bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle Miocene volcanic flare up preceding and synchronous with the Langhian/Serravallian sea‐level decline in the North Pannonian Basin: Insights from 40Ar/39Ar dating, geo‐seismic analysis and 3D visualization of the subterranean Kráľová stratovolcano
Authors: Rybár Samuel , Šarinová Katarína , Jourdan Fred , Mayers Celia , Sliva Ľubomír 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Pannonian Basin System originated from the collision of the African and European tectonic plates, followed by the Miocene extensional collapse that led to the development of a back‐arc basins. Accurate dating is essential to comprehend the tectono‐volcanic evolution of the region, particularly in the under‐studied Danube Basin. Single‐grain 40Ar/39Ar dating has revealed that volcanic activity in the Danube Basin commenced around 14.1 million years ago, aligning with previous biostratigraphic and radioisotope data from nearby volcanic fields. The initial Middle Miocene pyroclastic deposits were generated by intermediate high K calc‐alkaline magmas, contributing significantly to the deposition of thick layers of fine vitric tuffs. The timing and chemistry of the volcanism are consistent with the Badenian rift phase in the Middle Miocene within the Carpathian–Pannonian region, suggesting an intraplate back‐arc volcanic environment. Three‐dimensional imaging has exposed the buried Kráľová stratovolcano, revealing its impressive scale with a thickness between 2620 and 5000 m and a base diameter of 18–30 km. Such dimensions place it among the ranks of the world's largest stratovolcanoes, indicating its substantial impact on the evolution of the Carpathian–Pannonian area. The complex formation history of the stratovolcano points to multiple phases of growth. Furthermore, the basin controlling Mojmírovce‐Rába fault's intersection with the stratovolcano implies that fault activity was subsequent to the volcanic activity, being younger than 14.1 million years. Regional age data consistently indicates that volcanic activity in the Danube Basin reached its zenith just prior to and during the lower/upper Badenian sea‐level fall (Langhian/Serravallian). K‐metasomatism is unique to the stratovolcanic structures and is not observed in the wider regional setting. This study supports the notion of an intricate, interconnected subterranean intrusive system within the stratovolcano, underscoring the complex interplay between geological structures and volcanic processes.
Treatment effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg on health‐related quality of life from STEP 1 SF‐6D derived from SF‐36 with Australian weights
Authors: Kral Pavol , Allen Felicity Liza , Larsen Sara , Holst‐Hansen Thomas , Olivieri Anamaria‐Vera , Manton Andrew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the comparative treatment effects of semaglutide 2.4 mg and placebo on health utility index scores [6‐dimension short‐form survey (SF‐6D)] with Australian weights in full analysis set (FAS) and in post‐hoc subgroups of the STEP 1 trial, defined according to different body mass index (BMI) cut‐off points and presence of comorbidities at baseline. The study also explored the correlation between baseline BMI and SF‐6D in the STEP 1 trial population.MethodsThe 36‐item SF survey (SF‐36) scores from STEP 1 were mapped to SF‐6D health states and converted to utility index scores using an Australian valuation algorithm. The change from baseline in SF‐6D utility score (95% confidence intervals) was compared between semaglutide 2.4 mg and placebo at week 68 using the mixed model for repeated measurements approach. The relationship between utility scores and BMI at baseline was assessed by multiple linear regression analyses, controlling for demographic and clinical parameters.ResultsThe estimated mean treatment difference in SF‐6D utility score favoured semaglutide 2.4 mg, and, at week 68, it was 0.057 (0.038‐0.076) for the FAS. A greater treatment effect was noted in subgroups with presence of symptomatic comorbidities, i.e. 0.077 (0.027‐0.128) to 0.105 (0.030‐0.179) at week 68. A 1‐unit increase in BMI was associated with a utility loss of 0.0075 (−0.0089 to −0.0062) for the FAS population, while controlling for demographic and clinical parameters.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study showing statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in SF‐6D utility scores with weight‐loss pharmacotherapy in Australia.
Left atrial volume index as a predictor for left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation receiving appropriate oral anticoagulation therapy: A prospective multi‐center study
Authors: Shiraki Hiroaki , Tsunamoto Hiroshi , Onishi Tetsuari , Mukai Jun , Shimoura Hiroyuki , Matsuzoe Hiroki , Soga Fumitaka , Imanishi Junichi , Yokota Shun , Sano Hiroyuki , Tanaka Yusuke , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Tanaka Hidekazu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe previously reported a higher left atrial volume index (LAVI) was independently associated with left atrial (LA) appendage (LAA) thrombus formation in 737 patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) receiving appropriate oral anticoagulation therapy. Since our previous study was a retrospective single‐center study, we designed and conducted a prospective multi‐center study to verify our findings for LAVI as a predictor of LAA thrombus in patients with NVAF receiving appropriate oral anticoagulation therapy.MethodsThis prospective multi‐center study comprised 746 consecutive patients with NVAF recruited between December 2021 and March 2023 from eight institutions in Japan, who were receiving appropriate oral anticoagulation therapy, had undergone transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).ResultsLAA thrombi were observed in 21 patients (2.8%). The prevalence of LAA thrombus formation in patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF) was significantly lower than that in patients with non‐PAF (0.7% vs. 4.1%, p = .006). LAA thrombus formation was detected in none (0/171) of the patients with normal size LA (LAVI ≤ 34 mL/m2). The prevalence of LAA thrombus formation in patients with mildly dilated LA (LAVI: 34–49.9 mL/m2) was 2.1% (6/283), but that in PAF patients was low at 1.0% (1/104). Furthermore, this prevalence in patients with severely dilated LA (LAVI ≥ 50 mL/m2) was high at 5.1% (15/292).ConclusionsThe findings of this prospective multi‐center study are consistent with those of our previous study. Thus, the need for TEE prior to catheter ablation or electrical cardioversion can be determined by the level of LAVI.
Droplet digital PCR for sensitive relapse detection in acute myeloid leukaemia patients transplanted by reduced intensity conditioning
Authors: Gronlund Jonas Kassow , Veigaard Christopher , Juhl‐Christensen Caroline , Skou Anne‐Sofie , Melsvik Dorte , Ommen Hans Beier 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionFollow‐up after allogeneic transplantation in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is guided by measurable residual disease (MRD) testing. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is the preferred MRD platform but unfortunately, 40%–60% of AML patients have no high‐quality qPCR target. This study aimed to improve MRD testing by utilising droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). ddPCR offers patient‐specific monitoring but concerns of tracking clonal haematopoiesis rather than malignant cells prompt further validation.MethodsRetrospectively, we performed MRD testing on blood and bone marrow samples from AML patients transplanted by reduced‐intensity conditioning.ResultsThe applicability of ddPCR was 39/42 (92.9%). Forty‐five ddPCR assays were validated with a 0.0089% median sensitivity. qPCR targeting NPM1 mutation detected relapse 46 days before ddPCR (p = .03). ddPCR detected relapse 34.5 days before qPCR targeting WT1 overexpression (p = .03). In non‐relapsing patients, zero false positive ddPCR MRD relapses were observed even when monitoring targets associated with clonal haematopoiesis such as DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1 mutations.ConclusionThese results confirm that qPCR targeting NPM1 mutations or fusion transcripts are superior in MRD testing. In the absence of such targets, ddPCR is a promising alternative demonstrating (a) high applicability, (b) high sensitivity, and (c) zero false positive MRD relapses in non‐relapsing patients.
Achievement and Growth on English Language Proficiency and Content Assessments for English Learners in Elementary Grades
Authors: Buzick Heather M. , Wolf Mikyung Kim , Ballard Laura 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnglish language proficiency (ELP) assessment scores are used by states to make high‐stakes decisions related to linguistic support in instruction and assessment for English learner (EL) students and for EL student reclassification. Changes to both academic content standards and ELP academic standards within the last decade have resulted in increased academic rigor and language demands. In this study, we explored the association between EL student performance over time on content (English language arts and mathematics) and ELP assessments, generally finding evidence of positive associations. Modeling the simultaneous association between changes over time in both content and ELP assessment performance contributes empirical evidence about the role of language in ELA and mathematics development and provides contextual information to serve as validity evidence for score inferences for EL students.
