bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Medicaid Expansion on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Presentation and Survival
Authors: Arch Rebecca Sinard , Fei‐Zhang David J. , Patel Urjeet , Rastatter Jeffrey C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare head and neck squamous cell carcinoma stage at presentation and survival in Medicaid‐expanded states versus nonexpanded states.Study DesignRetrospective cohort.SettingNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.MethodsThe Head and Neck with human papillomavirus Status Database within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program was queried for cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosed in the years 2010 to 2016. Cases were grouped according to their respective state Medicaid expansion status. Multivariable logistic regressions and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations with stage IV disease and survival.ResultsCompared to nonexpanded states, Medicaid‐expanded states had a significantly larger proportion of Medicaid patients (20.3% vs 16.7%, P = .0009) and a significantly smaller proportion of uninsured patients (1.7% vs 10.1%, P < .0001). The case selection process resulted in 2215 patients meeting inclusion criteria. In multivariable analysis, cases under Medicaid expansion were 31% less likely to present with stage IV disease compared to cases in nonexpanded states (odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51‐0.93). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, cases under Medicaid expansion had significantly better mortality outcomes and were 32% less likely to die compared to cases in nonexpanded states (hazard ratio: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.55‐0.84).ConclusionMedicaid expansion is associated with fewer stage IV cases and improved survival of HNSCC cases. These findings support continued efforts to expand Medicaid coverage.
Hyaluronic Acid Gel as Middle Ear and External Auditory Canal Packing Material in Tympanoplasty
Authors: Faramarzi Mohammad , Faramarzi Ali , Roosta Sareh , Pishgar Sajad , Owji Seyed Hossein 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid gel (HAG) on tympanic membrane (TM) graft success rate and audiometric outcomes in patients with large TM perforations during tympanoplasty.Study DesignA single‐blinded randomized controlled trial.SettingTertiary hospital.MethodsIn the study, we performed tympanoplasty via postauricular approach on 488 ears and compared 2 groups: the control group (n = 247) with absorbable gelatin sponge packing and the HAG group (n = 241) with HAG packing in both the middle ear and medial 2/3 of the external auditory canal. We compared the graft success rates and postoperative audiometric outcomes between the 2 groups.ResultsIn a study of 488 ears (HAG group = 241, control group = 247), the HAG group had a higher graft success rate of 96.7% (233/241 ears) compared to the control group's 91.5% (226/247 ears; P = .015). No significant difference was observed between HAG and control in postoperative ABG closure within 20 dB (HAG: 66.8% or 161 ears; control: 59.1% or 146 ears; P = .078). There were no significant differences in improvements, compared to their preoperative condition, in mean bone conduction (HAG: −0.1 ± 6.5; control: 1.3 ± 7.6), air conduction (HAG: 8.7 ± 12.1; control: 9.7 ± 13.1), air‐bone gap (HAG: 8.8 ± 10.6; control: 8.4 ± 12.0), and speech reception threshold (HAG: 9.4 ± 11.8; control: 9.2 ± 13.5) between the control and HAG groups (two one‐sided T test, P < .001).ConclusionIn tympanoplasty, HAG packing in the middle ear and external auditory canal yields higher graft success rates than absorbable gelatin sponge, while audiometric outcomes are similar for both the HAG and absorbable gelatin sponge packing cohorts.
Modelling of damage and failure within polymeric adhesives
Authors: Lamm Lukas , Sistig Jan , Pfeifer Jan Mirco , Holthusen Hagen , Felder Sebastian , Brepols Tim , Reese Stefanie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWithin this contribution, we propose a fully thermo‐mechanical coupled isotropic damage model for polymeric adhesives under finite strains. This model is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into mechanical and thermal parts. We consider rate‐dependent damage behaviour (e.g. creep damage) of the material by applying a Perzyna‐type ansatz for the damage evolution equations. To overcome the pronounced mesh dependencies which would result from the usage of a local damage model, we make use of a gradient‐extended damage formulation. Besides the main aspects of model, we show the thermodynamically consistent derivation of constitutive quantities as well as the numerical treatment of the governing equations. Finally, we show selected numerical examples to demonstrate the capabilities of the model.
