bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior of Granular Assemblies at High Velocity in a Large Open Shear Box
Authors: Wong RCK 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Large open shear box tests on granular materials have been conducted to investigate the behavior of these materials at high velocity. Several modes of kinetic motion were identified from the tests: steady sliding, sliding with rolling, impulsive rolling, and steady rolling. The measured resistances in these tests of different modes were observed to be dependent on material friction, base friction, velocity, body shape, and mobilized volume. However, spectral analysis of the measured data in time series shows that there exist no periodicities in the spectra, i.e., frequency- or velocity-independent. Of practical implication for this study is that the measured resistance for constant velocity motion decreases with increasing rolling motion activity within the moving granular mass. The average coefficient of resistance or friction could be less than the coefficient of kinetic friction measured in Coulomb-type shear tests.
Experimental Study of Sand Production from a Supported Wellbore in Weakly Consolidated Sandstone
Authors: Nouri A , Vaziri H , Belhaj H , Shomakhi N , Butt S , Donald A , Islam R 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Deployment of expandable technology for sand control is experiencing rapid growth. While several expandable systems have been developed, assessment of their long-term performance and effectiveness has not. To alleviate some concerns and uncertainties, criteria are provided in this paper for assessing the possibility of sanding in wellbores that employ reticulated expandable completions and to illustrate an in-depth understanding of the mechanism under which such screens may prevent sand grain mobilization.
To investigate these issues, a series of experiments were conducted using hollow cylinder synthetic sandstone samples involving both fine- and coarse-grained sands. A stiffener of two different opening sizes supported the central hole to check if sanding takes place and if so, how great the influence of the opening size relative to the grain size is in dictating the operational limits.
The experiments on weakly-consolidated sandstones showed that expandable completions were successful in preventing any shear failure around the wellbore. Under excessive drawdown/depletion, volumetric failure (pore collapse) proved to be a plausible failure mechanism in the material. Nevertheless, much less sanding occurred, and this improvement was attributed to grain-to-grain friction, enhancements of effective stresses at the wellface, and some degree of conservation of the original structure of the material, although at the state of pore collapse.
Development of SRMs 295x and 296x, Respirable Crystalline Silica on Filter
Authors: Yu LL , Fassett JD , MacDonald BS , Butler TA , Ramsey DM , Key-Schwartz RJ , Rains TC 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Standard Reference Material (SRM®) series 2951 to 2958 (5 μg to 1000 μg) Respirable Alpha Quartz on Filter and SRM series 2961 to 2967 (5 μg to 1000 μg) Respirable Cristobalite on Filter were prepared gravimetrically by depositing SRM 1878a Respirable Alpha Quartz and SRM 1879a Respirable Cristobalite on filters, respectively. These new SRMs are developed to assure the quality of respirable crystalline silica measurements using x-ray diffraction and infrared spectrometry around the regulatory limits that are enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The mass of silica determined by highly sensitive, but non-polymorph-specific, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was successfully used to calculate the mass of polymorphspecific crystalline silica on filter after all sources of Si on the new SRMs were carefully analyzed. The certified values of alpha quartz in SRMs 2951 to 2958 and cristobalite in SRMs 2961 to 2967, respectively, were established from the gravimetric preparation values and the spectrometric measurement values.
Evaluation of Different Techniques for Adhesive Properties of Asphalt-Filler Systems at Interfacial Region
Authors: Huang S-C , Turner TF , Pauli AT , Miknis FP , Branthaver JF , Robertson RE 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Asphalt is a widely variable product used in public roadways at the rate of 30 million tons per year and is thus the largest volume of adhesive used in any application. Considering the commercial importance of asphalt, several analytical techniques were employed to investigate its adhesive properties. These techniques include the specially designed sliding plate viscometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), liquid chromatography, centrifugation, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The specially designed sliding plate rheometer was used to measure the rheological properties of asphalt film in contact with aggregate surface at thin film levels. DSC was applied to measure the effect of fine particles on the low temperature properties. AFM was used to produce a photo-like image of adhesion between asphalt and mineral fines. Chromatography and centrifugation techniques were used to separate the adsorbable, polar asphalt components from aggregate surfaces. Infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the quantities and natures of adsorbed molecules. The results of these asphalt-aggregate experiments have shown what types of organic molecules in asphalt adsorb onto aggregate surfaces. Aggregates are shown to adsorb large concentrations of the most polar functional groups found in asphalts. In addition, the theory of Interfacial Morphological Stability has been used to model air-asphalt film and asphalt film-glass substrate interfacial systems. Separately, a wet-packing chromatographic technique was developed to use pulverized aggregate to separate cyclohexane solutions of asphalt into polar and non-polar components. Furthermore, the DSC evidence suggests the immobilization of a surface layer of binder in contact with aggregate induces a large rigid, amorphous fraction of the binder. These methods have been employed to characterize the fundamentals of asphalt-aggregate interaction in order to devise improved road performance predictive tests.
