bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in ultra‐processed food consumption from 6 to 15 years, body weight and body composition at 15 years of age at The Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort
Authors: Santos Iná S. , Bierhals Isabel O. , Costa Caroline S. , Matijasevich Alicia , Tovo‐Rodrigues Luciana 
Published: February 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe association of ultra‐processed food (UPF) consumption with obesity and adipose tissue in children/adolescents remains poorly understood.ObjectiveTo assess the association of UPF consumption with excessive weight (EW—defined as BMI‐for‐age ≥+1 z‐score) and body composition at 15 years.MethodsIn a birth cohort, daily UPF consumption was estimated by Food Frequency Questionnaires at 6 and 15 years. Those in the higher tercile of UPF consumption at both follow‐ups were the ‘always‐high consumers’. Air‐displacement plethysmography provided fat mass (FM‐kg), fat‐free mass (FFM‐kg), %FM, %FFM, FM index (FMI‐kg/m2) and FFM index (FFMI‐kg/m2). Logistic regression and linear regression were used to estimate, respectively, odds ratios and beta coefficients.ResultsAmongst 1584 participants, almost one in every seven were always‐high consumers. In crude analyses, there was no association between variation in UPF consumption and EW, and body fat parameters were lower in the always‐high consumer group than amongst the always‐low consumers, in both sexes. With adjustment for confounders, the odds ratio for EW was higher in the always‐high consumer than amongst the always‐low consumer group, and the direction of the associations with FM parameters was reversed: males from the always‐high consumer group presented almost twice as high FM (10.5 vs. 18.6 kg; p < 0.001) and twice as high FMI (3.4 vs. 6.3 kg/m2; p < 0.001) than the always‐low consumer group, and females from the always‐high consumer group presented on average 32% more FM and FMI than the always‐low consumer group.ConclusionsIn crude and adjusted analyses there was a strong association between high UPF consumption from childhood to adolescence, EW and higher body fat parameters at 15 years, but its deleterious association with body adiposity was only uncovered after adjusting for confounders.
Quality use of publicly subsidised tapentadol in Australia: a population‐based analysis
Authors: Camacho Ximena , Schaffer Andrea L. , Brett Jonathan , Pratt Nicole , Buckley Nicholas A. , Henry David , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSustained‐release (SR) tapentadol was listed on Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) in 2014 for chronic severe pain requiring long‐term opioid treatment. Dispensings have increased since listing despite declining trends in other PBS‐listed opioids. Preferential prescribing of SR opioids may increase the risk of dependence and accidental overdose, particularly when used to treat acute pain.AimsTo explore the quality use of publicly subsidised tapentadol in Australia.MethodsWe examined annual initiation rates and patterns of use of tapentadol (SR) in the dispensing records of a 10% random sample of PBS‐eligible Australians (2014–2021). We used national tapentadol sales data to assess the proportion of sales attributable to the PBS.ResultsTapentadol initiation increased from 2014, peaking at 7.5/1000 adult population in 2019 before declining to 5.3/1000 in 2021. We identified 63 766 new users between 2014 and 2020, of whom 92.8% discontinued in the first year following initiation, 58.0% had only a single dispensing and 34.3% had no other opioids dispensed in the 3 months before or after initiation. 27.8% of new users were dispensed tapentadol on the same day as potentially interacting medicines. There was a sustained drop in the proportion of sales attributable to the PBS from June 2020 onwards, from an average of 69.1%, to 63.9% of pack sales.ConclusionsPatterns of use suggest tapentadol (SR) is generally used for short duration. Although most tapentadol sold in Australia is subsidised, there is evidence of a shift towards private sales.
