bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-enhanced abbreviated MRI as a periodic surveillance protocol for colorectal liver metastases compared with contrast-enhanced CT: a prospective observational study
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Ye Lechi , Miao Gengyun , Rao Shengxiang , Zeng Mengsu , Liu Liheng 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Adopting appropriate noninvasive radiological method is crucial for periodic surveillance of liver metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients after surgery, which is closely related to clinical management and prognosis. This study aimed to prospectively enroll stage II-III CRC patients for the surveillance of liver metastases, and compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) and non-enhanced abbreviated MRI (NE-AMRI) during this process.

Methods:
587 CRC patients undergoing radical resection of the primary tumor were evaluated by 1 to 3 rounds of surveillance tests, consisting of abdominal CE-CT and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) within 7 days at 6-month intervals. Subsequently, images of NE-AMRI were extracted from the CE-MRI examination, paired CE-CT and NE-AMRI analysis were performed. The lesion-based detection rates between two protocols were compared and a subgroup analysis was performed in lesions with the size of ≤ 10 mm. The patient-based sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and the areas under the curves (AUCs) of CE-CT and NE-AMRI in each round were evaluated. Finally, the relationship between the diagnostic accuracy of two protocols and characteristics of patients was explored.

Results:
The lesion-based detection rates of NE-AMRI in three rounds were all significantly higher than that of CE-CT (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). In the subgroup analysis of lesions ≤ 10 mm, NE-AMRI also performed better than CE-CT (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.005, respectively). The patient-based sensitivities, specificities, NPVs, PPVs of NE-AMRI were higher than those of CE-CT in three rounds of surveillance. The AUCs for NE-AMRI were all significantly better than that for CE-CT in each round (p = 0.015, p = 0.045, p = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, patient BMI and fatty liver disease had impacts on the diagnostic accuracy of CE-CT protocol, but not on NE-AMRI protocol.

Conclusion:
NE-AMRI may be a promising periodic surveillance tool for CRC patients after surgery to increase diagnostic accuracy of liver metastases, developing personalized clinical management and improving prognosis, simultaneously avoiding side-effects associated with ionizing radiation and contrast agents.
The efficacy of diltiazem, glyceryl trinitrate, nifedipine, minoxidil, and lidocaine for the medical management of anal fissure: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Cong , Ni Jing , Xiong Yi , Chen Jinlan , Li Binting , Xu Li 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Anal fissure (AF) is a common anorectal condition causing pain, bleeding, and other perianal discomfort. This study conducts a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of pharmacological treatments for AF, including diltiazem, glyceryl trinitrate, nifedipine, minoxidil, and Lidocaine.

Methods:
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review and network meta-analysis were performed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing non-surgical treatments for AF were sourced from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Medline. The primary outcome was AF healing, with secondary outcomes including recurrence rates, pain reduction (visual analog scale), and adverse effects. Statistical analysis utilized odds ratios and SUCRA (Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking) values for treatment ranking.

Results:
Twenty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving a total of 1,770 participants were included in the analysis. Nifedipine demonstrated the highest healing rate, followed by diltiazem and minoxidil. Lidocaine exhibited the lowest healing rate. Diltiazem had the lowest recurrence rate and was the most effective in pain reduction, whereas lidocaine had the highest recurrence rate and was the least effective in alleviating pain. The incidence of adverse effects with minoxidil was relatively low, second only to lidocaine, while glyceryl trinitrate had the highest rate of adverse effects.

Conclusion:
Nifedipine had the highest healing rate and should be considered as a first-line non-surgical treatment for anal fissures. Given the elevated incidence of adverse reactions associated with nitroglycerin, its use should be avoided in order to minimize the risk of significant toxicities and side effects. Additionally, because of its outstanding analgesic properties, diltiazem is recommended as the preferred option for patients with heightened sensitivity to pain, but more studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy.
Construction of an Artificially Intelligent Model for Accurate Detection of HCC by Integrating Clinical, Radiological, and Peripheral Immunological Features
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Chi Shengqiang , Tian Yu , Li Xueyao , Zhang Hang , Xu Yiting , Huang Chao , Gao Yiwei , Jin Gaowei , Fu Qihan , Cao Wanyue , Chen Cao , Ding Haonan , Zhang Yuquan , Hong Yupeng , Li Junjian , Sun Xu , Li Enliang , Zhang Yuhua , Yao Weiyun , Liu Runtian , Hua Yongfei , Huang Haifeng , Xu Minghui , Zhang Bo , Tao Weifeng , Yang Tianxing , Gao Yuming , Wang Xiaoguang , Lin Cheng , Li Jingsong , Zhang Qi , Liang Tingbo 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Integrating comprehensive information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is essential to improve its early detection. We aimed to develop a model with multi-modal features (MMF) using artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to enhance the performance of HCC detection.

Materials and methods:
A total of 1,092 participants were enrolled from 16 centers. These participants were allocated into the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts. Peripheral blood specimens were collected prospectively and subjected to mass cytometry analysis. Clinical and radiological data were obtained from electrical medical records. Various AI methods were employed to identify pertinent features and construct single-modal models with optimal performance. The XGBoost algorithm was utilized to amalgamate these models, integrating multi-modal information and facilitating the development of a fusion model. Model evaluation and interpretability were demonstrated using the SHapley Additive exPlanations method.

Results:
We constructed the electronic health record, BioScore, RadiomicScore, and DLScore models based on clinical, radiological, and peripheral immunological features, respectively. Subsequently, these single-modal models were amalgamated to develop an all-in-one MMF model. The MMF model exhibited enhanced performance compared to models comprising only single-modal features in detecting HCC. This superiority in performance was confirmed through the internal and external validation cohorts, yielding area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.985 and 0.915, respectively. Additionally, the MMF model improved the detection ability in subpopulations of HCCs that were negative for alpha-fetoprotein and those with small size, with AUC values of 0.974 and 0.996, respectively.

Conclusions:
Integrating multi-modal features improved the performance of the model for HCC detection.
Prevalence of colonoscopy-related adverse events in older adults aged over 65 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Qing , Lv Xiu-He , Tang Li , Yan Hai-Lin , Xia Bi-Han , Wang Zhu , Yang Jin-Lin 
Published: January 2025

Background:
This study aims to assess the occurrence of colonoscopy-related adverse events (AEs) in adults aged over 65 years, as there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of colonoscopies among the elderly compared to two decades ago.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted on June 3rd, 2024, using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Meta-analyses were performed using the generalized linear mixed model, and the results were presented as pooled rates with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
We retrieved a total of 15,417 records and included 13 population-based studies. The overall rates of colonoscopy-related perforation and bleeding in the elderly population were 7.8 (95% CI 5.5-11.2; I2 = 94%) and 23.5 (95% CI 9.0-61.3; I2 = 100%) per 10,000 colonoscopies, respectively. The “ > 80 years” group had a significantly higher risk of perforation (RR 2.55; 95% CI 1.15-5.66; I2 = 79%) and bleeding (RR 1.23; 95% CI 1.02-1.48; I2 = 0%) compared to the “65-80 years” group. For screening colonoscopies, the rates of perforation and bleeding were 8.5 (95% CI 7.1-10.2; I2 = 0%) and 27 (95%CI 9.0-81.0; I2 = 99%) per 10,000 colonoscopies, respectively. For diagnostic colonoscopies, the rates of perforation and bleeding were 18 (95% CI 16.2-20.0; I2 = 1%) and 16 (95% CI 8.1-31.3; I2 = 98%) per 10,000 colonoscopies, respectively. Compared to non-therapeutic colonoscopies, therapeutic procedures exhibited higher rates of both perforation (1.5 vs. 0.4 per 10,000 colonoscopies) and bleeding (7.1 vs. 0.5 per 10,000 colonoscopies). The prevalence of cardiopulmonary AEs in elderly population is relatively high, although the definition used vary across different studies.

Conclusions:
We conducted a comprehensive analysis on the prevalence of AEs related to colonoscopy in older adults. Overall, the AEs rates remain low. However, we emphasize the importance of enhancing safety protocols to further minimize risks, ensuring that the benefits of colonoscopy continue to outweigh the risks, especially for patients over the age of 80.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Orthopedic Device-Related Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guan Yaqi , Zheng Lidan , Zhu Yueying 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
As orthopedic trauma increases, the resultant use of orthopedic devices and associated pressure injuries has increased.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors for orthopedic device-related pressure injuries.

METHODS:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClNAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database from their inception until November 30, 2023. The population included adult orthopedic surgery patients aged 18 and older. Studies included case-control, cohort, or cross-sectional designs reporting risk factors, incidence, or predictors of orthopedic device-related pressure injuries published in Chinese or English. Exclusion criteria included unavailable full text, duplicate publications, reviews, animal studies, and conference abstracts. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the literature.

RESULTS:
A total of eight papers involving 3,783 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of orthopedic device-related pressure injuries was 12.0%. Significant risk factors included duration of device wear [OR 1.197, 95% Cl (1.025, 1.369), p = .016] and the length of stay [OR 1.144, 95% CI (1.096, 1.199), p < .001].

