bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A - 120 Fatigue Moderates the Relationship between Negative Attributional Style and Depression Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Verkuilen Alexa , Bradson Megan , Arnett Peter 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate whether fatigue moderates the relationship between negative attributional style and depression symptoms in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS).

Method
Forty-seven PwMS (39 Female) completed a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and psychosocial questionnaires. The Attributional Style Questionnaire was utilized to create internal, stable, and global attribution dimension scores, and an overall attributional style score combining the three dimensions. Overall, physical, psychosocial, and cognitive fatigue were measured using the Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS). The Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen was used to measure depression symptoms. Separate regressions with depression symptoms as the outcome were conducted with attributional style, each type of fatigue, and their interactions included as predictors.

Results
Regression analyses revealed that the interaction between attributional style and overall fatigue significantly predicted depression symptoms (p = 0.049). Simple effects tests showed that overall attributional style significantly predicted depression symptoms when overall fatigue was high (p = 0.008). The interactions between attributional style and both physical fatigue (p = 0.003) and psychosocial fatigue (p = 0.039) also significantly predicted depression symptoms. Simple effects tests showed that attributional style was associated with depression symptoms only in PwMS with high physical fatigue (p &lt; 0.001) and high psychosocial fatigue (p = 0.018).

Conclusions
Fatigue moderated the relationship between overall attributional style and depression symptoms in PwMS. Specifically, attributional style was only significantly associated with depression symptoms in PwMS reporting high levels of overall, physical, and psychosocial fatigue. Interventions aimed at targeting fatigue may reduce the risk that negative attributional style will lead to depressive symptoms in MS.
A - 125 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity and its Relationship to Performance on the Test of Memory Malingering in a Veteran Sample
Authors: Marceaux Janice C , Bain Kathleen M , Andrews Anthony P , Valencia Julianna P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine relationships between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and performance on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) trials in veterans without a diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder.

Method
A sample of 47 clinically-referred veterans (80.9% male; Mage = 57.47, SD = 14.83; Medu = 13.91, SD = 2.5) who did not meet criteria for a neurocognitive disorder completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the TOMM. Primary diagnoses included PTSD (48.9%), no diagnosis (23.4%), and depression (19.1%). A cutoff of 45 was used for each trial; 47 completed Trial 1 (TOMM-T1), 17 completed Trial 2 (TOMM-T2), and 10 completed Retention Trial (TOMM-Ret). Nine participants (19.1%) failed the TOMM. Analyses included Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation, and independent-samples t-tests. Age was negatively correlated with PCL-5 and positively correlated with TOMM-T1; therefore, relevant partial correlations were conducted.

Results
TOMM-T1 demonstrated a moderate, negative correlation with PCL-5, rs(45) = −0.469, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI(−0.688,-0.248). A moderate non-significant correlation was found between TOMM-T2 and PCL-5, rs(15) = −0.405, p = 0.053, 95%CI(−0.775,0.014). PCL-5 and TOMM-Ret were not correlated. Controlling for age, the correlation between PCL-5 and TOMM-T1 remained significant (rs[44] = −0.426, p = 0.002). Those who passed TOMM (M = 38.45, SD = 16.48) had significantly lower PCL-5 scores compared to those who failed (M = 57.67, SD = 13.83), t(45) = −3.231, p = 0.001, Cohen’s D = 16.04.

Conclusions
Among veterans, PTSD symptom severity was related to TOMM scores and/or failure. Findings highlight a need to consider the role PTSD symptoms may play in neuropsychological assessment. Findings further support recommendations for trauma-focused treatment before formal neuropsychological testing, as psychiatric symptoms may interfere with obtaining a valid assessment of cognition.
A - 126 Cognitive Performance in Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder and no Diagnosis
Authors: Molina Karla , Abinader Melodie , Nunez Christina , Golden Charles 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To compare performance in neuropsychological assessments between a sample of individuals with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and those with no diagnosis.

