bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent design strategies for boosting chemodynamic therapy of bacterial infections
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Guo Haiyang , Liu Ming , Tang Kaiyuan , Li Shengke , Fang Qiang , Du Hengda , Zhou Xiaogang , Lin Xin , Yang Yanjun , Huang Bin , Yang Dongliang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe emergence of drug‐resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to people's lives and health as bacterial infections continue to persist. Currently, antibiotic therapy remains the primary approach for tackling bacterial infections. However, the escalating rates of drug resistance coupled with the lag in the development of novel drugs have led to diminishing effectiveness of conventional treatments. Therefore, the development of nonantibiotic‐dependent therapeutic strategies has become imperative to impede the rise of bacterial resistance. The emergence of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has opened up a new possibility due to the CDT can convert H2O2 into •OH via Fenton/Fenton‐like reaction for drug‐resistant bacterial treatment. However, the efficacy of CDT is limited by a variety of practical factors. To overcome this limitation, the sterilization efficiency of CDT can be enhanced by introducing the therapeutics with inherent antimicrobial capability. In addition, researchers have explored CDT‐based combined therapies to augment its antimicrobial effects and mitigate its potential toxic side effects toward normal tissues. This review examines the research progress of CDT in the antimicrobial field, explores various strategies to enhance CDT efficacy and presents the synergistic effects of CDT in combination with other modalities. And last, the current challenges faced by CDT and the future research directions are discussed.
Capillipedium parviflorum and Hemisorghum venustum (Andropogoneane: Poaceae): Occurrence in India, notes on identity and typification
Authors: Shaikh Tarbej J. , Ghalme Raghunath L. , Chougule Uday L. , Potdar Girish G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe taxonomic identity and typification of Hemisorghum venustum (Thwaites) Clayton and Capillipedium parviflorum (R.Br.) Stapf. is discussed along with detailed descriptions, photographs, and notes. Morphological differences are presented for easy identification of both the species.
Functional group richness increases multifunctionality in intensively managed grasslands
Authors: Argens Laura , Brophy Caroline , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Meyer Sebastian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAgricultural yields have increased continuously over the last few decades. However, a focus solely on production can harm the environment. Diversification of agriculture has been suggested to increase production and sustainability. Biodiversity experiments showed positive effects on ecosystems and productivity. However, application of these results to intensively managed grasslands has been questioned due to differences in plant species and management regimes. Research on whether diversity can benefit multifunctionality, that is, an integrated index of multiple ecosystem functions, under intensive management, is still scarce.MethodsTo address this, we manipulated plant species richness from one to six species spanning three functional groups (legumes, herbs, and grasses) in intensively managed multispecies grassland leys and examined seven ecosystem functions.ResultsWe found that multifunctionality increased with functional group and species richness. Legume+herb mixtures showed high multifunctionality, while grass monocultures and mixtures with high proportions of grasses had low multifunctionality. Different plant species and plant communities drove different ecosystem functions. Legumes and herbs improved productivity and water availability, while grasses enhanced invasion resistance. These results indicate that multifunctionality and individual ecosystem functions can be promoted through targeted combinations of plants with complementary ecological traits.ConclusionsPlant diversity can improve multifunctionality also under intensive management, potentially benefitting agroeconomics and sustainability.
