bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of community-based rehabilitation on caregivers of people with schizophrenia in Ethiopia in the RISE trial
Authors: Dijkstra Lotte G. , Weiss Helen A. , Birhane Rahel , Medhin Girmay , Silva Mary , Hanlon Charlotte , Fekadu Abebaw , Asher Laura 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Schizophrenia is a severe mental health condition that is burdensome for those affected and their families. Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is a recommended treatment component for schizophrenia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but there is little evidence on the effects of CBR on caregivers of people with schizophrenia. RISE was the first randomised controlled trial of CBR for schizophrenia in a low-income country. In this paper, we extend our previous examination of caregiver impact by (1) investigating the impact of CBR on caregiver stigma and burden, (2) assessing effect modification of outcomes, and (3) determining predictors of caregiver outcomes at 12 months.
Methods
Data are from the cluster-randomised controlled RISE trial, which investigated CBR and facility-based care versus facility-based care alone among 166 people with schizophrenia and 166 linked caregivers in 48 sub-districts in Ethiopia. We analyse the effect of CBR on caregiver stigma, unemployment and burden measured with the WHO Family interview Schedule-Impact at 6 and 12 months; and caregiver depression, reduction in work due to caregiving and caregiver burden measured with the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire at 6 months. Logistic and linear regression models adjusted for clustering by sub-district and health centre were used for binary and continuous outcomes respectively. Effect modification by caregiver sex, age, baseline of the outcome, and baseline disability were assessed. Baseline factors associated with caregiver outcomes across the whole cohort at 12 months were investigated using hierarchal regression modelling.
Results
Data were available for 112 caregivers at 6 months (67%), and 149 caregivers at 12 months (90%). There was evidence that CBR was associated with greater tendency to reduce work due to caregiving at 6 months (OR:2.40, 95%CI:1.06–5.45). No evidence of an intervention effect was found on unemployment, depression, stigma or other aspects of caregiver burden. There was no evidence for effect modification. Higher baseline disability was independently associated with greater caregiving burden at 12 months (β:0.26, 95%CI:0.14–0.37).
Conclusions
To improve outcomes of people with schizophrenia and their caregivers in LMICs, interventions and research addressing the needs of caregivers are needed.
Trial registration
: Clinical Trials.gov Identifier NCT02160249. Registered on 10/06/2014.
A synthetic antibiotic class with a deeply-optimized design for overcoming bacterial resistance
Authors: Wang Xu , Feng Jin , Zheng Le , Ma Wanqing , Weng Defeng , Peng Depeng , Xu Yindi , Wang Zhifang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The lack of new drugs that are effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria has caused increasing concern in global public health. As antibiotic resistance continues to escalate worldwide, the development of new antibiotics that can effectively treat bacterial infections is crucial. Based on this study, we report the development of a hybrid antimicrobial drug that is rationally designed through drug structural hybridization-based structure-guided design and component-based synthesis. The optimal modified compound, F8, was identified, which demonstrated excellent in vitro and in vivo anti-resistant bacterial activity and effectively mitigated the development of resistance. F8 exhibits significant bactericidal activity against bacteria resistant to antibiotics such as methicillin, polymyxin B, florfenicol, doxycycline, ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole. In the mouse model of drug-resistant bacterial bacteremia, F8 was found to increase survival and significantly reduce bacterial load in infected mice. Multi-omics analysis (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have indicated that ornithine carbamoyl transferase (arcB) is a novel antimicrobial target of F8. Further molecular docking, Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC), and Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) studies verified arcB as a novel and effective target for F8. Finally, mechanistic studies suggest that F8 competitively binds to arcB, disrupting the bacterial cell membrane and inducing a certain degree of oxidative damage. The findings of this study highlight F8 as a promising candidate drug for the development of novel antibiotic formulations to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria-associated infections.
Women with Disabilities’ Experiences with Respectful Maternity Care in Nepal: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Noori Savo , Lanzarotti Francesca , Herren Laura , Devkota Hridaya Raj , Roll Kate , Hillman Sara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background:
Ensuring respectful maternity care (RMC) is a key aspect of women's healthcare, particularly critical for women with disabilities who often encounter unique challenges in this regard. Despite existing research on respectful maternity care, there is a notable gap in literature specifically addressing the experiences of women with disabilities in Nepal. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring their unique challenges and perspectives on the principles of RMC, thereby contributing to a more inclusive understanding of maternity care in Nepal.
Methodology:
This study employed a qualitative design and was conducted in the outskirts of Kathmandu in 2023. It included 12 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with women with disabilities and 7 with healthcare providers, aiming to understand the women’s experiences in healthcare settings in relation to respectful care. Additionally, 2 focus group discussions were held with female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to explore community-based maternal healthcare experiences. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. The data was then thematically analyzed, guided by the principles of the White Ribbon Alliance's RMC Charter.
