bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High modularity, more flexible and independent communication of brain networks after stroke
Authors: Huai Zou , Yu Xin , Kang Wu , Yuan Li , Chen Chen , Zhu Chen , Yue Shi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Stroke is recognized as a network communication disorder. Advances in neuroimaging technologies have enhanced our comprehension of dynamic cerebral alterations. However, abnormal and adaptive brain activity patterns after stroke are still underexplored. We aim to identify dynamic patterns of network remodeling in stroke patients with hemiplegia. fMRI data were obtained from 50 stroke patients and 35 healthy controls to establish a spatiotemporal multilayer modularity model. Then, graph-theoretic measures, including modularity, flexibility, cohesion and disjointedness were calculated to quantify dynamic reconfiguration. Our findings reveal that the post-stroke brain exhibited higher modular organization, as well as heightened flexibility and disjointedness compared to HCs; specifically, increased flexibility and disjointedness, were observed in the Sensorimotor network, Default mode network, and Attentional network, indicating that brain nodes tend to switch more frequently and independently between communities, and the dynamic changes were mainly driven by motor control and cognition-related networks. Notably, modified functional dynamics positively correlated with better motor performance in patients with mild motor impairment. Collectively, our research uncovered high modularity, global hyper-flexibility, and independent reorganization following stroke. Our findings may offer new insights into the complex reorganization of neural function in post-stroke brain.
Assessing the Impact of the Epidemic Lockdown on Shenyang's Air Quality
Authors: Wang Lukai , Ma Chen , Zhuang Xiaohong , Yang Guangchao , peng kang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 (novel coronavirus 2019) led to a significant decrease in human activities, providing a unique window to explore the potential for emission control and the subsequent response of air quality. In this study, we investigated the concentration trends of six standard air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) in Shenyang during the pre-lockdown period (January 1 to January 25, 2020), lockdown period (January 26 to March 23, 2020), and post-lockdown period (March 24 to May 20, 2020). Additionally, we examined the relationships between atmospheric pollutants during these three periods and the backward trajectories every 6 hours and 24 hours. The results showed that during the lockdown period, the reduction in air pollution was closely related to the restriction of mobile pollution sources. The difference in AQI (Air Quality Index) between the northern and southern regions decreased spatially. Compared to the pre-lockdown period, the mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO decreased by 46.96%, 40.28%, 46.87%, 38.95%, and 44.03%, respectively. However, when compared to the same period in 2019 and 2021, we found that the lockdown measures did not significantly decrease the Air Quality Index. Only PM10 and SO2 showed significant decreases compared to 2019, while the variation in O3 concentration was minimally affected by the reduced industrial emissions during the pandemic. Furthermore, using the composite index analysis, we found that industrial combustion was the main source of atmospheric pollutants. We speculated that the increased emissions from industrial combustion due to the higher demand for residential heating during the lockdown period hindered significant improvement in air quality. The correlation analysis indicated a highly significant positive correlation between PM and trace gases (SO2, NO2, CO) during all three periods, suggesting similar emission sources for these pollutants. Long-range regional transport mainly originated from Mongolia and Russia in the northwest direction of Shenyang. Therefore, this study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of different pollution sources on air pollution. It highlights the need for regionally coordinated and balanced strategies for controlling multiple pollutants in the future.
Complications of chest wall around malignant tumors: differences based on reconstruction strategy
Authors: Asanuma Kunihiro , Tsujii Masaya , Hagi Tomohito , Nakamura Tomoki , Kataoka Takeshi , Uchiyama Teruya , Adachi Ryohei , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The chest wall around malignant tumors needs wide resection with tumor-free margins, and reconstruction methods differ according to tumor depth. This study evaluated differences in complications according to reconstruction strategy.
Methods
Forty-five patients with 52 operations for resection of the chest wall around malignant tumors were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized as having superficial tumors, comprising Group A with simple closure for small soft tissue defects and Group B with flap coverage for wide soft tissue defects, or deep tumors, comprising Group C with full-thickness resection with or without mesh reconstruction and Group D with full-thickness resection covered by flap with or without polymethyl methacrylate. Complications were evaluated for the 52 operations based on reconstruction strategy then risk factors for surgical and respiratory complications were elucidated.
Results
Total local recurrence-free survival rates in 45 patients who received first operation were 83.9% at 5 years and 70.6% at 10 years. The surgical complication rate was 11.5% (6/52), occurring only in cases with deep tumors, predominantly from Group D (p = 0.0064). Operations needing chest wall reconstruction (p = 0.0016) and flap transfer (p = 0.0112) were significantly associated with the incidence of complications. Operations involving complications showed significantly larger tumors, wider areas of bony chest wall resection and greater volumes of bleeding (p < 0.005). Flap transfer was the only significant predictor identified from multivariate analysis (OR: 10.8, 95%CI: 1.05–111; p = 0.0456). The respiratory complication rate was 13.5% (7/52), occurring with superficial and deep tumors, particularly Groups B and D (p < 0.0005). Flap transfer was significantly associated with the incidence of respiratory complications (p < 0.0005). Cases in the group with respiratory complications were older, more frequently had a history of smoking, had lower FEV1.0% and had a wider area of skin resected compared to cases in the group without respiratory complications (p < 0.05). Preoperative FEV1.0% was the only significant predictor identified from multivariate analysis (OR: 0.814, 95%CI: 0.693–0.957; p = 0.0126).