Thermohydraulic performance assessment of a solar air heater with equilateral‐triangular, trapezoidal, and square sectional ribs on the absorber plate: A comparative study
Authors: Al‐Chlaihawi Kadhim K. Idan , Hasan Moayed R. , Ekaid Ali L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeat transfer systems have been employed in numerous industrial and residential settings to convert and recover heat. One effective approach for enhancing heat transfer rates involves incorporating artificial roughness in the form of regularly spaced ribs on the heated surface. In this particular study, the researchers conducted numerical simulations to analyze the turbulent heat and flow properties within a rectangular duct of a solar air heater (SAH). The duct featured three different types of transverse rib shapes: equilateral‐triangular, trapezoidal, and square sectional ribs. The governing equations have been solved numerically using a finite‐volume technique via ANSYS FLUENT. For solving the transport equations of turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate, the RNG k– turbulence model was utilized. At a broad range of Reynolds numbers (6000 ≤ Re ≤ 18,000), relative roughness height (), and a fixed relative roughness pitch (), the Nusselt number (), friction factor (), and thermal performance factor (TPF) have been examined. The maximal Nu was obtained for equilateral‐triangular ribs, while the minimum friction factor was seen for square sectional ribs. The highest TPF of 1.591 was achieved with equilateral‐triangular ribs at and e/Dh = 0.032. Contours of kinetic energy, turbulent intensity, velocity, and pressure produced significant findings for comprehending the SAH's physical phenomena.
Performance evaluation of ecofriendly R1234ze(E) refrigerant in an automotive air conditioning system
Authors: Kuwar Yogendra V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA mathematical model for an air conditioning system used in five‐seater cars is developed with R1234ze(E) and R134a refrigerants, consisting of real system geometry like an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and thermostatic expansion valve. The mathematical model includes refrigerant properties, heat transfer, and pressure loss correlations for two‐phase and single‐phase regions. The performance parameters of a system like evaporator cooling duty, condenser heat loss, compressor power, refrigerant flow rate, and compressor volumetric efficiency obtained from a mathematical model are validated with the results of an experimental facility developed with R134a. The uncertainty analysis performed for the testing facility showed below 11% deviation. The simulation and experimental results showed an overall 10%–15% difference. It is found that the experimental cooling capacity with R134a and numerical cooling capacity with R134a show a 4%–12% variation, experimental cooling capacity with R134a and numerical cooling capacity with R1234ze(E) show a 7%–20% variation, and numerical cooling capacity with R134a and numerical cooling capacity with R1234ze(E) show a 5%–15% variation for the given range of compressor speed (500–1500 rpm), and condensing temperature (26–45°C). The study concluded that R1234ze(E) could potentially replace R134a because it has similar thermophysical properties and an average performance difference of up to 10% with R134a. Due to the limitations of the electric motor used to drive the compressor, tests in the current study were conducted at modest compressor speeds (500–1500 rpm). Future research will focus on experiments with high compressor speed (in the range of 1500–4000 rpm) and R1234yf and R1234ze(E) refrigerants for performance evaluation of automobile air conditioning systems.
Clinical utility of inflammatory biomarkers in COVID‐19‐related sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Zhang Xu , Chen Li , Guan Bing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) remain unclear, but it is generally believed to be associated with viral infections, vascular diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Considering that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is promising candidates for SSNHL, we studied the immune cells changes by COVID‐19 in patients with SSNHL.MethodsWe collected data from 47 patients with SSNHL and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) positive. Patients were divided into ineffective or effective groups based on the degree of hearing recovery at discharge. Clinical information was collected and processed for both groups. Logistic regression models were used to determine the risk factors for an unfavorable prognosis in COVID‐19‐related SSNHL. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to estimate the predictive value.ResultsThere was statistically significant difference in C‐reactive protein (CRP), auditory curve, degree decline, pretreatment hearing, posttreatment hearing, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total bilirubin, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), indirect‐bilirubin and platelet count between groups (p < 0.05). In the logistic regression model, high levels of SII and NLR were associated with treatment ineffectiveness, pre‐ and postcorrectively (both, p < 0.05). And ROC curve analysis showed higher AUC of 0.765 for SII, 0.697 for NLR,0.681 for CRP, and 0.553 for platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting treatment outcomes.ConclusionThe prognosis of COVID‐19‐related SSNHL was associated with inflammation. SII, NLR and CRP could serve as predictive markers of unfavorable outcomes in COVID‐19‐related SSNHL. SII may be considered an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in COVID‐19‐related SSNHL.