Modeling of additive manufacturing processes with time‐dependent material properties using physics‐informed neural networks
Authors: Ekanayaka Virama , Hürkamp André 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, physics‐informed neural networks (PINNs) have been effectively utilized in a wide range of problems within the domains of applied mathematics and engineering. In PINNs, the governing physical equations are directly incorporated into the loss function of the network and a conventional labeled dataset is not required for its training. In order to successfully simulate the additive manufacturing processes with concrete, a novel process‐based FE‐simulation has been developed where the Drucker–Prager plasticity model is used as the material model. In this work, we will examine the deployment of a PINN to substitute the Newton–Raphson iterations that occur in the return‐mapping algorithm of the Drucker–Prager plasticity model.
Designing structures with polymorphic uncertainty: Enhanced decision making using information reduction measures to quantify robustness
Authors: Böttcher Maria , Graf Wolfgang , Kaliske Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe application of information reduction measures (IRMs) can provide valuable insight and enhance the process of design optimization when dealing with data uncertainty. For the engineering task of designing structures or products, an adequate modeling of data uncertainty is required. Therefore, a consideration of both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty in combined form as polymorphic uncertain input variables is utilized. The resulting uncertain output quantities are post‐processed to provide relevant insights into robustness and performance for the design optimization. To this end, IRMs are applied, categorized into representative and uncertainty quantifying measures. Various IRMs exist, but clear recommendations or explanations of why certain uncertainty quantifying measures are chosen are scarce, although different features of uncertain quantities are considered with different measures. The aim of this contribution is to give an insight to commonly applied IRMs and the specific information of the uncertain quantity they reflect. Additionally, handling results of nested uncertainty analyses of polymorphic uncertain quantities regarding robustness towards aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty is investigated.
Fiber and future: Unleashing the power of industrial hemp waste through epoxy composites
Authors: Soni Priyanka , Sinha Shishir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNatural fiber composites offer a sustainable alternative to synthetic polymer composites, addressing the environmental concerns associated with traditional materials. This study aims to investigate the effect of flame‐retardant additives (magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 [A] and aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 [B]) on hemp fiber‐based epoxy composites with a different fire retardant (FR) loading, that is, 0%, 8%, 12%, and 24%. An evaluation of flame‐retardant effectiveness on composites was carried out using thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 horizontal burning, morphological analysis scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and char residue analysis. The results show that introducing the flame retardants in the hemp–epoxy composites improved the thermal stability and flame retardancy of hemp–epoxy composites When composites were incorporated with flame retardants, the Horizontal burning rate was decreased, and LOI was increased. The lowest Horizontal burning rate of prepared composites was recorded as 11.6 mm/min, and the highest LOI was 25.3%. SEM shows uniform distribution of FR particles in the prepared composite. It is concluded that adding flame‐retardant additives efficiently improves the flame retardancy properties of the prepared composites.Highlights
The mechanical and flammability behavior of developed composites were investigated after adding magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide to composites.
An enhancement in flame retardancy and a slight reduction in mechanical properties are observed in composites.
The purpose of this study is to expand the area where flame‐retardant ramie fabrics may be applied.
Recombinant human diamine oxidase prevents hemodynamic effects of continuous histamine infusion in guinea pigs
Authors: Weiss-Tessbach Matthias , Reiter Birgit , Gludovacz Elisabeth , Boehm Thomas , Jilma Bernd , Rager-Resch Marlene 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To test whether recombinant human diamine oxidase (rhDAO) with a mutated heparin-binding motif (mHBM), which shows an increased alpha-distribution half-life, prevents histamine-induced hemodynamic effects.

Material
Thirty-eight female guinea pigs were either pretreated with rhDOA_mHBM or buffer.

Treatment and methods
Guinea pigs received a continuous infusion of histamine. Heart rate (HR), body core temperature and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured and blood was collected.

Results
Continuous intravenous infusion of 8 µg/kg/min histamine increased mean peak plasma histamine levels from 5 (± 0.3 SEM) to 28 ng/mL (± 4.9 SEM) after 30 min but had no effect on oxygen saturation. Guinea pigs pretreated with 4 mg/kg rhDAO_mHBM showed lower mean HR (p = 0.008), histamine plasma concentrations (p = 0.002), and higher body core temperatures at the end of the histamine challenge (p = 0.02) compared to controls. Cessation of histamine infusion led to a rebound increase in MAP, but this hemodynamic instability was prevented by rhDAO_mHBM. Pretreatment with 4 mg/kg rhDAO_mHBM reduced urinary histamine (p = 0.004) and 1-Methylhistamine (p < 0.0001) concentrations compared to controls.

Conclusions
Prophylactic infusion of rhDAO_mHBM prevents hemodynamic effects in a guinea pig model of continuous histamine infusion. These findings might help in the translation from animals to humans and in the selection of the optimal dosing of rhDAO_mHBM during human histamine challenge studies.
Influence of the moisture content on the fracture energy and tensile strength of hardwood spotted gum sawn timber and adhesive bonds (gluelines)
Authors: Lu Peiqing , Gilbert Benoit P. , Kumar Chandan , McGavin Robert L. , Karampour Hassan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aims to measure the fracture properties, including crack initiation and propagation, of Australia’s native forest grown spotted gum ([SPG], Corymbia citriodora) sawn timber and associated adhesive bonds at different moisture content levels. The collected data were used as input values to develop a numerical model to understand the delamination of SPG glulam beams when exposed to a wetting and drying process. Thus, Mode I and Mode II fracture energies for crack propagation along radial and glueline directions were experimentally investigated under various moisture content levels (8%, 12% and 16%). Single-end notched beams and compact shear specimens were used to capture the Mode I and Mode II fracture energies, respectively. For crack initiation, the tensile strength perpendicular to the grain and the shear strength (taken as the maximum stress from the Mode II fracture tests) were also measured. In total, 200 experimental tests were performed. One-way analysis of variance statistical analyses showed that the fracture energies and shear strengths were independent of the range of moisture content levels investigated. In addition, the collected data were compared with the limited published fracture properties of other hardwood species.
Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of a pitching foil with trailing edge serrations at a high Reynolds number
Authors: Ji Xueyu , Wang Li , Ravi Sridhar , Young John , Lai Joseph C. S. , Tian Fang-Bao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of a low-aspect-ratio ($$\hbox {AR}=0.2$$

AR
=
0.2

) pitching foil during dynamic stall are investigated numerically with focus on the effects of trailing edge serrations. A hybrid method coupling an immersed boundary method for incompressible flows with the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings acoustic analogy is employed. Large eddy simulation and turbulent boundary layer equation wall model are also employed to capture the turbulent effects. A modified NACA0012 foil with a rectangular trailing edge flap attached to the trailing edge (baseline case) undergoing pitching motion is considered. Trailing edge serrations are applied to the trailing edge flap and their effects on the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of the oscillating airfoil are considered by varying the wave amplitude ($$2h^*= 0.05, 0.1$$

2

h
∗

=
0.05
,
0.1

, and 0.2) at a Reynolds number of 100,000 and a Mach number of 0.05. It is found that the reduction of the sound pressure level at the dimensionless frequency band $$St_{b}\in [1.25,4]$$

S

t
b

∈

[
1.25
,
4
]

can be over 4 dB with the presence of the trailing edge serrations ($$2h^*=0.1$$

2

h
∗

=
0.1

), while the aerodynamic performance and its fluctuations are not significantly altered except a reduction around 10% in the negative moment coefficient and it fluctuations. This is due to the reduction of the average spanwise coherence function and the average surface pressure with respect to that of the baseline case, suggesting the reduction of the spanwise coherence and the noise source may result in the noise reduction. Analysis of the topology of the near wake coherent structure for $$2h^*=0.1$$

2

h
∗

=
0.1

reveals that the alignment of the streamwise-oriented vortex with the serration edge may reduce the surface pressure fluctuation.

Graphical abstract
Non-local modelling of multiphase flow wetting and thermo-capillary flow using peridynamic differential operator
Authors: Wang Bingquan , Oterkus Selda , Oterkus Erkan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInterfaces in multiphase flows are affected by surface tension, and when temperature gradients occur in the flow domain, tangential surface tensions along the interface also arise. As the behaviour of fluids contacting on a solid surface is also governed by surface tension, the description of the wetting phenomenon is challenging. Peridynamic differential operator (PDDO) can express partial differentials of any order by integral equations. Therefore, the governing equations for multiphase fluid motion, such as the Navier–Stokes equations and energy equations, can be reformulated in terms of integral equations. In this study, a novel non-local method is developed for modelling the multiphase fluid flow motion using the PDDO, and the thermal effect on surface tension force is considered. To describe the surface tension forces in the normal and tangential directions, the non-local form of the continuum surface force (CFS) model is presented. Besides, to overcome the inaccuracy of the unit normal vectors at the three-phase flow intersection region, an additional treatment for this region is presented. Finally, several benchmark multiphase fluid flow cases, such as square droplet deformation, surface wetting, and droplet migration in thermo-capillary flow are presented and validated. The results demonstrate that the developed non-local model can accurately capture the surface tension effect in multiphase fluid flow motion.
Geometrical and mechanical analysis of polylactic acid and polyvinylidine fluoride scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Akbari Sadaf , Khazaeinejad Payam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUtilising finite element analyses and experimental testing, this study investigates the influence of scaffold porosity on mechanical behaviour and evaluates the potential of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyvinylidine fluoride (PVDF) as bone substitute materials. Scaffold geometries were devised using design parameters adapted from extant literature and then generated using computer-aided engineering tools. Methodical variations in strand thickness were applied, maintaining other design criteria constant for robust analysis. Results, derived under varied loading conditions, suggest that scaffold mechanical properties are influenced significantly by geometry, strand diameter and porosity. Cubic scaffolds exhibited marked strength. Structures with reduced porosity demonstrated heightened mechanical characteristics, while facilitating bone cell proliferation. For a comparative context, PVDF scaffolds were benchmarked against human femur bone properties, revealing a mechanical behaviour alignment, particularly in their Young’s modulus.
A contemporary analysis of the pre- and intraoperative recognition of multigland parathyroid disease
Authors: Lawrence E , Johri G , Dave R , Li R , Gandhi A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite advances in biochemical and radiological identification of parathyroid gland enlargement, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) due to sporadic multigland parathyroid disease (MGPD) remains a perioperative diagnostic dilemma. Failure to recognise MGPD pre- or intraoperatively may negatively impact surgical cure rates and result in persistent PHPT and ongoing patient morbidity.

