bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D grape string-like heterostructures enable high-efficiency sodium ion capture in Ti3C2Tx MXene/fungi-derived carbon nanoribbon hybrids
Authors: Liu Ningning , Yuan Jianhua , Zhang Xiaochen , Ren Yifan , Yu Fei , Ma Jie 
Published: December 2023

A 3D grape string-like heterostructure of Ti3C2Tx hollow microspheres/fungi-derived N-doping carbon nanoribbons was prepared through template method and bio-adsorption, and its HCDI performance was discussed.
A strongly coupled 3D SnS2@Ti3C2Tx heterojunction with vacancies for high-efficiency sodium storage
Authors: Sheng Weilin , Yang Ju , Jiang Guanglu , Liu Najun , Peng Huili , Zheng Xiuwen , Jiang Xiaolei 
Published: December 2023

We have developed a SnS2@Ti3C2Tx sandwich structure through heterojunction engineering. By anchoring SnS2 to Ti3C2Tx, this interlocking cooperative heterostructure effectively mitigates Ti3C2Tx self-stacking and exposes numerous active sites on the surface.
Identification of structural motifs critical for human G6PC2 function informed by sequence analysis and an AlphaFold2-predicted model
Authors: Hawes Emily M. , Claxton Derek P. , Oeser James K. , O’Brien Richard M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
G6PC2 encodes a glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) catalytic subunit, primarily expressed in pancreatic islet β cells, which modulates the sensitivity of insulin secretion to glucose and thereby regulates fasting blood glucose (FBG). Mutational analyses were conducted to validate an AlphaFold2 (AF2)-predicted structure of human G6PC2 in conjunction with a novel method to solubilize and purify human G6PC2 from a heterologous expression system. These analyses show that residues forming a predicted intramolecular disulfide bond are essential for G6PC2 expression and that residues forming part of a type 2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP2) motif are critical for enzyme activity. Additional mutagenesis shows that residues forming a predicted substrate cavity modulate enzyme activity and substrate specificity and residues forming a putative cholesterol recognition amino acid consensus (CRAC) motif influence protein expression or enzyme activity. This CRAC motif begins at residue 219, the site of a common G6PC2 non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs492594 (Val219Leu), though the functional impact of this SNP is disputed. In microsomal membrane preparations, the L219 variant has greater activity than the V219 variant, but this difference disappears when G6PC2 is purified in detergent micelles. We hypothesize that this was due to a differential association of the two variants with cholesterol. This concept was supported by the observation that the addition of cholesteryl hemi-succinate to the purified enzymes decreased the Vmax of the V219 and L219 variants ∼8-fold and ∼3 fold, respectively. We anticipate that these observations should support the rational development of G6PC2 inhibitors designed to lower FBG.
Effects of Script Training to Improve Discourse in a Patient With Chronic Aphasia
Authors: Hollo Alexandra , Ensar Büşra , Meigh Kimberly M. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
Script training is a well-known treatment designed to improve functional communication in patients with aphasia. In this clinical study, we examined the effects of low-tech script training for J.W., a 73-year-old patient with chronic nonfluent aphasia acquired at age 60 years.

Method:
Using a single-subject, multiple-baseline design across three scripts, we assessed the effects of script training on percent script correct (PSC) and words per minute (WPM). The study took place in a university-based outpatient clinic and consisted of six training sessions plus 15 min of recommended daily homework. We adapted standard procedures in accordance with J.W.'s individual strengths, limitations, and preferences.

Results:

J.W. reached criterion (PSC = 80%) within two to three training sessions across three scripts (pretreatment:
M
= 17%, posttreatment:
M
= 83%). Moreover, he improved in communication effectiveness, nearly doubling his rate of speech from pre- (
M
= 31.53 WPM) to posttreatment (
M
= 59.59 WPM) sessions.

Conclusions:
We conclude that a brief script training intervention improved the ability to communicate effectively and efficiently for this patient with chronic aphasia. Anecdotally, J.W. also reported using the scripts successfully outside of the therapy room on a regular basis and expressed an interest in using script training in the future. Although methodological limitations of this clinical study must be considered, low-tech script training appears to have benefited this patient's ability to engage in functional discourse even 13 years poststroke.
