bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between triglyceride-glucose index and bone mineral density in US adults: a cross sectional study
Authors: Zhan Huixia , Liu Xinyu , Piao Shenghua , Rong Xianglu , Guo Jiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
Disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism have been shown to exert an influence on bone metabolism. The TyG index, which combines measures of glucose and triglycerides, provides insights into the overall metabolic status. However, the investigation of concurrent disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism and their specific implications for bone metabolism remains limited in the existing research literature. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the TyG index and bone mineral density (BMD) in US adults.

Methods
In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), subjects were classified based on the TyG index into four groups (< 7.97, 7.97–8.39, 8.39–8.85, > 8.86). Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the β value and 95% confidence interval (CI). Four multivariable models were constructed. Restricted cubic spline analyses and piecewise linear regression were employed to identify the association between the BMD and TyG index. An analysis of subgroups was also conducted in this study.

Results
Significant variations in related characteristics were found among the US adult population, who were distributed into four groups based on the quartiles of the TyG index. A negative correlation between the TyG index and lumbar spine BMD was observed. In the multi-adjusted models, compared to Q1 of the TyG index, the β for Q4 of the TyG index for lumbar spine BMD was [β = − 0.008, 95% CI (− 0.017, 0)] in US adults. The association between the TyG index and lumbar spine BMD was found to be nonlinear (all nonlinear p < 0.001), with a threshold value based on restricted cubic spline analyses. Above the threshold point, the β for lumbar spine BMD was − 0.042 (95% CI, − 0.059, − 0.024). Below the threshold points, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). No significant interactions were observed among subgroups based on age, gender, presence of diabetes, BMI, and use of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agents. Similar patterns of association were observed in total and subtotal bone density.

Conclusions
This study identified a nonlinear association between the TyG index and BMD in the US population. Furthermore, an increased level of the TyG index may indicate a higher risk of osteoporosis among US adults. These findings highlight the importance of considering glucose and lipid metabolism disturbances in understanding bone health and the potential for developing preventive strategies for osteoporosis.
The favorable outcome of Bernese periacetabular osteotomy for the hip osteoarthritis in multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
Authors: Chang Yao-Yuan , Lee Chia-Che , Lin Sheng-Chieh , Kuo Ken N. , Chang Jia-Feng , Wu Kuan-Wen , Wang Ting-Ming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is a rare congenital bone dysplasia. Patients with MED develop secondary hip osteoarthritis as early as the third to the fourth decade. Currently, there is no consensus on the prevention of the progressive hip osteoarthritis secondary to MED. The Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a joint-preserving surgery to reshape acetabulum and extend femoral head coverage. However, there is no documentary evidence for the effect of the procedure on MED hips.

Patients and methods
We analyzed the preliminary outcomes following the Bernese PAO in 6 MED hips. The average age at the time of surgery was 14.3 years (range from 11.4 to 17.2 years). For our study interest of time efficiency, radiographic parameters were analyzed preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The hip function was evaluated by the Harris Hip Score (HHS) before and after surgery.

Results
The mean follow-up time was 1.7 years. The mean lateral center–edge angle increased from 3.8° to 47.1° (p = 0.02), anterior center–edge angle increased from 7.3° to 35.1° (p = 0.02), and acetabulum index decreased from 27.8° to 14.6° (p = 0.04). The femoral head coverage ratio increased from 66.8% to 100% (p = 0.02). The post-operative anteroposterior pelvic radiograph demonstrated all preoperative broken Shenton lines were reversed. The mean HHS improved from 67.3 to 86.7 (p = 0.05).

