bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“He looks very real”: Media, knowledge, and search‐based strategies for deepfake identification
Authors: Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeepfakes are a potential source of disinformation and the ability to detect them is imperative. While research focused on algorithmic detection methods, there is little work conducted on how people identify deepfakes. This research attempts to fill this gap. Using semi‐structured interviews, participants were asked to identify real and deepfake videos and explain how their decisions were made. Three categories of deepfake identification strategies emerged: the use of surface video and audio cues, processing of the messages conveyed in the video, and the searching of external sources. Participants often used multiple strategies within each category. However, identification challenges occurred due to participants' preconceived notions of deepfake characteristics and the message embodied in the video. This work contributes to research by shifting the focus from the algorithmic detection of deepfakes to human‐oriented strategies. Practically, the findings provide guidance on how people can identify deepfakes, which can also form the basis for the development of educational materials.
Thermal Structural Behavior of ElectrochemicallyLithiated Graphite (LixC6) Anodes in Li‐ion Batteries
Authors: Hölderle Tobias , Monchak Mykhailo , Baran Volodymyr , Kriele Armin , Mühlbauer Martin J. , Dyadkin Vadim , Rabenbauer Alfred , Schökel Alexander , Ehrenberg Helmut , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Senyshyn Anatoliy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA full series of variously lithiated graphite anodes material LixC6 (0<x<1) corresponding to a different state‐of‐charge (SOC) between 0 % and 100 % was collected from 18650‐type cylinder Li‐ion batteries, and the thermal structural behavior of these electrodes was mapped using ex situ high‐resolution X‐ray and neutron diffraction. Their structural behavior was analyzed over a broad temperature range. At high temperatures, a non‐reversible decomposition of the lithiated graphite anodes takes place, accompanied by a loss of intercalated lithium ions, forming novel phases such as LiF and Li2O strongly coupled to the degradation of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI). Complementary calorimetric measurements showed the strongly exothermic chemical reactions during the decomposition matching well to the collected diffraction data. Post mortem analysis applying scanning electron microscopy revealed various morphological features supplementing the treatment of battery anodes and highlighted the importance of the SEI layer during the cycling of the cell and its thermal degradation.
Interphase design of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 as positive active material for lithium ion batteries via Al2O3 coatings using magnetron sputtering for improved performance and stability
Authors: Javed Atif , Makvandi Ardavan , Demelash Feleke , Adhitama Egy , Heidrich Bastian , Peterlechner Martin , Wilde Gerhard , Winter Martin , Börner Markus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiNixMnyCozO2 (x+y+z=1) is one of the most present and versatile positive active materials for lithium ion batteries due to comparatively high specific capacity and high operating potential. However, NMC materials are prone to various degradation effects including moisture uptake, formation of impurities at the particle surface and transition metal dissolution during charge/discharge cycling and/or at elevated temperatures. Beyond that, cation mixing can lead to phase transformation, oxygen evolution, particle cracking and particle disintegration. Therefore, an alumina coating was applied and optimized as protective interphase on LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) powders, using a specifically in‐house developed RF‐magnetron sputtering technique. The alumina coated NMC622 showed a 13 % improvement in capacity retention after 200 charge/discharge cycles in lab‐scale cells, compared to pristine uncoated NMC622. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the interfacial/interphasial resistance of pristine and alumina coated NCM622 based electrodes were explored to study the impact of the coating on lithium ion transport. Furthermore, the structural and thermal stability of cyclic aged NMC622 were analyzed via TEM, EELS and TGA. Therein, alumina coated samples demonstrated enhanced thermal stability, less structural degradation, and reduced particle cracking.
