bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of machining characteristics and surface integrity for trim cut WEDM of hybrid metal matrix composite [Al 6061, SiC, and TiB2]
Authors: Kumar Nilesh , Kumar Jatinder 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study is focused on fabrication of Hybrid Al6061/SiC + TiB2 MMC by stir casting process, primarily to study the effect of two different reinforcement particles on mechanical properties and microstructure. Additionally, the assessment of surface integrity has been attempted after machining the composite by trim cut WEDM process. Five samples have been fabricated with varied weight fraction of SiC and TiB2 reinforcement, keeping total weight percentage of reinforcement particles fixed to 10%. It is observed that Hybrid MMC with composition Al6061 (90%), SiC (2.5%), and TiB2 (7.5%) shows better mechanical properties which is corroborated by both the optical microscopy and SEM. A screening experiment has been designed using fold over fractional factorial technique (with resolution IV), to investigate the parametric effects on surface integrity features, i.e., surface roughness, spark gap, and recast layer for trim cut WEDM operation. Peak current (Ip) and pulse on time (Ton) have been found to be the significant parameters for spark gap as well as surface roughness. It is observed that the trim cut operation improved the surface roughness and reduced it to 2.2 µm from 3.93 µm (after rough cut). Recast layer has been reduced to a value of 4.67 µm after trim operation, from 24.6 µm for rough cut. These findings suggest that trim cut strategy is very effective in improving the surface integrity of the rough-cut machined samples. It is also observed that thickness of recast layer is directly proportional to the discharge energy during trim cutting.
Transcriptomic analysis of diabetic kidney disease and neuropathy in mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Elzinga Sarah E. , Eid Stephanie A. , McGregor Brett A. , Jang Dae-Gyu , Hinder Lucy M. , Dauch Jacqueline R. , Hayes John M. , Zhang Hongyu , Guo Kai , Pennathur Subramaniam , Kretzler Matthias , Brosius Frank C. , Koubek Emily J. , Feldman Eva L. , Hur Junguk 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are common complications of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of these complications are unclear. In this study, we optimized a streptozotocin-induced db/+ murine model of T1D and compared it to our established db/db T2D mouse model of the same C57BLKS/J background. Glomeruli and sciatic nerve transcriptomic data from T1D and T2D mice were analyzed by self-organizing map and differential gene expression analysis. Consistent with prior literature, pathways related to immune function and inflammation were dysregulated in both complications in T1D and T2D mice. Gene-level analysis identified a high degree of concordance in shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both complications and across diabetes type when using mice from the same cohort and genetic background. As we have previously shown a low concordance of shared DEGs in DPN when using mice from different cohorts and genetic backgrounds, this suggests that genetic background may influence diabetic complications. Collectively, these findings support the role of inflammation and indicate that genetic background is important in complications of both T1D and T2D.
Endurance Exercise Performance Is Reduced after 6-h Dives at 1.35 ATA When Breathing 100% Oxygen Compared with Air
Authors: CONSIDINE ELIZABETH G. , FLORIAN JOHN P. , KLEMP ALEX O. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Long-duration dives on consecutive days reduces muscular performance, potentially affecting military personnel. However, a paucity of data exists on how breathing gases affect endurance performance. This study examined the influence of long-duration diving with different breathing gases on aerobic endurance and handgrip performance.

Methods
Twenty-three military divers completed a single 6-h dive (single dive [SD]) and five 6-h dives over consecutive days (dive week [DW]) with 30-min cycling intervals using air (AIR, n = 13) or 100% oxygen (OXY, n = 10). Before and after SD and DW, subjects completed a maximum handgrip strength test, a handgrip endurance test at 40% maximal strength, and a time to exhaustion run.

Results
Handgrip endurance decreased after DW in OXY (SD, 1.9 ± 0.0 vs 1.4 ± 0.3 min) compared with AIR (1.8 ± 0.0 vs 1.8 ± 0.2 min) (P < 0.001). Run time decreased after SD (Pre, 20.7 ± 10.4 min; Post, 16.6 ± 7.6 min; P = 0.039) and DW (Pre, 21.6 ± 9.0 min; Post, 11.2 ± 4.0 min; P < 0.001) in OXY and after overall diving in AIR (Pre, 26.5 ± 10.2 min; Post, 22.3 ± 7.5 min; P = 0.025). V̇O2 decreased after diving only in AIR (Pre, 42.6 ± 3.4 mL·kg−1⋅min−1; Post, 40.4 ± 3.7 mL·kg−1⋅min−1; P = 0.010). There were no other significant effects.

