bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of platelet kinetics in immune thrombocytopenia to predict splenectomy response
Authors: Mendoza Ana , Álvarez‐Román María Teresa , Monzón‐Manzano Elena , Acuña Paula , Arias‐Salgado Elena G. , Rivas‐Pollmar Isabel , Martín‐Salces Mónica , Martínez de Miguel Bárbara , Martínez Montalbán Elena , Jiménez‐Yuste Víctor , Butta Nora 
Published: October 2023

SummaryDespite the efficacy of splenectomy for chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), its considerable failure rate and its possible related complications prove the need for further research into potential predictors of response. The platelet sequestration site determined by 111In‐labelled autologous platelet scintigraphy has been proposed to predict splenectomy outcome, but without standardisation in clinical practice. Here, we conducted a single‐centre study by analysing a cohort of splenectomised patients with ITP in whom 111In‐scintigraphy was performed at La Paz University Hospital in Madrid to evaluate the predictive value of the platelet kinetic studies. We also studied other factors that could impact the splenectomy outcome, such as patient and platelet characteristics. A total of 51 patients were splenectomised, and 82.3% responded. The splenic sequestration pattern predicted a higher rate of complete response up to 12 months after splenectomy (p = 0.005), with 90% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Neither age, comorbidities, therapy lines nor previous response to them showed any association with response. Results from the platelet characteristics analysis revealed a significant loss of sialic acid in platelets from the non‐responding patients compared with those who maintained a response (p = 0.0017). Our findings highlight the value of splenic sequestration as an independent predictor of splenectomy response.
Late Permian‐Early Triassic intracontinental tectonic inversion in the Junggar Basin, NW China: New insights from detrital zircon geochronology and seismic reflection data
Authors: Tang Wenbin , Pan Songqi , Pe‐Piper Georgia , Piper David J. W. , Zhang Yuanyuan , Guo Zhaojie , Tang Yong , Tang Wenqiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Junggar Basin is located on the southwestern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Whether the Late Permian‐Early Triassic tectonic inversion there recorded the final closure of the North Tianshan Ocean or post‐accretionary intracontinental deformation remains controversial. Linking the structural style and provenance analysis of the western and northern margins of the Junggar Basin can provide a better understanding of this tectonic event and its geodynamic mechanisms. Seismic reflection profiles show that Early Permian syn‐rift half‐grabens were followed by the Middle Permian thermal sag, which is characterized by regional onlap and the migration of the depocentre to the centre of the basin. Together with the published isopach and palaeogeography maps in the western margin of the Junggar Basin, the seismic profiles demonstrate that the reactivation of the Ke‐Bai and Wu‐Xia dextral transpressive fault zones between the West Junggar terrane and the Mahu sag controlled the tilting and deformation of pre‐Permian strata and the distribution of Late Permian‐Early Triassic fan deltas. The reported igneous and sedimentological evidence indicates that the southern margin of the Junggar Basin was a rift basin controlled by transtensional strike‐slip faults in the Early Permian, and also was followed by a Middle Permian thermal sag. Quantitative provenance analysis using detrital zircon geochronology and the DZmix program shows that the West Junggar terrane and Tianshan orogenic belts experienced varied uplift, indicative of a transition from the Middle Permian thermal sag peneplanation to the Late Permian‐Early Triassic tectonic inversion involving reactivation of Early Permian normal faults. This intracontinental deformation event in the Junggar Basin was taken up by block counterclockwise rotation during the final amalgamation of the Pangea, which may be the long‐range effect of the final closure of Paleo‐Asia Ocean in the eastern part of the CAOB.
Next‐generation sequencing of uveal melanoma with clinical and histological correlations: Prognostic value of new mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Pérez‐Pérez Manuel , Agostino Alessandro , de Sola‐Llamas Carmen García , Ruvolo Michael , Vilches‐Arenas Angel , Relimpio‐López M. Isabel , Espejo‐Arjona Francisco , Macías‐García Laura , De Miguel‐Rodríguez Manuel , García‐Escudero Antonio , Idoate Miguel A. , Ríos‐Martín Juan J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundUveal melanoma (UM) is the eye's most common primary malignancy and there are no effective therapies for disseminated disease. It is important to try to know the patient's prognosis. The aim of this study was to reflect genetic variants, studied using NGS, of a series of 69 cases of UM and its correlation with histopathology and clinical progression.MethodsWe performed targeted NGS using a 519‐gene panel.ResultsThere were selected 28 different mutated genes, showing a total of 231 genetic variants that affected the function of the protein. The most common secondary mutations occurred in SF3B1 (in 26%), followed by BAP1 (in 23%), LRP1B (22%) and FGFR4 (20%). BAP1 mutation was associated with a greater likelihood of metastases and with greater presence of epithelioid cells. LRP1B was also associated with presence of epithelioid cells SF3B1 mutation was significantly associated with a spindle morphology. We found variants in the RAD51B, TOP2A, PTPRD, TSC2, DHX9, PDK1 and MTOR that have not been previously reported in consulted databases. The presence of a mutation in: CHEK2, DHX9 and PDK1 was associated with metastases.ConclusionsBAP1 is the most solid biomarker of a poor prognosis in UM and mutations can be detected using NGS. SF3B1 is associated with the spindle cell subtype of UM, which gives it probably a favourable prognostic value. Our study suggests that mutations in DHX9 and PDK1 can have prognostic value. These potential biomarkers are related to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and makes them candidates for developing new directed therapies.
