bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactions of Dimethyl Ester of Acetylene Dicarboxylic Acid (DMAD) with Arenes Under the Superelectrophilic Activation Conditions
Authors: Konoplev Mikhail V. , Khoroshilova Olesya V. , Boyarskaya Irina A. , Spiridonova Darya V. , Vasilyev Aleksander V. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractProtonation of DMAD MeO2C−C≡C−CO2Me in the Brønsted superacid CF3SO3H (triflic acid, TfOH) gives rise to stable O,O‐diprotonated species MeO(+HO═)C−C≡C−C(═OH+)OMe according to NMR data and DFT calculation. This cation reacts with arenes ArH at room temperature for 0.3‐1 h with a stereoselective formation of the corresponding trans‐dimethyl arylfumarates E‐MeO2C−C(Ar)═CH−CO2Me, as products of hydroarylation of the DMAD acetylene bond. Increasing the reaction time leads to further, deeper inter‐ and intramolecular transformations of dimethyl arylfumarates with arenes, resulting in various compounds, indenes, indenones, and indanones, that depend on the nucleiphilicity of arenes and reaction time. Plausible mechanisms of multistep cationic transformations of DMAD with arenes in TfOH are discussed.
Intrinsically Stretchable Motion Sensor Enabled by 3D Graphene Foam Integrated Hydrogel
Authors: Sheng Wei , Zhou Jianxin , Jia Yuxi , Li Wentao , Qiao Ruixi , Liu Zixi , Xu Wenjie , Zhang Tao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStretchable hydrogel devices are highly desirable for their capacity to seamlessly integrate significant stretchability, high conductivity, and exceptional biocompatibility. Nonetheless, the substantial disparity in stiffness between soft hydrogels and commonly rigid electrode materials often leads to pronounced performance fluctuations or even complete failure of sensor circuits in practical applications. Here, the study introduces an intrinsically stretchable graphene‐hydrogel strain sensor (GHSS) fabricated by integrating a hydrogel and a 3D graphene foam with very closely matched elastic moduli. The GHSS demonstrates a strain detection limit of 0.02%, a rapid response time of 64 ms, and long‐term stability, enabling the detection of human joint movements, physiological signals, touch pad input, and exercise monitoring.
Research on the Seismic Performance of Concrete Compressed‐Flexural Members After Cumulative Damage From 100 Years of Design Usage
Authors: Liu Hui , Liu Ming , Yang Xintian , Wang Lin , Liu Jie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the long‐term effects of cumulative damage on concrete members over a century, emphasizing its critical inclusion in design protocols. Employing both static and dynamic experimental approaches, the research first examines the fundamental mechanical properties of damaged concrete at the material level. Earthquake intensity data from Northeast China are then analyzed to establish the frequency of predominant intensities over a 100‐year timeframe. Subsequently, four frame columns are exposed to cumulative pseudodynamic seismic damage, followed by pseudostatic testing to assess their seismic resistance. The results demonstrate that repeated sub‐cracking‐stress damage increases concrete's uniaxial compressive strength while reducing its ultimate deformation capacity. For elements with a low axial load ratio, minor seismic damage minimally impacts ultimate deformation but enhances ultimate bearing capacity, with the steel reinforcement reaching yield at an earlier stage. In contrast, for elements with a high axial load ratio, minor seismic damage has negligible effects on both ultimate deformation and bearing capacity, though it still accelerates the onset of yield in the steel reinforcement.
Global Programs and Outcomes in Arterial Hypertension Management in Countries with Developing Economies
Authors: Smith Sidney C. , Taubert Kathryn A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a risk factor for stroke, heart attack, heart failure, kidney damage, and other health problems and a major cause of death worldwide. The global prevalence of HTN is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be approximately 1.3 billion adults aged 30–79, 2/3 of whom are in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, about one in five adults have their HTN under control, whereas for adults in LMICs, only one person in ten has controlled HTN. This chapter discusses WHO and other organizational approaches to diagnosing and managing HTN, focusing on programs targeting LMICs. The WHO HEARTS program is a technical package to help health workers improve cardiovascular health in primary health care through HTN detection and management. HEARTS has been implemented in more than 30 countries with sections on how to correctly measure blood pressure, and how to diagnose and treat HTN. Treatment protocols are provided, and there is also information on the WHO Essential Medicines List and WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable (PEN) Disease Interventions for Primary Health Care. At the organizational level, there is information on HTN tools and initiatives from the World Heart Federation, Resolve to Save Lives, and other groups.
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Latin America: Comparative Outcomes According to Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Lanas Fernando , Serón Pamela , Muttel Cheryld 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Latin America is a region with more than 40 countries and almost 650 million inhabitants who mostly share a Hispanic heritage, speak Latin languages, and have cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as the leading cause of death. However, there are significant differences in the prevalence of CVD risk factors and prognosis. Socioeconomic disadvantages, including less access to education, are important determinants of those differences, both between and within countries; the poor and less-educated individuals face an increased risk due to a higher prevalence of sedentarism, smoking, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, but also have less awareness of disease and limited access to health care, that leads to an increase in incidence and mortality from CVD.
Regional initiatives following WHO directions have been implemented in most countries, mainly for the control of smoking, obesity, and hypertension, leading to an overall reduction in age-adjusted CVD mortality, but with marked differences between countries. Additionally, some clinical trials have shown the benefits of complex interventions, addressing several aspects of CVD risk factor controls, but they are still waiting for proof of widespread implementation. Any initiative should address the socioeconomic disadvantages to improve health and equity.
A comprehensive review of factors affecting growth and secondary metabolites in hydroponically grown medicinal plants
Authors: Venkatasai Neeharika Narisepalli , Shetty Devija N. , Vinay Chigateri M. , Sekar Mahendran , Muthusamy Annamalai , Rai Padmalatha S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Main conclusion
Optimizing environmental factors can significantly increase the growth and secondary metabolite synthesis of hydroponically grown medicinal plants. This approach can help increase the quality and quantity of pharmacologically important metabolites to enhance therapeutic needs.

