bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological observations of thrombo‐embolic disease during pregnancy and in the puerperium, in 56,022 women
Authors: Treffers P.E. , Huidekoper B.L. , Weenink G.H. , Kloosterman G.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractDuring a 28‐year period the incidence of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (TE) in pregnancy remained practically equal (0.7‰), the incidence of puerperal TE was higher (2.3‰) but decreased during the last 7 years. Puerperal TE was influenced by age, mode of delivery, hypertension and prophylactic anticoagulant therapy. TE during pregnancy was not noticeably correlated with age and hypertension. TE during pregnancy and in the puerperium are closely related diseases, but their epidemiological characteristics are apparently distinct. Both are associated with a high rate of preterm deliveries and a high perinatal mortality rate.
Treatment of premature labor contractions with combined ritodrine and indomethacine
Authors: Katz Z. , Lancet M. , Yemini M. , Mogilner B.M. , Feigl A. , Ben. Hur H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe results of combined ritodrine and indomethacine treatment (RI) in premature labor contractions were compared with ritodrine alone (R). One hundred and twenty patients with threatened premature labor in weeks 26–34 were studied. Sixty RI women received 100 mg ritodrine in infusion followed by 60 mg daily orally until 35 weeks and indomethacine 200 mg on the first day of treatment only. The R group included 60 women with identical tocolysis indices, age of pregnancy and anamnestic parameters who received ritodrine only. The mean prolongation index (PI) was 18.2 in the RI group, against 11.5 in the R patients (P < 0.05). The mean prolongation of pregnancy was 5.6 weeks in the first and 3.6 in the control group (P < 0.05). Birthweight and Apgar scores were similar in the two groups. In order to examine the possible early closure of the ductus arteriosus due to the indomethacin therapy, echocardiograms were done on all newborn in the RI group: the pre‐ejection period and right ventricular ejection time ratio was 0.19–0.26 after delivery and 0.17–0.22 1 month later, which excludes pulmonary diastolic hypertension due to premature closure of the duct. The combined RI treatment is more effective that R alone and does not give rise to any complications in the mother or the fetus.
IUD induced bleeding and the way of therapy
Authors: Batár István 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn a retrospective study containing 2404 cases of IUD induced bleeding problems, the type and timing of bleeding as well as the types of conservative therapy were evaluated. The non‐hormonal treatment (uterotonics, calcium, C‐ and K‐vitamin etc.) proved to be significantly less effective (P < 0.05) than the hormonal therapy (estrogen, gestagen and combined preparations). The rate of effectiveness was 80.1% and 86.7%, respectively. Because the effectiveness of the conservative therapy is 80%, even in the non‐hormonal group, the IUD should be removed only if this treatment proves to be ineffective. Attention is drawn to the importance of routine colposcopic and cytological screening.
Importance of ultrasonography in the follow‐up of patients treated for ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Juhász B. , Hernádi Z. , Tóth Z. , Lampé L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe importance of serial ultrasonography was studied in 28 patients with histologically verified ovarian tumors. The patients were receiving combined cytostatic treatment. By graphic illustration of tumor volume, sonography can be of help in the treatment and follow‐up of patients, as well as in the choice of appropriate therapy.
Sex hormones in women on hemodialysis
Authors: Mantouvalos H. , Metallinos C. , Makrygiannakis A. , Gouskos A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe pituitary‐ovarian axis was studied in 12 women with a creatinine clearance of less than 5 ml/min per 17 m2, established on regular hemodialysis for at least 12 months. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) serum levels were found to be slightly lower than normal, luteinizing hormone (LH) plasma concentration generally elevated, while progesterone and estradiol values were extremely low. The major reproductive consequence of chronic renal failure in women on hemodialysis is a severe impairment in ovulatory function.
