bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Multi-Layered Cloud Security Framework Leveraging Artificial Intelligence, Quantum-Resistant Cryptography, and Systems for Robust Protection in Optical and Healthcare
Authors: Niyasudeen F. , Mohan M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the face of growing reliance on cloud computing, robust security and data protection are paramount concerns, particularly in the domains of optical and healthcare. Traditional cryptographic methods are vulnerable in the post-quantum era, necessitating advanced security frameworks. This paper presents an adaptive multi-layered cloud security framework leveraging artificial intelligence, quantum-resistant cryptography, and systems to ensure comprehensive protection in cloud environments within optical and healthcare sectors. The framework encompasses data encryption, access control, and intrusion detection mechanisms, bolstered by advanced decision-making processes for threat detection and response. The integration of artificial intelligence and quantum-resistant cryptographic techniques enhances adaptability and resilience against emerging threats. This adaptive multi-layered cloud security framework offers a comprehensive, adaptable, and efficient solution for securing cloud infrastructures, safeguarding sensitive data, and mitigating risks associated with the post-quantum era.
Filling the Gap: brief neuropsychological assessment protocol in glioma patients undergoing awake surgeries
Authors: Ohy Juliana Bastos , Formentin Cleiton , Gripp Daniel Andrade , Júnior Joab Alves Nicácio , Velho Maíra Cristina , Vilany Larissa Núbia Nunes , Greggianin Gabriel Frizon , Sartori Beatriz , Verst Silvia Mazzali , Maldaun Marcos Vinicius Calfat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of applying a concise cognitive assessment protocol - Ohy-Maldaun Fast Track Cognitive Test (OMFTCT) and to compare it with the Boston Naming Test (BNT). This study aims to address the demand for a streamlined neurocognitive assessment in clinical practice.
Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal observational clinical study conducted on a cohort of 50 glioma patients eligible for awake craniotomies. The proposed protocol assesses multiple cognitive domains, including language, short-term verbal and visual memories, working memory, praxis, executive functions, and calculation ability. The protocol comprises ten different subtests, with a maximum score of 50 points and was applied at three time points: preoperative, immediate postoperative period and 30 days after surgery.
Results: Among the initial 50 patients enrolled, 36 underwent assessment at all three designated time points. The mean age of patients was 45.3 years, with an average of 15 years of education. Predominant tumor types included Glioblastoma, IDH-wt (44.1%), and diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (41.2%). Tumors were mainly located in the left temporal lobe (27.8%), followed by the left frontal lobe (25%). The full test had an average completion time of 23 minutes. Findings revealed a moderate correlation (r=0.6) and statistical significance (p=0.02) between the OMFTCT protocol and the BNT short version, with the proposed protocol also detecting additional deficits in visual memory.
Conclusion: OMFTCT provided preoperative and postoperative assessment of different cognitive domains, enabling precise planning of intraoperative cognitive testing. Additionally, immediate diagnosis of neurocognitive deficits played a crucial role in optimizing patient care.
Computing a Sparse Approximate Inverse on Quantum Annealing Machines
Authors: Suresh Sanjay , Suresh Krishnan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Many engineering problems involve solving large linear systems of equations. Conjugate gradient (CG) is one of the most popular iterative methods for solving such systems. However, CG typically requires a good preconditioner to speed up convergence. One such preconditioner is the sparse approximate inverse (SPAI).
In this paper, we explore the computation of an SPAI on quantum annealing machines by solving a series of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems. Numerical experiments are conducted using both well-conditioned and poorly-conditioned linear systems arising from a 2D finite difference formulation of the Poisson problem.
