bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities among Black and Hispanic colorectal cancer patients: Findings from the California Cancer Registry
Authors: Mendez Joel Sanchez , Wang Ruoxuan , Liu Lihua , Zhang Juanjuan , Schmit Stephanie L. , Figueiredo Jane , Lenz Heinz‐Josef , Stern Mariana C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in California and second among Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) males. Data from the California Cancer Registry were utilized to investigate the differential impact on CRC outcomes from demographic and clinical characteristics among non‐Hispanic white (NHW), non‐Hispanic Black (NHB), U.S. born (USB), and non‐U.S. born (NUSB) H/L patients diagnosed during 1995–2020.MethodsWe identified 248,238 NHW, 28,433 NHB, and 62,747 H/L cases (32,402 NUSB and 30,345 USB). Disparities across groups were evaluated through case frequencies, odds ratios (OR) from logistic regression, and hazard ratios (HR) from Cox regression models. All statistical tests were two‐sided.ResultsNHB patients showed a higher proportion of colon tumors (75.8%) than NHW (71.5%), whereas both NUSB (65.9%) and USB (66.9%) H/L cases had less (p < 0.001). In multivariate models, NUSB H/L cases were 15% more likely than NHW to have rectal cancer. Compared to NHW, NHB cases had the greatest proportion of Stage IV diagnoses (26.0%) and were more likely to die of CRC (multivariate HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.10–1.15). Instead, NUSB H/L patients were less likely to die of CRC (multivariate HR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.85–0.89) whereas USB H/L did not differ from NHW.ConclusionsNHB and H/L cases have more adverse characteristics at diagnosis compared to NHW cases, with NHB cases being more likely to die from CRC. However, NUSB H/Ls cases showed better survival than NHW and US born H/L patients. These findings highlight the importance of considering nativity among H/L populations to understand cancer disparities.
Targeting the ZNF‐148/miR‐335/SOD2 signaling cascade triggers oxidative stress‐mediated pyroptosis and suppresses breast cancer progression
Authors: Wang Yanmei , Gong Yansi , Li Xuesha , Long Weizhao , Zhang Jiayu , Wu Jiefang , Dong Yilong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe implication of zinc finger protein 148 (ZNF‐148) in pathophysiology of most human cancers has been reported; however, the biological functions of ZNF‐148 in breast cancer remain unclear. This study sought to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of ZNF‐148 on breast cancer pathology.MethodsZNF148 expression was tested in breast cancer tissues and cells. Then, cells were transfected with ZNF‐148 overexpression or downregulation vector, and the cell proliferation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed by MTT, western blot, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Tumor‐bearing nude mouse was used to evaluate tumorigenesis of ZNF‐148. Mechanisms underpinning ZNF‐148 were examined using bioinformatics and luciferase assays.ResultsWe found that ZNF‐148 was upregulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of ZNF‐148 suppressed malignant phenotypes, including cell proliferation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, while ZNF‐148 overexpression had the opposite effects. Further experiments showed that ZNF‐148 deficiency promoted ROS production and triggered both apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death, which were restored by cotreating cells with ROS scavengers. A luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR‐335 was the downstream target of ZNF‐148 and that overexpressed ZNF‐148 increased superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression by sponging miR‐335. In parallel, both miR‐335 downregulation and SOD2 overexpression abrogated the antitumor effects of ZNF‐148 deficiency on proliferation and pyroptosis in breast cancer cells.ConclusionsOur findings indicated that ZNF‐148 promotes breast cancer progression by triggering miR‐335/SOD2/ROS‐mediated pyroptotic cell death and aid the identification of potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
Inhibition of Aurora‐A/N‐Myc Protein–Protein Interaction Using Peptidomimetics: Understanding the Role of Peptide Cyclization**
Authors: Dawber Robert S. , Gimenez Diana , Batchelor Matthew , Miles Jennifer A. , Wright Megan H. , Bayliss Richard , Wilson Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing N‐Myc61‐89 as a starting template we showcase the systematic use of truncation and maleimide constraining to develop peptidomimetic inhibitors of the N‐Myc/Aurora‐A protein–protein interaction (PPI); a potential anticancer drug discovery target. The most promising of these – N‐Myc73‐94‐N85C/G89C‐mal – is shown to favour a more Aurora‐A compliant binding ensemble in comparison to the linear wild‐type sequence as observed through fluorescence anisotropy competition assays, circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Further in silico investigation of this peptide in its Aurora‐A bound state, by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, imply (i) the bound conformation is more stable as a consequence of the constraint, which likely suppresses dissociation and (ii) the constraint may make further stabilizing interactions with the Aurora‐A surface. Taken together this work unveils the first orthosteric N‐Myc/Aurora‐A inhibitor and provides useful insights on the biophysical properties and thus design of constrained peptides, an attractive therapeutic modality.
