bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un aperçu du vêtement populaire à la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Les charniers de la bataille du Mans
Authors: Cabot Élodie , Gendrot Véronique 
Published: January 2024

Les 12 et 13 décembre 1793, l’armée catholique et royale essuyait sa plus grande défaite face à l’armée républicaine dans la ville du Mans. Les combats occasionnèrent 2 500 à 3 000 victimes, principalement civiles, qui furent ensevelies sur place dans de grandes fosses les jours suivant la débâcle vendéenne. La fouille de neuf fosses de catastrophe sur le quinconce des Jacobins et les études pluridisciplinaires menées apportent des éléments de compréhension de cet épisode particulièrement sanglant de la guerre civile connue sous le nom de « guerres de Vendée ». En marge du conflit et des conditions des décès, les indices archéologiques récoltés dans les fosses et sur les corps témoignent des conditions d’ensevelissement des cadavres et apportent des éléments de réflexion sur les pratiques vestimentaires d’une population rurale à la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Ainsi, des boutons, épingles, boucles ou fragments de tissu piégés par l’oxydation ou dans la chaux révèlent de nombreuses informations sur la nature des textiles et vêtements portés par ces hommes et femmes de la classe paysanne.
Le grand veneur de Napoléon Ier à Charles X
Authors: Vial Charles-Éloi 
Published: January 2024

