bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Leishmanicidal Properties of Lectins
Authors: Grangeiro Yasmim A. , Santos Ana L.E. , Barbosa Flávia E.V. , Roma Renato R. , Souza Racquel O.S. , Silva Cláudio G.L , Teixeira Claudener S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Lectins are proteins widely distributed among plants, animals and microorganisms that
have the ability to recognize and interact with specific carbohydrates. They have varied biological
activities, such as the inhibition of the progression of infections caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses
and protozoa, which is related to the interaction of these proteins with the carbohydrates present in
the cell walls of these microorganisms. Leishmaniasis are a group of endemic infectious diseases
caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. In vitro and in vivo tests with promastigotes and
amastigotes of Leishmania demonstrated that lectins have the ability to interact with glycoconjugates
present on the cell surface of the parasite, it prevents their development through various
mechanisms of action, such as the production of ROS and alteration of membrane integrity, and
can also interact with defense cells present in the human body, thus showing that these molecules
can be considered alternative pharmacological targets for the treatment of leishmaniasis. The objective
of the present work is to carry out a bibliographic review on lectins with leishmanicidal activity,
emphasizing the advances and perspectives of research in this theme. Through the analysis
of the selected studies, we were able to conclude that lectins have great potential for inhibiting the
development of leishmaniasis. However, there are still few studies on this subject.
The Disulfide Bond-Mediated Cyclization of Oral Peptides
Authors: Yao Chenguang , Ye Guoguo , Yang Qin , Chen Zhenwang , Yang Minghui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
‘Structure determines function’ is a consensus in the current biological community, but
the structural characteristics corresponding to a certain function have always been a hot field of
scientific exploration. A peptide is a bio-active molecule that is between the size of an antibody
and a small molecule. Still, the gastrointestinal barrier and the physicochemical properties of peptides
have always limited the oral administration of peptides. Therefore, we analyze the main
ways oral peptide conversion strategies of peptide modification and permeation enhancers. Based
on our analysis of the structure of natural oral peptides, which can be absorbed through the gastrointestinal
tract, we believe that the design strategy of natural stapled peptides based on disulfide
bonds is good for oral peptide design. This cannot only be used to identify anti-gastrointestinal digestive
structural proteins in nature but also provide a solid structural foundation for the construction
of new oral peptide drugs.
Anthriscus sylvestris: An overview on Bioactive Compounds and
Anticancer Mechanisms from a Traditional Medicinal Plant to Modern
Investigation
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Ji Xiaoyun , Li Yuxin , Chen Xin , Wu Xiaoqing , Tan Rui , Jiang Hezhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. Gen. is a biennial or perennial herb commonly found in
China. It has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments such as
cough, gastric disorders, spleen deficiency, and limb weakness. Recently, its potential as an anticancer
agent has gained considerable attention and has been the subject of extensive research focusing
on extract efficacy, identification of active compounds, and proposed molecular mechanisms.
Nevertheless, further high-quality research is still required to fully evaluate its potential as an anticancer
drug.

:
This review aims to comprehensively summarize the anticancer properties exhibited by the active
components found in Anthriscus sylvestris.

:
We conducted a comprehensive search, collation, and analysis of published articles on anticancer
activity and active compounds of A. sylvestris using various databases that include, but are not limited
to, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Google Scholar.