Influence of Groove Count on Slip Resistance Using NTL Test Feet
Authors: Joganich T , Mc Cuen L 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
In recent years, walkway slip-resistance testing with grooved NTL (Neolite® Test Liners) has been the subject of research, as well as used in field investigation practices. Recent research shows that differences between non-grooved and grooved test feet do exist, especially under wet conditions. It is not known how the number of grooves influences the slip resistance. This study investigates the influence of groove count on slip resistance under both wet and dry conditions using the PIAST tribometer. Test feet with 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 grooves and a non-grooved test foot were used. Polished granite and vinyl composition tile were used as test surfaces. Results for both test surfaces show markedly higher slip resistance for increasing groove counts under wet conditions, while under dry conditions, the results show slight increases in slip resistance. Implications of these results are discussed.
An STR Forensic Typing System for Genetic Individualization of Domestic Cat (Felis catus) Samples
Authors: Menotti-Raymond MA , David VA , Wachter LL , Butler JM , O'Brien SJ 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
A forensic genotyping panel of 11 tetranucleotide STR loci from the domestic cat was characterized and evaluated for genetic individualization of cat tissues. We first examined 49 candidate STR loci and their frequency assessment in domestic cat populations. The STR loci (3–4 base pair repeat motifs), mapped in the cat genome relative to 579 coding loci and 255 STR loci, are well distributed across the 18 feline autosomes. All loci exhibit Mendelian inheritance in a multi-generation pedigree. Eleven loci that were unlinked and were highly heterozygous in cat breeds were selected for a forensic panel. Heterozygosity values obtained for the independent loci, ranged from 0.60–0.82, while the average cat breed heterozygosity obtained for the 11 locus panel was 0.71 (range of 0.57–0.83). A small sample set of outbred domestic cats displayed a heterozygosity of 0.86 for the 11 locus panel. The power of discrimination of the panel is moderate to high in the cat breeds examined, with an average Pm of 3.7E-06. The panel shows good potential for genetic individualization within outbred domestic cats with a Pm of 5.31E-08. A multiplex protocol, designed for the co-amplification of the 11 loci and a gender-identifying locus, is species specific and robust, generating a product profile with as little as 0.125 nanograms of genomic DNA.
An Alu-based, MGB Eclipse™ Real-Time PCR Method for Quantitation of Human DNA in Forensic Samples
Authors: Nicklas JA , Buel E 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The forensic community needs quick, reliable methods to quantitate human DNA in crime scene samples to replace the laborious and imprecise slot blot method. A real-time PCR based method has the possibility of allowing development of a faster and more quantitative assay. Alu sequences are primate-specific and are found in many copies in the human genome, making these sequences an excellent target or marker for human DNA. This paper describes the development of a real-time Alu sequence-based assay using MGB Eclipse™ primers and probes. The advantages of this assay are simplicity, speed, less hands-on-time and automated quantitation, as well as a large dynamic range (128 ng/µL to 0.5 pg/µL).
Rapid Determination of Carbohydrates in Heroin Drug Seizures Using Capillary Electrophoresis with Short-End Injection
Authors: Anastos N , Barnett NW , Lewis SW , Pearson JR , Kirkbride KP 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
A simple and rapid method for the analysis of carbohydrates in heroin samples by capillary electrophoresis utilizing a borate complexation method is described. Separations were performed using an uncoated fused silica capillary, 50 cm × 50 μm I.D. × 360μm O.D. with an effective separation length of 9 cm. The system was run at 60°C with an applied voltage of −8 kilovolts. Injection of each sample was for 1 sec at −50 mbar. UV detection was employed with the wavelength set at 195 nm. The background electrolyte consisted of 65 mM borate, pH 12.0. Samples and standards were prepared in the run buffer containing 2 mg/mL of mannose as an internal standard. Under these conditions a test mixture containing glucose, sucrose, lactose, mannitol and mannose as an internal standard was resolved within 5 min. The method was used to determine the concentration of carbohydrates in heroin seizure samples and synthetic heroin samples. The results were in good agreement with the reported values.
Fatal Blunt Trauma of the Larynx in a Child
Authors: Durak D , Fedakar R , Eren B , Saka E , Durak VA 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
We report an autopsy case of an 11-year-old girl who suffered mechanical asphyxia from falling off the metal bars in the playground. This autopsy case is interesting because of the atypical trauma and lesions. To our knowledge there has been no similiar published case reports in the forensic literature. The young age of the victim, the setting and the pattern of the injuries are rare in a fall at playground by a child.