Single nuclei chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic map of breast tissues of women of diverse genetic ancestry
Authors: Nakshatri Harikrishna , Bhat-Nakshatri Poornima , Gao Hongyu , Khatpe Aditi , McGuire Patrick , Erdogan Cihat , Chen Duojiao , Jiang Guanglong , New Felicia , German Rana , Storniolo Anna Maria , Liu Yunlong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Single nuclei analysis is allowing robust classification of cell types in an organ that helps to establish relationships between cell-type specific gene expression and chromatin accessibility status of gene regulatory regions. Using breast tissues of 92 healthy donors of various genetic ancestry, we have developed a comprehensive chromatin accessibility and gene expression atlas of human breast tissues. Integrated analysis revealed 10 distinct cell types in the healthy breast, which included three major epithelial cell subtypes (luminal hormone sensing, luminal adaptive secretory precursor, and basal-myoepithelial cells), two endothelial subtypes, two adipocyte subtypes, fibroblasts, T-cells, and macrophages. By integrating gene expression signatures derived from epithelial cell subtypes with spatial transcriptomics, we identify specific gene expression differences between lobular and ductal epithelial cells and age-associated changes in epithelial cell gene expression patterns and signaling networks. Among various cell types, luminal adaptive secretory cells and fibroblasts showed genetic ancestry dependent variability. A subpopulation of luminal adaptive secretory cells with alveolar progenitor (AP) cell state were enriched in Indigenous American (IA) ancestry and fibroblast populations were distinct in African ancestry. ESR1 expression pattern was distinctly different in cells from IA compared to the rest, with a high level of ESR1 expression extending to AP cells and crosstalk between growth factors and Estrogen Receptor signaling being evident in these AP cells. In general, cell subtype-specific gene expression did not uniformly correlate with cell-specific chromatin accessibility, suggesting that transcriptional regulation independent of chromatin accessibility governs cell type-specific gene expression in the breast.
Monitoring memory B cells by next generation ImmunoSpot® provides insights into humoral immunity that measurements of circulating antibodies do not reveal
Authors: Lehmann Paul V. , Liu Zhigang , Becza Noémi , Valente Alexis V. , Wang Junbo , Kirchenbaum Greg A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Memory B cells (Bmem) provide the second wall of adaptive humoral host defense upon specific antigen rechallenge when the first wall, consisting of pre-formed antibodies originating from a preceding antibody response, fails. This is the case, as recently experienced with SARS-CoV-2 infections and previously with seasonal influenza, when levels of neutralizing antibodies decline or when variant viruses arise that evade such. While in these instances reinfection can occur, in both scenarios, the rapid engagement of preexisting Bmem into the recall response can still confer immune protection. Bmem are known to play a critical role in host defense, yet their assessment has not become part of the standard immune monitoring repertoire. Here we describe a new generation of B cell ELISPOT/FluoroSpot (collectively ImmunoSpot®) approaches suited to dissect, at single-cell resolution, the Bmem repertoire ex vivo, revealing its immunoglobulin class/subclass utilization, and its affinity distribution for the original, and for variant viruses/antigens. Because such comprehensive B cell ImmunoSpot® tests can be performed with minimal cell material, are scalable, and robust, they promise to be well-suited for routine immune monitoring.
Validating Rural Women's Intentions and Behaviors to Participate in Two- Cancer Screening Using Extended Protection Motivation Theory in an Area of Mongolian Agglomeration
Authors: Huang Ya-Ting , Huang Xue-feng , Li Ying-Ying , Wang Rong-Rong , Wang Xiao-xue , Guan Chong-Yuan , Wu Yu-Qing , Xi Yu , Hao Jing-han , huang Zu-dong , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Local rural women in Inner Mongolia are deeply influenced by the Mongolian ethnic culture. Compared with other regions, rural women in areas where the Mongolian ethnic group is concentrated have a weaker awareness of participating in screening for the two cancers. The study investigated the factors influencing rural women's intentions and behaviors to participate in two-cancer screening in Mongolian agglomerations and verified the feasibility of extending the theoretical hypothesis model of protection motivation.
Methods
A cross-sectional study consisting of 1015 rural women was conducted from January to April 2023 in Wulashan Town, Ulatqian Banner, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. This study intends to use descriptive statistics to count demographic characteristics and test the hypothesized relationships among variables in the Extended Protection Theory Model (E-PMT) by Boots tracts. Designing a NIMHD Multilevel Approach to Measuring and Addressing Differences in Two-Cancer Screening to Effectively Reduce Screening Disparities and Improve Health Equity.
