bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryptosporidium infections in asymptomatic calves up to 4 months in Poland: a cross-sectional population study
Authors: Rzeżutka Artur , Kaupke Agnieszka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCattle cryptosporidiosis is noted worldwide with varied frequency of infection prevalence depending on geographical, environmental and husbandry factors. In this study, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections in cattle was determined on the basis of molecular results obtained by testing 1601 faecal samples collected from calves up to 4 months of age housed in all Polish provinces from 2014 to 2018. Detection and identification of Cryptosporidium species was performed at the 18 small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) locus by conducting PCR–RFLP analysis of the amplified DNA fragments. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium infections in the cattle population was 45.3% (CI 95%: 42.8–47.7; 725/1601). The infected animals were housed on 233/267 (87.3%) of monitored farms with regional prevalence ranging from 27.8 to 62%. The restriction pattern of 18S rRNA amplicons for positive samples was characteristic of C. parvum, C. bovis, C. ryanae, C. andersoni, and unexpectedly also of C. baileyi and C. suis. Infections of C. bovis and C. ryanae prevailed in the studied cattle population relegating C. parvum to third in prevalence. Likewise, mixed infections caused by C. bovis and C. ryanae as well as C. parvum and C. bovis were observed. A relationship between the infecting parasite species and animal breed was found. For instance, C. parvum prevailed in Black and White lowland breed, C. ryanae in Limousine cattle and C. andersoni in dairy animals of mixed dairy breeds. Furthermore, differences in prevalence of particular parasite species between cattle breeds were also shown.
Associations between grip strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk and mental health in forcibly displaced people from a Greek refugee camp
Authors: Gerber Markus , Filippou Konstantinia , Knappe Florian , Morres Ioannis D. , Tzormpatzakis Emmanouil , Havas Elsa , Seelig Harald , Colledge Flora , Ludyga Sebastian , Meier Marianne , Theodorakis Yannis , von Känel Roland , Pühse Uwe , Hatzigeorgiadis Antonis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMuscular strength represents a specific component of health-related fitness. Hand grip strength is used as a simple and dynamic marker of maximum voluntary force of the hand and to estimate overall strength. Today, little is known about the relationship between grip strength and health in forcibly displaced populations. In the present study, we examined whether grip strength is associated with various health outcomes in a sample of forcibly displaced people living in a Greek refugee camp. The present analyses are part of a larger pragmatic randomized controlled trial. In this paper, cross-sectional baseline data of 143 participants (71 men, 72 women) will be presented. In addition to grip strength, the following physical and mental health outcomes were assessed: body weight and body composition, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose levels (HbA1c), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive and anxiety symptoms, pain, and quality of life. Linear regression analyses were carried out to examine how grip strength is associated with the health outcomes, separately for absolute and normalized grip strength scores. Grip strength was positively and strongly associated with percentage muscle mass (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.58, p < .001), whereas a negative association existed for percentage body fat (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = − 0.58, p < .001). No statistically significant associations occurred between grip strength and the other cardiovascular risk markers. In contrast, we found that participants with higher normalized grip strength reported higher levels of PTSD (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.36, p < .05) and depressive symptoms (normalized grip strength: Stand. B = 0.29, p < .05). No significant association occurred between grip strength, anxiety, pain and quality of life. Measuring grip strength in forcibly displaced people can be a useful way to assess their overall muscle strength. Grip strength tests are easy to implement, and results can be used to assess the effects of specific intervention measures. Nevertheless, our results question the usefulness of grip strength as a marker of cardiovascular health and mental wellbeing in a refugee camp setting.
