bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN WEB BLOG BERBASIS PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI KEBUTUHAN KELAS X SMA N 6 METRO
Authors: Nadia Isti , Hidayat Bobi , Sholiha Sangidatus 
Published: November 2023

Media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran menggunakan PPT dan proyektor, media pembelajaran ini belum sepenuhnya dapat memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik. Peserta didik mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan belum sepenuhnya membantu peserta didik dalam memahami materi, peserta didik dikelas menyatakan bahwa tampilan PPT yang digunakan oleh guru kurang menraik dan membosankan sehingga membuat peserta didik kurang termotivasi belajar. Web blog berbasis model pembalajaran problem based learning ini dibuat secara ringkas, menarik dan mudah digunakan. Web blog ini digunakan sebagai media untuk mempermudah peserta didik dalam memahami materi dalam pelajaran ekonomi baik disekolah maupun dirumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran berbentuk web blog berbasis model pembelajaran problem based learning sebagai media pembelajaran SMA Negeri 6 Metro yang valid dan praktis. Model pengembangan dalam penelitian ini yaitu model ADDIE yang merupakan singkatan dari Analysis (analisis), Design (rancangan), Development (pengembangan), Implementation (penerapan) dan Evaluation (evaluasi). Penelitian dalam pengembangan ini menggunakan 4 ahli masing-masing yaitu 2 ahli media dan 2 ahli materi dan respon peserta didik sebanyak 16 peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh data dari tampilan media sebesar 83% sehingga dinyatakan sangat kuat dan valid. Kemudian hasil dari penyajian materi sebesar 89% sehingga dinyatakan sangat kuat dan valid. Selanjutnya hasil dari rekapitulasi data respon peserta didik sebesar 89,69% dan dinyatakan sangat praktis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media pembelajaran web blog berbasis model pembelajaran problem based learning yang telah dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dan praktis untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pengujian ahli media, ahli materi dan respon peserta didik dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran web blog berbasis model pembelajaran problem based learning yang telah dikembangkan oleh peneliti sangat layak untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran ekonomi di SMA Negeri 6 Metro.
KHILAFAH, KESULTANAN, DAN KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin 
Published: November 2023

Khilafah is one formof government that once existed in the historical and civilizational trajectory of Muslims in the world. Allah and His apostles, does not directly mention the model of government that must be formed by Muslims. Even after the death of the Messenger of Islam the Muslims in Medina at that time only committed them selves in determining who would replace the position of the prophet Muhammad as the head of the state of Medina, including the non-apostolic spiritual office he was in. However, in al-Qur'an and al-hadith found a number of designations for leaders such as the Khalifah, Malik, Wali, Shulthân, Ulil Amri, Imam, Ra`inand Amir. In al-hadith it self, the apost leclearly states the limits of obedience to the leader, there sponsibilities and functions of the leader and the people obligations towards the leader. This paper examines the sematters through content analysis, especially of text sabout ladership contained in the Qur'an and al-Hadith.
The first state of Georg Freudenhammer’s map of Palatinatus Posnaniensis from 1645
Authors: Skrycki Radosław 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The subject of this analysis is Georg Freudenhammer’s map of Palatinatus Posnaniensis, editions of which were published by all major publishing houses of the 17th century: the Blaeu family, Janssonius, Schenk/Valk or Janssonius van Waesbergen. The formerly unknown first state was dedicated to the new Queen of Poland, Louise Marie Gonzaga. The author hypothesises that it was probably a gift from the author of the map, who participated in Krzysztof Opaliński’s envoy to the future queen. The speed at which this work was produced did not allow for its final completion, so in the later state of the map, a number of additions were made, the addressee of the dedication was changed, and the text of the royal privilege to print it was added. Several features indicate that Freudenhammer’s original intention was changed over time, and the new addressee of the work became the author’s employer and mentor – Krzysztof Opaliński.
Theoretical Foundations of Gas Hydrate Synthesis Intensification
Authors: Kutnyi Bogdan , Pavlenko Anatoliy , Cherednikova Oleksandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The methods of industrial production of gas hydrates are considered, their problems are identified, and a list of factors that are decisive for the intensification of mass exchange processes is outlined. The prospective use of mass transfer devices with a dynamic interfacial surface for the synthesis of gas hydrates is substantiated. A mathematical model of hydrate formation on the surface of a water droplet moving in a gas flow is proposed. Digital solutions for various droplet sizes, velocities, gas pressures, water temperature, gas permeability of gas hydrate, and dynamics of hydrate formation over time were obtained. It was established that the main ways of intensification of the synthesis of gas hydrates are: obtaining smaller water droplets, maintaining the gas temperature at the level of 0 °С, increasing the gas pressure, and increasing the residence time of the droplet in the gas medium. Approximation formulas for calculating quantitative indicators of the influence of various factors on the formation of methane gas hydrate have been obtained. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to establish promising directions for the optimization of equipment for the synthesis of gas hydrates.
Silver Anoparticles Ynthesized by Hree Pecies of Enus Streptococcus and Valuate Heir Ynergistic Ffects with the Il Xtracted from Syzygium Aromaticum on Ome Linical Acterial Solates
Authors: Ahmed Suaad Ali , Hasan Hussam Mahmood 
Published: November 2023

The nanoparticles biosynthesis is disclosing a new route of exploration concerned with nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are integrated in familiar techniques via chemical routs, for having utterly toxic natures. Syzygium aromaticum is an aromatic plant which belongs to the genus Eugenia. Three species of the genus Streptococcus were tested using LB for their ability to produce AgNPs and all of them had a brown appearance that confirmed their involvement in AgNPs production. AgNPs were estimated by utilizing a spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial enterprise (AgNPs) of the three species was tested against several types of dangerous bacteria. To determine the MIC, three separate concentrations (v/v) of 0.5%, 5% and 10% of clove oil with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were prepared (well diffusion technique). Clove oil extract together with AgNPs biosynthesized from three kinds of Streptococcus, were shown to have antimicrobial effects on unusual clinical microorganisms.
Genetic and Phenotypic Variations in Phenylthiocarbamide Bitter Taste Receptors in Iraqi Population
Authors: Nubgan Amer 
Published: November 2023

Bitter substances are identified by protein receptors located on surface of taste cell membranes. Mutational polymorphism of the bitter taste receptor (TAS2R38) is a significant determinant in phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) threshold perception. This research's objectives were to find TAS2R38 polymorphisms in Iraqi people and investigate any correlations between genotype and the PTC taste sensitivity. Bitterness sensitivity was determined by assessing the capacity to differentiate and the responsiveness to a representative strip of PTC. Cheek cells samples were collected for DNA extraction, PCR amplification and genotyping. PCR was performed to amplify the short region of the TAS2R38 gene containing the initial polymorphisms of interest (145G > C, rs713598). Amplified samples were digested by the restriction enzyme (HaeIII) to study the genetic variations in TAS2R38 which is involved in PTC bitter sensitivity.
This particular study included a total of 32 different cohorts. The phenotypic frequency of PTC strong-tasters and non-tasters was identical at 34.375% which was a greater value than the frequency of weak-tasters (31.25%). While genotypic data analysis showed that weak-tasters had a genotypic frequency of 45.16% which was higher than the genotypic frequencies of strong-taters (22.58%) and non-tasters (32.26%) respectively. In addition to this, 87.1% of the projected phenotypic and genotypic frequencies were in agreement with one another.
Even though more detailed statistical analysis with a bigger group is needed. The results of this study suggest that allelic variation in the single locus TAS2R38 rs713598 works as a crucial genetic marker for bitterness sensitivity and has vital roles in the bitter tasting ability among Iraqi population.
An Approach to Generalized Extending Modules Via Ec-Closed Submodules
Authors: Kamil Enas Mustafa , Al-Aeashi Shukur 
Published: November 2023

In this article, we introduce a class of modules that is analogous of generalized extending modules. First we define a module M to be a generalized ECS if and only if for each ec-closed submodule A of M, there exists a direct summand D of M such that is singular, and then we locate generalized ECS between the other extending generalizations. After that we present some of characterizations of generalized ECS condition. Finally, we show that the direct sum of a generalized ECS need not be generalized ECS and deal with decompositions for be generalized ECS concept.
Study of the Effect of Solar Indices on the Ionosphere Layer of Mars
Authors: Mohammed Fahmi A. , Hameed Ahmed Ali 
Published: November 2023

This paper studies the effect of the solar indices (total sunspot no., solar wind density and coronal mass ejection linear speed) on F2- layer electron density, as well as, the comparison of seasonal variations of electron density of F2- layer, NmF2, for Mars at local noontime and for maximum and minimum solar cycles.
Results show that there is an inverse correlation between sunspot number, solar wind density, CME linear speed and ionosphere electron density for Mars, at maximum and minimum solar cycles. This correlation is clear when electron density is at minimum value.
The maximum value of NmF2 was in month 4 (Summer), month 21 (Winter) during maximum solar cycle, and month 1 (Spring), month 24 (Spring) during minimum solar cycle. The minimum value of NmF2 was in month 13 (Autumn) during maximum solar cycle, and month 9 (Summer) during minimum solar cycle. NmF2 was approximately constant in months 1- 8 (Spring and Summer) and gradually decreased in months 9- 13 (Summer and Autumn), then, gradually increased in months 14- 18 (Autumn and Winter) during maximum solar cycle (2012, 2013). In other hand, NmF2 was approximately constant in months 1- 5 (Spring and Summer) and gradually decreased in months 6- 9 (Summer), then, gradually increased in months 10- 16 (Autumn and Winter) during minimum solar cycle (2016, 2017).
PEMANFAATAN BAMBU OLEH MASYARAKAT DI DESA RAWAK HILIR KECAMATAN SEKADAU HULU KABUPATEN SEKADAU
Authors: Tavita Gusti Eva , Issan Kurniawan Pratama , Yanti Hikma 
Published: November 2023

Bamboo is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) used for various needs by the people of Rawak Hilir Village, Sekadau Hulu District, Sekadau Regency. Aims of the study was to obtain data on the use of bamboo by the people of Rawak Hilir Village. The benefits of this research are expected to be used as a source of information regarding the types and forms of bamboo utilization in Rawak Hilir Village. This study used a survey method with direct interview techniques. Data collection used a list of questions or questionnaires in the form of questions directed at several respondents. A sampling at the research location was carried out using purposive sampling, namely, respondents with extensive knowledge about the local name of bamboo and the benefits of bamboo. One hundred thirty-nine people were used as respondents. Based on the results in the field, 7 species of bamboo were obtained, namely Muntik (Schizostachyum sp), Aor (Bambusa blumeana J.A.&J.H.Schulz), Buluh (Schyzostachyum brachycladum Kurz), Botong (Dendrocalamus asper (Schult)Backer ex Heyne), Porin (Gigantochloa levis Blanco), Porin Anyang (Gigantochloa balui K.M. Wong ), and Pensak (Bambusa multiplex (Lour)ReauschJ.A.& Schult). Found 4 species of bamboo utilized by the people of Rawak Hilir Village, Sekadau Hulu District, Sekadau Regency, namely as handicraft, consumption, construction, and ritual/traditional ceremonial materials.Keywords: Bamboo, Community, Non-Timber Forest Products, Rawak Hilir Village, UtilizationAbstrakBambu merupakan salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) yang dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai kebutuhan oleh masyarakat desa Rawak Hilir Kecamatan Sekadau Hulu Kabupaten Sekadau. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data pemanfaatan bambu oleh masyarakat Desa Rawak Hilir. Manfaat penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber informasi mengenai jenis serta bentuk pemanfaatan bambu di Desa Rawak Hilir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik wawancara secara langsung. Pengumpulan data menggunakan alat bantu yaitu daftar pertanyaan atau kuisioner berupa bentuk-bentuk pertanyaan yang diarahkan kepada sejumlah responden. Pengambilan sampel di lokasi penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling, yaitu responden yang memiliki pengetahuan luas mengenai nama lokal bambu dan manfaat bambu, masyarakat yang dijadikan responden sebanyak 139 orang. Berdasarkan hasil di lapangan, diperoleh 7 jenis bambu yaitu Muntik (Schizostachyum sp), Aor (Bambusa blumeana), Buluh (Schizostachyum brachycladum), Botong (Dendrocalamus asper), Porin (Gigantochloa levis), Porin anyang (Gigantochloa balui), dan Pensak (Bambusa multiplex). Ditemukan 4 jenis pemanfaatan bambu oleh masyarakat Desa Rawak Hilir Kecamatan Sekadau Hulu Kabupaten Sekadau yaitu sebagai bahan kerajinan, bahan konsumsi, bahan kontruksi, dan bahan ritual/ upacara adat.Kata kunci: Bambu, Masyarakat, Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu, Desa Rawak Hilir, Pemanfaatan.
Analisis Kepatuhan Muzakki Dalam Membayar Zakat Maal (Studi di Kecamatan Ledo, Kabupaten Bengkayang)
Authors: Anjlyani Mas 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor kepatuhan muzakki dalam membayar zakat maal di UPZ di Kecamatan Ledo. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 responden. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menyebarkan kuesioner yang memakai Skala Likert sebagai alat untuk menetapkan skor untuk setiap variabel. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu dengan menggunakan Analisis Deskriptif, dan Conclusion Drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian yaitu Tingkat kepatuhan muzakki Kecamatan Ledo dalam membayar zakat maal,berada pada skala 4,69 yang dinyatakan pada kategori „Sangat Baik‟, walaupun masih ada sebagian kecil muzakki yang masih tidak patuh membayar zakat maal terkait konsisten dalam membayar zakat maal setiap tahunya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian Tingkat Pemahaman , Kesadaran , dan Peran Lembaga UPZ menjadi faktor kepatuhan muzakki dalam membayar zakat maal di UPZ Kecamatan Ledo.
Stability and convergence of difference schemes approximating the first boundary value problem for integral-differential parabolic equations in a multidimensional domain
Authors: Бештоков Мурат Хамидбиевич , Бештокова Зарьяна Владимировна 
Published: November 2023

