bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Troubling Ourselves With Bangla Troubles Talk
Authors: Wilce James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
“Man invented language to satisfy his deep need to complain,” or so says comedienne Lily Tomlin (quoted in Pinker 1994: 32; emphasis added). An effective study of troubles telling is one contribution that linguistic anthropology should make toward theorizing medicine and the social organization of power, emotion, and troubles-management strategies, which include “medicine,” broadly construed. How are the realities and ideologies of power and of person - hood constructed when Bangladeshi people tell troubles? This book seeks to answer that question and, in doing so, uniquely yokes linguistic and medical anthropology in the service of ethnography. It is a book about small linguistic acts of resistance in Bangladesh. It deals with the telling of troubles, with local perceptions of the troubles-in-the-telling process (communicative competence), and with my perception that many speech genres-which not only carry personal signs of grief, but also potentially serve as hidden transcripts of social protest-are themselves in trouble, or at least make trouble for the teller. Much of the troubles talk reflected herein represents resistance to the forces that structure the lives of the women and men who are speaking. Acts of resistance are often political, but some of the actors described here are better described as resisting illness, trouble, and death. As Byron Good reminds us, there is another sense of resistance in illness narratives and other forms of troubles talk: They tell of ways in which reality resists us as we experience and confront illness, disease, and injustice as “brute facts” in the world (1994: 177).
Interacting With Practitioners
Authors: Wilce James M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Until this point, I have privileged patients’ perspectives. Now I must devote some attention to practitioners, their work, and their styles, not only to clarify various Matlab models of the medical interview but also to guard against the tendency to problematize only patients’ words and leave unexamined the acts of practitioners. I begin with a domestic scene and shift to institutional settings such as bazaar pharmacies. Changes in the participant structure of complaint interactions accompany such shifts; since public space is men’s space, men speak for women at pharmacies.
Spectacular Politics
Authors: Truesdell Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Drawing on newspapers, archival sources, and memoirs, Spectacular Politics shows how, as President of the Second Republic and then as Emperor Napoleon III, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte used public speech and spectacle to dazzle and seduce the French population, helping to pioneer the modern techniques of image politics and the manipulation of a mass electorate. Elected President of the Second Republic in 1848, the year of the inception of universal male suffrage, this nephew of Napoleon I overthrew that Republic in 1851 to establish himself as Emperor Napoleon III, a title he kept for almost twenty years. During this period, Louis-Napoleon used events as diverse as the annual national holiday on the birthday of Napoleon I, the glitzy inaugurations of Paris’s new streets, the universal expositions, and the many military reviews of the time to stage elaborate public celebrations. Author Matthew Truesdell shows how these events were more than just festive amusements, but were in fact some of Louis-Napoleon’s key tools in the projection before a mass audience of powerful images that allowed him to present himself as the incarnation of the national will and the ideal leader for the age. His ability to package his ideas in short, appealing verbal slogans made him one of the most successful political orators in French history. He had a knack for coming up with the felicitous phrase, the emotionally engaging slogan that summed up his policy in simple terms and was infinitely repeated in newspapers, speeches, songs, and poems, in the “soundbite” style that dominates politics today. But this study also goes beyond the story of Louis-Napoleon’s attempts to manipulate public opinion to examine how his political opponents--especially the republicans--used similar techniques in their ultimately successful effort to supplant his regime. Spectacular Politics makes a significant contribution to the larger history of the discovery of image and spectacle as tools of political manipulation. It will be of interest to scholars of modern French history, modern Europe, and the history of politics.
The Limited Universe of Nineteenth-Century France
Authors: Truesdell Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Of all of the many and various state spectacles put on by the regime of Napoleon III, none drew larger audiences than the two so-called Universal Expositions. In 1855, over 5 million people paid to see the vast display of objects assembled in the Palace of Industry, a permanent exhibition hall constructed for the exposition on the Champs-Elysées in the space now occupied by the Petit Palais and the Grand Palais. And in 1867, some 7 million came to see the huge exposition housed in a large temporary structure on the Champ-de-Mars. But these visitors saw (and sought) more than just a collection of objects; they came to visit the world. As one visitor in 1867 put it:
Without undertaking long and perilous journeys, without running the risk of being frozen in the North, or melted in the South; we have seen the Russian drive his troika drawn by Tartar steeds, the Arab smoke the narghilé or play the darbouka under his gilt cupolas, the fair daughters of the Celestial Empire sip their tea in their quaint painted houses; we have walked in a few minutes from the Temple of the Caciques to the Bardo of Tunis, from the American log-hut to the Kirghiz tent
The Fête Impériale in the Provinces
Authors: Truesdell Matthew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
History, like good detective fiction, sometimes has its dogs that do not bark in the night—its moments when events that fail to occur as expected provide important clues to what really did happen. We can see one such incident (or nonincident) in the Second Empire’s failure to formally inaugurate the new statue of Napoleon I that it erected on the Vendome Column in 1863. What might be called the “curious incident of the statue in the daytime” does not allow us to solve any long-standing murder mysteries, but it does offer an interesting perspective on the political changes of the 1860s.
Y Chromosome Aberrations
Authors: Pinsky Leonard , Erickson Robert P , Schimke R Neil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter covers gonadal maldevelopment caused by Y chromosome aberrations. We begin with a comprehensive treatment of SRY mutations because more is known about this testis-determining gene than any other. This is followed by a brief discussion of a rare combination: 46,XX males who are infertile and ZFYnegative but apparently SRY-positive. This combination implies that ZFY has a role, perhaps facultative, in achieving fully normal testis development. Finally, we deal with Yq alterations that impair spermatogenesis. Strictly speaking, the affected individuals have defective gametogenesis rather than defective testis differentiation; hence, they could also have been discussed as one form of “gamete failure” in Part V.
Genetic Disorders Expressed as Gonadotropin Excess
Authors: Pinsky Leonard , Erickson Robert P , Schimke R Neil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gonadotropin excess may reflect (1) a response to excessive (perhaps premature) stimulation of the pituitary gonadotropes by GnRH, (2) autonomous overproduction of LH, FSH, or both, by pituitary gonadotropes or, ectopically, as a paraendocrine expression of neoplasia, and (3) deficient production, or action, of inhibin or follistatin.
General Framework and Model
Authors: Earley P Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Researchers have a great misunderstanding concerning the importance and relevance of culture in the study of organizational behavior. These debates include issues such as levels of analysis (e.g., Leung & Bond, 1989; Earley & Mosakowski, 1995; Hofstede, 1980a, b), conceptual scope of the culture construct (e.g., Earley & Singh, 1995; Hofstede, 1980a; Triandis, 1994), convergence versus divergence (e.g., Boyacigiller & Adler, 1991), culture divisibility or segmentation (e.g., Geertz, 1973; Martin, 1992), methodology (e.g., Lytle et al., 1995), and basic definitions (e.g., Ja hoda, 1980; Rohner, 1984; Segall, 1986), among others.
Conclusions and Research Agenda
Authors: Earley P Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, I apply my framework to several organizational topics. Rather than simply summarize my framework, it seems to be more useful to apply it in several content areas, using organizational examples as a basis for stimulating a research agenda for the future. I have chosen several areas because of their centrality to organizational behavior and face, namely, social exchange and reward allocation, negotiation and conflict management, and impression management and feedback seeking. I would stress, however, that my choice of areas is intended to provide examples of how the model might stimulate research, not to serve as a directive limiting the application domains.
Information Strategy
Authors: Davenport Thomas H , Prusak Laurence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Because creating an information strategy can potentially encompass all aspects of an information ecology, it’s a good place for managers to begin. Yet at the risk of sounding like an amateur Zen philosopher, I believe the final strategic destination means much less than the journey there. Any good strategy promotes communication, debate, consensus; more than anything, it gets managers to talk to each other. Strategy is about choices and emphasis— which types of business to pursue, products to create, markets to address.
Information Staff
Authors: Davenport Thomas H , Prusak Laurence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The great secret of the computer revolution is that people now matter more to information systems than ever—not less. People support information on computers by defining, analyzing, creating, maintaining, managing, and advising on information resources. As any manager knows, without well-informed, plain-speaking, patient information staff in place, a company’s best-laid IT plans will sink. The support structure of any information environment has to focus on the people who add value to the information, particularly staff members like researchers, editors, guides, and other content interpreters. Ecologically oriented staff support structures therefore have the potential to deal with information of any type, specifically targeting the unique needs of a business organization.
Connecting to the Company: Information and the Organization
Authors: Davenport Thomas H , Prusak Laurence 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A though I devote most of this book to the internal information environment of a company, an ecological approach also has to account for the complex organizational environment—a company’s overall business strategy and structure; what it has already invested in technology; and the physical arrangement of its various offices, units, and manufacturing facilities. Ecologically oriented managers ask, “What about an organization affects—and is affected by—the way it manages information?”
Introduction to the Hypoglycemias
Authors: Cryer Philip E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There are three reasons. First, insight into the mechanisms of glucose counter-regulation, which normally prevent or rapidly correct hypoglycemia, has increased dramatically over the past two decades. Although many important questions remain to be answered, the knowledge base in its physiology and patholophysiology has matured. The remarkable effectiveness of the physiological defenses against falling plasma glucose concentrations explains why hypoglycemia is an uncommon clinical event under most conditions.
New Directions for Organization Theory
Authors: Pfeffer Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This is a comprehensive analysis of the present state of organization theory. The author traces the evolution and particularly the more recent history of the field, and its scope and content. He then considers the relevant literature organized by major issues and concepts. Jeffrey Pfeffer makes the point that the world of organizations the book surveys has changed in four important ways: the increasing externalization of the employment relation and the development of the "new employment contract;" the change in the size distribution of organizations, with a comparative growth in the proportion of smaller organizations; the increasing influence of external capital markets on organizational governance and decision making; and the increasing salary inequality within organizations in the U.S. compared both to the past and to other industrialized nations. These changes make it especially important to understand the organizations themselves. The author is a major scholar in the field of organizations and his perspective should be of considerable interest to scholars and students in the field.
Mechanisms of Social Control
Authors: Pfeffer Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The various models for understanding organizations developed in chapters 3 and 4 and the discussion in chapter 2 concerning the locus for causality of behavior have as their goal being able to explain, predict, and ultimately influence organizational behavior. Although each perspective has its own specific implications for controlling behavior, control is at once the essential problem of management and organization and the implicit focus of much of organization studies.
Team-Based Work Systems
Authors: Cutcher-Gershenfeld Joel , Nitta Michio , Barrett Betty J , Belhedi Nejib , Chow Simon Soi-Chung , Inaba Takashi , lshino lwao , Lin Wen-Jeng , Moore Michael , Mothersell William M , Palthe Jennifer , Ramanand Shobha , Strolle Mark E , Wheaton Arthur C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Companies in every industry are striving to create team-based work systems.1 Few are achieving the new levels of teamwork they believe will make them more competitive. For many of these firms, the interest in teams has roots in the competitive success of many Japanese organizations, which feature high levels of teamwork in manufacturing and office operations. Team-based work systems are complex amalgams of tangible practices and intangible elements such as interpersonal in-teractions.
Employee Involvement and Kaizen
Authors: Cutcher-Gershenfeld Joel , Nitta Michio , Barrett Betty J , Belhedi Nejib , Chow Simon Soi-Chung , Inaba Takashi , lshino lwao , Lin Wen-Jeng , Moore Michael , Mothersell William M , Palthe Jennifer , Ramanand Shobha , Strolle Mark E , Wheaton Arthur C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Success in the global economy depends on understanding how people’s knowledge is integrated into work operations. Despite platitudes about how “people are our most important resource,” most organizations do not attend to these details. As a result, they fail to realize the full benefit of the knowledge of their employees. This failure arises out of the ineffective handling of a series of interrelated workplace dilemmas.
Labor Relations
Authors: Cutcher-Gershenfeld Joel , Nitta Michio , Barrett Betty J , Belhedi Nejib , Chow Simon Soi-Chung , Inaba Takashi , lshino lwao , Lin Wen-Jeng , Moore Michael , Mothersell William M , Palthe Jennifer , Ramanand Shobha , Strolle Mark E , Wheaton Arthur C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
After observing examples of the global diffusion of knowledge-driven work systems, we find ourselves unable to describe these factories’ labor relations in the traditional language of the field. The words “adversarial” and “enterprise” are commonly used in discussions about U.S. and Japanese labor relations, respectively. In fact, our experience leads us to conclude that these words are not only inadequate but misleading.
Nicotine Pharmacology and Addiction
Authors: Benowitz Neall. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nicotine, the main determinant of tobacco use and addiction, is now available as a medication to assist smoking cessation and is being evaluated as a medication for a variety of other medical disorders. Although this book focuses on the safety and toxicity of nicotine, Chapter 1 provides an overview of the basic and clinical pharmacology of nicotine and how nicotine contributes to tobacco addiction. The reader is also referred to the 1987 Surgeon General’s Report, The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction,’ and other reviews.23 for a detailed description of the pharmacology of nicotine and its role in tobacco addiction.
Makers
Authors: Wren Daniel A , Greenwood Ronald G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The individuals chosen as “makers,” Cyrus McCormick, Andrew Carnegie, and Henry Ford, represent the development of manufacturing in America. These individuals personify the transition from labor-intensive shop production to large-scale factory production and eventually manufacture by an assembly line. McCormick gradually developed his reaper company into an international large-scale manufacturing firm. Carnegie applied the lessons of railroad management to developing the first fully integrated firm in the steel industry. Henry Ford and his associates at Ford Motor company progressed from a stationary method of production to a moving line that opened a new era in manufacturing.
Sellers
Authors: Wren Daniel A , Greenwood Ronald G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Trade is as ancient as humankind, but its evolution from bartered commodities to plastic debit and credit cards is a story with many chapters. Before the eighteenth century the lack of rapid transport and communication established barriers to trade, restricting it to local markets or creating long periods of time between the shipment of a product and its receipt at some distant point. Steam power brought transport by rail, on inland waterways, and across the seas, enabling the more rapid exchange of goods over greater distances. Communication improvements, such as the telegraph and the telephone, provided for information exchanges that facilitated the expansion of trade.
Structural Analysis of Japanese Economic Organization, A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Gerlach Michael L , Lincoln James R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the proliferation of various forms of strategic alliance in the global economy -from long-term supplier relations to international joint ventures to state-sponsored consortia - has come an increased theoretical interest in business networks as a topic of analysis. A brief sample of writings in this literature includes Aldrich (1979), Piore and Sable (1984), Miles and Snow (1987), Eccles and Crane (1987), Powell (1990), as well as edited volumes by Mizruchi and Schwartz (1987), Wellman and Berkowitz (1987), and Nohria and Eccles (1992). As the composition of this volume shows, Japanese industrial organization and business structures have taken a leading role in encouraging this shift in interest. [In addition to the chapters in this book, see Fruin (1992); Gerlach (1992a, b); Lincoln et al. (1992, 1996); and Imai and Itami (1984). Nor is this interest limited to Japan, because the network characteristics of Japanese industrial organization have also appeared in other East Asian economies, including in Korea (through its zaibatsu-like chaebol) and in Taiwan (through its own distinctive form of extended family groupings) (Hamilton and Biggart, 1988). Indeed, network forms are now recognized to be a pervasive form of economic organization in many countries, including those in the developing world (Leff, 1979) and those in continental Europe (Daems, 1979; Encaoua and Jacquemin, 1982; Cable and Dirrheimer, 1984).] In this chapter we have a dual agenda: We combine a general treatment of network organization in Japan with the presentation of a broad agenda for structural (network) analysis. The link between the two is our research program on Japanese economic organization, which is very much within the structuralist tradition but at the same time aims at pushing the frontiers of that tradition.
Introduction: The Mystery of the Invisible J. VcJmen Managers
Authors: Renshaw Jean R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Contrary to popular op1mon and despite enormous obstacles, Japanese women have become successful managers in business, government, and education. Often they are invisible, their presence and influence unrecognized or denied, but they are there. The research on which this book is based was undertaken as an attempt to understand how and why Japanese women become managers, the contradictions posed by their success, and why their presence is unrecognized. While women provide 40.6 percent of the workforce of Japan, less than 10 percent of managers are women, having increased from 6 percent a decade ago. Japanese women are among the best educated women in the world, but their talents remain largely unused and underutilized. They have been exploited as a buffer for economic cycles, serving as temporary, and therefore less expensive labor, and then cast out at marriageable age for a new, younger crop of women college graduates. The role of “good wife, wise mother” is touted, while women’s contributions in the public arena are denied and often denigrated. As noted Japan scholar Chalmers Johnson has said, ‘‘Japanese women are a flagrantly wasted national resource.”2 The head of the Japanese Economic Planning Agency lamented male-dominated hiring practices as “old-fashioned” and a “waste of Japan’s capable women.”
The Search for Successful Japanese Women Managers
Authors: Renshaw Jean R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Given the prevailing male-dominant culture of Japanese organizations, the belief that there are no women in management is not surprising. The questions I was most often asked about Japanese women managers were “Are there any?” “Are they married?” and “Where are they?”The questions reveal widespread assumptions: first, that there aren’t any women managers; second, that if women are managers, they aren’t married; and third, that the women are not really managers. Finding women managers was part of a research process that involved extended interviews of the women alongside data gathering on the economy and culture. This chapter’s goal is to confound stereotypes I encountered by describing women managers, their lifestyles, their family status, and the industries in which they are found. In the very process of seeking out women managers, I gained insights into who they are and how they became managers that lend depth to the quantitative results. The research process is set forth as part of the basis for evaluating the findings.
Hybridization: Human Resource Management at Two Toyota Transplants
Authors: Adler Paul S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is broad consensus that the superlative efficiency and quality performance of Japanese auto “transplants” in the United States is in large measure due to their combination of the “lean” production systems and distinctive human resource management (HRM) practices (Womack, Jones, and Roos, 1990). While the production system has been well documented, there is considerable uncertainty over the nature of these human resource management practices. Some researchers see them as essentially Japanese in origin (e.g., Johnson, 1988; Kenney and Florida, 1993). Others argue that Japanese overseas subsidiaries, like those of companies headquartered in other countries, typically hybridize the parent companies’ management approaches, adapting them at least in part to fit the host country conditions (e.g., Beechler and Yang, 1994; Elger and Smith, 1994; Milkman 1991; White and Trevor 1983; Yuen and Kee, 1993).