras dixoni Zone; BB5 (N. ultimus) in the Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone; BB6 (Praeactinocamax primus and Belemnocamax boweri) in the lower Acanthoceras rhotomagense Zone; BB7 (B. boweri) in the middle A. jukesbrownei Zone; and BB8 (P. plenus) in the mid Metoicoceras geslinianum Zone. Belemnites are associated with deposits overlying the transgressive surfaces in the early transgressive systems tracts (BB2–4, BB6–8) or, rarely, with higher‐frequency transgressive surfaces in lowstand deposits (BB5). Early transgressive systems tracts also commonly have small positive δ13C excursions, although there is no one‐to‐one correspondence between the excursions and the belemnite biohorizons. A review of δ18O curves for the Cenomanian Stage suggests little evidence for a temperature control on the distribution of belemnites. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The pre‐radial history of echinoderms
Authors: Smith Andrew B. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractGene sequence data now identify a robust phylogeny of deuterostomes and provide a framework within which the evolution of echinoderms can be interpreted. The topology of the molecular tree makes a number of important predictions about the morphological characters of the earliest echinoderm at its split from hemichordates: it possessed gill slits (but not a notochord), had a bilaterally symmetrical body plan in the adult and, less certainly, underwent torsion during development. Carpoids, a highly contentious group of extinct deuterostomes with a plated calcite skeleton that have variously been interpreted as stem‐ and crown‐group chordates, stem‐group echinoderms or stem‐ and crown‐group echinoderms, display many of these basal characters and provide critical evidence for how the latest common ancestor of hemichordates and echinoderms was transformed into a pentaradiate crown‐group echinoderm.Cinctans have a large atrial opening in addition to mouth and anus, and are interpreted as pharyngeal basket feeders. The paired grooves associated with the mouth indicate the presence of a hydrovascular system, but not necessarily one built along the echinoderm plan (that is, derived from just the left hydrocoel). Stylophorans have a bilateral body plan that is externally masked by torsion and possess gills, either unpaired and external, or paired and internal, opening into an atrial cavity. Their bilateral appendage is a locomotory organ, not an ambulacrum, and there is no evidence that stylophorans ever possessed a well‐developed hydrovascular system homologous to the water vascular system of echinoderms and the tentacles of pterobranch hemichordates. Solutes are the most crownward, having a true echinodermal ambulacral system with a single hydropore and no pharyngeal gill openings. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oligodendrocyte‐myelin glycoprotein is present in lipid rafts and caveolin‐1‐enriched membranes
Authors: Boyanapalli Madanamohan , Kottis Vicky , Lahoud Oscar , Bamri‐Ezzine Saoussen , Braun Peter E. , Mikol Daniel D. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe oligodendrocyte‐myelin glycoprotein is a ligand of the neuronal Nogo receptor and a potent inhibitor of neurite outgrowth, but its physiological function remains to be elucidated. The oligodendrocyte‐myelin glycoprotein is anchored solely in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane via its glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, and through its leucine‐rich repeat domain, it likely interacts with other proteins. In the present study, we compare its buoyancy and detergent solubility characteristics with those of other myelin proteins. Based on its detergent solubility profile and membrane fractionation using established ultracentrifugation procedures, we conclude that the oligodendrocyte‐myelin glycoprotein is a lipid raft component that is closely associated with the axolemma. Moreover, it associates with caveolin‐1 and caveolin‐1‐enriched membranes. We postulate that, by virtue of its concentration in lipid rafts and perhaps through interactions with caveolin‐1, the oligodendrocyte‐myelin glycoprotein may influence signaling pathways. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Astrocytes in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence that take up a fluorescent dye from the circulation express leptin receptors and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors
Authors: Cheunsuang Ornsiri , Morris Richard 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFollowing systemic injection, several different dyes and markers are found to accumulate rapidly in cells in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence, and the capillaries in this region appear specialised for exchange of molecules. The present study used hydroxystilbamidine (FluoroGold equivalent) to identify cells that take up molecules from the circulation in these regions; 2–6 h following injection, uptake was seen in the external and intermediate zones of the median eminence and the adjacent ventral part of the arcuate nucleus, but not in other regions of the hypothalamus. The labelled cells were small; double‐labelling experiments revealed that they expressed glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), but not NeuN, Agouti‐related protein (AgRP) or β‐endorphin. They had the morphology of astrocytes and were readily distinguished from tanycytes by staining for vimentin. Many of these labelled astrocytes also expressed leptin receptors and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors. The surrounding neurons that expressed these receptors did not take up this dye. This demonstrates that astrocytes take up molecules from the circulation in the median eminence and adjacent arcuate nucleus, and may have a significant signalling role in regulation of food intake. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.