bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinocytoma: understanding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approaches
Authors: Al-Hussaini Maysa , Sharie Sarah Al , Sultan Hala , Mohammad Mona , Yousef Yacoub A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Retinocytoma, or retinoma, is a rare benign intraocular tumor primarily affecting the retina. It is often considered a precursor or a differentiated form of retinoblastoma, a malignant retinal tumor predominantly seen in children. Despite its non-aggressive nature and excellent prognosis, retinocytoma remains a significant area of interest due to its implications for genetic counseling, early detection, and management of ocular tumors. The pathogenesis of retinocytoma is closely linked to mutations in the RB1 gene, which plays a vital role in regulating the cell cycle. The detection of RB1 mutations in peripheral blood indicates germline disease, substantially elevating the risk of bilateral retinoblastoma development. Despite its benign nature, retinocytoma necessitates vigilant monitoring due to its potential to transform into retinoblastoma. Current treatment strategies primarily focus on observation and regular follow-up. However, more aggressive treatments are considered if malignant transformation is suspected. The prognosis is generally favorable, with most patients maintaining good visual acuity and a low risk of progression to retinoblastoma. We aim to present an up-to-date review on epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, macroscopic and histopathological features, diagnostic criteria, prognosis, and management strategies.
Stroke neurobiobanking and genomic research in Africa: a narrative review
Authors: Olajide Tobi , Okeke Sophia , Joshua Inioluwa , Femi-Lawal Victor , Ogungbemi Evelyn , Alemenzohu Hillary , Asogwa Chukwuebuka , Babawale Isaac , Olajide Gideon , Michael Anayo , Babawale David , Olawoye Oluwatomisin , Akinrinde Deborah , Ogundele Tosin , Ogundijo Deborah , Chikere Nnamdi , Ala Oluwapelumi , Akano Olatokun , Adeoti Sodiq , Igwe Stephen , Igwilo Joshua , Akinyemi Rufus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Stroke represents a significant public health challenge globally, with the African populations bearing a disproportionate burden of its impact. The 2019 update on global stroke statistics revealed a steady rise in stroke incidence across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), with LMICs accounting for the majority of stroke deaths and disability. Neurobiobanking and genomics have emerged as promising tools in stroke research, yet their integration remains to be developed in Africa. This narrative review provides an overview of stroke epidemiology, neurobiobanking and genomics integration in stroke research, aiming to synthesize existing knowledge and explore their potential contributions to personalized medicine in Africa.

Discussion
Neurobiobanking is pivotal for stroke research in Africa. This infrastructure facilitates research on stroke genetics and biomarkers, important for personalized medicine in stroke treatment. Understanding genetic factors independent of common risk factors like hypertension is essential for identifying stroke risk and recovery genes. Biomarker research is vital for comprehending stroke pathophysiology and developing targeted interventions. Establishing standardized protocols and ethical guidelines for sample collection is important to maintain the quality and integrity of neurobiobank samples. Initiatives like the Human Hereditary and Health in Africa (H3Africa) project have led to the establishment of biorepositories in Africa, such as the Integrated Biorepository of H3Africa Uganda (IBRH3AU) and the Institute of Human Virology Nigeria H3Africa Biorepository (I-HAB). Additionally, stroke-focused biobanks such as the IBADAN Brain Bank and the Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network (SIREN) are collecting brain tissues for research purposes. African populations exhibit a higher prevalence of hemorrhagic and small vessel ischemic stroke types. Candidate gene studies (CGS) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) have identified genes predisposing Africans to stroke, some of which are low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/2B (CDKN2A/CDKN2B), histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9), and AADACL2 gene, among others.

