bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-velocity impact-resistance of aramid fiber three-dimensional woven textile-reinforced thermoplastic-epoxy composites
Authors: Liu Yajun , Natsuki Toshiaki , Suzuki Daisuke , Huang Canyi , Cui Lina , Ni Qing-Qing 
Published: December 2023

The development of impact-resistant composite materials for protective applications such as helmet and body armor has attracted considerable attention. In this study, a novel aramid fiber-woven thermoplastic-epoxy composite was developed. Furthermore, three types of woven textiles, namely three-dimensional (3D) orthogonal-woven (3DOW), 3D angle-interlock woven (3DAIW), and two-dimensional plain-woven (2DPW) textiles, were used as reinforcement structures. To study the effect of the woven structure, impact energy, and damage repairment on impact-resistance performance of these composites, low-velocity drop-weight impact tests with various impact scenarios, such as single-impact, repeated-impact, as well as multiple-impact with hot-press damage repairment, were conducted. The results revealed that the woven structure exhibited an obvious effect on the composite impact-resistance performance and failure modes when subjected to specific impact scenarios. For the single-impact scenario, especially under high impact energy levels (10 and 20 J), the 3DOW structure exhibited superior impact-resistance performance as well as damage tolerance, followed by 3DAIW and 2DPW structures. Furthermore, 3DOW achieved superior impact-resistance to the other two structures for the 10-J repeated-impact scenario. The 3DAIW structure, in which debonding or delamination as well as severe resin cracks dominated, achieved superior impact-resistance to multiple impacts with damage repairment.
RVX-208, an inducer of Apolipoprotein A-I, inhibits the particle production of hepatitis B virus through activation of cGAS-STING pathway
Authors: Shu Dan , Cheng Lin , Yuan Kefei , Liu Dan , Wei He 
Published: December 2023

Background Previously, we have demonstrated that Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) could inhibit the secretion of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), suggesting that stimulation of ApoA-I may block particle production. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-HBV effect of RVX-208, a small-molecule stimulator of ApoA-I gene expression. Methods RVX-208 was used to treat HepG2.2.15 cell, a HepG2 derived cell line stably producing HBV virus. Real-time PCR was performed to examine the HBV DNA levels. Magnetic particles, which were coated with anti-HBS or anti-HBE antibody, were used to examine the HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the supernatant of cultured HepG2.2.15 cells in combination with the enzyme conjugates that were prepared with horseradish peroxidase labelled anti-HBS or anti-HBE antibody in a double antibody sandwich manner. RNA-seq, immunoblots and real-time PCR were used to analyze the functional mechanism of RVX-208. Results RVX-208 could elevate the ApoA-I protein levels in HepG2.2.15 cells. In the meantime, RVX-208 significantly repressed HBV DNA, HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the supernatants of HepG2.2.15 cells. RNA-seq data revealed that RVX-208 treatment not only affected the cholesterol metabolism, which is closely related to ApoA-I, but also regulated signalling pathways that are associated with antiviral immune response. Moreover, mechanistic studies demonstrated that RVX-208 could activate cGAS-STING pathway and upregulate the transcription of a series of interferons, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines with antiviral potential that are at the downstream of cGAS-STING pathway. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that RVX-208, an inducer of ApoA-I, could suppress HBV particle production through activation of cGAS-STING pathway.
Accuracy and Feasibility of Synthetic CT for Lung Adaptive Radiotherapy: A Phantom Study
Authors: Zhao Ruifeng , Wang Xingliu , Wei Huanhai 
Published: December 2023

Objectives The respiratory variations will lead to inconsistency between the actual delivery dose and the planning dose. How the minor interfractional amplitude changes affect the geometry and dose delivery accuracy remains to be investigated in the context of lung adaptive radiotherapy. Methods Planning 4-dimensional-computed tomography and kV-cone beam computed tomography were scanned based on the Computerized Imaging Reference Systems phantom, which was employed to simulate the minor interfractional amplitude variations. The corresponding synthetic computed tomography for a particular motion pattern can be generated from Velocity program. Then a clinically meaningful synthetic computed tomography was analyzed through the geometrical and dosimetric assessment. Results The image quality of synthetic computed tomography was improved obviously compared with cone beam computed tomography. Mean absolute error was minimized when no significant interfractional motion occurs and Velocity can be qualified for dealing with the regular breathing motion patterns. The mean percent hounsfield unit difference of the synthetic hounsfield unit values per organ relative to the planning 4-dimensional-computed tomography image was 22.3%. Under the same conditions, the mean percent hounsfield unit difference of the cone beam computed tomography hounsfield unit values per organ, relative to the planning 4-dimensional-computed tomography image was 83.9%. Overall, the accuracy of hounsfield unit in synthetic computed tomography was improved obviously and the variability of the synthetic image correlates with the planning 4-dimensional-computed tomography image variability. Meanwhile, the dose-volume histograms between planning 4-dimensional-computed tomography and synthetic computed tomography almost coincided each other, which indicates that Velocity program can qualify lung adaptive radiotherapy well when there were no interfractional respiratory variations. However, for cases with obvious interfractional amplitude change, the volume covered at least by 100% of the prescription dose was only 59.6% for that synthetic image. Conclusion The synthetic computed tomography images generated from Velocity were close to the real images in anatomy and dosimetry, which can make clinical lung adaptive radiotherapy possible based on the actual patient anatomy during treatment.
Artificial intelligence (AI) in restorative dentistry: Performance of AI models designed for detection of interproximal carious lesions on primary and permanent dentition
Authors: Azhari Amr Ahmed , Helal Narmin , Sabri Leena M , Abduljawad Abeer 
Published: December 2023

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning methods in detecting dental caries from radiographic images. Methods A total of 771 bitewing radiographs were divided into two groups: adult (n = 554) and pediatric (n = 217). Two distinct semantic segmentation models were constructed for each group. They were manually labeled by general dentists for semantic segmentation. The inter-examiner reliability of the two examiners was also measured. Finally, the models were trained using transfer learning methodology along with computer science advanced tools, such as ensemble U-Nets with ResNet50, ResNext101, and Vgg19 as the encoders, which were all pretrained on ImageNet weights using a training dataset. Results Intersection over union (IoU) score was used to evaluate the outcomes of the deep learning model. For the adult dataset, the IoU averaged 98%, 23%, 19%, and 51% for zero, primary, moderate, and advanced carious lesions, respectively. For pediatric bitewings, the IoU averaged 97%, 8%, 17%, and 25% for zero, primary, moderate, and advanced caries, respectively. Advanced caries was more accurately detected than primary caries on adults and pediatric bitewings P < 0.05. Conclusions The proposed deep learning models can accurately detect advanced caries in permanent or primary bitewing radiographs. Misclassification mostly occurs between primary and moderate caries. Although the model performed well in correctly classifying the lesions, it can misclassify one as the other or does not accurately capture the depth of the lesion at this early stage.
Understanding the experiences and needs in autism education: A semi-structured interview among Chinese American parents of autistic children
Authors: Yang Xihan , Crehan Eileen T 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims The diversity of the autistic population seeking professional services and education in the United States has increased. As the diagnosis of autism increases among the Chinese American immigrant population, there is also an increasing need to learn about this population and provide appropriate intervention and education for this group. However, current education and intervention provided for autistic individuals tend to be culturally blind. Gaps were found in our understanding of the cultural context and its relationship with the education mechanisms among Chinese American autistic families. The current study intends to investigate how Chinese American parents perceive the education materials and intervention strategies received by their autistic children as well as their experiences and needs in the education process. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 10 Chinese American parents (one father and nine mothers) online. They all had children who had a formal diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and received some intervention or education. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the results. Results The study suggested that most Chinese American parents were satisfied with the current education materials and intervention strategies provided to their autistic children. Due to cultural-related stigma, parents differ in their perceptions of children's autism diagnosis and characteristics as well as their expectations of children's culturally sensitive education. A theoretical model was created to provide culture-centered interpretation of the interconnected relationship between their pre- and post-immigration contexts and parenting attitudes. Conclusions Culture plays a critical role in understanding Chinese American parents’ experiences, needs, and expectations of culturally sensitive education for their autistic children. Interconnected relationships were found between contexts and parenting attitudes, which were largely influenced by cultural-related stigma. Implications Suggestions and implications were provided for institutions and professionals working with Chinese American families and children. It is critical for them to learn about the experiences, needs, and attitudes of Chinese American parents to provide Chinese American autistic children with more appropriate and culturally sensitive education.
Association between Inflammatory Factors and Myeloproliferative Neoplasm: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Yang , Jia Chen , Sun Ting , Yang Renchi , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2023

Introduction : Mounting epidemiological and observational evidence supports the association between chronic inflammation and the development of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Despite ongoing research, the causal or biased nature of genetic associations with specific inflammatory biomarkers remains unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) and systemic regulators of inflammation on MPN using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach.
Methods: Genetic associations with MPN were derived from a publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 1,086 cases and 407,155 controls of European ancestry. Additionally, data on inflammation were extracted from two GWASs focusing on CRP and cytokines. The primary analysis employed inverse-variance weighted Mendelian randomization (MR) as the statistical method. To validate the findings, various sensitivity analyses, such as MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), were conducted simultaneously.
Results: The findings of our study indicate that decreased levels of macrophage-migration inhibitory factor (MIF, IVW estimate odds ratio [ORIVW] per SD genetic cytokines change: 0.641; 95% CI: 0.427-0.964; P=0.032) and elevated levels of interleukin-2 receptor α (lL2Rα,1.377,1.006-1.883; P=0.046) are associated with an elevated risk of MPN. Moreover, genetically predicted MPN is correlated with heightened levels of RANTES (IVW estimate β: 0.043, 95% CI: 0.002-0.084; P=0.039) and interleukin-10 (IL-10, 0.030, 0.001-0.060; P=0.041).
Conclusion: Our study provides evidence supporting the significant association between MIF and lL2Rαwith the etiology of MPN, while RANTES and interleukin-10 are more likely to be involved in MPN development. These findings offer valuable insights into the causal relationship between systemic inflammatory regulators and MPN, contributing to a better understanding of the etiology, prevention, and prognosis of MPN.
The Impact of Induction Regimens on Clinical Outcomes in Double and Triple-Hit Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies
Authors: Haddad Philip A , Powell Frankie , Gupta Ankita , Graham Christopher 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Double and triple hit lymphomas (DTHL) are aggressive high-grade lymphomas that harbor translocations of MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6. They constitute 6-14% of all aggressive B-cell lymphoma and have been associated with poor clinical outcomes. Though there is no established standard therapy for DTHL, induction chemotherapy vacillates between R-CHOP-like regimens, R-EPOCH, or more dose-intense regimens (DI) such as R-hyperCVAD/MA and CODOX-M/IVAC with or without consolidation with stem cell transplant. Currently, there are no randomized trials establishing a standard induction regimen. Furthermore, several retrospective studies reported conflicting results regarding the comparative benefits of these various induction approaches. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of induction chemotherapy regimens on the clinical outcomes of DTHL.
Methods:
A review of the medical literature was conducted using online databases. Inclusion criteria consisted of English language, diagnosis of DTHL, comparative studies of induction chemotherapy regimens, and studies that reported overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival. Studies that reported the aggregate outcome of mixed samples of DTHL and other lymphomas were excluded. A meta-analysis using the fixed effects and random effects models was conducted.
Results:
Seven retrospective comparative studies with a total of 1433 patients were included. The median age was 62 years, and the median follow-up was 27.5 months. DI regimens were associated with better PFS than R-CHOP-like regimens (HR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.66-0.99, p = 0.039) but without improved OS. R-EPOCH, including R-DA-EPOCH, regimens were associated with better PFS than R-CHOP-like regimens (HR = 0.62, 95%CI 0.43-0.91, p = 0.013) but without improved OS. R-HyperCVAD/MA regimen was associated with better PFS compared to R-CHOP-like regimens (HR = 0.64, 95%CI 0.47-0.87, p = 0.005) but without improved OS.
Conclusions:
This is the first and largest meta-analysis to show that induction DI regimens, in general, and R-EPOCH and R-HyperCVAD/MA regimens, in particular, are associated with better PFS than R-CHOP-like regimens in patients with DTHL. However, this advantage did not translate into a survival benefit.
Incidence of Infections Associated with the Use of Bispecific Antibodies in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Authors: Fares Amneh A , Martinez Diana , Musleh Ud Din Saba , Wilkinson Robert , Chavez Julio C , Vargas Madueno Fernando Manuel , Sandoval-Sus Jose 
Published: December 2023

Background: Despite recent advances in the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), most patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease are at high risk of dying from their disease. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are novel therapies with favorable response rates in R/R B-cell NHL even after cellular therapies. Mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab, glofitamab, and odronextamab are CD20 targeting BsAbs that have proven efficacy for R/R B-cell NHL. These treatments are generally well tolerated, but the infectious complications are not well described in the literature. Our study aims to quantify the relative incidence of infections associated with B-cell NHL targeted BsAbs.
Methods: We conducted a preliminary evaluation, of an ongoing pooled analysis encompassing single agent BsAbs used in B-cell NHL with no prior use of alternate BsAbs. Exclusion criteria included studies reporting the use of BsAbs as part of combination therapy and trispecific antibodies.
Results: A total of 546 B-cell NHL patients (number of trials, n=4) were treated with BsAbs in the studied period. Pooled median follow up was 11.7 . Relevant adverse events included all grade neutropenia in 26.9% (n=147/546), grade III/IV neutropenia in 20% (n=109/546), all grade infections in 40.1% (n=219/546), grade III/IV infections in 16.8% (n=92/546), all grade pneumonia in 7.2% (n=17/235), and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in 1.3% (n=3/235). Incidence of grade III/IV and all grade infections of the BsAbs in each study are shown in figure 1. In addition, all grade cytokine release syndrome was seen in 56.4% (n=308/546) and death was reported in 33 patients of which 4 (0.7%) were reported to be secondary to infections.
Conclusion: Data from this ongoing analysis better describes the various infectious risks of patients with B-cell NHL receiving BsAbs. Providers should remain vigilant regarding these risks and intervene promptly in such situations. The finalized pooled analysis with a larger sample size may corroborate these findings.
Dynamic Single-Cell Profiling Reveals Novel Immune Regulatory Mechanism of ITK Inhibitor Soquelitinib in Refractory T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Ding Ning , Xie Yan , Guo Yong , Li Kecheng , DU Tingting , Li Zhenjun , Li Yuejiao , Cao Jiaowu , Hu Dingyao , Hsu Lih-Yun , Miller Richard , Zhu Jun , Song Yuqin 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Interleukin 2 inducible T cell kinase (ITK) plays an important role in the T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway. The highly selective covalent ITK inhibitor, soquelitinib (formerly known as CPI-818), is being evaluated as a monotherapy in an ongoing Phase 1/1b trial in patients with refractory T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (NCT03952078). Single cell RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry were performed on patient samples to identify potential prognostic biomarkers and to study immune regulatory mechanisms.
Methods
Paired peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples were collected from 3 responding TCL patients treated with soquelitinib. Dynamic single cell RNA-seq and flow cytometry studies were performed and changes in gene expression profiling and signature gene enrichment were analyzed at baseline and on treatment.
Results
Single cell RNA-seq of mRNA expression demonstrated that soquelitinib induced expression of cytotoxic genes (PRF1, GZMB, GZMK, GZMA, GZMH, GNLY and NKG7) and effector genes (IFNG, EOMES, CST7), and reduced exhaustion genes (PDCD1, LAG3, CTLA4, HAVCR2) in normal CD8+ cells. KEGG and GSEA enrichment analysis revealed that Interferon-Gamma, IL-2-STAT5 and TNF-alpha related signaling pathways were upregulated; the protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that the hub gene TBX21 might play a central regulatory role. KEGG enrichment analysis also demonstrated that soquelitinib treatment significantly decreased DNA replication and cell cycle signaling in malignant T cells, and that normal CD4+ Treg cells within tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood were significantly reduced post soquelitinib treatment.
Flow cytometry analysis of the peripheral blood and intratumoral T cell subpopulations confirmed that the normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, especially Th1 cells and CD8+ terminally differentiated T effector memory cells were significantly increased and CD4+ Treg cells were decreased compared to baseline levels following soquelitinib treatment.
In addition, human T cell differentiation studies and EL4 syngeneic tumor bearing mice studies confirmed the immunomodulatory effect of soquelitinib in the tumor microenvironment in vitro and in vivo. Similar results were also observed in the murine syngeneic B cell lymphoma A20, breast cancer 4T1 and colon cancer CT26.WT models.
Conclusions
Our findings reveal a novel immune regulatory mechanism by which the ITK inhibitor soquelitinib induced normal CD4+ Th1 cells and CD8+ TEMRA cells and reduced CD4+ Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment in responding patients. These findings demonstrate the potential of soquelitinib as a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of T-cell lymphomas and solid tumors.
Antinuclear and Specific Autoantibodies Predict Autoimmune Disease in Sickle Cell Patients: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Truffinet Frederic , Compain Caroline , Manea Maria Elena , Habibi Anoosha , Fois Elena , Audureau Etienne , Hue Sophie , Michel Marc , Bartolucci Pablo 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD), the most frequent genetic disorder, can be associated with systemic autoimmune diseases (ADs). High levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are commonly described in SCD, as alloimmunization after blood transfusion. However, the specificity and the prognostic value of ANA have not been fully determined.
We aimed to evaluate the association of ANA with AD development during long-term follow-up in SCD patients. Our secondary goal was to assess mortality and serious SCD-related events in this population.
Patients and methods: We conducted a single-center longitudinal cohort study on 66 adult SCD patients with ANA titers ≥1/320 at baseline followed over a 13 year-period. Patients known to have an AD (n=9) were excluded from the risk analysis.
Results: During follow-up, 13 out of 57 patients (23%) developed AD. Patients with ANA titers ≥1/1280 had a 3-fold increased risk of developing AD (RR 3.4[1.4;8.6]) and a 9-fold increased risk in the presence of specific autoantibodies (anti-DNA, anti-ENA, RF or ACPA) (RR 9.0[3.7;23]) with a positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%. When these two immunological features were associated, specificity and PPV reached 100%, with a NPV of 84%. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of serious SCD-related events or mortality rate according to AD.
Conclusions: Sickle cell patients with high level of antinuclear antibodies and specific autoantibodies are at high risk of developing AD. The occurrence of AD does not seem to have a significant impact on the course and severity of SCD.