bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Séditieux » et « perturbateurs de l’ordre public » ! Les libellistes, des auteurs face à la justice et à l’État dans le premier xviie siècle
Authors: Rodier Yann 
Published: December 2023

Derrière l’anonymat des libelles ne se cachent pas seulement des rédacteurs mais aussi une nébuleuse d’auteurs-acteurs qui concourent à faire du libelle un outil politique redouté. Qualifiés de « séditieux » et « perturbateurs de l’ordre public » dans les textes législatifs, les auteurs de libelles sont accusés de vouloir susciter l’émotion publique, crainte par le pouvoir politique. Ceci explique que la justice et l’État renforcent leur législation pour mieux les contrôler tout en institutionnalisant peu à peu cette catégorie d’auteurs. En analysant le métadiscours des libellistes sur eux-mêmes et leurs adversaires, il devient possible de déterminer la stratégie ambiguë de leurs discours dans l’espace médiatique du premier xviie siècle.
Ser professor no ensino superior
Authors: Gonçallo Regina Lima Andrade , Prata-Linhares Martha Maria 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo visa a apresentar resultados de uma pesquisa com foco no docente em início de carreira. O objetivo geral foi conhecer e analisar os dizeres dos professores do ensino superior sobre seu início de carreira em uma instituição pública. Para atingir o objetivo geral definimos como objetivos específicos: destacar elementos que influenciaram os sujeitos da pesquisa na decisão de se tornarem professores universitários; identificar as expectativas, dificuldades e desafios do docente universitário em início de carreira; verificar e analisar as perspectivas dos sujeitos da pesquisa quanto às suas necessidades formativas e evolução da sua trajetória docente. O referencial teórico foi alicerçado em estudos sobre docência universitária, saberes docentes e prática reflexiva. O percurso metodológico está fundamentado na abordagem qualitativa, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são onze docentes de diferentes áreas, com até três anos de experiência no magistério superior. As análises dos dados foram baseadas nos princípios da análise de conteúdo e seguindo as orientações da técnica da categorização. Os resultados permitiram identificar que, para a maioria dos professores participantes do estudo, o interesse pela pesquisa teve grande influência na escolha pela profissão; suas principais dificuldades estão ligadas às questões didático-pedagógicas e aos impasses na relação professor-aluno; e reconhecem a necessidade de uma formação pedagógica que contribua para a melhora das práticas em sala de aula e para despertar o interesse dos alunos. A pesquisa contribui para os estudos sobre docência universitária e nos leva a considerar a necessidade de iniciativas institucionais de apoio à inserção profissional.
Dom na wąskiej działce – możliwości kształtowania układu funkcjonalnego i formy w świetle ograniczeń projektowych. Studium przypadku
Authors: Tokajuk Andrzej , Godlewska Joanna 
Published: December 2023

W artykule przedstawiono analizy badawcze dotyczące problemów kształtowania funkcji i formy budynku jednorodzinnego zlokalizowanego na wąskiej działce. Jest to ważny problem projektowy, ponieważ tego typu parcele są charakterystyczne dla terenach zurbanizowanych. Analizy wykazały, że rozwiązanie funkcjonalne i forma w tym przypadku są w dużym stopniu wypadkową ograniczeń projektowych, działających na podstawie różnych zapisów prawa budowlanego, m.in. dotyczących wymaganych odległości od granic działki, odpowiedniego oświetlenia pomieszczeń czy minimalnych szerokości pomieszczeń wynikających z ergonomii. Autorzy zastosowali metody badawcze takie jak: studium przypadku oraz studium projektowe (research by design). W wyniku analiz powstała koncepcja architektoniczna domu o oryginalnej formie i rozwiązaniu funkcjonalno-przestrzennym rzutu.
Development of a Bayesian inference method for the analysis of X-ray reflectivity data
Authors: Machida Atsushi , Watanabe Takeshi , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Nagata Kenji , Okada Masato 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
X-ray reflectivity (XRR) is an experimental method used in various fields of materials science to investigate the physical properties of solid surfaces and the structure of interfaces. However, it is difficult to evaluate the reliability of the estimates obtained with this method. In this study, we propose a method for analyzing XRR data using Bayesian inference. Bayesian inference allows the uncertainty of the estimate to be evaluated, which also allows the measurement limit to be evaluated, and also shows that estimation is possible even in noisy situations.
Cash Recycling Machine (CRM) & its impact on customer satisfaction: A study on UCB PLC
Authors: Tanha Moutusi , Siddique Maliha Ahmed , Sumon Md. Monirul Islam , Nurulhoque Md. , Sazin Rawshan , Hossain Peas 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The primary purpose of this research is to explore Cash Recycling Machine (CRM) systems and determine customer satisfaction after using CRM services.
Research Methodology: To collect data for this research, a questionnaire was created and a survey was conducted to assess user contentment with the Cash Recycling Machine (CRM) of the United Commercial Bank (UCB) PLC. During the investigation of the Cash Recycling Machine (CRM) system, a secondary data source was utilized.
Results: An analysis indicates that Almost 97% of respondents regularly utilized CRM services while continuing to depend on conventional banking methods. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of participants (over 20%) frequently employed CRM systems. Specifically, 47% utilize these systems four to seven times each month. This study demonstrates that banks are implementing novel services to entice a larger clientele, while consumers are allowed to utilize the banks' fundamental services, such as making deposits and withdrawals.
Limitations: Banks are restricted from accessing crucial information owing to data privacy concerns. Furthermore, the use of secondary data may not adequately reflect the perspective of UCB PLC, owing to scalability issues. Ultimately, the limited sample size is a result of clients' strong unwillingness to allocate time for research.
Contribution: This study and its implications can be used for additional research in emerging economies to comprehensively examine the adoption of new technologies in the banking industry.
Novelty: The core reaction of consumers to an emerging technology for rapid economic growth.
ﺍﻟــﻭﻗﺕ ﻭﺃﺛﺭﻩ ﻓـــﻲ ﺣـﻳـﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻭﺍﺋﻝ ﺍﻟﺣـﺿﺭﻳﺔ
Authors: ﻡ.ﺩ. ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺭﺯﺍ  
Published: December 2023

