bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuated growth factor signaling during cell death initiation sensitizes membranes towards peroxidation
Authors: Gollowitzer André , Pein Helmut , Rao Zhigang , Waltl Lorenz , Bereuter Leonhard , Loeser Konstantin , Meyer Tobias , Jafari Vajiheh , Witt Finja , Winkler René , Su Fengting , Große Silke , Thürmer Maria , Grander Julia , Hotze Madlen , Harder Sönke , Espada Lilia , Magnutzki Alexander , Gstir Ronald , Weinigel Christina , Rummler Silke , Bonn Günther , Pachmayr Johanna , Ermolaeva Maria , Harayama Takeshi , Schlüter Hartmut , Kosan Christian , Heller Regine , Thedieck Kathrin , Schmitt Michael , Shimizu Takao , Popp Jürgen , Shindou Hideo , Kwiatkowski Marcel , Koeberle Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cell death programs such as apoptosis and ferroptosis are associated with aberrant redox homeostasis linked to lipid metabolism and membrane function. Evidence for cross-talk between these programs is emerging. Here, we show that cytotoxic stress channels polyunsaturated fatty acids via lysophospholipid acyltransferase 12 into phospholipids that become susceptible to peroxidation under additional redox stress. This reprogramming is associated with altered acyl-CoA synthetase isoenzyme expression and caused by a decrease in growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling, resulting in suppressed fatty acid biosynthesis, for specific stressors via impaired Akt-SREBP1 activation. The reduced availability of de novo synthesized fatty acids favors the channeling of polyunsaturated fatty acids into phospholipids. Growth factor withdrawal by serum starvation mimics this phenotype, whereas RTK ligands counteract it. We conclude that attenuated RTK signaling during cell death initiation increases cells’ susceptibility to oxidative membrane damage at the interface of apoptosis and alternative cell death programs.
Detection of ferrihydrite in Martian red dust records ancient cold and wet conditions on Mars
Authors: Valantinas Adomas , Mustard John F. , Chevrier Vincent , Mangold Nicolas , Bishop Janice L. , Pommerol Antoine , Beck Pierre , Poch Olivier , Applin Daniel M. , Cloutis Edward A. , Hiroi Takahiro , Robertson Kevin , Pérez-López Sebastian , Ottersberg Rafael , Villanueva Geronimo L. , Stcherbinine Aurélien , Patel Manish R. , Thomas Nicolas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Iron oxide-hydroxide minerals in Martian dust provide crucial insights into Mars’ past climate and habitability. Previous studies attributed Mars’ red color to anhydrous hematite formed through recent weathering. Here, we show that poorly crystalline ferrihydrite (Fe5O8H · nH2O) is the dominant iron oxide-bearing phase in Martian dust, based on combined analyses of orbital, in-situ, and laboratory visible near-infrared spectra. Spectroscopic analyses indicate that a hyperfine mixture of ferrihydrite, basalt and sulfate best matches Martian dust observations. Through laboratory experiments and kinetic calculations, we demonstrate that ferrihydrite remains stable under present-day Martian conditions, preserving its poorly crystalline structure. The persistence of ferrihydrite suggests it formed during a cold, wet period on early Mars under oxidative conditions, followed by a transition to the current hyper-arid environment. This finding challenges previous models of continuous dry oxidation and indicates that ancient Mars experienced aqueous alteration before transitioning to its current desert state.
