bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the ionizing background on the thermal and non-thermal broadening inferred for the low-z intergalactic O vi absorbers
Authors: Mallik Sukanya , Srianand Raghunathan 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Using cosmological hydrodynamical simulations at z ∼ 0.5, we measure the thermal (bt) and non-thermal (bnt) contribution to the line broadening for the intergalactic absorbers having O vi and H i absorption well aligned in the velocity space. We find that the inferred temperature based on bt correlates strongly with the optical depth-weighted kinetic temperature of the absorbing gas, albeit with a large scatter. We show this scatter comes from the spread in the kinetic temperature of the gas contributing to the absorption and hence depends on the feedback processes and the ionizing UV background (UVB) used in the simulations. We show the distribution of bnt is also affected by both feedback processes and the ionizing UVB. Therefore, bnt derived using aligned absorbers may not be a good discriminator between the effect of microscopic turbulence and UVB. Instead, the distribution of bt and bnt together with the frequency of occurrence of the aligned absorbers can be used to place additional constraints on the parameters of the simulation for a given assumed UVB.
The limitations (and potential) of non-parametric morphology statistics for post-merger identification
Authors: Wilkinson Scott , Ellison Sara L , Bottrell Connor , Bickley Robert W , Byrne-Mamahit Shoshannah , Ferreira Leonardo , Patton David R 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Non-parametric morphology statistics have been used for decades to classify galaxies into morphological types and identify mergers in an automated way. In this work, we assess how reliably we can identify galaxy post-mergers with non-parametric morphology statistics. Low-redshift (z ≲ 0.2), recent (tpost-merger ≲ 200 Myr), and isolated (r &gt; 100 kpc) post-merger galaxies are drawn from the IllustrisTNG100-1 cosmological simulation. Synthetic r-band images of the mergers are generated with SKIRT9 and degraded to various image qualities, adding observational effects such as sky noise and atmospheric blurring. We find that even in perfect quality imaging, the individual non-parametric morphology statistics fail to recover more than 55 per cent of the post-mergers, and that this number decreases precipitously with worsening image qualities. The realistic distributions of galaxy properties in IllustrisTNG allow us to show that merger samples assembled using individual morphology statistics are biased towards low-mass, high gas fraction, and high mass ratio. However, combining all of the morphology statistics together using either a linear discriminant analysis or random forest algorithm increases the completeness and purity of the identified merger samples and mitigates bias with various galaxy properties. For example, we show that in imaging similar to that of the 10-yr depth of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, a random forest can identify 89 per cent of mergers with a false positive rate of 17 per cent. Finally, we conduct a detailed study of the effect of viewing angle on merger observability and find that there may be an upper limit to merger recovery due to the orientation of merger features with respect to the observer.
Extended ionized Fe objects in the UWIFE survey
Authors: Kim Yesol , Koo Bon-Chul , Pyo Tae-Soo , Froebrich Dirk , Jeong Woong-Seob , Lee Jae-Joon , Lee Yong-Hyun , Lee Ho-Gyu , Kim Hyun-Jeong , Varricatt Watson P 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We explore systematically the shocked gas in the first Galactic quadrant of the Milky Way using the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) Wide-field Infrared Survey for Fe+ (UWIFE). The UWIFE survey is the first imaging survey of the Milky Way in the [Fe ii] 1.644 μm emission line and covers the Galactic plane in the first Galactic quadrant (7° &lt; $\mathit {l}$ &lt; 62°; $|b| $ ≲ 1$_{.}^{\circ }$5). We identify 204 extended ionized Fe objects (IFOs) using a combination of a manual and automatic search. Most of the IFOs are detected for the first time in the [Fe ii] 1.644 μm line. We present a catalogue of the measured sizes and fluxes of the IFOs and searched for their counterparts by performing positional cross-matching with known sources. We found that IFOs are associated with supernova remnants (25), young stellar objects (100), H ii regions (33), planetary nebulae (17), and luminous blue variables (4). The statistical and morphological properties are discussed for each of these.
