bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of systemic inflammation response index in hepatoblastoma patients receiving preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Zheng Chen , Ye Shiru , Liu Wei , Diao Mei , Li Long 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionInflammation is closely associated with tumor development and patient prognosis. The objective of this study is to assess the prognostic value of the preoperative inflammatory indexes in pediatric hepatoblastoma patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical and pathological data of 199 hepatoblastoma patients who underwent hepatectomy with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy from January 2015 to June 2020. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in predicting OS and EFS. Patients were grouped based on optimal cutoff values of preoperative inflammatory indexes. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival outcomes were compared between groups using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors, and a nomogram was constructed using R software to predict the probability of OS.ResultsThe receiver operating characteristic curve showed prognostic value for OS, not EFS, in preoperative inflammatory indexes. Patients were categorized into low/high groups: SII ≤ 266.70/higher, NLR ≤ 1.24/higher, PLR ≤ 85.25/higher, and SIRI ≤ 0.72/higher. High NLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI groups had significantly lower 5-year OS than their low counterparts (all p-value &lt; 0.05). The Cox analysis identified four independent prognostic factors: SIRI (HR=2.997, 95% CI: 1.119-8.031), microvascular invasion (HR=2.556, 95% CI: 1.14-5.73), the post-treatment extent of disease (POSTTEXT) staging (IV vs. I: HR=244.204, 95% CI:11.306-5274.556), and alpha-fetoprotein (&gt;100 ng/ml: HR=0.11, 95% CI: 0.032-0.381) for hepatoblastoma patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. High SIRI group had more patients with adverse NLR, SII, and POSTTEXT III (all p-value &lt; 0.05). Independent prognostic factors led to an OS nomogram with a concordance index of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.91, p-value = 1.43e-27) and the calibration curve showed a good fit between the prediction curve and the true curve.ConclusionsSIRI is an independent prognostic factor of hepatoblastoma patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The OS nomogram based on SIRI, POSTTEXT staging, MiVI, and AFP can be used to assess the prognosis of those patients.
Clinicopathological and molecular analysis of microsatellite instability in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study in China
Authors: Zhang Huizhi , Yang Xiaoqun , Xie Jialing , Cheng Xiao , Chen Jiayi , Shen Miaomiao , Ding Wenyi , Wang Suying , Zhang Zhe , Wang Chaofu , Zhao Ming 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundMicrosatellite instability (MSI), or mismatch repair-deficiency (dMMR), is rare in prostate cancers (PCas). The histological and molecular features of PCas with MSI/dMMR are incompletely described. Thus, we sought to identify the characteristics of PCas with MSI/dMMR.Methods and resultsWe analyzed 1,141 primary treatment-naive PCas by MMR-related protein immunohistochemistry (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6). We identified eight cases exhibiting MSI/dMMR (0.7%, 8/1141). Of these, six tumors had both MSH2 and MSH6 protein loss, one had both MLH1 and PMS2 protein loss, and one had only MSH6 loss. Histologically, MSI/dMMR-PCas frequently demonstrated high histological grade (Grade Group 4 or 5), ductal/intraductal histology (6/8 cases), pleomorphic giant-cell features (4/8 cases), and conspicuous tumor lymphocytic infiltration (8/8 cases). Polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of seven MSI/dMMR tumors revealed two MSI-H tumors with loss of both MSH2 and MSH6 proteins. Subsequently, the seven cases underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis with a highly validated targeted panel; four were MSI. All cases had a high tumor mutation burden (median: 45.3 mutations/Mb). Overall, the MSI/dMMR-PCas showed a high frequency of DNA damage-repair pathway gene changes, including five with pathogenic somatic or germline MMR gene mutations. Activating mutations in the MAPK pathway, PI3K pathway, and WNT/β-catenin pathway were common. TMPRSS2::ERG rearrangement was identified in one case (1/7, 14.3%).ConclusionsSeveral pathological features are associated with MSI/dMMR in PCas. Identification of these features may help to select patients for genetic screening. As MSI/dMMR-PCas are enriched for actionable mutations, patients should be offered NGS to guide standard-of-care treatment.