ﻟم ﻴﺤظ ﻤوﻀوع اﻟوﻗت أو اﻟزﻤن Time ﻨﺼﻴﺒﻪ ﻤن اﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟد ارﺴﺎت واﻟﺒﺤوث

اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴﺔ ﺴﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺴﺘوى اﻟﺒﻠد رﻏم أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟوﻗت ﻓﻲ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎت وﺤﻴﺎة اﻻﻨﺴﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻرض. ﻟﻬذا

اﻟﻤؤﺸر ﻤﻀﺎﻤﻴن ودﻻﻻت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﺔ ﺘزﻴد ﻤن ﻓﻬم واد ارك طﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻻﻓ ارد ﺒﺎﻻرض ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ

ﺘﻨظﻴم اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎت واﻟﻨﺸﺎطﺎت اﻟﻴوﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﺄﺜر ﺒﻤؤﺸ ارت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻴﺔ اﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ٬ ﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ وﺴﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ .

ﻴﻤﻛن أن ﻴـُﻌد اﻟوﻗت ﻤورداً طﺒﻴﻌﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎة اﻻﻨﺴﺎن ٬ ﺘﻛون ﺤﺼﻴﻠﺘﻪ اﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻟﺔ
اﺴﺘﺜﻤﺎرﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻨﺠﺎز اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎت ﺒﺼورة ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ . وﺒﻌﻛﺴﻪ ﺴﻴﻛون ﻫﻨﺎك ﻀﻴﺎع واﻫدار ﻟﻠوﻗت اﻟذي

ﻻ ﻴﻌوض ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﻔرد .

ﻴﻬدف ﻫذا اﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻰ ﺒﻴﺎن أﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟوﻗت ﻤن اﻟﻨﺎﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴﺔ وﻛﺸف ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺘوزﻴﻌﻪ وﺘﻨظﻴﻤﻪ

ﺒﺎﻟﻤؤﺸ ارت اﻟﺤﻴﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻌواﺌﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ وﻓق ﻓرﻀﻴﺔ ﻓﺤواﻫﺎ ٬ ان ﺘﻨظﻴم وﺘﻨﺎﻏم ﺘوزﻴﻊ اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻴوﻤﻲ ﻓﻲ

اﻨﺠﺎز واﺸﺒﺎع اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺎت اﻟﻴوﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻨد اﻟﻌواﺌﻝ اﻟﺤﻀرﻴﺔ ﻴرﺘﺒط ﺒﻤﺘﻐﻴ ارت ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ وﻟﻪ ﻤﻀﺎﻤﻴن ﻤﻬﻤﺔ
ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة
ﺑﻧﻳﺔ ﻗﺻﻳﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺡ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻋﻧﺩ ﺍﻷﺧﻁﻝ
Authors: ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﻋﺑﺎﺩﺓ ﺣﺭﺯ ﺣﺑﻳﺏ  
Published: December 2023

ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ ﻗ ارءاﺘﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺼﺎدر اﻷدب اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ وﻤ ارﺠﻌﻪ ﻗـدﻴﻤﺎً وﺤـدﻴﺜﺎً ٬ وﺠـدت أﻛﺜـر اﻟﻨﻘـﺎد

واﻟدارﺴﻴن ﻴرون أن اﻻﺨطﻝ ﻛﺎن ﻴﺘﺸﺒﻪ ﺒﺎﻟﺸﻌ ارء اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﻴن وﻻﺴﻴﻤﺎ اﻟﻨﺎﺒﻐﺔ اﻟـذﺒﻴﺎﻨﻲ واﻷﻋﺸـﻰ ﻓـﻲ

ﺸﻌرﻩ وﺒﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤداﺌﺤـﻪ ٬ ﺒـﻝ أﻨـﻪ ﻓـﺎق اﻟﺸـﻌ ارء اﻟﻌـرب ﻓـﻲ ﻤدﻴﺤـﻪ اﻟﻤﻠـوك ٬ وأن ﻗﺼـﻴدة اﻟﻤـدح

اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘطـورت ﻛﺜﻴـ اًر ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻌﺼـر اﻷﻤـوي ﻛـﺎن ﻟﻼﺨطـﻝ ﻗﺼـب اﻟﺴـﺒق ﻓـﻲ ﻫـذا اﻟﺘطـور ٬ وﻟﺠـودة

ﻤداﺌﺤﻪ ﻛﺎﻨت ﻤﺼدر إﻋﺠﺎب اﻟﻤﻤدوﺤﻴن ﻤن اﻟﺨﻠﻔﺎء واﻟوﻻة واﻷﻤ ارء .

