bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Durability Stacked Disc‐Type Rolling Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Environmental Monitoring Around Charging Buoys of Unmanned Ships
Authors: Wang Xiangyi , Chen Litu , Xu Zhiqiang , Chen Pengfei , Ye Cuiying , Chen Baodong , Jiang Tao , Hong Zhanyong , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as a means of energy harvesting can effectively harvest ocean wave energy, but the energy conversion efficiency and stability of the device during long‐term operations are still problems that must be solved for TENGs. Decreasing the frictional resistance between two triboelectric material surfaces is one of the critical approaches for improving the device efficiency and durability. In this work, a novel stacked disc‐type rolling triboelectric nanogenerator (SDR‐TENG) is designed and fabricated for low‐frequency water wave energy harvesting. After 860 000 working cycles, the electrical output attenuation of the SDR‐TENG basic unit is less than 5%, showing excellent device durability. Under the simulated water wave conditions, the SDR‐TENG with four rolling TENG units can produce an output current of 84.4 µA and an output power of 7.6 mW, corresponding to an effective power density of 16.8 W m−3. This work not only proposes a strategy to effectively enhance the durability of the devices, but also provides a feasible solution for monitoring the surrounding environment of the charging buoys of unmanned ships.
Formal specification and verification of a team formation protocol using TLA+
Authors: Niyogi Rajdeep , Nath Amar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTeam formation in an environment where some relevant parameters are not known in advance is a challenging problem. Communicating automata and distributed algorithms have been used to describe protocols for team formation. A high‐level specification provides a mathematical description of a protocol or a program. TLA is a formal specification language designed to provide high‐level specifications of concurrent and distributed systems. The associated model checker known as TLC is capable of model checking the TLA specifications. Recently, formal specification of a team formation protocol is given using TLA when there is a single initiator (an agent or a robot) that initiates the team formation. Using TLA, we examine the formal specification for the multiple initiator situation and demonstrate that a composition technique can yield a single monolithic specification for the multiple initiator situation from the single initiator situation specification. We have used models of varying sizes, and the TLC model checker has confirmed that the protocol's specifications meet certain desired characteristics in each case.
Valorization of Agro‐Industrial Plantain (Musa × paradisiaca) By‐Products: Alternative Sources of Carbohydrates and Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Ferreiro Omayra , Martin Liliana Avila , Chacon Wilson Daniel Caicedo , Duarte Shirley , Perilla Jairo E. , Ayala Valencia Germán 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCultivated plantain (Musa spp.) is valuable for nutritional and socioeconomic security for millions of people in Africa and the America. The plantain agroindustry generates a large amount of waste such as pseudostems, leaves, inflorescences, peels, and rejected fruits. The current review discusses the different wastes obtained in the plantain agroindustry and their potential value for recovery of macromolecules and bioactive compounds. In general, cellulose and starches can be isolated from plantain peels and rejected fruits, respectively. Starch isolated from plantain has been used as a food ingredient and as a macromolecule to manufacture films with potential packaging applications, whereas cellulose has been used in the fermentation process to obtain biofuels. Furthermore, bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and phlorotannins can be recovered from pseudostems, leaves, and inflorescences. These chemical compounds have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and color‐indicator properties that have potential food applications. Therefore, plantain wastes are a potential source of macromolecules and bioactive compounds that have potential use in packaging applications. The valorization of plantain wastes is a promissory alternative for the sustainable development of the food industry.
Path to modeling dynamic performance shaping factors in nuclear power plants operation – A review
Authors: Xu Zhihui , Yang Gaoguang , Lu Yi , Xue Jiaxin , Wu Guanyin , Ren Bingxuan , Fu Shan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe evolution of the mechanism of human behavior formation analysis has significantly influenced the development of human reliability analysis (HRA), which aims to calculate human error probability (HEP) with performance shaping factors (PSFs). This paper reviews the typical HRA methods in different generations, the role of PSFs, and their interrelation‐ships in human risk modeling, with the background of nuclear power plants (NPPs). In a retrospective of typical HRA methods, PSF plays a fundamental role in assessing human performance during task operation. However, the subjectivity in defining and evaluating PSFs often leads to a partial representation of human behavior characteristics and human risk evolution, resulting in the neglect of PSF inter‐relationships and conservative HEP estimation. Recent studies have emphasized employing simulation platforms to simulate the task process and obtain data relevant to PSFs that can enable the exploration of the mutual effects to support the calculation of HEP more accurately. Compared to certain previous methods involving over‐simplification and inappropriate assumptions resulting in inaccurate results, current HRA methods are prone to the construction of HEP models based on objective data acquisition and dynamic calculations with process models. This shift enables a better illustration of the intricate relationships among PSFs. Reflecting on the current trend of HRA methodology, this paper proposes a possible PSF quantification based on physiological measurement providing accessible and objective data. It improves the shortcomings in data scarcity and time‐invariance of HEP calculation, thus more accurately and realistically responds to the accumulation and fluctuation of human risks throughout a task.
