bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Stapedotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Emami Hamed , Amirzargar Behrooz , Nemati Yasaman , Rahimi Negin 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the outcomes and complications of endoscopic versus microscopic stapes surgery in patients with otosclerosis.Study DesignRandomized, single‐blinded clinical trial.MethodsPatients with otosclerosis who underwent either trans‐canal microscopic or endoscopic stapedotomy at a tertiary care hospital were compared. Thirty‐two patients were randomly divided into two groups using blocked randomization. Group A consisted of 16 patients who underwent trans‐canal microscopic stapedotomy, and group B consisted of 16 patients who underwent trans‐canal endoscopic stapedotomy. Postoperative vertigo, ear pain, and complications such as tympanic membrane perforation or chorda tympani nerve injury were evaluated. Three months postoperatively, patients were assessed for dysgeusia and hearing improvement.ResultsThe mean pre‐operative air‐bone gap (ABG) in the microscopic and endoscopic groups was 32.81 ± 6.82 and 30.00 ± 7.96, respectively. The mean improvement in the ABG was 25.45 ± 11.21 dB in the microscopic group and 23.21 ± 10.68 dB in the endoscopic group. Although both techniques showed improvement in auditory outcomes (p‐value <0.001), there were no statistical differences between the endoscopic and microscopic groups in the pre‐operative, post‐operative, and mean improvement of ABG (p‐value >0.05). There were no significant differences between the two methods in chorda tympanic nerve injury, vertigo scores, and the mean operating time (p‐value >0.05), but the mean pain score was higher in the microscopic group (2.56 ± 1.55 in the microscopic group versus 1.31 ± 0.70 in the endoscopic group) (p‐value = 0.003).ConclusionsEndoscopic stapes surgery can be a preferable alternative to conventional microscopic stapedotomy, as it yields similar hearing outcomes and lower pain scores.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:2395–2400, 2024
Effects of microtopography shaping on characteristics of eroded sediment particles of a dump slope in an opencast coal mine in China
Authors: Wang Yue , Wang Jinman , Shi Wenting , Li Ziqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe properties of sediment particles are crucial research areas for understanding soil erosion on dump slopes. In this study, the slope of the southern dump of the ATB opencast coal mine in the Pingshuo mining area in Shanxi Province, China, was selected to conduct microtopographical shaping and artificial rainfall simulation experiments. Three different gradients of rainfall intensity, 20, 50, and 80 mm·h−1, were set. The main component of rainwater was water (chemistry H2O) by a rainfall duration of 30 min. A Microtrac S3500 laser particle size analyzer was used to measure the collected erosion sediment particles. This study conducted level benches and fish‐scale pits microtopography shaping on the slope of the waste dump. The dimensions of the level bench design were 1, 2, and 1 m for the step width, for the step length, and between each level bench, respectively. The fish‐scale pits were 60 cm (length), 40 cm (width), and 30 cm (depth). The horizontal and row spacing of each fish‐scale pit was 1 m, and an unshaped terrain was used as the control group. Through dynamic monitoring and statistical analysis of the data, the impacts of rainfall intensity and microtopography shaping mode on the features of the eroded sediment particles were analyzed. Fine silt particles (53%) were lost as a result of the surface erosion of the slope. The mean starting periods of sediment particle loss decreased with the increase in rainfall intensity (589 s > 402 s > 305 s). Additionally, the clay and silt particle enrichment ratios decreased (ER >1), whereas the sand particle enrichment ratios increased (ER <1). The level benches had a stronger interception effect on fine sediment, whereas the fish‐scale pits had a weaker interception effect on sediment particles under heavy rain. The distribution properties of erosion sediment particles on a slope can be assessed using fractal dimension as an index. This study is significant for understanding the erosion mechanism of eroded sediment particles on dump slopes and provides a scientific foundation for soil erosion control on opencast coal mine dump slopes in the Loess Plateau. These results highlight the potential for the level bench to effectively delay the occurrence of runoff and greatly enhance the interception of sediment particles.
