bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency department visits for dog bite injuries in Missouri municipalities with and without Breed-Specific Legislation: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Wyker Brett , Gupta Maya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Breed-Specific Legislation is a type of law that bans or restricts ownership of specific dog breeds. Some local governments – including over seventy municipalities in the state of Missouri - have enacted Breed-Specific Legislation to prevent injuries from dog bites. Several studies from the peer-reviewed literature have found that aggressive behavior is not associated with any particular dog breeds and, since 2018, at least a dozen municipalities in Missouri have repealed these laws. To evaluate the impact of Breed-Specific Legislation on public safety, the 2010-2015 rates of emergency department visits for dog bite-related injuries in Missouri municipalities with and without Breed-Specific Legislation were compared. Propensity-score matched linear regression models were used to assess the effect of breed restrictions on injury rates while balancing the samples on population characteristics and estimates of dog ownership.
Findings
After matching the sample on population, housing and dog ownership estimates, no association was found between emergency department visits for dog bite injuries and whether the municipality enacted Breed-Specific Legislation. However, with every 1% increase in the population of males aged 5 to 9 the rate of emergency room visits for dog bite-related injuries increased by 6.36 visits per 100,000 residents (p<0.01.)
Conclusion
This study has found breed discriminatory laws have not reduced the risk of emergency department visits for injury from dog bites in Missouri. There appears to be no greater risk to public safety as local governments move to repeal existing breed bans.
June 2023 marine heatwave over the Northwest European shelf: origins, weather feedback and future recurrence
Authors: Berthou Ségolène , Renshaw Richard , Smyth Tim , Tinker Jonathan , Grist Jeremy , Wihsgott Juliane , Jones Sam , Inall Mark , Nolan Glenn , Arnold Alex , Castillo Juan Manuel , Blunn Lewis , Gomez Breogan , Leonhardt Vivian Fraser , Hirschi Joel J-M , Lewis Huw , Mahmood Sana , Worsford Mark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The Northwest European shelf (NWS) experienced its longest recorded category II marine heatwave (MHW) in June 2023 (16 days). Locally, it reached category IV north of Ireland (anomalies up to 5 °C). With state-of-the-art observation and modelling capabilities, we show the MHW developed quickly in the first half of June due to strong atmospheric forcing (high level of sunshine, weak winds and waves, tropical air) during neap tides. This shallow MHW then maintained itself by reducing cloud cover in persistent anticyclonic conditions, followed by another week of neap tides. The MHW impacted the weather of northern Europe with stronger, warmer and moister sea breezes generating more rainfall and contributing to the breaking of June mean temperature records. This MHW was additional to climatological sea surface temperatures +0.9 °C warmer over the last 20 years. These MHW temperatures are projected to become commonplace by the middle of the century under a high CO2 emission scenario.
Structural Basis of Directional Switching by the Bacterial Flagellum
Authors: Lea Susan , Johnson Steven , Deme Justin , Furlong Emily , Chevance Fabienne , Hughes Kelly , Caesar Joseph 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The bacterial flagellum is a macromolecular protein complex that harvests energy from ion-flow across the inner membrane to power bacterial swimming in viscous fluids via rotation of the flagellar filament. Bacteria such as Salmonella enterica are capable of bi-directional flagellar rotation even though ion flow is uni-directional. How uni-directional ion-movement through the inner membrane is utilized by this macromolecular machine to drive bi-directional flagellar rotation is not understood, but a chemotactic response regulator in the cytoplasm is known to reverse the direction of rotation. We here present cryo-EM structures of intact Salmonella flagellar basal bodies, including the cytoplasmic complexes required for power transmission, in conformations representing both directions of rotation. The structures reveal that the conformational changes required for switching the direction of rotation involve 180 degree rotations of both the N- and C-terminal domains of the FliG protein. Combining these models with a new, high-resolution, cryo-EM structure of the MotA5B2 stator, in complex with the C-terminal domain of FliG, reveals how uni-directional ion-flow across the inner membrane is used to accomplish bi-directional rotation of the flagellum.
