bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi-2D Fermi surface in the anomalous superconductor UTe2
Authors: Eaton A. G. , Weinberger T. I. , Popiel N. J. M. , Wu Z. , Hickey A. J. , Cabala A. , Pospíšil J. , Prokleška J. , Haidamak T. , Bastien G. , Opletal P. , Sakai H. , Haga Y. , Nowell R. , Benjamin S. M. , Sechovský V. , Lonzarich G. G. , Grosche F. M. , Vališka M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe heavy fermion paramagnet UTe2exhibits numerous characteristics of spin-triplet superconductivity. Efforts to understand the microscopic details of this exotic superconductivity have been impeded by uncertainty regarding the underlying electronic structure. Here we directly probe the Fermi surface of UTe2by measuring magnetic quantum oscillations in pristine quality crystals. We find an angular profile of quantum oscillatory frequency and amplitude that is characteristic of a quasi-2D Fermi surface, which we find is well described by two cylindrical Fermi sheets of electron- and hole-type respectively. Additionally, we find that both cylindrical Fermi sheets possess considerable undulation but negligible small-scale corrugation, which may allow for their near-nesting and therefore promote magnetic fluctuations that enhance the triplet pairing mechanism. Importantly, we find no evidence for the presence of any 3D Fermi surface sections. Our results place strong constraints on the possible symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in UTe2.
Nlrc3 signaling is indispensable for hematopoietic stem cell emergence via Notch signaling in vertebrates
Authors: Cai Shuyang , Li Honghu , Tie Ruxiu , Shan Wei , Luo Qian , Wang Shufen , Feng Cong , Chen Huiqiao , Zhang Meng , Xu Yulin , Li Xia , Chen Ming , Lu Jiahui , Qian Pengxu , Huang He 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHematopoietic stem and progenitor cells generate all the lineages of blood cells throughout the lifespan of vertebrates. The emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is finely tuned by a variety of signaling pathways. Previous studies have revealed the roles of pattern-recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors and RIG-I-like receptors in hematopoiesis. In this study, we find that Nlrc3, a nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing family gene, is highly expressed in hematopoietic differentiation stages in vivo and vitro and is required in hematopoiesis in zebrafish. Mechanistically, nlrc3 activates the Notch pathway and the downstream gene of Notch hey1. Furthermore, NF-kB signaling acts upstream of nlrc3 to enhance its transcriptional activity. Finally, we find that Nlrc3 signaling is conserved in the regulation of murine embryonic hematopoiesis. Taken together, our findings uncover an indispensable role of Nlrc3 signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence and provide insights into inflammation-related hematopoietic ontogeny and the in vitro expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Diverse array of neutralizing antibodies elicited upon Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle vaccination in rhesus macaques
Authors: Sankhala Rajeshwer S. , Lal Kerri G. , Jensen Jaime L. , Dussupt Vincent , Mendez-Rivera Letzibeth , Bai Hongjun , Wieczorek Lindsay , Mayer Sandra V. , Zemil Michelle , Wagner Danielle A. , Townsley Samantha M. , Hajduczki Agnes , Chang William C. , Chen Wei-Hung , Donofrio Gina C. , Jian Ningbo , King Hannah A. D. , Lorang Cynthia G. , Martinez Elizabeth J. , Rees Phyllis A. , Peterson Caroline E. , Schmidt Fabian , Hart Tricia J. , Duso Debra K. , Kummer Lawrence W. , Casey Sean P. , Williams Jazmean K. , Kannan Shruthi , Slike Bonnie M. , Smith Lauren , Swafford Isabella , Thomas Paul V. , Tran Ursula , Currier Jeffrey R. , Bolton Diane L. , Davidson Edgar , Doranz Benjamin J. , Hatziioannou Theodora , Bieniasz Paul D. , Paquin-Proulx Dominic , Reiley William W. , Rolland Morgane , Sullivan Nancy J. , Vasan Sandhya , Collins Natalie D. , Modjarrad Kayvon , Gromowski Gregory D. , Polonis Victoria R. , Michael Nelson L. , Krebs Shelly J. , Joyce M. Gordon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe repeat emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) with decreased susceptibility to vaccine-elicited antibodies highlights the need to develop next-generation vaccine candidates that confer broad protection. Here