bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weekly vinblastine in pediatric low‐grade glioma patients with carboplatin allergic reaction
Authors: Lafay‐Cousin Lucie , Holm Stefan , Qaddoumi Ibrahim , Nicolin Gary , Bartels Ute , Tabori Uri , Huang Annie , Bouffet Eric 
Published: April 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarboplatin‐based regimens have demonstrated activity in unresectable low‐grade glioma (LGG) in children. Despite an interesting toxicity profile, the use of these regimens has been limited by the development of carboplatin hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) in up to 30% of patients. Desensitization has been the recommended approach for HSR. However, no guidelines have existed to aid physicians when carboplatin desensitization techniques fail.METHODSA pilot study of monotherapy with weekly vinblastine for LGG in 9 children who developed carboplatin HSR on a carboplatin and vincristine regimen was performed.RESULTSVinblastine toxicity was moderate and readily manageable. None of the 9 patients had disease progression on therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of tumor size from diagnosis to the end of vinblastine treatment showed 1 complete response (CR), 1 partial response (PR), 5 objective effects (OE), and 2 stable diseases (SD).CONCLUSIONSThis experience suggested that weekly vinblastine has a good efficacy to toxicity ratio in the treatment of LGG and can be a valuable option for children who develop severe HSR. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Localization of the three GnRH types and GnRH receptors in the brain of a cichlid fish: Insights into their neuroendocrine and neuromodulator functions
Authors: Soga Tomoko , Ogawa Satoshi , Millar Robert P. , Sakuma Yasuo , Parhar Ishwar S. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe cognate receptor for any of the known gonadotropin‐releasing hormones (GnRHs) has not been directly demonstrated. In order to establish this and shed light on the functions of GnRH types, we analyzed the neuroanatomical location and time of initial expression of three distinct GnRH receptors (GnRH‐Rs) and the three endogenous GnRHs in the brain of developing and sexually mature tilapia Oreochromis niloticus using immunocytochemistry. In all age groups, including males and females, GnRH‐RIA was seen specifically in gonadotropes (Parhar et al. [2002] J Neuroendocrinol 14:657–665) but was undetectable in the brain. On day 8 after fertilization, GnRH‐RIB was first seen in the periventricular hypothalamus (lateral recess nucleus, posterior recess nucleus, posterior tuberal nucleus) and GnRH‐RIII in the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, telencephalon, preoptic region, mediobasal hypothalamus, thalamus, mesencephalon, and in the hindbrain. Double‐label immunocytochemistry showed GnRH1 (Ser8 GnRH)‐immunoreactive neuronal processes projecting mainly to the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary, while GnRH2 (His5, Trp7, Tyr8 GnRH) and GnRH3 (Trp7, Leu8 GnRH) fibers were observed in close association with cells containing GnRH‐RIB and GnRH‐RIII in the brain. These results suggest that GnRH‐RIA might be hypophysiotropic in nature, whereas GnRH‐RIB and GnRH‐RIII could have additional neuromodulatory functions. Further, evidence of close proximity of GnRH‐R‐containing cells and neuronal processes of multiple GnRH types suggests complex cross‐talk between several GnRH ligands and GnRH‐Rs. J. Comp. Neurol. 487:28–41, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microzonal projection and climbing fiber remodeling in single olivocerebellar axons of newborn rats at postnatal days 4–7
Authors: Sugihara Izumi 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAn adult olivocerebellar axon ramifies into about seven climbing fibers that innervate single Purkinje cells arranged in a longitudinal microzone. To clarify the developmental basis of this projection, individual olivocerebellar axons were labeled with biotinylated dextran amine injected into the inferior olive in rats at postnatal days 4–7. The entire trajectories of single olivocerebellar axons and single terminal arbors of climbing fibers were reconstructed from serial sections of the cerebellum and medulla. Single axons ramified into climbing fibers that terminated in a narrow band‐shaped area comparable to the adult microzone. This indicated that olivocerebellar microzones are predetermined. Terminal arbors of climbing fibers were remodeled from loose creeper type, through intermediate transitional type, into dense nest type. Each olivocerebellar axon had some 100 nascent climbing fibers in the creeper stage, whereas each axon had about 10 climbing fibers and about as many atrophic climbing fibers in the nest stage. This decrease indicated that overabundant nascent climbing fibers degenerate concomitantly with the remodeling of remaining climbing fibers. Atrophic terminal arbors and non‐climbing fiber thin collaterals were considered the intermediate forms of degenerating climbing fibers. This remodeling and degeneration of climbing fibers may be related to the electrophysiological regression of climbing fiber‐Purkinje cell synapses. The remodeling of climbing fibers occurred earliest in lobules VIII (caudal part) and IXa‐b, and then in lobules IXc and X. The more developed granular layer in these areas compared to other areas suggests that the cortical environment triggers climbing fiber remodeling. J. Comp. Neurol. 487:93–106, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression profile analysis within the human hippocampus: Comparison of CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons
Authors: Ginsberg Stephen D. , Che Shaoli 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe hippocampus contains several distinct cell types that are interconnected by a well‐characterized series of synaptic circuits. To evaluate molecular and cellular signatures of individual cell types within the normal adult human hippocampal formation, expression profile analysis was performed on individual CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons using a novel single cell RNA amplification methodology coupled with custom‐designed cDNA array analysis. Populations of CA1 and CA3 neurons were also compared with regional dissections of the hippocampus from the same tissue sections. Molecular fingerprint comparison of cresyl violet–stained CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons microaspirated from the hippocampus of normal control subjects indicated significant differences in relative expression levels for approximately 16% (20 of 125) genes evaluated on the custom‐designed cDNA array platform. Significant differences were observed for several transcripts relevant to the structure and function of hippocampal neurons, including specific glutamate receptors, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptors, cytoskeletal elements, dopamine receptors, and immediate‐early genes. Compared with the regional assessment of gene expression, both CA1 and CA3 neurons displayed a relative enrichment of classes of transcripts that included glutamate receptors, transporters, and interacting proteins, GABA receptors and transporters, synaptic‐related markers, and catecholamine receptors and transporters. In contrast, the regional hippocampal dissection had an increased level of gene expression for cytoskeletal elements as well as glial‐associated markers. Expression profile analysis illustrates the importance of evaluating individual cellular populations within a functional circuit and may help define elements that confer unique properties to individual populations of hippocampal neurons under normal and diseased conditions. J. Comp. Neurol. 487:107–118, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serine protease HtrA1 is developmentally regulated in trophoblast and uterine decidual cells during placental formation in the mouse
Authors: Nie Guiying , Li Ying , Salamonsen Lois A. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractDevelopment of a hemochorial placenta involves trophoblast proliferation, differentiation, and invasion into the uterus to promote blood flow to the embryo. Trophoblast invasion is tightly controlled by expression of specific proteases in the trophoblast and highly coordinated activities in the uterus. One uterine event essential for placentation is the developmentally regulated formation and regression of the decidua. In mice, decidual regression takes place in a temporal‐ and spatial‐specific manner that is coordinated with placental development. In this study, we identified that the serine protease HtrA1 (high temperature requirement factor A1) was specifically expressed in differentiated trophoblast cells, especially the giant cells, during the early stages of placental development. A high level of HtrA1 expression was also detected in decidua capsularis specifically at the decidual–trophoblast interface where active involution occurs. Thus, we have identified a previously unknown role for HtrA1 as a protease potentially important for trophoblast differentiation/invasion and uterine decidual regression during placental development. Developmental Dynamics 233:1102–1109, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, Structure, Reactivity, and Catalytic Activity of C,N‐ and C,N,N‐Orthopalladated Iminophosphoranes