6-Gingerol alleviates placental injury in preeclampsia by inhibiting oxidative stress via BNIP3/LC3 signaling-mediated trophoblast mitophagy
Authors: Li Anna , Zhao Man , Yang Zexin , Fang Zhenya , Qi Weiyi , Zhang Changqing , Zhou Meijuan , Guo Junjun , Li Shuxian , Wang Xietong , Zhang Meihua 
Published: October 2023

Background and aims: Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis of trophoblast cells induced by oxidative stress is a principal reason of placental injury in PE. 6-Gingerol, an antioxidant from ginger, plays an important role in many disease models, but its effect on obstetric diseases has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of 6-gingerol against placental injury.Methods:In vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model of HTR8/Svneo cells and preeclamptic mice model were established to simulate PE. The effects of 6-Gingerol on PE were evaluated by morphological detection, biochemical analysis, and Western blot.Results: We found that H/R treatment induced cell apoptosis, increased the production of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased superoxide dismutase in trophoblast. In addition, the polarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and the cellular calcium flux were also destroyed under H/R condition, which also activated BCL2-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) and provoked excessive mitophagy. Importantly, 6-Gingerol reversed these corrosive effects. Furthermore, the placenta damage in PE-like mouse caused by the cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitophagy was mitigated by 6-Gingerol.Conclusion: These findings suggest that 6-Gingerol exerts a protective effect against placental injury in PE by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting excessive mitophagy caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
Suicidal ideation, burnout, and their correlation among health care workers at the end of the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alborz Province, Iran
Authors: Badrfam Rahim , Zandifar Atefeh , Mohammadian Khonsari Nami , Qorbani Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, Health Care Workers (HCWs) were more vulnerable than ever to Burnout and Suicidal thoughts due to stressful work conditions. This study, investigated the level of Burnout and Suicidal thoughts among HCWs during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Alborz Province in Iran and compared it with the conditions at the beginning of the pandemic.MethodsA total of 305 HCWs from 3 referral hospitals for COVID-19, including 155 men and 150 women, participated in the study. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of HCWs dealing with COVID-19 patients using the available sampling method. The results of this online survey, which was conducted from June 7 to July 5, 2021 (at the end of the Fourth Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran), have been compared with the conditions of the First Wave of the Pandemic (from February 24 to April 27, 2020). The participants were evaluated by the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideations (BSSI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 36.34 ± 7.37. The means of Suicide Index (SI), Emotional Exhaustion (EE), Depersonalization (DP), and Personal Accomplishment (PA) scores were 0.76 ± 1.74, 19.94 ± 4.69, 4.92 ± 1.51, and 31.30 ± 5.88, respectively. SI and PA were significantly higher in workers other than nurses and physicians and EE was higher among workers with night shifts (p value&lt;0.05 in all indices). Age had a significant and negative correlation with EE (p value&lt;0.01) and DP (p value&lt;0.05) and a significant and positive correlation with PA (p value&lt;0.01).ConclusionThis study showed a high level of SI and Burnout indices among HCWs in the fourth wave of the pandemic in Iran. Paying attention to the factors affecting the development of social capital and creating health policy changes may be effective in reducing Burnout indices and high Suicide index among HCWs.
Exploring the feasibility of a mental health application (JoyPopTM) for Indigenous youth
Authors: Au-Yeung Allison , Marfatia Daksha , Beers Kamryn , General Daogyehneh Amanda , McQueen Kahontiyoha Cynthia Denise , Martin-Hill Dawn , Wekerle Christine , Green Tehota'kerá:ton Jeremy ,   The Six Nations Youth Mental Wellness Committee
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a resilience-focused mobile application, JoyPop™, for use with Indigenous youth.MethodsA Haudenosaunee community-based research advisory committee co-developed the research project, in accordance with OCAP™ principles. Adopting a mixed-method approach, five youths from an immersion school used the JoyPop™ app for four consecutive weeks, as well as completed pre-test questions and weekly usage surveys. Most participants also completed post-test questions and a semi-structured interview. Based on a semi-structured interview protocol, youth responded to questions, and the most common themes were categorized to capture the experience of using the app.ResultsAll youth reported a positive impression, used the app daily, found it easy to navigate, and indicated that they would recommend it to a friend. All features were uniformly positively endorsed. There were features that youth used most often (Deep Breathing, “SquareMoves” game, and Art features) and moderately (Rate My Mood, Journaling, and SleepEase). The social connection feature, Circle of Trust, was least utilized, with youth reporting a preference for in-person problem-solving. The drop-down menu of crisis helplines was not used. Youth recommended more gaming options. In terms of cultural resonance, appreciation for the app's use of water sounds in the SleepEase feature was expressed, as was cultural consistency with the “Good Mind” perspective. Recommendations included additional nature sounds, Indigenous design elements, the inclusion of Native language words, and traditional stories.DiscussionThe JoyPop™ app was positively received by Six Nations youth, and ways to ensure its cultural appropriateness were identified. Moving forward, it is recommended that Indigenous designers create a new version with community design co-creation. Additional research with various groups of Indigenous youth is warranted as a pan-Indigenous approach is not recommended.
Implementing smoking cessation in routine primary care—a qualitative study
Authors: Dannapfel Petra , Bendtsen Preben , Bendtsen Marcus , Thomas Kristin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe use of digital tools has been proposed as a solution to some of the challenges of providing preventative services in primary care. Although there is a general acceptance among patients to use digital self-help tools to quit smoking, and healthcare organizations are increasingly urged to incorporate these tools in clinical practice, it is unclear how and for whom these innovations can be incorporated into clinical practice.ObjectivesTo explore health care professionals' perceptions about smoking cessation practice in routine primary care and the use of digital tools in this work.MethodsA qualitative study with nine in-depth telephone interviews with health care professionals working in primary care in Sweden. Convenience sampling and snowball technique was used as recruitment strategy. Informants included registered, district and auxiliary nurses as well as behavioral therapists. All informants were female, between 43 and 57 years old and experience of working with smoking cessation in primary care and possibility to recommend digital interventions to smokers.ResultsInformants described smoking cessation practice in primary care as (i) identifying smoking patients, (ii) pursuing standardized routines for smoking cessation practice and (iii) keeping smoking cessation practice on the agenda. Digital tools were described by informants to be used in different ways: (i) replicating practice, (ii) complementing practice and (iii) enabling access to health care practitioners. Finally, the analysis showed that patients' expectations and behaviors contributed to how and when smoking cessation practice was conducted, including the use of digital tools.ConclusionsImplementing smoking cessation practice in primary care in Sweden encompass continuous work of reaching smoking patients, building buy-in among peers and keeping tobacco on the practice agenda. Digital interventions are used to replicate, complement and enabling access to care. The findings suggest that poor continuity of staff and negative attitudes towards preventative work may challenge smoking cessation practice. However, societal changes in the awareness of the health risks of tobacco use including shifting social norms regarding the acceptance of smoking may contribute to a normalization of speaking about smoking in primary care practice. Increased knowledge is needed on how, and for whom digital tools can be incorporated in clinical practice.
Assessment of Donor Derived Cell Free DNA (dd-cfDNA) at Surveillance and at Clinical Suspicion of Acute Rejection in Renal Transplantation
Authors: Mantios Evangelos , Filiopoulos Vassilis , Constantoulakis Pantelis , Liapis George , Vittoraki Angeliki , Casas Silvia , Marinaki Smaragdi , Boletis John N 
Published: October 2023

In our prospective, unicenter cohort study, we collected blood samples from 30 newly kidney transplanted patients, at month 1, 2, 3, and 5 for dd-cfDNA analysis, along with creatinine/eGFR and DSA monitoring, and from 32 patients who underwent an indication biopsy and whose dd-cfDNA levels were measured at the time of biopsy and 1 month afterwards. Fourteen of 32 (43.8%) patients in the biopsy group were diagnosed with TCMR and 5 of 32 (15.6%) with ABMR. Dd-cfDNA proved to be better than creatinine in diagnosing rejection from non-rejection in patients who were biopsied. When a dd-cfDNA threshold of 0.5% was chosen, sensitivity was 73.7% and specificity was 92.3% (AUC: 0.804, 0.646–0.961). In rejection patients, levels of dd-cfDNA prior to biopsy (0.94%, 0.3–2.0) decreased substantially after initiation of treatment with median returning to baseline already at 1 month (0.33%, 0.21–0.51, p = 0.0036). In the surveillance group, high levels of dd-cfDNA (&gt;0.5%) from second month post-transplantation were correlated with non-increasing eGFR 1 year post-transplantation. The study used AlloSeq kit for kidney transplant surveillance for first time and confirmed dd-cfDNA’s ability to detect rejection and monitor treatment, as well as to predict worse long-term outcomes regarding eGFR.
A Video Game to Help the Fight Against the Vicious Tapeworm in Africa
Authors: Trevisan Chiara , Joris Merel , Ercos Feyza , Mwape Kabemba Evans , Gabriël Sarah 
Published: October 2023

The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is the agent causing the most important parasitic infection worldwide due to its substantial economic and health impacts, disproportionally affecting low-income countries. Health education should form a core component in control efforts and sustain control strategies proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), such as human treatments. Traditional health education methods have shown to be less effective. Therefore, in the field of tropical medicine, new, engaging ways to teach affected populations are needed. Within the project ‘Gaming 4 Health’ we developed an educational video game aimed at instructing school-going children in low-income countries about the tapeworm and how to prevent it. Building on the principles of gamified learning and the self-determination theory, we created the educational video game the ‘Tapeworm game’. The game was developed by a multidisciplinary team, following the game design research cycle which included five steps: game planning, game design, prototyping, play testing and evaluation. The Tapeworm game is a multi-player video game set in an African village. The game’s objective is to educate players about the tapeworm and how to prevent the the spread of disease. Players create their own avatar and learn about disease prevention by exploring the village, engaging in minigames and preforming complementary actions, such as washing hands and visiting the toilet. Points are earned by playing the minigames and performing the actions correctly within a given time. The more points a player accumulates, the higher they climb on the leader boards. Rewards are unlocked based on performance and competence and displayed as stars, badges, and avatar customizations. This makes the game exiting and keeps children fully immersed, motivating them to learn, improve and continue playing the videogame. With this videogame our goal is to educate, raise awareness and advance the control of the pork tapeworm as part of the WHO’s 2030 goals for Neglected Tropical Diseases.
МІКРОКВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ В ОСВІТІ ДОРОСЛИХ
Authors: Ковтунець Володимир , Мельник Сергій 
Published: October 2023

Висвітлено національний і міжнародний досвід використання технології мікрокваліфікацій для освіти дорослих. Розглянуто історію появи мікрокваліфікацій в університетах у формі «значків» (badges) як доповнення до курсу формального навчання з метою кращої підготовки випускників до роботи на робочих місцях. Описано досвід підготовки в Україні членів виборчих комісій який ваідповідає технології мікрокваліфікацій. Наведено приклади дистанційного навчання в Україні, які за організацією відповідають мікрокваліфікаціям. Обґрунтовано доцільність визнання й правового регулювання мікрокваліфікацій в Україні, зокрема, для організації регулярної освіти дорослих. Детально проаналізовано Рекомендації Ради Європейського Союзу з питань мікрокваліфікацій, зокрема визначення мікрокваліфікацій, визначення провайдера (надавача послуг з) мікрокваліфікацій. На основі означених Рекомендацій обгрунтовано неодхідність легалізації і запровадження мікрокваліфікацій в Україні на засадах мінімального адміністративного регулювання. Наголошено на доцільності передбачення можливості надання мікрокваліфікацій у Законах України «Про освіту» та «Про освіту дорослих». Доведено необхідність більш детального регулювання на цьому етапі шляхом прийняття Постанови Кабінету Міністрів України. Запропоновано заявний порядок надання права навчання й присвоєння мікрокваліфікацій. Для забезпечення принципів якості та прозорості, базових у Рекомендаціях, запропоновано включати заявлені мікрокваліфікації окремим підрозділом до Реєстру кваліфікацій. Як елемент завнішньої системи забезпечення якості має працювати право розпорядника Реєстру виключати мікрокваліфікацію з Реєстру у разі встановлення фактів, що здобуті результати навчання не відповідають заявленим у мікрокваліфікації. Пропонується унормувати структуру опису мікрокваліфікацій і структуру документа про здобуття мікрокваліфікації. Відомості про документи про здобуття мікрокваліфікацій також мають бути включені до Реєстру, якщо мікрокваліфікація включена до Реєстру. Обґрунтовано доцільність забезпечення зіставлення мікрокваліфікацій з рівнями Національної рамки кваліфікацій.
Ключові слова: мікрокваліфікація; освіта дорослих; вища освіта; професійна освіта; надавач послуг; Реєстр кваліфікацій.
Optimization of thin-film formation of naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide derivatives with head and tail structure and application to transistors
Authors: Fukuda Naoki , Achiha Shunsuke , Ichikawa Musubu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Herein, we characterized vacuum-evaporated thin-films of several new naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide derivatives (C12-NTCDI-R) as n-type organic thin-film transistor (TFT) materials. They have head and tail structure with dodecyl chain and phenylalkyl (benzyl or phenylethyl) groups. By introducing fluorine groups into the phenylalkyl groups, the electron transport properties were enhanced. In addition, modifying the substrate surfaces with a fluorine-rich polymer material and annealing at the appropriate temperature allowed the TFT devices with C12-NTCDI-F2Bn (R = 3,5-difluorobenzyl) to reach a maximum electron mobility (μ
e) of 0.11 cm2 V−1 s−1. Furthermore, the alteration of the number of methylene carbons in the side chain of phenylalkyl groups in C12-NTCDI-R (namely, phenylethyl was used as R) affected the thermal behavior of their molecules during the thin-film formation. For the TFT device with C12-NTCDI-PhEt (R = phenylethyl), the μ
e reached the maximum value of 0.16 cm2 V−1 s−1 by just surface modification, without annealing.
Density functional theory study on the interaction of C60 fullerene with PCBM
Authors: Abe Shigeaki , Tachikawa Hiroto , Iyama Tetsuji , Safaee Sirus , Nesabi Mahdis , Valanezhad Alireza , Watanabe Ikuya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Functionalized fullerenes are known as high-performance molecules. Herein, the interaction of C60 fullerene with Phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl-ester (PCBM) is investigated by means of density functional theory method to elucidate the structures and electronic states of C60-PCMB complexes. C60-PCBM blends are typically used in solar cell. Studying the electronic structure of C60-PCBM is important for elucidating the mechanism of solar cells. The intermolecular distances for C60 and PCBM dimers were calculated to be 3.70 and 2.34 Å, respectively. In C60 dimer, the five membered ring of C60 interacted with the six membered ring of neighbour C60. Two hydrogen bonds between side chains of PCBM are connected in the PCBM dimer. The binding energies were 1.4 kcal mol−1 (C60 dimer) and 2.6 kcal mol−1 (PCBM dimer). In the C60-PCBM complex, five different structures were found to be stable. The binding energies were distributed in the range 1.6–3.7 kcal mol−1. The electronic states and excitation energies of C60-PCBM complexes and the basis set superposition error were discussed on theoretical results.
New equations to calculate carrier recombination lifetime of silicon epitaxial layer, based on open circuit voltage decay method
Authors: Sasaki Shun , Mitsugi Noritomo , Samata Shuichi , Manabe Wataru , Gollapudi Srikanth , Tsukuda Masanori , Omura Ichiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
New equations for recombination lifetime calculation based on the open circuit voltage decay (OCVD) method were proposed. The new equations can yield accurate recombination lifetime values of the i-layer of PiN diodes in which a silicon epitaxial layer is employed, by eliminating the effects of carrier diffusion into p+ and n+ layers from the i-layer of PiN diodes, carrier injection into the i-layers from the depletion layer of PiN diodes, and surface recombination on the side wall of PiN diodes. To verify the effectiveness of the new equations, OCVD measurements were performed by employing technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation and actual PiN diodes. Although the calculated values implied the effect of epitaxial layer thickness, they were consistent with the results obtained under assumed lifetime conditions for TCAD simulation, the theory of recombination lifetime, and results in other reports.