bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced recovery after surgery in patients after hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Qingqing , Chen Yuzhang , Li Yi , Liu Ruikang , Rai Saroj , Li Jin , Hong Pan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeEnhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was characterized as patient-centered, evidence-based, multidisciplinary team-developed routes for a surgical speciality and institution to improve postoperative recovery and attenuate the surgical stress response. However, evidence of their effectiveness in osteoarthroplasty remains sparse. This study aimed to develop an ERAS standard and evaluate the significance of ERAS interventions for postoperative outcomes after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane databases, and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case–control studies until 24 February 2023. All relevant data were collected from studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and extracted data. The primary outcome was the length of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and readmission rate. The secondary outcomes included transfusion rate, mortality rate, visual analog score (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Short Form 36 (SF-36) bodily pain (SF-36 BP), SF-36 physical function (SF-36 PF), oxford knee score, and range of motion (ROM).ResultsA total of 47 studies involving 76 971 patients (ERAS group: 29 702, control group: 47 269) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The result showed that ERAS could significantly shorten the LOS (WMD = −2.65, P &lt; .001), reduce transfusion rate (OR = 0.40, P &lt; .001), and lower 30-day postoperative mortality (OR = 0.46, P = .01) without increasing postoperative complications or readmission rate. Apart from that, ERAS may decrease patients’ VAS (WMD = −0.88, P = .01) while improving their ROM (WMD = 6.65, P = .004), SF-36 BP (WMD = 4.49, P &lt; .001), and SF-36 PF (WMD = 3.64, P &lt; .001) scores. However, there was no significant difference in WOMAC, oxford knee score between the ERAS and control groups.Furthermore, we determined that the following seven components of the ERAS program are highly advised: avoid bowel preparation, PONV prophylaxis, standardized anesthesia, use of local anesthetics for infiltration analgesia and nerve blocks, tranexamic acid, prevent hypothermia, and early mobilization.ConclusionOur meta-analysis suggested that the ERAS could significantly shorten the LOS, reduce transfusion rate, and lower 30-day postoperative mortality without increasing postoperative complications or readmission rate after THA and TKA. Meanwhile, ERAS could decrease the VAS of patients while improving their ROM, SF-36 BP, and SF-36 PF scores. Finally, we expect future studies to utilize the seven ERAS elements proposed in our meta-analysis to prevent increased readmission rate for patients with THA or TKA.
Development and characterization of a dynamic mass instrument (DMI) for use in microwave heating experiments
Authors: Cole James D , Sheridan Simon , Lim Sungwoo , Sargeant Hannah M , Anand Mahesh , Morse Andrew D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study describes the development of an instrument known as the dynamic mass instrument (DMI) for use in microwave heating experiments that will allow greater insight in to the efficacy of the technique. A commercially available load cell is used as the main mechanism of mass measurement with a load arm used to provide microwave isolation of the load cell. The DMI is capable of measuring changes in mass with a mass range of 100 g to 200 g with an accuracy of ± 0.1 g in an environment of 250 W, 2.45 GHz microwaves under a working pressure of 3 mbar. A series of calibrations and experiments have been performed to quantify and clarify the behaviour of the instrument in different environments and scenarios and to ensure the DMI meets preset requirements. The DMI will, in future work, be used in In Situ Resource Utilisation experiments to examine in greater detail the efficacy of using microwave heating as a water extraction technique.
Forging monetary unification through novation: the TARGET system and the politics of central banking in Europe
Authors: Murau Steffen , Giordano Matteo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
When the European Monetary Union became effective in January 1999, the accounting treatment for claims and obligations which the Eurosystem’s National Central Banks (NCBs) incur against each other in the ‘Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Express Transfer’ (TARGET) system remained unspecified. Only later in 1999, the Governing Council of the European Central Bank (ECB) decided that these claims and obligations should be shifted to the ECB’s balance sheet as a central counterparty—a process called ‘novation’. This ex-post decision completed monetary unification by uniquely ‘stitching together’ NCBs’ balance sheets while profoundly transforming the role of the ECB’s balance sheet. First, novation centralised it at the Eurosystem’s apex, which had not been politically feasible ex ante. Secondly, novation repurposed it into a multilateral mechanism to provide automatic, unlimited funding for cross-border payment imbalances. Thirdly, novation allowed monetary technocrats to operationalise it as an autonomous ‘firefighting’ balance sheet for unconventional monetary policy.
Gender, Symbolic and Social Boundaries, and Deconversion from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
Authors: Jindra Ines W , Thompson Jenna , Giesler Fredi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints is characterized by specific expectations in the realm of gender roles and sexuality, expectations which can be interpreted as heteronormative symbolic boundaries between the LDS Church and the world at large. In this article, through qualitative interviews, we explore the ways 27 women who leave the Church are influenced by, respond to, and ultimately reject some of the symbolic boundaries. We found that many women struggle with gendered expectations regarding home, careers, with norms regarding heterosexuality and sexuality within marriage, and gender identity conformity expectations, rejecting them at different times in their lives. Intersecting with the life course, we demonstrate how the interaction between the rejection of these symbolic boundaries and experienced social boundaries in the form of exclusion from the family, community, and church-related institutions contributes to deconversion and shapes its consequences afterward.
Prospective Multicenter Preliminary Validation of Limb Deformity–modified Scoliosis Instruments in Pediatric Patients With Limb Deformity
Authors: Moon Tyler James , Canitia Emily , Amakoutou Kouami , Jasty Naveen , Sachwani Numera , Flanagan Jill C. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
There are few disease-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use in pediatric limb deformity (LD), with authors instead relying on generic PROMs such as the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) to assess treatment outcomes from the patient’s perspective. The purpose of this study was to perform preliminary validation of 2 disease-specific PROMs in pediatric patients with LD.

Methods:
LD modifications were created by substituting the word “limb” for “back” in the Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ, ages 10 and younger) and the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS, ages 11 to 18) survey, creating the LD-EOSQ and LD-SRS instruments. Children were preoperatively administered the age-appropriate LD-PROMs (n=34 LD-EOSQ; n=30 LD-SRS) and PODCI questionnaires. LD-PROMs were assessed for construct (convergent and discriminant) validity, floor and ceiling effects, content validity, and minimal clinically important difference.

Results:
Both LD-EOSQ and LD-SRS demonstrated excellent preliminary convergent validity with similar PODCI domains and discriminant validity with demographic information, deformity data, and LLRS-AIM scores. There were minimal floor or ceiling effects. Content validity was achieved in 100% of LD-EOSQ surveys and more than 80% of LD-SRS surveys. Minimal clinically important difference was 0.4 for LD-EOSQ and 0.3 for LD-SRS.

Conclusions:
The LD-EOSQ for patients aged 10 and under and LD-SRS for patients aged 11 to 18 demonstrated preliminary validity and reliability in the pediatric LD population. These measures provide more information specifically related to familial impact in younger children and self-image and mental health in adolescents compared to the PODCI and should be further evaluated for use in these patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—diagnostic. Prospective cross-sectional cohort design.
Clinical and Histopathologic Study of Apocrine-Type Mixed Tumor of the Skin
Authors: Ishihara Yuri , Ogita Azusa , Ito Keigo , Saeki Hidehisa , Ansai Shin-ichi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Mixed tumor of the skin (MTS) is a tumor characterized by folliculosebaceous–apocrine differentiation. Because of the wide range of histological variations, understanding the unique features of MTS can help improve diagnosis. This study describes the histopathological characteristics of MTS, mainly apocrine-type MTS (AMT), using 166 cases of AMT. We found that nodular aggregates of myoepithelial cells, mucinous changes in the stroma, and follicular differentiation were standard characteristic features of MTS. Among the cases studied, 67% showed prominent follicular germinative cells and 40% showed prominent lipomatous metaplasia in the stroma. These cases often pose difficulties for the diagnosis of AMT because of insufficient evidence of sweat glands or myoepithelial cell differentiation. This is the first study to examine how the histological features of AMT change as the tumor extends deeper into the dermis. We found that the proportion of AMT with folliculosebaceous differentiation and large lumina increased as it got deeper into the dermis. Histopathological diagnosis of MTS is vital because the clinical symptoms lack specificity. This study enhances our understanding of the histopathological characteristics of MTS.
Comparison of Different Techniques for the Assessment of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Melanoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Izzo Sara , Molle Marcello , Gesuete Francesco Paolo , De Intinis Claudia , Izzo Paolo , Izzo Luciano , Nicoletti Giovanni Francesco 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The gold standard for sentinel lymph node staging in melanoma is the use of the combined technique of radioisotope plus blue dye. New techniques and alternative methods have been proposed, with the promise of achieving comparable efficacy. We then carried out a literature search.

Methods:
We conducted a literature search using the "sentinel lymph node biopsy" and "melanoma" keywords, then selected the case-control studies (the quality of which was assessed using the STROBE criteria).

Results:
Twelve studies of 13,017 were selected, concerning the identification rate of indocyanine green fluorescence and indocyanine green-99mtc-nanocolloid techniques. We have found a comparable identification rate between the various techniques, even if given the small population present for some techniques, the results did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions:
The use of new techniques in sentinel lymph node detection promises results comparable to the gold standard techniques, but further studies are needed to validate these methods in the context of melanoma surgery.
Response of 21 Hyaluronic Acid Fillers to Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase
Authors: Park Kristen E. , Mehta Preeya , Kherani Femida , Lee Wendy W. , Woodward Julie A. , Foster Jill A. , Zhang-Nunes Sandy 
Published: December 2023

Background:
One benefit of hyaluronic acid fillers is the ability to dissolve them using hyaluronidase. With the increasing number of fillers entering the market, it is crucial to understand each of these fillers’ responsiveness to hyaluronidase.

Methods:
Twenty-one hyaluronic acid fillers of 0.2 mL aliquots each were placed on slides. Twenty units of recombinant human hyaluronidase were injected into the aliquots every 30 minutes for a total of 120 units recombinant human hyaluronidase injected over 3 hours. With each injection, videos and photographs were taken from bird’s eye and lateral views to measure aliquot height. Stirring videos were graded by three oculoplastic surgeons, and these grades were used to categorize each filler’s responsiveness.

Results:
Restylane Lyft, Restylane-L/Eyelight, and Resilient Hyaluronic Acid (RHA) 1/Redensity were the least resistant. The moderately resistant group comprised of Restylane Silk, Juvéderm Volbella, Revanesse Versa/Lips, and Belotero Balance on the less resistant side to Juvéderm Vollure, RHA 2, Restylane Contour, Juvéderm Ultra, Restylane Refyne, Belotero Intense, Restylane Kysse, RHA 3, Juvéderm Ultra Plus, and Restylane Defyne on the more resistant side. The most resistant were RHA 4, Juvéderm Voluma, Belotero Volume, and Juvéderm Volux. The most resistant fillers required 120 units of hyaluronidase per 0.2 mL filler to dissolve.

Conclusions:
With the increasing popularity of fillers comes the increasing need to dissolve them for both ischemic and nonischemic complications. The majority of hyaluronic acid fillers available on the market are very resistant to hyaluronidase, which must be considered when determining the amount of hyaluronidase to dissolve a particular filler.
Acceptance of Young Saudi Women to Undergo Cosmetic Surgery and Factors Influencing Their Decision
Authors: Alkhathami Ali M. , Alhassan Turki S. , Fayi Khalid A. , Albrahim Razan A. , Al-jabr Khalid H. , Alghamdi Abdullrahman A. 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The cosmetic procedure is a treatment modality for improving the appearance of a person, and it may involve either surgical or nonsurgical interventions. The number of women who undergo cosmetic surgery in Saudi Arabia has increased dramatically. In fact, the reasons for the increase in the number of cosmetic procedures include the growth impact of social media and the pursuit of perfection. The study aimed to determine the level of acceptance of cosmetic surgery among young Saudi women, and the factors influencing their decisions.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among literate Saudi women during March 2023 to April 2023. A self-reported questionnaire was used, which investigated the demographics, acceptance, and information about cosmetic surgery and social media.

Results:
A total of 1685 female participants were included in this study: 62.6% were students, 73.6% were single, and 65.8% were aged 18–23 years. The levels of acceptance were high among 38.9% of the participants, and the level of acceptance was significantly affected by age (P = 0.0001), social status (P = 0.0001), work (P = 0.0001), education (P = 0.001), and income (P = 0.001). Up to 86.1% of the participants had not undergone cosmetic surgery, and the reasons for undergoing surgery commonly included dissatisfaction with appearance and social media.

Conclusions:
The acceptance of cosmetic surgery in this study was low, and it was affected by several demographics of the participants. For instance, social media played a crucial role in driving women to undergo such procedures.
Split-thickness Plantar Skin Graft for Foot Syndactyly
Authors: Tomioka Yoko K. , Okazaki Mutsumi , Matsutani Hitomi 
Published: December 2023

Summary:
For the treatment of syndactyly, the submalleolar or inguinal area is the common donor site for skin grafts. However, high skin tension of the submalleolar area could potentially delay wound healing or cause scarring. Skin grafts from the inguinal area cause pigmentation. In this study, we have harvested split-thickness skin grafts from the plantar area to treat syndactyly and evaluated the healing course and aesthetic outcome. We analyzed 13 recipient and nine donor sites in eight patients, aged 13–68 months (average 25 months), with syndactyly of the foot. The minimum follow-up was 14 months, and average follow-up period was 22.3 months. Aesthetic outcomes including color and texture match, wound healing of donor site using Vancouver Scar Scale, and complications of both sites were assessed in all patients. At the recipient sites, the graft survived well, and the lack of pigmentation of the graft led to good color match. At the donor sites, hypertrophic scar and high scar scale were seen around postoperative month 3, but were momentary, as all donor sites matured to a flat and soft scar. Morbidity of split-thickness skin graft from the plantar region is limited. It causes minimum scarring of the nonexposed area. Moreover, because it does not cause pigmentation, the split-thickness skin graft technique is a reasonable option for the treatment of syndactyly.
Sub-Gluteus Maximus Fascial Plane and Perineural Hydrodissection as Novel Treatment for Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment
Authors: Hu Yao-Wen Eliot 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN) entrapment due to overuse is rarely reported in the literature, and treatment is limited. Conventional treatment includes focused rehabilitation exercises, computed tomography–guided or magnetic resonance (MR)–guided nerve blocks, MR-guided cryoablation, and surgical decompression, but data for treatment validation and efficacy are lacking. Sub-gluteus maximus fascial plane and perineural hydrodissection may offer an effective alternative treatment for PFCN entrapment, especially given reports of successful cases with similar procedural techniques in other anatomical locations and structures.
Campylobacter fetus-induced primary psoas abscess in patient with gouty arthritis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Xiaodong , He Yanfang , Zha Daogang , Kang Chunyu , Sijie Yuan 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:

Campylobacter fetus is rare pathogen with high mortality rate in immunosuppressive hosts. This study aimed to summarize clinical and pathological presentation of C fetus induced psoas abscess.

Patient concerns:
A 66-year-old male patient with long medical history of poorly-controlled gouty arthritis and steroid intake complained of a severe low back pain. Physical examination showed tenderness in his psoas.

Diagnoses:
The patient underwent puncture biopsy to the lesion in the psoas under ultrasound guidance. The lesion was indicated as abscess by pathological examination, and its pathogen was indicated as C fetus by the next generation sequencing.

Interventions:
Meropenem 1 g q8.h were administered intravenously for 10 days. Then the antibiotic treatment was switched to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium 0.375g q.8.h and levofloxacin 0.5g q.d oral administration when discharge.

Outcomes:
The patient’s fever and low back pain improved and infectious parameters declined. He was discharged in good general condition with advice for further monitoring and therapy. In the first month follow-up, the patient did not report recurrence or aggravation of his symptoms.

Lessons:

C fetus should be noticed in immunosuppressive patient with exposure to livestock who present with rare systematic or local invasive infection. We advocated the meropenem for the first-line treatment against C fetus.
Retinitis pigmentosa with or without skeletal abnormalities due to homozygous mutations in the CWC27 gene: A case report
Authors: Qi Yang-Fan , Ma Xiaoping , Lin Shuang-Zhu , Wang Wan-Qi , Li Jia-Yi , Chen Qian-Dui , Liu Li 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Retinitis pigmentosa with or without skeletal abnormalities (RPSKA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CWC27 gene. Skeletal dysplasia and non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa are typical manifestations, and most patients present with retinopathy such as retinitis pigmentosa and limited visual field. Its clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, often involving multiple systems. Examples include short finger deformities, peculiar facial features, short stature, and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, and it is easy to misdiagnose clinically, and early diagnosis is crucial for prognosis.

Patient concerns:
A 2-year and 2-month-old female child was admitted to the hospital due to “unsteady walking alone and slow reaction for more than half a year.” After admission, the child was found to have delayed motor development, accompanied by special face, abnormal physical examination of the nervous system, cranial MRI Dandy-Walker malformation, considering developmental delay.

Diagnoses:
Whole exome sequencing of the family line revealed the presence of a c.617(exon7)C>A pure mutation in the CWC27 gene in the affected child (this locus has been reported in the clinical literature); the final diagnosis is RPSKA.

Interventions:
Unfortunately, there is no specific drug for the disease; we give children rehabilitation training treatment.

Outcomes:
During follow-up process we found that children’s condition is better than before.

Lessons subsections as per style:
We reported a case of RPSKA caused by mutations in the CWC27 gene. This study adds to our understanding of the clinical phenotype of TBL1XR1 mutations and provides a realistic and reliable basis for clinicians.
Case report: Successful sequential therapy of crizotinb and entrectinib in ROS1-positive non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis in later-settings
Authors: Dong Wen , Zhuge Jinke , Yu Pengli , Liu Kai , Yang Mingxing , Wang Hongkang 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Crizotinib has been approved in many countries for the treatment of patients with advanced ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Entrectinib is a ROS1 inhibitor that has been designed to effectively penetrate and remain in the central nervous system (CNS) and has been recommended as first-line therapy. Few reports have precisely described sequential crizotinb followed by entrectinib in patients with ROS1 fusion in later settings.

Patient concerns:
A 56-year-old man with a history of occasional smoking visited our hospital with cough, sputum, and shortness of breath.

Diagnosis:
He was diagnosed with right lung adenocarcinoma (T4N2M1a, stage IV) after image and histological examination, without EGFR or ALK fusion mutation.

Interventions:
He received three prior lines of therapies, including chemotherapy, nivolumab monotherapy, and paclitaxel plus anlotinib, with progression-free survival (PFS) of 5, 2, and 11.5 months, respectively. Then the patient began to have headaches and dizziness, and brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple brain metastases. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the biopsy from neck lymph node identified EZR-ROS1 (1.25% abundance). After 2 months of crizotinib (250 mg daily) plus bevacizumab, all pulmonary and brain lesions decreased, but a small liver lesion was discovered. As treatment went on for another 4 months, the liver lesion continued to grow while other lesions kept decreased or stable state. NGS analysis on the peripheral blood found the disappearance of EZR-ROS1 fusion and a new NTRK2 mutation (c.5C>T, p.Ser2Leu, 0.34% abundance) without other targetable molecular alteration. He received entrectinib (600 mg daily) plus bevacizumab and achieved a partial response. After 7 months of therapy, examination revealed progression of brain lesions.

Outcomes:
The patient had a total PFS of 13 months from sequential crizotinib and entrectinib therapy.

Lessons:
A ROS1-rearranged NSCLC with CNS metastases responded to sequential tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment of crizotinb followed by entrectinib. This report has potential implications in guiding decisions for the treatment after crizotinib resistance.