bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening, library‐assisted identification and validated quantification of fifteen neuroleptics and three of their metabolites in plasma by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Authors: Kratzsch Carsten , Peters Frank T. , Kraemer Thomas , Weber Armin A. , Maurer Hans H. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric assay with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI‐LC/MS) is presented for the fast and reliable screening and identification and for the precise and sensitive quantification of 15 neuroleptic (antipsychotic) drugs and three of their relevant metabolites in plasma. It allows confirmation of the diagnosis of a neuroleptic overdose and monitoring of psychiatric patients' compliance. The neuroleptics amisulpride, bromperidol, clozapine, droperidol, flupenthixol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, melperone, olanzapine, perazine, pimozide, risperidone, sulpiride, zotepine and zuclopenthixol and the pharmacologically active metabolites norclozapine, clozapine N‐oxide and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone were extracted from plasma using solid‐phase extraction and were separated on a Merck LiChroCART column with Superspher 60 RP Select B as the stationary phase. Gradient elution was performed using aqueous ammonium formate and acetonitrile. After screening and identification in the scan mode using the authors' new LC/MS library, the neuroleptics were quantified in the selected‐ion mode. The quantification assay was fully validated. It was found to be selective and proved to be linear from sub‐therapeutic to over therapeutic concentrations for all analytes. The corresponding reference levels are listed. The accuracy and precision data were within the required limits. The analytes were stable in frozen plasma for at least 1 month. The method was successfully applied to several authentic plasma samples from patients treated or intoxicated with various neuroleptics. The validated LC/MS assay has proved to be appropriate for the isolation, separation, screening, identification and quantification of various neuroleptics in plasma for clinical toxicology and therapeutic drug monitoring purposes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aligned Nafion® Nanocomposites: Preparation and Morphological Characterization
Authors: Karthikeyan C. S. , Schossig M. , Radovanovic E. , Gonçalves M. C. , Wittich H. , Schulte K. , Nunes S. P. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA novel nanocomposite based on Nafion® (ionomer) and a layered silicate is studied. An innovative approach of processing a composite under electric field to induce orientation of the inorganic filler was carried out and accomplished in the present work. The morphology of oriented composites was analyzed by scanning electric potential microscopy (SEPM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Films based on both plain ionomer and composite displayed fine contrast in SEPM, differentiating the phases, which could not be achieved using conventional atomic force microscopy. The orientation of the silicates in the composites is evident from the SEPM picture.AFM of Nafion®/montmorillonite composite films prepared by solution casting under electric field (Image obtained by SEPM).magnified imageAFM of Nafion®/montmorillonite composite films prepared by solution casting under electric field (Image obtained by SEPM).
Intramolecular Spin Interactions through Cumulative Double Bonds
Authors: Yamagata Takehiro , Tukada Hideyuki , Kobayashi Keiji 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Cumulative double bonds were proved to act as a ferromagnetic spin coupler between both sides of π-conjugated spins, as investigated by temperature dependence of quintet ESR signals of three isomeric dinitrene species in which two spin centers are incorporated in a tetraphenylallene framework.
Surface Plasmon Resonance Study on the Interaction of Immobilized Macrocyclic Sugar Clusters with Lectins and Water-soluble Polymers
Authors: Hayashida Osamu , Shimizu Chikao , Fujimoto Tokako , Aoyama Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A surface plasmon resonance study indicates that an amphiphilic calix[4] resorcarene derivative having eight polar side chains with terminal galactose or glucose residues and four long alkyl chains are immobilized on a hydrophobic sensor chip; the resulting monolayer of the sugar moieties, exposed to the bulk aqueous phase, binds lectin polysaccharides, and ploy(vinylalcohol) in water.
Ionic Conductivity of Molten Salts Formed by Polyether/salt Hybrids
Authors: Ohno Hiroyuki , Nakai Yoshikazu , Ito Kaori 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
PEO oligomers having sulfonamide groups or ethylimidazolium groups on the chain ends were prepared, and they were mixed to form molten salts at the terminal of these PEO derivatives. For the PEO having sulfonamide groups, it glass transition temperature decreased from 3.2 °C to −61.6 °C and ionic conductivity increased about 105 times after mixing with PEO having ethylimidazolium groups. The formation of molten salts at the terminal of PEO chains is effective for the design of fast ion transfer matrix.