Adaptive modeling optimized by the data fusion strategy: Real‐time dying cell percentage prediction using capacitance spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Suyang , Ketcham Stephanie A. , Corredor Claudia , Both Douglas , Zhao Yuxiang , Drennen James K. , Anderson Carl A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe previous research showcased a partial least squares (PLS) regression model accurately predicting cell death percentages using in‐line capacitance spectra. The current study advances the model accuracy through adaptive modeling employing a data fusion approach. This strategy enhances prediction performance by incorporating variables from the Cole–Cole model, conductivity and its derivatives over time, and Mahalanobis distance into the predictor matrix (X‐matrix). Firstly, the Cole–Cole model, a mechanistic model with parameters linked to early cell death onset, was integrated to enhance prediction performance. Secondly, the inclusion of conductivity and its derivatives over time in the X‐matrix mitigated prediction fluctuations resulting from abrupt conductivity changes during process operations. Thirdly, Mahalanobis distance, depicting spectral changes relative to a reference spectrum from a previous time point, improved model adaptability to independent test sets, thereby enhancing performance. The final data fusion model substantially decreased root‐mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) by around 50%, which is a significant boost in prediction accuracy compared to the prior PLS model. Robustness against reference spectrum selection was confirmed by consistent performance across various time points. In conclusion, this study illustrates that the data fusion strategy substantially enhances the model accuracy compared to the previous model relying solely on capacitance spectra.
Prediction of 5‐year overall survival of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma on the pola‐R‐CHP regimen based on 2‐year event‐free survival and progression‐free survival
Authors: Zhang Wan‐Ru , Liu Xin , Zhong Qiu‐Zi , Wu Tao , Yang Yong , Chen Bo , Jing Hao , Tang Yuan , Jin Jing , Liu Yue‐Ping , Song Yong‐Wen , Fang Hui , Lu Ning‐Ning , Li Ning , Zhai Yi‐Rui , Zhang Wen‐Wen , Wang Shu‐Lian , Chen Fan , Yin Lin , Qi Shu‐Nan , Li Ye‐Xiong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to predict the 5‐year overall survival (OS) benefit of pola‐R‐CHP versus R‐CHOP in the POLARIX trial based on the 2‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) published before 31 May 2023. The correlation between the logarithmic (log) hazard ratio (HR) for EFS (HREFS) or PFS (HRPFS) and the HR for OS (HROS) was estimated at the trial‐level. Correlation analysis was performed between 2‐year PFS or EFS and 5‐year OS rates at the treatment arm‐level. Linear regression models were used to calculate the 5‐year OS of pola‐R‐CHP and R‐CHOP. In the included 20 RCTs, a linear correlation between HREFS (r = 0.765) or HRPFS (r = 0.534) and HROS was observed at the trial‐ level. Two‐year EFS (r = 0.918) or 2‐year PFS (r = 0.865) correlated linearly with 5‐year OS. Linear regression analysis between 2‐year EFS/PFS and 5‐year OS gave estimated 5‐year OS rates between pola‐R‐CHP and R‐CHOP of 6.4% and 6.3%, respectively. Two‐year EFS and PFS are feasible early endpoints in patients with DLBCL treated primarily with immunochemotherapy. The pola‐R‐CHP regimen is expected to improve 5‐year OS.
A new tetronomycin analog, broad‐spectrum and potent antibiotic against drug‐resistant Gram‐positive bacteria
Authors: Kimishima Aoi , Tsuruoka Iori , Tsutsumi Hayama , Honsho Masako , Honma Sota , Matsui Hidehito , Sugamata Miho , Wasuwanich Paul , Inahashi Yuki , Hanaki Hideaki , Asami Yukihiro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe discovered a new tetronomycin analog, C‐32‐OH tetronomycin (2) from the Streptomyces sp. K20‐0247 strain, which produces tetronomycin (1). After NMR analysis of 2, we determined the planar structure. Futhermore, the absolute stereochemistry of 2 was deduced based on the biosynthetic pathway of 1 in the K20‐0247 strain and a comparison of experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) results of 1 with 2. While 2 exihibits potent antibacterial activity aganist Gram‐positive baceria including vancomycin‐intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococci (VRE), the antibacterial activity of 2 shows 16–32‐folds weaker than that of 1 suggesting that the C‐34 methyl group in 1 is one of the very important functinal group. Moreover, we evaluated the ionophore activity of 1 and 2 and neither compound shows ionophore activity at reasonable concetrations. Our research suggests that 1 and 2 would have different target(s) from an ionophore mechanism in the antibacterial activity and tetronomycins are promising natural products for broad‐spectrum antibiotics.
FNDC5/Irisin protects neurons through Caspase3 and Bax pathways
Authors: Zhang Qiu‐Xia , Zhang Lin‐Jie , Zhao Ning , Chang Sheng‐Hui , Yang Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIrisin is a glycosylated protein formed from the hydrolysis of fibronectin type III domain‐containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Recent studies have demonstrated that FNDC5/Irisin is involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, it can inhibit inflammation and have neuroprotective effects. However, the effect and mechanism of FNDC5/Irisin on motor neuron‐like cell lines (NSC‐34) have not been reported. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide to construct cellular oxidative stress injury models and investigated the potential roles of FNDC5/Irisin on neurons by different cellular and molecular pathways. Taken together, our findings showed that FNDC5/Irisin can protect neurons, and this effect might be associated with Caspase3 and Bax pathways. These results laid the foundation for neuronal protection and clinical translation of FNDC5/Irisin therapy.
Lipid droplets, autophagy, and ER stress as key (survival) pathways during ischemia‐reperfusion of transplanted grafts
Authors: Kamińska Daria , Skrzycki Michał 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIschemia‐reperfusion injury is an event concerning any organ under a procedure of transplantation. The early result of ischemia is hypoxia, which causes malfunction of mitochondria and decrease in cellular ATP. This leads to disruption of cellular metabolism. Reperfusion also results in cell damage due to reoxygenation and increased production of reactive oxygen species, and later by induced inflammation. In damaged and hypoxic cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway is activated by increased amount of damaged or misfolded proteins, accumulation of free fatty acids and other lipids due to inability of their oxidation (lipotoxicity). ER stress is an adaptive response and a survival pathway, however, its prolonged activity eventually lead to induction of apoptosis. Sustaining cell functionality in stress conditions is a great challenge for transplant surgeons as it is crucial for maintaining a desired level of graft vitality. Pathways counteracting negative consequences of ischemia‐reperfusion are autophagy and lipid droplets (LD) metabolism. Autophagy remove damaged organelles and molecules driving them to lysosomes, digested simpler compounds are energy source for the cell. Mitophagy and ER‐phagy results in improvement of cell energetic balance and alleviation of ER stress. This is important in sustaining metabolic homeostasis and thus cell survival. LD metabolism is connected with autophagy as LD are degraded by lipophagy, a source of free fatty acids and glycerol—thus autophagy and LD can readily remove lipotoxic compounds in the cell. In conclusion, monitoring and pharmaceutic regulation of those pathways during transplantation procedure might result in increased/improved vitality of transplanted organ.
Identification of a mutation in TNRC18 in a patient with clinical features of Fazio‐Londe disease
Authors: Khani Marzieh , Shamshiri Hosein , Nafissi Shahriar , Salehi Najmeh , Moazzeni Hamidreza , Taheri Hanieh , Elahi Elahe 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageFazio‐Londe disease and Brown‐Vialetto‐Van Laere syndrome are rare related neurological disorders. Although SLC52A3 and SLC52A2 that encode riboflavin transporters are their only known causative genes, many patients without mutations in these genes have been reported. Clinical and genetic data of a patient with features suggestive of Fazio‐Londe disease are presented. Neurological examination revealed significant involvement of cranial nerves and weakness in the lower extremities. Pontobulbar presentations were prominent. EDX study suggested motor neuronopathy. Hearing was normal. She was diagnosed with FL disease. Response to riboflavin supplementation was not favorable. The patient's pedigree suggested recessive inheritance. SLC52A3 and SLC52A2 were screened and mutations were not observed. Results of exome sequencing and segregation analysis suggested that a mutation in TNRC18 is a candidate cause of disease in the patient. The three dimensional structure of the TNRC18 protein was predicted and it was noted that its two conserved domains (BAH and Tudor) interact and that the valine residue affected by the mutation is positioned close to both domains. A mutation in TNRC18 is cautiously reported as the possible cause of FL disease in the patient. The finding warrants further inquiries on TNRC18 about which little is presently known.
