bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a novel patient-specific quality assurance phantom for robotic single-isocentre, multiple-target stereotactic radiosurgery, and stereotactic radiotherapy
Authors: Xu Qianyi , Vinogradskiy Yevgeniy , Grimm Jimm , Nie Wei , Dupre Pamela , Chawla Ashish K , Bajaj Gopal , Yang Haihua , LaCouture Tamara , Fan Jiajin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) of 3 targets in a single delivery using a novel film-based phantom.

Methods
The phantom was designed to rotate freely as a sphere and could measure 3 targets with film in a single delivery. After identifying the coordinates of 3 targets in the skull, the rotation angles about the equator and meridian were computed for optimal phantom setup, ensuring the film plane intersected the 3 targets. The plans were delivered on the CyberKnife system using fiducial tracking. The irradiated films were scanned and processed. All films were analysed using 3 gamma criteria.

Results
Fifteen CyberKnife test plans with 3 different modalities were delivered on the phantom. Both automatic and marker-based registration methods were applied when registering the irradiated film and dose plane. Gamma analysis was performed using a 3%/1 mm, 2%/1 mm, and 1%/1 mm criteria with a 10% threshold. For the automatic registration method, the passing rates were 98.2% ± 1.9%, 94.2% ± 3.7%, and 80.9% ± 6.3%, respectively. For the marker-based registration approach, the passing rates were 96.4% ± 2.7%, 91.7% ± 4.3%, and 78.4% ± 6.2%, respectively.

Conclusions
A novel spherical phantom was evaluated for the CyberKnife system and achieved acceptable PSQA passing rates using TG218 recommendations. The phantom can measure true-composite dose and offers high-resolution results for PSQA, making it a valuable device for robotic radiosurgery.

Advances in knowledge
This is the first study on PSQA of 3 targets concurrently on the CyberKnife system.
Dermatopathology
Authors: Dhiman Avita , Daroach Manju , Chauhan Payal 
Published: January 2024

A 30-year-old man with Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV presented with an asymptomatic slowly enlarging lesion on his chest over the past year that on examination showed multiple erythematous papules and nodulo-plaques on an extended plaque-like base over the upper part of the chest.
A 30-year-old man with Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV presented with an asymptomatic, slowly enlarging lesion on his chest over the past year. On examination, there were multiple erythematous papules and nodulo-plaques on an extended plaque-like base over the upper part of the chest (Figure 1a). Upon palpation, the lesions were firm and nontender. There was no history of trauma or previous procedures in the chest area. Histopathology revealed interstitial spindle cell proliferation in a storiform pattern and focal subcutis infiltration (Figure 1b, c).
The Monarchy-led Urban Development: Lessons from Bangkok’s Planning Regime
Authors: Leelapatana Rawin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although royal absolutism was abolished on 24 June 1932, much infrastructure, including many roads and public facilities in the capital, Bangkok, is said to be the products of royal initiatives of his majesty the king. Ostensibly, the construction of such infrastructure was delivered, especially from the 1970s onwards, by a constitutional rather than an executive monarch and even against the presence of democratization and the Western-style urban planning regime. Such construction was put into operation by either the royal institution, a State organ, or individual royalist elites in honour of the king. As a result, these structures become visible symbols of public loyalty to the sacred throne as well as the king’s graciousness and altruism towards the people. I call this royal-initiated form of urban development ‘the monarchy-led urban development’ (MUD). In this paper, I argue that to implement the MUD in democratizing Thailand, the monarchy must move away from operating blatantly outside the law and instead seek recourse to it. Written constitutions, planning law instruments, and non-planning law instruments are integral for turning the abstract constitutional ideology of royal nationalism into concrete reality, while also lending a veneer of legality to royal prerogative in urban planning. Two main consequences of the legal implementation of the MUD are to be analysed: its legal accountability and the effectuation of town planning.
Estimating the Cost of Capital and the Profit Share
Authors: van Vlokhoven Has 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Capital costs are not directly observed since firms own part of their capital stock. I show under which assumptions variation in firms’ input choices reveals the user cost of capital. Using Compustat data for the United States, I find that the costs of tangible capital as a share of output have not been increasing, while economic profits have been increasing over the past 50 years from around 4% to around 9% of sales. About three-quarters of the fall in the labour share is associated with a rise in profits and the remainder is associated with a rise in intangible intensity.
On-table extubation is associated with reduced intensive care unit stay and hospitalization after trans-axillary minimally invasive mitral valve surgery
Authors: Malvindi Pietro Giorgio , Bifulco Olimpia , Berretta Paolo , Galeazzi Michele , Zingaro Carlo , D’Alfonso Alessandro , Zahedi Hossein M , Munch Christopher , Di Eusanio Marco 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Few data are available regarding early extubation after mitral valve surgery. We sought to assess the impact of an enhanced recovery after surgery-based protocol—ultra-fast-track protocol—in patients undergoing minimally invasive transaxillary mitral valve surgery.

