bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pemberian Artificial Sweeteners Stevia terhadap Berat Badan, Profil Jaringan Lemak, Nilai Glukosa Darah, dan Kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) pada Tikus Galur Wistar serta Tinjauannya Menurut Pandangan Islam
Authors: Dhani Retno Noviar , Mukhtar Diniwati , Istiwara Endy Muhammad , Royhan Aan 
Published: November 2023

Penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD) merupakan penyebab utama kematian yang dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan kadar MDA dan pola makan yang tidak seimbang. Di Indonesia, CVD merupakan 1/3 dari penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas. Konsumsi artificial sweeteners stevia dapat dijadikan upaya pencegahan faktor risiko terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian artificial sweeteners stevia terhadap berat badan, profil jaringan lemak, nilai glukosa darah, dan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) pada Tikus Galur Wistar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah laboratorium eksperimental menggunakan desain one group pre-test, post-test, dan control group yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok (kontrol, artificial sweeteners stevia, dan gula dapur) selama 4 minggu. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Tikus Galur Wistar sebanyak 30 ekor. Pemberian artificial sweeteners stevia pada tikus galur wistar memberikan hasil yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan berat badan dan profil jaringan lemak (p<0,05). Namun, tidak signifikan terhadap nilai glukosa darah (sewakt u) (p>0,05) dan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA) (p>0,05). Terdapat pengaruh positif dari pemberian artificial sweetener stevia terhadap tikus galur wistar. Ditinjau dari perspektif Islam, konsumsi artificial sweetener stevia yaitu halal dan boleh digunakan untuk dikonsumsi karena mengandung banyak manfaat positif terhadap kesehatan dibandingkan mudharat yang akan diterima oleh manusia. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan durasi yang lebih lama mengenai variabel yang tidak terkontrol terkait keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini.
Perbandingan Berat Feses Template Kato-Katz Standar dengan Template Kato-Katz Akrilik Untuk Pemeriksaan Telur Cacing
Authors: Maulana Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

KATA KUNCI Berat feses, Template Kato-Katz ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan infeksi kecacingan dapat dilakukan dengan 2 metode, yaitu secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pemeriksaan kualitatif yaitu metode direct slide, sedangkan pemeriksaan kuantitatif yaitu metode Kato-Katz. Kemajuan pada bidang teknik kimia memperkenalkan material baru yaitu akrilik. Akrilik bisa diaplikasikan di bidang kesehatan contohnya pada pembuatan template Kato-Katz. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan berat feses template Kato Katz standar ketebalan template 1,5 mmdan diameter lubang 6 mmdengan template Kato-Katz akrilik ketebalan template 2 mmdan diameter lubang 6 mmuntuk pemeriksaan telur cacing serta memperoleh nilai faktor perkalian, untuk mendapatkan nilai EPG (Egg Per Gram). Jenis penelitian ini adalah Survey Analitik dengan rancangan Study Komparatif, jumlah populasi sebanyak 30 orang dengan sebanyak 30 sampel dan cara pengambilan menggunakan Teknik Total Sampling. Berat feses ditimbang menggunakan timbangan analitik menggunakan template standar lalu dibandingkan dengan berat feses menggunakan template akrilik. Didapatkan hasil rata-rata berat feses dengan template standar sebesar 41,80 mg dan berat template akrilik sebesar 43,22 mg, faktor perkalian yang didapat pada template standar adalah 24 dan pada template akrilik adalah 23. Berdasarkan uji statistik yang dilihat dari nilai sig. (2-tailed) didapatkan nilai signifikasi 0,000 yang menujukkan P<? (?=0,05), artinya terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara berat feses template Kato-Katz standar dengan template Kato-Katz akrilik untuk pemeriksaan telur cacing. Disarankan kepada peneliti selanjutnya melakukan penelitian pengaruh setiap jenis konsistensi feses dan menggunakan pengaturan yang lebih beragam.
