bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Organic Ferroelectric Materials from Donor–Acceptor Systems
Authors: Barman Shubhankar , Pal Aritri , Mukherjee Anurag , Paul Swadesh , Datta Anuja , Ghosh Suhrit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic ferroelectric (FE) materials, though known for more than a century, are yet to reach close to the benchmark of inorganic or hybrid materials in terms of the magnitude of polarization. Amongst the different classes of organic systems, donor (D)–acceptor (A) charge‐transfer (CT) complexes are recognized as promising for ferroelectricity owing to their neutral‐to‐ionic phase transition at low temperature. This review presents an overview of different supramolecular D‐A systems that have been explored for FE phase transitions. The discussion begins with a general introduction of ferroelectricity and its different associated parameters. Then it moves on to show early examples of CT cocrystals that have shown FE properties at sub‐ambient temperature. Subsequently, recent developments in the field of room temperature (RT) ferroelectricity, exhibited by H‐bond‐stabilized lock‐arm supramolecular‐ordering (LASO) in D‐A co‐crystals or other FE CT‐crystals devoid of neutral‐ionic phase transition are discussed. Then the discussion moves on to emerging reports on other D‐A soft materials such as gel and foldable polymers; finally it shows very recent developments in ferroelectricity in supramolecular assemblies of single‐component dipolar or ambipolar π‐systems, exhibiting intra‐molecular charge transfer. The effects of structural nuances such as H‐bonding, balanced charge transfer and chirality on the observed ferroelectricity is described with the available examples. Finally, piezoelectricity in recently reported ambipolar ADA‐type systems are discussed to highlight the future potential of these soft materials in micropower energy harvesting.
Exploring the Mechanism, Advancements, and Application of Thermogalvanic Effect in Hydrogels
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Wang Peng , Wu Xiaolong , Liao Yongli , Liu Senyun , Duan Wei , Yue Ying 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe issue of energy consumption has garnered significant interest due to its excessive usage. Recently, thermoelectric devices have been getting increased attention, as they can harness waste heat from various sources, such as solar radiation, human body, and industrial processes. Traditionally, the recovery of low‐grade heat has been a challenge, resulting in unsustainable energy use and significant losses. While considerable advances have been made in thermoelectric materials in recent decades, the majority of these devices still primarily employ semiconductors. Nevertheless, the emergence of quasi‐solid‐state thermoelectric materials represents a novel development with profound promise for the environment and society. These materials offer several advantages, such as improved energy conversion capacities, cost‐effectiveness, versatility, and scalability, to support increased usage. Additionally, this review explores the application of thermoelectric materials in self‐powered sensors, integrated modules, and heat harvesting management. Lastly, the potential of high‐performance thermocouples based on thermogalvanic effects is assessed, along with the challenges that must be overcome to realize this goal.
A dynamical approach to the study of instability near Couette flow
Authors: Li Hui , Masmoudi Nader , Zhao Weiren 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we obtain the optimal instability threshold of the Couette flow for Navier–Stokes equations with small viscosity , when the perturbations are in the critical spaces . More precisely, we introduce a new dynamical approach to prove the instability for some perturbation of size with any small , which implies that is the sharp stability threshold. In our method, we prove a transient exponential growth without referring to eigenvalue or pseudo‐spectrum. As an application, for the linearized Euler equations around shear flows that are near the Couette flow, we provide a new tool to prove the existence of growing modes for the corresponding Rayleigh operator and give a precise location of the eigenvalues.
