bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining theranostic/particle therapy with immunotherapy for the treatment of GU malignancies
Authors: Skalina Karin A. , Małachowska Beata , Sindhu Kunal K. , Thompson Marcher , Nehlsen Anthony D. , Salgado Lucas Resende , Dovey Zachary , Hasan Shaakir , Guha Chandan , Tang Justin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParticle therapy and radiopharmaceuticals are emerging fields in the treatment of genitourinary cancers. With these novel techniques and the ever‐growing immunotherapy options, the combinations of these therapies have the potential to improve current cancer cure rates. However, the most effective sequence and combination of these therapies is unknown and is a question that is actively being explored in multiple ongoing clinical trials. Here, we review the immunological effects of particle therapy and the available radiopharmaceuticals and discuss how best to combine these therapies.
Fever and antibiotic use in maternal urinary tract infections during pregnancy and risk of congenital heart defects: Findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Patel Jenil , Politis Maria D. , Howley Meredith M. , Browne Marilyn L. , Bolin Elijah H. , Ailes Elizabeth C. , Johnson Candice Y. , Magann Everett , Nembhard Wendy N. ,   The National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies report an association between prenatal maternal urinary tract infections (UTI) and specific congenital heart defects (CHDs); however, the role of fever and antibiotic use on this association is poorly understood. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, we examined whether the relationship between maternal UTIs during the periconceptional period and occurrence of CHDs is modified by the presence of fever due to UTI and corresponding antibiotic use among 11,704 CHD case infants and 11,636 live‐born control infants.MethodsInformation on UTIs, fever associated with UTI and antibiotic use (sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin, cephalosporins, penicillin, macrolides, and quinolones) during pregnancy were obtained using a computer‐assisted telephone interview. Using unconditional multivariable logistic regression, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) to determine the association between maternal UTIs and subtypes of CHDs. Analyses were stratified by the presence of fever and medication use associated with UTI.ResultsThe prevalence of UTIs during the periconceptional period was 7.6% in control mothers, and 8.7% in case mothers. In the absence of fever, UTI was associated with secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) (OR 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.5) and in the absence of antibiotics, UTI was associated with conotruncal defects as a group and for four specific CHDs. When fever and UTI occurred concomitantly, no significantly elevated odds ratios were noticed for any subtypes of CHD. Among women with UTIs who used antibiotics, an elevated but statistically non‐significant estimate was observed for secundum ASD (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.0–2.0).ConclusionFindings in the present study suggest that fever due to UTI and corresponding maternal antibiotic use do not substantially modify the association between maternal UTIs and specific CHDs in offspring. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to guide clinical management of UTIs during the periconceptional period.
Industry 4.0 and sustainable business models: An intercontinental sample
Authors: Kılıç Cumali , Atilla Gaye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the rapidly evolving contemporary business landscape, the Industry 4.0 revolution has emerged as an immense and transformative force, fundamentally reshaping industries and presenting significant challenges to prevailing business models. As technology components continued to evolve in response to this revolution, it became increasingly evident that understanding the multifaceted implications of these changes for organizational sustainability is of paramount importance. The overarching goal of this research was to elucidate the intricate interplay between Industry 4.0 technologies and organizational sustainability. To achieve this objective, we conducted a comprehensive exploration of real‐world instances where companies boldly embraced Industry 4.0 technologies, subjecting their specific practices and processes to thorough examination. This methodological approach yielded a wealth of invaluable insights into the practical implications of Industry 4.0 on organizational sustainability, effectively bridging the gap between theory and practice. This research underscores the urgent need to provide businesses and decision‐makers with insights of paramount significance. The findings of the study aim to serve as a guiding compass for organizations, offering clarity on potential benefits and challenges associated with Industry 4.0 adoption. Notably, within the scope study, the utilization of semi‐structured interview technique added a unique dimension, enabling in‐depth insights. Interviews were conducted with individuals from diverse nations across different continents, thoughtfully selected based on predefined criteria, setting this research apart in terms of both the sample's size and the remarkable diversity within the participant profile. This diversity enriched the research findings by encompassing various perspectives and experiences, significantly enhancing the depth and breadth of the study's insights.
Sn Bulk Phase Doping and Surface Modification on Ti4O7 for Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Sun Yue , Luo Yangjun , Dai Longhua , Zheng Yanan , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping stable and highly selective two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) electrocatalysts for producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considered a major challenge to replace the anthraquinone process and achieve a sustainable green economy. Here, we doped Sn into Ti4O7 (D−Sn−Ti4O7) by simple polymerization post‐calcination method as a high‐efficiency 2e− ORR electrocatalyst. In addition, we also applied plain calcination after the grinding method to load Sn on Ti4O7 (L−Sn−Ti4O7) as a comparison. However, the performance of L−Sn−Ti4O7 is far inferior to that of the D−Sn−Ti4O7. D−Sn−Ti4O7 exhibits a starting potential of 0.769 V (versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) and a high H2O2 selectivity of 95.7 %. Excitingly, the catalyst can maintain a stable current density of 2.43 mA ⋅ cm−2 for 3600 s in our self‐made H‐type cell, and the cumulative H2O2 production reaches 359.2 mg ⋅ L−1 within 50,000 s at 0.3 V. The performance of D−Sn−Ti4O7 is better than that of the non‐noble metal 2e− ORR catalysts reported so far. The doping of Sn not only improves the conductivity but also leads to the lattice distortion of Ti4O7, further forming more oxygen vacancies and Ti3+, which greatly improves its 2e− ORR performance compared with the original Ti4O7. In contrast, since the Sn on the surface of L−Sn−Ti4O7 displays a synergistic effect with Tin+ (3≤n≤4) of Ti4O7, the active center Tin+ dissociates the O=O bond, making it more inclined to 4e− ORR.
Nanoflower‐Like High‐Entropy Co‐Fe‐Cr‐Mo‐Mn Spinel for Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Sun Yuhang , Tang Tianmi , Xiao Liyuan , Han Jingyi , Bai Xue , Shi Mingyuan , Chen Siyu , Sun Jingru , Ma Yuanyuan , Guan Jingqi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key anode reaction of electrolytic water. To improve the slow OER kinetics, we synthesize nanoflower‐like Co−Fe‐Cr−Mo‐Mn high‐entropy spinel (HES) nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) by one‐step solvothermal method, which exhibit an overpotential (η10) of only 188 mV at 10 mA cm−2, much lower than bimetallic CoFeOx/NF (233 mV), trimetallic CoFeCrOx/NF (211 mV), and tetrametallic CoFeCrMoOx/NF (200 mV). The OER overpotential decreases with the increase of the number of metals, indicating that the formation of HES has a positive effect on the improvement of electrocatalytic performance, since the synergistic effect between different metals enhances the charge transfer rate and decreases reaction barrier. In‐situ Raman spectra demonstrate that the formation of γ‐NiOOH on the HES surface is a crucial active species for the OER. This work demonstrates a simple and efficient synthesis method to prepare nanoflower‐like high‐entropy electrocatalysts for efficient OER electrocatalysis.
PKD‐Net: Distillation of prior knowledge for image completion by multi‐level semantic attention
Authors: Lu Qiong , Lin Huaizhong , Xing Wei , Zhao Lei , Chen Jingjing 
Published: December 2023

SummaryPrior knowledge plays a crucial role in image completion. Although almost all of the existing image completion methods use prior knowledge to complete the image to be repaired from different perspectives, the learning and modeling of the prior knowledge is still a challenging problem. In order to address this issue, we propose a novel prior knowledge distillation framework (PKD‐Net) which could distill prior knowledge of structure and style from multiple semantic space and generates not only plausible content but also consistent style with surrounding image area. Our PKD‐Net replaces the skip connection in the vanilla U‐Net with a semantic shift attention module. The semantic shift attention module takes features from encoder layer and those from decoder layer as input pairs to output shifted features which take into account the long‐range dependency of encoder layer features and corresponding decoder layer features from the perspective of local structure and style. Semantic shift attention module models the global interdependencies in local spatial structures (patches centered at each position) and style (appearance texture) dimensions respectively, which could implement distillation of prior knowledge from two aspects: structure and style. Experiments on multiple datasets including faces (CelebA, CelebA‐HQ) and natural images (ImageNet, Places2, Paris Street View) demonstrate that our proposed approach generates higher quality completion results than existing ones.
Risk based intrusion detection system in software defined networking
Authors: Chetouane Ameni , Karoui Kamel 
Published: December 2023

SummarySoftware defined networking (SDN) separates control from data operations. However, this technology adds a new security cost to the network architecture because of the ongoing and developing security vulnerabilities. An intrusion detection system must be continuously improved and integrated into the SDN architecture in order to provide a network defense against attacks. In this study, we propose a continual learning system based on risk assessment to detect intrusion in SDN. We suggest a technique for continually enhancing datasets to produce a more accurate prediction. The proposed system includes various processes, including risk assessment and the selection of the deep learning (DL) approach. We propose assessing the risks related to different intrusion types. Based on the risk value, we can identify which intrusion types are more important and have a dangerous impact. We use the risk values to choose the most appropriate DL approach and for the dataset's continual enrichment. We compare different DL methods using the standard metrics and two proposed metrics. Then, we propose to use a method based on the bit alternation approach to obtain a unique metric for decision‐making. Finally, we have studied the efficacy of our system using two case studies.
Angle‐Dependent Raman Spectra of Crystal Polymorphs of GaO: A Computational Study
Authors: Deng Zexiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo crystal polymorphs of GaO consisting of GaO‐H and GaO‐T monolayers are proposed in this study. Based on the density functional theory calculations, the phonon dispersion demonstrates that both GaO‐H and GaO‐T monolayers could be stable. The band gaps of GaO‐H and GaO‐T monolayers are 1.51 and 1.43 eV, respectively. When an external electric field is applied, the band gaps of GaO monolayers are reduced dramatically, down to 0.13 eV with the field of 0.7 V/Å. Because of the decreased symmetry of C3v under an external electric field, more peaks of Raman spectra can be obtained. The angle‐dependent Raman spectra of
and
of GaO‐H monolayer, and
and
of GaO‐T monolayer are discussed seperately, with the incident lasers of 488 and 532 nm. Additionally, the Raman intensity distribution shows that the incident light should be parallel to the plane of the GaO monolayer to obtain more comparable Raman spectra. These investigations of the crystal polymorphs of GaO monolayers may guide the experimental investigations of GaO monolayers and potential optoelectronic applications.
Strategies for Synthesizing Supramolecular Block Copolymers
Authors: Chen Yan , Liu Chun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, controlled supramolecular polymerization has been extensively studied and gradually shifted to supramolecular block copolymerization. Supramolecular block copolymers (BCPs) are considered the holy grail for developing supramolecular materials with new functionalities due to their fascinating structures and ability to introduce diverse functions. From a thermodynamic view to kinetic aspects, great progress has been made in the synthetic strategies of BCPs in the past few years. This Concept summarizes various strategies to realize supramolecular block copolymerization. The focus is on providing researchers with a methodological basis for achieving heterogeneous nucleation‐elongation.
RFX6 facilitates aerobic glycolysis‐mediated growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting PGAM1
Authors: Qiu Zhiyu , Wang Chenwei , Huang Pinzhu , Yuan Yichuan , Shi Yunxing , Lin Zhu , Huang Zhenkun , Zuo Dinglan , Qiu Jiliang , He Wei , Shen Jingxian , Niu Yi , Yuan Yunfei , Li Binkui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells undergo reprogramming of glucose metabolism to support uncontrolled proliferation, of which the intrinsic mechanism still merits further investigation. Although regulatory factor X6 (RFX6) is aberrantly expressed in different cancers, its precise role in cancer development remains ambiguous.MethodsMicroarrays of HCC tissues were employed to investigate the expression of RFX6 in tumour and adjacent non‐neoplastic tissues. Functional assays were employed to explore the role of RFX6 in HCC development. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, untargeted metabolome profiling and sequencing were performed to identify potential downstream genes and pathways regulated by RFX6. Metabolic assays were employed to investigate the effect of RFX6 on glycolysis in HCC cells. Bioinformatics databases were used to validate the above findings.ResultsHCC tissues exhibited elevated expression of RFX6. High RFX6 expression represented as an independent hazard factor correlated to poor prognosis in patients with HCC. RFX6 deficiency inhibited HCC development in vitro and in vivo, while its overexpression exerted opposite functions. Mechanistically, RFX6 bound to the promoter area of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) and upregulated its expression. The increased PGAM1 protein levels enhanced glycolysis and further promoted the development of HCC.ConclusionsRFX6 acted as a novel driver for HCC development by promoting aerobic glycolysis, disclosing the potential of the RFX6–PGAM1 axis for therapeutic targeting.
Two‐tier subclassification of the Bethesda category III (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance) in thyroid cytology
Authors: Alden Jay , Lambrou Denise , Yang Jack 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Bethesda category III, AUS/FLUS, comprises a heterogeneous group of thyroid lesions with variable risk of malignancy (ROM). This study evaluates ROM in two subgroups of this category based on nuclear atypia and architectural atypia.MethodsCases in Bethesda category III were reported based on nuclear atypia (AUS) and architectural atypia (FLUS). ROM was calculated by comparing the cytologic diagnosis to the follow‐up histologic diagnosis.ResultsAmong the 610 Bethesda category III cases in this study, 306 (50.2%) and 304 (49.8%) cases were reported as AUS and FLUS, respectively. One hundred and eighty six of 306 AUS (60.8%) and 193 of 304 FLUS (63.5%) cases underwent surgical intervention. ROM of the cases in Bethesda category III was 12.8% if all cases were counted and 20.6% if only surgical cases were counted. When analyzing separately, ROM of AUS cases was 17.0% and 28.0% with all cases and surgical cases only, respectively. For FLUS cases, ROM was 8.6% and 13.5% with all cases and surgical cases only, respectively.ConclusionIn Bethesda category III, ROM in the cases with nuclear atypia was significantly higher than the cases with architectural atypia. Sub‐classifying the Bethesda Category III cases with nuclear atypia and architectural atypia, respectively may better stratify the ROM.
Egg burying behaviour in Pristimantis highlights the link between direct development and specialised parental care
Authors: Angiolani‐Larrea Francesca Nicole , Jindiachi Lelis , Tinajero‐Romero José Gabriel , Valencia‐Aguilar Anyelet , Garrido‐Priego Marina , Culebras Jaime , Ringler Eva 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the most extreme adaptations to terrestriality in anurans is direct development, where eggs from terrestrial clutches entirely circumvent an aquatic tadpole stage and directly develop into small froglets. We here report the first case of egg‐burying behaviour in a neotropical direct‐developing frog with subsequent short‐term maternal care. An amplectant pair of Pristimantis chocoensis was found at the Reserva Canandé in Esmeraldas, Ecuador, and we recorded oviposition and the later rotation and active burying of the clutch by the female. Both parents remained close to the nest area the following day. This rare observation sheds light on the complex but often cryptic reproductive behaviours of terrestrial amphibians and suggests that the evolution of direct development has selected for highly specialized forms of parental care.
Experimental riparian forest gaps and increased sediment loads modify stream metabolic patterns and biofilm composition
Authors: Myrstener Maria , Greenberg Larry A. , Kuglerová Lenka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractForest management operations greatly influence stream habitats. Canopy clearing and subsequent canopy development during succession, site preparation, and ditching alter the light environment, and increase sediment inputs and nutrient exports from upland and riparian soils to streams. These physicochemical changes affect aquatic biofilms and metabolic rates, and in this study, we tested their individual and combined effects. We used 12 artificial streamside channels, together with a field survey of nine streams in and around clear‐cuts, to assess the effects of shading, substrate composition, and nutrient addition on biofilm biomass and composition, as well as metabolic rates. We found that biofilm biomass and gross primary production (GPP) were light limited in channels under 70% canopy shading. Nitrate additions at this shading level only marginally increased autotrophic biomass, while the rates of respiration increased 10‐fold when carbon was added. Open (unshaded) channels had three times higher rates of GPP compared with channels with 70% shading, and autotrophic biomass was twice as high, largely caused by the colonization of filamentous green algae. These changes to biofilm biomass, composition, and GPP were caused by differences in light alone, as temperature was not affected by the shading treatment. Notably, higher rates of GPP led to no positive effect on net ecosystem production. Further, fine‐grained substrates negatively affected GPP as compared with stone substrates in the experimental channels. In the surveyed streams, the negative effects of fine‐grained substrates exceeded the positive influence of light on biofilm biomass. Altogether, our results highlight the need for riparian management that protects headwaters from unwanted stressors by focusing on preventing sediment erosion and carbon transport in clear‐cuts, while providing variable shade conditions in second‐growth forests.
Plant biotype interacting grazing activity shapes grassland ecosystem functions
Authors: Wang Li , Feng Shou‐Jiang , Sun Dandi , Wang Junying , Wang Yijia , Lee Soon‐Jae , Lu Peina , Gan Yantai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGrasslands play an essential role in maintaining the health of planet Earth, but many grasslands have lost their ecosystem services due to unsustainable management practices, such as overgrazing. Little is known about how grazing activity interacts with plant biotypes, impacting grassland ecosystem services. Here, we (1) assessed the relative performance of five plant biotypes in response to grazing activities and (2) determined the effectiveness of grazing exclusion in enhancing soil physiochemical properties in grasslands. The synthesis of 39,214 observations on plant‐, soil‐, and anthropogeny‐related factors from 88 published studies revealed that grazing exclusion increased aboveground plant biomass accumulation by 100.4% (±4.2 SE), belowground biomass by 70.2% (±25.7), total soil C content by 21.4% (±1.7), and soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration by 14.3% (±0.8), on average, as compared to moderate‐to‐heavy (MtH) grazing. Plant biotypes responded to grazing activities differently; alpine meadows increased total soil C content by 107.2%, alpine steppes increased SOC by 52.2%, but desert steppes decreased total C content by 21.8% under the grazing exclusion. All plant biotypes reduced soil bulk density by 6.4%–19.4% under grazing exclusion. Soil microbial community diversity responded to grazing activities inconsistently, ranging from an 18% decrease to a 26% increase in soil microbial diversity compared to MtH grazing. We conclude that selecting appropriate plant biotypes alongside improved grazing management will enhance grassland ecosystem functions and services as plant biotypes affect aboveground and belowground biomass and interface with soil physiochemical properties.