bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Self-Care Activities in Type 2 Diabetes in Brazil: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Toledo Marileila Marques , da Silva Edson , Esteves Elizabethe Adriana 
Published: February 2024

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is growing worldwide. It is estimated that 15.7 million people aged between 20 and 79 years live with diabetes in Brazil, and the majority of cases are type 2 diabetes (T2D). To successfully manage diabetes, the patient needs to develop self-care activities. However, there is limited understanding of what self-care activities are performed by people with T2D in Brazil.

Objective
This study aims to identify and map studies that evaluate self-care activities in T2D in Brazil.

Methods
This is a scoping review protocol structured according to the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Six databases and gray literature were used. The process of searching, identifying, and evaluating the papers was carried out by 2 independent reviewers, guided by the assumptions established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. We sought to answer the following guiding question: How are self-care activities for people with T2D evaluated in Brazil? We included papers and publications in any language, from public and private domains, and with different methodological approaches.

Results
Initial database searches produced a total of 681 results. These papers will be critically analyzed, and relevant information will be extracted. Quantitative and qualitative results of the papers reviewed will be presented to respond to the study’s objective. We intend to publish the scoping review in the first half of 2024.

Conclusions
The protocol for this scoping review will evaluate the main self-care activities carried out by adults and older people with T2D in Brazil. The results may help identify knowledge gaps and contribute to future research and diabetes education interventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/49105
The Impact of Broadband Infrastructure Construction on Medical Resource Mismatch: Quasi-Natural Experiment From the Broadband China Policy
Authors: Chai Yulin , Yuan Xiaoping , Guo Lin , Chen Zhongming 
Published: February 2024

Background
Whether the construction of broadband infrastructure can alleviate the problem of mismatched medical resources is crucial to the national information strategy, residents’ well-being, and social equity. However, the academic community lacks a comprehensive theoretical analysis and rigorous empirical research on this issue.

Objective
This study aims to construct a preliminary theoretical framework to scientifically assess the effects of broadband infrastructure development on the mitigation of health care resource mismatch from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, to explore the potential mechanisms of influence, and ultimately to develop several practical policy recommendations.

Methods
We first used a theoretical analysis to propose testable theoretical hypotheses and establish a preliminary theoretical framework. Then, based on balanced panel data from 300 cities from 2010 to 2021, a 2-way fixed effects difference-in-differences model was used for empirical testing. Mechanism tests, robustness analyses, and heterogeneity analyses were further conducted.

Results
The research findings demonstrate that the Broadband China Policy significantly reduces the degree of mismatch in medical resources by primarily using innovation effects and integration effects, resulting in a reduction of 13.2%. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis reveals that the central and eastern regions, cities with large populations, and areas with a high proportion of young people benefit more significantly.

