bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Education Prototyping: a Methodological Device for Technical Democracy
Authors: Swist Teresa , Gulson Kalervo N. , Thompson Greg 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe potential of applying a ‘technical democracy’ (Callon et al. 2009) to the context of sociotechnical controversies in education is the focus of this paper. This process reflects an emergent 'thought collective' (Fleck 1979) whose common interests, yet diverse expertise, are articulated through provisional objects and infrastructure for collective and experimental knowledge production. The technique of ‘prototyping’ was then deployed for a design experiment to: first, slow down, or suspend, existing power relations of co-evolving technologies and methodologies and, second, to accelerate, or expand, new possibilities and configurations for democratisation.Education prototypingis then introduced, with the intent to co-produce pluralistic spaces that expose challenges and test possibilities. Key aspects include the following: (i) prototyping dynamics: problematization and prefiguration; and, (ii) prototyping practices: spanning the temporal, methodological, relational, material, and spatial. These aspects were tested in the context of a research project exploring automated essay scoring in Australian schools. While always situated and partial, we argue that prototyping offers a unique device to interrupt and experiment with the politics of collaboratively researching increasingly networked and commercialised technologies across education and society.
Hybrid Sine Cosine Algorithm with Integrated Roulette Wheel Selection and Opposition-Based Learning for Engineering Optimization Problems
Authors: Pham Vu Hong Son , Nguyen Dang Nghiep Trinh , Nguyen Van Nam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sine cosine algorithm (SCA) is widely recognized for its efficacy in solving optimization problems, although it encounters challenges in striking a balance between exploration and exploitation. To improve these limitations, a novel model, termed the novel sine cosine algorithm (nSCA), is introduced. In this advanced model, the roulette wheel selection (RWS) mechanism and opposition-based learning (OBL) techniques are integrated to augment its global optimization capabilities. A meticulous evaluation of nSCA performance has been carried out in comparison with state-of-the-art optimization algorithms, including multi-verse optimizer (MVO), salp swarm algorithm (SSA), moth-flame optimization (MFO), grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA), in addition to the original SCA. This comparative analysis was conducted across a wide array of 23 classical test functions and 29 CEC2017 benchmark functions, thereby facilitating a comprehensive assessment. Further validation of nSCA utility has been achieved through its deployment in five distinct engineering optimization case studies. Its effectiveness and relevance in addressing real-world optimization issues have thus been emphasized. Across all conducted tests and practical applications, nSCA was found to outperform its competitors consistently, furnishing more effective solutions to both theoretical and applied optimization problems.
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella Isolated from Human, Animal and Environment Samples in South Asia: A 10-Year Meta-analysis
Authors: Talukder Himel , Roky Shamsul Alam , Debnath Konad , Sharma Binayok , Ahmed Juned , Roy Sawrab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSalmonella is a foodborne zoonotic bacterium, and the antimicrobial-resistant strains of Salmonella are a worldwide health concern. Herein, we employed a meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence of Salmonella and its antimicrobial resistance status in human, animal, and environmental isolates in South Asia. To this end, we followed the standard guideline of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements for searching literature in three databases namely PubMed, Google Scholar, and CAB abstracts, and a total of 100 eligible datasets were finally included which were published from January 2010 to June 2021. In the pooled prevalence of Salmonella in South Asia, the random model effect was 14.47% (95% CI: 10.17–20.19) with a high degree of heterogeneity (I2, 99.8%) and overall antimicrobial resistance was 70% (95% CI: 63.0–76.0) with a heterogeneity of 23.6%. The temporal distribution of the overall antimicrobial resistance (%) against Salmonella was increased from 53 to 77% within 10 years. Out of 18 distinct Salmonella serotypes, S. enterica was highly prevalent (14.22%, 95% CI: 4.02–39.64) followed by S.pullorum (13.50%, 95% CI: 5.64–29.93) with antimicrobial resistance (%) were 86.26 and 90.06, respectively. Noteworthy, nalidixic acid (74.25%) and tetracycline (37.64%) were found mostly resistant to Salmonella whereas ceftriaxone (1.07%) and cefixime (1.24%) were sensitive. This systematic review demonstrated that overall antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella are increasing over time in South Asia. Thus, adequate hygienic practices, proper use of antimicrobials, and implementation of antibiotic stewardship are imperative for halting the Salmonella spread and its antimicrobial resistance.
“I felt I needed help, but I did not get any”: A multiple stakeholder qualitative study of risk and protective factors, and barriers to addressing common mental health problems among perinatal adolescents in Malawi
Authors: Mhango Wezi , Michelson Daniel , Gaysina Darya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Common mental health problems (particularly depression and anxiety) are common among adolescents during the perinatal period. Previous research has identified the distinctive needs of this group and called for contextually appropriate psychosocial interventions. The current study conducted in Malawi aimed to explore risk and protective factors for common mental health problems, and barriers to accessing mental health care, among perinatal adolescents, to develop a contextually relevant intervention for preventing and treating perinatal depression and anxiety. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in antenatal and postnatal clinics in Zomba district, Malawi in January–March 2022. In-depth individual interviews were completed with perinatal adolescents aged ≤19 (n = 14); their family members (n = 4); and healthcare workers (n = 8). Interview data were subjected to thematic framework analysis. Data were organised around two themes: “psychosocial risk and protective factors” (potential causes of common mental health problems among adolescents); and “health care services” (maternal and mental health services available, and adolescents’ experiences of using these services). Interventions need to go beyond targeting symptoms of depression and anxiety to addressing the wider contextual risk factors and barriers to care at the different socioecological levels.
Measuring seismic attenuation in polar firn: method and application to Korff Ice Rise, West Antarctica
Authors: Agnew Ronan S. , Clark Roger A. , Booth Adam D. , Brisbourne Alex M. , Smith Andrew M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present seismic measurements of the firn column at Korff Ice Rise, West Antarctica, including measurements of compressional-wave velocity and attenuation. We describe a modified spectral-ratio method of measuring the seismic quality factor (Q) based on analysis of diving waves, which, combined with a stochastic method of error propagation, enables us to characterise the attenuative structure of firn in greater detail than has previously been possible. Q increases from 56 ± 23 in the uppermost 12 m to 570 ± 450 between 55 and 77 m depth. We corroborate our method with consistent measurements obtained via primary reflection, multiple, source ghost, and critically refracted waves. Using the primary reflection and its ghost, we find Q = 53 ± 20 in the uppermost 20 m of firn. From the critical refraction, we find Q = 640 ± 400 at 90 m depth. Our method aids the understanding of the seismic structure of firn and benefits characterisation of deeper glaciological targets, providing an alternative means of correcting seismic reflection amplitudes in cases where conventional methods of Q correction may be impossible.
NOTES ON SACKS’ SPLITTING THEOREM
Authors: AMBOS-SPIES KLAUS , DOWNEY ROD G. , MONATH MARTIN , NG KENG MENG 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We explore the complexity of Sacks’ Splitting Theorem in terms of the mind change functions associated with the members of the splits. We prove that, for any c.e. set A, there are low computably enumerable sets

$A_0\sqcup A_1=A$

splitting A with

$A_0$

and

$A_1$

both totally

$\omega ^2$

-c.a. in terms of the Downey–Greenberg hierarchy, and this result cannot be improved to totally

$\omega $

-c.a. as shown in [9]. We also show that if cone avoidance is added then there is no level below

$\varepsilon _0$

which can be used to characterize the complexity of

$A_1$

and

$A_2$

.
MWA rapid follow-up of gravitational wave transients: Prospects for detecting prompt radio counterparts
Authors: Tian J. , Anderson G. E. , Cooper A. J. , Gourdji K. , Sokolowski M. , Rowlinson A. , Williams A. , Sleap G. , Dobie D. , Kaplan D. L. , Murphy Tara , Tingay S. J. , Panther F. H. , Lasky P. D. , Bahramian A. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , James C. W. , Meyers B. W. , McSweeney S. J. , Hancock P. J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe present and evaluate the prospects for detecting coherent radio counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) events using Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) triggered observations. The MWA rapid-response system, combined with its buffering mode ($\sim$4 min negative latency), enables us to catch any radio signals produced from seconds prior to hours after a binary neutron star (BNS) merger. The large field of view of the MWA ($\sim$$1\,000\,\textrm{deg}^2$at 120 MHz) and its location under the high sensitivity sky region of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) detector network, forecast a high chance of being on-target for a GW event. We consider three observing configurations for the MWA to follow up GW BNS merger events, including a single dipole per tile, the full array, and four sub-arrays. We then perform a population synthesis of BNS systems to predict the radio detectable fraction of GW events using these configurations. We find that the configuration with four sub-arrays is the best compromise between sky coverage and sensitivity as it is capable of placing meaningful constraints on the radio emission from 12.6% of GW BNS detections. Based on the timescales of four BNS merger coherent radio emission models, we propose an observing strategy that involves triggering the buffering mode to target coherent signals emitted prior to, during or shortly following the merger, which is then followed by continued recording for up to three hours to target later time post-merger emission. We expect MWA to trigger on$\sim$$5-22$BNS merger events during the LVK O4 observing run, which could potentially result in two detections of predicted coherent emission.
Widowhood status, morbidity, and mortality in India: evidence from a follow-up survey
Authors: Hossain Babul , James K. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA known health effect of widowhood is an increased mortality risk among surviving spouses, with gender- and age-specific observations. While morbidity conditions with socio-economic factors may exacerbate the effect of widowhood on mortality, no research has attempted to predict mortality among the widowed over the married population with the presence of morbidity in India. Thus, the present study concurrently examines marital status and health in the Indian setting, bringing substantial empirical evidence to explore the link between marital status, morbidity, and mortality. The study used prospective data from India Human Development Survey (IHDS) wave 1 (2004–2005) and wave 2 (2011–2012). In total, 82,607 individuals aged 25 years and above were considered for the analysis. To present the preliminary findings, descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used. Using multivariable logistic regression, the interaction effect of marital status and morbidity status was estimated to predict the likelihood of mortality. Across all socio-economic groups, widowed individuals reporting any morbidity had a higher mortality proportion than married people. Young widowers with any morbidity are more susceptible to increased mortality. Asthma among young widowers and cardiovascular diseases among elderly widowers significantly elevate the probability of mortality. However, older widowed women with diabetes had a lower probability of mortality than older married women with diabetes. The widowers’ disadvantage in mortality and morbidity may be attributable to less care-receiving and the greater incidence of unhealthy lifestyle practices during the post-widowhood period, indicating the need for more research.
Trauma-focused therapy in early psychosis: results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial of EMDR for psychosis (EMDRp) in early intervention settings
Authors: Varese Filippo , Sellwood William , Pulford Daniel , Awenat Yvonne , Bird Leanne , Bhutani Gita , Carter Lesley-Anne , Davies Linda , Aseem Saadia , Davis Claire , Hefferman-Clarke Rebecca , Hilton Claire , Horne Georgia , Keane David , Logie Robin , Malkin Debra , Potter Fiona , van den Berg David , Zia Shameem , Bentall Richard P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrauma is prevalent amongst early psychosis patients and associated with adverse outcomes. Past trials of trauma-focused therapy have focused on chronic patients with psychosis/schizophrenia and comorbid Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). We aimed to determine the feasibility of a large-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing for psychosis (EMDRp) intervention for early psychosis service users.MethodsA single-blind RCT comparing 16 sessions of EMDRp + TAU v. TAU only was conducted. Participants completed baseline, 6-month and 12-month post-randomization assessments. EMDRp and trial assessments were delivered both in-person and remotely due to COVID-19 restrictions. Feasibility outcomes were recruitment and retention, therapy attendance/engagement, adherence to EMDRp treatment protocol, and the ‘promise of efficacy’ of EMDRp on relevant clinical outcomes.ResultsSixty participants (100% of the recruitment target) received TAU or EMDR + TAU. 83% completed at least one follow-up assessment, with 74% at 6-month and 70% at 12-month. 74% of EMDRp + TAU participants received at least eight therapy sessions and 97% rated therapy sessions demonstrated good treatment fidelity. At 6-month, there were signals of promise of efficacy of EMDRp + TAU v. TAU for total psychotic symptoms (PANSS), subjective recovery from psychosis, PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and general health status. Signals of efficacy at 12-month were less pronounced but remained robust for PTSD symptoms and general health status.ConclusionsThe trial feasibility criteria were fully met, and EMDRp was associated with promising signals of efficacy on a range of valuable clinical outcomes. A larger-scale, multi-center trial of EMDRp is feasible and warranted.
The impact of botanical fermented foods on metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Chan Miin , Larsen Nadja , Baxter Helen , Jespersen Lene , Ekinci Elif I. , Howell Kate 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOur systematic review assessed the impact of botanical fermented food (BFF) consumption on glucose, lipid, anthropometric, inflammatory and gut microbiota parameters, in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS), MetS components or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL and Google Scholar were searched with no language limits, from inception to 31 August 2022, for eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Two independent reviewers screened 6873 abstracts and extracted relevant data. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s ROB2 tool. The final review included twenty-six RCTs, with thirty-one reports published between 2001 and 2022. Significant (p < 0·05) within-group and between-group changes in cardiometabolic outcome means were reported in twenty-three and nineteen studies, respectively. Gut microbiota composition was assessed in four studies, with two finding significant between-group differences. No significant difference between groups of any measured outcomes was observed in five studies. There were fourteen studies at low ROB; ten were of some concern; and two were at high ROB. In 73% of included studies, BFF consumption by participants with obesity, MetS or T2DM led to significant between-group improvements in discrete cardiometabolic outcomes, including fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, waist circumference, body fat percentage and C-reactive protein. BFF consumption increased the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium and LAB, whilst reducing potential pathogens such as Bacteroides. To determine the clinical significance of BFFs as therapeutic dietary adjuncts, their safety, tolerability and affordability must be balanced with the limited power and magnitude of these preliminary findings.
Some Applications of Gas Turbine to Helicopter Propulsion
Authors: Brown John 
Published: October 2023

