bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TENOXICAM-TROMETHAMINE MULTICOMPONENT CRYSTAL: PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, SOLUBILITY, AND DISSOLUTION EVALUATION
Authors: HASANAH USWATUL , AZFITRI YESICA , FITRIANI LILI , ZAINI ERIZAL 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Tenoxicam is classified as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug employed for managing musculoskeletal conditions. However, its effectiveness is obstructed by its restricted ability to dissolve in water. This investigation aims to create a multicomponent crystal involving tenoxicam and tromethamine to augment tenoxicam's solubility and dissolution rate.
Methods: Using the solvent drop grinding technique, the multicomponent crystal was synthesized by combining tenoxicam and tromethamine in equimolar proportions. The physicochemical properties of multicomponent crystal were assessed through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and FT-IR spectroscopy. Solubility test and dissolution rate profile were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of multicomponent crystal formation in compared to intact tenoxicam. The solubility test occurred in CO2-free distilled water over 48 h and was quantified using UV spectrophotometry at 368 nm. Dissolution rate profiles were conducted using a USP type II dissolution apparatus in HCl 0.1 N, and CO2-free distilled water as the dissolution media.
Results: The multicomponent crystal displayed distinctive characteristics in the diffractogram, including altered melting points, and shifts in the FT-IR spectrum peaks. Within the multicomponent crystal system, the solubility of tenoxicam exhibited a notable increase, specifically by a factor of 11.130. Moreover, the dissolution efficiency of tenoxicam in HCl 0.1 N solution and CO2-free distilled water showed substantial enhancements, with respective increases of 2.600-fold and 8.605-fold observed at the 60-minute mark.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the tenoxicam and tromethamine multicomponent crystal formation using a solvent drop grinding technique resulted in a novel crystalline structure, enhancing the solubility and dissolution of tenoxicam both in CO2-free distilled water and HCl 0.1 N.
CURCUMA AERUGINOSA ROXB. EXTRACT INHIBITS THE PRODUCTION OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES ON RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGES
Authors: DEWI IRENE PUSPA , DACHRIYANUS  , ALDI YUFRI , ISMAIL NOR HADIANI , HEFNI DIRA , SUSANTI MERI , SYAFRI SURYATI , WAHYUNI FATMA SRI 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The study explores the potential of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. extract for anti-inflammatory properties.
Methods: Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. simplicia was macerated with distilled ethanol. In vitro testing was done on Raw 264.7 macrophages to fulfill this aim by observing Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-6 production and phagocytosis activity. The production of IL-6 and TNF-α were determined using the ELISA method while phagocytosis activity using the neutral red uptake method.
Results: The results showed that Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. extract inhibited production of TNF-α and IL-6 and phagocytic activity and on Raw 264.7 macrophages.
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. extract could be developed as an anti-inflammatory, which can be improved as a novel pharmaceutical approach for treating inflammation-related illness.
INCREASED DISSOLUTION RATE OF ACECLOFENAC BY FORMATION OF MULTICOMPONENT CRYSTALS WITH L-GLUTAMINE
Authors: JESSICA ADHITYA , YASA SIRLY WAHYUNI N. , ZAINI ERIZAL , FITRIANI LILI 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objectives of this research were to improve the solubility as well as the rate of dissolution of aceclofenac (ACF) through the formation of multicomponent crystals (MCC) with L-glutamine (LGLN) as a coformer and following the liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) technique.
Methods: MCC of ACF and LGLN was formed by Liquid Assisted Grinding (LAG) technique. Powder X-ray Diffractometer (PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were used for MCC characterization. Solubility and dissolution test were determined using ultraviolet-visible (Uv-Vis( spectrophotometer.
Results: The results showed a decrease in the diffraction peak intensity, melting point, and enthalpy of fusion. FT-IR analysis showed a non-significant wavenumber shift compared to intact components. These characterizations showed that MCC formed a eutectic mixture. SEM and particle size analysis showed a homogeneous particle rod shape and decreased particle size. ACF's solubility in MCC increased 2.21 times more than intact form. MCC's dissolution rate increased by 5.34 times and 5.56 times, respectively, after 60 min in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 and CO2-free distilled water.
