bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating human experiences and perceptions of unmounted activities commonly practiced in equine-assisted services
Authors: Pasiuk Emma Leigh , Rudd Christine , Webberson Emily , Anderson Nichole C. , Hall Nathan , Stellato Anastasia C. , Schroeder Katy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Equine-assisted services (EAS) are known to be beneficial for participants, though factors that influence their in-session experiences of horse-human interactions (HHI) remain underexplored. A mixed-methods, repeated measures design was used to investigate relationships between unmounted activities and human mood state, their activity enjoyment, and their perceptions of the horse they interacted with. We aimed to determine if participants’ (
n
= 56) reported mood states reflected their behavior toward the EAS horses (
n
= 14) across activity conditions. Horses and humans completed three activity conditions: grooming, leading the horse, and leading the horse around a maze. To assess participants’ mood states throughout the interaction, we measured participants’ mood states before the interaction began and after each activity. A post-interaction survey was used to assess participants’ enjoyment of each activity and the influence of certain horse characteristics on their experience. All interaction activities were filmed for analysis of human behavior. Results from two logistic regression models suggest that activity type was not significantly associated with the arousal (
p =
0.09) or valence (
p
= 0.70) of participants’ reported mood states; however, a trend in the post hoc comparisons indicated participants were more likely to report an activated mood state before the interaction began compared to after the first activity (i.e., post-groom) (OR: 3.15, CI: 7.79−1.28,
p
= 0.013). Most participants (
n
= 46/54) reported pleasant moods throughout the interactions, although qualitative results suggest participants experienced a wider range of affective states. Participant behavior supported their reported pleasant mood as most behaviors across conditions were affiliative toward the horse. These results identify factors that influence human experiences when interacting with horses that are incorporated into EAS.
In situ analysis of plastic flow near interfaces and free surfaces
Authors: Gupta Deepika , Udupa Anirudh , Viswanathan Koushik 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Spatio–temporal analysis of large strain plastic flow at or near interfaces and free surfaces is important for understanding practical problems in the cutting and sliding of metals. In this context, the use of direct in situ imaging, coupled with digital image correlation (DIC), has gained popularity in the past couple of decades since it does not require a priori assumptions about the nature of the deformation field. Moreover, the application of DIC to dynamically evolving interfaces remains challenging. Common techniques such as hierarchical grid refinement or post analysis interpolation are either spatially restrictive or can lead to significant data loss. In this work, we present an alternative experimental method -termed ensemble averaged DIC- that circumvents both these limitations by resorting to ensemble averaging of deformation fields over a number of related, yet independent, unstructured grids. The resulting fields are accurate to second order and are benchmarked against standard 1D and 2D test cases, before being applied to two plastic flow fields arising in deformation processing—frictional sliding and orthogonal machining. We benchmark our scheme against commercially available packages to demonstrate its enhanced ability to resolve plastic flow near interface and free surface. The scheme is shown to accurately estimate residual surface strains on the cut/processed material surface without any a priori information about the flow field.
YES-SLAM: YOLOv7-enhanced-semantic visual SLAM for mobile robots in dynamic scenes
Authors: Liu Hang , Luo Jingwen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In dynamic scenes, moving objects will cause a significant error accumulation in robot’s pose estimation, and might even lead to tracking loss. In view of these problems, this paper proposes a semantic visual simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm based on YOLOv7. First, a light-weight network YOLOv7 is employed to acquire the semantic information of different objects in the scene, and flood filling and edge-enhanced techniques are combined to accurately and quickly separate the dynamic feature points from the extracted feature point set. In this way, the obtained static feature points with high-confidence are used to achieve the accurate estimation of robot’s pose. Then, according to the semantic information of YOLOv7, the motion magnitude of the robot, and the number of dynamic feature points in camera’s field-of-view, a high-performance keyframe selection strategy is constructed. On this basis, a robust loop closure detection method is developed by introducing the semantic information into the bag-of-words model, and global bundle adjustment optimization is performed on all keyframes and map points to obtain a global consistent pose graph. Finally, YOLOv7 is further utilized to carry out semantic segmentation on the keyframes, remove the dynamic objects in its semantic mask, and combine the point cloud pre-processing and octree map to build a 3D navigation semantic map. A series of simulations on TUM dataset and a case study in real scene clearly demonstrated the performance superiority of the proposed algorithms.
Slender defect segmentation network of workpiece surface based on deep learning
Authors: Chen Guodong , Xu Feng , Liu Guihua , Chen Chunmei , Lau Billy Pik Lik , Liu Ran , Yuen Chau 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As a key part of the workpiece production process, workpiece surface defect segmentation detection plays an important role in the quality assurance of the workpiece. Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of workpiece surface slender defect segmentation, we propose a slender defect segmentation network based on feature enhancement module (FEM) and feature fusion module (FFM). Firstly, the ConvNeXt is improved and used as the backbone network. Then, the FEM is designed to obtain rich defect features. Finally, the FFM is designed to expand the receptive field and fuse shallow features with deep features to enhance the features of slender defects. The proposed method improves the segmentation accuracy of slender defects. The mean pixel accuracy) of slender defect segmentation on the self-built diode glass shell dataset and public magnetic sheet dataset is 97.87% and 94.86%, respectively. The mean Intersection over Union of slender defect segmentation is 94.32% and 83.89%, respectively. The segmentation speed reaches 43FPS, and the parameter is 7.12 M, which balances the segmentation accuracy, speed and model size.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of electrons and helium metastables in uniform dielectric barrier discharges formed in He/N2
Authors: Nawrath Niklas , Korolov Ihor , Bibinov Nikita , Awakowicz Peter , Gibson Andrew R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A uniform atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge is operated in helium with an admixture (0.45%) of nitrogen. The discharge is ignited in the gas gap between a driven and a grounded electrode and propagates along the dielectric surface outside the gap. Plasma conditions are characterised with current and voltage measurements and by application of absolutely calibrated optical emission spectroscopy, with a focus on nitrogen molecular emission. Plasma parameters, namely electron density and reduced electric field, are determined with spatial and temporal resolution in the frame of a collisional-radiative model using a calibrated charge coupled device camera and Abel inversion of measured images. The density of an effective helium metastable state is calculated using the measured plasma parameters and compared with values of the

