bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upgrading interferometric scattering microscopy with ensemble statistical analysis
Authors: Lee Minsu , Hong Seok‐Cheol , Cho Minhaeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInterferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy, label‐free high‐speed (up to ~1000 frames per second) imaging and tracking technique, has proven to be a versatile tool by measuring the mass and 3D position of nanoparticles and biomolecules as well as visualizing real‐time dynamics of nanoscale events in complex cellular environments. However, the quantification of iSCAT signals has not been straightforwardly defined in practical terms. We delve into several issues associated with signal processing in iSCAT: error‐prone post‐processing routine and lack of statistical reliability in the convention of iSCAT contrast. After providing a brief account of concepts and principles of correlation spectroscopy, we here discuss an alternative ensemble (higher number density of scatterers) statistical analysis that can be used to extract the dynamic information of scattering particles from fluctuating iSCAT signals. Finally, our perspective on the correlation approach toward time‐correlated iSCAT technique will be presented.
Digital orientation, digital eco‐innovation and circular economy in the context of sustainable development goals
Authors: Mishra Ruchi , Singh Rajesh Kr , Rana Nripendra P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigitalisation increasingly offers numerous opportunities for firms to integrate several environmental management practices into their day‐to‐day operations. Studies in the field of digital technology and circular economy (CE) have pointed out inherent tensions involved in the adoption of technology and CE practices. Firms often prioritise competing goals and prefer one over another, thereby underestimating their interdependent co‐existing relationships. In this context, the study addresses the following research questions: How does digital orientation facilitate digital eco‐innovation for CE‐linked sustainable development goals (SDGs)? What paradoxes do firms encounter while using digital eco‐innovation for CE‐linked SDG practices? What possible strategies could be used to overcome the various paradoxes associated with adopting digital eco‐innovation for CE‐linked SDG practices?Drawing from the paradox theory and using the SAP‐LAP model of inquiry, the study addresses research questions by applying a case study approach. The findings of a qualitative case study provide a novel perspective on digital eco‐innovation and CE literature. Unlike previous studies that deal with digital eco‐innovation and CE independently, the study primarily contributes to the literature by understanding how digital orientation contributes to digital eco‐innovation and the role of digital eco‐innovation in CE practices in the context of SDGs.
Ladle Furnace Slag: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Jacob Liya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLadle slag is a byproduct formed during the ladle refining stage of steel making. It is a dusty material that has been considered industrial waste. Technical advancements towards a sustainable industry led to the development of different applications for ladle slag. Depending on the processing methods during the steel slag production and the weathering of the slag post‐production, the elemental composition of the steel slag largely varies. Owing to this, its characteristics cannot be generalized and specific applications depending on the sources are developed. It is generally used in construction materials, soil rejuvenation, and CO2 capture. This paper reviews the production process, the mineralogical and morphological properties, stabilization techniques, and the applications of ladle furnace (LF) slag. One of the prime focuses of waste remediation and sustainable industry is to find meaningful ways to turn waste into products. In this respect, a comprehensive review of the properties of LF slag and its current application will help provide a framework for the development of future sustainability goals. With increased slag usage, the ladle refining process of steelmaking can be turned into a more carbon‐neutral process.
Coenzyme A Thioester Intermediates as Platform Molecules in Cell‐Free Chemical Biomanufacturing
Authors: Ducrot Laurine , López Idania L. , Orrego Alejandro H. , López‐Gallego Fernando 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe in vitro synthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA)‐thioester intermediates opens new avenues to transform simple molecules into more complex and multifunctional ones by assembling cell‐free biosynthetic cascades. In this review, we have systematically cataloged known CoA‐dependent enzyme reactions that have been successfully implemented in vitro. To faciliate their identification, we provide their UniProt ID when available. Based on this catalog, we have organized enzymes into three modules: activation, modification, and removal. i) The activation module includes enzymes capable of fusing CoA with organic molecules. ii) The modification module includes enzymes capable of catalyzing chemical modifications in the structure of acyl‐CoA intermediates. And iii) the removal module includes enzymes able to remove the CoA and release an organic molecule different from the one activated in the upstream. Based on these reactions, we constructed a reaction network that summarizes the most relevant CoA‐dependent biosynthetic pathways reported until today. From the information available in the articles, we have plotted the total turnover number of CoA as a function of the product titer, observing a positive correlation between both parameters. Therefore, the success of a CoA‐dependent in vitro pathway depends on its ability to regenerate CoA, but also to regenerate other cofactors such as NAD(P)H and ATP.
