bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shear Behaviour of Waste Plastic Fibrous Concrete Beams Reinforced by New Configuration Fibre Reinforced Polymer Bars
Authors: Mahmoud Akram , Allawi Ali H. , AL-Hadithi Abdulkader I. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study on the effect of the waste plastic and the fibre-reinforced polymer on the shear behaviour of the rectangular reinforced concrete beams. The experimental program was aimed to study the ductility of the beam that replaced the steel stirrups with the laminate of carbon fibre reinforced polymer as a transverse while the glass fibre reinforced polymer GFRP as longitudinal reinforced and add the waste plastic polyethylene terephthalate PET with different percentage 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The parameters of this investigated include the percentage of waste plastic polyethylene terephthalate PET and the percentage of CFRP that replaced with steel which equals 50%, 100%, and 150% from the steel strips. All beams cast with the dimensions 150mm width, 200mm height, and 1400mm length to test under two-point load. The results of this paper showed that the clear effect of the polyethylene terephthalate PET on the shear behaviour of beams which enhanced the ductility, ultimate deflection, ultimate load, and stiffness. Besides to the results above the fibre reinforced concrete beam considered more safety against the corrosion because the fibre had a good corrosion resistance and also reduced the pollution in environmental due to the large amount of waste plastic bottles that produce each year
WITHDRAWN: ChatGptTweets Analyses Based On AI
Authors: Author Aya M. Al-Zoghby , Author Ahmed Ismail Ebada , Author Nora Yehia , Author Esraa Mohamed Al-Awadly , Author Ahmad Moawad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sentiment analysis plays a crucial role in understanding public opinions and attitudes. In this study, we address the sentiment analysis of ChatGPT tweets, leveraging a diverse set of machine learning models. The dataset comprises user-generated tweets directed at ChatGPT, reflecting a spectrum of sentiments ranging from positive endorsements to negative critiques. Sentiment analysis is the process of utilizing text analysis tools to extract and classify sentiments conveyed in text data. As demonstrated by past research, sentiment analysis of conversational agent interactions, such as those with ChatGPT, has a great deal of potential to offer insightful information to help developers and users understand the perception and effectiveness of these agents. This understanding contributes to improving user experience and refining the capabilities of conversational agents like ChatGPT. For sentiment analysis in this context, the current systems either use a learning-based method or a lexicon-based approach. While lexicon-based techniques tend to be domain-specific, limiting their wide application, learning-based techniques require annotated data. In order to get better results, this research adopts a hybrid method that combines lexicon-based and learning-based strategies. General-purpose lexicons of sentiment are used, and the tweets are annotated using tools such as Text Blob. Moreover, term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), a feature engineering technique, has been included to extract important features. Ultimately, the sentiments of the tweets are classified using a variety of learning models, such as Machine Learning with logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), gradient boosting (GB), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The suggested hybrid approach's effectiveness is assessed using the F1-score, accuracy, precision, and recall metrics. According to experimental findings, combining lexicon-based and learning-based strategies yields better outcomes than each one used alone. Additionally, Text Blob has demonstrated encouraging results, with 99 percent accuracy achieved with MLP.
On-chip programmable optical routing using nonvolatile Sb2Se3 phase-change metasurfaces
Authors: Zarei Sanaz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Interferometer meshes are underpinning many new technologies for fully programmable optical circuits; however, their large footprint restricts their scalability. Our investigations demonstrated a new approach for on-chip programmable optical routing based on integrated one-dimensional Sb2Se3 phase change metasurfaces on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. In the presented scheme, silicon functions as the light guide and Sb2Se3 provides the means for reconfigurability. Reconfiguration is achieved by the dynamic control over the refractive index of Sb2Se3 by selectively adjusting the crystalline phase of Sb2Se3. With a device footprint of 28µmx50μm, the proposed router is more compact than Mach-Zehnder interferometer meshes, while providing a foundry compatible, nonvolatile and broadband reconfigurable paradigm for programmable optical flow control.
Women, water and access: inscribing gender power in and through a place
Authors: Akpabio Emmanuel M. , Wilson Nsikan-Abasi Udofia , Umoh Enobong C. , Udofia Eti-ido S. , Udo Ifiok I. , Elijah Edidiong , Essien Ubong E. , Akpan Itoro David , Umo Ini-Mfon B. , Umoren Itoro B. , Afiko Sunday , Ema Eti-Obong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the socio-cultural and gender-based dynamics associated with place values, and their implications for women's access to water through case studies of upland and riverine communities in southern Nigeria. We used a range of fieldwork methods including public meetings, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, keen observations, key informants and other secondary sources. Our findings show that drinking water sources are a part of the many forms of visible material structures that embody and generate automatic reproduction of gender-based beliefs, attitudes, feelings and practices. The outcome of such practices affects men and women differently in relation to access, workload and capacity for hygiene and other socio-economic practices. In discussing access to essential public goods, social and economic capacities take priority focus over the impact of ‘place values’ either as standalone or intersectional elements. Research should be expanded to incorporate these elements and their intersectional perspectives in shaping access to water.
Natural Products in Liver Fibrosis Management: A Five-year Review
Authors: Wang Tao , Lu Zhuo , Sun Gui-Feng , He Kai-Yi , Chen Zhi-Ping , Qu Xin-Hui , Han Xiao-Jian 
Published: February 2024

