bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide‐mediated regulation of hypoxia‐induced B16F10 melanoma metastasis
Authors: Postovit Lynne‐Marie , Adams Michael A. , Lash Gendie E. , Heaton Jeremy P.W. , Graham Charles H. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractTumour hypoxia is associated with resistance to therapy and with increased invasion and metastatic potential. Recent studies in our laboratory have shown that the hypoxic up‐regulation of tumour cell invasiveness and chemoresistance is in part due to reduced nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Using B16F10 murine melanoma cells, we demonstrate here that the increased metastatic potential associated with exposure to hypoxia is mediated by a reduction in cGMP‐dependent NO‐signaling. Pre‐incubation of B16F10 cells in hypoxia (1% vs. 20% O2) for 12 hr increased lung colonization ability by over 4‐fold. This effect of hypoxia on metastasis was inhibited by co‐incubation with low concentrations of the NO‐mimetic drugs glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and diethylenetriamine NO adduct (DETA/NO). In a manner similar to hypoxia, pharmacological inhibition of NO synthesis resulted in a significant increase in lung nodule formation, an effect that was prevented by co‐incubation with GTN. An important NO‐signaling pathway involves the activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase and the consequential generation of cGMP. Culture in the presence of a non‐hydrolysable cGMP analogue (8‐Br‐cGMP) abrogated the hypoxia‐induced lung nodule formation, suggesting that the effects of NO on metastasis are mediated via a cGMP‐dependent pathway. These findings suggest that a novel mechanism whereby hypoxia regulates metastatic potential involves a downstream inhibition of cGMP‐dependent NO signaling. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dissecting karyotypic patterns in malignant melanomas: Temporal clustering of losses and gains in melanoma karyotypic evolution
Authors: Höglund Mattias , Gisselsson David , Hansen Gunnar B. , White Valerie A. , Säll Torbjörn , Mitelman Felix , Horsman Douglas 
Published: November 2003

AbstractMalignant melanomas can be divided into two major subtypes, involving either the skin or eye melanomas. Both tumor forms exhibit highly complex karyotypes with nonrandom recurrent chromosomal imbalances. Loss of chromosome 3, the short arm of chromosome 1, and gain of 8q have been suggested to be associated with eye melanomas, whereas gain of 6p and loss of 6q have been more often seen in skin melanomas. Imbalances implicated in tumor progression include among others, −10 and +7. In spite of the abundance of cytogenetic information, with more than 300 published karyotypes, very little is known about the mode of karyotypic evolution or of the presence of possible cytogenetic pathways. In our investigation, we have used 362 melanoma karyotypes, including both the skin and eye subtypes, to identify the most frequently occurring imbalances. Tumor cases were then classified with respect to the presence or absence of these imbalances and statistically analyzed in order to assess the order of appearance of chromosomal imbalances, the presence of karyotypic pathways, as well as possible cytogenetic subtypes. We show that the melanomas develop through one mode of karyotypic evolution, common to both low and high complexity karyotypes, and we establish the temporal order by which the different imbalances occur. By applying several statistical methods, we show that at least two cytogenetic pathways of clonal evolution exist in malignant melanomas, one initiated with −3 and one with +6p, and that these pathways operate in both skin and eye melanomas. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Growth arrest by troglitazone is mediated by p27Kip1 accumulation, which results from dual inhibition of proteasome activity and Skp2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Motomura Wataru , Takahashi Nobuhiko , Nagamine Miho , Sawamukai Mitsuko , Tanno Satoshi , Kohgo Yutaka , Okumura Toshikatsu 
Published: November 2003

AbstractIn our study, we examined whether human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) expresses peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and the effects of PPAR γ activation by its selective ligands on cell growth and cell invasion in HCC cells. RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that HCC‐derived cell lines, HepG2 and HLF, express PPARγ mRNA and protein. Luciferase assay in HLF cells showed that troglitazone, a selective ligand for PPAR γ, transactivated the transcription of a peroxisome proliferator response element‐driven promoter in a dose‐dependent manner, suggesting that the expressed PPARγ functions as a transcriptional factor. Not only troglitazone but pioglitazone dose‐dependently inhibited cell growth in HepG2 and HLF cells. Invasion assay using a transwell chamber demonstrated that troglitazone also inhibited cell invasion in HCC cells. To examine the mechanism of the troglitazone‐induced growth inhibition, we determined p27Kip1, a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, expression