bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-criterion analysis of the effect of physico-chemical microbiological agents on Legionella detection in hotel water distribution systems in Crete
Authors: Chochlakis Dimosthenis , Sandalakis Vassilios , Ntoukakis Apostolos , Daskalaki Maria-Olga , Loppinet Thomas , Thalassinaki Niki , Makridaki Rena , Panoulis Christos , Psaroulaki Anna 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionWater distribution systems in hotels have been related to outbreaks caused by Legionella spp. Certain measures, including disinfection by chlorination, maintaining increased temperatures are usually undertaken to prevent Legionella outbreaks. However, these preventive strategies are not always effective, since there are several factors (e.g., synergistic interactions with other microbes, physico-chemical factors, biofilm formation, availability of nutrients) that promote survival and proliferation of the pathogen in water pipes., Accordingly, there is a need of a holistic approach in development of preventive models for Legionella outbreaks associated with water distribution systems.MethodsWater samples were collected from hotel water systems and were tested for the presence of Legionella, E. coli, total coliforms, total mesophilic count and Pseudomonas. In each sample, temperature and chlorine were also tested. Other epidemiological factors were additionally recorded including number of rooms, stars, proximity of sampling point to the boiler, etc. Data were processed by generalized linear analysis, and modeling based on logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictive factors associated with the presence of Legionella in hotel water systems.ResultsAccording to the generalized linear model, temperature affected (p&lt;0.05) the presence of Legionella regardless of the species or the water supply (hot or cold). Additionally, opportunistic (P. aeruginosa) or non-opportunistic (E. coli, coliforms) pathogens were significantly associated (p&lt;0.05) with the presence of all Legionella species. Temperature also exhibited a positive effect to all pathogens tested except for Pseudomonas according to the linear model. Multivariate analysis showed that Pseudomonas, total coliforms, HPC and temperature had a statistically significant effect on the presence of Legionella. Based on a binomial model, cold water had a positive effect on Legionella. Type of sampling and proximity of the sample to the boiler seemed to pose different effect on Legionella depending on the cfu/L. The number of hotel stars and rooms did not appear to have any effect in all tested models.DiscussionCollectively, these results indicate the need for development of individualized water safety plans tailored by the presence of other microbiological agents, and unique physico-chemical factors, which could facilitate the survival of Legionella.in hotel water systems.
Observation of strong wavelength-shifting in the argon-tetrafluoromethane system
Authors: Amedo P. , González-Díaz D. , Brunbauer F. M. , Fernández-Posada D. J. , Oliveri E. , Ropelewski L. 
Published: December 2023

We report the scintillation spectra of Ar/CF4 mixtures in the range 210–800 nm, obtained under X-ray irradiation for various pressures (1–5 bar) and concentrations (0%–100%). Special care was taken to eliminate effects related to space charge and charge recombination, so that results can be extrapolated following conventional wisdom to those expected for minimum ionizing particles under the typical electric fields employed in gaseous instrumentation. Our study sheds light into the microscopic pathways leading to scintillation in this family of mixtures and reinvigorates the prospects of use in next-generation scintillation-based chambers.
Mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial ROS storms in long COVID pathogenesis
Authors: Noonong Kunwadee , Chatatikun Moragot , Surinkaew Sirirat , Kotepui Manas , Hossain Rahni , Bunluepuech Kingkan , Noothong Chanittha , Tedasen Aman , Klangbud Wiyada Kwanhian , Imai Motoki , Kawakami Fumitaka , Kubo Makoto , Kitagawa Yoshimasa , Ichikawa Hiroshi , Kanekura Takuro , Sukati Suriyan , Somsak Voravuth , Udomwech Lunla , Ichikawa Takafumi , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Tangpong Jitbanjong , Indo Hiroko P. , Majima Hideyuki J. 
Published: December 2023

SignificanceThis review discusses the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology in the context of diabetes and intracellular reactions by COVID-19, including mitochondrial oxidative stress storms, mitochondrial ROS storms, and long COVID.Recent advancesThe long COVID is suffered in ~10% of the COVID-19 patients. Even the virus does not exist, the patients suffer the long COVID for even over a year, This disease could be a mitochondria dysregulation disease.Critical issuesPatients who recover from COVID-19 can develop new or persistent symptoms of multi-organ complications lasting weeks or months, called long COVID. The underlying mechanisms involved in the long COVID is still unclear. Once the symptoms of long COVID persist, they cause significant damage, leading to numerous, persistent symptoms.Future directionsA comprehensive map of the stages and pathogenetic mechanisms related to long COVID and effective drugs to treat and prevent it are required, which will aid the development of future long COVID treatments and symptom relief.
Thirteen-year viral suppression and immunologic recovery of LPV/r-based regimens in pediatric HIV treatment: a multicenter cohort study in resource-constrained settings of China
Authors: Lao Xiaojie , Zhang Hanxi , Yan Liting , Zhao Hongxin , Zhao Qingxia , Lu Hongyan , Chen Yuewu , Li Huiqin , Chen Jinfeng , Ye Fuxiu , Yu Fengting , Xiao Qing , Li Qun , Liang Xuelei , Yang Xiaojie , Yan Chang , Zhang Fujie 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAntiretroviral Therapy (ART) in children remains challenging due to resource-constrained settings. We conducted a 13-year, prospective, multicenter cohort study on the effectiveness and safety of LPV/r-based regimens in ART-naive and ART-experienced children.MethodsFrom January 2008 to May 2021, children living with HIV-1 were recruited with LPV/r-based regimens from 8 clinical research sites in 6 provinces in China. Effectiveness outcomes were virologic failure (defined as at least two consecutive measurements of VL &gt; 200 copies/mL after 6 months of ART) and immune response (defined as CD4% recovered to more than 25% after 12 months of treatment). The safety outcomes were treatment-related grade 2–4 adverse events and abnormal laboratory test results.ResultsA total of 345 ART-naïve children and 113 ART-experienced children were included in this cohort study. The median follow-up time was 7.3 (IQR 5.5–10.5) years. The incidence density of virologic failure was 4.1 (95% CI 3.3–4.9) per 100 person-years in ART-naïve children and 5.0 (95% CI 3.5–6.5) per 100 person-years in ART-experienced children. Kaplan Meyer (KM) curve analysis showed children with ART experience were at a higher risk of virologic failure (p &lt; 0.05). The risk factors of virologic failure in ART-naïve children were clinic setting in rural hospitals (aHR = 2.251, 1.108–4.575), annual missed dose times &gt;5 days of LPV intake (aHR = 1.889, 1.004–3.554); The risk factor of virologic failure in ART-experienced children was missed dose times &gt;5 days (aHR = 2.689, 1.299–5.604) and mother as caregivers for ART administration (aHR = 0.475, 0.238–0.948). However, during long-term treatment, viral suppression rates between ART-naïve and ART-experienced children remained similar. No significant differences were observed in the immune response, treatment-related grade 2–4 events, and abnormal laboratory test results between ART-naïve children and ART-experienced children.ConclusionOur research underscores that with consistent, long-term treatment of LPV/r-based regimens, ART-experienced children can achieve therapeutic outcomes comparable to ART-naïve children. It provides crucial insights on LPV/r-based regimens in pediatric HIV treatment, especially in resource-limited settings where high-cost Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTs) are inaccessible. This evidence-based understanding provides an essential addition to the global therapeutic strategies for pediatric HIV treatment.
Safety of multiple intravenous infusions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for hospitalized cases of COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Dios Constanza , Vij Ridhima , Kim Hosu , Park Hyeonggeun , Chang Donna 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to assess the safety of allogeneic, Hope Biosciences Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HB-adMSCs) for the treatment of hospitalized subjects with COVID-19.MethodsN = 48 patients were randomly assigned to HB-adMSC (100 MM) or placebo group. Four intravenous infusions of HB-adMSCs or saline were administered at days 0, 3, 7, 10. The primary safety endpoint was incidence of adverse and serious adverse events (AE/SAEs); secondary endpoints were incidence of specific AEs and alterations in hematology, biochemistry, and coagulation parameters.ResultsMajority of AEs were mild in severity. HB-adMSC group showed a higher incidence of cardiopulmonary failure, anemia, anxiety, and diarrhea, while placebo group showed a higher incidence of headaches, fatigue, and chest discomfort (posterior probabilities ≥80%). Deaths were attributed to severe complications due to COVID-19 and were unrelated to study drug. No AEs were attributed to the treatment. Hematology and coagulation panel alterations were not associated with HB-adMSCs. Analyses of inflammatory markers showed increased levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein over time in HB-adMSC group (posterior probabilities ≥78%).ConclusionMultiple infusions of 100MM allogeneic HB-adMSCs were considered safe for the study population. More research is needed to determine the safety of MSC therapy.Clinical trial registration(www.ClinicalTrials.gov) identifier NCT04362189.
The causal effects between gut microbiota and hemorrhagic stroke: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shen Yingjie , Liu Hao , Meng Xiangyi , Gao Aili , Liu Yansong , Ma Wei , Liang Hongsheng , Hu Fulan 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundRecent studies have suggested that the composition of gut microbiota (GM) may change after intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the causal inference of GM and hemorrhagic stroke is unknown. Mendelian Randomization (MR) is an effective research method that removes confounding factors and investigates the causal relationship between exposure and outcome. This study intends to explore the causal relationship between GM and hemorrhagic stroke with the help of MR.MethodsUnivariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed using summary statistics of the GM (n = 18,340) in the MiBioGen consortium vs. the FinnGen consortium R9 summary statistics (intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage). Causal associations between gut microbiota and hemorrhagic stroke were analyzed using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, simple mode, and MR-PRESSO. Cochran’s Q statistic, MR-Egger regression, and leave-one-out analysis were used to test for multiplicity and heterogeneity of instrumental variables. Separate reverse MR analyses were performed for microbiota found to be causally associated with hemorrhagic stroke in the forward MR analysis. Also, multivariate MR analyses were conducted after incorporating common confounders.ResultsBased on the results of univariable and multivariate MR analyses, Actinobacteria (phylum) (OR, 0.80; 95%CI, 0.66–0.97; p = 0.025) had a protective effect against hemorrhagic stroke, while Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group (genus) (OR, 0.81; 95%CI, 0.67–0.99; p = 0.039) had a potential protective effect. Furthermore, Dorea (genus) (OR, 1.77; 95%CI, 1.27–2.46; p = 0.001), Eisenbergiella (genus) (OR, 1.24; 95%CI, 1.05–1.48; p = 0.013) and Lachnospiraceae UCG008 (genus) (OR, 1.28; 95%CI, 1.01–1.62; p = 0.041) acted as potential risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke. The abundance of Dorea (genus) (β, 0.05; 95%CI, 0.002 ~ 0.101; p = 0.041) may increase, and that of Eisenbergiella (genus) (β, −0.072; 95%CI, −0.137 ~ −0.007; p = 0.030) decreased after hemorrhagic stroke according to the results of reverse MR analysis. No significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected in any of the MR analyses.ConclusionThere is a significant causal relationship between GM and hemorrhagic stroke. The prevention, monitoring, and treatment of hemorrhagic stroke through GM represent a promising avenue and contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying hemorrhagic stroke.
Analysis of ischemic stroke burden in Asia from 1990 to 2019: based on the global burden of disease 2019 data
Authors: Zhang Xueli , Lv Hengliang , Chen Xin , Li Maoxuan , Zhou Xiaojing , Jia Xiaoying 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIschemic stroke has the characteristics of high morbidity, mortality, and recurrence rate. This study aimed to describe and assess the burden of ischemic stroke in Asia based on the global burden of disease (GBD) 2019 data and provide a crucial scientific foundation for the prevention and control of this life-threatening disease.MethodThis study used the GBD 2019 data to assess the burden of ischemic stroke. The indicators used in this study were derived from the following methods: (i) the incidence of ischemic stroke was estimated using the disability model for the global burden of disease study-mixed effects regression (DisMod-MR), a Bayesian meta-regression disease modeling tool; (ii) the non-specific codes of all available data on mortality were corrected and used to estimate mortality rates for ischemic stroke and the cause of death ensemble model was used to estimate mortality rates; and (iii) the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) is the sum of years lived with disability (YLD) and the years of life lost (YLL), which quantifies the health loss due to specific diseases and injuries. In addition, the joinpoint regression model was adopted to analyze the temporal trend of ischemic stroke from 1990 to 2019 in Asia.ResultThis study found an increase in the burden of ischemic stroke in 2019 compared to 1990. Moreover, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of ischemic stroke showed a gradual upward trend over the specific period. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) showed a downward trend in Asia from 1990 to 2019. The burden of ischemic stroke was more concentrated on older age groups, particularly those older than 65 years. East Asia had the highest burden of ischemic stroke compared to other regions in Asia. Particularly, China, India, Indonesia, and Japan had the highest burdens of ischemic stroke among the Asian countries and regions. However, the population with the highest burden of ischemic stroke was still the elderly group.ConclusionBased on our study, it is evident that the burden of ischemic stroke exists substantially and exhibits variations in the aspects of age, gender, and geographical region in Asia. Without targeted implementation of population-wide primary strategies for prevention and control, the burden of ischemic stroke is likely to worsen significantly in the future.
Boosting plant food polyphenol concentration by saline eustress as supplement strategies for the prevention of metabolic syndrome: an example of randomized interventional trial in the adult population
Authors: Ferrantelli Vincenzo , Vasto Sonya , Alongi Angelina , Sabatino Leo , Baldassano Davide , Caldarella Rosalia , Gagliano Rosaria , Di Rosa Luigi , Consentino Beppe Benedetto , Vultaggio Lorena , Baldassano Sara 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPhenolic compounds in lettuce can increase by the application of positive stress (eustress) such as moderate saline stress. Phenolic compounds possess antioxidant capacity that is a key factor in the detoxification of excess reactive oxygen species. A double-blinded randomized interventional and placebo- controlled study design was carried out to compare the effect of daily dietary eustress lettuce ingestion in hepatic, lipid, bone, glucose, and iron metabolism.MethodsForty-two healthy volunteers, 19 female and 23 male participants, were divided into two groups. Participants were randomized into a polyphenol-enriched treatment (PET) arm or control arm. Each arm consumed 100 g/day of control or eustress (polyphenols enriched treatment = PET) lettuce for 12 days. Primary study outcomes were serological analysis for assessing hepatic, lipid, bone, iron, and glucose markers at baseline and after 12 days. Secondary outcomes assessed body composition.ResultsSalinity stress reduced plant yield but increased caffeic acid (+467%), chlorogenic acid (+320%), quercetin (+538%), and rutin (+1,095%) concentrations. The intake of PET lettuce reduced PTH, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) enzyme levels and increased vitamin D and phosphate levels, while iron and glucose metabolism were unaffected.DiscussionSupplementation with eustress lettuce by increasing polyphenols concentration ameliorates hepatic, lipid, and bone homeostasis. Body composition was not affected.Clinical trial registrationhttps://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06002672, identifier: NCT06002672.
A Wi-Fi dynamic routing algorithm based on energy prediction for wildlife monitoring wireless network
Authors: Song Yang , Ziyang Pan , Hui Tan , Shaoxiang Hu 
Published: December 2023

The routing protocol of wildlife monitoring Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) networks cannot balance node energy consumption, leading to early node death. Therefore, the research on energy balance in wildlife monitoring Wi-Fi networks is a hot topic. In order to balance the energy consumption of Wi-Fi networks and extend the lifespan of wireless networks, we designed the low energy dynamic routing protocol LEACH-EP (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy- Energy Prediction) based on energy prediction by analyzing the long-range dependent characteristics of the remaining energy time series (RETS) of wireless network nodes. This protocol uses the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) model to predict the remaining energy of network nodes, and then dynamically plans routes using future remaining energy. We conducted a networking experiment in the Anzihe Nature Reserve in Chengdu, China, and the Energy Balance Factor index of the wireless network significantly improved. The Mean Absolute Error value of network nodes is less than 60 mW, which is less than 10% of the average daily energy consumption of nodes. Half of the surviving network nodes have achieved an increase to 55.2%, and the network death time has been extended by 38.6%. The experimental results show that the energy prediction routing protocol LEACH-EP can significantly extend the node survival life and balance network energy consumption.
Predictive modeling of perioperative blood transfusion in lumbar posterior interbody fusion using machine learning
Authors: Lang Fang-Fang , Liu Li-Ying , Wang Shao-Wei 
Published: December 2023

Background: Accurate estimation of perioperative blood transfusion risk in lumbar posterior interbody fusion is essential to reduce the number, cost, and complications associated with blood transfusions. Machine learning algorithms have the potential to outperform traditional prediction methods in predicting perioperative blood transfusion. This study aimed to construct a machine learning-based perioperative transfusion risk prediction model for lumbar posterior interbody fusion in order to improve the efficacy of surgical decision-making.Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data on 1905 patients who underwent lumbar posterior interbody fusion surgery at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 2021 and March 2023. All the data was randomly divided into a training set and a validation set, and the “feature_importances” method provided by eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was applied to select statistically significant features on the training set to establish five machine learning prediction models. The optimal model was identified by utilizing the area under the curve (AUC) and the probability calibration curve on the validation set. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) were employed for interpretable analysis of the optimal model.Results: In the postoperative outcomes of patients, the number of hospital days in the transfusion group was longer than that in the non-transfusion group. Additionally, the transfusion group experienced higher total hospital costs, 90-day readmission rates, and complication rates within 90 days after surgery than the non-transfusion group. A total of 9 features were selected for the models. The XGBoost model performed best with an AUC value of 0.958. The SHAP values showed that intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluid infusion, and number of fused segments were the top 3 most important features affecting perioperative blood transfusion in lumbar posterior interbody fusion. The LIME algorithm was used to interpret the individualized prediction.Conclusion: Surgery, ASA class, levels fused, total intraoperative blood loss, operative time, and preoperative Hb are viable predictors of perioperative blood transfusion in lumbar posterior interbody fusion. The XGBoost model has demonstrated superior predictive efficacy compared to the traditional logistic regression model, making it a more effective decision-making tool for perioperative blood transfusion.
From peacetime to war: a path analysis of the factors that predict performance among police and military commanders in collaborative crisis response
Authors: Mattingsdal Jostein , Aandal Jan , Johnsen Bjørn Helge , Espevik Roar 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the applicability of Bandura’s social cognitive theory in predicting organizational performance in dynamic and ambiguous hybrid warfare contexts. Specifically, the study investigated the influence of dyad composition, past performance in peacetime, collective self-efficacy, and persistence on wartime performance among high-ranking police and military commanders.Study design/methodology/approachOne hundred and thirty-eight participants, consisting of police and military commanders, took part in a simulation exercise that escalated from peace to war. The participants were assigned to three types of dyads (N= 69); all-police (n= 20), all-military (n= 27), and mixed police-military (n= 22). The study utilized path analysis to examine the direct and indirect effects of the variables on wartime performance.ResultsThe model developed in this study accounted for 54% of the variance in wartime performance (R2= 0.54). Path analysis showed direct effects of persistence (β = −0.33) and peacetime performance (β = 0.45) on actual performance in wartime. Direct effects also showed how persistence was predicted by dyad composition (β = −0.24) and peacetime performance (β = −0.50). Indirect effects indicated how persistence mediated the effects of peacetime performance (β = 0.17) and dyad composition (β = 0.08) on actual performance in wartime.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the understanding of how social cognitive factors, as described by Bandura’s theory, can predict decision outcomes in collaborative crisis response settings involving police and military commanders. The findings have implications for policy-making and provide recommendations for further research in this area.