bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cooling Process on Microstructure and Properties of Low Carbon Bainite Steel
Authors: CAO Zhifeng , WANG JiMan , ZHOU Shenggang , YAN Hu 
Published: October 2023

This article used Mn-Mo-Cr-B low-carbon bainitic steel as the experimental material. The continuous cooling transformation curve of the steel during continuous cooling was determined using a Gleeble-1500D thermal simulation test machine, and a corresponding phase transformation model for bainitic steel during continuous cooling was established. The influence of different cooling rates and final cooling temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel was investigated. Employing metallography, SEM, and EBSD techniques, the microstructure, crystallographic orientation, and grain boundary angle distribution of the low-carbon bainitic steel were explored, and their relationship with the steel's strength and toughness was studied. The research findings reveal that varying cooling rates and final cooling temperatures impact the phase transformation process and microstructure of the steel, consequently affecting its mechanical properties indirectly. With increasing cooling rate, the diffusion and fineness of martensite increase, and the quantity of lath bainite grows while the laths become finer. Elevated final cooling temperatures lead to larger martensitic-austenitic (MA) islands and reduced lath bainite quantity, causing the laths to become wider. Through analysis of the substructure of bainitic steel, it was determined that the bainite organization in the tested steel comprises primary austenite grains, lath packet, and lath block in succession. Lath packets are composed of lath blocks with different orientations, where lath size predominantly controls strength. Finer lath size corresponds to higher strength, and the influence of substructure on toughness is comparatively minor.
Décomposition et recomposition des territoires de la vigne et du vin. Exemple de la région Sud-ouest de la Roumanie, l’Olténie
Authors: Rusu Eugen , Enia Florin Alexandru 
Published: October 2023

Après la deuxième guerre mondiale, les vignobles de la Région Olténie ont connu d’importantes transformations structurelles et dimensionnelles. Dans la période communiste, l’axe prioritaire était l’extension des territoires des vignes nobles. La période post communiste est caractérisée par la restructuration et la reconversion des vignobles. Dans les premiers années après 1990 on a constaté une croissance de surfaces cultivées avec des vignes hybrides (moins chères à entretenir) et une diminution des surfaces cultivées avec des vignes nobles (abandon ou changement de destination). Après l’entrée de la Roumanie dans l’UE, la situation est renversée en faveur des vignes de bonne qualité. La Région Olténie a été touchée également par d’autres facteurs qui ont contribués à la décomposition et à la recomposition des territoires des vignes et du vin. La fragmentation post-communiste du parcellaire en lames de parquet, l’abandon ou la destruction des systèmes d’irrigation, l’abandon du travail des terres, les sécheresses, l’érosion éolienne des minces surfaces riches en humus, la déforestation des lisières « pare-brise » et des plantations d’acacia, et l’indifférence et l’impuissance des autorités ont eu des répercussions négatives sur les activités et productions agricoles, y compris sur les vignes et vins. Dans ces circonstances, un processus de désertification s’est installé et beaucoup de vignes ont été abandonnées. Certains cultivateurs ont essayé d’utiliser la vigne comme remède pour valoriser les sols sableux. On note aussi l’apparition de nouvelles plantations de vignes et des nouveaux acteurs sur le marché du vin et sur la carte de l’œnotourisme.
Histoire de la réputation universelle du vin de Chablis. Des origines au milieu du XXème siècle
Authors: Ichikawa Yoshinori 
Published: October 2023

Comment le vin de Chablis a-t-il si grande réputation ? Pour répondre à cette question, le but du présent article est d’étudier comment cette réputation a été fondée dans l’histoire selon les descriptions de son vin dans les médias. Depuis le Moyen-âge nous trouvons beaucoup des descriptions sur le vin de Chablis à Rouen mais cette ville portuaire n’est pas sa destination finale. En passant à Rouen vers l’Angleterre ou à Paris vers la Picardie, les Flandres et le Hainaut, les vins de Chablis sont exportés en Europe du nord. La réputation du chablis traverse la Manche au plus tard au milieu du XVIIème siècle. Les connaisseurs anglais sont influencés par les Français, comme C. REDDING par J.-A. CAVOLEAU et A. HENDERSON par A. JULLIEN dans la première moitié du XIXème siècle. Les anecdotes autour du chablis, comme son mariage avec l’huître et le goût de « la pierre à fusil » sont anciens et inventés par les Français. Malgré la deuxième place attribuée par les spécialistes au XIXème siècle, au-dessous du meursault parmi les vins blancs bourguignons, le chablis est plus connu que le meursault. Ca serait une conséquence des importateurs américains de la deuxième moitié du XXème siècle, comme F. SCHOONMAKER et A. LICHINE qui diffusent le nom de chablis aux Etats-Unis et au monde entier.
Les vignobles catalans : Histoire, géographie et situation économique actuelle
Authors: Molleví Bortoló Gemma 
Published: October 2023