The sex ratio of Igbo births
Authors: Egwuatu V.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe study determined that the sex ratio of live‐born infants in the Igbo‐occupied area of Nigeria is about 1.04. This figure, although similar to the 1.03 reported for Zaire and for the black populations of the US and the Caribbean, is lower than the 1.05 to 1.07 accepted for most European populations, the 1.06 recorded for the Yorubas of western Nigeria, and the 1.07 reported for the Hausa people of one northern Nigerian province. Values ranging from 1.12 to 1.14 have been reported for Africans of Uganda and Cameroun. All these figures are lower than the 1.15 recorded for the Far Eastern peoples and support the widely held impression that the sex ratio at birth is influenced by, among other factors, geographical and genetic distribution. Results of the study of Igbo births also showed that the sex ratio within a homogeneous population varies with place of confinement, from a high in hospitals to a low in community health centers.
Maternal mortality in the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) 1971–1982
Authors: Mashini Ibrahim , Mroueh Adnan , Hadi Hamid 
Published: April 2004

AbstractMaternal deaths were reviewed at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) during an 11‐year period, 1971–1982. There were 35,058 live births and 45 deaths making a maternal mortality rate of 128 per 100,000 live births. Hemorrhage, sepsis and toxemia were the main direct obstetric causes of death. The most important indirect causes were cerebrovascular accidents and heart disease. In this review, an analytic discussion of the direct and indirect causes of maternal death in Lebanon are presented and preventive measures are discussed.
Fetal tissue pH‐continuous intrapartum monitoring
Authors: Chatterjee Molly S. , Hetzel Fred , Kaminetzky Harold A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe glass tissue pH electrode was evaluated in 42 parturients. The results and technical difficulties are discussed. The fiberoptic tissue pH probe designed like an internal scalp electrode was evaluated in vitro and the results were found to be encouraging.
Hormones and electrolytes in premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Varma T.R. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe studied 10 normal and asymptomatic patients with ovulatory cycles and measured serum sodium, potassium, FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone and cortisol. The findings were compared with the levels in 25 patients with ovulatory cycles with premenstrual symptoms (PMS) lasting for 7–14 days prior to the onset of menstrual flow. We found no significant difference in serum sodium and potassium levels between the asymptomatic (control) group and the PMS group, or between the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. We found no difference in hormone levels other than an altered estrogen/progesterone ratio in the second half of the luteal phase in seven out of 12 PMS patients with severe symptoms and a higher level of cortisol in the luteal phase in six out of 12 patients with severe PMS symptoms. However, the level of serum cortisol was still within the normal range. There was no significant alteration in the levels of electrolytes or hormones during treatment with Navidrex K (cyclopenthiazide, diuretic) pyridoxine (Vitamin B‐6), dydrogesterone (Duphaston) alone, or all the three drugs combined.
Perinatal mortality in the Maltese Islands
Authors: Ventura C. Savona , Grech E.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis study analyzes the perinatal mortality statistics for the Maltese Islands since 1950 and compares them to those of other European countries. The mortality rate has taken a variable downward trend which can be correlated to important events during this period. Hospital perinatal mortality statistics are reviewed in the light of the national statistics.
Effect of venipuncture stress on plasma prolactin levels
Authors: Ferriani Rui Alberto , Silva De Sá Marcos Felipe 
Published: April 2004

AbstractVenipuncture for blood collection is postulated to be a stress factor that can increase circulating prolactin (PRL) and therefore produce false results. Seven normal non‐pregnant women and 44 gravidae were submitted to venipuncture with a butterfly needle connected to a syringe for vein maintenance. Blood was collected immediately (zero time) and 15 and 30 min after venipuncture. After the last collection, a vein in the contralateral arm was punctured in the non‐pregnant women only and a new blood sample was collected. PRL, measured by immunoassay, varied from 7 to 13.2 ng/ml in the non‐pregnant women and from 7 to 300 ng/ml in the gravidae. No significant difference in PRL values was detected at any of the collection times. It is concluded that the stress or pain caused by venipuncture is not sufficient to alter plasma PRL levels in normal (non‐pregnant) or hyperprolactinemic (gravidae) women.
