bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of microsatellite instability and mismatch repair gene mutations in breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Seitz Susanne , Waβmuth Peter , Plaschke Jens , Schackert Hans K. , Karsten Uwe , Santibanez‐Koref Mauro‐F. , Schlag Peter M. , Scherneck Siegfried 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAt present, there is conflicting evidence whether microsatellite instability (MSI) plays a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Here we describe for the first time an MSI+ phenotype in two breast cancer cell lines, CAL51 and MT‐3, resembling that observed in colorectal cancers. These cell lines are characterized by near‐diploid and hyperdiploid karyotypes, respectively. We detected MSI in these cell lines within two non‐coding (BAT‐25 and BAT‐26) and within coding repeat sequences of genes known to be mutated in MSI+ cancer (TGFBR2, IGF2R, BAX). We provide evidence that the inactivation of MMR genes is responsible for MSI in these cell lines. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prenatal origin of TEL‐AML1–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children born in California
Authors: McHale Cliona M. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Zhang Luoping , Ma Xiaomei , Buffler Patricia A. , Guo Weihong , Loh Mignon L. , Smith Martyn T. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of childhood cancer. The peak incidence of ALL between ages 2 and 5 is accounted for by one subtype, referred to as common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL). About 25% of cALL patients have the TEL‐AML1 gene fusion derived from the t(12;21) chromosomal translocation. Recent evidence from retrospective analysis of neonatal blood spots (Guthrie cards) in Europe has demonstrated that this chromosome translocation may arise prenatally. The aim of our study was to determine whether TEL‐AML1 fusions arise prenatally in a U.S. population of cALL patients. TEL‐AML1–positive cALL cases (n = 14) were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the genomic breakpoints were identified by a streamlined long‐distance PCR approach and sequenced. Clonotypic primers were designed for each patient breakpoint, and a nested PCR assay was used to determine the presence of the TEL‐AML1 fusion sequence in neonatal Guthrie cards. Seven of 14 cases demonstrated clonotypic sequences on the archival Guthrie cards. The oldest patient that was positive was 6.7 years old at the time of diagnosis of leukemia. These results confirm previously published findings of a prenatal origin of TEL‐AML1 in Europe by demonstrating its occurrence in a California‐born population. Secondary changes were also similar to those described previously, with deletion of the second TEL allele being the most common. Other secondary changes included duplication of the fusion gene, trisomy 21, and monosomy X. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetics of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans family of tumors: From ring chromosomes to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment
Authors: Sirvent Nicolas , Maire Georges , Pedeutour Florence 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DP) is a rare, slow‐growing, infiltrating dermal neoplasm of intermediate malignancy, made up of spindle‐shaped tumor cells often positive for CD34. The preferred treatment is wide surgical excision with pathologically negative margins. At the cytogenetic level, DP cells are characterized by either supernumerary ring chromosomes, which have been shown by using fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques to be derived from chromosome 22 and to contain low‐level amplified sequences from 17q22‐qter and 22q10–q13.1, or t(17;22), that are most often unbalanced. Both the rings and linear der(22) contain a specific fusion of COL1A1 with PDGFB. Similar to other tumors, the COL1A1‐PDGFB fusion is occasionally cryptic, associated with complex chromosomal rearrangements. Although rings have been mainly observed in adults, translocations have been reported in all pediatric cases. DP is therefore a unique example of a tumor in which (i) the same molecular event occurs either on rings or linear translocation derivatives, (ii) the chromosomal abnormalities display an age‐related pattern, and (iii) the presence of the specific fusion gene is associated with the gain of chromosomal segments, probably taking advantage of gene dosage effects. In all DP cases that underwent molecular investigations, the breakpoint localization in PDGFB was found to be remarkably constant, placing exon 2 under the control of the COL1A1 promoter. In contrast, the COL1A1 breakpoint was found to be variably located within the exons of the α‐helical coding region (exons 6–49). No preferential COL1A1 breakpoint and no correlation between the breakpoint location and the age of the patient or any clinical or histological particularity have been described. The COL1A1‐PDGFB fusion is detectable by multiplex RT‐PCR with a combination