bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I got frightened and felt strange. I even cried a lot after the diagnosis; the experiences on the screening and management of gestational diabetes mellitus among diagnosed women
Authors: Abubakari Abdulai , Bukari Mohammed , Malechi Hawa , Garti Humphrey , Agbozo Faith 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Understanding the experiences of women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) can improve screening, management, and postpartum care. Therefore, this study sought to investigate experiences on the screening and management of GDM among diagnosed women.

Methods
This was a facility-based explorative qualitative design among five purposively sampled women diagnosed with GDM who were receiving care from healthcare professionals. Women were asked about their reaction to being diagnosed with GDM, their experiences with care, training, self-monitoring, and challenges with the management of GDM, and data obtained were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Based on the thematic analysis, three main themes and ten sub-themes were generated. They were emotional experience (prior information on GDM before being diagnosed, and feelings about the diagnosis and blood glucose measurement), information source and care experience (source of information on healthy diet, training on blood glucose measurement, experiences with follow-up, and general impressions on GDM care), and dietary and lifestyle experience ( perceptions on dietary approaches, difficulties in getting and adhering to dietary and lifestyle guidelines, alternative treatment methods patronized, and effectiveness of dietary and lifestyle approaches).

Conclusion
The themes generated had psycho-emotional underpinning, and underscores the importance of psychotherapy when disclosing disease status and initiating medical care. The findings of this study could be important for the optimisation of GDM care and services for affected women.
Diagnostic accuracy of SSR-PET/CT compared to histopathology in the identification of liver metastases from well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Fabritius M. P. , Soltani V. , Cyran C. C. , Ricke J. , Bartenstein P. , Auernhammer C. J. , Spitzweg C. , Schnitzer M. L. , Ebner R. , Mansournia S. , Hinterberger A. , Lohse A. , Sheikh G. T. , Winkelmann M. , Knösel T. , Ingenerf M. , Schmid-Tannwald C. , Kunz W. G. , Rübenthaler J. , Grawe Freba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Histopathology is the reference standard for diagnosing liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Somatostatin receptor-positron emission tomography / computed tomography (SSR-PET/CT) has emerged as a promising non-invasive imaging modality for staging NETs. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of SSR-PET/CT in the identification of liver metastases in patients with proven NETs compared to histopathology.

Methods
Histopathologic reports of 139 resected or biopsied liver lesions of patients with known NET were correlated with matching SSR-PET/CTs and the positive/negative predictive value (PPV/NPV), sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of SSR-PET/CT were evaluated. PET/CT reading was performed by one expert reader blinded to histopathology and clinical data.

Results
133 of 139 (95.7%) liver lesions showed malignant SSR-uptake in PET/CT while initial histopathology reported on ‘liver metastases of NET´ in 127 (91.4%) cases, giving a PPV of 91.0%. Re-biopsy of the initially histopathologically negative lesions (reference standard) nevertheless diagnosed ‘liver metastases of NET’ in 6 cases, improving the PPV of PET/CT to 95.5%. Reasons for initial false-negative histopathology were inadequate sampling in the sense of non-target biopsies. The 6 (4.3%) SSR-negative lesions were all G2 NETs with a Ki-67 between 2–15%.

Conclusion
SSR-PET/CT is a highly accurate imaging modality for the diagnosis of liver metastases in patients with proven NETs. However, we found that due to the well-known tumor heterogeneity of NETs, specifically in G2 NETs approximately 4–5% are SSR-negative and may require additional imaging with [18F]FDG PET/CT.
Functional Water Channels Within the TSH Receptor: A New Paradigm for TSH Action With Disease Implications
Authors: Latif Rauf , Davies Terry F , Mezei Mihaly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) transmembrane domain (TMD) is found in the plasma membrane and consists of lipids and water molecules. To understand the role of TSHR-associated water molecules, we used molecular dynamic simulations of the TMD and identified a network of putative receptor-associated transmembrane water channels. This result was confirmed with extended simulations of the full-length TSHR with and without TSH ligand binding. While the transport time observed in the simulations via the TSHR protein was slower than via the lipid bilayer itself, we found that significantly more water traversed via the TSHR than via the lipid bilayer, which more than doubled with the binding of TSH. Using rat thyroid cells (FRTL-5) and a calcein fluorescence technique, we measured cell volumes after blockade of aquaporins 1 and 4, the major thyroid cell water transporters. TSH showed a dose-dependent ability to influence water transport, and similar effects were observed with stimulating TSHR autoantibodies. Small molecule TSHR agonists, which are allosteric activators of the TMD, also enhanced water transport, illustrating the role of the TMD in this phenomenon. Furthermore, the water channel pathway was also mapped across 2 activation motifs within the TSHR TMD, suggesting how water movement may influence activation of the receptor. In pathophysiological conditions such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism where TSH concentrations are highly variable, this action of TSH may greatly influence water movement in thyroid cells and many other extrathyroidal sites where the TSHR is expressed, thus affecting normal cellular function.
Spent Earth
Authors: Chao Sophie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This essay considers the multiscalar manifestations of loss and the destruction of loss through the material-semiotic figure of “spent earth,” a toxic waste by-product generated by the industrial bleaching of crude oils into edible oils. Drawing on two distinct encounters with spent earth in the Indonesian palm oil sector, the essay reflects on the substance's unevenly distributed effects across peoples, places, and generations; its association with visions of purity and realities of complicity; and the importance of attending to loss through both its situated, localized manifestations and its partial connections across sites, scales, and subjects.
This Is Why We Protect the Rivers, This Is How We Love the Rivers
Authors: Rubaii Kali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are the sacred world-makers and life-sustainers of Iraq. At the same time, war has transformed them into toxified vectors of disease, death, and neglect. The “river protectors” (some of them identifying as activists, others not) strive to protect and repair their river ecologies from unjust destruction, even as they work under the shadow of prophecy that predicts the irreparable demise of these waterways. This essay explores how people love doomed rivers and what it means to pursue environmental repair and justice in the face of massive, irreversible harm.
Le souverain, le survivant, le dernier homme
Authors: Nichanian Marc 
Published: September 2023

Résumé
C'est une étrange logique que celle de la souveraineté, telle que Georges Bataille a voulu la mettre en oeuvre et la théoriser, par deux fois. Il l'a fait d'abord en 1942, ensuite dans ce livre impossible qui était censé clore la seconde Somme qu'il avait prévue, celle de la part maudite. Elle suppose une expérience, mais c'est une expérience qui ne peut pas témoigner d'elle-même. Elle a besoin de s'inscrire de façon institutionnelle, mais elle appelle une pensée apocalyptique. A chaque fois, elle ne peut se dire qu’à travers une « catastrophe » et, à chaque fois également, elle est obligée de faire appel à la figure du « dernier homme ». Cette logique demande à être reconstruite. Il faut revenir là où Bataille s'est arrêté. Il faut comprendre quel était ce formidable obstacle auquel il s'est heurté. Il devait entrer dans un territoire vierge, celui du survivant. Et puisqu'il s'est arrêté précisément là où il se proposait d’écrire sur Kafka, le présent essai annonce et introduit un travail sur la situation de Kafka dans l'histoire (européenne) de la souveraineté.
Cryoablation Allows the Ultimate De-escalation of Surgical Therapy for Select Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Khan Sonia Y. , Cole Jaclyn , Habrawi Zaina , Melkus Michael W. , Layeequr Rahman Rakhshanda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Widespread use of screening mammography has allowed breast cancer to be detected at earlier stages. This allows for increased customization of treatment and less aggressive management. De-escalation of therapy plays an important role in decreasing treatment burden and improving patient quality of life. This report examines cryoablation as the next step in the surgical de-escalation of breast cancer.

Methods
Women with a diagnosis of clinically node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive (ER +), progesterone receptor-positive (PR +), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 −) infiltrating ductal carcinomas 1.5 cm or smaller underwent ultrasound-guided cryoablation. Either the Visica 2 treatment system (before 2020) or the ProSense treatment system (since 2020) was used to perform the cryoablation. Patients received mammograms and ultrasounds at a 6 months follow-up visit, and magnetic resonance images at baseline, then at 1 year follow-up intervals. Adjuvant therapy decisions and disease status were recorded.

Results
This study enrolled 32 patients who underwent 33 cryoablation procedures (1 patient had bilateral cancer). One patient had a sentinel node biopsy in addition to clinical staging of the axilla. For all the patients, adjuvant endocrine therapy was recommended, and six patients (18.75%) received adjuvant radiation. Of the 32 patients, 20 (60.6%) have been followed up for 2 years or longer, with no residual or recurrent disease at the site of ablation.

Conclusion
Cryoablation of the primary tumor foregoing sentinel node biopsy offers an oncologically safe and feasible minimally invasive office-based procedure option in lieu of surgery for patients with early-stage, low-risk breast cancer.
The effect of nature exposure on pain experience and quality of life in patients with chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Lee Matthew J. , Pradeep Aishwarya , Lobner Katie , Badaki-Makun Oluwakemi 
Published: September 2023

Background
Chronic pain is a complex condition with short and long-term effects on physical and psychosocial health. Nature exposure therapy has been investigated as a potential non-pharmacological intervention to improve physical and emotional health of individuals with chronic pain. This proposed systematic review aims to examine the effects of nature exposure therapy on pain experience and quality of life in patients with chronic pain.

Methods
Studies will be identified by searching the MEDLINE, Embase and Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases. All included studies will be required to be interventional controlled trials comparing nature exposure therapy to placebo or standard care in patients with chronic pain. Primary outcomes for this review will be pain intensity and quality of life scores. Secondary outcomes will include self-efficacy, depression and pain-related anxiety scores. If 2 or more studies are included, results will be pooled for meta-analysis. If meta-analysis is not possible, the results will be presented in a narrative form.

Discussion
Given the adverse effects of opioid use, non-pharmacological interventions are a necessary alternative to treat patients with chronic pain. Nature exposure therapy is an intriguing example of such an intervention. We hope that this systematic review will guide future clinical decision-making for patients with chronic pain and provide evidence for or against the need for natural spaces and improved urban planning.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021226949.
Personalized laboratory medicine in the digital health era: recent developments and future challenges
Authors: Coskun Abdurrahman , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interpretation of laboratory data is a comparative procedure and requires reliable reference data, which are mostly derived from population data but used for individuals in conventional laboratory medicine. Using population data as a “reference” for individuals has generated several problems related to diagnosing, monitoring, and treating single individuals. This issue can be resolved by using data from individuals’ repeated samples, as their personal reference, thus needing that laboratory data be personalized. The modern laboratory information system (LIS) can store the results of repeated measurements from millions of individuals. These data can then be analyzed to generate a variety of personalized reference data sets for numerous comparisons. In this manuscript, we redefine the term “personalized laboratory medicine” as the practices based on individual-specific samples and data. These reflect their unique biological characteristics, encompassing omics data, clinical chemistry, endocrinology, hematology, coagulation, and within-person biological variation of all laboratory data. It also includes information about individuals’ health behavior, chronotypes, and all statistical algorithms used to make precise decisions. This approach facilitates more accurate diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diseases for each individual. Furthermore, we explore recent advancements and future challenges of personalized laboratory medicine in the context of the digital health era.
Examining Chinese University EFL Teachers’ Perceptions and Participation in an Academic Salon-Based Professional Learning Community
Authors: Wang Li , Zou Yihuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the last three decades, Professional learning communities (PLCs) have spread rapidly in different countries and contexts. While much is known about PLCs’ potential to enhance teachers’ professional learning, less is known about factors influencing teachers’ sustained participation and the process concerning how PLC was built at an early stage, especially in higher education in China. This study, conducted at the School of Foreign Languages in a key teacher education university in China, examined 17 university EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers’ perceptions of the value of academic salon-based PLC and the factors influencing their participation. Drawing on data from semi-structured interviews, the results showed that most participants embraced and appreciated the significant role of salon-based PLC in breaking a sense of isolation, enriching general knowledge in research and publication, and enhancing beliefs of the significance of research in professional development. However, how salons were implemented hindered teachers’ sustained participation. Factors at the individual level (i. e., low motivation, heavy workload, etc.) and the institutional level (i.e., non-collaborative culture, hierarchy, etc.) also exerted great influence on teachers’ sustained engagement. Implications for university teachers’ development in the context of PLCs were discussed.
Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Communicative English for Chinese Learners (Integrated Course) From the Perspective of Ecosophy
Authors: Song Xu , Perry Melissa Shamini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Textbooks may reflect a certain ecosophy through the linguistic elements of the content that significantly influences students’ values. This analysis selected 88 discourses from the reading sections of Communicative English for Chinese Learners (Integrated Course), from Books 1 to 4, designed for undergraduate English majors. Based on Systemic Functional Linguistics, the title and the illustration of the reading sections are analyzed to ascertain whether the ideology they reflect is in accord with the ecosophy, that is, the harmonious coexistence of humans, nature, and the development of society. After conducting a textual analysis, all multimodal discourses that can reflect clear ecosophy conform to this idea. Concerning illustrations, seven of them are at variance with the ecosophy. As for the analysis of the logico-semantic relations between image and text, only three discourses are found at variance with the ecosophy, but in actual pedagogical context, these three discourses aim to arouse the thinking of the audience about people’s inappropriate conduct and arouse their ecological consciousness.
A retrieval model of surface geochemistry composition based on remotely sensed data
Authors: He Jinxin , Chen Debo , Zhan Ye , Ren Xiaoyu , Li Qingyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The geochemical sampling work in the difficult and dangerous areas is very hard; hence, it can be greatly improved by combining with the remotely sensed data. Thus, a retrieval model is proposed by Kernel Principal Component Analysis and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimized Support Vector Machine (SVM) models based on Landsat 8 remotely sensed data and the geochemical data in the study area. The analysis results show that the geochemical data delineate the areas with relatively enriched elements, but indicate the low-abnormal ore (chemical) points, and the anomalies delineated by the inversion data are better for this purpose, for better indication. At the same time, the distribution and intensity of the corresponding abnormal areas found that the abnormal areas delineated by the inversion data basically contain the abnormal areas delineated by the original data, and the anomalies located at the ore spots are obviously enhanced; it shows that the SVM model of ABC Optimization can establish the relation between geochemistry data and remote sensing data, can supply the original data effectively, and can also provide the direction for the next prospecting work.
The research of a novel flocculant mainly prepared by Moringa seed meal
Authors: Shen Lu , Zheng Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As a product of oil extraction from Moringa seeds, Moringa seed meal contains a large amount of flocculant active substances, which are not effectively utilized at present. The concentration of 50 mg L−1 Moringa seed meal extract could be prepared by the mixture of Moringa seed meal defatted powder (100 mesh) and NaCl solution (0.5 mol L−1). According to the share ratio, a novel natural flocculant was formed from 10 mL Moringa seed meal extract (50 mg L−1), 11.94 mg cactus powder (60 mesh) as well 2 mL sodium alginate solution (5 mg L−1). The experimental result suggested that for 400 mL of 100 NTU kaolin suspension, the turbidity removal effect of flocculant was 93.1 % with no increase in turbidity during the resting process, testifying to its biodegradability and ecological safety.
Wear and residual stress in high-feed milling of AISI H13 tool steel
Authors: Bakirci Altug , Koca Selim , Erdogan Ozlem , Cakir Mustafa Cemal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the new manufacturing technologies, it has been possible to machine hard metals efficiently. During high-speed machining (HSM) of high-strength steel, the poor surface integrity of the workpiece affects the performance of the process. Surface roughness, microstructure, microhardness and residual stress are key performance indices for surface integrity directly controlled by tool wear and cutting parameters. In this study, high-feed milling (HFM) of a pocket on test samples made of DIN 1.2344 ESR mould steel with 55 HRc hardness was carried out on the CNC vertical milling machine. Three different cutting speeds and five different feed rates were used. At the end of the machining, tool wear was measured using a microscope. Subsequently, X-ray diffraction and hole drilling procedures were used to quantify residual stresses on machined test specimens. The results showed that under cutting conditions, the highest tensile residual stress was attained at f

z
= 0.78 mm·tooth−1, v = 127.58 m·min−1, and the highest compressive residual stress at f

z
= 0.5 mm·tooth−1, v = 127.58 m·min−1, on the workpiece surface. The most suitable cutting parameters were reported as f

z
= 0.63 mm·tooth−1 and v = 70 m·min−1 cutting speed when tool wear and residual stresses are considered together.
A review of magnetically driven swimming microrobots: Material selection, structure design, control method, and applications
Authors: Liu Huibin , Guo Qinghao , Wang Wenhao , Yu Tao , Yuan Zheng , Ge Zhixing , Yang Wenguang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Magnetically driven swimming microrobot is a typical one in the family of microrobots and they can achieve navigation and manipulation in low Reynolds number biomedical environments with an external magnetic drive strategy. This study reviews recent advances in material selection, structure design, fabrication techniques, drive control method, and applications for magnetically driven swimming microrobots. First, the materials used in magnetically driven swimming microrobots were introduced and the effect of material selection on performance was discussed. Second, structure design of swimming microrobots and manufacturing techniques are reviewed, followed by a discussion on the main advances in effective motion control, path planning, and path tracking. Then, the multi-applications of magnetically driven swimming microrobots including targeted drug delivery, cell manipulation, and minimally invasive surgery are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future directions of the work on magnetically driven swimming microrobots are discussed.
Das „Unternehmen“ im Unionsrecht: Rechtsträger oder wirtschaftliche Einheit?
Authors: Zimmermann Anton , Habrich Victor , Korn Laura , Weller Marc-Philippe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

399Der Unternehmensbegriff durchzieht das gesamte Wirtschaftsrecht der Europäischen Union. Als Dreh- und Angelpunkt kommt dem Begriffsverständnis, insbesondere in Haftungsfragen, überragende Bedeutung zu. Mangels einer ausdrücklichen, vor die Klammer gezogenen Begriffsbestimmung bedarf es einer gesonderten Analyse der einzelnen Teilrechtsgebiete. Dabei ergibt sich ein klares Bild. Außerhalb des Kartellrechts wird ein enger Unternehmens­begriff verwendet, der das Unternehmen mit der einzelnen juristischen Person bzw. Gesellschaft gleichsetzt. Allein im Kartellrecht ist der Unternehmensbegriff an der wirtschaftlichen Einheit orientiert – ausnahmsweise und nicht verallgemeinerbar.
Los pronombres interrogativos complejos del españolel quéylo qué
Authors: Eguren Luis , Sánchez López Cristina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe neuter interrogative pronounsel quéandlo quéalternate withqué‘what’ in conversational Spanish in certain contexts and types of wh-questions (e.g., –No me lo puedo creer – ¿No te puedes creer qué/el qué/lo qué?). This paper describes geographical, register and social variation in the use ofel quéandlo quéand analyses the interpretive and distributional properties of these complex forms. Building on corpus data and speakers’ judgements, it is shown that the formel quéis common to all Spanish dialects and is used in all registers and at all social levels, whereaslo quéis only found in Spain, Argentina and Uruguay: in Spain and Argentina, this form belongs to lower class people with little education and speakers in rural areas; in Uruguay, it does not have a social bias and occurs in both formal and informal situations. It is also argued thatel quéandlo quéare used to indicate that the target of the question is identifiable in the context of utterance, and it is thus claimed thatelandloinel quéandlo quéare overt definiteness markers.