bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCD1 inhibition enhances the effector functions of CD8+ T cells via ACAT1‐dependent reduction of esterified cholesterol
Authors: Sugi Toshihiro , Katoh Yuki , Ikeda Toshikatsu , Seta Daichi , Iwata Takashi , Nishio Hiroshi , Sugawara Masaki , Kato Daiki , Katoh Kanoko , Kawana Kei , Yaguchi Tomonori , Kawakami Yutaka , Hirai Shuichi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe previously reported that the inhibition of stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) enhances the antitumor function of CD8+ T cells indirectly via restoring production of DC recruiting chemokines by cancer cells and subsequent induction of antitumor CD8+ T cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of direct enhancing effects of SCD1 inhibitors on CD8+ T cells. In vitro treatment of CD8+ T cells with SCD1 inhibitors enhanced IFN‐γ production and cytotoxic activity of T cells along with decreased oleic acid and esterified cholesterol, which is generated by cholesterol esterase, acetyl‐CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), in CD8+ T cells. The addition of oleic acid or cholesteryl oleate reversed the enhanced functions of CD8+ T cells treated with SCD1 inhibitors. Systemic administration of SCD1 inhibitor to MCA205 tumor‐bearing mice enhanced IFN‐γ production of tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells, in which oleic acid and esterified cholesterol, but not cholesterol, were decreased. These results indicated that SCD1 suppressed effector functions of CD8+ T cells through the increased esterified cholesterol in an ACAT1‐dependent manner, and SCD1 inhibition enhanced T cell activity directly through decreased esterified cholesterol. Finally, SCD1 inhibitors or ACAT1 inhibitors synergistically enhanced the antitumor effects of anti‐PD‐1 antibody therapy or CAR‐T cell therapy in mouse tumor models. Therefore, the SCD1–ACAT1 axis is regulating effector functions of CD8+ T cells, and SCD1 inhibitors, and ACAT1 inhibitors are attractive drugs for cancer immunotherapy.
Short‐term photovoltaic power forecasting using hybrid contrastive learning and temporal convolutional network under future meteorological information absence
Authors: Lu Xiaoyang , Chen Yandang , Li Qibin , Yu Pingping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) power generation is widely utilized to satisfy the increasing energy demand due to its cleanness and inexhaustibility. Accurate PV power forecasting can improve the penetration of PV power in the grid. However, it is pretty challenging to predict PV power in short‐term under precious future meteorological information absence conditions. To address this problem, this study proposes the hybrid Contrastive Learning and Temporal Convolutional Network (CL‐TCN), and this forecasting approach consists of two parts, including model training and adaptive processes of forecasting models. In the model training stage, this forecasting method firstly trains 18 TCN models for 18 time points from 9:00 a.m. to 17:30 p.m. These TCN models are trained by only using historical PV power data samples, and each model is used to predict the next half‐hour power output. The adaptive process of models means that, in a practical forecasting stage, PV power samples from historical data are firstly evaluated and scored by a CL based data scoring mechanism to search for the most similar data samples to current measured samples. Then these similar samples are further applied to training a single above‐mentioned well‐trained TCN model to improve its performance in forecasting the next half‐hour PV power. The experimental results tested at the time resolution of 30 min demonstrate that the proposed approach has superior performance in forecasting accuracy not only in smooth PV power samples but also in fluctuating PV power samples. Moreover, the proposed CL based data scoring mechanism can filter useless data samples effectively accelerating the forecasting process.
Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect: How accurate is the fetal echocardiography, and do the major aortopulmonary collateral arteries matter?
