bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RECENT ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE STUDY OF PATHOMECHANISMS OF RHYNOSINUSITIS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORS INTOLERANCE (literature review)
Authors: Zabolotna D.D. , Moldovanov I.A. 
Published: January 2024

Background. The pathomechanism of rhinosinusitis associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is complex and still not fully understood. They are now known to be associated with genetic predisposition and environmental triggers that lead to dysregulation of fatty acid and lipid metabolism, cell transmetabolism, and chronic inflammation in the airways.
Aim: analysis of recent advances in the study of aspirin-associated respiratory disease (AERD), summarization of already known information about the pathomechanisms of the disease.
Materials and methods. The analysis of literary sources included publications in the international electronic scientometric databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science by keywords for the period 2013-2023. 46 sources were selected for analysis, of which 24 were used that met the search criteria.
Results. The results showed that researchers are actively studying the role of immunological factors, particularly IgG4 and IgE in the pathogenesis of the disease. IgG4 was detected in nasal polyp tissue and associated with poor postoperative outcome, which may indicate its important role in chronic sinusitis. In addition, cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-4, IL-10, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33 have been detected in eosinophilic nasal polyps in patients with aspirin intolerance, suggesting their possible role in the development AERD.
Conclusion. The cause of severe nasal polyposis in AERD has not been definitively determined. Further research may lead to the development of more personalized treatments. Dietary modification and development of new monoclonal antibody drugs lead to reduction of AERD symptoms and improvement of patients' quality of life.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОСВІТИ НОВОГО СТОЛІТТЯ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Гончаренко Марія , Мірошниченко Ольга , Шевченко Анастасія 
Published: January 2024

У статті висвітлені особливості освіти нового століття, тенденції та перспективи розвитку освіти в умовах сучасних змін і вимог. Вчені зазначають, що темп життя сучасної людини вищий за той, що був декілька років тому, та незрівнянно швидший порівняно з минулими сторіччями. Фізіологія людини не в змозі настільки швидко адаптуватись. Увагу педагогів привертає факт відставання етичних імперативів від рівня змін у технічному та енергоінформаційному середовищі. Вченими аналізується синергетична парадигма пізнання світу, становлення та головні риси педагогічної синергетики, новітньої форми педагогічної рефлексії. Синергетичний підхід у навчанні з великою вірогідністю може ліквідувати наслідки розбіжностей у технічній, біологічній та психолого-духовній еволюції людства. Розкрити, яким чином це можливо зробити на практиці – мета прикладної галузі педагогічної науки та нашого дослідження. На шляху до цієї мети має бути вирішене питання гострої потреби у викладачах нового типу, майбутніх учителях основ здоров'я, здатних нетрадиційно підходити до вирішення різноманітних педагогічних ситуацій, які просто не могли виникнути до енергоінформаційного стрибка, в якому зараз перебуває людство. Проблемам використання синергетичного підходу в педагогіці, осмислення та оптимізація відомих педагогічних систем з точки зору формування гармонійної творчої особистості присвячені дослідження вітчизняних та зарубіжних вчених.
У статті показано, як вітчизняні вчені, педагоги винаходять шляхи пошуку найбільш ефективних методів модернізації освітніх технологій згідно з викликами сучасності. Реалізація відбувається через сучасні технології навчання, які поєднуються з синергетичним підходом завдяки розумінню педагогіки як складної системи, якій притаманні риси відкритості, складності та системності.