Исследованы интегро-дифференциальные параболические уравнения в многомерной области с граничными условиями первого рода. Для каждой задачи построена разностная схема с порядком аппроксимации $O(|h|^2+\tau^{m_\sigma})$, где $m_\sigma = 1$, если $\sigma\neq0.5$ и $m_\sigma = 2$, если $\sigma=0.5$, методом энергетических неравенств для решения разностной задачи получена априорная оценка. Из полученных оценок следуют единственность и устойчивость решения по правой части и начальным данным, а также сходимость решения разностной задачи к решению соответствующей исходной дифференциальной задачи со скоростью $O(|h|^2+\tau^2)$ при $\sigma = 0.5$. Проведены численные расчеты тестовых примеров.
Integral-differential parabolic equations are studied in a multidimensional domain with boundary conditions of the first kind. For each problem, a difference scheme is constructed with the order of approximation $O(|h|^2+\tau^{m_\sigma})$, where $m_\sigma = 1$ if $\sigma\neq0.5$ and $m_ \sigma = 2$, if $\sigma=0.5$, an a priori estimate is obtained by the method of energy inequalities for solving the difference problem. The obtained estimates imply the uniqueness and stability of the solution with respect to the right-hand side and initial data, as well as the convergence of the solution of the difference problem to the solution of the corresponding original differential problem at a rate of $O(|h|^2+\tau^2)$ for $\sigma = 0.5$.
On method for microseismic source location
Authors: Чернышевский Павел Андреевич 
Published: November 2023

Задача определения координат микросейсмических источников от группы сенсоров как вспомогательная задача микросейсмического мониторинга встречается, например, при добыче полезных ископаемых. Для приближенного расчета координат источника предложена математическая модель, в которой требуется найти глобальный минимум непрерывной функции. Однако, большинство применяемых для решения этой задачи алгоритмов базируются на эвристических и метаэвристических подходах. В настоящей работе предлагается использовать подход на основе свойства $\varepsilon $-липшицевости, который гарантирует нахождение глобального минимума. Приведены примеры расчетов, которые хорошо согласуются с результатами, полученными эвристическими алгоритмами.
Determining microseismic sources coordinates based on a group of sensors as a part of microseismic monitoring occurs, for example, in mining. A mathematical model is proposed for an approximate calculation, and it is required to find the global minimum of a continuous function. However, most of the algorithms used to solve this problem are based on heuristic and metaheuristic approaches. In this paper, we propose to use an approach based on the $\varepsilon $-Lipschitz continuity. This property assures that found solution is global. We show numerical examples that are in good agreement with the results obtained by heuristic algorithms.
Cosmological models with modified equations of state for dark energy
Authors: Воронцова Елена Геннадьевна , Шаров Герман Сергеевич 
Published: November 2023

