bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advancements in Prevalent Practices for Plant Cultivation by Hydroponics
Authors: Srivastava Utkarsha , Mathur Ashwani 
Published: October 2023

Many plant-derived products are well known to possess therapeutic properties along with minimum side effectsand relatively competitive efficacies as compared to other chemical counterparts/analogs. Herbal drugs are therefore now widely accepted owing to their long-lasting impact. However, the role of cultivation conditions and associated biotic and abiotic parameters are paramount in affecting the yield of phytocompounds among cultivated plants. Moreover, with the increasing burden on cultivable land available for the production of cash crops, medicinal plants require alternative techniques of propagation for meeting commercial demands without adversely affecting their yield of phytocompounds and their therapeutic potential. Regulating the biotic and abiotic parameters using several methods of propagation (viz. vegetative and plant tissue culture) is instrumental in attaining the desired yield in the harvest. The major drawbacks of these techniques are lack of skilled labour and high monetary expense. Alternative techniques, such as hydroponics and aeroponics are pivotal to overcoming these disadvantages. The ‘Hydroponics’ technique involves plant cultivation in a soil-less nutrient medium. This method offers major advantages over the conventional techniques being more economical and independent of seasonal variations besides eliminating the influence of soil-microbe interactions on the development of plants. This technique is under continuous investigation and improvement with recent advances being made in the inter-disciplinary approaches for improving the technique by the addition of IoT and cloud computing along with other conventional techniques such as vertical farming forhydroponic systems and the development of hybrid models.
Semantic micro-dynamics as a reflex of occurrence frequency: a semantic networks approach
Authors: Baumann Andreas , Hofmann Klaus , Marakasova Anna , Neidhardt Julia , Wissik Tanja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article correlates fine-grained semantic variability and change with measures of occurrence frequency to investigate whether a word’s degree of semantic change is sensitive to how often it is used. We show that this sensitivity can be detected within a short time span (i.e., 20 years), basing our analysis on a large corpus of German allowing for a high temporal resolution (i.e., per month). We measure semantic variability and change with the help of local semantic networks, combining elements of deep learning methodology and graph theory. Our micro-scale analysis complements previous macro-scale studies from the field of natural language processing, corroborating the finding that high token frequency has a negative effect on the degree of semantic change in a lexical item. We relate this relationship to the role of exemplars for establishing form–function pairings between words and their habitual usage contexts.
Academic adjustment of international students studying in South Korea: the Global Korea Scholarship program perspective
Authors: Vanchinkhuu Narangerel , Shin Yousun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe study was to investigate the academic adjustment of international students studying in South Korea under the Global Korea Scholarship Program. Previous research has shown that academic adjustment is linked to the achievement and satisfaction of international students at higher education institutions. Two research questions shaped the current study: (1) examining the correlations between the variables included in the study and (2) identifying the significant variables that contributed to international students’ academic adjustment. The Multicultural Personality Survey and Academic Adjustment Survey were utilized as the primary instruments and were administered online over one and a half months. A total of 100 participants from diverse demographic backgrounds were involved in the data collection. Correlational analysis and regression analysis were employed to answer the two research questions. The results of the correlational analysis revealed that there were higher correlations observed between multicultural personality and GPA, preferred language and multicultural personality, as well as multicultural personality and the Academic Adjustment Survey. Additionally, the regression analysis indicated that Korean language proficiency and preferred language proficiency emerged as significant variables that impacted international students’ academic adjustment. The results provided further insights into the factors contributing to academic adjustment among international students in South Korea.
Audience Democracy 2.0: Re-Depersonalizing Politics in the Digital Age
Authors: Broučková Kristina , Kubíková Kateřina Labutta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to explore the changes that representative democracy is experiencing as a result of the transformation of communication channels. In particular, it focuses on non-electoral representation in the form of movements that emerged throughout the 2010s and that were defined by a strong social media presence (e.g. Occupy Wall Street, Black Lives Matter, #MeToo, Yellow Vests). Despite not attempting to gain political power via elections, these movements, through online and offline activities, nonetheless managed to shape the realm of politics. The paper thus analyzes the movements’ inner representative dynamics and the ways they reshape representative democracy. It engages with a critical reading of Hanna Pitkin’s concept of symbolic representation and draws on Michael Saward’s framework of the representative claim to reevaluate Bernard Manin’s notion of “audience” democracy as today’s form of representative government. The argument is that, as digital development provides citizens with less demanding modes of political participation and platforms of representative claim-making, it enhances the sphere of opinion formation and the role of non-electoral representation. This sphere entails a tendency towards a re-depersonalization of politics, thus leading towards the transformation of “audience” democracy.
Orchestrating listening in EMI university lectures: how listening proficiency and motivation shape students’ use of metacognitive listening strategies
Authors: Zhou Sihan , Bai Barry , Hao Yuanyue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent research has called for cultivating strategic learners in globally expanding English medium instruction (EMI) university programs, so as to help them effectively orchestrate resources to handle the challenging task of learning subject knowledge through an L2. EMI studies exploring students’ strategies have thus far primarily categorized strategy types, with scant research investigating what key learner variables affect their strategic choices. This study focuses on students’ use of metacognitive listening strategies during EMI lectures, and explores how their strategic preferences differ across three groups of English listening proficiency and are influenced by motivational beliefs of self-efficacy, goal orientation, and task value. Results of ANOVA tests and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis of students’ questionnaire responses (N = 412) revealed significant variations in strategy types across different proficiency levels. Although students were found to be highly motivated by extrinsic goals and utility-based task values, these motivational beliefs failed to significantly predict any metacognitive strategy use. Both intrinsic learning goals and self-efficacy significantly predicted the use of directed attention, problem solving, and plan-evaluation strategies, highlighting the pedagogical needs to foster these motivational beliefs of students in EMI university programs to help them become strategic and independent listeners in academic lectures.
Generalized Lie n-derivations on arbitrary triangular algebras
Authors: Yuan He , Liu Zhuo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, we consider generalized Lie

n

n

-derivations of an arbitrary triangular algebra

T

T

through the constructed triangular algebra

T

0

{T}_{0}

, where

T

0

{T}_{0}

is constructed using the notion of maximal left (right) ring of quotients.
Interfacing differently oriented biaxial van der Waals crystals for negative refraction
Authors: Liu Ruey-Tarng , Huang Chia-Chien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Negative refraction has a wide range of applications in diverse fields such as imaging, sensing, and waveguides and typically entails the fabrication of intricate metamaterials endowed with hyperbolic features. In contrast to artificially engineered hyperbolic materials, natural van der Waals (vdW) materials are more accessible owing to their inherent strong in-plane covalent bonding and weak interlayer interactions. However, most vdW materials manifest uniaxial crystal properties, which restrict their behavior solely to out-of-plane hyperbolicity. This characteristic poses a considerable challenge to their seamless integration via planar fabrication techniques, unless a suitable pattern is employed. Recent advances have identified natural biaxial α-MoO3 as a promising vdW material capable of exhibiting in-plane hyperbolicity. In this study, we performed numerical simulations demonstrating that negative refraction could be achieved by interfacing differently oriented α-MoO3 slabs coated with tunable graphene on a gold substrate. Our comprehensive analysis yielded three notable outcomes: negative refraction, simultaneous positive and negative refractions, and diffractionless propagation. These outcomes could be operated in a broad range of frequencies and achieved at all angles to offer a superior platform for the flexible manipulation of mid-infrared polaritons. Our findings provide valuable insights into the potential application of other two-dimensional vdW materials for advances in nanoscale super-resolution imaging, molecular sensing, and on-chip photonic integrated circuits.
Numerical simulation on the mixing behavior of double-wave screw under speed sinusoidal pulsating enhancement induced by differential drive
Authors: Liu Tian-lei , Du Yao-xue , He Xian-yun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A novel speed sinusoidal pulsating system is designed by applying differential drive, which is loaded on the plasticizing screw in an extruder or in an injection molding machine. With the CFD software ANSYS POLYFLOW 19.2, this paper builds simplified physical and mesh models for the double wave screw unit, carries out numerical simulation by using particle tracing manner, and finally analyses comparatively the mixing behavior of the wave screw mixing unit with and without sinusoidal pulsating field. It is found that the mixing screw unit with the superimposed excitation field takes on lower transportation efficiency and a descending melt pressure, while there are different reactions on the various pulsating amplitude and frequency for the max shear rate and mixing index. On the other hand, the introducing pulsating field can strengthen the shear field and gain a higher mixing efficiency. The results are of great importance and reference for improving the plasticizing performance and engineering application of the speed pulsating system.
7-Day National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale as a surrogate marker predicting ischemic stroke patients’ outcome following endovascular therapy
Authors: Lai Yuzheng , Jou Eric , Mofatteh Mohammad , Nguyen Thanh N. , Ho Jamie Sin Ying , Diana Francesco , Dmytriw Adam A. , He Jianfeng , Yan Wenshan , Chen Yiying , Yan Zile , Sun Hao , Yeo Leonard L. , Chen Yimin , Zhou Sijie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Early neurological deterioration after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is associated with poor prognosis. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score measured at 24 h after EVT may be a better outcome predictor than other methods that focus on changes in NIHSS. Nevertheless, clinical fluctuations in ischemic stroke patients during the immediate phase after symptoms onset are well recognized. Therefore, a delayed NIHSS evaluation may improve prognostic accuracy. We evaluate the 7-day NIHSS in predicting long-term patient outcomes after EVT.

Methods
This was a multi-center retrospective cohort study of 300 consecutive ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion who underwent EVT at three-stroke centers in China from August 2018 to March 2022. NIHSS was recorded on admission, pre-EVT, 24 h, and 7 days after EVT.

Results
A total of 236 eligible patients were subdivided into two groups: 7-day NIHSS ≤6 and NIHSS >6 post-EVT. 88.29% achieved a favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) in the NIHSS ≤6 group compared to 15.20% in the NIHSS >6 group at 90 days, and an improved favorable outcome in the former group was observed after adjusting for potential confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio 39.7, 95% confidence interval, 17.5–89.7, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The 7-day NIHSS score may be a reliable predictor of 90-day stroke patient outcome after EVT.
Der wirtschaftliche Griff in die Kiste
Authors: Breuling Georg , Kulessa Philipp , Schwartzen Lena , Kuhlenkötter Bernd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Die Produktion von technischen Systemen erfordert in Zeiten von Versorgungsengpässen, Personalmangel und fluktuierender Nachfrage ein hohes Maß an Anpassungsfähigkeit. Deshalb gilt es zu untersuchen, ob kollaborative Leichtbau-Roboter (MRK-Roboter) als Ausgleichsmöglichkeit wirtschaftlich sinnvoll für komplexe Handhabungsvorgänge, wie den Griff in die Kiste, eingesetzt werden können. Im Rahmen einer systematischen Eignungsanalyse konnte gezeigt werden, dass die erreichte Taktzeit von 7,84 Sekunden für die Vereinzelung und Montage einer Fugendüse industrielle Anforderungen von 3 bis 4 Sekunden bisher nicht erfüllen konnte. Weiterführende Optimierungen könnten diese Zeit jedoch auf ca. 4,60 Sekunden und somit annähernd auf das geforderte Intervall senken.
Wasserstoffeinsatz im Haushalts- und Gebäudesektor
Authors: Gramberg Till , Wendt Janek , Mais Franziska , Jelschow Vladimir , Gross Erwin , Sauer Alexander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dieser Beitrag untersucht das Potenzial von grünem Wasserstoff im Haushalts- und Gebäudesektor für die Region Schwarzwald. Dazu wurde eine Bedarfsanalyse auf Basis bestehender Studien durchgeführt, die die potenzielle Nachfrage in drei verschiedenen Szenarien (Negativ, Trend und Positiv) ableitet. Durch eine qualitative und quantitative Datenerhebung wurden Hypothesen von Expert:innen den drei Szenarien zugeordnet und eine Roadmap mit Handlungsmaßnahmen für einen positiven Markthochlauf aufgestellt.
Stabilizing Immature Dendritic Spines in the Auditory Cortex: A Key Mechanism for mTORC1-Mediated Enhancement of Long-Term Fear Memories
Authors: Concina Giulia , Gurgone Antonia , Boggio Elena M. , Raspanti Alessandra , Pizzo Riccardo , Morello Noemi , Castroflorio Enrico , Pizzorusso Tommaso , Sacchetti Benedetto , Giustetto Maurizio 
Published: October 2023

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has emerged as a key molecular mechanism underlying memory processes. Although mTOR inhibition is known to block memory processes, it remains elusive whether and how an enhancement of mTOR signaling may improve memory processes. Here we found in male mice that the administration of VO-OHpic, an inhibitor of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) that negatively modulates AKT-mTOR pathway, enhanced auditory fear memory for days and weeks, while it left short-term memory unchanged. Memory enhancement was associated with a long-lasting increase in immature-type dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons into the auditory cortex. The persistence of spine remodeling over time arose by the interplay between PTEN inhibition and memory processes, as VO-OHpic induced only a transient immature spine growth in the somatosensory cortex, a region not involved in long-term auditory memory. Both the potentiation of fear memories and increase in immature spines were hampered by rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTORC1. These data revealed that memory can be potentiated over time by the administration of a selective PTEN inhibitor. In addition to disclosing new information on the cellular mechanisms underlying long-term memory maintenance, our study provides new insights on the molecular processes that aid enhancing memories over time.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe neuronal mechanisms that may help improve the maintenance of long-term memories are still elusive. The inhibition of mammalian-target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling shows that this pathway plays a crucial role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. However, whether its activation may strengthen long-term memory storage is unclear. We assessed the consequences of positive modulation of AKT-mTOR pathway obtained by VO-OHpic administration, a phosphatase and tensin homolog inhibitor, on memory retention and underlying synaptic modifications. We found that mTOR activation greatly enhanced memory maintenance for weeks by producing a long-lasting increase of immature-type dendritic spines in pyramidal neurons of the auditory cortex. These results offer new insights on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that can aid enhancing memories over time.
Érase una vez un cuento… ¡musical! Criterios para su uso en la iniciación a la música
Authors: Álvarez Cortizo Laura , Casals Ibáñez Albert , González Martín Cristina 
Published: October 2023

El cuento musical se dibuja como una herramienta muy útil en contextos de iniciación musical, pero ¿se aprovecha el potencial educativo y motivador de estos cuentos en la enseñanza especializada de la música? La iniciación musical suele llevarse a cabo en el ámbito de las enseñanzas no regladas, donde encontramos un déficit de investigaciones y experiencias publicadas que nos permiten conocer los recursos más utilizados, entre ellos el cuento musical.
La investigación que se presenta busca extraer algunas claves para la inclusión del cuento musical en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la música. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas y grupos de discusión con expertos, analizándose sus aportaciones en relación a una definición de cuento musical y a las directrices para la elaboración y el uso de éstos en el ámbito de la iniciación a la música. Los resultados permiten conocer cuáles son los elementos que deben subyacer en una propuesta didáctica que, partiendo de un cuento musical que funcione como hilo conductor, implique un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje significativo de la música.
Youth Legal System
Authors: Owen Mikah , Wallace Stephenie 
Published: October 2023

The youth legal system (commonly referred to as the juvenile justice system) in the United States is a complex, decentralized system primarily administered at the state and local levels. Working knowledge regarding the design and process of the youth legal system can help inform clinical and advocacy efforts intended to improve outcomes and eliminate racial and ethnic disparities for youth involved in the legal system. Advocates can work to bring awareness and dismantle inequities in all settings, especially the legal system, to avoid compounding the negative consequences in the lives of youth.
Keywords: juvenile justice, legal system, racial and ethnic disparities
Environmental Justice
Authors: Paulson Jerome A. , Carlos Bethany L. 
Published: October 2023

Environmental problems, such as climate change, exposure to lead, indoor and outdoor air pollution, pesticides, and other toxic chemicals, are more likely to affect low-income, minoritized communities and those whose members have limited English proficiency. Discussing environmental issues may feel different or uncomfortable for the pediatric health professional, yet clinical practice offers an opportunity to counsel patients, parents, and caregivers. The long history and the current practices of systemic racism have significant health impacts. Pediatric health professionals have the expertise to be part of groups that tackle these problems.
Keywords: environmental justice, advocacy, community engagement
Using Racial Equity Policy Tools to Further Anti-Racism in Pediatrics
Authors: Heard-Garris Nia , Heard Nevin J. 
Published: October 2023

Typically, when individuals and organizations work to dismantle racism, they emphasize personal responsibility and individual change. People are often tasked with addressing interpersonal racist behaviors and the intrapsychic biases and prejudices within their mind (eg, racial stereotypes and prejudices), yet addressing the racist policies of the institutional environment is given little attention. Structural change is required to embrace anti-racism in multiple settings. This chapter provides the key components of racial equity tools and, through a case study example, illustrates how to apply racial equity tools in pediatric settings.
Keywords: anti-racism, structural racism, racial equity tools
Culturally Congruent Strategies to Build the Pediatric Health Workforce
Authors: Belcher Harolyn M. E. , Plaisime Marie , Bogle Carmel 
Published: October 2023

Building a diverse, culturally responsive, and informed pediatric health workforce is essential to promoting the health and well-being of children and adolescents through patient-centered, family-engaged care. Using evidence-informed and culturally respectful health promotion strategies that lead to effective clinical care and that support shared decision-making between caregivers, patients, and pediatric health professionals is fundamental.
Keywords: mentoring, pediatric health workforce, diversity
Best Practices in Diversity Management
Authors: Lewis Joy A. , Osborn Rhodora 
Published: October 2023

A diverse and engaged workforce is critical to the success of any health care organization. This chapter explores why people in leadership positions should invest time and resources toward creating a diverse and inclusive work culture. An inclusive environment ensures equitable (ie, fair and equal) access to resources and opportunities for all. We discuss the potential benefits of an inclusive environment and highlight the actions that can undermine it and lead to recruitment and retention challenges for your organization.
Keywords: diversity, respect, inclusion, antibias, accountability
Implicit and Explicit Biases and the Pediatric Health Professional
Authors: Johnson Tiffani J. 
Published: October 2023

The past decade has produced a growing body of research that details the negative impacts of bias and discrimination based on race and other sociodemographic categories, such as disability, gender identity, sexual orientation, religion, nationality, language, and socioeconomic status, as well as occurring at the intersection of different categories. This chapter focuses on the effects of implicit and explicit racial biases on children and adolescents in the domains of neighborhoods and housing, education, law enforcement and the carceral system, and health care. Additionally, bias exists in pediatric health workforce diversity, with the effects of these experiences having negative consequences in clinical and academic settings.
Keywords: bias, implicit bias, explicit bias
Considering Multiracial Youth: Identity Challenges and Health Outcomes
Authors: Straka Brenda , Gaither Sarah 
Published: October 2023

There are overarching and well-documented health disparities between racial majority and minority groups. Yet, the Multiracial population, or those claiming membership to more than one racial group, has been largely excluded from health disparities research. This chapter discusses the impact of monoracial ideological, political, and clinical practices on medical research about Multiracial youth. Additionally, this chapter reviews challenges that monoracism presents to Multiracial people, such as interpersonal/intergroup and systemic/institutional barriers, and provides recommendations for pediatric health professionals to mitigate harm stemming from these experiences.
Keywords: Multiracial, identity challenges, identity flexibility