bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Substituted Uracils by the Reactions of Halouracils with Selenium, Sulfur, Oxygen and Nitrogen Nucleophiles under Focused Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Fang Woei‐Ping , Cheng Yuh‐Tsyr , Cheng Yann‐Ru , Cherng Yie‐Jia 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Exocyclic Enamides: (Z)‐3‐Arylidene‐4‐acetyl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,4‐benzoxazines.
Authors: Zhou Yong‐Gui , Yang Peng‐Yu , Han Xiu‐Wen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Oxalylation of N‐Phenylanthranilic‐O‐alkylhydroxamates to 4‐Alkoxy‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐1,4‐benzodiazepine‐2,3,5‐triones.
Authors: Geffken Detlef , Koellner Maria Anna 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of α‐Silyl‐ or α,α‐Bis(silyl)‐Substituted Alkylcopper Reagents and Their Synthetic Use.
Authors: Kondo Junichi , Inoue Atsushi , Ito Yuki , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Oshima Koichiro 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Generation of α‐Phosphonovinyl Radicals and Development of a New Route to Highly Functionalized Vinylphosphonates and Vinylphosphonate‐Incorporated Carbocyclic or Heterocyclic Compounds via a Radical Trapping Sequence.
Authors: Ageno Takafumi , Okauchi Tatsuo , Minami Toru , Ishida Masaru 
Published: July 2005

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A Facile and Versatile Preparation of Bilindiones and Biladienones from Tetraarylporphyrins.
Authors: Yamauchi Takae , Mizutani Tadashi , Wada Kenji , Horii Shoji , Furukawa Hirotaka , Masaoka Shigeyuki , Chang Ho‐Chol , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Concise Syntheses of the Cruciferous Phytoalexins Brassilexin (IIIa), Sinalexin (Vb), Wasalexins (X), and Analogues: Expanding the Scope of the Vilsmeier Formylation.
Authors: Pedras M. Soledade C. , Jha Mukund 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nonracemic Betti Base as a New Chiral Auxiliary: Application to Total Syntheses of Enantiopure (2S,6R)‐Dihydropinidine and (2S,6R)‐Isosolenopsins.
Authors: Wang Xinyan , Dong Yanmei , Sun Jianwei , Xu Xuenong , Li Rui , Hu Yuefei 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Advances in Magnesium Electrochemistry — A Challenge for Nanomaterials
Authors: Aurbach Doron , Gofer Yossi , Chusid Orit , Levi Elena , Levi Mikhail D. , Vestfrid Yulia , Gizbar Haim , Lancry Eli 
Published: July 2005

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Valence and Structural Transitions in the Pseudo‐Ternary Germanide Ce(Rh0.69Ir0.31)Ge.
Authors: Gaudin Etienne , Chavalier Bernard , Heying Birgit , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nuclear and Magnetic Structures and Magnetic Properties of Co3(OH)2(SO4)2 (H2O)2. Comparison to the Mn and Ni Analogues.
Authors: Ben Salah Mohsen , Vilminot Serge , Andre Gilles , Bouree‐Vigneron Francoise , Richard‐Plouet Mireille , Mhiri Tahar , Kurmoo Mohamedally 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Reaction Between ZnO and Molten Na2S2O7 or K2S2O7 Forming Na2Zn(SO4)2 or K2Zn(SO4)2, Studied by Raman Spectroscopy and X‐Ray Diffraction.
Authors: Berg Rolf W. , Thorup Niels 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Associating Borate and Silicate Chemistry by Extreme Conditions: High‐Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of the New Borates Ln3B5O12 (Ln: Er—Lu).
Authors: Emme Holger , Valldor Martin , Poettgen Rainer , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: July 2005

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A Unique Cyanide‐Bridged Three‐Dimensional (3‐D) Copper(II)—Copper(I) Mixed‐Valence Polymer Containing 1‐D Water Tapes with Cyclic Pentamer Units.
Authors: Zheng Ji‐Min , Batten Stuart R. , Du Miao 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Diastereoselective Desymmetrization of Cyclic meso‐Anhydrides and Derivatization to Mono‐Protected 1,4‐Diols.
Authors: Evans Amanda C. , Longbottom Deborah A. , Matsuoka Masato , Ley Steven V. 
Published: July 2005

