bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Nitrogen and Sulphur Levels on Growth Attributes and Yield of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] in Vindhya Plateau Region of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Pandey Shreyansh , Mishra Vikash Prasad , Kher Deepak , Azad Anand Rao , Prakash Anil 
Published: February 2024

In the Rabi season of 2022, a field experiment was conducted in the Vindhya plateau region of Madhya Pradesh at the agricultural field of SAGE University Bhopal. The objective was to investigate the impact of nitrogen and sulfur nutrition on the growth and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The experimental soil, characterized as sandy loam with a slightly alkaline pH, exhibited good drainage. Despite having a moderate amount of available phosphorus and potassium, the soil had low levels of organic carbon and nitrogen, with a low electrical conductivity of 1.65 dS/m (1:2, soil: water).
The experiment comprised 27 nitrogen and sulfur treatment combinations in a split-plot design with three replications. The treatments included three nitrogen levels (100, 120, and 140 kg ha-1) and three sulfur levels (20, 40, and 60 kg ha-1). The mustard variety Giriraj was cultivated, and the study focused on evaluating the effects of these treatments on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake.
Results indicated that various mustard crop attributes, such as plant height, number of green leaves-1, branches plant-1, siliqua plant-1, seeds siliqua-1, and 1000 seed weight, as well as yields (biological, seed, and oil yield), exhibited significant increases with rising nitrogen levels from 100 kg N ha-1 to 140 kg N ha-1. Similarly, applying 60 kg S ha-1 resulted in maximum plant height, number of green leaves, dry matter production, oil yield, and the highest net returns among sulfur levels.
The combination of 140 kg N ha-1 and 60 kg S ha-1 proved to be cost-effective, leading to increased yields, net returns, and a higher B:C ratio compared to other nitrogen and sulfur levels. Therefore, this study recommends the application of 60 kg S ha-1 and 140 kg N ha-1 for enhancing mustard crop yields, net returns, and the benefit-cost ratio.
Development of Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Learning in Polytechnic
Authors: Idris Nur Idil Fitri , Purnamawati  , Djawad Yasser Abdul 
Published: February 2024

This research is to investigate the design, validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Project Based Learning Model in the context of Object Oriented Programming Learning at Polytechnic. This study is categorised as research and development (R&D), employing a learning methodology that is derived from the ADDIE paradigm (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation). Methods of data collection including the utilisation of observation and questionnaires. The data analysis methodologies employed include validity analysis, reliability analysis, practicality analysis, and effectiveness analysis. The study yielded the following results: (1) the Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming Learning encompasses the design of a Learning Model, the identification of Course Learning Outcomes (CPMK), the determination of Learning Outcome Indicators, the selection of Learning Materials, the development of Semester Learning Plans (RPS), the creation of Learning Modules, the formulation of Student Task Plans (RTM), and the establishment of Learning Outcome Assessment Rubrics. (2) The Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming Learning has a validity of 0.84, meeting the criteria for being highly valid. (3) The practicality of implementing the Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming Learning is rated at 3.38, falling under the very practical category. Additionally, the lecturer's responses to this learning model are also highly practical, with a rating of 3.44. (4) The effectiveness of the Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming Learning is rated as high based on student learning test results. Furthermore, students' responses to this learning model are highly effective, with a rating of 3.31. Hence, it can be inferred that the Project Based Learning Model in Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Learning fulfils the requirements of being legitimate, practical, and efficacious for usage at the Polytechnic.
Noise Pollution Status in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Ohaeri, E. C.  , Obafemi A. A.  
Published: February 2024

