bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Femicide, intimate partner femicide, and non-intimate partner femicide in South Africa: An analysis of 3 national surveys, 1999–2017
Authors: Abrahams Naeemah , Mhlongo Shibe , Chirwa Esnat , Dekel Bianca , Ketelo Asiphe , Lombard Carl , Shai Nwabisa , Ramsoomar Leane , Mathews Shanaaz , Labuschagne Gérard , Matzopoulos Richard , Prinsloo Megan , Martin Lorna J. , Jewkes Rachel 
Published: January 2024

Background
In most countries, reliable national statistics on femicide, intimate partner femicide (IPF), and non-intimate partner femicide (NIPF) are not available. Surveys are required to collect robust data on this most extreme consequence of intimate partner violence (IPV). We analysed 3 national surveys to compare femicide, IPF, and NIPF from 1999 to 2017 using age-standardised rates (ASRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs).

Methods and findings
We conducted 3 national mortuary-based retrospective surveys using weighted cluster designs from proportionate random samples of medicolegal laboratories. We included females 14 years and older who were identified as having been murdered in South Africa in 1999 (n = 3,793), 2009 (n = 2,363), and 2017 (n = 2,407). Further information on the murdered cases were collected from crime dockets during interviews with police investigating officers. Our findings show that South Africa had an IPF rate of 4.9/100,000 female population in 2017. All forms of femicide among women 14 years and older declined from 1999 to 2017. For IPF, the ASR was 9.5/100,000 in 1999. Between 1999 and 2009, the decline for NIPF was greater than for IPF (IRR for NIPF 0.47 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 0.53) compared to IRR for IPF 0.69 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.77). Rates declined from 2009 to 2017 and did not differ by femicide type. The decline in IPF was initially larger for women aged 14 to 29, and after 2009, it was more pronounced for those aged 30 to 44 years. Study limitations include missing data from the police and having to use imputation to account for missing perpetrator data.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed a reduction in femicide overall and different patterns of change in IPF compared to NIPF. The explanation for the reductions may be due to social and policy interventions aimed at reducing IPV overall, coupled with increased social and economic stability. Our study shows that gender-based violence is preventable even in high-prevalence settings, and evidence-based prevention efforts must be intensified globally. We also show the value of dedicated surveys in the absence of functional information systems.
An α-Gal antigenic surrogate as a biomarker of treatment evaluation in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected children. A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Abal Manuel , Balouz Virginia , Lopez Rosana , Giorgi M. Eugenia , Marino Carla , Cruz Cintia V. , Altcheh Jaime , Buscaglia Carlos A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Proper evaluation of therapeutic responses in Chagas disease is hampered by the prolonged persistence of antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi measured by conventional serological tests and by the lack of sensitivity of parasitological tests. Previous studies indicated that tGPI-mucins, an α-Gal (α-d-Galp(1→3)-β-d-Galp(1→4)-d-GlcNAc)-rich fraction obtained from T. cruzi trypomastigotes surface coat, elicit a strong and protective antibody response in infected individuals, which disappears soon after successful treatment. The cost and technical difficulties associated with tGPI-mucins preparation, however, preclude its routine implementation in clinical settings.

