bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Reducing Alcohol Use Among People with HIV Alleviate Psychological Distress and Symptoms of Depression? A Randomized Controlled Trial in Tshwane, South Africa
Authors: Bantjes Jason , Morojele Neo K. , Myers Bronwyn , Swanevelder Sonja , Parry Charles 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlthough alcohol use is associated with depression, it is unclear if brief alcohol reduction interventions can ameliorate depression and psychological distress among people with HIV (PWH). We use data from a two-arm randomised controlled trial to examine this question. PWH on antiretroviral treatment (ART) were randomly assigned to receive a brief intervention or treatment as usual (n = 622). Screening was done with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-C, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, at baseline and at 3- and 6-months post-baseline. Changes in depression and psychological distress was assessed using analysis of covariance models with baseline measures of alcohol consumption, sex and age included as covariates and adjusting for baseline symptom severity. Changes in alcohol consumption between baseline and follow-up were included in the analysis to establish if this affected outcomes. For both the intervention and control groups, there were significant reductions in symptom severity at 3-months and 6-months for depression and psychological distress, but no significant between group differences were observed. Reductions in alcohol consumption were significantly associated with reductions in depression and psychological distress, supporting the hypothesis that alcohol use is linked to depression among PWH.Trial RegistrationPan African Clinical Trials Register, PACTR201405000815100.nh
What impedes and enables flourishing among early career academics?
Authors: Stratford Elaine , Watson Phillipa , Paull Brett 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarly career academics face a rapidly changing higher education sector and too little is known about what helps them flourish in the profession. This paper responds to that gap by reporting research undertaken in a single or intrinsic case study of one Australian university. We invited participation from a full cohort of 1019 academics in one large College. Of those, 41 early career academics or ECAs and 45 more senior academics or MSAs engaged in a 50-question survey. Of those, 18 ECAs and 16 MSAs who had flagged interest then completed an in-depth interview. We learned about: ECAs’ work; what they and MSAs think impedes and enables that work; work-life balance; and experiences of mentoring and career development. We also asked for their perspectives on the future. We found remarkable agreement across the two cohorts that mirrors concerns expressed in a growing, internationally significant literature. Members of both cohorts appealed for strengthened organisational and sectoral commitments to caring career pathways and sought more certainty in challenging times. Our findings led us to conclude that academics have high hopes that universities and those in higher education policy settings can address work overload; enhance professional development across all duties; make leaner systems and processes; have more realistic expectations about research; and better value academics’ profound commitments to higher education. Those findings accord with other results reported in comparable jurisdictions around the world and add weight to an increasingly compelling case to recentre and refocus on people in university organisational cultures and practices.
Antioxidative copper sinter bonding under thermal aging utilizing reduction of cuprous oxide nanoparticles by polyethylene glycol
Authors: Matsuda Tomoki , Yamada Seigo , Okubo Shio , Hirose Akio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDurability of sintered Cu joints under thermal aging in the air was investigated for the reduction of Cu2O using Cu2O/polyethylene glycol (PEG) mixture. Thermal analysis of the Cu2O/PEG paste showed that the molecular weight of PEG influences the redox reaction and the subsequent bonding related to the combustion of the reducing organic solvent. Sintered Cu joints using PEG 400 exhibited high joint strength (above 30 MPa) in shear tests, even for the bonding temperature of 280 °C. The sintered Cu joints exhibited slightly increased strength during thermal aging at 250 °C in air, which was also confirmed by the microscale tensile test used for evaluating the fracture behavior of the sintered Cu structure. Microstructural analysis, including the evaluation of the crystal orientation, revealed a small change in the microstructure of sintered joints during aging. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of organic membranes on slightly oxidized sintered Cu grains before thermal aging, and additional oxidation was observed after thermal aging. The progress of sintering during thermal aging in vacuum was different than that in air. It was considered that the formation of a thin Cu2O layer, controlled by the presence of organic membranes, contributed to the suppression of Cu sintering.