we describe the antibody response induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle (SpFN) vaccine candidate adjuvanted with the Army Liposomal Formulation including QS21 (ALFQ) in non-human primates. By isolating and characterizing several monoclonal antibodies directed against the Spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), N-Terminal Domain (NTD), or the S2 Domain, we define the molecular recognition of vaccine-elicited cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) elicited by SpFN. We identify six neutralizing antibodies with broad sarbecovirus cross-reactivity that recapitulate serum polyclonal antibody responses. In particular, RBD mAb WRAIR-5001 binds to the conserved cryptic region with high affinity to sarbecovirus clades 1 and 2, including Omicron variants, while mAb WRAIR-5021 offers complete protection from B.1.617.2 (Delta) in a murine challenge study. Our data further highlight the ability of SpFN vaccination to stimulate cross-reactive B cells targeting conserved regions of the Spike with activity against SARS CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Targeting IL-17A enhances imatinib efficacy in Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Wang Feng , Li Yunxuan , Yang Zhaona , Cao Wenbin , Liu Ying , Zhao Luyao , Zhang Tingting , Zhao Chenxi , Yu Jinmei , Yu Jiaojiao , Zhou Jichao , Zhang Xiaowei , Li Ping-Ping , Han Mingzhe , Feng Sizhou , Ng Billy Wai-Lung , Hu Zhuo-Wei , Jiang Erlie , Li Ke , Cui Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDysregulated hematopoietic niches remodeled by leukemia cells lead to imbalances in immunological mediators that support leukemogenesis and drug resistance. Targeting immune niches may ameliorate disease progression and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-ALL (Ph+ B-ALL). Here, we show that T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and IL-17A expression are distinctively elevated in Ph+ B-ALL patients. IL-17A promotes the progression of Ph+ B-ALL. Mechanistically, IL-17A activates BCR-ABL, IL6/JAK/STAT3, and NF-kB signalling pathways in Ph+ B-ALL cells, resulting in robust cell proliferation and survival. In addition, IL-17A-activated Ph+ B-ALL cells secrete the chemokine CXCL16, which in turn promotes Th17 differentiation, attracts Th17 cells and forms a positive feedback loop supporting leukemia progression. These data demonstrate an involvement of Th17 cells in Ph+ B-ALL progression and suggest potential therapeutic options for Ph+ B-ALL with Th17-enriched niches.
Efficacy of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-99 in the treatment of functional dyspepsia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Guang , Zhao Wen , Wang Xifan , He Jingjing , Zhou Limian , Zhang Xiaoxu , An Peng , Liu Yinghua , Zhang Chengying , Zhang Yong , Liu Simin , Zhao Liang , Liu Rong , Li Yixuan , Jiang Wenjian , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Qingyu , Fang Bing , Zhao Yuyang , Ren Yimei , Niu Xiaokang , Li Dongjie , Shi Shaoqi , Hung Wei-Lian , Wang Ran , Liu Xinjuan , Ren Fazheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCurrent treatment for functional dyspepsia (FD) has limited and unsustainable efficacy. Probiotics have the sustainable potential to alleviate FD. This randomized controlled clinical trial (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000041430) assigned 200 FD patients to receive placebo, positive-drug (rabeprazole), or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BL-99 (BL-99; low, high doses) for 8-week. The primary outcome was the clinical response rate (CRR) of FD score after 8-week treatment. The secondary outcomes were CRR of FD score at other periods, and PDS, EPS, serum indicators, fecal microbiota and metabolites. The CRR in FD score for the BL-99_high group [45 (90.0%)] was significantly higher than that for placebo [29 (58.0%), p = 0.001], BL-99_low [37 (74.0%), p = 0.044] and positive_control [35 (70.0%), p = 0.017] groups after 8-week treatment. This effect was sustained until 2-week after treatment but disappeared 8-week after treatment. Further metagenomic and metabolomics revealed that BL-99 promoted the accumulation of SCFA-producing microbiota and the increase of SCFA levels in stool and serum, which may account for the increase of serum gastrin level. This study supports the potential use of BL-99 for the treatment of FD.
A mode-locked random laser generating transform-limited optical pulses
Authors: von der Weid Jean Pierre , Correia Marlon M. , Tovar Pedro , Gomes Anderson S. L. , Margulis Walter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEver since the mid-1960’s, locking the phases of modes enabled the generation of laser pulses of duration limited only by the uncertainty principle, opening the field of ultrafast science. In contrast to conventional lasers, mode spacing in random lasers is ill-defined because optical feedback comes from scattering centres at random positions, making it hard to use mode locking in transform limited pulse generation. Here the generation of sub-nanosecond transform-limited pulses from a mode-locked random fibre laser is reported. Rayleigh backscattering from decimetre-long sections of telecom fibre serves as laser feedback, providing narrow spectral selectivity to the Fourier limit. The laser is adjustable in pulse duration (0.34–20 ns), repetition rate (0.714–1.22 MHz) and can be temperature tuned. The high spectral-efficiency pulses are applied in distributed temperature sensing with 9.0 cm and 3.3 × 10−3 K resolution, exemplifying how the results can drive advances in the fields of spectroscopy, telecommunications, and sensing.
Elevated CSF GAP-43 is associated with accelerated tau accumulation and spread in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Franzmeier Nicolai , Dehsarvi Amir , Steward Anna , Biel Davina , Dewenter Anna , Roemer Sebastian Niclas , Wagner Fabian , Groß Mattes , Brendel Matthias , Moscoso Alexis , Arunachalam Prithvi , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Ewers Michael , Schöll Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-beta (Aβ) triggers the trans-synaptic spread of tau pathology, and aberrant synaptic activity has been shown to promote tau spreading. Aβ induces aberrant synaptic activity, manifesting in increases in the presynaptic growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), which is closely involved in synaptic activity and plasticity. We therefore tested whether Aβ-related GAP-43 increases, as a marker of synaptic changes, drive tau spreading in 93 patients across the aging and Alzheimer’s spectrum with available CSF GAP-43, amyloid-PET and longitudinal tau-PET assessments. We found that (1) higher GAP-43 was associated with faster Aβ-related tau accumulation, specifically in brain regions connected closest to subject-specific tau epicenters and (2) that higher GAP-43 strengthened the association between Aβ and connectivity-associated tau spread. This suggests that GAP-43-related synaptic changes are linked to faster Aβ-related tau spread across connected regions and that synapses could be key targets for preventing tau spreading in Alzheimer’s disease.
A genome-wide association meta-analysis implicates Hedgehog and Notch signaling in Dupuytren’s disease
Authors: Riesmeijer Sophie A. , Kamali Zoha , Ng Michael , Drichel Dmitriy , Piersma Bram , Becker Kerstin , Layton Thomas B. , Nanchahal Jagdeep , Nothnagel Michael , Vaez Ahmad , Hennies Hans Christian , Werker Paul M. N. , Furniss Dominic , Nolte Ilja M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDupuytren’s disease (DD) is a highly heritable fibrotic disorder of the hand with incompletely understood etiology. A number of genetic loci, including Wnt signaling members, have been previously identified. Our overall aim was to identify novel genetic loci, to prioritize genes within the loci for functional studies, and to assess genetic correlation with associated disorders. We performed a meta-analysis of six DD genome-wide association studies from three European countries and extensive bioinformatic follow-up analyses. Leveraging 11,320 cases and 47,023 controls, we identified 85 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms in 56 loci, of which 11 were novel, explaining 13.3–38.1% of disease variance. Gene prioritization implicated the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways. We also identified a significant genetic correlation with frozen shoulder. The pathways identified highlight the potential for new therapeutic targets and provide a basis for additional mechanistic studies for a common disorder that can severely impact hand function.
Direct laser-written optomechanical membranes in fiber Fabry-Perot cavities
Authors: Tenbrake Lukas , Faßbender Alexander , Hofferberth Sebastian , Linden Stefan , Pfeifer Hannes 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntegrated micro- and nanophotonic optomechanical experiments enable the manipulation of mechanical resonators on the single phonon level. Interfacing these structures requires elaborate techniques limited in tunability, flexibility, and scaling towards multi-mode systems. Here, we demonstrate a cavity optomechanical experiment using 3D-laser-written polymer membranes inside fiber Fabry-Perot cavities. Vacuum coupling rates of g0/2π ≈ 30 kHz to the fundamental megahertz mechanical mode are reached. We observe optomechanical spring tuning of the mechanical resonator frequency by tens of kilohertz exceeding its linewidth at cryogenic temperatures. The direct fiber coupling, its scaling capabilities to coupled resonator systems, and the potential implementation of dissipation dilution structures and integration of electrodes make it a promising platform for fiber-tip integrated accelerometers, optomechanically tunable multi-mode mechanical systems, and directly fiber-coupled systems for microwave to optics conversion.
Orbital-flop transition of superfluid 3He in anisotropic silica aerogel
Authors: Nguyen M. D. , Simon Joshua , Scott J. W. , Zimmerman A. M. , Tsai Y. C. Cincia , Halperin W. P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuperfluid 3He is a paradigm for odd-parity Cooper pairing, ranging from neutron stars to uranium-based superconducting compounds. Recently it has been shown that 3He, imbibed in anisotropic silica aerogel with either positive or negative strain, preferentially selects either the chiral A-phase or the time-reversal-symmetric B-phase. This control over basic order parameter symmetry provides a useful model for understanding imperfect unconventional superconductors. For both phases, the orbital quantization axis is fixed by the direction of strain. Unexpectedly, at a specific temperature Tx, the orbital axis flops by 90∘, but in reverse order for A and B-phases. Aided by diffusion limited cluster aggregation simulations of anisotropic aerogel and small angle X-ray measurements, we are able to classify these aerogels as either “planar" and “nematic" concluding that the orbital-flop is caused by competition between short and long range structures in these aerogels.
Surface hydrophobization of hydrogels via interface dynamics-induced network reconfiguration
Authors: Yi Bo , Li Tianjie , Yang Boguang , Chen Sirong , Zhao Jianyang , Zhao Pengchao , Zhang Kunyu , Wang Yi , Wang Zuankai , Bian Liming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEffective and easy regulation of hydrogel surface properties without changing the overall chemical composition is important for their diverse applications but remains challenging to achieve. We report a generalizable strategy to reconfigure hydrogel surface networks based on hydrogel–substrate interface dynamics for manipulation of hydrogel surface wettability and bioadhesion. We show that the grafting of hydrophobic yet flexible polymeric chains on mold substrates can significantly elevate the content of hydrophobic polymer backbones and reduce the presence of polar groups in hydrogel surface networks, thereby transforming the otherwise hydrophilic hydrogel surface into a hydrophobic surface. Experimental results show that the grafted highly dynamic hydrophobic chains achieved with optimal grafting density, chain length, and chain structure are critical for such substantial hydrogel surface network reconfiguration. Molecular dynamics simulations further reveal the atomistic details of the hydrogel network reconfiguration induced by the dynamic interface interactions. The hydrogels prepared using our strategy show substantially enhanced bioadhesion and transdermal delivery compared with the hydrogels of the same chemical composition but fabricated via the conventional method. Our findings provide important insights into the dynamic hydrogel–substrate interactions and are instrumental to the preparation of hydrogels with custom surface properties.
Resting-state EEG measures cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Anjum Md Fahim , Espinoza Arturo I. , Cole Rachel C. , Singh Arun , May Patrick , Uc Ergun Y. , Dasgupta Soura , Narayanan Nandakumar S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We developed and evaluated an EEG-based biomarker to index cognitive functions in PD from a few minutes of resting-state EEG. We hypothesized that synchronous changes in EEG across the power spectrum can measure cognition. We optimized a data-driven algorithm to efficiently capture these changes and index cognitive function in 100 PD and 49 control participants. We compared our EEG-based cognitive index with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and cognitive tests across different domains from National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox using cross-validations, regression models, and randomization tests. Finally, we externally validated our approach on 32 PD participants. We observed cognition-related changes in EEG over multiple spectral rhythms. Utilizing only 8 best-performing electrodes, our proposed index strongly correlated with cognition (MoCA: rho = 0.68, p value < 0.001; NIH-Toolbox cognitive tests: rho ≥ 0.56, p value < 0.001) outperforming traditional spectral markers (rho = −0.30–0.37). The index showed a strong fit in regression models (R2 = 0.46) with MoCA, yielded 80% accuracy in detecting cognitive impairment, and was effective in both PD and control participants. Notably, our approach was equally effective (rho = 0.68, p value < 0.001; MoCA) in out-of-sample testing. In summary, we introduced a computationally efficient data-driven approach for cross-domain cognition indexing using fewer than 10 EEG electrodes, potentially compatible with dynamic therapies like closed-loop neurostimulation. These results will inform next-generation neurophysiological biomarkers for monitoring cognition in PD and other neurological diseases.