Serum ferritin values in Nigerian pregnant women
Authors: Nnatu S.N.N. , Oluboyede O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSerum ferritin values have been studied in 28 indigenous Nigerian pregnant women during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The mean serum ferritin value in the second trimester is higher than that in the third trimester, however, the difference is not statistically significant. When our results are related to those of Fenton and co‐workers in 1977 (Fenton V, Cavill I, Fisher J: Iron stores in pregnancy. Br J Haem 37: 145, 1977) it appears that serum ferritin decreases in early pregnancy and that this decrease is maintained through the second and third trimesters and towards term, irrespective of adequate iron supplementation. It also seems that the pre‐pregnancy serum ferritin level is achieved 5–8 weeks post‐delivery.Our results also underline the sensitivity of serum ferritin evaluation in pregnancy, and reinforce the concept that fetal requirement for iron occurs significantly during the later half of pregnancy.
Ultrasonic and endocrinologic investigation of ovarian follicle and free fluid in cul‐de‐sac for monitoring follicular development and ovulation
Authors: Sengoku K. , Ishikawa M. , Kasamo M. , Yamashita K. , Shimizu T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe accuracy of ultrasound as a means of monitoring follicular development and ovulation detection was studied in 31 infertile women. The follicular diameter measured by ultrasound correlated well actual diameter found during laparotomy (r = 0.88), and estradiol‐17β (E2) and progesterone in follicular fluid aspirated from large follicles (≧ 16 mm) indicated high levels. Furthermore, in 23 out of the 55 cycle, ultrasound examinations demonstrated free fluid in cul‐de‐sac at ovulation, and concentrations of E2 and progesterone (P) in peritoneal fluid by the puncture of cul‐de‐sac dramatically increased after ovulation. We suggested that ultrasound monitoring provided a reliable measure of follicular growth and prediction of ovulation, and a combined use of ultrasound and puncture of cul‐de‐sac could be developed into a new tool for the study of the mechanism of human ovulation.
Normal growth of the fetal biparietal diameter in an African population
Authors: Ayangade S.O. , Okonofua F.E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) was measured by ultrasound during normal pregnancy in 558 Nigerian women. The range of BPD values for each week of pregnancy from 12 weeks until term (713 measurements) was computed from cross‐sectional data. The data were used to illustrate the variation in weekly growth rate according to fetal maturity and head size.The results revealed a curve similar to those reported from Caucasian populations but with much less flexion in the later weeks of pregnancy. The BPD values per week were also less in this study group. The reasons for these differences are discussed.
A review of ten years' experience with surgical equipment in international health programs
Authors: Castadot Robert G. , Magarick Ronald H. , Sheppard Lianne , Burkman Ronald T. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO) began in June of 1973 with financial assistance from the Agency for International Development (AID). The purpose of the organization was to provide training and medical equipment to physicians in developing countries to update their education in reproductive health. JHPIEGO began by offering courses in the United States and shortly thereafter began training at centers in the developing countries themselves.Because of its important contributions to gynecological diagnosis in addition to its use in fertility management, laparoscopic equipment has been a major item in JHPIEGO reproductive health training. This paper details the development and role of laparoscopic training in JHPIEGO's program.Laparoscopic training begins with selection of trainees from appropriate institutions. Training itself begins with a didactic session at Baltimore or an in‐country center. Trainees then receive clinical training and perform a minimum number of procedures, after which the practitioner, if he or she has successfully completed the clinical practice, can be named eligible to receive medical equipment to be donated to his or her institution. When equipment is installed, a field visit is made by a JHPIEGO consultant to insure the proper use and upkeep of equipment, and the understanding and implementation of standards and procedures.JHPIEGO has trained almost 3000 physicians in laparoscopy techniques between 1973 and 1984.
