bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrine: A Promising Treatment for Ulcerative Colitis by Targeting the HMGB1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway
Authors: Sun Kexin , Lin Weiye , Hong Qianran , Chen Shuangyu , Li Jiayang , Qiu Shengliang 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Previous studies have found that matrine (MAT) effectively treated
Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The purpose of this study is to explore its mechanism based on the
HMGB1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.

Methods:
MAT was administered intragastrically to DSS-induced UC mice for 14 days. The
Disease Activity Index (DAI) and histological staining were measured to detect histopathological
changes in colon. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum were measured by ELISA. The
protein and mRNA expression of HMGB1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 in the colon were detected by
immunohistochemistry, western Blotting or qRT-PCR.

Results:
MAT improved the histological pathological changes of UC mice, as assessed by DAI,
colonic length, and colonic mucosal injury. MAT also reduced colonic inflammatory damage by
reducing the serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α content and decreasing the expression of HMGB1,
NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β and proteins and mRNA in the colon.

Conclusion:
MAT could significantly alleviate DSS-induced UC symptoms by reducing the expressions
of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, the mechanism of
which is related to the inhibition of HMGB1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Novel Indenopyridazine-thiazole Molecular Hybrids
Authors: Al-Humaidi Jehan Y. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Nayl AbdElAziz A. , Aly Ashraf A. , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Zaki Magdi E. A. , Bräse Stefan , Haggam Reda A. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Previous studies have reported various biological activities of indeno-pyridazine and thiazole derivatives, including antiviral activity and CoV-19 inhibition. In this paper, the authors aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize a novel series of indenopyridazinethiazoles, starting with 2-(4-cyano-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-9H-indeno[2,1-c]pyridazin-9-ylidene)-hydrazine-1-car-bothioamide and available laboratory reagents.

Methods:
The strategy involved the synthesis of indeno[2,1-c]pyridazincarbothioamide, followed by its reaction with various hydrazonoyl chlorides and α-halocompounds (phenacyl bromides and α-chloroketones) to obtain the desired indenopyridazinethiazole derivatives. The synthesized structures were confirmed using IR, NMR, mass spectra, elemental analysis, and alternative synthesis when possible. Docking scores and poses of thirteen synthesized compounds were examined using Auto-Dock4.2.6 software against multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2, including 3C-like protease (3CLpro), helicase, receptor binding domain (RBD), papain-like protease (PLpro), neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).

Results:
Docking predictions revealed that compound 13d exhibited high potency against 3CLpro and helicase, with docking scores of -10.9 and -10.5 kcal/mol, respectively. Compound 10c showed su-perior docking scores against RBD and ACE2, with values of -8.7 and -11.8 kcal/mol, respectively. Compounds 10a, 13c, and 7b demonstrated excellent docking scores against RdRp, PLpro, and NRP-1, with values of -10.3, -10.4, and -8.6 kcal/mol, respectively.

Conclusion:
The authors recommend further experimental assessments of compounds 13d, 10c, 10a, 13c, and 7b against SARS-CoV-2 multi-targets, considering their promising docking scores.
Prevalence and Predictors of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Jadhao Pooja , Swain Jayshree , Das Srijit , Mangaraj Swayamsidha , Sravya Surapaneni Lakshmi 
Published: February 2024

Aim:
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of DPN in
newly diagnosed T2DM patients.

Background:
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is the most common and debilitating complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:
Newly diagnosed T2DM patients visiting the outpatient department were recruited.
Detailed demographic parameters, histories, physical examinations, and biochemical investigations were carried out. Patients were screened for DPN using the Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom
(DNS) score, the revised Disability Neuropathy Score (NDS), Vibration Perception Threshold
(VPT) using a biosthesiometer, and the 10g SW Monofilament Test (MFT).

