bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning‐directed electrical impedance tomography to predict metabolically vulnerable plaques
Authors: Chen Justin , Wang Shaolei , Wang Kaidong , Abiri Parinaz , Huang Zi‐Yu , Yin Junyi , Jabalera Alejandro M. , Arianpour Brian , Roustaei Mehrdad , Zhu Enbo , Zhao Peng , Cavallero Susana , Duarte‐Vogel Sandra , Stark Elena , Luo Yuan , Benharash Peyman , Tai Yu‐Chong , Cui Qingyu , Hsiai Tzung K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe characterization of atherosclerotic plaques to predict their vulnerability to rupture remains a diagnostic challenge. Despite existing imaging modalities, none have proven their abilities to identify metabolically active oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), a marker of plaque vulnerability. To this end, we developed a machine learning‐directed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) platform to analyze oxLDL‐rich plaques, with immunohistology serving as the ground truth. We fabricated the EIS sensor by affixing a six‐point microelectrode configuration onto a silicone balloon catheter and electroplating the surface with platinum black (PtB) to improve the charge transfer efficiency at the electrochemical interface. To demonstrate clinical translation, we deployed the EIS sensor to the coronary arteries of an explanted human heart from a patient undergoing heart transplant and interrogated the atherosclerotic lesions to reconstruct the 3D EIS profiles of oxLDL‐rich atherosclerotic plaques in both right coronary and left descending coronary arteries. To establish effective generalization of our methods, we repeated the reconstruction and training process on the common carotid arteries of an unembalmed human cadaver specimen. Our findings indicated that our DenseNet model achieves the most reliable predictions for metabolically vulnerable plaque, yielding an accuracy of 92.59% after 100 epochs of training.
Warburg effect‐related risk scoring model to assess clinical significance and immunity characteristics of glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Rong , Wang Can , Zheng Xiaohong , Li Shenglan , Zhang Weichunbai , Kang Zhuang , Yin Shuo , Chen Jinyi , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor, has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of only 14.6 months. The Warburg effect is an abnormal energy metabolism, which is the main cause of the acidic tumor microenvironment. This study explored the role of the Warburg effect in the prognosis and immune microenvironment of GBM.MethodsA prognostic risk score model of Warburg effect‐related genes (Warburg effect signature) was constructed using GBM cohort data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cox analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Next, the nomogram was built to predict the prognosis for GBM patients. Finally, the drug sensitivity analysis was utilized to find the drugs that specifically target Warburg effect‐related genes.ResultsAge, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and WRGs score were confirmed as independent prognostic factors for GBM by Cox analyses. The C‐index (0.633 for the training set and 0.696 for the validation set) and area under curve (>0.7) indicated that the nomogram exhibited excellent performance. The calibration curve also indicates excellent consistency of the nomogram between predictions and actual observations. In addition, immune microenvironment analysis revealed that patients with high WRGs scores had high immunosuppressive scores, a high abundance of immunosuppressive cells, and a low response to immunotherapy. The Cell Counting Kit‐8 assays showed that the drugs targeting Warburg effect‐related genes could inhibit the GBM cells growth in vitro.ConclusionOur research showed that the Warburg effect is connected with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of GBM. Therefore, targeting Warburg effect‐related genes may provide novel therapeutic options.
Esophageal stenosis in an adult Mexican patient with diastrophic dysplasia: Case report
Authors: Kimball Tamara N. , Rivero‐García Pamela , Pérez González Bernardo , Reza‐Albarrán Alfredo Adolfo 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageDiastrophic dysplasia (DTD) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the SLC26A2 gene. We report the case of a 49‐year‐old female with DTD and esophageal stenosis. This broadens the phenotypic spectrum in adult patients with DTD and raises awareness of extra‐skeletal manifestations that could develop in later stages of life.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor presenting as ileocolic intussusception: A case report
Authors: Khanal Nischal , Subedi Rupak , Shrestha Nirajan , Shrestha Shristi 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe report urges considering rare neoplastic tumor, like IMT, in intussusception cases and underscores the vital role of comprehensive and swift diagnosis in influencing treatment choices and patient results.AbstractWe present a case of a 36‐year‐old male who presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. Inflammatory markers were elevated in routine investigations, while other laboratory parameters were within normal limits. Ultrasound imaging revealed a target lesion, which required further evaluation with a CT scan and confirmed ileocolic intussusception. An exploratory laparotomy showed a solid lesion measuring 5 by 6 cm in the cecum, along with evidence of ileocolic intussusception. A standard right hemicolectomy was performed, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological examination showed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with nodular hyperplasia. The report highlighted the importance of assessing rare neoplastic causes in patients with intussusception.