Towards Biomimetic Recognition of Glycans by Synthetic Receptors
Authors: Milanesi Francesco , Roelens Stefano , Francesconi Oscar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarbohydrates are abundant in Nature, where they are mostly assembled within glycans as free polysaccharides or conjugated to a variety of biological molecules such as proteins and lipids. Glycans exert several functions, including protein folding, stability, solubility, resistance to proteolysis, intracellular traffic, antigenicity, and recognition by carbohydrate‐binding proteins. Interestingly, misregulation of their biosynthesis that leads to changes in glycan structures is frequently recognized as a mark of a disease state. Because of glycan ubiquity, carbohydrate binding agents (CBAs) targeting glycans can lead to a deeper understanding of their function and to the development of new diagnostic and prognostic strategies. Synthetic receptors selectively recognizing specific carbohydrates of biological interest have been developed over the past three decades. In addition to the success obtained in the effective recognition of monosaccharides, synthetic receptors recognizing more complex guests have also been developed, including di‐ and oligosaccharide fragments of glycans, shedding light on the structural and functional requirements necessary for an effective receptor. In this review, the most relevant achievements in molecular recognition of glycans and their fragments will be summarized, highlighting potentials and future perspectives of glycan‐targeting synthetic receptors.
Distributed damping reshaping control with constraints on dual stabilities for grid‐connected inverter in high penetration grid
Authors: Qi Lei , Zhao Wei , Sun Xiaofeng , Li Xin 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe penetration level is limited by the occurrence of harmonic resonance under weakening grid. Under conventional current control, the penetrations with different power scheduling are assessed by the impedance Bode diagrams. To further suppress the current harmonics and improve the penetration with minimum cost, this paper proposes a distributed damping reshaping method by introducing the grid current feedback loop into the modulated wave of the inverter. The additional feedback loop is obtained by moving forward the feedback point of real damping link in hardware loop. Its equivalent control block has actual physical meaning, which helps to design damping coefficient. Further, instead of relying on the experience of engineer to select the damping coefficient, considering the effect of different values of damping on the inverter's performance, a damping design principle with the dual constraints on GCI's self‐stability and the global stability of the system is proposed. In detail, the range of the possible values of damping can be obtained by setting the desired system phase margin and the desired GCI's pole‐zero locations. In this range, the damping parameter, which remains the maximum ability of harmonic suppression for penetration improvement, can be determined by setting the desired damping ratio of the poles near the imaginary axis. Finally, simulations and experimental results were conducted to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
CRLH‐TL‐loaded metamaterial antenna with frequency band and polarization reconfigurability
Authors: Ghosh Kalyanbrata , Chandra Avinash , Kumar Rajkishor , Shah Arpan , Chakraborty Ujjal 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn this communication, an asymmetric co‐planar waveguide (ACPW)–fed composite right–left‐handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL)–based frequency band and polarization reconfigurable antenna (RA) is presented. The reconfigurability is achieved by using a PIN diode. When the diode is in OFF state, meander line works as part of ground. Hence, the antenna is like a circular patch antenna working at 5.15 GHz. In the ON state, the antenna works as a CRLH‐TL‐based antenna with an additional lower band resonating at 2.45 GHz. The antenna also has circular polarization (CP) property. The lower 2.4 GHz band is covering for IEEE 802.11 b/g/n/ax/be applications, whereas the higher band is covering the WiFi bands of IEEE 802.11a/h/n/ac/ax/be applications with CP radiation (upper band). This antenna is effective in a scattering environment such as in urban areas and indoor communication.