Results:
A total of 350 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (mean age 46.4±13.6 years) were included. The prevalence of DPN was found to be 34% using the combined DNS and NDS scores.
VPT was moderately impaired in 18.3% and severely impaired in 12% patients, while MFT revealed a loss of protective sensation in 35.4% patients. After logistic regression analysis, DPN
was significantly associated with increasing age (OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.06-1.11), increasing
HbA1C levels (OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.05-1.42), increasing TSH levels (OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.05-1.44),
presence of hypertension (OR 2.78, 95%CI 1.51-5.11), and reduced BMI (OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.84-
0.99). The sensitivity and specificity of detecting DPN by combining VPT and MFT were
91.6% and 84.2%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of DPN was high even in newly diagnosed T2DM and associated
significantly with increasing age, HbA1C levels, TSH levels, hypertension, and reduced BMI.
Earlier screening for DPN, along with aggressive control of glycemia, blood pressure, and hypothyroidism, may be beneficial.
WSHNN: A Weakly Supervised Hybrid Neural Network for the Identification
of DNA-Protein Binding Sites
Authors: Bao Wenzheng , Chen Baitong , Zhang Yue 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Transcription factors are vital biological components that control gene
expression, and their primary biological function is to recognize DNA sequences. As related
research continues, it was found that the specificity of DNA-protein binding has a significant
role in gene expression, regulation, and especially gene therapy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have become increasingly popular for predicting DNa-protein-specific binding
sites, but their accuracy in prediction needs to be improved.

Methods:
We proposed a framework for combining multi-Instance Learning (MIL) and a hybrid
neural network named WSHNN. First, we utilized sliding windows to split the DNA sequences
into multiple overlapping instances, each instance containing multiple bags. Then, the instances
were encoded using a K-mer encoding. Afterward, the scores of all instances in the same bag
were calculated separately by a hybrid neural network.

Results:
Finally, a fully connected network was utilized as the final prediction for that bag. The
framework could achieve the performances of 90.73% in Pre, 82.77% in Recall, 87.17% in Acc,
0.8657 in F1-score, and 0.7462 in MCC, respectively. In addition, we discussed the performance of K-mer encoding. Compared with other art-of-the-state efforts, the model has better
performance with sequence information.

Conclusion:
From the experimental results, it can be concluded that Bi-directional Long-ShortTerm Memory (Bi-LSTM) can better capture the long-sequence relationships between DNA
sequences (the code and data can be visited at https://github.com/baowz12345/Weak_
Super_Network).
Neuroprotective Effects of Curcumin against Chronic Chlorpyrifos-
Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Brain Tissue
Authors: Farkhondeh Tahereh , Zardast Mahmoud , Rajabi Shahnaz , Abdollahi-Karizno Mahdi , Roshanravan Babak , Havangi Jalal , Aschner Michael , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Investigations have also focused on its neurotoxicity, which is
independent of AChE inhibition. Here, we evaluated the effect of CPF on oxidative indices in
the brain tissue and explored the protective effect of curcumin (Cur) against its toxicity.

Methods:
Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups, each consisting of eight rats (n =
8) per group. Animals were administrated by oral gavage for 90 days with the following treatments: control (C), CPF, CPF + CUR 25 mg/kg, CPF + CUR50, and CPF + cur 100 received olive oil, CPF, CPF plus 25 mg/kg of CUR, CPF plus 50 mg/kg of CUR, and CPF plus 100 mg/kg
of CUR, respectively. After anesthetization, animal brain tissues were obtained for assessment of
oxidative stress indices.