:
Liver fibrosis, characterized by the overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins
within liver tissue, poses a rising global health concern. However, no approved antifibrotic
drugs are currently available, highlighting the critical need for understanding the
molecular mechanisms of liver fibrosis. This knowledge could not only aid in developing
therapies but also enable early intervention, enhance disease prediction, and improve
our understanding of the interaction between various underlying conditions and the liver.
Notably, natural products used in traditional medicine systems worldwide and demonstrating
diverse biochemical and pharmacological activities are increasingly recognized
for their potential in treating liver fibrosis. This review aims to comprehensively understand
liver fibrosis, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms and advancements in exploring
natural products' antifibrotic potential over the past five years. It also acknowledges
the challenges in their development and seeks to underscore their potency in enhancing
patient prognosis and reducing the global burden of liver disease.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Ginkgo biloba Polyphenols in
Targeting Biomarkers of Colorectal Cancer: An In-silico Evaluation
Authors: Hamdani Sarra , Allali Hocine , Bouchentouf Salim 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer-related deaths
worldwide, driving the need for effective anticancer therapies with fewer side effects. The exploration
of Ginkgo biloba, a natural source, offers a hopeful avenue for novel treatments targeting key colorectal
biomarkers involved in CRC treatment.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to explore the binding affinity of natural molecules derived from
G. biloba to essential biomarkers associated with CRC, including Kirsten rat sarcoma virus, neuroblastoma
RAS mutations, serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf, phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase, and
deleted colorectal cancer, using molecular docking. The focus of this research was to evaluate how
effectively these molecules bind to specified targets in order to identify potential inhibitors for the
treatment of CRC.

Methods:
A total of 152 polyphenolic compounds from G. biloba were selected and subjected to
molecular docking simulations to evaluate their interactions with CRC-related biomarkers. The docking
results were analysed to identify ligands exhibiting strong affinities towards the targeted genes,
suggesting potential inhibitory effects.

Results:
Docking simulations unveiled the strong binding affinities between selected polyphenolic
compounds derived from G. biloba and genes associated with CRC. The complex glycoside structures
that are found in flavonols are of significant importance. These compounds, including derivatives
with distinctive arrangements, exhibited promising docking scores, signifying substantial interactions
with the targeted biomarkers.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrates the potential of G. biloba-derived molecules as effective anticancer
agents for colorectal cancer. The identified ligands exhibit strong interactions with crucial
CRC-related biomarkers, suggesting potential inhibition ability. Further in vitro and in vivo investigations
are needed to validate and build upon these promising findings, advancing the development
of novel and efficient CRC therapies.
Research Progress on the Application of Nanocellulose in Glucose Sensing
Authors: Yuan Jianzhong , Wan Caichao , Wei Song , Chai Huayun , Tao Tao 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Nanocellulose is not only a biocompatible and environmentally friendly material but also has excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, and a large number of hydroxyl groups that have a strong affinity for water. These characteristics have attracted significant attention from researchers in the field of glucose sensing.

