bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A report on recommendations for the most suitable financial contribution model for the Distributed System of Scientific Collections Research Infrastructure (DiSSCo-RI)
Authors: Landel Salomé , Lymer Gaël , Pasterk Markus , Guiraud Michel , Worley Katharine 
Published: January 2024

A key consideration during the preparatory phase project DiSSCo Prepare – which laid the foundations for the future Research Infrastructure DiSSCo (Distributed System of Scientific Collections) – was the need to establish a small number of alternative viable financial contribution models and a scalable formula which could be presented to potential funders, with a view to obtaining the minimum financial contribution necessary for DiSSCo to operate, as well as considering how the RI could grow with increased national funding.
This report briefly explains the ERIC funding framework – as chosen for DiSSCo – and its legal constraints, in order to explain the key role played by national member contributions in the viability of an ERIC. An essential annex of the statutes that will be signed by all members of the ERIC is the member fee calculation. A proposal for the DiSSCo member fee calculation is set out in this document and is based on three main indicators: economic power (GDP), annual spending in research and development and population size. In the context of DiSSCo – and to ensure the ERIC can function – these indicators are connected to a fixed baseline fee of €50,000, in order to guarantee a minimum significant annual contribution from each participating country and avoid contributions that will be more expensive to manage than to benefit from. This baseline is multiplied by contribution factors which propose different ways to weight the various indicators.
The method is established on an ideal scenario, whereby all 27 EU members, as well as the UK, Iceland, Norway and Switzerland sign the DiSSCo statutes and agree to the proposed member contribution calculation, amounting to €4.5 million for the annual budget of the ERIC. This scenario remains highly unlikely; therefore, a scaled approach has been envisaged, meaning the initial engagement of some countries will allow DiSSCo to begin its operation and implement its business strategy, whilst the growth of the ERIC and its activities is likely to evolve proportionally to the number of national members it is able to engage.
This report also looks at the ways in which funding could be distributed amongst the DiSSCo members in order to implement decentralised services.
Maintaining Philanthropy: The Greek Alexandrian Institutions after the Exodus of the Early 1960s
Authors: Mylona Eftychia 
Published: January 2024

The departure of most Greeks from Egypt at the beginning of the 1960s raised questions in the community about how it should readjust its presence at an institutional level. This article examines how the Greek Koinotēta of Alexandria (GKA) operated as both a local and diasporic institution in periods of contraction, in terms of size and finances, and analyzes the adjustment policies it undertook concerning its institutional property and real estate. Despite the community’s demographic shrinkage in the 1960s and 1970s, the GKA was assigned its role as the value keeper and moral guide for the children of the community through its educational institutions and orphanages, having the support of the Greek representatives, in this case the consular authorities. Even though the GKA faced serious financial difficulties in the 1960s, it strived to find strategies of adaptation to maintain its agency and social, political and economic capital.
L’annulation de la dissolution des Soulèvements de la Terre : quand la cause environnementale sert aussi celle du Conseil d’État
Authors: Gliniasty Jeanne de 
Published: January 2024

Par quatre arrêts datant du 9 novembre 2023, le Conseil d'État cherche à donner un cadre théorique aux décisions administratives de dissolution d'association et à leur contrôle juridictionnel. Il démontre surtout les enjeux politiques et même de politiques jurisprudentielles qui les commandent. Si les restrictions à la liberté d'association peuvent être justifiées au nom de la protection des "valeurs de la République" dont la définition est laissée au gouvernement, la cause environnementale, quant à elle, se révèle un enjeu dont la gravité justifie qu’il puisse être porté atteinte à ces valeurs.
Small extracellular vesicles from hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate spinal cord injury via miR-146a-5p-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization
Authors: Liang Zeyan , Yang Zhelun , Xie Haishu , Rao Jian , Xu Xiongjie , Lin Yike , Wang Chunhua , Chen Chunmei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a disabling condition with limited treatment options. Multiple studies have provided evidence suggesting that small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) help mediate the beneficial effects conferred by MSC transplantation following spinal cord injury. Strikingly, hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived SEVs (HSEVs) exhibit increased therapeutic potency. We thus explored the role of HSEVs in macrophage immune regulation after spinal cord injury in rats and their significance in spinal cord repair. SEVs or HSEVs were isolated from bone marrow MSC supernatants by density gradient ultracentrifugation. HSEV administration to rats via tail vein injection after spinal cord injury reduced the lesion area and attenuated spinal cord inflammation. HSEVs regulate macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype in vivo and in vitro. MicroRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of SEVs and HSEVs revealed that miR-146a-5p is a potent mediator of macrophage polarization that targets interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1. Reducing miR-146a-5p expression in HSEVs partially attenuated macrophage polarization. Our data suggest that HSEVs attenuate spinal cord inflammation and injury in rats by transporting miR-146a-5p, which alters macrophage polarization. This study provides new insights into the application of HSEVs as a therapeutic tool for spinal cord injury.
Development and Evaluation of Drug-loaded Hydrogel Lens for Treating Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Mahapatra Sangita , Singh Ila , Packirisamy Gopinath , Goswami Mayank 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic disorder that is associated with diabetes that causes disruption to the retinal blood vessels. Conventional methods for treating DR face major limitations due to pathophysiological barriers, formulation of drugs, their effectiveness, and availability. Drug-loaded hydrogel lens can be a prominent treatment method to treat DR in the early stages. Hence, anti-VEGF drugs such as Avastin drug-loaded hydrogel lens can be utilized for treating DR.