Graphical abstract
The Random Weierstrass Zeta Function II. Fluctuations of the Electric Flux Through Rectifiable Curves
Authors: Sodin Mikhail , Wennman Aron , Yakir Oren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConsider a random planar point process whose law is invariant under planar isometries. We think of the process as a random distribution of point charges and consider the electric field generated by the charge distribution. In Part I of this work, we found a condition on the spectral side which characterizes when the field itself is invariant with a well-defined second-order structure. Here, we fix a process with an invariant field, and study the fluctuations of the flux through large arcs and curves in the plane. Under suitable conditions on the process and on the curve, denoted$$\Gamma $$Γ, we show that the asymptotic variance of the flux through$$R\,\Gamma $$RΓgrows likeRtimes the signed length of$$\Gamma $$Γ. As a corollary, we find that the charge fluctuations in a dilated Jordan domain is asymptotic with the perimeter, provided only that the boundary is rectifiable. The proof is based on the asymptotic analysis of a closely related quantity (thecomplex electric actionof the field along a curve). A decisive role in the analysis is played by a signed version of the classical Ahlfors regularity condition.
BMAP-27 Peptide Reduces Proliferation and Increases Apoptosis in Primary and Metastatic Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Das Alakesh , Deka Dikshita , Baildya Nabajyoti , Banerjee Antara , Bisgin Atil , Adhikari Suman , Duttaroy Asim K. , Pathak Surajit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBMAP-27 peptide is reported to possess apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects against cancer cells but the actual mechanism of action is yet to be investigated. In the current investigation, we aimed to study the role of the BMAP-27 peptide in reducing proliferation and increasing apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines. In this study, we used primary and metastatic colon cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620. Cell proliferation was measured using MTT and CCK-8 assays, and cellular damage was analyzed by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Apoptosis, cell cycle, and proliferation potentials were measured by the expression of CASPASE3, BAX, BCL-2, TP53, CDK-6, PCNA, WNT11, AXIN1, and CTNNB1 genes. Additionally, in-silico studies were conducted to determine the binding affinities of BMAP-27 with adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and β-catenin proteins, one of the primary regulators of colon cancer. BMAP-27 peptide reduced colon cancer cell proliferation, upregulated tumor suppressor genes CASPASE3, BAX, TP53, AXIN1 expression, and downregulated the expression of oncogenes BCL-2, CDK-6, PCNA, WNT11, CTNNB1 in both the cell lines, however, in the primary colon cancer cell line the changes are found to be more significant. The molecular dynamic simulation analysis revealed substantial binding affinity of the peptide to APC and β-catenin proteins. BMAP-27 peptide significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in the primary colon cancer cell line than in the metastatic colon cancer cell line. In-silico results suggest that BMAP-27 shows a strong binding affinity with APC and β-catenin proteins, highlighting its role in inhibiting colon cancer cell proliferation.
Symbiotic effectiveness, abiotic stress tolerance and phosphate solubilizing ability of new chickpea root-nodule bacteria from soils in Kununurra Western Australia and Narrabri New South Wales Australia
Authors: Oparah Irene Adu , Hartley Jade Christopher , Deaker Rosalind , Gemell Greg , Hartley Elizabeth , Kaiser Brent Norman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims
To assess the symbiotic effectiveness, tolerance to abiotic stress factors and phosphate solubilizing ability of new chickpea root-nodule bacteria.

