bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fever education for caregivers in the emergency room (The FEVER study)–an interventional trial
Authors: Lynch Catherine J. , Kuhar Maja , Blackburn Carol , Barrett Michael J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the vast majority of fevers representing benign self-limiting illnesses, caregiver anxiety regarding fever is high. Empowering caregivers with knowledge to safely and appropriately manage fever at home has the potential to reduce demands upon healthcare services.

Aim
To improve caregiver knowledge about fever and its management in children via an educational intervention.

Methods
Caregivers of children over 6 months presenting with fever to a Paediatric Emergency Department were recruited. A pre-intervention survey was completed to ascertain caregiver knowledge about fever and its management. The intervention of (i) an infographic about fever, with (ii) a short video on fever was viewed. A post-intervention survey re-assessed knowledge. The primary outcome was the correct definition of fever as a temperature ≥38 °C.

Results
Caregivers (n = 51) who correctly defined fever increased from 41% (n = 21) pre-intervention to 94% (n = 48) post-intervention. There was a reduction in common misconceptions about fever, including a higher fever representing a more serious infection (76% vs. 8%). Caregivers reported they were less likely to seek emergency healthcare due to the height and nature of the fever alone.

Conclusions
A simple brief educational intervention can rapidly increase caregiver knowledge about fever in children. There is a continuing need for clear, easily-accessible information for caregivers on this topic.

Impact

Parental knowledge about fever and how to manage it in their children is low.

A simple brief educational intervention can significantly increase caregiver knowledge about fever.

A combined written and audiovisual approach is effective and well-received by parents.

