bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Each of the twenty amino acids in the codon dictionary has its own numerical value
Authors: Bayles Brenda K Krkosska , Heckert Charles M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A codon’s three bases consist of any combination of uracil, cytosine, adenine, or guanine and these encode the twenty amino acids. When the codon’s first two bases are given specific values, and those values are multiplied, then the third base of the codon is used during translation only when the product is greater than three. Here we show that those values plus more variables within the ribosomal decoding site results in specific flow values for each of the twenty amino acid groups. These results are demonstrated in a flow chart showing the unidirectional flow which is expected during the translation process. All twenty amino acids can be represented by numbers that describe their relationship to each other and to the decoding site. We anticipate our findings will increase discussion about using a number system to better understand the translation process.
The elephant in the room: embodied emissions in our power sector
Authors: Farnsworth Amanda , Gencer Emre 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Supporting rapid deployment of renewable power generation is a must to transition to a sustainable economy. Inaccurate accounting of greenhouse gas emissions will have detrimental consequences for our planet. Specifically, this study shows that: 1) ignoring embodied emissions in policy and planning will mean never actually reaching carbon neutrality, 2) carbon negative technologies are needed to actually reach net-zero, 3) fair and accurate decarbonization is even harder and more expensive than we are currently estimating. Ignoring embodied emissions is not only neglectful, but also leads to a suboptimal design of a decarbonized power sector. At deep levels of decarbonization, 20 gCO2-e/kWh, embodied emissions are over 50% of total system emissions. As our grid becomes cleaner, further reducing power sector emissions becomes even more challenging and expensive.
Easing accessibility to mass spectrometry imaging using convolutional autoencoders for deriving hypoxia-associated peptide candidates from tumors
Authors: Bitto Verena , Hönscheid Pia , Besso María José , Sperling Christian , Kurth Ina , Baumann Michael , Brors Benedikt 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Spatial omics data promise to reveal novel insights into the intratumoral heterogenity of biological parameters of cancer.
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows to study spatially-resolved peptides, metabolites and lipids.
Yet, in biomedical research the technology is rarely used for biomarker discovery. Like all spatial omics data, its high dimensionality and multicollinearity imposes special challenges for analysis. Additionally, mass spectrometry technologies typically output mass-to-charge ratio values but not the biochemical compounds of interest.

We propose a framework that addresses both issues to make MSI more accessible. We utilized convolutional autoencoders to aggregate intratumoral features of interest from MSI of cancer xenograft models. Exemplified for the parameter tumor hypoxia, which is known to show significant spatial heterogeneity, we highlight that MSI is able to capture these small intensity signals and that autoencoders can preserve them in a lower dimensional space. Complementing MSI with tandem MS data from the same tumor model, multiple promising peptide candidates were derived that were associated with hypoxia. Compared to random forest models, we showed that our autoencoder approach produced more plausible candidates.
Considering other spatial omics modalities, the architecture of the convolutional autoencoder can be easily adapted while ensuring high explainability.
Purification and Characterization of Soluble Recombinant Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Glycoprotein Gc expressed in mammalian 293F Cells
Authors: Makoah Nigel Aminake , Litabe Matefo Millicent , Simo Fredy Brice Nemg , Maboho Katlego Keith , Burt Felicity Jane 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease that presents with severe hemorrhagic manifestations and is associated with significant fatality rates. The causative agent, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV), is a high-priority pathogen identified by the World Health Organization with no approved vaccine or specific treatment available. In addition there is a critical need for enhanced diagnostic tools to improve public health awareness, prevention measures, and disease control strategies.
Methods
We designed plasmids to enable the purification of soluble CCHFV glycoprotein Gc expressed in mammalian 293F cells, followed by purification using affinity and size exclusion chromatography. The purified antigen was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting to confirm its reactivity to antibodies from CCHF survivors. Additionally, an in-house indirect ELISA was developed using the purified Gc as a coating antigen.
Results
The optimized expression system successfully produced soluble and pure Gc antigen after affinity chromatography. The protein showed specific reactivity with CCHFV-positive serum antibodies in Western blot analysis. The indirect ELISA assay demonstrated high efficacy in distinguishing between CCHFV-positive and -negative serum samples, indicating its potential as a valuable diagnostic tool. Size exclusion chromatography further confirmed the presence of aggregates in our protein preparation.
Conclusions
The purified Gc antigen shows promise for developing direct diagnostic assays for CCHFV. The antigen's suitability for subunit vaccine development and its application as bait for monoclonal antibody isolation from survivors could be investigated further. This work lays the foundation for future research into the development of rapid diagnostic tests for field deployment.
