bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misdiagnosis of eosinophilic cystitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shi Guanyu , Wang Leibo , Peng Guangxu , An Xu , Lu Xingyong , Wu Huagu , Li Yongjun 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a rare and specific transmural inflammatory disease in clinic. At present, its etiology is unknown, its clinical manifestations are diverse, and its auxiliary examination lacks specificity, so it is easy to be missed or misdiagnosed in clinical practice.

Patient concerns:
A 72-year-old male patient with symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction accompanied by hematuria was diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia with bleeding by B-ultrasound and urinary CT examination. After being treated with catheterization, anti-infection and hemostasis, he was selectively treated with transurethral resection of prostate, but he saw a pattern mass on the right back wall of the bladder during the operation. Considering bladder tumor, he removed the lesion and gave pirarubicin for bladder perfusion. However, the postoperative pathological result was EC.

Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of EC can only rely on pathological examination, and the accurate and positive rate of biopsy can be improved by obtaining muscle tissue as much as possible at the same time of multi-point biopsy.

Intervention:
Prednisone and cetirizine were given orally after transurethral resection of lesions, and tamsulosin and finasteride were given regularly to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Outcomes:
No recurrence and abnormal urination were found during the follow-up for half a year, and the upper urinary tract function was normal.

Lessons:
The clinical manifestations of EC are atypical, the laboratory examination and imaging examination are not specific, and it is difficult to make a definite diagnosis before operation. The diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Transurethral resection of the lesion can obviously improve the positive rate of biopsy while completely removing the lesion, and the combined drug treatment can achieve satisfactory results in a short period of time. Active follow-up after operation is very important to identify the recurrence of the disease and prevent the upper urinary tract function from being damaged.
The synergistic effect of herbal medicine and probiotics in pediatric functional constipation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Eunjin , Chang Seokjoo , Nam Jisoo , Park Nanjoo , Min Sang Yeon 
Published: February 2024

Background:Pediatric functional constipation (PFC) is a prevalent and persistent gastrointestinal disorder, that requires various treatments, including alternative approaches. This review assessed the synergistic efficacy of herbal medicine (HM) and probiotics for PFC.Methods:We conducted a comprehensive search of 11 databases, including English, Chinese, and Korean databases, until June 29, 2023. The inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the intervention of HM with probiotics to that of the same probiotics. Statistical analyses included calculation of the mean difference (MD), standardized MD, risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and assessment of risk of bias using Review Manager Version 5.4 software. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation rating system was used to evaluate evidence quality. Potential publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger test, the fail-safe N test, and Duval and Tweedie trim and fill method.Results:A total of 22 RCTs involving 2228 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The HM and probiotics group exhibited superior outcomes compared to the probiotics alone group in various parameters: total effective rate (RR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.19–1.29,P < .001), Bristol fecal Score (MD: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71–0.89,P < .001), gastrointestinal peptide hormone (motilin) (MD: 35.37, 95% CI: 24.64–64.10,P < .001), inflammation indicator (nitrous oxide) (MD: −12.45, 95% CI: −15.12 to −9.77,P < .001), minimal sensitive volume of the rectum (MD: −8.7, 95% CI: −10.91 to −6.49,P < .001), and recurrence rate (RR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.21–0.43,P < .001).Conclusion:The combination of HM and probiotics may exhibit a synergistic effect on PFC. Nevertheless, it is imperative to undertake rigorously planned RCTs to comprehensively evaluate the synergistic efficacy of HM and probiotics.
Adult-type granulosa cell tumor associated with elevated luteinizing hormone: Two rare case reports
Authors: Wang Yujing , Wang Na , Zhang Xuejiao , Fu Zijie , Pang Chao , Zhang Yuan , Li Xiaodong 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Adult-type granulosa cell tumors (AGCTs), which account for 2% to 5% of all malignant ovarian tumors, are rare sex cord-stromal tumors that usually secrete excess estrogens, but they can also secrete androgens.

Patient concerns:
We report 2 patients of childbearing age with AGCT who presented with the complaint of abnormal menstruation and elevated luteinizing hormone (LH), and mildly elevated testosterone.

Diagnosis:
The ovarian tumors had hormonal activity.

Interventions:
The 2 patients underwent laparoscopic left adnexectomy. The second patient underwent 4 cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin as adjuvant treatments.

Outcomes:
Their postoperative pathology confirmed AGCTs. Also, their menstrual cycle returned to normal, with normal serum LH and testosterone levels. There was no sign of recurrence.

