bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inducible expression of the regulatory protein kinase CK2β subunit: Incorporation into complexes with catalytic CK2 subunits and re‐examination of the effects of CK2β on cell proliferation
Authors: Vilk Greg , Derksen D. Richard , Litchfield David W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe regulatory subunit of protein kinase CK2, designated CK2β, exists both free in cells and in complexes with the CK2 catalytic subunits. Growing evidence suggests that CK2β has functions dependent and independent of the CK2 catalytic subunits. There have been indications that CK2β has functions associated with DNA damage responses and in the control of cell proliferation. For example, transient and stable constitutive overexpression of CK2β in mammalian cells was previously shown to perturb cell cycle progression and to attenuate proliferation. To systematically investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects of CK2β on cell proliferation, we generated human osteosarcoma U2OS cell lines with tetracycline‐regulated expression of CK2β. Increased expression of CK2β results in increases in total cellular CK2 activity, but no changes in cell cycle profiles or proliferation. Furthermore, following exposure to ultraviolet radiation, p53 induction was identical regardless of the levels of CK2β in cells. Mouse 3T3‐L1 cells stably transfected with CK2β also showed no alterations in cell proliferation. The differences between these results and those previously reported emphasize the complex nature of CK2β and its cellular functions. Furthermore, these results indicate that increased expression of CK2β is not by itself sufficient to effect alterations in cell proliferation. J. Cell. Biochem. 84: 84–99, 2002. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Four‐component relativistic Kohn–Sham theory
Authors: Saue Trond , Helgaker Trygve 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA four‐component relativistic implementation of Kohn–Sham theory for molecular systems is presented. The implementation is based on a nonredundant exponential parametrization of the Kohn–Sham energy, well suited to studies of molecular static and dynamic properties as well as of total electronic energies. Calculations are presented of the bond lengths and the harmonic and anharmonic vibrational frequencies of Au2, Hg, HgAu+, HgPt, and AuH. All calculations are based on the full four‐component Dirac–Coulomb Hamiltonian, employing nonrelativistic local, gradient‐corrected, and hybrid density functionals. The relevance of the Coulomb and Breit operators for the construction of relativistic functionals is discussed; it is argued that, at the relativistic level of density‐functional theory and in the absence of a vector potential, the neglect of current functionals follows from the neglect of the Breit operator. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 814–823, 2002
Generate: A program for 3‐D structure generation and conformational analysis of peptides and peptidomimetics
Authors: Bultinck Patrick , Augustynen Stijn , Hilbers Hans W. , Moret Ed E. , Tollenaere Jan P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe program Generate, aimed at generating 3‐D structures for peptides and peptidomimetics, is presented. The algorithm is based on a build‐up procedure, using a library of conformations of amino acid residues. This library is built from conformational analysis of amino acids placed in a di‐ or tripeptide environment to mimic the surroundings of the amino acid in a true peptide, considering different positions of the residue in the peptide chain (peptidyl fragment, NH‐terminus or COO−‐terminus). Cis‐trans isomerism in the amide bonds is taken into account by construction of rotamer libraries for different isomers. Water solvation is included through the GB/SA model. New amino acid residues can easily be added to the libraries, making it possible to generate conformations of peptidomimetics. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 746–754, 2002
Basis‐set completeness profiles in two dimensions
Authors: Auer Alexander A. , Helgaker Trygve , Klopper Wim 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA two‐electron basis‐set completeness profile is proposed by analogy with the one‐electron profile introduced by D. P. Chong (Can J Chem 1995, 73, 79). It is defined as Y(α,β)=∑m∑n〈Gα(1)Gβ(2)∣(1/r12)∣Ψm(1)Ψn(2)〉〈Ψm(1)Ψn(2)∣r12∣Gα(1)Gβ(2)〉 and motivated by the expression for the basis‐set truncation correction that occurs in the framework of explicitly correlated methods (Gα is a scanning Gaussian‐type orbital of exponent α and {Ψm} is the orthonormalized one‐electron basis under study). The two‐electron basis‐set profiles provide a visual assessment of the suitability of basis sets to describe electron‐correlation effects. Furthermore, they provide the opportunity to assess the quality of the basis set as a whole—not only of the individual angular momentum subspaces, as is the case for the one‐electron basis‐set profiles. The two‐electron completeness profiles of the cc‐pVXZ (X=D, T, Q), aug‐cc‐pVTZ, cc‐pCVTZ, and SVP‐auxiliary basis sets for the carbon atom are presented as illustrative examples. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 23: 420–425, 2002
