bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Edible mushrooms: A sustainable novel ingredient for meat analogs
Authors: Singh Umesh , Tiwari Pooja , Kelkar Sneha , Kaul Dikshita , Tiwari Abhay , Kapri Mandira , Sharma Satyawati 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMeat products are ubiquitously consumed for their higher protein content and characteristic organoleptic properties. The enhanced capacities of meat production to meet the demands of the rapidly increasing global population is causing serious issues relating to health, environment, and animal welfare. Suitable meat alternatives that are protein‐rich, sustainable, and healthier are being continuously explored by scientists globally. In this direction, edible medicinal mushrooms can be used as promising healthier meat alternatives as they provide natural meaty texture, flavors and are also rich in proteins, essential amino acids, β‐glucans, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and antioxidants. Mushrooms have proven medicinal benefits including anticancer, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of the present review is to highlight the potential of edible mushrooms to produce meat analogs, various meat and nonmeat‐based studies focussing on mushrooms as key meat analog ingredients, impact on the product quality, associated nutraceutical aspects, consumer behavior and market availability of mushroom‐based meat analogs.
Role of solute carrier transporters in regulating dendritic cell maturation and function
Authors: Shao Lin , Yang Mengxin , Sun Tao , Xia Haotang , Du Dan , Li Xun , Jie Zuliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen‐presenting cells that initiate and regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Solute carrier (SLC) transporters mediate diverse physiological functions and maintain cellular metabolite homeostasis. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of SLCs in immune processes. Notably, upon activation, immune cells undergo rapid and robust metabolic reprogramming, largely dependent on SLCs to modulate diverse immunological responses. In this review, we explore the central roles of SLC proteins and their transported substrates in shaping DC functions. We provide a comprehensive overview of recent studies on amino acid transporters, metal ion transporters, and glucose transporters, emphasizing their essential contributions to DC homeostasis under varying pathological conditions. Finally, we propose potential strategies for targeting SLCs in DCs to bolster immunotherapy for a spectrum of human diseases.
High efficiency removal of ibuprofen in water using activated carbon derived from Radix Angelica Dahurica residue
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Xuemei , Li Xin , Li Weiyan , Mao Shanshan , He Shiyi , Wu Xiao , Tang Cuiqing , Yu Jiao , Pan Liqin , Zhou Xing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe exploitation and utilization of Traditional Chinese medicine have annually produced 30 million tons of waste residues including Radix Angelica Dahurica residue (RAR), which raised environmental concerns. Meantime, the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug of ibuprofen (IBP) is an emerging contaminant in the aquatic environment, annually producing up to 9000 tons in China. After extracting the active substance, RAR is prepared as activated carbon (AC) for the purification of IBP wastewater. Two kinds AC modified without (RAR‐AC) and with phosphoric acid (M‐RAR‐AC) were characterized by FT‐IR, TG, BET and SEM. The phosphoric acid activation contributed to the high BET surface area (564.9914 m2 g−1) and large total pore volume (0.4894 cm3 g−1). M‐RAR‐AC showed 7.7 folds (15 min) and 2.7 folds (30 min) higher extent of IBP removal compared to commercial activated carbon (C‐AC). The enhancement of IBP removal with M‐RAR‐AC was investigated further by varying initial pollutant concentration, absorbent dosage, temperature, pH and rotating speed. Especially, temperature nearly has no effect on IBP removal by M‐RAR‐AC. Isotherm and kinetic studies suggested IBP was adsorbed on the heterogeneous surface in multilayer form and chemisorption played the dominant role in IBP removal. IBP removal of 93.3 ± 0.1% and 64.2 ± 2.8% was achieved for first and fifth cycle, respectively. The IBP removal on M‐RAR‐AC may be accomplished by a variety of interactions such as electrostatic attraction, pore‐filling, hydrogen bonding, and π‐π interaction. These findings provide new insights into the utilization of RAR for preparing AC and highlight the potential applications for treating industrial wastewater.
Double‐deep Q‐learning‐based handover management in mmWave heterogeneous networks with dual connectivity
Authors: Wang Hao , Li Bo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMillimeter wave (mmWave) technology, with its abundant spectrum resources and ultra‐high bandwidth, plays a crucial role in meeting the ultra‐high throughput requirements of future 6G communication and supporting a large number of device connections. However, mmWave signals are highly susceptible to congestion, and the channel quality in mmWave links can be extremely unstable, posing a significant challenge to mobility management in mmWave networks. In this article, we present a deep reinforcement learning‐based dual connectivity (DC) handover strategy for mmWave cellular networks. The DC architecture ensures a continuous connection to the core network, reducing the likelihood of frequent service interruptions. Additionally, the proposed handover strategy employs deep reinforcement learning to select the optimal handover target node, further enhancing system performance. Compared to traditional single connectivity (SC) handover strategies, DC involves more intricate handover trigger conditions and processes. We extend several typical SC handover algorithms for DC and compare them with the proposed algorithms in this study. Through numerical simulations, we evaluate the performance of these algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm minimizes unnecessary handovers, reduces service interruption time, and achieves the highest throughput.
Determination of process parameters and precipitation methods for potential large‐scale production of sugar beet leaf protein concentrate
Authors: Akyüz Ayça , Tekin İdil , Aksoy Zülal , Ersus Seda 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSugar beet is one of the most produced industrial plants in the world, and during manufacturing it produces a large quantity of leaf waste. Because this waste is rich in protein, this study aimed to identify an efficient method for producing large‐scale protein concentrate from sugar beet leaves.RESULTSResults showed that protein extraction from fresh leaves was more effective than from dried leaves. Maximum protein extraction was achieved at pH 9, compared with pH 7 or 8. Blanching as a pretreatment reduced protein yield during isoelectric precipitation, with a yield of 2.31% compared to 20.20% without blanching. Consequently, blanching was excluded from the extraction process. After extraction, isoelectric precipitation, heat coagulation, and isoelectric–ammonium sulfate precipitation were compared. Although the latter resulted in the highest protein yield, Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that excessive salt was not removed during dialysis, making it unsuitable for scale‐up due to its additional cost and complexity. Therefore, isoelectric precipitation was selected as the appropriate method for protein precipitation from sugar beet leaves. To increase yield, extractions were assisted by ultrasound or enzyme addition. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction resulted in an increased protein yield from 20.20% to 28.60%, while Pectinex Ultra SP‐L‐assisted extraction was the most effective, increasing protein yield from 20.20% to 38.09%.CONCLUSIONProteins were extracted from fresh sugar beet leaves using optimum conditions (50 °C, 30 min, pH 9) and precipitated at isoelectric point, with enzymatic‐assisted extraction yielding the maximum protein recovery. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Applied Bayesian structural health monitoring: Inclinometer data anomaly detection and forecasting
Authors: Green David K. E. , Jaspan Adam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInclinometer probes are devices that can be used to measure deformations within earthwork slopes. This paper demonstrates a novel application of Bayesian techniques to real‐world inclinometer data, providing both anomaly detection and forecasting. Specifically, this paper details an analysis of data collected from across the entire UK rail network.Inclinometers are a standard tool of geotechnical site monitoring. Data from these instruments is often used in risk analysis and decision‐making. However, discerning anomalous data points and forecasting future behaviour from inclinometer data requires significant ‘engineering judgement’ (subjective appraisal). This is because the observational data is derived from complex physical phenomena and contains complex spatio‐temporal correlations. Additionally, the practical demands of data collected from remote sites over several years tends to introduce systematic errors. These issues make the interpretation of inclinometer data challenging.Practitioners have effectively two goals when processing monitoring data. The first is to identify any anomalous or dangerous movements, and the second is to predict potential future adverse scenarios by forecasting. In this paper we apply Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) techniques by implementing a Bayesian approach to anomaly detection and forecasting for inclinometer data. Subsequently, both costs and risks may be minimised by quantifying and evaluating the appropriate uncertainties. This framework may then act as an enabler for enhanced decision making and risk analysis.We show that inclinometer data can be described by a latent autocorrelated Markov process derived from measurements. This can be used as the transition model of a non‐linear Bayesian filter. This allows for the prediction of system states. This learnt latent model also allows for the detection of anomalies: observations that are far from their expected value may be considered to have ‘high surprisal’, that is they have a high information content relative to the model encoding represented by the learnt latent model.We successfully apply the forecasting and anomaly detection techniques to a large real‐world data set in a computationally efficient manner. Although this paper studies inclinometers in particular, the techniques are broadly applicable to all areas of engineering UQ and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM).
Waterborne parasites in Uganda: A survey in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area
Authors: Sente Celsus , Onyuth Howard , Tamale Andrew , Mali Bob , Namara Benigna Gabriela , Mugoya Jacob Gizamba , Omara Andrew Rwot 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic waterborne protozoa and helminths have the potential to cause infections in vulnerable populations such as children and immunocompromised individuals. Those residing in close proximity to wildlife‐protected areas in sub‐Saharan Africa, who are among the most economically disadvantaged, may have an increased susceptibility to these infections. This study aimed at detecting protozoan trophozoites/cysts, and helminth eggs in environmental and piped tap water (PTW) used by locals and tourists in the Queen Elizabeth Protected Area (QEPA) in western Uganda.MethodsWater samples were taken from the natural environment and domestic PTW sources. The samples were analysed for helminth eggs, free‐living amoeba (FLA) trophozoites/cysts, Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts. The parasites were examined under the microscope, after which they were identified and counted. The data was subjected to univariate analysis to compare the prevalence rates across the different sample sites. The variables were summed using the mean and standard error of the mean.ResultsThe overall prevalence rates of the protozoan parasites, from highest to lowest, were as follows: FLA (56.6%), Cryptosporidium spp. (38.2%), Giardia spp. (36.5%), Eimeria spp. (20.3%) and Paramecium spp. (2.7%). Similarly, helminth parasite prevalence was as follows: Strongyle (38.2%), Ascaris spp. (33.3%), Trematodes (25%), Strongyloides (10.5%), Toxocara spp. (8.3%) and Capillaria spp. (3.2%).ConclusionThe presence of parasites in natural water sources inside QEPA presents a significant hazard for the contamination of domestic water. It is imperative to implement established procedures for enhancing water quality.
Development of Tris‐(triazolyl)‐s–triazine Linker‐Based Cationic Amphiphiles: Stability and Gene Delivery Applications
Authors: Manturthi Shireesha , Narayan Kumar Pranav , Patri Srilakshmi V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe ability to readily be designed, manufactured, and described has made cationic lipids one of the highly adaptable vehicles for the transfer of DNA, RNA, and numerous additional therapeutic compounds. In this article, we synthesized a variety of Tris‐(triazolyl)‐s‐triazine linker‐based cationic lipids with different types of anchoring groups, and assessed the transfection efficacy. Specifically, two identical tails like either two alpha‐tocopherol domains or cholesterol domains or aliphatic chains (saturated), and on the other hand, two different tails, alpha‐tocopherol domain and cholesterol domain or alpha‐tocopherol domain and aliphatic chain (saturated) were employed as hydrophobic motifs to synthesize the cationic lipids. The stability, size, and surface charge of liposomes were performed by dynamic light scattering technique. Cytotoxicity study on cell survival showed that the synthesized lipids are less hazardous to the cells despite the fact that cationic lipids have large molecular structure. The lipid having di alpha‐tocopherol domains demonstrated phenomenal β‐galactosidase protein expression and enhanced green fluorescence expression in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Findings from the physico‐chemical and biological evaluations the developed lipids are compatible in various forms while maintaining low cytotoxicity and efficient carriers for nucleic acid delivery.
Highly‐Efficient 2D Nonfullerene Acceptors Enabled by Subtle Molecular Tailoring Engineering
Authors: Ding Yafei , Xiong Shilong , Li Mingpeng , Pu Mingrui , Zhu Yiwu , Lai Xue , Wang Yunpeng , Qiu Dongsheng , Lai Hanjian , He Feng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe conjugate expansion of nonfullerene acceptors is considered to be a promising approach for improving organic photovoltaic performance because of its function in tuning morphological structure and molecular stacking behavior. In this work, two nonfullerene acceptors are designed and synthesized using a 2D π‐conjugate expansion strategy, thus enabling the construction of highly‐efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared with YB2B (incorporating dibromophenanthrene on the quinoxaline‐fused core), YB2T (incorporating dibromobenzodithiophene on the quinoxaline‐fused core) has red‐shifted spectral absorption and better charge transport properties. Moreover, the more orderly and tightly intermolecular stacking of YB2T provides the possibility of forming a more suitable phase separation morphology in blend films. Through characterization and analysis, the YB2T‐based blend film is found to have higher exciton dissociation efficiency and less charge recombination. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.05% is achieved in YB2T‐based binary OSCs, while YB2B‐based devices only reached 10.94%. This study demonstrates the significance of the aromatic‐ring substitution strategy for regulating the electronic structure and aggregation behavior of 2D nonfullerene acceptors, facilitating the development of devices with superior photovoltaic performance.
Structural Engineering of Hard–Soft Carbon Hybrid Anodes for Ultrafast and Ultradurable Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhao Yineng , Zhang Yiqun , Zhu Chunliu , Wang Wei , Shi Jing , Liu Shuai , Chen Jingwei , Huang Minghua , Wu Jingyi , Wang Huanlei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHard–soft carbon hybrid materials, harvesting the expanded interlayer spacing of hard carbon and the high conductivity of soft carbon, hold great promise as anode materials for potassium‐ion batteries, but efficient and precise structural control remains a major challenge. Herein, hollow porous bowl‐like hard–soft carbon hybrid materials (BHSCs) are facilely synthesized by an in situ hard‐template strategy. It is found that the outer and inner walls of the hard carbon bowls are uniformly wrapped by graphene‐like soft carbon, which accelerates electron transport and promotes the insertion of potassium ions. Finite element simulation further reveals that the soft–hard–soft carbon shell structure releases stress during the insertion of potassium ions. As a result, BHSC anode exhibits an extraordinary rate capability (209 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1) and excellent cycle stability with a capacity of 208 mAh g−1 after 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Impressively, the as‐assembled potassium‐ion hybrid capacitor based on BHSC anode delivers a great energy/power density (116 Wh kg−1/12980 W kg−1) and outstanding capacity retention of 83% after 8000 cycles. This work provides guidance for rational structural design of hard–soft carbon hybrid materials to improve their potassium‐ion storage performance.
Fostering an “investigating mindset”: Why is it important in digital forensic science education?
Authors: Horsman Graeme , Ryser Elenore , Shavers Brett 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe importance of the field of digital forensics (DF) is growing, where digital evidence is increasingly recognized as a crucial part of many investigations. As a result, criminal justice systems rely on DF practitioners to conduct robust investigations of digital devices and their data, and interpret and present these results in a way that can be relied upon. Undertaking this task appropriately requires a practitioner to have a range of skills; however, focus is often placed on the need for and importance of technical competency. Technical skills are vital in this role, that cannot be in dispute; however, this work discusses the need for practitioners to also have an “investigative mindset.”This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation
Effect of co-trimoxazole and N-acetylcysteine alone and in combination on bacterial adherence on ureteral stent surface
Authors: AbdelRazek Mostafa , Mohamed Omar , Ashour Reham , Alemam Mohamed , El-Gelany Mohamed , Abdel-Kader Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo assess the effect of co-trimoxazole and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), alone and in combination, on bacterial adherence to biofilm formed on ureteral stent surfaces. This prospective randomized study was conducted on 636 patients who underwent double J ureteral stent insertion after variable urological procedures. Patients were randomized into four groups: A (n = 165), no antibiotics or mucolytics during stent indwelling; B (n = 153), oral NAC (200 mg/day for children aged < 12 years old and 600 mg/day for adults) during stent indwelling; C (n = 162), oral co-trimoxazole (2 mg TMP/kg/day) during stent indwelling; and D (n = 156), both oral NAC and co-trimoxazole during stent indwelling. Two weeks following double J stent (JJ stent) insertion, urinalysis was performed on all patients and urine culture was done for all the patients at the day of double J stent removal. The stent was removed 2 weeks postoperatively, and a stent segment sized 3–5 cm from the bladder segment of the stent was sent for culture. Positive stent cultures were found in 63.6% (105/165), 43.1% (66/153), 37% (60/162), and 19.2% (30/156) patients of groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. E. coli was the organism most commonly isolated from the stent culture in all groups. The combination of co-trimoxazole and NAC was more effective in reducing bacterial adherence on ureteral stent surfaces than either alone.
Niedrigwasseraufhöhung und Grundwasseranreicherung zwischen Klimaanpassung und Gewässerbewirtschaftung – Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Auslegung der Bewirtschaftungsziele der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
Authors: Reinhardt Michael 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Aufhöhung von Niedrigwasser oberirdischer Gewässer und die Anreicherung des Grundwassers
erlangen zunehmende Bedeutung als Maßnahmen zur künstlichen Kompensation klimabedingter Beeinträchtigungen
des natürlichen Wasserhaushalts. Der Beitrag nimmt eine erste wasserhaushaltsrechtliche Einordnung
vor und untersucht die überkommenen Bewirtschaftungsziele der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie unter dem Eindruck
der Bedürfnisse des Klimawandels. Danach sind Niedrigwasseraufhöhung und Grundwasseranreicherung
als Maßnahmen der Klimaanpassung nach geltendem Recht nicht Pflicht, sondern Kür der staatlichen
Gewässerbewirtschaftung.
Associations between ultrafine particle pollution and daily outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Shanghai, China: a time-series analysis
Authors: Yan Ran , Ying Shengjie , Jiang Yixuan , Duan Yusen , Chen Renjie , Kan Haidong , Fu Qingyan , Gu Yiqin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious epidemiological studies have linked short-term exposure to particulate matter with outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. However, evidence on ultrafine particle (UFP) is still scarce in China. To investigate the association between short-term UFP exposure and outpatient visits for respiratory diseases as well as the corresponding lag patterns, information on outpatient visits for main respiratory diseases during January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019 was collected from electronic medical records of two large tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, China. Generalized additive models employing a Quasi-Poisson distribution were employed to investigate the relationships between UFP and respiratory diseases. We computed the percentage change and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for outpatient visits related to respiratory diseases per interquartile range (IQR) increase in UFP concentrations. Based on a total of 1,034,394 hospital visits for respiratory diseases in Shanghai, China, we found that the strongest associations of total UFP with acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURTI), bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia occurred at lag 03, 03, 0, and 03 days, respectively. Each IQR increase in the total UFP concentrations was associated with increments of 9.02% (95% CI: 8.64–9.40%), 3.94% (95% CI: 2.84–5.06%), 4.10% (95% CI: 3.01–5.20%), and 10.15% (95% CI: 9.32–10.99%) for AURTI, bronchitis, COPD, and pneumonia, respectively. Almost linear concentration–response relationship curves without apparent thresholds were observed between total UFP and outpatient-department visits for four respiratory diseases. Stratified analyses illustrated significantly stronger associations of total UFP with AURTI, bronchitis, and pneumonia among female patients, while that with COPD was stronger among male patients. After adjustment of criteria air pollutants, these associations all remained robust. This time-series study indicates that short-term exposure to UFP was associated with increased risk of hospital visits for respiratory diseases, underscoring the importance of reducing ambient UFP concentrations for respiratory diseases control and prevention.