of forward primers designed from a variety of COL1A1 exons and one reverse primer from PDGFB exon 2. Recent studies have determined the molecular identity of “classical” DP, giant cell fibroblastoma, Bednar tumor, adult superficial fibrosarcoma, and the granular cell variant of DP. In approximately 8% of DP cases, the COL1A1‐PDGFB fusion is not found, suggesting that genes other than COL1A1 or PDGFB might be involved in a subset of cases. It has been proposed that PDGFB acts as a mitogen in DP cells by autocrine stimulation of the PDGF receptor. It is encouraging that inhibitory effects of the PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase antagonist imatinib mesylate have been demonstrated in vivo; such targeted therapies might be warranted in the near future for treatment of the few DP cases not manageable by surgery. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fusion of FIG to the receptor tyrosine kinase ROS in a glioblastoma with an interstitial del(6)(q21q21)
Authors: Charest Alain , Lane Keara , McMahon Kevin , Park Julie , Preisinger Elizabeth , Conroy Helen , Housman David 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe transmembrane proto‐oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ROS is an orphan receptor that is aberrantly expressed in neoplasms of the central nervous system. Here, we report the fusion of its carboxy‐terminal kinase domain to the amino‐terminal portion of a protein called FIG (Fused in Glioblastoma) in a human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). By characterizing both FIG and ROS genes in normal and in U118MG GBM cells, we determined that an intra‐chromosomal homozygous deletion of 240 kilobases on 6q21 is responsible for the formation of the FIG‐ROS locus. The FIG‐ROS transcript is encoded by 7 FIG exons and 9 ROS‐derived exons. We also demonstrate that the FIG‐ROS locus encodes for an in‐frame fusion protein with a constitutively active kinase activity, suggesting that FIG‐ROS may act as an oncogene. This is the first example of a fusion RTK protein that results from an intra‐chromosomal deletion, and it represents the first fusion RTK protein isolated from a human astrocytoma. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of aiding and feedback in improving visual search performance for an inspection task
Authors: Chabukswar Samir , Gramopadhye Anand K. , Melloy Brian J. , Grimes Laurence W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of providing online feedback, process, and process plus performance on visual search performance for a printed circuit board inspection task. A training aid was developed that provided process and process plus performance feedback and enabled a comparison between the two feedback strategies. Two search strategies—search by area and search by component—were adopted to complete the task, and their sensitivity to the type of feedback and search performance was evaluated. Providing process plus performance feedback helped in improving speed and accuracy, whereas area search strategy proved beneficial in improving search speed for both feedback strategies. Graphical feedback on the component location helped in locating more component defects than area defects. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 115–136, 2003.
Evaluation of best system performance: Human, automated, and hybrid inspection systems
Authors: Jiang Xiaochun , Gramopadhye Anand K. , Melloy Brian J. , Grimes Laurence W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRecently, 100% inspection with automated systems has seen more frequent application than traditional sampling inspection with human inspectors. Nevertheless, humans still outperform machines in most attribute inspection tasks. Because neither humans nor automation can achieve superior inspection system performance, hybrid inspection systems where humans work cooperatively with machines merit study. In response to this situation, this research was conducted to evaluate three of the following different inspection systems: (1) a human inspection system, (2) a computer search/human decision‐making inspection system, and (3) a human/computer share search/decision‐making inspection system. Results from this study showed that the human/computer share search/decision‐making system achieve the best system performance, suggesting that both should be used in the inspection tasks rather than either alone. Furthermore, this study looked at the interaction between human inspectors and computers, specifically the effect of system response bias on inspection quality performance. These results revealed that the risky system was the best in terms of accuracy measures. Although this study demonstrated how recent advances in computer technology have modified previously prescribed notions about function allocation alternatives in a hybrid inspection environment, the adaptability of humans was again demonstrated, indicating that they will continue to play a vital role in future hybrid systems. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 137–152, 2003.