Educating caregivers has the potential to improve the management of childhood fever at home and to reduce the burden on healthcare services, as well as reduce unpleasant hospital visits for children and their caregivers.
Age-related secretion of grancalcin by macrophages induces skeletal stem/progenitor cell senescence during fracture healing
Authors: Zou Nan-Yu , Liu Ran , Huang Mei , Jiao Yu-Rui , Wei Jie , Jiang Yangzi , He Wen-Zhen , Huang Min , Xu Yi-Li , Liu Ling , Sun Yu-Chen , Yang Mi , Guo Qi , Huang Yan , Su Tian , Xiao Ye , Wang Wei-Shan , Zeng Chao , Lei Guang-Hua , Luo Xiang-Hang , Li Chang-Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSkeletal stem/progenitor cell (SSPC) senescence is a major cause of decreased bone regenerative potential with aging, but the causes of SSPC senescence remain unclear. In this study, we revealed that macrophages in calluses secrete prosenescent factors, including grancalcin (GCA), during aging, which triggers SSPC senescence and impairs fracture healing. Local injection of human rGCA in young mice induced SSPC senescence and delayed fracture repair. Genetic deletion of Gca in monocytes/macrophages was sufficient to rejuvenate fracture repair in aged mice and alleviate SSPC senescence. Mechanistically, GCA binds to the plexin-B2 receptor and activates Arg2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in cellular senescence. Depletion of Plxnb2 in SSPCs impaired fracture healing. Administration of GCA-neutralizing antibody enhanced fracture healing in aged mice. Thus, our study revealed that senescent macrophages within calluses secrete GCA to trigger SSPC secondary senescence, and GCA neutralization represents a promising therapy for nonunion or delayed union in elderly individuals.
Neddylation of insulin receptor substrate acts as a bona fide regulator of insulin signaling and its implications for cancer cell migration
Authors: Park Jun Bum , Moon Geon Ho , Cho Ara , Kwon Minji , Park Jong-Wan , Yi Eugene C. , Kim Haeryoung , Fukuda Junji , Kwak Cheol , Ko Young-Gyu , Chun Yang-Sook 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIrregularities in insulin signaling have significantly increased the risk of various cancers, yet the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Within our study, we observed that inhibiting neddylation enhances cancer cell migration across different cancer types by activating both insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), along with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Notably, in the context of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients, whether they had type 2 diabetes mellitus or not, IRS1 and IRS2 displayed a parallel relationship with each other while exhibiting an inverse relationship with NEDD8. We also identified C-CBL as an E3 ligase responsible for neddylating IRS1 and IRS2, with clinical evidence further confirming a reciprocal relationship between C-CBL and pAKT, thereby reinforcing the tumor suppressive role of C-CBL. Altogether, these findings suggest that neddylation genuinely participates in IRS1 and IRS2-dependent insulin signaling, effectively suppressing cancer cell migration. Thus, caution is advised when considering neddylation inhibitors as a treatment option for cancer patients, particularly those presenting with insulin signaling dysregulations linked to conditions like obesity-related type 2 diabetes or hyperinsulinemia.
Unlocking the potential: analyzing 3D microstructure of small-scale cement samples from space using deep learning
Authors: Saseendran Vishnu , Yamamoto Namiko , Collins Peter J. , Radlińska Aleksandra , Mueller Sara , Jackson Enrique M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the prohibitive cost of transporting raw materials into Space, in-situ materials along with cement-like binders are poised to be employed for extraterrestrial construction. A unique methodology for obtaining microstructural topology of cement samples hydrated in microgravity environment at the International Space Station (ISS) is presented here. Distinctive Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs of hardened tri-calcium silicate (C3S) samples were used as exemplars in a deep learning-based microstructure reconstruction framework. The proposed method aids in generation of an ensemble of microstructures that is inherently statistical in nature, by utilizing sparse experimental data such as the C3S samples hydrated in microgravity. The hydrated space-returned samples had exhibited higher porosity content (~70 %) with the portlandite phase assuming an elongated plate-like morphology. Qualitative assessment of the volumetric slices from the reconstructed volumes showcased similar visual characteristics to that of the target 2D exemplar. Detailed assessment of the reconstructed volumes was carried out using statistical descriptors, and was further compared against micro-CT virtual data. The reconstructed volumes captured the unique microstructural morphology of the hardened C3S samples of both space-returned and ground-based samples, and can be directly employed as Representative Volume Element (RVE) to characterize mechanical/transport properties.
Dipolar skyrmions and antiskyrmions of arbitrary topological charge at room temperature
Authors: Hassan Mariam , Koraltan Sabri , Ullrich Aladin , Bruckner Florian , Serha Rostyslav O. , Levchenko Khrystyna V. , Varvaro Gaspare , Kiselev Nikolai S. , Heigl Michael , Abert Claas , Suess Dieter , Albrecht Manfred 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are localized, stable topological magnetic textures that can move and interact with each other like ordinary particles when an external stimulus is applied. The efficient control of the motion of spin textures using spin-polarized currents opened an opportunity for skyrmionic devices such as racetrack memory and neuromorphic or reservoir computing. The coexistence of skyrmions with high topological charge in the same system promises further possibilities for efficient technological applications. In this work, we directly observe dipolar skyrmions and antiskyrmions with arbitrary topological charge in Co/Ni multilayers at room temperature. We explore the dipolar-stabilized spin objects with topological charges of up to 10 and characterize their nucleation process, their energy dependence on the topological charge and the effect of the material parameters on their stability. Furthermore, our micromagnetic simulations demonstrate spin-transfer-induced motion of these spin objects, which is important for their potential device application.
Engineering multimode interactions in circuit quantum acoustodynamics
Authors: von Lüpke Uwe , Rodrigues Ines C. , Yang Yu , Fadel Matteo , Chu Yiwen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, important progress has been made towards encoding and processing quantum information in the large Hilbert space of bosonic modes. Mechanical resonators have several practical advantages for this purpose, because they confine many high-quality-factor modes into a small volume and can be easily integrated with different quantum systems. However, it is challenging to create direct interactions between different mechanical modes that can be used to emulate quantum gates. Here we demonstrate an in situ tunable beamsplitter-type interaction between several mechanical modes of a high-overtone bulk acoustic-wave resonator. The engineered interaction is mediated by a parametrically driven superconducting transmon qubit, and we show that it can be tailored to couple pairs or triplets of phononic modes. Furthermore, we use this interaction to demonstrate the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect between phonons. Our results lay the foundations for using phononic systems as quantum memories and platforms for quantum simulations.
Computationally designed sensors detect endogenous Ras activity and signaling effectors at subcellular resolution
Authors: Zhang Jason Z. , Nguyen William H. , Greenwood Nathan , Rose John C. , Ong Shao-En , Maly Dustin J. , Baker David 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe utility of genetically encoded biosensors for sensing the activity of signaling proteins has been hampered by a lack of strategies for matching sensor sensitivity to the physiological concentration range of the target. Here we used computational protein design to generate intracellular sensors of Ras activity (LOCKR-based Sensor for Ras activity (Ras-LOCKR-S)) and proximity labelers of the Ras signaling environment (LOCKR-based, Ras activity-dependent Proximity Labeler (Ras-LOCKR-PL)). These tools allow the detection of endogenous Ras activity and labeling of the surrounding environment at subcellular resolution. Using these sensors in human cancer cell lines, we identified Ras-interacting proteins in oncogenic EML4-Alk granules and found that Src-Associated in Mitosis 68-kDa (SAM68) protein specifically enhances Ras activity in the granules. The ability to subcellularly localize endogenous Ras activity should deepen our understanding of Ras function in health and disease and may suggest potential therapeutic strategies.
Fluorescence microscopy and correlative brightfield videos of mitochondria and vesicles in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts
Authors: Opstad Ida S. , Birgisdottir Åsa B. , Agarwal Krishna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents data acquired to study the dynamics and interactions of mitochondria and subcellular vesicles in living cardiomyoblasts. The study was motivated by the importance of mitochondrial quality control and turnover in cardiovascular health. Although fluorescence microscopy is an invaluable tool, it presents several limitations. Correlative fluorescence and brightfield images (label-free) were therefore acquired with the purpose of achieving virtual labelling via machine learning. In comparison with the fluorescence images of mitochondria, the brightfield images show vesicles and subcellular components, providing additional insights about sub-cellular components. A large part of the data contains correlative fluorescence images of lysosomes and/or endosomes over a duration of up to 400 timepoints (>30 min). The data can be reused for biological inferences about mitochondrial and vesicular morphology, dynamics, and interactions. Furthermore, virtual labelling of mitochondria or subcellular vesicles can be achieved using these datasets. Finally, the data can inspire new imaging experiments for cellular investigations or computational developments. The data is available through two large, open datasets on DataverseNO.
Elbow dimensions in quadrupedal mammals driven by lubrication regime
Authors: Marquez-Florez Kalenia , Arroyave-Tobon Santiago , Tadrist Loïc , Linares Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSynovial joints, such as the elbow, experience different lubrication regimes, ranging from fluid film to boundary lubrication, depending on locomotion conditions. We explore the relationship between the elbow lubrication regime and the size of quadrupedal mammals. We use allometry to analyze the dimensions, contact stress, and sliding speed of the elbow in 110 quadrupedal mammals. Our results reveal that the average diameter and width of the distal humerus are scaled $$\propto M^{0.35}$$

∝

M

0.35

, which allowed us to estimate a consistent contact pressure and sliding speed across mammals. This consistency likely promotes fluid film lubrication regardless of body mass. Further, the ratio between the diameter and width is about 0.5 for all analyzed taxa, which is a good compromise between loading capacity and size. Our study deepens our understanding of synovial joints and their adaptations, with implications for the development of treatments, prostheses, and bioinspired joint designs.
Analysis of stability for nut yield and ancillary traits in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)
Authors: Eradasappa E. , Mohana G. S. , Poduval M. , Sethi K. , Rani M. S. Aneesa , Lourdusamy I. K. , Velmurugan S. , Manjusha M. , Raviprasad T. N. , Anilkumar C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCashew is cultivated in varied agro-ecological regions of India and yield levels vary with regions. Therefore, to identify stable genotype for yield, 18 genotypes were tested in four environments for nut yield and ancillary traits during 2008 to 2018 in randomized block design with two replications. The data of 6th annual harvest and cumulative nut yield of six years was analyzed employing additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype and genotype by environment (GGE) methods. Analysis of variance for 6th annual harvest indicated significant differences (p < 0.01) for eight traits. Environments varied significantly (p < 0.01) for seven traits. Genotype by environment (G × E) interactions were significant (p < 0.01) for all traits. Analysis of variance for cumulative yield revealed significant variations between genotypes, environments, G x E interactions. Interaction principal component analysis (IPCA) 1 (84.39%) and IPCA 2 (10.27%) together captured 95% of variability. Genotypes, environments and G × E interaction were accounted for 16.18%, 4.50% and 77.22% respectively of total variation. The environment Pilicode discriminated better while Vridhachalam was representative. BPP-8 and Vengulra-7 were the winning genotypes in Bhubaneswar while Kanaka and Priyanka in Pilicode, Vengurla-4 in Jhargram and UN-50 in Vridhachalam. Therefore, promoting cultivation of these winning genotypes in the corresponding environments is highly recommended to enhance cashew nut production. As per ASV (AMMI stability value,) K-22-1 was stable genotype followed by Bhubaneswar-1. As per YSI (yield stability index), Bhubaneswar-1 was stable and high yielding followed by K-22-1 and BPP-8. Thus stable genotypes identified in this study viz., K-22-1 and Bhuvaneswar-1 are recommended for cultivation in west and east regions of India which have most cashew growing areas for increasing the cashew nut production.
Electrostatic wave interaction via asymmetric vector solitons as precursor to rogue wave formation in non-Maxwellian plasmas
Authors: Lazarides N. , Veldes Giorgos P. , Frantzeskakis D. J. , Kourakis Ioannis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn asymmetric pair of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (CNLS) equations has been derived through a multiscale perturbation method applied to a plasma fluid model, in which two wavepackets of distinct (carrier) wavenumbers ($$k_1$$

k
1

and $$k_2$$

k
2

) and amplitudes ($$\Psi _1$$

Ψ
1

and $$\Psi _2$$

Ψ
2

) are allowed to co-propagate and interact. The original fluid model was set up for a non-magnetized plasma consisting of cold inertial ions evolving against a $$\kappa$$
κ
-distributed electron background in one dimension. The reduction procedure resulting in the CNLS equations has provided analytical expressions for the dispersion, self-modulation and cross-coupling coefficients in terms of the two carrier wavenumbers. These coefficients present no symmetry whatsoever, in the general case (of different wavenumbers). The possibility for coupled envelope (vector soliton) solutions to occur has been investigated. Although the CNLS equations are asymmetric and non-integrable, in principle, the system admits various types of vector soliton solutions, physically representing nonlinear, localized electrostatic plasma modes, whose areas of existence is calculated on the wavenumbers’ parameter plane. The possibility for either bright (B) or dark (D) type excitations for either of the (2) waves provides four (4) combinations for the envelope pair (BB, BD, DB, DD), if a set of explicit criteria is satisfied. Moreover, the soliton parameters (maximum amplitude, width) are also calculated for each type of vector soliton solution, in its respective area of existence. The dependence of the vector soliton characteristics on the (two) carrier wavenumbers and on the spectral index $$\kappa$$
κ
characterizing the electron distribution has been explored. In certain cases, the (envelope) amplitude of one component may exceed its counterpart (second amplitude) by a factor 2.5 or higher, indicating that extremely asymmetric waves may be formed due to modulational interactions among copropagating wavepackets. As $$\kappa$$
κ
decreases from large values, modulational instability occurs in larger areas of the parameter plane(s) and with higher growth rates. The distribution of different types of vector solitons on the parameter plane(s) also varies significantly with decreasing $$\kappa$$
κ
, and in fact dramatically for $$\kappa$$
κ
between 3 and 2. Deviation from the Maxwell-Boltzmann picture therefore seems to favor modulational instability as a precursor to the formation of bright (predominantly) type envelope excitations and freak waves.
Establish a novel tumor budding-related signature to predict prognosis and guide clinical therapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Qixin , Liu Gaixia , Qiu Quanpeng , Zhang Jiaqi , Li Ruizhe , Zhao Jiamian , She Junjun , Chen Yinnan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTumor budding is a long-established independent adverse prognostic marker for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet assessment of tumor budding was not reproducible. Therefore, development of precise diagnostic approaches to tumor budding is in demand. In this study, we first performed bioinformatic analysis in our single-center CRC patients’ cohort (n = 84) and identified tumor budding-associated hub genes using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A machine learning methodology was used to identify hub genes and construct a prognostic signature. Nomogram model was used to identified hub genes score for tumor budding, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration plot indicated high accuracy and stability of hub gene score for predicted the prognosis of CRC. The association between budding-associated hub genes and score and prognosis of CRC were further verified in TCGA CRC cohort (n = 342). Then gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were applied to explore the signaling pathways related to the tumor budding and validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of our clinical samples. Subsequently, immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that there was a high correlation between hub genes score and M2-like macrophages infiltrated in tumor tissue. In addition, somatic mutation and chemotherapeutic response prediction were analyzed based on the risk signature. In summary, we established a tumor budding diagnostic molecular model, which can improve tumor budding assessment and provides a promising novel molecular marker for immunotherapy and prognosis of CRC.
Endoscopic and clinical features of gastric emphysema
Authors: Iwamuro Masaya , Takenaka Ryuta , Toyokawa Tatsuya , Kita Masahide , Tsuzuki Takao , Yoshioka Masao , Gotoda Tatsuhiro , Okanoue Shotaro , Matsubara Minoru , Sakaguchi Chihiro , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGastric emphysema is characterized by the presence of intramural gas in the stomach without bacterial infection. Due to its rarity, most reports on gastric emphysema have been limited to single-case studies, and this condition’s clinical and endoscopic features have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we analyzed 45 patients with gastric emphysema from 10 institutions and examined their characteristics, endoscopic features, and outcomes. The mean age at diagnosis of gastric emphysema in our study population (35 males and 10 females) was 68.6 years (range, 14–95 years). The top five underlying conditions associated with gastric emphysema were the placement of a nasogastric tube (26.7%), diabetes mellitus (20.0%), post-percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (17.8%), malignant neoplasms (17.8%), and renal failure (15.6%). Among the 45 patients, 42 were managed conservatively with fasting and administration of proton pump inhibitors. Unfortunately, seven patients died within 30 days of diagnosis, and 35 patients experienced favorable recoveries. The resolution of gastric emphysema was confirmed in 30 patients through computed tomography (CT) scans, with a mean duration of 17.1 ± 34.9 days (mean ± standard deviation [SD], range: 1–180 days) from the time of diagnosis to the disappearance of the gastric intramural gas. There were no instances of recurrence. Endoscopic evaluation was possible in 18 patients and revealed that gastric emphysema presented with features such as redness, erosion, coarse mucosa, and ulcers, with fewer mucosal injuries on the anterior wall (72.2%), a clear demarcation between areas of mucosal injury and intact mucosa (61.1%), and predominantly longitudinal mucosal injuries on the stomach folds (50.0%). This study is the first English-language report to analyze endoscopic findings in patients with gastric emphysema.