bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound characteristics of breast fibromatosis mimicking carcinoma
Authors: Su Huan‐Zhong , Huang Mei , Li Zhi‐Yong , Tu Jin‐Hua , Hong Long‐Cheng , Zhang Zuo‐Bing , Zhang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo explore the value of ultrasound (US) characteristics in diagnosing breast fibromatosis (BF) and evaluate their differences from breast carcinoma.MethodsA total of 121 patients with BF (n = 24, 29 lesions) or invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (n = 97, 102 lesions) of the breast were included. Their clinical and US findings were recorded and analyzed.ResultsThe mean age of BF was younger than that of IDC (28.75 ± 5.55 vs. 50.19 ± 9.87, p < 0.001). The mean size of the BF was smaller than that of IDC (2.09 ± 0.91 vs. 2.71 ± 1.20, p = 0.011). Compared to IDC, BF had more frequency of posterior echo attenuation (p < 0.001), less frequency of peripheral hyperechoic halo (p = 0.002), calcification (p = 0.001), US reported axillary lymph node positive (p = 0.025), and grade 2–3 vascularity (p < 0.001). The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categorized BF at a lower level than IDC (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, the peripheral hyperechoic halo, posterior echo feature, and vascularity could independently identify the differences between these two entities.ConclusionSome differences were observed between BF and IDC in terms of patient age, lesion size, and US characteristics.
Expanding on cross‐price elasticity: Understanding tobacco product demand and substitution from the cross‐price purchase task
Authors: Bono Rose S. , White Augustus M. , Hoetger Cosima , Lipato Thokozeni , Bickel Warren K. , Cobb Caroline O. , Barnes Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe examine whether cigarettes serve as substitutes for electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among ENDS users and demonstrate methodological extensions of data from a cross‐price purchase task to inform policies and interventions. During a clinical laboratory study, n = 19 exclusive ENDS users and n = 17 dual cigarette/ENDS users completed a cross‐price purchase task with cigarettes available at a fixed price while prices of own‐brand ENDS increased. We estimated cross‐price elasticity using linear models to examine substitutability. We defined five additional outcomes: nonzero cross‐price intensity (purchasing cigarettes if ENDS were free), constant null demand (not purchasing cigarettes at any ENDS price), cross‐product crossover point (first price where participants purchased more cigarettes than ENDS), dual‐demand score (percentage of prices where both products were purchased), and dual‐use break point (minimum relative price to force complete substitution). The cross‐price elasticity results indicated that cigarettes could serve as substitutes for ENDS among ENDS users on average, but this average effect masked substantial heterogeneity in profiles of demand (here, a measure of the drug's reinforcement potential). Policies and regulations that increase ENDS prices appear unlikely to steer most exclusive ENDS users toward cigarette use, as most would not purchase cigarettes at any ENDS price, but they could prompt some dual users to substitute cigarettes completely while others remain dual users. This heterogeneity in consumer responses suggests additional indices of cross‐product demand are useful to characterize the anticipated and unanticipated effects of tobacco price policies more fully.
The breadth of the neutralizing antibody response to original SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is linked to the presence of Long COVID symptoms
Authors: Buck Amanda M. , Deitchman Amelia N. , Takahashi Saki , Lu Scott , Goldberg Sarah A. , Bodansky Aaron , Kung Andrew , Hoh Rebecca , Williams Meghann C. , Kerbleski Marian , Maison David P. , Deveau Tyler‐Marie , Munter Sadie E. , Lombardo James , Wrin Terri , Petropoulos Christos J. , Durstenfeld Matthew S. , Hsue Priscilla Y. , Kelly J. Daniel , Greenhouse Bryan , Martin Jeffrey N. , Deeks Steven G. , Peluso Michael J. , Henrich Timothy J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe associations between longitudinal dynamics and the breadth of SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) response with various Long COVID phenotypes before vaccination are not known. The capacity of antibodies to cross‐neutralize a variety of viral variants may be associated with ongoing pathology and persistent symptoms. We measured longitudinal neutralizing and cross‐neutralizing antibody responses to pre‐ and post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variants in participants infected early in the COVID‐19 pandemic, before widespread rollout of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines. Cross‐sectional regression models adjusted for clinical covariates and longitudinal mixed‐effects models were used to determine the impact of the breadth and rate of decay of neutralizing responses on the development of Long COVID symptoms, as well as Long COVID phenotypes. We identified several novel relationships between SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody neutralization and the presence of Long COVID symptoms. Specifically, we show that, although nAb responses to the original, infecting strain of SARS‐CoV‐2 were not associated with Long COVID in cross‐sectional analyses, cross‐neutralization ID50 levels to the Omicron BA.5 variant approximately 4 months following acute infection was independently and significantly associated with greater odds of Long COVID and with persistent gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms. Longitudinal modeling demonstrated significant associations in the overall levels and rates of decay of neutralization capacity with Long COVID phenotypes. A higher proportion of participants had antibodies capable of neutralizing Omicron BA.5 compared with BA.1 or XBB.1.5 variants. Our findings suggest that relationships between various immune responses and Long COVID are likely complex but may involve the breadth of antibody neutralization responses.
Gene expression of Postn and FGF7 in canine chordae tendineae and their effects on flexor tenocyte biology
Authors: Ren Ye , Wan Rou , Zhao Gongyin , Kuroiwa Tomoyuki , Moran Steven L. , Gingery Anne , Zhao Chunfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChordae tendineae, referred to as heart tendinous cords, act as tendons connecting the papillary muscles to the valves in the heart. Their role is analogous to tendons in the musculoskeletal system. Despite being exposed to millions of cyclic tensile stretches over a human's lifetime, chordae tendineae rarely suffer from overuse injuries. On the other hand, musculoskeletal tendinopathy is very common and remains challenging in clinical treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism behind the remarkable durability and resistance to overuse injuries of chordae tendineae, as well as to explore their effects on flexor tenocyte biology. The messenger RNA expression profiles of chordae tendineae were analyzed using RNA sequencing and verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, we found that periostin (Postn) and fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) were expressed at significantly higher levels in chordae tendineae, compared to flexor tendons. We further treated flexor tenocytes in vitro with periostin and FGF7 to examine their effects on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and tendon‐related gene expression of flexor tenocytes. The results displayed enhanced cell proliferation ability at an early stage and an antiapoptotic effect on tenocytes, while treated with periostin and/or FGF7 proteins. Furthermore, there was a trend of promoted tenocyte migration capability. These findings indicated that Postn and FGF7 may represent novel cytokines to target flexor tendon healing. Clinical significance: The preliminary discovery leads to a novel idea for treating tendinopathy in the musculoskeletal system using specific molecules identified from chordae tendineae.
Association between sequelae of COVID‐19 with periodontal disease and obesity: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Casarin Maísa , Silva Francisco Hecktheuer , Pontes Ana Flávia Leite , Lima Betina Dutra , Pirih Flavia Q. , Muniz Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and associated factors, such as obesity and periodontitis in adults.MethodsThe study included 128 individuals aged ≥35 years with a history of a diagnosis of COVID‐19 through real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), from Pelotas, Brazil. Self‐report sequelae from COVID‐19 were defined as the primary outcome. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, medical, behavioral and self‐report of sequelae of COVID‐19 was applied. A complete periodontal clinical examination was performed. Weight and height were assessed. Uni‐, bi‐ and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. Additional analyses were performed considering obesity as a subgroup.ResultsWhen considering the whole sample, no statistically significant associations between sequelae of COVID‐19 with periodontitis (prevalence ratio [PR]:1.14;95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.80–1.61) and obesity (0.93 [0.68–1.26]) were identified. In the subgroup analysis, considering only individuals with obesity, those diagnosed with generalized periodontitis had 86% higher probability to have sequelae of COVID‐19 when compared to individuals with periodontal health or localized periodontitis. However, when only those without obesity were considered, no significant association with periodontal status was detected (0.82 [0.55–1.23). No significant association with periodontal status were observed when the severity of sequelae (no sequelae, 1 sequela, and >1 sequela) were considered (p > 0.05).ConclusionsIndividuals diagnosed with obesity and periodontitis have a higher PR of reporting sequelae from COVID‐19 compared to individuals with only obesity.
Association of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with periodontitis in NHANES 2009–2014: A mixtures approach
Authors: Sun Jinqiu , Guo Feifei , Wang Lin , Han Fulei , Yang Jia , Gao Shengli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can invade and cause harm to the human body through various pathways, but there is currently little research on the relationship between mixed‐PAHs exposure and periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mixed‐urinary PAHs exposure on periodontitis in adults in the United States.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study included 2749 subjects selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2014 cycles. A professional examination of the periodontal status was conducted to distinguish between periodontitis and non‐periodontitis based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) case definition. Laboratory testing of urine samples was performed to obtain the levels of urinary PAHs. Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to determine the degree of correlation between urinary PAHs, while weighted binary logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed to evaluate the relationship between urinary PAHs and periodontitis.ResultsIn a single‐exposure model, 3‐hydroxyfluorene (OH‐3F), 2‐hydroxyfluorene (OH‐2F), 1‐hydroxyphenanthrene (OH‐1Ph), and 2‐hydroxyphenanthrene and 3‐hydroxyphenanthrene (OH‐2,3Ph) were positively associated with periodontitis risk. In the mixed‐exposure model, BKMR analysis demonstrated that mixed exposure to urinary PAHs was positively associated with periodontitis, with OH‐2F being the most critical factor for the overall mixed effects (posterior inclusion probability [PIP] = 0.98). Univariate exposure–response function and univariate effects analysis revealed a positive correlation between urinary OH‐2F levels and periodontitis.ConclusionsThe study reveals a significant positive correlation between exposure to mixed PAHs and periodontitis, with a particular emphasis on the pivotal role of OH‐2F. Mitigating PAHs in the environment may serve as a preventive measure against periodontitis and alleviate its global public health burden.
Comparison of perioperative and histopathologic outcomes among neoadjuvant treatment strategies for locoregional gastric cancer
Authors: Janczewski Lauren M. , Logan Charles D. , Vitello Dominic J. , Buchheit Joanna T. , Abad John D. , Bentrem David J. , Chawla Akhil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and chemoradiation (NCRT) have demonstrated improved survival for gastric cancer. However, the optimal neoadjuvant treatment remains unclear. We sought to evaluate perioperative and histopathologic outcomes among neoadjuvant treatments for locoregional gastric cancer.MethodsThe National Cancer Database queried patients who received NAC or NCRT followed by resection for T2‐T4 and/or node‐positive gastric cancer (2006–2018). Logistic and Poisson regression assessed perioperative (30‐day readmission, 30‐ and 90‐day mortality, length of stay [LOS]) and histopathologic outcomes (pathologic complete response [PCR], margin status, and negative pathologic lymph nodes [ypN0]). Kaplan–Meier methods and Cox regression assessed overall survival (OS).ResultsOf 9831 patients, 4221 (42.9%) received NAC and 5610 (57.1%) NCRT. There were no differences in perioperative outcomes, apart from patients treated with NCRT exhibiting increased LOS (incidence rate ratio 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.16). Patients who received NCRT were more likely to achieve PCR, margin‐negative resection, and ypN0 (all p < 0.05). Median OS was 36.8 months for NAC and 33.6 months for NCRT (p < 0.001). NCRT independently predicted worse OS (vs. NAC, hazard ratio 1.10, 95% CI 1.03–1.18).ConclusionNCRT was associated with better histologic tumor response although NAC was associated with improved OS. Better understanding prognostication through histologic assessment following neoadjuvant therapy is needed.
Poroelastic response of unsaturated soils to cyclic loads with arbitrary waveforms
Authors: Lo WeiCheng , Borja Ronaldo I. , Chao Nan‐Chieh , Liu Yu‐Cheng , Lee Jhe‐Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe develop an analytical solution to the problem of one‐dimensional consolidation of unsaturated soil subjected to cyclic loads with arbitrary waveforms. The solution predicts the excess pore water and pore air pressures and the accompanying vertical compression in a poroelastic, unsaturated soil material. Cyclic loading occurs in a variety of engineering applications and often generates higher excess pore fluid pressures and larger vertical compression than does a time‐invariant load. In the present study, the loading function is allowed to take on any arbitrary waveform represented by a Fourier trigonometric series. Analytical solution to the boundary‐value problem in one dimension is given in closed form describing the frequency‐independent and frequency‐dependent components of the poroelastic response. We verify the analytical solution through representative examples involving cyclic loads with square and triangular patterns. Apart from the shape of the forcing function, we also investigate the effects of initial water saturation, soil texture, and excitation frequency on the system response.
Efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg according to antidepressant use at baseline: A post hoc subgroup analysis
Authors: Kushner Robert F. , Fink‐Jensen Anders , Frenkel Ofir , McGowan Barbara , Goldman Bryan , Overvad Maria , Wadden Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of semaglutide 2.4 mg in people with overweight/obesity who were also being treated with antidepressants (ADs).MethodsAcross the Semaglutide Treatment Effect for People with obesity (STEP) 1–3 and 5 trials, adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2 only) were enrolled. People with severe major depressive disorder within 2 years prior to screening or with a patient health questionnaire‐9 score ≥15 at screening were excluded. Participants were categorized into subgroups according to baseline AD status (on/off ADs) in this post hoc exploratory analysis of the STEP trials.ResultsOf 3683 participants randomized, 539 were on ADs at baseline. Mean body weight change from baseline to week 68 was greater for semaglutide versus placebo, regardless of baseline AD use. In STEP 1, for participants on ADs at baseline, mean change from baseline was −15.7% with semaglutide versus −0.2% with placebo and −14.7% versus −2.8% for those not on ADs at baseline. Similar patterns were seen in STEP 2, 3, and 5. The prevalence of adverse events (AEs) was generally similar between semaglutide and placebo in participants on ADs at baseline.ConclusionsIn adults with overweight/obesity, semaglutide provided clinically meaningful weight loss regardless of baseline AD use, with an AE profile consistent with previous studies.
Late effects in survivors of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Authors: McGlynn Mary Claire , Brady Kassidy , Healey Jessica M. , Dharnidharka Vikas R. , Ybarra A. Marion , Stoll Janis , Sweet Stuart , Hayashi Robert J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) varies, with only some patients receiving chemotherapy. Concern for chemotherapy toxicities may influence treatment decisions as little is known regarding the late effects (LE) in PTLD survivors. This report characterizes LE in PTLD survivors at our institution.ProcedurePediatric patients (0–18 years old) diagnosed with PTLD from 1990 to 2020 were examined. All patients included survived 6 months after completing chemotherapy or were 6 months from diagnosis if received no chemotherapy. Treatment with anti‐CD20 antibody (rituximab) alone was not considered chemotherapy. Toxicities were classified per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0. Chi‐square tests assessed differences between categorical groups, or Fischer's exact test or the Fischer–Freeman–Halton exact test for limited sample sizes.ResultsOf the 44 patients included, 24 (55%) were treated with chemotherapy. Twenty‐four (55%) were alive at last follow‐up. Chemotherapy was not associated with differences in survival (odds ratio [OR] 1.40, confidence interval [CI]: 0.42–4.63;p = .31). All patients experienced LE. Grade 3 toxicity or higher was experienced by 82% of patients with no difference in incidence (OR 1.20, CI: 0.27–5.80;p > .99) or median toxicity grade (3.00 vs. 4.00,p = .21) between treatment groups. Patients who received chemotherapy were more likely to experience blood and lymphatic toxicity (58% vs. 25%,p = .03) and cardiac toxicity (46% vs. 15%,p = .03), but less likely to have infections (54% vs. 85%,p = .03).ConclusionsSurvivors of PTLD experience LE including late mortality regardless of chemotherapy exposure. Further investigation to better understand LE could optimize upfront therapy for children with PTLD and improve outcomes.
Chemical‐treated sisal fiber reinforcement in red mud composites: Advancing mechanical strength and environmental sustainability
Authors: J. Aravind Kumar , Sankaran Sakthivel , Veerasimman Arumugaprabu , Marimuthu Uthayakumar , Palani Geetha , Rajendran Sundarakannan , Shanmugam Vigneshwaran 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of industrial waste red mud in polymer composites promotes environmental sustainability by mitigating the environmental impacts associated with landfill disposal. Previous research by the authors on red mud sisal fiber composites resulted in increased strength; it is expected that the strength can be increased further through fiber treatment. As a result, the current study sought to examine the effects of chemical‐treated sisal fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of red mud composites. Alkaline treatment and silane treatment were both used as chemical treatment methods. Red mud was added in three different weight percentages, and composites were built using the compression molding method and tested for hardness, tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength. The findings indicate that the strength of the composite increases with the incorporation of treated fibers, silane‐treated 30% red mud composites showed a maximum hardness of around 92 shore D. The tensile strength of the composites containing 20% red mud and treated with silane was the highest, reaching ca. 63 MPa. This significant increase in strength was attributed to the formation of strong interfacial bonding between the red mud, fiber, and matrix. Furthermore, the silane‐treated 20 wt% red mud composites have the highest flexural strength (ca. 244 MPa) and impact strength (ca. 26 J/m). However, increasing the red mud content above 20 wt% resulted in decreased tensile, flexural, and impact strength due to poor bond development, and red mud agglomeration. The findings of this study are beneficial for the design and development of composites based on red mud, as well as for promoting sustainable waste management practices.Highlights
Red mud composites achieve superior mechanical strength.
Chemical treatment enhances sisal fiber reinforcement.
Sustainable waste management promoted through composite utilization.
Strong interfacial bonding improves composite performance.
Multilevel omics for the discovery of biomarkers in pediatric sepsis
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Li Rubo , Qian Suyun , Yu Dan 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTSevere sepsis causes organ dysfunction and continues to be the leading reason for pediatric death worldwide. Early recognition of sepsis could substantially promote precision treatment and reduce the risk of pediatric death. The host cellular response to infection during sepsis between adults and pediatrics could be significantly different. A growing body of studies focused on finding markers in pediatric sepsis in recent years using multi‐omics approaches. This narrative review summarized the progress in studying pediatric sepsis biomarkers from genome, transcript, protein, and metabolite levels according to the omics technique that has been applied for biomarker screening. It is most likely not a single biomarker could work for precision diagnosis of sepsis, but a panel of markers and probably a combination of markers detected at multi‐levels. Importantly, we emphasize the importance of group distinction of infectious agents in sepsis patients for biomarker identification, because the host response to infection of bacteria, virus, or fungus could be substantially different and thus the results of biomarker screening. Further studies on the investigation of sepsis biomarkers that were caused by a specific group of infectious agents should be encouraged in the future, which will better improve the clinical execution of personalized medicine for pediatric sepsis.
Identifying and managing psychosocial problems in children on home invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Özcan Gizem , Çobanoğlu Nazan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHome invasive mechanical ventilation (HIMV) has allowed children with chronic respiratory failure to be discharged from the hospital, giving them a chance to return to their home life which is more natural for children to grow up. Many technological tools necessary for their survival have also caused restrictions in the social lives of these children. Psychosocial problems will be inevitable in this group of patients, who often have to cope with more than one medical problem. Identifying the impact of HIMV on these problems will enable these children to have a better quality of life. While the most objective method used to determine the psychosocial status of these children is quality of life measurement, more studies are needed to determine the ideal questionnaire. This review deals with psychosocial problems on HIMV.