bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing fine‐scale pondscape connectivity with amphibian eyes: An integrative approach using genomic and capture–mark–recapture data
Authors: Reyes‐Moya Ismael , Sánchez‐Montes Gregorio , Babik Wieslaw , Dudek Katarzyna , Martínez‐Solano Íñigo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the face of habitat loss, preserving functional connectivity is essential to maintain genetic diversity and the demographic dynamics required for the viability of biotic communities. This requires knowledge of the dispersal behaviour of target species, which can be modelled as kernels, or probability density functions of dispersal distances at increasing geographic distances. We present an integrative approach to investigate the relationships between genetic connectivity and demographic parameters in organisms with low vagility focusing on five syntopic pond‐breeding amphibians. We genotyped 1056 individuals of two anuran and three urodele species (1732–3913 SNPs per species) from populations located in a landscape comprising 64 ponds to characterize fine‐scale genetic structure in a comparative framework, and combined these genetic data with information obtained in a previous 2‐year capture–mark–recapture (CMR) study. Specifically, we contrasted graphs reconstructed from genomic data with connectivity graphs based on dispersal kernels and demographic information obtained from CMR data from previous studies, and assessed the effects of population size, population density, geographical distances, inverse movement probabilities and the presence of habitat patches potentially functioning as stepping stones on genetic differentiation. Our results show a significant effect of local population sizes on patterns of genetic differentiation at small spatial scales. In addition, movement records and cluster‐derived kernels provide robust inferences on most likely dispersal paths that are consistent with genomic inferences on genetic connectivity. The integration of genetic and CMR data holds great potential for understanding genetic connectivity at spatial scales relevant to individual organisms, with applications for the implementation of management actions at the landscape level.
A comprehensive study of the interactions in the B. subtilis degradosome with special emphasis on the role of the small proteins SR1P and SR7P
Authors: Haq Inam Ul , Müller Peter , Brantl Sabine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHere, we employ coelution experiments and far‐western blotting to identify stable interactions between the main components of the B. subtilis degradosome and the small proteins SR1P and SR7P. Our data indicate that B. subtilis has a degradosome comprising at least RNases Y and PnpA, enolase, phosphofructokinase, glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase GapA, and helicase CshA that can be co‐purified without cross‐linking. All interactions were corroborated by far‐western blotting with proteins purified from E. coli. Previously, we discovered that stress‐induced SR7P binds enolase to enhance its interaction with and activity of enolase‐bound RNase Y (RnY), while SR1P transcribed under gluconeogenic conditions interacts with GapA to stimulate its interaction with and the activity of RnjA (RnjA). We show that SR1P can directly bind RnjA, RnY, and PnpA independently of GapA, whereas SR7P only interacts with enolase. Northern blotting suggests that the degradation of individual RNAs in B. subtilis under gluconeogenic or stress conditions depends on either RnjA or RnY alone or on RnjA‐SR1P, RnY‐SR1P, or RnY‐Eno. In vitro degradation assays with RnY or RnjA substrates corroborate the in vivo role of SR1P. Currently, it is unknown which substrate property is decisive for the utilization of one of the complexes.
Temperature responses of leaf respiration in light and darkness are similar and modulated by leaf development
Authors: Zheng Ding Ming , Wang Xuming , Liu Qi , Sun Yan Ran , Ma Wei Ting , Li Lei , Yang Zhijie , Tcherkez Guillaume , Adams Mark A. , Yang Yusheng , Gong Xiao Ying 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Our ability to predict temperature responses of leaf respiration in light and darkness (RL and RDk) is essential to models of global carbon dynamics. While many models rely on constant thermal sensitivity (characterized by Q10), uncertainty remains as to whether Q10 of RL and RDk are actually similar.
We measured short‐term temperature responses of RL and RDk in immature and mature leaves of two evergreen tree species, Castanopsis carlesii and Ormosia henry in an open field. RL was estimated by the Kok method, the Yin method and a newly developed Kok‐iterCc method.
When estimated by the Yin and Kok‐iterCc methods, RL and RDk had similar Q10 (c. 2.5). The Kok method overestimated both Q10 and the light inhibition of respiration. RL/RDk was not affected by leaf temperature. Acclimation of respiration in summer was associated with a decline in basal respiration but not in Q10 in both species, which was related to changes in leaf nitrogen content between seasons. Q10 of RL and RDk in mature leaves were 40% higher than in immature leaves.
Our results suggest similar Q10 values can be used to model RL and RDk while leaf development‐associated changes in Q10 require special consideration in future respiration models.