Awareness support for asynchronous engineering collaboration
Authors: Xie Yunlong , Salvendy Gavriel 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis study addresses collaboration awareness for asynchronous distributed engineering collaboration with computer‐aided design (CAD) browsers. An analysis of the characteristics of asynchronous collaboration identified the information that needs to be presented. Two features for a CAD browser system, team member information enhancement and task information enhancement, were designed to improve collaborator and task awareness. An experiment was conducted to test the effectiveness of the new proposed features. The results of the experiment indicated the following. First, the enhancement of team member information and task information improved collaboration efficiency by 8.1 and 20.2%, respectively. Second, for asynchronous collaboration, the availability and workload of team members need to be presented rather than capturing and presenting dynamic information about team members. Third, the information about the status of each task, such as the progress, time passed, and dependability, needs to be enhanced for efficient collaboration. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 97–113, 2003.
Limiting design criteria framework for manual electronics assembly
Authors: Quintana Rolando , Hernandez‐Masser Vanesa 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe electronics assembly industry is mainly characterized by high‐mix, low‐batch production of components that are becoming more miniaturized. The concomitant formidable physical and mental demands placed on operators goes well beyond the traditional scope of manual assembly. This research provides a framework for the design of manual electronics assembly by identifying the limiting design criteria from a human factors perspective that affect productivity. Collecting and analyzing in vivo biomechanical and throughput data, which provided the basis for quantifying ergonomic risks and productivity ratios, validated the design criteria. An increase of 53 PC boards per shift was obtained, thereby minimizing biomechanical risk factors associated with manual electronics assembly. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 165–179, 2003.
Measurement of physical work capacity during arm and shoulder lifting at various shoulder flexion and ad/abduction angles
Authors: Kim Jung‐Yong , Chung Min‐Keun , Park Ji‐Soo 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to provide information on physical work capacity during arm and shoulder lifting at various shoulder flexion and ad/abduction angles. We measured the maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs) in 20 male participants during controlled one‐arm lifting. The lifting involved upward motion of the scapula at various shoulder angles. Simultaneously, the electromyographic (EMG) activity of 3 shoulder muscles and psychophysical workload were also recorded. The various measurements were compared to provide a multidimensional assessment of the physical work capacity of the shoulder at various working angles. In particular, 90 and 120 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of adduction, and 90 degrees of abduction were found to be the most vulnerable angles based on the measured MVCs. The average root mean square value of the EMG increased most significantly at 90 to 150 degrees of flexion and at 30 and 60 degrees of abduction. Slightly different measurements were compared to validate the results. In addition, a 3‐D static biomechanical model was used to show whether the estimated shoulder workload matched the measured physical capacity of the shoulder. In conclusion, these results may help ergonomists to identify shoulder angles associated with a relatively high risk of injury, and to match the workload with the physical capacity of the shoulder. Task‐specific information on shoulder work capacity is needed in the manufacturing and shipbuilding industries to protect workers from acute injuries and cumulative trauma disorders of the shoulder. Experimental results provide various data on shoulder work capacity during realistic multijoint arm and shoulder lifting, and should help lead to improvements in workplace ergonomic design. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 153–163, 2003.
A Novel Dimeric Podophyllotoxin‐Type Lignan and a New Withanolide from Withania coagulans
Authors: Nur‐e‐Alam M. , Yousaf Muhummed , Qureshi Samina , Baig Irfan , Nasim Shama , Atta‐ur‐Rahman  , Choudhary M. Iqbal 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA novel dimeric lignan, bispicropodophyllin glucoside (1) and a highly oxygenated new withanolide, coagulin S (2) were isolated from the ethanolic extract of Withania coagulans. The structures were established on the basis of the spectroscopic data and have been identified as (5S*,5aR*,8aR*,9S*,15S*,15aS*,18aS*,19S*)‐9,19‐di‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐5,8a,9,15,15a,18,18a,19‐octahydro‐5,15‐bis(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)bis([1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:6,7]naphtho)[2,3‐c:2,3‐h][1,6]dioxecin‐6,16(5aH,8H)‐dione (1) and (20S*,22R*)‐5α,6β,14α,15α,17β,20,27‐heptahydroxy‐1‐oxowith‐24‐enolide (2), respectively.
