bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiography Calcium Score And Aortic Stiffness As Predictive Tools Of Severity Of Coronary Artery Disease. A Single Center Egyptian Experience
Authors: Ahmed Asmaa , Roshdy Alaa , Abdeltawab Adham 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a leading cause of death worldwide. Coronary angiography represents the gold standard for diagnosis and selection of the best treatment for patients with CAD. However some efforts have been made to predict CAD severity and complexity using non-invasive methods to identify the patients at high risk for cardiovascular events with less risk to the patients and before doing coronary angiography. Characterization of coronary-artery calcification by computed tomography known as Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is proven to be equivalent to the total coronary atherosclerosis load and the angiographically significant lesions. Echocardiographic calcium score is now validated against non-coronary calcium by computed tomography with lower cost and no irradiation safety issues for reclassification of cardiac risk.
Aim and Objectives: to determine the correlation of echocardiography calcium score and Aortic stiffness to severity of coronary artery disease.
Patients and Methods: Patients coming to Ain Shams University Hospitals for elective coronary angiography were subjected to history taking, examination, blood samples and echocardiographic examination. The calculated echocardiographic calcium score and calculated Aortic stiffness were correlated with their coronary angiography films.
Results: The study included 45 patients. The mean final calcium score of the whole study group was 4.95±1.29. The mean Aortic distensibility was 0.0044±0.0029. The mean syntax score of the whole study group was 22.88±12.3. There was highly significant difference between the numerical values of syntax score and final calcium score. There was weak negative but significant correlation between the syntax score numerical value and aortic distensibility.
Conclusion: Echocardiographic calcium score is associated with the severity of CAD. The relationship between Aortic stiffness by echocardiography and severity of CAD still needs further evaluation. The low cost, availability and the radiation free nature of echocardiography make it an attractive candidate regarding the non-invasive tools for prediction of CAD.
LLMs can Design Sustainable Concrete – a Systematic Benchmark
Authors: Völker Christoph , Rug Tehseen , Jablonka Kevin Maik , Kruschwitz Sabine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the context of a circular building material economy, the complexity of resource flows and the variability of material composition pose significant challenges. This study demonstrates how Large Language Models (LLMs) can advance material design by adopting a Knowledge-Driven Design (KDD) approach that outperforms traditional Data-Driven Design (DDD) methods. Our focus is on designing alkali-activated concrete (AAC) mix designs, an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional Portland cement-based concrete. GPT-3.5 Turbo and GPT-4 Turbo enable using fuzzy design knowledge as previously untapped input data modality. A key aspect of our research is to improve the performance of the LLMs in post-training. We use strategies such as refining prompt context, extending test time, and including a verifier.The study's systematic benchmarks are based on 240 AAC formulations extracted from the literature. The target was on achieving maximum compressive strength through an adaptive design approach over multiple development cycles. We compare these results to the traditional DDD baseline methods. KDD outperforms conventional methods by providing robust initial predictions and demonstrating effective adaptability informed by laboratory validation data, culminating in the development of high-quality AAC formulations. These results provide valuable insight into the capabilities of chat-based LLMs in managing complex material formulations, which are particularly beneficial in situations where traditional DDD is impractical due to data collection issues. With natural language as the basis the KDD is intuitively accessible to domain experts. The methodology and results of this study have significant implications for the field of materials science, particularly in the context of a circular economy, and pave the way for innovative applications of LLMs in various scientific fields.
Deriving location-specific synthetic seasonal hyetographs using GPM records and comparing with SCS curves
