bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risky business: How standardization as coordination tool in ecosystems impacts firm‐level uncertainty
Authors: Toh Puay Khoon , Pyun Eugene 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryCoordination challenges generate uncertainties in ecosystems. Past research suggests that standardization mitigates these challenges, reducing ecosystem‐level uncertainty. But how does it affect firm‐level uncertainty over value‐appropriation? We examine heterogeneity in the latter effect. Using 1996–2010 data on standard‐setting in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) ecosystems and a firm‐level uncertainty measure based on stock option implied volatility, we demonstrate that while standardization reduces uncertainty for firms that own part of the standardized components, it heightens uncertainty for firms that do not, especially when they face strong rivals in complementary technologies or have fewer complementary technologies or production assets themselves. Findings stress that coordination tools enhancing ecosystem‐level value‐creation can end up hurting firm‐level value‐appropriation and worsen uncertainty for some firms in the ecosystem that the tools are meant to help.Managerial SummaryIn an ecosystem, a firm faces two types of uncertainty—ecosystem‐level uncertainty over how to coordinate with others on developing interoperable parts, and firm‐level uncertainty over whether it can occupy a viable position to capture value. Standardization, a commonly touted solution, reduces the former but not necessarily the latter. Using 1996–2010 data on standard setting in ICT ecosystems and stock option implied volatility, we show that for non‐standard‐owner firms, standardization in fact worsens the latter, especially when they face strong rivals or lack complementary technologies or production assets in areas complementary to the standard. Thus, tools like standardization meant to solve ecosystem‐level coordination problems can end up raising more doubts on firms' ability to capture value and discouraging firms from participating instead of promoting ecosystem growth.
Mn(II) Optimized Sono/Chemodynamic Effect of Porphyrin‐Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets for MRI‐Guided Colon Cancer Therapy and Metastasis Suppression
Authors: Hang Lifeng , Li Meng , Zhang Yuxuan , Li Wuming , Fang Laiping , Chen Yiyu , Zhou Chunze , Qu Hong , Shao Lianyi , Jiang Guihua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) offers a remarkable non‐invasive ultrasound (US) treatment by activating sonosensitizer and generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inhibit tumor growth. The development of multifunctional, biocompatible, and highly effective sonosensitizers remains a current priority for SDT. Herein, the first report that Mn(II) ions chelated Gd‐TCPP (GMT) nanosheets (NSs) are synthesized via a simple reflux method and encapsulated with pluronic F‐127 to form novel sonosensitizers (GMTF). The GMTF NSs produce a high yield of ROS under US irradiation due to the decreased highest occupied molecular orbital−lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap energy (2.7–1.28 eV). Moreover, Mn(II) ions endow GMTF with a fascinating Fenton‐like activity to produce hydroxyl radicals in support of chemodynamic therapy (CDT). It is also effectively used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high relaxation rate (r
1: 4.401 mM−1 s−1) to track the accumulation of NSs in tumors. In vivo results indicate that the SDT and CDT in combination with programmed cell death protein 1 antibody (anti‐PD‐1) show effective metastasis prevention effects, and 70% of the mice in the GMTF + US + anti‐PD‐1 group survived for 60 days. In conclusion, this study develops a sonosensitizer with promising potential for utilizing both MRI‐guided SDT and CDT strategies.
Tuning Intermediates Adsorption and C─N Coupling for Efficient Urea Electrosynthesis Via Doping Ni into Cu