Stereoselective Access to γ‐Nitro Carboxylates, Precursors for Highly Functionalized γ‐Lactams
Authors: Meisterhans Christian , Linden Anthony , Hesse Manfred 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA straightforward synthesis of the enantiomerically pure nitro derivatives 31 and epi‐32, which are particularly useful intermediates for the synthesis of highly functionalized γ‐lactams, is presented. (+)‐(R)‐3‐Hydroxy‐3‐phenylpropanoic acid (20) and its ethyl ester 25 were prepared from (+)‐L‐mandelic acid (21). Condensation of 20 with pivalaldehyde furnished the novel enantiomerically pure 1,3‐dioxan‐4‐one 17, the absolute configuration of which was established by X‐ray crystal‐structure analysis. Treating the lithium enolate of 17 with the nitro alkene 18 led, in a Michael‐type addition, to a 1 : 1 mixture of two diastereoisomeric products. The stereocontrol of the addition was limited to the novel stereogenic center next to the lactone function. When the lithium enolate of 25 was treated with 18, the same selectivity was observed but with a lower chemical yield. Very facile separation of the isomers was achieved later in the synthetic sequence, when one isomer cyclized selectively to the nitro lactone 31, while the other one was isolated as hydroxy ester epi‐32. The relative configuration of racemic epi‐32 could be established by X‐ray crystal‐structure analysis.
Total Synthesis of (−)‐Lithospermoside
Authors: Josien‐Lefebvre Delphine , Le Drian Claude 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe total synthesis of the naturally occurring noncyanogenic cyanoglucoside (−)‐lithospermoside (1) was achieved starting from optically pure oxatrinorbornenone (+)‐2 in 12 steps and 10% overall yield. The key step of the synthesis, the glycosidation, turned out to be very sensitive to steric hindrance, and we had, therefore, to optimize the choice of the protection used for the two other OH functions of the aglycone. Finally, the desired β‐D‐glucoside 15 was obtained in a very good yield (72%) under Koenigs–Knorr‐glycosidation conditions, closely related to those used for the total synthesis of (−)‐bauhinin.
Two New Cyclopeptides from Arenaria oreophila (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Jia Ai‐qun , Tan Ning‐hua , Zhao You‐xing , Li Ning , Zhou Jun 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo new cyclopeptides, named arenariphilin A (1) and arenariphilin B (2), were isolated from the whole plants of Arenaria oreophila. Their structures were determined as cyclo‐(Thr‐Gly) (1) and cyclo‐(Ser1‐Gly ‐Ser2‐Ile ‐Phe1‐Phe2) (2) on the basis of spectral data, especially by 2D‐NMR.
Effect of Through‐Bond Interaction on Conformation and Structure in Rod‐Shaped Donor–Acceptor Systems. Part 1
Authors: De Ridder Dirk J. A. , Goubitz Kees , Schenk Henk , Krijnen Bert , Verhoeven Jan W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe crystal structures of five N‐arylpiperidin‐4‐one derivatives 2P2, 3P2, 5P2, 1P3, and 2P3 are presented (Fig. 2 and Tables 1–5) and discussed together with the derivatives 1P2 and 4P2 published previously. In all but one structure, 1P2, the aryl group is in an equatorial position. The piperidine ring adopts a normal chair conformation. In 1P2, the piperidine ring central CC bonds are significantly elongated, which is consistent with the idea that through‐bond interaction is more pronounced in the axial conformation. Through‐bond interaction also influences the pyramidalization at the piperidine C(4)‐atom in such a way that a strong interaction is directing the ethylene C‐atom C(9) into the axial direction.