Pneumoscrotum with extensive subcutaneous emphysema in traumatic perineal injury: A case report
Authors: Siddiqui Tariq , Peralta Ruben , Ibnas Muhamed , El‐Menyar Ayman , Al‐Thani Hassan , Rizoli Sandro 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe present a rare case of pneumoscrotum with subsequent subcutaneous emphysema in penetrating perineal injury with a tangential wound. It is important to diagnose the underlying disease and treat the cause. An examination under anesthesia is crucial for the diagnosis and management of the set of injuries.AbstractPneumoscrotum with subcutaneous emphysema in traumatic perineal injuries is an alarming sign and may indicate life‐threatening intraabdominal injuries or necrotizing fasciitis. We reported a case of pneumoscrotum and extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the abdomen and chest 2 days after admission. Pneumoscrotum was not seen on the initial Computerized tomographic scan.
External fetus in fetu presenting in the second trimester: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Ying , Xu Le , Beejadhursing Rajluxmee , Chen Suhua 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageFetus in fetu (FIF) is a rare congenital anomaly that originates from various sites of the host twin's body. The clinical manifestations of FIF are diverse and the location and size of FIF indicate the degree of threat, which may directly affect the prognosis. A 33‐year‐old woman presented at the hospital with an abdominal mass in her fetus. Prenatal ultrasound observed that mass included soft tissue, bone‐like structures, and fluid. Immature cartilage, nerve tissue, muscle tissue, and glands in the parasitic fetus without signs of neoplastic lesions were reported by histological examination. CNV (copy number variation) and WES (whole exome sequencing) did not detect any abnormal mutations. FIF can continue to grow with gestational age or host infant growth. So complete resection is essential for improving the outcome of the host twin. It is also important that long‐term follow‐up is recommended to monitor any residual or recurrent cysts or malignancies.
The use of advanced‐platelet rich fibrin (A‐PRF) in the management of medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): A case report
Authors: Asfour Maan Ahmad Rafik , Aljoujou Abeer Ahmad , Saifo Maher Sadik , Jabban Haya A. L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMedication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a serious debilitating disease resulting from long‐term treatment with Antiresorptive drugs such as Bisphosphonates or Denosumab, which significantly affects patients' quality of life. A 43‐year‐old female patient with stage 4 breast cancer and treated with Zoledronic Acid for bone metastases was referred to the Department of Oral Medicine at the Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University. The main complaint was pain in the right maxilla. Intraoral examination showed an exposure of necrotic bone in the right maxillary region with presence of purulent exudate. The treatment plan was discussed with the patient. Treatment included resection of all necrotic bone and application of Advanced platelet‐rich fibrin (A‐PRF) clots and membranes. Follow‐up and outcome were conducted by clinical measures to assess healing and recurrence (6‐month follow‐up). Topical treatment with A‐PRF demonstrated a reduction in pain and resulted in complete wound healing within 30 days. A‐PRF stimulates the release of growth factors and chemotaxis involved in tissue repair mechanisms. This method seemed to be effective in the treatment of MRONJ.
Separation and simultaneous estimation of enantiomers and Diastereomers of muscarinic receptor antagonist Solifenacin using stability‐indicating Normal‐phase HPLC technique with chiral stationary phase amylose tris‐(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)
Authors: Vadagam Niroja , Haridasyam Sharath Babu , Venkatanarayana Muvvala , Lakka Narasimha S. , Chinnakadoori Sanjeeva R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe R,S‐enantiomer impurity and diastereomer impurities (S,S‐isomer and R,R‐isomer) of the solifenacin (S,R‐enantiomer) were effectively separated and quantified simultaneously utilizing normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with a chiral stationary phase consisting of amylose tris (3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) coated on silica‐gel (Chiralpak, AD‐H). The enantiomeric and stereo‐selective separation was achieved within a run time of 35 minutes using a mobile phase of ‘n‐hexane, ethanol, and diethylamine’ in an isocratic elution mode with a detection wavelength of 220 nm. The validation attributes assessed were accuracy (which showed excellent recoveries between 97.5% and 100.4%) and linearity (which was proven in the range of 0.081–1.275 μg.mL−1, with a linear regression of 0.999). The stress testing experiments proved that the developed methodology by the HPLC technique has stability‐indicating characteristics, as all closely eluting peak pairs were separated well with a resolution of 2.3 and without any interference. The proposed methodology was highly efficient in separating and simultaneously determining the chiral impurities (enantiomers and diastereomers) of the solifenacin in the release and stability sample analyses of drug substances and tablets in pharmaceutical formulations.
Heterogeneous catalysts, reaction kinetics, and reactor designs for methanol production from carbon dioxide: A critical review
Authors: Wang Xuguang , Liu Yaxin , Li Xue , Liu Dianhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe process of preparing methanol from carbon dioxide is one of the ways to solve the environmental problems caused by greenhouse gases, the problem of fossil energy depletion, and the problem of fuel exhaust emissions. However, after decades of development, the process of preparing methanol from carbon dioxide is still unable to achieve large‐scale industrialization. This critical review sharply points out the problems and obstacles that need to be solved urgently on the industrialization road of carbon dioxide methanol preparation process and summarizes its progress. The problems faced by the methanol production industry from carbon dioxide are first the thermodynamic constraints, second the lower reaction rate and conversion effect, and finally the energy loss. In order to solve these problems, this paper first introduces the active sites, structural effects, and dynamic changes of copper‐based catalysts, as well as the unique reaction mechanism and doping modification of indium‐based catalysts. Zinc and zirconium promoters and some metal oxide supports can form unique interactions with active components to improve the catalytic performance of the catalyst. Next, various kinetic models and applications of methanol production from carbon dioxide are summarized, which is an important bridge linking laboratory and industrialization; the advantages and disadvantages of fixed bed reactor and paddle reactor were compared. Finally, the full text is summarized and prospected.
Application of AMR in evaluating microvascular dysfunction after ST‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Hao , Wu Qi , Yang Lang , Chen Long , Liu Wen‐Zhong , Guo Jun , Xu Jing‐Song 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundA guidewire‐free angiography‐derived microcirculatory resistance (AMR) derived from Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) exhibits good diagnostic accuracy for assessing coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), but there are no relevant studies supporting the specific application of AMR in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The study aims to evaluate CMD in patients with STEMI using the AMR index.MethodsThis study included patients with STEMI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from June 1, 2020 to September 28, 2021. All patients were divided into two groups: the CMD (n = 215) and non‐CMD (n = 291) groups. After matching, there were 382 patients in both groups.1‐year follow‐up major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were evaluated.ResultsAfter matching, the primary endpoint was achieved in 41 patients (10.7%), with 27 and 14 patients in the CMD and non‐CMD groups, respectively (HR 1.954 [95% CI 1.025–3.726]; 14.1% versus 7.3%, p = .042). Subgroup analysis revealed that 18 patients (4.7%) were readmitted for heart failure, with 15 and 3 in the CMD and non‐CMD groups, respectively (HR 5.082 [95% CI 1.471–17.554]; 7.9% versus 1.6%, p = .010). Post‐PCI AMR ≥ 250 was significantly associated with a higher risk of the primary endpoint and was its independent predictor (HR 2.265 [95% CI 1.136–4.515], p = .020).ConclusionThe retrospective use of AMR with a cutoff value of ≥250 after PCI in patients with STEMI can predict a significant difference in the 1‐year MACE rates when compared with a propensity score‐matched group with normal AMR.
