bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel method of modified multi-wall carbon nanotube extraction and GC-MS analysis used for the detection of PAHs in oilseed and oil
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Wei Jia , Yao Weiqin , Wang Meng , Shu Shengyuan , Wu Bin , Wang Jingjing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present research, a novel method that combines a modified dispersion solid phase extraction (d-SPE) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was developed and utilized to detect 16 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in oilseed and oil samples. The modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NH2-MWCNTs) were prepared as d-SPE adsorbents for target analytes in the high-fat samples matrices. Compared with the traditional approach, this method can significantly shorten the pre-treatment time and reduce the use of organic solvents, making the whole process more green, environmentally friendly and sustainable practices. Several critical parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated. These parameters encompassing the amount of sorbent, the type and volume of extraction solvent, desorption solution, and the time of extraction and desorption stage. Under optimal conditions, the method was validated extracting within the range of 1-200 µg/kg, and showed satisfactory linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), acceptable recovery (70.08–104.6%) and precision (0.59–9.22%). The limits of detection were in the range of 0.04–0.42 µg/kg for all analytes. These results consistently indicate the suitability of this approach for detecting diverse PAHs in actual complex sample with the high-fat matrices.
Detection of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria on Patient Medical File Surfaces in Critical Care Units at a National Referral Hospital in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kyamulabi Margaret , Izudi Jonathan , Mujugira Andrew , Okoboi Stephen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance threatens the effective prevention and treatment of various infections. We examined the prevalence and factors associated with multi-drug-resistant bacteria on patient medical file surfaces at Mulago National Referral Hospital in Uganda.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 33 randomly sampled patient medical files from which data were extracted using a chart abstraction tool. Biological samples from file surfaces were collected and examined for the presence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Logistic regression modeling was used to analyse the data. We conducted five key informant interviews with nurses in charge of intensive care units (ICU) and high-dependency units (HDU) and analyzed qualitative data thematically.
Results
The prevalence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria on patient file surfaces was 18.2%. Patients who stayed 11–15 days in hospital (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.62, 95% CI: 1.06–2.49), were treated for cardiac failure [aOR] 2.15, 95% CI: 1.10–4.18), received treatment with aminoglycosides (aOR 1.77,95% CI:1.14–2.76), glycopeptides (aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.11–3.31), or colistin (aOR 1.86, 95% CI: 1.06–3.26), had invasive procedures (aOR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.20–2.34) or files stored at the bedside (aOR 2.40, 95% CI: 1.01–5.70) were more likely to have multi-drug-resistant bacteria on file surfaces. Nurses in charge of ICU/HDU were knowledgeable regarding infection control practices; however, they encountered challenges in implementing and improving adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) practices.
Conclusions
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria were prevalent on the surfaces of patient medical files in Kampala, Uganda. Effective implementation of IPC measures is required to reduce multi-drug-resistant nosocomial infections in the ICU/HDU.
Grey and white matter abnormalities in children with type 2 and 3 SMA: A morphological assessment
Authors: Shen Wanqing , Yan Zi , Su Shu , Zhou Qin , Zou Mengsha , Li Jiaping , Yang Zhiyun , Tang Wen , Liang Yujian , Chen Yingqian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aim
This study investigated the changes in brain gray and white matter structure in SMA patients and their correlation with the severity of the disease.
Method
A total of 43 SMA patients (including 22 type II and 21 type III SMA patients) and 37 healthy controls were evaluated by MRI. The grey matter volume, grey matter thickness, grey matter surface area, and white matter volume of designated brain regions automatically segmented by FreeSurfer, were compared. We evaluate clinical characteristics of SMA and study the correlation between clinical characteristics and structural changes.
Results
SMA showed significant bilateral cortical superficial area loss in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes and global white matter volume decreases. Moreover, these patients were also found with an increased mean thickness of entire brain and right grey matter. An increased right postcentral gyrus superficial area, right central sulcus volume, and white matter volume of the right postcentral were associated with higher HFMSE scores.
