bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined pregnancy: how common is it?
Authors: Kivikoski A.I. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThree cases of combined intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy, treated in the same hospital over a 39‐day period, are presented. This condition has been acknowledged to be a rare phenomenon with delayed diagnosis and treatment. Two of the cases were diagnosed by ultrasound upon arrival at the hospital, and all three were treated within 24 h of arrival. These cases highlight the importance of ultrasound in diagnostics and indicate a possible higher incidence of this phenomenon than was previously estimated.
Intussusception: a rare complication following abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Reddy N.S. , Rajaram P. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 35‐year‐old parous woman was treated with abdominal hysterectomy for uterine myomata. The patient developed intussusception in the immediate postoperative period and was managed by laparotomy and manual reduction. The difficulties in diagnosis and management of this rare complication are discussed.
The outcome of pregnancies complicated by preterm rupture of the membranes with and without cerclage
Authors: Blickstein I. , Katz Z. , Lancet M. , Molgilner B.M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThirty‐two patients with cerclage were compared to 76 patients without cerclage. All pregnancies were complicated with preterm (<36 weeks) rupture of the membranes (PTROM). The management following removal of the cerclage was the same for the two groups and consisted of conservative treatment unless chorioamnionitis ensued. It was found that under similar conditions and treatment there was no significant difference between the outcomes of PTROM‐complicated gestations with and without a cerclage. The low added risk of cerclage to PTROM should not deter its use when indicated.
Pregnancy and primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Nir A. , Sorokin Y. , Abramovici H. , Theodor E. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractPregnancy is rarely encountered in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Ten pregnancies in nine patients have been reported in the literature. All five pregnancies that continued beyond the 31st week had increasing jaundice during late pregnancy. We describe a case of primary biliary cirrhosis with symptomatic onset at age 19, pregnancy a year later, with subsequent resolution of jaundice and pruritus. This course is different than most described by others.
One country's story: The PROALMA program in Honduras
Authors: Canahuati J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe first phase of the PROALMA project in Honduras resulted in changed hospital breastfeeding practices within as little as 2 years. These changes affected the community, lengthening the duration of exclusive breastfeeding to 1–2 months and the duration of any breastfeeding to 12 months. The second phase of the project sought to extend the program nationwide. One of the original pilot hospitals in San Pedro Sula was well along in breastfeeding promotion but felt there were still problems in breastfeeding education and the integration with family planning services. Following retraining of staff and the opening of a Breastfeeding Clinic and a Temporary Methods Family Planning Clinic, there have been improvements in both areas.
The Brazilian national breastfeeding program: A success story
Authors: Ferreira Rea M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe Brazilian National Breastfeeding Program launched in 1981, is remarkable for its broad scope, including activities aimed at protecting (employment legislation, control of marketing of substitutes for mother's milk), promoting (use of the media, professional training), and supporting breastfeeding (mothers' groups, information material, and direct counseling). The program was preceded by an assessment in the metropolitan areas of Recife and São Paulo. Evaluation of the program carried out in 1987–1988 shows that it has had an impact; the average duration of breastfeeding increased from 89 to 127 days in São Paulo and from 66 to 104 days in Recife. Exclusive breastfeeding, which averaged 43 days in São Paulo, increased by 1.5 times; while in Recife the increase was 2.2 times, leading to 32 days.
The use of mass media to promote breastfeeding
Authors: Parlato M.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractBreastfeeding promotion is currently hampered by four major problems: the decline in funding for campaigns; failure to use mass media; lack of program evaluation; and vague messages. Thorough social marketing research could determine why women are turning away from breastfeeding and what messages could be used to make breastfeeding a more attractive feeding option. Similar efforts should be made to include breastfeeding messages in other programs, such as family planning, growth monitoring, and oral rehydration therapy.