ЦИФРОВА ГРАМОТНІСТЬ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ВКЛЮЧЕННЯ ЛЮДЕЙ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ У СУЧАСНЕ СУСПІЛЬСТВО
Authors: Уманець Наталія 
Published: January 2024

Наведено аналіз ролі цифрової грамотності в адаптації покоління «третього віку» до умов сучасного інформаційного суспільства. Зазначається, що формування інформаційного суспільства і поширення новітніх цифрових технологій виступає значущим фактором соціальнокультурних трансформацій, що відображаються в тому числі і на поколінській динаміці сучасного українського соціуму. На даний момент вивчення процесів, пов'язаних з цифровізацією, в сучасних умовах відстає від потреб теорії та практики. Зазначається, що покоління «третього віку» в сучасних умовах відчуває нестачу знань у сфері використання цифрових технологій і визнає безперечне лідерство у цій сфері за молодими поколіннями. При цьому результати дослідження показують, що більшість представників цієї вікової категорії активно підвищує свою цифрову грамотність і використовує її як адаптаційний ресурс в умовах інформаційного суспільства.
У результаті констатується, що цифрова грамотність реалізує нову інформаційну реальність соціалізації та адаптації людей «третьої вікової категорії» і виявляється у їхньому комфортному існуванні в інформаційно-цифровому суспільстві.
Study on Outcome of Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery with Clear Corneal Steep Axis Incision
Authors: Raihan Mohammad Hussain , Kabir Farah Hossaini , Khan Kamrul Hasan , Kajmina Natasha , Hasan A K M Rashedul , Hasan Mohammad Mahbubul 
Published: January 2024

A prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from April to October of 2019, to observe the outcome and determine the amount of surgically induced astigmatism in phacoemulsification cataract surgery done with clear corneal incision. A total of 60 patients were included in this study. Cataract extraction was done in all the patients by phacoemulsification through clear corneal incision with foldable intraocular lens implantation. All the surgeries were done with INTREPID Micro-Coaxial system using the INFINITI Vision system by the same surgeon under local anaesthesia. The patients were followed up on 1st, 7th, and 30th POD. The parameters recorded were uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination, and keratometry. Due to clear corneal incision on steep axis, the steep meridian became flat, from 44.329±1.473D (diopter) (as found in pre-operative keratometry) to 43.971±1.431D (on the 30th post-operative day). On the other hand, the flat meridian became steeper from 43.225±1.471D (pre-operative) to 43.225±1.501D (on the 30th day). At preoperative examination and 30th day follow-up visit, astigmatism was determined as 1.10±0.319 and 0.583±0.413 respectively. The change of astigmatism was statistically significant (P<0.05).
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 41-45
Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles of C-Reactive Protein in Childhood Pneumonia
Authors: Badruzzaman  , Kamruzzaman Mohammed , Quddush A S M Ruhul , Amin Shayla , Parvin Sabiha , Sultana Faria 
Published: January 2024

A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics in Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between February and September of 2013, to determine the role of CRP for the diagnosis of pneumonia as well as treatment response of pneumonia. A total of 180 children with pneumonia were enrolled – 90 as case (group A) and another 90 having ARI other than pneumonia as control (group B), based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Necessary information was collected by detailed history taking, clinical examination and close follow-up in the hospital, by using a pre-designed data sheet. The mean±SD age of the participants as case (group A) and control (group B) were 8.53±10.24 and 6.68±3.59 respectively (P>0.05). Male children were 66(73.3%) and 68(75.6%), while female children were 24(26.7%) and 22(24.4%) in group A and group B respectively (P>0.05). In two groups, the mean CRP before treatment were 48.80±32.4 and 3.60±1.30 respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001), which signifies that those who were suffering from pneumonia had an initial CRP response much higher than those who were suffering from other forms of respiratory diseases. Among antibiotic responders, symptoms and signs resolved in approximately 2-4 days; however, among non-responders, symptoms even persisted >7 days. Among the responders, CRP was significantly reduced after treatment (P<0.001); in contrast, among non-responders, even after treatment, no or little reduction in CRP was observed (P>0.05). Hence, we suggest that measuring CRP to see the antibiotic response in childhood pneumonia is helpful.
