bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive impairment and limited health literacy are associated with poor health outcomes among patients with heart failure residing in rural areas
Authors: Wu Jia‐Rong , Lin Chin‐Yen , Kang JungHee , Moser Debra K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment and limited health literacy are prevalent among patients with heart failure, particularly those residing in rural areas, and are linked to poor health outcomes. Little is known about the intricate relationships among cognitive function, health literacy, and rehospitalization and death in rural patients with heart failure.ObjectivesTo determine the relationships among cognitive function, health literacy, and cardiac event‐free survival (ie, heart failure hospitalizations and cardiac mortality) in rural patients with heart failure.MethodsThis was a secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial of 573 rural patients with heart failure. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini‐Cog test. Health literacy was measured by the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults. Cardiac event‐free survival was followed for 2 years. Survival analyses (ie, Kaplan‐Meier plots with log‐rank test and Cox regression) were used.ResultsCognitive impairment was associated with limited health literacy. Cognitive impairment and limited health literacy predicted worse cardiac event‐free survival (P<.05). Patients with both cognitive impairment and limited health literacy had a 2.24 times higher risk of experiencing a cardiac event compared to those without cognitive impairment and with adequate health literacy (P<.001).ConclusionsPatients with cognitive impairment and limited health literacy were at the highest risk of experiencing a cardiac event. It is important to screen rural patients with heart failure for cognitive impairment and limited health literacy. Interventions to improve outcomes need to be developed to target rural patients who have heart failure with cognitive impairment and limited health literacy.
Characterization and comparison of fecal microbiota in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction and age‐matched controls
Authors: Wang Wenqing , Gibson Justine , Horsman Sara , Mikkelsen Deirdre , Bertin François‐René 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAltered gut microbiota has been associated with dopaminergic degenerative diseases in people, but studies on horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) are lacking.Hypothesis/ObjectivesInvestigate the effect of PPID on fecal microbiota in horses.AnimalsNine horses with PPID and 13 age‐matched control horses.MethodsProspective control study. Fecal samples were collected bimonthly. Microbial analysis used 16S rRNA sequencing to determine the relative abundance at genus and phylum levels, assess alpha and beta diversity and identify core microbiota.ResultsHorses with PPID had decreased relative abundances of Christensenellaceae R‐7 group (median; 95% confidence interval [CI]: PPID, 2.04; 1.82‐2.35 vs control, 2.54; 2.37‐2.76; P = .02) and NK4A214 group (PPID, 2.21; 2.02‐2.56 vs control, 2.62; 2.44‐2.85; P = .05), and significant lower abundances of Romboutsia (log2FoldChange = −3.54; P = .04) and Peptococcaceae uncultured (log2FoldChange = −0.89; P = .04) by differential abundance analysis. However, the abundance of Fibrobacter (log2FoldChange = 0.74; P = .04) was significantly higher in the PPID group. A significant effect of PPID on beta diversity was observed (P = .004), whereas alpha diversity varied with months (P = .001). Seven unique genera were identified in horses with PPID and 12 in control horses.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe fecal microbial composition is altered in horses with PPID. These findings support the potential role of the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis in the pathogenesis of PPID.