Authors: Bielsa Raquel , Larrea Angel , Navarro Rafael , Soler Tatiana , Urriolabeitia Esteban P. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe orthopalladated complexes [Pd(μ‐Cl)(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=NPh‐κ‐C,N)]2 (1) and [Pd(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4‐κ‐C,N,N)Cl] (11) have been obtained by reaction of Pd(OAc)2 (OAc = acetate) with the iminophosphoranes Ph3P=NPh and Ph3P=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4, respectively, in the presence of excess LiCl. Complex 11 has been characterised by X‐ray diffraction methods. The orthoplatinated derivative [Pt(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4‐κ‐C,N,N)Cl] (12) can be obtained by reaction of [PtCl2(NCPh)2] with Ph3P=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4 in refluxing 2‐methoxyethanol. Complex 1 shows the typical reactivity of C,N‐orthopalladated complexes, while complex 11 shows that the C,N,N‐orthometallated ligand is strongly bonded to the Pd atom and cannot be easily displaced. The catalytic activity of the complexes [Pd(μ‐Cl)‐(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=NPh‐κ‐C,N)]2 (1), [Pd(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=NPh‐κ‐C,N)(Cl)(py)] (4), [Pd(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4‐κ‐C,N,N)Cl] (11) and [Pd(C6H4‐2‐PPh2=N‐C(O)‐2‐NC5H4‐κ‐C,N,N)(NCMe)]ClO4 (13) in the Mizoroki–Heck (MH) reaction between methyl acrylate and different haloarenes has been examined. All complexes behave as moderate to good catalysts, yielding turnover numbers (TON) up to 526000. Their role as catalysts or precatalysts and the formation of nanoparticles is also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Reactions of the B‐Phenylborole Complex [CpRh(η5‐C4H4BPh)] with Metalloelectrophiles [(ring)M]2+
Authors: Loginov Dmitry A. , Muratov Dmitry V. , Petrovskii Pavel V. , Starikova Zoya A. , Corsini Maddalena , Laschi Franco , de Biani Fabrizi Fabrizia , Zanello Piero , Kudinov Alexander R. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThirty‐valence‐electron dicationic triple‐decker complexes with a bridging borole ligand [CpRh(μ‐η5:η5‐C4H4BPh)M(ring)]2+ [M(ring) = CoCp* (3), IrCp* (6), Ru(η‐C6H3Me3‐1,3,5) (8a), Ru(η‐C6Me6) (8b)] were obtained by stacking reactions of [CpRh(η5‐C4H4BPh)] (2) with the corresponding half‐sandwich fragments [M(ring)]2+. Minor formation of arene‐type complexes [CpRh(μ‐η5:η6‐C4H4BPh)M(ring)]2+ was observed for M(ring) = IrCp* and Ru(arene). On the contrary, the arene‐type complex [CpRh(μ‐η5:η6‐C4H4BPh)RhCp*]2+ (5) was isolated as the sole product from the reaction of 2 with the fragment [RhCp*]2+; an intermediate formation of the triple‐decker complex [CpRh(μ‐η5:η5‐C4H4BPh)RhCp*]2+ (4) in this reaction was detected by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Heating 6 in nitromethane gives the symmetrical triple‐decker complex [Cp*Ir(μ‐η5:η5‐C4H4BPh)IrCp*]2+ (10). The cations were isolated as salts with the BF4– anion. The structures of 2, 5(BF4)2, 6(BF4)2 and 8a(BF4)2 were determined by X‐ray diffraction. The electrochemical properties of the complexes were also investigated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Prediction of migration fat bloom on chocolate
Authors: De Graef Veerle , Foubert Imogen , Agache Evelien , Bernaert Herwig , Landuyt Alex , Vanrolleghem Peter A. , Dewettinck Koen 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to predict migration fat bloom based on measurements shortly after production. At different storage times shortly after production (0, 1, 4 h), the chocolate batches, varying in tempering method, tempering degree and amount of added butter oil, were evaluated by DSC, pNMR and texture analysis. Discriminant analysis and principal component analysis were combined to investigate the potential towards prediction. The batches were classified into groups depending on the time when white spots appeared (<8 wk, 8–13 wk, >13 wk). A good separation (100% correct classifications, 100% using cross‐validation) was obtained using the afore‐mentioned analyses and storage times. It was also shown that it is possible to exclude DSC analyses or analyses at 0 h storage time without compromising the classification performances too drastically. The study further elucidated that the tempering method has no significant effect on visual fat bloom development. Furthermore, undertempered chocolates bloomed quicker than well‐tempered ones, while fat bloom was delayed on overtempered chocolates. Addition of 6% butter oil promoted fat bloom development, while no significant difference was detected between chocolate with no added butter oil and chocolate with 3% butter oil added.