Perinatal morbidity and mortality in pregnancy hypertensive disorders: prognostic value of the clinical and laboratory findings
Authors: Acién P. , Lloret G. , Lloret M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractIn 521 pregnancies complicated by hypertensive disorders (PHD) and in 200 control cases, we studied the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), depression in the newborns, general morbidity of live newborns requiring admission and perinatal mortality. We also analyzed the relationship between these conditions and the type and severity of hypertension, gestational age, presence of symptoms of the classic EPH triad and of abnormal uric acid values, hemoconcentration, and low urinary estriol values. Perinatal mortality (especially antepartum) was significantly increased in severe pre‐eclampsia, chronic hypertension and chronic hypertension with superimposed pregnancy‐induced hypertension (PIH); in all the cases with PHD it was three times higher than that of the control group (59‰ versus 20‰ and five times higher than the global perinatal mortality of the 25,763 deliveries attended during the same period (12‰ General morbidity reached 44% in severe pre‐eclampsia and 75% in antepartum eclampsia. But the preterminal deliveries were also more frequent in PHD, especially in severe pre‐eclampsia‐eclampsia. Nevertheless, the perinatal morbidity and mortality in general increased when proteinuria and edema plus proteinuria were associated with hypertension, and the incidence was significantly higher when proteinuria surpassed 100 mg/dl. Morbimortality also increased in the presence of hemoconcentration, hyperuricemia, and low estrioluria.
Laparoscopic observations of pelvic organs in pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Tripathy(Mrs) S.N. , Tripathy S.N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSixty‐two cases of bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis were studied in the Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases at the V.S.S. Medical Collage Hospital, Burla, India. Apart from other investigations, all patients underwent laparoscopy to determine the incidence of genital involvement. Positive findings were observed in 37 women; tubercles were present in the tubes of 15 women. At dilatation and curettage, the endometrium was obtained in 37 women. Tuberculous endometritis was detected in 4 women.
The influence of lead ions on uterine activity in the rat
Authors: Modzelewski P. , Szamatowicz J. , Laudanski T. , Moniuszko‐Jakoniuk J. , Akerlund M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractSpontaneous uterine activity and reactivity to oxytocin, naproxen and PGF2α were studied in vitro in 80 rats, which for 2–8 weeks had been exposed to different concentrations and combinations of Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ in their water supply or had been given clean water for control. In rats given only Pb2+ in concentrations of 1000 and 500 ppm for 6 weeks the uterine activity was significantly increased, whereas in groups given the other ions alone, or Pb2+ for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks of clean water or Zn2+ or Cu2+ no change was observed. The responses to the oxytocin, naproxen and PGF2α did not differ. These results suggest that contamination with lead ions might be one of the etiological factors involved in conditions with increased uterine activity.
Breech vaginal delivery after one cesarean section: a retrospective study
Authors: El Gammal N.A. El M. , Jallad K.B. , O'deh H.M.S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis retrospective study evaluates the prospects of allowing a vaginal breech to follow a previous lower segment cesarean section by examining data from Farwania Hospital, Kuwait where 33 (38.4%) of 86 patients with a previous cesarean section with fetuses in breech presentation were given a chance for vaginal delivery. The remaining 53 patients were deliverd by lower segment cesarean section. Out of 53 patients, 34 patients were sectioned because of the presence of uterine scar. The other 19 patients were sectioned because of the additional presence of other obstetric complications such as diabetes, pre‐eclamptic toxemia or large fetus. This group of patients was excluded from comparison.
Noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus and pregnancy in Mexico
Authors: Contreras‐Soto J. , Forsbach G. , Vazquez‐Rosales J. , Alvarez‐Garcia C. , Garcia G. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractWe analyzed 215 consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus and pregnancy, 118 (54.83%) with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 90 (41.86%) with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 7 (3.26%) with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). NIDDM and GDM patients had no significant difference in age and body mass index. There were no maternal deaths, nor episodes of ketoacidosis. Maternal and neonatal complications occurred with a similar frequency in NIDDM and GDM. We concluded that in our population, diabetes associated with insulin‐resistance occurred in over 96% of our pregnant diabetic patients and was associated with an increased prevalence of maternal and neonatal complications. Earlier perinatal care has to be established in NIDDM patients, and obese young women should be screened to detect GDM from early gestation and advised to reduce weight before pregnancy ensues.