Methods/principle findings
We herein developed a neoglycoprotein consisting of a BSA scaffold decorated with several units of a synthetic α-Gal antigenic surrogate (α-d-Galp(1→3)-β-d-Galp(1→4)-β-d-Glcp). Serological responses to this reagent, termed NGP-Tri, were monitored by means of an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (α-Gal-ELISA) in a cohort of 82 T. cruzi-infected and Benznidazole- or Nifurtimox-treated children (3 days to 16 years-old). This cohort was split into 3 groups based on the age of patients at the time of treatment initiation: Group 1 comprised 24 babies (3 days to 5 months-old; median = 26 days-old), Group 2 comprised 31 children (7 months to 3 years-old; median = 1.0-year-old) and Group 3 comprised 26 patients (3 to 16 years-old; median = 8.4 years-old). A second, control cohort (Group 4) included 39 non-infected infants (3 days to 5 months-old; median = 31 days-old) born to T. cruzi-infected mothers. Despite its suboptimal seroprevalence (58.4%), α-Gal-ELISA yielded shorter median time values of negativization (23 months [IC 95% 7 to 36 months] vs 60 months [IC 95% 15 to 83 months]; p = 0.0016) and higher rate of patient negative seroconversion (89.2% vs 43.2%, p < 0.005) as compared to conventional serological methods. The same effect was verified for every Group, when analyzed separately. Most remarkably, 14 out of 24 (58.3%) patients from Group 3 achieved negative seroconversion for α-Gal-ELISA while none of them were able to negativize for conventional serology. Detailed analysis of patients showing unconventional serological responses suggested that, in addition to providing a novel tool to shorten follow-up periods after chemotherapy, the α-Gal-ELISA may assist in other diagnostic needs in pediatric Chagas disease.

Conclusions/significance
The tools evaluated here provide the cornerstone for the development of an efficacious, reliable, and straightforward post-therapeutic marker for pediatric Chagas disease.
The impact of cineole treatment timing on common cold duration and symptoms: Non-randomized exploratory clinical trial
Authors: Michalsen Andreas , Goldenstein Kim , Kardos Peter , Klimek Ludger , Palm Jürgen , Parganlija Dajana , Stöckl Johannes 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Common cold (CC) symptoms arise from an inflammatory response treatable with cineole and generally peak within two days, which complicates research implementation. We therefore explored the benefits of early cineole administration with enrolment of participants prior to CC onset.

Methods
Out of 522 adults enrolled in our phase IV, open-label, non-randomized, exploratory clinical trial (EudraCT No. 2020-000860-51), 329 developed a CC and used 200 mg cineole (Soledum®, CNL-1976) t.i.d. for max. 15 (± 2) days. Primary endpoint was burden of disease based on the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-11).

Results
Comparing three strata based on time to treatment (≤ 12 h, > 12 to ≤ 24 h and > 24 h), earliest treatment resulted in lowest AUC-WURSS (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.36) and reduced the overall burden of disease by 38% (p < 0.0001). Earlier and lower symptom severity peak resulted, with shorter time to remission (average 8.9 vs. 10.7 days with latest treatment initiation, p < 0.05), and higher and faster recovering quality of life (p < 0.05). Tolerability was mostly rated as “very good”, with adverse events of suspected causal relationship reported in 4.3% of participants.

Conclusions
Early intervention shows clinical benefits relevant for the effective treatment of CC with cineole.
For the Culture: Hip-Hop and the Fight for Social Justice, Lakeyta M. Bonnette-Bailey and Adolphus G. Belk Jr (eds) (2022)
Authors: Lee Mikal Amin 
Published: January 2024

Review of: For the Culture: Hip-Hop and the Fight for Social Justice, Lakeyta M. Bonnette-Bailey and Adolphus G. Belk Jr (eds) (2022)
Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 321 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-47213-286-7, h/bk, USD 80.00
Cey Adams, Departure: 40 Years of Art and Design, Curated by Liza Quiñonez and Yutong Shi
Authors: Gayle Caleb J. 
Published: January 2024

Review of: Cey Adams, Departure: 40 Years of Art and Design, Curated by Liza Quiñonez and Yutong Shi
Stone Gallery, Boston University, 4 October–11 December 2022
Capitalism and the Camera: Essays on Photography and Extraction, Kevin Coleman and Daniel James (eds) (2021)
Authors: Constantine Simon 
Published: January 2024