Рассмотрены космологические сценарии, которые обобщают известные модели $\Lambda$CDM и $w$CDM и имеют уравнения состояния вида $p_x=w(a) \rho_x$ и $p_x=f(\rho_x)$ для темной энергии, где множитель $w(a)$ может зависеть от масштабного фактора $a$, $p_x$ и $\rho_x$ - соответственно, давление и плотность темной энергии. Проведен сравнительный анализ моделей в плане соответствия их предсказаний наблюдательным данным по сверхновым типа Ia, параметру Хаббла $H(z)$ и барионным акустическим осцилляциям. Среди рассмотренных сценариев выявлена и исследована наиболее успешная модель $w(a)=w_0+w_1(1-a)^3$ c указанной точки зрения.
We consider cosmological scenarios which generalize the well-known $\Lambda$CDM and $w$CDM models and have the equations of state $p_x=w(a) \rho_x$ and $p_x=f(\rho_x)$ for dark energy. Here the factor $w(a)$ can depend on the scale factor $a$, $p_x$ and $\rho_x$ are dark energy pressure and density respectively. We analyze these models comparing their predictions with observational data for type Ia supernovae, the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ and baryon acoustic oscillations. From this point of view we obtain and investigate the most successful model $w(a)=w_0+w_1(1-a)^3$ among the considered scenarios.
The Implementation of Two – Dimensional Model of Corporate Social Responsibility in Serbian Companies
Authors: Virijević Jovanović Saša , Janovac Tatjana , Nešović Dragana 
Published: November 2023

The aim of the paper is to point out the possibilities of measuring the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the basis of two - dimensional model, developed by Quazi Ali M. and O’Brien D. (2000). The problem of measuring the effects of CSR occurs mainly due to the fact that it is difficult to estimate how qualitative factors contribute to competitiveness. The two-dimensional CSR model measures the corporate social responsibility from two perspectives. One is the company’s approach towards society, while another represents the cost / benefit ratio of CSR. Therefore, the model belongs to the category of socio-economic models.
In order to make a contribution towards the further researching of the model application, the empirical test have been made on the sample of 33 companies in Serbia. According to Quazi Ali M. and O'Brien D., the survey was based on a questionnaire consisting of 25 statements that covered significant issues in the field of corporate social responsibility. Factor analysis was used as a statistical method in the research.
Aspirations Towards Entrepreneurship and Self-awareness Among Young Female Population in the North of Kosovo & Metohija
Authors: Ljumović Isidora , Jakšić Krsto , Lečovski-Milojkić Ivana 
Published: November 2023

Encouraging entrepreneurial culture and developing entrepreneurial education are a key factors for the development of modern economies and society as a whole. Although the number of female entrepreneurs is growing, it is still relatively low and one of the ways to achieve the gender balance in the field of entrepreneurship is the entrepreneurial education that will introduce women with the ability of the business venture through the phenomena of education.
The aim of this research is to examine the aspirations and intentions towards entrepreneurship in female undergraduate students and to understand which factors influence students’ entrepreneurial intention and behavior. The survey was conducted among female population of the final years of the University of Priština temporary seated in Kosovska Mitrovica as well as female students of the fourth year of secondary schools in the North of K&M.

We find that the half of respondents never engaged in entrepreneurial activities and that one third of them were involved in such activities by helping parents, friends or acquaintances. Female students in North Kosovo&Metohija generally recognize and highly rank qualities such as desire for success, confidence, creativity and initiative as very important for engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Their previous experience and positive attitude towards entrepreneurship are promising factors for the future growth of the number of female entrepreneurs in North K&M.