Abstract
Medicinal plants are key therapeutic sources for treating various ailments. The increasing demand for medicinal plants has resulted in the overharvesting of these plants in their natural habitat, which can lead to their extinction in the future. Soil-based cultivation faces challenges, such as a lack of arable land, drastic climatic changes, and attacks by soil-borne pathogens. To overcome these challenges, hydroponic cultivation, known as soilless cultivation, is a sustainable method. The yield and quality of medicinal plants depend on environmental factors, such as nutrients, pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, light, nanoparticles, phytohormones, and microorganisms. This article explores the impact of these environmental factors on the growth and secondary metabolite content of hydroponically grown medicinal plants. Our review reveals how environmental factors qualitatively and quantitatively influence the growth and secondary metabolites of medicinal plants grown in hydroponic systems and how these factors can be integrated into the enhancement of therapeutic compounds.

Graphical abstract
Human-biting behaviour of Leptoconops irritans (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in a touristic area of the Balearic Islands (Spain)
Authors: González Mikel Alexander , Barceló Carlos , Rodríguez-López Aroa , Figuerola Jordi , Miranda Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biting midges of genus Leptoconops Skuse 1889 are small blood-feeding insects recognized as highly irritating diurnal pests in certain regions around the globe. In Europe, their presence is poorly documented, except in France and Italy. Following reports of human discomfort in a tourist area of Menorca, Balearic Islands (Spain), a small-scale study was conducted to identify the biting species and assess their preferred biting sites using a human-landing assay along a habitat gradient in a coastal dune area. Leptoconops irritans (Noé, 1905) was identified based on morphological features and DNA barcoding. This species reached high densities (average rates of 3.3 landings/min), particularly near coastal dune vegetation. No statistically significant differences were found among the four main body sites for landings of L. irritans (F
3,6.023 = 1.80, p = 0.250): head (n = 91, 53.8%), lower extremities (n = 39, 23.1%), upper extremities (n = 37, 21.9%), and other covered areas (n = 2, 1.2%). Landing preferences varied among the three volunteers, and bites progressed differently. This study represents the second documented case of Leptoconops midges causing human discomfort in Spain. We hope this research will stimulate further interest in this understudied genus, which has been largely overlooked across much of Europe.
The current state and future direction of childcare for cancer patients: a narrative review
Authors: Yusuf Hasiya , Kumar Abhishek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
One in four patients diagnosed with cancer are parents to dependent children. For these patients, childcare services are needed to overcome the time demands of cancer treatment. Despite the childcare support needs and its potential impact on treatment outcomes, targeted childcare services for cancer patients remain limited. This review highlights the state of childcare services and strategies to address the current chasm in childcare for parents diagnosed with cancer.

Methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase was conducted and 77 studies in the English Language on Childcare services for parents with cancer published between January 1990 and May 2024 were identified and reviewed.
Findings.
The burden of cancer diagnosis and cancer treatment imposes physical, psychological, financial, and time constraints on cancer patients with young dependents. Many cancer patients with children miss treatment appointments and encounter treatment delays due to challenges with childcare. Limited access to childcare is further exacerbated by the financial and time toxicities of cancer and unconventional treatment needs such as emergency department visits, fatigue, and other complications of cancer treatment. So far, only one cancer-center-linked childcare program exists in the U.S., highlighting the scale of unmet need for childcare support in cancer patients.