Methods
Symbiotic effectiveness, abiotic stress tolerance and phosphate solubilizing ability of ten new chickpea rhizobial strains collected from soils were evaluated using laboratory and glasshouse experiments.

Results
Six of the ten strains were symbiotically efficient with diversity between those and the commercial chickpea strain CC1192. High temperatures significantly affected strain survival in liquid and peat carrier. Peat carrier offered greater protection. Above 37 °C, strain infectivity decreased with no correlation between strain origin and their infectivity after exposure. Three of the new strains and CC1192 produced optimum growth and survival at pH 6.8 and at two lower pH’s of 4.4 and 5.4 were able to neutralize the growth medium while the other seven strains at high pH were able to either neutralize or acidify the growth medium. Strain survival was significantly higher at increased salt concentrations of NaCl compared to CaCl2. At 3% NaCl concentration, 8 strains survived while at 3% CaCl2 only 3 survived. Many strains were resistant to more than one antibiotic. All strains were able to solubilize phosphate. The ratio between the most efficient strain and the least was 3:1.

Conclusions
Chickpea rhizobia strains sourced from soils in Narrabri New South Wales and Kununurra in Western Australia differed in expressed traits from the commercial strain CC1192. These unique traits could provide additional tools for rhizobial strain selection to benefit chickpea production in different soil environments.
Lower Bound for the Green Energy of Point Configurations in Harmonic Manifolds
Authors: Beltrán Carlos , de la Torre Víctor , Lizarte Fátima 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we get the sharpest known to date lower bounds for the minimal Green energy of the compact harmonic manifolds of any dimension. Our proof generalizes previous ad-hoc arguments for the most basic harmonic manifold, i.e. the sphere, extending it to the general case and remarkably simplifying both the conceptual approach and the computations.
Beyond conventional farming: exploring the benefits of planting basins with manure on soil quality as reflected in labile organic carbon and nitrogen indicators in Kenya
Authors: Kichamu-Wachira Edith , Bai Yifan , Xu Zhihong , Reardon-Smith Kathryn , Liu Hongdou , Biggs Duan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Soil quality is critical for plant growth and ecosystem sustainability. Understanding the indicators that indicate soil quality is, therefore, crucial. Labile organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are important components of soil functions that impact productivity and environmental stability. This study aimed to explore the sensitivity of different labile C and N fractions, including water extractable organic C (WEOC) and total N (WEON) and hot water extractable organic C (HWEOC) and total N (HWEON), to planting basins with manure compared to conventional farming practices.

Methods and methods
Soil samples were drawn from 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths at 12 sites in Makueni County, Kenya. Samples were analysed for differences in WEOC, HWEOC, WEON, and HWEON between planting basins with manure and conventional farmer practices. We also assessed the correlations of the different labile C and N pools with other soil chemical properties linked to soil quality.

Results and discussions
The results showed that planting basins with manure significantly increased mean WEOC (171.53 µg g−1), HWEOC (353.62 µg g−1), WEON (26.60 µg g−1), and HWEON (26.39 µg g−1) compared to those of conventional farming practices (p < 0.05). WEOC was positively correlated with WEON and δ15N (p < 0.001) at the 0–10 cm soil layer suggesting that extractable organic matter can be used as an index for soil health and nutrient content.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that cold water and hot water extractable C and N are sensitive indicators of the effects of different land management practices on soil quality. The results further demonstrate that planting basins with manure can improve soil quality by increasing labile C and N pools.
Wie bewerten Einsatzkräfte der Bereitschaftspolizei ihre Einsatzverpflegung?
Authors: Ambacher Stefan , Lührmann Petra , Schleicher Katja , Dohnke Birte 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Die Bereitschaftspolizei bildet eine maßgebliche Ausführungsebene zur Bewahrung der inneren Sicherheit. Der Gesetzgeber ist verpflichtet, die Einsatzkräfte während dem Dienst unentgeltlich und adäquat zu verpflegen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, wie die Einsatzkräfte der Bereitschaftspolizei die Einsatzverpflegung bewerten.

Material und Methoden
Einen Fragebogen zu verschiedenen Aspekten ihrer Einsatzverpflegung (Erwartungen und deren Erfüllungsgrad, Zufriedenheit, Reste/Ergänzung, Veränderungsbedarf) sowie zum Stellenwert einer gesundheitsfördernden Ernährung und diesbezüglicher Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen beantworteten 405 Einsatzkräfte.