Conclusion
Stroke neurobiobanking and genomic research offer promising avenues for understanding stroke pathophysiology and developing personalized treatments. Collaboration, data sharing, and ethical considerations are important for progress. Advancing technology and translating research into clinical practice can improve the outcomes for stroke patients.
Metastatic extension of Ewing’s sarcoma to the right heart chambers: a rare case report
Authors: Ettagmouti Yassine , Hayar Salah-Eddine , Atlas Ilyas , Bennani Ghita , Haboub Meryem , Habbal Rachida 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is a common malignant bone tumor in adolescents and young adults. Its pelvic location is associated with a worse prognosis. Our case represents one of the rare instances in the literature involving an adult patient in whom the disease progressed fatally due to cardiac extension.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 31-year-old female patient who initially presented with swelling in her right lower extremity, which was found to be caused by deep venous thrombosis (DVT) extending from the iliac vein to the inferior vena cava. A thoracic-abdominal CT scan, performed as part of the etiological workup, revealed a tumor in the right hip bone with a malignant appearance, exhibiting both endo and exopelvic extension, and extending to the inferior vena cava (IVC) and right heart chambers. An echo-guided biopsy of the tumor mass confirmed Ewing's sarcoma. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to death due to the inoperability of the extensive tumor.

Conclusions
Ewing’s sarcoma can affect adults, presenting with late-onset or rapidly metastatic forms. In its extensive form, ES requires multimodal imaging to assess operability and is associated with a poor prognosis. This case report represents one of the rare instances in the literature of Ewing’s sarcoma metastasizing to the heart.
The “good enough” facilitator: elucidating the role of working alliance in the mechanism of facilitation
Authors: Yakovchenko Vera , Merante Monica , Chinman Matthew J. , Neely Brittney , Lamorte Carolyn , Gibson Sandra , Kirchner JoAnn , Morgan Timothy R. , Rogal Shari S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
While facilitation is a widely used implementation strategy with proven effectiveness, the development of the facilitator-recipient relationship, i.e., working alliance, has received limited attention. However, we hypothesize that working alliance may be part of the mechanism by which facilitation activates change. This study aimed to examine the associations between working alliance, facilitation, and change in clinical care in a hybrid type 3 trial of a manualized intervention, Getting to Implementation (GTI).

Methods
This concurrent triangulation mixed-methods study was conducted at 12 sites in a stepped-wedge trial. We collected surveys using the Working Alliance Inventory–Short instrument (WAI), which includes three subscales of goal alignment, task alignment, and affective bond, from three respondent types (clinical facilitator, evaluation facilitator, and site team members) after a year of intervention. Facilitation activity type and dose were tracked. Summative qualitative interviews with site champions and facilitators) elicited perceptions on working alliance, facilitation, and experiences with the intervention, and results were triangulated with statistical bivariate analyses. The associations between WAI and facilitation time, fidelity, and change in liver cancer screening rate (the primary trial outcome) were assessed.

Results
Across 12 sites, facilitators and site team members completed 21 interviews and 40 WAI surveys, with site aggregate average working alliance scores of 5.9 ± 0.4 on a seven-point scale. Bond scores were highest (6.1 ± 0.5), followed by Goal (6.0 ± 0.4) and Task (5.8 ± 0.5) scores. Overall and subscale scores differed by respondent type, with site respondents consistently rating items higher than facilitators, particularly in Task items. Fidelity to the GTI process (e.g., timely completion of steps and tools) was significantly positively associated with WAI scores overall (r = 0.41, p = 0.007) and subscale scores, including Goal (r = 0.39, p = 0.011), Task (r = 0.42, p = 0.006), and Bond (r = 0.33, p = 0.039). WAI scores were not correlated with facilitation time (dose). WAI scores overall and the Bond and Goal scores were significantly positively associated with sustained improvement in cancer screening rates (r = 0.57, p = 0.015).

Conclusions
In this implementation trial, working alliance between site teams and facilitators was positively associated with both fidelity and cancer screening outcomes and was notably independent of time spent providing facilitation. Findings highlight the importance of working alliance in implementation studies.

