bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating water surface elevation for a wetland using integrated multi-sourced remote sensing data
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Chua Lloyd H. C. , Irvine Kim N. , Teang Lihoun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Surface water plays an important role in understanding the hydrological behaviour of a wetland and is crucial for the sustainability of wetland ecosystems. Remote sensing increasingly is used for the estimation of surface water levels in larger inland waterbodies. However, there are few investigations that have employed multi-sourced remote sensing data for water level predictions in wetlands, which was the motivation for undertaking this study. Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 are among the latest satellites providing optical imagery with high spatial resolution and coverage that are available in the public domain. Different water indices have been applied to estimate surface water levels using these satellite image sources; however, what index to use for a particular application requires thorough, site-specific analysis. In this study, the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), two versions of the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), and the Water Ratio Index (WRI) were used to estimate water levels in a constructed wetland, as part of an effort to better guide regulation and decision-making for a local management agency. The satellite data were complemented with high resolution aerial photogrammetric images and LiDAR data to assess the accuracy of water level predictions provided by the satellite images. The photogrammetric images were used as reference datasets while the LiDAR data supported the development of area-elevation curves for the wetland. Accuracy assessment between the satellite and reference images was performed using the Kappa co-efficient (K). MNDWI performed better than the other water indices for both satellite data sources; however, the optimum threshold was different for each satellite (− 0.35 for Sentinel-2 and − 0.25 for Landsat-8). K values for the optimum threshold ranged between 0.72 and 0.77 for Sentinel-2 and 0.73 and 0.87 for Landsat-8. The water levels estimated using the remotely sensed data were assessed against in situ, continuously measured water levels using multiple efficiency evaluation metrics including R2, RMSE, and SSE. Estimated water levels with Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 resulted in an R2 of 0.86 and 0.88, RMSE of 0.04 m and 0.06 m, and an SSE of 0.02 m and 0.06 m, respectively. These results show that even for a small wetland, it is possible to use satellite imagery to estimate water levels with high accuracy.
Seascape Factors in the Loss of the SS Waratah
Authors: Pons D. J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The SS Waratah was lost with all 211 lives circa 27 July 1909 off the South African eastern coast, for reasons unknown, and the wreck has not been found despite numerous searches at the time and into the present. The purpose of this paper is to identify possible sinking locations based on the interaction of meteorological fronts, Agulhas current, and bathymetric features. The route of the ship is reconstructed from historical documents, and the account of the following ship Clan Macintyre, using haversines. The analysis shows that the Waratah met the storm on the edge of the continental shelf of Algoa Bay. Multiple simulations were conducted to explore parameter variability, and the meeting location shifts accordingly, bracketing an area of 40 nm by 10 nm (nm). It is proposed that the ship sank on meeting a rogue wave in the storm, or shortly afterwards, at the continental shelf break, possibly near the head of a submarine canyon. Two locations stand out for meeting these criteria and these are 34.3482oS 26.2627oE, and 34.3942oS 25.9394oE. The work provides a new hypothesis, backed by detailed navigational modelling from the known facts, regarding where and how the ship sank. The novel contribution of this research is the combination of multiple disciplines, such as historical research, principles of maritime engineering, navigational modelling, meteorological phenomena, and oceanographic analysis, to reconstruct the ship's likely route and identify potential shipwreck locations.
Differentiating Contact with Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Infectious Individuals in a SEIR Epidemic Model
Authors: Chebotaeva Victoria , Srinivasan Anish , Vasquez Paula A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This manuscript introduces a new Erlang-distributed SEIR model. The model incorporates asymptomatic spread through a subdivided exposed class, distinguishing between asymptomatic (

$$\hbox {E}_a$$

E
a

) and symptomatic (

$$\hbox {E}_s$$

E
s

) cases. The model identifies two key parameters: relative infectiousness,

$$\beta _{{SA}}$$

β

SA

, and the percentage of people who become asymptomatic after being infected by a symptomatic individual,

$$\kappa $$

κ

. Lower values of these parameters reduce the peak magnitude and duration of the infectious period, highlighting the importance of isolation measures. Additionally, the model underscores the need for strategies addressing both symptomatic and asymptomatic transmissions.
Locking in democracy? Transitions, returning autocratic elites, and human rights treaty commitment
Authors: Olar Roman-Gabriel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Under what conditions are new democracies more committed to human rights? Existing explanations focus on the logic of the democratic lock-in as elites in new democracies commit their countries to international human rights treaties and organizations to safeguard against future nondemocratic threats. However, this proposition receives mixed empirical support within the literature, and suffers of endogeneity as it treats all democratization episodes as equivalent. Building on insights from the democratization literature, this paper develops a novel theoretical framework that provides a more direct explanation on the conditions under which political elites in new democracies are more likely to commit to human rights treaties. Using a new measure of returning autocratic elites and an instrumental variable design, the results show that democratic cabinets with a higher share of former autocratic elites are less committed to the international human rights regime. These results have implications for democratic consolidation and human rights compliance.
Miscarriages of justice in judges’ mind: theory and experimental evidence
Authors: Ottone Stefania , Ponzano Ferruccio , Saraceno Margherita , Zarri Luca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates—both theoretically and by means of a controlled laboratory experiment—judges’ decisions in cases when either “type-I” errors (i.e., convicting an innocent defendant) or “type-II” errors (i.e., acquitting a guilty defendant) can occur. Our findings indicate that judges are sensitive to both types of error. Furthermore, in both error scenarios we detect “compensatory leniency” in judicial decision making, with participants seeming to balance the inherent trade-off between the errors by managing jointly the two key levers that they are given by our design: (1) the decision on conviction/acquittal and (2) the decision on the severity of punishment.
Composting of municipal solid waste with microbial-inoculated biochar amendment: impact on process and end-product quality
Authors: Tahsini Mohammad Javad , Nikaeen Mahnaz , Mohammadi Farzaneh , Taghipour Ahmadreza , Tahmasebi Meghdad , Nafez Amir Hossein 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigated the application of biochar and microbial-inoculated biochar in municipal solid waste (MSW) composting to enhance and accelerate the process. Microbial consortium from the active composting phase was utilized for inoculation and biofilm formation on the biochar surface. Five experimental windrow piles were established, including a control pile without biochar, and piles amended with either biochar or microbial-inoculated biochar. The composting process and the quality of the final product were evaluated by analyzing a range of physicochemical and biological parameters. The results demonstrated that piles amended with inoculated biochar exhibited higher levels of FDA hydrolytic activity and organic matter reduction, indicating enhanced microbial activity. Notably, piles 3 and 5, amended with biochar inoculated with a bacterial consortium and a bacterial-fungal consortium, respectively, achieved the highest composting temperatures (65 °C) and produced the highest-quality end products (C/N ratio: 10.1–11.8, Germination index: 100, and fecal coliform levels within acceptable limits) compared to the control piles. These findings provide valuable insights into the practical application of microbial-inoculated biochar in the real field of MSW composting, offering a promising approach to optimize composting efficiency and product quality.

Graphical Abstract
Organizational sustainability: the role of environmentally focused practices in enhancing environmental performance—an emerging market perspective
Authors: Khan Naveed R. , Malik Falak , Khan Mustafa Rehman , Khan Ismail , Ghouri Arsalan Mujahid 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of environmental transformational leadership through green human resource management (GHRM) and environmental management system on environmental performance (EP) in textile manufacturing firms. In this cross-sectional study, PLS-SEM method was used to analyze 244 responses collected from managers using purposive sampling. Our findings showed that environmental transformational leadership has a significant relationship with GHRM, environmental management system, and EP. Likewise, environmental management system has a significant relationship with EP. However, GHRM has an insignificant relationship with EP. Moreover, the environmental management system complementary mediates the relationship between environmental transformational leadership and EP. Meanwhile, GHRM insignificantly mediates the relationship between environmental transformational leadership and EP. Our study provides novel contribution by examining environmentally focused practices and organizational sustainability within an under-researched, emerging market context. We offer insights into how environmental transformational leadership and environmental management system addressing environmental challenges as outlined by the SDGs. Managers are suggested to regularly identify environmental issues relevant to the firm, communicate environmental requirements to suppliers, and implement environmental life cycle assessments to redesign products or manufacturing processes.
Not all verbal labels grease the wheels of odor categories
Authors: Cao Yaxiong , Majid Asifa , Vanek Norbert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Language is known to play a crucial role in influencing how humans perceive and categorize sensory stimuli, including odors. This study investigated the impact of linguistic labeling on odor categorization among bilingual participants proficient in Chinese (L1) and English (L2). We hypothesized that L1-like linguistic labels would more robustly propel the learning of new olfactory categories compared to a condition without language, and more familiar labels would better support odor category learning. The analysis focused on comparing learning trajectories and odor categorization performance of four groups, three in which odors were paired with different sets of verbal labels and a control group that categorized odors without any verbal labeling. Following four days of intensive training, the results showed that the groups with verbal labels numerically outperformed the control group, and that the less familiar the labels sounded the more successful categorization became. However, between-group differences did not reach statistical significance. These findings, while not conclusively supporting our hypotheses, provide insights into the complex relationship between linguistic familiarity and odor category formation. The results are nested within Ad Hoc Cognition, highlighting that variations in linguistic familiarity may not induce robust enough contextual changes to differentially affect how odor categories are formed.
Cross-Disciplinary Mobility and the Public Writer
Authors: Boyd Sydney 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Who is the public? For a scholar, the public is anyone outside of one’s discipline. This is true within academia or without, but cross-disciplinarity as an individual means of academic scholarship tends not to be an explicit part of conversations about how to practice public humanities. This essay critically reflects on how we think about cross-disciplinary scholarship in relationship to public writing and centers mobility as a core tenet of both.
Pubertal timing, depressive symptoms, and depression in adolescent males: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Tarif Dana , Heron Jon , Fraser Abigail , Elhakeem Ahmed , Joinson Carol 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Early pubertal timing is associated with depressive symptoms in girls, but studies in boys are limited and have yielded conflicting results.

Methods
N = 4,664 male participants from a UK birth cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children – ALSPAC). Seven indicators of pubertal timing were measured repeatedly from 7 to 17 years (age at: peak height velocity, peak weight velocity, peak bone mineral content velocity, Tanner stage 3 pubic hair, Tanner stage 3 genitalia, axillary hair, and voice break), categorised into ‘early’, ‘on-time,’ and ‘late’ (mean ± 1 SD). Depressive symptoms (binary variable indicating higher versus lower levels) were assessed at 14 and 18 years, and depression (ICD-10 diagnosis) was assessed at 18 years. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between each indicator of pubertal timing and depressive symptoms/depression, adjusted for socioeconomic status (SES) and prepubertal body mass index (BMI).

Results
Compared to males with normative pubertal development, the odds of depression at age 18 were higher in those with early age at peak height velocity (OR: 2.06; 95% CI 1.27–3.34), early age at peak weight velocity (OR: 2.10; 95% CI 1.16–3.79), and early age at Tanner genitalia stage 3 (OR: 1.81; 95% CI 1.01–3.26). There was no evidence for associations between pubertal timing and depressive symptoms at age 14 or 18.

Conclusions
We found evidence that males with an earlier pubertal timing had increased odds of depression at age 18. Early maturing boys could be targeted for interventions aimed at preventing depression.
A generalized reward processing deficit pathway to negative symptoms across diagnostic boundaries
Authors: Spilka Michael J. , Millman Zachary B. , Waltz James A. , Walker Elaine F. , Levin Jason A. , Powers Albert R. , Corlett Philip R. , Schiffman Jason , Gold James M. , Silverstein Steven M. , Ellman Lauren M. , Mittal Vijay A. , Woods Scott W. , Zinbarg Richard , Strauss Gregory P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Negative symptoms are a key feature of several psychiatric disorders. Difficulty identifying common neurobiological mechanisms that cut across diagnostic boundaries might result from equifinality (i.e., multiple mechanistic pathways to the same clinical profile), both within and across disorders. This study used a data-driven approach to identify unique subgroups of participants with distinct reward processing profiles to determine which profiles predicted negative symptoms.

Methods
Participants were a transdiagnostic sample of youth from a multisite study of psychosis risk, including 110 individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR; meeting psychosis-risk syndrome criteria), 88 help-seeking participants who failed to meet CHR criteria and/or who presented with other psychiatric diagnoses, and a reference group of 66 healthy controls. Participants completed clinical interviews and behavioral tasks assessing four reward processing constructs indexed by the RDoC Positive Valence Systems: hedonic reactivity, reinforcement learning, value representation, and effort–cost computation.

Results
k-means cluster analysis of clinical participants identified three subgroups with distinct reward processing profiles, primarily characterized by: a value representation deficit (54%), a generalized reward processing deficit (17%), and a hedonic reactivity deficit (29%). Clusters did not differ in rates of clinical group membership or psychiatric diagnoses. Elevated negative symptoms were only present in the generalized deficit cluster, which also displayed greater functional impairment and higher psychosis conversion probability scores.

Conclusions
Contrary to the equifinality hypothesis, results suggested one global reward processing deficit pathway to negative symptoms independent of diagnostic classification. Assessment of reward processing profiles may have utility for individualized clinical prediction and treatment.
Long-term physical health conditions and youth anxiety and depression: Is there a causal link?
Authors: Shakeshaft Amy , Mundy Jessica R. , Pedersen Emil M. , Dennison Charlotte A. , Riglin Lucy , Bragantini Daniela , Corfield Elizabeth C. , Thapar Ajay K. , Andreassen Ole A. , Stergiakouli Evie , Davey Smith George , Hannigan Laurie , Musliner Katherine L. , Havdahl Alexandra , Thapar Anita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of youth anxiety and depression has increased globally, with limited causal explanations. Long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) affect 20–40% of youth, with rates also rising. LTCs are associated with higher rates of youth depression and anxiety; however, it is uncertain whether observed associations are causal or explained by unmeasured confounding or reverse causation.

Methods
Using data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and Norwegian National Patient Registry, we investigated phenotypic associations between childhood LTCs, and depression and anxiety diagnoses in youth (<19 years), defined using ICD-10 diagnoses and self-rated measures. We then conducted two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses using SNPs associated with childhood LTCs from existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as instrumental variables. Outcomes were: (i) diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders or elevated symptoms in MoBa, and (ii) youth-onset MDD using summary statistics from a GWAS in iPSYCH2015 cohort.

Results
Having any childhood LTC phenotype was associated with elevated youth MDD (OR = 1.48 [95% CIs 1.19, 1.85], p = 4.2×10−4) and anxiety disorder risk (OR = 1.44 [1.20, 1.73], p = 7.9×10−5). Observational and MR analyses in MoBa were consistent with a causal relationship between migraine and depression (IVW OR = 1.38 [1.19, 1.60], pFDR = 1.8x10−4). MR analyses using iPSYCH2015 did not support a causal link between LTC genetic liabilities and youth-onset depression or in the reverse direction.

Conclusions
Childhood LTCs are associated with depression and anxiety in youth, however, little evidence of causation between LTCs genetic liability and youth depression/anxiety was identified from MR analyses, except for migraine.
Optimal dose and pattern of physical activity to prevent diagnosed depression: prospective cohort study
Authors: Andersen Lars Louis , López-Bueno Rubén , Kandola Aaron , Núñez-Cortés Rodrigo , López-Bueno Laura , Calatayud Joaquín 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the dose and pattern of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to prevent depression. We aimed to assess the prospective association of dose and pattern of accelerometer-derived MVPA with the risk of diagnosed depression.

Methods
We included 74,715 adults aged 40–69 years from the UK Biobank cohort who were free of severe disease at baseline and participated in accelerometer measurements (mean age 55.2 years [SD 7.8]; 58% women). MVPA at baseline was derived through 1-week wrist-worn accelerometry. Diagnosed depression was defined by hospitalization with ICD-10 codes F32.0-F32.A. Restricted cubic splines and Cox regression determined the prospective association of dose and pattern of MVPA with the risk of incident depression.

Results
Over a median 7.9-year follow-up, there were 3,089 (4.1%) incident cases of depression. Higher doses of MVPA were curvilinearly associated with lower depression risk, with the largest minute-per-minute added benefits occurring between 5 (HR 0.99 [95% CI 0.96–0.99]) and 280 (HR 0.67 [95% CI 0.60–0.74]) minutes per week (reference: 0 MVPA minutes).

Conclusion
Regardless of pattern, higher doses of MVPA were associated with lower depression risk in a curvilinear manner, with the greatest incremental benefit per minute occurring during the first 4–5 h per week. Optimal benefits occurred around 15 h/week.
A longitudinal investigation of the relationship between dimensional psychopathology, gray matter structure, and dementia status in older adulthood
Authors: Hoy Nicholas , Waszczuk Monika , Sunderland Matthew , Lynch Samantha J. , Sachdev Perminder S. , Brodaty Henry , Reppermund Simone , Mewton Louise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The structure of psychopathology can be organized hierarchically into a set of transdiagnostic dimensional phenotypes. No studies have examined whether these phenotypes are associated with brain structure or dementia in older adults.

Methods
Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of older adults aged 70–90 years at baseline (N = 1072; 44.8% male). Confirmatory factor models were fit to baseline psychiatric symptoms, with model fit assessed via traditional fit indices, model-based reliability estimates, and evaluation of model parameters. Bayesian plausible values were generated from the best-fitting model for use in subsequent analyses. Linear mixed models examined intraindividual change in global and regional gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness over 6 years. Logistic regression examined whether symptom dimensions predicted incident dementia over 12 years.

Results
A higher-order model showed a good fit to the data (BIC = 28,691.85; ssaBIC = 28,396.47; CFI = 0.926; TLI = 0.92; RMSEA = 0.047), including a general factor and lower-order dimensions of internalizing, disinhibited externalizing, and substance use. Baseline symptom dimensions did not predict change over time in total cortical and subcortical GMV or average cortical thickness; regional GMV or cortical thickness in the frontal, parietal, temporal, or occipital lobes; or regional GMV in the hippocampus and cerebellum (all p-values >0.5). Finally, baseline symptom dimensions did not predict incident dementia across follow-ups (all p-values >0.5).

Conclusions
We found no evidence that transdiagnostic dimensions are associated with gray matter structure or dementia in older adults. Future research should examine these relationships using psychiatric indicators capturing past history of chronic mental illness rather than current symptoms.