bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in student-AI interaction process on a drawing task: Focusing on students’ attitude towards AI and the level of drawing skills
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Ham Yoonhee , Lee Sang-Soog 
Published: February 2024

Recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have increased the opportunities for students to interact with AI in their learning tasks. Although various fields of scholarly research have investigated human-AI collaboration, the underlying processes of how students collaborate with AI in a student-AI teaming scenario have been scarcely investigated. To develop effective AI applications in education, it is necessary to understand differences in the student-AI interaction (SAI) process depending on students' characteristics. The present study attempts to fill this gap by exploring the differences in the SAI process amongst students with varying drawing proficiencies and attitudes towards AI in performing a public advertisement drawing task. Based on the empirical evidence obtained from the think-aloud protocols of 20 Korean undergraduate students, the study first conducted a lag sequential analysis to identify statistically significant linear patterns of each group and then chronologically incorporated them into the SAI duration via coded activity alignment series to distinguish the overall SAI process of each group. The study revealed the distinctive differences in SAI processes of students with different attitudes towards AI and drawing skills. To better facilitate student-AI teams for learning, a range of implications of educational AI development and instructional design is discussed.

Implications for practice or policy:

Educational AI should not be limited to performing a specific task and solving well-defined problems. It should be designed with a holistic view of the end-to-end student-AI process, interconnected to different learning activities in the learning process.
Educational AI should be capable of increasing students’ metacognition and emotional engagement.
An educational AI system architect team inclusive of diverse stakeholders should be formed to collaboratively design the AI system.
Modulation by Withania somnifera of stress-induced anxiogenesis and airway inflammation in rats
Authors: Rehman Sana , Naqvi Maaz , Ali Nafaa Hasan , Gulati Kavita , Ray Arunabha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Stress is an aversive stimulus which disrupts the biological milieu of the organism and a variety of emotional and environmental stressors are known to influence allergic and immunological disorders like bronchial asthma but the pharmacological basis of such interactions is not clearly defined. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is a potent anti-stress agent used widely in Indian traditional medicine and the present experimental study evaluated the effects of W. somnifera extract (WSE) on chronic stress-induced neurobehavioral and immunological responses in an experimental model of allergic asthma in rats.

Methods
Wistar rats (200–250 g) were immunized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to restraint stress (RS) and WSE treatments for 15 days. Following this, anxiety behavior was assessed by the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, and blood and BAL fluid samples were collected for measuring of inflammatory/immune markers by ELISA and biochemical assay. The data of the various treatment groups were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

Results
Restraint stress (RS) induced anxiogenic behavior in the (EPM) test in OVA immunized rats, and this was attenuated by WSE (200 and 400 mg/kg), in a dose related manner. Examination of blood and BAL fluid in these RS exposed rats also resulted in elevations in IgE, TNF-α and IL-4 levels, which were also attenuated by WSE pretreatments. Further, WSE pretreatment neutralized the such RS induced changes in oxidative stress markers viz. elevated MDA and reduced GSH levels.