Schneller H2‐ready werden
Authors: Gandert Etwina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMit dem Hochlaufen der Wasserstoffwirtschaft geht eine enorme Nachfrage nach Engineering‐ und Produktionskapazitäten einher, die kaum zu decken ist. Eine Lösung dafür sieht der Softwareanbieter Aucotec in der konsequenten Datenzentrierung im digitalen Zwilling, was effizientere, modulare Engineering‐Prozesse ermöglicht. Im CITplus‐Interview erläutert Reinhard Knapp, Leiter Global Strategies beim Engineering‐Software‐Entwickler Aucotec, welche Vorteile im Engineering und im Anlagenbetrieb daraus entstehen.
An improved ensemble machine learning classifier for efficient spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks
Authors: P.T. Sivagurunathan , N Sathishkumar 
Published: November 2023

SummaryCognitive radio network (CRN) is one form of wireless communication for solving the spectrum underutilization problem. It is mainly used for sensing and learning the electromagnetic environment and changes according to the environment. CRNs mainly depend on the cooperation functionality for making the network work efficiently. The main technology in cognitive radio is spectrum sensing. The cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) scheme is used for estimating the high transmit power in the cognitive radio networks, and the result is that it satisfies the interference constraints. It develops the communication overhead for the local observation dissemination between the secondary users. It is used for speed and accurate detection techniques of the user, and it also identifies the spectrum holes without any interference to others while sharing with other users. It is based on the ensemble support vector machine (SVM) with CSS for producing high performance in CRNs with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques.
Key roles of glial cells in the encephalopathy of prematurity
Authors: Van Steenwinckel Juliette , Bokobza Cindy , Laforge Mireille , Shearer Isabelle K. , Miron Veronique E. , Rua Rejane , Matta Samantha M. , Hill‐Yardin Elisa L. , Fleiss Bobbi , Gressens Pierre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcross the globe, approximately one in 10 babies are born preterm, that is, before 37 weeks of a typical 40 weeks of gestation. Up to 50% of preterm born infants develop brain injury, encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP), that substantially increases their risk for developing lifelong defects in motor skills and domains of learning, memory, emotional regulation, and cognition. We are still severely limited in our abilities to prevent or predict preterm birth. No longer just the “support cells,” we now clearly understand that during development glia are key for building a healthy brain. Glial dysfunction is a hallmark of EoP, notably, microgliosis, astrogliosis, and oligodendrocyte injury. Our knowledge of glial biology during development is exponentially expanding but hasn't developed sufficiently for development of effective neuroregenerative therapies. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge for the roles of glia in infants with EoP and its animal models, and a description of known glial‐cell interactions in the context of EoP, such as the roles for border‐associated macrophages. The field of perinatal medicine is relatively small but has worked passionately to improve our understanding of the etiology of EoP coupled with detailed mechanistic studies of pre‐clinical and human cohorts. A primary finding from this review is that expanding our collaborations with computational biologists, working together to understand the complexity of glial subtypes, glial maturation, and the impacts of EoP in the short and long term will be key to the design of therapies that improve outcomes.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with severe and nonsevere COVID‐19 in Kermanshah, west of Iran: A retrospective study
