bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing of gray scale &unenhanced power Doppler ultrasound in differentiation of malignant & begin palpable breast lesions :Does vascularity in power Doppler correlate with lymph node status?
Authors: Majeed Hameed Amjaad 
Published: January 2024

US (ultrasound) is currently one of the main diagnosing breast disease .In gay scale US there are typical characteristic features of benign & malignant mass. Used of power Doppler has also been exploited in aiding the benign & malignant differentiation of solid masses.
1.The purpose of this study was to investigate sensitivity of gray scale US features in differentiating benign from malignant solid breast masses .2.To evaluate the role of power Doppler imaging to differentiate benign & malignant solid breast masse & how power Doppler findings correlate with lymph node involvement .
The study involved 55 female present with breast lesion , in Department of Diagnostic radiology in AL Dewanyia teaching hospital refered from breast centre in period July 2008 â€“ January 2010 , the inclusion criteria was the presence of breast lesion, undergo surgery , exclusion criteria female with breast lesion & refused surgery. Tempt was made to categories lesions as benign , malignant by using US criteria & power Doppler correlate this findings with pathological results .A total of 55 female patients with solid breast mass. Mean age was (44year ) . Size of breast lesion range from 1-6cm , most common sit of the tumor was upper lateral quadrant in both malignant & benign breast mass. Comparison of US & histological findings was made , this enable to calculate sensitivity (90%) of gray scale ultrasound , sensitivity of power Doppler was 70% & majority of malignant tumors (78%) that demonstrate vascularity in power Doppler showed axillary lymph node invasion . Power Doppler sonography should be considered together with the established criteria in gray scale ultrasound. Further study is indicated by using more advanced procedures like enhanced power Doppler US(using levovist) to increase sensitivity of US.
Effect of montelukast on progression of atherosclerosis
Authors: M Sultan Ahmed , R Hadi Najah , I. Mohammad Bassim 
Published: January 2024

Objective: this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of montelukast on the progression of atherosclerosis. Materials and methods: A total of 28 local domestic rabbits were assigned into four groups: Group I (normal control), Group II (atherogenic control), Group III (vehicle control),Group IV (montelukast 1.5 mg\kg daily). Blood samples were collected at the end of experiment (8 weeks) for measurement of serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH). Immunohistochemical analysis (VCAM-1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î±) and histopathologic assessment of aortic atherosclerotic changes were also performed.
Results: Compared to NC, levels of lipid profile, atherogenic index, hsCRP, and MDA are increased while GSH were decreased in animals on atherogenic diet (p< 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that aortic expression of VCAM 1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î± were significantly increased in AC group compared to NC group (p<0.001). Histopathologic finding showed that animals on atherogenic diet have significant atherosclerotic lesion compared to NC group. Compared to AC group montelukast donâ€™t have significant effect on lipid profile. Montelukast causes statistically significant reduction in hsCRP and MDA (p<0.05). Montelukast treatment causes significantly increase the level of GSH. Montelukast treatment significantly reduced aortic expression of VCAM-1, MCP-1, and TNF-Î± (p<0.005). Histopathologic examination of aortic arch showed that montelukast significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion (p<0.005).Conclusions: It thus can conclude that montelukast reduces lipid peroxidation, systemic inflammation and aortic expression of inflammatory markers used in this study and hence reduce the progression of atherosclerosis.
Extremities Trauma in Emergency Unit of Al-karama Hospital-Alkut city- Wassit province
Authors: K. Abbas Hikmet , H. Shemal Aseel 
Published: January 2024

Extremity wounds compose the burden of injury in Emergency Unit in Alkarama hospital and there is a great need for research to improve the treatment of patient who incur these devastating injuries.Objective: The aim of this project was to define the epidemiological profile of the patients attended in Emergency Unit in Al-karama hospital regarding the upper and lower limb trauma.Methods: Authors and trained assistants collected data with aid of a simple proforma was designed to collect basic demographic data , type of accident,type of injury in general, type of management , site of injury in the body, place of management and the last result of this management, A total number of 189 cases were included in this study. The period of the present study extended from October 1, 2010 to February 1, 2011.Results: Most cases of this present study were male (67.7%) . The commonest causes of trauma admissions were musculoskeletal injuries to the extremities (41.8%). RTA are the major cause of extremity trauma (31.7%) . This study shows that trauma of the upper limb is (63.5%) . (52.9% ) of present study were managed in surgical ward. According to faith of the patient,the present study show that (55.5%) had complet healing
Conclusion: Extremity wounds compose the burden of injury in Emergency Unit in Al-karama hospital.So in conclusion the demands of providing quality affordable emergency surgical services in the setting of a developing country are enormous and will continue to rise . There must be adequate government support as well institutional commitment to the development of its human and structural resources to meet these needs .
Evaluation of antioxidant vitamins (A and C) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: O. AL-Muhammadi Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

Background: The antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin C functions as the first line antioxidant defense against free oxygen radicals present primarily in the plasma. Examination of antioxidants in patients with tuberculosis may identify deficiencies that predispose to severe oxidant injury. However, our knowledge of the antioxidant profile and its relation to tuberculosis patients is scarce, particularly in developing countries.Aim: This study aims to estimate some vitamins antioxidant ,Vitamin A and C in both male and female patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Patients and Methods: The present study included 26 patients (14 males and 12 females) affected with pulmonary tuberculosis. Their ages from 29-72 years in male patients and in female patients from 22-65 years. Twenty four healthy controls(12 males and 12 females) their aged from 23 â€“ 67 years in male and in female from 23 - 60 were also included in this study. Study was under taken to evaluate the level of antioxidants like vitamin A and vitamin C in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Results: There is a statistically significant changes in vitamins antioxidant in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in compared with healthy control. These results of serum vitamins A and C are significantly ( p < 0.001 ) decrease in both male and female pulmonary tuberculosis patients in comparison with healthy control.Conclusion: The levels of non-enzymic antioxidants such as Vitamin A, and vitamin C in serum were significantly depleted in the pulmonary tuberculosis infected subjects when compared with control. There is a strong association between vitamin A and vitamin C deficiency and malnutrition in these patients , as well as a correlation between several indexes of malnutrition and low concentrations of antioxidants may suggest the involvement of low food intake and nutrient malabsorption in the generation of oxidative stress in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio & cervical length for prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery in threatened preterm labour
Authors: M. Mubark Amal , Saad Zeiny Luma , M. Sadiq Alaa 
Published: January 2024

Background: Being able to predict preterm birth is important, as it may allow a high-risk population to be selected for future interventional studies. As inflammation represents a crucial pathogenic process of preterm delivery, the aim of this study is to define the role of serum inflammatory markers in the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery & to combine these markers with cervical length to increase the diagnostic accuracy.Methods: Eighty pregnant women with threatened preterm labour (group I) were compared with 40 women at term (group II (, subdivided into 2 subgroups (20 of them were not in labour & the other 20 were in labour). Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) & C-reactive protein (CRP) level were measured & compared for all study subjects. For group I, transvaginal cervical length was measured & combined marker (defined as NLR divided by the cervical length) was estimated & they were subdivided into: (group Ia) who delivered before 37 weeks (n=30) & (group Ib) who delivered at term (n=50.)Results: The levels of NLR (P<0.001), CRP (P<0.016) in group Ia were significantly different from those in group Ib & they were also significantly higher in group IIa than in group IIb (P<0.001). The cervix length (P< 0.001) & combined marker (P<0.001) in group Ia were significantly different from those of group Ib. It has been shown that the combined marker has higher sensitivity (65%) & specificity (87%) for prediction of preterm delivery, as compared to cervical length or systemic inflammatory markers each alone .Conclusions Combined marker is useful for identifying women at risk of preterm delivery in patients with threatened preterm labour .
Findings of magnetic resonance imaging of lumbosacral spine in chronic lower back pain
Authors: Hasan Obaid Al.Shami Jabir , Majeed Hameed Amjaad 
Published: January 2024

*Background :Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbar spine is a safe and painless scan that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce detailed pictures of the lumbar spine (the bones, disks, and other structures in the lower back), MRI of the lumbar spine can be useful in evaluating symptoms such as lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, tingling or weakness or problems with bladder and bowel control. It can also help to diagnose tumors, bleeding, swelling, developmental or structural abnormalities and infections or inflammatory conditions in the vertebrae or surrounding tissues.
Aim of study :To detect the cause of chronic lower back pain in patients referring from different departments in our hospital like Orthopaedics, Rheumatology , Surgery & neurology. *Patients & method : About 50 patients selected from February 2011 to December 2011 all of them are complaining from chronic lower back pain referring from different departments. Average age from 23 to 70 year, 31 were male &19 were female, the patients were classified according to their age, sex, occupation, past history of trauma, medical disease & previous surgery.
*Results Twenty sex of patients (52%) were diagnosed as a PIVD (prolapsed intervertebral discs) at the level of L4-5 & L5-S1, ten(20%) of them diagnosed as degenerative disease of the discs, five patients (10%) diagnosed as Straitening of Spine ( Muscular Spasm), 2 (4%) of them diagnosed as secondary metastases in L1& 2 vertebral bodies, 3 (6%) of them diagnosed as infected disk with gibbus deformity in lower dorsal spines & 4 (8%) had normal lumbosacral spine .
*Conclusion: 1.High incidence of abnormal MRI study in patients with chronic low back pain .
2.Highest percent of patients with chronic back pain had disc herniation follow by other pathology .
The Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Patients with Melasma
Authors: MH Al-Shamma Yesar , Abed Hadi Al-Wakeel Hadi , Jawad Mahdi  Al-Awadi Iman 
Published: January 2024