Conclusion: The formation of MCC of ACF and LGLN considerably enhances ACF's solubility and dissolution rate.
THE EFFECT OF CATECHINS FROM PURIFIED GAMBIER (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.) AND VITAMIN C ON MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) LEVELS OF MALE WHITE MICE AFTER PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: YOSMAR RAHMI , PUTRI AYU AMELIA , A. ALMAHDY 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of catechins from purified gambier and vitamin C on the MDA levels of male white mice following maximum physical activity.
Methods: This research employed an experimental approach using a Post Test Only Control Group Design with male white mice. The interventions included purified gambir catechin and vitamin C alongside physical fatigue-inducing activity. The primary focus was assessing serum MDA levels in these mice, measured using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method. The test subjects were divided into five groups and average serum MDA levels were measured in each group, followed by an analysis checking for normal distribution and homogeneity. Subsequently, One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted. If significant differences were observed among the groups, further analyses were performed with a significance level of p<0.05. All tests maintained a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05).
Results: The average serum MDA values for the treated groups were 1.63 nmol/ml for the negative control, 2.47 nmol/ml for the positive control, 1.75 nmol/ml for purified gambier catechin 200 mg/kgBW, 1.93 nmol/ml for Vitamin C 65 mg/kgBW, and 1.65 nmol/ml for purified gambier catechin 100 mg/kgBW and vitamin C 32.5 mg/kgBW. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test analysis, there was a significant difference in serum MDA levels (p<0.05) with a significance value of 0.004 of each group. However, the Mann-Whitney test showed that the negative control group significantly differed from the positive control group and there was a significant difference between the positive control and the treatment groups.
Conclusion: The administration of catechins from purified gambier and vitamin C reduced MDA levels following maximum physical activity. Further study is recommended to investigate the efficacy of various antioxidants and their combinations in reducing MDA levels.
RAPID DETECTION OF RAT MEAT ADULTERATION IN BEEF SAUSAGES USING FTIR‑ATR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS FOR HALAL AUTHENTICATION
Authors: LESTARI DWI , SYAMSUL EKA SISWANTO , WIRNAWATI  , SYAFRI SURYATI , SYOFYAN SYOFYAN , ROHMAN ABDUL , YULIANA NANCY DEWI , ABU BAKAR NOR KARTINI BT. , HAMIDI DACHRIYANUS 
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to employ Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR‑ATR) spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics for the analysis of rat meat adulteration in beef sausages.
Methods: Lipid components in sausages were extracted using three extraction methods, namely Bligh and Dyer, Folch, and Soxhlet methods. The lipid components extracted were then analysed using FTIR‑ATR spectroscopy, and their spectra obtained were used as variables during chemometrics modeling. Samples were prepared by mixing beef with adulterant of rat meat in the concentration range of 0-100% of rat meat. Each sample was scanned using FTIR-Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy in three replicates at 4000-650 cm-1 wavenumber region.
Results: The absorbance values at wavenumbers regions of 3100-700 cm-1 were used to discriminate lipid components extracted by the Bligh Dyer, Folch, and Soxhlet Method with an accuracy level of 100%. The prediction of rat sausages was successfully determined using multivariate calibrations of Partial Least Square (PLS) and Principle Component Regression (PCR) using optimised conditions.
Conclusion: FTIR-ATR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics is a rapid and accurate method for detecting and quantifying rat meat in beef sausages for halal authentication.
GARLIC EXTRACT PHYTOSOME: PREPARATION AND PHYSICAL STABILITY
Authors: ELFIYANI RAHMAH , RADJAB NANIEK SETIADI , WIJAYA ANISA NURUL 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Allicin is one of the components contained in garlic extract (Allium sativum L) and can easily be decomposed. To improve the chemical stability of allicin, a garlic extract was formulated in a phytosome system. Phytosomes, which are colloidal systems, are susceptible to ostwald ripening, which can result in an increase in particle size distribution. Changes in the size distribution indicate that the system is physically unstable. The aimed of the study was to test the physical stability of the garlic extract phytosome stored at three different temperatures for four weeks.
Methods: Garlic extract phytosomes (GEP) were prepared by the thin layer hydration method using garlic extract and lecithin at the same concentration of 4.5%. Furthermore, the phytosomes were stored at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C for four weeks. Every week, a physical evaluation was carried out (organoleptic, pH, density, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential). The data obtained were analysed statistically using the Friedman test.
Results: The phytosome’s organoleptic result showed separation at 4 °C and 40 °C, starting from the second week. The average particle size of phytosomes was 214.3 nm, the zeta potential value was -29.08 mV, and the polydispersity value was 0.46. The results of statistical analysis showed that the Asymp. Sig<0.05 indicated that the particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, pH values, and density were significantly different at each week and storage temperature.
Conclusion: Conclusion based on study indicated a decrease in the physical stability of phytosomes, especially those stored at extreme temperatures (4 °C and 40 °C).
KASTURI ORANGE PEEL (CITRUS MICROCARPA BUNGE) ESSENTIAL OIL: CHEMICAL PROFILE, FORMULATION AS ROLL-ON AROMATHERAPY AND ITS EVALUATION
Authors: RASYADI YAHDIAN , NINGSIH WIDA , MULYA WANDA PRANCA , HANIFA DINI 
Published: February 2024

Objective: Kasturi orange (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) is widely cultivated and consumed in Indonesia. The fruit's flesh is a good source of vitamin C. Essential oil of kasturi orange peel is one of the ingredients used as a raw material for aromatherapy roll-on preparations. Roll-on aromatherapy is currently widely used by various age groups. This research aims to determine the content of kasturi oil, its formulation as a roll-on aromatherapy preparation, and its physical evaluation.
Methods: The essential oil of kasturi orange peel was extracted using the distillation method, and then the physicochemical properties were examined. The chemical content of the oil was analyzed using GC-MS. The roll-on aromatherapy preparation formulas were made by varying concentrations of kasturi oil, F0 (0%), F1 (4%), F2 (6%), and F3 (10%). Additional substances used were menthol, camphor, patchouli oil, and virgin coconut oil. Patchouli oil was used in this preparation to make the aroma last longer. Evaluation of roll-on aromatherapy preparations includes organoleptic tests, pH tests, specific gravity, viscosity, clarity, and stability.
Results: From the extraction results, the percentage yield of essential kasturi oil was 0.55% v/w, with a density of 0.85 g/ml and a refractive index of 1.469. From the chromatogram results, there were 18 compounds in kasturi oil; the largest component was D-limonene (32.59%). Physical evaluation results of all roll-on aromatherapy formulas had met the requirements.
Conclusion: From the chromatogram results, there were 18 compounds in kasturi oil, with the largest component were D-limonene (32.59%). Formula F3 had the best aroma intensity, approximately for 5 h, with a slightly strong aroma, and physical evaluation results of all roll-on aromatherapy formulas had met the requirements.
Análise de Discurso e Análise de Conteúdo:
Authors: De Freitas Linhares Bianca , Garcia da Silva Lucas 
Published: February 2024

Pesquisadores/as, sobretudo os/as que se encontram em formação, podem apresentar dificuldades com desenhos de pesquisa, ainda mais quando em uma investigação se pretende ter diferentes fontes de dados, técnicas de coleta, de análise, base/s teórica/s e/ou cientistas na pesquisa. O presente artigo busca apresentar uma das possibilidades de uso da triangulação em análise de dados, bem como mostrar a relevância da estreita relação que deve haver entre teoria e metodologia. Para isso, apresentamos uma pesquisa-exemplo na qual foram empregadas as técnicas de Análise de Discurso e de Análise de Conteúdo. A investigação citada, de base teórica pós-estruturalista, utiliza-se de conceitos da Teoria do Discurso, de Ernesto Laclau - informação relevante para a compreensão das decisões metodológicas descortinadas ao longo do texto. Embora possa ser entendido como um estudo descritivo, o artigo traz um liame de informações teóricas acerca da metodologia e das técnicas de análise, além de resultados da pesquisa-exemplo que interpretam a metodologia e a teoria aplicadas. Como resultado, temos que a correta vinculação entre teoria e metodologia é fundamental para um bom desenvolvimento do desenho de pesquisa. Por fim, concluímos que a triangulação, quando bem empregada, é uma possibilidade de tornar mais ricos os achados de pesquisas dentro do campo das ciências humanas e sociais.
