bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortical structural changes of morphometric similarity network in early-onset schizophrenia correlate with specific transcriptional expression patterns
Authors: Yao Guanqun , Zou Ting , Luo Jing , Hu Shuang , Yang Langxiong , Li Jing , Li Xinrong , Zhang Yuqi , Feng Kun , Xu Yong , Liu Pozi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical subtypes among early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) patients by exploring the association between structural alterations and molecular mechanisms using a combined analysis of morphometric similarity network (MSN) changes and specific transcriptional expression patterns.

Methods
We recruited 206 subjects aged 7 to 17 years, including 100 EOS patients and 106 healthy controls (HC). Heterogeneity through discriminant analysis (HYDRA) was used to identify the EOS subtypes within the MSN strength. The differences in morphometric similarity between each EOS subtype and HC were compared. Furthermore, we examined the link between morphometric changes and brain-wide gene expression in different EOS subtypes using partial least squares regression (PLS) weight mapping, evaluated genetic commonalities with psychiatric disorders, identified functional enrichments of PLS-weighted genes, and assessed cellular transcriptional signatures.

Results
Two distinct MSN-based EOS subtypes were identified, each exhibiting different abnormal MSN strength and cognitive functions compared to HC. The PLS1 score mapping demonstrated anterior–posterior gradients of gene expression in EOS1, whereas inverse distributions were observed in EOS2 cohorts. Genetic commonalities were identified in autistic disorder and adult schizophrenia with EOS1 and inflammatory bowel diseases with EOS2 cohorts. The EOS1 PLS1- genes (Z < -5) were significantly enriched in synaptic signaling-related functions, whereas EOS2 demonstrated enrichments in virtual infection-related pathways. Furthermore, the majority of observed associations with EOS1-specific MSN strength differences contributed to specific transcriptional changes in astrocytes and neurons.

Conclusions
The findings of this study provide a comprehensive analysis of neuroanatomical subtypes in EOS, shedding light on the intricate relationships between macrostructural and molecular aspects of the EOS disease.
Significant CircRNAs in liver cancer stem cell exosomes: mediator of malignant propagation in liver cancer?
Authors: Han Tao , Chen Lujun , Li Kerui , Hu Qilin , Zhang Yue , You Xuan , Han Lei , Chen Tingsong , Li Kai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide, presents a significant global healthcare challenge. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which can influence neighboring non-CSCs, are believed to play a crucial role in tumor growth and resistance to treatment, but the specific mechanisms and mediators are not fully understood. Regulation of the CSC state is considered an ideal therapeutic strategy both in the early stages of tumor formation and within established tumors. Exosomes have emerged as key players in intercellular communication, similar to classical hormone signaling, and are essential for facilitating communication between cells in liver cancer. Here, by coupling immunomagnetic bead sorting and exosomal sequencing, we found that exosome-derived circRNAs enriched in liver cancer CSCs were the key subsets with stemness characteristics and ultimately promoted HCC development. Of interest, we found that circ-ZEB1 and circ-AFAP1 are strongly correlated with liver cancer stemness and a poor prognosis, and can regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Our novel exosome-derived circRNAs play a vital role as key components of various intercellular crosstalk and communication systems in malignant transmission. This finding not only provides valuable support for utilizing plasma exosomal circRNAs as clinical prognostic indicators for HCC patients but also highlights a new research direction in exploring the signaling between liver CSCs and the messenger molecules contained within exosomes.
A missense mutant of ocrl1 promotes apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells and disrupts endocytosis and the cell cycle of podocytes in Dent-2 Disease
Authors: Huang Limin , Zhang Yingying , Fu Haidong , Gu Weizhong , Mao Jianhua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to identify anorcl1mutation in a patient with Dent-2 Disease and investigate the underlying mechanisms.MethodsTheocrl1mutation was identified through exome sequencing. Knockdown oforcl1and overexpression of theorcl1mutant were performed in HK-2 and MPC5 cells to study its function, while flow cytometry measured reactive oxygen species (ROS), phosphatidylserine levels, and cell apoptosis. Scanning electron microscopy observed crystal adhesion, while transmission electron microscopy examined kidney tissue pathology. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to examine endocytosis, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence assays detected protein expression. Additionally, podocyte-specificorcl1knockout mice were generated to investigate the role oforcl1in vivo.ResultsWe identified a mutation resulting in the replacement of Histidine with Arginine at position 318 (R318H) inocrl1in the proband.orcl1was widely expressed in the kidney. In vitro experiments showed that knockdown oforcl1and overexpression ofocrl1mutant increased ROS, phosphatidylserine exocytosis, crystal adhesion, and cell apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Knockdown oforcl1in podocytes reduced endocytosis and disrupted the cell cycle while increasing cell migration. In vivo studies in mice showed that conditional deletion oforcl1in podocytes caused glomerular dysfunction, including proteinuria and fibrosis.ConclusionThis study identified an R318H mutation inorcl1in a patient with Dent-2 Disease. This mutation may contribute to renal injury by promoting ROS production and inducing cell apoptosis in tubular cells, while disrupting endocytosis and the cell cycle, and promoting cell migration of podocytes.
The association of highly processed food consumption with food choice values and food literacy in Japanese adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Shinozaki Nana , Murakami Kentaro , Yuan Xiaoyi , Tajima Ryoko , Matsumoto Mai , Asakura Keiko , Masayasu Shizuko , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Highly processed food (HPF) consumption is increasing globally and has become a prominent public health concern. However, the relationship between HPF consumption and food choice values and food literacy is unknown. This study aimed to examine the association of HPF consumption with food choice values and food literacy.

Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from a nationwide questionnaire survey conducted in 2018 among 2232 Japanese adults aged 18–80 years. We assessed eight food choice values (accessibility, convenience, health/weight control, tradition, sensory appeal, organic, comfort, and safety) using a 25-item scale, and food literacy characterised by nutrition knowledge (using a validated 143-item questionnaire), cooking and food skills (using 14- and 19-item scales, respectively), and eight eating behaviours (hunger, food responsiveness, emotional overeating, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness, emotional undereating, food fussiness, and slowness in eating, using the 35-item Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire). HPF consumption was estimated using a validated brief diet history questionnaire. The associations between HPF consumption and age, body mass index, energy intake, and each score on food choice values and food literacy were evaluated by multiple linear regression.

Results
In males, one standard deviation increase in scores for cooking skill and satiety responsiveness was associated with an increase in HPF consumption by 22.1 g/4184 kJ (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.6 to 37.5) and 15.4 g/4184 kJ (95% CI: 6.0 to 24.7), respectively. In females, one standard deviation increase in age and scores for safety and nutrition knowledge corresponded to a decrease in HPF consumption by − 16.4 g/4184 kJ (95% CI: − 23.4 to − 9.3), − 9.9 g/4184 kJ (95% CI: − 19.1 to − 0.7), and − 11.1 g/4184 kJ (95% CI: − 17.0 to − 5.3), whereas one standard deviation increase in the satiety responsiveness score corresponded to an increase in HPF consumption by 13.1 g/4184 kJ (95% CI: 6.8 to 19.4).

Conclusions
This cross-sectional study suggests that several aspects of food choice values and food literacy were associated with HPF consumption in Japanese adults. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings in a broader context.
Sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in 77 districts of Uganda
Authors: Kimuli Derrick , Nakaggwa Florence , Namuwenge Norah , Nsubuga Rebecca N. , Isabirye Paul , Kasule Kenneth , Katwesige Justine Fay , Nyakwezi Sheila , Sevume Solome , Mubiru Norbert , Amuron Barbara , Bukenya Daraus 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Uganda surpasses many African nations and the global average in exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates. Yet, malnutrition is a critical issue, with stunting impacting roughly 29% of children under 5 years. Enhancing EBF could mitigate such nutritional challenges. This study focused on determining the current EBF prevalence and identifying associated factors across 77 surveyed districts.