Influence of fatty acid structure on liquid crystal formation in systems with anionic surfactant, diethyleneglycol ethylether and water
Authors: Comelles Francesc , Sánchez‐Leal Joaquín , González Juan José 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe influence of the fatty acid structure on the formation of transparent gels with lamellar liquid crystal structure, for systems composed of an anionic surfactant, fatty acid, diethyleneglycol ethyl ether and water, was investigated. The influence of the alkyl chain length, for both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, was considered. Moreover, for a given alkyl chain length, the influence of polyunsaturation was also considered. The results obtained indicate that with saturated fatty acids, it is not possible to form lamellar liquid crystals with the appearance of transparent gels, and that in the case of unsaturated acids, the influence of the alkyl chain length is more important than the degree of unsaturation.
Estimation of regional material yield from coastal landslides based on historical digital terrain modelling
Authors: Hapke C. J. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractHigh‐resolution historical (1942) and recent (1994) digital terrain models were derived from aerial photographs along the Big Sur coastline in central California to measure the long‐term volume of material that enters the nearshore environment. During the 52‐year measurement time period, an average of 21 000 ± 3100 m3 km−1 a−1 of material was eroded from nine study sections distributed along the coast, with a low yield of 1000 ± 240 m3 km−1 a−1 and a high of 46 700 ± 7300 m3 km−1 a−1.The results compare well with known volumes from several deep‐seated landslides in the area and suggest that the processes by which material is delivered to the coast are episodic in nature. In addition, a number of parameters are investigated to determine what influences the substantial variation in yield along the coast. It is found that the magnitude of regional coastal landslide sediment yield is primarily related to the physical strength of the slope‐forming material.Coastal Highway 1 runs along the lower portion of the slope along this stretch of coastline, and winter storms frequently damage the highway. The California Department of Transportation is responsible for maintaining this scenic highway while minimizing the impacts to the coastal ecosystems that are part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. This study provides environmental managers with critical background data on the volumes of material that historically enter the nearshore from landslides, as well as demonstrating the application of deriving historical digital terrain data to model landscape evolution. Published in 2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Somatotopic blocking of sensation with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary somatosensory cortex
Authors: Hannula Henri , Ylioja Shelley , Pertovaara Antti , Korvenoja Antti , Ruohonen Jarmo , Ilmoniemi Risto J. , Carlson Synnöve 
Published: April 2005

AbstractWe demonstrate that spatially accurate and selective stimulation is crucial when cortical functions are studied by the creation of temporary lesions with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Previously, the interpretation of the TMS results has been hampered by inaccurate knowledge of the site and strength of the induced electric current in the brain. With a Navigated Brain Stimulation (NBS) system, which provides real‐time magnetic resonance image (MRI)‐guided targeting of the TMS‐induced electric field, we found that TMS of a spatially restricted cortical S1 thenar area is sufficient to abolish sensation from a weak electric stimulation of the corresponding skin area. We demonstrate that with real‐time navigation, TMS can be repeatably directed at millimeter‐level precision to a target area defined on the MRI. The stimulation effect was temporally and spatially specific: the greatest inhibition of sensation occurred when TMS was applied 20 ms after the cutaneous test stimulus and the TMS effect was sensitive to 8–13 mm displacements of the induced electric field pattern. The results also indicate that TMS selectively to S1 is sufficient to abolish perception of cutaneous stimulation of the corresponding skin area. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantifying uncertainty in chemical systems modeling