Ritual and environmental ineffectiveness: How psychological ownership of community drives environmental behavior
Authors: Tang Yihui (Elina) , Felix Reto , Hinsch Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPsychological ownership has been linked to various environmental behaviors, but extant research has typically examined a specific environmental element (i.e., a lake or national park) instead of abstract entities as the target of this ownership. The current research investigates how psychological ownership of an abstract entity, namely one's community, impacts environmental attitudes and behaviors. Intrigued by previous research showing that consumer concern for the environment does not necessarily translate into pro‐environmental action, we examine the connection between psychological ownership, environmental concern, and environmental behaviors. We propose and find that the perception of environmental ineffectiveness moderates how these variables relate to one another. Counterintuitively, higher levels of perceived environmental ineffectiveness (rather than effectiveness) strengthen the relationships between these variables. We draw on the theory of ritualistic behaviors to explain this phenomenon. Results from three studies using diverse respondents and data gathering approaches reveal a consistent pattern of relationships. Our research makes several important contributions. First, it identifies a quasi‐endowment effect that extends from psychological ownership of community to environmental concern, which subsequently results in the protection of the environment through engagement in environmental behaviors. Second, this research extends the burgeoning psychological literature on rituals to the domain of environmental behaviors. Finally, using the conceptualization of environmental behavior as a ritual, this is the first study to illustrate how perceived consumer ineffectiveness moderates the effect of psychological ownership on environmental behaviors through environmental concern.
Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of coronary microvascular diseases (2023 Edition)
Authors: Chen Wenqiang , Ni Mei , Huang He , Cong Hongliang , Fu Xianghua , Gao Wei , Yang Yuejin , Yu Mengyue , Song Xiantao , Liu Meilin , Yuan Zuyi , Zhang Bo , Wang Zhaohui , Wang Yan , Chen Yundai , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Yun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSince the four working groups of the Chinese Society of Cardiology issued first expert consensus on coronary microvascular diseases (CMVD) in 2017, international consensus documents on CMVD have increased rapidly. Although some of these documents made preliminary recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of CMVD, they did not provide classification of recommendations and levels of evidence. In order to summarize recent progress in the field of CMVD, standardize the methods and procedures of diagnosis and treatment, and identify the scientific questions for future research, the four working groups of the Chinese Society of Cardiology updated the 2017 version of the Chinese expert consensus on CMVD and adopted a series of measures to ensure the quality of this document. The current consensus has raised a new classification of CMVD, summarized new epidemiological findings for different types of CMVD, analyzed key pathological and molecular mechanisms, evaluated classical and novel diagnostic technologies, recommended diagnostic pathways and criteria, and therapeutic strategies and medications, for patients with CMVD. In view of the current progress and knowledge gaps of CMVD, future directions were proposed. It is hoped that this expert consensus will further expedite the research progress of CMVD in both basic and clinical scenarios.
Urolithin A protects severe acute pancreatitis‐associated acute cardiac injury by regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative metabolism in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Yang Yue , Hu Qian , Kang Hongxin , Li Juan , Zhao Xianlin , Zhu Lv , Tang Wenfu , Wan Meihua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSevere acute pancreatitis (SAP) often develops into acute cardiac injury (ACI), contributing to the high mortality of SAP. Urolithin A (UA; 3,8‐dihydroxy‐6H‐dibenzopyran‐6‐one), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been extensively studied and shown to possess significant anti‐inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the specific effects of UA in SAP‐associated acute cardiac injury (SACI) have not been definitively elucidated. Here, we investigated the therapeutic role and mechanisms of UA in SACI using transcriptomics and untargeted metabolomics analyses in a mouse model of SACI and in vitro studies. SACI resulted in severely damaged pancreatic and cardiac tissues with myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial metabolism disorders. UA significantly reduced the levels of lipase, amylase and inflammatory factors, attenuated pathological damage to pancreatic and cardiac tissues, and reduced myocardial cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in SACI. Moreover, UA increased mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate production and restored mitochondrial metabolism, but the efficacy of UA was weakened by the inhibition of CPT1. Therefore, UA can attenuate cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and reduce myocardial apoptosis by restoring the balance of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation metabolism. CPT1 may be a potential target. This study has substantial implications for advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis and drug development of SACI.
