bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asteroseismic modelling strategies in the PLATO era
Authors: Bétrisey J. , Buldgen G. , Reese D. R. , Meynet G. 
Published: November 2023

Context. In the framework of the PLATO mission, to be launched in late 2026, seismic inversion techniques will play a key role in determining the mission precision requirements in terms of stellar mass, radius, and age. It is therefore relevant to discuss the challenges of the automation of seismic inversions, which were originally developed for individual modelling.
Aims. We tested the performance of our newly developed quality assessment procedure of seismic inversions, which was designed for pipeline implementation.
Methods. We applied our assessment procedure to a testing set composed of 26 reference models. We divided our testing set into two categories: calibrator targets whose inversion behaviour is well known from the literature and targets for which we assessed the quality of the inversion manually. We then compared the results of our assessment procedure with our expectations as a human modeller for three types of inversions: the mean density inversion, the acoustic radius inversion, and the central entropy inversion.
Results. We find that our quality assessment procedure performs as well as a human modeller. The mean density inversion and the acoustic radius inversion are suited to large-scale applications, but not the central entropy inversion, at least in its current form.
Conclusions. Our assessment procedure shows promising results for a pipeline implementation. It is based on the by-products of the inversion and therefore requires few numerical resources to quickly assess the quality of an inversion result.
Reconstruction of electron precipitation spectra at the top of the upper atmosphere using 427.8 nm auroral images
Authors: Robert Elisa , Barthelemy Mathieu , Cessateur Gael , Woelfflé Angélique , Lamy Hervé , Bouriat Simon , Gullikstad Johnsen Magnar , Brändström Urban , Biree Lionel 
Published: November 2023

We present an innovative method to reconstruct the characteristics of precipitated electrons in auroral regions from optical measurements. This method is based on an optimization implemented between numerical simulations of the Transsolo code and tomographic maps made from the Auroral Large Imaging System (ALIS) network. We focus on the Volume Emission Rate (VER) of the blue line
$ {\mathrm{N}}_2^{+}$
1NG 427.8 nm, which is the most representative line of the energy deposition by electrons. The optimization is tested with the ALIS measurements carried out on March 05, 2008, at 18:41:30 UT and 18:42:40 UT. The reconstruction is performed by extracting the energy flux and the mean energy of the precipitating particles. Both Maxwellian and quasi-monoenergetic energy distributions are considered. Calculations performed with a Maxwellian energy distribution yielded a mean energy ranging from 1.8 to 5.2 keV with energy flux from 0.1 to 44.3 erg·cm−2·s−1 for 18:41:30 UT, and a mean energy from 2.2 to 9.5 keV with energy flux from 2.1 to 136.7 erg·cm−2·s−1 for 18:42:40 UT. Assuming a quasi-monoenergetic energy distribution, we find a mean energy ranging from 4.2 to 11.8 keV with energy flux ranging from 0.1 to 45 erg·cm−2·s−1 for 18:41:30 UT, and 8 to 17.1 keV with energy flux ranging from 2.2 to 110.1 erg·cm−2·s−1 for 18:42:40 UT. Moreover, we show this method allows us to reconstruct the energy characteristic of the precipitating electrons on a large region covering approximately 150 km × 150 km. This study also shows that some VER profiles of the maps are better fitted by quasi mono-energetic distributions while some others correspond to broadband distributions. It appears clearly that the energy flux is linked to the column integrated intensity, the mean energy is linked with the peak altitude of the emission, and the width of the energy distribution with the altitude thickness of the emissions.
Neue Aspekte bei der pulmonalen Hypertonie im Kindesalter – kommentierte 2022ERS/ESC-PH-Guidelines
Authors: Apitz Christian , Kozlik-Feldmann Rainer , Eichstaedt Christina A. , Gorenflo Matthias , Lammers Astrid E. , Geiger Ralf 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungLungenhochdruck im Kindesalter unterscheidet sich von dem des Erwachsenenalters insbesondere durch die spezifische Pathophysiologie der herzfehlerassoziierten pulmonalarteriellen Hypertonie, das Vorkommen von entwicklungsbedingten Lungenerkrankungen und die häufige Assoziation mit chromosomalen, genetischen und syndromalen Auffälligkeiten. Die Behandlung von Kindern mit pulmonaler Hypertonie erfordert einen auf das Kindesalter zugeschnittenen modifizierten diagnostischen Algorithmus sowie pathophysiologisch orientierte therapeutische Strategien. In den aktuellen 2022 ERS/ESC-Pulmonale Hypertonie-Leitlinien werden die spezifischen Besonderheiten des Lungenhochdrucks im Kindesalter in einem Extrakapitel hervorgehoben und in diesem Artikel vom Kreis der Autorenschaft kommentiert.
The Potential of Anti-coronavirus Plant Secondary Metabolites in COVID-19 Drug Discovery as an Alternative to Repurposed Drugs: A Review
Authors: Alipour Zahra , Zarezadeh Somayeh , Ghotbi-Ravandi Ali Akbar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn early 2020, a global pandemic was announced due to the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known to cause COVID-19. Despite worldwide efforts,
there are only limited options regarding antiviral drug treatments for COVID-19. Although vaccines are now available, issues such as declining efficacy against different SARS-CoV-2 variants
and the aging of vaccine-induced immunity highlight the importance of finding more antiviral drugs as a second line of defense against the disease. Drug repurposing has been used to rapidly
find COVID-19 therapeutic options. Due to the lack of clinical evidence for the therapeutic benefits and certain serious side effects of repurposed antivirals, the search for an antiviral
drug against SARS-CoV-2 with fewer side effects continues. In recent years, numerous studies have included antiviral chemicals from a variety of plant species. A better knowledge of the
possible antiviral natural products and their mechanism against SARS-CoV-2 will help to develop stronger and more targeted direct-acting antiviral agents. The aim of the present study was to
compile the current data on potential plant metabolites that can be investigated in COVID-19 drug discovery and development. This review represents a collection of plant secondary
metabolites and their mode of action against SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.
Endovascular Management of Postoperative Hemorrhage after Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Shariq Mohd , Gala Kunal , Gandhi Aditi , Gandhi Rozil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to assess the safety and efficacy of endovascular management for postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent endovascular management for hemorrhage after pancreatic surgery between January 2015 to December 2020 was performed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, angiography findings, endovascular procedure, technical success, clinical success, and complications were assessed.
Results Seventeen patients, comprising 14 (82.4%) males and 3 (17.6%) females, aged 37 to 68 years underwent endovascular management for postpancreatectomy hemorrhage. Patients presented with hemorrhage on their postoperative days 4 to 22 (mean: 9.8th day; median: 8th day); the presentation was with extraluminal hemorrhage in 11 patients (64.7%) and intraluminal hemorrhage in 6 patients (35.2%). The gastroduodenal artery (GDA) stump (10 patients, 58.8%) was the most commonly involved artery. The majority of cases were treated using coils as embolizing agents (13/17 patients, 76.5%). The technical and clinical success rates were 100%. The complication rate was 5.9% (1/17) and the mortality rate was 11.8% (2/17). The relaparotomy rate was 23.5% (4/17); however, none of the relaparotomy was for hemorrhage.
Conclusion Endovascular treatment provides a minimally invasive, safe, and effective method for the management of pancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage.
Limb Ischemia Secondary to Inadvertent Intravascular Angio-Seal Closure Device Deployment
Authors: Justaniah Almamoon I. , Alharbi Ahmad T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVascular closure devices (VCD) are frequently used after endovascular interventions to attain faster hemostasis, earlier mobilization, and patient comfort compared to manual compression. VCDs are safe. However, rare complications have been reported. We report a case of an inadvertent intravascular deployment of an Angio-Seal VCD causing limb ischemia and discussing management options from our experience and the previously published cases.
CT and Angiographic Findings among COVID-19-Positive Patients Presenting with Stroke and Their Outcomes
Authors: Badrawi Noor , Elawad Noon , Mukherjee Amritendu , Muhdi Ahmad Abdel , Al-Sibaie Ayman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background The study aims to assess and compare the computed tomographic and angiographic findings and clinical outcomes among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive and COVID-19-negative patients.
Methods We conducted a retrospective study of all patients presenting with acute stroke to our facility between March 2020 and October 2021. Demographics, risk factors, COVID-19 status, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), mode of treatment, length of hospital stay, imaging findings, and angiographic and clinical outcomes were extracted from electronic medical records. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Pregnant patients, those under the age of 18, and those found to have an alternative diagnosis were excluded. We identified 103 patients with acute stroke who underwent thrombolysis and/or mechanical thrombectomy, 16 of whom were found to be COVID-positive (study group), while 87 of them had negative status (control group).
Results The mean age of both groups (COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative) was 56 years, and 85% were male. The most frequently involved vessel was the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (37% in COVID-19-positive patients vs. 41% in COVID-19-negative patients). Sixty-one patients underwent thrombectomy, and both groups had comparable successful recanalization. Patients with COVID-19 infection were more likely to have a more extended hospital stay and a higher average NIHSS score at discharge.
Conclusion Our study shows that ischemic stroke in COVID-19 occurs in predominantly male patients, with the middle cerebral artery being the most frequently involved vascular territory. Furthermore, there is a longer hospital stay and worse morbidity regardless of the mode of treatment and imaging findings in COVID-19-positive patients.
Co-learning in university-community engagement for sustainable local food systems in South Africa
Authors: Habiyaremye Alexis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe legacy of racial and spatial segregation in South Africa has left an epistemic chasm between knowledge-producing institutions and members of disadvantaged communities most in need of applying scientific knowledge to address their local societal challenges. The aim of this study is to examine how the co-learning approach can be used to bridge the knowledge asymmetry between university researchers and communities within which their institutions are embedded by building bonds of mutual trust and involving target knowledge users in the design and testing of technological solutions targeted to their needs. Using the outcome mapping (OM) analysis of project documents and key informant interviews of participants in the co-learning project between the University of Johannesburg and Soweto smallholder farmers, this study illustrates the contribution of the co-learning approach to shaping networks of successful innovation co-creation. Our findings indicate that co-learning leads to the optimisation of the capacity building speed when co-learning partners have a shared commitment to the outcomes and application of the co-created knowledge.
Political framing of Covid-19
Authors: Mohammadi Ariana N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The present study is a corpus-based discourse analysis of the metaphorical framing of Covid-19 in American political discourse. Drawing on data from a corpus of the White House briefings and statements, the study investigates the corpus profile of war and virus and illustrates how the Coronavirus is primarily represented as an enemy to go to war with, rather than a public health crisis to control and mitigate. The study further situates the militaristic framing of Covid-19 within the theoretical framework of moral panic and examines the discursive features that ultimately bridge the metaphorical representation of the pandemic and the construction of moral panic. The study points to nuanced discourse strategies used in the White House press briefings that reconstruct the enemy and regroup the Coronavirus with other so-called enemies of the United States, such as the Communists, as well as the Islamic radicals and the Latin gangs and cartels.
Inter-generational attrition
Authors: Smith Giuditta , Spelorzi Roberta , Sorace Antonella , Garraffa Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The phenomenon of language change in contact has been explored most significantly in speakers of a language who
migrate, while fewer studies explore how language is affected across different generations. In this study, we aimed to investigate
the role of inter-generational attrition on the production of clitic pronouns and clitic clusters. 86 adult speakers of Italian
took part in the study: homeland residents, long-term UK residents, and heritage speakers born and living in the UK from Italian
families. Participants were tested on the production of different instances of clitic pronouns including clusters, a novelty of
the study, and differences in response distribution were analysed with General Additive Models. Results reveal that the homeland
population shows a strong preference for the production of clitics and clitic clusters, long-term residents retain a preference
for clitics but not clusters, and heritage speakers disfavour the use of both clitics and clusters across the board, preferring
the use of lexical items. This neat pattern of use across generations of migrants suggests a loss of the specificity and
preference of clitics through language transmission between different generations of speakers of Italian removed from the homeland
and immersed in a non-clitic language.
The study of N-polar GaN/InAlN MOS-HEMT and T-gate HEMT biosensors
Authors: Liu Yue , Ma Yuzhen , Guo Haiqiu , Fu Su , Liu Yuhui , Wei Guangfen , Liu Yanli , Hao Yaming , Chen Dunjun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The sensing performance of N-polar GaN/InAlN MOS-HEMT biosensors for neutral biomolecules was investigated and compared with the Ga-polar MOS-HEMT and N-polar T-gate HEMT by numerical simulation. The results indicate that the N-polar GaN/InAlN MOS-HEMT biosensor has higher sensing sensitivity than the Ga-polar MOS-HEMT and N-polar T-gate HEMT biosensors. Furtherly, to improve the sensing performance of N-polar MOS-HEMT, the influence of cavity dimensions, GaN channel layer thickness, and InAlN back barrier layer thickness on device performance was investigated. It is demonstrated that the sensitivity of the biosensor increases as the cavity height decreases and the cavity length increases. Therefore, the sensing performance of the N-polar MOS-HEMT device will be enhanced by thinning the GaN channel layer thickness or increasing the InAlN back barrier thickness, which can be mainly attributed to the variation of the energy band structure and two-dimensional electron gas concentration in the HEMT heterostructure. Finally, the highest sensitivity can be obtained for the N-polar MOS-HEMT with 6 nm-thick GaN channel layer, 30 nm-thick InAlN back barrier layer, and two 0.9 μm-long and 5 nm-high cavities. This work provides structural optimal design guidance for the N-polar HEMT biosensor.
Symmetric bidirectional quantum teleportation via eight-qubit cluster state
Authors: Dai Rui , Li Haisheng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a symmetric bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol through an eight-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel to achieve GHZ state interchange between two parties. Alice and Bob must first perform two CNOT gate operations on the unknown GHZ state to be sent in our scheme. Next, they need to complete the Bell state measurements and the corresponding unitary operations to obtain the corresponding GHZ state. Our protocol has lower operational complexity and higher inherent efficiency compared to other protocols. In addition, we have simulated the quantum circuit on the IBM qasm simulator to verify the feasibility of the protocol.
Ambient humidity, the overlooked influencer of radioactivity measurements
Authors: Pommé S , Stroh H , Altzitzoglou T , Paepen J , Van Ammel R , Marouli M , Verheyen L , Unterweger M , Fitzgerald R , Bergeron D E , Pibida L , Nähle O , Kossert K , Ramirez N , Bendall E , Fenwick A , Ferreira K , Keightley J , Baker M , Collins S , Michotte C , Courte S , Coulon R , Jackson T W , Van Wyngaardt W M , Fazio A , De Felice P , Vodenik B , Korun M , Juget F , Bailat C , Nedjadi Y , Bochud F , Buchillier T , Roy T , Galea R , Kajan I , Van Rooy M W , McGinnity P , Tucakovic I , Osvath I , Pelczar K 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When verifying the validity of the exponential-decay law through 137 precise decay rate measurement series at various nuclear laboratories, minor violations have been observed in the shape of annual cycles in the residuals with different amplitudes and phase shifts. The timing and amplitude of these deviations have been compared with local weather data and it appears that ambient humidity is highly correlated with the observed instabilities in these radioactivity measurements. In fact, when compensating the residuals for a linear relationship with absolute humidity in air, most of the annual cycles are no longer statistically significant. As a result, the validity of the exponential-decay law can now be demonstrated with even higher fidelity.
The role of distinct ECoG frequency features in decoding finger movement
Authors: Merino Eva Calvo , Faes A , Van Hulle M M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. To identify the electrocorticography (ECoG) frequency features that encode distinct finger movement states during repeated finger flexions. Approach. We used the publicly available Stanford ECoG dataset of cue-based, repeated single finger flexions. Using linear regression, we identified the spectral features that contributed most to the encoding of movement dynamics and discriminating movement events from rest, and combined them to predict finger movement trajectories. Furthermore, we also looked into the effect of the used frequency range and the spatial distribution of the identified features. Main results. Two frequency features generate superior performance, each one for a different movement aspect: high gamma band activity distinguishes movement events from rest, whereas the local motor potential (LMP) codes for movement dynamics. Combining these two features in a finger movement decoder outperformed comparable prior work where the entire spectrum was used as the average correlation coefficient with the true trajectories increased from 0.45 to 0.5, both applied to the Stanford dataset, and erroneous predictions during rest were demoted. In addition, for the first time, our results show the influence of the upper cut-off frequency used to extract LMP, yielding a higher performance when this range is adjusted to the finger movement rate. Significance. This study shows the benefit of a detailed feature analysis prior to designing the finger movement decoder.
Novel machine learning approaches for improving the reproducibility and reliability of functional and effective connectivity from functional MRI
Authors: Mellema Cooper J , Montillo Albert A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. New measures of human brain connectivity are needed to address gaps in the existing measures and facilitate the study of brain function, cognitive capacity, and identify early markers of human disease. Traditional approaches to measure functional connectivity (FC) between pairs of brain regions in functional MRI, such as correlation and partial correlation, fail to capture nonlinear aspects in the regional associations. We propose a new machine learning based measure of FC (
ML.FC
) which efficiently captures linear and nonlinear aspects. Approach. To capture directed information flow between brain regions, effective connectivity (EC) metrics, including dynamic causal modeling and structural equation modeling have been used. However, these methods are impractical to compute across the many regions of the whole brain. Therefore, we propose two new EC measures. The first, a machine learning based measure of effective connectivity (
ML.EC
), measures nonlinear aspects across the entire brain. The second, Structurally Projected Granger Causality (
SP.GC
) adapts Granger Causal connectivity to efficiently characterize and regularize the whole brain EC connectome to respect underlying biological structural connectivity. The proposed measures are compared to traditional measures in terms of reproducibility and the ability to predict individual traits in order to demonstrate these measures’ internal validity. We use four repeat scans of the same individuals from the Human Connectome Project and measure the ability of the measures to predict individual subject physiologic and cognitive traits. Main results. The proposed new FC measure of
ML.FC
attains high reproducibility (mean intra-subject R
2 of 0.44), while the proposed EC measure of
SP.GC
attains the highest predictive power (mean R
2 across prediction tasks of 0.66). Significance. The proposed methods are highly suitable for achieving high reproducibility and predictiveness and demonstrate their strong potential for future neuroimaging studies.
The Impact of Teaching Simple Harmonic Motion Supported by A Smartphone-based Sensor on Students’ Conceptual Mastery
Authors: Arum A S , Suana W , Permadi D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the common challenges encountered when conducting physics experiments is ensuring measurement accuracy. Conversely, the emergence of smartphone-based sensor applications presents an opportunity to address these issues. Thus, this research aimed to assess the effectiveness of Physics Toolbox Sensor Suite (PTSS), a smartphone-based sensor, in enhancing students’ conceptual mastery of simple harmonic motion. The study employed a non-equivalent control group design, with a valid and reliable multiple-choice test as the research instrument. The sample comprised 70 2nd grade students from a public senior high school in Indonesia, with 35 students for each experimental and control group. The research was conducted during the Even Semester of the 2022/2023 Academic Year at a public high school in Lampung Province. Both groups were instructed using the same pedagogical approach-discovery learning. However, the experimental group conducted experiments aided by PTSS, while the control group did not. N-gain analysis revealed a greater increase in conceptual mastery within the experimental class compared to the control class. The average n-gain for the experimental group was 0.74, whereas for the control group, it was only 0.64. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney test indicated an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.004, smaller than 0.05, suggesting that smartphone-based sensors like PTSS could facilitate simple harmonic motion experiments and enhance students’ conceptual mastery.