Inaccurate fossil placement does not compromise tip‐dated divergence times
Authors: Mongiardino Koch Nicolás , Garwood Russell J. , Parry Luke A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTime‐scaled phylogenies underpin the interrogation of evolutionary processes across deep timescales, as well as attempts to link these to Earth's history. By inferring the placement of fossils and using their ages as temporal constraints, tip dating under the fossilized birth–death (FBD) process provides a coherent prior on divergence times. At the same time, it also links topological and temporal accuracy, as incorrectly placed fossil terminals should misinform divergence times. This could pose serious issues for obtaining accurate node ages, yet the interaction between topological and temporal error has not been thoroughly explored. We simulate phylogenies and associated morphological datasets using methodologies that incorporate evolution under selection, and are benchmarked against empirical datasets. We find that datasets of 300 characters and realistic levels of missing data generally succeed in inferring the correct placement of fossils on a constrained extant backbone topology, and that true node ages are usually contained within Bayesian posterior distributions. While increased fossil sampling improves the accuracy of inferred ages, topological and temporal errors do not seem to be linked: analyses in which fossils resolve less accurately do not exhibit elevated errors in node age estimates. At the same time, inferred divergence times are biased, probably due to a mismatch between the FBD prior and the shape of our simulated trees. While these results are encouraging, suggesting that even fossils with uncertain affinities can provide useful temporal information, they also emphasize that palaeontological information cannot overturn discrepancies between model priors and the true diversification history.
Prediction of drinking water quality with machine learning models: A public health nursing approach
Authors: Özsezer Gözde , Mermer Gülengül 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to use machine learning models to predict drinking water quality from a public health nursing approach.DesignMachine learning study.Sample“Water Quality Dataset” was used in the study. The dataset contains physical and chemical measurements of water quality for 2400 different water bodies. The process consists of four stages: Data processing with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique, hyperparameter tuning with 10‐fold cross‐validation, modeling and comparative analysis. 80% of the dataset is allocated as training data and 20% as test data. ML models logistic regression, K‐nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, AdaBoost Classifier, Decision Tree algorithms were used for water quality prediction. Accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and AUC performance metrics of ML models were compared. To evaluate the performance of the models, 10‐fold cross‐validation was used and a comparative analysis was performed. The p‐values of the models were also compared.ResultsN this study, where drinking water quality was predicted with seven different ML algorithms, it can be said that XGBoost and Random Forest are the best classification models in all performance metrics. There is a significant difference in all ML algorithms according to the p‐value. The H0 hypothesis is accepted for these algorithms. According to the H0 hypothesis, there is no difference between actual values and predicted values.ConclusionIn conclusion, the use of ML models in the prediction of drinking water quality can help nurses greatly improve access to clean water, a human right, be more knowledgeable about water quality, and protect the health of individuals.
Broad‐spectrum antagonistic potential of Bacillus spp. volatiles against Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Authors: Ali Qurban , Khan Abdur Rashid , Tao Sheng , Rajer Faheem Uddin , Ayaz Muhammad , Abro Manzoor Ali , Gu Qin , Wu Huijun , Kuptsov Vladislav , Kolomiets Emilia , Gao Xuewen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) are the two major diseases affecting the quality and quantity of rice production. In the current study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Bacillus spp. were used as green biocontrol agents for plant diseases. In in vitro experiments, Bacillus spp. FZB42, NMTD17, and LLTC93‐VOCs displayed strong antimicrobial volatile activity with inhibition rates of 76, 66, and 78% for R. solani and 78, 81, and 76% for Xoo, respectively, compared to control. The synthetic VOCs, namely Pentadecane (PDC), Benzaldehyde (BDH), 1,2‐Benz isothiazol‐3(2H)‐one (1,2‐BIT), and mixture (MIX) of VOCs showed high volatile activity with inhibition rates of 86, 86, 89, and 92% against R. solani and 81, 81, 82, and 86%, respectively, against Xoo as compared to control. In addition, the scanning and transmission electron microscopes (SEM and TEM) analyses were performed to examine the effect of Bacillus and synthetic VOC treatments on R. solani and Xoo morphology. The analysis revealed the deformed and irregularized morphology of R. solani mycelia and Xoo cells after VOC treatments. The microscopic analysis showed that the rapid inhibition was due to severe oxidative productions inside the R. solani mycelia and Xoo cells. By using molecular docking, it was determined that the synthetic VOCs entered the active binding site of trehalase and NADH dehydrogenase proteins, causing R. solani and Xoo cells to die prematurely and an accumulation of ROS. In the greenhouse experiment, FZB42, NMTD17, and LLTC93‐VOCs significantly reduced the lesions of R. solani 8, 7, and 6 cm, and Xoo 7, 6, and 6 cm, respectively, then control. The synthetic VOCs demonstrated that the PDC, BDH, 1,2‐BIT, and MIX‐VOCs significantly reduced R. solani lesions on leaves 6, 6, 6, and 5 cm and Xoo 6, 5, 5, and 4 cm, respectively, as compared to control. Furthermore, plant defence‐related genes and antioxidant enzymes were upregulated in rice plants. These findings provide novel mechanisms by which Bacillus antimicrobial VOCs control plant diseases.
