bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth among adolescents who experience an earthquake: A repeated longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Wenchao , Li Yang , Yuan Hao , Wu Xinchun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor adolescents who experience an earthquake, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) often co‐occur. However, no study has yet examined how the interaction between them changes from the short term to the long term after an earthquake. This study conducted six surveys among local adolescents across three waves after the Wenchuan earthquake, and a directed network of PTSS and PTG co‐occurrence was constructed for each wave. It was found that the bridge nodes between PTSSs and PTG were different for each wave. The connection between PTSSs and PTG became loose over time. The incubation effect of PTSSs on PTG was sustained until the middle term but was not observed in the long term. The suppression effect of PTSSs on PTG was only observed in the short term. PTG not only alleviated PTSSs but also exacerbated PTSSs. Finally, the effect of PTSSs on PTG was much stronger than that of PTG on PTSSs. This study suggests that efforts should be made to alleviate specific PTSSs or facilitate specific PTG elements among adolescents for different terms after an earthquake, and PTG is more likely to be an outcome of trauma rather than a strategy for coping with trauma.
Trends in the prevalence rates and predictive factors of coeliac disease: A long‐term nationwide follow‐up study
Authors: Taavela Juha , Kurppa Kalle , Jääskeläinen Tuija , Kaartinen Niina E. , Rissanen Harri , Huhtala Heini , Mäki Markku , Kaukinen Katri 
Published: November 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe prevalence of coeliac disease doubled in Finland from 1980 to 2000.AimsTo investigate whether this increase is continuing and if there are specific patient‐related factors predicting the development of coeliac disease at a population level.MethodsWe elicited comprehensive health data in the nationwide Health 2000 and Health 2011 surveys. Serum samples were taken for the measurement of tissue transglutaminase antibodies (TGA); subjects who were seropositive were tested for endomysial antibodies (EmA). Coeliac disease was defined either as a reported diagnosis or as positive TGA and EmA. The surveys comprised, respectively, 6379 and 4056 individuals, forming representative samples for 2,946,057 and 2,079,438 Finnish adults. Altogether 3254 individuals participating in both surveys comprised a prospective follow‐up cohort.ResultsPrevalence of coeliac disease was 2.12% in 2000 and 2.40% in 2011 (p = 0.156). In the prospective cohort, 16 out of the 3254 (0.49%) subjects developed coeliac disease during follow‐up from 2000 to 2011, with an annual incidence rate of 45 per 100,000 persons. Positive TGA without EmA (OR: 133, 95% CI: 30.3–584), TGA values in the upper normal range (51.1, 16.0–163), and after adjusting for TGA, previous autoimmune co‐morbidity (8.39, 4.98–35.9) in 2000 increased the likelihood of subsequent coeliac disease.ConclusionsThe nationwide prevalence of coeliac disease kept on rising from 2.12% in 2000 to 2.40% in 2011 in Finland. Positive TGA without EmA, TGA titres in the upper normal range and a pre‐existing autoimmune disease predisposed to coeliac disease during the 10‐year follow‐up.
Using multiple plant functional types to assess response to prescribed burn season in Mediterranean‐climate vegetation
Authors: Thomsen Alexandria M. , Davies Richard J. P. , Ooi Mark K. J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuestionsPrescribed burning is a key tool for managing vegetation for conservation in fire‐prone ecosystems around the world. Plants are adapted to particular fire regimes, made up of components including fire frequency and seasonality. However, burning outside historical regime parameters may impact species recovery and subsequent community assembly. We asked (i) do shrub species respond differently to spring and autumn fires, the primary times for prescribed burns in many temperate regions and (ii) does the use of novel functional groups, based on seed and seed bank traits, allow more robust predictions of response to shifting fire season?LocationMediterranean‐climate southern Australia.MethodsWe surveyed 10 common shrub species to examine the impact of fire season on mortality, resprout vigour and seedling recruitment, using three functional groups: fire response (obligate seeder vs resprouter), seed storage (soil‐ vs canopy‐stored), and seed dormancy class [physical (PY) vs morphophysiological (MPD)]. We also analysed individual species to assess species‐specific responses.ResultsObligate seeding and canopy seed‐storing functional groups were negatively impacted by spring burns, with recruitment levels one third of that observed after autumn burns. For species with soil‐stored seed banks, impacts of burn season were mediated by seed dormancy class, with PY species performing worse than their seasonally emerging MPD counterparts. Some individual species responded in stark contrast to others within their functional group.ConclusionFunctional groups widely used to predict recovery, usually based on resprouting response and fire frequency, may not robustly predict responses to some fire factors, such as fire season. Our results highlight the importance that fire seasonality has on species response and potentially subsequent community assembly. We propose utilising multiple functional groups when assessing risk from shifting fire seasonality or when exploring impacts of multiple fire regime elements, and species‐focused studies when managing species at high risk of extinction.
