bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions and attitudes of stakeholders on the return of brown bears (Ursus arctos): Contributions from a workshop held in northern Portugal
Authors: Azevedo João C. , López‐Bao José Vicente , Dias Rui , Santos João P. V. , Pinto Sara , Pereira José , de Castro‐Pardo Mónica 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBrown bears (Ursus arctos) were extinct in Portugal by 1843. In the spring of 2019, a male bear was officially confirmed in northern Portugal, and more bears will likely reach the country shortly. We surveyed participants in a workshop held in Bragança in October 2021 to understand the perceptions and attitudes of different stakeholder groups (Administration, Research, Nongovernmental Organizations, and Local Stakeholders) regarding the return of brown bears to Portugal. Results indicate that, generally, participants would feel safe in areas where bears are present, are positive toward the return of brown bears, and see it as an opportunity for local development rather than a threat. Results also indicate a high level of consensus among groups of stakeholders concerning the issues analyzed. These preliminary results provide a baseline for perceptions and attitudes to consider when planning the conservation of brown bears returning to Portugal.
Factors influencing participation in an online national diabetes prevention programme: A qualitative study with attenders and educators
Authors: Haseldine Clair , O'Donoghue Grainne , Kearney Patricia M. , Riordan Fiona , Kerins Claire , Kirby Liz , Humphreys Margaret , McHugh Sheena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimTo explore factors affecting participation in the pilot of the synchronous online national diabetes prevention programme (NDPP) in Ireland from the perspectives of those who attended and the educators who recruited for and delivered the programme.MethodsA qualitative study involving semi‐structured interviews and focus groups with NDPP attenders (attended the assessment and at least one session) and educators (dietitians) on the programme. The Framework Method using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) guided the analysis.ResultsThirteen attenders took part in two online focus groups and five online or phone interviews. Eight educators took part. Four themes which cut across the TDF domains were identified as factors influencing participation; (i) lack of awareness of prediabetes and fear of diabetes, relating to attenders' fear of diabetes and lack of knowledge of prediabetes and diabetes prevention; (ii) perceived need for programme support to change health behaviour, concerning attenders' and educators' recognition of the need for the NDPP; (iii) trust in healthcare professionals (HCPs), relating to trust in HCPs to convey the seriousness of prediabetes and the value of diabetes prevention programmes (DPPs) and (iv) practical and personal ease of joining online, relating to the flexibility and accessibility of the synchronous online group format, the IT skills of attenders and educators and apprehension about group education.ConclusionsRaising awareness of prediabetes and the need for prevention programmes should be a priority for health services and HCPs. The synchronous online group format was seen as less daunting to join than a face‐to‐face programme and may be a useful option to encourage participation.
The Ethics of World‐Building in Normative Case Studies
Authors: Geron Tatiana , Levinson Meira 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNormative case studies are designed to offer richly detailed “worlds of possibility” that invite complex reflection and discussion about authentic ethical dilemmas in education. In this essay, Tatiana Geron and Meira Levinson argue that authors' choices of what details to include in a case are themselves ethical decisions that require significant ethical responsibility. Case details can shape which avenues of ethical inquiry are open to readers, whether and how institutional and structural conditions get considered, whose perspectives are included and legitimized, and what political issues are understood as “open” or “closed.” At its best, case “world‐building” can help readers understand the full complexity of ethical decision‐making in education. However, for this to occur, case authors must seek out expert and dissenting perspectives, field test the case with diverse audiences, and remain reflexive about their own perspectives and how these shape their world‐building decisions.
