bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding context of violence against healthcare through citizen science and evaluating the effectiveness of a co-designed code of conduct and of a tailored de-escalation of violence training in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo and Iraq: a study protocol for a stepped wedge randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ferrari Giovanfrancesco , Lwamushi Samuel Makali , Balaluka Ghislain Bisimwa , Lafta Riyadh K. , Schindler Christian , Bugugu Daniella , Lurhangire Emmanuel , Tediosi Fabrizio , Mendoza Jessica Ramirez , Merten Sonja 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Violence against health care workers (HCWs) is a multifaceted issue entwined with broader social, cultural, and economic contexts. While it is a global phenomenon, in crisis settings, HCWs are exposed to exceptionally high rates of violence. We hypothesize that the implementation of a training on de-escalation of violence and of a code of conduct informed through participatory citizen science research would reduce the incidence and severity of episodes of violence in primary healthcare settings of rural Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and large hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq.

Methods
In an initial formative research phase, the study will use a transdisciplinary citizen science approach to inform the re-adaptation of a violence de-escalation training for HCWs and the content of a code of conduct for both HCWs and clients. Qualitative and citizen science methods will explore motivations, causes, and contributing factors that lead to violence against HCWs. Preliminary findings will inform participatory meetings aimed at co-developing local rules of conduct through in-depth discussion and input from various stakeholders, followed by a validation and legitimization process. The effectiveness of the two interventions will be evaluated through a stepped-wedge randomized-cluster trial (SW-RCT) design with 11 arms, measuring the frequency and severity of violence, as well as secondary outcomes such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), job burnout, empathy, or HCWs’ quality of life at various points in time, alongside a cost-effectiveness study comparing the two strategies.

Discussion
Violence against HCWs is a global issue, and it can be particularly severe in humanitarian contexts. However, there is limited evidence on effective and affordable approaches to address this problem. Understanding the context of community distrust and motivation for violence against HCWs will be critical for developing effective, tailored, and culturally appropriate responses, including a training on violence de-escalation and a community behavioral change approach to increase public trust in HCWs. This study aims therefore to compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different interventions to reduce violence against HCWs in two post-crisis settings, providing valuable evidence for future efforts to address this issue.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier NCT05419687. Prospectively registered on June 15, 2022.
Four ways of implementing robustness quantification in strain characterisation
Authors: Torello Pianale Luca , Caputo Fabio , Olsson Lisbeth 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
In industrial bioprocesses, microorganisms are generally selected based on performance, whereas robustness, i.e., the ability of a system to maintain a stable performance, has been overlooked due to the challenges in its quantification and implementation into routine experimental procedures. This work presents four ways of implementing robustness quantification during strain characterisation. One Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strain (CEN.PK113-7D) and two industrial strains (Ethanol Red and PE2) grown in seven different lignocellulosic hydrolysates were assessed for growth-related functions (specific growth rate, product yields, etc.) and eight intracellular parameters (using fluorescent biosensors).

Results
Using flasks and high-throughput experimental setups, robustness was quantified in relation to: (i) stability of growth functions in response to the seven hydrolysates; (ii) stability of growth functions across different strains to establish the impact of perturbations on yeast metabolism; (iii) stability of intracellular parameters over time; (iv) stability of intracellular parameters within a cell population to indirectly quantify population heterogeneity. Ethanol Red was the best-performing strain under all tested conditions, achieving the highest growth function robustness. PE2 displayed the highest population heterogeneity. Moreover, the intracellular environment varied in response to non-woody or woody lignocellulosic hydrolysates, manifesting increased oxidative stress and unfolded protein response, respectively.

Conclusions
Robustness quantification is a powerful tool for strain characterisation as it offers novel information on physiological and biochemical parameters. Owing to the flexibility of the robustness quantification method, its implementation was successfully validated at single-cell as well as high-throughput levels, showcasing its versatility and potential for several applications.

Graphical Abstract
Combined clinical and radiological remission of rectovaginal fistulas using fractional CO2 vaginal laser: a case series and medium-term follow-up
Authors: Drumond Denise Gasparetti , Condé Camila de Moraes Sarmento , Chebli Júlio Maria da Fonseca , Chebli Liliana Andrade , Esperança Samuel Drumond , Speck Neila Maria de Góis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Despite the advances in surgical and clinical approaches, there is no consensus regarding the best line of treatment from rectovaginal fistula (RVF). Faced with a challenging scenario in the approach of RVF, the fractional CO2 laser receives attention as a possible form of treatment.

Objectives
A single-center, prospective, open-label study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of laser therapy for RVF treatment.

