bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcinogen delivery into the pancreatic duct of rabbits by means of hollow fiber capsules
Authors: Elkort Richard J. , Handler Alfred H. , Cooper William , Williams David L. , Mozden Peter J. , Egdahl Richard H. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractA technique is described for the delivery of various chemical agents chronically and in small doses directly into the duct of the rabbit pancreas. The feasibility of this technique is based on initial observations that implantation of a catheter delivery system in the pancreatic duct produces minimal interference with normal exocrine or endocrine pancreatic function while chronically delivering an encapsulated agent directly to the target tissues. A catheter permeation system has been designed which can be anchored in the main pancreatic duct of the New Zealand white rabbit without ligating the duct, and which will then continuously expose the ductal cells to chemical carcinogens over a 5‐ to 30‐day period. Catheters have been successfully implanted in 177 rabbits. Examination of 37 control animals up to 182 weeks after implantation showed that, in the absence of ductal obstruction, neither the implantation procedure nor the presence of the catheter itself produced any permanent change in the morphologic structure of the pancreas. Benzo(a)pyrene produced hyperplasia, metaplasia, and adenosis, whereas methylnitrosourethane produced toxic pancreatitis and atrophy. The technique appears to be useful for evaluating the effect of carcinogens or other chemical agents when it is desirable to deliver a compound chronically and in small doses directly into the pancreatic juice.
Plasmacytoma of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Barzilai A. , Toledano C. , Arie J. Ben , Assa J. , Gellei B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractPrimary plasmacytoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare entity. This is a report of 4 additional cases, 2 involving the stomach and 2 involving the small bowel. The tumors were resected in each case. Metastases to regional lymph nodes were found in 3 of the cases. During the period of hospitalization and follow‐up, no evidence of generalized multiple myeloma was found. Because systemic disease ultimately develops in many patients with localized plasmacytoma, such patients should be followed closely for the appearance of clinical, biochemical, and roentgenologic evidence of multiple myeloma.
Patient perception of the effect of treatment with candesartan in heart failure. Results of the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme
Authors: O'Meara Eileen , Lewis Eldrin , Granger Chris , Dunlap Mark E. , McKelvie Robert S. , Probstfield Jeffrey L. , Young James B. , Michelson Eric L. , Ostergren Jan , Carlsson Jonas , Olofsson Bertil , McMurray John , Yusuf Salim , Swedberg Karl , Pfeffer Marc A. 
Published: May 2005

AimsTo evaluate the effect of the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan on patients' perception of symptoms, using the McMaster Overall treatment evaluation (OTE), in a broad spectrum of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods and resultsPatients with symptomatic CHF, randomised in the CHARM Programme in North America (n=2498), were studied. OTE was assessed at baseline, at 6, 14 and 26 months and the patient's final or closing visit. Patient's status was classified as “improved (score +1 to +7)”, “unchanged (score 0)” or “deteriorated (score–1 to –7)” at the end of the study compared to baseline. Both a simple “last visit carried forward” (LVCF) analysis and “worst rank carried forward” (WRCF) analysis (where patients who died were allocated the worst OTE score) were used. In the LVCF analysis, compared to placebo, more candesartan patients improved (37.7% versus 33.5%) and fewer worsened (10.8% versus 12.0%) in OTE (p=0.017). The WRCF analysis also showed better overall OTE scores with candesartan compared to placebo (p=0.029). There was no heterogeneity in the response to candesartan between the CHARM component trials or across four exploratory sub‐groups (age, sex, NYHA class and beta‐blocker).ConclusionsCandesartan was shown to be better than placebo, when using the McMaster OTE to measure patient perception of treatment. More patients treated with candesartan reported improvement and fewer reported deterioration. This benefit was obtained when candesartan was added to extensive background therapy and is consistent with the benefits of candesartan on NYHA class, hospital admission for worsening heart failure and mortality.