Review of: Capitalism and the Camera: Essays on Photography and Extraction, Kevin Coleman and Daniel James (eds) (2021)
London and New York: Verso, 320 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-83976-080-8, p/bk, GBP 19.99
Esophageal Remodeling Correlates With Eating Behaviors in Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Kennedy Kanak V. , Umeweni Chizoba N. , Alston Maiya , Dolinsky Lauren , McCormack Susan M. , Taylor Lynne Allen , Bendavid Ava , Benitez Alain , Mitchel Elana , Karakasheva Tatiana , Goh Vi , Maqbool Asim , Albenberg Lindsey , Brown-Whitehorn Terri , Cianferoni Antonella , Muir Amanda B. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
There are limited data characterizing eating habits among pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We compared eating behaviors in pediatric patients with EoE with healthy controls and assessed the degree of correlation with symptomatology, endoscopic and histologic findings, and esophageal distensibility.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, observational study where subjects consumed 4 food textures (puree, soft solid, chewable, and hard solid) and were scored for eating behaviors including number of chews per bite, sips of fluid per food, and consumption time. Symptomatic, endoscopic, histologic, and esophageal distensibility data were collected for case subjects.

RESULTS:
Twenty-seven case subjects and 25 healthy controls were enrolled in our study (mean age 11.0 years, 63.5% male). Compared with healthy controls, pediatric patients with EoE demonstrated more chews per bite with soft solid (13.6 vs 9.1, P = 0.031), chewable (14.7 vs 10.7, P = 0.047), and hard solid foods (19.0 vs 12.8, P = 0.037). Patients with EoE also demonstrated increased consumption time with soft solid (94.7 vs 58.3 seconds, P = 0.002), chewable (90.0 vs 65.1 seconds, P = 0.005), and hard solid foods (114.1 vs 76.4 seconds, P = 0.034) when compared with healthy controls. Subgroup analysis based on disease status showed no statistically significant differences in eating behaviors between active and inactive EoE. Total endoscopic reference score positively correlated with consumption time (r = 0.53, P = 0.008) and number of chews (r = 0.45, P = 0.027) for chewable foods and with number of chews (r = 0.44, P = 0.043) for hard solid foods. Increased consumption time correlated with increased eosinophil count (r = 0.42, P = 0.050) and decreased esophageal distensibility (r = −0.82, P < 0.0001).

DISCUSSION:
Altered eating behaviors including increased chewing and increased consumption time can be seen in pediatric patients with EoE, can persist despite histologic remission, and may be driven by changes in esophageal distensibility.
The Rising Incidence and Poor Outcomes of Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Hujoel Isabel A. , Hujoel Margaux L.A. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is associated with celiac disease. With the rising prevalence of celiac disease, we hypothesized that the prevalence of EATL is also increasing.

METHODS:
We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, which is a population-based US cancer surveillance program. We used the ICD-0-3 code 9717/3 to identify patients with EATL diagnosed between 2000 and 2020. Incidence rates were calculated using the SEER*Stat software, and annual percent change was calculated using the Joinpoint software. Log-rank tests were used to evaluate for significant difference in survival curves between groups. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for continuous variables and quantifying association strength of predictors.

RESULTS:
A total of 463 cases of EATL were identified (273 male, 190 female) with a median age of 65 (range 23–90+) years. Most of the cases were at an advanced stage at diagnosis and were treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. The median survival time was 6 months. The 2000–2020 age-adjusted incidence rate per 100,000 people was 0.014, and the incidence increased between 2000 and 2020, with an annual percent change of 2.58 (P < 0.05). Increased age at diagnosis and lack of treatment had significant impacts on survival while sex, year of diagnosis, race, and time between diagnosis and treatment had no significant impact on survival.

DISCUSSION:
There was a significant increase in the incidence of EATL in the United States between 2000 and 2020. Survival in this cancer remains poor and unchanged over the past 2 decades.
The Effects of Academic Self-concept and Organizational Factors on Academic Achievement
Authors: CANTEKİN Ömer Faruk 
Published: January 2024

University students’ achievement is influenced
by a number of factors. Academic self-concept and organizational factors are
among the significant ones. This study aims to investigate the effects of
academic self-concept and organizational factors on university students’
achievement and to discover whether this varies according to such variables as
gender, grade, place of accommodation, educational status of the parents, and
preference. The sample of the study consisted of the randomly selected 450
university students attending private and state universities in provincial
Ankara. The data were collected using Matovu Academic Self-Concept Scale and
Organizational Factors Scale. As a result of the study, it was found that
gender, the grade, the place of accommodation, administrative services and
practices, and physical setting and equipment positively affected student
achievement. Further studies are needed to investigate the combined effects of
the variables, including academic self-concept, thought to have an effect on
student achievement at university. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-3233
Finský učitel primární školy na pozadí podmínek inkluzivního vzdělávání
Authors: Bačová Veronika 
Published: January 2024

Příspěvek přináší částečné výsledky disertačního výzkumu, který se soustředil na problematiku učitele primární školy v podmínkách inkluzivního vzdělávání ve Finsku.
Cílem této části výzkumného šetření bylo vytvoření empiricky podložených profilů finských učitelů primární školy s důrazem na zjištění, co stojí za kvalitou inkluzivního vzdělávání ve Finsku a jak mohou tato zjištění zkvalitnit inkluzivní vzdělávání i učitelskou profesi v českém kontextu. Pro dosažení cíle byl zvolen design kvalitativní případové studie, kdy případem rozumíme učitele primární školy na pozadí inkluzivního vzdělávání – celkový počet participantů činil 10 finských učitelů/učitelek.
Hlavními metodami k zajištění dat se stala obsahová a tematická analýza zahraničních a finských zdrojů. Získaná zjištění se stala podkladem pro další uvažování a vytvoření polostrukturovaného rozhovoru a pozorování. Pro zpracování dat byly využity v prvním kole kazuistiky jednotlivých participantů, které následně doplnila data získaná axiálním kódováním. V druhé části zpracování byly vytvořen empiricky podložený profil finských učitelů. V závěru byl tento profil doplněn o nabídku dalších doporučení pro práci českého učitele primární školy v heterogenní třídě.
Výsledky ukazují, že finský učitel má pozitivní postoj k inkluzivnímu vzdělávání; využívá různorodé výukové strategie vedoucí k aktivnímu zapojení žáků; podílí se na svém profesním rozvoji i rozvoji celé školy jako komunity; ve své práci využívá individualizaci a diferenciaci a je součástí multiprofesního týmu.
Diskuse zasazuje zjištění do problematiky vytváření kompetenčních rámců a standardů s explicitním zaměřením na hodnoty a postoje.
Integrated fuzzy logic and multicriteria decision model methods for selecting suitable sites for wastewater treatment plant: A case study in the center of Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Lefta Feras A. , Hamdan Ahmed N. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn environmental infrastructure projects, decision-making can be complex and challenging because of the inherent trade-offs between environmental, economic, and social considerations. During urban development, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) site selection is one of the most critical parts of environmental infrastructure. Choosing suitable sites for constructing a WWTP is based on various variables and limits. In the modeling phase of this study, ten criteria were developed from three main criteria to evaluate sites suitable for WWTPs. These criteria were slope, soil type, and proximity from rivers, roads, agricultural lands, railways, oil fields, groundwater, outfall, and residential areas. These parameters and their respective weights were determined based on a literature review, expert knowledge, field observation, and geophysical investigation. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method, which integrates AHP and fuzzy logic, was used as a multicriteria decision-making, and fuzzy membership functions were performed to determine the criteria weights used with geographical information systems to select all available sites for the WWTP for the center of the Basrah province. The study concludes that the old Hamdan WWTP was located in an unsuitable area. In light of the rapid population growth in Basrah center in recent years, it may be proposed that a new WWTP be built in a new location that meets environmental, economic, and social criteria. This study reveals that 138.52 km2(or 9.98% of the total land area) is appropriate for constructing the new WWTP.
Elm wood (Ulmus rubra) vacuum drying at 40 °C studied by time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR)