Green Metrics and Sustainability in Photocatalysis
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna , Carboni Davide , Lombardo Marco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the past century, significant advancements in synthetic chemistry undeniably contributed to the wellness of mankind, from the development of new drugs to the design of materials for energy production and storage. However, this technological progress has also brought forth significant challenges, emphasizing the urgent need to rethink chemistry for more environmentally friendly approaches. In this Review a critical and comprehensive analysis of the sustainability in the preparation of commonly used photocatalysts is performed, by employing mass‐based metrics. Additionally, a comparative evaluation is made between some selected photocatalytic protocols and traditional reactions not relying on light. The objective is to quantitatively evaluate claims of sustainability and greenness commonly associated with photocatalysis, by exploring the real impact of photocatalytic procedures on waste generation. This quantitative approach provides insights into the broader concept of sustainable processes, challenging assumptions and encouraging a more rigorous evaluation of green claims in catalysis. Furthermore, the toxicity of the involved species and the availability of the required chemical elements is commented on to provide a global perspective on the sustainability of the analyzed transformations. The results shed light on the true environmental footprint of photocatalysis and reveal that the notion of green chemistry can sometimes be overstated.
Sustainable Production of Chemicals via Hydrotreating of CO2 and Biomass Derived Molecules Using Heterogeneous Noble Metal Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Naranov Evgeny 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe noble metals are widely used in heterogeneous catalysis and automobile industry. The limited natural sources and high cost of noble metals dictates improving the efficiency of modern industry. This review considers the applications of noble metal oxide as potential solutions to the sustainability issues, including biomass conversion, CO2 capture and conversion, green fuel production, etc. Noble metal oxides with their different compositions (monometallic and bimetallic) and structures exhibit a wide range of properties in heterogeneous catalysis. Although platinum metals in an oxidized form may not be the most common choice in hydroprocesses; recently, there have been studies indicating that they were highly active and selective catalysts in hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis. This review outlines the most established noble metal oxide catalysts used in hydrogenation catalysis and shed the light on the relation of noble metal oxide species to catalyst selectivity based on state‐of‐the‐art techniques. Finally, the perspectives on the application of noble metal oxide catalysts to produce value‐added chemicals are discussed.
Recent Progress in ZIF‐Derived Carbons for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Shen Liu‐Liu , Yong Cong , Xu Yipu , Wu Peiran , Zhang Gui‐Rong , Mei Donghai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) represents a cornerstone for many clean energy conversion technologies such as fuel cells and metal‐air batteries. Nevertheless, the commercialization of these technologies is largely impeded by the slow kinetics of ORR, for which active, durable and cost‐effective ORR catalysts are needed. In recent years, zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) derived carbon materials emerge as a new class of non‐precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) toward ORR, largely benefiting from their high surface area, abundant porosity, tunable chemical/electronic structure, and superior ORR activity which is comparable or even surpasses those state‐of‐the‐art Pt‐based ORR catalysts. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in ZIF‐derived carbons for ORR. The synthesis strategies and the key factors affecting the ORR performance of ZIF‐derived carbon materials are discussed. Future research directions and perspectives on exploring ZIF derived carbons as efficient ORR catalysts are highlighted, with a focus on the principles of rationally engineering the coordination structures of active sites.
Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic CO2 Methanation: From Reaction Fundamentals to Catalyst Developments
Authors: Tian Junbo , Xu Wenqing , Gao Jiajian , Zhu Tingyu , Xu Guangwen , Zhong Ziyi , Su Fabing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTransitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is demanded due to the gradual depletion of petroleum oil/gas and the environmental impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into the atmosphere. Electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2 reduction to methane (CH4) using renewable energy sources is crucial for sustainable chemical/fuel production and greenhouse gas reduction. In recent years, extensive research has focused on understanding the fundamental aspects of the two approaches, such as reaction mechanisms and active sites, and exploring/designing novel catalytic materials. This review initially discusses the reaction fundamentals, including performance evaluation indexes, reactors, and mechanisms, to understand the catalytic reactions. Subsequently, various catalyst preparation strategies and characterization methods are summarized, trying to outline the catalyst design principle based on the obtained understanding of the reaction mechanisms. Finally, research challenges and perspectives for future development in this area are discussed and presented. It is expected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the photo/electrocatalytic CO2 methanation, valuable knowledge to novice researchers, and a helpful reference for future research endeavors.
Enhanced Orientation of Liquid Crystals Inside Micropores of Metal–Organic Frameworks Having Thermoresponsivity
Authors: Anan Shizuka , Kurihara Takuya , Yamaguchi Masaki , Kikuchi Hirotsugu , Kokado Kenta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the aim of controlling the orientation of liquid crystals (LCs) toward realizing external stimuli–responsive materials with tunable functionalities, we synthesized a composite of LCs and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) by filling LCs into the pores of MOFs (LC@MOFs) for the first time. The included LCs interact with the MOFs through coordination bonds between the cyano groups of the LCs and the metal ions of the MOFs, enabling the orientation of the LC molecules inside the pores of the MOFs and the realization of birefringence of LC@MOFs. The three‐dimensional nanometer interstice frameworks maintained the LC orientation even at temperatures much higher than the isotropic phase transition temperature of bulk LCs. Furthermore, the orientational state changed upon heating or cooling, inducing temperature‐dependent birefringence. This study provides a new approach to the development of stimuli–responsive optical materials and stimuli–responsive MOFs.
Aerobic Asymmetric Allylic C−H Alkylation by Synergistic Chiral Primary Amine‐Palladium‐Hydroquinone Catalysis
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhang Long , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA synergistic chiral primary amine/palladium /p‐hydroquinone catalysis was developed to facilitate oxidative asymmetric allylic C−H alkylation under aerobic conditions. The ternary synergistic catalysis enables a facile allylic C−H activation and alkylation with oxygen so that stoichiometric utilization of benzoquinone can be avoided. The identified optimal catalytic system allows for terminal addition to allyl arenes with α‐branched β‐ketocarbonyls to afford allylic adducts bearing all‐carbon quaternary centers with high regio‐ and enantioselectivity. This work provides new insights for further studies on the aerobically oxidative C−H alkylation reaction.
Bayesian Model Selection via Composite Likelihood for High‐dimensional Data Integration
Authors: Zhang Guanlin , Wu Yuehua , Gao Xin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider data integration problems where correlated data are collected from multiple platforms. Within each platform, there are linear relationships between the responses and a collection of predictors. We extend the linear models to include random errors coming from a much wider family of sub‐Gaussian and subexponential distributions. The goal is to select important predictors across multiple platforms, where the number of predictors and the number of observations both increase to infinity. We combine the marginal densities of the responses obtained from different platforms to form a composite likelihood and propose a model selection criterion based on Bayesian composite posterior probabilities. Under some regularity conditions, we prove that the model selection criterion is consistent to recover the union support of the predictors with divergent true model size.
Clustering spatial functional data using a geographically weighted Dirichlet process
Authors: Pan Tianyu , Shen Weining , Hu Guanyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe propose a Bayesian nonparametric clustering approach to study the spatial heterogeneity effect for functional data observed at spatially correlated locations. We consider a geographically weighted Chinese restaurant process equipped with a conditional autoregressive prior to capture fully the spatial correlation of function curves. To sample efficiently from our model, we customize a prior called Quadratic Gamma, which ensures conjugacy. We design a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to infer simultaneously the posterior distributions of the number of groups and the grouping configurations. The superior numerical performance of the proposed method over competing methods is demonstrated using simulated examples and a U.S. annual precipitation study.