bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term administration of probiotics prevents gastrointestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in septic mice partly by upregulating the 5-HT degradation pathway
Authors: Cao Xiaopeng , Zhao Hui , Liang Zhimin , Cao Yi , Min Min 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sepsis can impair gastrointestinal (GI) barrier integrity. Oral probiotics (PT) can maintain the balance of GI microflora and improve GI function. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a key promoter of GI injury caused by sepsis. However, the mechanism by which PT attenuates sepsis by regulating 5-HT is not fully understood. In this study, C57BL6 mice were intragastric administrated with normal saline (NC) or PT once a day for 4 weeks before cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Compared with NC-CLP mice, PT-CLP mice had lower clinical score, higher body temperature. The survival rate of PT-CLP mice was significantly improved. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and 5-HT were obviously decreased in PT-CLP mice, and GI peristalsis and barrier function were enhanced. Moreover, sepsis downregulated the expression of tight junction proteins, while PT pretreatment could maintain them at the level of sham operation group. Furthermore, PT pretreatment increased the expression of serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase A. PT administration could inhibit NF-κB activity, and activate ERK activity. In conclusion, long-term supplementation of PT before CLP can prevent sepsis-induced GI mucosal barrier dysfunction in mice, which may be partially mediated by upregulating the 5-HT degradation pathway via activating ERK signaling.
miR-192 inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells by targeting Rictor
Authors: Kang Hui , Luo Jie , Wang Chun , Hong Yinghui , Ye Mingliang , Ding Yang , Zhao Qiu , Chang Ying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is regarded as the primary driving factor of liver fibrosis. miR-192, a miRNA associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and enriched in HSCs, has an undisclosed role in HSC activation and liver fibrosis. In this study, a CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis model and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-treated HSC lines (LX-2 and HSC-T6) were used to detect miR-192 and Rictor levels in vivo and in vitro. Bioinformatic analysis and a dual luciferase assay were used to predict and confirm the interaction of Rictor with miR-192. Gain- and/or loss-of-function methods evaluated molecular changes and HSC activation phenotypes, detected by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. We observed a gradual downregulation of miR-192 and upregulation of Rictor during CCl4-induced liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in rats. Enriched miR-192 was downregulated, while Rictor was upregulated in TGF-β1-activated HSCs. miR-192 inhibited the activation of HSCs by directly targeting Rictor. High miR-192/low Rictor expression attenuated the fibrotic-related gene expression by AKT/mTORC2 signaling. In conclusion, miR-192 could inhibit the activation of HSCs by directly targeting Rictor in the AKT/mTORC2 signaling pathway. This study provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Active Huygens’ metasurface based on in-situ grown conductive polymer
Authors: Lu Wenzheng , Menezes Leonardo de S. , Tittl Andreas , Ren Haoran , Maier Stefan A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Active metasurfaces provide unique advantages for on-demand light manipulation at a subwavelength scale for emerging visual applications of displays, holographic projectors, optical sensors, light detection and ranging (LiDAR). These applications put stringent requirements on switching speed, cycling duration, electro-optical controllability, modulation contrast, optical efficiency and operation voltages. However, previous demonstrations focus only on particular subsets of these key performance requirements for device implementation, while the other performance metrics have remained too low for any practical