bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Étude comparative sur les facteurs prédictifs de l’anxiété d’étudiant(e)s québécois(-es) universitaires durant la pandémie (COVID-19)
Authors: Bergheul Saïd , Labra Oscar , Castro Carole , Ependa Augustin , Bedoya Juanpablo , Marcotte-Beaumier Gabrielle 
Published: October 2023

Objectif Dans la présente étude, nous présentons les résultats d’une recherche comparative réalisée sur 3 cohortes d’étudiant(e)s universitaires en contexte de pandémie. Plusieurs recherches indiquent que le niveau d’anxiété des populations a beaucoup augmenté.
Méthode Dans le présent article, nous présentons les résultats d’une étude comparative de 3 cohortes réalisée sur 1674 étudiants québécois. Les participants ont été recrutés à 3 moments distincts, soit durant l’été 2020 (cohorte 1 ; N = 398), à l’automne 2020 (cohorte 2 ; N = 621) et à l’hiver 2021 (cohorte 3 ; N = 655). L’anxiété a été mesurée grâce à l’inventaire d’anxiété de Beck et plusieurs variables sociodémographiques ont été testées.
Résultats Les résultats de la cohorte 1 indiquent que le fait d’être plus jeune et d’avoir un diagnostic associé à la santé mentale fait partie des facteurs de vulnérabilité pour l’anxiété. Pour la cohorte 2 l’interaction Genre x Diagnostic x Programme d’étude a un effet significatif. L’âge et le revenu familial sont des facteurs prédictifs d’une anxiété importante dans la cohorte 3. Les limites et les perspectives de l’étude sont explorées.
Conclusion L’étude recommande qu’on tienne compte des résultats pour élaborer des programmes préventifs et d’intervention pendant la période post-pandémie.
The transcriptome of the entomopathogenic fungus Culicinomyces clavisporus contains an ortholog of the insecticidal ribotoxin Hirsutellin
Authors: Foresman Dana , Tartar Aurélien 
Published: October 2023

The entomopathogenic fungus Culicinomyces clavisporus is known to infect and kill mosquito larvae and therefore has been seen as a potential biological control agent against disease vector mosquitoes. Whereas most fungal entomopathogens infect hosts by penetrating the external cuticle, C. clavisporus initiates infection through ingestion (per os). This unique infection strategy suggests that the C. clavisporus genome may be mined for novel pathogenicity factors with potential for vector control. To this end, an Isoseq-based transcriptome analysis was initiated, and resulted in a total of 3,512,145 sequences, with an average length of 1,732 bp. Transcripts assembly and annotation suggested that the C. clavisporus transcriptome lacked the cuticle-degrading proteins that have been associated with other entomopathogenic fungi, supporting the per os pathogenicity process. Furthermore, mining of the sequence data unexpectedly revealed C. clavisporus transcripts homologous to the Hirsutellin toxin. Comparative sequence analyses indicated that the C. clavisporus Hirsutellin predicted protein has retained the canonical molecular features that have been associated with the ribotoxic and insecticidal properties of the original toxin isolated from Hirsutella thompsonii. The identification of an Hirsutellin ortholog in C. clavisporus was supported by phylogenetic analyses demonstrating that Culicinomyces and Hirsutella were closely related genera in the Ophiocordycipitaceae family. Validation of the mosquitocidal activity of this novel C. clavisporus protein has yet to be performed but may help position Hirsutellin orthologs as prime candidates for the development of alternative biocontrol approaches complementing the current toolbox of vector mosquito management strategies.
The Effect of Green Compost Processed Organic Fertilizer and Chlorella Microalgae Solution on Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Carotenoid and Proline Content of Tropaeolum majus under Drought Stress
Authors: Mohsenzadeh Sasan , Karmidarenjani Maryam , Mirahmadinejad Elham Alsadat , Robati Reza 
Published: October 2023

Environmental stresses, particularly drought, are the most critical contributors in reducing the growth of plants. The effect of processed organic fertilizer of green compost and chlorella microalgae solution on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and proline content of Tropaeolum majus plant under control and drought conditions were investigated. The experiments were carried out in pot with a completely randomized design with three replicates. Green manure treatment included 0%, 5% and 10% by volume of pots. Chlorella microalgae treatment had two levels in terms of zero cells and 368 million cells in each pot. Drought stress was administered based on a lack of ten-day and seventeen-day irrigation. After two months, the samples were collected and the relative content of amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids, and amino acid proline were performed. The findings revealed that green compost of 10% alone and together with chlorella microalgae significantly reduced the effects of drought stress at 5% level. Compost with 10% volumetric along with chlorella caused a significant increase in chlorophyll at control and 5% level. Tropaeolum majus plants treated with chlorella algae and 10% green compost showed the greatest levels of proline amino acid under stress.
Evaluation of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides for Weed Control on Growth and Yield in Chickpea
Authors: Yousuf Mulinti , Sharma Roop Kishore , Sirazuddin  , Negi Vipin , Mishra R. K. , Raju T. Rama 
Published: October 2023

Chickpea, scientifically known as Cicer arietinum L., is a significant grain legume that is cultivated in 44 countries across five continents. India holds the position of the world's largest producer of chickpeas, contributing to approximately 75% of global production. The primary states in India where chickpeas are extensively grown include Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Gujarat. The aim of the experiment was to assess how various herbicides impact weed control in chickpea cultivation.
An agronomic investigation on “Evaluation of pre and post emergence herbicides in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” under late sowing conditions was conducted during Rabi 2019-20 at Doon PG College of Agriculture Science and Technology, Selaqui, Dehradun. To study the effect and performance of different weed control treatments. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments. The treatments were Pendimethalin@1.0 kg ha-1, Metribuzin @1.0 kg ha-1, Quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 40 a.i. g ha-1, Clodinafop @ 0.060 kg ha-1, Pinoxadan @0.005 kg ha-1, Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, Weedy check and Weed Free. They were replicated three times. Observations on growth and weed parameters were recorded periodically at an interval of 30 days. Among the treatments, weed-free recorded the highest grain and straw. It was on par with Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg ha-1 significantly superior over the rest of the treatments. Among the chemical weed control treatment application of Pendimethalin @1.0 kg ha-1 was found beneficial to higher grain yield, and straw yield and effective in controlling weeds and increasing the yield of chickpea.
Changes in Care Use and Financial Status Associated With Dementia in Older Adults
Authors: Choi HwaJung , Langa Kenneth M. , Norton Edward C. , Cho Tsai-Chin , Connell Cathleen M 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceEstimating the effects of dementia on care use and financial outcomes is timely, as the population with dementia will more than double in the next few decades.ObjectiveTo determine the incremental changes associated with dementia in regard to older adults’ care use and assess financial consequences for individuals, families, and society.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study included propensity score matching on national, longitudinal data using extensive baseline variables of sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, family availability, health conditions, disability status, and outpatient care use among 2 groups of US adults aged 55 years or older who did not have dementia. In total, 2387 adults experienced the onset of dementia during the 2-year follow-up (dementia group) and 2387 adults did not (control group). Participants were followed up for 8 years from the baseline. Data were analyzed from February 2021 to August 2023.ExposureDementia determined based on Langa-Weir classification.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes of care use included monthly care hours from family and unpaid helpers, in-home medical services, hospital stay, and nursing facility stay. Financial outcomes included out-of-pocket medical costs, wealth, and the status of having Medicaid.ResultsAmong the full sample, the mean (SD) age was 75.4 [10.4] years, and 59.7% of participants were female. Care use was similar at baseline between the matched groups but was substantially greater for the dementia group vs control group in subsequent years, especially during the 2-year follow-up: 45 vs 13 monthly care hours from family and unpaid helpers, 548 of 2370 participants (23.1%) vs 342 of 2383 (14.4%) using in-home medical care, 1104 of 2369 (46.6%) vs 821 of 2377 (34.5%) with hospital stay, and 489 of 2375 (20.6%) vs 104 of 2384 (4.4%) using a nursing facility. The increase in use of a nursing facility was especially high if baseline family care availability was low. Over the 8-year follow-up in the dementia group, the 2-year out-of-pocket medical costs increased from $4005 to $10 006, median wealth was reduced from $79 339 to $30 490, and those enrolling in Medicaid increased from 379 of 2358 participants (16.1%) to 201 of 676 participants (29.7%). No statistically significant changes in financial outcomes were found in the control group.Conclusion and RelevanceThis cohort study demonstrated that the incremental changes associated with dementia in regard to older adults’ long-term care and financial burden are substantial. Family care availability should be accounted for in a comprehensive assessment of predicting the effects of dementia.
