bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation between Isolates of
Aspergillus fumigatus
from Breeding Turkeys and Their Environment by Genotyping with Microsatellite Markers
Authors: Lair-Fulleringer Sybille , Guillot Jacques , Desterke Christophe , Seguin Dominique , Warin Stephan , Bezille Arnaud , Chermette René , Bretagne Stéphane 
Published: April 2003

ABSTRACT

To elucidate the epidemiology of the different forms of avian aspergillosis, 114
Aspergillus fumigatus
isolates from sacrificed turkeys and 134
A. fumigatus
isolates from air samples were collected and genotyped by microsatellite polymorphism marker analysis. Air sampling confirmed the huge diversity of
A. fumigatus
populations. Whereas older animals harbored several combinations of genotypes, 1-day-old chicks carried a unique genotype, suggesting a unique source of contamination.
Local risk minimization and numéraire
Authors: Biagini F. , Pratelli M. 
Published: April 2003

The ‘change of numéraire’ technique has been introduced by Geman, El Karoui and Rochet for pricing and hedging contingent claims in the case of complete markets. In this paper we study the ‘change of numéraire’ using the ‘locally risk-minimizing approach’, when the market is not complete. We prove that, if the stochastic process which represents the prices is continuous, the l.r.m. strategy is invariant by a change of numéraire (this result is false in the right-continuous case, as is shown by some counterexamples).We also give an extension of Merton's formula to the case of stochastic volatility.
Two familial cases with a lethal gracile bone dysplasia and intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Korniszewski Lech , Arbuckle Susan , Kozlowski Kazimierz 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA number of more or less distinct entities with low birth weight and abnormal radiographic appearances have been identified. We studied two sisters who were unusual because of severe intrauterine growth restriction, absence of growth after birth, decrease of pre‐ and postnatal spontaneous mobility, and early fatal outcome. The chondro‐osseous morphology documented a distinctive osteochondrodysplasia. The radiographic examination was superficially similar to gracile bone dysplasias but was inconsistent with any known types of this group. These two patients appear to have a unique gracile bone dysplasia. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Natural history of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
Authors: White Amy L. , Modaff Peggy , Holland‐Morris Francesca , Pauli Richard M. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractRhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with many associated medical complications. Prior to this study, natural history information about RCP was limited and based on experiences with small populations of affected individuals. We delineate the natural history of RCP through systematic analysis of 35 previously unreported individuals (as well as review of 62 literature cases with respect to survival and cause of death). Survival, growth, and developmental expectations and medical needs are summarized based upon experience with this population. Survival is greater among this population than previously reported, with 90% surviving up to 1 year and 50% surviving up to 6 years. Cause of death is most often respiratory problem. All infants with RCP have joint contractures, bilateral cataracts, and severe growth and psychomotor delays. Recommendations for health supervision of children with RCP and for parental counseling are presented. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brief communication: The Galler Collection: A little‐known historic Swiss bone pathology reference series
Authors: Rühli Frank J. , Hotz Gerhard , Böni Thomas 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe aim of this article is to briefly present the Galler Collection, a little‐known historic Swiss bone reference series of high value for paleopathological research. The Galler Collection consists of approximately 600 mostly dry‐bone specimens of many major bone diseases dating from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Clinical information and autopsy reports are available for the majority of specimens. Rarely documented conditions represented in the collection include: severe forms of myositis ossificans progressiva, kyphoscoliosis, endemic cretinism, hypo‐ and hyperparathyroidism, and phosphorus‐induced bone necrosis. At present, the Galler Collection is located at the National History Museum in Basel (Augustinergasse 2, 4001 Basel, Switzerland, Telephone: +41612665500, Fax: +41612665546). Am J Phys Anthropol 121:000–000, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystallographic report: Bis(isonicotinonitrile)cadmium diselencyanate, [Cd(SeCN)2(pyCN)2] (pyCN = isonicotinonitrile)
