bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership perspectives on diverse student needs at three urban community colleges in the south
Authors: Callaway Collin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban community colleges provide access to postsecondary education's most diverse and underserved student populations. Students enrolled in these institutions often face academic, financial, and social challenges that shrink their odds of success. Leaders from three urban community colleges in the Southern United States shared the importance of addressing these students’ unique needs to improve student outcomes. Relationship building, reimagining institutional efforts, and seeking campus‐wide commitments were cited as ways that administrative leaders can remove both tangible and intangible barriers thwarting underserved students’ success.
Perforation of the terminal ileum caused by brucellosis: A case report
Authors: Wang Chun , Yang Xiaoran , Zhou Jia , Liu Xu , Yang Yong , Li Xuzhao 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageBrucellosis, caused by gram‐negative coccobacilli of the genus Brucella, is a zoonotic disease with bone and joint complications being common. However, acute abdomen with intestinal perforation is rare. We present a case of a 69‐year‐old man diagnosed with acute diffuse peritonitis and intestinal perforation due to Brucella infection. Surgical intervention revealed ileocecal perforation with wheel spoke‐like necrosis. The patient underwent partial resection, ileum closure, and ileostomy. Positive blood culture and Brucella agglutination confirmed the diagnosis. Targeted tetracycline and aminoglycoside treatment led to recovery.
A rare case of Balo's disease in a young adult: A clinical presentation and management
Authors: Singh Mansi , Almusleh Abeer , Mandru Geethika , Sahu Snigdh , Akuma Ogbonnaya , Akuma Chinaza Mercy , Desai Brinda , Nigam Archit Kumar , Sandhiya F. N. U. , Singh Manjeet , Khan Aadil Mahmood 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageAccurate diagnosis of rare neurological conditions like Balo's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is challenging but crucial for tailored treatment. Interdisciplinary collaboration and further research are essential to advance our understanding.AbstractThis case report presents a 32‐year‐old female patient with a puzzling neurological condition characterized by feverish feelings, joint pain, unclear speech, and an unsteady gait. Initial management did not lead to improvement, and further examination revealed neurological involvement and joint tenderness without signs of inflammatory arthritis. Laboratory investigations ruled out infectious and autoimmune causes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed well‐defined lesions with concentric rings, leading to a diagnosis of Balo' concentric sclerosis. Treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone resulted in limited improvement. This case highlights the importance of thorough evaluation and collaboration in diagnosing rare neurological conditions. Further research is needed to enhance the understanding and treatment of rare neurological disorders.
Surgical management of complex lumbosacral anomaly with minimally invasive spinal fusion: A clinical image
Authors: Kapetanakis Stylianos , Chaniotakis Constantinos , Bladowska Joanna , Gkantsinikoudis Nikolaos 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageLumbosacral junction anomalies represent a rather frequent finding in patients with low back pain. Involved healthcare professionals should be familiar with these dysplasias, in order to achieve proper diagnosis and optimize clinical outcomes.AbstractDysplastic alterations in lumbosacral junction represent a frequent finding in patients with low back pain. Lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV), spina bifida occulta (SBO) and isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) present recognized etiologies of low back pain. Herein, we present a rare case of concurrent presence of LSTV, SBO and IS in a middle‐aged male individual who was presented with low back pain in our department. Considering the resistant to conservative treatment symptomatology in conjunction with clinical‐radiologic presence of segmental instability, patient was subjected to uneventful minimally invasive lumbosacral fusion featuring complete recession of symptomatology directly postoperatively with no signs of recurrence until 6 months follow‐up. To our best knowledge, coexistence of LSTV, IS and SBO in lumbosacral junction has never been described in contemporary literature. Whenever surgery is indicated, minimally invasive spinal fusion may be considered as a safe and effective alternative in these cases.
The importance of improving cognitive flexibility in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: The case for cognitive remediation therapy
Authors: Timko C. Alix , Schnabel Jiana , Orloff Natalia C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveInefficiencies in executive functioning (EF), more specifically cognitive flexibility and an overly detailed processing style, are frequently observed in individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and have been identified as potential targets in treatment. Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) is an adjunctive treatment approach specifically designed to have a positive impact on EF. Mainly evaluated in adults, CRT has been criticized for its perceived ineffectiveness in promoting weight restoration or directly reducing eating disorder symptoms.MethodWe argue that we need to refocus our conceptual framework for using CRT as an adjunctive treatment and specifically explore its potential benefit in adolescents.ResultsAdolescence is a critical window for EF development during which CRT has the potential to have the most impact. While it may not specifically ameliorate eating disorder symptoms and directly improve weight gain, CRT may mitigate the impact of malnutrition on adolescent brain development, reduce attrition rates in treatment, and improve cognitive flexibility and (indirectly) other maintaining factors, thereby improving global functioning.DiscussionMore research needs to be done to understand the development of EF in adolescents with AN and how best to employ CRT as an adjunctive treatment to support development and target maintaining factors. The current article broadly reviews findings on executive functioning inefficiencies in adolescents with AN and discusses the purpose and role of CRT in treating AN. Finally, we highlight key critiques of using CRT and pose questions for future research.Public SignificanceTreatments targeting executive functioning in adolescents with AN are limited. We need to better understand how CRT can benefit adolescents in treatment. Increasing treatment options, including adjunctive treatments, is necessary to reduce the long‐term impact of AN.
Tracking colloidal silica particles to evaluate their dispersion and interactions in concentrated suspensions under shear force applications
Authors: Saeed Mohazzam , Otsuki Akira , Hermes Michiel , Hassan Ali Zain ul , Aziz Abdullah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to characterize interactions within colloidal silica particles in their concentrated suspensions, using rheo‐confocal measurements and imaging, followed by image analysis. We studied the effect of shear rate (0–500 s–1) and solution pH (6, 10) on the dispersion degree of colloidal silica particles via the determination and comparison of interparticle distances and their modeling. Images corresponding to different shear rates were analyzed to identify the coordinates of the particles. These coordinates were further analyzed to calculate the distance among the particles and then their surface‐to‐surface distance normalized by the particle diameter (H/D). It was found that the population of the particles per unit area of the image and H/D varied with increasing shear rate. The comparison between experimentally measured and theoretically calculated H/D identified that for some particles, the former was shorter than the latter, indicating the unexpected attractions among them against the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Then, the modification of previously reported equations for H/D was suggested and confirmed its validity. Assuming pair potential interaction and hydrodynamic interaction were the main non‐DLVO interactions, their magnitudes were calculated and confirmed the significance of pH and shear application strength on particle dispersion/coagulation.
Veterinarians exposed to inhaled anesthetic present chromosome damage, apoptosis and cell cycle changes
Authors: Braz Mariana G. , Figueiredo Drielle B. S. , Golim Marjorie A. , Grassi Tony F. , da Costa Bruno R. B. , De Martinis Bruno S. , Braz Leandro G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis cross‐sectional study evaluated, for the first time, DNA damage, viability, and cell death of lymphocytes and cell cycle phases of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells in veterinarians exposed to the volatile anesthetic isoflurane. Veterinarians who were occupationally exposed to isoflurane (exposed group; n = 20) and matched‐unexposed individuals (volunteers without occupational exposure; n = 20) were enrolled in the study. DNA damage was assessed in lymphocytes by micronucleus (MN) and phosphorylated histone gamma‐H2AX (γ‐H2AX). Cell viability, cytotoxicity, and the cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. Isoflurane was detected in urine samples by headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Compared with unexposed subjects, veterinarians occupationally exposed to isoflurane (25.7 ± 23.7 μg/L urine) presented statistically higher MN frequencies, lymphocytic apoptosis rates, and numbers of polymorphonuclear cells in the G0/G1 stage. Additionally, the exposed group presented statistically lower proportions of viable lymphocytes and G2/M polymorphonuclear cells. Our findings indicate that veterinarians who are frequently exposed to inhaled anesthetic exhibit chromosomal and cell damage in addition to changes in peripheral blood cell proliferation.
Using music and music‐based analysis to model and to classify terrain in geomorphology
Authors: Lin Siwei , Yu Yang , Chen Nan , Shen Rui , Wang Xianyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMusic has long served as a bridge between science and nature, allowing for the artistic expression of natural and human‐made phenomena. While music has been used in geomorphology as an engaging teaching strategy, its application in specific scientific inquiries within geomorphology remains relatively unexplored. Drawing on the morphological similarities between music and terrain relief, this work introduced a novel music‐based method for modelling and expressing terrain relief based on the drainage basin profile (DBP). It converts terrain relief into pitches and time values according to mapping rules and then describes terrain relief in an audible form. Based on 5 sample areas and 360 drainage basins on the Loess Plateau, we developed the application of the proposed method on four core geomorphic tasks, including landform interpretation, analysis, recognition and classification. Experimental results show that (1) terrain music can interpret the terrain relief and landform evolution processes through its musical structure and rhythmic variations; (2) music derivatives are related to different terrain features, such as terrain relief, terrain variation intensity, landform evolution degree and terrain complexity, and have a well‐functioning relationship with a series of conventional terrain derivatives; (3) leveraging machine learning techniques, the terrain music method is effective for landform recognition, achieving an overall accuracy of 88.85% and a mean accuracy of 88.85%; and (4) via a case study in Northern Shaanxi, music modelling successfully divided it into 12 distinct landform regions and 8 landform types. Different landform regions exhibit clear regional boundaries and gradual transition zones, while specific landform regions share prominent terrain, spatial clustering and landform processes. Our delineation provides reasonable and effective landform differentiation but captures additional bed‐rock mountain features compared with a traditional method. This study highlights that music is not only an artistic expression but also a valuable research paradigm for a wide range of geomorphic tasks, offering fresh perspectives and enhancing our understanding of loess landforms. The results show a promising effort to integrate music theory into practical geomorphic tasks, demonstrating the potential of using music as a medium for conveying and analysing spatial information in geomorphology.
Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and transcriptome profiling identify QTLs and candidate genes associated with heat stress response during reproductive development in Camelina sativa
Authors: Smith Brian E. , Kemmer Sunny , Decker Samuel , Lu Chaofu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCamelina sativa (L.) Crantz is a low‐input oilseed crop that has great potential in providing sustainable feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts. Climate change is threatening production of camelina with rising global temperatures. Elucidating the genetic response to high temperatures is essential for successful breeding of heat‐tolerant camelina varieties. Here, we report a combinatorial approach to identifying candidate genes associated with heat stress by quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and comparative transcriptome profiling. A population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was grown in a controlled growth chamber under the high‐temperature regimes for 14 days beginning at the onset of the reproductive stage. Several traits related to seed production were evaluated at maturity. The QTL analysis identified several regions with co‐located traits on chromosomes 8, 10, and 12. Two RILs with contrasting phenotypic responses to heat stress were chosen for gene expression profiling via RNA sequencing. Multiple pathways and genes were found to be strongly affected by heat stress, and many genes expressed differently between the two RILs. Several genes identified within the QTL regions were considered strong candidates that may control heat tolerance during reproduction in camelina. These studies provide resources for future studies that may assist in improving the heat tolerance of camelina.
Modeling the effects of Brexit on the British economy
Authors: Minford Patrick , Zhu Zheyi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe estimate the short run effects of Brexit border disruption on the UK economy. We estimate a structural VAR for the UK, where Brexit effects are identified by the dates of Brexit events, the referendum, and the exit from the single market. We find evidence of short run effects of Brexit: temporary effects on GDP, exports and imports (slightly negative), and on inflation and interest rates (slightly positive). These effects are consistent with modest disruption from introducing a border with the EU—a border due to be made barrier‐free and seamless by the UK‐EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement. Previous work using other countries as comparators is vulnerable to identification difficulties. We also survey earlier modeling work on the long run effects of evolving policies of free trade, UK‐sourced regulation, and liberalized immigration. Models of long run trade suggest the emergence of substantial gains.
Optimization of a gluten‐free sponge cake formulation based on quinoa, oleaster, and pumpkin flour using mixture design methodology
Authors: Madadi Mahshad , Roshanak Sahar , Shahidi Fakhri , Varidi Mohammad Javad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGluten‐free bakery products are the definitive solution for people with celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. In this study, the production of gluten‐free sponge cake was optimized using a mixture design methodology. Effects of the amount of ingredients, including quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) (6–10 g), oleaster (Eleagnus Angustifolia) (1–2 g), and pumpkin powder (Cucurbita moschata) (1–4 g) on the physicochemical characteristics and sensory qualities (color, flavor, cutability, texture, appearance, and overall acceptability) of cakes were investigated. Significant regression models that explained the effects of different amounts of flour on all response variables were determined. The proposed model in this study had high and (adj). Therefore, the model was approved for fitting information. Finally, a gluten‐free sponge cake recipe was formulated using 1 g of oleaster flour, 1 g of pumpkin, and 10 g of quinoa flour to achieve the desired sensory quality.
Evolution of water extraction technology (spring tunnels) in the Southern Levant during the last three millennia
Authors: Yechezkel Azriel , Frumkin Amos , Edwards R. Lawrence , Li Xianglei , Leibner Uzi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA spring tunnel is an ancient water installation used to artificially increase the water yield of a spring through a subterranean tunnel. We have developed a database of 216 spring tunnels documented in the central region of the Southern Levant (present‐day Israel), constructed between Iron Age II and the modern era. The study focuses on the evolution of this water installation over a period of 2500 years, examining these constructions from technological, typological, spatial, and cultural perspectives. Within the larger database, 132 spring tunnels have been mapped, from which we present 36 examples selected to outline the typology and chronology of this type of water installation. The findings of the study indicate a diachronic correlation between the distribution of settlement in the mountain region and the number and geographical distribution of spring tunnels. Ethnic and religious changes, and the complexity of the mountain region's population, are also reflected in the use of these water installations. The comprehensive water structure database presented in this article, from a peripheral, yet strategically located region in relation both to the Far East and to West Mediterranean Empires, is used for initial consideration of local initiatives versus the knowledge‐transfer process.