Interpretation:
Type 2 and 3 children SMA had extensive, multifocal, symmetrical gray and white matter alterations. Postcentral gyrus degeneration of SMA was associated with the severity of muscular atrophy. The lack of SMN protein possibly interacted with cerebellar structural changes in somatosensory areas.
Inertial Measurement Units to evaluate the efficacity of Equino Varus Foot surgery in post stroke hemiparetic patients
Authors: de l'Escalopier Nicolas , Voisard Cyril , Jung Sylvain , Michaud Mona , Moreau Albane , Vayatis Nicolas , Denormandie Philippe , Verrando Alix , Verdaguer Claire , Moussu Alain , Jequier Aliénor , Duret Christophe , Mailhan Laurence , Gatin Laure , Oudre Laurent , Ricard Damien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
This study evaluates the gait analysis obtained by IMU before and after surgical management of Spastic Equino Varus Foot in hemiplegic post-stroke patients and to compare it with the functional results obtained in a monocentric prospective cohort.
Methods
Patients with post-stroke equinovarus foot, who underwent surgery in a single hospital between November 2019 and December 2021 were included. The follow-up duration was 6 months and included a functional analysis using Goal Atteinment Scale and a Gait analysis using an innovative Multidimensional Gait Evaluation using IMU: the semiogram.
Results
20 patients had a gait analysis preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. 90% (18/20) patients had a functional improvement and 50% (10/20) had an improvement in walking technique as evidenced by the cessation of the use of a walking aid. Considering the semiogram, the measurement of the area weighted by average speed demonstrated very good reproducibility (ICC(1, 3) = 0.80). In the group with a positive functional outcome (GAS T score ≥ 50), the change in the area was + 9.5%, sd = 27.5% for the group with modification of walking aid, and + 15.4%, sd = 28% in the group without change of walking aid. For the 3 experiences (two patients) with unfavorable results, the area under the curve changed by + 2.3%, -10.2% and − 9.5%.
Discussion
IMUs appear to be a promising solution for the assessment of post-stroke hemiplegic patients who have undergone SEVF surgery. They can provide a quantified, objective, reliable in individual longitudinal follow up automated gait analysis solution for routine clinical use. Combined with a functional scale such as the GAS, they can provide a global analysis of the effect of surgery.
Ecotypic variation in multiple traits of European beech – selection of suitable provenances based on performance and stability
Authors: Liepe Katharina J. , Maaten Ernst van der , Maaten-Theunissen Marieke van der , Kormann Jonathan M. , Wolf Heino , Liesebach Mirko 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Promoted by changes in forest management, the proportion of European beech is increasing in Central Europe, but its climatic stability is questioned by the recent loss of vitality. In this regard, the evaluation of seed sources used for reforestation receives great attention. Here, we present a multi-trait evaluation of height, basal area and stem quality assessed over 25 years for 85 provenances grown at three sites in northern, western and eastern Germany. Considerable provenance differentiation exists, explaining 21% (proportion of trees with acceptable stem form) to 45% (basal area) of the variance on single sites and 20 to 39% across sites, while provenance by environment interactions are absent. On the landscape level, this results in distinct patterns with spatially adjacent provenances showing a similar trait expression. These patterns are highly similar for height and basal area, but divergent for stem form. They could be directly linked to geographic variables with multivariate regression tree analysis that captured 58% of the phenotypic variation, delineating eleven ‘ecotypes’ shaped by local adaptation. A selection based on two multi-trait indices gives highly concordant results. Particularly, the intermediate elevations of the central highlands in Western Germany host highly suitable provenances. Lower elevation provenances from continental climates in the south-east profit from the transfer to favorable growing conditions. Since the majority of provenances was already exposed to elevated temperatures compared to their origin during the observation period, this study gives a first indication for the potential benefits of assisted migration facing climate change.