Authors: Uygur Lütfiye , Demirci Oya , Yücel Ilker Kemal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of prenatal echocardiography in defining pulmonary vasculature in pulmonary atresia with VSD (PAVSD). The second aim is to compare the perinatal and postnatal outcomes of different pulmonary blood supply types.Study designThe cases prenatally diagnosed with PAVSD between 2017 and 2022 in a single tertiary fetal medicine center were identified on the electronic database. Fetal echocardiography reports and images were reviewed retrospectively. Postnatal outcomes were acquired from the hospital records of relevant pediatric cardiology and cardiovascular surgery clinics. Fetal echocardiography results were compared with postnatal results. Perinatal and postnatal outcomes were compared between the different pulmonary vascular supply types.ResultsAmong the 24 PAVSD cases, six were diagnosed with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) dependent, eleven were diagnosed with ductus arteriosus (DA) dependent pulmonary supply, and seven were diagnosed with double pulmonary supply (MAPCA + DA) on prenatal echocardiography. Seventeen cases were live‐born and have undergone postnatal investigations. Fetal echocardiography was 88.2% accurate about the type of pulmonary supply. The accuracy of fetal echocardiography regarding pulmonary vascular anatomy was 82.3%. Postoperative survival was 69.2%. Mortality before surgery and postoperative survival did not differ between pulmonary supply groups. Survival was impaired by the extracardiac anomalies. The need for early interventions was significantly higher in the DA group.ConclusionPulmonary vascularization in PAVSD can be defined precisely on fetal echocardiography. The source of pulmonary blood supply does not impact postnatal short‐term outcomes significantly but it impacts the management. The associated anomalies highly contribute to postnatal mortality.
Prognostic impact of abnormal sodium burden in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Zhen Zhe , Choy Manting , Dong Bin , Dong Yugang , Liang Weihao , Liu Chen , Xue Ruicong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSodium abnormality is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of abnormal sodium burden on long‐term mortality and hospitalization in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).MethodsWe analysed participants from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial with available baseline and follow‐up data (n = 1717). Abnormal sodium burden was defined as the proportion of days with abnormal sodium plasma levels (either <135 mmol/L or > 145 mmol/L). To determine the independent prognostic impact of abnormal sodium burden on the long‐term clinical adverse outcomes (The primary outcome was any cause death, the secondary outcomes include cardiovascular disease death, HF hospitalization, any cause hospitalization and the primary endpoint of the original study), a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model and time‐updated Cox regression model were performed.ResultsAbnormal sodium burden occurred in 717 patients (41.76%). A high abnormal sodium burden was associated with 1.47 (95% CI, 1.15–1.89) higher risk with any cause mortality, 1.51 (95% CI, 1.08–2.09) higher risk with CVD death and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.02–1.69) higher risk with HF hospitalization when compared with no burden group. When sodium level changes over time were accounted for in time‐updated models, abnormal sodium level was still associated with poor clinical outcomes. Diuretic and spironolactone usage did not show a statistical interaction effect on the prognostic significance.ConclusionsIn HFpEF patients, abnormal sodium burden was an independent predictor long‐term any‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization.
Interim analyses of the multinational real‐world prospective cohort HEM‐POWR study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of damoctocog alfa pegol in patients with hemophilia A
Authors: Reding Mark T. , Álvarez‐Román María Teresa , Castaman Giancarlo , Janbain Maissaa , Matsushita Tadashi , Meijer Karina , Schmidt Kathrin , Oldenburg Johannes 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess effectiveness and safety of damoctocog alfa pegol in interim analyses of the ongoing real‐world hemophilia A HEM‐POWR study.MethodsHEM‐POWR (NCT03932201) is a multinational Phase 4 prospective observational study. The primary objective was annualized bleeding rate (ABR) in previously treated patients (PTPs) with hemophilia A. Secondary objectives included adverse events and number of affected joints.ResultsAt data cut‐off (August 17, 2022), the safety analysis set included 268 patients and the full analysis set (FAS) included 161 patients. The most common dosing regimen during observation period was prophylaxis (FAS = 158/161, 98.1%) every 3–4 days (twice weekly; FAS = 78/158, 49.4%) and a median (min, max) infusion dose of 37.5 (10, 72) IU/kg. PTPs receiving prophylactic damoctocog alfa pegol have fewer infusions compared with prior treatment. Median total ABR (Q1, Q3) was 0.0 (0.0, 1.8) and mean total ABR (SD) was 2.4 (8.2). The proportion of patients with no affected joints increased between initial visit and follow‐up. No FVIII inhibitors, treatment‐related adverse events, or deaths were reported.ConclusionsDamoctocog alfa pegol shows effectiveness and acceptable safety, as well as consistent utilization, in real‐world PTPs with hemophilia A, including in patients with non‐severe hemophilia and those with a history of inhibitors. Please see video for a summary of this study.
Risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage reduces with blood pressure values below hypertensive thresholds
Authors: Ewbank Frederick , Gaastra Benjamin , Hall Samuel , Galea Ian , Bulters Diederik 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is a known risk factor for subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between blood pressure and SAH using a large cohort study and perform a meta‐analysis of the published literature.MethodsParticipants in the UK Biobank were followed up via electronic records until 31 March 2017. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the association between baseline blood pressure (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP] and MABP [mean arterial blood pressure]) and subsequent aneurysmal SAH. Linearity was assessed by comparing models including and excluding cubic splines. Electronic databases were searched from inception until 11 February 2022 for studies reporting on blood pressure and SAH.ResultsA total of 500,598 individuals were included with 539 (0.001%) suffering from aneurysmal SAH. Nonlinear models including cubic splines visually appeared linear between SBP of 110 and 180 mmHg and there was minimal difference in fit between linear and nonlinear models. When values were stratified, those with SBP 120–130 mmHg were at higher risk compared to those with SBP <120 mmHg (hazard ratio [HR] 1.41 [1.02, 1.95]). The meta‐analysis demonstrated a similar increased risk of SAH in individuals with SBP 120–130 mmHg relative to those with <120 mmHg (HR 1.41 [1.17, 1.72]). A stepwise increase in risk was also seen at each subsequent threshold (130–140 mmHg: HR 1.85 [1.53, 2.24], 140–160 mmHg: HR 2.16 [1.57, 2.98], 160–180 mmHg: HR 2.81 [1.85, 4.29], >180 mmHg: HR 5.84 [1.94, 17.54]).ConclusionsThe rate of SAH increases linearly with higher SBP in the general population and specifically appears lower in those with SBP <120 mmHg.
Analyzing complex networks: Extracting key characteristics and measuring structural similarities
Authors: Gul Haji , Al‐Obeidat Feras , Amin Adnan , Moreira Fernando 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThis paper discusses the importance of feature extraction and structure similarity measurement in the analysis of complex networks. Social networks, biological systems, and transportation networks are just a few examples of the many phenomena that have been modeled using complex networks. However, analyzing these networks can be challenging due to their large size and complexity. Feature extraction techniques can help to simplify the network by identifying key nodes or substructures. Structure similarity measurement techniques can be used to compare different networks and identify similarities and differences between them. Previous research has suggested that real‐world complex networks are influenced by multiplex features and either local or global features. However, the interaction between these characteristics is not well understood. The proposed approach outperforms other graph similarity methods on publicly available datasets, with accurate estimations of overall complex network structures. Specifically, the approach based on cosine similarity outperforms as compared to existing methods. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering various graph features–local and global features and their interactions in the analysis of complex networks.
Android malware analysis and detection: A systematic review
Authors: Dahiya Anuradha , Singh Sukhdip , Shrivastava Gulshan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAndroid malware has been emerged as a significant threat, which includes exposure of confidential information, misrepresentation of facts and execution of applications without the knowledge of the users. Malware analysis plays an essential role in dealing with the unlawful behaviour of such malicious applications. Android malware analysis involves examining and understanding malware behaviour and its characteristics. It also includes potential adversarial impacts on Android devices. This paper presents a quick understanding and a holistic view of malware detection and analysis. The current investigation conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to recognize the salient shifts in malware detection by examining a range of scholarly journals and conference papers. The SLR investigated 99 articles published between the years 2018 and 2023. The key observation of this SLR is that static analysis is the most implemented approach for detecting Android malware; Apktool and Androguard are the most frequently used tools. This study also conceded that deep learning and machine learning models have more potential to analyse the malicious behaviour of malware. Certain challenges are faced in Android malware analysis, that is, obfuscation techniques, dynamic code loading, and issues related to experimented datasets. Further, this study focuses on the following areas: the definition of the sample set, data optimisation and processing, feature extraction, machine learning application, and classifier validation. This investigation differs from previous analyses of Android malware detection by emphasizing additional methods based on machine learning.