Authors: Li Dacheng , Liu Daojie 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThe title compound, [Cd(SeCN)2(pyCN)2]∞, adopts an extended one‐dimensional chain structure in which the neighboring cadmium atoms are bridged by two selenocyanate ions. The central cadmium atom has a distorted octahedral geometry defined by two isonicotinonitrile and four selenocyanate ions in a 4N2Se fashion. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Catalytic polymerization of maleic anhydride
Authors: Ma Weihua , Lu Lude , Yang Xujie , Wang Xin 
Published: April 2003

AbstractThis study examined the polymerizations of maleic anhydride in solution and in the bulk phase catalyzed by nanocrystalline titania or sodium acetate. Through IR and 1H‐NMR, the monomer and polymer were characterized, and the structure of the polymer was confirmed. Moreover, the polymer molecular weight was measured to be 400–800 in solution and 2000–3000 in the bulk phase. The mechanism of the catalytic polymerization was also investigated. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2868–2874, 2003
Improvement of thermomechanical properties of a DGEBS/DDS system blended with a novel thermoplastic copolymer by realization of a semi‐IPN network
Authors: Blanco I. , Cicala G. , Lo Faro C. , Recca A. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractIn this article we present the results of a study on the properties of a blend containing a 40:60 amine‐ended copolymer, poly(ether sulfone)—poly(ether ether sulfone), with a system composed of diglycidyl ether of biphenol S and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone (4,4′‐DDS). Five formulations, which varied in amounts of modifier, were characterized through dynamic thermal mechanical analysis and fracture mechanics studies. The morphology of the blends was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The addition of thermoplastics enhanced the toughness of the system, resulting in an increase in the glass‐transition temperature as a function of the amount of thermoplastics. No phase‐separated morphology was detected by TEM analysis, leading to the conclusion that the formation of a homogeneous semi‐IPN network occurred between the thermoplastics and the thermoset. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 3021–3025, 2003
Synthesis of high molecular weight copolymer of styrene and butadiene bearing high 1,4‐cis butadiene unit from copolymerization with CpTiCl3/methylaluminoxane catalyst
Authors: Nakamura Norihiko , Yamaguchi Yuji , Endo Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2003

AbstractCopolymerization of styrene (St) and butadiene (Bd) with CpTiCl3/methylaluminoxane (MAO) catalyst in the presence or absence of chloranil (CA) was investigated. The CpTiCl3/MAO catalyst showed a high activity for the copolymerization of St with Bd. The 1,4‐cis contents in the Bd units for the copolymerization of St and Bd with the CpTiCl3/MAO catalyst was observed, and the 1,4‐cis content was optimum at a MAO/Ti mole ratio of around 225. The effect of the polymerization temperature on the copolymerization was noted, as was the effect of the 1,4‐cis microstructure in the Bd units for the copolymerization of St and Bd. The addition of CA to the CpTiCl3/MAO catalyst was found to influence the molecular weight of the copolymer. The high weight‐average molecular weight copolymer (Mw = ca. 50 × 104) consisting of mainly a 1,4‐cis microstructure of Bd units (1,4‐cis = 80.0%) was obtained from the copolymerization with the CpTiCl3/MAO catalyst in the presence of CA (CA/Ti mole ratio = 1) at 0°C. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2942–2946, 2003
Thermal and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)/starch/methylenediphenyl diisocyanate blending with triethyl citrate
