bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Science Footprint of Richard P. Baum
Authors: Prior John O. , Nicod Lalonde Marie , Schaefer Niklaus , Schottelius Margret 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDetermining the scientific footprint of a given author is not easy, as many bibliometric metrics exist and none can capture the full extent to which someone has fed the field with knowledge and changed the course of science. Using existing databases (Web of Science and iCite from the National Institute of Health), we tried to capture the impact of the work of Richard P. Baum over the last four decades. His works led to over 11,000 citations in the literature with highly cited articles, even when using the latest more valid practice of comparing the relative citation ratio that captures the scientific productivity independent of the field of study.
Sola Dosis Facit Venenum: Dosimetry for Molecular Radiotherapy in Bad Berka
Authors: Schuchardt Christiane 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe estimation of the absorbed dose is an essential factor for the determination of risks and therapeutic benefit of internal radiation therapies. Optimal dose estimations require time-consuming and sophisticated methods, which are difficult owing to practical purposes mainly related to the patients’ status and physical reasons. Nevertheless, to make patient-specific dosimetry available, we use a special developed dosimetry procedure, which can be used in daily clinical routine.The so-called Bad Berka Dose Protocol (BBDP) is a hybrid method based on serial planar whole body scans and SPECT/CT acquisitions and represents a compromise between the calculation model and practical conditions. It has ensured dose estimation in daily clinical routine with a reasonable effort and within acceptable time. Our protocol allows each of our patients to undergo dosimetry after therapy using Lu-177-labeled radiopharmaceuticals, especially PRRT or PSMA RLT.In consequence, dosimetry based on our protocol helps to identify optimal ligands, for PRRT as well as for PSMA RLT. It helps to plan the individual treatment. Additionally, dosimetry is important for the evaluation of the therapy: concerning response, benefit and toxicity. Besides PRRT and PRLT, the BBDP can be used to make dose estimations for all kinds of different tracers. Dosimetry adds a lot of important information to clinical and medical facts in order to find the optimal therapeutic path for each individual patient.
Molecular Imaging Platform and Radiopharmaceutical Translational Research on Peking University Cancer Hospital
Authors: Yang Zhi , Meng Xiangxi , Guo Xiaoyi , Zhu Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOn August 27, 2019, the signing ceremony for the cooperation between Peking University Cancer Hospital (PKUCH) and the International Centers for Precision Oncology (ICPO) was held successfully in the scientific research building of PKUCH-NM. The research interests of the PKUCH-NM include nuclear medicine clinical research, as well as the development of multimodality/multiplexed molecular probes for tumor diagnosis and therapy.
Sustainable Development of Recent High-Rise Timber Buildings
Authors: Bahrami Alireza , Rashid S. M. Priok 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh-rise timber building construction is becoming increasingly common across the world as construction and woodworking technology advances. The world is moving toward more sustainable development, and products like cross-laminated timber offer economical options for reducing the environmental impact. This chapter contributes to the theory and practice of sustainability assessment and extends the knowledge about high-rise timber buildings. The tallest timber buildings in different countries, such as Mjøstårnet and Treet in Norway and Brock Commons in Canada, are compared across the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social). According to previous research, none of the buildings are at the top in terms of sustainability, but the Brock Commons building in Canada has received the highest rank in all dimensions of sustainability. The issue of fire resistance for timber structures involves a paradox because it is widely recognized that heavy timber construction has outstanding fire resistance in severe fires. Design for burnout may require full or partial encapsulation of timber. Moreover, prefabrication of elements reduces duration and cost of projects. The goal of this chapter is to evaluate and assess the most effective modern high-rise timber buildings from both financial and environmental perspectives.
Development of Sustainable Concrete Using Treated Bamboo Reinforcement
Authors: Nagaraju T. Vamsi , Bahrami Alireza 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the expanding global population and rising per capita consumption, there has been an increase in the demand for environmentally friendly building materials in recent years. Moreover, the quest for steel and cement alternatives has become more crucial. Any substitute materials must be reasonably priced, fast growing, equivalent in the strength and characteristics, and environmentally friendly. In the current chapter, first, a tensile strength test was conducted on available bamboo strips to determine their ultimate strength and other engineering characteristics. Then, bitumen and epoxy resin were applied to bamboo to investigate the effects of two alternative adhesives on the bond resistance offered with the contact of the bamboo structural specimen. Moreover, experiments were performed on steel and bamboo-reinforced concrete beams to further study the load-carrying capacity, deflection, ductility, stiffness, and energy absorption. In addition, beams were subjected to a two-point stress test to examine how they respond to bending. These experiments indicated that when treated properly, bamboo can replace steel as structural reinforcement in concrete beams.
Gravitational wave signature of generic disappearance of Z2-symmetry breaking domain walls
Authors: Banerjee Piyali , Yajnik Urjit A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Breaking of discrete parity at high scale gives rise to Z2-domain walls (DW). The metastability of such walls can make them relatively long lived and contradict standard cosmology. We consider two classes of theories with similar underlying feature, the left right symmetric theories and two Higgs doublet models. Both of them possess some breaking of Z2 discrete symmetries. As a first step, domains form at a high energy scale during parity breaking. In the second step, these domains further decompose into subdomains due to Z2 symmetry breaking in two Higgs doublet models closer to the electroweak scale. We show that after this two step formation of domains and subdomains, a QCD instanton induced energy difference can remove the domain walls as well as the subdomain walls at around the same time successfully. The removal occurs purely as the result of a chance event taking place with probability very close to 0.25, and does not require one to introduce any non-renormalisable Z2-symmetry breaking term to the Lagrangian. We then investigate the gravitational waves arising from the collapse of such domain walls and show that the peak frequency of these waves lies in the 10−7–10−6 Hz band, corresponding to annihilation temperatures of 1–10 GeV. This frequency band is sensitive to pulsar timing array based experiments such as SKA and NANOGrav. The recent NANOGrav results rule out our DW collapse model for higher values of parity breaking scale above 107 GeV. Our DW collapse model with parity breaking scales below 107 GeV remains consistent with the current NANOGrav results and has a good chance of being seriously tested in future pulsar timing based experiments.
de Sitter-eating O-planes in supercritical string theory
Authors: Junghans Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
It has been proposed that flux compactifications of supercritical string theories (i.e., with spacetime dimension D > 10) have dS vacua, with large D acting as a control parameter for corrections to the classical spacetime effective action. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis of the self-consistency of such models, focussing on α′ and backreaction corrections. We first show that all supercritical AdS, Minkowski and dS vacua in this setting have $$ \gtrsim \mathcal{O}(1) $$
≳
O

1

curvature and/or field strengths in the string frame. This may be in tension with suppressing α′ corrections unless the coefficients of the higher-derivative terms have a sufficiently strong large-D suppression. We then argue that an additional and more severe problem arises in the dS case due to the backreaction of O-planes. In particular, we argue using a combination of geometric bounds and string-theory constraints that the O-plane backreaction is large in supercritical dS models. This implies that a large part of the naive classical geometry is eaten up by singular holes and thus indicates a breakdown of the classical description. Our finding resonates with several other recent results suggesting that string theory does not admit dS vacua in regimes where string and backreaction corrections are under control. As byproducts of our analysis, we derive a number of technical results that are useful beyond the specific applications in this paper. In particular, we compute the leading backreaction corrections to the smeared solution in a general flux compactification from D to d dimensions for an arbitrary distribution of O-planes and D-branes. We further argue for a general estimate for Green’s functions on compact manifolds (and therefore for the backreaction corrections) in terms of their diameter, volume and dimension.
Biological treatment evaluation in thermoradiotherapy: application in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Kok H. P. , Herrera T. D. , Crezee J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hyperthermia treatment quality is usually evaluated by thermal (dose) parameters, though hyperthermic radiosensitization effects are also influenced by the time interval between the two modalities. This work applies biological modelling for clinical treatment evaluation of cervical cancer patients treated with radiotherapy plus hyperthermia by calculating the equivalent radiation dose (EQDRT, i.e., the dose needed for the same effect with radiation alone). Subsequent analyses evaluate the impact of logistics.

Methods
Biological treatment evaluation was performed for 58 patients treated with 23–28 fractions of 1.8–2 Gy plus 4–5 weekly hyperthermia sessions. Measured temperatures (T50) and recorded time intervals between the radiotherapy and hyperthermia sessions were used to calculate the EQDRT using an extended linear quadratic (LQ) model with hyperthermic LQ parameters based on extensive experimental data. Next, the impact of a 30-min time interval (optimized logistics) as well as a 4‑h time interval (suboptimal logistics) was evaluated.

Results
Median average measured T50 and recorded time intervals were 41.2 °C (range 39.7–42.5 °C) and 79 min (range 34–125 min), respectively, resulting in a median total dose enhancement (D50) of 5.5 Gy (interquartile range [IQR] 4.0–6.6 Gy). For 30-min time intervals, the enhancement would increase by ~30% to 7.1 Gy (IQR 5.5–8.1 Gy; p < 0.001). In case of 4‑h time intervals, an ~ 40% decrease in dose enhancement could be expected: 3.2 Gy (IQR 2.3–3.8 Gy; p < 0.001). Normal tissue enhancement was negligible (< 0.3 Gy), even for short time intervals.

Conclusion
Biological treatment evaluation is a useful addition to standard thermal (dose) evaluation of hyperthermia treatments. Optimizing logistics to shorten time intervals seems worthwhile to improve treatment efficacy.
Artificial intelligence and modern planned economies: a discussion on methods and institutions
Authors: Samothrakis Spyridon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterest in computerised central economic planning (CCEP) has seen a resurgence, as there is strong demand for an alternative vision to modern free (or not so free) market liberal capitalism. Given the close links of CCEP with what we would now broadly call artificial intelligence (AI)—e.g. optimisation, game theory, function approximation, machine learning, automated reasoning—it is reasonable to draw direct analogues and perform an analysis that would help identify what commodities and institutions we should see for a CCEP programme to become successful. Following this analysis, we conclude that a CCEP economy would need to have a very different outlook from current market practices, with a focus on producing basic “interlinking” commodities (e.g. tools, processed materials, instruction videos) that consumers can use as a form of collective R &D. On an institutional level, CCEP should strive for the release of basic commodities that empower consumers by having as many alternative uses as possible, but also making sure that a baseline of basic necessities is widely available.
Lovers, not fighters: docility influences reproductive fitness, but not survival, in male Cape ground squirrels, Xerus inauris
Authors: Warrington Miyako H. , Beaulieu Sienna , Jellicoe Riley , Vos Sjoerd , Bennett Nigel C. , Waterman Jane M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOver their lifetime, individuals may use different behavioural strategies to maximize their fitness. Some behavioural traits may be consistent among individuals over time (i.e., ‘personality’ traits) resulting in an individual behavioural phenotype with different associated costs and benefits. Understanding how behavioural traits are linked to lifetime fitness requires tracking individuals over their lifetime. Here, we leverage a long-term study on a multi-year living species (maximum lifespan ~ 10 years) to examine how docility (an individual’s reaction to trapping and handling) may contribute to how males are able to maximize their lifetime fitness. Cape ground squirrels are burrowing mammals that live in social groups, and although males lack physical aggression and territoriality, they vary in docility. Males face high predation risk and high reproductive competition and employ either of two reproductive tactics (‘natal’ or ‘band’) which are not associated with different docility personalities. We found that although more docile individuals sired more offspring on an annual basis, docility did not affect an individual’s long-term (lifetime) reproductive output. Survival was not associated with docility or body condition, but annual survival was influenced by rainfall. Our findings suggest that although docility may represent a behavioural strategy to maximize fitness by possibly playing a role in female-male associations or female mate-choice, variations in docility within our study population is likely maintained by other environmental drivers. However, individual variations in behaviours may still contribute as part of the ‘tool kit’ individuals use to maximize their lifetime fitness.
Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT in evaluating coronary stent patency: a comparison to invasive coronary angiography
Authors: Hagar Muhammad Taha , Soschynski Martin , Saffar Ruben , Molina-Fuentes Moisés Felipe , Weiss Jakob , Rau Alexander , Schuppert Christopher , Ruile Philipp , Faby Sebastian , Schibilsky David , von zur Muehlen Constantin , Schlett Christopher L. , Bamberg Fabian , Krauss Tobias 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT angiography (UHR PCD-CTA) for evaluating coronary stent patency compared to invasive coronary angiography (ICA).

Methods
Consecutive, clinically referred patients with prior coronary stent implantation were prospectively enrolled between August 2022 and March 2023 and underwent UHR PCD-CTA (collimation, 120 × 0.2 mm). Two radiologists independently analyzed image quality of the in-stent lumen using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (“excellent”) to 5 (“non-diagnostic”), and assessed all coronary stents for the presence of in-stent stenosis (≥ 50% lumen narrowing). The diagnostic accuracy of UHR PCD-CTA was determined, with ICA serving as the standard of reference.

Results
A total of 44 coronary stents in 18 participants (mean age, 83 years ± 6 [standard deviation]; 12 women) were included in the analysis. In 3/44 stents, both readers described image quality as non-diagnostic, whereas reader 2 noted a fourth stent to have non-diagnostic image quality. In comparison to ICA, UHR PCD-CTA demonstrated a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100% (95% CI [confidence interval] 47.8, 100), 92.3% (95% CI 79.1, 98.4), and 93.2% (95% CI 81.3, 98.6) for reader 1 and 100% (95% CI 47.8, 100), 87.2% (95% CI 72.6, 95.7), and 88.6% (95% CI 75.4, 96.2) for reader 2, respectively. Both readers observed a 100% negative predictive value (36/36 stents and 34/34 stents). Stent patency inter-reader agreement was 90.1%, corresponding to a substantial Cohen’s kappa value of 0.72.

Conclusions
UHR PCD-CTA enables non-invasive assessment of coronary stent patency with high image quality and diagnostic accuracy.

Clinical relevance statement
Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT angiography represents a reliable and non-invasive method for assessing coronary stent patency. Its high negative predictive value makes it a promising alternative over invasive coronary angiography for the rule-out of in-stent stenosis.

Key Points
• CT-based evaluation of coronary stent patency is limited by stent-induced artifacts and spatial resolution.
• Ultra-high-resolution photon-counting detector CT accurately evaluates coronary stent patency compared to invasive coronary angiography.
• Photon-counting detector CT represents a promising method for the non-invasive rule-out of in-stent stenosis.
Development and validation of a clinical decision support system based on PSA, microRNAs, and MRI for the detection of prostate cancer
Authors: Mazzetti Simone , Defeudis Arianna , Nicoletti Giulia , Chiorino Giovanna , De Luca Stefano , Faletti Riccardo , Gatti Marco , Gontero Paolo , Manfredi Matteo , Mello-Grand Maurizia , Peraldo-Neia Caterina , Zitella Andrea , Porpiglia Francesco , Regge Daniele , Giannini Valentina 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aims of this study are to develop and validate a clinical decision support system based on demographics, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), microRNA (miRNA), and MRI for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinical significant (cs) PCa, and to assess if this system performs better compared to MRI alone.

Methods
This retrospective, multicenter, observational study included 222 patients (mean age 66, range 46-75 years) who underwent prostate MRI, miRNA (let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p) assessment, and biopsy. Monoparametric and multiparametric models including age, PSA, miRNA, and MRI outcome were trained on 65% of the data and then validated on the remaining 35% to predict both PCa (any Gleason grade [GG]) and csPCa (GG ≥ 2 vs GG = 1/negative). Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated.

Results
MRI outcome was the best predictor in the monoparametric model for both detection of PCa, with sensitivity of 90% (95%CI 73–98%) and NPV of 93% (95%CI 82–98%), and for csPCa identification, with sensitivity of 91% (95%CI 72–99%) and NPV of 95% (95%CI 84–99%). Sensitivity and NPV of PSA + miRNA for the detection of csPCa were not statistically different from the other models including MRI alone.

Conclusion
MRI stand-alone yielded the best prediction models for both PCa and csPCa detection in biopsy-naïve patients. The use of miRNAs let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p did not improve classification performances compared to MRI stand-alone results.

Clinical relevance statement
The use of miRNA (let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p), PSA, and MRI in a clinical decision support system (CDSS) does not improve MRI stand-alone performance in the detection of PCa and csPCa.

Key Points
• Clinical decision support systems including MRI improve the detection of both prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer with respect to PSA test and/or microRNA.
• The use of miRNAs let-7a-5p and miR-103a-3p did not significantly improve MRI stand-alone performance.
• Results of this study were in line with previous works on MRI and microRNA.
Population-based incidence of psoriasis vulgaris in Germany: analysis of national statutory insurance data from 65 million population
Authors: Deike Madeline , Wang Jiancong , Brinks Ralph , Meller Stephan , Ocker Lennart , Bechara Falk G. , Distler Jörg H. W. , Baraliakos Xenofon , Kiefer David , Sewerin Philipp 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInformation on the population-based incidence of psoriasis vulgaris was limited. This study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the age-specific and sex-specific incidence of psoriasis vulgaris in Germany. The data were obtained in the context of a morbidity-based risk adjustment by statutory health insurance companies in Germany, comprising information regarding 65 million population. Psoriasis vulgaris diagnoses were made and coded according to the 10th edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Age-specific and sex-specific incidences were calculated using data from 2009 to 2011. There was a rise in the age- and sex-specific incidences of psoriasis vulgaris through midlife, reaching a peak at the age of 60 and subsequently declining for both genders. The peak incidence for men, at 130 cases per 100,000 person-years, slightly exceeded the peak incidence for women of 117 per 100,000 person-years. An increase in the overall incidence rate can also be observed over the course of the three-year period covered by the data. Considerable variations in the age- and sex-specific incidences of psoriasis vulgaris can be seen across the lifespan. Nevertheless, the overall age-standardized incidence for the German population was low compared to other European countries.
Knowledge-based modeling of simulation behavior for Bayesian optimization
Authors: Huber Felix , Bürkner Paul-Christian , Göddeke Dominik , Schulte Miriam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNumerical simulations consist of many components that affect the simulation accuracy and the required computational resources. However, finding an optimal combination of components and their parameters under constraints can be a difficult, time-consuming and often manual process. Classical adaptivity does not fully solve the problem, as it comes with significant implementation cost and is difficult to expand to multi-dimensional parameter spaces. Also, many existing data-based optimization approaches treat the optimization problem as a black-box, thus requiring a large amount of data. We present a constrained, model-based Bayesian optimization approach that avoids black-box models by leveraging existing knowledge about the simulation components and properties of the simulation behavior. The main focus of this paper is on the stochastic modeling ansatz for simulation error and run time as optimization objective and constraint, respectively. To account for data covering multiple orders of magnitude, our approach operates on a logarithmic scale. The models use a priori knowledge of the simulation components such as convergence orders and run time estimates. Together with suitable priors for the model parameters, the model is able to make accurate predictions of the simulation behavior. Reliably modeling the simulation behavior yields a fast optimization procedure because it enables the optimizer to quickly indicate promising parameter values. We test our approach experimentally using the multi-scale muscle simulation framework OpenDiHu and show that we successfully optimize the time step widths in a time splitting approach in terms of minimizing the overall error under run time constraints.