Methods:
The hydrogels were prepared by testing numerous compositions and further optimizing them by incorporating components such as gelatin, alginate, and acrylamide to make them clear and viscous. The hydrogels were prepared with varying solvents such as deionized water, phosphate buffer saline, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The selected hydrogel was further investigated to check its transmissivity, biocompatibility, total drug release, and swelling properties.

Results:
Among testing and optimizing various hydrogels for preparing the lens, the hyaluronic acid and poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (pHEMA)-based lens showed positive results with LA (Lower hyaluronic Acid)-based hydrogels having optimum transmittance of approximately 80%–82%. The lens was further investigated for cytocompatibility testing which shows they are 70%–80% compatible with/without drug loaded. The drug release and encapsulation studies also show approximately 50% efficiency.

Conclusions:
The LA-based hydrogels are preferred over pHEMA hydrogels due to their biodegradability, economic, and longer shelf life. LA-based hydrogel is a nontoxic transparent lens with optimum drug retention capacity. The preparation of hydrogel is relatively easier with less incubation time making it a suitable material to prepare drug-eluding transparent lenses. The study provides an alternative yet effective hydrogel lens as it is more biocompatible to the NIH3T3 fibroblast cell lines.
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in India and the United States: Clinical Insights from a Comparative Review
Authors: Silas Ananta , Kavitha Karakkattu V. , Tiwari Shalbha , Unnikrishnan Ambika G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. This review aims to compare the published research on DPN from India and the United States, both having a significant diabetes population and having diverse means and approaches to health care. An online medical database search was conducted on PubMed using the key terms “global prevalence of diabetic neuropathy’, “epidemiology and risk factors of DPN”, “clinical presentation of diabetic neuropathy’, screening and diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy”, “DFU associated with diabetic neuropathy”, and “Charcot neuroarthropathy” from the onset to June 2022. Due to inadequate PubMed citations, a random Google Scholar search was performed. Out of a total of 209 citations (Title/Abstract) that were identified, following a thorough analysis by four different reviewers, 56 citations were chosen, and divided into various categories. Although data shows that DPN is more prevalent in India than in the United States, the former is largely based on clinic or institution-based data with small sample size and thus cannot be meaningfully compared to large population-based data from the United States.
Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor – A Rare Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Prachi  , Aiyer Hema Malini , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) represents a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease. It occurs commonly in females with a history of miscarriage, termination of pregnancy, or any other ongoing pathological pregnancy. We report this rare case in a 23-year-old female, who previously had a history of recurrent miscarriages. In this case, we emphasize on clinical and histopathological features for better understanding and awareness of such rare entities.
An Unusual Case of Kartagener’s Syndrome with Fertility
Authors: Thomas Nithin , Moniish V. , Varghese Jereen , Mededi Satish Babu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis together make up the trinity that characterize the uncommon autosomal recessive genetic ciliary condition known as Kartagener’s syndrome. The fundamental issue is the improper movement of cilia, which causes infertility, frequent chest infections, and ear, nose, and throat complaints. A fertile male with Kartagener’s disease is a unique case of this rare entity, which we are reporting here. The significance of having a high index of suspicion in such patients cannot be stressed to arrive at an early diagnosis and, whenever possible, provide alternatives for fast treatment and avoid needless symptom evaluation.
Patterns of Periodic Acid–Schiff Staining in Subepidermal Bullous Disorders with Emphasis on Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Ponmar Madhurima , Sathishkumar Dharshini , Pulimood Susanne Alexander , Thomas Meera 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) including salt split skin technique is quintessential in the diagnosis of subepidermal bullous disorders. These techniques are expensive and require technical expertise, limiting their diagnostic utility. The property of periodic-acid–Schiff to stain the basement membrane and the patterns produced by it was observed in a cohort of subepidermal bullous disorders, to see if it offers an alternative cost-effective testing method.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, observational study conducted in the department of general pathology, in a tertiary care medical center, over a period of 4 years. Only those cases for which paraffin sections, DIF and direct salt split skin immunofluorescence technique were available were included. The levels of anti-bullous pemphigoid (BP) antibodies were collected where available.

