bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of persistent postoperative hyperglycemia with mortality after elective craniotomy
Authors: He Jialing , Zhang Yu , Jia Lu , Cheng Xin , Tian Yixin , Hao Pengfei , Li Tiangui , Xiao Yangchun , Peng Liyuan , Feng Yuning , Deng Haidong , Wang Peng , Chong Weelic , Hai Yang , Chen Lvlin , You Chao , Fang Fang 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
The influence of persistent postoperative hyperglycemia after craniotomy has not yet been explored. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that persistent postoperative hyperglycemia is associated with mortality in patients undergoing an elective craniotomy.

METHODS
This study included adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) undergoing an elective craniotomy between January 2011 and March 2021 at the West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Peak daily blood glucose values measured within the first 7 days after craniotomy were collected. Persistent hyperglycemia was defined by two or more consecutive serum glucose levels of mild, moderate, or severe hyperglycemia. Normoglycemia, mild hyperglycemia, moderate hyperglycemia, and severe hyperglycemia were defined as glucose values of ≤ 6.1 mmol/L, > 6.1 and ≤ 7.8 mmol/L, > 7.8 and ≤ 10.0 mmol/L, and > 10.0 mmol/L, respectively.

RESULTS
This study included 14,907 patients undergoing an elective craniotomy. In the multivariable analysis, both moderate (adjusted OR 3.76, 95% CI 2.68–5.27) and severe (adjusted OR 3.82, 95% CI 2.54–5.76) persistent hyperglycemia in patients were associated with higher 30-day mortality compared with normoglycemia. However, this association was not observed in patients with mild hyperglycemia (adjusted OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.93–1.88). Interestingly, this association was observed regardless of whether patients had preoperative hyperglycemia. There was no interaction between moderate or severe hyperglycemia and preexisting diabetes (p for interaction = 0.65). When postoperative peak blood glucose values within the first 7 days after craniotomy were evaluated as a continuous variable, for each 1-mmol/L increase in blood glucose, the adjusted OR of 30-day mortality was 1.17 (95% CI 1.14–1.21). Postoperative blood glucose (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.78) was superior to preoperative blood glucose (AUC = 0.65; p < 0.001) for predicting mortality. Moderate and severe persistent hyperglycemia in patients were associated with an increased risk of deep venous thrombosis (adjusted OR 3.20, 95% CI 2.31–4.42), pneumonia (adjusted OR 2.77, 95% CI 2.40–3.21), myocardial infarction (adjusted OR 4.38, 95% CI 3.41–5.61), and prolonged hospital stays (adjusted OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.29–1.59).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients undergoing an elective craniotomy, moderate and severe persistent postoperative hyperglycemia were associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with normoglycemia, regardless of preoperative hyperglycemia.
The association of thromboembolic complications and the use of tranexamic acid during resection of intracranial meningiomas: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Nguyen Andrew , Brown Nolan J. , Gendreau Julian , Nguyen Brandon A. , Pennington Zach , Zhang Angie , Harris Mark H. , Chakravarti Sachiv , Douse Dontre’ M. , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
Antifibrinolytics, such as tranexamic acid (TXA), have been shown to decrease intraoperative blood loss across multiple surgical disciplines. However, they carry the theoretical risk of thromboembolic events secondary to induced hypercoagulability. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature and perform a meta-analysis on the use of TXA in meningioma resection to assess thromboembolic risks.

METHODS
The PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were reviewed for all randomized controlled trials presenting primary data on TXA use during resection of intracranial meningiomas. Data were gathered on operative duration, venous thromboembolic complications, deep venous thrombosis, use of allogeneic blood transfusion, estimated blood loss (EBL), and postoperative hemoglobin. Patients who received TXA were compared with controls who did not receive TXA intraoperatively using random-effects models.

