bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning-Based Intelligent Smart Embedded Sensors for Automatic Detection and Classification of Neuromuscular Disorders using EMG Signals
Authors: Achmamad Abdelouahad , Elfezazi Mohamed , Chehri Abdellah , Jbari Atman , Saadane Rachid , Jakimi Abdeslam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The objective of this work is to create a novel computer-aided health monitoring system for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). Additionally, we will propose the use of embedded sensor networks to facilitate proactive patient care and remote health monitoring. The proposed method combines the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with two supervised machine learning algorithms: the multi-class support vector machine (SVM) and the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) classifiers. The dataset includes ten normal subjects, aged between 21 and 37 years. Out of these subjects, six are males and four are females. The results were presented on a graphical user interface (GUI) based on LabVIEW and implemented using a real embedded CompactRIO-9035 real-time controller. Additionally, the proposed embedded system has the capability to serve as a portable diagnostic device for the automatic detection of NMDs.
Label-free and TMT-labeled proteomics methods to compare differences on normal liver + extra-celiac liver of Glyptosternum maculatum
Authors: Sun Wu , Yan Yingying , Muhammad Zafarullah , Guo Yufeng , Zhang Guoqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Glyptosternum maculatum (G. maculatum) is a unique fish that lives in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, with normal liver (NG) and Exo-celiac liver (WG). In this study, we compared the differences between NG and WG based on label-free and TMT-labeled proteomics methods. We detected a total of 643 and 107 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the label-free and TMT-labeled groups. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and Protein structural domain (PSD) enrichment analysis were performed on these DEPs, respectively, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed. In terms of the number of DEPs, the labelling-free method is superior to the TMT-labeled method. TMT is better in terms of repeatability and accuracy. In the label-free and TMT-labeled groups, 7 common DEPs (co-DEPs) were selected through PPI network information. higher expression of evm.model.chr5.73, evm.model.chr18.610, evm.model.chr10.1201, and HIF-1 signaling pathway were associated with a hypoxic environment. evm.model.chr15.573, evm.model .chr5.320, evm.model.chr6.360, and evm.model.chr18.610 were associated with WG production. The myosin11 not only responds to low temperature and low oxygen, but may also lead to WG production through Tight junction. NG may be more sensitive than WG in stress response to cancer and viral infections. Significant expression of Ubiquitin-like protein 4A and Heat shock 70 kDa protein protects liver cells from injury in a hypothermic and hypoxic environment. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the adaptation of G. maculatum in the plateau region with low temperature and low oxygen.
Cardiac Evaluation of Children Presenting with Trauma
Authors: Yaman Mahmut , TÜRE Mehmet , AKIN Alper , UÇ Duygu , Sürücü Mehmet , Şen Abdullah 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of cardiac troponin in polytrauma patients may be associated with the severity of injury and mortality.
In this study, we aimed to determine the predictive value of troponin and the effect of cardiac evaluations on prognosis in pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department due to trauma.
In the study, 97 patients aged 0-18 years who presented with trauma were included. The cause and severity of the trauma, electrocardiography and echocardiography results, and laboratory data (biochemical, hemogram, C-reactive protein, pro-BNP, CK-MB, troponin, etc.) of the patients were evaluated.
Falling from height was the most common cause of injury (43%). In 55 (56%) patients, chest trauma was found. Troponin elevation was present in all patients with chest trauma. Troponin levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in patients with chest trauma compared to those who did not have chest trauma (p=0.011). While the mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) of the patients who were discharged was 4.94±2.58, the mean SOFA score of the patients who died was found to be statistically higher with 10.78±1.39 (≤0.01).
Our findings have revealed the prognostic value of cardiac troponins in terms of direct or indirect injury to the heart, especially in pediatric patients with chest trauma. Therefore, in children presenting with chest trauma, determining the cardiac injury by evaluating the electrocardiography results, which can be easily accessed in every health center, and cardiac troponins may be a guide in terms of patient prognosis.
Genetically Determined Telomere Length and Risk for Haematologic Diseases: Results from Large Prospective Cohorts and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Yang , Chen Jia , Sun Ting , Fu Rongfeng , Liu Xiaofan , Xue Feng , Liu Wei , Chen Yunfei , Ju Mankai , Dai Xinyue , Li Huiyuan , Wang Wentian , Chi Ying 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The causal direction and extent of the link between telomere length, epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), and the occurrence of haematological malignancies and benign haematological disorders remain uncertain because of the inherent susceptibility of observational studies to confounding and reverse causation. We conducted two-sample single-variable Mendelian randomisation (SVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MVMR) analyses using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to explore potential associations among telomere length, EAA, and multiple haematologic diseases. We employed an independent validation dataset and utilised various Mendelian randomisation (MR) methods with distinct model assumptions to verify the validity of our findings. Additionally, we performed MVMR analysis based on Bayesian model averaging (MVMR-BMA) to determine whether telomere length, in isolation from EAA, was the true causal factor in the development of haematologic diseases. We obtained 59 GWASs on haematologic diseases from FinnGen, with 182–27,371 cases and 88,536– 376,651 controls. Increased telomere length due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with an increased risk for 10 of 21 haematological malignancies. Genetically predicted telomere length and EAA were not directly associated with the risk of nearly all benign haematological disorders. MVMR-BMA analysis showed that telomere length had the strongest association with the risk of haematologic diseases compared with the five EAA.Our study outcomes suggest the plausibility of potential clinical applications of telomere length, such as serving as a valuable risk prediction tool or as a targeted intervention for the prevention of haematologic diseases.
The prognostic value of the systemic inflammatory response in patients with lymph node- negative colorectal cancer
Authors: Takano Yasuhiro , Kubota Akihito , Kai Wataru , Kodera Keita , Takishima Teruyuki , Takahashi Sumika , Koyama Muneyuki , Kobayashi Yasunobu , Kanno Hironori , Hanyu Nobuyoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

PurposeThe systematic inflammatory response has been associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. This study investigated the prognostic value of the systematic inflammatory response in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer.MethodsThis study comprised 245 patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection. We evaluated the value of systematic inflammatory response, which was represented by neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, (NLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and C-reactive protein–albumin ratio (CAR). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to assess independent risk factors for poor survival in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer. Then, the prognostic significance of the systematic inflammatory response on survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method in patients selected by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, CAR ≥ 0.081 (P = 0.004) was independent predictors of disease-free survival. While, in the multivariate analysis, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status ≥ 3 (P = 0.049), and CAR ≥ 0.081 (P < 0.001) were independent predictors of overall survival. Applying PSM analysis, the patients were divided into PSM-high-CAR (n = 67) and PSM-low-CAR (n = 67) groups. PSM-high-CAR was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (P = 0.041) and overall survival (P = 0.043) in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer.ConclusionsCAR may be a significant indicator of poor long-term outcomes in patients with lymph node-negative colorectal cancer, suggesting the significance of the complex interaction between the tumor and the host inflammatory response in patients with colorectal cancer.
De novo genome assembly of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) reveals the role of Copy Number Variation in rapid environmental adaptation
Authors: Kuo Wen-Hsi , Wright Sara J. , Small Linda L. , Olsen Kenneth M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
White clover (Trifolium repens) is a globally important perennial forage legume. This species also serves as an eco-evolutionary model system for studying within-species chemical defense variation; it features a well-studied polymorphism for cyanogenesis (HCN release following tissue damage), with higher frequencies of cyanogenic plants favored in warmer locations worldwide. Using a newly-generated haplotype-resolved genome and two other long-read assemblies, we tested the hypothesis that copy number variants (CNVs) at cyanogenesis genes play a role in the ability of white clover to rapidly adapt to local environments. We also examined questions on subgenome evolution in this recently evolved allotetraploid species and on chromosomal rearrangements in the broader IRLC legume clade.
Results
Integration of PacBio HiFi, Omni-C, Illumina and linkage map data yielded the first completely de novo genome assembly for white clover (created without a priori sequence assignment to subgenomes). We find that white clover has undergone extensive transposon diversification since its origin but otherwise shows highly conserved genome organization and composition with its diploid progenitors; unlike some other clover species, its chromosomal structure is conserved with other IRLC legumes. We further find extensive evidence of CNVs at the major cyanogenesis loci; these contribute to quantitative variation in the cyanogenic phenotype and to local adaptation across wild North American populations.
Conclusions
This study is among the first, to our knowledge, to document the role of CNVs in local adaptation in a plant species, and it highlights the value of pan-genome data for identifying contributions of structural variants to adaptation in nature.
A Simultaneous Moves Approach to the Complicated Simple Economics of Vertical Mergers
Authors: De Stefano Martino , Salinger Michael A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

We use a simultaneous move approach to modeling a vertical merger between a monopolist over an input with one of two competing downstream duopolists for general demand curves. As with a successive stages model, one can decompose the changes in the merged firm’s two prices (the price of its final good and the price it charges its competitor for the input) into a change in the stand-alone profit-maximizing price and a cross-product effect that is a form of vertical pricing pressure. The model provides support for predicting downstream pricing effects with the difference between the elimination of double marginalization and downstream vertical pricing pressure (which we refer to as “Net Downstream Pricing Pressure” or “NDPP”). It also reveals why standard measures of upstream vertical pricing pressure overstate the incentive to raise rivals’ costs. We simulate the model for a wide set of parameters for four different functional forms of demand. Compared with the successive stages model, the fraction of cases that give rise to an increase in the Fisher Index is much smaller. In the simulations, the “NDPP” statistic is a strong predictor of the change in the Fisher Index.
JEL: K21, L4
Genetic diversity and distinctness of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) based on morphological and SSR markers
Authors: Chen Cuiping , Yang Liu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Determination of the distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) of plant varieties is an important means of protecting the original innovations of breeders, increasing the enthusiasm of breeders and promoting the development of plant breeding. In this study, combinations of SSR markers and DUS morphological characteristics were used to identify varieties. The genetic diversity of 30 flax plant varieties was analyzed using 20 SSR markers and 18 DUS morphological characteristics. The results of the morphological characteristic analysis showed that the 30 flax varieties had high genetic diversity. Ninety allelic variations were detected in 20 polymorphic SSR molecular markers, and 2 ~ 10 allelic variations were detected in each pair of primers. The diversity index (H) of Nei’s gene was 0.10 ~ 0.39, with a mean value of 0.23; the Shannon information index (I) was 0.19 ~ 0.57, with a mean value of 0.37; and the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.25 ~ 0.82, with a mean value of 0.51. Cluster analysis revealed that there were correlations between the SSR markers and morphological characteristics, and there were also some differences. These results show that these two methods have good potential for future research, especially for DUS analysis of hundreds of varieties. Therefore, the use of molecular markers can reduce the cost and duration of resource consumption, and more importantly, identify and protect highly specific plant varieties.
Effect of active metals and process factors on the catalytic decomposition of methane for hydrogen production
Authors: Seong In Ho , Kang Seok Chang , Lee Jong Dae , Im Ji Sun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Catalytic decomposition of methane (CDM) is an environmentally friendly technique to produce hydrogen and nano-carbon materials without greenhouse gas emissions. To compare the catalytic activity and hydrogen productivity of various active metals in the CDM reaction, experiments were performed by synthesizing Fe–Al, Co–Al, and Ni–Al catalysts through the co-precipitation method. According to the hydrogen production calculation for each catalyst, the Ni-based catalyst exhibited the best hydrogen production at a reaction temperature of 600 ℃. It could be attributed to the influence of the strong metal–support interaction on the catalytic activity. Based on the Ni–Al catalyst, which showed better hydrogen production than the other active metals, the activity and hydrogen production of the CDM process were analyzed according to different process factors. 90 L/gcat of hydrogen was produced through the optimization of process factors such as reduction temperature, reduction time, spatial velocity, methane flow, and gas addition.
CuO/PANI nanocomposites: An efficient catalyst for degradation and reduction of pollutants
Authors: Ammara Ammara , Noreen Sadia , Ali Sarmed , Jamil Saba , Bibi Shamsa , Latif Muhammad Jamshed , Jafar Touseef , Bashir Arslan , Khan Shanza Rauf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Textile dyeing releases over 80% of industrial effluents without proper treatment. Dye discharged into effluents typically need degradation before release into aquatic environments. In this regard, the present paper reports the nanocomposite copper oxide/polyaniline (CuO/PANI) is successfully synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method and investigate their catalytic activity against organic dyes and nitro-compounds. CuO nanoparticles are synthesized by colloidal sol-gel method using oxalic acid as capping agent to obtained desired morphology. The elemental composition, unit cell and lattice parameters of nanocomposites are characterized by using XRD. The XRD revealed that nanoparticles are extremely crystalline, but nanocomposites are amorphous because of the presence of polymer. The structural and elemental analysis of CuO and CuO/PANI is confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis. FTIR spectra of CuO showed bending vibration while CuO/PANI showed the presence of benzenoid and quinoid rings. Catalytic productivity of the CuO and CuO/PANI as catalysts in degradation of dyes and reduction of nitro-compounds are also studied. The degradation and reduction processes are monitored through the utilization of UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The catalytic activity of both catalysts is evaluated by several parameters including kapp, degradation/reduction time, % degradation/reduction, degraded/reduced concentration and half-life. Among all substrates, highest kapp is 0.0653 min-1 for CV by CuO while 0.0502 min-1 for EBT by CuO/PANI due to large surface area. On degradation or reduction rate of substrates, the impact of functional group type and orientation, bond type and steric hindrance are also investigated.