Trial registration
This project was registered at ClinicalTrials.Gov (NCT04178096) on 4/29/20.
The impact of Behcet disease on central auditory processing and cognitive functions
Authors: Abdel-Latief Osman Dina Fouad , Behiry Mervat Essam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Behcet disease (BD) patients process auditory information differently. Cognitive impairment has been found abundantly in BD patients.

Objective
To assess cognitive functions and central auditory processing (CAP) in BD adult patients.

Subjects and methods
Thirty-four adult BD patients participated with 34 age and gender matched normal individuals. All subjects were submitted to full history taking, basic audiological evaluation, Speech in Noise Test (SPIN), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and electrophysiological event-related potentials P300.

Results
The BD patients group had lower speech discrimination in noise scores, lower MMSE scores, longer P300 latencies, and decreased P300 amplitudes when compared to controls. Significant correlations were observed between MMSE, SPIN scores, P300 latency, amplitude, and the BDCAF scores.

Conclusions
Most BD patients have poor central auditory processing skills and poor cognition. The findings of the present study reveal the stagnating effect of BD on cognition and the CAP ability.
GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis: molecular mechanisms, diseases and therapeutic targets
Authors: Li Yujuan , Guo Bin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pyroptosis is a regulated form of inflammatory cell death in which Gasdermin D (GSDMD) plays a central role as the key effector molecule. GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis is characterized by complex biological features and considerable heterogeneity in its expression, mechanisms, and functional outcomes across various tissues, cell types, and pathological microenvironments. This heterogeneity is particularly pronounced in inflammation-related diseases and tumors. In the context of inflammatory diseases, GSDMD expression is typically upregulated, and its activation in macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, epithelial cells, and mitochondria triggers both pyroptotic and non-pyroptotic pathways, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and exacerbation of tissue damage. However, under certain conditions, GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis may also serve a protective immune function. The expression of GSDMD in tumors is regulated in a more complex manner, where it can either promote immune evasion or, in some instances, induce tumor cell death. As our understanding of GSDMD's role continues to progress, there have been advancements in the development of inhibitors targeting GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis; however, these therapeutic interventions remain in the preclinical phase. This review systematically examines the cellular and molecular complexities of GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis, with a particular emphasis on its roles in inflammation-related diseases and cancer. Furthermore, it underscores the substantial therapeutic potential of GSDMD as a target for precision medicine, highlighting its promising clinical applications.
Glycemic Targets and Prevention of Complications
Authors: Tsushima Yumiko , Galloway Nicholas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context
Complications of diabetes mellitus have significant impacts on morbidity, mortality, quality of life, and health costs for individuals. Setting and achieving glycemic targets to prevent these complications is a top priority when managing diabetes. However, patients often already have complications when diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, methods to prevent disease progression become a crucial component of diabetes management. The purpose of this article is to review glycemic targets and methods of screening and managing diabetes-related complications.

Evidence Acquisition
A PubMed review of the literature pertaining to diabetes mellitus, glycemic targets, microvascular complications, and macrovascular complications was conducted. We reviewed articles published between 1993 and 2024. Guidelines published by nationally recognized organizations in the fields of diabetes, nephrology, and cardiology were referenced. Public health statistics obtained by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Kidney Foundation were used.

Evidence Synthesis
Achieving glycemic targets and screening for diabetes-related complications at appropriate intervals remains the key factor for early detection and intervention. An algorithmic approach to glycemic management based on individual risk factors is beneficial in choosing pharmacotherapy.