Conclusions
The data pharmacologically validates role of stress in asthma and suggests that adaptogens like WSE could be a potential complementary agent for reducing anxiety as well as airway inflammation by a multi-targeted and holistic approach. The study also highlights the significance of integration of traditional and modern medical concepts in such chronic disorders.
A Virtual Transcultural Understanding Pedagogy: Online Exchanges of Emic Asian Cultural Concepts
Authors: Dalsky David , Su Jueyun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper describes the principles and applications of a teaching/learning/research method of a “Virtual Transcultural Understanding Pedagogy” (VTUP) based on the conditions for prejudice reduction and the principles of Team Learning and Exploratory Practice. The pedagogy was implemented in a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project involving Japanese, Malaysian, and Chinese students enrolled in an online graduate seminar course conducted via Zoom at a leading research university in Japan. This seminar aimed to achieve a transcultural understanding of key emic cultural concepts through online interviews and collaborative writing using English as a lingua franca. Reflections on the exchanges that provide evidence for transcultural understanding are presented, thereby supporting the VTUP method. The contributions of the unique teaching/learning/research methodology to transcultural understanding and suggestions for implementing this pedagogy are discussed.
Ultrafast acousto-optic modulation at the near-infrared spectral range by interlayer vibrations
Authors: Park Tae Gwan , Kim Chaeyoon , Oh Eon-Taek , Na Hong Ryeol , Chun Seung-Hyun , Lee Sunghun , Rotermund Fabian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The acousto-optic modulation over a broad near-infrared (NIR) spectrum with high speed, excellent integrability, and relatively simple scheme is crucial for the application of next-generation opto-electronic and photonic devices. This study aims to experimentally demonstrate ultrafast acousto-optic phenomena in the broad NIR spectral range of 0.77–1.1 eV (1130–1610 nm). Hundreds of GHz of light modulation are revealed in an all-optical configuration by combining ultrafast optical spectroscopy and light–sound conversion in 10–20 nm-thick bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) van der Waals thin films. The modified optical transition energy and the line shape in the NIR band indicate phonon–photon interactions, resulting in a modulation of optical characteristics by the photoexcited interlayer vibrations in Bi2Se3. This all-optical, ultrafast acousto-optic modulation approach may open avenues for next-generation nanophotonic applications, including optical communications and processing, due to the synergistic combination of large-area capability, high photo-responsivity, and frequency tunability in the NIR spectral range.
Strong coupling of metamaterials with cavity photons: toward non-Hermitian optics
Authors: Meng Fanqi , Cao Lei , Mangeney Juliette , Roskos Hartmut G. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The investigation of strong coupling between light and matter is an important field of research. Its significance arises not only from the emergence of a plethora of intriguing chemical and physical phenomena, often novel and unexpected, but also from its provision of important tool sets for the design of core components for novel chemical, electronic, and photonic devices such as quantum computers, lasers, amplifiers, modulators, sensors and more. Strong coupling has been demonstrated for various material systems and spectral regimes, each exhibiting unique features and applications. In this perspective, we will focus on a sub-field of this domain of research and discuss the strong coupling between metamaterials and photonic cavities at THz frequencies. The metamaterials, themselves electromagnetic resonators, serve as “artificial atoms”. We provide a concise overview of recent advances and outline possible research directions in this vital and impactful field of interdisciplinary science.
Predicting Serious Bacterial Infections Among Hypothermic Infants in the Emergency Department
Authors: Money Nathan M. , Lo Yu Hsiang J. , King Hannah , Graves Christopher , Holland Jamie Lynn , Rogers Alexander , Hashikawa Andrew N. , Cruz Andrea T. , Lorenz Douglas J , Ramgopal Sriram 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
There is insufficient evidence to guide the initial evaluation of hypothermic infants. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for serious bacterial infections (SBI) among hypothermic infants presenting to the emergency department (ED).

METHODS
We conducted a multicenter case-control study among hypothermic (rectal temperature &lt;36.5°C) infants ≤90 days presenting to the ED who had a blood culture collected. Our outcome was SBI (bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, and/or urinary tract infection). We performed 1:2 matching. Historical, physical examination and laboratory covariables were determined based on the literature review from febrile and hypothermic infants and used logistic regression to identify candidate risk factors.

RESULTS
Among 934 included infants, 57 (6.1%) had an SBI. In univariable analyses, the following were associated with SBI: age &gt; 21 days, fever at home or in the ED, leukocytosis, elevated absolute neutrophil count, thrombocytosis, and abnormal urinalysis. Prematurity, respiratory distress, and hypothermia at home were negatively associated with SBI. The full multivariable model exhibited a c-index of 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.88–0.94). One variable (abnormal urinalysis) was selected for a reduced model, which had a c-index of 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.75–0.89). In a sensitivity analysis among hypothermic infants without fever (n = 22 with SBI among 116 infants), leukocytosis, absolute neutrophil count, and abnormal urinalysis were associated with SBI.

CONCLUSIONS
Historical, examination, and laboratory data show potential as variables for risk stratification of hypothermic infants with concern for SBI. Larger studies are needed to definitively risk stratify this cohort, particularly for invasive bacterial infections.
Quantitative gas-phase transmission electron microscopy: Where are we now and what comes next?
Authors: Jinschek Joerg R. , Helveg Stig , Allard Lawrence F. , Dionne Jennifer A. , Zhu Yuanyuan , Crozier Peter A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBased on historical developments and the current state of the art in gas-phase transmission electron microscopy (GP-TEM), we provide a perspective covering exciting new technologies and methodologies of relevance for chemical and surface sciences. Considering thermal and photochemical reaction environments, we emphasize the benefit of implementing gas cells, quantitative TEM approaches using sensitive detection for structured electron illumination (in space and time) and data denoising, optical excitation, and data mining using autonomous machine learning techniques. These emerging advances open new ways to accelerate discoveries in chemical and surface sciences.
Graphical abstract
Antiidiotypic antibodies to estradiol and gene polymorphisms of α and β estrogenic receptors in breast cancer patients
Authors: Glushkov A. N. , Polenok E. G. , Gordeeva L. A. , Mun S. A. , Antonov A. V. , Bayramov P. V. , Verzhbitskaya N. E. , Kolpinskiy G. I. , Vafin I. A. 
Published: February 2024

Markers for identification of ER+/PR breast cancer (BC) risks and conversion of ER+/ER+ to ER-/PR- tumors are necessary for effective prevention and therapy of BC by the selective ER – modificators. Purpose – To reveal the proposed associations of gene polymorphisms of ESR1 and ESR2 and antiidiotypic antibodies to estradiol (IgG2-E2) with ER+/PR+ BC risk and conversion of ER+/PR+ to ER-/PR- tumors and to study the interrelations between gene variants of ESR and IgG2-E2 in healthy women and BC patients. Polymorphic loci of ESR1 (rs2234693) and ESR2 (rs4986938) were studied by the real time PCR in 370 healthy women and 1169 BC patients. Tumor tissues ER and PR were detected by the standard immunohistochemical methods. Serum IgG2-E2 were studied using non-competitive enzyme immuno-assay. TT, TC and CC genotypes of ESR1 were revealed with the equal frequency in healthy women and BC patients I stage. Homozygotes GG of ESR2 were detected rarely, but AA frequently in BC patients with ER+/PR+ tumors at the I stage, than in healthy women женщин (44.0% and 14.2% vs 52.7 and 8.4%, respectively; p=0.005). The low levels of IgG2-ES were revealed more rarely but high levels more frequently in BC patients with ER+/PR+ tumors at the I stage, that in healthy donors (39.8% and 60.2% vs 58.0% and 42.0%, respectively; p=0.0002). Decreasing of ER+/PR+ tumors proportion and corresponding increasing of ER-/PR- tumors from I stage to II–IV stages (71.7% to 58.9% and 13.9% to 23.1%; p=0.006) were revealed in TC heterozygotes of ESR1 only. The same conversion of ER+/PR+ tumors to ER-/PR- were detected in GG homozygotes of ESR2 (p=0.004). There have been the similar ER/PR transformation in BC patients with high IgG2-E2 levels (74.7% to 57.6% and 11.3%, to 25.0%, respectively, p<0.0001). High and low IgG2-E2 levels were detected with the same proportions at the any genotypes of ESR1 and ESR2 in healthy women or in BC patients. ESR1-2 gene polymorphisms and serum IgG2-E2 levels may be used as independent markers for prediction of ER+/PR+ and for ER+/PR+ to ER-/PR- tumors conversion during BC progression.
Gudeg Manggar as an Attraction of the Traditional Gastronomic Cultural Heritage
Authors: Sulistiono Sulistiono , Wiharjo Rahmat Yumirwan , Sulami Evi 
Published: February 2024

Currently, the Indonesian government, especially in the field of tourism, has a target to developed gastronomic tourism. Traditional food has become an important element for developing this industry. Existence the tourist to visit tourist destinations, emerged the trend to look for authentic experiences. Story telling cannot be separated from traditional food as then becomes the main attraction. Gastronomy industri development was comprehensive with many aspects of value-added tourism and also the gastronomic packaging can preserve the cultural heritage from ancestors then developed from generation to generation. The city of Yogyakarta has various interesting cultural heritage tourism potentials. One of the interesting concerns is the existence of Gudeg Manggar the traditional food as a cultural heritage that can become a gastronomic tourist attraction. The researcher using descriptive qualitative research method. The data obtained that this food has nine gastronomic tourism components. Then the second step after making deep interviewed and quesioner using the creativepreneurship Nona Helix model there is a finding that Gudeg Manggar can bedeveloped as Tourist attraction in Yogyakarta City.
Assessment of awareness, attitude, knowledge and willingness for eye donation in undergraduate medical students
Authors: Sirisha Ramavath , C S Ranjitha , Babu G Suresh , S K Meghana , Anusha  , Saumya  
Published: February 2024

To assess awareness, attitude, knowledge, and willingness towards eye donation in medical students. This is a questionnaire based cross sectional survey on 750 undergraduate medical students at a tertiary eye care hospital. Each student was given questionnaire to assess the awareness, attitude knowledge and willingness towards eye donation. And the responses were analyzed. Out of 750, 22% were 1 year, 21% were 2 year, 26% were 3 year, 20% final year and rest were interns. About 60% students were aware about the time of enucleation, and 40% were willing for pledging for eye donation. Majority of students are aware and had good knowledge but need more motivation to pledge for eye donation. Medical students with good knowledge and attitude can help spread awareness in the community regarding the same.
Advantages and Challenges of CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Animal Modeling: A Concise Review CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Animal Modeling
Authors: Abdolmajid Ghasemian , Ensieh Nournia , Ghasem Nikfar , Maryam Kohansal , Mohammad Ghorbani , Afsaneh Salahi , Mojtaba Memariani 
Published: February 2024