RESULTS
A total of 508 unique articles were identified, of which 493 underwent full-text review. Ultimately, 6 studies with 381 total patients (190 receiving TXA) were included in the final analysis. All 6 trials were randomized, blinded, and placebo controlled with a TXA administration rate of a 20-mg/kg load followed by a 1-mg/kg/hr infusion. All studies were performed in lower-middle-income countries. There were no reported instances of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the TXA and non-TXA cohorts. Patients receiving TXA exhibited fewer allogeneic transfusions (21.5% vs 41.6% [OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09–0.77], p = 0.02) and lower EBL (MD −282.48 mL [95% CI −367.77 to −197.20 mL], p < 0.001) compared with patients who did not receive TXA, and they also had lower rates of perioperative complications (10.7% vs 19.9% [OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.2–0.95], p = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS
Current literature suggests that TXA is not associated with increased risk for VTE when administered during resection of intracranial meningioma. TXA appears to decrease intraoperative blood loss and allogeneic transfusion requirements during meningioma resection and thus may improve the safety of surgical management of this pathology.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of sliding redundancy of radioelectronic facilities
Authors: Gelfman T. E. , Pirkhavka A. P. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. The increased reliability of radioelectronic facilities can be achieved by the application of structural and load redundancy. Structural redundancy is achieved taking into account multiplicity of redundancy and the intensity of failures of elements of radioelectronic facilities, while load redundancy involves an easing of electrical, thermal, and mechanical operating modes of the elements. The choice of a redundancy method is determined according to reliability indicator requirements, which may often be contradictory. Therefore, the problem of how to effectively combine structural redundancy and load redundancy methods is very topical. In long-life radioelectronic facilities, for example, in satellite communication repeater systems, sliding redundancy is applied when limiting mass-dimensional parameters and consequently consumed energy. The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of sliding redundancy according to various reliability indicators when altering redundancy multiplicity, reserve operating mode, element failure intensity, and switching device type.Methods. To describe the structure of a complex sliding redundancy system, a logical-probabilistic method is used, in which the dependence of the system reliability indicators on the reliability indicators of the elements is formulated as a logical function of operability. Graph-analytical methods are used to compare different variants of reliability logic schemes.Results. Mathematical models have been obtained to evaluate the effectiveness of sliding reservation. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of sliding redundancy with a loaded and unloaded reserve was carried out in terms failure-free operation probability, as well as gamma-percentage resource, failure rate when changing the fractional multiplicity of the redundancy, and element failure rate. The influence of the reliability of the switching device on the efficiency of the sliding redundancy is considered.Conclusions. Practical recommendations on the selection of the redundancy mode are presented according to different reliability indices and constructed mathematical models of the sliding redundancy efficiency coefficients. The correlation between the reliability indices of elements and the switching device whose reliability can be discounted, is determined. To increase the efficiency of sliding redundancy of radioelectronic facilities, it is necessary to combine multiplicity of redundancy and the operating mode of the reserve with approaches aimed at reducing the intensity of failure of elements.
Application of double-error correction codes to protect configuration programmable logic memory against space radiation
Authors: Lepeshkina E. S. , Kustov N. D. , Khanov V. K. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. Programmable logic integrated circuits of the field programmable gate array (FPGA) type based on static configuration memory are widely used in the electronics of onboard spacecraft systems. Under the influence of space radiation, errors may occur in the FPGA configuration memory. The main methods of protection against such errors involve various options for reservation triggers, as well as the use of error-correcting codes in special error detection and correction circuits. The purpose of the present work is to determine which error-correcting codes are best suited to the implementation of internal scrubbing of the FPGA configuration memory taking redundancy into account.Methods. The paper analyses various methods for scrubbing FPGA configuration memory, which are used to correct errors caused by the action of space radiation. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of internal scrubbing of the FPGA configuration memory using codes that correct both single- and double-adjacent SEC-DED-DAEC errors. In this case, the need to perform external scrubbing of the configuration memory is reduced by overwriting it with a reference configuration from non-volatile radiation-resistant memory; in this way, FPGA downtime caused by the external scrubbing procedure is reduced. Due to the known SEC-DED-DAEC codes having a non-zero probability of erroneous detection and subsequent erroneous correction of a double non-adjacent error, as well as various redundancy and implementation complexities, a study was made of the most efficient code for internal scrubbing.Results. The results showed that the Datta, Neale and Hoyoon–Yongsurk codes are optimal from the indicated positions. Recommendations are given for selecting a specific code depending on the specific requirements for a particular planned space mission.Conclusions. The study confirms the effectiveness of protecting the memory of programmable logic by using two-error-correcting codes.
Automatic depersonalization of confidential information
Authors: Babak N G. , Belorybkin L. Yu. , Otsokov S. A. , Terenin A. T. , Shabrova A. I. 
Published: October 2023

