bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Enantioselective Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylation
Authors: Roussel Solveig , Billard Thierry , Langlois Bernard R. , Saint‐James Laurent 
Published: December 2004

AbstractVarious trifluoroacetamides and trifluoromethanesulfinamides, derived from chiral silylated amino alcohols, have been synthesized with the goal of achieving enantioselective nucleophilic trifluoromethylation. The best results were obtained with (R)‐phenylglycinol derivatives, but the ee values did not exceed 30 %.
Colloidal ZnSe, ZnSe/ZnS, and ZnSe/ZnSeS Quantum Dots Synthesized from ZnO.
Authors: Chen Hsueh‐Shih , Lo Bertrand , Hwang Jen‐Yu , Chang Gwo‐Yang , Chen Chien‐Ming , Tasi Shih‐Jung , Wang Shian‐Jy Jassy 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New, Iterative Strategy for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Polyynes: Application to the Total Synthesis of 15,16‐Dihydrominquartynoic Acid.
Authors: Kim Sanghee , Kim Shinae , Lee Taeho , Ko Hyojin , Kim Deukjoon 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Direct Organocatalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reactions of α‐Amino Aldehydes: Expedient Syntheses of Highly Enantiomerically Enriched anti‐β‐Hydroxy‐α‐amino Acids.
Authors: Thayumanavan Rajeswari , Tanaka Fujie , Barbas Carlos F. III 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of N‐[2‐{(4‐Propionyloxyphenyl)thio}ethyl]propionamide (DIPCAP), a Tyrosine‐Dependent Cytotoxic Agent as a Topical Antimelanoma Therapy.
Authors: Coutts Lisa D. , Meckler Harold , Popp Karl F. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Pyrazoles from Trifluoromethylenaminones and Monosubstituted Hydrazines.
Authors: Touzot Aline , Soufyane Mustapha , Berber Hatice , Toupet Loic , Mirand Catherine 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1‐Phenyl‐3‐toluyl‐4‐ [ortho‐1′‐(N‐ethyl‐2′‐methylpropylamine)]phenylpyrazole, Synthesis and Evaluation of the in vitro Antifungal Activity Against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum.
Authors: Dardari Zainaba , Boudouma Mohammed , Sebban Abdelfatah , Bahloul Abdelmejid , Kitane Said , Berrada Mohamed 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Secondary and Tertiary Aminofurazans.
Authors: Sheremetev A. B. , Andrianov V. G. , Mantseva E. V. , Shatunova E. V. , Aleksandrova N. S. , Yudin I. L. , Dmitriev D. E. , Averkiev B. B. , Antipin M. Yu. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of Chromane Derivatives via Indium‐Mediated Intramolecular Allylation Reactions.
Authors: Cha Joo Hwan , Cho Yong Seo , Koh Hun Yeong , Lee Eun , Kim Yong‐Tae , Yang Hae‐Hun , Kang Han‐Young 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reaction of 4‐(N‐Furfuryl)aminobut‐1‐enes. New Approach to the Synthesis of 6,8a‐Epoxyoctahydroisoquinoline (3‐Aza‐11‐oxatricyclo[6.2.1.01,6]undec‐9‐ene) Derivatives.
Authors: Zubkov F. I. , Nikitina E. V. , Turchin K. F. , Safronova A. A. , Borisov R. S. , Varlamov A. V. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Biological Application of a New 1,2,5‐Oxadiazolo[3,4‐c]pyridine Moiety Fluorescent Marker.
Authors: Balasu Mihaela C. , Costea Ion , Fratila Raluca , Popescu Angela , Draghici Constantin , Szedlacsek Stefan E. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships of Uracil Derived Human GnRH Receptor Antagonists: (R)‐3‐[2‐(2‐Amino)phenethyl]‐1‐(2,6‐difluorobenzyl)‐6‐methyluracils Containing a Substituted Thiophene or Thiazole at C‐5.