Results
Technical service support, perceived risk, response efficacy, response cost, and self-efficacy directly affect behavioral intentions; financial support, social support, and fear arousal directly affect behaviors; and environmental improvements both directly affect behavioral intentions and have a direct effect on behaviors. Policy support, screening knowledge, and health education indirectly affect behavioral intentions through self-efficacy; screening knowledge indirectly affects behavioral intentions through response costs; and health education indirectly affects behavioral intentions through perceived risk. The extended model data were well fitted: SRMR = 0.079; NFI = 0.703; RMS theta = 0.110.
Conclusion
The Extended Theoretical Model of Protective Motivation (E-TPB) is a sound theoretical basis for predicting the intentions and behaviors of rural women in Mongolian agglomerations to participate in two-cancer screening, and the results of the study effectively reduced disparities in two-cancer screening among rural women in Mongolian agglomerations and promoted health equity.
Probiotic-enriched oily suspension in modulating skin microbiome and treating seborrheic dermatitis
Authors: Domenico Enea Gino Di , Truglio Mauro , Sivori Francesca , Cavallo Ilaria , Abril Elva , Licursi Valerio , Fabrizio Giorgia , Cardinali Giorgia , Pignatti Marco , Toma Luigi , Valensise Floriana , Cristaudo Antonio , Pimpinelli Fulvia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) affects 2-5% of the global population, with imbalances in the skin microbiome implicated in its development. This study assessed the impact of an oily suspension containing Lactobacillus crispatus P17631 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei I1688 (termed EUTOPLAC) on SD symptoms and skin microbiome modulation.
25 SD patients were treated with EUTOPLAC for a week. Symptom severity and skin microbiome changes were measured at the start of the treatment (T0), after seven days (T8), and three weeks post-treatment (T28). Results indicated symptom improvement post-EUTOPLAC, with notable reductions in the Malassezia genus. Concurrently, bacterial shifts were observed, including a decrease in Staphylococcus and an increase in Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus. Network analysis highlighted post-EUTOPLAC instability in fungal and bacterial interactions, with increased negative correlations between Malassezia and Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus genera.
The study suggests EUTOPLAC's potential as a targeted SD treatment, reducing symptoms and modulating the microbiome composition.
Land potential assessment and trend-analysis using 2000–2021 FAPAR monthly time-series at 250 m spatial resolution
Authors: Hackländer Julia , Parente Leandro , Ho Yu-Feng , Hengl Tomislav , Simoes Rolf , Consoli Davide , Şahin Murat , Tian Xuemeng , Jung Martin , Herold Martin , Duveiller Grégory , Weynants Mélanie , Wheeler Ichsani 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The paper presents results of using remote sensing time series and machine learning to map and assess land potential based on time-series of potential Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FAPAR) composites. Monthly aggregated FAPAR time series of three percentiles (0.05, 0.50 and 0.95 probability) at 250 m spatial resolution were derived from the 8–day GLASS FAPAR V6 product for 2000–2021 and used to determine long–term trends in FAPAR, as well as to model potential FAPAR in the absence of human pressure. CCa 3 million training points sampled from 12,500 locations across the globe were overlaid with 68 bio–physical variables representing climate, terrain, land form, and vegetation cover, as well as several variables related to human pressure including: population count, cropland intensity, nightlights and a human footprint index. The training points were used in an ensemble machine learning model that stacks three base learners (Extremely Randomized Trees, Gradient Descended Trees and Artificial Neural Network) using a linear regressor as meta-learner. The potential FAPAR was then projected by removing the impact of urbanization and intensive agriculture in the covariate layers. The results of strict cross-validation show that the global distribution of FAPAR can be explained with an R2 of 0.89, with the most important covariates being growing season length, forest cover indicator and annual precipitation. From this model, a global map of potential monthly FAPAR for the recent year (2021) was produced, and used to predict gaps in actual vs. potential FAPAR. The produced global maps of actual vs potential FAPAR and long–term trends were each spatially matched with stable and transitional land cover classes. The assessment showed large negative FAPAR gaps (actual lower than potential) for classes urban, needle-leave deciduous trees, and flooded shrub or herbaceous cover, while strong negative FAPAR trends were found for classes urban, sparse vegetation and rainfed cropland. On the other hand, classes irrigated or post-flooded cropland, tree cover mixed leaf type, and broad-leave deciduous showed largely positive trends. The framework allows land managers to assess potential land degradation from two aspects: as an actual declining trend in observed FAPAR and as a difference between actual and potential vegetation FAPAR.