CONCLUSION:
The duration of device wear and length of stay are key factors contributing to orthopedic device-related pressure injuries. Clinicians should actively monitor and manage these factors to reduce the risk of these injuries.
Impact of Vibrations and Rapid Decelerations on SemontPLUS Maneuver Efficacy: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Morrison Miranda , Bucciarelli Aurelia , Korda Athanasia , Goetz Leonie Sarah , Caversaccio Marco D. , Obrist Dominik , Mantokoudis Georgios 
Published: January 2025

Objective
We aimed to investigate the effect of adding “rapid decelerations” and “vibrations” during a SemontPLUS maneuver on the dynamics of the inner ear and the success rate of canalolithiasis repositioning.

Methods
We used a previously described upscaled (5×) in vitro model of the posterior semicircular canal of the inner ear to analyze the trajectory of a single and clumped surrogate otolith particle (metallic sphere) during a SemontPLUS maneuver (−60 degrees below earth horizontal) on a repositioning chair (TRV). We compared the angular displacement of these particles with and without the application of “vibrations” or “rapid decelerations” using TRV. We recorded the success rates of the SemontPLUS maneuver for each condition.

Results
After the first step of the SemontPLUS, the application of “vibrations” increased the angular displacement of single particles from 119.9 to 125.9 degrees and clumps from 106.7 to 122.8 degrees. Clumps traveled shorter distances than single particles. “Rapid decelerations” also increased the angular displacement from 119.9 to 123.4 degrees and from 106.7 to 111.7 degrees for singles and clumps, respectively. “Vibrations” and “rapid decelerations” applied on the in vitro model resulted in enhanced repositioning success rates to 60 and 73%, respectively.

Conclusions
Adding “rapid decelerations” or “vibrations” to the SemontPLUS maneuver increased otolith particle displacement and improved the repositioning success rates in an in vitro model. However, the effect size of these additional modalities on angular displacement is small, and their use in clinics to improve repositioning in the SemontPLUS would have to be supported by further clinical trials.
Co-infection of COVID-19 and pulmonary tuberculosis – impacts of COVID-19 and TB on the lungs and issues related to liver damage: a case report
Authors: Bereda Gudisa 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Co-infection with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) frequently results in fever, coughing, hypotension, a changed blood cell count, raised liver enzymes, and decreased hemoglobin. Significant concern is also raised about the lung damage brought on by severe COVID-19 and the associated sensitivity to TB.

Case presentation:
On 19 May 2022, a retired Black African woman in her 50s went to the emergency room with a sore throat, a 12 kg weight loss in the previous month, and a day of shortness of breath. The patient arrived at the emergency room with weak muscles, a fever, a productive cough, a lack of appetite, a headache, and night sweats that had lasted for three days. On chest auscultation, there were reduced breath sounds in the right middle and upper lungs. After 36 hours, a throat swab polymerase chain reaction test produced positive findings, confirming the presence of the COVID-19 infection. The patient required continuous oxygen at a rate of 4 L per minute via a nasal cannula for the first 5 days while in the hospital, and she is still taking her anti-tubercular medications. In order to combat hospital-acquired infections, she was given therapy with a broad-spectrum antibiotic consisting of 1 g of intravenous ceftriaxone administered daily for 5 days.

Clinical discussion:
Patients with active pulmonary TB disease have a worse prognosis and can develop COVID-19. Both TB and COVID-9 are infectious diseases that primarily affect the lungs. COVID-19-related mortality is significantly higher in people with active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Conclusion:
Among the most serious health concerns currently affecting the world are COVID-19 and Mycobacterium TB. An increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection is associated with TB infection.
Novel ABCB4 mutation in a female patient with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sharabati Israa , Qafesha Ruaa Mustafa , Mustafa Mohamed M.M. , Hindawi Mahmoud Diaa , Rasras Heba , Bannoura Sami , Abdulrazzak Mohammed , Shamasneh Ibrahim 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and importance:
Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is an uncommon disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. PFIC type 3 (PFIC-3) results from mutations in the ABCB4 gene. This type typically advances from chronic cholestasis, which may occur with or without jaundice.

Case presentation:
A 16-year-old female presented with abdominal pain, later developing liver complications. Genetic testing revealed a novel ABCB4 gene mutation linked to cholestasis. Diagnosed with PFIC-3, she was treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and vitamins, leading to improved liver function. Despite uncertain clinical significance of the mutation, predictions suggested it was damaging. Her liver function fully recovered, and she remained in remission during follow-up visits.

Clinical discussion:
PFIC3 is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder causing cholestasis and liver damage. Our study reported a young female with a novel ABCB4 mutation who responded well to UDCA. Diagnosis relies on comprehensive evaluation, and treatment options include UDCA, surgery, and liver transplantation.

Conclusion:
PFIC-3 gene must be considered while evaluating a young female with symptoms of cholestasis.
Oral anticoagulant (OAC) monotherapy vs. dual-antithrombotic therapy (DAT) in patients with atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease; a meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials
Authors: Shahid Sufyan , Saeed Humza , Iqbal Minahil , Batool Ayesha , Zehra Mishal , Majeed Uzair , Abdullah Muhammad , Hussain Anum Touseef , Iftikhar Hammad Ahmad , Shah Yusuf Ali , Abid Muhammad Shuaib , Zahidi Muzaffar Ali , Ch Iftikhar Ali , Khalid Salman , Tahirkheli Naeem Khan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Dual-antithrombotic therapy (DAT) is recommended for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) but carries an increased risk of bleeding. Recent trials suggest oral anticoagulant (OAC) monotherapy as a safer alternative, but data remains limited. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare OAC monotherapy with DAT in this population.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Library to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared OAC monotherapy with DAT in patients with AF and stable CAD. A bivariate random-effects model was used to perform meta-analyses. Statistical analyses were conducted using R Software 4.4.1, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Heterogeneity was assessed using I
2 statistics, and the quality of studies was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

Results:
Four RCTs with a total of 4123 patients (20.2% females) were included. The mean age of the participants was 74 years. The results showed a significant reduction in major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (risk ratio [RR]: 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34–0.80; P = 0.003) in the OAC monotherapy group compared to the DAT group. However, net adverse clinical events (NACE) (RR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45–1.01; P = 0.054), major ischemic events (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.62–1.53; P = 0.91) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.49–1.83; P = 0.87) were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusions:
In patients with AF and stable CAD, OAC monotherapy reduced the risk of major bleeding, with no significant differences in NACE, major ischemic events, or all-cause mortality as compared to DAT.
Traditional Chinese Baduanjin Exercise With Nursing and Peer Group Support in the Care of Patients After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Guo Jianli , Liu Lingyu , He Cuifen , Ma Xuhong , Liu Huimin , Zheng Zhuanzhen , Zhang Yuanjuan 
Published: January 2025

Background
Sleep problems and anxiety are imperative for continuity of care and rehabilitation in patients following an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact on anxiety, sleep quality, and survival of integrating traditional Chinese Baduanjin exercises to track the control of continuous care in patients receiving an allo-HSCT.

Methods
A total of 75 patients discharged after receiving an allo-HSCT were included. The control group received routine continuity of care, whereas the intervention group carried out Baduanjin exercises combined with 3C (company, clinical nurse, community nurse) support. Follow-up data were compared between the 2 groups using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale score for anxiety and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality.

Results
Both the control and intervention groups showed that continuity of care measures were effective for improving sleep quality (P < .05). The continuity of care model and the time effect in the intervention group during the first 6 months of follow-up were associated with patient anxiety (P < .05). The median survival time was 26 months in the control group and 41 months in the intervention group, with this difference being statistically significant (P = .0239).

Conclusion
The 3C support group improved patients’ compliance with continuity of care. Also, integrating Baduanjin exercises with continuous care alleviated anxiety, improved sleep quality, and prolonged median survival time in patients after an allo-HSCT.

Implications for Practice
The results indicate this model of care is potentially suitable for clinical promotion and application of allo-HSCT patients.
Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammation resolution and angiogenesis in fat grafts in a controlled mouse model
Authors: Li Ming , Li Facheng 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The upregulation or delay of acute inflammation at any stage limits fat graft survival. Active endogenous inflammation resolution mechanisms and mediators are novel therapeutic tools for inflammation. This study explored the effects of supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) deriving specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) on postoperative inflammation and graft survival in vivo.

Methods:
Fish oil (FO) (or saline for the control group) was intragastrically administered in the C57BL/6N mouse fat graft model for a week before and after transplantation. The mice were euthanized at 3, 7, 14, 30, or 90 days posttransplantation. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); gene expression levels of inflammatory factors, perilipin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the grafts were analyzed via quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR); hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), masson’s trichrome, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were performed.

Results:
Omega-3 PUFAs reduced the serum CRP concentration. Additionally, in the grafts of FO group, proinflammatory factors expression was reduced while anti-inflammatory factors expression was increased; the CD11b+ IF intensity at Days 14 and 30 was reduced, the F4/80+/CD11b+ ratio at Days 3 and 7 and the CD206+/F4/80+ ratio at Days 7, 14, and 30 were increased, consistent with the results of IHC control staining (CD11b, F4/80 and CD206); the gene expression of VEGF at Day 14 and perilipin-1 at Days 30 and 90 were increased; the perilipin-1+ %area and CD31+ %area at Day 90 were increased; inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis were decreased.

Conclusion:
Omega-3 PUFAs can enhance inflammation resolution and angiogenesis and promotes fat graft survival in a controlled mouse model.