Therapist countertransference: In search of common themes and empirical referents
Authors: Kiesler Donald J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThroughout this issue on countertransference (CT) and elsewhere, the multiple terms used to describe CT events provide rich conceptual diversity, but also result in theoretical isolation and clinical compartmentalization. Our study and understanding of CT would benefit remarkably if we could agree on empirical‐therapist features that any CT conceptualization must target. Subsequent discussions of CT then could specify which of the respective empirical features are being addressed. Accordingly, I offer a descriptive framework that asserts that CT and its hypothesized subtypes (e.g., subjective and objective) can be detected empirically whenever a therapist's experiences and actions with a particular client assume one of several definable “deviations from baseline.” If, in our clinical or research pursuits, we are to understand CT, we have to take the time to assess the necessary behavioral baselines for therapists and their clients. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 57: 1053–1063, 2001.
The Hispanic MMPI‐A across five countries
Authors: Scott Ronald L. , Butcher James N. , Young Tracy L. , Gomez Nelson 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Hispanic MMPI‐A was developed for use with Spanish‐speaking adolescents living in the United States. In order to sample its potential usefulness in other countries, the test was administered to 385 Spanish‐speaking adolescents in Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Spain, and the United States. The results showed a high degree of similarity across the five countries on the basic content and supplementary scales. Most scales were within 1/2 standard deviation of the U.S. Hispanic mean, and no scale elevations were greater than T = 65. Slight differences (T = 55–60) were obtained on scale F for males and scales F, Hs, Mf (Peru and Colombia), Pa, and Sc for females. This study would suggest that the Hispanic MMPI‐A, with its established norms, is appropriate for adaptation in Spanish‐speaking countries other than the United States. Further studies with the Hispanic MMPI‐A are recommended to determine its effectiveness in clinical assessment in Spanish‐speaking countries. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 407–417, 2002.
Can neighborhood associations be allies in health policy efforts? Political activity among neighborhood associations
Authors: Lenk Kathleen M. , Toomey Traci L. , Wagenaar Alexander C. , Bosma Linda M. , Vessey John 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe examined organizational characteristics and types of political actions of neighborhood associations, and factors influencing the amount of political activity among the associations. We hypothesized that four neighborhood characteristics (population size, income, educational level, and percentage of owner‐occupied households) and six organizational characteristics (budget, number of staff, size of board, newsletter publication, coalition involvement, and resident involvement) would influence the amount of political activity of the associations. We obtained data from the 1990 U.S. Census and a survey of neighborhood associations (n = 84) in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota. We found that neighborhood associations engaged in numerous and diverse political activities. Results from multiple regression analyses revealed that median household income was negatively associated with amount of political activity. Population size of the neighborhood and intensity of involvement in multi‐organization coalitions were both positively associated with political activity (all significant at p < .05). We conclude that neighborhood associations, particularly those in larger and poorer neighborhoods, can be key allies in health and social policy efforts. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Oxygen‐mediated regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and adipogenesis in culture