Towards navigation in endoscopic kidney surgery based on preoperative imaging
Authors: Acar Ayberk , Lu Daiwei , Wu Yifan , Oguz Ipek , Kavoussi Nicholas , Wu Jie Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEndoscopic renal surgeries have high re‐operation rates, particularly for lower volume surgeons. Due to the limited field and depth of view of current endoscopes, mentally mapping preoperative computed tomography (CT) images of patient anatomy to the surgical field is challenging. The inability to completely navigate the intrarenal collecting system leads to missed kidney stones and tumors, subsequently raising recurrence rates. A guidance system is proposed to estimate the endoscope positions within the CT to reduce re‐operation rates. A Structure from Motion algorithm is used to reconstruct the kidney collecting system from the endoscope videos. In addition, the kidney collecting system is segmented from CT scans using 3D U‐Net to create a 3D model. The two collecting system representations can then be registered to provide information on the relative endoscope position. Correct reconstruction and localization of intrarenal anatomy and endoscope position is demonstrated. Furthermore, a 3D map is created supported by the RGB endoscope images to reduce the burden of mental mapping during surgery. The proposed reconstruction pipeline has been validated for guidance. It can reduce the mental burden for surgeons and is a step towards the long‐term goal of reducing re‐operation rates in kidney stone surgery.
A hierarchical control strategy for reliable lane changes considering optimal path and lane‐changing time point
Authors: Fan Jiayu , Zhan Yinxiao , Liang Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractImplementing reliable lane changes is crucial for reducing collisions and enhancing traffic safety. However, existing research lacks comprehensive investigation into the optimal path for maintaining driving quality, and little attention has been given to determining the appropriate lane changing time point. This paper addresses these gaps by presenting a novel hierarchical strategy. First, a synthesized safety distance for lane changing, which considers variable execution duration, is designed to reduce collision risk. Next, a hierarchy of optimization control strategies is proposed to obtain the optimal path. An upper neural network‐fuzzy control algorithm is established to identify an appropriate lane‐changing time point. Additionally, a lower neural network‐improved firefly algorithm is formulated to optimize the preliminary safety path based on multiple driving criteria. Furthermore, the dynamics characteristics of the vehicle are incorporated into the model predictive control algorithm to ensure the vehicle follows the optimal path. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed hierarchical control strategy is validated through typical lane‐changing scenarios conducted on the Carsim–Simulink platform.
Distribution network power flow calculation based on the BPNN optimized by GA‐ADAM
Authors: Liu Huijia , Feng Ling , Wu Yi , Teng Jie , Xiao Dong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPower system operation and control are based on power flow calculations. In order to solve the uncertainty of the increasing penetration of renewable energy, the voltage fluctuation at the load point increases in the distribution network, and the inaccuracy of the power flow calculation due to the insufficient power flow data collection capability of the traditional power system. In this paper, a data‐driven power flow analysis model is proposed, a back propagation neural network combined with genetic algorithm (GA) and adaptive moment estimation (ADAM) optimization algorithm model is constructed to analyze the power flow calculation method of distribution networks under stochasticity. Firstly, the power flow initial value information, topology characteristics, and power factor index are introduced to construct a training set, and the mapping relationship between bus voltage and power is fully explored by training the regression model. Second, the GA‐ADAM algorithm is used to optimize the initial values and weight parameters of the model. Finally, it is verified based on IEEE‐33 bus distribution model, and the model is used for power flow calculation, and compared with other methods through each relevant error evaluation indicators. The results show that the model constructed in this paper has small error indicators and high accuracy, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of power flow calculation.