Methods
The MDD group (n = 77; Mage = 34.69, SD = 12.80; Med =13.41, SD = 2.45) had 41.6% male, 69.7% White, 10.5% Black, 17.1% Hispanic, and 2.6% other race). The undiagnosed group (n = 83, Mage = 33.39, SD = 11.82; Med =13.62, SD = 3.02) had 56.6% male, 56.6% White, 18.1% Black, 16.9% Hispanic, and 8.4% other. Participants were selected from a de-identified outpatient clinical database. The groups did not differ significantly in age, years of education, race, or gender (p values &gt;0.05).

Results
No significant differences were found in intellectual functioning or memory ability as measured by the WAIS-IV and WMS-IV, respectively (p values &gt;0.05). At the group level, individuals diagnosed with MDD completed significantly fewer categories [t(137) = −2.15, p = 0.02] and made more errors [t(137) = 1.99, p = 0.02] and perseverative responses [t(135) = 2.66, p = 0.004] on the WCST than undiagnosed participants.

Conclusion
The increased number of errors and perseverative responses among individuals with MDD might be associated with difficulties sustaining attention, set-shifting, and abstract concept formation associated with depression. As expected, we did not observe differences in recognition memory or intellectual functioning, which tend to remain stable in the presence of mood disorders. Limitations of our study include the lack of a premorbid measure of intellectual functioning and MDD severity. Future research could explore the effect of MDD severity on cognitive performance.
A - 131 Social Adjustment and Functioning in Serious Mental Illness Is Predicted by Social Cognition
Authors: Gates-Woodyatt Jessica , Ringdahl Erik N , Standridge Jennifer , Collins Delaney , Goto Amber , Allen Daniel N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Deficits in social cognition (SC) and social functioning (SF) are prominent in schizophrenia. This study used standardized assessments to examine SC and SF to determine if similar deficits are present in persons diagnosed with bipolar disorders.

Method
The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT) was used to assess emotion identification and social inference, and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS) to assess SF domains (Social Engagement, Interpersonal Communication, Independent Performance, Independent Competence, Recreation, Prosocial, and Employment). The TASIT and SFS were administered to individuals with schizophrenia (SZ; N = 22), bipolar disorder with psychotic features (BP+; N = 20) or without psychotic features (BP-; N = 21), and healthy controls (HC; N = 22). Mixed model ANOVA examined group differences and multiple regression determined if SC predicted SF.

Results
The SZ group showed significantly worse SF compared to all other groups. There was no significant difference between the BP+ and BP-, and both BP groups performed worse than HCs. For multiple regression, the three clinical groups (SZ, BP+, BP-) were combined to yield an overall SMI group (N = 63). TASIT emotion identification and social inference predicted performance on SFS domains of Independent Performance, Independent Competence, Recreation, Prosocial, and SFS total score. Emotion identification was the strongest predictor of the Independent Performance domain in comparison to social inference.

Conclusions
Performance on the TASIT predicted performance across several domains of SF in SMI. Differences were present based on the specific SC abilities and SF domains, suggesting SC abilities are more strongly associated with some functional domains but not others, which may help guide clinical decision making.
A - 132 Social Cognition Predicts Functional Outcomes in Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Gates-Woodyatt Jessica , Ringdahl Erik N , McGinty Kayla Fobian , Calip Gia , Done Monica , Allen Daniel N 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are leading causes of functional disability worldwide. Difficulty completing instrumental and more routine activities of daily living is one of the most limiting and overlooked features of these disorders. The current study investigated whether deficits in social cognition are associated with increased functional disability in overall serious mental illness (SMI).

Method
Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ; N = 22), bipolar disorder with psychotic features (BP+; N = 20) and without psychotic features (BP-; N = 21), and healthy controls (HC; N = 22) completed The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT) to examine emotion identification and social inference, and The University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA) to assess functional capacity. A mixed model ANOVA was performed to examine group differences and multiple regression was used to determine if social cognition predicted social functioning.

Results
The SZ group showed significantly worse UPSA functional performance compared to all other groups. The three diagnostic groups (SZ, BP+, BP-) were merged to yield an overall SMI group (N = 63). Multiple regressions indicated TASIT emotion identification and social inference predicted UPSA functioning in household maintenance, communication, finance management, and planning. Social inference was the strongest predictor of overall UPSA functioning, compared to emotion identification.

