bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MIGHTEE polarization early science fields: the deep polarized sky
Authors: Taylor A R , Sekhar S , Heino L , Scaife A M M , Stil J , Bowles M , Jarvis M , Heywood I , Collier J D 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The MeerKAT International GigaHertz Tiered Extragalactic Exploration (MIGHTEE) is one of the MeerKAT large survey projects, designed to pathfind SKA key science. MIGHTEE is undertaking deep radio imaging of four well-observed fields (COSMOS, XMM-LSS, ELAIS S1, and CDFS) totaling 20 square degrees to μJy sensitivities. Broad-band imaging observations between 880 and1690 MHz yield total intensity continuum, spectro-polarimetry, and atomic hydrogen spectral imaging. Early science data from MIGHTEE are being released from initial observations of COSMOS and XMM–LSS. This paper describes the spectro-polarimetric observations, the polarization data processing of the MIGHTEE early science fields, and presents polarization data images and catalogues. The catalogues include radio spectral index, redshift information, and Faraday rotation measure synthesis results for 13 267 total intensity radio sources down to a polarized intensity detection limit of ∼20 μJy bm−1. Polarized signals were detected from 324 sources. For the polarized detections, we include a catalogue of Faraday Depth from both Faraday Synthesis and Q, U fitting, as well as total intensity and polarization spectral indices. The distribution of redshift of the total radio sources and detected polarized sources are the same, with median redshifts of 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. Depolarization of the emission at longer-wavelengths is seen to increase with decreasing total-intensity spectral index, implying that depolarization is intrinsic to the radio sources. No evidence is seen for a redshift dependence of the variance of Faraday depth.
Optimal 1D Ly α forest power spectrum estimation – III. DESI early data
Authors: Karaçaylı Naim Göksel , Martini Paul , Guy Julien , Ravoux Corentin , Abdul Karim Marie Lynn , Armengaud Eric , Walther Michael , Aguilar J , Ahlen S , Bailey S , Bautista J , Beltran S F , Brooks D , Cabayol-Garcia L , Chabanier S , Chaussidon E , Chaves-Montero J , Dawson K , de la Cruz R , de la Macorra A , Doel P , Font-Ribera A , Forero-Romero J E , Gontcho S Gontcho A , Gonzalez-Morales A X , Gordon C , Herrera-Alcantar H K , Honscheid K , Iršič V , Ishak M , Kehoe R , Kisner T , Kremin A , Landriau M , Le Guillou L , Levi M E , Lukić Z , Meisner A , Miquel R , Moustakas J , Mueller E , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A , Napolitano L , Nie J , Niz G , Palanque-Delabrouille N , Percival W J , Pieri M , Poppett C , Prada F , Pérez-Ràfols I , Ramírez-Pérez C , Rossi G , Sanchez E , Seo H , Sinigaglia F , Tan T , Tarlé G , Wang B , Weaver B A , Yéche C , Zhou Z 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The 1D power spectrum P1D of the Ly α forest provides important information about cosmological and astrophysical parameters, including constraints on warm dark matter models, the sum of the masses of the three neutrino species, and the thermal state of the intergalactic medium. We present the first measurement of P1D with the quadratic maximum likelihood estimator (QMLE) from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey early data sample. This early sample of 54 600 quasars is already comparable in size to the largest previous studies, and we conduct a thorough investigation of numerous instrumental and analysis systematic errors to evaluate their impact on DESI data with QMLE. We demonstrate the excellent performance of the spectroscopic pipeline noise estimation and the impressive accuracy of the spectrograph resolution matrix with 2D image simulations of raw DESI images that we processed with the DESI spectroscopic pipeline. We also study metal line contamination and noise calibration systematics with quasar spectra on the red side of the Ly α emission line. In a companion paper, we present a similar analysis based on the Fast Fourier Transform estimate of the power spectrum. We conclude with a comparison of these two approaches and discuss the key sources of systematic error that we need to address with the upcoming DESI Year 1 analysis.
