bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of volatile components isolated from Hawaiian green coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Lee Kwang‐Geun , Shibamoto Takayuki 
Published: September 2002

AbstractVolatile components isolated from Hawaiian green coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.) were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The mass of total volatile components recovered from 200 g C. arabica beans was 2.7 ± 0.3 mg. The volatile components identified in this extract were: ten alcohols, four aldehydes, one ketone, one lactone, three heterocyclic compounds, two hydrocarbons, and two miscellaneous compounds. The major constituents were 3‐methyl butanoic acid (32.8%), phenyl ethyl alcohol (17.3%), hexanol (7.2%), 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylacetophenone (3.7%), and 3‐methyl butanol (3.6%). Heterocyclic compounds, important components in providing coffee with their characteristic flavours, were not found in the extract from green coffee beans, except for 2‐methoxy‐3‐(2‐methylpropyl)‐pyrazine. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and CO2 extracts of the oriental tobacco, Prilep
Authors: Palic Radosav , Stojanovic Gordana , Alagic Sladjana , Nikolic Mira , Lepojevic Zika 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA study of the chemical composition of essential oil and CO2 extracts of the middle and upper leaf positions of the oriental tobacco Prilep was performed using GC and GC–MS. The major constituents were: in the essential oil, neophytadiene and solanone; in CO2 extract I, neophytadiene; and in CO2 extract II, nicotine, nonacosane and solanesol. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and CO2 extracts were investigated against the microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that oil from the middle leaves showed greater activity than the oil of the upper leaves. Both leaf oils mainly showed greater activity than CO2 extracts. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fragrance: emerging health and environmental concerns
Authors: Bridges Betty 
Published: September 2002

AbstractProducts containing scent are a part of daily life. The majority of cosmetics, toiletries, household and laundry products contain fragrance. In addition, there is exposure to fragrance from products that are used to scent the air, such as air fresheners and fragranced candles. In spite of this widespread use and exposure, there is little information available on the materials used in fragrance. Fragrance formulas are considered trade secrets and components that make up the fragrance portion of the product are not revealed on labels. Fragrance is increasingly cited as a trigger in health conditions such as asthma, allergies and migraine headaches. In addition, some fragrance materials have been found to accumulate in adipose tissue and are present in breast milk. Other materials are suspected of being hormone disruptors. The implications are not fully known, as there has been little evaluation of systemic effects. There are environmental concerns as well, as fragrances are volatile compounds, which add to both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Synthetic musk compounds are persistent in the environment and contaminate waterways and aquatic wildlife. At present there is little governmental regulation of fragrance. The fragrance industry has in place a system of self‐regulation. However, the present system has failed to address many of the emerging concerns. Industry needs to responsibly address concerns and ensure that scented products are safe for users, those inadvertently exposed and the environment. It is essential that an industry that is, and wishes to continue to be, self‐regulated should identify and address concerns in a forthright and responsible manner. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical constituents of the essential oils of Goniothalamus malayanus Hook. f. and Thoms.
Authors: bin Jantan Ibrahim , bin Ahmad Fasihuddin 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe chemical composition of the leaf, bark and root oils of Goniothalamus malayanus Hook. f. and Thoms. was examined by capillary GC and GC–MS. The leaf oil was made up mainly of sesquiterpenoids, of which β‐selinene (33.6%) was the dominant component. The other major compounds present were viridiflorol (13.1%), epi‐globulol (7.7%), (E)‐nerolidol (4.4%) and globulol (3.8%). The bark and root oils, which were qualitatively similar but with some variation in levels of the individual constituents, were also rich in sesquiterpenoids (97% and 95%, respectively), with eudesmols as the most abundant compounds. The bark oil contained a higher amount of β‐eudesmol (32.2%), γ‐eudesmol (21.8%) and α‐eudesmol (6.6%) than the root oil. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extraction of aroma components to quantify overall sensory character in a processed blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) concentrate
Authors: Boccorh Raymond K. , Paterson Alistair , Piggott John R. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractQuantification by chromatography of overall aroma character in fruit concentrates is not straightforward. Of paramount importance is that chromatographic extracts should have a sensory character similar to the original concentrate. Concentration strategies in a blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) thermal evaporative concentrate were studied, combining sensory and gas chromatographic analyses. Aroma components were concentrated either by liquid–liquid extraction or adsorption to five sorbent extraction matrices, varying in bonded phase and eluted with solvent mixtures of different polarities. Sensory and chromatographic analyses showed that sorbent extracts varied markedly in composition as a function of eluant polarity. Choice of bonded phase had limited influence. Gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O) showed that, although aroma components in sorbent extracts varied, aroma notes of flavour components could be related to original concentrate character. This was not the case with liquid–liquid extracts. Sorbent extracts, retaining the sensory character of original juice concentrates, facilitate the study of quantitative relationships between sensory character and chromatographic data in fruit products. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential oils from some Myrceugenia species (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Limberger Renata P. , Simões‐Pires Cláudia A. , Sobral Marcos , Menu Chantal , Bessiere Jean‐Marie , Henriques Amélia T. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEssential oils from Myrceugenia euosma, M. foveolata, M. pilotantha, M. myrtoides and M. oxysepala, collected in Southern Brazil, were analysed by GC and GC–MS. Seventy compounds were identified, representing 86–99% of the oil content of the investigated species. The oils from M. foveolata, M. pilotantha and M. myrtoides were characterized by cyclic sesquiterpenes (67–90%), mainly those from the germacrene cyclization pathway. M. foveolata showed a predominance of globulol (21.3%) and epi‐globulol (17.8%), while in the oils from M. pilotantha and M. myrtoides, spathulenol (18.7% and 23.8%, respectively) was the most representative. The oil from M. oxysepala and M. euosma were found to be quite distinct from the other species. The oil of M. eousma showed a predominance of nerolidol (46.7%) and epi‐globulol (33.4%), and that of M. oxysepala was made up mainly by oxygenated compounds (80.4%), being 29% terpenes and 51.4% aliphatic compounds, such as aldehydes (nonadecanal, 20.6%; dodecanal, 6.8%); methyl‐ketones (2‐tridecanone, 5.0%) and alcohols (n‐undecanol, 4.5%). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The essential oils of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and its natural hybrid (clone 583) from Morocco
Authors: Farah Abdellah , Fechtal Mohamed , Chaouch Abdelaziz , Zrira Saadia 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this work, the essential oils of a natural E. camaldulensis (clone 583) hybrid were studied. Yield (ml/100 g dry weight) production was determined. This is higher than the parental species (E. camaldulensis), which has 0.79% of essential oils vs. 0.90% for the hybrid species. About 40 components were detected by chromatography analysis. Hybrid essential oils are richer in 1,8‐cineole (84.92%) than the parental species (42.35%). The α‐pinene content of the hybrid is inferior to that of parental species (2.5% vs. 28.30% for E. camaldulensis). Use of the crystallization method allowed us to obtain approximately 75% of essential oils, with about 95% of 1,8‐cineole. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition of the essential oils of Annona cuneata L. and Annona senegalensis Pers. stem barks
Authors: Khallouki Farid , Younos Chafique , Soulimani Rachid , Bessière Jean Marie 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe composition of the essential oils of the Annona senegalensis Pers. and Annona cuneata L. (Annonaceae) stem barks is reported. GC and GC–MS analyses showed p‐cymene (36.0%) as the most abundant component of A. senegalensis, whilst sabinene (39.9%) was the main component of A. cuneata. α‐and β‐Pinene, (5.1% and 9.2%), β‐phellandrene (4.9%), limonene (5.8%) and germacrene D (9.0%), were the major constituents of A. cuneata; those of A. senegalensis stem bark oil were α‐phellandrene (25.0%), α‐pinene (8.3%), Z‐sabinol (6.9%) and limonene (4.8%). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volatile constituents of star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) from Cuba
Authors: Pino Jorge , Marbot Rolando , Rosado Aristides 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe volatile constituents of the star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) growing in Cuba were analysed by GC–MS. One hundred and four compounds were identified in the aroma concentrate, of which (E)‐2‐hexenal, 1‐hexanol, limonene, linalool, α‐copaene and hexadecanoic acid were found to be the major constituents. The presence of many terpenic compounds is thought to contribute to the unique flavour of the star apple fruit. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of essential oil composition of Iranian fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and hydrodistillation methods
Authors: Yamini Y. , Sefidkon F. , Pourmortazavi S. M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractEssential oil of fennel cultivated in Iran was obtained by hydrodistillation and supercritical (CO2) extraction (SFE) methods. The oils were analysed by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. The compounds were identified according to their retention indices and mass spectra (EI, 70 eV). The effects of different parameters, such as pressure, temperature, modifier volume and extraction time, on the supercritical fluid extraction of fennel oil were investigated. The results showed that, under pressure of 350 atm, temperature 55 °C, methanol 5% and dynamic extraction time of 45 min, extraction was more selective for the extraction of (E)‐anethol. Sixteen compounds were identified in the hydrodistilled oil. However, by using supercritical carbon dioxide in optimum conditions, only nine components represented more than 99% of the oil. The results showed that, in Iranian fennel oil, (E)‐anethol is a major component. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
V. K. Raina, R. K. Lal, Savita Tripathi, M. Khan, K. V. Syamasundar and S. K. Srivastava, ‘Essential oil composition of genetically diverse stocks of Murraya koenigii from India’. Flavour and Fragrance Journal17(2) 2002, 144–146
Authors: Raina V. K. , Lal R. K. , Tripathi Savita , Khan M. , Syamasundar K. V. , Srivastava S. K. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Flavour and Fragrance Journal 17(2) 2002, 144–146.
Localization of the 17q breakpoint of a constitutional 1;17 translocation in a patient with neuroblastoma within a 25‐kb segment located between the ACCN1 and TLK2 genes and near the distal breakpoints of two microdeletions in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients
Authors: Van Roy Nadine , Vandesompele Jo , Berx Geert , Staes Katrien , Van Gele Mireille , De Smet Els , De Paepe Anne , Laureys Geneviève , van der Drift Pauline , Versteeg Rogier , Van Roy Frans , Speleman Frank 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe have constructed a 1.4‐Mb P1 artificial chromosome/bacterial artificial chromosome (PAC/BAC) contig spanning the 17q breakpoint of a constitutional translocation t(1;17)(p36.2;q11.2) in a patient with neuroblastoma. Three 17q breakpoint‐overlapping cosmids were identified and sequenced. No coding sequences were found in the immediate proximity of the 17q breakpoint. The PAC/BAC contig covers the region between the proximally located ACCN1 gene and the distally located TLK2 gene and SCYA chemokine gene cluster. The observation that the 17q breakpoint region could not be detected in any of the screened yeast artificial chromosome libraries and the localization of the 17q breakpoint in the vicinity of the distal breakpoints of two microdeletions in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 suggest that this chromosomal region is genetically unstable and prone to rearrangements. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of the small interstitial deletion at chromosome band 1p34–p35 and its association with poor outcome in oligodendroglial tumors
Authors: Iuchi Toshihiko , Namba Hiroki , Iwadate Yasuo , Shishikura Tomotane , Kageyama Hajime , Nakamura Yoko , Ohira Miki , Yamaura Akira , Osato Katsunobu , Sakiyama Shigeru , Nakagawara Akira 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTo narrow down the putative tumor‐suppressor gene locus and to assess the predictability of clinical courses by genomic alterations, we analyzed 46 oligodendroglial tumors for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 1. LOH at 1p was found in 43 tumors (93.5%), including all 28 oligodendrogliomas, all eight oligo‐astrocytomas, six of eight anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and in one of two anaplastic oligo‐astrocytomas. Thirty‐seven tumors showed LOH patterns consistent with a large terminal deletion, whereas six tumors showed LOH suggesting interstitial deletions. Our data also showed two small regions of overlap at 1p34–p35 (∼5.7 Mb) and at 1p36.1–p36.2 (∼12 Mb). Among the six tumors with interstitial deletion, the proximal region was deleted in five tumors, whereas the distal region was deleted in only half of them. Overall, 91% of tumors showed deletion including this proximal region. To examine the clinical significance of the LOH pattern, the samples were classified into three groups: tumors without 1p LOH (Group 1, n = 3), tumors with an interstitial deletion (Group 2, n = 6), and tumors with a large terminal deletion (Group 3, n = 37). Both overall and progression‐free survival of patients in Group 2 was extremely poor compared with those included in Group 3 (P = 0.0006 and P = 0.003, respectively). As to the clinical response to chemotherapy, nimustine prevented tumor recurrence in Group 3 (P = 0.034) but not in Group 2. Our results demonstrate that a putative tumor‐suppressor gene(s) in oligodendroglial tumors is localized at 1p34–p35 and that small interstitial deletions, in contrast to large terminal deletions, are strongly predictive of both chemoresistance and aggressive characteristics of these tumors. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sequential changes of the DMBT1 expression and location in normal lung tissue and lung carcinomas
Authors: Mollenhauer Jan , Helmke Burkhard , Müller Hanna , Kollender Gaby , Lyer Stefan , Diedrichs Laura , Holmskov Uffe , Ligtenberg Toon , Herbertz Stephan , Krebs Inge , Wiemann Stefan , Madsen Jens , Bikker Floris , Schmitt Liane , Otto Herwart F. , Poustka Annemarie 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDeleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1 (DMBT1) at chromosome region 10q25.3–q26.1 has been proposed as a candidate tumor‐suppressor gene for brain, digestive tract, and lung cancer. Recent studies on its expression in lung cancer have led to divergent results and have raised a controversial discussion. Moreover, DMBT1 has been implicated with epithelial protection in the respiratory tract. We thus wondered how a loss of its expression could be related to carcinogenesis in the lung. To address these issues, we investigated the DMBT1 expression and location in the normal lung and lung cancer. By reverse‐transcription PCR, a down‐regulation of the DMBT1 expression in lung cancer cell lines is commonly detected. Immunohistochemical studies in situ demonstrate that there are also low steady‐state levels of DMBT1 in the normal respiratory epithelium. However, an up‐regulation takes place in the tumor‐flanking epithelium and upon respiratory inflammation. Lung carcinomas show increased DMBT1 expression compared to that of undiseased lung tissue, but decreased DMBT1 levels compared to that of tumor‐flanking and inflammatory tissue. A switch from a lumenal secretion to a secretion to the extracellular matrix takes place during lung carcinogenesis. Our data may resolve the controversial discussion on its expression in lung carcinomas. We hypothesize that the changes of the DMBT1 expression and location do reflect a time course that may point to possible mechanisms for its role in epithelial cancer. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicolor COBRA‐FISH analysis of chronic myeloid leukemia reveals novel cryptic balanced translocations during disease progression
Authors: Barbouti Aikaterini , Johansson Bertil , Höglund Mattias , Mauritzson Nils , Strömbeck Bodil , Nilsson Per‐Gunnar , Tanke Hans J. , Hagemeijer Anne , Mitelman Felix , Fioretos Thoas 
Published: September 2002

AbstractDuring the initial indolent chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the t(9;22)(q34;q11), resulting in the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), is usually the sole cytogenetic anomaly, but as the disease progresses into the accelerated phase (AP), and eventually into aggressive blast crisis (BC), secondary aberrations, mainly unbalanced changes such as +8, i(17q), and +Ph, are frequent. To date, molecular genetic studies of CML BC have mainly focused on alterations of well‐known tumor‐suppressor genes (e.g., TP53, CDKN2A, and RB1) and oncogenes (e.g., RAS and MYC), whereas limited knowledge is available about the molecular genetic correlates of the unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. Balanced secondary changes are rare in CML AP/BC, but it is not known whether cryptic chromosomal translocations, generating fusion genes, may be responsible for disease progression in a subgroup of CML. To address this issue, we used multicolor combined binary ratio fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which allows the simultaneous visualization of all 24 chromosomes in different colors, verified by locus‐specific FISH in a series of 33 CML cases. Two cryptic balanced translocations, t(7;17)(q32–34;q23) and t(7;17)(p15;q23), were found in two of the five cases showing the t(9;22) as the only cytogenetic change. Using several BAC clones, the breakpoints at 17q23 in both cases were mapped within a 350‐kb region. In the case with the 7p15 breakpoint, a BAC clone containing the HOXA gene cluster displayed a split signal, suggesting a possible creation of a fusion gene involving a member of the HOXA family. Furthermore, one case with a partially cryptic t(9;11)(p21–22;q23) and an MLL rearrangement as well as a previously unreported t(3;10)(p22;p12–13) were identified. Altogether, a refined karyotypic description was achieved in 12 (36%) of the 33 investigated cases, illustrating the value of using multicolor FISH for identifying pathogenetically important aberrations in CML AP/BC. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epigenetic control of the E‐cadherin gene (CDH1) by CpG methylation in colectomy samples of patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Azarschab Pia , Porschen Rainer , Gregor Michael , Blin Nikolaus , Holzmann Karlheinz 
Published: September 2002

AbstractE‐cadherin belongs to the cadherin family of calcium‐dependent cell‐adhesion molecules. The cadherins play an essential role in biological processes such as ordering of cell sorting, migration, and differentiation, and their malfunctioning is connected with neoplasia. Neoplastic progression in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis is characterized by the development of epithelial dysplasia. Transcriptional silencing of tumor‐suppressor genes by promoter methylation has been observed in different types of human cancers and dysplasia. To explore the mode of E‐cadherin regulation, 156 biopsy samples from 26 patients with long‐standing ulcerative colitis were screened. To detect the methylation status of our samples, a methylation‐specific PCR was applied. Methylation of the E‐cadherin (CDH1) promoter was detected in 93% of the patients with dysplastic biopsy samples, in contrast to only 6% of the patients without dysplasia (P < 0.001). We also examined the level of synthesis of E‐cadherin protein by immunohistochemical staining in different paraffin‐embedded samples of dysplastic and non‐dysplastic origin in a subset of our patients. Samples with dysplasia displayed reduced levels, whereas samples without dysplasia revealed normal E‐cadherin protein synthesis. These results show that the E‐cadherin promoter is subjected to epigenetic control in colorectal ulceration. Obviously, this event may play an important role in the progression from chronic inflammation to colorectal cancer. For this reason, methylation of the CDH1 promoter is an attractive new biomarker for detecting ulcerative colitis patients with a high risk for developing colorectal cancers. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosomal analysis of hepatic adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia by comparative genomic hybridization
Authors: Chen Yann‐Jang , Chen Pei‐Jer , Lee Mei‐Chi , Yeh Shiou‐Hwei , Hsu Ming‐Ta , Lin Chi‐Hung 
Published: September 2002

AbstractHepatic adenoma (HA) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) are two common non‐malignant tumors of the liver. Genomic analysis on these benign lesions may shed light on the genetic mechanism underlying liver carcinogenesis. We used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to evaluate genomic changes in eight cases of HA and six cases of FNH, obtained by surgical procedures; the resulting chromosomal aberration profiles were analyzed together with their pathological and clinical manifestations. We found consistent chromosomal lesions associated with both non‐malignant hepatic tumors. The overall genomic abnormalities in HA and FNH were much less obvious than those in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among these limited changes, frequent gains were located on chromosomal arms 1q (50%), 17q (50%), 1p (38%), and 11q (38%) in HA, and on 11q (50%), 9q (33%), 17q (33%), and 22q (33%) in FNH. Gains outnumbered losses, and HA contained more CGH abnormalities than did FNH. Interestingly, CGH alteration hotspots found in HA, but not in FNH, appeared largely to coincide with common genomic lesions of cancerous HCC, suggesting an interesting relationship along the tumorigenesis pathway of HA and HCC. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.