Evaluating knowledge, habits, and beliefs regarding dietary supplements as a protective measure against COVID‐19 in Malaysia and Iraq: A postsecond wave cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Mohammed Ali Haider , Hassan Bassam Abdul Rasool , Blebil Ali , Dujaili Juman , Wayyes Abdulrasool M. , Abdulhamid Osama Ayad , Salih Humam Saadi , AL‐Jewari Watheq Mohammed , Hassan Hawar Sardar , Lim Angelina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic brought to the forefront various public health approaches, including the consumption of dietary supplements (DS) as a protective measure. With misinformation regarding the virus and the associated benefits of DS prevalent, this study aimed to understand knowledge, habits, and beliefs related to DS usage as a protective measure during the pandemic in Malaysia and Iraq, two countries with deep‐rooted traditions in herbal and supplement usage.MethodsA cross‐sectional research study was conducted between September 2021 and March 2022 using a validated online survey. The participants included Malaysians and Iraqis aged 18 years and above who currently consume DS. Using the SurveyMonkey® platform, data were collected from 2425 respondents (response rate = 60.6%), with analysis carried out using SPSS version 28.ResultsDemographically, the sample had an almost equal distribution of Malaysians (51%) and Iraqis (49%), with a mean age of 30.61. The majority had tertiary education (78.6%), and only a fraction had been infected with COVID‐19 (26.2%). Concerning knowledge, a significant portion exhibited poor understanding (84.2%) of DS's functioning and implications. Regarding habits, many respondents consumed multivitamins (75.2%), with influence largely coming from peers (23.5%) and product leaflets (46.7%). Belief‐wise, about half (49.2%) utilized herbal or supplemental products as a protective measure during the pandemic, with vitamin C with zinc being the most commonly used (45.4%).ConclusionThe study underlines a significant inclination towards DS usage in Malaysia and Iraq, influenced by societal connections and available information. While many believe in the protective capacities of DS against COVID‐19, a substantial knowledge gap persists. It emphasizes the need for evidence‐based awareness campaigns and policies to guide public health decisions.
Effect analysis on waste recycling by introducing a new policy, “Environmental Assessment of Recycling,” for establishment of the ESG management system in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Yoo Heung-Min , Kang Jang-Hyun , Lee Sun-Ju , Jang Su-Han , Yoon Young-Sam , Kang Youngyeul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To move away from linear system mining–manufacture–production–disposal, most countries have been trying to establish a circular economy, by reusing waste as resources. Responding to this paradigm change, the Ministry of Environment of Korea amended the Wastes Control Act in the 2010s. To increase the recycling rate in Korea, the environmental assessment of recycling (EAR) has been introduced to improve the Wastes Control Act. The whole process of new recycling technologies can be assessed in terms of environmental or technical aspects by assessment institutes of the EAR. Finally, the governmental research institute can approve of an application case, which proves environmental friendliness, even if the technology is not defined in the current act. Recently, 17 companies have been coassessed and approved to recycle steel codes in waste tires as resources for iron smelting via assessments of the whole process, such as environmental analysis and quality assessment. The EAR has been enforcing recycling materials for six years, and the total profit of the companies that were approved was estimated to be approximately 55 million USD. However, many amendments to the EAR continue to be requested by stakeholders. In this study, the effect of the EAR was evaluated, and additional tasks were found to enhance the EAR. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1473–1485. © 2024 SETAC
Key Points
After the amendment of the Wastes Control Act, the number of assessment institutes increased from one to three. The amounts of recycled materials are 2.4 Mt of contact media type and 0.69 Mt/year of noncontact media type, and the profit of the companies was estimated at approximately 55 million USD.
Three cases of systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with ischemic stroke as the initial symptom: Case reports and literature review
Authors: Li Na , Liu Xiaoxia , Wu Pengjia , Liu Jun , Chen Pengyu , Zeng Jiashun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIschemic stroke constitutes a grave complication within the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), typically manifesting several years postdiagnosis of SLE. Incidents where ischemic stroke precedes and acts as an initial symptom of SLE are comparatively rare in its early stages, and such presentations are frequently misdiagnosed as ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, posing significant diagnostic challenges.Case ReportsThis article presents three cases of young females in whom ischemic stroke emerged as the initial manifestation of SLE. It incorporates a review of 17 case reports published over the past two decades, focusing on patients with SLE where ischemic stroke was a primary symptom. This discussion encompasses the clinical presentation, outcomes, and therapeutic approaches for these patients.ConclusionIn young patients, particularly females presenting with ischemic stroke and especially in cases accompanied by hematologic or multisystemic involvement, there should be heightened vigilance for SLE‐induced ischemic stroke. Early diagnosis and treatment significantly enhance patients' quality of life and survival rates.