Conclusion
The consequences of diabetes-related complications can be detrimental. However, achieving and maintaining glycemic targets combined with diligent screening, reduction of risk factors, and prompt treatment can halt disease progression.
Development model of halal concept integration based on sustainable village tourism
Authors: Aslamiyah Suaibatul , Aulia Rahmi Vembri 
Published: February 2025

Village tourism with halal tourism development is a tourism asset based on rural potential that can be empowered and developed as a tourism product to attract tourist visits and impact equitable development at the village level and the community's economy. This study aims to produce a halal tourism concept as an innovation in developing tourism activities in the Lontar Sewu tourist village to realize people's welfare during the Industrial Revolution. The method is qualitative and interpretative, and it is located in Hendrosari Village, Gresik Regency. Through content analysis, content, and strategic matrix instrument, it was found that the concept of a halal tourism model based on sustainable village tourism in Lontar Sewu Tourism, Hendrosari Village, Gresik Regency is based on the principle of maqashid sharia. Examining all the results of the matrix above, it can be found that the aspects of Hifz al-Din, Hifz al-Nafs, and Hifz al-Aql are the most important in the integration of the halal concept because they have the highest and most implementation value.

Keywords: Halal tourism, Maqashid sharia, Sustainable development, Strategy.
Reflorestar a subjetividade: d’A Metamorfose de Kafka ao devir em Meu tio o Iauaretê de Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Franco Ferraz Maria Cristina , Saint Clair Ericson 
Published: February 2025

Reflete-se acerca das metamorfoses e devires no campo histórico-político dos processos de subjetivação. A partir da transversalidade de saberes, em uma perspectiva ecológica, engendram-se caminhos para uma revitalização subjetiva. Com esse fim, convocam-se as contribuições ético-estéticas de duas ficções literárias: A Metamorfose, de Franz Kafka, e Meu tio o Iauaretê, de João Guimarães Rosa. Enquanto A Metamorfose denuncia ações tóxicas produzidas no âmbito de uma monocultura subjetiva, o texto roseano abre incontroláveis devires, indomesticáveis e ferozes, borrando as fronteiras entre humano e não-humano. Evocam-se múltiplas forças do vivo que plasmam outros regimes semióticos aptos a reflorestar a subjetividade, inventando novas linguagens, engendrando modos de ser.
Constelações de cumplicidades sinuosas entre mães e filhos gays
Authors: Marconi Dieison 
Published: February 2025

O ensaio conecta a memória pessoal e cultural do próprio autor a uma constelação de artistas gays que abordaram de modo autobiográfico os vínculos afetivos entre filhos homossexuais e suas mães. Trata-se de uma associação transnacional e trans-histórica entre literatura, cinema e artes plásticas a partir da obra de Abdellah Taïa, Édouard Louis, Roland Barthes, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Pedro Almodóvar, Caio Fernando Abreu, Xavier Dolan, Pedro Lemebel, Farnese de Andrade, Paulo Gustavo e Rainer Werner Fassbinder. Com isso, o ensaio passeia por cumplicidades sinuosas entre mães e filhos gays, esse vínculo em que tanto a designação de gênero da maternidade quanto a aparição da homossexualidade operam como corte e firmamento. Não se trata de extrair uma compreensão homogênea e psicologizante desses vínculos, mas de refletir, a partir da memória pessoal e cultural figurada nas artes, assim como a partir do gesto de narrar, a história social incorporada e subjetivada de ser mãe e de ser filho homossexual em processos de vinculação.
Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Arrhythmias Following Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Jin Jiafa , Huang Shen , An Minsheng , Tao Xiaoling 
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Pacemakers are essential devices for patients with cardiac rhythm abnormalities. However, the occurrence of arrhythmias after pacemaker implantation remains a clinical challenge. This study aimed to identify and analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of arrhythmias following pacemaker implantation to improve patient outcomes. Methods Clinical data of patients who received pacemaker implantation treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 137 patients were followed up for 12 months and then divided into two groups based on the occurrence of arrhythmias post-implantation: the occurrence group (n = 40) and the non-occurrence group (n = 97). General data, including gender, age, cardiac function indexes, and preoperative anxiety, were collected and compared. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of arrhythmia occurrence, while Spearman correlation analysis was employed to examine the correlation between cardiac function indexes and arrhythmia occurrence. Results Significant differences were found in age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the two groups (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between arrhythmias occurrence and preoperative LVEDD and LVEF (r = 0.270, 0.329; p < 0.01). Age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative LVEDD, and preoperative LVEF were identified as risk factors for arrhythmias (odds ratio [OR]) = 2.507, 2.479, 3.012, 2.432, 3.614, 4.525; all p < 0.05). Conclusion Age, history of hypertension, preoperative anxiety score, preoperative depression score, preoperative LVEF, and preoperative LVEDD are important influencing factors for arrhythmias occurrence, which are correlated with preoperative cardiac function indexes. Thus, preoperative observation utilizing these factors can provide a reference for screening high-risk groups.
Assessing the Predictive Significance of Carotid Ultrasound Parameters for Coronary Artery Disease: A 3-Year Single-Center Experience
Authors: Wang Qin , Li Jingchun , Cheng Jing 
Published: February 2025

Aims/Background Coronary angiography is a widely used invasive approach for diagnosing coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD). However, carotid ultrasound may predict CHD by assessing carotid atherosclerosis. Therefore, this study explores the predictive significance of carotid ultrasound parameters in accurately diagnosing coronary artery disease. Methods This retrospective analysis included 82 CHD patients who underwent carotid ultrasound scans at the Funan County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China, between July 2021 and February 2024. Based on coronary angiography results, patients were divided into the CHD (n = 48) and non-CHD (n = 34) groups. Differences in clinical data, biochemical indicators, and carotid ultrasound parameters were evaluated between the two experimental groups. Furthermore, correlation analysis assessed the association between ultrasound parameters and CHD occurrence and severity. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, followed by developing a CHD prediction nomogram model. Finally, the model’s performance was evaluated through analyses of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves. Results The CHD group had higher body mass index (BMI), smoking history, diabetes, total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG) levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, significantly higher intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque score and lower plaque echogenicity grey scale median (GSM) were observed in the CHD group (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between Gensini score and IMT, plaque score, and a negative association with plaque echogenicity GSM (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation revealed positive correlations between BMI, smoking history, diabetes, TG, TC, IMT, plaque score, and CHD diagnosis, and a negative correlation with plaque echogenicity GSM (p < 0.05). IMT and plaque score were identified as CHD risk factors and plaque echogenicity GSM as a protective factor (p < 0.05). The model based on carotid ultrasound parameters demonstrated high predictive performance for CHD, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.866 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.779–0.953). DCA and calibration curves supported the model’s accuracy. Conclusion Carotid ultrasound parameters differ significantly between CHD and non-CHD patients. The developed model using these parameters effectively predicts CHD occurrence, providing a valuable diagnostic alternative for coronary angiography.
The role of livelihood diversification in agricultural modernization among tribal farmers in Bangladesh: A binary logistic model approach
Authors: Tasnim Anika , Ahmed Jasim Uddin , Khan Md. Jahangir Alam , Al-Noman Md. Abdullah , Jannat Arifa , Islam Md. Monirul 
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of livelihood diversification on tribal farmers’ decision to adopt modern agricultural practices, while also examining the profitability of various agricultural practices and identifying key challenges and policy recommendations for enhancing the sustainability of tribal farming livelihoods in Bangladesh. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire during the month of February 2021 from 115 tribal farmers, followed by a simple random sampling technique. In the study area, only 9.57% of farmers were involved in crop cultivation. The study calculated that human labor cost was the highest in rice production (about 37%). The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of rice production, livestock rearing, and homestead gardening was estimated at 1.46, 1.41, and 1.09, respectively. Among all agricultural components practiced by the tribal farmers, rice production was more efficient than others. The binary logistic regression findings showed that livelihood diversification, age of the farmers, access to information, household income, and farming experience had a significant influence on the adoption decision of modern agricultural practices. Therefore, promoting livelihood diversification among tribal farmers is crucial for enhancing their resilience and income sustainability. This could include providing training, access to markets, and financial support for activities such as poultry and livestock rearing and non-farm enterprises like homestead gardening.