Space-time autoregressive Hilbertian models andtheir application for wind speed
Authors: Hashemi Maryam , Zamani Atefeh , Nasirzadeh Roya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We propose a novel approach for space-time functional data analysis based on aspace-time autoregressive Hilbertian model. This model can capture the dynamicand spatial dependence of functional data over time and space. We provide suf-ﬁcient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the model and establish itsasymptotic properties, such as the strong law of large numbers and the centrallimit theorem. We also develop a consistent estimator for the model parametersand evaluate its performance through simulations and a real data example onwind speed data.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Positive psychology intervention to improve mental wellbeing among Bereaved Families
Authors: Aslam Mehreen , Tharani Ambreen , Parpio Yasmin Nadeem , Jan Rafat 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction One of the most traumatic experiences a person can have is losing a loved one, which may substantially affect their physical, socioeconomic, and emotional health. According to the World Health Organization (2017), approximately 300 million people are suffering from mental health problems due to traumatic experiences. Purpose: The current study will provide insight into how to improve the social, emotional, and psychological well-being of bereaved families, which will ultimately result in their mental well-being. The purpose of the current study is to determine whether six weeks of positive psychology intervention, comprising, mindfulness, spirituality, physical activity, happiness, gratitude, and social support can assist in enhancing mental health. Methods A quasi-experimental Study on the females of bereaved families (18 years and above, wife, mother, daughters, and sisters) living within premises of Karachi, (Sindh), Pakistan. The non-probability (consecutive sampling) will be used to select the study participants. The participants will be divided into two groups. Data will be collected from the wait list control group participants during the May 2023 –June 2023 baseline and only a booklet of self-care strategies will be given to all participants and post-intervention after 6 weeks (T2) and 12 weeks (T3) and they will receive intervention in 6 sessions after the completion of the study. From July 2023 – August 2013, data will be collected from the intervention group participants at (T1) pre-intervention then intervention will be given in 6 sessions, and then at the end of intervention (T2) 6 weeks and after 12th weeks (T3). The acceptability, and applicability of this intervention will also be assessed quantitatively via a questionnaire on a 1 to 4 Likert scale Dissemination The perceived stress of losing a loved one affects family members' health and well-being. The development of a positive psychology-based training module and testing its efficacy and feasibility to improve the mental well-being and life satisfaction of bereaved families. Moreover, opportunities to interact with people of the same background will enable women to develop coping strategies to deal with the stresses and enhance their subjective well-being. This study will considerably contribute to the global body of knowledge on the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions as a viable method for managing the psychological repercussions of sudden bereavement in low-resource settings Conclusions: Results will assist the work of researchers, clinicians, and policymakers to support the implementation of effective practices and improve the quality of services for bereaved families.
Dapagliflozin alleviates high-fat-induced obesity cardiomyopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Di , Shi Jiahao , Xuan Tianluo , Wang Yixuan , Wang Zilin , Xu Siwei , Jiang Shasha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dapagliflozin (Dapa), a selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, not only has a stable hypoglycemic function but also exerts a protective effect in cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate whether Dapa could effectively protect high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity-related cardiomyocytes and its mechanism. Rats were fed with a HFD for 16 weeks and the obesity cardiomyopathy was confirmed by testing of metabolic parameters. The results demonstrated that Dapa treatment led to more obvious weight loss and a lower Lee’s index. Furthermore, Dapa administration reduced the lipid levels, including total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and improved the insulin sensitivity/resistance index, whereas the blood pressure was not markedly different after Dapa intervention. Echocardiography and histological analysis revealed that Dapa could effectively alleviate obesity-induced the myofibrils dissolved, collagen deposition and mitochondrial damage, and finally improved the heart function and cardiac remodeling. The present study also emphasized the vital role of Dapa in the protection obesity-related cardiac dysfunction and cardiac remodeling by inhibiting ferroptosis. Dapa treatment ameliorated the ferroptosis-related changes by attenuating iron ion deposition and decreased over-activation of the key factors of ferroptosis, including glutathione peroxidase 4, solute carrier family 7 member 11, transferrin 1 and ferritin heavy chain 1, in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, Dapa exerted a direct protective effect against obesity cardiomyopathy by inhibiting ferroptosis.