وﻤن ﻫذا اﻟﻤﻨطﻠق ﻗررت أن أﺒﺤث ﻓﻲ ﻤوﻀوع (ﺒﻨﻴـﺔ ﻗﺼـﻴدة اﻟﻤـدح اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ ﻋﻨـد اﻻﺨطـﻝ)

ﻷﺘﺄﻛد ﻤـن ﺼـﺤﺔ ﻤـﺎ ﻗﻴـﻝ ﻋـن ﻫـذا اﻟﺸـﺎﻋر ٬ ﻫـﻝ طـور ﺒﻨﻴـﺔ ﻗﺼـﻴدة اﻟﻤـدح اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴـﺔ أو ﺴـﺎر ﻋﻠـﻰ

ﻤﻨﻬﺞ اﻟﺸﻌ ارء اﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﻴن وﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﺨطﺎﻫم؟ وﻤﺎ اﻟﺠدﻴد اﻟذي ﺠﺎء ﺒﻪ ﻟﻴﺸﻛﻝ إﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﺠدﻴدة إﻟﻰ ﻗﺼﻴدة

اﻟﻤدح ﻴﻤﻛن ان ﺘﺴﺠﻝ ﻟﻬذا اﻟﺸﺎﻋر اﻟﻔﺤﻝ اﻟذي وﻀﻌﻪ اﺒن ﺴﻼم ﻓـﻲ اﻟطﺒﻘـﺔ اﻷوﻟـﻰ ﻤـن اﻟﺸـﻌ ارء

اﻻﺴﻼﻤﻴﻴن؟
ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻧﺷﻭء ﻭﺗﻁﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺗﻣﺛﻳﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺫﺍﻋﻳﺔ ﺣﺗﻰ ﻋﺎﻡ ۱۹٥٦
Authors: ﻡ.ﻡ. ﻣﺣﻣﺩ ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﺭﺣﻳﻡ  
Published: December 2023

ﻣﺑﺭﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺙ ﻭﺃﻫﻣﻳﺗﻪ :

ﻴﻤﻛن ﺘﺤدﻴد ﻤﺒر ارت اﻟﺒﺤث ﺒﻤﺎ ﻴﺎﺘﻲ :

-١ اﻟﻛﺸف ﻋن ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ ﻨﺸوء اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ .

-٢ ان اﻟـﻨﻘص اﻟﻛﺒﻴـر ﻓـﻲ اﻟد ارﺴـﺎت اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘوﺜﻴﻘﻴـﺔ ٬ وﻋـدم وﺠـود د ارﺴـﺎت ﻋﻠﻤﻴـﺔ اﻛﺎدﻴﻤﻴـﺔ

ﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﺤـوﻝ ﺘـﺎرﻴﺦ ﻨﺸـوء اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴـﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴـﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴـﺔ ٬ دﻓـﻊ اﻟﺒﺎﺤـث اﻟـﻰ اﻟﻛﺸـف ﻋـن ﻫـذا

اﻟﻤوﻀـوع اﻟـذي ﻴﻤﺘـد ﻟﺴـﻨﻴن طوﻴﻠـﺔ ٬ وﻴﺤﺘـﺎج اﻟـﻰ اﻟﺠﻬـد واﻟﻌﻨـﺎء اﻟﻛﺒﻴـرﻴن ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺘﻘﺼـﻲ ﻋـن

اﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺎﺜرة واﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻬذا اﻟﻤوﻀوع وﻤن ﻤﺼﺎدر ﻤﺘﻌددة ﺼﻌﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻝ اﻻ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻌض

اﻻﺤﻴﺎن .

ﻛﻤــﺎ ان ﻛﺜــرة اﻟد ارﺴــﺎت اﻟﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻴــﺔ اﻟﻤوﺜﻘــﺔ ﻟﺘــﺎرﻴﺦ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴــﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴــﺔ ﻓــﻲ اﻟﻌــﺎﻟم وﺒﻌــض

اﻻﻗطـﺎر اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ ﻛﻤﺼـر ﻤـﺜﻼ ﻛـﺎن ﺤـﺎﻓ از ﻟﻠﺒﺎﺤـث ﻟﻠﻘﻴـﺎم ﺒﻬـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟﻔـذي ﻟـم ﻴﻠـق اﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤـﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﻴـﺎ

ﺒﺼورة ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺘوﺜﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺘﺎرﻴﺨﻴﺔ ﻟﻼن ﻋﻠﻰ ﺤد ﻋﻠم اﻟﺒﺎﺤث .

ان اﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﺤث ﺘﻨﺒﻊ ﻤن ﻛوﻨﻪ د ارﺴـﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﻴـﺔ اﻛﺎدﻴﻤﻴـﺔ ﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼـﺔ ﺘﺒﺤـث ﻓـﻲ ﺘـﺎرﻴﺦ ﻨﺸـوء

اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺸﻛﻝ ﺠزءا ﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻤن ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ اﻻذاﻋﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ .

ﻛﻤــﺎ اﻨﻬــﺎ ﻤﺤﺎوﻟــﺔ ﻤﺘواﻀــﻌﺔ ﻟرﻓــد اﻟﻤﻛﺘﺒــﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴــﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴــﺔ ﺒــﺎﻟﺒﺤوث اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴــﺔ اﻟرﺼــﻴﻨﺔ

اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﻤوﻀوع ﺸﻛﻝ وﻤﺎ ﻴ ازﻝ ﺤﻴ از ﻤﻬﻤﺎ ﻤن ﺒ ارﻤﺞ اﻻذاﻋﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ اﻻ وﻫﻲ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ.
ﻫﺩﻑ ﺍﻟﺑﺣﺙ:

ﻴﻬـدف اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟﺤـﺎﻟﻲ اﻟـﻰ ﺘﻘﺼـﻲ ﺤﻘـﺎﺌق ﺘﺘﻀـﻤن ﺘـﺎرﻴﺦ وظـروف وﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺔ ﻨﺸـوء وﺘطـور

اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ ٬ ﻤن ﺨﻼﻝ اﻻﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺴﺌﻠﺔ اﻻﺘﻴﺔ :

-١ ﻤﺘﻰ ﺒدات اوﻝ ﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اذاﻋﻴﺔ ﻋ ارﻗﻴﺔ ؟

-٢ ﻫـﻝ ﻛﺎﻨـت ﻫﻨـﺎك اذاﻋـﺎت ﻋ ارﻗﻴـﺔ اﺨـرى ﺘﺒـث اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴـﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴـﺔ ﻓﻀـﻼ ﻋـن اﻻذاﻋـﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴـﺔ

اﻟرﺴﻤﻴﺔ ؟

-٣ ﻤﺎ ﻨوع اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻨت ﺘﺒث ﻤن اﻻذاﻋﺔ اﻟﻌ ارﻗﻴﺔ ؟

-٤ ﻫﻝ ﻛﺎﻨت ﻨﺼوص اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺎت اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ ﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ام ﻋرﺒﻴﺔ أم اﺠﻨﺒﻴﺔ ؟

-٥ ﻫﻝ ﻛﺎﻨت اﻟﻨﺼوص ﻤﻌدة ﻟﻼذاﻋﺔ أم ﻟﻠﻤﺴرح ؟
-٦ اﻟﻛﺸف ﻋن اﻟﻨﻘد اﻟﻤوﺠﻪ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻠﻴﺔ اﻻذاﻋﻴﺔ ؟
ﺗﻘﻭﻳﻡ ﺗﺟﺭﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺗﻁﺑﻳﻕ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺭﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﻠﻣﻳﻥ
Authors: ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﻛﺎﻅﻡ ﻛﺭﻳﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ  , ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﺻﺑﺣﻲ ﻧﺎﺟﻲ ﻋﺑﺩ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺟﺑﻭﺭﻱ  
Published: December 2023

أوﻟـت ﻤﻌظـم اﻷﻨظﻤـﺔ اﻟﺘرﺒوﻴـﺔ إﻋـداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠـم اﻫﺘﻤﺎﻤـﺎً ﻛﺒﻴـ اًر ٬ ﻟﻤـﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠـم ﻤـن أﺜـر ﺒـﺎرز ﻓـﻲ
ﺘطور اﻟﻨظﺎم اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﺒﺼورة ﻋﺎﻤﺔ ٬ واﻟﺒﻨﺎء اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ وﻨﻤو اﻻطﻔﺎﻝ ﺒﺼورة ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ٬ ﻓﻘـد أﻓـردت
اﻟﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن اﻻﻨظﻤـﺔ اﻟﺘرﺒوﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟـدوﻝ اﻟﺼـﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻘدﻤـﺔ اﻟﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن اﻟد ارﺴـﺎت ﻤﻴـ ازت ﻻﺴـﻴﻤﺎ
ﻟﻠﺒﺤوث واﻟد ارﺴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻝ إﻋداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠم ﻤن أﺠﻝ اﻟوﺼوﻝ إﻟﻰ أﻓﻀﻝ اﻟﺼﻴﻎ واﻻﺴﺎﻟﻴب ﻤـن ﻨظـم
اﻹﻋـداد ٬ وﻓـﻲ ﻗطرﻨــﺎ ظﻬـر ﻫــذا اﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎم ﻤــن ﺨـﻼﻝ ﺴﻠﺴــﻠﺔ ﻤـن اﻟﻤــؤﺘﻤ ارت واﻟﻨـدوات واﻟﺤﻠﻘــﺎت
اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺸــﻴﺔ ﺴــواء ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻤﺴــﺘوى و ازرة اﻟﺘرﺒﻴــﺔ واﻟﻤؤﺴﺴــﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﺒﻌــﺔ ﻟﻬــﺎ أو ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻤﺴــﺘوى اﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌــﺎت ٬
وﺘﺘوﻴﺠـﺎً ﻟﻬـذا اﻟﺒﺤـث ﻓـﺈن ﻤـﺎورد ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤـؤﺘﻤ ارت اﻟﻘطرﻴـﺔ ﻟﺤـزب اﻟﺒﻌـث اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ اﻻﺸـﺘ ارﻛﻲ وﻤﻨﻬـﺎ
اﻟﻤـؤﺘﻤر اﻟﻘطـري اﻟﺜـﺎﻤن ﻟﻠﺤـزب ﺨﻴـر دﻟﻴـﻝ ﻋﻠـﻰ ذﻟـك اﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎم ٬ وﻛﺎﻨـت ورﻗـﺔ و ازرة اﻟﺘﻌﻠـﻴم اﻟﻌـﺎﻟﻲ
واﻟﺒﺤث اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﻤن اﻻﻨﺠﺎز اﻟﻛﺒﻴر ﻋﻠﻰ طرﻴق ﺘﺤوﻴﻝ اﻋداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠم ﻤـن ﻤﺴـﺘوى دون اﻟﺒﻛـﺎﻟورﻴوس
إﻟــﻰ ﻤﺴــﺘوى اﻟﺒﻛــﺎﻟورﻴوس ٬ وذﻟــك ﺒﺘﺄﺴــﻴس ﻛﻠﻴــﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤــﻴن إذ ﺘﻬــدف إﻟــﻰ إﻋــداد ﻤﻌﻠــم ﻤﺴــﻠﺢ
ﺒﺎﻟﺠواﻨــب اﻟﻨظرﻴــﺔ واﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴــﺔ وﻤؤﻫــﻝ ﺘرﺒوﻴــﺎً ﻟﻴﻛــون ﻤﻌﻠﻤــﺎً ﻗــﺎد اًر ﻋﻠــﻰ أداء دورﻩ اﻟﺤﻀــﺎري ﺒﺸــﻛﻝ
ﻋﺼـري ﻤﺘطـور. ﻷن أﻫﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻠـم ﺘـﺄﺘﻲ ﻤـن ﺤﻴـث اﻟﻤﻨﺒـر اﻟـذي أﻗﺎﻤـﻪ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﻟﻴﺤﻘـق أﻏ ارﻀـﻪ
اﻟﺘرﺒوﻴـﺔ ٬ ﻓﻬـو ﻤـن ﺠﻬـﺔ اﻟﻘـﻴم اﻷﻤـﻴن ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺘ ارﺜـﻪ اﻟﺜﻘـﺎﻓﻲ ٬ وﻤـن ﺠﻬـﺔ أﺨـرى اﻟﻌﺎﻤـﻝ اﻷﻛﺒـر ﻋﻠـﻰ

