bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Pediatric Patient Outcomes: An Interrupted Time Series (ITS) Approach to Explore the Impact of Rapid Response Teams in Reducing Unplanned PICU Admissions and Cardiopulmonary Arrests.
Authors: Al Harbi Samah 
Published: January 2024

Background: Pediatric Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) are expected to significantly lower pediatric mortality in healthcare settings. This study evaluates RRTs&#039; effectiveness in decreasing cardiac arrests and unexpected Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admissions.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study (2014-2017) at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, involved 3,261 pediatric inpatients, split into pre-intervention (1,604) and post-intervention (1,657) groups. The intervention entailed pediatric specialists collaboratively managing acute decompensations following set protocols.
Results: RRT was activated 471 times, primarily for respiratory distress (29.30%), sepsis (22.30%), clinical anxiety (13.80%), and hematological abnormalities (6.7%). Family concerns triggered 0.1% of activations. Post-RRT implementation, unplanned PICU admissions significantly reduced (RR = 0.552, 95% CI 0.485-0.628, P &lt; 0.0001), and non-ICU cardiac arrests were eliminated (RR = 0). Patient care improvement was notable, with a -9.61 coefficient for PICU admissions (95% CI: -12.65 to -6.57, P &lt; 0.001) and a -1.641 coefficient for non-ICU cardiac arrests (95% CI: -2.22 to -1.06, P &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analysis showed mixed results for PICU admissions, while zero-inflation Poisson analysis confirmed a reduction in non-ICU arrests.
Conclusions: The deployment of pediatric RRTs is associated with fewer unexpected PICU admissions and non-ICU cardiopulmonary arrests, indicating improved PICU management. Further research using robust scientific methods is necessary to conclusively determine RRTs&#039; clinical benefits.
Towards A Sustainable Transport System: Exploring Capacity Building for Active Travel in Africa
Authors: Lartey Desmond , Glaser Meredith A. 
Published: January 2024

The promotion of active travel is deemed a crucial component of the transition to sustainable urban mobility. Several barriers hinder its policy implementation and uptake. Some evidence suggests that capacity building could be a useful tool for deepening sustainability efforts. However, a clear framework for understanding the dimensions of capacity building for active travel is lacking. Most research and findings use cases within a Global North context, constricting implications and transferability to the Global South, especially to African cities. This study responds to the dearth of scholarly work exploring Global South cases and fills a knowledge gap regarding capacity building in the case of active travel.
Through a literature review, this study examines the dimensions of capacity building that are necessary to improve active travel in selected African countries. We focus on multilevel trans-portation governance, with highlights from five (5) African cities. Our findings suggest that the literature and policies on transport in Africa have key dimensions for capacity building for active travel but lack the introduction of key instruments and strategic pathways to meet these requirements for improved sustainable mobility. We propose a thematic guiding framework under three (3) levels of governance for integrating capacity building for active travel policies and implementation at institutional, individual, and environmental levels.
Pengembangan Media Cerita Bergambar Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Husna Zulfa A'yunul , Salimi Moh , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti 
Published: January 2024

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan pengembangan media cerita bergambar, (2) mengidentifikasi kelayakan media cerita bergambar, (3) menganalisis keefektifan penggunaan media cerita bergambar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RnD dengan model ADDIE (<em>analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluation)</em>. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara, observasi, angket, dan tes (<em>pretest</em> dan <em>posttest</em>). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis data kuantitatif, analisis data kualitatif, dan uji keefektifan media cerita bergambar (<em>n-gain</em> dan <em>effect size</em>). Hasil penelitian yaitu pengembangan media cerita bergambar ini melalui beberapa tahapan antara lain: <em>analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluation</em>. Media cerita bergambar ini berhasil dikembangkan, dibuktikan dengan hasil penilaian dari para ahli yaitu sebesar 88 % dengan kriteria sangat layak, hasil perhitungan <em>n-gain</em> pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 78,2 % dengan kriteria sangat efektif, hasil perhitungan <em>effect size</em> sebesar 1,81 dengan kriteria sangat besar, dan perbandingan persentase rata-rata keterampilan berkomunikasi siswa kelas ekperimen lebih tinggi dari pada persentase rata-rata keterampilan berkomunikasi pada kelas kontrol. Kesimpulan pada penelitian pengembangan ini media cerita bergambar layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman dan berkomunikasi siswa kelas IV.</p><div id="pip-toast"> </div><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses IPA Tentang Zat Tunggal dan Zat Campuran pada Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Fitrianingsih Iis , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah , Suryandari Kartika Chrysti 
Published: January 2024

<p>Penelitian ini mengulas tentang keterampilan proses IPA pada siswa kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan langkah penerapan model Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses IPA yaitu orientasi masalah, pengorganisasian, pembimbingan, penyajian hasil, dan analisis evaluasi pemecahan masalah. Subjek diambil dari guru dan siswa dengan berjumlah 28 siswa, dengan 11 siswa laki-laki dan 17 siswa perempuan. Data yang dipakai kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi. Alat pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi. Teknik uji validitas berupa triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan reduksi, penyajian, penarikan kesimpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase keterampilan proses siswa meningkat dilihat dari hasil observasi yang menunjukkan bahwa siswa telah berani berpendapat, berkomunikasi, dan bereksperimen Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses IPA tentang zat tunggal dan zat campuran pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Bumirejo tahun ajaran 2022/2023<strong>.</strong></p><div id="pip-toast"> </div>
Pengaruh Pola Asuh Demokratis Orang Tua dan Kepribadian Guru terhadap Karakter Siswa
Authors: Prasetyaningsih Astuti , Rokhmaniyah Rokhmaniyah , Husni Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

<p>Membentuk karakter siswa merupakan salah satu tujuan pendidikan nasional Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola asuh demokratis orang tua dan kepribadian guru terhadap karakter siswa kelas III SD se-Gugus Kartini Kecamatan Purworejo. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 191 siswa dengan sampel 129 siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji prasyarat, analisis regresi dan perhitungan koefisien korelasi dengan taraf signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian: (1) Ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pola asuh demokratis orang tua terhadap karakter siswa dengan persamaan regresi Y = 25,572 + 0,760X. Pengaruh pola asuh demokratis orang tua terhadap karakter siswa sebesar 44,8%. (2) Ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara kepribadian guru terhadap karakter siswa dengan persamaan regresi Y = 27,150 + 0,708X. Pengaruh kepribadian guru terhadap karakter siswa sebesar 53,1%. (3) Ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pola asuh demokratis orang tua dan kepribadian guru terhadap karakter siswa dengan persamaan regresi Y = 16,816 + 0,327X1+0,501X2. Pengaruh pola asuh demokratis orang tua dan kepribadian guru secara bersama-sama terhadap karakter siswa sebesar 56,9%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari ketiga variabel penelitian yaitu pola asuh demokratis orang tua, kepribadian guru, dan karakter siswa.</p>
Petroleum Potential and Organic-Matter–Oil Correlation in the Rocks of the Upper Riphean Iremeken Formation in the Kamo Arch of the Baikit Anteclise (Siberian Platform)
Authors: Boldushevskaya L.N. , Fadeeva S.V. , Goncharov I.V. , Trushkov P.V. , Samoilenko V.V. , Veklich M.A. , Krasil’nikova N.B. , Savchik D.M. , Rudaya G.U. , Turova A.B. , Nikolaeva Yu.L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
—A complex of laboratory studies of Riphean rocks and oils was carried out by the organic-geochemistry methods to construct a basin model for the Kamo arch of the Baikit anteclise of the Siberian craton. We compared the parameters of the organic matter (OM) and oils of the Upper Riphean Iremeken carbonaceous member by biomarker hydrocarbons. Analysis of the obtained chromatography–mass spectrometry data showed an unordinary group hydrocarbon composition of extracts from the OM and oils and low contents of cheilanthanes and steranes in them. Within the Kamo arch, the Upper Riphean Iremeken OM-enriched deposits with a high petroleum potential might have reached the peak of petroleum generation only in the deepest part of the Madra trough; thus, the traps could not be completely filled with oil. The distribution of tricyclic terpanes in the rock bitumens from the studied wells testifies to immature OM in the Iremeken Formation. However, in the most submerged zones of the Kamo arch and in the adjacent areas, oil was generated from the OM of the Iremeken Formation. This is evidenced by the oils of the Upper Iremeken Subformation in the Kuyumbinskoe field and the Ter’-Kamo license area.
Geochemistry of Crude Oils from the Bazhenov Horizon (West Siberia)
Authors: Fursenko E.A. , Kontorovich A.E. , Kostyreva E.A. , Padalko N.L. , Rodchenko A.P. , Ryzhkova S.V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
—The Bazhenov horizon is the main source rock stratum of the West Siberian petroleum province, which possesses significant resources of hard-to-recover hydrocarbons, making it a unique exploration target. The study summarizes geochemical data on crude oils (39 samples) collected from pools within the Bazhenov and Tutleima formations. A comparative analysis of the carbon isotope composition and geochemical parameters calculated from the composition of the identified saturated and aromatic compounds (pristane/phytane, C29/C27 steranes, C35/C34 homohopanes, tricyclane index, relative concentrations of dibenzothiophenes) confirm a common aquatic genotype of the studied oils and their genetic affinity to the organic matter of the same age. At the same time, significant variations in the main physical and chemical characteristics of the studied Bazhenov oils may be caused their fractionation during migration processes.
Molecular Integration in Neurological Diagnosis (MIND) Parkinson's Disease Inception Cohort Study Protocol
Authors: Tropea Thomas F , Hartstone Whitney , Amari Noor , Baum Dylan , Rick Jacqueline , Suh Eunran , Zhang Hanwen , Paul Rachel A. , Han Noah , Zack Rebecca , Brody Eliza M , Albuja Isabela , James Justin , Spindler Meredith , Deik Andres , Aamodt Whitley W , Dahodwala Nabila , Hamedani Ali , Lasker Aaron , Hurtig Howard , Stern Matthew , Weintraub Daniel , Vaswani Pavan , Willis Allison W , Siderowf Andrew , Xie Sharon X , Deerlin Vivianna Van , Chen-Plotkin Alice S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This is an inception cohort study protocol to enroll people with Parkinson's disease into a biobanking protocol at the clinic-wide level collecting clinical information and blood for future research use. The informed consent process includes optional recontact for future research studies, access to the medical record, and use of samples for future studies. Blood products (plasma and genomic DNA) are banked for future use. Clinical data is obtained through a questionnaire. Each visit lasts between 10-20 min between a clinical research coordinator and patient at the time of their return visit to the medical office. The strength of this protocol is the broad research enrollment across a whole clinic target for recruitment, optional consents for future research and access to the medical record. Weakness include the time needed for enrollment and limited clinical information collected.
MC-GAT: Multi-channel Graph Attention Networks for capturing diverse information in complex graph
Authors: La Zhiyao , Qian YuRong , Leng Hongyong , Gu Tianyu , Gong Weijun , Chen Jiaying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Much attention has been paid to Graph Attention Networks (GAT), which excel at various analytical tasks involving graph and network data. However, complex real-world networks have both edge topology and node features. GAT only relies on the topology of edges to extract network information, and the association between node features is underutilized, which may seriously hinder GAT's expressive ability on some tasks. In addition, the attention mechanism can automatically assign different weights to different pieces of information, making it easier to express information with multiple aspects. Therefore, we propose semi-supervised multi-channel attention networks (MC-GAT), which simultaneously extract node futures, topological structures, and their combinations. To create node embeddings containing various informational aspects, we then use the attention mechanism to assign weights to each of them. Extensive testing on benchmark datasets has shown us to be at our best. The performance of the proposed model is demonstrated by the fact that MC-GAT achieves relative maximum improvements of 4.22% for accuracy (ACC) on BlogCatalog and 5.23% for macro F1-score (F1) on UAI2010. The proposed model is available at https://github.com/123123-2/LZY/tree/main/AM-GCN-master.
Fight, Not Flight! Avoidant Behavior Strengthens Attentional Shift Toward Threat Stimuli During Anxiety
Authors: Sakemoto Natsuki , Tanaka Hideyuki 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Attentional systems prioritize threat-related stimuli, and this tendency increases with heightened anxiety. The detrimental effects of anxiety on perceptual and motor performance may result in part from this automatic mechanism in which attention is predominantly biased toward threat stimuli, that is, attentional bias. Understanding the relationship between attentional bias and motor control systems is expected to aid in the development of methods to cope with anxiety in athletic situations. With this in mind, the present study investigated how the difference in behavioral goals affects attentional control against threat-related stimuli during induced anxiety. Participants performed a visual probe task, with half responding to the probe target in hit mode and half in avoidance mode. Anxiety levels were manipulated using a threat-of-shock method. Threatening conditions increased the degree of attentional bias toward negative information compared to safe conditions for the avoidance action goal but had no effect on the hit action goal. The differences in fight-or-flight behavioral goals, represented by hit or avoidant actions, were found to interact with state anxiety, resulting in the different degrees of attentional bias toward threat stimuli. Avoidance behavior may strengthen the relationship between attentional bias and anxiety. These findings suggest a hypothesis that when anxiety increases, deliberate efforts to avoid threatening stimuli would rather worsen perceptual and motor performance.
A dynamical interpretation of the intensification of the winter North Atlantic jet stream in reanalysis
Authors: Verger Alejandro Hermoso , Riviere Gwendal , Harvey Ben , Methven John , Schemm Sebastian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Jet streams play an important role in determining weather variability and extremes. A better understanding of the mechanisms driving changes in the jet is essential to successfully anticipate extreme meteorological events. This study analyzes the intensification trend of the North Atlantic jet using the ERA5 reanalysis and investigates the dynamical mechanisms involved. The results highlight the importance of an increase in diabatic heating in the free troposphere below the jet entrance over the Gulf Stream sector. This change in diabatic heating modifies the jet directly and produces a local intensification and a slight poleward shift. A two-dimensional frontal-geostrophic model illustrates this mechanism by considering the enhanced diabatic heating associated with the baroclinic growth of extratropical cyclones. The change in diabatic heating also affects the jet indirectly by increasing the mean baroclinity and subsequent eddy momentum flux convergence. This indirect mechanism has also an effect downstream, where there is an acceleration of the jet core and reduced westerlies along the flanks, reducing the width of the jet. An idealized warming experiment confirms this mechanism by determining the jet response downstream of an idealized land-sea contrast. Finally, using an ensemble of fully-coupled climate simulations, we show that the uncertainty in the evolution of the North Atlantic jet is related to a large spread in the position of the upper-level increase in baroclinicity. What emerges from the model hierarchy is a consistent dynamical chain of mechanisms associated with the intensification trend of the North Atlantic jet stream not captured by climate models.
The prevention process of anammox inhibited by nitrite: cannot by change the external conditions, turning inward to enhance the antifragility of anammox bacteria
Authors: Ma Bin , Li Beiying , Liu Conghe , Su Run , Wei Yan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

To minimize the effect of nitrite inhibition and increase the antifragile of anammox reactor, exposing partially sludge to high nitrite in a side-stream unit to enhance nitrite tolerance of anammox sludge. In this study, anammox reactor with the side-stream unit reduced by 56.04% in nitrogen removal rate (NRR) with initial 30 mg·L-1 nitrite exposure, while increased 33.3% with later 100 mg·L-1 exposure. The sludge subjected to nitrite exposure exhibited enhanced levels of tolerance, with the specific anammox activity (SAA) was 16.81 times higher compared to the non-exposed sludge. The NRR decrease rate of reactor equipped with side-stream unit was twice times slower to response nitrite shock. After nitrite exposure, the dominant anammox bacteria shifted to Candidatus Jettenia. BugBase predicted functional results suggest that anammox sludge may adapt to nitrite by reducing potentially pathogenic. In conclusion, a novel strategy for enhancing operational stability of the anammox system was proposed.
A procedure for temperature-sensitive, fluorescence-active carrageenan nanogel using disoriented conformation of carrageenan with de-solvating agent.
Authors: purohit Priyank , Bhatt Akanksha , Kailkhura Shashank 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Polymers, in their grafted and derivatized forms, are frequently used in medical research due to their unique properties as diagnostic, targeted, sustained, and regulated carriers. The method of iota carrageenan nanogel has been developed in this invention. The method is based on solubility, which was first investigated using the solvent screening technique. The de-solvating agent was then used to reduce the particle size and produce the gel in nano form, moreover, the viscosity and other physical properties were evaluated. Furthermore, it was compared to the basic gel, which was formed by adding polymer to hot water without any additional procedures, as opposed to the nano gel. The nanogel has an advantage over the regular gel due to its increased stability, fluorescence activity, and other favorable qualities. The special benefit of nanogel was discovered to be that it is an effective spreader material due to its low gel point and viscosity. The breakthrough technique that depends just on temperature and desolation without the need for crosslinking compounds will be more ecologically friendly and advantageous to polymer scientists, particularly in the domain of medical science.
Effect of in-line filtration in newborns. Study protocol of the Intravenous Neonatal Central Access Safety (INCAS) randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Cresi Francesco , Maggiora Elena , Capetti Cecilia , Capitanio Martina , Ferroglio Mattia , Spada Elena , De Matteis Francesca , Cosimi Sara , Mosca Fabio , Coscia Alessandra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Particulate contamination due to infusion therapy (administration of parenteral nutrition and medications) carries a potential health risk for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This particulate consists of metals, drug crystals, glass fragments or cotton fibers and can be generated by drug packaging, incomplete reconstitution and chemical incompatibilities. In line-filters have been shown to remove micro-organisms, endotoxin, air and particles in critically ill adults and older infants, but its benefits in newborn remain to be demonstrated. Moreover, 50% of inflammatory episodes in the setting of NICUs are blood culture-negative. These episodes could be partly related to the presence of particles in the infusion lines.
Methods: A multicenter randomized single-blind controlled trial was designed. All infants admitted to NICUs for which prolonged infusion therapy is expected will be enrolled in the study and randomized to the Filter or Control arm. All patients will be monitored until discharge, and data will be analyzed according to a “full analysis set”. The primary outcome is the frequency of patients with at least one sepsis-like event, defined by any association of suspected sepsis symptoms with a level of c-reactive protein (CRP) > 5mg/L in a negative-culture contest. The frequency of sepsis, phlebitis, luminal obstruction, and the duration of mechanical ventilation and of catheter days will be evaluated as secondary outcomes. The sample size was calculated at 368 patients per arm.
Discussion: This is the first multicenter randomized control trial that compares in-line filtration of parenteral nutrition and other intravenous drugs to infusion without filters. Sepsis-like events are commonly diagnosed in clinical practice and are more frequent than sepsis in a positive culture contest. The risk of these episodes in the target population is estimated at 30-35%, but this data is not confirmed in the literature. If the use of in-line filters results in a significant decrease in sepsis-like events and/or in any other complications, the use of in-line filters in all intravenous administration systems may be recommended in NICUs.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05537389. Registered on 12 September 2022.
Changes in the shape of carrageenan molecules, from bricks to nanospheres with unique procedures
Authors: Bhatt Akanksha , Kailkhura Shashank , purohit Priyank 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The interactions between the polymer's surface area and kinetic behaviors make the polymer's size, shape, and related properties of concern to polymer scientists. Polymers, especially when grafted or derivatized to improve their diagnostic, targeted, sustained, or controllable carrying capacities, are a strong selling point. In this investigation, we characterize iota-carrageenan power as it is used to fabricate a brick-shaped and spherical nanoparticle. Our previous work with solvent screening led us to the discovery of the solubility, ionic effect, and desolvation process upon which our newly developed methodology is based. The de-solvating agent's effect was responsible for the smaller particle size. The particles' sizes and shapes were compared to one another and correlated with their potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry. The size progression from powder to nanosphere is difficult, but maintaining the high surface energy (brick shape) bearing shape is more difficult. This is the focus of the current research.