bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The multifaceted roles of small extracellular vesicles in metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironments
Authors: Chen Zhixian , Yam Judy Wai Ping , Mao Xiaowen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe link between metabolism and tumor progression has been extensively researched for a long time. With the increasing number of studies uncovering the multiple functions of metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironments, the regulatory network seems to become even more intricate at the same time. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV), as crucial mediators facilitating intercellular communications, exhibit significant involvement in regulating metabolic reprogramming within the complicated network of tumor microenvironments. sEV derived from tumor cells and those released by other cell populations such as tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can mutually influence each other, giving rise to diverse complex feedback loops. This review includes multiple studies conducted in recent years to summarize the functions of sEV in altering metabolism in various cell types within tumor microenvironments. Additionally, it aims to highlight potential therapeutic targets based on the commonly observed mechanisms identified in different studies.
Proteomic profiling of ovarian clear cell carcinomas identifies prognostic biomarkers for chemotherapy
Authors: Yue Liang , Gong Tingting , Jiang Wenhao , Qian Liujia , Gong Wangang , Sun Yaoting , Cai Xue , Xu Heli , Liu Fanghua , Wang He , Li Sainan , Zhu Yi , Zheng Zhiguo , Wu Qijun , Guo Tiannan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC) is a relatively rare subtype of ovarian cancer (OC) with high degree of resistance to standard chemotherapy. Little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms, and it remains a challenge to predict its prognosis after chemotherapy. Here, we first analyzed the proteome of 35 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) CCOC tissue specimens from a cohort of 32 patients with CCOC (H1 cohort) and characterized 8697 proteins using data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS). We then performed proteomic analysis of 28 fresh frozen (FF) CCOC tissue specimens from an independent cohort of 24 patients with CCOC (H2 cohort), leading to the identification of 9409 proteins with DIA‐MS. After bioinformatics analysis, we narrowed our focus to 15 proteins significantly correlated with the recurrence free survival (RFS) in both cohorts. These proteins are mainly involved in DNA damage response, extracellular matrix (ECM), and mitochondrial metabolism. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM)‐MS was adopted to validate the prognostic potential of the 15 proteins in the H1 cohort and an independent confirmation cohort (H3 cohort). Interferon‐inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) was observed as a robust prognostic marker for CCOC in both PRM data and immunohistochemistry (IHC) data. Taken together, this study presents a CCOC proteomic data resource and a single promising protein, IFITM1, which could potentially predict the recurrence and survival of CCOC.
Distribution of neurovascular structures within the prostate gland and their relationship to complications after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Alanazi Ghazi , Alsubaie Najah , Nabi Ghulam , Gillingwater Thomas H. , Alashkham Abduelmenem 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadical prostatectomy remains the main choice of treatment for prostate cancer. However, despite improvements in surgical techniques and neurovascular sparing procedures, rates of erectile dysfunction, and urinary incontinence remain variable. This is due, at least in part, to an incomplete understanding of neurovascular structures associated with the prostate. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive, detailed histological overview of the distribution of nerves and blood vessels within the prostate, facilitating subsequent correlation of prostatic neurovascular structures with patients' clinical outcomes after radical prostatectomy.MethodsNeurovascular structures within the prostate were investigated in a total of 309 slides obtained from 15 patients who underwent non‐nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify and distinguish between parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, whereas hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to identify blood vessels. The total number, density, and relative position of nerves and blood vessels were established using quantitative morphometry and illustrated using visualization approaches. Patient‐specific outcome data were then used to establish whether the internal distribution of nerves and blood vessels within the prostate correlated with the nature and extent of complications after surgery. One‐way analysis of variance tests and unpaired t tests were applied to establish statistically significant differences across the measured variables.ResultsNerves and blood vessels were present across all prostatic levels and regions. However, their number and density varied considerably between regions. Assessment of the precise positioning of neurovascular structures revealed that the majority of nerve fibers were located within the dorsal and peripheral aspects of the gland. In contrast, blood vessels were predominantly located within ventral and dorsal midline regions. The number of intraprostatic nerves was found to be significantly lower in patients who recovered their continence within 12 months of surgery, compared to those whose recovery took 12 months or longer.ConclusionWe report an unexpected disconnect between the localization and positioning of nerve fibers and blood vessels within the prostate. Moreover, individual variability in the density of intraprostatic neurovascular structures appears to correlate with the successful recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy, suggesting that differences in intrinsic neurovascular arrangements of the prostate influence postoperative outcomes.
The blockade of the TGF‐β pathway alleviates abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism of lipodystrophy not obesity
Authors: Xu Wen‐Dong , Lai Shui‐Zheng , Zhao Jia , Wei Shi‐Jie , Fang Xue‐Ying , Liu Yi‐Yi , Rong Xiang‐Lu , Guo Jiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTGF‐β is thought to be involved in the physiological functions of early organ development and pathological changes in substantial organ fibrosis, while studies around adipose tissue function and systemic disorders of glucolipid metabolism are still scarce. In this investigation, two animal models, aP2‐SREBP‐1c mice and ob/ob mice, were used. TGF‐β pathway showed up‐regulated in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of the two models. SB431542, a TGF‐β inhibitor, successfully increased inguinal white adipocyte size by more than 1.5 times and decreased the weight of Peripheral organs including liver, Spleen and Kidney to 73.05%/62.18%/73.23% of pre‐administration weights. The iWAT showed elevated expression of GLUTs and lipases, followed by a recovery of circulation GLU, TG, NEFA, and GLYCEROL to the wild‐type levels in aP2‐SREBP‐1c mice. In contrast, TGF‐β inhibition did not have similar effects on that of ob/ob mice. In vitro, TGF‐β blocker treated mature adipocytes had considerably higher levels of glycerol and triglycerides than the control group, whereas GLUTs and lipases expression levels were unchanged. These findings show that inhibiting the abnormally upregulated TGF‐β pathway will only restore iWAT expansion and ameliorate the global metabolic malfunction of glucose and lipids in lipodystrophy, not obesity.
Risk identification of integral pressurized water reactor (IPWR) cooling system using a combination HAZOP, FMEA, and FTA methods
Authors: Deswandri Deswandri , Sudarno Sudarno , Tyas Ratih Luhuring , Kumaraningrum Anggraini Ratih , Maerani Restu , Hidayatullah Ibnu Maulana , Sahlan Muhamad , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Hermansyah Heri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntegral Pressurized Water Reactor (IPWR) is gaining attention for use in Indonesia due to lower initial capital investment, sitting flexibility, and high level of inherent safety. IPWR relies heavily on passive cooling systems that have many advantages but lacks operational experience because no one operates commercially. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a risk analysis related to passive cooling system failures that may occur during operation. Even if conventional risk analysis methods are applied singularly, the results still have shortcomings. This study aims to integrate the use of the Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods to identify risks in the IPWR primary cooling system during normal operation. HAZOP was used to identify hazards, FTA analyzed the root causes of the critical problems, and the basic event's FMEA was developed for risk ranking and mitigation measures. This combined methodology makes risk assessment more systematic and comprehensive because it manages entity‐wide risk. The results offer valuable insights for stakeholders involved in decision‐making regarding the development of nuclear power plants (NPPs) in Indonesia.
Theoretical research on Pd cluster catalysts for the direct dehydrogenation of propane to propylene
Authors: Wang Chun , Kang Lihua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, the feasibility of catalytic dehydrogenation of propane by Pd clusters (Pd7, Pd6C, Pd6Si, Pd6Ge, and Pd6Sn) was investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). It was found that Pd6Sn has the strongest electron mobility and the ability to activate CH bonds, and the highest adsorption barrier (−75.16 kcal/mol) with propylene. The first pathway of the Pd6Sn‐catalyzed primary reaction has the lowest decisive step barrier (16.65 kcal/mol), and the second pathway of the secondary reaction has the highest decisive step barrier (62.25 kcal/mol). It was demonstrated that both the catalyst's electron‐leaping ability and the ability to activate CH bonds were the key factors affecting the activity, and the adsorption strength of the catalyst to the product was the main factor affecting the selectivity. It was shown that Pd cluster‐catalyzed PDH is theoretically feasible and Pd6Sn is likely to be a potential cluster catalyst for propane dehydrogenation.
First principle studies on structural, electronic, elastic, optical, and thermoelectric properties of XGeCl3 (X = Rb/Cs): Promising compounds for green energy application
Authors: Behera Debidatta , Boudjelal M. , Batouche M. , Seddik T. , Hemidi Dj. , Mukherjee Sanat Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study employed density functional theory (DFT) embedded in Wien2K code to evaluate the physical features of the XGeCl3 (X = Rb/Cs) cubic halide perovskites. The structural optimization has been performed considering generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and electronic properties have been computed considering modified Becke‐Johnson potential (mBJ). The formation energy and phonon dispersion analysis establish the stability of the investigated compounds. Mechanical stability is further confirmed by the computed diverse elastic coefficients. It has been discovered that the examined substances are naturally ductile. The refractive index, reflectivity, and absorption coefficient, are among the optical parameters that have been estimated and analyzed. Interesting results have been obtained for the transport properties of XGeCl3 (X = Rb/Cs). The XGeCl3 (X = Rb/Cs) exhibits a high Seebeck coefficient (X = Rb/Cs) and the largest figure of merit (about 0.99), indicating significant potential for thermoelectric applications.
High‐intensity bird migration along Alpine valleys calls for protective measures against anthropogenically induced avian mortality
Authors: Hirschhofer Simon , Liechti Felix , Ranacher Peter , Weibel Robert , Schmid Baptiste 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Alps are a natural barrier for avian broad‐front migration in Central Europe. While most birds that approach the Alps are deflected and circumvent the mountains, some choose to make the crossing. Here, they are funnelled and channelled in valleys, leading to high bird densities. Many Alpine valleys are suitable locations for wind farms, potentially creating a conflict between wind energy production and bird conservation. Collisions can be reduced by temporarily shutting down wind turbines. This however requires timely coordination, either by locally monitoring migration intensity or by extrapolating and forecasting migratory fluxes from other sites. However, little is known about the timing and intensity of bird migration in valleys of the central Alps, especially during spring migration. This study presents a 2‐year quantification of avian migration across the Alps. We collected terrestrial radar data at three sites: two located in Alpine valleys and one in the lowland, close to the northern foothills of the Alps. We found high migration traffic rates (MTR) during both migration seasons in the Alpine valleys, with outstanding numbers of migrants during the spring season. The strong alignment of the flight directions with the main orientation of alpine valleys highlights the importance of valleys and the connected passes in channelling migratory fluxes through the Alps. However, extrapolating migration intensities and forecasting peak migration events for inner Alpine sites is difficult, likely due to how migratory patterns and activity are influenced by the complexity of the local topography and the associated dynamic wind and weather conditions. Instead, we call for year‐round on‐site monitoring of migration intensities and strategies tailored to the local context to reduce the risk of bird strikes at wind turbines in the Alps.
Assessing the accuracy of georeferenced landcover data derived from oblique imagery using machine learning
Authors: Tricker James , Wright Claire , Rose Spencer , Rhemtulla Jeanine , Lantz Trevor , Higgs Eric 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRepeat photography offers distinctive insights into ecological change, with ground‐based oblique photographs often predating early aerial images by decades. However, the oblique angle of the photographs presents challenges for extracting and analyzing ecological information using traditional remote sensing approaches. Several innovative methods have been developed for analyzing repeat photographs, but none offer a comprehensive end‐to‐end workflow incorporating image classification and georeferencing to produce quantifiable landcover data. In this paper, we provide an overview of two new tools, an automated deep learning classifier and intuitive georeferencing tool, and describe how they are used to derive landcover data from 19 images associated with the Mountain Legacy Project, a research team that works with the world's largest collection of systematic high‐resolution historic mountain photographs. We then combined these data to produce a contemporary landcover map for a study area in Jasper National Park, Canada. We assessed georeferencing accuracy by calculating the root‐mean‐square error and mean displacement for a subset of the images, which was 4.6 and 3.7 m, respectively. Overall classification accuracy of the landcover map produced from oblique images was 68%, which was comparable to landcover data produced from aerial imagery using a conventional classification method. The new workflow advances the use of repeat photographs for yielding quantitative landcover data. It has several advantages over existing methods including the ability to produce quick and consistent image classifications with little human input, and accurately georeference and combine these data to generate landcover maps for large areas.
Using multiplatform LiDAR to identify relationships between vegetation structure and the abundance and diversity of woodland reptiles and amphibians
Authors: Shokirov Shukhrat , Jucker Tommaso , Levick Shaun R. , Manning Adrian D. , Youngentob Kara N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRemotely sensed measures of vegetation structure have been shown to explain patterns in the occurrence and diversity of several animal taxa, including birds, mammals, and invertebrates. However, very little research in this area has focused on reptiles and amphibians (herpetofauna). Moreover, most remote sensing studies on animal–habitat associations have relied on airborne or satellite data that provide coverage over relatively large areas but may not have the resolution or viewing angle necessary to measure vegetation features at scales that are meaningful to herpetofauna. Here, we combined terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanning (ULS), and fused (FLS) data to provide the first test of whether vegetation structural attributes can help explain variation in herpetofauna abundance, species richness, and diversity across a woodland landscape. We identified relationships between the abundance and diversity of herpetofauna and several vegetation metrics, including canopy height, skewedness, vertical complexity, volume of vegetation, and coarse woody debris. These relationships varied across species, groups, and sensors. ULS models tended to perform as well or better than TLS or FLS models based on the methods we used in this study. In open woodland landscapes, ULS data may have some benefits over TLS data for modeling relationships between herpetofauna and vegetation structure, which we discuss. However, for some species, only TLS data identified significant predictor variables among the LiDAR‐derived structural metrics. While the overall predictive power of models was relatively low (i.e., at most R2 = 0.32 for ULS overall abundance and R2 = 0.32 for abundance at the individual species level [three‐toed skink (Chalcides striatus)]), the ability to identify relationships between specific LiDAR structural metrics and the abundance and diversity of herpetofauna could be useful for understanding their habitat associations and managing reptile and amphibian populations.
Strategies to Promote the Journey of Nanoparticles Against Biofilm‐Associated Infections
Authors: Wang Xiaobo , Wang Dan , Lu Hongwei , Wang Xiaowei , Wang Xuelei , Su Jiayi , Xia Guimin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBiofilm‐associated infections are one of the most challenging healthcare threats for humans, accounting for 80% of bacterial infections, leading to persistent and chronic infections. The conventional antibiotics still face their dilemma of poor therapeutic effects due to the high tolerance and resistance led by bacterial biofilm barriers. Nanotechnology‐based antimicrobials, nanoparticles (NPs), are paid attention extensively and considered as promising alternative. This review focuses on the whole journey of NPs against biofilm‐associated infections, and to clarify it clearly, the journey is divided into four processes in sequence as 1) Targeting biofilms, 2) Penetrating biofilm barrier, 3) Attaching to bacterial cells, and 4) Translocating through bacterial cell envelope. Through outlining the compositions and properties of biofilms and bacteria cells, recent advances and present the strategies of each process are comprehensively discussed to combat biofilm‐associated infections, as well as the combined strategies against these infections with drug resistance, aiming to guide the rational design and facilitate wide application of NPs in biofilm‐associated infections.
In Situ Local Band Engineering of Monolayer Graphene Using Triboelectric Plasma
Authors: Ruan Haoran , Guo Junmeng , Zhang Song , Gao Yanyuan , Shang Wanyu , Liu Yang , Su Meiying , Liu Yabing , Wang Heng , Xie Tianen , Cheng Gang , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGraphene, a promising material with excellent properties, suffers from a major limitation in electronics due to its zero bandgap. The gas molecules adsorption has proven to be an effective approach for band regulation, which usually requires a harsh environment. Here, O2− ions produced with triboelectric plasma are used for in situ regulation of graphene, and the switching ratio can reach 1010. The O2− ions physical adsorption will reduce the Fermi‐level (EF) of graphene. As the EF of graphene is lower than the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of O2−, the adsorption of O2− changes from uniform physical adsorption to local chemical adsorption, thereby realizing the semiconductor properties of graphene. The local graphene bandgap is calculated to be 83.4 meV by the variable‐temperature experiment. Furthermore, annealing treatment can restore to 1/10 of the initial conductance. The C─O bond formed by O2− adsorption has low bond energy and is easy to desorb, while the C═O bond formed by adsorption on defects and edges has higher bond energy and is difficult to desorb. The study proposes a simple in situ method to investigate the microscopic process of O2− adsorption on the graphene surface, demonstrating a new perspective for local energy band engineering of graphene.
New Sight of Renal Toxicity Caused by UV‐Aged Polystyrene Nanoplastics: Induced Ferroptosis via Adsorption of Transferrin
Authors: He Shiyu , Cai Jin , Jia Tianjiang , Mao Zhen , Zhou Lihong , Zhang Xiaodan , Jiang Shuqin , Huang Peili 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSecondary nanoplastics (NPs) caused by degradation and aging due to environmental factors are the main source of human exposure, and alterations in the physicochemical and biological properties of NPs induced by environmental factors cannot be overlooked. In this study, pristine polystyrene (PS) NPs to obtain ultraviolet (UV)‐aged PS NPs (aPS NPs) as secondary NPs is artificially aged. In a mouse oral exposure model, the nephrotoxicity of PS NPs and aPS NPs is compared, and the results showed that aPS NPs exposure induced more serious destruction of kidney tissue structure and function, along with characteristic changes in ferroptosis. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that aPS NPs‐induced cell death in human renal tubular epithelial cells involved ferroptosis, which is supported by the use of ferrostatin‐1, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Notably, it is discovered that aPS NPs can enhance the binding of serum transferrin (TF) to its receptor on the cell membrane by forming an aPS‐TF complex, leading to an increase in intracellular Fe2+ and then exacerbation of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, which render cells more sensitive to ferroptosis. These findings indicated that UV irradiation can alter the physicochemical and biological properties of NPs, enhancing their kidney biological toxicity risk by inducing ferroptosis.
Enhanced Absolute Recovered Energy under Low Electric Field in All‐Inorganic 0–3 Nanocomposition Thick Films
Authors: Shen Bingzhong , Zhang Jia‐Han , Liu Yang , Ma Jinpeng , Li Yong , Hao Xihong , Zhang Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInorganic thick‐film dielectric capacitors with ultrahigh absolute recovered energy at low electric fields are extremely desired for their wide application in pulsed power systems. However, a long‐standing technological bottleneck exists between high absolute energy and large recovered energy density. A new strategy is offered to fabricate selected all‐inorganic 0–3 composite thick films up to 10 µm by a modified sol‐slurry method. Here, the ceramic powder is dispersed into the sol‐gel matrix to form a uniform suspension, assisted by powder, therefore, the 2 µm‐thickness after single layer spin coating. To enhance the energy‐storage performances, the composites process is thoroughly optimized by ultrafine powder (<50 nm) technique based on a low‐cost coprecipitation method instead of the solid‐state and sol‐gel methods. 0D coprecipitation powder has a similar dielectric constant to the corresponding 3D films, thus uneven electrical field distributions is overcome. Moreover, the increase of interfacial polarization is realized due to the larger specific surface area. A maximum recoverable energy density of 14.62 J cm−3 is obtained in coprecipitation thick films ≈2.2 times that of the solid‐state powder and ≈1.3 times for sol‐gel powder. This study provides a new paradigm for further guiding the design of composite materials.