use. Here, we demonstrate an active Huygens’ metasurface based on conductive polyaniline (PANI), which can be in-situ grown and optimized on the metasurface. We have achieved simultaneously on the active metasurface switching speed of 60 frame per second (fps), switching duration of more than 2000 switching cycles without noticeable degradation, hysteresis-free controllability over intermediate states, modulation contrast of over 1400 %, optical efficiency of 28 % and operation voltage range within 1 V. Such PANI-powered active metasurface design can be readily incorporated into other metasurface concepts to deliver high-reliability electrical control over its optical response, paving the way for compact and robust electro-optic metadevices.
Twelve-channel LAN wavelength-division multiplexer on lithium niobate
Authors: He Jianghao , Zhang Ming , Liu Dajian , Bao Yaoxin , Li Chenlei , Pan Bingcheng , Huang Yishu , Yu Zejie , Liu Liu , Shi Yaocheng , Dai Daoxin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A twelve-channel local-area-network (LAN) wavelength-division multiplexing (LWDM) filter is proposed and demonstrated with a uniform channel spacing of 4.5 nm (800 GHz) in the O-band of 1270–1330 nm by using x-cut lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) photonic waveguides for the first time. The present LWDM filter consists of twelve single-channel bandpass filters based on multimode waveguide gratings (MWGs) assisted with a TE0/TE1 mode (de)multiplexer. In particular, two stages of MWGs in cascade are introduced for each single-channel bandpass filter, in order to achieve high sidelobe suppression ratios, thus reducing interchannel crosstalk. For the fabricated twelve-channel LWDM filter, all the channels have very excellent box-like spectral responses with low excess losses of ∼0.6 dB, broad 1-dB bandwidths of ∼2.9–3.4 nm (which is close to 75 % of the channel spacing), and ultra-low interchannel crosstalk of <−40 dB in experiments. In addition, the present device is highly tolerant to the random variations of the etching depth (±20 nm) and the grating waveguide width (±20 nm) of the LNOI photonic waveguides, showing great potential for high-capacity WDM systems.
Address forms in Tatar spoken in Finland and Estonia
Authors: Sild Orsolya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTatar minorities have lived in Finland and Estonia as a multilingual diaspora for more than a century. This study explores how the different generations of Tatars living in Finland and Estonia perceive polite forms of address, focusing on the choice of informal and formal second-person pronouns and the use of kinship terms. The research material includes 7 h 20 min of semi-structured interviews conducted with nine Tatars from Finland and ten Tatars from Estonia. The results suggest a parallel tendency of variation in the address forms among the Finnish and Estonian Tatar minorities. Specifically, the Tatars in Finland are more likely to usesin,the second-person singular form (T-form), than the Estonian Tatars. This is similar to Finnish, where the T-form is more extensively used than in Estonian and Russian, which are the main contact languages of Tatar in Estonia. The results also propose that Finnish and Estonian Tatar diaspora members use kinship terms less as a polite form of address and accept being addressed by their first name. However, in standard Tatar, it is perceived to be impolite to address the interlocutor by only their first name without a kinship term or title. Many of the participants were also aware of these pluriareal differences in the use of T-forms and the use ofSez, the second-person plural form (V-form), and kinship terms in Tatar, suggesting the existence of meta-linguistic awareness among Tatar speakers in terms of polite language use.
Fixed point results in generalized suprametric spaces
Authors: Berzig Maher 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We introduce the concept of generalized suprametric spaces, which subsumes some existing abstract metric spaces. Then, we show the existence of fixed points for maps satisfying nonlinear contractions involving either extended comparison or

ρ

\rho

-subhomogeneous functions. This study was carried out in generalized suprametric spaces as well as partially ordered generalized suprametric spaces. Some related results in JS-metric spaces and in

b

b

-suprametric spaces are improved or extended.
Myeloarchitectonic maps of the human cerebral cortex registered to surface and sections of a standard atlas brain
Authors: Mai Juergen K. , Majtanik Milan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractC. and O. Vogt had set up a research program with the aim of establishing a detailed cartography of the medullary fiber distribution of the human brain. As part of this program, around 200 cortical fields were differentiated based on their myeloarchitectural characteristics and mapped with regard to their exact location in the isocortex. The typical features were graphically documented and classified by a sophisticated linguistic coding. Their results have only recently received adequate attention and applications. The reasons for the revival of this spectrum of their research include interest in the myeloarchitecture of the cortex as a differentiating feature of the cortex architecture and function, as well as the importance for advanced imaging methodologies, particularly tractography and molecular imaging. Here, we describe our approach to exploit the original work of the Vogts and their co-workers to construct a myeloarchitectonic map that is referenced to the Atlas of the Human Brain (AHB) in standard space. We developed a semi-automatic pipeline for processing and integrating the various original maps into a single coherent map. To optimize the precision of the registration between the published maps and the AHB, we augmented the maps with topographic landmarks of the brains that were originally analyzed. Registration of all maps into the AHB opened several possibilities. First, for the majority of the fields, multiple maps from different authors are available, which allows for sophisticated statistical integration, for example, unification with a label-fusion technique. Second, each field in the myeloarchitectonic surface map can be visualized on the myelin-stained cross-section of the AHB at the best possible correspondence. The features of each field can be correlated with the fiber-stained cross-sections in the AHB and with the extensive published materials from the Vogt school and, if necessary, corrected. Third, mapping to the AHB allows the relationship between fiber characteristics of the cortex and the subcortex to be examined. Fourth, the cytoarchitectonic maps from Brodmann and von Economo and Koskinas, which are also registered to the AHB, can be compared. This option allows the study of the correspondence between cyto- and myeloarchitecture in each field. Finally, by using our “stripe” technology – where any other feature registered to the same space can be directly compared owing to the linear and parallel representation of the correlated cortex segments – this map becomes part of a multidimensional co-registration platform.
Harnessing Deep Learning in Computer Vision for Effective Face Mask Detection in the Global COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Regone Wiliam , Henrique de Oliveira Luciel 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aims to explore the use of deep learning algorithms in computer vision to address the effective detection of face mask use in the global COVID-19 crisis.
Results: Deep learning techniques enable the execution of tasks by computers and smart devices without human intervention, including image identification and predictions. Its applications have demonstrated significant advances in several areas, particularly in engineering and health research. The study highlights that computer vision scientists can contribute to the prevention, control and management of the fight against COVID-19 and other airborne viruses. Computer vision employs algorithmic tools to process images, perform associations and transmit relevant information.
Implications for Research, Practice and Social: Construction of a deep learning model using a dataset of people with and without face masks. The developed model, implemented in Python with the help of OpenCV, Keras and TensorFlow libraries, presented highly promising results, reaching an accuracy of 99% in predictions in test images.
Originality/Value: This study highlights the originality and value of deep learning techniques in computer vision as an effective means of tackling virus-borne pandemics such as COVID-19, and contributing to a preventive, efficient and cost-effective approach to use of face masks.
Keywords: Computer vision; Convolutional Neural Network; Face mask.
Gastric resection in emergency surgery
Authors: Gadzhiev K. N. , Mustafin R. D. , Antonyan S. V. , Molchanova Yu. R. , Malafeev I. A. , Antonyan А. A. 
Published: December 2023

The success of the therapeutic treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers has also changed the attitude of surgeons to the complications of peptic ulcer. Currently, the main aim of the surgeon is to eliminate the life-threatening consequences of perforation or bleeding. In addition, methods of intraluminal endoscopy continue to develop vigorously, in some cases competing with both open and laparoscopic surgeries for perforated ulcers, and endoscopic and endovascular hemostasis is increasingly used for ulcer bleeding.Purpose. To analyze the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of complicated gastric and duodenal ulcers and to evaluate the place of gastric resection in emergency surgery.Results. The paper analyzes the results of resection and organ-preserving gastric surgeries in perforated and bleeding ulcers using modern instruments that improve the results of the operation. As a reserve for improving the results of this intervention, one should consider performing optimal mobilization and a full revision of the ulcer defect zone, and, of course, involving a more experienced surgeon.
Способствует ли электронное участие повышению качества предоставления общественных благ на муниципальном уровне? На примере ремонта дорог
Authors: Аркатов Дмитрий Александрович 
Published: December 2023