Conclusion:
The cases suggest that elevated serum LH levels may be a sign of unknown tumors in cases of oligomenorrhea or secondary amenorrhea. It is useful to evaluate the serum levels of inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone to improve the early recognition of ovarian granulosa cell tumors.
The role of the microbiome in liver disease
Authors: Schöler David , Schnabl Bernd 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of review
The intestinal microbiome and the gut-liver axis play a major role in health and disease. The human gut harbors trillions of microbes and a disruption of the gut homeostasis can contribute to liver disease. In this review, the progress in the field within the last 3 years is summarized, focusing on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), autoimmune liver disease (AILD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Recent findings
Changes in the fecal virome and fungal mycobiome have been described in patients with various liver diseases. Several microbial derived metabolites including endogenous ethanol produced by bacteria, have been mechanistically linked to liver disease such as MASLD. Virulence factors encoded by gut bacteria contribute to ALD, AILD and HCC. Novel therapeutic approaches focused on the microbiome including phages, pre- and postbiotics have been successfully used in preclinical models. Fecal microbiota transplantation has been effective in attenuating liver disease. Probiotics are safe in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis and improve liver disease and alcohol addiction.

Summary
The gut–liver axis plays a key role in the pathophysiology of liver diseases. Understanding the microbiota in liver disease can help to develop precise microbiota centered therapies.
Empowering Dementia Caregivers
Authors: Ko Eunjung , Rose Karen M. , Wright Kathy D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose/Objectives
We aim to explore Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes for caregiving training services and their potential impacts on caregivers of people living with dementia.

Description of the Project/Program
In response to the growing need for support for caregivers of people living with physical and mental health issues, CPT codes for caregiving training services will be activated for the calendar year 2024. These codes cover (1) family group behavior management and modification training services and (2) caregiver training for techniques to help patients maintain their quality of life. Caregivers will access such training support through the CPT codes provided by treating practitioners. The duration of training will vary by code.

Outcome
Implementing CPT codes for caregiver training services highlights the vital role of caregivers in patient care. This support may improve their skills and communication with healthcare providers. However, timing and accessibility in care delivery need clarification, especially for caregivers of people living with dementia. Regular skill assessment and culturally competent care are essential. Before providing the service, provider training may also promote person-centered care, benefiting patients and their caregivers.

Conclusion
Activating CPT codes for caregiving training services may enhance caregivers' support and skills, including dementia care.
Roadmap for Connecting Cancer Rehabilitation With Survivorship to Improve Patient Outcomes and Clinical Efficiency
Authors: Alfano Catherine M. , Pugh Terrence M. , Tortorella Brooke , Jacob Regina A. , Mitchell Charles H. , Raj Vishwa S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn evolved model of comprehensive cancer care is needed that begins at cancer diagnosis to proactively manage cancer treatment toxicities and optimize patient health, function, and well-being. Building new care models requires connecting oncology, primary care, and specialized clinicians from many disciplines including cancer rehabilitation. Having a vision for an evolved standard of comprehensive cancer care is a requirement, but it is not enough to bring an innovative clinical program to life and sustain it over the long term. To inform the development of new clinical programs, two example programs are presented that successfully integrate cancer rehabilitation services along with details of a three-step process these programs used to facilitate their success and build robust business models that ensure their sustainability. Following the roadmap for growth presented here, gaining input from stakeholders and ensuring their buy-in, leveraging existing programmatic priorities, as well as developing a strategic growth plan can help clinical innovators ensure that new programs anticipate and continually meet the needs of oncology, primary care, subspecialty care, and programs, while addressing the business needs of administrators and improving the experience for patients.
Proposing a Cancer Rehabilitation Medicine Curriculum for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Trainees
Authors: Custodio Christian M. , Stein Adam B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the rapid growth and rising interest in the subspecialty of cancer rehabilitation medicine, establishing a structured training and educational curriculum in cancer rehabilitation medicine has become more crucial than ever. For those who are responsible for the educational experiences of students, residents, fellows, or other healthcare professionals, this article provides a systematic approach for establishing a curriculum template relevant for cancer rehabilitation medicine training. This included the assessment of general and targeted needs for learners and educators, rotation goals and objectives, educational strategies, implementation, and evaluation and feedback.
Development of a Cancer Rehabilitation Dashboard to Collect Data on Physical Function in Cancer Patients and Survivors
Authors: Cristian Adrian , Rubens Muni , Orada Romer , DeVries Kristen , Syrkin Grigory , DePiero Mallori T. , Estenoz Michele , Kothakapu Sharat , McGranaghan Peter , Lindeman Paul R. 
Published: February 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to describe the development of a cancer rehabilitation dashboard that collects data on physical function for cancer survivors in a cancer institute.