Authors: Ram Bhavin , Gaur Murari Lal , Patel Gautam R. , Tiwari M. K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The hyetograph represents the temporal spread of rainfall intensity occurring at a point or over a watershed during a storm. The importance of regionally derived/developed hyetographs and the pooled sets of categorical seasonal curves on intensity-duration, intensity-depth, and depth-duration are of multifarious conveniences and importance. Twenty-one years of daily and sub-daily rainfall records (2000–2020) regained via satellite-observed precipitation products were examined and used to retrieve a valid understanding towards annual, monthly, daily, and hourly based variability of rainfall across six different stations. An attempt was made to compare the shapes of synthesized seasonal rain mass curves with that of the historic Soil Conservation Service (SCS) mass curve. The results indicate that the location-specific patterns and trends of curves do not align closely with any historical SCS curves or theoretical curves prevalent in the literature and commonly adopted. It has been observed that region-specific rainfall and its temporal distributions exhibit unique trends, not necessarily conforming to the standard SCS-based curves categorized as Types I, Ia, II, and III. This emphasizes the need to rely more on region-specific curves rather than instinctively adopting a standard set of curves.
Estimation of non-stationary return levels of extreme temperature by CMIP6 models
Authors: Mohammadi Tayybeh , Moghaddasi Mahnoosh , Anvari Sedigheh , Aziz Rizwan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of climate change on return level of extreme maximum temperature (EMT) events in Iran. To this end, the CRU gridded dataset was used to collect EMT for the 1901–2014 period and future data were projected from four available CMIP6 models, where the BCC-CSM2-MR performed best under the latest Shared Socioeconomic Pathways-Representative concentration pathways (SSPs-RCPs) emission scenarios for the 2015–2100 period. The non-stationary state of the distribution was considered under three models GEV0 (location and scale parameters are constant), GEV1 (nonstationary of location), and GEV2 (nonstationary of scale) based on the evaluation criteria . The findings indicate that, when using a non-stationary approach and considering the SSP5-8.5 scenario for a 2-year return period, the return level of extreme temperature increased by up to +4°C compared with the stationary approach, while considering a non-stationary approach without climate change, the increase in the return level of extreme temperature was much smaller(up to +0.7°C). MCMC and DE-MC showed no significant differences and demonstrated that all stations are non-stationary in terms of the location parameter (GEV1).
CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL: O MOTOR DA INOVAÇÃO NO SETOR METALMECÂNICO
Authors: Salvador Sabrina Longhi , Biegelmeyer Uiliam Hahn , Fernandes Alice Munz , Fidélis Andréa Cristina Fermiano , Pozzo Danielle Nunes , Camargo Maria Emilia , Moreira Luís Fernando 
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o quanto a cultura organizacional influencia na cultura de inovação e na gestão da inovação em uma empresa do setor metalúrgico na Serra Gaúcha. A metodologia utilizada é pesquisa quantitativa exploratório por meio do estudo de caso único com 32 respondentes colaboradores da empresa. A coleta foi por formulário enviado aos colaboradores e atingiu 100% da amostra. Os dados forma tratados por meio de estatística descritiva abordando as dimensões: cultura organizacional e cultura da inovação/gestão da inovação. Dos resultados foi proposto um framework conceitual do estudo. Analisar a influência da cultura organizacional na cultura de inovação e gestão da inovação em uma metalúrgica foi o objetivo central deste estudo. A fundamentação teórica proporcionou a compreensão dos conceitos de cultura organizacional, cultura de inovação e gestão da inovação, permitindo descrever a cultura da empresa.
Inhibition of Taurine-upregulated Gene 1 Upregulates MiR-34a-5p to Protect against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion via Autophagy Regulation
Authors: Duan Qunjun , Dong Aiqiang , Cheng Haifeng , Zhang Shufen , Chen Wei , Yang Weijun 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) has been identified on long noncoding
RNA (lncRNA); however, its function in myocardial cells following ischemia/
reperfusion (I/R) injury has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the role of
LncTUG1 in I/R injury by focusing on its relationship with autophagy induction by regulating
miR-34a-5p expression.

Methods:
We established a myocardial I/R model and H9C2 hypoxia-ischemic and reoxygenation
(HI/R) conditions to induce I/R injury. TTC, Western blot, CCK-8 assay, quantitative reverse
transcription PCR, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy were used to assess the size
of myocardial infarct, level of some apoptotic-related and autophagy-associated proteins, cell
viability, the level of LncRNA TUG1, apoptosis, and autophagy, respectively.

Results:
The results revealed that a TUG1 knockdown protected against I/R-induced myocardial
injury by decreasing the impairment in cardiac function. LncRNA TUG1 expression was increased
in a myocardial I/R model and HI/R in H9C2 cells. Moreover, inhibition of LncTUG1
enhanced H9C2 cell viability and protected the cells from HI/R-induced apoptosis. Silencing
LncRNA TUG1 promoted HI/R-induced autophagy. Furthermore, TUG1 siRNA upregulated the
level of miR-34a-5p compared to the HI/R group. The protective effect of LncRNA TUG1 inhibition
on H9C2 cells following HI/R was eliminated by blocking autophagy with an miR-34a-5p
inhibitor.

Conclusion:
These findings indicated that inhibiting TUG1 may reduce the extent of myocardial
I/R injury by regulating miR-34a-5p. Taken together, these results suggest that LncRNA TUG1
may represent a novel therapeutic target for myocardial I/R injury.
GATA6 Suppresses Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression by Activating CFTR to Modulate Arachidonic Acid Metabolism
Authors: Lin Yong , Chen Yushan , Zhang Yi , Weng Jianming , Shen Rongqiang , Lin Yulin , Zhang Wenshan 
Published: February 2024

Background:
CFTR, which belongs to the ATP-binding cassette transporter family
and whose members are always involved in cancer progression, is implicated in lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) progression, but the underlying mechanism remains undefined. Therefore, this
study intended to investigate how CFTR works exactly on LUAD progression.

Methods:
Bioinformatics methods were utilized to analyze GATA6 and CFTR expression in
LUAD and targeting relationship, followed by a pathway enrichment analysis of CFTR. GATA6
and CFTR expression levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. Cell viability and proliferation were
detected through MTT and colony formation assays. An arachidonic acid (AA) assay kit was utilized
to measure AA content. mRNA and protein expression levels of genes (cPLA2, COX-2,
and CYP1A1) related to the AA metabolism pathway were detected by qRT-PCR and western
blot, respectively. Moreover, the Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP were used to verify
the binding of GATA6 and CFTR promoters.

Results:
GATA6 and CFTR were lowly expressed in LUAD, and CFTR was enriched in the AA
metabolism pathway. GATA6 activated CFTR transcription. Cellular and rescue experiments revealed
that low or high CFTR expression could foster or hamper LUAD cell viability and proliferation,
and concomitant treatment of indomethacin, an AA metabolism pathway inhibitor, mitigated
stimulation on LUAD progression by low CFTR expression. Silencing of GATA6 reversed
the suppressive impact of CFTR overexpression on LUAD progression via modulation of the
AA metabolism pathway.

Conclusion:
The activation of CFTR by GATA6 hampered LUAD progression by modulating
the AA metabolism pathway, suggesting that GATA6/CFTR axis might be a therapeutic target
for LUAD patients.
IL-33/ST2 Signaling and its Correlation with Macrophage Heterogeneity
and Clinicopathologic Features in Human Intrahepatic
Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Yasen Aimaiti , Yang ZhanDong , Feng Jun , Liang RunBin , Dai TianXing , Li Kai , Cai YuHong , Wang GuoYing 
Published: February 2024

Background:
IL-33/ST2 signaling plays crucial roles in the development and progression
of various human malignancies. However, its significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
(ICC) still remains unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the expression of IL-33/ST2 signaling and its correlations
with macrophage heterogeneity and ICC patients' clinicopathologic features.

Methods:
The expression of different phenotype macrophage markers and IL-33/ST2 signalingrelated
markers was detected. The correlation between L-33/ST2 signaling and different phenotype
macrophage markers as well as ICC patients' clinicopathologic data was evaluated.

Results:
Massive heterogeneous cancer cells and PAS-positive cells were observed in tumor tissues.
CD68-positive cells accumulated in tumor tissues and expression of both M1 phenotype markers
and M2 phenotype macrophage markers was higher in tumor samples than para-carcinoma samples.
However, M2 phenotype macrophages represented the dominant macrophage population in ICC
tissues. Plasma levels of IL-33, ST2, and MIF were evidently enhanced in ICC patients compared to
healthy controls. IL-33/ST2 signaling-related markers exhibited a massive increase in tumor samples
than para-carcinoma samples. IL-33 and ST2 expression in ICC tissues was positively associated
with M1 and M2 phenotype macrophages. Plasma levels of IL-33, ST2, and MIF were correlated
with the diameter of tumor lesions, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and tumor differentiation
degree. Multivariate analysis demonstrated IL-33 expression to exhibit a correlation with the
diameter of tumor lesions, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. Additionally, there was a relationship
observed between ST2, MIF expression, and diameter of tumor lesions plus TNM stage.

Conclusion:
IL-33/ST2 signaling exhibited a positive relationship with macrophage heterogeneity
in ICC tissues, and upregulated levels of IL-33, ST2, and MIF were associated with aggressive
clinicopathologic characteristics. These findings may provide promising diagnostic biomarkers and
potential therapeutic strategies for ICC patients targeting IL-33/ST2 signaling.
Vitamin B12 Protects against Genotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin
Authors: Al-Bataineh Wejdan M. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Khabour Omar F. , Mahasneh Amjad , Al Momany Enaam M. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Cisplatin is an effective synthetic chemotherapeutic drug used for cancer
treatment. Vitamin B12 has been shown to possess anti-genotoxic activity. This study aimed to investigate
the effect of vitamin B12 on chromosomal damage induced by cisplatin.

Methods:
The level of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs)
were measured in cultured human blood lymphocytes treated with cisplatin and/or vitamin B12.

Results:
The results showed a significantly elevated frequency of CAs and SCEs of cisplatin-treated
cultures compared to the control (P < 0.05). The CAs and SCEs induced by cisplatin were significantly
lowered by pretreatment of cell cultures with vitamin B12. In addition, cisplatin caused
a slight reduction in the mitotic index (MI), while vitamin B12 did not modulate the effect of cisplatin
on MI.

Conclusion:
Vitamin B12 can protect human lymphocytes against genotoxicity associated with
cisplatin.
PPT1 Promotes Growth and Inhibits Ferroptosis of Oral Squamous Cell
Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Luo Qingqiong , Hu Sheng , Tang Yijie , Yang Dandan , Chen Qilong 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers
with poor prognosis in the head and neck. Elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying
OSCC occurrence and development is important for the therapy. Dysregulated palmitoylation-related
enzymes have been reported in several cancers but OSCC.

Objective:
To explore the role of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) in OSCC.

Methods:
Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) and related protein-protein interaction networks
between normal oral epithelial and OSCC tissues were screened and constructed via different online
databases. Tumor samples from 70 OSCC patients were evaluated for the relationship between
PPT1 expression level and patients’clinic characteristics. The role of PPT1 in OSCC proliferation
and metastasis was studied by functional experiments, including MTT, colony formation,
EdU incorporation and transwell assays. Lentivirus-based constructs were used to manipulate the
gene expression. FerroOrange probe and malondialdehyde assay were used to determine ferroptosis.
Growth of OSCC cells in vivo was investigated by a xenograft mouse model.

Results:
A total of 555 DEGs were obtained, and topological analysis revealed that the PPT1 and
GPX4 might play critical roles in OSCC. Increased PPT1 expression was found to be correlated
with poor prognosis of OSCC patients. PPT1 effectively promoted the proliferation, migration and
invasion while inhibiting the ferroptosis of OSCC cells. PPT1 affected the expression of glutathione
peroxidase 4 (GPX4).

conclusion:
PPT1 inhibits ferroptosis and promotes the growth of OSCC cells. PPT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
Dating Violence, Lifestyle and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Women University Students
Authors: Mendoza-Catalan Geu , Pimentel-Jaimes Jose Alfredo , Orendain-Jaime Erika Nallely , Dominguez-Chavez Claudia Jennifer , Higuera-Sainz Jose Luis , Villa-Rueda Alma Angelica , Rieke-Campoy Ulises , Camargo-Bravo Adriana 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Dating violence is a prevalent issue among Mexican women, as is the
incidence and prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The effects of dating violence
can negatively impact lifestyle and, consequently, increase the risk of T2DM.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the influence of dating violence on lifestyle and the risk
of T2DM in women university students from Mexico.

Methods:
The study employed a cross-sectional and correlational design. The study population
consisted of women university students. The sample size included 255 participants. Women
aged 18 to 39 with current dating relationships and residency in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico,
were included. Data collection was conducted from February to May 2023. Correlations
and multiple linear regression models were conducted.

Results:
A total of 255 women participated, with an average age of 21.6 years (SD = 3.2), and
32.2% had a history of intrafamily violence during childhood. 58.8% of the participants exhibited
some level of risk of T2DM, and 56.7% of the lifestyle was mostly categorized as poor/fair.
Detachment was the most prevalent type of dating violence, followed by coercion. Dating violence
was correlated with lifestyle (r = -.430) and the risk of T2DM (r = .321). In the multiple
linear regression model, dating violence influenced the risk of T2DM.

Conclusions:
Women who reported higher levels of dating violence have a less healthy lifestyle
and a greater risk of T2DM. It is important to consider dating violence to improve lifestyle and
prevent T2DM in Mexican women university students.
Endophytes: Untapped Source of Antifungal Agents
Authors: Kumari Sudesh , Gulia Prity , Choudhary Pooja , Sharma Namita , Dahiya Sweety , Punia Aruna , Chhillar Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2024

:
Screening for novel bioactive compounds has become more critical since drugresistant
fungal infections have emerged and ethno-medicinal plants have been embarked as antifungal
agents. The emphasis on medicinal plants has recently switched to the study of endophytes
and their interactions with the host plant and screening of their antifungal activity. Endophytes
are an endosymbiotic group of microorganisms that thrive within plant tissues without causing
any symptoms or marking their presence. Endophytes have been looked into as potential resources
for producing distinctive bioactive substances. The quest for bioactive natural compounds
of endophytes isolated from higher plants is receiving a lot of interest from researchers worldwide,
as seen by the recent surge in studies and publications on antifungal potential. This review
aims to comprehend the role and applications of endophytes as a promising source of antifungal
agents and enlighten on their most common mode of action.
Rapid Determination of Diverse Ganoderic Acids in Ganoderma Using
UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Yang Yan , Jian Yuying , Liu Bin 
Published: February 2024

Background::
Ganoderma is known for its pharmaceutical, nutritional, and functional
benefits. Its primary bioactive components are ganoderic acids. However, previous quantification
methods only analyzed an individual or limited number of ganoderic acids. This study aims to develop
a reliable method for simultaneously quantifying the major ganoderic acids to enhance Ganoderma
quality control and study its active ingredients.

Methods::
We developed a rapid quality assessment method to simultaneously determine the eleven
ganoderic acids in Ganoderma using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The sample extraction method, along with mass spectrometric detection
and chromatographic separation conditions was optimized. The separation was carried out using
the ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with a gradient elution of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water
and acetonitrile. The mass spectrometry utilized negative mode electrospray ionization (ESI), with
quantitative analysis being carried out in the MRM mode.

Results::
The calibration curves showed good correlation coefficients (r2 > 0.998). The recovery
range was 89.1–114.0%. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) were below
6.8% (n = 6) and 8.1% (n = 6), respectively. Furthermore, the detection and quantification limits
were 0.66–6.55 μg/kg and 2.20–21.84 μg/kg, respectively. All 11 ganoderic acids in the sample solution
remained stable at room temperature for 72 hours. A total of 11 ganoderic acids were quantified
in the 13 Ganoderma samples. The levels of ganoderic acids were higher in Ganoderma lucidum than
in Ganoderma sinense.

Conclusion::
The method developed in this study can quantify ganoderic acids in Ganoderma lucidum,
thus establishing a technical foundation for evaluating the Ganoderma quality.