Analysing Determinants of Household Broiler Chicken Meat Purchases amidst Misinformation: A Tobit Study
Authors: KATHIRAVAN G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Indian poultry sector significantly boosts GDP. It's grown at 8–10% annually, reaching $22.97 billion in 2022, expected to hit $41.94 billion (10.18% CAGR) from 2023 to 2028. Social media misinformation adversely affected the broiler sector, lowering prices and consumption. Using the Tobit Model, this study analysed Indian households' broiler chicken purchases during misinformation. Data on demographics, socioeconomics, and monthly consumption of chicken meat was collected from 503 respondents and analysed. Men often made more purchases than women. Unexpectedly, households with better incomes and more education purchased less broiler meat. Marital status, place of residence, cohabitation, and presence of children did not significantly affect the outcome. Muslim families purchased more broiler chicken meat, and larger households consumed more. Consumption frequency was important, with daily and alternate-day customers making larger purchases. Purchases of broiler meat were negatively impacted by the consumption of country chicken. Furthermore, despite the prevalent misinformation, a resounding majority of respondents (97.20%) persisted in their broiler chicken meat purchases, possibly indicative of the efficacy of media coverage efforts by the government, poultry producers, and health authorities. The Indian poultry industry is vital for food security and economic growth, making it imperative to address social media-induced panic. Transparency, trust, and accurate information transmission are essential. In order to effectively handle market challenges, stakeholders need to take into account factors like demography and dietary preferences that impact consumer behaviour.
A customizable multiplex protein microarray for antibody testing and its application for tickborne and other infectious diseases
Authors: Krishnamurthy Hari , Jayaraman Vasanth , Krishna Karthik , Wang Tianhao , Bei Kang , Suresh Chithra , Matilda Shiny , Rai Alex , Welc-Falęciak Renata , Pawełczyk Agnieszka , Blanton Lucas , Chrdle  Aleš , Fořtová Andrea , Růžek Daniel , Nasrallah Gheyath , Abu-Raddadi Laith , Al-Sadeq Duaa , Abdallah Marah , Lilleri Daniele , Fornara Chiara , D'Angelo Piera , Furione Milena , Söderlund-Venerm Maria , Hedman Klaus , Chochlakis Dimosthenis , Psaroulaki Anna , Makridaki Eirini , Ntoula Artemis , Rajasekaran John 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tick-borne infections are the most common vector-borne diseases in the USA. Ticks harbor and spread several infections with Lyme disease being the most common tickborne infection in the US and Europe. Lack of awareness about tick populations, specific diagnostic tests, and overlapping symptoms of tick-borne infections can often lead to misdiagnosis affecting treatment and the prevalence data reported especially for non-Lyme tick-borne infections. The diagnostic tests currently available for tick-borne diseases are severely limited in their ability to provide accurate results and cannot detect multiple pathogens in a single run. The multiplex protein microarray developed at Vibrant was designed to detect multiple serological antibodies thereby detecting exposure to multiple pathogens simultaneously. Our microarray in its present form can accommodate 400 antigens and can multiplex across antigen types, whole cell sonicates, recombinant proteins, and peptides. A designed array containing multiple antigens of several microbes including Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirochete, was manufactured and evaluated. The immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG) responses against several tick-borne microbes and other infectious agents were analyzed for analytical and clinical performance. The microarray improved IgM and IgG sensitivities and specificities of individual microbes when compared with the respective gold standards. The testing was also performed in a single run in comparison to multiple runs needed for comparable testing standards. In summary, our study presents a flexible multiplex microarray platform that can provide quick results with high sensitivity and specificity for evaluating exposure to varied infectious agents especially tick-borne infections.
Direct TAMRA-dUTP labeling of M. tuberculosis genes using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)
Authors: Altattan Basma , Ullrich Jasmin , Mattig Emily , Poppe Aline , Martins Renata , Bier Frank 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fluorescent molecule-based direct labeling of amplified DNA is a sensitive method employed across diverse DNA detection and diagnostics systems. However, using pre-labeled primers only allows for the attachment of a single fluorophore to each DNA strand and any modifications of the system are less flexible, requiring new sets of primers. As an alternative, direct labeling of amplified products with modified nucleotides is available, but still poorly characterized. To address these limitations, we sought a direct and adaptable approach to label amplicons produced through Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), using labeled nucleotides (dUTPs) rather than primers. The focus of this study was the development and examination of a labeling technique to amplify and detect multidrug M. tuberculosis resistance genes, quickly and sensitively. We used 5-(3-Aminoallyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-5'triphosphate, tagged with 5/6-TAMRA (TAMRA-dUTP) for labeling LAMP amplicons during the amplification process and characterized amplification and incorporation efficiency. The optimal TAMRA-dUTP concentration was first determined based on amplification efficiency (0.5% to total dNTPs). Higher concentrations of modified nucleotides reduced or completely inhibited the amplification yield. Target size also showed to be determinant to the success of amplification, as longer sequences showed lower amplification rates, thus less TAMRA incorporated amplicons. Finally, we were able to successfully amplify all four M. tuberculosis target genes using LAMP and TAMRA-modified dUTPs.
A numerical model to simulate the vertical velocity distribution in an open channel with double-layered rigid vegetation
Authors: Xuan Weidong , Bai Yu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Vegetation flow is more and more widely studied by scholars at home and abroad because it is an important condition affecting river water quality. However, most of the studies were carried out based on the data of indoor experimental flumes, because the vegetation conditions in nature are more complex. The analytical solution of the flow velocity based on indoor conditions often has some problems when applied to practical projects. Therefore, we propose a numerical method based on the lattice Boltzmann method to simulate the vertical velocity distribution in an open channel with double-layered rigid vegetation. This method has high simulation accuracy in different vegetation conditions. At the same time, because the lattice Boltzmann method is more conducive to simulating complex boundary conditions, it is easier to combine with a multi-layered rigid vegetation flow and a flexible vegetation flow in nature after improvement, providing a basis for the application of indoor theoretical results to the outdoor.
Water, sanitation and hygiene challenges of forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Rohingya camps in Bangladesh
Authors: Shapna Khusnur Jahan , Hasan Kamrul , Kabir Kazi Humayun , Li Jianfeng , Hossain Md. Lokman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in water-scarce areas is one of the most important barriers to improving the standards of people's life, which is even worse in a locality with forcibly displaced people (e.g., nearly 1 million Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh). In attempting to understand the extent of vulnerability and risks of WASH facilities, their impacts, and adaptive practices in the communities, an exploratory study has been carried out in five selected camps (13, 15, 16, 24 and 27) in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Examination of water facilities shows that households in camps 13, 15 and 16 suffered from an adequate supply of water during summer as there is no direct access to surface water from adjacent water reservoirs, while camps 24 and 27 have such facilities. The frequency of water shortage for drinking purposes in camps 13, 15 and 16 was not so severe as in camps 24 and 27. Drinking water collectors had to spend 3–5 h in queues. All latrines were communal/shared latrines, which made users feel uncomfortable and vulnerable. This study implies that WASH facilities need to be reinforced, and community sensitization on WASH behavior needs to be strengthened to reduce WASH-related health hazards.