bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procedural opportunities of the victim in a criminal trial
Authors: Popovych Ruslan , Klymchuk Mykhaylo 
Published: December 2023

The scientific study is devoted to clarifying the procedural possibilities of the victim’s participation in an adversarial judicial criminal process, based on which recommendations were developed aimed at improving the tactics of conducting certain procedural actions, as well as the provisions of the criminal procedural legislation, which regulate the procedure for the victim’s participation at the stage of the trial. It is substantiated that legal guarantees of the realization of the procedural rights of the victim at the stage of the trial are aimed at creating certain opportunities for the victim in the examination of evidence, prevention (prevention) of violations by other participants in criminal proceedings, termination of violations of procedural rights and restoration of the violated right. It was determined that the basic legal guarantees of the victim during the trial include the following procedural possibilities: to be informed in advance about the time and place of the trial; submit evidence to the court and participate in their direct examination; to file objections and motions; to ensure safety for oneself, close relatives or members of one’s family, property and housing; give explanations, statements or refuse to give them; to challenge decisions, actions or inaction of authorized persons; support the prosecution in court in case the prosecutor refuses to support the state prosecution; to appeal court decisions in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine and others. Also, in order to provide additional guarantees for the realization of the rights of the victim in the adversarial criminal process, arguments are given for making relevant changes to the Code of Criminal Procedure of Ukraine in terms of: establishing for the victim the opportunity to be present when the preventive measure is selected, changed or canceled, to provide explanations and evidence to support their position, as well as the right to appeal decisions on the specified issues; indicating that the interrogation of the victim begins with the proposal of the presiding judge to give testimony regarding the criminal proceedings, after which his interrogation is carried out by applying direct and cross-examination.
Armed conflict and the legal system: some directions of influence
Authors: Popovych Tereziia , Topolnytska Mariana 
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work is to analyze the ways in which armed conflicts affect the legal system and its components, in particular: institutional, functional, normative and ideological.
The methodological basis of the study is a system of methods, scientific approaches, techniques and principles that were aimed at achieving the study objectives. Universal, general scientific and special legal methods were used. Thus, for example, the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction allowed to generalize the acquired knowledge, which became the basis of scientific intelligence.
Results. The armed conflict is an important factor that affects all spheres of society, including the legal system as a complex system of legal phenomena. Armed conflicts pose a real threat to existing legal systems and inevitably lead to their transformation. This necessitates their in-depth scientific analysis, which undoubtedly determines the relevance of the topic under study. In order to achieve the goal of the study, the authors characterized each component of the legal system (institutional, functional, normative and ideological) and paid attention to their corresponding changes that took place as a result of the influence of the armed conflict on them.
Conclusions. The article outlines a scheme for analyzing the impact of armed conflict on the legal system, and in particular, it is proposed that it should be characterized by the degree of impact on the components of the legal system, namely, institutional, functional, normative and ideological. These components of the legal system contain most of the legal phenomena that reflect the patterns of its development during armed conflict. Although the armed conflict affects the legal system in general, the greatest impact is on the institutional and normative components, especially with regard to the concept of human rights, changes in the legal status of subjects, increasing influence of international law, changes in the correlation between international and national law, and the emergence of new areas requiring legal regulation.
General characteristics of decisions within the disciplinary proceedings against a judge as a subject of judicial appeal
Authors: Smaliuk Roman , Klymchuk Mykhailo 
Published: December 2023

Improving the procedure for bringing judges to disciplinary responsibility is one of the important elements of judicial reform and strengthening the independence, professionalism and integrity of the judiciary. An integral element of such a procedure, on which its effectiveness largely depends, is judicial control over the decisions of the disciplinary body of judges. The article attempts to analyze the existing procedure for disciplinary proceedings against a judge from the perspective of the possibilities of judicial appeal against decisions made within this procedure.
The aim of the work is to analyze the procedure for disciplinary proceedings against a judge, to identify the decisions which may be made within this procedure and to analyze them from the perspective of the possibilities of judicial appeal through the prism of the Supreme Court case law.
The methodological basis of the study consists of general scientific and special research methods.
Based on the results of the study, the author analyzed the statutory regulation of the procedure for disciplinary proceedings against a judge and the relevant case law of the Supreme Court. The results of the analysis showed that currently, decisions made within the framework of disciplinary proceedings against judges are not subject to judicial review, and only decisions of the High Council of Justice made upon review of the decision of the Disciplinary Chamber to bring judges to disciplinary responsibility can be appealed in court. The validity of such restrictions should be the subject of further research. In addition, certain provisions of the legislation on the possibility of appealing against decisions of the Disciplinary Chamber appear to be discriminatory, which has been recognized by the state.
Udicial bodies as subjects of the protection of the rights of citizens of Ukraine to a safe environment for life and health in Ukraine: administrative and legal aspect
Authors: Kostiuk Uliana 
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the human right to an environment safe for life and health, the administrative and legal status of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health, modern tools of the activity of judicial bodies as subjects of rights protection citizens in this area.
The aim of the work is to investigate the current state and directions for improving the effectiveness of judicial bodies as subjects of administrative and legal protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health.
The methodological basis of the study includes general scientific and special research methods, in particular the method of system analysis, structural-functional, formal-legal and others.
The article emphasizes that the complex and extensive system of judicial bodies directs its activities to protect the environmental rights of Ukrainian citizens from illegal legal acts, decisions, actions (inaction) of state bodies, local self-government bodies, other bodies, officials, and civil servants; to protect the environmental rights of Ukrainian citizens from encroachments in the form of administrative offenses, from encroachment on the environmental rights of citizens, etc.
The article examines typical problems of ensuring citizens’ access to justice on issues of environmental protection.
Results. It is recognized that in modern conditions, it is necessary to improve the administrative and legal status of judicial bodies as subjects of protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health in Ukraine, and to strengthen judicial control in the environmental sphere.
Conclusions. It is appropriate to state that the development of administrative and legal protection of the right of citizens to an environment safe for life and health is connected with the implementation of standards of good governance recognized in Europe, including legality and transparency of the decision-making process, open access to information, perfect administration, effective financial and budget management, control, supervision, responsibility. It is important in modern conditions to improve both material and procedural administrative legislation, review administrative procedures, and institutional changes, which in general should be aimed at transforming judicial bodies into important subjects of the implementation of the human rights function regarding the right of citizens to safe life and health environment, whose functioning is based on the ideas of people-centeredness and the priority of protecting the rights and interests of the individual.
Use of digital evidence in criminal process: some issues of right to privacy protection
Authors: Prysiazhniuk Ivan 
Published: December 2023

The rapid development of digital technologies makes life easier in many ways. One of these advantages is the ability to use digital evidence in criminal proceedings. At the same time, this gives rise to new challenges in protecting the right to privacy, since digital evidence often contains a large amount of personal information. Thus, the author of the article aims at exploring the issues of balance between the use of digital evidence in criminal justice and the protection of the right to privacy.
The research methodology includes an analysis of scientific publications, current legal provisions, case law, and international standards. The author of the article emphasizes that, on the one hand, the legislation operates with the concept of “digital evidence” and emphasizes the possibility of its use. On the other hand, the norms of international law and Ukrainian legislation determine the need to respect the right of every person to privacy. This raises the issue of combining these two phenomena.
An analysis of the ECtHR case law has shown that this issue is important. The Court does not consider digital evidence, the acquisition of which has led to a violation of the right to privacy, to be legitimate. Based on the analysis of the case law, the author emphasizes the critical importance of the right to privacy as a basic human right that should be upheld even during a criminal investigation.
The results indicate the need for clear legislative regulation of the use of digital evidence, ensuring its proportionality, and the need to take into account the right to privacy as a fundamental right. The conclusions of the article emphasize the importance of international standards and case law in shaping approaches to the use of digital evidence, with a particular focus on the protection of the right to privacy in the context of criminal justice. The author also proposes a number of approaches that can ensure the lawful and appropriate use of digital evidence.
Karakteristik Generasi Z dan Kesiapannya dalam Menghadapi Bonus Demografi 2030
Authors: Sekar Arum Lingga , Amira Zahrani  , Duha Nickyta Arcindy 
Published: December 2023

Indonesia akan mengalami puncak bonus demografi pada tahun 2030 mendatang. Pada masa itu, jumlah penduduk berusia produktif akan lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penduduk usia non-produktif. Bahkan, jumlah penduduk usia produktif diprediksi akan berada pada puncak tertingginya sepanjang sejarah. Kesiapan adalah keseluruhan kondisi suatu individu yang menjadikannya siap dalam memberikan jawaban atau respon dengan cara tertentu terhadap suatu situasi dan kondisi yang sedang dihadapinya. Generasi Z adalah generasi yang lahir di rentang tahun antara 1997 sampai 2012, tepatnya setelah generasi millenium atau generasi Y. Karakteristik adalah suatu sifat atau ciri yang dapat memperbaiki kualitas hidup. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan dan mengutip data-data dari literatur dan laporan yang dirilis oleh Badan Pusat Statistik. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik figital, realistis, dan do it yourself (D.I.Y.) merupakan 3 karakter generasi Z yang paling ideal dan relevan terhadap prospek bonus demografi 2030. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa upaya mematangkan karakteristik dengan pembentukan dan pendidikan karakter sangat penting untuk menghasilkan soft skill yang pada akhirnya dapat membantu generasi Z dalam menghadapi bonus demografi 2030.
Voice hearing in refugees survivors of traumatic events
Authors: Barbieri Alberto , Visco-Comandini Federica , Alunni Fegatelli Danilo , Dessì Anna , Cannella Giuseppe , Stellacci Antonella , De Lucia Giulia , Maulucci Lucia 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Voice hearing (VH) is commonly associated with psychosis but it has also been reported in PTSD. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the prevalence of VH in a sample of 110 treatment-seeking trauma-affected refugees, and to examine the relative role of certain interpersonal traumatic events (i.e., torture, inprisonment, sexual assault, non-sexual assault), PTSD severity as well as a range of socio-demographic variables in the emergence of VH.
Methods: VH was operationalised in accordance with item 27 of Dissociative Experiences Scale-II. PTSD symptoms were assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). The relationship between potential predictor variables and VH was analyzed using binary logistic regression.
Results: The VH prevalence rate in our sample was 29.1%. Among traumatic events only torture significantly predicted the emergence of VH. Also PTSD severity and a higher degree of education were significantly associated with VH.
Discussion: Our study confirms that the experience of VH is relatively frequent in refugee population surviving traumatic events. Moreover, this study suggests the construct validity of severe PTSD with VH related to specific interpersonal traumatic events such as torture. These findings have important diagnostic and therapeutic implications, as increased awareness by clinicians that VH is not uncommon in trauma-affected refugees can potentially reduce misdiagnosis, e.g., by preventing cases of PTSD from being misidentified as psychosis. It is crucial to provide health care professionals with adequate knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of these particularly complex patterns of post-traumatic disorders in refugees, as they are increasingly present in daily clinical practice in both developing and high-income countries.
Managing the Transition Process to Society 5.0
Authors: Ćoćkalo Dragan , Tadić Dijana , Bakator Mihalj , Stanisavljev Sanja , Makitan Vesna 
Published: December 2023

Research Question: In this paper, the processes that characterize the transition process to Society 5.0 are analysed. Motivation: The wide application of Industry 4.0 technologies has positively affected the economic aspects of conducting business. However, issues arise in the social and ecological aspects. Overcoming these challenges is not an easy task for both enterprises and countries as well. Multiple processes across multiple industries take place that pave the way towards a new business and social paradigm – Society 5.0. The main goal was to determine what processes characterize the transition to Society 5.0 and how managing some of these processes can affect the transition. Additionally, the role of managers in Society 5.0 is discussed. This is important, as the number of studies that address this subject in this manner is small. The motivation is to expand the existing body of literature in this domain. Idea: The main idea was to conduct a systematic review of studies regarding Society 5.0 from various aspects. Based on the findings, the role of managers is investigated. In addition, a theoretical model of the transition process is developed. Data: For this review study, 54 papers from credible sources were qualitatively analysed. The papers refer to Society 5.0 in various domains (sustainability, business, environment, ICTs, education, technology, data, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0 etc.). Tools: The well-established PRISMA protocol was used for the review process. The findings were noted and labelled for easier development of the theoretical model. Findings: The findings and the developed model indicate the imperative role of managers across all industries for organic and sustainable results that come from the transition processes. Managers must embrace change and thrive towards the concept of Society 5.0 when it comes to conducting business. Contribution: The results of the review contribute to the existing body of literature, as there are few studies that address Society 5.0 in this manner.
Performance Evaluation of A Peer-to-peer Wireless Ad-hoc Network
Authors: Adegoke A. S.  , Okpeki U. K.  , Olabisi P. O.  , Olukoya B. M.  
Published: December 2023

This paper has investigated the performance of a peer-to-peer wireless Adhoc network in an indoor and outdoor environment. The objective is to assess the network performance using metrics such as throughput, packet loss, packet latency and packet delivery ratio (PDR). In the investigation, two measurement locations were chosen; Location 1 (an indoor) and Location 2 (an outdoor). At each of these locations, data packets of 28.6MB was deployed in successions across the network and the responses were observed at the client’s node in real-time mode. Results of the experimentations at both locations show packet losses across the network which is more pronounced at Location 2 (outdoor). Also, higher packet latency was recorded at Location 2 compared to Location 1. The investigation results were compared with similar research works to validate the accuracy of our work. It was thus inferred that between the two locations, the outdoor environment shows a low level of reliability in terms of network performance. A knowledge of these performance metrics is essential for network administrators, engineers and researchers for proper network planning, design and deployment.
Talc
Authors: Ierardi A. Michael , Burns Amanda M. , Bernstein David M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTalc (Mg3Si4O10(OH)2), a hydrated magnesium silicate, consists of magnesium (Mg), silicon and oxygen (SiO2, silica), and water. Inhalation of talc – in particular, cosmetic‐grade talc – has been implicated as a causal agent of mesothelioma among consumers due to the potential presence of trace levels of asbestos. Over the past several decades, the scientific community has taken several steps to evaluate this hypothesis from a human health risk assessment perspective. This chapter presents a summary of the available animal toxicology, epidemiology, and exposure data related to this topic. The focus of this chapter is primarily on cosmetic‐grade talc, as the relatively pure talc used in cosmetic applications provides the best source of data for evaluating the health effects of the mineral itself. The current weight of evidence suggests that relatively pure talc, which is used in cosmetics, as well as other consumer products, does not pose a carcinogenic health risk upon inhalation.
Splenic hemangioendothelial neoplasm in a captive Northern Snakehead from the Potomac River
Authors: Walsh Heather L. , Blazer Vicki S. , Wolf Jeffrey C. , Densmore Christine L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
At the U.S. Geological Survey Leetown Research Laboratory in Kearneysville, West Virginia, an approximately 3-year-old, captive-held Northern Snakehead Channa argus with clinical signs of abdominal distention died and was necropsied 1 day after an examination under anesthesia. A mass discovered in the midcoelomic cavity, presumed to be deformed spleen, was comprised of large, pseudocystic structures that contained considerable volumes of opaque, straw-colored fluid.

Methods
A histopathological evaluation revealed that the tissue consisted of foci of small capillaries, nodular areas of proliferating, pleomorphic endothelial cells, and areas of necrosis within the pseudocyst wall. Positive nuclear and nonspecific immunolabeling with a vascular marker, cluster of differentiation 31, was concentrated in and around vascular spaces.

Result
Based on these observations, the tumor has been putatively identified as a hemangioendothelial neoplasm.

Conclusion
This would represent the first report of a vascular tumor in a Northern Snakehead and, globally, one of the few described neoplasms identified in a member of the Channidae family.
Association between structural brain MRI abnormalities and epilepsy in older adults
Authors: Gugger James J. , Walter Alexa E. , Diaz‐Arrastia Ramon , Huang Juebin , Jack Clifford R. , Reid Robert , Kucharska‐Newton Anna M. , Gottesman Rebecca F. , Schneider Andrea L. C. , Johnson Emily L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between brain MRI abnormalities and incident epilepsy in older adults.MethodsMen and women (ages 45–64 years) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study were followed up from 1987 to 2018 with brain MRI performed between 2011 and 2013. We identified cases of incident late‐onset epilepsy (LOE) with onset of seizures occurring after the acquisition of brain MRI. We evaluated the relative pattern of cortical thickness, subcortical volume, and white matter integrity among participants with incident LOE after MRI in comparison with participants without seizures. We examined the association between MRI abnormalities and incident LOE using Cox proportional hazards regression. Models were adjusted for demographics, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, stroke, and dementia status.ResultsAmong 1251 participants with brain MRI data, 27 (2.2%) developed LOE after MRI over a median of 6.4 years (25–75 percentile 5.8–6.9) of follow‐up. Participants with incident LOE after MRI had higher levels of cortical thinning and white matter microstructural abnormalities before seizure onset compared to those without seizures. In longitudinal analyses, greater number of abnormalities was associated with incident LOE after controlling for demographic factors, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and dementia (gray matter: hazard ratio [HR]: 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–4.9; white matter diffusivity: HR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2–7.3).InterpretationThis study demonstrates considerable gray and white matter pathology among individuals with LOE, which is present prior to the onset of seizures and provides important insights into the role of neurodegeneration, both of gray and white matter, and the risk of LOE.