bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral NHC Ligands for Enantioselective Gold(I) Catalysis Under Aerobic Conditions: the Importance of Conformational Flexibility and Steric Hindrance of NHC Ligand on Reactivity
Authors: Michalak Michał , Czerwiński Paweł , Śniady‐Maciążek Katarzyna , Musioł Szymon , Danylyuk Oksana , Wierzbicki Michał , Tomasini Michele , Poater Albert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGold(I) catalysis has been recognized as a valuable tool for the unique transformation of multiple carbon‐carbon bonds. Enantioselective π‐catalysis based on gold(I) complexes is, however, still underdeveloped due to lack of privileged ligands. Herein, we present an accessible method to a new family of stable yet catalytically active chiral NHC−Au(I)−Cl complexes. The key to preserving a simultaneous fine balance between reactivity and stability in this newly developed family appears to be sterically hindered, but conformationally flexible NHC ligands. These could be easily accessed on a multigram scale by merging sterically hindered anilines with commercially available amino alcohols and amines via a four‐steps synthetic sequence without the need for chromatographic purification. Further investigations of the catalytic activity of NHC−Au−Cl complexes identified the OH functionality incorporated into the NHC core as crucial for the level of enantioselectivity as well as the TsO− anion responsible for the activation of NHC−Au(I)−Cl. Finally, NMR studies and X‐ray investigations revealed for the first time that the widely accepted ion metathesis (NHC−Au−Cl to NHC−Au−OSO2R) responsible for the activation of NHC−Au−Cl complexes does not take place (or it is very slow) in commonly used MeNO2 in contrast to DCM.
Machine learning techniques for the prediction of polymerization kinetics and polymer properties
Authors: Ishola Niyi B. , McKenna Timothy F. L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the current study, the ability of two data‐driven machine learning tools, the extreme learning machine (ELM) and the adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), to predict the polymerization rate and melt flow index of linear low‐density polyethylene produced in a gas phase process was investigated. The level of interaction between the input variables (ethylene, 1‐butene, isopentane pressures, and reaction temperature) on the outputs (melt flow index and activity) was also examined. It was found that both outputs are impacted by the presence of isopentane as an induced condensing agent. Various statistical indicators, including the coefficient of correlation (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE), were used to quantitatively evaluate both developed models. The ANFIS model outperformed the developed ELM model in terms of predicting the MFI and the catalyst activity. A sensitivity analysis of the ANFIS and ELM models showed that all the input variables under investigation had a sizable impact on the responses and none of them could have been discarded. The present study showed that machine learning tools could be employed to adequately develop empirical models to predict polymerization kinetics as well as the final polymer properties.
Tolerance to heated egg in egg allergy: Explanations and implications for prevention and treatment
Authors: Leau Audrey , Denery‐Papini Sandra , Bodinier Marie , Dijk Wieneke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHen's egg allergy is the second most frequent food allergy found in children. Allergic symptoms can be caused by raw or heated egg, but a majority of egg‐allergic children can tolerate hard‐boiled or baked egg. Understanding the reasons for the tolerance towards heated egg provides clues about the molecular mechanisms involved in egg allergy, and the differential allergenicity of heated and baked egg might be exploited to prevent or treat egg allergy. In this review, we therefore discuss (i) why some patients are able to tolerate heated egg; by highlighting the structural changes of egg white (EW) proteins upon heating and their impact on immunoreactivity, as well as patient characteristics, and (ii) to what extent heated or baked EW might be useful for primary prevention strategies or oral immunotherapy. We describe that the level of immunoreactivity towards EW helps to discriminate patients tolerant or reactive to heated or baked egg. Furthermore, the use of heated or baked egg seems effective in primary prevention strategies and might limit adverse reactions. Oral immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy, but it can sometimes cause significant adverse events. The use of heated or baked egg might limit these, but current literature is insufficient to conclude about its efficacy.
Synthesis And Anticancer Activity Of New Hybrid 3‐Methylidene‐2,3‐Dihydro‐1,8‐Naphthyridinones
Authors: Jaskulska Agata , Szymański Jacek , Lipiński Piotr F. J. , Modranka Jakub , Janecka Anna E. , Janecki Tomasz , Gach‐Janczak Katarzyna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSynthesis of molecular hybrids, obtained by combination of two or more pharmacophoric groups of different bioactive substances in order to produce more efficient drugs, is now a frequently used approach in medicinal chemistry. Following this strategy, we synthetized a library of 3‐methylidene‐1‐tosyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones, combining a 1,8‐naphthyridin‐4‐one motif with an exo‐methylidene bond conjugated with a carbonyl group, pharmacophoric units that are present in many natural, biologically active compounds with anticancer potential. We reasoned that such bifunctional conjugates may have enhanced cytotoxic activity. The title compounds were synthesized in a four step reaction sequence. β‐Ketophosphonate, obtained from methyl N‐tosylnicotinate and diethyl methylphosphonate, was reacted with various aldehydes giving 3‐diethoxyphosphoryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones as keto‐enol tautomers. Later, these compounds were transformed into 3‐methylidene‐1‐tosyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones applying the Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons methodology. Then, the cytotoxicity of the new compounds was assessed on two cancer cell lines, promyelocytic leukemia HL‐60 and breast cancer adenocarcinoma MCF‐7, and for comparison, on human umbilical vein endothelial cells HUVEC. The most active and selective analog, 2‐ethyl‐3‐methylidene‐1‐tosyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐one 4 a was chosen for more detailed studies on HL‐60 cell line, to determine molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity. It was shown that 4 a strongly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis which could be attributed to its ability to cause DNA damage.
A case of hepatitis E that developed during chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma and responded to ribavirin
Authors: Hashimoto Seiya , Fukuda Hirofumi , Takeda Kohei , Uchida Keiichi , Sanuki Fumiaki , Akiyama Takashi , Kondo Eisei , Wada Hideho 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe main differences in cases of sudden elevation of hepatic enzyme levels during immunochemotherapy are the reactivation of the hepatitis B virus or drug‐induced liver injury. Here, we report a case of acute liver injury caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) during chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma, wherein the patient was successfully treated for the hepatitis and resumed chemotherapy to completion.CaseA 57‐year‐old woman visited her local doctor because she felt lightweight and tired. The patient underwent lower gastrointestinal endoscopy and was diagnosed with a malignant lymphoma of the small intestine (diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma). The patient had a history of oral consumption of undercooked pork liver to improve anemia and was diagnosed with acute hepatitis E.ConclusionThis report highlights the successful treatment of HEV infection in a patient undergoing immunosuppressive therapy for malignant lymphomas. A novel aspect of this study is the safe and effective use of ribavirin, an antiviral medication, along with continued chemotherapy, which resulted in sustained virological response (SVR) and the completion of the planned chemotherapy regimen. This report also provides new insights into the management of HEV infections in immunosuppressed patients undergoing chemotherapy and emphasizes the importance of considering HEV as a potential cause of acute liver injury in such cases. The successful use of ribavirin along with continued chemotherapy offers a promising treatment strategy for clinicians to consider in similar scenarios.
A Mild Method for the Activation of Cation Exchange Membranes Used in Tubular PEM Electrolyzers
Authors: Sánchez Batalla Beatriz , Laube Armin , Struckmann Thorsten , Hofer André , Zallmann Sebastian , Körner Carolin , Fischer Simon , Burek Bastien Oliver , Bachmann Julien , Weidlich Claudia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCo‐extrusion of both half‐cells in tubular PEM water electrolyzers can lower the costs for hydrogen production, since the number of components is reduced and the production process is simplified. However, after co‐extrusion of the inner half‐cell and the ion exchange membrane, the membrane is in its fluoride sulfonyl form and must be hydrolyzed to achieve the proton conductive sulfonic acid to be ready for use. Common practice is the hydrolysis using concentrated alkaline solutions, which causes a corrosion of the laminated anode electrode. We developed a less corrosive method using triethylsilanol as reactant. Tubular membranes hydrolyzed with this new procedure were characterized and tested in an electrolyzer laboratory test setup.
The effect of the pyrolysis temperature and biomass type on the biocarbons characteristics
Authors: Iurchenkova Anna , Kobets Anna , Ahaliabadeh Zahra , Kosir Janez , Laakso Ekaterina , Virtanen Tommi , Siipola Virpi , Lahtinen Jouko , Kallio Tanja 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe conversion of biomass and natural wastes into carbon‐based materials for various applications such as catalysts and energy‐related materials is a fascinating and sustainable approach emerged during recent years. Precursor nature and characteristics are complex, hence, their effect on the properties of resulting materials is still unclear. In this work, we have investigated the effect of different precursors and pyrolysis temperature on the properties of produced carbon materials and their potential application as negative electrode materials in Li‐ion batteries. Three biomasses, lignocellulosic brewery spent grain from a local brewery, catechol‐rich lignin and tannins, were selected for investigations. We show that such end‐product carbon characteristic as functional and elemental composition, porosity, specific surface area, defectiveness level, and morphology strictly depend on the precursor composition, chemical structure, and pyrolysis temperature. The electrochemical characteristics of produced carbon materials correlate with the characteristics of the produced materials. A higher pyrolysis temperature is shown to be favourable for production of carbon material for the Li‐ion battery application in terms of both specific capacity and long‐term cycling stability.
Denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (DTL) maintains the proliferation and differentiation of epidermis and hair follicles during skin development
Authors: Lin Yanhui , Tang Weibo , Huang Peijun , Wang Zhendong , Duan Lian , Jia Chonghui , Sun Ruizhen , Liu Li , Shen Jingling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundA precise balance between the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal progenitors is required to achieve the barrier function during the development of epidermis. During the entire process of skin development, the newly formed basal layer cells divide, differentiate, and migrate outward to the surface of the skin, which is tightly regulated by a series of events related to cell cycle progression. The CRL4DTL complex (Cullin 4 RING ligase, in association with the substrate receptor DTL) has long emerged as a master regulator in various cellular processes, which mediates the degradation of key cell cycle proteins. However, the roles of DTL in regulating epidermal morphogenesis during skin development remain unclear.ResultsWe showed that DTL deficiency in epidermal progenitor cells leads to defects in epidermal stratification and loss of hair follicles accompanied by reduced epidermal progenitor cells and disturbed cell cycle progression during skin development. Transcriptome analysis revealed that p53 pathway is activated in DTL‐depleted epidermal progenitor cells. The apoptosis of epidermal cells showed in DTL deficiency mice is rescued by the absence of p53, but the proliferation and differentiation defects were p53‐independent.ConclusionOur findings indicate that DTL plays a vital role in epidermal malformation during skin development.
Online Compassion Focused Therapy for overeating: Feasibility and acceptability pilot study
Authors: Marques Cristiana C. , Palmeira Lara , Castilho Paula , Rodrigues Dírcea , Mayr Andreas , Pina Tiago Soares , Pereira Ana Telma , Castelo‐Branco Miguel , Goss Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis pilot study aims to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness of online Compassion Focused Therapy for overeating (CFT‐OE).MethodEighteen Portuguese women seeking treatment for overeating were enrolled in this study, and 15 participants completed the CFT‐OE. This was a single‐arm study. Participants were assessed at pre‐ and post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up. All participants completed measures assessing binge eating, cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, general eating psychopathology, general and body shame, self‐criticism, self‐compassion, and fears of self‐compassion.ResultsThe treatment attrition rate was 16.7%, which is relatively low compared to other similar online interventions. Participants gave positive feedback on the program and indicated they would recommend it to people with similar difficulties. CFT‐OE improved self‐compassion and reduced eating psychopathology symptoms, general and body shame, self‐criticism, and fears of self‐compassion. Clinical significance analysis showed that the majority of participants were classified as in recovery in all measures at post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up.DiscussionPreliminary results suggest that the online CFT‐OE program is an acceptable and feasible intervention. Results also suggest that CFT‐OE is beneficial for the treatment of women with difficulties with overeating. A future randomized controlled trial is necessary to establish the effectiveness of the CFT‐OE.Public significanceThis study indicates that online CFT‐OE is a feasible and adequate intervention for women who struggle with overeating. This therapy showed promising results in reducing eating disorder symptoms, shame, and self‐criticism and improving self‐compassion. As an online intervention, CFT‐OE may be more accessible and offer an alternative to in‐person therapy.
Holistic burden of illness in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome: A systematic literature review
Authors: Page‐Wilson Gabrielle , Oak Bhagyashree , Silber Abigail , Okeyo Janetricks C. , Ortiz Nancy , O'Hara Matthew , Moloney Stephen , Geer Eliza B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this systematic literature review (SLR) was to summarize the latest studies evaluating the burden of illness in endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS), including the impact of CS on overall and domain‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and the economic burden of CS to provide a holistic understanding of disease and treatment burden.MethodsAn SLR was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE and Embase using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to identify peer‐reviewed manuscripts and conference abstracts published in English from 2015 to December 4, 2020.ResultsForty‐five publications were eligible for inclusion; data were extracted from 37 primary studies while 8 SLRs were included for reference only. Thirty‐one studies reported HRQoL using validated patient reported outcome (PRO) measures in pre‐ or post‐surgery, radiotherapy and pharmacotherapy patients. Overall, this SLR found that patients with CS have worse outcomes relative to healthy populations across specific dimensions, such as depression, despite an improvement in HRQoL post‐treatment. These findings reveal that CS symptoms are not fully resolved by the existing care paradigm. Few studies report on the economic burden of CS and currently available data indicate a high direct healthcare system cost burden.ConclusionsPatients with CS experience a significant, complex and multifactorial HRQoL burden. Symptom‐specific burden studies are sparse in the literature and the understanding of long‐term CS symptomatic burden and economic burden is limited. This review intends to provide an updated reference for clinicians, payers and other stakeholders on the burden of CS as reported in published literature and to encourage further research in this area.
Synthesis of 1‐Adamantylaminogermylene and Its Chalcogenation Reactions
Authors: Yukimoto Mariko , Kanda Kazuaki , Aoki Takamasa , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe synthesis, isolation, and characterization of 1‐adamantylaminogermylene 1 have been achieved utilizing kinetic stabilization with a bulky aryl group on the germanium atom. Aminogermylene 1 was found to be stable in toluene solution at 110 °C for 3 days without decomposition. The chalcogenation reaction of 1 aiming to synthesize heavy amides gave the head‐to‐tail type dimers of the corresponding heavy amides.
A facile and sensitive method of analysis for the determination of paracetamol on a boron doped diamond electrode modified with carbon based nanomaterials
Authors: Kutluay Baytak Ayşegül , Gezen Fikriye , Aslanoglu Mehmet 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study presents the development of a facile and sensitive method of analysis for the determination of paracetamol. For this purpose, a boron doped diamond electrode (BDDE) was modified with a composite of carbon nanotubes (CNT), carbon nanofibers (CNF) and carbon black nanoballs (CNB). The voltammetric properties of paracetamol were studied, compared and discussed on unmodified BDDE, CNB/BDDE, CNF/BDDE, CNT/BDDE, CNB@CNF/BDDE, CNF@CNT/BDDE and CNF@CNB@CNT/BDDE. An increase in peak response (Ip) and a dramatic decrease in peak separation (ΔEp) were observed at electrodes in an order from bare BDDE to CNB/BDDE, CNF/BDDE, CNT/BDDE, CNB@CNF/BDDE, CNF@CNT/BDDE and CNF@CNB@CNT/BDDE. This clearly showed that the composite material of CNF@CNB@CNT provided an excellent surface on BDDE leading to a fast electrode reaction of paracetamol. Interestlingly, the amount composite layer on the voltammetry of paracetamol also caused a remarkable decrease in ΔEp and resulted in high electrocatalytic activity. The detection of paracetamol based on the BDDE modified with a composite of CNF@CNB@CNT exhibited stability, excellent selectivity and good sensitivity, with a low detection limit of 0.47±0.002 nM (based on 3sb/m) and wide linear range of 1.5 nM–200 nM. These results demonstrate that CNF@CNB@CNT/BDDE can serve as an ideal voltammetric platform for constructing a paracetamol sensor. The proposed electrochemical platform (CNF@CNB@CNT/BDDE) was also successfully applied for the determination of paracetamol in pharmaceuticals and body fluids.
The fault in our TARs: A critical review of research paradigms for intermediate‐scale bedforms on Mars
Authors: Gough Tyler , Barchyn Thomas , Hugenholtz Chris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe provide a critical review of research paradigms for classifying intermediate‐scale aeolian bedforms on Mars and the new terminology that has emerged. The systematic classification of bedforms has always been challenging and debated, and no paradigmatic knowledge organization system exists beyond general agreement on the importance of a distinction between ripples and dunes. The diverse aeolian landscapes of Mars have introduced further topics and challenges to these debates. We argue that Martian aeolian geomorphology's knowledge organization system for intermediate‐scale bedforms is preparadigmatic and that consensus over terminology and their definitions has not been established in the literature. A preparadigmatic science can be functional only if scientists operating in the discipline provide precise, falsifiable definitions or use abductive logic. Drawing on evidence and examples from the literature, we argue that the replacement of the conventional abductive paradigm used in bedform classification with inductive logic has created an emerging disciplinary paradigm based on scientific hesitancy and a dependence on complex inductive research structures, epitomized by the concepts of ‘transverse aeolian ridges’ (TARs) and ‘large Martian ripples’ (LMRs). We show that TAR and, increasingly, LMR are inductive constructs that have been popularized despite them causing significant confusion. Notably, we highlight how the terms are irreconcilably used as both a class of bedform and as a non‐genetic placeholder term for bedforms. Suggestions for moving beyond the need for TAR and LMR are provided, focusing on a return to more direct and local hypothesis‐driven research inspired by W.M. Davis's notion of outrageous geological hypotheses. Recent debate surrounding bedforms in Gale crater is presented as an example of the productivity of such an approach, and it is recommended that TAR and LMR no longer be used.