bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Antioxidant and Anti-Cancer Properties of Milk Thistle Extract Against the HepG2 Cells
Authors: Khateeb Sahar , Alrashidi Azizh , Albalawi Jawaher , Alrwes Munera , Aloraini Noura , Almudayni Marzouqah 
Published: February 2025

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third among all cancer-related causes of death worldwide. The primary cause of HCC development is oxidative stress. Milk thistle (MT) contains numerous phytochemicals that contain antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. The goal of this study was to investigate MT's chemical composition and antioxidant activity, as well as its bioactive compound's in vitro anti-cancer efficacy against HepG2 human liver cancer cells.Methods: We analyzed the bioactive components of MT using GC-MS and HPLC methods. The antioxidant activity was measured by the total phenolic, total flavonoid, DPPH, and radical ABTS scavenging. Furthermore, we evaluated the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity using the human cell line HepG2. The MTT test was used to calculate the IC50 values of MT. Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry in the cell lines.Result: Our findings demonstrated that 11 bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential were identified via GC/MS screening. Eighteen bioactive compounds with anti-cancer and antioxidant capabilities were found through HPLC screening. Furthermore, HPLC analysis demonstrated both high quality and number of amino acids. MT stops the growth of HepG2 cells at an IC50 level of 21.727±0.89 μg/ml. Moreover, MT arrested HepG2 cells in the G1 phase and induced apoptosis.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that bioactive MT extract has potential therapeutic effects on cancer cells, highlighting the need for further research to explore its mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment.Keywords: Milk Thistle; Free Radicals; Oxidative Stress; HCC; Anti-oxidants
Density function theory (DFT), spectroscopic, and molecular docking studies of an antidepressant drug
Authors: Azum Naved , Arshad Muhammad Nadeem , Abdul Rub Malik , Asad Mohammad , Alzahrani Khalid Ahmed , Marwani Hadi M 
Published: February 2025

Background: Amitriptyline is specifically recommended for the treatment of anxiety that is associated with depression. Since 1950, authorities have authorized its use for the treatment of severe mood disorders. One of amitriptyline's main antidepressant properties is its ability to block the central nervous system's serotonin and norepinephrine absorption.Methods: In this study, we computed the quantum computation data for amitriptyline (AMT) using density function theory (DFT) and molecular docking techniques. We evaluated the shifts in H-NMR and 13C-NMR using the GIAO approach and compared the obtained results with the experimental spectra. We conducted molecular docking, using two receptors to identify the most optimal interactions between ligands and proteins.Results: The study showed that the geometrical parameters (bond lengths, angles, and torsion angles) from DFT were very close to the experimental data, with an average discrepancy of 0.01 Å to 0.03 Å. We obtained comparable experimental and theoretical spectroscopic data. We performed molecular docking investigations on the 4IB4 and 8IRV proteins.Conclusion: This study investigates the properties of AMT at the quantum mechanical level. This paper meticulously investigates several significant parameters, comparing calculated spectroscopic results (UV, FTIR, HNMR, and CNMR) to experimental data. This study demonstrates the specified molecule's non-linear optical properties. When docking the molecule with the two proteins, we calculate the binding energy to be -8.9 and -9.6 kcal/mol, indicating that the compound merits further investigation for its medicinal applications.Keywords: Amitriptyline; Density function theory; Molecular docking; MEP; ELF
Virtual Screening of Compounds for the Identification of Potential Drug Candidates Targeting the RACK1 Receptor in Liver Cancer
Authors: Aloufi Bandar Hamad 
Published: February 2025