Online counterfeiting in the e-commerce of luxury goods and the role of business intelligence: A systematic mapping study
Authors: Gunawardhana Kalinga , Kumara BTGS , Rathnayake Kapila , Jayaweera Prasad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A specific and developing trend in the counterfeit trade is online product counterfeiting on e-commerce platforms. This study also identified gaps in the fragmented current body of knowledge on online product counterfeiting and topics for further study. This systematic mapping effort sought to identify works related to business intelligence-based research on counterfeiting and its countermeasures. For the purpose of this inquiry, studies were identified in seven academic databases. This research involved carefully examining 32 publications out of 296 and revealed that anti-counterfeiting programs use machine learning and pattern recognition technology. To understand customer behavior, certain studies have detailed the fundamentals of the counterfeit trade. The study also provided insight into the potential future growth of business intelligence-based counterfeiting methods.
New horizons on the knowledge of the population during the Middle/Late Pleistocene.
The human remains of Guattari Cave (San Felice Circeo, Latina, Italy)
Authors: Rubini Mauro , Rolfo Mario , Ferracci Angelica , Zaio Paola , Mario Francesco Di 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Along the coast of southern Lazio (central Tyrrhenian Sea) there is a significant series of multilayered coastal caves, most of which provide abundant evidence of occupation during the Neanderthal time horizon. In one of these caves, Grotta Guattari an extraordinary discovery of hominin remains dating back to approximately 66-65ka was made in 2019-2022, which places the Grotta Guattari finds in a specific period within the Neanderthal population of the Italian peninsula. Ongoing studies have demonstrated the presence of a particular morphoanatomical variability in the population that lived in the Circeo area with plesio- and apomorphic characteristics that could open new evolutionary horizons. Biological variability and affinities that would suggest rather complex unexpected population dispersal scenarios. The particularity of these finds, chronologically very close, allows us to consider Grotta Guattari as one of the most important sites for the study of the Mediterranean area during the middle and late Pleistocene. We have studied the new finds and the morphology, compared to Circeo1 skull, aligns more with Javanese H. erectus than with Neanderthals. A discovery that identifies this region as a focal point of coexistence of different lineages, H. erectus s.s., H. erectus s.l., proto-Neanderthal, "classical" Neanderthal, and H. sapiens, which could define new and unexpected migratory and evolutionary dynamics towards modern humanity. In a Neanderthal context, such as that of Circeo, the presence of fossil human evidence documenting a mosaic model consisting of a Javanese H. erectus paleodeme associated with primitive and unusual characters could represent the result of a hybridization between archaic and modern humans and a phenomenon of dispersal into Southeast Asia and Australo-Melanesian.
The Study on Side Effects Caused by Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine: Focus on IgG Antibodies, and Serological Biomarkers
Authors: Ali Ayad M. , Rashid Peshnyar M.A. , M.Ali Kamaran , Mahmood Kochar I. , Rostam Hassan M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
A SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that spread swiftly is now a major global public health issue. Vaccines are currently being distributed in an effort to limit the viral transmission and mortality.
Objectives
monitoring of both safety and efficacy in determining the overall effectiveness of the vaccine and identifying any potential safety concerns.
Methods
A retrospective, cross-sectional study employing a validated 13-item structured questionnaire divided into two sections between March 2022 and September 2022. Different post-vaccination side effects SE according to symptoms severity in terms of age and sex for participants were reported. Additionally, some pertinent serological assays for participant’s post-vaccinations were investigated.
Results
A total of 502 participants (male: 262: female: 240) with comorbidity (healthy: 258: morbid: 244) who received two Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA vaccine doses were included. Importantly, second dose D2 SE experienced a significant more SE than single dose D1 vaccination (P < 0.0001). Hence, in D1 vaccination the injection site pain ISP (45%), followed by equal proportion of headache and fever (40%) were the most common vaccine’s SE, while in D2 vaccination, the ISP (66%), nausea (57%) reported respectively. 97% (P < 0.0001) of participants reported a positive IgG antibody within D2 vaccination. Similarly, serum CR-Protein level was elevated significantly (P < 0.0001) corresponding to the severity of SE between D1 and D2. Significant differences are reported between M, F and ages between both D1 and D2 vaccination(P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
In light of the extensive data from this study, it is evident that mRNA vaccines, particularly the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, have proven highly safe and effective in mitigating the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.