Conclusion
Bernese PAO is a feasible treatment for hip disorders in MED patients. It reshapes acetabular and femoral morphology efficiently. In our study, the preliminary results showed the procedure not only improved radiographic outcomes but also hip function.
MGA-seq: robust identification of extrachromosomal DNA and genetic variants using multiple genetic abnormality sequencing
Authors: Lin Da , Zou Yanyan , Li Xinyu , Wang Jinyue , Xiao Qin , Gao Xiaochen , Lin Fei , Zhang Ningyuan , Jiao Ming , Guo Yu , Teng Zhaowei , Li Shiyi , Wei Yongchang , Zhou Fuling , Yin Rong , Zhang Siheng , Xing Lingyu , Xu Weize , Wu Xiaofeng , Yang Bing , Xiao Ke , Wu Chengchao , Tao Yingfeng , Yang Xiaoqing , Zhang Jing , Hu Sheng , Dong Shuang , Li Xiaoyu , Ye Shengwei , Hong Zhidan , Pan Yihang , Yang Yuqin , Sun Haixiang , Cao Gang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGenomic abnormalities are strongly associated with cancer and infertility. In this study, we develop a simple and efficient method — multiple genetic abnormality sequencing (MGA-Seq) — to simultaneously detect structural variation, copy number variation, single-nucleotide polymorphism, homogeneously staining regions, and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) from a single tube. MGA-Seq directly sequences proximity-ligated genomic fragments, yielding a dataset with concurrent genome three-dimensional and whole-genome sequencing information, enabling approximate localization of genomic structural variations and facilitating breakpoint identification. Additionally, by utilizing MGA-Seq, we map focal amplification and oncogene coamplification, thus facilitating the exploration of ecDNA’s transcriptional regulatory function.
Bcl-B: an “unknown” protein of the Bcl-2 family
Authors: Pervushin N. V. , Kopeina G. S. , Zhivotovsky B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBcl-B is a poorly understood protein of the Bcl-2 family that is highly expressed in many healthy tissues and tumor types. Bcl-B is considered an antiapoptotic protein, but many reports have revealed its contradictory roles in different cancer types. In this mini-review, we elucidate the functions of Bcl-B in normal conditions and various pathologies, its regulation of programmed cell death, its oncogene/oncosuppressor activity in tumorigenesis, its impact on drug-acquired resistance, and possible approaches to inhibit Bcl-B.
Designing effective exercise intervention trials for prostate cancer cohorts: a qualitative study on experiences and views of exercise oncology researchers
Authors: Murphy Kira , Denieffe Suzanne , Kehoe Bróna , Hacking Dayle , Fairman Ciaran M. , Harrison Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Exercise intervention research has shown promising results in preventing and reversing the side effects caused by prostate cancer and its’ treatment. However, there are still unanswered questions and the need for additional research. As the field of exercise oncology in the context of prostate cancer presents unique challenges and complexities, seeking the advice of experienced exercise oncology researchers before initiating a similar trial could help to design more effective and efficient studies and help avoid pitfalls.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study design and a nonprobability, purposive sampling method was employed. An interview guide was developed and included topics such as recruitment, retention, programme goals, research design, health considerations, treatment considerations, adverse events, exercise prescription and outcome tools. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted and interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Eight individuals with extensive experience working with prostate cancer patients in exercise oncology research settings were interviewed. Four main themes and seven subthemes were generated and supported by the data. Theme 1 highlighted the critical role of recruitment, with associated subthemes on recruitment barriers and recruitment methods. Theme 2 explored the positives and negatives of home-based programmes. Theme 3 focused on specific health characteristics, exercise prescription and outcome measure factors that must be considered when working with prostate cancer cohorts. Finally, theme 4 centered around the emotional dimensions present in exercise oncology trials, relating to both researchers and study participants.