Noradrenergic control of neurobehavior in human binge‐eating disorder and obesity (NOBEAD): A smartphone‐supported behavioral emotion regulation intervention study protocol integrating molecular brain imaging
Authors: Hesse Swen , Rullmann Michael , Zientek Franziska , Schewe Danielle , Becker Georg‐Alexander , Patt Marianne , Meyer Philipp M. , Juarascio Adrienne S. , Frank Guido K. W. , Sabri Osama , Hilbert Anja 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe neurobehavioral underpinnings of binge‐eating disorder (BED), co‐occurring with obesity (OB), are largely unknown. This research project conceptualizes BED as a disorder with dysfunctional emotion regulation (ER) linked with changes in central noradrenaline (NA) transmission and NA‐modulated neuronal networks.MethodsWe expect abnormalities in NA activity in both BED and OB, but most pronounced in BED. We expect these abnormalities to be modifiable through state‐of‐the‐art ER intervention, specifically in BED. To assess the role of NA transmission, we will quantify changes in NA transporter (NAT) availability using the highly NAT‐specific [11C]methylreboxetin (MRB) and positron emission tomography‐magnetic resonance imaging (PET‐MRI) that allows measuring molecular and neuronal changes before and after an ER intervention. Individual 12‐session smartphone‐supported acceptance‐based behavioral therapy will be conducted to improve ER. Thirty individuals with OB and BED (OB + BED), 30 individuals with OB without BED (OB ‐ BED), and 20 individuals with normal weight will undergo assessments of NAT availability and neuronal network activity under rest and stimulated conditions, clinical interviews, self‐report questionnaires on eating behavior, ER, mental and physical health, and quality of life, and neuropsychological tests on executive function. Afterwards, in an experimental randomized‐controlled design, individuals with OB + BED and OB ‐ BED will be allocated to smartphone‐supported ER intervention versus a waitlist and re‐assessed after 10 weeks.DiscussionBy obtaining biological and behavioral markers, the proposed study will disentangle the involvement of NAT and the central NA system in the modulation of emotion‐supporting neuronal networks that influence eating behavior. Neurobehavioral mechanisms of change during an ER intervention will be determined.Trial RegistrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): DRKS00029367.Public SignificanceThis study investigates the central noradrenaline system by using hybrid brain imaging in conjunction with emotion regulation as a putative core biological mechanism in individuals with obesity with or without binge‐eating disorder that is targeted by emotion regulation intervention. The results will provide a molecular signature beyond functional imaging biomarkers as a predictive biomarker toward precision medicine for tailoring treatments for individuals with binge‐eating disorders and obesity.
Clinical presentation, shock severity and mortality in patients with de novo versus acute‐on‐chronic heart failure‐related cardiogenic shock
Authors: Sundermeyer Jonas , Kellner Caroline , Beer Benedikt N. , Besch Lisa , Dettling Angela , Bertoldi Letizia Fausta , Blankenberg Stefan , Dauw Jeroen , Dindane Zouhir , Eckner Dennis , Eitel Ingo , Graf Tobias , Horn Patrick , Jozwiak‐Nozdrzykowska Joanna , Kirchhof Paulus , Kluge Stefan , Linke Axel , Landmesser Ulf , Luedike Peter , Lüsebrink Enzo , Majunke Nicolas , Mangner Norman , Maniuc Octavian , Möbius Winkler Sven , Nordbeck Peter , Orban Martin , Pappalardo Federico , Pauschinger Matthias , Pazdernik Michal , Proudfoot Alastair , Kelham Matthew , Rassaf Tienush , Reichenspurner Hermann , Scherer Clemens , Schulze Paul Christian , Schwinger Robert H.G. , Skurk Carsten , Sramko Marek , Tavazzi Guido , Thiele Holger , Villanova Luca , Morici Nuccia , Winzer Ephraim B. , Westermann Dirk , Gustafsson Finn , Schrage Benedikt 
Published: November 2023

AimsHeart failure‐related cardiogenic shock (HF‐CS) accounts for a significant proportion of CS cases. Whether patients with de novo HF and those with acute‐on‐chronic HF in CS differ in clinical characteristics and outcome remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in clinical presentation and mortality between patients with de novo and acute‐on‐chronic HF‐CS.Methods and resultsIn this international observational study, patients with HF‐CS from 16 tertiary care centres in five countries were enrolled between 2010 and 2021. To investigate differences in clinical presentation and 30‐day mortality, adjusted logistic/Cox regression models were fitted. Patients (n = 1030) with HF‐CS were analysed, of whom 486 (47.2%) presented with de novo HF‐CS and 544 (52.8%) with acute‐on‐chronic HF‐CS. Traditional markers of CS severity (e.g. blood pressure, heart rate and lactate) as well as use of treatments were comparable between groups. However, patients with acute‐on‐chronic HF‐CS were more likely to have a higher CS severity and also a higher mortality risk, after adjusting for relevant confounders (de novo HF 45.5%, acute‐on‐chronic HF 55.9%, adjusted hazard ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.10–1.72, p = 0.005).ConclusionIn this large HF‐CS cohort, acute‐on‐chronic HF‐CS was associated with more severe CS and higher mortality risk compared to de novo HF‐CS, although traditional markers of CS severity and use of treatments were comparable. These findings highlight the vast heterogeneity of patients with HF‐CS, emphasize that HF chronicity is a relevant disease modifier in CS, and indicate that future clinical trials should account for this.
Macrophage heterogeneity in atherosclerosis: A matter of context
Authors: Wieland Elias B , Kempen Laura JAP , Donners Marjo MPC , Biessen Erik AL , Goossens Pieter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring atherogenesis, plaque macrophages take up and process deposited lipids, trigger inflammation, and form necrotic cores. The traditional inflammatory/anti‐inflammatory paradigm has proven insufficient in explaining their complex disease‐driving mechanisms. Instead, we now appreciate that macrophages exhibit remarkable heterogeneity and functional specialization in various pathological contexts, including atherosclerosis. Technical advances for studying individual cells, especially single‐cell RNA sequencing, indeed allowed to identify novel macrophage subsets in both murine and human atherosclerosis, highlighting the existence of diverse macrophage activation states throughout pathogenesis. In addition, recent studies highlighted the role of the local microenvironment in shaping the macrophages’ phenotype and function. However, this remains largely undescribed in the context of atherosclerosis. In this review we explore the origins of macrophages and their functional specialization, shedding light on the diverse sources of macrophage accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaque. Next, we discuss the phenotypic diversity observed in both murine and human atherosclerosis, elucidating their distinct functions and spatial distribution within plaques. Finally, we highlight the importance of the local microenvironment in both phenotypic and functional specialization of macrophages in atherosclerosis and elaborate on the need for spatial multiomics approaches to provide a better understanding of the different macrophage subsets’ roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Effectiveness and safety of mono‐ and add‐on perampanel in pediatric patients with epilepsy: Experience from a single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Li Yue , Guo Hong‐Li , Hu Ya‐Hui , Wang Jie , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Huang Jian , Xu Jing , Chen Jing , Lu Xiao‐Peng , Chen Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of perampanel (PER) monotherapy (MT) or add‐on therapy (AT) in Chinese children with epilepsy, as well as to evaluate the data from routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PER for these pediatric patients.MethodsThis retrospective and observational study was carried out on children with epilepsy (n = 340) from 2020 to 2022 at the Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Outcome measures were the responder rate (50% or greater seizure reduction), long‐term efficacy, and tolerability (number and types of adverse events) in MT and AT groups. Concentrations of plasma PER obtained from these patients, if available, were analyzed too.ResultsA total of 279 patients achieved at least 3 months of therapy, and 58.1% responded to PER therapy. 53 of the responders were seizure‐free (32.7%). The retention rate dropped from 88.0% at 3 months to 40.6% at 12 months after treatment. Patients with MT achieved better seizure control than those with AT (P < 0.001). Intriguingly, PER exerted a very weak effect on patients who took more than 2 ASMs or were diagnosed with drug‐resistant epilepsy. There were no significant differences in tolerability between the two groups. In addition, 179 patients were routinely monitored for PER, and the trough concentrations (C0) for these patients ranged from 30.0 to 992.0 ng/mL. However, no significant difference in C0 was observed between responders and nonresponders (333 ng/mL vs 325.5 ng/mL, P = 0.264).SignificanceThis study provides effectiveness and safety data on Chinese children with epilepsy treated with PER either as MT or as AT. The efficacy of patients receiving MT was much better than cases administered with more than 2 ASMs or diagnosed with drug‐resistant epilepsy. In addition, no association was found between the plasma PER concentration and efficacy or safety.Plain Language SummaryThe study reports the effects of perampanel on seizures and adverse effects in Chinese patients with epilepsy younger than 18 years. Seizures decreased in 58.1% of patients (responders); in a third of these responders, seizures stopped. After treatment was started, 88% of patients were still on perampanel at 3 months and 40.6% at 12 months. People who were treated with perampanel only were more likely to respond than those who received perampanel and other antiseizure treatments, although perampanel was tolerated equally well in these groups. Plasma perampanel concentration did not predict seizure response or adverse effects.
