bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Root and rhizosphere contribution to the net soil COS exchange
Authors: Kitz Florian , Wachter Herbert , Spielmann Felix , Hammerle Albin , Wohlfahrt Georg 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Partitioning the measured net ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration remains a challenge, which scientists try to tackle by using the properties of the trace gas carbonyl sulfide (COS). Its similar pathway into and within the leaf makes it a potential photosynthesis proxy. The application of COS as an effective proxy depends, among other things, on a robust inventory of potential COS sinks and sources within ecosystems. While the soil received some attention during the last couple of years, the role of plant roots is mostly unknown. In our study, we investigated the effects of live roots on the soil COS exchange.

Methods
An experimental setup was devised to measure the soil and the belowground plant parts of young beech trees observed over the course of 9 months.

Results
During the growing season, COS emissions were significantly lower when roots were present compared to chambers only containing soil, while prior to the growing season, with photosynthetically inactive trees, the presence of roots increased COS emissions. The difference in the COS flux between root-influenced and uninfluenced soil was fairly constant within each month, with diurnal variations in the COS flux driven primarily by soil temperature changes rather than the presence or absence of roots.

Conclusion
While the mechanisms by which roots influence the COS exchange are largely unknown, their contribution to the overall ground surface COS exchange should not be neglected when quantifying the soil COS exchange.
Advancing medical data classification through federated learning and blockchain incentive mechanism: implications for modern software systems and applications
Authors: Yu Haifeng , Cai Lei , Min Hong , Su Xin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe key issue of medical data is patient information sensitivity and dataset finiteness, which need to guarantee high-efficient training. Besides, the current convolutional neural network has a low image classification and poor robustness concerning antagonistic samples. A lack of scalability in healthcare federated learning and incentive mechanism hinders the attraction of ample high-quality datasets. This paper proposes a Federated Learning Incentive Mechanism for Medical Data Classification (FedIn-MC). It realizes a collaborative model training of multi-party medical institutions through the combination of federated learning and blockchain. There is a marked improvement to the model’s robustness through a combination of the distance loss function and the prototype loss regulation. In addition, this incentive mechanism of blockchain in the project is applied to calculate client contribution values and encourage healthcare institutions to active training model participation. Simulation results verify an accomplishment of a multi-party training. With regard to image classifications, this framework also has a higher classification accuracy and stronger robustness concerning invisible class samples.
Heterogeneous photosensitization for water reuse in cellars: evaluation of silica, spongin, and chitosan as carrier material
Authors: Santos Andreia D. , Pinho Eduardo , Reis Patrícia , Martins Rui C. , Gmurek Marta , Nogueira Anabela , Castro-Silva Sérgio , Castro Luís M. , Quinta-Ferreira Rosa M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPhotosensitization, a powerful oxidation reaction, offers significant potential for wastewater treatment in the context of industrial process water reuse. This environmentally friendly process can be crucial in reducing water consumption and industrial pollution. The ultimate goal is to complete process water reuse, creating a closed-loop system that preserves the inherent value of water resources. The photosensitized oxidation reaction hinges on three essential components: the photosensitizer, visible light, and oxygen. In this study, we assess the performance of three distinct materials—silica, chitosan, and spongin—as carrier materials for incorporating the phthalocyanine photosensitizer (ZnPcS4) in the heterogenous photosensitization process. Among the three materials under study, chitosan emerged as the standout performer in reactor hydrodynamic performance. In the photooxidation process, the photosensitizer ZnPcS4 exhibited notable efficacy, resulting in a significant reduction of approximately 20 to 30% in the remaining COD concentration of the cellar wastewater. Chitosan demonstrated exceptional hydrodynamic characteristics and displayed a favorable response to pH adjustments within the range of 8 to 10, outperforming the other two carrier materials. To further enhance the efficiency of continuous operation, exploring methods for mitigating photosensitizer bleaching within the reaction medium and investigating the impact of different pH values on the process optimization would be prudent.
The CEPH aging cohort and biobank: a valuable collection of biological samples from exceptionally long-lived French individuals and their offspring for longevity studies
Authors: How-Kit Alexandre , Sahbatou Mourad , Hardy Lise M. , Tessier Nicolas P. , Schiavon Valérie , Le Buanec Hélène , Sebaoun Jean-Marc , Blanché Hélène , Zagury Jean-François , Deleuze Jean-François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe increasing aging of the human population is currently and for the coming decades a major public health issue in many countries, requiring the implementation of global public health policies promoting healthy and successful aging. Individuals are not equal in the face of aging and some can present exceptional healthspan and/or lifespan, which are notably influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Research and studies on human aging, healthy aging and longevity should rely in particular on cohorts of long-lived individuals, also including biological samples allowing studies on the biology of aging and longevity. In this manuscript, we provide for the first time a complete description of the CEPH (Centre d’Etude du Polymophisme Humain) Aging cohort, an exceptional cohort recruited during the 90s to 2000s, including more than 1700 French long-lived individuals (≥ 90 years old) born between 1875 and 1916 as well as for some of them their siblings and offspring. Among the participants, 1265 were centenarians, including 255 semi-supercentenarians ([105–110] years old) and 25 supercentenarians (≥ 110 years old). The available anthropometric, epidemiologic and clinical data for the cohort participants are described and especially the collection of blood-derived biological samples associated with the cohort which includes DNA, cryopreserved cells and cell lines, plasma, and serum. This biological collection from the first cohort of centenarians in the world is an inestimable resource for ongoing and future molecular, cellular, and functional studies aimed at deciphering the mechanisms of human (successful) aging and longevity.
Effects of auricular point sticking on labor pain and anxiety
Authors: Zhu Ying , Hu Qitao , Wang Jie , Li Ying , Zhang Jie , Chang Cheng , Li Qian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
To observe the effects of auricular point sticking on pain and anxiety during the latent period of the first stage of labor in primiparas.

Methods
Primiparas meeting eligibility criteria were recruited. The participants were randomized into an auricular point group, a placebo group, and a control group. The control group received daily care. The auricular point group received 120 min of auricular point sticking therapy. The placebo group received the same auricular plasters as the auricular point group but without pressing. Participants’ pain, anxiety, and uterine contractions were measured at enrollment and 30, 60, and 120 min of interventions.

Results
Data from 78 participants were analyzed in this study. After uterine contraction was adjusted as a covariate, there was no significant difference among groups in the baseline anxiety, baseline pain, and anxiety at 30-min intervention (P>0.05), and no significant difference between the placebo group and the control group in each indicator at each time point (P>0.05). The anxiety scores of the auricular point group at 60 min and 120 min were lower than those of the placebo group and the control group (P<0.05). The pain in the auricular point group was less than that in the placebo group and the control group at 30, 60, and 120 min of interventions (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Auricular point sticking therapy can relieve anxiety and pain in women during the latent period of labor. Moreover, the effect is fast-acting. It can be used as a safe and effective complementary therapy.
Clinical study of Tuina combined with functional training to improve the clinical symptoms and balance function in patients with meniscus injury
Authors: Su Xiaojie , Xing Hua , Zhu Xiaojun , Wang Siyu , Zhang Guangyuan , Li Jianhua , Gong Li 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
To observe the effect of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) combined with functional training in improving clinical symptoms and balance function in patients with meniscus injury.

Methods
A total of 93 patients with grade I-II meniscus injury were randomly divided into a functional training group, a Tuina group, and a combination group, with 31 cases in each group. The Tuina group received Tuina manipulation. The functional training group underwent functional training under the supervision of physicians. The combination group received Tuina manipulation in addition to the functional training. The treatment course of all three groups was 8 weeks. The clinical symptoms were observed before the intervention and after 4 and 8 weeks of interventions, and the changes in knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and Y-balance test (YBT) were compared.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the total response rate among the three groups after treatment (P>0.05). The total and subscale KOOS in the three groups were significantly higher than those before treatment after 4 and 8 weeks of interventions (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the total KOOS between the combination group and the functional training group after 4 and 8 weeks of interventions (P<0.05); there was a statistically significant difference in the score of daily living ability and sports and recreation function between the two groups after 8 weeks of interventions (P<0.05). The YBT balance coefficients of the affected and non-affected knees of the three groups were significantly improved after 4 and 8 weeks of interventions (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference among the groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion
Tuina, functional training, and their combination can improve clinical symptoms and balance function in patients with grade I-II meniscus injury. Tuina combined with functional training is significantly effective in improving daily living ability and sports and recreation function.
Serum soluble LYVE1 is a promising non-invasive biomarker of renal fibrosis: a population-based retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu Yuqing , Zhou Wenqian , Liu Yiguo , Zhu Saiya , Yu Ying , Huang Jieli , Yu Chen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiagnosis of renal fibrosis can only be verified by kidney biopsy, but biomarkers for non-invasive evaluation remain unsatisfactory. Patients with fibrosis often have abnormalities of the lymphatic vascular system and associated immune function. We describe here a lymphatic marker as a candidate biomarker for fibrosis. After assessing and grading the fibrosis scores, testing serum soluble lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor1 (sLYVE1) level, and collecting clinical information, the association between sLYVE1 and renal fibrosis was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen variables. Diagnosis models with or without sLYVE1 were built, and nomograms were plotted. Calibration curve, C-index, and DCA were performed to assess the models. A total of 298 patients were enrolled in the study, of which 199 were included in the training cohort and 99 patients in the validation cohort. Serum sLYVE1 levels markedly elevated with increasing fibrosis grade (p<0.05). ROC analysis of sLYVE1 showed an AUC of 0.791 and 0.846 with optimal cut-off value of 405.25 ng/mL and 498.55 ng/mL for the prediction of moderate-to-severe renal fibrosis (MSF) and severe renal fibrosis (SF), respectively. The diagnostic nomogram model without sLYVE1 (model 1) included traditional clinical determinants (C-index: 0.658 for MSF; 0.603 for SF). A combination of model 1 and sLYVE1 (model 2) improved predictive performance (C-index: 0.847 for MSF; 0.856 for SF). Calibration curve and DCA demonstrated a better consistency accuracy and clinical benefit of model 2 than model 1. Serum sLYVE1 may be identified as a potential biomarker of renal fibrosis. Models incorporating sLYVE1 may be beneficial for a more accurate non-invasive diagnosis of renal fibrosis.
Accurate prediction of biliary atresia with an integrated model using MMP-7 levels and bile acids
Authors: Han Yi-Jiang , Hu Shu-Qi , Zhu Jin-Hang , Cai Xiao , Lai Deng-Ming , Chen Bao-Hai , Zhu Kun , Tong Qiao , Zhou Xin-Rui , Deng Jia-Le , Tou Jin-Fa , Fang Zhuo , Du Li-Zhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare fatal liver disease in children, and the aim of this study was to develop a method to diagnose BA early.

Methods
We determined serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), the results of 13 liver tests, and the levels of 20 bile acids, and integrated computational models were constructed to diagnose BA.

Results
Our findings demonstrated that MMP-7 expression levels, as well as the results of four liver tests and levels of ten bile acids, were significantly different between 86 BA and 59 non-BA patients (P < 0.05). The computational prediction model revealed that MMP-7 levels alone had a higher predictive accuracy [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.966, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.942, 0.989] than liver test results and bile acid levels. The AUC was 0.890 (95% CI 0.837, 0.943) for liver test results and 0.825 (95% CI 0.758, 0.892) for bile acid levels. Furthermore, bile levels had a higher contribution to enhancing the predictive accuracy of MMP-7 levels (AUC = 0.976, 95% CI 0.953, 1.000) than liver test results. The AUC was 0.983 (95% CI 0.962, 1.000) for MMP-7 levels combined with liver test results and bile acid levels. In addition, we found that MMP-7 levels were highly correlated with gamma-glutamyl transferase levels and the liver fibrosis score.

Conclusion
The innovative integrated models based on a large number of indicators provide a noninvasive and cost-effective approach for accurately diagnosing BA in children.
Learning Outcomes of “GetSMART,” Education for Diagnostics and Targeted Treatment for HER2+ Metastatic Gastric and Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Augustyniak Monica , Lou Emil , Jacobs Ginny , Fleming Matthew , Marshall John , Coutinho Anelisa , Yoshino Takayuki 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe treatment landscape for patients affected by gastric and colorectal cancer (G&CRC) has significantly broadened over the past decade. Molecular diagnostic methods have improved with a precision oncology-driven approach to the development of treatment options tailored to specific molecular targets, including the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). While scientific evidence on the role of HER2 in G&CRC has improved, there has been a lag in general understanding and applications of testing for HER2+ G&CRC and resulting targeting treatment in the wider oncology community. To better understand and address the root causes of this gap, a needs assessment deployed among 85 oncology care providers was conducted and informed the development of an accredited online educational program entitled “GetSMART.” The program consisted of four modules developed and narrated by experts in gastrointestinal oncology. The educational content and assessment metrics were guided by a confidence-based assessment (CBA) model and the Moore, Green, and Gallis outcomes framework. Assessment methods consisted of quantitative pre- and post-activity tests, an evaluation embedded within the education (n = 163), and semi-structured interviews (n = 5) post-activity completion. Findings indicated that “GetSMART” enhanced participants’ knowledge, confidence, and intent to change practice in relation to their (1) identification of HER2 aberrations, (2) selection of appropriate treatments for HER2+ G&CRC, and (3) ability to engage patients in shared decision-making and management of adverse events. “GetSMART” can therefore be a valuable educational resource for oncology HCPs caring for patients affected by HER2+ metastatic G&CRC, offering strategies to ensure an optimal team and patient-centered approach to the care being delivered.
Does a Person Have a Right to Attention? Depends on What She is Doing
Authors: Kärki Kaisa , Kurki Visa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIt has been debated whether the so-called attention economy, in which the attention of agents is measured and sold, jeopardizes something of value. One strand of this discussion has focused on so-called attention rights, asking: should attention be legally protected, either by introducing novel rights or by extending the scope of pre-existing rights? In this paper, however, in order to further this discussion, we ask: How is attention already protected legally? In what situations does a person have the right to attention under current law?Unlike (Chomanski, Neuroethics 16:1–11, 2023), who discusses an overall right to attention, or (Puri, Rutgers Law Record 48:206–221, 2021), who discusses an overall right to attentional privacy, in this paper we focus on two types of situations in which a person’s attention is already protected by legal regulation. Sustained attention-requiring tasks can be jeopardized by distractions whereas attentiveness to certain kind of stimuli can be jeopardized by immersive stimuli. That is why distractions are regulated in situations where an agent has what we call a concentration right and immersive stimuli are regulated in situations where an agent has what we call a duty to be attentive. The further analysis of these situations provides an understanding of the legal means by which attention is already regulated, which can be helpful when thinking about how it should be regulated in the future.
Response surface methodology: Optimization of myco-synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles by Trichoderma saturnisporum
Authors: Abu-Elghait Mohammed , Soliman Mohamed K. Y. , Azab Mohamed Salah , Salem Salem S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the current study, the optimal reaction condition for fabrication of Au and Ag nanoparticles by using Trichoderma saturnisporum was developed. Optimization of fermentation conditions for extracellular AuNPs and AgNPs synthesis using response surface methodology was achieved. To accomplish the ideal reaction state, the green synthesis reaction’s effective parameters and central composite face design were used. Precursor concentrations, pH, and temperature were found to be the most effective parameters for the fabrication of Au and Ag nanomaterials. The model’s realization used a respectable foot. Normal probability plots; interaction plots, including effect plots; variance analysis (ANOVA), surface plots; contour plots; and Pareto charts were used to optimize the components. Significance threshold (5%) was used to influence all of the factors. The production process was also influenced by some of the potential connections between these factors. The recommended regression model fits the experimental data extremely well. The findings of this study looked at how much more bio-fabrication was possible with optimal fermentation conditions for the producer of AuNPs and AgNPs compared with traditional optimization techniques.
A Latent Class Analysis of Adverse Life Events for Kenyan Adolescents
Authors: Ferrajão Paulo Correia , Tourais Bárbara , Faria Inês , Dias Joana , Elklit Ask 
Published: December 2023

AbstractExtant evidence indicates that exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) tend to cluster among children and adolescents. Considering that adolescents from African countries present higher risk of being exposed to multiple ACE compared to other countries, the identification of victimization profiles in this population is clearly warranted. The aim of this study was to determine meaningful clusters of individuals with similar experiences of ACE in a sample of Kenyan adolescents. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify latent classes of exposure to ACE. In addition, the relationships between the latent classes and gender, parental education, living arrangements and diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were estimated. A three-class solution was found to be the best description of ACE, and the classes were labelled ‘‘Low Risk’’, ‘‘Intermediate Risk’’, and ‘‘High Risk’’. Compared with the Low-Risk class, the High-Risk class was found to be significantly more likely to have a diagnosis of PTSD and being a female may be an antecedent risk factor for high exposure to ACE. The Intermediate Risk class was significantly less likely to have parents with high school or college education. This paper indicates that Kenyan adolescents present higher risk of being exposed to multiple ACE and that trauma research may turn its focus on the individual as the unit of analysis rather than traumatic events.
Large-scale mapping of existing and lost wetlands: Earth Observation data and tools to support restoration in the Sebou and Medjerda river basins
Authors: Guelmami A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMediterranean wetlands are the richest and most productive ecosystems in the region, and are essential for climate change adaptation and mitigation. However, despite their importance, they have suffered significant destruction over time. We estimate that half of the natural wetlands have been lost since the 1970s, and the regional trend shows no signs of slowing down. It is therefore urgent to implement concrete solutions that can preserve the remaining wetlands and restore those that have been lost. The increasing availability of free and open Earth Observation (EO) data and tools has provided a basis for mapping these ecosystems and monitoring their status and trends. In this paper, we show how EO-based data and tools can support the pre-identification of candidate sites for wetlands restoration at large scale through the mapping and delineation of existing and lost wetland habitats, their current land use status, and the estimation of the efforts needed to recreate the lost and transformed ones. We used this approach in the Sebou river basin in Morocco and the transboundary Medjerda watershed between Algeria and Tunisia. The resulting products, i.e., Potential Wetland Areas and Potentially Restorable Wetlands maps, enabled the identification of more than 7000 km2 and 1700 km2 of lost wetland habitats that could be regained in the Sebou and Medjerda basins, respectively. These results hold immense value for water resources management and land planning as they can enhance and assist prioritization efforts for wetland restoration at local, national, and regional scales. They can serve as baseline data to identify candidate sites to implement wetland restoration actions as Nature-based Solutions, regenerate their habitats, and restore the ecosystem services they provide to society.