Increasing optimal coagulation factor dosing in the paediatric emergency department: Update to a quality improvement study
Authors: Kendel Nicole E. , Abdelghani Eman , Stanek Joseph R. , Mitchell Brockton , Dunn Michael W. , Rodriguez Vilmarie , Dunn Amy L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrompt, appropriate coagulation factor replacement according to injury and bleeding severity in persons with haemophilia is required to prevent acute and long‐term complications.AimsIncrease proportion of persons with haemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) treated appropriately for an acute injury and bleeding episode at a tertiary children's emergency department (ED) from 65% to 85% and sustain for one year. Secondary aim: increase time interval between patient ED encounters with out‐of‐range factor dosing.MethodsUtilizing quality improvement methodology and plan‐do‐study‐analyze cycles, ED encounters for individuals with HA/HB receiving coagulation factor replacement for injuries were audited for in‐range coagulation factor dosing. Goal factor dose defined as 50% correction for minor bleeds and 100% correction for major bleeds. Optimal dosing range defined as 90%–120% of the calculated goal dose to account for vial size variability. Interventions targeted communication via the EMR problem list and optimization of physician education.ResultsOur previous publication demonstrated 33.3% of ED encounters with out‐of‐range factor replacement. Following several interventions, the cumulative rate of encounters with out‐of‐range dosing decreased to 18%. Overall, there was an increase in the mean percent of encounters receiving optimal factor dosing for both HA/HB compared to baseline (82.2% vs. 71.1%), though this was not a statistically significant difference.ConclusionDespite implementation of multiple interventions, out‐of‐range factor dosing continues to occur. Our team plans to reinstate simulation center education for ED staff and continue education efforts of pharmacists and hematology trainees with the goal of further reducing out‐of‐range dosing in our ED.
Twelve‐month effectiveness and safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in people with HIV: Real‐world insights from BICSTaR cohorts
Authors: Esser Stefan , Brunetta Jason , Inciarte Alexy , Levy Itzchak , D'Arminio Monforte Antonella , Lambert John S. , van Welzen Berend , Teruya Katsuji , Boffito Marta , Liu Chun‐Eng , Altuntas Aydın Ozlem , Thorpe David , Heinzkill Marion , Marongiu Andrea , Cassidy Tali , Haubrich Richard , D'Amato Lisa , Robineau Olivier 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world evidence is an essential component of evidence‐based medicine. The aim of the BICSTaR (BICtegravir Single Tablet Regimen) study is to assess effectiveness and safety of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in antiretroviral treatment‐naïve (TN) and treatment‐experienced (TE) people with HIV.MethodsBICSTaR is a prospective, observational cohort study. Participants (≥18 years) are being followed for 24 months. A pooled analysis is presented at 12 months, with the primary endpoint of effectiveness (HIV‐1 RNA <50 copies/mL) and secondary endpoints of safety and tolerability (as per protocol). An exploration of patient‐reported outcome measures using standardized questionnaires is included.ResultsBetween June 2018 and May 2021, 1552 people with HIV were enrolled across 12 countries. The analysed population comprised 1509 individuals (279 TN, 1230 TE); most were white (76%), male (84%) and had one or more comorbid conditions (68%). Median age was 47 years. After 12 months of B/F/TAF treatment, HIV‐1 RNA was <50 copies/mL in 94% (221/236) of TN participants and 97% (977/1008) of TE participants. Median CD4 cell count increased by 214 cells/μL (p < 0.001) in TN participants and 13 cells/μL (p = 0.014) in TE participants; median CD4/CD8 ratios increased by 0.30 and 0.03, respectively (both p < 0.001). Persistence was high at 12 months (TN, 97%; TE, 95%). No resistance to B/F/TAF emerged. Study drug‐related adverse events occurred in 13% of participants through 12 months, leading to B/F/TAF discontinuation in 6%.ConclusionsThe findings of this study provide robust real‐world evidence to support the broad use of B/F/TAF in both TN and TE people with HIV.
Avian influenza A(H5) virus circulation in live bird markets in Vietnam, 2017–2022
Authors: Nguyen Diep T. , Sumner Kelsey M. , Nguyen Thoa T. M. , Phan Minh Q. , Hoang Tien M. , Vo Chuong D. , Nguyen Tho D. , Nguyen Phuong T. , Yang Genyan , Jang Yunho , Jones Joyce , Olsen Sonja J. , Gould Philip L. , Nguyen Long V. , Davis Charles Todd 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHighly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) human infections are a global concern, with many A(H5) human cases detected in Vietnam, including a case in October 2022. Using avian influenza virus surveillance from March 2017–September 2022, we described the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses in live bird markets (LBMs) in Vietnam.MethodsMonthly at each LBM, 30 poultry oropharyngeal swab specimens and five environmental samples were collected. Samples were pooled in groups of five and tested for influenza A, A(H5), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) viruses by real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Trends in the percent of pooled samples that were positive for avian influenza were summarized by LBM characteristics and time and compared with the number of passively detected avian influenza outbreaks using Spearman's rank correlation.ResultsA total of 25,774 pooled samples were collected through active surveillance at 167 LBMs in 24 provinces; 36.9% of pooled samples were positive for influenza A, 3.6% A(H5), 1.9% A(H5N1), 1.1% A(H5N6), and 0.2% A(H5N8). Influenza A(H5) viruses were identified January–December and at least once in 91.7% of sampled provinces. In 246 A(H5) outbreaks in poultry; 20.3% were influenza A(H5N1), 60.2% A(H5N6), and 19.5% A(H5N8); outbreaks did not correlate with active surveillance.ConclusionsIn Vietnam, influenza A(H5) viruses were detected by active surveillance in LBMs year‐round and in most provinces sampled. In addition to outbreak reporting, active surveillance for A(H5) viruses in settings with high potential for animal‐to‐human spillover can provide situational awareness.
Reconsidering the implications of formative versus reflective measurement model misspecification
Authors: Aguirre‐Urreta Miguel I. , Rönkkö Mikko , Marakas George M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe literature on formative modelling (“formative measurement”) in the information systems discipline claims that measurement model misspecification, where a reflective model is used instead of a more appropriate formative model, is widespread. In this research, we argue that this cannot be true because models misspecified in this way would fail the measurement validation procedures used with reflective models and thus would not be publishable. To support this argument, we present two extensive simulation studies. The simulation results show that in most cases where data originates from a formative model, estimating a reflective model would not produce results that satisfy the commonly used measurement validation guidelines. Based on these results, we conclude that widespread publication of models where the direction of measurement is misspecified is unlikely in IS and other disciplines that use similar measurement validation guidelines. Moreover, building on recent discussions on modelling endogenous formatively specified latent variables, we demonstrate that the effects of misspecification are minor in models that do pass the model quality check. Our results address important issues in the literature on the consequences of measurement model misspecification and provide a starting point for new advances in this area.
Comparing incidental learning of single words and collocations from different captioning conditions: The role of vocabulary knowledge and working memory
Authors: Teng Mark Feng , Cui Yachong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundVocabulary learning in a second language (L2) encompasses crucial aspects, including single words and collocations. Research indicates that L2 learners can incidentally learn single words from captioned videos, but less is known about the incidental learning outcomes of collocations, let alone the differences in learning gains for single words and collocations under different captioned conditions, as well as individual differences that may account for such differences.ObjectivesThis study aimed to fill this gap by comparing the learning gains of single words and collocations while investigating the influence of vocabulary knowledge (VK) and working memory (WM) on the learning results within diverse forms of captioning conditions: full captions, keyword captions, and no captions.MethodsThe study involved 129 young Chinese ESL learners who completed vocabulary tests assessing their meaning recall before, immediately after, and 2 weeks after the study, as well as tests for VK and WM.Results and ConclusionsThe results showed that full captions are the most efficacious condition for enhancing both single word and collocation learning. The depth of VK, as well as phonological and complex WM, were significant factors in the learning of new language items.TakeawaysDifferent types of captioning (full or keyword) contribute differently to the learning of various language items. Individual differences in WM and depth of VK among learners should be considered when utilizing captioned videos for language learning.
Sensory description of beverages of intervarietal hybrids of Conilon and Robusta: Natural and fermented coffees
Authors: Viencz Thayna , da Silva Portela Claudimara , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Alves Enrique Anastácio , Ramalho André Rostand , de Toledo Benassi Marta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study describes the sensory profile of beverages of Coffea canephora hybrids (clones BRS 2314 and BRS 2357) in natural (N) and fermented (F) versions. Flash Profile and Temporal Dominance of Sensations were performed; physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. Increase in total titratable acidity and reduction in pH was observed with fermentation. BRS 2314 beverages had higher contents of 5‐caffeoylquinic acid and caffeine. Natural coffees were described as having brown/coffee color, coffee aroma and flavor, roasted aroma and flavor, sweet aroma, and sour taste, and presenting dominance of coffee and tobacco flavors, and bitter and sour tastes. Fermented coffees were described as full‐bodied and having non‐characteristic, fermented and herbal aromas, astringent sensation, bitter taste and bitter aftertaste, and residual flavors, with the dominance of chocolate, fermented and roasted flavors, and bitter taste. BRS 2357 beverages were characterized by bitter taste and bitter aftertaste. BRS 2314N beverage presented attributes considered positive for quality.Practical ApplicationsThe results are relevant for the coffee production chain and consumers. Intervarietal hybrids of Conilon and Robusta are grown in an area characterized by family farming and with great prospects for sustainable production (in the Rondônia/BR state, Western Amazon) and are developed to express the best characteristics of both botanical varieties, as the high potential of Robusta coffees for fine cup beverages. The hybrid clones were successfully evaluated by experts, but the results do not necessarily correspond to the consumers' insights into coffee brew quality. In addition, fermentation allows to produce beverages with different nuances. The joint use of quick methodologies for static (Flash Profile) and temporal (Temporal Dominance of Sensations) sensory descriptions provided a closer representation of the consumers' perception of those products. This information brings new market perspectives for high‐yield Coffea canephora coffees that are now going through a moment of breaking paradigms regarding quality.
Unchaining supply chains: Transformative leaps toward regenerating social–ecological systems
Authors: Gualandris Jury , Branzei Oana , Wilhelm Miriam , Lazzarini Sergio , Linnenluecke Martina , Hamann Ralph , Dooley Kevin J. , Barnett Michael L. , Chen Chien‐Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe worsening climate, biodiversity, and inequity crises have existential implications. To help resolve these crises, supply chains must move beyond a minimal harm approach. Instead, supply chains must make positive contributions to and harmoniously integrate with the living systems around them. Despite agreement on this urgent need, supply chain management research still lacks a shared roadmap for establishing economically sustainable supply chains that actively regenerate social–ecological systems. This essay deepens the understanding of regenerative supply chains, inviting supply chain scholars and practitioners to rally around timely questions and codevelop new answers. We first scrutinize the paradigmatic assumptions that continue to anchor contemporary research and practice in supply chain management, showing how these once helpful assumptions now hold the community back from seeking much needed solutions. We then offer real‐world examples and synthesize emerging arguments from multiple disciplines to propose three new principles of regenerative organizing: proportionality, reciprocity, and poly‐rhythmicity. We also delve into the implications of pursuing these regenerative principles for supply chain coordination, governance, and resilience. Finally, we reflect on the fit of empirical research designs and methods for examining the creation of new regenerative supply chains and the conversion of existing supply chains.
Does the sampling frequency of an eye tracker affect the detection of glaucomatous visual field loss?
Authors: Maniarasu Priyanka , Shasane Prathamesh Harshad , Pai Vijaya H. , Kuzhuppilly Neetha I. R. , Ve Ramesh S. , Ballae Ganeshrao Shonraj 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeEvidence suggests that eye movements have potential as a tool for detecting glaucomatous visual field defects. This study evaluated the influence of sampling frequency on eye movement parameters in detecting glaucomatous visual field defects during a free‐viewing task.MethodsWe investigated eye movements in two sets of experiments: (a) young adults with and without simulated visual field defects and (b) glaucoma patients and age‐matched controls. In Experiment 1, we recruited 30 healthy volunteers. Among these, 10 performed the task with a gaze‐contingent superior arcuate (SARC) scotoma, 10 performed the task with a gaze‐contingent biarcuate (BARC) scotoma and 10 performed the task without a simulated scotoma (NoSim). The experimental task involved participants freely exploring 100 images, each for 4 s. Eye movements were recorded using the LiveTrack Lightning eye‐tracker (500 Hz). In Experiment 2, we recruited 20 glaucoma patients and 16 age‐matched controls. All participants underwent similar experimental tasks as in Experiment 1, except only 37 images were shown for exploration. To analyse the effect of sampling frequency, data were downsampled to 250, 120 and 60 Hz. Eye movement parameters, such as the number of fixations, fixation duration, saccadic amplitude and bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA), were computed across various sampling frequencies.ResultsTwo‐way ANOVA revealed no significant effects of sampling frequency on fixation duration (simulation, p = 0.37; glaucoma patients, p = 0.95) and BCEA (simulation, p = 0.84; glaucoma patients: p = 0.91). BCEA showed good distinguishability in differentiating groups across different sampling frequencies, whereas fixation duration failed to distinguish between glaucoma patients and controls. Number of fixations and saccade amplitude showed variations with sampling frequency in both simulations and glaucoma patients.ConclusionIn both simulations and glaucoma patients, BCEA consistently differentiated them from controls across various sampling frequencies.
Optimizing cultivation and shipping environments for an edible green alga, Caulerpa chemnitzia var. laetevirens (Bryopsidales) from Japan: Effects of temperature, irradiance, desiccation and salinity on photochemical efficiency
Authors: Terada Ryuta , Matsuda Koki , Nishihara Gregory N. 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYThe effects of four stressors, temperature, irradiance, desiccation and salinity, on the photochemical efficiency (ΔF/) of an edible green alga, Caulerpa chemnitzia var. laetevirens from Kagoshima, Japan, were determined for optimizing cultivation and shipping environments using a pulse amplitude modulation‐chlorophyll fluorometer. The ΔF/ remained stable at 24–34°C during the 3‐day temperature exposures ranging from 8 to 36°C; however, it dropped at higher and lower temperatures. During continuous exposure for 6 h to irradiance levels of 400 (low) and 1000 (high) μmol photons m−2 s−1 at 16, 24 and 32°C, the decrease in ΔF/ was pronounced at high irradiance. Moreover, ΔF/ also dropped at 16°C even under low irradiance, suggesting the occurrence of low temperature–light stress. Desiccation experiments under 50% humidity and up to 5 h of aerial exposure at 24°C and dim light (20 μmol photons m−2 s−1) indicated that ΔF/ was well tolerated within 1 h of desiccation; however, it dropped quickly as the desiccation period prolonged, suggesting that, if more than 20% of the interior water was lost, ΔF/ dropped progressively. However, during a similar experiment up to 14 days of aerial exposure under saturated humidity (99%) and dim light (12:12 h light/dark photocycle), as the interior water of the frond was maintained because of the saturated humidity, ΔF/ appeared to be well maintained for up to 5 days. Similar to desiccation, this alga exhibited stenohaline characteristics (30–40 psu) under the salinity gradient of 0–80 psu for up to 7 days of culture at 24°C and under dim light (12:12 h light/dark). In conclusion, this alga can be cultivated by modifying the techniques used for cultivating Japanese Caulerpa lentillifera and adjusting its environment accordingly. To ensure appropriate shipping conditions, it is essential to maintain saturated humidity in a plastic container at room temperature.