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Novel Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,3‐Butadien‐2‐ylmethanols via Tandem Alkylbromide—Epoxide Vinylations Using Dimethylsulfonium Methylide.
Authors: Alcaraz Lilian , Cox Katherine , Cridland Andrew P. , Kinchin Elizabeth , Morris James , Thompson Stewart P. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Development of Chiral Catalysts by Asymmetric Activation for Highly Enantioselective Diethylzinc Addition to Imines.
Authors: Zhang Hai‐Le , Liu Hua , Cui Xin , Mi Ai‐Qiao , Jiang Yao‐Zhong , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐versus Copper‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation Towards an Efficient Access to Polysubstituted Dibenzophenanthrolines and Carbazoles.
Authors: Jacquelin Clemence , Saettel Nicolas , Hounsou Candide , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule 
Published: July 2005

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Ytterbium Triflate Promoted Tandem One‐Pot Oxidation—Cannizzaro Reaction of Aryl Methyl Ketones.
Authors: Curini Massimo , Epifano Francesco , Genovese Salvatore , Marcotullio M. Carla , Rosati Ornelio 
Published: July 2005

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One‐Pot Multistep Synthesis of 4‐Acetoxy‐2‐amino‐3‐arylbenzofurans from 1‐Aryl‐2‐nitroethylenes and Cyclohexane‐1,3‐diones.
Authors: Ishikawa Teruhiko , Miyahara Tadashi , Asakura Mami , Higuchi Shuichi , Miyauchi Yayoi , Saito Seiki 
Published: July 2005

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Reaction of α‐(N‐Carbamoyl)alkylcuprates with Propargyl Substrates: Synthetic Route to α‐Amino Allenes and Δ3‐Pyrrolines.
Authors: Dieter R. Karl , Chen Ningyi , Yu Huayun , Nice Lois E. , Gore Vinayak K. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Parallel Liquid‐Phase Synthesis of N‐Substituted 6‐Aminosulfonyl‐2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline‐4‐carboxamide and 6‐Aminosulfonylquinoline‐4‐carboxamide Derivatives.
Authors: Ivachtchenko Alexandre V. , Kobak Vladimir V. , Ilyn Alexey P. , Khvat Alexander V. , Kysil Volodymir M. , Williams Caroline T. , Kuzovkova Julia A. , Kravchenko Dmitry V. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Preparation and Evaluation of 1‐Substituted 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐ and 3,4‐Dihydro‐β‐carboline Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Shen Ya‐Ching , Chen Ching‐Yeu , Hsieh Pei‐Wen , Duh Chang‐Yih , Lin Yat‐Min , Ko Chin‐Lien 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Studies on Tellurium‐Containing Heterocycles. Part 24. Reactions of 2‐Benzoselenopyrylium Salts with Hydrazine: A New Easy Access to 5H‐2,3‐Benzodiazepines.
Authors: Sashida Haruki , Ohyanagi Kazuo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Diphenylphosphine with Vinyl Bromides and Chlorides as a Route to Diphenylvinylphosphines.
Authors: Shulyupin Mstilsav O. , Chirkov Evgeniy A. , Kazankova Marina A. , Beletskaya Irina P. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic β‐Amino Acid Derivatives as β‐Turn Mimetics.
Authors: Yamanaka Toshio , Ohkubo Mitsuru , Kato Masayuki , Kawamura Yasufumi , Nishi Akinori , Hosokawa Takahiro 
Published: July 2005

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Preparation of 2‐Pyridone‐Containing Tricyclic Alkaloid Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of Tumor Cell Proliferation by Regioselective Intramolecular N‐ and C‐Acylation of 2‐Pyridone.
Authors: Wang Shaozhong , Cao Liya , Shi Haijian , Dong Yanmei , Sun Jianwei , Hu Yuefei 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Ferromagnetic Shape‐memory Effect in Ni—Mn—Ga
Authors: Marioni M. A. , O'Handley R. C. , Allen S. M. , Hall S. R. , Paul D. I. , Richard M. L. , Feuchtwanger J. , Peterson B. W. , Chambers J. M. , Techapiesancharoenkij R. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Low‐Valent Titanium Reagent‐Promoted Intramolecular Reductive Coupling Reactions of Ketomalononitriles: A Facile Synthesis of Benzo[4,5]indene, Acridine and Quinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Shi Daqing , Rong Liangce , Shi Chunling , Zhuang Qiya , Wang Xiangshan , Tu Shujiang , Hu Hongwen 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heterocyclic Synthesis via Enaminones: Novel Synthesis of (1H)‐Pyridin‐2‐one, Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine and Isoxazole Derivatives Incorporating a N‐Methylphthalimide and Their Biological Evaluation.
Authors: Al‐Omran Fatima , El‐Khair Adel A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthetic Utility of 2‐Benzylidene‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazol‐1‐ones. A Facile Syntheses of Pyrano[2,3‐a]carbazoles, Pyrido[2,3‐a]carbazoles and Pyridazino[3,4‐a]carbazoles.
Authors: Danish Isravel Antony , Prasad Karnam Jayarampillai Rajendra 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Dihydroxylation of Alkenes Catalyzed by a PEG‐Bound Bi‐Chinchona Alkaloid Ligand.
Authors: Yang Xi‐Wen , Liu Han‐Quan , Lin Guo‐Qiang , Xu Ming‐Hua 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Formation of Cyclopropane Derivatives Bearing 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Groups Through Tandem Michael—Favorskii‐Type Reactions with (E)‐β‐Styrylselenonium Triflate.
Authors: Watanabe Shin‐ichi , Nakayama Ippei , Kataoka Tadashi 
Published: July 2005

