bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Snowboarder's Talus Fracture
Authors: Valderrabano Victor , Perren Thomas , Ryf Christian , Rillmann Paavo , Hintermann Beat 
Published: April 2005

Background Fracture of the lateral process of the talus is a typical snowboarding injury. Basic data are limited, particularly with respect to treatment and outcome. Hypothesis As the axial-loaded dorsiflexed foot becomes externally rotated and/or everted, fracture of the lateral process of the talus occurs. Primary surgical treatment may improve the outcome of this injury, reducing the risk of secondary subtalar joint osteoarthritis. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods We recorded details of the treatment and evaluation of 20 patients (8 female and 12 male; age at trauma, 29 years [range, 17-48 years]) who sustained a lateral process of the talus fracture while snowboarding. The injury pathomechanism was documented. The patients were treated either nonsurgically or surgically based on a fracture-type treatment algorithm. The evaluation at most recent follow-up (mean, 42 months [range, 26-53 months]) included clinical and functional examination, follow-up of sport activity, and radiological assessment (radiograph, computed tomography scan). Results The injury mechanism included axial impact (100%), dorsiflexion (95%), external rotation (80%), and eversion (45%). Using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hindfoot score, the patients obtained a mean of 93 points; the surgically treated group (n = 14) scored higher (97 points) than did the nonoperative group (n = 6; 85 points) (P <. 05). Degenerative disease of the subtalar joint was found in 3 patients (15%; operative, 1 patient; nonoperative, 2 patients). All but 4 (20%, all after nonsurgical treatment) patients reached the same sport activity level as before injury. Conclusion The snowboarding-related lateral process of the talus fracture represents a complex hindfoot injury. In type II fractures, primary surgical treatment has led to achieving better outcomes, reducing sequelae, and allowing patients to regain the same sports activity level as before injury.
Early Inflammatory Reaction after Rotator Cuff Repair with a Porcine Small Intestine Submucosal Implant
Authors: Malcarney Hilary L. , Bonar Fiona , Murrell George A.C. 
Published: April 2005

Background Porcine small intestine submucosal grafts have been successful in enhancing soft tissue repair, as demonstrated by animal studies. Currently, there are no reports of the use of such implants in human rotator cuff repair. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Over a 6-month period, 25 patients underwent rotator cuff repair by one surgeon using the Restore Orthobiologic Implant to augment the repaired tendon or fill a defect. Results Four of 25 patients experienced an overt inflammatory reaction at a mean of 13 days postoperatively. All patients underwent open irrigation and debridement of the rotator cuff and porcine small intestine submucosal implant. Conclusion Porcine small intestine submucosal implants should be used in rotator cuff surgery with the awareness that a non-specific inflammatory reaction can occur in the early postoperative period. This inflammatory reaction may cause breakdown of the repair. Further studies are needed to further characterize the reaction and determine which patients are susceptible.
Percutaneous versus Open Repair of the Ruptured Achilles Tendon
Authors: Čretnik Andrej , Kosanović Miloš , Smrkolj Vladimir 
Published: April 2005

