bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography of a widespread Australian freshwater fish, western carp gudgeon (Eleotridae: Hypseleotris klunzingeri): Cryptic species, hybrid zones, and strong intra‐specific divergences
Authors: Unmack Peter J. , Cook Benjamin D. , Johnson Jerald B. , Hammer Michael P. , Adams Mark 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite belonging to the most abundant and widespread genus of freshwater fishes in the region, the carp gudgeons of eastern Australia (genus Hypseleotris) have proved taxonomically and ecologically problematic to science since the 19th century. Several molecular studies and a recent taxonomic revision have now shed light on the complex biology and evolutionary history that underlies this group. These studies have demonstrated that carp gudgeons include a sexual/unisexual complex (five sexual species plus an assortment of hemiclonal lineages), many members of which also co‐occur with an independent sexual relative, the western carp gudgeon (H. klunzingeri). Here, we fill yet another knowledge gap for this important group by presenting a detailed molecular phylogeographic assessment of the western carp gudgeon across its entire and extensive geographic range. We use a suite of nuclear genetic markers (SNPs and allozymes) plus a matrilineal genealogy (cytb) to demonstrate that H. klunzingeri s.l. also displays considerable taxonomic and phylogeographic complexity. All molecular datasets concur in recognizing the presence of multiple candidate species, two instances of historic between‐species admixture, and the existence of a natural hybrid zone between two of the three candidate species found in the Murray–Darling Basin. We also discuss the major phylogeographic patterns evident within each taxon. Together, these analyses provide a robust molecular, taxonomic, and distributional framework to underpin future morphological and ecological investigations on this prominent member of regional freshwater ecosystems in eastern Australia.
Towards Responsive Spiroborate‐Based Assemblies of Podand‐Type Ligands Functionalized with Two Terminal/Peripheral Catecholate Moieties in the Presence of Alkali Cations
Authors: Florent Maxime , Witt Florine , Fluck Audrey , Kyritsakas Nathalie , Planeix Jean‐Marc , Guenet Aurélie , Hosseini Mir Wais 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of two ligands bearing two terminal catecholate binding sites connected by an oligo(ethyleneglycol) bridge of two distinct lengths and their self‐assembly upon boron coordination and alkali cation binding (M=Li, Na, K, Cs) are reported. Attempts to synthesize positional isomers of the ligands are also described. Binding of the four alkali cations M+ through M−O interactions was studied depending on the length of the oligo(ethyleneglycol) chain in solution by 1H and DOSY NMR, mass spectrometry (MS) and in the solid‐state by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) on single crystals. MS spectrometry as well as 1H NMR revealed the presence of monomeric and oligomeric spiroborate compounds. Two monomeric macrocycles could be characterized by XRD, entrapping either lithium or cesium cations within the spiroborate macrocycle.
Developing a predictive model for mortality in patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Sugimoto Taiki , Sakurai Takashi , Noguchi Taiji , Komatsu Ayane , Nakagawa Takeshi , Ueda Ikue , Osawa Aiko , Lee Sangyoon , Shimada Hiroyuki , Kuroda Yujiro , Fujita Kosuke , Matsumoto Nanae , Uchida Kazuaki , Kishino Yoshinobu , Ono Rei , Arai Hidenori , Saito Tami 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe developed a predictive model for all‐cause mortality and examined the risk factors for cause‐specific mortality among people with cognitive impairment in a Japanese memory clinic‐based cohort (2010–2018).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included people aged ≥65 years with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. The survival status was assessed based on the response of participants or their close relatives via a postal survey. Potential predictors including demographic and lifestyle‐related factors, functional status, and behavioral and psychological status were assessed at the first visit at the memory clinic. A backward stepwise Cox regression model was used to select predictors, and a predictive model was developed using a regression coefficient‐based scoring approach. The discrimination and calibration were assessed via Harrell's C‐statistic and a calibration plot, respectively.ResultsA total of 2610 patients aged ≥65 years (men, 38.3%) were analyzed. Over a mean follow‐up of 4.1 years, 544 patients (20.8%) died. Nine predictors were selected from the sociodemographic and clinical variables: age, sex, body mass index, gait performance, physical activity, and ability for instrumental activities of daily living, cognitive function, and self‐reported comorbidities (pulmonary disease and diabetes). The model showed good discrimination and calibration for 1–5‐year mortality (Harrell's C‐statistic, 0.739–0.779). Some predictors were specifically associated with cause‐specific mortality.ConclusionsThis predictive model has good discriminative ability for 1‐ to 5‐year mortality and can be easily implemented for people with mild cognitive impairment and all stages of dementia referred to a memory clinic.
Bayesian longitudinal tensor response regression for modeling neuroplasticity
Authors: Kundu Suprateek , Reinhardt Alec , Song Serena , Han Joo , Meadows M. Lawson , Crosson Bruce , Krishnamurthy Venkatagiri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA major interest in longitudinal neuroimaging studies involves investigating voxel‐level neuroplasticity due to treatment and other factors across visits. However, traditional voxel‐wise methods are beset with several pitfalls, which can compromise the accuracy of these approaches. We propose a novel Bayesian tensor response regression approach for longitudinal imaging data, which pools information across spatially distributed voxels to infer significant changes while adjusting for covariates. The proposed method, which is implemented using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, utilizes low‐rank decomposition to reduce dimensionality and preserve spatial configurations of voxels when estimating coefficients. It also enables feature selection via joint credible regions which respect the shape of the posterior distributions for more accurate inference. In addition to group level inferences, the method is able to infer individual‐level neuroplasticity, allowing for examination of personalized disease or recovery trajectories. The advantages of the proposed approach in terms of prediction and feature selection over voxel‐wise regression are highlighted via extensive simulation studies. Subsequently, we apply the approach to a longitudinal Aphasia dataset consisting of task functional MRI images from a group of subjects who were administered either a control intervention or intention treatment at baseline and were followed up over subsequent visits. Our analysis revealed that while the control therapy showed long‐term increases in brain activity, the intention treatment produced predominantly short‐term changes, both of which were concentrated in distinct localized regions. In contrast, the voxel‐wise regression failed to detect any significant neuroplasticity after multiplicity adjustments, which is biologically implausible and implies lack of power.
Identifying potential predictable indicators for the management of tertiary hospitals
Authors: Cossio‐Gil Yolima , Pérez‐Sádaba Francisco Javier , Ribera Jaume , Giménez Emmanuel , Marte Luís , Ramos Rosa , Aurin Eva , Peterlunger Michael , Steinbrink Jens , Bottinelli Elena Angela Maria , Nelson Nina , Seveke Lynn , Garin Noe , Velasco Cesar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe European University Hospitals Alliance (EUHA) recognises the need to move from the classical approach of measuring key performance indicators (KPIs) to an anticipative approach based on predictable indicators to take decisions (Key Decision Indicators, KDIs). It might help managers to anticipate poor results before they occur to prevent or correct them early.ObjectiveThis paper aims to identify potential KDIs and to prioritize those most relevant for high complexity hospitals.MethodsA narrative review was performed to identify KPIs with the potential to become KDIs. Then, two surveys were conducted with EUHA hospital managers (n = 51) to assess potential KDIs according to their relevance for decision‐making (Value) and their availability and effort required to be predicted (Feasibility). Potential KDIs are prioritized for testing as predictable indicators and developing in the short term if they were classified as highly Value and Feasible.ResultsThe narrative review identified 45 potential KDIs out of 153 indicators and 11 were prioritized. Of nine EUHA hospitals, 25 members from seven answered, prioritizing KDIs related to the emergency department (ED), hospitalisation and surgical processes (n = 8), infrastructure and resources (n = 2) and health outcomes and quality (n = 1). The highest scores in this group were for those related to ED. The results were homogeneous among the different hospitals.ConclusionsPotential KDIs related to care processes and hospital patient flow was the most prioritized ones to test as being predictable. KDIs represent a new approach to decision‐making, whose potential to be predicted could impact the planning and management of hospital resources and, therefore, healthcare quality.
Pathogenic alterations in PIK3CA and KMT2C are frequent and independent prognostic factors in anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with salvage abdominoperineal resection
Authors: Hamza Abderaouf , Masliah‐Planchon Julien , Neuzillet Cindy , Lefèvre Jérémie H. , Svrcek Magali , Vacher Sophie , Bourneix Christine , Delaye Matthieu , Goéré Diane , Dartigues Peggy , Samalin Emmanuelle , Hilmi Marc , Lazartigues Julien , Girard Elodie , Emile Jean‐François , Rigault Eugénie , Dangles‐Marie Virginie , Rioux‐Leclercq Nathalie , de la Fouchardière Christelle , Tougeron David , Casadei‐Gardini Andrea , Mariani Pascale , Peschaud Frédérique , Cacheux Wulfran , Lièvre Astrid , Bièche Ivan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe management of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) has yet to experience the transformative impact of precision medicine. Conducting genomic analyses may uncover novel prognostic biomarkers and offer potential directions for the development of targeted therapies. To that end, we assessed the prognostic and theragnostic implications of pathogenic variants identified in 571 cancer‐related genes from surgical samples collected from a homogeneous, multicentric French cohort of 158 ASCC patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection treatment. Alterations in PI3K/AKT/mTOR, chromatin remodeling, and Notch pathways were frequent in HPV‐positive tumors, while HPV‐negative tumors often harbored variants in cell cycle regulation and genome integrity maintenance genes (e.g., frequent TP53 and TERT promoter mutations). In patients with HPV‐positive tumors, KMT2C and PIK3CA exon 9/20 pathogenic variants were associated with worse overall survival in multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio (HR)KMT2C = 2.54, 95%CI = [1.25,5.17], P value = .010; HRPIK3CA = 2.43, 95%CI = [1.3,4.56], P value = .006). Alterations with theragnostic value in another cancer type was detected in 43% of patients. These results suggest that PIK3CA and KMT2C pathogenic variants are independent prognostic factors in patients with ASCC with HPV‐positive tumors treated by abdominoperineal resection. And, importantly, the high prevalence of alterations bearing potential theragnostic value strongly supports the use of genomic profiling to allow patient enrollment in precision medicine clinical trials.
Receptor interacting protein kinase‐3 mediates both myopathy and cardiomyopathy in preclinical animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Bencze Maximilien , Periou Baptiste , Punzón Isabel , Barthélémy Inès , Taglietti Valentina , Hou Cyrielle , Zaidan Louai , Kefi Kaouthar , Blot Stéphane , Agbulut Onnik , Gervais Marianne , Derumeaux Geneviève , Authier François‐Jérôme , Tiret Laurent , Relaix Fréderic 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle degenerative disorder, culminating in a complete loss of ambulation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a fatal cardiorespiratory failure.Necroptosis is the form of necrosis that is dependent upon the receptor‐interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 3; it is involved in several inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions. We previously identified RIPK3 as a key player in the acute myonecrosis affecting the hindlimb muscles of the mdx dystrophic mouse model. Whether necroptosis also mediates respiratory and heart disorders in DMD is currently unknown.MethodsEvidence of activation of the necroptotic axis was examined in dystrophic tissues from Golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dogs and R‐DMDdel52 rats. A functional assessment of the involvement of necroptosis in dystrophic animals was performed on mdx mice that were genetically depleted for RIPK3. Dystrophic mice aged from 12 to 18 months were analysed by histology and molecular biology to compare the phenotype of muscles from mdxRipk3+/+and mdxRipk3−/− mice. Heart function was also examined by echocardiography in 40‐week‐old mice.ResultsRIPK3 expression in sartorius and biceps femoris muscles from GRMD dogs positively correlated to myonecrosis levels (r = 0.81; P = 0.0076). RIPK3 was also found elevated in the diaphragm (P ≤ 0.05). In the slow‐progressing heart phenotype of GRMD dogs, the phosphorylated form of RIPK1 at the Serine 161 site was dramatically increased in cardiomyocytes. A similar p‐RIPK1 upregulation characterized the cardiomyocytes of the severe DMDdel52 rat model, associated with a marked overexpression of Ripk1 (P = 0.007) and Ripk3 (P = 0.008), indicating primed activation of the necroptotic pathway in the dystrophic heart. MdxRipk3−/− mice displayed decreased compensatory hypertrophy of the heart (P = 0.014), and echocardiography showed a 19% increase in the relative wall thickness (P < 0.05) and 29% reduction in the left ventricle mass (P = 0.0144). Besides, mdxRipk3−/− mice presented no evidence of a regenerative default or sarcopenia in skeletal muscles, moreover around 50% less affected by fibrosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur data highlight molecular and histological evidence that the necroptotic pathway is activated in degenerative tissues from dystrophic animal models, including the diaphragm and the heart. We also provide the genetic proof of concept that selective inhibition of necroptosis in dystrophic condition improves both histological features of muscles and cardiac function, suggesting that prevention of necroptosis is susceptible to providing multiorgan beneficial effects for DMD.
Advances in imaging of the lacrimal gland in Sjögren's syndrome: A narrative review
Authors: Zhong Wenxing , Zhang Hua , Ran Haitao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary and lacrimal glands, Sjogren's syndrome (SS), a systemic autoimmune illness that mostly affects the exocrine glands, causes dry mouth (xerostomia) and dry eyes (xerophthalmia). Additionally, SS is associated with various comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, infections, musculoskeletal diseases, and cancers. Among patients with SS, xerophthalmia frequently arises as a complication, leading to insufficient tear production or rapid tear evaporation, thereby causing discomfort, irritation, and a gritty sensation in the eyes. This article aims to examine recent advancements in the imaging of the lacrimal gland in Sjögren's syndrome and briefly discusses the utilization of various imaging examinations for the lacrimal gland in this particular disease.
Change in HIV‐related characteristics of children hospitalised with infectious diseases in Western Cape, South Africa, 2008–2021: a time trend analysis
Authors: de Beer Shani T. , Slogrove Amy L. , Eley Brian , Ingle Suzanne M. , Jones Hayley E. , Phelanyane Florence , Anderson Kim , Kalk Emma , Boulle Andrew , Davies Mary‐Ann 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionWith the scaling up of vertical HIV transmission prevention programmes, the HIV‐related population profile of children in South Africa has shifted. We described temporal changes in HIV‐related characteristics of children, aged ≤3 years (up to the third birthday), with infectious disease hospitalisations across the Western Cape province.MethodsWe used routinely collected electronic data to identify children born in the Western Cape with infectious disease hospital records for lower respiratory tract infections, diarrhoea, meningitis and tuberculous meningitis, from 2008 to 2021. Linked maternal and child unique identifiers were used to extract pregnancy, HIV‐related, laboratory, pharmacy and hospitalisation data. We described temporal changes in child HIV exposure and acquisition status, timing of maternal HIV diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy (ART) start, infant exposure to maternal ART and timing thereof, and maternal CD4 and HIV viral load closest to delivery. We used logistic and multinomial regression to assess changes in characteristics between the Pre‐Option B+ (2008–2013), Option B+ (2013–2016) and Universal ART periods (2016–2021).ResultsAmong 52,811 children aged ≤3 years with hospitalisations, the proportion living with HIV dreased from 7.0% (2008) to 1.1% (2021), while those exposed to HIV and uninfected increased from 14.0% (2008) to 16.1% (2021) with a peak of 18.3% in 2017. Among mothers with HIV (n = 9873), the proportion diagnosed with HIV and starting ART before pregnancy increased from 20.2% to 69.2% and 5.8% to 59.0%, respectively, between 2008 and 2021. Children hospitalised during the Universal ART period had eight times higher odds (Odds Ratio: 8.41; 95% CI: 7.36–9.61) of exposure to maternal ART versus children admitted Pre‐Option B+. Among mothers of children exposed to HIV and uninfected with CD4 records (n = 7523), the proportion with CD4 <350 cells/μl decreased from 90.6% (2008) to 27.8% (2021).ConclusionsIn recent years, among children hospitalised with infectious diseases, there were fewer children with perinatally acquired HIV, while an increased proportion of those without HIV acquisition are exposed to maternal HIV and ART. There is a need to look beyond paediatric HIV prevalence and consider child exposure to HIV and ART among children without HIV, when assessing the HIV epidemic's impact on child health services.