Subjects and methods
The total of 15 patients was recruited at the Juiz de Fora University Hospital between August 2018 and July 2022. Inclusion criteria were presence of clinically suspects RVF of any etiology confirmed by pelvic magnetic resonance image (MRI) and gynecological examination. Five fractional CO2 laser sessions with monthly interval followed by complete evaluation through clinical examination and pelvic MRI were performed for all patients after the completion of treatment. Analysis of sexual function before and after the treatment was performed using Female Sexual Quotient (FSQ).

Results
The evaluation through physical examination showed no persistent inflammatory signs in the vagina for all patients. Additionally, 10 of out 15 (67.7%) patients achieved clinical remission of RVF symptoms, while 33.3% patients reported significant improvement. Of note, five patients who did not have previous sexual activity returned to regular sexual activity while seven patients who have baseline sexual activity had improvement in their sexual function as assessed by the FSQ. Three out of four ostomized patients had their ostomy reversed and remained without complains. All six patients with RVF secondary to Crohn’s disease reported a marked improvement in symptoms and sexual function. In seven (47%) patients radiological remission was confirmed by pelvic MRI.

Conclusion
CO2 fractional laser can be considered a promising and safe therapeutic alternative for the management of RVF.
Centriolin interacts with HectD1 in a cell cycle dependent manner
Authors: Salas Jesus , Garcia Alexander , Zora Vancy , Dornbush Sean , Mousa-Ibrahim Fady , Fogg Hanna , Gromley Zeynep , Gromley Adam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
The centrosome is universally recognized as the microtubule organizing center of animal cells, but emerging evidence suggests that it has other important functions including primary cilia formation, DNA damage checkpoints, and cell cycle progression. Despite this, the role of individual components of the centrosome remains unclear. Previous studies suggest that one component, centriolin, has an important function in cytokinesis and cell cycle progression, although its exact role in these processes is not known. To determine how centriolin influences the progression through the cell cycle, we sought to identify interacting partners that may be involved in regulating its function.

Results
This study provides evidence that the ubiquitin E3 ligase HectD1 binds to centriolin and that this association likely accounts for our observation that HectD1 co-localizes with centriolin at the centrosome during mitosis. In addition to its centrosomal localization, we also show that the expression of HectD1 fluctuates throughout the cell cycle, with the highest levels during mitosis, coinciding with a marked reduction in centriolin expression. We propose that the interaction between HectD1 and centriolin may be necessary for normal cell cycle progression and we speculate that this function may involve HectD1-mediated degradation of centriolin.
Cerebellar metastasis of ovarian cancer: a case report
Authors: Cabitza Eleonora , Pirola Marta , Baldessari Cinzia , Bernardelli Giuditta , Zunarelli Elena , Pipitone Stefania , Vitale Maria Giuseppa , Nasso Cecilia , Molinaro Eleonora , Oltrecolli Marco , D’Agostino Elisa , Mandato Vincenzo Dario , Palicelli Andrea , Dominici Massimo , Sabbatini Roberto 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian cancer is metastatic at presentation in about 62% of cases, but brain metastases are rare, reported in 3.3–4% of patients. Brain metastasis seems to be more frequent in advanced stages at diagnosis and in patients with BRCA1/2 mutation.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 47-year-old Caucasian woman, BRCA wild type, with an ovarian cancer that started with single cerebellar metastasis.

Conclusion
Brain metastases in ovarian cancer are rare and complex for diagnosis and management. This case focuses both on diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the importance of a multimodal approach in a multidisciplinary team.
Restoring skeletal muscle mass as an independent determinant of liver fat deposition improvement in MAFLD
Authors: Zhou Ting , Ye Junzhao , Luo Ling , Wang Wei , Feng Shiting , Dong Zhi , Zhuo Shuyu , Zhong Bihui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aims
Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated the association of skeletal muscle mass with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), while longitudinal data are scarce. We aimed to explore the impact of changes in relative skeletal muscle mass on the MAFLD treatment response.

Methods
MAFLD patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging-based proton density fat fraction for liver fat content (LFC) assessments and bioelectrical impedance analysis before and after treatment (orlistat, meal replacement, lifestyle modifications) were enrolled. Appendicular muscle mass (ASM) was adjusted by weight (ASM/W).