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally and the sixth most common cancer, particularly in the Asia-Pacific and African regions. Liver cirrhosis, a critical precursor to HCC and liver failure, necessitates effective treatment options. Although surgical intervention is the current standard, there is a pressing need for novel therapeutics with improved efficacy and reduced side effects. This study focuses on RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C-Kinase 1), a pivotal protein in cancer progression, as a therapeutic target for HCC.Methods: Protein structures of overexpressed genes in HCC, including RACK1, were retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Active binding sites on RACK1 were identified for potential ligand interactions. A library of 12,000 phytochemicals was sourced from PubChem, ZINC, and MP3D databases and screened against RACK1 using the PyRx virtual screening tool. The top candidates were analyzed for pharmacokinetic properties using ADMETsar. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to study ligand-receptor interactions and validate the potential drug candidates.Results: The study identified promising phytochemical compounds (Pubchem11059920, Pubchem118855584, Pubchem3086637, Pubchem442813 and Pubchem88708) capable of binding to RACK1 with high affinity. These compounds exhibited favorable ADMET properties, indicating their potential as drug candidates. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed stable and significant interactions between the identified ligands and RACK1, supporting their inhibitory potential.Conclusion: This research highlights RACK1 as a viable therapeutic target for HCC. The identified drug candidates demonstrate potential to inhibit RACK1 function, offering a pathway to suppress HCC progression at its early stages. These findings provide a foundation for the development of effective and targeted treatments for HCC.Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), RACK1 receptor, Phytochemical screening, Virtual screening, Molecular dynamics simulation
Sosialisasi Aplikasi Elektronik Siap Nikah dan Siap Hamil (ELSIMIL) Untuk Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Pra Nikah Tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi
Authors: Fikri Haikal , Muhammad Mahadir , Yanti Zuliana Rahma , Huzro Widia Khaeratun , Halqi Muhammad Iswandi , Hilmiati Hilmiati , Elinda Yusnaini , Oktaviantika Ega , Megasari Wita , Yazid Yazman , Sapwan Sapwan , Afrianti Mahram , Haris Muhammad Iskandar , Furqan Baiq Repika Nurul 
Published: February 2025

Pernikahan usia anak dapat mengakibatkan masalah kesehatan reproduksi pada wanita, kesehatan fisik, psikologis, dan psikososial. Proporsi perempuan umur 20-24 tahun yang berstatus kawin atau berstatus hidup bersama sebelum umur 18 tahun di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sebesar 16,23% jika mengacu pada angka nasional sebesar 8,06 % maka Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat masih di atas angka nasional. Sehingga angka perkawinan anak di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan tertinggi secara nasional. Minimnya pengetahuan dan kurangnya pemahaman perempuan tentang dampak keputusan yang diambil untuk melakukan pernikahan usia anak. Tujuan dilakukan sosialisasi adalah untuk memberikan wawasan tambahan terkait kesehatan remaja untuk meminalisis kejadian gangguan kesehatan reproduksi untuk kesiapan berkeluarga serta mencegah terjadinya pernikahan usia anak. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melibatkan remaja Desa Batu Mekar dan Mahasiswa KKN Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Nusa Tenggara Barat berjumlah 55 orang berlokasi di Kantor Desa Batu Mekar Kecamatan Lingsar. Metode yang dilakukan dengan ceramah terkait materi kesehatan reproduksi remaja dan praktek pemanfaatan aplikasi ELSIMIL. Dalam kegiatan sosialisasi dilakukan pre-test dan post-test untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dengan hasil didapatkan ada peningkatan sejumlah 100% sesudah dilakukan sosialisasi.
Penerapan Etika Bisnis Islam Dalam Pengelolaan dan Transaksi di Pasar Tradisional Desa Banyumulek Kecamatan Kediri Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Azmi Ulul , Taqiuddin Habibul Umam , Mashur Mashur 
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan bisnis dalam Islam, tidak boleh dilaksanakan tanpa aturan. Islam memberikan rambu-rambu dan pedoman dalam melakukan kegiatan usaha. Apabila etika bisnis islam diterapkan secara baik dan konsisten dalam berbisnis, maka semua pihak menjadi untung baik pebisnis sendiri, konsumen, maupun lingkungan dan pihak lain yang terlibat dalam proses bisnis tersebut. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah pertama, bagaimanakah konsep etika bisnis Islam dalam pengelolaan bertransaksi di Pasar Tradisional Banyumulek Kecamatan Kediri? Kedua, bagaimanakah efektifitas penerapan etika bisnis Islam dalam pengelolaan dan transaksi di Pasar Tradisional Banyumulek Kecamatan Kediri? Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) konsep etika bisnis Islam yang dilakukan oleh para pedagang pada kegiatan muamalah di Pasar Tradisional Desa Banyumulek adalah berdasarkan pada syariat Islam yaitu dengan mengutamakan nilai-nilai kejujuran, keberkahan, keadilan dan kerjasama. 2) Kedua, penerapan Etika bisnis Islam dalam kegiatan mualamah di Pasar Tradisional Banyumulek berjalan secara efektif dimana para pedagang di Pasar Tradisional Banyumulek mengutamakan nilai-nilai yang mengacu pada konsep kemaslahatan masyarakat sehingga memberikan dampak positif terhadap aktivitas sosial ekonomi di lingkungan Pasar Tradisional Banyumulek.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF THEVETIA PERUVIANA AND RICINUS COMMUNIS SEEDS
Authors: UMEOKA N.  , OHAZURIKE N. C.  , MBAGWU F. N.  
Published: February 2025

