bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of dexamethasone's effect on morphine consumption after total knee arthroplasty—Subgroup analyses
Authors: Gasbjerg Kasper S. , Lunn Troels H. , Hägi‐Pedersen Daniel , Overgaard Søren , Pedersen Niels A. , Lindholm Peter , Lindberg‐Larsen Martin , Brorson Stig , Schrøder Henrik M. , Thybo Kasper H. , Olsen Markus H. , Mathiesen Ole , Jakobsen Janus C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe DEXamethasone twice for pain treatment after Total Knee Arthroplasty (DEX‐2‐TKA) trial showed that adding one and two doses of 24 mg intravenous dexamethasone to paracetamol, ibuprofen and local infiltration analgesia, reduced morphine consumption (primary outcome) within 48 h after TKA. We aimed to explore the differences in the effect of dexamethasone on morphine consumption in different subgroups. Quantile regression adjusted for site was used to test for significant interaction between the predefined dichotomised subgroups and treatment group. The subgroups were defined based on baseline data: sex (male/female), age (≤65 years/>65 years), American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA)‐score (ASA I + II/III), visual analogue score of preoperative pain at rest (≤30 mm/>30 mm), pain during mobilisation (≤30 mm/>30 mm), type of anaesthesia (spinal anaesthesia/general anaesthesia and spinal converted to general anaesthesia), and prior daily use of analgesics (either paracetamol and/or NSAID/neither). These analyses were supplemented with post hoc multivariate linear regression analyses. Test of interaction comparing sex in the pairwise comparison between DX2 (dexamethasone [24 mg] + dexamethasone [24 mg]) versus placebo (p = .02), showed a larger effect of dexamethasone on morphine consumption in male patients compared to females. Test of interaction comparing age in the pairwise comparison between DX1 (dexamethasone [24 mg] + placebo) versus placebo (p = .04), showed a larger effect of dexamethasone on morphine consumption in younger patients (≤65 years) compared to older. All remaining subgroup analyses showed no evidence of a difference. The supplemental multivariate analyses did not support any significant interaction for sex (p = .256) or age (p = .730) but supported a significant interaction with the type of anaesthesia (p < .001). Our results from the quantile regression analyses indicate that the male sex and younger age (≤65 years) may be associated with a larger analgesic effect of dexamethasone than the effects in other types of patients. However, this is not supported by post‐hoc multivariate linear regression analyses. The two types of analyses both supported a possible interaction with the type of anaesthesia.
Birth characteristics as predictors of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation in newborns to optimise immunisation schedule
Authors: Amodio Emanuele , Pisciotta Vincenzo , Genovese Dario , Vella Giuseppe , Verso Maria Gabriella , Giuffrè Mario , Vitale Francesco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo examine birth characteristics that influence infant respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalisation risk in order to identify risk factors for severe RSV infections.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 460 771 Sicilian children under 6 months old from January 2007 to December 2017. Hospital discharge records were consulted to identify cases and hospitalisations with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 466.11 (RSV bronchiolitis), 480.1 (RSV pneumonia) and 079.6 (RSV). RSV hospitalisation risk was estimated using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsOverall, 2420 (5.25 per 1000 infants) RSV‐related hospitalisations were identified during the study, with girls accounting for 52.8%. RSV hospitalisation risk increased for full‐term, transferred, extreme immature, and preterm neonates with serious issues (aOR 3.25, 95% CI 2.90–3.64; aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.47–2.32; aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.11–2.07; and aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.14–1.90). Compared to children born in June, the risk of RSV hospitalisation was significantly higher in children born in January (aOR 28.09, 95% CI 17.68–48.24) and December (aOR 27.36, 95% CI 17.21–46.99).ConclusionThis study identified birth month and diagnosis‐related groups as key predictors of RSV hospitalisations. This could help manage monoclonal antibody appropriateness criteria.