Regulome‐wide association study identifies genetically driven accessible regions associated with pancreatic cancer risk
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhong Hua , Zhu Jingjing , Wu Yong , Deng Youping , Wu Lang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified two dozen genetic variants that are associated with the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a deadly malignancy. However, a majority of these variants are located in noncoding regions of the genome, which limits the translation of GWAS findings into clinical applications. The regulome‐wide association study (RWAS) is a recently developed method for identifying TF binding‐induced accessibility regions for diseases. However, their potential connection to PDAC has yet to be fully explored. We evaluated the associations between genetically predicted levels of chromatin accessibility and risk of PDAC by using pan‐cancer chromatin accessibility genetic prediction models. Our analysis included 8275 cases and 6723 controls from the PanScan (I, II, and III) and PanC4 consortia. To further refine our results, we also integrated genes associated to allele‐specific accessibility quantitative trait loci (as‐aQTL) and TF motifs located in the as‐aQTL. We found that 50 chromatin accessibility features were associated with PDAC risk at a false discovery rate (FDR) of less than 0.05. A total of 28 RWAS peaks were identified as conditionally significant. By integrating the results from as‐aQTL, motif analysis, and RWAS, we identified candidate causal regulatory elements for two potential chromatin accessibility regions (THCA_89956 and ESCA_89167) that are associated with PDAC risk. Our study identified chromatin accessibility features in noncoding genomic regions that are associated with PDAC risk. We also predicted the associated genes and disrupt motifs. Our findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of noncoding regions for pancreatic tumorigenesis.
Association of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover Markers with the Risk of Diabetes: Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study and Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Zhang Xiaowen , Krishnamoorthy Suhas , Tang Casey Tze-Lam , Hsu Warrington Wen-Qiang , Li Gloria Hoi-Yee , Sing Chor-Wing , Tan Kathryn Choon-Beng , Cheung Bernard Man-Yung , Wong Ian Chi-Kei , Kung Annie Wai-Chee , Cheung Ching-Lung 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Preclinical studies demonstrated that bone plays a central role in energy metabolism. However, how bone metabolism is related to the risk of diabetes in humans is unknown. We investigated the association of bone health (bone mineral density [BMD] and bone turnover markers) with incident type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study (HKOS). A total of 993 and 7160 participants from the HKOS were studied for the cross-sectional and prospective analyses, respectively. The cross-sectional study evaluated the association of BMD and bone biomarkers with fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, whereas the prospective study examined the associations between BMD at study sites and the risk of T2DM by following subjects a median of 16.8 years. Body mass index (BMI) was adjusted in all full models. Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted for causal inference. In the cross-sectional analysis, lower levels of circulating bone turnover markers and higher BMD were significantly associated with increased fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. In the prospective analysis, higher BMD (0.1 g/cm2) at the femoral neck and total hip was associated with increased risk of T2DM with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.18) and 1.14 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.21), respectively. The presence of osteoporosis was associated with a 30% reduction in risk of T2DM compared to those with normal BMD (HR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.90). The MR results indicate a robust genetic causal association of estimated BMD (eBMD) with 2-h glucose level after an oral glucose challenge test (estimate = 0.043; 95% CI, 0.007 to 0.079) and T2DM (odds ratio = 1.064; 95% CI, 1.036 to 1.093). Higher BMD and lower levels of circulating bone biomarkers were cross-sectionally associated with poor glycemic control. Moreover, higher BMD was associated with a higher risk of incident T2DM and the association is probably causal. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Acetyltransferases CBP/p300 Control Transcriptional Switch of β-Catenin and Stat1 Promoting Osteoblast Differentiation