by Western blot analysis in troglitazone‐treated HLF cells. Troglitazone increased p27Kip1 in time‐ and dose‐dependent manners, suggesting that p27Kip1 may be involved in the growth inhibition by troglitazone in HLF cells. To further examine the mechanism of the troglitazone‐induced p27Kip1 protein accumulation, 2 major systems for regulation of p27Kip1 protein, proteasome activity and Skp2, an F‐box protein that targets p27Kip1 for degradation, were evaluated. Troglitazone potently inhibited proteasome activity and decreased Skp2 protein levels. All these results suggest that human HCC cells express functional PPAR γ and PPARγ activation resulted in growth inhibition. The growth inhibition was mediated by p27Kip1 accumulation, which is induced by both inhibition of ubiquitylation of p27Kip1 and reduction of degradation activity of p27Kip1 by proteasome. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A‐kinase anchoring protein 3 messenger RNA expression in ovarian cancer and its implication on prognosis
Authors: Hasegawa Kosei , Ono Toshiro , Matsushita Hirokazu , Shimono Michihide , Noguchi Yuji , Mizutani Yasushi , Kodama Junichi , Kudo Takafumi , Nakayama Eiichi 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA‐kinase anchoring protein 3 (AKAP3) is a sperm protein and its expression appears to be restricted to the testis in normal adult tissues. We investigated AKAP3 mRNA expression in 20 normal ovaries and 54 ovarian cancers of different histological types, grades and stages by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The PCR products were analyzed by conventional agarose gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis on a microtip device to determine the expression semiquantitatively. Little or no expression was observed in the 20 normal ovarian specimens. High AKAP3 mRNA expression was observed in 15 ovarian cancer specimens (28 %). The expression was correlated with the histological grade and clinical stage. AKAP3 mRNA was observed at a significantly higher frequency in poorly differentiated (p = 0.009) and advanced stage (III and IV, p = 0.014) tumors. No correlation was found between AKAP3 mRNA expression and other variables. In Cox multivariate analysis, AKAP3 mRNA expression was found to be a significant predictor of both overall and progression‐free survival in patients with poorly differentiated tumors. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Coping Resources Inventory for Stress: A measure of perceived resourcefulness*
Authors: Matheny Kenneth B. , Aycock David W. , Curlette William L. , Junker Gary N. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThis article reviews previous studies with the Coping Resources Inventory for Stress (CRIS) and reports the results of a recent convergent/divergent study on six CRIS scales. CRIS scales have high internal consistency and test‐retest reliabilities and appear to be useful in predicting illness, emotional distress, personality type, drug dependency, occupational choice, and life satisfaction. The convergent/divergent sample consisted of 68 graduate student volunteers in a southeastern urban university. Each of the CRIS scales converged with its validating test and diverged from a test that measures a different construct. Results offer considerable support for the construct validity of CRIS scales and suggest that it may be a promising research and clinical instrument for the study of stress coping. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Personality style codetype concordance between the MCMI and MBHI*
Authors: Wise Edward A. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractPersonality scale profiles of Millon's Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and Behavioral Health Inventory were analyzed for codetype concordance using a sample of psychiatric patients with medical symptoms (N = 91). Results indicated that at least half of the sample would be diagnosed with a personality disorder by each instrument. Approximately 95% of the sample produced at least one elevated scale. The tests were not significantly different with respect to their classification rates of pathology or number of scales elevated and demonstrated significant and positive correlations between complementary scales. Nonetheless, codetype correspondence was found to be 29.67% for single scales and 20.88% for two‐point codetypes. Correlational data, factor analysis, and paired mean score comparisons were used to analyze these findings. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Relationship of NEO‐PI to personality styles and severity of trauma in chronic PTSD victims*
