bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserving the Quality of Fresh‐Cut Guava (Psidium guajava L.) With an Aloe Vera‐Based Multilayered Polysaccharide Edible Coating
Authors: Patel Kamlesh S. , Sharma Sonu , Patel Prakash R. , Rao T. V. Ramana , Rao Madaraboina Venkateswara 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGuava (Psidium guajava L.) is a nutritionally valuable fruit, but its shelf life significantly decreases once cut. Edible coatings can mitigate this issue. This study evaluated various coatings, including xanthan gum (0.25%), HPMC (0.1%), and cinnamic acid (0.1%), both individually and in combination, as well as Aloe vera gel combined with these ingredients. The quality of fresh‐cut guava slices was assessed under the storage temperature of 10°C. Coated samples showed significantly better retention of physicochemical attributes than untreated controls. Aloe vera gel, particularly when combined with HPMC (0.1%), was most effective in preserving total phenolic content, Vitamin C, DPPH activity, and sensory qualities, primarily due to its ability to limit oxygen availability and prevent oxidative degradation. The combination of Aloe vera gel, cinnamic acid, and xanthan gum also performed well across all parameters. HPMC's flexibility, odorlessness, and resistance to oils and fats enhance its effectiveness as an oxygen and aroma barrier. In conclusion, the combined use of Aloe vera gel, cinnamic acid, and xanthan gum effectively preserved the quality and extended the shelf life of fresh‐cut guava.
Up‐to‐dateness of German patient versions of clinical practice guidelines and potential influencing factors: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Hellbrecht Irma , Könsgen Nadja , Pieper Dawid , Prediger Barbara , Breuing Jessica 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) provide recommendations and are a fundamental part of clinical practice. Many guideline organisations also produce patient versions of CPGs (PVGs). To explore the up‐to‐dateness of German PVGs, potential methodological influence factors and experts' perspectives, we applied a convergent mixed‐methods design.MethodsFirst, a literature search to identify PVGs was performed between October 2022 and January 2023. We searched the websites of German guideline organisations, Google and the reference lists of included PVGs. We screened the title, downloaded the documents if relevant and retrieved the underlying CPGs and methods reports of CPGs. We aggregated the literature search dates of CPGs and calculated the time between the CPG literature search and PVG publication. Second, interviews with experts in the PVG development were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis (Mayring) with MAXQDA.Results49 PVGs were included and analysed. A median of 36 months elapsed between the literature search of CPGs and the publication of PVGs. A median of 25 months passed between the literature search and publication of CPGs, and a median of 7.5 months elapsed between the CPG and PVG publication. Six interviews were conducted and interviewees mostly perceived PVGs as up‐to‐date. However, they identified exceptions in the up‐to‐dateness depending on the topic or thematic chapters of PVGs. Interviewees mentioned different influencing factors such as the scientific progress and the editorial process of PVGs.DiscussionOur findings underline potential issues with the up‐to‐dateness of PVGs. In the context of a fast‐moving evidence basis, it seems doubtful whether PVGs actually reflect the current state of knowledge, especially in fields with high research activity. However, some factors may not be modifiable because they essentially contribute to the quality assurance of PVGs. Further research is desirable to investigate possible measures to improve the up‐to‐dateness of PVGs.
A Novel Framework for Estimating the Bowen Ratio Over Small Water Bodies
Authors: Rezazadeh Amir , Akbarzadeh Pooria , ShahMardan Mohammad Mohsen , Aminzadeh Milad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Bowen ratio, defined as the ratio of sensible to latent heat flux, is crucial for quantifying land‐atmosphere energy exchanges and evaporation rates from terrestrial surfaces. Despite extensive research on the Bowen ratio over placid water surfaces (e.g., lakes), further investigation is needed to understand its dynamics in small reservoirs subjected to water inflow/outflow (i.e., surface flows) and wind. To address this knowledge gap, the evaporation rate and the sensible heat exchanges are measured between the water surface and overlying air in a small laboratory basin under different water surface flow rates (1.0–10.5 l min−1) and wind speeds (0–2.0 m s−1). Three different wind flow conditions are explored: no wind, headwind (opposing the water surface flow), and tailwind (aligning with water surface flow). The findings indicate strong correlations between sensible heat flux, water surface flow rate, and wind speed, particularly under headwind conditions. Nevertheless, concerning the latent heat flux, the measurements demonstrate that for each wind condition, the evaporation reaches its minimum value in a certain water surface flow rate, resulting in the highest value of the Bowen ratio. To facilitate the application of these laboratory findings for estimating the Bowen ratio under real environmental conditions, mathematical relationships using dimensionless numbers obtained through non‐linear regression analysis are established. The results exhibit a good agreement with measurements in a small water basin.