Какое влияние оказывает электронное гражданское участие на государственное управление? В современной литературе по гражданскому участию существуют две основные теоретические предпосылки о направленности такого воздействия. Одни исследователи и практики утверждают, что демократический и бюрократический процессы сами по себе не являются совместимыми и потому граждане, привлеченные к созданию и имплементации политик, будут только мешать, растрачивая драгоценные бюджетные ресурсы.
Другая же перспектива говорит нам о том, что знания и умения граждан зачастую оказываются очень полезными для избранных и назначенных управленцев. Гражданское участие, по их мнению, помогает устранить асимметрию информации и нехватку компетенций, приводя к повышению качества благ и исходов политических курсов.
В литературе по непосредственно электронному участию данному вопросу уделяется мало значения, а исследователи предпочитают фокусироваться на анализе институционального доверия и практиках вовлечения.
В России активно развиваются площадки электронного участия и одними из самых распространенных являются порталы сообщения о проблемах. С их помощью можно рассказать о практически любой проблеме благоустройства для ее скорого разрешения. В данном исследовании предпринимается попытка протестировать предположения о влиянии гражданского участия на качество управления и предоставления благ через анализ данных порталов. Используя квазиэкспериментальную стратегию с зависимой переменной в виде качества муниципальных автодорог, мы установили, что порталы сообщения о проблемах оказывают идентифицируемый положительный эффект, помогая поддержать или улучшить их состояние. Сам эффект накапливается со временем экспозиции к инновации и является постоянным.
CRYPTOCURRENCY BITCOIN AS A SUBSTITUTION FOR TRADITIONAL MONEY
Authors: Засимов Д.И. 
Published: December 2023

В данной статье рассмотрена криптовалюта биткоин как возможная альтернатива традиционным валютам, таким как как рубль, доллар, евро. Описана система «блокчейн» и дан ответ на вопрос об идеальной бухгалтерии. Показано, что биткоин представляет собой значимый финансовый инструмент, который обладает множеством преимуществ перед традиционными фиатными деньгами. Тем не менее необходимо помнить о недостатках биткоина. В настоящее время биткоин не сможет заменить фиатные деньги для государств и стать полноценным заменителем для традиционных валют, поскольку необходимо решить еще множество технических и организационных проблем.
This article considers Bitcoin cryptocurrency as a possible alternative to traditional currencies such as ruble, dollar, euro. The “blockchain” system is described and the question of ideal accounting is answered. It is shown that Bitcoin is a significant financial instrument which has many advantages over traditional fiat money. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the shortcomings of Bitcoin. Currently, Bitcoin will not be able to replace fiat money for states and become a full substitute for traditional currencies, as many technical and organizational problems still need to be solved.
TRENDS OF MODERN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE RAILWAY INDUSTRY MARKET
Authors: Мартынов С.А. , Регент Т.М. 
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируются современные тенденции спроса на отраслевом рынке железнодорожных грузовых перевозок. Проведенный анализ показал, что тенденции потребительского поведения на отраслевом рынке железнодорожного транспорта обусловлены влиянием таких факторов, как технологическое развитие, глобализация и влияние внешнеполитической ситуации на транспортные потоки, кризисные явления в финансово-экономической сфере. Потребительское поведение на отраслевом рынке железнодорожного транспорта сегодня характеризуется прежде всего перераспределением логистических потоков, усилением спроса на дальние направления перевозок в сторону границы с Китаем и почти полным отсутствием спроса на европейском направлении в силу особенностей внешнеполитической обстановки. Также отмечается перераспределение объемов грузоперевозок с железнодорожного транспорта на автомобильный, несмотря на опережающий рост тарифов. Потребительское поведение на отраслевом рынке железнодорожного транспорта характеризуется ростом зависимости спроса на грузовые перевозки железнодорожным транспортом от технологического оснащения подвижного состава и уровня цифровизации управления процессом грузовой перевозки в части предоставления информации о местонахождении груза, его состоянии и пр.
The article analyzes the current trends in demand in the industry market of rail freight transportation. The analysis has shown that the trends in consumer behavior in the railway industry market are influenced by such factors as technological development, globalization and the impact of the foreign policy situation on transport flows, crisis phenomena in the financial and economic sphere. Consumer behavior in the railway industry market is characterized, first of all, by the redistribution of logistics flows in the direction of increasing demand for long-distance transportation routes towards the border with China and an almost complete lack of demand in the European direction due to the peculiarities of the foreign policy situation. There is also a redistribution of freight traffic volumes from rail to road, despite the outstripping growth of tariff s. Consumer behavior in the railway transport industry market is characterized by an increase in the dependence of demand for freight transportation by rail on the technological equipment of rolling stock and the level of digitalization of cargo transportation process management in terms of providing information about the location of cargo, its condition, etc.
THE SUBJECT AND THE SUBJECTIVE SIDE IN CRIMES WITH ADMINISTRATIVE PREJUDICE
Authors: Лактюхин А.О. 
Published: December 2023

При квалификации многих преступлений не последнее место занимает сам субъект. Предметом настоящего исследования стали особенности закрепления признака специального субъекта в уголовно-правовых нормах с административной преюдицией. Данные деяния предполагают наступление уголовно-правовых последствий только в том случае, если лицо, их совершившее, обладает особыми чертами. Однако в современном уголовно-правовом регулировании норм с административной преюдицией основная проблема заключается в отсутствии единого порядка изложения признака специального субъекта как в самом законе, так и в правоприменительной деятельности. В связи с этим целью работы стало установление ключевых черт субъекта данной группы преступлений и предложение единого порядка его закрепления в исследуемых нормах.
In the qualification of many crimes, not the last place is occupied by the subject himself. The subject of this study is the peculiarities of fixing the sign of a special subject in criminal law norms with administrative prejudice. These acts presuppose the onset of criminal consequences only if the person who committed them has special features. However, in the modern criminal law regulation of norms with administrative prejudice, the main problem lies in the absence of single order of presentation of the sign of a special subject both in the law itself and in law enforcement activities. In this regard, the aim of the work was to develop proposals to establish the key features of the subject of this group of crimes and to determine a single procedure for its consolidation in the norms under study.
Monte Carlo Simulation and N-XCOM Software Calculation of the Neutron Shielding Parameters for the NCRP Report 144 Recommended Conventional Concretes
Authors: Makkiabadi Nahid , Ghiasi Hosein 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Radiation shielding requires deep knowledge about the shielding materials properties. Additionally, the interaction between the radiation and materials should be well understood.
Materials and Methods: Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, NXCOM, and WinXCOM computational programs were utilized for the concrete shielding properties against 1.5 MeV neutron beam and 137Cs emitted γ-ray. In a simulated “good geometry” using MCNP5 MC code, NXCOM and WinXCOM, radiation attenuation factor (µ), microscopic neutron removal cross-section ( Half and Tenth Value Layers (HVL and TVL) of the studied concretes were derived. Obtained results by the methods were compared and discussed.
Results: For 137Cs emitted γ-ray, mass attenuation factor (µ/ρ) obtained as 0.026 cm2/g, 0.025 cm2/g, and 0.025 cm2/g for the Serpentine concrete as the minimum factors by MCNP5 code, WinXCOM and NXCOM software, respectively. Good agreement was seen in the results derived by the use of the applied calculation methods. Maximum values for the µ/ρ were calculated as 0.03 cm2/g, 0.029 cm2/g and 0.029 cm2/g by MCNP5 code, WinXCOM and NXCOM, respectively. For the neutron attenuation factor, calculations were conducted for the concretes and the highest and lowest ΣR/ρ were derived for Serpentine and Ordinary concretes. MCNP5 MC code was calculated ΣR/ρ for the Serpentine and Ordinary concretes as 0.039 cm2/g and 0.030 cm2/g, respectively. ΣR/ρ for the Serpentine and Ordinary concretes as 0.039 cm2/g and 0.030 cm2/g, respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the calculated results showed N-XCOM program can be applied for the shielding calculations for the conventional concretes studied in this work.