Parameter dependency on the public X-ray reverberation models kynxilrev and kynrefrev
Authors: Khanthasombat K , Chainakun P , Young A J 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a comparative study of the constrained parameters of active galactic nuclei (AGN) made by the public X-ray reverberation model kynxilrev and kynrefrev that make use of the reflection code xillver and reflionx, respectively. By varying the central mass (MBH), coronal height (h), inclination (i), photon index of the continuum emission (Γ), and source luminosity (L), the corresponding lag-frequency spectra can be produced. We select only the simulated AGN, where their lag amplitude (τ) and MBH follow the known mass-scaling law. In these mock samples, we show that τ and h are correlated and can possibly be used as an independent scaling law. Furthermore, h (in gravitational units) is also found to be positively scaled with MBH, suggesting a more compact corona in lower-mass AGN. Both models reveal that the coronal height mostly varies between ∼5 and 15 rg, with the average height at ∼10 rg and can potentially be found from low- to high-mass AGN. Nevertheless, the kynxilrev seems to suggest a lower MBH and h than the kynrefrev. This inconsistency is more prominent in lower-spin AGN. The significant correlation between the source height and luminosity is revealed only by kynrefrev, suggesting the h–L relation is probably model-dependent. Our findings emphasize the differences between these reverberation models that raises the question of biases in parameter estimates and inferred correlations.
Simulating image coaddition with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope – II. Analysis of the simulated images and implications for weak lensing
Authors: Yamamoto Masaya , Laliotis Katherine , Macbeth Emily , Zhang Tianqing , Hirata Christopher M , Troxel M A , Cao Kaili , Choi Ami , Givans Jahmour , Heitmann Katrin , Ishak Mustapha , Jarvis Mike , Kovacs Eve , Long Heyang , Mandelbaum Rachel , Park Andy , Porredon Anna , Walter Christopher W , Wood-Vasey W Michael 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTOne challenge for applying current weak lensing analysis tools to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is that individual images will be undersampled. Our companion paper presented an initial application of Imcom – an algorithm that builds an optimal mapping from input to output pixels to reconstruct a fully sampled combined image – on the Roman image simulations. In this paper, we measure the output noise power spectra, identify the sources of the major features in the power spectra, and show that simple analytic models that ignore sampling effects underestimate the power spectra of the coadded noise images. We compute the moments of both idealized injected stars and fully simulated stars in the coadded images, and their one- and two-point statistics. We show that the idealized injected stars have root-mean-square ellipticity errors (1–6) × 10−4 per component depending on the band; the correlation functions are ≥2 orders of magnitude below requirements, indicating that the image combination step itself is using a small fraction of the overall Roman second moment error budget, although the fourth moments are larger and warrant further investigation. The stars in the simulated sky images, which include blending and chromaticity effects, have correlation functions near the requirement level (and below the requirement level in a wide-band image constructed by stacking all four filters). We evaluate the noise-induced biases in the ellipticities of injected stars, and explain the resulting trends with an analytical model. We conclude by enumerating the next steps in developing an image coaddition pipeline for Roman.
A co-rotating gas and satellite structure around the interacting galaxy pair NGC 4490/85
Authors: Karachentsev Igor D , Kroupa Pavel 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The interacting binary system NGC 4490/85 = Arp 269 is intermediate in mass between the Milky Way/Large Magellanic Cloud and the Large/Small Magellanic Cloud binary systems. It is a system of 14 known galaxies. We estimate the total Newtonian gravitating mass of the NGC 4490/85 group to be $M_\mathrm{ T} = (1.37\pm 0.43) \times 10^{12} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ using radial velocities and projected separations of its 13 candidate members. The system of dwarf satellites in the group demonstrates signs of coherent rotation in the same direction as that of the extended H i-shell surrounding the central interacting galaxy pair. The origin of this phase-space correlated population of star-forming late-type satellite galaxies raises questions in view of the planes-of-satellites observed around more massive galaxy pairs that are, however, made up of old early-type dwarf galaxies. We also report the detection of a candidate stellar Plume near the binary. This elongated structure of low surface brightness is a likely optical counterpart to the H i-tail north of NGC 4490/85, recently discovered by the Five-Hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio telescope.