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Bismuth Compounds in Organic Synthesis. A One‐Pot Synthesis of Homoallyl Ethers and Homoallyl Acetates from Aldehydes Catalyzed by Bismuth Triflate.
Authors: Anzalone Peter W. , Baru Ashvin R. , Danielson Eric M. , Hayes Patrick D. , Nguyen Mai P. , Panico Ambrose F. , Smith Russell C. , Mohan Ram S. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Expedient, Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐Alkylamino‐ and 2‐Alkylthiothiazolo[5,4‐e]indoles.
Authors: Chakrabarty Manas , Kundu Taraknath , Arima Shiho , Harigaya Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2005

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Synthesis and in vivo Antihyperglycemic Activity of 5‐(1H‐Pyrazol‐3‐yl)methyl‐1H‐tetrazoles.
Authors: Sharon Ashoke , Pratap Ramendra , Tiwari Priti , Srivastava Arvind , Maulik P. R. , Ram Vishnu Ji 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Conversion of Catechols into 6H‐Benzofuro[3,2‐c][1]benzopyran‐6‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Nematollahi Davood , Habibi Davood , Alizadeh Abdolhamid , Hesari Mahdi 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[4 + 2] Cycloaddition of 2‐Substituted 1,2‐Dihydropyridines with Nitrosobenzene: Asymmetric Synthesis of trans‐2‐Substituted 3‐Amino‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridines.
Authors: Lemire Alexandre , Beaudoin Daniel , Grenon Michel , Charette Andre B. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Catalytic Aromatization of Hantzsch 1,4‐Dihydropyridines by Ferric Perchlorate in Acetic Acid.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Behbahani Farahnaz K. , Oskooie Hossien A. , Shoar Rahim Hekmat 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Spiro‐pyrazole‐3,3′‐thiopyrano[2,3‐b]pyridines and Azolo[a]pyrido[2′,3′:5,6]thiopyrano[3,4‐d]pyrimidines as New Ring Systems with Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities.
Authors: Dawood Kamal M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of the Optical Isomers of a New Anticholinergic Drug, Penehyclidine Hydrochloride (8018).
Authors: Han Xiang‐Yu , Liu He , Liu Chun‐He , Wu Bo , Chen Lan‐Fu , Zhong Bo‐Hua , Liu Ke‐Liang 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Novel Functionalized Symmetric Bi‐2(1H)‐pyrazinones.
Authors: De Borggraeve Wim M. , Appukkuttan Prasad , Azzam Rasha , Dehaen Wim , Compernolle Frans , Van der Eycken Erik , Hoornaert Georges 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Cassane‐Type Diterpenes of Caesalpinia crista from Myanmar.
Authors: Kalauni Surya Kant , Awale Suresh , Tezuka Yasuhiro , Banskota Arjun Hari , Linn Thein Zaw , Kadota Shigetoshi 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of (S)‐ and (R)‐α‐Phenylserine by a Sulfinimine‐Mediated Strecker Reaction.
Authors: Avenoza Alberto , Busto Jesus H. , Corzana Francisco , Peregrina Jesus M. , Sucunza David , Zurbano Maria M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Novel Anellated Pyranosides as Precursors of C‐Nucleoside Analogues Using Isopropyl 6‐O‐Acetyl‐3‐deoxy‐4‐S‐ethyl‐4‐thio‐α‐D‐threo‐hexopyranosid‐2‐ulos e.
Authors: Ruiz Reinaldo Molina , Martinez Iran Otero , Michalik Manfred , Reinke Helmut , Suarez Jose Quincoces , Peseke Klaus 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Short, Stereoselective, and Common Approach for the Synthesis of 4,5‐Disubstituted δ‐Lactones Simplactone B and Its C‐5 Analogue.
Authors: Kumar A. Ravi , Sudhakar N. , Rao B. Venkateswara , Raghunandan N. , Venkatesh A. , Sarangapani M. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
High Density Hydroxyl Anions in a Microporous Crystal: [Ca24Al28O64] 4+×4(OH‐).
Authors: Li Jiang , Huang Fan , Wang Lian , Yu Shu‐Qin , Torimoto Youshifumi , Sadakata Masayoshi , Li Quan Xin 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Microwave Approach for the Synthesis of Rhabdophane‐Type Lanthanide Orthophosphate (Ln: La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb) Nanorods under Solvothermal Conditions.
Authors: Patra Chitta Ranjan , Alexandra Gabashvili , Patra Sujata , Jacob David Solomon , Gedanken Aharon , Landau Asher , Gofer Yossi 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of 4‐(4′‐(Chlorophenyl)‐4‐hydroxypiperidine) Derivatives.
Authors: Saify Zafar Saeed , Mushtaq Nousheen , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Perveen Shahnaz , Shah Syed Tasadaque Ali , Abdel‐Jalil Raid Jamil , Fecker Miriam , Voelter Wolfgang 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Discovery of a Novel and Potent Human and Rat β3‐Adrenergic Receptor Agonist, [3‐[(2R)‐[ [(2R)‐(3‐Chlorophenyl)‐2‐hydroxyethyl]amino]propyl]‐1H‐indol‐7‐yloxy] acetic Acid.
Authors: Harada Hiroshi , Hirokawa Yoshimi , Suzuki Kenji , Hiyama Yoichi , Oue Mayumi , Kawashima Hitoshi , Kato Hiroshi , Yoshida Naoyuki , Furutani Yasuji , Kato Shiro 
Published: July 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Gene expression of the repulsive guidance molecules during development of the mouse intestine