Activité royale par excellence, pratiquée par tous les rois de France, la chasse était plus qu’une simple distraction, mais bien un accessoire du pouvoir, un moyen de représentation et de contrôle des courtisans. Disparues avec la Révolution française, les chasses royales furent remises au goût du jour par Napoléon Ier, soucieux de s’approprier les apparences du pouvoir et qui en fit un instrument politique puissant. La Restauration, au lieu de revenir à l’organisation d’Ancien Régime, choisit de conserver l’équipage de Napoléon, qui fonctionna jusqu’en 1830, année où la révolution de juillet se déchaîna contre la figure du roi-chasseur, personnifiant l’impopularité de Charles X et de son fils.Cette continuité humaine, budgétaire, mais aussi politique et symbolique, se retrouve dans les différents aspects liés à l’organisation des chasses analysés ici : les voyages de la Cour entre les différents palais de la Couronne, la mise en place d’une étiquette spécifique, les invitations d’ambassadeurs ou de souverains étrangers, mais aussi l’élevage du gibier, l’aménagement des forêts, la constitution de la meute et des écuries, et enfin, au cœur de la Maison du souverain, le rôle du grand veneur, officier en charge des chasses impériales puis royales.S’appuyant sur des sources variées et pour la plupart méconnues – archives, mémoires, journaux intimes, ou encore tableaux et objets d’art –, cette étude permet d’aborder, sous un angle singulier, l’évolution de la politique et de la société sous l’Empire et la Restauration. Elle met en lumière non seulement la résurgence des traditions de Versailles et de la symbolique royale en ce début de l’époque contemporaine, mais aussi la passion de la chasse, partagée par Napoléon et par les derniers Bourbons.
CD8+ Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells: Versatile Guardians of the Tissue
Authors: Marchesini Tovar Giuseppina , Gallen Corey , Bergsbaken Tessa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells are a subset of T cells maintained throughout life within nonlymphoid tissues without significant contribution from circulating memory T cells. CD8+ Trm cells contribute to both tissue surveillance and direct elimination of pathogens through a variety of mechanisms. Reactivation of these Trm cells during infection drives systematic changes within the tissue, including altering the state of the epithelium, activating local immune cells, and contributing to the permissiveness of the tissue for circulating immune cell entry. Trm cells can be further classified by their functional outputs, which can be either subset- or tissue-specific, and include proliferation, tissue egress, and modulation of tissue physiology. These functional outputs of Trm cells are linked to the heterogeneity and plasticity of this population, and uncovering the unique responses of different Trm cell subsets and their role in immunity will allow us to modulate Trm cell responses for optimal control of disease.
The Lassa fever cases and mortality in Nigeria: Quantile Regression versus Machine Learning Models
Authors: Samson Timothy , Aromolaran Olukemi , Akingbade Tosin 
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Lassa fever (LF) is caused by the Lassa fever virus (LFV). It is endemic in West Africa, of which 25% of the infections are ascribed to Nigeria. This disease affects mostly the productive age and hence a proper understanding of the dynamics of this disease will help in formulating policies that would help in curbing the spread of LF.
Objectives. The objective of this study is to compare the performance of quantile regression models with that of Machine Learning models.
Methods. Data between between 7th January 2018 2018 and 17th December, 2022 on suspected cases, confirmed cases and deaths resulting from LF were retrieved from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). The data obtained were fitted to quantile regression models (QRM) at 25%, 50% and 75% as well as to Machine learning models. The response variable being confirmed cases and mortality due to Lassa fever in Nigeria while the independent variables were total confirmed cases, the week, month and year.
Results. Result showed that the highest monthly mean confirmed cases (56) and mortality (9) from LF were reported in February. The first quarter of the year reported the highest cases of both confirmed cases and deaths in Nigeria. Result also revealed that for the confirmed cases, quantile regression at 50% outperformed the best of the MLM, Gaussian-matern5/2 GPR (RMSE= 10.3393 versus 11.615), while for mortality, the medium Gaussian SVM (RMSE =1.6441 versus 1.8352) outperformed QRM.
Conclusion. Quantile regression model at 50% better captured the dynamics of the confirmed cases of LF in Nigeria while the medium Gaussian SVM better captured the mortality of LF in Nigeria. Among the features selected, confirmed cases was found to be the most important feature that drive its mortality with the implication that as the confirmed cases of Lassa fever increases, is a significant increase in its mortality. This therefore necessitates a need for a better intervention measures that will help curb Lassa fever mortality as a result of the increase in the confirmed cases. There is also a need for promotion of good community hygiene which could include; discouraging rodents from entering homes and putting food in rodent proof containers to avoid contamination to help hart the spread of Lassa fever in Nigeria.
Investigating the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Agarwal Dinesh , Sarma Mayuri , Agarwal Atul K , Jain Barkha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions of individuals reaching epidemic proportions globally. diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating complications of T2DM, affecting the lower limbs and increasing the risk of foot ulcers, infections, and lower limb amputations. The current study aims to assess the prevalence and severity of DPN using monofilament and MNSI tests in patients diagnosed with T2DM and examine factors associated with the onset and progression of DPN.Objective:To study the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine & Diabetology, Marwari Hospital Assam. A total of 226 patients with type 2 diabetes were assessed for DPN using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI).Results:The study assessed the prevalence of DPN among patients with diabetes mellitus. among the 226 participants, 32% had moderate neuropathy and 11% had severe neuropathy. Symptoms such as numbness, burning pain, and muscle cramps were reported by a significant proportion of participants. Examination findings showed foot-related complications and reduced nerve function in a considerable number of participants. The prevalence of neuropathy varied among different duration groups of patients with diabetes. The severity of neuropathy was higher among patients with longstanding diabetes. These findings emphasize the significant burden of DPN and the importance of diabetes management in managing and preventing diabetic neuropathy.Conclusion:This study revealed a considerable prevalence of DPN among patients with diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of neuropathy varied with the duration of diabetes, suggesting an increased risk with a longer disease duration. Timely intervention and appropriate diabetes management strategies are crucial in reducing the burden of DPN and improving patient outcomes.
An autoantibody to Rh-Ce protein causing positive direct antiglobulin test in a healthy blood donor
Authors: Parikh Yesha Nirmal , Vekariya Mayuri M. , Gondaliya Vasant Kaushik , Rajapara Manisha M. , Joshi Sanmukh Ratilal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) is of diagnostic feature for the patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). However, on rare occasions, for obscure reasons, it is found among healthy blood donors. The present report is aimed to elucidate serological and immunological characteristics of such autoantibody in a healthy donor aged 62 years found with positive DAT. There was no history of Leishmaniasis, nor having a significant illness. His red blood cells (RBCs) showed incompatible cross-match results with every recipient tested in the antiglobulin phase. He was found to be DAT+. As his plasma had very little presence of autoantibody, hence was augmented by elution from his in vivo sensitized RBCs for the study. Autoantibody with immunoglobulin IgG showed predominant specificity of anti-Ce. It is certainly a rare case of autoantibody to RhCe compound antigen yet being innocuous in a healthy blood donor with a positive DAT.
A case report and review of literature on the role of automated red cell exchange in managing sickle cell crisis in India
Authors: Rajendran Vinu , Kalra Archisha , George Ashna , Chenna Deepika , Mohan Ganesh , Shastry Shamee 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Red cell exchanges (RCE) help in the treatment of complications of sickle cell anemia (SCA) by reducing the viscosity of blood and improving the oxygen-carrying capacity. We present a case of sickle cell crisis (SCC) managed with automated RCE and also reviewed the literature to assess the utilization and clinical efficiency of this therapy in India. A 19-year-old gentleman diagnosed with SCA presented with acute chest syndrome. Hemoglobin (Hb) was 8.8 g%, hematocrit (HCT) was 24%, and HbS was 90%. As there was worsening of symptoms with conventional management, the patient underwent two procedures of automated RCE. The clinical condition of the patient was improved, HbS was reduced to 16% and HCT was remained at 21% postprocedure. Articles on automated RCE in SCA conducted in India were reviewed and four articles were analyzed based on the search strategy. All the included articles concluded automated RCE as an effective procedure for complications of SCA. Common indication in India was SCA patients undergoing surgery as a prophylactic measure. Automated RCEs are promising as an acute treatment for indicated sickle cell complications. This therapy is underutilized in the Indian scenario, especially in patients with SCC.
Application of blood group genotyping in complex cases of immunohematology
Authors: Musial Letícia Binhara , Prochaska Caroline Luise , Moss Mariane Faria , Cruz Bruno Ribeiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Red blood cell (RBC) group systems are depicted by antigens on the surface of RBCs, which when transfused to a recipient that lacks them, can result in alloimmunization. Thus, transfusion of matched RBC components to the recipient is recommended, especially for the more immunogenic blood group antigens, such as Rh (E, e, C, and c), Kell, Kidd, Duffy, and MNS.

AIMS:
The aim of this study was to perform the blood group genotyping from blood samples of 12 polytransfused patients whose phenotyping was inconclusive or incomplete.

METHODS:
The amplicons were amplified by polymerase chain reaction–sequence-specific primers for the following alleles: RHCE (RHCE * C, RHCE * c, RHCE * E, and RHCE * e), KEL (KEL * 01 and KEL * 02), FY (FY * 01 and FY * 02), and KID (JK * 01 and JK * 02), in addition to the GATA1-mutated gene (FY * 02N.01).

RESULTS:
Discrepancies were found in the Rh (E) and Kidd systems, in addition to cases of Fyb antigen silencing attributed to the GATA mutation, which was present in all individuals with Fy (a-b-) phenotype. The technique also solved the inconclusive phenotyping caused by mixed-field agglutination.

CONCLUSION:
The results show the contribution of blood group genotyping in complex immunohematology cases, optimizing the delivery of RBC components suitable for transfusion safety, and expanding the number of compatible donors for patients with the Fy (a-b) phenotype related to the FY (02N.01) allele.
Red cell alloimmunization and associated risk factors in multiply transfused thalassemia patients: A prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care center in Northern India
Authors: Yadav Brijesh Kumar , Chaudhary Rajendra K. , Elhence Priti , Phadke Shubha Rao , Mandal Kausik , Saxena Deepti , Moirangthem Amita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
One of the complications of chronic transfusions in thalassemia is the development of red cell alloimmunization.

AIMS:
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency, specificity of red cell alloantibodies, and factors influencing alloimmunization in multiply transfused thalassemia patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was carried out prospectively on beta-thalassemia patients over 10 months. Plasma samples were used for antibody screening and identification using the column agglutination technique. Patients’ clinical, laboratory, and transfusion details were obtained from hospital information system and patient files.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
Continuous variables were reported as median and quartile, whereas categorical variables were provided as numbers and proportions. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
Out of 255 patients, 17 (6.6%) patients developed alloantibodies. Alloimmunized patients had significantly higher median ages at their first transfusions (1 year vs. 0.5 years; P = 0.042) than nonalloimmunized patients. Alloimmunized patients had significantly higher conjugated bilirubin (P = 0.016) and serum ferritin (P = 0.007). The majority of alloantibodies had specificity toward K antigen, followed by E, C, D, JKa, and JKb antigens. Alloimmunized patients received more units per year than nonalloimmunized patients (median, 30 vs. 24 units; P < 0.001). The average transfusion interval time between two successive transfusions showed a significant difference (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of alloimmunization in thalassemia patients in North India is relatively low. Since most of the alloantibodies belong to Rh and Kell blood group system, extended phenotype-matched blood for Rh and Kell will be helpful in further preventing or decreasing the development of alloantibodies in multiply transfused thalassemia patients.
Redefining the role of therapeutic plasma exchange in complications of Echis carinatus sochureki envenomation refractory to anti-snake venom: A case series
Authors: Bava Davood , Akhilesh Kumar P. H. , Gupta Anubhav , Mandal Saptarshi , Bajpayee Archana , Gopalakrishnan Maya , Khan Md Atik 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus) belongs to the Viperidae family. Its venom is hemotoxic and contains several small peptides and proteins affecting the coagulation system. Commonly used anti-snake venom (ASV) products in India are reported to be ineffective or less effective in cases with bites by Echis carinatus sochureki which are commonly found in desert areas in Rajasthan. Although therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been successful in patients with snakebite envenomation in the past, American Society for Apheresis guidelines 2019 included this indication under category III with grade 2C recommendation.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:
To report the safety and efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange procedures in the setting of ASV refractory E. c. sochureki envenomation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Four patients admitted to our institute in 2021 September with an alleged history of snake bites and who underwent at least one cycle of therapeutic plasma exchange were assessed for clinical outcome, laboratory parameters, and blood product consumption.

RESULTS:
Three adult patients and one pediatric patient are included in this case series, all of them males. Indication for TPE in one case was suspected diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), while in all the other cases was thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). All received a variable number of sessions from 2 to 5 and 1.3–1.5 plasma volume was removed on an average per cycle. The endpoint of TPE was the resolution of DAH in one while a reduction in lactate dehydrogenase and an increase in platelet count was in TMA cases. Consumption of blood products was drastically reduced in all four patients after starting the procedure. All the adult patients fared well on follow-up while the child had developed acute cortical necrosis and was dialysis-dependent. It has been noted in the previous studies too that a subset of snakebite-induced TMA cases was getting converted to chronic kidney disease and becoming dialysis dependent in the long run.

CONCLUSIONS:
In regions where ASV treatment failure is very common, therapeutic plasma exchange is a safe and effective complementary treatment modality along with supportive care.
Association of donor characteristics with coagulation factor levels in fresh frozen plasma
Authors: Agarwal Sarika , Negi Gita , Meinia Sushant Kumar , Chennamsetty Eswara Prasad , Kaur Daljit , Jain Ashish 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Coagulation factors are essential to maintain normal hemostasis. Plasma for transfusion can be obtained from whole blood donation or plasma apheresis. Plasma obtained from whole blood donation is termed as fresh frozen plasma (FFP). The quality of FFP can be influenced by several factors including donor variables (such as age, gender, diet, genetic profile), environmental factors, collection methods, processing methods, storage temperature, etc. This study was done to assess the association of donor characteristics such as donor age, blood group, and smoking with coagulation factor levels in FFP units.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The screening of donors for collection of whole blood units was done as per the national guidelines. A total of 144 FFP units were assessed for coagulation factors. The FFP units were tested for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, coagulation factor VIII, and coagulation factor IX (CF IX) on coagulation analyzer.

RESULTS:
A total of 144 FFP units were tested for coagulation parameters. The value of PT was highest in units prepared from donors in more than 45 years of age group. The value of CF IX was significantly lower in O blood group as compared to non-O blood group. The value of fibrinogen was significantly higher in smokers as compared to nonsmokers.

CONCLUSION:
The findings of the present study further add evidence to the fact that donor factors such as age, blood group, and smoking have an impact on coagulation factor levels in FFP units.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with cold agglutinin disease: A retrospective analysis at a tertiary medical center
Authors: Mehrotra Harshita , Otrock Zaher K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is relatively rare and has primarily been reported as retrospective case series.

AIM:
We reviewed our experience with CAD to shed light on this disease.

STUDY SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
This was a retrospective review of all patients with CAD managed at our institution between 2007 and 2018.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was approved by our institutional review board. We extracted patients’ demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, blood transfusions, and outcomes from their electronic medical records.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17. The method of Kaplan–Meier was used to plot survival curves.

RESULTS:
Forty-eight patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for CAD. The median age of patients was 73.1 (range, 43–99) years; 36 (75%) were female. The majority (n = 38; 79.2%) of patients were Caucasians. Most patients (n = 25, 52.1%) presented with symptomatic anemia. Eight patients were asymptomatic. The median hemoglobin level was 8.6 g/dL (range, 3–12 g/dL); 7 (14.6%) patients had concurrent thrombocytopenia. Lactate dehydrogenase was elevated in 40/47 (85.1%) patients and haptoglobin was below normal in 35/46 (76.1%) patients. Coagulopathy was observed in 19 (52.8%) of 36 patients. Sixteen (33.3%) patients required blood transfusion during admission at the time of diagnosis with a median number of 3.5 red blood cell units. Twenty-five (52.1%) patients were alive after a median follow-up of 50.1 months. The 5-year and 10-year survival was estimated at 58.2% and 30.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
CAD poses considerable burden on patients and health-care systems. Patients vary widely in their disease severity and course.
Providing scalable single‐operating‐system NUMA abstraction of physically discrete resources
Authors: An Baik Song , Cha Myung Hoon , Lee Sang‐Min , Yang Won Hyuk , Kim Hong Yeon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith an explosive increase of data produced annually, researchers have been attempting to develop solutions for systems that can effectively handle large amounts of data. Single‐operating‐system (OS) non‐uniform memory access (NUMA) abstraction technology is an important technology that ensures the compatibility of single‐node programming interfaces across multiple nodes owing to its higher cost efficiency compared with scale‐up systems. However, existing technologies have not been successful in optimizing user performance. In this paper, we introduce a single‐OS NUMA abstraction technology that ensures full compatibility with the existing OS while improving the performance at both hypervisor and guest levels. Benchmark results show that the proposed technique can improve performance by up to 4.74 on average in terms of execution time compared with the existing state‐of‐the‐art open‐source technology.
Power Quality Enhancement Using Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Mobility
Authors: Khaleel Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

In the present day, there is a growing emergence of obstacles pertaining to the remuneration of power quality (PQ) issues. In this context, the implementation of renewable energy sources (RES) solutions has a critical significance. The transition from traditional electrical power grids to smart grids necessitates the utilization of a significant quantity of power electronics converters and RES. These converters are essential for the incorporation of crucial technologies like renewable energies, electric mobility, and energy storage systems. Consequently, PQ concerns gain heightened significance in this context. The article focuses on elucidating the primary phenomena related to PQ issues in smart grids, their origins, and consequences across various sectors. Additionally, the paper provides a comprehensive examination and categorization of the primary PQ issues, along with their corresponding alignment with established standards. It also offers an assessment of PQ problems associated with RES and their integration with electric mobility.