bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling the effects ofEhrlichia Chaffeensisand movement on dogs
Authors: Agusto Folashade B. , Drum Jaimie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEhrlichia chaffeensisis a tick-borne infectious disease transmitted byamblyomma americanumtick. This infectious disease was discovered in the 1970s when military dogs were returning from the Vietnam war. The disease was found to be extremely severe in German Shepards, Doberman Pinschers, Belgium Malinois, and Siberian Huskies. In this study, we developed a mathematical model for dogs and ticks infected withehrlichia chaffeensiswith the aim of understanding the impact of movement on dogs as they move from one location to another. This could be a dog taken on a walk in an urban area or on a hike in the mountains. We carried out a global sensitivity analysis with and without movement between three locations using as response functions the sum of acutely and chronically infected and the sum of infected ticks in all life stages. The parameters with the most significant impact on the response functions are dogs disease progression rate, dogs chronic infection progression rate, dogs recovery rate, dogs natural death rate, acutely and chronically infected dogs disease induced death rate, dogs birth rate, eggs maturation rates, tick biting rate, dogs and ticks transmission probabilities, ticks death rate, and the location carrying capacity. Our simulation results show that infection in dogs and ticks are localized in the absence of movement and spreads between locations with highest infection in locations with the highest rate movement. Also, the effect of the control measures which reduces infection trickles to other locations (trickling effect) when control are implemented in a single location. The trickling effect is strongest when control is implemented in a location with the highest movement rate into it.
A biodegradable “one-for-all” nanoparticle for multimodality imaging and enhanced photothermal treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Hsu Jessica C. , Barragan Diego , Tward Alexander E. , Hajfathalian Maryam , Amirshaghaghi Ahmad , Mossburg Katherine J. , Rosario-Berríos Derick N. , Bouché Mathilde , Andrianov Alexander K. , James Delikatny E. , Cormode David P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSilver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S-NP) have been proposed for various optical-based biomedical applications, such as near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, photoacoustics (PA) and photothermal therapy (PTT). However, their absorbance is relatively low in the NIR window used in these applications, and previous formulations were synthesized using toxic precursors under harsh conditions and have clearance issues due to their large size. Herein, we synthesized sub-5 nm Ag2S-NP and encapsulated them in biodegradable, polymeric nanoparticles (AgPCPP). All syntheses were conducted using biocompatible reagents in the aqueous phase and under ambient conditions. We found that the encapsulation of Ag2S-NP in polymeric nanospheres greatly increases their NIR absorbance, resulting in enhanced optical imaging and photothermal heating effects. We therefore found that AgPCPP have potent contrast properties for PA and NIRF imaging, as well as for computed tomography (CT). We demonstrated the applicability of AgPCPP nanoparticles as a multimodal imaging probe that readily improves the conspicuity of breast tumorsin vivo. PTT was performed using AgPCPP with NIR laser irradiation, which led to significant reduction in breast tumor growth and prolonged survival compared to free Ag2S-NP. Lastly, we observed a gradual decrease in AgPCPP retention in tissues over time with no signs of acute toxicity, thus providing strong evidence of safety and biodegradability. Therefore, AgPCPP may serve as a “one-for-all” theranostic agent that degrades into small components for excretion once the diagnostic and therapeutic tasks are fulfilled, thus providing good prospects for translation to clinical use.TOC graphic
Evolution of tandem repeats in putative CSP to enhance its function: A recent and exclusive event in Plasmodium vivax in India
Authors: Dash Manoswini , Pande Veena , Das Aparup , Sinha Abhinav 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe molecular hitchhiking model proposes that linked non-coding regions also undergo fixation, while fixing a beneficial allele in a population. This concept can be applied to identify loci with functional and evolutionary significance. Putative circumsporozoite protein (CSP) in Plasmodium vivax (PvpuCSP) identified following the molecular hitchhiking model, holds evolutionary significance. We investigated the extent of genetic polymorphism in PvpuCSP and the role of natural selection which shapes the genetic composition and maintains the diversity inP. vivaxisolates from India. Sequencing the putative CSP ofP. vivax(PvpuCSP) in 71 isolates revealed a well-conserved N- and C-terminal, constituting around 80% of the gene. PCR amplification and sequencing validated extensive diversity in the repeat region, ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 kb towards the C-terminal, identifying 37 different alleles from 71 samples. The recent and exclusive accumulation of repeats in puCSP withinP. vivaxhighlights its highly variable length polymorphism, making it a potential marker for estimating diversity and infection complexity. Episodic diversifying selection in the PvpuCSP repeat region, evidenced by statistically significant p-values and likelihood ratios, enhances amino acid diversity at various phylogenetic levels, facilitating adaptation for accommodating different substrates for degradation.
Adaptive remodeling of rat adrenomedullary stimulus-secretion coupling in response to a chronic hypertensive environment
Authors: Paillé Vincent , Park Joohee , Toutain Bertrand , Bourreau Jennifer , Fontanaud Pierre , De Nardi Frédéric , Gabillard-Lefort Claudie , Bréard Dimitri , Guilet David , Henrion Daniel , Legros Christian , Guérineau Nathalie C. 
Published: November 2023