Conclusion
and relevance.
Providing non-traditional childcare services, home-based or hospital-based childcare structures, and financial assistance through medical institutions, professional organizations, insurance payers, and government-funded programs could bridge the current gap in childcare needs for parents with a cancer diagnosis.
Variations of plerocercoid infection rates in fish communities across Spanish mountain lakes
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández Javier , Jiménez-Corbacho Carlos , García‐Gómez Guillermo , García-Astillero Ariadna , Arranz Ignasi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Plerocercoid infection rates in fish may result from factors influencing individual and species-specific susceptibility to procercoid infection in copepods. In this paper, we examine the infection rates of fish communities in Spanish mountain lakes by Ligula plerocercoids and explore potential factors that may influence the differences across 9 fish species and 13 lake systems. This study is the first to report the presence of plerocercoids in endemic Bermejuela del Esla (Achondrostoma asturicense), with prevalence rates ranging from 0 to 42.5%. We significantly observed low feeding intensities (gut fullness) and gonadal atrophy in infected A. asturicense compared to non-infected individuals, but zooplankton was absent in the gut contents of A. asturicense. We posit that the absence of fish-eating birds in high-altitude lakes, along with fish abundance and species-specific differences in fish foraging behaviours, likely explains the geographical variations in plerocercoid prevalence across lake-dwelling fish communities.
Measuring adaptive expertise and adaptive performance in (becoming) healthcare professionals: a scoping review of measurement instruments
Authors: Hissink Elske , Pelgrim Els , Nieuwenhuis Loek , Bus Lotte , Kuijer-Siebelink Wietske , van der Schaaf Marieke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Professional work in healthcare is increasingly disruptive, requiring professionals to be flexible and adaptable. Research on adaptive expertise and adaptive performance in healthcare has grown, and operationalisation and measurement of these concepts are crucial to meet professionals’ evolving needs. This study provides an overview of measurement instruments for adaptive expertise and adaptive performance in (becoming) healthcare professionals, including an evaluation of their operationalisations and the amount of evidence supporting their quality. A scoping review was conducted, including an analysis of operationalisations and the amount of evidence supporting the quality of instruments, based on the criteria outlined in the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (2014). Seventeen articles were included, comprising nineteen measurement instruments, three of which were specifically developed for the healthcare domain. The instruments, categorized into six types, varied in the nature and volume of evidence supporting their quality. Analysis of the operationalisations led to a clearer understanding of the concepts, with themes emerging around adaptive expertise and adaptive performance. The study reveals a dominance of self-evaluation and job requirement instruments, while other methods, such as design scenarios, mixed-methods instruments, and collegial verbalization, are underrepresented. Instruments developed specifically for healthcare need further validation and reliability testing. The categorization of subscales into 13 themes provides further clarification of the concepts and suggestions for future research. Instruments to measure adaptive expertise and adaptive performance are limited and vary in conceptualisation, operationalisation and quality. Further research is needed to improve the validity and reliability of healthcare-specific instruments.
Comparison of global and regional myocardial blood flow quantification using dynamic solid-state detector SPECT and Tc-99 m-sestamibi or Tc-99 m-tetrofosmin in a routine clinical setting
Authors: Wieting Wiebke , Bengel Frank M. , Diekmann Johanna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Solid-state detector single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) enables the acquisition of dynamic data for calculation of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR). Here, we report about our experiences on routine clinical use and robustness using Tc-99 m-sestamibi and Tc-99 m-tetrofosmin. 307 patients underwent dynamic list-mode myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and standard static MPI for clinical workup of coronary artery disease on a dedicated cardiac SPECT camera. After exclusion of 33 scans, 274 scans were eligible for MBF and MFR calculation using a 1‐tissue‐compartment model. Attenuation correction was performed for all patients using an external computed tomogram. Patients underwent stress-only scans, both stress and rest scans or rest-only scans using Tc-99 m-tetrofosmin or Tc-99 m-sestamibi. 30 patients without known cardiovascular comorbidities and without perfusion defect on static scans were compared in a sub analysis. Global stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) was significantly higher than rest MBF (2.3 vs. 1.1 ml/min/g; p < 0.001), and showed a high variability among individuals. Global myocardial flow reserve (MFR) was 2.1 (range 0.5–7.8). An analysis of 30 patients without known cardiovascular comorbidities yielded similar stress MBF measures for Tc-99 m-sestamibi and Tc-99 m-tetrofosmin (3.1 ± 1.2 vs. 2.8 ± 0.9 ml/min/g; p = 0.429). The use of attenuation correction lead to systematically lower MBF measures. Patients who underwent a one-day protocol had notably higher rest MBF (1.2 ± 0.5 vs. 1.0 ± 0.46 ml/min/g; p = 0.009) and consequently a lower MFR. Summed defect scores from standard static scans and presence of cardiovascular comorbidities negatively impacted MBF and MFR. Quantitative SPECT MBF and MFR in a clinical routine setting yields flow measures in range of expectation at an albeit wide range and is comprehensibly linked with results from standard static scan and patients history of cardiovascular diseases. Use of one-day protocols and attenuation correction systematically alters quantitative results. However, SPECT-derived MBF and MFR lack clinical reliability due to less validated reference ranges and high inter-individual variability.

Graphical abstract
Coupling Derivation of Optimal-Order Central Moment Bounds in Exponential Last-Passage Percolation
Authors: Emrah Elnur , Georgiou Nicos , Ortmann Janosch 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce new probabilistic arguments to derive optimal-order central moment bounds in planar directed last-passage percolation. Our technique is based on couplings with the increment-stationary variants of the model, and is presented in the context of i.i.d. exponential weights for both zero and near-stationary boundary conditions. A main technical novelty in our approach is a new proof of the left-tail fluctuation upper bound with exponent 3/2 for the last-passage times.
Progress and prospects in antisense oligonucleotide-mediated exon skipping therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Chwalenia Katarzyna , Wood Matthew J. A. , Roberts Thomas C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent years have seen enormous progress in the field of advanced therapeutics for the progressive muscle wasting disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In particular, four antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies targeting various DMD-causing mutations have achieved FDA approval, marking major milestones in the treatment of this disease. These compounds are designed to induce alternative splicing events that restore the translation reading frame of the dystrophin gene, leading to the generation of internally-deleted, but mostly functional, pseudodystrophin proteins with the potential to compensate for the genetic loss of dystrophin. However, the efficacy of these compounds is very limited, with delivery remaining a key obstacle to effective therapy. There is therefore an urgent need for improved ASO technologies with better efficacy, and with applicability to a wider range of patient mutations. Here we discuss recent developments in ASO therapies for DMD, and future prospects with a focus on ASO chemical modification and bioconjugation strategies.
Psychometric properties and post-hoc CAT analysis of the pediatric PROMIS® item banks anxiety and depressive symptoms in a combined Swedish Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and School sample
Authors: Blomqvist Ida , Chaplin John Eric , Henje Eva , Dennhag Inga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study is to assess the psychometric properties and reliability of the Swedish Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) item banks for anxiety and depressive symptoms with item response theory analysis and post-hoc computerized adaptive testing in a combined Swedish Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP) and school sample.

Methods
Participants (n = 928, age 12–20) were recruited from junior and high schools and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics in the region of Västerbotten. Unidimensionality, local independence, and monotonicity was tested. We fitted a graded response model to the data and tested differential item functioning (DIF) for sex, age group, sample type, and language (Swedish vs. U.S.). Moreover, a post-hoc computer adaptive testing (CAT) simulation was performed. All analysis were made in R.

Results
Unidimensionality, local independence, and monotonicity were acceptable. The graded response model yielded acceptable item fit, discriminative, and threshold values for all items in both item banks. DIF for language (Swedish vs. U.S.) was found for two items from the anxiety and one item from the depressive symptoms item banks. A Stocking-lord transformation was used for the items displaying language DIF, and post-hoc CAT simulations were performed. The post-hoc CAT simulation showed reliability around 0.9 for both Swedish and official U.S. item parameters T-scores calibration from within normal limits to severe anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion
The Swedish pediatric PROMIS item banks of anxiety and depressive symptoms are appropriate to assess mild to severe symptoms of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Swedish school- and CAP samples.
Upcycling industrial peach waste to produce dissolving pulp
Authors: Plakantonaki Sofia , Zacharopoulos Nikolaos , Christopoulos Miltiadis , Kiskira Kyriaki , Markou Giorgos , Tsakanika Lamprini-Areti , Priniotakis Georgios 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the production of high-purity cellulose pulp from peach (Prunus persica) fruit wastes generated during the processing of a Greek compote and juice production industry. A three-step chemical process is used, including alkaline treatment with NaOH, organic acid (acetic and formic) treatment, and hydrogen peroxide treatment, with the goal of cellulose extraction and purification. A fractional factorial design optimized reagent levels, revealing the strong influence of NaOH concentration on α-cellulose content and degree of polymerization. The extraction yield ranged between 9.7 and 12.3%, and a yield of 11.6% was achieved under the optimal conditions (NaOH, 3%w/v; acid-to-solid ratio, 6 l/kg; H2O2, 0.5% v/v) of the factorial experiment. The resulting samples were further characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TGA techniques. The results of the XRD and FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of cellulose, with a crystallinity index of approximately 57%, balancing strength and reactivity. The SEM analysis demonstrated a strong morphological similarity between the extracted pulp and commercial dissolving-grade pulp (Södra Purple), while images of the raw material confirmed effective purification. Additional evaluations included color, lightness, and lignin content. These findings suggest that cellulose extracted from peach waste is suitable for textile applications, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional cellulose sources and supporting industrial resource efficiency.

Graphical Abstract