EAAT3 impedes oligodendrocyte remyelination in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion‐induced white matter injury
Authors: Zhang Yingmei , Ya Dongshan , Yang Jiaxin , Jiang Yanlin , Li Xiaoxia , Wang Jiawen , Tian Ning , Deng Jungang , Yang Bin , Li Qinghua , Liao Rujia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic cerebral hypoperfusion‐induced demyelination causes progressive white matter injury, although the pathogenic pathways are unknown.MethodsThe Single Cell Portal and PanglaoDB databases were used to analyze single‐cell RNA sequencing experiments to determine the pattern of EAAT3 expression in CNS cells. Immunofluorescence (IF) was used to detect EAAT3 expression in oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). EAAT3 levels in mouse brains were measured using a western blot at various phases of development, as well as in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mouse models. The mouse bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) model was used to create white matter injury. IF, Luxol Fast Blue staining, and electron microscopy were used to investigate the effect of remyelination. 5‐Ethynyl‐2‐Deoxy Uridine staining, transwell chamber assays, and IF were used to examine the effects of OPCs' proliferation, migration, and differentiation in vivo and in vitro. The novel object recognition test, the Y‐maze test, the rotarod test, and the grid walking test were used to examine the impact of behavioral modifications.ResultsA considerable amount of EAAT3 was expressed in OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes, according to single‐cell RNA sequencing data. During multiple critical phases of mouse brain development, there were no substantial changes in EAAT3 levels in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, or white matter. Furthermore, neither the TBI nor ICH models significantly affected the levels of EAAT3 in the aforementioned brain areas. The chronic white matter injury caused by BCAS, on the other hand, resulted in a strikingly high level of EAAT3 expression in the oligodendroglia and white matter. Correspondingly, blocking EAAT3 assisted in the recovery of cognitive and motor impairment as well as the restoration of cerebral blood flow following BCAS. Furthermore, EAAT3 suppression was connected to improved OPCs' survival and proliferation in vivo as well as faster OPCs' proliferation, migration, and differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, this study revealed that the mTOR pathway is implicated in EAAT3‐mediated remyelination.ConclusionsOur findings provide the first evidence that abnormally high levels of oligodendroglial EAAT3 in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion impair OPCs' pro‐remyelination actions, hence impeding white matter repair and functional recovery. EAAT3 inhibitors could be useful in the treatment of ischemia demyelination.
Disrupted functional connectivity of the habenula links psychomotor retardation and deficit of verbal fluency and working memory in late‐life depression
Authors: Su Ting , Chen Ben , Yang Mingfeng , Wang Qiang , Zhou Huarong , Zhang Min , Wu Zhangying , Lin Gaohong , Wang Danpeng , Li Yue , Zhong Xiaomei , Ning Yuping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundFunctional abnormalities of the habenula in patients with depression have been demonstrated in an increasing number of studies, and the habenula is involved in cognitive processing. However, whether patients with late‐life depression (LLD) exhibit disrupted habenular functional connectivity (FC) and whether habenular FC mediates the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment remain unclear.MethodsOverall, 127 patients with LLD and 75 healthy controls were recruited. The static and dynamic FC between the habenula and the whole brain was compared between LLD patients and healthy controls, and the relationships of habenular FC with depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment were explored by correlation and mediation analyses.ResultsCompared with the controls, patients with LLD exhibited decreased static FC between the right habenula and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG); there was no significant difference in dynamic FC of the habenula between the two groups. Additionally, the decreased static FC between the right habenula and IFG was associated with more severe depressive symptoms (especially psychomotor retardation) and cognitive impairment (language, memory, and visuospatial skills). Last, static FC between the right habenula and left IFG partially mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms (especially psychomotor retardation) and cognitive impairment (verbal fluency and working memory).ConclusionsPatients with LLD exhibited decreased static FC between the habenula and IFG but intact dynamic FC of the habenula. This decreased static FC mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment.
