bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation geländegängiger Einsatzmittel im medizinischen Katastrophenschutz
Authors: Kippnich Maximilian , Dieckmann Maren , Speicher Chris , Kippnich Uwe , Erhard Harald , Meybohm Patrick , Wurmb Thomas 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Die Medizinischen Task Forces sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil des medizinischen Katastrophen- und Zivilschutzes in Deutschland. Aufgrund sich verändernder klimatischer Bedingungen und damit einhergehender Naturkatastrophen rückt der Einsatz bei zerstörter Infrastruktur und in unwegsamen Geländen zunehmend in den Fokus. Für diese Begebenheiten könnten konventionelle Einsatzmittel nicht ausreichen. Zur Verbesserung der Einsatzfähigkeit von Medizinischen Task Forces könnten geländegängige Fahrzeuge beitragen. Mit der vorliegenden Studie sollen diese bezüglich Geländetauglichkeit, Schulungs- und Wartungsaufwand, Sicherheit und Einsatzwert strukturiert evaluiert werden.

Material und Methoden
Mittels webbasierter Umfrage wurden alle ehrenamtlichen Helfer des Bayerischen Roten Kreuzes in Unterfranken (Bereitschaften, Wasserwacht, Bergwacht) kontaktiert. Neben verschiedenen die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer betreffenden Charakteristika wurden diverse Aspekte zu Einsätzen in unwegsamen Geländen und bei zerstörter Infrastruktur abgefragt. Zur Evaluation wurden die Spezialeinsatzmittel E‑Bike, ATV/Quad, hochgeländegängiges Fahrzeug, Unimog und Geländemotorrad ausgewählt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt haben 455 Helferinnen und Helfer an der Umfrage teilgenommen. 155 (34 %) der Befragten waren zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung länger als 20 Jahre im Katastrophenschutz tätig. 256 (56 %) gaben mind. Rettungssanitäter als höchste medizinische Qualifikation an, 266 (58 %) besaßen eine erweiterte Führungsausbildung (mind. Gruppenführer). Die Bedeutung von Ausbildung und Ausstattung für Einsätze in unwegsamen Geländen und bei zerstörter Infrastruktur wurde auf der Rating-Skala (0 „sehr gering“, 10 „sehr hoch“) mit 9 (Median; IQR: 8–10) bewertet, die vorhandene Schutzausrüstung mit 3 (Median; IQR: 2–5), die aktuelle Ausbildung mit 4 (Median; IQR: 3–5) und die Eignung und Ausstattung der vorhandenen Fahrzeuge mit 4 (Median; IQR: 2–5). Die evaluierten Einsatzmittel unterschieden sich im Hinblick auf die jeweiligen Bewertungskriterien z. T. deutlich.

Diskussion
Der Einsatz von Einheiten des medizinischen Katastrophenschutzes in unwegsamen Geländen und bei zerstörter kritischer Infrastruktur stellt ein hochrelevantes Thema dar. Durch die strukturierte Einbindung von modernen Spezialfahrzeugen könnte die Einsatzfähigkeit von Medizinischen Task Forces erhöht werden.