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Zhao Yajun , Sendeku Marshet Getaye , Li Fuhua , Fang Jinjie , Wang Yuan , Zhuang Zhongbin , Kuang Yun , Liu Bin , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSimultaneous electrochemical reduction of nitrite and carbon dioxide (CO2) under mild reaction conditions offers a new sustainable and low‐cost approach for urea synthesis. However, the development of urea electrosynthesis thus far still suffers from low selectivity due to the high energy barrier of *CO formation and the subsequent C─N coupling. In this work, a highly active dendritic Cu99Ni1 catalyst is developed to enable the highly selective electrosynthesis of urea from co‐reduction of nitrite and CO2, reaching a urea Faradaic efficiency (FE) and production rate of 39.8% and 655.4 µg h−1 cm−2, respectively, at −0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). In situ Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) measurements together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that Ni doping into Cu can significantly enhance the adsorption energetics of the key reaction intermediates and facilitate the C─N coupling. This work not only provides a new strategy to design efficient electrocatalysts for urea synthesis but also offers deep insights into the mechanism of C─N coupling during the co‐reduction of nitrite and CO2.
Chiral Nanomaterials for Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Qu Aihua , Sun Maozhong , Xu Liguang , Liu Liqiang , Guo Lingling , Chen Panpan , Wang Qing , Du Zhiyong , Wu Zhimeng , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChirality is a fundamental characteristic of living organisms and is commonly observed at the biomolecule, cellular, and tissue levels. Chiral nanomaterials play an irreplaceable role in nanomedicine and nanobiology because of their unique enantioselectivity with biological components. Here, research progress relating to chiral nanomaterials in the field of vaccines is reviewed, including antigen presenting systems, immune adjuvants, and cancer vaccines. First, the common synthesis methods are outlined for different types of chiral nanomaterials, as well as their chiral sources, optical properties, and potential biological applications. Then, the application of chiral nanomaterials are discussed in the field of vaccines with reference to the promotion of antigen presentation and activation of the immune system for tumor immunotherapy. Finally, the current obstacles and future research directions of chiral nanomaterials are revealed with regard to regulating the immune system.
Phylogeny and biogeography of the Cryptocaryeae (Lauraceae)
Authors: Song Yu , Xia Shang‐Wen , Tan Yun‐Hong , Yu Wen‐Bin , Yao Xin , Xing Yao‐Wu , Corlett Richard T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe biogeographical history of many lineages within the Lauraceae remains poorly known because of the difficulty of assigning macrofossils to living genera, poor pollen preservation, and the absence of sufficiently resolved or well‐supported phylogenies. Here, we utilize plastid genome sequencing to reinvestigate the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of trees in the tribe Cryptocaryeae, an important component of broad‐leaved forests worldwide, with around 800 species that rely on vertebrate frugivores to disperse their seeds. A new time‐calibrated phylogeny with high support for 176 species was used to infer the biogeographic history and speciation rates based on inferences of BAMM analyses. A monophyletic Cryptocaryeae with Aspidostemon, Beilschmiedia, Cryptocarya, Dahlgrenodendron, and Eusideroxylon clades was confirmed. The five clades of Cryptocaryeae were estimated to share a common ancestor in tropical Africa or Asia in the Early Cretaceous around 123 Ma. The Beilschmiedia and Cryptocarya clades were estimated to have originated in South America around 66 Ma. Extant subclades of the Beilschmiedia clade could colonize Australia by 35 Ma and extant subclades of the Cryptocarya clade could colonize Australia by 42 Ma. Diversification rates of the Beilschmiedia clade accelerated 14 and 12 Ma after its origin and diversification rates of the Cryptocarya clade accelerated 18 Ma after its origin. Over 45% extant Cryptocaryeae species originated in the three periods of accelerated differentiation in the Miocene of Asia and Australia. Long‐distance dispersal has had a major influence on biogeography, with dispersal to Asia likely occurring seven times, Zealandia six times, America three times, Australia three times, Africa twice, and Oceania at least once. Over 70% extant Cryptocaryeae species which diverged before the Quaternary grow in the Southern Hemisphere, while 90% extant Cryptocaryeae species which diverged in the Quaternary grow in the Northern Hemisphere. The Cryptocaryeae originated in and diversified with the first angiosperm‐dominated broad‐leaved evergreen forests, from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene. Long‐distance seed dispersal, probably by birds, although possibly also by flotation, has allowed the tribe to track these forests in space and time, despite a failure to adapt to cold, dry, or highly seasonal environments.
