bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Phase I/II clinical trial of ex-vivo expanded human bone marrow derived allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells in adult patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Swaroop Shekhar , Vuyyuru Sudheer Kumar , Kante Bhaskar , Kumar Peeyush , Mundhra Sandeep Kumar , Arora Umang , Goyal Ankur , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Sharma Raju , Kabilan Kavirajan , Kedia Saurabh , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Ahuja V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Perianal fistulas affect one-third patients with Crohn’s disease with limited therapeutic options. There is dearth of literature on safety and efficacy of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in this population.
Methods
An open-label, phase I/II, single-arm study was conducted involving local administration of human allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in perianal fistula of patients with Crohn’s disease refractory to standard therapies. Clinical severity and biomarkers were assessed at baseline and periodically till 104 weeks, and MRI at 24 and 104 weeks. Primary and secondary objectives were to assess safety and efficacy respectively. Fistula remission was complete closure of fistula openings with < 2cm perianal collection on MRI, and fistula response was decrease in drainage by ≥ 50%. Change in perianal disease activity index, quality-of-life and Van Assche index on MRI over time was assessed using mixed-effect linear regression model.
Results
Ten patients (male:8, mean age:27.4 ± 12.0years) were recruited. Self-resolving procedure-related adverse events occurred in three patients, with no follow-up adverse events. In intention to treat analysis at week 24, two patients (20%) achieved fistula remission and seven (70%) had fistula response. At week 52, two (20%) patients were in remission and seven (70%) maintained response. At 104 weeks, two (20%) patients maintained response and one (10%) was in remission. Statistically significant decrease in perianal disease activity index(P = 0.008), Van Assche Index(P = 0.008) and improvement in quality-of-life(P = 0.001) were observed over time.
Conclusions
Allogeneic BMSCs are safe and effective for the treatment of PF in CD with significant improvement in clinical severity and radiological healing.
Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered on Clinical trials registry – India (CTRI), CTRI/2020/01/022743 on 14 January 2020, http://ctri.nic.in
Early Warning Systems Achieve Their Goals When Data is Tied to an Intervention
Authors: Clausen Robin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Early Warning Systems (EWS) are research-based analytics that use statistical models to assess dropout risk. School leaders use this analytic to consolidate data about a student and provide actionable data to craft an intervention. Little is currently known about the processes involved in school implementation. This is important as it guides use of the tool, especially for those schools using data from Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems. Our study analyzes the Montana EWS data for the past ten years to see if data is used in interventions whose outcomes demonstrate a linkage back to the data. This study distinguishes between schools - high, low, and non-adopters based on an opt-in model. High adopters implement the model based on shared vision, value, and communication practices. There are questions whether low adopters engaged the data and if they offer their students dropout prevention services. Non adopters have many core traits (student outcome and institutional) indicating that there is less of a demand in these school communities. The scale of the program is determined by whether schools opt-in and set priorities for dropout prevention. High adopters share many indicators of disadvantage as low adopters. The difference is that certain school level factors (e.g., long teacher tenure) enabled high adopters to prioritize dropout prevention and integrate data in the process.
Developmental atlanto-stenosis with Klippel-Feil syndrome showing "snake eye sign" on MRI：Case report and reflection Abstract
Authors: liu yan , LI NIANHU 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A patient with "snake eye" developmental atlanteal stenosis complicated with Klippel-Feil syndrome and cervical spinal cord injury was admitted to our hospital in March 2022. X-ray, CT and MRI examinations were performed. It was found that the patient had atlanto-spinal stenosis, C2-C6 fusion deformity, cervical instability, thoracolumbar disc herniation, and L5-S1 fusion deformity combined with cervical spinal cord signal changes. The patient underwent posterior cervical resection of posterior atlas arch for decompression of vertebral canal + C6/7 total laminectomy for decompression of vertebral canal and posterior lateral bone grafting with C5-T1 nail rod system for internal fixation, which resulted in poor functional recovery. Summarize and reflect on its treatment ideas, and further deepen the understanding of this kind of disease.
The hidden dimension of information diffusion: A latent space representation of Social Media News Sharing behavior
Authors: Pozo Sofía M. del , Pinto Sebastián , Serafino Matteo , Cicchini Tomás , Moss Federico , Makse Hernán A. , Balenzuela Pablo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In times marked by an abundance of news sources and the widespread use of social media for staying informed, acquiring accurate data faces increasing challenges. Today, access to information plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and is significantly influenced by interactions on social media. Therefore, studying the dissemination of news on these platforms is vital for understanding how individuals stay informed. In this paper, we study emergent properties of media outlet sharing behavior by users in social media. We quantify this behavior in terms of coordinates in a latent space proposing a metric called Media Sharing Index (MSI). We observe that the MSI shows a bimodal distribution in this latent dimension, reflecting the preference of large groups of users for specific groups of media outlets. This methodology allows the study of the extent to which communities of interacting users are permeable to different sources of information. Additionally, it facilitates the analysis of the relationship between users' media outlet preferences, their political leanings, and the political leanings of the media outlets.
