bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The model of stand basal area gross growth on the data of the Estonian Network of Forest Research Plots
Authors: Padari Allar , Kiviste Andres , Laarmann Diana , Kangur Ahto 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The stand level gross volume increment models are used to estimate the future production of tree stands. Very often, the stand growth and yield in the models used in practice are described by the tree volume increment that includes the diameter growth function with the tree height together with stem taper as the input variables. The currently used function of stand volume increment in Estonia included also stand relative density as an additional input variable. In the current study, we developed a basal area increment function based on the periodic measurement data of the Estonian Network of Forest Research Plots (ENFRP). As in the earlier model of stand volume increment developed by Priit Kohava, in the current model the basal area increment of tree species is developed for a pure stand, and for mixed stands, the proportion of the tree species’ basal area is used. The tests in our data indicated that the periodic increment prognosis had good fit in the case of variable share of tree species in the main storey and coincide with the earlier studies by Finnish and Swedish colleagues. The developed model of basal area increment predictions are expectedly higher than the earlier model predictions for the most tree species and stand relative densities.
Assessment of Data Security Implementation in the Supply Chain Enterprises in Latvia
Authors: Jurgelāne-Kaldava Ingūna , Batenko Agnese 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The importance of data security in the supply chain has increased in the last few years. The study identifies recent trends and shortcomings in data security, assessing enterprises operating in Latvia’s transport and storage industry. The research aims to study and identify the current trends in data security in the Transport and Storage industry to develop recommendations for improving data security in the supply chain. The research focuses on studying data security in the supply chain in Latvia. The theoretical literature review was used to learn the main aspects of the supply chain concept and the data security measures applied. Statistical and content analysis shows the industry’s primary data security trends and issues. The results of the research concluded that in Latvia, enterprises providing supply chain operations are focusing on something other than mandatory education about the data security of their employees; thus, they need to apply sophisticated measures to protect data through all supply chain processes.
Risk assessment in the enterprise management system
Authors: Hudáková Mária , Mäkká Katarína , Kardoš Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The essence of the article is to present the results of research on the importance and benefits of risk assessment in the quality and occupational health and safety management systems of enterprises in Slovakia. Part of the goal is the evaluation of the most important risks in the quality and occupational health and safety management systems of enterprises in Slovakia. Basic scientific methods, as well as mathematical-statistical methods, were used to evaluate the data obtained from the survey to fulfill the set goal. The results show that enterprises are currently more concerned about the risks arising from the OSH management system than from the risks of the quality management system. The most serious risks considered by enterprises in the occupational health and safety management system are an increased number of accidents and in the quality management system customer dissatisfaction.
Internal audit function in the Croatian hospitality industry
Authors: Vlašić Dubravka , Laganis Karmen Paolić 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to examine the current state-of-the-art foundation, organization, role, processes, and functioning of internal audit (IA) within Croatian hotel companies in order to suggest improvements.
Design/Methodology –qualitative research was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to Croatian hotel companies that quote their stocks on the capital markets, noted destinations, and internationally renowned hotel companies that operate in Croatia from March to May 2023. Based on the responses received, semi-structured interviews were conducted with internal auditors who are or have been employed by hotel companies in order to obtain more detailed information about the organization and performance of the internal audit function (IAF).
Findings – The results showed that not many hotel companies in Croatia have organized IAF because it is not a legal obligation for the hospitality industry. The current stage of IAF in these companies is infrastructural or integrated, which shows possibilities for its improvement. The role of internal audit is not recognized because it is seen as a time-consuming activity and an additional expense for the hotel company, without awareness of its real purpose, opportunities to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of hotel operations, and other benefits of this function.
Research limitations – the small sample of hotel companies that have IAF organized within and also a limited number of internal auditors that have experience, knowledge, and qualifications to work in the hospitality industry.
The originality of the research – the first study regarding the organization of IAF in the hospitality industry.
Strategi Meningkatkan Minat Baca Masyarakat Melalui Perpustakaan Digital
Authors: Ramadhiani Aqila 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini berisi tentang upaya meningkatkan minat baca masyarakat dengan membangun perpustakaan digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur, sehingga tidak memiliki lokasi yang spesifik. Pembahasan dilakukan dengan mengkaji dan menganalisis bahan pustaka dari beberapa sumber seperti jurnal maupun buku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya minat baca masyarakat perlu dicarikan solusi. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menanamkan kebiasaan membaca sejak dini. Membiasakan diri membaca buku dapat dilakukan dengan menyediakan buku-buku di rumah serta membuat aturan membaca buku saat waktu luang. Selain itu, pemerintah ataupun sekolah dapat menyediakan perpustakaan serta memfasilitasi berbagai jenis buku agar minat baca masyarakat meningkat. Tak kalah penting, setiap orang harus membatasi penggunaan gadget untuk hiburan dan mulai membiasakan diri menggunakannnya untuk membaca topik yang bermanfaat. Dengan pemanfaatan teknologi ini maka membaca dapat dilakukan di mana saja dan kapan saja serta tanpa buku secara fisik, untuk itu perlu dibangun perpustakaan digital dengan menggunakan kemajuan teknologi informasi yang telah berkembang saat ini. It is increasing Public Reading Interest through Digital Libraries. This research attempts to increase public interest in reading by building a digital library. This study used a literature study, so it did not have a specific location. The discussion is carried out by reviewing and analyzing library materials from several sources, such as journals and books. The results showed that people's low interest in reading needed to find a solution. One solution that can be done is to instill the habit of reading from an early age. Getting used to reading books can be done by providing books at home and making rules for reading books in your spare time. In addition, the government or schools can provide libraries and facilitate various types of books to increase people's interest in reading. No less important, everyone should limit the use of gadgets for entertainment and start getting used to using them to read valuable topics. With the help of this technology, reading can be done anywhere and anytime without physical books. For that, it is necessary to build a digital library using advances in information technology that have developed today.
Avaliação das funções dos neutrófilos sob o efeito da penicilina e na presença do Streptococcus agalactiae
Authors: Massiero Mariana , Furquim da Cruz Andrezza , Abreu Bernardi Adilson César , Gileno Miriane Costa 
Published: November 2023

O Streptococcus agalactiae faz parte da microbiota humana, residindo nos tratos geniturinários e gastrointestinais, no entanto, devido ao enfraquecimento do sistema imune esse microrganismo pode proliferar-se e causar sintomas. O S. agalactiae é o principal causador de doenças em recém-nascidos, com o sistema imune ainda em formação os bebês podem adquirir a infecção bacteriana através do parto normal quando o bebê está passando pela vagina da mãe, região a qual residem os S. agalactiae. São microrganismos sensíveis, porém possuem mecanismos de resistência os quais tentam driblar o sistema imunológico. O sistema imunológico é formado por uma complexa rede de células e moléculas que atuam na defesa do organismo. Os neutrófilos, que fazem parte da primeira linha de defesa, apresentam uma maquinaria intracelular eficaz na destruição dos patógenos, no entanto, esse combate pode apresentar uma complexidade necessitando do auxílio de um antimicrobiano. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as funções dos neutrófilos na presença do Streptococcus agalactiae sob o efeito do antimicrobiano mais utilizado nas infecções contra esse microrganismo, a Penicilina. Para a realização desse trabalho foram utilizadas práticas laboratoriais que incluíram o teste de viabilidade celular dos neutrófilos a diferentes doses de Penicilina por azul de Trypan; avaliação da atividade fagocítica do neutrófilo; avaliação da função bactericida do neutrófilo e teste da viabilidade bacteriana. Os resultados demonstraram que a viabilidade celular dos neutrófilos não apresentou alterações relevantes, as concentrações de Penicilina utilizadas para inibir o crescimento da bactéria não prejudicou a estrutura dos neutrófilos, bem como suas funções; o antimicrobiano também não interferiu na atividade fagocítica do neutrófilo. A presença do antibiótico não inibiu o crescimento bacteriano e a atividade bactericida do neutrófilo foi ineficiente, o que pressupõe que os fatores de virulência da bactéria influenciaram nesse resultado.
High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation for treating cognitive and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia – A sham-controlled proof of concept study
Authors: Yadav Bhawna , Goyal Nishant , Roy Chandramouli , Ramamoorthy Dharani 
Published: November 2023

Objectives:
Cognitive and negative symptoms are core symptoms of schizophrenia affecting interpersonal and socio-occupational functioning. Impaired dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) function is implicated in negative and cognitive symptoms. Conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to DLPFC has attracted interest as an add-on treatment for these symptoms. High-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS), an optimized form of tDCS, has the potential for more focalized neuromodulation. Studies suggest that an increased number of sessions may increase the effectiveness of stimulation. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 20 sessions of HD-tDCS over the left DLPFC in the improvement of cognitive and negative symptoms in chronic schizophrenia (>2 years continuous illness).

Material and Methods:
Twenty patients with chronic schizophrenia with predominantly cognitive and negative symptoms were enrolled in this sham-controlled trial. Participants received 20 sessions of HD-tDCS at 2 mA for 20 min, that is, twice daily over 10 days. Montreal cognitive assessment and scale for assessment of negative symptoms were used to assess outcome variables. Assessments were carried out at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks, respectively.

Results:
Significant improvement was noted in both active and sham groups across all outcome variables over time. However, a statistically significant decrease in negative symptoms in the active group was noted, which was maintained at the end of 6 weeks, but there was no statistically significant improvement in cognitive symptoms between the active and sham groups at 6 weeks. The stimulation protocol was well tolerated.