This paper assessed the comparative study of the physicochemical profile of yellow oleander and castor oil seeds. The fruits were air dried, cracked to remove the seed; the seeds were pound in a mortar and pestle into paste (cake) in order to weaken or rupture the kernel walls. Fluid from the paste were squeezed out and packaged in airtight sample plastics and stored in the refrigerator at 4 ºC prior to laboratory analysis. The physicochemical properties such as iodine value, moisture content, saponification value, acid value, viscosity, specific gravity and refractive index were determined. At the end of the analysis, Iodine value obtained for both yellow oleander and castor oil seed samples were found to be 94gI2/100g and 86gI2/100g respectively and both values fall within the acceptable AOCS limit. The moisture content in both yellow oleander and Castor oil seed samples were found to be 0.52% and 0.35% respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P≤0.005) among the values obtained. The saponification value obtained for yellow oleander and Castor oil seed samples were found to be 193mgKOH/g and 180mgKOH/g respectively and are within the range specified by AOCS. There were significant differences (p≤0.05) among the values obtained. The acid value obtained for both yellow oleander and Castor oil seed samples were found to be 18.46mgKOH/g and 12.66mgKOH/g respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (P≤0.05) among the values obtained. The value for castor oil exceeds the AOCS limit of 2.0 mgKOH/g. Kinematic viscosity obtained were 7.8mm2/s and 6.9mm2/s for yellow oleander and Castor oil respectively. These are within the range specified by AOCS. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) among the values obtained. Refractive index measured was found to be 1.469 and 1.468 for yellow oleander and castor oil respectively. These are within the range specified by AOCS. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) among the values obtained. Specific gravity measured was found to be 0.925 and 0.9166 for yellow oleander and castor oil respectively. These are within the range specified by AOCS. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P≤0.05) among the values obtained. The physicochemical profile of the seed samples investigated contains presence of some valuable minerals which suggest that they can be used for industrial purposes such as soap and oil as biodiesel.
EFFECTS OF COLLABORATIVE-TEAM AND INDIGENOUS-INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON PUPILS’ ACHIEVEMENTS IN MATHEMATICS AT BASIC EDUCATION LEVEL IN SOUTH-EAST GEO-POLITICAL ZONE, NIGERIA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: OYEGOKE, DEBORAH ADEPEJU  , UBANI-ROBERTS, FLORENCE OLUCHI  , ADUBUOLA, ELIZABETH OLAOLUWA  
Published: February 2025