Conclusion
Exercise oncology remains a challenging area in which to conduct research. Learning from experienced personnel in the field offers valuable information and guidance that could impact the success of future trials.
Deep learning-based DOA estimation for hybrid massive MIMO receive array with overlapped subarrays
Authors: Li Yifan , Shi Baihua , Shu Feng , Song Yaoliang , Wang Jiangzhou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs massive MIMO is a key technology in the future sixth generation (6G), the large-scale antenna arrays are widely considered in direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for they can provide larger aperture and higher estimation resolution. However, the conventional fully digital architecture requires one radio-frequency (RF) chain per antenna, and this is challenging for the high hardware costs and much more power consumption caused by the large number of RF chains. Therefore, an overlapped subarray (OSA) architecture-based hybrid massive MIMO array is proposed to reduce the hardware costs, and it can also have better DOA estimation accuracy compared to non-overlapped subarray (NOSA) architecture. The simulation results also show that the accuracy of the proposed OSA architecture has $$6^{\circ }$$

6
∘

advantage over the NOSA architecture with signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at 10 dB. In addition, to improve the DOA estimation resolution, a deep learning (DL)-based estimator is proposed by combining convolution denoise autoencoder (CDAE) and deep neural network (DNN), where CDAE can remove the approximation error of sample covariance matrix (SCM) and DNN is used to perform high-resolution DOA estimation. From the simulation results, CDAE-DNN can achieve the accuracy lower bound at $$\textrm{SNR}=-8$$

SNR
=
-
8

dB and the number of snapshots $$N=100$$

N
=
100

, this means it has better performance in poor communication situation and can save more software resources compared to conventional estimators.
Improving cloud storage and privacy security for digital twin based medical records
Authors: Yi Haibo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs digital transformation progresses across industries, digital twins have emerged as an important technology. In healthcare, digital twins are created by digitizing patient parameters, medical records, and treatment plans to enable personalized care, assist diagnosis, and improve planning. Data is core to digital twins, originating from physical and virtual entities as well as services. Once processed and integrated, data drives various components. Medical records are critical healthcare data but present unique challenges for digital twins. However, directly storing or encrypting medical records has issues. Plaintext risks privacy leaks while encryption hinders retrieval. To address this, we present a cloud-based solution combining post-quantum searchable encryption. Our system includes key generation using Physical Unable Functions (PUF). It encrypts medical records in cloud storage, verifies records using blockchain, and retrieves records via cloud. By integrating cloud encryption, blockchain verification and cloud retrieval, we propose a secure and efficient cloud-based medical records system for digital twins. Our implementation demonstrates the system provides users efficient and secure medical record services, compared to related designs. This highlights digital twins’ potential to transform healthcare through secure data-driven personalized care, diagnosis and planning.
Current knowledge on the role of extracellular vesicles in endometrial receptivity
Authors: Sui Cong , Liao Zhiqi , Bai Jian , Hu Dan , Yue Jing , Yang Shulin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEndometrial receptivity has been widely understood as the capacity of the endometrium to receive implantable embryos. The establishment of endometrial receptivity involves multiple biological processes including decidualization, tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and oxidative metabolism. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid-bilayer-membrane nanosized vesicles mediating cell-to-cell communication. Recently, EVs and their cargo have been proven as functional factors in the establishment of endometrial receptivity. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the alteration of endometrium/embryo-derived EVs during the receptive phase and retrospected the current findings which revealed the pivotal role and potential mechanism of EVs to promote successful implantation. Furthermore, we highlight the potentiality and limitations of EVs being translated into clinical applications such as biomarkers of endometrial receptivity or reproductive therapeutic mediators, and point out the direction for further research.
Analysis of oral microbiome on temporary anchorage devices under different periodontal conditions
Authors: Zhao Ningrui , Zhang Qian , Guo Yanning , Cui Shengjie , Tian Yajing , Zhou Yanheng , Wang Xuedong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are maximum anchorages that have been widely used in orthodontic treatment. The aim of the study was to uncover whether a history of periodontitis would influence microbiome colonization on the TAD surface.

