bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The essential role of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain; a comprehensive review
Authors: Mashayekhi Farhad , Salehi Zivar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There has been a significant amount of attention directed towards understanding brain development, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. The proliferation and differentiation of brain stem cells have been a key focus. The process of neurolation occurs during the early stages of embryonic development, leading to the formation of the neural tube, a hollow nerve cord that gives rise to the central nervous system (CNS). There is a growing emphasis on the fluid-filled space inside the developing CNS and the potential role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain development. The flow of CSF near the germinal epithelium significantly impacts the proliferation of cells in the cerebral cortex. CSF provides crucial support to the germinal epithelium, influencing the growth and differentiation of neural stem cells. It achieves this by releasing growth factors, cytokines, and morphogens that control the proliferation, survival, and migration of neuroepithelium. During development, the concentration of proteins in the CSF is notably higher compared to that in adults. Studies have indicated that removing CSF from the brain’s ventricles during development causes an increase in neural cell deaths and a reduction in neural cell proliferation, ultimately leading to a thinner cerebral cortex. Additionally, many researches demonstrate that the composition of the CSF is essential for maintaining germinal matrix function and output, highlighting the critical role of CSF in brain development. It is concluded that CSF impacts the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, which in turn plays a pivotal role in brain development.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE MASTERS IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF CHILDREN'S ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Lysenko Nelli , Lysenko Olexandra , Matishak Marianna , Skomorovska Iryna 
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the peculiarities of professional training of future teachers for the organization of proenvironmental education of preschool children in modern preschool education institutions. It was emphasized that the content of such training should be based on the provisions of regulatory documents, taking into account the requirements of the Basic Component of Preschool Education (State Standard of Preschool Education), which contains the content and key requirements for the formation of preschool children's natural and ecological competence and skills focused on sustainable development. It has been established that the ecological education of children in the process of their familiarization with the natural environment should be aimed at raising a conscious, responsible and caring attitude towards the natural environment and all possible forms of existence of its objects. The ultimate goal of environmental education is the formation of environmental awareness and ecological culture.

Operational goals of pro-ecological education of preschool children are presented in separate blocks: creation of conditions for children to search for information of natural and ecological content; acquainting children with adults' views on nature; formation of children's ability to observe changes in the natural environment, skills of careful attitude to the natural environment, economical consumption of resources and nature conservation; forming in adults a sense of moral responsibility for the state of the natural and social environment and a careful attitude towards the nature of the native land in general. In the context of the effective training of masters in preschool education for environmental activities with preschool children, the characteristics of the foundations of pro-ekological consciousness of preschool children were revealed, namely: the ability to learn about the phenomena of the social and natural environment; interest in learning about the world around and the phenomena that occur in it; awareness and understanding of the rules that exist in nature; responsibility for various forms of life on Earth; activity and awareness of the feeling of mutual indivisibility between nature and people; the need to protect and respect the natural environment.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Sá Luiz Fernando Ferreira , Monte-Alto Rômulo , Cordeiro Marcos Rogério 
Published: February 2025

Literatura e Filosofia. A partir desse encontro, foi organizada em 2008 uma Jornada em homenagem a Jacques Derrida, a qual também comemorava os dez anos de atividades ininterruptas do Programa de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão “A Tela e o Texto”. Embora tenha funcionado como um produtivo espaço de discussão, a Jornada Jacques Derrida: atos de leitura, literatura e democracia não esgotou, evidentemente, as questões geradas pelo encontro da literatura com o pensamento derridiano. Contudo, o evento produziu alguns efeitos significativos que foram reunidos em livro publicado em 2009 sob o título Jacques Derrida: atos de leitura, literatura e democracia, com a organização de Maria Antonieta Pereira e Luiz Fernando Ferreira Sá, edição A tela e o texto/Fale e apoio Capes. O volume 14 da Em Tese se dedica, parcialmente, a registrar e difundir o segundo volume de textos apresentados na referida Jornad
Body composition analysis in patients with Hashimoto’s disease and vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Rozwandowicz Aleksandra Maria , Stuss Michał , Michalska-Kasiczak Marta , Sewerynek Ewa 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common organ-specific autoimmune diseases. This autoimmune response disrupts thyroid function, affecting biochemical processes and metabolism, with symptoms often including weight gain and easy fatigue. Vitamin D has so far been considered only a key regulator of calcium-phosphate metabolism. However, it is now considered a pleiotropic substance and increasingly published data indicate that it also plays a role in immune modulation and metabolic health.
Aim. The study aimed to assess anthropometric measures, body composition, and muscle strength in patients with HT, correlate these parameters with serum 25(OH)D levels, and evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation.