Labor patterns in grand multiparas
Authors: Petrikovsky B. , Cohen M. , Moy F. , Tancer M.L. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFive hundred consecutive normal, term, grand multiparous labors were the subject of retrospective computer analysis. The purpose of the present study is to describe a labor curve applicable to the grand multipara.Computer analysis revealed the following features of the “grand multipara” labor curve. The following deviations from the “classical” curve were observed: (1) The active phase of labor begins at 5–6 cm of cervical dilatation. (2) There is no deceleration phase. (3) Descent of the presenting part begins at 7–8 cm of cervical dilatation.Knowledge of the labor pattern may be helpful in the clinical management of labor in the grand multiparous patient.
Decreased fetal activity in complications of pregnancy
Authors: Sadovsky E. , Ohel G. , Simon A. , Aboulafia Y. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFetal activity expresses the fetal condition in utero. Absence of fetal movements may signify fetal distress. The reduction in fetal movements (FM) to 3 or less or their cessation for at least 12 h with audible heart beats was referred to by us as movement alarm signla (MAS). The rate of MAS in 662 complicated pregnancies was studied. There were 43 patients (6.5%) with MAS mainly in cases of fetal malformations and conditions associated with reduced utero‐placental blood flow. In 13 cases a non‐intervention approach was undertaken and all the fetuses died in utero. The remaining 30 cases with MAS were delivered promptly, mainly by Cesarean section and live births resulted. Eight of these died neonatally.It is suggested that in cases of MAS the diagnosis of fetal distress should be verified by additional tests. Should fetal distress be confirmed, especially in cases of polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios and symmetrical growth retardation, every effort should be made to exclude fetal malformations before delivery is undertaken especially by Cesarean section.
Clinical evaluation of steroid receptors in ovarian neoplasms
Authors: Agarwal N. , Rao D.L. , Murgeshan K. , Verma U. , Mittal S. , Buckshee K. , Chapeker T.N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractEstrogen and progesterone receptors were estimated in a total of 25 ovarian neoplasms. None of the benign tumors showed steroid receptors. In malignant tumors serous tumors were more often receptor positive than the mucinous. Receptor levels were correlated with the staging of the disease, menstrual status and the resectability of the tumor. The response to chemotherapeutic drugs was better in patients with low estrogen and progesterone receptors as compared to those with high levels. The latter group showed a definite response to progesterone treatment in vitro. These are the group of patients who may benefit by combination of hormones and chemotherapeutic drugs.
Genital amebiasis
Authors: Veliath A.J. , Bansal R. , Sankaran V. , Rajaram P. , Parkash S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractFive cases of amebiasis of the genital tract involving the cervix, vulva and penis are described. All presented as an ulcerating mass and were clinically suspected to have a tumor. In two cases the amebiasis co‐existed with a carcinoma, an association which is extremely rare. The spouse of a patient with penile amebiasis was found to have amebiasis of the cervix suggesting a sexually transmitted mode of infection. The need for histopathological confirmation of all suspected genital malignancies is emphasised due to the striking resemblance of genital amebiasis to a carcinoma. The co‐existence of amebiasis with carcinoma is of interest and suggests a possible etiological relationship.
The value of computed tomography in staging cervical carcinoma
Authors: Botsis D. , Gregoriou O. , Kalovidouris A. , Tsarouchis K. , Zourias P.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe purpose of our study was to determine the value of computed tomography (CT) in relation to the local extension of cervical carcinoma and the possible spread in the peritoneal and the retroperitoneal space. Sixty‐five patients treated for cervical carcinoma during the period 1980–1986 were included in the study. Histologic diagnosis of the disease was done by punch cervical biopsy and diagnostic curettage. The investigation of all patients included intravenous pyelography, barium enema, bone and liver scanning and CT. Our results demonstrate a correlation between CT and pathologic data in 75–78.5% depending on stage. CT may be considered as a dependable method for staging of cervical carcinoma.
