bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid DNA Coacervates form Porous Capsular Hydrogels via Viscoelastic Phase Separation on Microdroplet Interface
Authors: Morita Masamune , Sakamoto Tetsuro , Nomura Shin‐ichiro M. , Murata Satoshi , Yanagisawa Miho , Takinoue Masahiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) droplets of biopolymers are known as functional microdroplets in living cells and have recently been used to construct protocells and artificial cells. The formation of DNA coacervates (also referred to as DNA droplets) from branched DNA nanostructures and the control of their physical properties via DNA nanostructure design are demonstrated previously. For the construction of artificial cells or protocells, however, even though physical effects such as surface tension, wetting, and viscoelasticity are more important in a tiny (micrometer‐sized), confined environment than in a bulk solution environment, they have not been explored yet. This study shows that a tiny, confined environment using a water‐in‐oil (W/O) microdroplet interface modulates the phase separation dynamics of DNA coacervates, leading to micrometer‐sized porous capsular structures. The porous structures are produced via two types of viscoelastic phase separation (VPS) processes in DNA coacervates: i) simple VPS and ii) cluster‐cluster aggregation after VPS. Finally, it is shown that environmental chemical stimulation can manipulate porous capsular DNA hydrogels extracted from W/O microdroplets. These results provide an approach for designing and fabricating artificial cells or protocells with complex structures and physicochemical properties.
Correlation of Work Function and Conformation of C80 Endofullerenes on h‐BN/Ni(111)
Authors: Stania Roland , Seitsonen Ari Paavo , Jung Hyunjin , Kunhardt David , Popov Alexey A. , Muntwiler Matthias , Greber Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChange of conformation or polarization of molecules is an expression of their functionality. If the two correlate, electric fields can change the conformation. In the case of endofullerene single‐molecule magnets the conformation is linked to an electric and a magnetic dipole moment, and therefore magnetoelectric effects are envisoned. The interface system of one monolayer Sc2TbN@C80 on hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) on Ni(111) has been studied. The molecular layer is hexagonally close packedbut incommensurate. With photoemission the polarization and the conformation of the molecules are addressed by the work function and angular intensity distributions. Valence band photoemission (ARPES) shows a temperature‐induced energy shift of the C80 molecular orbitals that is parallel to a change in work function of 0.25 eV without charging the molecules. ARPES indicates a modification in molecular conformations between 30 and 300 K. This order–disorder transition involves a polarization change in the interface and is centered at 125 K as observed with high‐resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The temperature dependence is described with a thermodynamic model that accounts for disordering with an excitation energy of 74 meV into a high entropy ensemble. All experimental results are supported by density functional theory (DFT).
Synthesis of gem‐Difluorocyclobutane‐Fused Indolines via Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Defluorinative Annulation of Trifluoromethyl Carbenoids with 2‐Alkenylanilines
Authors: Tan Hao , Li Haosheng , Wu Shaofeng , Abdukader Ablimit , Zhou Lei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA ruthenium‐catalyzed defluorinative annulation of 2‐alkenylanilines with α‐trifluoromethyl diazoester or diazoketones is described. The reaction has broad substrate scope, affording a range of gem‐difluorocyclobutane‐fused indolines in moderate to good yields with cis‐configuration. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the reaction proceeds through a sequential N−H insertion/C−F bond cleavage/[2+2] cycloadditon process. α‐Trifluoromethyl‐α‐diazo reagents serve as gem‐difluorinated C2 subunits by cleaving one C−F bond.
Osmolarity‐Induced Altered Intracellular Molecular Crowding Drives Osteoarthritis Pathology
Authors: Govindaraj Kannan , Meteling Marieke , van Rooij Jeroen , Becker Malin , van Wijnen Andre J. , van den Beucken Jeroen J. J. P. , Ramos Yolande F. M. , van Meurs Joyce , Post Janine N. , Leijten Jeroen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial degenerative joint disease of which the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. At the molecular level, multiple factors including altered signaling pathways, epigenetics, metabolic imbalance, extracellular matrix degradation, production of matrix metalloproteinases, and inflammatory cytokines, are known to play a detrimental role in OA. However, these factors do not initiate OA, but are mediators or consequences of the disease, while many other factors causing the etiology of OA are still unknown. Here, it is revealed that microenvironmental osmolarity can induce and reverse osteoarthritis‐related behavior of chondrocytes via altered intracellular molecular crowding, which represents a previously unknown mechanism underlying OA pathophysiology. Decreased intracellular crowding is associated with increased sensitivity to proinflammatory triggers and decreased responsiveness to anabolic stimuli. OA‐induced lowered intracellular molecular crowding could be renormalized via exposure to higher extracellular osmolarity such as those found in healthy joints, which reverse OA chondrocyte's sensitivity to catabolic stimuli as well as its glycolytic metabolism.
Evolution of the Electronic and Excitonic Properties in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites Induced by Bifunctional Ligands
Authors: Zhong Xinjue , Ni Xiaojuan , Kaplan Alan , Zhao Xiaoming , Ivancevic Marko , Ball Melissa L. , Xu Zhaojian , Li Hong , Rand Barry P , Loo Yueh‐Lin , Brédas Jean‐Luc , Kahn Antoine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper metal‐halide perovskites exhibit structural diversity due to a variety of choices of organic ligands. Incorporating bifunctional ligands in such materials is particularly intriguing since it can result in novel electronic properties and functions. However, an in‐depth understanding of the effects of bifunctional ligands on perovskite structures and, consequently, their electronic and excitonic properties, is still lacking. Here, n = 1 2D perovskites built with organic ligands containing ─CN, ─OH, ─COOH, ─phenyl (Ph), and ─CH3 functional groups are investigated using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopies, density functional theory calculations, and tight‐binding model analyses. The experimentally determined electronic gaps of the ─CN, ─COOH, ─Ph, and ─CH3 based perovskites exhibit a strong correlation with the in‐plane Pb─I─Pb bond angle, while the ─OH based perovskite deviates from the linear trend. Based on the band structure calculations, this anomaly is attributed to the out‐of‐plane dispersion, caused predominantly by significant interlayer electronic coupling that is present in ─OH based perovskites. These results highlight the complex and diverse impacts of organic ligands on electronic properties, especially in terms of the involvement of strong interlayer electronic coupling. The impact of the bifunctional ligands on the evolution of the exciton binding energy is also addressed.
Promoting eco‐labeled food consumption in China: The role of information
Authors: Yuan Rao , Jin Shaosheng , Zhou Lin , Chien Hsiaoping , Wu Wenchao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConsumers usually have little knowledge about eco‐labels, and eco‐labeled foods are still relatively uncommon. This study explores whether providing information about eco‐labels can improve consumers’ valuations of eco‐labeled foods. We tested three types of information—selfish (health related), altruistic (environment related), and combined (both)—and used a sample of 4523 Chinese consumers. Our results indicate that all three types of information increase consumers’ valuations of eco‐labeled foods. Consumers express the largest valuation for eco‐labeled foods when provided with selfish information, followed by altruistic information and combined information. We also found heterogeneous responses to all information treatments, with high‐income consumers being more responsive to selfish information, while more highly educated consumers are more sensitive to combined information. We discuss the implications for designing policies to develop eco‐labeled food markets, for example, by using redundant or identity‐based information on the labels, especially in developing economies. [EconLit Citations: D12, Q13, Q18]
Highly Ordered Mesoporous Polymer‐Supported Phosphine as the Ligand for Organometallic Reaction: Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling of Aryl Chlorides at Room Temperature
Authors: Kim Hwang Suk , Lee Hee‐Yoon , Joung Seewon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe prepared a highly ordered mesoporous polymer‐supported diarylphosphine ligand by simple substitution reaction. By utilizing this ligand, we successfully achieved the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling of various aryl chlorides at room temperature with high yields. Also, we extended our investigation to the use of a macroporous polymer support in a similar way, which yielded effective Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions of both aryl chlorides and hindered aryl bromides.
Neuropathology of patients with preclinical or early clinical Alzheimer's disease with pathogenic PSEN1_p. L392V: Comparison of advanced siblings
Authors: Hata Yukiko , Nakase Mio , Ichimata Shojiro , Yoshida Koji , Nishida Naoki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNeuropathological investigation of presymptomatic or early symptomatic presenilin‐1 (PSEN1) mutation carriers in familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) is extremely scarce.METHODSWe report the autopsy findings of brothers with familial AD. Case 1 is a 45‐year‐old man without obvious cognitive impairment, who committed suicide. Case 2 is a 57‐year‐old older brother of Case 1 with advanced AD symptoms, who died of hypothermia during wondering.RESULTSIn both cases, abundant amyloid plaques positive for amyloid β (Aβ) were found throughout the brain. Progression of neuronal loss and increasing amount and extension of neurofibrillary tangle pathology were evident in Case 2. Genetic investigation revealed a PSEN1_p. L392V mutation in both cases.DISCUSSIONThe present study shows a possible neuropathological boundary between symptomatic and preclinical AD with pathogenic PSEN1 mutation. Additional clinicopathological investigation for familial AD‐related mutation carriers may be significant to explore the association between familial AD and suicide.
Design and development of graphene oxide/shape memory nanocomposite based on hexamethylene diisocyanate mixing segment
Authors: Mohanty Jayashree , Garg Hema , Gupta Priyanka , Kumar Bipin , Tripathi Bijay P. , Alagirusamy R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractShape memory polymers are remarkable materials renowned for their distinctive ability to fix and recover their original shape in response to specific stimuli. However, the lower shape fixity (SF) of conventional thermally triggered shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) has limited its broad application potential. This study investigates the transformative influence of graphene oxide (GO) nanofillers when incorporated into a linear diisocyanate‐based mixing segment SMPU (SMPU‐GO). The lower SF issue of SMPU is ingeniously addressed by leveraging the interactive properties of GO with the 4,4′‐methylene bis‐phenyl diisocyanate hard segment and the introduction of additional physical cross‐links via hexamethylene diisocyanate mixing segment. At 1 wt.% GO incorporation, the modulus increased by 178%, an 8% increase in tensile strength, while the elasticity was maintained. Excellent improvement in SF and shape recovery (SR) was attained at 1 wt.% GO incorporated SMPU, and the SMPU nanocomposite showed the highest SF (65%) and SR (100%) at 70°C temperature and 50% strain.
Preparation of superhydrophobic conductive micro/nano‐graphite/PDMS films on paper by simple spraying method
Authors: He Qiang , Du Zhicai , Jia Yangyang , Liu Yujie , Xu Zehua , Xu Yuan , Li Anling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPaper‐based materials are widely used in various fields due to their advantages, such as environmental friendliness and sustainability. However, the highly hydrophilic nature of the cellulose that makes up paper‐based materials limits their use. In this paper, micron/nano‐graphite/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings with excellent superhydrophobic and conductive properties were prepared on the surface of filter paper by a simple spraying method. A mixture of micro‐graphite and nano‐graphite was used to form a multistage rough structure on the surface of the filter paper by spraying, and the low surface energy PDMS enhanced the adhesion of the micro‐graphite and nano‐graphite on the surface of the filter paper. The results showed that the samples possessed the best superhydrophobic properties when the ratio of micro‐graphite to nano‐graphite was 1:1, at which time the contact and rolling angles of the samples were 165.4° and 3.2°, respectively. The prepared superhydrophobic samples have good bounce and self‐cleaning properties, while the samples have good mechanical stability and chemical resistance. Additionally, due to the conductivity of micro–nano‐graphite, both particle sizes closely contact the sample surface, creating a conductive network. With a 1:1 ratio of micro‐ and nano‐graphite, the coating exhibits minimal resistance at 1.89 KΩ, and the sample maintains stable conductivity even underwater. The above properties greatly extend the application range of paper‐based superhydrophobic materials.
Mechanically robust and highly electrochemical performance of polyethylene oxide gel polymer electrolyte
Authors: Jin Bihui , Zhao Yunyang , Ye Dezhan , Jiang Xiancai , Ye Xianke , Li Chen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSynthesizing high‐performance of gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with simple methods and common materials has long been a crucial concern for lithium‐ion batteries. Here, the poor mechanical properties of polyethylene oxide (PEO) based GPEs were overcome by introducing strong hydrogen bond between PEO and polyacrylic acid (PAA). Easy‐available PEO/PAA membranes were prepared though hot processing approach without use of organic solvent during all processes. The mechanical properties and crystalline of dry composites could be tuned by the addition content of PAA. After quick absorbing electrolyte in 30 min, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the GPEs composites are ranged from 0.07 to 0.63 MPa, and 525% to 722%. Moreover, the lithium‐ion conductivity and transference number with 30 wt% addition of PAA reach up to 1.66 and 0.58 mS/cm, respectively. After 500 cycling at 0.5 C, the discharge specific capacity and the capacity retention rate are still up to 134.1 mAh/g and 88.7%, respectively. This research proves the great possibility of applying environmentally friendly method, low cost, and high electrochemical performances of PEO/PAA based GPEs in the lithium batteries.
Benzothiazole‐based apoptosis inducers: A comprehensive overview and future prospective
Authors: Kamboj Payal , Mahore Anjali , Husain Asif , Amir Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCancer has become a major concern in healthcare globally, and over time, incidences and prevalence of cancer are increasing. To counter this, a lot of anticancer drugs are approved and are in clinical use, playing a pivotal role in its treatment. Due to drug resistance and adverse effects, a continuous demand for novel, potent, and safe candidates to treat cancer is always there. Over the last few decades, various heterocyclic ring‐based derivatives have been explored and reported in the literature. In this regard, benzothiazole scaffold‐based compound emerged as the versatile ring for developing novel and safe anticancer candidates. In this article, we have reported various benzothiazole heterocyclic ring‐based derivatives demonstrating potent antiproliferative activity by induction of apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway in a dose‐dependent manner. These compounds also displayed inhibition of different enzymes, for example, Aurora kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, phosphoinositide kinases, DNA topoisomerase, and tubulin polymerases. This study focused on a comprehensive overview of antiproliferative activity, structure–activity relationship, apoptosis induction activity, and enzyme inhibition by benzothiazole‐based compounds.
Superhydrophilic and oleophobic sponges prepared based on Mussel‐Inspired chemistry for efficient oil‐water separation
Authors: Sun Jianteng , Gao Feng , Hu Jingwen , Qi Zhixian , Huang Yue , Guo Yonggui , Chen Ying , Wei Junfu , Zhang Huan , Pang Qianchan , Wang Huicai , Zhang Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophilic/oleophobic materials are considered to be the best materials for achieving oil‐water separation, but their preparation is difficult and the existing methods are not universal. In this paper, a two‐step modification strategy was used to prepare superhydrophilic/oleophobic sponges by adjusting the polar and nonpolar components of the materials using mussel‐inspired chemistry. While remaining superhydrophilic, the modified sponge surface has a maximum contact angle of 135° with different oils in air. The modified sponge exhibited superoleophobicity in water, and the contact angle of oil could reach more than 150°. In addition, the modified sponges were also reusable, chemically stable, and mechanically durable. Its oil‐water separation flux was up to 24900 Lm−2 h−1 bar−1, and the separation efficiency was above 97 %. We believe that this method will provide an environmentally friendly and efficient way to prepare the superhydrophilic/oleophobic materials.
Advanced modeling and control of wind conversion systems based on hybrid generators using fractional order controllers
Authors: Mseddi Amina , Wali Khouloud , Abid Ahmed , Naifar Omar , Rhaima Mohamed , Mchiri Lassaad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe focus of this study is on modeling and management of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Generator (HESG). Using a wind simulator, two controllers, CRONE and H∞, are evaluated for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and optimal rotation speed. The results show the CRONE controller's higher tracking capability, and robustness tests investigate the influence of parametric uncertainty. Space harmonic effects, commutation effects, and turbine shaft flexibility are all addressed in the sophisticated models. The introduction of Fractional Order Proportional‐Integral (FOPI) control for MPPT is a game changer. Although fractional calculus‐based accuracy and robustness are uncommon in WECS, they show promise for emissions reduction and increased energy efficiency. This work validates a dependable control approach inside an isolated HESG‐based WECS's power‐maximizing range. Extensive investigation of the parameters impacting FOPI control efficiency yields useful insights for effective MPPT control. A variable‐speed wind turbine (WT) is linked to a HESG through a multiplier, with a controller controlling generator coil excitation voltages and a rectifier connecting the WECS to a load. A thorough 3 kW HESG electrical model that includes generator space harmonics and converter commutation effects is among the contributions. For HESG‐based WECS stability, frequency analysis finds important resonant and anti‐resonant frequencies. These issues are addressed by a FOPI control technique, which ensures system stability and performance. The necessity of exact frequency analysis in HESG‐based WECS is highlighted by a step‐by‐step controller parameter tuning approach.