Use of paroxetine for the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders in the elderly: a review
Authors: Bourin Michel 
Published: March 2003

AbstractParoxetine is a potent selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with indications for the treatment of depression, obsessive– compulsive disorder, panic disorder and social phobia. It is also used in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, post‐traumatic stress disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and chronic headache. There is wide interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetics of paroxetine in adults as well as in the elderly with higher plasma concentrations and slower elimination noted in the latter. Elimination is also reduced in severe renal and hepatic impairment, however, serious adverse events are extremely rare even in overdose. A Pub Med search was used to collect information on the efficacy and tolerability in elderly patients. There are few studies of depression in the elderly and only one study in the old–old. In anxiety disorders including general anxiety disorder, panic disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder and social anxiety, there are no studies at all in the elderly. However, the safety of the drug allows its prescription in the elderly. In summary, paroxetine is well tolerated in the treatment of depression in those between the ages of 65 and 75, although few studies have examined its use in those of 75 and older. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Migration, embedded networks and social capital: towards theorising North American ethnic geography
Authors: Hardwick Susan W. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper critically evaluates the impacts of networks of ethnicity and social capital on the migration paths and settlement decision‐making of refugees now living on the Pacific Coast of the US. Of particular significance are the social networks of two complex groups who relocated in large numbers to communities in central California and the Pacific Northwest over the past decade. Postmodern sensitivities to race, space and place in recent years have revalidated humanistic approaches suggested by human geographers more than two decades ago. Today, however, this earlier humanistic approach is being reshaped to centre on unravelling and analysing social and place‐based relationships. Rather than viewing migration in a narrow perspective (as a process happening in a particular place at a particular fixed moment in time), human geographers have begun to use ethnographic methods to record migration processes. I build on the ideas and approaches of both the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ in this article, paying particular attention to the social relationships and networks that emerge at intersections of fluidity, fusion, motion and negotiation, to appraise their role in constantly shaping and reshaping migration processes. Copyright
© 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Situating Fijian transmigrants: towards racialised transnational social spaces of the undocumented
Authors: Scott Gwen Gustafson 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAs global interconnections have increased in our current era, many social scientists are placing added emphasis on immigration studies and rethinking migration processes. This paper offers a preliminary response to the call for more empirical, but theoretically grounded, work on ‘transnationalism’ and ‘transmigration’. It considers the case of indigenous Fijians, a growing but small population of largely undocumented immigrants to the United States. I situate and define Fijians as transmigrants by underscoring the important meso‐level links, including migration networks and social capital, which serve to build and maintain relationships between immigrants, their fellow immigrants, and their kin left behind in Fiji. Additionally, while I contend that Fijian transmigrants are contributing to the formation of transnational bridges and constructing multiple, but connected, localities in both Fiji and the US, I argue that because immigrant Fijians have yet to form staunch social and symbolic ties within the US, they have not emerged into transnational communities. The Fijian case, along with other groups of undocumented transmigrants, also raises questions about the nature and definition of transnational social spaces, since there has been little discussion that identifies or legitimises racialised transnational social spaces specifically organised and occupied by undocumented transmigrants. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A legacy of forced migration: the removal of the Miami Tribe in 1846
Authors: Berry Kate A. , Rinehart Melissa A. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn the first half of the nineteenth century, dozens of Indian tribes and tens of thousands of tribal members were forced to move and resettle hundreds of miles away from their traditional homes in the eastern and mid‐western US. This process – which has come to be known as tribal or Indian removal – was initiated as white settlers encroached upon tribal resources, and was facilitated by the political and military actions of state and federal governments. After years of resistance, the Miami Tribe was brought into the removal programme and the Tribe was split between Indiana and Kansas. Removal also operated on an ideological level, infecting the political identity of the Miami Tribe and its members. This paper provides a detailed study of forced removal in order to provide insights into the complexity of colonialism within which the Miami Tribe, the State, and settlers were operating, as well as to provide an understanding of how political identity was – and continues to be – entangled with the processes, events and places associated with tribal removal. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.