Background Controversy regarding the optimal treatment of the fresh total Achilles tendon rupture remains. Purpose To compare the results of percutaneous and open Achilles tendon repair. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods The results of 132 consecutive patients with acute complete Achilles tendon rupture who were operated on exclusively with modified percutaneous repair under local anesthesia from 1991 to 1997 and followed up for at least 2 years were compared to the results of 105 consecutive patients who were operated on exclusively with open repair under general or spinal anesthesia in the same period. Results There were significantly fewer major complications in the group of percutaneous repairs in comparison with the group of open repairs (4.5% vs 12.4%; P = .03), particularly necrosis (0% vs 5.6%; P = .019), and a lower total number of complications (9.7% vs 21%; P = .013). There were slightly more reruptures (3.7% vs 2.8%; P = .680) and sural nerve disturbances (4.5% vs 2.8%; P = .487) in the group of percutaneous repairs, with no statistically significant difference. Functional assessment using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scale and the Holz score showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion The results of the study support the choice of (modified) percutaneous suturing under local anesthesia as the method that brings comparable functional results to open repair, with a significantly lower rate of complications.
Preferential suppression of trisomy 8 compared with normal hematopoietic cell growth by autologous lymphocytes in patients with trisomy 8 myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Sloand Elaine M. , Mainwaring Lori , Fuhrer Monika , Ramkissoon Shakti , Risitano Antonio M. , Keyvanafar Keyvan , Lu Jun , Basu Atanu , Barrett A. John , Young Neal S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractClinical observations and experimental evidence link bone marrow failure in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with a T cell–dominated autoimmune process. Immunosuppressive therapy is effective in improving cytopenias in selected patients. Trisomy 8 is a frequent cytogenetic abnormality in bone marrow cells in patients with MDS, and its presence has been associated anecdotally with good response to immunotherapy. We studied 34 patients with trisomy 8 in bone marrow cells, some of whom were undergoing treatment with antithymocyte globulin (ATG). All had significant CD8+ T-cell expansions of one or more T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ subfamilies, as measured by flow cytometry; expanded subfamilies showed CDR3 skewing by spectratyping. Sorted T cells of the expanded Vβ subfamilies, but not of the remaining subfamilies, inhibited trisomy 8 cell growth in short-term hematopoietic culture. The negative effects of Vβ-expanded T cells were inhibited by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and Fas antagonist and required direct cell-to-cell contact. Sixty-seven percent of patients who had de novo MDS with trisomy 8 as the sole karyotypic abnormality responded to ATG with durable reversal of cytopenias and restoration of transfusion independence, with stable increase in the proportion of trisomy 8 bone marrow cells and normalization of the T-cell repertoire. An increased number of T cells with apparent specificity for trisomy 8 cells is consistent with an autoimmune pathophysiology in trisomy 8 MDS.
Siglec-9 transduces apoptotic and nonapoptotic death signals into neutrophils depending on the proinflammatory cytokine environment
Authors: von Gunten Stephan , Yousefi Shida , Seitz Michael , Jakob Stephan M. , Schaffner Thomas , Seger Reinhard , Takala Jukka , Villiger Peter M. , Simon Hans-Uwe 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe report about new apoptotic and non-apoptotic death pathways in neutrophils that are initiated via the surface molecule sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-9. In normal neutrophils, Siglec-9 ligation induced apoptosis. Inflammatory neutrophils obtained from patients with acute septic shock or rheumatoid arthritis demonstrated increased Siglec-9, but normal Fas receptor-mediated cytotoxic responses when compared with normal blood neutrophils. The increased Siglec-9-mediated death was mimicked in vitro by short-term preincubation of normal neutrophils with proinflammatory cytokines, such as granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-α (IFN-α), and IFN-γ, and was demonstrated to be caspase independent. Experiments using scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or neutrophils unable to generate ROS indicated that both Siglec-9-mediated caspase-dependent and caspase-independent forms of neutrophil death depend on ROS. Interestingly, the caspase-independent form of neutrophil death was characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization and several other nonapoptotic morphologic features, which were also seen in neutrophils present in joint fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Taken together, these data suggest that apoptotic (ROS- and caspase-dependent) and nonapoptotic (ROS-dependent) death pathways are initiated in neutrophils via Siglec-9. The new insights have important implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis. (Blood. 2005;106:1423-1431)
Effects of aging on the homing and engraftment of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Liang Ying , Van Zant Gary , Szilvassy Stephen J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractTo test the hypothesis that aging has negative effects on stem-cell homing and engraftment, young or old C57BL/6 bone marrow (BM) cells were injected, using a limiting-dilution, competitive transplantation method, into old or young Ly5 congenic mice. Numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs) recovered from BM or spleen were measured and compared with the numbers initially transplanted. Although the frequency of marrow competitive repopulation units (CRUs) increased approximately 2-fold from 2 months to 2 years of age, the BM homing efficiency of old CRUs was approximately 3-fold lower than that of young CRUs. Surprisingly, the overall size of individual stem-cell clones generated in recipients receiving a single CRU was not affected by donor age. However, the increased ages of HSC donors and HSC transplant recipients caused marked skewing of the pattern of engraftment toward the myeloid lineage, indicating that HSC-intrinsic and HSC-extrinsic (microenvironmental) age-related changes favor myelopoiesis. This correlated with changes after transplantation in the rate of recovery of circulating leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets. Recovery of the latter was especially blunted in aged recipients. Collectively, these findings may have implications for clinical HSC transplantation in which older persons increasingly serve as donors for elderly patients. (Blood. 2005; 106:1479-1487)
Rituximab prevents recurrence of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report
Authors: Galbusera Miriam , Bresin Elena , Noris Marina , Gastoldi Sara , Belotti Daniela , Capoferri Cristina , Daina Erica , Perseghin Paolo , Scheiflinger Friedrich , Fakhouri Fadi , Grünfeld Jean-Pierre , Pogliani Enrico , Remuzzi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder of small vessels that is associated with deficiency of the von Willebrand factor–cleaving protease, ADAMTS13. The presence of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies is considered a factor predisposing to relapses. Despite close monitoring and intensive plasma treatment, in these patients acute episodes are still associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates, and the optimal therapeutic option should be prevention of relapses. This study was conducted in a patient with recurrent TTP due to high titers of ADAMTS13 inhibitors, who used to have 2 relapses of TTP a year. The study compared the standard treatment plasma exchange with rituximab. Results documented that plasma exchange had only a small transient effect on ADAMTS13 activity and inhibitors; on the contrary, prophylaxis with rituximab was associated with disappearance of anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies, a progressive recovery of protease activity, and it allowed the patient to maintain a disease-free state during a more than 2-year follow-up.
Identification of a truncated nucleoprotein in avian metapneumovirus-infected cells encoded by a second AUG, in-frame to the full-length gene
Authors: Alvarez Rene , Seal Bruce S 
Published: April 2005

