bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Changes After Tap Test in Patients With Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Mayorga Pilar , Hurtado Cethinia , Gempeler Andrés , Cruz-Sanabria Francy , González Martina , Jaramillo Daniel , Mejia-Michelsen Isabella , Gomez Diego , Ramón Juan Fernando , Hakim Fernando 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) leads to cognitive impairment (CI) as part of its triad of symptoms. Its assessments before and after a tap test in suspected patients can be used to inform diagnosis, differentiate NPH symptoms from alternative or concomitant causes of CI, and suggests the potential benefits of valve-placement. The aim of this study was to describe the assessment of domain-specific cognitive performance in patients with NPH diagnosis before and after a tap test, applied as part of the diagnostic workup upon initial NPH suspicion.
Methods: Before-and-after study that included NPH patients that underwent cognitive assessments by neuropsychologists before and after a tap test. Clinical features at baseline and results in the CERAD, ADAS-COG, SVF, PVF, ROCF and IFS tests were recorded. The tests scores were converted to z-scores according to age and level of education. Absolute scores, z-scores are described for each domain and according to the presence of dementia. Changes after tap test were assessed with paired-samples hypothesis testing. This study was approved by the institutional ethics review board before start.
Results: 76 NPH patients were included, their median age was 81 years (77-83) and 65 NPH patients (87.8%) were considered to have improved cognitive performance after tap test as part initial usual-care diagnostic assessment. We detected small differences in scores of ROCF (p=0.018) and IFS (p<0.001) between pre- and post-tap test assessments. No difference in the proportion of patients with altered cognitive performance was detected in this short 24-hour interval. Dementia was concomitant in 68.4% of patients, was negatively associated with improvement in SVF (2.9% vs. 28.6%, p=0.003) and IFS (0% vs. 16%, p=0.014) and may have affected detection of improvement for other tests.
Conclusion: Executive function and praxis are the cognitive domains more susceptible to improvement after a tap test in a 24-hour interval in NPH patients upon initial assessment. These results are of interest to multidisciplinary groups involved in the diagnosis of NPH and could help inform patient selection for valve placement in NPH.
Prospective validation of a mobile health application for blood pressure management in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Kwun Ju-Seung , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Choi Hong-Mi , Choi Hye-Jung , Kang Si-Hyuck , Park Jee Yoon , Kim Hyeon Ji , Choi Bo Young , Lee Min Jung , Yoo Sooyoung , Suh Jung-Won 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) pose significant risks to both maternal and fetal health, contributing to global morbidity and mortality. Management of HDP is complex, particularly because of concerns regarding fetal safety associated with pharmaceutical interventions. The use of mobile health (mHealth) applications for blood pressure management has shown promise. This prospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Heart4U mHealth application for proactive blood pressure management in pregnant individuals with HDP, to improve short-term maternal and fetal outcomes and potential long-term cardiovascular consequences.
Methods
This prospective, randomized, single-center trial will include 580 pregnant participants who meet the HDP criteria or who have a heightened risk of pregnancy-related hypertension due to factors such as multiple pregnancies, obesity, diabetes, or a history of HDP in prior pregnancies leading to preterm birth. Participants are randomized to either the mHealth intervention group or the standard care group. The primary endpoint is the difference in systolic blood pressure from enrollment to one month after childbirth. The secondary endpoints include various blood pressure parameters, obstetric outcomes, body mass index trajectory, step counts, mood assessment, and drug adherence.
Conclusions
This study emphasizes the potential of mHealth interventions, such as the Heart4U application, to improve blood pressure management in pregnant individuals with HDP. By leveraging technology to enhance engagement, communication, and monitoring, this study aims to positively impact maternal, fetal, and postpartum outcomes associated with HDP. This innovative approach demonstrates the potential of personalized technology-driven solutions for managing complex health conditions.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05995106) registered in 16 August 2023. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05995106
Dynamic of land use and vegetation change in the eastern bank of Bénoué (North Cameroon).
Authors: Djosebe Azaria , Froumsia Moksia , Tchobsala Tchobsala , Kamblaba Pierre , bakary Prudence Tezore 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The eastern part of the Benoue River bank is undergoing degradation marked by a significant decrease in vegetation cover and woody resources due to anthropogenic activities and climatic deterioration. The main objective of this study is to analyze the farmers' knowledge of vegetation evolution and the dynamics of land use using satellite images in the east of the bank of the Benoue. The methodological approach used is an integrated one combining field surveys, remote sensing, mapping, and modeling. The results obtained show that 88% of the population surveyed believe that the area covered by vegetation has decreased. The reasons for this decrease are numerous, but the main one remains the strong anthropic activity that would be at the origin of the progressive degradation of the land. The evolutionary trend of plant formations is essentially regressive for natural formations from 1991 to 2021. The analysis of the evolution of land use showed that in the Rey-Bouba district during 1991, 58.24% of the area formerly made up of dense woody formations regressed considerably to 25.77% in 2021. The same is true for the Bibemi district where the area of wooded zone has decreased from 65.47% in 1991 to 28.45% of the total area in 2021. This regression of the surface area of wooded formations was done to the benefit of anthropized occupation classes whose area has increased. They suggest an effective awareness in the monitoring of the dynamics of the vegetation cover subjected to anthropic pressures and climatic variations for a better-integrated management of the vegetation of this area.
Crosstalk among TFEB, the autophagy lysosomal pathway and ROS derived from damaged mitochondria in NaAsO2-induced auditory senescent cells
Authors: Hayashi Ken , Suzuki Yuna , Goto Fumiyuki , Nomura Yasuyuki , Makishima Makoto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is one of the most prevalent types of sensory decline in a superaging society. Although various studies have focused on the effect of oxidative stress on the inner ear as an inducer of ARHL, there are no effective preventive approaches for ARHL. Recent studies have suggested that oxidative stress-induced DNA damage responses (oxidative DDRs) drive cochlear cell senescence and contribute to accelerated ARHL, and autophagy could function as a defense mechanism against cellular senescence in auditory cells. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) is a unique oxidative stress inducer associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes high-tone hearing loss similar to ARHL. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) functions as a master regulator of the autophagy‒lysosome pathway (ALP), which is a potential target during aging and the pathogenesis of various age-related diseases. Here, we focused on the function of TFEB and the impact of intracellular ROS as a potential target for ARHL treatment in a NaAsO2-induced auditory premature senescence model. Our results suggested that short exposure to NaAsO2 leads to DNA damage, lysosomal damage and mitochondrial damage in auditory cells, triggering temporary signals for TFEB transport into the nucleus and, as a result, causing insufficient autophagic flux and declines in lysosomal function and biogenesis and mitochondrial quality. Then, intracellular ROS derived from damaged mitochondria play a role as a second messenger to induce premature senescence in auditory cells. These findings suggest that TFEB activation via transport into the nucleus contributes to anti-senescence activity in auditory cells and represents a new therapeutic target for ARHL. We have revealed the potential function of TFEB as a master regulator of the induction of oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and the senescence-associated secretion phenotype (SASP) in auditory cells, which regulates ALP and controls mitochondrial quality through ROS production.
Short-term frequently relapsing ischemic strokes followed by rapidly progressive dementia in CADASIL: a case report and literature review
Authors: Geng Yumei , Cai Chang , Li Huimin , Zhou Qing , Wang Mengying , Kang Huicong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment are common in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), which exists a natural disease process and progresses slowly. Here, we report a rare 50-year-old woman who had rapid disease progression with C. 457C > T, p. Argl53Cys heterozygous mutation in exon 4 of NOTCH3 gene, and discuss the possible reasons. Furthermore, we summarize clinical and imaging characteristics of 14 patients with Arg153Cys mutation.
Case presentation: The proband suffered acute ischemic stroke five times in five months followed by rapidly progressive dementia (RPD), inability to be living independently, though she didn’t have vascular risk factors and under standardized secondary prevention therapy from the first stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive white matter hyperintensities, numerous ischemic infracts and microbleeds, and severe brain atrophy. Her elder brother and other patients with Arg153Cys mutation all did not progress so quickly. Her multiple strokes may associate with the poor self-regulation of blood vessels, which may promote the occurrence of RPD. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs were difficult to prevent ischemic strokes. Severe imaging findings may indicate rapid progression of CADASIL. Additionally, we found that headache was a very frequent symptom in Arg153Cys mutation patients, accounting for 76.9%.
Conclusions: CADASIL can also appear rapid progression, as illustrated by our proband, which is worthy clinicians' attention and intervention timely. The relationship between genotype and phenotype may also need to be further studied.
Spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture in a case of muscular dystrophy misdiagnosed as pneumothorax – Case report.
Authors: DAMMALAPATI PAVAN KUMAR 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Diaphragmatic rupture is almost always iatrogenic with variable presentation. It should be diagnosed with a high suspicion index in blunt thoracic trauma cases. Muscular dystrophy is associated with diaphragmatic muscle weakness. Spontaneous pneumothorax is also common in cases of muscular dystrophy which might be asymptomatic. The authors here describe a case of a 9-year-old male child who presented with a semi-acute diaphragmatic hernia that was misdiagnosed as pneumothorax and a faulty chest drain insertion was done in a background of chronic muscular dystrophy which was later repaired. The knowledge of muscular dystrophy and its varied presentation including the rare presentation of spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture (SDR) is very important to the clinicians to have a high index of suspicion in treating such patients. To conclude a placement of the ryles’ tube before placing an intercostal drainage would have prevented the misdiagnosis of the pneumothorax.
‘Talking Lines’: The Stories of Diagnosis and Support as Told by those with Lived Experience of Rarer Forms of Dementia
Authors: Rossi-Harries Samuel , Harrison Charles R. , Camic Paul M. , Sullivan Mary Pat , Grillo Adetola , Crutch Sebastian James , Harding Emma 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
People living with, or caring for someone with, rarer forms of dementia can encounter issues while obtaining a diagnosis and trying to access appropriate support. This can affect their wellbeing, quality of life, social relationships and employment status. This study makes use of an arts-based narrative approach to explore individual accounts of these experiences whilst also exploring how, in telling their stories, those affected by rare dementia might invoke, and situate their stories in relation to, broader cultural narratives around dementia and illness.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted via video-conferencing software with participants (N = 27), living with, or caring for someone with, a rare dementia. Participants used line drawings to depict their journey from initial symptoms to the present day, followed by prompts to verbally narrate their experiences. All interview transcripts and line drawings were subjected to narrative analysis. Four sets of transcripts and drawings were then subjected to more in-depth analysis.
Results
Analysis shed light on the struggles encountered by both care-partners and people with a diagnosis, while navigating a health and social care system that does not always understand their needs. This often led to individuals feeling isolated and unsupported. Accounts also depicted challenges to identity brought on by the process. The moment of diagnosis was also drawn in a complicated light. Individuals found comfort in gaining understanding, but felt fear at recognising upcoming challenges. Participants situated their own accounts against mainstream cultural narratives around what good support for cognitive impairment and dementia might look like, whilst also demonstrating the influential role they took on in pursuing the right care.
Conclusions
The use of line drawing, alongside narrative interviews, allowed participants to tell complicated, sometimes anachronistic, stories about difficult experiences, whilst also reflecting on, and attaching meaning to, them. These stories highlighted pressing gaps in healthcare services and shone a light on the various pieces of collective action individuals were engaged in in order to improve them. Finally, in modelling some elements of the participants’ service provision which were working, the narratives pointed to future directions services might move in.
Design and simulation of a new type of composite flexible-spoke non-pneumatic tire
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Fu Hongxu , Ni Shanqian , Chen Kai , Zhang Jinyan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a new type of composite flexible-spoke non-pneumatic tire structure to address issues such as easy fatigue failure, difficult maintenance and high replacement costs of the support bodies of conventional non-pneumatic tires. Firstly, a new composite flexible-spoke non-pneumatic tire model was established using ABAQUS software. Finite element simulation analysis was then carried out to study the basic mechanical properties of this tire, as well as the relationship between the sinking amount of the tire and motion interference between adjacent support body units under different thicknesses of the double arcs sections of individual support body units. The results show that the larger the sinking amount of the new composite flexible-spoke non-pneumatic tire, the easier it is for adjacent support body units to interfere with each other's motion. To avoid motion interference, two improvement schemes were proposed on the basis of the original tire model, and the rationality of the improvement schemes was verified through finite element simulation. This research provides a new solution to reduce the difficulty of maintenance and cost of replacement of non-pneumatic tire support bodies.
A network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associations with quality of life among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Dong Shuwen , Ru Shouhang , Zhu Liwan , Sun Xinchang , Wang Wanxin , Chen Xiaosheng , Wang Weijun , Zhu Zhixiang , Yang Lei , Lu Ciyong , Yan Bin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Depressive and anxiety symptoms are mental disorders common in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Severe mental disorders result in a diminished quality of life (QOL). This study investigated the network structure of depressive and anxiety symptoms and explored how these symptoms are connected with QOL among patients with AIS.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to February 2023. Patients aged 10 to 16 years who had been diagnosed with AIS (Cobb angle ≥ 10°) at the Spine Health Centre of Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital were included. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, and QOL, respectively. A network analysis was performed to explore central symptoms, bridge symptoms and their associations with QOL. Sex differences in the structure and connectivity were identified by the network comparison test (NCT).
Results
A total of 811 patients with AIS (205 males [25.3%]) and 606 females ([74.7%]) aged 10 to 16 years (mean [SD], 13.51 [1.7] years) participated. The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients diagnosed with AIS was 36.3% and 34.6%, respectively, while a comorbidity rate of 26.8% was observed. Network analysis revealed that “Sad mood”, “Excessive worry” and “Fatigue” were identified as the central symptoms in the whole depressive and anxiety symptoms network, while “Sad mood” and “Irritability” served as bridge symptoms. “Uncontrollable worry” exhibited the most robust direct association with physical QOL, while “Irritability”, “Anhedonia” and “Sad mood” were directly associated with mental QOL. Gender did not exert a discernible influence on the global strength and network structure of the depressive and anxiety symptoms network.
Conclusions
The central and bridge symptoms identified within the network may serve as potential targets for intervention in depressive and anxiety symptoms and the comorbidity among patients with AIS. Interventions that target specific symptoms directly related to QOL are necessary to mitigate depressive and anxiety symptoms and improve the QOL of patients with AIS.
Validation of a modified version of the Gross Motor Function Measure in PPPR5D related neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Kanner Cara H. , Uher David , Zreibe Kyle , Beard Gabriella , Patterson Madison , Harris Matthew , Doerger Jerome , Calamia Sean , Chung Wendy K , Montes Jacqueline 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B’ Delta (PPP2R5D)-related neurodevelopmental disorder is a rare genetic condition caused by pathogenic variants in the PPP2R5D gene. Clinical signs include hypotonia, gross motor delay, intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, speech delays, and abnormal gait among other impairments. As this disorder was recognized within the last decade, there are only 103 people published diagnoses to date. A thorough understanding of the motor manifestations of this disorder has not yet been established. Knowledge of the natural history of PPP2R5D related neurodevelopmental disorder will lead to improved standard of care treatments as well as serve as a baseline foundation for future clinical trials. Appropriate outcome measures are necessary for use in clinical trials to uniformly measure function and monitor potential for change. The aim of this study was to validate the gross motor function measure (GMFM) in children and adults with PPP2R5D-related neurodevelopmental disorder in order to better characterize the disorder.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight individuals with PPP2R5D pathogenic variants, median age 8.0 years (range 1–27) were evaluated. Gross motor, upper limb and ambulatory function were assessed using the GMFM-66, six-minute walk test (6MWT), 10-meter walk run (10MWR), timed up and go (TUG), and revised upper limb module (RULM). The pediatric disability inventory computer adapted test (PEDI-CAT) captured caregiver reported assessment. Median GMFM-66 score was 60.6 (SD = 17.3, range 21.1–96.0). There were strong associations between the GMFM-66 and related mobility measures, 10MWR (rs=-0.733; p < .001), TUG (rs=-0.747; p = 0.003), 6MWT (r = 0.633; p = 0.006), RULM (r = 0.763; p < .001), PEDICAT-mobility (r = 0.855; p < .001), and daily activities (r = 0.822; p < .001) domains.
CONCLUSIONS
The GMFM is a valid measure for characterizing motor function in individuals with PPP2R5D related neurodevelopmental disorder. The GMFM-66 had strong associations with the RULM and timed function tests which characterized gross motor, upper limb and ambulatory function demonstrating concurrent validity. The GMFM-66 was also able to differentiate between functional levels in PPP2R5D related neurodevelopmental disorder demonstrating discriminant validity. Future studies should examine its sensitivity to change over time, ability to identify sub-phenotypes, and suitability as an outcome measure in future clinical trials in individuals with PPP2R5D variants.
Design and performance analysis of an adjustable quasi-zero-stiffness isolator with four parallel springs for different loads
Authors: Ju Jinyong , Ji Xuyang , Liu Yufei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the vibration isolation performance of existing quasi-zero-stiffness isolators will be weakened under varying load conditions, an adjustable four-spring parallel quasi-zero-stiffness isolator (FPQZSI) is proposed by introducing the tilt linkage, which can actively adapt to load changes by adjusting the angle between the tilt linkage and the horizontal plane. The FPQZSI consists of a vertical spring that provides positive stiffness and three tilt springs, installed on the tilt linkages, that provide negative stiffness. According to the static equilibrium relationship, the conditions that the FPQZSI has zero stiffness at the equilibrium position are obtained. Then, the optimal structure parameters of the FPQZSI are determined based on maximizing the system quasi-zero-stiffness interval, and the quantitative relationship between the angles of the tilt linkage and the load mass is investigated. Furthermore, a unified dynamic equation for the FPQZSI under varying load conditions is established. The influences of the device structural parameters, the tilt linkage angle, and the load mass on the vibration response and displacement transmission characteristics of the FPQZSI are analyzed by using the harmonic balance method. The results indicate that by actively adjusting the tilt linkage angle, the designed FPQZSI can ensure good vibration isolation performance under varying load conditions.