bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of proton NMR couplings in flexible ring systems: application to the stereochemical analysis of synthetic β‐substituted tryptophans
Authors: Augé Franck , Laronze Jean‐Yves , Nuzillard Jean‐Marc 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe stereochemical analysis of synthetic β‐substituted tryptohans was achieved through the study of their conformationally constrained 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline derivatives. The relative configuration of the contiguous asymmetric centers of interest was determined by analysis of the vicinal proton–proton coupling constant values J. Two compounds presenting intermediate J values led to the assessment of both coupling and energy evaluation methods. Energy was found to be adequately calculated by the semi‐empirical AM1 method on a set of lowest energy conformations. The latter were generated by molecular dynamics, based on the empirical force field CFF91. Compounds that led to ambiguous J values were shown to undergo conformational exchange due to steric repulsions between bulky trans‐oriented substituents. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saturated amine oxides: Part 5. Hydroacridines: Part 24.13C NMR chemical shifts of N‐epimeric saturated six‐membered azaheterocyclic amine oxides
Authors: Potmischil Francisc , Cîmpeanu Valentin , Herzog Helmut , Buddrus Joachim , Duddeck Helmut 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe 13C NMR spectra of 22 piperidine‐, tropine‐ and tetradecahydroacridine‐derived saturated amine oxides were measured. The chemical shifts were assigned on the basis of APT and 2D‐INADEQUATE spectra, and are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ulnar neuropathy in the forearm: A possible complication of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Acosta Juan A. , Hoffman Stuart N. , Raynor Elizabeth M. , Nardin Rachel A. , Rutkove Seward B. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractUlnar neuropathy in the forearm is an unusual cause of hand weakness and sensory loss that is most often attributed to compression of the nerve distally within the humero‐ulnar arcade (cubital tunnel). An association with diabetes mellitus, however, has not been reported. We identified four patients with type I diabetes mellitus and clinical findings suggestive of ulnar neuropathy in whom electrophysiologic testing revealed partial conduction block or abnormal temporal dispersion within the forearm segment of the ulnar nerve. Although evidence for a mild underlying polyneuropathy was present in three patients, the ulnar nerve abnormalities were disproportionately severe. In all cases, a Martin‐Grüber anastomosis was excluded. Whether this lesion is due to an increased propensity to focal compression of the ulnar nerve within the humero‐ulnar arcade or whether it represents a localized manifestation of the generalized polyneuropathy remains to be determined. Muscle Nerve 28: 40–45, 2003
Viscous flow in three‐dimensional reconstructed porous media
Authors: Pilotti Marco 
Published: June 2003

AbstractIn a recent paper Masad et al. (Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 2000; 26: 53–74) have shown the possibility of numerically studying fluid flow within two‐dimensional microscopic images of granular materials. In this paper we investigate the possibility of computing the flow field at the pore scale within numerically reconstructed three dimensional porous media, by coupling a physically based sedimentation algorithm for porous media generation and a Lattice Boltzmann Technique for solving Navier equations for the monophasic flow of a newtonian fluid inside the intergranular space. Since the adopted sedimentation algorithm can produce porous media with a controlled level of complexity, we believe that this type of approach provides an ideal numerical laboratory to probe the effect of void space topology and geometry on the flow field. This should allow to understand the fluid‐dynamic implications of processes such as compaction and cementation. After showing that the Lattice Boltzmann Technique is effective in solving Navier equations in porous media also at moderately high Reynolds, where Darcy's flow does not strictly hold anymore, we investigate the distribution of velocity components within porous media of growing complexity, starting from two different periodic arrangements of spheres up to a mixture of log‐normally distributed spheres. We observe that the distribution of velocity components is conditioned by the medium complexity and tends to an exponential pattern. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A hybrid Bayesian back‐propagation neural network approach to multivariate modelling