Authors: Ke Tianyi , Sun Xiuzhi S. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractTriethyl citrate (TC) was added as a plasticizer to a blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and starch in the presence of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). As expected, TC improved the elongation at break and toughness and, at the same time, decreased the tensile strength and modulus. However, TC did not significantly affect the coupling effects of MDI on starch and PLA. The tensile strength of the blend with MDI was much greater than the tensile strength without MDI at the same TC level. The tensile properties of the blend changed dramatically as the TC concentration increased from 5 to 12.5%. At a TC concentration of 7.5%, the blend produced desirable elongation and toughness with fairly good tensile strength. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2947–2955, 2003
Local production of B lymphocyte stimulator protein and APRIL in arthritic joints of patients with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Tan Soon‐Min , Xu Dong , Roschke Viktor , Perry James W. , Arkfeld Daniel G. , Ehresmann Glenn R. , Migone Thi‐Sau , Hilbert David M. , Stohl William 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether synovial fluid (SF) levels and cell‐surface expression of B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) protein and SF levels of APRIL are elevated in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA).MethodsSame‐day blood and SF samples from 89 patients with 103 knee effusions (81 knees with IA and 22 with noninflammatory arthritis [NIA]) were evaluated for BLyS protein and APRIL levels by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Blood and SF mononuclear cells were double‐stained for surface BLyS protein and surface CD14 (monocyte marker) and were analyzed by flow cytometry. Complete blood cell counts and SF nucleated cell counts were performed by the clinical hematology laboratory.ResultsBLyS protein levels were higher in SF than in corresponding serum samples from both IA and NIA patients. SF BLyS protein levels, but not surface expression of BLyS protein, were disproportionately elevated in IA patients. APRIL levels were higher in SF than in corresponding serum samples from most IA patients but not NIA patients. SF BLyS protein and APRIL levels correlated with each other, and each correlated with SF monocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, and total nucleated cell counts. Although SF and serum BLyS protein levels correlated with each other, SF and serum APRIL levels did not, suggesting that SF BLyS protein levels are more dependent upon systemic factors than are SF APRIL levels. Moreover, in 8 patients who underwent sequential arthrocenteses, changes in SF BLyS protein levels did not immutably parallel changes in SF APRIL levels, indicating their differential regulation.ConclusionBLyS protein and APRIL are locally produced in inflamed joints. Their respective SF levels are differentially regulated, suggesting that they serve different functions. Together, their local production may foster survival and/or expansion of B cells that produce pathogenic autoantibodies and/or promote local T cell activation and consequent joint destruction.
Weight from birth to 53 years: A longitudinal study of the influence on clinical hand osteoarthritis
Authors: Sayer A. Aihie , Poole J. , Cox V. , Kuh D. , Hardy R. , Wadsworth M. , Cooper C. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of body weight throughout the life course on the development of clinical hand osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA British national survey was used to perform a prospective cohort study of 1,467 men and 1,519 women born in 1946. Weight was measured at birth and at subsequent followup visits through childhood and adulthood. The main outcome measure was the odds ratio for the presence of hand OA at the age of 53 years.ResultsTwo hundred eighty men (19%) and 458 women (30%) had OA in at least 1 hand joint. Hand OA was significantly associated with increased weight at ages 26 years, 43 years, and 53 years and with decreased weight at birth in men. Birth weight and adult weight showed independent effects, such that men with the highest risk for OA represented those who had been heaviest at age 53 years and lightest at birth. These findings were not explained by grip strength. There was no significant relationship between weight and hand OA in women.ConclusionThe results of this study show that increased adult weight is associated with, and may precede, development of hand OA in men. An association between hand OA and weight was not observed in women. The relationship between hand OA and decreased birth weight is a new finding and may reflect the persisting influence of prenatal environmental factors on adult joint structure and function.