Colposcopic analysis of genital human papillomavirus infections during an 8‐year prospective follow‐up
Authors: Ji H.X. , Yliskoski M. , Väyrynen M. , Hippeläinen M. , Syrjänen S. , Syrjänen K. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA long‐term prospective follow‐up program has been conducted for genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in 532 women in Kuopio since 1981. By regular examinations (at 6‐month intervals) using colposcopy, cytology and/or punch biopsy, 426 of these women have been followed up for the minimum of 48 months (mean 71 ± 19 months). These 426 women were included in the present report. The colposcopic data of all women at the first and the latest visits were recorded from the colpophotographs, analysed and correlated with cytology, histology, HPV DNA detection and clinical behavior (i.e. prognosis) of the disease. Colposcopic abnormalities were found in 313 (73.5%) women at the first visit and in 138 (32.4%) patients at the latest visit. HPV infections were diagnosed in 368 (86.4%) women at the first visit and in 75 (17.9%) at the latest visit on light microscopy (i.e. biopsy and/or PAP smear). CIN was found in 54.7% of the women at the first visit. HPV DNA was detected by in situ hybridization in 38.2% of the biopsies assayed. Colposcopical multicentric lesions were found in one third of the women upon examination of the entire lower genital tract. The majority of the lesions were situated within the transformation zone. HPV infection and CIN were most frequently encountered in women with multiple lesions. Progression to CIN III was most frequent in large lesions (28.6%). No colposcopic pattern was able to distinguish HPV infections from CIN lesions, or predict the progression of the former. The results implicate that: (1) colposcopy is an essential method to disclose abnormalities due to CIN and HPV infections, but histological changes cannot be predicted on a single colposcopy; (2) HPV infection is a multicentric disease, making the careful examination of the entire lower genital tract mandatory on every colposcopy; and (3) the HPV progressors cannot be predicted on the basis of the colposcopic patterns.
A case‐control study of stillbirths in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Ferraz E.M. , Gray R.H. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractAn institution based case‐control study to determine risk factors for stillbirths was conducted in the city of Natal, NE Brazil, where 90% of deliveries take place in health facilities. Two hundred thirty‐four singleton stillborn cases were compared to 2555 liveborn singleton control infants of normal birthweight and gestational age. Information was obtained by postnatal interview and anthropometry, and review of medical records. Univariate analyses revealed a large number of potential risk factors, but after adjustment by logistic regression only six factors remained significantly associated with stillbirth. These were low maternal weight, ⩽50 kg and a history of pregnancy loss, both with odds ratios (OR) of 1.8, inadequate prenatal care defined as less than five visits (OR = 1.9), gestational complications (OR = 14.2), intrapartum complications (OR = 2.0), and congenital malformations (OR = 8.7). There was also an increased risk of stillbirth among older mothers who smoked (OR = 1.4), and evidence of an interaction between smoking and complications of pregnancy. From the public health perspective, the most important factors amenable to intervention were inadequate prenatal care and antenatal or intrapartum complications which were associated with substantial attributable risks (23.8%, 35.2%, and 10.2%, respectively). Thus, in this population, future reductions of the high stillbirth rate (27.2 per 1000 births) will largely depend on the coverage, utilization, and quality of antenatal and intrapartum care.
Low‐dose aspirin and vascular response in pregnant patients sensitive to angiotensin II
Authors: Caruso A. , Ferrazzani S. , De Carolis S. , Lanzone A. , Mancuso S. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe angiotensin sensitivity test was performed in 25 high risk pregnant women before and after administration of low‐dose aspirin (100 mg/day for 7 days). After aspirin administration there was a significant decrease in AII sensitivity in sensitive patients with no change in nonsensitive patients. Low‐dose aspirin favorably affects sensitivity to AII in sensitive patients, thus indicating a reduced vascular reactivity as a consequence of this regimen.