Multiwavelength spectral modelling of the candidate neutrino blazar PKS 0735+178
Authors: Bharathan Athira M , Stalin C S , Sahayanathan S , Bhattacharyya Subir , Mathew Blesson 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The BL Lac object PKS 0735+178 was in its historic γ-ray brightness state during 2021 December. This period also coincides with the detection of a neutrino event IC 211208A, which was localized close to the vicinity of PKS 0735+178. We carried out detailed γ-ray timing and spectral analysis of the source in three epochs: (a) quiescent state (E1), (b) moderate-activity state (E2), and (c) high-activity state (E3) coincident with the epoch of neutrino detection. During the epoch of neutrino detection (E3), we found the largest variability amplitude of 95 per cent. The γ-ray spectra corresponding to these three epochs are well fit by the power-law model and the source is found to show spectral variations with a softer when brighter trend. In epoch E3, we found the shortest flux doubling/halving time of 5.75 h. Even though the spectral energy distribution in the moderate-activity state and in the high-activity state could be modelled by the one-zone leptonic emission model, the spectral energy distribution in the quiescent state required an additional component of radiation over and above the leptonic component. Here, we show that a photomeson process was needed to explain the excess γ-ray emission in the hundreds of GeV that could not be accounted for by the synchrotron self-Compton process.
Performance and symptom validity indicators among children undergoing cognitive surveillance following treatment for craniopharyngioma
Authors: Potter Brian S , Crabtree Valerie McLaughlin , Ashford Jason M , Li Yimei , Liang Jia , Guo Yian , Wise Merrill S , Skoda Evelyn S , Merchant Thomas E , Conklin Heather M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Performance validity tests (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) are essential to neuropsychological evaluations, helping ensure findings reflect true abilities or concerns. It is unclear how PVTs and SVTs perform in children who received radiotherapy for brain tumors. Accordingly, we investigated the rate of noncredible performance on validity indicators as well as associations with fatigue and lower intellectual functioning.

Methods
Embedded PVTs and SVTs were investigated in 98 patients with pediatric craniopharyngioma undergoing proton radiotherapy (PRT). The contribution of fatigue, sleepiness, and lower intellectual functioning to embedded PVT performance was examined. Further, we investigated PVTs and SVTs in relation to cognitive performance at pre-PRT baseline and change over time.

Results
SVTs on parent measures were not an area of concern. PVTs identified 0–31% of the cohort as demonstrating possible noncredible performance at baseline, with stable findings 1 year following PRT. Reliable digit span (RDS) noted the highest PVT failure rate; RDS has been criticized for false positives in pediatric populations, especially children with neurological impairment. Objective sleepiness was strongly associated with PVT failure, stressing need to consider arousal level when interpreting cognitive performance in children with craniopharyngioma. Lower intellectual functioning also needs to be considered when interpreting task engagement indices as it was strongly associated with PVT failure.

Conclusions
Embedded PVTs should be used with caution in pediatric craniopharyngioma patients who have received PRT. Future research should investigate different cut-off scores and validity indicator combinations to best differentiate noncredible performance due to task engagement versus variable arousal and/or lower intellectual functioning.
Bacteria-responsive programmed self-activating antibacterial hydrogel to remodel regeneration microenvironment for infected wound healing
Authors: Yang Yutong , Wang Jiaxin , Huang Shengfei , Li Meng , Chen Jueying , Pei Dandan , Tang Zhen , Guo Baolin 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
There is still an urgent need to develop hydrogels with intelligent antibacterial ability to achieve on-demand treatment of infected wounds and accelerate wound healing by improving the regeneration microenvironment. We proposed a strategy of hydrogel wound dressing with bacteria-responsive self-activating antibacterial property and multiple nanozyme activities to remodel the regeneration microenvironment in order to significantly promote infected wound healing. Specifically, pH-responsive H2O2 self-supplying composite nanozyme (MSCO) and pH/enzyme-sensitive bacteria-responsive triblock micelles encapsulated with lactate oxidase (PPEL) were prepared and encapsulated in hydrogels composed of L-arginine-modified chitosan (CA) and phenylboronic acid-modified oxidized dextran (ODP) to form a cascade bacteria-responsive self-activating antibacterial composite hydrogel platform. The hydrogels respond to multifactorial changes of the bacterial metabolic microenvironment to achieve on-demand antibacterial and biofilm eradication through transformation of bacterial metabolites, and chemodynamic therapy enhanced by nanozyme activity in conjunction with self-driven nitric oxide (NO) release. The composite hydrogel showed ‘self-diagnostic’ treatment for changes in the wound microenvironment. Through self-activating antibacterial therapy in the infection stage to self-adaptive oxidative stress relief and angiogenesis in the post-infection stage, it promotes wound closure, accelerates wound collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and completely improves the microenvironment of infected wound regeneration, which provides a new method for the design of intelligent wound dressings.
MSG-15: Super-Bioavailability Itraconazole Versus Conventional Itraconazole in the Treatment of Endemic Mycoses—A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Comparative Trial
Authors: Spec Andrej , Thompson George R , Miceli Marisa H , Hayes Justin , Proia Laurie , McKinsey David , Arauz Ana Belen , Mullane Kathleen , Young Jo-Ann , McGwin Gerald , McMullen Rachel , Plumley Tyler , Moore Mary K , McDowell Lee Ann , Jones Carolynn , Pappas Peter G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Invasive fungal disease caused by dimorphic fungi is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Super-bioavailability itraconazole (SUBA-itra) is a novel antifungal agent with pharmacokinetic advantages over currently available formulations. In this prospective comparative study, we report the outcomes of patients with endemic fungal infections (histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and sporotrichosis).

Methods
This open-label randomized trial evaluated the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics SUBA-itra compared with conventional itraconazole (c-itra) treatment for endemic fungal infections. An independent data review committee determined responses on treatment days 42 and 180.

Results
Eighty-eight patients were enrolled for IFD (SUBA-itra, n = 42; c-itra, n = 46) caused by Histoplasma (n = 51), Blastomyces (n = 18), Coccidioides (n = 13), or Sporothrix (n = 6). On day 42, clinical success was observed with SUBA-itra and c-itra on day 42 (in 69% and 67%, respectively, and on day 180 (in 60% and 65%). Patients treated with SUBA-itra exhibited less drug-level variability at days 7 (P = .03) and 14 (P = .06) of randomized treatment. The concentrations of itraconazole and hydroxyitraconazole were comparable between the 2 medications (P = .77 and P = .80, respectively). There was a trend for fewer adverse events (AEs; 74% vs 87%, respectively; P = .18) and serious AEs (10% vs 26%; P = .06) in the SUBA-itra–treated patients than in those receiving c-itra. Serious treatment-emergent AEs were less common in SUBA-itra–treated patients (12% vs 50%, respectively; P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
SUBA-itra was bioequivalent, well tolerated, and efficacious in treating endemic fungi, with a more favorable safety profile than c-itra.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT03572049.
Real-world Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines Among US Nursing Home Residents Aged ≥65 Years in the Pre-Delta and High Delta Periods
Authors: Lu Yun , Lindaas Arnstein , Matuska Kathryn , Izurieta Hector S , McEvoy Rowan , Menis Mikhail , Shi Xiangyu , Steele Whitney R , Wernecke Michael , Chillarige Yoganand , Wong Hui Lee , Kelman Jeffrey A , Forshee Richard A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Long-term care residents were among the most vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated vaccine effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in Medicare nursing home residents aged ≥65 years during pre-Delta and high Delta periods.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 13 December 2020 to 20 November 2021 using Medicare claims data. Exposures included 2 and 3 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. We used inverse probability weighting and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate absolute and relative vaccine effectiveness.

Results
Two-dose vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19–related death was 69.8% (95% CI, 65.9%‒73.3%) during the pre-Delta period and 55.7% (49.5%‒61.1%) during the high Delta period, without adjusting for time since vaccination. We observed substantial waning of effectiveness from 65.1% (54.2%‒73.5%) within 6 months from second-dose vaccination to 45.2% (30.6%‒56.7%) ≥6 months after second-dose vaccination in the high Delta period. Three doses provided 88.7% (73.5%‒95.2%) vaccine effectiveness against death, and the incremental benefit of 3 vs 2 doses was 74.6% (40.4%‒89.2%) during high Delta. Among beneficiaries with a prior COVID-19 infection, 3-dose vaccine effectiveness for preventing death was 78.6% (50.0%‒90.8%), and the additional protection of 3 vs 2 doses was 70.0% (30.1%‒87.1%) during high Delta. Vaccine effectiveness estimates against less severe outcomes (eg, infection) were lower.

Conclusions
This nationwide real-world study demonstrated that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines provided substantial protection against COVID-19–related death. Two-dose protection waned after 6 months. Third doses during the high Delta period provided significant additional protection for individuals with or without a prior COVID-19 infection.
The alternative vagal maneuver; converting atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia by a rectal thermometer
Authors: Avidan Yuval , Aker Amir , Tabachnikov Vsevolod 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Vagal maneuvers are techniques used to increase parasympathetic tone, particularly useful in the management of hemodynamically stable supraventricular tachycardias. If ineffective, adenosine can be attempted. We present a patient with atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT), who could not effectively perform Valsalva maneuvers and had contraindications for carotid massage and adenosine administration, that converted into sinus rhythm by using a rectal thermometer. This maneuver was reproduced on various occasions. We suggest that rectal vagal maneuver may provide an additional therapeutic modality for selected patients with AVNRT.
Recurrent cholangitis and bacteraemia due to Edwardsiella tarda: a case report
Authors: Hasegawa Makoto , Sanmoto Yohei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Edwardsiella tarda is typically isolated from aquatic environments. It rarely causes infections in humans. Edwardsiella tarda infections in humans result from the consumption of infected or contaminated food. Here, we present a case of recurrent cholangitis and bacteraemia associated with E. tarda. An 82-year-old man with no history of seafood inoculation was admitted to our hospital because of difficulty in moving his body. The patient was diagnosed with cholangitis, and the blood culture revealed the presence of E. tarda. The patient underwent bile duct stenting and received antibiotic therapy for 14 days. Forty-four days after discharge, cholangitis recurred, and blood culture again showed the presence of E. tarda. The patient underwent bile duct stenting and antibiotic therapy for 11 days. No cholangitis or bacteraemia associated with E. tarda was observed in the following 3 years. Our case strongly suggests that colonization with E. tarda results in recurrent cholangitis and bacteraemia.
Neurobrucellosis complicated by primary pyogenic ventriculitis: a case report
Authors: Alhatou Mohammed , Joudeh Anwar I , Alhatou Abraham , Ghamoodi Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Neurobrucellosis is a serious focal brucella infection. Ventriculitis is a special form of central nervous infection where pyogenic infection of the ependymal linings hinders antibiotics’ accessibility to the cerebrospinal fluids and leads to protracted infection. We present a case of a 37-year-old Shepherd who had low-grade fever for 5 months followed by a brief history of vomiting, abdominal pain, and gait imbalance. Investigations showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, high titers of serum anti-brucella antibodies, and lymphocytic pleocytosis. Mycobacterial tuberculosis workup was negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed cervical and spinal meningeal enhancement in addition to mild hydrocephalus. The patient was presumptively diagnosed with neurobrucellosis. He received treatment with ceftriaxone-based combination antibiotics therapy for 6 months with complete resolution of his symptoms. Central nervous infection by brucella is a challenging diagnosis. The possibility of primary ventriculitis due to Brucella infection mandates early recognition and prolonged antimicrobial therapy to achieve full recovery.
Bland White Garland syndrome with aneurysm and collaterals of coronary arteries in an Afghan girl: a case report.
Authors: Aslamzai Mansoor , Sharifi Abdul Muhib , Ekram Khesrow 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Bland White Garland Syndrome is a very rare congenital heart defect in which the left coronary artery arises abnormally from the pulmonary artery. We present an extremely rare case of Bland White Garland Syndrome with an aneurysm of the left coronary artery in a 14-year-old Afghan girl. The patient was asymptomatic throughout her life except for one attack of exertional chest discomfort. The diagnoses of these anomalies were established by electrocardiography, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and computed tomography of the chest. During her hospital stay and on discharge, she had a stable condition and was referred for surgical management in an advanced setting abroad. Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery may coexist with an aneurysm of the left coronary artery and not exhibit symptoms until adolescence.
Dissociation and EMDR
Authors: Steele Kathy , Mosquera Dolores 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on how to work with trauma-related dissociative disorders, such as other specified dissociative disorders Type 1 and dissociative identity disorder, both of which are trauma related and present specific challenges for trauma reprocessing within an EMDR therapy framework. Dissociation as a symptom is associated with an enormous range of issues, from normal to more pathological. Dissociation can be found in many mental health diagnoses in which it may not be the central problem, for example, spacing out in severe depression. Or it can be associated with dissociative disorders, in which it is the fundamental issue that requires treatment. EMDR therapists must be able to determine what kind of dissociative symptoms a client experiences, how severe and persistent they are, and whether an actual dissociative disorder is present, as treatment will need to be adapted from standard EMDR Therapy.
Cantos Nuevos (Federico García Lorca)
Authors: Robertson James ,   VOCES8
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This audio chapter is a composition for choir and piano. The text, New Songs, is taken from an English translation of the poem Cantos Nuevos by the queer Spanish poet, Federico García Lorca (1898–1936). This commissioned work provides a musical opening for The Oxford Handbook of Queer and Trans Music Therapy. Cantos Nuevos is a powerful metaphor for the essential components of music, creativity, therapy, and life. The notes included in this chapter provide context for the music you will hear. The recording was made by the internationally acclaimed choir, VOCES8. Cantos Nuevos, like life itself, is a work that has twists, turns, and tensions. The music finally rests in joy.
Hierarchies of Justice
Authors: Aronson Ori 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
After reviewing the multiple ways hierarchy permeates adjudication worldwide, this chapter explores the possible rationales for this institutional feature and the ways it impacts judicial behaviour on both lower and upper courts. From a comparative perspective, hierarchies are shown to have diverse possible functions, each drawing on varying understandings of the social and political roles of adjudication, and each producing varying judicial behaviour traits. The inherent tension between independence and hierarchy reveals that judicial power can flow in different ways, and that the design of hierarchies of justice may sometimes allow for the challenging and even the inverting of apparent power structures. This leads to a consideration of possible new avenues for the exploration of hierarchy in adjudication: drawing on insights from social network analysis, the chapter suggests recasting courts and judges as interconnected discursive units, seeking mainly to learn from ‘mistakes’, rather that eliminate them.
Ghosts of Liberalism Past
Authors: Lieven Anatol 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A systematic intellectual and political campaign is now under way to portray a clear-cut divide between “liberal democracy” and the mingled forces of authoritarianism and nationalism. As a picture of the longue durée of the past two and a half centuries, this portrait is largely false; and even today, it obscures as much as it illuminates. As a reformist ideology dedicated to smashing inherited traditions and institutions in the name of progress, liberalism has long been highly dependent not just on existing state powers but often on greatly expanded and widened state authority. Liberal programs also depended on the expanded powers of new national states, which in turn depended on nationalism for their legitimacy and mass support. For much of the twentieth century, the linkages between liberalism, authoritarianism, and nationalism were in abeyance in the West; in recent decades, however, these linkages have re-emerged and are likely to grow stronger.
From Natal to the Transvaal
Authors: du Toit Louise 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the 1913 march of striking mine and plantation workers and the broader campaign of non-violent resistance led by Gandhi for Indian rights in South Africa. The ambiguity resulting from Gandhi’s inspiration by women’s activism, on the one hand, and his reluctance to allow women on the front lines of Satyagraha, on the other, goes to the heart of Satyagraha activism itself. Satyagraha confounds gender stereotypes because of its steadfast resistance to physical violence (‘unmanly’) and its equally steadfast exertion of force on an oppressive system, which requires extraordinary courage (‘unwomanly’). Gandhi’s wife, Kasturba, convinced him to ‘allow’ women to join the front lines of the 1913 campaign, thus inaugurating a more radically inclusive and cross-cutting version of Satyagraha. Drawing on recent comparative empirical research into women’s role in the front lines of assemblies, the chapter shows why the appearance of women on the front lines of Satyagraha led to successful social transformation.