Seroprevalence and molecular characterisation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in broiler farms in Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Safiul Alam , Sarker Subir , Amin Zarina , Rodrigues Kenneth Francis , Bakar Ag Muhammad Sagaf Abu , Saallah Suryani , Md. Shaarani Sharifudin , Siddiquee Shafiquzzaman 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is classified as a highly contagious viral agent that causes acute respiratory, reproductive and renal system pathology in affected poultry farms. Molecular and serological investigations are crucial for the accurate diagnosis and management of IBV.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of IBV and to characterise the circulating IBV in poultry farms in Sabah Province, Malaysia.MethodsTo determine IBV antibodies, a total of 138 blood samples and 50 organ samples were collected from 10 commercial broiler flocks in 3 different farms by using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (IDEXX Kit) and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) followed by sequencing.ResultsA total of 94.2% (130/138) of the samples were seropositive for IBV in the vaccinated flock, and 38% (52/138) of the birds was the IBV titre for infection. The selected seropositive samples for IBV were confirmed by RT‐PCR, with 22% (11/50) being IBV positive amplified and sequenced by targeted highly conserved partial nucleocapsid (N) genes. Subsequently, phylogenetic analysis constructed using amplified sequences again exposed the presence of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Chinese QX variants circulating in poultry farms in Sabah, Malaysia.ConclusionsThe unexpectedly increasing mean titres in serology indicated that post infection of IBV and highly prevalent IBV in selected farms in this study. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of multiple IBV variants circulating in Malaysian chicken farms in Sabah, which further monitoring of genetic variation are needed to better understand the genetic diversity.
Radio, Women, and Life Within Marriage
Authors: Heywood Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFocusing on the output of a radio studio in Mali and in Niger, this chapter enters the complex domain of marriage and women’s role within it and examines the associated structural, cultural, and legal entanglements from the perspectives of radio listeners on the one hand and radio on the other. The chapter focuses on various aspects: definitions of empowerment among listeners whose opinions must not be sidelined, as they are the very target of empowerment campaigns; the voices used by radio for certain topics with the potentially inevitable risk of stereotyping; hegemonic masculinities as a pattern of practice; and the use of testimonies to convey important information to listeners.
Conclusion
Authors: Heywood Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter summarises the evidence that radio, as the main source of information in the three countries under discussion, can play a significant role in promoting women’s empowerment. However, to achieve this, there must not only be a clear understanding of the many perceptions of this concept but the different levels of empowerment and their perceptions must also be considered at the programming design stage. Starting these initial conversations about radio’s empowering role based on the content it broadcasts, the manner in which it broadcasts (format and platforms), and the choice of who is involved in the broadcasting as producers, editors, presenters, or guests is important. If women are portrayed in non-stereotypical ways and are included in the production and output of broadcasts, radio can influence how women perceive topics, how they perceive themselves, and, importantly, how society perceives them.
Introduction
Authors: Kühne Thomas , Mamigonian Marc A. , Jane Rein Mary 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis introduction provides a valuable overview of the life and accomplishments of Taner Akçam, a Turkish-American historian and sociologist. An international authority on the Armenian Genocide and a leader in human rights, Akçam is the first scholar of Turkish origin to acknowledge the Armenian Genocide and to publish groundbreaking research on this topic. Imprisoned in 1976 for criticizing injustices in Turkey and the government’s treatment of minorities, especially the Kurds, Akçam escaped and fled to Germany. Amnesty International adopted him as a “prisoner of conscience” and the German government granted him asylum. He eventually obtained citizenship in Germany, where he established his reputation as a genocide scholar and an authority on the history of political violence and torture in late Ottoman and early Republican Turkey. In fall 2008, Akçam joined Clark University as the Robert Aram and Marianne Kaloosdian and Stephen and Marian Mugar Professor in Armenian Genocide Studies. While at Clark, he advanced the Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies as the leading academic institute focused on research and education about the Armenian Genocide. In addition to pursuing his own remarkable scholarship, he has been committed to training doctoral students in order to ensure that scholarship about the Armenian Genocide continues as a subject of serious inquiry.
Mediatized Witnessing, Spectacles of Pain, and Reenacting Suffering: The Armenian Genocide and Humanitarian Cinema
Authors: Maksudyan Nazan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFocusing on the conception, production, distribution (and disappearance) of Ravished Armenia (1919) and Alice in Hungerland (1921), two silent films on the Armenian Genocide from a gendered perspective, this chapter combines media history (“technologies of witnessing”) with the history of global humanitarianism. These two oldest movies on the genocide were shot with the initiative of the Near East Relief in order to raise donations and international awareness through the reenactment of suffering, sensationalization of violence, and victimized Armenian bodies. Both films enjoyed a short-lived fame and revenue, followed by disappearance and subsequent oblivion. The early humanitarian cinematic representation of the Armenian genocide sheds light on the ferocious mediatization and marketing strategies of humanitarian agencies, specifically as to how they targeted the corporal bodies of their lead orphan actresses, Arshalouys Mardigian and Esther Razon, through extensive bodily interventions, enormous workload, and reenactment of suffering.
The Property Law and the Spoliation of Ottoman Armenians
Authors: Kévorkian Raymond H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe genocide perpetrated against the Ottoman Armenians obviously had several dimensions: in addition to the physical destruction of the population, it included the appropriation of all collective and individual assets, in other words the systematic spoliation of a historical group for the benefit of a state or of private individuals. Beyond the extreme violence perpetrated to accomplish these criminal aims, the later management of such spoils remains a legal headache that will take generations and a panoply of laws to digest.This aspect of the Armenian Genocide is all the more important since for more than a century it has perpetuated a material memory of the Armenian presence through houses, schools, churches, and so on, which have survived or still survive. In certain respects, spoliation constitutes a central element of the immoral development of individual and collective actors observed in Turkey. Moreover, it was clearly one of the acts favoring the material construction of the modern Turkish state. It is even today one of the reasons for the denial organized by the Turkish state and shared by a large part of Turkish society. It is this issue that this chapter will examine over time, while also drawing up a corpus of the official laws adopted to carry out the program of spoliation of Armenians.
The Danish Civil Society Elite 1910–2020: Continuity, Reproduction and Integration
Authors: Sevelsted Anders , Lunding Jacob Aagaard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter analyses the case of the historical development of the Danish civil society elite from 1910 to 2020. Existing approaches focus on elitesincivil society, while this study focuses on elitesofcivil society, that is, leaders of central civil society organisations in Denmark. Using social network analysis, the analysis builds on a dataset from the Danish Who’s Who from 1910, 1965, and 2020. The study shows the causes that this elite has engaged in, the composition and reproduction of the elite, and the integration of this elite with other sector elites. Findings indicate a democratising, but distinguished elite concentrated in the capital and born by elite parents. They have continuous high engagement in health and humanitarian aid, but a declining engagement in housing and crime prevention. This elite is well integrated with the state, less so with politics, and increasingly with the educational-scientific sector, pointing to ‘diploma governance’.
Organisational, Reputational, and Visible Leaders: A Comparison of Three Approaches to Civil Society Elite Identification
Authors: Santilli Cecilia , Scaramuzzino Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter compares three different types of elite identification methods—the positional method, the reputational method, and claims-making analysis. The aim is to address the implications of different methods of elite identification for our understanding of civil society elites and to reflect on the methodological challenges in the study of civil society elites. Hence, we focus on comparing both the application and operationalisation of the methods and their results in terms of which actors are identified. The methods are applied to the context of Italian civil society. Common to all three methods is that they address power stratification in Italian civil society by exploring the accumulation of different types of resources whose uneven distribution can give rise to civil society elites. The application of the three methods of elite identification in civil society highlights some crucial challenges when it comes to drawing the horizontal and vertical boundaries of the elite.
Civil Society Boundary Crossing and Elite Integration
Authors: Arvidson Malin , Uhlin Anders 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores elite boundary crossing between civil society and other societal sectors—including the state, party politics, and business—and how this may lead to inter-elite integration. We illustrate how qualitative life-work history interviews provide an important complement to established quantitative approaches to the study of elite integration. Through these interviews, we explore the drivers and motivations related to a boundary crossing career. The personal accounts of the boundary crossing experiences unveil essential aspects of the prerequisites of elite integration, if by integration we assume not only networking but also a degree of elite value congruence. This study identifies different motivations driving boundary crossing, making individuals more or less likely to contribute to value congruence. Those who move to another sector to impose values from their sector of origin typically contribute to value congruence. Those who leave a sector where they no longer feel at home and seek out new and more attractive values in another sector are less likely to contribute to value congruence. Those who move back and forth across sector boundaries to gain influence may or may not contribute to value congruence. This study opens up new ways of defining and exploring value congruence in elite integration studies.