ZNT1 involves cuproptosis through regulating MTF1-conduced expression of MT1X under copper overload
Authors: Wu Yue , Yang Tingyun , Yan Bo , Ai Youwei , Chen Fang , Ma Juan , Liu Sijin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Copper is an essential but also toxic heavy metal. As a crucial micronutrient, copper is required for various enzymes in physiology and pathology. Meanwhile, copper overload has currently raised serious public health concerns. Copper overload can perturb intracellular homeostasis and induce oxidative stress and even cell death. More recently, cuproptosis has been identified as a copper-dependent form of cell death induced by oxidative stress in mitochondria. This mitochondrial cell death is characterized by lipoylated protein aggregation and loss of iron-sulfur cluster proteins. However, the current comprehension of the mechanisms underlying copper toxicity remains relatively limited, particularly concerning the molecular regulatory mechanism against cuproptosis.
Methods
We constructed HeLa-Cas9-SLC31A1 cells for Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen to identify new components in the execution of cuproptosis. Also, we established single and double knock out models to examine the influence of candidate genes– zinc transporter 1 (ZNT1) and metal-response element-binding transcription factor-1 (MTF1) on the accumulation of cellular copper. Additionally, we performed metallothionein 1X (MT1X) overexpression and zinc/copper competitive combination experiments to explore their functions in cuproptosis. This regulatory effect was further verified in a mouse model with copper-dependent liver injury.
Results
We uncover here that ZNT1 is an important regulator involved in cuproptosis. Mechanistically, because zinc is a direct activator of MTF1, knockout of ZNT1 enhanced intracellular zinc levels and then promoted MT1X expression by strongly driving MTF1 transcription factor. As a consequence, the interaction between MT1X and copper was strengthened, reducing the flow of copper into mitochondria and eliminating mitochondria damages.
Conclusions
This study reveals the important role of ZNT1 in cuproptosis and shows MTF1-MT1X axis mediated resistance to cuproptosis. Moreover, our study will help to understand the regulatory mechanism of cellular and systemic copper homeostasis under copper overload, and present novel insights into novel treatments for damages caused by both genetic copper overload diseases and environmental copper contamination.
The site-city interaction effect on structural responses and its application to fragility analysis
Authors: Tian Yuan , Liu Simeng , Chen Siying , Gu Donglian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Seismic fragility analysis is a crucial tool for assessing the seismic performance of buildings. In areas with dense clusters of tall buildings, the significant site-city interaction (SCI) effect alters wave propagation mechanisms, influencing the seismic fragility of structures. However, utilizing the incremental dynamic analysis method directly to calculate the seismic fragility of buildings considering the SCI effect encounters two main challenges. Firstly, it is unclear how many seismic scenarios need to be analyzed to fully capture the distribution of the SCI effect on building responses. Secondly, reducing the computational workload arising from the SCI effect and incremental dynamic analysis is a pressing concern. To address these challenges, this study examines the Shanghai Central Business District as a case study and employs a nonlinear numerical coupling scheme to analyze the SCI effect on building responses under different seismic wave inputs. The study investigates the minimum number of selected input motions required to achieve different accuracy levels. According to the findings, a minimum of seven pairs of seismic wave inputs are suggested for the SCI effect analysis. Moreover, the analysis demonstrates that low-rise buildings exhibit significantly larger variations in SCI-induced response changes compared to tall buildings. Therefore, a seismic fragility analysis method considering the SCI effect is proposed for low-rise buildings. This method offers a substantial reduction in computational workload while accurately capturing the SCI effect on building responses.
Time, temperature and media: the three keys to improve the recovery of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis from preputial bull samples.