The role of single-dose prophylactic methotrexate in the prevention of post-molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia in patients with high-risk molar pregnancy
Authors: Akhavan Setare , Hoorshad Niloufar , Mousavi Azam sadat , Sheikhhasani Shahrzad , Rezayof Elahe , Zamani Narges 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Prophylactic chemotherapy (PC) has been suggested to be effective in prevention of post molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (PGTN) in patients with high-risk molar pregnancies. The goal of this study is to assess the efficacy of single dose methotrexate as PC in terms of spontaneous remission, time to remission, and progression to PGTN.
Materials and methods: Patients with molar pregnancy were recruited to the study and underwent cervical dilation and suction curettage. Patients who had pathologically proven complete hydatidiform mole were evaluated with abdominal ultrasonography to confirm complete evacuation and absence of remnants. These patients were allocated to two groups: group one received Methotrexate 50mg/m2 via intramuscular injection, while group two did not. PGTN was defined according to the 2018 FIGO criteria. For patients with confirmed PGTN, the following variables were recorded: occurrence of metastasis, resistance to first-line chemotherapy and time to βHCG level normalization.
Results: Eighty patients were enrolled to the study, of which 22 cases (27.5%) received PC. It was found that PC with MTX did not significantly influence spontaneous remission (18 (81.8%) Vs 37 (63.7%), p value: 0.12) or time to remission (57 ± 22.5 Vs 61.24 ± 21.78 days, p value: 0.46) in high-risk molar pregnancies. Moreover, among patients in PC group and control group, 4 cases (18.2%) and 21 patients (36.3%) progressed to PGNT, respectively (p value: 0.12). Although patients in PC group tended to be diagnosed in lower stages compared to patients in control group, this difference was insignificance (p value: 0.95). Among patients who developed to PGTN, PC did not reduce the frequency of metastatic disease, resistance to first-line chemotherapy, or the time interval to serum βHCG level normalization (all p values > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study suggests that a single-dose MTX as PC may not be an effective therapeutic option for preventing PGTN in patients with high-risk molar pregnancy.
Five-year outcomes in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing surgery or percutaneous intervention.
Authors: Jonik Szymon , Kageyama Shigetaka , Ninomiya Kai , Onuma Yoshinobu , Kochman Janusz , Grabowski Marcin , Serruys Patrick , Mazurek Tomasz 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The outcomes from real-life clinical studies regarding the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) are still poorly investigated. In this retrospective study we assessed 5-year outcomes: primary, secondary endpoints and quality of life of 1035 individuals with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) treated either with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) – 356 patients or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) – 679 patients according to the recommendation of a local Heart Team (HT). At 5 years no significant difference in overall mortality and rates of myocardial infarctions (MI) were observed between CABG and PCI cohorts (11.0% vs. 13.4% for PCI, P=0.27 and 9.6% vs. 12.8% for PCI, P=0.12, respectively). The incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), mainly driven by increased rates of repeat revascularization (RR) were higher in PCI-cohort than in CABG-group (56.1% vs. 40.4%, P<0.01 and 26.8% vs. 12.6%, P<0.01, respectively), while CABG-patients experienced stroke more often (7.3% vs. 3.1% for PCI, P<0.01). In real-life practice with long-term follow-up, none of the two revascularization modalities implemented following HT decisions showed overwhelming superiority: occurrence of death and MI were similar, rates of RR favoured CABG, while incidence of strokes advocated PCI.
Accumulation of Airborne Microplastics on Forest Canopy Leaves: Insights from Trichomes and Epicuticular Waxes
Authors: Natsu Sunaga , Okochi Hiroshi , Niida Yasuhiro , Miyazaki Akane 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Airborne microplastics (AMPs) on konara oak (Quercus serrata Murray) leaves collected at a small forest in the Tokyo metropolitan area were analyzed. The leaves underwent a three-step treatment process: (i) washing with Milli-Q water, (ii) sonication in Milli-Q water, and (iii) extraction with a 10% KOH solution. The average number of AMPs found in solutions (i), (ii), and (iii) were 0.01, 0.05, and 0.07 microplastics (MP) /cm2 leaf, respectively. More than 50% of the total AMPs recovered from the aqueous samples were detected in the KOH solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that the KOH solution significantly altered the leaf surfaces, while rinsing and ultrasonication with Milli-Q water had little effect. These results emphasize the strong adsorption of AMPs to epidermal waxes and the importance of using KOH solutions in addition to conventional water washing methods to prevent underestimation of AMPs intercepted by forest canopy leaves. Using data from the growing season, it was estimated that a small forest in the metropolitan area captures approximately 2.2 billion AMP particles per year. This indicates that forests may play an important role as sinks for AMPs in the terrestrial environment.
Orthopnea Secondary to Brachial Plexitis with Bilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis
Authors: Labban Mohamad El , Bauer Philippe R. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Diaphragmatic paralysis can present with orthopnea. We report a unique presentation of bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, an uncommon diagnosis secondary to an unusual cause, brachial plexitis. This report thoroughly describes the patient’s presentation, workup, management, and outcome. It also reviews the literature on diaphragmatic paralysis and Parsonage-Turner syndrome.
Case presentation: A 50-year-old male patient developed insidious orthopnea associated with left shoulder and neck pain over three months with no associated symptoms. On examination, marked dyspnea was observed when the patient was asked to lie down; breath sounds were present and symmetrical, and the neurological examination was normal. The chest radiograph showed an elevated right hemidiaphragm. Echocardiogram was normal. There was a 63% positional reduction in Forced Vital Capacity and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures on pulmonary function testing. The electromyogram was consistent with neuromuscular weakness involving both brachial plexus and diaphragmatic muscle (Parsonage and Turner syndrome).
Conclusions: Compared to unilateral, bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis may be more challenging to diagnose. On PFT, reduced maximal respiratory pressures, especially the maximal inspiratory pressure, are suggestive. Parsonage-Turner syndrome is rare, usually with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, but bilateral cases have been reported.
Handwritten Character Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network for Asante Twi Language Alphabets
Authors: Drah Kingsley , Osei Eric Opoku , Okoampah Ernerst , Sey Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The Handwritten Character Recognition (HWCR) system is a tool that recognizes handwritten characters in papers, photographs, and other sources and converts them into editable computer characters for future use. A significant barrier still exists in the accurate recognition of complex formed compound handwritten characters. By learning discriminatory qualities from vast volumes of raw data, convolutional neural network (CNN) technology has recently made significant advancements in HWCR systems. In identification of the Vernacular (Twi) language characters from off-line training and testing datasets, convolutional neural network was applied in this study. The primary goal of this research is to examine the convolutional neural network's ability to identify Twi characters from the supplied image datasets and the identification accuracy after training and testing. In order to differentiate among characters, convolutional neural network evaluates their differences in styles, shapes and topographies. To determine the accuracy of handwritten characters, the convolutional neural network implementation is tested using the novel Twi language dataset. On the basis of the test findings, a dataset set of 13, 200 images from the Twi dataset achieved an accuracy of 88.15% during training and a test accuracy of 79.31%. This study aids in knowing the suitable architecture that can be fused into an optical character recognition device to recognize Asante Twi handwritten letters found in documents of this particular language and translate them into editable formats.
Research on the correlation between crustal deformation characteristics and impact geopressure in the Hegang mining area based on GNSS monitoring
Authors: Fu Xing , Liu Tianhao , Zhang Tuo , Zhang Hongwei , Ji Minglu , Chen Shiwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The crustal deformation characteristics of the mining area are a reflection of the evolution of the overburden rock structure force and deformation of coal seam mining, Impact geopressure is a result of the overburden rock movement, which disrupts the stress balance of the coal rock body surrounding the quarry, leading to a dynamic disaster, and the crustal deformation characteristics are closely related to Impact geopressure.To gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between crustal deformation and impact ground pressure in the Hegang mining region. Using the available GNSS observation data from the study area, six new GNSS observation stations in the key areas of the mining region have been encrypted, a thorough analysis is conducted on both the regional microseismic events catalog and the mine earthquake events catalog, which are under the surveillance of seismic stations, and the regional crustal deformation overtime during the occurrence of larger energy events is studied quantitatively. The findings indicate a direct relationship between the frequency of energy occurrences in the mining region and the vertically aligned time series of the GNSS stations, as the vertical direction experiences a rapid decline, the magnitude increases and the greater the cumulative energy emitted by the subsequent energy occurrences. The findings of this research can serve as a point of reference for proactively alerting and averting microseismic energy incidents in the southern mining region of Hegang
Lethal Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) infections of humans and animals – in-depth molecular epidemiology and phylogeography
Authors: Rubbenstroth Dennis , Ebinger Arnt , Santos Pauline , Pfaff Florian , Dürrwald Ralf , Kolodziejek Jolanta , Schlottau Kore , Ruf Viktoria , Liesche-Starnecker Friederike , Ensser Armin , Korn Klaus , Ulrich Reiner , Fürstenau Jenny , Matiasek Kaspar , Hansmann Florian , Seuberlich Torsten , Nobach Daniel , Müller Matthias , Neubauer-Juric Antonie , Suchowski Marcel , Bauswein Markus , Niller Hans-Helmut , Schmidt Barbara , Tappe Dennis , Cadar Daniel , Homeier-Bachmann Timo , Haring Viola , Pörtner Kirsten , Frank Christina , Mundhenk Lars , Hoffmann Bernd , Herms Jochen , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Nowotny Norbert , Schlegel Jürgen , Ulrich Rainer G. , Beer Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) is the causative agent of Borna disease, a progressive and mostly fatal neurologic disorder of domestic mammals and humans, resulting from spill-over infection from its natural reservoir host, the bicolored white-toothed shrew (Crocidura leucodon). The known BoDV-1 endemic area is remarkably restricted to parts of Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the Principality of Liechtenstein.
