bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaction of 4‐Amino‐3‐methylthio‐5‐oxo‐6‐R‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazines with Sulfonylacetic Acid Nitriles.
Authors: Britsun V. N. , Bazavova I. M. , Esipenko A. N. , Lozinskii M. O. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structure of Derivatives of 9‐(2‐Oxopropyl)‐1,5‐dinitro‐7,8‐benzo‐3‐azabicyclo [3.3.1]non‐7‐en‐6‐ones.
Authors: Yakunina I. E. , Shakhkeldyan I. V. , Atroshenko Yu. M. , Borbulevich O. Ya. , Nesterov V. V. , Kopyshev M. B. , Troitskii N. A. , Efremov Yu. A. , Alifanova E. N. , Subbotin V. A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
3‐Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives. Part 8. Synthesis and Properties of 6(7)‐R‐3,3‐Dimethyl‐1,5‐dinitro‐3‐azoniabicyclo[3.3.1]non‐6‐ene Iodides.
Authors: Shakhkeldyan I. V. , Melekhina N. K. , Atroshenko Yu. M. , Kopyshev M. V. , Borbulevich O. Ya. , Suponitskii K. Yu. , Antipin M. Yu. , Efremov Yu. A. , Alifanova E. N. , Nikisina M. B. , et al. et al. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthesis of a New Skeletal Compound Benzonaphthazepine by Regioselective C—H Activation Utilizing the Intramolecular Coordination of an Amine to Pd.
Authors: Harayama Takashi , Sato Tomonori , Hori Akihiro , Abe Hitoshi , Takeuchi Yasuo 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Intramolecular 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition to Ester Carbonyl of Azomethinylides Prepared from Aldimines and Difluorocarbene.
Authors: Voznyi I. V. , Nivikov M. S. , Khlebnikov A. F. , Kopf J. , Kostikov R. R. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of a Phosphinic Analogue of Glycine.
Authors: Zhukov Yurii N. , Vavilova Nelli A. , Osipova Tat'yana I. , Khurs Elena N. , Dzhavakhiya Vitalli G. , Khomutov Radii M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Reactions of 2‐(Bromoseleno)benzenesulfonyl Chloride with Primary Amines Toward 2,2′‐Diselenobis(benzenesulfonamides) and 1,3,2‐Benzothiaselenazole 1,1‐Dioxides: New Oxygen‐Transfer Agents, Antimicrobials and Virucides.
Authors: Potaczek P. , Giurg M. , Kloc K. , Maliszewska I. , Piasecki E. , Pietka M. , Mlochowski J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)‐1‐Silyl‐2‐stannylethene by Palladium‐Catalyzed Silastannation of Ethyne and Its Synthetic Transformations.
Authors: Murakami Masahiro , Matsuda Takanori , Itami Kenichiro , Ashida Shinji , Terayama Miki 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Functionalization of the Allyl Fragment in (+)‐δ‐Cadinol.
Authors: Valeev F. A. , Tsypysheva I. P. , Kunakova A. M. , Krasnoslobodtseva O. Yu. , Shitikova O. V. , Spirikhin L. V. , Tolstikov G. A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Influence of Aromatic Substituents on Metal(II)salen‐Catalyzed, Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Methyl α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Achard Thierry , Belokon' Yuri N. , Fuentes Jose A. , North Michael , Parsons Teresa 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Toxic Effects of Natural Piperine and Its Derivatives on Epimastigotes and Amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiana Santana , Freire‐de‐Lima Leonardo , Previato Jose Osvaldo , Mendonca‐Previato Lucia , Heise Norton , Freire de Lima Maro Edilson 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Total Syntheses of Phytoalexin (V) and (.+‐.)‐Paniculidine B (VI) and C (VII) Based on the Novel Methodology for the Preparation of 1‐Methoxyindoles.
Authors: Selvakumar N. , Rajulu G. Govinda 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis, Absolute Stereochemistry and Molecular Design of the New Antifungal and Antibacterial Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces sp.201.
Authors: Boruwa J. , Kalita B. , Barua N. C. , Borah J. C. , Mazumder S. , Thakur D. , Gogoi D. K. , Bora T. C. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Pseudodeflectusin, a Novel Isochroman Derivative from Aspergillus pseudodeflectus a Parasite of the Sea Weed, Sargassum fusiform, as a Selective Human Cancer Cytotoxin.
Authors: Ogawa Akitsu , Murakami Chikako , Kamisuki Shinji , Kuriyama Isoko , Yoshida Hiromi , Sugawara Fumio , Mizushina Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nanoengineering of a Magnetically Separable Hydrogenation Catalyst.
Authors: Lu An‐Hui , Schmidt Wolfgang , Matoussevitch Nina , Boennemann Helmut , Spliethoff Bernd , Tesche Bernd , Bill Eckhard , Kiefer Wolfgang , Schueth Ferdi 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel p38 Inhibitors with Potent Oral Efficacy in Several Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Authors: Revesz Laszlo , Blum Ernst , Di Padova Franco E. , Buhl Thomas , Feifel Roland , Gram Hermann , Hiestand Peter , Manning Ute , Rucklin Gerard 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
SAR of Benzoylpyridines and Benzophenones as p38α MAP Kinase Inhibitors with Oral Activity.
Authors: Revesz Laszlo , Blum Ernst , Di Padova Franco E. , Buhl Thomas , Feifel Roland , Gram Hermann , Hiestand Peter , Manning Ute , Rucklin Gerard 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Bioorganic Chemistry of “Bisorbicillinoids”, Dimeric Compounds Endowed with Antioxidant Activity, Produced by Trichoderma sp. USF‐2690: Evidence for the Biosynthetic Pathways and Finding of Novel Radical Scavenging Mechanisms
Authors: Abe Naoki , Hirota Akira 
Published: October 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structural Characterisation of AgI Complexes with N,N′‐Bis(2‐pyridyl)oxalamide and the Anion of N‐(2‐Pyridyl)oxalamic Acid
Authors: Hu Hui‐Ling , Yeh Chun‐Wei , Chen Jhy‐Der 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA series of silver(I) complexes of the type {[Ag2(L)2(L′)][X]}∞ [L = N,N′‐bis(2‐pyridyl)oxalamide; L′ = anion of N‐(2‐pyridyl)oxalamic acid; X = BF4− (1), ClO4− (2), PF6− (3) and NO3− (4)] have been prepared from the reaction of AgX with L in EtOH/H2O. All the complexes have been structurally characterised by X‐ray crystallography confirming that complexes 1−4 are 2D coordination polymers. The AgI centres show two types of coordination geometries, i.e. distorted trigonal‐bipyramidal and distorted tetrahedral which are linked by the L and L′ ligands, forming unique 2D doubly pleated rectangular grids. The anions BF4−, ClO4− and PF6− in complexes 1−3 are not coordinated to the AgI centres whereas the NO3− anions in 4 are coordinated to the metal centres through one of the three oxygen atoms. The transformation of L to L′ is also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Oxidation‐State and Coordination‐Site Specificity Influencing Dimensional Extension and Properties of Two Iron Complexes with Similar Helical Chains
Authors: Xu Ying , Han Lei , Lin Zheng‐Zhong , Liu Cai‐Ping , Yuan Da‐Qiang , Zhou You‐Fu , Hong Mao‐Chun 
Published: October 2004

AbstractTwo new iron coordination frameworks, {[NH2(CH3)2]2FeII(pydc)2}n (1) and {[NH2(CH3)2]FeIII(pydc)2}n (2) (pydc = 2,5‐pyridinedicarboxylate), have been synthesized through the reaction of FeCl3 with H2pydc in dimethylformamide (DMF). 1 crystallizes in an achiral space group C2/c, while 2 crystallizes in a chiral space group P43212. Both crystal structures consist of 21 helices with similar units: [FeII(pydc)2]2− and [FeIII(pydc)2]−, respectively. The iron oxidation states have been confirmed by means of ESR spectra and bond valence calculations. Quantum chemistry calculations and thermogravimetric analysis have demonstrated their energy and thermal stability. Magnetic studies have revealed that 1 and 2 show weak antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions between the metal centers, respectively. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Anomalous Diamagnetic Behaviour of the 1H NMR Spectra of a Coordinated Imino Nitroxide Radical in Diamagnetic and Paramagnetic Lanthanide(III) Complexes
Authors: Tsukuda Toshiaki , Ogita Masahiro , Suzuki Takayoshi , Kaizaki Sumio 
Published: October 2004

AbstractDiamagnetic lanthanide(III) complexes with an imino nitroxide radical IM2py [2‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐oxyl], [Ln(hfac)3(IM2py)] (Ln = Y and Lu; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate), exhibit 1H NMR chemical shifts for the pyridyl protons of the coordinated IM2py suggesting it behaves as if it were diamagnetic. To a series of paramagnetic lanthanide complexes of this type, the structural analyses of the lanthanide induced shifts (LIS) of the hfac 3‐proton and pyridyl protons in IM2py were successfully applied, showing not only the diamagnetic behaviour of the pyridyl protons in the IM2py group, but also the dominant dipolar contribution and isostructural nature with apparent or effective axial symmetry in solution irrespective of the asymmetry in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Cocondensation Reactions of Five‐Membered Heterocycles with Lithium Atoms at 77 K
Authors: Mendoza Oscar , Rehmann Franz‐Josef K. , Cuffe Laurence P. , Tacke Matthias 
Published: October 2004

AbstractLithium atoms were cocondensed with eight aromatic five‐membered heterocycles in the presence of THF at 77 K. In the case of the oxygen‐ and sulfur‐containing heterocycles (furans and thiophenes), the reaction resulted in C−H bond activation and led to the corresponding aryllithium compound. The other heterocycles (pyrroles) failed to react with lithium atoms in the presence of THF. A special case was found when oxazole was reacted under these cocondensation conditions; here a dilithiated product was obtained. DFT (B3LYP/6‐31G**) calculations were carried out in order to interpret the pathways of the reactions and the possible intermediates. For all the reactions π‐ and σ‐complexes between lithium clusters and the heterocycles were found as stable intermediates. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
A New Ligand for the Formation of Triangular Building Blocks in Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors: Müller Iris M. , Möller Daniela 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn this article we describe the synthesis, characterisation and metal binding properties of tris(5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene)triaminoguanidinium chloride [H6Br3L]Cl (1), which can be seen as a triangular building block for supramolecular chemistry. 1 crystallises either in a triclinic (1a) or a rhombohedral (1b) system depending on the used solvent . The pure ligand adopts a conformation unfavourable for the coordination of metal centres, but in the presence of a base or a basic metal salt, a change in the conformation can be observed. The reaction of 1 with (NH4)6[Mo7O24] in the absence of further base results in the formation of small, red crystal needles with the formula [Mo(O)2(OH2)(H3Br3L)]·2 DMF (2), while the reaction of 1 with CuCl2, sodium 5,5‐diethylbarbiturate (NaHbar) and Et3N leads to the formation of dark red‐black crystals with the formula (Et4N)2[{Cu(Hbar)}3Br3L] (3). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Extending The Reaction Landscape of the {Pt(μ‐S)2Pt} Core: From Metal Centers to Non‐Metallic Electrophiles
Authors: González‐Duarte Pilar , Lledós Agustí , Mas‐Ballesté Rubén 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSee original Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 3585–3599(DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400422)
.
Potential chemoprotective effects of the coffee components kahweol and cafestol palmitates via modification of hepatic N‐acetyltransferase and glutathione S‐transferase activities
Authors: Huber Wolfgang W. , Teitel Candee H. , Coles Brian F. , King Roberta S. , Wiese Frederick W. , Kaderlik Keith R. , Casciano Daniel A. , Shaddock Joseph G. , Mulder Gerard J. , Ilett Kenneth F. , Kadlubar Fred F. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractCoffee drinking has been associated with reduced incidence of colorectal cancer, possibly via chemoprotection/modification of the metabolism of dietary heterocyclic amine carcinogens such as 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo‐[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP) by kahweol and cafestol palmitates (K/C), two components of unfiltered coffee. Using the PhIP‐exposed male Fisher F344 rat as a model, K/C have been shown to reduce colonic PhIP‐DNA adducts by > 50%. We have used the male F344 rat to investigate the effects of dietary K/C (0.02–0.2% as a 1:1 mixture) on the metabolism of PhIP by N‐acetyltransferase‐ (NAT), sulfotransferase‐ (SULT), and glutathione‐dependent pathways. K/C decreased hepatic NAT‐dependent PhIP activation by up to 80% in a dose‐dependent manner. Conversely, hepatic glutathione