bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical validation of the “Straight-Leg-Evaluation-Trauma-Test” (SILENT) as a rapid assessment tool for injuries of the lower extremity in trauma bay patients
Authors: Berk Till , Neuhaus Valentin , Nierlich Catalina , Balogh Zsolt J. , Klingebiel Felix Karl-Ludwig , Kalbas Yannik , Pape Hans-Christoph , Halvachizadeh Sascha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Clinical assessment of the major trauma patient follows international validated guidelines without standardized trauma-specific assessment of the lower extremities for injuries. This study aimed to validate a novel clinical test for lower extremity evaluation during trauma resuscitation phase.

Methods
This diagnostic, prognostic observational cohort study was performed on trauma patient treated at one level I trauma center between Mar 2022 and Mar 2023. The Straight-Leg-Evaluation-Trauma (SILENT) test follows three steps during the primary survey: inspection for obvious fractures (e.g., open fracture), active elevation of the leg, and cautious elevation of the lower extremity from the heel. SILENT was considered positive when obvious fracture was present and painful or pathological mobility was observed. The SILENT test was compared with standardized radiographs (CT scan or X-ray) as the reference test for fractures. Statistical analysis included sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic testing.

Results
403 trauma bay patients were included, mean age 51.6 (SD 21.2) years with 83 fractures of the lower extremity and 27 pelvic/acetabular fractures. Overall sensitivity was 75% (95%CI 64 to 84%), and overall specificity was 99% (95%CI 97 to 100%). Highest sensitivity was for detection of tibia fractures (93%, 95%CI 77 to 99%). Sensitivity of SILENT was higher in the unconscious patient (96%, 95%CI 78 to 100%) with a near 100% specificity. AUC was highest for tibia fractures (0.96, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.0) followed by femur fractures (0.92, 95%CI 0.84 to 0.99).

Conclusion
The SILENT test is a clinical applicable and feasible rule-out test for relevant injuries of the lower extremity. A negative SILENT test of the femur or the tibia might reduce the requirement of additional radiological imaging. Further large-scale prospective studies might be required to corroborate the beneficial effects of the SILENT test.
Wirksamkeit in Deutschland verfügbarer internetbasierter Interventionen für Depressionen – ein systematisches Review mit Metaanalyse
Authors: Haaf Raoul , Vock Pia , Wächtershäuser Nikolaj , Correll Christoph U. , Köhler Stephan , Klein Jan Philipp 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Internetbasierte Interventionen (IBIs) zur Behandlung von Depressionen zeigen in internationalen Metaanalysen positive Effekte. Es ist jedoch unklar, ob diese Effekte sich auch auf die in Deutschland verfügbaren IBIs erstrecken. Ziel dieser Metaanalyse war es, die unmittelbaren Effekte und die Langzeiteffekte der in Deutschland frei oder als sog. digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) auf Rezept verfügbaren IBIs abzuschätzen und die Wirkstärke von DiGA und frei verfügbaren IBIs zu vergleichen.

Methode
Es erfolgte eine systematische Literaturrecherche und Random-effects-Metaanalyse (Präregistrierung: INPLASY202250070). Berücksichtigt wurden RCTs von in Deutschland frei verfügbaren oder als DiGA erhältlichen IBIs an Erwachsenen mit erhöhter depressiver Symptomatik im Vergleich zu aktiven und inaktiven Kontrollen zum Erhebungszeitpunkt im Mai 2022.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden sechs Interventionen identifiziert: COGITO, deprexis, iFightDepression, moodgym, Novego und Selfapy. Die gepoolte Effektstärke von insgesamt 28 Studien mit 13.413 Teilnehmer*innen entsprach einem Effekt von Cohen’s d = 0,42, (95 %-Konfidenzintervall[KI]: [0,31; 0,54], I2 = 81 %). Die Analyse der Langzeiteffekte zeigte eine geringere Effektstärke von d = 0,29, (95 %-KI: [0,21; 0,37], I2 = 22 %, n = 10). Subgruppenanalysen deuteten auf eine mögliche Überlegenheit der drei im DiGA-Verzeichnis gelisteten Interventionen (d = 0,56, 95 %-KI: [0,38; 0,74], I2 = 83 %, n = 15) im Vergleich zu den drei frei verfügbaren Interventionen (d = 0,24, 95 %-KI: [0,14; 0,33], I2 = 44 %, n = 13) hin (p = 0,002).