Low cloud response to aerosol‐radiation‐cloud interactions: Idealized WRF numerical experiments for EUREC4A project
Authors: Tartaglione Nazario , Desbiolles Fabien , del Moral‐Méndez Anna , Meroni Agostino N. , Napoli Anna , Borgnino Matteo , Parodi Antonio , Pasquero Claudia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAerosols significantly affect cloud microphysics and energy budget in different ways. The contribution of the direct, semi‐direct, and indirect effects of aerosols on radiation are here investigated over the North Atlantic tropical ocean under different aerosol loadings. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model is used to perform a set of numerical idealized experiments, which are forced with prescribed aerosol profiles. We evaluate the effects of aerosols on modeled shallow clouds and surface radiative budget. The results indicate that large aerosol loadings are associated with enhanced cloudiness and reduced precipitation. While the change in rainfall is mainly due to the larger number of smaller droplets, the change in cloudiness is attributed to the effects of absorbing aerosols, mainly dust particles, which are responsible for a rise of temperature that feeds back onto specific humidity. As in the boundary layer the increase of moisture dominates, the net effect is a higher relative humidity, which favors the formation of thin low non‐precipitating clouds. The feedback accounts for a dynamical change in the lower troposphere: shortwave radiation absorption increases temperature at the top of the marine atmospheric boundary‐layer and reduces entrainment of warm and dry air, increasing low level moisture content. Despite the overall increase in cloudiness, daytime cloud cover is reduced. The semi‐direct effect of aerosols on clouds results in a warming of the surface, opposite to the indirect effect.
Impact of Lithium‐Ion Battery Separators on Gas Evolution during Temperature Abuse
Authors: Bläubaum Lars , Röse Philipp , Baakes Florian , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSeparators in lithium‐ion batteries are typically considered to be electrochemically inert under normal operating conditions. Yet, temperature abuse tests at elevated temperatures of ca. 60 °C to 132 °C show that the choice of separator material has a decisive influence on battery behavior and degradation. Using online electrochemical mass spectrometry, we analyzed the evolution of cell voltage and gas products during and after thermal abuse for different separators. Polypropylene and polytetrafluoroethylene seem exhibited little change in gas evolution, producing only modest amounts of CO2 and POF3. In contrast, glass fiber and polyethylene terephthalate separators caused additional gas release, indicating electrochemical instability. Polyethylene terephthalate produced significantly more gas, resulting in the mechanical failure of the separator and drastic performance losses. The amount of CO2 evolved with polyethylene terephthalate is four times higher than that of the glass fiber separator. However, the amount of POF3 detected was five times higher for the glass fiber separator.
Self‐serving perception of charitable donation request: An effective cognitive strategy to boost benefits and reduce drawbacks
Authors: Juanchich Marie , Whiley Lilith A. , Sirota Miroslav 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe psychological consequences of prosocial behavior depend on people's perceptions of their own volition. Building on this, we hypothesized that people who donate increase their volition and the benefits of donations by judging donation requests as polite (non‐coercive), whereas non‐donors reduce their volition and the drawback of refusing to donate by judging the request as less polite (too coercive). Three weeks after providing baseline politeness judgments about a fundraising request, participants re‐evaluated the same request as potential donors (experimental group) or observers (control group) and reported how they felt (Ntime1 = 605, Ntime2 = 294). Relative to past perceptions, donors judged the request as more polite than control participants. Non‐donors redefined the request as less polite than donors, but not less than control participants. Both donors and non‐donors benefited from redefining the request as more polite. We discuss how altering one's perception of a request is a multi‐purpose self‐serving cognition.