Conclusion:
HD-tDCS has substantial potential in the treatment of negative symptoms; however, its role in cognitive symptoms needs further evaluation.
REPRESENTASI BUDAYA POPULAR DALAM ILUSTRASI KARTUN YESUS KRISTUS DI SITUS PENYEDIA GAMBAR ONLINE
Authors: Palit Rene Arthur , Sulaiman Naniwati 
Published: November 2023

Cerita Alkitab memanfaatkan gambar ilustrasi dalam pendidikan agama Kristen, khususnya terhadap anak-anak Sekolah Minggu. Saat ini tersedia berbagai variasi gambar ilustrasi kartun Yesus di internet. Sehingga para guru sekolah minggu dapat bebas memilih beragam kartun. Selain membantu guru, terdapat beberapa masalah pada ilustrasi kartun tersebut. Gaya kartun memfasilitasi humor dan satir melalui distorsi dan eksagerasi bentuk. Ini membuka peluang menghadirkan visualisasi yang kontraproduktif dengan Yesus yang diberitakan Alkitab. Sehingga secara visual kartun tersebut justru dapat mengandung pesan berbeda atau bahkan bertentangan dengan prinsip iman Kristen yang diajarkan. Di balik gambar ilustrasi kartun Yesus tersebut terkandung cara pandang, nilai dan keyakinan tertentu. Penelitian ini hendak mengungkapkan pesan-pesan yang disampaikan budaya popular melalui gaya gambar kartun yang terdapat pada ilustrasi Yesus Untuk pengumpulan data, penulis melakukan pengamatan visual, studi pustaka serta analisis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif terhadap elemen-elemen visual ilustrasi kartun Yesus. Ini dilakukan dengan merujuk kepada konteks budaya popular yang diwakilinya. Kesimpulan penelitian mengungkapkan berbagai pesan budaya popular yang terkandung dalam ilustrasi kartun Yesus tertentu. Pesan-pesan ini umumnya tidak selaras dengan karakter Yesus Kristus yang diajarkan Alkitab. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat membantu para pendidik agama Kristen untuk memilih ilustrasi yang tepat, khususnya bagi guru sekolah minggu dalam memilih ilustrasi kartun Yesus Kristus
Analysis of Nurse and Midwife Job Satisfaction on Training Programs, Provision of Welfare and Implementation of Position Promotion at Royal Prima Marelan Hospital
Authors: Leony Catherine , Ginting Chirmis Novalinda , Chiuman Linda 
Published: November 2023

Feelings of satisfaction at work can have a positive impact on behavior, such as discipline, morale, and loyalty. Job satisfaction is the key to the productivity of an organization, especially health services. In fact, job satisfaction and well-being of health workers play an important role in the quality of health services. Nurse jobsatisfaction is related to nurse performance, service quality, and increased patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives with training programs, providing welfare and implementing promotions at RSU Royal Prima Marelan. The sample in this study were 76 nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan with the sampling technique using total sampling. The analysis used in this study was univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of the training program on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan. There is an effect of providing welfare on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal PrimaMarelan. There is an effect of implementing promotion on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan. There is an influence of training programs, provision of welfare and implementation of promotion on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan. The independent variable that has the most influence on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan is the variable providing welfare. There is an influence of the influence of training programs, providing welfare and implementing promotion on the job satisfaction of nurses and midwives at RSU Royal Prima Marelan.
Influence of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance (Case study at The Lumajang Regency BPBD Office)
Authors: Maghfiroh Riyadhotul , Kasno Kasno , Darmawan Kusnanto 
Published: November 2023

Under the guidelines of the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), BPBD is a non-ministerial government agency that carries out disaster management tasks in regions, provinces, or cities or districts. In addition, the BPBD of Lumajang Regency was established in 2011. This study examin the influence of OCB, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance (a case study of the Lumajang Regency BPBD Office). This study uses a quantitative approach. This study invoved 46 non-ASN respondents, who were collected throught distributed questionnaires. The sampling technique uses a census or saturated sampling. Thr hypothesis was tested by multiple regression analysis. The result of the hypothesis test or t test are as follows: 1) OCB significantly affects the performance of BPBD Lumajang Regency employees; 2) Motivation significantly affects the performance of BPBD Lumajang Regency employees; 3) The performance of employees at the Lumajang Regency BPBD Office is strongly influenced by work discipline; 4) OCB, motivation, and work discipline are variables that give a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0,727 or 72.7% of employee performance.
The Effect of Healthcare Professionals’ Digital Literacy and Knowledge of Telemedicine on Perception of Telemedicine
Authors: ŞAHİN Dilek , FIRAT Serhat , GEZİCİ Nurcan 
Published: November 2023