Anakinra, a recombinant human interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (r‐metHuIL‐1ra), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A large, international, multicenter, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Fleischmann Roy M. , Schechtman Joy , Bennett Ralph , Handel Malcolm L. , Burmester Gerd‐Rudiger , Tesser John , Modafferi Dennis , Poulakos Jennifer , Sun Gordon 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the safety of anakinra (a recombinant human interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist) in a large population of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), typical of those seen in clinical practice.MethodsA total of 1,414 patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 100 mg of anakinra or placebo, administered daily by subcutaneous injection. Background medications included disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, alone or in combination. The primary end point was safety, which was evaluated by adverse events (including infections), discontinuation from study due to adverse events, and death.ResultsSafety was evaluated in 1,399 patients (1,116 in the anakinra group and 283 in the placebo group; 15 patients were randomized but did not receive any study drug) during the initial 6‐month, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase of this long‐term safety study. Baseline demographics, disease characteristics, and concomitant medications were similar between the 2 groups. The study group included patients with numerous comorbid conditions and a wide range of RA disease activity. Serious adverse events occurred at a similar rate in the anakinra group and the placebo group (7.7% and 7.8%, respectively). Serious infectious episodes were observed more frequently in the anakinra group (2.1% versus 0.4% in the placebo group). The rate of withdrawal due to adverse events was 13.4% in the anakinra group and 9.2% in the placebo group.ConclusionResults from this large, placebo‐controlled safety study demonstrate that anakinra is safe and well tolerated in a diverse population of patients with RA, including those with comorbid conditions and those using multiple combinations of concomitant therapies. Although the frequency of serious infection was slightly higher in the anakinra group, no infection was attributed to opportunistic microorganisms or resulted in death.
Increased expression of Fcγ receptors II and III on macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis patients results in higher production of tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase
Authors: Blom Arjen B. , Radstake Timothy R. D. J. , Holthuysen Astrid E. M. , Slöetjes Annet W. , Pesman Gerard J. , Sweep Fred G. J. , van de Loo Fons A. J. , Joosten L. A. B. , Barrera Pilar , van Lent Peter L. E. M. , van den Berg Wim B. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate Fcγ receptor (FcγR) expression on synovial macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to determine whether this expression correlates with the production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐12, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1). We also sought to determine whether mature macrophages from RA patients express aberrant levels of FcγRI, FcγRII, and FcγRIII, and to determine the production of inflammatory mediators after immune complex (IC) stimulation.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was performed on cryostat sections of synovial biopsy specimens obtained from 27 RA patients and 5 controls. FcγR I, II, and III were detected, as well as the proinflammatory mediators IL‐1, TNFα, IL‐12, and MMP‐1. Monocytes were isolated from the blood of 10 RA patients and 10 healthy controls and cultured for 7 days with macrophage colony‐stimulating factor to obtain macrophages. Using fluorescence‐activated cell sorting, the expression of FcγRI, FcγRII, and FcγRIII was determined. On day 7, macrophages were stimulated with heat‐aggregated gamma globulins (HAGGs) for 24 hours. Production of cytokines was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and production of gelatinases/collagenases was measured by degradation of fluorescent gelatin.ResultsImmunohistochemistry showed higher FcγRII and FcγRIII expression in RA synovium than in controls. FcγRII and FcγRIII, but not FcγRI, were highly correlated with the number of synovial macrophages. Consistent with this, TNFα expression correlated positively with FcγRIII expression. Moreover, MMP‐1 expression strongly correlated with FcγR I, II, and III expression. Mature macrophages from RA patients showed significantly enhanced expression of FcγRII and FcγRIII compared with controls. Twenty‐four hours after stimulation of RA macrophages with HAGGs, significantly higher production of TNFα and gelatinase/collagenase was measured.ConclusionRA synovium and mature RA macrophages express significantly elevated levels of FcγRII and FcγRIII, resulting in much higher production of TNFα and gelatinase/collagenase after IC stimulation. These data suggest that disturbed expression of FcγR on mature synovial macrophages is involved in the pathology of RA.
