bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging the extant and fossil record of planktonic foraminifera: implications for the Globigerina lineage
Authors: Fabbrini Alessio , Greco Mattia , Iacoviello Francesco , Kucera Michal , Ezard Thomas H.G. , Wade Bridget S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe conducted a morphometric study and wall texture analysis on extant and fossil specimens of the planktonic foraminifera Globigerina falconensis plexus. Our global data reveal morphological inconsistencies between fossil and extant populations. Our results are significant as G. falconensis is widely used in palaeoceanographic studies in conjunction with its sister taxon G. bulloides. Morphologically these two species are similar, with the main difference being the distinctive apertural lip present in G. falconensis. We selected cores covering the entire stratigraphic range of G. falconensis, from the early Miocene to current day, spanning sites from high latitudes in the North Atlantic Ocean and the southern Indian Ocean to sites in equatorial regions. The morphology found in the modern ocean is not consistent with the Miocene holotype of Globigerina falconensis Blow described from lower Miocene sediments in Venezuela. A more lobate morphology evolved in the late Miocene, thus, a new name is required for this morphotype, coexisting in the modern oceans with G. falconensis s.s. We thus describe the new morphospecies, G. neofalconensis for the more lobate forms which evolved in the late Miocene and inhabit the modern oceans. Additionally, we report a pseudocancellate wall texture present in the G. falconensis plexus. We use the molecular sequences from the PR2 database to explore the generic attribution of the G. falconensis lineage, confirming its close relationship with G. bulloides and its retention in the genus Globigerina.
The TaSOC1‐TaVRN1 module integrates photoperiod and vernalization signals to regulate wheat flowering
Authors: Luo Xumei , Liu Bingyan , Xie Li , Wang Ke , Xu Dengan , Tian Xiuling , Xie Lina , Li Lingli , Ye Xingguo , He Zhonghu , Xia Xianchun , Yan Liuling , Cao Shuanghe 
Published: November 2023

SummaryWheat needs different durations of vernalization, which accelerates flowering by exposure to cold temperature, to ensure reproductive development at the optimum time, as that is critical for adaptability and high yield. TaVRN1 is the central flowering regulator in the vernalization pathway and encodes a MADS‐box transcription factor (TF) that usually works by forming hetero‐ or homo‐dimers. We previously identified that TaVRN1 bound to an MADS‐box TF TaSOC1 whose orthologues are flowering activators in other plants. The specific function of TaSOC1 and the biological implication of its interaction with TaVRN1 remained unknown. Here, we demonstrated that TaSOC1 was a flowering repressor in the vernalization and photoperiod pathways by overexpression and knockout assays. We confirmed the physical interaction between TaSOC1 and TaVRN1 in wheat protoplasts and in planta, and further validated their genetic interplay. A Flowering Promoting Factor 1‐like gene TaFPF1‐2B was identified as a common downstream target of TaSOC1 and TaVRN1 through transcriptome and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. TaSOC1 competed with TaVRT2, another MADS‐box flowering regulator, to bind to TaVRN1; their coding genes synergistically control TaFPF1‐2B expression and flowering initiation in response to photoperiod and low temperature. We identified major haplotypes of TaSOC1 and found that TaSOC1‐Hap1 conferred earlier flowering than TaSOC1‐Hap2 and had been subjected to positive selection in wheat breeding. We also revealed that wheat SOC1 family members were important domestication loci and expanded by tandem and segmental duplication events. These findings offer new insights into the regulatory mechanism underlying flowering control along with useful genetic resources for wheat improvement.
Should children receive a kidney transplant before 2 years of age?
Authors: Kizilbash Sarah J. , Evans Michael D. , Vock David M. , Chinnakotla Srinath , Chavers Blanche M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal age of kidney transplantation for infants and toddlers with kidney failure is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the patient survival associated with kidney transplantation before 2 years of age versus remaining on the waitlist until ≥2 years.MethodWe used the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients to identify all children added to the deceased‐donor waitlist before 2 years of age between 1/1/2000 and 4/30/2020. For each case aged <2 years at transplant, we created a control group comprising all candidates on the waitlist on the case's transplant date. Patient survival was evaluated using sequential Cox regression. Dialysis‐free time was defined as graft survival time for cases and the sum of dialysis‐free time on the waitlist and graft survival time for controls.ResultsWe observed similar patient survival for posttransplant periods 0–3 and 4–12 months but higher survival for period >12 months for <2‐year decreased‐donor recipients (aHR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.13–0.78; p = .01) compared with controls. Similarly, patient survival was higher for <2‐year living‐donor recipients for posttransplant period >12 months (aHR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06–0.73; p = .01). The 5‐year dialysis‐free survival was higher for <2‐year deceased‐ (difference: 0.59 years; 95% CI: 0.23–0.93) and living‐donor (difference: 1.84 years; 95% CI: 1.31–2.25) recipients.ConclusionKidney transplantation in children <2 years of age is associated with improved patient survival and reduced dialysis exposure compared with remaining on the waitlist until ≥2 years.