Results:
Of the 21 cases analyzed, 15 were BP, two each of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) and lichen planus pemphigoides (LPP), one each of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), and bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All the cases of BP, LPP and EBA showed a floor pattern of staining with periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) stain. Roof pattern of staining was observed in bullous SLE and PCT. PAS was found to be useful in diagnosing BP, especially in conjunction with an eosinophil rich bulla and anti-BP antibodies.

Conclusion:
We found that PAS stain could be an adjunct to hematoxylin and eosin stain when the diagnosis of BP is in doubt. However, larger sample size is needed to study its utility in other subepidermal bullous disorders.
Replacing Formalin with Phenoxetol as an Immersion Medium in a Human Cadaveric Storage Facility – A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sam Femina , Francis Deepak Vinod , Michael Joy Sarojini , Ganesan Maya Pavalasseril , Rabi Suganthy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Formaldehyde is a well-known preservative commonly used to preserve anatomical specimens. However, due to concerns regarding its detrimental effects, phenoxetol has been explored for its role as an immersion agent. Hence, we aim to understand the properties of phenoxetol-based solution when used as an immersion medium for preserving gross anatomy specimens.

Materials and Methods:
Two sets of specimens were procured from the cadavers embalmed in formalin and one set of specimens was immersed in formalin-based solution and the other set in 1% phenoxetol. Any sloughing, degradation, or presence of mold in the specimen was recorded over 3 years. Microbial cultures were taken from the tissues as well as the immersion solutions. Qualitative feedback regarding the experience of working with the fluids was obtained from the personnel involved in handling the specimens. These specimens were displayed at the end of 3 years to the teaching faculty and the parameters such as the general appearance, consistency to touch, state of degradation, and the ability to differentiate specific structures on the specimen were elicited and statistically analyzed.

Results:
The parameters such as tissue preservation, haptic and visual properties, and the differentiability of the structures in the specimens were preserved adequately with phenoxetol. Microbial assay from the tissues and the fluid showed no growth. There was no significant negative feedback against its use from the staff handling the specimens.

Conclusion:
1% phenoxetol is a good alternative form of immersion medium for anatomical specimens with less toxicity and better environmental impact.
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia in Association with Eccrine Angiokeratomatous Hamartoma
Authors: Park Su-Kyung , Kwak Hyun-Bin , Park Sang-Woo , Shin Jin-Yong , Park Jin , Nam Kyung-Hwa , Yun Seok-Kweon 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma is a variant of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma. Histopathologically, it shows both features of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma with components of angiokeratoma. Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma is extremely rare. Eccrine angiokeratomatous hamartoma in our case co-existed with intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia. This is the first reported case.
The Use of In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for the Diagnosis and Classification of Melasma
Authors: Duman Nilay , Yaman Banu , Oraloğlu Göktürk , Karaarslan Işıl 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In recent years, in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) draws attention as a noninvasive method to precisely detect abnormal pigment deposits, providing additional cytological details for the diagnosis, classification, and treatment monitoring of melasma. This article aims to review the RCM findings of melasma and classify melasma with RCM findings.
A Retrospective Study of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia from North-East India
Authors: Verma Shikha , Marak Anita , Paul Debopriya , Dey Biswajit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an important cause of scarring alopecia seen mostly in post-menopausal women but sometimes in pre-menopausal women and men. Although considered a variant of lichen planopilaris due to its histopathological characteristics, it has distinct clinical features and associations, which make it a unique entity. We hereby report a series of patients with FFA from North-East India.

Aims and Objective:
This study aimed to analyse the clinical and histopathological characteristics of FFA.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively analysed clinical records and histopathological features of FFA cases diagnosed in the Dermatology Outpatient Department from April 2013 to February 2023.

Results:
A total of 21 patients, who were diagnosed with FFA from April 2013 to February 2023, were analysed. Of these, 19 patients were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 9.5:1. The mean age of study population was 48.33 years. The majority of the patients were from the post-menopausal age group (15/19 females, 78.94%). Lichen planus pigmentosus (6, 28.57%) was the most commonly associated disease, followed by androgenetic alopecia and lichen planopilaris (2 each, 9.52%). The main histological features noted were perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrate in 18 (85.71%), followed by hydropic degeneration of basal follicular keratinocytes in 15 (71.42%) and melanin incontinence in 14 (66.66%) patients.