Authors: Metzger Marco , Conrad Sabine , Alvarez‐Bolado Gonzalo , Skutella Thomas , Just Lothar 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRepulsive guidance molecules (RGMs) are recently identified proteins implicated in neuronal differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. However, in non‐neural tissues a specific biological function of RGM is still unknown. In this study, we describe the expression patterns of the RGM members (a, b, and c) during embryonic and postnatal development of the small and large murine intestine. We demonstrated by RT‐PCR, in situ hybridization, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry that subtypes RGMa and RGMb but not RGMc were strongly expressed in enteric ganglia cells of the fetal and adult gut. In contrast to the enteric nervous system, RGMa and RGMb expression in the intestinal epithelium started during postnatal gut development. Interestingly, both subtypes were predominantly expressed in the proliferative crypt compartment of the gut epithelium and in paneth cells of small intestine. The development‐dependent expression in enteric ganglia and intestinal epithelial cells suggests that RGM may be involved in cell migration, differentiation, and apoptosis with similar cellular mechanisms as described in the central nervous system. Developmental Dynamics 234:169–175, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of 9p21 deletions in UK melanoma families
Authors: Mistry Sushila H. , Taylor Claire , Randerson‐Moor Juliette A. , Harland Mark , Turner Faye , Barrett Jennifer H. , Whitaker Linda , Jenkins Robert B. , Knowles Margaret A. , Bishop Julia A. Newton , Bishop D. Timothy 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAlthough the CDKN2A gene has been shown to be the major genetic determinant governing high‐penetrance susceptibility to melanoma, there remains a significant proportion of melanoma pedigrees in which germline mutations of CDKN2A have not been identified. We have therefore studied the prevalence of germline 9p deletions encompassing the CDKN2 locus in melanoma pedigrees, using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. Germline deletions were found in 3 of 93 UK pedigrees, with no previously identified CDKN2A mutations. A hemizygous deletion of CDKN2A exon 1β previously reported by this group was confirmed in one family and identified in a second. Microsatellite analysis determined that these two families were ancestrally related. In the third family, a novel p16 hemizygous deletion involving CDKN2A exons 1α, 2, and 3 was detected. An additional 9p21 deletion reported previously in a USA melanoma‐neural system tumor family was shown to involve CDKN2A exon 1β, and not p16. The CDKN2A exon 1β deletions provide further evidence that this tumor suppressor gene is important in melanoma‐neural system tumor susceptibility, but do not exclude the possibility of a novel gene or regulatory element also being deleted in this region. Deletions at 9p21 are rare and explain only a small proportion of melanoma susceptibility. This study is the first to comprehensively exclude deletions in melanoma‐prone families with no previously identified CDKN2A mutations. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
Authors: Nkondjock André , Ghadirian Parviz , Kotsopoulos Joanne , Lubinski Jan , Lynch Henry , Kim‐Sing Charmaine , Horsman Douglas , Rosen Barry , Isaacs Claudine , Weber Barbara , Foulkes William , Ainsworth Peter , Tung Nadine , Eisen Andrea , Friedman Eitan , Eng Charis , Sun Ping , Narod Steven A. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractAlthough there are several plausible biologic mechanisms whereby coffee consumption might influence the risk of breast cancer, epidemiologic evidence is limited. We assessed the association between coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among high‐risk women who carry BRCA mutations. We performed a matched case‐control analysis on 1,690 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation from 40 centers in 4 countries. Average lifetime coffee consumption was estimated via a self‐administered questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. After adjustment for potential confounders, the ORs for breast cancer in BRCA carriers who habitually drank 0, 1–3, 4–5 and 6 or more cups of coffee were 1.00, 0.90 (95% CI 0.72–1.12), 0.75 (95% CI 0.47–1.19) and 0.31 (95% CI 0.13–0.71; p‐trend = 0.02). The effect was limited to the consumption of caffeinated coffee. These results suggest that among women with BRCA gene mutation, coffee consumption is unlikely to be harmful and that high levels of consumption may in fact be related to reduced breast cancer risk. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An inverse association between ovarian cysts and breast cancer in the breast cancer family registry
Authors: Knight Julia A. , John Esther M. , Milne Roger L. , Dite Gillian S. , Balbuena Ron , Shi Ellen J.Q. , Giles Graham G. , Ziogas Argyrios , Andrulis Irene L. , Whittemore Alice S. , Hopper John L. ,   for the Breast Cancer Family Registry
Published: July 2005