Schlussfolgerung
Die in Deutschland verfügbaren IBIs für depressive Störungen sind wirksam und können daher in der therapeutischen Versorgung von Menschen mit depressiven Störungen eingesetzt werden. Möglicherweise sind nicht alle Interventionen gleich gut wirksam.
Management of mixed urinary incontinence: IUGA committee opinion
Authors: Jha Swati , Jeppson Peter C. , Dokmeci Fulya , Marquini Gisele V. , Sartori Marair G. F. , Moalli Pamela , Malik Shazia A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) is defined by the International Urogynecology Association (IUGA) and International Continence Society as the complaint of involuntary leakage of urine associated with urgency and also with exertion, effort, sneezing or coughing. It therefore implies the coexistence of both stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urgency urinary incontinence (UUI). MUI is a heterogeneous diagnosis that requires an assessment of its individual components of SUI and UUI. Management requires an individualised approach to the symptom components. The aim of this review is to identify the assessment/investigations and management options for MUI.

Methods
A working subcommittee from the IUGA Research & Development (R&D) Committee was created and volunteers invited from the IUGA membership. A literature review was performed to provide guidance focused on the recommended assessment and management of MUI. The document was then evaluated by the entire IUGA R&D Committee and IUGA Board of Directors and revisions made. The final document represents the IUGA R&D Committee Opinion.

Results
The R&D Committee MUI opinion paper provides guidance on the assessment and management of women with MUI and summarises the evidence-based recommendations.

Conclusions
Mixed urinary incontinence is a complex problem and successful management requires alleviation of both the stress and urge components. Care should be individualised based on patient preferences. Further research is needed to guide patients in setting goals and to determine which component of MUI to treat first. The evidence for many of the surgical/procedural treatment options for MUI are limited and needs to be explored in more detail.
An automated group-housed oral fentanyl self-administration method in mice
Authors: Peretz-Rivlin Noa , Marsh-Yvgi Idit , Fatal Yonatan , Terem Anna , Turm Hagit , Shaham Yavin , Citri Ami 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rationale and objectives
Social factors play a critical role in human drug addiction, and humans often consume drugs together with their peers. In contrast, in traditional animal models of addiction, rodents consume or self-administer the drug in their homecage or operant self-administration chambers while isolated from their peers. Here, we describe HOMECAGE (“Home-cage Observation and Measurement for Experimental Control and Analysis in a Group-housed Environment”), a translationally relevant method for studying oral opioid self-administration in mice. This setting reduces experimental confounds introduced by social isolation or interaction with the experimenter.

Methods
We have developed HOMECAGE, a method in which mice are group-housed and individually monitored for their consumption of a drug vs. a reference liquid.

Results
Mice in HOMECAGE preserve naturalistic aspects of behavior, including social interactions and circadian activity. The mice showed a preference for fentanyl and escalated their fentanyl intake over time. Mice preferred to consume fentanyl in bouts during the dark cycle. Mice entrained to the reinforcement schedule of the task, optimizing their pokes to obtain fentanyl rewards, and maintained responding for fentanyl under a progressive ratio schedule. HOMECAGE also enabled the detection of cage-specific and individual-specific behavior patterns and allowed the identification of differences in fentanyl consumption between co-housed control and experimental mice.