Making partners in the city: impact of urban soil P enrichment on the partnership between an invasive herb and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a tropical city
Authors: Méndez D. S. , Ramos‐Zapata J. , Estrada‐Medina H. , Carmona D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The mutualistic relationship between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is essential for optimal plant nutrition, enabling plants to better withstand biotic and abiotic stressors and enhancing survival, reproduction, and colonization of new environments. Activities, such as soil enrichment or compaction, may decrease the benefits of AM fungi for plants, potentially reducing interactions in urban environments. Here, we examine this prediction by studying how urbanization alters AM interactions with the invasive herb Ruellia nudiflora (Acanthaceae).

We collected soil and plants from deep urban sites (DUS; e.g., sidewalks), open urban sites (OUS; parks), and rural sites (RS) to analyse soil nutrient content, plant morphology, AM colonization rates, spore density, richness, and diversity.

Contrary to predicted, DUS had the lowest soil nutrient concentration, except for phosphorus, reducing AM colonization. This supports the prediction of reduced AM interactions in urban environments. We also found that potassium affects the AM association. Urban plants had smaller and more compact root systems compared to their rural counterparts, but there were no discernible differences in AM fungi communities between urban and rural environments.

Phosphorus enrichment in sidewalks is the main driver of reductionof R. nudiflora‐AM fungi interactions in Mérida. More studies are needed to gain a better understanding of how AM fungi contribute to plant colonization in urban environments.
Empirical research on polycentric governance: Critical gaps and a framework for studying long‐term change
Authors: Baldwin Elizabeth , Thiel Andreas , McGinnis Michael , Kellner Elke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolycentric governance (PG) describes governance systems characterized by multiple, interdependent centers of decision‐making, offering an alternative to centralized governance models. PG is often assumed to be effective at helping policy actors address complex collective action problems, but burgeoning empirical literature on PG shows that it is not a panacea – PG is associated with both positive and negative governance outcomes. In this article, we ask: what do we know about why PG performs well in some cases but not in others? We start with a systematic review, synthesizing findings that provide empirical support for positive and negative features that are theorized to accompany PG. Our review reveals a critical gap in relation to our understanding of PG: the existing empirical literature largely fails to address change and evolution over time in PG systems, undermining our understanding of why PG works – or does not– across different contexts and over time. To fill this gap, we propose a “Context – Operations – Outcomes – Feedbacks” (COOF) framework that draws explicit attention to the interplay between context, operational arrangements, outcomes and identifies feedback pathways and adjustment mechanisms that drive dynamic change and evolution over time.
Medication‐invariant resting aperiodic and periodic neural activity in Parkinson's disease
Authors: McKeown Daniel J. , Jones Manon , Pihl Camilla , Finley Anna J. , Kelley Nicholas , Baumann Oliver , Schinazi Victor R. , Moustafa Ahmed A. , Cavanagh James F. , Angus Douglas J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with greater total power in canonical frequency bands (i.e., alpha, beta) of the resting electroencephalogram (EEG). However, PD has also been associated with a reduction in the proportion of total power across all frequency bands. This discrepancy may be explained by aperiodic activity (exponent and offset) present across all frequency bands. Here, we examined differences in the eyes‐open (EO) and eyes‐closed (EC) resting EEG of PD participants (N = 26) on and off medication, and age‐matched healthy controls (CTL; N = 26). We extracted power from canonical frequency bands using traditional methods (total alpha and beta power) and extracted separate parameters for periodic (parameterized alpha and beta power) and aperiodic activity (exponent and offset). Cluster‐based permutation tests over spatial and frequency dimensions indicated that total alpha and beta power, and aperiodic exponent and offset were greater in PD participants, independent of medication status. After removing the exponent and offset, greater alpha power in PD (vs. CTL) was only present in EO recordings and no reliable differences in beta power were observed. Differences between PD and CTL in the resting EEG are likely driven by aperiodic activity, suggestive of greater relative inhibitory neural activity and greater neuronal spiking. Our findings suggest that resting EEG activity in PD is characterized by medication‐invariant differences in aperiodic activity which is independent of the increase in alpha power with EO. This highlights the importance of considering aperiodic activity contributions to the neural correlates of brain disorders.