Global burden and trends of disability‐adjusted life years and mortality for decubitus ulcer: A systematic analysis
Authors: Ding Hongfan , Yu Zhenghao , Yao Hongwu , Xu Xiao , Liu Yunxi , Chen Minliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe management of chronic wounds has presented a significant dilemma, which is evident not only in clinical treatment but also in the substantial burden it places on medical resources. The global COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 is likely to further exacerbate this trend. Therefore, it is imperative to delve deeper into the impact of chronic wound on disease burden across different regions and populations. In this study, we focused on decubitus ulcers (DU) as representative chronic wounds and utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database (http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool) pertaining to age, gender, region, year and socio‐demographic index (SDI) group. Disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) and mortality were utilized as indicators to assess the burden of DU. The analysis and visualization were performed using R software (version 4.2.3). A decrease in the global ASRs of DALYs and mortality for DU was observed across most regions between 1990 and 2019. The reduction in burden was particularly significant in regions characterized by a high SDI, while regions with a high‐middle SDI experienced an increase. The burden of DU increased with age for both males and females, with males generally experiencing a higher burden compared to females. Strengthening population‐based data on the prevalence of DU and implementing dynamic monitoring at the public health level will enable policymakers to develop evidence‐based strategies for efficient allocation of healthcare resources.
Nurses' encounters with patients having end‐of‐life dreams and visions in an acute care setting – A cross‐sectional survey study
Authors: Hession Alison , Luckett Tim , Currow David , Barbato Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to estimate the proportion of acute care nurses witnessing end‐of‐life dreams and visions or having these reported by a patient or relative, and to canvass their related attitudes and beliefs.DesignA cross‐sectional survey study was conducted from February 2023 to May 2023.Setting/ParticipantsParticipants were medical and surgical nurses from a 200‐bed acute care hospital in metropolitan Australia.ResultsFifty‐seven nurses participated from a workforce of 169 (34% response rate), of whom 35 (61%) reported they had encountered end‐of‐life dreams and visions. The nature of end‐of‐life dreams and visions encountered was similar to those reported in previous studies by patients and clinicians.Nurses generally held positive attitudes towards end‐of‐life dreams and visions but identified an unmet need for education and training on this aspect of end‐of‐life care.ConclusionOur results suggest that nurses in acute care encounter end‐of‐life dreams and visions in a similar proportion to oncology and long‐term care but lower than in palliative care settings. Education and training regarding end‐of‐life dreams and visions are needed to ensure the provision of comprehensive, patient‐centred end‐of‐life care.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.ImpactResearch in sub‐acute and long‐term care settings suggests that end‐of‐life dreams and visions are a common accompaniment to the dying process. No research has yet focused on the acute care setting, despite this being the place of death for the majority of people in most high‐income countries. This study demonstrates that acute care nurses encounter end‐of‐life dreams and visions in similar proportions to oncology and long‐term care nurses but lower than palliative care nurses. Acute care nurses would benefit from education and training regarding end‐of‐life dreams and visions to enable the provision of holistic person‐centred end‐of‐life care.Reporting MethodThis study was reported using the STROBE Checklist for cross‐sectional studies.
Unexpected management forecasts and future stock returns
Authors: Kitagawa Norio , Shuto Akinobu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of managerial discretion regarding initial earnings forecasts on future stock returns for Japanese firms. We estimate the unexpected portion of initial management earnings forecasts (“unexpected forecasts”) based on the findings of fundamental analysis research and define it as a proxy for forecast management. Using this measure, we find that firms with higher unexpected forecasts are related to negative abnormal returns over the subsequent 12 months. By contrast, the expected portion of earnings forecasts is not related to future abnormal returns. These results suggest that the market tends to appropriately price the credible portion of management forecasts, while overpricing the less credible portion. Further analysis reveals that the relationship between unexpected forecasts and future returns is (1) distinct from accruals anomaly, notably (2) in the 6‐month return window, (3) in the first half of the sample period (especially in 2005 and 2006), (4) in extreme unexpected forecast news and (5) in a poor information environment. This study extends the literature by focusing on a more desirable research setting in Japan, compared to other studies, to explore management forecasts and present new implications for the market pricing of management earnings forecasts.
Acquisitions and social capital
Authors: Chowdhury Hasibul , Hossain Ashrafee , Jha Anand 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe examine the association between the social capital—social norms that encourage altruism and discourage opportunism—in the state of the firm's headquarters and the acquisitions it makes. We find that the cumulative abnormal return around an acquisition announcement is high when an acquirer is headquartered in a high social capital state in the United States. This effect is robust and incremental to the effect of a firm's corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings and economically comparable to the effect of corporate governance. The effect of social capital is stronger for firms that have lower CSR ratings, which indicates social capital may act as a substitute for CSR. An additional analysis shows that social capital's effect is stronger in a subsample of firms with weak corporate governance. Acquirers from states with high social capital also demonstrate less hubris in acquiring targets than those from states with low social capital as the evidence of lower bid premiums indicates. Overall, our results show that the social norms that social capital measures mitigate potential agency problems in acquisitions by inducing managers to honor their obligations to shareholders.
Comparing factors related to perceived control and preventive behaviors from COVID‐19 between Japanese and American nursing students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kondo Akiko , Abuliezi Renaguli , Niitsu Kosuke , Naruse Kazuko , Oki Tomomi , Ota Erika , Ezeonwu Mabel C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimHigher levels of perceived control are important to maintain health. The difference in factors related to perceived control and preventive behaviors during the COVID‐19 pandemic between Japanese and American nursing students remains unknown. This study aimed to compare factors related to perceived control and infection preventive behaviors between the two countries.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included nursing students attending four universities in Japan and one in the United States. Using Google Forms, the participants answered a survey comprising sociodemographic data, the Perceived Control and Self‐Efficacy Scale, the Perceived Health Competence Scale, and a preventive behavior questionnaire. The data were collected from November 2020 to May 2021. Linear and logistic regressions were used to analyze the factors related to perceived control and preventive behaviors, respectively.ResultsData from 878 students were analyzed. University/campus emerged as a strong predictor for perceived control and preventive behaviors in both countries, with a positive correlation between perceived control and preventive behaviors. Older age, less frequent alcohol consumption, higher perceived health competence, less frequent work in Japan; and chronic conditions in the United States were associated with frequent preventive behaviors. Younger age was correlated with higher perceived control in Japan, while religion and increased workload were potential factors for American students.ConclusionIndividual factors were pivotal in Japan, whereas interpersonal factors were more likely related to perceived control in the United States. Additionally, in both countries, policy or organizational factors significantly influenced students' preventive behaviors.
Formation of multistage garnet grains by fragmentation and overgrowth constrained by microchemical and microstructural mapping
Authors: Manzotti Paola , Regis Daniele , Petts Duane C. , Graziani Riccardo , Polivchuk Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGarnet is an exceptionally useful mineral for reconstructing the evolution of metamorphic rocks that have experienced multiple tectonic or thermal events. Understanding how garnet crystallizes and its mechanical behaviour is important for establishing a petrological and temporal record of metamorphism and deformation and for recognizing multiple geologic stages within the growth history of an individual crystal. Here, we integrate fine‐scale microstructural (electron backscatter diffraction [EBSD]) and microchemical (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry [LA‐ICP‐MS] mapping) data obtained on a polycyclic garnet‐bearing micaschist from the Alpine belt. Results suggest that fragmentation of pre‐Alpine garnet porphyroblasts occurred during the late pre‐Alpine exhumation and/or the onset of the Alpine burial, such that the older pre‐Alpine garnet fragments were transported/redistributed during Alpine deformation and acted as nucleation sites for Alpine garnet growth. These processes produced a bimodal garnet size distribution (millimetre‐ and micrometre‐sized grains). Thermodynamic modelling indicates that Alpine garnet grew during the final stage of burial (from 1.9 GPa 480°C to 2.0 GPa 520°C) and early exhumation (down to 1.6 GPa 540°C) forming continuous idioblastic rims on and sealing fractures in pre‐Alpine garnet grains. We propose that fragmentation–overgrowth processes in polycyclic rocks, coupled with ductile deformation, may produce a bimodal garnet size distribution in response to fragmentation and re‐distribution of pre‐existing grains; these clasts can act as new nucleation sites during a subsequent orogenic cycle.
