bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Default Bulk Ordering and Text Messaging to Enhance Outreach for Lipid Screening
Authors: Pollak Catherine , Parambath Andrew , Coratti Samantha , Norton Laurie , Girard Anthony , Reitz Catherine , Snider Christopher K. , Xu Lin , Walker Zakiya , John Aileen , Putt Mary E. , Volpp Kevin G. , Mehta Shivan J. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceA comprehensive lipid panel is recommended by guidelines to evaluate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, but uptake is low.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether direct outreach including bulk orders with and without text messaging increases lipid screening rates.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPragmatic randomized clinical trial conducted from June 6, 2023, to September 6, 2023, at 2 primary care practices at an academic health system among patients aged 20 to 75 years with at least 1 primary care visit in the past 3 years who were overdue for lipid screening. Data analysis was performed from September 2023 to May 2024.InterventionsEligible patients were randomized in a 1:2:2 ratio to usual care (group 1), direct outreach and bulk orders (group 2), and bulk order outreach with additional text message reminders for scheduling assistance (group 3). In group 3, participants received an initial, follow-up, and reminder text message. Patients with electronic portal accounts were encouraged to schedule through them, while others received laboratory contact information. Any participant inquiries were answered either with automated responses for common questions or with study team support.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportion of patients who completed a lipid panel within 3 months.ResultsAmong the 1000 participants, the median (IQR) age was 38 (28-55) years; 470 (47.0%) were female; and 22 (2.3%) were Asian, 38 (3.9%) were Black, 32 (3.2%) were Hispanic or Latino, and 862 (88.6%) were White (race and ethnicity were based on self-reported data). At 3 months, a lipid panel was completed by 12 of 202 patients (5.9%; 95% CI, 3.4% to 10.1%) receiving usual care (group 1) vs 62 of 394 patients (15.7%; 95% CI, 12.5% to 19.7%) receiving direct outreach and bulk order (group 2), a difference of 9.8 percentage points (95% CI, 4.6 to 15.0; P = .001). The panel was completed by 73 of 404 patients (18.1%; 95% CI, 14.6% to 22.1%) receiving outreach, bulk order, and text message reminders (group 3), for a difference of 2.4 percentage points (95% CI, −3.1 to 7.8; P = .43) vs outreach with bulk order alone (group 2). At 6 months, there were no significant differences in lipid screening between either group 1 vs group 2 or group 2 vs group 3.Conclusions and RelevanceLipid screening among participants receiving bulk orders and outreach letters increased significantly compared with usual care at 3 months. However, there was no difference at 6 months. More than 80% of patients did not follow through with lipid screening despite the intervention, and there was no additional increase in lipid testing at 3 months among participants receiving bulk ordering and supplemental text messaging.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05724615
Serum Immunoglobulin G Levels and Nicastrin Variation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Mintoff Dillon , Pace Nikolai P. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceVariation in nicastrin (NCSTN) is associated with a monogenic subtype of hidradenitis suppurativa. Dysregulation of humoral immunity has been suggested as a potential mechanistic link between NCSTN variation and hidradenitis suppurativa. There is a paucity of biomarkers that can predict disease-associated variation.ObjectiveTo investigate whether serum immunoglobulin levels, as a surrogate marker of humoral immunity, can identify individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa who have a specific disease-associated NCSTN variant.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsMaltese individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa genotyped for a disease-associated NCSTN in-frame deletion prevalent in the local patient cohort were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study from January to July 2023. Participation was restricted to adult individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa without known or suspected pathologies that would be associated with serum immunoglobulin levels. Data were analyzed between October 2023 and December 2023.ExposureSerum immunoglobulin G levels and other hematological paraments were analyzed.Main Outcome and MeasureMain outcomes were the associations between serum immunoglobulin levels and an underlying NCSTN variation in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa.ResultsA total of 125 individuals (64 female individuals [51.2%]) with hidradenitis suppurativa of Maltese ethnicity were recruited in the study, of whom 17 (13.6%) who were from 7 genealogically unrelated families were heterozygous for the disease-associated NCSTN variant. Deletion carriers had a higher serum immunoglobulin G level (1370 mg/dL vs 1140 mg/dL [to convert to g/L, multiply by 0.01]; P &amp;lt; .001). The association between NCSTN variation and elevated immunoglobulin G levels retained significance despite adjusting for multiple confounders, including markers of disease severity, age of recruitment, age of disease onset, treatment with adalimumab, and liver transaminase levels. Serum immunoglobulin G demonstrated a strong discriminatory capacity in identifying patients who were heterozygous for the NCSTN variant.Conclusion and RelevanceThe results of this cross-sectional study suggest an altered humoral immune state in patients harboring a specific NCSTN variant and support the role of serum immunoglobulin G levels as a potential predictive biomarker of monogenic hidradenitis suppurativa. This may aid in identifying and prioritizing individuals with monogenic hidradenitis suppurativa.
