bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the assessment of the wave modeling uncertainty in wave climate projections
Authors: Lobeto Hector , Semedo Alvaro , Menendez Melisa , Lemos Gil , Kumar Rajesh , Akpinar Adem , Dobrynin Mikhail , Kamranzad Bahareh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the epistemic uncertainty associated with the wave propagation modeling in wave climate projections. A single-forcing, single-scenario, seven-member global wave climate projection ensemble is used, developed using three wave models with a consistent numerical domain. The uncertainty is assessed through projected changes in wave height, wave period, and wave direction. The relative importance of the wave model used and its internal parameterization are examined. The former is the dominant source of uncertainty in approximately two-thirds of the global ocean. The study reveals divergences in projected changes from runs of different models and runs of the same model with different parameterizations over 75% of the ensemble mean change in several ocean regions. Projected changes in the wave period shows the most significant uncertainties, particularly in the Pacific Ocean basin, while the wave height shows the least. Over 30% of global coastlines exhibit significant uncertainties in at least two out of the three wave climate variables analyzed. The coasts of western North America, the Maritime Continent and the Arabian Sea show the most significant wave modeling uncertainties.
Enhancement of power output of partially shaded photovoltaic system using optimal Sudoku puzzle based triple-tied-cross-link reconfiguration techniques
Authors: Kumar Arjun , Agarwal Ruchi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Partial shade on a photovoltaic (PV) array reduces output power because of mismatch losses. Therefore, selection of PV array configuration is one of the crucial factors to consider for maximum power output. The Triple-Tied-Cross-Link (TTCL) configuration used has lesser tied connection in contrast to the conventional Total-Cross-Tied (TCT) configuration. The performance oSf the TTCL configuration is further enhanced by applying Sudoku puzzles as a reconfiguration technique. Without changing the electrical connection, the Sudoku puzzle is used to arrange the physical placement of the modules in the PV arrays. By dispersing the shading impact over the array, the suggested arrangement reduces the amount of shade that dominates in any one row. The recommended Optimal Sudoku Puzzle (OSP)- based TTCL design’s performance has been compared to the TTCL setup for the 9 × 9 PV array. Six partial shading patterns named Group-I to Group-VI are considered to analyze the performance of the proposed reconfiguration technique. The number of parameters such as global maximum power point (GMPP), open circuit voltage, short circuit current, mismatch loss, fill factor, and efficiency are measured to show its performance under different shading patterns. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the recommended OSP- based TTCL configuration technique. It is investigated that the numerical values in the case of shading pattern Group-III for the performance parameter GMP and fill factor have increased by 11.59% and 16.90 %, respectively, as compared to TTCL configuration. The mismatch loss (ML) was achieved with the lowest value, i.e., 21.98%, when compared to the TTCL (36.13%). The 9 × 9 PV array’s efficiency in the proposed configuration is 13.33%, which is higher than that of TTCL (11.94%) arrangements. From the simulated results, the puzzle-based reconfiguration technique is found to be an optimal approach as compared to traditional configuration.
Gender aspects in occupational exposure and health studies
Authors: Schlünssen Vivi , Jones Rachael M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
While sex is a biological attribute associated with physical and physiological features, gender refers to socially constructed roles, behaviors, expressions, and identities. On the biological side, males and females differ concerning hormonal and anatomical differences, and It is therefore plausible occupational exposure may act differently on males and females. In contrast, gender may influence the work organization, work environment conditions and exposures, and employment conditions, leading people of different genders to perform different jobs or job tasks, be exposed to different stressors, and work under different employment terms.
Traditionally, occupational exposures have been assessed without considering how exposures may differ by sex or gender. Early research focused on occupations that primarily employed men. However, women have entered occupations historically dominated by men, leading to emerging exploration of gender differences in exposure. Some women-dominated occupations have become the focus of intensive research activity. In the Annals, the number of articles including sex and gender issues has increased dramatically over time, with only two published prior to 1980, and 70 in the 2010s, and with a special issue dedicated to Gender, Work, and Health in 2018 where the editors highlighted a need to improve assessment of gender and sex identities to allow for more nuanced knowledge to elucidate the role of work organization and contextual factors about gender, work exposures, and health.
Females, on average, have different body dimensions than males, which affects how well workplaces and personal protective equipment (PPE) fit females, and there remains a need for further improvements to ensure that females are protected equally well. On the other hand, females tend to comply more frequently with PPE requirements than men highlighting the need for gender-specific initiatives in order to increase PPE performance and compliance.
In conclusion, there is still work to do in order to fill in the existing knowledge gap with regard to sex, gender, and work, but there are promising initiatives and the field is progressing.
A - 134 The Impact of Pre-Treatment Mental Health Symptoms on the Efficacy of Cognitive Rehabilitation for Warfighters with a History Mild TBI
Authors: Bailie Jason M , Basham Angela , Caswell Melissa , Lopez Juan , Westphal Alia , Barnard Lori , Siblesz Ana , Babakhanyan Ida 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common among warfighters. Most have a full recovery but some have persistent cognitive complaints. Cognitive rehabilitation is the primary treatment; however, mTBI is highly co-morbid with depression and post-traumatic stress (PTS). This study investigated if high levels of mental health symptoms negatively impacted the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation.

Methods
82 military personnel with at least one diagnosed mTBI and persistent cognitive complaints completed 4–6 weeks of cognitive rehabilitation. PTS was measured by the Post-Traumatic Checklist-5 (PCL-5) and depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 (PHQ8); scores were dichotomized based on published cut-offs (&gt;33 and &gt; 10, respectively). Outcomes included change pre-post treatment on: Neurobehavioral Scale Inventory (NSI), Key Behavior Change Index (KBCI), and Global Deficit Scale (GDS). GDS was derived from: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Color Word, Trail Making, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, and the Symbol Digit Modality Test.

Results
A MANOVA revealed PTS had no effect on the NSI, KBCI, or GDS (p = 0.659). There was a significant effect for depression (p = 0.017); however, this was specific to change in GDS (p = 0.002). The average reduction was 0.98 (SD = 0.87) in high depression and 0.43 (SD = 0.68) in low depression. Depression did not impact NSI or KBCI.

Conclusion
In contrast to the initial hypothesis, high levels of depression or PTS did not negatively impact the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation. In fact, warfighters with high levels of depression had greater improvements in cognitive functioning.
Failing in reverse: a case report of reverse Takotsubo syndrome complicating peripartum
Authors: Hernández-Guajardo Dalí Alejandro , Solís José Gabriel , Flores-Ramírez Ramiro , Carrizales-Sepúlveda Edgar Francisco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy and the peripartum are states of stress for the cardiovascular system. These conditions can trigger different cardiomyopathies. Among these, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) has been increasingly recognized as a cause of transient left ventricular dysfunction associated with pregnancy.

Case summary
We present the case of a 31-year-old multiparous woman with an unusual variant of TC after caesarean delivery.

Discussion
Peripartum cardiomyopathy and TC are particularly interesting differential diagnoses for new systolic dysfunction in pregnancy. Some features, such as the time of presentation, regional or diffuse wall motion abnormalities, evolution, and biomarkers, can guide the clinician to the right diagnosis.
Heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia complicating cardiogenic shock requiring durable mechanical circulatory support: a case report
Authors: Cangialosi Peter , Dembitzer Francine , Anyanwu Anelechi C , Parikh Aditya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia (HIT) is an immune-mediated reaction to heparin therapy that may lead to life-threatening thrombotic events. This disorder complicates intraoperative heparin use during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.

Case summary
A 52-year-old man presented in acute decompensated heart failure. His admission laboratory studies were consistent with cardiogenic shock with a lactate of 6.1 mmol/L (ref range 0.50–1.99 mmol/L). Echocardiogram and CT scan demonstrated severe biventricular dysfunction and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 10%, as well as left upper lobe segmental pulmonary embolism. He was started on inotropes, diuretics, and a heparin infusion. Following heparin initiation, his platelets had decreased by 63% to a nadir of 39 000/µL (ref range 150 000–450 000/µL) and testing confirmed a diagnosis of HIT. His shock state worsened to INTERMACS 1 necessitating escalation of mechanical support. In preparation for HeartMate 3 LVAD implantation, he received 3 cycles of plasmapheresis with one session of IVIG perioperatively, resulting in a 60% reduction in the titre of heparin-dependent platelet antibodies. He underwent successful LVAD implantation including usage of intraoperative heparin, and was discharged home on post-operative Day 17, where he has remained stable on LVAD support.

Discussion
Limited data exist on the perioperative management of patients with HIT undergoing LVAD implantation. Heparin is preferred to other antithrombin agents during surgery due to the availability of an immediate reversal agent. Plasmapheresis with IVIG is a potential management option to decrease heparin-dependent platelet antibodies in patients with HIT to allow for successful LVAD implantation.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals divergence in pathogen response gene families amongst 20 forest tree species
Authors: Lu Mengmeng , Cao Min , Yang Jie , Swenson Nathan G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Forest trees provide critical ecosystem services for humanity that are under threat due to ongoing global change. Measuring and characterizing genetic diversity are key to understanding adaptive potential and developing strategies to mitigate negative consequences arising from climate change. In the area of forest genetic diversity, genetic divergence caused by large-scale changes at the chromosomal level has been largely understudied. In this study, we used the RNA-seq data of 20 co-occurring forest trees species from genera including Acer, Alnus, Amelanchier, Betula, Cornus, Corylus, Dirca, Fraxinus, Ostrya, Populus, Prunus, Quercus, Ribes, Tilia, and Ulmus sampled from Upper Peninsula of Michigan. These data were used to infer the origin and maintenance of gene family variation, species divergence time, as well as gene family expansion and contraction. We identified a signal of common whole genome duplication events shared by core eudicots. We also found rapid evolution, namely fast expansion or fast contraction of gene families, in plant–pathogen interaction genes amongst the studied diploid species. Finally, the results lay the foundation for further research on the genetic diversity and adaptive capacity of forest trees, which will inform forest management and conservation policies.
The safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant tuberculous empyema
Authors: Yao Li , Wang Bing , Chen Xianxiang , Liu Qibin , Sheng Jian , Liu Xiaoyu , Dai Xiyong , Jiang Yuhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant tuberculous empyema (TE).

METHODS
We analysed all patients with stage III TE who underwent decortication between March 2015 and October 2019 at Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to drug-susceptibility testing of bronchoscopy lavage fluid, pleural effusion and tissue specimens, including a drug-resistant group and a drug-sensitive group. We collected and compared the preoperative, perioperative and postoperative data from the 2 groups to evaluate the safety and efficacy of decortication for stage III drug-resistant TE.

RESULTS
In total, 135 cases met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled, including 30 cases in the drug-resistant group and 105 cases in the drug-sensitive group. No deaths were recorded for the entire study population. Compared to the drug-sensitive group, the drug-resistant group had longer operation times (259.8 ± 78.4 min vs 187.2 ± 56.0 min, P = 0.00), a larger volume of intraoperative blood loss [300 (200,400) ml vs 200 (130, 300) ml, P = 0.00] and a higher intraoperative transfusion rate (5/30, 16.7% vs 4/105, 3.8%, P = 0.04). The rate of complications was significantly higher in the drug-resistant group (23; 76.7%) than in the drug-sensitive group (53; 50.5%) (P = 0.01). Recurrence was not reported in any of the patients. Twenty-three (76.7%) patients in the drug-resistant group and 90 (85.7%) patients in the drug-sensitive group recovered to an “excellent” level, and 3 cases in each group recovered to a “poor” level; there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in surgical effects (P = 0.21).

CONCLUSIONS
Decortication is a safe, effective and feasible option for patients with stage III drug-resistant TE, although the operation is difficult and risky.
Exploring drivers and challenges influencing antibiotic prescribing in outpatient settings and possible mitigation strategies in the United Arab Emirates: a qualitative study
Authors: Sadeq Ahmed A , Issa Farah Ahmed , Bakhit Mina , Al-Tamimi Maitha Abdul-Aziz , Babiker Zahir Osman Eltahir , Alshabebi Raghad S Ismail , Abdallah Jehad , Nsutebo Emmanuel Fru , Moukarzel Marleine B , Abukhater Rawan , Conway Barbara R , Bond Stuart E , Khan Sidra , Aldeyab Mamoon A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Healthcare institutions implement antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes to optimize the use of antibiotics. The focus is often on inpatient rather than outpatient settings. We aimed to explore perceptions of AMS stakeholders on effective interventions for appropriate antibiotic use in outpatient settings, and the role of clinical pharmacists in the AMS multidisciplinary team.

Methods
A qualitative semi-structured interview study using thematic analysis by two researchers independently. Participants that practice AMS programmes were recruited from healthcare facilities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Interviews were conducted face to face or online and transcribed verbatim.

Results
Four themes emerged: (i) Perceived factors leading to unnecessary or inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and their impact on patients and the community; (ii) current outpatient AMS activities and perceived barriers and facilitators for their sustainability; (iii) suggested outpatient AMS strategies to be implemented in outpatient settings; and (iv) perceived future AMS implementation barriers and suggested mitigation strategies.

Conclusions
Several AMS interventions, together with the presence of a clinical pharmacist, may be effective in improving antibiotic use in UAE outpatient settings. Future research should investigate the most appropriate AMS strategy considering barriers and possible mitigation strategies to ensure sustainability.
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Milestones: A Step in the Right Direction to Evaluate Subspecialty Learners
Authors: Thomas Sanya J , Anderson Marsha S , Adderson Elisabeth E , Edgar Laura , Curtis Donna , Dong Sara W , Fatemi Yasaman , Hecht Shaina M , James Scott H , Lehman Alice , Michelow Ian C , Perez Norma , Sattler Matthew M , Myers Angela L , Martin-Blais Rachel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We share the work of the ACGME Pediatric Infectious Diseases Working Group in creating the Pediatric Infectious Diseases-Specific Milestones and discuss key considerations that lead to the reformation of competencies to better assess learners in Pediatric Infectious Diseases.
The FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot Survey – III. Timing results of 30 newly discovered pulsars
Authors: Su W Q , Han J L , Wang P F , Yuan J P , Wang Chen , Zhou D J , Wang Tao , Yan Yi , Jing W C , Yang Z L , Cai N N , Chen Xue , Xu Jun , Xie Lang , Wang H G , Xu R X , You X P 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Timing observations are crucial for determining the basic parameters of newly discovered pulsars. Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) with the L-band 19-beam receiver covering the frequency range of 1.0–1.5 GHz, the FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) Survey has discovered more than 600 faint pulsars with flux densities of only a few or a few tens of μJy at 1.25 GHz. To obtain accurate position, spin parameters and dispersion measure of a pulsar, and to calculate derived parameters such as the characteristic age and surface magnetic field, we collect available FAST pulsar data obtained either through targeted follow-up observations or through coincidental survey observations with one of the 19 beams of the receiver. From these data we obtain time of arrival (TOA) measurements for 30 newly discovered pulsars as well as for 13 known pulsars. We demonstrate that the TOA measurements acquired by the FAST from any beams of the receiver in any observation mode (e.g. the tracking mode or the snapshot mode) can be combined to get timing solutions. We update the ephemerides of 13 previously known pulsars and obtain the first phase-coherent timing results for 30 isolated pulsars discovered in the FAST GPPS Survey. Notably, PSR J1904+0853 is an isolated millisecond pulsar, PSR J1906+0757 is a disrupted recycled pulsar, and PSR J1856+0211 has a long period of 9.89 s that can constrain pulsar death lines. Based on these timing solutions, all available FAST data have been added together to obtain the best pulse profiles for these pulsars.
Efficacy and Safety of Darolutamide in Combination With Androgen-Deprivation Therapy and Docetaxel in Black Patients From the Randomized ARASENS Trial
Authors: Shore Neal D , Hussain Maha , Saad Fred , Fizazi Karim , Sternberg Cora N , Crawford David , Tombal Bertrand , Nordquist Luke , Cookson Michael , Verholen Frank , Jhaveri Jay , Srinivasan Shankar , Smith Matthew R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
In the ARASENS trial (NCT02799602), darolutamide in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and docetaxel significantly reduced the risk of death by 32.5% (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57-0.80; P &lt; .0001) compared with placebo plus ADT with docetaxel in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). We present efficacy and safety of darolutamide versus placebo in Black patients from ARASENS.

Patients and Methods
Patients with mHSPC were randomized 1:1 to darolutamide 600 mg or placebo twice daily in combination with ADT and docetaxel. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Key secondary endpoints included time to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and safety.

Results
In ARASENS, 54 Black patients received darolutamide (n = 26) or placebo (n = 28) plus ADT and docetaxel. In Black patients, overall survival favored darolutamide versus placebo (median, not reached vs. 38.7 months; stratified HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17-1.02), with 4-year survival rates of 62% versus 41%. The darolutamide group also had longer time to CRPC compared with the placebo group (median, not reached vs .12.6 months; HR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.02-0.30). The safety profile of darolutamide in Black patients was consistent with that observed for the overall ARASENS population (grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events, TEAEs: 61.5% vs. 66.1%; serious TEAEs: 42.3% vs. 44.8%).

Conclusion
In this small population of Black patients with mHSPC from the ARASENS trial, darolutamide was associated with an improvement in survival and time to CRPC and was well tolerated. Efficacy and safety findings in Black patients were consistent with the overall ARASENS population.
High-Quality Genome Resource of Nothophoma quercina Causing Brown Spot Disease in Pears
Authors: Liu Lun , Ma Panpan , Luo Tingyue , Sun Yu , Tang Xiaomei , Heng Wei , Jia Bing , Zhu Liwu , Ye Zhenfeng 
Published: October 2023

Brown spot, a serious disease caused by Nothophoma quercina, results in small, brown, round-to-oval lesions on the leaves and is a major concern in the pear industry. We previously reported a new pathogenic strain NqHH of Nothophoma quercina, which was isolated from ‘Huanghua’ pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai, cultivar Huanghua) leaves. However, genome information regarding this pathogen is limited. Herein, we detected the genome-wide sequence of the NqHH strain using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio Sequel Ⅱ systems. The genome of NqHH was estimated to be 35.3 Mb with an N50 length of 1.37 Mb, encoding for 11,659 predicted protein-coding genes. This genome sequence provides valuable information for the selection of pathogenic effectors and comparative genomics of brown spot disease in pears. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .