bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of behavior modification training combined with electroencephalographic biofeedback therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Luo Xiangfen , Zhang Ling , Xia Lei , Zhou Xiaoqin 
Published: November 2023

Background and aimsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children. Multiple treatments are currently available with varying effectiveness, and our aim was to investigate the efficacy of behavior modification training combined with Electroencephalography (EEG) biofeedback treatment on ADHD in children.MethodsChildren with ADHD were randomly divided into a control group (n = 42), an EEG biofeedback group (n = 30) and a behavior modification training combined with EEG biofeedback group (i.e., a combined intervention group) (n = 30) according to the intervention. Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV (SNAP-IV) and Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) were assessed before and after three months of treatment.ResultsWe found that in the EEG biofeedback group and the combined intervention group, the scores of all factors except “anxiety” and “psychosomatic disorder” were lower than before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). After treatment, the scores of the three groups were compared. The scores of “impulsivity-hyperactivity”, “learning problems”, “inattention factor” and “hyperactivity factor” were all lower than before, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). In the post-treatment comprehensive intervention group and the control group, the efficacy was apparent, and the differences in the scores of each factor were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). In the comparison between the EEG biofeedback group and the control group, except for “anxiety”, “psychosomatic disorder” and “conduct problem” the scores of each factor were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). For the comparison between the integrated intervention group and the EEG biofeedback group, the scores of all factors before and after treatment were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05), except for “anxiety”, “impulsivity-hyperactivity” and the scores of all the factors before and after treatment were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05), except for “anxiety”, “impulsivity-hyperactivity” and “psychosomatic disorder”.ConclusionsThe comprehensive efficacy of behavior modification training combined with EEG biofeedback therapy on the improvement of symptoms in children with ADHD is positive, and good compliance is worthy of clinical promotion.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/indexEN.html, identifier (ChiCTR2300071511).
From classical to quantum machine learning: survey on routing optimization in 6G software defined networking
Authors: Bouchmal Oumayma , Cimoli Bruno , Stabile Ripalta , Vegas Olmos Juan Jose , Tafur Monroy Idelfonso 
Published: November 2023

The sixth generation (6G) of mobile networks will adopt on-demand self-reconfiguration to fulfill simultaneously stringent key performance indicators and overall optimization of usage of network resources. Such dynamic and flexible network management is made possible by Software Defined Networking (SDN) with a global view of the network, centralized control, and adaptable forwarding rules. Because of the complexity of 6G networks, Artificial Intelligence and its integration with SDN and Quantum Computing are considered prospective solutions to hard problems such as optimized routing in highly dynamic and complex networks. The main contribution of this survey is to present an in-depth study and analysis of recent research on the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL), Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), and Quantum Machine Learning (QML) techniques to address SDN routing challenges in 6G networks. Furthermore, the paper identifies and discusses open research questions in this domain. In summary, we conclude that there is a significant shift toward employing RL/DRL-based routing strategies in SDN networks, particularly over the past 3 years. Moreover, there is a huge interest in integrating QML techniques to tackle the complexity of routing in 6G networks. However, considerable work remains to be done in both approaches in order to accomplish thorough comparisons and synergies among various approaches and conduct meaningful evaluations using open datasets and different topologies.
Comparative X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of nitrogen atoms implanted in graphite and diamond
Authors: Auciello Orlando , Veyan Jean-François , Arellano-Jimenez Maria J. 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Insertion of N atoms at a nanoscale subsurface depth in single-crystal diamond (SCD) may enable new generations of quantum electronics devices. In this sense, it is critical to understand the interaction between implanted N atoms and C atoms in the diamond lattice.Methods: The investigation of the interaction of N atoms with SCD at the atomic scale using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis involves in situ bombardment of the SCD surface with relatively low-energy (5,000 eV) N2 ions. In situ XPS analyses of SCD and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) before and after N-atom implantation are compared with published XPS analyses of C-N materials (e.g., g-CN, N in poly/single-crystal diamond).Results: The analyses revealed three N 1s peaks at 398–399 eV (N1), 399–400.5 eV (N2), and 401–403 eV (N3), with the N1 and N2 peaks assigned to C-N bonds and an N3 peak inaccurately assigned, in prior publications, to N-bonded contaminants (e.g., O, NH). In situ cleaning of the SCD and HOPG surfaces prior to N-atom implantation was performed to eliminate all atmospheric contaminants. This cleaning process revealed that the N3 peak is associated with N-C-bonded atoms and not the C-O/NH linkage, as previously suggested. Ex situ high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies of N-implanted SCD show a defect-structured subsurface region.Discussion: An important side effect of the relatively low-energy N implantation in SCD is the formation of a 5–8 nm electrically conductive surface layer, an effect that may open the pathways for future research in diamond-based micro- and nano-electronics.