AI‐based intra‐tumor heterogeneity score of Ki67 expression as a prognostic marker for early‐stage ER+/HER2− breast cancer
Authors: Lu Wenqi , Lashen Ayat G , Wahab Noorul , Miligy Islam M , Jahanifar Mostafa , Toss Michael , Graham Simon , Bilal Mohsin , Bhalerao Abhir , Atallah Nehal M , Makhlouf Shorouk , Ibrahim Asmaa Y , Snead David , Minhas Fayyaz , Raza Shan E Ahmed , Rakha Emad , Rajpoot Nasir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEarly‐stage estrogen receptor positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor negative (ER+/HER2−) luminal breast cancer (BC) is quite heterogeneous and accounts for about 70% of all BCs. Ki67 is a proliferation marker that has a significant prognostic value in luminal BC despite the challenges in its assessment. There is increasing evidence that spatial colocalization, which measures the evenness of different types of cells, is clinically important in several types of cancer. However, reproducible quantification of intra‐tumor spatial heterogeneity remains largely unexplored. We propose an automated pipeline for prognostication of luminal BC based on the analysis of spatial distribution of Ki67 expression in tumor cells using a large well‐characterized cohort (n = 2,081). The proposed Ki67 colocalization (Ki67CL) score can stratify ER+/HER2− BC patients with high significance in terms of BC‐specific survival (p < 0.00001) and distant metastasis‐free survival (p = 0.0048). Ki67CL score is shown to be highly significant compared with the standard Ki67 index. In addition, we show that the proposed Ki67CL score can help identify luminal BC patients who can potentially benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
An enhanced MSU‐TSCH scheduling algorithms for industrial wireless sensor networks
Authors: Jerbi Wassim , Cheikhrouhou Omar , Guermazi Abderrahmen , Trabelsi Hafedh 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe reliability and latency requirements of wireless sensor network‐based smart grid communications are met in large part by MAC protocols. Developed by IEEE, time slotted channel hopping (TSCH), a method that is effective, dependable, and predictable. However, the TSCH standard does not enable mobility and does not offer any solution for scheduling, especially in IEEE 802.15.4 TSCH, the most recent generation of extremely dependable and low‐power MAC protocols. Recently, MSU‐TSCH a time‐frequency communication schedule was proposed to provide mobility to TSCH. Despite its distinctive qualities, MSU‐TSCH has the drawback of computing the TSCH schedule at each node independently of its traffic load, which can significantly increase the communication delay. Due to this limitation, MSU‐TSCH is not suitable for some delay‐sensitive smart grid applications. In this article, we provide an improved MSU‐TSCH‐based TSCH protocol, called Mobility‐TSCH, that dynamically adjusts time slot assignments based on traffic volume and latency requirement. Moreover, the protocol Mobility‐TSCH adapts to topology changes and supports mobility. Additionally, it optimizes time slot allocation by prioritizing nodes closest to the sink. The performance and evaluation analysis of Mobility‐TSCH compared to the original MSU‐TSCH, reveal that the communication delay is greatly reduced, decreases the average end‐to‐end latency, the high packet delivery ratio (PDR), Increase the performance of both metrics, parent connectivity ratio (PCR) and convergence time (CT), while maintaining a minimal overhead signaling.
Metabolic dysregulation and gut dysbiosis linked to hyperandrogenism in female mice
Authors: Chen Annie , Handzel Alex , Sau Lillian , Cui Laura , Kelley Scott T. , Thackray Varykina G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine pathology in women. In addition to infertility, women with PCOS have metabolic dysregulation which predisposes them to Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, women with PCOS have changes in their gut microbial community that may be indicative of dysbiosis. While hyperandrogenism is associated with both the development of metabolic dysfunction and gut dysbiosis in females, the mechanisms involved are not well understood.MethodsWe used dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and ovariectomy (OVX) mouse models coupled with metabolic assessments and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to explore the contributions of hyperandrogenism and oestrogen deficiency to the development of insulin resistance and gut microbial dysbiosis in pubertal female mice.ResultsWe demonstrated that, while DHT treatment or OVX alone were insufficient to induce insulin resistance during the pubertal‐to‐adult transition, combining OVX with DHT resulted in insulin resistance similar to that observed in letrozole‐treated mice with elevated testosterone and decreased oestrogen levels. In addition, our results showed that OVX and DHT in combination resulted in a distinct shift in the gut microbiome compared to DHT or OVX alone, suggesting that the substantial metabolic dysregulation occurring in the OVX + DHT model was accompanied by unique changes in the abundances of gut bacteria including S24‐7, Rikenellaceae and Mucispirillum schaedleri.ConclusionsWhile hyperandrogenism plays an important role in the development of metabolic dysregulation in female mice, our results indicate that investigation into additional factors influencing insulin resistance and the gut microbiome during the pubertal‐to‐adult transition could provide additional insight into the pathophysiology of PCOS.
