bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis revealed FABP5 as a serum marker of metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Yang Zhiyu , Zhou Junru , Lu Di , Xia Qiaoyun , Luo Xiaoying , Sun Suofeng , Gao Shanjun , Zhou Bingxi , Han Shuangyin , Zhang Bingyong , Li Xiuling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: The pathogenesis of metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is very complex, which has not been fully revealed as so far. In our study, the third-generation ONT (Oxford nanopore technologies) sequencing platform was used to explore the key differentially expressed genes involved in the pathogenesis of MAFLD.
Methods: In the present study, we firstly fed male C57/BL6N mice with high fat and high fructose (HFHF) diet for 19 weeks to induce MAFLD model while setting up a normal diet control group (Chow). Secondly, we collected the liver tissues of the two groups and used the ONT technology to perform transcriptome analysis. Finally, we verified the sequencing results by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and measured the serum concentrations of fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) in mice and patients with MAFLD by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: By transcriptome analysis, we found that there were 400 differentially expressed genes between the two groups, 12 of which participated in lipid transport and metabolism. Furthermore, we discovered that the serum level of FABP5 decreased significantly in patients with MAFLD, compared with healthy controls.
Conclusion: Involved in lipid transport and metabolism, FABP5 could be used as a serum marker of MAFLD.
Shared genetic architecture of Genitourinary Cancer and Heart Failure
Authors: Jiang Hai Yang , Liu Ming Cheng , Xia Cheng Xing , Li Jun , Ou Yi Tian , Yang De Lin , Dong Jin-Tang , Bai Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Epidemiological and clinical investigations have established a robust correlation between Cancer and Heart Failure, with patients afflicted by either condition being at an elevated risk of developing the other.But the existence of a shared genetic etiology remains elusive.The objective was to ascertain the shared genetic between genitourinary cancer and heart failure.
Methods
Conducted a genetic association analysis between common genitourinary tumors and heart failure using genome-wide association study data. Identified the corresponding pleiotropic loci and genes through various statistical methods, and performed tissue and immune cell enrichment analyses for these pleiotropic genes. Furthermore, evaluated the causal relationship between them using two-sample Mendelian randomization.
Results
Identified significant shared genetic bases among Bladder, Endometrial, Kidney cancer and Heart failure. Specifically, discovered 5 shared genetic loci: rs10757277, rs1537372, rs543968, rs653178 and rs56094641. These loci are associated with related genes such as CDKN2B-AS1,ANRIL, ABO, ATXN2, and FTO. Furthermore, the genes CADM2,CELSR2 were identifiedgene. Pleiotropy was found to be significantly enriched in various tissues including prostate, cervix, testis intestinal-terminalileum et cetera. Additionally, a diverse range of immune cells were specifically enriched in these two types of diseases. Mendelian randomization analysis provided suggestive evidence for these findings.
Conclusions
Bladder, Endometrial,Kidney cancer and Heart failure have underlying mechanisms of shared genetic. Our results also suggest that the immune system plays an important role in these two types of diseases.These findings provide support for a shared genetic basis underlying both disease types and offer novel evidence for targeted therapeutic interventions against them.
No Causal Association Between Cholelithiasis and COVID-19: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Chang-Lei , Sun Ao , Shao Guan-Ming , Cao Jing-Yu , Wang Zu-Sen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Gallstone diseases and cholecystectomy are possibly associated with the severity of COVID-19 bidirectionally, yet the casual association remains unclear.
Method: Applying genome-wide association study summary statistics of primarily European individuals, we utilized 2-sample Mendelian randomization to estimate the bidirectional causal effects of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy on three COVID-19 phenotypes: SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization and severe COVID-19.
Results: Inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization results from the FinnGen consortium showed that none of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy was not causally associated with COVID-19 phenotypes, and vice versa. In addition, other methods including MR-Egger, weighted median, weight mode and simple mode exhibited approximate tendency as IVW. These results were all robust to sensitivity analysis.