Results:
The study revealed varied experiences of women during their pregnancies in relation to RMC. Many encountered negative interactions in government hospitals, characterized by disrespect and neglect, while others reported positive experiences with supportive providers. Communication issues were significant, as numerous women felt uninformed due to inadequate information sharing by healthcare workers. Privacy and confidentiality were compromised in overcrowded facilities and through insensitive handling of sensitive information. Economic constraints heavily influenced healthcare access, with clear disparities between public and private care. Despite healthcare providers often perceiving limited autonomy among these women, the majority were making autonomous decisions regarding their pregnancies. Timely access to healthcare was challenged by transportation and service inconsistencies.
Conclusion:
In the context of RMC principles, women’s experiences reveal varied experiences of women with healthcare providers, encompassing communication barriers and infrastructural inadequacies. These factors often compromised care quality and patient privacy. The study highlights a perception of limited autonomy among women. Recommended actions include RMC-focused training for providers and healthcare system reforms to enhance patient respect and privacy.
Distinguishing IDH mutation status in gliomas using FTIR-ATR spectra of peripheral blood plasma indicating clear traces of protein amyloid aggregation
Authors: Kino Saiko , Kanamori Masayuki , Matsuura Yuji 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Glioma is a primary brain tumor, and obtaining an accurate assessment of its molecular profile in a minimally invasive manner is important in determining treatment strategies. Among the molecular abnormalities of gliomas, mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene are particularly strong predictors of treatment sensitivity and prognosis. In this study, we attempted to non-invasively diagnose glioma development and the presence of IDH mutations using multivariate analysis of the plasma mid-infrared absorption spectra for a comprehensive and sensitive view of changes in blood components associated with the disease and genetic mutations. These component changes are discussed in terms of absorption wavenumbers that contribute to discrimination.
METHODS
Plasma samples were collected at our institutes from 84 patients with glioma (13 oligodendrogliomas, 17 IDH-mutant astrocytoma, 7 IDH wild-type diffuse glioma, and 47 glioblastomas) before commencing their treatment and 72 healthy participants. FTIR-ATR spectra were obtained for each plasma sample, and PLS discriminant analysis was performed using the absorbance of each wavenumber in the fingerprint region of biomolecules as the explanatory variable. This data was used to distinguishing patients with glioma from healthy participants and diagnose the presence of IDH mutations.
RESULTS
The derived classification algorithm distinguished the patients with glioma from healthy participants with 83% accuracy (area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) = 0.908) and diagnosed the presence of IDH mutation with 75% accuracy (AUC = 0.752 in ROC) in a cross-validation using 30% of the total test data. Presence of characteristic changes in the absorption spectra suggests the increase in the ratio of β-sheet structures in the conformational composition of blood proteins of patients with glioma. Furthermore, these changes were more pronounced in patients with IDH-mutant gliomas.
CONCLUSIONS
The plasma infrared absorption spectra could be used to diagnose gliomas and the presence of IDH mutations in gliomas with a high degree of accuracy. The spectral shape of the protein absorption band showed that the ratio of b-sheet structures in blood proteins was significantly higher in patients with glioma than in healthy participants, and protein aggregation was a distinct feature in patients with glioma with IDH mutations.
New Displacement Method for Free Embedded Cantilever Walls in Sand
Authors: Hamderi Murat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The design procedure of a free embedded cantilever wall is usually based on limit equilibrium analyses. The wall displacement may play a significant role, especially when the considered wall height is greater than 3 m. In this study, 8 formulas for the estimation of wall displacement were developed based on 431 FE wall model configurations. Each formula considers factors such as wall height, embedment depth, surcharge load, unit weight, internal friction angle, elastic modulus of the surrounding soil, and flexural rigidity of the wall. The FE model, which was used in the development of the formula, was also validated against a physical laboratory study. In addition, the outputs obtained from the formulas were compared with the results of two laboratory studies and a real site study. Finally, a parametric study was performed to estimate the influence of formula input parameters on wall displacement.
A differentiated geometry bladeparameterization methodology for gasturbines
Authors: Voß Christian , Backhaus Jan , Siggel Martin , Pahs Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The present paper is about the turbomachinery blade geometry parameterization, which has been developed at the DLR institute for propulsion technology for the last two decades. It was implemented into the software BladeGen, which is used to design blades and vanes for axial and radial compressors as well as for turbines. The parameterization uses typical geometric variables such as characteristic angles and lengths in combination with B-spline parameters like control points and knot vectors to generate a variable number of two-dimensional profile-sections, which are transformed into three-dimensional space and connected via NURBS surfaces to form blade surfaces and solids. BladeGen is written in C but it also enables its integration into other workflows by C++ and Python bindings. It uses an in-house NURBS library and additionally utilizes the OpenCASCADE Technology framework as an open-source CAD library to enable various output formats like Step, IGES or BRep. To facilitate its use for design optimization, BladeGen is algorithmically differentiated using ADOL-C.