Ergebnisse
Die Einsatzkräfte hatten hohe Erwartungen an alle abgefragten Aspekte der Einsatzverpflegung, die jedoch größtenteils nicht erfüllt wurden. Die meisten Einsatzkräfte waren mit der Einsatzverpflegung unzufrieden und hielten Veränderungen für nötig. Es blieben oftmals Lebensmittelreste übrig und das Angebot wurde mit eigenen Lebensmitteln ergänzt oder ersetzt. Eine gesundheitsfördernde Ernährung hatte für sie allgemein einen hohen Stellenwert. Die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung hinsichtlich einer gesundheitsfördernden Ernährung im Dienst war deutlich geringer als im Alltag.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse zeigen einen hohen Veränderungsbedarf der Einsatzverpflegung der Bereitschaftspolizei im Sinne der Gesundheitsförderung und Nachhaltigkeit.
Plants’ competition under autotoxicity effect: an evolutionary game
Authors: Karagiannis-Axypolitidis Nikolaos , Panebianco Fabrizio , Bonanomi Giuliano , Giannino Francesco 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe develop a $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

evolutionary matrix game to model vegetation dynamics due to the effect of autotoxicity. The phenomenon of autotoxicity refers to the rise in soil of negative conditions for plant performance induced by the plants themselves. Relating the Nash Equilibrium Strategies of the game to the stability of the equilibrium points of the induced population dynamics, we investigate under which conditions coexistence of low and highly sensitive to autotoxicity plants occurs and under which a monospecific population dominates the competition. Based on this classification, we investigate the optimal distribution of the two distinct types of plants in order to maximize the cumulative total fitness and determine if this distribution is stable. The primary outcome of this study is to analyze the necessary conditions for achieving the highest total fitness in both mixed and monospecific populations of low-sensitivity plants. In contrast, we argue that a monospecific population of highly sensitive plants can never maximize overall fitness.
Domäneninsertion: Untersuchung zur Konstruktion schaltbarer Hybridproteine
Authors: Mathony Jan , Niopek Dominik 
Published: October 2023

DeDomain insertion engineering is used to combine the functionality of unrelated proteins by introducing receptor domains into effector proteins, yielding allosteric effectors. However, the identification of suitable insertion sites is still cumbersome. To dissect biophysical and statistical indicators of domain insertion tolerance in various effector proteins, we combined unbiased insertion screening with machine learning. Applying our screening pipeline to the transcription factor AraC and a light-responsive LOV domain, yielded potent opto-chemogenetically regulated derivatives.
De SaP (Symptomen en Percepties)-vragenlijst: een valide instrument voor gezondheidsonderzoek bij rampen en milieudreigingen
Authors: Baliatsas Christos , Dückers Michel L. A. , Yzermans C. Joris 
Published: October 2023