Oxidative stress in critically ill neonatal foals
Authors: Wong David , Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Faivre Cosette , Kopper Jamie , Dersh Katie , Beachler Theresa , Esser Melissa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundOxidative injury occurs in septic people, but the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants has rarely been evaluated in foals.Objectives/HypothesisTo measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarkers of oxidative injury, and antioxidants in neonatal foals. We hypothesized that ill foals would have higher blood concentrations of ROS and biomarkers of oxidative injury and lower concentrations of antioxidants compared to healthy foals.AnimalsSeventy‐two hospitalized and 21 healthy neonatal foals.MethodsProspective cohort study. Reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]), biomarkers of oxidative injury (malondialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl), and antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione, and glutathione reductase [GR] and peroxidase [GPx]) were measured from foals at admission. Measured variables were compared between healthy and ill foals using a 1‐way ANOVA by Tukey's multiple comparisons test.ResultsIll foals (n = 51) had significantly higher mean concentrations of H2O2 (healthy 2.6 ± 1.4 nmol/mL, ill 6.8 ± 4.6 L nmol/mL; 95% CI), MDA (healthy 31.2 ± 14.4 nmol/mL, ill 114.3 ± 94.0 nmol/mL; 95% CI), and protein carbonyl (healthy 0.07 ± 0.01 nmol/mg protein, ill 0.12 ± 0.02 nmol/mg protein, 95% CI). Significant lower CAT (healthy 0.4 ± 0.3 mU/mg protein, ill 0.02 ± 0.02 mU/mg protein, 95% CI), glutathione (healthy 238.5 ± 101.9 μg/mL, ill 110.7 ± 37.8 μg/mL, 95% CI; P < .0001), GR (healthy 1.6 ± 1.8 mU/mg protein, ill 0.4 ± 0.5 mU/mg protein, 95% CI), and GPx (healthy 0.01 ± 0.003 mU/mg protein, ill 0.007 ± 0.002 mU/mg protein, 95% CI) were also noted.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOxidative stress and lower antioxidant concentrations occur in ill and bacteremic neonatal foals. These variables should be considered during the treatment of ill foals.
Phase 2 Randomised Study of Bulevirtide as Monotherapy or Combined With Peg‐IFNα‐2a as Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis Delta
Authors: Lampertico Pietro , Bogomolov Pavel O. , Chulanov Vladimir , Stepanova Tatiana , Morozov Viacheslav , Allweiss Lena , Dandri Maura , Burhenne Jürgen , Blank Antje , Ciesek Sandra , Elsner Carina , Dittmer Ulf , An Qi , Manuilov Dmitry , Da Ben L. , Flaherty John F. , Urban Stephan , Wedemeyer Heiner 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimBulevirtide (BLV) leads to beneficial virologic and biochemical responses when given alone to treat hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, which causes the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis. We evaluated 48 weeks of BLV monotherapy, BLV + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and BLV + pegylated interferon alfa‐2a (Peg‐IFNα‐2a), with 24‐week follow‐up.MethodsNinety patients were enrolled into six arms of 15 each (A–F); 60 patients were included in the main randomisation (arms A–D), and 30 patients (arms E–F) were randomised to the extension phase: (A) Peg‐IFNα‐2a 180 μg once weekly (QW); (B) BLV 2 mg once daily (QD) + Peg‐IFNα‐2a 180 μg QW; (C) BLV 5 mg QD + Peg‐IFNα‐2a 180 μg QW; (D) BLV 2 mg QD; (E) BLV 10 mg QD + Peg‐IFNα‐2a 180 μg QW and (F) BLV 10 mg (5 mg twice daily) + TDF QD. The primary endpoint was undetectable HDV RNA at week (W)72.ResultsAt W72, 53%, 27%, 7%, 7% and 33% of patients achieved undetectable HDV RNA in arms B, C, D, E and F, respectively, versus 0% in arm A. More arm B versus A patients had a > 1 log10 IU/mL decline in or loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at W72 (p = 0.017), including four patients with loss of HBsAg. Bile acid elevations were dose‐dependent and reversible following the completion of BLV treatment.ConclusionsBLV combined with Peg‐IFNα‐2a was well tolerated and resulted in high rates of HDV RNA undetectability off‐treatment.Trial RegistrationNCT02888106
Case Series of Anesthetic Management of Gene Therapy in Children With Aromatic L‐Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency
Authors: Clariot Simon , Gras Séverine , Goetz Laurent , Boulloud Christophe , Bonheur Julie , Vayssiere Pia , D'Hardemare Vincent , Ravelli Claudia , Dorison Nathalie , Devys Jean‐Michel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAromatic L‐amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare life‐threatening inborn error of neurotransmitter biosynthesis. It is characterized by deficient biosynthesis of neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, leading to catecholamines deficiency and sympathetic deprivation, while the parasympathetic system remains functional. Since 2012, gene therapy has led to clinical improvements in symptoms and motor function with a severe phenotype. General anesthesia of children with AADC deficiency is challenging.AimDescribe prolonged anesthesia management of children with aromatic L‐amino acid decarboxylase deficiency undergoing stereotactically guided gene therapy.MethodsProspective reporting of epidemiologic and anesthetics data of four children consecutively undergoing magnetic resonance‐guided direct delivery of an AADC vector for gene therapy under general anesthesia.ResultsGeneral anesthesia was initiated with sevoflurane and ketamine and rocuronium was the neuromuscular blocking agent of choice throughout the procedures. Intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring included an arterial line. All children required low doses of diluted norepinephrine during the intraoperative period. No dysautomic episodes as well as no episode of severe hypotension and no severe hypoglycemia were reported throughout the procedures. Vasopressor support was discontinued for all children at the end of the procedures. Moreover, no peroperative and postoperative effects secondary to AADC vector injection were noted.ConclusionUsing an anesthetic plan based on atropine, ketamine, sevoflurane, and a titrated infusion of norepinephrine, prolonged anesthesia appeared to be safe and reproductible in this population.
Barriers to Interaction With New Weak Ties: Are Self‐Presentation Concerns and Forecasts of Benefits Miscalibrated?
Authors: Sprecher Susan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPeople's well‐being can be enhanced from interactions with strangers and weak ties, but people often do not seek such interactions because of perceived barriers. With data combined from several laboratory studies that involved pairs of strangers who engaged in a getting‐acquainted task, participants' pre‐interaction forecasts of the enjoyment and liking (i.e., rewards) that they would experience in the interaction and their self‐report of presentation concerns (a cost) were compared to their post‐interaction reports of actual enjoyment, liking, and self‐presentation concerns experienced in the interaction. Findings indicated that the dyad members expressed moderate self‐presentation concerns (i.e., worry about the impression they would make) prior to the interaction. They also expected that they would only moderately enjoy the interaction and moderately like the other. These estimates, however, were miscalibrated. The participants experienced lower self‐presentation concerns in the interaction than they had expected and enjoyed the interaction and liked their conversation partner more than they had expected. Variation was found in the forecasts and in the gap between pre‐interaction expectations and actual experiences as a function of shyness (and social anxiety). Implications of the findings are discussed for enhancing people's weak‐tie interactions.
How Advocacy Messages Influence Support for “Ban the Box” in College Admissions
Authors: Bolsen Toby , Thornton Judd , Lindsay Peter , Barrios Michelle , Henrey Shaeleigh , Rocha Liyaah , Williams Myla 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis paper examines public attitudes toward the “Ban the Box” policy in college admissions in Georgia. It investigates how exposure to framed messages affects support for or opposition to the policy, focusing on its potential impact on campus safety and overall effects.MethodsThe data are from independent survey experiments conducted on two samples: undergraduate students at a USG institution (n = 587) and adult residents in Georgia (n = 500). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: control, support banning the box message, oppose banning the box message, or mixed/competitive frame message.ResultsParticipants exposed to supportive messages showed increased support, while those exposed to opposing messages showed decreased support. Competitive framing had mixed effects, with no significant difference from the control group in the adult sample. Overall, positive advocacy frames counteracted the negative impact of oppositional messages.ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of framing in shaping public opinion on banning the box policies in college admissions. Both supportive and oppositional frames effectively sway attitudes, indicating the complexity of public perception on this issue. Further research is needed to explore the persistence of framing effects and their implications in policy debates.
Prognostic Implications of Decorin, E‐Cadherin and EGFR Expression in Inflammatory and Non‐Inflammatory Canine Mammary Carcinomas
Authors: Gouveia Bethânia Almeida , Ramos Fernanda Ramalho , Silva Ingrid Kester Lima , Oliveira Thalita Evani Silva de , Vasconcelos Rosemeri de Oliveira , Xavier José Guilherme , Strefezzi Ricardo Francisco 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInflammatory mammary carcinoma (IMC) is the most aggressive variant of invasive mammary tumours in dogs and in women. Decorin is an extracellular matrix molecule whose expression can be reduced or absent in various human cancers, which is associated with a poor prognosis. E‐cadherin is a cell adhesion protein whose expression is reduced in several neoplasms. However, it is overexpressed in inflammatory breast cancers of women. EGFR is also associated with cancer development and is commonly overexpressed in aggressive neoplasms. This study aimed to characterise the expressions of Decorin, E‐cadherin, and EGFR in canine inflammatory and non‐inflammatory mammary carcinomas (IMC and non‐IMC) and to evaluate their expression levels as prognostic indicators for survival and occurrence of metastases. Thirty‐three IMC and 43 non‐IMC cases were analysed retrospectively and submitted to immunohistochemical analysis. The reactions were quantified in five high‐power field images from areas of the highest intensity and frequency of immunostaining (hot spots). We found significantly lower expression of Decorin and higher of E‐cadherin and EGFR in canine IMCs. Patients with tumours that exhibited Decorin expression in less than 26.35% of epithelial cells had shorter survival (p = 0.0410) and a higher occurrence of distant metastases (p = 0.0115). E‐cadherin is overexpressed in canine IMCs (p < 0.0001), similar to what occurs in women, reinforcing that dogs can be used as a study model for human IMC. EGFR overexpression in canine IMCs (p = 0.0322) provides evidence for potential targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Invisible Monitoring for Athlete Health and Performance: A Call for a Better Conceptualization and Practical Recommendations
Authors: Leduc Cedric , Weaving Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Background: Practices to routinely monitor athletes are rapidly changing. With the concurrent exponential rise in wearable technologies and advanced data analysis, tracking training exposures and responses is widespread and more frequent in the athlete–coach decision-making process. Within this scenario, the concept of invisible monitoring emerged, which was initially vaguely defined as testing athletes without testing them. Despite sound practical applications and benefits (eg, reduced burden on player staff and more frequent measurement), a clear lack of constitutive definition has led to multiple cleavages in both research and practice, including ethical concerns. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to (1) extend the current conceptualization of invisible monitoring by considering subdimensions of the concept and (2) its data-related and ethical challenges and (3) provide practical considerations to implement invisible monitoring. Monitoring burden (degree of obtrusion and frequency of measurement) and the number of constructs a single measurement tool can assess have been proposed as subdimensions of the concept of invisible monitoring. Challenges include the governance and analysis of data required to make estimates, validity and reliability of an invisible monitoring measure, and communication to athletes. Conclusions: This commentary presents a first attempt to conceptualize invisible monitoring in the context of elite sport and provide subdimensions of the concept that can be used to classify choices of measurement tools. A consensus is required from both researchers and practitioners regarding its definition and operationalization to optimize current monitoring services to elite athletes.
A Socialization-Informed Framework for Integrating Social and Emotional Learning in Physical Education Teacher Education
Authors: Smith Suchon Nicolette , Richards Kevin Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Physical education has begun embracing the role of social and emotional learning (SEL), but less attention has been paid to the development of such skills among preservice teachers. A lack of social and emotional skills can have negative effects on preservice teachers’ ability to effectively teach SEL and to navigate the sociopolitical and sociocultural realities of schools. SEL encompasses a wide variety of tools and strategies to help students understand their emotions and develop interpersonal skills, resilience, and social skills. Using occupational socialization theory and Bloom’s taxonomy to scaffold learning experiences, we provide a practical framework for integrating SEL into physical education teacher education. If we equip preservice teachers to understand and manage their emotions, they will be better positioned to address the needs of students while addressing their own mental health. They may also see SEL as a more important component of physical education.
Genomic analyses reveal high diversity and rapid evolution of
Pichia kudriavzevii
within a neonatal intensive care unit in Delhi, India
Authors: Jain Kusum , Wang Yue , Jain Peeyush , Kalita Barsha , Shivarathri Raju , Chauhan Manju , Kaur Hardeep , Chauhan Neeraj , Xu Jianping , Chowdhary Anuradha 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Pichia kudriavzevii
causes life-threatening infections in immunocompromised hosts, including hospitalized neonates. This pathogen is intrinsically resistant to fluconazole, while uncommon
P. kudriavzevii
strains resistant to multiple antifungal drugs, including voriconazole, amphotericin B, and echinocandins, have also been reported from healthcare environments. Thus, understanding how
P. kudriavzevii
spread, persist, and adapt to healthcare settings could help us develop better infection management strategies. In this study, whole genome sequencing identifies multiple outbreaks of bloodstream infections in a single neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) over 5 years caused by genetically diverse strains of
P. kudriavzevii
. Interestingly, two genetically distinct clusters of
P. kudriavzevii
strains showed frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) events between two temporal samples. The first outbreak cluster (2015–2016) showed LOH at chromosomes 1, 4, and 5, and the other outbreak cluster (2020) exhibited LOH at chromosome 2. The circulation of two separate strain clusters of
P. kudriavzevii
suggests nosocomial transmission in the NICU in different time periods. Furthermore, we compared the transcriptomic profiles of three isolates of clusters I and II that exhibited distinct fluconazole and itraconazole MICs. While no significant difference in gene expression was found at the azole-target gene
ERG11
or the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes, such differences were found in genes involved in cell division and filamentation, such as
SIR2
(sirtuin deacetylase) and
RFA1
(replication factor A). Interestingly, increased filamentation was observed in clade I isolate exhibiting high fluconazole MICs. Together, our study indicates significant diversity, persistence, and rapid evolution of
P. kudriavzevii
within a single NICU.
Distinct effects of glucocorticoid on pseudorabies virus infection in neuron-like and epithelial cells
Authors: Lian Zhengmin , Zhao Yuan , Wen Wei , Zhu Zhenbang , Wang Wenqiang , Zhang Zhendong , Liu Panrao , Favoreel Herman W. , Li Xiangdong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a porcine neurotropic alphaherpesvirus that infects peripheral tissues of its host, spreads into the nervous system, and establishes a life-long latency in neuronal cells. During productive infection, PRV replicates rapidly and causes pseudorabies or Aujeszky’s disease. Reactivation from latent infection in the nervous system may lead to anterograde axonal transport of progeny virions, leading to recurrent infection of the epithelial layer and virus spread. Dexamethasone (DEX), a member of the glucocorticoid family that is widely used in clinical treatment as a high-efficiency glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist, is known to trigger reactivation of alphaherpesviruses like PRV and the closely related bovine alphaherpesvirus 1. In the current study, two cell type-dependent distinct regulatory mechanisms of glucocorticoid during PRV infection are described. In neuron-like cells, DEX upregulates expression of PRV IE180 and promotes viral productive infection. In addition, we found that GR activates the IE180 promoter by binding multiple GR response elements. The amino acids A465, P631, and I634 in GR were found to be critical for IE180 promoter activation. The impact of DEX on PRV productive infection in epithelial cells was also investigated. Interestingly, DEX was found to downregulate IE180 expression and suppress PRV infection in epithelial cells. Mechanistically, in epithelial cells, activation of the IE180 promoter by the VP16/Oct-1 (octamer-binding transcription factor 1) complex was suppressed by DEX-mediated degradation of Oct-1 in epithelial cells. In summary, our work reveals two distinct, cell type-dependent biological functions of glucocorticoid during PRV infection in neuron-like and epithelial cells, respectively.

IMPORTANCE
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) can infect mucosal epithelium and the peripheral nervous system of its host, resulting in acute infection in epithelial cells and neuronal cells. In this study, we describe that glucocorticoid promotes PRV replication in neuron-like cells while it suppresses productive infection in epithelial cells through distinct regulations of the viral transactivator IE180, thereby revealing a cell type-dependent regulatory mechanism of glucocorticoid on PRV infection. Therefore, our findings provide a new perspective on the role of glucocorticoids during PRV infection.