bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating Urban Heat Islands (UHI) Through Vegetation Restoration: Insights From Mining Communities
Authors: Yu Haoxuan , Zahidi Izni , Fai Chow Ming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVegetation restoration plays a critical role in mitigating urban heat island (UHI) effects and improving local climate conditions, particularly in mining‐affected areas. This study analyzes vegetation cover changes and their impact on UHI from 2000 to 2020 in three locations: Dexing City and Qibaoshan Township in China, and Dartford Ebbsfleet Garden City in the UK, using satellite imagery and remote sensing data. In Dexing City, the transition from open‐pit to underground mining, combined with reclamation efforts, maintained a stable fractional vegetation cover (FVC) of 0.88‐0.91, reducing the UHI area from 1216.86 km² in 2000 to under 1000 km² by 2020. Qibaoshan Township saw an increase in FVC from 0.88 in 2000 to over 0.92 by 2020, resulting in a 26% reduction in UHI area. Dartford achieved a temporary peak FVC of 0.71 in 2002 through urban greening initiatives. The findings show that increased vegetation cover significantly lowers surface temperatures through evapotranspiration, shading, and albedo modification, with heavily vegetated areas maintaining temperatures up to 3°C lower than adjacent mining sites. The study demonstrates the importance of integrating ecological restoration with sustainable urban planning.
Assessing Climate‐Change Impacts on Hydrological Processes and Blue–Green Water Dynamics Using Multi‐Model Ensembles Under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways in the Hanjiang River Basin, China
Authors: Li Haojie , Fu Zhenghui , Sun Wei , Dai Chao , Cai Yanpeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study offers a novel perspective by assessing the impacts of climate change on hydrological processes, with a specific focus on the spatial and temporal dynamics of blue and green water components in the Hanjiang River basin in southern China under various shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios. Twelve global climate models (GCMs) from the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (CMIP6) were downscaled using the delta change method, producing future climate scenarios for near (2031–2060) and far (2061–2090) future time windows under four SSP scenarios (i.e., SSP1‐2.6, SSP2‐4.5, SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5). These downscaled climate variables, along with the historical control period data, were used to drive the calibrated SWAT model. The model was then employed to analyse blue and green water characteristics and assess the potential changes in hydrological processes under future climate scenarios. The findings reveal that surface runoff constitutes the dominant component of blue water in the Hanjiang River basin. Moreover, the multi‐GCM ensemble mean predicts an increase in green water (evapotranspiration and soil water content) over the basin. For blue water, the ensemble mean suggests change patterns similar to those of precipitation, with decreases or slight increases expected in the northeastern part of the basin and larger increases in the southwestern part under most SSP scenarios. Compared to the historical control period, blue water is projected to experience the greatest increase (13.1%) in the southwestern part under SSP1‐2.6 and the largest decrease (8.8%) in the northeastern part under SSP3‐7.0, both in the far future. The findings have broad international relevance, as the methodology and insights can be applied to other regions worldwide facing similar challenges. This work contributes to a better understanding of hydrological processes in the context of global climate change and supports global efforts to enhance sustainable water resource management and climate resilience.
Experiences of cancer‐related stigma in Africa: A scoping review
Authors: Mwobobia Judith M. , Sardana Srishti , Abouelella Dina , Posani Suhana , Ledbetter Leila , Graton Margaret , Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba , Knettel Brandon A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCancer is a major health issue, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries where 70% of cancer deaths occur. Stigma and barriers to screening and treatment lead to poor outcomes. We conducted structured searches of PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and CABI Global Health databases according to PRISMA–ScR guidelines. Searches used keywords related to (1) Africa, (2) cancer, and (3) stigma. We then screened to finalize a list of research manuscripts, dissertations, theses, and conference abstracts using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods to explore cancer stigma in Africa. This review focused on non‐cervical cancers. Breast and cervical cancers have distinct stigma‐related experiences due to awareness, screening, and sociocultural perceptions. Including cervical cancer risks dilutes the specificity and depth of findings. The review included 53 studies that linked stigma and cancer in Africa to physical symptoms, appearance changes, misconceptions, and emotional challenges, hindering care and worsening treatment outcomes. Cancer‐related stigma negatively impacts screening and treatment engagement in Africa. The lack of intervention studies underscores the need for evidence‐based strategies to reduce stigma. Future efforts should reduce barriers to cancer care, enhance public awareness, and implement policy changes to improve outcomes.