SamenvattingDe SaP (Symptomen en Percepties)-vragenlijst is een betrouwbaar, valide en openbaar instrument, bedoeld voor epidemiologisch onderzoek naar lichamelijke symptomen en psychische problemen, waaronder gezondheidsklachten na rampen. De SaP-vragenlijst is gebaseerd op de classificatie van symptomen in de eerstelijnszorg en evalueert een breed scala aan symptomen uit verschillende orgaansystemen op basis van aantal, duur en waargenomen ernst. Bovendien kunnen ook de bijbehorende percepties worden meegenomen, zoals opvattingen en causale attributie, om meer inzicht te krijgen in de subjectieve impact en oorzaak van de ervaren symptomen. In dit artikel wordt de redenering achter de ontwikkeling van de SaP-vragenlijst toegelicht en een uitgebreid overzicht gegeven van de belangrijkste kenmerken. Verder wordt aangegeven waarom de SaP-vragenlijst mogelijk ook een waardevol instrument is voor het evalueren en monitoren van gezondheidsklachten.
The Power of Ethics: Uncovering Technology Risks and Positive Value Potentials in IT Innovation Planning
Authors: Bednar Kathrin , Spiekermann Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe digital transformation of the economy is accelerating companies’ engagement in information technology (IT) innovation. To anticipate which technologies will become relevant over time and integrate them in their innovation plans, companies often rely on product roadmaps as strategic tools. However, ethical issues resulting from ubiquitous IT use have shown the need to accommodate hyped technical advancements in information systems (IS) design and acknowledge human values with moral relevance. Scholars have argued that this moral relevance can only come from an ethical framework. The empirical study presented here investigates whether the three ethical theories of utilitarianism, virtue ethics, and deontology can complement traditional innovation planning approaches. The mixed-method study covers three IT products – a digital toy, a food-delivery app and a telemedicine system. The results reveal that the three ethical theories boost creativity around values and enrich IT innovation planning by supporting the acknowledgment of more and higher value principles (e.g., freedom or personal growth), more diverse value classes (e.g., individual and social values) as well as more original values (e.g., human contact) in system design. What is more, participants identify and mitigate potential social and ethical issues associated with the IT product. Against this background, the findings in this paper suggest that a “value-based roadmapping” approach could be a vital stimulus for future IT innovation planning.
Integrable Bi-Hamiltonian Systems by Jacobi Structure on Real Three-Dimensional Lie Groups
Authors: Amirzadeh-Fard H. , Haghighatdoost Gh. , Rezaei-Aghdam A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy Poissonization of Jacobi structures on real three-dimensional Lie groups $${\textbf{G}}$$
G
and using the realizations of their Lie algebras, we obtain integrable bi-Hamiltonian systems on $${\textbf{G}} \otimes {\mathbb {R}}$$

G
⊗
R

.
Emission measurements and in-situ observation of ionic liquid electrospray thrusters with longitudinally grooved emitters
Authors: Matsukawa Koki , Nakashima Yuiko , Naemura Momoko , Takao Yoshinori 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn externally wetted emitter array with longitudinally grooved structures for ionic liquid electrospray thrusters was fabricated to improve ionic liquid transport to the emitter tips. Two grooved emitter shapes with different groove depths were successfully fabricated using microelectromechanical system processing techniques. We evaluated the current–voltage characteristics, measured the mass spectra using time-of-flight (ToF) spectrometry, and conducted in-situ observations using a high-speed microscope. The experimental results of ion emission show that the absolute emission current increases compared with that of our previous emitter without grooves. This tendency is strengthened with deeper grooves. Moreover, the slope of the current–voltage curve for the grooved emitters does not decrease even when high voltages are applied, indicating that the grooved structure improves the ionic liquid transport to the emitter tips. This improvement is attributed to the low hydraulic impedance of the emitter structure. However, deeper grooving also increases the percentage of current intercepted by the extractor electrode, and electrochemical reactions are not avoided at an alternation frequency of 1 Hz. Although the first current–voltage measurement tended to have unstable characteristics, the ToF results indicated that the emission in the center line was in the pure-ion regime, composed mostly of monomer and dimer ions, under all the measured conditions. High-speed microscope observations showed that too much ionic liquid deposited on the extractor causes ion emission from the extractor to the emitter, known as backspray, and implies that no large droplets are emitted for either grooved emitter structure, which is consistent with the ToF results.
Human-Curated Validation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Health Data
Authors: Boman Magnus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractValidation of machine learning algorithms that take health data as input is analysed, leveraging on an example from radiology. A 2-year study of AI use in a university hospital and a connected medical university indicated what was often forgotten by human decision makers in the clinic and by medical researchers. A nine-item laundry list that does not require machine learning expertise to use resulted. The list items guide stakeholders toward complete validation processes and clinical routines for bias-aware, sound, energy-aware and efficient data-driven reasoning for health. The list can also prove useful to machine learning developers, as a list of minimal requirements for successful implementation in the clinic.