S‐transferase (GST) activity/expression increased, e.g., 3–4 fold toward 1‐chloro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene (total activity), up to 23‐fold toward 4‐vinylpyridine (rGSTP1), and ∼ 7‐fold for rGSTA2 protein. These effects had fully developed after 5 days of the test diet and persisted for at least 5 days after withdrawal of K/C. Hepatic glutathione increased two‐ to threefold and this increase was more short‐lived than other changes. K/C did not modify hepatic SULT activity or colon NAT and GST activities. Benzylisothiocyanate and black tea, which have also been shown to reduce the formation of PhIP‐DNA adducts in this model, had little effect on hepatic NAT, SULT, GST, or GSH. In primary culture of rat hepatocytes, both kahweol and cafestol palmitates reduced NAT activity by 80%. In summary, the unique potential of K/C to convert rapid acetylators to a slow acetylator phenotype, accompanied by GST induction, might contribute to chemoprevention against cancers associated with heterocyclic amines. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 44:265–276, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Xylotomische Untersuchungen an inkohlten Hölzern aus dem Braunkohlentagebau Berzdorf (Oberlausitz, Deutschland)
Authors: Dolezych M. , van der Burgh J. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAus dem miozänen Braunkohlentagebau Berzdorf in der Oberlausitz (Sachsen) werden erstmals autochthone Braunkohlenhölzer in großer Anzahl mit über 300 Fossilien beschrieben. Mit den Ergebnissen dieser Untersuchungen wird nachgewiesen, dass das Berzdorfer Braunkohlenmoor eine geringe phytofazielle Amplitude aufwies, sich jedoch unterschiedliche Vegetationsbereiche ausgebildet hatten. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die von der Niederlausitz bekannten Vegetationen auch in stratigraphisch älteren Braunkohlenablagerungen vorkommen. Die xylotomischen Ergebnisse führen zur Deklarierung des Berzdorfer Kohlenkomplexes als Glyptostrobus/Sequoia‐Typus.Eine biostratigraphische Korrelierung dieses isolierten terrestrischen Braunkohlenvorkommens von Berzdorf mit den sequenz‐ und biostratigraphisch gut eingestuften Niederlausitzer Flözen war möglich. Verschiedene, für diese Region neue Holzarten wurden festgestellt: Glyptostroboxylon tenerum, G. rudolphii sp. nova, Taxodioxylon gypsaceum, T. germanicum, T. cryptomerioides, Cupressinoxylon cupressoides, Pinuxylon parryoides. Glyptostroboxy‐lon tenerum wurde anhand des Typusmaterials von KRAUS neu untersucht, emendiert und botanisch zu Cunninghamia gestellt.Glyptstroboxylon rudolphii sp. nova wird aufgestellt für Glyptostrobus‐ähnliche Hölzer. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Chenopodium probstii and Chenopodium missouriense: two North American plant species in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and neighbouring countries
Authors: Dostálek J. , Jehlík V. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a floristic‐taxonomic survey of two North American invasive species, Chenopodium probstii Aellen and Ch. missouriense Aellen, in the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic and neighbouring countries. It is based mainly on the results of a re‐analysis of the authors' herbarium material collected from 1957 to 2003, deposited mainly in the PRA Herbarium (herbarium of the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic in Průhonice near Prague). Also, the chorology and ecology of both species in Czechian and Slovakian are discussed. In addition, a summary of data on the occurrence of both species throughout their distribution is presented, with emphasis on European records. On the basis of this analysis, the hypothetical origin of Ch. probstii in North America is confirmed. First‐time records of this species are presented for Egypt, North Korea, Poland, Slovenia, Croatia and Romania. The second species, Ch. missouriense, is reported for the first time from Slovakia and Austria. Sources of further dissemination of both species in their secondary European area of distribution are described. In Europe, both these invasive species are in the pro‐ cess of naturalisation (ephemerophyte → epoecophyte), approximately in the resting‐phase lag; significant range expansion can be expected in the near future, especially for Ch. probstii.