Material and Methods. The study included 80 female patients, aged ≥18 years, divided into an HT group (n=51) and a Control Group with non-toxic diffuse or nodular goiter (n=29). Vitamin D supplementation was administered based on the initial 25(OH)D concentration, at a dose of 6000 IU or 4000 IU daily for 3 months to patients with 25(OH)D concentration < 20 ng/ml and ≥ 20 ng/ml, respectively. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, as well as blood tests for 25(OH)D, TSH were performed at baseline and after supplementation.
Results. Both groups showed significant increases in 25(OH)D levels post-supplementation. In the HT group, lean body mass and muscle strength improved significantly (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively). In the Control Group, muscle strength increased (p = 0.01) and hip circumference decreased slightly (p = 0.03). No significant differences were found in body composition between the groups, although women with HT had larger hip circumferences. Correlation analysis revealed a moderately strong inverse relationship between baseline 25(OH)D levels and BMI in the Control Group (R = -0.44; p = 0.04), with no other significant associations identified.
Conclusions. Vitamin D supplementation effectively increased serum 25(OH)D levels and improved muscle strength and lean body mass in women with HT. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms by which vitamin D may impact metabolic and immune health in HT patients.
Sistema urbano policéntrico, accesibilidad y “gradientes” demográficos en Extremadura (España)
Authors: Gurría Gascón José Luis , Sánchez Martín José Manuel , Ruiz Labrador Enrique Eugenio , Hernández Carretero Ana María 
Published: February 2025

En las últimas décadas se han acelerado los fuertes desequilibrios territoriales, como consecuencia en buena medida del proceso de concentración económica y demográfica en las ciudades a escala planetaria. Frente a esta situación, las principales instituciones europeas e, incluso, la ONU proponen un modelo policéntrico de ciudades que deben descentralizar el desarrollo y estabilizar a la población rural. En este sentido, Extremadura es un caso paradigmático en España: es una región rural, de interior y fronteriza, que mantiene todavía a la mitad de su población en el medio rural y no tiene ningún municipio abandonado. Esto se debe a un poblamiento más concentrado y a su sistema policéntrico de ciudades, que lo explican básicamente. Sin embargo, tiene una amplia franja exterior con una despoblación importante. Se ha realizado un análisis de redes con SIG, delimitando una serie de rangos de accesibilidad que han permitido constatar “gradientes” regresivos, muy regulares, en todas las variables demográficas hasta los 40 minutos. Más allá de esta distancia, las pérdidas de población se aproximan al 65 %. Se plantea además la ampliación del sistema policéntrico con el impulso de cinco núcleos, tradicionales cabeceras comarcales en esas áreas periféricas, con las que el 85,6 % de la población estaría a menos de 30 minutos de ese sistema urbano y el 98 % a menos de 45.
Calculation of additional stresses in irregularly shaped foundation soils under non-uniform loading
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Zechu , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The classical calculation method of additional stresses in foundation soils was established based on the Flamant and Boussinesq solutions in elasticity theory. This method can only calculate the additional stresses in foundations with regular shapes and under regularly distributed base pressures. Based on the Gauss–Legendre numerical product formula, which is independent of the specific form of the product function, a suitable method for calculating the additional stresses in irregularly shaped foundation soils under non-uniform loads was established in this study. Using Simpson’s formula to perform integration over the domain, Gaussian summation calculation methods for the additional stresses in foundation soil under non-uniform loads in rectangular domains, under loads in non-rectangular domains, and under irregular loads and loads in irregular integration regions were derived. The combination of the complex product algorithm and a computer program further efficiently improved the calculation accuracy. Validation examples showed that the Gaussian product calculation method of additional stresses in foundation soil was completely consistent with classical elasticity theory, and the results of the Gaussian product calculation method converged to the classical elasticity theory prediction when the complex product formula was applied. Based on validation and application examples, the method has advantages over the finite element method in terms of modeling difficulty, computational accuracy, computational volume, and computational cost when calculating additional stresses in foundation soil. The research results provide a new method and idea for the calculation of additional stresses in irregularly shaped flexible foundation soils under non-uniform loads.