H
e

(

2

3

S

)

state density measured with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy.
Gallium phosphide (GaP) as a standard ultraviolet index detector: response comparison and measurements
Authors: Abdel Baset Yasmen , Hamed Sawsan , Reda Sameh , Farag Hamed , Abdel Ghany H A , Faramawy Samaa M 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the significant metrics that has lately emerged as a result of climate change is the Ultraviolet Index (UVI). In this work, the authors established a standardized reference UVI radiometer at NIS, Egypt, and discussed the performance to cover the actual actinic spectrum. Selective commercial UVI radiometers based on the proposed detector's responsivity and spectral mismatch were compared to the standardized reference UVI radiometer. The result indicated that the established detector response covers the entire UV actinic spectrum (280–405 nm). Besides, the standardized reference UVI radiometer has the least spectrum mismatch value with the (CIE) spectral response, according to a comparison between it and the other detectors that have been evaluated. Furthermore, it has the highest occupied area under the CIE spectral response curve, which is about 73.8%, and has about 12% better performance. These findings support to use of the established detector as a reference standard for detecting UVI at the radiometry lab at NIS Egypt.
Frequency tunable switching between transmission and absorption modes based on graphene and VO2 layers at the THz range
Authors: Roumi Bita , Abdi-Ghaleh Reza , Jing Liqiao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a tunable multilayer structure is proposed, which can provide reversible switching between transmission and absorption modes at the terahertz region without reconfiguration. The layered structure consists of graphene, Si, and VO2 layers. Transfer matrix method is employed to describe the optical properties of the layered structure. The switching phenomenon occurs based on the VO2 transition from insulator to metal phase by varying temperature. Furthermore, active frequency tuning by graphene chemical potential for thermally switching transmission and absorption with near-perfect intensity is observed. Incidence angular stability for TE and TM is up to

20
°

and

40
°
,

respectively. Finally, the Si layer thickness effect demonstrates that mainly defines the peak number and frequency for both functions. Theoretical implementation confirms the potential usefulness of the proposed configuration in applications such as reversibly tunable smart absorbers, filters, or thermo-optical switches for high-speed optical systems.
Penning ion source based surface modification of titanium by nitrogen ion implantation
Authors: Murtaza Ghulam , Siddique Muhammad Tariq , Shakeel-ur-Rehman  , Qayyum A , Shah Attaullah , Shah S I W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The nitrogen ions of the Penning ion source are bombarded on commercially available pure titanium substrates in pulses of about 5.6 μs duration. A thin film (∼500 nm) of multiphase titanium nitride is produced without additional heating of the substrate. The surface modification is studied for various energies of implanted ions at a low flux density. The 2.4 × 109 ions of specific energy are bombarded on the sample in each single pulse of the ion. Each sample is exposed to one thousand such pulses at a repetition rate of 0.1 Hz. The corresponding energy flux was transferred to the sample, promoting the growth of a thin nitride layer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrates the formation of a monocrystalline multiphase titanium nitride thin film. The XRD spectra show the multiphase reflections of Ti4N2 (111), Ti9N3.87 (009), and Ti12N7 (0012) that depend on the energy of the ion beam. Ti4N2 is observed to be the dominant phase in this ion implantation process. The morphological and compositional changes of ion implanted samples are investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Raman scattering analysis of treated samples verified the XRD results. The penetration depth of nitrogen ions inside the titanium is calculated using the SRIM code. Vickers hardness has improved three times compared to the original sample.
Chaotic neural networks with complex-valued weight and its applications in electrocardiogram classification
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Chen Luobing , Kou Lei , Hu Zhiqiang , Shu Minglei , Wang Gongming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As neural networks are easy to converge to local minimum, the ergodicity of chaotic system is helpful to tackle this problem. Besides, the real parts and imaginary parts in complex-valued chaotic systems are independent, which increase the ergodic property and unpredictability of the chaotic signals. Therefore, we propose a new chaotic neural network with complex-valued weight for electrocardiogram classification. Firstly, a complex Logistic chaotic map is put forward, and its bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov index, and chaotic attractors are analyzed. Secondly, based on the ergodicity of complex Logistic chaotic map and a novel neuron function, the learning algorithm including complex-valued weight iteration for the chaotic neural network is proposed. Finally, the MIT-BIH data-base is used to verify the proposed method. The chaotic neural network with real Logistic map and other classification methods are also adopted for comparison. The results show that our chaotic neural network has a certain improvement in the accuracy of electrocardiogram classification.
Partial regularity of suitable weak solution to a three-dimensional fractional parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes system
Authors: Lei Yuzhu , Liu Zuhan , Zhou Ling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a fractional parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes system in spatial dimensions three and obtain the global existence of the suitable weak solution by a contraction mapping theorem. Furthermore, we improve the regularity of the solution through a local maximal L

p
regularity estimate for the fractional heat equation such that the suitable weak solution is smooth away from a closed set whose one-dimensional parabolic Hausdorff measure is zero, which extends the partial regularity theory of Caffarelli, Kohn and Nirenberg [10] on the Navier–Stokes equation to the fractional parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis-Navier–Stokes system.
Piecewise nonlinear resistor-capacitor shunted josephson junction circuit: dynamical and microcontroller implementation probing
Authors: Ayena Wenceslas Senakpon Coami , Venkatesh Jayaraman , Ainamon Cyrille , Ngongiah Isidore Komofor , Sekhar D Chandra , Rajagopal Karthikeyan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper exposes the theoretical and microcontroller implementation probing of the piecewise nonlinear resistor-capacitor shunted Josephson junction circuit (PNRCSJJC). The PNRCSJJC is characterized by no steady state when the applied current is greater than one and exhibits two steady states in which one is a focus and its counterpart a saddle-node for excitation current less than or equal to one with credit to the Routh–Hurwitz criterion. The PNRCSJJC exhibits periodic characteristics, quasi-periodic characteristics, varying structures of chaotic characteristics, and coexisting behaviors which is proved qualitatively by the microcontroller execution method. The polarity of the chaotic signal in the voltage state variable is flexibly altered by varying a constant parameter included in the rate equations of PNRCSJJC.
Hidden extreme multistability in a smooth flux-controlled memristor based four-dimensional chaotic system and its application in image encryption
Authors: Kamdoum Tamba Victor , Biamou Arsene Loic Mbanda , Tagne François Kapche , Takougang Armand Cyrille Nzeukou , Fotsin Hilaire Bertrand 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces and investigates the dynamic analysis of a four-dimensional chaotic system based on a flux-controlled memristor and its application in image encryption. The analysis of equilibrium points of the system shows that it has no equilibrium points and therefore belongs to the family of systems with hidden attractors. It is demonstrated by computational simulations that the system under study experiences rich and complicated dynamics such as coexisting hidden attractors, hidden extreme multistability, offset boosting dynamics and antimonotonicity. A physical circuit that can reproduce the complex behaviors of the system is constructed and realized. The results are in agreement with those from computational simulations. According to the interesting features of the system, it is exploited to generate random bits for image encryption. The robustness and efficiency of the designed image encryption algorithm are tested by providing some statistical tests and security performances. It is found that the designed image encryption algorithm is efficient and robust compared to other image encryption algorithms investigated in some other recent related works.
Inside the Jaynes–Cummings sum
Authors: Pavlik S I 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
It is shown that the atomic inversion in the Jaynes–Cummings model has an exact representation as an integral over the Hankel contour. For a field in a coherent state, the integral is evaluated using the saddle point method. The trajectories of saddle points as a function of time are on the branches of the multi-valued Lambert function. All of them start at the initial moment of time, but make the maximum contribution to the inversion at different times. If the collapse and the first revival are clearly distinguished, then subsequent revivals are determined by the comparable contributions of several trajectories.
Modification of the dipole in arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays due to the Galactic magnetic field
Authors: Bakalová A. , Vícha J. , Trávníček P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The direction and magnitude of the dipole anisotropy of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with energies above 8 EeV observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory indicate their extragalactic origin. The observed dipole on Earth does not necessarily need to correspond to the anisotropy of the extragalactic cosmic-ray flux due to the effects of propagation in the Galactic magnetic field. We estimate the size of these effects via numerical simulations using the CRPropa 3 package. The Jansson-Farrar and Terral-Ferrière models of the Galactic magnetic field are used to propagate particles within the Galaxy. We identify allowed directions and amplitudes of the dipole outside the Galaxy that are compatible with the measured features of the dipole on Earth for various mass composition scenarios at the 68% and 95% confidence level.
Extracting spinning wormhole energy via Comisso-Asenjo process
Authors: Ye Xu , Wang Chao-Hui , Wei Shao-Wen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Recently, Comisso and Asenjo demonstrated that rapid magnetic reconnection is a promising approach to extract spinning black hole energy. In this paper, we focus on extracting spinning wormhole energy via such mechanism. The study shows that it is indeed possible to extract rotating energy from a spinning wormhole with small regularization parameter ℓ of the central singularity. The efficiency and power of the energy extraction are also evaluated. Quite different from the Kerr black hole, the spin of the wormhole can take arbitrarily large value. However, the increase in wormhole spin not always improves the efficiency and power of energy extraction. By further comparing with the Kerr black hole, we find the wormhole is more efficient when the magnetic reconnection happens within radial distance r/M < 1. These studies reveal the features of extracting spinning wormhole energy, and more underlying properties are expected to be disclosed for the horizonless objects.
Research on Residual Flux Measurement Method for Power Transformers
Authors: Chen Haotian , Dou Zhenlan , Yu Jiang , Chen Wei , Sun Pei , Zhang Chunyan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The residual flux of power transformers is an important factor affecting the inrush current. In order to solve the problem of residual flux measurement of power transformers, this paper proposes an indirect measuring method of residual flux based on the first peak value of inrush current. Through the investigation of the relationship between the inrush current, closing angle and residual flux, the value of residual flux can be measured by measuring the inrush current with controlled closing angle of different conditions, and the accuracy and validity of the residual flux measurement method is verified by experiment.
Improving the Flexibility of the Distribution Network Based on the Robust Chance Constraint Method
Authors: Chen Zhengping , Huang Minghua , Chen Feixiong , Li Wenzong , Shao Zhenguo , Xu Zhengqi , Wang Fangdong , Su Weiqi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
While the large-scale access to distributed new energy brings economic and environmental benefits, its inherent uncertainty characteristics also trigger problems such as voltage overruns and fluctuations. In order to effectively solve the adverse effects of large-scale grid connection of distributed new energy, this paper proposes the optimization method of regional autonomy capacity based on the robust chance constraint model. First, the regional autonomy capacity measurement method based on distribution robust optimization is studied, and the regional autonomy robust chance constraint model containing distributed energy is constructed. Second, the active distribution network scheduling model is studied to achieve the optimization of regional self-energy capacity. Finally, simulation examples show that the proposed approach can fully utilize the flexible resources within the distribution network and effectively improve the autonomy of the distribution network park.
Multi-time Optimal Dispatch of AC-DC Hybrid Microgrid with Spatiotemporal Discrepancy
Authors: Chen Hao , Lin Yi , Guo Chuangxin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
AC-DC hybrid microgrid with high permeability of renewable energy and its special system structure poses a challenge to the rational dispatch of AC-DC hybrid microgrid. To solve the problem, a multi-time period stochastic optimization of AC-DC hybrid microgrid scheduling strategy is proposed in this paper, which considers spatiotemporal differences. In the day-ahead optimal stage, the comprehensive consideration of the operating costs and characteristics of each distributional unit and bidirectional AC/DC power converter in the microgrid, a backup plan is developed to cope with the uncertainties of wind and AC/DC loads. In the intra-day scheduling stage, multi-scenario analysis technology is used to simulate the uncertainty of wind and AC and DC loads, and the intra-day rolling optimization dispatch model is constructed to ensure the validity of the day-ahead plan and fully suppress the power fluctuations caused by the day-ahead forecasting errors. Finally, by an example, the results show that the method can effectively deal with the influence of multi-uncertainties of the AC-DC hybrid microgrid.
Simulation calculation of guano fault hazardous areas in overhead transmission lines in power systems
Authors: Mao Xiaopo , Cui Qiuju , Ye Jianfeng , Li Xin , Deng Dehui , Zhou Guangyuan , Li Chaohui , Gao Liang , Yang Haibo , Yan Weiming 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Guano flashover is the most typical type of bird damage fault, which can be divided into two types based on the formation mechanism: guano spatial flashover and guano pollution flashover. These two types of flashover are harmful to almost all levels of transmission lines. For 110 kV level transmission lines, guano flashover faults account for over 90% of all bird damage faults. Among them, guano space flashover has caused tripping faults in multiple foreign ultra-high voltage lines. From this, it can be seen that finding the mechanism of bird manure fault formation and formulating corresponding preventive measures are of great significance for the safe operation of transmission lines.