Graphic abstract
A real-time wearable AR system for egocentric vision on the edge
Authors: Karakostas Iason , Valakou Aikaterini , Gavgiotaki Despoina , Stefanidi Zinovia , Pastaltzidis Ioannis , Tsipouridis Grigorios , Kilis Nikolaos , Apostolakis Konstantinos C. , Ntoa Stavroula , Dimitriou Nikolaos , Margetis George , Tzovaras Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReal-time performance is critical for Augmented Reality (AR) systems as it directly affects responsiveness and enables the timely rendering of virtual content superimposed on real scenes. In this context, we present the DARLENE wearable AR system, analysing its specifications, overall architecture and core algorithmic components. DARLENE comprises AR glasses and a wearable computing node responsible for several time-critical computation tasks. These include computer vision modules developed for the real-time analysis of dynamic scenes supporting functionalities for instance segmentation, tracking and pose estimation. To meet real-time requirements in limited resources, concrete algorithmic adaptations and design choices are introduced. The proposed system further supports real-time video streaming and interconnection with external IoT nodes. To improve user experience, a novel approach is proposed for the adaptive rendering of AR content by considering the user’s stress level, the context of use and the environmental conditions for adjusting the level of presented information towards enhancing their situational awareness. Through extensive experiments, we evaluate the performance of individual components and end-to-end pipelines. As the proposed system targets time-critical security applications where it can be used to enhance police officers’ situational awareness, further experimental results involving end users are reported with respect to overall user experience, workload and evaluation of situational awareness.
Feature selection of microarray data using multidimensional graph neural network and supernode hierarchical clustering
Authors: Xie Weidong , Zhang Shoujia , Wang Linjie , Yu Kun , Li Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer remains a significant cause of mortality, and the application of microarray technology has opened new avenues for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the challenges in sample acquisition, the genetic dimension of microarray data surpasses the sample dimension, resulting in high-dimensional small sample data. Effective feature selection is crucial for identifying biomarkers and facilitating further analysis. However, existing methods struggle to fully exploit the interdependencies among genes, such as regulatory networks and pathways, to guide the feature selection process and construct efficient classification models. In this paper, we propose a novel feature selection algorithm and classification model based on graph neural networks to address these challenges. Our proposed method employs a multidimensional graph to capture intricate gene interactions. We leverage link prediction techniques to enhance the graph structure relationships and employ a multidimensional node evaluator alongside a supernode discovery algorithm based on spectral clustering for initial node filtering. Subsequently, a hierarchical graph pooling technique based on downsampling is used to further refine node selection for feature extraction and model building. We evaluate the proposed method on nine publicly available microarray datasets, and the results demonstrate its superiority over both classical and advanced feature selection techniques in various evaluation metrics. This highlights the effectiveness and advancement of our proposed approach in addressing the complexities associated with microarray data analysis and cancer classification.
At the Edge of Space: The Archaeology of Boundaries within a Landscape for Young Convicts
Authors: D’Gluyas Caitlin , Tuffin Richard , Gibbs Martin , Roe David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWithin a landscape, boundaries are the physically or socially defined lines that mark the limits of spaces. They can appear static and binary, and therefore analytically restricted. Yet it is argued here that while space is often analyzed in archaeology to inform social, economic, or institutional interpretations of a landscape, the analysis of boundaries is a complimentary method that captures movement, control, and prohibition mechanisms. Analyzing boundaries is shown to reveal aspects of change – sometimes diachronic and sometimes ephemeral – and a malleability that is often linked to materiality. The examination of the early nineteenth-century historical boundaries of Point Puer, a juvenile convict prison (1834–49) located in lutruwita/Tasmania, Australia, is used as a case study to illustrate their common archaeological forms. It is reasoned that the analysis of boundaries contributes dynamic interpretations of historical landscapes by theorizing boundaries as spatial frameworks to examine social and experiential elements of space.
Species traits and latitude mediate bird responses to forest edges globally
Authors: Vallejos Luis Martin , Prevedello Jayme A. , Vecchi Mauricio B. , Alves Maria Alice S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context
Although local studies comparing species abundance between forest edges and interiors are common, general patterns in the response of different species to edges are still to be determined. There is little consensus on the impacts of forest edge effects on the abundance of individual bird species, probably because the species traits affecting edge responses have rarely been synthesized.

Objective
We aimed to identify how different species’ traits, as well as extrinsic (environmental) factors, mediate the responses of birds to forest edges globally.

Methods
We collected global information from bibliographic databases from 59 studies with 63 different datasets that compared bird abundance between forest edges and interiors. For each species, we compiled six traits (diet, habitat preference, territoriality, body mass, hand-wing index, and foraging stratum). Using Linear Mixed-effects Models, we evaluated how species traits, latitude, edge contrast, and sampling method affected bird responses to edges.

Results
Based on 2981 responses of 1414 bird species, we found that plant/seedeaters birds responded positively to edges. The strength of habitat preferences on edge responses was also mediated by latitude. Open-area species from tropics exhibited a positive response, diminishing as latitude increases. Conversely, forest species tend to exhibit a somewhat more negative response in tropical zones. Edge effects were more negative for soft (low-contrast) edges.

Conclusions
Species traits, in particular diet and habitat preferences interacting with latitude, mediate the impacts of edge effects on different bird species. These species traits and latitudinal gradients must be explicitly considered in models attempting to explain variability in edge responses among species, as well as in conservation actions in fragmented landscapes.
Eventive modal projection: the case of Spanish subjunctive relative clauses
Authors: Alonso-Ovalle Luis , Menéndez-Benito Paula , Rubinstein Aynat 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHow do modal expressions determine which possibilities they range over? According to the Modal Anchor Hypothesis (Kratzer in The language-cognition interface: Actes du 19econgrès international des linguistes, Libraire Droz, Genève, 179–199, 2013), modal expressions determine their domain of quantification from particulars (events, situations, or individuals). This paper presents novel evidence for this hypothesis, focusing on a class of Spanish relative clauses that host verbs inflected in the subjunctive. Subjunctive in Romance is standardly taken to be licensed only in a subset of intensional contexts. However, in our relative clauses, subjunctive is exceptionally licensed in extensional contexts. At the same time, the interpretation of these relative clauses still involves modality, a type of modality that targets the goals of the agent of the main event. We argue that the pattern displayed by these relative clauses follows straightforwardly if subjunctive is associated with a modal operator that, like modal indefinites (Alonso-Ovalle and Menéndez-Benito in Journal of Semantics 35(1):1–41, 2017), can project its domain from a volitional event. Overall, our proposal supports the event-based analysis of mood (Kratzer in Evidential mood in attitude and speech reports. Talk delivered at the 1st Syncart Workshop, Siena, July 13, 2016; Portner and Rubinstein in Natural Language Semantics 28:343–393, 2020) and extends its application beyond attitudinal and modal complements.
Radio-pathomic maps of glioblastoma identify phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor infiltration associated with bevacizumab treatment response
Authors: Bobholz Samuel A. , Hoefs Alisha , Hamburger Jordyn , Lowman Allison K. , Winiarz Aleksandra , Duenweg Savannah R. , Kyereme Fitzgerald , Connelly Jennifer , Coss Dylan , Krucoff Max , Banerjee Anjishnu , LaViolette Peter S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Autopsy-based radio-pathomic maps of glioma pathology have shown substantial promise inidentifying areas of non-enhancing tumor presence, which may be able to differentiate subsets of patients that respond favorably to treatments such as bevacizumab that have shown mixed efficacy evidence. We tested the hypthesis that phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor fronts can distinguish between glioblastoma patients that will respond favorably to bevacizumab and will visually capture treatment response.

Methods
T1, T1C, FLAIR, and ADC images were used to generate radio-pathomic maps of tumor characteristics for 79 pre-treatment patients with a primary GBM or high-grade IDH1-mutant astrocytoma for this study. Novel phenotyping (hypercellular, hypocellular, hybrid, or well-circumscribed front) of the non-enhancing tumor front was performed on each case. Kaplan Meier analyses were then used to assess differences in survival and bevacizumab efficacy between phenotypes. Phenotype compartment segmentations generated longitudinally for a subset of 26 patients over the course of bevacizumab treatment, where a mixed effect model was used to detect longitudinal changes.

Results
Well-Circumscribed patients showed significant/trending increases in survival compared to Hypercellular Front (HR = 2.0, p = 0.05), Hypocellular Front (HR = 2.02, p = 0.03), and Hybrid Front tumors (HR = 1.75, p = 0.09). Only patients with hypocellular or hybrid fronts showed significant survival benefits from bevacizumab treatment (HR = 2.35, p = 0.02; and HR = 2.45, p = 0.03, respectively). Hypocellular volumes decreased by an average 50.52 mm3 per day of bevacizumab treatment (p = 0.002).

Conclusion
Patients with a hypocellular tumor front identified by radio-pathomic maps showed improved treatment efficacy when treated with bevacizumab, and reducing hypocellular volumes over the course of treatment may indicate treatment response.
Imaging as an early biomarker to predict sensitivity to everolimus for progressive NF2-related vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Nghiemphu Phioanh Leia , Vitte Jeremie , Dombi Eva , Nguyen Thien , Wagle Naveed , Ishiyama Akira , Sepahdari Ali R. , Cachia David , Widemann Brigitte C. , Brackmann Derald E. , Doherty Joni K. , Kalamarides Michel , Giovannini Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) is characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS) often causing hearing and neurologic deficits, with currently no FDA-approved drug treatment. Pre-clinical studies highlighted the potential of mTORC1 inhibition in delaying schwannoma progression. We conducted a prospective open-label, phase II study of everolimus for progressive VS in NF2 patients and investigated imaging as a potential biomarker predicting effects on growth trajectory.