A COVID‐19 cluster analysis in an office: Assessing the long‐range aerosol and fomite transmissions with infection control measures
Authors: Mizukoshi Atsushi , Okumura Jiro , Azuma Kenichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSimulated exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the environment was demonstrated based on the actual coronavirus disease 2019 cluster occurrence in an office, with a projected risk considering the likely transmission pathways via aerosols and fomites. A total of 35/85 occupants were infected, with the attack rate in the first stage as 0.30. It was inferred that the aerosol transmission at long‐range produced the cluster at virus concentration in the saliva of the infected cases on the basis of the simulation, more than 108 PFU mL−1. Additionally, all wearing masks effectiveness was estimated to be 61%–81% and 88%–95% reduction in risk for long‐range aerosol transmission in the normal and fit state of the masks, respectively, and a 99.8% or above decline in risk of fomite transmission. The ventilation effectiveness for long‐range aerosol transmission was also calculated to be 12%–29% and 36%–66% reductions with increases from one air change per hour (ACH) to two ACH and six ACH, respectively. Furthermore, the virus concentration reduction in the saliva to 1/3 corresponded to the risk reduction for long‐range aerosol transmission by 60%–64% and 40%–51% with and without masks, respectively.
Why inconsistent intentional states underlie our grasp of objects
Authors: Golan Rea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeveral authors maintain that we are capable of having inconsistent intentional states, either in cases of illusion, in certain cases of imagination, or because the observable world is (partly) inconsistent and we perceive it as such. These views are all premised on the assumption that inconsistent intentional states—even if acknowledged—are peculiar and have nothing essential to do with our perceptual capacities. In the present article, I would like to present, and argue for, a much stronger thesis: that inconsistent intentional states underlie the possibility of having intentional content in mind. I argue for this thesis based on a Husserlian phenomenological analysis of our grasp of objects, which I formulate in terms of incompatibility semantics.
A multidimensional examination of children's endorsement of gender stereotypes
Authors: Miller Cindy Faith , Wheeler Lorey A. , Woods Bobbi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present research applied a multidimensional framework to the study of gender stereotypes by investigating whether elementary school children display different levels of endorsement when considering distinct gender stereotype constructs (ability, category, and interest) and feminine versus masculine stereotypes. Study 1 (N = 403) compared children's ability and category beliefs using a set of gender‐neutral skill items. Study 2 (N = 539) extended this research by examining whether children showed different patterns of ability and category decisions for feminine versus masculine occupational items. Study 3 (N = 974) furthered our understanding of the construct dimension by comparing children's interest and ability decisions within the STEM domain. Findings revealed that older elementary school children endorsed ability stereotypes more strongly than category stereotypes and, across all age groups, children endorsed interest stereotypes more strongly than ability stereotypes. Findings also revealed age differences in how children think about masculine versus feminine stereotypes. For masculine stereotypes, younger children showed stronger endorsement than older children; however, for feminine stereotypes, the reverse pattern was found such that older children showed more stereotyped thinking than younger children. The present study illustrates the benefits of employing a multidimensional framework to gain a more nuanced understanding of how children apply their increasing knowledge of gender stereotypes.
Caring peripheries: How care practitioners respond to processes of peripheralisation
Authors: van Pijkeren Nienke , Wallenburg Iris , van de Bovenkamp Hester , Wiig Siri , Bal Roland 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe centralisation of acute health care is a key policy concern in many countries. Less attention has been given to the side effects of centralisation: peripheralisation, occurring mainly in rural areas and post‐industrial towns. In this research, we start filling this gap by exploring how this trend of concentration of health care can contribute to a phenomenon referred to as ‘discursive peripheralisation’. This article contributes to the literature on discursive peripheralisation by focusing on how actors, in our case acute care practitioners, cope with or oppose such processes. We draw on empirical data from two healthcare regions in different geographical contexts in Norway and The Netherlands. In these regions, we zoom in on the work of care practitioners and how they, in relation to care organisations and local authorities, aim to organise care for patients in ‘the periphery’ and how this contributes to more diverse and alternative narratives and practices of health care in these areas. Our findings offer important insights for both rural and regional policy. We conclude that other narratives, for instance, about perceptions of quality of care should be considered to avoid too much emphasis on the disadvantages faced by peripheral areas, compared to their urban counterparts.
A global LC–MS2‐based methodology to identify and quantify anionic phospholipids in plant samples
Authors: Genva Manon , Fougère Louise , Bahammou Delphine , Mongrand Sébastien , Boutté Yohann , Fouillen Laetitia 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYAnionic phospholipids (PS, PA, PI, PIPs) are low‐abundant phospholipids with impactful functions in cell signaling, membrane trafficking and cell differentiation processes. They can be quickly metabolized and can transiently accumulate at defined spots within the cell or an organ to respond to physiological or environmental stimuli. As even a small change in their composition profile will produce a significant effect on biological processes, it is crucial to develop a sensitive and optimized analytical method to accurately detect and quantify them. While thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) separation coupled with gas chromatography (GC) detection methods already exist, they do not allow for precise, sensitive, and accurate quantification of all anionic phospholipid species. Here we developed a method based on high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with two‐dimensional mass spectrometry (MS2) by MRM mode to detect and quantify all molecular species and classes of anionic phospholipids in one shot. This method is based on a derivatization step by methylation that greatly enhances the ionization, the separation of each peak, the peak resolution as well as the limit of detection and quantification for each individual molecular species, and more particularly for PA and PS. Our method universally works in various plant samples. Remarkably, we identified that PS is enriched with very long chain fatty acids in the roots but not in aerial organs of Arabidopsis thaliana. Our work thus paves the way for new studies on how the composition of anionic lipids is finely tuned during plant development and environmental responses.
