bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum transport simulations of sub-5 nm bilayer Ga2O3 transistor for high-performance applications
Authors: Li Penghui , Dong Linpeng , Peng Bo , Nan Kai , Liu Weiguo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors with bizarre properties show great application potential for nanoscale devices, which is regarded as the Si alternation to extend the Moore’s Law in sub-5 nm era. In this study, we investigate the electronic structure and ballistic transport characteristics of sub-5 nm bilayer (BL) Ga2O3 metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) using the first-principles calculations and the nonequilibrium Green’s function method. Quasi-direct band structure with bandgap of 4.77 eV is observed in BL Ga2O3, and high electron mobility of 910 cm2 V−1s−1 at 300 K is observed under the full-phonon scattered processes. Due to the enlarged natural length, the gate-controllable ability of 2D Ga2O3 n-MOSFET is suppressed with the increased layer. The transport characteristic investigation indicates that BL Ga2O3 n-MOSFETs can meet the latest International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors requirement for high-performance application until L
g = 4 nm. The figures of merits including on-current, intrinsic delay time, and power delay product are showing competitive potential with the reported 2D materials. With the help of underlap structure, the device performance can be further improved in the sub-3 nm region. Our results indicate that BL Ga2O3 is a promising candidate for sub-5 nm MOSFET applications.
Beam profile analysis in magnetoplasma medium
Authors: Basdemir Husnu Deniz , Elmabruk Kholoud 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the current study, electromagnetic fields produced by a point source in a magnetoplasma medium under the steady external magnetic field are derived by using Maxwell equations. To obtain the general Gaussian beams complex source point method is used. The radiated fields are Gaussian beams when the complex values are assigned to the source coordinates in the derived expressions. Due to the analytic continuation between real and imaginary source points being performed directly in the high frequencies no further calculations are required to convert ray solutions to beam solutions. Thus, the obtained beam solutions are valid outside the paraxial region therefore better representation of fields is obtained. The derived beam profiles are investigated for different set of parameters numerically.
Unraveling the magnetic properties and nature of exchange interactions of Mn5−x
Fe
x
Ge3 (0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) alloys
Authors: Lalita  , Pardeep  , Babu P D , Basheed G A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We report the structural and magnetic properties of arc-melted Fe-doped Mn5Ge3 alloys. In this study, Mn5−x
Fe
x
Ge3 (x = 0.15, 0.3, and 0.5) alloys were subjected to DC magnetic measurements in order to examine the nature of magnetic interaction via critical exponents study in the asymptotic critical region. The critical exponents β, γ and δ are obtained independently from different methods. For Mn4.85Fe0.15Ge3, β = 0.338, γ = 1.146 and δ = 4.39; for Mn4.7Fe0.3Ge3, β = 0.337, γ = 1.244 and δ = 4.69 and for Mn4.5Fe0.5Ge3, β = 0.328, γ = 1.195 and δ = 4.64. The values of critical exponents obtained are found to be close to the 3D Ising universality class (β = 0.325, γ = 1.241, and δ = 4.82). Analyses based on the Renormalization group theory predictions reveal that the spin interactions are short-range extended types beyond the nearest neighbors due to the presence of a different set of Mn–Mn interactions with an unequal magnitude of exchange strengths in the Mn5−x
Fe
x
Ge3 alloys.
Hyperfine structure constants of Sc I determined from fourier transform spectra
Authors: Kaleem Muhammad , Uddin Zaheer , Xu Yixin , Dai Zhenwen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fourier Transform Spectra of Scandium were analyzed, and hyperfine structure constants of odd and even levels of the configurations 3d2(4p + 5p + 4s + 5s + 4d), 3d4s(4p + 5p + 5s + 6s + 4d + 5d), 3d3, 3d4p2, and 4s2(4p + 4d) are determined. The hyperfine structures (HFS) extracted from FT spectra were simulated and fitted to find the corresponding A-values. For 104 even levels and 95 odd levels, hf constants of Sc I were determined. The values of HFS constants were compared with published data, and a good agreement was found for most of them. The hf constants of 8 odd and 10 even levels were determined for the first time from experimental data. Seven HFS constants values have been modified.
Evolution of effective temperature, kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity in pp collision
Authors: Badshah Murad , Ajaz Muhammad , Waqas Muhammad , Younis Hannan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the study of strange hadrons (