Mental Health Disparities by Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the All of Us Research Program
Authors: Lu Junjie Anderson , Soltani Shamsi , Austin S. Bryn , Rehkopf David H. , Lunn Mitchell R. , Langston Marvin E. 
Published: January 2025

ImportanceLimited research explores mental health disparities between individuals in sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations and cisgender heterosexual (non-SGM) populations using national-level data.ObjectiveTo explore mental health disparities between SGM and non-SGM populations across sexual orientation, sex assigned at birth, and gender identity within the All of Us Research Program.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used survey data and linked electronic health records of eligible All of Us Research Program participants from May 31, 2017, to June 30, 2022.ExposureSelf-identified SGM status.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of common mental health conditions identified from linked electronic health records. Logistic regression adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, educational level, income, employment status, and geographic region was used to assess the association between SGM status and mental health conditions.ResultsAmong 413 457 participants, 269 947 (65.3%) were included in the analysis (median age, 59 [IQR, 43-70] years), with 22 189 (8.2%) self-identified as SGM. Men with cisgender sexual minority identity had higher odds of bipolar disorder (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.87; 95% CI, 1.70-2.56) compared with cisgender heterosexual men. Women with cisgender sexual minority identity had higher odds of bipolar disorder (AOR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.95-2.25) compared with cisgender heterosexual women. Gender diverse people assigned female sex at birth had higher odds of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared with both cisgender heterosexual men (AOR, 3.67; 95% CI, 2.99-4.50) and cisgender heterosexual women (AOR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.26-3.40). Gender diverse individuals assigned male sex at birth had higher odds of bipolar disorder (AOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.66-3.33) compared with cisgender heterosexual men and higher odds of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AOR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.48-3.23) compared with cisgender heterosexual women. Transgender men had higher odds of depression (AOR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.80-2.49) compared with cisgender heterosexual men, while transgender women had higher odds of any personality disorder (AOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.84-3.99) compared with cisgender heterosexual women.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of participants in the All of Us Research Program, there were significant mental health disparities between participants in SGM and non-SGM groups. These findings underscore the need for tailored mental health interventions to improve the well-being of SGM populations, while noting that the associations do not imply causality but reflect the stigma and minority stress experienced by these individuals.
Defect‐Enriched Heterojunction Coupling Nano‐Scale Polyhedron with Cavity Structure to Promote Rapid and Stable Sodium Storage
Authors: Zhu Huijuan , Wang Kai , Liu Qiming , Wang Jie , Hu Ting , Hu Siyuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTransition Metal‐sulfides are considered as ideal anode materials in sodium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the poor cyclic stability and rate performance at high current density impede their development. Therefore, defect‐enriched nano‐scale heterogeneous NiS2/Cu7.2S4 (NCSs) polyhedron with cavity structure are prepared through component regulation. The cavity structure is formed based on Kirkendall effect due to the component difference, tolerating the mechanical stress during the sodium storage process. And the nano‐scale size cuts down the diffusion path of Na+. Moreover, the defective heterojunction induces built‐in electric filed and active sites for sodium adsorption, improving electronic conductivity and boosting reaction kinetics, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations theoretically verify that heterojunction can improve electronic conductivity and boost charge transfer, further, enhancing the ability of Na+ adsorption. The synergistic effect of structural design and defective heterojunction construction effectively improves the electrochemical performance. Thus, NCSs electrode shows excellent cyclic stability (437.4 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles) and rate performance (514.9 and 486.7 mAh g−1 at 5 and 10 A g−1, respectively) at high current densities. When assembled with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the NCSs|| Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell shows a cyclic performance of 128.2 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 A g−1.
Butterfly‐Inspired Hierarchical Hybrid Composites for Lightweight Structural Thermal Management Applications
Authors: Sansone Nello D. , Aguiar Rafaela , Embabi Mahmoud , Cheung Nichole , Tuccitto Anthony V. , Chang Nathan R. S. , Leroux Matthew , Lee Patrick C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStringent environmental policies and sustainability targets are driving the adoption of lightweight materials in high‐performance transportation and defense sectors. Inspired by nature's unparalleled engineering, this work introduces butterfly‐inspired hybrid composites that emulate the multifunctional performance of natural architectures. Specifically, these composites are reinforced with hierarchical fibrous assemblies comprised of nano‐sized graphene nanoplatelets covalently bonded onto micro‐sized glass fibers, emulating the hierarchical architecture of butterfly legs. Additionally, sandwich‐structured composites are designed to mimic the alternating rigid and porous layered scales of butterfly wings, featuring a foamed composite core sandwiched between solid composite skins, leading to superior mechanical and thermal management performance. Compared to the current industrial composite substitute for metallic structural components, these hybrid composites are tailorable to achieve improvements up to 32%, 36%, and 116% in specific tensile strength, specific flexural strength, and impact strength, respectively, as well as 66% in thermal insulation and 62% in thermal management performance, with a 38% weight reduction. These advancements stem from the detailed structure‐property designs, spanning across multiple length‐scales, formulating a fundamental understanding of how to tune performance to meet stringent requirements. Ultimately, these cost‐effective, industry‐ready butterfly‐inspired materials produce lightweight, multifunctional components that showcase the potential of biomimicry in advancing sustainable engineering solutions.
Viscous Fluid Dissipation for Filtering Poor Bandgaps and Achieving Low‐Frequency Bandgaps in Metamaterials
Authors: Yuan Wenhan , Yang Xiongwei , Ripamonti Francesco , Chai Yijun , Li Yueming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEmbedding viscous fluids in soft elastic metamaterials offers transformative potential for engineering applications, particularly in vibration control and acoustic filtering. Despite this promise, effectively leveraging fluid viscosity to achieve low‐frequency, high‐quality bandgaps remains a significant challenge. Specifically, fluid viscosity shifts local resonance modes to lower frequencies while mitigating negative dynamic effective properties, resulting in smoother transmission spectra. By incorporating viscous liquids as resonant units, it is demonstrated how vibrational acoustic coupling and viscous dissipation can be harnessed to engineer superior bandgap properties. The bandgap characteristics of locally resonant metamaterials with viscous liquid fillings are systematically investigated through theoretical analysis, numerical simulations, and experimental validation. The bandgap shifted to lower frequencies by up to 5.6% within the concerned viscosity range, accompanied by a 4.1% bandwidth expansion. This overturns the conventional notion that viscous dissipation reduces system performance, showcasing its positive impact on bandgaps. This work redefines viscous dissipation, usually considered a limitation, as a key enabler for achieving broadband, high‐performance low‐frequency bandgaps, unlocking new possibilities for advanced acoustic and vibration isolation technologies.
