bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the application of percutaneous closed pleural brushing combined with cell block technique in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Wang Kang , Hu Xueting , Chen Yufang , Yi Xinglin , Han Xianfeng , Zhu Duan , Zhu Bingjing , Luo Hu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study was to investigate the diagnostic value of percutaneous closed pleural brushing (CPBR) followed by cell block technique for malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and the predictive efficacy of pleural fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in lung adenocarcinoma patients with MPE.MethodsAll patients underwent closed pleural biopsy (CPB) and CPBR followed by cell block examination. MPE‐positive diagnostic rates between the two methods were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine factors influencing the EGFR mutations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of pleural fluid CEA for EGFR mutations.ResultsThe cumulative positive diagnostic rates for MPE after single and twice CPBR followed by cell block examination were 80.5% and 89.0%, higher than CPB (45.7%, 54.3%) (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that EGFR mutation was associated with pleural fluid and serum CEA (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that pleural fluid CEA was an independent risk factor for predicting EGFR mutation (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of pleural fluid CEA for EGFR mutation prediction was 0.774, higher than serum CEA (P = 0.043), but no difference with the combined test (P > 0.05).ConclusionCompared with CPB, CPBR followed by the cell block technique can significantly increase the positive diagnostic rate of suspected MPE. CEA testing of pleural fluid after CPBR has a high predictive efficacy for EGFR mutation in lung adenocarcinoma patients with MPE, implying pleural fluid extracted for cell block after CPBR may be an ideal specimen for genetic testing.
Serum HMGB1 is a biomarker for acute myocardial infarction with or without heart failure
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Wen Juan , Yang Qiong , Zhang Zhihui , Zhao Xiexiong , Tang Xiaohong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study measured serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and/or heart failure (HF) and evaluated their relationship with peripheral inflammatory biomarkers and cardiac biomarkers, which have not been reported before. Of the patients, 55 had AMI without HF (AMI−HF), 42 had AMI with HF (AMI+HF), and 60 had HF without AMI (HF−AMI) compared with 50 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected to assess serum HMGB1 levels and blood test‐related inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], hs‐CRP, uric acid, and white blood cell count) and cardiac biomarkers (e.g., MYO, cTnI, CKMB, CK, NT‐proBNP, LDH, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]). Compared to healthy controls, three groups of patients, especially those with AMI+HF, had significantly higher levels of serum HMGB1. All tested inflammatory biomarkers (except uric acid) were significantly positively correlated with HMGB1 in patients with AMI patients but not in patients with non‐AMI. In addition, all tested cardiac biomarkers (except NT‐proBNP in AMI−HF) were significantly higher in patients with AMI than in control individuals. The levels of MYO, cTnI, CKMB, CK, AST, and ALT were not significantly changed in patients with HF−AMI compared to control individuals, but were still much lower than those in patients with AMI (except ALT). In all patients, the levels of NT‐proBNP, and cTnI were significantly correlated with HMGB1 levels. Except for MYO, LDH, AST, and ALT, all cardiac biomarkers in AMI−HF and AMI+HF showed a significant correlation with HMGB1. Among risk factors, hypertension, diabetes, previous heart disease, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction showed a significant correlation with HMGB1 in all disease groups.
Comparative assessment of scientific reach and utilization of the International Association of Dental Traumatology 2020 guidelines: An altmetric and citation analysis
Authors: Ravi Mugilan , Tewari Nitesh , Atif Mohammad , Srivastav Sukeshana , Shrivastava Nikhil , Rahul Morankar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThe updated version of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines was published online in May 2020 in the form of four papers. They are extensively used in dental trauma education in textbooks, undergraduate and postgraduate programs, and clinical workshops. Hence, this study aimed to assess the impact, global scientific reach, and utilization of these guidelines through altmetric and citation analysis.Material and MethodsThe protocol was prepared after an expert group discussion. Dimensions database was used to derive the altmetric and citation data on April 10th, 2023. The data was extracted by using a self‐designed pre‐piloted form by two authors independently. The citing articles were further categorized into the type of study and the domains and subdomains of dental traumatology. The VOSviewer program was utilized to explore the correlation between the subdomains and the overlap of citations was assessed by creating a citation matrix.ResultsA total of 552 citations had been collectively received by the four papers. The highest was seen for the guidelines for fracture and luxation in permanent teeth (FL), avulsion in permanent teeth (AV), general introduction (GI), and primary teeth (PT). Dental Traumatology had the maximum number of citing papers for each guideline. They were from 52 countries with English being the commonest language. Overall, the maximum number of citations had been received in narrative reviews (n = 104) and the majority of cited papers were categorized in the therapeutic domains. The most common subdomain for the papers that cited GI, FL, and AV was “treatment protocols in permanent teeth”, while it was “awareness of prevention and emergency management of traumatic dental injuries” for the papers that had cited PT.ConclusionsThis analysis highlighted that the IADT 2020 guidelines are globally popular resources, which are widely used by the researchers across specialities and are intended towards clinical application.