Seasonal and Inter‐Annual Dynamics in Water Quality and Stream Metabolism in a Beaver‐Impacted Drought‐Sensitive Lowland Catchment
Authors: Wang Famin , Tetzlaff Doerthe , Birkel Christian , Freymueller Jonas , Wu Songjun , Jordan Sylvia , Soulsby Chris 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIncreasing drought frequency and severity from climate change are causing streamflow to become increasingly intermittent in many areas. This has implications for the spatio‐temporal characteristics of water quality regimes which need to be understood in terms of risks to the provision of clean water for public supplies and instream habitats. Recent advances in sensor technology allow reliable and accurate high‐resolution monitoring of a growing number of water quality parameters. Here, we continuously monitored a suite of water quality parameters over 3 years in an intermittent stream network in the eutrophic, lowland Demnitzer Millcreek catchment, Germany. We focused on the effects of wetland systems impacted by beaver dams on the diurnal, seasonal and inter‐annual variation in water quality dynamics at two sites, upstream and downstream of these wetlands. We then used the data to model stream metabolism. Dissolved oxygen and pH were higher upstream of the wetlands, while conductivity, turbidity, chlorophyll a and phosphorous concentrations were higher downstream. We found clear diurnal cycling of dissolved oxygen and pH at both sites. These dynamics were correlated with seasonal hydroclimatic changes and stream metabolism, becoming increasingly pronounced as temperatures increased and flows decreased in spring and summer. Upstream of the wetlands this corresponded to the stream rapidly becoming increasingly heterotrophic as modelled Gross Primary Production (GPP) was exceeded by Ecosystem Respiration (ER). Downstream, where GPP was lower, the stream was usually strongly heterotrophic and prone to increasingly hypoxic conditions (i.e., insufficient oxygen) before streamflow ceased in summer. This coincided with lower velocities and deeper channels in beaver impacted areas. Seasonal and inter‐annual variations in water quality were found to mainly correlate with hydroclimatic factors (particularly temperature) and their influence on streamflow. This study highlights that heterotrophy and hypoxia in lowland rivers in central Europe is an important seasonal feature of intermittent streams where agricultural landscapes continue leaching nutrients. These insights contribute to an evidence base for understanding how climate change will affect the quantity and quality of rural water resources in intermittent lowland streams with wetlands where the presence of beavers requires management responses.
The Role of Gratitude in Appreciative Joy's Contribution to Subjective Well‐Being
Authors: Wang Rong , Zhou Jingyi , Zhang Yang , Gu Xiaodan , Zeng Xianglong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAppreciative joy is one of four immeasurables emphasised in Buddhism. There are similarities and differences between appreciative joy and gratitude, but their combined roles in improving subjective well‐being (SWB) are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between appreciative joy and gratitude and their contribution to SWB. Study 1 utilised a cross‐sectional survey to evaluate the relationships among appreciative joy, gratitude, and SWB. Study 2 used a randomised controlled trial to explore the effects of a four‐week appreciative joy meditation (AJM) training and the underlying mechanisms. The results of Study 1 indicated a moderate positive correlation between appreciative joy and gratitude, and gratitude partially mediated the appreciative joy–SWB relationship. Study 2 further supported the idea that AJM training could increase appreciative joy and gratitude at the one‐month follow‐up. Furthermore, changes in gratitude caused by the intervention were mediated by appreciative joy. However, since SWB significantly improved at post‐measures, we cannot conclude that appreciative joy and gratitude mediated the intervention effect on SWB. Our findings expand the underlying mechanisms of appreciative joy beyond interpersonal domains and highlight the importance of gratitude in understanding the effects of the Buddhist four immeasurable meditations.