SummaryChronic elevated blood pressure impinges on the functioning of multiple organs and therefore harms body homeostasis. Elucidating the protective mechanisms whereby the organism copes with sustained or repetitive blood pressure rises is therefore a topical challenge. Here we address this issue in the adrenal medulla, the master neuroendocrine tissue involved in the secretion of catecholamines, influential hormones in blood pressure regulation. Using acute adrenal slices from spontaneously hypertensive rats, we show that chromaffin cell stimulus-secretion coupling is remodeled, resulting in a less efficient secretory function primarily upon sustained electrical or cholinergic challenges. The remodeling is supported by revamped cellular and tissular mechanisms, including chromaffin cell excitability through voltage-gated ion channel expression changes, gap junctional communication and cholinergic synaptic transmission. As such, by weakening its competence to release catecholamines, the ‘hypertensive medulla’ has elaborated an adaptive shielding mechanism against damaging effects of redundant elevated catecholamine secretion and associated blood pressure.
A Global Transcriptional Atlas of the Effect of Sleep Deprivation in the Mouse Frontal Cortex
Authors: Ford Kaitlyn , Zuin Elena , Righelli Dario , Medina Elizabeth , Schoch Hannah , Singletary Kristan , Muheim Christine , Frank Marcos G. , Hicks Stephanie C. , Risso Davide , Peixoto Lucia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSleep deprivation (SD) has negative effects on brain function. Sleep problems are prevalent in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Thus, understanding the molecular consequences of SD is of fundamental importance in neuroscience. In this study, we present the first simultaneous bulk and single-nuclear (sn)RNA sequencing characterization of the effects of SD in the mouse frontal cortex. We show that SD predominantly affects glutamatergic neurons, specifically in layers 4 and 5, and produces isoform switching of thousands of transcripts. At both the global and cell-type specific level, SD has a large repressive effect on transcription, down-regulating thousands of genes and transcripts; underscoring the importance of accounting for the effects of sleep loss in transcriptome studies of brain function. As a resource we provide extensive characterizations of cell types, genes, transcripts and pathways affected by SD; as well as tutorials for data analysis.
Motor cortex somatostatin interneurons adaptively shape the structure of motor sequences
Authors: Lee Jeong Oen , Bariselli Sebastiano , Sitzia Giacomo , Lovinger David M. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe brain can flexibly reorganize motor sequence, or program, execution to efficiently reach positive outcomes. These behavioral adaptations are primarily driven by reinforcement learning, leading to structural and kinematic modifications of consolidated motor programs. While previous studies established the critical contribution of cortical and basal ganglia circuits in controlling motor sequences or movement-by-movement kinematics, the neural mechanisms that adaptively shape efficient motor programs are not fully understood. Here, we found increased action-locked activity and network synchrony of somatostatin (SST) interneurons in the primary motor cortex (M1), compared to desynchronized pyramidal (PYR) neuron calcium activity, upon the acquisition of a single lever-press task in freely moving mice. After motor consolidation, cortical SST interneurons disengaged from action execution and then re-engaged when mice reorganized their motor programs upon changes in task complexity. Notably, the activity of M1 SST interneurons encoded structural and kinematic information of these more complex motor sequences. Finally, we showed that inhibition of SST interneurons interfered with the kinematics and disrupted the efficiency of motor program execution. These findings demonstrate a causal role for M1 SST interneuron re-engagement in regulating efficient motor sequence reorganization.HIGHLIGHTSActivation of somatostatin (SST) interneurons in the primary motor cortex (M1) correlates with learning new motor actions and execution of complex motor programs.Activity of M1 SST interneurons adapts in response to structural patterns of the motor tasks.Inhibition of SST interneuron activity leads to inefficient execution of complex motor programs.
Activating neutrophils by co-administration of immunogenic recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for the treatment of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
Authors: Wang Yueqi , Liu Shuaitong , Yan Juan , Baseer-Tariq Shanza , Salla Bharath , Ji Liangliang , Li Ming , Chi Ping , Deng Liang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare, aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma with a poor prognosis and is insensitive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Loss-of-function of the histone modifying polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) components, EED or SUZ12, is one of the main mechanisms of malignant transformation. In a murine model of MPNST, PRC2-loss tumors have an “immune desert” phenotype and intratumoral (IT) delivery immunogenic modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) sensitized the PRC2-loss tumors to ICB. Here we show that IT MQ833, a second-generation recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara virus, results in neutrophil recruitment and activation and neutrophil-dependent tumor killing in the MPNST model. MQ833 was engineered by deleting three viral immune evasion genes, E5R, E3L, and WR199, and expressing three transgenes, including the two membrane-bound Flt3L and OX40L, and IL-12 with an extracellular matrix anchoring signal. Furthermore, we explored strategies to enhance anti-tumor effects of MQ833 by co-administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).
Why dropping intention of attention to YouTuber channels?
Authors: Wu ChienHsing , Kao Shu-Chen , Chen Jung-Chen 
Published: November 2023

PurposeSocial participation and user-generated contents have engendered an era when “any receiver can be a provider.” Although studies have emphasized on increasing the number of subscribers conducive to platform success, the issue regarding why viewers drop their registered YouTuber channels has been less addressed. This article aims to present and empirically test a causal model to account for the pattern of discontinuous intention of attention to YouTuber channels.Design/methodology/approachInspired by the expectation–disconfirmation theory, the study proposes and examines a research model by using an empirical quantitative approach. The proposed model considers channel and YouTuber facets, as well as potential moderation effects of viewing seniority.FindingsAnalysis of a sample of 406 questionnaires revealed that ads interference is not a significant reason for discontinuation of viewing a channel, in contrast to insufficient playfulness and inconsistency. Regarding YouTubers’ features, both interaction inadequacy and negative self-disclosure are significant determinants of perceived dissatisfaction and discontinuation of viewing. The effects of determinants of discontinuity depend on viewers' seniorities, except for negative self-disclosure.Originality/valueWhile existing studies have focused mainly on revealing the determinants associated with the behavioral intention of viewing YouTuber channels to increase self-media performance, this research contributes insights into the literature investigating why existing viewers stop following a certain YouTuber channel. From a psychological perspective, this study demonstrates the value of modeling discontinuous behaviors toward YouTuber channels in the domain of social marketing.
Pressure from social media: influence of social media usage on career exploration
Authors: Zhang Maoyu , Zhou Shiyu , Wu Yan , Liu Shengming 
Published: November 2023

PurposeDespite the dramatic increase in people's use of social media, relatively few studies have examined its effect on careers. Drawing upon social comparison theory and self-regulation theory, this study aims to investigate how career-oriented social media usage interacts with social comparison orientation (SCO) to influence the career exploration of university students.Design/methodology/approachThree waves of survey data are collected from 482 university students in China. Hypotheses are tested through ordinary least squares analysis.FindingsResults show that career-oriented social media usage increases career anxiety, which in turn promotes career exploration. Furthermore, SCO strengthens such influence of career-oriented social media usage.Originality/valueGiven the limited attention paid to the effects of social media in career contexts, this study distinguishes career-oriented social media usage and proposes insights into its effect on career exploration. In doing so, this study extends social media literature and provides implications for the transition of university students from school to work in the digital era.
Meesho: Will restructuring override win-win HR policies?
Authors: Sharma Moumita , Srivastava Pallavi 
Published: November 2023

Learning outcomes
This case study attempts to sensitize the impact of restructuring on the organization’s employer brand. The students shall learn to appreciate the criticality of maintaining a balance between being an employee-centric organization and building a sustainable business model, to analyze the alternative people management strategies in emerging start-ups.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study illustrates the innovative human resource (HR) policies adopted by the start-up Meesho. Meesho was started as “Fashnear” by two Indian Institute of Technology graduates Sanjeev Barnwal and Vidit Aatrey in the year 2015, with the headquarters located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. It was a social commerce platform wherein the local apparel sellers or manufacturers could register themselves on the app and sell their products online to nearby consumers and the product would be delivered to their homes. Later, it was renamed Meesho (Meri E-Shop) with an improved business model. The innovative people-centric policies got Meesho recognition as one of the most employee-friendly start-ups and an innovative employer. However, later as part of the restructuring exercise, it had to lay off employees, which had a counter impact on its reputation and image as a desirable employer. This case study captures the dilemma faced by start-ups like Meesho who were in the process of sustaining their growth and optimizing their workforce and, at the same time, have to manage their employer brand in the process.

Complexity academic level
This case study can be used at the postgraduate level of management and in executive management programs.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS6: Human resource management.
Growth and dimensions of monkeypox research: a scientometrics study
Authors: Sheeja N.K. , K. Susan Mathew , Cherukodan Surendran 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to analyse the trend of Mpox research in the pre and post-outbreak period. The study compared the growth pattern, major research areas, sources of publications, funding agencies, countries and institutions invested in Mpox research, and institutional and countrywide collaboration patterns in Mpox research in both periods.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on the data retrieved from the Web of Science database for two time frames: the pre-outbreak period (January 1989–April 2022) and the post-outbreak period (May 2022–December 2022). The study is limited to research articles and reviews articles from Web Science. The study used Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer visualization software to derive results.

Findings
The study found few publications on Mpox before the epidemic outbreak, and a steep increase is visible after it. Before and after the Mpox pandemic, the USA ranked first in the production of literature. The focus of research before the outbreak of the epidemic was on virology, which was replaced by infectious diseases during the post-epidemic period. More publications were found available in open-access journals during the post-outbreak time. Author collaboration with US authors from other countries is higher in the post-outbreak period. During the pre-outbreak time, the principal supporters of Mpox research were American funding agencies and institutes. The study reveals that the research in post-outbreak is more concentrated on diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Mpox.

Practical implications
This study offers a systematic literature review on Mpox’s overall research productivity. It contrasted the patterns of this field’s pre- and post-epidemic research. The conclusions of this study will act as a guide for scientists operating all across the world.

Originality/value
A thorough scientometric analysis of the trend of Mpox research in the pre- and post-outbreak period has not been attempted. It will help identify the nature of research on Mpox over the years, which will support future research on Mpox attempted across the globe.
The impact of the US–China trade war on Taiwanese firms' R&D investment and outward investment to technologically advanced countries
Authors: Lai Yu-Cheng , Sarkar Santanu 
Published: November 2023

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the impending relationship between the impact of the US–China trade war on Taiwanese firms' spending on R&D and their offshore investment in technologically advanced countries (TAC), the authors examined if changes in these firms' R&D ratios and the growing presence of skilled workers in Taiwan's labour market during the trade war have affected their offshore investments in TAC.Design/methodology/approach Using a model built on pooled cross-sectional time-series data from 2012–2019, the authors examined whether a change in R&D ratios of domestic firms in Taiwan and the growing presence of skilled workers in Taiwan's labour market have affected the offshore investment by these firms during the trade war. Using data from the Manpower Utilisation Survey, the authors applied differences–in–differences–in–differences and differences–in–differences–in–differences–in–differences estimation methods and found that the trade war indeed gave a boost to Taiwan's job market, particularly for skilled workers.Findings From the estimation results, the authors noticed a rise in employment opportunities alongside a decline in the earnings of skilled workers in industries where more firms have spent on R&D as well as invested in offshore operations. However, firms in Taiwan that had not heavily spent on R&D from industries where investment in foreign operations was otherwise high have also attracted skilled workers during the trade war.Practical implicationsAn in-depth analysis of the impact of the trade war on domestic firms' spending on R&D and their investment in offshore operations in TAC should be helpful to policymakers interested in understanding the effects of the trade war and subsequent changes in firms' spending on R&D on labour market outcomes. If changes in the R&D ratios and a steady supply of skilled workers influenced the outflow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to TAC, this insight could be helpful for those devising policies and measures to curb the impact of the trade war on domestic spending on R&D.Originality/value The study findings not only provide broad lessons to policymakers in Taiwan, but the country case study can guide growing economies that are equally careful while perceiving trade war as a significant deterrent to domestic R&D spending and the outflow of FDI.
Mastering customer lock-in by servitization innovation strategies of asset specificity
Authors: Chiu Wen-Hong , Dai Zong-Jie , Chi Hui-Ru 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore how manufacturing firms master customer lock-in through value creation by servitization innovation strategies from the perspective of asset specificity.

Design/methodology/approach
A multiple case study with triangulation fashion is adopted to identify servitization innovation strategies. Several manufacturing firms were investigated, which are distributed in different positions of the value chain. Content analysis and abductive approaches are adopted to analyze the data. Moreover, an in-depth interview and participatory observation were conducted to refine the analysis results.

Findings
This study identified four different focusing points of servitization operations. Based on these, the paper further induces an innovative servitization strategy matrix of customer lock-in, concerning communion, intellectual, existential and insubstantial strategies. Furthermore, a conceptual model of customer lock-in by servitization innovation from the perspective of asset specificity is elaborated. It is suggested that companies can use tangible or intangible resources by sharing or storing operations to create servitization value.

Originality/value
This study theoretically proposes a conceptual model to extend servitization innovation as an intangible asset and adopt the new perspective of asset specificity to illustrate the value creation in servitization to generate customer lock-in.