bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixing time of homogeneous/heterogeneous solutions in a micro-mixer with free impinging jets
Authors: Endo Tomoyuki , Itakura Ryuji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We have developed a micro-mixer based on a free impinging liquid-sheet jet technique. We identified a mixing position where two different solutions were mixed uniformly and evaluated corresponding mixing times in the liquid-sheet jets, with a homogeneous combination (H2O and H2O) and heterogeneous combination (C2H5OH and H2O). A quenching reaction was observed and the mixing times were evaluated to be 36 μs for the homogeneous combination (H2O/H2O) and 46 μs for the heterogeneous combination (C2H5OH/H2O). To clarify the mixing mechanism in the liquid-sheet jet, the theoretical mixing times were calculated using two different models, assuming laminar and turbulence flows. The calculated mixing times based on energy dissipation in the turbulence flow were in agreement with the observed mixing times for both H2O/H2O and C2H5OH/H2O combinations. These results indicate that turbulent mixing is a dominant mixing mechanism in the liquid-sheet jet, and that no clear interface is formed between H2O solutions and between C2H5OH and H2O solutions. The liquid-sheet jet technique provides a windowless and ultra-thin target and would be useful to investigate intermediates in mixing-driven chemical reactions, such as oxidation in solution and a folding reaction of proteins proceeding in a microsecond time scale.
A radiomics and genomics-derived model for predicting metastasis and prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Xue , Wu Meng , Wu Min , Liu Jie , Song Li , Wang Jiasi , Zhou Jun , Li Shilin , Yang Hang , Zhang Jun , Cui Xinwu , Liu Zhenyu , Zeng Fanxin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients would develop metastasis with poor prognosis, therefore, it is necessary to effectively predict metastasis in clinical treatment. In this study, we aimed to establish a machine-learning model for predicting metastasis in CRC patients by considering radiomics and transcriptomics simultaneously. Here, 1023 patients with CRC from three centers were collected and divided into five queues (Dazhou Central Hospital n = 517, Nanchong Central Hospital n = 120 and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) n = 386). A total of 854 radiomics features were extracted from tumor lesions on CT images, and 217 differentially expressed genes were obtained from non-metastasis and metastasis tumor tissues using RNA sequencing. Based on radiotranscriptomic (RT) analysis, a novel RT model was developed and verified through genetic algorithms (GA). Interleukin (IL)-26, a biomarker in RT model, was verified for its biological function in CRC metastasis. Furthermore, 15 radiomics variables were screened through stepwise regression, which was highly correlated with the IL26 expression level. Finally, a radiomics model (RA) was established by combining GA and stepwise regression analysis with radiomics features. The RA model exhibited favorable discriminatory ability and accuracy for metastasis prediction in two independent verification cohorts. We designed multicenter, multi-scale cohorts to construct and verify novel combined radiomics and genomics models for predicting metastasis in CRC. Overall, RT model and RA model might help clinicians in directing personalized diagnosis and therapeutic regimen selection for patients with CRC.
Effect of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate on markers of inflammation and immune function in adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Neudorf Helena , Islam Hashim , Falkenhain Kaja , Oliveira Barbara , Jackson Garett S , Moreno-Cabañas Alfonso , Madden Kenneth , Singer Joel , Walsh Jeremy J , Little Jonathan P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Pre-clinical and cell culture evidence supports the role of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) as an immunomodulatory molecule that may inhibit inflammatory signalling involved in several chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), but studies in humans are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of BHB in humans across three clinical trials. To investigate if BHB suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, we treated LPS-stimulated leukocytes from overnight-fasted adults at risk for T2D with BHB (Study 1). Next (Study 2), we investigated if exogenously raising BHB acutely in vivo by ketone monoester supplementation (KME) in adults with T2D would suppress pro-inflammatory plasma cytokines. In Study 3, we investigated the effect of BHB on inflammation via ex vivo treatment of LPS-stimulated leukocytes with BHB and in vivo thrice-daily pre-meal KME for 14 days in adults with T2D. Ex vivo treatment with BHB suppressed LPS-stimulated IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 secretion and increased IL-1RA and IL-10 (Study 1). Plasma IL-10 increased by 90 min following ingestion of a single dose of KME in T2D, which corresponded to peak blood BHB (Study 2). Finally, 14 days of thrice-daily KME ingestion did not significantly alter plasma cytokines or leukocyte subsets including monocyte and T-cell polarization (Study 3). However, direct treatment of leukocytes with BHB modulated TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and MCP-1 secretion in a time- and glucose-dependent manner (Study 3). Therefore, BHB appears to be anti-inflammatory in T2D, but this effect is transient and is modulated by the presence of disease, glycaemia, and exposure time.
Synthesis of symmetric and dissymmetric star-shaped pentaarylcyclopentadienyl Ru(II) complexes containing styryl-BODIPY fragments
Authors: Dumartin Melissa , Abid Seifallah , Gisbert Yohan , Saffon-Merceron Nathalie , Gao Sheng , Armaroli Nicola , Ventura Barbara , Kammerer Claire , Rapenne Gwénaël 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We synthesised star-shaped ruthenium(II) complexes containing one or five styryl-BODIPY units arranged around a central trisindazolylrutheniumcyclopentadienyl fragment. A symmetric complex was obtained following a five-fold Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of the pentabrominated key precursor while desymmetrisation was next achieved via a modular synthetic approach based on sequential chemoselective Suzuki-Miyaura reactions on a key building block bearing one iodophenyl and four bromophenyl groups.
Transient profiles between steam and cyclohexane as tar model compound on Ni-Mn/SBA-15 catalyst in biomass steam reforming at low temperature
Authors: Phoo Zan Win Moh Moh , Tabuchi Yoshiya , Nakagoe Osamu , Kamada Kai , Sano Hideaki , Tanabe Shuji 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The role of Mn in steam reforming of cyclohexane as a tar model compound from biomass on Ni-Mn/SBA-15 catalyst was examined using transient technique at 773 K and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) method. According to experimental results, it was expected that the addition of a small amount of Mn into Ni might strengthen the interaction between Mn and Ni surfaces, accelerate the dehydrogenation of C6H12, and inhibit the dissociation of C–C bonds in the adsorbed hydrocarbons.
De novo designed glycopolymer by precise polymer synthesis
Authors: Miura Yoshiko , Nagao Masanori , Matsumoto Hikaru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Synthetic polymers with molecular recognition ability were investigated. Well-defined chemical structures of biopolymers were mimicked by controlled polymerization. In particular, the preparation and molecular recognition of de novo designed glycopolymers were studied. Glycopolymers such as block polymers, star polymers, and microgels were prepared. The designed glycopolymers showed strong molecular recognition against target proteins and viruses.
Synthesis and properties of bay-functionalized 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivatives
Authors: Hirano Junichiro , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Fukui Norihito 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Here, we disclose the effect of substitution at the bay-region of 9,9′-bifluorenylidene on its optical and electrochemical properties. Bay-brominated 9,9′-bifluorenylidene was synthesized by the reductive dimerization of 4,5-dibromofluorenone with triethyl phosphite. The subsequent Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling afforded arylated derivatives. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the bulky bay-substituents twist the overall structure through the relay of the steric repulsion from the bay-region to the fjord-region. The π-extension at the bay-region with tolyl and 4-dimethylaminophenyl groups increases the electron-donating ability, while the introduction of bromo groups enhances the electron-accepting ability.
Synthesis and characterization of anti-[2.2](1,4)triphenylenophane
Authors: Yanagawa Asuka , Inoue Ryo , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
anti-[2.2](1,4)Triphenylenophane was synthesized by the Pd-catalyzed double cross-coupling of 4,5,12,13-tetrabromo[2.2]paracyclophane with 9,9-dimethyl-9-stannafluorene. There have been no reports on the synthesis of simple triphenylene-stacked molecules in the 75-year history of cyclophane. Its structure and properties were experimentally and theoretically studied.
Spherulites of supramolecular polymers formed from undercooled melts, and their adhesive properties
Authors: Shimada Takuma , Watanabe Yuichiro , Furuya Tsutomu , Nishida Koji , Samitsu Sadaki , Wakayama Yutaka , Sugiyasu Kazunori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The solid-state properties of crystalline supramolecular polymers have generally remained unexplored. Herein, we investigated the isothermal crystallization of a supramolecular polymer and showed that, depending on the temperature, it formed distinct structures at a higher hierarchical level. Interestingly, the resulting crystalline forms showed distinct adhesive properties and mechanical-failure modes (adhesive or cohesive).
Electro-generated base from amide derivative enables cyclopropanation of alkyl 2-chloroacetate without formation of trialkyl propane-1,2,3-carboxylate
Authors: Matsumoto Kouichi , Matsuse Mizuki , Hamasaki Kengo , Suzuki Hiyono , Okubo Sora , Togo Akane , Okayama Yuuki , Kawashita Norihito 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Electro-generated base was found to be quite effective for the formation of cyclopropane derivatives from alkyl 2-chloroacetates in good yields, without the formation of trialkyl propane-1,2,3-carboxylates of the inseparable by-product. The reaction optimization for electro-generated bases as well as scope and limitations were conducted for the current report.
Fabrication of mesoporous carbon with a large surface area to achieve sensitive electrochemical sensing for nitazoxanide drug determination in human serum
Authors: Abdel-Galeil Mohamed M , El-Desoky Hanaa S , El-Attar Mona , Morita Shin-ichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Mesoporous carbon (MC) with a large surface area was developed to mix with the conventional carbon paste (CP) electrode. The developed MC/CP sensor had the highest sensitivity compared to many sensors made from other materials. A common drug, nitazoxanide (NTZ), was used as an application example. Using the MC/CP electrode and square wave-adsorptive stripping voltammetry (SW-AdSV), the concentration of NTZ in human serum was quantitatively estimated. We achieved a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 22 nM.
Rational design of an artificial ethylbenzene hydroxylase using a molecular dynamics simulation to enhance enantioselectivity
Authors: Oohora Koji , Kagawa Yoshiyuki , Nishiura Takako , Mizohata Eiichi , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Hayashi Takashi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Mutations of myoglobin reconstituted with Mn porphycene (rMb) were investigated to enhance the enantioselectivity for hydroxylation of ethylbenzene. The 21 mutants of rMb predicted by models using molecular dynamics simulation were prepared. Several rMb mutants enhance the enantiomeric excess (ee) values up to 69% and 57% for (S)- and (R)-1-phenylethanols, respectively, compared with wild-type rMb (17% ee for (S)-1-phenylethanol). Furthermore, the crystal structures demonstrate slightly expanded spaces to support the substrate binding behavior indicated in the simulation.
Synthesis of a novel triptycene-derived protected dithiolene ligand precursor for tri-nuclear mixed ligand metal dithiolene complexes
Authors: Wang Ali , Shuku Yoshiaki , Suizu Rie , Robertson Neil , Awaga Kunio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We synthesized a novel triptycene analogue, 3,3′,3″,3″′,3″″,3″″′-((triptycene-2,3,6,7,14,15-hexayl)hexakis(sulfanediyl))hexapropanenitrile (3), which served as a valuable precursor for the triptycene-derived tris-bidentate bridging dithiolene ligand, triptycene-2,3,6,7,14,15-hexakis(thiolate) (4), following the removal of the cyanoethyl moiety protection group. We determined the molecular and crystal structures of compound 3 and confirmed its capacity to yield compound 4. By reacting 3 with [NiCl2(BPY)] and [PtCl2(BPY)] (BPY: 2,2′-bipyridine) in methanol, we obtained crude samples of [Ni3(4)(BPY)3] and [Pt3(4)(BPY)3], respectively.
Constructing a Hellenic modernism: Aeschylus at the ancient theatre of Syracuse (1914–30)
Authors: Di Martino Giovanna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines the aesthetic means employed in classical performances produced by the Institute of Ancient Drama (INDA) in Syracuse between 1914 and 1930, with a particular focus on performances of Aeschylus’ tragedies. The first part of this study traces the influences of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century modernist and avant-garde movements on the Syracusan project, including the experiments pioneered by the radical French gauche, the German productions directed by Hans Oberländer with Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Mollendorf in the role of dramaturg and translator, as well as Max Reinhardt’s early engagements with ancient Greek drama and his vision of theatre (particularly his Theatre of the Five Thousand). It then discusses the aesthetic trajectory that productions of ancient Greek drama, and more specifically those of Aeschylus’ plays, underwent from INDA’s beginnings in 1914–30, when an all-fascist governing body was installed at its helm.