Optimization method of 3D reconstruction of metal cultural relics based on 3D laser scanning data reduction
Authors: Chen Xiang , Wang Ling , Ding Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe extraction effect and feature matching are poor in the three‐dimensional reconstruction of metal cultural relics, which leads to a poor reconstruction effect. Therefore, an optimization method of three‐dimensional reconstruction of metal cultural relics based on 3D laser scanning data reduction is proposed. The overall technical design route of the method is shown as follows. Based on this model, the 3D laser scanning method is used to collect 3D images of metal artefacts, combined with colour space and 2D entropy detection methods to pre‐process 3D images, and feature matching of point clouds is carried out to extract and optimize the significant value of superpixels, and a 3D reconstructed visual model is constructed. Affine transformation is used to obtain the affine invariant moment of the structural light parameters of the visual feature lines of metal cultural relics. The light stability adjustment of the three‐dimensional reconstruction of metal cultural relics is realized by using the linear structural light adjustment method in the HSV colour space. The rigid and non‐rigid registration methods are introduced to match the point cloud. The product quantization algorithm is used to linearize the error function, and the block feature detection and matching model of spatial image is obtained. The noise number is judged by the threshold value, and the three‐dimensional reconstruction technology is combined to realize the three‐dimensional reconstruction of metal relics. The simulation results show that this method has good visual expression ability, high feature recognition rate, and improves the three‐dimensional reconstruction ability of metal relics.
Visible and near-infrared spectral results of Chang’E-5 surficial and subsurface soils
Authors: Wu Y. Z. , Chai Y. M. , Lu Y. , Chen X. J. , Wang W. W. , Jin Q. 
Published: December 2023

Aims. Studies on high-resolution and high-precision laboratory reflectance spectra of the Moon have historically been restricted to the analysis of old Apollo samples (>3.0 Ga). In contrast, studies of young lunar soils have exclusively relied on the analysis of remote sensing spectra. In this study, we present the results of a laboratory spectral investigation of young lunar soils (~2.0 Ga) obtained by the Chang’E-5 (CE-5) mission.
Methods. We analyzed surficial and subsurface soils collected through scooped and drilled sampling methods. The laboratory reflectance spectra of the CE-5 soils were compared with those of Apollo soils and orbital spectra. Two methods were employed for maturity inversion. The relationship between the UV-vis color and TiO2 content of young basalts was also investigated.
Results. The CE-5 samples exhibit much fresher spectral features, including higher reflectance, deeper absorption depths, and a smaller visible and near-infrared continuum slope (VNCS), compared to pristine regolith. The subsurface soils sampled from a depth of approximately 10 cm exhibit a slightly fresher spectral feature compared to the surficial soils. Our comparison revealed a rapid rate of space weathering at the lunar surface compared to the vertical overturn. Compared to older iron-rich soils, the CE-5 soils have a larger reflectance but similar UV-vis ratios. The UV-vis ratio alone could not accurately predict the TiO2 content of all mare basalts. The CE-5 samples provide a new ground truth for estimating the TiO2 content of young lunar basalts, which have the largest uncertainty in TiO2 content, as estimated from spectral parameters. We find that the samples returned by the CE-5 mission represent disturbed soils and that they exhibit significantly fresher characteristics compared to pristine regolith, a fact that should be kept in mind when using samples as ground truth for remote sensing research.
Unintentional Suture Fistula Between the Proximal and Distal Esophagus in a Preterm Neonate with Type C Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Menso Julia E. , Reijntjes Maud A. , Mussies Carlijn M. , van Wijk Michiel P. , Zwaveling Sander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a patient with gross type C esophageal atresia in a preterm neonate (gestational age of 31 weeks + 1 day) with a birth weight of 1,470 g. The fistula was released via a thoracotomy, but no primary anastomosis could be made, due to an unexpected long gap. The distal esophagus was closed and approximated to the blind pouch using traction sutures until an adjacent position was reached. A gastrostomy was created for enteral feeding. Although a second attempt to make an anastomosis was unsuccessful, the patient unexpectedly developed a suture fistula 6 weeks after the first procedure, enabling feeding via a nasogastric tube. Over time, six dilations were necessary. Full enteral feeding was achieved at the age of 6 months. Our case confirms sparse reports that deliberately creating a suture fistula may be a solution in esophageal atresia patients when an unexpected long gap prohibits a primary anastomosis.
Missed Proximal Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF) in a Neonate with Type D Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Menso Julia E. , Reijntjes Maud A. , Oomen Matthijs W. , Rinkel Rico N.P.M. , Terheggen-Lagro Suzanne W.J. , Gorter Ramon R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a patient with the rare type D esophageal atresia (EA), diagnosed after correction of an EA initially diagnosed as type C. Routine postoperative contrast esophagogram showed a missed proximal tracheoesophageal fistula. This case report illustrates the potential difficulties to diagnose type D EA.
Ligand-Free Copper(I) Chloride Catalyzed N-Arylation of 1,2,4-Triazole with Aryl Bromides
Authors: Teo Yong-Chua , Ang WeiZhi , Low Chloe Kah-Yee 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn efficient protocol was developed for the N-arylation of 1,2,4-triazole by using substituted aryl bromides catalyzed by CuCl under ligand-free conditions. This method afforded the products in good to excellent yields (up to 88%) under the optimized conditions.
Evidence from the Use of Solvatochromic Dyes Indicates that Bulk Pure Water does not Potentise
Authors: Cartwright Steven J. , Pinkus Tony S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Whilst it is assumed that water plays a crucial role in homeopathy, it is unclear what specific functions water has in the generation, propagation and maintenance of homeopathic potencies. Solvatochromic dyes have demonstrated themselves to be reliable indicators of the presence of potencies and so are well placed to begin to address these questions.
Objective The aim of the current study was to ascertain whether pure water could be potentised. If pure water can be potentised, this would indicate that water plays a crucial role in the generation of homeopathic potencies. If it cannot be potentised, then this result points to water being an inert carrier and medium for the potentisation of substances placed in it.
Methods A specially designed potentiser capable of consistently and reliably producing homeopathic potencies to rigorous standards (Pinkus Potentiser) was used to run up potencies of “Water 10M” and Arsenicum 10M in two interchangeable stainless-steel vials. “Water 10M” and Arsenicum 10M, along with unsuccussed control water, were then tested against solutions of the solvatochromic dye phenol blue by following the absorbance of the dye at 658 nm.
Results “Water 10M” gave results no different statistically from unsuccussed water (p > 0.05) with no change over the time course of the experiments, whereas Arsenicum 10M gave statistically different results (p < 0.001) with increasing divergence from both “Water 10M” and unsuccussed water over time. Similar results were obtained when the vials in which Arsenicum 10M and “Water 10M” were produced were exchanged, so that the vial in which Arsenicum 10M had been produced was then used to produce “Water 10M” and vice versa, indicating the results could not be explained by any anomalies in the production vials themselves.
Conclusion Results using the solvatochromic dye phenol blue to detect and measure homeopathic potencies indicate that bulk water itself does not potentise and that unsuccussed water and water that has been succussed are no different. This indicates that what is potentised during cycles of dilution and succussion are the substances placed in water and not the water itself. In turn, this indicates that water is simply a carrier for the homeopathic signal. Evidence from the practice of homeopathy supports this conclusion.
Efficacy and Safety of Holmium Laser Lithotripsy for Renal Calculi in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: A Comparative Study in Libyan Patients
Authors: Abushnaf Abubaker , Garta Ibrahim , Omran Ali bin , Aboshnaf Anas 
Published: December 2023

Background Kidney stones are a common problem that can be treated by different surgical methods. The choice of treatment depends on the stone and patient characteristics and the local resources and skills of the urologists.
Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes regarding the safety and effectiveness of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) using holmium laser lithotripsy for kidney stones sizes of less than or equal to 20, and more than 20 mm.
Methods The study was conducted on 54 patients with renal calculi at a single center using RIRS and holmium lithotripsy from April 2022 to April 2023. Stone size was calculated by summing up the diameters of all renal calculi, and stone-free rate (SFR) was defined as no stone or stone fragment less than 1 mm in the kidney. Results are described as mean ± standard deviation, frequency, and percentages. Chi-squared or unpaired t-tests are used for comparison between different groups as appropriate. A p-value less than 0.05 is considered significant.
