bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil and water conservation effects of different tillage measures on phaeozems sloping farmland in northeast China
Authors: Yu Peizhe , Yang Tianqi , Zhang Zhongxue , Zhou Xin , Qi Zhijuan , Yin Zhihao , Li Ao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConventional tillage is still widely practiced in phaeozems sloping farmland, which leads to serious soil erosion. Adopting effective farming methods is crucial for mitigating soil erosion. To prevent and control soil and water loss in phaeozems sloping farmland, field experiments were conducted in 2022 using three tillage methods and their combination modes: subsoiling tillage (SF), ridge tillage and pitting field (RF), ridge tillage and pitting field + subsoiling tillage (RF‐S), contour tillage (TP), contour tillage + ridge tillage and pitting field (TP‐R), and contour tillage + subsoiling tillage (TP‐S). The study aimed to assess the impact these different tillage methods on soil and water conservation. The results showed that the contour tillage + ridge field treatment significantly reduced surface runoff and soil loss (p < 0.05), with no observed nutrient loss. Compared with other treatments, this method significantly reduced runoff, erosion, and nutrient loss. In contrast, the contour tillage + subsoiling tillage treatment significantly decreased the soil three‐phase R‐value, improved the soil texture, and exhibited higher yield, harvest index, and water use efficiency (WUE) compared to alternative treatments. Overall, the comprehensive findings indicate that contour tillage + subsoiling tillage can reduce soil erosion, enhance soil quality, and improve the WUE, all while maintaining high production capacity. Furthermore, the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for conserving soil and water resources, improving soil fertility, and increasing farmland yield in the phaeozems area of northeast China.
Study on the solution algorithm of Reynolds equation of self‐acting gas journal bearings based on a finite difference method
Authors: Haijun Zhang , Qin Yang , Wei Zhao , Feilong Jiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is very crucial to solve the Reynolds equation quickly and accurately using the numerical methods in the research field of fluid lubrication. For the static Reynolds equation of self‐acting gas journal bearings, the typical solution algorithm of the finite difference method is put forward and a new solution algorithm of the finite difference method is proposed. Secondly, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically with the same parameters and the pressure distribution of gas bearings is obtained. Finally, the numerical solution from the new solution algorithm can be obtained with less number of iterations and the less computing time under the different computational grids and bearing numbers. Therefore, the new solution algorithm of the finite difference method is superior to the typical solution algorithm of the finite difference method.
CXCR4/CXCL12 axis: “old” pathway as “novel” target for anti‐inflammatory drug discovery
Authors: Lu Liuxin , Li Junjie , Jiang Xiaoying , Bai Renren 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInflammation is the body's defense response to exogenous or endogenous stimuli, involving complex regulatory mechanisms. Discovering anti‐inflammatory drugs with both effectiveness and long‐term use safety is still the direction of researchers' efforts. The inflammatory pathway was initially identified to be involved in tumor metastasis and HIV infection. However, research in recent years has proved that the CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)/CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) axis plays a critical role in the upstream of the inflammatory pathway due to its chemotaxis to inflammatory cells. Blocking the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells by CXCL12 at the inflammatory site may block and alleviate the inflammatory response. Therefore, developing CXCR4 antagonists has become a novel strategy for anti‐inflammatory therapy. This review aimed to systematically summarize and analyze the mechanisms of action of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in more than 20 inflammatory diseases, highlighting its crucial role in inflammation. Additionally, the anti‐inflammatory activities of CXCR4 antagonists were discussed. The findings might help generate new perspectives for developing anti‐inflammatory drugs targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis.
Blockage loss and shadow fading behavior of millimeter‐wave signals due to human bodies at 28 GHz
Authors: Benzaghta Mohamed , Gokdogan Bengisu Yalcinkaya , Coruk Remziye Busra , Kara Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs the millimeter‐wave (mm‐Wave) spectrum is considered to be an essential enabler to the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems. Human movements are one of the most significant factors that cause transient blockage in indoor mm‐wave channels. In this letter, human blockage measurements and shadow fading statistics due to human body movements in an indoor office environment are reported for the 28 GHz band. The effect of human bodies on the channel is measured for several scenarios including a variety of population and using diverse antenna heights. The reported shadow fading statistics include both the duration and the depth of the blockage fade, and accordingly, we propose several empirical models that cater for such blockage events. The findings reported in this letter could improve the modeling of indoor radio channels at 28 GHz bands by considering the presence of humans, as well as their movements.
Exploring the cognitive processes of both Arabic and English‐speaking patients when completing the brief pain inventory: A qualitative study
Authors: Patel Gopi , Brady Bernadette , McMullan Matthew , Tang Clarice 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBrief Pain Inventory (BPI) is one of the most commonly used self‐initiated questionnaire for people with chronic pain. Although the questionnaire has been translated into multiple different languages and tested for its inter‐tester reliability, no study has currently explored the differences in interpretation of this questionnaire between non‐English speakers as compared to English‐speakers.PurposeUsing the Arabic‐language group as the comparator, this study explored the interpretation of the English and Arabic language Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) among participants living with chronic neuromusculoskeletal pain from Arabic‐ and English‐speaking backgrounds.MethodsThis qualitative study utilises the Think Aloud method to explore the differences in the interpretation of the BPI between two language groups. Consecutive consenting adults attending a tertiary pain clinic for management of a chronic neuromusculoskeletal pain condition and self‐identifying with a native English‐speaking (n = 15) or Arabic‐speaking (n = 15) background were included. Structured interviews using the think‐aloud method were conducted, audio‐recorded and analysed using coding and thematic analysis.ResultsInterpretation errors across three or more questions were recorded for all Arabic‐speaking participants and two English‐speaking participants. Three themes characterised appraisals of pain and interpretation of the BPI across the two cohorts: 1) pain constancy vs. variability, 2) the ability‐disability spectrum and 3) variance in expression of pain.ConclusionCross‐cultural differences in the appraisal of pain influenced participants' interpretation of the BPI. The cultural influences on conceptualisation of pain need to be considered when using the BPI across different cultures.
Early in life stressful events induce chronic visceral pain and changes in bladder function in adult female mice through a mechanism involving TRPV1 and alpha 1A adrenoceptors
Authors: Matos Rita , Santos‐Leite Liliana , Cruz Francisco , Charrua Ana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundInterstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic pain disorder with multiple phenotypes, one of which is associated with an overactive adrenergic system.ObjectiveWe investigated if the maternal deprivation model (MDM) in female and male mice mimics IC/BPS phenotype and if the overstimulation of alpha 1A adrenoceptor (A1AAR) and the crosstalk with transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) are involved in the generation of pain and bladder functional changes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsC57BL/6 female and male mice were submitted to MDM. TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice were used to study TRPV1 involvement. Silodosin administration to MDM mice was used to study A1AAR involvement.Outcome Measurements and Statistical AnalysisThe primary outcome was chronic visceral pain measured by Von Frey filaments analysis (effect size: 3 for wild type, 3.9 for TRPV1 KO). Bladder changes were secondary outcome measurements. Unpaired T test, Mann–Whitney test, one‐way analysis of variance followed by Newman–Keuls multiple comparisons test, and Kruskal–Wallis followed by Dunn's multiple comparisons test were used where appropriate.Results and LimitationsMDM induces pain behavior in female and not in male mice. Bladder afferents seem sensitize as MDM also increase the number of small volume spots voided, the bladder reflex activity, and urothelial damage. These changes were similarly absent after A1AAR blockade with silodosin or by TRPV1 gene KO. The main limitation is the number/type of pain tests used.ConclusionsMDM induced in female mice is able to mimic IC/BPS phenotype, through mechanisms involving A1AAR and TRPV1. Therefore, the modulation of both receptors may represent a therapeutic approach to treat IC/BPS patients.
Matrix‐less methods for the spectral approximation of large non‐Hermitian Toeplitz matrices: A concise theoretical analysis and a numerical study
Authors: Bogoya Manuel , Ekström Sven‐Erik , Serra‐Capizzano Stefano , Vassalos Paris 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is known that the generating function of a sequence of Toeplitz matrices may not describe the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues of the considered matrix sequence in the non‐Hermitian setting. In a recent work, under the assumption that the eigenvalues are real, admitting an asymptotic expansion whose first term is the distribution function, fast algorithms computing all the spectra were proposed in different settings. In the current work, we extend this idea to non‐Hermitian Toeplitz matrices with complex eigenvalues, in the case where the range of the generating function does not disconnect the complex field or the limiting set of the spectra, as the matrix‐size tends to infinity, has one nonclosed analytic arc. For a generating function having a power singularity, we prove the existence of an asymptotic expansion, that can be used as a theoretical base for the respective numerical algorithm. Different generating functions are explored, highlighting different numerical and theoretical aspects; for example, non‐Hermitian and complex symmetric matrix sequences, the reconstruction of the generating function, a consistent eigenvalue ordering, the requirements of high‐precision data types. Several numerical experiments are reported and critically discussed, and avenues of possible future research are presented.
Gilbert's syndrome leads to elevated bilirubin after initiation of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in people with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Patel Nidhi , Ansar Maria , Pham Anh , Thomsen Kelly , McKinzie Cameron J. , Polineni Deepika , Esther Charles R. , Brown Rebekah F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNine people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) were found to have isolated elevations in serum total bilirubin after starting elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) that were associated with Gilbert's Syndrome. In longitudinal examination, total bilirubin levels increased substantially after initiation of ETI without elevations in liver transaminases in those with this syndrome. Because elevated bilirubin levels in Gilbert's Syndrome are benign, ETI was able to be continued in these individuals. Genetic testing for this relatively common syndrome should be strongly considered for pwCF experiencing isolated hyperbilirubinemia after starting ETI, since appropriate diagnosis may help pwCF avoid unnecessary interruption in this therapy with significant health benefits in CF.
Comparison of particles in exhaled air and multiple breath washout for assessment of small airway function in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Zwitserloot Annelies M. , Verhoog Frank A. , van den Berge Maarten , Gappa Monika , Oosterom Helma W. , Willemse Brigitte W. M. , Koppelman Gerard H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of modulator therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF) has led to an increased interest in the detection of small airway disease (SAD) as sensitive marker of treatment response. The particles in exhaled air (PExA) method, which records exhaled particle mass (PEx ng/L) and number (PExNR), detects SAD in adult patients. Our primary aim was to investigate if PExA outcomes in children with CF are different when compared to controls and associated with more severe disease. Secondary aims were to assess feasibility and repeatability of PExA in children with CF and to correlate PExA to multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) as an established marker of SAD.MethodsThirteen healthy children (HC), 17 children with CF with normal lung function (CF‐N) (FEV1 z‐score ≥ −1.64) and six with airway obstruction (CF‐AO) (FEV1 z‐score < −1.64) between 8 and 18 years performed MBNW followed by PExA and spirometry. Children with CF repeated the measurements after 3 months.ResultsPEx ng/L and PExNR/L per liter of exhaled breath were similar between the three groups. The lung clearance index (LCI) was significantly higher in both CF‐N and CF‐AO compared to HC. All participants, except one, were able to perform PExA. Coefficient of variation for PEx ng/l was (median) 0.38, range 0–1.25 and PExNR/l 0.38, 0–1.09. Correlation between LCI and PEx ng/l was low, rs 0.32 (p = .07).ConclusionPExA is feasible in children. In contrast to LCI, PExA did not differentiate healthy children from children with CF suggesting it to be a less sensitive tool to detect SAD.
Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression
Authors: Mondal Arijit , Banerjee Sabyasachi , Terang Wearank , Bishayee Anusha , Zhang Jie , Ren Li , da Silva Milton Nascimento , Bishayee Anupam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCancer profoundly influences morbidity and fatality rates worldwide. Patients often have dismal prognoses despite recent improvements in cancer therapy regimens. However, potent biomolecules derived from natural sources, including medicinal and dietary plants, contain biological and pharmacological properties to prevent and treat various human malignancies. Capsaicin is a bioactive phytocompound present in red hot chili peppers. Capsaicin has demonstrated many biological effects, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This review highlights the cellular and molecular pathways through which capsaicin exhibits antineoplastic activities. Our work also depicts the synergistic anticancer properties of capsaicin in conjunction with other natural bioactive components and approved anticancer drugs. Capsaicin inhibits proliferation in various cancerous cells, and its antineoplastic actions in numerous in vitro and in vivo carcinoma models impact oncogenesis, tumor‐promoting and suppressor genes, and associated signaling pathways. Capsaicin alone or combined with other phytocompounds or approved antineoplastic drugs triggers cell cycle progression arrest, generating reactive oxygen species and disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity, ultimately stimulating caspases and promoting death. Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c‐Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high‐quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
‘I knew which one I wanted’: Interviews with Illinois patients to explore abortion method decision‐making after insurance expansion
Authors: Turner Tecora , Quasebarth Madeline , Boesche Madeleine , Moore Amy , Stulberg Debra B. , Hasselbacher Lee A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo understand patient preferences around early abortion methods and care‐seeking during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in a state that expanded insurance coverage for abortion care.MethodsWe conducted phone interviews between July 2021 and February 2022 with 50 Illinois residents (aged 18–45) who had recently sought abortion at 18 clinics throughout Illinois at or before 11 weeks of pregnancy. We used a semistructured interview guide to explore preferences, motivations and decision‐making around the abortion method. We coded transcripts and used code summaries to conduct a thematic content analysis.ResultsHalf of the participants chose medication abortion, and half chose procedural abortion. Some participants relied upon their past abortion experiences to choose a method. Participants' reasons for choosing medication abortion included home setting with support persons, the noninvasive nature, desiring a more ‘natural’ experience or negative perceptions of procedural abortions. Participants choosing procedural abortions valued increased certainty of completion, the option of sedation and the defined timeline of a clinic visit with fewer physical side effects. Some participants without insurance coverage were motivated to select a method based on cost. Around half of the participants expressed interest in considering a telehealth abortion.ConclusionsPatients cited complex and personal preferences influencing their method selection; when cost barriers were reduced, preferences centred physical or emotional experiences, setting, effectiveness and timing. As abortion access is increasingly restricted, many patients may still highly value a choice between medication and procedural abortion when possible.
In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Benzimidazole‐Based Compounds
Authors: Bouchekioua Saad , Akkoc Senem , Menacer Rafik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractColon cancer remains a significant health concern, necessitating the synthesis of novel therapeutic agents. Benzimidazole derivatives have shown promising anticancer potential. In this study, two benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized, and their antiproliferative activities were investigated in vitro against the human colon colorectal cancer cell line and the human normal lung fibroblast cell line. The cell viability revealed that molecule 3 had high antiproliferative activity and inhibited the growth of DLD‐1 cells for 48 h. Furthermore, molecule 3 was found to have more selectivity against the human normal cell line. Computational calculations were performed to predict the molecular properties of molecules using the B3LYP/6‐311++(2d,2p) density functional theory level. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and energy decomposition analysis (EDA) were utilized to investigate the nature of the interatomic bonding existing among the studied molecules. The ultraviolet‐visible (UV–vis) results for molecules were calculated using time‐dependent density‐functional theory (TD‐DFT). The chemical reactivity and molecular stability were also investigated by DFT computational analysis. The molecular docking and dynamics simulations were conducted, and their results reveal their concordance with the experimental results. Molecule 3 has better anti‐cancer activity against colon cancer targets (PDB ID: 2HQ6) compared to molecule 2.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Promoted Construction of Amide‐Linked COFs via the Oxidation of Imine‐Linked COFs with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Yu Song‐Chen , Cheng Liang , Liu Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhile amide‐linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant research attention due to their stability, there is currently no universal method for creating amide‐linked COFs with diverse chemical structures. Here, we present a gentle, precise, and versatile synthetic approach to amide‐linked COFs using N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐mediated oxidation with molecular oxygen as the oxidant. This approach is gentle and selective, and even fragile functional groups like thioethers are able to survive the transformation. Additionally, this method does not require dangerous conditions such as high pressure or strong oxidants, making it a promising way to create functional amide‐linked COFs.
Behavior of textile‐reinforced concrete columns
Authors: dos Santos Fernanda Cristinna Alonso , Campos Claudia Maria de Oliveira , Cardoso Daniel Carlos Taissum 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work aims to investigate the behavior of textile‐reinforced concrete (TRC) members subject to compressive loads. An experimental program including concentric compression tests on I‐section columns with different lengths and simply‐supported ends was carried out. From compression tests, load versus lateral deflection curves obtained experimentally are reported along with maximum loads and apparent imperfections determined using the Southwell technique. Failure modes were characterized by excessive lateral deflections for longer columns, whereas concrete crushing failure due to combined bending and axial load occurred for shorter columns. Surrounding concrete was effective in restraining the textile reinforcement against buckling, allowing it to sustain the compressive loads. A single degree‐of‐freedom model accounting for normal‐moment‐curvature relation and tension stiffening behavior is validated against experiments and used to carry out a parametric study. Results show that the nonsway moment magnification method recommended by the ACI Code 440.11‐22 can be applied to TRC columns, although leading to overestimated second‐order effects.
Data acquired on some old reinforced concrete structures to validate the threshold levels of the French performance‐based method for the durability of concrete structures
Authors: Godart Bruno , Dierkens Michael , Cordier Nathalie , Thauvin Benoit , Bouichou Myriam , Marie‐Victoire Elisabeth 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to present the methodology used to validate the threshold levels of durability indicators from data acquired from existing reinforced concrete structures that may present corrosion problems resulting from carbonation or chloride ingress. This study was conducted in the framework of the French National Project PERFDUB in close collaboration with the MODEVIE ANR project. Durability tests form the basis of a performance‐based approach for the durability of concrete structures, and in order to set the threshold level for each of these durability indicators, it is important to take into account the experience feedback that can be obtained from the actual behavior of existing structures. This paper presents the investigations carried out on eight reinforced concrete structures, all of them having an age well in excess of 50 years, and the main data gathered on some relevant durability and lifetime indicators. Based on all these data, predictive models of carbonation and chloride penetration are applied in order to validate the threshold levels to be adopted for the durability indicators, and several other conclusions are drawn.