bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FocalPoint slide classification algorithms show robust performance in classification of high‐grade lesions on SurePath liquid‐based cervical cytology slides
Authors: Parker Elizabeth M. , Foti Joseph A. , Wilbur David C. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe FocalPoint Primary Screening System (FPPS) operates by assigning scores to each slide relative to the probability that an abnormality is present. This information ranks each slide within five “quintiles” (1 = highest risk, 5 = lowest risk) of the “review” population, allowing examining cytologists to understand the risk inherent in each slide. Such information helps to make the primary and quality control rescreening processes most efficient. This study examines the efficiency of AutoPap scoring and, thus, stratification of high‐grade cases within a clinical trial setting. A total of 1,275 SurePath (TriPath, Burlington, NC) slides were screened on the FPPS. There were 124 high‐grade cases in the set (32 HSIL, 5 AIS, and 87 cancers) as determined by cytologic truth adjudication. The efficiency of FPPS ranking was determined by analysis of the numbers of high‐grade cases ranked into quintiles 1 (top 20%) and 1+2 (top 40%). FPPS places cases scored as “unsatisfactory” (HSIL, 3; Cancer, 18) into quintile 5 to ensure a manual review. These cases were excluded from the analysis. Overall, 58% of high‐grade slides were classified as Q1 and 83% were classified as Q1+Q2. For HSIL, 66% were classified as Q1 and 90% as Q1+Q2. For Cancer, 59% were classified as Q1 and 84% as Q1+Q2. No high‐grade slides were ranked in the lower “no review” population (slides that would receive no manual examination). The results confirm the robust performance of the FPPS classification algorithm. Far more high‐grade slides are classified into the top two quintiles than would be expected by random chance alone (20% and 40%, respectively). These results validate the safety and effectiveness of this device on SurePath liquid‐based slides. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:107–110. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gliosarcoma: Cytopathologic characteristics on fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and intraoperative touch imprint
Authors: Parwani Anil V. , Berman David , Burger Peter C. , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractGliosarcoma (GS) is a rare subtype of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which shows a dimorphic population of glial and mesenchymal elements. The cytopathology of GS to our knowledge has not been previously described. Although prognostically insignificant within the group of GBM, an accurate recognition of this subtype may help to rule out other morphologically similar primary and metastatic central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms. Thirteen cases of histologically confirmed GS with concomitant touch imprints (TI) or prior fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) were retrieved from the files of The Johns Hopkins Hospital (1985–2002). A comprehensive review of the clinico‐radiologic, cytologic, and histologic material was undertaken to define the morphologic characteristics of GS. Material was obtained via computerized tomography (CT)‐guided needle biopsy. Slides were stained with DiffQuik® and/or hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains. Smears were highly cellular and showed a high‐grade neoplasm with glial and mesenchymal elements. The latter component, however, predominated and showed a variety of phenotypic patterns, which included fibrosarcoma‐like, rhabdoid type, osteoclastic giant cell type, undifferentiated type, and tumor with heterologous components (such as chondroid or osteoid tissue). A rich arborizing capillary network was evident, as were a high mitosis/karyorrhexis index and foci of necrosis. The glial component consisted of pleomorphic round to oval nuclei and numerous gemistocytes embedded in a fibrillary stroma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:77–81. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aspiration cytology of focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Kumar Neeta , Jain Shyama 
Published: January 2004

AbstractA case of focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as a circumscribed mass in a functioning kidney of a young male is described. Clinical, radiological, and cytological features closely mimicked renal cell carcinoma leading to radical nephrectomy. Peroperative findings and gross pathological features also corroborated preoperative diagnosis. The final diagnosis was a histologic surprise. It is an uncommon entity with cortical location, no pelvic communication, and progressively destroying the kidney. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any mass lesion at any age during preoperative clinicoradiological and cytological evaluation. A correct preoperative diagnosis can save unnecessary nephrectomy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:111–114. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration of an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx mimicking a thyroid mass
Authors: Natarajan Sathima , Greaves Timothy S. , Raza Anwar S. , Cobb Camilla J. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is most often primary in the major and minor salivary glands but can also arise from the submucosal seromucinous glands of the larynx and trachea. We report a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx that presented as a diffuse swelling in the thyroid area. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) was consistent with a neoplastic process, which was difficult to classify further but was felt to be of thyroid origin. Subsequent gross and histopathologic examination showed the lesion to represent an ACC arising from the larynx. This case highlights the need to be aware of unusual lesions that may arise in the region of the thyroid. Knowledge of these non‐thyroidal lesions that can clinically mimic a thyroid mass will help in making the correct cytologic diagnosis when these lesions are sampled by FNA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:115–118. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis as a mimicker of neoplasia
Authors: Hwang S. , Simsir A. , Waisman J. , Moreira A. L. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractDespite the efforts for control and eradication of tuberculosis, new cases of the disease are diagnosed daily. The diagnosis of tuberculosis is easily made when the classical features of pulmonary necrotizing granulomatous inflammation are seen. However, extrapulmonary lesions may clinically and radiographically mimic a neoplastic process, and this may lead to misdiagnosis and delay in treatment. We studied 6 patients by aspiration biopsy, all recent immigrants and immunocompetent, who presented with weight loss and fatigue. Of these, 5 patients had a mass. One patient presented with a lytic lesion of bone. In all cases the clinical diagnosis was neoplasia. In all aspirates, the smears showed necrotic debris with neutrophils. No neoplastic cells or granulomas were seen. All cases were signed out descriptively with no specific diagnosis. A search for acid‐fast organisms leading to the correct diagnosis of tuberculosis was prompted by clinical investigations that revealed pulmonary lesions, or by repeat aspiration biopsy, which showed granulomatous inflammation. Tuberculosis when present in atypical forms is still a challenging diagnosis. The finding of necrotic debris in a needle biopsy without the clinical signs of an abscess should prompt a search for acid‐fast bacilli, since the correct diagnosis will eliminate a needless surgical procedure and will lead to timely and appropriate therapy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:82–87. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of intrathoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis presenting as a posterior mediastinal tumor in a patient with sickle‐cell disease: Case report
Authors: Al‐Marzooq Yusef M. , Al‐Bahrani Ahmed T. , Chopra Rajan , Al‐Momatten Mohmmed I. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractExtramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare cause of an intrathoracic mass. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has been only occasionally documented as a useful tool in diagnosing EMH tumor. We report a case of posterior mediastinal extramedullary hematopoietic mass in an 80‐yr‐old man with sickle‐cell anemia. The mass was revealed incidentally on chest X‐ray. The definitive diagnosis of this mass lesion was achieved by FNAB. The cytologic smears showed hematopoietic elements with erythroid hyperplasia. A correct cytologic diagnosis can thus help to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention, particularly in an asymptomatic patient. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:119–121. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differentiating nonhigh‐grade duct carcinoma in situ from benign breast lesions
Authors: Kumarasinghe Marian Priyanthi , Poh Wee Teng 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThis study was undertaken to determine the discriminating cytological features between nonhigh‐grade duct carcinoma in situ (NHGDCIS) and benign breast lesions and to determine any histological characteristics which would influence the cytological categorization. Smears of 12 each of histologically confirmed NHGDCIS and benign breast lesions were reviewed with regard to cellularity, cell discohesion, nuclear atypia, crowding of cells, tubule formation, necrosis, and presence of bare atypical nuclei and regular bare bipolar nuclei, and statistically analyzed. Architectural pattern, presence of necrosis, and the size of the lesion assessed at histological examination