CRISPR is an extraordinarily powerful technique regulating any target gene across the genome with promising therapy intentions. CRISPR-Cas9 is a convenient tool for gene manipulation. Notwithstanding this, the broad consequence of human gene editing, particularly germinal genes, cannot be predicted. Firstly, once edited, the genes would be part of the human population for successive generations and may be impossible to remove from humanity; secondly, success is not guaranteed; thirdly, the fidelity of editing, as it could affect unrelated genes or unspecified segments of DNA; and last but not least, its influence on gene interaction, network, and signaling pathways could be difficult to be predicted. CRISPR-Cas9 mostly includes precise genome editing, rapidity and cost-effectiveness, creation of disease models, study of gene function, applications in gene therapy and translation research and wide diversity for species. The technique also ignited the moral and ethical concerns of scientific community. Ethics and safety approval for gene modification in human cells is required by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The NIH does not currently fund studies of CRISPR in human embryos and opposes the CRISPR utilization in germline cells because these alterations would be permanent and heritable. The technology has promised with the most profound implications for cancer therapy. Recent advances in CRISPR-based technology is redefining how cancer is studied and potentially improves anti-cancer therapies. One way to improve the technology is to use machine-learning approaches to comprehending CRISPR errors and predicting more specific edits and repairing outcomes.
Influence of Lithology on the Characteristics of Wave Propagation and Dynamic Response in Rocky Slope Sites Subject to Blasting Load Via the Discrete Element Method
Authors: Song Danqing , Quan Xuerui , chen Zhuo , Xu Dakai , Liu Chun , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Enzhi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To investigate the dynamic response and attenuation law of rock slope sites subjected to blasting, three lithological numerical models, including slate (hard rock), tuff (relatively soft rock), and shale (soft rock), are established by using MatDEM. By analyzing the wave field, velocity, and acceleration response of the models and their Fourier spectrum, combined with stress and energy analysis, their dynamic response characteristics are investigated. The results show that blasting waves propagate from near field to far field in a circular arc, and the attenuation effect of waves in soft rock is less than that in hard rock. The influence of lithology on the dynamic response of the ground surface and bedrock is different. Blasting waves mainly affect the dynamic response in the near-field area of the blasting source. In addition, the dynamic amplification effect of slopes is as follows: hard rock &gt; relatively soft rock &gt; soft rock. The slope surface has an elevation attenuation effect. A dynamic amplification effect appears in the slope interior within the relative elevation (0.75, 1.0). The Fourier spectrum has an obvious predominant frequency, and that of the slope crest and interior is less than that of the slope surface. Moreover, the total energy generated by the rocky sites gradually changes into kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy, and heat. Energy-based analysis shows that the attenuation effect of blasting waves in hard rock is larger than that in soft rock overall. This work can provide a reference for revealing the blasting vibration effect of rock sites.
Study on the Influence Mechanism of Multi-dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration on Laser Cladding
Authors: Han Xing , Jia Shuangliang , Li Chang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Laser cladding is an emerging surface modification technology, and the cladding layer often suffers from defects such as cracks, inclusions and porosity. For solving this problem, the introduction of ultrasonic vibration can effectively reduce the cladding layer tissue defects. In this study, numerical simulation was used to investigate the transient law of different ultrasonic loading methods on the molten pool during laser cladding process. The study found that the introduction of ultrasonic vibration changed the flow rate of the molten metal and affected the Marangoni convection, which in turn changed the flow rate variation pattern inside the melt pool to some extent. Compared to single-dimensional ultrasonic vibration, multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration exhibits a more significant effect on the molten pool, capable of increasing molten pool velocity and enhancing molten pool fluidity. Experimental results indicate that due to the combined influence of ultrasound effects from different dimensions, multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration yields a superior refinement effect on the clad layer's microstructure.
Investigation of levels of gaseous pollutants and noise with their probable health effect on employees of alcoholic and beverages bottling industries of Chandigarh city, India
Authors: Dhada Indramani , - Vishal , Waziri Sadiq Abdullahi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A wide array of emission sources commonly generates air pollutants in industrial settings and consists of a complex mixture of inorganic and organic constituents, which encompass volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In most cases, employees and workers spend at least eight hours a day in any industry and are exposed to pollutants, including noise present/generated inside the industry, which affects their work efficiency and health. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential health risks of employees associated with the presence of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), Ozone (O3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), ethanol, and noise in bottling industries located in Chandigarh city in India. Although the average concentration of pollutants was found to be within the permissible range, the noise level (77±3dB) was found to be slightly above the standard. The health risk analysis employed both deterministic and probabilistic models revealed that with over 50% frequency, the ethanol concentration exceeded the threshold limit set by OSHA, and the coefficient of correlation +0.92 between TVOC and ethanol implies a major component of VOCs to be ethanol. The overall health risk is observed to be 1.21, and for individual pollutants, it is in the range of 0.16 to 0.92, which is not significant, but it needs to be observed for strict compliance. It is evident that if the present trend of pollutant levels continues within the study area, it might cause a health threat in the near future. The concentration of pollutants, inhalation rate, and body weight are the prime factors affecting health (28-29%) followed by exposure time (10%) and exposure frequency (5%). The difference in probable health risk in both approaches was 0.63-1.5%, which signifies both models can be used individually for effective estimation of health risk.