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 46-52
Pelvic Stress Fracture among Naval Cadets in Bangladesh
Authors: Quader Mohammad Abdul , Farhana Irin 
Published: January 2024

Stress fractures are often found in military recruits. Most involved bones are tibia, metatarsals, calcaneus and fibula. Pelvic stress fracture especially at pubic ramus is relatively rare; however, it is found more in females in comparison to its male counterpart. A prospective study was carried out to investigate demographic features of pelvic stress fractures among the Naval cadets in Bangladesh. A total of 18 patients with pelvic stress fractures reported at the Department of Orthopedics of Bangladesh Naval Ship (BNS) Patenga Hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh, between January 2021 and December 2022. Naval trainee officers both male and female undergo physical and military training during their courses. Most of the cadets reported with pain in their groin. Routine investigation was done. Plain radiograph of pelvis revealed fracture lines sometimes periosteal elevation and sclerosis. The mean age of the patients was 18.94 years (ranging between 18 and 20 years). Out of 18 patients, 17 were female and 1 was male. All the cadets were treated conservatively. Post trauma pain developed in 3(16.67%) cases, while the rest 15(83.33%) recovered completely.
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 66-70
Cellular Self-Digestion Unveiled: Autophagy's Impact on Cancer
Authors: Chowdhury Ashiqur Rahman Khan , Naser Iftekhar Bin 
Published: January 2024

Autophagy is a strictly controlled process in which cells break down and recycle their own components by transporting them to lysosomes. Multiple studies have shown that autophagy has a diverse range of physiological and pathological functions in cells. Autophagy in cancer has contradictory functions, serving as both a suppressor and a driver of tumor growth. Specifically, it may exhibit several roles in relation to cancer treatment, either leading to cancer resistance or enhancing susceptibility to radiation and chemotherapy. Hence, autophagy has the potential to augment the efficacy of anticancer medications and radiation treatment.
CBMJ 2024 January: vol. 13 no. 01 P: 107-118
Characterization and insight mechanism of an acid-adapted β-Glucosidase from Lactobacillus paracasei and its application in bioconversion of glycosides
Authors: Xie Yufeng , Yan Xinrui , Li Changzhuo , Wang Shumei , Jia Longgang 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: β-glucosidase is one class of pivotal glycosylhydrolase enzyme that can cleavage glucosidic bonds and transfer glycosyl group between the oxygen nucleophiles. Lactobacillus is the most abundant bacteria in the human gut. Identification and characterization of new β-glucosidases from Lactobacillus are meaningful for food or drug industry.Method: Herein, an acid-adapted β-glucosidase (LpBgla) was cloned and characterized from Lactobacillus paracasei. And the insight acid-adapted mechanism of LpBgla was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations.Results and Discussion: The recombinant LpBgla exhibited maximal activity at temperature of 30°C and pH 5.5, and the enzymatic activity was inhibited by Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ and EDTA. The LpBgla showed a more stable structure, wider substrate-binding pocket and channel aisle, more hydrogen bonds and stronger molecular interaction with the substrate at pH 5.5 than pH 7.5. Five residues including Asp45, Leu60, Arg120, Lys153 and Arg164 might play a critical role in the acid-adapted mechanism of LpBgla. Moreover, LpBgla showed a broad substrate specificity and potential application in the bioconversion of glycosides, especially towards the arbutin. Our study greatly benefits for the development novel β-glucosidases from Lactobacillus, and for the biosynthesis of aglycones.
Predictors of weight reduction effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients
Authors: Danpanichkul Pojsakorn , Manosroi Worapaka , Nilsirisuk Tharadon , Tosukhowong Theetouch 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a novel medication for treating type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which have the pleiotropic effect of weight reduction. This study aimed to evaluate clinical and biochemical predictors of effective weight reduction in T2DM patients who use various types of SGLT2i.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted with 289 adults diagnosed with T2DM who were first prescribed SGLT2i either as monotherapy or add-on therapy. The primary outcome was the identification of clinical and biochemical factors that can potentially induce meaningful weight reduction (&gt;3% in 1 year) in T2DM patients while using SGLT2 inhibitors. The relationship between predictors and significant weight loss was assessed using logistic regression analysis, including adjustment for confounding factors. Results are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsAmong the 289 patients, 45.6% had significant weight loss following SGLT2i use. The significant clinical predictors were age &gt;70 years old (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.39-7.6, p=0.006), body mass index &gt;25 kg/m2 (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.05, p=0.049), and the use of sulfonylureas (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.15-5.09, p=0.020). Additionally, the use of HCTZ showed significantly decreased odds of weight loss (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.96, p=0.043).ConclusionThis research highlights multiple clinical factors that potentially can predict meaningful weight loss in patients with T2DM who are treated with SGLT2i. These findings could facilitate the identification of patients who might benefit from the weight loss effects of SGLT2i.