Conclusions
Breathing 100% oxygen during long-duration dives on consecutive days may exacerbate decreases in aerobic endurance and impairs handgrip endurance compared with air. Additional research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of action and possible mitigation strategies.
Multiomic sequencing of paired primary and metastatic small bowel carcinoids
Authors: Postel Mackenzie D. , Darabi Sourat , Howe James R. , Liang Winnie S. , Craig David W. , Demeure Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs), also called “carcinoids,” are insidious tumors that are often metastatic when diagnosed. Limited studies on the mutational landscape of small bowel carcinoids indicate that these tumors have a relatively low mutational burden. The development of targeted therapies will depend upon the identification of mutations that drive the pathogenesis and metastasis of SI-NETs. Methods: Whole exome and RNA sequencing of 5 matched sets of constitutional tissue, primary SI-NETs, and liver metastases were investigated. Germline and somatic variants included: single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels), structural variants, and copy number alterations (CNAs). The functional impact of mutations was predicted using Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor. Results: Large-scale CNAs were observed including the loss of chromosome 18 in all 5 metastases and 3/5 primary tumors. Certain somatic SNVs were metastasis-specific; including mutations in ATRX, CDKN1B, MXRA5 (leading to the activation of a cryptic splice site and loss of mRNA), SMARCA2, and the loss of UBE4B. Additional mutations in ATRX, and splice site loss of PYGL, led to intron retention observed in primary and metastatic tumors. Conclusions: We observed novel mutations in primary/metastatic SI-NET pairs, some of which have been observed in other types of neuroendocrine tumors. We confirmed previously observed phenomena such as loss of chromosome 18 and CDKN1B. Transcriptome sequencing added relevant information that would not have been appreciated with DNA sequencing alone. The detection of several splicing mutations on the DNA level and their consequences at the RNA level suggests that RNA splicing aberrations may be an important mechanism underlying SI-NETs.
Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy: an explorative case-control study with viral metagenomic analyses on Onchocerca volvulus
Authors: Hadermann Amber , Jada Stephen Raimon , Sebit Wilson J. , Deng Thomas , Bol Yak Y. , Siewe Fodjo Joseph N. , De Coninck Lander , Matthijnssens Jelle , Mertens Inge , Polman Katja , Colebunders Robert 
Published: October 2023