Biological Coatings: Advanced Strategies Driving Multifunctionality and Clinical Potential in Dermal Substitutes
Authors: Wu Yixin , Ji Chao , Yan Zhenzhen , Fang Xiaowan , Wang Yuxiang , Ma Yicheng , Li Jingzhu , Jin Shunxin , Chen Hao , Ji Shizhao , Zheng Yongjun , Xiao Shichu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSkin tissue defects caused by various acute and chronic etiologies frequently occur in clinical medicine. Traditional surgical repair methods have certain limitations, while dermal substitutes combined with skin grafting have become an alternative to conventional surgery. Biological coatings, by loading bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and proteins, or by using bioactive substances as carriers, can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. This optimizes the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the substitutes, enhances their antibacterial properties, and improves their feasibility for clinical application. This paper explores various common biological coating materials and the construction methods used in the field of dermal substitutes. It highlights the importance and necessity of biological coatings in the development of multifunctional designs for dermal substitutes. By summarizing the current research, this paper aims to offer new insights and references for the multifunctional design and clinical application of dermal substitutes.
Complementary Reinnervation in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Mueller Andreas H. , Klinge Kathleen , Foerster Gerhard , Burk Fabian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo achieve glottal gap closure in unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) through complementary ansa cervicalis nerve muscle pedicle laryngeal reinnervation (ANMP‐LR).IntroductionANMP‐LR is easy to learn and does not require recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) transection.Materials and MethodsTwelve patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) were included, who received ANMP‐LR and could be followed up for at least 6–24 months. At baseline, after 3–6 (T1), 12 (T2) and 24 months (T3), Voice Handicap Index (VHI), perceived roughness (R) and breathiness (B), sound pressure level (SPLmax), maximum phonation time (MPT), Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI) and glottal gap (GG) were recorded.ResultsR and B were significantly reduced at T1, MPT and SPLmax increased significantly up to T1 (MPT to 15.8 s; SPLmax to 91.5 dB). Similarly, VHI dropped significantly and the residual glottal gap (GG) was significantly reduced between T0 and T1. All outcomes remained stable until T3. There was a non‐significant tendency to further improvement until T3 in SPLmax and GG.DiscussionThe T1–T3 outcomes of the complementary ANMP‐LR are comparable with the standard LR and also with thyroplasty. As with all LR techniques, younger patients and those with shorter paralysis benefit more. Patients with evidence of unfavorable laryngeal synkinesis are more likely to benefit from a standard LR with RLN transection.ConclusionsYounger patients with insufficient synkinetic reinnervation and persisting or progressive glottis closure insufficiency in UVFP benefit from early reinnervation. When the easy‐to‐learn ANMP technique is used, any partial rehabilitation that has already been achieved or any remaining chance of spontaneous reinnervation via the RLN is not compromised.Level of Evidence: 3
Identification and Validation of Biomarkers in Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatohepatitis Using Machine Learning and Bioinformatics
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Ying , Li Jin‐E , Zeng Hai‐Xia , Liu Shuang , Luo Yun‐Fei , Yu Peng , Liu Jian‐Ping 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe incidence of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is increasing annually. MASH can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the early diagnosis of MASH is challenging.AimTo screen prospective biomarkers for MASH and verify their effectiveness through in vitro and in vivo experiments.MethodsMicroarray datasets (GSE89632, GSE48452, and GSE63067) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between patients with MASH and healthy controls. Machine learning methods such as support vector machine recursive feature elimination and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were utilized to identify optimum feature genes (OFGs). OFGs were validated using the GSE66676 dataset. CIBERSORT was utilized to illustrate the variations in immune cell abundance between patients with MASH and healthy controls. The correlation between OFGs and immune cell populations was evaluated. The OFGs were validated at both transcriptional and