Authors: Chua C. G. , Goh A. T. C. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThere is growing interest in the use of back‐propagation neural networks to model non‐linear multivariate problems in geotehnical engineering. To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional back‐propagation neural network, such as overfitting, where the neural network learns the spurious details and noise in the training examples, a hybrid back‐propagation algorithm has been developed. The method utilizes the genetic algorithms search technique and the Bayesian neural network methodology. The genetic algorithms enhance the stochastic search to locate the global minima for the neural network model. The Bayesian inference procedures essentially provide better generalization and a statistical approach to deal with data uncertainty in comparison with the conventional back‐propagation. The uncertainty of data can be indicated using error bars. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the convergence and generalization capabilities of this hybrid algorithm. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simplified estimation of seismically induced settlements
Authors: Vincens E. , Labbé P. , Cambou B. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThis paper proposes a predictive expression of settlements for a dry sand deposit overlying a bedrock and subjected to a seismic motion. The proposed formula combines geometrical and mechanical properties of the soil profile with classical characteristics of the input motion. One of the main concepts developed herein consists in regarding the input motion and the dynamical response as samples of random processes; another key concept consists in the common densification curve from Sawicki. The model introduces a parameter k identified by means of an extensive set of accelerograms. The main advantage of the proposed method consists in allowing fast comparisons of earthquake induced settlements for different soil and motion characteristics and therefore quantifying the damage power of a time‐history input motion. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of urinary incontinence after stroke: Results from a prospective population‐based stroke register
Authors: Kolominsky‐Rabas Peter L. , Hilz Max‐Josef , Neundoerfer Bernhard , Heuschmann Peter U. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to investigate, in a community‐based population, the frequency of stroke‐related urinary incontinence (UI) and to analyse the long‐term impact of UI on prognosis and institutional care.MethodsIncluded were 752 acute stroke patients admitted consecutively during a 4‐year period. We evaluated the UI by using the Barthel Index during the first 7 days and at 12‐months follow‐up.ResultsDuring the acute stage, the proportions of patients with full UI, partial UI, and no UI were 41%, 12%, and 47%, respectively (16%, 16%, and 68% at 12‐months follow‐up). A total of 45% of patients with UI at 12 months were institutionalised compared with 5% of patients without UI. In a multivariate logistic regression model, age, urinary incontinence at day 7, and severe disability at 12 months were demonstrated to be independent factors for a higher frequency of institutional care 12 months after stroke.ConclusionsOn admission in the acute stage, more than 50% of an unselected stroke population have UI. The proportion declines to one third of the surviving patients at 12 months. Stroke survivors who are incontinent in the acute stage have an fourfold higher risk to be institutionalised after 1 year. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:322–327, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ascending and descending brainstem neuronal activity during cystometry in decerebrate cats
Authors: Sugaya Kimio , Ogawa Yoshihide , Hatano Tadashi , Nishijima Saori , Matsuyama Kiyoji , Mori Shigemi 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsThis study was undertaken to examine the distribution of pontomedullary neurons related to micturition or urine storage, as well as the connections between the pontine micturition center (PMC), medullary neurons, and the spinal cord.MethodsIn decerebrate cats, extracellular recording of the rostral pontine and rostral medullary neurons was performed. Firing of each neuron was quantitated during cystometry. Connections between the PMC, medullary neurons, and the spinal cord (L1) were also examined electrophysiologically.ResultsNinety‐four neurons showed an increase or decrease of the firing rate during micturition. Units with an antidromic response to L1 stimulation and an increased firing rate were located in the nucleus locus coeruleus alpha (LCa; n = 8) corresponding to the PMC, and in the medial reticular formation (MRF) of the medulla (n = 14). Units showing a decreased firing rate were located in the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (PoO; n = 26) and in the MRF (n = 11). The latencies of antidromic and orthodromic responses of the LCa units were longer than those of the PoO units. MRF neurons responded antidromically and/or orthodromically to stimulation of the PMC or L1.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the pathway concerned with urine storage has a faster spinobulbospinal loop than the micturition reflex pathway and that rostral medullary neurons also play an important role in micturition and urine storage. There may be two descending pathways between the PMC and the spinal cord: both a direct pathway and one by means of medullary neurons. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:343–350, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting urethral area from video‐urodynamics in women with voiding dysfunction