Results:
The concentration of MDA significantly increased in the brains of the CPF group as
compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Also, a significant decrease in MDA concentrations
was observed in the brains of rats in the CPF + Cur 100 group compared to the CPF group (p <
0.05). A significant decrease was noted in the GSH concentration in the brains of the CPF group
compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Treatment with Cur at 100 mg/kg exhibited a significant increase in GSH concentrations in the brains of the CPF-exposed group compared to the
CPF group without Cur administration (p < 0.05). The concentration of NO exhibited a significant increase in the brains of the CPF group when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Also, a significant decrease in NO concentration was observed in the brain tissue of the CPF + Cur
100 group compared to the CPF group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our data establish that chronic exposure to CPF induced oxidative stress in brain
tissue, which was reversed by CUR administration. Additional experimental and clinical investigations are needed to validate the efficacy of CUR as a potential antidote for CPF poisoning.
Evaluation of Bond Strength of Three Glass Fiber Post-systems Cemented to Large Root Canals
Authors: Pinto CFB , França FMG , Basting RT , Turssi CP , Amaral FLB 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength and the failure mode of single adjustable posts (SPLENDOR SAP), anatomical posts (AP), or computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) posts cemented to flared root canal dentin with self-adhesive dual-cure resin cement. Thirty single-rooted premolars received endodontic treatment with gutta-percha and a calcium hydroxide–based endodontic cement. After 24 hours, the canal spaces were enlarged with burs. The tooth specimens were divided equally into three groups (n=10), according to the glass fiber post (GFP) system: AP—prefabricated GFP (Reforpost #2, Angelus) was relined with composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE); SPLENDOR SAP—GFP was used with a glass fiber sleeve to adjust the adaptation (Splendor SAP, Angelus); and CAD-CAM—a resin pattern was obtained and scanned to produce a CAD-CAM GFP (Fiber CAD Lab, Angelus) milled using a subtractive technique. The three GFP systems were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Rely X U200, 3M ESPE). The roots were fixed to an acrylic resin plate used to section them into specimens of cervical, middle, and apical thirds. Then, the slices were attached to a universal testing machine to perform the push- out test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min and a load of 50 Kgf. The posttest specimens were examined under a stereoscopic microscope to evaluate the failure mode. The bond strength variable was analyzed using a generalized linear model, following a split-plot design. Failure mode analysis was performed using Fisher exact test. The significance level adopted was 5%. There was no significant difference among the GFP systems or among the thirds, in terms of bond strength (p&gt;0.05), nor was there any significant association between the systems and the failure mode (p&gt;0.05). Most specimens presented mixed or adhesive failure between resin cement and dentin. It was concluded that the bond strength to flared root dentin was not influenced by the GFP system or the root third.
Effect of Radiant Exposure on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of 10 Flowable and High-viscosity Bulk-fill Resin Composites
Authors: de Deus RA , Oliveira LRS , Braga SSL , Ribeiro MTH , Price RB , Núñez A , Loguercio AD , Soares CJ 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of the different radiant exposures from a multipeak light curing unit on the physical and mechanical properties of flowable and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBC).

Methods
Five flowable bulk-fill RBCs (Tetric N-Flow Bulk-fill, Ivoclar Vivadent; Filtek Bulk Fill Flow, 3M Oral Care; Opus Bulk Fill Flow APS, FGM; Admira Fusion x-base, Voco and; and SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable, Dentsply Sirona) and five high-viscosity bulk-fill RBCs (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-fill, Ivoclar Vivadent; Filtek One Bulk Fill, 3M Oral Care; Opus Bulk Fill APS, FGM; Admira Fusion x-tra, Voco; and SonicFill 2, Kerr) were photo-cured using a VALO Cordless light (Ultradent) for 10, 20, and 40 seconds at an irradiance of 1200, 800, or 400 mW/cm2, resulting in the delivery of 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, or 48 J/cm2. Post-gel shrinkage (Shr) was calculated using strain-gauge test. The degree of conversion (DC, %) was calculated using FTIR. Knoop hardness (KH, N/mm2) and elastic modulus (E, MPa) were measured at the top and bottom surfaces. Logarithmic regressions between the radiant exposures and mechanical properties were calculated. Radiodensity was calculated using digital radiographs. Data of Shr and radiodensity were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the DC, KH, and E data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA using split-plot repeated measurement tests followed by the Tukey test (a = 0.05).

Results
Delivering higher radiant exposures produced higher Shr values (p&lt;0.001) and higher DC values (R2=0.808-0.922; R2=0.648-0.914, p&lt;0.001), KH (R2=0.707-0.952; R2=0.738-0.919; p&lt;0.001), and E (R2=0.501-0.925; R2=0.823-0.919; p&lt;0.001) values for the flowable and high-viscosity RBCs respectively. Lower KH, E and Shr were observed for the flowable bulk-fill RBCs. All bulk-fill RBCs had a radiopacity level greater than the 4-mm thick aluminum step wedge. The radiant exposure did not affect the radiopacity.

