bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Convolutional Neural Networks for Detecting Oral Cancer-Induced Bone Invasion: A Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Arya Kala  
Published: January 2025

Introduction: For patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), determining whether the tumor has penetrated the bone is crucial for therapy planning and surgical procedures. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is preferred by radiologists due to its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting bone invasion.
Objectives In this study, we present a deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model, optimized using a genetic algorithm, to automatically detect bone invasion in OSCC cases.
Methods: First, CT-scan images were collected fro S. M.S. hospital, Jaipur and annotated by the hospital’s experts. Further, all the collected images were changed from Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format (DICOM) to Portable Network Graphics (PNG) format as DICOM is very bulky to handle. Finally, GA is used to hyper-tune CNN parameters to get a good CNN architecture. The proposed model is compared with standard models like VGG16, VGG19, ResNet-50, MobileNetV2, DenseNet-121, and ResNet-101.
Results: The proposed model achieved a classification accuracy of 95.6%, outperforming six state-of-the-art transfer learning models, including VGG16, VGG19, ResNet-50, MobileNetV2, DenseNet-121, and ResNet-101.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in improving bone invasion detection accuracy, providing a valuable tool for clinical decision-making.
Refining Power Dominator Coloring for Some Special Classes of Graphs
Authors: G. Navamani  
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the concept of power dominator equitable coloring in graphs, a variation of graph coloring that combines power dominator coloring with equitable coloring. A power dominator coloring of a graph is defined as a proper coloring where each vertex power dominates at least one color class, with the minimum number of colors required denoted by the power dominator chromatic number Equitable coloring, on the other hand, ensures that the size of any two color classes differs by at most one, represented by the equitable chromatic number Power dominator equitable coloring combines these properties, that every vertex of power dominates at least one color class while maintaining equitable distribution among color classes and the power dominator equitable chromatic number denoted as In this paper, we focus on determining for various special classes of graphs, providing deeper insights into their structural and equitable coloring characteristics. Our results enhance the understanding of power dominator equitable coloring and offer new perspectives for future research in combinatorial optimization and graph theory.
Time-Dependent Analysis of a Single-Server Queueing System with Disasters and Unreliable Repairs: A Probabilistic Approach to System Resilience
Authors: B. Janani  
Published: January 2025

A single server Markovian queueing paradigm is studied. The server is prone to disaster when delivering service or during idle periods. When the server encountered problems, all waiting customers will be flushed away and the repair procedure began immediately. Arrivals are allowed to join the queue during the repair time. The likelihood of restoring the server is p(p<1) after an exponential repair time. All waiting users leave the system if the server cannot be fixed. The time-dependent likelihood for a single server queue with disaster and an unreliable repairer is explicitly estimated for the first time. To demonstrate the significance of parameter values, performance measures and numerical figures were also supplied.
On Locally Ιnvo-Regular Ring
Authors: Yasmine Mohammed Ιsmael  
Published: January 2025

An associative ring with identity D claimed to be locally Invo- regular ( L.Ι.Reg.Rings) if , for any element ӻ in D , either ӻ or 1- ӻ is Invo-regular in D , that is ӻ = ӻ v ӻ or 1- ӻ = (1- ӻ) v (1- ӻ) for some involution element v in D , these rings due to Danchev [5] . In this article several instances, and properties of L.Ι.Reg.Rings are introduced and invest gules the behavior of these properties , as well as certain relation between L.Ι.Reg.Rings and other rings are discussed.
Exploring the Effect of Wall Characteristics on MHD Peristaltic Movement with Temperature Variation and Variable Viscosity of Jeffrey Fluid in a Flexible and Inclined Channel
Authors: Saif Razzaq Mohsin Al-Waily  
Published: January 2025

Peristaltic motion of a Jeffrey fluid of constant viscosity and varying temperature through a medium in an inclined flexible tube with a porous channel. In this paper, Jeffrey fluid transmission was analyzed as well as the radially variable MHD was studied. The problem is formulated under long wavelengths and low Reynolds number approximations. Parametric analysis was presented to study the effect of (Darcy number; channel inclination angle; capacitance ratio; elasticity of channel walls). The flow lines show that the mundaye moves at the same speed as the wave and increases it. The study also showed that increasing the number of mundaye reduces the temperature.
Enhanced Image Segmentation in Breast Cancer Classification Leveraging Deep learning
Authors: Talari Swapna  
Published: January 2025

In the recent years, the field of breast cancer research is using deep learning techniques to mitigate the problems of false positive and false negative cases caused by the breast cancer diagnosis done by the radiologist. Therefore, in this research we propose deep CNN (convolution neural networks) for classifying the mammogram image as cancerous or non-cancerous. However, it is observed that, merely using deep learning techniques also has some limitations such as, uncertainty in breast mass classification on the dense breast mammograms. Thus, in this research the images are preprocessed and segmented prior classification. In this research images are preprocessed using Rolling Ball algorithm for background removal and then compared CLAHE and Unsharp masking for improving image contrast and visibility of the images. The proposed work segmented MIAS preprocessed images using k-means algorithm. These enhanced images are provided to Deep CNN (Convolution Neural Networks) and its features extracted for classifying images as benign, malignant or normal. To improve the CNN's structure and lessen overfitting, dropout and zero-padding are employed. The proposed work is tested on mammography images from the databases of the Mammographic Image Analysis Society (mini-MIAS), Breast Cancer Digital Repository (BCDR). The proposed system has, Accuracy:0.89%, Precision: 0.91%, Recall: 0.90%, F1-score 0.88% and for the MIAS dataset, respectively.
Structures of Nano-Topologies Via Graphs in the Human Double Circulation System
Authors: K. Rekha  
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The key theme of present research work is to propose an initial left (resp. right) neighbourhood system for an ordering on nano-topological spaces. Based on these neighbourhoods, we explain how the connection between nano-topological spaces and digraph theory may be used in the study of human double circulation system.
Objectives: The“most current findings and medical application methods utilize graph theory to demonstrate certain complicated structures with advanced application trends. The basis of this work is the creation of a“nano-topological structures for the supremacy position of vertices of plain”digraphs. We use digraph for derive the nano-topologies in many scientific and medical models to ensure functionality.
Methods: To construct a directed graph for the human double circulation system. In addition we derive the nano-topologies by using initial left (resp. right) neighbourhoods for certain probable sub-graphs and also verified the comparison between these two types of neighbourhoods
Results: In this paper we have derived certain nano-topological properties by creating initial left (resp. right) neighbourhoods and also we have identified the union and intersection of initial neighbourhoods might help us to ensure the cause of lung and heart failure.
Conclusions: The findings of the digraph application approaches that we acquired are really helpful to ensure the functionality of double circulation system in the human body.
A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Segment Household Objects from an Image
Authors: Smita Gour  
Published: January 2025

In the field of computer image, Segmentation of colour image is being considered as one of the challenging problems. In order to effectively carry out tasks assigned by human operators, robots operating in domestic environments should be able to detect and distinguish the things utilized in the home. Segmentation enables robots to understand the context of the environment by identifying and categorizing objects. An Image Segmentation using Genetic algorithm is presented in this work. It is a natural evolutionary approach for optimization problems. In most of the colour image segmentation techniques the clustering is used at beginning to segregate colour images and then Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied just as an optimization tool. Here K-means Clustering technique along with genetic algorithm has been used to find optimal thresholds between the multiple objects and the complex background. For optimization a Genetic algorithm is applied on the clustering output in which segmentation is improved through different steps of GA. The experimental results shown that the combination of K-means and GA gave promising results with an accuracy of 90% on home object dataset. Also, a comparison is made between the suggested algorithm and the most widely used watershed segmentation algorithm and it is proved that our algorithm has given equivalent results on both standard and real time datasets.
Geometallurgy: Future Directions
Authors: Tusa Laura , Frenzel Max , Pereira Lucas , Thiele Sam , Tolosana-Delgado Raimon , Gutzmer Jens 
Published: January 2025

Editor’s note: The aim of the Geology and Mining series is to introduce early career professionals and students to various aspects of mineral exploration, development, and mining in order to share the experiences and insight of each author on the myriad of topics involved with the mineral industry and the ways in which geoscientists contribute to each.

