bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirische Studie
Authors: Barton Daniel 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungMit der quasi-experimentellen Studie soll das beschriebene Unterrichtsprojekt wissenschaftlich begleitet und dessen Wirkung auf emotionale und motivationale Parameter sowie die Entwicklung der Mathematikleistung bei den ProjektteilnehmerInnen überprüft werden. In diesem Kapitel werden dazu zunächst die Forschungsfragen und entsprechende Hypothesen, welche sich aus den theoretischen Ausführungen der vorherigen Kapitel ableiten lassen, herausgestellt. Die umfassende empirische Begleitung des Projekts wird mithilfe von verschiedenen Datenerhebungsinstrumenten durchgeführt, welche anschließend beschrieben werden. Danach wird im Forschungsdesign der Aufbau der empirischen Studie erläutert. Darauf folgen die Beschreibung der Probandengruppe sowie der Auswertungsmethoden und abschließend werden die Ergebnisse der empirischen Erhebung dargestellt.
Bifidobacterial GH146 β-l-arabinofuranosidase for the removal of β1,3-l-arabinofuranosides on plant glycans
Authors: Fujita Kiyotaka , Tsunomachi Hanako , Lixia Pan , Maruyama Shun , Miyake Masayuki , Dakeshita Aimi , Kitahara Kanefumi , Tanaka Katsunori , Ito Yukishige , Ishiwata Akihiro , Fushinobu Shinya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
l-Arabinofuranosides with β-linkages are present in several plant molecules, such as arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), extensin, arabinan, and rhamnogalacturonan-II. We previously characterized a β-l-arabinofuranosidase from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum JCM 1217, Bll1HypBA1, which was found to belong to the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 127. This strain encodes two GH127 genes and two GH146 genes. In the present study, we characterized a GH146 β-l-arabinofuranosidase, Bll3HypBA1 (BLLJ_1848), which was found to constitute a gene cluster with AGP-degrading enzymes. This recombinant enzyme degraded AGPs and arabinan, which contain Araf-β1,3-Araf structures. In addition, the recombinant enzyme hydrolyzed oligosaccharides containing Araf-β1,3-Araf structures but not those containing Araf-β1,2-Araf and Araf-β1,5-Araf structures. The crystal structures of Bll3HypBA1 were determined at resolutions up to 1.7 Å. The monomeric structure of Bll3HypBA1 comprised a catalytic (α/α)6 barrel and two β-sandwich domains. A hairpin structure with two β-strands was observed in Bll3HypBA1, to extend from a β-sandwich domain and partially cover the active site. The active site contains a Zn2+ ion coordinated by Cys3-Glu and exhibits structural conservation of the GH127 cysteine glycosidase Bll1HypBA1. This is the first study to report on a β1,3-specific β-l-arabinofuranosidase.

Key points
• β1,3-l-Arabinofuranose residues are present in arabinogalactan proteins and arabinans as a terminal sugar.
• β-l-Arabinofuranosidases are widely present in intestinal bacteria.
• Bll3HypBA1 is the first enzyme characterized as a β1,3-linkage-specific β-l-arabinofuranosidase.
Lung Mean Dose Prediction in Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE): Superiority of [166Ho]-Scout Over [99mTc]MAA in a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wagemans Martijn E. H. M. , Braat Arthur J. A. T. , van Rooij Rob , Smits Maarten L. J. , Bruijnen Rutger C. G. , Prince Jip F. , Bol Guus M. , de Jong Hugo W. A. M. , Lam Marnix G. E. H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Radiation pneumonitis is a serious complication of radioembolization. In holmium-166 ([166Ho]) radioembolization, the lung mean dose (LMD) can be estimated (eLMD) using a scout dose with either technetium-99 m-macroaggregated albumin ([99mTc]MAA) or [166Ho]-microspheres. The accuracy of eLMD based on [99mTc]MAA (eLMDMAA) was compared to eLMD based on [166Ho]-scout dose (eLMDHo-scout) in two prospective clinical studies.

Materials and Methods
Patients were included if they received both scout doses ([99mTc]MAA and [166Ho]-scout), had a posttreatment [166Ho]-SPECT/CT (gold standard) and were scanned on the same hybrid SPECT/CT system. The correlation between eLMDMAA/eLMDHo-scout and LMDHo-treatment was assessed by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze paired data.