Mitigating microtargeting: Political microtargeting law in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Dowling Melissa‐Ellen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo the detriment of liberal democracy, governments have struggled to prevent the exploitation of personal data for voter manipulation in the digital era. Laws pertaining to political microtargeting are often piecemeal and tend to derive from a combination of laws on electoral advertising and privacy. Evidence indicates that this approach is insufficient to curtail microtargeting. However, little is known about the regulation of microtargeting outside of the European and US contexts within which the bulk of anti‐microtargeting research has been undertaken. Accordingly, this paper aims to shed light on the preparedness of the law in Australia and New Zealand to mitigate the potential harms of political microtargeting. A comparative analysis of legislation pertaining to microtargeting is therefore undertaken using a blended approach of comparative law and content analysis. This paper: (1) identifies current legislation relevant to microtargeting in Australia and New Zealand; (2) assesses patterns of similarity and difference between each country's laws in relation to microtargeting; and (3) evaluates the preparedness of current legislation to curtail microtargeting in an evolving social media landscape. It finds that in both countries, legislation is sufficiently robust to mitigate microtargeting in some limited circumstances, but a cohesive regulatory approach is needed to constrain the most insidious microtargeting operations.
Ethylene signaling modulates air humidity responses in plants
Authors: Jiang Zeyu , Yao Lingya , Zhu Xiangmei , Hao Guodong , Ding Yanxia , Zhao Hangwei , Wang Shanshan , Wen Chi‐Kuang , Xu Xiaoyan , Xin Xiu‐Fang 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYAir humidity significantly impacts plant physiology. However, the upstream elements that mediate humidity sensing and adaptive responses in plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, we define high humidity‐induced cellular features of Arabidopsis plants and take a quantitative phosphoproteomics approach to obtain a high humidity‐responsive landscape of membrane proteins, which we reason are likely the early checkpoints of humidity signaling. We found that a brief high humidity exposure (i.e., 0.5 h) is sufficient to trigger extensive changes in membrane protein abundance and phosphorylation. Enrichment analysis of differentially regulated proteins reveals high humidity‐sensitive processes such as ‘transmembrane transport’, ‘response to abscisic acid’, and ‘stomatal movement’. We further performed a targeted screen of mutants, in which high humidity‐responsive pathways/proteins are disabled, to uncover genes mediating high humidity sensitivity. Interestingly, ethylene pathway mutants (i.e., ein2 and ein3eil1) display a range of altered responses, including hyponasty, reactive oxygen species level, and responsive gene expression, to high humidity. Furthermore, we observed a rapid induction of ethylene biosynthesis genes and ethylene evolution after high humidity treatment. Our study sheds light on the potential early signaling events in humidity perception, a fundamental but understudied question in plant biology, and reveals ethylene as a key modulator of high humidity responses in plants.
Defining the pathway to timely diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease: a US Delphi survey
Authors: Case Amy Hajari , Beegle Scott , Hotchkin David L , Kaelin Thomas , Kim Hyun Joo , Podolanczuk Anna J , Ramaswamy Murali , Remolina Carlos , Salvatore Mary M , Tu Conan , de Andrade Joao A 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionTimely diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is limited by obstacles in the current patient pathway. Misdiagnosis and delays are common and may lead to a significant burden of diagnostic procedures and worse outcomes. This Delphi survey aimed to identify consensus on the key steps that facilitate the patient journey to an accurate ILD diagnosis and appropriate management in the US.MethodsA modified Delphi analysis was conducted, comprising three online surveys based on a comprehensive literature search. The surveys spanned five domains (guidelines, community screening, diagnosis, management and specialist referral) and were completed by a panel of US physicians, including primary care physicians and pulmonologists practising in community or academic settings. A priori definitions of consensus agreement were median scores of 2–3 (agree strongly/agree), with an IQR of 0–1 for questions on a 7-point Likert scale from −3 to 3, or ≥80% agreement for binary questions.ResultsForty-nine panellists completed the surveys and 62 statements reached consensus agreement. There was consensus agreement on what should be included in the primary care evaluation of patients with suspected ILD and the next steps following workup. Regarding diagnosis in community pulmonology care, consensus agreement was reached on the requisition and reporting of high-resolution CT scans and the appropriate circumstances for holding multidisciplinary discussions. Additionally, there was consensus agreement on which symptoms and comorbidities should be monitored, the frequency of consultations and the assessment of disease progression. Regarding specialist referral, consensus agreement was reached on which patients should receive priority access to ILD centres and the contents of the referral package.ConclusionsThese findings clarify the most common issues that should merit further evaluation for ILD and help define the steps for timely, accurate diagnosis and appropriate collaborative specialty management of patients with ILD.
Are reallocations of time between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep associated with low back pain? A compositional data analysis
Authors: Kastelic Kaja , Šarabon Nejc , Stanford Ty , Dumuid Dorothea , Pedišić Željko 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations of reallocating time between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep with occurrence, frequency and intensity of low back pain (LBP) among adults using compositional isotemporal substitution analysis.MethodsA total of 2333 participants from the general adult population completed the Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire asking about their time-use composition consisting of sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA, and they self-reported their frequency and intensity of LBP in the past year.ResultsRegression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, stress, education and socioeconomic status found that the time-use composition is associated with the frequency (p=0.009) and intensity of LBP (p<0.001). Reallocating time from SB or LPA to sleep was associated with lower frequency and intensity of LBP (p<0.05). Reallocating time from MVPA to sleep, SB or LPA and from SB to LPA was associated with a lower intensity of LBP (p<0.05). For example, reallocating 30 min/day from SB to sleep was associated with 5% lower odds (95% CI: 2% to 8%, p=0.001) of experiencing LBP more frequently, and 2% lower LBP intensity (95% CI: 1% to 3%, p<0.001).ConclusionLBP sufferers may benefit from getting additional sleep and spending more time in LPA, while engaging less in SB and MVPA. These reallocations of time may be meaningful from clinical and public health perspectives.
CDK5 destabilizes PD-L1 via chaperon-mediated autophagy to control cancer immune surveillance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ruonan , Wang Jie , Du Yu , Yu Ze , Wang Yihan , Jiang Yixiao , Wu Yixin , Le Ting , Li Ziqi , Zhang Guoqiang , Lv Lei , Ma Haijie 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundIn the past few years, immunotherapies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), have achieved durable clinical benefits. However, only a fraction of HCC patients showed objective clinical response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade alone. Despite the impact on post-translational modifications of PD-L1 being substantial, its significance in resistance to HCC immunotherapy remains poorly defined.MethodsCyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) expression was knocked down in HCC cells, CDK5 and PD-L1 protein levels were examined by Western blot. Coimmunoprecipitation was conducted to evaluate the interaction between proteins. Preclinical HCC mice model was constructed to evaluate the effect of CDK5 inhibitor alone or in combination with PD-1 antibody. Clinical HCC samples were used to elucidate the clinical relevance of CDK5, PD-L1, and PD-L1 T290 phosphorylation in HCC.ResultsWe find that CDK5 deficiency upregulates PD-L1 protein expression in HCC cells and decipher a novel molecular mechanism under which PD-L1 is downregulated by CDK5, that is, CDK5 mediated PD-L1 phosphorylation at T290 promotes its binding with chaperon protein heat-shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) and degradation through chaperon-mediated autophagy. Notably, treatment of CDK5 inhibitor, PNU112455A, effectively upregulates the tumorous PD-L1 level, promotes the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy,and prolongs the survival time of mice bearing HCC tumors. What is more, the T290 phosphorylation status of PD-L1 correlates with the prognosis of HCC.ConclusionsTargeting CDK5 can synergize with PD-1 blockade to suppress HCC growth, which may have clinical benefits. Our study reveals a unique regulation of the degradation of PD-L1 in HCC, and provides an attractive therapeutic target, a potential drug, and a new prognostic marker for the clinical treatment of HCC.
Stability of the Next-to-Tribimaximal Mixings under Radiative Corrections with the Variation of the SUSY Breaking Scale in MSSM
Authors: Devi Kh. Helensana , Singh K. Sashikanta , Singh N. Nimai 
Published: November 2023