Authors: Hyer Lee , Braswell Lorraine , Albrecht Bill , Boyd Stephanie , Boudewyns Patrick , Talbert Suzanne 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe relationship of the NEO‐PI to personality disorders was evaluated in a clinical population. Eighty subjects with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were given this measure, along with the MCMI‐II and PTSD and combat scales. Two questions were addressed: (1) What is the relationship of NEO‐PI domains and facets to personality disorders?; and (2) What is this scale's relationship to PTSD problems? Results support previous studies that employed a clinical population, but with lower correlation coefficients. For the most part, then, the NEO‐PI domains and facets correlated in expected ways with the MCMI‐II. On PTSD measures, N accounted for the majority of the variance, but other domains were entered when independent regression equations were calculated to account for different personality disorders. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Coping and MCMI‐II symptom scales1
Authors: Vollrath Margarete , Alnæs Randolf , Torgersen Svenn 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe associations of the MCMI‐II symptom scales with dispositional coping strategies were studied among 239 psychiatric outpatients. A similar core‐pattern of emotion‐focused coping was associated with all symptom scales except the bipolar scale. High scores on the MCMI‐II symptom scales were associated with low use of adaptive emotion‐focused coping (e.g., seeking social support) and high use of maladaptive emotion‐focused coping (e.g., disengagement). Thought disorder, drug dependence, and delusional disorder also were associated with reduced use of problem‐focused coping. The findings support the theoretical distinction between adaptive and maladaptive emotion‐focused coping. The potential negative impacts of this coping pattern in terms of mental health and life adaptation are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Couple functioning in depression: The roles of sociotropy and autonomy1
Authors: Lynch Thomas R. , Robins Clive J. , Morse Jennifer Q. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractWe evaluated the hypothesis that interpersonal relationships of depressed persons would vary as a function of the personality variables sociotropy and autonomy. Depressed psychiatric patients who reported being in a current intimate relationship for at least six months were administered measures of sociotropy, autonomy, and several aspects of relationship functioning. Results indicated that sociotropy was related significantly to patients' reporting their own behavior as demanding and their partners' behavior as withdrawing, whereas autonomy was related to patients' reporting their partners' behavior as demanding and their own behavior as withdrawing. Autonomy also was related to greater relationship dissatisfaction, and there was a trend for autonomy to be related to greater criticism of the partner. The results are consistent with a model in which sociotropy and autonomy increase vulnerability to depression, in part, through their effects on interpersonal relationships. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Coping and catastrophizing in chronic pain: A psychometric analysis and comparison of two measures1
Authors: Stewart Malcolm W. , Harvey Shane T. , Evans Ian M. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractWe analyzed and compared the psychometric properties of two measures of strategies for coping with pain: The Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) and the Cognitive Coping Strategies Inventory (CCSI). The CSQ and CCSI were repeatedly administered to 30 chronic pain patients. Several subscales of both measures showed inadequate internal consistency, and test‐retest (one week interval) reliability lower than 0.7. For each inventory, moderate to strong intercorrelations between several subscales were observed. The Catastrophizing subscale was the only subscale for which there was clear evidence of construct validity. Results indicated that both measures showed similar psychometric difficulties, and question the construct validity of subscales other than Catastrophizing. Catastrophizing, however, more closely reflects appraisal processes than a coping strategy per se. We suggest that measures that use more parsimonious and empirically derived coping strategy subscales and that also assess appraisal factors would assist in advancing our understanding of coping with chronic pain. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Dispositional and contextual perspectives on coping: Toward an integrative framework
Authors: Moos Rudolf H. , Holahan Charles J. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe clinical disciplines have witnessed a rapidly growing literature on the conceptualization and measurement of coping and on the role of coping in confronting stressful life circumstances and maintaining adaptive functioning. This literature has spawned a diversity of concepts and contrasting perspectives on the determinants and effects of coping. To address this complexity, we comment on dispositional and contextual perspectives on the coping process, describe the domains of coping styles and coping skills, and review some measures of these constructs. Next, we present a conceptual framework that integrates key aspects of these constructs and use the framework to guide a selective review of the linkages between personal and social resources, coping skills, and adaptive functioning. We then consider applications of the framework to clinical practice. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol.
