bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive measurement strategy for quantum subspace methods
Authors: Nakamura Yuma , Yano Yoshichika , Yoshioka Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Estimation of physical observables for unknown quantum states is an important problem that underlies a wide range of fields, including quantum information processing, quantum physics, and quantum chemistry. In the context of quantum computation, in particular, existing studies have mainly focused on holistic state tomography or estimation on specific observables with known classical descriptions, while this lacks the important class of problems where the estimation target itself relies on the measurement outcome. In this work, we propose an adaptive measurement optimization method that is useful for the quantum subspace methods, namely the variational simulation methods that utilize classical postprocessing on measurement outcomes. The proposed method first determines the measurement protocol for classically simulatable states, and then adaptively updates the protocol of quantum subspace expansion (QSE) according to the quantum measurement result. As a numerical demonstration, we have shown for excited-state simulation of molecules that (i) we are able to reduce the number of measurements by an order of magnitude by constructing an appropriate measurement strategy (ii) the adaptive iteration converges successfully even for a strongly correlated molecule of H4. Our work reveals that the potential of the QSE method can be empowered by elaborated measurement protocols, and opens a path to further pursue efficient quantum measurement techniques in practical computations.
Experimental investigation on the wear characteristics of TiC−Co composite coating deposited on AZ91D Mg alloy substrate by plasma transferred arc (PTA) welding process
Authors: Das Anil Kumar , Kumar Ravi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, a plasma transferred arc (PTA) cladding process was employed to deposit TiC−Co composite coatings on substrate of AZ91D magnesium (Mg) alloy. The morphology and phases of the recently produced composite coatings were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD). The microhardness and wear rate were evaluated by Vickers microhardness tester and pin-on-disc wear and friction test apparatus at the room temperature respectively. The results demonstrate that dense, uniform, and crack free coatings, with good metallurgical bonding to the AZ91D Mg alloy substrate were formed. The most of the phases present in composite coatings were TiC, Mg, CoTi, α-Co, AlCo, Al3Ti, and Co3C. The maximum average micro-hardness of TiC−Co composite coating was found to be about 1743 HV, which depends on the PTA currents. Whereas, average micro-hardness of the AZ91D Mg alloy substrate was 65 HV. This indicates that the coated layer produced increase in hardness about 27 times of substrate hardness. The cladding layer exhibited a wear rate of 4.94 × 10−8 g N−1−m−1, whereas the wear rate of the AZ91D Mg alloy substrate was 58 × 10−8 g/N-m. This indicates that the wear resistance of cladding layer was 12 times higher as compared to AZ91D Mg alloy substrate. The enhanced micro-hardness and wear resistance of TiC−Co composite coating can be attributed due to the formation of ceramic and intermetallic compounds, unveiling its superiority over the AZ91D substrate.
Effect of biaxial strain on electronic and optical properties of vertically stacked HfS2/HfSe2 heterostructures
Authors: Mahajan Vivek , Sharma Neha Kapila , Adhikari Rajendra , Sharma Hitesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The structural, electronic, and optical properties of HfS2/HfSe2 heterostructures (HSs) have been investigated using Density Functional Theory. The HfS2 and HfSe2 monolayers with H and T phases with different stacking configurations were considered for the formation of HSs. HfS2(1T)/HfSe2(2H) is found to be the most stable HS as compared to other phases. All phases of HSs show indirect band-gaps HfS2(1T) (2.07 eV), HfSe2(2H) (1.63 eV), and HfS2(1T)/HfSe2(2H) (1.44 eV) with valence band (VB) of HS dominated by HfS2(1T) and the conduction band (CB) dominated by HfSe2(2H) leading to type-II configuration. The optical properties of HS show ab-sorption peaks in the visible region of 420–430 nm with an absorption coefficient of 1.82–1.89 × 105 cm−1. Further, the stability of the HS increases with tensile strain and decreases with compressive strain. Similarly, the band gap increases from 1.44 eV to 1.51 eV with the tensile strain and decreases to 1.30 eV with compressive strain. The tunability of electronic band gap and band alignment of Hf-based HSs by external strain makes them useful for possible use in futuristic optoelectronic devices.