Local halide heterogeneity drives surface wrinkling in mixed-halide wide-bandgap perovskites
Authors: Datta Kunal , van Laar Simone C. W. , Taddei Margherita , Hidalgo Juanita , Kodalle Tim , Aalbers Guus J. W. , Lai Barry , Li Ruipeng , Tamura Nobumichi , Frencken Jordi T. W. , Quiroz Monnens Simon V. , Westbrook Robert J. E. , Graham Daniel J. , Sutter-Fella Carolin M. , Correa-Baena Juan-Pablo , Ginger David S. , Wienk Martijn M. , Janssen René A. J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Compositional heterogeneity in wide-bandgap (1.8 − 2.1 eV) mixed-halide perovskites is a key bottleneck in the processing of high-quality solution-processed thin films and prevents their application in efficient multijunction solar cells. Notably, mixed-cation (formamidinium-methylammonium) wide-bandgap perovskite films are prone to form micrometer-scale wrinkles which can interfere with the smooth surfaces ideal for multijunction devices. Here, we study the formation dynamics of wrinkled mixed-halide perovskite films and its impact on the local composition and optoelectronic properties. We use in situ X-ray scattering during perovskite film formation to show that crystallization of bromide-rich perovskites precedes that of mixed-halide phases in wrinkled films cast using an antisolvent-based process. Using nanoscopic X­-ray fluorescence and hyperspectral photoluminescence imaging, we also demonstrate the formation of iodide- and bromide-rich phases in the wrinkled domains. This intrinsic spatial halide segregation results in an increased local bandgap variation and Urbach energy. Morphological disorder and compositional heterogeneity also aggravate the formation of sub-bandgap electronic defects, reducing photostability and accelerating light-induced segregation of iodide and bromide ions in thin films and solar cells.
Paleoenvironmental and paleobiogeographical significance of Paleocene – early Eocene ostracods in Wadi Tarfa, North Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Moneer El Sayed M. , El-Sheikh Islam , Bazeen Youssef S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates ostracod faunas from the well-preserved Paleocene to lower Eocene sedimentary succession at Wadi Tarfa, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. A total of 22 species and subspecies across 16 genera and 8 families were identified across 57 samples. Three zones were identified: Doricythereis jordanica jordanica Zone, Cytheropteron toshkaensis Zone, and Phalcocythere horraensis Zone, based on the stratigraphic distribution of ostracod fauna. However, correlations with other sections revealed inconsistencies in the first and last occurrences of ostracod species, indicating complexities in regional biostratigraphic correlation by ostracod fauna and the influence of localized depositional factors. Both R-mode and Q-mode clustering analyses were applied to ostracod assemblages, identifying four distinct faunal clusters and five biofacies, reflecting depositional changes from outer neritic to upper bathyal environments. The late Paleocene revealed reduced ostracod diversity, correlating with a deepening marine environment, particularly in the Tarawan Formation. Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analyses indicated significant paleobiogeographic connections between North African and Levantine sites, while faunal differentiation was greater in West African and Middle Eastern regions due to marine barriers.
Rapid evolution of energetic lightning strokes in Mediterranean winter storms
Authors: Kolmašová I. , Santolík O. , Kolínská A. , Pédeboy S. , Lán R. , Uhlíř L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The occurrence of winter lightning concentrates in a few specific regions in the world, including the Mediterranean, where electromagnetic signatures of this interesting dangerous phenomenon have not yet been studied in detail. We investigate the initial stage of energetic negative cloud-to-ground winter lightning flashes in the West Mediterranean region using broadband magnetic field measurements (5 kHz–90 MHz) recorded in winter 2014/2015, which was unusually rich in global lightning activity. We found that the winter pre-stroke processes leading to the high peak current lightning (<−100 kA) lasted on average only 1.7 ms (in one case only 220 µs). Rapid evolution of energetic lightning indicates that leader initiation charge centers can be as low as 500 m above the ground. The measured distribution of pre-stroke pulse amplitudes and interpulse intervals can be used to model the charge structure in the lower thundercloud dipole and to derive the properties of in-cloud lightning channels.
Multivariate compound events drive historical floods and associated losses along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts
Authors: Ali Javed , Wahl Thomas , Morim Joao , Enriquez Alejandra , Gall Melanie , Emrich Christopher T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Compound flooding events are a threat to many coastal regions and can have widespread socio-economic implications. However, their frequency of occurrence, underlying flood drivers, and direct link to past socio-economic losses are largely unknown despite being key to supporting risk and adaptation assessments. Here, we present an impact-based analysis of compound flooding for 203 coastal counties along the U.S. Gulf and East coasts by combining data from multiple flood drivers and socio-economic loss information from 1980 to 2018. We find that ~80% of all flood events recorded in our study area were compound rather than univariate. In addition, we show that historical compound flooding events in most counties were driven by more than two flood drivers (hydrological, meteorological, and/or oceanographic) and distinct spatial clusters exist that exhibit variability in the underlying driver of compound flood events. Furthermore, we find that in more than 80% of the counties, over 80% of recorded property and crop losses were linked to compound flooding. Nearly 80% of counties have a higher median loss from compound than univariate events. For these counties, the median property loss is over 26 times greater, and the median crop loss is over 76 times greater for compound events on average. Our analysis overcomes some of the limitations of previous compound-event studies based on pre-defined flood drivers and offers new insights into the complex relationship between hazards and associated socio-economic impacts.