Microaggressions, cancel culture, safe spaces, and academic freedom: A private property rights argumentation
Authors: Bagus Philipp , Daumann Frank , Follert Florian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScience is critical and thrives on discourse. However, new challenges for science and academic freedom have arisen from an often‐discussed cancel culture and an increasing demand for safe spaces, which are justified by their assumed protection against microaggressions. These phenomena can impede scientific progress and innovation by prohibiting certain thought processes and heterodox ideas that eventually result in new ideas, publications, statements, etc. In this paper, we use the approach of property rights ethics to shed light on these phenomena, especially in academia. First, we argue that microaggressions must be generally tolerated according to property rights ethics as the starting point for discussion. Then, we analyze cancel culture and safe spaces in academia. To this end, we distinguish between two basic cases in the educational system. We show that cancel culture and safe spaces seem justifiable in a private education system but have no place in public, tax‐funded universities from the perspective of property ethics. Our essay contributes, on the one hand, to the economic analysis of science and, on the other hand, to the ethical study of new phenomena in modern societies.
Naringin acts as a TRPV1 antagonist to attenuate UVB‐induced senescence and damage in HaCaT cells
Authors: Zhu Ying‐jie , Chen Hu‐lin , Cai Xin‐jie , Zhan Bang‐le , Liu Xiao‐ming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the mechanism of naringin (Nar) in alleviating ultraviolet B (UVB)‐induced HaCaT cell senescence and damage. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were divided into control, UVB, UVB + Nar, UVB + Cap, and UVB + Nar + Cap groups. Analysis was performed using the MTT assay to assess cell viability, flow cytometry to measure the apoptosis level, SA‐β‐Gal staining to observe cellular senescence, and Western blot to assess protein levels of TRPV1, p16, p53, p21, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐1, and MMP‐9. Both UVB irradiation and capsaicin (Cap) treatment upregulated the expression of TRPV1 in HaCaT cells, inhibited cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and increased the expression of p16, p53, p21, MMP‐1, and MMP‐9. Nar treatment reversed the above effects via inhibition of TRPV1 expression, thereby relieving senescence and cell damage induced by UVB irradiation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Nar can reduce UVB‐induced senescence and damage in HaCaT cells by acting as an antagonist of TRPV1.
Species‐specific herbivore–herbivore interactions and plant responses to sequential attack by multiple herbivores on a perennial woody plant
Authors: Yang Sha , Guo Wenfeng , Tang Yun , Li Xiaoqiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhen plants are sequentially attacked by multiple herbivores, herbivore identity and host specialization can greatly influence the patterns of herbivore–herbivore and plant–herbivore interactions. However, how prior herbivory and the resulting induced plant responses potentially affect subsequent herbivores deserves further investigation. In this study, we conducted a common‐garden experiment that manipulated sequential herbivory by the specialist caterpillar Gadirtha fusca Pogue (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) and the generalist caterpillar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Chinese tallow, Triadica sebifera (L.) Small (Euphorbiaceae). We tested how prior exposure to herbivores with different levels of host specialization affected the performance of subsequently arriving con‐ and heterospecifics, as well as plant growth and defense responses under subsequent herbivory. We found that prior exposure to the specialist G. fusca facilitated the performance of subsequent conspecifics, resulting in a significant decrease in the growth (height and stem diameter at ground level) of tallow plants. However, prior exposure to the generalist S. litura did not affect the feeding of subsequent con‐ or heterospecifics or the growth of tallow plants. Sequential herbivory by specialist and generalist conspecifics resulted in lower levels of tannins and flavonoids, respectively, in leaves of tallow plants, whereas sequential herbivory by the two species did not affect the levels of tannins or flavonoids, compared to a single damage event. We conclude that herbivore species‐specific plant responses appear to be more important than herbivore identity or specialization in determining herbivore–herbivore interactions and plant responses to sequential herbivore attack.
The role of international cooperation in the development of vocational education in Ukraine
Authors: Borodiyenko Oleksandra , Melnyk Oksana , Nychkalo Nellia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince gaining independence, Ukraine has recognised the need to reform its vocational education and training (VET) system to better align with new economic realities. This necessity was largely driven by the country's increasing openness to the world and its desire to integrate with the European Union, which became especially pronounced after the Euromaidan protests in 2014. As a result, the government has pursued policies that are more closely aligned with the European Union. This led to greater international cooperation in the sphere of VET in Ukraine. The study on which this article reports analyses the impact of international organisations and cooperation programmes, as well as actions, initiatives and projects, on the changes and reforms in the Ukrainian VET system from 2013 to 2022 on normative and institutional levels. We adopt a theoretical framework that explains the areas and instruments of influence on policymaking in education used by international organisations. The method applied in the study is interviews with experts from international projects and initiatives currently active in Ukraine. Our findings indicate that international cooperation programmes have had a significant impact on the development of vocational education in Ukraine, particularly in areas such as the governance of the VET system, public‐private partnerships, quality assurance, qualifications frameworks, and digitalisation.
Impact of school lockdown on access to online instruction during the war in Ukraine
Authors: Ovcharuk Oksana , Ivaniuk Iryna , Leshchenko Mariya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuarantine measures in connection to the COVID‐19 pandemic challenged the education system in Ukraine, like the education systems of other countries. This manifested over the course of three years in an increased need to develop distance learning online. Also, teacher ability to use digital tools, such as information communication technology (ICT), for instruction online is crucial in wartime circumstances in Ukraine. We describe the effects of school lockdown on teachers in Ukraine and how this affected teacher abilities to use distance instruction online in wartime circumstances. Drawing on a large‐scale survey of 54,254 educators conducted in January–February 2022, we report on challenges and needs identified by teachers in Ukraine. The survey collected responses from teachers and other categories of educators. Our analysis of survey findings focus on key challenges and needs of teachers and schools during the COVID‐19 quarantine. Respondents identified the following challenges: (1) lacking access to ICT equipment; (2) lacking access to stable high‐speed internet; (3) an insufficient level of knowledge and skills in using ICTs (digital competence). The study on which this article reports outlined possibilities for the professional development of teachers in Ukraine, complemented with a teacher self‐assessment of digital competence. The findings demonstrate that methods for organising online education in wartime circumstances in Ukraine benefit from the active interaction of all participants in the education process, their adaptability to changing learning conditions, continued communication about needs, notably teacher abilities to use ICT, and the ICT capacity of institutions.
Late‐onset Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia post‐allogeneic stem cell transplantation after time‐dependent discontinuation of prophylaxis
Authors: Stavi Vered , Desai Nihar , Michelis Fotios V. , Kim Dennis Dong Hwan , Kumar Rajat , Lipton Jeffrey Howard , Law Arjun Datt 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a rare complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Primary prophylaxis for 6–12 months post‐HSCT is the standard approach. However, there is no consensus regarding the optimal duration of prophylaxis.MethodsWe identified patients who developed PJP more than 1‐year post‐HSCT. All patients had previously received 12 months of PJP prophylaxis. PJP was diagnosed based on clinical findings and the detection of P. jirovecii in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The CD4+ T‐cell percentage was determined using flow cytometry. Data expressed as median (interquartile range).ResultsTen patients developed PJP at 17.5 months (16–24 months) post‐HSCT. PJP diagnosis occurred 5.5 months (3–15 months) after discontinuing prophylaxis. Eight patients received anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG) as graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. At diagnosis, only one patient had lymphopenia; all patients had CD4+ T‐lymphocyte counts ≥0.2 × 109/L (median 0.337 × 109/L). Three patients had concomitant bacterial infections. The clinical presentation was mild; only three required hospitalization, none of them required intensive care and there were no deaths.ConclusionThere is a need to develop risk‐adapted prophylactic strategies in the contemporary era using ATG‐based GVHD prophylaxis.
New perspectives on microbiome and nutrient sequestration in soil aggregates during long‐term grazing exclusion
Authors: Ju Wenliang , Fang Linchuan , Shen Guoting , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel , Chen Ji , Zhou Guiyao , Ma Dengke , Bing Haijian , Liu Lei , Liu Ji , Jin Xiaolian , Guo Liang , Tan Wenfeng , Blagodatskaya Evgenia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrazing exclusion alters grassland soil aggregation, microbiome composition, and biogeochemical processes. However, the long‐term effects of grazing exclusion on the microbial communities and nutrient dynamics within soil aggregates remain unclear. We conducted a 36‐year exclusion experiment to investigate how grazing exclusion affects the soil microbial community and the associated soil functions within soil aggregates in a semiarid grassland. Long‐term (36 years) grazing exclusion induced a shift in microbial communities, especially in the <2 mm aggregates, from high to low diversity compared to the grazing control. The reduced microbial diversity was accompanied by instability of fungal communities, extended distribution of fungal pathogens to >2 mm aggregates, and reduced carbon (C) sequestration potential thus revealing a negative impact of long‐term GE. In contrast, 11–26 years of grazing exclusion greatly increased C sequestration and promoted nutrient cycling in soil aggregates and associated microbial functional genes. Moreover, the environmental characteristics of microhabitats (e.g., soil pH) altered the soil microbiome and strongly contributed to C sequestration. Our findings reveal new evidence from soil microbiology for optimizing grazing exclusion duration to maintain multiple belowground ecosystem functions, providing promising suggestions for climate‐smart and resource‐efficient grasslands.
Limes physiological fruit drop extracts were incorporated into active packaging film for strawberry preservation
Authors: Xu Saiqing , Ding Zemin , Chang Xia , Xu Haishan , Ge Shuai , Xie Ying , Xu Yanqun , Luo Zisheng , Shan Yang , Ding Shenghua 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe comprehensive utilisation of food waste has become a global development demand for enhancing their added value. This study aimed to develop and utilise physiological fruit drop of Citrus aurantium L. var Daidai with rich phenolic acids and flavonoids. Therefore, different concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 10% wt, based on pullulan weight) of daidai physiological fruit drop extracts (DE) were incorporated into pullulan/bacterial cellulose (BC) packaging film (PB2‐DE). The effects of different concentrations of DE on composite films were comprehensively evaluated. It was found that the mechanical properties, ultraviolet barrier properties, and antioxidant properties of the films were improved with the addition of DE. Moreover, application tests have verified that films containing DE can effectively maintain the attractive quality of strawberries. Conclusively, the results demonstrated the feasibility of DE incorporation into films to increase the value of the waste and the potential applicability of films containing DE in strawberry preservation.
Theorizing across boundaries: How to conduct a ‘breakout’ literature review
Authors: Gruner Richard L. , Minunno Roberto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBest practice advice for literature reviews abounds, yet little advice is available for how to infuse a literature review with theory‐generative insights that break out of knowledge silos. To address this issue, we provide guidance on reviewing a range of literature for theory‐generative insights through a process of knowledge transfers from a source domain onto a target domain. To do so, mainly building on work concerned with analogical reasoning, we put forward a ‘breakout’ review model, which consists of three iterative stages. While we illustrate the process model in a supply chain management context, we aim to assist any organizational scholar interested in exploring cross‐disciplinary literature for new ways of thinking.
Studies in fluorescence histochemistry: III. The demonstration with salicylhydrazide of the aldehydes present in periodate‐oxidized mucosubstances*
Authors: STOWARD PETER J. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISSalicylhydrazide forms blue fluorescent derivatives with all potentially Schiff‐reactive, periodate‐oxidized mucosubstances in sections of fixed tissue. The derivatives formed from sulpho‐ and sialomucins usually emit an intense fluorescence. The fluorescence emitted by neutral mucosubstance derivatives is less intense. Aluminium salts enhance the fluorescence emitted by these derivatives, but zinc salts tend to quench it.Salicylhydrazide forms stable fluorescent products only with aldehydes, and is therefore highly specific. Moreover, its aldehyde hydrazones are unique among aldehyde acid arylhydrazones in that only they can be converted into formazans.Cytoplasmic proteins emit a red or purple fluorescence after being treated with a solution containing a solochrome black dye and an aluminium salt. This fluorescence enables the blue fluorescence emitted by periodate‐oxidized mucosubstance salicylhydrazones to be seen more clearly.
Association of an inter‐arm systolic blood pressure difference with all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality: A meta‐analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Li Min , Fan Fangfang , Qiu Lin , Ma Wei , Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis meta‐analysis evaluated the potential association of a simultaneously measured inter‐arm systolic blood pressure difference (IASBPD) and all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. The Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched through to April 14, 2023 for relevant literature. The outcomes were the associations of IASBPD with all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality. Finally, 10 cohort studies that included 15 320 individuals were included. An IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg was associated with increased all‐cause mortality (pooled hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.61) but an IASBPD of ≥10 mm Hg was not (pooled HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.89–1.85). The pooled HR for cardiovascular mortality was 1.88 (95% CI 1.31–2.71) for an IASBPD of ≥10 mm Hg and 1.93 (95% CI 1.24–2.99) for an IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg. Subgroup analysis showed that younger patients (HR 9.03, 95% CI 2.00–40.82, p = .004) with an IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg were at higher risk of cardiovascular mortality than older patients (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.06–2.64, p = .03); the difference between groups was statistically significant (p = .04). In conclusions, our findings show that a simultaneously measured IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg predicts increased all‐cause mortality and an IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg or ≥10 mm Hg predicts increased cardiovascular mortality. An IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg appears to be more correlated with cardiovascular mortality in younger patients than in older patients.