Results
Thirty-seven patients with unresectable liver metastases were included. During follow-up, none developed symptoms of radiation pneumonitis. Median eLMDMAA (1.53 Gy, range 0.09–21.33 Gy) was significantly higher than median LMDHo-treatment (0.00 Gy, range 0.00–1.20 Gy; p < 0.01). Median eLMDHo-scout (median 0.00 Gy, range 0.00–1.21 Gy) was not significantly different compared to LMDHo-treatment (p > 0.05). In all cases, eLMDMAA was higher than LMDHo-treatment (p < 0.01). While a significant correlation was found between eLMDHo-scout and LMDHo-treatment (r = 0.43, p < 0.01), there was no correlation between eLMDMAA and LMDHo-treatment (r = 0.02, p = 0.90).

Conclusion
[166Ho]-scout dose is superior in predicting LMD over [99mTc]MAA, in [166Ho]-radioembolization. Consequently, [166Ho]-scout may limit unnecessary patient exclusions and avoid unnecessary therapeutic activity reductions in patients eligible for radioembolization.
Trail registration: NCT01031784, registered December 2009. NCT01612325, registered June 2012.

Graphical Abstract
Drug-Coated Balloons for Treatment of Internal Carotid Artery Restenosis After Stenting: A Single-Center Mid-Term Outcome Study
Authors: Hajiyev Kamran , Henkes Hans , Khanafer Ali , Bücke Philipp , Hennersdorf Florian , Bäzner Hansjörg , von Gottberg Philipp 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Endovascular and surgical treatments of stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) are common procedures, yet both introduce a risk of restenosis due to endothelial hyperplasia. Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) are designed to decrease neointimal hyperplasia, however rarely used in the neurovascular setting. This study retrospectively analyzes mid-term results of DCB-treated in-stent restenosis (ISR) of the ICA.

Materials and Methods
The medical history, comorbidities, and periprocedural data of patients receiving DCB treatment for > 50% ISR of the ICA after carotid artery stenting were analyzed. Follow-up after DCB treatment was performed with Doppler ultrasound. Suspicious cases were checked with CT- or MR-angiography and—if there was agreement between the modalities—validated with digital subtraction angiography. Potential risk factors for restenosis and differences in outcomes after PTA with three types of DCB balloons were evaluated.

Results
DCB treatment was performed in 109 cases, 0.9% of which involved in-hospital major stroke; no minor strokes occurred. A total of 17 patients (15.6%) had recurrent ISR after DCB treatment, after a mean time of 30.2 months (7–85 months). Tobacco use was significantly associated with a higher incidence of recurrent ISR.

Conclusion
DCB angioplasty for ISR is an effective treatment that may delay and decrease restenosis. Treating comorbidities and adopting lifestyle changes may additionally help prevent ISR.

Graphical Abstract
Multipermutations and Stirling Multipermutations
Authors: Brualdi Richard A. , Dahl Geir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe consider multipermutations and a certain partial order, the weak Bruhat order, on this set. This generalizes the Bruhat order for permutations, and is defined in terms of containment of inversions. Different characterizations of this order are given. We also study special multipermutations called Stirling multipermutations and their properties.
Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea after treatment for advanced T-stage head and neck cancer
Authors: Karsten R. T. , Rijken J. A. , Toprak I. , Kant E. , de Bree R. , Smeele L. E. , van den Brekel M. W. M. , de Vries N. , Ravesloot M. J. L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC) may lead to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but conclusive results on the prevalence of OSA are lacking. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of OSA in a cohort of patients treated for advanced T-stage HNC.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary cancer care centers including patients at least 1 year after treatment with curative intent with surgery and/or (chemo)radiotherapy ((C)RT) for advanced T-staged (T3-4) cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. A polysomnography (PSG) was performed in all participants. OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of 15 events/h or higher or an AHI of 5 events/h and higher with OSA related symptoms, such as sleeping problems, daytime dysfunction and/or cardiac/metabolic comorbidities collected through file review and questionnaires.

Results
Of the 67 participants, 48 (72%, 95% CI 59–82%) were diagnosed with OSA. Possible risk factors are male gender, higher BMI, greater neck circumference, more nicotine pack years, cardiometabolic comorbidities, use of medication with sleepiness as side effect, present tonsils, lower T-stage (T3 vs. T4 stage), higher AJCC stage and a HPV-negative tumor.

Conclusion
In this population of advanced T-stage HNC patients, the prevalence of OSA was 72%, which is considerably higher than in the general population (2–50%). Given the high prevalence, screening of this entire subgroup for OSA may be indicated. Future studies to identify high risk factors and develop an OSA screening protocol are needed.
MILSDeM: Guiding immersive learning system development and taxonomy evaluation
Authors: Mat Sanusi Khaleel Asyraaf , Majonica Daniel , Iren Deniz , Fanchamps Nardie , Klemke Roland 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeveloping immersive learning systems is challenging due to their multidisciplinary nature, involving game design, pedagogical modelling, computer science, and the application domain. The diversity of technologies, practices, and interventions makes it hard to explore solutions systematically. A new methodology called Multimodal Immersive Learning Systems Design Methodology (MILSDeM) is introduced to address these challenges. It includes a unified taxonomy, key performance indicators, and an iterative development process to foster innovation and creativity while enabling reusability and organisational learning. This article further reports on applying design-based research to design and develop MILSDeM. It also discusses the application of MILSDeM through its implementation in a real-life project conducted by the research team, which included four initiatives and eight prototypes. Moreover, the article introduces a unified taxonomy and reports on the qualitative analysis conducted to assess its components by experts from different domains.
Settlement growth and military conflict in early colonial New England 1620–1700
Authors: Wilhelm Eric H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProperty rights are secure, and violence over land can be attenuated when the treatment and delineation of the property are consistent, stable, and interpreted similarly by each party. In the absence of a mutual understanding of property rights, land-use stability becomes strained as the area of contested land between two rival parties expands—when one party (or group) is perceived as asymmetrically and rapidly accumulating land at another’s expense. While relations between Algonquian tribes and English settlers were generally peaceful in the first half of the 17th century, subsequent colonial growth accelerated and lead to violent conflict. The latter half of the 17th century experienced some of the most devastating conflicts during early colonial American development—beginning with Pequot’s War, peaking during King Philip’s War, and ending with a European proxy war in North America during King William’s War. Using probate data for 72 settlements in New England to measure the growth of farmers as a proxy for colonial territorial growth, I find a general pattern that English settlements with higher rates of population and territorial growth experienced more violent conflict during King Philip’s War. The same relationship between territorial growth and violent conflict was not as strong for wars that preceded and succeeded King Philip’s War.
The Fakeability of Personality Measurement with Graded Paired Comparisons
Authors: Schulte Niklas , Kaup Lucas , Bürkner Paul-Christian , Holling Heinz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study compares the faking resistance of Likert scales and graded paired comparisons (GPCs) analyzed with Thurstonian IRT models. We analyzed whether GPCs are more resistant to faking than Likert scales by exhibiting lower score inflation and better recovery of applicants’ true (i.e., honest) trait scores. A total of $$N=573$$

N
=
573

participants completed either the Likert or GPC version of a personality questionnaire first honestly and then in an applicant scenario. Results show that participants were able to increase their scores in both the Likert and GPC format, though their score inflation was smaller in the GPC than the Likert format. However, GPCs did not exhibit higher honest–faking correlations than Likert scales; under certain conditions, we even observed negative associations. These results challenge mean score inflation as the dominant paradigm for judging the utility of forced-choice questionnaires in high-stakes situations. Even if forced-choice factor scores are less inflated, their ability to recover true trait standings in high-stakes situations might be lower compared with Likert scales. Moreover, in the GPC format, faking effects correlated almost perfectly with the social desirability differences of the corresponding statements, highlighting the importance of matching statements equal in social desirability when constructing forced-choice questionnaires.
Degrees of vulnerability to poverty: a low-income dynamics approach for Chile
Authors: Prieto Joaquín 
Published: February 2024

