bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower myostatin and higher MUC1 levels are associated with better response to mepolizumab and omalizumab in asthma: a protein–protein interaction analyses
Authors: Akenroye Ayobami , Nopsopon Tanawin , Cho Laura , Moll Matthew , Weiss Scott T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Biomarkers are needed to inform the choice of biologic therapy in patients with asthma given the increasing number of biologics. We aimed to identify proteins associated with response to omalizumab and mepolizumab.

Methods
Aptamer-based proteomic profiling (SomaScan) was used to assess 1437 proteins from 51 patients with moderate to severe asthma who received omalizumab (n = 29) or mepolizumab (n = 22). Response was defined as the change in asthma-related exacerbations in the 12 months following therapy initiation. All models were adjusted for age, sex, and pre-treatment exacerbation rate. Additionally, body mass index was included in the omalizumab model and eosinophil count in the mepolizumab model. We evaluated the association between molecular signatures and response using negative binomial regression correcting for the false discovery rate (FDR) and gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) to identify associated pathways.

Results
Over two-thirds of patients were female. The average age for omalizumab patients was 42 years and 57 years for mepolizumab. At baseline, the average exacerbation rate was 1.5/year for omalizumab and 2.4/year for mepolizumab. Lower levels of LOXL2 (unadjusted p: 1.93 × 10E−05, FDR-corrected: 0.028) and myostatin (unadjusted: 3.87 × 10E−05, FDR-corrected: 0.028) were associated with better response to mepolizumab. Higher levels of CD9 antigen (unadjusted: 5.30 × 10E−07, FDR-corrected: 0.0006) and MUC1 (unadjusted: 1.15 × 10E−06, FDR-corrected: 0.0006) were associated with better response to omalizumab, and LTB4R (unadjusted: 1.12 × 10E−06, FDR-corrected: 0.0006) with worse response. Protein–protein interaction network modeling showed an enrichment of the TNF- and NF-kB signaling pathways for patients treated with mepolizumab and multiple pathways involving MAPK, including the FcER1 pathway, for patients treated with omalizumab.

Conclusions
This study provides novel fundamental data on proteins associated with response to mepolizumab or omalizumab in severe asthma and warrants further validation as potential biomarkers for therapy selection.
Preventive effect of intermittent cerebrospinal fluid drainage for secondary chronic hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Yamanaka Tomoyasu , Nishikawa Yusuke , Iwata Takashi , Shibata Teishiki , Uchida Mitsuru , Hayashi Yuki , Katano Hiroyuki , Tanikawa Motoki , Yamada Shigeki , Mase Mitsuhito 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of intermittent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage compared with that of continuous CSF drainage in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains undetermined to date. Therefore, we investigated whether intermittent CSF drainage is effective in reducing secondary chronic hydrocephalus (sCH) after aneurysmal SAH.

Methods
Overall, 204 patients (69 men and 135 women) treated for aneurysmal SAH between 2007 and 2022 were included in this study. Following SAH onset, 136 patients were managed with continuous CSF drainage, whereas 68 were managed with intermittent CSF drainage. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the age-adjusted and multivariate odds ratios for the development of sCH. The Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to compare the effects of intermittent and continuous CSF drainage on sCH development.

Results
Overall, 96 patients developed sCH among the 204 patients with SAH. In total, 74 (54.4%) of the 136 patients managed with continuous CSF drainage developed sCH, whereas 22 (32.4%) of the 68 patients managed with intermittent CSF drainage developed sCH. This demonstrated that the rate of sCH development was significantly lower among patients managed with intermittent CSF drainage. Compared with continuous CSF drainage, intermittent CSF drainage exhibited a multivariate odds ratio (95% confidential interval) of 0.25 (0.11–0.57) for sCH development. Intermittent CSF drainage was more effective (0.20, 0.04–0.95) in patients with severe-grade SAH than in those with mild-grade SAH (0.33, 0.12–0.95). Intermittent CSF drainage was ineffective in patients with acute hydrocephalus (8.37, 0.56–125.2), but it was effective in patients without acute hydrocephalus (0.11, 0.04–0.31).

Conclusions
Compared with continuous CSF drainage, intermittent drainage is more effective in reducing sCH after aneurysmal SAH. Although intermittent drainage was ineffective in cases of co-occurrence of acute hydrocephalus, it was effective in reducing sCH development regardless of the severity of initial symptoms at SAH onset.
Clinical characteristics of suicidal behavior in first hospitalization and drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Sun Xianzhi , Yin Lili , Zhang Yingying , Liu Xuebing , Ma Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a major and common cause of suicide. The purpose of this article is to report the clinical characteristics and patterns of co-morbid suicidal behavior (SB) in first hospitalized and drug-naïve MDD patients.

Methods
A total of 345 patients with first hospitalization and drug-naïve MDD with SB were included in this study, while 183 patients without SB were included as a control group. We collected socio-demographic, general clinical data and common biochemical indicators of all participants and assessed their clinical symptoms.

Results
Compared to patients without SB, MDD with SB had more severe clinical symptoms and worse metabolic indicators. Duration of disease, depressive symptom scores, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels was risk factors for SB and its number.

Conclusions
MDD patients with SB suffered more severe clinical symptoms and worse metabolic indicators, and risk factors for SB in this population were identified, which may provide beneficial insight and reference for clinical prevention and intervention of SB in MDD patients.
Prokineticin 2 is a catabolic regulator of osteoarthritic cartilage destruction in mouse
Authors: Yang Jiye , Shin Youngnim , Kim Hwee-Jin , Kim Hyo-Eun , Chun Jang-Soo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Our preliminary study indicates that the multi-functional protein, prokineticin 2 (Prok2), is upregulated in osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes as a target of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α. This study aims to elucidate the potential roles of Prok2 in OA.

Methods
Prok2 expression was assessed through microarray analysis in chondrocytes and confirmed via immunostaining in OA cartilage. Experimental OA was induced through destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Functions of Prok2 were assessed by adenoviral overexpression, intra-articular (IA) injection of recombinant Prok2 (rProk2), and knockdown of Prok2 in joint tissues. We also explored the potential utility of Prok2 as an OA biomarker using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
HIF-2α upregulated Prok2, one of the prokineticin signaling components, in OA chondrocytes of mice and humans. Adenoviral overexpression of Prok2 in chondrocytes and cartilage explants, as well as the application of rProk2, led to an upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)3 and MMP13. Consistently, the overexpression of Prok2 in joint tissues or IA injection of rProk2 exacerbated cartilage destruction and hindpaw mechanical allodynia induced by DMM. However, the knockdown of Prok2 in joint tissues did not significantly affect DMM-induced cartilage destruction. Additionally, despite being a secreted protein, the serum levels of Prok2 in OA mice and human OA patients were found to be below the range detected by ELISA.

Conclusion
The upregulation of Prok2 exacerbates OA cartilage destruction and hindpaw mechanical allodynia. However, its knockdown is not sufficient to inhibit experimental OA and Prok2 is not a potential candidate serum biomarker of OA.
Metabolic Evidence on Vintage Effect in Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Plants
Authors: Mozumder N. H. M. Rubel , Hwang Kyeong Hwan , Lee Min-Seuk , Kim Eun-Hee , Hong Young-Shick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent metabolomics studies have reported diverse metabolites of tea depending on tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars, cultivation conditions and geographical location. However, these studies were limited the effects of these conditions on metabolome of tea leaves in a single year. We explored the year-to-year variations in leaf metabolome of two tea (C. sinensis) cultivars over a period of five successive years from 2015 to 2019 to determine vintage tea products, such as in grapes or wines, and showed a clear metabolic differentiations of fresh tea leaves. Also, the best conditions of climate were suggested through an association of rainfall and sun-expose time with the metabolism of theanine in taste- or flavor-rich tea cultivar and of catechin compounds in EGCG3″Me-rich tea cultivar, thereby providing the potential vintage tea tailored to the cultivar. Since vintage wine is derived from grapes grown in a year under good climatic conditions, which provides high quality of wine in the best year, the current result highlights important information relevant to tea metabolome associated with climatic conditions in a specific year and the manufacture of vintage tea with unique quality.
Graphical Abstract
Accurate image derived input function in [18F]SynVesT-1 mouse studies using isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine anesthesia
Authors: Miranda Alan , Bertoglio Daniele , Staelens Steven , Verhaeghe Jeroen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Kinetic modeling in positron emission tomography (PET) requires measurement of the tracer plasma activity in the absence of a suitable reference region. To avoid invasive blood sampling, the use of an image derived input function has been proposed. However, an accurate delineation of the blood pool region in the PET image is necessary to obtain unbiased blood activity. Here, to perform brain kinetic modeling in [18F]SynVesT-1 dynamic scans, we make use of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to unmix the activity signal from the different tissues that can contribute to the heart region activity, and extract only the left ventricle activity in an unbiased way. This method was implemented in dynamic [18F]SynVesT-1 scans of mice anesthetized with either isoflurane or ketamine–xylazine, two anesthestics that we showed to affect differently radiotracer kinetics. The left ventricle activity (NMF-IDIF) and a manually delineated cardiac activity (IDIF) were compared with arterial blood samples (ABS), and for isoflurane anesthetized mice, arteriovenous (AV) shunt blood data were compared as well. Finally, brain regional 2 tissue compartment modeling was performed using IDIF and NMF-IDIF, and the model fit accuracy (weighted symmetrical mean absolute percentage error, wsMAPE) as well as the total volume of distribution (VT) were compared.