Real-time robot topological localization and mapping with limited visual sampling in simulated buried pipe networks
Authors: Li Xiangyu S. , Nguyen T. L. , Cohn Anthony G. , Dogar Mehmet , Cohen Netta 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Our work introduces a real-time robotic localization and mapping system for buried pipe networks.Methods: The system integrates non-vision-based exploration and navigation with an active-vision-based localization and topological mapping algorithm. This algorithm is selectively activated at topologically key locations, such as junctions. Non-vision-based sensors are employed to detect junctions, minimizing the use of visual data and limiting the number of images taken within junctions.Results: The primary aim is to provide an accurate and efficient mapping of the pipe network while ensuring real-time performance and reduced computational requirements.Discussion: Simulation results featuring robots with fully autonomous control in a virtual pipe network environment are presented. These simulations effectively demonstrate the feasibility of our approach in principle, offering a practical solution for mapping and localization in buried pipes.
Campesino and indigenous women conserve floral species richness for pollinators for esthetic reasons
Authors: Kolze Anna Lena , Philpott Stacy M. , Rivera-Pedroza Leonardo F. , Armbrecht Inge 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHomegardens in agricultural areas are important refuges for pollinators and other valuable species due to the extensive plant diversity therein. Yet, plant diversity may strongly depend on the identity of the gardeners and their knowledge of plant identification and plant uses.ObjectiveIn this study, we used botanical surveys and homegardener interviews to explore plant diversity in homegardens in coffee-producing regions of Colombia, and to examine how homegardener identity influences their knowledge of plants, plant uses, and motivations for maintaining a homegarden.MethodsWe collected information in three villages in Cauca, Colombia and interviewed campesino (n = 30) and indigenous (n = 30) homegardeners. Half of the respondents from each social group were women and half were men.Results and discussionOf the 566 plant species that we detected in botanical surveys, the most recognized spontaneous herbs among homegardeners were “papunga” (Bidens pilosa, n = 38), “lechuguilla” (Emilia sonchifolia, n = 32), and “escoba” (Sida acuta, n = 31). Homegardeners identified multiple uses of spontaneous herbs including for food, material, medicine, plants for bees, and other environmental, conservation, or social uses. In addition, three different groups of gardeners emerged from social groupings and interview responses: (1) indigenous men with little knowledge of the uses of spontaneous herbs; (2) indigenous and campesino women who considered it beneficial to have flowers and crops for pollinators; and (3) male farmers who described detailed mutualistic plant-pollinator interactions that benefit crops, and who use spontaneous herbs to maintain soil moisture. In conclusion, homegardeners kept very diverse gardens and identified spontaneous herbs and pollinator functions, but this strongly depended on age, knowledge, and social group. Thus, homegarden presence within agricultural landscapes is of great importance to sustain functional biodiversity and ecosystem services in Colombian agroecosystems.ConclusionIn conclusion, homegardeners kept very diverse gardens and identified spontaneous herbs and pollinator functions, but this strongly depended on age, knowledge, and social group. Thus, homegarden presence within agricultural landscapes is of great importance to sustain functional biodiversity and ecosystem services in Colombian agroecosystems.