Abstract
We outline the potential to adopt geometallurgical concepts during early mineral exploration, particularly during scoping studies, rather than later during feasibility studies or exploitation when costs are higher. The approach is rooted in the increasing capabilities of drill core scanning technologies. Continuous drill core scanning data can now be generated efficiently and at reasonable cost. Validating and calibrating these data with high-resolution quantitative imaging of a suite of localized test samples, e.g., from scanning electron microscopy-based image analysis, allow the mineralogy and microfabric of drill core to be quantified. This quantitative information can then be used for more accurate geologic domaining of a potential orebody. The resulting geologic domain model then provides the basis for sample selection and blending that is essential for representative beneficiation test work. These test results can then be combined with emerging particle-based process modeling techniques that are predictive and can be designed to help understand and tackle metallurgical challenges in unlocking a mineral resource. This will assist in defining geometallurgical domains, using both geologic and technological constraints. However, this ambition is currently limited by several knowledge gaps. Arguably the most crucial issue concerns the forecasting of comminution responses, including particle sizes and compositions, based on the measured mineralogy and microfabric of the ores. Other challenges relate to the resolution and speed of available core scanning technologies and the incorporation of physical constraints into particle-based beneficiation models. Once these issues have been resolved, we expect substantial improvements in the efficiency and predictive power of geometallurgy, which should enable its application during earlier stages of exploration, with greater reliability at each decision stage during a development.
Nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persatuan Islam
Authors: Fariz Rizki Fariz Rizki Ramdhani , Fathurahman Muhammad Iqbal , Suhada Arie Noviana , Nugraha Roni 
Published: January 2025

Olahraga adalah kegiatan yang meliputi aktivitas fisik atau menggunakan skill dan fisik yang komplek oleh seseorang yang telah dimotivasi oleh dukungan baik dari luar dan dalam diri. Banyak jenis pendidikan yang memperkuat jasmani melalui olahraga bela diri diantaranya yaitu bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persis. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persis, dan bagaimana implementasi nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persis. Tujuan dan kegunaan penelitiannya adalah Untuk menganalisis nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persis. Untuk menganalisis implementasi nilai-nilai Pendidikan Islam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persis. Metode penelitian yang peneliti gunakan adalah menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian yang bersifat kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk memahami suatu permasalahan yang sedang dialami oleh subjek peneliti. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang diperoleh selama penelitian berupa hasil catatan lapangan, observasi, dan wawancara. Lanah Shurulkhan Persatuan Islam berasaskan Islam dan berlandasan Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah, bersifat persaudaraan, edukatif dan da’wah, bertujuan membentuk manusia yang sehat, kuat, terampil dan berpikiran cerdas agar menjadi mujahid, mujtahid, dan mujaddid, berfungsi untuk menampung dan merealisasikan minat dan bakat serta keinginan para pegiat bela diri Islami. Implementasi nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam dalam bela diri Lanah Shurulkhan Persatuan Islam tercermin dalan sebelas butir janji perguruan dan menerapkan dalam setiap gerak langkah kehidupan baik dari segi nilai Aqidah, nilai Ibadah, dan nilai Akhlak.
Humberto’s paradox
Authors: van Berlo Davied 
Published: January 2025

Humberto’s paradox
Humberto is the name of a popular presentor on Dutch radio and television. In response to an item on a conflict between the Labour Inspectorate and the police authorities, he hesitantly posed the question whether the government should interfere. This is the paradox of citizens viewing the government sometimes as a single actor, whereas at other times they seem to acknowledge the fact that government consists of multiple actors. The use of co-creation and digital platforms could provide means that help todays government to mediate between the two extreme perceptions of government as a unitary actor and government as a conglomerate of actors operating in a networked society in which sometimes government organisations and sometimes other actors, including (groups) of citizens, in society take initiatives to promote and contribute to public values.
Vindplaatsen van stille ideologie – een essay
Authors: Putters Kim 
Published: January 2025

Revealing the hidden ideology in politics and society
Values like quality of life, efficiency of services, solidarity in finances and privacy of clients are being compromised continuously in daily practices, inspired by opinions and ideology of (groups of) individuals. Yet, systems like healthcare are dominated by technocratic procedures to enforce transparency and efficiency. This functional rationality pushes away the more fundamental debates on values. This doesn’t mean they are not being compromised, but it’s done in a hidden way. It’s the nurse taking decisions on the amount of time available for a patient. Although restricted by procedures nurses compromise differently. The same counts for healthcare executives in their boardrooms. Restricted by system requirements they take decisions differently, inspired by their convictions. It is all ‘hidden ideology’ in institutions, interactions and intuitions. Even the political arena is imprisoned by the self made technocratic way of debating and deciding on important societal issues. Political debates should be about the values behind procedures instead of technocratic in its essence. Critical checks and balances have to be reinstalled (or reanimated) in political decision making in order to do this and meet patients’ or citizens’ needs, instead of maintaining a procedural attitude that drives politics and ideology away from society.
‘Le problème religieux’ van Malraux, geïllustreerd aan de hand van Rushdie, Spinoza en Galileo
Authors: Cliteur Paul 
Published: January 2025

The religious problem of Malraux, illustrated with Rushdie, Spinoza, and Galileo
In this contribution three cases are discussed of thinkers who have come into conflict with the religious-fundamentalist ambition to control the freedom of thought and the freedom of expression of critical thinkers: Rushdie, Spinoza and Galileo. Salman Rushdie came into conflict with Islamic orthodoxy, Benedict Spinoza with Jewish orthodoxy and Galileo Galilei with Christian-Catholic orthodoxy. In addition to differences, interesting parallels can be drawn between these three situations. This article argues that it is good to study these parallels in order to learn something about how we should deal with religious fanaticism and upholding a culture of freedom, such as that in Article 18 (and 19 UDHR) as ideal.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM DI ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF BERDASARKAN KONVENSI PBB TAHUN 1982 TENTANG HUKUM LAUT DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1983 TENTANG ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF INDONESIA
Authors: Simanjuntak Mangisi 
Published: January 2025

Law enforcement in Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is carried out in order to secure and exercise sovereign rights to explore and exploit, manage and conserve biological and non-biological natural resources from the seabed and the land below and the water above it and other activities for the economic exploitation of the zone, such as power generation from water, currents and wind. Jurisdiction relating to the manufacture and use of artificial islands, installations and other buildings. Scientific research on marine affairs and the protection and preservation of the marine environment. Law enforcement in Indonesia's EEZ is often constrained by the lack of patrol vessels not proportional to the extent of Indonesia's EEZ. Compared with other ASEAN countries, Indonesia's EEZ area is ranked first, meaning that Indonesia has the largest EEZ, namely 1,577,300 square miles. The extent of Indonesia's EEZ certainly has juridical consequences for securing and enforcing the law (law enforcement).
CONSTRUCTAL LAW, BIOMIMICRY, AND TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION THROUGH THE LENS OF GENERATIVE AI
Authors: IGNUTA-CIUNCANU MATEI-CRISTIAN , TABOR PHILIP , MARTINEZ-BOTAS RICARDO F. 
Published: January 2025

Efficient heat management in the context of semiconductor miniaturization demands unconventional solutions to navigate constrained design spaces. The emergence of unsupervised learning as a versatile design companion capable of processing multi-disciplinary datasets presents promising avenues for streamlined bio-inspired solutions for fundamental conduction problems. As a case study, we tackle the pivotal area-to-point problem that led to the formulation of the Constructal Law.
This study proposes a novel methodology harnessing Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) to seamlessly integrate features from topology optimization, constructal theory, and biomimetic structures. We use DDPM as a digital non-equilibrium complex system to generate geometric patterns for conductive heat sink design. These patterns are sampled to address the original formulation of the area-to-point problem.
This study emphasizes the significance of morphological freedom in addressing multi-objective problems, reinforcing arguments first formulated within the constructal paradigm. Our framework facilitates low-cost sampling of intricate shapes capable of serving multiple temperature objectives by synthesizing principles from different fields. We show the emergence of dendritic structures to solve distribution problems in an unsupervised learning scenario, drawing a parallel between information and energy flows.
This research underscores the transformative potential of Generative AI in blending design features across disparate disciplines, a potent tool for developing conductive heat sink solutions beyond deterministic optimization approaches.
ENHANCING ENERGY ACCESS BY EARTH-AIR HEAT EXCHANGER FOR BUILDINGS’ THERMAL COMFORT BY THE CONSTRUCTAL DESIGN
Authors: SCHMID ALOÍSIO LEONI , ALVES ALEXANDRE BESSA MARTINS , DA ROSA ALEXANDRE RUIZ , ERRERA MARCELO RISSO , STANESCU GEORGE 
Published: January 2025

Harnessing soil low-depth thermal energy to support mechanical systems for buildings’ thermal comfort has been considered one pathway for reducing the buildings’ energy demand (avoid) and adding renewable energy to buildings. The literature addressed those issues in many ways. However, this work introduces two key novelties: (1) the optimization of the duct’s configuration and (2) a strategy for the optimal use of the duct assembly to attend to the time-variable energy demand throughout the year. Both are based on the minimization of entropy generation. The irreversibility mechanisms relate to heat transfer and fluid flow in the EAHE and the coupled building-environment-soil-EAHE thermodynamic system.
This approach was carried out by numerically solving the mathematical model (3-D, transient, heat-conduction finite volume with an upwind scheme and heat convection inside the ducts by known convective correlations) developed considering a solid parallelepiped domain on the ground (WLH), crossed parallel to its central horizontal axis by several channels of rectangular section (wLh), positioned in arrangements of variable geometry.
The design degrees of freedom are the number of ducts, their dimensions, and the spacing among them while meeting prescribed thermal comfort temperatures for each season. Results show that if the energy access of the EAHE is enhanced or optimized for a date in the year, it may not be helpful in other seasons, thus showing that the greater access of the ground thermal energy throughout the year requires a compromise in the EAHE design.
OPTIMIZING VOLUMETRIC SOLAR AIR RECEIVERS: NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF POROSITY AND FLOW EFFECTS ON TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
Authors: NAYEL KAMAL , ALMERBATI ABDULRAHMAN 
Published: January 2025

Ceramic foams are promising as absorber materials for volumetric solar receivers (VSR) in concentrated solar thermal power (CSP) systems. The temperature distribution of the VSR is very important to ensure that it operates efficiently and steadily. This study aims to simulate and analyze the temperature distribution within a VSR considering both the solid and fluid phases. The modelling of the open-cell volumetric receiver employs combined volume-averaged equations, assuming the ceramic foam to possess isotropic and homogeneous properties. To assess the pressure-drop in the VSR a non-Darcian model is adopted. A local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) model is implemented to describe the energy equations for both the solid and fluid phases.
Additionally, the study considers the influence of solar radiation as a heat source on the solid phase. The heat transfer between the surfaces of the volumetric solar air receiver's struts is calculated using the P1 model. At the same time, a macroscopic approach is utilized to evaluate the thermal profile of the ceramic foam. This study also aims to assess the impact of the VSR's porosity and cell size variation on the outlet air temperature. Moreover, the flow scheme of the flowing air, concerning the incident of concentrated radiation, is considered.