Greek theatre, electric lights, and the plumes of locomotives: the quarrel between the Futurists and the Classicists and the Hellenic modernism of Fascism
Authors: Ioannidou Eleftheria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe controversy between the Futurists and the classicists over the Greek theatre of Syracuse remains largely overlooked within the scholarship concerned with the relationship between Futurism and Fascism. The Futurist movement launched a polemic against the staging of Aeschylus’ Libation Bearers in 1921, counterposing Greek tragedy to new forms of drama drawing on Futurist performance aesthetics and Sicilian popular theatre which, according to the Futurists, could express the spirit of the modern age. In a similar vein, the manifesto that F. T. Marinetti addressed to the Fascist government in 1923 advocated for the staging of modern Sicilian plays in the theatre of Syracuse. Contrary to Futurism, Italian Fascism turned to Greek models in creating new forms of popular theatre. Mussolini’s state supported the production of ancient drama throughout the ventennio, as evidenced by the consolidation of the Istituto Nazionale del Dramma Antico (INDA) in 1925. The theatre of Syracuse should be viewed as a field of antagonism between the different versions of modernism represented by Futurism and Fascism. By examining the convergences and divergences of Futurist and Fascist visions of theatrical renewal, this article highlights not only the Hellenic character of Fascism’s modernism but also the role of Fascism in transforming classical traditions.
“Against the Flow”: Exile and “Willful Subjects” in Malika Mokeddem’sMes Hommesand Kim Thúy’sVi
Authors: Kistnareddy Ashwiny O 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExile is a move away from one’s homogeneous cultural background, and the exile constantly experiences “both the old and the new environment” as “vivid, actual, occurring together contrapuntally” (Said186). While exile might be a rift, it can also be chosen as a mode of interior movement away from repressions and oppressive values. I contend that the indeterminacy of the notion of willfulness (Ahmed, Willful Subjects) and the implied dissent involved are a productive lens through which to analyze Malika Mokeddem’s Mes hommes (2005) and Kim Thúy’s Vi (2016). In both texts, I investigate how willfulness is conducive to freedom along with subjectivation, demonstrating how postcolonial migrant women not only recuperate their individuality but also showcase the different changes that operate within their family due to their exilic experiences.
The African Human Microbiome Portal: a public web portal of curated metagenomic metadata
Authors: Kiran Anmol , Hanachi Mariem , Alsayed Nihad , Fassatoui Meriem , Oduaran Ovokeraye H , Allali Imane , Maslamoney Suresh , Meintjes Ayton , Zass Lyndon , Rocha Jorge Da , Kefi Rym , Benkahla Alia , Ghedira Kais , Panji Sumir , Mulder Nicola , Fadlelmola Faisal M , Souiai Oussema 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There is growing evidence that comprehensive and harmonized metadata are fundamental for effective public data reusability. However, it is often challenging to extract accurate metadata from public repositories. Of particular concern is the metagenomic data related to African individuals, which often omit important information about the particular features of these populations. As part of a collaborative consortium, H3ABioNet, we created a web portal, namely the African Human Microbiome Portal (AHMP), exclusively dedicated to metadata related to African human microbiome samples. Metadata were collected from various public repositories prior to cleaning, curation and harmonization according to a pre-established guideline and using ontology terms. These metadata sets can be accessed at https://microbiome.h3abionet.org/. This web portal is open access and offers an interactive visualization of 14 889 records from 70 bioprojects associated with 72 peer reviewed research articles. It also offers the ability to download harmonized metadata according to the user’s applied filters. The AHMP thereby supports metadata search and retrieve operations, facilitating, thus, access to relevant studies linked to the African Human microbiome.
Database URL: https://microbiome.h3abionet.org/.
Machine learning assessment of dental age classification based on cone-beam CT images: a different approach
Authors: Dogan Ozlem B , Boyacioglu Hatice , Goksuluk Dincer 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Machine learning (ML) algorithms are a portion of artificial intelligence that may be used to create more accurate algorithmic procedures for estimating an individual’s dental age or defining an age classification. This study aims to use ML algorithms to evaluate the efficacy of pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) in cone-beam CT (CBCT) images to predict dental age classification in adults.