Abstract

Background
Avian metapneumoviruses (aMPV) cause an upper respiratory disease with low mortality, but high morbidity primarily in commercial turkeys. There are three types of aMPV (A, B, C) of which the C type is found only in the United States. Viruses related to aMPV include human, bovine, ovine, and caprine respiratory syncytial viruses and pneumonia virus of mice, as well as the recently identified human metapneumovirus (hMPV). The aMPV and hMPV have become the type viruses of a new genus within the Metapneumovirus. The aMPV nucleoprotein (N) amino acid sequences of serotypes A, B, and C were aligned for comparative analysis. Based on predicted antigenicity of consensus protein sequences, five aMPV-specific N peptides were synthesized for development of peptide-antigens and antisera.

Results
The presence of two aMPV nucleoprotein (N) gene encoded polypeptides was detected in aMPV/C/US/Co and aMPV/A/UK/3b infected Vero cells. Nucleoprotein 1 (N1) encoded from the first open reading frame (ORF) was predicted to be 394 amino acids in length for aMPV/C/US/Co and 391 amino acids in length for aMPV/A/UK/3b with approximate molecular weights of 43.3 kilodaltons and 42.7 kilodaltons, respectively. Nucleoprotein 2 (N2) was hypothesized to be encoded by a second downstream ORF in-frame with ORF1 and encoded a protein predicted to contain 328 amino acids for aMPV/C/US/Co or 259 amino acids for aMPV/A/UK/3b with approximate molecular weights of 36 kilodaltons and 28.3 kilodaltons, respectively. Peptide antibodies to the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of the aMPV N protein confirmed presence of these products in both aMPV/C/US/Co- and aMPV/A/UK/3b-infected Vero cells. N1 and N2 for aMPV/C/US/Co ORFs were molecularly cloned and expressed in Vero cells utilizing eukaryotic expression vectors to confirm identity of the aMPV encoded proteins.

