bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive fractional flow reserve estimation using deep learning on intermediate left anterior descending coronary artery lesion angiography images
Authors: Arefinia Farhad , Aria Mehrad , Rabiei Reza , Hosseini Azamossadat , Ghaemian Ali , Roshanpoor Arash 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to design an end-to-end deep learning model for estimating the value of fractional flow reserve (FFR) using angiography images to classify left anterior descending (LAD) branch angiography images with average stenosis between 50 and 70% into two categories: FFR > 80 and FFR ≤ 80. In this study 3625 images were extracted from 41 patients’ angiography films. Nine pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNN), including DenseNet121, InceptionResNetV2, VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50V2, Xception, MobileNetV3Large, DenseNet201, and DenseNet169, were used to extract the features of images. DenseNet169 indicated higher performance compared to other networks. AUC, Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Precision, and F1-score of the proposed DenseNet169 network were 0.81, 0.81, 0.86, 0.75, 0.82, and 0.84, respectively. The deep learning-based method proposed in this study can non-invasively and consistently estimate FFR from angiographic images, offering significant clinical potential for diagnosing and treating coronary artery disease by combining anatomical and physiological parameters.
Yolk proteins of the schistosomiasis vector snail Biomphalaria glabrata revealed by multi-omics analysis
Authors: Habib Mohamed R. , Bu Lijing , Posavi Marijan , Zhong Daibin , Yan Guiyun , Zhang Si-Ming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVitellogenesis is the most important process in animal reproduction, in which yolk proteins play a vital role. Among multiple yolk protein precursors, vitellogenin (Vtg) is a well-known major yolk protein (MYP) in most oviparous animals. However, the nature of MYP in the freshwater gastropod snail Biomphalaria glabrata remains elusive. In the current study, we applied bioinformatics, tissue-specific transcriptomics, ovotestis-targeted proteomics, and phylogenetics to investigate the large lipid transfer protein (LLTP) superfamily and ferritin-like family in B. glabrata. Four members of LLTP superfamily (BgVtg1, BgVtg2, BgApo1, and BgApo2), one yolk ferritin (Bg yolk ferritin), and four soma ferritins (Bg ferritin 1, 2, 3, and 4) were identified in B. glabrata genome. The proteomic analysis demonstrated that, among the putative yolk proteins, BgVtg1 was the yolk protein appearing in the highest amount in the ovotestis, followed by Bg yolk ferritin. RNAseq profile showed that the leading synthesis sites of BgVtg1 and Bg yolk ferritin are in the ovotestis (presumably follicle cells) and digestive gland, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that BgVtg1 is well clustered with Vtgs of other vertebrates and invertebrates. We conclude that, vitellogenin (BgVtg1), not yolk ferritin (Bg yolk ferritin), is the major yolk protein precursor in the schistosomiasis vector snail B. glabrata.
‘We resolve our own sorrows’: screening comfort women in Chinese documentary films
Authors: Zhang Pingfan , Fang Cheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article adds a critical lens to the vicissitudinous public remembrance of the comfort women in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the oscillating representations of comfort women in Chinese documentary films. First, it probes how the violated bodies of comfort women on the screen constantly challenge and disrupt the entrenched gender norms in the interstices of the PRC’s official paradigms of “national humiliation” and “national greatness.” Then, it examines the distinctive film esthetics and documentary ethics of Chinese director Guo Ke’s documentary films Thirty Two (2014) and Twenty Two (2017), given that the latter harvested record-breaking box office sales and incited heated online discussions of the comfort women issue in China. In particular, this article scrutinizes how Guo’s esthetically appealing, politically non-confrontational, and ethically provocative approach helps constitute survivors’ private, gendered memories and encourages the viewers to contemplate his minimalist narratives. In a broader sense, this article contributes to the discussions of gender, nationalism, war remembrance, and documentary filmmaking in contemporary China.
Molecular composition and the impact of fuel moisture content on fresh primary organic aerosol emissions during laboratory combustion of ponderosa pine needles
Authors: Jaoui Mohammed , Urbanski Shawn P. , Long Russell W. , Landis Matthew S. 
Published: January 2024

Environmental context Wildland fire smoke and its impacts on air quality and human health are increasing globally. However, uncertainties in organic emissions from these fires hinder our understanding of downwind atmospheric photochemical processes driving the formation of hazardous air pollutants. In this study, we investigated the impact of fuel moisture content on organic species emission during the combustion of ponderosa pine needles, an important fuel source in the western United States. Rationale Pine needles represent an important fuel source in coniferous forest systems in the western United States. During forest fires, they can be easily ignited and help sustain flame on the ground. Methodology In this study, a comprehensive chemical analysis was conducted to examine oxygenated organic compounds (OOCs) present in PM2.5 (particles ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) formed from burning dry and moist ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) needles (PPN) in the presence and absence of fine woody debris (FWD). The effect of fuel moisture content (FMC), a key parameter that influences smoke formation, has not received much attention. Therefore, we also investigated the effect of FMC on PM2.5 formation and its composition. Thirty three experiments were conducted at the US Forest Service Fire Science Laboratory. PM2.5 was collected onto 47-mm Teflon filters, and silylated extracts were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results More than 50 OOCs were identified, including levoglucosan and mannosan; n-dodecanoic acid and n-hexadecanoic acid; dihydroabietic acid, and dehydroabietic acid; and a series of intermediate volatile and semivolatile organic compounds. Mass spectra of a wide variety of compounds in electron and chemical ionisation mode are provided. Most of these OOCs were identified in this study for the first time in PPN aerosol, although some were previously reported in pine wood and other biomass burning aerosol. Our results show significant changes in the composition and abundance of particles depending on the amount and type of PPN burned. When compared with dry PPN, moist PPN showed decreased emissions of PM2.5 and OOCs, due likely to the presence of water in the system that partially suppressed the production of OOCs. Discussion Incorporating pine needles in atmospheric models as a contributor to smoke particles generated during forest fires is an essential step towards reducing the current uncertainties regarding the influence of these aerosols on chemical/air mass characteristics, regional meteorology, and the climate.
When Women Made Anti-Antisemitism Fiction Popular
Authors: Gordan Rachel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the 1940s, several writers were working on anti-antisemitism novels. Between 1944 and 1946, as she drafted Agreement, Hobson discovered that she was part of such a group, including Margaret Halsey, Jo Sinclair, and Gwethalyn Graham. So were Arthur Miller (Focus, 1945) and Saul Bellow (The Victim, 1947). But it was a small group of women writers who made the genre popular in the 1940s. Their middlebrow fiction received attention from the popular press, and in some cases, consideration for film treatment. Hobson did not know all her fellow anti-antisemitism novelists, personally. But, even in 1944, she understood the significance of their work. At a time when many Americans wondered what they could possibly do to fight bigotry and racism, anti-antisemitism novelists grasped an inspiring truth: popular stories sparked reflection and conversation among readers.
Betting the farm: Rural illiberal State-building in Angola via Chinese loans
Authors: Safarik Brad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Angola’s government has historically championed the revival of the agricultural sector as a national priority, though it has remained unclear what role the nation’s peasantry is intended to play. Looking to the future while fixated on the past, the first failed recipe for growth was initially based on nationalizing the colonial export model by incorporating the social and economic forces of the rural economy. The government’s early embrace of authoritarian modernization has since pursued an illiberal rural development model seeking to entrench the state’s control over rural areas and extend elite reproduction capacities, exercised principally through a series of state-owned enterprises. Upon the end of the civil war in Angola in 2002, the timely arrival of Chinese loans and technical assistance allowed the administration of President José Eduardo dos Santos to revitalize this strategy with a return to the establishment of a series of state agro-industrial farms a quarter century later. A historical presidential transition in 2017 upended these strategies of rural governance, leading to a vast privatization scheme of state assets built up over decades. This article reveals how the Angolan state has historically sought to engineer elite minority control over the agricultural sector while marginalizing the vast majority of the main rural economic actor, the peasantry. Likewise, the case study provides insight into the hidden costs of Chinese loans on Angola’s rural economy.
Parent and Youth Athlete Perceptions of Concussion Injury: Establishing a Factor Structure
Authors: Bretzin Abigail C , Schmitt Ara J , Teel Elizabeth , Holmes John H , Wiebe Douglas J , Beidler Erica 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
The first objective was to establish the respective factor structures of a concussion perceptions inventory that was adapted for youth athletes (ages 8–14 years) and their parents from the Perceptions of Concussion Inventory for Athletes. The second objective was to understand the associations between the concussion perceptions of youth athlete–parent dyads.

Method
In this cross-sectional study, 329 parent–youth athlete dyads completed a respective concussion perception inventory. Mean age of youth respondents was 10.9 ± 1.8 years (70.1% male) and mean age of parent respondents was 40.5 ± 13.6 years (60.9% female).

Results
Exploratory factor analyses revealed unique 7-factor structures for both the youth athlete and parent inventories (youth athlete: anxiety, clarity, treatment, permanent injury, symptom variability, long-term outcomes, and personal control; parent: anxiety, clarity, treatment, permanent injury, symptom variability, and long-term outcomes, and affect others). Weak associations were found between dyads on the 5 factors that were composed of identical items (anxiety, clarity, treatment, permanent injury, and symptom variability).

Conclusions
Findings suggest that this adapted inventory has adequate psychometric properties to be used in the study of the concussion perceptions of youth athletes and their parents. Weak correlations across the concussion perceptions in the dyads suggest that parents and children hold different concussion perceptions and this should be considered in instrument selection of future studies.
The Unseen Strain: Investigating the Awareness of Rhinoplasty Surgeons Regarding Their Spine Health
Authors: Alzayadneh Islam , Hamdan Omar , Alzayadneh Lana , Al-Zu’bi Belal , Glikson Eran , Almusaileem Nisreen , Rival Ella , Solomon Philip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Musculoskeletal pain is a common occupational health problem among surgeons that can affect work productivity and quality of life.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and causes of back pain among rhinoplasty surgeons, evaluate their routine practice, and identify unique risk factors. A further goal was to measure functional disabilities with the Total Disability Index (TDI) questionnaire.

Methods
A structured online questionnaire was distributed to plastic surgeons performing rhinoplasty internationally. The questionnaire comprised sections on biodata, routine practice posture, length of practice, surgical duration, and the history of surgery or hospitalization related to these issues. In the second part of the survey, participants were asked to complete the TDI questionnaire.

Results
The prevalence of back pain was reported by 93.6% of surgeons, with low back pain being the most common (76.7%). The average pain intensity for low back pain was 44.8 ± 26.8. The mean TDI score was calculated as 31 ± 12.1, with 58.2% of surgeons experiencing mild to moderate disability. Significant associations were found between musculoskeletal pain severity and disability index and factors such as BMI, exercise, years of rhinoplasty practice, number of surgeries performed per week, and average procedure length. Interestingly, only 16.4% of rhinoplasty surgeons had previous ergonomic training or education.

Conclusions
Musculoskeletal issues related to the spine are prevalent among rhinoplasty surgeons. It is imperative to educate surgeons about this underestimated health problem, provide proper physical rehabilitation targeting ergonomic concerns, and make changes to current practices to address this issue effectively.

Level of Evidence: 5
Testing ‘bigger is better’ and maternal effects hypotheses in hatchlings of the sexually dimorphic spiny softshell turtle (Apalone spinifera)
Authors: Porter Eden , Paterson James E , Davy Christina M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The ‘bigger is better’ hypothesis (BIBH) predicts that fitness increases with body size. Eastern spiny softshell turtles (Apalone spinifera) exhibit sexual size dimorphism (SSD) at maturity, and the much larger female body size is attributed to selection favouring greater reproductive output. Hatchlings exhibit sexually dimorphic markings, but hatchling SSD has not been investigated. The BIBH predicts that hatchlings will not exhibit SSD because reproductive benefits to larger, mature females drive size dimorphism at maturity, but selection on hatchlings relates only to survival. We tested this prediction with A. spinifera hatchlings (N = 2630) incubated in controlled conditions to avoid confounding environmental effects on phenotype. Hatchling mass was similar between sexes, suggesting similar nutritional allocation to male and female offspring. Hatchling size (carapace length) was also similar between sexes. Hatchling mass and body size varied among clutches and were positively related to maternal size, suggesting morphological constraints on egg size. Surprisingly, clutch size was related only weakly to maternal size. Taken together, our results suggest that hatchling size in A. spinifera is consistent with the BIBH and that offspring quality increases with maternal age, but that maternal effects drive a large proportion of the variation in clutch size and offspring quality.
Elevated cholesterol in ATAD3 mutants is a compensatory mechanism that leads to membrane cholesterol aggregation
Authors: Muñoz-Oreja Mikel , Sandoval Abigail , Bruland Ove , Perez-Rodriguez Diego , Fernandez-Pelayo Uxoa , de Arbina Amaia Lopez , Villar-Fernandez Marina , Hernández-Eguiazu Haizea , Hernández Ixiar , Park Yohan , Goicoechea Leire , Pascual-Frías Nerea , Garcia-Ruiz Carmen , Fernandez-Checa Jose , Martí-Carrera Itxaso , Gil-Bea Francisco Javier , Hasan Mazahir T , Gegg Matthew E , Bredrup Cecilie , Knappskog Per-Morten , Gereñu-Lopetegui Gorka , Varhaug Kristin N , Bindoff Laurence A , Spinazzola Antonella , Yoon Wan Hee , Holt Ian J 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aberrant cholesterol metabolism causes neurological disease and neurodegeneration, and mitochondria have been linked to perturbed cholesterol homeostasis via the study of pathological mutations in the ATAD3 gene cluster. However, whether the cholesterol changes were compensatory or contributory to the disorder was unclear, and the effects on cell membranes and the wider cell were also unknown.
Using patient-derived cells, we show that cholesterol perturbation is a conserved feature of pathological ATAD3 variants that is accompanied by an expanded lysosome population containing membrane whorls characteristic of lysosomal storage diseases. Lysosomes are also more numerous in Drosophila neural progenitor cells expressing mutant Atad3, which exhibit abundant membrane-bound cholesterol aggregates, many of which co-localize with lysosomes. By subjecting the Drosophila Atad3 mutant to nutrient restriction and cholesterol supplementation, we show that the mutant displays heightened cholesterol dependence.
Collectively, these findings suggest that elevated cholesterol enhances tolerance to pathological ATAD3 variants; however, this comes at the cost of inducing cholesterol aggregation in membranes, which lysosomal clearance only partly mitigates.
British Association of Dermatologists national clinical audit on the management of Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults
Authors: Tasker Fiona , Smith Stephen P , Mohd Mustapa M Firouz , de Berker David A R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
UK guidelines for managing adults with Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), published by the British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) in 2016, outline a set of audit standards.

Objectives
To audit current management of SJS/TEN in adults against standards in the BAD guidelines.

Methods
BAD members were invited to submit data on five consecutive adults with SJS/TEN per department over an 8-week period in 2022.

Results
Thirty-nine dermatology centres in the UK (29%) participated, and data for 147 adults with SJS/TEN were collected. Within 24 h of the diagnosis being made or suspected, the following were documented, per 147 submitted cases: Severity-of-Illness Score for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SCORTEN) for 76 (52%), list of medications for 113 (77%) and timelines for commencement/alterations of medications for 104 (71%). The initial assessment was documented of the eyes by an ophthalmologist in 71 (48%), of the mouth in 130 (88%), of the genital skin in 103 (70%) and of the urinary tract in 93 (63%). During the first 10 days after a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of SJS/TEN, daily assessments of the mouth were documented in 26 of 147 cases (18%), of the eyes in 12 (8%), and of the urinary tract and genital skin in 14 (10%). At discharge, a drug was declared to be the cause of SJS/TEN for 130 of 147 cases (88%), while 9 (6%) were thought to be secondary to infection. Eleven of 147 (8%) had no response to this question. Documentation regarding advice was present on avoidance of the culprit drug in 76 of 130 declared SJS/TEN cases (58%), and on requesting a MedicAlert® bracelet/amulet in 9 of the 147 cases (6%).

Conclusions
This audit suggests that a clinical review checklist might be needed to enable colleagues to maintain standards outlined in the guidelines, including documentation of SCORTEN, daily assessments of mucosal areas, and advice to avoid culprit drug(s) and to request a MedicAlert® bracelet/amulet.
Glucose–oxygen coupling can serve as a biomarker for neuroinflammation-related genetic variants
Authors: Yang Ze , Sheng Jinhua ,   IET Fellow, Zhang Qiao , Xin Yu , Wang Luyun , Zhang Qian , Wang Binbing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3197999 in the macrophage-stimulating protein 1 gene is a missense variant. Studies have indicated that macrophage-stimulating protein 1 mediates neuronal loss and synaptic plasticity damage, and overexpression of the macrophage-stimulating protein 1 gene leads to the excessive activation of microglial cells, thereby resulting in an elevation of cerebral glucose metabolism. Traditional diagnostic models may be disrupted by neuroinflammation, making it difficult to predict the pathological status of patients solely based on single-modal images. We hypothesize that the macrophage-stimulating protein 1 rs3197999 single-nucleotide polymorphism may lead to imbalances in glucose and oxygen metabolism, thereby influencing cognitive resilience and the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we found that among 121 patients with mild cognitive impairment, carriers of the macrophage-stimulating protein 1 rs3197999 risk allele showed a significant reduction in the coupling of glucose and oxygen metabolism in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region. However, the rs3197999 variant did not induce significant differences in glucose metabolism and neuronal activity signals. Furthermore, the rs3197999 risk allele correlated with a higher rate of increase in clinical dementia score, mediated by the coupling of glucose and oxygen metabolism.

Highlight
Cortical and subcortical substrates of minutes and days-long object value memory in humans
Authors: Farmani Sepideh , Sharifi Kiomars , Ghazizadeh Ali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Obtaining valuable objects motivates many of our daily decisions. However, the neural underpinnings of object processing based on human value memory are not yet fully understood. Here, we used whole-brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine activations due to value memory as participants passively viewed objects before, minutes after, and 1–70 days following value training. Significant value memory for objects was evident in the behavioral performance, which nevertheless faded over the days following training. Minutes after training, the occipital, ventral temporal, interparietal, and frontal areas showed strong value discrimination. Days after training, activation in the frontal, temporal, and occipital regions decreased, whereas the parietal areas showed sustained activation. In addition, days-long value responses emerged in certain subcortical regions, including the caudate, ventral striatum, and thalamus. Resting-state analysis revealed that these subcortical areas were functionally connected. Furthermore, the activation in the striatal cluster was positively correlated with participants’ performance in days-long value memory. These findings shed light on the neural basis of value memory in humans with implications for object habit formation and cross-species comparisons.