bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elena Soriano: una escritora en lucha contra la censura franquista
Authors: Linuesa Torrijos Estefanía 
Published: January 2024

Durante el régimen franquista, las escritoras se enfrentaron a una doble adversidad: la censura y la opresión de un sistema patriarcal. A pesar de las restricciones, escritoras como Elena Soriano desafiaron estas ataduras y produjeron obras literarias que resaltan en el panorama de la posguerra española. Sus novelas abordan temas considerados tabú y critican la estructura patriarcal y la marginalización de las mujeres, lo que provocó que tuvieran que enfrentarse a la tijera censora. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la incidencia de la censura editorial en el universo literario de la escritora y, concretamente, en la trilogía Mujer y hombre.
Aves sin nido: inmigrantes y racismo en "Charapo" (2016) de Pablo D. Shang
Authors: Carvajal Gustavo 
Published: January 2024

La novela Charapo de Pablo D. Sheng ha sido leída de dos maneras contrarias. Por un lado, algunos críticos la consideran un aporte valioso a la narrativa nacional por su temática. Como afirma Patricia Espinosa, Charapo explora las experiencias de los inmigrantes peruanos en Santiago, tema esporádicamente abordado en la ficción chilena reciente. Ciertos elementos propios del realismo literario en la novela sustentan esta lectura. Un tono realista social que retrata la violencia y el racismo que sufren los migrantes en el Chile contemporáneo caracteriza sus primeras secciones. Por el contrario, otros comentaristas han advertido sobre la controvertida representación del otro racial en la novela. Esta mirada está alerta a elementos en el texto que representan las experiencias de inmigrantes excesivamente apegadas a imágenes de pobreza y brutalidad. Este artículo demostrará cómo Charapo intenta resolver esta problemática de acuerdo con la agenda antirracista que atraviesa la novela. Específicamente, se estudiarán las estrategias narrativas y representacionales que buscan desmantelar el realismo que estructura el discurso dominante que racializa al otro inmigrante en el Chile neoliberal actual.
Palabras claves: inmigración, racismo, identidad, novela chilena.
Prediction by in silico Tools of Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (nsSNP) and 3-d Protein Structure Prediction in the Female MED12 Gene Associated with Uterine Leiomyomas
Authors: Keneme Bineta , Sembene Mbacké 
Published: January 2024

Aims: Uterine leiomyomas are one of the most common benign gynecologic tumors, but the exact causes are not completely understood. Mutations at exon 2 MED12 gene was discovered in approximately 71% of uterine leiomyomas. Our recent studies confirmed the high frequency of MED12 exon 2 deleterious mutations in uterine leiomyoma in senegalese patients. In this context, molecular dynamics simulations of wild-type and non synonymous variants were conducted to access their structural dynamic and stability characteristics.
Methodology: Tumour tissues were collected from 50 senegalese patients with uterine leiomyomas. We sequenced 226 bp for exon 2 region after DNA extraction and amplification. To understand the mutation’s role in this gene, we utilized computational tools based on different algorithms, including missense tools to predict pathogenic variants such as Alamut™ Visual Plus, ProtParam, Missense 3D; stability tools to analyze the impression of a mutated gene on the function of the protein like Dynamut2 and NetSurfP - 3.0, and post translational modifications using MutPred2.
Results: Out of 50 patients with uterine fibroids, 88% have mutations in exon 2 of the MED12 gene. All this mutations are missense mutations. They are L36R, Q43P, G44C, GDDR, G44S, G44A, G44V, G44D, F45V, K60M and N61Y. A significant impact of the MED12 mutations has showed with a high frequency in codon 44. It was identified that all residues in codon 44 were identified to fall in disallowed regions. Our results show that all nsSNP except G44D, K60M and N61Y are associated with molecular mechanisms such as intrinsic disorder, altered disorder interface, gain or loss of helix, gain or loss of loop and post-translational modifications such as gain or loss of methylation, loss of ubiquitylation.
Conclusion: Deleterious mutations identified in exon 2 MED12 gene show their implication in uterine leiomyomas. Given that the mutants identified are associated with protein instability, this opens up avenues for reflection on possible alterations of protein function in cases of uterine fibroids.
Application of Integrated Geophysical Methods in Groundwater Exploration in Adamawa State University, Mubi
Authors: Kasidi S. , Ndatuwong L. G. , Kamureyina E. 
Published: January 2024

Mubi area falls within the Hawal Precambrian basement terrain where groundwater occurs within the overburden, fractures and weathered basement. In this area a lot of boreholes were drilled and failed due to the geology and ambiguity in geophysical data interpretation. Based on these challenges and the increase in population of students on campus necessitated the application of integrated geophysical methods to investigate groundwater potentials in Adamawa State University Mubi campus. The survey is to locate potential areas for borehole drilling. The method employed are Audio Magnetic Telluric (ADMT 600S-X) with powerful software ZondMT 1D and Electrical resistivity with IXD interpex software for data interpretation. The technique has provided information on the subsurface lithology & structures up to 300 m deep (Passive). While the electrical resistivity is an active geophysical method, this was used to confirm the potential areas identify by magnetotelluric profiles. In this study forty three (43) profiles were sounded using the magnetotelluric in which only nine (9) profiles indicates potential for groundwater. The nine (9) profiles were later confirmed with electrical resistivity method, this is to validate the results obtained from ADMT 600S-X. The results obtained are as follows: ADMT 600S-X for the nine (9) profile are;185 m, 210-300 m, 210 m, 210-300 m, 175 m, 195-300 m, 190-270 m, 215-300 m and 185 m and results from RESISTIVITY for VES (1-9) are; 150 m, 200-400 m, 300 m, 210-300 m, 180 m, 180m, 200 m, 250 m and 215. The study shows that the groundwater occurrence in the study area is confined to over burden, fractured and weathered zones. The results obtained from both case correlate well and these nine (9) points are recommended for drilling borehole to alleviate water scarcity on campus for students.
Assessment of Claimants’ Attitudes towards Compulsory Land Acquisition and Compensation in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Adebisi Oluwasola Stephen , Afolabi Kabiru Kolawale , Audu Adedamola Fisayo 
Published: January 2024

Comprehending the attitudes of claimants towards compulsory land acquisition and compensation is crucial in assessing the overall efficacy of the process. This exploration aids not only in gauging public sentiment but also in shaping policies and approaches that foster cooperation and equitable outcomes. This study focused on the assessment of claimants’ attitudes towards compulsory land acquisition in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Data on claimants were obtained from 244 landholders whose lands were compulsorily acquired for rail track construction at Phase I, Osogbo. Frequency distribution, weighted mean scores, and factor analysis were employed to analyze the collected data in order to examine the behaviors exhibited by claimants and the factors contributing to those behaviors. The study revealed that the lack of a resettlement plan, inadequate time given for relocation, and insufficient compensation award to replace assets were triggers for the various behaviors exhibited by claimants. Factor analysis was used to analyse a 14-item factor instrument employed to examine the factors influencing claimants' behavioral attitudes toward compulsory land acquisition and compensation in the study area. The result yielded four distinct factors which include “Preliminary Factors leading to Inadequate Compensation” as Factor 1, "Factors Leading to Resistance by Claimants," as Factor 2, "Factors Leading to Inadequate Relay of Notices," and "Inadequacies in the provisions of the Land Use Act on Valuation Methods for Compulsory Land Acquisition and Compensation," as Factors 3 and 4 respectively. The study recommended that the Land Use Act be amended to align with present-day realities, incorporating considerations for land values and associated impacts, including the costs of claimants' relocation. This would alleviate the stress and social challenges faced by those affected by land acquisition, dousing the society tensions associated with it.