IV ketamine infusion therapy for chronic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Olujimi Odutola Peter , Gupta Ruchir 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain exerts a significant physical, emotional, and socioeconomic toll on millions of patients worldwide. Traditional pharmacological interventions are often inadequate in providing lasting and effective pain relief for patients suffering from severe chronic pain. However, in recent years, intravenous ketamine infusion therapy has emerged as a promising and alternative treatment modality. The effectiveness of intravenous ketamine infusion therapy in treating chronic pain has been investigated in various pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and phantom limb pain. However, varied patient demographics, different endpoints for measuring analgesia, and inconsistent numbers of patients in studies have led to conflicting results. The objective of the present inquiry is to undertake a contemporary updated meta‐analysis of the application of IV ketamine infusion therapy in the context of persistent pain.MethodsA search was conducted, adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, to compare the efficacy of IV Ketamine infusion versus control (placebo, midazolam, gabapentin, hydromorphone, and pregabalin) among individuals with chronic pain. During the analysis, Medline, Cochrane, and Embase were thoroughly searched. Two independent investigators identified randomized double‐blind and non‐randomized trials comparing IV Ketamine infusions with controls. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used to scrutinize the data, with the main focus on pain scores. Secondary outcomes such as quality of sleep, as well as side effects such as nausea, hallucinations, and sedation, were also analyzed. Sixteen studies were included involving 1080 patients.ResultsThe pain score was significantly reduced by IV Ketamine (Mean difference −1.05; 95% CI −1.72, −0.39; p = 0.002), while the quality of sleep (Mean difference 0.00; 95% CI −0.12, 0.12; p = 1.00) was not significantly different between studies. Nausea (risk ratio 1.42; 95% CI 0.84, 2.39; p = 0.19), hallucinations (risk ratio 1.08; 95% CI 0.67, 1.76; p = 0.75), and sedation (risk ratio 1.05; 95% CI 0.24, 4.54; p = 0.95) outcomes were not significantly different among the studies.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis indicates that IV Ketamine infusion is efficacious and safe in patients with chronic pain.
On the friction dependency of the stress Lode angle
Authors: Medicus Gertraud , Pouragha Mehdi , Ostermann Alexander , Fellin Wolfgang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe shape of the failure locus of a material is significant for its strength predictions. Even when constitutive models include the same critical stress surface, different critical stress ratios can be predicted for an identical applied isochoric strain path. In this article, we investigate critical stress predictions of different constitutive models, which include the surface according to Matsuoka–Nakai (MN). We perform analytical investigations, true triaxial test simulations with hypoplasticity and barodesy, and discrete element modelling (DEM) simulations to investigate the friction dependency of the stress Lode angle. Our results demonstrate that in hypoplasticity, the direction of the deviatoric stress state at critical state depends solely on the direction of the applied deviatoric strain path. In contrast, in barodesy, the predictions are also dependent on the friction angle of the material. In addition, we compare these results with those obtained with a standard elastoplastic MN model. To validate this friction dependency on the stress Lode angle, we conduct DEM simulations. The DEM results qualitatively support the predictions of barodesy and suggest that a higher friction results in a higher Lode angle at critical stress state.
Repeatability and reproducibility comparisons of liver IVIM imaging with free‐breathing or respiratory‐triggered sequences
Authors: Li Xin‐Ming , Ma Fu‐Zhao , Quan Xian‐Yue , Zhang Xu‐Chang , Xiao Ben‐Heng , Wáng Yì Xiáng J. 