Light subgraphs in planar graphs of minimum degree 4 and edge‐degree 9
Authors: Mohar B. , Škrekovski R. , Voss H.‐J. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractA graph H is light in a given class of graphs if there is a constant w such that every graph of the class which has a subgraph isomorphic to H also has a subgraph isomorphic to H whose sum of degrees in G is ≤ w. Let $\cal G$ be the class of simple planar graphs of minimum degree ≥ 4 in which no two vertices of degree 4 are adjacent. We denote the minimum such w by w(H). It is proved that the cycle Cs is light if and only if 3 ≤ s ≤ 6, where w(C3) = 21 and w(C4) ≤ 35. The 4‐cycle with one diagonal is not light in $\cal G$, but it is light in the subclass ${\cal G}^T$ consisting of all triangulations. The star K1,s is light if and only if s ≤ 4. In particular, w(K1,3) = 23. The paths Ps are light for 1 ≤ s ≤ 6, and heavy for s ≥ 8. Moreover, w(P3) = 17 and w(P4) = 23. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 261–295, 2003
All cycle‐complete graph Ramsey numbers r(Cm, K6)
Authors: Schiermeyer Ingo 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe cycle‐complete graph Ramsey number r(Cm, Kn) is the smallest integer N such that every graph G of order N contains a cycle Cm on m vertices or has independence number α(G) ≥ n. It has been conjectured by Erdős, Faudree, Rousseau and Schelp that r(Cm, Kn) = (m − 1) (n − 1) + 1 for all m ≥ n ≥ 3 (except r(C3, K3) = 6). This conjecture holds for 3 ≤ n ≤ 5. In this paper we will present a proof for n = 6 and for all n ≥ 7 with m ≥ n2 − 2n. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 251–260, 2003
Functions and line digraphs
Authors: El Sahili Amine 
Published: November 2003

AbstractConsider two maps f and g from a set E into a set F such that f(x) ≠ g(x) for every x in E. Suppose that there exists a positive integer n such that for any element z in F either f−1(z) or g−1(z) has at most n elements. Then, E can be partitioned into 2n + 1 subsets E1, E2,…,E2n + 1 such that f(Ei)∩ g(Ei) = ϕ, 1 ≤ i ≤ 2n + 1. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 296–303, 2003
4‐regular graphs without cut‐vertices having the same path layer matrix
Authors: Yuansheng Yang , Xiaohui Lin , Zhiqiang Chen , Weiming Lu 
Published: November 2003

AbstractThe path layer matrix of a graph G contains quantitative information about all possible paths in G. The entry (i,j) of this matrix is the number of paths in G having initial vertex i and length j. It is known that there are 4‐regular graphs on 44 vertices having the same path layer matrix [Y. Yuansheng, L. Jianhua, and W. Chunli, J Graph Theory 39(2002) 219–221] graphs with cut‐vertices on 14 vertices having the same path layer matrix [A. A. Dobrynin, Vyčisl. sistemy, Novosibirsk 119(1987) 13–33] and graphs without cut‐vertices on 31 vertices having the same path layer matrix [A. A. Dobrynin, J Graph Theory 38(2001) 177–182]. In this article, a pair of 4‐regular graphs without cut‐vertices on 18 vertices having the same path layer matrix are constructed, improving the upper bound for the least order of 4‐regular graphs having the same path layer matrix from 44 to 18 and the upper bound for the least order of graphs without cut‐vertices having the same path layer matrix from 31 to 18. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 304–311, 2003
A‐scalability and an integrated computational technology and framework for non‐linear structural dynamics. Part 1: Theoretical developments and parallel formulations
Authors: Kanapady R. , Tamma K. K. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractFor large‐scale problems and large processor counts, the accuracy and efficiency with reduced solution times and attaining optimal parallel scalability of the entire transient duration of the simulation for general non‐linear structural dynamics problems poses many computational challenges. For transient analysis, explicit time operators readily inherit algorithmic scalability and consequently enable parallel scalability. However, the key issues concerning parallel simulations via implicit time operators within the framework and encompassing the class of linear multistep methods include the totality of the following considerations to foster the proposed notion of A‐scalability: (a) selection of robust scalable optimal time discretized operators that foster stabilized non‐linear dynamic implicit computations both in terms of convergence and the number of non‐linear iterations for completion of large‐scale analysis of the highly non‐linear dynamic