bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chrysin-based supramolecular cyclodextrin-calixarene drug delivery system: a novel approach for attenuating cardiac fibrosis in chronic diabetes
Authors: Trotta Maria Consiglia , Herman Hildegard , Ciceu Alina , Mladin Bianca , Rosu Marcel , Lepre Caterina Claudia , Russo Marina , Bácskay Ildikó , Fenyvesi Ferenc , Marfella Raffaele , Hermenean Anca , Balta Cornel , D’Amico Michele 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Cardiac fibrosis is strongly induced by diabetic conditions. Both chrysin (CHR) and calixarene OTX008, a specific inhibitor of galectin 1 (Gal-1), seem able to reduce transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/SMAD pro-fibrotic pathways, but their use is limited to their low solubility. Therefore, we formulated a dual-action supramolecular system, combining CHR with sulfobutylated β-cyclodextrin (SBECD) and OTX008 (SBECD + OTX + CHR). Here we aimed to test the anti-fibrotic effects of SBECD + OTX + CHR in hyperglycemic H9c2 cardiomyocytes and in a mouse model of chronic diabetes.Methods: H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to normal (NG, 5.5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 33 mM) for 48 h, then treated with SBECD + OTX + CHR (containing OTX008 0.75–1.25–2.5 µM) or the single compounds for 6 days. TGF-β/SMAD pathways, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Gal-1 levels were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) or Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Adult CD1 male mice received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dosage of 102 mg/kg body weight. From the second week of diabetes, mice received 2 times/week the following i.p. treatments: OTX (5 mg/kg)-SBECD; OTX (5 mg/kg)-SBECD-CHR, SBECD-CHR, SBECD. After a 22-week period of diabetes, mice were euthanized and cardiac tissue used for tissue staining, ELISA, qRT-PCR aimed to analyse TGF-β/SMAD, extracellular matrix (ECM) components and Gal-1.Results: In H9c2 cells exposed to HG, SBECD + OTX + CHR significantly ameliorated the damaged morphology and reduced TGF-β1, its receptors (TGFβR1 and TGFβR2), SMAD2/4, MAPKs and Gal-1. Accordingly, these markers were reduced also in cardiac tissue from chronic diabetes, in which an amelioration of cardiac remodeling and ECM was evident. In both settings, SBECD + OTX + CHR was the most effective treatment compared to the other ones.Conclusion: The CHR-based supramolecular SBECD-calixarene drug delivery system, by enhancing the solubility and the bioavailability of both CHR and calixarene OTX008, and by combining their effects, showed a strong anti-fibrotic activity in rat cardiomyocytes and in cardiac tissue from mice with chronic diabetes. Also an improved cardiac tissue remodeling was evident. Therefore, new drug delivery system, which could be considered as a novel putative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis.
Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genome analysis of Xanthomonas fragariae YM2 causing angular leaf spot disease in strawberry
Authors: Qiu Yue , Wei Fangjun , Meng Han , Peng Menglin , Zhang Jinhao , He Yilu , Wei Lanfang , Ahmed Waqar , Ji Guanghai 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAngular leaf spot disease caused by plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas fragariae seriously threatens strawberry crop production globally.MethodsIn this study, we sequenced the whole genome of X. fragariae YM2, isolated from Yunnan Province, China. In addition, we performed a comparative genome analysis of X. fragariae YM2 with two existing strains of X. fragariae YL19 and SHQP01 isolated from Liaoning and Shanghai, respectively.ResultsThe results of Nanopore sequencing showed that X. fragariae YM2 comprises one single chromosome with a contig size of 4,263,697 bp, one plasmid contig size of 0.39 Mb, a GC content ratio of 62.27%, and 3,958 predicted coding genes. The genome of YM2 comprises gum, hrp, rpf, and xps gene clusters and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which are typical virulence factors in Xanthomonas species. By performing a comparative genomic analysis between X. fragariae strains YM2, YL19, and SHQP01, we found that strain YM2 is similar to YL19 and SHQP01 regarding genome size and GC contents. However, there are minor differences in the composition of major virulence factors and homologous gene clusters. Furthermore, the results of collinearity analysis demonstrated that YM2 has lower similarity and longer evolutionary distance with YL19 and SHQP01, but YL19 is more closely related to SHQP01.ConclusionsThe availability of this high-quality genetic resource will serve as a basic tool for investigating the biology, molecular pathogenesis, and virulence of X. fragariae YM2. In addition, unraveling the potential vulnerabilities in its genetic makeup will aid in developing more effective disease suppression control measures.
A lightweight network for improving wheat ears detection and counting based on YOLOv5s
Authors: Shen Xiaojun , Zhang Chu , Liu Kai , Mao Wenjie , Zhou Cheng , Yao Lili 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionRecognizing wheat ears plays a crucial role in predicting wheat yield. Employing deep learning methods for wheat ears identification is the mainstream method in current research and applications. However, such methods still face challenges, such as high computational parameter volume, large model weights, and slow processing speeds, making it difficult to apply them for real-time identification tasks on limited hardware resources in the wheat field. Therefore, exploring lightweight wheat ears detection methods for real-time recognition holds significant importance.MethodsThis study proposes a lightweight method for detecting and counting wheat ears based on YOLOv5s. It utilizes the ShuffleNetV2 lightweight convolutional neural network to optimize the YOLOv5s model by reducing the number of parameters and simplifying the complexity of the calculation processes. In addition, a lightweight upsampling operator content-aware reassembly of features is introduced in the feature pyramid structure to eliminate the impact of the lightweight process on the model detection performance. This approach aims to improve the spatial resolution of the feature images, enhance the effectiveness of the perceptual field, and reduce information loss. Finally, by introducing the dynamic target detection head, the shape of the detection head and the feature extraction strategy can be dynamically adjusted, and the detection accuracy can be improved when encountering wheat ears with large-scale changes, diverse shapes, or significant orientation variations.Results and discussionThis study uses the global wheat head detection dataset and incorporates the local experimental dataset to improve the robustness and generalization of the proposed model. The weight, FLOPs and mAP of this model are 2.9 MB, 2.5 * 109 and 94.8%, respectively. The linear fitting determination coefficients R2 for the model test result and actual value of global wheat head detection dataset and local experimental Site are 0.94 and 0.97, respectively. The improved lightweight model can better meet the requirements of precision wheat ears counting and play an important role in embedded systems, mobile devices, or other hardware systems with limited computing resources.
What helps the helpers? Resilience and risk factors for general and profession-specific mental health problems in psychotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zerban Matthias , Puhlmann Lara Marie Christine , Lassri Dana , Fonagy Peter , Montague P. Read , Kiselnikova Natalia , Lorenzini Nicolas , Desatnik Alex , Kalisch Raffael , Nolte Tobias 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionAlthough the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected wellbeing of at-risk groups, most research on resilience employed convenience samples. We investigated psychosocial resilience and risk factors (RFs) for the wellbeing of psychotherapists and other mental health practitioners, an under-researched population that provides essential support for other at-risk groups and was uniquely burdened by the pandemic.MethodWe examined 18 psychosocial factors for their association with resilience, of which four were chosen due to their likely relevance specifically for therapists, in a cross-sectional multi-national sample (N = 569) surveyed between June and September 2020. Resilience was operationalized dimensionally and outcome-based as lower stressor reactivity (SR), meaning fewer mental health problems than predicted given a participant’s levels of stressor exposure. General SR (SRG) scores expressed reactivity in terms of general internalizing problems, while profession-specific SR (SRS) scores expressed reactivity in terms of burnout and secondary trauma, typical problems of mental health practitioners.ResultsFactors previously identified as RFs in other populations, including perceived social support, optimism and self-compassion, were almost all significant in the study population (SRG: 18/18 RFs, absolute βs = 0.16–0.40; SRS: 15/18 RFs, absolute βs = 0.19–0.39 all Ps &lt; 0.001). Compassion satisfaction emerged as uniquely relevant for mental health practitioners in regularized regression.DiscussionOur work identifies psychosocial RFs for mental health practitioners’ wellbeing during crisis. Most identified factors are general, in that they are associated with resilience to a wider range of mental health problems, and global, in that they have also been observed in other populations and stressor constellations.
Health-related quality of life in family caregivers of autistic adults
Authors: Dückert Sophia , Bart Sabine , Gewohn Petia , König Hannah , Schöttle Daniel , Konnopka Alexander , Rahlff Pascal , Erik Frank , Vogeley Kai , Schulz Holger , David Nicole , Peth Judith 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionFamily members of autistic individuals often provide support for their autistic relative throughout the lifespan which can lead to massive burden themselves. Reduced health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in family caregivers is assumed; however, only a handful studies on the HRQoL of family caregivers providing care to adult relatives exist as opposed to autistic children. Thus, the current study aimed to (i) investigate the current state of physical and mental HRQoL of family caregivers of autistic adults compared to the general population, and (ii) examine caregiver-related (e.g., age, subjective caregiver burden) and care recipient-related variables (e.g., symptom severity, utilization of formal services) explaining variance in the caregivers’ HRQoL.MethodsN = 149 family caregivers completed a nationwide online survey, including the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-8) in order to assess the HRQoL. T-tests were used to compare the HRQoL of family caregivers with the general population. Bivariate correlational and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted in order to identify predictors explaining variance in family caregivers’ HRQoL.ResultsFamily caregivers of autistic adults reported significantly lower physical (M = 46.71, SD = 8.72, Cohen’s d = 0.42) and mental HRQoL (M = 40.15, SD = 11.28, Cohen’s d = 1.35) compared to the general population. Multiple linear regression with the mental HRQoL as the outcome showed a significant model (F(11, 95) = 5.53, p &lt; .001, adj. R2 = .32) with increased subjective burden explaining most of the variance in mental HRQoL (ß = .32, GDW = .141, p &lt; .001). Multiple linear regression analysis with the outcome physical HRQoL did not reveal a statistically significant model (F(11,95) = 1.09, p = .38). However, bivariate analyses also showed a positive correlation with the subjective caregiver burden (r= .20, p &lt; .05).DiscussionFindings highlight the need to consider HRQoL (and caregiver burden) of family caregivers of autistic adults in several healthcare settings to monitor a potential comprised health status in early stages, with the long-term goal to improve family caregivers’ HRQoL.
Metabolic syndrome in adults with autistic traits: associated psychological, behavioral, and biological factors in females and males – a PharmLines initiative
Authors: Warreman E. B. , Nooteboom L. A. , Leenen P. J. M. , Geurts H. M. , Terry M. B. , Bos J. H. J. , Hak E. , Hoek H. W. , van Rossum E. F. C. , Vermeiren R. R. J. M. , Ester W. A. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundWhile cardiovascular diseases is highly prevalent and an important cause of mortality in autistic adults, knowledge on their increased cardiovascular risk is limited. Hence, this study aimed to investigate psychological, behavioral, and physical factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults with autistic traits.MethodsIn total, 17,705 adults from the Lifelines Cohort were included and categorized using Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 sum-scores. The quartiles with highest (HQ-traits-group females: n = 2,635; males: n = 1803) and lowest levels of autistic traits (LQ-traits-group, n = idem) were analyzed. Using multivariable logistic regression, the associations between MetS and (self-reported and interviewed) psychological, behavioral, and physically measured factors in these stratified groups were investigated.ResultsAmong females, MetS was more common in the HQ-traits-group than in the LQ-traits-group (10.0% versus 7.5%, p &lt; 0.01), while this was not the case among males (HQ-traits-group 13.8% versus LQ-traits-group 13.1%, p = 0.52). In both the female and male HQ-traits-group, the presence of MetS was associated with poorer self-reported health, less daily physical activity, and altered leukocyte counts.ConclusionThese findings underline the relevance of adequate cardiovascular prevention in adults with higher levels of autistic traits. Future research could gain more insight into the relationship between cardiovascular risk and autistic traits in females, and into tailored cardiovascular prevention.
Factors associated with grazing behavior in candidates for bariatric surgery at a hospital in the Amazon
Authors: Kikuchi Jeane Lorena Dias , Carvalhal Manuela Maria de Lima , de Castro Mariana Maués , Vieira Lourenço-Costa Vanessa , dos Santos Carlos Armando Ribeiro , Cunha Flávia Siqueira , Paracampo Carla Cristina Paiva , Gomes Daniela Lopes 
Published: December 2023

BlackgroundTo assess grazing behavior and associated factors in candidates for bariatric surgery monitored at a public hospital that is a reference in the care of people with severe obesity.MethodsCross-sectional analytical study, with candidates for bariatric surgery of both genders, treated in a public hospital in the Amazon. To assess grazing behavior, the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire was used, and to investigate patterns of eating behavior, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire was used, which assesses: Emotional Eating, Cognitive Restriction and Uncontrolled Eating. Sociodemographic information was obtained through self-report and the description of medication use through the medical record. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated by measuring weight and height. The SPSS program, v. 21.0 was used. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee.ResultsA total of 205 participants were evaluated, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 8.6 years, the majority (93.7%) being women and the majority (59.5%) was not also using medication to lose weight. About 66.3% of the participants had compulsive grazing. The factor with the highest score was cognitive restriction (p &lt; 0.001). Individuals who used weight loss drugs had higher scores in the cognitive restriction factor (p = 0.015) and lower scores for uncontrolled eating (p = 0.008), compulsive grazing (p = 0.021) and non-compulsive grazing (p = 0.034).ConclusionLinear regression showed that emotional eating and uncontrolled eating were predictors of both compulsive grazing and non-compulsive grazing behavior. It was observed that grazing behavior, cognitive restriction, emotional eating and uncontrolled eating are present and correlated in the studied patients. In addition, the use of weight loss drugs seems to help reduce dysfunctional eating behaviors in patients with severe obesity.
Association between kidney function and biological age: a China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Peng Shanshan , Xu Rui , Wei Kai , Liu Na , Lv Yuan , Lin Yong 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe chronological age (CA) cannot precisely reflect the health status. Our study aimed to establish a model of kidney biological age to evaluate kidney function more elaborately.MethodsThe modeling group was used to establish the model, consisting of 1,303 respondents of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The biological age of the kidney (BA) was constructed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Klemera and Doubal’s method (KDM) with the 1,303 health respondents.ResultsPCA was chosen as the best method for our research step by step. The test group was used to apply the model. (a) BA of the kidney can distinguish respondents with from without kidney disease. (b) BA of the kidney was significantly different in various levels of kidney function. The BA of the eGFR &lt;60 group and 60 ≤ eGFR &lt;90 group were older than GFR ≥90 group. (c) The group with younger BA of kidney at baseline had a lower risk of kidney function decreased. (d) The risk of decreased kidney function caused by increasing BA every additional year is higher than CA.DiscussionThe BA of the kidney is a parameter negatively correlated with decreased kidney function and fills the blank of evaluation among people in the middle of heathy and kidney diseases.
Prediabetes prevalence and awareness by race, ethnicity, and educational attainment among U.S. adults
Authors: Formagini Taynara , Brooks Joanna Veazey , Roberts Andrew , Bullard Kai McKeever , Zhang Yan , Saelee Ryan , O'Brien Matthew James 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionRacial and ethnic minority groups and individuals with limited educational attainment experience a disproportionate burden of diabetes. Prediabetes represents a high-risk state for developing type 2 diabetes, but most adults with prediabetes are unaware of having the condition. Uncovering whether racial, ethnic, or educational disparities also occur in the prediabetes stage could help inform strategies to support health equity in preventing type 2 diabetes and its complications. We examined the prevalence of prediabetes and prediabetes awareness, with corresponding prevalence ratios according to race, ethnicity, and educational attainment.MethodsThis study was a pooled cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2011 to March 2020. The final sample comprised 10,262 U.S. adults who self-reported being Asian, Black, Hispanic, or White. Prediabetes was defined using hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose values. Those with prediabetes were classified as “aware” or “unaware” based on survey responses. We calculated prevalence ratios (PR) to assess the relationship between race, ethnicity, and educational attainment with prediabetes and prediabetes awareness, controlling for sociodemographic, health and healthcare-related, and clinical characteristics.ResultsIn fully adjusted logistic regression models, Asian, Black, and Hispanic adults had a statistically significant higher risk of prediabetes than White adults (PR:1.26 [1.18,1.35], PR:1.17 [1.08,1.25], and PR:1.10 [1.02,1.19], respectively). Adults completing less than high school and high school had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes compared to those with a college degree (PR:1.14 [1.02,1.26] and PR:1.12 [1.01,1.23], respectively). We also found that Black and Hispanic adults had higher rates of prediabetes awareness in the fully adjusted model than White adults (PR:1.27 [1.07,1.50] and PR:1.33 [1.02,1.72], respectively). The rates of prediabetes awareness were consistently lower among those with less than a high school education relative to individuals who completed college (fully-adjusted model PR:0.66 [0.47,0.92]).DiscussionDisparities in prediabetes among racial and ethnic minority groups and adults with low educational attainment suggest challenges and opportunities for promoting health equity in high-risk groups and expanding awareness of prediabetes in the United States.
Injuries in male youth football: a one season prospective cohort study of 223 Danish elite players
Authors: Andersen Thomas Rostgaard , Drevsfeldt Andreas , Möller Sören , Møller Merete 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesThis study prospectively investigated injury prevalence, incidence, and burden in male elite under-17 football players (N = 223)during a full season.MethodsThe players weekly completed a standardized web-based injury survey (OSTRC-H2) and a physical exposure report throughout the study.ResultsAverage weekly response rate was 89.5%. Football exposure accounted for 52.4% of total physical exposure. On average (±SD), the players participated in individual football, strength, and rehabilitation practices for 1.2 ± 1.5, 3.0 ± .2.1, and 1.9 ± 3.4 h/week, respectively. In total, 742 health problems were reported. Mean weekly prevalence of health problems, injuries and illnesses were 20.1%, 16.5% and 3.8%, respectively. The injury incidence per 1,000 h of football exposure, match play and team practice were 8.28 (95% CI: 7.54–9.08), 16.77 (95% CI: 13.65–20.4), and 7.24 (95% CI: 6.5–8.04), respectively. Sudden-onset and gradual-onset injuries accounted for 36.7% and 43.4% of the total proportion of health problems. Hip/groin injuries had the highest incidence (1.58/1,000 h), whereas knee injuries had the highest burden (20.86 days lost/1,000 h). On average, the players experienced 3.33 health problems (average duration: 7.8 days). On average pr. player, 2.7 (95% CI: 2.2–3.3) wks of football exposure were lost.ConclusionSudden and gradual-onset injuries influenced player availability during the season. Health problem prevalence fluctuated markedly, and injury incidence was higher during match play than training. The players had substantial volumes of training beyond football-specific training and matches. Our findings could assist medical and sports science practitioneers in enhancing training and recovery processes to maximize player availability.
Percutaneous closure of subclavian iatrogenic injuries after central venous catheterization: a Latin American experience
Authors: Rey Chaves Carlos Eduardo , Orozco Claudia , Posada Eduardo , Gómez Zuleta María , Fajardo Ernesto , Barón Vladimir , Hernández Rodríguez Oscar Geovanny 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionArterial injuries following central venous catheterization (CVC) range between 0.1%–2.7%. The open surgical approach could be related to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Vascular closure devices (VCD) are often used for the management of these patients with a success rate of up to 80%.ObjectivesDescribe our experience in managing arterial vascular injuries following central venous catheterization with Perclose ProGlide (Abbott Vascular IncSanta Clara, CA, USA).MethodsA retrospective review of all patients over 18 years old who underwent percutaneous closure of arterial injuries following central venous catheterization in our center between January 2018 and May 2023 was included and reported with a 90-day follow-up.Results3 Patients were included, in all cases, access to the CVC were right with a subclavian artery injury. Ultrasound and fluoroscopy guide was used in all cases. For the 3 cases, a percutaneous technique using Perclose ProGlide (Abbott Vascular IncSanta Clara, CA, USA) was performed. With a 100% success rate, and no complications evidenced after 90 days of follow-up.ConclusionInadvertent arterial catheterization it's a non-negligible complication after CVC placement. VCD could be considered a safe and feasible approach for the management of these traumatic injuries.