bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confirmed Case of Longstanding Respiratory Francisella tularensis holarctica Infection: Nebraska, 2022
Authors: Birn Rachael , Hamik Jeff , Dayne Lana , Frederick Justin , Bartling Amanda , Iwen Peter C , Wells Adam , Donahue Matthew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A male patient with distant history of extensive rabbit contact and pulmonary nodules for 6 years developed empyema. Francisella tularensis holarctica was isolated from thoracentesis fluid. Retrospective immunohistochemical examination of a pulmonary nodule, biopsied 3 years prior, was immunoreactive for F. tularensis. These findings suggest the potential for chronic tularemia.
Tularemia From Veterinary Occupational Exposure
Authors: Marx Grace E , Curren Emily , Olesen Marisa , Cronquist Laura , Schlosser Levi , Nichols Matthew , Bye Maria , Cote Andrea , McCormick David W , Nelson Christina A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tularemia is a disease caused by Francisella tularensis, a highly infectious bacteria that can be transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals. Because of the potential for zoonotic transmission of F. tularensis, veterinary occupational risk is a concern. Here, we report on a human case of tularemia in a veterinarian after an accidental needlestick injury during abscess drainage in a sick dog. The veterinarian developed ulceroglandular tularemia requiring hospitalization but fully recovered after abscess drainage and a course of effective antibiotics. To systematically assess veterinary occupational transmission risk of F. tularensis, we conducted a survey of veterinary clinical staff after occupational exposure to animals with confirmed tularemia. We defined a high-risk exposure as direct contact to the infected animal's body fluids or potential aerosol inhalation without use of standard personal protective equipment (PPE). Survey data included information on 20 veterinary occupational exposures to animals with F. tularensis in 4 states. Veterinarians were the clinical staff most often exposed (40%), followed by veterinarian technicians and assistants (30% and 20%, respectively). Exposures to infected cats were most common (80%). Standard PPE was not used during 80% of exposures; a total of 7 exposures were categorized as high risk. Transmission of F. tularensis in the veterinary clinical setting is possible but overall risk is likely low. Veterinary clinical staff should use standard PPE and employ environmental precautions when handling sick animals to minimize risk of tularemia and other zoonotic infections; postexposure prophylaxis should be considered after high-risk exposures to animals with suspected or confirmed F. tularensis infection to prevent tularemia.
Tularemia Clinical Manifestations, Antimicrobial Treatment, and Outcomes: An Analysis of US Surveillance Data, 2006–2021
Authors: Wu Hung-Jen , Bostic Taylor D , Horiuchi Kalanthe , Kugeler Kiersten J , Mead Paul S , Nelson Christina A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Tularemia, a potentially fatal zoonosis caused by Francisella tularensis, has been reported from nearly all US states. Information on relative effectiveness of various antimicrobials for treatment of tularemia is limited, particularly for newer classes such as fluoroquinolones.

Methods
Data on clinical manifestations, antimicrobial treatment, and illness outcome of patients with tularemia are provided voluntarily through case report forms to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by state and local health departments. We summarized available demographic and clinical information submitted during 2006–2021 and evaluated survival according to antimicrobial treatment. We grouped administered antimicrobials into those considered effective for treatment of tularemia (aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines) and those with limited efficacy. Logistic regression models with a bias-reduced estimation method were used to evaluate associations between antimicrobial treatment and survival.

Results
Case report forms were available for 1163 US patients with tularemia. Francisella tularensis was cultured from a clinical specimen (eg, blood, pleural fluid) in approximately half of patients (592; 50.9%). Nearly three-quarters (853; 73.3%) of patients were treated with a high-efficacy antimicrobial. A total of 27 patients (2.3%) died. After controlling for positive culture as a proxy for illness severity, use of aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines was independently associated with increased odds of survival.

Conclusions
Most US patients with tularemia received high-efficacy antimicrobials; their use was associated with improved odds of survival regardless of antimicrobial class. Our findings provide supportive evidence that fluoroquinolones are an effective option for treatment of tularemia.
Feasibility of frozen soft tissues to simulate fresh soft tissue conditions in cone beam CT scans
Authors: Oliveira Matheus L , Bornstein Michael M , Dagassan-Berndt Dorothea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the feasibility of frozen soft tissues in simulating fresh soft tissues of pig mandibles using cone beam CT (CBCT).

Methods
Two fresh pig mandibles with soft tissues containing 2 tubes filled with a radiopaque homogeneous solution were scanned using 4 CBCT units and 2 field-of-view (FOV) sizes each. The pig mandibles were deep-frozen and scanned again. Three cross-sections were exported from each CBCT volume and grouped into pairs, with one cross-section representing a fresh and one a frozen mandible. Three radiologists compared the pairs and attributed a score to assess the relative image quality using a 5-point scale. Mean grey values and standard deviation were obtained from homogeneous areas in the tubes, compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed-rank test and subjected to Pearson correlation analysis between fresh and frozen physical states (α = .05).

Results
Subjective evaluation revealed similarity of the CBCT image quality between fresh and frozen states. The distribution of mean grey values was similar between fresh and frozen states. Mean grey values of the frozen state in the small FOV were significantly greater than those of the fresh state (P = .037), and noise values of the frozen state in the large FOV were significantly greater than those of the fresh state (P = 0.007). Both mean grey values and noise exhibited significant and positive correlations between fresh and frozen states (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
The freezing of pig mandibles with soft tissues may serve as a method to prolong their usability and working time when CBCT imaging is planned.
Apple E3 ligase MdPUB23 mediates ubiquitin-dependent degradation of MdABI5 to delay ABA-triggered leaf senescence
Authors: Yang Fei , Zhao Ling-Ling , Song Lai-Qing , Han Yuepeng , You Chun-Xiang , An Jian-Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5) is a core regulatory factor that mediates the ABA signaling response and leaf senescence. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the synergistic regulation of leaf senescence by ABI5 with interacting partners and the homeostasis of ABI5 in the ABA signaling response remain to be further investigated. In this study, we found that the accelerated effect of MdABI5 on leaf senescence is partly dependent on MdbHLH93, an activator of leaf senescence in apple. MdABI5 directly interacted with MdbHLH93 and improved the transcriptional activation of the senescence-associated gene MdSAG18 by MdbHLH93. MdPUB23, a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, physically interacted with MdABI5 and delayed ABA-triggered leaf senescence. Genetic and biochemical analyses suggest that MdPUB23 inhibited MdABI5-promoted leaf premature senescence by targeting MdABI5 for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. In conclusion, our results verify that MdABI5 accelerates leaf senescence through the MdABI5-MdbHLH93-MdSAG18 regulatory module, and MdPUB23 is responsible for the dynamic regulation of ABA-triggered leaf senescence by modulating the homeostasis of MdABI5.
Imagining Dinosaurs
Authors: Xhignesse Michel-Antoine 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
There is a tendency to take mounted dinosaur skeletons at face value, as the raw data on which the science of paleontology is founded. But the truth is that mounted dinosaur skeletons are substantially intention-dependent—they are artifacts. More importantly, I argue, they are also substantially imagination-dependent: their production is substantially causally reliant on preparators’ creative imaginations, and their proper reception is predicated on audiences’ recreative imaginations. My main goal here is to show that dinosaur skeletal mounts are plausible candidates for art-status. But, what is more, I think they are artworks—specifically, sculptures.
The Current Pattern of Pediatric Burn Injuries in an Australian Major Burns Center
Authors: Mok Sophie Yi Yu , Adams Susan Elizabeth , Anderson Holland Andrew John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Burns are a common mechanism of pediatric injury worldwide and a notable cause of disability-adjusted life-years. Burns in children represent a unique challenge due to the differences from adults regarding physical characteristics, physiology, and psychology. This retrospective cohort study examined trends of pediatric burns in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, from 2010 to 2022. It specifically focused on the changes in burn etiology and patient characteristics, body area affected, TBSA, first aid, location, and management. It also compared a “Pre-COVID-19” and “Peri-COVID-19” era to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the pattern of pediatric burns, as children are at higher risk of injury during times of social disruption. The study found that burns in children continue to be concentrated in the toddler and preschooler age group, and the main mechanisms of injury remain as scald and contact burns. In recent years, there has been a rising trend of friction burns, alongside a fall in flame burns and severe burns. Management of pediatric burns has also evolved, with predominant use of ambulatory care and low rates of admission and operative intervention. Trends in burn injury continue to evolve with time, and over the last decade in NSW, key changes in the pattern of pediatric burns have been observed, with evolving mechanisms of injury, reduced severity of burns, and a shift toward ambulatory care.
Return to Sport and Duty in French Military Personnel After Medial Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: de Geofroy Bernard , Chateau Lucas , Barbier Olivier , Demoures Thomas , Coste Sébastien , Mathieu Laurent , de L’Escalopier Nicolas , Choufani Camille 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) is a surgical option for medial femorotibial osteoarthritis, which preserves articular cartilage by correcting the extra-articular deformities of the lower limbs that cause osteoarthritis. This is an increasingly popular treatment in a population with high functional demand, such as the French military population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of return to work and military activities at 6 months postsurgery and at last follow-up in this military population following MOWHTO.
The hypothesis of this study was that MOWHTO enabled a majority of service members to return to the same level of activity within 6 months of surgery.

Materials and methods
This was a retrospective, multicenter study including all French military personnel operated on for MOWHTO alone for osteoarthritis of medial compartment between 2008 and 2018 in different Military Teaching Hospitals. We excluded civilian patients. For each patient, a questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological, professional, sports, and functional data. The primary endpoint was the rate of return to work at 6 months postsurgery. We also studied the recovery of sports activities and functional results at a 6.6-year follow-up by standardized questionnaires (Tegner activity scale, Lysholm, IKDC subjective (International Knee Documentation Commitee)).

Results
Twenty-four MOWHTOs were performed during this period in a cohort of 22 French military personnel. Return to work at 6 months was possible in 20/24 cases (83.3%). Of the four patients who did not return to work at 6 months, two changed their activities, while the other two returned to their jobs after 6 months. The rate of resumption of sporting activities at an equal or higher level was 50% (11/22). There was no difference between pre- and postoperative Tegner Activity Scale scores at the longest follow-up (P = .08). The mean postoperative Lysholm scores were 73.5 (standard deviation 17.8) and IKDC 59 (standard deviation 8.7). No intraoperative complications were found, and one case of postoperative infection was found.

Conclusions
A total of 83% of the operated soldiers were able to return to their professional activities in less than 6 months. We observed a functional improvement at the last follow-up. Comparing these results with data from civilian populations, the rate of occupational recovery is comparable. However, the return to sport is much better in the series of nonmilitary patients with approximately 90% return to work and sport in the year following surgery. MOWHTO improves the functional results of the knee, enabling a return to work and sport in most cases in young, active populations such as the French military.
Achieving female supervisory representation in US law enforcement agencies: The roles of organizational structure, practice, and context
Authors: Matusiak Matthew C , Frazier Joanna D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The current research explores relationships between law enforcement agencies’ organizational structures and practices and the representation of women in supervisory positions. Utilizing Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (2016) and American Community Survey (2011–15) survey data, we employed fractional response and binary logistic regression models to assess both the proportions of female officers in supervisory positions and differences between agencies that do and do not employ them. Results indicate organizational structures and practices play a limited role in shaping supervisory representation. The promotion of women, therefore, appears to be shaped to a greater extent by those managing the process rather than the framework it occurs within.
Does oncolytic viruses‐mediated metabolic reprogramming benefit or harm the immune microenvironment?
Authors: Peng Chengcheng , Xiao Pengpeng , Li Nan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOncolytic virus immunotherapy as a new tumor therapy has made remarkable achievements in clinical practice. And metabolic reprogramming mediated by oncolytic virus has a significant impact on the immune microenvironment. This review summarized the reprogramming of host cell glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glutamine metabolism by oncolytic virus and illustrated the effects of metabolic reprogramming on the immune microenvironment. It was found that oncolytic virus‐induced reprogramming of glucose metabolism in tumor cells has both beneficial and detrimental effects on the immune microenvironment. In addition, oncolytic virus can promote fatty acid synthesis in tumor cells, inhibit oxidative phosphorylation, and promote glutamine catabolism, which facilitates the anti‐tumor immune function of immune cells. Therefore, targeted metabolic reprogramming is a new direction to improve the efficacy of oncolytic virus immunotherapy.
What's new in pediatric asthma and rhinitis phenotypes and endotypes?
Authors: Roberto Giulia , Barberi Salvatore , Marseglia Gian Luigi , Licari Amelia 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
This review explores the evolving landscape of pediatric asthma and rhinitis, focusing on identifying and characterizing different subtypes.

Recent findings
Childhood asthma and rhinitis are prevalent respiratory conditions frequently occurring together. To address the need for a precise definition of these diseases, an unbiased and comprehensive phenotyping approach has been undertaken with hypothesis-free analysis of extensive datasets to uncover new relationships among clinical, environmental, and biological characteristics. On the other hand, the concept of endotype is elaborate and multifaceted, representing distinct pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the clinical presentation and requires the identification of reliable biomarkers. The recognition of multiple inflammatory endotypes underscores the need for in-depth characterization, which could revolutionize the treatment landscape.

Summary
Comprehending phenotypes and endotypes is crucial for customizing effective and personalized management approaches for children with asthma and rhinitis. More precise and efficient care can be administered through recognition and detailed characterization, ultimately enhancing patients’ quality of life.
Progestin-primed ovarian stimulation
Authors: Giles Juan , Cruz Fabio , Garcia-Velasco Juan A. 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
The use of progestins as pituitary suppressors has increased progressively, along with more detailed indications for their use, thereby consolidating an alternative approach to the personalization of ovarian stimulation.

Recent findings
Based on the ability of progesterone to inhibit ovulation, progestins have been used in ovarian stimulation (OS) follicular protocols to prevent a luteinizing hormone surge in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), as an alternative to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue administration. This review explores the different types of progestogen protocols and their efficacy depending on the type of population or reproductive procedure in which they are administered and in comparison with that of GnRH analogues. Their effect on oocytes and embryos and their safety and cost-effectiveness are also analyzed.

Summary
Progestins have proven their effectiveness as a gonadotropin adjuvant in terms of ovarian response, reproductive outcome, and safety. In addition, they offer the convenience of oral administration and a lower cost than GnRH analogues. Whereas oocytes or embryos should be vitrified as it displaces the receptive period with the consequent asynchrony between embryo and endometrium. The evidence endorses progestins as a more friendly approach to OS, especially when frozen-thawed embryo transfer is planned.
Long-term outcome of Transscleral Four-Point Fixation of Akreos Intraocular Lens with Closed Continuous-Loop Suture
Authors: Zhu Pingfan , Wan Lei , Chen Shijiu , Zhu Wenting , Jiang Han , Liu Xiaoyan , Yuan Gongqiang , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE
To report the long-term clinical outcomes of transscleral four-point fixation of Akreos intraocular lens (IOL) using the closed continuous-loop suture.

METHODS:
Retrospective, multicenter interventional case series. Primary outcome measures were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density, and complications with a minimum of 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS:
192 eyes of 177 patients from two surgical hospital sites were identified. The mean BCVA improved from 0.88 ± 0.74 logMAR (Snellen 20/152) preoperatively to 0.42 ± 0.52 logMAR (Snellen 20/53) postoperatively (P<0.001). Mean preoperative IOP was 17.51 ± 8.67 mmHg and the mean postoperative IOP at final follow-up was15.08 ± 4.18 mmHg (P= 0.001). The mean corneal endothelial cell density significantly reduced from 2259 ± 729 cells/mm2 to 2077 ± 659 cells/mm2, representing a cell loss of 5.73% (P < 0.001). The IOL was fixed well during follow-up. There were no intraoperative complications noted. Postoperative complications included transient ocular hypertension in 15 eyes (7.81%), hypotony in 2 eyes (1.04%), retinal detachment in 1 eye (0.52%), and macular edema in 1 eye (0.52%).

CONCLUSION:
The transscleral four-point fixation Akreos IOL using the closed continuous-loop suture was effective and safe with satisfactory visual acuity with minimum 1-year follow-up.
Transcriptomic profiling reveals a pronociceptive role for angiotensin II in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Higham James P. , Bhebhe Charity N. , Gupta Rohit A. , Tranter Michael M. , Barakat Farah M. , Dogra Harween , Bab Natalie , Wozniak Eva , Barker Katie H. , Wilson Catherine H. , Mein Charles A. , Raine Tim , Cox James J. , Wood John N. , Croft Nicholas M. , Wright Paul D. , Bulmer David C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Visceral pain is a leading cause of morbidity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), contributing significantly to reduced quality of life. Currently available analgesics often lack efficacy or have intolerable side effects, driving the need for a more complete understanding of the mechanisms causing pain. Whole transcriptome gene expression analysis was performed by bulk RNA sequencing of colonic biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) reporting abdominal pain and compared with noninflamed control biopsies. Potential pronociceptive mediators were identified based on gene upregulation in IBD biopsy tissue and cognate receptor expression in murine colonic sensory neurons. Pronociceptive activity of identified mediators was assessed in assays of sensory neuron and colonic afferent activity. RNA sequencing analysis highlighted a 7.6-fold increase in the expression of angiotensinogen transcripts, Agt, which encode the precursor to angiotensin II (Ang II), in samples from UC patients (P = 3.2 × 10−8). Consistent with the marked expression of the angiotensin AT1 receptor in colonic sensory neurons, Ang II elicited an increase in intracellular Ca2+ in capsaicin-sensitive, voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.8-positive sensory neurons. Ang II also evoked action potential discharge in high-threshold colonic nociceptors. These effects were inhibited by the AT1 receptor antagonist valsartan. Findings from our study identify AT1 receptor-mediated colonic nociceptor activation as a novel pathway of visceral nociception in patients with UC. This work highlights the potential utility of angiotensin receptor blockers, such as valsartan, as treatments for pain in IBD.