Conclusion:
Our study is the first study from North-East India focusing on the clinical presentation and histopathological characteristics of FFA. Furthermore, with respect to the recent development in FFA, our study attempted to determine the clinical significance of the proposed criteria for the diagnosis of FFA patients by Tolkachjov et al. (2018), viz. International FFA Cooperative Group Criteria (2021).
Clinico-pathological Spectrum of Primary Skin Malignancies in an Indian Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Aggarwal Phiza , Punia Rajpal Singh , Bhagat Ranjeev , Handa Uma , Sandhu Jasleen K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Skin malignancies are the most common form of malignant disease in the western world, predominantly affecting older age groups. The majority of skin cancers are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and malignant melanoma, which account for more than 95% of total skin malignancies. However, in India, these constitute only 1–2% of all cancers. There is an increase in incidence in India over 10 years of period. There is scarcity of data on the clinico-pathological profile of these tumours from this geographical region.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in which archival records and histopathology sections of all patients of skin carcinomas diagnosed over a period of 5 years (January 2016 to December 2020) were analysed. The clinical parameters and histopathological features of the cases were analysed and correlated for any possible association.

Results:
Out of the 230 skin malignancies studied, SCC constituted the most common type (n = 148), followed by BCC (n = 70) and malignant melanoma (n = 12). The tumour commonly presented in the 6th decade of life with slightly higher male preponderance (M: F =1.6:1). Sun-exposed areas were the most common sites, and the common presentations included non-healing ulcer, fungating/cauliflower/polypoidal growth, and hyperpigmented or nodular plaque. In SCC, previous history of diabetes and burns was noted in 10% and 3.4% of the patients, respectively.

Conclusion:
SCC is likely the most common histological type of skin malignancies in India. The clinico-pathological profile of skin malignancies of patients depends on multiple factors, notably the skin colour and the geographical location.
Vitamin D and Interleukin-17: Are These Serum Biomarkers Useful in Non-Segmental Vitiligo? A Case Control Study from Central India
Authors: C Anju George , Chhabra Namrata , Patel Suprava 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) is an autoimmune disorder due to the destruction of melanocytes, where cytokines like interleukin 17 (IL-17) and biomolecules like vitamin D play a theoretical role in pathogenesis. Previous studies in this regard yielded inconsistent results. This study aimed to compare the serum levels of IL-17 and vitamin D between NSV patients and healthy controls and to know the association of these biomarkers with disease activity and extent. This was a case-control study including adult patients with NSV and age and gender-matched healthy controls. Cases and controls with conditions likely to alter the serum levels of IL-17 and vitamin D were excluded. Serum levels of IL-17 were estimated by ELISA and vitamin D levels by chemiluminescence assay. 42 adult patients of NSV and 42 age and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited over a period of eighteen months. The mean value of serum vitamin D levels in the control group was 19.053 ± 5.340 ng/ml, whereas in the case group, it was 17.336 ± 6.931 ng/ml (P > 0.05). The mean value of serum IL-17 levels in the control group was 199.824 ± 51.244 pg/ml and 213.566 ± 69.018 pg/ml in the case group (P > 0.05). These molecules did not show any association with the disease activity and extent. In contrast to the previous studies, we could not establish the role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Furthermore, we could not find any association between vitamin D and vitiligo in our study, even though there is an inconsistent association between the two in the available literature.
Dermatosis Neglecta: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India
Authors: Palaniappan Vijayasankar , Sadhasivamohan Anusuya , Kaliaperumal Karthikeyan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dermatosis neglecta (DN) is an acquired skin condition that occurs due to unconscious neglect of self-cleaning in individuals with some underlying risk factor.

Aims and Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to summarize the demographic, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with DN in a tertiary care center.

Methods:
We evaluated the medical records of 28 patients with DN who were diagnosed and treated in our center between August 2020 and July 2022. The retrospective data related to demographic details, duration of lesions, morphology, distribution of lesions, associated symptoms, history of cleanliness, a risk factor for the development of the condition, treatment provided, and the details of follow-up were taken into account and analyzed.

Results:
Of the 28 patients, there were 19 males and nine females. The most common site in our study was the anterior trunk (n = 7) followed by the posterior trunk (n = 6). The most common site to develop DN was a recent surgical site. Soap and water cleansing resulted in the removal of lesions in the majority of the patients. Recurrence was observed in two patients.

Conclusion:
Our study indicates that the frequency of this condition is often underestimated and under-reported. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest case series of DN in the medical literature.