Conclusion
The Shr, DC, KH, and E values were highly correlated to the radiant exposure delivered to the RBCs. The combination of the higher irradiance for longer exposure time that resulted in radiant exposure between 24 J/cm2 to 48 J/cm2 produced better results than delivering 400 mW/cm2 for 40 s (16 J/cm2), and 800 mW/cm2 for 20 seconds (16 J/cm2) or 1200 mW/cm2 for 10 seconds (12 J/cm2). All the bulk-fill RBCs were sufficiently radiopaque compared to 4 mm of aluminum.
Influence of Thickness on the Translucency Parameter and Whiteness Index of Single-Shade Resin Composites
Authors: Yağcı Ö , Fidan M 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of thickness on the translucency parameter (TP) and whiteness index for dentistry (WID) of single-shade resin composites compared with a multi-shade resin composite after thermocycling. A total of 100 resin composite samples of five brands (Filtek Z250, Omnichroma, Vittra APS Unique, Zenchroma, and Charisma Diamond One) with thicknesses of 2 mm and 4 mm were prepared (n=10). CIE L*a*b* coordinates were obtained using a spectrophotometer. The resin composite samples were subjected to 10,000 thermocycles. Before and after thermocycling, TP values were calculated with the CIEDE2000 formula, and whiteness values were calculated using the WID. The influence of thickness, resin composite, and aging on these variables was analyzed using the generalized linear model (p&lt;0.05). Omnichroma and Filtek Z250 exhibited, respectively, the highest and the lowest TP00 values compared with the other resin materials (p&lt;0.001). The TP00 values of Zenchroma and Diamond One were similar (p&gt;0.05). Vittra APS Unique had a lower TP than Zenchroma and Diamond One (p&lt;0.001). Before thermocycling, the highest WID showed the combination of Vittra APS Unique with thicknesses of 2 mm (48.33±1.18). After thermocycling, the highest WID was shown in the combination of Vittra APS Unique with thicknesses of 2 mm (45.33±0.55) and 4 mm (46.23±0.94) (p&lt;0.001). After thermocycling, the lowest WID was for the combination of Filtek Z250 with thicknesses 2 mm (21.16±0.93) and 4 mm (20.70±0.91) (p&lt;0.001). The TP and WID values of the resin composites varied across different composites and thicknesses. Single-shade resin composites of different thicknesses demonstrated higher translucency and whiteness values than multi-shade resin composite, both before and after thermocycling.
Comparing Various Resin Luting Cement Systems in Different Etching Modes Through Bond Durability and Morphological Features
Authors: Watanabe S , Takamizawa T , Hayashi K , Aoki R , Barkmeier WW , Latta MA , Watanabe H , Miyazaki M 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate bond performance of various resin luting cement (RLC) systems on enamel and dentin in different etching modes and to compare the RLC-tooth interface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Methods and Materials
The self-adhesive RLC systems used in combination with universal adhesives were as follows: Scotchbond Universal Adhesive Plus + RelyX Universal (3M Oral Care) and Clearfil Universal Bond Quick ER + SA Luting Multi (Kuraray Noritake Dental). These RLC systems were also used alone as self-adhesive RLC systems without universal adhesives (self-adhesive mode). The conventional RLC systems for comparison materials were as follows: BeautiBond Xtream + ResiCem EX (Shofu) and Tooth Primer + Panavia V5 (Kuraray Noritake Dental). Twelve specimens were prepared for each group to measure shear bond strength (SBS) in different etching modes. A stainless-steel rod was used as a substitute for indirect restorations. Bonded specimens were allocated to baseline (stored for 24 hours) and artificially aged (thermocycling [TC] for 10,000 cycles) groups. Representative treated tooth surfaces and RLC-tooth interfaces were observed using SEM.