Methods
This project was conducted at the Miami Cancer Institute. The cancer rehabilitation dashboard was developed by a team of physicians, biostatistician, and medical informatics teams to record, report and track the physical function of cancer survivors. A multimodal approach to the measurement of physical function was used and included the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System–Physical Function short form, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System–Fatigue short form, Timed Up and Go Test, Sit-to-Stand Test in 30-sec test, four-stage balance test, and grip strength. To develop this system, a Cerner Power Form was developed based on the physical function data. To display the data, a dedicated flowsheet was developed and placed within the Oncology Viewpoint in Cerner Millennium. Thus, from inside any patient record, the flowsheet could easily be accessed by providers without leaving normal clinician workflows. Using native functionality, the data can also be shown in graphical format to facilitate dialog with patients and oncology teams. All patient data from the Cerner Power Form discrete task assays were integrated into an existing Oncology Data Warehouse for all patients. The data elements in the Cerner Power Form were identified in the electronic medical record system, loaded into the Oncology Data Warehouse, and related to the other source systems to develop reports and data visualizations such as the cancer rehabilitation dashboard. The cancer rehabilitation dashboard allows visualization of numerous parameters of physical function in cancer survivors evaluated and treated and their change over time. Rendered in Tableau, the cancer rehabilitation dashboard acts as a centralized, interactive data source to analyze and connect clinicians to near real-time data.

Results
The cancer rehabilitation dashboard was successfully developed and implemented into a cancer rehabilitation practice in a cancer institute and used to collect and track physical function data for cancer survivors receiving treatment and cancer survivors. This information has been used to direct the treatment plan and educate individual patients about the impact of the cancer and its treatment on physical function as well as oncology teams in a cancer institute.

Conclusions
The cancer rehabilitation dashboard provides an insight into the physical function of cancer survivors receiving treatment and cancer survivors using both self-reported and objective metrics. It can be customized to suit the interests of clinicians and researchers wishing to improve the quality of life of this population.
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Dotan Idit , Rudman Yaron , Turjeman Adi , Akirov Amit , Steinmetz Tali , Calvarysky Bronya , Diker Cohen Talia 
Published: February 2024

Background.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) reduce cardiovascular events and mortality in type 2 diabetes. Limited data are available on diabetes treatment after solid organ transplantation. We aimed to explore the effect of GLP1-RAs on cardiovascular outcomes in transplanted recipients with diabetes.

Methods.
We extracted data on adult transplant recipients (kidney, lungs, liver, heart) insured in a large health maintenance organization. Death-censored patients with diabetes treated with GLP1-RAs were matched with nonusers. The primary outcome was a composite of major cardiovascular events (MACEs): a nonfatal cardiac event (myocardial infarction, stable/unstable angina, coronary bypass, and coronary angiography), ischemic stroke and all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were MACE or peripheral vascular disease (MACE-PVD), and all-cause mortality. Safety outcomes included biliopancreatic adverse events.

Results.
We included 318 patients (69% males, average age 58.3 ± 11.0 y) with a 3.1-y median follow-up. The incidence of MACE was 101 of 1000 patient-years in GLP1-RAs users compared with 134 of 1000 in controls (hazard ratio [HR] 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-0.78). GLP1-RAs similarly reduced the risk of MACE-PVD (HR 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33-0.88) and the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18-0.84). Biliopancreatic adverse events occurred less in GLP1-RA users.

Conclusions.
Transplant recipients with diabetes who used GLP1-RAs had lower risks for MACE and all-cause mortality. These results may profoundly implicate the daily management of posttransplant recipients with diabetes, a population with a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular death. Transplant patients are usually excluded from randomized controlled trials and, hence might be undertreated with disease-modifying drugs. Larger prospective studies are needed in this unique population.
Comparative evaluation of the detection rate, workflow and associated costs of a multiplex PCR panel versus conventional methods in diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis
Authors: Ambrosius-Eichner J. , Hogardt M. , Berger A. , Dultz G. , Idris R. , Kempf V.A.J. , Wichelhaus T.A. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Infectious gastroenteritis is a common reason for consulting a physician. Although most cases of gastrointestinal illness are self-limiting, the identification of the etiologic pathogen by stool specimen analysis is important in cases of more severe illness and for epidemiological reasons.
Due to the broad range of causative pathogens, the conventional examination of a stool specimen is labour-intensive and usually requires different diagnostic methods. Multiplex PCR tests [e.g. BioFire Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel] allow the rapid detecting of up to 22 pathogens in one test.

Hypothesis. Using a multiplex PCR panel to test stool specimens for infectious gastroenteritis pathogens can improve the detection rate, reduce the time-to-result and hands-on time and lower the costs of a microbiology laboratory.

Aim. This study was aimed at evaluating the detection rate, the workflow and associated costs of stool specimen management using the BioFire GI Panel versus conventional methods.

Methodology. Stool specimens were evaluated prospectively during the routine operation. Pathogen detection rate, hands-on time, time-to-result and material and personnel costs were determined for the BioFire GI Panel and conventional methods—the latter based on physician request and excluding viral testing.