Methods
The trial enrolled 12 NF2 patients with progressive VS. Participants received oral everolimus daily for 52 weeks. Brain imaging was obtained quarterly. As primary endpoint, radiographic response (RR) was defined as ≥ 20% decrease in target VS volume. Secondary endpoints included other tumors RR, hearing outcomes, drug safety and quality of life (QOL).

Results
Eight participants completed the trial and four discontinued the drug early due to significant volumetric VS progression. After 52 weeks of treatment, the median annual VS growth rate decreased from 77.2% at baseline to 29.4%. There was no VS RR and 3 of 8 (37.5%) participants had stable disease. Decreased or unchanged VS volume after 3 months of treatment was predictive of stabilization at 12 months. Seven of eight participants had stable hearing during treatment except one with a decline in word recognition score. Ten of twelve participants reported only minimal changes to their QOL scores.

Conclusions
Volumetric imaging at 3 months can serve as an early biomarker to predict long-term sensitivity to everolimus treatment. Everolimus may represent a safe treatment option to decrease the growth of NF2-related VS in patients who have stable hearing and neurological condition. TRN: NCT01345136 (April 29, 2011).
Is Nonprofit Entrepreneurship Unique?
Authors: Chowdhury Farzana , Audretsch David B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile private entrepreneurial activity has been at the core of entrepreneurship, nonprofit ventures still need to be explored in the literature. Using norm-activation theory (NAT) and resource-based view (RBV) lenses, we explore the antecedents of undertaking nonprofit entrepreneurial activity. By examining 8544 entrepreneurs’ decisions about the type of entrepreneurship to engage in, we find that not all human capital has a similar influence on people’s decisions regarding the types of formation of their venture. The results suggest that entrepreneurs' job-related experiences and social orientation are significantly linked to nonprofit entrepreneurship. The results of our study contribute to the human capital theory by demonstrating that people’s value influences how they use their knowledge resources.
Assessing the impact of immobilisation on the bioavailability of PFAS to plants in contaminated Australian soils
Authors: Khair Biek Sali , Khudur Leadin S. , Rigby Laura , Singh Navneet , Askeland Matthew , Ball Andrew S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become a key concern to both environmental and human health due to their extreme persistence in the environment and their ability to bioaccumulate in plants, animals, and humans. In this mesocosm study, Australian PFAS-contaminated soil with a mean total concentration of 8.05 mg/kg and a mean combined PFHxS + PFOS concentration of 7.89 mg/kg was treated with an immobilisation sorbent (RemBind®) at different application rates (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 5% w/w). To assess the efficacy of this immobilisation treatment, PFAS leachability, PFAS plant uptake, and ecotoxicity tests were conducted. Leachability testing was performed according to the Australian Standard Leaching Procedure (ASLP) at pH 5 and 7. A grass species (Dactylis glomerata) was used to measure plant uptake of PFAS from untreated and treated contaminated soil. In addition, the Microtox test was used to assess the associated ecotoxicity. The immobilisation treatment resulted in a significant reduction of 88.5–99.8% in the total PFAS leachability and 88.7–99.8% in the combined PFOS and PFHxS leachability at pH 5. Similarly, significant reductions (5–12-fold) were observed in the plant uptake of total PFAS and combined PFOS and PFHxS in all treated soil samples. In addition, although the Microtox test showed relatively low ecotoxicity in all the experimental samples, including the untreated soil, a significant decrease in the ecotoxicity of treated soil samples was observed. The results from this study highlight that this treatment approach has the potential to reduce both PFAS leachability and plant bioavailability with a relatively low associated ecotoxicity. This is likely to reduce the risk of the transfer of PFAS into higher trophic levels. This immobilisation treatment may, therefore, reduce the risk associated with PFAS-contaminated soils and may be an important remediation tool for managing certain PFAS-contaminated soils.
Graphical Abstract
Sorption and release of the pesticides oxyfluorfen and boscalid in digestate from olive pomace and in digestate-amended soil
Authors: Loffredo Elisabetta , Carnimeo Claudia , D’Orazio Valeria , Colatorti Nicola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The decline in organic matter content in many agricultural soils results in a dramatic decrease in their ability to retain xenobiotics. Due to its carbon-rich nature and sorptive behaviour, digestate used as soil amendment can counteract this trend. This study investigated the sorption efficiency of the herbicide oxyfluorfen and the fungicide boscalid by a digestate from olive pomace only, and by a loamy calcareous agricultural soil before and after its amendment with 2 and 5% (w/w) digestate.