The Relationship Between Mother's Attitude and Behavior to The Nutritional Status of Preschool Children in Kalanganyar District, Lebak, Banten and Its Overview from An Islamic
Authors: Fakhiroh Lulu , Indrawati Isna , Istiwara Endy Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

Background: The nutritional status of children under five is one measure of the success of health development, therefore it is necessary to pay attention to the nutrition of children under five. Factors that affect nutritional status can be divided into direct and indirect factors. Direct factors are determined by food intake and infectious diseases, while indirect factors include the availability of food in the family, parenting patterns, health services and environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of preschool children in Kalanganyar Lebak District, Banten. To find out the picture of parenting style on the nutritional status of preschool children in the District of Kalanganyar Lebak, Banten. To determine the relationship between maternal parenting behavior and the nutritional status of preschool children in Kalanganyar Lebak District, Banten. The method in this study used a quantitative type with correlation analytic, namely to see the relationship between attitudes and behavior of mother's parenting pattern towards the nutritional status of preschool children in Kalanganyar District, Lebak, Banten. Result: The results of this study from the bivariate test showed a p value of 0.0024 <0.05 which means that there is a relationship between mother's parenting behavior and children's nutritional status. The results of the bivariate analysis test showed a p value of 0.034 <0.05 which means that there is a relationship between mother's parenting behavior and children's nutritional status. Conclusion: The conclusion from this study is that there is a relationship between maternal parenting behavior and the nutritional status of preschool children in Kalanganyar District, Lebak Banten. There is a relationship between mother's parenting behavior and nutritional status of preschool children in the Kalanganyar sub-district, Lebak, Banten.
Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Faktor Risiko Penyakit Zoonosis di Desa Koncang Pandeglang Banten dan Tinjauannya Menurut Pandangan Islam
Authors: Halida Ezayffa Hizfar , Hardjanti Ambar , Arifandi Firman 
Published: November 2023

Pendahuluan: Zoonosis adalah penyakit menular yang ditularkan dari hewan ke masyarakat, begitu juga sebaliknya. Untuk mencegah terpaparnya penyakit zoonosis, masyarakat perlu memiliki kesadaran terhadap faktor-faktor yang berisiko menyebabkan penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesadaran masyarakat, meliputi pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku, mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku, serta hubungan sikap dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap faktor risiko penyakit zoonosis di Desa Koncang Pandeglang Banten dan tinjauannya menurut pandangan Islam. Metodologi: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode penelitian survei dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Cara penetapan sampel adalah Purposive Random Sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Koncang dengan total 49 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara.Hasil: Dari hasil analisa, didapatkan 51% responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang sangat baik terhadap faktor risiko penyakit zoonosis. 49% responden memiliki sikap yang baik. 55% responden memiliki perilaku yang sangat baik. Perilaku seluruh responden tergolong baik, dan hanya 7 orang memiliki pengetahuan yang buruk, dan 1 orang memiliki sikap yang buruk. Hasi uji Chi Square pada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku menunjukkan hasil 0,75 (p>0,05). Sedangkan pada hubungan antara sikap dan perilaku menunjukkan hasil 0,276 (p>0.05).Kesimpulan: Secara keseluruhan, masyarakat Desa Koncang memiliki pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku yang baik terhadap faktor risiko penyakit zoonosis. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap faktor risiko penyakit zoonosis. Menunjukkan hasil yang serupa, tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap faktor risiko penyakit zoonosis.
Carbon source–dependent capsule thickness regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Werren Joel P. , Mostacci Nadja , Gjuroski Ilche , Holivololona Lalaina , Troxler Lukas J. , Hathaway Lucy J. , Furrer Julien , Hilty Markus 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe polysaccharide capsule of Streptococcus pneumoniae plays a major role in virulence, adherence to epithelial cells, and overall survival of the bacterium in the human host. Galactose, mannose, and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) are likely to be relevant for metabolization in the nasopharynx, while glucose is the primary carbon source in the blood. In this study, we aim to further the understanding of the influence of carbon sources on pneumococcal growth, capsule biosynthesis, and subsequent adherence potential.MethodsWe tested the growth behavior of clinical wild-type and capsule knockout S. pneumoniae strains, using galactose, GlcNAc, mannose, and glucose as carbon source for growth. We measured capsule thickness and quantified capsule precursors by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran exclusion assays and 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements, respectively. We also performed epithelial adherence assays using Detroit 562 cells and performed a transcriptome analysis (RNA sequencing).ResultsWe observed a reduced growth in galactose, mannose, and GlcNAc compared to growth in glucose and found capsular size reductions in mannose and GlcNAc compared to galactose and glucose. Additionally, capsular precursor measurements of uridine diphosphate-(UDP)-glucose and UDP-galactose showed less accumulation of precursors in GlcNAc or mannose than in glucose and galactose, indicating a possible link with the received capsular thickness measurements. Epithelial adherence assays showed an increase in adherence potential for a pneumococcal strain, when grown in mannose compared to glucose. Finally, transcriptome analysis of four clinical isolates revealed not only strain specific but also common carbon source-specific gene expression.ConclusionOur findings may indicate a careful adaption of the lifestyle of S. pneumoniae according to the monosaccharides encountered in the respective human niche.
Does sacubitril/valsartan work in children with heart failure?—a pilot study
Authors: Xu Yahe , Zhang Mingjie , Chen Yijun , Chen Xi , Song Wenting , Zhu Limin , Liu Liping , Gong Xiaolei , Zhang Yuqi , Xu Zhuoming 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor neprilysin antagonist (ARNI) approved for adult heart failure (HF). Its safety and efficacy in pediatric HF patients with cardiomyopathy or congenital heart disease are poorly understood. A pilot study was conducted to assess the clinical response, efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in this population at a tertiary care hospital in China.MethodsClinical parameters of patients who received sacubitril/valsartan from January 2019 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Children over 1 month with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt;45% were included. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by echocardiographic LVEF, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), New York Heart Association (NYHA) HF classification, HF re-admission, and death or transplantation. The initial dose was either 0.2 mg/kg bid or 0.4 mg/kg bid, with a target dose of 2.3 mg/kg bid or 3.1 mg/kg bid.ResultsForty-five patients (60% male) with a median age of 7.86 years were enrolled. Among them, 23 had congenital heart disease and 22 had cardiomyopathies. The median maintenance dose was 0.76 mg/kg. The primary endpoint of LVEF up to 45% was reached by 24 patients (53.3%). The median NT-proBNP was significantly decreased from 5,501.5 pg/ml to 2,241.5 pg/ml (P &lt; 0.001), more in congenital heart disease than in cardiomyopathies (P = 0.032). The NYHA HF class was improved or remained stable in 42 cases (93.3%). During a median follow-up of 1.23 years, 13 patients (28.9%) were re-hospitalized due to HF, and 9 patients (20%) died or underwent transplantation. Hypotension was the main adverse event, occurring in 8 patients.ConclusionsSacubitril/valsartan may be effective in children with HF, but its safety and outcomes may differ depending on the etiology and anatomy of HF. Early post-operative congenital heart disease patients had less tolerance, more hypotension but better recovery and outcomes, while mid- and late- post-operative congenital heart disease patients and cardiomyopathy patients had less side effects but poorer clinical outcomes.
Reducing carbon emission in the goat farms by switching from conventional goat farming to green goat farm typology
Authors: Canan Selime 
Published: November 2023

The carbon footprint of goat farms associated with the management type and the income sacrifice to switch to green goat farms are still not precise in the literature. Therefore, the objectives of this study were 1) to assess the environmental impacts of goat farming associated with management typology in Türkiye and 2) to explore the link between farm-level income sacrifice and the amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction. Goat farm-level data were collected from randomly selected 284 goat farms through a questionnaire. Environmental impacts of goat farming associated with the management typology were examined using the life cycle assessment (LCA). The GHG emissions were calculated both for the whole goat farm associated with the management type and for individual goat products such as milk, meat, mohair, and replacement. The research results showed that Turkish goat farms emitted GHG emissions for the production of per kg of meat, milk, and mohair by 9.85 kg CO2-eq, 8 kg CO2-eq, and 0.28 kg CO2-eq, respectively. Goat farms in management type 1 emitted the highest GHG emission in a year, while that of goat farms in type 5 was the lowest. The research results also showed that the environmental impact and farm-level income sacrifice per kg GHG emission reduction to reach the level of environmentally friendly goat farms varied according to the management type of goat farms. Typical Turkish goat farms gained agricultural income by 2.47 USD per kg of GHG emission. The amount of agricultural income gained per kg GHG emission varied according to typology. Based on the research results, typical Turkish goat farms faced with an income sacrifice of 2.85 USD per kg GHG emission reduction to reach the level of environmentally friendly goat farms having minimum GHG emission in a year. Turkish goat farms emitted 0.49 kg CO2-eq per USD of agricultural production expenses. The study suggests switching from a conventional management type to environmentally friendly management type goat farms. Facilitating the accessibility of financial resources may enhance the switching process through benefiting investments in infrastructure, equipment, and research and development. Creating resource-efficient and environmentally friendly goat farms by subsidizing the goat farms may decrease GHG emissions.
The unique immune ecosystems in pediatric brain tumors: integrating single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing
Authors: Cao Liangliang , Xie Wanqun , Ma Wenkun , Zhao Heng , Wang Jiajia , Liang Zhuangzhuang , Tian Shuaiwei , Wang Baocheng , Ma Jie 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe significant progress of immune therapy in non-central nervous system tumors has sparked interest in employing the same strategy for adult brain tumors. However, the advancement of immunotherapy in pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors is not yet on par. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive comparative studies investigating the immune ecosystem in pediatric and adult CNS tumors at a high-resolution single-cell level.MethodsIn this study, we comprehensively analyzed over 0.3 million cells from 171 samples, encompassing adult gliomas (IDH wild type and IDH mutation) as well as four major types of pediatric brain tumors (medulloblastoma (MB), ependymoma (EPN), H3K27M-mutation (DIPG), and pediatric IDH-mutation glioma (P-IDH-M)). Our approach involved integrating publicly available and newly generated single-cell datasets. We compared the immune landscapes in different brain tumors, as well as the detailed functional phenotypes of T-cell and myeloid subpopulations. Through single-cell analysis, we identified gene sets associated with major cell types in the tumor microenvironment (gene features from single-cell data, scFes) and compared them with existing gene sets such as GSEA and xCell. The CBTTC and external GEO cohort was used to analyze and validate the immune-stromal-tumor patterns in pediatric brain tumors which might potentially respond to the immunotherapy.ResultsFrom the perspective of single-cell analysis, it was observed that major pediatric brain tumors (MB, EPN, P-IDH-M, DIPG) exhibited lower immune contents compared with adult gliomas. Additionally, these pediatric brain tumors displayed diverse immunophenotypes, particularly in regard to myeloid cells. Notably, the presence of HLA-enriched myeloid cells in MB was found to be independently associated with prognosis. Moreover, the scFes, when compared with commonly used gene features, demonstrated superior performance in independent single-cell datasets across various tumor types. Furthermore, our study revealed the existence of heterogeneous immune ecosystems at the bulk-RNA sequencing level among different brain tumor types. In addition, we identified several immune-stromal-tumor patterns that could potentially exhibit significant responses to conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors.ConclusionThe single-cell technique provides a rational path to deeply understand the unique immune ecosystem of pediatric brain tumors. In spite of the traditional attitudes of “cold” tumor towards pediatric brain tumor, the immune-stroma-tumor patterns identified in this study suggest the feasibility of immune checkpoint inhibitors and pave the way for the upcoming tide of immunotherapy in pediatric brain tumors.
Semaphorin 7A is protective during inflammatory peritonitis through integrin receptor signaling
Authors: Körner Andreas , Köhler David , Schneider Mariella , Roth Judith M. , Granja Tiago F. , Eggstein Claudia , Mirakaj Valbona , Rosenberger Peter 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe study explores the role of endothelial Semaphorin 7A (SEMA7A) in inflammatory processes. SEMA7A is known for enhancing inflammation during tissue hypoxia and exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties in the intestinal system during colitis. This research extends the understanding of SEMA7A's function by examining its role in inflammatory peritonitis and intestinal inflammation.MethodsThe research involved inducing peritonitis in SEMA7A knockout (SEMA7A-/-) and wild-type (WT) animals through Zymosan A (ZyA) injection. The inflammatory response was assessed by measuring cell count and cytokine release. In parallel, the study investigated the expression of SEMA7A in intestinal epithelial cells under inflammatory stimuli and its impact on interleukin 10 (IL-10) production using an in vitro co-culture model of monocytes and epithelial cells. Additionally, the distribution of SEMA7A target receptors, particularly ITGAV/ITGB1 (CD51/CD29), was analyzed in WT animals.ResultsThe results revealed that SEMA7A-/- animals exhibited increased inflammatory peritonitis compared to the WT animals. Inflammatory conditions in intestinal epithelial cells led to the induction of SEMA7A. The co-culture experiments demonstrated that SEMA7A induced IL-10 production, which depended on integrin receptors and was independent of PLXNC1 expression. Furthermore, ITGAV/ITGB1 emerged as the predominant SEMA7A receptor in the intestinal area of WT animals.DiscussionThese findings underscore the multifaceted role of SEMA7A in inflammatory processes. The differential responses in peritonitis and intestinal inflammation suggest that SEMA7A's function is significantly influenced by the expression and distribution of its target receptors within different organ systems. The study highlights the complex and context-dependent nature of SEMA7A in mediating inflammatory responses.
Aztreonam-avibactam synergy, a validation and comparison of diagnostic tools
Authors: Verschelden Gil , Noeparast Maxim , Stoefs Anke , Van Honacker Eveline , Vandoorslaer Kristof , Vandervore Laura , Olbrecht Margo , Van Damme Kathleen , Demuyser Thomas , Piérard Denis , Wybo Ingrid 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance is a growing problem that necessitates the development of new therapeutic options. Cefiderocol and aztreonam (AT) are often the last active β-lactams for treating metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)-producing Gram-negative bacilli. In these difficult-to-treat bacterial strains, AT resistance is frequently attributed to the co-occurrence of other resistance mechanisms. In the case of β-lactamases they can often be inhibited by avibactam. In the present study, we evaluated the use of the double-disc synergy test (DDST) as a screening tool for the detection of synergy between AT-avibactam (ATA). We validated both the Gradient Diffusion Strips (GDSs) superposition method and the commercially available Liofilchem’s ATA GDS.Materials and methodsWe tested AT susceptibility in combination with ceftazidime-avibactam for 65 strains, including 18 Serine-β-Lactamase (SBL)- and 24 MBL-producing Enterobacterales, 12 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa, and 11 S. maltophilia isolates. Interpretation was done with EUCAST breakpoints (version 13.0), AT breakpoints being used for ATA. The accuracy and validity of the GDSs superposition method and ATA GDS were evaluated using an AT GDS applied on Mueller Hinton Agar plates supplemented with avibactam (MH-AV). A DDST was performed to screen for synergy between antibiotic combinations.ResultsUsing MH-AV, all SBL- and MBL-positive Enterobacterales were susceptible or susceptible at increased exposure to the combination AT-avibactam. In contrast, only 2 out of the 12 (17%) P. aeruginosa strains and 9/11 (82%) of the S. maltophilia strains were susceptible- or susceptible at increased exposure for the combination of AT-avibactam. The DDST detected all synergies, demonstrating a 100% sensitivity and 100% negative predictive value for all bacterial strains.ConclusionThe DDST is a sensitive tool for screening for antibiotic synergy. Unlike S. maltophilia and SBL- and MBL-positive Enterobacterales, most MBL-positive P. aeruginosa strains remain resistant to AT-avibactam. ATA GDS should be preferred for MIC determination of the AT-avibactam combination, while the GDSs superposition method can be used as an alternative to the commercial test.