bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adopting normalized full gradient method for regional‐scale gravity modelling: A case study for Northwestern Iran
Authors: Alipour Ako , Motaghi Khalil , Mousavi Zahra , Cheraghi Hamideh , Saadat Seyed Abdoreza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe normalized full gradient was developed to determine anomalous bodies, such as oil and gas fields or simple geological structures studies. We believe that even in complicated geology, normalized full gradient is practical. We introduce data preprocessing and use step‐by‐step simple‐to‐complicated synthetic tests to develop previous researchers’ ideas for regional‐scale gravity modelling. One of the most important steps of the normalized full gradient is the determination of the N optimum value. We found that prevalent methods such as the standard spectral or maxima method are feasible in simple structures only. So, we have suggested the imaging criteria routine for complicated cases. We trace maximum normalized full gradient responses to detect the normalized full gradient responses at the increasing harmonic numbers as the transition of the extensive part of the anomaly to the sharp part of that. With imaging criteria for the determination of N optimum values, the complicated synthetic test results show the success of the normalized full gradient to understand complicated gravity signals. In the real case, we have studied the Northwestern Iran normalized full gradient model of the Bouguer ground gravity data beneath the seismic profile and prepared a P receiver function depth section to uncover the geometry of the Moho boundary and important interfaces in the crust. We suggest the inferred synthetic model from the Bouguer ground gravity anomaly and P receiver function depth section to normalized full gradient trustworthy test in real cases. According to the synthetic test results, we understand the frame of the normalized full gradient responses in the semi‐real case and truthful responses in the real case. Along with this, we study the second ground gravity profile of Northwestern Iran in a good resolution to uncover the deeper structures. The real case results show the possibility of Moho offset and thinning lithosphere beneath the North Tabriz Fault lithospheric boundary, the possible source of Sahand volcanic centre at the west side of the Moho offset beneath North Tabriz Fault, the deep root of the Sabalan volcanic centre in the lower crust and the lithospheric and asthenospheric wedge with the density contrast beneath Sahand–Sabalan volcanic centres. One of the most important results of our study is the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary offset and stepped Moho possibility beneath the Talesh Mts next to the South Caspian Basin boundary.
Cellular and molecular evidence that synaptic Schwann cells contribute to aging of mouse neuromuscular junctions
Authors: Hastings Robert Louis , Avila Mary Flordelys , Suneby Emma , Juros Devin , O'Young Anson , Peres da Silva Jason , Valdez Gregorio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAge‐induced degeneration of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is associated with motor dysfunction and muscle atrophy. While the impact of aging on the NMJ presynapse and postsynapse is well‐documented, little is known about the changes perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs), the synaptic glia of the NMJ, undergo during aging. Here, we examined PSCs in young, middle‐aged, and old mice in three muscles with different susceptibility to aging. Using light and electron microscopy, we found that PSCs acquire age‐associated cellular features either prior to or at the same time as the onset of NMJ degeneration. Notably, we found that aged PSCs fail to completely cap the NMJ even though they are more abundant in old compared with young mice. We also found that aging PSCs form processes that either intrude into the synaptic cleft or guide axonal sprouts to innervate other NMJs. We next profiled the transcriptome of PSCs and other Schwann cells (SCs) to identify mechanisms altered in aged PSCs. This analysis revealed that aged PSCs acquire a transcriptional pattern previously shown to promote phagocytosis that is absent in other SCs. It also showed that aged PSCs upregulate unique pro‐inflammatory molecules compared to other aged SCs. Interestingly, neither synaptogenesis genes nor genes that are typically upregulated by repair SCs were induced in aged PSCs or other SCs. These findings provide insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms that could be targeted in PSCs to stave off the deleterious effects of aging on NMJs.
