bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in rate of healthcare encounters for respiratory infection from air pollution exposure after improved vehicle emissions standards in New York State
Authors: Croft Daniel P. , Utell Mark J. , Liu Han , Lin Shao , Hopke Philip K. , Thurston Sally W. , Chen Yunle , Rich David Q. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe introduction of Tier 3 light-duty vehicles with reduced emissions began in New York State (NYS) in 2017, with required compliance by 2025. We hypothesized that improved air quality during the early implementation of Tier 3 (2017–2019) would result in reduced rates of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory infection associated with increased PM2.5 compared to 2014–2016 (pre-Tier 3). Using data on adult patients hospitalized or having an ED visit for influenza, upper respiratory infection, culture-negative pneumonia, or respiratory bacterial infection, living within 15 miles of six air quality monitoring sites in NY, and a case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression, we estimated the rates of respiratory infection hospitalizations and ED visits associated with increased ambient PM2.5 concentrations in the previous 0–6 days and each week thereafter up to 1 month. Interquartile range (IQR) increases in PM2.5 in the previous 6 days were associated with 4.6% (95% CI: − 0.5, 10.1) and 11.9% (95% CI = 6.1, 18.0) increased rates of influenza hospitalizations in 2014–2016 and 2017–2019, respectively. This pattern of larger relative rates in 2017–2019 observed at all lag times was only present in males hospitalized for influenza but not other infections or in females. The rates of respiratory infection visits associated with increased PM2.5 were generally not reduced in this early Tier 3 implementation period compared to 2014–2016. Limited fleet penetration of Tier 3 vehicles and differences in particle deposition, infection type, and sex by period may all have contributed to this lack of improvement.
Stress, Coping, burnout and mental health in the Irish Police Force
Authors: Gibbons Chris 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aims sought to identify the sources of stress and coping responses and their relationship to burnout and mental health in Irish police officers and to explore gender differences and differences between those ‘at risk’ or ‘not at risk’ of a stress-related illness. The unpredictable nature of police work, dealing with the public and potential criminals in often trying circumstances and the ever-present risk of danger and trauma, makes police work one of the most stressful of human-service professions. This area is under-researched in Ireland. A survey was administered, in 2019, to 104 full-time Garda members of the An Garda Síochana, measuring organisational and operational stress, coping style and wellbeing. Organisational stress was a stronger predictor of emotional exhaustion and operational stress of depersonalization. Venting, which, in a supportive environment is usually associated with good coping, had an adverse effect on burnout. This suggested a work environment where individuals felt unsupported. Females experienced higher burnout and more adverse mental health. They reported greater organisational stress, and this may relate to real or perceived gender-based barriers. Age had a protective effect, and this suggests there is scope to improve coping through mentoring schemes or other initiatives to cascade good coping.
Fostering Hope and Acknowledging Uncertainty: Meeting Parents’ Needs and Preferences When Communicating Prognosis in Genetic Neurodevelopmental Conditions
Authors: Turbitt Erin , Callinan Elizabeth , Shakes Pieta , McEwen Alison , Amor David J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We sought to summarise recent research on prognostication in genetic neurodevelopmental conditions, focusing on parent preferences for prognostic conversations. We further aimed to explore recommendations about communicating children’s prognoses with parents at the time of diagnosis and beyond.

Recent Findings
Our review revealed growing research on prognostic conversations in oncology settings and for conditions that are life-limiting; however, there remains little research in the context of genetic neurodevelopmental conditions. The literature indicates a shift from censoring prognosis towards open discussions emphasising predicted challenges and abilities. The little research that has been done shows that parents seek prognosis discussions tailored to their preferences, relating to the timing, depth, and mode of delivery of information. Divergent perspectives between parents and healthcare professionals complicate prognostic communication and may relate to the stance of the healthcare professional (such as preconceived views and biases), and gaps in their training or within evidence-based interventions.

Summary
There is a need for personalised, sensitive approaches to prognostic conversations with parents and to address societal biases that influence the stance and behaviours of healthcare professionals in those conversations. Future research should prioritise understanding that parental needs are diverse, improving communication strategies, and expanding information modalities. Focus should also be on reflexively identifying healthcare professional and societal stereotypical views on disability, mitigating biases for effective prognostic discussions with parents regarding genetic neurodevelopmental conditions.
