bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Blue Molybdenum Reaction for the Determination of Phosphate in Natural Water and Detergent Samples
Authors: Ismail Vian S. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
The ideal reaction conditions for the quantitative detection of phosphate in various natural water and detergent samples were carefully researched in order to produce and preserve the colored complex product. The blue complex was identified using a simple and accurate UV-VIS spectrophotometer with a maximum wavelength of 870 nm.
Even though phosphate is an essential ingredient for the development of aquatic species, it is important to know exactly how much is present because an excess amount of phosphate can eutrophic water. Since detergents are one of the sources of phosphate in natural water, determining the concentration of phosphate in detergent samples is also essential.
Materials and Methods:
The method is based on the addition of sodium molybdate, which causes the interaction of orthophosphate with molybdate to produce an intense, stable, and water-soluble phosphomolybdate blue complex. Then, this combination is reduced using hydrazine hydrate in a sulfuric acid solution.
Results:
With a correlation coefficient of 0.9944, the system complies with Lambert-Beer's law at 870 nm in a concentration range of (0.05-9) ppm. Molar absorptivity was determined to be 12.16x103 L mol-1 cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity was found to be 0.0156 g cm-2. Water samples were collected from Warte, Choman, Jundeyan, and Bexal in Kurdistan's vicinity of Soran. Further, detergent samples that were obtained from the market and their phosphate level were examined. The Bexal waterfall had the lowest concentration of phosphate, 0.18 ppm, while the Warte and Jundeyan water samples had the highest concentrations, 3.31 ppm, and 3.04 ppm, respectively. Moreover, similar phosphate concentrations in the two detergent samples were discovered to be at 20.43 and 24.76 ppm.
Conclusion:
The molybdenum blue reaction has been successfully employed to provide a sensitive and quick measuring method to quantify the phosphate content in various water and detergent samples using UV-VIS spectrophotometry by applying the right reaction conditions and reagent quantities.
Comparative Analysis of Sinusoidal Oscillators with Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor in the Feedback Loop
Authors: Silva Henrique , Carlos Silvério Freire Raimundo , Fernandes de Araújo Jalberth , Correia Bezerra Sávio , Nathália Freitas Nunes Maria , Rube Maxence , Tamarin Ollivier 
Published: October 2023

Surface acoustic wave sensors can be implemented within the feedback loop of sinusoidal oscillators for detecting pollutants. This detection process involves analyzing the variation of oscillator output voltage parameters, such as amplitude and oscillation frequency. However, each oscillator topology has a distinct operating range concerning frequency and component values. Therefore, a comparative analysis is necessary to determine the oscillator with optimal performance to use with the sensor. To obtain results, a surface acoustic wave sensor model was chosen based on a piezoelectric crystal with a resonant frequency of 117.6 MHz, and three sinusoidal oscillator topologies were used: Pierce, Colpitts, and Clapp. The oscillators were simulated with the sensor model in the feedback loop using the Montecarlo method. The simulation occurred in two steps: individually varying each component by +/- 20% with 250 iterations, and simultaneously varying all components by +/- 20% with 1000 iterations. The variables analyzed in the simulations were amplitude, oscillation frequency, and a new parameter indicating the percentage of time there is an oscillation, termed "robustness." As a result, it was determined that all three oscillators generated oscillations in the output voltage, making them viable for use with the sensor. Furthermore, it was discovered that the Clapp oscillator had a robustness of 84.5%, while the Colpitts and Pierce oscillators had a robustness of 56.3% and 49.9%, respectively. Therefore, based on the results presented in this study, the Clapp oscillator is the optimal choice for use with the surface acoustic wave sensor.
Development of Student Worksheets with Creative Values Through Project-Based Learning Model on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Material
Authors: Hasibuan Molani Paulina , Sari Ratih Permana , Santi Santi , Lubis Nur Azizah 
Published: October 2023

Student worksheets give students the opportunity to participate in hands-on learning, discover strengths and learn from their mistakes. This research aims to produce student worksheets with creative values through the Project Based Learning model on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. This research is a development research, the method used in this research is the R&D (Research and Development) method with the ADDIE model modified into ADD, namely Analysis, Design and Development. The instrument in this research is a needs questionnaire, media and material expert feasibility questionnaire, teacher response questionnaire and student response questionnaire. The results showed that chemistry teachers need student worksheets with creative values through the Project Based Learning model on the material of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions. The feasibility of student worksheets was obtained at 77.08% with a feasible category, the practicality was in the very practical category with an average score of 89.50% and the attractiveness of student worksheets in the very attractive category with an average score of 89.97%. So it can be concluded that the developed creative value-loaded student worksheets is feasible to use in learning.
XVIII. Yüzyılda Yaşanan Depremler Sonrası Kandiye Kalesi’ndeki Onarımlar
Authors: CENGİZ Hasan Ali 
Published: October 2023

Akdeniz ile Ege’nin birleştiği noktada yer alan Girit Adası, Girit ve Rodos’un güneyinden Fethiye körfezine yönelen “Helen yayı” veya “Girit hendeği” olarak adlandırılan bir böl-gede yer almaktadır. Bundan dolayı Girit, tarih boyunca büyük depremlerin yıkımına uğramıştır.
XVIII. yüzyılda Girit’te yaşanan ilk büyük deprem, 1717 yılında olmuş ve adanın batı kesimlerinde birçok köy zarar görmüştür. 1738 yılında bütün adaları kapsayan bir deprem meydana gelmiştir. 1741 yılında Rodos Adası açıklarında meydana gelen deprem Girit Adası’nda da hasara yol açmıştır. Aralık 1769’da meydana gelen bir depremde ise Kandi-ye Kalesi’nin büyük bir bölümü zarar görmüştür. Bu yüzyılın son büyük depremi ise 1780 yılında meydana gelmiştir.
Adada yaşanan bu depremler sonrası ilk onarım 1722 yılında gerçekleşmiş olup kale bün-yesinde bulunan Sultan İbrahim Camii onarılmıştır. 1736 yılında kalenin su yollarında 1738 yılında da kalede onarımlar yapılmıştır. 1749 yılında kaledeki Sadrazam Hüseyin Paşa Konağında, 1760 yılında da kale ve kale bünyesindeki Sultan Mehmed Camii’nde onarımlar gerçekleşmiştir. Adada yaşanan 1769 yılındaki büyük deprem sonrasında da yine kalede onarımlar yapılmıştır.
Bu çalışma ile Arşiv vesikalarından yararlanılarak XVIII. yüzyılda yaşanan depremlerde Kandiye Kalesi surlarında ve kale bünyesindeki diğer yapılarda oluşan hasarları gidermek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen söz konusu onarımlara yer verilecektir. Aynı zamanda söz konu-su onarımların mahiyeti ve onarımlar sırasında yaşanan sorunlar da ortaya konulacaktır.
Exploring Chinese bilingual teachers’ language ideologies: a Bernstein’s recontextualization perspective
Authors:   School of Western Studies, Heilongjiang University, Tianhua Wang , Ying Wang ,   School of Western Studies, Heilongjiang University
Published: October 2023

This study explores the language ideologies of Chinese Bilingual Teachers (CBTs) in educational contexts, conceptualizing language ideology as a representation of beliefs about educational practices that result from the interactive construction of teachers’ discourse and language scheme during the recontextualization of language policy. The authors conduct a qualitative approach, analyzing reflective narratives from 12 participants in China to examine their adherence to three types of distinct language ideologies: Standardization Centripetality (SCP) versus Standardization Centrifugality (SCF), Meritocracy Centripetality (MCP) versus Meritocracy Centrifugality (MCF), as well as Employment-incentive Centripetality (EICP) versus Employment-incentive Centrifugality (EICF). The findings across these six dimensions underscore the nuanced and multifaceted nature of CBTs’ language ideologies, indicating that the presence of multiple language ideologies can be accommodated within the educational system. The contribution of this study is to facilitate the professional growth of CBTs by assisting them in addressing the discrepancies between the ideologies they strive to maintain and implement, and the ideologies they literally carry out in their own teaching practice.
Validation of adult age-of-acquisition ratings for large corpus of Russian words
Authors:   Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sugonyaev Konstantin V. , Grigoriev Nikolay A. 
Published: October 2023

Given the difficulty to establish an objective measure of age of acquisition (AoA), this study focuses on the subjective measures of this parameter, i.e., adult ratings, or judgment of word learning age. The question under study is the validity of subjective adult estimates of AoA as a standard norming tool for this characteristic in Russia. AoA estimates were gathered for 7,500 words by presentation to eight hundred participants. The latter were given 25 lists of words with the instruction to specify supposed age of their acquisition. A total of 179,100 estimates collected from 597 participants were included in the analysis (from 20 to 30 protocols on each list). The middle age of the participants was 20.50±3.84 years, with 96% of them being at the age of 17–25 years old. Objective estimates were received through the examination of school children from the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th grade by means of the dictionary-type tests. The words for each test were selected so that their subjective AoAs were nearest to the actual age of students. Total number of generated tasks amounted to 720. The subset of test items for each grade was divided into two subtests equated on complexity. The subtest length varied from 80 (for the 2nd grade) to 150 (the 6th and 8th grades) tasks. Reliability of subtest scores varied in a range of 0.85–0.95. The comparison of subjective and objective estimates was carried out in several ways, first of all, by calculating the correlation coefficients between subjective AoA of test words and accuracy of their identification. After appropriate correction on direct range restriction of subjective AoA variation, corrected correlations in a range of 0.6–0.9 (0.79 on average) were received. This figure (along with the additional data) allows to draw a conclusion on a reasonable validity of subjective estimates of AoA as a norming tool for this characteristic. The article outlines the prospects for further research of factors influencing accuracy of adult estimates of word learning age in Russia.
THE EFFECT OF GIVING CARROT JUICE ON DECREASING DEGREES OF DYMENORROA IN ADOLESCENT WOMENINSMP ISLAM AMANAH UMMAH MOJOLABAN
Authors: Lis Della Anggraini Saputri  , Enny Yuliaswati  
Published: October 2023

background : During menstruation, most women experience pain in the lower abdomen, which is known as dysmenorrhea. One way to reduce dysmenorrhea is by consuming carrot juice. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of carrot juice to reduce the degree of dysmenorrhea in young women
Method :This type of research is pre-experiment with one group pre-test post-test design.
Results :Before being given the intervention, the majority of respondents experienced moderate pain, then after being given the intervention, the majority of respondents experienced a decrease in pain in mild pain
Analysis :The results of the analysis are knownSig.(2-tailed) value of 0.000 <(0.05) which means that there is an effect of giving carrot juice to reduce the degree of dysmenorrhea in young women.
Conclusion:There is an effect of giving carrot juice to a decrease in the degree of dysmenorrhea in young women
Dynamics of cognitive and neurophysiological functions of a person in the simulation of weightlessness in terrestrial conditions
Authors: Polyanichenko Aleksei A. , Schastlivtseva Daria V. , Kotrovskaya Tatiana I. , Golubev Viktor G. , Smolyakov Daniil G. 
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The authors have conducted a study of the influence of the conditions of 21-day antiorthostatic hypokinesia (AOSH) on the dynamics of neurophysiological reactions and cognitive functions of a person on the basis of Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS, with the participation of six healthy male volunteers aged 24 to 40 years (30.7±5.4) who were in bed with hypokinesia in an antiorthostatic position with an angle of inclination –6° relative to the horizon.
The study aims to determine the dynamics of neurophysiological reactions and cognitive functions of a person during a 21–day AOSH (–6°).
Materials and methods. The researchers analyzed the dynamics of cognitive functions based on the results of performing complex dynamic tasks with elements of uncertainty from the CleverBalls software test block. The authors determined the dynamics of neurophysiological reactions by the relative dynamics index (RDI) of the relative power value (RPV) of all the studied ranges of the EEG spectrum. The experts carried out measurements of all indicators before the start of the study (Background), on the 3rd (1st session), 10th (2nd session), 17th (3rd session) and 21st (4th session) days, as well as 3 days after the end of the experiment — aftereffect (After).
Results. Scientists have found an increase in inhibitory processes in the brain as a result of solving complex dynamic tasks with elements of uncertainty in the acute period (3 days) and in the aftereffect. After the acute period and before the end of the experiment, they observed the restoration of brain functions to the background level. An increase in the performance of complex dynamic tasks with elements of uncertainty (according to the indicators "Percentage of correct choice" and "Average harmonic click time") was observed from ten days to the aftereffect inclusive, which indicated, at least, the absence of a decrease in cognitive functions during the 21-day AOSH.
Conclusion. At the end of the experiment, the authors noted a less pronounced increase in Delta and Theta activity than in the acute period, with a simultaneous decrease in Alpha and Beta activity, but at the same time, they did not observe a decrease in the success of cognitive tests.
Ethics. The program of the experiment was approved at the section of the Scientific Council and approved by the Commission on Biomedical Ethics at the Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS (Protocol No. 599 of 06.10.2021).
Perbedaan pengaruh Short Foot Exercise dan Towel Curl Exercise terhadap keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja Flat foot
Authors: Nurhayati Ummy Aâ€™isyah , Khotimah Siti , Ratnawati Puji 
Published: October 2023

Masa Remaja memiliki besar keinginan untuk melakukan aktifitas fisik yang berkembang pesat. Keseimbangan sangat berperan penting bagi remaja dalam melakukan aktifitas fisik dan geraknya di kehidupan sehari-hari terutama keseimbangan dinamisnya. Salah satu kondisi pada remaja yang berhubungan dengan masalah keseimbangan dinamis yaitu flat foot. Penderita flat foot posisi lengkungan telapak kaki menurun atau hilang yang akan mempengaruhi keseimbangan dinamis pada penderitanya. Sehingga Short foot exercise Â dan Towel Curl Exercise akan membantu mengaktifkan otot â€“otot instrinsik pada telapak kaki dan meningkatkan arkus medial longitudinal serta keseimbangan dinamisnya juga akan meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh short foot exercise dan Towel Curl Exercise terhadap keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja flat foot. Metodelogi: Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperiment, dengan desain penelitian pre test and post test two group design. Sampel diambil dengan metode simple random sampling sebanyak 32 remaja flat foot. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan foot print test, chippaux smirax index, dan y balance test. Hasil analisis data menggunakan program SPSS Statistics Versi 24. Uji pengaruh menggunakan paired sample t-test, uji beda menggunakan independent sample t-test.Â Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pengaruh short foot exercise dan Towel Curl Exercise terhadap keseimbangan dinamis pada remaja flat foot. Diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar profesi fisoterapi dalam pembuatan pedoman menyusun SOP (Standar Operasional Prosedur) pada remaja flat foot.Â
Studi narrative review analisis faktor risiko pada Carpal Tunnel Syndrom
Authors: Widanti Lanenta Adira , Laksmita Devinta Y 
Published: October 2023

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome merupakan salah satu Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) yang dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, Â yakni faktor internal meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, IMT, riwayat penyakit dan faktor eksternal meliputi masa kerja, postur kerja, gerakan berulang serta vibrasi (getaran). Dilakukan upaya pencegahan agar tidak terkena CTS dengan cara mempertahankan postur tubuh yang baik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui analisis faktor risiko pada Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Metode: Menggunakan metode narrative review, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan sepuluh artikel penelitian lalu dilakukan review. Hasil: Hasil review dari 10 artikel menyatakan bahwa ada faktor risiko Carpal Tunnel Syndrome berdasarkan faktor internal meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, IMT, hipotiroid, diabetes mellitus, dan berdasarkan faktor eksternal meliputi postur kerja, gerakan berulang, dan vibrasi. Kesimpulan: Ada faktor risiko pada Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Saran: Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berguna bagi penelitian selanjutnya dan dilakukan secara eksperimental.Â
Hubungan Antara Q Angle Knee Dengan Kinerja Otot Quadriceps Saat Bejalan Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Nasirudin Yusuf , Achwan Achwan 
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang: Ada lebih dari 100.000 kunjungan perawatan primer sehari di Inggris (UK) untuk gangguan nyeri muskuloskeletal (MSK). Nyeri lutut adalah kondisi paling umum kedua, dengan nyeri patellofemoral (PFP) dianggap sebagai salah satu bentuk nyeri lutut yang paling umum Q Angle memiliki pengaruh penting dalam mengevaluasi sendi lutut dan keadaan mekanik sendi lutut pada mahasiswa dalam menjalankan aktifitasnya, Q Angle Â merupakan indikator keselarasan gerak yang normal pada ekstremitas bawah serta fungsi biomekanik pada lutut terutama saat berjalan, secara bersamaan memberikan data penting tentang kemampuan kinerja otot Â ekstremitas bawah yaitu otot quadriceps. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Q Angle knee dengan kinerja otot quadriceps saat bejalan pada mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi merupakan Mahasiswa di lingkungan Poltekees Kemenkes Jakarta III. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode random sampling. Penelitian ini tentang korelasiÂ kondisi derajat Q Angle dengan kinerja otot saat berjalan. Dalam penelitian ini, pengukuran Q AngleÂ dilakukan dengan goniometer, dan Surface Electromyograpy sebagai alat ukut kinerja otot. Hasil: penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi hubungan antara sudut Q Angle dan kinerja otot saat berjalan.
Knowledge Management Strategies and Green Innovation Practices: Empirical Evidence from the Malaysian Public Sector
Authors: Abdul Rahim Ramita , Azman Ong Mohd Hanafi , Abdul Wahab Liyana Nafisah , Anwar Nosheen 
Published: October 2023

This research study aimed to investigate the impact of knowledge management strategies, specifically knowledge creation, knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application, on green innovation practices. Knowledge management strategies encompass processes within organizations that involve the development and dissemination of knowledge to enhance business performance. Harnessing knowledge is crucial not only for competitiveness but also for fostering innovation in support of sustainability. Green innovation practices have garnered attention from scholars and policymakers due to their ability to address environmental concerns. Furthermore, organizations increasingly recognize the importance of green practices, prompting globally competitive entities to continuously enhance their competencies to mitigate environmental degradation and improve overall organizational performance. Therefore, this study identified knowledge management strategies as variables that can support green innovation practices. To conduct the study, a quantitative research approach was adopted, and data collection utilized a closed-ended questionnaire adapted from a prior study. The questionnaire was distributed among employees in the public sector within the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants, resulting in the successful collection and analysis of 256 data sets. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS software. The findings indicate that knowledge management strategies, encompassing knowledge creation, knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application, positively and significantly influence green innovation practices. Among these factors, knowledge sharing was found to have the most substantial impact on green innovation practices. These results confirm the importance of knowledge management practices for organizations seeking success in green innovation practices. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations support knowledge management activities to enhance the adoption of green innovation practices.
Symptomatic obstructive hydrocephalus caused by choroid plexus hyperplasia in a pediatric patient: illustrative case
Authors: Alvarez Ana Sofia , McGinnis John P , Patel Rajan , Weiner Howard L 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
Choroid plexus hyperplasia has been described as a rare cause of communicating hydrocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overproduction. However, this is the first report of symptomatic obstructive hydrocephalus caused by mechanical obstruction of the aqueduct by a hyperplastic choroid plexus.

OBSERVATIONS
A 4-year-old male presented with headaches and intermittent emesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed abnormal enlargement of the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricles with extension into the third ventricle, resulting in obstruction of the aqueduct of Sylvius, leading to obstructive hydrocephalus. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was chosen as the surgical treatment. During the procedure, high pressure flow of clear CSF was noted. Normal intraventricular anatomy was identified, and no cyst or tumor was found. The postoperative MRI showed a patent third ventriculostomy, without complication, and a significant decrease in supratentorial ventricular size. The patient was discharged 3 days after surgery with a complete resolution of symptoms.

LESSONS
Choroid plexus hyperplasia has the potential to cause obstructive hydrocephalus, and it can be effectively treated with ETV. Our hypothesis is that the change in pressure caused by the procedure may have led to an uncorking of the aqueduct by the hyperplastic choroid plexus, contributing to the observed improvement.