Background: Melasma is an acquired hyper pigmentation disorder recognized by blotchy, light-to-dark brown color macules distributed symmetrically in the sun-exposed parts in the body especially the face due to multiple causing factors including hormonal imbalance.
Aim of study: To detect the pravelance of thyroid disorderes in iraqi patients with melasma and its effect on cardiovascular variables, and to detect the relationship between autoimmune thyroid disorders with melasma.
Materials and methods :The design of the study is a case control study which included 122 subjects (82 melasma patients and 40 control group) where eighty two consenting patients (8 male and 74 female) clinically diagnosed to have melasma and aged 15-45 years (32.05Â±8.51 years) were included in the study, and fourty healthy volunteer of controls group are included in the study aged 15-45 years (31.6Â±8.35 years). The males and females were classified into three age groups for each one, fifteen years interval was considered to be suitable for classifying subjects. Patients were investigated for levels of (T3,T4,TSH,TgAb,and TPO).
Results: Melasma were more common in females than males . Also thyroid autoimmunity were more common in females than males. There was no significant difference in (heart rate, blood pressure, mean blood pressure, pulse pressure, and double product) between patients of melasma and control groups. The melasma group value of TSH is significantly higher than that of control group and also the melasma group value of both TgAb, and TPO are significantly higher than that of control group .While no significant difference in T3 and T4.
Conclusion: There were considerable association between melasma and autoimmune thyroid disorders, mostly in females.
Gene Expression of Biofilm Regulatory Protein A (Brp A) in Streptococcus mutans Isolated from Oral Cavity
Authors: H. Al-hamadani Adnan , K. Al-Yasiri Rahi , Ahmed shihad Nizar 
Published: January 2024

A total of 100 oral swabs were collected from patients suffering from dental caries and priodontal infections, ranging from 15-65 years old of both genders whom admitted to the Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Special Center of Dentistry within the period from December 2012 to March 2013, in order to quantify the gene expression of biofim regulatory protein (Brp A) in Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) isolates by using the Real Time polymerase chain reaction. The gene expression of biofilm regulatory protein A(Brp A) was quantified in comparison with housekeeping gene 16s rRNA as a reference gene of biofilm S.mutans by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The results revealed that the expression (absolute) of BrpA gene is decreased in the test treatment (S.mutans with 1% glucose+ 50% curcumine) in comparison with control (S.mutans grown in 1% glucose only).
In conclusion, the present study established the role of Brp A gene in biofilm formation and recommended to possibility of using the curcumine as adddative material in composition of toothpaste due to their inhibitory and reduction effect on biofilm S.mutans isolates.
Detection of Serotype Gene of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Different Clinical Cases of Hospitalized Infections in Al-Diwaniya city
Authors: H. Al Hamadani Adnan , K. Al Khafaji Hazem , S.Abed Ahmed 
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to identify serotype of Klebsiella Pneumonia isolated from different clinical cases of hospitalized infections( urinary tract infection, respiratory infection, burns & wounds) by using polymerase chain reaction(PCR).A total of 110 clinical specimens from in-patients with nosocomial infections(including 47 respiratory infection,37 UTI , burns & wound infections 26) in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital during the period from December 2012 –March 2013 were collected. K. Pneumonia isolated from 35.4% of the specimens distributed as 18.18% sputum specimens,10.90% urine specimens & 6.36% burns & wounds specimens.
K1,K2,K5,K20,K54 & K57 serotypes of K. Pneumonia were successfully detected in multiplex PCR.The results revealed that 28 specimens(25.4%) were type able including 7 positive K1(Amplicon size 1046bp) serotype isolates ( 4 from sputum,2 from urine & 1 from burn), 6 positive of K2(Amplicon size1121) serotype isolates (3 from urine,2 from sputum & 1 from wound),3 positive for K5(Amplicon size 999bp) serotype isolates( 2 from sputum & 1 from urine),2 positive for K20(Amplicon size 1116bp) serotype isolates from urine 2 positive of K54(Amplicon size 881bp) serotype isolates were one from sputum & the other from urine& finally 8 positive of K57(Amplicon size 1182bp) serotype isolates(4 from sputum,2 from urine & 2 from burns & wounds).
However, among 11 (10%) specimens, K. Pneumonia were non type able.
This study revealed that there were predominance of K1,K2 & K57 serotype isolates in sputum, urine burns & wounds of patients with nosocomial infections.
Cultivation of Entamoeba species in Lockâ€™s -egg medium and differentiation of E.moshkoviskii ,E.dispar and Ehistolytica by using single round polymerase chain reaction
Authors: N.AL-Shamari Ma'ani , Sh.alkafaji Arshed , M. Alwaily Abbas 
Published: January 2024

The genus Entamoeba contains many species, three of which are identical (Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii ) reside in the human intestinal lumen. Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis and mortality worldwide in humans. Although recent studies highlight the recovery of E. dispar andE. moshkovskii from patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. The cultivation of three identical Entamoeba species was done successfully in Lockâ€™s-egg medium , a high number of trophozoite were found in culture .these three identical Entamoeba species did not differentiation by using microscope .but the devolution of scientific they could differentiation by using PCR technique when extraction the DNA in stool samples by using specific bands and primers
Evaluation of the applicability and usefulness of Myocardial Performance Index in predicting the development of heart failure in comparison with other cardiac indices
Authors: Kadhim Abood AL-Hamdany Ahlam 
Published: January 2024

Back ground: The myocardial performance (MPI) is a combined index of systolic and diastolic dysfunction and has been shown to be a predictor of cardiovascular outcome in heart diseases.
Aim : Evaluate the role of MPI in assessment of heart failure in comparison with other echocardiographic parameters. Methods : By M-mode echocardiography, measurement of ejection fraction (EF) and stroke volume (SV) had been done, then measurement of left ventricular mass (LVM ) by measurement of left ventricular internal dimension in diastole (LVIDd) and systole (LVIDs), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWTd), and interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd). Left ventricular mass (LVM) was calculated from the measurements of the left ventricle (LV) using the equation: LVM (g) = 0.81 [1.04 (interventricular septal thickness + posterior wall thickness + LV end-diastolic internal dimension)3 â€“ (LV end-diastolic internal dimension)3] + 0.6. Left ventricular mass index calculated by dividing LVM on body surface area. Measurement of MPI by the apical five-chamber view with Doppler study . the sum of the isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and isovolumic contraction time (IVCT) divided by the left ventricular ejection time (LVET) obtained from the left ventricular inflow and outflow. Results: The percentage of abnormal MPI in this study is about 82% (normal value is 0.39Â±0.05) in comparison to EF and SV which are 39% and 54.2% respectively. MPI showed weak but negative correlation with EF and SV ( r = -0.163, -0.044) respectively, and positive correlation with LVM and LVMI (r = 0.416 , 0.413) respectively. EF showed negative correlation with LVET, IVCT and IVRT( r = -0.03 , -0.028 , -0.25 ) respectively . Conclusion : Use of MPI for assessing cardiac performance has a potential clinical advantage over the use of other classical echocardiographic indices
Evaluation of liquorice extract protective activity against organ damage induced by nandralone in mice.
Authors: Mansour jasim Adnan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS) standing between the drugs most widely abused with the goal of improving athletic ability, appearance or muscle mass. NandroloneDecanoate (N.D) is being abused commonly by athletes and coaches. physicians should be aware of their harmful side effects .Liquorice extract consider important medical plant due to rich in antioxidants, Flavonoids, phenolic and alkaloids that supports the general health of the body. Thirty male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, each with 6 animals. Group (1) was given 0.5 ml distilled water/day (vehicle) and kept as control normal. mice of group (2) were injected with 15mg/kg bw. three times weekly, group 3,4 received injected with 15mg/kg of nandralone three times weekly(TID) with 100 and 300 mg/kg orally of Liquorice extract while group 5 given liquorice extract 300 mg/kg and study was persistence for 8 weeks. Results reveal that normal control live sperm record of 83.66%±2.43 , while other groups showed sharply decrease in group N .D to 32.83% ±5.18 , while groups N.D –LI-300, N.D –LI-100 and LI showed there is no significant differences between groups at (P < 0.0001) (64.16% ±3.15, 68%±2.35 , 60.83% ±3.51) respectively .Dead sperm parameters record highly significant increase in all groups injected with nandralone and extract (65.50%±6.09 , 35.66%±3.16, 35.33%±2.30, 40.83%±3.15 ) as compared with control (18%± 3.62) which showed low percent of dead sperm. Nandralone injected female show there is low number of birth with small size and length .Histological study showed that N.D group cause severe destruction in all body organ (liver, kidney ,heart ,lung and reproductive system) ,in actually liquorice extract with high dose N.D –LI-300 have less protective activity to modulate N.D toxicity there is only prominent improvement in lung tissue include formation hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue with mild changes showed increase interstitial space between seminiferous tubules in testes , on the other aspect liquorice in low dose N.D –LI-100 reveal improvement in histological of tissue organ specially in lung and tests such as stimulated of lymphoid tissue hyperplasia and increase in the germinal cell and spermatogenesis . other ways extract alone LI-300 showed improvement in tissue organ ( lung ,testes ,kidney ) but reveal some damage in liver and heart there for extract should be not used more than 10mg/kg b.w and contraindicated in patients with liver and heart problems.