bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Impacts of Southern Annular Mode and Zonal Wave 3 on Antarctic Sea Ice Variability
Authors: Eabry Michael D. , Goyal Rishav , Taschetto Andréa S. , Hobbs Will , Sen Gupta Alex 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Large-scale modes of atmospheric variability in the southern midlatitudes can influence Antarctic sea ice concentrations (SIC) via diverse processes. For instance, variability in both the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and zonal wave 3 (ZW3) have been linked to the abrupt 2015/16 sea ice decline. While SIC responses to each of SAM and ZW3 have been examined previously, their interaction and synchronous impact on Antarctic sea ice has not. Here, we investigate SAM/ZW3 interactions and their associated combined impacts on Antarctic sea ice using a 1200-yr simulation from a state-of-the-art climate model. Our results suggest that zonal wind anomalies associated with SAM drive SIC anomalies in the marginal ice-zone via advection of ice normal to the ice edge and Ekman drift. In contrast, meridional wind anomalies associated with ZW3 can have opposing dynamic and thermodynamic effects on SIC. Both SAM- and ZW3-related SIC anomalies propagate eastward, likely by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The interaction of SAM and ZW3 leads to interesting regional SIC responses. During negative SAM, ZW3-associated meridional wind anomalies across western Antarctica are closer to the ice edge and have a stronger impact on sea ice overall. ZW3 phase affects meridional wind anomalies across the whole ice edge, whereas it affects SIC anomalies mainly over western Antarctica. In parts of eastern Antarctica, SIC anomalies are less sensitive to ZW3 phase, but are sensitive to SAM, particularly in locations where the ice edge has a prominent angle relative to the SAM-related zonal wind anomalies.

Significance Statement
The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and zonal wave 3 (ZW3) are large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns affecting midlatitude east–west and north–south winds, respectively, over the Southern Ocean. Variations in winds can affect sea ice formation, which can feed back to influence Southern Hemisphere climate. We examine how variations in SAM and ZW3 affect Antarctic sea ice due to a combination of wind- and ocean-driven ice movement and sea ice growth or melting. Regional variations in ice concentrations are due both to alternating north–south ZW3 winds and to the interaction of SAM-related east–west winds with the ice edge. SAM and ZW3 can also interact, leading to stronger north–south wind and sea ice responses over western Antarctica when SAM-related midlatitude winds weaken.
Influences of the South American Low-Level Jet on the Convective Environment in Central Argentina Using a Convection-Permitting Simulation
Authors: Sasaki Clayton R. S. , Rowe Angela K. , McMurdie Lynn A. , Varble Adam C. , Zhang Zhixiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study documents the spatial and temporal distribution of the South American low-level jet (SALLJ) and quantifies its impact on the convective environment using a 6.5-month convection-permitting simulation during the Remote Sensing of Electrification, Lightning, And Mesoscale/Microscale Processes with Adaptive Ground Observations and Clouds, Aerosols, and Complex Terrain Interactions (RELAMPAGO-CACTI) campaigns. Overall, the simulation reproduces the observed SALLJ characteristics in central Argentina near the Sierras de Córdoba (SDC), a focal point for terrain-focused upscale growth. SALLJs most frequently occur in the summer with maxima to the northwest and east of the SDC and minima over the higher terrain. The shallower SALLJs (<1750 m) have a strong overnight skew, while the elevated jets are more equally spread throughout the day. SALLJ periods often have higher amounts of low-level moisture and instability compared to non-SALLJ periods, with these impacts increasing over time when the SALLJ is present and decreasing afterward. The SALLJ may enhance low-level wind shear magnitudes (particularly when accounting for the jet height); however, enhancement is somewhat limited due to the presence of speed shear in most situations. SALLJ periods are associated with low-level directional shear favorable for organized convection and an orientation of cloud-layer wind shear parallel to the terrain, which could favor upscale growth. A case study is shown in which the SALLJ influenced both the magnitude and direction of wind shear concurrent with convective upscale growth near the SDC. This study highlights the complex relationship between the SALLJ and its impacts during periods of widespread convection.

Significance Statement
Areas of enhanced low-level winds, or low-level jets, likely promote favorable conditions for upscale growth, the processes by which storms grow larger. Central Argentina is an ideal place to study the influence of low-level jets on upscale growth as storms often stay connected to the Sierras de Córdoba Mountain range, growing over a relatively small area. This study uses model data to describe the distribution and impact of the South American low-level jet on the storm environment. The South American low-level jet is frequently found near the Sierras de Córdoba, and moisture and convective instability increase when it is present. However, the jet’s impact on other conditions important for upscale growth, such as vertical wind shear, is not as straightforward.
Why Livelihoods Matter in the Gendering of Household Water Insecurity
Authors: Nébié Elisabeth Kago Ilboudo , Brewis Alexandra , Wutich Amber , Pérenne Yogo , Magassa Kadidiatou 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
One of the most pressing and immediate climate concerns globally is inadequate and unsafe household water. The livelihoods of smallholder crop and livestock farmers are especially vulnerable to these challenges. Past research suggests that water insecurity is highly gendered, and women are theorized to be more aware of and impacted by water insecurity than men. Our study reengages this literature through a livelihood lens, comparing gendered perception of household water insecurity across crop and livestock subsistence modalities in a semiarid region of Burkina Faso in the Sahel region of West Africa, where water insecurity is closely intertwined with both seasonality and rainfall unpredictability. Our mixed-methods ethnographic study sampled matched men and women in households with water insecurity data collected from 158 coresident spousal pairs who engaged primarily in pastoralism or agriculture. Contrary to predictions from the existing literature, men engaged in livestock husbandry perceived greater water insecurity than matched women in the same household. We suggest this reflects men’s responsibility for securing water for the animals—which consume most of the household’s water among livestock farmers. In contrast, men engaged in cropping perceive less water insecurity than women in the same household, aligning with predictions from past research. Our findings suggest that the relationship between gender and water insecurity is more highly nuanced and related to livelihood strategies than previously recognized, with significant implications for how water insecurity is conceptualized theoretically and methodologically in the contexts of people’s everyday management and experience of the most immediate and proximate climate-related challenges.
Application of five risk stratification tools for syncope in older adults
Authors: Mu Hong , Liu Jiexin , Huang Cheng , Tang Hefei , Li Sisi , Dong Chang , Yang Tiecheng , Liu Limin , Xu Bin 
Published: January 2024

Objective Treatment of syncope in older adults places a burden on healthcare systems. We used five risk stratification tools to predict short-term adverse outcomes in older patients with syncope. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients with syncope (age ≥60 years) in the emergency department of an urban academic hospital. The data were evaluated using the Risk Stratification of Syncope in the Emergency Department (ROSE), San Francisco Syncope Rule (SFSR), FAINT, Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS), and Boston Syncope Criteria (BSC) tools. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive value (NPV), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of each tool were calculated and compared for adverse events within 1 month. Results In total, 221 patients (average age 75.6 years) were analyzed. Fifty-nine patients (26.7%) had experienced an adverse event within 1 month. For the ROSE, SFSR, FAINT, CSRS and BSC tools, sensitivities were 81.3%, 76.3%, 93.2%, 71.2%, and 94.9%, specificities were 88.3%, 87.7%, 56.8%, 71.6%, and 67.3%, and NPVs were 92.9%, 91.0%, 95.8%, 87.2%, and 97.3%, respectively. Conclusion The five assessed tools could be useful for physicians in screening older patients with syncope for the risk of short-term adverse events, according to the patient’s actual situation.
Comparison of Machine Learning and Logic Regression Algorithms for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A two-Center Study
Authors: Lu Tong , Fang Yu , Liu Haonan , Chen Chong , Li Taotao , Lu Miao , Song Daqing 
Published: January 2024

Objectives This two-center study aimed to establish a model for predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients using machine learning (ML) and logistic regression (LR) algorithms, and to evaluate its predictive performance in clinical practice. Methods Data of a total of 369 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Department of General Surgery of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (Xuzhou, China) from March 2016 to November 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed as the training group. In addition, data of 123 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Department of General Surgery of Jining First People's Hospital (Jining, China) were collected and analyzed as the verification group. Besides, 7 ML and logistic models were developed, including decision tree, random forest, support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), naive Bayes, neural network, and LR, in order to evaluate the occurrence of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer. The ML model was established following 10 cross-validation iterations within the training dataset, and subsequently, each model was assessed using the test dataset. The model's performance was evaluated by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of each model. Results Compared with the traditional logistic model, among the 7 ML algorithms, except for SVM, the other models exhibited higher accuracy and reliability, and the influences of various risk factors on the model were more intuitive. Conclusion For the prediction of lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients, the ML algorithm outperformed traditional LR, and the GBM algorithm exhibited the most robust predictive capability.
Risk and benefits of penile length preservation techniques during penile prosthesis implantation: a systematic review by the young academic urologists sexual and reproductive health working group
Authors: Falcone Marco , Preto Mirko , Morgado Afonso Ribeiro , Sokolakis Ioannis , Sarıkaya Selçuk , Capece Marco , Capogrosso Paolo , Manfredi Celeste , Tsampoukas Georgios , Russo Giorgio 
Published: January 2024

Background: Penile shortening, frequently resulting from end-stage Peyronie’s disease (PD), has a negative impact on patients’ sexual activity and overall quality of life, especially when accompanied by Erectile dysfunction (ED). Various surgical techniques have been described to manage concomitant ED and penile shortening through penile prosthesis (PP) implantation. Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and risks of different penile length preservation techniques during PP implantation. Design: A systematic review of the available literature on the use of penile length preservation maneuvers in conjunction with PP implantation was conducted. Data sources and methods: For this systematic review, three databases (Medline, Embase and Cochrane) and clinical trial.gov were queried for relevant publications from 1 January 1990 to 1 September 2022. The review process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Results: The qualitative analysis included 15 relevant articles involving 1186 adult patients who underwent penile length preservation techniques during PP implantation. Penile lengthening of 1–7 cm was reported. Overall, postoperative complications were described in up to 21.7% of cases. Only five studies reported functional outcomes, showing a significant improvement in postoperative period based on the administered questionnaire (e.g. IIEF – International Index of Erectile Function, EDITS – Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction). Conclusion: Penile length preservation procedures appear to offer a viable option for managing acquired penile shortening, particularly in cases of PD. However, they are associated with a significant risk of complications. Proper patient selection, thorough discussion of risks and benefits, and referral to high-volume centers are mandatory to achieve optimal outcomes and minimizing complications. Trial registration: PROSPERO database registration CRD42022360758.
Comparison of the Acute Postoperative Complications Between Isolated Talonavicular Versus Talonavicular and Subtalar (Double) Arthrodesis in Flatfoot Deformity
Authors: Bakaes Yianni , Gonzalez Tyler , Hardin James W. , Jackson J. Benjamin 
Published: January 2024

Background Both isolated talonavicular arthrodesis and talonavicular and subtalar (such as double) arthrodesis can be effective treatments for adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) with good success rates, but double arthrodesis has become more commonly performed in recent years. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether isolated talonavicular versus talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis led to significantly different 30-day postoperative complication rates in patients with AAFD. Methods We performed a retrospective review to identify a large cohort of adult patients with the diagnosis of AAFD or posterior tibial tendon deformity (PTTD) who underwent isolated talonavicular or talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis between 2006 and 2020 from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). To investigate whether there was a difference in complication rate between the 2 surgical cohorts, we estimated logistic regression models and log-binomial models on each of the outcomes while also adjusting for sex and age. Results We found that there was no significant difference in the rate of major complications (P = .567) or readmissions (P = .567) between patients who underwent isolated talonavicular versus talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis for AAFD. However, there was a significantly higher rate of minor complications in patients who underwent isolated talonavicular arthrodesis when compared with patients who underwent talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis (P = .009). Conclusion This study found that there was no increased risk of 30-day postoperative complications or readmissions with talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis when compared with isolated talonavicular arthrodesis for AAFD. In addition, there was no increased risk of major complications for talonavicular and subtalar arthrodesis when compared with isolated talonavicular arthrodesis, and isolated talonavicular arthrodesis actually carried a higher risk of minor complications for this surgical cohort. This may provide valuable information for surgeons considering surgical treatment for a particular case of AAFD. Level of Evidence: Level III
Deoxycholic Acid for Submental Convexity: A MAUDE Database Analysis
Authors: Gibson Anna Celeste , Kompelli Anvesh , Saadi Carissa , Patel Vijay A. , Saadi Robert A. , Shokri Tom 
Published: January 2024

Study Design The study was a retrospective cross-sectional database analysis. Objective Deoxycholic acid (DOC) injections are a novel, in-office procedural alternative to submental liposuction or submentoplasty to address excess submental fat. Post-market safety data regarding this treatment is currently limited. The objective of this study is to analyze adverse events reported in the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database. Methods The MAUDE database was queried for all reports related to adverse events involving deoxycholic acid using the search terms “KYBELLA” and “deoxycholic acid.” Reports were individually reviewed by 2 reviewers and categorized with special attention to adverse events. Results A total of 34 medical device reports were identified from the database query. Thirteen of these reports (21 total events) were included in the analysis after excluding duplicates, unrelated adverse events, or events associated with the off-label use of DOC. Reported adverse events include excessive swelling (n = 5, 24%), marginal mandibular nerve weakness (n = 4, 19%), unsatisfactory aesthetic outcome (n = 4, 19%), numbness (n = 3, 14%), dysphagia (n = 1, 5%), infection (n = 1, 5%), and skin necrosis (n = 3, 14%). Two patients required hospitalization for skin necrosis management; both had underlying systemic diseases. Conclusions Adverse events following DOC injections included excessive swelling, dysphagia, numbness, infection, unsatisfactory aesthetic outcome, facial nerve weakness, and skin necrosis requiring hospitalization and/or surgery. Patient counseling regarding these adverse events should be discussed when offering DOC injections for submental convexity.
Implementation of a retinal stroke-code protocol results in visual recovery in patients receiving reperfusion therapies
Authors: Bustamante Alejandro , Balboa Marta , Ezcurra Garbiñe , Sánchez-Fortún Adrián , Ruiz Judith , Castellví Jordi , Castillo-Acedo Susana , Matas Èric , Bouchikh Rachid , Martínez-Sánchez Marina , Castaño Carlos , Remollo Sebastiá , Werner Mariano , Salgado Maria Carmen , Villodres Samuel , Gea Mireia , Millán Mònica , Pérez de la Ossa Natàlia , Ruiz-Bilbao Susana 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Reperfusion therapies represent promising treatments for patients with Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO), but access is limited due to low incidence and lack of protocols. We aimed to describe the benefit of implementing a Retinal Stroke-Code protocol regarding access to reperfusion, visual acuity and aetiological assessment. Patients and methods: Prospective cohort study performed at a Comprehensive Stroke Centre. Criteria for activation were sudden monocular, painless vision loss within 6 h from onset. Eligible patients received IAT when immediately available and IVT otherwise. All patients were followed by ophthalmologists to assess best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and visual complications, and by neurologists for aetiological workup. Visual amelioration was defined as improvement of at least one Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter from baseline to 1 week. Results: Of 49 patients with CRAO, 15 (30.6%) received reperfusion therapies (12 IVT, 3 IAT). Presentation beyond 6 h was the main contraindication. Patients receiving reperfusion therapies had better rates of visual improvement (33.3% vs 5.9%, p = 0.022). There were no complications related to reperfusion therapies. Rates of neovascular glaucoma were non-significantly lower in patients receiving reperfusion therapies (13.3% vs 20.6%, p = 0.701). Similar rates of atherosclerotic, cardioembolic and undetermined aetiologies were observed, leading to 10 new diagnosed atrial fibrillation and five carotid revascularizations. Conclusion: A comprehensive acute management of CRAO is feasible despite low incidence. In our study, reperfusion therapies were safe and associated with higher rates of visual recovery. A similar etiological workup than ischemic stroke led to of high proportion of underlying aetiologies.
A review of pre-hospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its potential application in the North East of England
Authors: Jones Dominic , Daglish Fiona M. , Tanner Benjamin M. , Wilkie Fergus J. M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPatients in the UK who suffer an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the pre-hospital environment. Current survival outcomes are low in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique which is offered to patients in specialised centres which provides better blood flow and oxygen delivery than conventional chest compressions. Shortening the interval between cardiac arrest and restoration of circulation is associated with improved outcomes in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Delivering extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the pre-hospital environment can shorten this interval, improving outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This article will review recently published studies and summarise studies currently being undertaken in pre-hospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It will also discuss the potential application of a pre-hospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation programme in the North East of England.
Comparison of capture-based mtDNA sequencing performance between MGI and illumina sequencing platforms in various sample types
Authors: Feng Zehui , Peng Fan , Xie Fanfan , Liu Yang , Zhang Huanqin , Ma Jing , Xing Jinliang , Guo Xu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial genome abnormalities can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which in turn affects cellular biology and is closely associated with the development of various diseases. The demand for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing has been increasing, and Illumina and MGI are two commonly used sequencing platforms for capture-based mtDNA sequencing. However, there is currently no systematic comparison of mtDNA sequencing performance between these two platforms. To address this gap, we compared the performance of capture-based mtDNA sequencing between Illumina's NovaSeq 6000 and MGI's DNBSEQ-T7 using tissue, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, plasma, and urine samples.

Results
Our analysis indicated a high degree of consistency between the two platforms in terms of sequencing quality, GC content, and coverage. In terms of data output, DNBSEQ-T7 showed higher rates of clean data and duplication compared to NovaSeq 6000. Conversely, the amount of mtDNA data obtained by per gigabyte sequencing data was significantly lower in DNBSEQ-T7 compared to NovaSeq 6000. In terms of detection mtDNA copy number, both platforms exhibited good consistency in all sample types. When it comes to detection of mtDNA mutations in tissue, FFPE, and PBMC samples, the two platforms also showed good consistency. However, when detecting mtDNA mutations in plasma and urine samples, significant differenceof themutation number detected was observed between the two platforms. For mtDNA sequencing of plasma and urine samples, a wider range of DNA fragment size distribution was found in NovaSeq 6000 when compared to DNBSEQ-T7. Additionally, two platforms exhibited different characteristics of mtDNA fragment end preference.

Conclusions
In summary, the two platforms generally showed good consistency in capture-based mtDNA sequencing. However, it is necessary to consider the data preferences generated by two sequencing platforms when plasma and urine samples were analyzed.