Zero modes activation to reconcile floppiness, rigidity, and multistability into an all-in-one class of reprogrammable metamaterials
Authors: Wu Lei , Pasini Damiano 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Existing mechanical metamaterials are typically designed to either withstand loads as a stiff structure, shape morph as a floppy mechanism, or trap energy as a multistable matter, distinct behaviours that correspond to three primary classes of macroscopic solids. Their stiffness and stability are sealed permanently into their architecture, mostly remaining immutable post-fabrication due to the invariance of zero modes. Here we introduce an all-in-one class of reprogrammable metamaterials that enable the in-situ reprogramming of zero modes to access the apparently conflicting properties of all classes. Through the selective activation of metahinges via self-contact, their architecture can be switched to acquire on-demand rigidity, floppiness, or multistability, bridging the seemingly uncrossable gap between structures, mechanisms, and multistable matters. We showcase the versatile reprogrammability of zero modes for a range of properties including stiffness, mechanical signal guiding, buckling modes, phonon spectra, and auxeticity, opening a plethora of opportunities for all-in-one materials and devices.
CT Assessment of the Presence of Septation Between the Frontal Sinus and Supraorbital Ethmoid Cells: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Alhumaizi Abdulrahman , Alomair Alanoud , Alyahiwi Lara , Aldawish Reema , Alnafisah Haya 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Supraorbital ethmoidal cells (SOEC) are air-filled ethmoidal cells found in the orbital plate of the frontal bone. It is located close to the frontal recess and sinus and is usually separated by a thin bony septum from the frontal sinus. Unaddressed SOEC can lead to failed or complicated endoscopic sinus procedures, residual fungal elements, or mucocele. Moreover, improper localization during the procedure may contribute to an increased risk of orbital and skull base injuries.
Objectives
To determine the presence of septation between the frontal and the supraorbital ethmoid cell based on radiological imaging and to study the degree of SOEC pneumatization.
Methods
A retrospective study that included 244 computed tomography images of the paranasal sinuses was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 at King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH).
Results
This study included 244 participants. Most participants (55.7%) were female, with the largest age group falling between 18 and 28 (34.8%). Most cases (60.7%) had bilateral Supra-Orbital Ethmoidal Cells.
The pneumatization of SOEC was classified into three types based on its lateral extension on computed tomography images. Majority of patients were found to have type 1 pneumatization, followed by type 2 then type 3. Most cases showed septation between the frontal and SOEC on both the right (74.1%) and left (59.3%) sides. According to this study, there is no association between many factors such as gender, age, chronic rhinosinusitis, pneumatization of the sinuses, and the occurrence of septation between the frontal and SOEC.
Conclusion
Surgeons should have heightened awareness regarding the complexity of the anatomical variation of the frontal sinus and SOEC. A new classification is proposed regarding the degree of pneumatization of SOEC that has value in understanding the anatomy and planning the surgical approach.
Mesenchymal fibroblast cell promotes invasiveness of aggressive fibromatosis by remodeling extracellular matrix through CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis
Authors: li yan , xu yu , xie yubin , zhuang guo , zhang jiajun , shen jingnan , Yin Junqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Aggressive fibromatosis(AF) is an intermediate tumor originating from fibroblasts, but pathogenesis of which is not fully understood.
Methods: We analyzed 53,203 single cells from thigh, neck, and forearm AF by using single-cell RNA sequencing integrates along with public single cell sequencing data of normal scars and keloids. We found an obvious increase in the population of mesenchymal fibroblasts in AF and proves the importance of this cell subsets in aggressive process by immunohistochemistry and multiple immunofluorescence.
Results: We found that mesenchymal fibroblasts may modify the kinetics of extracellular matrix remodeling process of AF by changing the amount and type of collagen. Transcription factors that regulate mesenchymal fibroblast(MF) sub-clusters have been inferred by SCENIC regulons and we have identified CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis in MF clusters as potential transcriptional targets of AF and the mechanism of action may through relocation from cytoplasmic to cell nucleus.
Conclusion : Mesenchymal fibroblast cell promotes invasiveness of aggressive fibromatosis by remodeling extracellular matrix through CREB3L1/COL1A1 axis. Our single cell sequencing results may provide detailed hints for clinical diagnosis and treatment for AF, and.