Nrf1 deficiency promotes tubular ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4 in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Ci Xinxin , Hu Jianqiang , Zhang yan , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Nrf1 is a transcription factor that is highly conserved and reacts to oxidative, proteotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cells; nonetheless, its function in the context of acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. Using a model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and in vivo, we found that the expression of Nrf1, which is expressed at high levels in renal tubular cells, was significantly downregulated after cisplatin treatment. Proximal tubule-specific Nrf1 knockout worsened and Nrf1 overexpression attenuated cisplatin-induced (CI)-AKI. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Nrf1 overexpression decreased the number of transcripts involved in cell death, specifically those associated with ferroptosis, after cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, ferroptosis responses, characterized by increased lipid peroxidation and iron content and decreased FPN, XCT and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels, were attenuated in Nrf1-overexpressing HK-2 cells but worsened in Nrf1-knockout mice and Nrf1-knockdown HK-2 cells. Moreover, lipidomic and RNA sequencing results indicated that Nrf1 regulated the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and inhibited the expression of ACSL4. Additionally, ChIP experiments revealed that Nrf1 bound to the promoter region of ACSL4, thereby inhibiting its transcription. Furthermore, inhibitors of ACSL4 significantly reduced the sensitivity of HK-2 cells to ferroptosis induced by Nrf1 knockdown. Collectively, these findings suggest that Nrf1 is a novel target for inhibiting ferroptosis in renal tubule cells by suppressing the transcription and expression of ACSL4, thereby reducing PUFA levels. Consequently, activators developed for Nrf1 may hold therapeutic potential in the treatment of patients with CI-AKI.
Is There a Relationship Between EROT and MOXO D-CPT Tests?
Authors: DENİZ Serdal , GİRAY Açelya SİVRİKAYA 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that begins in childhood. ADHD is often accompanied by comorbid disorders and learning difficulties. It affects more boys than girls and is characterized by problems in the areas of inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. This study was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between children's behaviors observed during the EROT test and their low performance in listening comprehension skills from the EROT test results and the risk of ADHD. The study was conducted in a longitudinal model. Eight participants aged 5–7 years participated in the study. The data were obtained with EROT test and MOXO d-CPT test. The data were analyzed descriptively according to the results of EROT and MOXO d-CPT tests. As a result of the study, it was concluded that children's problem behaviors and low scores in the listening comprehension dimension during the EROT test may be related to ADHD and that it is important to follow up these children in the future in order to benefit from the MOXO d-CPT test in early detection and diagnosis in case of a possible ADHD risk.
Application of a Mixed Logit Model with Explicitly Correlated Coefficients for Best‒Worst Scaling Case 1 Data: A Case Study of Preferences for Job Opportunities in Rural Indonesia
Authors: Komatsu Satoru , Ohdoko Taro , Pongoliu Yayu Isyana D. , Sakakibara Masayuki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Best‒worst scaling (BWS), which is housed under the category of stated preference methods, elicits respondents to select their top choice and their least favorite choice from choice sets. Mixed logit models have been frequently applied for estimating preferences. This study starts with a discussion of the estimation procedures of BWS and shows the necessity of applying a mixed logit model with correlated parameters to account for taste correlation and scale heterogeneity. As a case study, this study investigates latent preferences for new job opportunities in Indonesia, where the release of mercury (Hg) and its components into the atmosphere has had serious impacts on human health. The estimation results indicate that the most highly valued attribute for job opportunities is the provision of employment opportunities for society, followed by the frequency of salary payments and improvements in the environmental quality of the region. The estimation results also reveal that there is a significant degree of preference uncertainty in the choice of options in the middle-evaluated options. The research emphasizes that careful explanations are required to determine whether the choice sets provide reasonable policy menus for respondents or whether the middle-ranked attributes can be guided by the presence of other attributes.
Acute Viral Infection Accelerates Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Model of ALS
Authors: Miller Matthew , Marzok Art , Mapletoft Jonathan , Cowbrough Braeden , Celeste Daniel , D'Agostino Michael , Ang Jann , Chen Andrew , Surendran Vithushan , Dvorkin-Gheva Anna , Zhang Ali , Stacey Hannah , Lam Mannie , Kollar Yasmine , Milnes Kevin , Afkhami Sam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

While several viral infections have been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the mechanism(s) through which they promote disease has remained almost entirely elusive. This study investigated the impact of common, acute viral infections prior to disease onset on ALS progression in the SOD1G93A mouse model. A single sublethal infection prior to onset of ALS clinical signs was associated with markedly accelerated ALS disease progression characterized by rapid loss of hindlimb function. Prior infection resulted in gliosis in the lumbar spine and upregulation of transcriptional pathways involved in inflammatory responses, metabolic dysregulation, and muscular dysfunction. Therapeutic suppression of gliosis with an anti-inflammatory small molecule, or administration of a direct-acting antiviral, was associated with significantly improved ALS clinical signs, akin to what was observed in uninfected animals. This study provides causal and mechanistic evidence that the immune response elicited by acute viral infections may be an important etiological factor that alters ALS disease trajectory, and provides insight into novel therapeutic and preventative strategies for ALS.
Elevated serum uric acid level correlates with the severity of renal histopathology in IgA nephropathy and establishment of a nomogram model
Authors: Wang Huifang , Liu Jun , Jiang Chunhui , Liu Xuemei , Xu Yan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background. IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is also a major cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). We aimed to explore the relationship between the levels of serum uric acidand the degree of renal histopathological damage in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and build a nomogram model.