Palavras-Chaves: Metodologia; Triangulação; Análise de Discurso; Análise de Conteúdo; Teoria do Discurso.
Analisis kontribusi konsep matematis pada sawah lodok khas kearifan lokal masyarakat manggarai
Authors: Lana Sugiarti  , Ali Ferdinandus Ardian 
Published: February 2024

This study aims to find out the contribution of mathematical concepts to lodok rice fields (ricefield spider net) in Manggarai Regency. The main instrument is the researcher himself, and the supporting instruments are observation and interview guidelines. Data was collected by means of field observations and interviews with manggarai traditional leaders, where the selection of traditional leaders used a purposive sampling technique. To obtain valid and reliable data, the researchers used technique triangulation and source triangulation. Data analysis used is reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the study found that the shape of lodok rice fields in Manggarai Regency was made by applying the concept of ''Circle Center Point'' at the meeting point (node point) of the land of all residents, which is referred to as Lodok and the concept of ''Juring Circle'' on the shape and size of the land area of each resident as well as a barrier to land ownership rights between one resident and another, known as Langang or Lance.
Prevalence and Predictive Factors for Celiac Disease in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: Whom and When to Screen? A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study of Swedish Children
Authors: Lindgren Marie , Norström Fredrik , Persson Martina , Elding Larsson Helena , Forsander Gun , Åkesson Karin , Samuelsson Ulf , Ludvigsson Johnny , Carlsson Annelie 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
To examine the prevalence and predictive factors for celiac disease (CD) after a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents, to improve the current screening guidelines.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The association between sex, age at T1D diagnosis, HLA, and diabetes autoantibodies, and a diagnosis of CD was examined in 5,295 children with T1D from the Better Diabetes Diagnosis study in Sweden.

RESULTS
The prevalence of biopsy-proven CD was 9.8%, of which 58.2% already had a CD diagnosis before or at T1D onset. Almost all, 95.9%, were diagnosed with CD within 5 years after the T1D diagnosis. Younger age at the T1D diagnosis and being homozygote for DQ2 increased the risk of CD after T1D, but neither sex nor diabetes-related autoantibodies were associated with the risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Age at and time after diabetes diagnosis should be considered in screening guidelines for CD in children with T1D.
Digital Innovation Hubs and portfolio of their services across European economies
Authors: Gavkalova Nataliia , Gładysz Bartłomiej , Quadrini Walter , Sassanelli Claudio , Asplund Fredrik , Ramli Muhammad Rusyadi , Detzner Peter , Deville Jane , Dragic Miroslav , Van Erp Tim , Georgescu Amalia , Price Liz , Robertsone Galina , Terzi Sergio 
Published: February 2024

Research background: Digital ecosystems in Europe are heterogenous organizations involving different economies, industries, and contexts. Among them, Digital Innovation Hubs (DIHs) are considered a policy-driven organization fostered by the European Commission to push companies’ digital transition through a wide portfolio of supporting services.
Purpose of the article: There are DIHs existing in all European economies, but literature needs more precise indications about their status and nature. The purpose is to study a distribution of DIHs and differences in portfolios of DIHs’ services across European economies. Therefore, the paper wants to deliver more precise data on effects on national and European policies. This is required to define their final role and scope in the complex dynamics of the digital transition, depending on regional context and heterogeneity of industries.
Methods: Data on 38 economies was collected from the S3 platform (on both existing and in preparation DIHs) and further verified by native speaking researchers using manual web scrapping of websites of DIHs identified from S3. To find potential similarities of digital ecosystems in different economies as emanated by the existence of DIHs, clusterization (Ward’s method and Euclidean distances) was applied according to the services offered. Economies were clustered according to the number of DIHs and the spread of DIHs intensity in different cities. The results were further analyzed according to the scope of the provided services.
Findings & value added: The applied clustering classified European economies in four different sets, according to the types of services offered by the DIHs. These sets are expression of the different digitalization statuses and strategies of the selected economies and, as such, the services a company can benefit from in a specific economy. Potential development-related reasons behind the data-driven clustering are then conjectured and reported, to guide companies and policy makers in their digitalization strategies.
Multi-criteria Scheduling in Parallel Environment with Learning Effect
Authors: Liu Xinbo , Feng Yue , Ding Ning , Li Rui , Chen Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of a multi-criteria scheduling problem on unrelated processors with machines’ learning effect, with the goal of minimizing makespan, machine cost and maximal flow-time simultaneously, which is an NP-hard problem. An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm equipped with the overloaded operators, as well as a procedure of Levy flight, is proposed to generate the Pareto-optimal solutions. The experimental results show that the Levy flight strategy can effectively improve the performance of the algorithm, which can generate more non-dominated solutions, and slightly reduce the execution time of the process.
Linguistic variation in the Pasticciaccio by Carlo Emilio Gadda: translation strategies in the two French versions
Authors: Vinci Serena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
From the point of view of linguistic variation, this contribution compares the two translations of Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana by Carlo Emilio Gadda, made by Louis Bonalumi and Jean-Paul Manganaro. The comparison aims to highlight the differences between the two translations, dated 1963 and 2016, respectively, both published by Éditions du Seuil, in order to explore which version of the novel the French reader can access.
“Fratelli dei cani”: Autobiographical and autodiegetic interferences of the incipit of Pier Paolo Pasolini’s Orestiade
Authors: Lattarulo Salvatore Francesco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Starting from the examination of a marginal text like Letter of the translator, this article analyzes Pier Paolo Pasolini’s translation of the prologue to Aeschylus’ Agamemnon. The paper delves into the central image of Pasolini’s Letter: the comparison between the translator and a dog picking a bone. This juxtaposition alludes to the method used by the translator, which is based on an instinctive approach to the text, similar to that of a beast. I think that this rhetorical figure was suggested to Pasolini by the figure of the lookout on the roof of Atrides’ royal palace; his solitary nocturnal vigil is compared to the derelict condition of a dog. In the association between man and dog made by Aeschylus at the beginning of his trilogy (Orestea), Pasolini finds an expressive way very congenial to himself. In fact, this analogy is used in many points of his entire production as a writer to indicate the marginalization of the intellectual. The immediate proximity that the contemporary poet feels to the canine world implies an unconscious identification of the translator with the hardships of the Aeschylean character. This direct relationship between the human sphere and the animal sphere would explain the free and personal aspect of some interpretative choices about the introductory monologue of the Greek tragedy. It would also explain why Pasolini intended to reuse the prologue of Agamemnon, which he translated into a chapter of the posthumous novel entitled Petrolio.
The translation of cultural references and wordplays in advertising slogans
Authors: Racolța Maria-Lorena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to analyze how French cultural allusions and wordplays in advertising slogans can be transposed into Romanian. Drawing on a series of concepts and theoretical observations concerning the field of advertising translation, we will outline the difficulties, the constraints, and the main strategies involved in this particular kind of translation. Secondly, we would like to analyze some concrete examples of advertising campaigns initiated in France and exported to Romania. Thirdly, we will examine the translation/localization of the advertising slogans into Romanian and we will discuss the solutions found by the translators to overcome the linguistic and the cultural difficulties raised by the translation process.