bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the RTOG recursive partitioning classification for head and neck tumors
Authors: Cooper Jay S. , Berkey Brian , Marcial Victor , Fu Karen K. , Lee D. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackgroundWe previously demonstrated that a mathematical technique called recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), when applied to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Head and Neck Cancer database, created rules that formed subgroups (“classes”) having unique outcomes. We sought to learn if the application of RPA‐derived rules to a new head and neck database would create classes that were similarly associated with outcome and thereby validate this technique.MethodsThe rules derived from recursive partitioning analysis of the previous database were used to subgroup an independent, new head and neck cancer database (RTOG 85‐27), created as part of a phase III trial of the hypoxic‐cell radiosensitizer, Etanidazole. The resulting classes were compared with each other and with the classes formed from the previous database.ResultsThe rules derived by RPA from our previous database correctly grouped the tumors in the new database into unique classes of similar outcome. RPA could successfully use either survival or local‐regional control of disease as the measure of outcome. As judged by comparison of the 95% confidence intervals, the outcome of the classes in the new database is essentially indistinguishable from the outcome of the classes in the previous database.ConclusionRPA‐derived rules provide a reliable method to assort head and neck tumors into unique classes that are predictive of outcome. These rules can be successfully applied to new databases that were not used in the creation of the rules and thereby validate the methodology. Head Neck 23: 669–677, 2001.
Hand–arm vibration in a group of hand‐operated grinding tools
Authors: Wasserman Donald E. , Hudock Stephen D. , Wasserman Jack F. , Mullinix Logan , Wurzelbacher Steven J. , Siegfried Karl V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractVibration acceleration was triaxially and basicentrically measured, and digital‐audio‐tape‐recorded with each axis separately evaluated using both the ANSI S3.34 and ACGIH hand‐arm vibration (HAV) guidelines, for two pairs of pneumatic handheld grinders commonly used in metal fabrication operations including shipyards. Each tool pair consisted of a new and used grinder of the same model, performing the same simulated grinding tasks using new small grinding wheels, carbide burrs, wire brushes, and flap wheels. The results of this limited study showed, primarily, that the HAV standards were not exceeded, but there was a consistent tendency for the acceleration levels to increase between new and used tools, ranging from 11% to 66% on the Z‐axis, 13% to 66% on the Y‐axis, 44% to 58% on the X‐axis, when tasks involved using grinding wheels and carbide burrs (hard implements). The results were mixed when using disposable wire brushes and flap wheels (softer implements). The overall results suggest the need for and implementation of a regular tool vibration monitoring and maintenance program as a primary element to help maintain tool acceleration levels to a minimum. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coping with job stress in industries: A cognitive approach
Authors: Lee Sun‐Kyu , Lee WookGee 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study examined the roles of the coping strategies used by individuals to cope with job stress. The coping strategy was formed throughout the cognitive appraisal of the stressful events. It was found that direct action coping strategy shows negative relations with job stressors, whereas there are positive relations between stressors and other coping strategies. This implies that direct action coping strategy is used to alleviate the job stress by affirmatively changing the deleterious effects of job stressors in the work environment, while other coping strategies led to the positive impact on job stress or negative impact on job performance. To secure the usability and applicability of the model in practice, more considerations in the future should be made on the mediating variables such as personality type and social support, which are possible variables impacting the selection of coping strategy. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Research on corrugated multi‐louvered fins under dehumidification
Authors: Osada Hiroshi , Aoki Hiroshi , Ohara Toshio , Kuroyanagi Isao 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTo enhance automotive evaporator wet‐fin performances, the main task is to promote the draining of condensed water. An accurate and convenient apparatus estimating the fin performances has been developed. Through the measurement of corrugated multi‐louvered fin performances and the visualization of condensed water draining by this apparatus, it was clarified that fin geometries, surface coating, and evaporator installation strongly contributed to the efficiency of draining and fin performances. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(5): 383–393, 2001
Enhancement of boiling heat transfer in restricted spaces in compact horizontal tube bundles
Authors: Liu Zhen‐Hua , Chen Yu‐Ming 
Published: August 2002

Abstractln desalinization devices and some heat exchangers making use of low‐quality heat energy, both wall temperatures and heat fluxes of heated tubes are quite low and generally cannot cause boiling in flooded‐type tube bundle evaporators with a large tube spacing. But when the tube spacing is very small, boiling in restricted spaces can occur and induce a higher heat transfer than that of a falling film or pool boiling at the same heat flux. This study investigated experimentally the effects of tube spacing, positions of tubes, and heating status of tubes as well as surface status (smooth and roll‐worked) on boiling in restricted spaces in compact horizontal tube bundle evaporators under atmospheric pressure. The experimental results provide a restricted space boiling database for water in smooth and enhanced surface tube bundles. Of particular importance is information concerning the influence of tube spacing of flooded‐type tube bundle evaporators, especially for the case of zero pitch, when the neighboring tubes are contacting each other. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(5): 394–401, 2001
A numerical treatment of phase interface by CIP and enthalpy method
Authors: Jang Kyung‐Chun , Hong Hiki , Kim Charn‐Jung 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe CIP (Cubic‐Interpolated Pseudoparticle/Propagation) method can treat all of the phase states (solid, liquid, and gas) together and can trace a sharp interface without changing of the grid or topology. The material interface can be captured almost by one grid because the numerical diffusion can be decreased by CIP. For this advantage, if we are able to adopt CIP on a general FVM code, we can easily treat a variety of phase change problems in which the phase interfaces need to be traced. In this paper, an unsteady close‐contact melting phenomenon is analyzed by combining CIP with the enthalpy method. The film growth rate and the phase interface's moving rate are compared with the analytic solution and the acceptability and usefulness of this method are evaluated. The obtained results agree quite well with the published analytic solutions. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(6): 463–472, 2001
Personality pathology, depression and HPA axis functioning
Authors: Schweitzer I. , Tuckwell V. , Maguire K. , Tiller J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning, as measured by the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), has been extensively investigated in major depressive disorder (MDD). Evaluating DST response in MDD patients while simultaneously considering clinically relevant personality disorders may further clarify the contribution of both personality pathology and HPA axis function to depressive symptoms. The present study measured personality pathology by administering the revised version of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI‐II) in a sample of 25 patients diagnosed with MDD. Analyses revealed that suppressors (n = 19) scored significantly higher than non‐suppressors (n = 6) on six of the 13 MCMI‐II personality disorder scales: Avoidant, Schizoid, Self‐Defeating, Passive‐Aggressive, Schizotypal and Borderline. Increased personality pathology was associated with normal suppression of cortisol following the DST. This suggests that suppression of the DST may be associated with depressive states linked with personality pathology while the more biologically based depression is associated with abnormal HPA pathophysiology. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluvoxamine is ineffective in the treatment of enuresis in children and adolescents: an open‐label pilot study
Authors: Toren Paz , Eldar Sofia , Laor Nathaniel , Wolmer Leo , Samuel Eliahu , Weizman Ronit 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTricyclic antidepressants possess established antienuretic properties. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have similar antidepressant properties to the tricyclic antidepressants and a safer side effect profile. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antienuretic efficacy of one SSRI, fluvoxamine. Nine children aged 9 to 14 years with primary enuresis which was resistant to behavioral therapy participated in the study. All received fluvoxamine, 75–100 mg per day. In four, the enuresis was the only focus of clinical attention, and five received fluvoxamine for other primary indications. Enuresis was monitored daily, and mean voiding frequency was compared between three phases: baseline, on treatment and off treatment. Fluvoxamine had no statistically significant effect on enuresis. Fluvoxamine does not seem to possess significant antienuretic properties. We suggest that the combination of serotonergic with anticholinergic activity is a major factor in the antienuretic activity. In the treatment of children or adolescents with obsessive‐compulsive disorder and comorbid enuresis, clomipramine may be preferred over SSRIs. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Particulate heavy metal transport in the lower Paraíba do Sul River basin, southeastern, Brazil
Authors: Salomão M. S. M. B. , Molisani M. M. , Ovalle A. R. C. , Rezende C. E. , Lacerda L. D. , Carvalho C. E. V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn the present study an attempt has been made to calculate the mass transfers of suspended particulate matter and associated heavy metal within the lower portion of the Paraíba do Sul River drainage basin and the contribution of its tributaries. The highest metal loads were related with the highest water flows and, consequently, with the highest suspended particulate matter loads, which increased both by surface runoff and sediment resuspension. The highest flow month for the total transported load contributed between 34 and 66% of the total metal transported per year. The total load transported during the entire rainy season ranges from 82 to 93% of the total transported load. The importance of the tributary input for the total transported load of the Paraíba do Sul River was generally lower than 10%, although in some months, when the Paraíba do Sul River had low water discharge and strong local rain occurred, this increased upto 40%. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling diurnal cycles in point rainfall properties
Authors: Gyasi‐Agyei Yeboah 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA hybrid model for point rainfall has been explored to model the diurnal cycles in rainfall properties. The hybrid model is a product of two random processes: an occurrence process and an intensity process. Two occurrence process models, first‐order Markov chain and periodic discrete autoregressive, were compared initially. Fourier series was fitted to the properties of the occurrence and intensity processes of the observed data in order to reduce the number of model parameters. The Bayesian and Akaike information criteria were used to identify the optimum number of harmonics of the Fourier series. Simulation results of the two hybrid models were similar, if not identical, and compared well with the observed. In the average sense, the introduction of diurnal cycles in the model parameters did not improve the reproduction of the observed aggregation properties of the occurrence process. However, the diurnal distributions of the aggregation statistics were significantly improved by increasing the order of the Markov chain model. Also the information criteria tend to favour higher than first‐order Markov chain models. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saline wetlands related to groundwater flows from low permeability Tertiary formations in the Somontano area of Huesca, Spain
Authors: Sánchez Navarro J. A. , Coloma López P. , Pérez García A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPresence of groundwater flow in the ‘Somontano de Huesca’ Area, derived from low‐permeability detrital Tertiary rocks, is considered. A groundwater flow model is constructed for these Tertiary rocks. This model explains both water flow through them and the chemical characteristics of the water.Groundwater flow has clear surface manifestations: it causes wetlands (which are called ‘paules’ in the area) with sodic waters, it produces saline, sodic or alkaline soils, and it produces modifies the chemical composition of rivers in Somontano.Irrigation has increased the volume of filtered water, especially in the interfluve areas, causing the extension of the wetlands in the valley thalwegs, and also the greater movement of salts has increased the problems of saline and/or sodic soils in the area. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stochastic–conceptual analysis of near‐surface hydrological response
Authors: Loague Keith , Abrams Robert H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe stochastic–conceptual rainfall–runoff simulator (SCRRS) developed by R. A. Freeze in 1980 was used in this study to demonstrate quantitatively the interplay of the factors that control the occurrence of overland flow by the Horton and Dunne mechanisms. The simulation domain and input data for the SCRRS simulations reported here were abstracted from the R‐5 catchment (Chickasha, OK) data sets. The results illustrate that the identification of a dominant hydrological response process may not be as simple as a singular Horton or Dunne characterization. The SCRRS simulations show that the Horton and Dunne processes can (i) occur simultaneously at different locations during a given rainfall event, (ii) change from one process to the other with time depending on the characteristics of the rainfall event, and (iii) be strongly dependent on the initial conditions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐references among children's first fifty words: Indications for an emerging sense of self in Dutch‐speaking children
Authors: van der Meulen Matty 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe present study investigated at what age self‐references would turn up for the first time in young children's language and what kind of words these were. This was studied for a corpus of the first 50 words, produced by ten children, five boys and five girls, collected through parental reports. Self‐references were defined as all words that referred in one way or another to the speakers themselves. They were not restricted to utterances containing pronominals of the first person singular or the child's first name. The appearance of self‐references varied with the onset of speech. Children who started to speak early also produced self‐referent words at an early age (between 12 and 16 months). Self‐references could be satisfactorily classified into three lexical categories: nominals, action words and modifiers, containing words (a) labelling body parts, (b) verbalizing action plans and ongoing actions, and (c) expressing characteristics of outer appearance and actions, and physical sensations, respectively. This indicates that young children's sense of self is not restricted to an awareness of their own actions, but that a variety of experiences contribute to this. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Associations between family history of colorectal cancer and genetic alterations in tumors
Authors: Slattery Martha L. , Curtin Karen , Schaffer Donna , Anderson Kristen , Samowitz Wade 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA family history of colorectal cancer has been consistently associated with an increased risk of developing colon cancer. However, there is limited information on the association between family history of colorectal cancer and genetic alterations that occur in colon tumors. In this study, we evaluate the association among genetic alterations of Ki‐ras and p53, microsatellite instability and having a family history of colorectal cancer in a study of incident colon cancer cases (n = 1993) and population‐based controls (n = 2,410). Although there was a slight nonsignificant increase in risk of having an unstable tumor among those with a family history of colorectal cancer, this increase in risk disappeared after excluding those people with a known mutation in either of the mismatch repair genes hMLH1 or hMSH2. A family history of colorectal cancer was not associated with Ki‐ras mutations overall, although those with a G to T mutation of the second base of codon 12 were more likely to have a family history of colorectal cancer than were those without this specific type of Ki‐ras mutation. Cases with p53 mutations were less likely to have a family history of colorectal cancer than were cases without a p53 mutation. We believe that, given the general lack of association between having a family history of colorectal cancer and genetic alterations in tumors, these alterations are acquired through disease pathways that involve exposure from diet, lifestyle or other environmental factors. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Jungbluth AA, Chen Y‐T, Stockert E., Busam KJ, Kolb D, Iversen K, Coplan K, Williamson B, Altorki N, Old LJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of NY‐ESO‐1 antigen expression in normal and malignant human tissues. International Journal of Cancer 2001; 92(6) 856–860.
Authors: Jungbluth AA , Chen Y‐T , Stockert E , Busam KJ , Kolb D , Iversen K , Coplan K , Williamson B , Altorki N , Old LJ 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe original article to which this Erratum refers was published in International Journal of Cancer 2001; 92(6) 856–860.
Alterations of the p16ink4a gene in resected nonsmall cell lung tumors and exfoliated cells within sputum
Authors: Chen Jung‐Ta , Chen Yi‐Chun , Wang Yu‐Chien , Tseng Ruo‐Chia , Chen Chih‐Yi , Wang Yi‐Ching 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecently, we reported that p16 protein expression was nondetectable in 49.5% of 107 resected nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), suggesting that the p16INK4a gene is frequently inactivated in primary NSCLC. To identify the molecular basis for this p16 immunohistochemical negativity further, we performed a genetic and epigenetic study of p16INK4a status in a series of 115 NSCLC samples parallel to the clinicopathologic and prognostic analyses. Microdissected tumor DNA samples were screened for homozygous deletion using comparative multiplex‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for intragenic mutation using direct sequencing and for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) using an intragenic microsatellite marker, D9S942. Of these samples, 67 were further analyzed by SmaI‐based PCR methylation assay to evaluate aberrant methylation at the gene. To examine the correlation of aberrant methylation in tumor and sputum samples, sputum samples from 12 matched patients were assessed for this change. We found that methylation of the p16INK4a gene was present in 38 of the 67 (56.7%) tumors and was significantly associated with negative p16 protein expression (p = 0.029). A 92% (11/12) concordance of sputum samples with matched resected tumors was found. The survival rates among adenocarcinoma patients with p16INK4a methylation were lower, but at a level of borderline significance compared with those patients without methylation (p = 0.071). In addition, 29.4% of the informative cases were found to harbor LOH at D9S942. None of the 115 microdissected tumors exhibited homozygous deletion in the p16INK4a gene. Only 1 patient exhibited a complex mutation at the fourth ankyrin repeat consensus sequence and concordantly demonstrated p16 immunohistochemical negativity. Overall, 69% (79/115) of NSCLC tumors had at least 1 type of p16INK4a alteration. Our data provide compelling evidence that p16INK4a alterations are involved in NSCLC tumorigenesis and that promoter methylation is the predominant mechanism in p16INK4a deregulation. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Replacement of N‐terminal portions of TGF‐α with corresponding heregulin sequences affects ligand‐induced receptor signaling and intoxication of tumor cells by chimeric growth‐factor toxins
Authors: Schmidt Mathias , Wels Winfried 
Published: August 2002

AbstractErbB receptor tyrosine kinases play an important role in developmental processes and tumor formation. Their activity is regulated by a family of structurally related ligands that bind to distinct ErbB receptor subsets, with transforming growth factor (TGF)‐α preferentially interacting with epidermal growth‐factor receptor (EGFR) and heregulin (HRG)‐β1 recognizing ErbB3 and ErbB4. To investigate the contribution of N‐terminal ligand sequences to binding specificity, we have constructed 2 chimeric growth factors termed H181T8 and H194T20, which contain N‐terminal HRG‐β1 sequences linked to complementary fragments of TGF‐α. For bacterial expression and analysis of cell binding, the chimeric ligands were genetically fused to truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA). H181T8‐ETA and H194T20‐ETA toxins both were cytotoxic for human tumor cell lines overexpressing EGFR but did not significantly affect the growth of cells that express ErbB receptors other than EGFR. Binding of H181T8, which contains HRG‐β1 residues 177–181, induced rapid autophosphorylation of EGFR, but in contrast to a previously described chimeric ligand based on EGF was unable to activate other ErbB receptors. H194T20, which contains HRG‐β1 residues 177–194, despite specific binding to EGFR was unable to induce autophosphorylation of any of the ErbB family members. However, H194T20 enhanced and modified the activity of parental TGF‐α and HRG‐β1 when these ligands were simultaneously present. Our results show that modification of the N‐terminal TGF‐α sequence can have a significant effect on the signaling properties of the ligand and suggest that different EGF‐like ligands can synergize in the activation of ErbB receptors. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toward an understanding of the child's experience in a Montessori Early Head Start program
Authors: Korfmacher Jon , Spicer Paul 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis report documents the development of a multimethod approach to understanding program processes in a center‐based Early Head Start program. The method, which combines teacher's ratings with participant observation and informal interviewing of families, offers an approach to understanding the experience of early childhood intervention from multiple perspectives. The focus of this article is on the use of data drawn from three case studies to illustrate one way of combining these two different orientations. We place this case‐study approach within a larger framework of ways in which qualitative and quantitative data can be combined to better understand how programs are delivered and experienced by participating children and their families. ©2002 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.