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Zhu Kecheng , Xu Jingzun , Chen Xiaojing , Sheng Chunxiang , Zhang Deng , Yang Yuying , Sun Lihao , Zhao Hongyan , Wang Xiao , Tao Bei , Zhou Libin , Liu Jianmin 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
CREB-binding protein (CBP) (CREBBP) and p300 (EP300) are multifunctional histone acetyltransferases (HATs) with extensive homology. Germline mutations of CBP or p300 cause skeletal abnormalities in humans and mice. However, the precise roles of CBP/p300 in bone homeostasis remain elusive. Here, we report that conditional knockout of CBP or p300 in osteoblasts results in reduced bone mass and strength due to suppressed bone formation. The HAT activity is further confirmed to be responsible for CBP/p300-mediated osteogenesis using A-485, a selective inhibitor of CBP/p300 HAT. Mechanistically, CBP/p300 HAT governs osteogenic gene expression in part through transcriptional activation of β-catenin and inhibition of Stat1. Furthermore, acetylation of histone H3K27 and the transcription factor Foxo1 are demonstrated to be involved in CBP/p300 HAT-regulated β-catenin and Stat1 transcription, respectively. Taken together, these data identify acetyltransferases CBP/p300 as critical regulators that promote osteoblast differentiation and reveal an epigenetic mechanism responsible for maintaining bone homeostasis. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Abstract
An overall illustration of the effects and potential mechanisms of acetyltransferases CBP/p300 on osteoblast differentiation. Acetyltransferases CBP and p300 are indispensable for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. H3K27Ac-mediated transcriptional activation of β-catenin and acetylated Foxo1-mediated inhibition of Stat1 are identified as novel regulatory signals for CBP/p300 HAT-governed osteogenic transcription network.
Application of spray‐dried blood plasma as a feed additive for the replacement of antibiotics in growing‐finishing swine
Authors: Gesing Bernardo , Rosa Maria Eduarda , Rangel Luis Fernando Sarmento , Sganzerla William Gustavo , Ferrareze Jocleita Peruzzo , Peripolli Vanessa , dos Santos Neto José Mauricio , Bianchi Ivan , de Oliveira Juahil Martins , Schwegler Elizabeth , Moreira Fabiana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the effect of spray‐dried blood plasma (SDP) as a feed additive for the replacement of antibiotics in swine production. The treatments were used as strategic pulses of either antibiotics or SDP in the feed of swine during the growth and termination phases. The experimental design was conducted by 4 dietary treatments with a total of 1456 swine selected just after leaving the nursery and evaluated for 122 days until slaughter.ResultsThe feed with the addition of the standard medication protocol (antibiotics) and without the inclusion of SDP had the highest feed intake (289.73 ± 3.04 kg) and reached a feed conversion of 2.57 ± 0.02 kg feed consumed per kg weight gained. Weight gain during the period of 0–122 days for the treatment with three pulses of SDP with (114.12 ± 0.64 kg) and without antibiotics (114.26 ± 1.01 kg) was higher than the control treatment (111.46 ± 1.10 kg, without antibiotics and SDP). Furthermore, the antibiotic‐based treatment associated with SDP showed a 7.76% increase in weight gain when compared with the control group. Furthermore, there was a nonsignificant difference in the mortality of animals and in the index for pneumonia and ulcer score.ConclusionThe application of SDP as a feed additive in swine at the growth and termination phases, combined with antibiotics, favored feed intake and weight gain and could be a promising alternative to upgrade zootechnical parameters in swine production.
Shedding light on the interaction of ovalbumin and resveratrol: structure, digestibility, transport, and allergenicity assessment of OVA–RES complexes
Authors: Xu Xiaoqian , Cao Qiang , Yuan Jin , Tong Ping , Li Xin , Yang Anshu , Wu Zhihua , Liu Xiaohua , Chen Hongbing , Gao Jinyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe interaction between food allergens and plant polyphenols has become a safe and effective management strategy to prevent food allergies. Ovalbumin (OVA) is the most abundant allergen in egg whites. Resveratrol (RES) is a plant polyphenol that is abundant in red grapes, berries, and peanuts, and has an anti‐allergic effect on allergy‐related immune cells. However, there is little information about the effect of RES on the allergenicity of OVA. In this study, the effect of RES on the allergenicity of OVA was investigated.RESULTSMolecular docking and spectroscopic studies indicated that the addition of RES changed the structure of OVA. The digestion and transfer rate of OVA–RES were effectively improved with an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model and Caco‐2 cell model, especially when the molar ratio of OVA–RES was 1:20. Meanwhile, the KU812 cell degranulation assay proved that the potential allergenicity was remarkably decreased while the molar ratios of OVA–RES were increased to 1:20. Furthermore, hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces were the dominating forces to stabilize the OVA–RES complexes.CONCLUSIONAll the findings demonstrated that the potential allergenicity of OVA was reduced when interacting with RES, and RES can be a potential food material for preparing a hypoallergenic protein, especially for egg allergy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Limosilactobacillus fermentum HF06‐derived paraprobiotic and postbiotic alleviate intestinal barrier damage and gut microbiota disruption in mice with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Liu Chunhong , Qi Xiaofen , Li Dan , Zhao Le , Li Qiming , Mao Kaidong , Shen Guiqi , Ma Ying , Wang Rongchun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDParaprobiotics and postbiotics have shown potential in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their in vivo application is still in its infancy and their mechanisms of action are not well understood.RESULTSHere, we investigated the mitigation effects of Limosilactobacillus fermentum HF06‐derived paraprobiotic (6‐PA) and postbiotic (6‐PS) on dextran sulfate sodium induced UC and the potential mechanisms. Results indicated that the administration of 6‐PA and 6‐PS resulted in the inhibition of weight loss and colon shortening in mice with UC. Furthermore, they led to a significant reduction in both fecal moisture content and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in the intestine of the mice. 6‐PA and 6‐PS treatment strengthened the intestinal mucosal barrier by dramatically upregulating the levels of zonula occludens‐1 and occludin proteins. In addition, 6‐PA and 6‐PS restored intestinal dysbiosis by regulating abundances of certain bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Faecalibaculum, Muribaculaceae, Corynebacterium, Escherichia‐Shigella and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and regulated the level of short‐chain fatty acids.CONCLUSIONThese findings illustrated for the first time that L. fermentum HF06‐derived paraprobiotic and postbiotic enhanced the intestinal barrier function, and restored gut microbiota alterations. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Exogenous brassinolide treatment regulates phenolic accumulation in mung bean sprouts through the modulation of sugar and energy metabolism
Authors: Wang Hanbo , Chen Jinghao , Guo Runjiu , Wang Dan , Wang Taixia , Sun Yali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effects of exogenous brassinolide (BR) treatment (3.0 μmol L−1) on phenolic biosynthesis in mung bean sprouts were investigated. This investigation included the analysis of sugar content, substrates within the phenylpropane pathway, energy substances, enzymatic activity within the phenylpropane pathway, sugar metabolism and energy metabolism.RESULTSResults showed that BR treatment significantly increased the levels of total phenolics, p‐hydroxybenzoic acid, p‐coumaric acid, gallic acid, fumalic acid and caffeic acid. This enhancement was accomplished through the elevation of l‐phenylalanine levels and the activation of enzymes associated with the phenylpropane pathway in mung bean sprouts, including phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, cinnamate 4‐hydroxylase and 4‐coumarate CoA ligase. Furthermore, BR treatment induced alterations in sugar metabolism in mung bean sprouts as evidenced by the increased levels of glucose, fructose, sucrose and phosphoenolpyruvate. Moreover, increased activity was observed for enzymes linked to sucrose metabolism and glycolysis in the BR‐treated group. Concurrently, BR treatment bolstered the levels of adenosine triphosphate and energy charge in mung bean sprouts, which was attributed to the activation of H+‐adenosine triphosphatase, Ca2+‐adenosine triphosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that BR treatment can accelerate the accumulation of phenolic compounds in mung bean sprouts. This effect is achieved not only through the activation of the phenylpropane pathway, but also through the modulation of sugar and energy metabolism. The modulation provides ample energy and a substrate for the biosynthesis of phenolics. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.