bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renunciation and Gender Issues in the Sri Vaisnava Community
Authors: Narayanan Vasudha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My study will focus on the complex politics of gender, marriage, and renunciation in the Sri Vaisnava tradition of Hinduism. I focus on one community in Hinduism, because (1) no one is a generic Hindu: almost all Hindus identify themselves as a member of a particular sectarian community or social caste; and (2) the history of the Hindu tradition(s) spans about three millennia and the literature is vast. By focusing on one community, which includes members of all castes, and by drawing upon its literature and practices, it is possible to have a deeper understanding of the religious roles of women than by scanning materials from hundreds of communities written over several centuries. Specifically, I will examine two different events which the Sri Vaisnava community holds as paradigmatic and see how these are worked out in the salvific process of a human being.
The Politics of Piety: Response to the Three Preceding Papers
Authors: Bazell Dianne M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
However some of us enter into comparative enterprises, we cannot help but find such projects daunting on at least two levels. On the theoretical plane, one hopes to avoid being fooled by apparent similarities into making inappropriate associations and, as a result, imposing inappropriate hermeneutical categories onto the material at hand.1 On the practical side of things, comparative enterprises often necessitate discussion among participants of widely diverse areas of expertise, provoking either no response at all, or discussions that may on occasion appear to follow very different vectors. These considerations in mind, I will nevertheless endeavor to address, and to put into a larger and coherent framework, some of the issues raised by the previous speakers, who themselves come from such disparate fields, each removed from mine.
Flagellation and the French Counter-Reformation: Asceticism, Social Discipline, and the Evolution of a Penitential Culture
Authors: Ramsey Ann W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a revision of the trend in Counter-Reformation scholarship which regards sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Catholic reform through the lens of modernization and acculturation. I examine two major strands of the historiography dealing with modernization and acculturation to show how historians of the Catholic Reformation have overlooked the important reactivation of an older tradition of asceticism—flagellation and penitential piety—as the spiritual sources of the increased emphasis on social discipline in early modern Catholic piety. This misreading of Catholic spirituality in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is of general interest, because it has helped to maintain unwelcome residues of the Whig interpretation of history. We can see this, for example, in the persistence of notions of a steady progress, from the Renaissance onward, of rationalization and secularization, leading to the ultimate triumph of civil eudemonism in the eighteenth century.
Communion of Immigrants
Authors: Fisher James T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Catholicism has grown from a suppressed and persecuted outsiders' religion in the American colonies to become the nation's single largest denomination. James Fisher surveys more than four centuries of Catholics' involvement in American history, starting his narrative with one of the first Spanish expeditions to Florida, in 1528. He follows the transformation of Catholicism into one of America's most culturally and ethnically diverse religions, including the English Catholics' early settlement in Maryland, the Spanish missions to the Native Americans, the Irish and German poor who came in search of work and farmland, the proliferation of Polish and Italian communities, and the growing influx of Catholics from Latin America. The book discusses Catholic involvement in politics and conflict, from New York's Tammany Hall to the Vietnam War and abortion. Fisher highlights the critical role of women in American Catholicism--from St. Elizabeth Seton and Dorothy Day to Mother Cabrini, the first American citizen to be canonized a saint--and describes the influence of prominent American Catholics such as Cardinal John J. O'Connor, 1930s radio personality Father Charles Coughlin, President John F. Kennedy, pacifists Daniel and Philip Berrigan, activist Cesar Chavez, and author Flannery O'Connor.
A New Promised Land
Authors: Diner Hasia R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An excellent Afikoman gift for the teen or young adult at the seder... Diner...writes in a clear style that pulls together that diverse entity known as the American Jewish community.--The Chicago Jewish Star An engaging chronicle of Jewish life in the United States, A New Promised Land reconstructs the multifaceted background and very American adaptations of this religious group, from the arrival of twenty-three Jews in the New World in 1654, through the development of the Orthodox, conservative, and Reform movements, to the ordination of Sally Pries and as the first woman rabbi in the United States. Hasia Diner supplies fascinating details about Jewish religious traditions, holidays, and sacred texts. In addition, she relates the history of the Jewish religious, political, and intellectual institutions in the United States, and addresses some of the biggest issues facing Jewish Americans today, including their increasingly complex relationship with Israel.
