bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of higher-order human values and conspiracy beliefs on COVID-19-related behavior in Germany
Authors: Poier Stefan , Suchanek Michał 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aim
This article simultaneously examines the influence of Schwartz’ higher-order human values (self-transcendence, openness to change, self-enhancement, and conservation) and conspiracy beliefs on four COVID-19-related dependent variables.

Subject and methods
Using path analysis with large-scale panel data from Germany (N = 4382), we tested if the correlational effects of higher-order values as independent variables on the perceived threat of the infection event, evaluation of government measures, number of self-initiated measures, and trust toward individuals and institutions involved as dependent variables could be mediated by conspiracy beliefs.

Results
We found evidence of a significant influence of all four higher-order values on the strength of conspiracy beliefs. In addition, we detected effects of higher-order values and conspiracy beliefs on all four COVID-19-related measures. Self-transcendence with consistently positive and openness to change with consistently negative total, direct, and indirect effects provided the most evident results. The respondents’ country of origin and residence in East or West Germany affected all four COVID-19-related variables.

Conclusion
This article has shown that belief in conspiracy narratives reveals associations of higher-order values with all four COVID-19-related measures that would not have been apparent without this mediator. In doing so, it contributes to the understanding of how pandemic mitigation measures are implemented differently. The results of this study can improve the ability to develop and enforce policies to increase the acceptance of scientifically accepted efforts in better governance.
GRVINS: Tightly Coupled GNSS-Range-Visual-Inertial System
Authors: Lu Bing-Xian , Tsai Yu-Chung , Tseng Kuo-Shih 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBridge inspection is currently a labor intensive task. Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to assist in inspection tasks is a promising direction. However, enabling UAVs for autonomous inspection involves the UAV state estimation problems. Since parts of UAV sensors could be unavailable, how to estimate states via sensor fusion is the key. In this paper, we propose a tightly-coupled nonlinear optimization-based system that integrates four kinds of sensors: camera, IMU, Ultra-wideband (UWB) range measurements, and global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Due to the tightly-coupled multi-sensor fusion method and system design, the system takes the advantage of the four sensors, and can seamlessly respond to indoor and outdoor GNSS and UWB loss or reacquisition. It can effectively reduce the long-term trajectory drift and provide smooth and continuous state estimation. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches.
Impact of an instructional guide and examples on the quality of feedback: insights from a randomised controlled study
Authors: Gyamfi George , Hanna Barbara E. , Khosravi Hassan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile the provision of peer feedback has been widely recommended to enhance learning, many students are inexperienced in this area and would benefit from guidance. This study therefore examines the impact of instructions and examples on the quality of feedback provided by students on peer-developed learning resources produced via an online system, RiPPLE. A randomised controlled experiment with 195 students was conducted to investigate the efficacy of the approach. While the treatment group had access to instructions and examples to support their provision of feedback, the control group had no such assistance. Students’ feedback comments were coded using an adaptation of the S.P.A.R.K. (Specific, Prescriptive, Actionable, Referenced, Kind) model. The results indicate that the instructional guide and examples led to students writing more comprehensive comments. The intervention notably enhanced the presence of feedback traits matching the S.P.A.R.K. model and increased instances where multiple traits of quality were observed in a single comment. However, despite the guide’s impact, the students’ ability to provide actionable feedback was limited. These findings demonstrate the potential of developing and integrating structured guidance and examples into online peer feedback platforms.
Wire Based Directed Energy Deposition of JBK-75
Authors: Schneider J. A. , Puerto G. , Walker E. , Montgomery B. T. , Gradl P. R. , Walker B. , Santangelo M. , Thompson S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractApplications and adoption of metal additive manufacturing (AM) are increasing for fabrication of low volume, complex components with novel materials, as well as replacement parts. While the use of powder bed fusion-based processes have been widely used to build complex components with fine feature resolution, there is a volume limitation. Expanding the application of metal AM will rely on other processes that remove this build size constraint. These processes are referred to as Directed Energy Deposition (DED) and can use either powder or wire feedstock. Wire based DED provides the highest deposition rates which shortens the fabrication time making it attractive for fabrication of large parts replacing traditional wrought billets or castings. In this study, an iron-based austenitic superalloy (JBK-75) was deposited using an arc-based, wire-fed (AW)-DED process. The material was metallographically characterized and quasi-static mechanical properties were obtained. The resulting microstructure and mechanical properties are compared with conventional wrought and cast forms of JBK-75 subjected to the same heat treatments. As compared to wrought material, the AW-DED grain size was larger after the heat treatment, although the strengths were similar. Improved homogenization was observed after heat treatment in the AW-DED specimens as compared to the cast specimens.
Piezo2 Contributes to Traumatic Brain Injury by Activating the RhoA/ROCK1 Pathways
Authors: Xiao Yinggang , Zhang Yang , Yuan Wenjuan , Wang Cunjin , Ge Yali , Huang Tianfeng , Gao Ju 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to short-term and long-term physical and cognitive impairments, which have significant impacts on patients, families, and society. Currently, treatment outcomes for this disease are often unsatisfactory, due at least in part to the fact that the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of TBI are largely unknown. Here, we observed significant upregulation of Piezo2, a key mechanosensitive ion channel protein, in the injured brain tissue of a mouse model of TBI induced by controlled cortical impact. Pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown of Piezo2 after TBI attenuated neuronal death, brain edema, brain tissue necrosis, and deficits in neural function and cognitive function. Mechanistically, the increase in Piezo2 expression contributed to TBI-induced neuronal death and subsequent production of TNF-α and IL-1β, likely through activation of the RhoA/ROCK1 pathways in the central nervous system. Our findings suggest that Piezo2 is a key player in and a potential therapeutic target for TBI.
Treatment of wet coffee processing wastewater using a pulsed-electrocoagulation process: optimization using response surface technique
Authors: Asefaw Kassahun Tadesse , Asaithambi Perumal , Tegegn Maleku 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, turbidity, phosphate, and nitrate from wet coffee processing wastewater by pulsed-electrocoagulation process (PECP) was examined with various factors such as pH: 3–11, reaction time: 15–75 min, current: 0.150–0.750 Amp, and electrolyte concentration: 0.25–1.25 g/L. Several operational parameters for the treatment of wet coffee processing wastewater utilizing the PECP have been optimized through the application of the surface response design technique, which is based on the central composite design. A quadratic model helped estimate the percentage removal of COD, color, turbidity, phosphate, and nitrate with power consumption under various situations. It also evaluated the significance and their interaction with independent variables using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Through the use of statistical and mathematical techniques, optimum conditions were determined in order to remove the maximum pollutant and nutrient while using the minimum of power. The results showed that the removal of COD—98.50%, color—99.50%, turbidity—99.00%, phosphate—99%, and nitrate—98.83%, with a power consumption of 0.971 kWh m−3 were achieved at pH-7, NaCl dose of 0.75 g/L, electrolysis duration of 45 min, and current of 0.45 Amp. Therefore, under the different operating conditions, the PECP demonstrated to be a successful technique for pollutant removal from wastewater and industrial effluent.
Design of water nozzle shape and structure optimization for eccentric injection mandrel in water injection wells
Authors: Li Cong , Ding Lifen , An Runze , Lin Nan , Ming Eryang , Pei Xiaohan , Lan Huiqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInjection mandrel is one of the key components to control the water injection rate of each layer in the layered injection process in the oilfield. The imbalance between the layers can be changed by an optimized injection mandrel to control the appropriate injection rate. This study introduces an approach to optimize water injection in oilfields, focusing on a new eccentric injection mandrel with adjustable flat nozzles. Firstly, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out using FLUENT software to model and analyze the flow characteristics of the injection mandrel. The simulation results were validated through experimental comparisons, demonstrating excellent consistency. Secondly, the nozzle shapes were identified and optimized. The semicircle nozzle demonstrating superior regulation performance due to its smallest differential pressure and a robust linear relationship between flow rate and opening degree. Finally, orthogonal tests are designed for three influencing factors of the eccentric injection mandrel: number of injection holes, injection hole diameter, and nozzle shape. The simulation results show that the number of injection holes is 36, the diameter of injection holes is 3.2 mm, and the eccentric injection mandrel has relatively better performance. After optimization, the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet is reduced by 57.14%, and the average shear stress on the fluid is reduced by 3.88%. This innovative methodology, employing CFD simulations and orthogonal tests, offers precise water injection rate control, reducing water wastage, and optimizing energy consumption in water injection systems.
Integrating environmental monitoring and bird attack prevention in fish farming: a combined solution for improved pond management
Authors: Bose Rajesh , Sutradhar Shrabani , Mondal Haraprasad , Bhattacharyya Debnath , Roy Sandip 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFish farming plays a pivotal role in meeting the ever-increasing global demand for fish and seafood. Yet, fish farmers face formidable challenges in maintaining ideal water conditions and safeguarding their stock from avian predators. This research introduces a comprehensive solution that harnesses IoT technology, real-time monitoring, and bird deterrent mechanisms to heighten the efficiency of fish farming. Through IoT sensors, critical water parameters like temperature, pH, turbidity, and more are continuously monitored, providing real-time data accessible via an intuitive web application and SMS alerts. Motion detection, using passive inferred (PIR) based sensors, activates a water-spraying mechanism to repel birds and safeguard fish, thus eliminating the necessity for expensive and potentially harmful net enclosures. Our experiments underscore the system’s precision, with a mere 0.40 °C average temperature difference compared to traditional measurement tools. This integrated approach not only enhances sustainability and productivity but also reduces manual labour, minimizes losses, and preserves the environment, rendering fish farming more efficient and economically viable.
Effects of NaCl application on cesium concentration, number, and size of epidermal bladder cells in quinoa plants
Authors: Isobe Katsunori , Wada Kengo , Oishi Shota , Higo Masao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) plants possess epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) on the leaf surface that accumulate excess sodium (Na+). However, whether excess cesium (Cs+) is transported from the leaf to the EBCs has not been elucidated in quinoa plants. In this study, the Cs+ concentration of EBCs and leaves of quinoa plants grown in soil treated with high concentrations of NaCl was investigated via pot experiments. Three different treatments were performed: 9.75 g plot, and 19.50 g plot, and a control (with no added NaCl). In 9.75 g plot and 19.50 g plot, 9.75 g and 19.5 g of NaCl were applied to the soil, respectively. And 0.10 g of CsCl were applied to all pots. We observed that Na+ concentration in EBCs and leaves with and without EBCs increased with increasing NaCl concentration at the vegetative and flowering stages; Na+ concentration was lower in the EBCs than in both types of leaves at both growth stages. Cs+ concentration in EBCs and both types of leaves increased with increasing NaCl concentration; Cs+ concentration was higher in EBCs than in both types of leaves at both growth stages. However, NaCl application did not affect the number of EBCs at both growth stages, but the number of EBCs in older leaves was lower than that in younger leaves at both growth stages. Moreover, EBC diameter increased with NaCl application at both growth stages; the EBCs of younger leaves (1st leaf) were larger than those of older leaves (5th leaf) at both growth stages. Therefore, NaCl increased the Cs+-accumulation capacity of quinoa plants by increasing the size of the EBCs.
Numerical simulations of Williamson fluid containing hybrid nanoparticles via Keller box technique
Authors: Rafique Khuram , Alqahtani Aisha M. , Ahmad Shahzad , Aslam Sehar , Khan Ilyas , Singh Abha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, a Williamson hybrid nanoliquid flow over a stretchy surface has been considered. Furthermore, the convective boundary condition is incorporated for the analysis. In view of the practical applications thermal radiation is used to analyze the energy transfer phenomenon. The momentum and energy expressions are solved numerically by employing the KB approach (Keller Box Technique). The energy transfer rate has been discussed in the table. Further, velocity, temperature and Nusselt number impacts against thermal radiations are discussed in detail. This research portrayed that with the growth of suction/injection factor, the energy transmission and skin friction increase. Moreover, the heat transfer rate decreases for both $${(Al}_{2}{O}_{3}+CuO)/SA$$

(
A
l

2

O
3

+
C
u
O
)
/
S
A

and $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}/SA$$

Al

2

O
3

/
S
A

the on the growth of Weissenberg parameter. In the same vain heat transfer rate improves for the increment in the convective parameter.
Fetal Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Absence of Maternal Cytomegalovirus-IgM Seropositivity
Authors: Erenel Hakan , Tuna Guray , Alpay Verda , Polat İbrahim 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate maternal serological status and fetal sonographic findings of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. This is a retrospective study performed at Perinatology Department of Istanbul Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital. A computerized search was conducted to identify cases who underwent prenatal diagnosis of fetal CMV infection between September 2020 and December 2023. We identified nine cases with fetal CMV infection. The clinical data of the patients, gestational age at the time of diagnosis, serological, sonographic findings, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. A computer search of the database was made for the seroprevalance of CMV-IgM and CMV-IgG in our population. The CMV-IgM and IgG results of the 1235 patients who underwent CMV screening in the first trimester between September 2020 and December 2023 were evaluated. Fetal CMV infection was identified in nine patients. None of the 9 cases showed maternal CMV-IgM positivity. Seven of the 9 patients showed high IgG avidity index. Pregnant population had 98 % positivity for CMV-IgG. The evaluation of serologic tests for CMV is not straightforward in the second and third trimester. IgM and IgG avidity should be interpreted with caution in the second and third trimester. In the presence of ultrasound findings suggesting fetal CMV infection and CMV-IgG positivity, invasive diagnostic tests rather than serological test should be discussed with the patient, and non-primary infections should always be considered to minimize overlooked fetal cytomegalovirus infections and missed antiviral treatment opportunity.
Radiation and Chemical Program Research for Multi-Utility and Repurposed Countermeasures: A US Department of Health and Human Services Agencies Perspective
Authors: Rios Carmen I. , Garcia Efrain E. , Hogdahl Thomas S. , Homer Mary J. , Iyer Narayan V. , Laney Judith W. , Loelius Shannon G. , Satyamitra Merriline M. , DiCarlo Andrea L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Although chemical and radiological agents cause toxicity through different mechanisms, the multiorgan injuries caused by these threats share similarities that convene on the level of basic biological responses. This publication will discuss these areas of convergence and explore “multi-utility” approaches that could be leveraged to address common injury mechanisms underlying actions of chemical and radiological agents in a threat-agnostic manner. In addition, we will provide an overview of the current state of radiological and chemical threat research, discuss the US Government’s efforts toward medical preparedness, and identify potential areas for collaboration geared toward enhancing preparedness and response against radiological and chemical threats. We also will discuss previous regulatory experience to provide insight on how to navigate regulatory paths for US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval/licensure/clearance for products addressing chemical or radiological/nuclear threats. This publication follows a 2022 trans-agency meeting titled, “Overlapping Science in Radiation and Sulfur Mustard Exposures of Skin and Lung: Consideration of Models, Mechanisms, Organ Systems, and Medical Countermeasures,” sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), a part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Discussions from this meeting explored the overlapping nature of radiation and chemical injury and spurred increased interest in how preparedness for one threat leads to preparedness for the other. Herein, subject matter experts from the NIAID and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), a part of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR), summarize the knowledge gained from recently funded biomedical research, as well as insights from the 2022 meeting. These topics include identification of common areas for collaboration, potential use of biomarkers of injury to identify injuries caused by both hazards, and common and widely available treatments that could treat damage caused by radiological or chemical threats.
Cutaneous Radiation Injuries: REAC/TS Clinical Experience
Authors: Ervin Mark D. , Goans Ronald , Diffenderfer-Stewart Kristy , Aloisi Becky , Iddins Carol J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site (REAC/TS) is one of the US Department of Energy (DOE)/National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Nuclear Emergency Response Team (NEST) assets and has been responding to radiological incidents since 1976. REAC/TS is in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). A critical part of the REAC/TS mission is to provide emergency response, advice, and consultation on injuries and illnesses caused from ionizing radiation. Fortunately, radiation injuries are not frequent, but when they occur, they are more likely to be cutaneous radiation injuries (CRI) or internal contamination. In this paper, we will review selected cases from the REAC/TS experience in order to illustrate cutaneous patterns of injury and treatment options.
Associations of regular consumption of breakfast, lunch and dinner with Body Mass Index during adolescence: longitudinal findings by weight status among the Eating and Activity over Time 2010–2018 cohort
Authors: Yoon Cynthia Y , Arlinghaus Katherine R , Ledoux Tracey A , Johnston Craig A , Larson Nicole , Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To examine how the associations between meal consumption and BMI over 8 years differ by weight status in a sample of adolescents.

Design:
Longitudinal, population-based study. Breakfast, lunch and dinner consumption and BMI were self-reported. Linear regressions were used to examine how the associations between meal consumption and BMI differed by weight status.

Setting:
Adolescents in the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area.

Participants:
Adolescents (n 1,471) were surveyed as part of the EAT 2010–2018 in 2009–2010 (Mage = 14·3 years) and 2017–2018 (Mage = 22·0 years).

Results:
The prevalence of regular breakfast, lunch and dinner consumption (≥ 5 times/week) ranged from 45 to 65 %, 75 to 89 % and 76 to 94 %, respectively, depending on weight status category. Among adolescents with a sex- and age-specific BMI < 15th percentile, regular consumptions of breakfast, lunch and dinner during adolescence were positively associated with BMI in emerging adulthood compared with irregular consumption of breakfast, lunch and dinner (<5 times/week) after adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics (β = 5·43, β = 5·39 and β = 6·46, respectively; all P-values <0·01). Among adolescents in the BMI 15–85th and 85–95th percentiles, regular consumptions of breakfast, lunch and dinner were positively associated with BMI but to a lesser extent (P-values <0·01). For participants with a BMI ≥ 95th percentile, regular consumptions of breakfast, lunch and dinner were positively associated with BMI, but the associations were not statistically significant (P-values > 0·05).

Conclusions:
The relationship between meal consumption during adolescence and BMI in emerging adulthood differs by adolescent weight status. Future studies should investigate underlying factors related to meal consumption routines and BMI.