bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and Validation of a High-performance Liquid Chromatography Technique for Quantifying Dalbavancin in Injectable Formulations
Authors: Harshita D. , Srinivas Medidi , Kumari B. Udaya , Sumalatha Ch , Umadevi R. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
A simple and sensitive analytical method was developed to estimate dalbavancin, anti-biotic drug in injectable formulations.

Materials and Methods:
Separation of analyte was attained on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm particle size) using potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate pH 3.0 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid: acetonitrile: methanol (70:20:10 % v/v/v) as mobile phase pumped at 1.0 mL/min. A UV detector was used for effluent detection at a wavelength of 288 nm.

Results:
The retention time for Dalbavancin was determined to be 3.96 minutes. The drug exhibited linearity within the concentration range of 20–100 μg/mL. The accuracy of the method was considered satisfactory and the mean recovery percentage is found to be in the acceptable range of 98.74-101.02 %.

Conclusion:
The RP-HPLC method was successfully developed, validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method was simple, precise, sensitive, rapid, robust for the estimation of dalbavancin in injectable formulations.
The Frequency of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-infections among Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients and their Impact on Management
Authors: Osman Fatin Ibrahim , Kheir Musa M. , Hamid Yassen , Khalid Sufian , Elamin Mohamed Osman , Khan Wahaj A. , Badri Hatim Matooq , Osman Ahmed A. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) represent significant public health problems and affect around 300 million people globally. Co-infection of HBV and HCV among patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) increased the risk of hepatotoxicity during treatment with sodium stibogluconate (SSG). Leishmania/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection is emerging as a new clinical form of leishmaniasis.

Objective:
We aimed to determine the frequency of HBV, HCV, and HIV co-infections among VL patients and the impact on their management.

Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study conducted during the period March–May 2021 and included 100 participants.

Results:
More than two-thirds of the participants (71%) were males while the rest were females (29%), with a mean age of 31.32 years. Patients who were HIV positive 9% and 7% were HBV positive, while only 2% were HCV positive. Patients who received the first line of treatment (sodium stibogluconate) were 71% while 29% received the second line of treatment (amphotericin B).

Conclusion:
Improvement of screening and early detection of viral hepatitis/HIV co-infections with VL may provide effective preventive measures and affect the management options according to the updated protocol.
A Survey Study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward Self-medication Practice with Over-the-counter Drugs among Under Graduate Dental Students
Authors: Brahmbhatt Shruti Vihang , Dave Vidhi Deepak 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Self-medication practice is very common, especially after the coronavirus disease 2019 period. Self-medication among future health-care professionals can cause serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) as well as antimicrobial resistance that can lead to potential damage to our health-care system. There has been a drastic inclination among medical and dental students and practitioners toward self-medication with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. OTC medicines or nonprescription drugs are the group that can be purchased without a legible prescription from a registered medical practitioner and are safe as well as effective also.

Aim:
The aim of our study was to know about self-medication practice with OTC drugs among undergraduate dental students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among all the dental undergraduate students of K. M. Shah Dental college, Piparia, from December 2022 to March 2023. The study was initiated only after getting approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. A prevalidated questionnaire was given to the students, and responses were obtained. The collected data were subjected to percentage analysis.

Results:
The prevalence of self-medication practice among dental undergraduates from our study was found to be in 104 (67.1%) out of 155 students who enrolled in the study. The most common reason for self-medication was prior knowledge about drugs 88 (58.3%) and the most common drugs used were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 93.5%. Among the 155 participants, 110 (71%) mentioned that they got cured after self-medicating themselves with OTC drugs and 18 (11.6%) participants encountered adverse reactions.

Conclusion:
Self-medication was commonly practiced by dental students who were enrolled in our survey study. Self-medication should be considered an emerging problem, especially among undergraduate dental/medical students because they do not have enough significant knowledge about drugs, dose regime, duration of treatment, and their possible ADRs.
The hematological parameters in children with scorpion sting
Authors: Gamal Yasser , Abd ElRaouf Sarah O. M. , Mohamed Sherif A. A. , Eltayeb Azza A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Scorpion stings are common emergency events in Upper Egypt, with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the hematological parameter and their relation to the severity of envenomation in children presenting with scorpion stings.

Methods
The current study is an observational hospital-based case-control study that was carried out at the Emergency and Intensive Care Units, from January 2022 to December 2022. The hematological parameters were compared between these cases and those of controls.