Objective:
This review provides a brief overview of the current research status of traditional materials used in glucose sensors. The sensing performance, chemical stability, and environ-mental properties of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are compared and summarized based on the three sensing methods: electrochemical sensing, colorimetric sensing, and fluo-rescence sensing. The article focuses on recent strategies for glucose sensing using nanocel-lulose as a matrix. The development prospects of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors are also discussed.

Conclusion:
Nanocellulose has outstanding structural characteristics that contribute signifi-cantly to the sensing performance of glucose sensors in different detection modes. However, the preparation process for high-quality nanocellulose is complicated and has a low yield. Furthermore, the sensitivity and selectivity of nanocellulose-based glucose sensors require further improvement.
Ignored Role of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in the Pathophysiology of
Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale and Atrial
Septal Aneurysm
Authors: Yetkin Ertan , Atmaca Hasan , Çuğlan Bilal , Yalta Kenan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
The association between cryptogenic stroke (CS) and patent foramen ovale (PFO)
with or without atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) has been a debate for decades in terms of pathophysiologic
processes and clinical courses. This issue has become more interesting and complex,
because of the concerns associating the CS with so-called normal variant pathologies of interatrial
septum, namely ASA and PFO. While there is an anatomical pathology in the interatrial septum,
namely PFO and ASA, the embolic source of stroke is not clearly defined. Moreover, in patients
with PFO and CS, the risk of recurrent stroke has also been associated with other PFOunrelated
factors, such as hyperlipidemia, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension,
leading to the difficulty in understanding the pathophysiologic mechanism of CS in patients with
PFO and/or ASA. Theoretically, the embolic source of cryptogenic stroke in which PFO and/or
ASA has been involved can be categorized into three different anatomical locations, namely PFO
tissue and/or ASA tissue itself, right or left atrial chambers, and venous vascular territory distal
to the right atrium, i.e., inferior vena cava and lower extremity venous system. However, the
possible role of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation associated with PFO and/or ASA as a source of
cryptogenic stroke has never been mentioned clearly in the literature. This review aims to explain
the association of cryptogenic stroke with PFO and/or ASA in a comprehensive manner,
including anatomical, clinical, and mechanistic aspects.

:
The potential role of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its contribution to clinical course have
been also discussed in a hypothetical manner to elucidate the pathophysiology of CS and support
further treatment modalities.
In Vitro and in-silico Anti-diabetic Evaluation of the Combination of
Annona squamosa Linn., Leaf Extract and Oleanolic Acid
Authors: Dash Sasmita , Sahoo Nityananda , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Das Chandan , Pattanaik Sovan , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam , Kar Biswakanth 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by insufficient
insulin production from pancreatic β-cells or insulin resistance; its prevalence rapidly increases
worldwide. Increasing reports indicate that most plant bioactive agents exhibited alternative and
safe effects in managing DM.

Objective:
The study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-diabetic efficacy of the
combination of Annona squamosa Linn. (AS) leaf extract and Oleanolic acid (OA) using in vitro
and in-silico approaches.

Methods:
The leaf of AS was extracted by soxhlet extraction using n-hexane and methanol. The
methanol extract of AS (MEAS) was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Quantification of total phenolic
and flavonoid content and OA were carried out by HPLC and HPTLC analysis, respectively.
In vitro antioxidant (DPPH, NO, and H2O2) and anti-diabetic (α-amylase and α-glucosidase)
potentials of MEAS, OA, and a combination of MEAS and OA (MEAS + OA) were studied at
different concentrations using ascorbic acid and acarbose as standard, respectively. An in-silico
study determined their binding interactions with α-amylase (PDB ID-1B2Y) and α-glucosidase
(PDB ID-3W37).