A modified pothole detection approach to capture their width
Authors: Thanh An Phan , Minh Phuong Nguyen , Le Quang Dang , Hong Trang Le 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Detecting potholes is an ongoing problem that requires extensive investigations as potholes significantly deteriorate urban beauty and can cause serious harm to commuters. Multiple techniques have been developed over the years to address that issue. However, there has been no formal way to define the size, particularly the width, of a pothole. This work presents An's mathematical definition for the width of an arbitrary 2D pothole at a point inside. Then, the width of each pothole is calculated by taking the supremum of all width values at all points in a given subset of that pothole. We also extend the detection pipeline by Koch and Brilakis in 2011 to prove the practicality of these definitions. The obtained experimental results show that our modification improves the pothole segmentation. Consequently, it gives a more accurate estimation of pothole widths.
Testing the nature of gravitational wave propagation using dark sirens and galaxy catalogues
Authors: Chen Anson , Gray Rachel , Baker Tessa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The dark sirens method enables us to use gravitational wave events without electromagnetic counterparts as tools for cosmology and tests of gravity. Furthermore, the dark sirens analysis code gwcosmo can now robustly account for information coming from both galaxy catalogues and the compact object mass distribution. We present here an extension of the gwcosmo code and methodology to constrain parameterized deviations from General Relativity that affect the propagation of gravitational waves under the ΛCDM expansion history of the universe. We show results of our analysis using data from the GWTC-3 gravitational wave catalogues, in preparation for application to the O4 observing run. After testing our pipelines using the First Two Years mock data set, we reanalyse 46 events from GWTC-3, and combine the posterior for BBH and NSBH sampling results for the first time. We obtain joint constraints on H
0 and parameterized deviations from General Relativity in the Power Law + Peak BBH population model. With increased galaxy catalogue support in the future, our work sets the stage for dark sirens to become a powerful tool for testing gravity.
Perturbing fast neutrino flavor conversion
Authors: Cornelius Marie , Shalgar Shashank , Tamborra Irene 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The flavor evolution of neutrinos in dense astrophysical sources, such as core-collapse
supernovae or compact binary mergers, is non-linear due to the coherent forward scattering of
neutrinos among themselves. Recent work in this context has been addressed to figure out whether
flavor equipartition could be a generic flavor outcome of fast flavor conversion. We investigate
the flavor conversion physics injecting random perturbations in the neutrino field in two
simulation setups: 1. a spherically symmetric simulation shell without periodic boundaries, with
angular distributions evolving dynamically thanks to non-forward scatterings of neutrinos with the
background medium, and neutrino advection; 2. a periodic simulation shell, with angular
distributions of neutrinos defined a priori and neutrino advection. We find that, independent of
the exact initial flavor configuration and type of perturbations, flavor equipartition is
generally achieved in the system with periodic boundaries; in this case, perturbations aid the
diffusion of flavor structures to smaller and smaller scales. However, flavor equipartition is not
a general outcome in the simulation shell without periodic boundaries, where the inhomogeneities
induced perturbing the neutrino field affect the flavor evolution, but do not facilitate the
diffusion of flavor waves. This work highlights the importance of the choice of the simulation
boundary conditions in the exploration of fast flavor conversion physics.
Cosmological Constraints on Neutrino Masses in Light of JWST Red and Massive Candidate Galaxies
Authors: Liu Jian-Qi , Huang Zhi-Qi , Su Yan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The overabundance of the red and massive candidate galaxies observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) implies efficient structure formation or large star formation efficiency at high redshift z ∼ 10. In the scenario of a low or moderate star formation efficiency, because massive neutrinos tend to suppress the growth of structure of the universe, the JWST observation tightens the upper bound of the neutrino masses. Assuming Λ cold dark matter cosmology and a star formation efficiency ∈[0.05, 0.3] (flat prior), we perform joint analyses of Planck+JWST and Planck+BAO+JWST, and obtain improved constraints ∑m

ν
< 0.196 eV and ∑m

ν
< 0.111 eV at 95% confidence level, respectively. Based on the above assumptions, the inverted mass ordering, which implies ∑m

ν
≥ 0.1eV, is excluded by Planck+BAO+JWST at 92.7% confidence level.
Thermal hydraulic assessment on the full banana model of COOL blanket for CFETR
Authors: Jiang Kecheng , Chen Lei , Chen Long , Ma Xuebin , Wu Qiuran , Cheng Xiaoman , Yang Juancheng , Zheng Xuan , Zhang Nianmei , Ni Mingjiu , Liu Songlin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) cOoled Lithium-Lead (COOL) blanket is under development for Chinese Fusion Engineering and Test Reactor. The thermal hydraulic assessment plays an important role for the comprehensive performance evaluation on the fusion blanket among the multi-physics fields. As the fusion reactor will enter into the engineering construction stage, it is important to study the thermal hydraulics performance on basis of the full model. Because it can accurately check the heat removal capability and thermoelectricity conversion efficiency, as well as provide essential input for the other physical fields. In this demand-driven, the analyses and optimization on the cooling system are put into priority on basis of the full banana model, including the manifold design and inlet/outlet pipes locations. Finally, the coolant pressure drop is highly reduced and the mass flow distribution becomes much more uniformly. For the S-CO2, 82.3% of the total mass flow rate is distributed into the key component first wall, and this is beneficial to face the high radiation heat flux. Besides, under different level of heat flux, the required total mass flow rate and pressure drop are obtained on premise that the coolant has enough ability to safely remove the heat away. For the Lead–Lithium (PbLi), the distribution of mass flow rate is designed as ‘ladder’ shape to adapt the unevenly spatial distributed nuclear heat along the radial direction, and the ratio is 8:2:1. Furthermore, the first law of thermodynamics is adopted for the trade-off analysis, which converts the total pressure drop of the two coolants into the pumping power, and it occupies only 1.3% of the total thermal power. This provides accurate and valuable data for the primary and secondary loop design, as well as the economic assessment on the fusion reactor. Finally, the Two Dimensional thermal hydraulic model containing the detailed layouts of different materials is used to study the coupling heat transfer effects between PbLi and S-CO2, as well as the MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) effects. The boundary conditions are derived from the results of full banana model, and the results show that the temperature of all materials is not exceeding the upper limits.
X-ray assisted point defects creation in micron-size Zn, Mo oxide particles at liquid nitrogen temperature
Authors: Buryi M , Babin V , Remeš Z , Mičová J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Charge trapping processes induced by the X-ray irradiation in the heavy Mo doped ZnO and MoO3 micropowders synthesized by the hydrothermal growth method were investigated in detail. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) were applied in a correlated manner to discover the role of the Mo doping in the charge trapping processes in ZnO. Thermally unstable oxygen- and molybdenum-related charge trapping centers were studied. Molybdenum and oxygen created electron-hole trapping pairs in some cases were observed. Some part of the hole trapping centers seemed to be directly connected with the creation of Mo5+. The correlation between EPR and TSL data was found.
The Effect of Laser Beam on the Width of the Cut
Authors: Knedlová J , Kubišová M , Pata V , Marcaník M , Bočáková B 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Conventional methods of dividing material due to their limitation to straight cuts have largely been replaced by non-conventional cutting methods, which include laser cutting. Laser cutting of polymer materials has become a priority for the manufacturing industry, mainly due to the constantly growing demand for these materials. The article discusses the effect of the laser beam on the width of the cut using lenses with different focal lengths, under different working conditions, on samples made of PMMA polymer material plates. For the experiment, the samples were produced using an ILS 3NM laser device, a CO2, with a wavelength of 10.6 μm and with maximum power 100 W, maximum feed speed 1524 mm · s-1. For the selected samples, it was studied how the dimension defined by the machining software differ from the dimension created by the machining.
Influence of selected parameters of drag finishing on tool microgeometry
Authors: Pätoprstý B , Buranský I , Jurina F 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of the experiment described in the paper was to determine how selected parameters of drag finishing such as process time, immersion depth and rotation frequency affect microgeometry of cutting edge. Four flute cemented carbide mills with diameter of 10 mm were used in this experiment. These mills were drag finished on prototype drag finishing machine developed on Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Slovak University of Technology. Alicona Infinte Focus SL measuring machine was used to measure microgeometry of these mills. The main parameter of microgeometry of cutting edge was the size of the radius of cutting edge. In the article we compared which parameter has the biggest influence on size of cutting edge radius and also there was statistical evaluation carried out. The most significant parameter of drag finishing was determined to be the immersion depth.
Optimization of digital neutron-gamma discrimination methods in time and frequency domain
Authors: Singh Harleen , Mehra Rohit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Four digital methods are investigated for neutron-gamma
discrimination in organic scintillation detectors. A fast-digital
pulse processing system has been used to optimize the PSD methods
and to investigate a mixed radiation field with light output in the
range of 100 keV to 5 MeV from an Am-Be source. The methods used
for pulse shape discrimination are the charge comparison, the
simplified digital charge collection, the frequency gradient
analysis, and the discrete wavelet transform method. The performance
of each of these methods has been assessed by calculating the
figure-of-merit and the probability of misclassification. It has
been found that the frequency-domain algorithms perform more
effectively for low-energy pulses and require a smaller processing
gate width than the time-domain methods. They are therefore more
suited to environments with high count rates where pulse pileup is a
common attribute of data. In addition, frequency-domain methods are
more resistant to random noise present in the dataset compared to
time-domain methods.
Nitroprusside and metal nitroprusside nano analogues for cancer therapy
Authors: Tripathy Sanchita , Londhe Swapnali , Patra Chitta Ranjan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), U.S approved drug has been used in clinical emergency as a hypertensive drug for more than a decade. It is well established for its various biomedical applications such as angiogenesis, wound healing, neurological disorders including anti-microbial applications etc. Apart from that, SNP have been considered as excellent biomedical materials for its use as anti-cancer agent because of its behavior as NO-donor. Recent reports suggest that incorporation of metals in SNP/encapsulation of SNP in metal nanoparticles (metal nitroprusside analogues) shows better therapeutic anti-cancer activity. Although there are numerous reports available regarding the biological applications of SNP and metal-based SNP analogue nanoparticles, unfortunately there is not a single comprehensive review which highlights the anti-cancer activity of SNP and its derivative metal analogues in detail along with the future perspective. To this end, the present review article focuses the recent development of anti-cancer activity of SNP and metal-based SNP analogues, their plausible mechanism of action, current status. Furthermore, the future perspectives and challenges of these biomedical materials are also discussed. Overall, this review article represents a new perspective in the area of cancer nanomedicine that will attract a wider spectrum of scientific community.
Facile process of Hibiscus mucilage polymer formulation using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves to treat second-degree burn and excision wounds
Authors: Saha Ishita , Ghosh Sourav , Roy Shubham , Basu Tarakdas , Karmakar Parimal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mucilage is a sticky substance found in various plants and microorganisms and is made up of proteins and polysaccharides. Mucilage from Hibiscus rosa sinensisis is a complex polysaccharide traditionally used to treat different skin diseases. In our study, we fabricated mucilage polymer from Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves and evaluated its potential application in second-degree burns and excision wounds. The physical properties of Hibiscus mucilage (HM) polymer were demonstrated by using Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Tellerand, Swelling ratio. The human cell lines WI-38, and HaCaT have been used for in-vitro experiments like MTT, scratch wound, BrdU, ROS scavenging assays, and western blot analysis. The results of the MTT, scratch-wound, and BrdU assay indicated that the HM polymer is nontoxic in nature and also enhances both the properties of cellular migration and proliferation, respectively. On the other hand, the result of the ROS scavenging assay suggested that HM polymer enhances the antioxidant activity of cells while the western blot analysis designated that the HM polymer treatment caused downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ and upregulation of the pAkt (Serine 473) protein, and TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Therefore, all in-vitro experimental studies recommended that HM polymer is biocompatible and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In the in vivo experiment, second-degree burns and excision wounds were created on the dorsal surface of male BALB/c mice. After the sixth day of HM polymer treatment have developed new tissue, hair follicles, blood vessels, α-SMA, and Collagen type-1 fiber on the burn and excision wound area while the 11th day of HM polymer treatment cured the wound area significantly. Therefore, it could be contemplated that HM polymer is a potential agent for treating different wounds in the near future.
An innovative environmental regulation tool for regional air pollution based on DEA-RFR
Authors: Hao Songze , Zhang Ke , Zhao Xiaohui , Huang Jin , Zhao Qingrui , Wang Chengyu , Zhang Hongpei , Wang Xiaodan , Zheng Binguo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Environmental regulation tools are one of the conventional means for pollution control in various countries. For large-scale urbanization regions, reasonable pre-allocation of pollutant emission amount for each area is an effective regulation to improve air quality. Treating pollutant emission quota as a resource element, a comprehensive input-output model has been established based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, to evaluate the rationality of pollutant emission allocation and provide adjustment scheme, thus developing an environmental regulation tool. The index system includes factors of economy, environment, energy consumption, demographic and land-use as input indicators, regional GDP and environmental air quality index as output indicators. The regulation tool is applied to the current air pollutant emission management in Henan Province, China. The results show that 7 cities need to further adjust the allocation scheme, among which, Anyang, Xinxiang, Nanyang and Shangqiu are suggested to reduce the emission allocation quotas; Puyang and Zhumadian are suggested to increase the emission allocation quotas; Pingdingshan shall seek optimization paths through collaborative improvement. Further, to verify the effectiveness of the tool, by joint using Random Forest Regression (RFR), a DEA efficiency reassessment is conducted on the obtained new allocation scheme of Nanyang City. The results show that the efficiency of the new allocation scheme has reached optimal. This study provides a practical and effective regulation tool for regional management of pollutant emission, to balance economic growth and environmental protection.
Eco-friendly innovation: harnessing nature’s blueprint for enhanced photocatalysis and antimicrobial potential in multi-structured PN/ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Gaur Jyoti , Kumar Sanjeev , Kaur Harpreet , Pal Mohinder , Supreet  , Bala Kanchan , Batoo Khalid Mujasam , Momoh Johnson Oshiobugie , Hussain Sajjad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research unveils an innovative approach to green synthesis, detailed characterization, and multifunctional exploration of bio-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles (PN/ZnO NPs) adorned with phytochemicals from Piper nigrum (PN). Employing an extensive suite of spectroscopic techniques and physicochemical methods, including UV–vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, the study delves into the unique properties of PN/ZnO NPs. XRD confirms the development of the wurtzite phase with a crystallite diameter of 47.77 nm. FTIR reveals ZnO functionalization by PN’s phytochemicals, while FESEM and HRTEM suggest diverse architectural features. Selected area electron diffraction patterns authenticate the crystalline structure. BET analysis showcases a large specific surface area of 80.72 m2 g−1 and a mesoporous structure. The absorption peak at 372 nm and an energy band gap (E
g) of 3.44 eV validate ZnO NP formation. The catalytic performance is demonstrated through the degradation of commercial reactive yellow-17 (RY-17) dye, with PN/ZnO (dosage 300 mg l−1) achieving 94.72% removal at a dose of 120 mg l−1. Pseudo-first-order kinetics govern the photodegradation process. PN-ZnO NPs showcase potent antimicrobial efficacy against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, with varying clearance zones. This study stands as an impactful exploration, integrating green synthesis, detailed characterization, and versatile functionalities of PN/ZnO NPs.