Results
Overall, 256 participants were recruited and divided into two groups: with an ASM/W increase (n=166) and without an ASM/W increase (n=90). There was a great reduction in LFC in the group with an ASM/W increase (16.9% versus 8.2%, P < 0.001). However, the change in LFC in the group without an ASM/W increase showed no significant difference (12.5% versus 15.0%, P > 0.05). △ASM/W Follow-up-Baseline [odds ratio (OR)=1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-2.07, P = 0.024] and △total fat mass (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.87, P = 0.004) were independent predictors for steatosis improvement (relative reduction of LFC ≥ 30%). The subgroup analysis showed that, despite without weight loss, decrease in HOMA-IR (OR=6.21, 95% CI 1.28-30.13, P=0.023), △total fat mass Baseline -Follow-up (OR=3.48, 95% CI 1.95-6.21, P <0.001 and △ASM/W Follow-up-Baseline (OR=2.13, 95% CI 1.12-4.05, P=0.022) independently predicted steatosis improvement.

Conclusions
ASM/W increase and loss of total fat mass benefit the resolution of liver steatosis, independent of weight loss for MAFLD.
Heterologous expression in E. coli and functional characterization of the tomato CPR enzymes
Authors: Choi Won , Park Seo Young , Kim Hyun Min , Mai Thanh Dat , Do Ju Hui , Jang Hye Min , Hwang Hyeon Bae , Song Eun Gyeong , Shim Jae Sung , Joung Young Hee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is a key enzyme transferring electrons to cytochrome P450. In tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), two CPR genes, SlCPR1 and SlCPR2, were identified. In all the tested tomato tissues, SlCPR2 showed higher expression levels than SlCPR1. SlCPR2 expression increased significantly with jasmonic acid treatment. No significant changes were observed with salicylic acid or drought stress treatment. The cDNA of SlCPRs were expressed in Escherichia coli without any amino acid modification. And the heterologously expressed SlCPR enzymes were reacted with several protein and chemical substrates. SlCPR2 was more active than SlCPR1. Both SlCPR1 and SlCPR2 exhibited strong activity across a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0, with peak activity at pH 8.0. The study opens possibilities for CPR control, biocatalyst development, and exploring oxidase enzyme functions.
Selenium biofortification improves bioactive composition and antioxidant status in Plantago ovata Forsk., a medicinal plant
Authors: Dey Sankalan , Raychaudhuri Sarmistha Sen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans, but its deficiency as well as toxicity affects large number of people worldwide. Plantago ovata, a commercially important medicinal plant, is mainly cultivated in western regions of India, where elevated levels of Se have been found in soil. Thus, we evaluated the potential of Se biofortification in P. ovata via phytoremediation and its effect on the bioactive composition.

Results
The results showed a significant alteration in various morphological and physiological parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The 10 µM Se dose improved seedling height, biomass and total chlorophyll content. There was a gradual increase in total Se content, with highest accumulation of 457.65 µg/g FW at 500 µM Se treatment. Se positively affected the antioxidative metabolism which was measured from the change in total antioxidant capacity, radical scavenging activity and Metallothionein 2 expression. Increasing levels of Se also affected the PAL activity, total polyphenol and flavonoid content. Caffeic acid, Coumaric acid and Rutin were found to be the most abundant phenolic compounds.

Conclusions
Low levels of selenium (below 50 µM) can successfully improve Se accumulation and elicit production of various polyphenols without hampering plant growth. Thus, Se fortification of P. ovata seedlings via phytoremediation appears to be a feasible and efficient way to enhance its nutraceutical value in dietary products.
Guided bone regeneration in long-bone defect with a bilayer mineralized collagen membrane
Authors: Peng Fuli , Zhang Xuelei , Wang Yilei , Zhao Rui , Cao Zhiwei , Chen Siyu , Ruan Yunxuan , Wu Jingjing , Song Tianxi , Qiu Zhiye , Yang Xiao , Zeng Yi , Zhu Xiangdong , Pan Jian , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBone regeneration for large, critical-sized bone defects remains a clinical challenge nowadays. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a promising technique for the repair of multiple bone defects, which is widely used in oral and maxillofacial bone defects but is still unsatisfied in the treatment of long bone defects. Here, we successfully fabricated a bilayer mineralized collagen/collagen (MC/Col)-GBR membrane with excellent osteoinductive and barrier function by coating the MC particles prepared via in situ biomimetic mineralization process on one side of a sheet-like pure collagen layer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and biological functions of the MC/Col film, and to further evaluate its bone regeneration efficiency in large bone defect repair. Fourier-transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of both hydroxyapatite and collagen phase in the MC/Col film, as well as the chemical interaction between them. stereo microscope, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope showed the uniform distribution of MC particles in the MC/Col film, resulting in a rougher surface compared to the pure Col film. The quantitative analysis of surface contact angle, light transmittance and tensile strength demonstrated that the MC/Col film have better hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, light-barrier properties, respectively. In vitro macrophage co-culture experiments showed that the MC/Col film can effectively inhibit macrophage proliferation and fusion, reducing fibrous capsule formation. In vivo bone repair assessment of a rabbit critical segmental radial defect proved that the MC/Col film performed better than other groups in promoting bone repair and regeneration due to their unique dual osteoinductive/barrier function. These findings provided evidence that MC/Col film has a great clinical potential for effective bone defect repair.
Graphic abstract
A monster into the heart: an unusual presentation of cardiac leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Cruz Palomera Raul , Valencia Gonzalez Jose Dario , Guzmán Olea Juan , Gutiérrez Castañeda Rosa Elena , Rodríguez Alvarado Juan Francisco , Camacho Huembes Juan , Arenas Fonseca Jorge Guillermo , Carcaño Cuevas Alejandro , Guzman Olea Gabriel 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Malignant primary cardiac tumors are infrequent and can lead to an unfavorable prognosis if not identified and treated promptly. Early detection and prompt treatment of malignant primary cardiac tumors are crucial for a better prognosis. This article presents a case of primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma and reviews the literature on this topic.

