bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of control beliefs on the cardiovascular fitness of college students: the chain mediating effect of subjective exercise experience and exercise adherence
Authors: Lv Hewu , Zhang Ting , Li Bo , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Lack of adequate physical exercise is the main reason for the frequent occurrence of health problems among Chinese college students. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of control beliefs on cardiovascular fitness among college students and the mediating role of subjective exercise experience and exercise adherence in it.

Methods
The Control Belief Scale, the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES), and the Exercise Adherence Scale were used to investigate 1854 freshmen and sophomores in Nantong and Suzhou, China. Cardiovascular fitness data for college students from the National Student Physical Health Standard and SPSS 23.0 statistical analysis software were used to carry out statistics and analyses on the questionnaires. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and mediation models were used to assess control beliefs, subjective exercise experiences, exercise adherence, and cardiovascular fitness.

Results
The control belief of college students was directly related to cardiovascular fitness (effect value: 0.121), the mediating effect through subjective exercise experience was not significant, indirectly related through the mediating effect of exercise adherence (effect value: 0.101), and indirectly related through the mediating effect of subjective exercise experience and exercise adherence (effect value: 0. 019). The positive prediction effect of control belief on cardiovascular fitness of college students was significant (β = 0.267, P < 0.001), and the positive prediction effect of control belief on cardiovascular fitness of college students was still significant (β = 0.121, P < 0.01) after adding the intermediary variables (subjective exercise experience and exercise adherence).

Conclusions
The cardiovascular fitness of college students was not only directly affected by control beliefs but also affected by the chain mediating effect of subjective exercise experience and exercise adherence. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the control beliefs, subjective exercise experiences, and exercise adherence of college students to improve their cardiovascular fitness level and enhance their physical health.
Physical and psychosocial challenges of people with gender dysphoria: a content analysis study
Authors: Ghiasi Zahra , Khazaei Fatemeh , Khosravi Mohsen , Rezaee Nasrin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
The mismatch between the gender experienced by a person and the gender attributed to him/her leads to gender dysphoria. It seems that people’s perception of gender dysphoria is affected by individual, cultural, and sociological factors and these factors affect different aspects of their biological, psychological, and social health. To this end, this qualitative study aimed to identify the physical, psychological, and social challenges of people with gender dysphoria referring to the Department of forensic medicine in Iran.

Methods
This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis on 9 individuals who were selected through purposive sampling. A total of 16 interviews were conducted with 9 participants. Each interview lasted 60–90 min. The participants’ gender dysphoria was confirmed by the Department of forensic medicine. The data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with the participants.

Results
The data revealed 3 main categories and 10 subcategories. The main categories were living in agony, confusion, and social concerns. The subcategories were annoying physical characteristics, mental suffering, disturbing sexual changes, concerns about public reaction, helplessness, surrender, the final solution, retreating to isolation, stressful family conditions, and lack of public recognition.

Conclusion
The findings showed that people with gender dysphoria suffer from some problems including living in agony, confusion, and social concerns. Each of these problems is associated with several challenges. It seems that most of the challenges faced by people with gender dysphoria are caused by unawareness of their conditions by the family and the public, which in turn is caused by the failure of related organizations and experts in this field to provide adequate information about the conditions of these people. Thus, the findings of the present study can have some implications for resolving the challenges faced by people with gender dysphoria.
Effectiveness of health management team program to enhance prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in Ningxia, China
Authors: Zhang Chenglei , Huang Yongxiang , Ji Liying , Zhu Qian , Wang Lixin , Wang Jingjiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission interruption (PMTCT) poses a formidable challenge in underdeveloped regions of China. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PMTCT and the health management team (HMT) model in Ningxia, China, as well as the risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Methods
The PMTCT + HMT model was established, and 360 pregnant women diagnosed with HBV infection in 2020–2022 were selected and divided into the control and the study groups based on different intervention modes. HBV serum markers and HBV DNA levels were assessed, the indicators of compliance behaviors and adverse outcomes were compared, and the factors influencing adverse outcomes were analyzed.

