bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A System for Synthesizing Resveratrol Cocrystals Using Cocrystallization Techniques to Improve the Bio Availability of Resveratrol
Authors: Neerati Prasad , Gudimandula Rekhadevi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Sciatica, a debilitating condition arising from sciatic nerve pathology, presents challenges in its management due to its associated symptoms like radiating pain, muscle weakness, and paraesthesia. Current treatments methods often involve conservative approaches, including exercise, manual therapy, and pain management. However, there remains a need for more effective interventions that can alleviate symptoms and improve the overall quality of life for individuals suffering from this condition.Chronic Constriction Injury nerve pain induced rats received vehicle, resveratrol (50mg/kg) alone and with optimized cocrystal technology developed cocrystals of resveratrol (50 mg/kg) orally for 14 days. Thermal allodynia, cold allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia tests performed to all animals. Blood and nerve tissues were taken for further studies. In chronic constriction injury group significantly damaged the nerve cells, increased oxidative stress and declined reduced glutathione levels observed. Resveratrol reduced these effects, but much improved attenuation of sciatic pain reversal with cellular damage was resulted with cocrystals of resveratrol. The bioavailability increased by 3.73 folds, Cmaxincreased from 93.50 ± 11.29 to 349.00 ± 29.65ng/mL and AUC increased from 913.02 ± 79.09 to 2451.25 ± 569.65ng/ml/h with cocrystals of resveratrol a much better than resveratrol. The experiment showed promising results, wherein it is found out that the synthesized resveratrol cocrystals exhibits remarkable efficacy in mitigating sciatic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI), exhibiting potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The optimized development of resveratrol cocrystals with suitable conformers will be helpful in new drug development in the pain therapeutics with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics.
HER2-targeting CAR-T cells show highly efficient anti-tumor activity against glioblastoma both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhang Nianzhu , Li Xueying , Li Wenzhe , Zhao Lifen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults. Current treatment options for GBM include surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, which predominantly only slow cancer growth and reduce symptoms, resulting in a 5-year survival rate of no more than 10%. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a new class of cellular immunotherapies that has made great progress in the treatment of malignant tumors. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is over-expressed in GBM, and may provide a potential therapeutic target for GBM treatment. In this study, we constructed third-generation CAR-T cells targeting the HER2 antigen in GBM. HER2-CAR-T cells showed effective antitumor abilities both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, HER2-specific CAR-T cells exhibited strong cytotoxicity and cytokine-secreting ability against GBM cells in vitro. Anti-HER2 CAR-T cells also exerted increasing cytotoxicity from low to high effector-to-target (E: T) ratios. Importantly, anti-HER2 CAR-T cells delivered by peritumoral injection successfully stunted tumor progression in vivo. Moreover, peritumoral intravenous administration of anti-HER2 CAR-T exhibited a therapeutic improvement against GBM cells compared with intravenous administration. In conclusion, our studies show that HER2 CAR-T cells represent an emerging immunotherapy for the treatment of GBM.
A latch-based dynamic amplifier suitable for interpolation and pipelining
Authors: Nandi Timir , Hanumolu Pavan Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A latch-based dynamic amplifier is presented. The proposed amplifier is capable of achieving high reset gain to reduce the input-referred latch offset. Although in a traditional StrongARM latch, improvement in reset gain is accompanied by a subsequent degradation of the latch regeneration time constant, this trade-off is mitigated. Moreover, the proposed amplifier achieves high reset gain even in the presence of a strong reset switch, by performing explicit ‘integration’ of the input current. The proposed amplifier is suitable for interpolation and pipelining. It is used as a building block to achieve 16X interpolation factor in a flash ADC using four interpolating stages. The reduction in ADC throughput that accompanies classical interpolation methods is overcome by pipelining the interpolating stages. Fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process, the 6 b prototype ADC achieves a sampling rate of 4 GS/s, which is fastest among ADCs performing more than 2X interpolation.
Associations between the Choroid Plexus and Tau in Alzheimer’s Disease using an Active Learning Segmentation Pipeline
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Hu Yueqin , Xu Yunzhi , Feng Xue , Meyer Craig , Dai Weiying , Zhao Li 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), primarily generated by the choroid plexus (ChP), is the major carrier of the glymphatic system. The alternations of CSF production and the ChP can be associated with the Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present work investigated the roles of the ChP in the AD based on a proposed ChP image segmentation pipeline.
Methods
A human-in-the-loop ChP image segmentation pipeline was implemented with intermediate and active learning datasets. The performance of the proposed pipeline was evaluated on manual contours by five radiologists, compared to the FreeSurfer and FastSurfer toolboxes. The ChP volume and blood flow were investigated among AD groups. The correlations between the ChP volume and AD CSF biomarkers including p-tau, t-tau, Aβ42, and Aβ40 was investigated using three models (univariate, multiple variables, and stepwise regression) on two datasets with 806 and 320 subjects.
Results
The proposed ChP segmentation pipeline achieved superior accuracy with 27.8% and 24.9% higher Dice coefficient compared to the FreeSurfer and FastSurfer. Significantly larger volumes (p < 0.001) and higher perfusion (p = 0.032) at the ChP were found in AD compared to CN groups. Significant correlations were found between the tau and the relative ChP volume (the ChP volume and ChP/parenchyma ratio) in each patient groups and in the univariate regression analysis (p < 0.001), the multiple regression model (p < 0.05 except for the t-tau in the LMCI), and in the step-wise regression model (p < 0.021). In addition, the correlation coefficients reduced from − 0.32 to -0.21 along with the AD progression in the multiple regression model. In contrast, the Aβ42 and Aβ40 shows consistent and significant associations with the lateral ventricle related measures in the step-wise regression model (p < 0.027).
Conclusions
The proposed pipeline provided accurate ChP segmentation which revealed the associations between the ChP and tau level in the AD. The proposed pipeline is available on github://xxxx.
Survey analysis of patient satisfaction and sexual issues in the management of vulvar lichen sclerosus
Authors: Meyer-Wilmes Philipp , Wittenborn Julia , Kupec Tomáš , Caspers Rebecca , Stickeler Elmar , Iborra Severine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an underestimated chronic disease. It can cause significant symptom burden and sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction and current challenges in the management of VLS in a certified dysplasia unit, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This survey analyzed patients who had been diagnosed with VLS and treated at our DKG-certified dysplasia unit. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the University of Aachen. The questionnaire contained 43 questions covering general treatment, diagnostic delays, psychological and sexual issues and specific questions about the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire was distributed between January 2021 and September 2023.
Results
This study included 103 patients diagnosed with VLS who were treated at our certified dysplasia unit. Overall, 48% of the patients were satisfied with the success of the therapy. Most participants reported psychological problems (36.8%), fear of cancer (53.3%), or sexual restrictions (53.3%). Among the patients, 38% were bothered by the regular application of topical cortisone. However, 72% were willing to undergo treatment for more than 24 months. The COVID-19 outbreak in March 2020 had a significant negative impact on general VLS care from the patient’s perspective (3,83/5 before vs. 3,67/5 after; p = 0.046). There was a general request for booklets to inform and educate patients about their disease. Furthermore, the respondents demanded a telephone hotline to answer the questions and wished for follow-up visits via e-mail to cope better with their current situation.
Conclusion
This study highlights the need for more effective treatments for VLS and an increased awareness of psychological and sexual distress. To ensure patient well-being and satisfaction, it is imperative to offer individualized care in a team of specialists from various disciplines.
Can formal home and community-based long-term care replace informal care? Evidence from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Yang Wei , Wang Yixiao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Formal home and community-based long-term care (LTC) are often considered the preferable option for long-term care, offering older individuals the convenience of receiving care in their homes. Research indicates that these services may alleviate the burden on informal caregivers. However, there is a lack of clarity on which specific types of formal home and community-based LTC impact informal care provision. This study aims to address this research gap by exploring the unique effects that various formal home and community based LTC services have on reducing the burden of informal care.
Methods
This study draws upon data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2018. Employing fixed-effects and quantile regression models, this study investigates whether various forms of formal home and community-based care reduce care hours and associated costs of informal care for older individuals with functional limitations in China.
Results
Two specific types of formal care substantially influence the provision of informal care. The presence of daily living assistance services correlates with reduced informal caregiving hours, especially for those with extensive informal care needs. The availability of community-based health care services is linked to a decrease in the direct expenses incurred from informal caregiving, especially for those incurring greater direct caregiving costs. These negative effects are more prominent among urban residents. Other services, such as mental health support and legal advice services, do not demonstrate significant effects on alleviating informal care hours and costs.
Conclusions
Daily living assistance and community-based health care services in the community play a crucial role in benefiting the older individuals. It is important to prioritize the expansion of such services, while simultaneously addressing disparities in their distribution.
Unraveling the Metastatic Niche in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Gao Ziyu , Yang Meiling , Yang Ciqiu , Yang Dongyang , Cui Wenhui , Wu Dandan , Zhou Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is characterized by a unique metastatic pattern, often presenting with bone metastasis (BoM), posing significant clinical challenges. This study employs single-cell RNA sequencing and TCGA data analysis to comprehensively compare primary tumors (PT), lymph node metastasis (LN), and BoM. Our investigation identifies a metastatic niche in BoM marked by an increased abundance of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and reduced immune cell presence. A distinct subtype (State 1) of BRCA BoM cells associated with adverse prognosis is identified. State 1, displaying heightened stemness traits, may represent an initiation phase for BoM in BRCA. Complex cell communications involving tumor, stromal, and immune cells are revealed. Interactions of FN1, SPP1, and MDK correlate with elevated immune cells in BoM. CD46, MDK, and PTN interactions drive myofibroblast activation and proliferation, contributing to tissue remodeling. Additionally, MDK, PTN, and FN1 interactions influence FAP+ CAF activation, impacting cell adhesion and migration in BoM. These insights deepen our understanding of the metastatic niche in breast cancer BoM.
BMDB: a comprehensive database and web server for integrated single-cell bone marrow microenvironment transcriptomic data
Authors: Chen Jialin , Yu Hao , Bian Chunjing , Hu Yifei , Sui Ke , Zhang Xi , Wang Zheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The bone marrow (BM) niche is a specialized microenvironment housing the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and orchestrating hierarchical hematopoiesis pathways. However, understanding its molecular and cellular intricacies remains incomplete. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has developed into a powerful tool for investigation of BM niche heterogeneity and functional diversity.
Methods
Here, we present BMDB, the first dedicated web-based data resource of BM niche transcriptome and tools for interactive data analysis; available at http://bmdb.jflab.ac.cn:18083/app/bmdb.
Results
BMDB features two sections: (ⅰ) a well-managed database compiling 123,915 single cells derived from 45 healthy and 20 diseased samples and (ⅱ) versatile data analysis tools that allows users to perform customized analysis on built-in datasets and users’ data. BMDB also provides access to the aforementioned high-quality mouse and human single-cell reference atlases of the BM niche. The core objectives of the analysis module are to identify distinct cell types, delineate their developmental trajectories, and elucidate their potential roles in hematopoiesis, including molecular mechanisms.
Conclusion
BMDB will serve as a significant resource for the study of the BM niche by virtue of its extensive functionality and analytical capabilities.
Traumatic optic nerve avulsion and CRAO after gouging injury
Authors: Zhou Nalei , An Jianbin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This case report gives more attention to potential risky blindness, as the complication of gouging injury. The visual prognosis of traumatic ocular injuries varies so much. Optic nerve avulsion and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) are the most severe one with a grave prognosis, which was rarely described in the previous reports. In this rare case, Optic nerve avulsion and CRAO concurred after finger gouging by someone else.
Case report: A 22-year-old girl complained of visual damage in the left eye after finger gouging. On her first visit to our emergent center, her visual acuity was confirmed to be no light perception in the left eye, with normal intraocular pressure and quite anterior chamber. Slit-lamp examination revealed remarkable relative afferent pupil defect (RAPD) in the left eye. Fundus examination of left eye revealed hemorrhages around optic papilla, vitreous hemorrhage in the inferior vitreous cavity, white granular substance both in the front of the optic papilla and in the inferior vitreous cavity, retinal opacification at the macula area associated with segmentation of blood column. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated the missing of superior temporal quadrant of the optic papilla, thick fiber layer of the optic nerve, the intruding vitreous body prolapse into optic nerve sheath, and edema of the inner retina. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed the presence of cilioretinal artery, the delayed filling of central retinal artery, and blockage of fluorescence by preretinal hemorrhage in the left eye. Neither optic canal nor optic nerve sheath was observer to be discontinued on computed tomography. All these findings indicated that optic nerve avulsion and CRAO had occurred. We performed implosive high-dose intravenous corticosteroid therapy, but the response was not very well, without improvement of her visual acuity. Six months later, the visual acuity in her left eye was unchanged, and gliosis developed at the avulsion site.
Conclusion: The concurrent diagnosis of traumatic ONA and CRAO is such rare and severe, and the first sight diagnosis is very challenging. OCT and FFA can provide early diagnosis of traumatic ONA and CRAO. The prognosis of traumatic ONA and CRAO is very poor, even though with large dosage of steroid, the injuries will lead to permanent visual loss. This case highlighted the on-call ophthalmologist’s awareness of ONA and CRAO after gouging injury.
Establishment and application of a laboratory safety training system based on IBM Skills Model in medical University
Authors: Zhu Xunmin , Li Lu , Qiu Chuanyu , Xia Hanfei , Ma Changling , Ying Maijing , Yuan Zhuqing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Phenomenon:Laboratory safety training is very important because laboratory is the place for experimental teaching and scientific research in medical university. Due to the huge numbers of undergraduate students each year and the limited class hours, current laboratory safety training methods were not suitable to promote among them, moreover, the interdisciplinary knowledge for graduate students may beyond their understanding.
Approach:We developed a laboratory safety training system specificly for undergraduate students based on Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills (IMB) to overcome the actual difficulties. This training system was combined with online and offline studies not only offering knowledge of laboratory safety but fulfilling the pathogenic biology experimental course. At end of the semester, Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(KAP) surveys and statistical analysis was performed.