Results
Patients were grouped by periodontal evaluations before the orthodontic treatment. Patients with healthy periodontal conditions were classified as the healthy group, and patients diagnosed with periodontitis stage II or even worse were classified as the periodontitis group. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the existence of biofilm on the surface of 4 TADs from the healthy group and 4 TADs from the periodontitis group. Fifteen TADs from the healthy group and 12 TADs from the periodontitis group were collected. The microorganisms on the surface of TADs were harvested and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. α-diversity indices and β-diversity indices were calculated. Wilcoxon’s test was used to determine differences between genera, species as well as KEGG functions. SEM analysis revealed bacteria colonization on the surface of TADs from both groups. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on β diversity revealed differential sample clusters depending on periodontal conditions (P < 0.01). When comparing specific genera, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Saccharibacteria_(TM7)_[G-1], Dialister, Parvimonas, Fretibacterium, Treponema were more enriched in TADs in the periodontitis group. In the KEGG analysis, TADs in the periodontitis group demonstrated enriched microbial activities involved with translation, genetic information processing, metabolism, and cell motility.

Conclusions
This analysis elucidated the difference in total composition and function of TADs oral microorganisms between patients periodontally healthy and with periodontitis.
Recombinant protein embedded liposome on gold nanoparticle based on LSPR method to detect Corona virus
Authors: Kim Lina , Jo Seongjae , Kim Gyeong-Ji , Kim Kyung Ho , Seo Sung Eun , Ryu Eunsu , Shin Chan Jae , Kim Yu Kyung , Choi Jeong-Woo , Kwon Oh Seok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAntibody sensor to detect viruses has been widely used but has problems such as the difficulty of right direction control of the receptor site on solid substrate, and long time and high cost for design and production of antibodies to new emerging viruses. The virus detection sensor with a recombinant protein embedded liposome (R/Li) was newly developed to solve the above problems, in which R/Li was assembled on AuNPs (Au@R/Li) to increase the sensitivity using localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) method. Recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) was used as host receptors of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and the direction of enzyme active site for virus attachment could be controlled by the integration with liposome. The recombinant protein embedded liposomes were assembled on AuNPs, and LSPR method was used for detection. With the sensor platform S1 protein of both viruses was detected with detection limit of 10 pg/ml and SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples was detected with 10 ~ 35 Ct values. In the selectivity test, MERS-CoV did not show a signal due to no binding with Au@R/Li. The proposed sensor platform can be used as promising detection method with high sensitivity and selectivity for the early and simple diagnosis of new emerging viruses.
Graphical Abstract
Head-to-head comparison of 18F-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in staging and therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jing , Jiang Shuqin , Li Mengsi , Xue Haibao , Zhong Xi , Li Shuyi , Peng Hao , Liang Jiuceng , Liu Zhidong , Rao Songquan , Chen Haipeng , Cao Zewen , Gong Yuanfeng , Chen Guoshuo , Zhang Rusen , Zhang Linqi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has limitations in staging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The recently introduced 18F-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has shown promising prospects in detection of HCC lesions. This study aimed to investigate the initial staging and restaging performance of 18F-FAPI PET/CT compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT in HCC.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled histologically confirmed HCC patients from March 2021 to September 2022. All patients were examined with 18F-FDG PET/CT and 18F-FAPI PET/CT within 1 week. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), and diagnostic accuracy were compared between the two modalities.

Results
A total of 67 patients (57 men; median age, 57 [range, 32–83] years old) were included. 18F-FAPI PET showed higher SUVmax and TBR values than 18F-FDG PET in the intrahepatic lesions (SUVmax: 6.7 vs. 4.3, P < 0.0001; TBR: 3.9 vs. 1.7, P < 0.0001). In diagnostic performance, 18F-FAPI PET/CT had higher detection rate than 18F-FDG PET/CT in intrahepatic lesions [92.2% (238/258) vs 41.1% (106/258), P < 0.0001] and lymph node metastases [97.9% (126/129) vs 89.1% (115/129), P = 0.01], comparable in distant metastases [63.6% (42/66) vs 69.7% (46/66), P > 0.05]. 18F-FAPI PET/CT detected primary tumors in 16 patients with negative 18F-FDG, upgraded T-stages in 12 patients and identified 4 true positive findings for local recurrence than 18F-FDG PET, leading to planning therapy changes in 47.8% (32/67) of patients.

