bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Conformable Organic Electronic Device for Monitoring Epithelial Integrity at the Air Liquid Interface
Authors: Barron Sarah L. , Oldroyd Sophie V. , Saez Janire , Chernaik Alice , Guo Wenrui , McCaughan Frank , Bulmer David , Owens Róisín M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAir liquid interfaced (ALI) epithelial barriers are essential for homeostatic functions such as nutrient transport and immunological protection. Dysfunction of such barriers are implicated in a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and, as such, sensors capable of monitoring barrier health are integral for disease modelling, diagnostics and drug screening applications. To date, gold‐standard electrical methods for detecting barrier resistance require rigid electrodes bathed in an electrolyte, which limits compatibility with biological architectures and is non‐physiological for ALI. This work presents a flexible all‐planar electronic device capable of monitoring barrier formation and perturbations in human respiratory and intestinal cells at ALI. By interrogating patient samples with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and simple equivalent circuit models, disease‐specific and patient‐specific signatures are uncovered. Device readouts are validated against commercially available chopstick electrodes and show greater conformability, sensitivity and biocompatibility. The effect of electrode size on sensing efficiency is investigated and a cut‐off sensing area is established, which is one order of magnitude smaller than previously reported. This work provides the first steps in creating a physiologically relevant sensor capable of mapping local and real‐time changes of epithelial barrier function at ALI, which will have broad applications in toxicology and drug screening applications.
Optically Manipulated Micromirrors for Precise Excitation of WGM Microlasers
Authors: Plaskocinski Tomasz , Yan Libin , Schubert Marcel , Gather Malte C. , Di Falco Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhispering gallery mode microlasers are highly sensitive refractive index sensors widely explored for biophotonic and biomedical applications. Microlaser excitation and collection of the emitted light typically utilize microscope objectives at normal incidence, limiting the choice of the oscillation plane of the modes. Here, a platform that enables the excitation of microlasers from various directions using an optically manipulated micromirror is presented. The scheme enables precise sensing of the environment surrounding the microlasers along different well‐controlled planes. The capability of the platform to perform a time‐resolved experiment of dynamic sensing using a polystyrene probe bead orbiting the microlaser is further demonstrated.
Enhanced Interband Transition in FeCoNiAlTi High‐Entropy Alloy for Ultrafast Nonlinear Optical Applications
Authors: Liu Xiang , Li Jinfeng , Li Zongsheng , Chu Hongwei , Pan Zhongben , Pan Han , Zhao Shengzhi , Li Dechun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) possess superior mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties, which attract great interest in the fields of photothermal, electrocatalysis, and magnetic applications. Herein, the nonlinear optical properties of FeCoNiAlTi HEA with a large specific surface area for the first time is investigated. Owing to the strong d–d interaction, the interband transition near the Fermi level could be enhanced in HEAs, leading to broadband optical absorption. Excitation with the picosecond laser source, the FeCoNiAlTi HEA possesses saturable absorption with a large modulation depth of 7.61% and 30.47% at 1 and 1.5 µm, respectively. Furthermore, at the higher excitation level at 1.5 µm, the saturable absorber exhibits a typical reverse saturable absorption property. Subsequently, the FeCoNiAlTi HEA on the tapered fiber first serves as the saturable absorber in the Yb‐doped fiber laser and the Er‐doped fiber laser, leading to the noise‐like pulses at 1 µm, and the stable Q‐switching, conventional soliton, and dissipative soliton resonance mode‐locking operations at 1.5 µm. This work confirms that the enhanced saturable absorption in HEAs can endow the high‐performance ultrashort pulse generation.
