bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do changes to social rights happen? Tracing changes in the right to social assistance for irregularised migrants in Sweden
Authors: Lundberg Anna , Persdotter Maria , Wernesjö Ulrika 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article investigates changes in the right to social assistance – a means-tested cash support programme, regulated by the Social Services Act – for irregularised migrants over a period of four decades, 1982–2022. The article makes the case that austerity policies have hollowed out the right to support, with significant repercussions for those with irregularised residency status. In doing so, it draws on a range of empirical data to shed light on the dynamics of legal change over time and across various settings, identifying both continuities and critical turning points. The latter include shifts in national or local migration policies, and novel intersections between migration law and social law, epitomised by court judgments that have redrawn the lines of inclusion and exclusion in the sphere of rights holders. The article also highlights continuous issues concerning inconsistencies in the legal sources made used of by courts, neglect of children’s interests and needs, and an application of requirements for participation in work-related activities that disadvantage migrants and citizens alike. Ultimately, the article offers insights into how social rights can be preserved in the context of increasingly restrictive migration and social policies.
A Historyof the “Pernicious Foreigner”: Jean Meyer and the Re-writing of the Mexican Revolution During the Global Sixties
Authors: Pensado Jaime M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article provides an intellectual history of Jean Meyer as an effort to shed light on the role that foreign historians played in the shaping of the Global Sixties in Mexico. His three-volume text composing La Cristiada (1972–74) has endured as one of the most cited and reprinted books in Mexican history, and to this day, its author has remained a hegemonic voice in Mexican academia. Yet little is known about the making of this groundbreaking book. In this effort, this article situates its methodology, revisionist arguments, and immediate perception in the political context of the era. It brings attention to Meyer’s rise in Mexican academia and examines the intellectual impact that three culminating events—the Cuban Revolution (1959), the progressive Catholicism of the Second Vatican Council (1962–65), and the Tlatelolco massacre of 1968—had on his generation and in the shaping of the Global Sixties in Mexico.
Significant East‐West Electron Density Differences Occurring in Less Than 30° Longitude Over the Ocean During the Recovery Phase of a Strong Geomagnetic Storm in Solar Minimum
Authors: Kuai Jiawei , Ma Qiaoqiao , Yu Tingting , Wu Kun , Sun Hao , Zhang Yedan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe conducted observational studies of ionospheric responses to the geomagnetic storm on 12 May 2021. We selected three cases that the electron density altitude profiles observed by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate‐2 (COSMIC‐2) exhibited significant longitudinal differences in less than 30° longitudes. These cases occurred over the Atlantic Ocean and during the storm's recovery phase. All three cases show relatively weaker variations on the west side between disturbed and quiet time (<10%), while displaying pronounced positive/negative electron density variations on the east side (as large as 100%). GOLD and ICON observations illustrate that the thermospheric composition plays a minor role in the longitudinal differences, while neutral winds and disturbed electric fields make major contributions. Furthermore, significant longitudinal differences in E×B drift and neutral winds have also been observed, which will be part of the future work. This study provides unique insights into ionospheric responses within 30‐degree longitude range over the ocean.
Low Geomagnetic Paleointensity in the Mid‐Part of the Kiaman Superchron
Authors: Lloyd Simon J. , Biggin Andrew J. , Domeier Mathew , Lundmark A. Mattias , van der Boon Annique 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Kiaman Reversed Superchron (∼260–318 Ma) is the longest known period of single geomagnetic polarity in Earth history (∼55 million years). It is associated with anomalously low dispersion of virtual geomagnetic poles and some high estimates of Earth's dipole moment. However, many of these strong paleointensity data are of poor or unknown quality. Here we report full‐vector paleomagnetic measurements from a series of mid‐Kiaman (∼282–302 Ma) lamprophyre dykes from Orkney, Scotland. A total of 258 paleointensity experiments were performed alongside rock magnetic experiments and scanning electron microscopy. Eleven dykes produced virtual dipole moment estimates indicating that the field was weak (between 0.1 and 2.9 × 1022 Am2) at 302 Ma and only moderately stronger (between 2.7 and 7.1 × 1022 Am2) at 282 Ma. These new data challenge the paradigm of a uniquely strong field in the Kiaman superchron and are especially intriguing when considered alongside recent studies of geomagnetic field behavior during the later Cretaceous Normal Superchron (∼84–121 Ma). Average dipole moment may be marginally elevated and paleosecular variation moderately suppressed during the superchrons but, in other respects, the field can appear similar to that encountered during other times. The deep‐Earth conditions allowing for the generation of a geomagnetic field that is capable of weak, unstable behavior and transitory polarity inversions, while nevertheless maintaining a dominant single polarity for tens of millions of years, is not yet clear. The challenge of explaining superchrons and their geodynamic origin motivates further study integrating paleomagnetic observations with predictions from geodynamo simulations.
Do Microplastics Contribute to the Total Number Concentration of Ice Nucleating Particles?
Authors: Tatsii Daria , Gasparini Blaž , Evangelou Ioanna , Bucci Silvia , Stohl Andreas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) can be transported into clouds, where they may act as ice nucleating particles (INPs). However, MPs have not been considered as contributors to INP concentrations. Here, we quantify road traffic‐related MP number concentrations, and estimate their contribution to total INP concentrations using the atmospheric transport model FLEXPART. We find that under a high emission scenario ice‐active MPs can account from about 0.1% to more than 40% of the total INP number in immersion freezing conditions in the tropics, whereas for cirrus conditions, their contribution can be up to about 7% over the tropical Pacific and up to about 20% over East Antarctica. Thus, in regions where other effective INPs are rare, ice‐active MP concentrations may be sufficient to trigger heterogeneous nucleation of ice crystals in mixed‐phase clouds or cirrus. This suggests that MP may affect cloud formation and highlights the need to reduce uncertainty in MP emissions and their fate in the atmosphere as plastic use continues to grow.
A living library concept to capture the dynamics and reactivity of mixed-metal clusters for catalysis
Authors: Bühler Raphael , Schütz Max , Andriani Karla F. , Quiles Marcos G. , de Mendonça João Paulo A. , Ocampo-Restrepo Vivianne K. , Stephan Johannes , Ling Sophia , Kahlal Samia , Saillard Jean-Yves , Gemel Christian , Da Silva Juarez L. F. , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The exploration of ligated metal clusters’ chemical space is challenging, partly owing to an insufficiently targeted access to reactive clusters. Now, dynamic mixtures of clusters, defined as living libraries, are obtained through organometallic precursor chemistry. The libraries are populated with interrelated clusters, including transient and highly reactive ones, as well as more accessible but less reactive species. Their evolutions upon perturbation with substrate molecules are monitored and chemical information is gained without separation of the clusters. Here we prepared a library of all-hydrocarbon ligated Cu/Zn clusters and developed a bias-free computational framework suited to analyse the full compositional space that yields a reliable structural model for each cluster. This methodology enables efficient searches for structure–reactivity relationships relevant for catalysis with mixed-metal clusters: when treating the library with CO2 or 3-hexyne and H2, we discovered [Cu11Zn6](Cp*)8(CO2)2(HCO2) bearing a formate species related to CO2 reduction and [Cu9Zn7](Cp*)6(Hex)3(H)3 bearing C6 species related to alkyne semi-hydrogenation.
Diversity of biomass usage pathways to achieve emissions targets in the European energy system
Authors: Millinger M. , Hedenus F. , Zeyen E. , Neumann F. , Reichenberg L. , Berndes G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biomass is a versatile renewable energy source with applications across the energy system, but it is a limited resource and its usage needs prioritization. We use a sector-coupled European energy system model to explore near-optimal solutions for achieving emissions targets. We find that provision of biogenic carbon has higher value than bioenergy provision. Energy system costs increase by 20% if biomass is excluded at a net-negative (−110%) emissions target and by 14% at a net-zero target. Dispatchable bioelectricity covering ~1% of total electricity generation strengthens supply reliability. Otherwise, it is not crucial in which sector biomass is used, if combined with carbon capture to enable negative emissions and feedstock for e-fuel production. A shortage of renewable electricity or hydrogen supply primarily increases the value of using biomass for fuel production. Results are sensitive to upstream emissions of biomass, carbon sequestration capacity and costs of direct air capture.
KorB switching from DNA-sliding clamp to repressor mediates long-range gene silencing in a multi-drug resistance plasmid
Authors: McLean Thomas C. , Balaguer-Pérez Francisco , Chandanani Joshua , Thomas Christopher M. , Aicart-Ramos Clara , Burick Sophia , Olinares Paul Dominic B. , Gobbato Giulia , Mundy Julia E. A. , Chait Brian T. , Lawson David M. , Darst Seth A. , Campbell Elizabeth A. , Moreno-Herrero Fernando , Le Tung B. K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Examples of long-range gene regulation in bacteria are rare and generally thought to involve DNA looping. Here, using a combination of biophysical approaches including X-ray crystallography and single-molecule analysis for the KorB–KorA system in Escherichia coli, we show that long-range gene silencing on the plasmid RK2, a source of multi-drug resistance across diverse Gram-negative bacteria, is achieved cooperatively by a DNA-sliding clamp, KorB, and a clamp-locking protein, KorA. We show that KorB is a CTPase clamp that can entrap and slide along DNA to reach distal target promoters up to 1.5 kb away. We resolved the tripartite crystal structure of a KorB–KorA–DNA co-complex, revealing that KorA latches KorB into a closed clamp state. DNA-bound KorA thus stimulates repression by stalling KorB sliding at target promoters to occlude RNA polymerase holoenzymes. Together, our findings explain the mechanistic basis for KorB role switching from a DNA-sliding clamp to a co-repressor and provide an alternative mechanism for long-range regulation of gene expression in bacteria.
Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in a population-based pediatric cohort
Authors: Höppner Jakob , Maier Christoph , Schlegtendal Anne , Hoffmann Anna , Petersmann Astrid , Lücke Thomas , Toepfner Nicole , Brinkmann Folke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
During the omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and with SARS-CoV-2 vaccines becoming available, seroprevalence rates rose in children and adolescents. This study investigated the impact of both SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccinations on the incidence of acute and prolonged symptoms in real-world conditions during the transition from the pandemic to the endemic phase. Participants from a pediatric population based seroprevalence study (CorKID study) were followed up at least two and for almost four years by survey of health status features and symptoms suggestive of post-COVID syndrome (PCS). In a subgroup (n = 259) SARS-CoV-2 antibody serology was further investigated. 789 participants of the original CorKID study cohort (n = 2.121; 37.2%) were included. 67.9% reported at least one SARS-CoV2 infection. 46.6% had received one or more SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. In the vast majority of serologically tested participants antibodies again SARS-CoV-2 spike (98.9%) or nucleocapsid (93.3%) antigen were detected following infection and/or vaccination. At least 30% experienced one unrecognized SARS-CoV-2 infection. The overall health status was comparable between children, irrespective of SARS-CoV-2 infections and similar to pre-pandemic assessment. However, a subset of young adolescents exhibited a decline in physical performance compared to pre-pandemic conditions. After infection, PCS-like symptoms persisted in 7% of the respondents for more than three months and up to four years. SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated participants (47%) reported 12% less acute flu-like infections other than SARS-CoV-2. Nearly all participants developed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in this longitudinal study through either vaccination or infection during the Omicron wave. About 7% of participants suffered from PCS symptoms, predominately fatigue and exhaustion. Furthermore, participants who received vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reported a lower frequency of acute infections during follow-up.
Photon-counting-detector CT outperforms state-of-the-art cone-beam and energy-integrated-detector CT in delineation of dental root canals
Authors: Rau Stephan , Pichotka Martin Peter , Rau Alexander , Reisert Marco , Altenburger Markus Jörg , Schmelzeisen Rainer , Cieplik Fabian , Bamberg Fabian , Russe Maximilian Frederik , Semper-Hogg Wiebke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This experimental phantom study investigates current standard of care protocols in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), energy-integrating-detector (EID) CT, and photon-counting-detector (PCD) CT regarding their potential in delineation of dental root canals. Artificial accessory canals (diameters: 1000, 600, 400, 300 and 200 μm) were drilled into three bovine teeth mounted on a bovine rib as a jaw substitute. The phantom was scanned in two dental CBCTs, two EID-CTs and a PCD-CT using standard clinical protocols. Scans from a micro-CT served as reference standard. Spatial resolution was evaluated via line profiles through the canals, whereby visibility compared to surrounding noise and compared to the ground truth were assessed. PCD-CT was able to delineate all artificial canals down to 200 μm diameter. In CBCT and EID-CT canals could only be reliably detected down to 300 μm. Also, PCD-CT showed a considerably smaller width-divergence from the ground trough with 4.4% at 1000 μm and 35.1% at 300 μm compared to CBCT (13.5 and 72.9%) and EID-CT (10.1 and 115.7%). PCD-CT provided superior resolution, accurate size measurement, and enhanced detection of small dental root canals, thereby offering improvements in diagnostic capabilities compared to CBCT and EID-CT systems.
Comparison of outcomes with and without intrastent placement during PMS surgery
Authors: Miura Yusaku , Fukuda Ken , Yamashiro Kenji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To assess the efficacy of using a nylon suture as a stent in the PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) lumen to prevent postoperative hypotony, 59 eyes that underwent PMS implantation with follow-up for > 6 months were analyzed. Patients were divided into no intrastenting (NST) and intrastenting (ST) groups, with the ST group subdivided into 9 − 0 nylon suture fully placed (9 F), 9 − 0 nylon suture placement in only half of the lumen (9 H), 10 − 0 nylon suture fully placed (10 F), and 10 − 0 nylon suture placement in only half of the lumen (10 H). The distribution was as follows: 23 eyes in the NST group, 10 in the 9 F group, 9 in the 9 H group, 11 in the 10 F group, and 6 in the 10 H group. No significant differences were observed in preoperative and 6-month postoperative intraocular pressure, number of glaucoma medications, or cumulative survival rate between groups. Postoperative hypotony occurred in 13 eyes (56.5%) in the NST group, one (2.78%) in the ST group (p = 0.00014). Post-intrastent removal, hypotony occurred in 6 eyes (16.7%) in the ST group. These findings suggest that intrastent placement effectively prevents postoperative hypotony, regardless of nylon suture diameter or insertion length; however, timing is crucial as hypotony may occur after removal.
Associations of inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities on brain MRI with cerebral small vessel disease, cognitive function, and depression symptoms
Authors: Dörner Marc , Pfister Malte , Tyndall Anthony , von Känel Roland , Neumann Katja , Schreiber Frank , Arndt Philipp , Fuchs Erelle , Garz Cornelia , Glanz Wenzel , Butryn Michaela , John Anna-Charlotte , Hildebrand Annkatrin , Euler Sebastian , Hofmann Andreas B. , Machetanz Lena , Kirchebner Johannes , Tacik Pawel , Grimm Alexander , Jansen Robin , Pawlitzki Marc , Henneicke Solveig , Perosa Valentina , Labeit Bendix , Düzel Emrah , Meuth Sven G. , Vielhaber Stefan , Mattern Hendrik , Bernal Jose , Schreiber Stefanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSH) observed on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI have been proposed as indicators of elevated cerebrospinal fluid waste accumulation in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). However, to validate IFSH as a reliable imaging biomarker, further replication studies are required. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between IFSH and CSVD, and their potential repercussions, i.e., cognitive impairment and depression. We prospectively recruited 47 patients with CSVD and 29 cognitively normal controls (NC). IFSH were rated visually based on FLAIR MRI. Using different regression models, we explored the relationship between IFSH, group status (CSVD vs. NC), CSVD severity assessed with MRI, cognitive function, and symptoms of depression. Patients with CSVD were more likely to have higher IFSH scores compared to NC (OR 5.64, 95% CI 1.91–16.60), and greater CSVD severity on MRI predicted more severe IFSH (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.14–1.88). Higher IFSH scores were associated with lower cognitive function (-0.96, 95% CI -1.81 to -0.10), and higher levels of depression (0.33, 95% CI 0.01–0.65). CSVD and IFSH may be tightly linked to each other, and the accumulation of waste products, indicated by IFSH, could have detrimental effects on cognitive function and symptoms of depression.
Robust multi‐objective optimisation of an axial‐radial flux hybrid excitation permanent magnet synchronous motors based on improved sequential Taguchi method
Authors: Xu Naixi , Li Ning , Sun Xiaodong , Wang Yong , Wan Bingkuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel axial‐radial flux hybrid excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor (ARFHE‐PMSM), which has better space utilisation and torque density than traditional radial flux PMSM (RFPMM) and axial flux PMSM (AFPMSM). Due to the complex mechanical structure of ARFHE‐PMSM, the computation burden is higher and larger than RFPMM and AFPMSM. Therefore, the sequential Taguchi optimisation method is proposed to improve the performance of ARFHE‐PMSM and reduce computation burden. The torque, torque ripple, core loss and permanent magnet volume of ARFHE‐PMSM are optimisation targets. In the optimisation process, the design parameters are divided into non‐sensitive and sensitive parameters based on the sensitivity analysis results. The non‐sensitive parameters are first optimised through the finite element model and then the sensitive parameters are optimised. The motor's manufacturing errors are considered in the optimisation process, and the Gaussian membership function and characteristic index are utilised to transform the multi‐objective optimisation problem into a single‐objective optimisation problem. The iterative Taguchi method narrows the optimisation scope until the convergence conditions are met. The optimal combination of different design parameters of the motor is obtained by analysing the experimental results. Compared with the initial design, the electromagnetic performance and robustness of the ARFHE‐PMSM have been significantly increased.
SpaGraphCCI: Spatial cell–cell communication inference through GAT‐based co‐convolutional feature integration
Authors: Zhang Han , Cui Ting , Xu Xiaoqiang , Sui Guangyu , Fang Qiaoli , Yang Guanghao , Gong Yizhen , Yang Sanqiao , Lv Yufei , Shang Desi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSpatially resolved transcriptomics technologies potentially provide the extra spatial position information and tissue image to better infer spatial cell–cell interactions (CCIs) in processes such as tissue homeostasis, development, and disease progression. However, methods for effectively integrating spatial multimodal data to infer CCIs are still lacking. Here, the authors propose a deep learning method for integrating features through co‐convolution, called SpaGraphCCI, to effectively integrate data from different modalities of SRT by projecting gene expression and image feature into a low‐dimensional space. SpaGraphCCI can achieve significant performance on datasets from multiple platforms including single‐cell resolution datasets (AUC reaches 0.860–0.907) and spot resolution datasets (AUC ranges from 0.880 to 0.965). SpaGraphCCI shows better performance by comparing with the existing deep learning‐based spatial cell communication inference methods. SpaGraphCCI is robust to high noise and can effectively improve the inference of CCIs. We test on a human breast cancer dataset and show that SpaGraphCCI can not only identify proximal cell communication but also infer new distal interactions. In summary, SpaGraphCCI provides a practical tool that enables researchers to decipher spatially resolved cell–cell communication based on spatial transcriptome data.