bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of multivariate analysis of surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra using simple machine-learning models: Prediction of the composition of mixed self-assembled monolayer on gold surface
Authors: Nishitsuji Ryosuke , Kawasaki Daiki , Nakashima Tomoharu , Sueyoshi Kenji , Hisamoto Hideaki , Endo Tatsuro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the multivariate analysis of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra using simple machine-learning models. Substrates with gold nanostructures whose surfaces contain self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of mixed benzene thiol derivatives (as model molecules) are fabricated, and their SERS spectra are acquired. After preprocessing, the spectra are analyzed using different machine-learning models to compare the prediction accuracies of the mixing compositions of the SAM reagents. The results show that linear discriminant analysis (LDA) achieves the highest prediction accuracy for each combination. The accuracy of LDA (0.996) is higher than that of linear analysis with one variable (0.656), which is conventionally employed in analytical chemistry. The prediction accuracy is 0.994 even when the spectral data of three different SAM reagents are combined into a single data-set, which is used for predictions. This suggests that the model exhibits high performance even when the number of prediction categories increases. We analyze the SERS spectrum with a simple model such as LDA and achieve highly accurate predictions of the mixing compositions of the SAM reagents. This indicates that, even when the measurement data of the SERS spectra are scarce, highly accurate predictions can be made through analysis using a simple prediction model.
Maximizing Consumers’ Satisfaction with Risk Decision in Distributed Energy Systems: A Proof-of-Prospect Blockchain Consensus
Mechanism
Authors: Tang Changbing , Xie Yuqi , Chen Zhiyi , Bao Zheng , Zheng Zhonglong , Liu Yang , Yu Xinghuo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose: With the increasing decentralization of energy systems, traditional optimization schemes have become inadequate in maximizing consumers' satisfaction for energy allocation. This challenge may be addressed by blockchain thanks to its decentralization. However, existing blockchains have not been integrated their consensus mechanisms with mathematical optimization of energy allocation in the application layer. Especially, there are no consensus mechanisms of blockchains designed to support the satisfaction optimization with risk decisions of energy allocation. Therefore, we aim to propose a consensus mechanism, named Proof-of-Prospect (PoP), to maximize consumers' satisfaction with risk decisions in distributed energy allocation systems.
Methods: Inspired by the fact that the solutions are hard to find but easy to verify, PoP replaces the inefficient mining in Proof-of-Work by the satisfaction optimization problem with risk decisions, thus improving satisfaction while avoiding excessive energy waste.
Results: The results demonstrate that compared with existing consensus mechanisms, PoP ensures reliability and fairness while enhances consumer satisfaction and integrates satisfaction optimization to reduce energy consumption.
A Total Ranking of Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Numbers with Multi-criteria Decision Making
Authors: M Abirami K , R Srikanth , P Dhanasekaran 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the class of linear Diophantine fuzzy numbers (LDFNs) is divided into three main subclasses in which four different score functions namely improved score function (ISF), improved quadratic score function (IQSF), improved expectation score function (IESF) and non-linear score function (NLSF) are introduced and some of its important properties are proved and validated by illustrative examples. Further a total order relation is introduced based on three subclasses on LDFNs to rank any two LDFNs and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem is used to validate the proposed methods and compared with some of the existing methods under linear Diophantine fuzzy environment.
Dairy goat performance in two grazing regimes (silvopastoral rangeland or abandoned agricultural land) and two supplementation treatments in central Mexico
Authors: Sainz-Ramírez Aurora , Castro-Montoya Joaquín M. , López-González Felipe , Arriaga-Jordan Carlos M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Twenty Saanen third parturition dairy goats were used in an on-farm 2 × 2 factorial arrangement that ran for 12 weeks, with two grazing regimes and two concentrate types. The grazing regimes evaluated were an extensive silvopastoral native rangeland (SPR) and grazing in an abandoned agricultural land (AAL). Grazing happened between 9:00 and 17:00 h. The two types of concentrate supplement were a high in protein (HP= 200g commercial concentrate/50g ground maize grain) or high in energy (HE= 50g concentrate/200g ground maize grain). Goats were milked once a day, providing 250 g of concentrate supplement per goat and day. Variables analysed were fat and protein corrected milk yield recorded every day, and milk composition determined for two consecutive days at the end of each experimental week. The floristic composition of grazing fields was recorded. The data was analysed with the R software using a mixed model with day nested in period as random effect and goat as repeated measure. The SPR had higher (P=0.002) fat and protein corrected milk yield than AAL, with no differences between concentrate type and no interaction (P>0.05). There was an interaction (P<0.01) between grazing regime and concentrate type for fat content in milk, where a reduction in fat content was obvious in the SPR regime. Protein content of milk was higher (P<0.01) in SPR with no significant effects of concentrate type or the interaction. Number of plant species in SPR was higher. Native silvopastoral systems showed the potential for stable milk yields of specialised dairy goats with higher milk fat and protein content.
Optimizing Aerodynamic Efficiency in Subsonic Flows: A Parametric Analysis of Bio-Inspired Flaps using Asymptotic Methods
Authors: Eddegdag Nasser , Naamane Aze-eddine , Radouani Mohammed , Akhmari Hajar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This research is focused on optimizing aircraft performance by harnessing the principles of avian covert feathers, specifically through the passive control of subsonic laminar incompressible boundary layers on airfoils. The exigency of this study is rooted in the growing need for more aerodynamically efficient aircraft, especially in light of increasing fuel costs and environmental concerns. To achieve this, the study employs a robust mathematical framework that amalgamates asymptotic methods, perturbation techniques, and triple-deck boundary layer theory, aiming for a rigorous quantification of aerodynamic behavior under various flight conditions. Three key parameters are meticulously scrutinized: the corrective parameter b, the flap position s0, and the flap angle β. These parameters are analysed for their impact on the lift (Cl) and drag (Cd) coefficients over a range of angles of attack (α). A notable outcome of this research is the identification of b as a pivotal variable that plays a stabilizing role in the aerodynamic system. Through extensive asymptotical modelling and non-linear stability analysis, it was deduced that b is indispensable for managing lift-to-drag ratios effectively across fluctuating flight conditions. To translate these theoretical findings into practical applications, the study introduces a comprehensive parametric landscape. This landscape serves as a decision-making tool by outlining how the parameters s0 and β behave across varying α scenarios, thereby providing actionable insights for airfoil configuration. Importantly, these results bear significant implications for the aerospace industry. They offer a pathway for the development of more efficient airfoils that promise reduced drag and, consequently, diminished fuel consumption.
Assessment of Selenium and Mercury Levels in Breast Tissue of Malignant and Healthy Female Patients in Pakistan: Implications for Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment
Authors: Unar Ahsanullah , Fouad Dalia , Ataya Farid S. , Alsawalha Laila , Chanihoon Ghulam Qadir , Bashir Muhammad Sohail 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can cause numerous health issues, including immune and endocrine system disruption, respiratory problems, metabolic issues, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular problems, growth impairment, neurological and learning disabilities, and cancers such as breast cancer. In Pakistan, breast cancer is prevalent, with approximately 1,000 new cases annually, and 40,000 women are affected due to untreated cases. This study aimed to detect essential traces of selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) in biological samples (scalp hair and blood) from female patients with breast cancer in Pakistan. This study found that patients with different types of breast cancer had lower Se levels in scalp hair and blood samples and higher Hg levels than healthy participants (p < 0.003). The study also found that malignant neoplasms were more common in dense breasts than in non-dense breasts. This study suggests that the balance between carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects is critical in determining the severity of breast cancer and that human carcinogenic effects are significant. Hematological markers play a crucial role in determining disease severity, and the results of this study will be beneficial for treating female patients with breast cancer and improving their quality of life.
Development and validation of a scale to measure hypertensive Chinese individual’s behavior toward salt reduction consumption
Authors: han le , liu ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the Salt Reduction Behavior Scale (SRBS) to measure the behavior of hypertensive Chinese individuals in adhering to salt reduction practices.
Methods: The SRBS was constructed based on the Health Belief Model, consisting of five constructs: knowledge, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. Data were collected from 2,082 hypertensive patients in Beijing, China, who completed a questionnaire administered through an online platform. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test was used to assess the adequacy of the sample and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity to examine the factorability of the dataset. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess the structural validity and reliability of the SRBS.
Results: The KMO analysis yielded a notably elevated value of 0.95, indicating that the data was highly suitable for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Bartlett's test of sphericity yielded a statistically significant test statistic (P < 0.001). The 32-item SRB questionnaire demonstrated strong internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.923. A second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) revealed that, after removing the unrelated construct of barriers, SRB could be represented by four sub-constructs: knowledge, severity, benefits, and action. The final version of the SRBS consists of 21 items. These items displayed high factor loadings, indicating a strong relationship between the items and their respective sub-constructs. The discriminant validity analysis revealed that the SRBS sub-constructs were distinct from each other. The SRBS scores were positively correlated with self-reported salt reduction practices. This demonstrates that individuals with higher SRBS scores were more likely to engage in actual salt reduction behaviors, indicating concurrent validity.