Objectives. As the scope of personal data transmitted online continues to grow, national legislatures are increasingly regulating the storage and processing of digital information. This paper raises the problem of protecting personal data and other confidential information such as bank secrecy or medical confidentiality of individuals. One approach to the protection of confidential data is to depersonalize it, i.e., to transform it so that it becomes impossible to identify the specific subject to whom the data belongs. The aim of the work is to develop a method for the rapid and safe automation of the depersonalization process using machine learning technologies.Methods. The authors propose the use of artificial intelligence models to implement a system for the automatic depersonalization of personal data without the use of human labor to preclude the possibility of recognizing confidential information even in unstructured data with sufficient accuracy. Rule-based algorithms for improving the precision of the depersonalization system are described.Results. In order to solve this problem, a model of named entity recognition is trained on confidential data provided by the authors. In conjunction with rule-based algorithms, an F1 score greater than 0.9 is achieved. For solving specific depersonalization problems, a choice between several implemented anonymization algorithm variants can be made.Conclusions. The developed system solves the problem of automatic anonymization of confidential data. This opens an opportunity to ensure the secure processing and transmission of confidential information in many areas, such as banking, government administration, and advertising campaigns. The automation of the depersonalization process makes it possible to transfer confidential information in cases where it is necessary, but not currently possible due to legal restrictions. The distinctive feature of the developed solution is that both structured data and unstructured data are depersonalized, including the preservation of context.
Characteristics of Maxilllofacial Trauma Patiens before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Oral and Maxilllofacial Surgery Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung
Authors: Fauzi Tendi , Syamsudin Endang , Sylvyana Melita 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, motor vehicle accidents, falls, physical assaults, and sports injuries were the main causes of maxillofacial trauma. The existence of interventions to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in home-centered social activities in the community. This also contributes to alterations in the aetiology of maxillofacial trauma that occur worldwide and may affect other characteristics of this entity.
Methods:This is a retrospective study conducted at the Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, and was carried out in September–December 2022. The population of this study were maxillofacial trauma patients with diagnoses of vulnus (laceratum, schissum, punctum, and morsum), frontal, mandibular, maxillary fractures, orbit, naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE), zygomaticus, and dentoalveolar fractures before the 2018–2019 pandemic period and during the 2020–2021 pandemic period at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung through the emergency department.The variables studied included age, gender, type of trauma, etiology, alcohol involvement, and management.The data are presented as frequency distribution and percentage in tabular and diagram.
Results: During the 2018–2021 periods, there were 504 patients who experienced maxillofacial trauma before the COVID-19 pandemic, and this number has decreased to 216 patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of maxillofacial trauma experienced both before (n = 314; [62%]) and during (n = 166; [77%]) the COVID-19 pandemic was caused by motor vehicle accidents. Most of patients before the COVID-19 pandemic were aged 0–19 years (n = 230; [46%]), meanwhile, during the COVID-19 pandemic most patients were aged 20–39 years (n = 88; [41%]).Overall, there were no differences in sex characteristics, alcohol involvement, type of maxillofacial trauma, or treatment given before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: The existence of interventions to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic by imposing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) has resulted in modifications to community social activities that are centered in the home. This factor contributed to some differences in the characteristics of maxillofacial trauma patients at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Hasan Sadikin Hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma, Characteristics, COVID-19
Hemoglobina glicosilada y el grado de sarcopenia: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Sacón Ayerbe Camila Salomé , Cevallos Teneda Andrea Carolina 
Published: October 2023