Results
In isoflurane anesthetized mice, the difference between ABS and NMF-IDIF activity (+ 12.8 $$\pm$$
±
11%, p = 0.0023) was smaller than with IDIF (+ 16.4 $$\pm$$
±
9.8%, p = 0.0008). For ketamine–xylazine anesthetized mice the reduction in difference was larger (NMF-IDIF: 16.9 $$\pm$$
±
10%, p = 0.0057, IDIF: 56.3 $$\pm$$
±
14%, p < 0.0001). Correlation coefficient between isoflurane AV-shunt time activity curves and NMF-IDIF (0.97 $$\pm$$
±
0.01) was higher than with IDIF (0.94 $$\pm$$
±
0.03). The brain regional 2TCM wsMAPE was improved using NMF-IDIF compared with IDIF, in isoflurane (NMF-IDIF: 1.24 $$\pm$$
±
0.24%, IDIF: 1.56 $$\pm$$
±
0.30%) and ketamine–xylazine (NMF-IDIF: 1.40 $$\pm$$
±
0.24, IDIF: 2.62 $$\pm$$
±
0.27) anesthetized mice. Finally, brain VT was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher using NMF-IDIF compared with IDIF, in isoflurane (3.97 $$\pm$$
±
0.13% higher) and ketamine–xylazine (32.7 $$\pm$$
±
2.4% higher) anesthetized mice.

Conclusions
Image derived left ventricle blood activity calculated with NMF improves absolute activity quantification, and reduces the error in the kinetic modeling fit. These improvements are more pronounced in ketamine–xylazine than in isoflurane anesthetized mice.
The Impact of Excessive Body Weight and Foot Pronation on Running Kinetics: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jafarnezhadgero Amir Ali , Jahangirpour Azin , Parsa Hamed , Sajedi Heidar , Granacher Urs , Souza Oliveira Anderson 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Running exercise is an effective means to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition. Besides these health benefits, running is also associated with musculoskeletal injuries that can be more prevalent in individuals with excessive body weight. Little is known regarding the specific effects of overweight and foot pronation on ground reaction force distribution during running. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of overweight/obesity and foot pronation on running kinetics.

Methods
Eighty-four young adults were allocated to four experimental groups: non-excessive body weight/non-pronated feet; non-excessive body weight/pronated feet; overweight or obesity/ non-pronated feet and overweight or obesity/pronated feet. Biomechanical testing included participants to run at ~ 3.2 m/s over an 18-m walkway with an embedded force plate at its midpoint. Three-dimensional ground reaction forces were recorded and normalized to body mass to evaluate running kinetics from 20 running trials. Test–re-test reliability for running speed data demonstrated ICC > 0.94 for each group and in total.