Findings:This training system had been conduced to grade 2020 and grade 2021 students of Guangzhou Medical University and received high admiration. We found that the practice(P) was positively correlated with knowledge(K) and attitude(A) (p<0.05). Aside from micro video and virtual simulation program, scientific comics were the most welcomed multimedia to assist study.
Insights: Knowledges and techniques students learned from the laboratory safety training system was not only critical for their current study but will benefit their future career.
First-line treatment for patients with advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer: PD-(L)1 inhibitors plus solvent-based or albumin-bound paclitaxel
Authors: Wang Xiaopai , Liu Shousheng , Li Xujia , Liu Xia , Chen Ping , Quan Qi , Huang Jinsheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: A direct comparison of programmed cell death-(ligand)1 (PD-(L)1) in combination with solvent-based paclitaxel (sb-paclitaxel) or albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) in advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently lacking. Therefore, we conducted this network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare these two combination regimens.
Methods: We systematically searched articles from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, as well as abstracts from ESMO, ASCO, and WCLC, to identify phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating first-line applications of PD-(L)1 inhibitors combined with sb-paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced squamous NSCLC.
Results: The present study consisted of 10 RCTs involving a total of 4352 patients. We compared ICIs+sb-paclitaxel to ICIs+nab-paclitaxel, PD-1+chemotherapy (chem) to PD-L1+chem, and different ICIs combination chemotherapy regimens. Our results revealed that compared to ICIs+nab-paclitaxel, ICIs+sb-paclitaxel exhibited a slightly better OS (hazard ratio (HR): 0.79, 95%CI: 0.58-1.08) and PFS (HR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.65-1.07), although the differences were not statistically significant. In contrast to PD-L1+chem, PD-1+chem markedly prolonged OS (HR: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.60-0.93) and PFS (HR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.66-0.96). In terms of the safety profile, there were no differences in the incidence of grade ≥3 TRAEs between ICIs+nab-paclitaxel and ICIs+sb-paclitaxel (RR: 1.05, 95%CI: 0.53-1.99), PD-1+chem and PD-L1+chem (RR: 0.93, 95% CI :0.68-1.28) as well as comparisons among various ICIs+chem regimens.
Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of ICIs+sb-paclitaxel is comparable to that of ICIs+nab-paclitaxel in advanced squamous NSCLC. However, ICIs+sb-paclitaxel exhibits a slightly improved PFS, OS, and similar safety profile, making it a potential preferred choice for first-line treatment.
Electroretinographic evaluations of bleb-related endophthalmitis after vitrectomy with 0.025% povidone iodine irrigation
Authors: Sakata Koki , Katsumoto Takeshi , Kumagai Tomoyuki , Shinoda Kei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Vitrectomy with 0.025% povidone-iodine (0.025% PI) in the irrigation solution was recently reported to be used to treat filtering bleb-associated endophthalmitis. However, iodine is known to be retinotoxic but it depends on its concentration. Electroretinography (ERGs) can be used to evaluate the retinal function, but the contact lens electrodes used to pick up the ERGs can affect the filtering bleb adversely. We performed ERGs with skin electrodes on eyes with bleb-associated endophthalmitis that had undergone vitrectomy with 0.025% PI irrigation.Case presentation: Case 1 was a 46-year-old man who underwent trabeculectomy for steroid induced glaucoma. One month postoperatively, a filtering bleb-associated endophthalmitis was suspected, and vitreal and subconjunctival injections of vancomycin (VCM) and ceftazidime (CAZ), and frequent antibiotic eye drops were started. After three days, an exacerbation of the endophthalmitis was observed and vitrectomy with 0.025% PI irrigation was performed. One month after the surgery, the visual acuity improved from hand movements to counting fingers. Pre- and postoperative ERGs recorded using skin electrodes showed an improvement in the a- and b-wave amplitudes and the b/a ratio was stable at approximately 2.0. Case 2 was a 63-year-old man who had undergone phacovitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy eleven years earlier and trabeculectomy for glaucoma five years earlier in the left eye. Five years after the surgery, the eye developed blebitis, and frequent antibiotic eye drops and subconjunctival injections of VCM and CAZ were performed. Three days later, vitreous opacities appeared and a high brightness area was observed in the B-mode echo images. A diagnosis of bleb-associated endophthalmitis was made, and vitrectomy with 0.025% PI irrigation was performed. The preoperative visual acuity was hand movements, and it improved to 0.01 one month after the surgery. Comparisons of the postoperative to the preoperative ERGs found that the a- and b- wave amplitudes increased and the b/a ratio was stable at approximately 1.5 postoperatively.Conclusions ERG recordings with skin electrodes are helpful for evaluating postoperative retinal function in cases of bleb-associated endophthalmitis. Vitrectomy with 0.025% PI irrigation is effective and most likely safe for the treatment of bleb-associated endophthalmitis.