Trade‐offs of praise and criticism: Parents' responses to children's performance and children's resilience and depression
Authors: Li Weina , Song Youzhi , Zhou Zongkui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn contrast to cognitive outcomes, parental success‐oriented responses to children's performance enhanced the emotional well‐being of children. Conversely, parental failure‐oriented responses had the opposite impact. Thus, it remains unclear which response or combination of responses parents should employ to maximize their children's development. This research aimed to examine the combined effect of children's perceptions of parental success‐ and failure‐oriented responses on children's depression, with a focus on the mediating role of resilience. A total of 651 pupils (44.7% female, M
age = 10.31, range = 8–12) were investigated in China using polynomial regression and response surface analyses. Our findings suggest that when success‐ and failure‐oriented responses are congruent, failure‐oriented responses counteract the protective effect of success‐oriented responses against children's depression. The two equally matched responses demonstrated a curvilinear main effect on resilience, indicating that higher resilience was associated with the upper–middle range of the two responses. Moreover, children who reported more success‐oriented responses than failure‐oriented responses showed greater resilience and decreased depression. Resilience acted as a mediator for the combined effects of parental success and failure‐oriented responses on children's depression. The study addressed the parenting dilemma, specifically the trade‐off between success‐ and failure‐oriented responses in promoting children's optimal development.
Anthropogenic forcing leads to an abrupt shift to phytoplankton dominance in a shallow eutrophic lake
Authors: King Leighton , Devey Mark , Leavitt Peter R. , Power Mitchell J. , Brothers Soren , Brahney Janice 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The timing and causes of lake eutrophication are often obscured when multiple anthropogenic disturbances coincide in space and time. This issue is particularly problematic for shallow lakes in arid regions that experience strong climatic forcing which alters lake hydrology and water levels, and further conflates causal drivers.

We used Utah Lake (Utah, U.S.A.) as a model system to examine how natural hydrological variability and anthropogenic forcing influence ecosystem structure of large shallow lakes in arid climates. Paleolimnological analyses of sedimentary biogeochemistry, pigments, DNA, and morphological fossils were used to identify shifts in primary production and evaluate the relative influence of regional climate‐driven hydrological variability and of humans on ecosystem structure.

Sediment cores revealed that the phase prior to non‐indigenous settlement included numerous macrophyte and gastropod remains, sedimentary DNA from plants, low organic matter, and low algal production. An abrupt transition occurred in the late 19th century concomitant with agricultural and urban expansion and the introduction of common carp, which was characterised by a loss of macrophytes and an increase in phytoplankton abundance as indicated by sedimentary DNA and pigment concentrations. A further shift to increased cyanobacteria occurred c. 1950 when exponential population growth increased wastewater influx, as recorded by sedimentary δ15N values.

Taken together, our data demonstrate that the current eutrophic state of Utah Lake is a function of anthropogenic forcing rather than natural climate‐driven hydrological fluctuations. Furthermore, large lakes in arid regions can exhibit similar patterns of abrupt ecosystem change between alternate states as those observed in northern temperate/boreal and subtropical ecosystems.