Asthma is associated with increased severity and duration of rhinitis: A study with the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma classes in the Constances cohort
Authors: Savouré Marine , Bousquet Jean , Leynaert Bénédicte , Ribet Céline , Goldberg Marcel , Zins Marie , Jacquemin Bénédicte , Nadif Rachel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew population‐based studies have described allergic rhinitis (AR) according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification, and none have assessed the impact of asthma on this classification. Our aims were to 1) describe AR according to four ARIA classes and 2) within each of the four ARIA classes, compare participants with AR alone versus those with AR and asthma.MethodsCross‐sectional analyses were performed using data from the 2014 annual follow‐up questionnaire of the French adult population‐based cohort Constances. Current AR was defined by the report of sneezing, runny, or blocked nose in the last 12 months and the report of nasal allergies. Following ARIA recommendations, rhinitis was classified according to its severity (mild or moderate‐severe) and duration (intermittent or persistent). Ever asthma was also defined by a questionnaire.ResultsAmong the 4675 participants with AR (57% women, mean age 50.2 ± 12.7 years), 44% were classified as mild/intermittent, 16% mild/persistent, 25% moderate‐severe/intermittent, and 15% moderate‐severe/persistent. Within each of the four ARIA classes, compared to participants with rhinitis alone, participants with rhinitis and asthma had significantly more severe symptoms, more conjunctivitis, a higher mean eosinophil count and more treatments with intra‐nasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamines co‐medication.ConclusionsThis is a paradigm shift study as for the first time this large population‐based study in adults showed that asthma status has a profound effect on the ARIA classification. Rhinitis alone and rhinitis with asthma represent two distinct phenotypes. These results reinforce the need to include asthma status in the ARIA classification and guidelines.
Stackelberg game‐based task offloading in mobile edge computing‐enabled hierarchical multi‐coalition unmanned aerial vehicle networks
Authors: Gong Yamei , Tian Jie , Li Xuran , Liu Qingde , Li Tiantian , Bian Ji 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) coalition networks have been widely used in emergency mission scenarios. The introduction of the mobile edge computing (MEC) paradigm into multi‐coalition UAV networks further improves the mission processing performance of UAV coalitions. In this paper, we investigate the problem of minimizing total task processing delay of UAV members in MEC‐enabled coalition‐based UAV networks. First, we propose a hierarchical offloading model in which multiple UAV heads decide its position selection strategy and multiple UAV members decide its offloading strategy when offloading tasks to UAV heads. Considering data arrival from multiple UAV member nodes at each UAV head, the first come first served (FCFS) queuing model is introduced when the UAV head processes tasks from members. Second, the hierarchical offloading delay minimization problem is formulated as a multi‐leader multi‐follower Stackelberg game. The existence of a Stackelberg equilibrium (SE) is proved by showing that multi‐leader subgame and multi‐follower subgame are exact potential games (EPGs) with Nash equilibrium (NE). We design a best response‐based hierarchical iterative offloading algorithm to solve SE. Finally, the simulation results show that the performance of the proposed scheme is better than that of other benchmark methods and the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the total delay for all UAV members.
Body mass index, weight change in midlife, and dementia incidence: the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study
Authors: Tashiro Miwa , Yasuda Nobufumi , Inoue Manami , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Tsugane Shoichiro , Sawada Norie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONInsufficient evidence exists on the sex‐specific associations of body mass index (BMI) and weight change through midlife with dementia incidence, especially in Asian populations.METHODSFor 37,414 Japanese residents aged 40 to 59 years, BMIs at baseline (year 1990 or 1993) and 10‐year follow‐ups were obtained. Weight changes between baseline and 10‐year follow‐ups were determined. Disabling dementia incidence from 2006 to 2016 was ascertained using long‐term care insurance (LTCI) certifications. Hazard ratios (HRs) were computed.RESULTSIncreased dementia risk was observed with obesity at baseline and with underweight at 10‐year follow‐ups. Weight loss after baseline was at greater risk than weight gain. No sex difference was observed.DISCUSSIONIn both sexes, obesity in midlife increased the risk of developing dementia with increasing impacts of weight loss after midlife. A healthy body weight throughout adulthood is beneficial for dementia prevention.Highlights
Obesity in midlife is a risk factor for incident dementia.
Weight loss is a bigger risk factor than weight gain in later midlife.
Association of BMI and weight change in midlife with dementia does not vary by sex.
Novel sulfonamide‐phosphonate conjugates as carbonic anhydrase isozymes inhibitors
Authors: Bekheit Mohamed S. , Sabry Eman , Mohamed Hanan A. , Ewies Ewies F. , Kariuki Benson M. , Fouad Marwa A. , Vullo Daniela , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe three‐components one‐pot Kabachnik‐Fields reaction of sulfapyridine, diethyl phosphite, and aldehyde under thermal catalysis reaction condition in the presence of bismuth (III) triflate as a catalyst afford the corresponding sulfonamide‐phosphonates (3a−3p) in good to excellent yields (78%−91%). The structures of the new synthesized compounds were elucidated and confirmed by variable spectroscopic studies. Single crystal X‐ray studies for 3a, 3d, and 3i verified the proposed structure. The newly developed sulfonamide‐phosphonates were evaluated for their inhibitory properties against four isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA I, II, IX, and XII). The results demonstrated that they exhibited greater potency in inhibiting hCA XII compared to hCA I, II, and IX, with Ki ranging from 5.1 to 51.1 nM. Compounds 3l and 3p displayed the highest potency, exhibiting selectivity ratios of I/XII >298.7 and 8.5, and II/XII ratios of 678.1 and 142.1, respectively. Molecular docking studies were conducted to explore their binding patterns within the binding pocket of CA XII. The results revealed that the sulfonamide NH group coordinated with the Zn2+ ion, and hydrogen bond interactions were observed with residue Thr200. Additionally, hydrophobic interactions were identified between the benzenesulfonamide phenyl ring and Leu198. Compounds 3p and 3l exhibited an additional hydrogen bonding interaction with other amino acid residues. These supplementary interactions may contribute to the enhanced potency and selectivity of these compounds toward the CA XII isoform.
Tracing growth patterns in cod (Gadus morhua L.) using bioenergetic modelling
Authors: Funk Steffen , Funk Nicole , Herrmann Jens‐Peter , Hinrichsen Hans‐Harald , Krumme Uwe , Möllmann Christian , Temming Axel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding individual growth in commercially exploited fish populations is key to successful stock assessment and informed ecosystem‐based fisheries management. Traditionally, growth rates in marine fish are estimated using otolith age‐readings in combination with age‐length relationships from field samples, or tag‐recapture field experiments. However, for some species, otolith‐based approaches have been proven unreliable and tag‐recapture experiments suffer from high working effort and costs as well as low recapture rates. An important alternative approach for estimating fish growth is represented by bioenergetic modelling which in addition to pure growth estimation can provide valuable insights into the processes leading to temporal growth changes resulting from environmental and related behavioural changes. We here developed an individual‐based bioenergetic model for Western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua), traditionally a commercially important fish species that however collapsed recently and likely suffers from climate change effects. Western Baltic cod is an ideal case study for bioenergetic modelling because of recently gained in‐situ process knowledge on spatial distribution and feeding behaviour based on highly resolved data on stomachs and fish distribution. Additionally, physiological processes such as gastric evacuation, consumption, net‐conversion efficiency and metabolic rates have been well studied for cod in laboratory experiments. Our model reliably reproduced seasonal growth patterns observed in the field. Importantly, our bioenergetic modelling approach implementing depth‐use patterns and food intake allowed us to explain the potentially detrimental effect summer heat periods have on the growth of Western Baltic cod that likely will increasingly occur in the future. Hence, our model simulations highlighted a potential mechanism on how warming due to climate change affects the growth of a key species that may apply for similar environments elsewhere.