The Interstitial Elites of the Italian Foundations of Banking Origin
Authors: Arrigoni Paola 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe foundations of banking origin (Fobs) are a consequence of the 1990s reform of the Italian banking system and one of the main places where political, economic, and financial power is concentrated. This chapter focuses on the elites that can be observed in the Compagnia di San Paolo in Turin. In particular, it shows how a group of people, already powerful in other areas, constitute themselves as a new political elite through their membership in this foundation. The study identifies a distinct elite group that is mobile, broker-like, located in interstitial spaces between different fields, and institutionally ‘capricious’ but paradoxically also solid. Against a backdrop of radical institutional change, this civil society elite is playing a role in public policymaking, replacing mechanisms of representation with mechanisms of funding and philanthropy.
Surgical Treatment of Solitary Orbital Wall Fractures
Authors: Dubois Leander , Sabelis Juliana F. , Jansen Jesper , Maal Thomas J. J. , Schreurs Ruud 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the preparation, execution, and evaluation of orbital reconstruction, once the indication for surgery has been established. A logical order in the surgical decision-making process is created with the help of a step-wise approach, starting with timing and biomaterials considerations. The virtual treatment planning is described and how it affects the choice for a preformed or patient-specific implants. A detailed explanation of the transconjunctival approach is provided, and the role of key anatomical landmarks in the dissection and reconstruction is reviewed. The rationale behind and indications for surgical navigation and intra-operative imaging are discussed. A clinical example is provided to demonstrate the potential of the advanced workflow discussed in this chapter.
Diagnosis of Graves’ Orbitopathy
Authors: Mourits Maarten P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis of Graves’ orbitopathy is based on a typical clinical presentation, supported by a family history of Graves’ disease, in combination with typical findings on CT or MRI scans and/or elevated serum levels of TSH-receptor-binding immunoglobulins and anti-thyroid peroxidase. In order to treat patients with Graves’ orbitopathy, not only the diagnosis, but also the severity and activity scores have to be assessed. The impact of a diagnosis of Graves’ orbitopathy should not be underestimated. The disease-specific quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with Graves’ orbitopathy, the so-called GO-QOL, is very helpful to perceive the disease from the patient’s point of view.
Medical Management of Graves’ Orbitopathy
Authors: Wiersinga Wilmar M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractManagement of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) short of surgery is based on three pillars: (1) to refrain from smoking as smoking is associated with more severe GO and less favorable response to immunosuppressive treatment of GO; (2) restoration and maintenance of euthyroid function as both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism affect eye changes unfavorably; and (3) treatment of GO itself: (a) local measures as required (liberal use of artificial tears; dark glasses; botulinum toxin; prisms; (b) wait-and-see policy or selenium for mild GO; (c) intravenous methylprednisolone pulses (± mycophenolate) for active moderate-to-severe GO; in case of partial or no response, several options are available for second-line treatment (low-dose oral prednisone + either retrobulbar irradiation or cyclosporin; rituximab). Teprotumumab appears very effective, already approved in the USA; and (d) urgent high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulses for very severe GO (dysthyroid optic neuropathy); in case of partial or no response within 2 weeks, surgical orbital decompression.
Chronicles of a Norm for Sale: Norm Entrepreneurship in the Myanmar NCA Negotiations
Authors: Palmiano Federer Julia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides granular empirical analysis on just how NGO mediators promoted inclusivity to the negotiating parties in Myanmar. Based on the my framework of assessing normative agency, I forward an empirical take on (1) how NGO mediators interpret the meaning of inclusivity based on their own self-conceptions and normative socializations and frame them to the negotiating parties; (2) how NGO mediators engage in a set of mediation and knowledge production practices to intentionally promote their interpretation of inclusivity to the parties; and (3) how the negotiating parties in the Myanmar NCA process interpreted and accepted the inclusivity norm.
High Resolution Numerical Weather Simulation for Orographic Precipitation as an Accurate Early Warning Tool for Landslide Vulnerable Terrains
Authors: Bandara H. A. A. I. S. , Onishi Ryo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccurate early warning for rain-induced landslides is still challenging due to regional and local variations of rainfall prediction due to low accuracy, and resolution. The “Multi-Scale Simulator for the Geoenvironment (MSSG)” system, developed by the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology and Waseda University allows for high-resolution simulations and seamless modeling of weather and climate interactions, and employs advanced meteorological aspects.MSSG simulations compared with rainfall data recorded in the Aranayaka automated rain gauge for past events, including the devastating landslide in 2016. The simulations achieved satisfactory results in reproducing rainfall events. Higher-resolution simulations exhibited higher maximum rainfall intensity and cumulative rainfall accumulation. This study emphasizes the importance of considering finer scales in meteorological simulations to effectively capture the intricate variations associated with extreme rainfall events. This study places significant emphasis on the importance of considering finer scales in meteorological simulations in order to confirm the necessity of high resolutions to capture the temporal and spatial variations of orographic rainfall.