Noise pollution has gotten more significant as cities have grown more densely populated. This study aimed to assess the noise pollution level in the capital cities of Awa-Ibom, Bayelsa Calabar and Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Noise level measurement was conducted using Noise Level Meter (NM102). Noise level measurement for all sampling locations were conducted on working days (Monday through Friday) between February 2022 and January 2023. Results showed that noise concentration in Port Harcourt ranged between 31 and 103 db(A), 31 and 103 db(A) in Calabar, 32.1-90.1 in Uyo and 30.1-83 db(A) in Yenagoa. The noise levels in Rivers, Calabar and Uyo exceeded the WHO limit of 90 db(A). This has great consequence on the comfort and health of persons residing close to areas with high noise generation. Measure to reduce noise pollution should be put in place in these cities.
Knowledge and Practice of Refractive Error Correction in Medical Students of National Defence University of Malaysia
Authors: Reddy Sagili Chandrasekhara , Ambigga K 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of refractive error correction (spectacles and contact lenses) in medical students of National Defence University of Malaysia using a survey questionnaire.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire was conducted among the medical students from first to fifth year. The questionnaire gathered socio-demographic information, knowledge about refractive errors, methods of vision improvement, as well as knowledge and usage of spectacles and contact lenses. The questionnaire was administered after obtaining written consent. SPSS version 24 software was used for data analysis, calculating frequencies for all variables.
Results: Out of 205 participating medical students, the majority were male (59.5%), Malays (65.9%), and military cadets (74.1%). While 63.7% were aware of refractive errors, only 51.7% knew about treatment options. Of the respondents, 36.3% wore glasses, with only 8% aware of alternatives like contact lenses and laser treatment. Family history indicated 41 families with a history of wearing glasses, and 15.1% knew about lazy eye. Notably, 45.2% preferred spectacles, while 20.5% opted for contact lenses. Among contact lens users (10.9%), 63.6% were aware of associated complications, and 86.4% practiced handwashing. However, only 68.2% cleaned their lenses with prescribed solutions. A subset (22.7%) admitted to sleeping with lenses, and 59.9% discontinued use of contact lenses after eye problems. Reasons for using contact lenses included comfort during military training, outdoor activities, and sports. Factors influencing choice of contact lenses included comfort, cost, ease of maintenance, and cosmetic purposes.
Conclusion: The study highlighted that 36% of medical students wore spectacles, with 11% using contact lenses. While students displayed good knowledge of refractive errors, awareness of treatment options was lacking. Knowledge about contact lenses was generally good, but improper care and compliance were prevalent, posing risks of complications. The findings underscore the importance of education and communication to enhance compliance and mitigate contact lens-related complications in the student population.
PRANAM-Ca: An Eggshell Derived Calcium Fertilizer and Its Impact on Blossom end Rot in Tomato Cultivation
Authors: Bhargaw Akash , Dasgupta Rajarshi , Pooja D. V.  , Hadimani Amaresh , Shetty Mahesh G. , Ghosh S. K. 
Published: February 2024

Eggshells, amounting to a staggering 76.7 million tons annually, are often inadequately disposed of in landfills, leading to significant nutrient loss for both plants and humans, while contributing to environmental pollution and emitting unpleasant odors. In response to these challenges, recent research has been dedicated to repurposing eggshells, exploring their applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, biomedicine, environmental technology, and agriculture. Recognized as an exceptional source of calcium, eggshells offer notable benefits for calcium-demanding crops, including tomatoes, chilli and cotton. In a comprehensive study conducted, we investigated the application of organic foliar calcium derived from eggshells on tomato plants. The results demonstrated substantial improvements in addressing physiological disorders, promoting overall growth, and enhancing yield, signifies the importance of calcium fertilizer for growing healthy crop. With this background, Multiplex R&D team has made an effort to develop an in-house technology to derive the calcium from waste eggshell. Afterwards, how to scale-up and commercialise it as a sprayable form of Organic calcium fertilizer, PRANAM-CA. Present paper aims to describe the technique to derive calcium from eggshell and its impact on managing the blossom end rot in Tomato cultivation under protected glass-house condition.
Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Activities in Garhwal Himalayas: A Comprehensive Analysis on Shifts, Changes and Adaptation Strategies
Authors: Anshu  , Sharma Kaushal Kumar , Pandey Vijendra Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Climate change is adversely affecting many facets of human lives, often varying with the magnitude and scale. The Himalayan environment is showing a perceived change in the climatic parameters and cryosphere response. The aim of the present study is to capture the community perceptions of climate change, and their approaches towards adaptation. A comprehensive field investigation was carried-out in the villages selected within the different elevation range, located in the Garhwal division of Uttarakhand. In the present study, 150 households were surveyed spreading over 25 villages. The analysis shows that most of the respondents (~95%) agreed, about the climate change through their responses, i.e. early and warm summer, short winter months and less snowfall. The variability of precipitation pattern, declining soil fertility and poor yields were the major challenges in agriculture sector, the main source of livelihood of the communities. Traditionally, people are adapting with climatic extremities with adjusting crops Calander, use of improved and high-yielding variety seeds, fertilizer and used of herbicides and pesticides. The findings of the study can be used to prepare policy framework in the climate change adaptations in the Himalayan region.
Amebic Perforation of the Colon: Rare and Frequently Fatal Complication
Authors: Ozdogan Mehmet , Baykal Atac , Aran Omer 
Published: September 2004