SRG/ART-XC Galactic Bulge deep survey. II. Catalogue of point sources
Authors: Semena A , Mereminskiy I , Lutovinov A , Sazonov S , Arefiev V , Borisov K , Burenin R , Buntov M , Garanin S , Garin M , Grigorovich S , Karasev D , Krivonos R , Levin V , Lapshov I , Molkov S , Pavlinsky M , Shtykovsky A , Semena N , Sunyaev R , Tkachenko A , Vikhlinin A , Voron V 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a catalogue of point sources detected with the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope onboard the SRG observatory during a wide-field survey of the Galactic Bulge that was conducted as part of the mission’s calibration and performance verification phase in 2019. The survey consisted of nearly 18 d of consecutive scanning observations of the sky region |l| &lt; 6 deg, |b| &lt; 2.5 deg with the median sensitivity of 4 × 10−13 erg s−1 cm−2 in the 4–12 keV energy band, which allows the detection of sources down to a luminosity of 3 × 1033 erg s−1 near the Galactic Centre. Using a maximum-likelihood-based algorithm, 172 sources were detected. Of these, 153 are registered on the average 4–12 keV map and 18 sources are either extremely hard (detected only at energies above 7 keV) or highly variable (detected only in individual scans shorter than a day). For 121 sources, there are plausible counterparts in other X-ray source catalogues, including 43 with known classification. The remaining 51 sources are previously unknown objects, discovered by ART-XC during the Galactic Bulge survey.
The pulsar magnetosphere with machine learning: methodology
Authors: Dimitropoulos I , Contopoulos I , Mpisketzis V , Chaniadakis E 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
In this study, we introduce a novel approach for deriving the solution of the ideal force-free steady-state pulsar magnetosphere in three dimensions. Our method involves partitioning the magnetosphere into the regions of closed and open field lines, and subsequently training two custom Physics Informed Neural Networks to generate the solution within each region. We periodically modify the shape of the boundary separating the two regions (the separatrix) to ensure pressure balance throughout. Our approach provides an effective way to handle mathematical contact discontinuities in force-free electrodynamics. We present preliminary results in axisymmetry, which underscore the significant potential of our method. Finally, we discuss the challenges and limitations encountered while working with Neural Networks, thus providing valuable insights from our experience.
The effect of relativistic precession on light curves of tidal disruption events
Authors: Calderón Diego , Pejcha Ondřej , Metzger Brian D , Duffell Paul C 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The disruption of a star by the tidal forces of a spinning black hole causes the stellar stream to precess, affecting the conditions for triggering the tidal disruption event (TDE). In this work, we study the effect that precession imprints on TDE light curves due to the interaction of the TDE wind and luminosity with the stream wrapped around the black hole. We perform two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations using the moving-mesh hydrodynamic code jet with its radiation treatment module. We study the impact of black hole mass, accretion efficiency, and inclination between the orbital and spin planes. From our results, we identified two behaviours: (i) models with low-mass black holes (Mh ∼ 106 M⊙), low inclination (i ∼ 0), and low accretion efficiency (η ∼ 0.01) show light curves with a short early peak caused by the interaction of the wind with the inner edge of the stream. The line of sight has little effect on the light curve, since the stream covers a small fraction of the solid angle due to the precession occurring in the orbital plane; and (ii) models with high-mass black holes (Mh ≳ 107 M⊙), high inclination (i ∼ 90°), and high accretion efficiency (η ∼ 0.1) produce light curves with luminosity peaks that can be delayed by up to 50–100 d depending on the line of sight due to presence of the precessed stream blocking the radiation in the early phase of the event. Our results show that black hole spin and misalignment do not imprint recognizable features on the light curves but rather can add complications to their analysis.
Ecological Diversification in an Adaptive Radiation of Plants: The Role of De Novo Mutation and Introgression
Authors: Stone Benjamin W , Wessinger Carolyn A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Adaptive radiations are characterized by rapid ecological diversification and speciation events, leading to fuzzy species boundaries between ecologically differentiated species. Adaptive radiations are therefore key systems for understanding how species are formed and maintained, including the role of de novo mutations versus preexisting variation in ecological adaptation and the genome-wide consequences of hybridization events. For example, adaptive introgression, where beneficial alleles are transferred between lineages through hybridization, may fuel diversification in adaptive radiations and facilitate adaptation to new environments. In this study, we employed whole-genome resequencing data to investigate the evolutionary origin of hummingbird-pollinated flowers and to characterize genome-wide patterns of phylogenetic discordance and introgression in Penstemon subgenus Dasanthera, a small and diverse adaptive radiation of plants. We found that magenta hummingbird-adapted flowers have apparently evolved twice from ancestral blue-violet bee-pollinated flowers within this radiation. These shifts in flower color are accompanied by a variety of inactivating mutations to a key anthocyanin pathway enzyme, suggesting that independent de novo loss-of-function mutations underlie the parallel evolution of this trait. Although patterns of introgression and phylogenetic discordance were heterogenous across the genome, a strong effect of gene density suggests that, in general, natural selection opposes introgression and maintains genetic differentiation in gene-rich genomic regions. Our results highlight the importance of both de novo mutation and introgression as sources of evolutionary change and indicate a role for de novo mutation in driving parallel evolution in adaptive radiations.
Are Microstructures in Plutonic Rocks Primary or Secondary? A Re-examination of the Metasomatism Hypothesis for the Roof-Sourced Autoliths in the Skaergaard Intrusion
Authors: Holness Marian B , Andersen Jens C Ø , Namur Olivier , Nielsen Troels F D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The roof-derived autoliths in the floor cumulates of the Skaergaard Intrusion have been argued to have been extensively metasomatised and recrystallised, forming the foundation of the hypothesis that microstructures in plutonic rocks are essentially metamorphic. However, the augite–plagioclase–plagioclase dihedral angles and plagioclase core composition of the autoliths match with those of the roof rocks, demonstrating that they were generally solid on arrival at the floor, with no subsequent microstructural or compositional modification. Many autoliths have mafic rinds, which were used as evidence of metasomatism: these rinds fall into two groups. The rarely developed rind rock of Irvine et al. (1998) is most likely chilled magma infiltrating along fractures in the roof rocks, either associated directly with detachment of roof material, or occurring before final detachment. Thin mafic rims are widespread in LZc and MZ, present at the tops of the more elongate autoliths, with a corresponding felsic rim at the base of the most elongate autoliths. The close correspondence of thin rim development with autolith shape, rather than composition, is argued to be evidence that they formed as a result of differential migration of immiscible conjugate interstitial liquids: the dense Fe-rich liquid flowed downwards and ponded on the tops of impermeable autoliths, whereas its buoyant Si-rich conjugate flowed upwards and was trapped underneath. Any differences in microstructure and bulk composition of the autoliths compared with the remaining exposures of the roof sequence reflect the wider range of lithologies in the now-eroded regions of the roof.
Entropy-Area Law and Temperature of de Sitter Horizons from Modular Theory
Authors: D’Angelo Edoardo , Fröb Markus B , Galanda Stefano , Meda Paolo , Much Albert , Papadopoulos Kyriakos 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We derive an entropy-area law for the future horizon of an observer in diamonds inside a static patch of de Sitter space-time, taking into account the back reaction of quantum matter fields. We prove the positivity and convexity of the relative entropy for coherent states using Tomita–Takesaki modular theory, from which the quantum null energy condition for diamonds follows. Furthermore, we show that the generalized entropy conjecture holds. Finally, we reveal that the local temperature that is measured by an observer at rest exhibits subleading quantum corrections with respect to the well known cosmological horizon temperature H/(2π).
Mild synthesis of ultra-bright carbon dots with solvatochromism for rapid lipid droplet monitoring in varied physiological processes
Authors: Su Borui , Gao Dong , Xin Nini , Wu Kai , Yang Mei , Jiang Shichao , Zhang Yusheng , Ding Jie , Wu Chengheng , Sun Jing , Wei Dan , Fan Hongsong , Guo Zhenzhen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) participating in various cellular activities and are increasingly being emphasized. Fluorescence imaging provides powerful tool for dynamic tracking of LDs, however, most current LDs probes remain inconsistent performance such as low Photoluminescence Quantum Yield (PLQY), poor photostability and tedious washing procedures. Herein, a novel yellow-emissive carbon dot (OT-CD) has been synthesized conveniently with high PLQY up to 90%. Besides, OT-CD exhibits remarkable amphiphilicity and solvatochromic property with lipid–water partition coefficient higher than 2, which is much higher than most LDs probes. These characters enable OT-CD high brightness, stable and wash-free LDs probing, and feasible for in vivo imaging. Then, detailed observation of LDs morphological and polarity variation dynamically in different cellular states were recorded, including ferroptosis and other diseases processes. Furthermore, fast whole imaging of zebrafish and identified LD enrichment in injured liver indicate its further feasibility for in vivo application. In contrast to the reported studies to date, this approach provides a versatile conventional synthesis system for high-performance LDs targeting probes, combing the advantages of easy and high-yield production, as well as robust brightness and stability for long-term imaging, facilitating investigations into organelle interactions and LD-associated diseases.
The Effect of Carbon Pricing on Firm Emissions: Evidence from the Swedish CO2 Tax
Authors: Martinsson Gustav , Sajtos László , Strömberg Per , Thomann Christian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Sweden was one of the first countries to introduce a carbon tax back in 1991. We assemble a unique data set tracking CO2 emissions from Swedish manufacturing firms over 26 years to estimate the impact of carbon pricing on firm-level emission intensities. We estimate an emission-to-pricing elasticity of around two, with substantial heterogeneity across subsectors and firms, where higher abatement costs and tighter financial constraints are associated with lower elasticities. A simple calibration suggests that 2015 CO2 emissions from Swedish manufacturing would have been roughly 30% higher without carbon pricing.
Sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation mediated by psychotic-like experiences in adolescents: a two-wave longitudinal study
Authors: Bu Luowei , Wang Dongfang , Fan Yunge , Ye Haoxian , Liu Wenxu , Fan Fang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep disturbance may cause suicidal ideation (SI). This study aimed to examine their co-occurrence rate among adolescents and investigate whether psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) mediate this association.

Methods
A total of 17 722 Chinese adolescents were included in this two-wave longitudinal study. The baseline survey (time 1, T1) was conducted between April 21 and May 12, 2021, and the follow-up survey (time 2, T2) was implemented between December 17 and 26, 2021. At T1, participants completed questionnaires to assess their sleep disturbance, sleep duration, PLEs, SI, depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics. At T2, participants reported their PLEs, SI, and negative life events.

Results
The SI prevalence decreased from 20.2% (T1) to 18.4% (T2). Participants with SI showed significantly higher prevalence of sleep disturbance and short sleep duration compared to those without SI. Baseline sleep disturbance and short sleep duration were both associated with the increased risk of SI 6 months later. These longitudinal links were mediated by PLEs, independent of baseline covariates and negative life events.

Conclusions
These findings provide a novel insight into the mechanism linking sleep problems and suicidality, and stress the significance of assessing and addressing sleep problems and PLEs for adolescent suicide prevention and intervention.