Fewer accelerations and decreased long term variability in the heart rate of small for gestational age fetuses
Authors: D'Hooghe T.M. , Odendaal H.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTwo hundred newborns delivered after decelerative antenatal fetal heart rate tracings were divided retrospectively into two groups, one that was small for gestational age (SGA) and another that was appropriately grown for gestational age (AGA). Analysis of the tests showed a lower prevalence of good long term variability in the SGA group when compared with the AGA group. In addition, fetal heart rate accelerations occurred less frequently in the SGA group, even in the presence of good long term variability.
Hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of suspected interstitial pregnancy
Authors: Kabukoba J.J. , de Courcy‐Wheeler R.H.B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThree cases are reported in which interstitial pregnancy was suspected on ultrasound scan. The first was managed by scans and laparoscopy, but resulted in rupture of the uterus and hysterectomy at 20 weeks. In the following cases hysteroscopy was used to refute the diagnosis in one patient and confirm it in another within the first trimester. A case is made for the use of hysteroscopy in the assessment of patients with suspected interstitial pregnancy.
Presentation and management of eclampsia
Authors: Konje J.C. , Obisesan K.A. , Odukoya O.A. , Ladipo O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThree hundred forty‐seven cases of eclampsia were managed at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria from 1977 to 1986 (9.3 per 1000 deliveries). Thirty‐one percent of seizures occurred antenatally, 46.2% during labor and 23.2% postnatally. Only 5% first occurred in the hospital. Seizures were controlled with diazepam, lytic cocktail (chlorpromazine, pethidine and phenergan), sodium amylobarbitone, paraldehyde and bromethol. Maternal mortality was 2.9%, and perinatal mortality 193 per 1000, respectively. Prevention of avoidable factors (absent or poor antenatal care and prolonged labor) by the provision of comprehensive antenatal care will reduce the incidence of eclampsia. Improvement in management facilities prior to transfer to referral centers, the use of magnesium sulfate or diazepam to control seizures and the avoidance of hypotonic solutions and 50% glucose during therapy will reduce morbidity and mortality.
A ten‐year review of encephalocele in a teaching hospital
Authors: Adetiloye V.A. , Dare F.O. , Oyelami O.A. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractA 10‐year review of infants with encephalocele was carried out in a multicentered teaching hospital. Out of 23 438 infants seen within the period, only 12 cases of encephalocele were seen, giving an incidence of 0.5/1000 births. Nine (75%) of patients had occipital encephalocele, two (16.7%) occipitoparietal and one (8.3%) fronto‐nasal. Two patients had spina bifida as an associated neural tube defect while occular abnormalities were seen in another two. None had neurological defects at birth but some showed evidence of hydrocephalus and delayed milestones after surgery. Ultrasonic diagnosis was made in one case only. The etiologic, prognostic and descriptive characteristics, in addition to obstetric management of encephalocele are discussed.
Ovarian pregnancy
Authors: Al‐Meshari A.A. , Chowdhury N. , Adelusi B. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOvarian ectopic pregnancy occurs very rarely; the reported incidence is only 1:7000–40 000 deliveries, despite various reports in recent years. We present four cases of primary ovarian pregnancy which were managed in the King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) over a 5‐year period representing a prevalence rate of 19.9 per 100 000 deliveries. All four cases complied with the four criteria of Spiegelberg. None of the patients were known to have used an intrauterine contraceptive device which had been suggested as the cause of ovarian pregnancies in several studies. Fertility after surgery in these cases was unaffected.
Influence of work on pregnancy outcome
Authors: De A. Seneviratne S.R. , Fernando D.N. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractOBJECTIVES: To study the effect of working in health services on complications of pregnancy, preterm deliveries and low birthweight (LBW). METHODS: These indices were studied in 130 pregnancies that occurred within the preceding 5 years in 100 nursing officers (NOs) and 126 pregnancies in 100 clerical workers (CWs). Risk was assessed by calculating odds ratios. Confounding and interaction effects were studied by stratification. RESULTS: Socio‐economic background and antenatal care utilization in the two groups were similar. Occurrence of LBW was not significantly different (OR = 1.04; 0.57 < OR < 1.89; P = 0.89) although complications of pregnancy (OR = 2.18; 1.09 < OR < 4.38; P = 0.017) and preterm deliveries (OR = 5.64; 1.15 < OR < 37.73; P = 0.013) were higher in NOs. Further analysis showed that employment in health services has a positive effect in prevention of LBW among NOs in the presence of other risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Working in the health services had a negative effect on some of the indices while benefits of such employment had a positive effect on birth‐weight.