Methods
CBCT images of 236 Turkish individuals (121 males and 115 females) from 18 to 70 years of age were included. PTRs were calculated for six teeth in each individual, and a total of 1416 PTRs encompassed the study dataset. Support vector machine, classification and regression tree, and random forest (RF) models for dental age classification were employed. The accuracy of these techniques was compared. To facilitate this evaluation process, the available data were partitioned into training and test datasets, maintaining a proportion of 70% for training and 30% for testing across the spectrum of ML algorithms employed. The correct classification performances of the trained models were evaluated.

Results
The models’ performances were found to be low. The models’ highest accuracy and confidence intervals were found to belong to the RF algorithm.

Conclusions
According to our results, models were found to be low in performance but were considered as a different approach. We suggest examining the different parameters derived from different measuring techniques in the data obtained from CBCT images in order to develop ML algorithms for age classification in forensic situations.
Determination of masseter and temporal muscle thickness by ultrasound and muscle hardness by shear wave elastography in healthy adults as reference values
Authors: Koruyucu Ayşe Nur , Aşantoğrol Firdevs 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to prospectively investigate the reference values of masseter and temporal muscle thicknesses by ultrasonography and muscle hardness values by shear wave elastography in healthy adults.

Methods
The sample of the study consisted of a total of 160 healthy individuals aged between 18 and 59, including 80 women and 80 men. By examining the right and left sides of each participant, thickness and hardness values were obtained for 320 masseter muscles and 320 temporal muscles in total.

Results
The mean masseter muscle thickness was found to be 1.09 cm at rest and 1.40 cm in contraction. The mean temporal muscle thickness was found to be 0.88 cm at rest and 0.98 cm in contraction. The thickness values of the masseter and temporal muscles were significantly greater in the male participants than in the female participants (P &lt; .001). While there were significant differences between the right and left masseter muscle thickness values at rest and in contraction, the values of the temporal muscles did not show a significant difference between the sides. While the resting hardness (rSWE) of the masseter muscle was transversally 6.91 kPa and longitudinally 8.49 kPa, these values in contraction (cSWE) were found, respectively, 31.40 and 35.65 kPa. The median temporal muscle hardness values were 8.84 kPa at rest and 20.43 kPa in contraction. Masseter and temporal muscle hardness values at rest and in contraction were significantly higher among the male participants compared to the female participants (P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
In this study, reference values for the thickness and hardness of the masseter and temporal muscles are reported. Knowing these values will make it easier to assess pain in the masseter and temporal muscles and determine the diagnosis and prognosis of masticatory muscle pathologies by allowing the morphological and functional assessments of these muscles, and it will identify ranges for reference parameters.
High-density objects in exomass affect the volume of high-density objects inside the field of view
Authors: Coelho-Silva Fernanda , Cascante-Sequeira Deivi , Réa Marcela Tarosso , Oliveira Matheus L , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Haiter-Neto Francisco , de-Azevedo-Vaz Sergio Lins 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of the presence and the number of high-density objects in the exomass on the volume of a high-density object in cone-beam CT (CBCT).

Methods
Cylinders of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zi) were inserted into a polymethylmethacrylate phantom in five different combinations of number and position: 1—no cylinder; 2—one cylinder in a posterior region; 3—one cylinder in an anterior region; 4—two cylinders in posterior regions; and 5—three cylinders in anterior and posterior regions. The phantom underwent CBCT scanning using OP300 and X800 systems, with the afore mentioned cylinders of the same composition placed in the exomass and an additional high-density cylinder placed in the centre of the field of view (FOV), corresponding to the left-anterior region. The tomographic volume of the cylinder inside the FOV was measured using semi-automatic segmentation. The volumetric alteration (VA) between the segmented and physical volumes, in percentage, was compared among the experimental groups using repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc (α = 5%).

Results
The factors material, combination, and their interaction affected the volume or both CBCT systems. In OP300, more cylinders in the exomass reduced the VA, mainly for Co-Cr. In X800, more cylinders in the exomass tended to increase the VA inside the FOV, except for Zi.

Conclusions
In general, the presence of high-density objects in the exomass influences the VA of the object inside the FOV, although this oscillates according to object composition, number and position in the exomass, and CBCT system.