Nationwide and regional trends in distance and near visual acuities during 2000–2017 in Finland
Authors: Purola Petri , Koskinen Seppo , Uusitalo Hannu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate time trends in distance and near vision at the national and regional levels during 2000–2017 in Finland.MethodsWe used three cross‐sectional, nationwide health examination surveys representing the Finnish adult population aged 30 years or older in 2000, 2011 and 2017. Bilateral, habitual distance and near visual acuity (VA) were measured in all three surveys.ResultsThe prevalence of good distance vision (VA ≥ 1.0) increased from 76.7% to 81.3% during 2000–2017 while the prevalence of weak or worse distance vision (VA ≤ 0.5) decreased from 7.6% to 3.7%. The improvements were largest among those aged 85 years and older: the prevalence of distance VA ≤ 0.5 decreased from 71.8% to 28.3%. Near vision showed improvement to a lesser extent in the total population; nevertheless, among those aged 85 years and older the prevalence of weak or worse near vision (VA ≤ 0.5) decreased from 62.3% to 27.1%. A similar positive time trend was observed in all main regions of Finland, and differences between urban and rural regions were small.ConclusionDuring the past two decades, the overall vision level has improved among the adult population. This is explained mostly by a positive shift from lower to higher vision levels among older age groups, indicating that people live longer with good or adequate vision. This positive trend showed remarkable similarity throughout different regions in Finland, highlighting the importance of equal and accessible eye care throughout the country.
Finnish children who needed long‐term home respiratory support had severe sleep‐disordered breathing and complex medical backgrounds
Authors: Järvelä Mervi , Katila Maija , Eskola Vesa , Mäkinen Riikka , Mandelin Paula , Saarenpää‐Heikkilä Outi , Lauhkonen Eero 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimNo studies have described long‐term paediatric home respiratory support in Nordic countries. We examined the clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of paediatric patients who received continuous positive airway pressure, non‐invasive‐positive‐pressure ventilation and invasive ventilation from a multidisciplinary home respiratory support team.MethodsRetrospective tertiary‐level data were collected between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020 in Tampere University Hospital. These comprised patient demographics, treatment course and polysomnography‐confirmed sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB).ResultsThere were 93 patients (63.4% boys). The median age at treatment initiation was 8.4 (range 0.11–16.9) years. The patients had: neuromuscular disease (16.1%), central nervous system disease (14.0%), developmental disabilities and congenital syndrome (29.0%), lung‐airway conditions (11.8%), craniofacial syndrome (15.1%) and severe obesity (14.0%). More than two‐thirds had severe SDB (66.7%) and the most common one was obstructive sleep apnoea in 66.7%. We found that 92.5% received long‐term therapy for more than 3 months and the mean treatment duration was 3.3 ± 2.7 years. A non‐invasive mask interface was used in 94.7% of cases and 5.3% needed tracheostomy ventilation. More than a quarter (26.7%) achieved disease resolution during the study period.ConclusionMost children who needed long‐term home respiratory support had complex conditions and severe, persistent SDB.
Stabilisation and resuscitation with intact cord circulation is feasible using a wide variety of approaches; a scoping review
Authors: Alikhani Vesta Seyed , Thies‐Lagergren Li , Svedenkrans Jenny , Elfvin Anders , Bolk Jenny , Andersson Ola 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThis scoping review identified studies on approaches to intact cord resuscitation and/or stabilisation (ICR/S) for neonates delivered by Caesarean section (C‐section).MethodsA systematic literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and CINAHL databases to identify papers published in English from inception to 14 November 2022.ResultsWe assessed 2613 studies and included 18 from 10 countries, covering 1–125 C‐sections: the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, India, Italy, China, France, The Netherlands, New Zealand and Taiwan. The papers were published from 2014 to 2023, and the majority were randomised controlled trials and observational studies. Different platforms, equipment and staff positions in relation to the operating table were described. Options for resuscitation and stabilisation included different bedding and trolley approaches, and maintaining aseptic conditions was mainly addressed by the neonatal team scrubbing in. Hypothermia was prevented by using warm surfaces, polythene bags and radiant heaters. Equipment was kept easily accessible by mounting it on a trolley or a separate mobile pole.ConclusionWe could not reach definitive conclusions on the optimal method for performing ICR/S during a C‐section, due to study variations. However, a number of equipment and management options appeared to be feasible approaches.