Cet article présente l’évolution historique de la culture de la vigne dans l'actuel territoire de la Communauté Autonome de Catalogne, depuis son origine VIe siècle av. JC. Nous y évoquons les lieux de plantation de la vigne, les sociétés qui ont effectué ces plantations, la façon dont elles furent plantées ainsi que les éléments culturels et religieux liés à cette culture de la vigne. En outre, l’article propose une étude de l'évolution historique de la production de vin, depuis l'arrivée des Grecs à à d'Ampurias (Empuries) jusqu'à nos jours, en passant pour la période romaine, le Moyen-âge, les siècles du grand commerce catalan et la crise phylloxérique à la fin du XIXe siècle. Dans une seconde partie, on analysera la situation actuelle du secteur vitivinicole catalan, en se centrant sur l'établissement des Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée ( « Denominación de Origen »). Actuellement, le secteur vitivinicole est un des secteurs agricoles les plus importants de la Catalogne. Il y a 12 Dénominations d'Origine vinicoles en Catalogne, chacune d'elles étant très différente des autres et ayant sa propre identité.
La viticulture dans l’Oltrepò pavese : capital territorial, innovation et développement local
Authors: Bini Valerio 
Published: October 2023

L’Oltrepò pavese est l’un des territoires italiens qui a lié le plus fortement son identité à la viticulture. Le secteur, tire non seulement l’économie locale depuis des décennies, mais il a implanté un patrimoine de ressources matérielles et immatérielles qui peuvent être utilisées aujourd’hui dans la construction du territoire contemporain. Cet article vise à reconstruire l’évolution du rapport entre le vin et le territoire depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, en mettant l’accent sur les points forts et les points faibles, dans une perspective historique comme future. L’enquête agricole de la fin du XIXe siècle donne un portrait de la situation de la viticulture de l’Oltrepò après la crise du phylloxera et le développement d’une zone de production spécifique. Ensuite, les monographies de secteur permettent de lire les procès d’affirmation et de consolidation de la viticulture locale pendant le XXe siècle, avec la progressive spécialisation productive et la réalisation de la DOC (Denominazione di Origine Controllata – équivalente à l’AOP française) en 1970. L’actualité semble caractérisée par les tentatives de faire face à la croissante compétition internationale à travers deux stratégies potentiellement complémentaires : d’une côté la recherche des marchés étrangers, de l’autre la valorisation de la qualité et de la spécificité locale. La valorisation des spécificités locales sera l’objet d’attentions particulières afin de comprendre l’importance du territoire viticole dans le relance du secteur : dans les dernières années, on observe des dynamiques intéressantes qui visent à la valorisation du capital territorial, à travers la replantation de certains cépages historiques et la promotion d’une viticulture de qualité, multifonctionnelle, souvent liée à l’économie et à la société locale. Les données des derniers recensements généraux de l’agriculture (2000 et 2010) remarquent le développement considérable des formes d’agriculture innovante ; elles présentent des intéressantes perspectives pour l’avenir de la viticulture, mais aussi des exemples d’un rapport plus intégré entre les pôles urbains et les zones rurales à l’échelle départementale aussi bien que régionale. À cet égard, les réseaux sociaux et économiques locaux en plein essor autour du secteur vitivinicole méritent une attention particulière. Dans les dernières années, par exemple, une zone de production spécifique dénommée « Distretto del vino dell’Oltrepò pavese – Bonarda e Pinot nero » a été créée afin de valoriser la viticulture de qualité. L’analyse des entreprises innovantes et de réseaux lancées afin de promouvoir le développement locale permettra d’évaluer l’importance des innovations ainsi que leur potentiel futur.
What is the approach trajectory of enhanced (super?) nucleophiles towards a carbonyl group?
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: October 2023