A comparative analysis of genes differentially expressed between rete testis cells and Sertoli cells of the mouse testis
Authors: Malolina Ekaterina A. , Galiakberova Adelya A. , Mun Valery V. , Sabirov Marat S. , Dashinimaev Erdem B. , Kulibin Andrey Yu. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rete testis (RT) is a region of the mammalian testis that plays an important role in testicular physiology. The RT epithelium consists of cells sharing some well-known gene markers with supporting Sertoli cells (SCs). However, little is known about the differences in gene expression between these two cell populations. Here, we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to obtain pure cultures of neonatal RT cells and SCs and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these cell types using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We then compared our data with the RNA-seq data of other studies that examined RT cells and SCs of mice of different ages and generated a list of DEGs permanently upregulated in RT cells throughout testis development and in culture, which included 86 genes, and a list of 79 DEGs permanently upregulated in SCs. The analysis of studies on DMRT1 function revealed that nearly half of the permanent DEGs could be regulated by this SC upregulated transcription factor. We suggest that useful cell lineage markers and candidate genes for the specification of both RT cells and SCs may be present among these permanent DEGs.
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in bronchiectasis patients and their association with disease severity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Oweidat Khaled , Marie Dana , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Jaber Dunia Z. , Ahmed Khalid E. , Abu Alragheb Bayan O. , Albtoosh Asma S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease characterized by recurrent respiratory symptoms. Several studies demonstrated that psychological comorbidities are common in patients with bronchiectasis. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in bronchiectasis patients and assess their association with disease severity. In this cross-sectional study, we included patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis. The study was conducted using an interviewer-administered questionnaire via phone calls and data collected from the electronic medical records at JUH. The questionnaire included patients’ demographics and disease characteristics. Anxiety and depression were assessed using GAD7 and PHQ9 respectively. Bronchiectasis disease severity was assessed using BSI and FACED score. The total number of included patients was 133. Moreover, 53.4% of the participants were females while the rest were males (46.6%). PHQ9 demonstrated that 65.4% of the patients had depression. Regarding anxiety, GAD7 scale showed that 54.1% of the patients had anxiety. Pearson correlation showed that bronchiectasis severity index was significantly associated only with PHQ9 depression scores (r = 0.212, P value = 0.014). The prevalence of depression and anxiety is high among patients with bronchiectasis. We believe that patients affected with bronchiectasis should be screened for depression to improve their quality of life.
Comparing closed versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy for management of chronic anal fissure: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials
Authors: Asefa Zelalem , Awedew Atalel Fentahun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChronic anal fissure is one of the most common benign anorectal health conditions, causing significant morbidity, quality of life, and economic loss. Eight randomized controlled trials with a total population size of 1035 were eligible for analysis. Seven studies included both males and female, while one only included females. The majority of randomized controlled trials involved female dominance [54.9% (43.5–66.3)] and posterior midline location [86.1% (95% CI 81.5–90.8%)]. This meta-analysis of randomised control trials found that overall postoperative healing was 90.2%, recurrent anal fissure was 3.7%, and postoperative incontinence was 8.9% after LIS. Even though there was no statistically significant difference, closed lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) had higher rates of recurrent anal fissure (RR = 1.73 (95% CI 0.86–3.47, p = 0.90, I2 = 0%) and lower rates of postoperative incontinence rate (RR = 0.60 (95% CI 0.37–0.96, p = 0.76, I2-0) as compared with open LIS. We recommended that closed lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) is a safe and effective surgical treatment option for chronic anal fissures.
A comparative analysis of compression bearing capacity in recycled concrete brick walls and composite walls incorporating coal-ash blocks
Authors: Li Jianhua , Xu Xueyong , Liu Xiaoqin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the face of the problem of waste disposal in the demolition of concrete structures, a composite wall composed of recycled concrete bricks and fly ash blocks was proposed, and based on the previous thermal performance research, its axial compression performance were further studied. Four types of walls were designed and constructed: (1) clay brick masonry (CBM), (2) recycled concrete brick masonry (RBM), (3) bilateral clay bricks masonry with coal-ash blocks sandwich insulation wall (CFCM), and (4) bilateral recycled concrete bricks masonry with coal-ash blocks sandwich insulation wall (RFRM). The test results showed that recycled concrete brick masonry exhibited a higher bearing capacity than clay brick masonry. The ultimate load of RBM was 15% higher than that of CBM. Moreover, the ultimate load of CFCM was 21% higher than that of CBM. Following the addition of sandwich coal-ash blocks in RBM, its ultimate load increased by over 42% than that of CBM. Following the addition of coal-ash blocks sandwich in both clay and recycled concrete bricks masonry, both the bearing capacity and strain exhibited improvement, the yielding load and compressive strength of them increased. Thus, it could be concluded that coal-ash blocks improved its bearing capacity. Based on the analysis of the axial compression tests, a theoretical computational model was developed and a computational expression to explain the compressive bearing capacity of a two-sided brick with coal-ash blocks sandwich insulation wall. Comparisons between the test ultimate loads (FT) and the estimated ultimate loads (FE) confirmed the accuracy of the theoretical calculation model for the compressive bearing capacity. Thus, theoretical computational models are highly recommended for the design of two-sided bricks with insulating walls constructed from coal-ash blocks being sandwiched together. This study provides a theoretical basis for the engineering application of recycled concrete brick wall and fly ash block composite wall.