Methods
Pooled data from the Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) surveys conducted in 77 districts in Uganda during 2021 and 2022 were analyzed. The analysis involved 7,210 mothers of children under 6 months, EBF was considered as the proportion of infants who received breast milk only in the 24 hours before the survey. A mother practicing EBF was (1) currently breastfeeding (2) had not started giving foods other than breastmilk (3) had not given any other probed liquids or (4) semi-solid foods the previous day or night. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with EBF, presenting adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals at a 5% significance level.

Results
The prevalence of EBF was 62.3%. In the adjusted analysis, EBF was more common among older mothers 20–24 years, 25–29 years and 30 + years (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2,1.6), (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1, 1.6) and (aOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1, 1.5) respectively compared to teenage mothers. Also, EBF was more likely among mothers who lived in rural areas compared to urban areas (aOR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0, 1.3) and those who attended antenatal care (ANC) (aOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.5, 3.1). On the contrary, EBF was less common for children aged 3–5 months compared to younger (aOR 0.5; 95% CI 0.5, 0.6) and children who had received Vitamin A supplementation (aOR 0.7; 95% 0.6, 0.8).

Conclusion
The study suggests that most districts in Uganda might not have made significant strides in improving EBF rates over the last twenty years, pointing to possible ongoing hurdles that need urgent attention. Particularly, there’s a pressing need to focus on teenage mothers. Maintaining and strengthening programs that advocate EBF, such as ANC, is crucial to bridge the gaps and bring about more equitable rates among different groups.
Clinical and genetic profiles of chinese pediatric patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Yan Yu , Tang Liting , Wang Xiaoqin , Zhou Kaiyu , Hu Fan , Duan Hongyu , Liu Xiaoliang , Hua Yimin , Wang Chuan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare but lethal cardiac ion channelopathy. Delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis remain a matter of concern due to its rarity and insufficient recognition of this disorder, particularly in developing countries like China.

Aims and methods
We reported six catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) children diagnosed in our center along with a comprehensive review of Chinese pediatric CPVT patients reported in domestic and overseas literature between January 2013 and December 2021 to provide an essential reference for physicians to deepen their understanding of pediatric CPVT.

Results
A total of 95 children with CPVT, including our six patients from 21 medical centers were identified. The median age of symptom onset is 8.7 ± 3.0 years. Diagnosis occurred at a median age of 12.9 ± 6.8 years with a delay of 4.3 ± 6.6 years. Selective beta-blockers (Metoprolol and Bisoprolol) were prescribed for 38 patients (56.7%) and 29 (43.3%) patients received non-selective beta-blocker (Propranolol and Nadolol) treatment. Six patients accepted LCSD and seven received ICD implantation at the subsequent therapy. A total of 13 patients died during the disease course. Of the 67 patients with positive gene test results, variants in RYR2 were 47 (70.1%), CASQ2 were 11 (16.4%), and RYR2 accompanied SCN5A were 7 (10.4%). Patients with CASQ2 gene mutations presented with younger symptom onset age, higher positive family history rate and better prognosis than those with RYR2 mutations.

Conclusion
Chinese pediatric patients with CPVT had a poorer prognosis than other cohorts, probably due to delayed/missed diagnosis, non-standard usage of beta-blockers, unavailability of flecainide, and a lower rate of LCSD and ICD implantation.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of newly diagnosed patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated Burkitt lymphoma: the Central and Western China AIDS lymphoma league 002 study (CALL-002 study)
Authors: Zhao Jinrong , Min Haiyan , Huang Yunhong , Chen Yaokai , Wang Min , Xiao Lirong , Wei Guo , Wu Yan , Liu Yao , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy, the clinical outcomes of HIV-associated Burkitt lymphoma (BL) remain poor.