Methods. It was a retrospective study. The clinical and histopathologicaldata of patients with primary IgAN diagnosed by renal biopsy were collected. Risk factors of severe renal histopathologicaldamage in IgAN patients were identified by logistic regression analysis. A nomogram model was established based on the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The C-index and calibration plots were used for the evaluation of the discrimination and calibration performance, respectively.
Results. A total of 594 patients were retrospectively analyzedin the study. Compared with patients without hyperuricemia, patients with hyperuricemia had lower eGFR and higher body mass index, mean arterial pressure (MAP), hemoglobin, serum uric acid, triglycerides, IgA, complement 3, complement 4, proteinuria and severe renal histopathological damage ( p<0.05). Hemoglobin, serum uric acid, eGFR, IgA and proteinuria were identified and entered into the nomogram models. The C-index of this prediction model was 0.689 (95% CI 0.639–0.738). KM survival curve analysis showed that hyperuricemia and severe renal histopathological damage had a higher risk of progression to death or ESRD(p <0.001).
Conclusions. Serum uric acid levels are independently associated with severe renal histopathological damage and poor prognosis in IgAN patients.
The relationship between poor glycemic control and diaphragmatic thickness in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Açmaz Banu , Burcek Vasfiye Nihan , LACIN Mahmut Burak , BICER Serap , HOROZOGLU Hılal , SIMSEK Zuhal Ozer , KOC Ali , SIMSEK Yasın 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background/aim:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the diaphragm muscle.
Materials and methods
A total of 120 volunteers were divided into two groups: 60 healthy individuals and 60 diagnosed with diabetes. Both the healthy control group and the type 2 DM group were matched for diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic excursion, diaphragmatic thickening fraction, and costophrenic angle. All diabetic patients underwent electromyography to assess possible diabetic neuropathy. These patients were then divided into subgroups based on their peripheral neuropathy status and whether their diabetes was poorly regulated.
Results
In DM patients with poorly regulated glucose levels, we found a significant decrease in both right and left diaphragm thickness during expiration and inspiration. However, no difference was recorded between the groups regarding diaphragm movements and the left costodiaphragmatic angle. There was no significant difference in the mean age or body mass index between the two groups, regardless of diabetes regulation status.
Conclusion
Sarcopenia is a known condition in diabetic patients, but its impact on the diaphragm muscle is not well understood. The potential respiratory comorbidities related to sarcopenia could contribute to the morbidity and poor quality of life associated with diabetes, in addition to the known vascular complications and end-organ damage. Previous studies have shown that lung conditions are more common in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This may require clinicians to assess respiratory functions in diabetic patients. We hypothesize that the diaphragm muscle, affected by sarcopenia, may contribute to the increased prevalence of respiratory diseases in this population.
Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites with Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletion in symptomatic malaria patients across Ghana in 2021
Authors: Bredu Dorcas G. , Asamoah Alexander , Asumah George A. , Abban Bernice C. , Anang Sherik-fa , Peprah Nana Y. , Tey Prosper K. , Kwapong Sebastian S. , Chamai Martin , Amoako Eunice O. , Abuaku Benjamin , Amoah Linda E. , Malm Keziah L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2-based RDTs (PfHRP2-based RDTs) are the most widely used malaria RDTs across Africa. The emergence and spread of Pfhrp2 gene-deleted parasites has prompted nationwide surveillance to monitor trends and potential hotspots for mutant parasite clones. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of Pfhrp2 gene deletions in Ghana.
Methods
The First Response® HRP2 RDT (First Response RDT) and CareStart™ HRP2/panLDH Combo RDT (Combo kit) were used to screen suspected malaria individuals seeking care in 160 public healthcare facilities across all 16 regions of Ghana, between June and August 2021. DNA was extracted from the dry blood spots to confirm the presence of P. falciparum and subsequently, Pfhrp2 gene deletion by PCR.
Results
The overall malaria positivity for the two RDTs was similar: 72.3% (95% CI: 71.4–73.2) for the First Response RDT and 71.5% (95% CI: 70.6–72.4) for the HRP2/panLDH Combo kit (p = 0.215). Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletions were identified in 0.3% (19/5,611) of samples that tested positive for both the First Response RDT and the panLDH band of the Combo kit, and 9.1% (2/22) of the missed infections, leading to an overall Pfhrp2 exon 2 gene deletion of 0.4% (21/5,633).
Conclusion
The present work conducted in 2021, determined Pfhrp2 deletions in Ghana to be less than 1% with almost equal distribution across 16 regions. This finding offers assurance for the continued reliance on HRP2-based RDTs for screening in public health clinics in Ghana.