bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keratinases produced by Chryseobacterium proteolyticum FGNn and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GNFx liberated amino acids from poultry feathers
Authors: Giwu Nonkonzo , Nnolim Nonso E. , Nwodo Uchechukwu U. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe agro-industrial sector generates diverse waste that requires effective handling to mitigate economic loss and pollution. Consequently, this study assessed bacterial isolates from poultry dumpsites for feather decomposition and keratinase production capacity. The protein hydrolysates generated from feather dismemberment by two bacteria identified as Chryseobacterium proteolyticum FGNn (accession no. MW165478) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GNFx (accession no. MW165479) were profiled for amino acids composition. The biochemical properties of the bacteria-associated keratinases were determined. Initial keratinase production (with percentage feather degradation), demonstrated by the isolates, was 693.63 ± 62.99 U/mL (81%) and 619.09 ± 37.28 (76%) against FGNn and GNFx, respectively. At optimized process conditions, C. proteolyticum and P. aeruginosa extracellular keratinase production was 1756.36 ± 2.57 U/mL at 72 h and 2055.45 ± 50.14 U/mL at 96 h, respectively. Analysis of the feather hydrolysates showed a relatively high abundance of arginine (3.18%) and glycine (3.26%) for FGNn and glutamic acid (6.05%), serine (3.31%), aspartic acid (4.74%), glycine (3.71%), alanine (3.43%), valine (3.09%), and leucine (3.23%) for GNFx. The keratinolytic proteases showed pH and temperature optima of 8.0 and 50°C against FGNn, and 8.0 and 60°C against GNFx. GNFx keratinase was thermostable, displaying a half-life time of more than 60 min at 80°C. In addition, GNFx keratinolytic enzyme was chemical agent tolerant post-treatment. The findings underlined the significance of C. proteolyticum FGNn and P. aeruginosa GNFx as suitable in the valorisation of keratinous biomass. Also, the robust stability profile of GNFx keratinase highlights its prospects in green technology.
Modelling the Wall Pressure Fluctuations on the VEGA-C Launcher in Supersonic Conditions
Authors: Camussi R. , Di Marco Alessandro , De Paola Elisa , Stoica Gerorgiana Luana , Stoica Cornelius , Paglia Fabio , Romano Luca , Barbagallo Daniele 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe prediction of pressure fluctuations generated over the external surface of aerospace launchers during the atmospheric flight remains a challenging task due to the complexity of the geometry and the effects of compressibility at high supersonic Mach numbers. An experimental database is here analysed to the scope of providing a procedure to model and predict the relevant statistics of the wall pressure fluctuations generated by a supersonic flow overflowing the VEGA-C Launcher Vehicle. Data have been obtained in an extensive Wind Tunnel test campaign carried out in the trisonic wind tunnel of the National Institute for Aerospace Research (INCAS) in Bucharest. Wall-mounted pressure transducers allowed for the computation of the pressure Auto- and Cross-spectra over the fourth (the payload region) and third stages of the launcher model. Coherence functions are modelled through exponential-like analytical functions following the approaches usually adopted in canonical boundary layer flows, whereas the auto-spectra models are based on polynomial fits. The approach adopted for the achievement of proper non-dimensional quantities as well as the procedure implemented for the full-scale extrapolation is presented and discussed.
Machinery for managers: secretaries, psychologists, and ‘human–computer interaction’, 1973–1983
Authors: Schirvar Sam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article characterizes early research in the field of ‘human–computer interaction’ (HCI) by analysing the first decade of ‘user psychology’ research at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). PARC's Applied Information-Processing Psychology Project (AIP) provided an initial theoretical foundation for HCI in the early 1980s. Like researchers in artificial intelligence (AI), researchers at AIP drew from information-processing psychology. However, AIP researchers argued that their focus on human behaviour distinguished their research from AI and other fields allied with computer science. Previous scholarship has shown that United States computer engineers became concerned with ‘users’ as they sought to commercialize military-funded developments in interactive computing. This paper argues that the decision made by upper management in computerizing workplaces to shift some text production work from clerical workers to middle managers during the 1970s and 1980s led AIP to perceive ambiguities around gender and technical skill. This shaped the initial theoretical foundations that the research group offered to HCI – especially the group's conception of the ‘user’. Computer designers went from presenting word-processing programs as clerical machines for women workers to presenting them as tools for masculine thinking. AIP's research diverged from industrial engineering and AI in response to this transformation.
Facing displacement and a global pandemic: evidence from a fragile state
Authors: Di Maio Michele , Fasani Francesco , Leone Sciabolazza Valerio , Molini Vasco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe use novel survey data to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Libya. Our analysis compares the effects of the pandemic for displaced and non-displaced citizens, controlling for individual and household characteristics and geo-localized measures of economic activity and conflict intensity. In our sample, 9.5% of respondents report that a household member has been infected by COVID-19, while 24.7% of them have suffered economic damages and 14.6% have experienced negative health effects due to the pandemic. IDPs do not display higher incidence of COVID-19 relative to comparable non-displaced individuals, but are about 60% more likely to report negative economic and health impacts caused by the pandemic. We provide suggestive evidence that the larger damages suffered by IDPs can be explained by their weaker economic status—which leads to more food insecurity and indebtedness—and by the discrimination they face in accessing health care.
Impact of hospital-acquired pneumonia on the Medicare program
Authors: Baker Dian L. , Giuliano Karen K. , Desmarais Mark , Worzala Chantal , Cloke Annie , Zawistowich Lu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective:Patient safety organizations and researchers describe hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) as a largely preventable hospital-acquired infection that affects patient safety and quality of care. We provide evidence regarding the consequences of HAP among 2019 Medicare beneficiaries.Design:Retrospective case–control study.Patients:Calendar year 2019 Medicare beneficiaries with HAP during an initial hospitalization, defined by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) coding on inpatient claims (n = 2,457). Beneficiaries with HAP were matched using diagnosis-related group (DRG) codes with beneficiaries who did not experience HAP (n = 2,457).Methods:The 2019 calendar year Medicare 5% Standard Analytic Files (SAF), for inpatient, outpatient, physician, and all postacute hospital settings. The case group (HAP) and control group (non-HAP) were matched on disease severity, age, sex, and race and were compared for hospital length of stay, costs, and mortality during the initial hospitalization and across settings for 30, 60, and 90 days after discharge. The 2019 fiscal year MedPAR Claims data were used to determine Medicare costs.Results:Medicare beneficiaries with HAP were 2.8 times more likely to die within 90 days compared with matched beneficiaries who did not develop HAP. Among those who survived, beneficiaries with HAP spent 6.6 more days in the hospital (69%) and cost the Medicare program an average of $14,487 (24%) more per episode of care across initial inpatient and postdischarge services.Conclusions:The findings of higher mortality and cost among Medicare beneficiaries who develop HAP suggest that HAP prevention should be prioritized as a patient safety and quality initiative for the Medicare program.
Dynamics, experiences and political meaning of the black market in Second World War Italy
Authors: Sambuco Patrizia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRationing and illegal food trade in Second World War Italy have received very little scholarly attention in comparison to the scale and impact they had on people's daily life. This article contributes to filling this gap, first by providing an overview of the dynamics that already in the early years of the war determined the development of an illegal system of food trade. It then considers the experience of the black market through two wartime diaries, one published and the other unpublished, written by women of opposite political views, both living in Rome and its outskirts. The analysis of the diaries considers women's attitudes towards the black market. The article argues that the Fascist propaganda of duty to the homeland, so intensively practised through domestic literature during the 1920s and 1930s, was again exploited in wartime in the discourse around the black market and hid the political responsibilities of the government.
Find the river: Discovering the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra in the age of empire
Authors: Simpson Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite the enormous size and economic and scientific significance of the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra River, questions of where and what it was generated successive waves of dispute from the mid-eighteenth to early twentieth centuries. Geographical discovery in the eastern Himalayan borderlands neither entailed the application of fixed theories and techniques, nor resulted from consistent flows of information along established channels. Europeans instead understood the region’s rivers in many different ways, influenced by sporadic deluges of data, competing forms of expertise, shifting imperatives of colonial political economy, unsettling encounters with various bodies of water, and heterogeneous Asian knowledge structures. Informants, infrastructures, and cosmologies of often-overlooked communities at imperial margins fundamentally reshaped European knowledge. Under these conditions, practitioners of spatial sciences came to thrive on the proliferation of models and objects of discovery rather than seeking definitive closure.
For the Greater Individual and Social Good: Justifying Age-Differentiated Paternalism
Authors: Pedersen Viki Møller Lyngby 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhat justifies differences in the acceptance of paternalism towards competent minors and older people? I propose two arguments. The first argument draws on the widely accepted view that paternalism is easier to justify the more good it promotes for the paternalizee. It argues that paternalism targeting young people generally promotes more good for the people interfered with than similar paternalism targeting older people. While promoting people's interests or well-being is essential to the justification of paternalism, the first argument has certain unfair implications in that it disfavours paternalism towards the worse off. The second argument caters to such fairness concerns. It argues that priority or inequality aversion supports age-differentiated paternalism because young people, who act imprudently and thereby risk their interests or well-being, are worse off than older people who act in similar ways. I suggest that both arguments are pertinent in evaluating specific paternalistic acts and policies.