Multiflavor Mott insulators in quantum materials and ultracold atoms
Authors: Chen Gang V. , Wu Congjun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMott insulators with large and active (or multiflavor) local Hilbert spaces widely occur in quantum materials and ultracold atomic systems, and are dubbed “multiflavor Mott insulators”. For these multiflavor Mott insulators, the spin-only description with the quadratic spin interactions is often insufficient to capture the major physical processes. In the situation with active orbitals, the Kugel-Khomskii superexchange model was then proposed. We briefly review this historical model and discuss the modern developments beyond the original spin-orbital context. These include and are not restricted to the 4d/5d transition metal compounds with the spin-orbit-entangled J = 3/2 quadruplets, the rare-earth magnets with two weakly-separated crystal field doublets, breathing magnets and/or the cluster and molecular magnets, et al. We explain the microscopic origin of the emergent Kugel-Khomskii physics in each realization with some emphasis on the J = 3/2 quadruplets, and refer the candidate multiflavor Mott insulators as “J = 3/2 Mott insulators”. For the ultracold atoms, we review the multiflavor Mott insulator realization with the ultracold alkaline and alkaline-earth atoms on the optical lattices. Despite a large local Hilbert space from the atomic hyperfine spin states, the system could naturally realize a large symmetry group such as the Sp(N) and SU(N) symmetries. These ultracold atomic systems lie in the large-N regime of these symmetry groups and are characterized by strong quantum fluctuations. The Kugel-Khomskii physics and the exotic quantum ground states with the “baryon-like” physics can appear in various limits. We conclude with our vision and outlook on this subject.
Positive and negative aspects of bacteriophages and their immense role in the food chain
Authors: Ranveer Soniya Ashok , Dasriya Vaishali , Ahmad Md Faruque , Dhillon Harmeet Singh , Samtiya Mrinal , Shama Eman , Anand Taruna , Dhewa Tejpal , Chaudhary Vishu , Chaudhary Priya , Behare Pradip , Ram Chand , Puniya Dharun Vijay , Khedkar Gulab D. , Raposo António , Han Heesup , Puniya Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBacteriophages infect and replicate inside a bacterial host as well as serve as natural bio-control agents. Phages were once viewed as nuisances that caused fermentation failures with cheese-making and other industrial processes, which lead to economic losses, but phages are now increasingly being observed as being promising antimicrobials that can fight against spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Pathogen-free meals that fulfil industry requirements without synthetic additives are always in demand in the food sector. This study introduces the readers to the history, sources, and biology of bacteriophages, which include their host ranges, absorption mechanisms, lytic profiles, lysogenic profiles, and the influence of external factors on the growth of phages. Phages and their derivatives have emerged as antimicrobial agents, biodetectors, and biofilm controllers, which have been comprehensively discussed in addition to their potential applications in the food and gastrointestinal tract, and they are a feasible and safe option for preventing, treating, and/or eradicating contaminants in various foods and food processing environments. Furthermore, phages and phage-derived lytic proteins can be considered potential antimicrobials in the traditional farm-to-fork context, which include phage-based mixtures and commercially available phage products. This paper concludes with some potential safety concerns that need to be addressed to enable bacteriophage use efficiently.
Cytosolic sorting platform complexes shuttle type III secretion system effectors to the injectisome in Yersinia enterocolitica
Authors: Wimmi Stephan , Balinovic Alexander , Brianceau Corentin , Pintor Katherine , Vielhauer Jan , Turkowyd Bartosz , Helbig Carlos , Fleck Moritz , Langenfeld Katja , Kahnt Jörg , Glatter Timo , Endesfelder Ulrike , Diepold Andreas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBacteria use type III secretion injectisomes to inject effector proteins into eukaryotic target cells. Recruitment of effectors to the machinery and the resulting export hierarchy involve the sorting platform. These conserved proteins form pod structures at the cytosolic interface of the injectisome but are also mobile in the cytosol. Photoactivated localization microscopy in Yersinia enterocolitica revealed a direct interaction of the sorting platform proteins SctQ and SctL with effectors in the cytosol of live bacteria. These proteins form larger cytosolic protein complexes involving the ATPase SctN and the membrane connector SctK. The mobility and composition of these mobile pod structures are modulated in the presence of effectors and their chaperones, and upon initiation of secretion, which also increases the number of injectisomes from ~5 to ~18 per bacterium. Our quantitative data support an effector shuttling mechanism, in which sorting platform proteins bind to effectors in the cytosol and deliver the cargo to the export gate at the membrane-bound injectisome.