Optimizing fertilizer use for sustainable food systems: an evaluation of integrated water-fertilizer system adoption among cotton farmers in China
Authors: Yuan Yinghui , Wang Changyi , Zai Xueming , Song Yulan , Zhang Xiaoheng 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionIn the face of escalating apprehensions surrounding food security, the sustainability of food systems, and food quality, the ingenuity of resource management strategies becomes paramount. A key component within these strategies is the enhancement of chemical fertilizer utilization, an element that bears significant weight on agricultural yields and the preservation of our environment. The emergence of Integrated Water-Fertilizer Systems (IWFS) thus presents a significant innovation in boosting the efficiency of chemical fertilizer usage, necessitating in-depth examination.MethodsUtilizing a rigorous analytical framework that combines meta-frontier production function with a Two-Stage Residual Inclusion model, this study delves into the multi-dimensional impacts of IWFS adoption on fertilizer use efficiency among cotton growers in Xinjiang, China.ResultsEmpirical evidence demonstrates that those who have adopted IWFS achieve a fertilizer use efficiency score of 0.452, markedly outstripping the mean score of 0.382 among non-adopters. Intriguingly, efficiency increases proportionately with the size of the farm, hinting at a sophisticated interplay between the adoption of technology and operational parameters.DiscussionThe research further unveils additional benefits including augmented cotton yields and diminished labor inputs among adopters. These multifaceted outcomes bear significant policy implications, highlighting the transformative potential of IWFS in promoting sustainable food systems, bolstering food security, and enhancing food quality.
Prevalence of Eimeria spp. infections and major histocompatibility complex class II DRA diversity in Mongolian Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus)
Authors: Khatanbaatar Igori , Nyamdolgor Uranbileg , Chinchuluun Boldbaatar , Naranbaatar Khandsuren , Taubert Anja , Hermosilla Carlos R. , Suchentrunk Franz , Knauer Felix , Burger Pamela A. , Battsetseg Gonchigoo 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe two-humped Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of Central Asia. Domestic Bactrian camels are economically important in Mongolia and other Central Asian countries. These animals are used for transport, milk and meat production, and camel racing which is a great culture of nomads. Eimeriosis, also known as coccidiosis, is considered as an economically important parasitic diseases in Bactrian camels. There is still considerable lack of data concerning the spectrum of monoxenous Eimeria species, their epizootiology as well as their precise life cycles in Bactrian camels. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Eimeria species in camelids from southern part of Mongolia.MethodsA total of 536 fresh camel fecal samples (n = 536) collected from herds located in five different Aimags (provinces) of Mongolia were examined. Eimeria spp. oocysts were isolated using the sugar flotation technique, and after sporulation, oocysts were identified by morphometric evaluation.ResultsWe identified the most common Eimeria species infecting Mongolian Bactrian camels: Eimeria cameli (22.3%), Eimeria rajasthani (37.3%) and Eimeria dromedarii (27.7%). Interestingly, mixed infections were detected in 24.8% (n = 133) of the samples, while 39.0% (n = 209) were negative for coccidian stages. To investigate the immunogenetic response of the Mongolian Bactrian camels to Eimeria spp. infection, we screened the genetic diversity in a functional important immune response gene of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). We detected two polymorphic sites in the MHC class II DRA exon 2, which translated into one non-synonymous and one synonymous amino acid (aa) change.DiscussionThe resulting aa alleles were not significantly associated with any of the three detected Eimeria species infections, nor could we show heterozygote advantage in non-infected Mongolian Bactrian camels. Further investigations on molecular epidemiology, in vitro culture, pathogenicity and host–parasite interactions will be necessary to better understand the impact of eimeriosis in Bactrian camels.
Molecular detection of Bartonella species in wild small mammals in western Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Luo Yun-Yan , Yu Dan , Zhang Hong-Ze , Liu Zheng-Xiang , Hong Ru-Dan , Hong Mei , Ai Zhi-Qiong , Zhu Jun-Jie , Yin Jia-Xiang 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSmall mammals serve as the main reservoir for Bartonella and as a proxy indicator of the potential risk of Bartonella transmission from nature to humans. They offer a valuable early warning for human infection. Nevertheless, geographical variations in the impact of the host on the occurrence of Bartonella infection are underestimated. This study was designed to investigate the infection characteristics of Bartonella and explore its species diversity in wild small mammals in western Yunnan Province, China.MethodsWild small mammals were captured from Yulong, Jianchuan, and Lianghe counties in western Yunnan Province between 2015 and 2016. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect Bartonella infection, and the Bartonella species were identified by phylogenetic analysis. The factors associated with Bartonella infection in small mammals were analyzed by the Chi-square Test.ResultsThe prevalence of Bartonella in small mammals was 47.85% (768/1605). Lianghe County had the highest Bartonella infection rate, with 56.27% of the samples tested positive, followed by a rate of 50.91% was tested in Yulong County, and 39.97% in Jianchuan County (p &lt; 0.001). Bartonella was detected positive in a total 25 small mammal species, with infection rates ranging from 2.17% to 100%. Niviventer fulvescens had the highest Bartonella infection rate. In comparison with the dominant small mammal species, Eothenomys mileyus had the lowest Bartonella infection rate than that in Apodemus chevrieri, Rattus tanezumi, and Apodemus draco (p &lt; 0.001). Male small mammals had a higher infection rate than females (p &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of Bartonella in small mammals during the summer season was higher compared to the other three seasons (p &lt; 0.001). Woodland landscape had the highest Bartonella infection rate (p &lt; 0.001). Bartonella rochalimae, B. japonica, B. tribocorum, B. washoensis, B. sylvatica, and B. rattimassiliensis were obtained from infected small mammals.ConclusionThis study showed a high prevalence of Bartonella was detected with various Bartonella species in small mammals in Yulong, Jianchuan, and Lianghe counties of western Yunnan Province. These findings hold significant scientific clues, providing valuable reference points for further research of Bartonella natural foci in Yunnan or other analogues environments.
Ремоделирование микроциркуляторного русла тонкой кишки при исключительно углеводной диете
Authors: Абдумаликова И.А. , Алымжан уулу Б.А. , Батырова А.С. , Мусабаева К.Д. , Насырова-Богубаева А.А. , Шарова Е.В. 
Published: November 2023

Целью работы явилось установить характер ремоделирования кровеносного русла тонкой кишки при исключительно углеводной диете. Опыты проведены на белых беспородных лабораторных крысах-самцах, которых в течение тридцати дней кормили только сахаром. На просветленных гистологических препаратах установили, что углеводная диета нарушает ангиоархитектонику всех сосудистых сплетений и капиллярного русла ворсинок тонкой кишки. Это вызывает изменения структурной организации кишечной стенки, характерное для тканевой ишемии. Со стороны крови выявлено увеличение содержания холестерина, глюкозы, лактата, дефицит буферных оснований и ее кислородтранспортной функции.
Ключевые слова: углеводная диета, микроциркуляция тонкой кишки, биохимический профиль и кислородтранспортная функция крови
Сочетанное применение чрескожной электрической стимуляции спинного мозга и транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции в коррекции двигательных функций пациентов после ишемического инсульта
Authors: Ананьев С.С. , Якупов Р.Н. , Павлов Д.А. , Балыкин М.В. 
Published: November 2023

В исследовании участвовали пациенты с нарушениями двигательных функций в острый период реабилитации после ишемического инсульта. Транскраниальную магнитную (рТМС) и чрескожную электростимуляцию спинного мозга (ЧЭССМ) проводили по схеме: 3 минуты 10 Гц рТМС, 25 минут 5 ГЦ ЧЭССМ и 25 минут 30 Гц ЧЭССМ. Установлено, что курс реабилитации с сочетанным использованием рТМС и ЧЭССМ приводит к значимому повышению возбудимости мотонейронных пулов мышц нижних конечностей, улучшению функции постурального контроля, повышению способности к самостоятельному передвижению.
Ключевые слова: инсульт, транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция, чрескожная электрическая стимуляция спинного мозга, локомоция, нейрореабилитации.
EVALUATION THE CAPACITY OF SUBDIVISION HYDERABAD RURAL FOR CULTIVATION OF CHICKPEA VARIETY DG-92 ON DIFFERENT FARMERS FIELDS
Authors: Jamro Abdul Hakeem , Soomro Aijaz Ahmed , Memon Habib-Ur-Rehman , Bhatti Irfan Parveen , Rehman Ata U , Malik Shahid Riyaz , Shaikh Abdul Naeem , Ahmed Israr , Bozdar Hadi Bux 
Published: November 2023

This research study was carried out ever first time on the field of 14 farmers of subdivision (tahseel) Hyderabad (rural), Sindh province of Pakistan during Rabi season, 2021-22 to evaluate the capacity of the targeted area as well as performance of chickpea variety DG-92 to find out a new chickpea belt in Sindh province of Pakistan. The field study was conducted in a three replicated randomized complete block design (RCBD) with net plot size of one acre per farmer, means 14 farmers-14 acres in total. Different fields of fourteen (14) farmers were taken as treatments, these were (T1 = Farmer 1, T2= Farmer 2, T3 = Farmer 3, T4 = Farmer 4, T5 = Farmer 5, T6 = Farmer 6, T7 = Farmer 7, T8= Farmer 8, T9 = Farmer 9, T10 = Farmer 10, T11 = Farmer 11, T12 = Farmer 12, T13 = Farmer 13 and T14= Farmer 14) were evaluated the performance of chickpea variety DG–92 for various agronomic traits. The results showed that highest plant population m-2 (32.95) was recorded from the field of farmer 4 and the lowest plant population m-2 (22.89) was recorded from the field of farmer 10. The maximum plant height (77.23 cm) was recorded from the field of farmer 1 and the minimum plant height (48.63 cm) was recorded from the field of farmer 8. The maximum branches plant-1 (21.70) were recorded from the field of farmer 1 and the minimum branches plant-1 (7.37) were recorded from the field of farmer 5. The maximum pods plant-1 (75.28) were recorded from the field of farmer 3 and the lowest pods plant -1 (30.30) were observed from the field of farmer 8. The maximum seeds plant-1 (152.37) were recorded from the field of farmer 4 and the lowest seeds plant-1 (37.97) were observed from the field of farmer 8). The maximum seed weight plant-1 (25.40 g) was observed from the field of farmer 4 and the minimum seeds weight plant-1 (6.74 g) was observed from the field of farmer 8. The maximum seed index (310.42 g) was recorded from the field of (Farmer 5) and the minimum seed index (216.03) was recorded from the field of farmer 8. The maximum seed yield (1713.7 kg ha-1) was observed from the field of farmer 1 and the minimum seed yield (309,0kg ha-1) was observed from the field of farmer 7 and the maximum biological yield (5140.9 kg ha-1) was recorded from the field of farmer 1 and the minimum biological yield (929.8 kg ha-1) was recorded from the field of farmer 7. It is therefore, suggested that subdivision (tahseel) Hyderabad rural has the great potential to cultivate Chickpea (Gram) crop to add another major Pulse crop in the cropping pattern of the area during Rabi season.
Analisis Efektifitas Rigging Karakter Animasi â€œTeater Merah Putihâ€ Menggunakan Dua Metode
Authors: Albana Ilham , Hermawan Hellik , Kafi Thosien Muhammad Abdul 
Published: November 2023

Banyak pelaku industri animasi, terutama film animasi berkiblat pada industri televisi. Oleh karena itu, istilah â€œkejar tayangâ€ menuntut para pelaku industri film animasi untuk memproduksi film animasi dengan cepat. Para pelaku industri tentunya mencari berbagai cara untuk mempercepat proses pembuatan film animasi, namun mereka tetap menginginkan kualitas yang baik dan konsisten. Rigging adalah bagian penting dari proses film animasi, karena sulit bagi animator untuk menganimasikannya tanpa rig di karakter animasi. Membuat rig bukan hanya tentang menambahkan rig pada karakter saja. Dalam proses pembuatan rig, bukan hanya sekedar membuat rig saja, namun dengan tujuan untuk para animator dapat dengan mudah menganimasikan karakter 3D agar mempercepat proses animasi. Hal ini akan mempercepat proses produksi anda dengan mempercepat proses animasi karena kontrol yang nyaman. Peneliti menguji dua metode rig yang umum digunakan untuk karakter 3D. Metode pengujian yang digunakan meliputi jumlah proses yang dilalui pada character rigging dan jumlah controller pada character rig. Dari pengujian ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa metode rigging mana yang lebih efektif dan lebih cepat,untuk digunakan pada karakter animasi, sehingga lebih cepat pada tahap produksi.