I have previously commented on the Bürgi–Dunitz angle, this being the preferred approach trajectory of a nucleophile towards the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl group. Some special types of nucleophile such as hydrazines (R
<sub>
2
</sub>
N-NR
<sub>
2
</sub>
) are supposed to have enhanced reactivity[cite]10.1016/S0040-4020(01)93101-1[/cite] due to what might be described as buttressing of adjacent lone pairs.
Bond stretch isomerism. Did this idea first surface 100 years ago?
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: October 2023

The phenomenon of
<em>
bond stretch isomerism
</em>
, two isomers of a compound differing predominantly in just one bond length, is one of those chemical concepts that wax and occasionally wane.[cite]10.1016/S1631-0748(02)01380-2[/cite] Here I explore such isomerism for the elements Ge, Sn and Pb. In one earlier post, I noted a form of bond stretch isomerism that can arise from a Jahn-Teller distortion ending in two different geometries
Celebrating Paul Schleyer: searching for hidden treasures in the structures of metallocene complexes.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: October 2023

A celebration of the life and work of the great chemist Paul von R. Schleyer was held this week in Erlangen, Germany. There were many fantastic talks given by some great chemists describing fascinating chemistry. Here I highlight the presentation given by Andy Streitwieser on the topic of organolithium chemistry, also a great interest of Schleyer&#39;s over the years.
Real hypervalency in a small molecule.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: October 2023

Hypervalency is defined as a molecule that contains one or more main group elements formally bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shell. One example of a molecule so characterised was CLi
<sub>
6
</sub>
[cite]10.1038/355432a0[/cite] where the description &#34;“
<em>
carbon can expand its octet of electrons to form this relatively stable molecule
</em>
” was used.
ESA moves to Wiley and predictably there are problems already
Authors: Mounce Ross 
Published: October 2023

TL;DR summary: ESA data papers should be free to read but Wiley (ESA’s new publishing ‘partner’) just charged me $45.60 yesterday to access one of them. They have done this kind of ‘accidental’ profit-generation before, as have other big publishers. John Wiley &amp;
Pengaruh Etos Kerja, Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan UD. Madyo Lancar Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Aries Saputra  , Sonny Subroto  , Nuril Aulia Munawaroh  
Published: October 2023

The progress of a company cannot be separated from the role of human resources which makes people superior and hopefully able to achieve what they want. When employees in a company do not perform well and competently, it results in the company's operations not being as effective or efficient as possible. One of them is related to Work Ethics, Work Discipline and Employee Performance.
The aim of this research is to determine the influence of work ethic, work discipline and employee performance at Ud. Madyo Lancar. The sample for this research consisted of 35 employees, with a sampling technique using saturated samples. This research uses a quantitative approach method, then the data obtained is processed using SPSS 25.
The research results show that work ethic does not have a significant effect on employee performance variables, with a t test value of 0.543 and a significance value of 0.951 > 0.05. Work discipline has a significant effect on employee performance variables as shown by the t test value of 30.327 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05.
Enredando gênero na educação infantil: cultura visual, imagens disruptivas e prática pedagógica
Authors: Wendt Lucas de Bárbara , Valle Lutiere Dalla 
Published: October 2023

Este artigo examina a intersecção entre gênero e educação no contexto infantil a partir do uso de imagens disruptivas como dispositivos de discussão e reflexividade. Neste contexto, o intuito foi problematizar a potência das imagens na produção de Circunstâncias de Aprendizagem (DELIGNY, 2018) sobre si e os outros no que tange às concepções de gênero e sexualidades na infância. Para tanto, partiu-se de imagens que desafiam estereótipos de gênero amalgamados nos imaginários coletivos com o intuito de promover uma visão mais inclusiva e diversa na construção das identidades na escola. O estudo parte de uma experiência desenvolvida em uma escola de educação infantil com crianças com idades entre quatro e cinco anos. Como metodologia, utilizamos a Perspectiva Narrativa atravessada por autores como Belidson Dias e Guacira Lopes Louro para propor uma Pedagogia Queer; Fernando Hernández no que diz respeito à perspectiva Educativa da Cultura Visual, entre outros. Esta aliança entre os Estudos da Cultura Visual e a Perspectiva Queer possibilitou angariar percursos experimentais baseados na interpretação onde as imagens atuam como dispositivos pedagógicos ao incitar o compartilhamento de narrativas orais sobre o que viram de si mesmas ao estabelecerem relações com seus repertórios socioculturais. Os resultados obtidos sinalizam a urgência, bem como relevância da temática a partir de abordagens que potencializam seus saberes, confrontando discursos hegemônicos, concepções binárias e estereotipadas em busca de enfoques plurais, inclusivos e antidiscriminatórios.
Burned area mapping in Dendang District, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency using sentinel-2
Authors: Yogyanti Galih Citra 
Published: October 2023

