bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘In the name of the father’: Ovid’s Theban law
Authors: Janan Micaela 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Ovid turns to epic in the Metamorphoses, he eschews the genre’s preoccupation with either founding or defending polities;1 instead, he constructs a largely ‘pastoral’ epic of sinister bent.2 There would seem to be no place for Rome in a landscape where cities Wgure largely as backdrops established perfunctorily at the beginning of a tale, mere names isolated in wilderness. Rome and her history are indeed curiously patchy presences in the epic. From 13.623 onwards, the Metamorphosesdoes nominally contain the story of her founding. However, Ovid divides the story of Aeneas’ journey from Troy to Italy, the founding of Alba Longa, and the reigns of the early Alban and Roman kings into hasty summaries bracketed between leisurely divagations into extraneous narratives. Anius’ magical daughters (13.632–74), Polyphemus’ love for Galatea and revenge on her lover Acis (13.740–897), Circe’s passion for Glaucus and her retaliation against his beloved Scylla (13.898–14.74), all these stories and more interrupt the Roman narrative, swallowing most of the space in Such as Troy, Ithaca, Thebes, Persia, Colchian Aia, Carthage, Rome—the centres of attention in, respectively, Homer’s Iliadand Odyssey, Antimachus’ Thebais, and Choerilus of Samos’ Persica(both late Wfth century bce), Apollonius Rhodius’ Argonautica, Naevius’ Bellum Poenicum, Ennius’ Annales, and Vergil’s Aeneid. On the eclipse of the city in favour of the countryside in the Metamorphoses, see Hardie (1990: 224).
Ancient Rome for little comrades: the legacy of classical antiquity in Soviet children’s literature*
Authors: Balina Marina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
My verse by labor will break the mountain chain of years, and will present itself ponderous, crude, tangible, as an aqueduct by slaves of Rome constructed, enters into our days. Vladimir Mayakovsky, At the Top of My Voice, 1930 * I would like to thank Diana Spencer, David Larmour, Jason Moralee, and Mark Lipovetsky for their invaluable comments and criticism on earlier versions of this article. My deep appreciation goes to Leila Dadiashvili for her assistance in gathering materials essential to my research. I extend my gratitude to Genevieve Nehrt for providing visual support for this publication. My heartfelt thanks go to my colleague Scott Sheridan whose insightful commentary and stimulating discussions helped me during various stages of this project.
Jane Austen
Authors: Butler Marilyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Definitive, concise, and very interesting... From William Shakespeare to Winston Churchill, the Very Interesting People series provides authoritative bite-sized biographies of Britain’s most fascinating historical figures - people whose influence and importance have stood the test of time. Each book in the series is based upon the biographical entry from the world-famous Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Very Interesting People series includes the following titles: 1.William Shakespeare by Peter Holland 2. George Eliot by Rosemary Ashton 3. Charles Dickens by Michael Slater 4. Charles Darwin by Adrian Desmond, James Moore, and Janet Browne 5. Isaac Newton by Richard S.Westfall 6. Elizabeth I by Patrick Collinson 7. George III by John Cannon 8. Benjamin Disraeli by Jonathan Parry 9. Christopher Wren by Kerry Downes 10. John Ruskin by Robert Hewison 11. James Joyce by Bruce Stewart 12. John Milton by Gordon Campbell 13. Jane Austen by Marilyn Butler 14. Henry VIII by Eric Ives 15. Queen Victoria by K. D. Reynolds and H. C. G. Matthew 16. Winston Churchill by Paul Addison 17. Oliver Cromwell by John Morrill 18. Thomas Paine by Mark Philp 19. J. M. W. Turner by Luke Herrmann 20. William and Mary by Tony Claydon and W. A. Speck.
Childhood
Authors: Butler Marilyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Jane Austen (1775–1817), novelist, was born on 16 December 1775 at the rectory in Steventon, near Basingstoke, Hampshire, the seventh child and younger daughter of George Austen (1731–1805), rector of Deane and Steventon, and private tutor, and his wife, Cassandra (1739–1827), youngest daughter of the Revd Thomas Leigh (1696–1764) and Jane Walker (d. 1768).
George Austen was the only son of William Austen (1701–1737), a surgeon of Tonbridge, Kent, and Rebecca, daughter of the Gloucester physician Sir George Hampson, baronet, who died in 1733.
The making of a writer
Authors: Butler Marilyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In his Memoir of Jane Austen, Edward Austen- Leigh planted the tradition, subscribed to by most twentieth-century critics and biographers, that Austen the novelist was substantially created at home. Thanks to tuition by her father and brothers, Jane was exposed as a child to the eighteenth-century essayists Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, and Samuel Johnson and to the novelists Samuel Richardson and Fanny Burney. It is probably true that the clarity, sharpness, and wit of the prose of Austen’s juvenilia indicate attentive reading in the century’s stylists, a good ear for the balance of a sentence, and sound regard for verbal economy.
Early novels
Authors: Butler Marilyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Having copied and put away her miscellany of juvenilia in June 1793, Jane Austen began work on ‘Elinor and Marianne’, a very early version of Sense and Sensibility, said to have been first written in an epistolary form, and read out to the family about 1795. It was possibly at this time that Austen also began her novella, Lady Susan, although the fair copy of manuscript (now in the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York) is untitled and was written on paper of which two leaves are watermarked ‘1805’. A spirited depiction of a woman seeking self-advancement, Lady Susan was first published as an addition to the second edition (1871) of Edward Austen-Leigh’s Memoir.
Austen at Chawton
Authors: Butler Marilyn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before the end of her stay at Southampton Jane Austen was preparing for the writing she meant to return to once at Chawton. In her new home she was able to establish a routine for her own work with a minimal place in it for housework. Her nephew Edward Austen-Leigh does not comment on the marked generosity of three older women, who agreed to manage the household while Jane wrote. Instead he admired Jane’s ladylike discretion in covering her work with blotting paper in order to keep her secret, that she was writing for publication, from the neighbours. This was rather like her brother Henry’s disingenuous claim that she was prevailed upon with difficulty to publish.
‘England hath need of thee’
Authors: Campbell Gordon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1669 Milton published his Accidence commenced grammar, supplied with suﬃcient rules for the use of such (younger or elder) as are desirous without more trouble than need to attain the Latin tongue, the elder sort especially, with little teaching and their own industry; it is not clear when Milton had written this primer of Latin accidence (that is, the variable forms of words) and grammar, but it is possible that it was a product of his years as a teacher in the 1640s. Two years later Milton published his History of Britain.
Caskets Decorated with Biblical Scenes
Authors: Noga-Banai Galit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two rectangular silver caskets decorated with biblical scenes and dated to the last quarter of the fourth century are known to us. One was found in the church of S. Nazaro in Milan; the other was discovered near Nea Herakleia in Macedonia in 1966. The two differ in size and choice of scenes, but since they share certain iconographic and stylistic elements they provide a good point of departure for our research into early Christian caskets. A monograph has been written on the casket from Milan (see Introduction); here, therefore, the discussionwill focus on the casket from NeaHerakleia while the Milan casketwill be considered in terms of comparison.
Decoration Programmes in Context
Authors: Noga-Banai Galit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Two of the caskets discussed here, the Capsella Africana and the casket from Grado, possibly also the Capsella Brivio, were discovered in churches, and we may add the caskets cited as comparative material, one found in the church of S. Nazaro, the other in the cathedral of Pula.In addition, the Africana and the casket from Grado are decorated with images of martyrs rather than of the apostles; the latter is also inscribed with the martyrs’ names, and so it seems safe to assume that these caskets were intended to be reliquaries. However, the fact of having been found in a church is not sufficient in itself to determine the function of relic container.
Mental Causation on the Program Model
Authors: Menzies Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the late 1980s and early 1990s Philip Pettit collaborated with Frank Jackson in writing an important series of articles in which they proposed an account of causal relevance that they called the program model of causal relevance (Jackson and Pettit 1988, 1990a, 1990b, 1992a, 1992b). While Jackson (1996) seems to have moved away from the model as a solution to the problem of intentional causation (he tells me that he still thinks it is the right account of a major kind of causal relevance), Pettit has gone on to articulate and develop the model in interesting ways on his own.
Contestatory Citizenship; Deliberative Denizenship
Authors: Braithwaite John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Political philosophy is construed as having a relevance problem to a world where power has become pluralized, governance networked. We cannot assume that the Westphalian project of progressively centralizing power in the hands of the state at the expense of other centres of power such as the church, granting the state a monopoly over the use of armed force, continues to be a project with explanatory force. Philip Pettit ‘s political philosophy of republican dispersal of power and contestatory democracy to secure freedom as non-domination is a serviceable framework for coming to grips with pluralized governance through networks.
Crime, Responsibility, and Institutional Design
Authors: Lacey Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, I address certain aspects of two questions to which Philip Pettit ‘s work has made an important contribution. First, given both our normative commitments and our understanding of human psychology and the social world, how can we best design institutions of criminal justice? Second, what role does the concept of human responsibility play in the legitimation of criminalizing power, and how do normative and social analyses of responsibility interact in contributing to our understanding of this question? In selecting these topics, I have been guided not merely by my own research interests, but by what I see as one of the greatest strengths of Pettit ‘s work: his astute grasp not only of normative and conceptual questions in moral and political philosophy, but also of the relevance of empirical facts bearing on, and the institutional conditions of existence of, normatively desirable political arrangements.
Bending The Rules
Authors: Hinde Robert A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Everywhere people share certain moral principles - it is bad to steal, to kill, to lie. We see our morality as absolute, yet we live by rules that differ with the context: it is ok to kill the enemy in war; for a businessman to do the best for himself; for a lawyer to argue professionally for a position he would personally reject. We are constantly ‘bending the rules’, while considering our moral principles as absolute. Robert Hinde, the eminent Cambridge biologist and psychologist, presents a new approach to morality based on combining an evolutionary approach with observations on how people actually behave to show that morality is more subtle than it appears. The complexity of modern societies requires the rules to be somewhat flexible according to the context - personal relationships, science, law, business, politics and war. Some bending of rules is necessary for social cohesion; but too much is destructive. Hinde argues from a humanistic standpoint for a deeper appreciation of the nature of morality, so that we may avoid global catastrophe, and strive for a more ethical, just, and peaceful world.
Objects Collect People: Past Perspectives on the Mind and the Material World
Authors: Gosden Chris , Larson Frances , Petch Alison 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a conventional view, a museum is a set of objects collected by people. But it is possible to reverse this formula and see a museum as a set of people gathered up by objects. Tylor, Balfour, Pitt Rivers, and many other collectors like them collected people partly to collect objects. Take, for example, one letter in the manuscript collections at the Pitt Rivers Museum. In the autumn of 1896 Tylor received the letter from his friend and colleague in Canada, the American ethnologist Horatio Hale, whom he had asked to secure some Canadian wampum beads for his collection.
Intentionality or Phenomenology? Descartes and the Objects of Thought
Authors: Cottingham John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Descartes, according to a widespread conception, is seen as having set a distinctive stamp on the mind–body problem: by taking the mind to be something privately accessed by each individual, he made its relationship to the public world of science a matter for prolonged philosophical puzzlement. But for many late twentieth-century philosophers, the long tangle of problems stemming from the supposed ‘privacy’ of the mental is at last reaching its end, and the focus of debate has shifted back to a quite different aspect of the mind, discussed by philosophers long before Descartes, and later made famous by Brentano, namely its intentionality. Intentionality, that property of the mind in virtue of which it is directed at, or about, or of, certain objects, is not normally thought of as a topic on which Descartes had much to say.
Descartes on Colour
Authors: Cottingham John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘Philosophy scarcely ever advances a greater paradox in the eyes of the people than when it affirms that Snow is neither cold nor white: Fire neither hot nor red.’ So wrote Hume on 4 July 1762; and he commented on the great ‘pains’ it had cost Malebranche and Locke to establish that ‘the Sensible Qualities of Heat, Smell, Sound and Colour’ are ‘not really in Bodies’. What Hume had in mind was Malebranche’s vigorous attack on the ‘error’ whereby almost everyone believes that ‘heat is in the fire ... and colours in coloured objects’ (Recherche de la vérité[1674], bk. I ch. xi), and Locke’s assault on the ‘vulgar’ way of talking ‘as if Light and Heat were really something in the Fire more than a power to excite [certain] Ideas in us’ (Essay concerning Human Understanding [1670], bk. II ch. xxxi §2). But Hume might have gone back further. For both Malebranche and, whether directly or indirectly, Locke, were powerfully influenced in their attitude to colour and other sensible qualities, by the arguments of RenéDescartes. It is the contribution of Descartes to what we now know as the ‘secondary qualities’ tradition that will be the main theme of this chapter.
United States Redistricting: A Comparative Look at the 50 States
Authors: McDonald Michael P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Redistricting in the United States is exceptional in that it is decentralized, political, and often litigated. Article I, Section 4, of the United States Constitution delegates authority to conduct federal elections to the state legislatures; the Constitution is silent on the conduct of state and local elections, reserving those responsibilities to the states. Over time, national and state constitutions have been amended and reinterpreted through the legal system to place constraints on state decision-making with regard to redistricting. In addition, the patch-work of state laws regulating the redistricting process has been supplemented by federal laws and federal court decisions under specific circumstances.
The Politics of Redistricting in Japan: A Contradiction between Equal Population and Respect for Local Government Boundaries
Authors: Moriwaki Toshimasha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In March 1994, the Japanese parliament passed a series of political reform bills. The major purpose of these bills was to revise the electoral system. The system in place at the time, which had been introduced in 1925, was that of multimember districts with a single non-transferable vote (SNTV). Under this system, each electoral district elected three to five representatives and voters cast only one vote. This electoral system was criticized for producing severe competition among individual candidates, as opposed to political parties. Individual candidates were required to collect large amounts of money and organize their own campaigns in order to compete effectively. Critics of this electoral system contended that this had corrupted Japanese politics.
Race and Redistricting in the United States: An Overview
Authors: Lublin David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The racial composition of constituency boundaries has often been manipulated for both racial and partisan purposes in the United States. Racial redistricting, a common American name for this policy, has played a critical role in attempts both to advance and to suppress minority representation in the United States. Although over four decades have passed since the enactment of the Voting Rights Act 1965, heated battles over the necessity of intentionally creating majority– minority districts for the election of minority officials and its impact on minority representation continue in the scholarly, legal, and political arenas.
Interrogating Whiteness
Authors: Huggan Graham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The last decade or so has witnessed the rapid development of a comparative cross-disciplinary scholarship on whiteness that has proved instrumental in building arguments against white supremacism, bigotry and racethinking at both local and, increasingly, transnational and global levels (see, for example, Dyer 1997; Frankenberg 1993, 1997; Hill 1997, 2003; Ware and Back 2002). The aim of this scholarship, particularly widespread in the US, has been to move beyond whiteness as a privileged racial category; its two main variants have been either to press for the abolition of whiteness as the shameful legacy of formerly segregated societies (Ignatiev 1995; Roediger 1994), or to forge more critically conscious understandings of whiteness as an empowering form of ethnic self-identity (Kincheloe et al. 1998). The whiteness to which these critics refer is not a given, ontological category but rather a ‘normative structure, a discourse of power, and a form of [racialized] identity’ (Ware and Back 2002: 13).
Multiculturalism and its Discontents
Authors: Huggan Graham 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1994, the previously little-known writer Helen Darville published her first novel The Hand that Signed the Paper, and almost immediately hit the headlines. Succès d’estime — the novel won a stash of literary prizes— came to be accompanied by succès de scandale as it emerged, not only that it had played fast and loose with Holocaust history, but also that it had been published under a false Ukrainian name. The ‘Demidenko affair’, as it all too quickly came to be known, raised unanswerable questions about its infamous progenitor. Was Demidenko/Darville to be seen as a pathological attention-seeker, or rather as a canny manipulator? Was she to be treated in her own right, or rather to be added to an already impressive list of Australian literary hoaxers, tricksters, frauds?
Essentially Embodied Agency I: Actions, Causes, and Reasons
Authors: Hanna Robert , Maiese Michelle 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It turns out that it is not at all easy to say what the categorical difference between an intentional arm-raising and a mere arm-rising really consists in. Now the we and us in action are conscious, intentional, motile, egocentrically-centered and spatially oriented, thermodynamically irreversible, suitably neurobiologically complex living organisms— minded animals. So our goal in this chapter and the next is to say as precisely as possible what, for minded animals, the categorical difference between intentional actions and mere bodily events really is. More specifically, this chapter explores the neurophenomenological, conceptual, and metaphysical connections between intentional actions, causes, and reasons. In Section 2.1, we spell out and criticize classical causal theories of action in a general way. But as we point out, non-causal theories of action are also unacceptable, since they implausibly substitute teleological reasons-explanations for the basic causal facts that actually bring about intentional actions. Our response to this dilemma is to develop a non-classical but still causal theory of action— what we call the Essentially Embodied Agency Theory. In Sections 3.2 to 3.5 we motivate this theory of action by focusing specifically on Davidson’s classical causal theory and then developing four fundamental worries about it.
Spartan Visions: Antiquity and the Metaxas Dictatorship
Authors: Hamilakis Yannis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In mid-May 1939 an unusual excavation was being carried out by the General Director of Greek Antiquities, Spyridon Marinatos. The excavation, which was reported extensively in the domestic as well as the foreign press, took place at the site of Thermopylai in central Greece, and its aim was to locate the spot of the famous battle between the invading Persian army and the defending ancient Greek soldiers. The battle, which was narrated in detail by Herodotus (VII.213–217), is known in the modern Greek national narrative and imagination as the episode when Leonidas, the Spartan leader, sacrificed himself together with 300 remaining Spartan fighters. The Greek soldiers were managing to successfully resist the invaders but were overcome by them only due to treason by Ephialtes, whose name forever since has been synonymous with shameful national treachery.
Introduction
Authors: Faraone Christopher A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent scholarship on early Greek elegy suggests that there were two basic types: shorter poems sung at symposia on a variety of martial, political, and erotic themes and much longer historical narratives, such as Mimnermus’ Smyrneis or Simonides’ poem on the battle of Plataea. There is less consensus on the existence of a third type, a formal elegaic lament sung in funerary contexts that was perhaps a specialty of the Doric world. Our understanding of all forms of archaic elegy is, however, continually vexed by our inability to know what was the traditional length of a shorter elegiac poem and what—if any—was the size of a typical compositional unit in the more extended poems. Such ignorance greatly limits our aesthetic appreciation, for example, of the poetry of Archilochus and Mimnermus, which survives antiquity only in small, isolated fragments quoted out of context by much later authors, who were generally more interested in mining these ancient poems for moral maxims than appreciating them as examples of archaic poetry. This ignorance is equally debilitating when we turn our attention to the longer