Rethinking geographies of sovereignty: Towards a conceptual framework of situated sovereignty
Authors: Lange Bastian , Pütz Marco , Herlo Bianca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe engage with debates on shifting geographies of sovereignty in the digital age by providing a conceptual framework for “situated sovereignty”. Our contribution draws on a review of the scholarly literature and current sovereignty practices. We aim to move beyond state‐centred and territorial understandings of sovereignty. A common discussion is the necessity of reconfiguring notions of sovereignty. However, hardly any studies have discussed the sociospatial configurations of practising sovereignty in the digital present. We conceptualise practices of sovereignty along intersecting strands of scholarly literature that have scarcely been related, drawing from political geography, science and technology studies, and critical digitalisation studies. Reviewing the literature, we identify three fields framing current practices of sovereignty—(i) state and territory, (ii) civic engagement, and (iii) digitalisation—based on which we develop a conceptual framework of situated sovereignty. Our framework addresses the situated role of sovereignty practices from a spatial point of view. We propose pragmatism, legitimacy, and governance as three analytical themes for better understanding current and future shifting geographies of sovereignty and enhancing sovereignty studies.
Causal association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with 22 extrahepatic cancers: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xie Jiarong , Gao Hui , Liu Cenqin , Pan Yue , Xu Chengfu , Xu Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimIt is unclear whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) acts as a direct contributing factor to multiple extrahepatic cancers. We aimed to systematically investigate the causal relationships of NAFLD with extrahepatic cancers.MethodsWe conducted a two‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal effects of NAFLD on 22 extrahepatic cancers. We examined the association of NAFLD with extrahepatic cancers using multiple methods in the largest genome‐wide association study meta‐analysis to date. We also replicated the analyses and performed two independent sensitivity analysis in the largest genome‐wide association study of UK Biobank.ResultsUsing the weighted median method, genetically predicted NAFLD was significantly associated with female breast cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] 15.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.58–26.69). Genetically predicted NAFLD is associated with cervical and laryngeal cancers using the inverse variance weighting method, and the ORs were 2.44 (95% CI 1.43–4.14) and 1.94 (95% CI 1.35–2.78), respectively. We observed that patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3‐driven and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2‐driven NAFLD were associated with increased risks of leukemia, lung cancer, and prostate cancers (all with p < 0.05). Furthermore, we confirmed the causal association between NAFLD and breast cancer using five known single‐nucleotide polymorphisms of NAFLD and six genome‐wide association study‐identified variants. The ORs of the weighted median estimator was 10.76 (95% CI 8.27–13.98) and 10.76 (95% CI 8.25–14.04), respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionGenetically predicted NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of female breast cancer, as well as cervical, laryngeal, leukemia, lung, and prostate cancers.
High prevalence of low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin resistance among children and adolescents living with HIV in Uganda: harbinger for metabolic syndrome?
