bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Cost Priorities: Using a Balanced Scorecard Approach in Financial Reports
Authors: Bean LuAnn , Jarnagin Bill D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOne of the prime uses for activity‐based costing is to supply data for the popular “balanced
scorecard” approach to management. But should financial statement users also have access to balanced
scorecard information? The AICPA seems to think so, and so do the authors of this article. They review
the benefits of balanced scorecard information, show how some companies are actually using scorecard systems,
and show how to integrate a scorecard approach into financial reports. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.
Can We Prevent Future Enrons?
Authors: Ketz J. Edward 
Published: August 2002

AbstractDespite a rash of “underauditing” problems in recent years, the accounting profession has done
little to stop their spread. The latest result is another disaster: Enron. Why has the United States had such a
plague of questionable accounting? Exactly what went wrong at Enron? The author answers these
questions and takes a sobering look at the implications—and what should be done. © 2002 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc.
Overcoming M&A environmental problems
Authors: Stanwick Peter A. , Stanwick Sarah D. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCompanies contemplating mergers ignore environmental problems at their own risk, warn the authors. Environmental
issues can damage the merger's value, or even torpedo the deal. But through proper research and handling, you
can avoid that. The authors show you how. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Transcriptional state and chromatin structure of the murine entactin and laminin γ1 genes
Authors: Chen Y. , Keller J.M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe positions of nucleosomes in the proximal 5′regions of the coordinately regulated murine entactin/nidogen and laminin γ1 genes have been identified in four different transcriptional states—constitutively off, basal, induced, and constitutively induced. In the entactin gene a 450 base pair (bp) region of open chromatin is present between three positioned nucleosomes and the transcriptional start site in the basal, induced, and constitutively induced states. Additionally there is a 200 bp open chromatin region at ∼−2.1 kbp that is only present in the induced and constitutively induced states. In the laminin γ1 gene, a 650 bp region of nucleosome‐free chromatin is present between nucleosomes positioned at ∼ −750 and +120 in all transcriptionally active states. These results suggest that basal co‐expression of these genes requires sites present in these near upstream regions. The induction to high levels appears to involve additional sites and possibly the production of new and/or the modification of existing trans‐acting factors. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 225–233, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Participation of Survivin in mitotic and apoptotic activities of normal and tumor‐derived cells*
Authors: Jiang Xiuyun , Wilford Casey , Duensing Stephan , Munger Karl , Jones Grace , Jones Davy 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSurvivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, containing a single baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) and no RING finger, that is expressed in many human cancers. Although it has been proposed to be involved in mitotic and cytokinetic processes, its functional subcellular distribution in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its binding to centrosomes, spindle fibers, and centromeres in relation to these processes, is not fully resolved. We have analyzed the localization of Survivin in normal (Detroit 551, IMR‐90) and tumor‐derived (HeLa, Saos‐2) cell lines, and found that it does colocalize with centrosomes in the cytoplasm during interphase, then moves to centromeres during mitosis, and finally localizes to the midbody spindle fibers during telophase. However, Taxol, a popular microtubule stabilizing agent that is frequently used in the study of these processes, severely disrupted the localization of Survivin. Taxol treatment of cells promoted extensive relocalization of Survivin with α‐tubulin on microtubules during either interphase or mitosis. Survivin antisense oligonucleotide markedly sensitized HeLa cells to cell death induced by agents acting at the level of cell surface receptor (Fas pathway) or at the level of mitochondria (etoposide). HeLa cell death induced by Survivin antisense oligonucleotide could be partially complemented by Deterin, the Drosophila homolog of Survivin (Jones et al. [2000] J. Biol. Chem. 275:22157–22166). Reciprocally, a chimera of the Deterin BIR domain and Survivin C‐terminus could rescue Drosophila Kc cells from death induced by transfection of a human caspase‐7‐expressing plasmid. These results indicate common components of Survivin and Deterin antiapoptotic action in the vertebrate and invertebrate phyla. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 342–354, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distinct involvement of NF‐κB and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways in serum deprivation‐mediated stimulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and its inhibition by 4‐hydroxynonenal
Authors: Liu Wei , Kato Masashi , Itoigawa Masataka , Murakami Hidetsugu , Yajima Michio , Wu Jianghong , Ishikawa Naohisa , Nakashima Izumi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCytokine‐induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and concomitant production of nitric oxide (NO) involve activation of mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinases and are in most cases mediated by the transcription factor NF‐κB. We investigated the role of p38 MAP kinase activation and IκB phosphorylation in iNOS expression in a novel iNOS‐inducing model in mouse macrophages. Deprivation of serum from the culture medium of RAW 264.7 cells up‐regulated iNOS and NO production, which were inhibited by 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal (HNE), a component of oxidatively modified low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Serum withdrawal induced phosphorylation of Akt, IκB, and p38 MAP kinase. Pretreatment with the potent PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin, the NF‐κB inhibitor PDTC or the specific p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB203580 each partially attenuated the induction of iNOS and NO production, demonstrating that both p38 activation and IκB phosphorylation are required for iNOS expression. SB203580, however, did not prevent the phosphorylation of Akt and IκB, suggesting that the p38 MAP kinase signal contributes to iNOS gene expression through an IκB‐phosphorylation‐independent pathway. HNE, which markedly inhibited iNOS expression and NO production, prevented the serum withdrawal‐triggered IκB phosphorylation but not that of Akt or p38 MAP kinase. A high concentration of HNE stimulated dephosphorylation of IκB but promoted activation of p38 MAP kinase. Taken together, these results suggest that NF‐κB and p38 MAP kinase lie in separate signal pathways for serum deprivation‐stimulated iNOS expression and NO production. HNE selectively suppresses the former pathway, targeting a site downstream of Akt. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 271–280, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elfin is expressed during early heart development*
Authors: Kotaka Masayo , Lau Yee‐man , Cheung Kwok‐kuen , Lee Simon M.Y. , Li Hoi‐yeung , Chan Wood‐yee , Fung Kwok‐pui , Lee Cheuk‐yu , Waye Mary M.Y. , Tsui Stephen K.W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractElfin (previously named CLIM1) is a protein that possesses an N‐terminal PDZ domain and a C‐terminal LIM domain. It belongs to the family of Enigma proteins. Enigma proteins are a family of cytoplasmic proteins that contain an N‐terminal PDZ domain and a series of C‐terminal LIM domains. By virtue of these two protein interacting domains, Enigma proteins are capable of protein–protein interactions. It has been proposed that Enigma proteins may act as adapters between kinases and the cytoskeleton. We have previously shown that Elfin is most abundantly expressed in the heart and it colocalizes with α‐actinin 2 at the Z‐disks of the myocardium. In this report, Elfin was shown to localize at the actin stress fibers of myoblasts, as revealed by green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagging. In situ hybridization and immunostaining showed that Elfin expression begins at an early stage in mouse development and is present throughout the developing heart. Taken together, our experimental results suggest that Elfin may play an important role in myofibrillogenesis and heart development. J. Cell. Biochem. 83: 463–472, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pattern recognition strategies for molecular surfaces. I. Pattern generation using fuzzy set theory
Authors: Exner Thomas E. , Keil Matthias , Brickmann Jürgen 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new method for the characterization of molecules based on the model approach of molecular surfaces is presented. We use the topographical properties of the surface as well as the electrostatic potential, the local lipophilicity/hydrophilicity, and the hydrogen bond density on the surface for characterization. The definition and the calculation method for these properties are reviewed shortly. The surface is segmented into overlapping patches with similar molecular properties. These patches can be used to represent the characteristic local features of the molecule in a way that is beyond the atomistic resolution but can nevertheless be applied for the analysis of partial similarities of different molecules as well as for the identification of molecular complementarity in a very general sense. The patch representation can be used for different applications, which will be demonstrated in subsequent articles. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 12: 1176–1187, 2002
Ab initio crystal structure predictions for flexible hydrogen‐bonded molecules. Part III. Effect of lattice vibrations
Authors: van Eijck Bouke P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn crystal structure predictions possible structures are usually ranked according to static energy. Here, this criterion has been replaced by the free energy at any temperature. The effects of harmonic lattice vibrations were found by standard lattice‐dynamical calculations, including a rough estimate of the effects of thermal expansion. The procedure was tested on glycol and glycerol, for which accurate static energies had been obtained previously (Part II of this series). It was found that entropy and zero‐point energy give the largest contribution to free energy differences between hypothetical crystal structures, adding up to about 3 kJ/mol for the structures with lowest energy. The temperature‐dependent contribution to the energy and the effects of thermal expansion showed less variation among the structures. The overall accuracy in relative energies was estimated to be a few kJ/mol. The experimental crystal structure for glycol corresponded to the global free energy minimum, whereas for glycerol it ranked second at 1 kJ/mol. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 22: 816–826, 2001
Evolution of physics‐based methodology for exploring the conformational energy landscape of proteins
Authors: Scheraga Harold A. , Pillardy Jaroslaw , Liwo Adam , Lee Jooyoung , Czaplewski Cezary , Ripoll Daniel R. , Wedemeyer William J. , Arnautova Yelena A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe evolution of our physics‐based computational methods for determining protein conformation without the introduction of secondary‐structure predictions, homology modeling, threading, or fragment coupling is described. Initial use of a hard‐sphere potential captured much of the structural properties of polypeptide chains, and subsequent more refined force fields, together with efficient methods of global optimization provide indications that progress is being made toward an understanding of the interresidue interactions that underlie protein folding. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 28–34, 2002
New difference sets in nonabelian groups of order 100
Authors: Golemac Anka , Vučičić Tanja 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn two groups of order 100 new difference sets are constructed. The existence of a difference set in one of them has not been known. The correspondence between a (100, 45, 20) symmetric design having regular automorphism group and a difference set with the same parameters has been used for the construction. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 9: 424–434, 2001
Nondisconnecting disentanglements of amalgamated 2‐factorizations of complete multipartite graphs
Authors: Leach C. D. , Rodger C. A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper necessary and sufficient conditions are found for an edge‐colored graph H to be the homomorphic image of a 2‐factorization of a complete multipartite graph G in which each 2‐factor of G has the same number of components as its corresponding color class in H. This result is used to completely solve the problem of finding hamilton decompositions of Ka,b − E(U) for any 2‐factor U of Ka,b. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Combin Designs 9: 460–467, 2001
New compact‐type latex photometric immunoassay system for hemoglobin and three acute inflammation markers: Neutrophil count, C‐reactive protein, and anti‐streptolysin O
Authors: Fukumori Tatsuo , Ohta Hironobu , Okubo Akio , Hino Masayuki , Ohta Kensuke , Yamane Takahisa , Tatsumi Noriyuki 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new compact‐type latex photometric immunoassay system, SPOTCHEM IM SI‐3510 (ARKRAY, Inc., Kyoto, Japan), which assays three kinds of inflammatory markers—neutrophil count (NPC), C‐reactive protein (CRP), and anti‐streptolysin O (ASO)—was evaluated. Hemoglobin (Hb), which is a good marker for anemia, can also be measured with it. NPC and CRP are measured using antibodies against neutrophilic elastase and CRP, purified streptolysin O was used for ASO determination, and Hb was measured by an azide‐methemoglobin method. Whole blood, serum, and plasma specimens can be used as samples with this system. In this study, whole blood treated with dipotassium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid was used for evaluation. Linearity and reproducibility were good for all of the items studied. Good correlations were observed between the results obtained by this system and those obtained by routine methods. Since NPC exhibited a high correlation with the routine white blood cell (WBC) counts, it was judged to be useful as a substitute for WBC counting. Since this system is small and easy to operate, and evaluation revealed reliable results, it was judged to be practical for small laboratories, and satellite testing in hospitals and physicians’ office laboratories for patients suspected to have acute inflammation. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:95–102, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genotype resistance profiles in patients failing an NNRTI‐containing regimen, and modifications after stopping NNRTI therapy
Authors: Quiros‐Roldan Eugenia , Airoldi Monica , Moretti Francesca , Fausti Caterina , Pan Angelo , Casari Salvatore , Torti Carlo , Castelli Francesco , Carosi Giampiero 
Published: August 2002

AbstractResistance to non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) develops quickly and independently if they are used in combination with NRTIs or protease inhibitors (PIs) as rescue therapy, mainly due to the low genetic barrier of this class of drugs. In this study we examined clinical, therapeutic, and virologic characteristics in 88 patients with mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs, and in 11 patients 1 year after stopping NNRTI therapy. Between patients administered Nevirapine (NVP) and those taking Efavirenz (EFV), no statistical differences were found in CD4 cell count, HIV viral load, time on NNRTI therapy, or number of PIs administered previously. A slow decline in the detectability of mutations encoding NNRTI resistance was found. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:76–78, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Albuminuria and proteinuria in hospitalized patients as measured by quantitative and dipstick methods
Authors: Pugia Michael J. , Wallace Jane F. , Lott John A. , Sommer Ronald , Luke Karl E. , Shihabi Zak K. , Sheehan Michael , Bucksa Jean M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe tested patients’ urines for albumin, protein, and creatinine by quantitative and dipstick methods. The concentrations of these analytes were established by quantitative, cuvet‐based chemistry methods that we assumed gave the “correct” values. There was good to excellent agreement of the dipstick results with the quantitative methods for the above three analytes. We found many patients who excreted pathological amounts of albumin and/or protein who did not have a diagnosis of kidney disease or other likely causes of proteinuria, suggesting that albuminuria and/or proteinuria were underdiagnosed in our group of patients. Those with cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, or diabetes showed the greatest predictive value of a positive test for albumin or protein by dipstick. Dipstick testing for albumin, protein, and creatinine had good or excellent agreement with quantitative methods. The dipstick tests were easy to use, simple, and low in cost, and can serve well for point‐of‐care testing. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 15:295–300, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biological variability of thyroid autoantibodies (anti‐TPO and anti‐Tg) in clinically and biochemically stable patients with autoimmune thyroid disease
Authors: González Concepción , Hernando Monserrat , Cava Fernando , Herrero Eva , García‐Díez Luis Carlos , Navajo José Alejandro , González‐Buitrago José Manuel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe biological variation of anti‐TPO and anti‐Tg autoantibodies was studied in 17 clinically and biochemically stable female patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), at regular monthly intervals over a period of 6 consecutive months. The mean and standard deviation (SD), within‐subject coefficient of variation (CV), between‐subject CV, index of individuality, reliability coefficient, and critical differences were as follows: for anti‐TPO 238 (197) U/ml, 9.2%, 81.4%, 0.11, 0.96, and 27.6%; and for anti‐Tg 1,785 (3,170) U/ml, 6.9%, 174%, 0.04, 0.99, and 22.3%. The data indicate a low within‐subject CV, and a high between‐subject CV that is particularly pronounced for anti‐Tg. The high individuality of both autoantibodies indicates that an isolated result compared to conventional population‐based reference intervals is of very little value for diagnosis. Furthermore, the near to 1 reliability coefficient for both autoantibodies correctly classifies the patient with respect to his or her homeostatic mean antibody concentration in a 6‐month period of clinical and biochemical stability of thyroid disease. Imprecision goals for anti‐TPO and anti‐Tg antibodies are attainable with current methodology. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 16:37–39, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The psychologist's role in the collaborative process of psychopharmacology
Authors: Weene Kenneth A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis is a discussion of a collaborative approach between psychologists, physicians, patients, and others in the administration of psychotropic medication. It is based on a systems point of view. In that perspective, not only are the people indicated above a system, but also the patient is considered from a holistic‐systems point of view. It requires that the psychologist not only be a member of the system, and a well‐versed in medication member at that; (s)he must also be an observer of the system, be able to take a meta perspective, in order to be able to exercise some unique functions—functions for which psychologists are well‐trained. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 617–621, 2002.
Raising and lowering of heart rate variability: Some clinical findings of Thought Field Therapy
Authors: Callahan Roger J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis clinical report presents some of the findings in Thought Field Therapy (TFT) that show both raising and lowering of heart rate variability (HRV). TFT algorithms are effective, but the specificity of diagnosed treatment gives results that are superior to algorithms. Some TFT treatments take only seconds to yield improved results on HRV. Toxins can undo a cured problem and lower HRV. TFT can overturn the effect of some toxins. It is hypothesized that TFT works by inputting a specific code that addresses and effects the healing system. HRV may be a measure of general physical and mental health. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1175–1186, 2001.
The measurement of wisdom: A preliminary effort
Authors: Jason Leonard A. , Reichler Arne , King Caroline , Madsen Derryk , Camacho Jennifer , Marchese Wendy 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Foundational Value Scale (FVS) is a newly developed assessment device to measure the construct of wisdom. Factor analysis of this scale indicated five components: Harmony, Warmth, Intelligence, Nature, and Spiritual. The factors had adequate internal reliability and test–retest reliability. These dimensions were only slightly related to several other constructs (e.g., stress and depression). The FVS was not significantly related to approval motivation. The FVS appears to be a useful scale that taps several wisdom‐related dimensions. Better knowledge about wisdom could be potentially useful in understanding topics about which community psychologists have particular interest. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DNA mismatch repair and mutation avoidance pathways
Authors: Marti Thomas M. , Kunz Christophe , Fleck Oliver 
Published: August 2002

AbstractUnpaired and mispaired bases in DNA can arise by replication errors, spontaneous or induced base modifications, and during recombination. The major pathway for correction of mismatches arising during replication is the MutHLS pathway of Escherichia coli and related pathways in other organisms. MutS initiates repair by binding to the mismatch, and activates together with MutL the MutH endonuclease, which incises at hemimethylated dam sites and thereby mediates strand discrimination. Multiple MutS and MutL homologues exist in eukaryotes, which play different roles in the mismatch repair (MMR) pathway or in recombination. No MutH homologues have been identified in eukaryotes, suggesting that strand discrimination is different to E. coli. Repair can be initiated by the heterodimers MSH2‐MSH6 (MutSα) and MSH2‐MSH3 (MutSβ). Interestingly, MSH3 (and thus MutSβ) is missing in some genomes, as for example in Drosophila, or is present as in Schizosaccharomyces pombe but appears to play no role in MMR. MLH1‐PMS1 (MutLα) is the major MutL homologous heterodimer. Again some, but not all, eukaryotes have additional MutL homologues, which all form a heterodimer with MLH1 and which play a minor role in MMR. Additional factors with a possible function in eukaryotic MMR are PCNA, EXO1, and the DNA polymerases δ and ϵ. MMR‐independent pathways or factors that can process some types of mismatches in DNA are nucleotide‐excision repair (NER), some base excision repair (BER) glycosylases, and the flap endonuclease FEN‐1. A pathway has been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human that corrects loops with about 16 to several hundreds of unpaired nucleotides. Such large loops cannot be processed by MMR. J. Cell. Physiol. 191: 28–41, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.