Conclusions
Surgical complications were more frequent in Group D and after operations involving flap transfer. Severe preoperative FEV1.0% was associated with respiratory complications even in cases of superficial tumors with flap transfer.
Extractive Text Summarization Using Formality of Language
Authors: Mehta Harsh , Bharti Santosh kumar , Doshi Nishant 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Automatic text summarization is a more than decade-old research method to get a summary from the larger descriptive text, and the cam- paign to find the best approach is still going on. Much research has been done, and new techniques are emerging to get a summary from the text document. Many unsupervised methods do not give justice to the lan- guage with high inflections. We aim to provide a unique technique that gives justice to complex morphological language. We present a novel method, the formality of a language, to generate a summary. We have used an already researched formality formula to measure the formality of language but customized it to suit an Indo-Iranian language family. We have proved that our redefined formula works with a 7.28% higher formality score than informal language. We also ran a statistical sig- nificance test to confirm the results. We apply this formula to measure whether the sentence is formal or informal. Our customized formula mix- ture with other measures like Shannon entropy score, and the presence of numeric values, we generate a score of a sentence. Based on scoring, we generate a text summary. We experimented formula on the generated Gujarati corpus and collected the results. We compared our technique with similar methods on ideal compression ratios like 20% and 30%. We got the highest accuracy with an increase of 14.63% compared to other methods on rouge-1 with a 30% compression ratio and a 28.60% increase in rouge-1 with a 20% compression ratio. Detailed experiment values with all the results have been provided for further study and research.
Microarchitectural structure of bone mediates the relationship between age and cognition
Authors: Li Lishan , Ye Lihua , Wen Jianzhen , Bian Zhuang , Han Wenya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is potential endocrine crosstalk between bone and the brain. To elucidate the relationship between age and cognitive decline, it is important to consider microarchitectural structure of bone such as trabecular bone score (TBS), which is more sensitive technique to measure microarchitectural structure of bone than bone mineral density (BMD) and may affect behavior. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if TBS is a mediator of the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Healthy participants (N = 101, 40–90 years) completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Body composition, BMD and TBS were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Mediation analysis was conducted to determine if TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognition. Older age was associated with worse cognition (p < 0.001), but this was an indirect effect: older participants had lower TBS, and, in turn, lower TBS was associated with worse MoCA scores. TBS mediates the relationship between age and cognitive decline. Importantly, this relationship was not moderated by age. Moreover, high muscle mass was associated with increased TBS. This relationship between health and TBS may be a possible mechanistic explanation for how health affects cognition in older age.
Respiratory internal kinematics of the tongue base and soft palate
in obese minipigs with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Liu Zi-Jun , Yang Mandy , Deng Meng-Zhao , Abdelfattah Mohamed Yehia , Baldwin Michael , Weaver Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

It is largely unknown how the tongue base and soft palate deform to alter the configuration of the oropharyngeal airway during respiration. This study is to address this important gap. After live sleep monitoring of 5 Yucatan and 2 Panepinto minipigs to verify obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 8 and 4 ultrasonic crystals were implanted into the tongue base and soft palate to circumscribe a cubic and square region, respectively. The 3D and 2D dimensional changes of the circumscribed regions were measured simultaneously with electromyographic activity (EMG) of the oropharyngeal muscles during spontaneous respiration under sedated sleep. The results indicated that both obese Yucatan and Panepinto minipigs presented spontaneous OSA, but not in 3 non-obese Yucatan minipigs. During inspiration, the tongue base showed elongation in both dorsal and ventral regions but thinning and thickening in the anterior and posterior regions respectively. The widths showed opposite directions, widening in the dorsal but narrowing in the ventral regions. The soft palate expanded in both length and width. Compared to normal controls, obese/OSA ones showed similar directions of dimensional changes, but the magnitude of change was two times larger in the tongue base and soft palate, and obese/OSA Panepinto minipigs presented 10 times larger changes in all dimensions of both the tongue base and the soft palate. The opposite direction of the respiratory spatial relationship between these two structures was seen in obese/OSA as compared to normal minipigs.