An in vitro study of the effects of respiratory circuit setup and parameters on aerosol delivery during mechanical ventilation
Authors: Reilly Leanne , Mac Giolla Eain Marc , Murphy Sarah , O’Sullivan Andrew , Joyce Mary , MacLoughlin Ronan 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionAerosol therapy is often prescribed concurrently during invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). This study determines the effects of nebuliser position, circuit humidification source, and most importantly, lung health on the delivery of aerosol in simulated adult and paediatric IMV patients. Furthermore, the influence of closed suction catheters on aerosol delivery is also addressed.MethodsA vibrating mesh nebuliser was used to deliver Albuterol to simulated adult and paediatric IMV patients with differing states of lung health. Four different nebuliser positions and two types of humidification were analysed. Closed suction catheter mounts, a mainstay in IMV therapy, were incorporated into the circuits. The mean ± SD dose of aerosol (%) was assayed from a filter at the distal end of the endotracheal tube.ResultsNebuliser placement and circuit humidification source had no effect on the delivered dose (%) in adults, yet both significantly did in the simulated paediatric patients. The use of closed suction catheter mounts significantly reduced the delivered dose (%) in adults but not in paediatric patients. A simulated healthy lung state generated the largest delivered dose (%), irrespective of nebuliser position in the adult. However, different lung health and nebuliser positions yielded higher delivered doses (%) in paediatrics.ConclusionLung health and respiratory circuit composition significantly affect aerosol delivery in both adult and paediatric IMV patients. Nebuliser placement and respiratory circuit humidification source do not affect the delivered dose in adult but do in paediatric IMV patients.
Magnetic resonance imaging findings of intravascular leiomyomatosis of the uterus: a case report
Authors: Guo Bin , Zhao Shuhui , Li Juan , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIntravascular leiomyomatosis (IVL) is often a non-malignant condition that grows inside the blood vessels and does not invade surrounding tissues. However, its presence within the blood vessels can lead to obstructions. The majority of IVL cases manifest symptoms related to blockage.Case presentationWe present a case of a 50-year-old female patient who was referred to our institution due to the presence of a common non-cancerous tumor in the uterus, known as a benign uterine leiomyoma. The tumor was identified during an ultrasound examination during a routine physical examination. Postoperative pathology established the existence of intrapelvic IVL.ConclusionIntrapelvic IVL often not present with complications when it is confined to the pelvic cavity. Furthermore, the imaging features of intrapelvic IVL resemble those of typical benign uterine leiomyomas. This can often result in the clinical misdiagnosis of the tumor as a typical benign uterine leiomyoma.
