FRI392 Functional Interrelationship Between Oxytocin And Bone Morphogenetic Proteins In Ovarian Steroidogenesis By Granulosa Cells
Authors: Yamamoto Koichiro , Nakano Yasuhiro , Iwata Nahoko , Soejima Yoshiaki , Suyama Atsuhito , Hasegawa Toru , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disclosure: K. Yamamoto: None. Y. Nakano: None. N. Iwata: None. Y. Soejima: None. A. Suyama: None. T. Hasegawa: None. F. Otsuka: None.
Oxytocin (OXT) is a neuropeptide that is produced in the hypothalamus and is secreted from the posterior pituitary. OXT has diverse physiological roles mediated by the OXT receptor (OXTR), including not only stimulation of uterine contractions during labor and peripheral functions of milk ejection during lactation but also functions in pair bonding, maternal nurturing, and social behavior related to the action of OXT on the brain. It has been shown that OXT and OXTR are expressed in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) in several species including humans. Secretion of OXT by bovine GCs is reported to be increased after the preovulatory luteinizing hormone surge, which is coincident with an increase in progesterone secretion and a decrease in secretion of estradiol and androgen, suggesting a functional interrelationship between OXT and ovarian steroidogenesis. It has been demonstrated that application of OXT to cultures of GCs from preovulatory follicles in bovines, marmoset monkeys, and humans led to increases in progesterone production. However, the precise molecular mechanism by which OXT modulates ovarian steroidogenesis in GCs remains unknown. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which belong to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, play important roles in steroidogenesis and cellular proliferation in ovarian follicles via autocrine/paracrine fashion. BMP ligands and receptors are expressed in a cell-dependent manner in the ovary and have a pivotal role in female fertility. Throughout folliculogenesis, BMPs commonly inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced progesterone production, and oocyte-derived factors BMP-6 and BMP-15 are known to act on GCs through BMP receptors and suppress FSH-induced progesterone synthesis. To clarify the reproductive role of OXT in ovarian steroidogenesis and its functional interaction with BMPs, the effects of OXT on ovarian steroidogenesis were investigated by using primary culture of rat GCs and human granulosa KGN cells. Here we found that the OXT receptor was expressed in both rat GCs and human KGN cells and that OXT treatment significantly increased FSH- and forskolin (FSK)-induced progesterone production, but not estradiol production, by rat GCs and KGN cells, respectively. In accordance with the effects of OXT on progesterone production, OXT enhanced mRNA levels of CYP11A1 and HSD3B2 induced by FSK in KGN cells. Of note, OXT enhanced the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/9 and the mRNA level of ID1 induced by BMP-15, but not those induced by BMP-6, in KGN cells. It was also revealed that OXT application upregulated the expression of BMPR2, a crucial type-II receptor of BMP-15, and enhanced the BMP-15-induced expression of inhibitory SMAD6 by KGN cells. Taken together, it was shown that OXT enhances ovarian progesterone production with upregulation of BMP-15 activity, leading to a fine-tuning of ovarian steroidogenesis.
Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023