Results
The majority of subjects were residents of the local city, married, with secondary school or higher education, and employees of public sectors. The proportion of ethnic minorities was 40.8% and 34.2% in the control group and study group. HBeAg positivity was 23.3% and 26.3%, and the proportion with HBV DNA levels ≥ 2 × 105 IU/mL was 9.2% and 7.1%. Compared with the control group (PMTCT alone), the PMTCT + HMT model led to improved maternal knowledge (17.5% vs. 57.1%), voluntary counseling (34.2% vs. 63.3%), and testing (37.5% vs. 70.4%). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes ((including miscarriage, preterm birth) decreased significantly (17.5% vs. 6.2%), as did adverse neonatal outcomes (low birth weight and congenital HBV) (26.9% vs. 10.5%). Adverse outcomes were associated with low educational attainment, non-locals, unmarried status, and ethnic minority identity. Additionally, HBeAg positivity and HBV DNA levels ≥ 2 × 105 IU/mL were risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Conclusions
The PMTCT + HMT model demonstrates significant effectiveness in preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B in Ningxia. The unique demographic structure of Ningxia region is closely linked to poor outcomes, emphasizing the importance of monitoring HBeAg status and HBV DNA viral load level.
“What if I get sick, where shall I go?”: a qualitative investigation of healthcare engagement among young gay and bisexual men in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Mwaniki Samuel Waweru , Kaberia Peter Mwenda , Mugo Peter Mwangi , Palanee-Phillips Thesla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (YMSM) experience a disproportionate burden of disease compared to young heterosexual men and older MSM. However, YMSM experience major inequities in access and use of health services. We sought to gain a detailed understanding of YMSM’s healthcare engagement experiences across public, private, tertiary institution-based and MSM-friendly health facilities in Nairobi, Kenya, to inform development of interventions to improve access and use of health services by YMSM.

Methods
In September 2021, in-person qualitative in-depths interviews were conducted among 22 YMSM purposively sampled from 248 YMSM who had previously participated in a respondent-driven sampling integrated bio-behavioral survey. Interviews were done in English, transcribed verbatim and analyzed descriptively using NVivo version 12.

Results
Participants were 18–24 years old, all identified as cisgender male, three-quarters as gay and a quarter as bisexual. Themes that were defined from the analysis included: YMSM’s experiences during healthcare seeking in various clinical settings, priority health needs, desired healthcare provider (HCP) characteristics, and the potential role of digital health interventions in improving access and use of health services. Participants relayed experiences of prejudice, stigma and discrimination when seeking services in public and institution-based health facilities, unlike in community pharmacies, private and MSM-friendly health facilities where they felt they were handled with dignity. Health needs prioritized by YMSM centered on prevention and control of HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), depression and substance abuse. Participants desired HCPs who were empathetic, non-judgmental and knowledgeable about their unique health needs such as management of anorectal STIs. Participants highlighted the usefulness of digital media in offering telehealth consultations and health education on subjects such as HIV/STIs prevention.

Conclusion
During engagement with healthcare, YMSM experience various barriers that may cause them to postpone or avoid seeking care hence resulting in poor health outcomes. There is need to equip HCPs with knowledge, skills and cultural competencies to enable them offer equitable services to YMSM. Considerations should also be made for use of digital health interventions that may help YMSM circumvent some of the aforementioned barriers to service access and use.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and Stroke in the US population: evidence from NHANES 1999–2018
Authors: Mao Yukang , Weng Jiayi , Xie Qiyang , Wu Lida , Xuan Yanling , Zhang Jun , Han Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
There is an increasing awareness that diet-related inflammation may have an impact on the stroke. Herein, our goal was to decipher the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with stroke in the US general population.

Methods
We collected the cross-sectional data of 44,019 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018. The association of DII with stroke was estimated using weighted multivariate logistic regression, with its nonlinearity being examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for identifying key stroke-related dietary factors, which was then included in the establishment of a risk prediction nomogram model, with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve being built to evaluate its discriminatory power for stroke.

Results
After confounder adjustment, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke across higher DII quartiles were 1.19 (0.94–1.54), 1.46 (1.16–1.84), and 1.87 (1.53–2.29) compared to the lowest quartile, respectively. The RCS curve showed a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke. The nomogram model based on key dietary factors identified by LASSO regression displayed a considerable predicative value for stroke, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 79.8% (78.2–80.1%).

Conclusions
Our study determined a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke in the US general population. Given the intrinsic limitations of cross-sectional study design, it is necessary to conduct more research to ensure the causality of such association.
Are physical activity and sleep associated with emotional self-regulation in toddlers? a cross-sectional study
Authors: D’Cruz Abhigale F. L. , Downing Katherine L. , Sciberras Emma , Hesketh Kylie D. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Toddlerhood (2–3 years) is a crucial period for the development of physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation skills. Although there is growing evidence of positive associations between physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation in school-aged children, the associations in toddlers remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to examine the association between physical activity, sleep, and emotional self-regulation in toddlers.

Methods
Baseline data from 1350 toddlers (2.2 ± 0.33 year) from the Let’s Grow randomised controlled trial were used. Toddlers’ total physical activity (TPA) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were assessed via 4 + days of accelerometry and a 3-item parent-report scale. Parent-reported total sleep quantity was calculated using the sum of average night-time sleep and daytime nap durations. Sleep behaviour data including bedtime routine, bedtime resistance, sleep onset-delay, sleep duration, and night waking were collected using relevant subsections from the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire revised (BISQ-R). A 4-item parent-report scale adapted from the Fast Track Project Child Behaviour Questionnaire was used to assess toddlers’ emotional self-regulation. Linear regression models were used, adjusting for child age, sex, and parental education.

Results
Accelerometer-derived TPA, MVPA and parent-reported TPA were not associated with emotional self-regulation. Higher parent-reported MVPA (B = -0.01 CI95 -0.03, -0.003) was associated with poorer emotional self-regulation. Higher sleep duration was associated with better emotional self-regulation (B = 0.06 CI95 0.04, 0.08). The five sleep behaviours assessed were also positively associated with emotional self-regulation (all p < 0.01), with fewer problem sleep behaviours being associated with better emotional self-regulation.

Conclusions
This cross-sectional study suggests that sleep may be important for emotional self-regulation in toddlers, but the role of physical activity remains unclear. These findings suggest that interventions targeting sleep duration and sleep behaviours during the early toddler years may benefit the positive development of emotional self-regulation skills in this population.
Polish pregnant women’s knowledge on early childhood caries prevention and oral hygiene in children
Authors: Domosławska-Żylińska Katarzyna , Łopatek Magdalena , Krysińska-Pisarek Magdalena , Wiśniewska Paulina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic diseases among children. In Poland 86.9% of six-year-olds have ECC. One of the factors determining adherence to ECC prophylaxis and oral hygiene is mothers’ knowledge. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge demonstrated by pregnant women about ECC prevention and oral hygiene, and to analyse the determinants of this knowledge.MethodsA quantitative survey was conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interview technique on a randomly selected representative sample of 1,000 women over the age of 18 in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The significance level was established at 0.05 andp-values were presented as:p < 0.05,p < 0.01 andp < 0.001.ResultsThe highest percentage of wrong or “I don’t know” answers were related to questions about: the number of free dental check-ups for children (76.8%), the date of the child’s first visit to the dentist (66.5%), the age when the child has mixed dentition (72.2%). Women with higher education had better knowledge than women with lower or secondary education. Women with good and very good financial situation showed a higher level of knowledge compared to women with average, bad and very bad financial situation.ConclusionsWhen developing prevention strategies and educational programs as part of prenatal care for women to reduce the incidence of ECC, it is important to take into account the identified areas that need support and specific target groups (mothers with lower socioeconomic status).
Vitamin D3 improved hypoxia-induced lung injury by inhibiting the complement and coagulation cascade and autophagy pathway
Authors: Dai Chongyang , Lin Xue , Qi Yinglian , Wang Yaxuan , Lv Zhongkui , Zhao Fubang , Deng Zhangchang , Feng Xiaokai , Zhang Tongzuo , Pu Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary metabolic dysfunction can cause lung tissue injury. There is still no ideal drug to protect against hypoxia-induced lung injury, therefore, the development of new drugs to prevent and treat hypoxia-induced lung injury is urgently needed. We aimed to explore the ameliorative effects and molecular mechanisms of vitamin D3 (VD3) on hypoxia-induced lung tissue injury.

Methods
Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: normoxia, hypoxia, and hypoxia + VD3. The rat model of hypoxia was established by placing the rats in a hypobaric chamber. The degree of lung injury was determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, lung water content, and lung permeability index. Transcriptome data were subjected to differential gene expression and pathway analyses. In vitro, type II alveolar epithelial cells were co-cultured with hepatocytes and then exposed to hypoxic conditions for 24 h. For VD3 treatment, the cells were treated with low and high concentrations of VD3.

Results
Transcriptome and KEGG analyses revealed that VD3 affects the complement and coagulation cascade pathways in hypoxia-induced rats, and the genes enriched in this pathway were Fgb/Fga/LOC100910418. Hypoxia can cause increases in lung edema, inflammation, and lung permeability disruption, which are attenuated by VD3 treatment. VD3 weakened the complement and coagulation cascade in the lung and liver of hypoxia-induced rats, characterized by lower expression of fibrinogen alpha chain (Fga), fibrinogen beta chain (Fgb), protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), protease-activated receptor 3 (PAR3), protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4), complement (C) 3, C3a, and C5. In addition, VD3 improved hypoxic-induced type II alveolar epithelial cell damage and inflammation by inhibiting the complement and coagulation cascades. Furthermore, VD3 inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy in vivo and in vitro, which was abolished by the mitophagy inducer, carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP).

Conclusion
VD3 alleviated hypoxia-induced pulmonary edema by inhibiting the complement and coagulation cascades and autophagy pathways.
Circ_0027885 sponges miR-203-3p to regulate RUNX2 expression and alleviates osteoporosis progression
Authors: Fang Shuhua , Cao Dingwen , Wu Zhanpo , Chen Jie , Huang Yafei , Shen Ying , Gao Zengxin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive metabolic disorder that is difficult to cure clinically. The molecular mechanisms of OP urgently need to be further examined. This study was designed to explore the potential function of circ_0027885 during osteogenic differentiation, as well as the systematic interactions among circ_0027885, miR-203-3p and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2).

Methods
Relative levels of circ_0027885, miR-203-3p and RUNX2 were analyzed with RT-qPCR and western blotting. Alizarin red staining was performed to detect the mineralization ability under the control of circ_0027885 and miR-203-3p. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to examine the combination among circ_0027885, miR-203-3p and RUNX2.

Results
Our research demonstrated that circ_0027885 was significantly increased during hBMSCs differentiation. Overexpression of circ_0027885 notably facilitated osteogenic differentiation and upregulated RUNX2 expression, while knockdown of circ_0027885 reversed the above results. Through prediction on bioinformatics analysis, miR-203-3p was the target binding circ_0027885, and RUNX2 was the potential target of miR-203-3p. Subsequently, these changes induced by the overexpression of circ_0027885 were reversed upon addition of miR-203-3p mimic.

Conclusions
Circ_0027885 could sponge miR-203-3p to regulate RUNX2 expression and alleviate osteoporosis progression.
Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in hip fracture patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yao Wei , Sun Xiaojia , Tang Wanyun , Wang Wei , Lv Qiaomei , Ding Wenbo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to systematically assess the incidence and risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in hip fracture patients by meta-analysis.

Methods
Systematically searched four English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and Web Of Science) and four Chinese databases (CNKI, CQVIP, Sinomed, and WAN FANG) from inception until 20 November 2023. All studies involving risk factors of HAP in patients with hip fractures were considered. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. The results were presented with the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results
Of 35 articles (337,818 patients) included in this study, the incidence of HAP was 89 per 1000 cases. Twenty-three risk factors were eventually involved in the meta-analysis, and 21 risk factors were significant. Our study has identified four significant risk factors (advanced age, preoperative time, COPD, and hypoalbuminemia) associated with HAP, as follows: Advanced age as a continuous variable (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05–1.10), Advanced age > 70 years (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.77–3.09), Advanced age > 80 years (OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.06–4.31), Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.83–4.19), Time from injury to operation as a continuous variable (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07–1.12), Time from injury to operation ≥48 h (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.88–4.48), Hypoalbuminemia < 3.0 g/dL (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.93–4.73), and Hypoalbuminemia < 3.5 g/dL (OR 2.68, 95% CI 2.15–3.36). However, it is important to note that all the studies included in our research were retrospective in nature, which introduces certain limitations to the level of evidence and the ability to establish causal inferences.

Discussion
Patients who have suffered hip fractures are at an increased risk of developing postoperative hospital-acquired pneumonia, which can lead to prolonged hospital stays and adverse clinical outcomes. Consequently, the identification of these risk factors offers novel insights and methodologies for healthcare professionals in terms of both prevention and treatment.

Trial registration
Registration number: INPLASY2022100091.