Results
The study included 42 cases and 42 controls. The studied cases and those with moderate/severe envenomation had significantly higher total leucocyte count, absolute neutrophilic count (ANC), platelets count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), d-dimer, and international normalized ratio (INR), compared with controls and those with mild envenomation, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that younger aged patients were more likely to suffer from severe scorpion envenomation compared with older aged ones (OR = 0.572, 95% confidence interval 0.356–0.919, P = 0.021), and patients with white blood cell (WBC) count greater than or equal to 11.6 were 7 times more likely to suffer from severe scorpion envenomation compared with those with WBC count less than 11.6 (OR = 75.607, 95% CI: 4.935–1158.258, P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Scorpion envenomation can cause many alterations in hematological parameters and platelet indices of affected victims. The use of these parameters to predict the severity of scorpion envenomation is simple, cheap, and easily applicable. Younger age and higher WBC count (≥11.6) were significantly independent predictors of severe envenomation. Further studies are warranted.
Cognitive, sleep, and neurophysiological markers among suicidal depressed patients
Authors: Hassan Wageeh A.-E. , Abd-ElAal Mohamed F. , Hamdy Waleed A. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Depressive disorders are associated with the highest probability of suicide. Different cognitive factors raise the probability of suicide. Sleep disorders are closely related to depression and may play a role in suicide.

Aims
Evaluation of whether suicidal depressed patients reveals distinct signs of cognitive, sleep, and neurophysiologic damage compared with depressed people who are not suicidal.

Settings and design
A case–control study involving suicidal depressed patients and non-suicidal in comparison to the control group.

Patients and methods
A random collection of 120 participants, who were divided into three groups at a ratio of 1:1:1 to be subjected to structured clinical interview for DSM-5(SCID-I), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Standard Electroencephalogram (EEG).

Statistical analysis
SPSS, version 22, for analysis of data.

Results
Cognitive impairment, especially attention, language, visuospatial, naming, abstract thinking, and sleep disorders were significantly higher in suicidal depressed patients than in non-suicidal depressed patients and control. EEG shows no significant difference among the groups.

Conclusion
Suicidal depressed patients had significant impairment in different cognitive domains and sleep but no significant difference in EEG compared with non-suicidal depressed patients or control.
Long-term follow up of left ventricular remodeling in ST segment myocardial infarction patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Adly Yara A. , Taher Hamdy S.-E.M. , Youssef Amr A.A. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction
The adaptive reaction known as left ventricular remodeling after ST-elevation myocardial infraction (STEMI) involves both the infarct zone and remote zones, and it lasts for at least 2 years after STEMI. In STEMI patients having primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), this study was conducted to look at long-term consequences of left ventricular remodeling.

Patients and methods
Ninety-three patients were successfully treated by primary PCI more than 2 years ago at Assiut University Heart Hospital were enrolled in this study. Detailed history, complete general examination and local cardiac examination were done. Electrocardiography, two-dimensional echocardiography before primary PCI, at discharge and 6 months after PPCI, coronary angiographic and PPCI data from patient admission sheet. Patients were examined by transthoracic 2DE using Phillips ie33 ultrasound system device.

Results
Thirty-six (38.7%) patients were determined to have left ventricular remodeling when their left ventricular end diastolic volume index increased by more than 20%, compared with 57 (61.3%) patients who did not. Mean age of patients 56.31 ± 11.11 years and mean overall duration of follow up was 3.69 ± 0.45 years. The long-term predictors of left ventricular remodeling were: extensive anterior MI (P < 0.001), left anterior descending as infarct-related artery (P = 0.03), left ventricular end systolic volume index (P = 0.04) and wall motion index (P < 0.001).

Discussion
Patients who had extensive anterior MI, a wall motion score index more than 1.5, and left anterior descending as infarct-related artery were seen as having a high probability of LV remodeling following PPCI. Only wall motion score index more than 1.5 and extensive anterior MI were independent indicators of LV remodeling following PPCI.
Prevalence and factors affecting cancer medication nonadherence among patients on chemotherapy
Authors: Thakur J. S. , Kaur Rajbir , Rana Anjali , Malhotra Samir , Kapoor Rakesh , Malhotra Pankaj 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Adherence to cancer medication varies universally with compliance ranging from 70% to 80%. One of the main reasons cited is the cost of anticancer drugs which many may not be able to bear, and yet the cancer with extensive need of aggressive treatment affects the economic condition of people. Inequitable distribution of disease and service utilization poses the threat of an increase in cancer-related deaths due to poor treatment adherence. The suggested systematic review will assess the cancer medication nonadherence prevalence in cancer patients and identify cost-related, sociodemographic, comorbid conditions, and disease-specific aspects of medication nonadherence.

Methodology:
Eligibility criteria include any cancer patient on oral or intravenous chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy or surgical intervention. Electronic databases will be searched using predefined search terms to identify relevant studies. Observational, experimental, and qualitative studies (if available) will be included. Methodological quality of included studies will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool by Pace et al. Data synthesis will be done following a predesigned data extraction template, answering the research question. Quality of evidence for an association will be evaluated as per the GRADE system. Meta-analysis will be performed to quantify the association between multiple characteristics and nonadherence, if there is no data heterogeneity (tested using I
2 test of heterogeneity). If applicable, meta-regression will be performed to address confounders.