Conclusion
This is the first reported identification of potential, accessory in-frame N2 ORF gene products among members of the Paramyxoviridae. Genomic sequence analyses of related members of the Pneumovirinae other than aMPV, including human respiratory syncytial virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus demonstrated the presence of this second potential ORF among these agents.
Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signaling enhances growth-inhibitory and proapoptotic effects of gefitinib (Iressa) in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Camirand Anne , Zakikhani Mahvash , Young Fiona , Pollak Michael 
Published: April 2005

Abstract
Introduction
Gefitinib (Iressa, ZD 1839, AstraZeneca) blocks the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and inhibits proliferation of several human cancer cell types including breast cancer. Phase II clinical trials with gefitinib monotherapy showed an objective response of 9 to 19% in non-small-cell lung cancer patients and less than 10% for breast cancer, and phase III results have indicated no benefit of gefitinib in combination with chemotherapy over chemotherapy alone. In order to improve the antineoplastic activity of gefitinib, we investigated the effects of blocking the signalling of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), a tyrosine kinase with a crucial role in malignancy that is coexpressed with EGFR in most human primary breast carcinomas.

Methods
AG1024 (an inhibitor of IGF-1R) was used with gefitinib for treatment of MDA468, MDA231, SK-BR-3, and MCF-7 breast cancer lines, which express similar levels of IGF-1R but varying levels of EGFR. Proliferation assays, apoptosis induction studies, and Western blot analyses were conducted with cells treated with AG1024 and gefitinib as single agents and in combination.

Results
Gefitinib and AG1024 reduced proliferation in all lines when used as single agents, and when used in combination revealed an additive-to-synergistic effect on cell growth inhibition. Flow cytometry measurements of cells stained with annexin V-propidium iodide and cells stained for caspase-3 activation indicated that adding an IGF-1R-targeting strategy to gefitinib results in higher levels of apoptosis than are achieved with gefitinib alone. Gefitinib either reduced or completely inhibited p42/p44 Erk kinase phosphorylation, depending on the cell line, while Akt phosphorylation was reduced by a combination of the two agents. Overexpression of IGF-1R in SK-BR-3 cells was sufficient to cause a marked enhancement in gefitinib resistance.

Conclusion
These results indicate that IGF-1R signaling reduces the antiproliferative effects of gefitinib in several breast cancer cell lines, and that the addition of an anti-IGF-1R strategy to gefitinib treatment may be more effective than a single-agent approach.
Serotonin Toxicity Associated with Concomitant Use of Linezolid
Authors: Bergeron Luc , Boulé Martin , Perreault Sébastien 
Published: April 2005