Authors: Nemati Zargaran Fatemeh , Rostamian Mosayeb , Alimoradi Saeed , Rezaeian Shahab , Javadirad Etrat , Chegene Lorestani Roya , Motamed Hajar , Hasanpourshahlaei Mahtab , Rostami Elham , Ghadiri Keyghobad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe study aimed to collect and compare clinical and laboratory findings of children with severe and nonsevere COVID‐19 in Kermanshah City, located in the west of Iran.MethodsThe study was conducted on 500 children with COVID‐19 hospitalized in Mohammad‐Kermanshahi Hospital in Kermanshah City. Pediatric COVID‐19 was confirmed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test using respiratory secretion samples. Medical records were reviewed and information related to demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and chest computed tomography (CT) scans were all extracted from electronic and paper records. Patients were divided into three groups according to the severity of the disease: mild, moderate, and severe. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between the groups and the collected data were analyzed by statistical methods.ResultsOut of 500 patients, 286 were boys and 214 were girls. Of the patients, 321 cases were only COVID‐19, while 179 patients were diagnosed as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS‐C) positive. The average age of COVID‐19 patients was 3.85 ± 4.48 and of MIS‐C patients was 3.1 ± 3.5. In order, fever, cough, and heart disorders were the most common symptoms in patients with COVID‐19 and MIS‐C, respectively. In terms of disease severity, 246 patients had mild disease, 19 patients had moderate disease, and 56 patients had severe disease. In severe patients, the average number of white blood cells (WBC) was higher, while the average number of lymphocytes was lower. Also, in these patients, the average age was lower, and most of them had respiratory distress. In mild patients, often cough, diarrhea, and vomiting were observed.ConclusionThe results of our study showed that laboratory factors such as WBC count, lymphocyte count, CT findings, Respiratory distress, cough, diarrhea, and vomiting can be used to evaluate the severity of COVID‐19 in children.
Access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services and drinking water contamination risk levels in households of Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Girmay Aderajew Mekonnen , Mengesha Sisay Derso , Dinssa Daniel A. , Alemu Zinabu Assefa , Wagari Bedasa , Weldegebriel Mesaye G. , Serte Melaku G. , Alemayehu Tsigereda A. , Kenea Moa Abate , Weldetinsae Abel , Teklu Kirubel T. , Adugna Ermias Alemayehu , Awoke Kaleab S. , Bedada Tesfaye L. , Gobena Waktole , Fikreslassie Getnet , Wube Wendayehu , Hoffmann Vivian , Tessema Masresha , Tollera Getachew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAccess to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene is a fundamental human right and essential to control infectious diseases. However, many countries, including Ethiopia, do not have adequate data to report on basic water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services. Although contaminated drinking water spreads diseases like cholera, diarrhea, typhoid, and dysentery, studies on drinking water contamination risk levels in households are limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, closing this gap needs investigation.MethodsA community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted. A total of 5350 households were included. A systematic, simple random sampling technique was used to select the participants. The information was gathered through in‐person interviews using a standardized questionnaire. Furthermore, 1070 drinking water samples were collected from household water storage.ResultsThis investigation revealed that 9.8%, 83.9%, and 4.9% of households used limited, basic, and safely managed drinking water services, respectively. Besides, 10.2%, 15.7% and 59.3% of households used safely managed, basic and limited sanitation services, respectively. Yet, 10.6% and 4.2% of households used unimproved sanitation facilities and open defecation practices. Also, 40.5% and 19.4% of households used limited and basic hygiene services. On the other hand, 40.1% of households lacked functional handwashing facilities. In this study, 12.1%, 26.3%, and 42% of households’ drinking water samples were positive for Escherichia coli, fecal coliforms, and total coliforms, respectively. Also, 5.1% and 4.5% of households’ drinking water samples had very high and high contamination risk levels for E. coli, respectively. We found that 2.5% and 11.5% of households and water distributors had unacceptable fluoride concentrations, respectively.ConclusionThe majority of households in Bishoftu town lack access to safely managed sanitation, drinking water, and basic hygiene services. Many households’ water samples had very high and high health risk levels. Hence, the government and partner organizations should implement water and sanitation safety plans.
Effect of lanthanum nitrate on adipogenesis in mice
Authors: Ma Yuhong , Xiao Qianqian , Kang Chenping , Yuan Lilan , Zhao Zhe , Wang Xiaoxia , Liu Qianyi , Guo Wanqian , Wei Xuetao , Hao Weidong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLanthanum (La) is widely used in modern industry and agriculture because of its unique physicochemical properties and is broadly exposed in the population. Some studies have shown that La may have some effects on adipogenesis, but there is a lack of related in vivo evidence. In this study, the effects of La(NO3)3 on adipogenesis and its associated mechanism were studied using C57BL/6J mouse model. The results showed that La(NO3)3 exposure caused a decrease in body weight and the percentage of fat content in mice. In addition, the adipose marker molecules and specific adipogenic transcription factors decreased in both white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Detection of signaling pathway‐related molecules revealed that canonical wnt/β‐catenin pathway‐related molecules were upregulated in both adipose tissues. In summary, in vivo exposure to La(NO3)3 might inhibited adipogenesis in mice, possibly through upregulation of the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
Decoding energy decomposition analysis: Machine‐learned Insights on the impact of the density functional on the bonding analysis
Authors: Oestereich Toni , Tonner‐Zech Ralf , Westermayr Julia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of chemical bonding is a crucial aspect of chemistry that aids in understanding the complexity and reactivity of molecules and materials. However, the interpretation of chemical bonds can be hindered by the choice of the theoretical approach and the specific method utilized. This study aims to investigate the effect of choosing different density functionals on the interpretation of bonding achieved through energy decomposition analysis (EDA). To achieve this goal, a data set was created, representing four bonding groups and various combinations of functionals and dispersion correction schemes. The calculations showed significant variation among the different functionals for the EDA terms, with the dispersion correction terms exhibiting the highest variability. More information was extracted by using machine learning in combination with dimensionality reduction on the data set. Results indicate that, despite the differences in the EDA terms obtained from different functionals, the functional has the least significant impact, suggesting minimal influence on the bonding interpretation.
Assessment of phosphorus status in a calcareous soil receiving long‐term application of chemical fertilizer and different forms of swine manures
Authors: Kodaolu Busayo , Mohammed Ibrahim , Wang Yutao , Zhang Tiequan , Audette Yuki , Longstaffe James 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe continuous use of organic inputs in crop production calls for an improved understanding of how these inputs might alter soil phosphorus (P). This study assessed how the continuous application of different forms of swine manure influences the mechanism of P transformation and release potential. Soil samples were collected from a clay loam soil receiving no P or 100 kg P ha−1 applied as either chemical fertilizer (CHEM), swine liquid manure (SWL), composted swine manure (SWC), or solid swine manure (SWS) every other year for 16 years in a corn–soybean rotation. Available P increased in soils treated with the chemical and organic fertilizers. The greatest increase was found in the SWC and SWS and was closely related to a 1% increase in the organic C content, and 1.3‐ and 1.2‐unit increase in the soil pH for SWC and SWS treatment, respectively. Nonlabile HCl‐P form was also higher in SWC‐ and SWS‐treated soils. Despite the similarities between SWS and SWC, SWS significantly had a lower maximum P sorption (Qmax) and higher equilibrium P concentration at zero net sorption (EPCO) probably related to the higher organic NaOH‐P. Similarly, higher organic NaOH‐P together with lower cation exchange capacity, aluminum, and calcium explained the lower Qmax in SWL. This suggests that increase in organic NaOH‐P forms limits the soil potential to retain P. Overall, the SWL treatment presents a unique effect on changes in soil property and P chemistry that warrants further investigation.
Outcomes of venetoclax combined with homoharringtonine and cytarabine in fit adults patients with de novo adverse‐risk acute myeloid leukaemia: A single‐centre retrospective analysis
Authors: Song Bao‐Quan , Kong Xin , Pu Yan , Liu Yin , Zhang Jian , Wu De‐Pei , Qiu Hui‐Ying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdverse‐risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a dismal prognosis. We aimed to investigate the activity and tolerability of venetoclax combined with homoharringtonine (HHT) plus cytarabine (VHA) regimen for de novo adverse‐risk AML. Thirteen de novo AML patients with adverse‐risk factors were treated with venetoclax (100 mg day 1, 200 mg day 2, 400 mg days 3‐21), HHT (1 mg/m2 days 1‐5) and cytarabine (100 mg/m2 days 1‐5) (VHA regimen). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 11/13 patient (84.6%), all of CR responders were measurable residual disease (MRD) negative detected by multi‐parameter flow cytometry (MFC). Grade 3‐4 neutropenia, anaemia, and thrombocytopenia occurred in most patients. Grade 3‐4 non haematological adverse events (AEs) included febrile neutropenia (4/13, 30.8%). With a median follow‐up of 10 months (range 4‐19), median overall survival and event‐free survival were not reached. VHA may be a promising and well‐tolerated regimen in de novo adverse‐risk AML.
Liver regeneration after hepatectomy is significantly suppressed in a muscular atrophy mouse model
Authors: Hagiwara Kei , Watanabe Akira , Harimoto Norifumi , Araki Kenichiro , Yokobori Takehiko , Muranushi Ryo , Hoshino Kouki , Ishii Norihiro , Tsukagoshi Mariko , Shirabe Ken 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. As reported in previous studies, the loss of skeletal muscle mass is associated with poor liver regeneration after hepatectomy. It is considered important to clarify the effect of sarcopenia on liver regeneration; however, there are no reports about model animals for sarcopenia. We focused on the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator‐1alpha (PGC‐1α) transgenic mice that overexpressed PGC‐1α, specifically for skeletal muscle, and showed significant atrophy of type 2B fiber‐rich muscles like sarcopenia.MethodsWe performed 70% hepatectomy using PGC‐1α transgenic mice and examined the liver regeneration rate and the effects of branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) after hepatectomy.ResultsLiver regeneration after 70% hepatectomy was significantly suppressed in the PGC‐1α transgenic mice. In addition, a decrease in the blood BCAA concentration and a decrease in the liver glycogen content after 70% hepatectomy were observed in the PGC‐1α transgenic mice. By administering BCAA before and after surgery, it was clarified that a significant increase in the blood BCAA concentration was observed and the liver regeneration rate was improved in the PGC‐1α transgenic mice.ConclusionsBCAA administration may improve the suppression of liver regeneration in patients with sarcopenia.
Lower academic performance among children with perinatal HIV exposure in Botswana
Authors: Powis Kathleen M. , Lebanna Lesedi , Schenkel Sara , Masasa Gosego , Kgole Samuel W. , Ngwaca Martha , Kgathi Coulson , Williams Paige L. , Slogrove Amy L. , Shapiro Roger L. , Lockman Shahin , Mmalane Mompati O. , Makhema Joseph M. , Jao Jennifer , Cassidy Adam R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionStudies have reported a higher risk of suboptimal neurodevelopment among children who are HIV‐exposed uninfected (HEU) compared to children HIV‐unexposed uninfected (HUU). Actual academic performance among school‐aged children by HIV exposure status has not been studied.MethodsAcademic performance in Mathematics, Science, English, Setswana and overall among children enrolled in the Botswana‐based FLOURISH study who were attending public primary school and ranging in age from 7.1 to 14.6 years were compared by HIV exposure status using a Cochran‐Mantel‐Haenszel test. Lower academic performance was defined as a grade of “C” or lower (≤60%). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were fit to assess for an association between HIV exposure and lower academic performance.ResultsBetween April 2021 and December 2022, 398 children attending public primary school enrolled in the FLOURSH study, 307 (77%) were HEU. Median age was 9.4 years (IQR 8.9–10.2). Only 17.9% of children HEU were breastfeed versus 100% of children HUU. Among children HEU, 80.3% had foetal exposure to three‐drug antiretroviral treatment, 18.7% to zidovudine only and 1.0% had no antiretroviral exposure. Caregivers of children HEU were older compared to caregivers of children HUU (median 42 vs. 36 years) and more likely to have no or primary education only (15.0% vs. 1.1%). In unadjusted analyses, children HEU were more likely to have lower overall academic performance compared to their children HUU (odds ratio [OR]: 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 3.30]), and lower performance in Mathematics, Science and English. The association was attenuated after adjustment for maternal education, caregiver income, breastfeeding, low birth weight and child sex (aOR: 1.86 [95% CI: 0.78, 4.43]).ConclusionsIn this Botswana‐based cohort, primary school academic performance was lower among children HEU compared to children HUU. Biological and socio‐demographic factors, including child sex, appear to contribute to this difference. Further research is needed to identify modifiable contributors, develop screening tools to identify the risk of poor academic performance and design interventions to mitigate risk.