bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-223-3p Prevents Necroptotic Macrophage Death by Targeting Ripk3 in a Negative Feedback Loop and Consequently Ameliorates Advanced Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jia Yunhui , Cheng Lianping , Yang Jiaxuan , Mao Jiaqi , Xie Yuhuai , Yang Xian , Zhang Xin , Wang Dingxin , Zhao Zhen , Schober Andreas , Wei Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
The formation of large necrotic cores results in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, which can lead to severe cardiovascular diseases. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms underlying the development of necrotic cores remain unclear.

METHODS:

To evaluate how the modes of lesional cell death are reprogrammed during the development of atherosclerosis, the expression levels of key proteins that are involved in the necroptotic, apoptotic, and pyroptotic pathways were compared between different stages of plaques in humans and mice. Luciferase assays and loss-of-function studies were performed to identify the microRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism that protects foamy macrophages from necroptotic cell death. The role of this mechanism in atherosclerosis was determined by using a knockout mouse model with perivascular drug administration and tail vein injection of microRNA inhibitors in
Apoe

−/−

mice.

RESULTS:

Here, we demonstrate that the necroptotic, rather than the apoptotic or pyroptotic, pathway is more activated in advanced unstable plaques compared with stable plaques in both humans and mice, which closely correlates with necrotic core formation. The upregulated expression of Ripk3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3) promotes the C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta)-dependent transcription of the microRNA miR-223-3p, which conversely inhibits Ripk3 expression and forms a negative feedback loop to regulate the necroptosis of foamy macrophages. The knockout of the
Mir223
gene in bone marrow cells accelerates atherosclerosis in
Apoe

−/−

mice, but this effect can be rescued by
Ripk3
deficiency or treatment with the necroptosis inhibitors necrostatin-1 and GSK-872. Like the
Mir223
knockout, treating
Apoe