METHODS
Data of patients who underwent transaxillary mitral valve surgery associated with ultra-fast-track protocol between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed. We compared preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data of patients who had fast-track extubation (≤6 h since the end of the procedure) and non-fast-track extubation (&gt;6 h) and, within the fast-track group, patients who underwent on-table extubation and patients who were extubated in intensive care unit within 6 h. Multivariable logistic regression was used to study the association of extubation timing and intensive care unit stay, postoperative stay and discharge home.

RESULTS
Three hundred fifty-six patients were included in the study. Two hundred eighty-two patients underwent fast-track extubation (79%) and 160 were extubated on table (45%). We found no difference in terms of mortality and occurrence of major complications (overall mortality and cerebral stroke 0.3%) according to the extubation timing. Fast-track extubation was associated with shorter intensive care unit stay, discharge home and discharge home within postoperative day 7 when compared to non-fast-track extubation. Within the fast-track group, on-table extubation was associated with intensive care unit stay ≤1 day and discharge home within postoperative day 7.

CONCLUSIONS
Fast-track extubation was achievable in most of the patients undergoing transaxillary minimally invasive mitral valve surgery and was associated with higher rates of day 1 intensive care unit discharge and discharge home. On-table extubation was associated with further reduced intensive care unit stay and hospitalization.
Insulitis in human type 1 diabetes: lessons from an enigmatic lesion
Authors: Morgan Noel G 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is caused by a deficiency of insulin secretion which has been considered traditionally as the outcome of a precipitous decline in the viability of β-cells in the islets of Langerhans, brought about by autoimmune-mediated attack. Consistent with this, various classes of lymphocyte, as well as cells of the innate immune system have been found in association with islets during disease progression. However, analysis of human pancreas from subjects with type 1 diabetes has revealed that insulitis is often less intense than in equivalent animal models of the disease and can affect many fewer islets than expected, at disease onset. This is especially true in subjects developing type 1 diabetes in, or beyond, their teenage years. Such studies imply that both the phenotype and the number of immune cells present within insulitic lesions can vary among individuals in an age-dependent manner. Additionally, the influent lymphocytes are often mainly arrayed peripherally around islets rather than gaining direct access to the endocrine cell core. Thus, insulitis remains an enigmatic phenomenon in human pancreas and this review seeks to explore the current understanding of its likely role in the progression of type 1 diabetes.
Evaluating evidence for co-geography in the Anopheles–Plasmodium host–parasite system
Authors: Rehmann Clara T , Ralph Peter L , Kern Andrew D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The often tight association between parasites and their hosts means that under certain scenarios, the evolutionary histories of the two species can become closely coupled both through time and across space. Using spatial genetic inference, we identify a potential signal of common dispersal patterns in the Anopheles gambiae and Plasmodium falciparum host–parasite system as seen through a between-species correlation of the differences between geographic sampling location and geographic location predicted from the genome. This correlation may be due to coupled dispersal dynamics between host and parasite but may also reflect statistical artifacts due to uneven spatial distribution of sampling locations. Using continuous-space population genetics simulations, we investigate the degree to which uneven distribution of sampling locations leads to bias in prediction of spatial location from genetic data and implement methods to counter this effect. We demonstrate that while algorithmic bias presents a problem in inference from spatio-genetic data, the correlation structure between A. gambiae and P. falciparum predictions cannot be attributed to spatial bias alone and is thus likely a genetic signal of co-dispersal in a host–parasite system.
L
p
-Minkowski Problem Under Curvature Pinching
Authors: Ivaki Mohammad N , Milman Emanuel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Let $K$ be a smooth, origin-symmetric, strictly convex body in ${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$. If for some $\ell \in \textrm{GL}(n,{\mathbb{R}})$, the anisotropic Riemannian metric $\frac{1}{2}D^{2} \left \Vert \cdot \right \Vert_{\ell K}^{2}$, encapsulating the curvature of $\ell K$, is comparable to the standard Euclidean metric of ${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$ up-to a factor of $\gamma&gt; 1$, we show that $K$ satisfies the even $L^{p}$-Minkowski inequality and uniqueness in the even $L^{p}$-Minkowski problem for all $p \geq p_{\gamma }:= 1 - \frac{n+1}{\gamma }$. This result is sharp as $\gamma \searrow 1$ (characterizing centered ellipsoids in the limit) and improves upon the classical Minkowski inequality for all $\gamma &lt; \infty $. In particular, whenever $\gamma \leq n+1$, the even log-Minkowski inequality and uniqueness in the even log-Minkowski problem hold.
Patient-targeted education (ePRO-E) to increase ePRO intent within an Alliance clinical trial (A221805-SI1)
Authors: Smith Ellen M Lavoie , Cho Youmin , Hillman Shauna , Scott Mary R , Harlos Elizabeth , Wills Rachel , Loprinzi Charles , Wilson Christina M , Zahrieh David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
The Patient Cloud ePRO app was adopted by the National Cancer Institute National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) to facilitate capturing electronic patient-reported (ePRO) outcome data, but use has been low. The study objectives were to test whether a patient-targeted ePRO educational resource (ePRO-E) would increase ePRO intent (number of users) and improve data quality (high quality: ≥80% of the required surveys submitted) within an ongoing NCTN study.

Methods
The ePRO-E intervention, a patient-targeted educational resource (written material and 6-minute animated YouTube video), was designed to address ePRO barriers. ePRO intent and data quality were compared between 2 groups (N = 69): a historical control group and a prospectively recruited intervention group exposed to ePRO-E. Covariates included technology attitudes, age, sex, education, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity.

Results
Intervention group ePRO intent (78.8%) was statistically significantly higher than historical control group intent (47.1%) (P = .03). Patients choosing ePRO versus paper surveys had more positive and higher technology attitudes scores (P = .03). The odds of choosing ePRO were 4.7 times higher (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.2 to 17.8) (P = .02) among intervention group patients and 5.2 times higher (95% CI = 1.3 to 21.6) (P = .02) among patients with high technology attitudes scores, after controlling for covariates. However, the 80% submission rate (percentage submitting ≥80% of required surveys) in the ePRO group (30.6%) was statistically significantly lower than in the paper group (57.9%) (P = .05).

Conclusions
ePRO-E exposure increased ePRO intent. High technology attitudes scores were associated with ePRO selection. Since the ePRO survey submission rate was low, additional strategies are needed to promote high-quality data submission.
Trade openness in developing countries and use of the dispute settlement system of the World Trade Organisation
Authors: Adelaiye Samaila , Eluogu Okechukwu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Trade openness has long been encouraged as the path to economic development, and many countries have embraced international trade. To deal with the risks of trade conflicts and economic disputes, the World Trade Organisation (WTO) provides a forum for negotiating multilateral trade agreements between nations that aim to remove trade barriers. While most members are developing countries, the benefits of the Dispute Settlement System (DSS) adopted by the WTO to settle trade disputes between members raise concerns about its adequacy for settling disputes involving developing countries. In this work, we look at the effects of trade openness on developing countries’ participation as complainants in the WTO DSS. We argue that with more openness of developing countries to external trade, they become less likely to file complaints with the DSS. Using quantitative data, we analyse how trade openness reflects dependence on international trade, dissuading developing countries from using the DSS.
Interviewer Ratings of Physical Appearance in a Large-Scale Survey in China
Authors: Wu Qiong , Xie Yu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Interviewer ratings of respondents’ physical appearance have been collected in several major social surveys. While researchers have made good use of such ratings data in substantive studies, empirical evidence on their measurement properties is rather limited. This study evaluates two potential threats to the quality of interviewer ratings of physical appearance: interviewer effects and halo effects. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies, we show large interviewer effects on interviewer ratings of respondents’ physical appearance based on cross-classified models. We also provide possible evidence for halo effects based on high correlations between physical appearance ratings and other theoretically distinct constructs, after controlling for interviewer effects. However, we find support for convergent and discriminant validity of physical appearance ratings when both interviewer effects and halo effects are controlled for. Empirical studies using interviewer observation data should take into account interviewer effects and halo effects when possible or at least discuss their potential impact on the substantive findings.
The Prevalence and Nature of Cognitive Interviewing as a Survey Questionnaire Evaluation Method in the United States
Authors: Caporaso Andrew , Presser Stanley 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We describe the prevalence and nature of cognitive interviewing (CI) for testing survey questionnaires in the United States and compare our results to those from Blair and Presser’s similar study of three decades ago when such testing was relatively new. We find that although CI is now much more common than in 1993, there are still many organizations that do not use it. In addition, we find that there has been only a modest reduction in the great variation of ways CI is conducted both within and across organizations. We interpret this variability mainly as a reflection of the lack of consensus about best practices and call for research that will make consensus about best practices more likely.
Anisotropic energy injection from magnetar central engines in short GRBs
Authors: Wang Yihan , Zhang Bing , Zhu Zhaohuan 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
A long-lived magnetar, potentially originating from a binary neutron star system, has been proposed to explain the extended emission observed in certain short-duration gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs), and is posited as a potential central engine to power the engine-fed kilonovae. Previously, the process by which energy is injected into the surrounding ejecta/jet was widely believed to be nearly isotropic. In this study, we employ special relativity magnetohydrodynamic (SRMHD) simulations to investigate the wind injection process from a magnetar central engine. We explore the dynamics and energy distribution within the system and found that the parameter α = uA/uMWN can be used to indicate the collimation of the magnetar wind energy injection, where uA is the local Alfven four-speed and uMWN is the four-speed of the magnetar wind nebular (MWN) formed from wind-ejecta collision. A significant portion of the injected energy from the magnetar spin-down wind will be channeled to the jet axis due to collimation within the MWN. Achieving isotropic energy injection requires a significantly small α that necessitates either an ultra-relativistic expanding MWN or an extremely low magnetization MWN, both of which are challenging to attain in sGRBs. Consequently, a considerably reduced energy budget (i.e. energy per solid angle reduced by a factor of up to 10 with respect to the value under isotropic assumption) is anticipated to be injected into the ejecta for engine-fed kilonovae. Engine-fed kilonovae would appear fainter than originally anticipated.
North–South asymmetries in the Galactic thin disc associated with the vertical phase spiral as seen using LAMOST-Gaia stars
Authors: Lin Jun , Guo Rui , Bird Sarah A , Tian Haijun , Liu Chao , Flynn Chris , Liu Gaochao , Cui Sheng 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We select 1052 469 (754 635) thin disc stars from Gaia eDR3 and LAMOST DR7 in the range of Galactocentric radius R (guiding centre radius Rg) from 8 to 11 kpc to investigate the asymmetries between the North and South of the disc mid-plane. More specifically, we analyse the vertical velocity dispersion profiles ($\sigma _{v_{z}}(z$)) in different bins of R (Rg) and [Fe/H]. We find troughs in the profiles of $\sigma _{v_{z}}(z)$ located in both the North (z ∼ 0.7 kpc) and South (z ∼ −0.5 kpc) of the disc at all radial and chemical bins studied. The difference between the Northern and Southern vertical velocity dispersion profiles ($\Delta \sigma _{v_{z}}(|z|)$) shows a shift between curves of different R and Rg. A similar shift exists in these North–South (NS) asymmetry profiles further divided into different [Fe/H] ranges. The sample binned with Rg more clearly displays the features in the velocity dispersion profiles. The shift in the peaks of the $\Delta \sigma _{v_{z}}$ profiles and the variation in the phase spiral shape binned by metallicity indicate the variation of the vertical potential profiles and the radial metallicity gradient. The wave-like signal in NS asymmetry of $\sigma _{v_{z}}(z)$ largely originates from phase spiral; while the NS asymmetry profiles of [Fe/H] only display a weak wave-like feature near solar radius. We perform a test particle simulation to qualitatively reproduce the observed results. A quantitative explanation of the NS asymmetry in the metallicity profile needs careful consideration of the spiral shape and the perturbation model, and we leave this for future work.
Core shift in parabolic accelerating jets
Authors: Nokhrina E E , Pushkarev A B 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The core-shift method is a powerful method to estimate the physical parameters in relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei. The classical approach assumes a conical geometry of jets and a constant plasma speed. However, recent observations have shown that neither may hold close to the central engine, where the plasma in the jet is effectively accelerating and the jet geometry is quasi-parabolic. We modify the classical core-shift method to account for these jet properties. We show that the core-shift index may assume values in the range 0.8−1.2 or 0.53−0.8 depending on the jet geometry and viewing angle, and indices close to both values are indeed observed. We obtain expressions to estimate the jet magnetic field and the total magnetic flux in a jet. We show that the obtained magnetic field value can be easily recalculated down to the gravitational radius scale. For M87 and NGC 315, these values are in good agreement with those obtained by different methods.
Best practices for the execution, analysis, and data storage of plant single-cell/nucleus transcriptomics
Authors: Grones Carolin , Eekhout Thomas , Shi Dongbo , Neumann Manuel , Berg Lea S , Ke Yuji , Shahan Rachel , Cox Kevin L , Gomez-Cano Fabio , Nelissen Hilde , Lohmann Jan U , Giacomello Stefania , Martin Olivier C , Cole Benjamin , Wang Jia-Wei , Kaufmann Kerstin , Raissig Michael T , Palfalvi Gergo , Greb Thomas , Libault Marc , De Rybel Bert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing technologies capture the expression of plant genes at an unprecedented resolution. Therefore, these technologies are gaining traction in plant molecular and developmental biology for elucidating the transcriptional changes across cell types in a specific tissue or organ, upon treatments, in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, or between genotypes. Despite the rapidly accelerating use of these technologies, collective and standardized experimental and analytical procedures to support the acquisition of high-quality data sets are still missing. In this commentary, we discuss common challenges associated with the use of single-cell transcriptomics in plants and propose general guidelines to improve reproducibility, quality, comparability, and interpretation and to make the data readily available to the community in this fast-developing field of research.