WITHDRAWN: Leveraging Leaf Spectroscopy to Identify Drought-Resistant Soybean Cultivars
Authors: de Paula¹ Ramon Goncalves , Silva Martha Freire , Amaral Cibele , Paula Guilherme Sousa , Silva Laércio Junio , Pessoa Herika Paula , Silva Felipe Lopes 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Understanding cultivars' physiological traits variations under abiotic stresses, such as drought, is critical to improve phenotyping and selections of resistant crop varieties. Traditional methods in accessing physiological and biochemical information in plants are costly and time consuming, which prevent their use on phenotyping breeding strategies.Spectroscopy data and statistical approaches such as partial least square regression could be applied to rapidly collect and predict several physiological parameters at leaf-level, allowing the phenotyping of several genotypes in a high-throughput manner. We collectedspectroscopy data of twenty cultivars planted under well-watered and drought conditions during the reproductive phase in a controlled environment condition. At 20 days after drought was imposition, we measured leaf pigments content (chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids), specific leaf area, electrons transfer rate, and photosynthetic active radiation. At 28 days after drought imposed, we measured leaf pigments content, specific leaf area, relative water content, and leaf temperature. Partial least square regression modelsaccurately predicted leaf pigments content, specific leaf area, and leaf temperature (cross-validation R2 ranging from 0.56 to 0.84). Discriminant analysis using 50 wavelengthswas able to select thebest-performance cultivars regarding all evaluated physiological traits. The results showed the great potential of usingspectroscopy as a feasible, non-destructive, andaccurate method to estimate physiological traits and screening of superior genotypes.
Numerical simulation of blasting behavior of rock mass with cavity under high in-situ stress
Authors: Rong Hai , Li Nannan , Cao Chen , Wang Yadi , Li Jincheng , Li Mingda 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In order to investigate the damage range and distribution characteristics of rock blasting with empty holes under high in-situ stress, this study employs a theoretical analysis of the rock blasting mechanism and the impact of empty holes. Due to the impracticality of conducting in-situ stress model blasting tests in a laboratory, numerical simulation methods are commonly employed. In this paper, a high-energy explosive model and a rock RHT model are utilized to simulate the stress change process and the propagation of cracks under varying in-situ stress conditions. The primary objectives are to explore the influence of in-situ stress parameter selection on blasting outcomes and to analyze the processes of crack propagation and penetration. The numerical results demonstrate that the presence of empty holes amplifies the free plane effect, and the size of the holes remains consistent regardless of the spacing between them. Damage cracks within the rock mass exhibit a notable concentration in the horizontal direction, with crack development biased towards the direction of the hole. These findings confirm the guiding effect and stress concentration effect of the hole within the rock mass, facilitating the penetration of cracks between adjacent holes. Additionally, the discrepancy in length between horizontal and vertical damage cracks within the rock mass increases with higher horizontal and vertical stress differences. Under the same lateral stress coefficient, larger disparities in horizontal and vertical stress levels exert a more pronounced inhibitory effect on crack propagation. In the context of rock blasting in high in-situ stress conditions, the length of crack propagation between blast holes decreases as stress levels increase, with cracks predominantly extending in the direction of higher stress. As a result, strategically placing blast holes in alignment with the direction of greater stress and reducing hole spacing proves advantageous for enhancing crack penetration between blast holes and empty spaces. This research offers valuable insights into addressing the challenges of rock blasting during deep rock excavation processes.
Supervised Machine Learning Framework for Deanonymization of Transactional Entities in Decentralized Infrastructure Environment
Authors: Saxena Rohit , Arora Deepak , Nagar Vishal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

A public ledger is used by Bitcoin, a digital currency, to keep track of transactions. The owner of the Bitcoin keeps their identity secret and is identified only by their unique address. This indicates that because Bitcoin offers anonymity, it may be utilized for illicit purposes on a regular basis. This study presents a supervised machine learning approach for predicting anonymous user activities on the Bitcoin Blockchain. As a training dataset to facilitate the user activities classification, we created a labelled dataset with over 4 million samples from exchanges, gambling, pools, and services whose identities and types were disclosed. The primary goal is to classify transactions on the blockchain in order to deanonymize them and distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate ones. On the class imbalanced dataset, we obtained impressive cross-validation (CV) accuracy using the Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting with default parameters and hyperparameters. Using Random Forest helped achieve the best cross-validation accuracy on default parameters and hyperparameters obtained using grid search on the class-balanced dataset using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique, while Bagging and eXtreme Gradient Boosting were used on hyperparameters obtained using randomized search. Empirical results show that the recommended model is up to 98% accurate.