Conclusions
TASIT scores predicted performance across several domains of functioning in SMI. Since functional outcomes are a strong indicator of clinical recovery throughout the course of SMI, additional research may investigate the role that social cognitive abilities play in this recovery.
A - 143 Factor Structure of the Beck Anxiety Inventory in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Hayden Abigail M , Erickson Thane , Chu Zoey , Glisky Martha , Caughie Cali , Wee Janelle Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Beck Anxiety Inventory-II (BAI) is a widely used screening instrument for anxiety symptoms in clinical and medical populations. The factor structure of the BAI remains unknown for people with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), despite common anxiety symptoms in this group. This study compared one, two, and four-factor models of the BAI in an mTBI sample.

Data Selection
A sample of 141 individuals diagnosed with an mTBI were evaluated. All subjects were administered the BAI screening measure during a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation in a private practice setting. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test whether items loaded on a single anxiety factor, a two-factor structure with a somatic-affective and cognitive component of anxiety (based on original BAI), or a four-factor structure derived from studies in other populations with cognitive impairments.

Data Synthesis
The sample was predominantly female (63%), with a mean age of 46.93 (SD = 13.28) and a mean education level of 15.08 (SD = 2.65). Consistent with prior literature, 69% of our sample reported at least mild symptoms of anxiety (BAI &gt; 8). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results indicated the best fit was the model with four factors consisting of cognitive, autonomic, neuromotor, and panic symptoms, CFI = 0.92; RMSEA = 0.067, 90% CI (0.053,0.081).

Conclusion
These results suggest that instead of the two-factor model posited by original creators of the BAI, clinicians and researchers should attend to four clusters of anxiety symptoms in mTBI populations. Anxiety symptoms following mTBI can be evaluated based on cognitive, autonomic, neuromotor, and panic components.
A - 150 Emotional Awareness in Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Lengenfelder Jeannie , Leddy Jacqueline , Pek Nicholas , Chiaravalloti Nancy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine emotional awareness in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) utilizing the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS).

Methods
Thirty-nine individuals with moderate–severe TBI received the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) consisting of 10 scenarios. Each scenario contains two components: a self-component, where participants are required to describe how they would feel, and another component, where they describe how the other person in the scenario would feel. Individuals also received Empathy Scale (ES) and Empathy Quotient (EQ) to evaluate empathy as well as measures of quality of life (Quality of Life After Brain Injury QOLIBRI), satisfaction with life (SWL), and mood (Beck Depression Inventory-II BDI-II; State Trait Anxiety Inventory- STAI).

Results
Individuals with TBI had a mean age of 46.08 (12.67), education of 14.28 (1.90) years and were on the average 113.25 (104.63) months since injury. Results indicate that the LEAS is associated with empathy on both the ES r(39) =0.34, p = 0.034 and EQ r(39) =0.37, p = 0.019. The LEAS was not associated with QOLIBRI r(39) =0.09, p = 0.572, SWL r(39) = −0.18, p = 0.286, BDI-II r(39) =0.12, p = 0.453 or STAI r(39) =0.05, p = 0.758.

Conclusions
Our data suggests individuals with TBI emotional awareness is associated with empathy, specifically lower emotional awareness is associated with lower empathy. Emotional awareness is not associated with quality of life, satisfaction with life or mood. Understanding the relationship between these two constructs may aide in where to target interventions to improve social outcomes for individuals with TBI.
A - 152 Won’t Get Fooled Again: Factors in Persistent Complaints Following Youth Concussion
Authors: Marschall Kelsea P , O'Reilly Molly , Barros Kathleen , Hammond Jared , Lichtenstein Jonathan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
While symptoms following youth concussion typically resolve within one month of injury, some patients report persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). The current project aims to characterize a sample of sports neuropsychology patients, examine clinical outcomes, and determine relevant factors.

Methods
Sports neuropsychology evaluated 38 consecutively referred patients at a rural academic medical center. The sample was 50% female, mostly White (91.9%), and ranged from 7–22 years of age (M = 16.45, SD = 2.92). Most had pre-existing conditions (medical/psychiatric; 78.9%), and 63% had at least one previous concussion. Months-from-injury varied (median = 4; range = 1–29). FSIQ was average (M = 107, SD = 15.45). We analyzed relationships between factors and outcomes using correlations (Spearman’s rho or Pearson’s r) and stepwise linear regression to determine prediction.

Results
Only nine patients’ persistent complaints were due to concussion, while medical or psychiatric etiologies explained PPCS in the majority of the sample (76.3%). Outcomes were uncorrelated with gender, age, race, IQ, or months-since-injury. Pre-existing depression (rs(37) = −0.40, p = 0.01) and migraines (rs(37) = −0.35, p = 0.02) both showed significant moderate correlations with outcome. Stepwise regression indicated that only pre-existing depression (β = −0.360, p = 0.01) significantly predicted the non-concussion clinical outcome.

Conclusions
In our sample, the etiology of PPCS was something other than concussion in over 76% of youth seen by sports neuropsychology. Pre-existing depression and migraines were significantly correlated with this outcome, and depression was a significant predictor. These results add to the literature on PPCS in children. Neuropsychologist involvement earlier in concussion care may help prevent PPCS by rapidly connecting patients to the proper interventions, thereby reducing families’ economic burden and improving patients’ quality of life.
A - 153 Differing Impacts of Divided Auditory and Visual Attention on Abstract Reasoning among Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Mateer Elizabeth , Wee Janelle Y , Caughie Cali , Chu Zoey , Glisky Martha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Although not all mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) lead to long-term effects, they can still have significant cognitive and emotional impacts. One of the common lasting symptoms of mTBI is attentional deficit, with divided attention being specifically negatively impacted by mTBIs. This study investigated the impacts of divided auditory attention and divided visual attention on executive functioning among patients with mTBI.

Method
Participants were 98 mTBI patients. Ethnicity was self-identified as 77.5% White, 6.3%, Asian, 2.7% Hispanic, and 13.5% Mixed/Other, gender was 68% women. Tests included the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) Numbers & Letters Test to assess divided visual attention, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) for divided auditory attention, and the Halstead Category Test (HCT) to assess the abstract reasoning domain of executive functioning as part of a full neuropsychological evaluation at a private outpatient clinic. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data.

Results
The overall model was statistically significant (F(3,94) = 3.23, p = 0.03, R2 = 0.09). Results indicated a significant positive relationship between abstract reasoning and auditory divided attention (β = 2.42, p = 0.03), but no significant relationship between abstract reasoning and visual divided attention (β = 1.5, p = 0.2).

Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that divided auditory and visual attention may impact the abstract reasoning and problem-solving domain of executive functioning differently among those who have sustained mild traumatic brain injury. Specifically, divided auditory attention may play a more significant role in abstract reasoning abilities than visual divided attention.
A - 163 Investigating the Relationship between the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and Screening Measures of Anxiety, Depression, and Emotional Symptoms in Adolescents with Concussion
Authors: Shurtz Logan , Bunt Stephen C , Chowdhury Sebastian K , Didehbani Nyaz , Stokes Matthew , Miller Shane M , Bell Kathleen R , Cullum C Munro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Resilience has been found to be a factor in concussion recovery, and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) has been validated as a measure of resilience in adults. Investigation of the BRS in adolescents with concussion and its relationship with current measures of anxiety, depression, and emotional symptoms may prove beneficial in further understanding emotional response to concussions in adolescents.

Method
Participants aged 12–17 who sustained a concussion (n = 1168) were evaluated within 30 days of injury at a North Texas Concussion Registry (ConTex) clinic. Participants completed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), the General Anxiety Disorder 7 scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8), and the emotional cluster (feeling irritable, sad, nervous, and more emotional) of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition Symptom Evaluation (SCAT5) at initial visit. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to determine the relationship between scores on these four measures.

Results
Pearson correlations between BRS scores and scores from the other measures were modest but statistically significant: GAD-7 (r = −0.392, p &lt; 0.001), PHQ-8 (r = −0.321, p &lt; 0.001), and the emotional cluster of the SCAT5 (r = −0.301, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Comparison of BRS score with GAD-7, PHQ-8, and the emotional cluster of the SCAT5 indicates that resilience may exhibit a modest inverse correlation with screening measures of anxiety, depression, and emotional symptoms, and thus a discrete factor for use in evaluating initial emotional response to concussion in adolescents.
A - 173 Symbol Match Validity at the Montefiore Memory Disorder Centers
Authors: Carmona Gabriela , Nsubayi Celeste , Stimmel Marnina , Ayers Emmeline , Verghese Joe , Weiss Erica F 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To demonstrate the validity of the Symbol Match in a diverse clinical setting.

Background
To improve detection of cognitive impairment in older primary care patients, our team developed the 5-Cog, a 5-minute cognitive assessment and decision tree paradigm that can be administered by non-clinicians. The Symbol Match is a new 90-second oral symbol and digit substitution task that is one of the three tests in the 5-Cog that assesses processing speed and executive function.

Methods
50 participants (66% female; 44% Hispanic, 38% Non-Hispanic Black; 36% evaluated in Spanish) with a mean age of 77.84 ± 7.3, and 12 ± 4.7 mean years of education. Participants were recruited following clinical evaluations at the Montefiore Memory Disorder Centers and had confirmed clinical diagnoses of dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or subjective cognitive concerns (SCC).

Results
Symbol Match scores were significantly different (p &lt; 0.001) between participants with SCC (N = 5, M = 48 ± 9.7), MCI (N = 14, M = 31.7 ± 14.3), and dementia (N = 28, M = 9.6 ± 11.5). Age (p = 0.004) and education (p &lt; 0.001) were correlated with Symbol Match score in the overall sample. Symbol Match scores were significantly different between the 3 disease states (p &lt; 0.001) even when controlling for age and education. The Symbol Match was highly correlated (r = 0.843, p &lt; 0.001) with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), an established neuropsychological measure of processing speed and executive function.

Conclusion
This study provides initial validation of the Symbol Match and its utility in a clinical population. Further research on psychometric properties and construct validity of this new tool is needed.
A - 175 EEG Phase Can be Predicted with Similar Accuracy across Cognitive States after Accounting for Power and SNR
Authors: Kim Brian , Erickson Brian A , Fernandez-Nuñez Guadalupe , Medaglia John D , Mentzelopoulos Georgios , Rich Ryan R , Vitale Flavia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Electroencephalogram (EEG) phase can capture neural oscillation dynamics. Accordingly, EEG phase is a potential target for neurofeedback and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, rigorous tests of the generalizability of real-time EEG phase are needed, requiring accurate phase estimates. We examined how cognitive states affect EEG phase prediction accuracy in the parieto-occipital alpha band.

Data Selection
We identified datasets through public repositories. After preprocessing, we used the Educated Temporal Prediction Algorithm (ETP) to predict future peaks. We compared these predictions to the original signal, and defined accuracy from 0 to 100%. Our independent variable was cognitive state (eyes-open rest, eyes-closed rest, task), dependent variable was accuracy, and covariates were EEG instantaneous power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We used a linear mixed-effects model, with random effects for dataset and individual.

Data Synthesis
Across the 11 datasets, we had 543 participants and 1,641,074 predictions. There were no significant accuracy differences among the conditions (p &lt; 1e-5), with a baseline accuracy of 59.07%. Power had an effect on accuracy, with a unit increase leading to a 13.1% increase in accuracy (p &lt; 1e-5). SNR had an effect on accuracy, with an effect size of 0.46% (p &lt; 1e-5), with a significant negative interaction with power with an effect size of −0.51% (p &lt; 1e-5).

Conclusion
Our results indicated that we could predict EEG phase accurately across cognitive conditions and datasets, with higher accuracy for high instantaneous band-power and SNR. Accordingly, real-time EEG phase experiments, closed-loop technologies, and BCIs should minimize external unwanted noise while targeting periods of high power, as opposed to manipulating experimental and cognitive conditions.