Facile Fabrication Technique of Polymeric Ionic Liquids‐Coated Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Tabata Keisuke , Makino Tsutomu , Matsuo Yoshimasa , Sinkus Rose , Masuhara Akito 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanoparticles and nanofibers are widely used as components of polymer electrolytes for membranes in fuel cells, and many surface modification methods are reported. However, some fabrication techniques are complicated, and it is necessary to develop a simplified and precise control method. Herein, a facile fabrication method is reported for core–shell nanoparticles hierarchically coated with polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) and hydrophobic polymers as a material for polymer electrolytes. A hierarchical polymer layer on the surface of the SiO2 nanoparticles is easily constructed by repeating the facile polymer‐coating technique based on precipitation polymerization several times. The highest proton conductivity of the core–shell nanoparticles is 1.3 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 95% relative humidity. Although the hydrophobic polymers coated as a protective layer reduce the proton conductivity, the formation of the PIL enhances the proton conductivity in various temperature and humidity environments. Therefore, the proposed method enables the facile fabrication of polymer layers with multiple functions, such as a proton‐conductive PIL layer and hydrophobic polymer layers as protective layers on the surface of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, they are expected to be applied to energy supply and gas separation, including polyelectrolytes, for the realization of a sustainable society.
From Theory to Therapy: The Advancements of Extracellular Vesicles in Immunotherapy
Authors: Piernitzki Nils , Staufer Oskar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid‐membrane‐enclosed particles released from cells, playing a pivotal role in cellular communication, particularly within the immune system. The fundamental molecular mechanisms through which EVs offer unique functionality for immunotherapeutic benefits are identified and reviewed. The focus is on three essential features, all rooted in the EV lipid membrane: immune receptor–ligand interactions at the EV membrane interface, the shielding of immunogenic cargo within the EVs, and the fusion of EVs with target cell membranes for direct cargo delivery. From this, how these distinct EV attributes, from their initial description and analysis in immune communication, have led to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies is traced. This review delves into how these strategies are applied in various immunotherapies, such as cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune diseases, infections, vaccinations, and graft‐versus‐host diseases, to modulate communication among different cell types for immune regulation. It is concluded by reviewing clinical trials involving EVs in immunotherapy that have effectively harnessed EVs' unique molecular mechanisms in clinical settings. Research and standardization efforts to maximize the potential impact of EVs on immunotherapy are further suggested.
Efferocyte‐Derived MCTRs Metabolically Prime Macrophages for Continual Efferocytosis via Rac1‐Mediated Activation of Glycolysis
Authors: Koenis Duco Steven , de Matteis Roberta , Rajeeve Vinothini , Cutillas Pedro , Dalli Jesmond 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClearance of multiple rounds of apoptotic cells (ACs) through continual efferocytosis is critical in the maintenance of organ function, the resolution of acute inflammation, and tissue repair. To date, little is known about the nature of mechanisms and factors that govern this fundamental process. Herein, the authors reported that breakdown of ACs leads to upregulation of 12‐lipoxygenase in macrophages. This enzyme converts docosahexaenoic acid to maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration (MCTRs). The levels of these autacoids are elevated at sites of high apoptotic burden in vivo and in efferocytosing macrophages in vitro. Abrogation of MCTR production using genetic approaches limits the ability of macrophages to perform continual efferocytosis both in vivo and in vitro, an effect that is rescued by add‐back of MCTRs. Mechanistically, MCTR‐mediated priming of macrophages for continual efferocytosis is dependent on alterations in Rac1 signalling and glycolytic metabolism. Inhibition of Rac1 abolishes the ability of MCTRs to increase glucose uptake and efferocytosis in vitro, whereas inhibition of glycolysis limits the MCTR‐mediated increases in efferocytosis and tissue repair. Together, these findings demonstrate that upregulation of MCTRs by efferocytosing macrophages plays a central role in the regulation of continual efferocytosis via the autocrine and paracrine modulation of metabolic pathways.
Polaron Vibronic Progression Shapes the Optical Response of 2D Perovskites
Authors: Dyksik Mateusz , Beret Dorian , Baranowski Michal , Duim Herman , Moyano Sébastien , Posmyk Katarzyna , Mlayah Adnen , Adjokatse Sampson , Maude Duncan K. , Loi Maria Antonietta , Puech Pascal , Plochocka Paulina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe optical response of 2D layered perovskites is composed of multiple equally‐spaced spectral features, often interpreted as phonon replicas, separated by an energy Δ ≃ 12 − 40 meV, depending upon the compound. Here the authors show that the characteristic energy spacing, seen in both absorption and emission, is correlated with a substantial scattering response above ≃ 200 cm−1 (≃ 25 meV) observed in resonant Raman. This peculiar high‐frequency signal, which dominates both Stokes and anti‐Stokes regions of the scattering spectra, possesses the characteristic spectral fingerprints of polarons. Notably, its spectral position is shifted away from the Rayleigh line, with a tail on the high energy side. The internal structure of the polaron consists of a series of equidistant signals separated by 25–32 cm−1 (3–4 meV), depending upon the compound, forming a polaron vibronic progression. The observed progression is characterized by a large Huang‐Rhys factor (S > 6) for all of the 2D layered perovskites investigated here, indicative of a strong charge carrier – lattice coupling. The polaron binding energy spans a range ≃ 20–35 meV, which is corroborated by the temperature‐dependent Raman scattering data. The investigation provides a complete understanding of the optical response of 2D layered perovskites via the direct observation of polaron vibronic progression. The understanding of polaronic effects in perovskites is essential, as it directly influences the suitability of these materials for future opto‐electronic applications.
Boosting the Performance of Photomultiplication‐Type Organic Photodiodes by Embedding CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Kang Mingyun , Lee Dong Hyeon , Kim Juhee , Nam Geon‐Hee , Baek Seyeon , Heo Seongmin , Noh Yong‐Young , Chung Dae Sung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study, it is demonstrated that CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) can enhance the overall performances of photomultiplication‐type organic photodiodes (PM‐OPDs). The proposed approach enables the ionic‐polarizable CsPbBr3 NCs to be evenly distributed throughout the depletion region of Schottky junction interface, allowing the entire trapped electrons within the depletion region to be stabilized, in contrast to previously reported interface‐limited strategies. The optimized CsPbBr3‐NC‐embedded poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐diyl)‐based PM‐OPDs exhibit exceptionally high external quantum efficiency, specific detectivity, and gain–bandwidth product of 2,840,000%, 3.97 × 1015 Jones, and 2.14 × 107 Hz, respectively. 2D grazing‐incidence X–ray diffraction analyses and drift–diffusion simulations combined with temperature‐dependent J–V characteristic analyses are conducted to investigate the physics behind the success of CsPbBr3‐NC‐embedded PM‐OPDs. The results show that the electrostatic interactions generated by the ionic polarization of NCs effectively stabilize the trapped electrons throughout the entire volume of the photoactive layer, thereby successfully increasing the effective energy depth of the trap states and allowing efficient PM mechanisms. This study demonstrates how a hybrid‐photoactive‐layer approach can further enhance PM‐OPD when the functionality of inorganic inclusions meets the requirements of the target device.
Hydrolysis of Solid Buffer Enables High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Cheng Hao , Zhang Shichao , Guo Wenxuan , Wu Qian , Shen Zeyu , Wang Linlin , Zhong Wei , Li Di , Zhang Bing , Liu Chengwu , Wang Yewu , Lu Yingying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc (Zn) ion batteries (AZIBs) have not yet fulfilled their talent of high safety and low cost since the anode/electrolyte interface (AEI) has long been impeded by hydrogen evolution, surface corrosion, dendritic growth, and by‐product accumulation. Here, the hydrolysis of solid buffers is elaborately proposed to comprehensively and enduringly handle these issues. Take 2D layered black phosphorus (BP) as a hydrolytic subject. It is reported that the phosphoric acid generated by hydrolysis in an aqueous electrolyte produces a zinc phosphate (ZPO) rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, which largely inhibits the dendrite growth, surface corrosion, and hydrogen evolution. Meanwhile, the hydrolytic phosphoric acid stabilizes the pH value near AEI, avoiding the accumulation of alkaline by‐products. Notably, compared with the disposable ZPO engineerings of anodic SEI pre‐construction and electrolyte additive, the hydrolysis strategy of BP can realize a dramatically prolonged protective effect. As a result, these multiple merits endow BP modified separator to achieve improved stripping/plating stability toward Zn anode with more than ten times lifespan enhancement in Zn||Zn symmetrical cell. More encouragingly, when coupled with a V2O5·nH2O cathode with ultra‐high loadings (34.1 and 28.7 mg cm−2), the cumulative capacities are remarkably promoted for both coin and pouch cells.
A Review on Covalent Organic Frameworks as Artificial Interface Layers for Li and Zn Metal Anodes in Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yunyu , Feng Kaiyong , Yu Yingjian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLi and Zn metals are considered promising negative electrode materials for the next generation of rechargeable metal batteries because of their non‐toxicity and high theoretical capacity. However, the uneven deposition of metal ions (Li+, Zn2+) and the uncontrolled growth of dendrites result in poor electrochemical stability, unsatisfactory cycle life, and rapid capacity decay of batteries assembled with Li and Zn electrodes. Owing to the unique internal directional channels and abundant redox active sites of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), they can be used to promote uniform deposition of metal ions during stripping/electroplating through interface modification strategies, thereby inhibiting dendrite growth. COFs provide a new perspective in addressing the challenges faced by the anodes of Li metal batteries and Zn ion batteries. This article discusses the stability and types of COFs, and summarizes some novel COF synthesis methods. Additionally, it reviews the latest progress and optimization methods of using COFs for metal anodes to improve battery performance. Finally, the main challenges faced in these areas are discussed. This review will inspire future research on metal anodes in rechargeable batteries.
Copper‐Metallized Porous N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand Polymer‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective 1,2‐Carboboration of Alkynes
Authors: Jia Jun‐Song , Luo Jin‐Rong , Li Wen‐Hao , Cui Fei‐Hu , Pan Ying‐Ming , Tang Hai‐Tao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlkenylboronates are highly versatile building blocks and valuable reagents in the synthesis of complex molecules. Compared with that of monosubstituted alkenylboronates, the synthesis of multisubstituted alkenylboronates is challenging. The copper‐catalyzed carboboration of alkynes is an operationally simple and straightforward method for synthesizing bis/trisubstituted alkenylboronates. In this work, a series of copper‐metallized N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) ligand porous polymer catalysts are designed and synthesized in accordance with the mechanism of carboboration. By using CuCl@POL‐NHC‐Ph as the optimal nanocatalyst, this study realizes the β‐regio‐ and stereoselective (syn‐addition) 1,2‐carboboration of alkynes (regioselectivity up to >99:1) with satisfactory yields and a wide range of substrates. This work not only overcomes the selectivity of carboboration but also provides a new strategy for the design of nanocatalysts and their application in organic synthesis.
Active Material‐Free Continuous Carbon Nanotube Fibers with Unprecedented Enhancement of Physicochemical Properties for Fiber‐Type Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Yu Hayoung , Kim Jeong‐Gil , Lee Dong‐Myeong , Lee Sungju , Han Min Gook , Park Ji‐Woon , Kim Seung Min , Kim Nam Dong , Jeong Hyeon Su 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFiber‐type solid‐state supercapacitors (FSSCs) are gaining traction as wearable energy storage devices, given their adaptability akin to traditional fibers. Carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) generated via a liquid crystalline (LC) wet‐spinning process demonstrate outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and flexibility. However, their intrinsic “defect‐free” sp2 carbon surface restricts immediate FSSC application, limited by lower specific surface area and scant pseudocapacitive sites. This study develops LC‐spun CNTFs with inherent electrochemical activity, eliminating the need for post‐processing or additional active materials, a requirement typically essential in most previous research. This advancement arises from the wet‐spinning of functionalized CNTs from a LC solution with an exceptionally high concentration of 160 mg mL−1, facilitated by the manipulation of the LC phase transition range. The resultant CNTFs exhibit a refined internal structure, yielding an electrical conductivity of 1.9 MS m−1 and a mechanical strength of 0.93 GPa. Simultaneously, they demonstrate inherent electrical energy storage capabilities with a specific capacitance of 139.4 F g−1 and a volumetric capacitance of 192.4 F cm−3 at 0.5 A g−1. This innovation signifies a step forward in the potential for mass production without the burden of additional materials and steps.
Should we consider integrated crop–livestock systems for ecosystem services, carbon sequestration, and agricultural resilience to climate change?
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J. , Hendrickson John R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractContemporary agricultural systems can be generalized as highly specialized operations that are fueled by mechanization; supplied with external nutrients to maximize production; crops protected by petrochemicals to fight against weed, disease, and insect pressures; and livestock protected by therapeutics to ward off virus and bacterial infections when managed in confinement. Such specialized systems have led to low levels of diversity, elevated environmental risks from contamination, loss of soil organic matter, ecological instability, and limited adaptability to climate change. More diversified farming systems are possible, but research required to characterize them in a holistic manner as an alternative to contemporary, specialized systems remains challenging to fund and sustain over time, primarily because they require more labor, management skills, and accessible markets to achieve additional ecological, environmental, and social goals. We share some perspectives as to (1) how specialized systems became the norm and (2) what changes could be made to reverse some ecological risks and environmental declines associated with specialization, acknowledging there is no panacea. Strong evidence exists for perennial forages to restore soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen, but system‐level analyses of the net balance in greenhouse gas emissions remain to be characterized in the myriad of potential integrated crop–livestock systems that might be deployed across the diversity of edaphic, environmental, and socio‐economic conditions. We suggest there are abundant opportunities for more sustainable agricultural production to sequester soil organic C, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and develop more climate‐resilient agricultural systems that will be needed in a future dominated by climate change issues.
Soil carbon and nitrogen responses to forage cropping systems following irrigation retirement
Authors: Paye Wooiklee S. , Lauriault Leonard M. , Acharya Pramod , Ghimire Rajan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLimited annual precipitation and increasing scarcity of irrigation water are forcing farmers in arid and semi‐arid regions to convert irrigated fields into dryland farming, yet their impacts on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions are not fully understood. This study evaluated changes in soil C and N fractions and forage production under four cropping systems after irrigation retirement in a semi‐arid condition. Treatments included an annual winter wheat forage (Triticum aestivum L.) (AWW), a perennial wheat (PW) forage (T. aestivum L. × Thinopyrum spp.) (PW), a mixture of native grasses (NG), and a pasture crop (PC = AWW and NG mixture). Evaluation of various soil C and N fractions, forage dry matter yield, and nutritive value parameters suggested that soil inorganic N and potentially mineralizable N (PMN) were 38%–45% and 36%–44% greater in autumn 2020 and 62%–68% and 46%–55% greater in spring 2021 under AWW and PW, respectively, than NG and PC. Soil potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC) was 58%–129% and 64%–138% greater under NG and PW than AWW and PC. The responses of other soil C and N fractions varied with soil sampling dates but not with crops or crop × sampling date interaction. Total forage dry matter yield was 4016, 7849, 12,517, and 13,869 kg ha−1 for AWW, PW, PC, and NG, respectively, and PW had the best forage nutritive value. These results suggest soil C and N mineralization could be enhanced by adopting perennial systems, including NG, PW, and PC, while PW maintains good‐quality forage production.
Growing up with Marshall syndrome: A case report from infancy to age 12.5 years
Authors: Harris Susan R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMarshall syndrome is an extremely rare genetic disorder usually diagnosed in infancy with a prevalence of <1 in 1 million. Based on the literature reviewed, this is the first case report to provide a longitudinal history of a child with Marshall syndrome (from birth to age 12.5 years). This longitudinal case report arose in part from desires of this child's parents to share the story of their early fears at her initial diagnosis and compare those to how well she has turned out.
Utility of hospital frailty risk score in predicting postoperative outcomes of sinonasal malignancies
Authors: Kandula Rema Anisha , Linquest Lauren A. , Kandregula Sandeep , Latour Mackenzie , Ahmed Omar G. , Yim Michael T. 
Published: December 2023

Key points
Hospital frailty risk score (HFRS) correlates with complications, length of stay, and non‐routine discharge.
HFRS is a better predictor of postsurgical sequelae than age and Elixhauser comorbidity index.