Using Total Body Score and Percentage Mass Change to Measure the Impact of Body Size on Decomposition Rate in Juvenile Sus Scrofa Remains
Authors: Tynan P. , Aris C. , Rattenbury A. E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between the body size of a cadaver and the rate of decomposition, specifically focusing on juvenile remains. The research sought to address the lack of comprehensive studies on how juvenile-sized cadavers decompose compared to adults, which has direct relevance to forensic science and crime statistics involving juvenile victims.MethodsThe study utilized pig cadavers representing two size groups, with regular monitoring of total body score (TBS) and percentage mass change (PMC) over an 18-week period. To ensure the reliability of the TBS system, three independent observers assessed the cadavers.ResultsFindings revealed that larger cadavers, ranging (12.3–16.1 kilograms), decomposed more rapidly during the initial stages of decomposition. However, smaller cadavers, weighing between (6.6–7.1 kilograms), consistently exhibited accelerated decomposition rates compared to larger cadavers from weeks four to twelve when assessed using TBS. Importantly, the inter-rater evaluation of the TBS system demonstrated a high inter-rater reliability.ConclusionThis study addresses a critical gap in forensic science research by shedding light on the decomposition patterns of juvenile-sized remains. The findings have significant implications for crime statistics, particularly in cases involving juvenile victims, where a comprehensive understanding of decomposition rates can aid investigations. Given the high rates of unsolved cases involving juvenile victims, this research underscores the need for further studies in this specific area, particularly within a UK context. Such research can potentially lead to more effective crime-solving strategies and contribute to improving the handling of juvenile remains in forensic investigations.
Molecular detection, serology, and associated risk factors of newcastle disease in chicken at JUCAVM and seka chokorsa town veterinary clinics,Oromia region, southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Haregawi , Deneke Yosef , Mohammed Nazif , Arega Bezina , Tukiye Shemelis , Shumi Eshetu , Kasa Amanawit , Mokonnen Melkamu , Abdisa Sagni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Newcastle disease is a highly contagious and devastating viral disease of domestic and wild birds. A better knowledge of the disease and the ability to make evidence-based prevention and control methods are very substantial. Therefore the research was planned to determine the molecular and serological detection as well as associated risk factors of Newcastle disease in chickens at JUCAVM and Seka Chokorsa town veterinary clinics. A cross sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to September 2022 on clinically suspected chickens of Newcastle disease virus.Ninety Seven (97) tracheal swabs and 83 cloacal swabs, and from the same chicken 180 sera were also collected. Swabs and sera were tested using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction ( RTPCR) and competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (cELISA) technique respectively. Of the 180 swab samples,14(7.8%) [95%CI=(4.69–12.63)%] of the chicken tested positive by RTPCR.It was performed using a specific primer corresponding to the Fusion (F) gene. The competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (cELISA) result confirmed that 51(28.3%)[95% CI=(22.26–35.32%)]. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for the different risk factors. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) among risk factors of sex ([AOR = 2.1,95% CI(1.3–4.3)] and contact with other flocks[AOR = 7,95% CI(1.9–62)] in the RTPCR test.However,sex[AOR = 2.3,95% CI(1.1–4.8)],age ([AOR = 2.4,95%CI=(1.1-5.0)],contact with other flock[AOR = 2.3,95% CI(1.2–5.8)],contact with wild bird [AOR = 9.7,95% CI(1.2–81)],disposal chicken of carcass[AOR = 9,95% CI(1.1–73)],cleaning house[AOR = 1.3; 95% CI: (1.3–3.4)] and isolation of sick chicken [AOR = 6.5,95% CI(1.4–32)] showed statistically significant on cELISA test.The current study provides important information on the presence of the virus in the study areas. Hence further research should be conducted with a pathotyping of the Newcastle disease virus and awareness of owners on management should be practiced.
Correlation of Serum Prolactin Levels in Patients of Diabetic Retinopathy. – A Prospective Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India.