The effects of 17α‐methyltestosterone on gonadal histology and gene expression along hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, germ cells, sex determination, and hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid axis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Li Minchun , Zhang Ning , Huang Yiting , Pan Chang‐Gui , Dong Zhongdian , Lin Zhong , Li Chengyong , Jiang Yu‐Xia , Liang Yan‐Qiu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs a synthetic androgen, 17α‐methyltestosterone (MT) is widely used in aquaculture to induce sex reversal and may pose a potential risk to aquatic organisms. This ecological risk has attracted the attention of many scholars, but it is not comprehensive enough. Thus, the adverse effects of MT on zebrafish (Danio rerio) were comprehensively evaluated from gonadal histology, as well as the mRNA expression levels of 47 genes related to hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis, germ cell differentiation, sex determination, and hypothalamus‐pituitary‐thyroid (HPT) axis. Adult zebrafish with a female/male ratio of 5:7 were exposed to a solvent control (0.001% dimethyl sulfoxide) and three measured concentrations of MT (5, 51 and 583 ng/L) for 50 days. The results showed that MT had no significant histological effects on the ovaries of females, but the frequency of late‐mature oocytes (LMO) showed a downward trend, indicating that MT could induce ovarian suppression to a certain extent. The transcriptional expression of activating transcription factor 4b1 (atf4b1), activating transcription factor 4b2 (atf4b2), calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II delta 1 (camk2d1), calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II delta 2 (camk2d2) and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II inhibitor 2 (camk2n2) genes in the brain of females increased significantly at all treatment groups of MT, and the mRNA expression of forkhead box L2a (foxl2) and ovarian cytochrome P450 aromatase (cyp19a1a) genes in the ovaries were down‐regulated by 5 and 583 ng/L group, which would translate into inhibition of oocyte development. As compared to females, MT had relatively little effects on the reproductive system of males, and only the transcriptional alterations of synaptonemal complex protein 3 (sycp3) and 17‐alpha‐hydroxylase/17,20‐lyase (cyp17) genes were observed in the testes, not enough to affect testicular histology. In addition, MT at all treatments strongly increased corticotropin‐releasing hormone (crh) transcript in the brain of females, as well as deiodinase 2 (dio2) transcript in the brain of males. The paired box protein 8 (pax8) gene was significantly decreased at 51 or 583 ng/L of MT in both female and male brains. The above results suggest that MT can pose potential adverse effects on the reproductive and thyroid endocrine system of fish.
1‐Benzylimidazole attenuates the stemness of breast cancer cells through partially targeting CYP4Z1
Authors: Qin Hai , Zhou Yi , Liu Hai , Yuan Yaqin , Guo Qianqian , Yuan Manqin , Xi Tao , Zhang Yujie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCytochrome P450 (CYP) 4Z1 (CYP4Z1) has recently garnered much interest as its expression predicts a poor prognosis and as a oncogene in breast cancer, and overexpressed in other many cancers. We previously showed that CYP4Z1 acts as a promoter of cancer stem cells (CSCs) to facilitate the occurrence and development of breast cancer. Here, RNA sequencing found that 1‐benzylimidazole (1‐Benzy) held a preferable correlation with breast cancer and suppressed the expression of CSC makers. Further functional experiments, including mammary spheroid formation, wound‐healing, transwell‐invasion, detection of tumor initiation, and metastatic ability, showed that 1‐Benzy suppressed the stemness and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Additionally, we further demonstrated that CYP4Z1 is necessary for 1‐Benzy‐mediated suppression on breast cancer stemness and 1‐Benzy exerted a weaker effect in breast cancer cells with CYP4Z1 knockdown. Taken together, our data suggest that 1‐Benzy might be a potential drug suppressing breast cancer stemness via targeting CYP4Z1.
Contactless calibration of microchanneled AFM cantilevers for fluidic force microscopy
Authors: Sittl Sebastian , Helfricht Nicolas , Papastavrou Georg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is an analytical technique that is increasingly utilized to determine interaction forces on the colloidal and cellular level. Fluidic force microscopy, also called FluidFM, became a vital tool for biomedical applications. FluidFM combines AFM and nanofluidics by means of a microchanneled cantilever that bears an aperture instead of a tip at its end. Thereby, single colloids or cells can be aspirated and immobilized to the cantilever, for example, to determine adhesion forces. To allow for quantitative measurements, the so‐called (inverse) optical lever sensitivity (OLS and InvOLS, respectively) must be determined, which is typically done in a separate set of measurements on a hard, non‐deformable substrate. Here, we present a different approach that is entirely based on hydrodynamic principles and does make use of the internal microfluidic channel of a FluidFM‐cantilever and an external pressure control. Thereby, a contact‐free calibration of the (inverse) optical lever sensitivity (InvOLS) becomes possible in under a minute. A quantitative model based on the thrust equation, which is well‐known in avionics, and finite element simulations, is provided to describe the deflection of the cantilever as a function of the externally applied pressure. A comparison between the classical and the here‐presented hydrodynamic method demonstrates equal accuracy.
Digital and Digitised Space as an Opportunity for Advancement
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter analyses the terms of action and structures in the virtual space, comparing them with the rules of the real space. The initial separation between real space and cyberspace is artificial yet intentional, with the aim of illustrating space-related opportunities. A view of the new opportunities in connection with digitalised reals spaces, and in particular with virtual spaces, also includes the problem that obtaining digital contents can be realised in society only in an unequal manner. In this context, educational research has identified serious limitations which are identified as digital divides and will be looked at from different angles. Incorporating these findings, it will be examined to what extent digitalisation can withstand the previously highlighted restrictions of capital accumulation and in which areas of daily life it is possible to dissolve the existing spatial and social rules.
Decontextualised Data and Socio-Spatial Differences
Authors: Scheffer Jörg 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis chapter presents (personalised) data as commodities and demonstrates the related contexts of utilisation. Making concrete the possibilities of recursive reference in the data economy, we return to the physical environment: Using commercially traded data for the cities of Berlin, Munich and Essen, an exemplary and empirical study examines in what manner a data-based logic of utilisation reaches the different districts and their inhabitants and the implications this carries for socialisation and the overall social question.
Methodische Grundlagen und Forschungsdesign
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird das methodische Vorgehen meiner empirischen Forschung detailliert beschrieben, um sowohl die Erhebung als auch die Analyse der Daten sowie deren Aussagekraft und Reichweite für den/die LeserIn nachvollziehbar zu machen. Nach einer kurzen einleitenden Vorstellung der Forschung wird im Abschnitt 4.1 die qualitative Methode der Grounded Theory kurz dargestellt und die eigene Positionierung innerhalb der Methodologie beschrieben. Anschließend erfolgt im Abschnitt 4.2 die Darlegung der Datenerhebung, des Feldzugangs, der Fallauswahl sowie der Kriterien und Dimensionen der Fallauswahl.
Die Macht der Bergbauunternehmen – der Fall Tierra Amarilla
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungVon Pabellón aus liegt Tierra Amarilla etwas über 20 Kilometer flussabwärts im selben Tal und befindet sich fast genau zwischen Pabellón und der Regionalhauptstadt Copiapó. Die Kleinstadt ist zudem die Hauptstadt der gleichnamigen Gemeinde zu der auch Pabellón gehört. Anders als Pabellón und Chañaral liegt Tierra Amarilla inmitten eines derzeit noch aktiven Abbaugebietes.
Zusammenfassung und Auswertung der Forschungsergebnisse
Authors: Landherr Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDas zentrale Erkenntnissinteresse dieser Forschung besteht darin, die Gegebenheiten, Mechanismen und Strukturen sowie die Akteure und ihre (in)actions zu identifizieren, die dazu beitragen oder die verhindern, dass die Tailings des chilenischen Bergbaus in der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung und unter den beteiligten Akteuren als zu lösendes Umweltproblem anerkannt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Forschungsheuristik erstellt, die die Kernkategorie der (Un-)Sichtbarkeit, mit denen der (in-)action und des (Nicht-)Wissens in Verbindung setzt. Die vorliegende Forschung wird zudem von folgenden Forschungsfragen geleitet: Warum bleiben Tailings trotz ihrer enormen Belastung für Mensch und Umwelt weitgehend „unsichtbar“? In welcher Beziehung stehen Wissen/Nichtwissen und action/inaction der Akteure zur Sichtbarkeit/Unsichtbarkeit des Phänomens? Wie, warum und durch wen wird das slow violence-Phänomen unsichtbar gehalten oder sichtbar gemacht? Welche sozialen Mechanismen, Interessen und Strukturen stecken hinter dem Phänomen der Unsichtbarkeit und führen zu ihrer konkreten aktuellen Ausprägung? Welche Strukturen, Mechanismen und Akteure verhindern die Sichtbarkeit? Wann kommt es zu latenten und wann zu manifesten Konflikten in Bezug auf Tailings? Unter welchen Umständen wird dieses slow violence-Phänomen sichtbar? Die zentrale These dieser Arbeit besteht darin, dass alle drei Kategorien – (Un-)Sichtbarkeit, (Nicht-)Wissen und (in-)action – in ihren jeweiligen positiven oder negativen Ausprägungsformen miteinander korrelieren und sich wechselseitig verstärken, wobei die Handlungsmöglichkeiten der jeweiligen Akteure gegenüber der Problematik direkt von den Wechselwirkungen abhängen.
Towards quantum black hole microstates
Authors: Choi Sunjin , Kim Seok , Lee Eunwoo , Lee Siyul , Park Jaemo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study the cohomology of local BPS operators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Yang-Mills theory. The finite N cohomologies consist of the graviton part (subject to the stringy exclusion principle) and the rest which may describe black hole microstates in quantum AdS/CFT. We construct an infinite tower of non-graviton cohomologies in the SU(2) theory and study to what extent they simulate quantum black holes. We find signals for partial no-hair behaviors by showing that certain gravitons are forbidden to dress these cohomologies. This is in qualitative agreement with the perturbative hairs allowed around black holes, which also leads us to a natural setup to construct hairy BPS black holes. The cohomologies are simpler to study in the BMN matrix model truncation of the classical field theory.
Harvesting correlations from vacuum quantum fields in the presence of a reflecting boundary
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Zhang Jialin , Yu Hongwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We explore correlations harvesting by two static detectors locally interacting with vacuum massless scalar fields in the presence of an infinite perfectly reflecting boundary. We study the phenomena of mutual information harvesting and entanglement harvesting for two detector-boundary alignments, i.e., parallel-to-boundary and orthogonal-to-boundary alignments. Our results show that the presence of the boundary generally inhibits mutual information harvesting relative to that in flat spacetime without any boundaries. In contrast, the boundary may play a doubled-edged role in entanglement harvesting, i.e., inhibiting entanglement harvesting in the near zone of the boundary while assisting it in the far zone of the boundary. Moreover, there exists an optimal detector energy gap difference between two nonidentical detectors that makes such detectors advantageous in correlations harvesting as long as the interdetector separation is large enough. The value of the optimal detector energy gap difference depends on both the interdetector separation and the detector-to-boundary distance. A comparison of the correlations harvesting in two different alignments shows that although correlations harvesting share qualitatively the same properties, they also display quantitative differences in that the detectors in orthogonal-to-boundary alignment always harvest comparatively more mutual information than the parallel-to-boundary ones, while they harvest comparatively more entanglement only near the boundary.
Quadratic functions fulfilling an additional condition along the hyperbola $$\pmb {xy = 1} $$
Authors: Boros Zoltán , Garda-Mátyás Edit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we give necessary conditions for quadratic functions $$ f :\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

f
:
R
→
R

that satisfy the additional equation $$ y^2 f(x) = x^2 f(y) $$

y
2

f

(
x
)

=

x
2

f

(
y
)

under the condition $$ xy = 1 \,$$

x
y
=
1

.