K

S

0

,

Λ
,

Λ

̅

,

Ξ

+

,
Ξ

−

) at

s

=

0.2 TeV, recorded by STAR at RHIC, and at

s

=

0.9 TeV, 5.02 TeV and 7 TeV, recorded by CMS at LHC, in pp collision in the rapidity range from 0 to 2. The pT distributions of these strange particles have been processed using two statistical models, the Tsallis and the modified Hagedorn model. Both models fit the experimental data well. We extracted different freezeout parameters from the fit procedure using the abovementioned functions. We found that with increasing the collision energy, the effective temperature (T), in the case of the Tsallis model, and kinetic/thermal freeze-out temperature (T0) and transverse flow velocity (β
T), in the case of the modified Hagedorn model, increase because of greater energy transfer among the participants at higher colliding energies. Both T and T0 are observed to increase with the increase in the rest masses of the outgoing particles revealing the multi-freeze-out scenario. Furthermore, the multiplicity parameter (N0) decreases with the increase in the particle mass, confirming the mass differential freeze-out scenario. An inverse relationship between the non-extensivity parameter (q) and the masses of the produced particles has been noticed. Similarly, an inverse correlation between q and T has been found. For lighter particles, smaller T and greater q mean that they decouple from the system later and attain equilibrium slowly compared to heavier ones. In addition, a positive correlation between β
T and T0 is noticed, which agrees with the literature.
Adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations in extended theories with kinetic couplings
Authors: De Angelis Mariaveronica , van de Bruck Carsten 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe scalar field sector in low-energy effective field theories motivated by string theory often contains several scalar fields, some of which possess non-standard kinetic terms. In this paper we study theories with two scalar fields, in which one of the fields has a non-canonical kinetic term. The kinetic coupling is allowed to depend on both fields, going beyond the work in the literature, which usually considers the case of the coupling to depend on the other field only. Our aim is to study adiabatic and isocurvature perturbations in these extended theories. Our results show that the evolution equation for the curvature perturbation does not change when allowing the coupling to depend on both fields, while the effective mass of the entropy perturbation changes. We find expressions for the spectral index and its running at horizon crossing and at the end of inflation. We apply the formalism and study three phenomenological models, with different kinetic couplings.
Application of Modal Analysis of Earthquake Force and Natural Frequency Tanjung Baru Bridge
Authors: Mardhiyah A , Tarigan J , Bangun E P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The dynamic response of a structural system can be described by modal analysis. In the present study, the modal analysis that adopts an Undamped Degree of Freedom (Undamped-DOF) System is implemented to describe the modal descriptors such as the natural frequency and mode shape of a bridge. Furthermore, the earthquake load acting on the bridge is also evaluated and hence the possibility of a resonance associated with this load is investigated. For this objective, the earthquake data collected during the past ten years in Indonesia is explored. This study considers the Tanjung Baru Bridge, a prestressed concrete bridge situated on the Medan-Kualanamu-Tebing Tinggi highway, as the case study. The modal analysis and the evaluation of the earthquake load confirm that the possibility of resonance for the Tanjung Baru Bridge is extremely low. The study also proves that this bridge has a sufficient capacity to withstand earthquake loads.
The influence of reverse loading sequence on the behaviour of beam-column joints
Authors: Purwanto  , Han AyLie , Hadikusomo B H W 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The formation of plastic joints in the reinforced beam-to-column joint is influenced by a number of factors. The behaviour and location of this joint is of major importance since it defines the overall performance of the rigid framework when subjected to loading. Mandated by the majority of codes and standards, the strong-column weak-beam philosophy is used and recognized by the formation of this joint in the beam. This study looked into the effect of reverse loading to the behaviour of plastic joints as compared to a monotonic loading protocol. The study analysed the load-deformation behaviour and ultimate load carrying capacity while additional information is collected through visual observation on the failure and cracking pattern. The study concluded that the reverse loading negatively influenced the load carrying capacity, but negligibly affected the overall behaviour of the joint.
A Study of Liquefaction Potential on Retaining Wall and Embankment in Parangtritis Village
Authors: Galag C T S A , Faris F , Adi A D 
Published: October 2023