Crop Recommendation in Precision Agriculture Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Patil Nivedita Adhik , Mane Sandip 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Analysts are increasingly interested in planning and organizing land activities near the shore, a trend that has emerged in recent years. This interest is driven by various factors, particularly the increasing focus on agricultural land and research on soil health. Soil strength plays a crucial role in enhancing crop yields, making it a significant area of research focus in local regions. The research discussed in this work delves into the study of water flow, examining its potential benefits and the problems it may pose. The primary emphasis is on scientifically investigating various advanced and efficient clustering systems and methods. The goal is to understand how these methods contribute to improving the accuracy of classification. To enhance classification accuracy, it is vital to make effective use of remotely sensed data features and choose the most suitable classifier. In our project, we aim to predict crops and weather conditions like temperature, humidity, pH, and rainfall based on soil attributes such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, also the season and region. We have employed the Random Forest algorithm, selecting the configuration that yields the highest prediction accuracy. Ultimately, our efforts have resulted in achieving an impressive 93.7% accuracy using the Random Forest algorithm.
Targeting ARNT attenuates Chemoresistance Through Destabilizing p38α-MAPK Signaling in Glioblastoma
Authors: Alafate Wahafu , Lv Gen , Zheng Jiantao , Cai Haiping , Wu Wei , Yang Yong , Du Shichao , Zhou Dong , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor in adults. This study aimed to investigate the functional significance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) in the pathogenesis of GBM. Analysis of public datasets revealed ARNT is upregulated in GBM tissues compared to lower grade gliomas or normal brain tissues. Higher ARNT expression correlated with the mesenchymal subtype and poorer survival in GBM patients. Silencing ARNT using lentiviral shRNAs attenuated the proliferative, invasive, and stem-like capabilities of GBM cell lines, while ARNT overexpression enhanced these malignant phenotypes. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered that ARNT is highly expressed in a stem-like subpopulation and is involved in regulating glycolysis, hypoxia response, and stress pathways. Mechanistic studies found ARNT activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to promote chemoresistance in GBM cells. Disrupting the ARNT/p38α protein interaction via the ARNT PAS-A domain restored temozolomide sensitivity. Overall, this study demonstrates ARNT functions as an oncogenic driver in GBM pathogenesis and represents a promising therapeutic target.
Weight Analysis for Multi-objective Optimal Solution of Multi-energy Complementary System
Authors: Tang Yifang , Wang Zhiyong , Liu Changrong , Li lin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Multi-energy complementary system (MCS), integrating with renewable energy and new energy, is an effective way to promote low-carbon development and clean energy utilization. Reasonable system configurations and operation scheduling schemes play key roles in maintaining the long-term and efficient operations of the system. In general, multi-objective optimization of system integration is employed to achieve the optimal decision strategies for MCS operations. However, different weights used to determine the importance of each objective during the optimization may cause various optimization results. Thus, reasonable weight adopted is critical to the credibility of the optimization solutions and the resulting system efficiency. In this paper, a comprehensive weight analysis is implemented during the multi-objective optimization for the decision-making of the MCS. The weight determination of MCS design optimization objective is analyzed from three aspects namely subjective, objective, and the combination of subjective and objective. Based on a case analysis, it isfounded that when the weight is determined by subjective weighting method, the weight of economic index is the largest. When the objective weighting method is adopted, the environmental protection index is obviously greater than the economic index and the energy efficiency index. Due to the different information entropy carried by each target in each group of data, the weights obtained by objective weighting and subjective and objective comprehensive weighting are different. With different weight decision schemes, the capacity of each MCS equipment varies greatly. While using the intelligent optimization algorithm for multi-objective optimization, it is necessary to analyze the weight of each objective in the process of multiple independent experiments and make comprehensive decisions according to the objective preference of decision makers to determine the optimal solution. The results indicatethat the research provides an effective reference for the analysis of the weight of each objective and the decision of the optimal solution in the MCS optimization research process.
Disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection Involving Multiple Bones and lung in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Yang-Ming , Liu Yuag-Meng , Chen Tsung-Chia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Cryptococcal osteomyelitis is a rare and potentially serious condition, typically encountered in individuals with compromised immune systems. This case underscores the unusual occurrence of disseminated Cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent person, involving multiple bones and lungs, with Cryptococcus neoformans identified as the causative agent.