Discourse-based pronoun resolution in non-native sentence processing
Authors: Puebla Cecilia , Felser Claudia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPersonal pronouns can potentially be resolved in logical syntax by means of variable binding (VB) or at the discourse-representational level through coreference assignment (CR). Previous research suggests that real-time reference resolution is guided more strongly by discourse-level cues in a non-native language (L2) than in a native language (L1). Here we use the VB/CR distinction to further test this hypothesis. Using eye-movement monitoring during reading and a complementary questionnaire task, we compared L1 German and L1 Russian/L2 German speakers’ resolution of object pronouns. While both our participant groups ultimately preferred CR over VB interpretations, only the L2 participants showed evidence of favouring a sentence-external CR antecedent from early on during processing. Our L1 group, by contrast, favoured a VB antecedent during processing. The observed L1/L2 processing differences reveal divergent antecedent search strategies, with L2 but not L1 speakers being primarily guided by discourse-level cues during real-time comprehension.
Advancing deliberative reform in a parliamentary system: prospects for recursive representation
Authors: Alnemr Nardine , Ercan Selen A. , Vlahos Nick , Dryzek John S. , Leigh Andrew , Neblo Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent theories of democratic representation push beyond ‘minimalist’ notions that only rely on periodic elections to connect officials and constituents. For example, Jane Mansbridge (2019) calls for ‘recursive representation’, which seeks ongoing, two-way interaction between representatives and their constituents. Given the scale and complexity of modern representative democracies, how can such ambitious proposals be translated into practice? We analyze two Deliberative Town Halls (DTHs) convened with a Federal Member of Australian Parliament in 2020 to discuss a complex issue, mitochondrial donation, ahead of a parliamentary debate and conscience vote on this issue. Drawing on interviews with participants, we argue that democratic innovations such as DTHs can contribute to realizing recursive representation when three criteria are met: authenticity, inclusion, and impact. We discuss the significance of each criterion and the role of DTHs in advancing recursive representation in a parliamentary system.
Songs to Revitalise Community Solidarity among the Indigenous Mah Meri of Malaysia
Authors: CHAN CLARE SUET CHING 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMah Meri musicians in Malaysia are calling for a revitalisation of community solidarity by adding fragments of new song text to their traditional songs. Intrinsic to the new song texts are narratives of working together, sharing and unity in the community. Through a reexamination of my personal interviews and fieldnotes with these musicians over the past two decades, I posit that their new song texts address social issues that emerged as the village adopted values of modernisation introduced by policies to integrate these people into mainstream society. Rather than outwardly protesting these policies, I argue that Mah Meri musicians challenge top-down hegemonies through a subtle approach of metaphor, rhetoric, and sympathetic appeal in their songs. They direct their efforts inward to their community to rejuvenate and sustain their indigenous values of egalitarianism.
CNN‐Based ENSO Forecasts With a Focus on SSTA Zonal Pattern and Physical Interpretation
Authors: Sun Ming , Chen Lin , Li Tim , Luo Jing‐Jia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeep learning (DL) has achieved notable success in El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forecasts. Most DL‐based models focused on forecasting ENSO indices while the zonal distribution of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the equatorial Pacific was overlooked. To provide accurate predictions for the SSTA zonal pattern, this study developed a model through leveraging the merits of the cosine distance in constructing the convolutional neural network. This model can skillfully predict the SSTA zonal pattern over the equatorial Pacific 1 year in advance, remarkably outperforming current dynamical models. Moreover, the physical interpretation of the model prediction reveals that the sources for ENSO predictability at different lead times are distinct. For the 10‐month‐lead predictions, the precursors in the north Pacific, south Pacific and tropical Atlantic play critical roles in determining the model behaviors; while for the 16‐month‐lead predictions, the initial signals in the tropical Pacific associated with the discharge‐recharge cycle are essential.
Synthesis‐Style Auto‐Correlation‐Based Transformer: A Learner on Ionospheric TEC Series Forecasting
Authors: Yuan Yuhuan , Xia Guozhen , Zhang Xinmiao , Zhou Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccurate 1‐day global total electron content (TEC) forecasting is essential for ionospheric monitoring and satellite communications. However, it faces challenges due to limited data and difficulty in modeling long‐term dependencies. This study develops a highly accurate model for 1‐day global TEC forecasting. We utilized generative TEC data augmentation based on the International Global Navigation Satellite Service (IGS) data set from 1998 to 2017 to enhance the model's prediction ability. Our model takes the TEC sequence of the previous 2 days as input and predicts the global TEC value for each hourly step of the next day. We compared the performance of our model with 1‐day predicted ionospheric products provided by both the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (C1PG) and Beihang University (B1PG). We proposed a two‐step framework: (a) a time series generative model to produce realistic synthetic TEC data for training, and (b) an auto‐correlation‐based transformer model designed to capture long‐range dependencies in the TEC sequence. Experiments demonstrate that our model significantly improves 1‐day forecast accuracy over prior approaches. On the 2018 benchmark data set, the global root mean squared error (RMSE) of our model is reduced to 1.17 TEC units (TECU), while the RMSE of the C1PG model is 2.07 TECU. Reliability is higher in middle and high latitudes but lower in low latitudes (RMSE < 2.5 TECU), indicating room for improvement. This study highlights the potential of using data augmentation and auto‐correlation‐based transformer models trained on synthetic data to achieve high‐quality 1‐day global TEC forecasting.