:
The primary chemical composition of A. sylvestris consists of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, steroids,
fatty acids, and organic acids, showcasing an array of pharmacological activities like anticancer,
antioxidant, anti-aging, and immunoregulatory properties. Thus, this review highlights the
active compounds isolated from A. sylvestris extracts, which provide potential leads for the development
of novel anticancer drugs and a better understanding of the plant's pharmacological effects,
particularly its anticancer mechanism of action.
Current Landscape of Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Cardiovascular
Disorders
Authors: Wal Pranay , Aziz Namra , Singh Chetan Pratap , Rasheed Azhar , Tyagi Lalit Kumar , Agrawal Ankur , Wal Ankita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Cardiovascular disorders (CVD) are the primary cause of death worldwide. Multiple
factors have been accepted to cause cardiovascular diseases; among them, smoking, physical inactivity,
unhealthy eating habits, age, and family history are flag-bearers. Individuals at risk of developing
CVD are suggested to make drastic habitual changes as the primary intervention to prevent
CVD; however, over time, the disease is bound to worsen. This is when secondary interventions
come into play, including antihypertensive, anti-lipidemic, anti-anginal, and inotropic drugs. These
drugs usually undergo surgical intervention in patients with a much higher risk of heart failure.
These therapeutic agents increase the survival rate, decrease the severity of symptoms and the
discomfort that comes with them, and increase the overall quality of life. However, most individuals
succumb to this disease. None of these treatments address the molecular mechanism of the disease
and hence are unable to halt the pathological worsening of the disease. Gene therapy offers a
more efficient, potent, and important novel approach to counter the disease, as it has the potential
to permanently eradicate the disease from the patients and even in the upcoming generations. However,
this therapy is associated with significant risks and ethical considerations that pose noteworthy
resistance. In this review, we discuss various methods of gene therapy for cardiovascular disorders
and address the ethical conundrum surrounding it.
Hemophilia Healing with AAV: Navigating the Frontier of Gene Therapy
Authors: Khan Safir Ullah , Khan Munir Ullah , Suleman Muhammad , Inam Amrah , Din Muhammad Azhar Ud 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Gene therapy for hemophilia has advanced tremendously after thirty years of continual
study and development. Advancements in medical science have facilitated attaining normal levels
of Factor VIII (FVIII) or Factor IX (FIX) in individuals with haemophilia, thereby offering the potential for their complete recovery. Despite the notable advancements in various countries, there is
significant scope for further enhancement in haemophilia gene therapy. Adeno-associated virus
(AAV) currently serves as the primary vehicle for gene therapy in clinical trials targeting haemophilia. Subsequent investigations will prioritize enhancing viral capsid structures, transgene
compositions, and promoters to achieve heightened transduction efficacy, diminished immunogenicity, and more predictable therapeutic results. The present study indicates that whereas animal
models have transduction efficiency that is over 100% high, human hepatocytes are unable to express clotting factors and transduction efficiency to comparable levels. According to the current
study, achieving high transduction efficiency and high levels of clotting factor expression in human hepatocytes is still insufficient. It is also crucial to reduce the risk of cellular stress caused by
protein overload. Despite encountering various hurdles, the field of haemophilia gene therapy
holds promise for the future. As technology continues to advance and mature, it is anticipated that
a personalized therapeutic approach will be developed to cure haemophilia effectively.
Bacterial Pneumonia and Stroke Risk: A Nationwide Longitudinal Followup Study
Authors: Wang Joyce En-Hua , Tsai Shih-Jen , Wang Yen-Po , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Wang Tso-Jen , Chen Mu-Hong 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Pneumonia causes significant morbidity and mortality and has been
associated with cardiovascular complications. Our study aimed to investigate the incidence of
ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes following bacterial pneumonia.

Methods:
Between 1997 and 2012, 10,931 subjects with bacterial pneumonia and 109,310 controls
were enrolled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, and were
followed up to the end of 2013. The risk of stroke was estimated in Cox regression analyses with
hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
When compared to the control group, subjects in the bacterial pneumonia group had a
higher incidence of developing ischemic stroke (2.7% versus 0.4%, p <0.001) and hemorrhagic
stroke (0.7% versus 0.1%, p <0.001). The risk of stroke increases with repeated hospitalizations
due to bacterial pneumonia. Across bacterial etiologies, bacterial pneumonia was a significant
risk factor among 775 subjects who developed ischemic stroke (HR, 5.72; 95% CI, 4.92-6.65)
and 193 subjects who developed hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 5.33; 95% CI, 3.91-7.26).

Conclusion:
The risks of developing ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke are significant following
bacterial pneumonia infection. The risk factors, clinical outcomes, and the disease course
should also be profiled to better inform the monitoring of stroke development and the clinical
management of bacterial pneumonia patients.
Diffusion-weighted Imaging Detection of Acute Ischemia Brain Lesions in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Associated with White Matter
Hyperintensities, Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hou Yutong , Qin Wei , Yang Shuna , Li Yue , Yang Lei , Hu Wenli 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is commonly detected after spontaneous
intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and is associated with poor functional outcomes. However,
the etiology and significance of DWI lesions remain unclear. Thus, our study aimed to explore
the prevalence and risk factors of acute ischemic lesions in sICH and discussed the possible
mechanisms.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of a consecutive cohort of 408 patients from
June 2013 to October 2019 with sICH, who had brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) within 14 days of symptoms onset. Acute ischemic lesions were assessed
on MRI using DWI lesions. We compared the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients
with and without DWI lesions. The data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic
regression.

Results:
Among the enrolled 408 patients, the mean age was 56.8 ± 14.5 years, 68 (16.7%) of
them had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM). DWI lesions were observed in 89
(21.8%) patients, and most of them had a history of lacunar infarctions, which were located in
cortical or subcortical. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, DM (odds ratio (OR) 3.962, p
<0.001), severe deep white matter hypertensities (DWMH) (OR 2.463, p =0.001) and severe
centrum semiovale enlarged perivascular spaces (CSO-EPVS) (OR 2.679, p =0.001) were independently
associated with the presence of DWI lesions.

Conclusion:
In our cohort, we found DM, severe DWMH and severe CSO-EPVS were the independent
risk factors in sICH patients with DWI lesions.
Evaluation of Quantitative and Selective Sensory Fiber Dysfunction in
Patients with Cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Nan-nan , Wang Zhi-yong , Chen Jian-min , Yan Zhi-peng , Ni Guo-xin , Ni Jun 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Chronic liver disease has been reported to be associated with peripheral
neuropathy. However, which sensory fibers are affected remains unknown. The objective of this
study was to examine the function of sensory nerve fibers in patients with cirrhosis using the
current perception threshold (CPT) test, as well as the correlation between blood biochemical
indicators related to cirrhosis and CPT values.

Methods:
We recruited 44 patients with liver cirrhosis and 37 healthy controls of the same age
and gender. The Neurometer® system for the CPT test was used to stimulate the median nerve on
the right index finger, as well as the deep and superficial peroneal nerves on the right hallux,
using three distinct parameters (2000 Hz, 250 Hz, and 5 Hz). Comparative analysis was performed
on the CPT values of the sensory nerves. Additionally, the correlation between CPT values
and biochemical blood indicators in the study participants was analyzed.

Results:
Under 2000 Hz electrical stimulation, there was a significant difference between the
cirrhosis and healthy control groups in the median nerve as well as the deep and superficial peroneal
nerves (p < 0.05). In addition, the median nerve CPT value of the cirrhosis group was significantly
higher than that of the control group at an electrical stimulation frequency of 250 Hz
(p = 0.005). There was no correlation between CPT values and blood biochemical indicators.

Conclusion:
According to the results, the sensory peripheral neuropathy in liver cirrhosis is
mainly manifested as Aβ fiber neuropathy.
Development and Optimization of a Target Engagement Model of Brain
IDO Inhibition for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Stover Kurt R. , Stafford Paul M. , Damian Andreea C. , Pasangulapati Jagadeesh P. , Goodwin-Tindall Jake , López Vásquez Lucía M. , Lee Sanghyun , Yang Seung-Pil , Reed Mark A. , Barden Christopher J. , Weaver Donald F. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibition is a promising target as
an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Disease-modifying therapy capable of downregulating immunopathic
neuroinflammatory processes.

Methods:
To aid in the development of IDO inhibitors as potential AD therapeutics, we optimized
a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) based mouse model of brain IDO1 inhibition by examining the dosedependent
and time-course of the brain kynurenine:tryptophan (K:T) ratio to LPS via intraperitoneal
dosing.

Results:
We determined the optimal LPS dose to increase IDO1 activity in the brain, and the ideal
time point to quantify the brain K:T ratio after LPS administration. We then used a brain penetrant
tool compound, EOS200271, to validate the model, determine the optimal dosing profile and
found that a complete rescue of the K:T ratio was possible with the tool compound.

Conclusion:
This LPS-based model of IDO1 target engagement is a useful tool that can be used in
the development of brain penetrant IDO1 inhibitors for AD. A limitation of the present study is
the lack of quantification of potential clinically relevant biomarkers in this model, which could be
addressed in future studies.
Effect of HPV Oncoprotein on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in
Tumor Cells
Authors: Chen Biqing , Wang Yichao , Wu Yishi , Xu Tianmin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Abstract:High-risk HPV infection accounts for 99.7% of cervical cancer, over 90% of
anal cancer, 50% of head and neck cancers, 40% of vulvar cancer, and some cases of vaginal and
penile cancer, contributing to approximately 5% of cancers worldwide. The development of cancer is a complex, multi-step process characterized by dysregulation of signaling pathways and alterations in metabolic pathways. Extensive research has demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming plays a key role in the progression of various cancers, such as cervical, head and neck, bladder, and prostate cancers, providing the material and energy foundation for rapid proliferation and
migration of cancer cells. Metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells allows for the rapid generation
of ATP, aiding in meeting the high energy demands of HPV-related cancer cell proliferation. The
interaction between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and its associated cancers has become a recent
focus of investigation. The impact of HPV on cellular metabolism has emerged as an emerging research topic. A significant body of research has shown that HPV influences relevant metabolic signaling pathways, leading to cellular metabolic alterations. Exploring the underlying mechanisms
may facilitate the discovery of biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of HPV-associated diseases. In this review, we introduced the molecular structure of HPV and its replication process, discussed the diseases associated with HPV infection, described the energy metabolism of normal
cells, highlighted the metabolic features of tumor cells, and provided an overview of recent advances in potential therapeutic targets that act on cellular metabolism. We discussed the potential
mechanisms underlying these changes. This article aims to elucidate the role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in reshaping cellular metabolism and the application of metabolic changes in the
research of related diseases. Targeting cancer metabolism may serve as an effective strategy to
support traditional cancer treatments, as metabolic reprogramming is crucial for malignant transformation in cancer.
The Role of Bile Acids in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Yanling , Xu Haiyan , Zhang Xiaofei , Ma Jingyu , Xue Shengbai , Shentu Daiyuan , Mao Tiebo , Li Shumin , Yue Ming , Cui Jiujie , Wang Liwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Bile acids are well known to promote the digestion and absorption of fat, and at the
same time, they play an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism. More studies have found
that bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid also have anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating
effects. Bile acids have been extensively studied in biliary and intestinal tumors but less in pancreatic cancer. Patients with pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic head cancer, are often accompanied by biliary obstruction and elevated bile acids caused by tumors. Elevated total bile acid levels in pancreatic cancer patients usually have a poor prognosis. There has been controversy over
whether elevated bile acids are harmful or beneficial to pancreatic cancer. Still, there is no doubt
that bile acids are important for the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer. This article
summarizes the research on bile acid as a biomarker and regulation of the occurrence, development and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer, hoping to provide some inspiration for future research.
An Update on Pharmacological and Phytochemical Aspects of Costus pictus D. Don - A Promising Anti-diabetic Plant
Authors: Singh Vipin Kumar , Yadav Kuldeep Singh , Thomas Shiny C. , Gupta Ambika , Luqman Suaib , Shanker Karuna , Patil Umesh Kumar , Yadav Narayan Prasad 
Published: January 2024

Background:The genus Costus is the largest genus in the family Costaceae and en-compasses about 150 known species. Among these, Costus pictus D. Don (Synonym: Costus mexicanus) is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat diabetes and other ailments. Currently, available treatment options in modern medicine have several adverse effects. Herbal medicines are gaining importance as they are cost-effective and display improved therapeutic effects with fewer side effects. Scientists have been seeking therapeutic compounds in plants, and various in vitro and in vivo studies report Costus pictus D. Don as a potential source in treating various dis-eases. Phytochemicals with various pharmacological properties of Costus pictus D. Don, viz. anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, diuretic, analgesic, and anti-microbial have been worked out and reported in the literature.Objective:The aim of the review is to categorize and summarize the available information on phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Costus pictus D. Don and suggest outlooks for future research.Methods:This review combined scientific data regarding the use of Costus pictus D. Don plant for the management of diabetes and other ailments. A systematic search was performed on Costus pictus plant with anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and other pharmacologi-cal properties using several search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Sci-Finder, other online journals and books for detailed analysis.Results:Research data compilation and critical review of the information would be beneficial for further exploration of its pharmacological and phytochemical aspects and, consequently, new drug development. Bioactivity-guided fractionation, isolation, and purification of new chemical entities from the plant as well as pharmacological evaluation of the same will lead to the search for safe and effective novel drugs for better healthcare.Conclusion:This review critically summarizes the reports on natural compounds, and different extract of Costus pictus D. Don with their potent anti-diabetic activity along with other pharmaco-logical activity. Since this review has been presented in a very interactive manner showing the geographical region of availability, parts of plant used, mechanism of action and phytoconstitu-ents in different extracts of Costus pictus responsible for particular action, it will be of great im-portance to the interested readers to focus on the development of the new drug leads for the treatment of diseases.
Efficacy of Ginger, Cardamom, Purslane, Saffron and Cinnamon Consumption on Lipid Profile, Glycemic Control, Blood Pressure and Markers of Anthropometric and Inflammation in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Salimi Sajjad , Asgari Zahra , Mousavi Tahereh Sadat , Karimi Seyed Amir , Hamidi Arezoo , Mostafaei Shayan , Pour Pardis Mohammadi , Farzaei Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), also known as syndrome X or insulin resistance,
is a complex disorder characterized by multiple risk factors. It is caused by insulin resistance,
which is accompanied by abnormal accumulation and dysfunction of adipose tissue.

Introduction:
Recently, several studies have evaluated the efficacy of herbs on MetS. The purpose of
this meta-analysis is the comprehensive assessment of the impact of cardamom, cinnamon, saffron,
purslane and ginger on the parameters of MetS in patients with MetS.

Methods:
A systematic search was performed based on the English language reports of literature
from databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science and 29 RCT (randomized
clinical trial) studies were included in the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis was registered in
PROSPERO.

Results:
The results showed significant beneficial effects of cardamom on Homeostatic Model Assessment
for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and waist circumference (WC), cinnamon on diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) and weight, ginger on fasting blood sugar (FBS), Hemoglobin A1c HbA1c and
HOMA-IR and purslane on triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), body mass index (BMI) and
FBS compared to the placebo; thus, they can be useful in the management of patients with MetS.

Conclusion:
It is suggested that more RCT studies should be performed on the factors affecting the
efficacy of these plants on the parameters of the MetS.