Integrative Enhancement of Energy‐Level Alignment and Defect Passivation for High‐Performance Lead‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Tingxue , Huang Xin , Yao Ruijia , Zhang Diao , Liu Wei , Li Xing'ao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCsGeI2Br‐based perovskites with a favorable bandgap and high absorption coefficient, show great promise as candidates for efficient lead‐free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the significant defect recombination and energy alignment mismatch at the perovskite‐transport layer interface limit both the device's performance and long‐term stability. To overcome these challenges, the photovoltaic potential of the device is unlocked by optimizing the optical and electronic parameters through a rigorous numerical simulation, including the transport layer materials, doping density, bulk/interface defect density, and carrier mobility. As a result, the optimized device achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 28.00%. To further elucidate the inherent physical behavior, the activator energy of carrier recombination, along with the conduction and valence band offsets, are also investigated. Additionally, different types of device structures, including p‐i‐n and HTL‐free structures, are briefly examined. Finally, a detailed roadmap for enhancing the efficiency of the device is proposed, offering valuable insights for improving inorganic lead‐free CsGeI2Br perovskite solar cells in optoelectronic applications.
Effects of Environmental and Health Information on Willingness to Pay for Local and Organic Foods in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Chiu‐Lin , Jaenicke Edward C. , Vecchi Martina , Sheu Sheng‐Jang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUsing a lab‐in‐the‐field experiment, we investigate how providing information about food miles and pesticide residue influences willingness to pay (WTP) for potatoes among 407 shoppers in Taiwan, split between a supermarket and a farmers market. Initially, local organic potatoes have the highest average WTP at NTD73, followed by imported organic at NTD67, local non‐organic at NTD48, and imported non‐organic at NTD42. When we introduce information about food miles, the WTP for imported organic potatoes decreases by NTD10.2, without significantly impacting other varieties. A different information treatment featuring pesticide residue information boosts the WTP for local organic potatoes by NTD8.3 but has no significant effect on the other categories. Providing both types of information diminishes the local premium for non‐organic potatoes while enhancing it for local organic varieties. The influence of the information varies by shopping venue: farmers market shoppers give more weight to food miles information, whereas supermarket patrons are more responsive to pesticide residue information.
Adverse Cardiovascular Risk Profile and Increased Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Girls With Turner Syndrome: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Jones Lily , Park Julie , Dliso Silothabo , Hawcutt Daniel B. , Shantsila Alena , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Blair Joanne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPatients with Turner Syndrome (TS) and those exposed to high concentrations of glucocorticoids have a number of characteristics in common, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Pediatric TS patients underwent studies of salivary cortisol (SC) and cortisone (SCn), body composition, continuous glucose monitoring, vascular function, and ambulatory blood pressure (BP). Biochemical indicators of cardiovascular risk were also measured. Data were compared to matched healthy controls (HCs) or interpreted according to reference populations. Ten patients, aged 14.1 ± 2.3 years participated. Mean SC was higher in girls with TS, although the early morning measurement was lower resulting in a flatter diurnal profile. Body mass index was > 1.0 SDS in five and muscle‐to‐fat ratio was low (< 0.8) in six participants. Four had proatherogenic lipid profiles and six had raised clotting and/or inflammatory markers. Mean glucose concentration was higher in TS than in HCs (109.8 vs. 102.6 mg/dL, p = 0.003). Loss of nocturnal dipping in BP was universal, and hypertension was present in three patients. TS participants had an adverse cardiovascular profile. The same cohort also exhibited increased cortisol exposure and the clinical significance of these dual findings warrants further investigation.
An Oxidative Stress Nanoamplifier to Enhance the Efficacy of Cisplatin in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Liu Qiaolin , Wang Guorong , Bai Ru , Li Shengmin , Liu Tao , Wang Qingzhen , Peng Yufeng , Teng Fei , Zhou Huige , Xian Junfang , Chen Chunying 
Published: January 2025

Cisplatin (CP) is a first‐line platinum‐based drug used for the treatment of head and neck cancer. However, tumor cells can diminish the therapeutic effects of CP through the detoxification system mediated by glutathione (GSH) and the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Herein, we present a light‐activable and pH‐responsive oxidative stress nanoamplifier (FPLC@IR OSNA), comprising an amphiphilic compound (FPLC) with Fmoc‐lysine acting as a connector between a nitroimidazole derivative and a pH‐responsive cinnamaldehyde (CA) derivative, loaded with photosensitizer IR780. The acidic microenvironment of lysosome can trigger the release of CA to produce H2O2, which breaks down into oxygen, further improving the phototherapy efficacy mediated by IR780 irradiation. The consumption of oxygen during the phototherapy process induces hypoxia, prompting the reduction of nitroimidazole to aminoimidazole and leading to reduced GSH synthesis, enhancing tumor cell death induced by CP. Meanwhile, the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) during phototherapy attenuates the nuclear NER pathway, further augmenting the therapy effect of CP. This strategy, by combining FPLC@IR OSNA with laser and CP, significantly promotes the therapeutic effect in vitro, and notably inhibits tumor growth in both Cal27 cell line‐derived xenograft models and patient‐derived xenograft models.