Effectiveness of Monovalent mRNA Vaccines Against Omicron XBB Infection in Singaporean Children Younger Than 5 Years
Authors: Wee Liang En , Tang Nicole , Pang Deanette , Chiew Calvin , Yung Chee-Fu , Chong Chia Yin , Lee Vernon , Ong Benjamin , Lye David Chien , Tan Kelvin Bryan 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceLiterature on vaccine effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for children younger than 5 years is limited.ObjectiveTo report the effectiveness of monovalent mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection among Singaporean children aged 1 through 4 years during a COVID-19 pandemic wave of the Omicron XBB variant.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a population-based cohort study, conducted over a 6-month study period from October 1, 2022, through March 31, 2023, after the implementation of community vaccination among all Singaporean children aged 1 through 4 years. The study period was dominated by the Omicron XBB subvariant.ExposureReceipt of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.Main Outcome MeasureVaccine effectiveness against confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The adjusted incidence rate ratio for confirmed infections using Poisson regression was reported, with the reference group being those who were unvaccinated. Analyses were stratified by prior documented SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsA total of 121 628 children (median [IQR] age, 3.1 [2.2-3.9] years; 61 925 male [50.9%]) were included in the study, contributing 21 015 956 person-days of observation. The majority of children (11 294 of 11 705 [96.5%]) received the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine (Moderna). Vaccine effectiveness against confirmed infection was 45.2% (95% CI, 24.7%-60.2%) in partially vaccinated, infection-naive children and 63.3% (95% CI, 40.6%-77.3%) in fully vaccinated, infection-naive children compared with the unvaccinated group. Among previously infected children, vaccine effectiveness against reinfections in those with at least 1 vaccine dose was estimated at 74.6% (95% CI, 38.7%-89.5%).Conclusions and RelevanceStudy results suggest that completion of a primary mRNA vaccine series provided protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in children aged 1 through 4 years. Although incidence of hospitalization and severe illness is low in this age group, there is potential benefit of vaccination in preventing infection and potential sequelae.
Understanding the Surface Chemistry of SnO2 Nanoparticles for High Performance and Stable Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Garcia Romero David , Di Mario Lorenzo , Yan Feng , Ibarra‐Barreno Carolina Mishell , Mutalik Suhas , Protesescu Loredana , Rudolf Petra , Loi Maria Antonietta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn organic solar cells, the interfaces between the photoactive layer and the transport layers are critical in determining not only the efficiency but also their stability. When solution‐processed metal oxides are employed as the electron transport layer, the presence of surface defects can downgrade the charge extraction, lowering the photovoltaic parameters. Thus, understanding the origin of these defects is essential to prevent their detrimental effects. Herein, it is shown that a widely reported and commercially available colloidal SnO2 dispersion leads to suboptimal interfaces with the organic layer, as evidenced by the s‐shaped J–V curves and poor stability. By investigating the SnO2 surface chemistry, the presence of potassium ions as stabilizing ligands is identified. By removing them with a simple washing with deionized water, the s‐shape is removed and the short‐circuit current is improved. It is tested for two prototypical blends, TPD‐3F:IT‐4F and PM6:L8:BO, and for both the power conversion efficiency is improved up to 12.82% and 16.26%, from 11.06% and 15.17% obtained with the pristine SnO2, respectively. More strikingly, the stability is strongly correlated with the surface ions concentration, and these improved devices maintain ≈87% and ≈85% of their initial efficiency after 100 h of illumination for TPD‐3F:IT‐4F and PM6:L8:BO, respectively.