−/−

mice with miR-223-3p inhibitors increases atherosclerosis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study suggests that miR-223-3p expression in macrophages protects against atherosclerotic plaque rupture by limiting the formation of necrotic cores, thus providing a potential microRNA therapeutic candidate for atherosclerosis.
Logic, ‘Logic,’ ‘Luoji,’ and 邏輯: Zhang Shizhao and the Translation of ‘Logic’ into Chinese
Authors: Beaney Michael , Liang Xiaolan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this article we discuss Zhang Shizhao’s famous essay “Lun Fanyi Mingyi〈論翻譯名義〉” (On the Meanings of Names in Translation), which played a key role in establishing what is now the standard translation of ‘logic’ into Chinese, sketching the historical context and analyzing and evaluating the argument he gives for providing a phonemic rather than semantic translation.
The Position of the European Security Architecture within the International Legal Order
Authors: White Nigel D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the universal architecture for peace and security centred upon the UN Charter of 1945 and the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 being built on great power foundations, there are manifest problems when there is no consensus amongst those great powers in the face of existential threats to peace and security. The question considered in this article is whether the European Security Architecture (ESA), consisting of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the European Union (EU), can forge a different and distinct path that can provide security for States and individuals while remaining within the international rule of law. In contrast to the executive-dominated universal collective security system, power and authority in the ESA are much more diffuse, fluid and overlapping, with a mixture of foundational documents ranging from the constitutional/supranational (the EU), contractual (NATO) and political (the OSCE), as well as a range of overlapping competences, powers and practice in: peaceful settlement; the promotion of human rights and democracy; the enforcement of fundamental rules of international law by non-forcible measures; collective defence commitments; crisis management; and nuclear deterrence. The ESA, though less constitutional in a hierarchical sense when compared to the UN/NPT system, promises greater connection between security and law, but is it capable of deterring and confronting naked aggression and other egregious violations of international law?
The Principle of non-refoulement at Sea and Its Implications for Rescue Operations: the Corte di Cassazione’s Judgment in the Vos Thalassa Case
Authors: Carpanelli Elena 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On 26 April 2022, the Corte di Cassazione published its decision relating to the socalled Vos Thalassa case, whereby it overturned the Corte d’appello’s judgment and acknowledged that migrants rescued at sea, who forcibly oppose their return to a place where they would face the risk of being subjected to torture or other ill-treatment, could avail themselves of self-defence as per Article 52 of the Italian Criminal Code. From an international law standpoint, the judgment is relevant for at least two reasons. First, it seemingly reiterated, at least prima facie, that Italian judicial practice had integrated the protection of human rights – and more specifically, the non-refoulement principle – in the very notion of a place of safety, provided for in law of the sea treaties. Second, it conferred jus cogens status on the principle of non-refoulement as a result of it being a component of the norm outlawing torture and other ill-treatment. This article places the Corte di Cassazione’s conclusions concerning these two aspects within the broader debate on the meaning of the notion of a place of safety and the jus cogens nature of the non-refoulement principle. In particular, it is concluded that in both cases, the Corte’s findings, while significant, raise doubts as to their consistency within the relevant international legal framework and would have benefitted from a more-in depth analysis.
Diversity, abundance, and habitat utilization of medium and large-sized mammals in Debre-Libanos Monastery Forest, central part of Ethiopia
Authors: Desalegn Tamenut , Abebe Belayneh , Abate Degu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate the diversity, abundance, and habitat utilization patterns of medium and large-sized mammals in the Debre-libanos Monastery forest, Ethiopia. The survey was conducted from December 2019 to October 2020, considering the wet and dry seasons. A stratified sampling design was applied, dividing the study area into four habitat types based on the vegetation composition and cover (i.e., Natural forest, Plantation, Cliff/Rocky, and Settlement). Both direct and indirect observations were used along the transect lines to identify mammal species. Indirect evidence included tracks, dens, droppings, hair, and other signs. Nineteen transect lines of 0.5‒1 km in length were established. The distance between transects was 200 m to avoid double counting. A total of 11 medium and large-sized mammal species belonging to 6 orders and eight families were identified during the study period. Carnivores and primates were the dominant orders, accounting for 36.4% and 27.3% of the species, respectively. Among primates, the Gelada baboon (Theropithecus gelada) is endemic to Ethiopia. The highest diversity of medium and large-sized mammals was observed in the natural forest during the dry season (Hʹ = 1.44), and the lowest diversity was recorded in the settlement during the dry season (Hʹ = 0.77). The abundance of different mammal species varied significantly from an even distribution (χ2 = 7344.9, df = 10, p < 0.001) and was not consistent among the four habitat types (Species × Habitat type interaction; Fisher-Freeeman-Halton exact test; χ2 = 649.3, df = 30, p < 0.001). High similarity in species composition was observed between the natural forest and plantation (SI = 0.94), whereas low similarity occurred between the cliff/rocky and settlement habitat types (SI = 0.18). Gelada baboon abundance was high; therefore, communities and government bodies must pay attention and conserve this species in the area.
Far-Reaching Effects of Okhotsk Sea Ice Area on Sea Surface Heat Flux, Lower Atmosphere, and Ocean Mixed Layer
Authors: Nakamura Tomohiro , Takahashi Yusuke , Nakanowatari Takuya , Mitsudera Humio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The impact of interannual variations in sea ice area in the Okhotsk Sea was investigated through a composite analysis of years with extensive and limited sea ice areas (referred to as heavy and light ice years, respectively), using atmospheric and oceanic reanalysis data. The comparison of heavy and light ice-year composites in February revealed a substantial decrease in upward surface turbulent heat flux in the Okhotsk Sea (∼−250 W m−2) and a notable increase in a surprisingly extensive region in the western North Pacific (30–120 W m−2), spanning 2300 km from the ice edge. These differences were consistent with the decrease in surface air temperature and specific humidity, suggesting that during heavy ice years, cold and dry air blowing from Siberia to the North Pacific via the Okhotsk Sea undergoes less modification over larger sea ice areas, remaining colder and drier in the North Pacific and thereby enhancing the heat flux. Such advection can be associated with the Asian winter monsoon and migratory cyclones. Cloud cover and surface radiation flux altered consistently with these differences, although longwave and shortwave radiation largely counterbalanced each other. Additionally, the Pacific storm track exhibited variation. In accordance with the heat flux difference, sea surface temperature decreased, and the ocean mixed layer deepened around the subarctic during heavy ice years. These findings suggest that sea ice area in the Okhotsk Sea influences the lower atmosphere and surface ocean in the North Pacific. Such impacts could further affect ocean nutrient circulation, ecosystems, and atmospheric teleconnections.

Significance Statement
Sea ice cover influences heat exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. Advection of less heated air over larger sea ice areas can enhance heat exchange downwind, and vice versa. We found that this was effective in the Okhotsk Sea, situated along the path of the Asian winter monsoon. Upward surface heat flux increased significantly across a vast region of the North Pacific associated with colder and drier air during years with larger sea ice areas. Additionally, cloud cover, Pacific storm track, sea surface temperature, and ocean mixed layer depth exhibited significant differences associated with sea ice area. These variations could impact ocean heat content, nutrient circulation, and primary production in the North Pacific, and atmospheric circulation in North America and Europe.
Modeling Variability in Tropical Cyclone Maximum Wind Location and Intensity Using InCyc: A Global Database of High-Resolution Tropical Cyclone Simulations
Authors: Bruneau Nicolas , Loridan Thomas , Hannah Nic , Dubossarsky Eugene , Joffrain Mathis , Knaff John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
While tropical cyclone (TC) risk is a global concern, high regional differences exist in the quality of available data. This paper introduces InCyc, a globally consistent database of high-resolution full-physics simulations of historical cyclones. InCyc is designed to facilitate analysis of TC wind risk across basins and is made available to research institutions. We illustrate the value of this database with a case study focused on key wind risk parameters, namely, the location and intensity of peak winds for the North Atlantic and western North Pacific basins. A novel approach based on random forest algorithms is introduced to predict the full distribution of these TC wind risk parameters. Based on a leave-one-storm-out evaluation, the analysis of the predictions shows how this innovative approach compares to other parametric models commonly used for wind risk assessment. We finally discuss why capturing the full distribution of variability is crucial as well as the broader use in the context of TC risk assessment systems (i.e., “catastrophe models”).
Morphological, chemical, thermal and mechanical analysis of doum fibers as potential reinforcement of polymer composites
Authors: Drouiche Fériel , Laouici Hamdi , Cheikh Mohammed 
Published: November 2023

The research article addresses, a novel natural cellulosic fiber namely Doum Palm Leaf Stalk Fibers (DPLSF) were extracted from Doum palm tree ( Chamaerops humilis L.) are rich in cellulose, relatively inexpensive, and readily available in Algeria. The characteristic analysis on morphological, physiochemical, thermal and mechanical proprieties of the extracted raw and treated DPLSF with 20% sodium bicarbonate at various times of treatment were exanimated by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction method (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermos gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The SEM micrographs of the longitudinal topographic surface of the DPLSF after chemical treatment with sodium bicarbonate at various times treatment indicated that the removed the waxy layer and impurities from surface and formed a roughened surface. XRD analysis further confirmed the treatment’s positive effect on the fibers, with the crystallinity index increasing from 71.43% to 81.03%. However, FTIR analysis showed minimal changes in the peak position and intensity of transmittance. The TGA/DTG results revealed a significant mass loss in treated DPLSF, while thermal stability improved from 290°C to 330°C. Additionally, we analyzed the mechanical tensile properties of the treated fibers and observed that fibers treated at 20% NaHCO3 for 24 h exhibited the highest Young's modulus 8.63 GPa. To validate the experimental findings, we compared individual DPLSF results to a numerical simulation using ABAQUS code. This study underscores the potential of DPLSF as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fibers, offering immense promise for diverse applications.
Youth-caregiver relationship quality in residential youth care: Professionals’ perceptions and experiences
Authors: Magalhães Eunice , Ferreira Margarida , Ornelas Sandra , Silva Carla Sofia , Camilo Cláudia , Calheiros Maria Manuela 
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of professionals working in residential care (RC) settings (i.e., caregivers and directors) about youth-caregiver relationship quality (YCRQ). Method: A qualitative study was developed in Portugal including 15 caregivers (73.3% women, 23–50 years) and 15 directors (73.3% women, 34–45 years) working in 18 generalist RC units. Data were collected through six focus groups using a semi-structured interview script. Data were analyzed following a content analysis approach using NVIVO 12 software. Results: Our findings revealed that the concept of YCRQ in RC was mainly described in terms of good qualities, and the organizational determinants of YCRQ relationships were most mentioned both by caregivers and directors (i.e., organizational social context, intervention models and strategies). Individual characteristics of youth and staff were less described as determinants of YCRQ. These findings provide important insights for practice. Conclusions: efforts should be made to design interventions in RC that aim to improve its organizational social climate so as to provide caregivers with the necessary support and resources that enable them to enhance positive YCRQ.
Early Adolescent Online Sexual Risks on Smartphones and Social Media: Parental Awareness and Protective Practices
Authors: Allison Kendra , Dawson Robin M. , Messias DeAnne K. Hilfinger , Culley Joan M. , Brown Nancy 
Published: November 2023