Invertibility of Sobolev maps through approximate invertibility at the boundary and tangential polyconvexity
Authors: Mur-Callizo David , Mora-Corral Carlos 
Published: February 2025

We work in a class of Sobolev $W^{1,p}$ maps, with $p > d-1$, from a bounded open set $\Omega \subset \Rd$ to $\Rd$ that do not exhibit cavitation and whose trace on $\partial \Omega$ is also $W^{1,p}$. Under the assumptions that the Jacobian is positive and the deformation can be approximated on the boundary by injective maps, we show that the deformation is injective. We prove the existence of minimizers in this class for functionals accounting for a nonlinear elastic energy and a boundary energy. The energy density in $\O$ is assumed to be polyconvex, while the energy density in $\p \O$ is assumed to be tangentially polyconvex, a new type of polyconvexity on $\partial \Omega$.
Brazilian medical oncologists: current and future perspectives for 2020
Authors: Portich Júlia Plentz , Giacomazzi Juliana , Morelle Alessandra Menezes , Rosa Daniela Dornelles , Rossari José Roberto Freitas , de Azambuja Evandro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Objective: In the USA there will be a shortage of medical oncologists by 2020. In Europe, a recent study showed that almost all analyzed countries will reach the estimated need. However, no data on this subject is available for Brazil, a developing country with a high cancer incidence. The aim of this study was to predict the Brazilian scenario for 2020. The number of practicing medical oncologists was obtained through Federal Council of Medicine in August 2014.
Methods: Data on cancer incidence (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) since 2008 were obtained from Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA).
Results: Cancer incidence estimates for year 2020 were analyzed assuming a stable increase between 2014 and the subsequent years. Ratios of new cancer cases versus number of medical oncologists were calculated for 2014 and for 2020 per each Brazilian region. Based on the variation ratio per year, the Brazilian cancer incidence in 2020 is estimated to be 393,75/100,000 compared with 289,44/100,000 in 2014. The number of medical oncologists in Brazil will increase by 2020 in comparison to 2014, especially due to the growth of training vacancies. There will still be a heterogeneous distribution of medical oncologists through the different Brazilian regions and also a high number of patients per MO.
Conclusion: The more critic region to oncology care seems to be the Midwest. This survey shows the need of a monitoring and planning program in oncology assistance in all Brazilian regions.
Analysis of TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) Data for Prognosis, Risk Categorization, and Survival of AML Patients Using Bioinformatics
Authors: Rishi Bhavika , Zaman Shamsuz , Siraj Fouzia , Vishmaya Sree , Dhanda Himanshu , Kaur Manpreet , Swain Sandeep , Noor Baseer , Chaudhry Sumita , Jain Ankur , Prabhakar Prashant , Singh Amitabh , Misra Aroonima 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a leading cause of mortality among Indian children and adults, driven by diverse genetic and epigenetic abnormalities. Limited access to genomic sequencing in India due to resource constraints has hindered a comprehensive understanding of prognostic factors specific to this population.
Objectives This study aims to analyze publicly available genomic data using statistical and bioinformatics tools to identify key prognostic markers relevant to Indian AML patients.
Materials and Methods The study utilized tumor/normal pair data from 200 adult de novo AML patients, obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database, analyzed using cBioPortal. Statistical and bioinformatics tools were employed to assess the impact of existing prognostic targets on disease response and to identify variables with clinical relevance and practical testing feasibility.
Results Analysis of the TCGA-AML data set identified high-frequency gene mutations (≥ 10%) and well-defined cytogenetic subtypes, including t(8;21)(q22;q22), NPM1 mutations, and CEBPA mutations as key factors for future prognostic evaluation. These findings will contribute to the development of a prognostic scoring system using R programming in future.
Conclusion This study offers insights into the cytogenetic and mutational landscape of AML in the Indian population, identifying critical genetic and cytogenetic markers with the potential to enhance prognostication, guide treatment strategies, and inform transplant decisions. Using R tools like limma and edgeR, differential expression analysis identified five key genes—NPM1, FLT3, IDH2, RUNX1, and STAG2—as significantly upregulated in AML. Notably, STAG2 emerges as a novel marker with potential prognostic significance, warranting validation in larger Indian cohorts. These findings may help uncover novel therapeutic targets not currently recognized in Western populations, paving the way for a more tailored and personalized approach to treatment in India. By leveraging global genomic databases, this research addresses regional gaps in knowledge. Future work should focus on validating these findings through large-scale studies in Indian cohorts to ensure their broader applicability and impact.
Aligning curriculum design with proficiency levels in a Chinese language program
Authors: Liu Yu , Moody Steve 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the proficiency progress of Chinese L2 learners in a four-year Chinese language program using
the OPI and HSK assessments to explore benchmarks for proficiency-based program design. Findings indicated that students advanced
approximately one HSK level per year in reading and listening skills. In speaking, they advanced more than one sub-level per
semester; however, their progress slowed significantly upon reaching the ACTFL advanced level. Students completed the program
close to HSK level 5 in reading and listening and at the ACTFL advanced-mid level in speaking. A significant correlation between
HSK and OPI scores was found, suggesting that both assessments effectively measure language proficiency. The results also confirm
strong alignment between the curriculum and the program’s learning objectives in terms of proficiency achievement.
Fostering language and intercultural learning through a cross-institutional community-engaged project
Authors: Geng Ziyi , Cai Luoyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates the development of intercultural competence (IC) in proficiency-based Chinese as a Foreign
Language classroom through a cross-institutional community-engaged project. Under the framework of NCSSFL-ACTFL Can-Do Statements
of IC (NCSSFL-ACTFL, 2017), direct and indirect evidence from 28 learners from two
universities in the U.S. revealed improvement in IC when students investigated cultural perspectives and interacted with community
members and peers. Students’ positive attitudes toward this pedagogical approach, combined with language proficiency training and
IC development, further affirm the effectiveness of these initiatives in promoting online cultural exchange and community-engaged
learning. Additionally, students’ original degree of familiarity regarding certain cultural themes before the project emerged as a
significant factor in IC development.
Parametric solutions to the Kerr separatrix
Authors: Ng Tammy , Teo Edward 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Kerr separatrix is a boundary in parameter space that separates bound orbits from plunging orbits in the Kerr black hole space-time. Recently, Stein and Warburton found a polynomial equation for the location of the separatrix, for two different choices of inclination parameter. Following a method of Levin and Perez-Giz developed for the equatorial case, we use a correspondence between homoclinic orbits and unstable spherical orbits to derive explicit solutions to the separatrix polynomials. These solutions are parametrised in terms of the radius of the unstable spherical orbit.
Twist-angle modulation on bandgaps in twisted bilayer γ-graphyne and graphdiyne
Authors: Feng Lanting , Xu Weiyi , Luo Haoyu , Yu Guodong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In semiconductor technology, bandgap engineering is a cornerstone challenge that continues to evolve. By employing the full and low-energy tight-binding model, we focused on the effects of twist-angle on the bandgaps of twisted bilayer γ-graphyne and graphdiyne. Our results indicated that reducing the twist-angle from 21.79○ to 0.67○ can significantly narrow the bandgap by as much as 0.5 eV. Drawing on the concept of hybridization, this reduction in bandgap is elucidated by the average of the interlayer coupling on the valence band maximum state and conduction band minimum state. Our research presents a versatile approach to bandgap modulation in 2D semiconductors.
Generative Tandem Neural Network for Optimization of Nanophotonic Color Splitters
Authors: Acharige Didulani , Johlin Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tandem neural networks have seen success in the inverse design of nanophotonic structures. However, unlike other generative inverse design approaches, these networks typically suffer from a significant limitation as they are single input single output networks with zero diversity. To address this limitation we propose a novel single input, multiple output tandem network specifically for the inverse design of color splitter nanophotonic structures. The color splitters can separate and redirect different colors of light into spatially separated pixels, thereby replacing the color filters used in digital cameras to mitigate absorptive losses. We additionally combine iterative transfer learning approaches to allow training on a small dataset of higher quality samples created through topology optimization, with the training based on a labeled dataset of just 128 labelled samples. The forward network is shown to work well in both interpolation and extrapolation, while a deficiency in the performance of the inverse network in extrapolation can be overcome by use of an additional genetic algorithm optimization. Overall, the tandem network combined with genetic optimization allows significant improvement in the performance of the nanophotonic structures, even compared to traditional gradient-based topology optimization. This technique promises more effective and resource-efficient approach at general optimization, marking a significant advance in the algorithmic design of nanophotonic devices.
Simulation and Optimization of MoS₂ Layers in Solar Cells Using SCAPS-1D: A Comparative Study with Experimental Results
Authors: Van Duong Phuc , Le Phuong Thi Phuong , Kim Cuc Nguyen Thi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
MoS2 a two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD), has garnered significant interest for its promising applications in semiconductors and solar cells due to its unique photovoltaic properties. This work investigates the role of MoS2 layers in enhancing solar cell performance, with a focus on layer optimization through both simulation and experimental validation. Using the SCAPS-1D simulation tool, we analyze and optimize key parameters such as layer thickness, defect density, band gap, temperature, and buffer layer, aiming to maximize photovoltaic performance. The impact of these parameters on critical performance metrics including power conversion efficiency (PCE), open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), and fill factor (FF) is examined. Simulation results are compared with experimental data, highlighting key discrepancies and confirming the accuracy of the model. The study reveals that optimal layer parameters, including a thickness of 50 nm, acceptor density of 100x1018 cm⁻³, band gap of 1.2 eV, and a temperature of 300 K, result in a significant boost in solar cell efficiency. With these optimal parameters, the PCE reaches 21.06%, demonstrating a clear path toward high-performance solar cell design. This research bridges theoretical simulations and practical applications, offering valuable insights into the design and optimization of MoS2-based solar cells.
A precise fitting formula for gravitational wave spectra from the sound shell model
Authors: Guo Huai-ke , Hajkarim Fazlollah , Sinha Kuver , White Graham , Xiao Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Obtaining a precise form for the predicted gravitational wave (GW) spectrum from a phase transition is a topic of great relevance for beyond Standard Model (BSM) physicists. Currently, the most sophisticated semi-analytic framework for estimating the dominant contribution to the spectrum is the sound shell model; however, full calculations within this framework can be computationally expensive, especially for large-scale scans. The community therefore generally manages with fit functions to the GW spectrum, the most widely used of which is a single broken power law. We provide a more precise fit function based on the sound shell model: our fit function features a double broken power law with two frequency breaks corresponding to the two characteristic length scales of the problem — inter-bubble spacing and thickness of sound shells, the second of which is neglected in the single broken power law fit. Compared to previously proposed fits, we demonstrate that our fit function more faithfully captures the GW spectrum coming from a full calculation of the sound shell model, over most of the space of the thermodynamic parameters governing the phase transition. The physical origins of the fit parameters and their dependence on the thermodynamic parameters are studied in the underlying sound shell model: in particular, we perform a series of detailed scans for these quantities over the plane of the
strength of the phase transition (α) and the bubble wall velocity (vw
). Wherever possible, we comment on the physical interpretations of these scans. From a user-end perspective, we provide data files and scripts in Python and Mathematica that can be directly utilized by a front-end user to generate accurate GW spectra with our fit function, given initial inputs of α, vw
, β/H (nucleation rate parameter) and Tn
(nucleation temperature) for the relevant BSM scenario. https://github.com/SFH2024/precise-fit-fopt-gw.