We analyze the radiative stability of the next-to-tribimaximal mixings (NTBM) with the variation of the SUSY breaking scale (

m

S

) in MSSM, for both normal ordering (NO) and inverted ordering (IO) at the fixed input value of the seesaw scale

M

R

=
1

0

15

GeV and two different values of

tan
β

. All the neutrino oscillation parameters receive varying radiative corrections irrespective of the

m

S

values at the electroweak scale, which are all within the

3
σ

range of the latest global fit data at a low value of

tan
β

. NO is found to be more stable than IO for all four different NTBM mixing patterns.
Models of Word Order in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Condrea Vasile A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For some time, linguists have agreed that (1) English is an SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) language and that (2) the purpose of this order is to indicate the difference between “John loves Mary” and “Mary loves John.” In contrast, Hebraists are still debating the first item.
According to Holmstedt, Biblical Hebrew is an SVO language with the Verb-Subject-Object (VSO) order being “triggered” from SVO. By contrast, Hornkohl, Khan, and van der Merwe maintain that Biblical Hebrew is a VSO language with the SVO being the “marked” order.
Hebraists rely on linguistic methods to answer these questions. This article evaluates the claims of the abovementioned authors from two perspectives: whether the linguistic methods they use are compatible (some approaches do not work well together) and whether the principles of their chosen linguistic method are followed. Suggestions for improvement for Khan and van der Merwe’s model are included.
From Pre-Masoretic Idiolect to Pre-LXX Attestations
Authors: Shapira Hananel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Through a literary-historical analysis of a specific excerpt (Jer 25:15–29) from the book of Jeremiah, this article argues that the elements present in the Masoretic Text but absent in the Septuagint are likely part of a more original version of the text. This conclusion challenges Stipp’s pre-Masoretic Idiolect theory, which posits that these elements always indicate the general priority of the Septuagint. Instead, this article suggests that Stipp’s theory oversimplifies the nuances of each occurrence, and that each textual unit should be analyzed independently. The origins of Stipp’s pre-Masoretic idiolect might emerge from the cases in which MT’s priority is to be preferred.