bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Condition of the problem of organ transplantation in the USSR in 1970–1971 and ways to solve it (Yu.M. Lopukhin, A.G. Lapchinsky, V.P. Demikhov)
Authors: Glyantsev S. P. 
Published: December 2023

Aim. The article examines and analyzes the state of the problem of organ transplantation in the USSR in the early 1970s and ways to solve it with the participation of three prominent transplantologists of the Soviet Union – Yu.M. Lopukhin, A.G. Lapchinsky and V.P. Demikhov, as well as some world achievements in this field.Material and methods. Available printed works on the history of Russian and world transplantology in the 1970s, the analysis of which was carried out by historical-genetic and comparative-analytical methods.Results. Developed by Yu.M. Lopukhin together with leading surgeons and immunologists of the country the Program of scientific research on the problem of transplantation of organs and tissues included three main areas: clinical problems of transplantation of organs and body parts (limbs), including ensuring the viability of organs and tissues outside the body, the ways to overcome biological incompatibility, and also the moral and ethical issues of transplantation, and donation issues. It is shown that the methods of overcoming biological incompatibility in organ and tissue allotransplantations, which had been used for many years by A.G. Lapchinsky and V.P. Demikhov (exchange transfusion of blood between organisms of different species, cross circulation between individuals of the same species), no longer corresponded to the state of medical science, which was represented by Yu.M. Lopukhin. However, scientists who had world-class priorities for the duration of survival of experimental animals with a transplanted limb (A.G. Lapchinsky) and an additional heart and lung transplanted into the chest (V.P. Demikhov) could help in the implementation of some provisions of the Lopukhin’s Program. The preservation of organs and tissues before transplantation in a state of suspended animation was studied by A.G. Lapchinsky, and V.P. Demikhov worked at developing the methods for the extracorporeal connection of organs to the body of an intermediate host and using portable artificial hearts to maintain the vital activity of a cadaveric heart before transplantation.Conclusions. Pioneers of experimental transplantology in the USSR A.G. Lapchinsky and V.P. Demikhov, who began their research in the 1940s, still could have solved many issues of transplanting organs and body parts by the 1970s. But in presented in 1971 Program on the problem of organ and tissue transplantation, prepared under the guidance of Yu.M. Lopukhin, the emphasis was placed on immunological studies, while experimental surgeons played a minor role in it.
Práticas socioambientais na produção sustentável da Associação das Mulheres Extrativistas Sementes Araguari (Amapá)
Authors: Costa Célia Souza da 
Published: December 2023

Este artigo discorre sobre os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável em consonância com a prática da produção sustentável das mulheres extrativistas do rio Araguari. Elas são conhecidas como sementeiras do Araguari e produzem biocosméticos a partir da andiroba, copaíba, pracaxi e de outras sementes que são coletadas na Floresta Nacional do Amapá (FLONA) que também é uma Floresta Estadual (FLOTA). Esse território está localizado no estado do Amapá. Os biocosméticos produzidos são pomadas, velas e sabonetes que geram renda para cerca de 80 mulheres extrativistas e suas famílias. Antes, as mulheres e suas famílias tinham como a única alternativa de renda o trabalho ilegal em um garimpo que foi fechado em 2007. Os objetivos deste artigo é discutir como as mulheres extrativistas conseguem por meio da produção sustentável atingir os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável e analisar as práticas socioambientais realizadas por essas mulheres. O método utilizado é a pesquisa qualitativa com a abordagem exploratória. Os resultados apontam que há uma preocupação das famílias que são lideradas por essas mulheres extrativistas em garantir uma melhoria de qualidade de vida com o proveito dos recursos naturais por meio da produção sustentável que gera fonte de renda ao mesmo tempo que cuida da floresta e todos os seres que habitam nela.
Komparasi Sistem Pemilihan Umum Estonia - Indonesia : Penerapan I-Voting
Authors: Munawaroh Umi Rofiatun 
Published: December 2023

This article discusses a comparison of the electoral systems that tahe place in Indonesian and Estonia. Estonia is a country that implements Parlianmentary democracy while Indonesian is a country that implements Pancasila Democracy. Estonia is a republic with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of goverment. Indonesian has the same form of state as Estonia, namely a republic. However, Indonesian does not adhere to a parlianmentary system which is reflected in the president’s position as head of government who is assisted in carrying out his duties by the vice presdient. Estonia is considered a developed country because it has an all-electronic government system or can be accessed via the internet. This has been implemented in an election system called e-voting since 2005. Until now, Indonesia still uses the conventional voting system through ballots. Many problems arise in the conventional electoral system through ballots considering Indonesia’s vast territory and difficulties in accessing election logistics. Therefore, a discussion on the comparison of the two countries in the general electoral system is to find out the similarities and differences in the system applied. The method used in this research is a literature study using a comparative approach. The method used in this research is a literature study using a comparative approach. The research method uses literature study by quoting data from websites, journals and books that discuss the general election system in Indonesia and Estonia. The results of this research are a comparison of the electoral system of Indonesia and Estonia. It is especially important for Indonesia to be able to modify Estonia’s general election system which is considered very modern because it uses Internet Voting.
Mulheres negras e o racismo à luz da mandala dos saberes
Authors: Nascimento Kelly Cristina do , Delgado Flávia Alves , Barbosa Maria do Socorro Alécio , Lima Renata Cristina Beltrão de , Lima Tereza Natália Bezerra de , Gomes Betânia da Mata Ribeiro 
Published: December 2023

A escravização praticada no Brasil colonial afetou sobretudo as mulheres negras, as quais foram submetidas a diversos tipos de violência, impactando diretamente a sua qualidade de vida e saúde. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar as percepções dos impactos causados pelo racismo na vida das mulheres trabalhadoras sexuais negras à luz da Mandala dos Saberes. Trata-se de um relato de experiência com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido na Associação de Profissionais do Sexo em Piauí, no mês de agosto de 2022. Ficou evidente na fala das participantes a desigualdade existente na sociedade, o preconceito e a estigmatização, tanto por serem negras quanto por serem profissionais do sexo. Apesar de haver um avanço nas discussões e implementação de políticas voltadas a esse público é necessário que sejam planejadas e executadas ações com o propósito de disseminar o conhecimento e empoderar essas mulheres na busca de seus direitos.
Descritores: Racismo, Educação em Saúde, Profissionais do Sexo.

Black women and racism in the light of the mandala of knowledge
Abstract: The enslavement practiced in colonial Brazil mainly affected black women, who were subjected to different types of violence, directly impacting their quality of life and health. The present work aims to report the perceptions of the impacts caused by racism in the lives of black female sex workers in the light of the Mandala dos Saberes. This is an experience report with a qualitative approach, developed at the Association of Sex Professionals in Piauí, in August 2022. black and for being sex workers. Despite progress in the discussions and implementation of policies aimed at this public, it is necessary to plan and execute actions with the purpose of disseminating knowledge and empowering these women in the pursuit of their rights.
Descriptors: Racism, Health Education, Sex Workers.