protein levels.ResultsInitially, 37 DEGs were identified in patients with MASH compared with healthy controls. In the enrichment analysis, the DEGs were mainly related to inflammatory responses and immune signal‐related pathways. Subsequently, using machine learning algorithms, five genes (FMO1, PEG10, TP53I3, ME1, and TRHDE) were identified as OFGs. The candidate biomarkers were validated in the testing dataset and through experiments with animal and cell models. The malic enzyme (ME1) gene (HGNC:6983) expression was significantly upregulated in MASH samples compared to controls (0.4353 ± 0.2262 vs. −0.06968 ± 0.3222, p = 0.00076). Immune infiltration analysis revealed a negative correlation between ME1 expression and plasma cells (R = −0.77, p = 0.0033).ConclusionThis study found that ME1 plays a regulatory role in early MASH, which may affect disease progression by mediating plasma cells and T cells gamma delta to regulate immune microenvironment. This finding provides a new idea for the early diagnosis, monitoring and potential therapeutic intervention of MASH.
Development of High‐Performance HTPB and Cerium Oxide‐Based Polyurethane Composite Liners for Solid Rocket Motors
Authors: Tahir Naveed Ahmad , Zubir Syazana Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPolyurethanes based on hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) have been utilized as liners in solid rocket motors due to their compatibility with propellant systems and flexible mechanical properties. However, enhancing the liners' thermal stability and mechanical strength remains a significant challenge in extreme operational environments. This study focuses on the development of an advanced composite liner for solid rocket motors (SRMs) based on HTPB and cerium oxide (CeO₂) reinforced polyurethanes (PUs). The novel HTPB/CeO₂ polyurethane composite has been synthesized to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties essential for high‐performance SRMs. These composites were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), rheological analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), mechanical testing, x‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal conductivity measurements, and the limited oxygen index (LOI). With increasing CeO₂ content, the pot life decreased from 377 to 201 min. In contrast, thermal stability, as indicated by T₅%, improved from 321°C to 357°C. The inclusion of CeO₂ altered the amorphous nature of the PU composites, as confirmed by both DSC and XRD results. Additionally, tensile strength increased from 3.89 to 7.94 MPa, and elongation at break increased from 495% to 600% at a CeO₂ loading of 9% before decreasing to 362% at 12% loading. CeO₂ acted as a reinforcing agent and contributed to improving flame retardancy. These findings confirm the potential of the HTPB/CeO₂‐based composite liner to outperform traditional materials in terms of mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardancy.
Tobramycin Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Authors: Macatangay Nathaniel J. , Engdahl Samantha , Pettit Rebecca S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are commonly treated for pulmonary exacerbations with intravenous tobramycin, but data on tobramycin pharmacokinetics in PCD is lacking. The objective of this study was to compare tobramycin pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients with PCD to those with cystic fibrosis (CF).MethodsThis retrospective study included pediatric patients hospitalized for a pulmonary exacerbation between January 2018 and June 2023. Included patients were treated with systemic tobramycin and had two concentrations usable to calculate patient‐specific pharmacokinetics. Each patient with PCD was matched 1:2 to patients with CF based on age. The primary outcome was tobramycin elimination rate constant.ResultsSeven patients with PCD were matched to 14 patients with CF. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The final tobramycin dose was not significantly different between groups (9.3 vs. 11.8 mg/kg, p = 0.192). All doses were infused over 30 min every 24 h. Tobramycin elimination rate constant (0.510 vs. 0.493 h−1, p = 0.433) and volume of distribution (0.31 vs. 0.23 L/kg, p = 0.640) were not different between groups. No patient experienced acute kidney injury. Additionally, both groups experienced similar duration of tobramycin therapy (12.3 vs. 9.6 days, p = 0.184) and length of stay (12.0 vs. 12.6 days, p = 0.801).ConclusionsNo difference in tobramycin elimination rate constant was found between patients with PCD and those with CF. Clinical outcomes were not significantly different between groups. Although not statistically significant, a lower tobramycin dose was observed in patients with PCD.