responses, (b) selecting an appropriate scalable spatial domain decomposition method for solving the resulting linearized system of equations during the implicit phase of the non‐linear computations, (c) scalable implementation models and solver technology for the interface and coarse problems for attaining parallel scalability of the computations, and (d) scalable parallel graph partitioning techniques. These latter issues related to parallel implicit formulations are of interest and focus in this paper. The former involving parallel explicit formulations are also a natural subset of the present framework and have been addressed previously in Reference 1 (Advances in Engineering Software 2000; 31: 639–647). In the present context, of the key issues, although a particular aspect or a solver as related to the spatial domain decomposition may be designed to be numerically scalable, the totality of the aforementioned issues simultaneously play an important and integral role to attain A‐scalability of the parallel formulations for the entire transient duration of the simulation and is desirable for transient problems. As such, the theoretical developments of the parallel formulations are first detailed in Part 1 of this paper, and the subsequent practical applications and performance results of general non‐linear structural dynamics problems are described in Part 2 of this paper to foster the proposed notion of A‐scalability. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A‐scalability and an integrated computational technology and framework for non‐linear structural dynamics. Part 2: Implementation aspects and parallel performance results
Authors: Kanapady R. , Tamma K. K. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractAn integrated framework and computational technology is described that addresses the issues to foster absolute scalability (A‐scalability) of the entire transient duration of the simulations of implicit non‐linear structural dynamics of large scale practical applications on a large number of parallel processors. Whereas the theoretical developments and parallel formulations were presented in Part 1, the implementation, validation and parallel performance assessments and results are presented here in Part 2 of the paper. Relatively simple numerical examples involving large deformation and elastic and elastoplastic non‐linear dynamic behaviour are first presented via the proposed framework for demonstrating the comparative accuracy of methods in comparison to available experimental results and/or results available in the literature. For practical geometrically complex meshes, the A‐scalability of non‐linear implicit dynamic computations is then illustrated by employing scalable optimal dissipative zero‐order displacement and velocity overshoot behaviour time operators which are a subset of the generalized framework in conjunction with numerically scalable spatial domain decomposition methods and scalable graph partitioning techniques. The constant run times of the entire simulation of ‘fixed‐memory‐use‐per‐processor’ scaling of complex finite element mesh geometries is demonstrated for large scale problems and large processor counts on at least 1024 processors. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Broadband model order reduction of polynomial matrix equations using single‐point well‐conditioned asymptotic waveform evaluation: derivations and theory
Authors: Slone Rodney D. , Lee Robert , Lee Jin‐Fa 
Published: November 2003

AbstractTo effect a model order reduction (MORe) process on a system which has a polynomial matrix equation dependence on the MORe parameter, researchers generally take one of two approaches. The first is to linearize the system by introducing extra degrees of freedom and then to solve the resulting expanded, linear system with a method such as Lanczos or Arnoldi. The second approach is to work directly with the polynomial system and use a technique such as asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE). Of course, each approach has advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, a new technique will be presented which has some desirable characteristics from both approaches and which is able to circumvent simultaneously some of their disadvantages. It can be shown that both the Arnoldi and the AWE methods are special cases of this new technique. Finally, numerical results will show the viability of the new method, which will be called the well‐conditioned asymptotic waveform evaluation (WCAWE) method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.