bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Biochar Type and Amendment Rates on Soil Physicochemical Properties: Potential Application in Bioengineered Structures
Authors: Hussain Rojimul , Kumar Himanshu , Bordoloi Sanandam , Jaykumar Swathylakshmi , Salim Salih , Garg Ankit , Ravi Karangat , Sarmah Ajit K. , Gogoi Nirmali , Sreedeep Sekharan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Biochar has recently gained attention as a potential soil amendment for its usage in bioengineered structures, e.g., landfill cover system, green slopes, green corridor, etc., that usually comprises compacted soil with vegetation. In literature, many studies have explored the effect of biochar sourced from plant (agri-residues, wood)- and animal-based biomass on physicochemical properties of soil suitable for agricultural application. However, systematic study rarely has been conducted for soil suitable for bioengineered structures, and contradictory results have been reported. The objective of the present study is to explore the effects of biochar produced from different feedstock types (poultry litter, water hyacinth, and sawdust) on physicochemical properties of soil for bioengineered structures application. The results revealed that the amendment of biochar increased the liquid limit (14–52 %), plastic limit (PL, 2–66 %), optimum moisture content (OMC, 4–50 %), pH (29–59 %), cation exchange capacity (20–428 %), and water absorption capacity (12–94 %), whereas it decreased the maximum dry density (7–17 %), specific gravity (3–17 %), and shrinkage area ratio (SAR, 22–57 %) of the soil. Among the different biochar types tested, water hyacinth biochar (WHB) exhibited the highest increase in PL, OMC, and pH, and decrease in specific gravity and SAR of the soil after amendment, whereas poultry litter biochar showed the lowest variation of the same. These changes in the soil physicochemical properties after biochar amendment are likely attributed to the presence of intrapores and active chemicals in biochar, which are highly dependent on feedstock types. The findings of the present study could be useful in understanding the hydro-mechanical and plant interaction of biochar-amended soil (BAS), and potential implementation of BAS in bioengineered structures.
Geospatial Liquefaction Modeling of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake Sequence by an Ensemble of Global, Continental, Regional, and Event-Specific Models
Authors: Asadi Adel , Sanon Christina , Cakir Elife , Zhan Weiwei , Shirzadi Hooman , Gaskins Baise Laurie , Onder Cetin Kemal , Moaveni Babak 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A global geospatial liquefaction model (GGLM-2017) was previously developed (Zhu et al., 2017) using logistic regression (LR) and is currently used by the U.S. Geological Survey as the preferred liquefaction model to map liquefaction probability immediately after the occurrence of earthquake events. This research proposes an ensemble modeling approach to improve the performance of the GGLM-2017 for geospatial liquefaction modeling of the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes using an updated inventory of liquefaction occurrence locations in Europe (the OpenLIQ database, which includes prior events occurring in Türkiye) and a new inventory from the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes (gathered from multiple sources). Using the same geospatial proxies for soil saturation, soil density, and earthquake loading, and the same non-liquefaction sampling strategy used to develop GGLM-2017, the proposed ensemble method is validated on the data of the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes by integrating four models, including global (GGLM-2017), continental (LR model trained on eight European events), regional (LR model trained on three historical events in Türkiye), and event-specific (LR model trained on partially available data from the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes) models. The inventory from the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes is split into two batches, in which the first batch (163 liquefaction occurrences) resulted from the preliminary reconnaissance and is used for training the event-specific model, and the second batch (284 liquefaction occurrences) resulted from a more complete reconnaissance (which was made available later) and is used for validating all models. The rationale for using the first batch for training the event-specific model is to exploit the information as they become available to optimize the performance of global model in liquefaction prediction. The final ensemble probability assignment is done by averaging the probabilities derived by the four individual models, and a 50% threshold is used for classification accuracy evaluations. Comparative analysis of the ensemble model’s performance with the GGLM-2017 showed improved predictive accuracy, resulting in higher liquefaction detection for the specific event under study (the 2023 Türkiye earthquakes). The ensemble model also provides an estimate of model uncertainty.
Application of GK17 Ground-Motion Model to Preliminary Processed Turkish Ground-Motion Recordings Dataset and GK Model Adjustment to the Turkish Environment by Developing Partially Nonergodic Model
Authors: Graizer Vladimir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The global ergodic GK17 (Graizer, 2018) ground-motion model developed using the Next Generation Attenuation-West2 database (Ancheta et al., 2014) for the active crustal regions (ACRs) was applied to the dataset of recordings from the two largest moment magnitude Mw 7.8 and 7.5 earthquakes in Türkiye (Buckreis et al., 2023a). The GK17 model demonstrates acceptable performance while mostly underpredicting spectral accelerations (SAs) at near-fault up to ∼100 km and far-field more than ∼400 km rupture distances for periods T &lt; 1 s. The GK17 model was modified by applying additional Rrup distance and VS30 residuals corrections, creating an updated GK nonergodic model tuned for Türkiye called the GK_T model. After varying anelastic attenuation of SAs QSA, it was concluded that the average for the ACRs value of QSA=120 produces the best results. Comparisons of the model site amplification functions (SAFs) show that the GK_T SAFs are lower compared to the GK17 model. The Türkiye-specific GK_T partially nonergodic model shows better agreement with the recorded data than the ergodic GK17 model, especially at short periods and short rupture distances. As expected, application of the Türkiye-specific model results in a lower sigma. It is also lower than the within-event sigma of the GK17 model, except for the period range of 1.5 &lt; T &lt; 3 s. Improvements to the GK_T model can be expected with an addition of deep sediment (basin depth) information to the current dataset and other earthquakes in the region.
Intervención digital basada en la atención plena para estrés y ansiedad generalizada en trabajadores universitarios
Authors: Alarcón Rojas Carlos Adríán , López Zavaleta Karen Concepción , Cantell-Rojas María Fernanda , Bruno-Aguirre Guadalupe Victoria , Alvarez Bañuelos María Teresa , Ortiz  León María Cristina 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Analizar el efecto y la percepción de una intervención digital, basada en atención plena para disminuir el estrés y ansiedad generalizada entre los trabajadores de la Universidad Veracruzana (UV).
Materiales y Métodos: Un ensayo clínico aleatorizado se llevó a cabo con 102 participantes, divididos en un grupo experimental y un grupo control para evaluar el efecto de una intervención a través de WhatsApp, en la reducción del estrés y la ansiedad. El grupo experimental recibió un programa de meditación con el fin de capacitarlos y enseñarles a practicar la atención plena. Se utilizaron las escalas de estrés percibido PSS-10 y del trastorno de la ansiedad generalizada GAD-7 para evaluar el efecto de la intervención. Los participantes expresaron su opinión sobre la intervención mediante entrevistas focalizadas con preguntas estandarizadas.
Resultados: Se encuentra una disminución en las medianas del nivel de estrés percibido y ansiedad generalizada del grupo experimental entre el momento pre-intervención y post-intervención, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, p=0.012 y p=0.013, respectivamente. En el grupo control se visualiza un ligero aumento en dichos niveles y no se identifican diferencias significativas entre la medición basal y final, tanto en estrés como en ansiedad. En el análisis del espectro del discurso, se examinó la categoría de "Usabilidad" y se identificaron diferentes aspectos relacionados con la percepción, participación y recomendación de la intervención.
Conclusiones: se encontró una mejoría estadísticamente significativa en los niveles de estrés y ansiedad generalizada. Se demuestra que, realizar intervenciones en salud pública que involucren la tecnología, es cada vez más adaptable y contribuye al avance del conocimiento dentro del autocuidado de la salud mental entre los trabajadores de la Universidad Veracruzana.

Palabras clave: Atención plena; Estrés; Ansiedad; Ensayo clínico.
Salary Disparities in Public Health Occupations: Analysis of Federal Data, 2021‒2022
Authors: Krasna Heather , Venkataraman Malvika , Patino Isabella 
Published: January 2024

Objectives. To assess salary differences between workers within key public health occupations in local or state government and workers in the same occupations in the private sector. Methods. We used the US Department of Labor’s Occupational Employment and Wage Survey (OEWS). Referencing previous studies matching Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) codes with health department occupations, we selected 44 SOC codes. We contrasted median salaries in OEWS for workers in each occupation within state or local government with workers in the same occupations outside government. Results. Thirty of 44 occupations paid at least 5% less in government than the private sector, with 10 occupations, primarily in management, computer, and scientific or research occupations paying between 20% and 46.9% less in government. Inspection and compliance roles, technicians, and certain clinicians had disparities of 10% to 19%. Six occupations, primarily in social work or counseling, paid 24% to 38.7% more in government. Conclusions. To develop a sustainable public health workforce, health departments must consider adjusting their salaries if possible, market their strong benefits or public service mission, or use creative recruitment incentives such as student loan repayment programs for hard-to-fill roles. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(3):329–339. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307512 )
Strengthening Quality Measurement to Predict Success for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Zheng Hua , Ash Arlene S. , Yang Wenyun , Liu Shao-Hsien , Allison Jeroan , Ayers David C. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
When performed well on appropriate patients, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can dramatically improve quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to measure outcome following TKA. Accurate prediction of improvement in PROMs after TKA potentially plays an important role in judging the surgical quality of the health-care institutions as well as informing preoperative shared decision-making. Starting in 2027, the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) will begin mandating PROM reporting to assess the quality of TKAs.

Methods:
Using data from a national cohort of patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA, we developed an original model that closely followed a CMS-proposed measure to predict success, defined as achieving substantial clinical benefit, specifically at least a 20-point improvement on the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Joint Arthroplasty (KOOS, JR) at 1 year, and an enhanced model with just 1 additional predictor: the baseline KOOS, JR. We evaluated each model’s performance using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) and the ratio of observed to expected (model-predicted) outcomes (O:E ratio).

Results:
We studied 5,958 patients with a mean age of 67 years; 63% were women, 93% were White, and 87% were overweight or obese. Adding the baseline KOOS, JR improved the AUC from 0.58 to 0.73. Ninety-four percent of those in the top decile of predicted probability of success under the enhanced model achieved success, compared with 34% in its bottom decile. Analogous numbers for the original model were less discriminating: 77% compared with 57%. Only the enhanced model predicted success accurately across the spectrum of baseline scores. The findings were virtually identical when we replicated these analyses on only patients ≥65 years of age.

Conclusions:
Adding a baseline knee-specific PROM score to a quality measurement model in a nationally representative cohort dramatically improved its predictive power, eliminating ceiling and floor effects and mispredictions for readily identifiable patient subgroups. The enhanced model neither favors nor discourages care for those with greater knee dysfunction and requires no new data collection.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Mid-Cretaceous Accelerated Cooling of the Beishan Orogen, NW China: Evidence from Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology
Authors: Wang Fujun , Luo Meng , He Zhiyuan , Wang Yiqiong , Zheng Bihai , Zhang Zhiyong , Hu Xiao , Zhu Wenbin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Beishan orogen, a significant component of the southern Altaids, presents an opportunity for investigating the intracontinental deformation and exhumation history of the Altaids during the Mesozoic era. Although previous studies indicated that the Beishan orogen has experienced multiple reactivation since the late Mesozoic, the precise extent of these events remains poorly constrained. Here, we provide a comprehensive synthesis of field observations and apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronological dating throughout the Beishan orogen. Detailed field observations confirmed four major E-W trending thrusts in our study area. Based on the youngest truncated strata associated with the thrusts and previous dating results from neighboring regions, we propose that these thrust sheets likely developed in the late Middle Jurassic. AFT dating results from seven pre-Mesozoic granitoid samples and associated with thermal history modeling demonstrate that the Beishan orogen experienced a rapid basement cooling during the mid-Cretaceous (~115–80 Ma). Moreover, a compilation of previously published and newly gained AFT data reveals a comparable mid-Cretaceous cooling event in other parts of Central Asia, such as Qilian Shan, Eastern Tianshan, and Altai-Sayan. This observation suggests that the mid-Cretaceous cooling event is more likely to be regional rather than localized. This mid-Cretaceous cooling pulse is interpreted as a tectonic exhumation controlled by boundary faults and related to the rotation of the Junggar and Tarim basins. These processes are linked to distant plate-margin events along the Eurasian continent.
Gravity-Seismic Joint Inversion of Lithospheric Density Structure in the Qiongdongnan Basin, Northwest South China Sea
Authors: Li Chaoyang , Gong Wei , Zhao Lihong , Li Zhonghua , Zhi Pengyao , Ge Jiayu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB), located at the northwestern corner of the South China Sea (SCS), is a key juncture between the extensional tectonic regime in the northern continental margin and the shear tectonic regime in the western continental margin. Analyzing the crustal density structure and tracking the thermodynamic controlling factors are effective approaches to reveal the nonuniform breakup process of the northwestern SCS. Herein, focusing on the obvious tectonic deformation with distinct eastern and western parts in the QDNB, we present the crustal density structures of five profiles and identify the high-density anomaly related to the synrifting mantle underplating and postrifting magmatic intrusions. The crustal density model was constructed from the Bouguer gravity anomaly, ocean bottom seismic profiles, and multichannel seismic reflection profiles. The northern part of QDNB, with normal crustal density, lower surface heat flow of &lt;55 mW/m2, and limited extension factor of 1.25–1.70, is recognized as the initial nonuniform extension continental crust. The mantle underplating beneath the QDNB is identified as a high mantle density of 3.30–3.40 g/cm3 and a high lower crustal density of 2.92–2.96 g/cm3, which is usually recognized by the high-velocity layers in the northeastern margin of SCS. The magmatic intrusions are identified as the high-density bodies ranging from 3.26 g/cm3 at the base to 2.64 g/cm3 at the top, which become stronger from the west to east. The central part of Xisha Trough is featured by the cooling of the heavily thinned lower crust in the final continental rifting stage, which is close to the cold and rigid oceanic crust. Lateral variations in the deep magmatic anomaly should be the crucial factor for the nonuniform breakup process in the northwestern margin of SCS.
Influence of Hydraulic Conditions on Seepage Characteristics of Loose Sandstone
Authors: Jia Mingtao , Jiang Quan , Xu Qi , Su Xuebin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
To investigate the impact of hydraulic conditions on the seepage characteristics of loose sandstone, this study employed optimized methods to prepare loose sandstone samples. Subsequently, seepage experiments were conducted under different injection pressures, flow rates, and flow volumes. The permeability, porosity, particle size distribution, and other parameters of the rock samples were obtained. By analyzing the response of seepage characteristics to pore and particle size characteristics, the influence of different hydraulic conditions on the seepage characteristics of loose sandstone was explored. The results indicated that improvements in the parameters of hydraulic conditions had different effects on various rock samples. For rock samples with developed seepage channels, increasing the value of each hydraulic condition parameter could expand the channels and discharge particles, and improve permeability. For rock samples with a larger number of small pores, increasing each hydraulic condition parameter caused particles to crack under pressure, drove particles to block holes, and thus reduced permeability. In this experiment, the permeability parameter had a significant positive response to the proportion of pores larger than 0.1 µm and a significant negative response to the proportion of particles smaller than 150 µm.
CMOS Optoelectronic Spectrometer based on Photonic Integrated Circuits for In Vivo 3D Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Drexler Wolfgang , Agneter Anja , Müllner Paul , Nguyen Quang , Seyringer Dana , Rank Elisabet , Vlaskovic Marko , Kraft Jochen , Sagmeister Martin , Nevlacsil Stefan , Eggleing Moritz , Maese-Novo Alejandro , Morozov Yevhenii , Bodenstorfer Ernst , Cipriano Pietro , Zimmermann Horst , Leitgeb Rainer , Hainberger Rainer , Schmitner Nicole , Kimmel Robin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Photonics integrated circuits (PICs) represent a promising technology for the much-needed medical devices of today. Their primary advantage lies in their ability to integrate multiple functions onto a single chip, thereby reducing the complexity, size, maintenance requirements, and costs. When applied to optical coherence tomography (OCT), the leading tool for state-of-the-art ophthalmic diagnosis, PICs have the potential to increase accessibility, especially in scenarios, where size, weight, or costs are limiting factors.
In this paper, we introduce an unprecedented fully integrated CMOS-compatible spectrometer, an optoelectronic system based on PIC for spectral domain OCT. To achieve this, we co-integrated a 512-channel arrayed waveguide grating with electronics.
We successfully addressed the challenge of establishing a connection with minimal losses between the optical components and photodiodes co-integrated on a chip achieving a transmission efficiency of 70%.
With this fully integrated PIC-based spectrometer interfaced to a spectral domain OCT system, we achieved a sensitivity of 92dB at an imaging speed of 55kHz, with a 6dB signal roll-off occurring at 2mm. We applied this innovative technology successfully to obtain 3D in vivo tomograms of zebrafish larvae and human skin.
This ground-breaking fully integrated spectrometer represents a significant step towards a miniaturised, cost-effective, and maintenance-free OCT system.
Risk factors for developing Polyautoimmunity in patients with non-infectious uveitis and their impact on visual outcomes.
Authors: de-la-Torre Alejandra , Cifuentes-González Carlos , Rojas-Carabali William , Mejia-Salgado Germán , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Camilo Andrés , Saboya-Galindo Paola , Romero-Santos Sofia , Flórez-Esparza Gabriela 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives To identify the risk factors for PolyA development in NIU patients and determine if PolyA may be related to worse visual outcomes.Methods We investigated immune-mediated diseases in a cross-sectional study of 218 consecutive NIU patients. Univariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis with Cox regression were performed for losing two lines of vision on the Snellen between patients with PolyA and without PolyA.Results PolyA was present in 45.9% of NIU patients. Median age at diagnosis was 44 (IQR 24–57) years, with a predominance of women (PolyA 71% vs. without PolyA 68%). Uveitis etiology shows a difference between patients with PolyA and without PolyA (autoimmune disease represents 54% PolyA vs. 0.8% without PolyA (P < 0.001)). Clinical features of PolyA uveitis included mainly bilateral, anterior, and non-granulomatous, with insidious onset and a recurrent course. The most common immunomarkers were HLA-B27 and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), that was also significantly more frequent in PolyA patients (25% vs. 9.3% (P = 0.002)). Risk factors for developing PolyA included ages 30–64, anterior uveitis, positive ANAs, and familial autoimmunity. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a statistically significant increased risk of losing two lines of vision on the Snellen chart for visual acuity (HR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.00-6.29, P = 0.049).Conclusion The development of PolyA in NIU can lead to a more rapid loss of two or more lines of vision. NIU patients aged 30–64 with anterior uveitis, familial autoimmunity, and positive ANAs require frequent follow-up to identify and manage it promptly.
Nitrous Oxide activates layer 5 prefrontal cortical neurons via SK2 channel inhibition for antidepressant effect
Authors: Cichon Joseph , Joseph Thomas , Wasilczuk Andrzej , Markman Daniel , Kelz Max , Nagele Peter 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) induces rapid and durable antidepressant effects in patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression1,2. The cellular and circuit mechanisms mediating this process are not known. Here we find that a single dose of inhaled N2O induces rapid and specific activation of layer V (L5) pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of rodents exposed to chronic stress conditions. N2O-induced L5 activation rescues a stress-associated hypoactivity state, persists following N2O exposure, and is necessary for its antidepressant action. While NMDA-receptor (NMDA-R) antagonism has been N2O’s purported mechanism of action, L5 neurons activate independently from NMDA-R function and synaptic activity. By examining different molecular targets controlling excitability and cortical circuit elements, we identify N2O-induced inhibition of calcium-sensitive potassium (SK2) channels as a primary molecular interaction responsible for driving both rapid and persistent L5 activity along with its ensuing antidepressant-like effects. These results suggest that N2O-induced L5 activation is crucial for its fast antidepressant action and this effect involves novel and specific molecular actions with SK2 channels expressed in specific L5 cell types.