Authors: Rowbottom Martin W. , et al. et al. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 6‐Hydroxy Derivatives of Steroidal Hormones by SeO2 Mediated Oxidation.
Authors: Strommer Rainer , Hoedl Claudia , Strauss Wolfgang , Sailer Reinhard , Haslinger Ernst , Schramm Hans Wolfgang , Seger Christoph 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nucleic Acid Related Compounds. Part 124. Azoles as Suzuki Cross‐Coupling Leaving Groups: Syntheses of 6‐Arylpurine 2′‐Deoxynucleosides and Nucleosides from 6‐(Imidazol‐1‐yl)‐ and 6‐(1,2,4‐Triazol‐4‐yl)purine Derivatives.
Authors: Liu Jiangqiong , Robins Morris J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New 7β‐(Benzo[a]dihydrocarbazolyloxyacetyl)‐Substituted Cephalosporins.
Authors: Rossello Armando , Orlandini Elisabetta , Nuti Elisa , Rapposelli Simona , Macchia Marco , Di Modugno Enza , Balsamo Aldo 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of 4‐Methylidenedioxolan‐2‐ones with 2‐Methyltryptamines. Synthesis of Core Analogues of Aurantioclavine.
Authors: Titov I. Yu. , Chernysheva N. B. , Bogolyubov A. A. , Semenov V. V. , Nenajdenko V. G. , Balenkova E. S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Growth of Neodymium Oxide This Films by Liquid Injection MOCVD Using a New Neodymium Alkoxide Precursor
Authors: Aspinall H.C. , Gaskell J.M. , Loo Y.F. , Jones A.C. , Chalker P.R. , Potter R.J. , Smith L.M. , Critchlow G.W. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThin films of gadolinium oxide, GdOx, have been deposited by liquid injection MOCVD using the volatile gadolinium alkoxide precursor, [Gd(mmp)3] (mmp = 1‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐2‐propanolate, OCMe2CH2OMe). Carbon‐free GdOx films were grown over a wide range of substrate temperatures (300–600 °C) on both Si(100) and GaAs(100) substrates. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) data indicated that GdOx films grown on Si(100) were amorphous at low deposition temperatures, and crystalline with a C‐type structure at growth temperatures of 450 °C and above. GdOx films grown on GaAs at 450 °C showed a strong preferred orientation, dominated by the (222) reflection.
Growth of Gadolinium Oxide This Films by Liquid Injection MOCVD Using a New Gadolinium Alkoxide Precursor
Authors: Loo Y.F. , Potter R.J. , Jones A.C. , Aspinall H.C. , Gaskell J.M. , Chalker P.R. , Smith L.M. , Critchlow G.W. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThin films of neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) have been deposited on Si(100) and GaAs(100) substrates by liquid injection MOCVD using the new neodymium alkoxide, [Nd(mmp)3] (mmp = 1‐methoxy‐2‐methyl‐2‐propanolate, OCMe2CH2OMe). The films were grown over a wide range of substrate temperatures (250–550 °C) and were found to be of high purity, with no detectable carbon. The films exhibited the cubic C‐type Nd2O3 phase or were amorphous depending on substrate temperature.
Seismic base‐isolation by use of a telescoping stepping mechanism
Authors: Martinez‐Rodrigo Maria D. , Luco J. Enrique 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA new base‐isolation mechanism corresponding to a variance of the stepping A‐shaped frame is proposed and its seismic performance is investigated numerically for strong ground accelerations with peak values in the range from 0.5 to 1g. In its simplest two‐dimensional form, the system consists of a frame with two telescoping legs pinned at the apex at a sharp angle. The legs are attached to the foundation through a spring and a damper acting in parallel. Both the springs and viscous dampers have bilinear characteristics that make them very stiff in compression but very soft in tension. As the structure rocks sideways, the length of the loaded leg remains essentially constant while the length of the unloaded leg increases. When the ground acceleration changes direction, the process is reversed. The resulting system has three main characteristics: (i) as the structure steps on a rigid leg, the maximum acceleration that can be transmitted to the superstructure is limited to a value which is approximately independent of the amplitude of the ground motion; (ii) there is a systematic lifting of the superstructure with kinetic energy being systematically transformed into potential energy during the strong phase of the ground motion; and (iii) the system is slowly self‐centering at the end of the earthquake. The seismic performance of the system is evaluated for a tall bridge pier and for a smaller frame that could be used in a multi‐story building. The results obtained for the 1940 El Centro ground motion scaled to 1g and for the near‐field Rinaldi ground motion recorded during the Northridge earthquake show that substantial reductions of the absolute acceleration can be obtained with reasonable relative displacements of the superstructure and small strokes in the isolation devices. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Green's function approach to deriving non‐reflecting boundary conditions in molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Karpov E. G. , Wagner G. J. , Liu Wing Kam 
Published: December 2004

AbstractComputer simulations of atomic scale processes in solids are often associated with the issue of spurious reflection of elastic waves at the boundaries of a molecular dynamics domain. In this paper, we propose an approach to emulate non‐reflecting boundary conditions in atomistic simulations of crystalline solids. Harmonic response of the outer, non‐simulated, region is accurately represented by a memory function, related to the lattice dynamics Green's function. The outward wave flow is cancelled due to work done by the corresponding response forces. Performance of method, dependent on a series of method parameters, is illustrated on a benchmark problem. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrosynthesis and characterization of o‐phenylenediamine oligomers
Authors: Angélica del Valle M , Díaz Fernando R , Bodini Mario E , Alfonso Geraldo , Soto Giovanny M , Borrego Euddy D 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe contribution of electrochemical methods to the development of conducting polymers has been most relevant, although the electropolymerization mechanism has not yet been totally elucidated. The formation of a high‐density oligomeric region in the electrode–solution interface has been clearly established as formed by oligomers with different chain lengths. It has been confirmed that, depending on the variables governing the process (applied potential, electrolysis time, concentration, etc), it is possible to control to some extent the oligomer to be generated. In this present work, the electrosynthesis of oligomers of o‐phenylenediamine is proposed. A saturated solution of the monomer was electrolysed at 0.95 V versus SCE over 1 min, using stainless steel as the working electrode material. Under these conditions, a mixture of the dimer and tetramer, relatively easy to separate by thin layer chromatography, was deposited. The products were characterized by mass spectrometry, UV–vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. This approach allows the synthesis of oligomers in a fast and simple way. In addition, the product is directly obtained on the electrode surface, hence making its separation and purification very straightforward. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Dependency of the shape memory properties of a polyurethane upon thermomechanical cyclic conditions
Authors: Hu Jin Lian , Ji Feng Long , Wong Yuen Wah 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe relationship between the shape memory properties and thermomechanical cyclic conditions was investigated with a type of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU). The thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of the polyurethane were examined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that the SMPU exhibited good shape memory effects (SMEs) at deformation temperatures ranging from Tg to Tg + 25 °C. The strain recovery ratios increased with the increase of deformation speed and with the decrease in maximum strain. The recovery ratios also increased with increasing fixing speed. Therefore, in practical applications, in order to obtain better SMEs, the SMPU should be cooled to its frozen state as soon as possible after being deformed at a high temperature. The ‘fixity’ dramatically increased with the decrease in fixing temperature. To obtain optimal SMEs, the polymer has to be reheated up to the temperature at which the polymer deformed. In addition, the recovery ratios of the SMPU could increase slightly with the increase of recovery time. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Density functional theory study of palladium‐catalyzed aryl‐nitrogen and aryl‐oxygen bond formation
Authors: Cundari Thomas R. , Deng Jun 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA density functional theory study of the kinetics and thermodynamics of Pd‐phosphine‐catalyzed heteroatom bond formation $${\rm ArX} + {\rm REH}_n \mathrel{\mathop{\kern0pt\longrightarrow}\limits_{{\rm [Pd]}}} {\rm ArE}({\rm H})_{n - 1} {\rm R} + {\rm HX}$$ was carried out. Individual steps in the catalytic cycle—ArX oxidative addition, REHn coordination, HX loss and ArE(H)n−1R reductive elimination and β‐hydride elimination—were investigated. The effects of modification of the ligand (PH3 versus PMe3), leaving group (X = Cl versus X = Br), heteroatom substrate (REHn = H2O and NH3), aryl (Ar = phenyl, p‐cyanophenyl, p‐aminophenyl, pyridyl) and metal coordination number (Pd(PH3) versus Pd(PH3)2) were investigated. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neutral polymer slow mode and its rheological correlate
Authors: O'Connell Robert , Hanson Helen , Phillies George D. J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractQuasi‐elastic light scattering spectroscopy intensity–intensity autocorrelation functions [S(k,t)] and static light scattering intensities of 1 MDa hydroxypropylcellulose in aqueous solutions were measured. With increasing polymer concentration, over a narrow concentration range, S(k,t) gained a slow relaxation. The transition concentration for the appearance of the slow mode (ct) was also the transition concentration for the solution‐like/melt‐like rheological transition (c+) at which the solution shear viscosity [ηp(c)] passed over from a stretched exponential to a power‐law concentration dependence. To a good approximation, we found ct[η] ≈ c+[η] ≈ 4, [η] being the intrinsic viscosity. The appearance of the slow mode did not change the light scattering intensity (I): from a concentration lower than ct to a concentration greater than ct, I/c fell uniformly with increasing concentration. The slow mode thus did not arise from the formation of compact aggregates of polymer chains. If the polymer slow mode arose from long‐lived structures that were not concentration fluctuations, the structures involved much of the dissolved polymer. At 25 °C, the mean relaxation rate of the slow mode approximately matched the relaxation rate for the diffusion of 0.2‐μm‐diameter optical probes observed with the same scattering vector. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 323–333, 2005
Reproduction and seasonal occurrence of the copper shark, Carcharhinus brachyurus, from north Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Lucifora Luis O. , Menni Roberto C. , Escalante Alicia H. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
The copper shark, Carcharhinus brachyurus, is the only member of its genus with a preferred habitat in temperate waters, and it usually gives birth in the cooler extremes of its range. Maturation patterns, reproductive condition, monthly sex ratios, and seasonal occurrence of copper sharks were analysed, mostly from Anegada Bay (Argentina), a presumed nursery area for the species. Males mature between 200 and 220 cm total length (LT), with a 50% size at maturity (L50) of 216.18 cm LT. Females mature between 215 and 223 cm LT (with an L50 of 222.16 cm LT). Maturity off Argentina is at a slightly smaller size than off South Africa and Australia. There is no sexual dimorphism in size at maturity. Only two pregnant females, each carrying 16 advanced embryos, were caught. The hepatosomatic index (IH) of adult males showed significant monthly changes, related possibly to an increase in the gonadosomatic index (IG). IH and IG of adult females showed no significant trend throughout the fishing season. The IH of adult females was significantly correlated with maximum diameter of ovarian follicles. Small translucent ovarian follicles in two gravid females indicated that ovarian and gestation cycles run sequentially, with maturation of oocytes subsequent to parturition. Neither newborns nor significant numbers of females bearing term embryos were recorded, and there was no evidence of a copper shark primary nursery area in Anegada Bay. However, most copper sharks in Anegada Bay were large juveniles and sub-adults. The species is found off Argentina from October to late March, but they do not move southwards to Anegada Bay until December, and they leave the bay again by April. These movements appear to be related more to water temperature rather than to migration of potential prey. Monthly variation in sex ratios is associated mainly with fluctuations in the sex ratios of juveniles.
Closed mitral valvotomy in pregnancy and labor
Authors: Aggarwal N. , Suri V. , Goyal A. , Malhotra S. , Manoj R. , Dhaliwal R.S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo study the feasibility and benefits of closed mitral valvotomy (CMV) during pregnancy.DesignProspective study from 2000 through 2003 to study the effect on maternal condition and perinatal outcome of closed mitral valvotomy during pregnancy were evaluated.MethodsEight pregnant women with severe mitral stenosis refractory to medical therapy had closed mitral valvotomy at different stages of pregnancy (one during labor).ResultsAll patients improved clinically (according to the New York Heart Association classification), and the mitral valve area increased. There was no mortality or major morbidity.ConclusionClosed mitral valvotomy offers excellent results and is cost effective during pregnancy. It is still the procedure of choice in poor countries when balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) is not affordable.
Product architecture assessment: a tool to link product, process, and supply chain design decisions
Authors: Fixson Sebastian K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractIncreasingly heterogeneous markets, together with shorter product life cycles, are forcing many companies to simultaneously compete in the three domains of product, process, and supply chain. Dependencies among decisions across these domains make this competitive situation very complex. To address this complexity, three‐dimensional concurrent engineering (3D‐CE) has been suggested ([Fine, C.H., 1998. Clockspeed—Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage. Perseus Books, Reading, MA.]). Applying 3D‐CE requires an operationalization of one of its core elements: the product architecture. In this paper, I develop a multi‐dimensional framework that enables comprehensive product architecture assessments. The framework builds on existing product characteristic concepts such as component commonality, product platforms, and product modularity. The framework's utility is illustrated with two example products, showing how individual product architecture dimensions link decisions across different domains. This framework can be used to focus advice for product design on product architecture dimensions that are critical for a given operational strategy, to assess advantages and limitations of operational strategies in conjunction with given product architectures, or to develop dynamic capabilities such as planning effective product–operation strategy combinations.
Entrepreneurial orientation as a basis for classification within a service industry: the case of retail pharmacy industry
Authors: Jambulingam Thanigavelan , Kathuria Ravi , Doucette William R. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractTo date, service classification research has primarily taken a macro view, creating service typologies or taxonomies by using dimensions such as customer contact or degree of labor intensity. Such classification schemes, though helpful in deciphering critical management issues and positioning strategies between service industries, tend to treat an entire industry, such as airlines, as a single homogenous entity. However, organizations in the same industry often use intangible resources, such as entrepreneurial orientation processes, to compete with one another. Resource‐advantage theory suggests that organizations utilize intangible resources to build long‐term strategies and a sustainable competitive advantage leading to superior performance. We developed organization clusters based on entrepreneurial orientation as intangible resources to classify organizations within a retailing industry. Using data from the retail pharmacy industry, we tested if the entrepreneurial orientations of the resultant groups within the pharmacy industry were related to their perception of the environment, organizational factors, and performance outcomes. The operationalization of the construct of entrepreneurial orientation is one of the contributions of the study.
Cell traffic between donor and recipient following rat limb allograft
Authors: Muramatsu Keiichi , Kurokawa Yoko , You‐Xin Song , Bishop Allen T. , Doi Kazuteru 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAlthough cell traffic from the graft into the recipient and from the recipient into the graft had been noticed in allogeneic organ transplantation, little is known following whole‐limb allografting. This study was conducted to define cell migration between donor and recipient. Sixty‐seven vascularized hind limb allotransplantations were performed in rat sex‐mismatched pairs and the recipient animals were treated with FK506 immunosuppression. The ratio of donor and recipient cells was evaluated by semi‐quantitative PCR using the specific primers of the Y‐chromosome. Allografted limbs had no rejection episode until the final assessment. The male recipient cells were detected in female limb grafts not at 1 week but at 48 weeks after transplantation. The male donor cells were detected in the humerus and tibia in the female recipient but not in the gastrocnemius muscle and leg skin. Our results demonstrated that recipient‐derived cells gradually migrated into the grafted bone, muscle and skin cells with the duration of time. Donor‐derived cells migrated into the healthy bones but not into the healthy muscle and skin. Because active regeneration occurs in the grafted limb to compensate graft damage secondary to ischemia and operative intervention, recipient‐derived cells may mediate a muscular and dermo‐epidermal renewal. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.