The diagnostic accuracy of plasma BNP and NTproBNP in patients referred from primary care with suspected heart failure: Results of the UK natriuretic peptide study
Authors: Zaphiriou Alex , Robb Stephen , Murray‐Thomas Tarita , Mendez Gustavo , Fox Kevin , McDonagh Theresa , Hardman Suzanna M.C. , Dargie Henry J. , Cowie Martin R. 
Published: May 2005

ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of plasma B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N‐terminal pro‐BNP (NTproBNP) in patients referred by their general practitioners (GPs) with symptoms suggestive of heart failure. Additionally, to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the resting 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) with that of the peptides.DesignA diagnostic accuracy study.SettingRapid‐access heart failure clinics in five hospitals.Participants306 patients referred by their GPs with suspected heart failure.Main outcome measuresSensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) and positive and negative likelihood ratios for BNP, NTproBNP and the ECG for the diagnosis of heart failure. Area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for the two natriuretic peptides.ResultsThe diagnosis of heart failure was confirmed in 104 (34%) patients. The area under the ROC curve was 0.84 [95% CI 0.79−0.89] for BNP and 0.85 [0.81−0.90] for NTproBNP. At the manufacturers' recommended decision cut‐points, NTproBNP provided a higher NPV (0.97) than BNP (0.87), but at lower PPV (0.44 versus 0.59). An abnormal ECG did not add any further predictive value to that of NTproBNP.ConclusionsWe have confirmed the value of the measurement of plasma BNP or NTproBNP as a ‘rule‐out’ test for heart failure in patients currently referred by GPs to rapid access diagnostic clinics. A simple classification of the 12‐lead ECG into ‘normal’ or ‘abnormal’ adds little value to ruling out heart failure in these circumstances. Further work is necessary to establish the best decision cut‐points for use in clinical practice.
David Cheal (Ed.). Aging and Demographic Change in Canadian Context. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.
Authors: Wu Zheng 
Published: May 2005

RÉSUMÉLa longévité croissante et l'évolution de la structure par âge suscitent de grandes inquiétudes chez les experts, les décideurs et le public. La perception populaire est que le vieillissement de la population a un effet négatif. Cette interprétation s'appuie sur l'hypothèse selon laquelle, en terme de rapports de dépendance, l'explosion de ce segment de la population placera un lourd fardeau sur les générations plus jeunes, puisque la population d'âge actif devra beaucoup travailler pour fournir aux retraités les pensions, les services médicaux et le soutien social nécessaires. Un nombre croissant de publications traitent de cette interprétation (qualifiée de « démographie apocalyptique ») et suggèrent que le vieillissement de la population n'a pas forcément des conséquences négatives. L'ouvrage Aging and Demographic Change in Canadian Context, publié sous la direction de David Cheal, illustre adéquatement ce contre-débat. Il contient sept essais, tous axés sur une approche conceptuelle, rédigés par des universitaires canadiens d'horizons académiques variés. La plus grande qualité de l'ouvrage consiste à démontrer que le contexte social du vieillissement est plus important que le vieillissement de la population en soi. C'est-à-dire que le vieillissement de la population ne pose problème que si nos institutions publiques et privées sont incapables de repenser les échanges et les rapports intergénérationnels.
Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire for Adults and the Elderly
Authors: Fort Isabelle , Adoul Linda , Holl Delphine , Kaddour Joël , Gana Kamel 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a French version of the Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ) (Troyer & Rich, 2002). The MMQ, which is suited to clinical and research purposes, evaluates subjective memory functioning (i.e., affect related to memory abilities, frequency of problems remembering in different situations, and strategy use in everyday life). The questionnaire was administered to 294 French adult or elderly subjects (46–94 years old). The results allowed us to conclude that the French version of this scale is psychometrically sound. Indeed, the scores proved to be highly reliable (Cronbach's α for the subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.88) and correlated in the expected directions with measures of other constructs (correlation coefficients ranged from −0.34 to 0.39). Convergent validity evidence for MMQ scores was provided by their statistically significant positive correlations (from 0.56 to 0.73) with several dimensions of the Metamemory in Adulthood scale (MIA) (i.e., theanxiety, change, capacityandstrategydimensions). However, the three-factor model found in the original version was not validated here. An exploratory factor analysis revealed that a four-factor solution offered the most interpretable pattern for the factor scores. Two of the dimensions proposed by Troyer and Rich (2002) were replicated:abilityandcontentment. The third subscale (strategy) was divided into two factors:internal strategiesandexternal strategies.
Vern L. Bengtson and Ariela Lowenstein (Eds.). Global Aging and Challenges to Families. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter, 2003.
Authors: Kobayashi Karen 
Published: May 2005

RÉSUMÉCette collection éditée contient les essais d'auteurs de neuf pays qui analysent les retombées du vieillissement de la population sur les familles aux niveaux individuel, collectif et socio-structurel. Fondés sur la notion de perspectives du tracé de vie et de la modernisation, les thèmes clés comprennent, notamment : 1) l'importance continué de la solidarité familiale et intergénérationnelle dans la vie des personnes âgées; 2) l'incidence de la longévité croissante des aînés sur la prise en charge par les familles; 3) la diversité et la complexité croissantes des relations familiales, et leur incidence sur les transferts et le soutien intergénérationnels; 4) les rapports entre attentes et attitudes et transferts et soutien intergénérationnels; et 5) les liens d'interdépendance entre la solidarité publique (d'État) et privée (la famille). L'ouvrage, qui réunit les perspectives diverses d'un groupe de chercheurs internationaux spécialisés dans le trajet de vie et le vieillissement, permet d'amorcer un débat mondial sur des sujets émergents, tels que le rôle du capital social dans la création de réseaux sociaux pour les personnes âgées prises en charge par leur famille, et l'importance de la nature et du sens des transferts privés sur la solidarité intergénérationnelle et le bien-être des familles.
A 10-Year Follow-Up of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence among the Oldest Old in the Community: The Canadian Study of Health and Aging
Authors: Østbye Truls , Seim Arnfinn , Krause Katrina M. , Feightner John , Hachinski Vladimir , Sykes Elizabeth , Hunskaar Steinar 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACTUrinary incontinence is common in the elderly. The epidemiology of fecal and double (urinary and fecal) incontinence is less known. The Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) is a national study of elderly living in the community at baseline (n = 8,949) and interviewed in 1991–1992, 1996, and 2001. Using data from the CSHA, we report the prevalence of urinary, fecal, and double incontinence in each wave and the cumulative incidence between waves and investigate the predictors of urinary and fecal incontinence. Urinary incontinence increased rapidly in old age, being almost twice as high in women as in men. Fecal and double incontinence were less common, but also increased rapidly with age. In women, parity showed a positive relationship with (prevalent) urinary incontinence. In men, diabetes was a risk factor for urinary and fecal incontinence. We conclude that urinary, fecal, and double incontinence increase rapidly with age and that inquiry about incontinence should be part of routine medical and nursing assessment of all elderly.
Falls and Fear of Falling among Community-Dwelling Seniors: The Dynamic Tension between Exercising Precaution and Striving for Independence
Authors: Ward-Griffin Catherine , Hobson Sandra , Melles Pauline , Kloseck Marita , Vandervoort Anthony , Crilly Richard 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the everyday experience of community-dwelling elders, with particular attention to seniors' perceptions of safety, fear of falling, independence, and quality of life. We also aimed to identify contextual factors that influence the health of elders who had fallen and/or had a fear of falling. Data from in-depth interviews with a purposeful sample (n= 9) of elders were analysed using interpretative analysis procedures. Both individual and team analysis was undertaken until interpretations of the experiences of the participants were inductively developed and crystallized into a holistic interpretation of the participants' shared experience. The holistic experience was comprised of two opposing, dynamic life forces:exercising precautionandstriving for independence. Within each life force, participants used five major strategies that simultaneously constrained and expanded their life space. Health-promoting practice and policy implications, as well as areas for further research, are discussed.
Monitoring Antibody Binding Events in Homogeneous Solution by Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Scheffler Silvia , Sauer Markus , Neuweiler Hannes 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
We demonstrate the potential of modern confocal fluorescence microscopy in combination with quenched peptide-based fluorescence probes for sensitive detection of p53 antibodies directly in homogeneous solution. Single tryptophan (Trp) residues in the sequences of short, synthetic peptide epitopes of the human p53 protein efficiently quench the fluorescence of an oxazine fluorophore attached to the amino terminal ends of the peptides. The fluorescence quenching mechanism is thought to be a photoinduced electron transfer reaction from Trp to the dye enabled by the formation of intramolecular complexes between dye and Trp. Specific recognition of the epitope by the antibody confines the conformational flexibility of the peptide. Consequently, complex formation between dye and Trp is abolished and fluorescence is recovered. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), antibody binding can be monitored observing simultaneously two parameters: the diffusional mobility of the peptide as well as the quenching amplitude induced by the conformational flexibility of the peptide change significantly upon antibody binding. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the strong fluorescence increase upon binding can also be used to directly detect p53 autoantibodies from human blood serum samples in fluorescence intensity time traces. Our data demonstrate that new refined single-molecule fluorescence techniques in combination with quenched peptide epitopes open new possibilities for the reliable detection of antibody binding events in homogeneous solution.
Classical Trajectory and Statistical Adiabatic Channel Study of the Dynamics of Capture and Unimolecular Bond Fission. VII. Thermal Capture and Specific Rate Constants k(E,J) for the Dissociation of Molecular Ions
Authors: Troe J. , Ushakov V.G. , Viggiano A. A. 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Specific rate constants, k(E,J), and thermal capture rate constants, k
cap(T), are determined by statistical adiabatic channel model/classical trajectory (SACM/CT) calculations for unimolecular dissociation and the reverse association reactions of representative polyatomic molecular ions. Simple short-range valence/long-range ion-induced dipole model potentials without reverse barriers have been employed, using the reactions C8H10
+ ⇔ C7H7
+ + CH3 and C9H12
+ ⇔ C7H7
+ + C2H5 as illustrative examples. Simplified representations of k(E) and k
cap(T) from rigid activated complex Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory are compared with the SACM/CT treatment and with experimental results. The Massey parameters of the transitional mode dynamics, for the systems considered, are smaller than unity such that their dynamics is nonadiabatic while the dynamics of the conserved modes is adiabatic. Because of the long-range/short-range switching character of the potential, simple rigid activated complex RRKM theory cannot be used without modifications. The effects of a shifting of the effective bottle-neck of the dynamics with increasing energy towards smaller interfragment distances in the present cases are amplified by a shift into a range of increasing anisotropy of the potential. As a consequence, the thermal capture rate constants markedly decrease with increasing temperature.
Bubble size estimation in slurry bubble columns from pressure fluctuations
Authors: Chilekar V. P. , Warnier M. J. F. , van der Schaaf J. , Kuster B. F. M. , Schouten J. C. , van Ommen J. R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe average large gas bubble size in slurry bubble columns is estimated using a spectral analysis method applied to measured pressure time series. A pressure time series measured in a bubble column consists of local pressure fluctuations and global pressure fluctuations. The local pressure fluctuations arise from the liquid velocity fluctuations induced by the large gas bubbles and by the changes in gas holdup. The standard deviation of these local pressure fluctuations is a measure of the average large bubble size. The coherence between the pressure time series measured at the sparger and at any other location in the column is used to separate the local pressure fluctuations from the global pressure fluctuations. The global pressure fluctuations are measured instantaneously throughout the column and form the coherent part of the pressure time series. The local pressure fluctuations, which are absent at the sparger, form the incoherent part of the pressure time series. In a 2‐D bubble column, a clear correlation is demonstrated between the incoherent standard deviation of the pressure time series and the average large gas bubble size obtained from video imaging. A good agreement is also found between this correlation and the 3‐D model proposed by Krishna et al. for predicting the average large bubble size in 3‐D (slurry) bubble columns. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Analysis of breakthrough dynamics in rectangular channels of arbitrary aspect ratio
Authors: Ahn Hyungwoong , Brandani Stefano 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAdsorption in rectangular and square channels is attracting great interest from various fields of research. In particular, in large scale applications the main interest is in the prediction of the performance of monoliths composed of several individual channels, while, in the field of microengineering, particular interest is in the separation performance of individual channels for the development of small‐scale analytical devices, that is, the lab on a chip. The design of all these units is based on the accurate representation of the breakthrough dynamics and the performance of the unit can be represented conveniently by the height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP). General simplified equations for the calculation of the HETP are derived for rectangular channels of arbitrary aspect ratio. The dispersion in the solid phase is corrected to take into account the effect of the adsorptive capacity in the four corners of the solid phase. A corrected thickness of the walls of the channels is predicted and shown to yield the exact HETP by comparing the analytical solution to the full 3‐D numerical solution. Numerical simulations are presented for representative gas and liquid systems. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2005
Gonadoblastoma in Turner syndrome and Y‐chromosome‐derived material
Authors: Mazzanti Laura , Cicognani Alessandro , Baldazzi Lilia , Bergamaschi Rosalba , Scarano Emanuela , Strocchi Simona , Nicoletti Annalisa , Mencarelli Francesca , Pittalis Mariacarla , Forabosco Antonino , Cacciari Emanuele 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe identification of Y‐chromosome material is important in females with Ullrich–Turner syndrome (UTS) due to the risk of developing gonadoblastoma or other gonadal tumors. There is controversy regarding the frequency of the Y‐chromosome‐derived material and the occurrence of gonadoblastoma in these patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate a large number of patients with UTS, followed before and during the pubertal age for the prevalence of Y‐chromosome derived material, the occurrence of gonadoblastoma, and the incidence of possible neoplastic degeneration. An unselected series of 171 patients with UTS (1–34 years old), diagnosed cytogenetically, was studied for Y‐chromosome markers (SRY and Y‐centromeric DYZ3 repeats). The follow‐up was of 2–22 years; 101 of these patients were followed during pubertal age. Y‐chromosome material was found in 14 patients (8%): 12 of these were gonadectomized (2.8–25.9 years). A gonadoblastoma was detected in four patients under 16 years of age: in two, Y‐material was detected only at molecular analysis (at conventional cytogenetic analysis, one was included in the 45,X group and one in the X + mar group) and one had also an immature teratoma and an endodermal sinus carcinoma. The prevalence of gonadoblastoma in our series of gonadectomized UTS patients with Y‐positive material was of 33.3% (4/12). Our data suggest that the age of appearance and the possibility of malignant degeneration of gonadoblastoma can occur early in life. These patients, in particular those with 45,X or a marker chromosome may benefit from molecular screening to detect the presence of Y‐chromosome material; PCR is a rapid and inexpensive technique. At the moment, laparoscopy and preventive gonadectomy performed as soon as possible remain the procedures of choice for patients with UTS, when Y‐chromosome has been identified, as we are still unable to predict a future malignant evolution of gonadoblastoma. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An LRRK2 mutation as a cause for the parkinsonism in the original PARK8 family
Authors: Funayama Manabu , Hasegawa Kazuko , Ohta Etsuro , Kawashima Noriko , Komiyama Masaru , Kowa Hisayuki , Tsuji Shoji , Obata Fumiya 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe detected a missense mutation in the kinase domain of the LRRK2 gene in members with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease of the Japanese family (the Sagamihara family) who served as the basis for the original defining of the PARK8 Parkinson's disease locus. The results of the Sagamihara family, in combination with the unique pathological features characterized by pure nigral degeneration without Lewy bodies, provided us with valuable information for elucidating the protein structure–pathogenesis relationship for the gene product of LRRK2. We did not detect this mutation or other known mutations of the LRRK2 gene in Japanese patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 2005