Results
The results indicated significantly lower vertical impact peak forces (p = 0.001, effect size = 0.12), shorter time to reach the vertical impact peak (p = 0.006, effect size = 0.08) and reduced vertical loading rate (p = 0.0007, effect size = 0.13) in individuals with excessive body weight (overweight or obesity/non-pronated feet group and overweight or obesity/pronated feet) compared with individuals non-excessive body weight (non-excessive body weight/non-pronated feet and non-excessive body weight/pronated feet). Moreover, the excessive body weight groups presented lower peak braking (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.06) and propulsion forces (p = 0.003, effect size = 0.09), lower medio-lateral loading rate (p = 0.0009, effect size = 0.12), and greater free moments (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.07) when compared to the non-overweight groups. Moreover, a significant body mass by foot pronation interaction was found for peak medio-lateral loading rate. Non-excessive body weight/pronated feet, excessive body weight/non-pronated feet and excessive body weight/pronation groups presented lower medio-lateral loading rates compared to non-excessive body weight/non-pronated feet (p = 0.0001, effect size = 0.13).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that excessive body weight has an impact on ground reaction forces during running. We particularly noted an increase in medio-lateral and torsional forces during the stance phase. Individuals with excessive body weight appear to adapt their running patterns in an effort to attenuate early vertical impact loading.
The impacts of family planning and HIV service integration on contraceptive prevalence among HIV positive women in Tanzania: a comparative analysis from the 2016/17 Tanzania HIV impact survey
Authors: Timoth Saitoti , Machange Jane , Karino Kilaye , Mtenga Sally , Mkopi Abdallah , Levira Francis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Prevention of unplanned pregnancies through modern contraceptives among HIV-positive women is one of the essential strategies for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Family planning and HIV services integration is a national strategy designed to scale-up modern contraceptives among HIV-positive women. This study aims to evaluate the success of a service integration strategy by comparing the prevalence of modern contraceptive use among HIV-positive women receiving ART within integrated services and those not on integrated services (HIV-negative women and HIV-positive women unaware of their status).

Methods
We used data from the Tanzania HIV impact survey (THIS) of 2016/17. THIS provided HIV counselling and testing with a return of results in over 30,000 adults over 15 years of age. Women tested positive self reported their enrollment into ARV with further confirmation through laboratory analysis for any detectible ARV in their blood. All non-pregnant women reported their contraceptive use. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the effect of accessing integrated services controlling for potential confounders.

Results
A total of 14,986 women were included in the analysis; HIV-positive women were 1,066 and HIV-negative women were 13,830. Modern contraceptive use prevalence was 35% among HIV-positive women and 30% among HIV-negative women. Among HIV-positive women, those enrolled in integrated services (ART) had a higher prevalence of modern contraceptive (40%) compared to HIV-positive women unaware of their status (27%, p-value = 0.0014). The most common contraceptive methods in HIV-positive women were injectables (32%) and male condoms (31%), while in HIV-negative women, injectables (39%) and implants (30%, n = 1032) were the most preferred methods. Among HIV-positive women, enrolment into integrated services (currently on ART) demonstrated an increase in the odds of modern contraceptives by 85% (AOD = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.27–2.71).

Conclusion
This study found relatively low modern contraceptive use among HIV-positive women in the general population despite the existance of service integration program and guidelines to guide its implementation.Our study therefore calls for the evaluation on the implementation of the integration programme to identify factors that constrain or facilitate programme effectiveness.
Surgical management, use and efficacy of adjuvant dyes in idiopathic epiretinal membranes: a systemic review with network meta-analysis
Authors: Quiroz-Reyes Miguel A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Erick A. , Quiroz-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Lima-Gomez Virgilio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a nonvascular fibrocellular tissue formed by cellular metaplasia and proliferation at the vitreoretinal surface and is generally treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of all available ERM removal interventions and assessed the use and efficacy of surgical dyes in managing idiopathic ERMs.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the US National Library of Medicine were searched (June 28, 2023). Clinical studies that included patients with ERMs were included. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were also appraised using Cochrane risk of bias (ROB).

Results
Ten RCTs and ten non-RCTs were included in this study. A pairwise meta-analysis between ERM removal and combined ERM and ILM removal showed no significant difference in visual outcome (change in BCVA) 1 year postintervention (MD = − 0.0034, SE = 0.16, p = 0.832). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the central macular thickness postoperatively between the two groups (MD = − 4.95, SE = 11.11, p = 0.656) (Q = 4.85, df = 3, p = 0.182, I2 = 41.21%). The difference in ERM recurrence between the groups was also not statistically significant (OR = 4.64, p = 0.062, I2 = 0). In a network meta-analysis, there was no significant difference in visual outcomes between ERM removal only and other treatment modalities: combined ILM and ERM removal (MD = 0.039, p = 0.837) or watchful waiting (MD = 0.020, p = 0.550). In a network meta-analysis, there was no significant difference in the visual outcomes between ERM removal alone and dye-stained combined ERM and ILM peeling (MD = 0.122, p = 0.742 for brilliant blue G; BBG and MD = 0.00, p = 1.00 for membrane blue-dual; MBD). The probability of being a better surgical dye for better visual outcomes was 0.539 for the MBD group and 0.396 for the BBG group. The recurrence of ERM was not significantly different when the ILM was stained with any of the dyes. No study was judged on ROB assessment as having low ROB in all seven domains.

Conclusion
The two types of surgical modalities provided comparable efficacy, with no significant differences between the outcomes. Among the dye-assisted ILM peeling methods, the membrane blue-dual dye was the most effective in providing better structural and functional outcomes.
Gulewamkulu institutional and organizational factors influencing community development projects in the area of T.A. Chauma in Dedza District, Malawi
Authors: Mtuta Anthony Gilbert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of the study is to analyze Gulewamkulu organizational and institutional factors and how they can influence community development projects in the area of TA (TA: Traditional Authority). Chauma, Dedza District, in Malawi. Gulewamkulu is a secret society in the Chewa ethnic group in Malawi. It is also found in Mozambique and Zambia. Gulewamkulu has been recognized as an indigenous cultural institution that promotes socio-cultural, economic, and political development by the international and local communities. Despite this recognition, Gulewamkulu has not yet been fully integrated into community development projects. The results of the study showcased that Gulewamkulu institutional factors such as principles (p-value of 0.000), rules (p-value of 0.041), power (p- value of 0.028), loyalty to leaders (p-value of 0.000), and disciples (p-value of 0.012) are significant and can influence the achievement of different community development projects. The study therefore recommends that Gulewamkulu be involved in community development projects in its areas. Community development agencies should develop policies that allow the participation of Gulewamkulu in different community development projects.
Attitudes of Swiss psychiatrists towards cannabis regulation and medical use in psychiatry: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Strube Constantin , Comazzi Renato Davide , Löwinger Dimitri , Auer Reto , Moggi Franz , Pfeifer Philippe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Changes in regulation for cannabis for nonmedical use (CNMU) are underway worldwide. Switzerland amended the law in 2021 allowing pilot trials evaluating regulative models for cannabis production and distribution. Simultaneously, cannabis for medical use (CMU) in psychiatry is a growing issue, asked for by patients and being discussed by medical professionals.

Methods
From December 2021 to February 2022, we conducted an online survey of psychiatrists in Switzerland. The survey comprised questions on attitudes towards regulative models for CNMU and towards prescribing CMU for mental disorders.

Results
We contacted 2010 psychiatrists in Switzerland. A total of 274 (14%) participated in the survey. Sixty-four percent agreed to a regulated legalization of CNMU, and 89% would welcome pilot trials in Switzerland assessing models for regulating CNMU with those from a French-speaking region being more skeptical. Forty-nine percent of psychiatrists agree that CMU might have a therapeutic effect in mental disorders, but 50% agree that there is not enough scientific evidence yet. Participants working in an inpatient setting or in a French-speaking region as well as those with a longer duration of practice were more skeptical on CMU for mental health.

Conclusions
Most surveyed Swiss psychiatrists favor the regulation of CNMU and the conduct of pilot trials. Despite little evidence and potential negative consequences, many participating Swiss psychiatrists agreed that cannabis could be efficacious in the treatment of some mental disorders advocating for more research in this topic.