AbstractOvarian cysts of several types are common in women of reproductive age. Their etiology is not well understood but is likely related to perturbations in the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis. The relationship of ovarian cysts to breast cancer risk is not known, although a negative association with polycystic ovarian syndrome has been reported. Incident, invasive female breast cancer cases, population‐based controls and unaffected sisters of cases were studied from 3 countries participating in the Breast Cancer Family Registry: Melbourne and Sydney, Australia; the San Francisco Bay Area, USA; and Ontario, Canada. Using the same questionnaire, information was collected on self‐reported history of ovarian cysts and other risk factors. Analyses were based on 3,049 cases, 2,344 population controls and 1,934 sister controls from all sites combined. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using both unconditional and conditional logistic regression using an offset term to account for sampling fractions at 2 of the sites. A significantly reduced risk of breast cancer was observed for women reporting a history of ovarian cysts (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.59–0.82, among all cases and all controls). This risk estimate was similar regardless of control group used, within all 3 sites and in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women (ORs ranging from 0.68–0.75, all 95% CI excluded 1.00). A self‐reported history of ovarian cysts was strongly and consistently associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Further study of ovarian cysts may increase our understanding of hormonal and other mechanisms of breast cancer etiology. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biases in human papillomavirus genotype prevalence assessment associatedwith commonly used consensus primers
Authors: Chan Paul K. S. , Cheung Tak‐Hong , Tam Ann O. Y. , Lo Keith W. K. , Yim So‐Fan , Yu May M. Y. , To Ka‐Fai , Wong Yick‐Fu , Cheung Jo L. K. , Chan Denise P. C. , Hui Mamie , Ip Margaret 
Published: July 2005

AbstractConsensus primers targeting human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have biases in sensitivity toward certain HPV types. We applied 3 primer sets (GP5+/6+, MY09/11, PGMY09/11) in parallel on 120 Chinese cervical cancer specimens. GP5+/6+ exhibited a poor sensitivity for HPV52, for which the prevalence among squamous cell cervical cancer was underestimated from 14.6% to 0%. The fact that HPV52 should rank second in prevalence among squamous cell cervical carcinoma in Hong Kong could be missed if GP5+/6+, a worldwide commonly used primer set, was selected for HPV detection. Biases in HPV type‐specific sensitivity may result in misprioritization of vaccine candidates. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.