Results. Analysing 333 specimens collected between 2019 and 2020, the detection rate of enteropathogens was significantly higher with a positivity rate of 39.9 % using the multiplex PCR panel compared with 15.0 % using the conventional methods. The BioFire GI Panel presented results in a median time of 2.2 h compared with 77.5 h for culture and 22.1 h for antigen testing, noting that no tests were performed at weekends except for toxinogenic Clostridioides difficile. Based on list prices, the BioFire GI Panel was nine times more expensive compared with conventional methods, whereas hands-on-time was significantly lower using the BioFire GI Panel.

Conclusion. Multiplex PCR panels are valuable tools for laboratory identification of infectious agents causing diarrhoea. The higher costs of such a multiplex PCR panel might be outweighed by the higher detection rate, ease of handling, rapid results and most likely improved patient management. However, these panels do not provide information on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Therefore, if this is necessary for targeted therapy or if outbreak monitoring and control is required, specimens must still be cultured.
A Spatial Prioritization of Conifer Management to Defend and Grow Sagebrush Cores
Authors: Reinhardt Jason R. , Maestas Jeremy D. , Naugle David E. , Bedrosian Geoffrey , Doherty Kevin E. , Kumar Alexander V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSagebrush ecosystems across the western U.S. are in decline due to numerous threats, including expansion of coniferous woodlands and forests. The interagency Sagebrush Conservation Design effort recently quantified sagebrush ecological integrity (SEI) to map remaining core sagebrush areas (relatively intact and functional sagebrush ecosystems) and understand spatial and temporal patterns of change relative to primary threats. This work identified conifer expansion as the second leading cause of decline in sagebrush ecological integrity biome wide. Here, we sought to create a spatial prioritization of conifer management that maximizes return-on-investment to defend and grow core sagebrush areas. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used to incorporate a series of biome-level inputs including SEI, invasive annual grass cover and risk, structural connectivity, and conifer cover and expansion vulnerability into a single prioritization based on collaborative expert input. Our analysis identifies priority areas for conifer management across the sagebrush biome, simulates conifer treatments based on those priorities, and estimates potential changes in SEI as a result of targeted treatment. At a broad scale, we found that the highest priority areas for conifer management were largely located east of the Rocky Mountains. This represents a departure from recent landscape-level trends conifer management efforts in sagebrush systems, which were focused primarily pinyon-juniper expansion in the Great Basin. A majority (52%) of the highest priority areas are managed by the Bureau of Land Management, followed by a large proportion (26%) of priority areas located on privately-owned land – particularly in Wyoming and Montana. Targeting simulated conifer treatments using our prioritization resulted in higher within-core targeting percentages (≥93%) than business-as-usual efforts (23.8%), which would result in a four- to eight-fold reduction in the time to treat priority areas within cores. Finally, we demonstrate that these simulated treatments, targeted with our prioritization, have the capacity to improve SEI in and around treatment areas. This work provides an actionable path to “Defend the Core” as outlined by the Sagebrush Conservation Design effort by helping conservationists more efficiently address conifer expansion in and around core sagebrush areas.
Multiomics uncovers the epigenomic and transcriptomic response to viral and bacterial stimulation in turbot
Authors: Aramburu Oscar , Gómez-Pardo Belén , Rodríguez-Villamayor Paula , Blanco-Hortas Andrés , Lamas Jesús , Dewari Pooran , Perojil-Morata Diego , Boudinot Pierre , Macqueen Daniel J. , Bouza Carmen , Martínez Paulino 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUncovering the epigenomic regulation of immune responses is essential for a comprehensive understanding of host defence mechanisms, though remains poorly investigated in farmed fish. We report the first annotation of the innate immune regulatory response in the turbot genome (Scophthalmus maximus), integrating RNA-Seq with ATAC-Seq and ChIP-Seq (H3K4me3, H3K27ac and H3K27me3) data from head kidney (in vivo) and primary leukocyte cultures (in vitro) 24 hours post-stimulation with viral (poly I:C) and bacterial (inactiveVibrio anguillarum) mimics. Among the 8,797 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we observed enrichment of transcriptional activation pathways in response to Vibrio and immune pathways - including interferon stimulated genes - for poly I:C. We identified notable differences in chromatin accessibility (20,617 in vitro, 59,892 in vivo) and H3K4me3-bound regions (11,454 in vitro, 10,275 in vivo) between stimulations and controls. Overlap of DEGs with promoters showing differential accessibility or histone mark binding revealed significant coupling of the transcriptome and chromatin state. DEGs with activation marks in their promoters were enriched for similar functions to the global DEG set, but not always, suggesting key regulatory genes being in poised state. Active promoters and putative enhancers were enriched in specific transcription factor binding motifs, many common to viral and bacterial responses. Finally, an in-depth analysis of immune response changes in chromatin state surrounding key DEGs encoding transcription factors was performed. This multi-omics investigation provides an improved understanding of the epigenomic basis for the turbot immune responses and provides novel functional genomic information, leverageable for disease resistance selective breeding.