Conclusion: The forward MR analysis showed no causally significant impact of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis and cholecystectomy on COVID-19 phenotypes. Similarly, reverse MR results also showed no causal association between COVID-19 and cholelithiasis events.
Glymphatic dysfunction in NAFLD patient: A preliminary magnetic resonance imaging study based on DTI-ALPS
Authors: Shu Kun , Song Jia-Wen , Huang Xiao-Yan , Ye Xin-Jian , Cui Shi-Han , Zhou Yong-Jin , Han Lu , Wu Peng , Yan Zhi-Han , Liu Kun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: Whether there are alterations in the glymphatic system (GS) of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate alterations in GS function in patients with NAFLD and explore the relationship of these alterations with cognition and clinical indicators.
Materials and Methods: Forty-three patients with pre-cirrhotic NAFLD (male: 37, mean age: 38.2 ± 6.7 years) and twenty-three age-, sex-, and education-matched controls (male: 17, mean age: 41.0 ± 6.7 years) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination and cognitive measurements. The DTI analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index, calculated from the DTI data, assessed differences in GS function between the two groups. Linear regression analysis examined the relationship between the ALPS index and Z-transformed cognitive scores. Spearman/Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for assessing the relationship of the ALPS index with clinical indicators.
Results: After adjusted for age, sex, and BMI, NAFLD patients exhibited significantly lower ALPS index and higher diffusivity of projection fibers in the direction of the y-axis than controls (both P < 0.001). In the NAFLD group, the ALPS index was significantly correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination score (beta [95% CI] = 2.123 [0.156, 4.091], P= 0.035) and the clock drawing score (beta [95% CI] = 4.233 [0.073, 8.393], P= 0.046) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and education level. In addition, there was a significantly positive correlation between the ALPS index and visceral adipose tissue (r = 0.353, P= 0.020) after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI in NAFLD patients.
Conclusion: Patients with NAFLD may exhibit glymphatic dysfunction prior to developing cirrhosis. Changes in the GS is associated with cognitive performance in NAFLD. These findings may contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in NAFLD patients.
Challenges in Prompt Identification and Surgical Correction of Marfan Syndrome Aortic Disease in a middle-income Country: A Case Series Study.
Authors: Velandia-Sánchez Alejandro , Polanía-Sandoval Camilo Andrés , Senosiain-González Julián , Álvarez-Martínez José Vicente , Gallo-Bernal Sebastian , Barrera-Carvajal Juan Guillermo , Umana Juan Pablo , Camacho-Mackenzie Jaime 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Marfan Syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease caused by pathogenetic variants in the FBN1 gene. The progressive dilatation of the aorta and the potential risk of acute aortic syndromes influence the prognosis of these patients. We aim to describe population characteristics, long-term survival, and re-intervention patterns in patients who underwent aortic surgery with a previously confirmed clinical diagnosis of Marfan Syndrome in a middle-income country.
Methods: A retrospective single-center case series study was conducted. All Marfan Syndrome patients who underwent aortic procedures from 2004 until 2021 were included. Qualitative variables were frequency-presented, while quantitative ones adopted mean ± standard deviation. A subgroup analysis between elective and emergent procedures was conducted. Kaplan-Meier plots depicted cumulative survival and re-intervention-free. Control appointments and government data tracked out-of-hospital mortality.
Results: 50 patients were identified. Mean age was 38.79 ± 14.41 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Common comorbidities included aortic valve regurgitation (66%) and hypertension (50%). Aortic aneurysms were observed in 64% without dissection and 36% with dissection. Surgical procedures comprised elective (52%) and emergent cases (48%). The most common surgery performed was valve-sparing root replacement, specifically the David procedure (64%), and the Bentall procedure (14%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 4%. Complications included stroke (10%), and acute kidney injury (6%). The average follow-up was 8.88 ± 5.78 years. Survival rates at 5, 10, and 15 years were 89%, 73%, and 68%, respectively. Reintervention rates at 1, 2.5, and 5 years were 10%, 14%, and 17%, respectively. The emergent subgroup was younger (37.58 ± 14.49 years), had the largest number of Stanford A aortic dissections, presented hemodynamic instability (41.67%), and had a higher requirement of reinterventions in the first 5 years of follow-up (p=0.030).
Conclusion: In our study, surveillance programs played a pivotal role in sustaining high survival rates and identifying re-intervention requirements. However, challenges persist, as 48% of the patients required emergent surgery. Despite not affecting survival rates, a greater requirement for reinterventions was observed, emphasizing the necessity of timely diagnosis. Enhanced educational initiatives for healthcare providers and increased patient involvement in follow-up programs are imperative to address these concerns.
Single-cell analysis identifies distinct populations of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs) linked to the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: Yang Xu , Wu Jianwei , Fan Longlong , Chen Binghua , Zhang Shiqiang , Zheng Wenzhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we systematically evaluated CD4+ T cell subtypes and investigated the correlation between tumor-specific cytotoxic CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CTLs) and the therapeutic efficacy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients.
Methods
The expression patterns of CD4+ T lymphocytes subtypes in RCC patients were systematically characterized using CD4+ T lymphocytes single-cell RNA sequencing, and verification via immunofluorescent staining techniques. Datasets of mRCC patients undergoing immunotherapy were analyzed to assess the synergistic role of CD4+ CTLs in predicting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The CD4+ CTLs signature score was derived from the CheckMate 009, 010, and 025 bulk RNA-seq datasets using CIBERSORTx algorithms.
Results
We found that cytotoxic CD4+ T cells accounted for a significant proportion among all CD4+ T lymphocyte sub-clusters in mRCC patients. Additionally, two distinct cytotoxic states, CD4+GZMK+ T cells with weak cytotoxic activity and CD4+GZMB+ T cells with strong cytotoxic activity, were identified in mRCC patients. Both regulatory T cells and CD4+ CTLs were derived from proliferating CD4+ T cells in mRCC tissues. Moreover, trajectory analysis showed that weak cytotoxic CD4+GZMK+ T cells differentiated from higher cytotoxic CD4+GZMB+ T cells. Higher CD4 + CTLs abundance group showed better prognosis in the CheckMate 009, 010, and 025 immunotherapy cohorts.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that intratumoral CD4+ CTLs may play a crucial role in anti-tumor immunity and could serve as a potential marker for predicting the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in mRCC patients.
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Gene Polymorphism (PCSK9) in Coronary Heart Diseases
Authors: Eldin Ahmed Mohammad Taki , Saeed Nancy Mahsoup , Osman Adel Mohammad , Almenshawy Ahmed Saad , El-Farahaty Reham Mohammed 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Genetic variation in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene has been identified as an important determinant of plasma LDL-C and the severity of coronary heart disease.
Aim
The aim of the study was to study the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PCSK9 E670G (rs505151) and CAD.
Patients andMethods
The present study is a case‒control study conducted on patients recruited from Internal Medicine Specialized Hospital (Cardiology Department), Mansoura University, from July 2019 to August 2020. One hundred patients with coronary heart disease, in addition to 100 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched subjects, were recruited from outpatient clinics to act as the control group (non-CAD).
Results
The AG genotype was significantly associated with higher TG than the AA genotype, while TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and non-HDL-C did not differ significantly between genotypes among the studied CAD groups. However, there was a nonsignificantly higher frequency of high risk levels of TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C in the AG genotype than in the AA genotype in CAD cases. Furthermore, no significant difference was found regarding family history, DM, hypertension, BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and non-HDL-C between the PCSK9 genotypes in the CAD group.
Conclusion
PCSK9 AG genotype and G allele carriers were significantly associated with a potential risk of CAD development. Furthermore, the presence of a risk allele could provide information regarding targeted preventive intervention (PCSK9 inhibitors).
Clinical study on the effect of malpositioned condylar reconstruction on temporomandibular joint
Authors: Wang Kexin , He Zongxuan , Yang Xiaochen , Shang Wei , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to propose the types of mandibular and condylar defects by analyzing the unsatisfactory cases of mandibular reconstruction in clinical practice, and to provide some clinical experience of reconstruction.
Materials and Methods: We innovatively proposed a "VSCU" classification system (V: vertical position, S: sagittal position, C: coronal position, U: condylar resection is not required) by analyzing CT scans of mandibular branches and temporomandibular joints.
Results: We classified 23 patients with unsatisfactory mandibular reconstruction according to the "VSCU" classification system. The most common type was U + V + SfC (n = 8), then V - SfC + U + (n = 4), V - s + C + U + (n = 3), V - sbcou - (n = 3), V - SBC + U + (n = 2), V - s + C + U - (n = 1). The most common classification was insufficient mandibular rami length, followed by condylar sagittal anteriorization.
Conclusion: Therefore, we propose to use the "VSCU" classification system for accurate three-dimensional analysis and positioning, and then obtain accurate models through CAD/CAM, which can reduce the occurrence of poor reconstruction effect and unreasonable joint position.
Estimate the prevalence of daily caffeine consumption, Caffeine Use Disorder, Caffeine Withdrawal and harm in Iran: A cross-sectional Study
Authors: Abdoli Fatemeh , Davoudi Mohammadreza , Momeni Fereshteh , Djafari Farhang , Dolatshahi Behrouz , Hosseinzadeh Samaneh , Aliyaki Hajar , Khalili Zahra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction
: One of the informal diagnoses in DSM-5 is Caffeine Use Disorder (CUD). Recent studies found that CUD and high levels of caffeine consumption could impact a large amount of the population. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of CUD, caffeine consumption, caffeine-related harms, and related psychiatric symptoms in Iran.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample of 1228 adults was conducted in Iran. Caffeine consumption was assessed across 20 products. Caffeine Use Disorder Questionnaire (CUDQ), Caffeine Withdrawal Symptoms Questionnaire (CWSQ), 14-item Caffeine-related Harm Screening (CHS), and Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) were used in the present study.
Results
The daily average caffeine consumption was 146.67mg. The prevalence of CUD and caffeine withdrawal (CW) were estimated at 19.5% and 46.62%, respectively. Also, 12.9% of responders received CUD and CWs simultaneously. The prevalence of CUD was higher in men than females (25.08% vs. 13.93%). 95% of participants (n = 1166) reported using at least one caffeine product yesterday. Moreover, the most reported caffeine-related harms were the desire for sugar (42.9%), insomnia (39.3%), and caffeine dependence (38.3%). Age significantly correlates with CUD (-.07) and daily caffeine intake (0.08). Moreover, all SCL-90 subscales had a significant correlation with daily caffeine intake. Finally, responders at younger ages reported higher levels of CUD and caffeine consumption than older adults(P < 0.05).
Conclusion
High rates of CW and CUD in the Iranian population suggest that it is necessary to develop evidence-based treatments.
The value of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in predicting the response and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma to concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: 平 鹏彬 , Li Juan , Xu Xiaoying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, abnormalities in plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have been proven to be related to the risk of cancer, but their prognostic value for cancer is not clear. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the response and prognostic significance of plasma omega-3 PUFAs in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between omega-3 PUFAs and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag).
Methods
The 89 patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT were evaluated retrospectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent predictors related to complete response (CR) after CCRT. A Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analysis were utilized to perform survival analysis.
Results
After univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, a high level of plasma EPA was independently correlated with an increased incidence of CR after CCRT (odds ratio (OR), 0.980; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.962–0.999, P = 0.038). With a median follow-up of 41.3 months, the CSCC patients in the high EPA (≥ 58.0 nmol/mL) group exhibited longer OS and PFS. In the multivariate analysis, pretreatment plasma EPA was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT (hazard ratio (HR), 0.249; 95% CI, 0.079–0.780, P = 0.017). However, it was not an independent prognostic factor of OS. Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between pretreatment SCC-Ag (pre SCC-Ag) and EPA (r =-0.305, P = 0.004), and a weak negative correlation between posttreatment SCC-Ag (post SCC-Ag) and EPA (r =-0.251, P = 0.018).