Metal–Organic Frameworks for Nerve Repair and Neural Stem Cell Therapy
Authors: Meng Ling , Ren Na , Dong Mengwei , Zhang Shengmin , Wang Aizhu , Zhuang Zhong , Wang Jie , Sun Chunhui , Liu Hong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, neurological disorders have led to a growing global burden of fatalities and disabilities. The limited capacity for natural self‐regeneration poses a significant challenge in repairing nervous system injuries, which is closely related to the complex microenvironment and nonregenerative nature of neurons. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), with their distinctive structure and properties including high surface area, porosity, tunability, stimuli‐responsive behavior, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, stand as an auspicious platform for devising therapeutic strategies aiming at nerve regeneration and repair. By taking advantage of these characteristics, researchers have the opportunity to explore innovative methods including endogenous stimulation, magnetic response therapy, phototherapy, ultrasound therapy, and drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurological diseases. Moreover, MOFs‐based stem cell therapy also is developed to inhibit neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, promote axon growth, regulate stem cell differentiation, promote nerve regeneration, and finally restore the function of injured nerves. In this paper, the preparation strategy and biological characteristics of MOFs, highlighting their applications in repairing nerve injuries and treating neural stem cells is presented. Finally, an outlook on the future development and challenges in the field of neuroscience concerning MOFs is provided.
Injectable Living Probiotic Dressing Built by Droplet‐Based Microfluidics and Photo‐Cross‐Linking to Prevent Pathogenic Infection and Promote Wound Repair
Authors: Wei Yunyun , Han Ziqiang , Mao Xiaolong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe treatment of infected wounds faces great challenges due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance and the lack of persistence in drug release. Here, a living probiotic dressing is constructed by integrating droplet‐shearing and photo‐cross‐linking. Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii), the only probiotic used clinically, is encapsulated and attached to a wound under light irradiation. A double‐layer hydrogel provides a protective barrier for cell growth and proliferation while preventing the escape of S. boulardii. The living probiotic dressing shows superior biosafety with fibroblast cells. Strikingly, in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the living probiotic dressing not only inhibits bacterial survival and colonization, but also alleviates inflammation and accelerates wound closure. More significantly, the living probiotic dressing promotes collagen deposition and neovascularization, which accelerates wound healing. This work can provide new ideas for clinical wound treatment and widen the application of probiotics in tissue engineering.
Modulation Doping of Silicon Nanowires to Tune the Contact Properties of Nano‐Scale Schottky Barriers
Authors: Nagarajan Soundarya , Hiller Daniel , Ratschinski Ingmar , König Dirk , Smith Sean C. , Mikolajick Thomas , Trommer Jens 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDoping silicon on the nanoscale by the intentional introduction of impurities into the intrinsic semiconductor suffers from effects such as dopant deactivation, random dopant fluctuations, out‐diffusion, and mobility degradation. This paper presents the first experimental proof that doping of silicon nanowires can also be achieved via the purposeful addition of aluminium‐induced acceptor states to theSiO2shell around a silicon nanowire channel. It is shown that modulation doping lowers the overall resistance of silicon nanowires with nickel silicide Schottky contacts by up to six orders of magnitude. The effect is consistently observed for various channel geometries and systematically studied as a function ofAl2O3content during fabrication. The transfer length method is used to separate the effects on the channel conductivity from that on the barriers. A silicon resistivity is achieved as low as 0.04–0.06 Ω ·cm in the nominal undoped material. In addition, the specific contact resistivity is also strongly influenced by the modulation doping and reduced down to 3.5E‐7 Ω ·cm2, which relates to lowering the effective Schottky barrier to 0.09 eV. This alternative doping method has the potential to overcome the issues associated with doping and contact formation on the nanoscale.
Fast and Energy‐Efficient Non‐Volatile III‐V‐on‐Silicon Photonic Phase Shifter Based on Memristors
Authors: Fang Zhuoran , Tossoun Bassem , Descos Antoine , Liang Di , Huang Xue , Kurczveil Geza , Majumdar Arka , Beausoleil Raymond G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSilicon photonics has evolved from lab research to commercial products in the past decade as it plays an increasingly crucial role in data communication for next‐generation data centers and high‐performance computing. Recently, programmable silicon photonics has also found new applications in quantum and classical information processing. A key component of programmable silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs) is the phase shifter, traditionally realized via thermo‐optic or free‐carrier effects that are weak, volatile, and power hungry. A non‐volatile phase shifter can circumvent these limitations by requiring zero power to maintain the switched phases. Previously non‐volatile phase modulation is achieved via phase‐change or ferroelectric materials, but the switching energy remains high (pico to nano joules) and the speed is slow (micro to milliseconds). Here, a non‐volatile III‐V‐on‐silicon photonic phase shifter based on a HfO2 memristor with sub‐pJ switching energy (≈400 fJ), representing over an order of magnitude improvement in energy efficiency compared to the state of the art, is reported. The non‐volatile phase shifter can be switched reversibly using a single 100 ns pulse and exhibits excellent endurance over 800 cycles. This technology can enable future energy‐efficient programmable PICs for data centers, optical neural networks, and quantum information processing.
Emission Mechanism of Bright and Eco‐Friendly ZnSeTe Quantum Dots
Authors: Cai Wenbing , Ren Yinjuan , Huang Zhigao , Sun Qi , Shen Hanchen , Wang Yue 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe heavy‐metal‐free ZnSeTe quantum dots (QDs) hold great promise for the development of modern optoelectronic devices, yet, the nature of the emissive state within remains elusive. Herein, the different emission origins are clarified for the ZnSeTe QDs with dilute and heavy Te contents based on multiple spectroscopic characterizations and first‐principles calculation. In the case of dilute Te incorporation (Te/Se < 20%), the low‐energy tail of the asymmetric emission is ascribed to the recombination from the localized state induced by Te clusters, and the the hot carrier localization process occurs within a timescale of ≈500 fs. As the Te/Se ratio increases above 20%, the charge density difference shows a uniform distribution due to the decrease in electronegativity contrast, such that the carriers become delocalized and tail emission disappears. Meanwhile, the emission line‐width broadens mainly originating from the inhomogeneous broadening effect. These findings are constructive for developing sustainable QDs toward optoelectronic applications.
Distinguishable Colorimetric Biosensor for Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases
Authors: Li Ming , Ding Caiping , Zhang Dong , Chen Weiwei , Yan Zejun , Chen Zikang , Guo Zhiyong , Guo Longhua , Huang Youju 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCastration‐resistant prostate cancer (PCa) causes severe bone metastasis (BM), which significantly increases mortality in men with PCa. Imaging tests and radiometric scanning require long analysis times, expensive equipment, specialized personnel, and a slow turnaround. New visualization technologies are expected to solve the above problems. Nonetheless, existing visualization techniques barely meet the urgency for precise diagnosis because the human eyes cannot recognize and capture even slight variations in visual information. By using dye differentiated superposition enhancement colorimetric biosensors, an effective method to diagnose prostate cancer bone metastases (PCa‐BM) with excellent accuracy for naked‐eye quantitative detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is developed. The biomarker ALP specific hydrolytic product ascorbic acid can be detected by rhodamine derivatives (Rd) as gold nanobipyramids (Au NBPs) are deposited and grown. Color‐recombining enhancement effects between Rd and Au NBPs significantly improved abundance. The 150 U L−1 threshold between normal and abnormal can be identified by color. And with color enhancement effect and double signal response, the ALP index is visually measured to diagnose PCa‐BM and provide handy treatment recommendations. Additionally, the proposed colorimetric sensing strategy can be used to diagnose other diseases.