bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term side effects of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers: a multicenter study in Iran
Authors: Mirnia Kayvan , Haji Esmaeil Memar Elmira , Kamran Niyoosha , Yeganedoost Saadollah , Nickhah Klashami Zeynab , Mamishi Setareh , Mahmoudi Shima 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince the initiation of the COVID-19 vaccination effort, there has been widespread concern regarding vaccine efficacy and potential side effects. This study aimed to explore the short-term side effects of four available COVID-19 vaccines (Sputnik V, Sinopharm, Oxford–AstraZeneca, and Covaxin) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Iran. The multicenter study involved 1575 HCWs, with the majority received Sputnik V (74.1%), followed by Covaxin (15.6%), Sinopharm (6.4%), and Oxford-AstraZeneca (3.8%). The prevalence of at least one side effect after the first and second dose COVID-19 vaccine was 84.6% and 72.9%, respectively. The common side effects (presented in > 50% of the study participants) after the first dose of the vaccine were injection site pain (61.7%), myalgia (51.8%), and muscle pain (50.9%). The most reported side effects after the second dose of the vaccine were injection site pain (26.8%), myalgia (15.8%), fever (10.3%), headache (9.9%), and chills (9.2%). In conclusion, according to the COVID-19 vaccine type, different side effects might occur following the first and second doses of vaccination. These findings assist in addressing the ongoing problems of vaccination hesitancy which has been driven by widespread worries about the vaccine safety profile.
Prefrontal cortex structural and developmental associations with callous-unemotional traits and aggression
Authors: Hostetler Nathan , Tavares Tamara P. , Ritchie Mary B. , Oliver Lindsay D. , Chen Vanessa V. , Greening Steven , Finger Elizabeth C. , Mitchell Derek G. V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractYouths with high levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits and aggression are at an increased risk for developing antisocial behaviours into adulthood. In this population, neurostructural grey matter abnormalities have been observed in the prefrontal cortex. However, the directionality of these associations is inconsistent, prompting some to suggest they may vary across development. Although similar neurodevelopmental patterns have been observed for other disorders featuring emotional and behavioural dysregulation, few studies have tested this hypothesis for CU traits, and particularly not for aggression subtypes. The current study sought to examine grey matter correlates of CU traits and aggression (including its subtypes), and then determine whether these associations varied by age. Fifty-four youths (10–19 years old) who were characterized for CU traits and aggression underwent MRI. Grey matter volume and surface area within the anterior cingulate cortex was positively associated with CU traits. The correlation between CU traits and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) volume varied significantly as a function of age, as did the correlation between reactive aggression and mOFC surface area. These associations became more positive with age. There were no significant findings for proactive/total aggression. Results are interpreted considering the potential for delayed cortical maturation in youths with high CU traits/aggression.
Glutamate is effective in decreasing opacity formed in galactose-induced cataract model
Authors: Takashima Masaru , Yamamura Shunki , Tamiya Chie , Inami Mayumi , Takamura Yoshihiro , Inatani Masaru , Oki Masaya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, the detailed pathogenesis of cataract remains unclear, and clinically useful drug treatments are still lacking. In this study, we examined the effects of glutamate using an ex vivo model in which rat lens is cultured in a galactose-containing medium to induce opacity formation. After inducing lens opacity formation in galactose medium, glutamate was added, and the opacity decreased when the culture was continued. Next, microarray analysis was performed using samples in which the opacity was reduced by glutamate, and genes whose expression increased with galactose culture and decreased with the addition of glutamate were extracted. Subsequently, STRING analysis was performed on a group of genes that showed variation as a result of quantitative measurement of gene expression by RT-qPCR. The results suggest that apoptosis, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cytoskeleton, and histones are involved in the formation and reduction of opacity. Therefore, glutamate may reduce opacity by inhibiting oxidative stress and its downstream functions, and by regulating the cytoskeleton and cell proliferation.
