bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A model of hepatic steatosis with declined viability and function in a liver-organ-on-a-chip
Authors: Wiriyakulsit Natsupa , Keawsomnuk Ploychanok , Thongin Saowarose , Ketsawatsomkron Pimonrat , Muta Kenjiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) begins with benign steatosis caused by ectopic storage of triacylglycerols in the liver. Persistent steatosis, in combination with other genetic and environmental factors, leads to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) characterized by functional impairment, inflammation, and fibrosis. However, it remains unclear how persistent steatosis directly contributes to the progression of NAFLD, which may represent a therapeutic target. The organ-on-a-chip (OOC) has emerged as a new culture platform to recapitulate human pathological conditions under which drug candidates can be screened. Here, we developed a simple OOC steatosis model using the Mimetas OrganoPlate with a human liver cell line, HepG2. Treating the HepG2 OOCs with fatty acid overload induced steatosis within 24 h. Moreover, persistent steatosis for 6 days impaired OOC viability and hepatic function, as measured by a WST-8 assay and albumin production, respectively. Lastly, the HepG2 OOCs were exposed to drugs being tested in clinical trials for NAFLD/NASH during the 6-day period. Pioglitazone improved the OOC viability while elafibranor reduced the steatosis in association with reduced viability and albumin production. In conclusion, we show that the HepG2 steatosis OOC model is a useful tool on which the efficacy and toxicity of various therapeutic candidates can be tested.
Use of natural biotechnological processes to modify the nutritional properties of bean-based and lentil-based beverages
Authors: Cichońska Patrycja , Bryś Joanna , Ziarno Małgorzata 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe market for plant-based beverages (PBBs) is relatively new; hence, to enable its further development, it is important to use new raw materials and improve production technology. The use of natural biotechnological processes can diversify the segment of PBBs, which may offer products with better functionality than those available in the market. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of fermentation and germination on the nutritional properties of bean-based beverages (BBs) and lentil-based beverages (LBs). The applied processes significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the characteristics of PBBs. Fermentation improved the antioxidant properties (e.g., by increasing the level of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity by 2–6% and 3–7% for BBs and LBs, respectively) and modified the fatty acid (FA) profile of PBBs. This process increased the share of polyunsaturated FAs in the sn2 position in triacylglycerols, which may promote its absorption in the intestine. The simultaneous use of germination and fermentation was most effective in decreasing oligosaccharide content (< 1.55 mg/kg), which may reduce digestive discomfort after consuming PBBs. We recommend that the designing of innovative legume-based beverages should include the application of fermentation and germination to obtain products with probiotic bacteria and improved nutritional properties.
The association of intracranial atherosclerosis with cerebral small vessel disease imaging markers: a high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Zhu Kang-Li , Shang Zi-Yang , Liu Bai-jun , Wang Ying , Li Jing , Yang Ben-Qiang , Ntaios George , Chen Hui-Sheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the association of intracranial non-stenotic atherosclerotic plaque with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging markers in a CSVD population using 3.0 T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI), which was validated in embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) cohort. We retrospectively recruited consecutive patients who were diagnosed with CSVD or ESUS from January 2015 to December 2019. All patients underwent intracranial HRMRI to assess intracranial non-stenotic atherosclerotic plaques. Baseline and imaging data were collected and were measured among all patients. Among 153 patients with CSVD, there were 59 with intracranial atherosclerotic plaque (IAP) and 94 with non-IAP, including 36 with intracranial atherosclerotic complicated plaque (IACP). Among 227 ESUS patients, there were 155 with IAP and 72 with non-IAP, including 127 with IACP. In the CSVD population, we found that: (1) CSVD burden was associated with IAP (p = 0.036) and IACP (p = 0.008); (2) IAP was associated with white matter hyperintensity (51% vs. 34%; P = 0.039), and IACP was associated with lacunes (69% vs. 35%; P = 0.009) and enlarge perivascular space (69% vs. 39%; P = 0.022). A similar association of CSVD imaging markers with IAP or IACP was found in the ESUS population. Furthermore, the association of unilateral IAP or IACP with CSVD imaging markers of ipsilateral hemisphere was identified in the two cohorts. This is the first report that intracranial non-stenotic atherosclerotic plaque, especially complicated plaque, is closely associated with CSVD imaging markers, which provide further evidence for the association of large artery atherosclerosis with CSVD.
