bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of E‐cadherin and p27 expression is associated with head and neck squamous tumorigenesis
Authors: Massarelli Erminia , Brown Erika , Tran Ngoc K. , Liu Diane D. , Izzo Julie G. , Lee J. Jack , El‐Naggar Adel K. , Hong Waun K. , Papadimitrakopoulou Vassiliki A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn neoplastic head and neck lesions, it has been found that the loss or reduction in E‐cadherin expression is a late event and is associated with invasion. Low p27 levels have been associated with a poor prognosis in many different tumors, including laryngeal carcinoma. The authors investigated p27 and E‐cadherin protein expression in the early stages of head and neck tumorigenesis and evaluated their predictive roles individually and in association with carcinogenesis.METHODSTissue biopsies from 46 patients who were participants in 3 chemoprevention trials were analyzed for E‐cadherin expression, and 40 samples were analyzed for p27 expression using immunohistochemistry.RESULTSThe data suggested that loss of both E‐cadherin expression and p27 expression occurred early during the preneoplastic steps of head and neck carcinogenesis, and loss of p27 protein expression alone (P = 0.02) and in combination with loss of E‐cadherin expression (P = 0.04) was a significant predictor of the risk for head and neck carcinoma.CONCLUSIONSThe loss of p27 expression may be useful in the construction of a risk model for head and neck carcinogenesis and may represent a potential target for chemopreventive interventions. Longer follow‐up of the high percentage of low‐risk preneoplastic lesions in the current study and validation in a larger sample size may be required to establish the predictive role of these abnormalities. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Perspectives for the management of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer in the 21st century
Authors: Sipsas Nikolaos V. , Bodey Gerald P. , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractOver the past several decades, there has been substantial progress in the management of patients with febrile neutropenia. However, the ever‐changing patterns of infection, ecology, and antibiotic‐resistance trends do not allow the development of treatment guidelines that could be applied universally. Hence, the institution's predominant pathogens and resistance patterns should guide the empirical choice of antimicrobials. Prompt initiation of antimicrobial therapy remains the gold standard. Monotherapy with the newer broad‐spectrum antimicrobials has tended to replace the classic combination therapy. Empirical administration of glycopeptides, such as vancomycin, without documentation of a gram‐positive infection is not favored. The development of risk‐stratification models has allowed for identification of low‐risk patients with additional treatment options, such as early discharge and exclusively outpatient treatment with oral antimicrobials. The initiation of empirical antifungal therapy in persistently febrile neutropenic patients has become common practice, especially recently, since the introduction of new, effective, less toxic antifungal drugs. It is hoped that the development of new nonculture‐based diagnostic methods will allow for the early detection of invasive fungal infections and, thus, the replacement of empirical antifungal therapy with pathogen‐specific, preemptive therapy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Combined chemotherapy with carmustine, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide plus mitoxantrone, cytarabine and methotrexate with citrovorum factor for the treatment of aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Rigacci Luigi , Carrai Valentina , Nassi Luca , Alterini Renato , Longo Giovanni , Bernardi Franco , Bosi Alberto 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe standard treatment for patients with aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP). Since 1989, the authors have used a new chemotherapy regimen with combined carmustine, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, and cyclophosphamide plus mitoxantrone, cytarabine and methotrexate with citrovorum factor called BAVEC‐MiMA. The objective of the current study was to explore, after a long follow‐up period, the impact of this third‐generation regimen for the treatment of aggressive NHL.METHODSOne hundred and one consecutive patients (median age, 41 years) with either B‐cell (n = 94 patients) or non‐B‐cell (n = 7 patients), aggressive lymphoma were diagnosed and treated between 1989 and 1999 with the BAVEC‐MiMA regimen.RESULTSThe complete response rate was 74%, and the overall response rate was 89%. Eleven patients with refractory disease died rapidly after a median period of 5 months. The major toxicity was Grade 4 neutropenia (according to World Health Organization criteria), which was observed in 15 patients (15%). There were four toxicity‐related deaths. The overall survival rate was 63% at 9 years. In multivariate analysis, factors that were associated with advantage in overall survival were response to induction therapy, bulky disease, and high score on the International Prognostic Index (IPI). The disease‐free survival rate was 77% at 9 years. In multivariate analysis, the IPI was the most important variable for the definition of disease‐free survival.CONCLUSIONSThe BAVEC‐MiMA regimen was feasible on an outpatient basis, it was tolerated well, and it showed a low toxicity‐related mortality. The long follow‐up in patients with NHL, which is a rapidly fatal disease, led the authors to observe that, with this regimen, a cure was obtained in > 50% of patients who had low‐risk or low‐to‐intermediate‐risk, aggressive NHL. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Is older age associated with a worse prognosis due to different patterns of care?
