bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of a tryptophan metabolism-related model in the prognostic prediction and immune status for clear cell renal carcinoma
Authors: Yao Qinfan , Zhang Xiuyuan , Wang Yucheng , Wang Cuili , Wei Chunchun , Chen Jianghua , Chen Dajin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized as one of the most common types of urological cancer with high degrees of malignancy and mortality. Due to the limited effectiveness of existing traditional therapeutic methods and poor prognosis, the treatment and therapy of advanced ccRCC patients remain challenging. Tryptophan metabolism has been widely investigated because it significantly participates in the malignant traits of multiple cancers. The functions and prognostic values of tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TMR) in ccRCC remain virtually obscure.

Methods
We employed the expression levels of 40 TMR genes to identify the subtypes of ccRCC and explored the clinical characteristics, prognosis, immune features, and immunotherapy response in the subtypes. Then, a model was constructed for the prediction of prognosis based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the subtypes from the TCGA database and verified using the ICGC database. The prediction performance of this model was confirmed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The relationship of Risk Score with the infiltration of distinct tumor microenvironment cells, the expression profiles of immune checkpoint genes, and the treatment benefits of immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs were also investigated.

Results
The two subtypes revealed dramatic differences in terms of clinical characteristics, prognosis, immune features, and immunotherapy response. The constructed 6-gene-based model showed that the high Risk Score was significantly connected to poor overall survival (OS) and advanced tumor stages. Furthermore, increased expression of CYP1B1, KMO, and TDO2 was observed in ccRCC tissues at the translation levels, and an unfavorable prognosis for these patients was also found.

Conclusion
We identified 2 molecular subtypes of ccRCC based on the expression of TMR genes and constructed a prognosis-related model that may be used as a powerful tool to guide the prediction of ccRCC prognosis and personalized therapy. In addition, CYP1B1, KMO, and TDO2 can be regarded as the risk prognostic genes for ccRCC.
Biological and glucocorticoids treatment impair the medium-term immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases
Authors: Garcia-Cirera Silvia , Calvet Joan , Delgado de la Poza Juan Francisco , Berenguer-Llergo Antoni , Orellana Cristóbal , Rusiñol Menna , Llop Maria , Arévalo Marta , Garcia-Pinilla Alba , Costa Ester , Aymerich Cristina , Gómez Rafael , Carreras Anna , Gratacós Jordi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to assess the sustained immunological response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRD) undergoing different treatment regimens.

Methods
We conducted a prospective observational study involving 157 AIRD patients without prior COVID-19 infection. Treatment regimens included non-treatment or glucocorticoid-only (not-treated/GCs), non-biological drugs, biological therapy, and JAK inhibitors. All participants completed the two-dose vaccine schedule, and 110 of them received an additional booster dose. Serum samples were collected approximately 3–6 months after the second and third vaccine doses to measure antibodies against the Spike protein (antiS-AB) and neutralizing antibodies (nAB) targeting six SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Results
Following the third dose, all patients exhibited a significant increase in antiS-AB (FC = 15, p < 0.0001). Patients under biological therapy had lower titres compared to the non-biological (66% decrease, p = 0.038) and the not-treated/GCs group (62% decrease, p = 0.0132), with the latter persisting after the booster dose (86% decrease, p = 0.0027). GC use was associated with lower antiS-AB levels in the biological group (87% decrease, p = 0.0124), although not statistically significant after confounders adjustment. nABs showed the highest positivity rates for the wild-type strain before (50%) and after the booster dose (93%), while the Omicron variant exhibited the lowest rates (11% and 55%, respectively). All variants demonstrated similar positivity patterns and good concordance with antiS-AB (AUCs from 0.896 to 0.997).

Conclusions
The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster strategy effectively elicited a sustained antibody immune response in AIRD patients. However, patients under biological therapies exhibited a reduced response to the booster dose, particularly when combined with GCs.
Radiopharmaceuticals: navigating the frontier of precision medicine and therapeutic innovation
Authors: Dhoundiyal Shivang , Srivastava Shriyansh , Kumar Sachin , Singh Gaaminepreet , Ashique Sumel , Pal Radheshyam , Mishra Neeraj , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farzad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis review article explores the dynamic field of radiopharmaceuticals, where innovative developments arise from combining radioisotopes and pharmaceuticals, opening up exciting therapeutic possibilities. The in-depth exploration covers targeted drug delivery, delving into passive targeting through enhanced permeability and retention, as well as active targeting using ligand-receptor strategies. The article also discusses stimulus-responsive release systems, which orchestrate controlled release, enhancing precision and therapeutic effectiveness. A significant focus is placed on the crucial role of radiopharmaceuticals in medical imaging and theranostics, highlighting their contribution to diagnostic accuracy and image-guided curative interventions. The review emphasizes safety considerations and strategies for mitigating side effects, providing valuable insights into addressing challenges and achieving precise drug delivery. Looking ahead, the article discusses nanoparticle formulations as cutting-edge innovations in next-generation radiopharmaceuticals, showcasing their potential applications. Real-world examples are presented through case studies, including the use of radiolabelled antibodies for solid tumors, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumors, and the intricate management of bone metastases. The concluding perspective envisions the future trajectory of radiopharmaceuticals, anticipating a harmonious integration of precision medicine and artificial intelligence. This vision foresees an era where therapeutic precision aligns seamlessly with scientific advancements, ushering in a new epoch marked by the fusion of therapeutic resonance and visionary progress.
Graphical Abstract
In-between centers and suburbs? Increasing differentials in recent demographic dynamics of Italian metropolitan cities
Authors: Buonomo Alessio , Benassi Federico , Gallo Gerardo , Salvati Luca , Strozza Salvatore 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVerifying the intrinsic stability of demographic processes over time and space is a pivotal task from both science and policy perspectives. Compared with other regions of the old continent, a latent peculiarity of demographic systems in Southern Europe is their persistent heterogeneity over space, especially observed across metropolitan regions. ‘Centers’ and ‘peripheries’ are thus becoming representative of, respectively, territories undergoing demographic growth and decline. The former corresponds to urban areas, being attractive for different population segments. The present study illustrates the results of a statistical analysis of total population data over time (2011–2020) and its decomposition in natural increase and net migration rates in 14 metropolitan cities of Italy. Assuming that central and peripheral (e.g., suburbs) locations show differential trends of natural increase and net migration, our analysis verifies whether (i) central locations behave homogeneously in terms of population dynamics, and whether (ii) a North–South gradient holds. Results indicate how (metropolitan) demographic patterns no longer reflect a traditional gap between Northern and Southern regions, while outlining a subtler divide in growing and declining contexts. The few still-growing metropolitan areas were all located in North-Central Italy, and reflect more polarized socioeconomic contexts than in the past. Internal migration was likely the most powerful factor that discriminates growing from declining cities. Such evidence indicates that strengthening the self-restraining capacity of Southern Italian territories contributes to increase their attractiveness of international migration flows, counteracting demographic shrinkage.
Serum soluble toll-like receptor 4 and risk for clinical severity in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Houssen Maha E. , Elmaria Marwa O. , Badr Dina , El-Mahdy Rasha , Ghannam Mayada A. , El-Ashwah Shaimaa , Denewer May , Mortada Metwaly Ibrahim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling mediates sustained systemic inflammation in(COVID)-19 patients. We aimed to assess the serum levels of sTLR4 and sCD14 as negative regulators of Toll like receptor signaling and their association with laboratory markers and clinical severity in covid 19 patients. Ninety-eight patients with COVID-19 (70 severe and 28 non-severe) were enrolled in the study. Serum sCD14 andsTLR4were determined by ELISA. A significant increase in serum sTLR4 and sCD14 levels was detected in severe compared to non severe COVID19 patients.Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed significant diagnostic potential of serum sTLR4 and sCD14 in covid19 patients.We conclude that Serum sTLR4 and sCD14 may be promising clinical severity markers for COVID19 patients.
Exploration of tumor growth regression of quinoa and chia oil nanocapsules via the control of PIK3CA and MYC expression, anti-inflammation and cell proliferation inhibition, and their hepatorenal safety in rat breast cancer model
Authors: El makawy Aida I. , Abdel-Aziem Sekena H. , Mohammed Shaimaa E. , Ibrahim Faten M. , Abd EL-Kader Heba A. , Sharaf Hafiza A. , Youssef Dalia A. , Mabrouk Dalia M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The second most common cancer in the world is breast cancer. Chemotherapy is used to treat breast cancer, but instances of multidrug resistance, targets that are not selective, and physicochemical issues raise doubts about its efficacy. So, the exploration of chemopreventive agents from efficient natural sources has been required. The chia and quinoa seeds have health-promoting activities that include cardio-protective, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects. Given the paramount importance of their oils and their potential bioactivities, this work aimed to assess the repressive effect of their oil nanocapsules against mammary tumors in rats. Rat models of chemically induced mammary tumors were gavaged with chia and quinoa nanocapsules for one month. The repressive effect of nanocapsules was studied by quantifying TNF-α, assessing the gene expression of proto-oncogenes (PIK3CA and MYC) using qRT-PCR, and analyzing the cell cycle in mammary tissue.

Results
The studies clarified that the inhibition of tumors in response to quinoa and chia nanocapsules was associated with a reduction in TNF-α levels, proliferation capability, and motivation for apoptosis. Furthermore, quinoa and chia nanocapsule management repressed the activation of the MYC and PIK3CA genes. As well as nanocapsules modulated the liver enzymes and kidney function alterations induced in mammary tumor animals. Meanwhile, both oils' nanocapsules do not have an impact on the liver and kidneys of healthy rats.

Conclusions
The findings indicate that quinoa and chia nanocapsules are safe and can reduce tumor growth, suggesting a potential natural therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
Antioxidant capacity of sesamol in Caenorhabditis elegans model system
Authors: Huang Jinian , Qi Shuning , Sun Qiang , Song Guohui , Tang Jixing , Duan Yuquan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSenescence is a general and irreversible process which depends on both inherent (free radical and age) and external (Ultraviolet irradiation) factors. Antioxidants and other natural compounds like plant and plant products are widespread use for their medicinal and therapeutic values. The present study focuses on the role of sesamol which has been used to delay the effects of photoaging using model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegan) by measuring the longest life, average life, reproductive capacity, and the variation of reactive oxygen of C. elegans under different stress conditions. The result showed that 200 µg·mL−1 sesamol significantly extended the life of C. elegans, that is, the mean lifespan of the treatment groups were 43.3% longer than control group. Meanwhile, sesamol significantly prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans under heat stress, ultraviolet irradiation stress, and oxidative stress. Above all, sesamol could be used as potential antioxidant compounds which will be of greater significance for health-based research.

Graphical Abstract
Use of implementation mapping in the planning of a hybrid type 1 pragmatic clinical trial: the BeatPain Utah study
Authors: Fritz Julie M. , Gibson Bryan , Wetter David W. , Del Fiol Guilherme , Solis Victor , Ford Isaac , Lundberg Kelly , Thackeray Anne 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Considerable disparities in chronic pain management have been identified. Persons in rural, lower income, and minoritized communities are less likely to receive evidence-based, nonpharmacologic care. Telehealth delivery of nonpharmacologic, evidence-based interventions for persons with chronic pain is a promising strategy to lessen disparities, but implementation comes with many challenges. The BeatPain Utah study is a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation pragmatic clinical trial investigating telehealth strategies to provide nonpharmacologic care from physical therapists to persons with chronic back pain receiving care in ommunity health centers (CHCs). CHCs provide primary care to all persons regardless of ability to pay. This paper outlines the use of implementation mapping to develop a multifaceted implementation plan for the BeatPain study.

Methods
During a planning year for the BeatPain trial, we developed a comprehensive logic model including the five-step implementation mapping process informed by additional frameworks and theories. The five iterative implementation mapping steps were addressed in the planning year: (1) conduct needs assessments for involved groups; (2) identify implementation outcomes, performance objectives, and determinants; (3) select implementation strategies; (4) produce implementation protocols and materials; and (5) evaluate implementation outcomes.

Results
CHC leadership/providers, patients, and physical therapists were identified as involved groups. Barriers and assets were identified across groups which informed identification of performance objectives necessary to implement two key processes: (1) electronic referral of patients with back pain in CHC clinics to the BeatPain team and (2) connecting patients with physical therapists providing telehealth. Determinants of the performance objectives for each group informed our choice of implementation strategies which focused on training, education, clinician support, and tailoring physical therapy interventions for telehealth delivery and cultural competency. We selected implementation outcomes for the BeatPain trial to evaluate the success of our implementation strategies.

Conclusions
Implementation mapping provided a comprehensive and systematic approach to develop an implementation plan during the planning phase for our ongoing hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. We will be able to evaluate the implementation strategies used in the BeatPain Utah study to inform future efforts to implement telehealth delivery of evidence-based pain care in CHCs and other settings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04923334. Registered June 11, 2021.
A hybrid approach for fatigue assessment of reinforced concrete bridge deck considering realistic bridge-traffic interaction
Authors: Zhou Yufen , Chen Suren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReinforced concrete (RC) bridge decks are directly exposed to daily traffic loads and often experience surface cracking caused by excessive stress or fatigue accumulation. The bridge deck fatigue performance over traffic loads needs to be assessed based on accurate dynamic interaction analysis of the bridge and realistic moving vehicles. Most of existing studies on fatigue assessment focus on either the bridge global response without sufficient details about the bridge deck, or refined bridge deck modeling without considering the full dynamic interaction between moving traffic and the bridge structure realistically. A hybrid fatigue assessment approach is developed by combining mode-based global bridge-traffic dynamic interaction analysis, finite-element (FE)-based refined bridge deck model, and fatigue assessment method directly based on the vehicle loads and shear strength of the bridge deck. The proposed approach is demonstrated with a typical 3-span concrete bridge under realistic traffic and road surface conditions. Based on the dynamic interaction and stress analysis results, the fatigue damage factor is further investigated with different road surface roughness levels and heavy truck proportions. It is found that the proposed analytical approach provides a useful tool to predict the bridge deck response and potential fatigue damage under realistic traffic flow.
Bringing together the World Health Organization's QualityRights initiative and the World Psychiatric Association's programme on implementing alternatives to coercion in mental healthcare: a common goal for action
Authors: Gill Neeraj , Drew Natalie , Rodrigues Maria , Muhsen Hassan , Morales Cano Guadalupe , Savage Martha , Pathare Soumitra , Allan John , Galderisi Silvana , Javed Afzal , Herrman Helen , Funk Michelle 
Published: January 2024

Background
Stakeholders worldwide increasingly acknowledge the need to address coercive practices in mental healthcare. Options have been described and evaluated in several countries, as noted recently in major policy documents from the World Health Organization (WHO) and World Psychiatric Association (WPA). The WHO's QualityRights initiative promotes human rights and quality of care for persons with mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities. A position statement from the WPA calls for implementation of alternatives to coercion in mental healthcare.

Aims
We describe the engagement of both the WHO and WPA in this work. We discuss their mutual aim to support countries in improving human rights and quality of care, as well as the differences between these two organisations in their stated goals related to coercion in mental healthcare: the WHO's approach to eliminate coercion and the WPA's goal to implement alternatives to coercion.

Method
We outline and critically analyse the common ground between the two organisations, which endorse a similar range of rights-based approaches to promoting non-coercive practices in service provision, including early intervention in prevention and care and other policy and practice changes.

Results
Advocacy and action based on an agreed need to find practical solutions and advances in this area have the power to build consensus and unify key actors.

Conclusions
We conclude that persons with lived experience, families, mental health professionals and policy makers are now coming together in several parts of the world to work toward the common goals of improving quality, promoting human rights and addressing coercion in mental health services.
The high cost of care and limited evidence on cost-effective strategies for Lewy body dementia: systematic review of evidence
Authors: Boland Erin , Fitzpatrick Rachel , Ryan Dearbhail , Kane Joseph , Betzhold Sara , Leroi Iracema , Kinchin Irina 
Published: January 2024

Background
Lewy body dementia (LBD) is a prevalent yet frequently underdiagnosed form of dementia, accounting for up to 15% of all dementia cases.

Aims
This study aims to increase awareness and advocacy for LBD by gathering and critically assessing the economic evidence, including the cost of illness and cost-effectiveness of interventions for managing LBD.

Method
A systematic literature review was undertaken with EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, NHS Economic Evaluation Database and EconLit. This search was supplemented by grey literature on Google Scholar and reviewing the reference lists of identified studies. The papers included in the review were published between 2008 and 2023, and involved participants with LBD (dementia with Lewy bodies or Parkinson's disease dementia), which either addressed the cost of illness or conducted an economic evaluation.

Results
Thirteen papers were included, comprising ten cost-of-illness studies and three economic evaluations. The cost of LBD tends to be higher than that of other forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, and these costs escalate more steeply as the disease progresses. These cost differences may not be solely influenced by the subtype of dementia, but possibly also by patient characteristics like physical and cognitive abilities. Cost-effectiveness of potential interventions for LBD is limited.

Conclusions
Despite numerous drug trials and other interventions for dementia, very few have targeted LBD, let alone explored the cost-effectiveness of such therapies for LBD. This disparity highlights the urgent need for cost-effective strategies and interventions targeting LBD. We propose the establishment of universally accepted standards for LBD research.
North Korean defectors with PTSD and complex PTSD show alterations in default mode network resting-state functional connectivity
Authors: Kim Byung-Hoon , Baek Jiwon , Kim Ocksim , Kim Hokon , Ko Minjeong , Chu Sang Hui , Jung Young-Chul 
Published: January 2024

Background
North Korean defectors (NKDs) have often been exposed to traumatic events. However, there have been few studies of neural alterations in NKDs with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (cPTSD).

Aims
To investigate neural alterations in NKDs with PTSD and cPTSD, with a specific focus on alterations in resting-state functional connectivity networks, including the default mode network (DMN).

Method
Resting-state functional connectivity was assessed using brain functional magnetic resonance imaging in three groups of NKDs: without PTSD, with PTSD and with cPTSD. Statistical tests were performed, including region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI and ROI-to-voxel analysis, followed by post hoc correlation analysis.

Results
In the ROI-to-ROI analysis, differences in functional connectivity were found among the components of the DMN, as well as in the thalamus and the basal ganglia. Right hippocampus–left pallidum and right amygdala–left lingual gyrus connectivity differed between groups in the ROI-to-voxel analysis, as did connectivity involving the basal ganglia. The post hoc analysis revealed negative correlations between Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS) score and left posterior cingulate cortex–right pallidum connectivity and between CAPS score and right putamen–left angular gyrus connectivity in the control group, which were not observed in other groups.

Conclusions
The results suggest that there are alterations in the functional connectivity of the DMN and the limbic system in NKDs with PTSD and cPTSD, and that these alterations involve the basal ganglia. The lower correlations of CAPS score with right basal ganglia–DMN functional connectivity in patients compared with controls further implies that these connectivities are potential targets for treatment of PTSD and cPTSD.