Authors: Rao Soujanya G. , Walter James S. , Jamnia Ali , Wheeler John S. , Damaser Margot S. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsMathematical models are useful for developing predictive parameters for characterizing the biomechanics of voiding dysfunction. The goal of this project was to test a one‐dimensional steady flow model used to predict the minimum cross‐sectional urethral area from urodynamic data.MethodsNine adult female subjects underwent video‐urodynamic testing. By using Bernoulli's formula and the Torricelli theorem, the minimum urethral area was predicted from pressure and flow rate at the moment of maximum flow rate during voiding. This prediction was compared with the minimum cross‐sectional area of the urethra, which was calculated from minimum urethral diameter as measured from fluoroscopy, assuming a circular cross‐section.ResultsThe maximum flow rate during voiding was 14.4 ± 3.0 mL/sec. Mean bladder, abdominal, and detrusor pressures simultaneous with maximum flow rate were 63 ± 7, 29 ± 6, and 33 ± 6 cm H2O, respectively. Mean minimum cross‐sectional area of the urethra from fluoroscopy was 8.0 ± 2.0 mm2. Mean minimum cross‐sectional area of the urethra predicted by the mathematical model was 5.0 ± 1.0 mm2 using bladder pressure and 7.0 ± 2.0 mm2 using detrusor pressure. There were no significant differences between the three cross‐sectional area measures. However, when area predictions were expressed as percentage of fluoroscopic measurements, the estimate from detrusor pressure (97 ± 13%) was significantly larger than the estimate from bladder pressure (69 ± 7%).ConclusionsA steady flow model is accurate enough on average to describe urine flow in the urethra. However, it may not be sufficiently accurate to aid in diagnosis of individuals. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:277–283, 2003. Published 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical and urodynamic features of intrinsic sphincter deficiency
Authors: Pajoncini Cinzia , Costantini Elisabetta , Guercini Federico , Bini Vittorio , Porena Massimo 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsA prospective analysis of 92 patients with genuine stress incontinence was performed to identify the clinical and urodynamic features of intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD).MethodsWe divided the patients into two categories: 50 patients affected by pure ISD as they had severe stress incontinence and no urethral mobility; 42 patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence without ISD as they had mild stress incontinence and marked urethral hypermobility. Cystometry was normal in all patients. The presence/absence of ISD was considered the dependent variable and was correlated against the following independent variables: age, vaginal deliveries, menopause, previous urogynecological surgery and/or hysterectomy, supine stress test, irritative and/or obstructive symptoms, Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP), maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), urethral functional length (UFL), and leakage during cystometry.ResultsThe statistical analysis showed close correlations between ISD and age (P < 0.001), menopausal status (P < 0.001), previous surgery (P < 0.0001), supine stress test (P < 0.0001), leakage during cystometry (P < 0.001), and UFL (P < 0.01). The VLPP was below the cut‐off value (≤60 cm H2O) in 70% of ISD patients (P < 0.0001), whereas the MUCP in 50% of ISD patients (P < 0.0001). Multiple logistic analysis showed that lower VLPP, lower MUCP, and previous surgery correlate more significantly with ISD. After backward conditional stepwise logistic regression, the odds ratio of having ISD were VLPP = 2.3, MUCP = 7.7, VLPP + MUCP = 62.8.ConclusionsISD is related to the presence of a more severe clinical picture and case history, but the most significant independent variables are the VLPP and MUCP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:264–268, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercise therapy supplemented with a health education program to promote long‐term adherence among women with urinary incontinence
Authors: Alewijnse Dianne , Metsemakers Job F.M. , Mesters Ilse E.P.E. , van den Borne Bart 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsA longitudinal randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) therapy supplemented with a health education program to promote long‐term adherence among women with stress, mixed, and urge urinary incontinence (UI).MethodsWomen (n = 129) were evaluated by their general practitioner (GP) and randomized in either the control group (PFME therapy alone) or one of the three experimental groups (PFME therapy with one of the three health education program versions). Therapy consisted of 9–18 individual 30 min sessions with a specialized physiotherapist, over 14–22 weeks. Outcome measures were weekly frequency of wet episodes and adherence behavior. Women were assessed up to 1 year after therapy.ResultsThe health education program had no additional impact to individual contact during PFME therapy on treatment outcome, nor on adherence. However, the individual physiotherapeutic treatment protocol was very effective in reducing weekly frequency of wet episodes from 23 to 8 times a week immediately after therapy, and effects were maintained during the 1‐year follow‐up period. Adherence was very high; most women followed the behavioral advice on average 6 days/week at posttest and still 4–5 days 1 year after therapy. Results were not different between incontinence types. Women who had relatively frequent wet episodes before and 1 year after therapy had higher adherence levels compared to women who had fewer weekly losses.ConclusionsResults suggest that a standardized protocol checklist for physiotherapists covering all treatment aspects of PFME therapy, may optimize long‐term treatment outcome and adherence behavior among patients, and outshines the addition of a health education program. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:284–295, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical value of combined electrophysiological and urodynamic recordings to assess sexual disorders in spinal cord injured men
Authors: Schmid D.M. , Curt A. , Hauri D. , Schurch B. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsTo assess the significance of combined neurophysiological and neurourological examinations for diagnosis of neurogenic male sexual dysfunction.MethodsThis is a prospective study of 32 spinal cord injured men. Each underwent clinical and neurophysiological examinations (sympathetic skin responses (SSR), pudendal somato‐sensory evoked potentials (P‐SSEP), bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR)) and neuro‐urological measurements (urodynamic examination (UE), reflex erections (RE), psychogenic erections (PE) and nocturnal penile tumescence recordings (NPTR)).ResultsErectile dysfunction due to impairment of RE was associated with loss of BCR and detrusor areflexia (P > 0.001), whereas that due to impairment of PE was associated with loss of perineal SSR (P < 0.001). P‐SSEP corresponded in 94% with impairment of penile sensibility and duration of erections in NPTR. The NPTRs were less related to functional sexual impairment. NPTRs in complete and incomplete suprasacral (level > T10) spinal lesion showed sufficient erections despite strongly disturbed PE. NPTRs in lumbosacral lesion revealed significant reduction in or absent erections and underestimated the presence of well excitable PE.ConclusionsCombined neurophysiologic and neurourologic testing provides highly relevant diagnostic informations about sexual dysfunction in men with spinal cord injury. Loss of the BCR and detrusor areflexia imply loss of somatic and parasympathetic reflex activity and correlate with loss of RE. Loss of PE correlates with loss of perineal SSR (sympathetic denervation). Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:314–321, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inter‐observer agreement in the estimation of bladder pressure using a penile cuff
Authors: Drinnan Michael J. , McIntosh Stuart L. , Robson Wendy A. , Pickard Robert S. , Ramsden Peter D. , Griffiths Clive J. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractAimsObjective data are useful in quantifying a patient's lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We are investigating the use of an inflatable penile cuff to obstruct flow progressively during voiding, and thereby determine the pressure pcuff,int at which flow is interrupted. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between experienced observers in their estimates of pcuff,int.MethodsWe recorded 486 cuff inflation cycles during 142 voids from 42 subjects recruited from urology out‐patient's and prostate assessment clinics. Each inflation cycle was assessed independently by three experienced observers, a total of 1,458 ratings. According to our standard assessment procedure, the observers (i) indicated whether the inflation should be analyzed, (ii) estimated pcuff,int for those inflation cycles judged suitable for analysis, and (iii) discarded measurements that were clearly inconsistent with others from the same voiding cycle.ResultsOverall, 689 of the 1,458 ratings (45%) were excluded, with just 4% of all ratings discarded for inconsistency. For 385 of the 486 inflation cycles (79%) there was complete agreement that the cycle should or should not be analyzed. Thereafter, for the 262 inflation cycles analyzed by two or three observers, the overall SD error in measurements of pcuff,int was 4.6 cm H2O.ConclusionsWe conclude that there is good agreement between experienced observers in their interpretation of data from the cuff test. For practical purposes, there is no need for multiple observers in the clinical application of the cuff method. Neurourol. Urodynam. 22:296–300, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptide pattern in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer's disease: evidence of a novel carboxyterminally elongated Aβ peptide
Authors: Lewczuk Piotr , Esselmann Hermann , Meyer Markus , Wollscheid Volker , Neumann Manuela , Otto Markus , Maler Juan Manuel , Rüther Eckart , Kornhuber Johannes , Wiltfang Jens 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe patterns of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain homogenates were studied by surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometry, and the results were compared with those obtained by Aβ‐SDS‐PAGE/immunoblot. Apart from the peptides known in the literature to occur in the CSF, we postulate the existence of a novel, previously not described peptide, either Aβ1–45 or Aβ2–46. This peptide was observed exclusively in a pool of samples originating from patients with AD, i.e. CSF and postmortem brain homogenates, but not in either the pooled CSF samples nor the pooled brain homogenates of the non‐demented controls. Similarly to our previous results, Aβ1–42 was decreased in the CSF in AD. Expectedly, brain homogenates of the control subjects did not show the presence of Aβ peptides. Compared with Aβ‐SDS‐PAGE/immunoblot, SELDI‐TOF enabled more precise analysis of Aβ peptides in the human material. We conclude that SELDI‐TOF offers a promising tool for dementia expression pattern profiling using a minute amount of a biological sample. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility of atmospheric pressure desorption/ionization on silicon mass spectrometry in analysis of drugs
Authors: Huikko K. , Östman P. , Sauber C. , Mandel F. , Grigoras K. , Franssila S. , Kotiaho T. , Kostiainen R. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThe feasibility of atmospheric pressure desorption/ionization on silicon mass spectrometry (AP‐DIOS‐MS) for drug analysis was investigated. It was observed that only compounds with relative high proton affinity are efficiently ionized under AP‐DIOS conditions. The limits of detection (LODs) achieved in MS mode with midazolam, propranolol, and angiotensin II were 80 fmol, 20 pmol, and 1 pmol, respectively. In MS/MS mode the LODs for midazolam and propranolol were 10 fmol and 5 pmol, respectively. The good linearity (r2 > 0.991), linear dynamic range of 3 orders of magnitude, and reasonable repeatability showed that the method is suitable for quantitative analysis. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding and control of a simple dynamic system
Authors: Jensen Eva , Brehmer Berndt 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThis study examined laypeople's understanding of a simple dynamic system, expressed in reasoning and strategies used by the subjects, and how it affected performance. Participants were 15 undergraduate psychology students, 4 male and 11 female; median age was 24 years, ranging from 21 to 31 years. The subjects' task was to establish equilibrium in a simple predator‐and‐prey system. A task analysis was performed to identify the problem structure, the vital aspects of the task, and the ideal strategies to perform the task. The subjects' actual performance was compared to these strategies. The results revealed that, even though the task was structurally simple, it was still difficult. Much of these difficulties seemed to stem from a low ability to apply indirect reasoning and thinking in terms of discrete time steps instead of in terms of continuous time. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A system dynamics analysis of the Westray mine disaster
Authors: Cooke David L. 
Published: June 2003

AbstractThis article describes a system dynamics analysis of the 1992 Westray mine disaster in Nova Scotia, Canada. It examines the causal structure of the Westray system, including relationships that could have led to conditions that caused the fatal explosion at the mine. The value of simulation is its ability to capture a “mental model” of the safety system, which can stimulate discussion among safety experts as to the systemic causes of a disaster. By taking into account feedback loops and non‐linear relationships, which is not possible with conventional root‐cause analysis, a dynamic model of the system provides insights into the complex web of causes that can lead to disaster and valuable lessons for organizational learning. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.