Review of: Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS)
Authors: Grieve DL 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The proliferation of automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) during the past 20 years has arguably been the greatest boon to criminal investigation thus far devised. However, as the author notes during the introduction, very little has been written specifically about these systems other than brief, often overly simplified, references in texts devoted to the more general area of fingerprints. This glaring omission has been thankfully remedied by one of the most comprehensive and enlightening explanations of a fascinating process imaginable, and done so with a marvelously cohesive and highly readable style. One's only regret is that this book had not been written a decade or more ago and offered as a newly revised edition.
Polymorphism at 15 Short Tandem Repeat AmpFℓSTR® Identifiler™ Loci in Three Aboriginal Populations of India: An Assessment in Human Identification
Authors: Banerjee J , Trivedi R , Kashyap VK 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
STR polymorphisms have proven to be extremely useful in population genetics studies and human identification. The fifteen analysed STR loci were tetra-nucleotide repeats: D5S818, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, THO1, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, vWA, TPOX, D18S51.
Characterization of 17 Y-STR Loci in a Population from El Salvador (San Salvador, Central America) and Their Potential for DNA Profiling
Authors: Martínez-Jarreta B , Vásquez P , Abecia E , Budowle B , Luna A , Peiró F 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Blood samples were taken from 120 healthy unrelated male individuals born and living in El Salvador (San Salvador, Central America). All the individuals were Mestizos who are descendents of Spanish and Amerindian people and represent the largest population of the country. DNA was isolated from the samples using standard phenolchloroform extraction method and quantification of DNA was carried out by fluorescence detection with DyNAQuant 200 (APB).
Review of : Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists, 2nd Ed.
Authors: Buckleton J , Roux C 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
This book is the second edition of the highly successful book initially authored by Colin Aitken, Professor of Statistics at Edinburgh University. This second edition brings into the authorship team Franco Taroni, one of the highly respected graduates from Pierre Margot's school at Luassane and now deservedly Professor at that same school. Dr Aitken has a long and highly respected career as a forensic commentator.
Considerations in Developing a Network Pavement Inventory Friction Test Program for a State Highway Agency
Authors: Li S , Zhu K , Noureldin S 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
A network pavement inventory friction test program should consist of three parts: testing system calibration and performance verification, friction testing, and data management. The friction testing system must be calibrated and its performance must be verified before test seasons and whenever significant changes have occurred. Friction testing should be conducted annually on interstates. Test frequency for other routes may be reduced. Also, friction testing should be conducted consistently in the driving lane. Test intervals should be large enough for the operator to adjust test speed.
Differences exist between the friction numbers measured by smooth and ribbed tires. For grooved concrete surfaces, the difference is negligible. For others with low or medium friction, the average difference is about 17 or 12. Different surface features may result in different speed gradient curves. Seasonal variation is not significant. A minimum friction requirement of 20 to 23 was identified for the smooth tire. Friction data management is an important part for the network inventory friction test program. Geographical information system (GIS) technology can be utilized to monitor network pavement friction condition efficiently.
Hoop Tensile Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composite Cylinders
Authors: Verrilli MJ , DiCarlo JA , Calomino A , Yun HM , Barnett TR 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Tensile stress-strain properties in the hoop direction were obtained for 100-mm diameter ceramic matrix composite cylinders using ring specimens machined from the cylinder ends. The silicon carbide fiber-reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite (SiC/SiC) cylinders were fabricated from 2D balanced SiC fabric with several material variants, including wall thickness (6, 8, and 12 plies), SiC fiber type (Sylramic, Sylramic-iBN, Hi-Nicalon, and Hi-Nicalon S), fiber sizing type, and matrix type (full CVI SiC, and partial CVI SiC plus slurry cast + melt-infiltrated SiC-Si). Cloth ply splices existed in all the hoops. Tensile hoop measurements were made at room temperature and 1200°C using hydrostatic ring test facilities. Room temperature hoop strengths for the various cylinders were generally similar and at 1200°C, ultimate strengths and strains of the hoops were about 70 % of their room temperature values, and elastic moduli were about 90–100 % of their room temperature values. The hoop properties are compared with in-plane data measured on flat panels using same material variants, but containing no splices. A lower strength and failure strain of hoops compared to panels was observed and was due to a stress concentration associated with the cloth splice geometry. The failure mode of the hoops, determined through microstructural examination, revealed that a fracture surface always existed at the cloth ply splice on the inner diameter of the failed specimens.