To gain comprehensive data on the occurrence of BoDV-1, we analysed diagnostic material from suspected fatal BoDV-1-induced encephalitis cases in domestic mammals and humans. BoDV-1 infection was confirmed by RT-qPCR in 207 of 231 domestic mammals (89.6%), 28 of 29 humans (96.6%) and seven shrews, mainly within the known endemic area. By reporting multiple unpublished cases, this study raises the number of published laboratory-confirmed human BoDV-1 infections to 46 and provides a first comprehensive summary.
Generation of 136 new complete or partial BoDV 1 genome sequences from animals and humans facilitated an in-depth phylogeographic analysis. Consistent with the low mobility of its reservoir host, BoDV-1 sequences showed a remarkable geographic association, with individual phylogenetic clades occupying distinct and barely overlapping dispersal areas. The closest genetic relatives of most human-derived BoDV-1 sequences were located at distances of less than 40 km from the patient’s residence, indicating that spill-over transmission from the natural reservoir usually occurs in the region of the patient´s residence.
In summary, the novel and extended phylogeographic data allow for the definition of risk areas for zoonotic BoDV-1 transmission and facilitate the assessment of geographical sources for individual infection events.
Comprehensive Assessment of Adolescent and Youth Friendly Sexual Reproductive Health Services in South Sudan.
Authors: Jolem Mwanje , Imunu Sunday 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Adolescent and Youth Friendly Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) services play a crucial role in addressing the unique health needs of young people. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the availability, perception, quality, and utilization of these services in South Sudan. Methods: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of these services. The study utilized a purposive sampling strategy to select young people (aged 10–24 years) seeking SRH services at health facilities. The minimum sample size was calculated to be 294 individuals. Data collection methods included client interviews, focus group discussions, and a desk-based review of secondary data. Supervisors and research assistants were trained to ensure quality data collection, and ethical considerations were prioritized throughout the study. Findings: The study revealed several key findings, including demographic characteristics of the adolescents, factors influencing their utilization of youth-friendly health services, and their access to reproductive health services. The study also highlighted challenges faced by pregnant adolescents and the performance of health facilities in providing services to adolescents. Conclusion: The study's findings underscore the importance of addressing barriers such as limited access to education, lack of awareness and education on sexual and reproductive health, and challenges in accessing health services. The study also generated recommendations to improve adolescent youth-friendly health services, emphasizing the need for comprehensive strategies to promote the well-being of adolescents in South Sudan.
Thickening human milk: the effect of time, temperature, and thickener for infants with dysphagia
Authors: Brooks Laura , Clayton Haley , Gethers Casiel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time, temperature, and thickening agents on expressed human milk thickened for infants with dysphagia. Thickening agents included oatmeal cereal, commercial thickeners (Gelmix, Purathick), pureed fruits, pureed vegetables, yogurt, and pudding.
Methods
The International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) flow test was used to measure the thickness level across samples at various temperatures (40º, 70º, 98.6ºF) and times (0, 5, 10, and 20 minutes). Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test and multiple linear regression.
Results
Fruit purees mixtures, particularly banana, achieved the thickest mixture at all temperatures and maintained a similar thickness over time. Vegetable puree mixtures were minimally effective at thickening, i.e. between 0–1 ml on IDDSI flow test, with exception of squash at 40ºF only. Commercial thickeners (Gelmix and Purathick) mixtures continued to thicken over time. The yogurt mixture at 40ºF thickened initially and thinned slightly over time. The pudding mixture at 40ºF thickened immediately but quickly became a thin liquid. The oatmeal cereal mixtures thinned or thickened over time depending on the temperature of the human milk (cold thinned over time, warm thickened over time).
Conclusions
Time, temperature, and thickening agents have a significant impact on the thickness level when added to expressed human milk. Certain foods such as fruit purees, squash, yogurt, and ground oatmeal may effectively thickened human milk and maintained a similar thickness level over the course of 20 minutes, and could be considered for older infants with dysphagia if cleared by the medical team.