AbstractAmebic colitis perforation is a rare clinical form of amebiasis characteristically associated with high morbidity and mortality. We here present our series of eight patients with amebic colitis perforation. These patients represent 5% of 150 patients hospitalized during the same period for chronic amebic colitis. Only 50% of our patients had a correct preoperative diagnosis, and signs of generalized peritonitis such as rebound tenderness or muscular rigidity were not as common as might have been expected. Our mortality rate was 50% despite aggressive surgical treatment. Every effort should be made to have an early diagnosis, which would lead to early treatment with antiamebic agents, earlier and more limited surgery, and improved survival of these patients.
Surgical Repair of Mechanical Complications of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Massad Malek G. , Geha Alexander S. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction are estimated to account for 25,000 fatalities yearly in the United States. The diagnosis necessitates a high degree of clinical suspicion. Once recognized, prompt surgical intervention is necessary because if left untreated the condition frequently causes a fatal outcome. The main determinants of survival are the preoperative hemodynamic status of the patient, the presence of multisystem failure at presentation, and concomitant revascularization during repair of the defect. Because ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death in such patients following repair, coronary artery bypass should be considered and, whenever possible, performed in conjunction with repair of the postinfarct mechanical complication.
Carpal tunnel pressure alters median nerve function in a dose‐dependent manner: A rabbit model for carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Diao Edward , Shao Fang , Liebenberg Ellen , Rempel David , Lotz Jeffrey C. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractBackground: An in vivo animal model for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is presented which allows for graded application of pressure to the median nerve within the carpal canal. We hypothesized that such pressure would cause electrophysiologic changes in the median nerve in a dose‐related manner, with NCS/EMG changes consistent with CTS in humans.Methods: In 40 New Zealand white rabbits, ranging from 2 to 2.5 kg, angioplasty catheters were placed in the carpal tunnel in the forepaws and pressures ranging from 50 to 80 mm Hg applied to one side while the contralateral side served as the control and remained uninflated. Pressure was applied until a 15% increase in distal motor latency was obtained for 2 consecutive weeks by nerve conduction studies.Results: All the experimental limbs exhibited a 15% increase in distal motor latency. None of the control limbs showed a significant increase in distal motor latency. In the experimental animals the 15% delay was achieved in approximately 4–5 weeks in the 50–70 mm Hg groups and in approximately 1 week in the 80 mm Hg group.Conclusion: This new animal model for CTS demonstrates a direct cause and effect relationship between carpal tunnel pressure and median nerve dysfunction. We anticipate that this in vivo model with clinically relevant outcomes will facilitate identification of injury mechanisms, and will serve as a basis for future development of novel interventions and treatments. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Asymmetric atrophy of the supraspinatus muscle following tendon tear
Authors: Meyer Dominik C. , Pirkl Christoph , Pfirrmann Christian W. A. , Zanetti Marco , Gerber Christian 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMuscle atrophy is a known consequence of muscle disuse, muscle denervation and tendon tear. Whereas after nerve injury muscle atrophies in the denervated area, the distribution of muscle atrophy following tear of its tendon is not known.Standardized MRI scans of 64 consecutive, painful shoulders were evaluated for supraspinatus tendon tearing, myotendinous retraction, supraspinatus muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration, ratio of the scapular (deep) and fascial (superficial) muscle area (“symmetry”) and position of the central tendon within the supraspinatus fossa.There were thirteen shoulders with no and eleven shoulders with partial thickness supraspinatus tendon tears. In the forty cases with full thickness tendon tear, there was significant muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Atrophy of the fascial muscle portion was 43%, on the bony side it was 9% (p < 0.005). The position of the central tendon within the supraspinatus fossa, was unaltered.Muscular changes following tendon tear occur highly asymmetrically: The muscle portion originating from the fascia primarily atrophies, the portion originating from the scapula primarily undergoes fatty infiltration. Muscular changes are not simply a consequence of muscle disuse, but dependent on architectural changes in the muscle. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Movement of the posterior cruciate ligament during knee flexion—MRI analysis
Authors: Komatsu Takeshi , Kadoya Yoshinori , Nakagawa Shigeru , Yoshida Gen , Takaoka Kunio 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe movement of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) during flexion of the living knee is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the movement of the PCL using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The posterior cruciate ligaments in 20 normal knees were visualized using MRI from extension to deep flexion. Sagittal inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the tibia was measured and analyzed with reference to the patellar tendon (PT) and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Although the PCL was slack in extension, it straightened with anterior inclination (24.1 ± 5.1°) at 90° flexion. At active maximum flexion (129.2 ± 8.1°), the ligament was almost parallel (3.9 ± 7.4° inclination) to the longitudinal axis of the tibia. At passive maximum flexion (158.8 ± 5.8°), the inclination was reversed anteroposteriorly, measuring −23.0 ± 6.7°. The PCL and PT moved in a corresponding manner within 20° of discrepancy. The results of this in vivo study of the PCL have clinical relevance to conservative therapy for PCL knee injuries. The results of this study could also be useful in PCL reconstruction surgery to determine the optimum graft position to allow maximum postoperative motion. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Superiority of network motifs over optimal networks and an application to the revelation of gene network evolution
Authors: Ott S. , Hansen A. , Kim S.-Y. , Miyano S. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractMotivation: Estimating the network of regulative interactions between genes from gene expression measurements is a major challenge. Recently, we have shown that for gene networks of up to around 35 genes, optimal network models can be computed. However, even optimal gene network models will in general contain false edges, since the expression data will not unambiguously point to a single network.Results: In order to overcome this problem, we present a computational method to enumerate the most likely m networks and to extract a widely common subgraph (denoted as gene network motif) from these. We apply the method to bacterial gene expression data and extensively compare estimation results to knowledge. Our results reveal that gene network motifs are in significantly better agreement to biological knowledge than optimal network models. We also confirm this observation in a series of estimations using synthetic microarray data and compare estimations by our method with previous estimations for yeast. Furthermore, we use our method to estimate similarities and differences of the gene networks that regulate tryptophan metabolism in two related species and thereby demonstrate the analysis of gene network evolution.Availability: Commercial license negotiable with Gene Networks Inc. (cherkis@gene-networks.com)Contact: sascha-ott@gmx.net
Recombinant guinea pig CCL5 (RANTES) differentially modulates cytokine production in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Skwor Troy A , Cho Hyosun , Cassidy Craig , Yoshimura Teizo , McMurray David N 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe CC chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5; regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted) is known to recruit and activate leukocytes; however, its role in altering the responses of host cells to a subsequent encounter with a microbial pathogen has rarely been studied. Recombinant guinea pig (rgp)CCL5 was prepared, and its influence on peritoneal and alveolar macrophage activation was examined by measuring cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in cells stimulated with rgpCCL5 alone or exposed to rgpCCL5 prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Levels of mRNA for guinea pig tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), and CXC chemokine ligand 8 (IL-8) were analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis using SYBR Green. Bioactive TNF-α protein concentration was measured using the L929 bioassay. Both macrophage populations displayed significant enhancement of all the genes and TNF-α protein levels when stimulated with rgpCCL5, except for CCL2 in alveolar macrophages. When peritoneal or alveolar macrophages were pretreated with rgpCCL5 for 2 h and then exposed to low concentrations of LPS, diminished cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels were apparent at 6 h compared with LPS alone. At the protein level, there was a reduction in TNF-α protein at 6 h in the CCL5-pretreated cells compared with LPS alone. These results further support a role for CCL5 in macrophage activation in addition to chemotactic properties and suggest a role in regulating the inflammatory response to LPS in the guinea pig by modulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages.
Bounding the optimal burn‐in time for a system with two types of failure
Authors: Cha Ji Hwan , Lee Sangyeol , Mi Jie 
Published: September 2004

AbstractBurn‐in is a widely used method to improve the quality of products or systems after they have been produced. In this paper, we consider the problem of determining bounds to the optimal burn‐in time and optimal replacement policy maximizing the steady state availability of a repairable system. It is assumed that two types of system failures may occur: One is Type I failure (minor failure), which can be removed by a minimal repair, and the other is Type II failure (catastrophic failure), which can be removed only by a complete repair. Assuming that the underlying lifetime distribution of the system has a bathtub‐shaped failure rate function, upper and lower bounds for the optimal burn‐in time are provided. Furthermore, some other applications of optimal burn‐in are also considered. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004
Host‐defence skin peptides of the Australian Common Froglet Crinia signifera: sequence determination using positive and negative ion electrospray mass spectra
Authors: Maselli Vita M. , Brinkworth Craig S. , Bowie John H. , Tyler Michael J. 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe amino acid sequences of seven signiferin peptides are provided by consideration of tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) data for the respective MH+ and [MH]− precursor ions. These methods do not differentiate between isomeric residues Leu and Ile; these were identified using the Edman degradation technique. The sequence of signiferin 1, a new smooth muscle contracting neuropeptide (RLCIPYIIPC‐OH) containing a disulfide bridge, is best determined using the collision‐induced dissociation (CID) spectrum of the [MH]− anion. The initial fragmentation of this system involves loss of H2S2, which furnishes an open‐chain system that is readily sequenced using the α and β backbone cleavage anions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intravenous opioid testing in patients with chronic non‐cancer pain
Authors: Gustorff Burkhard 
Published: September 2004

AbstractThe clinical use of an intravenous opioid testing can help to predict whether opioids will be beneficial. The determination of individual opioid responsiveness justifies subsequent long‐term opioid treatment and is generally recommended. An overview over current testing procedures is given with particular regard to choice of opioid, maximum dose, determination of endpoints and duration of testing and recovery.Remifentanil testing is a new approch and is studied in a randomized placebo‐controlled cross‐over study in 24 patients suffering from severe non‐cancer pain. An ascending infusion of remifentanil and placebo respectively was titrated against endpoints. The testing allowed a disctinction between 11 opioid‐responders and 13 non‐responders. Complete recovery after end of infusion was rapid with a reach of baseline conditions after 25 min in all patients. Thus the complete remifentanil testing procedure required at utmost 1 h. In conclusion, remifentanil testing offers a more rapid procedure allowing the routine use in an ambulatory setting.