Investigation of color protection of laminated glass by UV-blocking interlayers for conservation application
Authors: Müller Marius , Reich Stefan , Pfütze Christian , Stelzer Ingo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe damaging of color pigments under UV radiation, usually called fading, is known, the most common is the loose of color intensity of clothes. A high UV-resistance of window and façade glazing is urgent for the conservation and preservation of historical exhibits and interiors. In this contribution, a long-lasting natural weather testing of several glass types, mostly LSG with different interlayer materials, and the effect of the different color patterns of paper and textile specimens are presented. According to the Harrison damage function, the initial damage level starts at 500 nm wavelength. Therefore, besides standard PVB-interlayer (UV-blocking from 360 to 380 nm wavelength) also special UV-blocking interlayer (UV-blocking from 400 nm) are part of the study. The research was conducted over the full summer of the year 2021. The assessment of the fading effect was measured as color spacing according to the CIELAB color space and verified by human eye perception. The CIELAB color space is the most used color system and combines brightness, yellow-blue and red-green tones. The research shows a significant effect of different glass build-ups on the color spacing value, especially for medium-sensitive pigment papers and textiles. Furthermore, the color shifting of single color scale samples showed demonstrated the limitation of the color spacing value of the CIELAB color space versus the human eye perception.
Generative model for learning quantum ensemble with optimal transport loss
Authors: Tezuka Hiroyuki , Uno Shumpei , Yamamoto Naoki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGenerative modeling is an unsupervised machine learning framework, that exhibits strong performance in various machine learning tasks. Recently, we find several quantum versions of generative model, some of which are even proven to have quantum advantage. However, those methods are not directly applicable to construct a generative model for learning a set of quantum states, i.e., ensemble. In this paper, we propose a quantum generative model that can learn quantum ensemble, in an unsupervised machine learning framework. The key idea is to introduce a new loss function calculated based on optimal transport loss, which have been widely used in classical machine learning due to its good properties; e.g., no need to ensure the common support of two ensembles. We then give in-depth analysis on this measure, such as the scaling property of the approximation error. We also demonstrate the generative modeling with the application to quantum anomaly detection problem, that cannot be handled via existing methods. The proposed model paves the way for a wide application such as the health check of quantum devices and efficient initialization of quantum computation.
Salvage treatments for barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) control in rice following simulated failed herbicide application
Authors: Bowman Hunter D. , Bond Jason A. , Allen Thomas W. , Reynolds Daniel B. , Bararpour Taghi , Dodds Darrin M. , Eubank Thomas W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Florpyrauxifen-benzyl was commercialized in 2018 to target barnyardgrass and aquatic or broadleaf weeds. Field studies were conducted from 2019 to 2021 in Stoneville, MS, to evaluate barnyardgrass control following a simulated failure of florpyrauxifen-benzyl or other common postemergence rice herbicides. In the first field study, florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied at 0 and 15 g ai ha–1 to rice at the two- to three-leaf stage to simulate a failed application targeting barnyardgrass. Sequential herbicide treatments included no herbicide and full rates of imazethapyr, quinclorac, bispyribac-Na, and cyhalofop applied 7 or 14 d after florpyrauxifen-benzyl treatment. The second field study was designed to evaluate barnyardgrass control with florpyrauxifen-benzyl following simulated failure of postemergence rice herbicides. Initial herbicide treatments included no herbicide and half rates of imazethapyr, quinclorac, bispyribac-Na, and propanil. Sequential applications at 7 or 14 d after the initial herbicide treatments included florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 0 and 30 g ai ha–1. Results from the first study indicated barnyardgrass control 21 d after final treatment (DAFT) was greater with sequential treatments at 7 compared with 14 d after initial treatment (DA-I) with no initial application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl. Therefore, delaying sequential treatments until 14 d after initial florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 15 g ha–1 allowed barnyardgrass to become too large to control with other rice herbicides. Rough rice yield was reduced in plots where quinclorac application was delayed from 7 to 14 DA-I with no initial application of florpyrauxifen-benzyl. The second study suggested that florpyrauxifen-benzyl application should be delayed 14 d after a herbicide failure. Although no differences in barnyardgrass control 21 DAFT were detected whether florpyrauxifen-benzyl was applied 7 or 14 DA-I of any herbicide utilized, >85% control was only achieved when florpyrauxifen-benzyl application was delayed 14 DA-I. These results demonstrate barnyardgrass control options following simulated failed applications of common rice herbicides.
