bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Semaphorin‐3A and its receptors in endochondral ossification: Potential role in skeletal development and innervation
Authors: Gomez C. , Burt‐Pichat B. , Mallein‐Gerin F. , Merle B. , Delmas P.D. , Skerry T.M. , Vico L. , Malaval L. , Chenu C. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractBone tissue is densely innervated, and there is increasing evidence for a neural control of bone metabolism. Semaphorin‐3A is a very important regulator of neuronal targeting in the peripheral nervous system as well as in angiogenesis, and knockout of the Semaphorin‐3A gene induces abnormal bone and cartilage development. We analyzed the spatial and temporal expression patterns of Semaphorin‐3A signaling molecules during endochondral ossification, in parallel with the establishment of innervation. We show that osteoblasts and chondrocytes differentiated in vitro express most members of the Semaphorin‐3A signaling system (Semaphorin‐3A, Neuropilin‐1, and Plexins‐A1 and ‐A2). In vitro, osteoclasts express most receptor chains but not the ligand. In situ, these molecules are all expressed in the periosteum and by resting, prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in ossification centers before the onset of neurovascular invasion. They are detected later in osteoblasts and also osteoclasts, with differences in intensity and regional distribution. Semaphorin‐3A and Neuropilin‐1 are also expressed in the bone marrow. Plexin‐A3 is not expressed by bone cell lineages in vitro. It is detected early in the periosteum and hypertrophic chondrocytes. After the onset of ossification, this chain is restricted to a network of cell processes in close vicinity to the cells lining the trabeculae, similar to the pattern observed for neural markers at the same stages. After birth, while the density of innervation decreases, Plexin‐A3 is strongly expressed by blood vessels on the ossification front. In conclusion, Semaphorin‐3A signaling is present in bone and seems to precede or coincide at the temporal but also spatial level with the invasion of bone by blood vessels and nerve fibers. Expression patterns suggest Plexin‐A3/Neuropilin‐1 as a candidate receptor in target cells for the regulation of bone innervation by Semaphorin‐3A. Developmental Dynamics 234:393–403, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hedgehog signaling controls Soma‐Germen interactions during Drosophila ovarian morphogenesis
Authors: Besse Florence , Busson Denise , Pret Anne‐Marie 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe genetic analysis of Drosophila adult oogenesis has provided insights into the molecular mechanisms that control cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and intercellular signaling. However, little is known about the larval and pupal cellular events leading to the formation of the highly organized adult ovary, which is composed of ovarioles each containing germline cells enveloped by specialized somatic cells. We describe here the presence of ovarioles devoid of any germ cells in adult females mutant for fused, which encodes a Hedgehog signal transducing serine/threonine kinase. We show that this phenotype corresponds to a requirement for fused function for the organization of germ cells with respect to ovarian somatic cells during ovariole formation specifically during pupal stages and provide some evidence by means of clonal analysis suggesting that fused function may be necessary in the germline. hedgehog is expressed specifically in somatic terminal filament cells in pupal ovaries, and females bearing hedgehog strong loss‐of‐function mutations also exhibit aberrant germ cell distribution and formation of agametic ovarioles. These results indicate a positive role for Fused in the transduction of somatic Hedgehog signaling instructing ovariole morphogenesis. We also provide evidence for the use of noncanonical Hedgehog signal transducer(s) within germline cells. Developmental Dynamics 234:422–431, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smaller inner ear sensory epithelia in Neurog1 null mice are related to earlier hair cell cycle exit