Early adolescent children communicate on smartphones and social media, resulting in online sexual risks and potential adverse health outcomes. This study investigated parents’ awareness of early adolescent engagement in online sexual risks on smartphones and social media and the protective practices used to mitigate these risks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 English-speaking parents of early adolescent children 11–14 years old in North and South Carolina. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach and thematic analysis. Parents expressed awareness of online sexual risks on smartphones and social media and engaged in protective practices to mitigate online risks, including communication and restrictions tailored to accessed content and social connections with unknown individuals online. Professionals can support parents through education targeted to risks and protective measures associated with these online devices and platforms.
Perceptions of black and minoritised ethnic occupational therapists on mentoring: A survey
Authors: Atwal Anita , Sriram Vimal , McKay Elizabeth Anne 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Mentorship is perceived as a mechanism to enhance career progression. Within occupational therapy, there is little research to demonstrate the effectiveness of mentoring on career success and no research has explored its relevance for black and minoritised ethnic (BME) occupational therapists. This research explored the experience of mentoring for career progression from a BME perspective using a survey. Methods: An online survey was conducted with occupational therapists in the United Kingdom who identified as BME. The primary recruitment method was a convenience sample via a BME network and through its other links. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and report the data. Findings: In all, 54 BME occupational therapists completed the survey. Most BME therapists had never requested a BME mentor, but most wanted a BME mentor. Active allyship was viewed as an important part of mentorship when mentored by a white therapist. Conclusion: This research is the first study in occupational therapy to examine the mentoring experiences and needs of BME therapists. It is a call for action to recognise and reorient the approach and understanding of the structures and experiences of BME mentorship.
The socio-demographics and clinical profile of patients referred to the GP liaison psychiatry service within a metropolitan Aboriginal medical service
Authors: Clark Belinda , Green Sonya , Gill Neeraj 
Published: November 2023

Objective This study aimed to describe the social demographics and clinical profile of patients referred to the psychiatry service within the local Queensland metropolitan Aboriginal Medical Service (AMS). Method This was a retrospective cohort study of patients referred to the psychiatry service provided at three clinics of a metropolitan AMS, over an 18-month period. Medical records were accessed to determine demographic and diagnostic information. Results Diagnostically, 53% of patients had mood/anxiety disorders, 10% psychosis, 23% substance use and 14% with other diagnoses. There was approximately 50% non-attendance rate with no statistical difference between gender and age groups. The highest proportion of non-attenders within age groups was males 45–54 years old. The patients needed to travel an average of 20 km to attend the AMS. Conclusion The high non-attendance rates, and proportionately more males within the age group 45–54 years who were more likely to not attend their mental health appointments, suggested a target area for outreach services which have been implemented in the AMS. Some of the recommended solutions included confirming attendance the day prior and supporting with transport. This study highlighted the large distance that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people must travel to access culturally appropriate service.
Community and hospital academic performance of working nurse interns: A mixed-methods study in Peru
Authors: Moya-Salazar Jeel , Quispe-Pariona Roxana , Cañari Betsy , Moya-Salazar Belén , Goicochea-Palomino Eliane A 
Published: November 2023

Introduction and Objective: Nursing is a professional career that requires patient-specialized care. To this end, it requires a high academic performance during undergraduate studies. However, some factors that can influence the academic performance of nursing students have been noticed during the internship. We aimed to determine the hospital and community-academic performance of nurse interns who work. Materials and Methods: We designed a 3-year mixed study carried out with students of the Universidad Norbert Wiener. We interviewed 15 students about their academic performance, the consequences of studying while working, internship, family, and academic activities. Using the quantitative approach, we analyzed the evaluations of 321 students between 2016 and 2018. Results: The qualitative approach showed that students had certain difficulties in their clinical internship because they worked and studied simultaneously. Despite this, their academic performance was remarkable in both internship programs, and 10% of students had an outstanding performance. This performance is subject to personal, economic, and family factors that affect students in their last year of undergraduate studies. Conclusions: Working nursing interns had a remarkable academic performance during community and hospital internships. This performance is influenced by personal, financial, and family factors that affect students in their final year of undergraduate study.