Refractive index sensor based on fano-magnetic toroidal quadrupole resonance enabled by bound state in the continuum in all-dielectric metasurface
Authors: Maleki Javad , Fathi Davood 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor the first time, an all-dielectric metasurface ultra-sensitive refractive index (RI) sensor with very high quality factor (QF) and figure of merit (FOM), with Fano-magnetic toroidal quadrupole (MTQ) resonance enabled by bound state in continuum (BIC) in terahertz (THz) region was designed. Furthermore, the MTQ resonance in the THz due to a distortion of symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum in the designed structure was investigated. Also, to achieve the dark mode, a combination of three methods including (i) breaking the symmetry, (ii) design of complex structures, and (iii) changing the incident angle was utilized. The broken symmetry in the structure caused a new mode to be excited, which is suitable for sensing applications. The designed metasurface was able to sense a wide range of RI in MTQ resonance, where its properties were improved for the value of sensitivity (S) from 217 GHz/RIU to 625 GHz/RIU, for FOM from 197 RIU–1 to 2.21 × 106 RIU–1 and for QF from 872 to 5.7 × 106.
Biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity studies of phlorotannin/polycaprolactone coated trachea tube for advancing medical device applications
Authors: Kim Tae-Hee , Heo Seong-Yeong , Oh Gun-Woo , Park Won Sun , Jung Won-Kyo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe phlorotannin-polycaprolactone-coated endotracheal tube (PP tube) has been developed with the aim of preventing tracheal stenosis that can result from endotracheal intubation, a factor that can lead to a serious airway obstruction. Its preventive efficacy has been assessed through both in vitro and in vivo investigations. However, there is a lack of studies concerning its biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity in animal models, a crucial factor to ensure the safety of its usage as a functional endotracheal tube. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and sub-chronic (13 weeks) toxicity of the PP tube through L929 cell line and diverse in vivo models. The cytotoxicity testing was performed using the extracts of PP tube on L929 cells for 72 h. Furthermore, other tests conducted on animal models, including ICR mice (acute systemic toxicity), New Zealand white rabbit (intradermal reactivity and pyrogen tests), guinea pig (maximization sensitization), and Sprague Dawley rats (sub-chronic toxicity). In both biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity analyses, no significant adverse effects are observed in the groups exposed to the PP tube, when compared to control group. Altogether, the findings suggested that the PP tube exhibits relative non-toxic and safety, supporting its suitability for clinical usage. However, extended periods of intubation may produce mild irritant responses, highlighting the clinical caution of limiting intubation duration to less than 13 weeks.
Numerical simulation of autoclaved aerated concrete masonry wall subjected to close-in explosion and the structural damage assessment
Authors: Liu Sheng , Xu Xiangyun , Zhang Yilun , Zhou Bukui , Yang Kezhi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the destructive effect of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry walls subjected to close-in explosions. First, full-size refined finite-element models of the AAC masonry wall were established, and the accuracy of the models was verified by comparison with the test results. The destruction pattern and damage characteristics of the AAC wall were studied, and the effects of block size, wall thickness, mortar compressive strength, and explosion distance on the destruction degree of the AAC masonry walls were analyzed. The results showed that the destruction pattern of the AAC masonry wall subjected to close-in explosion manifested as punching damage in the middle of the wall. When the scaled distance remained unchanged, the punching damage area of the AAC masonry wall was positively correlated with the block size and negatively correlated with the wall thickness and mortar compressive strength. When the explosive equivalent remained unchanged and the explosion distance increased, the punching damage area first increased and then decreased. According to the damage mechanism of the AAC masonry wall, a calculation method for predicting the punching damage area of the AAC masonry wall was established, and the accuracy of this method was verified by comparing it with the numerical results. In addition, the damage criterion based on the punching damage area was established to determine the destruction levels of AAC masonry walls.