Emergence, Transmission, and Containment of Candida auris in the Perioperative Setting
Authors: Curless Melanie S. , Hodges Chiquacta A. , Rock Clare 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCandida auris is an emerging, multidrug‐resistant fungus that poses a threat in health care settings because of its persistence on surfaces and ability to cause severe infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. First identified in Japan in 2009, C auris has since spread globally, leading to numerous outbreaks. Its unique virulence factors, such as biofilm formation and immune evasion, contribute to its resilience and resistance to eradication. The most vulnerable populations include those with underlying conditions and those undergoing operative or other invasive procedures, highlighting the importance of this topic for perioperative personnel. Effective infection prevention strategies, including strict hand hygiene, environmental cleaning, and the use of appropriate personal protective equipment, are essential to prevent the spread of C auris. Early detection, accurate identification, and prompt isolation of infected patients are critical to mitigating outbreaks. Continued research and education are vital to developing more effective prevention and treatment protocols.
Anomalous Swelling Behavior of Graded Rubber
Authors: Do Quoc‐Viet , Yamaguchi Masayuki , Doan Vu Anh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study demonstrated the anomalous swelling behavior of graded rubber in toluene at 25°C. Ethylene‐propylene rubber with a graded crosslink density in the thickness direction was prepared using a compression molding machine, under a temperature gradient (upper temperature: 200°C, lower temperature: 150°C). The crosslink densities of each surface of graded rubber corresponded to those of the homogeneous samples, which were 3.39 × 10−6 mol/cm3 and 3.74 × 10−7 mol/cm3 for samples crosslinked at 200°C and 150°C, respectively. The swelling behavior of graded rubber occurred in two distinct states: (1) after 20 min (short period), the rubber bent concavely toward the low‐crosslink side, and (2) after 540 min (long period), it bent toward the high‐crosslink side. According to Flory–Rehner's theory, the low‐crosslink side is expected to be on the outer side. However, in the state (1), the high‐crosslink side became the outer side. The possible mechanism can be explained by the theory of gel under constrained swelling. The unswollen region restricts in‐plane expansion of the low‐crosslink region, causing inhomogeneous stress that bent graded rubber toward the low‐crosslink side in state (1). These findings introduce a novel method for developing soft robotic actuators and self‐shaping materials.
LCST‐UCST Hybrid Phase Diagram of Poly(ɛ‐Caprolactone)/Poly(Styrene‐co‐Acrylonitrile) Blends Through Thermal and Rheological Approaches: Effects of PCL Molecular Weight and Cooling Ramp Rate
Authors: Soltanian Parisa , Jahanmardi Reza , Hemmati Farkhondeh , Shabanian Meisam , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase diagram of poly(ɛ‐caprolactone)/poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (PCL/SAN) blend was obtained through temperature sweep rheological tests. The effect of the cooling rate of the temperature sweep test and the increased molecular weight of PCL on the phase separation points of PCL/SAN blends was studied. The phase transition boundary of PCL/SAN blends was investigated using the changes in the slope of the storage modulus curve in terms of temperature as well as the spinodal temperatures based on Ajji and Choplin's theory. The LCST diagram obtained through the temperature sweep test for PCL/SAN blends moved to higher points with the increase in the molecular weight of PCL, and the phase diagram was moved to lower points by increasing the cooling rate of the temperature sweep tests. With the increase in the molecular weight of faster PCL phase in the blend, the viscoelastic difference of the two phases decreased and the compatibility window expanded.