Geographic Dialysis Facility Density and Early Dialysis Initiation
Authors: Hemmige Vagish , Deshpande Priya , Norris Keith C. , Shen Jenny I. , Erickson Kevin F. , Johansen Kirsten L. , Golestaneh Ladan 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe decision of when to start maintenance hemodialysis may be affected by health system–level support for high-intensity care as manifested by area dialysis facility density. Yet an association between early hemodialysis initiation and higher area density of dialysis facilities has not been shown.ObjectiveTo examine whether there is an association between area dialysis facility density and earlier dialysis initiation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsCross-sectional analysis was conducted of publicly reported claims and geographic-based population data collected in the Medical Evidence files of the US Renal Data System (USRDS), a comprehensive registry of all patients initiating hemodialysis in the US, from calendar years 2011 through 2019. Data were linked to the American Community Survey, using residential zip codes, and then to health service area (HSA) primary care and hospitalization benchmarks, using the Dartmouth Atlas crosswalk. Data were analyzed from November 1, 2021, to August 31, 2023.ExposureDialysis facility density at the level of HSA (number of dialysis facilities per 100 000 HSA residents) split into 5 categories.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe odds of hemodialysis initiation at an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs less than or equal to 10 mL/min/1.73 m2.ResultsHemodialysis was initiated in a total of 844 466 individuals at 3397 HSAs at a mean (SD) eGFR of 8.9 (3.8) mL/min/1.73 m2. Their mean (SD) age was 63.5 (14.7) years, and 484 346 participants (57.4%) were men. In the HSA category with the highest facility density, individuals were younger (63.3 vs 65.2 years in least-dense HSAs), poorer (mean percent of households living in poverty, 10.4% vs 8.4%), and more commonly had a higher percentage of Black individuals (40.6% vs 11.3%). More individuals in the dialysis-dense HSAs than least-dense HSAs had diabetes (60.1% vs 58.5%) and fewer had access to predialysis nephrology care (60.8% vs 64.1%); the rates of heart failure and immobility varied, but not in a consistent pattern, by HSA dialysis density. The mean (SD) facility density was 4.1 (1.89) centers per 100 000 population in the most dialysis-dense HSAs. Compared with patients in HSAs with a mean of 1.0 per 100 000 population, the odds of hemodialysis initiation at eGFR greater than 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 were 1.07 (95% CI, 1.03-1.11) for patients in the densest HSAs, and compared with HSAs with 0 facilities, the odds of early hemodialysis initiation were 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02-1.10) for patients in the densest HSAs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of USRDS- and HSA-level data, HSA dialysis density was associated with early hemodialysis initiation.
Esters of Carbonic and Orthocarbonic Acid, Organic Phosphorous, Monocarboxylic Halogenated Acids, Haloalcohols, and Organic Silicon
Authors: Christensen Catherine D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter covers (1) esters of carbonic and orthocarbonic acid, (2) esters of organic phosphorous compounds, (3) esters of monocarboxylic halogenated acids, alkanols, or haloalcohols, and (4) organic silicon esters.
Long Chain Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Acids (C8 and Above)
Authors: Dourson Michael L. , Kougias Daniel G. , Anderson Janet , Onyema Chijioke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter is about a series of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that can also be described as “long‐chain” perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). The overall structure of PFAAs is a lengthy carbon chain with fluorine atoms substituting for hydrogen atoms and either a carboxylic or sulfonate head group. PFAAs are unusually chemically stable, water and oil resistant, and useful for many industrial applications, such as in the formation of polymers. In biological systems, these chemicals are generally well‐absorbed, resistant to metabolism, but also have the unusual property of widely different elimination kinetics among and within mammalian species. The range of estimated elimination half‐lives in humans for the perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), for example, is quite large ranging from one‐half to as much as 14 years, although a recent estimate from an international collaboration places this value closer to 1 year.The available literature on PFAAs is voluminous. This chapter will not attempt to review all this literature. Rather human studies will be emphasized, but since these studies nearly always suggest associations between PFAA exposure and health outcomes, this will be followed by studies in experimental animals that give insights into the human evidence. Afterward, a summary of attempts to estimate potential human risk by various international agencies will be described. What will become obvious, however, is that the overall uncertainty in the database of these chemicals has led to widely divergent risk assessment positions that need to be resolved. Risk management decisions on this class of chemistries are seen to be premature without such scientific resolution.
High Refractive Index Carbonized Polymer Dots Acting as Light Scattering Units in Nanocomposites for Full‐Screen Light Guide Plate
Authors: Zhu Zhicheng , Liu Chongming , Li Rui , Pan Kaibo , Yue Da , Zhou Yutong , Zhang Kai , Yang Bai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe full‐screen mobile phone can be fabricated by integrating the camera beneath the screen, which needs the nanocomposite light guide plate (nano‐LGP) with exceptional transparency and light‐guiding properties simultaneously. Choosing an appropriate nanoparticle with a high refractive index and exceptional compatibility within the polymer matrix is crucial for producing the nano‐LGP. In this study, the high refractive index carbonized polymer dots (HRI‐CPDs) are synthesized through the solvothermal treatment, achieving a refractive index value of 1.7220 at 450 nm. Subsequently, the modified HRI‐CPDs (mHRI‐CPDs)/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) nanocomposites are fabricated by copolymerizing the mHRI‐CPDs with methyl methacrylate . Due to the high visible light transmittance and Rayleigh scattering characteristics when light passes through the nanocomposites, this kind of nanocomposites is suitable for serving as nano‐LGPs. The potential of carbonized polymer dots as light‐scattering unit is originally explored to improve surface illuminance and uniformity of nano‐LGPs. The best‐performing 4.3‐inch LGP with 1.0 wt.% doping content shows 15.8 times higher surface illuminance and 2.1 times higher uniformity than pure PMMA. This new type of LGP based on mHRI‐CPDs/PMMA nanocomposite holds tremendous promise in conjunction with advanced liquid crystal display technology.
Enhanced Electrochemical Characterization of the Immune Checkpoint Protein PD‐L1 using Aptamer‐Functionalized Magnetic Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Ma Ying , Wu Maoqiang , Mo Fayin , Chen Zuanguang , Lu Jing , Sun Duanping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProgrammed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) is highly expressed in cancer cells and participates in the immune escape process of tumor cells. However, as one of the most promising biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy monitoring, the key problem ahead of practical usage is how to effectively improve the detection sensitivity of PD‐L1. Herein, an electrochemical aptasensor for the evaluation of tumor immunotherapy is developed based on the immune checkpoint protein PD‐L1. The fundamental principle of this method involves the utilization of DNA nanotetrahedron (NTH)‐based capture probes and aptamer‐modified magnetic metal‐organic framework nanocomposites as signaling probes. A synergistic enhancement is observed in the electrocatalytic effect between Fe3O4 and UiO‐66 porous shells in Fe3O4@UiO‐66 nanocomposites. Therefore, the integration of aptamer‐modified Fe3O4@UiO‐66@Au with NTH‐assisted target immobilization as an electrochemical sensing platform can significantly enhance sensitivity and specificity for target detection. This method enables the detection of targets at concentrations as low as 7.76 pg mL−1 over a wide linear range (0.01 to 1000 ng mL−1). The authors have successfully employed this sensor for in situ characterization of PD‐L1 on the cell surface and for monitoring changes in PD‐L1 expression during drug therapy, providing a cost‐effective yet robust alternative to highly expensive and expertise‐dependent flow cytometry.
Antioxidant Hydrogels: Antioxidant Mechanisms, Design Strategies, and Applications in the Treatment of Oxidative Stress‐Related Diseases
Authors: Hu Bin , Ouyang Yongliang , Zhao Tong , Wang Zhengyue , Yan Qiling , Qian Qinyuan , Wang Wenyi , Wang Shige 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOxidative stress is a biochemical process that disrupts the redox balance due to an excess of oxidized substances within the cell. Oxidative stress is closely associated with a multitude of diseases and health issues, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory conditions, and aging. Therefore, the developing of antioxidant treatment strategies has emerged as a pivotal area of medical research. Hydrogels have garnered considerable attention due to their exceptional biocompatibility, adjustable physicochemical properties, and capabilities for drug delivery. Numerous antioxidant hydrogels have been developed and proven effective in alleviating oxidative stress. In the pursuit of more effective treatments for oxidative stress‐related diseases, there is an urgent need for advanced strategies for the fabrication of multifunctional antioxidant hydrogels. Consequently, the authors' focus will be on hydrogels that possess exceptional reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species scavenging capabilities, and their role in oxidative stress therapy will be evaluated. Herein, the antioxidant mechanisms and the design strategies of antioxidant hydrogels and their applications in oxidative stress‐related diseases are discussed systematically in order to provide critical insights for further advancements in the field.