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus tipo II (DM2) y la sarcopenia son condiciones que presentan una alta prevalencia y complicaciones significativas, lo que las convierte en importantes problemas de salud pública. Objetivos: Efectuar una revisión sistemática sobre la correlación clínica de la hemoglobina glicosilada y el grado de sarcopenia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II para su correcto diagnóstico y manejo en nuestro medio. Metodología: Este estudio se basa en una revisión sistemática de 12 artículos científicos originales publicados entre enero de 2019 y junio de 2023, enfocados en la relación entre DM2 y sarcopenia. Resultados: Los hallazgos indican una prevalencia creciente de sarcopenia en pacientes con DM2, especialmente cuando el control glicémico es inadecuado. Se observó que niveles de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) superiores a 8,5% se asocian con un mayor riesgo de desarrollar sarcopenia. Los estudios analizados también sugieren que el tratamiento más efectivo para mitigar la sarcopenia es una combinación de ejercicios de resistencia y asesoramiento nutricional. Aunque la HbA1c es un indicador útil para el monitoreo del control glicémico, no refleja las fluctuaciones diarias en los niveles de glucosa, que también son un factor importante en el desarrollo de la sarcopenia. Conclusiones: La revisión concluye que un diagnóstico temprano y una intervención multidisciplinaria son cruciales para prevenir y tratar la sarcopenia en pacientes con DM2. Área de estudio general: Salud. Área de estudio específica: Medicina General. Tipo de estudio: Artículos originales
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS MACERATION TECHNIQUES FOR COLLECTION OF HUMAN BONES IN ANATOMY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Shahabuddin  , Anwar ul haq  , Nadeem Faiza , Javed Mehvish , Ahmad Iftikhar , Siddiqui Naheed , Khushbakht Urooj 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: To compare diff erent maceration processes in terms of efficacy, efficiency, and destructiveness.
Materials and Methods: Four techniques were used to clean the bones, following dissection the samples were buried for a period of two years in the department's burial area. Following the excavation, the bones were cleaned; the dismembered portions were manually de-fleshed. The bones were released from the joints. In the first technique, the bones were immersed in detergent for 24 hours following excavation. The second approach involved dipping bones into a liquid lime solution. In the third technique hydrogen peroxide was used to chemically cure the bones. In the fourth technique 30% hydrogen peroxide and baking soda were combined to create a paste. Applying this, bones were coated for 24 hours. All the four techniques were compared.
Results: The procedure utilizing 30% H2O2 was the best in terms of maceration duration, ease of soft tissue removal, and successful procurement with little damage. The new technique, which involved application of paste was made of baking soda and H2O2 was effective and efficient for smaller specimens. It didn't take very long and with almost no damage to the bones.
Conclusion: Excellent results were obtained with maceration using 30% H2O2. The newly developed approach worked well for small specimens and save time. The removal of soft tissue was simple and caused no or little bone damage.
Hambatan Implementasi Rekam Medis Elektronik dari Perspektif Perekam Medis Dengan Metode PIECES
Authors: Sari Dewi Tika , Silva Aicia Anatha 
Published: October 2023

Implentasi Rekam medis elektronik (RME) meskipun sudah di implentasikan secara luas akan tetapi masih banyak kendala yang ditemukan. Dalam pelaksanaan RME di RST dr. Soedjono Magelang masih belum berjalan maksimal dengan ditemukan berbagai kendala. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi hambatan implementasi RME dari perspektif petugas rekam medis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan pendekatan semi terstruktur pada 6 informan petugas rekam medis yang bertugas di unit pendaftaran, coding, analisa, dan pelaporan. Peneliti menggunakan analisis induktif untuk menentukan koding, kategori dan tema dari hambatan implementasi RME. Hasil penelitian ini dtemukan 12 tema terkait hambatan implementasi RME di RST dr. Soedjono Magelang yaitu kinerja RME, kecepatan sistem, modul dan fitur, akurasi informasi, kualitas keluaran, integritas data, kendala teknis, biaya, keamanan data, kendala non teknis, efisiensi RME dan kualitas layanan RME. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan beberapa masalah yang pada implementasi RME di RST dr. Soedjono Magelang yaitu dari aspek kecepatan sistem, modul dan fitur, akurasi informasi, kualitas keluaran, integritas data, kendala teknis, biaya, keamanan data, kendala non teknis, efisiensi RME dan kualitas layanan RME.
Kata Kunci: Rekam Medis Elektronik, Hambatan, PIECES
Osmanlı Devleti’nden Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne Kadın Hakları ve Statüsü
Authors: CANDEĞER Ümmügülsüm 
Published: October 2023