AbstractParangtritis Village located in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Previous studies showed that the Opak Active Fault line passes right through the east side of the construction. This study aims to examine the potential for liquefaction in the retaining wall and embankment structures in Parangtritis Village in the event of an earthquake in the area. The subsurface evaluation was based on N-SPT drilling data as well as soil data at 4 drill point. The bedrock acceleration value was determined based on SNI 2833:2016. To obtain a more specific bedrock peak acceleration value, the Indonesian Spectra Design seismic data was used by the Directorate General of Highway, Ministry of Public Works and Housing, where the PGA bedrock acceleration value is 0.558 g. The stages of liquefaction potential analysis are divided into three stages, Cyclic Stress Ratio, Cyclic Resistance Ratio, Factor of Safety. Liquefaction Potential Index analysis as a determinant of potential damage. Data processing results at four drill points indicate that the soil layer at several depths has liquefaction potential with a safety factor value of <1. The results of these calculations show that the LPI value is in the LPI vulnerable > 15, indicating a high liquefaction potential.
Analysis of liquefaction potential in the Malalayang beach area, North Sulawesi
Authors: Prayogo J , Faris F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
North Sulawesi Province was locating in a tectonically active area, affected by subduction of the Sulawesi Sea plate, Sangihe, and Halmahera. These plates are still active to provide an earthquake threat. Several large earthquakes that came from various plates around Manado City have been recorded. A large earthquake that shakes sandy soil can produce liquefaction events. The Malalayang beach area, located in the West of Manado City a part of Malalayang Beach Area Arrangement Work Package and the Bunaken Village Ecotourism Arrangement, was chosen as the research object to analyse the possibility of liquefaction. The research begin with collect boring testing data, lab test data, and earthquake data such as the moment of magnitude and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA). This study also uses various methods or attenuation equations to determine the peak ground acceleration from the history of earthquakes obtained from multiple sources. Based on the data obtained from the field and laboratory tests, data processing is carried out to determine the liquefaction potential. From the results of the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) calculation, it was found that the Malalayang Beach Area has the potential for the occurrence of the liquefaction phenomenon.
Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction Through 2-D Site-Specific Response Analysis
Authors: Sengara W , Sargawi R , Komerdevi D , Sulaiman A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seismic response of structures involved soil-structure-interaction (SSI) that need to consider both inertial and kinematic interaction. Many underground SSI has been developed such as modelling the structures and soils as continuum with seismic load simplified as pseudo-static or static equivalent. More recent and more realistic SSI model consider non-linear time-history analysis in the form of 2-D site-specific response analysis (SSRA), in which both inertial and kinematic interaction in combination with non-linear soil model, as well as time-history ground-motions are simulated. This paper presents simplified pseudo-static soil-structure interaction finite-element (FE) response of underground box-station structure under prescribed maximum strain displacement as resulted from 1-D site-specific response analysis under various ground-motions characteristics of subduction and shallow crustal earthquakes. More complex model of SSI system of basement is also presented. This basement SSI model incorporates non-linear time-history analysis with dynamic soil properties considered through 2-D SSRA simulating seismic wave propagation from reference base-rock to ground surface. Various base-rock seismic ground-motions are simulated from results of de-aggregation analysis from probabilistic seismic hazard analysis considering both subduction and shallow crustal earthquakes scaled at various ground-motion periods. The analysis adopts dynamic soil model with non-linear modulus and damping using FLAC computer program.
From Newton to universal Planck natural units – disentangling the constants of nature
Authors: Wutke Andrew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study exploits a historical gap in the evolution of metric systems that resulted from the incomplete implementation of the ‘rationalization’ concept published by Heaviside in 1893 and by ignoring the suggestion of Maxwell in 1873 to use the simplest form of Newton’s gravitational law expression with no proportionality constant. Bridging this gap required deriving an experimental Rationalized Metric System (RMS) and a corresponding Universal Planck Natural Unit System (UPNUS) in [ LT ] units. The described solution combines Heaviside’s rationalization of Newton’s law and makes the unit of mass dimensions [ L3T−2 ], as suggested by Maxwell. Consequently, the modified Coulomb’s law, changes the unit of electric charge to the same dimensions as those of mass. The elimination of the kilogram and ampere has a disentangling effect on the dependencies among the constants of nature and opens new horizons. New systems have the potential to become powerful exploratory tools in fundamental research and education because of the simplification of the relationships among physical quantities. Some highlights from the analyzed examples are worth mentioning. The well-known expression for the Stoney mass (m

S
) when converted to RMS units is reduced to the electron charge quantity, whereas traditional metric systems entangle the charge, speed of light, and gravitational constant, forming an entity in the dimension of mass, as first presented by Stoney in 1874. Furthermore, a well-substantiated conjecture is proposed, wherein the Stoney energy E

S
= m

S

c

2
is likely the long-sought, finite electric field energy of the electron, and the gravitational constant appears to be the limiting factor. In UPNUS, the most disentangled fundamental expression, apart from the Stoney mass, is the elementary charge

e

̌

as the function of the fine structure constant
α
and the Planck mass

m

̌

P

,

namely

e
ˇ

=

m
ˇ

P

α

≈
1.073476469
,

with

e

̌

and

m

̌

P

of the same [ L3T−2 ] dimensions in Planck units, where

m

̌

P

=
4
π
.
Late diagnosis of Kawasaki disease with major cardiovascular complications: a case report
Authors: Uzdavinyte Gateliene Egle , Cesnaite Guste , Sadauskiene Egle , Barysiene Jurate 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis syndrome, mostly targeting children under 5 years old. If untreated, coronary artery abnormalities develop to approximately one out of four patients who suffered from KD. As KD might be easily missed in childhood, managing cardiovascular complications might become a real challenge at an advanced age.

Case summary
A 25-year-old woman was presented to a skying resort hospital with discomfort in chest, shortness of breath, cold sweat, and dizziness after skiing. Based on increased troponin level and ECG findings, the specialists diagnosed myocarditis and initiated treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. After the symptoms recurred in half a year, there was a need for further clarification of the diagnosis of myocarditis. The patient received a comprehensive cardiac imaging evaluation at Vilnius University Santaros Clinic to differentiate the cause of the recurrent chest pains. Coronary artery computed tomography revealed presence of aneurysm with wall calcification in left anterior descending artery S6—10 mm in diameter and aneurysm of circumflex artery S11—7 mm in diameter as well as occlusion of calcified right coronary artery. After taking a detailed medical history, a presumption about a former case of KD has been made.

Discussion
Coronary artery aneurysm is a cardiovascular sequelae of KD if it is left untreated. Due to atypical presentation, it might be overlooked, while the key of successful KD management is an early diagnosis and therapy.
Does intergenerational educational mobility vary by sexual identity? A comparative analysis of five OECD countries
Authors: Boertien Diederik , Perales Francisco , Pessin Léa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLesbian, gay and bisexual people are disadvantaged in terms of health and socio-economic status compared with heterosexual people, yet findings pertaining to educational outcomes vary depending on the specific identity and gender considered. This study delves into these unexplained findings by applying a social-stratification lens, thereby providing an account of how intergenerational educational mobility varies by sexual identity. To accomplish this, we use representative data from five OECD countries and a regression-based empirical specification relying on coarsened exact matching. We find that gay and lesbian people have higher educational attainment than heterosexual people in all five countries and that these higher levels of education stem from greater rates of upward educational mobility among gay/lesbian people. There were, however, few differences between heterosexual and bisexual people. Variation across countries emerged when analyses were stratified by gender, with higher rates of upward mobility observed for gay men in Australia, Chile, the United Kingdom, and the United States and lesbian women in Australia and Germany. Overall, our results align with previous claims that education can be a strategy for gay/lesbian people to avoid actual or anticipated discrimination. However, variation in these patterns across groups suggests that other mechanisms may also be at play.
Deep learned representations of the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram to predict at peak exercise
Authors: Khurshid Shaan , Churchill Timothy W , Diamant Nathaniel , Di Achille Paolo , Reeder Christopher , Singh Pulkit , Friedman Samuel F , Wasfy Meagan M , Alba George A , Maron Bradley A , Systrom David M , Wertheim Bradley M , Ellinor Patrick T , Ho Jennifer E , Baggish Aaron L , Batra Puneet , Lubitz Steven A , Guseh J Sawalla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims
To leverage deep learning on the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) to estimate peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) without cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Methods and results
V ˙ O 2 peak estimation models were developed in 1891 individuals undergoing CPET at Massachusetts General Hospital (age 45 ± 19 years, 38% female) and validated in a separate test set (MGH Test, n = 448) and external sample (BWH Test, n = 1076). Three penalized linear models were compared: (i) age, sex, and body mass index (‘Basic’), (ii) Basic plus standard ECG measurements (‘Basic + ECG Parameters’), and (iii) basic plus 320 deep learning-derived ECG variables instead of ECG measurements (‘Deep ECG-V˙O2’). Associations between estimated V˙O2peak and incident disease were assessed using proportional hazards models within 84 718 primary care patients without CPET. Inference ECGs preceded CPET by 7 days (median, interquartile range 27–0 days). Among models, Deep ECG-V˙O2 was most accurate in MGH Test [r = 0.845, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.817–0.870; mean absolute error (MAE) 5.84, 95% CI 5.39–6.29] and BWH Test (r = 0.552, 95% CI 0.509–0.592, MAE 6.49, 95% CI 6.21–6.67). Deep ECG-V˙O2 also outperformed the Wasserman, Jones, and FRIEND reference equations (P &lt; 0.01 for comparisons of correlation). Performance was higher in BWH Test when individuals with heart failure (HF) were excluded (r = 0.628, 95% CI 0.567–0.682; MAE 5.97, 95% CI 5.57–6.37). Deep ECG-V˙O2 estimated V˙O2peak &lt;14 mL/kg/min was associated with increased risks of incident atrial fibrillation [hazard ratio 1.36 (95% CI 1.21–1.54)], myocardial infarction [1.21 (1.02–1.45)], HF [1.67 (1.49–1.88)], and death [1.84 (1.68–2.03)].

Conclusion
Deep learning-enabled analysis of the resting 12-lead ECG can estimate exercise capacity (V˙O2peak) at scale to enable efficient cardiovascular risk stratification.