Methods
To investigate the surface micromorphology and the functional groups of the digestate, scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were employed, respectively. Adsorption kinetics and adsorption/desorption isotherms of the compounds on the digestate and the soil were performed. Adsorption data were described using the Henry, Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin equations.

Results
Both oxyfluorfen and boscalid reached the steady state on both substrates in approximately 2 h according to a pseudo-second order model, thus denoting a prevalent chemisorptive interaction. The Freundlich model was generally the best fit for both molecules on any substrate. The KFads values for oxyfluorfen on the digestate, soil, soil + 2% digestate, and soil + 5% digestate were, respectively, 7158, 19, 60 and 170 L kg−1, while for boscalid, in the same order, they were 3700, 11, 37 and 31 L kg−1, at a temperature of 20 °C. The desorption of both compounds from the non-amended and amended soil and, especially, from the digestate was quite slow and incomplete, indicating the occurrence of a hysteretic process. Highly significant correlations were found for both molecules between the adsorption and desorption parameters of all adsorbents and their organic carbon content.

Conclusion
This study confirms the prominent role of organic matter in the retention/release of pesticides in soil. It is expected that the addition of digestate to soil can reduce the risk of transport of toxic compounds in natural waters and/or limit their uptake in edible plant organs.
Image-guided moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: a multicentric retrospective study (IPOPROMISE)
Authors: Ingrosso Gianluca , Ponti Elisabetta , Francolini Giulio , Caini Saverio , Fondelli Simona , Santini Roberto , Valeriani Maurizio , Rago Luciana , Duroni Giacomo , Bruni Alessio , Augurio Antonietta , Tramacere Francesco , Trippa Fabio , Russo Donatella , Bottero Marta , Tamburo Maria , Parisi Silvana , Borghesi Simona , Lancia Andrea , Gomellini Sara , Scoccianti Silvia , Stefanacci Marco , Vullo Gianluca , Statuto Teodora , Miranda Giulia , Santo Bianca , Di Marzo Alessandro , Bellavita Rita , Vinciguerra Annamaria , Livi Lorenzo , Aristei Cynthia , Bertini Niccolò , Orsatti Carolina , Detti Beatrice 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy is a treatment option for the cure of localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients based on the results of randomized prospective trials, but there is a clinical concern about the relatively short length of follow-up, and real-world results on outcome and toxicity based on cutting-edge techniques are lacking. The objective of this study is to present the long-term results of a large multicentric series.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively evaluated 1325 PCa patients treated with daily volumetric image-guided hypofractionated radiotherapy between 2007 and 2020 in 16 Centers. For survival endpoints, we used Kaplan–Meier survival curves and fitted univariate and multivariable Cox’s proportional hazards regression models to study the association between the clinical variables and each survival type.

Results
At the end of the follow-up, 11 patients died from PCa. The 15-year values of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and biochemical relapse-free survival (b-RFS) were 98.5% (95%CI 97.3–99.6%) and 85.5% (95%CI 81.9–89.4%), respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that baseline PSA, Gleason score, and the use of androgen deprivation therapy were significant variables for all the outcomes. Acute gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities of grade ≥ 2 were 7.0% and 16.98%, respectively. The 15-year late grade ≥ 2 GI and GU toxicities were 5% (95%CI 4–6%) and 6% (95%CI 4–8%), respectively.

Conclusion
Real-world long-term results of this multicentric study on cutting-edge techniques for the cure of localized PCa demonstrated an excellent biochemical-free survival rate of 85.5% at 15 years, and very low rates of ≥ G3 late GU and GI toxicity (1.6% and 0.9% respectively), strengthening the results of the available published trials.