Evolution of HLA‐sensitization according to immunosuppressive therapy management among kidney transplant patients returning to dialysis between 2008 and 2019: A French retrospective study
Authors: Ferrari Kevin , Aarnink Alice , Ayav Carole , Frimat Luc , Couchoud Cécile , Audry Benoît , Antoine Corinne , Girerd Sophie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal management of immunosuppressive therapy (IT) after kidney allograft failure (KAF) remains controversial. Although maintaining IT may reduce HLA‐sensitization and improve access to retransplantation, it may also increase the rate of immunosuppression‐related complications. The overall impact on patient mortality is unknown. The main objective of this study was to compare the evolution of HLA‐sensitization 6 months after KAF according to IT management.MethodsIndividual clinical and health care data were extracted from the French national end‐stage kidney disease registry (Renal Epidemiology and Information Network [REIN]) and the French National Health Data system (SNDS), respectively. Patients aged > 18 years returning to dialysis after KAF between January 2008 and December 2019 in Lorraine were included. Patients were classified into two groups, IT continuation or IT discontinuation. HLA‐sensitization was defined as an increase in incompatible graft rate (IGR) between KAF and 6 months post‐KAF (change to a higher predefined category (0%–5%), (5%–20%), (20%–50%), (50%–85%), (85%–95%), (95%–98%), (98%–100%)). Secondary outcome was patient survival according to IT management.ResultsA total of 121 patients were included, 35 (29%) of whom continued IT. HLA‐sensitization after KAF tended to be higher in the “IT discontinuation” group (57% vs. 38% in the “IT continuation” group, p = .07). In multivariate analysis, IT continuation was associated with a lower increase in IGR (OR .37, 95% CI [.14; .93]). IT management was not associated with patient mortality.ConclusionsContinuation of IT after KAF was associated with less change in IGR and was not associated with excess mortality.
A tale of three vines: current and future threats to wild Eurasian grapevine by vineyards and invasive rootstocks
Authors: Petitpierre Blaise , Arnold Claire , Phelps Leanne N. , Guisan Antoine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimEurasian grapevine (Vitis vinifera), one of the most important fruit crops worldwide, diverged from its wild and currently endangered relative (V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris) about 11,000 years ago. In the 19th century, detrimental phylloxera and disease outbreaks in Europe forced grapevine cultivation to use American Vitis species as rootstocks, which have now become naturalized in Europe and are starting to colonize similar habitats to the wild grapevine. Accordingly, wild grapevine now faces two additional threats: the expansion of vineyards and invasive rootstocks. Furthermore, climate change is expected to have significant impacts on the distribution of all grapevines in Europe. In this study, we quantified the distributional and bioclimatic overlap between grapewine's wild relative and the taxa associated with viticulture, under current and future climate.LocationEurope, North America.MethodsThe distributions of wild Eurasian grapevine, cultivated Eurasian grapevine and five American grapevine species used in rootstock breeding programs were linked to climate variables to model their bioclimatic niches. These ecological niche models were used to quantify the spatial and bioclimatic overlap between these seven Vitis taxa in Europe.ResultsNiche and spatial overlap is high between the wild, cultivated and rootstock grapevines, suggesting that existing conflicts between vineyards and wild grapevine conservation may be further complicated by naturalized rootstocks outcompeting the wild grapevine, especially under future scenarios of climate change. In the hottest scenario, only 76.1% of the current distribution of the Eurasian grapevine remains in suitable area.Main ConclusionsAs wild grapevine may ultimately provide a valuable gene pool for adapting viticulture to a changing world, these findings demonstrate the need for improved management of the wild grapevine and its natural habitat, to counteract the harmful effects of global change on the wild relatives of viticulture.
Explaining the anuran beta diversity by pond‐living tadpoles: the role of dispersal limitation and environmental gradients through multiple scales
Authors: Garey Michel V. , Gonçalves‐Souza Thiago , Nomura Fausto , Souza Franco Leandro , Solé Mirco , Menin Marcelo , Rossa‐Feres Denise C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimDetermining drivers of beta diversity is a hugely complex task, as it involves processes acting synergistically across multiple scales. We employed a large‐scale standardized protocol to tease apart the environmental and spatial processes driving beta diversity patterns of pond‐living tadpoles across multiple scales.LocationPonds distributed across 5000,000 km2 in five Brazilian biomes (Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Cerrado and Pantanal).MethodsWe sampled tadpoles in three to eight locations in each biome and eight to 61 ponds per location. We used partial distance‐based redundancy analyses with variation partitioning to assess the relative influence of environmental and spatial variables on beta diversity, which was estimated using the Raup–Crick index. We applied the same statistical protocol to the analyses conducted at the three spatial scales (metacommunity, regional and subcontinental), consistently maintaining the same grain while increasing the geographic extent.ResultsSpatially structured environmental variation was the most important driver of anuran beta diversity. At the regional scale, the spatial component was as important as spatially structured environmental variation, and the environmental component was the most important at the metacommunity scale. Narrow‐ranged and widespread species responded equally to environmental variables, but spatially structured environmental variation was more important to widespread species and pure spatial component was more important to narrow‐ranged species.Main ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that spatial scale plays a role in understanding the dispersal‐ and niche‐based processes that generate beta diversity patterns. Increasing the geographical extent increases the impact of spatial processes and the influence of environmental factors on anuran beta diversity through spatially structured environmental variation. Even under different environmental conditions, narrow‐ranged and widespread species respond in a consistent manner to environmental and spatial dynamics, showing consistent responses to niche‐ and dispersal processes. This evidence can offer important guidelines for their conservation even for large‐scale management that includes multiple biomes.
Managing for biodiversity: The effects of climate, management and natural disturbance on wildlife species richness
Authors: Zeller Katherine A. , Povak Nicholas A. , Manley Patricia , Flake Samuel W. , Hefty Kira L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimManagers are increasingly facing an uncertain future given changing climates and ecological trajectories. The interacting effects of climate, natural disturbance, and management actions complicate future projections, and there is a need for approaches that integrate these factors—especially for predicting future vegetation and species richness.LocationCentral Sierra Nevada Mountains, USA.MethodsWe used outputs from a spatially explicit landscape disturbance succession model that incorporated forest management actions, disturbance, and climate to estimate habitat and potential species richness for 202 vertebrate species and five functional groups from 2020 to 2100. We examined species richness outcomes of three forest management scenarios under three climate trajectories. We modelled broadscale drivers of landscape‐level species richness, and proximate effects of management and disturbance at each pixel.ResultsClimate and forest management scenario had significant effects on potential species richness across the landscape, particularly at lower elevations; however, only management had significant effects at higher elevations. We found no effect of the interaction between climate and management scenario. The historical climate and the minimal management scenario generally resulted in higher species richness compared with other scenarios. Positive proximate effects generally included mechanical thinning and prescribed fire, as well as low and medium severity fire and beetle outbreaks. High severity fire had a consistently negative effect on species richness. We also quantified the contribution of protected areas and found that protected areas had higher species richness compared with ecologically similar unprotected lands, especially in climate futures that deviated from the historical climate.Main ConclusionsOur findings highlight that managing for biodiversity is complex, and effects of climate, disturbance, and management differ among species, functional groups, topography and scales. However, landscape disturbance succession models provide a science‐based tool for untangling broadscale drivers and proximate effects of biodiversity and managing for ecological integrity in a changing climate.
Global health impact, priority and time
Authors: Herlitz Anders 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses normative issues that arise in relation to indicators and measures of health impact. With inspiration from Nicole Hassoun's recent proposal, the paper argues and illustrates that those interested in measuring global health impact face questions about how to prioritize among those with ill‐health, how to weigh benefits to those who cannot lead minimally good lives against benefits to the better off, and how to think about whether someone is badly off.
Physical exercise in kidney disease: A commonly undervalued treatment modality
Authors: Kanbay Mehmet , Copur Sidar , Yildiz Abdullah B. , Tanriover Cem , Mallamaci Francesca , Zoccali Carmine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhysical inactivity has been identified as a risk factor for multiple disorders and a strong association exists between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a sedentary lifestyle. Even though physical activity is crucial in the development and progression of disease, the general focus of the current medical practice is the pharmacological perspective of diseases with inadequate emphasis on lifestyle intervention.MethodsIn this narrative review we explain the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise on CKD in addition to discussing the clinical studies and trials centred on physical exercise in patients with CKD.ResultsPhysical activity influences several pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular function, immune response and macromolecular metabolism. While exercise can initially induce stress responses like inflammation and oxidative stress, long‐term physical activity leads to protective countermeasures and overall improved health. Trials in pre‐dialysis CKD patients show that exercise can lead to reductions in body weight, inflammation markers and fasting plasma glucose. Furthermore, it improves patients' functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life. The effects of exercise on kidney function have been inconsistent in these trials. In haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplant patients exercise interventions improve cardiorespiratory fitness, walking capacity and quality of life. Combined training shows the best performance to increase peak oxygen uptake in haemodialysis patients. In kidney transplant recipients, exercise improves walking performance, quality of life and potentially arterial stiffness. However, exercise does not affect glucose metabolism, serum cholesterol and inflammation biomarkers. Long‐term, adequately powered trials are needed to determine the long‐term feasibility, and effects on quality of life and major clinical outcomes, including mortality and cardiovascular risk, in all CKD stages and particularly in kidney transplant patients, a scarcely investigated population.ConclusionPhysical exercise plays a crucial role in ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular function, immune response and macromolecular metabolism, and contributes significantly to the quality of life for patients with CKD, irrespective of the treatment and stage. Its direct impact on kidney function remains uncertain. Further extensive, long‐term trials to conclusively determine the effect of exercise on major clinical outcomes such as mortality and cardiovascular risk remain a research priority.