Children of a syndemic: co‐occurring and mutually reinforcing adverse child health exposures in a prospective cohort of HIV‐affected mother‐infant dyads in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: le Roux Stanzi M. , Abrams Elaine J. , Zerbe Allison , Phillips Tamsin K. , Myer Landon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSeveral HIV‐related syndemics have been described among adults. We investigated syndemic vulnerability to hazardous drinking (HD), intimate partner violence (IPV) and household food insecurity (HFIS) in breastfed children born without HIV in urban South Africa. We compared those who were perinatally HIV exposed (CHEU) to those who were not (CHU), under conditions of universal maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) and breastfeeding.MethodsA prospective cohort of pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV), and without HIV, were enrolled and followed with their infants for 12 months postpartum (2013–2017). All WLHIV initiated antenatal efavirenz‐based ART. Measurements of growth (∼3 monthly), infectious cause hospitalisation, ambulatory childhood illness (2‐week recall) and neurodevelopment (BSID‐III, measured at ∼12 months’ age) were compared across bio‐social strata using generalised linear regression models, with interaction terms; maternal data included interview‐based measures for HD (AUDIT‐C), IPV (WHO VAW) and HFIS.ResultsAmong 872 breastfeeding mother‐infant pairs (n = 461 CHEU, n = 411 CHU), WLHIV (vs. HIV negative) reported more unemployment (279/461, 60% vs. 217/411, 53%; p = 0.02), incomplete secondary education (347/461, 75% vs. 227/411, 55%; p < 0.0001), HD (25%, 117/459 vs. 7%, 30/411; p < 0.0001) and IPV (22%, 101/457 vs. 8%, 32/411; p < 0.0001) at enrolment; and HFIS at 12 months (45%, 172/386 vs. 30%, 105/352; p > 0.0001). There were positive interactions between maternal HIV and other characteristics. Compared to food secure CHU, the mean difference (95% CI) in weight‐for‐age Z‐score (WAZ) was 0.06 (−0.14; 0.25) for food insecure CHU; −0.26 (−0.42; −0.10) for food secure CHEU; and −0.43 (−0.61; −0.25), for food insecure CHEU. Results were similar for underweight (WAZ < −2), infectious‐cause hospitalisation, cognitive and motor delay. HIV‐IPV interactions were evident for ambulatory diarrhoea and motor delay. There were HIV‐HD interactions for odds of underweight, stunting, cognitive and motor delay. Compared to HD‐unexposed CHU, the odds ratios (95% CI) of underweight were 2.31 (1.11; 4.82) for HD‐exposed CHU; 3.57 (0.84; 15.13) for HD‐unexposed CHEU and 6.01 (2.22; 16.22) for HD‐exposed CHEU.ConclusionsThese data suggest that maternal HIV‐related syndemics may partly drive excess CHEU health risks, highlighting an urgent need for holistic maternal and family care and support alongside ART to optimise the health of CHEU.
High‐Performance Silicon Photonic Filter Using Subwavelength‐Structure Multimode Waveguide Gratings
Authors: Liu Dajian , He Jianghao , Zhu Mingyu , Xiang Yuluan , Zhang Long , Zhang Ming , Xu Yang , Dai Daoxin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn‐chip photonic filters are one of the most important elements for spectrum manipulation in various optical systems, including wavelength‐division multiplexing and spectrum analysis. Currently, it is still very challenging to achieve scalable photonic filters with flexibly‐designed bandwidths, low excess losses, flat tops, and ultra‐wide free‐spectral ranges (FSRs). Here an unprecedented silicon photonic filter is proposed and demonstrated with high performances by using apodised antisymmetric multimode subwavelength gratings (MSWGs) structures. For the present silicon photonic filter, the MSWGs enable the index engineering in the Bragg lattice, which easily manipulates the coupling coefficient, the local effective index, and the mode profile flexibly. As a result, the strong side lobes of the grating filter are efficiently suppressed, while the bandwidth can be designed flexibly and the FSR is free. The fabricated silicon photonic filter is FSR‐free and shows a low excess loss of <1 dB and a high sidelobe suppression ratio of 20–40 dB.
HOW LEADERS CAN BUILD COMMON UNDERSTANDING, PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY, AND PROSOCIAL PURPOSE
Authors: Burkus David 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author, an “organizational psychologist by training, and now a writer and keynote speaker who helps organizations understand and apply evidence‐based leadership insights,” discusses the importance of teams and especially team cultures. He notes that “creating high‐performing teams through culture is the goal, but many of us are uncertain about the approach.” He explains common or shared understanding, illustrated with an example from Chris Hadfield’s leadership during Expedition 35 on the International Space Station (ISS). He builds on Amy Edmondson’s psychological safety construct, with an example from Maggie Wilderotter, who turned around Frontier Communications in 2004. Another construct is prosocial purpose, building on the research of Wharton professor Adam Grant. Within this example the author explores KPMG and two of its highly successful internal campaigns, the “10,000 Stories Challenge,” and “We Shape History.” One positive result from the campaigns: “KPMG ascended seventeen places on Fortune magazine’s list of the 100 Best Companies To Work For, surpassing all other “big four” accounting firms.” Regarding leadership behavior within teamwork, the author cautions that “leaders who advocate for teamwork but fail to acknowledge their own imperfections (and thus the team’s growth opportunities) quickly lose credibility and the trust of their team.”