Letter: Entecavir versus tenofovir on serum lipoprotein levels of hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy—Author's reply
Authors: Ogawa Eiichi 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Ogawa et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17107andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17668
Ash1L ameliorates psoriasis via limiting neuronal activity‐dependent release of miR‐let‐7b
Authors: Du Wan‐Jie , Yang Huan , Tong Fang , Liu Shuai , Zhang Chen , Chen Yeying , Yan Yuze , Xiang Yan‐Wei , Hua Ling‐Yang , Gong Ye , Xu Zhi‐Xiang , Liu Xiaoyan , Jiang Xingyu , Lu Mingfang , Guan Ji‐Song , Han Qingjian 
Published: September 2023

Background and PurposePsoriasis is a common autoimmune skin disease that significantly diminishes patients' quality of life. Interactions between primary afferents of the somatosensory system and the cutaneous immune system mediate the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of how primary sensory neurons regulate psoriasis formation.Experimental ApproachSkin and total RNA were extracted from wild‐type (WT) and ASH1‐like histone lysine methyltransferase (Ash1l+/−) mice in both naive and imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis models. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) were then performed. Microfluidic chamber coculture was used to investigate the interaction between somatosensory neurons and bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) ex vivo. Whole‐cell patch clamp recordings were used to evaluate neuronal excitability after Ash1L haploinsufficiency in primary sensory neurons.Key ResultsThe haploinsufficiency of ASH1L, a histone methyltransferase, in primary sensory neurons causes both neurite hyperinnervation and increased neuronal excitability, which promote miR‐let‐7b release from primary afferents in the skin in a neuronal activity‐dependent manner. With a ‘GUUGUGU’ core sequence, miR‐let‐7b functions as an endogenous ligand of toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) and stimulates the activation of dermal dendritic cells (DCs) and interleukin (IL)‐23/IL‐17 axis, ultimately exacerbating the symptoms of psoriasis. Thus, by limiting miR‐let‐7b release from primary afferents, ASH1L prevents dermal DC activation and ameliorates psoriasis.Conclusion and ImplicationsSomatosensory neuron ASH1L modulates the cutaneous immune system by limiting neuronal activity‐dependent release of miR‐let‐7b, which can directly activate dermal DCs via TLR7 and ultimately lead to aggravated psoriatic lesion.
Sex‐independent timing of the onset of central puberty revealed by nocturnal luteinizing hormone concentrations
Authors: Demir And , Hero Matti , Juul Anders , Main Katharina M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe designed a longitudinal study to investigate the association between the ages of central pubertal activation and the appearance of clinical signs of puberty and determined total luteinizing hormone (LH) immunoreactivity in daytime‐ and nocturnal sleeptime‐excreted urine samples.Patients and MeasurementsThirty healthy volunteers (17 boys and 13 girls, aged 3.4–15.2 years and 4.3–14.3 years, respectively, at the beginning of the study) were included. Male and female subjects were followed for an average of 15 visits during 5.5 and 5.8 years on average, respectively. At each visit, subjects provided 24‐h urine samples divided into nocturnal sleeptime and waketime portions according to the participant's sleep‐and‐wake rhythm. Total urinary LH (U‐LH) concentrations were measured in duplicate by Delfia® IFMA (Wallac), which has been designed specifically to detect intact LH as well as the beta subunit and its core fragment, but not the human chorionic gonadotropin.ResultsThe initial increases in nocturnal sleeptime total U‐LH concentrations over the cutoff value of 0.7 IU/L occurred at around the same time (around 9–10 years of age) in both sexes, which could not be detected in waketime urine samples. The mean first age for the nocturnal sleeptime total U‐LH concentrations to reach or surpass the cutoff was 10.7 years (range: 10.2–11.6 years) in boys and 11.8 years (range: 10.7–13.4 years) in girls, showing no statistically significant difference between the sexes (p = .15). The mean time span from the age at which sleeptime total U‐LH concentration first exceeded the 0.7 IU/L level to observing pubertal stage 2 was 1.5 years in boys and 0.1 years in girls.ConclusionsFindings in our population with a limited sample size suggest that the timing of central pubertal activation is a sex‐independent phenomenon, which can be observed by monitoring the nocturnal sleeptime total LH concentrations in urine. The lag time from central pubertal activation of gonadotropin secretion to the clinical onset of puberty is significantly longer in boys.
Novel WEE2 homozygous mutations c.1346C>T and c.949A>T identified in primary infertile women due to unexplained fertilization failure
Authors: Guo Haiyan , Wu Haibo , Yan Zheng , Yin Mingru , Wu Ling , Li Bin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe occurrence of unexplained fertilization failure can have profound psychological and financial consequences for couples struggling with infertility, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. Increasing evidence highlights genetic basis of unexplained fertilization failure occurrence. Here, we identified one novel homozygous nonsense mutation (c.949A>T), one novel homozygous missense mutation (c.1346C>T), and three reported homozygous mutations (c.585G>C, c.1006_1007insTA, c.1221G>A) in six unrelated probands, showing similar manifestations of unexplained fertilization failure. This finding expands the spectrum of WEE2 mutations, highlighting the critical role of WEE2 in fertilization process, and provides a basis for the prognostic value of testing for WEE2 mutations in primary infertile couples with unexplained fertilization failure.
Bone regeneration after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with different ratios of autogenous bone and deproteinized bovine bone mineral an in vivo experimental study
Authors: Starch‐Jensen Thomas , Schou Søren , Terheyden Hendrik , Bruun Niels Henrik , Aludden Hanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTest the hypothesis of no difference in bone regeneration after maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with different ratios of iliac or mandibular autogenous bone (AB) graft and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM).Materials and MethodsForty minipigs were randomly allocated to bilateral MSFA using: (A) 100% AB, (B) 75% AB and 25% DBBM, (C) 50% AB and 50% DBBM, (D) 25% AB and 75% DBBM, or (E) 100% DBBM. The animals were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery. Percentage of bone, non‐mineralized tissue, and residual DBBM were estimated by histomorphometric analysis in a randomly selected region of interest and summarized as mean percentage with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsMean percentage of bone following MSFA with iliac or mandibular AB graft was: (A) 55.5% and 64.2%, (B) 60.3% and 61.6%, (C) 54.4% and 52.1%, (D) 51.8% and 53.1%, and (E) 47.6%, respectively. There was a significant trend toward a higher percentage of bone, with a higher ratio of AB within the graft (p < .01), regardless of the origin of AB graft (iliac or mandible).ConclusionsThe hypothesis was rejected since percentage of bone was significantly increased with larger proportions of AB within the graft. Consequently, AB or a mixture of AB and diminutive quantities of DBBM seem to be the preferred graft for MSFA based solely on histomorphometric assessment. However, it should be emphasized that newly formed bone and residual AB graft particles could not be distinguished by the applied histologic procedure.
The Hamas war against Israel as reflected in the poetry written by its leaders during the First Intifada and the early years of implementation of the Oslo Accords
Authors: Ben‐Dror Elad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article looks at Hamas's war against Israel through the lens of the poetry written by leading members of Hamas during the period 1987–1996 (from the founding of the organization through the early stages of the implementation of the Oslo Accords). Poetry is one of the means employed by Hamas to convey its political, social, and religious messages and ideology, which links its Islamic outlook with Palestinian nationalism. During the years covered by the article, dozens of the organization's senior members expressed themselves in this genre. The article looks at ten poets who were affiliated with Hamas leadership circles and were intensively engaged in writing poetry in those years. It describes the background to this activity, extracts the main messages and motifs presented in their verse, and examines the goals served by this lyrical composition in the organization's war against Israel.
Politicized shopping in the gig economy: Retaliation and solidarity on the “other side” of the app
Authors: Maffie Michael David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this mixed‐methods article, the author investigates how gig workers behave when they become consumers of these products. The author finds that workers engage in politicized shopping – where they order from platform companies with comparably better labor standards – both to retaliate against companies with substandard labor practices and support their fellow gig workers. By examining worker behavior on the “other side” of the platform, this article expands our understanding politicized shopping in this emerging area of work.
Carbon‐neutral pathways to 2050 for Japan's aviation industry in the absence of a mass supply of sustainable aviation fuels
Authors: Kito Minami , Takayabu Hirotaka , Nansai Keisuke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe global aviation sector must reduce its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to achieve its 2050 net‐zero emissions target. Although the current pathway to the target considers an increase in aviation demand following the COVID‐19 pandemic, emissions can be offset by the introduction of future technologies such as electric and hydrogen aircraft and sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). However, the commercialization of these future technologies is uncertain. In this study, we explore the feasible pathways for achieving the 2050 target in Japan. Specifically, we compare non‐future technology pathways, such as improving fuel efficiency and controlling flight distance and aircraft lifespan, with future technology pathways, such as introducing SAF. The results showed that the non‐future technology pathway would require up to 27% suppression of cumulative flight distances by 2050 relative to the predicted flight distance if only improving fuel efficiency and controlling flight distance and aircraft lifetimes. Minimizing the cumulative cost of the target achievement is contingent upon maximizing fuel efficiency and aircraft life extension. Additionally, the target achievement requires switching domestic flights to railway transport and limiting international flights for leisure, as well as increasing fares by up to 48% to compensate for sale declines. If future technologies are not fully implemented, substantial social change will be required to achieve the target.
Science in the Trading Zone: Interdisciplinarity and the ‘Environment’
Authors: Honeybun‐Arnolda Elliot 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInterdisciplinarity continues to be a focus and method for complex social and environmental challenges. This paper explores how the School of Environmental Sciences (ENV) at the University of East Anglia (UEA) which was founded through the idea of scientific interdisciplinarity operated in practice to create new knowledge about a new object of concern, the ‘environment’. Using the ‘trading zone’ concept, the social and epistemic processes behind making scientific interdisciplinarity a material and institutional reality are uncovered, and to what extent interdisciplinary knowledge was actually produced. This paper concludes that interdisciplinary processes can be effective in dealing with complex challenges but often rely on the institutional and social dynamics of the researchers involved. Historicising interdisciplinarity in knowledge‐making settings can go some way in supporting new interdisciplinary endeavours associated with environmental and climate research.
Effect of an action‐research nutrition intervention on the Global Diet Quality Score of Colombian adolescents
Authors: Restrepo‐Mesa Sandra L. , Correa Guzmán Nathalia , Calvo Víctor , Giraldo Quijano María Cristina , Hernández Álvarez Carolina , Bergeron Gilles 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStrategies to address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls and young women often focus on supplementation. In this study, an action‐research approach involving a nutrition education and entrepreneurship intervention was carried out among adolescent girls and young women in poor neighborhoods of Medellín, Colombia. The intervention group significantly increased its intake of several nutrients, including energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, cholesterol, dietary fiber, calcium, zinc, and vitamins A, B2, B3, B9, and C. A significant increase was observed in the intake of the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) healthy food groups (other fruits, other vegetables, legumes, high‐fat dairy products), accompanied by a decrease in the consumption of some unhealthy food groups (sweets and ice creams). A multivariate regression controlling for age, socioeconomic status, occupation, Household Hunger Scale, mean probability of adequacy, physical activity, and body self‐perception showed that the nutrition intervention improved the total GDQS by 33% in the intervention group—a substantial improvement notwithstanding the study group's precarious social and economic conditions. We conclude that nutrition education and entrepreneurship models based on this approach may improve the dietary profile of this population and reduce future pressures from nutrition‐related chronic diseases.