Methods
To evaluate the clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of HIV-associated BL, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients from multiple centers in China.

Results
The study included 41 patients from 8 medical centers. Among the included population, male patients accounted for 87.8%, with 75.6% in advanced stages. Notably, 46.3% of cases involved bone marrow, while 19.5% involved the central nervous system (CNS). The most commonly used chemotherapy regimen was DA-EPOCH ± R, accounting for 53.6% of cases. The overall response rates for patients receiving DA-EPOCH ± R and R-Hyper-CVAD were 59% and 58.2%, respectively. Interestingly, patients receiving regimens containing rituximab had similar complete remission rates (25% vs. 23.5%) and overall survival time (45.69 ± 11.58 vs. 47.79 ± 11.72 months, P = 0.907) compared to those without rituximab, but differed in progression rates (33.3% vs. 47.1%). For the entire cohort, the 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 52% and 67%, respectively. CNS involvement was independent risk factors for survival, with 1-year PFS and OS rates of 0% and 38% for patients with CNS involvement, and PFS and OS rates of 66% and 75% for patients without CNS involvement.

Conclusions
HIV-associated BL patients in China have poor prognosis and show limited response to current treatment regimens. The absence of CNS involvement significantly improves clinical outcomes. The use of rituximab is not significantly associated with improved outcomes but can reduce disease progression.
A quantitative analysis of human rights-related attitude changes towards people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities following completion of the WHO QualityRights e-training in Ghana
Authors: Poynton-Smith Emma , Orrell Martin , Osei Akwasi , Ohene Sally-Ann , Ansong Joana , Gyimah Leveana , McKenzie Caitlin , Moro Maria Francesca , Drew-Bold Nathalie , Baingana Florence , Carta Mauro Giovanni , Tawiah Priscilla , Brobbey Kwaku , Funk Michelle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite growing recognition of essential human rights, people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities’ rights are known to be frequently violated in mental healthcare worldwide, with common use of coercive practices and limited recognition of people’s right to exercise their legal capacity and make decisions for themselves on treatment and other issues affecting them. To tackle this issue, Ghana adopted the WHO QualityRights Initiative in 2019. This aims to introduce a right-based, person-centred recovery approach within the mental health care system, protecting and promoting the rights of people with mental health conditions, psychosocial, cognitive, and intellectual disabilities in the healthcare context and community.

Methods
E-training (capacity-building) was provided in Ghana across a broad array of stakeholder groups including healthcare professionals, carers, and people with lived experience. The training covered legal capacity, coercion, community inclusion, recovery approach, service environment, and the negative attitudes commonly held by stakeholder groups; it was completed by 17,000 people in Ghana as of December 2021. We assessed the impact of the e-training on attitudes through comparing trainees’ pre- and post-questionnaire responses on 17 items, each measured on a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree), such that higher scores indicated negative attitudes towards persons with mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities as rights holders. Analyses were conducted on two main groups: matched pairs (417 pairs of baseline and follow-up questionnaire responses matched to a high degree of certainty), and the unmatched group (4299 individual completed questionnaire responses).

Results
We assessed the impact of the WHO QualityRights e-training on attitudes: training resulted in highly significant attitude changes towards alignment with human rights, with scores changing by approximately 40% between baseline and follow-up. In particular, attitude changes were seen in items representing treatment choice, legal capacity, and coercion. This change was not affected by age, gender, or background experience.

Conclusions
The QualityRights e-training programme is effective in changing people’s (especially healthcare professionals’) attitudes towards people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities: this is a step towards mental healthcare being more with human rights-based worldwide.
Would you choose to be a psychiatrist again? A large-sample nationwide survey of psychiatrists and psychiatry residents in China
Authors: Gu Mengyue , Zheng Liucheng , Gu Jingyang , Wang Song , Shi Yudong , Jiang Feng , Liu Huanzhong , Tang Yi-lang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The mental health workforce sustainability in China suffers high rates of attrition and the intention to leave. Among current professionals, the intention to choose the same career is an interesting way to gauge their job satisfaction and other factors, and it may affect the career choices of younger generations. We aimed to survey the intention of psychiatrists and psychiatry residents to choose the same career if they could start over and to identify associated factors.

Methods
We conducted an anonymous survey of psychiatrists in 41 tertiary psychiatric hospitals in China. We collected demographic data, work-related information, the sense of professional identity, job satisfaction, and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and we specifically asked each participant whether they would choose to be a psychiatrist again if they could.

Results
Among 3,783 psychiatrists we surveyed, one-quarter responded that they would not choose to be a psychiatrist again if they had a choice, with less than half (47.2%) saying they would. Those who would not choose psychiatry again were more likely to have a negative (relative to positive) professional identity (OR = 7.47, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 4.587–12.164); experience job burnout (OR = 2.945, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 2.356–3.681); be dissatisfied with their job (OR = 2.739, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 2.102–3.569) and excessive regulation (OR = 1.819, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 1.487–2.226); have a heavy workload (OR = 1.749, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 1.423–2.149) or a lower income (OR = 1.748, P＜0.001, 95%CI: 1.415–2.161); be married (relative to single) (OR = 1.604, P = 0.004, 95%CI: 1.165–2.208); be dissatisfied with strained doctor-patient relationship (OR = 1.333, P = 0.005, 95%CI: 1.089–1.632); have more night shifts per month (OR = 1.055, P = 0.021, 95%CI: 1.008–1.104) or work longer hours per week (OR = 1.016, P = 0.001, 95%CI: 1.006–1.025).

Conclusion
Among psychiatrists in tertiary hospitals in China, those with a heavier workload, poor sense of professional identity, job dissatisfaction, and burnout were less likely to choose psychiatry again. Policymakers and hospital administrators need to take effective measures to improve psychiatrists’ sense of professional identity and increase their intention to stay.
Clinical and sociodemographic predictors of inpatient admission after presentation in a psychiatric emergency room: an observational study
Authors: Gisy Gianna L. , Toto Sermin , Bleich Stefan , Maier Hannah B. , Seifert Johanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe admission decision after presentation in the psychiatric emergency room (PER) has potentially far-reaching consequences for the patient and the community. In a short amount of time, information must be collected and evaluated for a well-founded admission decision. The present study aimed to identify risk factors associated with inpatient psychiatric admission (IPA) after previous emergency presentation to the PER.MethodsElectronic patient records for all patients presenting in the PER of Hannover Medical School (MHH) in the year 2022 were retrospectively examined (n = 2580). Out of these, 2387 were included in this study. Two multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for IPA within sociodemographic, circumstantial and clinical variables.Results1300 (54.5%) consultations resulted in IPA. The most significant sociodemographic and circumstantial risk factors for IPA were found to be suicide attempt (depending on method: OR 9.1–17.4), aggressive behavior towards people prior to presentation (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.7–4.8), previous psychiatric treatment (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4–2.3) and transfer from another hospital or medical discipline of MHH as means of presentation (OR 6.3, 95% CI 3.0–13.0). Among psychopathological aspects, suicidal ideation (OR 3.8, 95% CI 2.9–4.9), suicidal intent (OR 116.0, 95% CI 15.9–844.8), disturbance of orientation (OR 3.7, 95% CI 2.5–5.3), delusions (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.6–3.1), visual hallucinations (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.1), hopelessness/despair (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.2) and inhibition of drive (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–2.1) were significantly associated with IPA.ConclusionsThe admission decision is a complex process influenced by a multitude of sociodemographic, circumstantial and clinical factors. A deeper understanding of the decision-making process can be used to improve patient care and facilitate the evaluation process in the PER.