Published: December 2023

For liver intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) data acquisition, respiratory‐triggering (RT) MRI is commonly used, and there are strong motivations to shorten the scan duration. For the same scan duration, more b values or higher numbers of excitations can be allowed for free‐breathing (FB) imaging than for RT. We studied whether FB can be used to replace RT when careful IVIM image acquisition and image processing are conducted. MRI data of 22 healthy participants were acquired using a 3.0 T scanner. Diffusion imaging was based on a single‐shot spin‐echo‐type echo‐planar sequence and 16 b values of 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 46, 60, 72, 100, 150, 200, 400, and 600 s/mm2. Each subject attended two scan sessions with an interval of 10–20 days. For each scan session, a subject was scanned twice, first with RT and then with FB. The mean image acquisition time was 5.4 min for FB and 10.8 min for RT. IVIM parameters were calculated with bi‐exponential model segmented fitting with a threshold b value of 60 s/mm2, and fitting started from b = 2 s/mm2. There was no statistically significant difference between IVIM parameters measured with FB imaging or RT imaging. Perfusion fraction ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient) for FB imaging and RT imaging in the same scan session was 0.824. For perfusion fraction, wSD (within‐subject standard deviation), BA (Bland–Altman) difference, BA 95% limit, and ICC were 0.022, 0.0001, −0.0635~0.0637, and 0.687 for FB and 0.031, 0.0122, −0.0723~0.0967, and 0.611 for RT. For Dslow (×10−3 s/mm2), wSD, BA difference, BA 95% limit, and ICC were 0.057, 0.0268, −0.1258~0.1793, and 0.471 for FB and 0.073, −0.0078, −0.2170–0.2014, and <0.4 for RT. The Dfast coefficient of variation was 0.20 for FB imaging and 0.28 for RT imaging. All reproducibility indicators slightly favored FB imaging.
‘Both assistant and specialist’: Nurse Anaesthetists' experiences of being relocated during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Valeberg Berit Taraldsen , Meland‐Tangen Lindis , Sollie Anne‐Line Kjos , Borgersen Silje Kristine , von Heimburg Lars , Eide Cecilie , Leegaard Marit 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to explore the experiences of nurse anaesthetists being relocated during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignThe study has a qualitative design.MethodsA total of 12 nurse anaesthetists from four different hospitals were included. Data were collected using individual semi‐structured interviews and then analysed using content analysis. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was used.ResultsThe 12 respondents, of whom three were men, were between 46 and 64 years old and had 7 to 30 years of experience as NAs. Two themes emerged in the analysis: (1) ‘Diverse experiences’ with the sub‐themes ‘Preparedness’ and ‘Insecurity’ and (2) ‘Both assistant and specialist’ with the sub‐themes ‘Exhausting’ and ‘Meaningful’.ConclusionThis study shows that the NAs competencies made them prepared to handle many of the situations. They also experienced situations where they were uncomfortable being pressured to take responsibility. They were regarded as a uniform group without considering their prior experiences. Mapping the personnel's former experiences is required to utilize best possible matching of personnel to assignments and create less stress and insecurity among them.
Childhood BMI trajectories predict cardiometabolic risk and perceived stress at age 13 years: the STARS cohort
Authors: Chen Yun , Dangardt Frida , Gelander Lars , Friberg Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine BMI trajectories from birth throughout childhood, associations with health outcomes at age 13 years, and time frames during which early‐life BMI influenced adolescent health.MethodsParticipants (1902, 44% male) reported perceived stress and psychosomatic symptoms and were examined for waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse wave velocity, and white blood cell counts (WBC). BMI trajectory was analyzed using group‐based trajectory modeling of retrospective data of weight/height from birth throughout childhood. The authors performed linear regression to assess associations between BMI trajectories and health outcomes at age 13 years, presented as estimated mean differences with 95% CI among trajectories.ResultsThree BMI trajectories were identified: normal; moderate; and excessive gain. Adjusting for covariates, adolescents with excessive gain had higher WC (19.2 [95% CI: 18.4–20.0] cm), SBP (3.6 [95% CI: 2.4–4.4] mm Hg), WBC (0.7 [95% CI: 0.4–0.9] × 109/L), and stress (1.1 [95% CI: 0.2–1.9]) than adolescents with normal gain. Higher WC (6.4 [95% CI: 5.8–6.9] cm), SBP (1.8 [95% CI: 1.0–2.5] mm Hg), and stress (0.7 [95% CI: 0.1–1.2]) were found in adolescents with moderate versus normal gain. The association of early‐life BMI with SBP started around age 6 years with the excessive gain group, which was earlier than in the normal and moderate gain groups, in which it started at age 12 years.ConclusionsAn excessive gain BMI trajectory from birth predicts cardiometabolic risk and stress in 13‐year‐old individuals.
