bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of attention towards balance in chronic dizziness: Development of the Balance Vigilance Questionnaire
Authors: Ellmers Toby J. , Kal Elmar C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeVigilance towards balance has been proposed to underpin various chronic dizziness disorders, including persistent postural–perceptual dizziness (PPPD). The objective of this study was to develop (through patient input) a validated balance‐specific measure of vigilance that comprehensively assesses the varied ways in which this construct may manifest.MethodsWe developed the Balance Vigilance Questionnaire (Balance‐VQ) through patient and clinician feedback, designed to assess vigilance towards balance. We then validated the questionnaire in 497 participants consisting of patients diagnosed with chronic dizziness disorders (including 97 individuals diagnosed with PPPD) and healthy controls.ResultsThe final six‐item Balance‐VQ was shown to be a valid and reliable way to assess vigilance towards balance. Scores were significantly higher in individuals diagnosed with PPPD compared to controls. Although scores were also higher in the PPPD group compared to individuals with diagnosed vestibular disorders other than PPPD, Balance‐VQ scores did not discriminate between the two groups when confounding factors (including dizziness severity) were controlled for. Scores did, however, independently discriminate between the PPPD group and individuals who experience dizziness in daily life, but who have not been diagnosed with a neuro‐otological disorder.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that the Balance‐VQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing vigilance towards balance. As symptom vigilance has been identified as a key risk factor for developing chronic dizziness following acute vestibular symptoms or balance disruption, we recommend using the Balance‐VQ as a screening tool in people presenting with such symptoms.
COVID‐19 vaccination and relapse activity: A nationwide cohort study of patients with multiple sclerosis in Denmark
Authors: Stastna Dominika , Elberling Frederik , Pontieri Luigi , Framke Elisabeth , Horakova Dana , Drahota Jiri , Nytrova Petra , Magyari Melinda 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeWe evaluated whether there was a difference in the occurrence of relapses pre‐ and post‐COVID‐19 vaccination in a nationwide cohort of Danish patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based, nationwide cohort study with a cutoff date of 1 October 2022. We used McNemar tests to assess changes in the proportion of patients with recorded relapses within 90 days and 180 days before and after first vaccine dose, and a negative binomial regression model to compare the 90 and 180 days postvaccination annualized relapse rate (ARR) to the 360 days prevaccination ARR. Multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate relapse risk factors.ResultsWe identified 8169 vaccinated (87.3% Comirnaty) patients without a recorded history of a positive COVID‐19 test. We did not find statistically significant changes in the proportion of patients with relapses in the 90 days (1.3% vs. 1.4% of patients, p = 0.627) and 180 days (2.7% vs. 2.6% of patients, p = 0.918) pre‐ and postvaccination. Also, a comparison of the ARR 360 days before (0.064, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.058–0.070) with the ARR 90 (0.057, 95% CI = 0.047–0.069, p = 0.285) and 180 (0.055, 95% CI = 0.048–0.063, p = 0.060) days after vaccination did not show statistically significant differences. Lower age, higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score, and relapse within 360 days before vaccination were associated with a higher risk of relapse.ConclusionsWe did not find evidence of increased relapse activity following the administration of the first dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine.
The extent of cytochrome P450 3A induction by antiseizure medications: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Cohen Hagar , Mahajna Ghadeer , Ben‐Shushan Tomer , Matok Ilan , Eyal Sara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveAntiseizure medications (ASMs) are commonly categorized as enzyme‐inducers and non‐enzyme‐inducers based on their propensity to enhance the metabolism of concomitantly administered drugs. This systematic review and network meta‐analysis aimed to rank ASMs as cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)‐inducers based on a comparative assessment of ASM‐induced reduction in the concentrations of sensitive substrate drugs.MethodsThe protocol was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; CRD42022335846), and the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis) standards were followed. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane until March 14, 2023 without an initial date restriction. Data were additionally obtained via the US Food and Drug Administration database. Studies had to be prospective, with ASM monotherapy for ≥5 days. The primary parameter was the magnitude of change in the area under the concentration–time curve of CYP3A substrates following treatment with the ASM. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used as the point estimate for the indirect comparisons between ASMs using the pairwise method. Bias risk was assessed using the PKclin tool.ResultsWe identified 14 open‐label, fixed‐sequence studies with 370 participants. The effect size of 600 mg/day carbamazepine did not differ from those of 300 mg/day phenytoin (SMD = −.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −.18 to .07) and 200 mg/day cenobamate (SMD = −.11, 95% CI = −.26 to .04). Carbamazepine at 600 mg/day was the strongest CYP3A‐inducer (P‐score = .88), followed by carbamazepine 400 mg/day (.83), phenytoin 300 mg/day (.79), and cenobamate 200 mg/day (.73). Eslicarbazepine (800 mg/day) ranked higher than cenobamate 100 mg/day and oxcarbazepine 900 mg/day (.60, .39, and .37, respectively).SignificanceDespite the limited number of studies, our network meta‐analysis emphasizes that the magnitude of ASM effects on CYP3A substrate metabolism is a dose‐dependent continuum. When possible, ASM classification as inducers should apply cutoff values tailored to the outcome. Prescribers should monitor plasma concentrations or clinical effects of CYP3A substrates and consider selecting concomitant medications accordingly.
Shifts in bacterial traits under chronic nitrogen deposition align with soil processes in arbuscular, but not ectomycorrhizal‐associated trees
Authors: Piñeiro Juan , Dang Chansotheary , Walkup Jeth G. V. , Kuzniar Teagan , Winslett Rachel , Blazewicz Steven J. , Freedman Zachary B. , Brzostek Edward , Morrissey Ember M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrogen (N) deposition increases soil carbon (C) storage by reducing microbial activity. These effects vary in soil beneath trees that associate with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Variation in carbon C and N uptake traits among microbes may explain differences in soil nutrient cycling between mycorrhizal associations in response to high N loads, a mechanism not previously examined due to methodological limitations. Here, we used quantitative Stable Isotope Probing (qSIP) to measure bacterial C and N assimilation rates from an added organic compound, which we conceptualize as functional traits. As such, we applied a trait‐based approach to explore whether variation in assimilation rates of bacterial taxa can inform shifts in soil function under chronic N deposition. We show taxon‐specific and community‐wide declines of bacterial C and N uptake under chronic N deposition in both AM and ECM soils. N deposition‐induced reductions in microbial activity were mirrored by declines in soil organic matter mineralization rates in AM but not ECM soils. Our findings suggest C and N uptake traits of bacterial communities can predict C cycling feedbacks to N deposition in AM soils, but additional data, for instance on the traits of fungi, may be needed to connect microbial traits with soil C and N cycling in ECM systems. Our study also highlights the potential of employing qSIP in conjunction with trait‐based analytical approaches to inform how ecological processes of microbial communities influence soil functioning.
Feminist ethnoracial entrepreneurship among Latina elite and middle‐class entrepreneurs
Authors: Santellano Karina , Vallejo Jody Agius 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLatinas represent one of the fastest‐growing groups of entrepreneurs in the United States, yet they are understudied in entrepreneurship research. Through three case studies of middle‐class and wealthy Latinas, we explore how ethnorace, gender, immigration, class, and community shape their entrepreneurial endeavors as they practice what we refer to as feminist ethnoracial entrepreneurship–entrepreneurial endeavors that aim to empower, assist, and/or build community amongst women through ethnic and gender‐specific services and experiences. Feminist ethnoracial entrepreneurship, in theory, aims to mitigate ethnoracial and gender inequality. Our participants draw from their lived experiences to inform their entrepreneurial motivations to make a profit and a social difference. By incorporating research centered on feminist approaches to entrepreneurship, we show how gender and the ethnoracial context combine with class to shape Latina entrepreneurs' ethnoracial capitalism and community empowerment practices at the levels of institutions, in community spaces, and markets as they navigate broader structures of racial and gender inequality. Our participants challenge structural ethnoracial and gender exclusion via entrepreneurial endeavors in finance that aim to address gender and racial gaps in access to commercial capital, by opening Latino coffee shops rooted in community and feminist ideology, and by fashioning physical and digital makers markets grounded in Chicana/Latina Feminisms.