Cloud‐fog assisted human tracing and disaster evacuation framework
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Kaur Pankaj Deep , Sood Sandeep Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany kinds of natural hazards and man‐made calamities have occurred in recent years, each of which has left a huge number of victims and has been challenging to deal with. The solution is an effective evacuation planning system, which is gaining the interest of governments, academic institutions, and industries all across the world. This study focuses on quick and organized evacuation from densely populated areas during disasters to decrease damage successfully. This research proposes a fog‐cloud‐assisted effective disaster evacuation framework. The data accumulation layer uses IoT, mobile networks, and GPS technologies to collect environmental and location‐based data to track the inhabitants. The fog layer is utilized for (i) disaster event detection and (ii) human tracing and crowd density analysis. A cloud layer makes it easier for an evacuation algorithm to produce an evacuation map that will point evacuees to the exit while computing a quick and safe path utilizing environmental and inhabitant information gathered from the fog. The findings reveal that the performance of Model A surpasses the split delivery vehicle routing problem model with the minimum demand of vehicles and with improvement of 38.1% average. Also, A* takes less time (18.3 s) than other state‐of‐the‐art techniques to find the best optimal route for evacuation. Implementation and performance analysis demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Insight into the Causal Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Back Pain: A Two Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Hui Jingni , Chen Yujing , Li Chun'e , Gou Yifan , Liu Ye , Zhou Ruixue , Kang Meijuan , Liu Chen , Wang Bingyi , Shi Panxing , Cheng Shiqiang , Yang Xuena , Pan Chuyu , Jia Yumeng , Cheng Bolun , Liu Huan , Wen Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObservational studies have shown that alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with low back pain. However, it remains unclear whether the association is causal. To reveal the causal association between gut microbiota and low back pain, a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is performed. The inverse variance weighted regression (IVW) is performed as the principal MR analysis. MR‐Egger and Weighted Median is further conducted as complementary analysis to validate the robustness of the results. Finally, a reverse MR analysis is performed to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method suggests thatPeptostreptococcaceae(odds ratio [OR] 1.056, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.015–1.098],PIVW= 0.010), andLactobacillaceae(OR 1.070, 95% CI [1.026–1.115],PIVW= 0.003) are positively associated with back pain. TheRuminococcaceae(OR 0.923, 95% CI [0.849–0.997],PIVW= 0.033),Butyricicoccus(OR 0.920, 95% CI [0.868 ‐ 0.972],PIVW= 0.002), andLachnospiraceae(OR 0.948, 95% CI [0.903–0.994],PIVW= 0.022) are negatively associated with back pain. In this study, underlying causal relationships are identified among gut microbiota and low back pain. Notably, further research is needed on the biological mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences low back pain.
A case of an advanced renal collecting duct carcinoma in which initial therapeutic effect was achieved with pembrolizumab plus axitinib
Authors: Atagi Yuichiro , Daizumoto Kei , Mohri Shinsuke , Somiya Kai , Seto Daisuke , Nakanishi Shigeo , Yanagihara Yutaka , Ninomiya Iku , Okamoto Kenjiro , Yamashi Sadamu 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionRenal collecting duct carcinoma is often found in advanced cancers and has a poor prognosis. Here, we present the case of symptomatic metastatic collecting duct carcinoma in which we observed an initial therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Case presentationThe patient was a 69‐year‐old male who was referred to our hospital for examination of a right chest tumor and related pain. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography and tumor biopsy were performed, leading to a diagnosis of collecting duct carcinoma. A combination of pembrolizumab plus axitinib was initiated as first‐line therapy; right chest pain decreased, and tumor shrinkage was observed. Seven months after treatment initiation, tumor progression was noted. Cabozantinib was initiated as second‐line therapy; however, was discontinued due to patient fatigue. The patient died 15 months after the initiation of treatment.ConclusionFor symptomatic metastatic collecting duct carcinoma, pembrolizumab plus axitinib may have initial therapeutic effects.