Research on storage stability differences between ceftriaxone sodium products
Authors: Qi Shuye , Chong Xiaomeng , Yao Shangchen , Ning Baoming , Hu Changqin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe conditions and mechanisms leading to stability differences between ceftriaxone sodium products were examined to ensure drug quality and efficacy. We used a combination of powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis to examine the differences between preparations for injection from different pharmaceutical processes to elucidate the changed processes by exposing samples to different humidity and high-temperature conditions. Water loss or absorption due to varying environmental humidity levels did not adversely affect the crystal structure, but could lead to the reversible redistribution of hepta-hydrate in the unit cell of generic products, causing its stability change. The irreversible distribution of hydrate may occur when generic drugs stored at 25 °C, whereas the brand-name products remained stable at 40 °C. Therefore, generic ceftriaxone sodium and its powder preparations would be acceptable by better controlled sealing and storing under cool conditions during storage period to meet the efficacy and stability.
In‐memory multibit multiplication and accumulation based on an automatic pulse generation circuit
Authors: Bai Su , Guo Jiaqi , Liu Yunlong , Xu Yaohua , Peng Chunyu , Wu Xiulong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractComputing‐in‐memory (CIM) is a promising technique for solving the ‘memory wall’ and ‘power consumption wall’ problems. However, calculations in the analog domain are limited in terms of accuracy and sensitivity to process, voltage, and temperature changes. In this study, the authors proposed a CIM multiply‐and‐accumulate (MAC) circuit in which the MAC result was reflected by the pulse edge and converted into the final digital output using a dual‐edge counter quantization circuit, thereby improving the accuracy of the MAC operation and reducing the difficulty of quantization. The performance of the proposed CIM circuit was evaluated using a 28‐nm process. It could achieve 4‐bit multiplication without errors, with an energy efficiency of 24.38 to 670.86 TOPS/W.
High voltage gain switched z‐source inverter with low current stress
Authors: Zarei Golaleh , Babaei Ebrahim , Sharifian Mohammad Bagher Bannae , Aghaei Hadi , Shokati Asl Elias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a switched Z‐source inverter with high voltage gain and low current stress on elements. Also, a new switching method corresponding to the proposed topology is introduced. This method is based on the usual Maximum Constant Boost (MCB) method. Hence, it has the advantages of the MCB method, such as low voltage stress on the inverter switches and high voltage gain. Also, eliminating part of the inverter's switching in this modulation method improves the inverter's efficiency. In addition to the Shoot‐Through (ST) duty cycle, another variable (N) affects the inverter's boost factor in this switching method. The proposed inverter's dynamic analysis shows that introducing N in the modulation method improved the dynamic characteristic of the inverter. Also, this variable as a control input can stabilize the dc side of the inverter in the closed‐loop control of the inverter. For the proposed topology, steady‐state analysis, dynamic analysis, elements design and efficiency calculation are performed. Also, the proposed topology is compared with the conventional topologies regarding boost factor, the number of elements, current stress on elements and efficiency to show its superiority. Finally, the experimental results are presented to verify theoretical discussions.
Sarkopenie als unabhängiger Prognosefaktor bei Pankreaskarzinom
Authors: Mandl Johanna , Baumer Sebastian , Holtzem Bernadette , Theurer Rainer , Zorger Niels , Pech Oliver 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Diagnose Pankreaskarzinom zählt trotz modernster Diagnose- und Therapieoptionen zu den häufigsten krebsbedingten globalen Todesursachen. Häufig liegt bei diesen Patienten eine Kachexie und Sarkopenie vor.
Methode In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurde die jeweilige Querschnittsfläche der Skelettmuskulatur auf Höhe des Lendenwirbelkörpers L 3 im axialen CT-Schnittbild von 121 Patienten bestimmt, um so den Skelettmuskelindex (SMI [cm2/m2]) zu erhalten. Es erfolgte außerdem eine Erfassung weiterer Parameter zur zusätzlichen Evaluation deren Assoziation mit der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit.
Ergebnisse Die durchschnittliche Überlebenszeit der Gruppe der sarkopenen Patienten war mit 14,4 Monaten im Vergleich zu 17,7 Monaten mittlerer Überlebenszeit bei Patienten ohne Sarkopenie signifikant vermindert (p=0,046). Zusätzlich konnten das Alter (p = 0,006), eine nicht erfolgte Resektion des Tumors (p=0,004), Metastasen bei Erstdiagnose (p=0,002) sowie ein erhöhtes CA 19–9 (p=0,002) als statistisch signifikante negative Prognosefaktoren identifiziert werden.
Schlussfolgerung Sarkopenie ist ein unabhängiger prognostischer Faktor in Bezug auf die Überlebenszeit bei Pankreaskarzinompatienten. Dies legt die standardmäßige Integration des SMI als Prognoseparameter in den klinischen Alltag nahe, um durch entsprechende präventive und therapeutische ernährungs- und bewegungsmedizinische Maßnahmen möglicherweise die Lebensdauer sowie die Lebensqualität von Pankreaskarzinompatienten merklich verbessern zu können.
Gesundheits-Apps zur Unterstützung von Brustkrebspatientinnen während der Behandlung und der Nachsorgezeit in Deutschland: eine systematische Überprüfung
Authors: Gomm Susanne Ingrid Marianne , Ebner Florian K. , Lukac Stefan , El Taie Ziad , Janni Wolfgang , Schmidt-Straßburger Uta , Stoinschek Barbara , Dayan Davut 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zweck Systematische Auswertung der Gesundheitsapps, die zur Unterstützung und Hilfe bei der Fernüberwachung von Patientinnen während der Brustkrebsbehandlung und der Nachbetreuung entwickelt wurden.
Methodik Es erfolgte eine systematische Suche und Bewertung der Apps anhand der Suchbegriffe: Brustkrebs; Brustkrebstherapie; und Brustkrebsnachbetreuung. Die Evaluationskriterien waren Nutzerbewertungen, wissenschaftliche Publikationen zu Vorteilen, Benutzerfreundlichkeit, Datenschutz, App-Individualisierung, Motivation und finanzielle Aspekte. Pro Kriterium konnten bis zu 2 Punkte (P) vergeben werden. Der niedrigste mögliche Score betrug 0 P und der höchstmögliche 28 P. Drei Forschende aus verschiedenen Institutionen bewerteten die Apps unabhängig anhand der festgelegten Kriterien. Als Referenzwert wurde der von den Forschenden angegebene Durchschnittswert definiert. Apps mit > 18 P wurden als „zu empfehlen“, ≥ 11– ≤ 18 P als „teilweise zu empfehlen“ und ≤ 10 P als „nicht zu empfehlen“ eingestuft.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt konnten über eine Suchanfrage 776 Apps (n = 24 aus dem „Apple App Store“, n = 752 aus dem „Google Play Store“) identifiziert werden. Nach Anwendung der Ausschlusskriterien wurden 36 Apps (n = 1 aus dem „Apple App Store“; n = 35 aus dem „Google Play Store“) evaluiert. Anhand des Mittelwerts der von den Forschenden vergebenen Punkte wurden 20 Apps als „nicht zu empfehlen“ und 12 als „teilweise zu empfehlen“ (≥ 11– ≤ 18 P) eingestuft. Vier Apps wurden von 2 Forschenden teilweise empfohlen und von einem Forschenden empfohlen. Drei Apps wurden von allen Forschenden als „empfehlenswert“ eingestuft.