Background: A high prevalence of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) has been observed in onchocerciasis-endemic areas with high ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission. However, the pathogenesis of OAE remains to be elucidated. We hypothesise that the O. volvulus virome could be involved in inducing epilepsy. With this study, we aim to describe the O. volvulus virome and identify potential neurotropic viruses linked to OAE. Methods: In Maridi County, an onchocerciasis endemic area in South Sudan with a high prevalence of OAE, we will conduct an exploratory case-control study enrolling 40 persons aged 12 years and above with palpable onchocerciasis nodules. Cases will be participants with OAE (n=20), who will be age- and village-matched with controls without epilepsy (n=20). For each study participant, two skin snips at the iliac crest will be obtained to collect O. volvulus microfilariae, and one nodulectomy will be performed to obtain adult worms. A viral metagenomic study will be conducted on microfilariae and adult worms, and the O. volvulus virome of persons with and without OAE will be compared. The number, size, and localisation of onchocerciasis nodules in persons with and without OAE will be described. Moreover, the pre- and post-nodulectomy frequency of seizures in persons with OAE will be compared. Ethics and dissemination: The protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Antwerp and the Ministry of Health of South Sudan. Findings will be disseminated nationally and internationally via meetings and peer-reviewed publications. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT05868551 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05868551) Protocol version: 1.1, dated 09/05/2023
Fitness AfteR Oesophagectomy (FARO): study protocol for an external pilot trial of the impact of rehabilitation on quality of life after surgery for oesophageal cancer
Authors: Prasad Pooja , Macdonald Jillian , Maier Rebecca , Cherlin Svetlana , Maxwell Julie , Aure Crystal-Mira , Daly Jeremy , Wahed Shajahan , Greystoke Alastair , Phillips Alexander W. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Curative treatment of gastro-oesophageal cancer encompasses surgery and peri-operative chemo(radio)therapy. Oesophagectomy carries significant morbidity and mortality with an adverse impact upon patients’ quality of life (QoL). Advancements in oncological treatment and surgical techniques have resulted in incremental prognostic gains with increasing focus on survivorship and optimising QoL. Despite enhanced recovery pathways, patients receive no assistance to improve physical functioning and QoL in the recovery period following hospital discharge. Post-operative rehabilitation has demonstrated improvement in physical fitness and psychosocial wellbeing among other cancer subtypes. There is a need to develop rehabilitative interventions that improve and restore patients’ QoL following an oesophagectomy. The aim of the FARO (Fitness AfteR Oesophagectomy) pilot trial is to determine if a pragmatic, patient-directed rehabilitation programme following oesophagectomy improves patients’ QoL. Methods The FARO study is a prospective, single-centre, parallel group, open-label, two-arm pragmatic randomised controlled external pilot trial that will run over 24 months. The trial aims to recruit 60 patients undergoing oesophageal cancer surgery. Patients will be randomized to receive standard clinical care or post-operative rehabilitation (alongside standard clinical care) in a 1:1 ratio. The rehabilitation intervention encompasses a 12-week home-based programme with weekly step-count targets, completion of resistance exercises and dietary monitoring. The primary outcome is patients’ health-related quality of life (assessed by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and OG-25 questionnaires). Secondary outcomes include cardiopulmonary fitness, functional impact of sarcopenia and biochemical nutritional markers. Outcomes are measured at baseline (at discharge from hospital post-oesophagectomy), 6 weeks, 3- and 6 months post-surgery. Discussion This external pilot trial aims to assess if a patient-directed rehabilitation programme following oesophagectomy restores and improves patients’ HR-QOL and recovery of physical functioning. Further, the trial aims to obtain adequate pilot data to plan a future definitive UK-wide trial of perioperative rehabilitation following oesophagectomy. Trial registration number: ISRCTN Registry ISCRTN73024784; Pre-results
Changes in relative peripheral refraction and optical quality in Chinese myopic patients after small incision lenticule extraction surgery
Authors: Du Yuqin , Zhou Yuehua , Ding Mingwei , Zhang Mingxu , Guo Yujuan 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
To observe changes in retinal refraction difference values (RDV) and aberrations after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery and evaluate their correlations.

Methods
This study recruited 112 patients (112 eyes) who underwent SMILE for myopia. Participants were classified into the Low and Moderate Myopia group (LM, -0.50 to -6.0 D) and High Myopia group (HM, >-6.0 D) according to the central spherical equivalent (SE). RDVs in the five retinal eccentricities from 0° to 10°, 10° to 20°, 20° to 30°, 30° to 40°, and 40° to 53° are recorded as RDV-(0–10), RDV-(10–20), RDV-(20–30), RDV-(30–40), and RDV-(40–53), respectively; additionally, RDVs have four sectors, i.e., RDV-Superior (RDV-S), RDV-Inferior (RDV-I), RDV-Temporal (RDV-T), and RDV-Nasal (RDV-N). With a 3-month follow-up, changes in RDV (ΔRDV) and changes in aberrations [Δtrefoil, Δcoma, Δspherical aberration (SA), and Δtotal higher-order aberrations (HOA)] after surgery were recorded.

Results
No significant differences were observed in total RDV (TRDV), RDV-(0–53), RDV-S, RDV-I, RDV-N, trefoil, coma, and SA between the two groups before SMILE surgery. However, after SMILE, hyperopic defocus values [TRDV, RDV-(20–53), RDV-S, RDV-T, and RDV-N] in the LM group and hyperopic defocus values [TRDV, RDV-(20–53), RDV-S, and RDV-N] in the HM group were significantly lower at 3 months postoperatively than preoperatively, and the RDV-(40–53), RDV-S, and RDV-N were lower in the HM group than in the LM group. Aberrations [trefoil (vertical), coma, and HOA] in the LM group and aberrations (trefoil, coma, SA, and HOA) in the HM group were significantly higher at 3 months postoperatively than preoperatively, and the coma, trefoil(horizontal), SA, and HOA were higher in the HM group than in the LM group. In the multivariate analysis, ΔRDV-(40–53) was significantly correlated with ΔSA, and ΔRDV-T and ΔRDV-N were significantly correlated with Δcoma (horizontal).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that SMILE reduces retinal peripheral hyperopic defocus but introduces some higher-order aberrations, especially in people with high myopia refractive errors.
The Role of Interleukin 6 (IL6), Cancer Antigen—125 (CA-125), and Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) to predict tumor resectability in the advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Muhammad Syamel , Azwan Reyhan Julio , Rita Rauza Sukma , Susanti Restu , Yusrawati  
Published: October 2023