AbstractI propose an empirical framework to identify different degrees of vulnerability to poverty using two vulnerability lines that classify currently non-poor people into risk groups: high, moderate and low risk of falling into poverty in the next period. The latter corresponds to the income secure middle class. My approach makes two contributions. First, it extends recent research that defines the middle class using a vulnerability threshold by introducing a new subdivision of the vulnerable group that would be useful in practice for public policy objectives. Second, it uses two models to predict both the probability of entering poverty and household income as part of the estimation procedures. The former controls for initial conditions effects and attrition bias, and the latter addresses the retransformation problem. I apply my approach to Chile using longitudinal data from the P-CASEN 2006–2009. The resulting vulnerability cut-offs (using the upper-middle-income country poverty line) are $20.0 per person per day for the low vulnerability line and $9.9 pppd for the high vulnerability line (both in 2011 PPP). My vulnerability lines differ significantly from those estimated in previous research on vulnerability and the middle class in Latin America. I argue that previous research has underestimated the size of the population at risk of falling into poverty and overestimated the growth of the middle class. Misclassifying the vulnerable as middle class limits their access to anti-poverty policies.
Emerging roles for the ADAMTS-like family of matricellular proteins in cardiovascular disease through regulation of the extracellular microenvironment
Authors: Rypdal Karoline Bjarnesdatter , Apte Suneel S. , Lunde Ida G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs widely across cardiovascular pathologies. Recent work has revealed important roles for the «a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin-type 1 motifs like” (ADAMTSL) family of secreted glycoproteins in cardiovascular tissues during development and disease. Key insights in this regard have come from naturally occurring gene mutations in humans and animals that result in severe diseases with cardiovascular manifestations or aortopathies. Expression of ADAMTSL genes is greatly increased in the myocardium during heart failure. Genetically modified mice recapitulate phenotypes of patients with ADAMTSL mutations and demonstrate important functions in the ECM. The novel functions thus disclosed are intriguing because, while these proteins are neither structural, nor proteases like the related ADAMTS proteases, they appear to act as regulatory, i.e., matricellular proteins. Evidence from genetic variants, genetically engineered mouse mutants, and in vitro investigations have revealed regulatory functions of ADAMTSLs related to fibrillin microfibrils and growth factor signaling. Interestingly, the ability to regulate transforming growth factor (TGF)β signaling may be a shared characteristic of some ADAMTSLs. TGFβ signaling is important in cardiovascular development, health and disease and a central driver of ECM remodeling and cardiac fibrosis. New strategies to target dysregulated TGFβ signaling are warranted in aortopathies and cardiac fibrosis. With their emerging roles in cardiovascular tissues, the ADAMTSL proteins may provide causative genes, diagnostic biomarkers and novel treatment targets in cardiovascular disease. Here, we discuss the relevance of ADAMTSLs to cardiovascular medicine.
Treatment outcome of IDH1/2 wildtype CNS WHO grade 4 glioma histologically diagnosed as WHO grade II or III astrocytomas
Authors: Keric Naureen , Krenzlin Harald , Kalasauskas Darius , Freyschlag Christian F. , Schnell Oliver , Misch Martin , von der Brelie Christian , Gempt Jens , Krigers Aleksandrs , Wagner Arthur , Lange Felipa , Mielke Dorothee , Sommer Clemens , Brockmann Marc A. , Meyer Bernhard , Rohde Veit , Vajkoczy Peter , Beck Jürgen , Thomé Claudius , Ringel Florian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1/2 wildtype (wt) astrocytomas formerly classified as WHO grade II or III have significantly shorter PFS and OS than IDH mutated WHO grade 2 and 3 gliomas leading to a classification as CNS WHO grade 4. It is the aim of this study to evaluate differences in the treatment-related clinical course of these tumors as they are largely unknown.

Methods
Patients undergoing surgery (between 2016–2019 in six neurosurgical departments) for a histologically diagnosed WHO grade 2–3 IDH1/2-wt astrocytoma were retrospectively reviewed to assess progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and prognostic factors.

Results
This multi-center study included 157 patients (mean age 58 years (20–87 years); with 36.9% females). The predominant histology was anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade 3 (78.3%), followed by diffuse astrocytoma WHO grade 2 (21.7%). Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 37.6%, subtotal resection (STR) in 28.7%, and biopsy was performed in 33.8%. The median PFS (12.5 months) and OS (27.0 months) did not differ between WHO grades. Both, GTR and STR significantly increased PFS (P < 0.01) and OS (P < 0.001) compared to biopsy. Treatment according to Stupp protocol was not associated with longer OS or PFS compared to chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone. EGFR amplification (P = 0.014) and TERT-promotor mutation (P = 0.042) were associated with shortened OS. MGMT-promoter methylation had no influence on treatment response.

Conclusions
WHO grade 2 and 3 IDH1/2 wt astrocytomas, treated according to the same treatment protocols, have a similar OS. Age, extent of resection, and strong EGFR expression were the most important treatment related prognostic factors.
Predefined-Time Stability-Based Zeroing Neural Networks and Their Application in Solving the Lyapunov Equation
Authors: Yue Yuanda , Mi Ling , Chen Chuan , Yang Yanqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLyapunov equation is extensively applied in engineering areas, and zeroing neural networks (ZNN) are very effective in solving this kind of equation. In this paper, two predefined-time stability theorems are used to devise new activation functions. Then, we obtain two new ZNN models, which are applied in solving the Lyapunov equation. This type of model is called the predefined-time stability-based zeroing neural network model. Compared with the ZNN models which have existed, the proposed model retains the noise-tolerant virtue and gains a new advantage: predefined-time convergence. Lastly, we verify that the model developed in this paper is superior to the known models in solving the time-variant Lyapunov equation via numerical simulations.
Status in a psychological statistics class: The
role of academic and status-based identities in college students’ subjective social
status
Authors: Rahal Danny , Shaw Stacy T. , Tucker Mary C. , Stigler James W. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGreat effort has been invested in increasing STEM achievement among
students, but feelings of low status among underrepresented or otherwise vulnerable
students may be creating additional challenges. The present study assessed how
perceptions of social status within the classroom—termed subjective social
status—aligned with objective course performance and differed by sex, first-generation
status, work status, and race/ethnicity among 713 students enrolled across three
introductory statistics classes. Findings indicated that final exam score was moderately
related to ratings of subjective social status, suggesting that factors besides
objective course performance may influence classroom subjective social status. When
asked to explain how they evaluated their standing in the course, students reported five
main themes, including both academic achievement with respect to exam scores and their
understanding of course content. When examining differences by status-based identities
in subjective social status, we found that female and first-generation students had
lower subjective social status compared to their male and continuing-generation peers,
although results were less robust for first-generation status. Likewise, working
students reported lower subjective social status relative to non-working students,
despite showing no difference in final exam score. In contrast, although Asian/Asian
American students outperformed Latine students, there were no differences in reports of
subjective social status between Asian/Asian American, Latine, and white students. Taken
together, results suggest that factors beyond course performance may relate to students’
subjective social status, and subjective social status may contribute to disparities in
academic performance, especially by sex and work status.
On the parallelization of multipacting simulation codes for the design of particle accelerator components
Authors: Navaridas Javier , Pascual Jose A. , Galarza Julen , Romero Txomin , Muñoz Juan L. , Bustinduy Ibon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParticle trajectory and collision simulation is a critical step of the design and construction of novel particle accelerator components. However it requires a huge computational effort which can slow down the design process. We started from a sequential simulation program which is used to study an event called Multipacting. Our work explains the physical problem that is simulated and the implications it can have on the behavior of the components. Then we analyze the original program’s operation to find the best options for parallelization. We first developed a parallel version of the Multipacting simulation and were able to accelerate the execution up to $$\sim 35\times $$

∼
35
×

with 48 or 56 cores. In the best cases, parallelization efficiency was maintained up to 16 cores ($$\sim 95$$

∼
95

%) and the speed-up plateaus at around 40–48 cores. When this first parallelization effort was tried for multi-power simulations, we found that parallelism was severely limited with a maximum of $$20\times $$

20
×

speed-up. For this reason, we introduced a new method to improve the parallelization efficiency for this second use case. This method uses a shared processor pool for all simulations of electrons (OnePool). OnePool improved scalability by pushing the speed-up to over $$32\times $$

32
×

.