bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenocystitis with concomitant Crohn's disease leading to an outbreak of Crohn's disease with ulcerated external iliac vessels
Authors: Ronghua Wu , Ji Zheng , Gang Liu , Yun Zhang , Xubiao Nie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We report a case of a young 36-year-old female patient who presented to our hospital with a diagnosis of adenocystitis presenting as a vesicovaginal fistula after cystoscopic biopsy at a local hospital because of ineffective anti-inflammatory urinary frequency and urgency and pain. The patient underwent laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair after cystoscopy confirmed a vesicovaginal fistula and postoperatively developed a Crohn's disease outbreak with multiple small bowel fistulas and erosion of the external iliac vessels that ruptured to form an external iliac vessel small bowel fistula. The case was confirmed by surgical exploration, and the patient eventually died.
Global patterns of nitrogen saturation in forests
Authors: He Nianpeng , Cen Xiaoyu , Sundert Kevin Van , Terrer César , Yu Kailiang , Li Mingxu , Xu Li , He Liyin , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, accelerated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition by human activities have increased N availability in forest ecosystems close to human settlements, potentially causing many nitrogen-limited forests to become nitrogen-saturated, with significant effects on productivity, biodiversity, and biogeochemical cycles. Four decades after recognizing the N saturation problem, however, global patterns of N saturation in forests still remain uncertain. In N-saturated forests, oversupply of N leads to higher N losses including those in form of N2O as compared to N-limited forests, suggesting that the sensitivity of soil N2O emission to N deposition (sN) might be used as an indicator of N saturation. In this study, we modeled the sN of global forests using data from N addition experiments. Testing with field observations on N saturation status, the global patterns of N-limited and N-saturated forests indicated by sN show an accuracy above 70% on global and geographic-regional scales. Our results suggest that 43% of global forests are N-saturated, and the proportions of forests being N-saturated are particularly high in East Asia and Western Europe (over 60%). The produced global map of N-saturated forests sheds light on the spatially varying N availability in forests, which founds a basis for predicting the influence of changing N deposition on forest greenhouse gas emissions and productivity, facilitating optimized environmental management practices for different regions.
Deriving an efficient and stable microenvironment for a CO2 MEA electrolyzer by reverse osmosis
Authors: Oh Hyung-Suk , Park Jaeyong , Kim Eung-Dab , Kim Sangkuk , Lim Chulwan , Kim Hyunchul , Ko Young-Jin , Choi Jae-Young , Lee Woong Hee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer based on a cation exchange membrane, achieving an efficient and stable CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is challenging because the transport of protons, cations, and electroosmotic water from the anode changes the balance of ions. Herein, we derived a microenvironment for stable and efficient CO2RR performance using two strategies. First, mixture of carbon and anion- exchange ionomer buffer layers is used to hold cations while managing water in local alkaline media. The second strategy involves pressurizing only the cathode side, resulting in a high local CO2 concentration and enhanced the reverse osmosis phenomenon. The synergistic effects of these two strategies create an efficient microenvironment by managing water and cations, leading to stable and efficient CO2RR operation. Our approach to utilize reverse osmosis to balance cations and water is viable for industrial applications because pressurized CO2 and MEA systems are efficient processes that can be commercialized.
Efficacy of Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Plus Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB-WBRT) for brain metastases
Authors: BI Qian , LIAN Xin , SHEN Jing , ZHANG Fuquan , Xu Tao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of SIB-WBRT in patients with brain metastases and analyze the impact of some factors on prognosis.
Methods: This single-arm retrospective study analyzed patients with brain metastases treated with received SIB-WBRT (40 Gy/20 doses of whole brain tissue and tumor tissue pushed to 56-60 Gy/20 doses) at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2015 to December 2021. The primary endpoint was intracranial progression free survival (iPFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), intracranial new foci, and tumor control. The Kaplan-Meier method was then used to depict and estimate iPFS, OS, intracranial new incidence, and tumor control. Finally, the Cox model was used to analyze the association between some relevant factors and outcomes.
Results: A total of 107 patients were included and the median iPFS in these patients treated with SIB-WBRT was 13.4 (95% CI: 4.2-22.6) months, with 66.3% (95% CI: 56.0%-77.0%) and 48.5% (95% CI: 36.0%-61.0%) iPFS at 6- and 12-months. The median local control was 37.6 (95% CI: 28.3-46.8) months, with local control rates of 83.9% (95% CI: 80.0%-88.0%) and 72.6% (95% CI: 67.0%-78.0%) at 6- and 12-months. The median time to appearance of new intracranial foci was 17.4 (95% CI: 17.1-20.8) months, and the 6- and 12-month control rates were 72.6% (95% CI: 62.0%-83.0%) and 58.8% (95% CI: 46.0%-72.0%). The number of brain metastases in patients before treatment was significantly associated with iPFS (HR=0.4, 95% CI: 0.1-0.9, P=0.0430).
Conclusions: The iPFS, local control, and intracranial new foci of patients with brain metastases after treatment with SIB-WBRT were acceptable. In addition, the number of brain metastases in patients before treatment may be associated with iPFS.
Survival and causes of death in infants admitted in NICU in Iran (a retrospective cohort study 2016-2022)
Authors: Dalili Hosein , Shariat Mamak , Sahebi Leyla 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: Neonatal mortality remains a global public concern. The aims of the study were the evaluation of survival in all admitted infants in the NICU, as well as overall and periodic predictors of neonatal mortality from 2016 to 2022.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among a total of 7255 neonates who were admitted to the NICU in Valiasr Hospital (in the capital of Iran).
Result: Mortality in preterm neonates was 9.1%, this percentage was 6.6% in all neonates. Mortality proportion had been declining from the majority of medical morbidities from 2016 to 2022. The most visible decline was observed for respiratory disorders, prematurity, and sepsis. In the adjusted Cox regression, gestational age, birth weight, one and fifth-minute APGAR scores, congenital defects (HR=2.02), sepsis (HR=1.63) respiratory disorders (HR=1.40), intervention treatments, and antibiotic administration history were continued as predictor variable of death.
Conclusion: Although the probability of survival seems to be increasing over the past years in Iran, it is far away from the target for 2030. The most common causes of neonatal mortality were congenital defects, sepsis, and respiratory disorders.
Prediction model based on MRI morphological features for distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules
Authors: Zheng Tingting , Wang Lanyun , Wang Hao , Tang Lang , Xie Xiaoli , Fu Qingyin , Wu Pu-Yeh , Song Bin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The low specificity of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) for preoperative benign-malignant diagnosis leads to a large number of unnecessary biopsies. This study developed and validated a predictive model based on MRI morphological features to improve the specificity.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 825 thyroid nodules pathologically confirmed postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to obtain β coefficients, construct predictive models and nomogram incorporating MRI morphological features in the training cohort, and validated in a validation cohort. The discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis of the nomogram were performed. The diagnosis efficacy, area under the curve (AUC) and net reclassification index (NRI) were calculated and compared with TI-RADS.
Results
572 thyroid nodules were included (training cohort: n = 397, validation cohort: n = 175). Age, low signal intensity on T2WI, restricted diffusion, reversed halo sign in delay phase, cystic degeneration and wash-out pattern independent predictors of malignancy. The nomogram demonstrated good discrimination and calibration both in the training cohort (AUC = 0.972) and the validation cohort (AUC = 0.968). The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and AUC of MRI-based prediction are 94.4%, 96.0%, 93.4%, 89.9%, 96.5% and 0.947, respectively. The MRI-based prediction model exhibited enhanced accuracy (NRI > 0) in comparison to TI-RADSs.
Conclusions
The prediction model for diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules demonstrates a more notable diagnostic efficacy than TI-RADS. Compared with the TI-RADSs, predictive models have better specificity along with a high sensitivity and can reduce overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies.
Long-term effects of weed control on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community and grain yield in a rice-rotated wheat cropping system
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu Jian , Shen Junming , Xue Yaguang , Wei Yafeng , Zhang Zichang , El-Keblawy Ali , Sheteiwy Mohamed S. , Fakhry Amal M. , Yang Haishui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rational weed control in arable land is a key contributor to food security and sustainable agricultural development. However, little is known about how weed control practices affect the root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), especially in rice-wheat cropping systems. Here, the effects of different weed control measures on AMF community structure, wheat yield and soil properties were determined based on a long-term weed control experiment established since 2001 in a rice-wheat annual double cropping system. The weed control treatments include: (ⅰ) control (CK): No weeding; (ⅱ) manual weeding + herbicide application (MH); (ⅲ) Hindering seeds dispersed from water + herbicide application (WaH); (ⅳ): Hindering seeds dispersed from water + manual weeding (WaM); (ⅴ) Hindering seeds dispersed from water + manual weeding + herbicide application (WaMH). Results demonstrated that weed control markedly affected soil properties, shifted AMF community structure (diversity and composition), and notably increased wheat yield by 52.6%-62.2% compared with CK. The values of Pielou evenness index, Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson’s index were significantly lower under MH compared with CK. The Mantel test analysis indicated that AMF diversity was dominantly controlled by both total nitrogen and soil organic carbon. Similarly, AMF composition was markedly affected by soil water content, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and microbial biomass nitrogen. Mantel test also revealed that wheat yield was significantly correlated to AMF composition and Pearson correlation analysis also showed that some key indicator taxa were significantly correlated with wheat yield, suggesting that the composition of AMF community might play an important role in wheat yield formation. In addition, redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that soil properties and wheat yield were closely related to AMF community characteristics. Taken together, our findings suggest that weed control can mediate the relationships among soil quality, AMF community and wheat yield, providing valuable guidance for integrated weed management in the Yangtze River basin regions in China.
Comparison of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy for treating far lateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation
Authors: Wang Ling-hao , lu Gong-biao , Zhang Cun-xin , Lv Chao-liang , Li Kang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We compared the differences between percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PTELD) and unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) as well as the differences between PTELD and UBE for treating L4/5 or L5/S1 far lateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 32 patients with far lateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation at the L4/5 or L5/S1 herniation level. The patients were divided into the PTELD (n = 17) and UBE (n = 15) groups, all of whom had lower limb numbness and back and leg pain of varying degrees before surgery. Operation time and blood loss were recorded and analyzed statistically. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and MacNab standard were used to analyze the clinical outcomes of the two groups.
Results
The VAS and ODI scores of both groups showed marked postoperative improvement, and the clinical outcomes were comparable according to the MacNab standard. However, the VAS score of back pain 1 day after surgery in the PTELD group was significantly lower than that in the UBE group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the operation time of the PTELD group was significantly shorter than that of the UBE group (P < 0.05). Moreover, blood loss in the PTELD group was significantly less than that in the UBE group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
PTELD is a good choice for far lateral lumbar intervertebral disc herniation because it has the advantage of shorter operation time, less blood loss, and milder postoperative short-term back pain compared to UBE.
Enhancing Residue Valorization Through Microbial Adaptation: A Path to Sustainable Biogas Production from Pig Manure and Corn Residues
Authors: Galvan Maria Jose 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This research is dedicated to redefining residue valorization by maximizing biogas production potential from stabilized pig manure while promoting sustainability. This underscores the significance of microbial adaptation in expediting biogas production and waste valorization. Utilizing pig manure from stabilization ponds as a renewable substrate, this study reveals how microbial adaptation processes not only augment biogas yields, but also contribute to minimizing waste and generating clean energy. By coupling this approach with corn residue as an additional substrate, we created a synergistic model for waste valorization while reducing the environmental footprint of pig farming.
People Living with Chronic Pain in Canada Face Difficult Decisions and Decisional Conflict Concerning Their Care: Data from the National DECIDE-PAIN Survey
Authors: Naye Florian , Légaré France , Cachinho Chloé , Gérard Thomas , Toupin-April Karine , Sasseville Maxime , Paquette Jean-Sébastien , LeBlanc Annie , Gaboury Isabelle , Poitras Marie-Ève , Li Linda C. , Hoens Alison M. , Poirier Marie-Dominique , Tousignant-Laflamme Yannick , Décary Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background.
Shared decision-making is an imperative in chronic pain care. However, we know little about the decision-making process, especially in primary care where most chronic pain care is provided. We sought to understand decisional needs of people living with chronic pain in Canada.
Methods.
Informed by the Checklist for Reporting Of Survey Studies, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional online survey of random samples of adults living in Canada with chronic noncancer pain and registered with the Leger Marketing panel. We used a stratified proportional random sampling based on the population and chronic pain prevalence of each province to achieve representativeness. Based on the Ottawa Decision Support Framework, we collected data on difficult decisions faced when interacting with health care providers, the level of decisional conflict associated with the most difficult decisions (i.e., Decisional Conflict Scale), the assumed and preferred role during the decision-making process (i.e., Control Preferences Scale), and respondents’ characteristics. We used descriptive quantitative analyses of survey responses.
Results.
Of the 31,545 invited panellists, 2,666 met the eligibility criteria, and 1,649 respondents from the 10 Canadian provinces completed the survey. Respondents had diverse socio-demographic profiles. Mean age was 51.84 years (SD = 16.33). Half were man (51.36%), most lived in urban areas (87.75%), pain duration ranged from 3 months to 59 years and respondents reported an average number of painful body regions of 2.30 (SD = 1.52). We observed that 96.73% of respondents faced at least one difficult decision across their care pathways. These difficult decisions were related to numerous issues from the medical consultation, diagnosis, treatment, and daily life. Almost half of respondents made their most difficult decision with a primary care physician. One third of respondents experienced a high level of clinically significant decisional conflict (Decisional Conflict Scale score ≥ 37.5). Two-thirds of respondents self-reported having a collaborative role during their decision while three-quarters wanted this role.
Conclusions.
People living with chronic pain in Canada have unmet decisional needs and need support to make optimal decisions to manage their chronic pain. Our findings will guide future development of interventions to implement shared decision-making, especially to support primary care where discussions about difficult decisions often occur.
Cardioprotective effects of S-equol and role of the PI3K/Akt pathway in the isolated ischemic rat heart
Authors: Yamada Mariko , Nakadate Yosuke , Omiya Keisuke , Oguchi Takeshi , Abe Masako , Matsukawa Takashi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the cardioprotective effects of S-equol on stunned myocardium in an isolated rat heart model. Additionally, we examined the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.l
Methods
Rat hearts were perfused using the Langendorff system and assigned to receive 1) modified Krebs–Henseleit (KH) buffer containing 1 µmol/L S-equol (EQ), 2) KH buffer (Cont), 3) KH buffer supplemented with 1 µmol/L S-equol and 100 nmol/L wortmannin (a specific PI3K inhibitor) (EQW), or 4) KH buffer containing wortmannin (ContW). After stabilization, each group was perfused for 20 min prior to no-flow ischemia for 7.5 min, followed by reperfusion for 20 min. The primary outcome was the maximum left ventricular derivative of pressure development (LV dP/dt max) after 20 min of reperfusion. Myocardial Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) were assayed using western blotting.
Results
The LV dP/dt max in the EQ group was greater than that in the Cont group after 15 and 20 min of reperfusion; however, this effect was attenuated in the presence of PI3K inhibitors. S-equol treatment increased Akt and suppressed GSK-3β in the EQ group compared to the Cont group. However, these effects were not observed in the presence of wortmannin.
Conclusion
S-equol exerted a protective effect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, possibly by activating PI3K/Akt signaling.
Geospatial Analysis of COVID-19 Death Rate and Influencing Factors in the MENA Region
Authors: Aboalyem Mustafa Shebani , Ismail Mohd Tahir 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with over twenty-eight million cases and 800,000 deaths reported as of August 2023. Spatial analysis can help identify factors associated with the high death toll and develop targeted interventions to reduce the virus's spread and improve health outcomes. The study uses GIS-based analysis and geostatistical models to analyze the COVID-19 death rate in MENA countries. It identifies demographic, medical, and socioeconomic factors as key factors. The research suggests that hospital bed allocation, unemployment rate, and overall immunizations could be key factors influencing the death rate. The study also highlights the fragility of healthcare infrastructure in developing nations, with poor allocation and insufficient support for vulnerable groups. The findings suggest a positive correlation between death rate, hospital bed allocation, unemployment rate, and vaccination doses, highlighting the importance of social isolation measures. The estimated OLS model, which considers variables like hospital beds, unemployment rate, and total vaccine doses, was found to explain 73.46% of COVID-19 death cases across the Middle East and Africa (MENA). However, the model's spatial autocorrelation was found, requiring the development of spatial lag regression (SLM) and spatial error regression (SEM) models. The GWR and multiscale-GWR models showed higher R2 and lower AIC than global models, with the GWR model showing a clear pattern of impact in the northwestern area and the MGWR model showing a moderate impact in the northwestern area. Understanding COVID-19 death incidence is crucial for controlling transmission. This work could be valuable in future studies.
Analyzing tourism reviews using Deep Learning and AI to predict sentiments.
Authors: MARIGLIANO PIERGIORGIO 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Today, it seems natural to discuss Artificial Intelligence or, if you prefer, Machine Learning. Many observers of digital marketing and tourism trends in recent years have not missed an opportunity to emphasize how these technologies will become increasingly prevalent and pervasive in our digital age, especially in the travel and tourism sector. But what are machine learning and deep learning? They are branches of artificial intelligence that provide computers with the ability to ’learn without being explicitly programmed’. In essence, when properly trained, artificial intelligence can respond to novel situations based on reasoning and past experiences. This technology, particularly artificial intelligence in tourism, paves new pathways allowing the automation of tasks that were previously done manually. Even in the hospitality industry, it can be successfully deployed for guest assistance tasks, both before and during their stay. Having an assistant on the site communicating with the visitor in real-time without any delay is an effective way to convert them into a customer. Statistics are confirming a correlation between response time to inquiries and the site’s conversion rate. Moreover, during the stay, the use of chatbots has proven its worth. Having a continuously active assistant ready to respond is undoubtedly a boon for the establishment. It also includes activities where there’s a need to understand the guest’s requirements and make decisions, such as recommending services to the guest or preparing a quote. Fortunately, the future will not solely consist of chatbots and robots. A new era of tourism is on the horizon, where humans will spend less time on repetitive tasks and more time catering to and entertaining guests in ways that, for now, only we humans can. In this study, we utilized data from several hotel reviews. Each review represents a client’s assessment of a hotel. For each textual review, we aim to predict whether it corresponds to a positive review (the customer is satisfied) or a negative review (the customer is dissatisfied). The overall ratings of the reviews can range from 2.5/10 to 10/10. To simplify the issue, we’ll categorize them as follows: negative reviews have overall ratings of less than 5; positive reviews have ratings of 5 or higher. The challenge lies in predicting this information using only the raw textual data of the review.