Conclusion:
The authors have clearly described the methodology and intended outcomes. The findings will help in understanding the potential barriers to successful chemotherapy compliance among cancer patients.
Systematic review on school health program and health-promoting schools in Southeast Asian region countries
Authors: Thakur J. S. , Kaur Rajbir , Rana Anjali , Paika Ronika , Singh Sukriti , Malhotra Samir 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Studying the process and impact of interventions like Health Promoting Schools (HPS) is important for sustenance and policy changes. This calls for gathering evidence on the current status of school health programs at a larger level so as to identify barriers and opportunities to strengthen their implementation.

Methodology:
Systematic research using selected databases led to identification of 18 eligible studies (from 1979 to 2019).

Results:
The studies were from India (n = 12), Indonesia (n = 3), Thailand (n = 2), and Nepal (n = 1). Collectively, studies have assessed health services under domains of health education (n = 2), health services (n = 3), nutrition services (n = 6), healthy school environment (n = 4), disease control and prevention (n = 6), school and community collaboration (n = 5), risk factor management (n = 6), life skills education, mental health and well-being (n = 7), and health promotion for school staff (n = 1). Health promotion services provided under similar domains were not similar kind in all studies. Five studies reported student, teacher, administration, and parental level facilitators and barriers to service provision under school health/health-promoting interventions/programs. Lack of time, overburdening, poor support by parents, unhealthy behavior in schools, etc., were some of the barriers. Cooperation by stakeholders and behavior reinforcement and parental trust in school activities reflected potential facilitators.

Conclusion:
Implementation of global standards of health-promoting schools (HPSs) is variable. Service provision is not essentially under the school health program and is mostly restricted to school children only. The study can serve as baseline for the implementation of standards in Southeast Asian Region countries. Countries should build on this information.

Recommendations:
Policies may be framed to include global standards of HPSs, understanding that little change can bring about a larger impact.
Frequency of physical activity and blood pressure levels among persons with type 2 diabetes at a public health center in Southwest Trinidad
Authors: Dharamraj Kavita 
Published: January 2024

Aim:
To determine the association between the frequency of physical activity and blood pressure (BP) levels among persons with type 2 diabetes at a public health center in Southwest Trinidad.

Settings and Design:
In 2011, the Penal Health Center, Diabetes Patient Self-Care Study enrolled 523 persons with type 2 diabetes in routine care in Southwest Trinidad aiming to obtain information on health status including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The study was cross-sectional and included both males and females aged 25–87 years, having the exposure – physical activity and the outcome – BP levels.

Subjects and Methods:
Adults with type 2 diabetes aged 25–87 years with available information on physical activity and BP (n = 469). The main outcomes measures were systolic and diastolic BP (DBP) levels. Linear regression models examined the association between the frequency of physical activity (infrequent: <3x/week or frequent: ≥3x/week) and systolic BP (SBP)/DBP adjusting for potential confounders. Episodes of physical activity were defined as continuous physical activity, averaging ≥ 20 min/episode/week.

Results:
BP among hypertensive participants who exercise ≥ 3x/week was 5.3 mmHg lower than those who exercise <3x/week (Unadjusted β = −5.3, [95% confidence interval (CI) −10.0, −0.6], P = 0.026). DBP among hypertensive participants who exercise ≥3x/week was 0.4 mmHg lower than those who exercise <3x/week (Model 2: Adjusted β = −0.4, [95% CI – −3.5, 2.8], P = 0.818).

Conclusion:
Our findings may suggest an association between the frequency of physical inactivity and SBP levels in persons with type 2 diabetes.
Predictors of hypertension among pregnant and nonpregnant Indian women
Authors: Dharmaraj Aravind , Ghimire Ananta , Chinnaiyan Saravanan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Hypertension (HTN) is emerging as a leading cause of many noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Our analysis estimates the proportion of women aged 15–49 years with HTN for nonpregnant and pregnant women in India and its associated sociodemographic women and dietary/behavioral factors.

Methods:
National cross-sectional data from the National Family Health Survey-4, conducted between 2015 and 2016, were used. The primary outcome of the analysis was HTN. HTN was defined as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg.

Results:
We estimated the proportion of women with HTN and used multivariable logistic regression to explore associated factors. Nationally, 16.89% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 16.72–17.06) and 11.39% (95% CI = 10.93–11.87) of nonpregnant and pregnant women had HTN. Nonpregnant and pregnant women who consume milk or curd weekly and occasionally were associated with lower odds of being HTN compared to daily eaters. Nonpregnant women who consume green leafy occasionally (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84–0.98) had lower odds of being HTN. Pregnant women who consume pulses or beans occasionally (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.06–1.84) had higher odds of being HTN compared to daily eaters.

Conclusion:
We conclude both nonpregnant and pregnant women who consume milk or curd weekly and occasionally are less likely to have HTN. However, proper dietary food strategies are needed. Our findings suggest that there is a need to evaluate interventions targeted to study an appropriate diet to control HTN in India.
Analysis of the potential biological value of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit β in human cancer
Authors: Rong Yao , Liu Song-Hua , Tang Ming-Zheng , Wu Zhi-Hang , Ma Guo-Rong , Li Xiao-Feng , Cai Hui 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
The pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit β (PDHB) gene which regulates energy metabolism is located in mitochondria. However, few studies have elucidated the role and mechanism of PDHB in different cancers.
AIM
To comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PDHB was performed based on bioinformatics approaches to explore its tumor diagnostic and prognostic value and tumor immune relevance in cancer. In vitro experiments were performed to examine the biological regulation of PDHB in liver cancer.
METHODS
Pan-cancer data related to PDHB were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Analysis of the gene expression profiles of PDHB was based on TCGA and Genotype Tissue Expression Dataset databases. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier methods were used to assess the correlation between PDHB expression and survival prognosis in cancer patients. The correlation between PDHB and receiver operating characteristic diagnostic curve, clinicopathological staging, somatic mutation, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), DNA methylation, and drug susceptibility in pan-cancer was also analyzed. Various algorithms were used to analyze the correlation between PDHB and immune cell infiltration and tumor chemotaxis environment, as well as the co-expression analysis of PDHB and immune checkpoint (ICP) genes. The expression and functional phenotype of PDHB in single tumor cells were studied by single-cell sequencing, and the functional enrichment analysis of PDHB-related genes was performed. The study also validated the level of mRNA or protein expression of PDHB in several cancers. Finally, in vitro experiments verified the regulatory effect of PDHB on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer.
RESULTS
PDHB was significantly and differently expressed in most cancers. PDHB was significantly associated with prognosis in patients with a wide range of cancers, including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, breast invasive carcinoma, and brain lower grade glioma. In some cancers, PDHB expression was clearly associated with gene mutations, clinicopathological stages, and expression of TMB, MSI, and ICP genes. The expression of PDHB was closely related to the infiltration of multiple immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the regulation of tumor chemotaxis environment. In addition, single-cell sequencing results showed that PDHB correlated with different biological phenotypes of multiple cancer single cells. This study further demonstrated that down-regulation of PDHB expression inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion functions of hepatoma cells.
CONCLUSION
As a member of pan-cancer, PDHB may be a novel cancer marker with potential value in diagnosing cancer, predicting prognosis, and in targeted therapy.
Karakteristik Produksi Bandikut (Echymipera kalubu) di Kampung Nuni Distrik Pantura Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Pawere Frandz Rumbiak , Dwi Nurhayati  
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The characteristics of bandicoot (E. kalubu) production can be used as a standard for assessing bandikut productivity. Where body measurements can provide an overview of the exterior of the bandicoot which can be used to predict the live and carcass weight of the bandicoot. The purpose of this study was to develop bandicoot as hopeful animals in meeting the animal protein needs of the Papuan people. The method used in this research is descriptive method with case study technique. The case is the E.kalubu in Nuni Village. The sampling technique was random as many as 30 individuals for production characteristics. The results of this study were that there were 4 variables that could be used as estimators of body weight and carcass of male bandicoot kalubu, namely heart girt, hind leg length, body length, and canone bone with a coefficient of determination for body weight of 0.937 and carcass weight of 0.931. The best predictor variable for body weight and carcass was body length.
Keywords: Bandicoot; Characteristic; Kalubu; Production

Abstrak
Karakteristik produksi bandikut bisa dijadikan standar untuk menilai produktivitas bandikut. Dimana ukuran-ukuran tubuh dapat memberikan gambaran eksterior bandikut yang bisa digunakan untuk memprediksi bobot hidup dan bobot karkas bandikut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk pengembangan bandikut sebagai hewan harapan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan protein hewani masyarakat Papua. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Yang menjadi kasus adalah bandikut (E.kalubu) yang ada di Kampung Nuni. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak sebanyak 30 ekor untuk karakteristik produksi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat 4 variabel yang dapat digunakan sebagai penduga bobot badan dan karkas bandikut kalubu jantan yaitu lingkar dada, panjang kaki belakang, panjang badan, dan canone bone dengan koefisien determinasi untuk bobot badan sebesar 0,937 dan bobot karkas sebesar 0,931. Variabel penduga bobot badan dan karkas terbaik adalah panjang badan.
Kata kunci: Bandikut; Karakteristik; Kalubu; Produksi