bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Änderungsversuche des gerichtlichen Verfahrens im deutschen Landfriedensrecht bis zum 14. Jahrhundert
Authors: Klementowski Marian Lech 
Published: January 2024

I. Einleitung.II. Legale iudicium und das Gesetzlichkeitsprinzip.III. Die Anfänge des Prinzips der materiellen Wahrheit. IV. Die Einführung des Prinzips der Territorialität. V. Wechselnde Entwicklungstendenzen der übrigen Prozeßprinzipien. VI. Das Prinzip des Formalismus als Relikt der archaischen Rechte.
Exploring the Behaviours of Small Business Entrepreneurs in the Gastro-Dining Industry: Risks, Relationships and Gourmet Chefs in Action
Authors: Atılgan Özgür , Berber Aykut , Uyargil Cavide 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A growing number of chefs are setting up their own businesses to offer a gastro-dining experience in places without an extensive gastro-dining tradition. In this context, our purpose is to explore the behaviours of entrepreneurs of small businesses in the newly developing Turkish gastro-dining market. We adopted a qualitative research design to gain insight into the perceptions of ten entrepreneurs. Our findings demonstrate that the participants’ entrepreneurial behaviour can be explained through effectuation logic. This manifests itself through control over consumption, learning and improvising within the flow of life as well as the exchange of informal and positive relationships with stakeholders. Furthermore, we discovered that those entrepreneurs with gastronomy training also exhibited entrepreneurial behaviour in terms of aiming to become a brand, with a causation logic along with effectuation.
Hypothyroxinemia and weight velocity in preterm infants
Authors: Zibitt Meira , Ange Brittany , Wynter Zanna , Mundy Cynthia , Herrmann Steve , Stansfield Brian K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (HOP) is characterized by low free thyroxine (FT4) associated with low or normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The objective of this study is to define FT4 and TSH values in very preterm infants (<32 weeks postmenstrual age, PMA) and correlate hypothyroxinemia and levothyroxine treatment with growth velocity at 28 days and 36 weeks PMA.

Methods
Preterm neonates <32 weeks PMA admitted to the regional neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the Children’s Hospital of Georgia (USA) between January 2010 and July 2022 were routinely screened for hypothyroxinemia. FT4 and TSH values were obtained on 589 eligible neonates between day of life (DOL) 4 and 14. Growth velocity (g/kg/day) from DOL 14 to DOL 28 and 36-weeks PMA were calculated for each neonate and potential explanatory variables (PMA, sex, and race) were incorporated into multivariate regression models to identify associations between HOP and growth velocity.

Results
In 589 preterm infants, PMA at birth was strongly associated inversely with FT4 (R=0.5845) and modestly with TSH (R=0.2740). Both FT4 and gestational age, but not TSH or levothyroxine treatment, were associated with growth velocity at 28 days of life and at 36 weeks PMA.

Conclusions
We provide a large data set for identifying FT4 and TSH measurements and identify hypothyroxinemia of prematurity as a potential mediator of slow postnatal growth in very preterm infants.
The RADTRAD analysis methodology for the Fuel Handling Accident during the long-term shutdown period of Chinshan Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Lee Shiau-Yu , Hsu Keng-Hsien , Lin Hao-Tzu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study presents a methodology for the Fuel Handling Accident (FHA) analysis during the long-term shutdown period with the fuels still residing in the reactor core for the Chinshan BWR/4 Nuclear Power Plant. This methodology can be used to calculate the radiation dose received by the control room personnel, assuming failure in safety systems, facilities or structures. The computer code RADTRAD is employed to perform the transport and release of radioactive inventories first, and then calculate the control room dose based on appropriate dose conversion factor for the FHA. The results show that even failure in safety systems, facilities or structures, the whole body dose, thyroid dose and beta-skin dose are well below the acceptance limits specified in the Standard Review Plan.
Smartphone Addiction, Anxiety Symptoms and Depression among Young Adults
Authors: Alkhutaba Malek 
Published: January 2024

Although a smartphone has proven to be a very useful tool, its obsessive usage can harm relationships, anxiety, and depression. This study amid to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction, depression, and anxiety symptoms among young adults. The sample of the study consisting of (240) Jordanian young adults who randomly select from the universities in Jordan. The scales self-evaluation anxiety, PHQ-8, and smartphone addiction where use to gather the data. Finally, the results of the study revealed that the level of smartphone addiction was the highest, and the lowest level was depression. Moreover, the results showed a strong positive correlation between smartphone addiction, anxiety, and depression among the participants. Finally, no statistically significant difference in levels of depression, smartphone addiction, or anxiety between the participants based on their gender was found.
Нация и этнос: нелинейная эволюция этнологических концепций в России
Authors: Паин Эмиль Абрамович 
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются изменения базовых понятий этнологии – «нация» и «этнос», а  также производных от них («национальность», «этничность», «этнография» «этнология») за два века исторических наблюдений в России. Показан волнообразный характер эволюции идеи нации в Российской империи, СССР и Российской Федерации. Этот термин зародился как политический концепт, затем обрел этнический смысл, а в постсоветское время вновь проявилось его политическое содержание. По мере того как понятие «нация» теряет этническое значение, возникает необходимость в уточнении понятия «этнос» для обозначения этнокультурных общностей. Вместе с тем новые идеи и терминология с трудом проникают в массовое сознание, государственный и научный дискурс. В государственных документах современной России традиционная этническая трактовка понятия «нация» сохраняется и переплетается с политической. В науке понятие «этнос» в одни времена приобретало главенствующую роль в этнографической теории, а в другие оценивалось как нежелательное. В повседневном дискурсе плохо приживается гражданское осмысление нации. Автор анализирует политические, психологические и культурные обстоятельства, препятствующие или способствующие утверждению этнологических понятий в российском дискурсе.
Development of mathematics learning based on computational thinking for primary school teachers
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Hermita Neni , Alim Jesi Alexander , Fendrik Muhammad , Hidayat Riyan , Harfal Zaldi , Oktarisa Lara , Nasri  , Sahlan  , Nursyam Ucy Rahmayani , Fatmawilda  
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Keterampilan Computational Thinking (Berpikir Komputasi) merupakan salah satu keterampilan abad 21 yang perlu dimiliki oleh siswa sekolah dasar. Mengingat pentingnya CT dan masih banyak guru-guru yang belum mengetahui dan menguasai keterampilan ini, maka diperlukan kegiatan workshop yang dapat mendukung keterampilan CT guru dan juga mampu merancang pembelajaran matematika berbasis CT. Oleh karena itu, tim PkM FKIP UNRI berkolaborasi dengan UPM Malaysia melaksanakan workshop pengembangan pembelajaran matematika berbasis CT bagi guru-guru sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tambang, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Metode pelaksanaan PkM menggunakan Participatory Action Research (PAR) dengan pendekatan blended learning. Kegiatan workshop diikuti oleh 33 orang guru dari 3 sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Tambang. Kegiatan workshop ini mampu meningkatkan keterampilan CT guru-guru, namun perlu tindak lanjut kegiatan sehingga keterampilan CT guru bisa lebih optimal dan mampu menerapkannya dalam pembelajaran matematika di kelas masing-masing.
Kata Kunci: keterampilan computational thinking, pembelajaran matematika, workshop
[English]: Computational Thinking (CT) skills are crucial for elementary school students in the 21st century. Recognizing the significance of CT and the prevalent lack of knowledge and mastery among teachers, there is a need for workshop activities that can support teachers in developing CT skills and enable them to design CT-based mathematics learning. To address this gap, the FKIP UNRI community service team collaborated with UPM Malaysia to conduct a workshop on CT-based mathematics learning development for elementary school teachers in the Tambang Sub-district, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The implementation method of this community service utilized Participatory Action Research (PAR) with a blended learning approach. Thirty-three teachers from three elementary schools in the district participated in the workshop. While the workshop successfully enhanced teachers' CT skills, subsequent activities are essential to optimize these skills further and facilitate their application in mathematics learning within their respective classrooms.
Keywords: computational thinking skills, mathematics learning, workshops
Enhancing disaster communication literacy based on traditional games among West Aceh students
Authors: Triantoro Dony Arung , Nafisah Raudhatun , Husna Fathayatul , Syam Futri , Syahrani Rizky Amalia , Fitri Ainal , Asgha Ashabul Yamin , Nova Mirza Adia , Ridha Ismu 
Published: January 2024

[Bahasa]: Aceh Barat sebagai salah satu daerah rawan bencana alam di Indonesia memerlukan langkah-langkah konkrit sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana. Salah satu langkah penting yang harus dilakukan adalah memberikan pengetahuan tentang literasi komunikasi bencana di kalangan siswa. Studi-studi sebelumnya telah mengkaji tentang model komunikasi bencana berdasarkan beberapa pengalaman daerah-daerah yang mengalami bencana alam dan non-alam. Namun, belum banyak studi yang mengkaji literasi komunikasi bencana melalui permainan tradisional seperti teka-teki silang (TTS). Oleh karena itu, artikel ini berupaya mengisi kekosongan studi tersebut dengan mengambil studi kasus pada Madrasah Tsnawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Aceh Barat. Data-data artikel ini diperoleh melalui aktivitas penyuluhan dan pendampingan dalam bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bersifat insidentil. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa literasi komunikasi bencana perlu didiseminasikan dalam bentuk permainan teka-teki silang. Para siswa yang mengikuti penyuluhan ini lebih aktif menggunakan kemampuan berpikir mereka untuk memahami istilah-istilah dalam kebencanaan. Di samping keaktifan mereka dalam mengisi permainan teka-teki silang tersebut, pada saat yang sama mereka berlatih untuk bekerjasama menyelesaikan permainan tersebut bersama teman-teman mereka. Hal ini merepresentasikan bahwa resiko bencana dapat diminimalisir melalui kerjasama aktif di kalangan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: literasi, komunikasi bencana, permainan tradisional
[English]: West Aceh as one of the natural disaster-prone areas in Indonesia requires concrete steps for disaster mitigation. One important step that must be taken is to provide knowledge about disaster communication literacy among students. Previous studies have examined disaster communication models based on some experiences of areas that experienced natural and non-natural disasters. However, few studies have examined disaster communication literacy through traditional games such as crossword puzzles (TTS). Therefore, this article attempts to fill this gap by taking a case study of Madrasah Tsnawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 3 Aceh Barat. The data for this article were obtained through counseling and mentoring activities in the form of incidental community service. The results of this community service show that disaster communication literacy needs to be disseminated in the form of a crossword puzzle game. The students who participated in this counseling were more active in using their thinking skills to understand the terms of disaster. In addition to their activeness in filling out the crossword puzzle game, they practiced working together with their friends to complete the game. This represents that disaster risk can be minimized through active cooperation among the community.
Keywords: literacy, disaster communication, traditional games
Noninvasive respiratory support during interhospital transfer of newborns: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mukhametshin Rustam F. , Kovtun O. P. , Davydova N. S. , Stupin M. A. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Noninvasive respiratory support is a crucial component of neonatal respiratory disorders therapy. The nCPAP (nasal continuous positive airway pressure) is recommended for respiratory support of a premature. There is no consensus on criteria for non-invasive respiratory support for newborns during transfer, the recommendations are empirical. OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of using nCPAP during pre-transport preparation and transfer of newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cohort, retrospective study included data on 70 cases of newborns evacuation performed by the transport team (July 1, 2014 — December 31, 2018) to patients who were on nCPAP at the time of the transport team examination in the initial institution. The initial sample was divided into a group of patients transported on ventilation (n = 22) and a group of patients transported on nCPAP (n = 47), respiratory support was discontinued in one case. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the FiO2 (34 [30–45] % and 30 [21–30] %, the first and second groups, respectively, p = 0.002) and the saturation index of oxygenation (2.1 [1.6–2.6] and 1.53 [1.3–1.8]) the first and second groups, respectively, p = 0.001). The saturation index of oxygenation has an acceptable predictive value for tracheal intubation during pre-transport preparation (AUC 0.799 [0.682–0.917]). During transfer, one patient of the second group required tracheal intubation (2.1 [0.1–11.3] %). Upon admission, one patient of the second was intubated (2.2 [0.1–11.5] %), no other correction of the parameters of noninvasive support was required for patients of the second group. CONCLUSIONS: The main criterion for intubation at the stage of pre-transport preparation is oxygen requirement during the nCPAP. The saturation oxygenation index (AUC 0.799 [0.682–0.917]) and the SpO2/FiO2 ratio (AUC 0.803 [0.687–0.919]) have an acceptable predictive value for tracheal intubation. The probability of intubation during transportation is 2.1 (0.1–11.3) %.
Catheterization of the internal jugular vein and subclavian/axillary vein under ultrasound control in the wounded with hemorrhagic shock due to combat trauma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lakhin Roman E. , Kusai A. S. , Usoltsev E. A. , Tsygankov K. A. , Shustrov V. V. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Catheterization of central veins using ultrasound navigation increases the rate of successful catheterizations and reduces the number of complications. The use of ultrasound navigation can improve the efficiency and safety of catheterization in conditions where central vein puncture is difficult. OBJECTIVE: Comparison of the readiness of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein/axillary vein for puncture, the effectiveness and safety of their catheterization using ultrasound navigation in patients with hemorrhagic shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of the medical data of 146 victims who required puncture and catheterization of vessels under the control of ultrasound navigation was performed. In all victims, using ultrasound, the readiness of the vessels for puncture was visually assessed by the compression and collapse of the vein at the moment of slight superficial pressure with the sensor. RESULTS: Assessment of the vessel's readiness for catheterization showed that, at all degrees of shock, the readiness of the subclavian vein/axillary vein for catheterization was higher than that of the internal jugular vein. Analysis of all central venous catheterizations performed showed that they were completed on the first attempt, but during the attempt it was necessary to redirect, sometimes tighten and advance the needle again. The data obtained showed statistical differences in patients with II and III degrees of shock (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Against the background of infusion therapy through a peripheral venous catheter for all degrees of shock, readiness for puncture and catheterization of the subclavian vein/axillary vein was higher compared to the internal jugular vein. Such tactics for shocks of degree II and III result in fewer needle passes.
New directions of scientific research and clinical practice in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection in patients with multiple organ dysfunction: a review
Authors: Babaev Mаxim A. , Tukhtamanova A. S. , Masneva A. I. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Due to the COVID-19 (infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) pandemic, we had to take a completely different approach to the nature of critical conditions. The pandemic also made us reconsider many views about it. Moreover, that contributed to the development of new practical approaches for treatment and prevention, including the ones in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection. OBJECTIVE: Methods for purification of blood and plasma began to be considered as an independent link for the treatment of organ disorders or as a part of extracorporeal support for the life support of the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article consists of three sections: a description of the role of extracorporeal hemocorrection methods in intensive care, their classification and main characteristics; the concept of sequential targeted extracorporeal therapy for a treatable symptom in sepsis; extracorporeal hemocorrection as part of the concept of extracorporeal life support. This article uses literary sources published from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023. Materials related to COVID-19 and other specific pathologies (poisoning, acute liver failure, itching, systemic diseases, etc.), requiring separate discussion, are intentionally excluded. RESULTS: Technologies in extracorporeal hemocorrection provide support and/or replacement of organ functions; restoration of body resistance and balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response; restoration of body tolerance (metabolism and regeneration). Nevertheless, despite the convincing pathophysiological rationale for the use of these methods in critical conditions, evidence of its effectiveness is limited. Current trends indicate that future research should be primarily aimed at finding biomarkers that can simultaneously designate specific biological processes; characterize different subgroups of patients; allow targeted choice for the method of therapy. The modulation of biomarkers under the influence of this therapy can show its effectiveness for this particular subgroup of patients at this stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Methods of extracorporeal blood purification should be aimed at prevailing biological processes, at this stage of pathogenesis, and, accordingly, evaluated by the effectiveness of the impact on these processes.
Personalized corticosteroid treatment of patients with severe new coronavirus infection complicated by pneumonia: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Soloveitchik E. Yu. , Lutfarakhmanov Ildar I. , Shakirov A. R. , Mironov P. I. , Valishin D. A. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: A new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the associated disease COVID-19 is accompanied by a high incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia with respiratory failure. Corticosteroids are a therapeutic treatment option. OBJECTIVE: To determine the advantage of personalized corticosteroid dosing to reduce inflammation in pneumonia in patients with comorbid diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective comparative study was conducted among adult patients in the Republican Clinical Infectious Hospital and the Clinical Emergency Hospital (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan) from May 2020 to May 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: personalized corticosteroid administration in accordance with the level of the inflammation biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP) (n = 30) compared with conventional therapy (n = 28). Measurements of CRP levels in blood samples were carried out at the time of hospitalization and then daily during the first 5 days of treatment. RESULTS: The intervention group had fewer days of respiratory support (9.4 [6.2–15.6] vs. 14.3 [7.1–21.4]; p = 0.003) and no differences in cumulative outcome (persistent dependence of respiratory support or death) and the incidence of nosocomial infection compared with the control group. Daily distribution of the biomarker CRP showed significantly lower levels on 2–4 days of treatment in the intervention group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with pneumonia caused by COVID-19, and comorbid diseases, a personalized approach to the corticosteroids prescribing slightly reduced the frequency of treatment ineffectiveness and statistically significantly reduced the duration of respiratory support.
Russian registry of Surgical OutcomeS — RuSOS: study protocol
Authors: Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Belkin A. A. , Grigoryev E. V. , Grigoryev S. V. , Gritsan A. I. , Dunts P. V. , Ershov V. I. , Kirov M. Yu. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Kulikov A. V. , Musaeva T. S. , Ovezov A. M. , Protsenko D. N. , Subbotin V. V. , Trembach N. V. , Khoronenko V. E. , Shifman E. M. , Shchegolev A. V. , Lebedinskii K. M. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Identification of risk factors that cause a high probability of an unfavorable outcome in the postoperative period is an urgent problem. The creation of national databases (registries) makes it possible to cover a certain patient population by identifying its risk predictors. Existing registries differ in the criteria for inclusion in the study, in the characteristics of the populations studied, and there is often no common view on the classification of postoperative outcomes. OBJECTIVE: Creation of a Russian national calculator for the risk of postoperative complications and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two-level observational retrospective-prospective study. Setting: National multicenter study of surgical inpatients. Patients: Adult patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery. Types of interventions: obstetrics, gynecology, mammary gland, urology, endocrine surgery, maxillofacial surgery, orthopedics, traumatology, abdominal surgery, liver and biliary tract, thoracic surgery, vascular surgery, neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, other areas. RESULTS: The design was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, the study was organized by the Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists of Russia. Primary (30-day mortality, 30-day complications) and secondary (hospital mortality, hospital complications, length of stay in ICU, length of hospital stay, multiple organ failure (2 or more points on the SOFA scale), 90-day mortality, 90-day complications, post intensive care syndrome, readmission, 1-year mortality) outcomes; six primary and twelve secondary target points; criteria for inclusion, non-inclusion, exclusion. The required sample size and statistical analysis are described. The planned sample size to ensure the required power of the study is determined to be 60,800 observations for elective surgery and 20,000 observations for emergency surgery. The planned duration of the study is 2024–2028. CONCLUSIONS: The study has important scientific and medical-social significance; a Russian national calculator for the risk of postoperative complications and mortality will be developed. In the future, the developed calculator can become the basis for making medical decisions.