Articulating forceps in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision: A video comparison with robotic surgery
Authors: Masui Hideyuki , Itatani Yoshiro , Hoshino Nobuaki , Okamura Ryosuke , Nishigori Tatsuto , Hisamori Shigeo , Tsunoda Shigeru , Hida Koya , Obama Kazutaka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionTotal mesorectal excision (TME) is an established standard procedure for rectal surgery; however, it is technically challenging because of the deep and narrow pelvis. Minimally invasive surgeries have gained prominence for TME with favorable outcomes but come with limitations. Laparoscopic surgery often has dexterity restrictions because of the use of straight forceps, whereas robotic surgery is impeded by high costs and extended operative times. Articulating forceps aim to bridge the gap between these methods by offering enhanced dexterity at a lower cost.Patients and Surgical TechniqueThis video study involves two female patients diagnosed with lower rectal cancer. One patient underwent laparoscopic intersphincteric resection (Lap‐ISR) using the ArtiSential articulating forceps (LIVSMED Inc.), and the other underwent robot‐assisted low anterior resection (Rob‐LAR) using the da Vinci Xi System. Both operations involved similar mesorectal dissection steps, except for the anastomosis. The standard port placement was used, and dissection was performed circumferentially down to the perianal region.DiscussionThe ArtiSential demonstrated effectiveness comparable with the da Vinci Xi system in TME surgery, with the potential advantage of improved cost‐effectiveness.
Past meets present: Reviving 80‐year‐old Canadian dried serum from World War II and its significance in advancing modern freeze‐dried plasma for prehospital management of haemorrhage
Authors: Singh Kanwal , Peng Henry T. , Moes Katy , Kretz Colin A. , Beckett Andrew 
Published: January 2024

SummaryDuring World War II, Charles H. Best utilized Charles R. Drew's plasma isolation and drying technique to lead Canada's initiative to provide dried serum as a means of primary resuscitation for British casualties on the frontlines. Serum was likely utilized over plasma for its volume expansion properties without the risk of clotting during prolonged storage. We reconstituted dried serum from 1943 and discovered intact albumin, as well as anti‐thrombin, plasminogen, protein C and protein S activity. Proteomic analysis identified 71 proteins, most prominent being albumin, and positive for hepatitis B by serological testing. Transmission of blood‐borne diseases ended the programme, until modern advances in testing and pathogen reduction revived this technology. We tested the latest iteration of Canadian freeze‐dried plasma (FDP), which was stored for 4 years, and demonstrated that its clotting capacity remained equivalent to fresh frozen plasma. We recommend that FDP is a strong alternative to contemporary prehospital resuscitation fluids (e.g. normal saline/lactated Ringer's) in managing prehospital haemorrhage where whole blood is unavailable.
Network pharmacology analysis and experimental evaluations of YH complex on androgenetic alopecia by regulating the androgenic‐apoptotic axis
Authors: Kim Mi Hye , Yang Woong Mo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCinnamomum cassia and Astragalus membranaceus have been used as traditional medicines as well as functional foods worldwide, but its hair growth properties have been verified yet. This study was designed that possible molecular mechanism of YH complex consisting of C. cassia and A. membranaceus on androgenetic alopecia (AGA) was predicted and investigated in mice. Target genes of C. cassia and A. membranaceus constructed the YH complex network. AGA mice were induced by injection of testosterone and 100 and 150 mg/kg of YH complex were orally administered. From result of network analysis, the possible underlying mechanism of YH complex was closely related with the “regulation of hair cycle” and “apoptosis signaling pathway.” In depilated AGA mice, YH complex markedly promoted hair regrowth. Histological recovery on size and shape of hair follicles was appeared by YH complex administration. The expressions of 5α‐reductase and TGF‐β were significantly decreased in dorsal skin tissues of YH complex‐treated mice. Antiapoptotic Bcl‐2/Bax ratio was upregulated, while caspase activation was downregulated by treatment with YH complex. In summary, YH complex regulated hair development cycle by inhibiting the androgenic‐apoptotic axis in AGA. YH complex would be a potent therapeutic agent for alopecia.
‘They are watching you do everything online’: Children's perceptions of social media surveillance
Authors: Pescott Claire Kathryn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThrough a Foucauldian lens, this qualitative study explored the perspectives and lived conditions of children's experiences of social media surveillance. Sixteen children between the ages of 10 and 11 years old participated in the creative method of collaging with an unstructured interview in four schools in South Wales, UK. Visual combined with verbal analysis found a nuanced picture of how social media surveillance has influenced children's cultural and social practices of their childhood. Despite the challenges of peer and adult control exemplified, children did demonstrate agency within their digital spaces. Policy implications should involve a stronger emphasis on developing children's emotional resilience and discernment surrounding perceived surveillance.
Monitoring data for a new large offshore marine protected area reveals infeasible management objectives
Authors: Morris Corey J. , Nguyen Khanh Q. , Neves Bárbara de Moura , Cote David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPredicting and measuring changes resulting from marine protected areas (MPAs) has posed a challenge for practitioners, partly because ecosystems are complex and can change in unanticipated ways, but also due to MPA characteristics such as design factors, conservation objectives (COs), and monitoring programs, that can leave little chance of meeting stated goals. We consider these design factors for the Laurentian Channel MPA, a large offshore Canadian protected area established to protect against fishing impacts. Specifically, in this study we evaluated (1) whether it is realistic to expect improvements in the MPA for four previously established taxa‐specific COs, and (2) whether existing scientific surveys are capable of detecting changes in these CO taxa even if they occurred. Three CO species were sampled in scientific multispecies research vessel trawl surveys (Black Dogfish, Smooth Skate, and Northern Wolffish) and a fourth CO, sea pen taxa, were enumerated using seafloor imagery. Simulations indicate that trawl surveys have very little chance of detecting change in the abundance of the three fish species examined, while seafloor imagery data had higher statistical power for sea pen taxa. Moreover, we show that expecting change related to the removal of fishing is unrealistic due to the fact that the MPA was established in an area of minimal fishing pressure. While positive change is unlikely to be induced by the MPA, or be detected if they occurred, this MPA could provide conservation benefits if COs and monitoring approaches were realigned to match the unique features of this area that represents largely unimpacted sensitive benthic habitats.
Foramen ovale flap aneurysm in fetuses associated with and without heart defects: Prenatal diagnosis, imaging, in‐utero hemodynamics, pregnancy, and postnatal outcomes
Authors: Karmegaraj Balaganesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIsolated redundant foramen ovale flap aneurysm (RFOA) in the absence of restrictive foramen ovale is believed to be a cause for pseudocoarctation of aorta since the impediment of blood flow to the left heart can be severe, resembling the picture of left ventricular hypoplasia with retrograde aortic flow. The primary objective of the study is to find whether RFOA is always a benign lesion. The main focus of the study is to share my experience in particular on fetuses having redundant foramen ovale flap aneurysm developing into coarctation of aorta and to study the associated factors.MethodsRetrospective study (January 2020 to June 2023). All fetuses with RFOA associated with and without congenital heart defects were included. Fetuses with restrictive foramen ovale and RFOA with single ventricle hearts were excluded. The imaging, in‐utero hemodynamics, pregnancy, and postnatal outcomes with at least 3 months follow‐up were presented.ResultsDuring the study period, a total of 1499 fetal echocardiography were performed. Twenty‐two fetuses with RFOA were included. Fourteen fetuses had isolated RFOA and eight had associated abnormalities [extracardiac (n = 5); intracardiac (n = 2), Both (n = 1)]. Genetic evaluation were performed only in fetuses with associated defects were normal. Postnatally all isolated RFOA fetuses had no aortic arch obstruction. Fetuses with associated aberrant right subclavian artery, isolated left superior vena cava, absent ductus venosus and ventricular septal defects developed aortic arch obstruction after birth. RFOA causes smallish left ventricle in fetuses with tetralogy of Fallot which recovered to normal size postnatally.ConclusionIsolated RFOA can be benign, however, if it is associated with cardiac or extracardiac anomalies predominantly resulted in aortic arch obstruction. Though it is a cause for pseudocoarctation of aorta, through postnatal reassessment of aortic arch is mandatory. Careful search for intracardiac and systemic venous anomalies is recommended. It created confusion regarding adequacy of left ventricle when associated with congenital heart defects.
‘Unpredictable chronic mild stress does not exacerbate memory impairment or altered neuronal and glial plasticity in the hippocampus of middle‐aged vitamin D deficient mice’
Authors: Somelar‐Duracz Kelli , Jürgenson Monika , Viil Janeli , Zharkovsky Alexander , Jaako Külli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health concern, especially in the elderly population. Much remains unknown about the relationship between vitamin D deficiency (VDD), stress‐induced cognitive dysfunctions and depressive‐like behaviour. In this study, 4‐month‐old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed with control or vitamin D free diet for 6 months, followed by unpredictable chronic stress (UCMS) for 8 weeks. VDD induced cognitive impairment and reduced grooming behaviour, but did not induce depressive‐like behaviour. While UCMS in vitamin D sufficient mice induced expected depressive‐like phenotype and impairments in the contextual fear memory, chronic stress did not manifest as an additional risk factor for memory impairments and depressive‐like behaviour in VDD mice. In fact, UCMS restored self‐care behaviour in VDD mice. At the histopathological level, VDD mice exhibited cell loss in the granule cell layer, reduced survival of newly generated cells, accompanied with an increased number of apoptotic cells and alterations in glial morphology in the hippocampus; however, these effects were not exacerbated by UCMS. Interestingly, UCMS reversed VDD induced loss of microglial cells. Moreover, tyrosine hydroxylase levels decreased in the striatum of VDD mice, but not in stressed VDD mice. These findings indicate that long‐term VDD in adulthood impairs cognition but does not augment behavioural response to UCMS in middle‐aged mice. While VDD caused cell loss and altered glial response in the DG of the hippocampus, these effects were not exacerbated by UCMS and could contribute to mechanisms regulating altered stress response.
Contractile properties and magnetic resonance imaging‐assessed fat replacement of muscles in myotonia congenita
Authors: Jacobsen Laura Nørager , Stemmerik Mads Godtfeldt , Skriver Sofie Vinther , Pedersen Jonas Jalili , Løkken Nicoline , Vissing John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeMyotonia congenita (MC) is a muscle channelopathy in which pathogenic variants in a key sarcolemmal chloride channel Gene (CLCN1) cause myotonia. This study used muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to quantify contractile properties and fat replacement of muscles in a Danish cohort of MC patients.MethodsIndividuals with the Thomsen (dominant) and Becker (recessive) variants of MC were studied. Isometric muscle strength, whole‐body MRI, and clinical data were collected. The degree of muscle fat replacement of thigh, calf, and forearm muscles was quantitively calculated on Dixon MRI as fat fractions (FFs). Contractility was evaluated as the muscle strength per contractile muscle cross‐sectional area (PT/CCSA). Muscle contractility was compared with clinical data.ResultsIntramuscular FF was increased and contractility reduced in calf and in forearm muscles compared with controls (FF = 7.0–14.3% vs. 5.3–9.6%, PT/CCSA = 1.1–4.9 Nm/cm2 vs. 1.9–5.8 Nm/cm2 [p < 0.05]). Becker individuals also showed increased intramuscular FF and reduced contractility of thigh muscles (FF = 11.9% vs. 9.2%, PT/CCSA = 1.9 Nm/cm2 vs. 3.2 Nm/cm2 [p < 0.05]). Individual muscle analysis showed that increased FF was limited to seven of 18 examined muscles (p < 0.05). There was a weak correlation between reduced contractility and severity of symptoms.ConclusionsIndividuals with MC have increased fat replacement and reduced contractile properties of muscles. Nonetheless, changes were small and likely did not impact clinically on their myotonic symptoms.
Stallion semen cryopreservation: Frozen semen preparation, handling and breeding
Authors: Pasch Lauren 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe use of cryopreserved stallion semen is a significant aspect of equine reproduction, despite the tendency for lower per cycle pregnancy rates than cooled or fresh semen. This decreased fertility of thawed frozen semen is due in part to the innate subfertility of the chosen male breeding population, but also to the direct insults to the sperm cell during the freezing and subsequent thawing process. The mare aspect of frozen semen breeding is intensively managed to compensate for the aforementioned damages, and acceptable pregnancy rates can be achieved. Here we describe the stallion semen cryopreservation process including semen collection, expected causes of damage in processing, freezing and thawing, mare management and future directions.
Cover Image
Authors: Ronquillo Janet , Nguyen Michael T. , Rothi Linnea Y. , Bui‐Tu Trung‐Dan , Yang Jocelyn , Halladay Lindsay R. 
Published: January 2024

The cover image is based on the Original Article Nature and nurture: Comparing mouse behavior in classic versus revised anxiety‐like and social behavioral assays in genetically or environmentally defined groups by Janet Ronquillo et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/gbb.12869.
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Roles of support NGOs for migration between the Philippines and Japan: Focusing on the experiences of migrant women and Japanese–Filipino Children
Authors: Ogaya Chiho , Ono Sera , Hara Megumi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver the last 3 decades, the emergence of Japanese–Filipino children, born from the presence of female entertainers holding the “entertainer” residency status, has profoundly shaped the dynamic movement of individuals between Japan and the Philippines. These distinctive migration patterns have been regarded as noteworthy “social issues” within both Japanese and Philippine contexts. This study aims to illuminate the multifaceted roles assumed by support organizations in addressing this phenomenon. This article draws from collaborative research conducted with three prominent organizations primarily located in the Philippines, dedicated to providing assistance and empowerment to Japanese–Filipino children and their mothers. This paper delves into the diverse functions that support organizations undertake within the context of migration between these two countries. In summary, this paper discerns several key roles that support organizations have undertaken in the migration between Japan and the Philippines. First, these NGOs contribute to shaping the discourse surrounding the challenges associated with entertainers and Japanese–Filipino children, thus influencing perceptions of these issues. Second, these support organizations serve as transformative spaces for former entertainer women returning to their home countries, aiding them and their offspring in undergoing identity shifts and personal growth. Finally, while these organizations strive to combat human trafficking and exploitative migration, unintended consequences have led to the direct and/or indirect mediation of the younger generation's movement to Japan. In essence, this research underscores the intricate roles that support organizations play in mediating the intricate web of migration dynamics between Japan and the Philippines.
Earlier diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in primary care: A call to action
Authors: Gad Hoda , Kalra Sanjay , Pinzon Rizaldy , Garcia Rey‐an Nino , Yotsombut Kitiyot , Coetzee Ankia , Nafach Jalal , Lim Lee‐Ling , Fletcher Pablo E. , Lim Vivien , Malik Rayaz A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy (PN) often remains undiagnosed (~80%). Earlier diagnosis of PN may reduce morbidity and enable earlier risk factor reduction to limit disease progression. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common PN and the 10 g monofilament is endorsed as an inexpensive and easily performed test for DPN. However, it only detects patients with advanced neuropathy at high risk of foot ulceration. There are many validated questionnaires to diagnose PN, but they can be time‐consuming and have complex scoring systems. Primary care physicians (PCPs) have busy clinics and lack access to a readily available screening method to diagnose PN. They would prefer a short, simple, and accurate tool to screen for PN. Involving the patient in the screening process would not only reduce the time a physician requires to make a diagnosis but would also empower the patient. Following an expert meeting of diabetologists and neurologists from the Middle East, South East Asia and Latin America, a consensus was formulated to help improve the diagnosis of PN in primary care using a simple tool for patients to screen themselves for PN followed by a consultation with the physician to confirm the diagnosis.