Extracting forced vital capacity from the electronic health record through natural language processing in rheumatoid arthritis‐associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: England Bryant R. , Roul Punyasha , Yang Yangyuna , Hershberger Daniel , Sayles Harlan , Rojas Jorge , Cannon Grant W. , Sauer Brian C. , Curtis Jeffrey R. , Baker Joshua F. , Mikuls Ted R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a natural language processing (NLP) tool to extract forced vital capacity (FVC) values from electronic health record (EHR) notes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis‐interstitial lung disease (RA‐ILD).MethodsWe selected RA‐ILD patients (n = 7485) in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) between 2000 and 2020 using validated ICD‐9/10 codes. We identified numeric values in proximity to FVC string patterns from clinical notes in the EHR. Subsequently, we performed processing steps to account for variability in note structure, related pulmonary function test (PFT) output, and values copied across notes, then assigned dates from linked administrative procedure records. NLP‐derived FVC values were compared to values recorded directly from PFT equipment available on a subset of patients.ResultsWe identified 5911 FVC values (n = 1844 patients) from PFT equipment and 15 383 values (n = 4982 patients) by NLP. Among 2610 date‐matched FVC values from NLP and PFT equipment, 95.8% of values were within 5% predicted. The mean (SD) difference was 0.09% (5.9), and values strongly correlated (r = 0.94, p < 0.001), with a precision of 0.87 (95% CI 0.86, 0.88). NLP captured more patients with longitudinal FVC values (n = 3069 vs. n = 1164). Mean (SD) change in FVC %‐predicted per year was similar between sources (−1.5 [30.0] NLP vs. −0.9 [16.6] PFT equipment; standardized response mean = 0.05 for both).ConclusionsNLP of EHR notes increases the capture of accurate, longitudinal FVC values by three‐fold over PFT equipment. Use of this NLP tool can facilitate pharmacoepidemiologic research in RA‐ILD and other lung diseases by capturing this critical measure of disease severity.
How Nanoparticle Size and Bubble Merging Is Governed by Short‐Range Spatially Controlled Double‐Beam Laser Ablation in Liquids
Authors: Riahi Farbod , Doñate‐Buendia Carlos , Barcikowski Stephan , Gökce Bilal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPulsed laser ablation in liquid (LAL) is a method for synthesizing nanoparticles with controlled composition and high purity. However, current research predominantly examines isolated cavitation bubbles, overlooking real‐world LAL scenarios where numerous bubbles interact simultaneously. This study addresses this gap by investigating the effects of short‐range micrometric spatially controlled double‐pulse laser ablation in liquids on nanoparticle size distribution. Gold and YAG are used as model materials, and a dimensionless parameter, H*, is introduced to quantify the ratio between double bubble spatial separation and their maximum height. This parameter correlates with cavitation bubble merging time, bubble volume change rate, and subsequent nanoparticle size increase. Shadowgraphs provide valuable insights into bubble contact and fusion dynamics, showcasing phase separation by a thin water film and subsequent merging into a single bubble. Notably, a twofold increase in nanoparticle size is observed for both Au and YAG at H* = 0.25. The research indicates a strong association between nanoparticle size trends and cavitation bubble volume rate change, particularly emphasized at H* = 0.25. Understanding the dynamics of neighboring bubbles during LAL emphasizes the relevance of lateral pulse distances in dual‐beam LAL, impacting particle size distribution in a distance‐dependent manner.