were compared with the initial cytological categorization. NHGDCIS lesions showed more cell discohesion (P = 0.04), bare atypical nuclei (P = 0.05), necrosis (P = 0.03), and sparse bare bipolar nuclei (P = 0.02) than benign lesions. These differences were statistically significant. Cellularity (P = 0.8), nuclear atypia (P = 0.06), crowding of cells (P = 0.1), and tubule formation did not show a significant difference. Six (out of six lesions) with a solid architectural pattern and six (of seven) with necrosis could be cytologically categorized as suspicious or malignant. Size of the lesion did not influence this. We conclude that cell discohesion, bare atypical and bare bipolar nuclei, and necrosis are discriminating features between NHGDCIS and benign breast lesions and NHGDCIS lesions with a solid architectural pattern and necrosis are more likely to be satisfactorily categorized cytologically. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:98–102. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of routine cytopathologic reports in 1,598 histologically verified benign breast lesions
Authors: Pogačnik A. , Us‐Krašovec M. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThis retrospective study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of cytopathologic diagnosis and of correct classification of benign breast diseases. A total of 1,598 FNABs were identified to have met the study criteria; of these, 1,258 (78.7%) cases were cytologically benign, 88 (5.5%) suspicious, 3 (0.18%) false‐positive, and in 249 (15.6%) cases an inadequate sample was obtained. A specific diagnosis was made in 847/1,258 (67.3%) cases; the other 411 were diagnosed as benign NOS. Out of 847 specific FNABs diagnoses, 451 were fibroadenomas, 27 phyllodes tumors, 289 fibrocystic diseases, 4 proliferative fibrocystic diseases, 38 papillomas, 22 fat necrosis, 9 mastitis, 1 pseudolymphoma, 2 lipomas, 2 duct ecstasies, and 2 atheromas. In our study group the cytopathologic diagnosis of benign breast diseases excluding unsatisfactory aspirates was correct in 93%. Specific diagnosis was correct on average in 50% of cases, only in FA was its accuracy over 60%; in adequately sampled tumor, the predictive value of FA was 86.2%. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:125–130. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mixed follicular‐medullary thyroid carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Luboshitzky Rafael , Dharan Muralee 
Published: January 2004

AbstractWe report on a 35‐yr‐old woman presenting with a single thyroid nodule. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the nodule was reported to contain both follicular and parafollicular cells. The biphasic nature of the tumor was highlighted on immunohistochemical investigation of the cellblock. Positive staining for thyroglobulin was limited to the follicular structures and the dense areas stained positive for calcitonin. The serum calcitonin level was highly elevated. Surgery was recommended because of suspected malignancy. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy. The diagnosis of mixed medullary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid was established by histological investigation using immunohistochemical staining for thyroglobulin, chromogranin, and calcitonin. The patient was well 1 yr after the operation. Repeated measurements of serum calcitonin levels were normal. Total body scan revealed no radioactive iodine uptake in the thyroid bed, bones, or lungs. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;30:122–124. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
P*,N‐Bidentate Amino Phosphoramidites: New Highly Effective Ligands for Pd‐Catalysed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution
Authors: Gavrilov Konstantin N. , Tsarev Vasily N. , Shiryaev Alexei A. , Bondarev Oleg G. , Lyubimov Sergey E. , Benetsky Eduard B. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Antipin Mikhail Yu. , Davankov Vadim A. , Gais Hans‐Joachim 
Published: January 2004

AbstractNew chiral P*,N‐hybrid amino phosphoramidites have been obtained by one‐step phosphorylation of amino alcohols. Complexation of the new ligands with [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 and [Pd(allyl)Cl]2 gave the corresponding chelate complexes [Rh(CO)Cl(η2‐P,N)] and [Pd(allyl)(η2‐P,N)]+BF4−, which subsequently afforded up to 90% ee in the asymmetric Pd‐catalysed sulfonylation of 1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐propenyl acetate with sodium p‐toluenesulfinate. In the enantioselective alkylation of 1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐propenyl acetate with dimethyl malonate, up to 98% enantioselectivity was achieved with [Pd(allyl)(η2‐P,N)]+BF4− complexes as chiral catalysts. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Electrochemical Behaviour of First Row Transition Metal Substituted Polyoxotungstates: A Comparative Study in Acetonitrile
Authors: Balula Maria Salete , Gamelas José A. , Carapuça Helena M. , Cavaleiro Ana M. V. , Schlindwein Walkiria 
Published: January 2004

AbstractA comparative study of the electrochemical behaviour of several transition metal substituted polyoxotungstates in acetonitrile solution with tetra‐n‐butylammonium perchlorate as a supporting electrolyte is presented. Tetra‐n‐butylammonium salts of Keggin‐type polyoxoanions, α‐[(C4H9)4N]4Hx[XW11M(H2O)O39]·nH2O, X = P, Si; MII = Co, Ni, MIII = Fe, Mn, x = 0−2, n = 0−2, and sandwich‐type polyoxoanions, α‐B‐[(C4H9)4N]7H3[M4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2], MII = Co, Mn, have been studied by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry. Under the conditions used, the tungsten‐oxo framework of the metal substituted Keggin anions could accept up to three electrons in quasi‐reversible one‐electron consecutive processes. Comparison with the corresponding lacunary anions is presented. Redox processes at the metal centre have been detected for all metals M except Ni. For the anions α‐[XW11M(H2O)O39]m−, the co‐existence of species with a different degree of protonation was deduced from cyclic voltammetry results whenever protons were included in the molecular formula. The influence of the solids’ composition on the electrochemical results is stressed. For the sandwich anions, cyclic voltammetry revealed redox processes occurring on the W atoms and also on the metallic belt. Two metal atoms in the belt of the α‐B‐[CoII4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2]10− anion could be electrochemically oxidised to CoIII in two separate steps. A similar result was observed for the MnII analogue, but the corresponding first step was not as well defined. Re‐oxidation was only detected for the Co anion. This work is the first comparative study of the electrochemical behaviour of such transition metal substituted polyoxotungstates in an organic medium. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Flexidentate Behaviour of 2‐Pyridylsulfonamides − Direct Electrochemical Synthesis and Spectroscopic and X‐ray Characterisation of Neutral Copper(II) Complexes of N‐(2‐Pyridyl)sulfonamides
Authors: Beloso Inmaculada , Borrás Joaquín , Castro Jesús , García‐Vázquez José A. , Pérez‐Lourido Paulo , Romero Jaime , Sousa Antonio 
Published: January 2004

AbstractCopper complexes with potentially bidentate N‐(2‐pyridyl)sulfonylamide ligands have been synthesised by the electrochemical oxidation of the metal in an acetonitrile solution of the neutral amide and additional bidentate N−N coligands. The compounds have been characterised by microanalysis and EPR, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy. In representative cases the structures were also determined by X‐ray diffraction methods. Various coordination behaviour is found for the ligands, which act in a N,N′‐bidentate or N,O‐bidentate manner, the latter giving abnormally short Cu−O bonds. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Apparent Allyl Rotation in New Allylpalladium(II) Complexes with Pyrazolyl N‐Donor Ligands
Authors: Guerrero Ana , Jalón Félix A. , Manzano Blanca R. , Rodríguez Ana , Claramunt Rosa María , Cornago Pilar , Milata Viktor , Elguero José 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe ligands 2,4,6‐tris(pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TPzT), 2,4,6‐tris(3,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (Me2‐TPzT), and 2,4,6‐tris(3,4,5‐trimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (Me3‐TPzT) have been synthesised and their reaction with [Pd(η3‐C4H7)(THF)2]X was explored. The reaction in a 1:3 molar ratio (ligand/solvate) leads to the new derivatives [{Pd(η3‐C4H7)}2(BPz′TO)]X (Pz′ = pyrazole, X = BF4, 2a; Pz′ = 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole, X = PF6, 2c; Pz′ = 3,4,5‐trimethylpyrazole, X = PF6, 2d) in which the N‐donor ligand has been partially hydrolysed. The complexes exist in the form of two isomers, a meso form and a d,l pair. An apparent allyl rotation process leads to a syn‐syn/anti‐anti interconversion and also to an interchange between the two isomers. The values of ΔGc‡ at the coalescence temperature have been calculated. The results, which have also been compared with those previously obtained for the complex with the 4‐methylpyrazole ligand, indicate that the activation barrier for the process is not affected by the change in the pyrazole group. Appreciable effects were not observed on changing the concentration or on the addition of water to the acetone solutions of 2c. However, the influence of the solvent (acetone versus chloroform) is worth noting. A negative activation entropy has been found and a mechanistic proposal for the process is included. The molecular structure of 2c has been determined by X‐ray diffraction. The meso isomer, in which the two C−Me axes of the allylic groups are oriented in the same direction, is found in the solid state. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Formation of Cubic GaN Nanocrystals: A Study of the Thermal Stability of GaP Nanocrystals under Nitrogen
Authors: Gao Shanmin , Zhu Liying , Xie Yi , Qian Xiaobo 
Published: January 2004

AbstractCubic GaN nanoparticles and nanorods have been successfully synthesized from the nitridation of nanocrystalline GaP at 500 °C for 30 min, by manipulating different heating rates in nitrogen. The results of the thermal stability studies of nanocrystalline GaP under N2 at different heating rates support the idea that cubic GaN can form from GaP via a N−P metathesis mechanism. The morphology of the cubic GaN can be controlled by variation of the external synthetic parameters such as the rate of heating. This work shows that it is very simple to synthesize cubic GaN nanoparticles or nanorods and opens a wide route towards detailed studies of the fundamental properties and potential applications of semiconductor nanocrystals. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Group 13 Complexes of 5‐Methyl‐1,3,5‐dithiazinane
Authors: Gálvez‐Ruiz Juan Carlos , Guadarrama‐Pérez Carlos , Nöth Heinrich , Flores‐Parra Angelina 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThe synthesis of mono‐N adducts of 5‐methyl‐1,3,5‐dithiazinane (1) with Al(CH3)3, Al(CH3)2Cl, AlCl3, AlBr3 (5−8), a bis‐N adduct with InCl3 (9), and the corresponding dithiazinanium salts with the anions AlBr4−, AlCl4−, GaCl4− and BCl4− (10−14) are reported. Compounds 5−7 adopt a preferred conformation in solution at room temperature and 8 at −10 °C. ΔG≠ values for the ring inversion were calculated for 5−8. Compounds 6−14 were studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The solution and solid‐state analyses showed that the rings are present in all cases in a chair conformation. In compounds 5−8 the tetrahedral aluminum atom is found in an equatorial position. In the indium compound 9 the metal atom has a tbp geometry. For dithiazinanium rings 10−14 dipolar intra‐ and intermolecular interactions between halogen atoms and C−H and N−H are reported. Two different conformations for the N−CH3 were found in compound 14. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Multi‐Dimensional Systems Built from Dichromate Anions − Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Yan , Zhao Bin , Cheng Peng , Ding Bin , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Yan Shi‐Pin , Jiang Zong‐Hui 
Published: January 2004

AbstractThree novel compounds with bridging dichromate anions with the formulae [Fe(4,4′‐bpy)2Cr2O7]n (1), [Co(4,4′‐bpy)2Cr2O7]n (2), and [Ni(dpa)2Cr2O7]·H2O (3) (4,4′‐bpy = 4,4′‐bipyridine, dpa = 2,2′‐dipyridylamine) have been synthesized and characterized. The isostructural compounds 1 and 2 belong to the monoclinic space group C2/c and have been shown to be three‐dimensional polymers in which the dichromate anions connect neighboring layers formed by [M(4,4′‐bpy)2]2+ (M = Fe, Co) units. Compound 3 is a metalla‐crown type compound, crystallizing in the monoclinic space group P21/n. Two chromate anions link two NiII centers forming a dinuclear entity. The uncoordinated oxygen atom of the dichromate anion forms a hydrogen bond with the N−H unit of dpa resulting in a two‐dimensional network. Measurements of magnetic susceptibilities indicate the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions in 1 and 2 whereas the exchange coupling between the NiII ions in 3 is ferromagnetic. The IR and UV/Vis spectra of the above complexes have also been investigated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
New Bifunctional Contrast Agents: Bis‐Amide Derivatives of C‐Substituted Gd‐DTPA
Authors: Laurent Sophie , Botteman François , Elst Luce Vander , Muller Robert N. 
Published: January 2004

AbstractIn order to expand upon and confirm previous observations on the positive and adverse roles played by the functionalization and substitution of the parent MRI contrast agent Gd‐DTPA, two new bi‐functionalized contrast agents namely Gd‐(S)‐EOB‐DTPA‐BMA and Gd‐(S)‐C4Bz‐DTPA‐BMA have been synthesized, purified, and characterized by multinuclear NMR studies. Water 1H nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profiles were recorded at several temperatures. τR was determined by 2H NMR on the diamagnetic lanthanum complex. τM, the water residence time, was obtained by 17O NMR measurements and the stability versus transmetallation by zinc was evaluated by proton relaxometry. The residence time of water molecules in the first coordination sphere of the Gd complexes has confirmed the antagonistic effects of amide functions and C‐4 substitution on the reduction of the water residence time, a critical parameter of relaxivity. This C‐4 position is thus particularly appropriate for the substitution required by the design of new contrast agents covalently bound to macromolecules or carrying specific vectors. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)