Conclusion:
We found that the combination of MEAS + OA exhibited the highest in vitro antioxidant
and anti-diabetic activities compared to MEAS and OA. It concluded that OA has a significant
role in potentiating the anti-diabetic effect of A. squamosa.

Results:
GC-MS analysis of MEAS revealed three major bioactives like bicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-
ene, 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-,[1R-(1R*,4Z,9S*)]-, germacrene D and undecane. The highest
amount of phenolic (tannic acid and gallic acid) (150 μg/ml) and flavonoid (rutin and quercetin)
(40 μg/ml) compounds were found in MEAS. OA was quantified as 356.74 ng/ml in MEAS
by HPTLC. The significant inhibitory effects of MEAS, OA, and (MEAS + OA) on free radicals
and α-amylase and α-glucosidase were observed concentration-dependent. However, MEAS +
OA exhibited a greater percentage of inhibition than MEAS and OA alone. The in-silico analysis
revealed highest docking-score of OA (-9.8 & -8.8), Germacrene D (-7.5 & -6.5) and Bicyclo[
7.2.0]undec-4-ene, 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-,[1R-(1R*,4Z,9S*)]-, (-7.0 & -6.4) against
IB2Y and 3W37 proteins, respectively.
HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Quantitative Determination of Metformin
in Rat Plasma and Its Application to Comparative Bioavailability
Assessment
Authors: Zhang Di-Di , Jung Young-Heun , Seol Mi-Ji , Zhou Siyu , Chaudhary Dinesh , Jeong Jee-Heon , Kim Ju-Hyun 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Metformin is a biguanide derivative utilized as a first-line treatment for type
2 diabetes for people over 60 years. However, it faces certain limitations due to its incomplete absorption,
resulting in a 50-60% bioavailability. In addition to its blood glucose-lowering effect, the
antiproliferative effect of metformin has been demonstrated in vitro. Therefore, it is necessary to
consider alternative administration routes that can enhance the bioavailability of metformin, expanding
its clinical use beyond its role as an antidiabetic agent.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to develop a reliable bioanalytical method for the quantitation of
metformin in male Sprague-Dawley rat plasma and explore the promising alternative administration
route for metformin use.

Methods:
A robust, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for
the quantification of metformin in rat plasma was developed and validated according to the latest
regulatory guidance for bioanalysis.

Results:
Based on the area under the curves obtained from the rat pharmacokinetic study, subcutaneous
injection increased the systemic exposure of metformin by 1.79-fold compared to oral administration
in rats.

Conclusion:
Subcutaneous administration of metformin enhances its bioavailability compared to oral
administration, leading to increased antidiabetic effects and potential antitumor activity.
Novel Finding of Micropenis Caused by Mutation of the ADGRG2 Gene: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cui Yiling , Song Ningyi , Hou Ling 
Published: February 2024

Background:
This study reported a case of micropenis caused by a novel hemizygous
mutation in the ADGRG2 gene, which aimed to expand the understanding of sexual dysplasia
caused by ADGRG2 gene mutation.

Case Presentation:
We present the clinical data and genetic test results of a patient with micropenis
admitted in September, 2022, to the Tongji Hospital. The patient was a 9-year-10-
month-old male whose chief complaint was the presence of a short penis over a period of three
years. In April 2016, the patient underwent corrective surgery for a clubbed penis. Upon admission
to the study hospital, his height and weight were 145.0 cm (75-90th percentile) and 37.8 kg
(50-75th percentile), respectively, and his BA was 12 years old. His physical characteristics included
a normal face, bilateral testicle size of 2 ml, and penile length of about 3 cm. A gonadotrophin-
releasing hormone-stimulating test revealed normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
function. An HCG stimulation test indicated normal sperm production in the testis. Key abnormalities
from auxiliary examinations included low testosterone and high ACTH, dehydroepiandrosterone
sulfate, androstenedione, and 17-OH-P levels. Genetic testing revealed a new
hemizygous mutation, a splicing mutation in intron 4 of the ADGRG2 gene (ChrX: 19040187
(NM_001079858.3): c.154 + 2T > A, inherited from the mother.