The association of body mass index and osteoarthritis of the knee joint: An examination of genetic and environmental influences
Authors: Manek Nisha J. , Hart Deborah , Spector Timothy D. , MacGregor Alexander J. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the genetic and environmental influences on the known association between body mass index (BMI) and knee osteoarthritis (OA), using adult twin data.MethodsBilateral knee radiographs were obtained from 785 pairs of healthy female twins (mean age 54.5 ± 7.8 years) from the St. Thomas' Hospital Adult Twin Registry (261 monozygotic [MZ] and 524 dizygotic [DZ] twin pairs). Tibiofemoral knee OA was graded according to the Kellgren and Lawrence (K/L) scoring system on an ordinal scale of 0–4. Presence of knee OA was defined as a K/L grade of ≥2 on either side of the knee joint. Body weight and height were measured and the subjects were stratified into quartiles of BMI. Cross‐trait cross‐twin association of BMI and knee OA was assessed by logistic regression, to assess whether genetic or environmental influences explain the BMI–knee OA link. The genetic (heritability) and environmental contributions to each of the measures were estimated using path modeling.ResultsA strong association was found between high BMI and the presence of knee OA (odds ratio 3.90 for highest versus lowest quartile of BMI; P = 0.0001). The heritability of knee OA was 50.4% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 34–62%) and that of BMI was 55.7% (95% CI 35–72%). However, cross‐trait cross‐twin associations were not significantly different from unity in either the MZ or DZ twin pairs, indicating that shared genetic influences were unlikely to explain the association. Path modeling showed that the model containing additive genetic factors, common environmental factors, and unique environmental factors had the best fit to the data overall. The shared genetic path between BMI and knee OA could be dropped without deterioration in the fit of the model.ConclusionThe strong association between high BMI and knee OA is not likely to be mediated by shared genetic factors. The results imply that environmental modification of BMI can influence knee OA.
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septic arthritis
Authors: Ruiz Maria E. , Richards J. Steuart , Kerr Gail S. , Kan Virginia L. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractWe describe herein the case of a man with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septic arthritis and possible infective endocarditis. This is the first report in the English‐language medical literature of septic arthritis caused by this organism.
Screening the genome for rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility genes: A replication study and combined analysis of 512 multicase families
Authors: Jawaheer Damini , Seldin Michael F. , Amos Christopher I. , Chen Wei V. , Shigeta Russell , Etzel Carol , Damle Aarti , Xiao Xiangli , Chen Dong , Lum Raymond F. , Monteiro Joanita , Kern Marlene , Criswell Lindsey A. , Albani Salvatore , Nelson J. Lee , Clegg Daniel O. , Pope Richard , Schroeder Harry W. , Bridges S. Louis , Pisetsky David S. , Ward Ryk , Kastner Daniel L. , Wilder Ronald L. , Pincus Theodore , Callahan Leigh F. , Flemming Donald , Wener Mark H. , Gregersen Peter K. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectiveA number of non‐HLA loci that have shown evidence (P < 0.05) for linkage with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been previously identified. The present study attempts to confirm these findings.MethodsWe performed a second genome‐wide screen of 256 new multicase RA families recruited from across the United States by the North American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium. Affected sibling pair analysis on the new data set was performed using SIBPAL. We subsequently combined our first and second data sets in an attempt to enhance the evidence for linkages in a larger sample size. We also evaluated the impact of covariates on the support for linkage, using LODPAL.ResultsEvidence of linkage at 1p13 (D1S1631), 6p21.3 (the HLA complex), and 18q21 (D18S858) (P < 0.05) was replicated in this independent data set. In addition, there was new evidence for linkage at 9p22 (D9S1121 [P = 0.001]) and 10q21 (D10S1221 [P = 0.0002] and D10S1225 [P = 0.0038]) in the current data set. The combined analysis of both data sets (512 families) showed evidence for linkage at the level of P < 0.005 at 1p13 (D1S1631), 1q43 (D1S235), 6q21 (D6S2410), 10q21 (D10S1221), 12q12 (D12S398), 17p13 (D17S1298), and 18q21 (D18S858). Linkage at HLA was also confirmed (P < 5 × 10−12). Inclusion of DRB1∗︁04 as a covariate significantly increased the probability of linkage on chromosome 6. In addition, some linkages on chromosome 1 showed improved significance when modeling DRB1∗︁04 or rheumatoid factor positivity as covariates.ConclusionThese results provide a rational basis for pursuing high‐density linkage and association studies of RA in several regions outside of the HLA region, particularly on chromosomes 1p, 1q, and 18q.