bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and initial validation of a family activation measure for acute care
Authors: Hallot Sophie , Debay Vanessa , Foster Nadine , Burns Karen E. A. , Goldfarb Michael 
Published: January 2024

Background
Activation of a family member refers to their desire, knowledge, confidence, and skills that can inform engagement in healthcare. Family activation combined with opportunity can lead to engagement in care. No tool currently exists to measure family activation in acute care. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a tool to measure family activation in acute care.

Methods
An interdisciplinary team of content experts developed the FAMily Activation Measure (FAM-Activate) through an iterative process. The FAM-Activate tool is a 4-item questionnaire with 5 Likert-type response options (ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree). Scale scores are converted to a 0–100 point scoring range so that higher FAM-Activate scores indicate increased family activation. An overall FAM-Activate score (range 0–100) is calculated by adding the scores for each item and dividing by 4. We conducted reliability and predictive validity assessments to validate the instrument by administering the FAM-Activate tool to family members of patients in an acute cardiac unit at a tertiary care hospital. We obtained preliminary estimates of family engagement and satisfaction with care.

Results
We surveyed 124 family participants (age 54.1±14.4; 73% women; 34% non-white). Participants were predominantly the adult child (38%) or spouse/partner (36%) of patients. The mean FAM-Activate score during hospitalization was 84.1±16.1. FAM-Activate had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = 0.74) and showed test-retest responsiveness. FAM-Activate was moderately correlated with engagement behavior (Pearson’s correlation r = 0.47, P <0.0001). The FAM-Activate score was an independent predictor of family satisfaction, after adjusting for age, gender, relationship, and living status.

Conclusion
The FAM-Activate tool was reliable and had predictive validity in the acute cardiac population. Further research is needed to explore whether improving family activation can lead to improved family engagement in care.
A novel assay to measure low-density lipoproteins binding to proteoglycans
Authors: Geh Esmond N. , Swertfeger Debi K. , Sexmith Hannah , Heink Anna , Tarapore Pheruza , Melchior John T. , Davidson W. Sean , Shah Amy Sanghavi 
Published: January 2024

Background
The binding of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to proteoglycans (PGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the arterial intima is a key initial step in the development of atherosclerosis. Although many techniques have been developed to assess this binding, most of the methods are labor-intensive and technically challenging to standardize across research laboratories. Thus, sensitive, and reproducible assay to detect LDL binding to PGs is needed to screen clinical populations for atherosclerosis risk.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative, and reproducible assay to evaluate the affinity of LDL towards PGs and to replicate previously published results on LDL-PG binding.

Methods
Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed to visualize the binding of LDL to PGs using mouse vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells. An in-cell ELISA (ICE) was also developed and optimized to quantitatively measure LDL-PG binding using fixed MOVAS cells cultured in a 96-well format.

Results
We used the ICE assay to show that, despite equal APOB concentrations, LDL isolated from adults with cardiovascular disease bound to PG to a greater extent than LDL isolated from adults without cardiovascular disease (p<0.05).