Authors: Kisitu Grace , Shabanova Veronika , Naiga Fairuzi , Nakagwa Mary , Kekitiinwa Adeodata R. , Elyanu Peter J. , Paintsil Elijah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntiretroviral therapy‐associated adverse effects and comorbidities are still pervasive in people living with HIV, especially metabolic syndrome (MetS). We investigated the age‐dependent prevalence of components of MetS and insulin resistance in children and adolescents living with HIV (CALWH).MethodsA cross‐sectional pilot study of CALWH treated at the Baylor Uganda Clinical Centre of Excellence in Kampala, Uganda, May to August 2021. The primary outcome of MetS was defined by both the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) criteria. We estimated the prevalence of MetS and its components for all participants and by the stratification factors.ResultsWe enrolled 90 children and adolescents, aged 6 to <10 years (n = 30), 10 to <16 years (n = 30), and ≥ 16 to <19 years (n = 30). Fifty‐one percent were females. The estimated prevalence of MetS was 1.11% (1 of 90) using either IDF or ATPIII criteria for all participants, and 3.33% in the oldest age group. Notably, while only one among study participants met the criterion based on having central obesity or blood pressure, over 55% of participants had one or more IDF component, with 47% having low high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Two participants (6.67%) in the group aged 10 to <16 years met one of the definitions for insulin resistance (IR) using the Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA‐IR) index. For every 1‐year increase in age, HOMA‐IR index increased by 0.04 (95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.08; p = 0.02).ConclusionsWith increasing survival of CALWH into adulthood, lifetime exposure to ART, the frequency of MetS in this population may rise, increasing the lifetime risk for associated health problems. There is a need to study the natural history of MetS in CALWH to inform preventative and treatment interventions as needed.
A long and winding road: the history of Immunology & Cell Biology from 1936 to 1987
Authors: Greer Judith M 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis piece for the 100th year of publication of Immunology & Cell Biology focuses on the contributions of two long‐serving Editors‐in‐Chief, Mark Mitchell (1936–1963) and Derrick Rowley (1963–1987). This was a period of growth and consolidation for the journal, through sometimes challenging and changing times. Some of the notable works published in the journal during this time are also highlighted.
Self‐correction of the ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar and its predictive factors: A systematic review
Authors: Bastos Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira , dos Santos Cibelle Cristina Oliveira , Bellini‐Pereira Silvio Augusto , Normando David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundEctopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar is a local disturbance that affects the development of the occlusion.AimTo evaluate the occurrence of self‐correction of maxillary first permanent molar's ectopic eruption and its predictive factors.DesignFive electronic databases and part of the gray literature were investigated. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the certainty of evidence using the GRADE tool.ResultsFour studies were selected: Three had a low risk of bias, and one, moderate. Evidence with a moderate level of certainty was generated, indicating a possibility of 47%–78% of spontaneous correction up to 7 years of age. Supporting the prognosis, whether reversible or irreversible, there was a positive correlation between the severity of the atypical distal resorption of the second primary molar, a higher magnitude of impaction, a larger eruption angle, and a bilateral occurrence with the irreversibility of the cases.ConclusionSpontaneous correction of the ectopic eruption of the maxillary first permanent molar is feasible and dependent on the severity of predictive factors. Early intervention is mandatory in irreversible cases.
Applications of DNA Flow Cytometry and Fluorescence In situ Hybridization Using a Chromosome‐specific DNA Probe on Paraffin‐embedded Tissue Sections of Primary Malignant Melanomas
Authors: Matsuta Mayumi , Imamura Yuko , Matsuta Morimasa , Kon Saiichi , Sasaki Kohsuke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe have applied DNA flow cytometric analysis to paraffin‐embedded tissue sections of primary malignant melanomas. Conventionally, flow cytometric analysis of paraffin‐embedded tissue sections has been done by the method of Hedley et al. We added ultrasound treatment to the method of Hedley et al. and a lower value of coefficient of variation was shown. Furthermore, a new technique, fluorescence in situ hybridization with a chromosome‐specific repetitive DNA probe, was used for the analysis of chromosomal numerical aberrations in the same paraffin‐embedded tissue sections. The DNA flow cytometric analysis showed that in 8 cases six primary malignant melanomas were of the aneuploid pattern and two cases of lentigo maligna (melamona in situ) were of the diploid pattern. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, the two cases with the diploid pattern had spots/nucleus of 1.28 and 1.12, and those with the aneuploid pattern had spots/nucleus from 2.01 to 2.27. Only one nodular melanoma in an aneuploid case showed spots/nucleus of 1.71. These data indicate that fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome‐specific repetitive DNA probes can serve as a cytogenetic tool for the analysis of interphase nuclei of solid human tumors and may be useful for the study of tumor cell heterogeneity.