Conclusion:
This study reported a case of micropenis caused by a new hemizygous mutation in
the ADGRG2 gene. This indicates the importance of genetic testing and gene-guided treatments
to improve prognosis.
Photoelectrode FTO/ Anodized TiO2 Production and Characterization
for Methylene Blue Affected Photoelectrochemical Decomposition
Authors: Caliskan Berrak , Şayan Enes , Kiziltas Hakan 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The production of thin film TiO2 nanostructured systems for electrocatalytic,
photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic applications has been an essential
topic in recent years. Due to the light-sensitive effect of TiO2, it can be produced by various
methods and used as a photoelectrode to remove dye. Using magnetron sputtering, Ti
thin films can be deposited on different substrates and converted into transparent TiO2
structures by electrochemical anodization.

Methods:
In this study, the thin Ti film was produced using a magnetic spraying technique
on the FTO substrate, and then an anodic TiO2 structure was obtained by the anodization
technique. TiO2 films produced by the anodizing technique were used as a photoelectrode
for the degradation of MB. The reactor contained 400 mL of 20 mg/L MB solution at
20 °C. The produced photoelectrode was characterized by the SEM/EDS, FTIR, XRD, and
UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analyses.

Results:
The EDS analysis confirmed the presence of titanium and oxygen in the FTO/
Anodized TiO2 photoelectrode. The XRD results showed that all the peaks of the produced
FTO/ Anodic TiO2 were associated with the anatase phase of TiO2. According to the FTIR
spectroscopy, the functional groups of the anodized TiO2 were obtained for the FTO/ Anodized
TiO2. The electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation experiments
were performed with the degradation of the dye solution of MB on the FTO/
Anodic TiO2 photoelectrode, and the rates of dye degradation were determined as 17.12%,
64.67%, and 82.12%, respectively.

Conclusion:
This study showed that the methylene blue dye of FTO/ Anodic TiO2 is a
suitable photoelectrode for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation.
Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Alpukat Di Kecamatan Baruppu’kabupaten Toraja Utara
Authors: Padang Mayung Allo Toding , Viantika NM , Bakri Rasyidah 
Published: February 2024

<p>Alpukat merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang sangat cocok dibudidayakan di daerah pegunungan dan memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi. Khususnya di Kecamatan Baruppu’ memiliki Alpukat dengan cita rasa yang gurih seperti mentega, dan produksi yang banyak, namun belum banyak dikenal oleh banyak orang, untuk itu perlu dianalisis faktor internal dan eksternal yang menunjang pengembangan usahatani Alpukat di Kecamatan Baruppu, dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan usahatani Alpukat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Baruppu’ Parodo, Kecamatan Baruppu’, Kabupaten Toraja Utara. <strong> </strong>Responden internal sebanyak 9 petani Alpukat dan informan eksternal sebanyak 3 menggunakan metode <em>Snowall Sampling</em>. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif. Metode analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis SWOT dan QSPM. Hasilnya faktor kekuatan yaitu kualitas hasil panen, kesuburan lahan pertanian. Faktor kelemahan berupa kesadaran sumber daya manusia petani rendah, keterbatasan sarana prasarana. Sedangan faktor peluang berupa, potesi sumber daya alam yang mendukung, peluang pasar. Faktor ancaman berupa beralih ke komoditi lain. Hasil QSPM, diperoleh prioritas yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran petani dalam hal pengembangan usahatani Alpukat, dengan cara menambah pendidikan dan pengajaran serta permodalan melalui kelembagaan yang menyentuh seluruh petani untuk meningkatkan kuantitas serta kualitas Alpukat untuk memenuhi permintaan pasar sehingga informasi tentang pemasaran Alpukat dapat luas menjadi prioritas utama dalam mengembangkan usahatani Alpukat di desa Baruppu’ Parodo, skor yang diperoleh dari strategi 1 yaitu 7,21.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong>Strategi; Pengembangan; Usahatani Alpukat.</p>