Quantitative and Qualitative Bacterial Flora of Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii Cultured in Earthen Ponds in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Uddin M. Naim , Al-Harbi A. H. 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Quantitative and qualitative analyses of bacterial flora associated with the digestive tract of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultured in earthen ponds of Saudi Arabia were carried out. Bacterial counts and flora of prawn-culture pond water, sediment, and prawn carapaces, along with important physicochemical parameters, were investigated, and the isolates were identified to the genus or species level. Total viable counts (TVC; mean ± SD) varied between (1.0 ± 2.3) × 104 and (1.7 ± 0.8) × 105 colony-forming units (cfu) per milliliter in pond water, (5.8 ± 1.7) × 107 and (1.1 ± 2.9) × 109 cfu/g in sediment, (1.5 ± 0.9) × 105 and (1.6 ± 2.4) × 106 cfu/cm2 in the carapace, and (9.1 ± 1.5) × 106 and (8.7 ± 1.8) × 107 cfu/g in the digestive tract of freshwater prawns. The bacterial flora was predominantly gram-negative, accounting for 80% of total isolated strains. Altogether, 21 bacterial species of 16 genera were identified. Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens, other Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., and Enterococcus spp. were the most abundant bacterial species (prevalence ≥10%) in pond water; A. hydrophila, S. putrefaciens, Vibrio spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were the most abundant in sediment; S. putrefaciens, A. hydrophila, Vibrio spp., Enterococcus spp., and Aeromonas spp. were the most abundant on the prawn carapace; and A. hydrophila, S. putrefaciens, Vibrio spp., Enterococcus spp., and Pasteurella spp. were the most abundant in the digestive tracts. In every population studied, Aeromonas spp., S. putrefaciens, Enterococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Pasteurella spp., Chryseomonas spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were present.
Gracile bones, periostal appositions, hypomineralization of the cranial vault, and mental retardation in brothers: Milder variant of osteocraniostenosis or new syndrome?
Authors: Verloes Alain , Garel Catherine , Robertson Stephen , Merrer Martine Le , Baumann Clarisse 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe report on two brothers with ossification anomalies of membranous and cranial bones, remodeling defect of long bones leading to dense, overtubulated, narrow diaphyses, metaphyseal flare, periostal hyperosotosis that increased during the first months of life, thoracic dystrophy and severe hypotonia. One boy had hypospadias and cleft palate. Follow‐up of the surviving boy documented progressive osteopenia, slow healing of the periostal anomalies, liver angiomatosis, mental and motor delay, thoracic deformity, delay in tooth eruption, and progressive microcephaly with enlargement of the cerebral ventricles. This disorder shares some traits with osteocraniostenosis, but lacks the cranial deformity and acromelic micromelia of the latter, in which periostal anomalies are not described. The syndrome reported here may represent a milder form of osteocraniostenosis, or a new entity belonging to the same “family.” Genealogical data are consistent with AR or XLR inheritance. No mutations were found in the coding sequence of filamin A. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Marshall–Smith syndrome: Natural history and evidence of an osteochondrodysplasia with connective tissue abnormalities
Authors: Adam Margaret P. , Hennekam Raoul C.M. , Keppen Laura Davis , Bull Marilyn J. , Clericuzio Carol L. , Burke Leah W. , Ormond Kelly E. , Hoyme Eugene H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe Marshall–Smith syndrome (MSS) is a distinct malformation syndrome characterized by accelerated skeletal maturation, relative failure to thrive, respiratory difficulties, mental retardation, and unusual facies, including prominent forehead, shallow orbits, blue sclerae, depressed nasal bridge, and micrognathia. At least 33 cases have been reported in the literature, mostly as single case reports or small series. The purpose of the present study is to report on the clinical findings and natural history of MSS in five children and to review the features of three others previously reported, with particular attention to the skeletal and connective tissue findings. Our study demonstrates an increased rate of nontraumatic fractures and other bony and connective tissue abnormalities that support the hypothesis that MSS should be considered an osteochondrodysplasia. In addition, long‐term survival beyond infancy is possible if respiratory problems are expectantly and aggressively managed. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phylogenetic analysis of family 6 glycoside hydrolases
Authors: Mertz Blake , Kuczenski Robert S. , Larsen Robert T. , Hill Anthony D. , Reilly Peter J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractMultiple sequence alignment separates members of glycoside hydrolase Family 6 into eight subfamilies: one of mainly actinobacterial endoglucanases (EGs), one of ascomycotal EGs, one of chytridiomycotal EGs and cellobiohydrolases (CBHs), one of actinobacterial and proteobacterial CBHs, one of chytridiomycotal CBHs, two of ascomycotal CBHs, and one of basidiomycotal CBHs. Each also has some proteins of unknown function. Multiple sequence alignment also extends to all of Family 6 the observation that lengths of loops that form the active‐site tunnel in CBHs vary among subfamilies, and along with loop conformations, determine enzyme function. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 79: 197–206, 2005This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com