Beyond The Random Walk
Authors: Singal Vijay 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an efficient market, all stocks should be valued at a price that is consistent with available information. But as financial expert Vijay Singal, Ph.D., CFA, points out, there are circumstances under which certain stocks sell at a price higher or lower than the right price. In Beyond the Random Walk, Singal discusses ten such anomalous prices and shows how investors might--or might not--be able to exploit these situations for profit. The author distills several decades of academic research into a focused discussion of market anomalies that is both accessible and useful to people with varied backgrounds. Past empirical evidence is supplemented with author’s own research using more recent data. Anomalies covered include the “December Effect,” “Momentum in Industry Stocks,” “S&P 500 Index Changes,” “Trading by Insiders,” and “Merger Arbitrage.” In each chapter, the author describes the particular anomaly, explains how it occurs, shows ways to take advantage of the anomaly, and highlights the risks involved. We learn, for example, that shares of stocks that have appreciated in recent months become scarce in late December, because investors wait until January before they sell (to postpone payment of taxes on profits). This scarcity drives the price up--the “December Effect”--and smart buyers can make the equivalent of 75% annual return on a five-day investment. Each chapter includes suggestions for further reading as well as tables and graphs that support the discussion. The book concludes with a preview of many other interesting anomalies and a section on how investor behavior might influence prices. Clearly written and informative, this well-researched volume is a must read for investors, traders, market specialists, and students of financial markets.
Introduction
Authors: Chen Gang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The major sources of inspiration for this book are the recent rapid advancements in microtechnology and nanotechnology. Microtechnology deals with devices and materials with characteristic lengths in the range of submicron to micron scales (0.1-100 µm), while nanotechnology generally covers the length scale from 1 to 100 nm. For example, integrated circuits are now built on transistors with characteristic device length scales around 100 nm. The semiconductor industry roadmap predicts that, in 2010, the characteristic length in integrated circuits will further shrink to 25 nm (SEMATECH, 2002). In the late 1980s, microelectronics fabrication technology began to impact mechanical engineering, and the field of microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS, blossomed (Trimmer, 1997). Meanwhile, nanoscience and nanotechnology, explored by a few pioneers (Feynman, 1959, 1983), are currently generating much excitement across all disciplines of science and engineering. The fields of micro- and nanotechnologies are enormous in breadth and cannot be covered completely in any single book. In this book, we focus on microscopic mechanisms behind energy transport, particularly thermal energy transport. As the device or structure characteristic length scales (such as the gate length in field-effect transistors, used to build computers, and the film thickness in coatings) become comparable to the mean free path and the wavelength of energy and information carriers (mainly electrons, photons, phonons, and molecules), some of the classical laws are no longer applicable. By examining the microscopic pictures underlying transport processes, we will develop a consistent framework for treating thermal energy transport phenomena from the nanoscale to the macroscale.
On the Road: Of Highways and Gasoline
Authors: Lienhard John H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Any massive infusion of new technology brings with it all kinds of unintended consequences. Certainly, no automobile maker was thinking about ending the impulse toward building titan cities. And the outward diffusion of urban life was only one of many effects brought on by the automobile. Beneath the obvious rearrangement of our dwellings ran a parallel reshaping of our metaphors, our language, and the very ways in which we thought about the world around us.
Massacre At Mountain Meadows
Authors: Walker Ronald W , Turley Richard E , Leonard Glen M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On September 11, 1857, a band of Mormon militia, under a flag of truce, lured unarmed members of a party of emigrants from their fortified encampment and, with their Paiute allies, killed them. More than 120 men, women, and children perished in the slaughter. Massacre at Mountain Meadows offers the most thoroughly researched account of the massacre ever written. Drawn from documents previously not available to scholars and a careful re-reading of traditional sources, this gripping narrative offers fascinating new insight into why Mormons settlers in isolated southern Utah deceived the emigrant party with a promise of safety and then killed the adults and all but seventeen of the youngest children. The book sheds light on factors contributing to the tragic event, including the war hysteria that overcame the Mormons after President James Buchanan dispatched federal troops to Utah Territory to put down a supposed rebellion, the suspicion and conflicts that polarized the perpetrators and victims, and the reminders of attacks on Mormons in earlier settlements in Missouri and Illinois. It also analyzes the influence of Brigham Young’s rhetoric and military strategy during the infamous “Utah War” and the role of local Mormon militia leaders in enticing Paiute Indians to join in the attack. Throughout the book, the authors paint finely drawn portraits of the key players in the drama, their backgrounds, personalities, and roles in the unfolding story of misunderstanding, misinformation, indecision, and personal vendettas. The Mountain Meadows Massacre stands as one of the darkest events in Mormon history. Neither a whitewash nor an exposé, Massacre at Mountain Meadows provides the clearest and most accurate account of a key event in American religious history.
Competitive Spirits
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
R. Andrew Chesnut shows how the development of religious pluralism over the past half-century has radically transformed the "spiritual economy" of Latin America. In order to thrive in this new religious economy, says Chesnut, Latin American spiritual "firms" must develop an attractive product and know how to market it to popular consumers. Three religious groups, he demonstrates, have proven to be the most skilled competitors in the new unregulated religious economy. Protestant Pentecostalism, the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, and African diaspora religions such as Brazilian Candomble and Haitian Vodou have emerged as the most profitable religious producers. Chesnut explores the general effects of a free market, such as introduction of consumer taste and product specialization, and shows how they have played out in the Latin American context. He notes, for example, that women make up the majority of the religious consumer market, and explores how the three groups have developed to satisfy women's tastes and preferences. Moving beyond the Pentecostal boom and the rise and fall of liberation theology, Chesnut provides a fascinating portrait of the Latin American religious landscape.
Writing Fighting War
Authors: Batstone William W , Damon Cynthia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cicero, discussing Caesar’s Gallic Warcommentaries in a work on rhetoric and Latin style, made the general comment, “They really must be thought excellent. For they are naked and lovely, with every oratorical ornament stripped away like clothing. For in history nothing is sweeter than a pure and clear brevity” (Brutus262). In the preceding chapters we have seen Caesar’s style at work constructing arguments and offering an interpretation of people and events that served Caesar’s needs. Here we concentrate on features of Caesar’s style that facilitate his presentation. We will see that in the Civil War, at least, the general impression Caesar gives of an unornamented plainness is effective in itself and also serves as a foil that allows his occasional ornaments to shine. Everywhere Caesar shows both his “mastery of easy, everyday language” and his sensitivity to the effects produced by variation.
Ultrasound Imaging Systems Design, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Cobbold Richard S C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is the second of two chapters concerned with imaging systems. Its purpose is to describe a number of important matters directly related to imaging and imaging systems and to discuss some of the special ways in which clinical imaging can be performed. It begins by looking at matters concerning system design, followed by an analysis of the process of image formation, and the formation and characteristics of image speckle. Methods are then discussed for using coded excitation schemes to increase the depth to which satisfactory images can be obtained, and this is followed by a discussion of synthetic aperture schemes. Imaging using either the nonlinear properties of the propagation medium or the properties of injected contrast media are important developments. Descriptions of ultrasound tomography, elastography, and microscopy lead to the final section of this chapter: methods for imaging from within body cavities and blood vessels.
Body and Soul
Authors: Wacquant Loöc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When French sociologist Loïc Wacquant signed up at a boxing gym in a black neighborhood of Chicago's South Side, he had never contemplated getting close to a ring, let alone climbing into it. Yet for three years he immersed himself among local fighters, amateur and professional. He learned the Sweet science of bruising, participating in all phases of the pugilist's strenuous preparation, from shadow-boxing drills to sparring to fighting in the Golden Gloves tournament. In this experimental ethnography of incandescent intensity, the scholar-turned-boxer supplies a model for a "carnal sociology" capable of capturing "the taste and ache of action." Body and Soul marries the analytic rigor of the sociologist with the stylistic grace of the novelist to offer a compelling portrait of a bodily craft and of life and labor in the black American ghetto, but also a fascinating tale of personal transformation and social transcendence. "Body and Soul is a gem, destined for a life of classics like Street Corner Society (though much fleshier and juicier and denser), studied over and over again as a pattern to follow, though defying the ability, imagination, and, indeed, humanity of the would-be followers. An act impossible to match. A poem in prose, a work of love and wisdom rolled into one: this is how ethnography should be written, were the ethnographers capable of writing like that." --Zygmunt Bauman, author of Liquid Modernity
Prologue
Authors: Wacquant Loöc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In August 1988, following a combination of chance circumstances, I enrolled in a boxing gym in a neighborhood of Chicago’s black ghetto. I had never practiced that sport or even considered trying it. Aside from the superficial notions and stereotyped images that everyone can gain of boxing through the media, movies, and literature, I had never had any contact with the pugilistic world. I thus found myself in the situation of the perfect novice.
The Street and the Ring
Authors: Wacquant Loöc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Just as one cannot understand what an instituted religion such as Catholicism is without studying in detail the structure and functioning of the organization that supports it, in this case the Roman Church, one cannot elucidate the meaning and roots of boxing in contemporary American society—at least in the lower regions of social space, where it continues to defy an extinction periodically announced as its imminent and inevitable fate—without canvassing the fabric of the social and symbolic relations woven in and around the training gym, the hub and hidden engine of the pugilistic universe.
Fight Night at Studio 104
Authors: Wacquant Loöc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Monday, 30 July 1990. Nervous wakeup at 8:30, the weather is cloudy. Let’s hope it doesn’t rain. A month’s worth of intensive preparation down the drain, that would really take the cake! The weigh-in is scheduled for 11 a.m. at the Illinois State Building in the heart of downtown, a stone’s throw from the Chicago River. I drive by to pick up DeeDee at his house as planned at 9:20 so we can head back to our base camp at the gym together. He’s in a very good mood: his catfish stew was succulent and the weather report says it’s going to clear up.
Migrants and Their Parents: Caregiving from a Distance
Authors: Baldock Cora Vellekoop 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My aim in this article is to report on a study of transnational migrants and their relationships with their elderly parents “back home.” The article is based on the assumption that these migrants make a contribution to the caregiving of their parents through letters, telephone calls, and return visits, which has not been acknowledged in the literature on aged care. My definition of caregiving incorporates both the practices and emotions of caring about—illustrated by frequency of contact, the sense of loss when apart, and the importance of visits—and the practices and emotions of caring for— through participation in decision making about issues of health and well-being and the actual hands-on caregiving during return visits.
Adolphus Washington Greely
Authors: WinChester Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Adolphus Washington Greely has been my personal American hero since I first discovered his remarkable life story, hidden away in a cabin trunk in his granddaughter’s summer cottage in North Conway, New Hampshire, in 1973. I hope that by including this Giant among these Invisibles I will bring him entirely out of the shadows and bring Adolphus Washington Greely due regard for being one of the more extraordinaryfi guresfr om recent American history that,for the past thirty years, I have steadfastly believed him to be.
William Halsted
Authors: Nuland Sherwin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Every time I or any other American surgeon perform an operation, our technique is guided by principles first elucidated by William Halsted. Over a period of about twenty-five years, he introduced an entirely new approach to surgery, characterized by meticulous attention to detail and a profound knowledge of human biology. Halsted’s work abolished the old smash-and-grab methods of his predecessors and taught generations of us that surgery i’s an aesthetic and intellectual undertaking. It is because of his teachings that I chose it as my life’s work.
Fannie Lou Harner
Authors: Steinem Gloria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fannie Lou Hamer was a civil rights leader from rural Mississippi who helped to change the face of electoral politics in this country. She is not recognized enough for that work, but she is recognized even less for her feminist work on behalf of all women. This may be because issues that affect only females are still taken less seriously than those, like racism, that also affect males; yet, as a black woman, she suffered from both forms of oppresswn.
MalcolmX
Authors: koch Ed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I never met Malcolm X, but I was aware of his many efforts to secure equality for blacks. Early on, his rhetoric was racist. But there came a time when he recognized that he could not espouse equality for blacks and continue making racist comments about whites when so many whites were part of the civil rights movement and working with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., to achieve justice for all Before he was brutally murdered, Malcolm X was on the verge of becoming a crossover national leader, very much as Rev. Jesse Jackson ultimately did.
Joseph Smith
Authors: Bloom Harold 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If one is not a Mormon believer, then Joseph Smiths success has to be attributed to his extraordinary human qualities. An autodidact and inspired personality, Smith emanated a human force and spiritual intensity that converted and kept loyal to him such extraordinary persons as Brigham Young and Parley Pratt. The mystery of his charisma was and is an enduring fact. Even his own people, he insisted, did not know him, and it is still difficult to apprehend how so much energy of being inhabited a single personality.
Greek Mythography in the Roman World
Authors: Cameron Alan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the Roman age the traditional stories of Greek myth had long since ceased to reflect popular culture. Mythology had become instead a central element in elite culture. If one did not know the stories one would not understand most of the allusions in the poets and orators, classics and contemporaries alike; nor would one be able to identify the scenes represented on the mosaic floors and wall paintings in your cultivated friends’ houses, or on the silverware on their tables at dinner. Mythology was no longer imbibed in the nursery; nor could it be simply picked up from the often oblique allusions in the classics. It had to be learned in school, as illustrated by the extraordinary amount of elementary mythological information in the many surviving ancient commentaries on the classics, notably Servius, who offers a mythical story for almost every person, place, and even plant Vergil mentions. Commentators used the classics as pegs on which to hang stories they thought their students should know. A surprisingly large number of mythographic treatises survive from the early empire, and many papyrus fragments from lost works prove that they were in common use. In addition, author Alan Cameron identifies a hitherto unrecognized type of aid to the reading of Greek and Latin classical and classicizing texts—what might be called mythographic companions to learned poets such as Aratus, Callimachus, Vergil, and Ovid, complete with source references. Much of this book is devoted to an analysis of the importance evidently attached to citing classical sources for mythical stories, the clearest proof that they were now a part of learned culture. So central were these source references that the more unscrupulous faked them, sometimes on the grand scale.