Ultrastrong and High Thermal Insulating Porous High‐Entropy Ceramics up to 2000 °C
Authors: Wen Zihao , Tang Zhongyu , Liu Yiwen , Zhuang Lei , Yu Hulei , Chu Yanhui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh mechanical load‐carrying capability and thermal insulating performance are crucial to thermal‐insulation materials under extreme conditions. However, these features are often difficult to achieve simultaneously in conventional porous ceramics. Here, for the first time, it is reported a multiscale structure design and fast fabrication of 9‐cation porous high‐entropy diboride ceramics via an ultrafast high‐temperature synthesis technique that can lead to exceptional mechanical load‐bearing capability and high thermal insulation performance. With the construction of multiscale structures involving ultrafine pores at the microscale, high‐quality interfaces between building blocks at the nanoscale, and severe lattice distortion at the atomic scale, the materials with an ≈50% porosity exhibit an ultrahigh compressive strength of up to ≈337 MPa at room temperature and a thermal conductivity as low as ≈0.76 W m−1 K−1. More importantly, they demonstrate exceptional thermal stability, with merely ≈2.4% volume shrinkage after 2000 °C annealing. They also show an ultrahigh compressive strength of ≈690 MPa up to 2000 °C, displaying a ductile compressive behavior. The excellent mechanical and thermal insulating properties offer an attractive material for reliable thermal insulation under extreme conditions.
Growth of Wafer‐Scale Single‐Crystal 2D Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Authors: Singh Jitendra , Astarini Nadiya Ayu , Tsai Meng‐Lin , Venkatesan Manikandan , Kuo Chi‐Ching , Yang Chan‐Shan , Yen Hung‐Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to extraordinary electronic and optoelectronic properties, large‐scale single‐crystal two‐dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers have gained significant interest in the development of profit‐making cutting‐edge nano and atomic‐scale devices. To explore the remarkable properties of single‐crystal 2D monolayers, many strategies are proposed to achieve ultra‐thin functional devices. Despite substantial attempts, the controllable growth of high‐quality single‐crystal 2D monolayer still needs to be improved. The quality of the 2D monolayer strongly depends on the underlying substrates primarily responsible for the formation of grain boundaries during the growth process. To restrain the grain boundaries, the epitaxial growth process plays a crucial role and becomes ideal if an appropriate single crystal substrate is selected. Therefore, this perspective focuses on the latest advances in the growth of large‐scale single‐crystal 2D TMD monolayers in the light of enhancing their industrial applicability. In the end, recent progress and challenges of 2D TMD materials for various potential applications are highlighted.
Momelotinib expands the therapeutic armamentarium for myelofibrosis: Impact on hierarchy of treatment choices
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Pardanani Animesh , Gangat Naseema 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of treatment in myelofibrosis (MF) is prolongation of life, which is currently accomplished only by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). Determination of optimal timing for AHSCT is facilitated by molecular risk stratification. Non‐transplant treatment options in MF are palliative in scope and include Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors (JAKi): momelotinib (FDA approved on September 15, 2023), ruxolitinib (November 16, 2011), fedratinib (August 16, 2019), and pacritinib (February 28, 2022); all four JAKi are effective in reducing spleen size and alleviating symptoms, considered a drug class effect and attributed to their canonical JAK–STAT inhibitory mechanism of action. In addition, momelotinib exhibits erythropoietic effect, attributed to alleviation of ineffective erythropoiesis through inhibition of activin A receptor type‐I (ACVR1). In transplant‐ineligible or deferred patients, the order of treatment preference is based on specific symptoms and individual assessment of risk tolerance. Because of drug‐induced immunosuppression and other toxicities attributed to JAKi, we prefer non‐JAKi drugs as initial treatment for MF‐associated anemia that is not accompanied by treatment‐requiring splenomegaly or constitutional symptoms. Otherwise, it is reasonable to consider momelotinib as the first‐line JAKi treatment of choice, in order to target the triad of quality‐of‐life offenders in MF: anemia, splenomegaly, and constitutional symptoms/cachexia. For second‐line therapy, we favor ruxolitinib, over fedratinib, based on toxicity profile. Pacritinib and fedratinib provide alternative options in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia or ruxolitinib‐resistance/intolerance, respectively. Splenectomy remains a viable option for drug‐resistant symptomatic splenomegaly and cytopenia.