Rational Sine-Gordon expansion method to analyze the dynamical behavior of the time-fractional phi-four and (2+1) dimensional CBS equations
Authors: Mamun Abdulla - Al - , Ananna Samsun Nahar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This study uses the rational Sine-Gordon expansion (RSGE) method to investigate the dynamical behavior of traveling wave solutions of the water wave phenomena for the time-fractional phi-four equation and the (2+1) dimensional Calogero-Bogoyavlanskil schilf (CBS) equation. The technique uses the sine-Gordon equation as an auxiliary equation to generalize the well-known sine-Gordon expansion. It adopts a more broad strategy, a rational function rather than a polynomial one, of the solutions of the auxiliary equation, in contrast to the traditional sine-Gordon expansion technique. Several explanations for hyperbolic functions may be produced using the previously stated approach. The solutions are graphically shown in three-dimensional (3D) surface and contour plots using MATLAB software. All screens display the absolute wave configurations in the resolutions of the equation with the proper parameters. Furthermore, it can be deduced that the physical properties of the found solutions and their characteristics may help us comprehend how shallow water waves move in nonlinear dynamics.
Influence of occupational stress and coping styles on depressive symptoms in 2,083 manufacturing workers of China
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Chen Huiqing , Liao Xiqing , Huang Manqi , Liu Xiaoman , Guo Yao , Chen Jiabin , Li Shuang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the influence of occupational stress and coping styles on depressive symptoms in manufacturing workers of China.
Methods
A total of 2,083 workers from two manufacturing enterprises in Beijing City and four manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as study subjects using judgment sampling method. The occupational stress, coping styles, and depression symptoms were accessed using the Core Occupational Stress Measurement Scale, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale.
Results
A total of 2,311 questionnaires were distributed, and 2,083 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid questionnaire recovery rate of 90.1%. The average scores of occupational stress, positive coping style, negative coping style and depressive symptoms among the study subjects were 45.0, 32.0, 23.0 and 6.0, respectively. The detection rates of occupational stress and depressive symptoms were 29.5% (615/2,083) and 15.7% (327/2,083). Depressive symptoms were positively correlated with occupational stress and negative coping style (rS were 0.351 and 0.540, respectively, and both P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with positive coping style (rS was − 0.208, P < 0.001). Occupational stress was positively correlated with negative coping style (rS was 0.296, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with positive coping style (rS was − 0.246, P < 0.001). The four dimensions of occupational stress explained 15.9% of variation in depressive symptoms (P < 0.001). The inclusion of the two dimensions of coping styles on the above basis could explain 19.3% of the variation in depressive symptoms (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the four dimensions of occupational stress had a statistically significant effect on depressive symptoms (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Occupational stress could directly affect the occurrence of depressive symptoms in manufacturing workers of China. Coping styles moderated the effect of occupational stress on depressive symptoms. Positive coping style could help alleviate the adverse effects of occupational stress and reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.
Radiomics- and dosiomics-based prediction of treatment failure after chemoradiotherapy for pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Kamezawa Hidemi , Arimura Hidetaka 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigated an approach to predict treatment failure after chemoradiation using radiomics and dosiomics in patients with pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). Data of 172 patients were collected from a public database. The cases were divided into the training (n = 140) and testing (n = 32) datasets. A total of 1027 features, including radiomic (R) features (first-order, texture, and wavelet features), local binary pattern-based (L) features, and topological (T) features, were extracted from the computed tomography (CT) image and dose distribution (DD) of the gross tumor volume. The Coxnet algorithm was employed on the training dataset to select significant features. Twenty-One treatment failure prediction models were constructed based on Rad scores. The overall adequacy of the treatment failure prediction models was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index) and statistically significant differences (p-values) between the Kaplan–Meier curves of the two risk groups. The DD-based LT (DD-LT) model and the combined CT with DD-based RLT (CD-RLT) model showed statistically significant differences in the Kaplan–Meier curves. The C-indices were 0.74 for the DD-LT model and 0.64, the CD-RLT model. These models exhibited higher performance than the conventional approach. The proposed radiomics/dosiomics-based model may be more accurate in predicting treatment failure after chemoradiation in patients with PSCC.
Determinants of Health-related Quality of Life in Older People with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Fong Hugo Pak-Yiu , Choi Shirley Yue-Kwan , Leung Maria Kwan-Wa , Lo Hermione Hin-Man , Wang Bo , Wong Samuel Yeung-Shan , Sit Regina Wing-Shan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to identify the significant physical, psychological, and social determinants associated with EuroQuol-5D (EQ-5D) among Chinese older people with chronic musculoskeletal pain, and to evaluate how these determinants affected the five dimensions of EQ-5D.
Method
This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected through a cohort study involving 946 community-dwelling older people aged ≥ 60 with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Independent variables were categorized into physical, psychological, and social domains. Physical variables included age, sex, body-mass index (BMI), pain severity score, number of pain regions, the most painful site, and the number of comorbidities. Psychological variables included depression and anxiety level. Social variables included living, marital, and social welfare recipient’s status. The dependent variables comprised the index scores and the five dimensions of the EQ-5D descriptive system. Ordinal least squares (OLS) model and logistic regression model was used for data analysis.
Results
The mean age of the participants was 67.1 (SD = 5.1), with 77.6% being female. Higher pain severity scores (beta (β) coefficient =-0.044, P < 0.001), depression scores (β=-0.007, P < 0.001) and higher anxiety scores (β=-0.01, P < 0.001) were associated with lower EQ-5D index scores. Specifically, knee pain (β=-0.061, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with lower EQ-5D index scores. Participants with higher pain severity and depression scores were more likely to report problems in most EQ-5D dimensions. Participants with anxiety primarily faced challenges related to mood, and those with knee pain were more likely to have problems with mobility and daily activities.
Conclusion
Pain intensity, depression, anxiety, and knee pain were key determinants of reduced HRQoL in older Chinese people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Each of these determinants showed distinct associations with different dimensions of the EQ-5D, potentially informed resource allocation and the development of targeted interventions to improve the overall HRQoL of this specific population.
Dual T Cell Depletion for Graft versus Host Disease Prevention in Peripheral Blood Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adults with Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Viswabandya Auro , Alfaro-Moya Tommy , Salas Maria , Carreira Abel Santos , Atenafu Eshetu , Law Arjun , Lam Wilson , Pasic Ivan , Kim Dennis , Michelis Fotios , Gerbitz Armin , Lipton Jeffrey , Kumar Rajat , Mattsson Jonas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ideal immunosuppressive agents to complement post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in PBSC-based haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo-HCT)remain debated.
This study looks at our experience with ATG-PTCy-Cyclosporine (CsA) prophylaxis in PB haplo-HCT since 2015, aiming to provide updated insights into GVHD prevention. Between October 2015 and December 2021, 157 adults underwent haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) using a GVHD prophylaxis regimen comprising rabbit-ATG, PTCy, and CsA. Among these patients, 76.4% received a total ATG dose of 4.5 mg/kg, and 23.5% received 2 mg/kg. T-cell replete peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) grafts were infused on day 0. The study reported a median follow-up of 32 months for survivors.
The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV and grade III-IV acute GVHD at day +100 was 26.3% and 9.5%, respectively. Moderate/severe chronic GVHD at 1 year was 19.9%.
The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 49.4%, with a relapse-free survival (RFS) of 44.6%. In multivariate analysis, older patients, and those with high/very-high disease risk indices (DRI) were at higher risk for worse OS and higher non-relapse mortality (NRM).
The study confirms that using PTCy and ATG (4.5mg/kg), alongside CsA is safe and effective for preventing GVHD in peripheral blood haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haplo-HCT).
Equity in the recovery of elective and oncological surgery volumes after the COVID-19 lockdown: a multicentre cohort study in Italy
Authors: Chiara Di Girolamo , Roberta Onorati , Tania Landriscina , Roberto Gnavi , Giulia Cesaroni , Enrico Calandrini , Lucia Bisceglia , Caterina Fanizza , Spadea Teresa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and still has, a profound impact on national health systems, altering trajectories of care and exacerbating existing disparities in health. Postponement of surgeries and cancellation of elective surgical procedures have been reported worldwide. In Italy, the lock-down measures following the COVID-19 pandemic caused cancellations of surgical procedures and important backlogs; little is known about potential social inequalities in the recovery process that occurred during the post-lockdown period. This study aims at evaluating whether all population social strata benefited equally from the surgical volumes’ recovery in four large Italian regions.
Methods: This multicentre cohort study covers a population of approximately 11 million people. To assess if social inequalities exist in the recovery of eight indicators of elective and oncological surgery, we estimated Risk Ratios (RR) through Poisson models, comparing the incidence proportions of events recorded during COVID-19 (2020-21) with those in pre-pandemic years (2018-19) for each pandemic period and educational level.
Results: Compared to 2018-19, volumes of elective surgery showed a U-shape with the most significant drops during the second wave or the vaccination phase. The recovery was socially unequal. At the end of 2021, incidence proportions among highly educated people generally exceeded the expected ones; RRs were 1.31 (95%CI 1.21-1.42), 1.24 (95%CI 1.17-1.23), 1.17 (95%CI 1.08-1.26) for knee and hip replacement and prostatic surgery, respectively. Among low educated patients, RR remained always <1. Oncological surgery indicators showed a similar social gradient. Whereas volumes were preserved among the highly educated, the low educated were still lagging behind at the end of 2021.
Conclusions: Surgical procedures generally returned to pre-pandemic levels but the low educated experienced the slowest recovery. An equity-oriented appraisal of trends in healthcare provision should be included in pandemic preparedness plans, to ensure that social inequalities are promptly recognised and tackled.