Using Digital Integrated Community Case Management to Strengthen Protocol Adherence Over the Sick Child Recording Form for Under‐Five Children Referrals From Community to Higher Level Facilities in Malawi: Affordance Perspective
Authors: Matewere Florence , Kaasbøll Jens Johan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAn effective referral system at the community level of healthcare for under‐five children manages health needs by fostering relationships across all levels of healthcare, enabling patients to receive the best possible care and, in the process, saving lives. However, identifying those who need urgent referral mostly depends on community health workers (CHWs) commitment, which some studies have found inadequate due to nonadherence to the integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) Protocol, a protocol aimed at reducing child mortality and morbidity. Studies have shown that employing mobile Health (mHealth) may circumvent some of the limitations of paper‐based iCCM protocol for patient referrals, which include assessment and treatment of under‐five children. Despite the known benefits of mHealth in supporting CHWs, studies analyzing how the affordance of digital iCCM may strengthen protocol adherence over paper‐based iCCM are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze how the actualization of digital iCCM may strengthen protocol adherence over the SCRF, consequently, improving referrals from the community to the higher‐level facilities for specialized treatment. The data captured from interviews, focus groups, informal chats, observation and document analysis were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. We found that the Sick Child Recording Form faces challenges due to nonadherence to set guidelines, resulting in misclassification, incorrect drug prescriptions, and consequently, delays in referring patients with acute symptoms to health facilities for specialized treatment. As a contribution, this paper offers a new perspective on the technological affordances of digital iCCM that strengthen protocol adherence in patients' referrals from the community to the higher‐level facilities that include assessment and treatment.
Experimental Research on the Process and Performance of Composite Dressing‐Assisted Laser Joining of Ruptured Tendons
Authors: Huang Jun , Li Yanyu , Yan Mintao , Wu Jinjin , Wang Kehong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTendon tissue plays an important role in transmitting the force, increasing the incidence of serious tendon injuries. The clinical method of tendon tissue repair is contact surgical suture, which has the problem of high requirements for surgery. Laser has a noncontact feature that can reduce postoperative complications. However, the tissue has low tensile strength due to the weak ability to absorb the energy. Dressing‐assisted laser joining of ruptured tendons can improve the tensile strength of ruptured tendon tissue. The enhancement effect of the dressing was tested, and the mechanical properties and thermal damage of the tendon tissue were analyzed. The results show that with 0.005% SWCNTS +0.3% ICG, the tensile strength can be achieved at 1.30 MPa, the collagen content can be achieved at 27.68% and the degree of thermal denaturation is only 0.31. The results have important value for further research on tendon tissue repair techniques.
Meeting California Climate Change Standards: Understanding the Regional and Local Transportation Coalitions Throughout California
Authors: Bick Naomi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTResearch on local and state climate change policy has grown extensively in the last 15−20 years. However, regional climate change, particularly as it relates to transportation policymaking and administration, remains an understudied area of climate change research around the world. Transportation work crosses multiple levels of government, making it challenging to evaluate and leaving room for additional studies. California, as an environmental leader and a major source of transportation emissions, provides an excellent backdrop for understanding the intersection of climate change and transportation policy. Using qualitative data about transportation groups in California cities and regions, this study will help us understand how transportation policy subsystems have evolved to consider sustainability and climate change goals along with the transportation needs of residents. This project investigates sources of conflict and agreement among transportation interest groups to better understand how coalitions operate within this important subsystem. Transportation and climate change planning connects research on justice, governance, infrastructure support, and environmental equity while providing needed knowledge about one of the largest climate champions in the world: the state of California.
Understanding Role of Maternal Separation in Depression, Anxiety,and Pain Behaviour: A Mini Review of Preclinical Research With Focus on Neuroinflammatory Pathways
Authors: Mohammadi Shima , Bashghareh Alieh , Karimi‐Zandi Leila , Mokhtari Tahmineh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTContact between mother and child is essential for the proper development of an infant's physiological systems, brain maturation and behavioural outcomes. Early life stress (ELS), which includes factors such as inadequate parental care and childhood abuse, significantly increases the risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. This review examines the impact of maternal separation (MS) on depression, anxiety and pain behaviour, with a particular emphasis on neuroinflammatory pathways. Experiences of ELS can adversely affect the maturation of neurotransmitter systems and associated neural circuits that are crucial for processing painful stimuli and regulating anxiety and depression. Stressful experiences trigger inflammatory processes in the brain, initiating immune responses in neural cells and stimulating the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. In mammals, MS serves as a significant stressor that activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and other stress‐related systems, leading to increased immune challenges and heightened pain sensitivity in adulthood due to systemic inflammation. Key inflammatory mediators, such as IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α, play critical roles in the development of pathological pain, while the activation of microglia releases inflammatory mediators that contribute to neurological dysfunction and the pathophysiology of stress, depression and anxiety. Moreover, therapeutics targeting oxidative stress and inflammation have shown promise in alleviating affective disorders following MS. This review discusses potential pathways, with a primary focus on neuroinflammatory mechanisms and the therapeutic strategies that may mitigate the adverse effects of MS. There is a pressing need for further research to elucidate the underlying pathways and identify effective interventions to improve mental health outcomes in individuals affected by MS.