Authors: Lutterbach Johannes , Bartelt Susanne , Momm Felix , Becker Gerhild , Frommhold Hermann , Ostertag Christoph 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to find out whether the worse prognosis of older patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors can be explained by different patterns of care compared with younger patients.METHODSA data base that included 430 patients with glioblastomas and 916 patients with brain metastases who underwent radiotherapy at the author's hospital between 1980 and 2000 was analyzed. Patterns of care were compared for different age groups using the chi‐square test.RESULTSIn both patient groups, age turned out to be an independent risk factor. Older age was associated with worse overall survival. Independent of the cut‐off age (< 50 years vs. ≥ 50 years, < 60 years vs. ≥ 60 years, < 65 years vs. ≥ 65 years, and < 70 years vs. ≥ 70 years), there were no statistically significant differences between the age groups concerning the use of different imaging modalities (computed tomography scans vs. magnetic resonance imaging), type of surgery (none vs. biopsy vs. resection), waiting time for radiotherapy (< median vs. ≥ median), radiotherapy treatment planning (simulator‐based vs. computer‐based), use of radiation sources (cobalt unit vs. linear accelerator), and fractionation protocols (conventional vs. modified). When the recruitment period of 21 years was divided into 3 intervals, impressive changes with regard to the patterns of care became apparent. However, the changes were seen similarly throughout the different age groups.CONCLUSIONSOlder age did not limit access to state‐of‐the‐art patterns of care in neurooncology. Patients participated in medical progress irrespective of their age. The worse prognosis of older patients with glioblastomas or brain metastases was not determined by age‐related differences in access to health care. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Gaussian radial basis functions and the approximation of input–output maps
Authors: Sandberg Irwin W. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractRadial basis functions are of interest in connection with a variety of approximation problems in the neural networks area, and in other areas as well. Here we show that the members of some interesting families of shift‐varying input–output maps, that take a function space into a function space, can be uniformly approximated, over an infinite time or space domain, in a certain special way using Gaussian radial basis functions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical transient response of MOS current mirrors
Authors: Kayssi Ayman 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe analytical transient response of MOS current mirrors is derived for the case when the input current is a saturating ramp. The closed form solution obtained for the voltages and currents in the circuit is expressed using Airy's functions. The settling time is then calculated using the closed‐form current equation. For the case when the settling time is greater than the transition time of the input current, a closed form solution is obtained. When the settling time is less than the input transition time, a very simple fitting function is found to accurately model the dependence of the settling time on the various parameters in the circuit, including the transition time of the input current. Simulations show excellent agreement of the estimates of the settling time macromodel with LEVEL‐1 SPICE results. For LEVEL‐3 MOSFET models, the error in the macromodel is within 20% of detailed circuit simulation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and analysis of power‐CMOS‐gate‐based switched‐capacitor DC–DC converter with step‐down and step‐up modes
Authors: Chang Yuen‐Haw 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA unified multi‐stage power‐CMOS‐transmission‐gate‐based quasi‐switched‐capacitor (QSC) DC–DC converter is proposed to integrate both step‐down and step‐up modes all in one circuit configuration for low‐power applications. In this paper, by using power‐CMOS‐transmission‐gate as a bi‐directional switch, the various topologies for step‐down and step‐up modes can be integrated in the same circuit configuration, and the configuration does not require any inductive elements, so the IC fabrication is promising for realization. In addition, both large‐signal state‐space equation and small‐signal transfer function are derived by state‐space averaging technique, and expressed all in one unified formulation for both modes. Based on the unified model, it is all presented for control design and theoretical analysis, including steady‐state output and power, power efficiency, maximum voltage conversion ratio, maximum power efficiency, maximum output power, output voltage ripple percentage, capacitance selection, closed‐loop control and stability, etc. Finally, a multi‐stage QSC DC–DC converter with step‐down and step‐up modes is made in circuit layout by PSPICE tool, and some topics are discussed, including (1) voltage conversion, output ripple percentage, and power efficiency, (2) output robustness against source noises and (3) regulation capability of converter with loading variation. The simulated results are illustrated to show the efficacy of the unified configuration proposed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis, modelling and optimization of a gain boosted telescopic amplifier