Synthesis, antibacterial evaluation and preliminary mechanism study of novel isoquinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid derivatives containing an acylhydrazone disulfone moiety
Authors: Sun Shuaipeng , Fang Peiyao , Xu Zhiyuan , Zhang Jing , Feng Gang , Ding Haixin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDLimitations in the use and availability of copper‐based fungicides and antibiotics has led to a scarcity of bactericidal agents. It is urgent to develop green bactericides with new modes‐of‐action and effective chemotypes.RESULTSA bioactive substructure splicing approach was applied to optimize the structure of the natural product isoquinolin‐3‐carboxylic acid (IQ3CA). The structure–activity relationship analysis showed that the increase of sulfur atomic oxidation state and small groups on the sulfone will be beneficial for antibacterial activities. The difulone compound SF2 showed the most potent activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) and Acidovorax citrulli (Ac), with median lethal effective concentration values of 2.52, 2.62 and 1.12 μg mL−1, respectively, which were superior to those of IQ3CA and kasugamycin. The protective and curative effects of compound SF2 against Ac were 69.31% and 55.64%, respectively, which were better than those of thiodiazole copper (58.37% and 43.08%). Furthermore, preliminary mechanistic investigations indicated that compound SF2 could increase membrane permeability, reduce exopolysaccharide content, and inhibit both bacterial motility and biofilm formation.CONCLUSIONSA series of novel isoquinoline‐3‐acylhydrazone derivatives incorporating thioether/disulfone moieties were synthesized, and bioassay results showed compound SF2 demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity by disrupting bacterial membranes. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Repairing Lattice Defects by an Orienting Strategy in a Porous Crystal: Boosting Inverse C2H6/C2H4 Separation
Authors: Tang Jie , Wang Qian , Zhang Hujun , Huang Yuhang , Duan Jingui , Jin Wanqin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDefects are a common occurrence in various materials, making their repair a topic of widespread attention. However, the repair of atomic‐scale lattice defects in porous crystals presents a substantial challenge. Herein, the repair of a linker‐defective framework (NTU‐70D) is presented through an orienting strategy to obtain a perfect framework (NTU‐70P). Caused by steric hindrance from adjacent carboxylates of isonicotinic acid (INA), the lattice linker defect in NTU‐70D is repaired by formic acid‐assistant (pushed to the opposite direction by steric hindrance) installation of additional INAs in a defined direction, an unprecedented example in PCP chemistry. The resulting NTU‐70P exhibits regular and smooth nano‐channels that are adorned with more OINA sites, leading to a significant increase in C2H6 uptake (51.0 to 90.2 cm3 g−1) and C2H6/C2H4 selectivity (1.6 to 2.5), as evidenced by modeling calculations and in situ IR analysis. Furthermore, it demonstrates a notable ability to produce poly‐grade C2H4 (with a record value of 46.4 mL g−1) from C2H6‐containing mixtures. This work presents the first example of repaired porous crystals for boosted inverse C2H6/C2H4 separation, and the insights gained into the lattice repair offer avenues for the development of rich defective systems in practical applications.
Copernicus Services and Geohazards Management. Lessons Learnt from Citizens’ Observatories
Authors: Montoya-Montes Isabel , Quental Lídia , Galindo Inés , Holohan Eoghan P. , Jaud Marion , Parker Kieran , Rodrigues Domingos , Gonçalves Pedro , Sánchez Nieves , García Inmaculada , Le Dantec Nicolas , Lemon Kirstin , Ramalho Elsa , Machado Susana , Le Berre Iwan , Gouveia Fatima P. , Pinto Claudia , Béjar-Pizarro Marta , Herrera Gerardo , Gomes Rui Carrilho 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the AGEO Project focused on the assessment and management of geohazards, particular attention was paid to Copernicus EMS, as it supports all phases of the emergency management cycle: preparedness, prevention, disaster risk reduction, emergency response and recovery. The uptake of the Copernicus EMS in the EU Atlantic Region from 2012–2022 is reviewed. Surveys undertaken during the AGEO project highlighting the perception and awareness of stakeholders, as well as their suggestions for improvements or new requirements, are summarised. Uptake of Copernicus and Earth Observation (EO) products in the frame of the citizen observatories on geohazards is also addressed. Finally, strategic recommendations for strengthening the use of Copernicus products and services, and for new Copernicus products for the Atlantic Region are given.
Introduction: Experiences of Health Risks
Authors: Burton-Jeangros Claudine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The idea of risk, which asserts that nothing happens by chance, has profoundly impacted society over the past decades. However, predictions tend to be challenged by unexpected situations and by the complexity of social processes surrounding actual experiences of vulnerability and danger. I propose to focus on experiences of health risks to better understand how people domesticate their personal vulnerability, including material, affective, symbolic, and interpersonal elements. I consider both how citizens and experts actually think, act, and interact around these experiences, across a range of health risks.
Conclusion: Health and Risk in Social Contexts
Authors: Burton-Jeangros Claudine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This general conclusion offers a synthesis of the main insights gained on the challenges people encounter when they navigate the uncertainty of modern life, most often formulated in terms of risk probabilities by institutions. Through the lens of the experiences of health risks, I have been interested in how they manage to handle health risks and uncertainty through the elaboration of symbolic meanings, combining risk evidence, experiential or embodied knowledge, emotional reactions, and moral judgments that together support their concrete actions. I emphasize the systems of relations that shape power dynamics around the prevention of health risks and contribute to health inequalities. I also discuss how the idea of risk is redefining relationships with individual and collective health.
Groupthink in Individual Decision-Making
Authors: Charles Aurelie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter provides an understanding of the relationship between this “gut feeling”, the inner sense of personal identity, and the identities attached to the social groups surrounding one’s life experience. It shows that social identities bring us closer or make us depart from the inner self in the way individuals make decisions (Sect. 1.2), act upon those decisions (Sect. 1.3) which eventually impact on the allocation of resources in human interactions (Sect. 1.4). Finally, it shows that the market economy and associated revealed preferences in market exchange are just the tip of the iceberg in the way group biases at the psychological level affect the process of resource allocation. Collective biases then aggregate at the macro-level in a non-systemic fashion whereby the aggregation of choices by individuals with multiple identities is unpredictable, unless dominant patterns of group behaviour can be identified and acted upon. Hence, the chapter ends by calling for a widening of the resource allocation spectrum from market to social interactions where the rule of legitimacy over access to resources refer to identity-based entitlement in exchange.
WATS up? What About Teacher Shortage? International Perspectives from Denmark, Germany, and Sweden
Authors: Boström Lena , Kreienbaum Maria Anna , Wüllner Sabrina , Andersen Frans , Bostedt Göran , Lindqvist Marcia Håkansson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article gives an insight into a research-based network with the intention to explore, explain and compare the state of the current situation of teacher shortage in Denmark, Germany and Sweden. The project is funded by a research grant for three years by the Swedish Research Council. The aim of the network is to share and transfer knowledge and insights, as well as to gain new international perspectives. A long-term goal is to expand the network. In this article, the current state of teacher shortage in the mentioned countries is described. Also, the research questions, the research process and methodological approach(es) of the first year as well as the first results are presented. All in all, teacher shortage is a multi-faceted and complex phenomenon. It is evident that more research has to be carried out to identify causes and measures on different levels and in different phases to highlight interdependencies.