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Bisphenol A by a Novel MOF/CuFe2O4 Composite in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Javed Khalid , Bilal Muhammad , Abbas Naseem , Mahmood Sajid , Fazal Tanzeela , Iqbal Shahid , Alotaibi Khalid M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe synergistic effects of a CuFe₂O₄ and cobalt/nickel metal organic framework (Co/Ni‐MOF) based composite (MOF/CuFe₂O₄) were explored for photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA), various MOF/CuFe₂O₄ composites were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, By adjusting CuFe₂O₄ to Co/Ni‐MOF mass ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 and were denoted as MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (2:1), MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (1:1), and MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (1:2), respectively. The composite MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (1:1) with a band gap energy (Eg) of 2.28 eV exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity achieving 98% degradation of a 10 ppm BPA solution under visible light (50 W) irradiation within 75 min, at pH 3, 25°C. This process achieved a quantum yield (QY) of 9.10 × 10−6 molecules photon−1 and a space‐time yield (SY) of 9.10 × 10−7, highlighting the composite's efficiency and potential for practical applications. Visible‐light absorption efficiency improved as photon energy increased (25 to 50 W) and facilitated the generation of radicals. Kinetic studies indicated a first‐order reaction rate (R2 = 0.964) for BPA photodegradation by MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (1:1) composite. Additionally, the MOF/CuFe₂O₄ composite demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) under light compared with dark environment. Remarkably, the composite maintained its photocatalytic efficiency over at least six cycles. The results of the current study highlight the effectiveness and reusability of the MOF/CuFe₂O₄ (1:1) composite as a nanomaterial for the photodegradation of BPA and its potential applications in water treatment.
Food Restriction During Development Impairs Reproductive Success but not Ornamentation in Zebra Finches
Authors: Coutts Victoria M. , Messerly Kayci I. , Wada Haruka 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTStress during development can elicit lifelong changes to an organism. However, whether these changes are beneficial or detrimental can only be determined by their effect on fitness outcomes. Furthermore, the effect of severe, chronic food restriction on the development of ornamentation, which can influence attractiveness, still needs to be explored. In this study, zebra finches (Taeniopygia castanotis) were exposed to either an ad libitum (control) diet or a 40% restricted (food‐restricted) diet throughout postnatal development. Pictures of beaks and cheek patches were captured throughout the juvenile period and into adulthood to measure the development of secondary sexual characteristics. In adulthood, females were paired with nonexperimental males to measure reproductive success. There was no effect of treatment on beak color development or final beak color, but food‐restricted males developed cheek patches slower and had more asymmetry during cheek patch development. However, food restriction did not impact the final cheek patch color or size. Food‐restricted females were found to have lower reproductive success than control females. These results suggest that while cheek patch ornamentation can experience ‘catch‐up growth’, and beak and cheek patch color do not reflect past developmental stress exposure, developmental food restriction impairs female reproductive success in a short‐lived passerine.
Assessment of Long‐Term Safety and Efficacy of Purple Sweet Potato Color (PSPC) and Myo‐Inositol (MI) Treatment for Motor Related and Behavioral Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Classic Galactosemia
Authors: Bellagamba Olivia , Guo Aaron j , Senthilkumar Sandhya , Lillevik Synneva Hagen , De Biase Davide , Lai Kent , Balakrishnan Bijina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTClassic galactosemia (CG) is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by mutations in the GALT gene encoding the enzyme galactose‐1 phosphate uridylyltransferase in galactose metabolism. The condition develops as a potentially fatal illness during the newborn period, but its acute clinical manifestations can be alleviated through a galactose restricted diet. Nonetheless, such dietary intervention is inadequate in preventing significant long‐term consequences, including neurological impairments, growth restriction, cognitive delays, and, for most females, primary ovarian insufficiency. At present, no effective therapy exists to stop the progression of these complications, highlighting the urgent need for new treatment approaches to be developed. Supplements have been used in the treatment of other inborn errors of metabolism; however, they are not typically included in the clinical therapeutic regimen for CG. Recently, our research team has demonstrated that two generally recognized as safe supplements (purple weet potato color, PSPC and myo‐inositol, MI) have been effective in partially restoring functions in the ovaries of our GalT‐KO mouse model. However, the toxicological profile of both PSPC and MI has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the acute (30 days) and chronic (180 days) oral toxicities of PSPC and MI both in WT control and GalT‐KO mice. Furthermore, our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of oral feeding of PSPC and MI in correcting motor‐related and behavioral phenotypes in GalT‐KO mice. The long‐term treatment of MI at a lower dose demonstrated promising improvements in motor deficit and anxiety driven hyperactivity in the mutant mice.