Authors: Aloisi W. , Giustolisi G. , Palumbo G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a thorough analysis of a gain‐boosted telescopic amplifier (GBTA) is presented and a systematic design procedure for optimizing its time response will be given. Specifically, the GBTA closed‐loop time response will be analysed in detail and the constraints eliminating the well‐known ‘slow settling component’ found. Subsequently, an optimization strategy based on the comparison between the GBTA time response and the time response of a pure two‐pole amplifier (referred to as the target system) will be described. This strategy allows the designer to develop a GBTA starting from the target system specifications in a simple and systematic way. The proposed procedure has been validated by means of simulations and excellent agreement found between the simulated and the expected results. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling, design and realization of micromachined millimetre‐wave band‐pass filters
Authors: Bartolucci Giancarlo , Neculoiu Dan , Dragoman Mircea , Giacomozzi Flavio , Marcelli Romolo , Müller Alexandru 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper describes the design, the realization and the experimental characterization of a micromachined band‐pass filter with a working frequency of 38GHz. The synthesis of the structure has been carried out by means of the image parameter representation of two‐port networks. A coupled line coplanar configuration has been adopted for the filtering network. The good agreement between theoretical and experimental results demonstrates the validity of the proposed design approach. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First direct implementation of a true random source on programmable hardware
Authors: Callegari S. , Rovatti R. , Setti G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractTrue random sources are not implementable in digital hardware, so that many practical applications have historically relied on pseudo‐random generators in order to avoid the potentially long prototyping times and the costs of dedicated analog design. However, pseudo‐random sources have liabilities that make them hardly suitable for some tasks (notably security related ones). Previous attempts to conciliate security, cost‐effectiveness, and rapid development included the exploitation of the analog accessory parts often present on programmable devices. In these designs some analog blocks are used for their side effects (noise amplification) rather than for their originally intended behaviour. Conversely, here we report adirectimplementation of a true random source on programmable, low‐cost, general‐purpose hardware, where all blocks are used only for their nominal function. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first proposal of this sort. The design exploits an FPAA, and is based on a non‐linear system exhibiting chaotic behaviour. Measures confirm the correct operation, high throughput, and robustness of the system. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pixel‐level snakes on the CNNUM: algorithm design, on‐chip implementation and applications
Authors: Vilariño David L. , Rekeczky Csaba 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a new algorithm for the cellular active contour technique called pixel‐level snakes is proposed. The motivation is twofold: on the one hand, a higher efficiency and flexibility in the contour evolution towards the boundaries of interest are pursued. On the other hand, a higher performance and suitability for its hardware implementation onto a cellular neural network (CNN) chip‐set architecture are also required. Based on the analysis of previous schemes the contour evolution is improved and a new approach to manage the topological transformations is incorporated. Furthermore, new capabilities in the contour guiding are introduced by the incorporation of inflating/deflating terms based on the balloon forces for the parametric active contours. The entire algorithm has been implemented on a CNN universal machine (CNNUM) chip set architecture for which the results of the time performance measurements are also given. To illustrate the validity and efficiency of the new scheme several examples are discussed including real applications from medical imaging. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CNN‐based architecture for real‐time object‐oriented video coding applications
Authors: Grassi Giuseppe , Grieco Luigi A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a new CNN‐based architecture for real‐time video coding applications. The proposed approach, by exploiting object‐oriented CNN algorithms and MPEG encoding capabilities, enables low bit‐rate encoder/decoder to be designed. Simulation results using Claire video sequence show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Input and system identification of the Hualien soil–structure interaction system using earthquake response data
Authors: Choi Jun‐Seong , Lee Jong Seh , Yun Chung‐Bang 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThis paper presents an input and system identification technique for a soil–structure interaction system using earthquake response data. Identification is carried out on the Hualien large‐scale seismic test structure, which was built in Taiwan for international joint research. The identified quantities are the input ground acceleration as well as the shear wave velocities of the near‐field soil regions and Young's moduli of the shell sections of the structure. The earthquake response analysis on the soil–structure interaction system is carried out using the finite element method incorporating the infinite element formulation for the unbounded layered soil medium and the substructured wave input technique. The criterion function for the parameter estimation is constructed using the frequency response amplitude ratios of the earthquake responses measured at several points of the structure, so that the information on the input motion may be excluded. The constrained steepest descent method is employed to obtain the revised parameters. The simulated earthquake responses using the identified parameters and input ground motion show excellent agreement with the measured responses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive bang–bang control for the vibration control of structures under earthquakes
Authors: Lim C. W. , Chung T. Y. , Moon S. J. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractAn adaptive method based on the modified bang–bang control algorithm is proposed for the vibration control of structures subjected to unexpected severe seismic loads greater than the design loads. A hydraulic‐type active mass damper was made and experiments were carried out in the laboratory using a one‐story test structure and a five‐story test structure with the active mass damper. Through numerical simulations and experiments it was confirmed that the proposed method works well to suppress the vibration of structures subjected to unexpected severe seismic loads greater than the design loads without causing any unstable situations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyclic tests on large‐scale models of existing bridge piers with rectangular hollow cross‐section
Authors: Pinto A. V. , Molina J. , Tsionis G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractCyclic tests on two large‐scale models of existing bridge piers with rectangular hollow cross‐section were performed in the ELSA laboratory. The prototype structure is an existing reinforced concrete highway bridge constructed in Austria in 1975. The piers presented several seismic deficiencies and consequently they showed poor hysteretic behaviour and limited deformation capacity as well as undesirable failure modes that do not comply with the requirements of modern codes for seismic‐resistant structures. Experimental data are compared to numerical and empirical predictions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An improved capacity spectrum method for ATC‐40
Authors: Lin Yu‐Yuan , Chang Kuo‐Chun 
Published: January 2005

AbstractIn order to account for the non‐linear behavior of structures via non‐linear static procedure, the capacity spectrum method has been adopted by ATC‐40 for evaluation and retrofit of reinforced concrete buildings. For elastic‐perfectly‐plastic SDOF systems, the accuracy of the capacity spectrum method depends only on the acceleration response spectrum chosen to form the demand spectrum and the adopted model for calculating the equivalent viscous damping ratios. According to this method, the pseudo‐acceleration response spectrum (PSa) is used to create the demand diagram. It is found that the ATC‐40 procedure, using its Type A hysteretic model, may be inaccurate especially for systems with damping ratios greater than 10% and periods longer than 0.15sec. In order to improve the accuracy of the capacity spectrum method, this study proposes to use the real absolute acceleration response spectrum (S0.a) instead of the PSa to establish the demand diagram. The step‐by‐step procedure of the improved method and examples are implemented in this paper to illustrate the calculations of earthquake‐induced deformations. In addition, three selected models of equivalent viscous damping are also compared in this paper to assess the accuracy of the model used in the ATC‐40 procedure. Results show that the WJE damping model may be used by the capacity spectrum method to reasonably predict the inelastic displacements when the ductility demand (μ) of the structures is less than 4, whereas the damping model proposed by Kowalsky can be implemented when μ>4.0. Alternatively, the damping model proposed by Kowalsky may be used to calculate the equivalent viscous damping for the entire range of ductility. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seismic collapse analysis of reinforced concrete framed structures using the finite element method
Authors: Isobe Daigoro , Tsuda Michihiro 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA new finite element code using the Adaptively Shifted Integration (ASI) technique with a linear Timoshenko beam element is applied to the seismic collapse analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures. This technique can express member fracture as a plastic hinge located at either end of an element with simultaneous release of the resultant forces in the element. Contact between members is also considered in order to obtain results that agree more closely with actual behavior, such as intermediate‐layer failure. By using the proposed code, sufficiently reliable solutions have been obtained, and the results reveal that this code can be used in the numerical estimation of the seismic design of RC framed structures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical study of the seismic behaviour of a part of the Parthenon Pronaos
Authors: Psycharis I. N. , Lemos J. V. , Papastamatiou D. Y. , Zambas C. , Papantonopoulos C. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA numerical study of the seismic behaviour of a proposed restoration of the Parthenon Pronaos is presented. The column‐architrave classical structure was represented by a discrete element model, with the assumption of rigid blocks and frictional joints. Time domain analyses were performed, considering the geometric and material non‐linear behaviour at the joints. The deformation and failure modes of drum columns subject to seismic excitations of various types and intensities were analysed. The adverse influence of drum imperfections on structural safety was examined. A proposal of reinforcement with titanium connections was analysed, and it was found that architrave connections generally improve the response by decreasing the permanent displacements, while titanium dowels between the column drums do not improve significantly the behaviour and in some cases they may be unfavourable to the safety of the structure. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.