Conclusions
18F-FAPI PET/CT identified more primary lesions, lymph node metastases than 18F-FDG PET/CT in HCC, which is helpful to improve the clinical management of HCC patients.

Trial registration
Clinical Trials, NCT05485792. Registered 1 August 2022, Retrospectively registered.
“Teachers as conflict managers”: mapping novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers’ professional identity conflicts and confrontation strategies
Authors: Ghiasvand Farhad , Kogani Maryam , Nemati Faezeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTeacher professional identity has been widely investigated in second/foreign language (L2) research in the past decade. However, the identity conflicts that English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers with various teaching experiences face in their profession has been mostly neglected. Moreover, the way such conflicts shape L2 teachers’ identity and are resolved is yet under-explored. To fill these voids, this study scrutinized novice and experienced Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions of professional identity conflicts, their influence on identity construction, and confrontation/management strategies. To this end, 30 EFL teachers (15 novice, 15 experienced) were recruited to attend a semi-structured interview and complete a narrative frame. The results of content and thematic analysis obtained by MAXQDA software revealed that both novice and experienced teachers mostly faced identity conflicts because of “teaching philosophy/ideology mismatch” and “mismatch between personal and professional self”. Novice teachers also recurrently posed interference with “clothing and physical appearance” as a source of conflict, while experienced teachers believed “unequal power relations at work”, “imposed policy mandates”, and “traditional syllabus and testing” had produced conflicts. These conflicts affected teachers’ identity construction by influencing novice teachers’ emotional and inner world, but experienced teachers’ pedagogical performance and interpersonal communication. To confront the conflicts, the participants suggested different strategies such as “negotiating conflicts with others”, “avoiding conflicts”, and “suppressing conflicts”. The study discusses the findings and their implications for L2 teachers and educators regarding common identity conflicts and resolutions.
Estimation of the potential geographical distribution of invasive peach fruit fly under climate change by integrated ecological niche models
Authors: Ullah Farman , Zhang Yuan , Gul Hina , Hafeez Muhammad , Desneux Nicolas , Qin Yujia , Li Zhihong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate change and biological invasions of insect pests are interlinked global concerns that drive shifts in the distribution of invasive insects. The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata Saunders, is one of the most economically important Tephritidae species that attack several host plants and causes serious damage in Asia and Africa. Currently, B. zonata is absent from many countries and regions but has a risk of invasion. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the impact of climate change on the global potential distribution of B. zonata. In this study, we used MaxEnt and CLIMEX models to estimate the risk area for B. zonata under near current and future climate conditions. The MaxEnt and CLIMEX results showed that the south of North and Central America was suitable for B. zonata. The European countries were slightly suitable for B. zonata. In Asia, the highly suitable regions of B. zonata included Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos. Moreover, China, Philippines, Indonesia, and Japan showed highly climate suitability for B. zonata. The climate suitability of B. zonata was increasingly high in the projection under climate change. The result of the two models showed that the climatic suitability for B. zonata will increase under climate change in China. Taken together, these predictive results support the quarantine of B. zonata for high-risk countries and provide in-depth information on how climatic changes may affect its possible geographic range.
Future’s Moving Terrains
Authors: Bhat Abdul Manan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis essay shows how the Islamic Persianate poetic tradition is a critical conceptual resource for imagining futures in which poetry is a technology of congregation through which futures are postulated, negotiated, and lived. The essay engages the multilingual poetic milieu of Kashmir (Urdu, Persian, and Kashmiri) in the first half of the twentieth century, offering an inaugural analysis of the itinerant nature of Persian, Urdu, and Kashmiri poetry in relation to the form of ghazal and its consequences for future making. Kashmiri poets and critics, in poetry as well as prose, made prominent contributions to the literary and political debates about the purposes and potentialities of poetry as a socially aware public form in an anti-imperial context, a theme that animated multiple Urdu and Persian literary circles from the 1930s.