Bioenergetic and excitotoxic determinants of cofilactin rod formation
Authors: Mai Nguyen , Wu Long , Uruk Gökhan , Mocanu Ebony , Swanson Raymond A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCofilactin rods (CARs), which are 1:1 aggregates of cofilin‐1 and actin, lead to neurite loss in ischemic stroke and other disorders. The biochemical pathways driving CAR formation are well‐established, but how these pathways are engaged under ischemic conditions is less clear. Brain ischemia produces both ATP depletion and glutamate excitotoxicity, both of which have been shown to drive CAR formation in other settings. Here, we show that CARs are formed in cultured neurons exposed to ischemia‐like conditions: oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), glutamate, or oxidative stress. Of these conditions, only OGD produced significant ATP depletion, showing that ATP depletion is not required for CAR formation. Moreover, the OGD‐induced CAR formation was blocked by the glutamate receptor antagonists MK‐801 and kynurenic acid; the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors GSK2795039 and apocynin; as well as an ROS scavenger. The findings identify a biochemical pathway leading from OGD to CAR formation in which the glutamate release induced by energy failure leads to activation of neuronal glutamate receptors, which in turn activates NADPH oxidase to generate oxidative stress and CARs.image
Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak in Philadelphia and the 1976 United States Presidential Election
Authors: Sakamoto Ryota 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the summer of 1976, prior to the United States presidential election between Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter, an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease occurred in Philadelphia. After an epidemiological survey, 221 people with pneumonia or similar symptoms were identified, 34 of whom died. The outbreak prompted the advancement of legislation to exempt companies that produced influenza vaccines from liability for damages, resulting in significant losses for the government. The outbreak was a major economic blow to the Bellevue Stratford Hotel, an iconic historical hotel in Philadelphia, which was forced to close 16 days after the election. Following the outbreak, media coverage was extensive, and there was frustration over the inability to determine the cause of the outbreak in Philadelphia. The critical factor was that the cause of the outbreak was not determined to be rod‐shaped bacteria, later named Legionella pneumophila, before the election date. While many aspects had an impact, it is possible that the Legionnaires' disease outbreak may have affected the outcome of the election, particularly in Pennsylvania. This study does not make definitive causal links but focuses on Legionnaires' disease and the 1976 elections.
Cross‐Sector Partnership Research at Theoretical Interstices: Integrating and Advancing Theory across Phases
Authors: Sadri Mohamad , Aristidou Angela , Ravasi Davide 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCross‐sector partnerships (XSPs) are embraced by policymakers and practitioners to address complex social and environmental challenges that no single sector can tackle alone. However, extant research on XSPs has primarily focused on isolated phases and singular theoretical perspectives. In our paper, we synthesize XSP research in the public policy and management fields to deliver a comprehensive and coherent understanding of XSPs’ different phases and theoretical perspectives – the XSP ‘theoretical topology’. We introduce two approaches for theoretical enrichment: informing and interacting. We emphasize the significance of ‘theoretical interstices’ as undominated spaces for new knowledge exploration. Through our integrative cross‐phase, cross‐theoretical approach, we address fundamental yet open questions on XSP effectiveness, value, and impact. Our work challenges existing understandings and opens new research possibilities; offers implications for practitioners; and informs current policy debates on mandating XSPs and on the role of ‘big data’ – powered algorithms in the XSP landscape.
The race distribution of the Fulvia fulva populations and mutations in the Avr genes in Turkey
Authors: Gül Esra , Karakaya Aziz , Ergül Ali 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTomato leaf mould caused by Fulvia fulva (syn. Cladosporium fulvum, Passalora fulva) is an especially important disease of greenhouse grown tomato. In this study, F. fulva isolates were obtained from Antalya, Muğla, Mersin, Burdur, Bartın, and Zonguldak provinces of Turkey. Pathogenicity tests were carried out with 47 isolates using a differential set of tomato varieties containing Cf‐2, Cf‐4, Cf‐5, Cf‐6, Cf‐9, and Cf‐4/11 resistance genes and Cf‐0 with no resistance gene. As a result of pathogenicity tests, races 2, 2.4, 2.5, 2.9, 2.5.9, 2.4.11, and 2.4.5.9.11 were identified. The most frequent races were 2 and 2.5. In addition, mutations in the Avr2, Avr4, Avr4E, Avr5, and Avr9 genes were investigated. While mutations in Avr2 and Avr5 genes occurred within the coding region, Avr4E and Avr9 genes occurred outside the coding DNA sequence. Based on mutations in Avr genes and mating types, 14 genotypes of F. fulva were determined. This study revealed the race distribution of the F. fulva populations and mutations in the Avr genes in Turkey. It will contribute to studies on the population structure and control of the pathogen.
Quantification of bulk elemental composition for C‐type asteroid Ryugu samples with nondestructive elemental analysis using muon beam
Authors: Ninomiya Kazuhiko , Osawa Takahito , Terada Kentaro , Wada Taiga , Nagasawa Shunsaku , Chiu I‐Haun , Nakamura Tomoki , Takahashi Tadayuki , Miyake Yasuhiro , Kubo M. Kenya , Takeshita Soshi , Taniguchi Akihiro , Umegaki Izumi , Watanabe Shin , Azuma Toshiyuki , Katsuragawa Miho , Minami Takahiro , Mizumoto Kazumi , Shimomura Koichiro , Takeda Shin'ichiro , Morita Tomoyo , Kikuiri Mizuha , Amano Kana , Kagawa Eiichi , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Okazaki Ryuji , Yabuta Hikaru , Naraoka Hiroshi , Sakamoto Kanako , Tachibana Shogo , Yada Toru , Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Miyazaki Akiko , Yogata Kasumi , Abe Masanao , Okada Tatsuaki , Usui Tomohiro , Yoshikawa Makoto , Saiki Takanao , Tanaka Satoshi , Terui Fuyuto , Nakazawa Satoru , Watanabe Sei‐ichiro , Tsuda Yuichi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSamples from asteroid Ryugu, brought back by asteroid explorer Hayabusa2, are important for investigating the origin and evolution of the solar system. Here, we report the elemental compositions of a 123‐mg Ryugu sample determined with a nondestructive muon elemental analysis method. This method is a powerful tool for determining bulk chemical composition, including light elements such as C, N, and O. From the muonic x‐ray spectra with three carbonaceous chondrites, the relationship between the elemental composition and muonic x‐ray intensity was determined for each element. Calibration curves showed linearity, and the elemental composition of Ryugu was quantitatively determined. The results reflect the average bulk elemental composition of asteroid Ryugu owing to the large amount of samples. Ryugu has an elemental composition similar to that of Orgueil (CI1) and should be classified as CI1. However, the O/Si ratio of Ryugu is 25% lower than that of Orgueil, indicating that Orgueil may have been seriously contaminated by terrestrial materials after its fall to Earth. These results indicate that the Ryugu sample is more representative than the CI chondrites as a solid material of the solar system.
Geochemical biosignature formation in experimental Martian fluvio‐lacustrine and simulated evaporitic settings
Authors: Cogliati Simone , Macey Michael C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo assess whether life existed on Mars, it is crucial to identify geochemical biosignatures that are relevant to specific Martian environments. In this paper, thermochemical modeling was used to investigate fluid chemistries and secondary minerals that would have evolved biotically over geological time scales in Martian fluvio‐lacustrine and evaporitic settings, and that could be used as potential inorganic biosignatures for life detection on Mars. Modeling was performed using fluid and rock chemistries relevant to Gale crater aqueous environments. Potential inorganic biosignatures were identified investigating alteration deposits found at the surface of a simulant exposed to short‐term bio‐mediated weathering and comparing experimental and modeling results. In a fluvio‐lacustrine setting (water/rock of 2000–278), models suggest that less complex mineral assemblages form during biotic basalt dissolution and subsequent brine evaporation compared to what would happen in an abiotic system. Mainly nontronite, kaolinite, and quartz form under biotic conditions, whereas celadonite, talc, and goethite would also precipitate abiotically. Quartz, sepiolite, and gypsum would precipitate from the evaporation of fluids evolved biotically, whereas nontronite, talc, zeolite, and gypsum would form in an abiotic evaporitic environment. These results could be used to distinguish products of abiotic and biotic processes, aiding the interpretation of data from Mars exploration missions.