Authors: BEHERA BISWOJIT , Kar Ayaskanta , Panda Jayant Kumar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND – Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is most common microvascular complication in Diabetes patients. Increased VEGF production in retina of diabetic patient causes neovascular proliferation which extended to vitreous causing Vitreous Bleeding , fibrosis and retinal detachment leading to loss of vision. Systemic prolactin enters to the eye by prolactin receptor and proteolyzed into vasoinhibin which have anti-angiogenesis property by inhibiting Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) , Protect against DR. This study aims to correlate the level of serum prolactin in DR patients.
METHODS – Serum prolactin was evaluated in 50 non-diabetic and 100 diabetic patients at various stage of DR at SCB Medical college and Hospital ,Cuttack from 2019-2020.
RESULTS – The serum prolactin is higher in patients of Diabetes without DR compared to both control non-diabetic and Diabetes with DR.
CONCLUSION - Higher serum prolactin level in Diabetes patients protect against DR after conversion into Vasoinhibin in Retina . Thus inducing hyperprolactinemia may act as a novel therapy against DR.
A validated web-application (GFDC) for automatic classification of glaucomatous visual field defects using Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson criteria
Authors: Thirunavukarasu Arun , Jain Nikhil , Sanghera Rohan , Lattuada Federico , Mahmood Shathar , Economou Anna , Yu Helmut , Bourne Rupert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Subjectivity and ambiguity of visual field classification limits the accuracy and reliability of glaucoma diagnosis, prognostication, and management decisions. Standardised rules for classifying glaucomatous visual field defects exist, but these are labour-intensive and therefore impractical for day-to-day clinical work. Here a web-application (GFDC) for automatic application of Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson is presented and validated in a cross-sectional study. GFDC exhibits perfect accuracy in classifying mild, moderate, and severe glaucomatous field defects.
Relationship Between Religiosity, Spiritual Intelligence, Meaningfulness, and Satisfaction with Life on Nomophobia among University Students in Ghana
Authors: Otabil Nana Kow Siripi , Ntiamoah Michael Kwadwo , Essel Harry barton , Nunoo Kofi Nimo , Essuman Michael Ato , Hamza Alhassan , Amankwa Joy Seko Abra ,   Margret Makafui Tayviah1
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Nomophobia and explore its connections with demographic variables and Religiosity, Spiritual Intelligence, Meaningfulness, and Satisfaction with Life, among undergraduate students in Ghana. The study employed a web-based cross-sectional survey design, encompassingn = 596university students in Ghana. The results of this study demonstrated a significant negative nexus between students' Nomophobia, Religiosity, Spiritual Intelligence, and Meaningfulness (p < .05). Satisfaction with Life exhibited a positive correlation with Nomophobia. Furthermore, all the predictors collectively accounted for 76.6% of the total variance in Nomophobia, highlighting their substantial influence. Religion emerged as the most significant variable associated with Nomophobia. The study implies that promoting Religiosity, Spiritual Intelligence, and Meaningfulness can reduce Nomophobia in Ghanaian university students. It also stresses the importance of boosting overall student satisfaction and incorporating religious and spiritual aspects in Nomophobia interventions.
Determining the fatty acids, polar and non-polar volatile organic compounds of the veterinary preparation “Trametin Plus”
Authors: Chkhenkeli V. A. , Chkhenkeli G. D. , Nikonova A. A. , Gorshkov A. G. 
Published: October 2023

For the prevention and treatment of associated gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases of growing stock, a new veterinary preparation “Trametin Plus” is proposed. This drug is obtained from fungi-xylotrophs using biotechnology methods. The properties of such preparations depend on bioactive substances included in their composition.Available publications present miscellaneous information on the lipogenesis features and fatty acids composition synthesized by wood-destroying fungi. In this work, we study the qualitative and quantitative composition of fatty acids and analyze volatile polar and non-polar organic compounds of “Trametin Plus”. The total concentration of fatty acids was found to be 70 µg/g, with 50.0% being free acids and 50.0% being their esters. Squalene was established to be the most dominant non-polar volatile component. Concerning the minor non-polar volatile components of “Trametin Plus”, these are amino acids with a low molecular weight, such as glycine, arginine and β-alanine. The analysis confirms the multicomponent composition of the preparation, which accounts for its diverse biological properties, namely antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant and immune-boosting activity. These properties determine the high health-promoting efficacy of the studied veterinary preparation.
KETIDAKADILAN GENDER TERHADAP TOKOH PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL “CANTIK ITU LUKA” KARYA EKA KURNIAWAN: KAJIAN FEMINISME
Authors: Pertiwi Adhelyna 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan struktur-struktur yang membangun novel Cantik Itu Luka karya Eka Kurniawan yang dilihat dari sastra feminis dan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dimana objek penelitiannya ketidakadilan gender dalam novel Cantik Itu Luka karya Eka Kurniawan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pustaka, simak, dan catat. Teknik validasi data yang digunakan adalah teknik trianggulasi teori. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode pembacaan model semiotik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: secara struktural, alurdalam novel Cantik itu Luka yaitu campuran. Tokoh dalam novel terdiri dari tokoh utama yaitu Dewi Ayu. Latar waktu terjadi pada tahun 1945. Latar sosial adalah perjuangan para perempuan dan anak-anak pada masa kolonial. Latar tempat terjadi di Halimundar. Ketidakadilan dalam novel Cantik itu Luka ada empat , gender dan marginalisasi perempuan, gender dan subordinasi, gender dan steorotipe, gender dan beban kerja.
Experience, challenges, and engagement amidst pandemic: The online learning to onsite learning
Authors: Sitorus Friska Ria , Naibaho Pestaria , Silalahi Wolter Parlindungan 
Published: October 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has forced stakeholders to find the best way to carry out student learning activities through online learning as the best solution during the pandemic. However, the onsite learning system has been switching slowly in the last few months. The current study summarizes the narratives of the challenges and benefits of four undergraduates from the same major who joined online learning and onsite learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Through a narrative qualitative, the lens examines the students’ experiences. The instruments are interviews and diary notes of participants during conducting online and onsite learning amidst the pandemic and analyzed qualitatively. The findings showed that the students deal with four challenges: limited devices, lack of enthusiasm, anxiety, and unexpected disturbance during online learning. Meanwhile, the benefits save time, and cost, are easy to access, and students can learn independently. Moreover, this learning might help the student to become problem solvers and critical thinkers through task-solving activities and learning responsibilities. It also opens opportunities for students to better understand their own abilities in learning. Pengalaman, tantangan, dan keterlibatan di tengah pandemic: Pembelajaran online hingga pembelajaran luringPandemi Covid-19 memaksa para pemangku kepentingan untuk mencari cara terbaik dalam melaksanakan kegiatan belajar siswa melalui pembelajaran online sebagai solusi terbaik di masa pandemi. Namun, sistem pembelajaran di tatap muka telah beralih perlahan dalam beberapa bulan terakhir. Penelitian ini merangkum narasi perihal tantangan dan manfaat dari empat mahasiswa dari jurusan yang sama yang mengikuti pembelajaran online dan pembelajaran di tempat selama pandemi Covid-19. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa wawancara dan catatan harian peserta selama melakukan pembelajaran daring dan luring di tengah pandemi dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa menghadapi empat tantangan: perangkat terbatas, kurangnya antusiasme, kecemasan, dan gangguan tak terduga selama pembelajaran online. Sedangkan keuntungannya adalah menghemat waktu, dan biaya, mudah diakses, dan siswa dapat belajar secara mandiri. Selain itu, pembelajaran ini dapat mendukung siswa untuk menjadi sosok pemecah masalah dan pemikir kritis melalui kegiatan pemecahan tugas dan tanggung jawab belajar. Hal ini juga membuka kesempatan bagi siswa untuk lebih memahami kemampuannya sendiri dalam belajar.