Authors: Csete Marie , Walikonis Jean , Slawny Nicole , Wei Yuewang , Korsnes Sheryl , Doyle John C. , Wold Barbara 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMajor problems in stem cell biology revolve around defining the developmental potential of cell populations and understanding how their potential is maintained or progressively restricted. Oxygen (O2) is an obvious environmental factor which has received little attention in culturing skeletal muscle progenitor cells. In this work, we examine the effects of O2 levels on the developmental potential, proliferative capacity, and phenotype of the adult skeletal muscle fiber progenitor population (satellite cells), and cell lines that model multipotential embryonic paraxial mesoderm from which skeletal muscle develops. Both satellite cell proliferation and survival of mature fibers increased in physiologic (6%) O2 vs. non‐physiologic 20% O2 used in virtually all traditional cell culture. Six percent O2 conditions also accelerated the up‐regulation of multiple MyoD family myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). An unexpected finding was that fiber‐adherent satellite cells could assume a non‐myogenic phenotype. By the criteria of molecular markers and gross lipid accumulation, satellite cells were found to assume an adipocyte phenotype, and did so more prominently in 20% O2 than in physiologic O2. Selection of the adipogenic fate and execution of adipogenesis by multipotential mesenchymal cell lines was also dramatically higher in traditional 20 vs. 6% O2, and decreased adipogenesis in physiologic O2 was associated with significantly less expression of the adipogenic regulator, PPARγ. These results suggest that regulatory pathways affected by O2 are important for satellite cell proliferation, execution of cell fate, and parent muscle survival in culture, and so may play a role in vivo under normal or pathologic conditions. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Malondialdehyde binding to proteins dramatically alters fibroblast functions
Authors: Rittié Laure , Monboisse Jean‐Claude , Gorisse Marie‐Claude , Gillery Philippe 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe regulation of cell metabolism by the surrounding environment is deeply altered by the posttranslational nonenzymatic modifications of extracellular proteins that occur throughout lifespan in vivo and modify their structural and functional properties. Among them are protein adducts formed by components generated from oxidative processes, such as malondialdehyde (MDA). We have investigated here the effects of MDA‐binding to proteins on cultured fibroblast functions. Type I collagen and/or serum proteins were incubated with 0–100 mM MDA for 3 h before use in fibroblast cultures. In tridimensional lattice cultures, MDA‐treated collagen inhibited the contracting activity of fibroblasts. A similar inhibition of lattice contraction was reproduced by the addition of MDA‐treated serum to the culture medium. In monolayer cultures, the addition of MDA‐modified serum proteins completely inhibited fibroblast multiplication without effect on initial adhesion steps. MDA‐modified proteins decreased the proliferative capacities of cells, strongly altered cell cycle progression by blocking passage to G2/M phases, and induced apoptotic features in fibroblasts. Our results show, for the first time, that MDA‐modified proteins are potentially as deleterious as free MDA, and could be involved in aging as well as in degenerative complications of diseases with increased oxidative stress such as diabetes mellitus or atherosclerosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 191: 227–236, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nitric oxide chemistry and cellular signaling
Authors: Gow Andrew J. , Ischiropoulos Harry 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) has been shown to mediate a number of different physiological functions within every major organ system. This wide variety of functional roles is made all the more remarkable when one considers that NO is a simple diatomic molecule. However, despite the simplicity of the molecule, NO possesses a wide range of chemical reactivity and multiple potential reactive targets. It is the variability of NO reactivity, which leads to its capability to control such a vast range of biological functions. In essence the functionality of NO is controlled by its chemical reactivity. In order to understand this possibility further it is necessary to consider the biologically relevant reactions of nitric oxide. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
COP‐1, a member of the CCN family, is a heparin‐induced growth arrest specific gene in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Delmolino Laurie M. , Stearns Nancy A. , Castellot John J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractVascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hyperplasia is responsible for the failure of 15–30% of vascular surgical procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafts and angioplasties. We and others have shown that heparin suppresses VSMC proliferation in vivo and in cell culture. We hypothesize that heparin inhibits VSMC proliferation by binding to cell surface receptors, resulting in selective modulation of mitogenic signal transduction pathways and altered transcription of a specific subset of growth regulatory genes. To test this idea, we used subtractive hybridization to identify differentially expressed mRNAs in heparin‐treated and untreated VSMC. We identified a heparin induced mRNA identical to Cop‐1, a member of the CCN family of proteins which are secreted, cysteine‐rich modular proteins involved in growth regulation and migration. Cop‐1 from smooth muscle cells appears to have a different expression pattern and possibly different functions than Cop‐1 from other cells. Cop‐1 mRNA is expressed at high levels in quiescent VSMC and at low levels in proliferating VSMC, an expression pattern highly characteristic of growth arrest specific genes. Cop‐1 mRNA is expressed at high levels in heparin treated VSMC and COP‐1 protein is secreted into culture medium. In tissues, Cop‐1 expression is observed in the uninjured rat aorta suggesting a possible role for Cop‐1 in vivo. We found PDGF, but not EGF, inhibits the expression of Cop‐1 in VSMC. Neither TGF‐β nor interferon‐β, two inhibitors of VSMC proliferation, were able to induce Cop‐1 expression. In addition, heparin does not induce Cop‐1 mRNA in endothelial cells and VSMC resistant to the antiproliferative effect of heparin. Conditioned medium from cells over‐expressing COP‐1 protein inhibits VSMC proliferation in culture. Together, our data indicate that COP‐1 may play a role in the antiproliferative mechanism of action of heparin. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of inducible nitric oxide generation by agmatine aldehyde: Beneficial effects in sepsis
Authors: Satriano Joseph , Schwartz Doron , Ishizuka Shunji , Lortie Mark J. , Thomson Scott C. , Gabbai Francis , Kelly Carolyn J. , Blantz Roland C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) serves an important immuno‐protective function in inflammatory states, but ungoverned nitric oxide (NO) generation can contribute to a number of pathologic consequences. Delineation of the mechanisms that can downregulate iNOS‐generated NO in inflammation could have therapeutic relevance. Here we show that agmatine, a metabolite of arginine, inhibits iNOS mediated nitric oxide generation in cytokine stimulated cell culture preparations. This effect was not cell type specific. Increased diamine oxidase (DAO) and decreased aldehyde dehydrogenase (AldDH) activities are also representative of inflammatory settings. Increasing the conversion of agmatine to an aldehyde form by addition of purified DAO or suppression of aldehyde breakdown by inhibition of AldDH activity increases the inhibitory effects of agmatine in an additive fashion. Inhibitors of DAO, but not monoamine oxidase (MAO), decreased the inhibitory effects of agmatine, as did the addition of AldDH or reacting aldehydes with phenylhydrazine. We examined rats given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the potential effects of agmatine in vivo. Endotoxic rats administered agmatine prevented the decreases in blood pressure and renal function normally associated with sepsis. Agmatine treatment also increased the survival of LPS treated mice. Our data demonstrate the capacity of agmatine aldehyde to suppress iNOS mediated NO generation, and indicate a protective function of agmatine in a model of endotoxic shock. How agmatine may aid in coordinating the early NO phase and the later repair phase responses in models of inflammation is discussed. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endothelial exposure to hypoxia induces Egr‐1 expression involving PKCα‐mediated Ras/Raf‐1/ERK1/2 pathway
Authors: Lo Leu‐Wei , Cheng Jing‐Jy , Chiu Jeng‐Jiann , Wung Being‐Sun , Liu Yu‐Chi , Wang Danny Ling 
Published: August 2002

AbstractHypoxia induces endothelial dysfunction that results in a series of cardiovascular injuries. Early growth response‐1 (Egr‐1) has been indicated as a common theme in vascular injury. Here we demonstrates that in bovine aortic endothelial cells (ECs) subjected to hypoxia (PO2 ≈ 23 mmHg), rapidly increased Egr‐1 mRNA expression which peaked within 30 min and decreased afterwards. Treatment of ECs with PD98059, a specific inhibitor to mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK), inhibited this hypoxia‐induced Egr‐1 expression. The involvement of ERK pathway was further substantiated by the inhibition of Egr‐1 promoter activities when ECs were co‐transfected with a dominant negative mutant of Ras (RasN17), Raf‐1 (Raf 301), or a catalytically inactive mutant of ERK2 (mERK). In addition, the hypoxia‐induced transcriptional activity of Elk‐1, an ERK substrate, was abolished by administration of PD98059. Addition of calphostin C, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, completely blocked the hypoxia‐augmented Egr‐1 expression. The likewise occurred while exposing ECs to D609 to inhibit phospholipase C and BAPTA/AM to chelate intracellular calcium. Hypoxia to ECs increased ERK phosphorylation within 10 min and which was abolished by administration of PD98095, calphostin C, and BAPTA/AM. Hypoxia triggered a transient translocation of PKCα from cytosol to membrane fraction concurrent with the association of PKCα to Raf‐1. Involvement of PKCα in mediating ERK activation was further confirmed by the inhibition of ERK and the subsequent Egr‐1 gene induction with antisense oligonucleotides to PKCα. These results indicate that ECs under hypoxia induce Egr‐1 expression and this induction requires calcium, phospholipase C activation, and PKCα‐mediated Ras/Raf‐1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our finding support the importance of specific PKC isozyme linked to MAPK pathway in the regulation of endothelial responses to hypoxia. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intrarenal arteriovenous fistula causing a ‘‘pseudonutcracker effect’’
Authors: Yagmurlu Banu , Özcan Hasan , Aytaç Suat Kemal , Bilgiç Sadık , Sanlıdilek Umman 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report a case in which an intrarenal arteriovenous fistula caused the nutcracker effect. Color Doppler sonography of the left renal artery showed a peak systolic velocity of 150 cm/second and renoaortic ratio of 2.1. The left renal vein was significantly dilated, and the adjacent renal artery was kinked. A stenosis in the left renal vein at the aorto‐ mesenteric bifurcation was demonstrated, with a maximum velocity of 201 cm/second. Renal Doppler evaluation showed an area of high‐velocity, low‐resistance arterial flow consistent with an arteriovenous fistula in the inferior half of the left kidney. Angiography confirmed the fistula. The fistula was successfully occluded by coil embolization. Follow‐up sonography showed almost complete obliteration of the fistula, regression of the renal vein dilatation, and a reduction in renal venous and arterial flow velocities. Given the reversibility of the fistula's effects, we suggest the term ‘‘pseudonutcracker effect’’ to describe this case. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:109–113, 2002; DOI 10.1002/jcu.10030
Sonographic findings in glomus tympanicum tumor
Authors: De Candia Alessandro , Como Giuseppe , Passon Paolo , Pedace Ernesto , Bazzocchi Massimo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA glomus tympanicum tumor that is associated with a visible retrotympanic mass is the most frequent cause of pulsatile tinnitus. The preoperative diagnostic approach to this lesion includes a meticulous physical examination as well as high‐resolution CT, magnetic resonance angiography, and digital angiography, which can also be used for preoperative embolization. We report the use of color transcranial Doppler sonography in the evaluation of glomus tympanicum tumor in a 67‐year‐old woman with a 3‐year history of left tinnitus. An otoscopic examination revealed a reddish pulsatile mass behind an intact tympanic membrane. No lesions were visualized on gray‐scale sonography. Contrast‐enhanced color transcranial Doppler sonography showed a vascular ovoid mass that measured 2 × 1 × 1 cm; spectral analysis of the lesion revealed arterial flow with a low resistance index. Color transcranial Doppler sonography helped define the dimensions and vascular characteristics of the lesion. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30:236–240, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10058
Comparative anatomy of the podocyte: A scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: Takahashi‐Iwanaga Hiromi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe three‐dimensional structure of the renal glomerular podocyte was comparatively analyzed with special reference to its cellular interdigitation. Kidneys of lampreys, carps, eels, xenopuses, bullfrogs, iguanas, rats, and rabbits were used as materials. Urinary and basal surfaces of podocytes were exposed by a conventional freeze‐fracture method and by NaOH maceration, respectively, and subsequently examined by scanning electron microscopy. In accordance with previous reports, each podocyte consisted of a round cell body protruding into Bowman's space, four to six major processes embracing glomerular capillary, and numerous pedicels on both sides of the major processes. The podocyte pedicels exhibited uniform needle‐like shapes, about 0.2 μm thick, interdigitated with those of adjoining cells along the entire length of the cell margins in all the animal species examined. This finding suggests that the fine pedicel interdigitation is a primary event in morphogenesis of the podocyte. The basal aspect of the glomerular epithelium was mosaicked with pedicels which were laid at various angles to the capillary axis, in favor of its possible role as a mechanical support of the capillary wall. Microsc. Res. Tech. 57:196–202, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.