Results The mean intrarenal stone size was 17.8 ± 7.6 mm, with a significant difference in stone size less than or equal to 20 mm and stone size more than 20 mm (19 ± 4.7 and 35 ± 4 mm, respectively). The main operation time was 66 ± 36.5 minutes, with significantly longer operation time for patients with kidney stones more than 20 mm (94.9 ± 34.5 vs. 49 ± 26 for stone size ≤20 mm). There was no difference in the length of stay after operation between the two different stone sizes. The overall immediate SFR was 64.4%, where stone size less than or equal to 20 mm showed a significantly higher SFR (83%) than SFR for stone size more than 20 mm (31%). This SFR increased to 91.1% 1 month later, with 100% clearance for stones size less than or equal to 20 mm compared with only 68% for stones size more than 20 mm. The overall complication rate was 9.2%, most of them were due to urinary tract infections (5 cases) that required intravenous antibiotics. Stone size had no significant effect on the complication rate. There was no significant difference in SFR between lower calyceal stone and other sites of stone.
Conclusion RIRS combined with holmium laser lithotripsy is a valuable treatment option for patients with renal stones particularly for patients with stones size of less than or equal to 20 mm with a relatively low rate and severity of complications.
Unraveling the Impact of Sperm DNA Fragmentation on Reproductive Outcomes
Authors: Nielsen Jeanett L.M. , Majzoub Ahmad , Esteves Sandro , Humaidan Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in identifying subcellular causes of male infertility, and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) research has been at the forefront of this focus. DNA damage can occur during spermatogenesis due to faulty chromatin compaction or excessive abortive apoptosis. It can also happen as sperm transit through the genital tract, often induced by oxidative stress. There are several methods for SDF testing, with the sperm chromatin structure assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d-UTI nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, comet assay, and sperm chromatin dispersion test being the most commonly used. Numerous studies strongly support the negative impact of SDF on male fertility potential. DNA damage has been linked to various morphological and functional sperm abnormalities, ultimately affecting natural conception and assisted reproductive technology outcomes. This evidence-based review aims to explore how SDF influences male reproduction and provide insights into available therapeutic options to minimize its detrimental impact.
Gender Representation on North American Ophthalmology Societies' Governance Boards
Authors: Bondok Mostafa , Selvakumar Rishika , Khan Muhammad , Bondok Mohamed S. , Nguyen Anne Xuan-Lan , Ing Edsel , Law Christine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose We examined the gender distribution and academic productivity of North American ophthalmology societies' board members.
Methods Cross-sectional and retrospective study of board members on American and Canadian ophthalmology societies. In December 2022, data was gathered from society webpages, online archives, and the Scopus database for publication information.
Results Of the identified 73 board presidents and 876 other board members, 49 (67.1%) board presidents were men and 24 (32.9%) were women, while 554 (63.2%) other board members were men and 322 (36.8%) were women (p = 0.53). Overall, board members who were men had significantly higher median h-indexes (men vs. women: 10 [interquartile range [IQR] = 22] vs. 7 [IQR = 12], p = 0.03) and median publication numbers (men vs. women: 23 [IQR = 84] vs. 14 [IQR = 52.3], p = 0.01). However, m-quotients (h-index divided by length of academic career) were not significantly different (men vs. women: 0.46 [IQR = 0.74] vs. 0.50 [IQR = 0.55], p = 0.67). Overall, a significant increase in the proportion of women board presidents comparing periods 1942 to 1961 and 2002 to 2021 was observed for all societies combined (3.1% [2/65] to 23.6% [210/888], p < 0.001).
Conclusion The fraction of women on the academic boards in North American ophthalmology societies has increased sevenfold over the past 83 years. The gender composition of ophthalmology society boards is consistent with the gender composition of practicing ophthalmologists in the United States. Women in board or society positions have comparable academic output to men. Existing and new efforts to sustain progress in promoting women's representation and leadership opportunities must continue.