Authors: Polo Coral , Teresa García-Seco , Nerea García , Víctor Fernández , Briones Víctor , Alberto Díez-Guerrier , Álvarez Julio , Domínguez Lucas , Marta Pérez-Sancho 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The isolation of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) from clinical samples is the gold standard for confirming cases of bovine genital campylobacteriosis, an important cause of infertility in cattle and a potential public health concern. Furthermore, isolation is also necessary for the development of autologous vaccines, characterization of strains for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, etc. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of culture methods is usually low, and there is no standardized protocol to maximize the recovery of Cfv from clinical samples. The aim of the current study is to design a protocol for the culture of Cfv from preputial samples by evaluating the combination of different transport, enrichment and culture media considering the impact of certain factors (time between collection and enrichment, temperature, and use of filters). The use of modified Lander’s transport medium and storing the sample for 24h at 21 ± 2 ºC led to the highest recovery of Cfv CFUs. In contrast, the storage of the samples during 24–48 h in PBS and Thomann rarely allowed the recovery of Cfv regardless of the temperature. The enrichment medium yielding the best results was Preston (significantly higher recovery than Brucella medium), while Cfv could not be isolated with Bolton. Regarding our diagnostic assay (using Lander as transport medium and Preston as enrichment medium), the best protocol in terms of maximizing Cfv recovery as well as limiting contaminations is to culture the samples in i) solid media Preston or Skirrow, and ii) using 0.65 µm filters and incubating plates at 37 ºC in microaerophilic conditions.
Development, identification, and utilization of wheat–tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum4EL translocation lines resistant to stripe rust
Authors: Gong Biran , Chen Linfeng , Zhang Hao , Zhu Wei , Xu Lili , Cheng Yiran , Wang Yi , Zeng Jian , Fan Xing , Sha Lina , Zhang Haiqin , Chen Guoyue , Zhou Yonghong , kang Houyang , Wu Dandan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum is a valuable source of genes useful for improving the resistance of wheat to diseases such as stripe rust, powdery mildew, and Fusarium head blight. There is an urgent need for new tetraploid Th. elongatum disease resistance genes that can be transferred to wheat via alien translocation lines. We previously reported that chromosome 4E of the 4E (4D) substitution line carries all-stage stripe rust resistance genes. To optimize the utility of these genes in wheat breeding programs, we developed translocation lines by inducing chromosomal structural changes through 60Co-γ irradiation and developing monosomic substitution lines. In total, 53 plants with different 4E chromosomal structural changes were identified. Three homozygous translocation lines (T4DS·4EL, T5AL·4EL, and T3BL·4EL) and an addition translocation line (T5DS·4EL) were identified on the basis of GISH, FISH, FISH-painting, and wheat 55K SNP array analyses. These four translocation lines, which contained the chromosome 4EL, exhibited enhanced stripe rust resistance. Thus, the resistance gene (tentatively named Yr4EL) was localized to chromosome 4EL of tetraploid Th. elongatum. By examining the diploid Th. elongatum genome, 48 SSR markers specific to chromosome 4E were obtained, of which 32 co-segregated with chromosome 4EL. Furthermore, the 4DS·4EL translocation line had better agronomic traits than the wheat parents. After transferring Yr4EL into wheat cultivars SM482, CM42, and SM51, the derived progenies had diverse wheat genetic backgrounds, but they were all resistant to stripe rust and there were no yield penalties. These lines may be useful for breeding wheat varieties resistant to stripe rust.
