bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Energi Terbarukan dari Pemanfaatan Energi Biogas POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Sagala Donar , Frimawaty Evi , Sodri Ahyahudin 
Published: December 2023

Energi berperan penting dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Ketersediaan dan akses yang merata terhadap energi bersih merupakan suatu tantangan yang dihadapi saat ini. Indonsia sebagai negara produsen minyak sawit mentah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) di dunia dengan produksi mencapai 45.12 juta ton pada tahun 2021. Seiring dengan peningkatan volume produksi yang besar tersebut akan menghasilkan sejumlah besar limbah cair pabrik sawit atau Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Penguraian POME secara anaerobik akan menghasilkan biogas yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. POME yang tidak dikelola dengan baik akan berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dikarenakan kandungan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang tinggi, apabila langsung dibuang ke kolam terbuka maka akan melepas gas metana ke atmosfer sebagai emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Namun jika dikelola dengan tepat akan memberikan nilai tambah secara ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan terutama dalam hal pengurangan GRK dan pencemaran sumber daya air. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk membahas potensi energi terbarukan dari pemanfaatan energi biogas POME. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan melakukan survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik POME memiliki suhu 70 – 900C, bersifat asam dengan pH 4 - 5,5 dan kandungan COD tinggi yaitu 80.000 – 120.000 mg/L, dengan proses anaerobik sistem tanki reaktor menghasilkan biogas dengan rasio sekitar 30 – 40 Nm3/ton POME. Biometana sebagai komponen utama biogas yang dihasilkan dari penguraian POME dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan pengganti fosil. Potensi energi terbarukan dari POME di Provinsi Jambi besar dengan total kapasitas pabrik sebesar 3.437 ton TBS/jam, berpotensi menghasilkan energi listrik sebesar 2.160 GWH/tahun. Tantangan dalam pengembangan energi terbarukan dari POME dikarenakan biaya investasi yang tinggi dan juga kebijakan yang ada belum memudahkan investor untuk pengembangan energi terbarukan di pabrik kelapa sawit.
Universal design for learning as a basis for curriculum development
Authors: Nemec Iris , Langer Sarah , Balz Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The project "Barrierfree dEsign foR Teaching and Learning" (BERTL) aims to identify and reduce barriers in teaching, with a focus on Universal Design or Design for All. BERTL includes an analysis of the situation at the University, to identify barriers faced by people with disabilities, chronic diseases, and in different life situations The BERTL Simulation Lab and Toolbox will be developed based on the analysis to help identify and eliminate barriers in their courses, and the continuing education program. In the different phases of the project, pilot courses with different didactic concepts are analyzed, checked for barriers in teaching materials and course procedures also peer feedbacks are conducted. These results will be used to improve and expand the courses of the University Applied Science and the used didactic principles. Establishing a handbook and a training series at the University is also aim of this project as practice collection and sample courses to support lecturers. The project results will be used in teaching and made publicly available.
Stability of cell adhesion noise analysis for the detection of cancer cell lines
Authors: Ell Maximilian , Zeck Günther 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Detecting cells on substrates time-continuously without the need of optical microscopy is broad interest in biotechnological applications. We demonstrate the stability and repeatability of a method to detect cancer cells using cell adhesion noise spectroscopy across different CMOS-based microelectrode arrays. We analyze the recordings in terms of spectral power density.
On the semantics of (negated) approximative kaada in Classical Arabic: a case for embedded exhaustification
Authors: Abu Helal Abdel-Rahman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it proposes a compositional semantic analysis for approximative kaada in Classical Arabic which has the property of being a clause-level rather than predicate-level operator: [KAADA α] is paraphrased as [α is false but there exists β close to α such that β is true]. The analysis is based on the integrated semantics of Penka (Penka, Doris. 2006. Almost there: The meaning of almost. Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 10. 275–286) in which the negativity component of kaada is interpreted as part of its lexical meaning within a situation semantics framework. It also makes a novel use of the concept of semantic closeness among situations in terms of the intuitively appealing dimension of the relative completion of an event. Second, the paper presents and analyzes an instance of a puzzle noted by most descriptive Classical Arabic grammarians (see, for example, al-Ahmad, Ayman. 2021. Dalalit KAADA l-manfiah fi l-Qurʾaan l-kareem. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Literature 9(2). 838–859) in which negated kaada has an interpretation where the negativity implication disappears altogether. The paper offers a solution to the puzzle based on a previous suggestion made by Kilbourn-Ceron (Kilbourn-Ceron, Oriana. 2016. Embedded exhaustification: Evidence from almost. Journal of Semantics 34(1). 43–60) in which an instance of embedded exhaustification appears to apply in approximatives in certain contexts in such a way that the negativity inference is obscured.
Fichtes Bestimmung des Menschen und die Rhetorik des Transzendentalismus
Authors: Raisbeck Joanna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The importance of philosophical rhetoric for Fichte is well-known, and in particular how it connects to his concept of the public role of the philosopher. This article examines Fichte’s Die Bestimmung des Menschen (1799) – a popular work in a double sense – in the context of Fichte’s philosophical rhetoric, with a focus on the use of persuasio. Much as Die Bestimmung des Menschen was met with substantial criticism upon its initial publication in German, it proved to be one of the central works in Fichte’s English-language reception in the nineteenth century, where Fichte’s philosophy became integrated into Transcendentalism. Fichte’s work was praised for its aesthetic and persuasive qualities, and it is this element of persuasio which can be traced in readers’ use of Die Bestimmung des Menschen.
Die Beredsamkeit bereden
Authors: Görner Rüdiger 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rhetorical features in a text are integral to its aesthetic and persuasive quality. They prefigure its oral, or indeed oratory, character. However, with their inevitable exaggeration of a discursive point they often run contrary to any claim of truthfulness. This very fact has given ‚rhetoric‘ a negative flair. Around 1800, in the aftermath of the French Revolution and in the course of Napoleon’s occupation of most of Europe, discourses on rhetoric as a liberating, or at least emancipatory force regained a politically charged prominence. Adam Müller, for one, argued that in Germany in particular, a proper culture of the rhetorical would be crucial whilst Heinrich von Kleist examined the emergence of thought from rhetorical situations. This contribution discusses the far-reaching implications of these discourses in terms of their aesthetic and political implications.
The Effects of Low-Load Squat Jump and Maximal Isometric Priming Exercise on Muscular Performance and Perceptual State
Authors: Harrison Peter W. , James Lachlan P. , Jenkins David G. , McGuigan Michael R. , Holmberg Patrick M. , Kelly Vincent G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Harrison, PW, James, LP, Jenkins, DG, McGuigan, MR, Holmberg, PM, and Kelly, VG. The effects of low-load squat jump and maximal isometric priming exercise on muscular performance and perceptual state. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 1–9, 2024—The aim of this study was to examine responses at 3 and 27 hours after low-load jump squat (LL) and maximal isometric half-squat (ISO) priming stimuli. Fifteen resistance-trained males performed LL (4 × 3 at 20% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), ISO (4 × 3 seconds), and control (CON) activities (standardized warm-up) in a randomized and counterbalanced order. Countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric midthigh pull tests were conducted to assess performance changes after priming and CON activities. No clear changes in CMJ measures were found after priming activities compared with CON. However, small effect size improvements were found after priming stimuli completed on the same day. A 2.9% decrease in concentric phase duration (CI = 0.3–5.9, p = 0.333, Cliff's delta = −0.156) and a 9.1% increase in RSImod (CI = 0.2–12.3, p = 0.151, Cliff's delta = −0.218) occurred at 3 hours after LL compared with CON. Braking phase duration (CI = 0.8–10.6, p = 0.333, Cliff's delta = −0.213) was 2.9% shorter at 3 hours after ISO compared with CON. No clear changes in isometric peak force occurred after priming activities compared with CON. Additionally, questionnaires were completed to assess perceptual state and perceived effectiveness of the priming stimulus to influence performance. An increase in the “effect of activity” was perceived at 3 hours after LL and ISO (p = 0.013–0.044, Cliff's delta = 0.578–0.6) and at 27 hours after ISO (p = 0.99, Cliff's delta = 0.173) compared with CON. An increase in “muscular heaviness” was also reported at 3 hours after ISO compared with CON (p = 0.199, Cliff's delta = 0.320). The collective findings suggest limited benefits over the day after LL and ISO priming stimuli. However, as there was substantial variation in individual responses, the relative nature of priming responses should be considered when prescribing similar strategies in practical environments.
Objection to Inspection Activities as a Special Legal Instrument for Protection of the Entrepreneur
Authors: Etel Maciej 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objection to inspection activities is a special legal instrument that allows an entrepreneur to react in a situation where inspection activities have been undertaken and conducted in violation of the regulations governing the rules and procedures for such inspections of business activities. This study analyses this instrument, in particular the possibility of filing an objection and exclusions in this regard, authorized entities, the issue of quasi-objections, the effects that the objection causes or may cause, the rules of procedure for the filing and resolution of the objection, as well as the issues of complaints against the decision to continue controlling activities and complaints to the administrative court. In addition to the analysis of legal provisions creating the normative construction of objection to inspection activities, the study includes related assessments, conclusions and findings of doctrine and jurisprudence. The study answers the question of whether an objection to inspection activities is an effective and available instrument to protect the entrepreneur in a situation where inspection activities are conducted in violation of regulations.
The Privilege against Self-Incrimination in EU Competition Law: Time for a Case Law Update?
Authors: Cleynenbreugel Pieter Van 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Since 1989, the Court of Justice of the European Union has recognised a privilege against self-incrimination for undertakings subject to public enforcement procedures on the basis of Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. That privilege forms part of the fundamental rights of the defence. Over time, the privilege has been read into Article 6 ECHR and has gained ground in other domains of EU law as well. Against that background, the question arises as to whether the CJEU’s original case law in the field of EU competition law needs to be updated. This paper revisits that case law by comparing it with developments in the context of the ECHR and in other domains of EU law. It argues that, in light of those developments, a case law update may indeed prove necessary. However, such an update alone would not sufficiently address the practical difficulties currently surrounding the application of the privilege in practice. For that, more coordinated legislative action would be warranted.
Between Ideal and Reality: Professional Activation Facilities and the Employment of People on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Oksztulski Maciej 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Profit maximization is a process that companies go through to determine the best production levels and prices to achieve their goals. It would seem that the market’s ‘no limit’ applies, yet there are in fact impassable limits, set by law. Labour law and related human rights are undoubtedly well established among these limits. The balance in this area oscillates around an equilibrium, but time and again, niches of disproportionality are revealed on both sides. For example, although the right to work is effectively guaranteed by international law and domestic Polish law, only 2% of people on the autism spectrum are in work. This is all the more alarming because, due to the noticeable increase in the number of people diagnosed with autism in Poland and around the world, it is increasingly becoming a topic of public debate. A systemic way to include such people in the labour market is primarily through vocational development centres (ZAZs). This article presents the legal framework in question, in juxtaposition with the results of an empirical study conducted in 2022. Out of a total of 127 ZAZs operating in Poland, only four employ more than one person on the autism spectrum. The increase in the number of autistic people, along with the stagnation of the labour market supply aimed at them, prompts demands for remedial measures, such as incentive-based offers of financial support for ZAZs linked to employment quotas for autistic people.
Portfólio: ferramenta de avaliação aplicada com idosos no contexto da EAD
Authors: Varela Aline Silva , Araujo Eliza Flora Muniz , Serra Ilka , Oliveira Efigênia Magda Vieira de , Cardoso Marlene Lobato Martins 
Published: December 2023

O presente estudo visa apresentar o resultado da investigação sobre o portfólio enquanto ferramenta de avaliação, trabalhada num curso de formação continuada para pessoas idosas, na modalidade EaD, enquanto processo formativo, sistemático e contínuo. Caracteriza-se como um estudo de natureza qualitativa descritiva, com procedimento bibliográfico, cujos dados e informações foram obtidos do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem do Curso Educação para o Envelhecimento, ofertado pela . Constatou-se que o portfólio foi utilizado como registro de experiências vivenciadas e, também, possibilitou o exercício da reflexão sobre tais experiências.
INCIDENCE AND DEMOGRAPHICS MANIFESTATIONS OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN SULAIMANYIAH CITY
Authors: Ali Rozhgar , Ameen Hazha , Nidhamalddin Sara , Hassan Mohammed , Qadir Azhin 
Published: December 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy. However, there is a shifting paradigm and clinical manifestation related to the early presentation.
Objectives
To know the incidence and evaluate the demographic manifestations of colorectal cancers in Sulaimani.
Patients and Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 516 patients admitted to Hiwa Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Data of patients were retrieved from the hospital database. Inclusion criteria were patients aged ≥18 years who had colorectal cancers. Demographic features, including ages and gender, clinical manifestations, abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, constipation, and personal and family history of malignancy, were recorded. Also, the location, stages, and histopathological features of cancer were recorded.
Results
The incidence of colorectal cancers was 40.3 per 100000 persons per year. There was no significant shifting of colorectal cancer incidence toward younger ages (p-value = 0.605). The majority of patients were aged >50 years, and the male: female ratio was (1.1:1). Most patients were presented with abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum, and constipation; 64.5%, 57.2%, and 41.9%, respectively. A significant association was found between grades and presentations. There was a significant association of polyp findings on colonoscopy with their staging.
Conclusion
The incidence of colorectal cancers in Sulaimani did not significantly shift toward younger ages but slightly increased. Colorectal cancer had near-the-same gender distribution, and most patients had abdominal pain and bleeding per rectum.
CASE REPORT: POST-MEGASTENT DUODENAL POLYP
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Raheem Araz , Ahmed Ali 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Most duodenal polyps are non-neoplastic. Instead, they represent regenerative/hyperplastic nodules of foveolar epithelium or Brunner gland proliferation (38%). Other less common polyps include heterotopic (6%) and neoplastic lesions (11%) (1). Adenomas of intestinal type are the most common (89%), followed by adenomatous lesions that present a gastric phenotype: PGAs (8%) and foveolar-type adenomas (3%) (2).
Non-neoplastic duodenal polyps, most of which represent regenerative inflammatory (pseudo) polyps, are predominantly localized in the bulb (80%) (1). The majority are associated with duodenitis, especially in the setting of peptic injury, and are less commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease or rare conditions such as primary immunodeficiencies. (3). Histologically, non-neoplastic duodenal polyps may resemble gastric hyperplastic polyps and frequently show metaplastic foveolar epithelium with active inflammation and/or erosion, reactive epithelial changes, seamless transition with the surrounding epithelium, and surface maturation. They may also simply be composed of granulation tissue. It is worth underscoring that some of these polyps are neoplastic. Some hyperplastic polyps harbor KRAS and BRAF mutations and tend to show serrated features, similar to their microvascular colonic counterparts (4). Duodenal hyperplastic polyps with KRAS mutation may represent precursor lesions of duodenal traditional serrated adenomas (4). The polypoid heterotopic gastric mucosa is another frequent type of duodenal polyps. As opposed to the peptic injury-induced foveolar metaplasia, lesions of this type also contain clusters of oxyntic glands under the surface of the foveolar epithelium. Duodenal gastric heterotopia is associated with FGPs and PPI therapy.
EFFECT OF POSTEROINFERIOR LAG SCREW POSITION FOR CEPHALOMEDULLARY NAIL ON IMPLANT FAILURE AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME COMPARED TO THE CENTER-CENTER POSITION IN INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURE
Authors: Hassan Kardo , Saeed Areewan 
Published: December 2023

Background Intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) is one of the most common injuries in older people and is more prevalent in females. Thus, we aimed to compare two proximal femoral nail screw positions (centre-centre and posteroinferior) in stable ITF types. Objectives To determine better techniques for screw placement, especially in the emergency department. Patients and Methods Prospectively and retrospectively, 76 (33 males and 43 females) patients aged > 55 years were registered; 44 of them were treated with proximal femoral nails with screw positions centre-centre inside the femoral neck (group A), and 32 patients treated with proximal femoral nail with screw positions posteroinferior inside the femoral neck (group B). They were followed up after 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to compare screw position effect on implant failure and functional outcome using MHHS. The reduction quality was assessed using neck-shaft angle (NSA), while the quality of Fixation was assessed using tip-apex distance (TAD) and calcar tip-apex distance (CalTAD). Singh index (SI) was used for osteoporosis assessment. Results The mean age of patients was 72.93±8.4 (group A) and 70.13±6.86 (group B). There was no significant correlation in incidences of implant failure among TAD (<25 mm) and CalTAD (>25 mm) in group A. For group B in Cleveland index (CI) areas 8 and 9, TAD and CalTAD were ≥ 25 mm, and there were no correlations with end-result and implant failure. In group A, 2 cases of implant-related complications were recorded; in group B, one patient was recorded. The functional score was higher in group B. Fixation quality between the two groups remained comparable. Conclusion The functional outcome of group B was better with optimal surgical conditions. Both groups had comparable radiological and Fixation failure outcomes.
ADVERSE OUTCOMES OF ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY AT GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY CENTERS IN SULAYMANIYAH AND DUHOK CITY
Authors: Asaad Hoshman , Mohammed Muhsin , Ramadhan Ali , Faraj Heero , Mohammed Mohammed , Gharib Dana , Husain Jutyar , Sdiq Ari 
Published: December 2023

Background
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has a significant and managing management of pancreaticobiliary diseases in Iraq and Kurdistan. Evaluating ERCP adverse outcomes is essential in raising the effectiveness and safety of ERCP.
Objectives
To review and measure the rate of ERCP complications in our centre and compare our results with other countries.
Patients and Methods
The present study was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in the Kurdistan Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (KCGH) in Sulaimani city and Azadi Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center in Duhok city, Kurdistan region-Iraq through the period of one year from 1st of November 2020, to 31st of October, 2021 on a sample of two hundred patients underwent ERCP; 140 patients from Sulaimani city and 60 patients from Duhok city. The researcher followed up with the patients one month after completing ERCP through direct interviews or by phone calling to observe any ERCP adverse outcomes.
Results
The most typical indication for ERCP among studied patients was choledocholithiasis (43.7%), followed by; stent removal with occlusion cholangiography (12%) and biliary malignancy (11.6%). The commonest findings of ERCP among studied patients were bile duct dilation (42.3%), filling defects (33.8%) and bile duct strictures (14.7%). The post-ERCP complications were present in 45 (22.5%) patients, including pancreatitis (12.5%), cholangitis (4.5%), hypoxia (3.5%), bleeding (1.5%), perforation (1.5%) and death (0.5%).
Conclusion
The adverse outcomes of ERCP in KCGH in Sulaimani City and the Gastroenterology and Hepatology centre in Duhok city are increased in the last year.