Adrenal response to adrenocorticotropin stimulation in unexplained infertile women
Authors: Cohen I. , Blanstein J. , Ben‐Michael R. , Lunenfeld B. , Eshkol A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe response to a rapid intravenous administration of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH, cortrosyn) was compared in 24 unexplained infertile women and 13 fertile women. There was no significant difference in the response to a rapid ACTH stimulation as expressed by the slope of testosterone (T) response in both groups. However, the individual and mean T values prior and following the stimulation were significantly higher in the infertile group (P < 0.001; P < 0.005, respectively). There was no significant difference in individual values as well as in mean basal values or in mean values of 17‐hydroxyprogesterone (17‐OHP) after the stimulation between the two study groups (P < 0.3; P < 0.9, respectively). There was no significant difference in individual values as well as in mean values of dehydroepiadnrosterone (DHEA) before or 90 min after the stimulation between the two study groups (P < 0.1; P < 0.2, respectively). It can therefore be concluded that the elevated basal testosterone values in the infertile group originated from the ovary. Despite the fact that no attempt was made to reduce androgen values 7 (46.66%) of 15 infertile women who were available for follow‐up and treatment conceived following ovulation induction therapy.
Menstrual regulation in Bangladesh: an evaluation of training and service programs
Authors: Amin R. , Kamal G.M. , Mariam A.G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis article evaluates the performance of three urban menstrual regulation (MR) training and service programs in Bangladesh. Virtually all of the MR providers including physicians and paramedics in the three centers received training in various MR procedures by means of demonstration or class lectures. However, a significant proportion of the trained MR providers were unable to render proper MR services due to the lack of clinical facilities and lack of equipment. Analysis of follow‐up data for MR clients revealed that those women who utilized MR procedures offered through the centers had an average of about three live births. Physician providers were more likely to serve clients from a higher socioeconomic strata, while paramedical providers were more likely to serve MR clients from lower socioeconomic strata or agricultural background. Most of the clients receiving MR services were ever and current users of contraceptives and developed fewer complications from MR procedures than those served by untrained traditional herbalists, healers or birth attendants.
Ultrasound measurement of fetal abdominal circumference and the ratio of biparietal diameter to transverse abdominal diameter in a mixed Nigerian population
Authors: Okonofua F.E. , Ayangade S.O. , Ajibulu O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe fetal adbominal circumference (FAC) and biparietal diameter to transverse abdominal diameter ratio (BPD/TAD) were measured by ultrasound in 219 normal pregnant Nigerian women from 20 weeks until term using the cross‐sectional method. There was a progressive linear growth of the FAC and a consistent standard deviation throughout the study period. When compared to caucasian growth curves, the curve shapes were identical but the FAC values were consistently less for each week of gestation in our Nigerian sample. The BPD/TAD ratio showed a progressive fall from 20 weeks until term similar to that previously noted for fetal head circumference to abdominal circumference ratio, indicating that this parameter may also be useful for predicting abnormal fetal growth.
Apgar scores and umbilical cord arterial pH in the breech neonate
Authors: Socol M.L. , Cohen L. , Depp R. , Dooley S.L. , Tamura R.K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractApgar scores and umbilical cord arterial pH measurements of 449 singleton breech deliveries are compared retrospectively to those of 1425 singleton vertex neonates. In the vaginal deliveries the Apgar scores and umbilical arterial pH were higher for the vertex neonates. There were no differences in either Apgar scores or umbilical arterial pH between the breech and vertex neonates delivered by cesarean section. Whereas Apgar scores in the < 1000 g and ⩾ 2500 g weight groups were lower in the breech neonates delivered vaginally compared to cesarean section, umbilical arterial pH measurements were similar. The data suggest that liberal use of cesarean section may improve the Apgar scores but will probably not appreciably improve the acid‐base status of the breech neonate.