Proteomic identification of exosomes derived from psoriasis cells using DIA
Authors: Zhang Boping , Wu Fenfang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Psoriasis has become a common chronic disease, and protein molecules carried by exosomes play an important regulatory role in the disease. So far, there have been no reports on proteomic studies of exosomes derived from human psoriasis cells. Normal cultured keratinocyte line HaCaT was used as the control group, with a concentration of 10ng/mL of TNF α stimulating HaCaT to form psoriasis cells as the test group; Extract and prepare exosomes from the culture supernatant using magnetic bead method, and identify the exosomes using TEM, NTA, and WB; The data-independent acquisition (DIA) method was used to detect the proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles, and GO, KEGG, Rectom and PPI analyses were performed. A total of 2796 exosomal protein molecules were identified. Compared with the control group, the test group had 131 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 59 were upregulated (LogFC > 1) and 72 were downregulated (LogFC<-1); Among them, upregulated proteins ADO, Cbx1, and downregulated protein ARGLU1 were first discovered as regulatory molecules related to angiogenesis, stress stress, and inflammation in psoriasis exosomes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEPs in the exosomes of psoriasis cells are involved in the Focal adhesion signaling pathway of inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis crosstalk. The results of this study provide new information on proteins in the exosomes of psoriasis cells and contribute to understanding the mechanisms of psoriasis occurrence and development. The expression of proteins in exosomes derived from psoriasis cells is still poorly understood. To our knowledge, our study detected for the first time the proteomic characteristics of psoriasis cells, and for the first time discovered that psoriasis exosomes carry protein molecules ADO, Cbx1 and ARGLU1. These results provide new strategies for further studying the biological functions of exosomes in the occurrence and development of psoriasis.
LncRNA SSTR5-AS1 promotes esophageal carcinoma through regulating ITGB6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Tang Zhaohui , Jiang Yongjun , Zong Yuyu , Ding Sijuan , Wu Chen , Tang Zhangwen , Liao Lin , Jiang Shaohui , Tang Ruoting , Li Fang , Luo Pengfei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is the aggressive cancer which threatens people’s health. LncRNA SSTR5-AS1 is upregulated in ESCA. However, the potential regulatory mechanism of SSTR5-AS1 in ESCA is unknown.
Methods
GEPIA was used to explore the prognosis of SSTR5-AS1 in ESCA patients. EdU staining was used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was applied for assessing cell invasion and migration. Meanwhile, RNA pull-down and RIP were applied to assess the relationship among SSTR5-AS1, EIF4A3 and ITGB6, and FISH was applied for exploring the localization of SSTR5-AS1 in ESCA cells.
Results
SSTR5-AS1 was upregulated in ESCA. SSTR5-AS1 downregulation repressed the invasion and migration of ESCA cells, and promoted cells apoptosis. Furthermore, SSTR5-AS1 shRNA upregulated the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and inhibited p-STAT3, p-JAK1 and Bcl-2 levels. SSTR5-AS1 was distributed in cytoplasm, and it could regulate ITGB6 by interacting with EIF4A3. SSTR5-AS1 silencing inhibited ITGB6 expression and inactivated JAK1/STAT3 signaling, while EIF4A3 upregulation reversed this phenomenon. In addition, SSTR5-AS1 silencing attenuated the malignant behavior of ESCA cells through ITGB6-mediated JAK1/STAT3 signaling.
Conclusion
SSTR5-AS1 promotes ESCA development through interacting with EIF4A3 to regulate ITGB6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling. Hence, this research supplied a basis for discovering strategies against ESCA.
Heuristic for Optimisation of Dark Store Facility Locations for Quick Commerce Businesses
Authors: Kewalramani Prithvi , Khadilkar Harshad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

We present a fast and flexible heuristic to address the challenge of locating warehouse locations for quick commerce businesses. Quick commerce direct-to-customer delivery businesses guarantee delivery within their service location in a specified time. The proposed algorithm aims to serve a maximum number of customers with one or more warehouse locations while adhering to specified constraints, including delivery radius, maximum trip time, and number of daily deliveries per warehouse. Our approach tackles a modified version of the multiple travelling salesman problem with time constraints, integrating it with the facility location problem to identify optimal warehouse placements. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits flexibility and efficiency, through experiments across diverse scenarios. These include uniform and non-uniform population distributions as well as uniform and variable travel times. The algorithm is versatile enough to be extended to numerous areas in logistics and urban planning such as waste collection, depot transport planning and last-mile delivery.