Carotenoids in the thalli of certain Venezuelan lichen species of the genera Pyxine and Ramalina
Authors: Czeczuga B. , Czeczuga‐Semeniuk E. , Morales Mèndez A. , Lopèz‐Figueiras M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractColumn, thin‐layer and reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of the following carotenoids in the thalli of five lichen species of the genus Pyxine and five species of the genus Ramalina from Venezuela: α‐carotene, β‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, lutein, 3′‐epilutein, zeaxanthin, lutein epoxide, an‐theraxanthin, heteroxanthin, violaxanthin, neoxan‐thin, capsochrome, 3′‐hydroxyechinenone, eschscholtzxanthin, β‐doradexanthin, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, β‐citraurin and bixin.The total content of carotenoids ranged from 22.44 (Pyxine daedalea) to 63.56 μg g−1 dry weight (Ramalina morrocoyensis). (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A force‐field description of short‐range repulsions for high density alkane molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Hayes Joseph M. , Greer James C. , Morton–Blake David A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe use of Buckingham (exp‐6) van der Waals potentials in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can quite successfully reproduce experimental thermodynamic data at low densities. However, they are less successful in producing a description of the repulsive regions of the potential energy surface (PES) that is in accord with the results of high‐level ab initio computations. We show that Morse potentials can be parameterized to give excellent fits to both the attractive and repulsive regions of the PES. The best set of alkane van der Waals Morse function parameters reported to date for the description of nonbond repulsive interactions is presented, as determined by comparison with both ab initio and experimental results. C…C, H…H and C…H atom‐pair potentials employing parameter sets based on the use of the geometric mean in the fitting procedure are found to be portable from methane to n‐butane. Fitting to a combination of methane dimer interaction energies and forces from ab initio calculations yields parameter sets whose performance is superior to those determined from the interaction energies alone. Used in MD simulations, our newly developed parameter sets predict thermodynamic functions that show better agreement with experiment than those based on parameter sets in common use. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1953–1966, 2004
Defining psychology: What can it do for us?
Authors: Haaga David A.F. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract“Psychology,” like many abstract terms, is difficult to define precisely. Henriques' (this issue) argument that psychology, though unified and coherent, actually spans two realms—psychological formalism (“the science of mind,” this issue) and human psychology (“the science of human behavior at the individual level,” this issue)—seems likely to improve the clarity of the concept. The strongest contribution of his analysis may be its placing “psychology” in the larger conceptual framework of the Tree of Knowledge taxonomy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
The unification of psychology: A noble quest
Authors: Calhoun Lawrence G. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractHenriques' effort to develop a unified theory for psychology represents a noble quest (this issue). Even if the quest fails, the effort itself may produce benefits for psychology. This article focuses first on some general comments on the unified theory, with some suggestions about elements that seem desirable in the theory and some elements that may benefit from further elaboration. A specific application to the area of posttraumatic growth suggests the theory is capable of providing a framework for understanding specific areas of human psychology. Finally, the potential future of the unified theory is considered with a focus on its potential as a “useful mass movement” in psychology. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Thermal, chemical and thermo‐chemical pre‐treatment of waste activated sludge for anaerobic digestion
Authors: Valo Alexandre , Carrère Hélène , Delgenès Jean Philippe 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe influence of different pre‐treatments was studied in order to observe the effects of temperature, pH and treatment time on Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) solubilization, and anaerobic digestion of pre‐treated sludge. Results showed that thermo‐chemical pre‐treatments were the most efficient on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) solubilization, which could reach 83% at 170 °C with pH = 12. Yet, increase in COD solubilization in thermo‐chemical pre‐treatment was not linked to an increase in soluble Volatile Solids (VS) as optimal conditions were 170 °C, and 130 °C with pH = 10, for this criterion. So, temperature was found to be the most influential parameter on COD and VS solubilization. Biodegradability batch anaerobic tests confirmed results obtained on WAS solubilization, that is to say that 170 °C and 130 °C with pH = 10 were optimal conditions, with respectively 45% and 21% of anaerobic digestion enhancement. Thus these two conditions were chosen for sludge treatment before continuous anaerobic digestion. Results, after stabilization have shown a better efficiency of 170 °C compared with 130 °C with pH = 10 pre‐treatment, since after anaerobic digestion it led to 71% of COD degradation and 59% of Total Solids (TS) degradation, with an improvement of 54% in biogas production. The main differences between those two pre‐treatments could be due to the pre‐treatments themselves more than to an effect on anaerobic digestion, because the first one led to a partial loss of WAS COD (near 17% of initial COD) and the second one to an increase in TS due to addition of base. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry