bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic Characteristics and Clinical Factors of the Patients Suffering from Osteoarthritis of Hand – A Study Done in A Tertiary Specialized Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultan Md  Zobayed , Sharmin Saida , Sultana Razia , Tanzil Merina 
Published: February 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common forms of arthritis. Hand OA is a heterogeneous, age and gender-dependent disorder, occurring more frequently in postmenopausal women over 50 years of age.
Objective: This study aims to identify demographic patterns and factors associated with osteoarthritis of the hand among patients attending a tertiary-level hospital in Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Orthopedics, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh, between January and December of 2021. A total of 90 patients with OA of hands were included in this study. All patients were selected conveniently and informed written consent of the patients was taken. Participant data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses were done with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.0. Quantitative variables were analyzed by mean and standard deviation while qualitative variables were summarized by percentage.
Results: In this study, the age distribution of the patients ranges from e”40 years to d”75 years irrespective of sex. The mean age of the patients of both sexes was 56.6±8.72 years. Among those 90 patients, 35 persons (38.9%) were male and 55 (61.1%) were female. Most of the patients are housewives 38 (42.22%). Most of the women (87.27%) are menopausal among the total 55 female patients. Only 13 (14.45%) persons had a previous history of a hand injury, and 20 (22.22%) persons had a habit of smoking or previously smokers. Most of the subjects 78 (86.67%) were right-hand dominant and a maximum of 67 (74.45%) persons enrolled in this study showed priority affected CMC1 OA to the dominant hand. Most of them (75.55%) took medications for treatment for arthritis.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that osteoarthritis of the hands is predominant in females and affects mostly the right hand. Further high-quality studies examining the risk factors for hand osteoarthritis are needed to replicate these findings and determine modifiable factors in symptomatic patients.
Mugda Med Coll J. 2023; 6(2): 77-82
Understanding Burnout in Surgeons: How to Avoid Burnout?
Authors: Alam Mohammed Shadrul 
Published: February 2024

Although surgeons work in more stressful medical fields, surgeons are generally considered to offer some of the best lifestyles among physicians. Burnout among surgeons is increasing at an alarming rate. The goals of this review are to increase awareness of the symptoms, causes, and consequences of surgeons’ burnout and how to avoid burnout? Surgeons’ burnout is largely attributed to work-related factors and personal -related factors. Burnout has many potential adverse consequences including professional consequences and personal consequences. The recovery from surgeon’s burnout can take months or longer, therefore it’s important to try to avoid it in the first place through preventative strategies.
Mugda Med Coll J. 2023; 6(2): 99-106
The effects of different iron shaft weights on golf swing performance
Authors: Yang Chia-Chen , Chang Che-Chia , Chao Te , Tai Hsia-Ling , Tsai Yung-Shen 
Published: February 2024

This study examined the effects of three 7-iron shaft weights on golf swing performance among golfers of varying skill levels. The study included 10 low-handicap (LH; 4.3 ± 2.4) and 10 high-handicap (HH; 29.1 ± 5.4) right-handed golfers as participants. The participants were randomly assigned 7-iron clubs with shaft weights categorized as light (77 g), medium (98 g), or heavy (114 g), and they performed test shots. Kinematic data were captured using a motion analysis system with nine infra-red high speed cameras; a force platform connected to this system was used to record weight transfer patterns. Performance variables were assessed using a FlightScope launch monitor. A two-way mixed-design analysis of variance was used to determine the significance of the performance differences among both participant groups and golf shaft weights. The results indicated that during the backswing, the LH group exhibited significantly greater maximum rightward upper torso rotation, maximum X-factor, and maximum right wrist hinge rotation than did the HH group. During the downswing, the LH group exhibited significantly greater maximum upper torso angular velocity and maximum right wrist angular velocity than did the HH group. Moreover, the LH group produced significantly higher ball speeds, longer shot distances, and lower launch angles than did the HH group. The shaft weight neither greatly altered the golf swing nor displaced the center of gravity of the golfers. The lighter shafts were observed to facilitate faster clubhead speeds and initial ball velocities, thereby resulting in longer shot distances, especially among LH golfers. Although significant differences in swing mechanics and performance exist between HH and LH golfers, lighter shafts can contribute to increased shot distances for all golfers.
Association between hyperuricemia and long-term mortality in patients with hypertension: results from the NHANES 2001–2018
Authors: Yin Yufeng , Zhou Erye , Wu Jian 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe prevalence of hyperuricemia and hypertension is steadily increasing, and these conditions often share common risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the association among hyperuricemia, hypertension, and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative U.S. population.MethodsData for 38,644 participants were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum urate concentration &gt;420 μmol/L in men and &gt;360 μmol/L in women. Information regarding death outcomes was obtained through the National Death Index (NDI). Multivariate logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were used to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and hypertension in all included participants, as well as long-term mortality in patients with hypertension.ResultsAmong all participants, 6,956 (18.0%) had hyperuricemia, while 31,688 (82.0%) had nonhyperuricemia. According to the adjusted models, hyperuricemia was more strongly associated with hypertension (OR 2.04) than was non-hyperuricemia. During the median follow-up period of 78 months, both hyperuricemia (HR 1.48, 1.95) and hypertension (HR 1.42, 1.69) independently associated with the increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, respectively, with the highest risk observed in those with both conditions (HR 1.87, 2.82). RCS analyses revealed nonlinear J-shaped (for hypertension) and U-shaped (for both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality) relationships with serum urate levels.ConclusionsHyperuricemia is associated with an elevated risk of developing hypertension compared to non-hyperuricemia. Among patients with hypertension, those with hyperuricemia are more likely to experience all-cause and cardiovascular mortality during long-term follow-up.
Case Report: Kounis syndrome due to cryptopteran bite
Authors: Liao Rui , Cheng Shengjie , Xu Nan 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundKounis syndrome is an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by allergic reactions, including coronary artery spasm (type I) caused by allergies without coronary predisposing factors, pre-existing coronary atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. Anaphylaxis leads to plaque rupture or erosion leading to acute myocardial infarction (type II) and acute coronary stent thrombosis (type III). Here we share a case of Kounis syndrome type I caused by an allergy caused by a Cryptopteran bite.Case presentationA 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to an insect bite for 2 days and chest distress for more than 3 h. Outside the hospital, electrocardiogram(ECG) showed sinus rhythm, ST-segment elevation in leads V1–V3, high-sensitivity troponin 2.54 ng/ml(0–0.5 ng/ml). One hour later, the ECG of the patient showed that the ST segment elevation of lead V1–V4 was 0.10–0.20 mV. Emergency coronary angiography showed coronary spasm and moderate lumen stenosis in the middle segment of left anterior descending artery (LAD). After treatment, the patient's symptoms were relieved, and the ST segment of lead V1–V4 of electrocardiogram returned to normal.ConclusionKunis syndrome is a life-threatening condition that can also cause myocardial ischemic injury in patients with or without coronary artery disease. Timely identification and anti-allergic treatment can achieve a good prognosis.
Which energy labels should we use to expedite the transition to electric vehicles?
Authors: Scarlat Gal , Rosenzweig Stav , Rubin Ofir 
Published: February 2024

In recent years, numerous countries have enacted legislation to halt fossil-fueled vehicle sales within five to 10 years. With shrinking global markets for these vehicles, manufacturers are increasingly motivated to redirect them towards nations with less stringent regulations, using attractive prices and other tactics. However, the sale of new fossil-fueled vehicles poses a public challenge as they will remain in use for years. Consequently, reducing the likelihood of consumers purchasing new fossil-fueled vehicles in favor of electric vehicles is crucial in all countries, particularly those with less stringent regulations, to meet emission goals. Efforts to promote electric vehicle adoption through policy measures fall short due to underestimated cognitive biases and consumer behavior impacts. We contribute to the literature by bridging the gap between human behavioral studies and environmental policy. We incorporate choice architecture into energy labels to determine which information architecture regarding energy costs is an effective nudge in increasing electric vehicle purchase intentions. Our experiment finds that labels framing energy costs as ‘expenditure,’ rather than ‘savings,’ are more effective in increasing the intent to purchase an electric vehicle. Additionally, we find that a graphical display of expenditure was not effective in influencing purchase intentions. Policymakers can use similar choice architecture tools to encourage electric vehicle adoption, expediting the transition to electric vehicles and achieving national environmental goals.
Relevance of histopathological findings for predictive scoring of short-term treatment response to plasma exchange in severe ANCA-associated renal vasculitides
Authors: Hakroush Samy , Korsten Peter , Ströbel Philipp , Tampe Björn 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionRapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function, affecting both renal and overall patient survival. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a small vessel vasculitis affecting multiple organ systems including the kidney, and among most frequent causes of RPGN. We here aimed to validate a recently described scoring system for short-term treatment response to therapeutic plasma exchange (PLEX) in a well-characterized and independent cohort of severe renal AAV presenting with RPGN. Furthermore, we compared this scoring with established classification systems in renal AAV including histopathological findings.MethodsWe here directly compare the scoring system with retrospective data about PLEX treatment in our own clinical practice and according to current recommendations in a cohort of 53 patients with severe AAV presenting with RPGN confirmed by kidney biopsy.ResultsWe here confirm that PLEX scoring is capable to identify patients at risk for short-term poor outcome in severe AAV presenting with RPGN (p&lt;0.0001). Furthermore, multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that the PLEX score with renal biopsy performed best to predict poor outcome in this patient population (p&lt;0.0001).ConclusionOur observations underscore the relevance of performing a kidney biopsy in this patient population that is often challenged in the setting of intensive care treatment, requirement of KRT with need for anticoagulation and bleeding risk. Therefore, validation of our observations and this recent scoring system for treatment response to PLEX in independent cohorts would be of great clinical relevance in the treatment of patients with severe AAV presenting with RPGN.
Comparison of the single-cell and single-nucleus hepatic myeloid landscape within decompensated cirrhosis patients
Authors: Van Melkebeke Lukas , Verbeek Jef , Bihary Dora , Boesch Markus , Boeckx Bram , Feio-Azevedo Rita , Smets Lena , Wallays Marie , Claus Eveline , Bonne Lawrence , Maleux Geert , Govaere Olivier , Korf Hannelie , Lambrechts Diether , van der Merwe Schalk 
Published: February 2024

Background and aimsA complete understanding of disease pathophysiology in advanced liver disease is hampered by the challenges posed by clinical specimen collection. Notably, in these patients, a transjugular liver biopsy (TJB) is the only safe way to obtain liver tissue. However, it remains unclear whether successful sequencing of this extremely small and fragile tissue can be achieved for downstream characterization of the hepatic landscape.MethodsHere we leveraged in-house available single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus (snRNA-seq) technologies and accompanying tissue processing protocols and performed an in-patient comparison on TJB’s from decompensated cirrhosis patients (n = 3).ResultsWe confirmed a high concordance between nuclear and whole cell transcriptomes and captured 31,410 single nuclei and 6,152 single cells, respectively. The two platforms revealed similar diversity since all 8 major cell types could be identified, albeit with different cellular proportions thereof. Most importantly, hepatocytes were most abundant in snRNA-seq, while lymphocyte frequencies were elevated in scRNA-seq. We next focused our attention on hepatic myeloid cells due to their key role in injury and repair during chronic liver disease. Comparison of their transcriptional signatures indicated that these were largely overlapping between the two platforms. However, the scRNA-seq platform failed to recover sufficient Kupffer cell numbers, and other monocytes/macrophages featured elevated expression of stress-related parameters.ConclusionOur results indicate that single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing provides an effective means to overcome complications associated with clinical specimen collection and could sufficiently profile all major hepatic cell types including all myeloid cell subsets.
The role of INFL in code-switching: a study of a Papiamento heritage community in the Netherlands
Authors: Parafita Couto M. Carmen , Pouw Charlotte , Laanen Rodi , López Luis 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIn heritage bilingualism studies, code-switching has often been overlooked, with a focus on either the heritage language or the dominant societal language of the bilingual individual. However, exploring code-switching can provide valuable insights into heritage speakers' grammar, revealing patterns that may not be apparent when only examining monolingual speech. Recent research suggests that in code-switched clauses, functional elements must align with the language of verbal inflection (INFL), which encompasses tense, aspect, voice, and agreement. This generalization is usually referred to as the Matrix Language Frame (MLF). The present study explores the empirical validity of this generalization using an experimental protocol that controls for variables that earlier work did not take into consideration. These variables are (a) adjacency between INFL and the functional element, (b) the interaction of the MLF with embedded islands, and (c) the possibly degrading effects of inserting a functional category. Thus, the aim of this study is to provide evidence in support (or not) of the INFL constraint beyond the experimental limitations in earlier work. The study focuses on the bilingual combination Papiamento–Dutch. Our results, by and large, support the MLF generalization.MethodsWe carried out an online audio survey (3-point Likert scale) with 43 Papiamento–Dutch bilinguals. We manipulated the position of the switch and controlled for potential directionality effects by presenting code-switches in both switching directions.ResultsWe find a scale of acceptability, where the conditions that respect the INFL constraint are preferred. Additionally, and consistent with recent corpus and experimental literature, our results point to a clear asymmetry regarding directionality effects or choice of ML, reflecting how code-switching is deployed in the community.DiscussionControlling for directionality allows us to discern the mechanisms of the INFL constraint. Thus, these findings underscore the intertwining influence of linguistic factors and community norms in guiding code-switching dynamics. Such insights extend beyond the specific context to shed light on broader dynamics within (heritage-language) bilingualism.
Pseudomonas chlororaphis IRHB3 assemblies beneficial microbes and activates JA-mediated resistance to promote nutrient utilization and inhibit pathogen attack
Authors: Wei Dengqin , Zhu Dan , Zhang Yunfeng , Yang Zheng , Hu Yu , Song Chun , Yang Wenyu , Chang Xiaoli 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe rhizosphere microbiome is critical to plant health and resistance. PGPR are well known as plant-beneficial bacteria and generally regulate nutrient utilization as well as plant responses to environmental stimuli. In our previous work, one typical PGPR strain, Pseudomonas chlororaphis IRHB3, isolated from the soybean rhizosphere, had positive impacts on soil-borne disease suppression and growth promotion in the greenhouse, but its biocontrol mechanism and application in the field are not unclear.MethodsIn the current study, IRHB3 was introduced into field soil, and its effects on the local rhizosphere microbiome, disease resistance, and soybean growth were comprehensively analyzed through high-throughput sequencing and physiological and molecular methods.Results and discussionWe found that IRHB3 significantly increased the richness of the bacterial community but not the structure of the soybean rhizosphere. Functional bacteria related to phosphorus solubilization and nitrogen fixation, such as Geobacter, Geomonas, Candidatus Solibacter, Occallatibacter, and Candidatus Koribacter, were recruited in rich abundance by IRHB3 to the soybean rhizosphere as compared to those without IRHB3. In addition, the IRHB3 supplement obviously maintained the homeostasis of the rhizosphere microbiome that was disturbed by F. oxysporum, resulting in a lower disease index of root rot when compared with F. oxysporum. Furthermore, JA-mediated induced resistance was rapidly activated by IRHB3 following PDF1.2 and LOX2 expression, and meanwhile, a set of nodulation genes, GmENOD40b, GmNIN-2b, and GmRIC1, were also considerably induced by IRHB3 to improve nitrogen fixation ability and promote soybean yield, even when plants were infected by F. oxysporum. Thus, IRHB3 tends to synergistically interact with local rhizosphere microbes to promote host growth and induce host resistance in the field.
Evolutionary dynamics and geographical dispersal of Borrelia lusitaniae
Authors: Cirkovic Valentina , Veinovic Gorana , Stankovic Daliborka , Mihaljica Darko , Sukara Ratko , Tomanovic Snezana 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundBorrelia lusitaniae is a species within the complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, associated with lizards as reservoirs and Ixodes ricinus as its main vector. Borrelia lusitaniae is predominantly distributed in Central and Southeast Europe, and in countries of the Mediterranean basin, such as Portugal, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy where this spirochete appears to infect vector ticks more frequently than other genospecies. Evolution of this zoonotic tick-borne microparasite is shaped by different environmental factors. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis may give insight into how B. lusitaniae spreads to new geographic locations.AimWe applied Bayesian statistical methods to B. lusitaniae multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data to study the migration routes of B. lusitaniae and its potential for further spread.ResultsThe discrete phylogeographic analysis placed origins of B. lusitaniae in Southeast Europe and identified at least two introductions of B. lusitaniae from Europe to North Africa. Estimated effective reproductive potential (Re), as a key indicator for a pathogen spread, suggested potential for further spread.ConclusionThe results of this study can provide beneficial information about the potential for further spread of B. lusitaniae in Europe and North Africa and estimation of necessity for the development of strategies to monitor and control Lyme borreliosis.
Motor imagery ability in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and evidence map
Authors: Fierro-Marrero José , Corujo-Merino Alejandro , La Touche Roy , Lerma-Lara Sergio 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundCerebral palsy (CP) refers to a group of permanent movement and posture disorders. Motor imagery (MI) therapy is known to provide potential benefits, but data on MI ability in children and adolescents with CP is lacking.ObjectiveA systematic review was performed to explore MI abilities in children and adolescents with CP compared to typically developed (TD) subjects.MethodsWe searched on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), EBSCO, Google Scholar, and PEDro including observational studies. Methodological quality was assessed with the modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and evidence map was created to synthesize the evidence qualitatively and quantitatively.ResultsSeven cross-sectional studies were selected, which included 174 patients with CP and 321 TD subjects. Three studies explored explicit MI, two MI–execution synchrony, and four implicit MI domains. Methodological quality ranged from 6 to 8 stars. Moderate evidence supported the absence of differences in vividness between the groups. As there was only limited evidence, establishing a clear direction for the results was not possible, especially for the capacity to generate MI, mental chronometry features, and MI–execution synchrony domains. Moderate evidence supported a lower efficiency in cases for hand recognition, derived from a lower accuracy rate, while reaction time remained similar between the two groups. Moderate evidence indicated that patients with CP and TD controls showed similar features on whole-body recognition.ConclusionModerate evidence suggests that patients with CP present a reduced ability in hand recognition, which is not observed for whole-body recognition compared to healthy controls. Severe limitations concerning sample size calculations and validity of assessment tools clearly limits establishing a direction of results, especially for explicit MI and MI-Execution synchrony domains. Further research is needed to address these limitations to enhance our comprehension of MI abilities in children, which is crucial for prescribing suitable MI-based therapies in this child population.