OBJECTIVE: To report 2 cases of serotonin toxicity (ST) associated with concomitant use of linezolid and serotonergic drugs and review previously published case reports. CASE SUMMARIES: Case 1. A 38-year-old white female with cystic fibrosis treated with venlafaxine 300 mg/day for one year was prescribed linezolid 600 mg intravenously every 12 hours for treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pulmonary infection. She displayed symptoms of ST 8 days after the introduction of linezolid. The venlafaxine dosage was decreased to 150 mg/day, and symptoms gradually abated over 36 hours. Case 2. A 37-year-old male with multiple myeloma received citalopram 40 mg/day and trazodone 150 mg/day for anxiety-related disorders. Linezolid treatment with 600 mg orally twice daily was instituted for MRSA cellulitis. The following day, the patient developed anxiety, panic attacks, tremors, tachycardia, and hypertension that persisted throughout linezolid treatment. Symptoms finally waned 5 days after linezolid treatment was stopped. DISCUSSION: The symptoms observed in our patients were consistent with Sternbach's criteria for ST. A review of published case reports showed a short time to onset of symptoms following the introduction of linezolid, generally within 1–3 days. Also of note is the use of relatively high dosages of serotonergic drugs. Use of the Naranjo probability scale indicated a possible relationship between the use of linezolid and the occurrence of ST in both cases. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should pay special attention to patients treated with serotonergic drugs, especially those receiving dosages in the higher end of the normal range who are prescribed linezolid, and consider tapering or reducing the dosage of serotonergic drugs for the duration of antibiotic therapy.
Hypervalent Iodine Chemistry in Synthesis: Scope and New Directions
Authors: Wirth Thomas 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe impressive development of hypervalent iodine chemistry in recent years is reflected by the number of publications in this area. Although the synthesis of the first hypervalent iodine compound dates back more than 100 years, the investigation of the reactivities of these compounds and their efficient use as metal‐free reagents in organic synthesis is still ongoing. This contribution summarizes recent achievements and highlights key findings and developments that will influence future research and lead to novel applications of hypervalent iodine reagents in synthesis.
Facile Synthesis of Enantiopure 1,1′‐Spirobiindan‐7,7′‐diol and Its 4,4′‐Derivatives: Application in Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: Li Zhian , Liang Xinmiao , Wan Boshun , Wu Fan 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions with Hydrazonoyl Halides. Part 42. Synthesis of Some New 2,3‐Dihydro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles, 2,3‐Dihydro‐1,3,4‐selenadiazoles and Triazolino[4,3‐a]pyrimidines.
Authors: Abdelhamid Abdou O. , Alkhodshi Mohamed A. M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1‐Alkynyl(aryl)(tetrafluoroborato)‐λ3‐bromanes as Highly Efficient Michael Acceptors: Uncatalyzed Conjugate Addition of 1‐Alkynyl(trialkyl)stannanes to Yield Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 1,3‐Butadiynes.
Authors: Ochiai Masahito , Nishi Yoshio , Goto Satoru , Frohn Hermann J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A New Method for the Synthesis of β‐Amino—β′‐Hydroxy Ketones by the Samarium(II) Iodide‐Mediated Aldol Reaction of Aldehydes with Aryl or Alkyl Aziridinyl Ketones.
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Ogawa Yasuyuki , Kuroda Kiichi 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Discovery of a Novel, Potent and Selective Human β3‐Adrenergic Receptor Agonist.
Authors: Nakajima Yutaka , Hamashima Hitoshi , Washizuka Ken‐Ichi , Tomishima Yasuyo , Ohtake Hiroaki , Imamura Emiko , Miura Toshiko , Kayakiri Hiroshi , Kato Masayuki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structural Study of 3‐Anisyl‐4‐(4′‐pyridyl)(pyridinium)thieno[2,3‐b]thienophenes.
Authors: Mashraqui Sabir H. , Hariharasubrahmanian Harini , Ashraf Mohamed , Sangvikar Yogesh 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 15H‐Isoquino[2′,3′:3,4]imidazo[2,1‐b]quinazoline‐7,13,15‐triones and 14H‐isoquino[2′,3′:3,4]imidazo[2,1‐b]benzo[g]quinazoline‐8,14,16‐trione as New Polycyclic Fused‐Ring Systems.
Authors: Khodair Ahmed I. , Gesson Jean‐Pierre , El‐Ashry El‐Sayed H. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Interaction of Cyclic Schiff′s Bases with 2‐Methylthiopyrimidine‐4,6‐dione Enol Acetate. Synthesis of 5‐(2‐Acetyl‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐1‐isoquinolyl) ‐6‐hydroxy‐2‐methylthio‐1,4‐dihydro‐4‐pyrimidinones.
Authors: Gulyakevich O. V. , Krasnov K. A. , Mikhal'chuk A. L. , Akhrem A. A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
KF‐Alumina Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives.
Authors: Wang Xiang‐shan , Zeng Zhao‐sen , Shi Da‐qing , Wei Xian‐yong , Zong Zhi‐min 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Unprecedented Dimerization of 1,2,3‐Butatriene Catalyzed by Palladium Complexes.
Authors: Suzuki Noriyuki , Tezuka Hidekazu , Fukuda Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Hajime , Iwasaki Masakazu , Saburi Masahiko , Tezuka Meguru , Chihara Teiji , Wakatsuki Yasuo 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Antitumor and Antimicrobial Activities of New Peptidyl Derivatives Containing the 1,3‐Benzodioxole System.
Authors: Leite Ana Cristina Lima , da Silva Kezia Peixoto , de Souza Ivone , de Araujo Janete Magali , Brondani Dalci Jose 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.