Methods
We have conducted a comprehensive review of published literature in attempt to determine factors that could aid in reliably diagnosing sporadic MGPD pre- or intraoperatively. We discuss preoperative clinical features and examine pre- and intraoperative biochemical and imaging findings concentrating on those areas that give practicing surgeons and the wider multi-disciplinary endocrine team indications that a patient has MGDP. This could alter surgical strategy.

Conclusion
Biochemistry can provide diagnosis of PHPT but cannot reliably discriminate parathyroid pathology. Histopathology can aid diagnosis between MGPD and adenoma, but histological appearance can overlap. Multiple negative imaging modalities indicate that MGPD may be more likely than a single parathyroid adenoma, but the gold standard for diagnosis is still intraoperative identification during BNE. MGPD remains a difficult disease to both diagnose and treat.
A systematic review of qualitative research exploring patient and health professional perspectives of breakthrough cancer pain
Authors: Crawford G. B. , Lakhani A. , Palmer L. , Sebalj M. , Rolan P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeBreakthrough cancer pain (BtCP) is a prevalent health issue which is difficult to manage. A plethora of quantitative research in this area exists. There is a paucity of research on the perspectives of health professionals and patients surrounding domains impacting effective treatment, including definitions of BtCP, treatment, and education opportunities. This review aims to identify and synthesize the extent of qualitative research exploring health professional and patient perspectives of BtCP.MethodsA systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach was undertaken. The approach was registered with Prospero. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for peer-reviewed literature published any date prior to May 19, 2022. Eligible sources must have considered health professional and/or patient perspectives of BtCP. A narrative synthesis approach was utilized.ResultsThree sources met the review criteria. One source explored nurse perspectives, while two sources explored patient perspectives. Study quality was moderate to high. Overlapping themes across the three studies included communication, defining BtCP, impact of BtCP, management of BtCP, perceptions of BtCP, analgesia and pain relief, and training and professional development.ConclusionGiven limited research investigating clinician and patient perspectives of BtCP, a rich understanding informed by exploratory qualitative methods around identification, best management strategies, professional development, and factors promoting and inhibiting best practice remains unclear. Further qualitative inquiry is warranted, and it is expected such research will inform BtCP clinical guidelines.
Analysis of miRNA expression profiles in exosomes of SMB-S15 cells treated with resveratrol
Authors: Shi Qiang , Zhang Lina , Wulayin Xiemusiye , Cao Rundong , Jiao Mingyuan , Wang Jing , Han Jun , Dong Xiao-Ping , Gao Chen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExosomes are double-layered vesicle bodies secreted by cells, in which microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role. In a previous study, we found that treatment of the prion-infected cell line SMB-S15 with resveratrol can effectively inhibit the propagation of PrPScin vitro and eliminate its infectivity in vivo. In this study, the global expression profiles of miRNAs in extracellular exosomes during resveratrol clearance of PrPSc in SMB-S15 cells were analyzed. Extracted exosomal miRNAs from the prion-infected cell line SMB-S15 (S15) and its normal partner cell line SMB-PS (PS) as well as SMB-S15 cells exposed to resveratrol for 4 days (RES4) and 8 days (RES8) were subjected into deep sequencing. Similarities and differences in the levels of differentially expressed miRNAs as well as the signaling pathways that are potentially involved were comparatively analyzed. The possible influences on the expression of genes affected by changes in exosomal miRNAs in the context of the prion pathway were further analyzed. These alterations in exosomal miRNA levels may help us to understand the functional transmission of intercellular messages and the pathogenesis of prion biology and prion disease.