Triacylglycerol lipase, OsSG34, plays an important role in grain shape and appearance quality in rice
Authors: Jin Xiaoli , Chen Jian , Khan Asadullah , Chen Ziyan , Gao Rui , Lu Yingying , Zheng Xi 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYOptimal grain‐appearance quality is largely determined by grain size. To date, dozens of grain size‐related genes have been identified. However, the regulatory mechanism of slender grain formation is not fully clear. We identified the OsSG34 gene by map‐based cloning. A 9‐bp deletion on 5’‐untranslated region of OsSG34, which resulted in the expression difference between the wild‐type and sg34 mutant, led to the slender grains and good transparency in sg34 mutant. OsSG34 as an α/β fold triacylglycerol lipase affected the triglyceride content directly, and the components of cell wall indirectly, especially the lignin between the inner and outer lemmas in rice grains, which could affect the change in grain size by altering cell proliferation and expansion, while the change in starch content and starch granule arrangement in endosperm could affect the grain‐appearance quality. Moreover, the OsERF71 was identified to directly bind to cis‐element on the mutant site, thereby regulating the OsSG34 expression. Knockout of three OsSG34 homologous genes resulted in slender grains as well. The study demonstrated OsSG34, involved in lipid metabolism, affected grain size and quality. Our findings suggest that the OsSG34 gene could be used in rice breeding for high yield and good grain‐appearance quality via marker‐assisted selection and gene‐editing approaches.
Impact of palliative‐intent radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy on lameness in flat coat retrievers with localised periarticular histiocytic sarcoma – a retrospective cohort, single institution study
Authors: Odatzoglou Petros , Kearns Thomas , Pittaway Charlie , Dobson Jane M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHistiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a common tumour in flat coat retrievers (FCRs) often affecting periarticular tissues and joints. Palliative‐intent radiotherapy, seeks to achieve local tumour control, pain relief and improve limb function. However, the effect of palliative‐intent radiotherapy on analgesic levels of dogs with localised HS has not been studied. We hypothesised that palliative‐intent radiotherapy could improve lameness in dogs affected by localised HS. This study aimed to assess the impact of palliative‐intent radiotherapy on lameness of FCRs with localised HS. A retrospective cohort single institution study was performed. Medical records of FCR dogs with HS that received external beam radiotherapy between 2003 and 2022 were reviewed and included demographic, staging, severity of baseline lameness, therapeutic management and outcome data. Descriptive statistics, McNemar's chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test and Kaplan–Meier analysis were used for statistical analysis. Thirty‐nine dogs were included with a median age of 7.2 years, 25 were male and 14 were female. HS was most commonly located in the forelimb (29 dogs, 74.3%), affecting the shoulder joint (19 dogs, 48.7%). Staging was performed in all 39 dogs with 22 (56.4%) dogs having localised HS, six (15.3%) dogs had localised HS with node metastasis and 11 (28.2%) dogs had localised HS with systemic metastasis. All dogs received palliative‐intent hypo‐fractionated radiation therapy, 32 (82%) dogs showed improvement in lameness. In conclusion, palliative intent radiation treatment has an analgesic effect reducing lameness or clinical signs associated with affected tumour‐bearing joints.
Fast Optimal Design of Shell-Graded-Infill Structures With Explicit Boundary by a Hybrid MMC-AABH Plus Approach
Authors: Bi Yikang , Li Shaoshuai , Zhu Yichao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, a hybrid MMC-AABH plus approach is developed for the fast optimal design of shell-graded-infill structures. The key idea is to use a proper description about the graded microstructural infill and the coating shell. To this end, a set of moving morphable components is adopted to represent the boundary of the coating shell, while the graded-infill is embodied by spatially varying orthotropic porous configurations. Under such a treatment, with a small number of design variables, both the boundary of the coating shell and the graded microstructure infill can be optimized simultaneously. Other attractive features of the present study are summarized as follows. First, the smooth variation across the microstructural infill can be automatically satisfied based on the proposed approach compared with other similar methods. Second, with the use of the extreme value principle of Laplace equation, the minimum feature size can be explicitly controlled during the optimization. Finally, compared with other methods in the frontier, the approach proposed in the present study enjoys a considerable reduction in the computation cost and can obtain a near-optimal design of the coating structures. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is further demonstrated with numerical examples.