Results
Three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that all the factors (etching mode, storage period, and RLC system) had a significant influence on the enamel SBS values (p&lt;0.05). Enamel SBS was significantly higher in etch-&-rinse (ER) mode than in self-etch (SE) mode, regardless of RLC system or storage period. Three-way ANOVA showed that all the factors had a significant influence on the dentin SBS values (p&lt;0.001). Most RLC systems showed significantly higher dentin SBS in SE mode than in ER mode, regardless of storage period. However, the combination with Scotchbond Universal Adhesive Plus and RelyX Universal showed no significant difference in SBS values between etching modes at the baseline and showed a significantly higher SBS value in ER mode than in SE mode after TC.

Conclusions
The self-adhesive RLC systems with universal adhesives tended to show higher enamel and dentin bond performance than the self-adhesive RLC systems alone. The morphology of treated tooth surfaces and resin cement-tooth interfaces were dependent on the RLC system and etching mode used. The RLC systems with primer application showed a thin, high-density layer above the intact dentin in both etching modes, suggesting chemical interaction.
Analisis Minat Pembelian Secara Online Ditinjau dari Online Customer Review, Online Customer Rating dan Kualitas Website (Studi pada Mahasiswa Pengguna shopee.co.id)
Authors: Bayu Tri Cahya  , Dwi Putri Restuti  , Aditya Ayu Safitri  , Andri Veno  
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of online customer reviews, online customer ratings, and website quality on intent to purchase again from Shopee. This type of research is field research using questionnaires. The research group is made up of all students from the 2017-2020 class of the Faculty of Islamic Economics, IAIN Kudus. The result of the sample based on the Slovin formula was 97 pupils. IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software was used for data analysis techniques used to measure variables in this study. The results of this study show that: Online customer reviews do not significantly influence the online purchase intentions of IAIN Kudus Islamic Economics students. Online customer ratings do not significantly influence the online purchase intentions of IAIN Kudus Islamic Economics students. Website quality has a significant impact on the online purchase intentions of IAIN Kudus Islamic Economics students..
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ulasan pelanggan online, peringkat pelanggan online, dan kualitas situs web terhadap niat untuk membeli lagi dari Shopee. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Rombongan penelitian terdiri dari seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 2017-2020 Fakultas Ekonomi Islam IAIN Kudus. Hasil sampel berdasarkan rumus Slovin adalah 97 siswa. Software IBM SPSS Statistics 25 digunakan untuk teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk mengukur variabel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Online customer review tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli online mahasiswa Ekonomi Islam IAIN Kudus. Peringkat pelanggan online tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli online mahasiswa Ekonomi Islam IAIN Kudus. Kualitas website berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli online mahasiswa IAIN Kudus Ekonomi Islam.
Minimize Oil Losses in Palm Oil Mill through Optimalization of Sludge Separator Performance
Authors: Fadhilah Nabillah Nissya , Safitri Lisma , Alfian Ulil Albab , Dharmawati Nuraeni Dwi , Renjani Rengga Arnalis 
Published: February 2024

One of the most important clarification station engine parts for reducing oil loss is the sludge separator. The sludge separator uses high-speed centrifugal force to capture any oil that is still adhered to the sludge. This study aims to improve the working performance of sludge separator to minimize oil losses through variations in feeding rate, oil under flow and temperature of flow rate. The experiment was conducted at one of the palm oil mills in Central Kalimantan, with a capacity of 45 ton/h. Variations in sludge separator feed rates: 23, 25 and 27 tons/hour. Oil underflow variations: 5%, 6%, and 7%. Feed temperature variations are: 90°C, 93°C, and 95°C. Feed temperature variations: 90°C, 93°C, and 95°C. Based on research that has been done, using bait rate of 23 ton/h, temperature 90 °C, and oil underflows 5%, resulting in oil losses of 0.54% – 0.61%. This study has managed to lower oil losses in the sludge separator by 0.11 % and shows the level of stability below the standard that has been determined. Keywords: Crude palm oil, Oil losses, Palm oil mill, Sludge separator, Underflow