Authors: Reagan M. T. , Najm H. N. , Pébay P. P. , Knio O. M. , Ghanem R. G. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThis study compares two techniques for uncertainty quantification in chemistry computations, one based on sensitivity analysis and error propagation, and the other on stochastic analysis using polynomial chaos techniques. The two constructions are studied in the context of H2O2 ignition under supercritical‐water conditions. They are compared in terms of their prediction of uncertainty in species concentrations and the sensitivity of selected species concentrations to given parameters. The formulation is extended to one‐dimensional reacting‐flow simulations. The computations are used to study sensitivities to both reaction rate pre‐exponentials and enthalpies, and to examine how this information must be evaluated in light of known, inherent parametric uncertainties in simulation parameters. The results indicate that polynomial chaos methods provide similar first‐order information to conventional sensitivity analysis, while preserving higher‐order information that is needed for accurate uncertainty quantification and for assigning confidence intervals on sensitivity coefficients. These higher‐order effects can be significant, as the analysis reveals substantial uncertainties in the sensitivity coefficients themselves. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 37: 368–382, 2005
Wear‐Resistant Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Zirconia Composites Prepared by in situ Ziegler‐Natta Polymerization
Authors: Park Hong‐Jo , Kwak Seung‐Yeop , Kwak Soonjong 
Published: April 2005

AbstractSummary: Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/zirconia composite has been prepared by in situ polymerization of ethylene using a Ti‐based Ziegler‐Natta catalyst supported on the surface of zirconia. Comparison of mechanical and tribological properties has been carried out between the in situ polymerized and mechanically blended composites. Microscopic observations of filled composites revealed that the polymerized composite had more uniform dispersion of zirconia and enhanced interfacial properties than the mechanically blended composite. The polymerized composite showed in a tensile test a remarkable increase in elastic modulus and yield strength, in a tensile test, but a loss in elongational properties was insignificant. In a ring‐on‐block type wear test, the polymerized composite displayed superior wear resistance to the blended composite as well as to neat UHMWPE. At 43 wt.‐% of zirconia content, the polymerized composite showed about one fourth of the 1wear rate of neat UHMWPE. Observations of wear surfaces revealed that the abrasive wear, which are observed in unfilled UHMWPE, are greatly suppressed in filled composites. In polymerized composite, moreover, micro‐cracks were also significantly reduced in comparison to the blended composite, which eventually led to an additional decrease in the wear rate.SEM image of powdery polymerized composite (zirconia content: 15%) obtained from the in situ polymerization.imageSEM image of powdery polymerized composite (zirconia content: 15%) obtained from the in situ polymerization.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Types of Perylene Bisimide‐Containing Conjugated Copolymers
Authors: He Xiaorong , Liu Huibiao , Wang Ning , Ai Xicheng , Wang Shu , Li Yuliang , Huang Changshui , Cui Shuang , Li Yongjun , Zhu Daoben 
Published: April 2005

AbstractSummary: Two new poly(perylene bisimide) polymers that contain biphenyl (PPery) and anthracene (PPeAn) groups at the bay position of perylene bisimide are designed and synthesized. The images of scanning and transmission electron microscopies for PPery and PPeAn show that both polymers form uniform nanoparticles. These copolymers emit red photoluminescence at around 640 nm with a relatively high photoluminescence quantum yield, 48% (in solution) for PPery and 68% (in solution) for PPeAn.Structures of the new copolymers synthesized here: PPery and PPeAn.imageStructures of the new copolymers synthesized here: PPery and PPeAn.
Applications of FT Raman Spectroscopy and Micro Spectroscopy Characterizing Cellulose and Cellulosic Biomaterials
Authors: Fischer Steffen , Schenzel Karla , Fischer Klaus , Diepenbrock Wulf 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFT Raman spectroscopy and micro spectroscopy were used for the investigation of cellulose, cellulose derivatives and cellulosic plant fibres. Lattice structures of cellulose, polymorphic modifications I and II, as well as amorphous structure, were clearly identified by means of FT Raman vibrational spectra. Chemometric models were developed utilizing univariate calibration as well as methods of multivariate data analyses of FT Raman spectral data for the fast prediction of cellulose properties. Cellulose properties like the degree of crystallinity XcRaman, the degree of substitution DSCMC, DSAC and cellulose reactivity were determined.In situ/ in vivo FT Raman micro spectroscopy was used for the characterization of cellulose structures of flax and hemp fibres. Orientational and stress dependent FT Raman experiments were carried out.