bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing for patients with sepsis in rural hospital emergency departments
Authors: Heffernan A. J. , Smedley A. , Stickley T. , Oomen S. , Carrigan B. , Heffernan R. , Woodall H. , Pinidiyapathirage J. , Brumpton K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDesign/ParticipantsThis was a multicentre retrospective cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) presenting with a process associated International Classification of Diseases code (ICD‐AM‐10) pertaining to sepsis between January 2017 and July 2020 to rural Emergency Departments.Main Outcome MeasuresOur primary outcome was antibiotic appropriateness as defined by the Australian Therapeutic Guidelines (for antibiotic selection relative to infecting source) and the National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey tool. Our secondary outcome was in‐hospital mortality.MethodsRelevant clinical and non‐clinical, physiological and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of both inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and in‐hospital mortality based on clinical and non‐clinical factors.ResultsA total of 378 patients were included who primarily presented with sepsis of unknown origin (36.8%), a genitourinary (22.22%) or respiratory (18.78%) source. Antibiotics were appropriately prescribed in 59% of patients. A positive Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (qSOFA) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.83), a respiratory infection source (OR = 0.5; 95% CI, 0.29–0.86) and documented allergy (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.25–0.72) were associated with a lower risk of appropriate prescribing in multivariate analysis. Forty‐one percent of patients received antibiotics within 1 h of presentation. Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing was not associated with in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionThe rates of appropriate antibiotic prescribing in rural Emergency Departments for patients presenting with sepsis is low, but comparable to other referral metropolitan centres.
Prevalence of steatotic liver disease, MASLD, MetALD and significant fibrosis in people with HIV in the United States
Authors: Gawrieh Samer , Vilar‐Gomez Eduardo , Woreta Tinsay A. , Lake Jordan E. , Wilson Laura A. , Price Jennifer C. , Naggie Susanna , Sterling Richard K. , Heath Sonya , Corey Kathleen E. , Cachay Edward R. , Ajmera Veeral , Tonascia James , Sulkowski Mark S. , Chalasani Naga , Loomba Rohit 
Published: December 2023

SummaryBackgroundMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has recently been proposed as a replacement term for NAFLD.AimsTo assess the effects of this new nomenclature on the prevalence and distribution of different SLD categories in people with HIV (PWH) and identified factors associated with MASLD and clinically significant fibrosis (CSF).MethodsPWH were prospectively enrolled from 9 US centres and underwent clinical evaluation and vibration‐controlled transient elastography for controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). SLD was defined as CAP ≥ 263 dB/m, CSF as LSM of ≥8 kPa, and advanced fibrosis (AF) as LSM ≥ 12 kPa. The prevalence of SLD, MASLD, metabolic dysfunction and alcohol‐associated liver disease (MetALD), ALD, cryptogenic (cSLD), CSF and AF were determined. Uni‐ and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess factors associated with MASLD and CSF risk.ResultsOf 1065 participants, 74% were male, mean (SD) age 51.6 ± 11.9 years, 46% non‐Hispanic Black and 74% with undetectable HIV RNA. The prevalence of SLD was 52%, MASLD 39%, MetALD 10%, ALD 3%, CSF 15% and AF 4%. Only 0.6% had cSLD. Black race was protective whereas obesity, ALT and AST levels were associated with increased risk of MASLD and CSF in MASLD. HIV or antiretroviral therapy did not affect MASLD risk.ConclusionsMASLD and MetALD are the dominant causes of SLD in PWH, affecting almost half. Application of the new nomenclature resulted in minimal change in the proportion of patients with MASLD who would have been diagnosed previously with NAFLD.
The costs of lying: Consequences of telling lies on liar's self‐esteem and affect
Authors: Preuter Sanne , Jaeger Bastian , Stel Mariëlle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeceiving others is generally viewed as immoral. However, most people lie on a daily basis. This article examines the psychological consequences for the liars themselves, as they are participating in what is generally perceived as immoral behaviour. More specifically, this article focuses on the effects of lying on the liar's self‐esteem and affect. We tested if lying, in comparison to telling the truth, lowers people's self‐esteem and increases negative experienced affect. In total, three cross sectional and one longitudinal studies were conducted (N = 783). Results showed that lying decreased people's self‐esteem and increased negative affect, regardless of the type of lie (self‐centred vs. other‐oriented). Furthermore, lying on a given day decreased people's self‐esteem compared to their self‐esteem on the previous day and to their average level of self‐esteem across 5 days.
Predictive model averaging with parameter instability and heteroskedasticity
Authors: Yin Anwen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a frequentist model averaging approach in the presence of parameter instability and heteroskedasticity. We derive optimal weights combining the stable and break specifications of a predictive model, with the weights from minimizing the leave‐one‐out cross‐validation information criterion (CV). We characterize the asymptotic distribution of the CV and provide the analytical expressions of the feasible optimal CV weights. Our simulations and applications forecasting the US and Taiwanese GDP growth demonstrate the superior performance of the CV model averaging relative to other methods such as the Mallows averaging, the approximate Bayesian averaging, and equal weighting.
Does geographic or market proximity matter? Evidence from institutional investor monitoring on earnings attributes in US cross‐listed stocks
Authors: Kang Sanggyu , Chung Chune Young , Fard Amirhossein 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates institutional distance as a factor of investors’ monitoring of corporate earnings attributes. We analyze the US cross‐listing market to determine whether institutional monitoring depends on geographic or market proximity. We find that shareholdings of non‐US institutions headquartered in the same country as the investee firm are significantly and positively related to earnings quality. However, we do not find such a monitoring role in the United States, or in institutions not incorporated in the investee firm's home country. Our findings support a geographic proximity advantage over market proximity, which is more pronounced when firms’ information opacity is more severe; the results are not altered by the choice of earnings attribute variables.
Effectiveness of catch‐up and routine program of the 9‐valent vaccine on cervical cancer risk reduction in Japan
Authors: Yagi Asami , Nakagawa Satoshi , Ueda Yutaka , Oka Emiko , Ikeda Sayaka , Kakuda Mamoru , Kobayashi Eiji , Ito Yuri , Katayama Kayoko , Hirai Kei , Nakayama Tomio , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn 2013, the national human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization program began. However, in June 2013, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) announced a “temporary” suspension of its recommendation for the human papillomavirus vaccine. Finally, in November 2021, the MHLW ended its suspension of the recommendation of the HPV vaccine. To address the 9‐year gap in HPV vaccinations the suspension had caused, the MHLW conducted a program of catch‐up vaccinations from April 2022 to March 2025. Finally, in April 2023, the 9‐valent HPV vaccine was approved for both the routine and catch‐up vaccination programs in Japan. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of the introduction of the 9‐valent vaccine on the increased risk of cervical cancer in females born after fiscal year (FY) 2000. We estimated the lifetime relative risk of cervical cancer incidence and death using the improved routine and catch‐up vaccination rates after the recent resumption of the governmental recommendation for women and girls to have the HPV vaccination. These relative risks were calculated using a lifetime risk of 1.000 for cervical cancer incidence and death for females born in FY 1993. We predicted that even if a 90% vaccination rate were to be achieved by FY 2024 with the 9‐valent vaccine among women born between FY 2000 and FY 2005, the risk would remain higher than for the vaccination generation. Therefore, for women born between FY 2000 and FY 2005, it will be necessary to significantly improve the cervical cancer screening rate to compensate for this increased risk.
Stapler size independently predicts postoperative complications following stapled ileocolic anastomosis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Garoufalia Zoe , Emile Sameh Hany , Zhou Peige , Gefen Rachel , Horesh Nir , Strassmann Victor , Ray‐Offor Emeka , DaSilva Giovanna , Wexner Steven D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimStaplers used in ileocolic anastomosis construction differ in length and height. We assessed the impact of stapler type in creating ileocolic anastomoses on postoperative outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study of an Institutional Review Board approved database included patients who underwent laparoscopic right colectomy for cancer between January 2011 and August 2021. All patients had construction of extracorporeal antiperistaltic stapled ileocolic anastomosis using a linear cutting stapler. Main outcome measures were short‐term (<30 day) morbidity and mortality.ResultsIn all, 270 patients (136 men; median age 70.2 years) were included. A 75 mm stapler was used in 49 (18.1%) patients, 80 mm in 97 (35.9%) and 100 mm in 124 (45.9%). Blue cartridge (stapler height 3.5 mm) was used in 175 (64.5%) and green cartridge (4.8 mm) in 18 (7%) patients; this information was unavailable in 77 (28.5%) cases. Apical enterotomy closure was performed by linear stapler in 54% and linear cutting stapler in 46%. Apical staple line reinforcement or imbrication suturing was used in 26.3%. The overall postoperative complication rate was 28.9%. The anastomotic leak rate was 2.6%. Independent predictors of complications after laparoscopic right colectomy were older age (OR 1.03, 95%CI 1–1.06; P = 0.01), extended colectomy (OR 2.76, 95%CI 1.07–7.08; P = 0.035) and emergency surgery (OR 4.5, 95%CI 1.3–14.9; P = 0.014). A 100‐mm linear cutting stapler was an independent protective factor against postoperative complications (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.18–0.85; P = 0.019). Stapler height and closure technique of apical enterotomy did not affect postoperative complications.ConclusionIndependent predictors of complications after laparoscopic right colectomy were older age, extended colectomy and emergency surgery. Using a 100 mm stapler was an independent protective factor against postoperative complications.
Do payday lending bans protect or constrain regional economies? Evidence from the Military Lending Act's final rule
Authors: Carpenter Craig Wesley , Deming Kristopher , Anders John , Lotspeich‐Yadao Michael , Tolbert Charles M. , Ingrao Adam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe 2007 Military Lending Act attempted to ban high‐interest loans to U.S. military members and the 2017 “Final Rule” further restricted access, causing regional shocks in payday lending exposure in counties with a military base. Difference‐in‐differences and dynamic estimators provide mixed evidence on the effect of this payday lending access shock on regional economic outcomes and local business outcomes. However, we consistently find statistically significant reduced entry and exit of firms. Given payday lenders congregate around low‐income and minoritized populations analogously to how they congregated around military bases, these results provide policy implications for more general usury bans.
Making the grade: The effect of teacher grading standards on student outcomes
Authors: Gershenson Seth , Holt Stephen B. , Tyner Adam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne mechanism by which teachers might affect student learning is through the grading standards they set for their classrooms. However, the effects of grading standards on student outcomes are understudied. Using administrative data that links individual students and teachers in Algebra I classrooms from 2006 to 2016, we examine the effects of teachers' grading standards on student learning and attendance. High teacher grading standards increase both contemporaneous student achievement in Algebra I and performance in subsequent math classes. Heterogeneity analyses find that these impacts are positive and similar in size for students of different backgrounds, aptitudes, and school contexts.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing to explore cancer‐associated fibroblasts heterogeneity: “Single” vision for “heterogeneous” environment
Authors: Zhang Xiangjian , Zhu Ruiqiu , Yu Die , Wang Juan , Yan Yuxiang , Xu Ke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous stromal cell, are one of the most important components of the tumour microenvironment. Previous studies have consolidated it as a promising target against cancer. However, variable therapeutic efficacy—both protumor and antitumor effects have been observed not least owing to the strong heterogeneity of CAFs. Over the past 10 years, advances in single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technologies had a dramatic effect on biomedical research, enabling the analysis of single cell transcriptomes with unprecedented resolution and throughput. Specifically, scRNA‐seq facilitates our understanding of the complexity and heterogeneity of diverse CAF subtypes. In this review, we discuss the up‐to‐date knowledge about CAF heterogeneity with a focus on scRNA‐seq perspective to investigate the emerging strategies for integrating multimodal single‐cell platforms. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical application of scRNA‐seq on CAF research. We believe that the comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of CAFs form different visions will generate innovative solutions to cancer therapy and achieve clinical applications.
Concurrent Langerhans cell histiocytosis and acute myeloid leukemia: A rare presentation of a rare case
Authors: Gao Julia L. , Davis Matthew J. , Dagrosa Alicia T. , Momtahen Shabnam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA 72‐year‐old woman with no significant past medical history was admitted to the hospital for new‐onset of leukocytosis with neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, as well as a pruritic skin eruption. She was found to have acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with myelomonocytic differentiation. Her skin eruption consisted of widespread hemorrhagic crusted papules on the scalp and trunk. A skin biopsy was performed, which revealed a proliferation of mononuclear cells in the dermis with prominent epidermotropism and positive expression of CD1a and langerin (CD207), supporting a diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). LCH is an uncommon proliferative disorder of activated Langerhans cells, which generally presents in children. In adults, it is exceptionally infrequent. Associated malignancies and rare reports of AML developing in subsequent years after an initial presentation of LCH have been described. Here we present an unusual concurrent presentation of LCH and AML in an adult.
Value of drug level concentrations of brivaracetam, lacosamide, and perampanel in care of people with epilepsy
Authors: Hentschel Matthias , Stoffel‐Wagner Birgit , Surges Rainer , von Wrede Randi , Dolscheid‐Pommerich Ramona Christina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether clinical efficacy and reported adverse effects (AEs) of the newer antiseizure medications (ASMs) brivaracetam (BRV), lacosamide (LCM), and perampanel (PER) have been associated with plasma levels of these ASMs. We also investigated whether plasma levels outside the reference range has led to dose adjustments.MethodsPlasma levels of 300 people with epilepsy (PWE) seen at our tertiary epilepsy center were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.PWE received BRV (n = 100), LCM (n = 100), or PER (n = 100), in most cases in polytherapy. Demographic and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and related to plasma levels. Clinical efficacy of BRV, LCM, or PER was assessed retrospectively by comparing seizure frequency at the time of current blood draw with seizure frequency at the time of first administration. AEs were also recorded and, if reported, compared retrospectively with the time of first administration.ResultsNo significant associations were found between plasma levels of BRV, LCM, or PER and seizure freedom (BRV, p = 1.000; LCM, p = .243; PER, p = .113) or responder status (BRV, p = .118; LCM, p = .478; PER, p = .069) at presentation. There was also no pattern between plasma levels and the occurrence of AEs. In the majority of cases, drug levels outside the reference ranges have not led to adjustments in the daily doses of BRV (93.5%), LCM (93.9%), or PER (89.1%).SignificancePlasma levels at a given time point did not allow conclusions to be drawn about seizure control or the occurrence of AEs. Our findings indicate that efficacy and tolerability cannot be predicted based on averaged data from a single plasma measurement due to high interindividual variability. Instead, individual reference values should be established when sufficient clinical data are available, in line with the 2008 International League Against Epilepsy position paper on therapeutic drug monitoring.
Climatic niche differentiation between native and non‐native ranges is widespread in Ponto‐Caspian amphipods
Authors: Šidagytė‐Copilas Eglė , Copilaș‐Ciocianu Denis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract1. Niche conservatism posits that a species' non‐native populations establish in areas that match their native environmental conditions. Although the Ponto‐Caspian biodiversity hotspot is a major source of freshwater alien species, the extent to which their climatic niches diverge between invaded and native ranges remains poorly understood.2. Using an n‐dimensional hypervolume approach, we quantified climatic niche overlap and inferred patterns of niche differentiation (shift, contraction, or expansion) among native and invaded ranges for 12 widespread Ponto‐Caspian amphipod species (six genera in three families).3. Our results show that all species experience substantially different climatic conditions in their invaded range compared to their native range. The invasive niche either contracted (five species), shifted (four species), expanded and shifted (two species), or shifted and contracted (one species) relative to the native niche.4. We conclude that although the focal taxa share a common geographic origin and evolutionary history, they exhibit disparate patterns of climatic niche change outside their native range. The niche conservatism hypothesis receives mixed support given that half of the studied species underwent niche shifts/expansion. Furthermore, congeners exhibited both identical and contrasting patterns of niche differentiation, suggesting a limited phylogenetic effect.5. The uncovered diversity of niche dynamics among closely related species indicates that each has a unique potential for invasiveness and long‐term persistence. This has important implications for predicting invasion risk and refining management strategies. Our study also underlines the importance of biodiversity hotspots as reservoirs of highly adaptable alien species.
THE UNCONSCIOUS IN INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIETY: ON THE APPLICATION OF PSYCHOANALYTIC CATEGORIES IN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: KLÜNERS MARTIN 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe long‐held conviction of a mutually exclusive relationship between psychoanalysis, which allegedly proceeds purely in terms of individual psychology, and historical social science, which is interested primarily in the analysis of collectives, has significantly hindered dialogue between the disciplines. Norbert Elias's “figurational” sociology, which has been strongly influenced by psychoanalysis and group therapy, has the potential to indicate a way in which social science‐oriented historical research might investigate the network of relations between individual and “collective” psychic processes without relying on artificial dichotomies. Elias's figurational theory, for its part, does not sufficiently take into account the question of a collective or social unconscious, so this article examines approaches that attempt to explore and conceptually define a supra‐individual unconscious.
Evaluation of microneedling depth of penetration in management of atrophic acne scars: a split‐face comparative study
Authors: El‐Domyati Moetaz , Moftah Noha H. , Ahmed Asmaa M. , Ibrahim Michel R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicroneedling is a technique of repeated puncturing or drilling of the skin to induce repair and collagen induction. There are many reported important factors determining the efficacy of microneedling treatment. The extent of injury needed to produce the desired effect in each condition is one of these important factors.ObjectivesWe designed the present split‐face comparative study to evaluate the use and effectiveness of two different depths of penetration of Dermapen needles in the management of atrophic postacne scars.Patients and methodsThe present study involved 14 subjects with atrophic postacne scars. In each patient, both sides of the face were treated with six sessions of microneedling, using Dermapen at 2‐week intervals. A split‐face study design was performed. The right (Rt) side of the face was treated with Dermapen using 2.5 mm needle length, while the left (Lt) side was treated using 1.5 mm needle length.ResultsThere was a significantly better percentage of improvement of acne scars on the Rt side of the face compared to the Lt side (P = 0.02) after six sessions. Both sides of the face showed improvement of collagen bundles and elastic fibers characteristics after six sessions.ConclusionsThe use of 2.5 mm depth proved to be more effective both clinically and histologically in the management of atrophic postacne scars.
Milk fortified with chitooligosaccharide–gallic acid conjugate and its liposome: characterisation, storage stability, and in vitro digestibility
Authors: Mittal Ajay , Benjakul Soottawat , Palamae Suriya , Saetang Jirakrit , Singh Avtar 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe effects of chitooligosaccharide–gallic acid conjugate (CGC) and its liposome (CGLP) at two levels (1.25 and 2.50%, w/v) on quality and shelf‐life of milk kept at 4 °C were studied. Microbial counts including total viable, pathogenic and spoilage bacteria were the lowest for CGC‐fortified milk, especially when 2.50% (w/v) was used (CGC‐2.50) than remaining samples (P < 0.05). Lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and peroxide values were obtained for CGC‐2.50 than other samples (P < 0.05). However, higher acidity values and decreased pH and lightness were noticed in the aforementioned sample (P < 0.05). Moreover, all fortified milk samples had higher bioactivities during in vitro digestion, in which CGC‐2.50 had the highest bioactivities (P < 0.05). Higher retention of unsaturated fatty acids content in CGC‐2.50 was obtained than other counterparts (P < 0.05). Therefore, CGC efficiently extended milk shelf‐life with high acceptability at 4 °C for a minimum of 6 days, whereas control had a shelf‐life of less than 4 days.