bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Do Adults Who Stutter Think About the Nature of Stuttering Treatment?
Authors: Vanryckeghem Martine , Van Eerdenbrugh Sabine 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Worldwide, there is an abundance of different treatment strategies, mechanisms, and constituents for individuals who stutter. This study explored what adults who stutter (AWS) think about the nature of stuttering treatment and its components and whether they feel stigmatized.

Method:
A survey containing nine statements about components of stuttering treatment and one question related to stigmatization was sent to AWS around the world. In total, 213 respondents were included in the study, spread out over North America, South America, Asia, Europe, and Australia/Oceania. Finally, three open-ended questions explored their opinion about important treatment aspects, the qualities of a speech-language pathologist (SLP), and what an ideal treatment looks like.

Results:
The nine statements referring to stuttering treatment were all seen as key components by more than half of the respondents. Nearly 80% found it very or extremely important that an SLP helps them with stuttering-related anxiety and thoughts, feeling more comfortable in different speaking situations, introducing them to speech strategies, and providing assistance in accepting themselves as a speaker. Three of these four statements were found more important by men than women. Especially respondents from North America and Europe found that (self) acceptance is important. About 50% think they are stigmatized.

Conclusions:
The survey unveiled that AWS particularly found treatment components focusing on speech and underlying thoughts important. However, it is also clear that AWS' individual opinions vary relative to what they think are important treatment components. Translating these findings to daily practice entails that SLPs should be trained in different treatment programs or approaches to meet the individual needs of each AWS. One size does not fit all. It seems crucial that researchers who conduct clinical trials for stuttering treatments employ more than stuttering reduction as an outcome measure.
Nerve Tracing in Juvenile Rats: A Feasible Model for the Study of Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy and Cocontractions?
Authors: Jönsson Krister , Hultgren Tomas , Risling Mårten , Sköld Mattias K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBrachial plexus birth injuries cause diminished motor function in the upper extremity. The most common sequel is internal rotation contracture. A number of these patients also suffer from cocontractions, preventing the use of an otherwise good passive range of motion in the shoulder. One theory behind the co-contracture problem is that injured nerve fibers grow into distal support tissue not corresponding to the proximal support tissue, resulting in reinnervation of the wrong muscle groups. To further elucidate this hypothesis, we used rat neonates to investigate a possible model for the study of cocontractions in brachial plexus birth injuries. Five-day-old rats were subjected to a crush injury to the C5–C6 roots. After a healing period of 4 weeks, the infraspinatus muscle was injected with Fluoro-Gold. A week later, the animals were perfused and spinal cords harvested and sectioned. Differences in the uptake of Fluoro-Gold and NeuN positive cells of between sides of the spinal cord were recorded. We found a larger amount of Fluoro-Gold positive cells on the uninjured side, while the injured side had positive cells dispersed over a longer area in the craniocaudal direction. Our findings indicate that the method can be used to trace Fluoro-Gold from muscle through a neuroma. Our results also indicate that a neuroma in continuity somewhat prevents the correct connection from being established between the motor neuron pool in the spinal cord and target muscle and that some neurons succumb to a crushing injury. We also present future research ideas.
Broadband noise-insulating periodic structures made of coupled Helmholtz resonators
Authors: Krasikova Mariia , Pavliuk Aleksandra , Krasikov Sergey , Kuzmin Mikhail , Lutovinov Andrey , Melnikov Anton , Baloshin Yuri , Powell David A. , Marburg Steffen , Bogdanov Andrey 
Published: January 2024

Acoustic metamaterials and phononic crystals represent a promising platform for the development of noise-insulating systems characterized by a low weight and small thickness. Nevertheless, the operational spectral range of these structures is usually quite narrow, limiting their application as substitutions of conventional noise-insulating systems. In this work, the problem is tackled by demonstration of several ways for the improvement of noise-insulating properties of the periodic structures based on coupled Helmholtz resonators. It is shown that tuning of local coupling between the resonators leads to the formation of a broad stopband covering ∼3.5 octaves (200–2100 Hz) in the transmission spectra. This property is linked to band structures of the equivalent infinitely periodic systems and is discussed in terms of bandgap engineering. The local coupling strength is varied via several means, including introduction of chirped structures and lossy resonators with porous inserts. The stopband engineering procedure is supported by genetic algorithm optimization, and the numerical calculations are verified by experimental measurements.
Comparative transcript abundance of gibberellin oxidases genes in two barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes with contrasting lodging resistance under different regimes of water deficit
Authors: Liaqat Shoaib , Ali Zulfiqar , Saddique Muhammad Abu Bakar , Ikram Rao Muhammad , Ali Imtiaz 
Published: January 2024