Soil microbial community response to ectomycorrhizal dominance in diverse neotropical montane forests
Authors: Edwards Joseph D. , Krichels Alexander H. , Seyfried Georgia S. , Dalling James , Kent Angela D. , Yang Wendy H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (EM) associations can promote the dominance of tree species in otherwise diverse tropical forests. These EM associations between trees and their fungal mutualists have important consequences for soil organic matter cycling, yet the influence of these EM-associated effects on surrounding microbial communities is less well known. We examined fungal and bacterial/ archaeal community composition in surface soil samples from mixed arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) stands as well as stands dominated by EM-associated Oreomunnea mexicana in four adjacent watersheds varying in soil fertility in the Fortuna Forest Reserve, Panama. We hypothesized that EM-dominated stands would support distinct microbial community assemblages relative to the mixed AM-EM stands due to differences in carbon and nitrogen cycling associated with the dominance of EM trees. We expected this microbiome selection in EM-dominated stands would lead to lower overall microbial community diversity and heterogeneity, with tighter correspondence between fungal and bacterial/ archaeal communities. We measured fungal and bacterial/ archaeal community composition via high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the ITS2 (fungi) and 16S rRNA (bacteria/archaeal) gene regions. We analyzed differences in alpha and beta diversity between stand mycorrhizal types, as well as the relative abundance of fungal functional groups and various microbial taxa. We found that fungal and bacterial/ archaeal community composition differed based on stand mycorrhizal type. There was lower bacterial/ archaeal diversity and lower relative abundance of fungal saprotrophs and pathogens in EM-dominant than AM-EM mixed stands. However, contrary to our prediction, there was lower homogeneity for fungal communities in EM-dominated stands compared to mixed EM-AM stands. Overall, we demonstrate that EM-dominated tropical forest stands have distinct soil microbiomes relative to surrounding diverse forests, suggesting that EM fungi may filter microbial functional groups in ways that could potentially influence plant health or ecosystem function.
Constructing a Biosynthetic Pathway of Ginsenoside F1 to Achieve Its Synthesis in Tobacco
Authors: Chen Qin , Lei Jun , Li Xiaolei , Zhang Jinyu , Liu Diqiu , Cui Xiuming , Ge Feng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ginsenoside F1 has high medicinal values, which is a kind of rare triterpene saponin isolated from Panax plants. The extremely low content of ginsenoside F1 in herbs has limited its research and application in medical field. In this work, we constructed a pathway in tobacco for the biosynthesis of ginsenoside F1 by metabolic engineering. Four enzyme genes (PnDDS, CYP12H, CYP6H and UGT20) isolated from Panax notoginseng were introduced into tobacco. Thus, a biosynthetic pathway for ginsenoside F1 synthesis was artificially constructed in tobacco cells; moreover, the four exogenous genes could be expressed in the roots, stems and leaves of transgenic plants. Consequently, ginsenoside F1 and its precursors were successfully synthesized in the transgenic tobacco, compared with Panax plants, the content of ginsenoside F1 in transgenic tobacco was doubled. Based on these results, a new approach was established to produce rare ginsenoside F1; meanwhile, such strategy could also be employed in plant hosts for the heterologous synthesis of other important or rare natural products.
Development and identification of a novel wheat- Thinopyrum ponticum disomic substitution line DS5Ag(5D) with new genes conferring high resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , Jie Yize , Yan Linjie , Wang Mengmeng , Pang Yunfei , Ren Cuicui , Song Jie , Cheng Xiangdong , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Peipei , Yang Dongyan , Qi Zengjun , Ru Zhengang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Powdery mildew and leaf rust are wheat diseases against which Th. Ponticum contains genes that confer resistance. Here, an elite wheat-Th. ponticum disomic substitution line DS5Ag(5D), which confers high resistance to both diseases, was developed and characterized in the Bainong Aikang58 (AK58) background, using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), oligo-nucleotide probe multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular markers. There were 27 5Ag chromosome-specific molecular markers, of which 22 were co-dominant, confirming chromosome identification and SNP markers from the wheat 660 K SNP chip and providing molecular tools for tagging the alien chromosome. DS5Ag(5D) had higher resistance than its common wheat parents AK58 to powdery mildew throughout the growth period and leaf rust at the adult stage. Based on the resistance evaluation of DS5Ag(5D) and its parents, segregation analysis using five F5 populations with different sensitive wheat backgrounds showed that the resistance genes mapped to 5Ag confer stable effects on the two diseases in different backgrounds. Resistance spectrum analysis combined with diagnostic marker detection of known resistance genes of Th. ponticum revealed that 5Ag contained two novel genes, Pm5Ag and Lr5Ag, which conferred resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust, respectively. New elite germplasm and molecular markers for breeding wheat with powdery mildew and leaf rust resistance are provided in this study.