Introduction
A study of tumor resectability in pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is required to predict primary surgical benefits accurately. This study aims to investigate IL6, CA-125 and HE4 to predict tumor resectability in the pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the polyclinic, oncology and gynecology inpatient room of Dr. M. Jamil Padang Hospital from June until December 2022. Advanced epithelial ovarian cancer stage based on histology result from FIGO stages IIIB–IVA. IL6, CA-125, and HE4 were measured using ECLIA (electrochemiluminescence immunoassay). Categorical data were assessed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Numerical variable correlations were analyzed using Pearson Correlation tests. While the correlation between numerical and nominal variables was analyzed using the Eta correlation test. A p-value of <0,05 was considered a significant correlation. The cut-off value of serum IL6, CA-125, and HE4 was determined with a ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity of each clinical parameter were calculated.

Results
There was a significant difference in IL-6 (1328 vs 752 pg/ml; p<0,001), CA-125 (1260,5 vs 819,5 U/ml; p<0,001), and HE4 levels (1320 vs 760 pmol/L; p<0,001) between patients with tumor resectability of > 1 cm (suboptimal) vs < 1 cm (optimal). There was a correlation between IL6 (r = 0,832), CA-125 (r = 0,716), and HE4 (r = 0,716) with tumor resectability.

Conclusion
Measuring IL6, CA-125, and HE4 levels is useful for clinicians to predict tumor resectability in pre-operative patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
AVANÇOS NAS DIRETRIZES DE BOAS PRÁTICAS DE FABRICAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS FARMACÊUTICOS ESTÉREIS
Authors: Blanco Vinícius Paccola , Lombardo Márcia , Da Silva Tatiana Oliveira , De Souza Michelle Ribeiro Estevam , Eserian Jaqueline Kalleian 
Published: October 2023

A contaminação microbiológica de medicamentos representa risco significativo ao paciente, devendo o controle da contaminação microbiana abranger todas as etapas de desenvolvimento do produto. O Anexo 1 da Agência Europeia de Medicamentos (EMA) que trata das Boas Práticas de Fabricação de produtos medicinais estéreis, foi revisado em colaboração com o Esquema de Cooperação em Inspeção Farmacêutica (PIC/S) e a organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). O objetivo deste estudo foi discutir os principais aspectos da revisão do Anexo 1 do EMA, comparando-os aos atos normativos nacionais, com foco no processamento asséptico e controle de áreas limpas para a fabricação de medicamentos estéreis. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca abrangente nos endereços eletrônicos de órgãos de regulação sanitária e bases de dados científicas para recuperação de material sobre o assunto. Com a publicação do Anexo 1 do EMA, existe uma grande tendência de atualização das normas brasileiras relacionadas às boas práticas de fabricação de medicamentos. Quando comparado aos atos normativos atuais, a citar a RDC 658/2022 e IN 35/2019, diante da publicação do Anexo I do EMA, pode ser observado um alto impacto normativo, seja pelo maior detalhamento de itens importantes, seja pela introdução de novas exigências. Seguindo as premissas das Boas Práticas de Fabricação, espera-se que os estabelecimentos aprimorem cada vez mais os seus processos, de forma complementar às normativas, visando a mitigação dos riscos inerentes a qualquer processo de fabricação, a fim de disponibilizar medicamentos seguros e eficazes a toda a populaçã.
SATISFAÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS DO CLIENTE SOBRE A QUALIDADE DO ATENDIMENTO DE UM LABORATÓRIO CLÍNICO
Authors: Hormann Carolina Girard , Zanette Kênia Darós , Martinello Flavia 
Published: October 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a satisfação e perspectivas dos clientes sobre a qualidade do atendimento de um laboratório clínico privado acreditado. Um questionário de pesquisa de satisfação de clientes foi elaborado, validado e utilizado como ferramenta para avaliar a opinião de 319 participantes, selecionados aleatoriamente, em relação aos atributos da qualidade de um laboratório clínico privado. Os atributos avaliados em escala Likert foram analisados pelo ranking médio (RM) e os demais por estatística descritiva. A correlação entre os dados também foi avaliada estatisticamente. 59% dos participantes eram do sexo feminino, tinha entre 31 e 50 anos, foi ao laboratório para realizar exames de rotina e escolheu o laboratório por indicação médica. Os RM dos atributos da recepção e coleta foram, em escala Likert, superiores a 4,9. Na opinião dos clientes, o atributo que possui mais influência na escolha do laboratório clínico é a qualificação dos profissionais e o que menos interfere é a localização. Foi observado que os clientes mais velhos têm maior probabilidade de recomendar o laboratório. E que o tempo de espera é um dos pontos a serem melhorados. Ainda, 99% dos clientes estavam satisfeitos com os serviços do laboratório. Fato que não reflete, necessariamente, a qualidade técnica do laboratório, que é demonstrada pelos selos de qualidade e acreditação do laboratório clínico. Contudo, apenas 59% dos clientes relataram conhecimento do significado dos termos acreditação e selo de qualidade.
MORFOANATOMÍA COMPARADA DE DOS ESPECIES DE “JAGUARETÉ KA’A” – BACCHARIS CRISPA SPRENG. Y B. TRIMERA (LESS.) DC. (ASTERACEAE) – UTILIZADAS CON FINES MEDICINALES EN PARAGUAY
Authors: López Grau Ever José , Degen de Arrúa Rosa Luisa , González Yenny 
Published: October 2023