Mujeres negras y racismo a la luz del mandala del saber
Resumen: La esclavitud practicada en el Brasil colonial afectó principalmente a las mujeres negras, que fueron sometidas a diferentes tipos de violencia, impactando directamente en su calidad de vida y salud. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo relatar las percepciones de los impactos causados por el racismo en la vida de trabajadoras sexuales negras a la luz del Mandala dos Saberes. Se trata de un relato de experiencia con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollado en la Asociación de Profesionales del Sexo de Piauí, en agosto de 2022. negros y por ser trabajadoras sexuales. A pesar de los avances en las discusiones e implementación de políticas dirigidas a este público, es necesario planificar e implementar acciones con el propósito de difundir conocimientos y empoderar a estas mujeres en la búsqueda de sus derechos.
Descriptores: Racismo, Educación en Salud, Trabajadoras Sexuales.
Teleworkability and the COVID-19 crisis: potential and actual prevalence of remote work across Europe
Authors: Sostero Matteo , Milasi Santo , Hurley John , Fernandez-Macias Enrique , Bisello Martina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper develops a conceptual analysis to identify the jobs that can be done from home and those that cannot, and on this basis quantifies the fraction of employees that are in teleworkable occupations across EU countries. Using detailed data on occupational tasks, we construct two teleworkability indices. The first core technical teleworkability index, based on the prominence of physical tasks, implies that 36% of dependent employment in the EU is technically teleworkable. However, our second social interaction index shows that only one third of teleworkable employment is in occupations that require limited social interactions, thus ideally suited to telework. To validate our approach, we compare our measures of teleworkability with data on the actual prevalence of telework before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. We show that our measures correlate with the observed increase in telework across countries and occupations in the EU during the outbreak. However, the prevalence of telework among employees appears to have remained below its full potential in 2020, as measured by our technical teleworkability index. This is especially the case for lower-level white-collar occupations as well as for countries with limited previous experience with teleworking. These patterns suggests that, despite the rapid increase in teleworking, the same barriers that prevented the diffusion of telework before the outbreak – lack of ICT infrastructure, fears of losing managerial control, position in the occupational hierarchy, limited workforce's digital skills, awkwardness of remote social interaction – are likely to continue playing an important role in shaping the diffusion of telework after the outbreak.
The Use of Mosses in Biomonitoring of Air Pollution in the Terrestrial Environment: A Review
Authors: Baczewska-Dąbrowska Aneta Helena , Gworek Barbara , Dmuchowski Wojciech 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Environmental biomonitoring is an excellent supplement to instrumental methods of environmental quality assessment. The use of biological methods has many advantages (relatively low cost, independence from the source of energy in the field etc.). The limitation in the use of bioindication methods is the inability to compare the results with legal environmental pollution standards. Mosses are commonly used in air pollution monitoring. Mosses exhibit most of the characteristics attributed to effective bioindicators. The advantage of mosses over other bioindicators comes from the fact that the result depends only on-air pollution due to the lack of practical contact with the soil. Mosses are used in air pollution biomonitoring in two basic methods: naturally growing or transplanted to the researched area. They are most often used to assess air pollution by metals and other elements, but also by various organic compounds. A prerequisite for successful application of these methods is strict adherence to a recognised methodology and standardisation of all activities, such as random selection of measurement points. The article presents a critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of biomonitoring of air pollutants, along with a final recommendation for their use, provided that appropriate methodological rigor is maintained. An important advantage of mosses in biomonitoring is their relatively practical ease of application and interpretation of results, resulting in their widespread use.
Economic and Environmental Effects of Innovative Potato Cultivation with the Use of Beneficial Microorganisms in Poland
Authors: Gołębiewska Barbara , Maciejczak Mariusz , Filipiak Tadeusz , Sobolewska Agnieszka , Urbanowicz Janusz , Osowski Jerzy , Treder Krzysztof 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Agricultural production is the main area of human activity that affects both food security and well-being, as well as the environment, in which people live. The modern economy tries to combine economic and environmental goals, because uncontrolled intensive production growth can lead to irreversible changes in the environment. This paper addresses the issue of evaluating one of the methods in search of the golden mean of sustainable agricultural production, on the example of the potato-microbiome interaction leading to the development of an innovative strategy of potato breeding and production. The aim was to apprise the economic and environmental effects of innovative potato cultivation with the use of beneficial microorganisms in Poland based on the field data. The data for the analyses were obtained from experimental field work carried out in 2021–2022 under the PotatoMetaBiome project. The analysis of the collected data allowed us to conclude that from the economic point of view, the most profitable was the strategy that included the use of practices based on synthetic means of production (with mineral fertilizers and chemical protection). On the other hand, the use of innovative preparations with beneficial microorganisms slightly increased the profitability in relation to the strategy without means of production and with the use of synthetic means of production. At the same time, it had the least negative impact on the environment than other agricultural practices. The obtained results indicate that the use of beneficial microorganisms may be a viable alternative agricultural strategy in potato production. It allows farmers to obtain satisfactory economic results while maintaining the environmental regime. Their use, however, requires further research in terms of the impact on the economics and organisation of agricultural production.
The discount rate in calculating the budgetary efficiency of investment projects: approaches and methods
Authors: Goleva Olga Ivanovna , Martyanov Nikolai Sergeevich , Melnikov Aleksei Evgenevich 
Published: December 2023

The question of discounting (and justifying the discount rate) in relation to the effects on the budget of a country or region arises not only in connection with "classic" investment projects implemented by businesses in a certain territory, but also in connection with any management decisions requiring budget expenditures and/or implying an analysis of alternative solutions. The purpose of the work is to analyze and systematize normative and/or author's scientifically based methodological approaches to the selection and justification of the discount rate for evaluating the budgetary effectiveness of investment projects (and other management decisions). The subject of the study is the selection and justification of the discount rate for the purpose of evaluating deferred effects in calculating the budgetary efficiency of investment projects, taking into account the time value of money. Based on the analysis and systematization of available approaches and methods for constructing the discount rate in assessing deferred effects of budget efficiency based on domestic and foreign materials of normative, methodological and scientific literature, an algorithm for constructing and justifying the discount rate is proposed. The analysis of normative, methodological and normative literature has shown that today all the main approaches to the construction and justification of the discount rate when assessing deferred effects in calculating budget efficiency can be grouped by areas of application and the following can be distinguished: assessment of the effectiveness of investment projects with state participation (budget financing); assessment of the effectiveness of public-private partnership projects and municipal-private partnerships (including special economic zones); assessment of the effectiveness of tax benefits/ tax expenditures (and other changes in tax legislation); assessment of the effectiveness of various non-tax measures and measures to support and stimulate the development of certain industries and categories of economic entities; assessment of the effectiveness of projects in the public sector of the economy (provision of public goods, including regulatory impact assessment (when adopting and subsequent analysis of government regulatory measures), assessment of measures and technologies for managing risks to life and health of the population. The proposed algorithm for selecting and justifying the discount rate for calculating the budgetary efficiency of investment projects will allow taking into account the industry' specifics of projects.
Uma análise da pericardite: aguda e recorrente
Authors: Braz Felipe Blanc , Silva Pedro Henrique Dias Rosa da , Ferreira Thomaz Mota Cabo , Siqueira Emilio Conceição de 
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Analisar as características da Pericardite aguda e recorrente. Revisão bibliográfica: O pericárdio é uma membrana de dupla camada que envolve o coração. O espessamento e a inflamação dessa membrana são chamados de pericardite. A pericardite aguda e recorrente é causada por uma inflamação ativa do pericárdio, que é idiopática na maioria dos casos. A pericardite aguda é a mais frequente entre as síndromes pericárdicas e é responsável por cerca de 5% de todas as internações no pronto-socorro por dor torácica aguda. A complicação mais frequente após a pericardite aguda é a pericardite recorrente ou incessante, relatada em cerca de 15 a 30% dos pacientes. Considerações finais: A pericardite aguda é uma causa relativamente comum de dor torácica aguda que pode ser prontamente avaliada pela anamnese completa complementada por eletrocardiograma e ecocardiografia, sendo a recorrência uma das suas principais complicações. Sua terapêutica é baseada na restrição de exercícios, anti inflamatórios não esteroidais (ibuprofeno ou aspirina) e colchicina com um inibidor de bomba de prótons a fim de proteção gástrica. Além disso, podem ser utilizados corticóides e há novas drogas como os anticorpos monoclonais anakinra, canacinumab e rilonacept.
Visualization of a graph model of medical drugs and their classes with subject to incompatibility
Authors: Karandeev A.A. , Iashin N.A. , Kudryashev R.A. 
Published: December 2023