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is the world’s fourth most important cereal crop, and is particularly well adapted to harsh environments. However, lodging is a major productivity constraint causing 13–65% yield losses. Gibberellic acid (GA) homeostatic genes such as HvGA20ox, HvGA3ox and HvGA2ox are responsible for changes in plant phenotype for height and internodal length that contribute towards lodging resistance. This study explored the expression of different HvGAox transcripts in two contrasting barley genotypes (5-GSBON-18, lodging resistant; and 5-GSBON-70, lodging sensitive), which were sown both under controlled (hydroponic, completely randomised factorial design) and field conditions (split-plot, completely randomised block design) with two irrigation treatments (normal with three irrigation events; and water deficit with one irrigation event). In the hydroponic experiment, expression analysis was performed on seedlings at 0, ¾, 1½, 3 and 6 h after application of treatment. In the field experiment, leaf, shoot nodes and internodes were sampled. Downregulation of HvGA20ox.1 transcript and 2-fold upregulation of HvGA2ox.2 transcript were observed in 5-GSBON-18 under water deficit conditions. This genotype also showed a significant reduction in plant height (18–20%), lodging (<10%), and increased grain yield (15–18%) under stress. Utilisation of these transcripts in barley breeding has the potential to reduce plant height, lodging and increased grain yield.
Examining political influence on language
Authors: Ivašković Igor 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the problem of evaluating socio-political interventions in language at the case of Croatian. From a theoretical point of view, definitions of such interventions, often called purism, are first analyzed and placed in the context of the ‘one standard axiom’ thesis. To determine why only some historical periods of intervention are labeled as purist, a brief comparative overview is provided of conflicting perspectives on interventions in the Croatian language made between 1918 and 1990. The author argues that partial historical analyses will always find that a particular regime pursued a policy of purism. Moreover, proponents of the Yugoslav period as normal adhere to the thesis of the existence of the ‘One Standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, and Serbian Axiom,’ while their counterparts argue for the distinctiveness of the Croatian language from related South Slavic languages.
(Im)possible change
Authors: Soler Josep , Erdocia Iker , Savski Kristof 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This article examines three sets of infrastructures that give shape to the academic knowledge economy, namely:
institutional infrastructures (universities and conferences); gate-keeping infrastructures (journals and publishers); and
validation infrastructures (competitive assessments of individuals and institutions). We analyse the tensed interplay between
critical perspectives in applied linguistics and the influence of academic neoliberalism. We develop our argument in three parts:
(1) Academic critique and its emancipatory epistemologies are intertwined with established systems and coexist with mechanisms
that perpetuate inequalities. (2) Inequalities in knowledge production reverberate in knowledge dissemination, where the hegemonic
role of English as the language of academic publishing reinforces the unequal position of different actors in their academic
fields. (3) These inequalities (that originate in institutional and gate-keeping infrastructures) extend to the validation of
knowledge, which is entrenched in the audit culture that pervades academia and further reinforces neoliberal competitive dynamics.
We conclude by reflecting on the possibilities for change at these three levels.
Singling out
Authors: Rasmussen Gitte 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This EMCA (Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis) study concerns carers’ multimodal methods for including
residents living with dementia in social activities in remote locations. It illustrates how groups of residents are pre-arranged
and how the residents are subsequently singled out one by one through requests to come along. Though the request may be the second
one, it may be designed as a first request. Subsequently, carers employ multimodal methods to solicit moving and to escort the
singled-out residents.
The paper concludes that carers’ methods are employed with a view to difficulties resulting from dementia and to
pre-empt confusion in the residents. However, the methods may lead to exclusion. Except for one instance, this is not
problematized by the residents. The paper argues that some residents may understand they will be included next or in a while. For
other residents, forthcoming activities are not relevant unless extra efforts are made to reintroduce their relevance to them.
Anatomy of parameter-estimation biases in overlapping gravitational-wave signals
Authors: Wang Ziming , Liang Dicong , Zhao Junjie , Liu Chang , Shao Lijing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In future gravitational-wave (GW) detections, a large number of overlapping GW signals will appear in the data stream of detectors. When extracting information from one signal, the presence of other signals can cause large parameter estimation biases. Using the Fisher matrix (FM), we develop a bias analysis procedure to investigate how each parameter of other signals affects the inference biases. Taking two-signal overlapping as an example, we show detailedly and quantitatively that the biases essentially originate from the overlapping of the frequency evolution. Furthermore, we find that the behaviors of the correlation coefficients between the parameters of the two signals are similar to the biases. Both of them can be used as characterization of the influence between signals. We also corroborate the bias results of the FM method with full Bayesian analysis. Our results can provide guidance for the development of new parameter estimation algorithms on overlapping signals, and the analysis methodology has the potential to generalize.
(Regular) Black holes in conformal Killing gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics and scalar fields
Authors: Junior José Tarciso S S , Lobo Francisco S N , Rodrigues Manuel E 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we explore new solutions with static and spherical symmetry in 4D for black holes and regular black holes in the recently proposed conformal Killing gravity (CKG). This theory is of third order in the derivatives of the metric tensor and essentially satisfies three theoretical criteria for gravitational theories beyond general relativity (GR). The criteria essentially stipulate the following, that one should: (i) obtain the cosmological constant as an integration constant; (ii) derive the energy conservation law as a consequence of the field equations, rather than assuming it; (iii) and not necessarily consider conformally flat metrics as vacuum solutions. In fact, existing modified theories of gravity, including GR, do not simultaneously fulfil all of these three criteria. Here, we couple CKG to nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) and scalar fields, and we explore solutions of black holes and regular black holes. More specifically, by solving the field equations of CKG, we find specific forms for the NLED Lagrangian, the scalar field and the field potential, and analyse the regularity of the solutions through the Kretschmann scalar. We find generalizations of the Schwarschild–Reissner-Nordström–AdS solutions, and consequently further extend the class of (regular) black hole solutions found in the literature.
Low-temperature plasma jet treatment generates reactive oxygen species in solution that leads to peptide oxidation and protein aggregation
Authors: Begley Alina , Oganesyan Irina , Mrđenović Dušan , Smok Izabela , Leitner Alexander , Zenobi Renato 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Low-temperature plasma (LTP) jets are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical devices to remove cancerous tissue and aid in wound healing. However, reports on their reaction with proteins are conflicting, ranging from fragmentation, oxidation, aggregation, or a combination thereof. In this study we bridge the gap between plasma-treatment of short peptides to proteins at physiologically relevant concentrations. The LTP in this study is based on a helium dielectric barrier discharge that forms a plasma-jet, which is directed at the solution without direct contact with the plasma, and results in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) OH• and O2•− in solution. The longer the solution is treated, the more solution-phase ROS form. Treating peptide- and protein-containing solutions leads to extensive oxidation. The ROS led to the same oxidative modifications for peptide M with increasing chain length (9, 18, 37, 76 amino acids), which could be identified with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Oxidized species M + xO led to conformational changes such as compaction and elongation, while the unmodified peptide M remained unaltered, as found by ion mobility spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography. For proteins at high concentration, insoluble aggregates formed and could be identified by UV/V is light scattering and atomic force microscopy. The formation of aggregates is dependent on the amino acid chain length, the peptide concentration, and the time for aggregate formation. These findings highlight the importance of both peptide chain length and concentration in determining the fate of peptides following the exposure to LTP, while also offering valuable insights for the field of plasma medicine.
Adsorption mechanism and compatibility of environmentally friendly insulating gas CF3I and its main decomposition products with Al and Cu(1 1 1) surfaces
Authors: Liu Wei , Song Yumei , Guo Yuzheng , Han Rong , Zheng Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Good environmental compatibility and excellent insulation performance make trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) have the potential to replace SF6 in gas-insulated equipment. The gas–solid compatibility of CF3I, its main decomposed products (I2, C2F6, C3F8, C2F4, HF, CF3H, COF2), and environmental molecule H2O with the Al and Cu(111) surfaces is investigated based on first-principles calculations. The most stable adsorption configurations of Al and Cu(111) surfaces adsorbed by all gas molecules are constructed, and the interaction types between gas molecules and two metal surfaces are determined by adsorption energy (E
ad), charge transfer, and charge density difference. The absolute E
ad of CF3I and I2 adsorbed on Al(111) surfaces are 4.09 and 3.76 eV, respectively. In contrast, the absolute E
ad of other gases adsorbed on Al(111) surfaces do not exceed 0.99 eV, indicating that CF3I and I2 have strong chemical interactions and poor gas–solid compatibility with Al(111) surfaces, while other gases exhibit good gas–solid compatibility with the Al surface. The absolute E
ad of I2 (1.15 eV) adsorbed on Cu(111) surface is significantly larger than that of other gases-adsorbed systems (not exceeding 0.99 eV) including CF3I-adsorbed system, proving that the gas–solid compatibility of I2 with Cu(111) surfaces is worse than that of other gases. In addition, the reasons for the different compatibility of CF3I with Al and Cu(111) surfaces are analyzed in depth through the density of states.
AdaClass filter and its application in bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Hanyu , Li Yuntao , Zhang Xin , Zhang Zitong , Jiang Yanan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The vibration signals recorded by the sensor reflect the operating state of bearings, and extracting recognizable features effectively from them has become a hot issue in fault diagnosis. Currently, signal processing based filtering methods have emerged as a popular approach for extracting fault-related features. However, conventional filters based on specified assumptions and theoretical models have limited adaptability to multiple types of bearings under different operating conditions, which can significantly impact the diagnostic results. Given this, a data-driven Adaptive Class (AdaClass) filter is proposed to extract the response characteristics of different categories within the latent space. The filter details are obtained by statistically analyzing the mean vectors of samples for each class in the reconstructed feature subspaces. Notably, the latent feature space is mapped by linear operators linear discriminant analysis and class-wise principal component analysis, where the data has a more concise feature representation and a more distinct feature structure. The low-dimensional projection operations enhance the differential information among different categories, and reorganize the internal structure within the same category. Furthermore, a bearing fault diagnosis model is developed based on the AdaClass filter banks, utilizing one-step convolution to improve the efficiency of feature extraction. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the competitors in terms of accuracy, time consumption, and noise resistance, especially for small sample scenarios.
Transition from fractal-dendritic to compact islands for the 2D-ferroelectric SnSe on graphene/Ir(111)
Authors: Aleksa P , Ghorbani-Asl M , Iqbal S , Martuza M A , Bremerich A , Wilks D , Cai J , Chagas T , Ohmann R , Krasheninnikov A , Busse C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Epitaxial growth is a versatile method to prepare two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectrics like group IV monochalcogenides which have potential for novel electronic devices and sensors. We systematically study SnSe monolayer islands grown by molecular beam epitaxy, especially the effect of annealing temperature on shape and morphology of the edges. Characterization of the samples by scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that the shape of the islands changes from fractal-dendritic after deposition at room temperature to a compact rhombic shape through annealing, but ripening processes are absent up to the desorption temperature. A two-step growth process leads to large, epitaxially aligned rhombic islands bounded by well-defined

110

-edges (armchair-like), which we claim to be the equilibrium shape of the stoichiometric SnSe monolayer islands. The relaxation of the energetically favorable edges is detected in atomically resolved STM images. The experimental findings are supported by the results of our first-principles calculations, which provide insights into the energetics of the edges, their reconstructions, and yields the equilibrium shapes of the islands which are in good agreement with the experiment.
Fabrication of high quality lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 thin film and its application in memristor with ultralow operation voltage
Authors: Zhang Xiaofang , Wang Ke , Li Zhenyu , Qi Juanjuan , Li Dongke , Luo Jianqiang , Liu Jian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recently, the lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 has been considered as a promising candidate for next-generation nonvolatile memory and artificial synapse devices due to its high stability and low toxicity compared to its lead-based counterparts. In this work, we developed a simple and effective method to produce high-quality lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 thin films without pinholes and particles by applying a low-pressure assisted method under ambient condition with a relative humidity (RH) of about 45%. The formation of pinholes and Ag precipitation in the perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 films is effectively suppressed by the proper ratio of N,N-dimenthylformamide (DMF) mixed in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvents. Furthermore, the grain size of the Cs2AgBiBr6 films can be significantly increased by increasing the post-annealing temperature. Finally, a sandwiched structure memristor with an ITO/Cs2AgBiBr6/Ta configuration was successfully demonstrated, featuring ultralow operation voltage (V
Set ∼ 57 ± 23 mV, V
Reset ∼ −692 ± 68 mV) and satisfactory memory window (the ratio of R
HRS/R
LRS ∼ 10 times), which makes it suitable for low-power consumption information storage devices.
Blowup analysis for a quasi-exact 1D model of 3D Euler and Navier–Stokes
Authors: Hou Thomas Y , Wang Yixuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the singularity formation of a quasi-exact 1D model proposed by Hou and Li (2008 Commun. Pure Appl. Math.
61 661–97). This model is based on an approximation of the axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations in the r direction. The solution of the 1D model can be used to construct an exact solution of the original 3D Euler and Navier–Stokes equations if the initial angular velocity, angular vorticity, and angular stream function are linear in r. This model shares many intrinsic properties similar to those of the 3D Euler and Navier–Stokes equations. It captures the competition between advection and vortex stretching as in the 1D De Gregorio (De Gregorio 1990 J. Stat. Phys.
59 1251–63; De Gregorio 1996 Math. Methods Appl. Sci.
19 1233–55) model. We show that the inviscid model with weakened advection and smooth initial data or the original 1D model with Hölder continuous data develops a self-similar blowup. We also show that the viscous model with weakened advection and smooth initial data develops a finite time blowup. To obtain sharp estimates for the nonlocal terms, we perform an exact computation for the low-frequency Fourier modes and extract damping in leading order estimates for the high-frequency modes using singularly weighted norms in the energy estimates. The analysis for the viscous case is more subtle since the viscous terms produce some instability if we just use singular weights. We establish the blowup analysis for the viscous model by carefully designing an energy norm that combines a singularly weighted energy norm and a sum of high-order Sobolev norms.