bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cover crop effects on fibrous roots and growth of subsequent sugar beet
Authors: Grunwald Dennis , Koch Heinz-Josef 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cover crops (CC) may increase root growth of the following main crop by improving the soil structure, however, the extent of this effect might depend on the CC species. This study aims at quantifying the effects of different CCs on sugar beet (SB; Beta vulgaris L.) fibrous roots and plant growth.

Methods
Two field trials were conducted near Göttingen, Central Germany, with SB after four CC treatments: fallow, oil radish, saia oat, and spring vetch, differing in biomass. SB root length density and biomass was analyzed to 60 cm soil depth in July, around 100 days after sowing. From June on, plants were sampled monthly to determine leaf and taproot biomass. CC biomass and SB residues were further analyzed for carbon content.

Results
SB root length density in 0–20 cm soil depth was increased by the CCs, particularly radish and oat, while in lower depths only non-significant differences were found. Differences between the CC treatments regarding SB leaf and taproot biomass were site-specific with increases in SB biomass after CCs at a site with high N supply, yet no effects on sugar yield were found for either site. Carbon input into the soil was significantly increased through CC cultivation by 47 to 85%.

Conclusion
CCs with different properties improved fibrous root and overall plant growth of SB to a different extent at sites with contrasting conditions. Future studies under diverse environmental conditions are needed to fully assess the potential benefits of CCs on following SB growth.
Effects of drug-induced sleep endoscopy in children with conventional obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xin , Chen Yong-chao , Li Lan , Pan Hong-guang , Teng Yi-shu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in pediatric conventional obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) without previous upper airway surgery, or comorbidity, to evaluate the change in treatment strategies and to identify obstructive sites observed during DISE. This study aimed to explore the role of DISE in the management of pediatric conventional OSAHS.

Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted using both computerized and manual methods to retrieve relevant case studies on DISE-guided treatment of pediatric conventional OSAHS from databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WF, and VIP database. The search period extended from database inception to January 2023. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select relevant literature, and data extraction was performed accordingly. Meta-analysis was conducted using the Stata 16.0 software.

Results
A total of 761 patients from four studies were included in the meta-analysis. All pediatric patients had no history of upper airway surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, or syndromes other than OSAHS. The quality assessment revealed that the included studies were of low methodological quality and consisted of non-randomized case studies. Meta-analysis results indicated that in pediatric patients with OSAHS, the obstruction rates observed during DISE were as follows: nasopharyngeal (adenoid) obstruction 93%, soft palate obstruction 35%, oropharyngeal (tonsil) obstruction 76%, tongue base obstruction 32%, supraglottic obstruction 31%, and multi-level obstruction 60%. DISE led to a change in the conventional surgical approach in 45% (95% CI: 29–60%) of patients with OSAHS, providing individualized treatment plans. Postoperative symptoms and sleep-related parameters improved significantly compared to preoperative values, with DISE findings possibly enhancing surgical success rates and potentially avoiding unnecessary procedures.

Conclusion
In some cases, DISE may potentially lead to alterations in conventional surgical approaches for children with OSAHS who had no history of upper airway surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, or other syndromes.. The results of our meta-analysis were in favor of DISE-directed approach for pediatric conventional OSAHS. However, further high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are warranted in future research to investigate the role of DISE in the management of pediatric OSAHS.
Outcomes of Concurrent Hiatus Hernia Repair with Different Bariatric Surgery Procedures: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mills Henry , Alhindi Yousef , Idris Iskandar , Al-Khyatt Waleed 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Hiatus hernia (HH) is prevalent among patients with obesity. Concurrent repair is often performed during metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), but a consensus on the safety and effectiveness of concurrent HH repair (HHR) and MBS remains unclear. We performed a systematic review of the safety and effectiveness of concurrent HHR and MBS through the measurement of multiple postoperative outcomes.

Method
Seventeen studies relating to concurrent MBS and HHR were identified. MBS procedures included laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), and adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). Studies with pre- and postoperative measurements and outcomes were extracted.

Results
For LSG, 9 of 11 studies concluded concurrent procedures to be safe and effective with no increase in mortality. Reoperation and readmission rates however were increased with HHR, whilst GORD rates were seen to improve, therefore providing a solution to the predominant issue with LSG. For LRYGB, in all 5 studies, concurrent procedures were concluded to be safe and effective, with no increase in mortality, length of stay, readmission and reoperation rates. Higher complication rates were observed compared to LSG with HHR. Among LAGB studies, all 4 studies were concluded to be safe and effective with no adverse outcomes on mortality and length of stay. GORD rates were seen to decrease, and reoperation rates from pouch dilatation and gastric prolapse were observed to significantly decrease.

Conclusion
Concurrent HHR with MBS appears to be safe and effective. Assessment of MBS warrants the consideration of concurrent HHR depending on specific patient case and the surgeon’s preference.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical Trial Protocol for BEACH: A Phase 2a Study of MW189 in Patients with Acute Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Avadhani Radhika , Ziai Wendy C. , Thompson Richard E. , Mould W. Andrew , Lane Karen , Nanni Angeline , Iacobelli Michael , Sharrock Matthew F. , Sansing Lauren H. , Van Eldik Linda J. , Hanley Daniel F. ,   on behalf of the BEACH trial consortium, Lord Aaron , Liptrap Elizabeth , Zuccarello Mario , Hatton Kevin , Girotra Tarun , Chang Tiffany , Mascitelli Justin , Magid-Bernstein Jessica , Babi Marc 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) develop secondary neuroinflammation and cerebral edema that can further damage the brain and lead to increased risk of neurologic complications. Preclinical studies in animal models of acute brain injury have shown that a novel small-molecule drug candidate, MW01-6-189WH (MW189), decreases neuroinflammation and cerebral edema and improves functional outcomes. MW189 was also safe and well tolerated in phase 1 studies in healthy adults. The proof-of-concept phase 2a Biomarker and Edema Attenuation in IntraCerebral Hemorrhage (BEACH) clinical trial is a first-in-patient, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. It is designed to determine the safety and tolerability of MW189 in patients with acute ICH, identify trends in potential mitigation of neuroinflammation and cerebral edema, and assess effects on functional outcomes. A total of 120 participants with nontraumatic ICH will be randomly assigned 1:1 to receive intravenous MW189 (0.25 mg/kg) or placebo (saline) within 24 h of symptom onset and every 12 h for up to 5 days or until hospital discharge. The 120-participant sample size (60 per group) will allow testing of the null hypothesis of noninferiority with a tolerance limit of 12% and assuming a “worst-case” safety assumption of 10% rate of death in each arm with 10% significance and 80% power. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at 7 days post randomization between treatment arms. Secondary end points include all-cause mortality at 30 days, perihematomal edema volume after symptom onset, adverse events, vital signs, pharmacokinetics of MW189, and inflammatory cytokine concentrations in plasma (and cerebrospinal fluid if available). Other exploratory end points are functional outcomes collected on days 30, 90, and 180. BEACH will provide important information about the utility of targeting neuroinflammation in ICH and will inform the design of future larger trials of acute central nervous system injury.
Integrated Analysis of Chromatin and Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies PU.1 as a Core Regulatory Factor in Microglial Activation Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Authors: Zhang Zengyu , Jin Pengpeng , Guo Zimin , Tu Zhilan , Yang Hualan , Hu Mengting , Li Qinghua , Liu Xingdang , Li Weiwei , Hou Shuangxing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn addition to causing white matter lesions, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) can also cause damage to gray matter, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In order to obtain a better understanding of the relationship between gene expression and transcriptional regulation alterations, novel upstream regulators could be identified using integration analysis of the transcriptome and epigenetic approaches. Here, a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) model was established for inducing CCH in mice. The spatial cognitive function of mice was evaluated, and changes in cortical microglia morphology were observed. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) were performed on isolated mouse cortical brain tissue. Then, a systematic joint analysis of BCAS hypoperfusion-induced cortex-specific RNA-seq and ATAC-seq was conducted in order to assess the extent of the correlation between the two, and PU.1 was found to be greatly enriched through motif analysis and transcription factor annotation. Also, the core regulatory factor PU.1 induced by BCAS hypoperfusion was shown to be colocalized with microglia. Based on the above analysis, PU.1 plays a key regulatory role in microglial activation induced by CCH. And the transcriptome and epigenomic data presented in this study can help identify potential targets for future research exploring chronic hypoperfusion-induced brain injury.
Prediction of pollutant removal from aqueous solutions using magnetic photocatalysts
Authors: Abbasi Sedigheh , Tahari Mostafa , Imani Mohammad 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this research, magnetic nanocomposite (MGO@TiO2) consisting of Fe3O4, TiO2 and graphene oxide is synthesized for the photocatalytic removal of methyl orange, and its photocatalytic activity is compared with the nanohybrid (Fe3O4@TiO2) without graphene oxide. The crystalline phases of both photocatalysts are determined using X-ray diffraction patterns. The results show that the removal efficiency of methyl orange using the synthesized nanohybrid and nanocomposite is affected by the irradiation time and the pH of the suspension. Comparing the removal efficiency of methyl orange using synthesized photocatalysts shows that the photocatalytic activity of nanocomposite is much higher than that of nanohybrid. The statistical analysis of the experimental data using the response surface method led to the selection of the quadratic model as the best statistical model to estimate the removal efficiency of methyl orange. Also, the numerical and graphical methods confirmed the adequacy of the quadratic statistical model.
Treatment of paraffin deposition behavior in gas-condensate wells with chemical inhibitors
Authors: Shi Bowen , Hong Jiajun , Wang Zhihua , Chang Zhenbo , Li Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs deep gas-condensate reservoirs are explored, the problem of paraffin deposition is becoming more prominent. Therefore, this paper collects condensate samples from representative paraffin deposition gas-condensate wells and analyzes basic physical properties. The cold plate deposition device is employed to study paraffin deposition behavior under well conditions and to divide the critical regions for paraffin deposition in gas-condensate wells. The experimental apparatus, such as the crude oil dynamic paraffin deposition rate tester, is utilized to investigate the preventive effect of paraffin dispersants and paraffin crystal modifier. The results show that there is significant phase change behavior in gas-condensate wells and gas phase is dominant form, but there is also phase evolution. It can be identified from the experiments that paraffin deposition is mainly located in the 1000 ~ 1500 m region, and a paraffin deposition identification chart has been established. The maximum deposition rate could reach 15.50 mm/year, which matched the temperature and pressure conditions of 45 ℃ and 70 MPa. The preventive effect of paraffin crystal modifiers greatly exceeds that of paraffin dispersants, with paraffin prevention rates of 85–95% at the optimal concentrations of 0.25–0.50 wt.%. The dissolving paraffin rate can reach 0.0169 g/min. It decreases the paraffin appearance temperature approximately 40% and significantly changes the paraffin crystal morphology. Increased deposition surface area of the cold plate structural design describes the paraffin deposition. This diagram facilitates the reliable identification of paraffin deposition areas and the deposition rates in the wellbore during production. The optimum amounts of BZ and PI paraffin inhibitors are quantified. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the paraffin deposition behavior, and scientific basis and guidance for the selection of paraffin inhibitors in gas-condensate wells.
On the spectrum of exterior algebra, and generalized exponents of small representations
Authors: Di Trani Sabino 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present some results about the irreducible representations appearing in the exterior algebra $$\Lambda \mathfrak {g}$$

Λ
g

, where $$\mathfrak {g}$$
g
is a simple Lie algebra over $${\mathbb {C}}$$
C
. For Lie algebras of type B, C or D we prove that certain irreducible representations, associated to weights characterized in a combinatorial way, appear as irreducible components of $$\Lambda \mathfrak {g}$$

Λ
g

. Moreover, we propose an analogue of a conjecture of Kostant, about irreducibles appearing in the exterior algebra of the little adjoint representation. Finally, we give some closed expressions, in type B, C and D, for generalized exponents of small representations that are fundamental representations and we propose a generalization of some results of De Concini, Möseneder Frajria, Procesi and Papi about the module of special covariants of adjoint and little adjoint type.
Hives but no urticaria—what could it be?
Authors: Sulk Mathias , Albers Carolin C. , Wulf Maria , Braun Stephan A. , Hammers Christoph M. , Heine Guido 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUrticaria is a common inflammatory dermatosis characterized by transient, usually intensely itching wheals mediated by mast cells. Urticarial lesions can also be mimicked by other skin diseases. Differential diagnoses of urticaria should be considered if the single urticarial skin lesion persists for more than 24 h, if hyperpigmentation, scaling, or blistering occurs, if the lesions are not itching, or if fever or arthralgias are reported. In these cases, histologic examination and thorough serologic diagnostic may help to differentiate other dermatoses, such as vasculitis, autoimmune bullous skin diseases, drug reactions, or autoinflammatory syndromes. This article summarizes common differential diagnoses of urticaria.
Paul and the Resurrection of Israel
Authors: Staples Jason A. 
Published: November 2023

The gospel promoted by Paul has for many generations stirred passionate debate. That gospel proclaimed equal salvific access to Jews and gentiles alike. But on what basis? In making sense of such a remarkable step forward in religious history, Jason Staples reexamines texts that have proven thoroughly resistant to easy comprehension. He traces Paul's inclusive theology to a hidden strand of thinking in the earlier story of Israel. Postexilic southern Judah, he argues, did not simply appropriate the identity of the fallen northern kingdom of Israel. Instead, Judah maintained a notion of 'Israel' as referring both to the north and the ongoing reality of a broad, pan-Israelite sensibility to which the descendants of both ancient kingdoms belonged. Paul's concomitant belief was that northern Israel's exile meant assimilation among the nations – effectively a people's death – and that its restoration paradoxically required gentile inclusion to resurrect a greater 'Israel' from the dead.
An Explanation for the Metric Dependence of the Midlatitude Jet‐Waviness Change in Response to Polar Warming
Authors: Geen Ruth , Thomson Stephen I. , Screen James A. , Blackport Russell , Lewis Neil T. , Mudhar Regan , Seviour William J. M. , Vallis Geoffrey K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArctic amplification has been proposed to promote temperature extremes by slowing the midlatitude jet and increasing the amplitude of its meanders. Observational and modeling studies have used a variety of metrics to quantify jet waviness. These studies show conflicting changes in jet waviness depending on the metric used and period examined. Here, we evaluate common metrics for dry idealized model simulations in which we apply polar warming of varying depth and meridional extent. In all simulations, polar warming increases the spatial extent of jet meanders, but reduces the magnitudes of ridges and troughs within the wave. As a result, geometric and anomaly‐amplitude measures of jet waviness can yield opposing responses. This contrast between metrics is particularly evident when warming extends into the midlatitudes. In all simulations, midlatitude temperature anomalies weaken as the poles warm, suggesting that a wavier jet need not imply stronger temperature extremes.
Capturing the Onset of Mountain Snowmelt Runoff Using Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar
Authors: Gagliano Eric , Shean David , Henderson Scott , Vanderwilt Seth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe timing of snowmelt runoff is critical for water resource applications, but its spatiotemporal evolution remains poorly understood. We present a scalable approach to map snowmelt runoff onset using Sentinel‐1 synthetic aperture radar data for the past 8 years with 10 m spatial resolution and a median temporal resolution of 3.9 days. A systematic analysis of stratovolcanoes in the Western United States showed that snowmelt runoff onset is strongly dependent on elevation (r = 0.81), with a median runoff onset lapse rate of 4.9 days per 100 m of elevation gain. During the 2015 snow drought, we observed snowmelt runoff onset 25 days early relative to the 2015–2022 median. We document a median shift in snowmelt runoff onset of +2.0 days later in the year per year between 2016 and 2022. Our open‐source tools can be used to create snowmelt runoff onset maps anywhere on Earth.
Seasonal and Elevational Variability in Dwarf Birch VOC Emissions in Greenlandic Tundra
Authors: Rieksta Jolanta , Li Tao , Davie‐Martin Cleo L. , Simin Tihomir , Brogaard Aeppli Laurids Christian , Høye Toke Thomas , Rasmussen Morten Arendt , Rinnan Riikka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRising temperatures amplify biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from Arctic vegetation, causing feedbacks to the climate system. Changes in climate also alter plant physiology and vegetation composition, all of which can influence VOC emissions. Moreover, leaf development and biotic stresses cause highly variable emissions during the growing season. Therefore, linking VOC emissions with plant traits and tracking responses to climate change might provide better understanding of VOC emission regulation under future conditions. We measured VOC emissions and other plant traits in dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa) at two elevations in Narsarsuaq, South Greenland. The measurements were performed in warming experiments that have run since 2016. We collected VOCs using the branch enclosure method from early June until late July 2019 (n = 200). Emissions of green leaf volatiles (GLVs), oxygenated monoterpenes (oMTs), and homoterpenes followed a seasonal trend. VOC emission rates and the diversity of the VOC blend decreased at the end of the measurement period. Differences in VOC emission rates between elevations were pronounced early in the season. Majority of the traits did not explain the variation in VOC emissions. We show strong seasonal variability in VOC emissions within the growing season, which is likely driven by leaf phenology. While the diversity of VOCs was greater at the milder low‐elevation site, VOC emission rates were higher or similar at the harsher high‐elevation site, showing stronger VOC emission potentials than previously assumed. Seasonal variations in the emissions of VOCs are crucial for accurate predictions of current and future VOC emissions from arctic ecosystems.
MAP kinase ERK5 modulates cancer cell sensitivity to extrinsic apoptosis induced by death-receptor agonists
Authors: Espinosa-Gil Sergio , Ivanova Saska , Alari-Pahissa Elisenda , Denizli Melek , Villafranca-Magdalena Beatriz , Viñas-Casas Maria , Bolinaga-Ayala Idoia , Gámez-García Andrés , Faundez-Vidiella Claudia , Colas Eva , Lopez-Botet Miguel , Zorzano Antonio , Lizcano José Miguel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDeath receptor ligand TRAIL is a promising cancer therapy due to its ability to selectively trigger extrinsic apoptosis in cancer cells. However, TRAIL–based therapies in humans have shown limitations, mainly due inherent or acquired resistance of tumor cells. To address this issue, current efforts are focussed on dissecting the intracellular signaling pathways involved in resistance to TRAIL, to identify strategies that sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity. In this work, we describe the oncogenic MEK5-ERK5 pathway as a critical regulator of cancer cell resistance to the apoptosis induced by death receptor ligands. Using 2D and 3D cell cultures and transcriptomic analyses, we show that ERK5 controls the proteostasis of TP53INP2, a protein necessary for full activation of caspase-8 in response to TNFα, FasL or TRAIL. Mechanistically, ERK5 phosphorylates and induces ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TP53INP2, resulting in cancer cell resistance to TRAIL. Concordantly, ERK5 inhibition or genetic deletion, by stabilizing TP53INP2, sensitizes cancer cells to the apoptosis induced by recombinant TRAIL and TRAIL/FasL expressed by Natural Killer cells. The MEK5-ERK5 pathway regulates cancer cell proliferation and survival, and ERK5 inhibitors have shown anticancer activity in preclinical models of solid tumors. Using endometrial cancer patient-derived xenograft organoids, we propose ERK5 inhibition as an effective strategy to sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-based therapies.