Conclusion
Plasma omega-3 PUFAs are related to the response and survival outcome of patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT. Pretreatment plasma EPA may be a promising biomarker to predict the response and prognosis of patients with CSCC who undergo CCRT. In addition, the pretreatment plasma EPA level presented a negative correlation with the SCC-Ag level.
Cosmic Ionizing Radiation Exposures on Aircraft and its Impact depending on some definite selected paths
Authors: Seoud Mohamed Saad , Shams Hasan M. , Salama Safwat 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The assessment of the exposure to cosmic radiation onboard aircraft is one of the preoccupations of bodies responsible for radiation protection. Cosmic particle flux is significantly higher onboard aircraft than at ground level and its intensity depends on the solar activity. The dose is usually estimated using codes validated by the experimental data. In this paper, a comparison of the radiation dose on 30 one-way flights between Kuwait and Egypt was organized. A survey meter IMI Inspector Alert model (IA-V2) Geiger Counter, as well as personal dosimeter detectors [(EPD) and (RAD-60S / RADOS)], were used in this work. Good agreement was observed for instruments determining the different components of the radiation field; the mean ambient dose equivalent for the one-way flying was 8.4 µSv and Absorbed Dose rate was 3.6 µSv/hr. The agreement of values obtained for the total dose obtained by measurements and by calculations is very satisfying.
Evaluation of effect of ketamine combined with different sedative and anesthetic drugs in children's short surgery
Authors: Zheng Xiangli , Fu Qiang , Lu Liangyuan , Zhang Qianqian , Yang Zhanmin , Lin Yanjun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To study anesthesia effect and safety of ketamine combined with dexmedetomidine in short surgery in children.
Methods
Selected 60 cases of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I ~ II grades, children with short surgery, aged 2 ~ 7 years, weighing 10 ~ 30kg, and divided into three groups according to random double-blind method, 20 cases in each. All patients received intramuscular injection of ketamine 4–5 mg • kg", atropine 0.01 mg • kg" and midazolam 0.05 mg • kg" before operation. After child enters operating room, he/she will be given oxygen inhalation by mask with oxygen flow rate of 1 ~ 2L/min, and establish a venous pathway. He/she will be given 10% glucose injection 100ml intravenous drip. A: ketamine 1.5 mg • kg "was given intravenously before skin incision, and same amount of normal saline was continuously pumped intravenously; B: ketamine 1.5 mg • kg was given intravenously before skin incision, and dexmedetomidine was pumped intravenously at a load of 0.5µg • kg for 15 min, and then operation was completed at a speed of 0.25 pg • kg • h '; C: Ketamine 1.5 mg/kg was given intravenously before skin incision, and dexmedetomidine was pumped intravenously at a load of 1µg • kg for 15 min, then operation was completed at a speed of 0.5 pg • kg • h '. During operation, 1.5 mg • kg ketamine was given intravenously and intermittently according to degree of anesthesia and surgical stimulation of children. During perioperative period, ECG, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation (\(Sp{O_2}\)) of children were continuously monitored, and dose of ketamine added during operation, postoperative waking time and sedation degree score (Ramsay sedation score), as well as preoperative and postoperative blood glucose values were recorded.
Results
There was no change in \(Sp{O_2}\) during perioperative period; The MAP and HR increased during perioperative period. Compared with increase of MAP and HR, A > B > C, but no difference between A and B, and a difference between A and C; Compared with dosage of additional phenone, dosage of A was much higher than B and C; The Ramsay sedation scores of children after operation showed that A < B < C; The recovery time of children in C was longer than A and B; Compared blood glucose changes before and after operation, A was higher than B and C.
Conclusion
Dextrmedetomidine pumped with 0.5µg · kg load and 0.25µg · kg maintenance can reduce occurrence of restlessness after ketamine operation without respiratory inhibition, and has no effect on recovery time after operation, and can inhibit stress of hand operation to a certain extent. It can be safely used for anesthesia of children's short operation.