Endometriosis and tamoxifen therapy
Authors: Morgan M.A. , Gincherman Y. , Mikuta J.J. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractTamoxifen is an estrogen antagonist/agonist often associated with antiestrogenic effects such as hot flushes and vaginal dryness in premenopausal women. Estrogenic side‐effects, such as thromboembolic phenomena and endometrial proliferation has been reported in postmenopausal women. Paradoxically, tamoxifen has also been shown to be capable of increasing estrogen levels in premenopausal women. Since tamoxifen is being used more frequently in this group of women, potential adverse effects are only now being recognized. Two cases of premenopausal women who developed symptomatic endometriomas while on tamoxifen for breast cancer, are reported. Stimulation of endometriosis should be considered when pain and an ovarian mass develops in a woman on tamoxifen. The unique effects of tamoxifen in premenopausal women may contribute to this even in the presence of regular ovulation.
Relativity of chronological age and level of awareness in crystallization of choice of career among Nigerian undergraduates
Authors: Eyetsemitan Frank 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThis study attempts to assess the relative influence of chronological age and level of awareness on the crystallization of choice of discipline or career among Nigerian University undergraduates. Crystallization is defined as the ability to know or choose a discipline or vocational environment with characteristics congruent with one's personality or implementing one's vocational self‐concept in the appropriate vocational environment. Level of awareness is the amount of information or data one has about a discipline. Seventy‐six freshers of the University of Jos, Nigeria in two categories of disciplines—old/professional disciplines (medicine and law) and new disciplines (sociology and psychology) with different levels of awareness about them in Nigerian society were used. It was hypothesized that students in the old/professional disciplines of law and medicine would have better crystallization about their disciplines than students in the newer disciplines of psychology and sociology. This hypothesis was supported at P < 0.01. Also supported was the hypothesis that crystallization would not increase with chronological age.In conclusion, it is suggested that level of awareness as against chronological age is a more potent determiner of crystallization of career choice in Nigeria.
Diminished responsibility as a mitigating circumstance in juvenile offenders' legal judgments
Authors: Siegal Michael 
Published: April 2004

AbstractThe legal judgments of 20 juvenile offenders and 20 non‐offenders were examined for three types of crimes: assault, arson and treason. Mitigating circumstances cast in the form of an inability to control events consisted of brain damage, passion and economic need, in contrast to a situation in which no mitigating circumstances were offered. The results indicated that despite the often‐made legal argument, neither group regarded passion and economic need as circumstances warranting the reduction of sentencing. Compared to the non‐offender group, offenders rated brain damage as less mitigating. While non‐offenders rated passion and economic need more severely than brain damage, offenders' ratings of the three circumstances did not differ significantly. The findings are discussed in terms of perceptions of control and structural‐developmental approaches to socialization.
A comparison of the psychological evaluation of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and of adolescents with conduct disorders
Authors: Gordon Donna P. , Halmi Katherine A. , Ippolito Paula M. 
Published: April 2004

AbstractCognitive and projective psychological tests were administered to ten inpatient adolescents with anorexia nervosa and ten inpatient adolescents with conduct disorders. All subjects were selected on the basis of race, sex and overall intelligence. Results indicate that there are high numbers of neuropsychological deficits in both groups, but that neuropsychological deficiets are especially numerous in the anorexia group. The two groups showed striking similarities in terms of some psychological functions, but results indicate that some aspects of personality style in the two groups are significantly different. A significant finding was that there were far more suicidal indicators on the Rorschach records of the anorectic group as compared with those found on the records of the conduct disorder group.