bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astrocyte sensitivity to glymphatic shear stress is amplified by albumin and mediated by the interaction of sphingosine 1 phosphate with Piezo1
Authors: Ballesteros-Gomez David , McCutcheon Sean , Yang Greta L. , Cibelli Antonio , Bispo Ashley , Krawchuk Michael , Piedra Giselle , Spray David C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAstrocyte endfeet enwrap brain vasculature, forming a boundary for perivascular glymphatic flow of fluid and solutes along and across the astrocyte endfeet into the brain parenchyma. To determine whether astrocytes may sense and respond to the shear forces generated by glymphatic flow, we examined intracellular calcium (Ca2+) changes evoked in astrocytes to brief fluid flow applied in calibrated microfluidic chambers. Shear stresses < 20 dyn/cm2failed to evoke Ca2+responses in the absence of albumin, but cells responded to shear stress below 1 dyn/cm2when as little as 5 μM albumin was present in flow medium. A role for extracellular matrix in mechanotransduction was indicated by reduced sensitivity after degradation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) amplified shear responses in the absence of albumin, whereas mechanosensitivity was attenuated by the S1P receptor blocker fingolimod. Piezo1 participated in the transduction as revealed by blockade by the spider toxin GsMTX and amplification by the chemical modulator Yoda1, even in absence of albumin or S1P. Our findings that astrocytes are exquisitely sensitive to shear stress and that sensitivity is greatly amplified by albumin concentrations encountered in normal and pathological CSF predict that perivascular astrocytes are responsive to glymphatic shear stress and that responsiveness is augmented by elevated CSF protein. S1P receptor signaling thus establishes a setpoint for Piezo1 activation that is finely tuned to coincide with albumin level in CSF and to the low shear forces resulting from glymphatic flow.Graphical abstractAstrocyte endfoot responds to glymphatic shear stress when albumin is present. Mechanism involves sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) binding to its receptor (S1PR), activating phospholipase C (PLC) and thereby sensitizing the response of Piezo1 to flow. Ca2+influx triggers Ca2+release from intracellular stores and further downstream signaling, thereby modulating parenchymal perfusion. Illustration created using BioRender.com
A MATLAB algorithm to automatically estimate the QT interval and other ECG parameters and validation using a machine learning approach in congenital long-QT syndrome
Authors: Tzvi-Minker Elinor , Dittmann Sven , Keck Andreas , Schulze-Bahr Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe present a novel MATLAB®algorithm designed to automatically estimate the QT interval as well as other parameters in digital electrocardiograms (ECGs) of patients with congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS).BackgroundNormal myocardial repolarization and the QT interval (i.e., the duration from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave) are crucial markers for arrhythmogenesis, diagnosis and monitoring of LQTS. Manual measurement is time consuming and prone to physician’s variability and potential errors, necessitating an efficient and precise automated approach.MethodsOur algorithm implements Lepeschkin’s tangent method to determine the T-wave end and, subsequently, the QT interval. Based on this, the algorithm additionally calculates other ECG parameters and T-wave characteristics: T-peak to T-end, Twave area, T-wave duration and R-peak to T-peak amplitude ratio. The results are two-fold validated: (1) against expert measurement of the QT interval (QT_GS), as well as (2) against the algorithm results of the ECG machine used (QT_MU). Machine-learning methods are applied to investigate the accuracy of the estimated parameters by our algorithm in a cohort of 363 LQT1 patients.ResultsEstimation of T-wave end, the QT interval and other ECG parameters by our algorithm was successful in at least one of the three ECG channels in 362 out of 363 patients (99.7%). On the other hand, the ECG machine-based QT_MU algorithm could estimate the QT interval only in 245/363 (95.3%) of recordings. Individual differences between the developed MATLAB®algorithm in assessment of the QT and QT_GS were 10-fold more accurate to differences between QT_MU and QT_GS. Applying an optimizable Ensemble classifier on 30 ECG parameters extracted by our MATLAB®algorithm had an accuracy of 74.91% and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 in classifying LQTS patients with a prolonged QTc interval (upon QT_GS) from those with a normal QTc interval.ConclusionThe presented MATLAB®-based algorithm offers a robust and reliable approach to automatic QT interval estimation and QTc calculation in LQTS patients, potentially improving diagnostic precision and patient management. The results suggest that integrating further ECG parameters can assist with clinical assessment of LQTS patients. Future development will focus on integration into mainstream ECG devices and broadening the applicability to other arrhythmic conditions.
Design and development of an experimental bench concept for testing of fuselage stiffened panels, using a virtual testing methodology
Authors: Kordas Panagiotis , Fotopoulos Konstantinos , Lampeas George , Karelas Evangelos , Louizos Evgenios 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Fuselage structures are subjected to combinations of axial, bending, shear and differential pressure loads. The validation of advanced metallic and composite fuselage designs against such loads is based on the full-scale testing of the fuselage barrel, which, however, is highly demanding from a time and cost viewpoint. This paper aims to assist in scaling-down the experimentation to the stiffened panel level which presents the opportunity to validate state-of-the-art designs at higher rates than previously attainable.

Design/methodology/approach
Development of a methodology to successfully design tests at the stiffened panel level and realize them using advanced, complex and adaptable test-rigs that are capable of introducing independently a set of distinct load types (e.g. internal overpressure, tension, shear) while applying appropriate boundary conditions at the edges of the stiffened panel.

Findings
A baseline test-rig configuration was developed after extensive parametric modelling studies at the stiffened panel level. The realization of the loading and boundary conditions on the test-rig was facilitated through innovative supporting and loading system set-ups.

Originality/value
The proposed test bench is novel and compared to the conventional counterparts more viable from an economic and manufacturing point of view. It leads to panel responses, which are as close as possible to those of the fuselage barrel in-flight and can be used for the execution of static or fatigue tests on metallic and thermoplastic curved integrally stiffened full-scale panels, representative of a business jet fuselage.
Assessing the awareness and perception of waqf among business owners in Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdu Musa , Lamido Abdullahi Abubakar , Jibir Adamu 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe literature about the dynamics of Muslims' awareness and perception of waqf has been generally scarce,especially in Nigeria. As renewed efforts are emerging to develop a new waqf regime in the country, this study examines this aspect in Gombe metropolis, Nigeria, with a view to identifying the key factors shaping people's perception and awareness towards waqf.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the objective of this study, primary data were collected through a survey among 494 business owners in the Gombe metropolis. The data were then analysed using probit and Tobit regression models.FindingsThe study found that altruistic behaviour, religiosity level, educational level and young age are among the factors that determine people's perception and awareness towards donating to waqf among business owners in Gombe. Altruism and young age embolden businesspersons to recognise the effectiveness of waqf institutions in solving socioeconomic challenges.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study imply that waqf has huge potential in the study area and that with well-structured, organized waqf education programmes within the business community using diverse avenues, a robust waqf sector can be developed.Originality/valueAs far as the study area and the entire Nigerian Islamic economics and finance landscape is concerned, the study has explored a novel research area. Given the infant stage of empirical studies on waqf in Nigeria, there are virtually no previous attempts to examine the awareness and perception of businesspersons towards waqf; variables that are key to the development of an effective sector.
Enhance consumer experience and product attitude in E-commerce live streaming: based on the environmental perspective
Authors: Peng Xixian , Ren Jiaqi , Guo Yutong 
Published: November 2023

PurposeE-commerce live streaming (ELS) has become a new and important shopping channel. Although previous studies have provided insightful findings on how to engage consumers in ELS, limited effort has been made to explore the role of factors of live streaming rooms. Based on the literature on space perception and the retail environment, this study aims to develop a theoretical model to examine how perceived distance and perceived depth affect consumers' affective and cognitive perceptions and then further impact product attitude in ELS.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected 414 valid survey responses to test the proposed research model. Survey data were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS)-structural equation modeling. The PLS Multi-Group analysis (PLS-MGA) was used to test the consistency of the research model across different product types and watching durations.FindingsThe results suggest that environmental factors of a live streaming room (i.e. perceived distance and perceived depth) can impact consumers' attitudes toward the product in the live streaming via both cognitive and affective routes. These effects keep consistent across different product types and watching durations.Originality/valueThe paper focuses on the environmental perspective, which is unexplored in previous literature on ELS. It highlights the importance of the space design of live streaming rooms.
More haste, less speed: leader bottom-line mentality and employee counter-productive social cyberloafing
Authors: Zhou Yue , Chen Peiyi , Liu Qingqing , Wang Tingxi 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between leader bottom-line mentality (BLM) and employee social cyberloafing behavior. Based on social exchange theory, the authors propose that leader BLM will promote employee social cyberloafing behavior via psychological contract breach, especially when employee needs for relatedness is high.Design/methodology/approachTo test the hypotheses, the authors conducted a multi-wave, multi-source field study with 185 paired employee–leader dyads at three time points. The hypotheses were tested by Mplus with a bootstrap approach to obtain confidence intervals.FindingsThe results show that leader BLM has a positive impact on employee social cyberloafing behavior, which is mediated by psychological contract breach. In addition, employee needs for relatedness moderates this process. Specifically, when employees pertain high needs for relatedness, the influence of leader BLM will be stronger.Practical implicationsThis research paper highlights the detrimental influence of leader BLM and provide directions for preventing employee cyberloafing behavior.Originality/valuePrevious studies have drawn inconsistent conclusions on the effectiveness of leader BLM, such as enhancing task performance and eliciting social undermining. This study further explores the underlying mechanism linking leader BLM to employee social cyberloafing behavior and the boundary conditions. This has subsequently provided practitioners with new perspectives regarding why employees engage in counter-productive social cyberloafing.
Ruscombe Artisan Food & Drink Ltd: business dilemmas
Authors: Mehta Anupam , Xiao Ling , Gill-Simmen Lucy 
Published: November 2023

Research methodology
This case is based on primary data collected via interviews with the CEO of the company. The authors obtained the case release form to publish this case.

Case overview/synopsis
Various stakeholders, regulators, environmental activists and public awareness have increased companies’ pressure to contribute to environmental issues. However, the pressure seems to be more on large-scale companies to make progress and have an elaborate vision and goals related to environmental issues than small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
This case deals with the sustainability focus of the CEO of Ruscombe Artisan Food & Drink Ltd. (Made for Drink), an SME in the UK with a voluntary environmental impact investment proposal under consideration while having losses since 2017.
The case integrates the financial aspects and environmental considerations into this strategic investment evaluation process for making a capital investment decision. The case provides the actual financials of the company, including the income statement, balance sheet and cash flow statement of the company since its inception in 2017.
The case information enables students to comprehend and evaluate the consequences of doing a voluntary environmental capital investment project. The students will have the opportunity to apply simple capital investment methods and consider the external and less tangible environmental benefits in their final decision-making.

Complexity academic level
The case is suitable for undergraduate accounting or management modules, mainly introductory modules such as Managing Financial Resources, International Accounting, Finance, Introductory Corporate Finance, Basic Financial Literacy and Entrepreneurship.
Methodology of elastic full‐waveform inversion of multicomponent ocean‐bottom data for anisotropic media
Authors: Sethi Harpreet , Tsvankin Ilya , Shragge Jeff 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFull‐waveform inversion of multicomponent data can provide an improved estimation of medium parameters using both compressional‐ and shear‐wave information. However, most earlier studies that involved a full‐waveform inversion of ocean‐bottom data are based on acoustic anisotropic or elastic isotropic approximations. Here, we consider realistic elastic anisotropic media and develop an efficient full‐waveform inversion framework for estimating model parameters. We simulate seismic wavefields using a previously developed coupled acoustic/elastic wave propagator that implements a mimetic finite‐difference method with fully staggered grids to accurately handle the fluid/solid boundary conditions. The algorithm employs a multiscale approach starting from low frequencies and incorporating higher frequency bands in the later inversion stages. We analyse the influence of different types of input data on the accuracy of the inverted anisotropy parameters for hard and soft water bottoms. The employed misfit function incorporates information from both hydrophones and ocean‐bottom geophones. Numerical examples indicate that injecting multiple data components simultaneously increases the complexity of the objective function and often degrades the quality of the estimated medium parameters. Thus, we propose a sequential strategy using a single data component at a time. Pressure (hydrophone) data alone can provide satisfactory results if long offsets (i.e., with the offset/depth ratio ≥ 3) are available. Adding the horizontal particle‐displacement or ‐velocity components increases the accuracy of the estimated shear‐wave vertical velocity () and P‐wave normal‐moveout () velocity, especially for strongly heterogeneous sub‐water‐bottom models.
A denoising method of microseismic data based on a single‐channel phase space reconstruction and independent component analysis algorithm
Authors: Meng Huijie , Zeng Huahui , Xu Xingrong , Wang Yanxiang , Liu Huan , Li Dongsheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEstimating clean seismic signals from noisy single‐channel records is a hot research topic in the field of microseismic data processing. Due to the existence of strong random noise, the signal‐to‐noise ratio of such data is low, presenting a challenge for signal restoration. In this paper, we propose a denoising method of microseismic data based on a single‐channel phase space reconstruction and independent component analysis algorithm. Specifically, we first apply the phase space reconstruction to transform the one‐dimensional seismic signal into a high‐dimensional phase space in which signal and noise have different trajectories. We then employ independent component analysis to the reconstructed data for noise separation. Experimental results on real microseismic data verify that our proposed denoising method is useful for noise suppression and can enhance the signal‐to‐noise ratio of data, which can be further used for signal identification and event positioning in microseismic monitoring.
Exports of Fruit and Vegetables from Morocco and other Mediterranean Countries to the EU: Some Policy Recommendations from the Covid Pandemic
Authors: Santeramo Fabio G. , Lamonaca Emilia 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe inward flows of fruits and vegetables in the European Union are regulated by the import regime, consisting of a system of quotas and Entry Prices. The effectiveness of this trade policy has been under investigation since the early 2000s and is (still) debated. The pandemic has offered new insights. Growth in trade of fruit and vegetables (F&V) in the Mediterranean region, especially in Morocco, slowed down during the Covid‐19 crisis. While reductions in trade of F&V are likely to be associated with shocks caused by the pandemic, the long‐lasting effects of a well‐established system of policy interventions in the sector should not be neglected. In other words, the effects of the Covid pandemic have only altered the volumes of F&V trade from Mediterranean countries. However, the continued occurrence of excess (low priced) imports of F&V from the Mediterranean region reinforces policy recommendations that point at the need to reform trade policy. The EU import regime should be simplified, by relaxing the controls on prices of imported F&V, and by negotiating off‐season import quotas. The former would shrink running costs while the latter would lower competition among EU producers and Mediterranean exporters.
Expert consensus on the relevance of intestinal microecology and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wang Qiang , Lei Yumeng , Wang Jun , Xu Xiaojun , Wang Liang , Zhou Hao , Guo Zhi ,   Tumor and Microecology Committee of China Anti‐Cancer Association
Published: November 2023

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) affects gut microbial homeostasis, and intestinal microecology (IM) may also affect the prognosis of HSCT through multiple mechanisms. In order to further understand the key issues of the correlation between intestinal microecology and HSCT and to learn and absorb new research progress, the Tumor and Microecology Committee of China Anti‐Cancer Association organized relevant experts to discuss together and propose the “Expert Consensus on the Relevance of Intestinal Microecology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation” for clinicians' reference in their practical work. It is a reference for clinicians in practice and provides a basis for further in‐depth research in the field of tumor and microecology.
Comparison of outcomes in vaccinated versus unvaccinated COVID‐19 kidney transplant recipients, a single center retrospective study—Is the taboo justified?
Authors: Singh Priyamvada , Von Stein Lauren , McGowan Melissa , Nolan Annelise , Ross Adrienne , Kaur Manjit , Maxwell Molly , Ma Jianing , Peng Jing , Pesavento Todd 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe assessed differences in the post‐transplant outcomes between COVID‐19 vaccinated and unvaccinated Kidney transplant (KTx) recipients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, single‐center study of 400 KTx from 2/1/2021 to 4/30/2022 with 6–21 months follow‐up. Primary outcomes included differences in the incidence of post‐transplant COVID‐19, ICU admission for COVID‐19, death, and graft failure between the two groups. Secondary outcomes were inpatient floor admission, outpatient‐management, length of hospital stay during COVID‐19 admission. We also reported rejection, DGF, CMV needing treatment, and BK PCR >10 000 in baseline characteristics.Result70.5% (282/400) were fully vaccinated, and 29.5% (118/400) were unvaccinated. 33% (92/282) of vaccinated and 39% (46/118) of unvaccinated patients developed COVID‐19 (p‐value .03). In both groups, 16% received outpatient treatments for COVID‐19. 3% (12/282) of the vaccinated and 8% (11/118) unvaccinated were admitted to the general floors (p‐value .06), and 1% (3/282) of the vaccinated and 3.3% (4/118) of the unvaccinated patients needed admission to the ICU (p‐value .2). The length of stay was 12 days in both groups. 13/282 (4.6%) vaccinated patients and 7/118 (5.93%) unvaccinated patients died during the follow‐up period (p‐value = .3). COVID‐19 was deemed the etiology of death in 5/13 cases in the vaccinated and 3/7 in the unvaccinated. DGF, rejection, CMV requiring treatment, and BK PCR >10 000 were comparable between groups.ConclusionThe incidence of COVID‐19 was higher in unvaccinated than in vaccinated KTx. The two groups were not statistically different for other primary outcomes, including the need for hospital admissions (outpatient, general floor, ICU), length of hospital stay, death, and graft failure.
Evaluation of manual dexterity when using a mirror of dental students and academicians with increasing professional experience
Authors: Yıldırım Yasin Aykut , Süsgün Yıldırım Zehra , Ergun Nevin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo evaluate the manual dexterity of dentistry students and academicians when using a mirror according to increasing professional experience.Materials and MethodsThe study included 72 subjects, grouped according to professional experience 5th year dentistry students (DS) accepted as no experience—academicians with 1–4 years experience (A5L)—academicians with ≥5 years experience (A5M). Direct and indirect visualisation using the mirror was evaluated with the completion times of the O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test.ResultsThe hand grip strength values of both left and right hand were found to be statistically significantly higher in all the males than in the females (p < .05). The indirect test times (ITT) using the mirror were significantly longer for males than for females (p = .001), and no significant difference was determined between the genders in the direct test times (DTT) (p > .05). For all the study participants, DTT shortened as professional experience increased (p < .05). In addition, the mean values of both DTT (p = .031) and ITT (p = .028) in the DS group were statistically significantly longer than the A5M group.ConclusionWith increasing professional experience, manual dexterity was determined to increase, and females were found to be more successful in the direct manual dexterity tests independently of the groups. The statistical significance between the DS and A5M groups, especially in the hand dexterity test with a mirror, shows the importance of experience. The study results demonstrated that professional manual dexterity in dentistry can be developed with increasing practical application.