Optimizing a metabarcoding marker portfolio for species detection from complex mixtures of globally diverse fishes
Authors: Baetscher Diana S. , Locatelli Nicolas S. , Won Eugene , Fitzgerald Timothy , McIntyre Peter B. , Therkildsen Nina Overgaard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDNA metabarcoding is used to enumerate and identify taxa in both environmental samples and tissue mixtures, but the effectiveness of particular markers depends on their sensitivity to the taxa involved. Using multiple primer sets that amplify different genes can mitigate biases in amplification efficiency, sequence resolution, and reference data availability, but few empirical studies have evaluated markers for complementary performance. Here, we assess the individual and joint performance of 22 markers for detecting species in a DNA pool of 98 species of marine and freshwater bony fishes from geographically and phylogenetically diverse origins. We find that a portfolio of four markers targeting 12S, 16S, and two regions of COI identifies 100% of reference taxa to family and nearly 60% to species. We then use these four markers to evaluate metabarcoding of heterogeneous tissue mixtures, using experimental fishmeal to test: (1) the tissue input threshold to ensure detection; (2) how read depth scales with tissue abundance; and (3) the effect of non‐target material in the mixture on recovery of target taxa. We consistently detect taxa that makeup >1% of fishmeal mixtures and can detect taxa at the lowest input level of 0.01%, but rare taxa (<1%) were detected inconsistently across markers and replicates. Read counts showed only a weak correlation with tissue input, suggesting they are not a reliable quantitative proxy for relative abundance. Despite the limitations arising from primer specificity and reference data availability, our results demonstrate that a modest portfolio of markers can perform well in detecting and identifying aquatic species in complex mixtures despite heterogeneity in tissue representation, phylogenetic affinities, and from a broad geographic range.
Comparative analysis of extraction methods, proximate composition, and physicochemical and functional properties of fruit seed proteins: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ashok N. Adharsh , Sontakke Manmath 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis comprehensive review delves into the realm of fruit seed proteins, examining their extraction methods, physicochemical properties, and functional characteristics. These proteins exhibit tremendous potential for diverse applications within the food industry. By gaining insights into efficient extraction techniques and understanding the physicochemical and functional properties of fruit seed proteins, researchers and industry professionals can harness their advantages to develop innovative food products. Various extraction methods, such as acid alkali, microwave‐assisted, ultrasound‐assisted, reverse micelle extraction, and the Box–Behnken experimental design, have been used for extracting proteins from a range of fruit seeds, including jackfruit, kiwi, watermelon, date palm, and grape seeds. The selection of these methods was based on their efficiency, protein yield, and compatibility with fruit seed proteins, with any associated limitations duly acknowledged by the researchers. The review also explores physicochemical characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy, used specifically for jackfruit seed protein, while delving into essential functional properties including solubility, water‐binding capacity, oil‐binding capacity, emulsifying capacity, foaming capacity, and bulk density. These properties play a crucial role in determining the suitability of fruit seed proteins for various food applications, significantly impacting factors like texture, crispiness, and color. Waste fruit seeds, often overlooked, can serve as a valuable source of proteins, possessing multifunctional properties encompassing nutrition, structure, enzymes, emulsification, foaming, gelation, and thickening. However, compared to other protein sources, fruit seed proteins have received limited scientific attention, rendering this review a distinctive and valuable contribution to the existing literature by offering comprehensive insights into extraction methods and properties.
Personalized assessment and management of non‐specific low back pain
Authors: Wirth Brigitte , Schweinhardt Petra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLow back pain (LBP), and in particular non‐specific low back pain (NSLBP), which accounts for approximately 90% of LBP, is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. In clinical trials, LBP is often poorly categorized into ‘specific’ versus ‘non‐specific’ and ‘acute’ versus ‘chronic’ pain. However, a better understanding of the underlying pain mechanisms might improve study results and reduce the number of NSLBP patients.Databases and Data TreatmentNarrative review.ResultsNSLBP is a multi‐dimensional, biopsychosocial condition that requires all contributing dimensions to be assessed and prioritized. Thereby, the assessment of the contribution of nociceptive, neuropathic and nociplastic pain mechanisms forms the basis for personalized management. In addition, psychosocial (e.g. anxiety, catastrophizing) and contextual factors (e.g. work situation) as well as comorbidities need to be assessed and individually weighted. Personalized treatment of NSLBP further requires individually choosing treatment modalities, for example, exercising, patient education, cognitive‐behavioural advice, pharmacotherapy, as well as tailoring treatment within these modalities, for example, the delivery of tailored psychological interventions or exercise programs. As the main pain mechanism and psychosocial factors may vary over time, re‐assessment is necessary and treatment success should ideally be assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.ConclusionsThe identification of the main contributing pain mechanism and the integration of the patients' view on their condition, including beliefs, preferences, concerns and expectations, are key in the personalized clinical management of NSLBP. In research, particular importance should be placed on accurate characterization of patients and on including outcomes relevant to the individual patient.Significance StatementHere, a comprehensive review of the challenges associated with the diagnostic label ‘non‐specific low back pain’ is given. It outlines what is lacking in current treatment guidelines and it is summarized what is currently known with respect to individual phenotyping. It becomes clear that more research on clinically meaningful subgroups is needed to best tailor treatment approaches.
Unveiling of a puzzling dual ionic migration in lead‐ and iodide‐deficient halide perovskites (d‐HPs) and its impact on solar cell J–V curve hysteresis
Authors: Gollino Liam , Zheng Daming , Mercier Nicolas , Pauporté Thierry 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHalide perovskite solar cells are characterized by a hysteresis between current–voltage (J–V) curves recorded on the reverse and on the forward scan directions, and the suppression of this phenomenon has focused great attention. In the present work, it is shown that a special family of 3D perovskites, that are rendered lead ‐and iodide‐ deficient (d‐HPs) by incorporating large organic cations, are characterized by a large hysteresis. The strategy of passivating defects by K+, which has been successful in reducing the hysteresis of 3D perovskite perovskite solar cells, is inefficient with the d‐HPs. By glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD‐OES), the existence of the classic iodide migration in these layers is unveiled, which is efficiently blocked by potassium cation insertion. However, it is also shown that it co‐exists with the migration of the large organic cations characteristics of d‐HPs which are not blocked by the alkali metal ion. The migration of those large cations is intrinsically linked to the special structure of the d‐HP. It is suggested that it takes place through channels, present throughout the whole perovskite layer after the substitution of PbI+ units by the large cations, making this phenomenon intrinsic to the original structure of d‐HPs.
Can alpha‐linolenic acid be a modulator of “cytokine storm,” oxidative stress and immune response in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection?
Authors: Cianciosi Danila , Diaz Yasmany Armas , Gaddi Antonio Vittorino , Capello Fabio , Savo Maria Teresa , Palí Casanova Ramón del Jesús , Martínez Espinosa Julio César , Pascual Barrera Alina Eugenia , Navarro‐Hortal Maria‐Dolores , Tian Lingmin , Bai Weibin , Giampieri Francesca , Battino Maurizio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) is a long‐chain polyunsaturated essential fatty acid of the Ω3 series found mainly in vegetables, especially in the fatty part of oilseeds, dried fruit, berries, and legumes. It is very popular for its preventive use in several diseases: It seems to reduce the risk of the onset or decrease some phenomena related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and conditions of dysregulation of the immune response. Recent studies have confirmed these unhealthy situations also in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Different findings (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical ones), summarized and analyzed in this review, have showed an important role of ALA in other various non‐COVID physiological and pathological situations against “cytokines storm,” chemokines secretion, oxidative stress, and dysregulation of immune cells that are also involved in the infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus. According to the effects of ALA against all the aforementioned situations (also present in patients with a severe clinical picture of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐(CoV‐2) infection), there may be the biologic plausibility of a prophylactic effect of this compound against COVID‐19 symptoms and fatality.
Aubergine stem restores reproductive damages following diabetes mellitus induction in male mice
Authors: Rostamzadeh Parsa , Shokri‐Asl Vahid , Torghabeh Fatemeh Mansouri , Davoudi Samira , Haghzadeh Ahmad , Moradi Shima 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus unbalances cellular antioxidant levels. This phenomenon can potentially lead to cellular damage and apoptosis in the male reproductive system. Besides, herbal‐based antioxidants can prevent these detrimental changes. Thus, we assessed the probable role of Aubergine stems with antioxidant and anti‐hyperlipidemic characteristics on reproductive damage following diabetes mellitus induction. Forty male NMRI mice were categorized into groups of control and treatments. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), and the extract was administered at various doses (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. Antioxidative features of the extract were approved by phytochemical assays and ferric‐reducing ability of plasma. Side‐effects of diabetes were also assessed by the malondialdehyde (MDA) and Griess techniques. Sperm parameters, LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, the TUNEL assay, histopathologic alteration, and apoptotic genes (p53, caspase‐3, Bcl‐2) were evaluated. Results showed that diabetes increased oxidation levels and the extract accelerated total antioxidant capacity status. Sperm parameters and hormone levels were restored following extract administration in diabetic animals. Also, the apoptosis rate decreased following extract administration in diabetic animals. We concluded that diabetes can elevate the levels of oxidation and suppress the antioxidant power. These pathologic changes were restored by Aubergine stem, leading to decreased levels of apoptosis and normal serum levels of testosterone, LH, and FSH.