bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative changes in seasonal marine heatwaves and cold spells over the Tropical Indian Ocean during recent decades and disentangling the drivers of highly intense events
Authors: Dinesh Anand Singh , Mishra Alok Kumar , Dubey Aditya Kumar , Kumari Suruchi , Anand Akash 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe unprecedented increase in the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the warming climate yield stress to the system and pose severe threats to the marine ecosystem. Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) and Marine Cold Spells (MCSs) are two extreme events related to SST variability. For better management of ocean productivity, marine ecosystem, marine services, and fisheries, the understanding of seasonal discrepancies rather than annual documentation of MHWs and MCSs metrics is more utilitarian. This study documents the decadal changes in the MHWs and MCSs over the Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) for all seasons. Additionally, highly intense events (based on intensity and duration) are identified and demonstrate the associated drivers. During the past two decades (1982–1990, 1991–2000), the MCSs were more frequent than MHWs in every season. However, in the recent two decades (2001–2010, 2011–2020), TIO become more prone to MHWs with considerably more frequent and prolonged events in JJAS months. Moreover, MCSs are disappearing from the TIO. It was noted that the choice of baseline period has an impact on the magnitude of MHWs and MCSs changes, but the spatial pattern (regions with high/low magnitude MHWs and MCSs) stays fairly constant in all baseline period sensitivity checks. The investigation of highly intense events reveals that MHWs and MCSs are produced and sustained by the same drivers when they are at their opposing edges. In general, the coherence effort from winds, net heat fluxes (shortwave radiation, longwave radiation, latent heat flux, and sensible heat flux), mixed level depth, and mean sea level pressure contribute to the genesis of seasonal MHWs or MCSs events. Additionally, in some cases, a single driver (e.g., wind) may also play a crucial role in these extreme events. The remote climate modes of variability, such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation, also contribute significantly to the MHWs and MCSs. El Niño (La Niña) events not only increase the spatial coverage of MHWs (MCSs) but also increases the intensity.
The effect of homogenization when constructing long‐term gridded monthly precipitation and temperature data
Authors: Tveito Ole Einar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen assessing long‐term climate trends and variability, it is important to analyse data that are not disturbed by external factors that might lead to misleading trends. It is also urgent to analyse consistent series that cover the entire time period. Since observation networks are continuously changing not too many complete series are available for a centennial long analysis. In this paper an approach to construct long‐term homogenized climate series to be used to derive a long‐term gridded dataset is presented. A gridded dataset of monthly climate anomalies based on all available observations was used to construct 165 raw temperature series and 323 raw precipitation series covering the entire period 1901–2020. These series are homogenized by using the automatic procedure in the R‐package climatol. The gridded data based on the homogenized data show the same regional trends and variability as the data derived from non‐homogenized data. The local spatial variance is smaller in the gridded data based on homogenized series than those based on the raw data series. Both the construction and homogenization of data series to provide spatial and temporal consistent data for gridding lead to better and more reliable gridded datasets for analysing climate trends and variability.
Development of nanofibers functionalized with Cyanex 272 for selective recovery of gold from printed circuit board
Authors: Bernardo Heliano Clemente , Martins Thiago Rodrigues , Bertuol Daniel Assumpção , Tanabe Eduardo Hiromitsu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdvances in technological development mean that the recovery of rare and strategic metals from secondary sources has become essential, due to the high demand for these metals in the production of electronic equipment. Contributing to this goal, the main purpose of this work was to develop Nylon 6 nanofibers modified with the Cyanex 272 organic extractant, for use in the selective recovery of gold present in printed circuit boards from armored vehicles. The nanofibers were produced by the centrifugation technique, employing the Forcespinning® system. The best extraction conditions for the separation and concentration of gold were 10% Cyanex 272, fixed pH of 1.5, contact time of 15 min, and solid:liquid ratio (S/L) of 1/700. Gold extraction efficiencies above 77% were achieved in this step. In the stripping step, efficiencies exceeding 85% were obtained using 1 M HCl, 1 M thiourea, S/L of 1/50, and contact time of 3 min. The nanofibers were evaluated in terms of their adsorption capacity, stability, and capacity for reuse in successive cycles. The results showed that the Nylon 6/Cyanex 272 nanofibers could be used in several extraction and stripping cycles. These nanofibers provided high selectivity in the recovery of gold when applied using real leachate solutions, in the presence of other metals (lead, tin, zinc, and copper). The use of nanofibers modified with Cyanex 272 was shown to be an effective option for gold recovery, with lower environmental impacts, compared to conventional liquid–liquid extraction methods that require the use of organic solvents.
Long‐term application of core spun fabric strain sensor manufactured via dip coating for large deformation monitoring
Authors: Han Lei , Zhang Taochuan , Lin Cheng , Gao Qun , Liu Yanlin , Tang Jilong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we fabricated strain sensors using a dip‐coating method on spandex fabric utilizing a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran/N,N‐dimethylformamide and carbon black. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated a positive correlation between the amount of adhered Carbon black (CB) particles and coating time. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed the thermodynamic behavior of the sensor as gradually heated up to 650°. Mechanical analysis indicated that the reported sensors exhibited a higher elongation at break compared to the original spandex fabric, but with a slight decrease in strength. Moreover, the dissipated energy of each fabric shows a stabilizing tendency after 10 cycles during a 300% stretching‐releasing cyclic tests, where no significant changes observed until the 50th cycle, demonstrating an excellent mechanical repeatability of the fabric sensors. In terms of sensing performance, the sensor exhibited a high sensing range of up to 300%, with the maximum sensitivity reaching 16. Furthermore, we conducted cyclic stretching tests up to 200% strain to characterize the long‐term stability of the fabric's sensing ability. The results demonstrated that our reported method enables a low‐cost and efficient fabrication of sensors with excellent performance.
Lack of benefit from premedication for pegylated asparaginase during pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma therapy: A side‐by‐side comparison
Authors: Menig Sarah , Dinh Andrew , Angus Jonathan , Tucker Sarah , Leger Kasey J. , Rushing Teresa , Orgel Etan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPegylated l‐asparaginase (PEG) is integral to treatment regimens for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma. Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to PEG are common and can preclude continued administration. Data supporting recommendations for universal premedication (UPM) prior to PEG infusion to reduce incidence of HSRs are limited; UPM has become common practice.ProceduresTwo free‐standing children's hospitals independently implemented UPM prior to PEG infusions in 2016 and 2019, respectively. In a side‐by‐side retrospective analysis, incidence and severity of HSRs were analyzed pre‐ and postimplementation of UPM in youth ≥1 years old treated with frontline PEG‐containing ALL regimens (2015–2018, 2016–2020). All HSRs were centrally reviewed within each institution to confirm and grade the HSR (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, v5). Planned analyses of subsets at potentially greater risk for HSRs included intensive PEG regimens (≥5 doses), adolescent and young adults (AYA), Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity, and obesity.ResultsIn 410 patients (by institution, n = 282 and n = 128), the overall incidence of Grade ≥ 3 HSRs was 20% (56 out of 282) and 18% (23 out of 128), respectively. No difference in incidence of Grade ≥ 3 HSRs in patients with versus without UPM was found at either institution (23 vs. 19%, p = .487 and 19 vs. 17%, p = .845). UPM also did not reduce the severity of HSRs, nor influence HSR risk within any patient subset.ConclusionsUPM prior to PEG infusion did not alter incidence or severity of HSRs at either institution. HSR remains a common complication of PEG therapy, impacting the patient experience. Alternative strategies to reduce HSRs are urgently required.
Optimal timing of delivery for growth restricted fetuses with gastroschisis: A decision analysis
Authors: Packer Claire H. , Pilliod Rachel A. , Caughey Aaron B. , Sparks Teresa N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur objective was to determine the optimal timing of delivery of growth restricted fetuses with gastroschisis in the setting of normal umbilical artery (UA) Dopplers.MethodsWe designed a decision analytic model using TreeAge software for a hypothetical cohort of 2000 fetuses with isolated gastroschisis, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and normal UA Dopplers across 34–39 weeks of gestation. This model accounted for costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) for the pregnant individual and the neonate. Model outcomes included stillbirth, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), short gut syndrome (SGS), neonatal sepsis, neonatal death, and neurodevelopmental disability (NDD).ResultsWe found 38 weeks to be the optimal timing of delivery for minimizing overall perinatal mortality and leading to the highest total QALYs. Compared to 37 weeks, delivery at 38 weeks resulted in 367.98 more QALYs, 2.22 more cases of stillbirth, 2.41 fewer cases of RDS, 0.02 fewer cases of NEC, 1.65 fewer cases of IVH, 0.5 fewer cases of SGS, 2.04 fewer cases of sepsis, 11.8 fewer neonatal deaths and 3.37 fewer cases of NDD. However, 39 weeks were the most cost‐effective strategy with a savings of $1,053,471 compared to 38 weeks. Monte Carlo analysis demonstrated that 38 weeks was the optimal gestational age for delivery 51.70% of the time, 39 weeks were optimal 47.40% of the time, and 37 weeks was optimal 0.90% of the time.ConclusionTaking into consideration a range of adverse perinatal outcomes and cost effectiveness, 38–39 weeks gestation is ideal for the delivery of fetuses with gastroschisis, FGR, and normal UA Dopplers. However, there are unique details to consider for each case, and the timing of delivery should be individualized using shared multidisciplinary decision making.
The case for health professional student communication skills training for persons with aphasia
Authors: Mattar Kevin , Eickmeyer Sarah M. , Babbitt Edna , Rydberg Leslie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCommunication challenges in persons with aphasia may negatively affect their health care. Building effective communication skills is critical for health professional student education, yet communication skills for interacting with persons with aphasia are often not taught or practiced within health care education. A review of the literature found that research is limited but does demonstrate evidence‐based training can improve skills for health professional students. Through utilization of workshops, seminars, and standardized patients, medical students and other health professional students can build confidence and skills in successful communication for future encounters with persons with aphasia.
Automated performance metrics, learning curve and robotic colorectal surgery
Authors: Wong Shing Wai , Crowe Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Automated Performance Metrics (APMs) in assessing the learning curve.MethodsA retrospective review of 85 consecutive patients who underwent total robotic colorectal surgery at a single institution between August 2020 and October 2022 was performed. Patient demographics, operation type, and APMs were collected and analysed. Cumulative summation technique (CUSUM) was used to construct learning curves of surgeon console time (SCT), use of the fourth arm, clutch activation, instrument off screen (number and duration), and cut electrocautery activation.ResultsTwo phases with 50 and 35 cases were identified from the CUSUM graph for SCT. The SCT was significantly different between the two phases (176 and 251 min, p < 0.002). After adjustment for SCT, the APMs were not significantly different between the two phases.ConclusionsMost APMs do not offer additional learning curve information when compared with SCT analysis alone.
Copper‐Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of 5‐Ethynyloxazolidine‐2,4‐diones with Benzoylacetonitriles: Synthesis of Dihydrofuran Derivatives
Authors: Du Juan , Qu Siting , Yu Zhiyuan , Duan Zeqing , Yu Songcheng , Wu Yongjun , Zheng Bing , Guo Hongchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed (3+2) annulation of 5‐ethynyloxazolidine‐2,4‐diones with acylacetonitriles worked well under mild reaction conditions to afford biologically important 2,3‐dihydrofuran derivatives having an amide moiety in moderate to high yields. A wide scope of easily accessible 5‐ethynyloxazolidine‐2,4‐diones and acylacetonitriles were tolerated. The successful scale‐up reaction demonstrated that the reaction is a useful method for the synthesis of 2,3‐dihydrofuran derivatives.
Elevated parent and child hair cortisol moderated the efficacy of a mindful eating intervention
Authors: Ling Jiying , Miller Alison L. , Robbins Lorraine B. , Zhang Nanhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo explore whether elevated baseline hair cortisol moderated effects of a mindful eating intervention on anthropometrics, blood pressure (BP), household food insecurity, eating behaviour, and various psychosocial outcomes. The 14‐week intervention included a parent Facebook‐based programme, 3 parent meetings, preschooler letters connecting school learning to home practices, and a preschool‐based mindful eating programme. Among 107 parent‐preschooler dyads, mean age was 47.32 months for preschoolers and 30.12 years for parents. Among preschoolers, 54.2% were female, 8.4% were Hispanic, and 19.6% were Black. Among parents, 95.3% were female, 6.5% were Hispanic, 15.0% were Black, 39.4% were single, and 43.4% were unemployed. Preschoolers' elevated hair cortisol was related to a smaller reduction in preschoolers' % body fat (r =.31) and smaller increases in parents' perceived responsibility for child feeding (r = −.37). Parents' elevated hair cortisol was associated with smaller decreases in preschoolers' emotional eating (r = .39) and household food insecurity (r = .44). Relationships between baseline hair cortisol and post‐intervention outcomes (BP, emotional eating, fruit/vegetable intake, food insecurity, and coping) varied by baseline values of outcome variables. Given that stress may attenuate intervention effects, a stress management component may be necessary to foster positive behavioural changes. Moreover, interventions should be tailored according to participants' characteristics to achieve optimal effects.
Smart Physical‐Based Transdermal Drug Delivery System:Towards Intelligence and Controlled Release
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Pan Yinping , Hou Yao , Li Minghui , Deng Jia , Wang Bochu , Hao Shilei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransdermal drug delivery systems based on physical principles have provided a stable, efficient, and safe strategy for disease therapy. However, the intelligent device with real‐time control and precise drug release is required to enhance treatment efficacy and improve patient compliance. This review summarizes the recent developments, application scenarios, and drug release characteristics of smart transdermal drug delivery systems fabricated with physical principle. Special attention is paid to the progress of intelligent design and concepts in of physical‐based transdermal drug delivery technologies for real‐time monitoring and precise drug release. In addition, facing with the needs of clinical treatment and personalized medicine, the recent progress and trend of physical enhancement are further highlighted for transdermal drug delivery systems in combination with pharmaceutical dosage forms to achieve better transdermal effects and facilitate the development of smart medical devices. Finally, the next generation and future application scenarios of smart physical‐based transdermal drug delivery systems are discussed, a particular focus in vaccine delivery and tumor treatment.
The use of non‐invasive stool tests for verification of Helicobacter pylori eradication and clarithromycin resistance
Authors: Mommersteeg Michiel C. , Nieuwenburg Stella A. V. , Wolters Leonieke M. M. , Roovers Buddy H. C. M. , van Vuuren Hanneke A. J. , Verhaar Auke P. , Bruno Marco J. , Kuipers Ernst J. , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Spaander Manon C. W. , Fuhler Gwenny M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundClarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) represents a major challenge in eradication therapy. In this study, we assessed if non‐invasive stool tests can be used to verify successful H. pylori eradication and determine clarithromycin resistance.Materials and methodsIn this prospective study, patients undergoing urea breath testing (UBT) for confirmation of H. pylori eradication were asked to collect the stool as both a dry fecal sample and fecal immunochemical test (FIT). Stool H. pylori antigen testing (SAT) was performed on these samples and assessed for its accuracy in eradication verification. Type and duration of antibiotic treatment were retrospectively collected from patient records and compared with clarithromycin resistance determined by PCR of stool samples.ResultsH. pylori eradication information was available for a total of 145 patients (42.7% male, median age: 51.2). Successful eradication was achieved in 68.1% of patients. SAT on FIT samples had similar accuracy for eradication assessment compared to dry fecal samples, 72.1% [95% CI 61.4–81.2] versus 72.2% [95% CI 60.9–81.7]. Clarithromycin resistance rate was 13.4%.ConclusionH. pylori antigen testing on FIT stool samples to verify H. pylori eradication is feasible and has similar accuracy as H. pylori antigen testing on dry stool samples. Dry stool, but not FIT, was suitable for non‐invasive identification of H. pylori clarithromycin resistance by rt‐PCR personalizing antibiotic treatment strategies without the need for invasive diagnostics is desirable, as the cure rate of first‐line empirical H. pylori treatment remains low.
Insights into tension‐mediated and antecedent water effects on soil water isotopic composition
Authors: Deseano Diaz Paulina , Nong Thai , Brüggemann Nicolas , Dubbert Maren , Javaux Mathieu , Orlowski Natalie , Vereecken Harry , Rothfuss Youri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUsing isotopic spike experiments, we investigated the existence and magnitude of soil‐mediated isotopic effects and of the interaction between isotopically distinct soil water pools, both associated in isotopic mismatches between water extracted from soil and soil water taken up by the roots. For this, we applied and compared four established techniques commonly used for the extraction of water (vapor) from soil, three of them relying on destructive soil sampling (cryogenic vacuum distillation, centrifugation, and direct water vapor equilibration), and one being a nondestructive in situ online technique. We observed an almost complete mixing of sequentially added, isotopically distinct water samples to a pure quartz sand (memory effect). The isotopic composition of water held at high soil tension in the pure quartz sand (pF = 2) as well as in a sandy soil (pF = 1.8 and 3) deviated considerably from that of the added water (tension effect). However, we could attribute this deviation not exclusively to a soil‐mediated effect but also to methodological shortcomings during our experiments. Finally, we found the following decreasing trend in precision as well as in accuracy of the used water extraction methods: in situ online > centrifugation > direct water vapor equilibration > cryogenic vacuum distillation. The investigation of isotopic fractionation of soil water due to physicochemical processes in soil can be facilitated if the experimental techniques used do not involve isotopic fractionation. In addition, methodological uncertainties and inaccuracies can be minimized by method standardization, increasing the potential of water stable isotopic monitoring in ecohydrological studies.
Subcontracting Safety (Cases)
Authors: Le Coze Jean-Christophe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompanies operating high-hazard installations in the process industry call upon consultants to provide safety-related expertise. They do so voluntarily but also in specific regulatory contexts which require operating companies to assess risks and establish a safety case, a structured evidence-based demonstration that the facility will not generate unacceptable risks for society. Consulting companies have different strategies and compete to gain access to contracts, which are selected according to criteria such as costs, technical propositions, trust or reputation. This creates a specific market. National regulators play a key role in setting the level of expectation regarding safety cases, by among other things, requiring the use of a third-party expert. These preliminary outcomes show the importance of situating and understanding the contribution of these private actors in process safety regulation and governance as another facet of subcontracting in relation to safety.
Complementarity: Ensuring that Contracts Are Compatible with Collaborative Relationships
Authors: Pinnington Bruce 
Published: October 2023

AbstractContracts, with their focus on safeguarding a firm’s interests, traditionally, have been considered to be incompatible with collaborative relationships. This chapter explains the basis for this incompatibility and considers how it may be resolved. The key to ensuring that contracts complement collaboration is in the way the coordination function of contracts is aligned with mutuality and consequent trust development. Even dysfunctional relationships may then be repaired.
Boundaries: Their Influence on Managing Safety in Outsourcing
Authors: Pilbeam Colin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBoundaries are an essential feature of an organization and integral to the on-going process of organizing. Outsourcing not only disrupts the configuration of organizational boundaries but also compounds the safety management challenges faced by an organization. This chapter connects these two observations through an examination of the composite nature of the organizational boundary. Misalignment between organizations in one or more of the three clusters of processes (physical, mental or social) that comprise the boundary create differences which may contribute to the safety management challenges commonly experienced in outsourcing. Boundary spanning skills that manage these processes are vital for successful working relationships between organizations but are rarely taught in safety training.