Tools of imperialism or sources of international law? Treaties and diplomatic relations in early modern and colonial Southeast Asia
Authors: Amirell Stefan Eklöf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe history of treaty‐making, diplomacy, and international law has traditionally been written from Eurocentric perspectives, but since the middle of the 20th century, Southeast Asia has attracted relatively much attention because of the region's importance for the 17th‐century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius. More recently, however, the interest in Southeast Asia's role in the history of international law and diplomacy in the early modern period has become more oriented toward understanding the dynamics of international relations and cross‐cultural diplomacy in Southeast Asia itself, rather than focusing on the region's role in European legal and intellectual history. The prolific treaty‐making and other diplomatic activities of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) during the 17th and 18th centuries have been the object of several studies, highlighting how the company adopted Asian practices of statecraft and at times functioned as a traditional ruler, tributary or stranger‐king, rather than as an omnipotent colonial power. Moreover, several recent studies have expanded the study of diplomacy and treaty‐making in Southeast Asia to imperial powers other than the VOC and into the 19th century. With regard to the practice of treaty‐making during the colonial era, three main themes in the current state‐of‐the‐art are identified: 1) Southeast Asian and inter‐cultural perspectives on treaties and treaty‐making; 2) the question of mutual consent or coercion and violence in treaty‐making; and 3) discrepancies between Asian and European treaty texts and biases in printed and digitised compilations of treaties.
Cultural factors and low‐salt consumption: A mixed methods approach
Authors: Debucquet Gervaise , Lombart Cindy , Crucean Doina , Le‐Bail Alain , Le‐Bail Patricia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBecause bread consumption significantly contributes to salt intake and health risk, the acceptance of low‐salt reformulations has mainly been examined from an organoleptic perspective. However, the influence of cultural patterns has largely been neglected; working in the French context, our study aimed to fill this gap by considering the conflicts between health and cultural norms associated with bread, a totem food. We adopted a sequential and mixed (qualitative and quantitative) research approach based on interviews to grasp the cultural representations associated with bread and to sodium‐reduction strategy and based on a quantitative survey at worksite canteens that combined the overall sensory appreciation of a reformulated bread, along with a questionnaire on motivations and attitudes. We used structural equation modeling to explore the acceptance of this new bread, as well as segment analysis to highlight the potential heterogeneity among consumers. The results showed the influence of sensory appreciation and health motivations, which were found to be highly determined by the perceived benefits of a low‐salt diet. Unexpectedly, an attachment to the cultural values associated with traditional bread and seeking hedonism through salty food did not inhibit the consumption of reformulated bread. We discussed the scope of an approach embracing the normative pluralism around a totem food to better envision the future of low‐salt bread in collective food services. Practical implications can help restaurant managers promote sodium‐reduced meals while ensuring compliance with social normativity and cultural values.
Les syndicats protègent‐ils l'emploi en période de crise économique? Une expérimentation naturelle permise par la pandémie de COVID‐19
Authors: KIM Woo‐Yung 
Published: November 2023

RésuméL'auteur considère la pandémie de COVID‐19 comme un choc exogène et examine si les syndicats ont accepté un ajustement des salaires et du temps de travail pour protéger l'emploi de leurs membres pendant la crise économique qu'elle a déclenchée. L'analyse, réalisée à partir de données de panel portant sur la période 2018–2020 en République de Corée, montre que les salariés syndiqués avaient une probabilité 1,9 fois plus forte de conserver leur poste. Il n'y a pas de différence significative concernant l'évolution du salaire, mais le temps de travail a davantage diminué parmi les travailleurs syndiqués. L'auteur en déduit que pendant cette période les syndicats ont protégé l'emploi en réduisant le temps de travail sans jouer sur les salaires.
Information et comportement d'évitement: effets de la publication de données relatives à la pollution de l'air sur l'offre de travail en Chine
Authors: SHEN Yu , SUN Wenkai 
Published: November 2023

RésuméLes auteurs examinent les effets de la pollution sur l'offre de travail, sous un angle peu étudié: la publication d'informations sur la pollution. S'appuyant sur le lancement du programme national de publication des chiffres de la pollution atmosphérique en Chine, ils montrent, grâce à une analyse en doubles différences et à des données d'enquête sur les travailleurs migrants, que la publicité de ces données a entraîné une baisse significative du temps de travail des métiers en extérieur, donc un changement de comportement, et que mesurer le coût de la pollution sans prendre en compte le problème de l'asymétrie de l'information pourrait engendrer des biais.
Perspectives of mental health clinicians on physical health of young people with early psychosis
Authors: Hui Ting Ting , Garvey Loretta , Olasoji Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore the views and understanding of youth mental health clinicians with regard to the physical health of young people with early psychosis and their perspectives on lifestyle interventions improving the health and well‐being of young people with early psychosis. Physical health disparities leading to premature mortality among people with mental illness are well evident in the literature. Mental health and physical health are directly correlated. The risk of poor physical health often begins before the onset of mental ill health. Young people with early psychosis are highly susceptible to poor physical health. A co‐designed integrated approach focusing on early prevention and intervention in overall well‐being and health is imminent for this targeted population to prevent poor physical health trajectory across the lifespan. Ten clinicians were recruited and participated in this study through semi‐structured interviews. Five themes were identified: (i) Impact of early psychosis, (ii) Focus of care, (iii) Conversations around physical health, (iv) Co‐location of specialist roles and (v) Health literacy. The findings of this study confirm the dimensional impact of early psychosis on the well‐being and health of young people through the vicious cycle of early psychosis. Promotion of health literacy along with social connectedness and elements of self‐determination, as well as having a prime focus on the individuals' experience in the journey of health promotion through participation in lifestyle interventions, has been identified as critically prominent.
Monitoring COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness against COVID‐19 hospitalisation and death using electronic health registries in ≥65 years old population in six European countries, October 2021 to November 2022
Authors: Kislaya Irina , Sentís Alexis , Starrfelt Jostein , Nunes Baltazar , Martínez‐Baz Iván , Nielsen Katrine Finderup , AlKerwi Ala'a , Braeye Toon , Fontán‐Vela Mario , Bacci Sabrina , Meijerink Hinta , Castilla Jesús , Emborg Hanne‐Dorthe , Hansen Christian Holm , Schmitz Susanne , Van Evercooren Izaak , Valenciano Marta , Nardone Anthony , Nicolay Nathalie , Monge Susana ,   VEBIS‐Lot4 working group
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWithin the ECDC‐VEBIS project, we prospectively monitored vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID‐19 hospitalisation and COVID‐19‐related death using electronic health registries (EHR), between October 2021 and November 2022, in community‐dwelling residents aged 65–79 and ≥80 years in six European countries.MethodsEHR linkage was used to construct population cohorts in Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg, Navarre (Spain), Norway and Portugal. Using a common protocol, for each outcome, VE was estimated monthly over 8‐week follow‐up periods, allowing 1 month‐lag for data consolidation. Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and VE = (1 − aHR) × 100%. Site‐specific estimates were pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis.ResultsFor ≥80 years, considering unvaccinated as the reference, VE against COVID‐19 hospitalisation decreased from 66.9% (95% CI: 60.1; 72.6) to 36.1% (95% CI: −27.3; 67.9) for the primary vaccination and from 95.6% (95% CI: 88.0; 98.4) to 67.7% (95% CI: 45.9; 80.8) for the first booster. Similar trends were observed for 65–79 years. The second booster VE against hospitalisation ranged between 82.0% (95% CI: 75.9; 87.0) and 83.9% (95% CI: 77.7; 88.4) for the ≥80 years and between 39.3% (95% CI: −3.9; 64.5) and 80.6% (95% CI: 67.2; 88.5) for 65–79 years. The first booster VE against COVID‐19‐related death declined over time for both age groups, while the second booster VE against death remained above 80% for the ≥80 years.ConclusionsSuccessive vaccine boosters played a relevant role in maintaining protection against COVID‐19 hospitalisation and death, in the context of decreasing VE over time. Multicountry data from EHR facilitate robust near‐real‐time VE monitoring in the EU/EEA and support public health decision‐making.
The multiple container loading problem with loading docks
Authors: Rajaei Maryam , Moslehi Ghasem , Reisi‐Nafchi Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a multiple container loading problem with practical constraints and loading situations at several docks. In the real world, items may be stored on several loading docks in the depot. So, to pack items stored on a dock, it may be necessary to move or reload the items loaded into the container at the previous docks. We present a realistic definition of reloading conditions and design a temporary loading pattern for each dock to reduce the reloading effort. We propose a column generation‐based heuristic algorithm that uses a tree search to solve the subproblem. The proposed algorithm can solve benchmark instances with one loading dock with only a 1.3% deviation from the literature's best results. It can also solve real‐world instances with several loading docks in reasonable running times and reduce the total cost by 21.6%, compared to the case where only one loading dock is considered.
The performance of bank portfolio optimization
Authors: Coelho Catarina , Santos José Luis , Júdice Pedro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGiven a liability structure, the bank portfolio optimization determines an asset allocation that maximizes profit, subject to restrictions on Basel III ratios and credit, liquidity, and market risks. Bank allocation models have not been tested using historical data. Using an optimization model based on turnover constraints, we develop such tests, which document the superior performance of optimization strategies compared to heuristic rules, resulting in an average annual out‐of‐sample outperformance of 15.1% in terms of return on equity using our data set. This outperformance is remarkable and contrasts with the reported underperformance of several portfolio optimization methods in the case of investment management.
Suicidal thoughts and behaviours among student nurses and midwives: A systematic review
Authors: Groves Samantha , Lascelles Karen , Hawton Keith 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo synthesize research investigating suicide, suicide attempts, self‐harm and suicide ideation in nursing and midwifery students, a group of interest due to high rates of suicide among qualified nurses. Specific areas of interest for this review included prevalence, factors which may contribute to or mitigate risk and suicide prevention interventions.DesignA systematic review was conducted, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.Data SourcesThree electronic databases were searched, and additional articles identified using hand‐searching. Studies were included if they examined suicide, suicide attempts, self‐harm or suicide ideation in nursing or midwifery students.Review MethodsStudies were deduplicated and assessed for inclusion. Data from included studies were extracted, quality of studies assessed and data synthesized, informed by study focus, design and assessed quality.ResultsAbout 46 studies of largely moderate to low quality were identified. A high‐quality study demonstrated increased risk of suicide in Swedish female nursing students, and increased risk of self‐harm in nursing students of both sexes. Prevalence of suicide ideation did not appear to differ across course year, or between nursing students and students on other programmes. Psychiatric conditions, particularly depression, were associated with suicide ideation. Three studies related to suicide prevention interventions were identified. Integration of wellness initiatives into the curriculum and peer support were preferred interventions among nursing students and teaching staff.ConclusionsTo understand the extent of suicide and self‐harm among nursing and midwifery students there is a need for further epidemiological research stratified by programme of study. To develop prevention interventions and initiatives for nursing students, high‐quality longitudinal studies should examine characteristics associated with suicide and self‐harm.ImpactCurrent findings suggest interventions could include support for students experiencing mental health difficulties, foster peer support, and help develop wellness.No patient or public contribution.