Conclusion
We have developed an LDL-PG binding assay that is capable of detecting differences in PG binding affinities despite equal APOB concentrations. Future work will focus on candidate apolipoproteins that enhance or diminish this interaction.
Timing and duration of dog walking and dog owner’s chronotype in relation to incident depression risk among middle to older-aged female nurses
Authors: Żebrowska Magdalena , Strohmaier Susanne , Westgarth Carri , Huttenhower Curtis , Eliassen Heather A. , Haghayegh Shahab , Huang Tianyi , Laden Francine , Hart Jaime , Rosner Bernard , Kawachi Ichiro , Chavarro Jorge E. , Okereke Olivia I. , Schernhammer Eva S. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundWe examined associations between dog ownership, morning dog walking and its timing and duration, and depression risk in female nurses, exploring effect modification by chronotype. We hypothesized that dog ownership and morning walking with the dog are associated with lower odds of depression, and that the latter is particularly beneficial for evening chronotypes by helping them to synchronize their biological clock with the solar system.Methods26,169 depression-free US women aged 53–72 from the Nurses’ Health Study 2 (NHS2) were prospectively followed from 2017–2019. We used age- and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for depression according to dog ownership, and morning dog walking, duration, and timing.ResultsOverall, there was no association between owning a dog (ORvs_no_pets= 1.12, 95%CI = 0.91–1.37), morning dog walking (ORvs_not= 0.87, 95%CI = 0.64–1.18), or the duration (OR>30min vs. ≤15mins= 0.68, 95%CI = 0.35–1.29) or timing of morning dog walks (ORafter9am vs. before7am= 1.06, 95%CI = 0.54–2.05) and depression. Chronotype of dog owners appeared to modify these associations. Compared to women of the same chronotype but without pets, dog owners with evening chronotypes had a significantly increased odds of depression (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.12–2.29), whereas morning chronotypes did not (OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.71–1.23). Further, our data suggested that evening chronotypes benefited more from walking their dog themselves in the morning (OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.46–1.23, Pintx= 0.064;) than morning chronotypes.ConclusionsOverall, dog ownership was not associated with depression risk though it was increased among evening chronotypes. Walking their dog in the morning might help evening chronotypes to lower their odds of depression, though more data are needed to confirm this finding.
Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Studies, Biological Investigation and Molecular Modelling of Novel 1-(5-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)- 3-amino-2-cyano-N-phenyl-1H-benzo[f]chromene-5-carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Patel Rajat , Sharma Puja , Koshti Rohit R. , Vyas Akshay , Sangani Chetan B. 
Published: January 2024

In this work, a new series of imidazole-pyrazole-benzo[f]chromene hybrids were designed and synthesized by a base-catalyzed cyclo-condensation through a one-pot multicomponent reaction. All compounds were tested for in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Enzyme inhibitory activities of all compounds were carried out against FabH and EGFR. The majority of synthesized compounds displayed promising antimicrobial as well as anticancer activity against used strains and cancer cell lines respectively. The compounds were also tested for in vitro anticancer activities against two cancer cell lines A549 and Hep G2. Compound 7f (IC50 = 0.62 µM) against EGFR and (IC50 = 1.31 µM) against A549 kinase displayed the most potent inhibitory activity as compared to another member of the series. In the molecular modelling study, compound 7e was bound into the active pocket of EGFR with one pi-pi interaction and one hydrogen bond having minimum binding energy ∆Gb = −7.6894 kcal/mol. Moreover, FabH molecule 7d was found to be binding in the active pocket with a minimum binding energy of −8.9117 kcal/mol.
The Spigelman Staging System and the Risk of Duodenal and Papillary Cancer in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mannucci Alessandro , Puzzono Marta , Goel Ajay , Möslein Gabriela , Balafas Spyros , Di Serio Mariaclelia Stefania , Cavestro Giulia Martina 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Individuals with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) have an almost 20% lifetime risk of duodenal adenocarcinoma, currently the leading cause of death in FAP. The Spigelman staging system provides guidance on the surveillance intervals and timing of prophylactic surgery. Still, its accuracy in predicting duodenal and papillary cancer development has not been systematically evaluated. We investigated the sensitivity and cancer risk of the Spigelman stages.

METHODS:
We performed a systematic review on PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane and used a random-effects model to pool effect sizes.

RESULTS:
After removing duplicate entries, we screened 1,170 records and included 27 studies for quantitative analysis. Once duodenal polyposis reaches Spigelman stage IV, the risk of duodenal and papillary cancers increased to 25% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12%–45%). However, the sensitivity of Spigelman stage IV for these cancers was low (51%, 95% CI 42%–60%), especially for papillary adenocarcinoma (39%, 95% CI 16%–68%). We investigated the reasons behind these low values and observed that duodenal cancer risk factors included polyps >10 mm, polyp count >20, and polyps with high-grade dysplasia. Risk factors associated with papillary cancer included a papilla with high-grade dysplasia or >10 mm. The evidence on other risk factors was inconclusive.

DISCUSSION:
The current Spigelman staging system had a low sensitivity for duodenal and papillary adenocarcinomas. Two Spigelman variables (duodenal villous histology and polyp count) and the lack of papilla-specific variables likely contributed to the low sensitivity values for duodenal and papillary cancers, respectively. While clinicians may be familiar with its current form, there is an urgent need to update it.
Effect of Population Density and Urban Intensity on Building Typology in South Krembangan Area
Authors: Puspita Cindy , Dharmatanna Stephanus Wirawan 
Published: January 2024

Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia and is part of East Java. Surabaya has a strategic location and was utilized by the Dutch Colonial Government as one of the main ports. The Kalimas River served as the trading artery of Surabaya. Surabaya was broadly divided into three dominant areas: the European district, the Chinatown district, and the Arab district, all of which are delineated by the Kalimas River. Krembangan Selatan Village is of particular interest for research due to the presence of many colonial-style buildings and the shift from a historical trading area to a residential area. To understand the influence of population density and urban intensity on building typology, a qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted by observing building typology and the year of construction which helped in determining how population density and intensity affect building typology in the Krembangan Selatan area. Urban Intensity was assessed by calculating the building volume divided by 300. The highest intensity group consists of residential areas with buildings in a typical style of the 1960s. Density calculations were made by comparing the area to Semarang, as both areas were influenced by the Dutch colonial Government. This occurred because Semarang's Old Town area still maintains its urban tissue as a historical area dominated by public buildings, in contrast to Krembangan Selatan, which is dominated by service providers, educational facilities, and residential buildings.
Normalized solutions for the fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities
Authors: Deng Shengbing , Wu Qiaoran 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equation with combined nonlinearities

{

(

-
Δ

)

s

⁢
u

=

λ
⁢
u

+

μ
⁢

|
u
|

q
-
2

⁢
u

+

|
u
|

p
-
2

⁢
u

in
⁢

ℝ
N

,

∫

ℝ
N

u
2

⁢

𝑑
x

=

a
2

,

\displaystyle\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{}(-\Delta)^{s}u&%
\displaystyle=\lambda u+\mu\lvert u\rvert^{q-2}u+\lvert u\rvert^{p-2}u&&%
\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},\\
\displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}u^{2}\,dx&\displaystyle=a^{2},\end{aligned}\right.

where

0
<
s
<
1

{0<s<1}

,

N
>

2
⁢
s

{N>2s}

,

2
<
q
<
p
=

2
s
*

=

2
⁢
N

N
-

2
⁢
s

{2<q<p=2_{s}^{*}=\frac{2N}{N-2s}}

,

a
,
μ

>
0

{a,\mu>0}

and

λ
∈
ℝ

{\lambda\in\mathbb{R}}

is a Lagrange multiplier. Since the existence results for

p
<

2
s
*

{p<2_{s}^{*}}

have been proved, using an approximation method, that is, let

p
→

2
s
*

{p\rightarrow 2_{s}^{*}}

, we obtain several existence results. Moreover, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of solutions as

μ
→
0

{\mu\rightarrow 0}

and μ goes to its upper bound.
„Diamonds are a girl’s best friend?“ Diamanten, DeBeers und die Vermarktung von Brillantschmuck in den USA, 1939–1960
Authors: Rudolph Mona 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Heutzutage stellen Diamanten ein äußerst gefragtes Gut dar, allerdings entwickelten sich die Edelsteine erst im Laufe der Zeit zu dieser absatzstarken Ware. Von den 1890er Jahren bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg unterlag die Nachfrage nach den Steinen in den USA als weltweit größter Absatzmarkt erheblichen Schwankungen. Um die schwache US-amerikanische Nachfrage anzukurbeln, lancierte der Diamantenproduzent DeBeers zusammen mit der Werbefirma N. W. Ayer ab 1938 großangelegte und aufwändig gestaltete Werbekampagnen. Am Beispiel dieser Werbeanzeigen untersucht und rekonstruiert der Aufsatz die Vermarktung von Brillanten in den USA vom Zweiten Weltkrieg bis in die 1960er Jahre. An den Schnittstellen von Wirtschafts- und Kulturgeschichte angesiedelt, spürt die Untersuchung unter Berücksichtigung geschlechtergeschichtlicher Perspektivierungen den ökonomischen Interessen des DeBeers-Konzerns nach und fragt dabei immer wieder, wie sich die Wahrnehmung von Brillantschmuck im Laufe der Zeit wandelte. In den Werbeanzeigen richtete sich DeBeers zunächst vorrangig an unverheiratete Paare als Konsumenten, berücksichtigte bis in die 1960er Jahre jedoch eine zunehmend größer werdende Klientel. Dennoch achtete das Unternehmen sorgsam darauf, die Illusion des als rar und elitär geltenden Luxusguts zu bewahren und den Markt weiterhin zu regulieren. Letzteres fiel dem Konzern mit der Zeit immer schwerer, da permanent neue Produzenten auf den europäischen Diamantenmarkt drängten. Unter Zuhilfenahme wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Theoreme rückt der Aufsatz in diesem Zusammenhang auch in den Blick, wie Diamanten allmählich zu einem Massenprodukt wurden, ohne als solches wahrgenommen zu werden.
Thermodynamic modelling application for prediction of diffusion formation of supersaturation solution
Authors: Rodin Alexey , Mween Bright , Khvan Alexandra , Lepkova Tatiana , Goreslavetz Natali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper the effect of diffusion formation of supersaturated solid solution in the Al–Ge system is discussed. It was shown that at relatively low temperatures of diffusion annealing, Ge concentration in Al-based solid solution became higher than the solubility limit at given temperatures. The maximal concentration of Ge was determined by extrapolation of the diffusion profile on the Ge/Al interface. Analysis of diffusivity of Al in Ge allowed to suggest that slow diffusion in Ge restricts the formation of Ge-based solid solution. Qualitative approach confirmed this suggestion.
Modified linear sampling method for inverse scattering by a partially coated dielectric
Authors: Xiang Jianli , Yan Guozheng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Consider time-harmonic electromagnetic wave scattering by an infinitely long, cylindrical, orthotropic dielectric partially coated with a very thin layer of a highly conductive material, which can be modeled by a transmission problem with mixed boundary conditions. Having established the well-posedness of the direct and interior transmission problem by the variational method under certain conditions, we make use of the classical linear sampling method to reconstruct the shape of the obstacle. Then, based on a modification of the general data-to-pattern operator G, we propose a novel and simple method to justify the modified linear sampling method.
Subclinical cardiac impairments in fetuses conceived through assisted reproductive technology by speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Gao Yipeng , Deng Youbin , Huang Peina , Cheng Xueqing , Lu Ruirui , Fan Yating , Liu Hongyun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the changes of cardiac morphology and function in fetuses conceived through assisted reproductive technologies (ART) by speckle tracking echocardiography.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted in 101 spontaneously conceived (SC) fetuses and 99 ART-conceived ones. Fetal echocardiography was performed, fetal cardiac morphology and function were analyzed using two-dimensional speckle tracking software, including global sphericity index (GSI), global longitudinal strain (GLS), fractional area change (FAC) of the left and right ventricles, as well as segmental sphericity index (SI), end-diastolic diameter (ED), and fractional shortening (FS) in 24 segments.

Results
Compared to the SC fetuses, the ART-conceived fetuses exhibited decreased GSI (median [interquartile range], 1.22 [1.16–1.27] vs. 1.18 [1.11–1.24], p=0.007), decreased right ventricular GLS (24.9 [21.5–27.6] vs. 23.2 [20.4–26.8], p=0.026), and decreased right ventricular FAC (mean ± standard deviation, 39.7 ± 6.4 vs. 37.2 ± 7.1, p=0.003). Analysis of the 24 segments showed that ART-conceived fetuses had reduced SI in the apical segments of right ventricle and increased ED in several segments of the right ventricle.

Conclusions
Fetuses conceived through ART had a more spherical shape of the global heart and predominantly right-sided cardiac remodeling and systolic function impairment.
Power, Capacity, Disposition and Categorical Properties: A Roughly Aristotelian Proposal
Authors: Brook Angus 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a roughly Aristotelian account of powers ontology. In doing so, the paper uses the distinction found in Aristotle between four analogous senses of potency to explain causation and the existence-essence distinction in substances. On this basis, the paper offers some justification in support of the claims that powers and dispositions are the truth-makers of categorical properties and that categorical properties are ontologically dependent upon powers and dispositions.
Easy Ontology and Undecidable Sentences
Authors: Jafari Javid 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
According to Thomasson’s Easy Ontology, all existential questions have straightforward answers and are solvable by conceptual and empirical work. So there is no need for traditional metaphysics to solve them. First, I give some counterexamples to this thesis from incomplete and undecidable theories. Then I discuss some possible responses, I consider a wider sense of conceptual analysis and argue that even in this sense Easy ontology is not able to resolve the problem and must sacrifice either easiness or answerability. Finally, I will argue that although traditional metaphysics does not make the undecidable sentences answerable, it can still make sense of them and helps us to understand why there are unanswerable questions at all.
Effects of repeated replanting on yield, dry matter, starch, and protein content in different potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes
Authors: Mikó Péter Pál , Percze Atilla , Kovács Ágnes , Kende Zoltán 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This investigation scrutinized the yield, starch, and protein content of five distinct potato genotypes (Desiree, Borostyán, Piroska, Rubinka, and Rózsa) over 5 years of repetitive replanting. The experiment aimed to compare different potato genotypes and examine the yield reduction resulting from possible genetic deterioration over the years. The research took place in Zirc, Hungary’s temperate deciduous forest zone, at 450 m elevation from 2017 to 2021, on a 100 m2 plot. Potato dry matter was measured according to MSZ 6369-4:1987, and starch content followed MSZ 6830-18:1988 standards. Tubers’ total nitrogen was gauged using the Kjeldahl method, while crude protein analysis employed the Dumas method. Pure protein evaluation adhered to the trichloroacetic acid precipitation technique, all consistent with WBSE-131:2018. Observed variations in starch content revealed Borostyán as the genotype with the highest mean starch content (75.41%) and Desiree with the least (74.98%). Protein content also varied among the genotypes; Borostyán exhibited the highest average level (10.99%), while Desiree had the least (5.52%). The remaining genotypes, Piroska, Rubinka, and Rózsa, exhibited comparable mean protein levels between 8.15 and 8.82%. Findings also noted a positive correlation between yield and starch and protein content. However, certain genotypes demonstrated a negative correlation, highlighting the impact of genetic factors and management practices such as nitrogenous fertilization and crop rotation on these associations. Additionally, the findings suggest that not only the standard Desiree variety but also the Borostyán variety can be reliably recommended for use in potato research and breeding initiatives. Conclusively, this study provides insights valuable for potato breeding and selection programs and the potential development of high-protein potato products. Further investigation is recommended to elucidate the mechanisms and genetic determinants that impact these observed relationships.
Characterization of sandwich materials – Nomex-Aramid carbon fiber performances under mechanical loadings: Nonlinear FE and convergence studies
Authors: Naufal Andreal Muhammad , Prabowo Aditya Rio , Muttaqie Teguh , Hidayat Arif , Purwono Joko , Adiputra Ristiyanto , Akbar Hammar Ilham , Smaradhana Dharu Feby 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Composites are becoming materials of the future. Composite applications have become popular in the air as airframes in the aerospace industry to the deepest seas in the form of underwater pipes. A sandwich structure is a composite with cores with low-density material pinned by a stiff facing. In this article, the sandwich material used is a Nomex-Aramid honeycomb as the core and carbon fiber composite as the facing sandwich structure. The main goal of this study is to obtain the characteristics of the sandwich structure, Nomex-Aramid carbon fiber, and study the effect of core variation on the overall strength of the sandwich structure. Numerical simulation testing was carried out to determine the characteristics of the sandwich structure. The loadings carried out were mainly three-point bending, tensile, compression, and torsional tests. In addition, this study also compared the geometry of cores and several materials to study the effect of core properties on the overall strength of the materials. The authors used the finite element method with ABAQUS. A mesh convergence study was also conducted in this article. The results of the numerical simulation showed that the structure sandwich had a major drawback in the local strength caused by the size of the cells used. In addition, the geometric shape and type of the core material also affected the strength of the sandwich structure.
Special Issue Editorial: Platformisation of News and Interactions – Regional Contexts of Crisis in Trust
Authors: Alvares Claudia , Üzelgün Mehmet Ali 
Published: January 2024

This OBS* Special Issue has been organized within the remit of the EUMEPLAT research consortia, which is subordinate to the theme: European Media Platforms – Assessing Positive and Negative Externalities for European Culture.

The EUMEPLAT Project is funded by the Horizon 2020 SC6 – Europe in a changing world – Inclusive, innovative and reflective societies, and coordinated by Prof. Andrea Miconi (Libera Università di Lingue e Comunicazione – IULM, Italy).