Both symbionts and environmental factors contribute to shape the microbiota in a pest insect, Sogatella furcifera
Authors: Yang Kun , Zhang Hua-Yue , Wang Peng , Jin Gui-Xiu , Chu Dong 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionBacterial symbionts are prevalent in arthropods globally and play a vital role in the fitness and resistance of hosts. While several symbiont infections have been identified in the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera, the impact of environmental factors on the microbiota within S. furcifera remains elusive.MethodsIn this study, a total of 142 S. furcifera individuals from 18 populations were collected from 14 locations across six countries (China, Thailand, Myanmar, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos) analyzed with 2bRAD-M sequencing, to examine the effects of symbionts on the microbiota in the S. furcifera population, as well as the vital effects of environmental factors on the bacterial communities.Results and discussionBased on the results, in S. furcifera, the presence of symbionts Wolbachia and Cardinium negatively influenced the abundance of other bacteria, including Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, and Lysinibacillus, while Wolbachia infection significantly decreased the diversity of the microbial community. Moreover, several environmental factors, including longitude, latitude, temperature, and precipitation, affected the abundance of symbionts and microbiota diversity in S. furcifera. These results collectively highlight the vital role of Wolbachia in S. furcifera microbiota, as well as the intricate effects of environmental factors on the bacterial communities of S. furcifera.
The FGG c.952G>A variant causes congenital dysfibrinogenemia characterized by recurrent cerebral infarction: a case report
Authors: Ying Anna , Zhou Yuanlin , Wang Chunyue , Wang Tao , Zhang Xuan , Wang Shanshan , Ke Shaofa , Bao Yuyan , Liu Yang , Wang Feng 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundCongenital dysfibrinogenemia (CD) is a rare hereditary coagulation disorder resulting from mutations in fibrinogen genes. CD primarily presents with bleeding symptoms, but it can also lead to thrombotic events, including ischemic stroke.Case presentationThis report describes the case of a 52-year-old Chinese man who was admitted to the hospital twice due to recurrent cerebral infarction, characterized by sudden speech impairment and weakness in the right upper extremity. Brain MRI revealed multiple ischemic changes, predominantly in the left frontal and parietal lobes. Coagulation tests demonstrated reduced plasma fibrinogen (Clauss method), prolonged prothrombin time and thrombin time, and an elevated international normalized ratio. However, the ELISA assay indicated elevated levels of fibrinogen γ-chain protein. Despite a 2-month-old treatment regimen with aspirin, clopidogrel, and atorvastatin after the first hospitalization, the patient experienced a second ischemic stroke. Genetic analysis using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing identified a rare heterozygous missense variation, FGG c.952G&gt;A (rs267606810), in both the stroke patient and his asymptomatic sister. Both individuals exhibited the same alterations in fibrinogen, characterized by reduced functional levels but increased antigenic protein. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with ischemic stroke associated with congenital dysfibrinogenemia.ConclusionThis case report expands the clinical phenotype spectrum associated with FGG c.952G&gt;A (rs267606810) and underscores the significance of considering CD as a potential etiology for unexplained ischemic stroke, particularly in patients with a family history of coagulation disorders.
Monitoring response to neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer in all treatment phases using an ultrasound deep learning model
Authors: Zhang Jingwen , Deng Jingwen , Huang Jin , Mei Liye , Liao Ni , Yao Feng , Lei Cheng , Sun Shengrong , Zhang Yimin 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the value of a deep learning model (DLM) based on breast tumor ultrasound image segmentation in predicting pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.MethodsThe dataset contains a total of 1393 ultrasound images of 913 patients from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, of which 956 ultrasound images of 856 patients were used as the training set, and 437 ultrasound images of 57 patients underwent NAC were used as the test set. A U-Net-based end-to-end DLM was developed for automatically tumor segmentation and area calculation. The predictive abilities of the DLM, manual segmentation model (MSM), and two traditional ultrasound measurement methods (longest axis model [LAM] and dual-axis model [DAM]) for pathological complete response (pCR) were compared using changes in tumor size ratios to develop receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsThe average intersection over union value of the DLM was 0.856. The early-stage ultrasound-predicted area under curve (AUC) values of pCR were not significantly different from those of the intermediate and late stages (p&lt; 0.05). The AUCs for MSM, DLM, LAM and DAM were 0.840, 0.756, 0.778 and 0.796, respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC values of the predictive ability of the four models.ConclusionUltrasonography was predictive of pCR in the early stages of NAC. DLM have a similar predictive value to conventional ultrasound for pCR, with an add benefit in effectively improving workflow.