Currently, the world is actively undergoing digital transformation, which is associated with the introduction of digital technologies in various fields. Methods for predicting and combating various types of diseases are being developed more and more actively. A separate place in this issue is given to pharmacology and reducing the risks of poly-pharmacotherapy. Works in this area have become more and more active in the last three years, and relate primarily to the problems of experimental medicine - the search for new drugs or classification of patients by images. In this connection, the development of algorithms for processing big data in the field of clinical pharmacology, including regulatory documents, instructions for the use of drugs, reliable medical resources for machine learning and building a knowledge base focused on practical application in real medical practice, is becoming increasingly important.
One of the considered approaches for solving the problems described above is the search for an effective vector representation of the found concepts (word embedding) to build models of recommendations for the practical use of drugs based on the diagnosis and models for identifying their compatibility. The article presents a software tool for visualizing a graph model of medicines and their classes, considering their incompatibility. The problem of incompatibility of medicines is being investigated. The considered database of medicines, obtained from various sources, and the advantages of its use are described. The article presents the results of the developed prototype of a software tool that allows you to visualize a complete graph of relationships between drugs, a graph of incompatible drugs for a selected drug, and a graph of compatibility of two drugs. Graph model visualization provides a visual representation of complex relationships and allows researchers and pharmacologists to better understand interactions between drugs. The software offer the necessary tools to make informed decisions when prescribing medications and improve safety when using medicines.
АНАЛИЗ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ СУБЪЕКТОВ СКФО: ПРИЧИНЫ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Абасова Хабсат Узеровна 
Published: December 2023

Цель исследования: выявление факторов, определяющих характер потребительского поведения населения региона, на примере субъектов Северо-Кавказского федерального округа России. Методы: поставленные в исследовании задачи определили необходимость использования комплекса методов, в том числе абстрактно-логического, монографического, экспериментального, расчетно-конструктивного, метода сравнительного анализа, эконометрического моделирования. Результаты: с изменением современного рынка меняется и потребительское поведение людей. Причиной трансформации могут выступить определенные факторы. В исследовании представлена классификация факторов, влияющих на потребительское поведение населения, и проведен анализ потребительского поведения населения республик Северного Кавказа. Анализ статистических данных использования денежных доходов домохозяйствами позволил выявить стабильный рост расходов на покупку товаров и оплату услуг как по федеральным округам страны, так и по регионам Северо-Кавказского федерального округа России. Также увеличиваются расходы на приобретение недвижимости практически по всем территориальным округам и субъектам за исследуемый период, которые, в определенной мере, происходят за счет сокращения доли финансовых активов населения. Оборот розничной торговли также устойчиво растет, что интерпретируется увеличением цен на товары. Кроме того, рынок общественного питания развивается достаточно динамично. Как негативную тенденцию можно расценивать снижение расходов на пищевые продукты и напитки. За исключением Ставропольского края, где наблюдается относительная стабильность, в регионах Северо-Кавказского федерального округа отмечается уменьшение расходов домохозяйств на продовольствие. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы органами исполнительной власти региона при разработке программ социально-экономического развития территорий. Выводы. Снижение роста реальной заработной платы в регионах Северного Кавказа сказывается на объеме и структуре потребительских расходов населения. Доля продовольственных товаров в данной структуре выступает маркером уровня жизни населения. Результаты анализа демонстрируют сложившуюся тенденцию к экономии на покупку различных товаров, продуктов и услуг у населения, что косвенно подтверждает переход на сберегательную модель поведения, при которой основные расходы приходятся на продовольствие и товары первой необходимости.