Functional changes across marine habitats due to ocean acidification
Authors: Teixidó Núria , Carlot Jérémy , Alliouane Samir , Ballesteros Enric , De Vittor Cinzia , Gambi Maria Cristina , Gattuso Jean‐Pierre , Kroeker Kristy , Micheli Fiorenza , Mirasole Alice , Parravacini Valeriano , Villéger Sébastien 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlobal environmental change drives diversity loss and shifts in community structure. A key challenge is to better understand the impacts on ecosystem function and to connect species and trait diversity of assemblages with ecosystem properties that are in turn linked to ecosystem functioning. Here we quantify shifts in species composition and trait diversity associated with ocean acidification (OA) by using field measurements at marine CO2 vent systems spanning four reef habitats across different depths in a temperate coastal ecosystem. We find that both species and trait diversity decreased, and that ecosystem properties (understood as the interplay between species, traits, and ecosystem function) shifted with acidification. Furthermore, shifts in trait categories such as autotrophs, filter feeders, herbivores, and habitat‐forming species were habitat‐specific, indicating that OA may produce divergent responses across habitats and depths. Combined, these findings reveal the importance of connecting species and trait diversity of marine benthic habitats with key ecosystem properties to anticipate the impacts of global environmental change. Our results also generate new insights on the predicted general and habitat‐specific ecological consequences of OA.
Past disturbances and local conditions influence the recovery rates of coral reefs
Authors: Walker Andrew S. , Kratochwill Chelsey A. , van Woesik Robert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCorals are being increasingly subjected to marine heatwaves. Theory suggests that increasing the intensity of disturbances reduces recovery rates, which inspired us to examine the recovery rates of coral cover following marine heatwaves, cyclones, and other disturbances at 1921 study sites, in 58 countries and three oceans, from 1977 to 2020. In the Atlantic Ocean, coral cover has decreased fourfold since the 1970s, and recovery rates following disturbances have been relatively slow, except in the Antilles. By contrast, reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans have maintained coral cover and recovery rates over time. There were positive relationships between rates of coral recovery and prior cyclone and heatwave frequency, and negative relationships between rates of coral recovery and macroalgae cover and distance to shore. A recent increase in the variance in recovery rates in some ecoregions of the Pacific and Indian Oceans suggests that some reefs in those ecoregions may be approaching a phase shift. While marine heatwaves are increasing in intensity and frequency, our results suggest that regional and local conditions influence coral recovery rates, and therefore, effective local management efforts can help reefs recover from disturbances.
Mental health care in Guyana's jails before and after Independence
Authors: Anderson Clare , Halliwell Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article considers the intersecting geographical, social, medical and political frameworks necessary to construct an understanding of mental health in Guyanese prisons, historically and in the present day. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to integrate archives, modern records and interviews, it looks first at colonial and independent state management of mental health impacts with respect to sentencing, incarceration and rehabilitation. It moves on to reflect on recent efforts to provide co‐ordinated policies and practices at national level to tackle more effectively moderate to severe mental health conditions. Here it shows that, as in the colonial period, prisoners and prison officials are typically neglected. Overall, our appreciation of the importance of what we term the coloniality of incarceration and public health enables us to deepen an understanding of the development and ongoing significance of approaches to mental ill health in the modern state, following Guyana's independence from colonial rule in 1966.
Reminiscences on the honeybee genome project and the rise of epigenetic concepts in insect science
Authors: Maleszka Ryszard 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe sequencing of the honeybee genome in 2006 was an important technological and logistic achievement experience. But what benefits have flown from the honeybee genome project? What does the annotated genomic assembly mean for the study of behavioural complexity and organismal function in honeybees? Here, I discuss several lines of research that have arisen from this project and highlight the rapidly expanding studies on insect epigenomics, emergent properties of royal jelly, the mechanism of nutritional control of development and the contribution of epigenomic regulation to the evolution of sociality. I also argue that the term ‘insect epigenetics’ needs to be carefully redefined to reflect the diversity of epigenomic toolkits in insects and the impact of lineage‐specific innovations on organismal outcomes. The honeybee genome project helped pioneer advances in social insect molecular biology, and fuelled breakthrough research into the role of flexible epigenomic control systems in linking genotype to phenotype.
Association between dental restorations and artefacts on head magnetic resonance images in paediatric patients
Authors: Tunlayadechanont Pitchaya , Tunlayadechanont Padcha , Sriudomporn Nantana , Wisetsathon Ploy , Duangthip Duangporn , Jirarattanasopha Varangkanar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important diagnostic tool for paediatric patients. The association between dental restorations and MRI artefacts/distortions, however, is unclear.AimTo investigate the association between dental restorations and artefacts in head MRI in children.DesignThis retrospective analysis included patients who underwent head MRI and dental examination at Ramathibodi Hospital from January 2015 to March 2021. From dental records and dental radiographs, a dentist reviewed the amount and type of restorative materials used. Two radiologists examined the MRI scans in five sequences for the presence of distortions and quantified the magnitude and grading of any artefacts.ResultsNinety‐four patients aged 3–15 years were included. Twenty‐four patients who received preformed metal crowns (PMCs) had MRI distortions. Subjects with no restorations or with tooth‐coloured material or amalgam restorations or both did not exhibit distortions. The number of PMCs was related to the size of an artefact. Almost all distortions were confined to the oral cavity and maxillary sinus and did not affect the diagnostic brain area.ConclusionAmong the commonly used dental restorative materials for children, only PMCs were associated with artefacts on head MRI scans.
Germanium oxide hybridization enhancing the optical response of Bi‐doped glass and fiber
Authors: Zhang Ke , Chen Jingfei , Dong Quan , Hou Dianhao , Li Hongwei , Wei Tianxia , Li Xueliang , Feng Xu , Zhou Shifeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBismuth (Bi)‐doped glass and fiber materials exhibit excellent optical performance and have potential in fields such as fiber communication and tunable lasers. However, the preparation of Bi‐doped glass and fiber with high optical activity is still confronted with huge challenges. This study proposes a germanium oxide hybridization strategy to enhance near‐infrared emission in Bi‐doped glass. In addition, by the systematical optimization of the optical response and processability of the glass system, Bi‐doped glass fibers are successfully constructed. The constructed glass fibers have excellent optical performance, and the enhanced amplified spontaneous emission is realized. They show potentials for applications in broadband fiber amplifiers and tunable lasers.
Pre‐hospital symptom clusters and symptom network analysis in decompensated cirrhotic patients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhou Kebing , Huang Xiaojiao , Chen Meiling , Li Zhiying , Qin Jieying , Ji Yelin , Yu Xuefen , Yan Fengxia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsTo generate pre‐hospital symptom networks, explore core, bridge and sentinel symptoms, identify pre‐hospital symptom clusters and analyse relationship between influencing factors and symptom clusters in decompensated cirrhosis patients.DesignA cross‐sectional study design using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist.MethodsDemographical, physiological, psychological and sociological characteristics and the pre‐hospital symptoms of 292 decompensated cirrhotic patients were collected from October 2021 to March 2023 in China. Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, independent samples t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance, exploratory factor analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and network analysis were used for data analysis.Results‘I don't look like myself’ and itching were core and bridge symptoms, while bloating and lack of energy were sentinel symptoms in decompensated cirrhotic patients. Monthly family income, anxiety, depression, social support and disease duration influenced the neuropsychological symptom cluster, with worrying as the strongest predictor symptom. Influential factors for cirrhosis‐specific symptom cluster included Child‐Pugh class, monthly family income, disease duration, anxiety and depression, with itching being the strongest predictor symptom. Monthly family income, disease duration and depression were influential factors for gastrointestinal symptom cluster, with loss of appetite as the strongest predictor symptom.ConclusionsNeuropsychological, cirrhosis‐specific and gastrointestinal symptom clusters were formed in decompensated cirrhotic patients. Through network analysis, direct connections between symptoms, symptom clusters and their influencing factors were revealed, thereby offering clinicians a foundation for effectively managing patients' pre‐hospital symptoms.ImpactDecompensated cirrhosis patients commonly have multiple symptoms, while the management of pre‐hospital symptoms is often suboptimal. This study identified neuropsychological, cirrhosis‐specific, gastrointestinal symptom clusters and recognized core, bridge and sentinel symptoms in these patients. It also revealed the most prominent symptoms within each cluster. This provides insight into the hierarchy of symptoms, improving symptom management in decompensated cirrhosis.Patient and Public InvolvementThere was no patient or public involvement.