Conclusions
HOMECAGE serves as a valuable procedure for translationally relevant studies on oral opioid intake under conditions that more closely mimic the human condition. The method enables naturalistic investigation of factors contributing to opioid addiction-related behaviors and can be used to identify novel treatments.
On-column refolding and off-column assembly of parvovirus B19 virus-like particles from bacteria-expressed protein
Authors: Sánchez-Moguel Ignacio , Coffeen Carlos Francisco , Bustos-Jaimes Ismael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are nanometric structures composed of structural components of virions, keeping most of the cellular recognition and internalization properties, but are non-infective as they are deprived of their genetic material. VLPs have been a versatile platform for developing vaccines by carrying their own or heterologous antigenic epitopes. Moreover, VLPs can also be used as nanovessels for encapsulating molecules with therapeutic applications, like enzymes, nucleic acids, and drugs. Parvovirus B19 (B19V) VLPs can be self-assembled in vitro from the denatured major viral particle protein VP2 by equilibrium dialysis. Despite its fair productivity, this process is currently a time-consuming task. Affinity chromatography is used as an efficient step for concentration and purification, but it is only sometimes seen as a method that facilitates the oligomerization of proteins. In this research, we report a novel approach for the in vitro assembly of B19V VLPs through the immobilization of the denatured VP2 into an immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) column, followed by the on-column folding and the final VLP assembly upon protein elution. This method is suitable for the fast production of B19V VLPs.

Key points
• Biotechnological applications for inclusion bodies
• Efficient single-step purification and immobilization strategies
• Rapid VLP assembly strategy

Graphical abstract
Downward myocardial creep during stress PET imaging is inversely associated with mortality
Authors: Kuronuma Keiichiro , Miller Robert J.H. , Wei Chih-Chun , Singh Ananya , Lemley Mark H. , Van Kriekinge Serge D. , Kavanagh Paul B. , Gransar Heidi , Han Donghee , Hayes Sean W. , Thomson Louise , Dey Damini , Friedman John D. , Berman Daniel S. , Slomka Piotr J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The myocardial creep is a phenomenon in which the heart moves from its original position during stress-dynamic PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) that can confound myocardial blood flow measurements. Therefore, myocardial motion correction is important to obtain reliable myocardial flow quantification. However, the clinical importance of the magnitude of myocardial creep has not been explored. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of myocardial creep quantified by an automated motion correction algorithm beyond traditional PET-MPI imaging variables.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing regadenoson rest-stress [82Rb]Cl PET-MPI were included. A newly developed 3D motion correction algorithm quantified myocardial creep, the maximum motion at stress during the first pass (60 s), in each direction. All-cause mortality (ACM) served as the primary endpoint.

Results
A total of 4,276 patients (median age 71 years; 60% male) were analyzed, and 1,007 ACM events were documented during a 5-year median follow-up. Processing time for automatic motion correction was < 12 s per patient. Myocardial creep in the superior to inferior (downward) direction was greater than the other directions (median, 4.2 mm vs. 1.3–1.7 mm). Annual mortality rates adjusted for age and sex were reduced with a larger downward creep, with a 4.2-fold ratio between the first (0 mm motion) and 10th decile (11 mm motion) (mortality, 7.9% vs. 1.9%/year). Downward creep was associated with lower ACM after full adjustment for clinical and imaging parameters (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.93; 95%CI, 0.91–0.95; p < 0.001). Adding downward creep to the standard PET-MPI imaging model significantly improved ACM prediction (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.790 vs. 0.775; p < 0.001), but other directions did not (p > 0.5).

Conclusions
Downward myocardial creep during regadenoson stress carries additional information for the prediction of ACM beyond conventional flow and perfusion PET-MPI. This novel imaging biomarker is quantified automatically and rapidly from stress dynamic PET-MPI.
Stellenwert der Fluoreszenzangiographie zur Differenzierung zwischen einer frühen Stauungspapille und einer Papillitis
Authors: Tarhan Melih , Halfwassen Christian , Meller Daniel , Bechrakis Nikolaos E. , Rahal Ahmad 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Papillenschwellung stellt eine diagnostische Herausforderung aufgrund der multiplen ursächlichen Pathologien dar. In dieser Arbeit wurde bei Papillenschwellung zur Abgrenzung einer Stauungspapille (STP) von einer Papillitis die Fluoreszenzangiographie (FLA) in Kombination mit der optischen Kohärenztomographie (OCT) als diagnostisches Mittel untersucht.

Material und Methoden
Eingeschlossen wurden 12 Patienten, bei denen sowohl eine FLA als auch OCT der Papille zur Abklärung einer Papillenschwellung bei einer STP (7 Patienten, 14 Augen) und bei einer Papillitis (5 Patienten, 7 Augen) durchgeführt wurde. Dabei wurde das Fluoreszenzverhalten der Papille in der Spätphase der FLA in Abhängigkeit von der maximalen papillären Dicke in der OCT untersucht.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
In der Gruppe der STP zeigte sich in der OCT eine mittlere papilläre Dicke von 873 µm. Bei 6 Patienten fiel in der FLA eine ringförmige papilläre Hyperfluoreszenz auf. Diese Patienten wiesen eine Papillendicke von 611–972 µm auf. Ein weiterer Patient mit chronischer und ausgeprägter STP präsentierte in der FLA eine bilaterale panpapilläre Leckage und eine Papillendicke von 1287 µm (rechtes Auge) bzw. 1526 µm (linkes Auge). In der Gruppe der Papillitis zeigte sich in allen Fällen eine panpapilläre Leckage der FLA. Die mittlere papilläre Dicke betrug 865 µm (Spannbreite 632–1195 µm).

Schlussfolgerung
Bei akuten Befunden und einer Papillendicke von unter 1000 µm in der OCT war ein Unterschied in der FLA bei der STP im Vergleich zur Papillitis zu erkennen. Während die akute milde STP eine ringförmige papilläre Hyperfluoreszenz aufwies, kam es bei der Papillitis zu einer panpapillären Leckage in der Spätphase der FLA in den untersuchten Fällen. Dieser Unterschied war bei einer STP mit ausgeprägter Papillenschwellung und chronischem Befund nicht vorhanden.
Consistent social ranking solutions
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Horita Masahide 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe performance of coalitions is an important measure for evaluating individuals. Sport players, researchers, and firm workers are often judged with their team performances. The social ranking solution (SRS) is a function that maps the ranking on the set of all feasible coalitions (the domain of coalitions) into the ranking of individuals. Importing the axiom of consistency from voting theory, we study consistent SRSs under the variable domains of coalitions. We suppose that there are several domains of coalitions (e.g., a set of research teams made up of only young researchers and a set of research teams including senior researchers), and the individuals are required to be evaluated consistently on each domain of coalition. Such a situation is typical because all the logically possible coalitions are often too huge to deal with. We obtain a new characterization of the lexicographic excellence solution (LES) and its dual (DLES): they are the only SRSs satisfying consistency, neutrality, weak coalitional anonymity, and complete dominance. This characterization is expected to provide a new ground for determining the impacts of individuals based on the lexicographic comparisons of their team performances.
Estimation of ancestry from cranial measurements based on MDCT data acquired in a Japanese and Western Australian population
Authors: Torimitsu Suguru , Nakazawa Akari , Flavel Ambika , Swift Lauren , Makino Yohsuke , Iwase Hirotaro , Franklin Daniel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe estimation of ancestry is important not only towards establishing identity but also as a required precursor to facilitating the accurate estimation of other attributes such as sex, age at death, and stature. The present study aims to analyze morphological variation in the crania of Japanese and Western Australian individuals and test predictive models based on machine learning for their potential forensic application. The Japanese and Western Australian samples comprise computed tomography (CT) scans of 230 (111 female; 119 male) and 225 adult individuals (112 female; 113 male), respectively. A total of 18 measurements were calculated, and machine learning methods (random forest modeling, RFM; support vector machine, SVM) were used to classify ancestry. The two-way unisex model achieved an overall accuracy of 93.2% for RFM and 97.1% for SVM, respectively. The four-way sex and ancestry model demonstrated an overall classification accuracy of 84.0% for RFM and 93.0% for SVM. The sex-specific models were most accurate in the female samples (♀ 95.1% for RFM and 100% for SVM; ♂91.4% for RFM and 97.4% for SVM). Our findings suggest that cranial measurements acquired in CT images can be used to accurately classify Japanese and Western Australian individuals into their respective population. This is the first study to assess the feasibility of ancestry estimation using three-dimensional CT images of the skull.
Reference values for estimated VO2max by two submaximal cycle tests: the Åstrand-test and the Ekblom-Bak test
Authors: Väisänen Daniel , Ekblom Björn , Wallin Peter , Andersson Gunnar , Ekblom-Bak Elin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims
Submaximal tests estimating VO2max have inherent biases; hence, using VO2max estimations from the same test is essential for reducing this bias. This study aimed to establish sex- and age-specific reference values for estimated VO2max using the Åstrand-test (Å-test) and the Ekblom-Bak test (EB-test). We also assessed the effects of age, exercise level, and BMI on VO2max estimations.

Methods
We included men and women (20–69 years) from the Swedish working population participating in Health Profile Assessments between 2010 and 2020. Excluding those on heart rate-affecting medicines and smokers, n = 263,374 for the Å-test and n = 95,043 for the EB-test were included. VO2max reference values were based on percentiles 10, 25, 40, 60, 75, and 90 for both sexes across 5-year age groups.

Results
Estimated absolute and relative VO2max were for men 3.11 L/min and 36.9 mL/min/kg using the Å-test, and 3.58 L/min and 42.4 mL/min/kg using the EB-test. For women, estimated absolute and relative VO2max were 2.48 L/min and 36.6 mL/min/kg using the Å-test, and 2.41 L/min and 35.5 mL/min/kg using the EB-test. Higher age (negative), higher exercise level (positive), and higher BMI (negative) were associated with estimated VO2max using both tests. However, explained variance by exercise on estimated VO2max was low, 10% for the Å-test and 8% for the EB-test, and moderate for BMI, 23% and 29%.

Conclusion
We present reference values for estimated VO2max from two submaximal cycle tests. Age, exercise, and BMI influenced estimated VO2max. These references can be valuable in clinical evaluations using the same submaximal tests.
Zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia in marsupials—an update
Authors: Barbosa Amanda D. , Egan Siobhon , Feng Yaoyu , Xiao Lihua , Balogun Samson , Ryan Una 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMarsupials, inhabiting diverse ecosystems, including urban and peri-urban regions in Australasia and the Americas, intersect with human activities, leading to zoonotic spill-over and anthroponotic spill-back of pathogens, including Cryptosporidium and Giardia. This review assesses the current knowledge on the diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia species in marsupials, focusing on the potential zoonotic risks. Cryptosporidium fayeri and C. macropodum are the dominant species in marsupials, while in possums, the host-specific possum genotype dominates. Of these three species/genotypes, only C. fayeri has been identified in two humans and the zoonotic risk is considered low. Generally, oocyst shedding in marsupials is low, further supporting a low transmission risk. However, there is some evidence of spill-back of C. hominis into kangaroo populations, which requires continued monitoring. Although C. hominis does not appear to be established in small marsupials like possums, comprehensive screening and analysis are essential for a better understanding of the prevalence and potential establishment of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in small marsupials. Both host-specific and zoonotic Giardia species have been identified in marsupials. The dominance of zoonotic G. duodenalis assemblages A and B in marsupials may result from spill-back from livestock and humans and it is not yet understood if these are transient or established infections. Future studies using multilocus typing tools and whole-genome sequencing are required for a better understanding of the zoonotic risk from Giardia infections in marsupials. Moreover, much more extensive screening of a wider range of marsupial species, particularly in peri-urban areas, is required to provide a clearer understanding of the zoonotic risk of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in marsupials.
Bedrock: the hidden water reservoir for trees challenged by drought
Authors: Nardini Andrea , Tomasella Martina , Di Bert Sara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Bedrock can store appreciable amounts of available water, and some trees apparently use this resource to survive drought.

Abstract
Several forest ecosystems rely on only shallow soil layers overlying more or less compact bedrock. In such habitats, the largest water reservoir can be represented by rock moisture, rather than by soil water. Here, we review evidence for the presence of water available for root water uptake in some rock types, and show examples of the physiological and ecological roles of rock moisture, especially when trees are facing drought conditions. The possible magnitude of rock–root water exchanges is discussed in the frame of current knowledge of rock, soil, and root hydraulic properties. We highlight several areas of uncertainty regarding the role of rock moisture in preventing tree hydraulic failure under drought, the exact pathway(s) available for rock–root water exchange, and the relative efficiencies of water transport in the different compartments of the rock–soil–root continuum. Overall, available experimental evidence suggests that bedrock water should be incorporated into any model describing the forest seasonal water use and tree responses to drought.