Case presentation:
An Indonesian man, previously in good health, presented with a chief complaint of successive multiple bone pain lasting for more one month, without any prior history of trauma. Additionally, he reported a recent onset of fever. On physical examination, tenderness was observed in the left lateral chest wall and right iliac crest. Laboratory findings indicated mildly elevated inflammatory markers. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest revealed an ovoid solid nodule in the right lower lung and multifocal osteolytic lesions in the sternum, ribs, and humeral head. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the sacrum showed multiple lesions in the bilateral iliac bone and the lower L4 vertebral body. Confirmation of Cryptococcal osteomyelitis involved a fine-needle biopsy and culture, identifying Cryptococcus neoformans in the aspirate. The patient responded positively to targeted antifungal treatments, leading to a gradual improvement in his condition.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the need to consider Cryptococcus neoformans osteomyelitis in immunocompetent patients with bone pain. A definitive diagnosis involves a fine-needle biopsy for pathology and culture, and prompt initiation of appropriate antifungal treatment has proven effective in preventing mortality.
COMBINE: A Comprehensive Multi-Omics Approach for Improving Breast Cancer Prognosis Classification in African American Women
Authors: Feng Xin , Xie Weiming , Dong Lin , Xin Yongxian , Xin Ruihao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer disproportionately affects African American women under the age of 50, leading to higher incidence rates, more aggressive cancer subtypes, and increased mortality compared to other racial and ethnic groups. To enhance the prediction of onset risk and enable timely intervention and treatment, it is crucial to investigate the genetic and molecular factors associated with these disparities. This study introduces COMBINE, an innovative ensemble learning model that combines three types of omics data to improve the accuracy of breast cancer prognosis classification and reduce the model's time complexity. A comparative analysis of the fusion effects for African American and White women reveals a significant improvement in the fusion effect for African American women. Additionally, gene enrichment analysis highlights the importance of considering race when selecting relevant biomarkers. To address the challenges of cancer prognosis classification, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, along with ensemble learning, is employed. This comprehensive approach facilitates the exploration of new concepts for the application of multi-omics data, potentially leading to more personalized and effective treatment strategies. The study highlights the potential of ensemble learning as a fusion technique for multi-omics data in cancer prognosis classification. It emphasizes the importance of refining our understanding of the genetic and molecular factors contributing to disparities in breast cancer incidence and outcomes. Ultimately, this research has the potential to improve healthcare outcomes for African American women and alleviate the burden of this formidable disease.
The Effect of Family Integrated Care on Preparing Parents with Premature Infants Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit for Discharge
Authors: Tiryaki Öznur , ÇINAR Nursan , Caner İbrahim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:The study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental trial to determine the effect of the Family Integrated Care(FICare) model on the readiness of parents whose infants were hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) for discharge and home care of the infants.
STUDY DESING:The sample group of the study consisted of 68 parents,34of whom were in the intervention group with infants hospitalized in the NICU and34 in the control group.Parents in the intervention group received FICare,and parents in the control group received usual care.
RESULTS:The total mean score of the mothers and fathers in the intervention group regarding readiness for discharge and home care was higher than that of the control group,and a significant difference was observed.
CONCLUSION:The FICare model was observed to enhance the readiness of mothers and fathers for discharge and home care and positively affect the infant's weight gain,thestatus of breastfeeding and the continuation of nutrition.
Cost-effectiveness of Metronomic chemotherapy vs Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel in patients with ER+/HER2-Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Ren Ning , Xu Qiaoping , Ren Lanqi , Yang Yibei , Pan Junjie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective：To compare the cost-effectiveness of Metronomic Oral Vinorelbine plus Cyclophosphamide and Capecitabine(VEX) and Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel (P) in patients with Estrogen Receptor–Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC).
Methods：The Markov model was established to simulate the patients receiving metronomic chemotherapy (VEX regimen) and Weekly Intravenous Paclitaxel. The results of clinical trials and other published literature were comprehensively used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness ratio of the two chemotherapy regimens, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.
Results：The QALYs of VEX and P regimen were 1.85 and 1.45, respectively, and the ICERs were $40 333.69/QALY and $4 152.09/QALY, respectively. In China, the total cost of VEX regimen is $74 617.32, while the total cost of P regimen is $6 020.53. The cost of P regimen is much lower than that of the VEX regimen. In addition, the VEX is more effective than the P, with higher TTF and PFS, and higher disease control rates. Sensitivity analysis shows that P regimen has a more cost-effective advantage in China. The analysis of incremental cost-effectiveness shows that with VEX as the reference group, P regimen is the preferred option.
Conclusions：Compared with VEX, P regimen is more cost-effective as a first-line treatment for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer from the perspective of Chinese health service system.