Multi-objective genetic algorithm calibration of colored self-compacting concrete using DEM: an integrated parallel approach
Authors: Shafaie Vahid , Movahedi Rad Majid 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA detailed numerical simulation of Colored Self-Compacting Concrete (CSCC) was conducted in this research. Emphasis was placed on an innovative calibration methodology tailored for ten unique CSCC mix designs. Through the incorporation of multi-objective optimization, MATLAB's Genetic Algorithm (GA) was seamlessly integrated with PFC3D, a prominent Discrete Element Modeling (DEM) software package. This integration facilitates the exchange of micro-parameter values, where MATLAB’s GA optimizes these parameters, which are then input into PFC3D to simulate the behavior of CSCC mix designs. The calibration process is fully automated through a MATLAB script, complemented by a fish script in PFC, allowing for an efficient and precise calibration mechanism that automatically terminates based on predefined criteria. Central to this approach is the Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) test, which forms the foundation of the calibration process. A distinguishing aspect of this study was the incorporation of pigment effects, reflecting the cohesive behavior of cementitious components, into the micro-parameters influencing the cohesion coefficient within DEM. This innovative approach ensured significant alignment between simulations and observed macro properties, as evidenced by fitness values consistently exceeding 0.94. This investigation not only expanded the understanding of CSCC dynamics but also contributed significantly to the discourse on advanced concrete simulation methodologies, underscoring the importance of multi-objective optimization in such studies.
A low-carbon economic dispatch method for regional integrated energy system based on multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm
Authors: Cao Jie , Yang Yuanbo , Qu Nan , Xi Yang , Guo Xiaoli , Dong Yunchang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates Regional Integrated Energy Systems (RIES), emphasizing the connection of diverse energy supply subsystems to address varied user needs and enhance operational efficiency. A novel low-carbon economic dispatch method, utilizing the multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm, is introduced. The method not only optimizes economic and environmental benefits but also aligns with "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" objectives. The study begins by presenting a comprehensive low-carbon economic dispatch model, followed by the proposal of the multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm, crucial for deriving the Pareto frontier of the low-carbon economic dispatch model. Additionally, we introduce a TOPSIS approach based on combined subjective and objective weights, this approach harnesses the objective data from the Pareto solution set deftly, curbs the subjective biases of dispatchers effectively and facilitates the selection of an optimal system operation plan from the Pareto frontier. Finally, the simulation results highlight the outstanding performance of our method in terms of optimization outcomes, convergence efficiency, and solution diversity. Noteworthy among these results is an 8.8% decrease in system operational economic costs and a 14.2% reduction in carbon emissions.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and associated factors among women attending cervical cancer screening in setting of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Elsa , Kumbi Birhanu , Mandefro Belayihun , Hemba Yadesa , Prajapati Krushna Kant , Singh Suresh Chandra , Upadhye Vijay , Hajare Sunil Tulshiram 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are circular, nonenveloped small double-stranded DNA viruses that infect stratified epithelium and can cause a number of life-threatening diseases. HPV is the central risk factor for developing cervical cancer and is estimated that approximately 98% of this disease is associated with oncogenic types of HPV. HPV infection leads to an estimated 266,000 cervical cancer deaths annually. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and risk factors associated with cervical lesion among women attending the cervical cancer screening clinic at the Ethiopian Family Guidance Association, Addis Ababa. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HPV infection. Data were collected using a questionnaire and samples leftover from cervical screening were taken. The leftover swab was air dried and DNA was extracted and amplified by using a PCR. A total of 247 women were included in the study. The prevalence of HPV was 9.72% among the population studied. Of all participants, 27.13% were positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia-1 (CIN1). CIN1 positivity was found in half of HPV positive women. Among HPV positive women, half of them had started sexual intercourse at ages 12–17 years and 41.66% were women who gave birth at ages 12–17 years. The high prevalence of HPV and the CIN1 positive group were ages 36–57 and women with multiple sexual partners. The other groups with the highest CIN1 positive were 22.39% grade (9–12) and 20.9% primary (1–8) and uneducated women. Among HPV positive women, 83.33% had an abortion history and 80% miscarried in the first trimester. Among the CIN1 positives, 53.73% had more than two sexual partners. Among HPV positive women, half of them were users of contraception methods. In conclusion, the highest prevalence of HPV is among women who began sexual intercourse earlier and who gave birth at 12–17 years of age, have an abortion history, with MSP and oral contraceptive methods users. In addition to HPV, early pregnancy and sexual intercourse at 12–17 years of age, abortion, MSP, and oral hormonal contraceptives are factors in cervical cancer. Finally, most women do not have enough knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and the risk factor.
The effect of caponization on tibia bone histomorphometric properties of crossbred roosters
Authors: Wojciechowska-Puchałka J. , Calik J. , Krawczyk J. , Obrzut J. , Tomaszewska E. , Muszyński S. , Wojtysiak D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe negative effect of caponization on the structural, geometric and mechanical parameters of femur and tibia has been shown in a few studies. Nevertheless, its influence on tibia bone microarchitecture is still largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of castration on the microstructural parameters of the trabecular and compact bone of tibia bone in crossbred chickens. The experiment involved 96 roosters derived from crossing Yellowleg Partridge hens ($${\dot{\text{Z}}}$$

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-33) and Rhode Island Red cockerels (R-11) fattened until the 16th, 20th and 24th week of life. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups of 48 each. Group I (control) consisted of intact roosters and group II (experimental) consisted of birds subjected to caponization at the 8th week of age. The castration surgery had no influence on some properties within compact bone such as osteon diameter On.Dm, osteon perimeter On.Pm, osteon area On.Ar, osteocyte lacunar number Ot.Lc.N, osteon bone area On.B.Ar, osteon wall thickness On.W.Th as well as thick-mature collagen content in all analyzed age groups of animals. Nevertheless, our results demonstrate that castration caused a decrease of Haversian canal area Hc.Ar, osteocyte lacunar area Ot.Lc.Ar and osteocyte lacunar porosity Ot.Lc.Po among the 16-week-old birds, decrease of Haversian canal perimeter Hc.Pm and increase of fraction of bone area On.B.Ar/On.Ar among 16- and 24-week-old individuals and also an increase of osteocyte lacunar density Ot.Lc.Dn in the osteons of the oldest roosters. Additionally, some microstructural parameters of trabecular bone show the negative effect of caponization. The youngest 16-week-old capons were characterized by thinnin the trabecular in the epiphysis part of tibia. Moreover, in the case of 24-week-old, there is an increase in the trabecular separation Tb.Sp with simultaneous decrease of trabecular number Tb.N compared to roosters, which may suggest the increase of the bone resorption among the oldest individuals. The increased bone turnover in the epiphysis part of the tibia bone also indicates changes in the collagen fibers distribution, where among 20-week-old animals there is a decrease in the content of immature thin collagen fibers with simultaneous increase in the content of mature thick collagen fibers. Furthermore, among the oldest 24-week-old individuals we can observe the increased thick-to-thin collagen ratio, which may be a sign of slowing down in bone formation.
SEGCN: a subgraph encoding based graph convolutional network model for social bot detection
Authors: Liu Feng , Li Zhenyu , Yang Chunfang , Gong Daofu , Lu Haoyu , Liu Fenlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMessage passing neural networks such as graph convolutional networks (GCN) can jointly consider various types of features for social bot detection. However, the expressive power of GCN is upper-bounded by the 1st-order Weisfeiler–Leman isomorphism test, which limits the detection performance for the social bots. In this paper, we propose a subgraph encoding based GCN model, SEGCN, with stronger expressive power for social bot detection. Each node representation of this model is computed as the encoding of a surrounding induced subgraph rather than encoding of immediate neighbors only. Extensive experimental results on two publicly available datasets, Twibot-20 and Twibot-22, showed that the proposed model improves the accuracy of the state-of-the-art social bot detection models by around 2.4%, 3.1%, respectively.
EORTC-SPECTA Arcagen study, comprehensive genomic profiling and treatment adaptation of rare thoracic cancers
Authors: Tagliamento Marco , Morfouace Marie , Loizides Charalambos , Oliveira Julio , Greillier Laurent , Raimbourg Judith , Toffart Anne-Claire , Chatellier Thierry , Cloarec Nicolas , Sullivan Ivana , Brasiuniene Birute , Duruisseaux Michael , Oselin Kersti , Robert Marie-Sophie , Fernandes Carolina , Poncin Arnaud , Blay Jean-Yves , Besse Benjamin , Girard Nicolas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractArcagen (NCT02834884) is a European prospective study aiming at defining the molecular landscape of rare cancers for treatment guidance. We present data from the cohort of rare thoracic tumors. Patients with advanced pleural mesothelioma (PM) or thymic epithelial tumors (TET) underwent genomic profiling with large targeted assay [>300 genes, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) status] on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) or plasma samples. EORTC molecular tumor board (MTB) advised for biomarker-guided treatments. 102 patients recruited from 8 countries between July 2019 and May 2022 were evaluable: 56 with PM, 46 with TET (23 thymomas, 23 thymic carcinomas). Molecular profiling was performed on 70 FFPE samples (42 PM, 28 TET), and 32 cases on ctDNA (14 PM, 18 TET), within a median turnaround time of 8 days from sample reception. We detected relevant molecular alterations in 66 out of 102 patients (65%; 79% PM, 48% TET), 51 of 70 FFPE samples (73%; 90% PM, 46% TET), and 15 of 32 plasma samples (47%; 43% PM, 50% TET). The most frequently altered genes were CDKN2A/B, BAP1, MTAP in PM and TP53, CDKN2A/B, SETD2 in TET. The TMB was low (mean 3.2 Muts/MB), 2 PM had MSI-high status. MTB advised molecular-guided treatment options in 32 situations, for 17 PM and 15 TET patients (75% clinical trial option, 22% off-label drug or compassionate use, 3% early access program). Molecular testing and MTB discussion were feasible for patients with rare thoracic cancers and allowed the broadening of treatment options for 30% of the cases.
Transcriptional condensates: a blessing or a curse for gene regulation?
Authors: Stortz Martin , Presman Diego M. , Levi Valeria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhether phase-separation is involved in the organization of the transcriptional machinery and if it aids or inhibits the transcriptional process is a matter of intense debate. In this Mini Review, we will cover the current knowledge regarding the role of transcriptional condensates on gene expression regulation. We will summarize the latest discoveries on the relationship between condensate formation, genome organization, and transcriptional activity, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of the experimental approaches used to interrogate these aspects of transcription in living cells. Finally, we will discuss the challenges for future research.
Priority index for critical Covid-19 identifies clinically actionable targets and drugs
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Shan , Jiang Lulu , Wei Jianwen , Lu Chang , Li Shengli , Diao Yizhu , Fang Zhongcheng , He Shuo , Tan Tingting , Yang Yisheng , Zou Kexin , Shi Jiantao , Lin James , Chen Liye , Bao Chaohui , Fei Jian , Fang Hai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile genome-wide studies have identified genomic loci in hosts associated with life-threatening Covid-19 (critical Covid-19), the challenge of resolving these loci hinders further identification of clinically actionable targets and drugs. Building upon our previous success, we here present a priority index solution designed to address this challenge, generating the target and drug resource that consists of two indexes: the target index and the drug index. The primary purpose of the target index is to identify clinically actionable targets by prioritising genes associated with Covid-19. We illustrate the validity of the target index by demonstrating its ability to identify pre-existing Covid-19 phase-III drug targets, with the majority of these targets being found at the leading prioritisation (leading targets). These leading targets have their evolutionary origins in Amniota (‘four-leg vertebrates’) and are predominantly involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and JAK-STAT signaling. The drug index highlights opportunities for repurposing clinically approved JAK-STAT inhibitors, either individually or in combination. This proposed strategic focus on the JAK-STAT pathway is supported by the active pursuit of therapeutic agents targeting this pathway in ongoing phase-II/III clinical trials for Covid-19.