Correlation of the Frontier Orbital Properties of Alkanolamines with the Experimental CO2 Loading
Authors: Suda Taiichiro , Zhang Yan , Iwaki Toru , Nomura Masakatsu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The HOMO energy and the superdelocalizability for the most stable conformation of 18 kinds of alkanolamines plotted against experimentally measured absorption loading of CO2 in an aqueous amine solution showed a good linear relationship for the usual secondary and tertiary amines, indicating that the frontier orbital properties of these amines appear to be predominant for the amine-CO2 reaction.
First Evidence of Polyimide Elastomer Prepared from Polyurea and Pyromellitic Dianhydride
Authors: Asai Kiyotsugu , Onouchi Yukio , Inoue Shin-ichi , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The reaction of polyureas, prepared from the conventional diisocyanates and the α,ω-diaminopolyoxyalkylenes, with pyromellitic dianhydride in N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (NMP) at 165 °C leads to the formation of polyimide elastomers. The polyimide elastomers exhibited excellent physical properties.
Stacking of Poly(3-alkylthiophene)s and Poly(4-alkylthiazole)s in a Colloidal Solution and in the Solid
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Komarudin Dharma , Kubota Kenji , Sasaki Shintaro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and poly(4-heptylthiazole-2,5-diyl) form colloidal solutions in CHCl3-CH3OH mixtures; light scattering analysis and filtration experiments reveal that about 103 molecules of stiff poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) aggregate in a side-to-side stacking mode. The two polymers and related polymers are stacked in an end-to-end or interdigitation mode in the solid.
Studies on the Interaction of DNA and a Novel of Water-soluble Polymer-bound Schiff Base Complex
Authors: Wang Yun-Pu , Xiao Yao-Nan , Wang Rong-Min , Mao Ying 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The modes and activities of the interaction of DNA and water-soluble polymer bound Schiff base nickel complex, which has been prepared by polymer analogous reaction, have been discussed according to fluorescent probe method. It indicates that polymer matrix effect and increasing solubility in water can increase the interaction of this polymer complex with DNA.
Barbier-type Carbonyl-allylation with Allyl Compounds and SnCl2 in the Presence of PdCl2[PPh2(m-C6H4SO3Na)]2 under Two-phase Conditions
Authors: Okano Tamon , Kiji Jitsuo , Doi Takanori 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The hydrophilic palladium complex efficiently catalyzes the allylation of carbonyl compounds with allyl chlorides or allyl alcohols and SnCl2 under aqueous-organic biphase conditions, which allow us easily to separate the product and to recover the organic solvent from the reaction mixture.
Selective Removal of Cobalt Oxide from Cobalt-loaded Alumina Catalysts and Its Effect on the Activity for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide by Ethene in Excess Oxygen
Authors: Okazaki Noriyasu , Tsuda Shinya , Shiina Yoshikazu , Akio Tada 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The selective removal of Co3O4 from a cobalt-loaded alumina catalyst resulted in increased activity for the title reaction, indicating that Co3O4 inhibited the reaction but that the resudual CoAl2O4-like species acted as catalytically active species. CoAl2O4-like species were sufficiently active for the oxidation of NO to NO2 but much less active for the oxidation of ethene (a side reaction).
Meso-meso Linked Diporphyrins from 5,10,15-Trisubstituted Porphyrins
Authors: Yoshida Naoya , Shimidzu Hitoshi , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Meso-meso coupled diporphyrins were prepared from 5,10,15-trisubstituted zinc-porphyrins in high yields upon treatment with AgPF6 alone or with AgPF6 and I2.
Fractionation of Lithium Isotopes by Intercalation in Layered Inorganic Ion Exchangers
Authors: Makita Yoji , Kanoh Hirofumi , Hirotsu Takahiro , Ooi Kenta 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Layered titanium phosphates and heat-treated tin phosphate showed high separation factors (1.015-1.018) for lithium isotopes; the fractionation properties could be explained by considering two factors: the degree of Li+ dehydration in the solid phase and the affinity of the ion-exchange site toward Li+.
Rhodium-catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Arylstannanes to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Esters
Authors: Oi Shuichi , Moro Mitsutoshi , Ono Sachie , Inoue Yoshio 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Aryltrimethylstannanes react with α,β-unsaturated ketones and esters in the presence of a catalytic amount of a cationic rhodium complex, [Rh(cod)(MeCN)2]BF4, affording the conjugate addition products in good yields.
Surface Alkylation of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon by Grignard Reagent
Authors: Ehara Takashi , Maruyama Arata 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Surface alkylation of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin films has been achieved by Grignard reaction. IR absorption spectra indicate the existence of C–H bonds that are due to covalent bonded decyl group on the surface of amorphous silicon. This modification can be a first step of novel organic–inorganic interface formation.
Transparent, Adhesive Film Formation of Per-O-valeryl-β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Hirayama Fumitoshi , Zaoh Katutoshi , Harata Kazuaki , Saenger Wolfram , Uekama Kaneto 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Per-O-valeryl-β-cyclodextrin forms a transparent, adhesive sheet-like film on water surface and on backing membrane, without any chemical crosslinkings.
Analysis of the Complex of Oligonucleotide Duplexes with Ligands by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectroscopy
Authors: Yamashita Kenichi , Sato Shinobu , Takamiya Hiroki , Takagi Makoto , Takenaka Shigeori 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The peaks for a complex of DNA-interacting ligands naphthalene monoimide (NMI), naphthalene diimide (NDI) and ethidium bromide and groove binding ligand Hoechst 33258 with a duplex of oligonucleotide 5′-CCCCGGGG-3′ were observed successfully in MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The appearance of the peak of the complex depended on both the binding mode (classical intercalation, threading intercalation, or groove binding) and the duplex structure (fully matched or mismatched).
Synthesis and Mesomorphic Properties of Liquid Crystals with a 5,5′-Bitropolone Skelton
Authors: Kubo Kanji , Sutoh Takanori , Mori Akira , Ujiie Seiji 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
New troponoid liquid crystals with a bitropolone core were prepared. The ester derivatives (1) had enantiotropic smectic A and/or C phases with higher thermal stabilities than the corresponding benzenoid derivatives (2), which had smectic B phases. X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the layer spacings of the smectic A and C phases were not so much different.
A Good Performance VPO Catalyst for Partial Oxidation of n-Butane to Maleic Anhydride
Authors: Wang Xiaoshu , Nie Weiyan , Ji Weijie , Guo Xuefeng , Yan Qijie , Chen Yi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A VPO catalyst prepared by the reaction of vanadium pentoxide and isobutyl alcohol/benzyl alcohol in the presence of polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 2000 (PEG2000) was found to be highly selective and active for the conversion of n-butane to maleic anhydride.
Zinc Bromide-Promoted Tosylation of Alcohols Allows Efficient Temperature-Controlled Primary Hydroxy Sulfonylation
Authors: Yamamura Hatsuo , Kawasaki Jyumpei , Saito Hirokazu , Araki Shuki , Kawai Masao 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The combination of zinc bromide with tosyl chloride promoted sulfonylation, allowing temperature-controlled regioselective sulfonylation of carbohydrates which possess both primary and secondary hydroxy groups.
Catalytic and Stereoselective Glycosylation with Disarmed Glycosyl Fluoride Having Phthaloyl or Dichlorophthaloyl Protected Amino Function Using a 1 : 2 Combination of Stannic Chloride and Silver Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate
Authors: Jona Hideki , Maeshima Hisashi , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A catalytic and stereoselective glycosylation of various glycosyl acceptors with disarmed glycosyl fluorides having phthaloyl or dichlorophthaloyl protected amino function is successfully carried out by using a combination of stannic chloride (SnCl4) and silver tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate [AgB(C6F5)4] in the coexistence of MS 5A, and the corresponding 1,2-trans disaccharides are obtained in high yields.
Influence of Ethylamine on the Crystal Growth of Hydroxyapatite Crystals
Authors: Nagata Fukue , Toriyama Motohiro , Teraoka Kay , Yokogawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
The ability of ethylamine to influence hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal growth has been studied. HAp crystals were obtained from the mixture of HAp precursor slurry and various amount of ethylamine under hydrothermal condition. The products synthesized with 5 wt% or more ethylamine were plate-like crystals whose grown face was a-plane of HAp. Several analyses suggested that the role of ethylamine was the inhibition of crystal growth along a particular axis.
Formation of Silver Nanoparticles in Poly(methyl methacrylate) by UV Irradiation
Authors: Yanagihara Naohisa , Tanaka Yoshiyuki , Okamoto Hiroshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Silver nanoclusters in poly(methyl methacrylate) (Ag/PMMA) were prepared by bulk polymerization of MMA with radical initiators (AIBN or BPO) in the presence of silver(I) trifluoroacetate, followed by a period of UV irradiation. It was revealed that any of Ag/PMMA samples prepared by both the initiators shows a plasmon absorption peak at ca. 420 nm, whereas an additional peak at ca. 340 nm was found exclusively for those samples prepared in the presence of BPO.
Fabrication of a Stable Nanostructured Ternary Composite Film via Different Driving Forces
Authors: Cao Tingbing , Cao Weixiao 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Three characteristic macromolecules have been combined to fabricate muitilayer ultra-thin film with different driving forces of electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding attraction, under UV irradiation, both the ionic bond and H-bond between the layers were converted into covalent bond, and the multilayer film becomes very stable towards polar solvents.
Hydrogelation of Calcium Metaphosphate Glass
Authors: Kasuga Toshihiro , Wakita Takashi , Nogami Masayuki , Sakurai Makoto , Watanabe Makoto , Abe Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A calcium phosphate hydrogel with high viscosity was easily derived for a brief period from the reaction of water with the metaphosphate glass powders. 31P MAS-NMR and HPLC spectra showed that the hydrogel has linear and cyclic polyphosphate structures consisting of PO4 group connected to calcium ions and protons with hydrogen-bonded water molecules.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Charge Transfer Compound with Large Three-Photon Absorption Cross Section
Authors: Zhang Junxiang , Cui Yiping , Wang Mingliang , Xu Chunxiang , Zhong Yuan , Liu Juzheng 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A new intramolecular charge transfer compound containing diethylamino group as electronic donor and oxadiazole group as electronic acceptor has been synthesized using Wittig–Horner reaction. This long conjugated molecule has large three-photon absorption cross section excited at 1.06 μm lasing.
Cooperative Effect of a Metal Ion and Hydrogen Bonds on Phosphodiester Cleavage in Acetonitrile
Authors: Kondo Shin-ichi , Sakuno Yuichi , Yokoyama Takashi , Yano Yumihiko 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Cleavage of an activated phosphodiester by Zn(NO3)2·6H2O was accelerated (9 × 103-fold) by cooperative effect of a metal ion and hydrogen bonds in the presence of a bismelamine derivative bearing a 2,2′-bipyridine moiety in MeCN.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering of Single Adenine Molecules on Silver Colloidal Particles
Authors: Maruyama Yoshihiro , Ishikawa Mitsuru , Futamata Masayuki 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
To find feasibility of identifying nucleotides at the single-molecule level, we implemented Raman imaging and spectroscopy of adenine molecules adsorbed on Ag colloidal nanoparticles. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of adenine molecules showed an intermittent on-and-off behavior called “blinking”. The observation of blinking provides substantial evidence for detecting single adenine molecules.
CO2 Hydrogenation to Alcohols over Highly Dispersed Co/SiO2 Catalysts Derived from Acetate
Authors: Okabe Kiyomi , Yamada Hidekazu , Hanaoka Takaaki , Matsuzaki Takehiko , Arakawa Hironori , Abe Yoshimoto 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Highly dispersed Co(A)/SiO2 catalysts were prepared from acetate, and used for CO2 hydrogenation to alcohols under the reaction conditions of T = 493 K, P = 2.1MPa, H2/CO2 = 3/1, and GHSV = 2000 h−1. Catalytic activity was greatly improved by adding a small amount of Ir to the catalyst, and methanol (ca. 20%) was formed, in contrast with Co(N)/SiO2 catalyst derived from nitrate. Ethanol selectivity was increased up to 8% by adding Na salt to the Ir/Co(A)/SiO2 catalyst.
Quantitative Evaluation of Lewis Acidity of Zinc Ion with Tetradentate Tripodal Ligands in Formation of the Superoxide Complexes
Authors: Ohtsu Hideki , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
A series of Zn(II)–superoxide complexes containing tetradentate tripodal ligands are generated in the reactions between Zn(II) complexes and superoxide which is produced by the photoinduced reduction of dioxygen by dimeric 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide. The Zn(II)–superoxide complexes have been characterized spectroscopically in order to evaluate the Lewis acidity of Zn(II) ion depending on the ligands used as Cu,Zn–SOD models.
Nitrous Oxide Oxidation of Secondary and Benzylic Alcohols Using Ruthenium Complex Catalyst
Authors: Hashimoto Kentaro , Kitaichi Yasunori , Tanaka Hirotaka , Ikeno Taketo , Yamada Tohru 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Catalytic N2O oxidation of various secondary and benzylic alcohols using a ruthenium porphyrin complex is presented. Both secondary and benzylic alcohols were smoothly consumed to give the corresponding ketones and aldehydes in high yields. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is expected to be a new terminal oxidant producing only dinitrogen gas as the only by-product to provide a less wasteful process.
In situ Synthesis and Characterization of Spherical CdS/Polyacrylamide Nanocomposites by γ-Irradiation in W/O Microemulsions
Authors: Ni Yonghong , Ge Xuewu , Liu Huarong , Zhang Zhicheng , Ye Qiang 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Spherical CdS/polyacrylamide (CdS–PAM) nanocomposites were successfully synthesized in single step by γ-irradiation in a W/O microemulsion under ambient pressure at room temperature. The final product was characterized by various means such as XRD, IR, UV–vis, PL, ED and TEM. The TEM image clearly showed the homogeneous dispersion of CdS–PAM nanocomposites with the dimension of 50 nm.
Enhanced DNA Cleavage by Mercury(II) Porphyrin at a Low Concentration of HaeIII Restriction Enzyme
Authors: Nyarko Elvis , Tabata Masaaki , Watanabe Keiichi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Mercury(II) porphryin enhanced DNA cleavage in the presence of 0.2 units µL−1 of HaeIII at which concentration the restriction enzyme could not cleave DNA in the absence of the porphyrin. This was ascribed to the synergistic effect of the bound Hg2+ ions to DNA and the intercalated free base porphyrin, released from the mercury(II) porphyrin complex upon binding to DNA, which was confirmed by UV–visible and CD spectroscopic measurements.
Occupational risk in health care and research
Authors: Vecchio Daniela , Sasco Annie J. , Cann Cristina I. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackgroundWorking in the health care and research sectors has been linked to various hazards.MethodsStudies published in the peer‐reviewed literature that are pertinent to the exposures or diseases relevant to these fields were reviewed.ResultsThe most important exposures include infectious agents, formaldehyde, anesthetic agents, antineoplastic drugs, and ethylene oxide. The best‐documented evidence is that of infectious risk primarily among clinical personnel. Monitoring studies of persons occupationally exposed to anesthetics clearly demonstrate behavioral effects, possible risk of reproductive problems, as well as cytogenetic effects of unknown significance. The latter two impairments are also observed among those exposed to antineoplastic drugs and ethylene oxide. Exposure to formaldehyde appears to be associated with nasopharyngeal tumors. Whereas increased risk of cancer of certain sites, particularly the brain and lymphohematopoietic system, is found among research and health care personnel, no specific exposure has been linked to these neoplasms.ConclusionsAlthough some results are inconsistent, continued environmental and biological monitoring will allow better assessment of exposures and of implemented protection measures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 43:369–397, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular mechanisms of S100‐target protein interactions
Authors: Zimmer Danna B. , Wright Sadosky Patti , Weber David J. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractS100 proteins have no known enzymatic activity and exert their intracellular effects via interaction with and regulation of the activity of other proteins, termed target proteins, in both a Ca2+‐dependent and Ca2+‐independent manner. Structural studies have identified the linker region between the two EF‐hand Ca2+binding domains and the C‐terminus as Ca2+‐dependent target protein binding sites in several S100 family members. In fact, C‐terminal aromatic residues are obligatory for interaction of S100A1 with several of its Ca2+‐dependent target proteins. Pharmacological studies suggest the presence of additional Ca2+‐dependent binding motifs on some family members. A minimum of seven family members interact with and regulate the activity of aldolase A in a Ca2+‐independent manner. In the case of S100A1, Ca2+‐independent target protein interactions utilize a binding motif distinct from the C‐terminal Ca2+‐dependent target protein binding site. Several studies suggest that ionic interactions participate in the interaction of S100 family members with Ca2+‐independent target proteins. While some target proteins are activated by multiple family members, other target proteins exhibit family member‐specific activation, i.e., they are activated by a single family member. As predicted, family member specific interactions appear to be mediated by regions that exhibit the most divergence in amino acid sequence among family members, the linker or “hinge” region and the C terminus. Further specificity in S100‐target protein interactions may arise from the different biochemical/biophysical properties of the individual family members, including affinity for metal ions (Ca2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+), oligomerization properties, heterodimerization, post‐translational modifications, and lipid‐binding. Delineation of the structural motifs that mediate S100‐target protein interactions and determination of the in vivo relevance of these interactions are needed to fully understand the role of S100 proteins in normal and diseased cells. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60:552–559, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.