Fazit Nur einige wenige der verfügbaren Apps erfüllen die Empfehlungskriterien. Die Verwendung dieser Apps kann Brustkrebspatientinnen zugutekommen.
Cannabis in der Onkologie – viel Rauch um nichts?
Authors: Burkhard-Meier Anton , Rémi Constanze , Lindner Lars H. , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDie medizinische Verwendung von Cannabis hat in den letzten Jahren in Europa und Nordamerika an Popularität gewonnen. Cannabinoide sind sowohl als Fertigarzneimittel als auch in Blüten- und Extraktform verfügbar. Der vorliegende Artikel legt den Fokus auf die supportive Therapie onkologischer Patienten. Mögliche Indikationen sind Schmerzen, Chemotherapie-bedingte Übelkeit und Erbrechen, Appetitlosigkeit und Geschmacksveränderungen. Trotz des enormen Hypes um Cannabis als Medizin ist die Evidenz für dessen Anwendung bei onkologischen Patienten unzureichend. Palliativpatienten mit refraktären Symptomen könnten jedoch geeignete Kandidaten für einen Therapieversuch darstellen. Der entscheidende Parameter für die Auswahl eines Cannabis-Arzneimittels ist die THC/CBD-Ratio. Orale Einnahmeformen bieten sich gerade für Cannabis-naive und ältere Patienten an. Psychische und kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen sind nicht zu unterschätzen.
Herbage yield stability of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) genotypes across rain-fed environments
Authors: Vosough Ali , Jafari Ali Ashraf , Karami Ezzat , Safari Hooshmand , Talebi Reza 
Published: November 2023

Cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a cool-season perennial grass that naturally grows in semi-steppe rangelands in Iran. In recent years, as a result of climate change, coupled with high livestock grazing, rangeland productivity has decreased. This study aimed to analyse the stability of forage dry matter (DM) production of 36 cocksfoot genotypes across four rain-fed environments (Ardebil, Zanjan, Hamadan, and Kermanshah) in Iran. At each location, an experiment was conducted using a randomised complete-block design (RCBD) with three replications over 2 years. The result of combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) across locations showed significant effects of environment (E), genotype (G), and GE interaction (P < 0.01) for DM yield. The E, G and GE interaction effects accounted for 33.19%, 17.98% and 40.52% of the total variance respectively. The GE interaction was subsequently investigated using regression stability, Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), and genotype main effect (G) plus genotype–environment (GE) interaction (GGE) biplot analysis. According to the regression method, genotypes G2, G3, G11 and G12 with a slope close to unity, coupled with high production, had good general stability in all locations. In addition, some genotypes were specifically identified for poor- and high-performing environments. According to the AMMI-2, IPC1 vs IPC2 biplot, genotypes G2, G10, G11, G14 and G15, placed close to the origin of the biplot coupled with higher production, showed general stability in all environments. The best genotypes for the respective environments were also determined. Using the GGE biplot, genotypes G2, G3, G11 and G12 were more stable in all environments. Therefore, on the basis of all analytical methods, three local genotypes, G2 (Karaj), G3 (Marand) and G11 (Qazvin), and a foreign genotype, G14 (from, USA), were identified as most suitable genotypes for breeding improved varieties and cultivation in the study locations and similar areas.
Analysis of external modification devices and framing moves in request emails
Authors: Sun Yuqing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the pragmatic competence of writing request emails by Chinese learners of Japanese (CLJs). The study focused on the features of the external modification devices and framing moves of request emails by CLJs when compared to emails by native speakers of Japanese (NSJs). Data were collected from 104 CLJs and 53 NSJs, using an Electronic Writing Discourse Completion Test questionnaire. One-way ANOVA results showed that as the CLJs’ levels of proficiency in Japanese increased, their use of external modification devices and framing moves tended to increase. In addition, a Fisher’s exact test showed that as the CLJs’ proficiency increased, a distinct statistical difference only existed in the use of individual framing moves, but not in that of individual external modification devices. This study provides conceptual categories and utterances used in both external modification devices and framing moves for teaching email communication to CLJs.