Novel GPR156 variants confirm its role in moderate sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Ramzan Memoona , Bozan Nazim , Seyhan Serhat , Zafeer Mohammad Faraz , Ayral Aburrahman , Duman Duygu , Bademci Guney , Tekin Mustafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHereditary hearing loss (HL) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder affecting people worldwide. The implementation of advanced sequencing technologies has significantly contributed to the identification of novel genes involved in HL. In this study, probands of two Turkish families with non-syndromic moderate HL were subjected to exome sequencing. The data analysis identified the c.600G > A (p.Thr200Thr) and c.1863dupG (p.His622fs) variants in GPR156, which co-segregated with the phenotype as an autosomal recessive trait in the respective families. The in silico predictions and a minigene assay showed that the c.600G > A variant disrupts mRNA splicing. This gene belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors whose function is not well established in the inner ear. GPR156 variants have very recently been reported to cause HL in three families. Our study from a different ethnic background confirms GPR156 as a bona fide gene involved in HL in humans. Further investigation towards the understanding of the role of GPCRs in the inner ear is warranted.
Snoring might be a warning sign for metabolic syndrome in nonobese Korean women
Authors: Chang Suk Won , Lee Ha Young , Choi Hyun Seung , Chang Jung Hyun , Lim Gil Chai , Kang Ju Wan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is an underlying cause of various diseases and is strongly associated with mortality. In particular, it has been steadily increasing along with changes in diet and lifestyle habits. The close relationship between sleep apnea and MetS is well established. In addition, these two diseases share a common factor of obesity and have a high prevalence among obese individuals. Nevertheless, the association can vary depending on factors, such as race and sex, and research on the relatively low obesity rates among East Asians is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the association between snoring and MetS in nonobese Koreans. A total of 2478 participants (827 men and 1651 women) were enrolled in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2019 to 2020. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for MetS and a snoring questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between MetS and various confounding factors according to age and sex in participants with body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2. MetS was significantly higher in participants with snoring than in those without snoring (26.9% vs. 19.6%; p = 0.007). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.070, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.059–1.082, p < .001), sex (OR 1.531, 95% CI 1.139–2.058, p = 0.005), and snoring (OR 1.442, 95% CI 1.050–1.979, p = 0.024) were significantly associated with MetS in patients with a BMI < 23 kg/m2. Finally, regression analysis showed that snoring was significantly associated with MetS in women with a BMI of less than 23 kg/m2, especially with younger ages (40–49 years, OR 4.449, 95% CI 1.088 to 18.197, p = 0.038). Snoring was closely associated with MetS in women aged 40–50 years with a BMI of less than 23 kg/m2 compared to other participants. However, the association was not found in women aged 60 and over. Therefore, sufficient consideration should be given to the possibility of MetS when snoring is present in nonobese middle-aged Asian women.
Advantages and developments of Raman spectroscopy for electroceramics
Authors: Deluca Marco , Hu Hailong , Popov Maxim N. , Spitaler Jürgen , Dieing Thomas 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite being applied with success in many fields of materials science, Raman spectroscopy is not yet determinant in the study of electroceramics. Recent experimental and theoretical developments, however, should increase the popularity of Raman spectroscopy in this class of materials. In this review, we outline the fields of application of Raman spectroscopy and microscopy in various electroceramic systems, defining current key bottlenecks and explaining promising recent developments. We focus our attention on recent experimental developments, including coupling Raman spectroscopy with other methodologies and modelling approaches involving both the model-based data interpretation and the ab initio calculation of realistic Raman spectra.
A multibody kinematic system approach for the design of shape-morphing mechanism-based metamaterials
Authors: de Jong Pier H. , Schwab A. L. , Mirzaali Mohammad J. , Zadpoor Amir A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShape-morphing structures have the ability to adapt to various target shapes, offering significant advantages for many applications. However, predicting their behavior presents challenges. Here, we present a method to assess the shape-matching behavior of shape-morphing structures using a multibody systems approach wherein the structure is represented by a collection of nodes and their associated constraints. This representation preserves the kinematic properties of the original structure while allowing for a rigorous treatment of the shape-morphing behavior of the underlying metamaterial. We assessed the utility of the proposed method by applying it to a wide range of 2D/3D sample shape-morphing structures. A modular system of joints and links was also 3D printed for the experimental realization of the systems under study. Both our simulations and the experiments confirmed the ability of the presented technique to capture the true shape-morphing behavior of complex shape-morphing metamaterials.
The optimization of model ensemble composition and size can enhance the robustness of crop yield projections
Authors: Li Linchao , Wang Bin , Feng Puyu , Jägermeyr Jonas , Asseng Senthold , Müller Christoph , Macadam Ian , Liu De Li , Waters Cathy , Zhang Yajie , He Qinsi , Shi Yu , Chen Shang , Guo Xiaowei , Li Yi , He Jianqiang , Feng Hao , Yang Guijun , Tian Hanqin , Yu Qiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLinked climate and crop simulation models are widely used to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture. However, it is unclear how ensemble configurations (model composition and size) influence crop yield projections and uncertainty. Here, we investigate the influences of ensemble configurations on crop yield projections and modeling uncertainty from Global Gridded Crop Models and Global Climate Models under future climate change. We performed a cluster analysis to identify distinct groups of ensemble members based on their projected outcomes, revealing unique patterns in crop yield projections and corresponding uncertainty levels, particularly for wheat and soybean. Furthermore, our findings suggest that approximately six Global Gridded Crop Models and 10 Global Climate Models are sufficient to capture modeling uncertainty, while a cluster-based selection of 3-4 Global Gridded Crop Models effectively represents the full ensemble. The contribution of individual Global Gridded Crop Models to overall uncertainty varies depending on region and crop type, emphasizing the importance of considering the impact of specific models when selecting models for local-scale applications. Our results emphasize the importance of model composition and ensemble size in identifying the primary sources of uncertainty in crop yield projections, offering valuable guidance for optimizing ensemble configurations in climate-crop modeling studies tailored to specific applications.
Streamflow decreases in response to acid deposition in a subtropical forest watershed in China
Authors: Wang Linhua , Lanning Matthew , Wang Lixin , Yu Mengxiao , Ye Shu , Tian Lei , Yen Haw , Yan Junhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStreamflow reductions have been attributed to the impacts of soil nutrient availability on plant transpiration, connecting soil biogeochemical and hydrological processes. Here we conducted a plot-scale acid addition experiment and monitored long-term hydrology in a subtropical watershed to provide direct evidence for the underlying mechanisms of these connections. These results showed that acid deposition enhanced plant growth and thus increased plant transpiration in the early treatment period. It indicates that plants can increase their transport of water and nutrients to satisfy physiological demands under continuous acid deposition. Acid deposition mainly contributed to increased evapotranspiration and decreased streamflow at the watershed scale. These results provide complementary evidence of plants adjusting to acid deposition-induced changes in soil nutrient availability and these acclimations result in streamflow reductions at the watershed scale. Our results call for integrating forest biogeochemical feedback into watershed hydrology.