Authors: Matei V. , Pauley S. , Kaing S. , Rowitch D. , Beisel K.W. , Morris K. , Feng F. , Jones K. , Lee J. , Fritzsch B. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWe investigated whether co‐expression of Neurog1 and Atoh1 in common neurosensory precursors could explain the loss of hair cells in Neurog1 null mice. Analysis of terminal mitosis, using BrdU, supports previous findings regarding timing of exit from cell cycle. Specifically, we show that cell cycle exit occurs in spiral sensory neurons in a base‐to‐apex progression followed by cell cycle exit of hair cells in the organ of Corti in an apex‐to‐base progression, with some overlap of cell cycle exit in the apex for both hair cells and spiral sensory neurons. Hair cells in Neurog1 null mice show cell cycle exit in an apex‐to‐base progression about 1–2 days earlier. Atoh1 is expressed in an apex‐to‐base progression rather then a base‐to‐apex progression as in wildtype littermates. We tested the possible expression of Atoh1 in neurosensory precursors using two Atoh1‐Cre lines. We show Atoh1‐Cre mediated β‐galactosidase expression in delaminating sensory neuron precursors as well as undifferentiated epithelial cells at E11 and E12.5. PCR analysis shows expression of Atoh1 in the otocyst as early as E10.5, prior to any histology‐based detection techniques. Combined, these data suggest that low levels of Atoh1 exist much earlier in precursors of hair cells and sensory neurons, possibly including neurosensory precursors. Analysis of Atoh1‐Cre expression in E18.5 embryos and P31 mice reveal β‐galactosidase stain in all hair cells but also in vestibular and cochlear sensory neurons and some supporting cells. A similar expression of Atoh1‐LacZ exists in postnatal and adult vestibular and cochlear sensory neurons, and Atoh1 expression in vestibular sensory neurons is confirmed with RT‐PCR. We propose that the absence of NEUROG1 protein leads to loss of sensory neuron formation through a phenotypic switch of cycling neurosensory precursors from sensory neuron to hair cell fate. Neurog1 null mice show a truncation of clonal expansion of hair cell precursors through temporally altered terminal mitosis, thereby resulting in smaller sensory epithelia. Developmental Dynamics 234:633–650, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fjx1: A notch‐inducible secreted ligand with specific binding sites in developing mouse embryos and adult brain
Authors: Rock Rebecca , Heinrich Achim C. , Schumacher Nina , Gessler Manfred 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe mouse fjx1 gene was identified as a homologue to the Drosophila gene four‐jointed (fj). Fj encodes a transmembrane type II glycoprotein that is partially secreted. The gene was found to be a downstream target of the Notch signaling pathway in leg segmentation and planar cell polarity processes during eye development of Drosophila. Here, we show that fjx1 is not only conserved in vertebrates, but we also identified the murine fjx1 gene as a direct target of Notch signaling. In addition to the previously described expression of fjx1 in mouse brain, we show here that fjx1 is expressed in the peripheral nervous system, epithelial cells of multiple organs, and during limb development. The protein is processed and secreted as a presumptive ligand. Through the use of an fjx1‐AP fusion protein, we could visualize fjx1 binding sites at complementary locations, supporting the notion that fjx1 may function as a novel signaling molecule. Developmental Dynamics 234:602–612, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of a two‐pore domain K+ channel (TASK‐1) in developing avian and mouse ventricular conduction systems
Authors: Graham Victoria , Zhang Hengtao , Willis Shannon , Creazzo Tony L. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn this study, we report the identification and amino acid sequence of a novel two‐pore domain potassium channel (TASK‐1) in chicken. This protein, cTASK‐1, is highly similar to mouse and human TASK‐1 particularly within the pore regions. We describe the expression profile of both chicken and mouse TASK‐1 in the embryonic heart as the ventricular conduction system develops. The developmental distribution of TASK‐1 is similar in chicken and mouse. Initially, TASK‐1 is expressed throughout the myocardium of the early heart tube. However, as cardiogenesis proceeds, ventricular expression becomes restricted to the trabeculated myocardium and eventually the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers of the mature conduction system. This finding suggests that components of the ventricular conduction system differentiate from TASK‐1–positive myocytes of the early heart tube that retain TASK‐1 expression as they mature. Our results are consistent with a common mechanism for ventricular conduction system development in avians and mammals, despite differences in the anatomy of the mature conduction systems of these organisms. Developmental Dynamics 235:143–151, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subtypes of binge eating disorder based on psychiatric history