Authors: Tan Rui , Zhao Zhihong , Liu Wenjing , Wu Shuang , Zhang Minghui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) technique was employed to distinguish various water states, and the moisture migration during Elm wood (Ulmus rubra) heartwood vacuum drying was quantitatively analyzed. The transverse relaxation time (T2) was employed to establish the correlation between drying time and moisture migration. Additionally, the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) was utilized to identify two types of water states within the cell wall: OH bound water (B-water) and more freely bound water (C-water). Meanwhile, the changes in these two types of bound water during the drying were investigated. The results demonstrated an exponential decrease in the content of OH bound water and more freely bound water with drying time. OH bound water within the cell wall predominated, with only a small portion of more freely bound water experiencing migration loss when the moisture content (MC) dropped below 20 %. Furthermore, OH bound water exhibited higher migration rate compared to more freely bound water at 10–20 % MC, while the motion of OH bound water molecules became highly restricted and stronger binding to cell walls than more freely bound water at a MC level of below 10 %. These findings yield a theoretical foundation and empirical support for optimizing drying methods.
Collaborative autoethnography in applied linguistics: reflecting on research practice
Authors: Adamson John Lindsay , Muller Theron 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This reflective paper explores collaborative autoethnography (CAE) as a research method by analyzing 15 of our CAE English language teaching and applied linguistics studies published from 2015 to the present. Focus is given to tying CAE to its ethnographic roots, including autoethnography and duoethnography. The implications of CAE representing a methodological expansion of ethnographic methods from researching and reporting on the other to researching and representing one’s own authentic experiences are explored. We discuss the “counter-narratives” that CAE spaces facilitate, where minoritized opinions and experiences can be safely shared and (re)affirmed, including how to facilitate transformative experiences in practice. Two implications for CAE practice are shared. The first concerns the need for CAE participants to be conscious of different levels of participation, particularly as life circumstances change, and to flexibly accommodate these. The second concerns how CAEs should represent a process that facilitates growth and transformation rather than a final, published product. We conclude by noting that while CAE may have shortcomings, it represents a promising avenue of exploration for practitioners interested in developing professional practices through reflection and discussion with research collaborators.
English and ‘personality development’: the hyper-individualization and de-politicization of social mobility in India
Authors: Highet Katy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the last two decades, English learning in India has undergone noticeable and subtle transformations. Alongside the massive increase in coaching centres to cater for widespread demand, there has also emerged a tacit understanding that it is no longer enough to speak English to be socially mobile: students must also engage in a range of self-work, or ‘personality development’. In this article, I draw on ethnographic data from an NGO in Delhi that seeks to alleviate poverty through English and personality development training for disadvantaged youth. I show how discourses of personality development (re)produce and juxtapose particular understandings of the self that work to hyper-individualize and depoliticize the project of social mobility. Situating these discourses within the context of shifting political economic configurations in India, this paper demonstrates how these notions of ‘personality development’ both emerge from and obscure long-standing and newly-developing colonial, caste and class histories, and how they work to produce depoliticised subjectivities.
Becoming/being a care worker: personality in a language training for migrant job seekers in Flanders
Authors: Nyssen Sara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this article I will describe how personality was mobilized during a Dutch language course that prepared job seekers for the care sector. I show how more than language competences, what was valued was who someone was as a person. While the emphasis on job seekers’ personality in the context of a language course that prepared for an education and subsequent job in the care sector, is, on the one hand, in line with the general attention for the worker as a person and more specifically for what is generally referred to as soft skills, I show that the understanding of personality in the course also differs from how soft skills is generally understood: personality was seen as a stable essence, where potential for improvement was deemed to be limited. This view on personality can be associated with the history of care work and the morality attached to it, for which selection of workers is deemed necessary. Moreover, as I have shown, while personality is thought of as an abstract term that can be applied to categorize individuals separately from the specific context or from cultural or political influences, the type of personality that was required for a care worker was coded as feminine and associated with certain types of people along racialized lines. As such, there is an unequal distribution among which people are deemed suitable for care work. By demonstrating the effects of this specific understanding of personality, I also argue that it is important for language scholars to pay attention to such notions themselves, rather than to focus merely on their communication.