Remote Sensing is a way to provide information efficiently both in terms of cost and time. In addition, the use of remote sensing in mapping the burned area can be carried out on a large scale but with a fast time for the prevention of land fires. Monitoring of forest fires is carried out to see locations that often become fire hotspots every year and to prevent frequent land and forest fires.The method used in this study is to map the burned area using multi-temporal data using the Normalized burning Ratio and Normalized burning Ratio 2 indices from Sentinel-2 images in May and September 2019. The trend data can be used to evaluate the moratorium on forest business permits or a peatland. Sentinel 2 has a higher spatial resolution of 20 meters compared to other multispectral images that can be accessed easily and free of charge, so it is suitable to be applied in areas that are not too large and minimizes the value of estimation errors, using Sentinel 2 imagery which has 13 channels will Selected several channels that can be used for index transformation, namely the NBR (Normalized Burn Ratio) and NBR2 (Normalized Burn Ratio2) indexes, both indices utilize Near Infrared, SWIR1, and SWIR2 channels which can provide information about the area after land fires,The research results obtained that burned areas are often identified as barren land, such as peat canals or vacant land. This is because the spectral reflection characteristics of objects in burnt areas are the same as those in non-vegetated land areas when the NBR index is transformed using the NIR, SWIR1 and SWIR2 channels.
Keywords: Forest and land fires, NBR Indices, Sentinel-2.
Effect of Sulphur Levels on Growth and Yield of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.]
Authors: Prajapati Heeralal , Azad Anand Rao , Kher Deepak 
Published: October 2023

In the 2022 rabi season, a field experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm of Sage University, Bhopal (M.P.). The study employed a randomized block design with three replications and a factorial setup, examining the impact of varying Sulphur levels on crop growth and yield. Specifically, six treatments were implemented, encompassing four Sulphur dosage levels: 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg S/ha. The chosen crop variety for this experiment was Rani, aimed at determining the most suitable Sulphur dosage and variety combination for maximizing agricultural production.
The experiment commenced on December 8, 2023, in soil characterized as black soil with a pH of 6.5, organic carbon content of 0.32%, electrical conductivity (EC) measuring 0.33 ds/m, and nutrient levels of 180.4 kg/ha of available nitrogen, 18.4 kg/ha of available phosphorus, 290 kg/ha of available potassium, 7.3 ppm of available Sulphur, and 0.59 ppm of available Zinc.
Results from the study revealed that among the various Sulphur treatments, the application of 60 kg S/ha had a significant impact on various plant characteristics, including plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf area index, number of siliqua per plant, length of siliqua, number of seeds per siliqua, and dry matter accumulation per plant. Notably, this Sulphur dosage level outperformed the 15, 30, and 45 kg S/ha treatments and was superior to the rest of the Sulphur levels.
However, it's important to note that Sulphur dosage did not significantly affect certain parameters such as Harvest index, 1000-grain weight (g), nitrogen content, and protein content. Nevertheless, the application of Sulphur at a rate of 60 kg/ha led to significant increases in seed yield, stover yield, and Sulphur content in both the seed and stover, demonstrating its positive impact on overall crop production.
CsPbBr3@Glass Nanocomposite with Green‐Emitting External Quantum Efficiency of 75% for Backlit Display
Authors: Chen Shuxin , Lin Jidong , Huang Jie , Pang Tao , Ye Qingying , Zheng Yuanhui , Li Xiaoyan , Yu Yunlong , Zhuang Bin , Chen Daqin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRobust amorphous glass protected CsPbBr3 (CsPbBr3@glass) perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) with ultra‐pure green emission and superior long‐term stability are highly desirable for developing wide‐color‐gamut liquid crystal displays. However, most of the reported CsPbBr3@glass nanocomposites are subject to low external quantum efficiency (EQE). This work demonstrates that ZrO2 additive has an “accumulation” effect on the borosilicate glass network structure to promote in situ nucleation/growth of PeQDs inside glass rather than self‐crystallization. This effect is beneficial in reducing surface defects, improving the quality of PeQDs, and thus boosting radiative recombination of excitons. As a consequence, the as‐prepared CsPbBr3@glass shows a record EQE of up to 75% and can pass the accelerated aging tests at 85 °C/85% RH for 1000 h and blue light irradiation over 2000 h. Finally, a prototype display using CsPbBr3@glass‐based straight‐down backlit unit is designed and gains more favorable responses in blind selection tests for its high brightness of 2647 cd m−2 and high color purity of 88%. The findings will pave the way for realizing the commercial application of CsPbBr3@glass nanocomposite in PeQDs‐converted backlit display.
Electric Eel‐Inspired Soft Electrocytes for Solid‐State Power Systems
Authors: Han Won Bae , Kim Dong‐Je , Kim Yong Min , Ko Gwan‐Jin , Shin Jeong‐Woong , Jang Tae‐Min , Han Sungkeun , Kang Heeseok , Lim Jun Hyeon , Eom Chan‐Hwi , Lee Joong Hoon , Yang Seung Min , Rajaram Kaveti , Bandodkar Amay J. , Moon Hong Chul , Hwang Suk‐Won 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs the demand for power systems, including portable ones, is growing at an ever‐faster pace, many studies are approaching to discover innovative materials for current battery technology or replace the existing ones with new systems through mimicking living things or nature. Here, a soft, solid‐state power storage system featuring electric eel‐inspired artificial electric organs capable of converting the chemical potential of an ionic gradient into electricity is introduced. These organs are constructed through the assembly of low and high ion‐concentrated zwitterionic gel films with cation‐ and anion‐selective intermembranes, which generate a rechargeable open‐circuit voltage of ≈135 mV. Combined use of a chemically synthesized room‐temperature ionic liquid and a high‐boiling point organic solvent as ion‐conducting electrolyte allows electric organs to withstand extreme temperatures ranging from −20 and 100 °C, while the thin and stretchable constituent layers facilitate mechanical flexibility without compromising electrical performance. Scalable integration of electric organs in series and parallel configurations achieves high levels of voltage and current outputs, and employment of origami folding geometry enables on‐demand discharge upon self‐registered folding, paving the way for portable, high‐voltage energy sources in the fields of wearable electronics and soft robotics.
Manganese‐Based Nanoparticle Vaccine for Combating Fatal Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: OuYang Xuan , Xu Xican , Qin Qingqing , Dai Chenxi , Wang Hongyu , Liu Shuang , Hu Lingfei , Xiong Xiaolu , Liu Huiyu , Zhou Dongsheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacterial pneumonia is the leading cause of death worldwide among all infectious diseases. However, currently available vaccines against fatal bacterial lung infections, e.g., pneumonic plague, are accompanied by limitations, including insufficient antigen‐adjuvant co‐delivery and inadequate immune stimulation. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop next‐generation vaccines to improve the interaction between antigen and adjuvant, as well as enhance the effects of immune stimulation. This study develops a novel amino‐decorated mesoporous manganese silicate nanoparticle (AMMSN) loaded with rF1‐V10 (rF1‐V10@AMMSN) to prevent pneumonic plague. These results suggest that subcutaneous immunization with rF1‐V10@AMMSN in a prime‐boost strategy induces robust production of rF1‐V10‐specific IgG antibodies with a geometric mean titer of 315,844 at day 42 post‐primary immunization, which confers complete protection to mice against 50 × LD50 of Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) challenge via the aerosolized intratracheal route. Mechanistically, rF1‐V10@AMMSN can be taken up by dendritic cells (DCs) and promote DCs maturation through activation of the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)‐stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and production of type I interferon. This process results in enhanced antigen presentation and promotes rF1‐V10‐mediated protection against Y. pestis infection. This manganese‐based nanoparticle vaccine represents a valuable strategy for combating fatal bacterial pneumonia.