ﺘﺠدﻴد ﻫذا اﻟﺘ ارث وﺘﻌزﻴزﻩ.
وﻴﻌد اﻟﻤﻌﻠم ﺤﺠر اﻟ ازوﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ٬ واﻨﻪ ﻴﺤﺘﻝ ﻤرﻛز اﻟﺼدارة ﻓﻲ ﻨﺠﺎح ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ
اﻟـﺘﻌﻠم ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻤدرﺴـﺔ ٬ ﻓﻬـو ﻴﺴـﺘطﻴﻊ ان ﻴﻌـدﻝ اﻟﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن ﻗـﻴم واﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎت اﻟﺘﻼﻤﻴـذ ﻋـن طرﻴـق ﺘﻨظـﻴم
اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴـﺔ وﻀـﺒطﻬﺎ واﺴـﺘﺨدام اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴـﺎت اﻟﺘرﺒوﻴـﺔ وﻤﻌرﻓـﺔ ﺤﺎﺠـﺎت اﻟﺘﻼﻤﻴـذ وط ارﺌـق ﺘﻔﻛﻴـرﻫم

وﺘﻌﻠﻤﻬم (١) .
ﻅﻬـﻭﺭ ﺍﻻﺗﺟـﺎﻩ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺣﻲ ﻓــﻲ ﺍﻟﺻﻳﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺓ ۱۸۸٥ – ۱۸۹٥
Authors: ﻡ . ﻡ . ﻧﺎﺩﻳـﺔ ﻛﺎﻅﻡ ﻣﺣﻣـﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺑـﻭﺩﻱ  
Published: December 2023

طﺎﻟﻤـﺎ ﻨظـر اﻟﺼـﻴﻨﻴون اﻟـﻰ ﻤﻨﺤـﺎﻫم اﻟﻔﻛـري ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻨـﻪ ذروة اﻟﺘﻔﻛﻴـر اﻟﺒﺸـري ٬ وان ﺜﻘـﺎﻓﺘﻬم

أرﻗﻰ ﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟوﺠود ٬ ﺒﻝ ﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ اﻟوﺤﻴدة ٬ وان إﻤﺒ ارطورﻫم ﻫو اﺒن اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ٬ وﻤﺎ اﻟﺸﻌوب اﻷﺨرى

– ﺒﻤـﺎ ﻓﻴﻬـﺎ اﻟـدوﻝ اﻟﻐرﺒﻴـﺔ – ﺴـوى (ﻫﻤـﺞ ﻤﺘﺒرﺒـرﻴن) اﻻﺠـدر ﺒﻬـم اﻻﻋﺘـ ارف ﺒﺴـﻴﺎدة اﺒـن اﻟﺴـﻤﺎء

ﻋﻠـﻴﻬم ٬ وﻟﻛـن ﺒﻌـد اﻨﻔﺘـﺎح اﻟﺼـﻴن ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻌـﺎﻟم اﻟﺨـﺎرﺠﻲ ﺒﻌـد ﻋزﻟـﺔ اﺴـﺘﻤرت ﻷﻛﺜـر ﻤـن ﻗـرﻨﻴن اﺜـر

ﺴﻠﺴـﻠﺔ ﻤـن اﻟﺤـروب اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺸـﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺎ وﻓرﻨﺴـﺎ واﻟوﻻﻴـﺎت اﻟﻤﺘﺤـدة ٬ وأﻟﺤﻘـت ﺒﻬـﺎ اﻟﻬـ ازﺌم

اﻟﻤﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ وأﺠﺒرﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘوﻗﻴﻊ ﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﻤﻌﺎﻫدات ﻏﻴر ﻤﺘﻛﺎﻓﺌﺔ ٬ اﻨﺘﻘﺼت ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤن ﺴﻴﺎدة إﻤﺒ ارطورﻴـﺔ

اﻟوﺴـط – اﻟﺼـﻴن – وأرﻏﻤﺘﻬـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻓـﺘﺢ أﺒواﺒﻬـﺎ ﻋﻨـوةً ﻟﻠﺘﺠـﺎرة واﻟﺘﺒﺸـﻴر واﻟﺘﺒـﺎدﻝ اﻟدﺒﻠوﻤﺎﺴـﻲ . ﺒﻌـد
ﻛﻝ ذﻟك ﻫﻝ ﺒﻘـﻲ اﻟﺼـﻴﻨﻴون ﻋﻠـﻰ ذﻟـك اﻟﺘﺴـﺎﻤﻲ واﻻﻋﺘـ ازز ﺒﻤﻨﺤـﺎﻫم اﻟﺘﻔﻛﻴـري ٬ وﻻﺴـﻴﻤﺎ ﺒﻌـد ﻓﺸـﻠﻬم

ﻓـﻲ ﻤواﺠﻬـﺔ ﺘﻠـك اﻟﺘﺤـدﻴﺎت ؟ وﻫـﻝ ﺘـﺄﺜروا ﺒﺤﻀـﺎرة ﺘﻠـك اﻟـدوﻝ اﻟﺘـﻲ اﺠﺒـروا ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻻﺤﺘﻛـﺎك ﺒﻬـﺎ ؟

وﻫـﻝ وﺠـدوا ﺒﺎﻟﺤﻀـﺎرة اﻟﻐرﺒﻴـﺔ ﺤـﻼً ﻟﻤﺸـﺎﻛﻝ اﻟﺼـﻴن ؟ واذا ﻛـﺎن ﻛـذﻟك ﻓﻬـﻝ اﻨﺴـﻠﺨوا ﻋـن اﻟﺤﻀـﺎرة

اﻟﺼــﻴﻨﻴﺔ ام اﻨﻬــم ﺠﻌﻠوﻫــﺎ اﻷﺴــﺎس ﻓــﻲ اﻻﺼــﻼح ؟ … ﻫــذا ﻤــﺎ ﺤﺎوﻟﻨــﺎ اﻹﺠﺎﺒــﺔ ﻋﻨــﻪ ﻓــﻲ ﻫــذﻩ

اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﻨﺎوﻟت ﺠزءاً ﻤﻬﻤﺎً ﻤن ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ اﻟﺼﻴن اﻟﺤدﻴث اﻟذي ﻟم ﻴﺤظ ﺒﻌﻨﺎﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﻴـﺔ ﻤـن ﻗﺒـﻝ

ﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴﻨﺎ ٬ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻤن اﻨﻪ ﺒﺤﺎﺠﺔ ﻟﻤزﻴد ﻤن اﻟﺒﺤـث واﻟﺘﻘﺼـﻲ ﻋـن اﻟﺤﻘـﺎﺌق ﻟﺴـد ﺠـزء ﻤـن اﻟﻔـ ارغ

اﻟــذي ﺘﻌــﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻨــﻪ ﻤﻛﺘﺒﺎﺘﻨــﺎ ﺨﺎﺼــﺔ واﻟﻤﻛﺘﺒــﺎت اﻟﻌرﺒﻴــﺔ ﻋﺎﻤــﺔ ٬ ﻤﻌﺘﻤــدﻴن ﻓــﻲ ذﻟــك ﻋﻠــﻰ ﻋــدد ﻤــن

اﻟﻤﺼـﺎدر اﻟوﺜﺎﺌﻘﻴـﺔ اﻟﻌرﺒﻴـﺔ واﻟﺼـﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌرﺒـﺔ واﻟﻔرﻨﺴـﻴﺔ واﻹﻨﻛﻠﻴزﻴـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ اﻋﺘﻤـدت ﺒﺸـﻛﻝ ﻤﺒﺎﺸـر

ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟوﺜـﺎﺌق اﻟﺼـﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻛﺘﺒﻬـﺎ ﻤﺴـؤوﻟون ﺼـﻴﻨﻴون ﻓـﻲ دواﺌـر اﻟدوﻟـﺔ ٬ واﻟﻤـذﻛ ارت اﻟﺘـﻲ رﻓﻌﻬـﺎ

ﺴﻔ ارء ﺘﻠك اﻟدوﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺒﻛﻴن اﻟﻰ ﺤﻛوﻤﺎﺘﻬم ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋن ﻛﺘﺎﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺒﺸـرﻴن واﻟرﺤﺎﻟـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ ﻏطـت ﺠـزءاً
ﻤﻬﻤﺎً ﻤن ﺘﺎرﻴﺦ اﻟﺼﻴن اﻟﺤدﻴث
ﻗﻳﺎﺱ ﺍﺗﺟﺎﻩ ﻁﻠﺑﺔ ﺃﻗﺳﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺟﻐﺭﺍﻓﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ ﻧﺣﻭ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺗﻧﻣﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ (ﺑﻧﺎء ﻭ ﺗﻁﺑﻳﻕ)
Authors: ﺃ. ﻡ. ﺩ. ﻓﻳﺻﻝ ﻋﺑﺩ ﻣﻧﺷﺩ  
Published: December 2023

ان ﺘﺼـﺎﻋد اﻟﻨﺸـﺎط اﻻﻗﺘﺼـﺎدي ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌـﺎت اﻟﺒﺸـرﻴﺔ ﺨـﻼﻝ اﻟﺴـﻨوات اﻷﺨﻴـرة ﺨﻠـق ﺘـﺄﺜﻴ اًر ﻤﺒﺎﺸـ اًر
ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﻓﺎﻻﻨﺴﺎن ﻴﺄﺨذ ﻤن اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ﺴﻨوﻴﺎً ﻛﻤﻴﺎت ﻫﺎﺌﻠـﺔ ﻤـن اﻟﻤـوارد اﻟطﺒﻴﻌﻴـﺔ و ﻴﻌـﺎد ﺘﺼـﻨﻴﻌﻬﺎ و
ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻠﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻌود اﻟﻰ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ أطﻨـﺎن ﻤـن اﻟﻨﻔﺎﻴـﺎت و اﻟﻔﻀـﻼت و اﻟﻤﻠوﺜـﺎت اﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺤـدث ﺘـﺄﺜﻴ ارت ﻏﺎﻴـﺔ
ﻓـﻲ اﻷﻫﻤﻴـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﻛوﻨـﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ وﻨوﻋﻴﺘﻬـﺎ وﻫـذا اﻟﺘـﺄﺜﻴر اﻟﺴـﻠﺒﻲ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻛوﻨـﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ ﻴﺘـرك آﺜـﺎرﻩ
اﻟﻀـﺎرة ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺤﻴـﺎة اﻻﻨﺴـﺎن و ﻤﺴـﺘﻘﺒﻠﻪ ﻓﻴﻌـود ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺒـﺎﻟﺘﻠوث و اﻟﻤـرض واﻟﻤﺠﺎﻋـﺔ. ان اﻟﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن
اﻟﻨـﺎس ﻻﻴـدرﻛون ﻤﺸـﻛﻼت اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ و ﻻ ﺘﺄﺜﻴ ارﺘﻬـﺎ ﺒـﻝ ان اﻟﻛﺜﻴـر ﻤـن اﻟطﻠﺒـﺔ ﻻ ﻴﻌرﻓـون اﻟﻤﺸـﻛﻼت
اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ و ﻻ ﻴﻛوﻨون اﺘﺠﺎﻫﺎت اﻴﺠﺎﺒﻴﺔ ﻨﺤوﻫـﺎ ﻛﻤـﺎ ان ﻤﻨـﺎﻫﺞ اﻟﻌﻠـوم اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ وﻓـﻲ ﻤﻘـدﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠـم
اﻟﺠﻐ ارﻓﻴﺔ ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎرﻩ ﻋﻠﻤﺎً ﺒﻴﺌﻴﺎً ﻻ ﻴﺴﺘطﻴﻊ أن ﻴﻨﻤﻲ اﻟﻀﻤﻴر اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻲ ﻟـدى اﻟطـﻼب وﻻ ﻴﻌـرﻓﻬم ﺒﺄﻫﻤﻴـﺔ
اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﻤﺴـﺘداﻤﺔ ﻓـﻲ ﺤـﻝ ﻤﺸـﻛﻼت اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ ﻟـذا ﻓـﺎن ﻤﺸـﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺒﺤـث اﻟﺤـﺎﻟﻲ ﺘـﺘﻠﺨص ﻓـﻲ ﺒﻨـﺎء أداة
ﻟﻘﻴـﺎس اﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎت اﻟطﻠﺒـﺔ ﻨﺤـو اﻟﺒﻴﺌـﺔ و اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴـﺔ وﻤﻌرﻓـﺔ ﻤـدى ﺘﻌـرف اﻟطﻠﺒـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤﺸـﻛﻼت

اﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ و ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺤﻠﻬﺎ.
Integrating exosuit capabilities into clothing to make back relief accessible to workers unserved by existing exoskeletons: design and preliminary evaluation
Authors: Wolf Derek , Ice Chad , Fine Shimra , Slaughter Paul , Rodzak Katherine , Zelik Karl 
Published: December 2023

Background: Occupational exos (comprising both rigid exoskeletons and
soft exosuits) are emerging technologies designed to reduce the risk of
work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Existing occupational exos are
standalone accessories worn on top of a user’s clothing.
Purpose: Our objective was to determine whether back-assist exosuit
capabilities could be integrated into regular clothing in an effective
and usable manner, which could make musculoskeletal relief accessible to
more workers.
Methods: We redesigned an accessory exosuit so it could integrate into a
standard-issue U.S. Army uniform. The uniform-integrated exosuit
prototype was low-profile (protruding <30 mm from the body),
lightweight (adding 800 grams to the uniform), and could be
donned/doffed like normal clothing. We demonstrated the effectiveness
and usability of the prototype in lab testing (N=5) and in a case
study (N=1) with a U.S. Army Soldier.
Results: In lab testing, the exosuit provided 18-27 Nm of torque about
the low back during lifting. Assistance could be engaged or disengaged
one-handed in about half a second, and the exosuit did not restrict a
user’s natural range of motion or cause discomfort. The case study
Soldier who performed operationally relevant tasks reported that he was
satisfied with the weight, comfort, range of motion, and lifting
assistance of the prototype.
Conclusions: This work demonstrated proof-of-concept that integrating
back-assist exosuit capabilities into standard workwear can be effective
and usable. We added lifting assistance with little change to the form
factor, weight, range of motion, or comfort of the standard uniform.
This new sub-class of exosuit could be beneficial to workers who
alternate between bending, lifting, and sitting (e.g., driving) tasks,
or to those in customer- or patient-facing jobs where it is important
for wearable technology to be discreet.
DIFICULDADE TERAPÊUTICA DA DIFERENCIAÇÃO CLÍNICA DA DOENÇA DE CROHN E TUBERCULOSE INTESTINAL
Authors: Santos Natália Gonçalves , Nascimento Erika Souza do , Benevides Heloisa Balbinot , Almeida Ellen Christina de Oliveira , Santana Archimedes Fernandes Alves de , Medeiros Lara Graziela Fernandes Maia de , Fernandes Maria Clara Oliveira , Chaves Ilária Ferreira , Siqueira João Marcos Costa de , Leite Cleber Queiroz 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo conscientizar sobre a dificuldade da diferenciação entre a Doença de Crohn e a Tuberculose, bem como os impactos desse impasse no cotidiano clínico. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa baseada em banco de dados online que forneceram artigos gratuitos, datados entre 2019 e 2023, em língua portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa que correspondiam ao tema delimitado. Conclui-se que embora as dificuldades na consolidação de protocolos, o estudo histológico tem sido a aposta para a otimização diagnóstica, bem como as políticas para erradicação da TB tem impactado no prognóstico dos enfermos.
Palavras-chave: Doença de Crohn, Tuberculose Gastrointestinal, Diagnóstico.
Theoretical Justification of the Parameters of the Purge Air of the Upper Zone of the Room in the Presence of Radiation Cooling
Authors: Чуйкин С.В. , Лобода А.В. 
Published: December 2023

Постановка задачи. Целью научной статьи является разработка методики расчета параметров воздуха системы продувочной вентиляции верней зоны помещения при наличии радиационного охлаждения от поверхности льда в крытых катках и ледовых аренах. Результаты. Важной особенностью модели является выбор в качестве главного процесса лучистого теплообмена, учет конвективной составляющей осуществляется за счет суммарной приведенной степени черноты системы. Предложена скорректированная методика расчета параметров продувочного воздуха, позволяющая определить необходимый объем продувки при заданной температуре, путем введения поправки к конвективной составляющей радиационно-конвективного теплообмена. Выводы. Приведенная в данной работе итерационная модель расчета температуры внутренней поверхности строительных и ограждающих конструкций крыты катков позволяет осуществить поверочный расчет минимально допустимой температуры поверхности исходя из условий недопущения выпадения конденсата и отличается от существующих возможностью учета радиационно-конвективного теплообмена кровли с окружающим воздухом и поверхностями.
Statement of the problem. The purpose of the scientific article is to develop a methodology for calculating the air parameters of the purge ventilation system of the upper zone of the room in the presence of radiation cooling from the ice surface in indoor ice rinks and ice arenas. Results. An important feature of the model is the choice of radiant heat transfer as the main process, the convective component is taken into account due to the total reduced degree of blackness of the system. An adjusted method for calculating purge air parameters is proposed, which allows determining the required purge volume at a given temperature by introducing an amendment to the convective component of radiation-convective heat exchange. Conclusions. The iterative model given in this paper for calculating the temperature of the inner surface of the building and enclosing structures of the indoor skating rinks allows for the verification calculation of the minimum allowable surface temperature, based on the conditions for preventing condensation, and differs from the existing ones by the possibility of taking into account the radiation-convective heat exchange of the roof with the surrounding air and surfaces.
Effect of Impregnation Modification on the Operational Properties of Wood Materials
Authors: Ярцев В.П. , Киселева О.А. 
Published: December 2023

Постановка задачи.Выявить влияние модификации на эксплуатационные свойства древесины и материалов на ее основе. Результаты. Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований эксплуатационных свойств и долговечности модифицированных органическими материалами древесины, фанеры, ламината, ДСП и ДВП. Результаты исследования базируются на положениях термофлуктуационной теории прочности. Выводы. Комплекс проведенных исследований в достаточной мере демонстрирует влияние модификации на эксплуатационные свойства древесины и материалов на ее основе. В ходе исследований выявлено, что модификация позволила повысить гидрофизические свойства материалов, их прочность и биостойкость. Но при этом отмечается изменение механизмов их разрушения, что неоднозначно влияет на долговечность модифицированных материалов.
Statement of the problem. To identify the effect of modification on the operational properties of wood and materials based on it. Results. The results of experimental studies of operational properties and durability modified by organic materials of wood, plywood, laminate, chipboard and fiberboard are presented. The results of the study on durability are based on the provisions of the thermal fluctuation theory of strength. Conclusions. The complex of the conducted studies sufficiently demonstrates the effect of modification on the operational properties of wood and materials based on it. In the course of research, it was revealed that the modification allowed to increase the hydrophysical properties of materials, their strength and biostability. But at the same time, there is a change in the mechanisms of their destruction, which ambiguously affects the durability of modified materials.