Conclusions
This study fully confirms, both theoretically and empirically, that broadband infrastructure construction can effectively reduce the mismatch of medical resources not only by expanding the existing literature on the impact of broadband on public services but also by providing valuable opportunities for policy makers to optimize the allocation of medical resources.
Risk factors for Undiagnosed Kidney Disease among Stable First-Degree Relatives of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ozuemba Bartholomew Chukwuka , Ezeude Chidiebele Malachy , Odenigbo Charles Uzoma , Ijoma Chinwuba 
Published: February 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem and has a major impact on health and cost of health care. In Nigeria, renal replacement therapy (RRT) is funded out of pockets by patients and their relatives unlike in most developed countries. There is a high clustering of the risk factors for CKD in FDRs of CKD patients, making then an ideal population for the screening for and the reversal of the modifiable risk factors that predispose to CKD.
Objective: This study determined the risk factors for CKD in the FDRs of patients
Methodology: This study involving 300 subjects: 150 FDRs of CKD patients and 150 control subjects without personal or family history of CKD. The study and control subjects were screened for CKD using urine albumin creatinine ratio (uACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Prevalence rate of the risk factors for CKD such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricaemia and life style practices like significant smoking and heavy alcohol consumption were determined for both the FDRs and the control subjects. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 21.0. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparing the variables between the two study groups for continuous variables that were not normally distributed and Chi square tests for categorical variables.
Results: The prevalence rate of dyslipidaemia and hyperuricaemia was significantly higher among the FDRs of CKD patients compared with the control subjects (26% versus 12%; P = 0.003) and (20.7% versus 7.3%; P = 0.001) respectively. The other risk factors for CKD that included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, significant cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol consumption and herbal medication use were equally more among the FDRs of CKD patients compared with the controls, although not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The risk factors for CKD were common among FDRs of CKD patients. Screening for these risk factors at the earliest possible contact with the FDRs of CKD patients and taking appropriate actions to tackle the modifiable ones will prevent the development of CKD and retard the progression of the already existing disease, reduce the alarming global burden of CKD.
Residents as Teachers: Benefits of Creating Infographics
Authors: Haymaker Christopher M. , Porter-Stransky Kirsten A. , Channell Adam 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: While family medicine (FM) residents are expected to develop teaching skills during their residency, they often develop their approach to teaching informally, with limited explicit instruction in best teaching practices for patients or near peers. Infographics have become an increasingly common tool for teaching because of their ease of use and consistency of message. We explored the impact of an infographic assignment on residents’ teaching practices and perceptions of teaching.
Methods: First- and second-year residents were assigned to create infographics on a topic of their choice. We transcribed and analyzed interviews using applied thematic analysis.
Results: Residents indicated that the assignment helped them to integrate medical knowledge, identify pertinent points, and intentionally consider how they present information.
Conclusion: Creating infographics is a useful way to develop residents’ teaching skills within the context of patient care. For most residents, explicit discussion of their approach to teaching was a new experience, suggesting that more frequent and explicit reflection on teaching could benefit residents, patients, and FM residency programs.
Inspira 3 2020
Authors: Leonardsen Ann-Chatrin Linqvist 
Published: February 2024

Dette er en fulltekst av tidsskriftet Inspira nummer 3, 2020. Merk at tidsskriftet publiseres av Cappelen Damm Akademisk fra og med 15. januar 2021.
Innhold
Redaktøren uttaler seg: Ann-Chatrin Leonardsen
Å simulere de krevende samtalene med pårørende: En evaluering av kommunikasjonstrening med skuespiller: Cathrine Mathisen, Marte-Marie Wallander Karlsen, Lena Günterberg Heyn
Tverrprofesjonell in situ simulering på intensivavdelingen - erfaringer blant leger og sykepleiere: Marita Melbye, Ralf Kirchhoff
Emergence delirium - en undergruppe av postoperativt delir: Siri Gurandsrud Karlsen, Maren Solberg Sandal
Intervju med statssekretær Anne-Grethe Erlandsen: Ann-Chatrin Leonardsen
Gradual exercises aimed at the formation of ethnocultural competence in teaching proverbs to vietnamese students
Authors: Нгуен Тхи Зиеу Линь 
Published: February 2024

Рассматривается понятие «этнокультурная компетентность» в сфере образования. Большое внимание уделено типам упражнений, факторам, которые необходимо учитывать при построении градуальных упражнений, а также критериям для оценки уровня сформированной этно-культурной компетентности учащихся. Предложен дидактический материал, иллюстрирующий представленные упражнения. Описаны упражнения, разработанные по градуальному принципу с целью формирования этнокультурной компетентности вьетнамских учащихся в процессе обучения пословицам с этнокультурным компонентом.
The author highlights the importance of incorporating ethnocultural components in teaching Russian as a foreign language, especially in the context of globalization, and emphasizes that acquiring ethnocultural competence is one of the primary objectives of foreign language teaching. The author examines the concept of “ethnic culture” in the field of education and categorizes ethnocultural components, such as the culture of communication, behavior, history, lifestyle, traditions, customs, and holidays. Furthermore, the author proposes two approaches to define the concept of “ethnocultural competence”: from the perspective of students and from the perspective of teachers. The author also emphasizes the significance of anticipating factors and types of exercises that should be considered before designing gradual exercises, as well as criteria for assessing students’ levels of ethnocultural competence. The author outlines the principles of developing exercises that aim to form the ethnocultural competence of Vietnamese students while teaching proverbs containing ethnocultural components. These principles include a gradual transition from the initial to the final stages, a gradual increase in the complexity of exercises, and a sequential approach. Using these principles, the author describes the didactic materials that exemplify the exercises built on the presented principles. The author suggests that gradual exercises aim to form ethnocultural competence have a great teaching potential.
Features of quantum measurement standards and special status of the second in the SI-2019
Authors: Neyezhmakov Pavel , Vasylieva Olena , Pavlenko Yurii 
Published: February 2024

The implementation of the New SI in 2019 and the definition of base units in terms of “defining constants” has significantly changed the metrology methods and led to the introduction of a quantum approach to the reproduction of units. The paper highlights a number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards, the ultimate accuracy of which is limited only by the “quantum structure of nature”. For electrical measurements, the implementation of the New SI means the end of the dualism that has existed since 1990. The dualism was that the SI defined the ampere – base unit of electricity – by mechanical measurements and quantities, and for reference measurements in practice, it was recommended to use the quantum effects of Josephson and Hall.
A number of features of quantum methods and measurement standards are considered, which made it possible to increase the accuracy of reproduction of electrical units (and even earlier – units of time and length) by several orders of magnitude compared to the “pre-quantum” era.
Another feature of the SI-2019 was the fact that it linked the units of all base quantities to the second and thus paved the way for the reproduction of units in terms of defining constants (which are fixed without uncertainty in the SI-2019) and the second, which is measured with the highest accuracy. Thus, the main task of metrology is to establish the relationship between the measured value and the second. In electrical measurements and some other types of measurements, this function is performed by quantum methods, which are described in this paper.
The extremely high accuracy of time measurements, the availability of its transfer via communication lines, and the system-forming nature of the second determine its special status in SI-2019.
The paper presents that the success in creating frequency measurement standards in the optical range promises further improvement of the accuracy of the second, which only raises its status and may lead to official revision of its definition in terms of the frequency of another quantum transition already existing in the optical range.
It is suggested that the development of quantum measurement methods, the counting nature of these methods, and the features of the second mentioned in the paper bring us closer to the creation of a new metrology that will be a logical continuation of quantum metrology and which can be conventionally called “digital”.
Uncertainty of estimating the characteristic parameter of the two-component mixture
Authors: Volodarskyi Yevhen , Lushchyk Dmytro 
Published: February 2024

The issues of estimating the quality of two-component mixtures, which is determined on the basis of a characteristic parameter, are considered. The value of the characteristic parameter is determined based on the measurement results of component parameters, followed by the calculation according to the model equation.
Since the estimation is carried out in so-called industrial conditions, a parallel-serial organization of the measurement procedure was chosen, in which a common measurement channel (MC) is used. With such an organization, the accuracy of the measurement is mainly determined by the characteristic bias of the conversion characteristic of the MC. Performing computational operations on the measurement results leads to instrumental correlation, which makes a certain contribution to the combined standard uncertainty when estimating a characteristic quantity, which, for example, in the confectionery industry and construction, is moisture.
Research of the reproduction accuracy of a two-component mixture was carried out.
To reduce the influence of moisture deviation of the components, the calibration was carried out to compare the calculated value of the characteristic quantity with the model one.
The uncertainty of estimating the characteristic parameter during the control measurements when monitoring the stability of the technological process is analyzed. It was established that the presence of instrumental correlation increases the uncertainty of estimating the characteristic value by two times. To increase the accuracy of the estimation, a method and its structural implementation are proposed, which allows significant reducing the combined standard uncertainty.
Evaluation of the infrazygomatic crest and mandibular buccal shelf in different sagittal skeletal patterns: a cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Seker Elif Dilara , Kaymakcioglu Elif , Sahin Serife , Kurt Gokmen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare bone thickness, bone height, and density in the infrazygomatic crest (IZC) and the mandibular buccal shelf (MBS) associated with different sagittal skeletal patterns.

Material and Methods
This retrospective study included three groups of which a Class I group consisted of 28 patients (24 female, 4 male, mean age: 26.46 ± 6.1), a Class II group comprised 31 patients (28 female, 3 male, mean age: 30.08 ± 5.9), and a Class III group included 26 patients (22 female, 4 male, mean age: 26.21 ± 5.3). Evaluations of bone characteristics were performed for both the IZC and MBS using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Maxillary length and mandibular body length were also measured on lateral cephalograms. One-way ANOVA, chi-squared, and Spearman’s correlation tests were applied for statistical analysis.

Results
The Class II group showed significantly greater bone thickness at the distal root level of the maxillary second molar in IZC (p < 0.05). While bone thickness showed no statistically significant difference in the MBS between the groups (p > 0.05), the Class II group showed significantly higher bone height values at the distal root level of the mandibular second molar in the MBS (p < 0.05). A statistically significant increase from the mesial aspect to the distal aspect was observed in total bone thickness in the Class I group and total bone thickness and height in the Class II and III groups in the MBS. The mandibular body length and SNB values were positively correlated with the total bone thickness and bone height of the MBS.

Conclusions
Bone thickness in the IZC and bone density in both the IZC and MBS were similar in the different sagittal skeletal patterns. Total bone thickness in the Class I and III groups and the total bone height in the Class II group showed a gradual increase from the mesial to the distal in the MBS. The length of the mandibular body may be a clinical clue to assist in the selection of the appropriate implantation area.
Research funding and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, 2019-2020
Authors: Coccia Mario , Roshani Saeed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding (a main driver for scientific research) and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.

Design/Methodology/Approach
This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers. The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics, chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics, medicine, and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.

Findings
Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine, funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles; vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers. Instead, when overall data of publications and citations in physics, chemistry and medicine are analyzed, all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.

Originality/Value
Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties: a) articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than (un)funded studies published in papers of physics, chemistry and medicine sciences, generating a high Matthew effect (a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers); b) research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research (e.g., chemistry and medicine) more than fields oriented towards basic research (e.g., physics).

Practical Implications
The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion, highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge. This finding can support decisionmaking of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.
The influence of strategic competence on Iraqi EFL university students' conversations
Authors: Ahmed AL-ahbaby Tariq Dhiab , Al Azzawi Istabraq Tariq 
Published: February 2024

Conversation is the most fundamental means we have of interacting with others. Through conversation, people share information, form relationships, solve problems, and accomplish a multitude of everyday goals. Thus, writing and speaking are one of the more traditional aspects of effective communication.
Strategic competence is one of the competencies that contribute in communicative competence. It is the ability to convey information to a listener and correctly interpret information received. It includes the use of communication strategies to solve problems that arise in the process of conveying the information.
Thus, the current study aims to evaluate EFL students' conversational performance in accordance to competence in the written and spoken conversation. In order to accomplish these objectives, the following research questions are formulate: Is there statistical significance in strategic competence as a general dimension between university students' performances at Tikrit and Samarra universities? Is there statistical significance among Iraqi EFL university students' conversational performances in strategic competence at both spoken and written levels? To achieve these research questions, the following aims are posed: Identify and compare influences of strategic competence on Iraqi EFL university students' conversational performance between two universities (Tikrit and Samarra). Moreover, Identify and compare strategic competence levels in spoken and written acts between the two universities (Tikrit and Samarra).
Conversation is the most fundamental means we have of interacting with others. Through conversation, people share information, form relationships, solve problems, and accomplish a multitude of everyday goals. Thus, writing and speaking are one of the more traditional aspects of effective communication.
Strategic competence is one of the competencies that contribute in communicative competence. It is the ability to convey information to a listener and correctly interpret information received. It includes the use of communication strategies to solve problems that arise in the process of conveying the information.
Thus, the current study aims to evaluate EFL students' conversational performance in accordance to competence in the written and spoken conversation. In order to accomplish these objectives, the following research questions are formulate: Is there statistical significance in strategic competence as a general dimension between university students' performances at Tikrit and Samarra universities? Is there statistical significance among Iraqi EFL university students' conversational performances in strategic competence at both spoken and written levels? To achieve these research questions, the following aims are posed: Identify and compare influences of strategic competence on Iraqi EFL university students' conversational performance between two universities