Objective: The objective is to determine levels of digital literacy, knowledge and perception of telemedicine, becoming important with innovations in communication and information technologies, and to reveal correlations between them. In addition, the effect of telemedicine experience on the perception of telemedicine constitutes another purpose of this study.
Method: In the study, data was collected cross-sectionally, via on-line and face-to-face surveys. 334 healthcare workers from one tertiary and two second-line hospitals were included in the study. For data analysis, structural validity of items was evaluated. Item reliability was evaluated by calculating Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient. Correlations between variables were tested with structural equation model. To determine differences between groups, two sample t-tests were used.
Findings: Results of Structural Equation Model showed a positive correlation between digital literacy and knowledge of telemedicine, and between knowledge of telemedicine and perception of telemedicine. Knowledge of telemedicine was found to mediate the relationship between digital literacy and perception of telemedicine. In this study, perception of telemedicine (x̄= 3.392) and digital literacy level (x̄= 3.527) were found to be above average, while knowledge of telemedicine was found to be below average (x̄= 2.090). Perception of telemedicine was found to increase positively in participants with telemedicine experience (t(332) = 4.979, p
System-Level: Challenges of Solid Immersion Lens Technology
Authors: Qian Zhongling , Brillert Christof 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter assesses the benefits of using a solid immersion lens (SIL) to detect faults in ICs via optical imaging and laser-stimulation techniques. It discusses the advantages and limitations of different types of SILs and their effect on spatial resolution, spot size, focus depth, and collection efficiency. It also provides a brief overview of technical challenges at the die level.
Teachers Techniques in the Management of Stress in Secondary Schools: A Case Study of Ijebu-North Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: EDUN Hakeem J. 
Published: November 2023

The study investigated teachers’ techniques in the management of stress in Secondary Schools in Ijebu North Local Government Area. The problem of this study is thatteachers’ stress is so serious such that it impacts negatively on teacher’s physical and psychological well-being as well as on their morale and performance. Four researchquestions were raised upon which the study was based. The research questions were analyzed using simple frequencies, percentages and chi-square. Some of the researchquestions were significant while some are not. Based on the findings, it was concluded that there is no significant difference between the techniques used by teachers in managingstress (Chi-square = 5.849, P > 0.05). It was therefore recommended that teachers need to be conscious of the fact that stress is an integral part of human endeavor.Stress should be seen as a test of maturity which should be taken as a challenge. The manner in which a teacher manages stressful situations will go a long way in determininghis/her effectiveness on the job.Keywords: Management, schools and techniques, stress, teachers
Equivalence at Word Level in the Translation of Boris Pasternak’s Novel “Doctor Zhivago” from Russian to Turkish Language
Authors: ERGUVAN Feruza 
Published: November 2023

Boris Pasternak (1890-1960)’s Nobel-winning novel “Doctor Zhivago” was first translated from Russian to Turkish in 2014. The published work has been praised on a numberof occasions.This article studies the translated work in the context of equivalence at word level. It was found out that quite a number of similar words in the source text were mistranslated.The content of this article, therefore, has been limited to include samples that cause problems of equivalence at word issues due to similarity.The problems were identified to be emerging from Russian words that gained new meanings with the addition of prefixes, homophones, and similar words that are formedby similar letters.The article may be beneficial to translators who will do literary translations, and researchers studying the field of translation between Russian and Turkish. It may alsocontribute to a better translation of this significant novel’s future editions if the semantic ‘mistakes’ are eliminated.Keywords: B. Pasternak, Doctor Zhivago, Equivalence at Word Level, Literary Translation,Misconception of Similar Words, Translation from Russian to Turkish
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU DAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SEKOLAH DASAR SE-KECAMATAN CANTIGI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Solecha Solecha , Sumarna Cecep 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis; 1) Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa, 2) Pengaruh Budaya Sekolah terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa, dan 3) Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru dan Budaya Sekolah terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SD Se Kecamatan Cantigi Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan pendekatan kausal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Sekolah Dasar (SD) yang ada di Kecamatan Cantigi Kabupaten Indramayu yang berjumlah 18 orang guru. Data dikumpulkan dengan uesioner dan data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial sedangkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan teknik analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif Kompetensi Guru terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,747. Besarnya kontribusi variabel X1 terhadap X3 sebesar 55,9 % sedangkan sisanya 44,1% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. 2) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif Budaya Sekolah terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa, koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,888. Besarnya kontribusi variabel X2 terhadap X3 sebesar 78,8% sedangkan sisanya 21,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. 3) terdapat pengaruh langsung positif Kompetensi Guru dan Budaya Sekolah secara bersama-sama terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa. Koefisiensi korelasi sebesar 0,625. Besarnya kontribusi variabel X1,X2 terhadap X3 sebesar 39% sedangkan sisanya 61% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain