bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reach of Congregate vs. Grab-and-Go Summer Meals in New York City: A Natural Experiment with Policy Implications and Recommendations
Authors: Harb Amanda A , Koch Pamela A , Roberts Katherine J , McGuirt Jared T , Cadenhead Jennifer W , Wolf Randi L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Participation in school meals is associated with many benefits. However, participation in the Summer Food Service Program (SFSP) is low due to many barriers, including program requirements such as congregate feeding. During COVID-19, these requirements were waived, allowing grab-and-go meals. The purpose of this study is to compare the number of SFSP meals served during the two summers of grab-and-go meals (summers 2020 and 2021) to six prior summers of congregate feeding (summers 2014-2019) in New York City (NYC). This study is an ecological study of NYC public school geographic districts (n = 32). The primary outcome is the total number of SFSP meals served per student. Using the repeated-measures ANOVA, the results show a significant increase in the number of SFSP meals served per student during the first summer (2020) of grab-and-go meals compared to summers 2016-2019 (p ≤ 0.01) but no significant differences during the second summer (2021) of grab-and-go meals compared to summers 2014-2019. However, there was a significant increase in the number of breakfast meals served in August per student during both the first and second summer of grab-and-go meals compared to summers 2014-2019 (p < 0.05). Among NYC public schools, the waivers may increase the reach of breakfast meals served in August, when there are fewer summer school activities. However, there is a need for an experimental study to establish potential causal relationships. Policymakers may consider making waivers that allow grab-and-go meals permanent flexibilities for the SFSP to increase access to summer meals.
Thyroid Function Screening among First- and Second-Degree Healthy
Asymptomatic Relatives of Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Abed Odhaib Samih , Jassim Mohammed Miaad , Thamer Altemimi Mahmood , Ali Mansour Abbas 
Published: December 2023

Objective::
Assessment of thyroid dysfunction among relatives of patients diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is controversial due to the lack of evidence.
Screening and prediction of thyroid dysfunction among first- and second-degree relatives (FDRs and SDRs) of patients were diagnosed with
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Materials and Methods::
Three hundred and forty-six asymptomatic relatives of 97 patients diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were enrolled in mixed cross-sectional
and prospective assessments for thyroid dysfunction over more than two years (September 2018-December 2020).
Both FDR and SDR were evaluated by thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid ultrasound at enrollment. Individuals with abnormal TSH were thoroughly
evaluated biochemically and were subsequently classified as euthyroid, subclinical, and overt thyroid dysfunctional. The future reversion of
enrolled individuals with normal and subclinical thyroid function to overt dysfunction was predicted by using the Thyroid Event Amsterdam
(THEA) score.

Results::
Three-quarters of the participants were non-smoking married women. Thyroid dysfunction was diagnosed among 43% of the participants (n=150),
of whom two-thirds (74%) were having overt dysfunction (n=111). Neither the demographic elements nor the initial thyroid function could predict
the future thyroid function among those participants. Two out of ten (16%) were having autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) as part of familial
clustering (n=56). Four participants with subclinical hypothyroidism were treated accordingly due to their high THEA score despite the global
lower THEA score (5.00±0.44).

Conclusion::
Screening of asymptomatic relatives of patients diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis could help identify the familial background of thyroid
diseases in 43% of FDRs and SDRs. One-third may have an underlying autoimmune basis.
Biosensor Detection of COVID-19 in Lung Cancer: Hedgehog and Mucin
Signaling Insights
Authors: Marwah Harneet , Pant Janmejay , Yadav Jiten , Shah Kamal , Dewangan Hitesh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 is a global pandemic, particularly affecting individuals with pre-existing
lung conditions and potentially leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Age and healthcare system limitations further
amplify susceptibility to both diseases, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The intricate relationship
between Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer highlights their clinical implications and the potential
for early detection through biosensor techniques involving hedgehog and mucin signaling. This study highlights
the connection between Coronavirus disease 2019 and lung cancer, focusing on the mucosa, angiotensin-
altering enzyme 2 receptors, and their impact on the immune system. It details the inflammatory mechanisms
triggered by Coronavirus disease 2019, which can result in pulmonary fibrosis and influence the cancer
microenvironment. Various cytokines like Interleukins-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha are examined for
their roles in both diseases. Moreover, the review delves into the Hedgehog signaling pathways and their significance
in lung cancer, particularly their influence on embryonic cell proliferation and tissue integrity. Mucin
signaling is another vital aspect, highlighting the diverse mucin expression patterns in respiratory epithelial tissues
and their potential as biomarkers. The review concludes with insights into diagnostic imaging techniques
like chest computed tomography, Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography, and Magnetic
Resonance Imaging for early lung cancer detection, emphasizing the crucial role of biosensors in identifying
specific biomarkers for early disease detection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical
impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on lung cancer patients and the potential for biosensors utilizing hedgehog
and mucin signaling for early detection. It underscores the ongoing need for research and innovation to address
these critical healthcare challenges.
Nano Strategies for Artemisinin Derivatives to Enhance Reverse Efficiency of
Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Li Na , Zhang Guoqin , Li Jiayang , Liu Yi , Wang Meng , Ren Xiaoliang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Artemisinin (ART) has been found to exert anti-tumor activity by regulating the cell cycle, inducing
apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor invasion and metastasis. Its derivatives (ARTs) can regulate the
expression of drug-resistant proteins and reverse the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells by inhibiting
intracellular drug efflux, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of tumor cells, thus enhancing the sensitivity of tumor
cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent studies have shown that nanodrugs play an important role
in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, which can effectively solve the shortcomings of poor hydrophilicity
and low bioavailability of ARTs in the human body, prolong the in vivo circulation time, improve the targeting
of drugs (including tumor tissues or specific organelles), and control the release of drugs in target tissues, thereby
reducing the side effect. This review systematically summarized the latest research progress of nano-strategies
of ARTs to enhance the efficiency of MDR reversal in breast cancer (BC) from the following two aspects:
(1) Chemicals encapsulated in nanomaterials based on innovative anti-proliferation mechanism: non-ABC transporter
receptor candidate related to ferroptosis (dihydroartemisinin/DHA analogs). (2) Combination therapy
strategy of nanomedicine (drug-drug combination therapy, drug-gene combination, and chemical-physical therapy).
Self-assembled nano-delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy through increased drug loading,
rapid reactive release, optimized delivery sequence, and realization of cascade-increasing effects. New nanotechnology
methods must be designed for specific delivery routines to achieve targeting administration and
overcome MDR without affecting normal cells. The significance of this review is to expect that ART and
ARTs can be widely used in clinical practice. In the future, nanotechnology can help people to treat multidrug
resistance of breast cancer more accurately and efficiently.
Proteomic Analysis Based on TMT Regarding the Therapeutic Action of
Rhizoma Drynariae on Rats in an Osteoporosis Model
Authors: Su Hui , Yan Binghan , Wang Ruochong , Li Zhichao , Xu Zhanwang , Xue Haipeng , Tan Guoqing 
Published: December 2023

Background::
Primary osteoporosis has increasingly become one of the risk factors
affecting human health, and the clinical effect and action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine
in the treatment of primary osteoporosis have been widely studied. Previous studies have
confirmed that in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Drynaria rhizome has a role in improving
bone density. In this study, a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis was conducted to
derive potential targets for Drynaria rhizome treatment in postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods::
The model group (OVX) and experimental group (OVXDF) for menopausal osteoporosis
were established using the universally acknowledged ovariectomy method, and the OVXDF
group was given 0.48g/kg Rhizoma Drynariae solution by gavage for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks,
femurs of rats selected for this study were examined with a bone mineral density (BMD) test,
Micro-CT, ELISABiochemical testing, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry.
A certain portion of the bone tissue was studied with a TMT-based proteomic analysis
and functional and pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, key target genes were selected for
Western blotting for validation.

Results::
The comparison of the OVXDF and OVX groups indicated that Drynaria rhizome could
improve bone density. In the TMT-based proteomic analysis, the comparison of these two groups
revealed a total of 126 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 62 were upregulated
and 64 were downregulated. Further, by comparing the differential genes between the OVXDF
and OVX groups and between the OVX and SHAM groups, we concluded that the 27 differential
genes were significantly changed in the rats selected for the osteoporosis model after Drynaria
rhizome intragastric administration. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of DEPs
showed that molecular function was mainly involved in biological processes, such as glucose
metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, immune responses, and aging. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of
Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEPs revealed that multiple differential
genes were enriched in the estrogen and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling
pathways. Relationships with nitrogen metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, secretion
systems, and tumor diseases were also observed. Western blotting was consistent with the
analysis.

Conclusions::
We used TMT-based proteomics to analyze the positive effects of TCM Drynaria
rhizome, which can regulate related proteins through the unique roles of multiple mechanisms,
targets, and pathways. This treatment approach can regulate oxidative stress, improve lipid metabolism,
reduce the inflammatory response mechanism, and improve bone density. These benefits
highlight the unique advantages of TCM in the treatment of primary osteoporosis.
Transcription Factors in Brain Regeneration: A Potential Novel
Therapeutic Target
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Transcription factors play a crucial role in providing identity to each cell population.
To maintain cell identity, it is essential to balance the expression of activator and inhibitor transcription
factors. Cell plasticity and reprogramming offer great potential for future therapeutic applications,
as they can regenerate damaged tissue. Specific niche factors can modify gene expression
and differentiate or transdifferentiate the target cell to the required fate. Ongoing research is
being carried out on the possibilities of transcription factors in regenerating neurons, with neural
stem cells (NSCs) being considered the preferred cells for generating new neurons due to their
epigenomic and transcriptome memory. NEUROD1/ASCL1, BRN2, MYTL1, and other transcription
factors can induce direct reprogramming of somatic cells, such as fibroblasts, into neurons.
However, the molecular biology of transcription factors in reprogramming and differentiation still
needs to be fully understood.
Gait Parameters can Reflect Cognitive Performance in Older Adults with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Cross-sectional Research
Authors: Jiang Mingzhu , Li Yan , Chen Ying , Fan Jinying , Zhao Zhiqin , Long Wenkai , Huang Hailun , Tang Chao , Luo Fang , Li Mi , Lin Bo , Xiao Ning , Wu Shan , Ding Jing 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common chronic progressive
disease. It remains unclear whether high gait variability is a marker of cognitive cortical dysfunction

Methods:
This study included 285 subjects (aged from 60 to 85 years, 60.3% female) including
37 controls, 179 presented as Fazekas II, and 69 presented as Fazekas III. The severity of white
matter hyperintensities was assessed by the Fazekas Rating Scale. Gait parameters were assessed
using a vision-based artificial intelligent gait analyzer. Cognitive function was tested by MMSE,
MoCA, DST, and VFT.

Results:
Three gait parameters including gait speed, gait length, and swing time were associated
with cognitive performance in patients with CSVD. Gait speed was associated with cognitive
performance, including MMSE (β 0.200; 95%CI 1.706-6.018; p <.001), MoCA (β 0.183; 95%CI
2.047-7.046; p <.001), DST (order) (β 0.204; 95%CI 0.563-2.093; p =.001) and VFT (β 0.162;
95%CI 0.753-4.865; p =.008). Gait length was associated with cognitive performance, including
MMSE (β 0.193; 95%CI 3.475-12.845; p =.001), MoCA (β 0.213; 95%CI 6.098-16.942; p
<.001), DST (order) (β 0.224; 95%CI 1.056-4.839; P <.001) and VFT (β 0.149; 95%CI 1.088-
10.114; p =.015). Swing time was associated with cognitive performance, including MMSE (β -
0.242; 95%CI -2.639 to -0.974; p<.001), MoCA (β -0.211; 95%CI -2.989 to -1.034; p <.001) and
DST (reverse order) (β -0.140; 95%CI -0.568 to -0.049; p =.020).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that the relationship between gait parameters and cognitive performance
in patients with CSVD and the deteriorated gait parameters can reflect cognitive impairment
and even dementia in older people with CSVD.
The Association between Serum Total Bilirubin and Severe Headaches or Migraine in American Adults
Authors: He Yuting , Huang Hao , Dai Lingao , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Studies about the association between bilirubin and migraine were few.
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between serum total bilirubin
and the prevalence of severe headaches or migraine.

Methods:
A multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between serum
total bilirubin concentration and severe headaches or migraine. We also performed stratified
analyses, interaction analyses and multiple interpolations in the sensitivity analysis.

Results:
This cross-sectional study included 12,552 adults from the National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2004. The overall incidence of migraine was
19.99% (2,509/12,552). With every 1 mg/dl increase in bilirubin, the prevalence of migraine
decreased by 23% (95% CI: 0.64, 0.93) after adjustment of all related covariates. Similarly, the
risk of migraine was reduced by 17% (95% CI: 0.72, 0.97) in the Q4 group (the fourth quartile,
highest serum total bilirubin level) compared with the Q1 group (the lowest level). Furthermore,
interaction effects by age groups were significant in this relationship (P for interaction = 0.0004).
In the Q4 group compared with Q1, inverse associations were observed in those aged ≥40 years
(OR: 0.71,95% CI: 0.59, 0.85) in the stratified analysis.

Conclusion:
These findings support an association between serum total bilirubin and severe
headaches or migraine, revealing an inverse association between serum total bilirubin quartiles
and severe headaches or migraine in American adults. Age could play an important role in this
association.
Proposal of a Modified Classification of Hypertensive Crises: Urgency,
Impending Emergency, and Emergency
Authors: Koracevic Goran , Stojanovic Milovan , Zdravkovic Marija , Lovic Dragan , Simic Dragan , Mladenovic Katarina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Systemic arterial hypertension (HTN) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality, and
HTN crises contribute significantly to an unfavourable clinical course. For decades, HTN crises have
been dichotomized into hypertensive emergency (HTN-E) and hypertensive urgency (HTN-U). The
main difference between the two is the presence of acute hypertension-mediated organ damage
(HMOD) – if HMOD is present, HTN crisis is HTN-E; if not, it is HTN-U. Patients with HTN-E are
in a life-threatening situation. They are hospitalized and receive antihypertensive drugs intravenously
(IV). On the other hand, patients with HTN-U are usually not hospitalized and receive their antihypertensives
orally. We suggest a modification of the current risk stratification scheme for patients
with HTN crises. The new category would be the intermediate risk group, more precisely the ‘impending
HTN-E’ group, with a higher risk in comparison to HTN-U and a lower risk than HTN-E.
‘Impending HMOD’ means that HMOD has not occurred (yet), and the prognosis is, therefore, better
than in patients with ongoing HMOD. There are three main reasons to classify patients as having
impending HTN-E: excessively elevated BP, high-risk comorbidities, and ongoing bleeding/high
bleeding risk. Their combinations are probable. This approach may enable us to prevent some HTNEs
by avoiding acute HMOD using a timely blood pressure treatment. This treatment should be
prompt but controlled.
Molecular Modeling of Brassicaceae Derivatives for Inhibiting
Lipoxygenases: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Soufi Wassila , Allali Hocine , Hacene Faïza Boukli , Ghalem Saïd 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the body's defense mechanisms, but
uncontrolled inflammation can lead to chronic and pathological conditions. This study aimed to
identify natural compounds as potential replacements for the synthetic drug Zileuton, known for its
side effects.

Method:
Utilizing the MOE and Molegro modeling methods, several molecules were evaluated, and
three compounds, namely 1-Isothiocyanatopent-4-en-2-ol, 7-Isothiocyanatohept-1-ene, and 5-
(Isothiocyanatomethyl)-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, exhibited superior inhibitory properties. These
compounds consistently demonstrated low energy values, indicating high inhibition potency. Notably, 5-(Isothiocyanatomethyl)-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene emerged as the most promising candidate
among all tested compounds.

Results:
These findings provide valuable insights for the development of alternative anti-inflammatory agents. Further research is required to assess the efficacy and safety profiles of these compounds
in clinical settings.

Conclusion:
This study represents a significant advancement in the search for innovative therapeutic strategies to manage inflammation-related disorders.
Grey Wolf Optimizer-based Decentralized Service Discovery in the Internet of Things Applications
Authors: Azizou Zahia Bensalah , Boudries Abdelmalek , Amad Mourad 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a significant technology in recent
years, wherein each object is equipped with sensors and applications that provide functionality
through services. Due to the increasing benefits of heterogeneous objects with constrained resources
in high environments, traditional service discovery approaches become impractical for dynamic IoT
networks. Therefore, service discovery poses a considerable challenge for the Internet of Things.

Methods:
This paper introduces a novel decentralized discovery algorithm based on the Grey Wolf
Optimizer (GWO) for IoT services. GWO is a recent metaheuristic in swarm intelligence designed to
solve combinatorial optimization problems.

Results:
simulation results indicate that GWO achieves high discovery success with minimal steps
required for service discovery.

Conclusion:
Our approach maintains its performance and exhibits good scalability as the number of
objects increases in the decentralized approach for IoT.
Triangulating Truth and Reaching Consensus on Population Size, Prevalence, and More: Modeling Study
Authors: Fellows Ian E , Corcoran Carl , McIntyre Anne F 
Published: December 2023

Background
Population size, prevalence, and incidence are essential metrics that influence public health programming and policy. However, stakeholders are frequently tasked with setting performance targets, reporting global indicators, and designing policies based on multiple (often incongruous) estimates of these variables, and they often do so in the absence of a formal, transparent framework for reaching a consensus estimate.

Objective
This study aims to describe a model to synthesize multiple study estimates while incorporating stakeholder knowledge, introduce an R Shiny app to implement the model, and demonstrate the model and app using real data.

Methods
In this study, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to synthesize multiple study estimates that allow the user to incorporate the quality of each estimate as a confidence score. The model was implemented as a user-friendly R Shiny app aimed at practitioners of population size estimation. The underlying Bayesian model was programmed in Stan for efficient sampling and computation.

Results
The app was demonstrated using biobehavioral survey-based population size estimates (and accompanying confidence scores) of female sex workers and men who have sex with men from 3 survey locations in a country in sub-Saharan Africa. The consensus results incorporating confidence scores are compared with the case where they are absent, and the results with confidence scores are shown to perform better according to an app-supplied metric for unaccounted-for variation.

Conclusions
The utility of the triangulator model, including the incorporation of confidence scores, as a user-friendly app is demonstrated using a use case example. Our results offer empirical evidence of the model’s effectiveness in producing an accurate consensus estimate and emphasize the significant impact that the accessible model and app offer for public health. It offers a solution to the long-standing problem of synthesizing multiple estimates, potentially leading to more informed and evidence-based decision-making processes. The Triangulator has broad utility and flexibility to be adapted and used in various other contexts and regions to address similar challenges.