Authors: Peterson Carol B. , Miller Kathryn B. , Crow Scott J. , Thuras Paul , Mitchell James E. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObjectiveThis investigation sought to identify subtypes of binge eating disorder (BED) based on history of mood disorder (MOOD) and substance use disorder (SUD).MethodEighty‐four women who met criteria for BED were administered semistructured interviews and completed self‐report questionnaires assessing eating pathology, depressive symptoms, self‐esteem, body dissatisfaction, and personality traits.ResultsThirty‐nine participants (46.4%) had a lifetime history of a SUD and 60 (71.4%) had a lifetime history of a MOOD. The SUD subtype was associated with a greater impulsivity and frequency of binge eating episodes compared with the no SUD subtype. The MOOD subtype participants reported greater distress, more psychopathology, less dietary restraint, lower self‐esteem, more frequent binge eating, higher levels of negative affect, and more frequent trauma and abuse history than the no MOOD subtype.DiscussionThe results of this study indicate that subtypes of BED on the basis of MOOD and SUD may be associated with a more severe variant of the disorder. © 2005 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Linking the flame‐retardant mechanisms of an ethylene‐acrylate copolymer, chalk and silicone elastomer system with its intumescent behaviour
Authors: Hermansson Anna , Hjertberg Thomas , Sultan Bernt‐Åke 
Published: September 2005

AbstractIn this paper the flame‐retardant mechanisms of a flame‐retardant system consisting of ethylene‐acrylate copolymer, chalk and silicone elastomer are linked to its foaming process and to its formation of a final intumescent structure. Thermocouples were placed inside and at the surface of cone calorimeter test specimens in order to measure the temperature at different depths during the formation of the intumescent structure. The temperature and visual observations of the foaming process were then linked to chemical reactions seen with thermogravimetric analysis and also coupled with earlier knowledge of the flame‐retardant mechanism.A correlation is seen between the chemical reactions, the temperature (inside and at the surface of a cone calorimeter test specimen) as measured by thermocouples and visual observations in the intumescent process. Further, the outcome of this study provides useful information for achieving a deeper understanding of the flame‐retardant mechanisms of the ethylene‐acrylate copolymer, chalk and silicone elastomer system. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reading embossed capital letters: An fMRI study in blind and sighted individuals
Authors: Burton H. , McLaren D.G. , Sinclair R.J. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractReading Braille activates visual cortex in blind people [Burton et al., J Neurophysiol 2002;87:589–611; Sadato et al., Nature 1996;380:526–528; Sadato et al., Brain 1998;121:1213–1229]. Because learning Braille requires extensive training, we had sighted and blind people read raised block capital letters to determine whether all groups engage visual cortex similarly when reading by touch. Letters were passively rubbed across the right index finger at 30 mm/s using an MR‐compatible drum stimulator. Age‐matched sighted, early blind (lost sight 0–5 years), and late blind (lost sight >5.5 years) volunteers performed three tasks: stating an identified letter, stating a verb containing an identified letter, and feeling a moving smooth surface. Responses were voiced immediately after the drum stopped moving across the fingertip. All groups showed increased activity in visual areas V1 and V2 during both letter identification tasks. Blind compared to sighted participants showed greater activation increases predominantly in the parafoveal‐peripheral portions of visuotopic areas and posterior parts of BA 20 and 37. Sighted participants showed suppressed activity in most of the same areas except for small positive responses bilaterally in V1, left V5/MT+, and bilaterally in BA 37/20. Blind individuals showed suppression of the language areas in the frontal cortex, while sighted individuals showed slight positive responses. Early blind showed a more extensive distribution of activity in superior temporal sulcal multisensory areas. These results show cross‐modal reorganization of visual cortex and altered response dynamics in nonvisual areas that plausibly reflect mechanisms for adaptive plasticity in blindness. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Online formation of a hierarchical cognitive map for object–place association by theta phase coding
Authors: Sato Naoyuki , Yamaguchi Yoko 
Published: September 2005

AbstractObject–place associative memory, the storage of object and place conjunctions based on a one‐time experience, is hippocampal‐dependent in humans. Theta phase precession, a type of neural dynamics observed in the rat hippocampus, has recently been suggested to serve a role in instantaneous memory formation based on a one‐time experience, while its functional role in associating distinct types of information (object and place information) is unclear. In this study, we hypothesize that theta phase encoding with theta phase precession contributes to the storage of object–place associations. To examine this hypothesis, we propose a neural network model of the corticohippocampal system, including central–peripheral visual pathways and theta phase coding in the hippocampus. Memory storage computer experiments demonstrate that the hippocampal network successfully stores the object–place associations of a one‐time experience. Interestingly, it is also found that a random visual input sequence results in a robust formation of asymmetric connections between objects and scenes instantaneously after a single trial. Furthermore, it is found that scene–object connections and scene–scene connections form a hierarchical network representing the spatial alignment of scenes and objects in the environment. Our findings indicate that the theta phase coding, as observed in the rat hippocampus, can facilitate the online memory storage of complex environments in humans as a hierarchical cognitive map. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing the social behavior of infants: Use of the ADBB Scale and relationship to mother's mood
Authors: Matthey Stephen , Guedeney Antoine , Starakis Nafsica , Barnett Bryanne 
Published: September 2005

AbstractInfants can show a range of social behavior when interacting with their main caregiver. Previous work has demonstrated that when the caregiver is depressed, the infant may demonstrate withdrawn behavior not only to this person but also to others. This pilot study used a relatively new assessment tool, the Alarme Distress de Bebe Scale (ADBB; Guedeney and Fermanian, 2001), to assess the social behavior of 44 infants during a routine physical checkup. Results indicated that withdrawn infant social behavior to the clinician was related to the mother's report of whether she had felt more irritable, sad, anxious, or depressed since the birth, but not to her current mood as rated by her score on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Cox, Holden & Sagovsky, 1987). The psychometric properties of the ADBB also were explored. The findings are further evidence for the need to screen for mood difficulties in women with infants not just by focusing on a woman's current mood but also her mood since the infant's birth.
Prenatal diagnosis and management of intrauterine growth restriction: A long‐term prospective study on outcome and maternal stress
Authors: Geva R. , Eshel R. , Leitner Y. , Fattal‐Valevski A. , Harel S. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis study examines long‐term effects of antenatal management of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on developmental outcome and on maternal coping using a prospective cross‐sectional design. Sixty‐nine families were evaluated using psychological testing and risk questionnaires. The effects of timing of diagnosis (prenatal/perinatal) and of pregnancy management [induction of labor (IL)/conservative management (CM)/none, i.e., diagnosed‐at‐birth (DaB)] on maternal stress were tested at 6 years' postbirth. In general, prenatal management protocols of IUGR were efficient in preventing major disabilities; however, 49% of the variance in maternal stress at 6 years' postbirth could be attributed to the child's presenting behavior and to pregnancy management of IUGR condition. Mothers who received CM treatment reported being more stressed by their child's poor emotional adjustment (ps < .01–.002) and distractibility (p < .029), and to have more difficulty in accepting them (p < .01). Prenatal psychological consultation to better handle stress for parents whose fetus is diagnosed with IUGR is recommended, particularly when pregnancy is managed conservatively and familial–educational resources are low.
Influence of infant and child facial cues of low body weight on adults' ratings of adoption preference, cuteness, and health
Authors: Volk Anthony A. , Lukjanczuk Janeen M. , Quinsey Vernon L. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractInfant and child facial cues have been shown to influence decisions and perceptions associated with parental care in adults. Low body weight reflects health problems in infants and children; therefore, facial cues associated with low body weight may influence adult cognitive processes associated with parental care and investment. Facial images of infants and children were digitally manipulated to simulate cues of low body weight and presented to adults using a hypothetical adoption paradigm. Participants' ratings of adoption preference, cuteness, and health were significantly lower for the digitally manipulated low body weight facial images than their unaltered counterparts. These findings support the hypothesis that facial cues of poor health negatively influence adults' responses to infants and children.
The reliability of the ICD‐10 and the DC 0–3 in an epidemiological sample of children 1½ years of age
Authors: Skovgaard A.M. , Houmann T. , Christiansen E. , Andreasen A.H. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe aims of this study were to investigate the reliability of ICD‐10 and DC 0–3 in the diagnostic classification of mental health problems in 1½ ‐year‐old children from the general population. The reliability study was conducted as a part of an epidemiological survey of psychopathology in 1½ ‐year‐old children from the general population. In this survey, the children were assessed and diagnosed according to the ICD‐10 and the DC 0–3 after a 2‐hr session including standardized and clinical methods and videorecordings. The case records and video material of 18 children were rediagnosed by the three child psychiatrists, who had diagnosed children in the epidemiological survey. In general, the reliability in diagnostic classification of mental health problems in 1½‐year‐old children was improved with the DC 0–3 compared to the ICD‐10. In the classification of psychopathology at Axis I, the interrater reliability and test‐retest reliability kappas were 0.66 and 0.57, respectively, with the ICD‐10, and 0.72 and 0.74, respectively, with the DC 0–3. The reliability of the classification of relationship disturbances at Axis II with the DC 0–3 was high, corresponding to κ = 1. A high agreement among raters in the differentiation between psychopathology and normal variations was found. Given experienced clinicians and standardized assessment methods, it is possible to reliably identify and diagnose psychopathology in 1½‐year‐old children from the general population.
Theoretical studies on nonlinear optical properties of formaldehyde oligomers by ab initio and density functional theory methods
Authors: Wu Hui‐Yin , Chaudhari Ajay , Lee Shyi‐Long 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe first and second hyperpolarizability β and γ are obtained for formaldehyde oligomers (H2CO)n (n = 1–7) using computational methods. We have used the finite field (FF) approach and hyperpolarizability density analysis (HDA) to predict the microscopic first and second nonlinear hyperpolarizability of the formaldehyde oligomers. The spatial contributions of electrons to the hyperpolarizability by using plots of HDA are presented. It has been found from the numerical stability checking of the hyperpolarizability calculations that the calculated values by FF method are more stable than those by HDA approach. The values of β are zero when n is even as the molecule possesses centrosymmetry, and when n is odd, the differences among β values are not clear. The γ values are increased with increase in n. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 1543–1564, 2005
DNA synthesis during the development of the chick cornea
Authors: Nuttall Robert P. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe frequency and pattern of DNA synthesis were analysed autoradiographically in the developing chick cornea. Each cellular population was studied in time‐sequence fashion from the time of its appearance until hatching.There is a sharp drop in the synthetic index (number of labeled cells/total number of cells) in the anterior corneal epithelium soon after its formation, corresponding in time to the secretion of extracellular matrix material by this tissue. A similar decrease does not occur in adjacent tissues. Continuous labeling experiments show that about 20% of the corneal cells are not in the proliferative pool at this time while 100% of the cells in the underlying lens epithelium and the surrounding head epidermis and head mesenchyme are labeled. Cell cycle measurements indicate that the proliferative kinetics of both the corneal epithelium and the head epidermis are similar at this time even though the percentage of labeled cells in each region differs.The formation of the corneal endothelium and the movement of fibroblasts into the stromal region are events which involve extensive cellular migration. Labeled cells are observed at all stages of both endothelial and stromal fibroblast migration, indicating that DNA synthesis occurs during the course of cellular migration in the developing cornea.