Case presentation
Female patient that developed recurrent pericardial effusion and hemodynamic instability caused by a cardiac tumor, later identified as leiomyosarcoma. Multidisciplinary treatment was administered to the patient.

Conclusions
The initial approach to this type of pathology should include multimodality imaging to establish a prompt diagnosis leading to complete standard treatment, to minimize risks to the patient's heart function which may include resection with complete margins of the neoplasm, otherwise the prognosis may be poor.
Comparison of massage and prone position on heart rate and blood oxygen saturation level in preterm neonates hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units
Authors: El-sayd Hanan Mostafa , El-Mashad Ghada Mohamed , Mohamed Mohamed Zakaria Elsaied , Abouzouna Zeinab Sabri 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Many years ago, it was proposed that prone positioning and infant massage would benefit preterm and babies with low birth weight.

Aim of the work
Evaluating the effectiveness of massage therapy and the neonatal prone position on the heart rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation level (SPO2) of premature neonates in neonatal intensive care units.

Subject and methods
Our study was conducted as a single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial at the NICUs of Menoufia University Hospital. After enrollment, the (240) cases were divided into group A: (80) infants with prone position, group B: (80) infants with massage therapy (as intervention groups), group C: (80) infants as a control group (without intervention).

Results
Regarding group A, there was a significant difference between the first and last days of intervention regarding HR and SPO2 at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. Regarding group B, there was a significant difference between the first and last days of intervention regarding HR and SPO2 at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. Regarding group C, there was no significant difference between the First and last days of intervention regarding HR at 15, 30, 45, and 60 min.

Conclusion
Prone position and infant’s massage equally reduce Heart Rate and increase preterm babies' blood oxygen saturation level neonates admitted in NICU.
Novel Selective Quantification of Zinpentraxin Alfa Biotherapeutic in the Presence of Endogenous Isomer in Plasma Samples of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients Using Immunoaffinity LC–MS
Authors: Li Maoyin , Arjomandi Audrey , Sun Xiaowei , Lu Erhu , Tyagi Tulika , Lin WeiYu , Fischer Saloumeh K. , Kaur Surinder , Xu Keyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fatal interstitial lung disease that affects three million patients worldwide and currently without an effective cure. Zinpentraxin alfa, a recombinant human pentraxin-2 (rhPTX-2) protein, has been evaluated as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of IPF. Clinical pharmacokinetic analysis of zinpentraxin alfa has been challenging historically due to interference from serum amyloid P component (SAP), an endogenous human pentraxin-2 protein. These molecules share an identical primary amino acid sequence and glycan composition; however, zinpentraxin alfa possesses α2,3-linked terminal sialic acid residues while SAP is an α2,6-linked isomer. By taking advantage of this only structural difference, we developed a novel assay strategy where α2,3-sialidase was used to selectively hydrolyze α2,3-linked sialic acid residues, resulting in desialylated zinpentraxin alfa versus unchanged sialylated SAP, following an immunoaffinity capture step. Subsequent tryptic digestion produced a unique surrogate asialo-glycopeptide from zinpentraxin alfa and allowed specific quantification of the biotherapeutic in human plasma. In addition, a common peptide shared by both molecules was selected as a surrogate to determine total hPTX-2 concentrations, i.e., sum of zinpentraxin alfa and SAP. The quantification methods for both zinpentraxin alfa and total hPTX-2 were validated and used in pharmacokinetic assessment in IPF patients. The preliminary results suggest that endogenous SAP levels remained largely constant in IPF patients throughout the treatment with zinpentraxin alfa. Our novel approach provides a general bioanalytical strategy to selectively quantify α2,3-sialylated glycoproteins in the presence of their corresponding α2,6-linked isomers.
Graphical Abstract