No Paraguai, as espécies medicinais são utilizadas como preventivas ou mesmo, como curativas; elas podem tratar diferentes doenças, sendo as mais frequentes as afecções digestivas, respiratórias e crônicas. Neste contexto, encontram-se as espécies conhecidas como “jaguareteka’a” Baccharis crispa e B. trimera, que são usadas com fins medicinais no Paraguai. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar estas duas espécies através das descrições exo e endomorfológicas como aporte para a sua correta identificação. Para isso, foram feitas colheitas das espécies, do Jardim de aclimatação da Faculdade de Ciências Químicas da Universidade Nacional de Asunción, Paraguai. As mesmas foram processadas no departamento de botânica, para os estudos morfológicos e anatômicos dos caules alados de ambas espécies e elaborou-se umquadro comparativo destescarateres. Destacam-se comoprincipaiscarateres da diferenciação os seguintes: um maior desenvolvimento da região vascular no caule da B. crispa, em relação a B. trimera; por outro lado, naveia marginal de B. trimera pode-se observar uma cavidade secretora, enquanto que a veia marginal da B. crispa nãoa presenta nenhuma. Além disso, as duas espécies apresentam carateres comuns, como tricomas glandulares e aglandulares do tipo ninho. Desta maneira, determinaram-se os carateres exo e endomorfologicos dos caules alados das duas espécies estudadas, com o fim de contribuir com a identificação das espécies vegetais usadas com fins medicinais no Paraguai.
Elongational flow mixing: A novel innovative approach to elaborate high-performance SBR-based elastomer compounds
Authors: Faverjon Chloé , Yousfi Mohamed , Parajua-sejil Caroline , Truchot Vivien , Duchet-Rumeau Jannick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A dominant extensional flow mixing device (Reactor/Elongational Flow MiXer; RMX) was used to prepare styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/silica nanocomposites with high physical performances. First, the processing parameters such as the temperature, number of mixing cycles, and sequenced mixing protocol have been optimized. Thereafter, the morphological structure of different compounds was probed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The prediction of the flow properties during processing of uncured materials were modeled using the dynamic and capillary rheometry. The thermo-mechanical sweep behavior of the as-prepared silica-filled SBR specimens was also investigated. By comparing with SBR/silica compounds prepared by the internal mixer, it was proven that elongational flow mixing process can not only reduce mixing energy consumption but also make the manufactured parts to have high state of dispersion, excellent viscoelastic properties, high extensional and yield stresses, and high elastic and rubbery moduli. This study highlights the potential of the elongational flow mixing as an innovative processing approach which is compatible with the industrial expectations for the fast manufacturing of high-performance silica and carbon black filled rubber compounds.