Eski Türklerde hayatın zor koşulları ve doğaya olan saygının da gereği olarak kadın ve erkek arasında büyük bir ayrım yapılmamış insanoğlunun iki cinsi de kişisel haklarına sahip olmuştur. Yönetim kademesinde de hakanın eşi hatun unvanıyla devlet yönetiminde söz sahibi olmuştur. Çağdaşı olan diğer toplumlarda ise kadın genellikle ikinci sınıf vatandaş konumunda olup ya öldürülmüş ya da satılmıştır. Diğer toplumlarda aile kurumunun içinde de kadına insan olmanın gereği olan haklarının verilmediği görülmüştür.
Türklerin İslamiyet’i kabulünden ve Anadolu’ya gelişinden sonraki dönemde ise hem çevredeki kültürlerle olan etkileşimleri hem de dinin yorumlanması neticesinde kadınlar özellikle şehirlerde evlerinin içine hapsolmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti’nin XIX. yüzyıldaki yenileşme ve batılılaşma döneminde kadınlar toplum içinde daha görünür hale gelmeye başlamış, özellikle savaşlardaki kayıplar nedeniyle kadınlar çalışma yaşamında daha çok yer almaya başlamışlardır. Osmanlı Devleti’nin son yıllarında eğitim alanında haklara sahip olmayı başaran kadınlar Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra önce eğitim ardından medeni kanun ile kişisel haklarına ve daha sonra da siyasi haklarına sahip olmuşlardır. Siyasi haklarının kazanılmasında önce belediye seçimleri ardından muhtarlık seçimleri ve son olarak da milletvekili seçme ve seçilme hakkına sahip olmuşlardır.
Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nden Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne giden süreçte kadın haklarındaki değişim ve dönüşüm ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada birinci el kaynaklar ve ikinci el kaynaklardan yararlanılarak kadın haklarındaki gelişimin daha iyi açıklanması amaçlanmıştır.
Cumhuriyetin 100 Yılında Türkiye’de Karayolu Politikası
Authors: ÖZDEMİR TİRYAKİ Nuray 
Published: October 2023

Günümüzde, Türkiye’de karayolları başlıca ulaşım sistemi olup demiryolları, havayolları ve denizyollarına oranla daha çok gelişme göstermiştir. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında ulaşımda öncelik dönemin en ucuz ve en güvenli ulaşım aracı olan demiryollarına verilmiş karayolları ise daha çok demiryollarını tamamlayacak şekilde ele alınmıştır. Ülkeyi demir ağlarla örmek hedeflenmiştir. Ancak 1940’lı yıllarda motorlu taşıtların kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte dayanıklı karayollarına ihtiyaç artmıştır. II.Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Türkiye’de ulaşım politikasında büyük bir değişim yaşanmış ve ulaşımda ağrılık karayollarına verilmiştir. Bunda ABD’nin yönlendirmelerinin etkisi de büyük olmuştur. Soğuk Savaş döneminde Sovyet tehdidine karşı yapılan ABD yardımlarından karayollarına finansman ve teknik destek sağlanmıştır. Olası bir sıcak savaşta ABD’nin Türkiye üzerinden Sovyetler Birliği’ni durdurma planları doğrultusunda stratejik açıdan önem taşıyan yolların yapımı desteklenmiştir. Türkiye’de yol programları hazırlanmış ve kol gücünden makineli yol yapımına geçilmiştir. DP döneminde karayolu ulaşımına verilen öncelik de Türkiye’nin ulaşım politikasında yaşanan değişimi hızlandırmıştır. Günümüze gelinceye kadar otoyol yapımıyla ivme kazanan karayolu ulaşımı diğer ulaşım sektörleri arasında birinci sırada yer almıştır. Ne yazık ki gerek iç gerekse dış politik gelişmelerin etkisiyle Türkiye’de 100 yıllık süreçte kara, demir, deniz ve havayollarını birbirine paralel bir şekilde geliştirmeye yönelik politikalar izlenememiştir. Çoğunlukla yük ve yolcu taşımacılığı karayolu üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Bundan dolayı Türkiye, bayram, doğal afet gibi trafiğin yoğun olduğu dönemlerde tek bir ulaşım sektörüne bağımlı olmanın acısını fazlasıyla ödemektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyetin 100 yılında Türkiye’de karayolu ulaşımında izlenen politikalar ve karayollarında yaşanan değişim-dönüşüm incelenmiştir. Gerek iç gerekse dış politik gelişmelerin Türkiye’nin ulaşım politikası üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durularak karayolu ulaşımında yaşanan gelişmeler anlatılmıştır. Karayolu ağırlıklı ulaşım politikasının Türkiye’nin iktisadi, siyasi ve sosyal hayatına etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.