bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anaemmia in Pregnancy Study. The Clinical Impact of Treatment for Iron Deficiency Anaemia using an Optimized Care Pathway in accordance with national guidelines
Authors: Churchill David , Ali Hind , Sweity Samaher , Bautista Dianne , Moussa Mahmoud , Devison Laura , Icke Julie , Stanworth Simon J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Iron deficiency anaemia is a common disorder affecting up to 30% of pregnant women. Treatment guidelines for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy exist, which if adopted, can reduce the associated risks of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To optimise the implementation of the British Society of Haematology (BSH) guidelines, for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in pregnancy, assessing response rates and predictability of response. Study population: A prospective cohort study of pregnant women with IDA at a single site. Methods: Women with anaemia were offered follow-up through a dedicated anaemia clinic. First line treatment was with ferrous sulphate 200mg three time a day as per earlier BSH guidelines. The response was assessed 2 to 4 weeks later by measuring the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. A response was defined in 2 ways; i) a haematological response (HRes), a 10g/L increase in Hb and ii) adjusted obstetric response (ORes), a 10g/L increase in Hb and/or gestationally adjusted normalisation of the Hb. Education and advice were provided to women, with on-going follow-up at clinic appointments including an assessment of side effects. Continuing non-response led to an offer of intravenous iron infusion (IVI). Following a response with oral iron, treatment was continued for a further 3 months when the women were again reviewed. Results: The initial rate of HRes to a first course of oral iron was 36.5% and for ORES at 55.2%. At the end of all follow up, post-delivery, the HRes rate was 70.5% and ORes 88.5% (excluding 9 women lost to follow up). Responders (HRes) to oral iron had lower median Hb at diagnosis 95g/L compared to non-responders 100g/L. The responders median Hb was 113g/l versus 103g/L for non-responders at first follow-up and was Hb 122g/L versus 110 g/L, respectively, at the end of the study. The same pattern was seen for ORes. Non-responders reported more side effects than responders 15% versus 5% respectively. Logistic modelling suggested Hb at diagnosis, ethnicity, trimester at recruitment, marital status and parity had a predictive accuracy for a response of 75%. The specificity was high 89.8% but sensitivity low 42.9%. Conclusion: Oral iron treatment for IDA in pregnancy is challenging to deliver due to side effects and poor adherence, despite national guidelines. High rates of non-response were seen even in the setting of a specialist anaemia clinic. Alternative strategies such as prevention of IDA need to be evaluated.
Evaluation of Aerosol Optical Depth (Aod) Estimated by Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (Cams) in Brazil
Authors: Júnior Altemar Lopes Pedreira , Curado Leone Francisco Amorim , Palácios Rafael da Silva , Santos Luiz Octávio Fabricio dos , Querino Carlos Alexandre Santos , Querino Juliane Kayse Albuquerque da Silva , Rodrigues Thiago Rangel , Marques João Basso 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The optical depth of aerosols plays a crucial role in scientific research and environmental policies, making it possible to understand the distribution and extent of aerosols in various regions of Brazil. The objective of this study is to evaluate the estimates of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) product in Brazil. The study covered the sites of Alta Floresta, Ji-Paraná, Rio Branco, Manaus, ATTO, São Paulo-EACH, São Paulo, Itajubá, Cuiabá, São Martinho, Petrolina and Campo Grande. Measured and estimated values were evaluated using Pearson correlation index "r", accuracy using Willmott index "d", Mean Squared Error, Mean Absolute Error and Percentage Bias. Results from the CAMS product showed good agreement with AOD measurements from the Aerosol Robotic Network. There was a strong correlation between the data, with Willmott index "d" values close to 1 and relatively low errors. However, significant differences were observed in some sites, such as Ji-Paraná, Rio Branco, Manaus and ATTO, where the CAMS tended to overestimate the AOD, while in Petrolina there was an underestimation. Variations in AOD occurred in various regions of Brazil over the years analyzed, with an increase during the dry season due to fires and human activities, and a reduction during the rainy months. The areas most affected were those close to the arc of deforestation in the Amazon. Aerosol concentrations have also been influenced by climatic factors, agricultural, industrial and urban activities in different regions of the country. This variability highlights the complexity of the natural and anthropogenic factors that affect air quality and emphasizes the importance of control and mitigation strategies for aerosol emissions. Therefore, the CAMS has demonstrated satisfactory performance in estimating the AOD in Brazil, providing valuable information on aerosol concentrations.
Sexual Dysfunction among Follow-up Patients with Schizophrenia in Southwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Ayalew Semaw , Tesfaye Elias , Ahmed Gutema , Weldemariam Hailemariam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Sexual dysfunction is a broad collection of illnesses marked by major clinical changes in a person's capacity to respond to or enjoy sexual pleasure. Patients with schizophrenia are highly experience sexual dysfunction. The current study is conducted to address the dearth of data on sexual dysfunction status among follow-up patients with schizophrenia in Ethiopia despite the disorder is known for its severe clinical complications and disabilities.
Method: Hospital-based cross-sectional study design and systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 follow-up patients with schizophrenia in Southwest Ethiopia. The Change in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) was used to measure sexual dysfunction. Logistic regression model, 95% CI odds ratio, p-value < 0.05, and descriptive statistics were employed.
Results: A total of 419 participants were interviewed with 99.05% response rate. The mean age of study participants was 35.1 ± 8.98 years. Majority of the respondents, 281 (67.1%) were males. Sexual dysfunction was expected to affect 66.3% of people (95% confidence interval: 61.6%, 70.9%). Having an older age (AOR 2.69; 95% CI: 1.214, 5.967, & 6.73; 95% CI: 2.767, 16.368), being male gender (AOR 2.44; 95% CI: 1.449, 4.108), longer illness duration (AOR 4.04; 95% CI: 2.150, 7.586), atypical antipsychotic use (AOR 3.74; 95% CI: 2.270, 6.149), and having poor quality of life (AOR 3.01; CI: 1.851, 4.881) became significantly associated with Sexual dysfunction in this study.
Conclusion: In the present study, 2/3 of follow-up patients with schizophrenia suffer from sexual dysfunction which is alarming state to professionals in mental health as well as interventions designing organizations.
First identification and isolation of Varicellovirus Equidalpha1 in aborted fetal lung tissues of donkeys
Authors: Tong Panpan , Pan Juanjuan , Dang Yueyi , Yang Enhui , Jia Chenyang , Duan Ruli , Tian Shuyao , Palidan Nuerlan , Kuang Ling , Wang Chuanfeng , Lu Gang , Xie Jinxin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Varicellovirus equidalpha1 (formerly Equid alphaherpesvirus 1, EqAHV-1) is commonly linked to horse abortion. Currently, there are no reported cases of abortion resulting from EqAHV-1 infection in donkeys.
Case presentation: This was the first survey-based study of Chinese donkeys, which identified EqAHV-1 in three aborted fetal lung tissues of donkeys via PCR technique. This survey was conducted in Chabuchar County, north Xinjiang, China, 2020. A donkey EqAHV-1 strain (Chabuchar/2020) was successfully isolated in MDBK cells. Moreover, the ORF33 sequence of the donkey-origin EqAHV-1 Chabuchar/2020 showed a high level of similarity, both in nucleotide (nt) (99.7 to 100%) and amino acid (99.5 to 100%) sequences, with horse EqAHV-1 strains. The discovery of EqAHV-1 Chabuchar/2020 revealed a remarkably consistent region, leading to its classification within cluster 1 of horse EqAHV-1 strains. Further, analysis of the expected ORF30 nt sequence revealed that donkey EqAHV-1 strains contained guanine (G) at the 2254 position of nt, leading to the presence of aspartic acid (D) at the 752 positions of the viral DNA polymerase. Therefore, these strains were classified as horse neuropathogenic strains. Lastly, a phylogenic network model was constructed via partial ORF68 nt sequences. This model disclosed that newly identified donkey EqAHV-1, and China's EqAHV-1, which was found in aborted Yili horses, comprised a novel independent VIII group.
Conclusion: This study showed the first detection and isolation of EqAHV-1 as an etiological agent of abortions in donkeys. Further analysis of the ORF33, ORF30, and ORF68 sequences indicated that the donkey EqAHV-1 contained the neuropathogenic genotype in the VIII group. It is important to pay attention to EqAHV-1 infection in the donkey population, even though the virus has only been identified in donkey abortions in China.
A case haploinsuffificiency of A20 was initial diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: lingling GENG , Xue Xiuhong , Peng Yue , Wen Xinran , Wang Li , Shi Duomei , Li Xiaoqing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Haploinsuffificiency of A20 (HA20) is one of inborn errors of immunity causing severe autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
Case presentation:
Here we reported a case of a 1-year-and-9-month-old boy presented for treatment with pain, swelling and limited mobility in his right ankle. Multiple positive autoantibodies were examined with a history of recurrent oral ulcers during follow-up, and finally diagnosed as HA20 by molecular genetic testing. Clinical symptoms were relieved after treatment.
Conclusion
The clinical heterogeneity of HA20 is significant, the child presented with arthritis, recurrent oral ulcer, positive autoantibodies, mild to moderate anemia, inflammatory markers, and multiple ulcers under colonoscopy, which were similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. Additionally, a new mutation determining a framesetter change of TNFAIP3 gene was detected.
Morphometric characterization of normal and dysplastic canine coxofemoral joint using radiography, and 3D printed models
Authors: Gebriel Maryam E , Mostafa Ayman A. , Tolba Ayman , Shaker Nora A , Abouelela Yara S , Farid Mariam F , Noor Nawal A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to differentiate between normal and dysplastic canine coxofemoral joints by assessing the corresponding bone specimens and digital X-rays moreover, our study provides a substitute teaching strategy using 3D-printed models of canine coxofemoral joints. This work was conducted on twenty-eight mixed breed dogs, sixteen dogs were used for bone preparation samples by boiling method, then these bones were scanned to create relatively identical 3D printed models. twelve dogs were anesthetized for the radiological study. An extended ventrodorsally radiograph of the coxofemoral joint was obtained to calculate the Norberg angle, Centre-edge angle, and dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage width and area indices.
Results: The study's results illustrated the normal conformational anatomic criteria associated with healthy coxofemoral joints versus dysplastic joints in both bone specimens and 3D-printed models. In a normal joint, the coxofemoral articulation was congruent and smoothly margined with the acetabulum being deep and the femoral head being hemispherical. However, the dysplastic coxofemoral joint showed shallow acetabular fossa and a deformed, flattened femoral head with associated osseous proliferation and joint incongruity. The Norberg angle, Centre-edge angle, dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage width, and area indices differed significantly between normal and dysplastic joints. In normal coxofemoral joints, the mean ± (standard deviation) SD value of the Norberg angle was 115.5± 3.05 a, and the Centre-edge angle was 32.57± 3.54 a. The indices of dorsal acetabular femoral head coverage area and width were 52.94± 3.41 a, and 58.32± 5.33 arespectively.
Conclusion: Finally, this work presented alternative teaching models (3d printing) that play an important role in the veterinary field and assist in the understanding of the normal structure and dysplastic state of canine coxofemoral joint. Also, some parameters were measured in x-rays of normal and dysplastic coxofemoral joint to detect hip dysplasia, which helps exclude the highly diseased dogs before breeding.
Endothelial cells-derived Exosomes-based Hydrogel Improved Tendinous Repair via anti- inflammatory and Tissue Regeneration-promoting Properties
Authors: Dou Yichen , Zhai Hong , Li Haiqiu , Xing Hanlin , Zhu Cheng , Xuan Zhaopeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Tendon injuries are common orthopedic ailments with a challenging healing trajectory, especially prominent in cases like Achilles tendon afflictions. The healing trajectory of tendon injuries is often suboptimal, leading to scar formation and functional impairment due to inherent low metabolic activity and vascularization of tendon tissue. The pressing need for effective interventions has led to exploring biomaterials to augment tendon healing. However, tissue engineering approaches face hurdles in optimizing tissue scaffolds and nanomedical strategies. To navigate these challenges, we innovated an injectable hydrogel amalgamated with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells derived exosomes (HUVECs-Exos) aiming for enhanced tendon repair. Employing this concoction in a rat Achilles tendon injury model, both in vivo and in vitro explorations were conducted, unveiling augmented mechanical fortitude, modulated inflammation, stimulated tendon regeneration, and expedited functional recuperation. Extensive in vivo assessments entailed histological and behavioral evaluations. Mechanically, HUVECs-Exos modulated the cellular behavior of macrophages and tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) by inhibiting inflammation-related pathways and promoting proliferation-related pathways. Our findings delineate that the HUVECs-Exos epitomized a viable bioactive medium for tendon restoration, heralding a promising avenue for clinical amelioration of tendon injuries.
Association between cerebral microbleeds and neurological outcomes in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation survivors
Authors: Xu Zhipeng , Kwapong William Robert , Fang Xing , Yu Yongwei , Xu Mi , Zhang Jingchen , Niu Jianhua , He Xujian , Hu Jia , Cao Le , Li Tong , Cai Hongliu , Yan Jueyue 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Changes in blood coagulation factors are associated with neurological deficits in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) survivors. These blood coagulation factors have a diverse impact on the brain and are associated with cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). However, how CMBs mediate the association of blood coagulation factors with neurological deficits in ECMO survivors is not well understood. Here, we aimed to determine how CMBs mediate the association of blood coagulation factors with neurological deficits in ECMO survivors. Methods In this single-center study, blood coagulation profiles during ECMO support including activated clotting time (ACT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), D-Dimer, and fibrinogen levels were documented. Additionally, lowest hemoglobin levels, highest lactate levels, highest sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores within 14 days were recorded. After ECMO discontinuation, stable patients underwent cerebral imaging to assess cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) burden. 90 days post-ECMO, a neurological examination via a modified Rankin scale (mRS) was performed. Results There were 138 ECMO survivors mean age = 53.44 ± 8.96 years; 47.10% males; of the 138 patients, 78 (56.52%) underwent VA ECMO support while 60 (43.48%) underwent VV ECMO. CMB burden significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with most blood coagulation factors. In patients with VV ECMO support, CMB count significantly correlated with ACT (P = 0.003) and SOFA (P = 0.002); in patients with VA ECMO support, CMB count correlated with aPTT (P = 0.044) and PLT (P = 0.013). We showed that lactate had a direct effect on mRS after ECMO support (all P < 0.05). We also showed that the effect of ACT and SOFA on mRS scores was mediated by CMB burden (all P < 0.001). Conclusion CMB burden accounts for the effect of ACT and SOFA on neurological deficits in ECMO survivors.
Do we feel the same emotions in simulation as with a real patient ? A pilot study among dental students
Authors: STRUB Marion 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Simulation is an educational tool for dental students to develop their technical and non-technical skills. To optimize learning in simulation, students must be immersed in a high-fidelity environment and emotionally engaged, as is the case in clinical practice. The primary objective of this study was to assess emotions during simulation training and clinical practice. A commonly practiced procedure, dental extraction, was used as a guideline for this work. Materials and methodology: A self-administered questionnaire related to the emotions felt was completed by the dental students immediately after each dental extraction performed in clinic or simulation. The clinical case was a pediatric patient. Results: The emotions experienced in simulation were similar to those felt by a student during clinical practice. Students enjoyed caring for their patients but lost their composure more easily with difficult children. Students reported being more stressed and having difficulty communicating with younger patients. They acknowledged that their emotions could sometimes influence their care of the patient. Discussion: Emotions can influence clinical decision making. On the other hand, the role of emotions in learning must be considered by teachers so as not to discourage students. Teachers must balance exposure to emotionally charged situations with a method that is conducive to learning. Conclusion: Simulation helps train students in clinical practice and can include the same range of emotions.
Local ionic transport enables selective PGM-free bipolar membrane electrode assembly
Authors: Li Mengran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Bipolar membranes in electrochemical CO2 conversion cells enable different reaction environments in the CO2-reduction and oxygen-evolution compartments. Under ideal conditions, water-splitting in the bipolar membrane allows for platinum-group-metal-free anode materials and high CO2 utilizations. In practice, however, even minor unwanted ion crossover limits stability to short time periods. Here we report the vital role of managing ionic species to improve CO2 conversion efficiency while preventing acidification of the anodic compartment. Through transport modelling, we identify that an anion-exchange ionomer in the catalyst layer improves local bicarbonate availability and increasing the proton transference number in the bipolar membranes increases CO2 regeneration and limits K+ concentration in the cathode region. Through experiments, we show that a uniform local distribution of bicarbonate ions increases the accessibility of reverted CO2 to the catalyst surface, improving Faradaic efficiency and limiting current densities by twofold. Using these insights, we demonstrate a fully PGM-free bipolar membrane electrode assembly CO2 conversion system exhibiting < 1% CO2/cation crossover rates and 80–90% CO2-to-CO utilization efficiency over 150 h operation at 100 mA cm− 2 without anolyte replenishment.
Effect of Sowing Dates on Lettuce Yield, Grown in Open Field and Partial Shade
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Khattak Abdul Mateen , Farooq Ahmad , Bibi Razia , Habib Waqas , Gul Ghani , Asghar Muhammad , Ahmed Manzoor 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A study on the “effect of sowing dates on lettuce yield, grown in the Open field and partial shade” was conducted at the Ornamental Nursery, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2020–2021. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement having two factors, replicated three times was used in the experiment. The lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.), variety ‘Large Speed’ was grown in two growing conditions (open field and partial shade) at different sowing and transplanting dates, and their effect was studied. The seeds of lettuce were sown on six different dates i.e., 24th December 2020, 8th January, 23rd January, 7th February, 22nd February, and 9th March 2021. The results showed that the growing conditions and sowing dates significantly affected the growth and yield of the lettuce crop. Regarding the growing conditions, the plants grown in the open field produced maximum chlorophyll content, number of leaves plant− 1, head diameter, head fresh weight, head dry weight, leaf Area, number of seeds plant− 1, seed yield, and root length plant− 1. On the other hand, maximum head height plant− 1, days to flowering, days to seed production, plant height, and better taste were recorded in partial shade. In terms of sowing dates, maximum chlorophyll content, number of leaves plant− 1, head height, head diameter, head fresh weight, head dry weight, leaf area, number of seeds plant1, seed yield, root length, taste, days to flowering, days to seed production and plant height were recorded for the plants of first sowing and transplanting date (24th Dec). These parameters decreased with delayed sowing and transplanting.
Energy and Economic Impact Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste to Energy in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M. Mominul , Hasanuzzaman Md , Malek A. B.M. A. , Kalam M. A. , Trianni Andrea 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Modern technology converts waste materials into energy through various processes, such as incineration and gasification. The government of Bangladesh (GoB) has targeted to generate 10% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2025. The plot of this study is the two parts of Dhaka city corporations, which are under tremendous pressure to manage its huge amount of solid waste. Proper regional management and waste to Energy (WtE) technology will benefit the city economically and environmentally. The study assessed a range of 15–35% overall system efficiency and 60–80% plant capacity with a moisture content of 50–60%. No process is seen to be economically viable under the current FiT. Therefore, a new FiT of $0.21 (BDT 17.85) per kWh for WtE technology is proposed for harnessing renewable energy from solid wastes in the context of Bangladesh, which can bring the environment of the established landfills at Matuail and Amin Bazar in two parts of Dhaka city corporation namely North and South. Four technologies are analyzed in this study; among them, the best economic performance is found in resource recovery canters with waste-to-energy technology. This waste management technique requires the lowest capital investment (CAPEX) and minimum operational expenses (OPEX) among the four alternatives studied. With the prevailing conditions of the wastes and a suggested FiT of $0.21 per kWh, the NPV is estimated to be USD 31.4 million, the IRR of the project stands at 18.16%, the B/C ratio is 1.32, and ROI is 32.28%.