Skin sodium content as a predictor of blood pressure response to renal denervation
Authors: Guenes-Altan Merve , Schmid Axel , Kannenkeril Dennis , Linz Peter , Ott Christian , Bosch Agnes , Schiffer Mario , Uder Michael , Schmieder Roland E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPatients with treatment resistant hypertension (TRH) are known to have elevated sodium (Na) content in muscle and skin. Renal denervation (RDN) emerged as an adjacent therapeutic option in this group of patients. This analysis aimed at evaluating whether tissue Na content predicts blood pressure (BP) response after RDN in patients with TRH. Radiofrequency-device based RDN was performed in 58 patients with uncontrolled TRH. Office and 24-h ambulatory BP were measured at baseline and after 6 months. To assess tissue Na content Na magnetic resonance imaging (Na-MRI) was performed at baseline prior to RDN. We splitted the study cohort into responders and non-responders based on the median of systolic 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) reduction after 6 months and evaluated the association between BP response to RDN and tissue Na content in skin and muscle. The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01687725). Six months after RDN 24-h ABP decreased by −8.6/−4.7 mmHg. BP-Responders were characterized by the following parameters: low tissue sodium content in the skin (p = 0.040), female gender (p = 0.027), intake of aldosterone antagonists (p = 0.032), high baseline 24-h night-time heart rate (p = 0.045) and high LDL cholesterol (p < 0.001). These results remained significant after adjustment for baseline 24-h systolic BP. Similar results were obtained when the median of day-time and night-time ABP reduction after 6 months were used as cut-off criteria for defining BP response to RDN. We conclude that in addition to clinical factors including baseline 24-h ABP Na-MRI may assist to select patients with uncontrolled TRH for RDN treatment.
Deep learning visual field global index prediction with optical coherence tomography parameters in glaucoma patients
Authors: Kim Dongbock , Seo Sat Byul , Park Seong Joon , Cho Hyun-kyung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to predict three visual filed (VF) global indexes, mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), and visual field index (VFI), from optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters including Bruch's Membrane Opening-Minimum Rim Width (BMO-MRW) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) based on a deep-learning model. Subjects consisted of 224 eyes with Glaucoma suspects (GS), 245 eyes with early NTG, 58 eyes with moderate stage of NTG, 36 eyes with PACG, 57 eyes with PEXG, and 99 eyes with POAG. A deep neural network (DNN) algorithm was developed to predict values of VF global indexes such as MD, VFI, and PSD. To evaluate performance of the model, mean absolute error (MAE) was determined. The MAE range of the DNN model on cross validation was 1.9–2.9 (dB) for MD, 1.6–2.0 (dB) for PSD, and 5.0 to 7.0 (%) for VFI. Ranges of Pearson’s correlation coefficients were 0.76–0.85, 0.74–0.82, and 0.70–0.81 for MD, PSD, and VFI, respectively. Our deep-learning model might be useful in the management of glaucoma for diagnosis and follow-up, especially in situations when immediate VF results are not available because VF test requires time and space with a subjective nature.
How to “inoculate” against multimodal misinformation: A conceptual replication of Roozenbeek and van der Linden (2020)
Authors: Neylan Julian , Biddlestone Mikey , Roozenbeek Jon , van der Linden Sander 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBuilding misinformation resilience at scale continues to pose a challenge. Gamified “inoculation” interventions have shown promise in improving people’s ability to recognize manipulation techniques commonly used in misinformation, but so far few interventions exist that tackle multimodal misinformation (e.g., videos, images). We developed a game called Cat Park, in which players learn about five manipulation techniques (trolling, emotional manipulation, amplification, polarization, and conspiracism), and how misinformation can spread through images. To test the game’s efficacy, we conducted a conceptual replication (N = 380) of Roozenbeek and van der Linden’s 2020 study about Harmony Square, with the same study design, item set, and hypotheses. Like the original study, we find that people who play Cat Park find misinformation significantly less reliable post-gameplay (d = 0.95, p < 0.001) compared to a control group, and are significantly less willing to share misinformation with people in their network (d = 0.54, p < 0.001). These effects are robust across different covariates. However, unlike the original study, Cat Park players do not become significantly more confident in their ability to identify misinformation (p = 0.204, d = − 0.13). We did not find that the game increases people’s self-reported motivation and confidence to counter misinformation online.