Conclusion: The results illustrate that the Salt Reduction Behavior Scale is a robust and comprehensive instrument for assessing salt reduction behavior among hypertensive Chinese individuals. The scale's specific sub-constructs provide a detailed understanding of their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to salt consumption. Healthcare professionals and policymakers can utilize this tool to tailor interventions and educational programs to encourage healthier dietary habits, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in China.
Effect of different sources of nitrogen on the growth and yield of Spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.)
Authors: yadav Pankaj Kumar , Singh Pashupati , bhujel Prabina , Shrivastava Arvind , Shrestha Samir 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to find the effect of different sources of nitrogen on the growth and yield of spinach. This experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design, with ten treatments and three replicationsin a variety, Patane Palungo. The treatments consist of control, 100% N through FYM, vermicompost, and poultry manure, 50% N through urea with 50% N through FYM, vermicompost, and poultry manure, and 75% N through urea with 25% N through FYM, vermicompost, and poultry manure. The data analysis was done using R Studio. The result showed the application of 50% N through urea with 50% N through vermicompost, 50% N through urea with 50% N through poultry manure, and 100% N through poultry manure showed statistically similar yields to the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers. In the first harvesting, the highest yield was obtained in T10 (14.80 ton/ha) which was statistically similar to T6 (50% N through urea + 50% N through vermicompost) (12.85ton/ha). In second harvesting the highest yield was obtained in T7 (20.90ton/ha) which was statistically similar with T10 (16.70ton/ha) and T6 (11.251ton/ha). This result showed that in leafy vegetables which are consumed as fresh vegetable, locally available nitrogenous fertilizer or their combination with small 25- 50% chemical fertilizers could be utilized to achieve the same or higher yield. The choice of nitrogen source insights into sustainable agricultural practices, promoting eco-friendly nutrient management, improving crop yield and quality, and ultimately contributing to the overall food security.
Performance analysis of microwave photonic transversal filter signal processors based on microcombs for different signal waveforms
Authors: Moss David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Microwave photonic (MWP) signal processors, which process microwave signals based on photonic technologies, bring advantages intrinsic to photonics such as low loss, large processing bandwidth, and strong immunity to electromagnetic interference. Optical microcombs can offer a large number of wavelength channels and compact device footprints, which make them powerful multi-wavelength sources for MWP signal processors to realize a variety of processing functions. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the capability of microcomb-based MWP signal processors to handle diverse input signal waveforms. In addition, we quantify the processing accuracy for different input signal waveforms, including Gaussian, triangle, parabolic, super Gaussian, and nearly square waveforms. Finally, we analyze the factors contributing to the difference in the processing accuracy among the different input waveforms, and our theoretical analysis well elucidates the experimental results. These results provide a guidance for microcomb-based MWP signal processors when processing microwave signals of various waveforms.
PS1/gamma-secretase acts as rogue chaperone of glutamate transporter EAAT2/GLT-1 in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Perrin Florian , Anderson Lauren C. , Mitchell Shane P.C. , Sinha Priyanka , Turchyna Yuliia , Maesako Masato , Houser Mei C.Q. , Zhang Can , Wagner Steven L. , Tanzi Rudolph E. , Berezovska Oksana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The recently discovered interaction between presenilin 1 (PS1), a catalytic subunit of γ-secretase responsible for the generation of amyloid-β(Aβ) peptides, and GLT-1, the major glutamate transporter in the brain (EAAT2 in the human) may provide a mechanistic link between two important pathological aspects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD): abnormal Aβoccurrence and neuronal network hyperactivity. In the current study, we employed a FRET-based approach, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), to characterize the PS1/GLT-1 interaction in its native environment in the brain tissue of sporadic AD (sAD) patients. There was significantly less interaction between PS1 and GLT-1 in sAD brains, compared to tissue from patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), or non-demented age-matched controls. Since PS1 has been shown to adopt pathogenic “closed” conformation in sAD but not in FTLD, we assessed the impact of changes in PS1 conformation on the interaction. Familial AD (fAD) PS1 mutations which induce a “closed” PS1 conformation similar to that in sAD brain and gamma-secretase modulators (GSMs) which induce a “relaxed” conformation, reduced and increased the interaction, respectively. This indicates that PS1 conformation seems to have a direct effect on the interaction with GLT-1. Furthermore, using biotinylation/streptavidin pull-down, western blotting, and cycloheximide chase assays, we determined that the presence of PS1 increased GLT-1 cell surface expression and GLT-1 homomultimer formation, but did not impact GLT-1 protein stability. Together, the current findings suggest that the newly described PS1/GLT-1 interaction endows PS1 with chaperone activity, modulating GLT-1 transport to the cell surface and stabilizing the dimeric-trimeric states of the protein. The diminished PS1/GLT-1 interaction suggests that these functions of the interaction may not work properly in AD.
The impact of Parental Depression on Adolescent Children's Psychological Well- being and Health Behaviors
Authors: Kim Sung-In , Kim Sung Min , Park Sun Jae , Song Jihun , Lee Jaewon , Kim Kyae Hyung , Park Sang Min 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Parental depression is a significant problem that negatively affects parents’ welfare and influences family dynamics, children's academic and health behaviors, and mental health. However, there is limited evidence regarding the impact of the parental depression into the children’s’ psychological and physical wellbeing on Asian cultures. This study examined the psychological burdens and health behaviors of adolescent children with parents with depression in the Republic of Korea.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) spanning 2013 to 2021 to compare health behaviors and mental health outcomes between 203 adolescent children with parents diagnosed with depression and 3,856 control adolescents aged 12–19 years.
Results
Following multivariate adjustments, the risk of depressive mood for more than two weeks was significantly increased in boys with parental depression (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.05, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.91–3.52) and adolescents with parents with moderate-to-severe depression (aOR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.17–5.77). Adolescents with parental depression reported significantly worse subjective health status (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.05–3.36) and higher stress levels (aOR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.33–2.76). Additionally, when parental depression was present and the time since depression diagnosis was more than five years, adolescents with parental depression exhibited even poorer subjective health status and higher stress levels.
Conclusions
The study found that adolescents whose parents experienced depression had poorer mental health than those whose parents did not have mental health issues. These findings emphasize the importance of providing support for the mental health of adolescents in families affected by parental depression.
Bacillus species consortium with tryptophan-dependent and -independent pathways mediated IAA production modulates soil biological properties, growth and yield of wheat
Authors: SHARMA SUSHIL KUMAR , Goud Merugu Shashank , Kharbikar Lalit Laxman , Prasanna Radha , Sangwan Seema , Dahuja Anil , Dixit Anil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims:
Operation of both tryptophan-dependent and -independent pathways leading to higher IAA production by certain bacteria is known to beneficially influence plant growth and development. This study aimed to detect the operation of different pathways in bacteria for IAA production and evaluate the PGP (plant growth promoting) potential of the best IAA-producing bacteria in wheat crop.
Methods
The bacteria isolated from chickpea rhizosphere were screened for IAA production through tryptophan-dependent and independent pathways. The prominent IAA producing bacteria were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and evaluated for their growth promoting, soil and plant nutrient enriching potential in wheat crop (cv. Sujata).
Results
Out of the 80 bacteria screened, three isolates, KS-14, BEMS-9-1 and BS-2 were found to produce high levels of IAA by operating both the pathways. These isolates were identified as Brevibacillus formosus, Bacillus paramycoides and Bacillus tequilensis, respectively. Evaluation of various combinations of these promising bacteria showed that the consortium of Brevibacillus formosus KS-14 and Bacillus paramycoides BEMS-9-1 along with a 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) not only significantly improved the morphological and physiological traits of wheat including yield and grain micronutrient loading, mediated through enhanced soil biological activities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of tryptophan–independent pathway for IAA production in the three bacilli.
Conclusion
This study is a novel approach towards utilizing the bacteria producing IAA through tryptophan-dependent and -independent pathways for their promise as biostimulants in wheat.
Endometriosis leading to frequent emergency department visits – women’s experiences and perspectives
Authors: Emanuel Christine Roman , Holter Herborg , Hansson Ida Nygren , Forslund Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Endometriosis is a common condition affecting 1–10% of all women. The condition is highly associated with pain. Most women with endometriosis are treated as elective outpatients, but these patients sometimes need to visit the emergency department.
Aim
The aim of this study was to increase knowledge about women with endometriosis repeatedly visiting the gynaecological emergency department (GED), to investigate patient experiences and expectations, and to explore unmet needs necessitating GED visits.
Method
Semi structured interviews were conducted with ten patients diagnosed with endometriosis who visited the GED at a tertiary university hospital four or more times within a 12-month period. Data were analysed by thematic content analysis.
Result
‘Pain’ was identified as the master theme, which embodied the women’s overall experience, grouped into two main themes: ‘Living with endometriosis’ and ‘What patients need when seeking help at the GED,’ with six underlying themes. Several women described their visit to the GED as a ‘lottery,’ as they never knew what kind of treatment they would receive. Being listened to was most important for the women. Individualized care plans did not exist for most of the women in this study, although they repeatedly needed to visit the GED.
Conclusion
The women’s primary cause for seeking GED care was acute and unmanageable pain. A common feeling among the women was insecurity before the GED visit. To decrease this insecurity regarding assessment and treatment, a care plan for women is warranted. Our findings support the need for person-centered care and contribute to the limited research about women suffering from endometriosis and their experiences with GED.