The CHAIRMAN, in introducing the lecturer, said that they were fortunate in having an extremely topical lecture The subject of gas turbines and their application to helicopters was currently taking a great deal of attention from designers and industry, and the Association were happy to have it in the programme so early in the sessionMr BROWN had been educated at the City Boys Secondary Grammar School, Leicester, and was a State Scholar and a College Exhibitioner at Jesus College, Cambridge He had taken an Honours degree in the Mechamcal Sciences Tripos, and in 1944 joined Power Jets (Research and Development) Ltd, remaining when it became the National Gas Turbine Estabhshment He had been engaged as a research and development engineer on combustion processes and was now employed as a Senior Scientific Officer at the N G T E, being engaged on the examination of gas turbine projects and their thermodynamic performance
Helicopter Production
Authors: Boulger F J 
Published: October 2023

Introducing the lecturer, the Chairman said that like other learned societies they naturally had many papers on learned subjects, on the theory of this or that and the future of this or that It was a good thing from time to time for them all to realise that they were all engaged in building or using an actual vehicle which brought many problems with it It was only right and proper therefore, that from time to time they should come down to earth and face those problemsMr BOULGER, of the Westland Aircraft Company, would speak on the problems associated with helicopter production He had been apprenticed at the R A E, had gone to the drawing office at Westlands, and had thence graduated to the design office For a time he had been with Messrs Normalair, an associated company, and then had returned to the Westland side of the family, where he had become Chief Planning Engineer It was from his work as Chief Planning Engineer that his intimate knowledge of the production problems arose He was now Contracts Manager of the Company
Part II Piloting Aspects
Authors: Reid J W 
Published: October 2023

In a short time from now the civil licenced helicopter will be required to include among its capabilities the ability to operate in Instrument Flight conditions to lower limits than those currently laid down for fixed-wing aircraft operationsAt the moment I estimate that the problem is roughly half solved and, if there is a helicopter suitable for city centre operations by 1961, the aids and equipment under development should be able to give safe flight conditions in 150 feet ceilings and 150 yard visibilities
The Digital Computer as a Helicopter Flight Simulator
Authors: Harrison J M 
Published: October 2023

SummaryA method suitable for dealing with extended longitudinal manoeuvres is outlined, based on a step-by-step integration process It is shown how the necessary calculation is carried out on a digital computer, using a programme consisting of two parts A general part is applicable to any manoeuvre, and a special part idealises the pilot's action in performing the particular manoeuvre under consideration Using two illustrative examples, it is demonstrated how the method can be used to deal with problems which usually come under the heading of performance, but nevertheless involve handling qualities Some numerical results aid in the illustration
Some ways of obtaining an Integrated Aircraft
Authors: Kuchemann D 
Published: October 2023

The CHAIRMAN, in introducing the Author, said that Dr Kuchemann had been a member of the scientific staff at the R A E, Farnborough, since 1946, and was now head of the Supersonics Division of the Aerodynamics Department From 1930 to 1936 he studied at the Universities of Munich and Gottingen, where he obtained the degree of Dr rer nat, and from 1936 to 1946 he had worked in the Aerodynamics Research Establishment at Gottingen under Professor Betz He was, perhaps, best known on both sides of the Atlantic for his classic textbook with J Weber “Aerodynamics of Propulsion”The integration of the aerodynamics of a propulsive system with the aerodynamics of a lifting system as achieved in the helicopter was of fundamental significance in aeronautics and promised to become much more so in the future The Author had undertaken to discuss the generalised subject of an integrated aircraft, and it would be difficult to find anyone better qualified to present a paper of this nature
Is Man-Powered Rotating-Wing Flight a Future Possibility
Authors: Kendall E R 
Published: October 2023

The Association is pleased to announce that the prize of £50 for the 1958 Cierva Essay Competition has been awarded to Mr E R KendallMr Kendall, who is 25 years of age, is a Project Aerodynamicist with the Helicopter Division of Saunders-Roe Ltd He served his apprenticeship with that Company and in 1955 was nominated by the S B A C for a two year course at the College of Aeronautics, where he specialised in helicopter aerodynamics For his exceptional ability in technical study whilst at the College, he received the 1957 Alan Marsh Memorial Award which enabled him to take a short course of helicopter piloting instruction at Air Service Training He is an Associate Member of the Association
“The Application of the Jet Flap to Helicopter Rotor Control”
Authors: Dorand R 
Published: October 2023

The Chairman, in opening the meeting, said that it was a pleasure to welcome at that meeting of the Association a distinguished engineer from France, Monsieur Rene Dorand, who was well known internationally as a pioneer of the helicopter M Dorand’s name became associated with that of Louis Breguet in 1931 when they built in collaboration a helicopter with co-axial rotors That machine had achieved considerable success both in hovering and in forward flight It established international records for a flight duration of more than one hour and a forward speed of more than 100 k p h, and it also demonstrated an autorotative descent from 100 metersM Dorand became a graduate engineer in 1921, and in the same year took a diploma in electrical engineering He then joined the Louis Breguet Aircraft Company as a graduate engineer and became Technical Director of the Breguet-Dorand Helicopter development group