Geochemical and Sr‐Nd‐Pb‐Fe Isotopic Constraints on the Formation of Fe‐Si Oxyhydroxide Deposits at the Ultraslow‐Spreading Southwest Indian Ridge
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Sun Mingxue , Qi Wenlong , Zhou Zhe , Hohl Simon V. , He Zhiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractModern Fe‐Si oxyhydroxide deposits occur in global marine hydrothermal vent sites. Despite their role as biogenic substrates and potential ore resources, much remains unknown about their formation processes. Here, we apply analyses of major and trace elements as well as Sr‐Nd‐Pb‐Fe isotopes combined with 238U‐230Th dating to Fe‐Si oxyhydroxides obtained from several hydrothermal fields along the Southwest Indian Ridge. These mineralized oxyhydroxides primarily consist of poorly crystalline two‐line ferrihydrite and amorphous opal‐A, with lesser amounts of nontronite and birnessite. The ubiquitous and characteristic Fe‐rich ultrastructures in the oxyhydroxides directly indicate microbial activity. The 238U‐230Th dating constrains their crystallization ages from ca. 11,873 to 384 years old. The seawater‐like 87Sr/86Sr and varying 143Nd/144Nd ratios underline a high proportion of seawater mixed with hydrothermal fluids. The radiogenic Pb isotopic patterns suggest a primary derivation of Pb leached from substrate basalts and to a lesser extent Pb from seawater. Stable iron isotopic compositions for different oxyhydroxides display a remarkable range between −1.47 and 0.82‰, which were interpreted as reflecting the fractionation processes during the formation of the deposits under evolving depositional redox conditions. The partial oxidation of Fe(II) and the subsurface removal of isotopically heavy Fe oxyhydroxides are suggested to play a vital role in shifting the Fe isotopic signature toward more negative values. Given that these Fe‐Si oxyhydroxide deposits exhibit features similar to certain ancient iron formations (IFs), Fe isotope systematics of these deposits may hold significant potential for fingerprinting the biological Fe oxidation processes that drove IF deposition on early Earth.
A New Method for Eliminating Dust Effects When Quantifying the Light Absorption Properties of Brown Carbon
Authors: Tang Chenguang , Tian Pengfei , Zhang Xinghua , Lin Yingjing , Cao Xianjie , Liang Jiening , Ren Yan , Li Jiayun , Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Lei , Deng Tao , Deng Xuejiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate quantification of the absorption properties of brown carbon (BrC) aerosols is crucial to assess the Earth‐atmosphere radiative impacts of BrC. However, the BrC absorption properties were often misestimated in field observations, due to neglecting the contribution of dust absorption. This study solved this problem by coupling a method for calculating the dust concentration into the traditional model for quantifying BrC absorption. The results show that dust absorption was up to 16.8% of the sum of BrC and dust absorption in northwestern China. The potential contribution of dust to the sum of BrC and dust absorption was significantly higher in the Asia‐located studies (0.4%–16.8%) than in the Americas‐located (<1.2%) and Europe‐located (<2.3%) studies. This work underscores the necessity of eliminating the negative effect of dust in BrC quantitative model. It prompts us to revisit the BrC absorption properties resolved by previous studies, especially in dust‐influenced areas such as Asia.
Cost-effectiveness of weight-management pharmacotherapies in Canada: a societal perspective
Authors: Olivieri Anamaria-Vera , Muratov Sergey , Larsen Sara , Luckevich Maria , Chan Katalina , Lamotte Mark , Lau David C. W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of weight-management pharmacotherapies approved by Canada Health, i.e., orlistat, naltrexone 32 mg/bupropion 360 mg (NB-32), liraglutide 3.0 mg and semaglutide 2.4 mg as compared to the current standard of care (SoC).

Methods
Analyses were conducted using a cohort with a mean starting age 50 years, body mass index (BMI) 37.5 kg/m2, and 27.6% having type 2 diabetes. Using treatment-specific changes in surrogate endpoints from the STEP trials (BMI, glycemic, blood pressure, lipids), besides a network meta-analysis, the occurrence of weight-related complications, costs, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were projected over lifetime.

Results
From a societal perspective, at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of CAD 50 000 per QALY, semaglutide 2.4 mg was the most cost-effective treatment, at an incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of CAD 31 243 and CAD 29 014 per QALY gained versus the next best alternative, i.e., orlistat, and SoC, respectively. Semaglutide 2.4 mg extendedly dominated other pharmacotherapies such as NB-32 or liraglutide 3.0 mg and remained cost-effective both under a public and private payer perspective. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses varying post-treatment catch-up rates, longer treatment durations and using real-world cohort characteristics. Semaglutide 2.4 mg was the preferred intervention, with a likelihood of 70% at a WTP threshold of CAD 50 000 per QALY gained. However, when the modeled benefits of weight-loss on cancer, mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) or osteoarthritis surgeries were removed simultaneously, orlistat emerged as the best value for money compared with SoC, with an ICUR of CAD 35 723 per QALY gained.

Conclusion
Semaglutide 2.4 mg was the most cost-effective treatment alternative compared with D&E or orlistat alone, and extendedly dominated other pharmacotherapies such as NB-32 or liraglutide 3.0 mg. Results were sensitive to the inclusion of the combined benefits of mortality, cancer, CVD, and knee osteoarthritis.
Oligogenic inheritance in severe adult obesity
Authors: Almansoori Sumaya , Alsters Suzanne I. , Yiorkas Andrianos M. , Nor Hashim Nikman Adli , Walters Robin G. , Chahal Harvinder S. , Purkayastha Sanjay , Lessan Nader , Blakemore Alexandra I. F. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background/objective
The genetic architecture of extreme non-syndromic obesity in adults remains to be elucidated. A range of genes are known to cause monogenic obesity, but even when pathogenic mutations are present, there may be variable penetrance.

Methods
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out on a 15-year-old male proband of Pakistani ancestry who had severe obesity. This was followed by family segregation analysis, using Sanger sequencing. We also undertook re-analysis of WES data from 91 unrelated adults with severe obesity (86% white European ancestry) from the Personalised Medicine for Morbid Obesity (PMMO) cohort, recruited from the UK National Health Service.

Results
We identified an oligogenic mode of inheritance of obesity in the proband’s family—this provided the impetus to reanalyze existing sequence data in a separate dataset. Analysis of PMMO participant data revealed two further patients who carried more than one rare, predicted-deleterious mutation in a known monogenic obesity gene. In all three cases, the genes involved had known autosomal dominant inheritance, with incomplete penetrance.

Conclusion
Oligogenic inheritance may explain some of the variable penetrance in Mendelian forms of obesity. We caution clinicians and researchers to avoid confining sequence analysis to individual genes and, in particular, not to stop looking when the first potentially-causative mutation is found.
Magnesium promotes vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic states
Authors: Liu Linfeng , Wang Feiyu , Song Wei , Zhang Danting , Lin Weimin , Yin Qi , Wang Qian , Li Hanwen , Yuan Quan , Zhang Shiwen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiabetes has long been considered a risk factor in implant therapy and impaired wound healing in soft and hard oral tissues. Magnesium has been proved to promote bone healing under normal conditions. Here, we elucidate the mechanism by which Mg2+ promotes angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic status. We generated a diabetic mice model and demonstrated the alveolar bone healing was compromised, with significantly decreased angiogenesis. We then developed Mg-coating implants with hydrothermal synthesis. These implants successfully improved the vascularization and osseointegration in diabetic status. Mechanically, Mg2+ promoted the degradation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and the nucleation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by up-regulating the expression of sestrin 2 (SESN2) in endothelial cells, thus reducing the elevated levels of oxidative stress in mitochondria and relieving endothelial cell dysfunction under hyperglycemia. Altogether, our data suggested that Mg2+ promoted angiogenesis and osseointegration in diabetic mice by regulating endothelial mitochondrial metabolism.
