bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staying Active with Multimorbidity In Acute hospital settings (StAMInA) trial: protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of allied health assistant mobility rehabilitation for patients with multimorbidity
Authors: Snowdon David A , Wang Yi Tian , Callisaya Michele L , Collyer Taya A , Jolliffe Laura , Johns Nathan , Vincent Peggy , Pragash Nandhinee , Taylor Nicholas F 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionKey to improving outcomes for patients with multimorbidity is increasing mobility through prescription of a physical activity programme, but this can be difficult to achieve in acute hospital settings. One approach that would assist physiotherapists to increase levels of physical activity is delegation of rehabilitation to allied health assistants. We aim to conduct a randomised controlled trial to determine the feasibility of an allied health assistant providing daily inpatient mobility rehabilitation for patients with multimorbidity.Methods and analysisUsing a parallel group randomised controlled design, participants will be allocated to allied health assistant mobility rehabilitation or physiotherapist mobility rehabilitation. Adult inpatients (n=60) in an acute hospital with a diagnosis of multimorbidity who walked independently preadmission will be included. The experimental group will receive routine mobility rehabilitation, including daily mobilisation, from an allied health assistant under the supervision of a physiotherapist. The comparison group will receive routine rehabilitation from a physiotherapist. Feasibility will be determined using the following areas of focus in Bowen’s feasibility framework: Acceptability (patient satisfaction); demand (proportion of patients who participate); implementation (time allied health assistant/physiotherapist spends with participant, occasions of service); and practicality (cost, adverse events). Staff involved in the implementation of allied health assistant rehabilitation will be interviewed to explore their perspectives on feasibility. Secondary outcomes include: Physical activity (daily time spent walking); daily mobilisation (Y/N); discharge destination; hospital readmission; falls; functional activity (Modified Iowa Level of Assistance Scale); and length of stay. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe feasibility. Secondary outcomes will be compared between groups using Poisson or negative binomial regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, survival analysis, linear regression or logistic regression.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from Peninsula Health (HREC/97 431/PH-2023). Findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12623000584639p.
Reconstruction of unreported subgroup survival data with PD-L1-low expression in advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer using innovative KMSubtraction workflow
Authors: Li Yan , Liang Xueyan , Li Huijuan , Chen Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundAmong patients with advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with high/positive programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, a superior survival outcome has been demonstrated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, it remains unclear whether ICIs are beneficial for patients with low PD-L1 levels. Here, we derived survival data for subgroups with low PD-L1-expressing and conducted a pooled analysis.MethodsAfter a systematic search of Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL from inception until May 18, 2023, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), or duration of response (DOR) for metastatic TNBC treated with ICI-based regimens were included. Kaplan-Meier curves were extracted for the intention-to-treat population and high PD-L1 subgroups. KMSubtraction was used when survival curves were not provided for subgroups with low PD-L1 expression. A pooled analysis of survival data was then conducted.ResultsA total of 3022 patients were included in four RCTs: Impassion130, Impassion131, KEYNOTE-119, and KEYNOTE-355. Unreported low PD-L1-expressing subgroups were identified, including PD-L1 immune cell (IC)<1%, combined positive score (CPS)<1, and 1≤CPS<10. Compared with chemotherapy, ICI-chemotherapy combinations did not significantly differ in OS, PFS, or DOR in the Impassion PD-L1<1%, KEYNOTE-355 PD-L1 CPS<1, and KEYNOTE-355 1≤CPS<10 subgroups. In the KEYNOTE-119 CPS<1 subgroup, the risk of tumor progression was increased with pembrolizumab (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.62 to 3.08; p<0.001), as well as in the 1≤CPS<10 subgroup (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.20; p<0.001). A pooled analysis using a scoring system found no significant difference in OS and PFS among the subgroups with an IC of <1% between immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy. OS (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.26), PFS (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.10), and DOR were also not significantly different in pooled analysis of first-line trials for those with low PD-L1 expression.ConclusionICI-based regimens are not associated with a survival benefit versus chemotherapy in subgroups of advanced/metastatic TNBC that express low PD-L1 levels.
When does obesity exert its effect in conferring risk of developing RA: a large study in cohorts of symptomatic persons at risk
Authors: Dumoulin Quirine A , Boeren Anna M P , Krijbolder Doortje I , Willemze A , de Jong Pascal H P , van Mulligen Elise , van Steenbergen Hanna W , van der Helm - van Mil Annette H M 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesObesity is a known risk factor for developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is unclear whether obesity exerts its risk effect during the asymptomatic or the symptomatic clinically suspect arthralgia (CSA) phase of risk. To improve understanding of the effect of obesity on RA development, we aimed to (1) compare body mass index (BMI) at CSA onset to BMI of the general population and (2) study within CSA patients if obesity increases the risk for progression to RA.Methods1107 symptomatic persons at risk for RA from four cohorts (CSA Leiden, CSA Rotterdam, SONAR and TREAT EARLIER placebo arm) were studied. For the first aim, baseline BMI was compared with age-matched/sex-matched BMI of the general population. Patients were stratified for anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status. Regarding the second aim, the association between BMI and inflammatory arthritis (IA) development during 2 years was studied with Cox regression analysis within each cohort and via meta-analysis in all cohorts.ResultsCSA patients of all cohorts were more often obese than the general population (respectively 21.9% vs 14.0%, 25.7% vs 14.5%, 26.7% vs 14.5% and 33.3% vs 14.9%, in CSA Leiden, CSA Rotterdam, SONAR, TREAT EARLIER placebo arm). Both ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative CSA patients had a higher frequency of obesity. Within CSA, obesity was not associated with IA development compared to normal weight (pooled effect in meta-analysis of four cohorts HR 1.01 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.08)).ConclusionsObesity is not associated with RA development within CSA patients but BMI has already increased in CSA compared to the general population. Obesity, therefore, presumably exerts its risk effect at an early asymptomatic phase of RA development, rather than being associated with the disease processes that ultimately result in clinical arthritis.
Thermodynamic, mechanical stability, and magneto-electronic features of Ti2-based quaternary Heusler alloys Ti2CoGa1−xCux (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1): A DFT investigation
Authors: Benichou Boucif , Bouchenafa Halima , Nabi Zakia , Bouabdallah Badra 
Published: January 2024

In this work, we have used the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method implemented in the WIEN2k code combined with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of the density functional theory (DFT) to study the structural, elastic, mechanical, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of the parent ternary inverse Heusler compounds based on Titanium and Cobalt Ti2CoGa, Ti2CoCu in the Hg2CuTi-type structure and their quaternary alloys Ti2CoGa[Formula: see text]Cux ([Formula: see text], 0.5, 0.75) for the chosen concentrations using a supercell with 16 atoms. We have calculated the structural properties, such as the lattice parameters, bulk modulus, and its first derivative, which are in good agreement with those that have been obtained based on other published theoretical methods. Also, we calculated the elastic constants of the studied Heusler alloys, and we found that these materials are elastically stable, ductile, and anisotropic. Therefore, the electronic and magnetic properties indicate that Ti2CoGa exhibits a half-metallic (HM) ferromagnetic behavior, while Ti2CoCu shows a metal and a non-magnetic (NM) character. Their quaternary alloys are found to be nearly HM ferromagnetic materials, with a magnetic moment mainly due to the atom Ti. Furthermore, the quasi-harmonic Debye model, which incorporates the lattice vibrations, was used to estimate the thermodynamic effects on some macroproperties of the Ti2CoGa[Formula: see text]Cux alloys. Successful results were achieved for the variations of the primitive cell volume, bulk modulus, heat capacities, and Debye temperature with pressure and temperature, respectively, in the ranges of 0–30[Formula: see text]GPa and 0–1400[Formula: see text]K. To our knowledge, no analogous investigations on the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the Ti2CoGa[Formula: see text]Cux ([Formula: see text], 0.5 and 0.75) alloys have been performed to date. As a result, it is predicted that Ti2CoGa[Formula: see text]Cux Heusler alloys will be promising candidates for actual applications in spintronic devices.
An Internet of Medical Things-Based Mental Disorder Prediction System Using EEG Sensor and Big Data Mining
Authors: Ambeth Kumar V. D. , Surapaneni Sowmya , Pavitra D. , Venkatesan R. , Omar Marwan , Bashir A. K. 
Published: January 2024

In the colloquy concerning human rights, equality, and human health, mental illness and therapy regarding mental health have been condoned. Mental disorder is a behavioral motif that catalyzes the significant anguish or affliction of personal functioning. The symptoms of a mental disorder may be tenacious, degenerative, or transpire as a single episode. Brain sickness is often interpreted as a combination of how a person thinks, perceives, contemplates and reacts. This may be analogous to a specific region or workings of the brain frequently in a social context. Anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, personality disorders, mood disorders, eating disorders, and many more are examples of mental disorders, while complications include social problems, suicides, and cognitive impairment. These days, mental disorders are quotidian worldwide, and clinically consequential levels of derangement rise adversely. The purpose of this paper is to aid in prognosis of the type of mental disorder by analyzing the brainwaves such as Alpha ([Formula: see text]), Beta ([Formula: see text]), Gamma ([Formula: see text]), Theta ([Formula: see text]), Delta ([Formula: see text]) with the help of big data analysis and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). IoMT helps in gathering the required data and data transmission, while big data analysis helps in predicting the type of disorder.
New Integral Operator for Analytic Functions
Authors: Güney H. Özlem , Owa Shigeyoshi , Attiya Adel A. 
Published: January 2024

LetApnbe the class of functionsfzgiven byfz=zp+ap+nzp+n+ap+n+1zp+n+1+⋯which are analytic in the open unit diskU.Forfz∈Apn, new integral operatorsO−jfzandOjfzj=0,1,2,⋯.are considered. The operatorsO−jfzandOjfzsatisfyOjO−jfz=O−jOjfz=fzandO−j∗Ojfz=Oj∗O−jfz=f∗fzfor the convolution∗ofO−jfzandOjfz.In the present paper, the dominants for both operatorsO−jfzandOjfzand subordinations forO−jfzandOjfzare discussed. Also, new subclassTpγm,δ,ρ;m,jconcerning withmdifferent boundary points is defined and discussed. Moreover, some interesting problems ofTpγm,δ,ρ;m,jassociated withOjfzare obtained. Furthermore, some interesting examples for our results are considered.
Data from First-in-Human Study of the Reversible BTK Inhibitor Nemtabrutinib in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and B-Cell Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Woyach Jennifer A. , Stephens Deborah M. , Flinn Ian W. , Bhat Seema A. , Savage Ronald E. , Chai Feng , Eathiraj Sudharshan , Reiff Sean D. , Muhowski Elizabeth M. , Granlund Lindsey , Szuszkiewicz Lyndsey , Wang Wayne , Schwartz Brian , Ghori Razi , Farooqui Mohammed Z.H. , Byrd John C. 
Published: January 2024

<div>Abstract<p>Nemtabrutinib is an orally bioavailable, reversible inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and C481S mutant BTK. We evaluated the safety, pharmacology, and antitumor activity of nemtabrutinib in relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. Forty-eight patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B-cell non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), or Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), relapsed/refractory after ≥2 prior therapies were enrolled in the open-label, single-arm, phase I MK-1026-001 study (NCT03162536) to receive nemtabrutinib 5 to 75 mg once daily in 28-day cycles. Dose finding progressed using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design. Primary endpoints were safety and the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Among 47 treated patients, 29 had CLL, 17 had NHL, and 1 had WM. Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 37 (89%), most commonly neutropenia (11; 23.4%), febrile neutropenia (7; 14.9%), and pneumonia (7; 14.9%). The RP2D was 65 mg daily. An overall response rate of 75% was observed in patients with CLL at 65 mg daily.</p>Significance:<p>This first-in-human phase I study demonstrates the safety and preliminary efficacy of nemtabrutinib in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. These data support further exploration of nemtabrutinib in larger clinical studies.</p><p><i><a href="https://aacrjournals.org/cancerdiscovery/article/doi/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-1-ITI" target="_blank">This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 5</a></i></p></div>
Bispecific T-cell Engagers in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hage Chehade Chadi , Gebrael Georges , Agarwal Neeraj 
Published: January 2024

Summary:
To date, immune targeting agents have provided limited benefits in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Bispecific T-cell engagers, especially targeting STEAP1, have shown encouraging results in preclinical and phase I studies and thus represent a novel and promising treatment option in this setting.
See related article by Nolan-Stevaux et al., p. 90 (7).
See related article by Kelly et al., p. 76 (8).
Tumor-Derived RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs Drive the Premetastatic Microenvironment in the Lung
Authors: Wu Kun , Li Yan , Ji Yikang , Liu Chun , Wang Xiaoning , Guo Haiyan , Zhang Jianjun , He Yue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a spatial and temporal process that starts with remodeling to generate a proper premetastatic niche in a distant tissue. Infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages is one of the notable characteristics in the premetastatic niche, which is a fundamental requirement for primary tumor metastasis. Here, we demonstrated that small extracellular vesicles (sEV) carrying RAB21 homed to lung macrophages and interacted with integrin-β1 on macrophages. ABHD12 expression was high in lung metastatic tumors and was mostly expressed by macrophages. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)–derived sEVs carrying ABHD12-polarized macrophages toward an immunosuppressive phenotype, driving premetastatic niche formation, which facilitated lung metastasis. ABHD12 additionally upregulated S1PR1 by activating the AKT–FoxO1 pathway in macrophages, and significantly enhanced antitumor responses were observed in tumor models treated with agents targeting both S1PR1 and PD-1. Collectively, our study suggests that RAB21+ABHD12+ sEVs derived from HNSCC cells contribute to the formation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in the premetastatic niche and are a potential therapeutic target for enhancing the antitumor efficacy of anti–PD-1 therapy.
Provider Care Segregation and Hospital‐Region Racial Disparities in the United States for Acute Ischemic Stroke and Endovascular Therapy Outcomes
Authors: Daniel David , Maillie Luke , Dhamoon Mandip S. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Reasons for racial disparities in the use and outcomes of endovascular treatment (ET) are not known. We examined patterns in care segregation for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the United States, and outcomes of segregation of care after ET.

Methods and Results

We used deidentified Medicare data sets to identify AIS admissions between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2019, using validated
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
) codes. For AIS, we calculated (1) the proportion of White patients at the hospital, (2) the proportional difference in the proportion of White patients between hospital patients and the county, and (3) provider care segregation by the dissimilarity index for ET cases. Using unadjusted and adjusted multilevel logistic models, we examined associations between measures of segregation and outcomes of discharge home, inpatient mortality, and 30‐day mortality. The mean proportional difference in the proportion of White patients comparing hospitalized patients with AIS to the county race distribution was 0.015 (SD, 0.219) at the hospital level. For ET, the mean proportional difference in the proportion of White patients comparing patients receiving ET to the county race distribution was much higher, at 0.146 (SD, 0.374). The dissimilarity index for ET providers was high, with a mean of 0.48 (SD, 0.29) across all hospitals. Black patients with AIS (compared with White patients) had reduced odds of discharge home, inpatient mortality, and 30‐day mortality.

Conclusions
In this national study with contemporary data in the endovascular era of AIS treatment, we found substantial evidence for segregation of care in the United States, not for only AIS in general but also especially for ET.
Association of Periprocedural Inflammatory Activation With Increased Risk for Early Coronary Stent Thrombosis
Authors: Krychtiuk Konstantin A. , Bräu Konstantin , Schauer Stephanie , Sator Alexander , Galli Lukas , Baierl Andreas , Hengstenberg Christian , Gangl Clemens , Lang Irene M. , Roth Christian , Berger Rudolf , Speidl Walter S. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Stent thrombosis is a rare but deleterious event. Routine coronary angiography with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often deferred in the presence of laboratory markers of acute inflammation to prevent complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an acute inflammatory state is associated with an increased risk of early stent thrombosis.

Methods and Results

Within a prospective single‐center registry, the association between preprocedural acute inflammatory activation, defined as C‐reactive protein plasma levels >50 mg/L or a leukocyte count >12 g/L, and occurrence of early (≤30 days) stent thrombosis was evaluated. In total, 11 327 patients underwent PCI and of those, 6880 patients had laboratory results available. 49.6% of the study population received PCI for an acute coronary syndrome and 50.4% for stable ischemic heart disease. In patients with signs of acute inflammatory activation (24.9%), PCI was associated with a significantly increased risk for stent thrombosis (hazard ratio, 2.89;
P
<0.00001), independent of age, sex, kidney function, number and type of stents, presence of multivessel disease, choice of P2Y12 inhibitor, and clinical presentation. Elevated laboratory markers of acute inflammation were associated with the occurrence of stent thrombosis in both patients with acute coronary syndrome (hazard ratio, 2.63;
P
<0.001) and in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (hazard ratio, 3.57;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
An acute inflammatory state at the time of PCI was associated with a significantly increased risk of early stent thrombosis. Evidence of acute inflammation should result in deferred PCI in elective patients, while future studies are needed for patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Use of Technetium‐99m‐Pyrophosphate Single‐Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography in Monitoring Therapeutic Changes of Eplontersen in Patients With Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yu An‐Li , Chen Yi‐Chieh , Tsai Cheng‐Hsuan , Wu Yuan‐Kun Aden , Su Mao‐Yuan , Chou Chia‐Hung , Shun Chia‐Tung , Hsueh Hsueh‐Wen , Juang Jimmy Jyh‐Ming , Lee Ming‐Jen , Tseng Ping‐Huei , Hsu Chia‐Hua , Hsieh Sung‐Tsang , Ko Chi‐Lun , Cheng Mei‐Fang , Chao Chi‐Chao , Lin Yen‐Hung 
Published: January 2024

Background
Hereditary transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (hATTR‐CM) is a progressive and fatal disease. Recent evidence indicates that bone scintigraphy may serve as a tool to monitor the effectiveness of hATTR‐CM treatment. The objective of this study was to examine how eplontersen therapy influences the semiquantitative uptake of technetium‐99m‐pyrophosphate in individuals diagnosed with hATTR‐CM.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively analyzed a prospective cohort from the NEURO‐TTRansform trial, including patients with hATTR‐CM receiving eplontersen (45 mg/4 weeks). A control group comprised patients with hATTR‐CM who had not received eplontersen, inotersen, tafamidis, or patisiran. Technetium‐99m‐pyrophosphate single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography was conducted at baseline and during follow‐up. Thirteen patients with hATTR‐CM were enrolled, with 6 receiving eplontersen and 7 serving as the control group. The median follow‐up time was 544 days. The eplontersen group exhibited a significant decrease in volumetric heart and lung ratio (3.774 to 2.979,
P
=0.028), whereas the control group showed no significant change (4.079 to 3.915,
P
=0.237). Patients receiving eplontersen demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in volumetric heart and lung ratio compared with the control group (−20.7% versus −3.4%,
P
=0.007).

Conclusions
The volumetric heart and lung ratio used to quantify technetium‐99m‐pyrophosphate uptake showed a significant reduction subsequent to eplontersen treatment in individuals diagnosed with hATTR‐CM. These findings suggest the potential efficacy of eplontersen in treating hATTR‐CM and highlight the value of technetium‐99m‐pyrophosphate single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography as a tool for monitoring therapeutic effectiveness.