The westerly winds control the zonal migration of rainy season over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Jiang Xingwen , Cai Fenying , Li Zhenning , Wang Zunya , Zhang Tuantuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrecipitation over the Tibetan Plateau is modulated by both the South Asian summer monsoon and the mid-latitude westerly winds. Using observations and numerical simulations, this study highlights the out-of-phase relationships between the mid-latitude westerly wind speeds and the west-east migration of Tibetan Plateau rainy season. When the westerly jet shifts northward before July, the weakening of westerly winds over the Tibetan Plateau leads to a westward shift of low-level warm air center and a westward extension of moist air convergence. Consequently, rainy season advances westward. Conversely, the southward shift of westerly jet after August leads to a strengthening of westerly winds and an eastward retreat of rainy season. Numerical simulations confirm the dominant role of mid-latitude westerly winds on the rain belt migration over the Tibetan Plateau, and further indicate that the timing of the westward extension of rain belt is determined by the weakening of mid-latitude westerly winds.
An Exploration of Quality of Life Perceptions of Cochlear Implant Recipients and Their Frequent Communication Partners
Authors: Bishop Jessica L. , Flagge Ashley G. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Quality of life (QoL) after cochlear implantation has been investigated using a variety of QoL questionnaires. However, few studies have examined the perceived QoL of cochlear implant (CI) recipients compared between the recipient and a frequent communication partner (FCP) using both hearing-related (hearing-specific) and health-general (health-general) measures.

Method:
For this multiple case study, five participant pairs were recruited, consisting of five adult recipients who were implanted at least 6 months prior to the time of evaluation and five adult FCPs who lived with the recipient at the time of evaluation. All 10 participants (five pairs) completed a health-general questionnaire (Medical Outcome Study Short-Form Survey 12-Item [SF-12]), and eight participants (four pairs) completed a disease specific questionnaire (Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire [NCIQ]).

Results:
Both recipients and partners tended to score similarly to each other on both measures. However, both groups scored higher on the SF-12 than the NCIQ. Results also revealed a better interrater agreement between pairs on the SF-12 compared to the NCIQ.

Conclusions:
Overall, scores for recipients and partners were higher for the health-general SF-12 compared to the hearing-related NCIQ. Additionally, rater agreement was better for the SF-12 compared to the NCIQ, suggesting that differences in QoL perceptions exist for more hearing-specific challenges.
These results highlight potential differences in perception of recipient QoL postimplantation as illustrated through the use of multiple QoL measures. Results speak to the importance of open communication between recipients and partners.
Unique distant classical Cepheid OGLE GD-CEP-1353 with anomalously high abundances of s- and r-process elements
Authors: Kovtyukh V. V. , Andrievsky S. M. , Werner K. , Korotin S. A. 
Published: October 2023

Aims. While looking for recently discovered distant Cepheids with an interesting chemical composition, we noticed one star (OGLE GD-CEP-1353) with extremely large equivalent widths of spectral lines of heavy elements. The aim of this work is to perform an abundance analysis, and to find a possible explanation for the found chemical anomaly.
Methods. Quantitative analysis of the equivalent widths and synthetic spectrum synthesis were used to derive abundances in this star. Both local and nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE and NLTE) approximations were used in our analysis.
Results. Abundances of 28 chemical elements from carbon to thorium were derived. While light and iron peak elements show abundances typical for distant Cepheids (located in the outer disk), the s-process elements are overabundant about one dex. r-process elements are slightly less overabundant. This makes the star a unique Cepheid of our Galaxy.
Familienorientierte Prävention häuslicher Gewalt in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Magiera Kim , Gossmann Emily , Fegert Jörg M. 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Das Forschungsprojekt hatte zum Ziel, den Ist-Stand der Forschung zu Prävention und Intervention bei häuslicher Gewalt darzustellen sowie Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer familienorientierten Prävention häuslicher Gewalt auszuloten.
Material und Methoden Es wurde eine Literaturanalyse zu Prävalenzen, Folgen und Best Practices im Umgang mit häuslicher Gewalt durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus wurden 22 leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews und 2 Gruppendiskussionen mit Fachkräften aus dem Versorgungssystem häusliche Gewalt geführt. Die erhobenen Daten wurden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Fachkräfte beschreiben sowohl strukturelle als auch Schwierigkeiten hinsichtlich der Vernetzung mit anderen Hilfeeinrichtungen und Defizite in der Aus- und Weiterbildung; gleichzeitig entwickeln sie Ideen, wie diese mit der Zielrichtung einer Verbesserung der Versorgung betroffener Familien verändert werden können.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Versorgungsangebote bei häuslicher Gewalt sollten niedrigschwellig und übersichtlich gestaltet werden. MST-CAN sowie Familien- und Erziehungsberatungsstellen erscheinen aufgrund der Datenlage als vielversprechende Ansätze zur Verbesserung einer familienorientierten Prävention häuslicher Gewalt.
Klinische Relevanz Ärzte können eine Schlüsselrolle in der Verbesserung der Hilfe bei häuslicher Gewalt einnehmen, wenn sie Patienten gezielt nach Gewalterfahrungen fragen, das lokale Hilfenetzwerk kennen und je nach Bedarf zielgerichtet dorthin verweisen. Dies gilt insbesondere in Krisenzeiten, wenn andere regelmäßige Kontakte wegfallen.
Psychische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Krisenzeiten
Authors: Gossmann Emily , Erlewein Katrin , Fegert Jörg M. 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Das Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, die direkten und indirekten Folgen verschiedener Krisen für die psychische Gesundheit und Teilhabe von Kindern und Jugendlichen aufzuzeigen, Risikogruppen zu identifizieren und Präventionsstrategien für den Erhalt der psychischen Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Krisen darzustellen.
Material und Methoden Bei dem vorliegenden Artikel handelt es sich um eine Übersicht wissenschaftlicher Literatur.
Ergebnisse Auswirkungen von Krisen sind vielfältig und lassen sich auf finanzieller, sozialer, edukativer, gesundheitlicher und ökonomischer Ebene einordnen, die Einfluss auf die psychische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen nehmen können. Besonders gefährdet sind vorbelastete Kinder und Jugendliche.
Schlussfolgerung(en) Da Krisen auch zukünftig auftreten werden, sind geeignete Präventionsmaßnahmen von besonderer Bedeutung. Informationsveranstaltungen und Beratungsangebote können auf bestehende Strukturen, wie Schulen und Kindergärten, aufgebaut werden. Digitale Angebote bieten außerdem eine moderne Ergänzung zu klassischen Angeboten, die mit Niederschwelligkeit und Flexibilität einhergehen.
Prävention von (sexualisierter) Gewalt in medizinischen Institutionen als Krisenprävention
Authors: Hoffmann Ulrike , Fegert Jörg Michael 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel In den vergangenen Jahren wurden immer wieder Fälle von (sexualisierter) Gewalt in medizinischen Institutionen bekannt. Dies führte vielfach zu einer institutionellen Krise, da keine Abläufe für solche Fälle in der Institution etabliert waren.
Material und Methoden Dargestellt werden Formen von Risikofaktoren für Gewalt in medizinischen Institutionen, Einteilungen von Prävention sowie der Aufbau eines Schutzkonzeptes gegen (sexualisierte) Gewalt.
Ergebnisse Es gibt eine Vielzahl von Risikofaktoren. Maßnahmen gegen (sexualisierte) Gewalt an Kindern und Jugendlichen werden in ein Schema nach universeller, selektiver und indizierter Prävention eingeordnet.
Schlussfolgerung(en) Die Entwicklung eines Schutzkonzeptes kann bei einem partizipativen Ansatz dazu beitragen, dass alle Personen in einer Institution miteinander ins Gespräch kommen und sich das Institutionsklima verbessert. Die Einteilung in universelle, selektive und indizierte Prävention berücksichtigt die unterschiedlichen Bedarfe von Risikogruppen.
Klinische Relevanz Medizinische Institutionen sind durch eine Änderung in der QM-Richtlinie des G-BA seit 2020 verpflichtet, ein Schutzkonzept gegen (sexualisierte) Gewalt zu entwickeln.