In the era of Bortezomib-based Induction, intensification of Melphalan-based conditioning with Bortezomib does not improve Survival Outcomes in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: a study from the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Beksac Meral , Eikema Diderik-Jan , Koster Linda , Hulin Cyrille , Poiré Xavier , Hamladji Rose-Marie , Gromek Tomasz , Bazarbachi Ali , Ozkurt Zubeyde Nur , Pabst Thomas , Ben Othman Tarek , Finke Jürgen , Pirogova Olga , Wu Depei , Hayat Amjad , Hilgendorf Inken , Tholouli Eleni , de Wreede Liesbeth C. , Schönland Stefan , Garderet Laurent , Drozd-Sokolowska Joanna , Raj Kavita , Hayden Patrick J. , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , McLornan Donal P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBortezomib (Vel)- Melphalan 200 mg/m2 (Mel200) (Vel-Mel) has been utilised to intensify conditioning in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) for multiple myeloma (MM). This EBMT registry-based study compared Vel-Mel with Mel200 during upfront AHCT. Between 2010 and 2017, MM patients who received Vel-Mel (n = 292) conditioning were compared with 4,096 Mel200 patients in the same 58 centres. Pre-AHCT, compared to Mel200 patients, Vel-Mel patients had similar International Staging System (ISS) scores and cytogenetic risk profiles; a similar proportion had received bortezomib-based induction (85% and 87.3%, respectively) though they were younger with a better performance status. Vel-Mel patients were more likely to achieve CR post-induction (40.6% vs 20.3%, p < 0.001) and by day 100 of AHCT (CR/VGPR: 70.2 % vs. 57.2%, p < 0.001). There was no difference in 3-year PFS (49% vs 46%, p = 0.06) or early post-AHCT mortality. In multivariable analysis, Vel-Mel associated with inferior PFS (HR: 1.69 (1.27–2.25, p < 0.001) and OS (HR:1.46 (1.14–1.86,p = 0.002), similar to negative effects on PFS of advanced ISS (HR:1.56 (1.33–1.83, p < 0.001), high-risk cytogenetics (HR:1.43(1.18–1.74, p < 0.001) and poor post-induction response(<=PR)(HR: 1.43(1.25–1.62, p < 0.001) Overall, despite superior pre- and post-AHCT responses, there was no improvement in PFS or OS following Vel-Mel. This data supports the findings of the smaller prospective IFM study.
Cytoskeleton remodeling induced by SMYD2 methyltransferase drives breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Casanova Alexandre G. , Roth Gael S. , Hausmann Simone , Lu Xiaoyin , Bischoff Ludivine J. M. , Froeliger Emilie M. , Belmudes Lucid , Bourova-Flin Ekaterina , Flores Natasha M. , Benitez Ana Morales , Chasan Tourkian , Caporicci Marcello , Vayr Jessica , Blanchet Sandrine , Ielasi Francesco , Rousseaux Sophie , Hainaut Pierre , Gozani Or , Le Romancer Muriel , Couté Yohann , Palencia Andres , Mazur Pawel K. , Reynoird Nicolas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMalignant forms of breast cancer refractory to existing therapies remain a major unmet health issue, primarily due to metastatic spread. A better understanding of the mechanisms at play will provide better insights for alternative treatments to prevent breast cancer cell dispersion. Here, we identify the lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 as a clinically actionable master regulator of breast cancer metastasis. While SMYD2 is overexpressed in aggressive breast cancers, we notice that it is not required for primary tumor growth. However, mammary-epithelium specific SMYD2 ablation increases mouse overall survival by blocking the primary tumor cell ability to metastasize. Mechanistically, we identify BCAR3 as a genuine physiological substrate of SMYD2 in breast cancer cells. BCAR3 monomethylated at lysine K334 (K334me1) is recognized by a novel methyl-binding domain present in FMNLs proteins. These actin cytoskeleton regulators are recruited at the cell edges by the SMYD2 methylation signaling and modulate lamellipodia properties. Breast cancer cells with impaired BCAR3 methylation lose migration and invasiveness capacity in vitro and are ineffective in promoting metastases in vivo. Remarkably, SMYD2 pharmacologic inhibition efficiently impairs the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells, PDX and aggressive mammary tumors from genetically engineered mice. This study provides a rationale for innovative therapeutic prevention of malignant breast cancer metastatic progression by targeting the SMYD2-BCAR3-FMNL axis.