The design adopted in this study was quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest, control group with 3 X 2 factorial matrix. The variables of the study comprised independent variable (instructional strategies operated at three levels), moderating variable (gender operated at two level) and dependent variable (achievement in Mathematics). The population of the study consisted all primary three pupils in the five states (Anambra, Imo, Abia, Enugu and Ebonyi) of South- East geopolitical zone in Nigeria. Sampling was carried out at multi-stage levels. Two states were randomly selected, the primary schools in each of the selected states were clustered according to the local government areas. One local government areas were randomly chosen from each of the selected states making a total of two local government areas. Three (3) primary schools were randomly chosen from each of the selected local government areas making a total of six (6) primary schools. The selected schools were randomly assigned treatments. The intact classes of the selected primary schools were used for the study. The sample size was one hundred and forty-four pupils (144). Three stimulus treatment packages (Collaborative Team Instructional Package (CTIP), Indigenous Instructional Package (IIP) and Conventional Instructional Package (CIP). Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT with Lawshe’s Content Validity Index 0.85; r = 0.89) was developed by the researchers and served as a response instrument. Data were analysed with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) using pretest as covariates. The findings of the study showed that instructional strategies showed a significant effect on pupils’ achievement in Mathematics. Pupils taught with bilingual instruction (F (1, 137) = 123.161, p<0.05) produced better performance than those taught with collaborative team and foreign language instructions. The study concludes that bilingual instruction produced a better performance than collaborative team and convectional instructions. The study recommends that bilingual instructional strategy should be used by Mathematics teachers in Basic schools to produce better achievement in Mathematics.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Pregnant Women Regarding Iron Deficiency Anemia attending obstetrics OPD Teaching Hospital D.G. Khan
Authors: Shah Syed M. Asif , Aslam Usman , Bashir Fatima , Maryam Wania , Madni Bilal , Maqbool Farina 
Published: February 2025

Anemia in pregnancy is a serious risk to maternal and fetal health. This study was conducted to assess the KAP of pregnant women regarding anemia to identify gaps and propose interventions. A total of 200 women participated in this cross-sectional study, including 180 stay-at-home mothers and 20 working women, with a mean age of 23.44 ± 10.2 years. Most participants had a BMI between 18.9–23.5 kg/m². Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed for KAP patterns. While 54% of the participants recognized that anemia is more common in pregnancy, only 1% knew that combining an iron-rich diet with supplements could prevent it. Furthermore, 9% understood the impact of iron deficiency on fetal growth, and 51.5% were aware of the availability of free iron supplements in government facilities. Regarding attitudes, 51.9% of women agreed on the importance of a healthy diet and supplements, but only 16% emphasized regular check-ups. Practices showed that 74.8% followed a routine diet without focusing on iron-rich foods, and only 3.1% used iron supplements. The study highlights significant gaps in knowledge and practices related to anemia prevention during pregnancy, despite moderate awareness of supplement availability. Targeted health education programs are essential to bridge these gaps, promote iron-rich diets, and encourage supplement use to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Development Graphic Organizers as Web-Based Learning in Writing an Opinion Essay
Authors: Lambe Livianni , Degeng I Nyoman Sudana , Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Praherdhiono Henry 
Published: February 2025

The study aims to describe the development process of readymade Graphic organizers applied in Web-Based Learning (WBL) to increase students writing ability of opinion essays. The method was R and D using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). To obtain the data, the researcher used a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert Scale. The questionnaires were distributed to experts and users and the result divulged the overall average 4.616 (4.62) categorized perfectly. The product was able to work well whereas the readymade graphic organizers assisted learners to write their opinion essays cohesively and coherently. The learning materials in this WBL use Youtube to help students learn about elements of writing and language individually and independently. When developing this product in web-based learning, it cognized ethical dimension, institution, management, technology, pedagogy, interface system, source, and evaluation. The graphic organizer applied on web-based learning endowed positive values to lectures and scholars.
Pemberdayaan Komoditas Masyarakat Melalui "Pembuatan Sweet Papaya" Untuk Peningkatan Potensi Mutu Usaha Di Desa Pandak
Authors: Agusti Widyantoro Dhenta , Indah Rahmawati Alviana , Dani AL Novia , Irawan F. Ferry 
Published: February 2025

Menurut Dinas Pertanian dan Perikanan Kabupaten Ponorogo, komoditi pepaya di Kabupaten Ponorogo tahun 2018 mencapai 91.408 Kuintal dengan perkiraan harga sebesar Rp. 4.000/kg. Pengolahan pepaya sebagai produk agribisnis penting dilakukan karena pepaya memiliki sifat yang mudah rusak atau mudah busuk sehingga perlu pengawetan untuk memperpanjang masa simpan dan sejauh ini pepaya lebih banyak dikonsumsi dalam bentuk buah. Masyarakat desa Pandak Balong banyak yang membudidayakan buah pepaya di perkebunannya. Masyarakat masih cenderung menjual sebatas buah saja. Melalui program KKN Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo dengan metode pengumpulan data dalam bentuk survey, pengamatan, dan terjun langsung. Dengan hasil capaian kami menginovaiskan buah pepaya menjadi manisan. inovasi menjadi manisan menjadikan buah pepaya lebih tahan lama, memiliki cita rasa yang berbeda, dan kemasannya lebih praktis. Dengan adanya produk olahan “Sweet Papaya” (manisan pepaya) akan meningkatkan nilai jual buah pepaya dan perekonomian masyarakat desa Pandak dapat berkembang dan meningkat lagi.
Pendampingan dan Pembuatan Akun Shopee untuk Mewujudkan Digitalisasi UMKM
Authors: Rahmawati Alvina Eka , Ifana Ayu Meilia , Arviana Ekyk , Arifin Rizal 
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the mentoring and account creation activities for the Ken Ayu pecel sauce UMKM is to help develop the business, especially in terms of digital-based marketing, which is expected to create economic independence and increase business income from Ken Ayu pecel sauce. This study uses a qualitative method by conducting interviews, approaching UMKM owners, and documentation. Mentoring and account creation were carried out on August 19, 2024 at the house of Mrs. Sumarmi, Bringinan Village, Ponorogo Regency. It is hoped that with this activity, independence and expertise will be formed in carrying out digital-based marketing in order to adapt and compete with other UMKM actors. The results of this study are the success of the mentoring and account creation activities for Mrs. Sumarmi's Ken Ayu pecel sauce business in Bringinan Village in order to increase the number of sales with a wider and more efficient reach.
Default Palliative Care Consultation for Seriously Ill Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Courtright Katherine R. , Madden Vanessa , Bayes Brian , Chowdhury Marzana , Whitman Casey , Small Dylan S. , Harhay Michael O. , Parra Suzanne , Cooney-Zingman Elizabeth , Ersek Mary , Escobar Gabriel J. , Hill Sarah H. , Halpern Scott D. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceIncreasing inpatient palliative care delivery is prioritized, but large-scale, experimental evidence of its effectiveness is lacking.ObjectiveTo determine whether ordering palliative care consultation by default for seriously ill hospitalized patients without requiring greater palliative care staffing increased consultations and improved outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster randomized trial was conducted among patients 65 years or older with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, or kidney failure admitted from March 21, 2016, through November 14, 2018, to 11 US hospitals. Outcome data collection ended on January 31, 2019.InterventionOrdering palliative care consultation by default for eligible patients, while allowing clinicians to opt-out, was compared with usual care, in which clinicians could choose to order palliative care.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was hospital length of stay, with deaths coded as the longest length of stay, and secondary end points included palliative care consult rate, discharge to hospice, do-not-resuscitate orders, and in-hospital mortality.ResultsOf 34 239 patients enrolled, 24 065 had lengths of stay of at least 72 hours and were included in the primary analytic sample (10 313 in the default order group and 13 752 in the usual care group; 13 338 [55.4%] women; mean age, 77.9 years). A higher percentage of patients in the default order group received palliative care consultation than in the standard care group (43.9% vs 16.6%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.17 [95% CI, 4.59-5.81]) and received consultation earlier (mean [SD] of 3.4 [2.6] days after admission vs 4.6 [4.8] days; P &amp;lt; .001). Length of stay did not differ between the default order and usual care groups (percent difference in median length of stay, −0.53% [95% CI, −3.51% to 2.53%]). Patients in the default order group had higher rates of do-not-resuscitate orders at discharge (aOR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.21-1.63]) and discharge to hospice (aOR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.07-1.57]) than the usual care group, and similar in-hospital mortality (4.7% vs 4.2%; aOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.68-1.08]).Conclusions and RelevanceDefault palliative care consult orders did not reduce length of stay for older, hospitalized patients with advanced chronic illnesses, but did improve the rate and timing of consultation and some end-of-life care processes.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02505035