Question answering over knowledge graphs using BERT based relation mapping
Authors: C. M. Suneera , Prakash Jay , Singh Pramod Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA knowledge graph (KG) is a structured form of knowledge describing real‐world entities, properties and relationships as a graph. Question answering over knowledge graphs (KGQA) allows people to ask questions in natural language and extract answers from KG accurately and more quickly. The main task of a KGQA is to convert a natural language query to the corresponding structured query form like SPARQL. However, generating the precise SPARQL query from a question is challenging and highly error‐prone. Here we propose a question‐answering framework that uses KG to answer simple questions without using SPARQL. Question classification, dependency parsing, entity linking, BERT‐based relation finding and answer extraction constitute the main modules of the approach. We have used the DBpedia as the KG and tested the end‐to‐end system with a subset of QALD‐4, LC‐QuAD and SimpleQuestions datasets. Results show considerable improvement compared to other approaches in terms of F1‐score.
Overview of undergraduate degree programs related to human development and family science
Authors: Dyer Kathleen , Black Sara , Quitorio Gwyneth , Linneman Emma , Vang Maichong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this overview of academic programs related to Human Development and Family Science (HDFS) is to describe the current status of HDFS in the academy.BackgroundHDFS is an interdisciplinary nexus of family science, developmental science, and early childhood education (ECE), often coexisting in academic units.MethodUniversities were identified using Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) codes in Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) data. Program information was identified by review of university websites and online catalogs.ResultsSix hundred thirty‐six programs granted 28,000 HDFS‐related degrees in the United States in 2019. Universities are evenly split between public and private and are geographically diverse. Approximately half of programs self‐identify as HDFS, 30% ECE, 15% developmental science, and 5% family science. The largest number of programs (53%) were in colleges of education, but they were widely dispersed across campuses, with self‐identified HDFS programs likely to be in colleges that reflect a home economics heritage. The most common department name was Human Development and Family Studies/Science, but these were only 25% of programs. Department names and degree names reflect an interdisciplinary collaboration of developmental science with family science but were less likely to reflect early education. There was little correspondence between the name of degrees offered and the CIP codes attached to them.ConclusionHDFS has a large and interdisciplinary presence on university campuses but an unclear identity.ImplicationsHDFS needs to clarify its relationship with ECE and to decide whether to standardize its complex and interdisciplinary identity.
Promoting more equitable taxation: Can civic actors help?
Authors: de Renzio Paolo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis short paper summarizes the key findings of a collaborative project looking at civic actors' role in promoting more equitable taxation across seven countries. Their examples show that effective tax advocacy usually relies on multiple strategies that engage diverse actors—from public officials and legislators to the media and broader civic coalitions. Moreover, progress depends on building robust and convincing narratives around the need for tax reform and deploying different kinds of capacities—for technical analysis, political engagement and compelling communications. Ultimate success often builds on past failures. In this sense, civil society tax advocacy is a long‐haul endeavor that requires organizations to have a long‐term vision and learn and adapt.
Hydrogeological Functioning of a Karst Underground River Basin in Southwest China
Authors: Guo Yongli , Huang Fen , Sun Ping'an , Zhang Cheng , Xiao Qiong , Wen Zhang , Yang Hui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Maocun underground karst river system in the peak cluster depression is an important source of groundwater in southwest China. Multitracers and high resolution water‐level‐monitoring technology were used to assess and evaluate the hydrogeological structure and flow dynamics. The results showed that the spatial geological structures of the sites had high heterogeneity. Scatter plots of environmental tracers divided the sampling points into groups under different water flow patterns. The karstification was found to increase from sites XLB and LLS to sites BY, SGY and BDP to sites CY and DYQ, where the main water flow patterns at these site groups were diffuse water, both diffuse water and conduit water, and conduit water, respectively. The response times of the subsystems were found to be influenced by the spatial structure, the degree of karstification, and the volume of precipitation and frequency. The average response times of SGY, BDP, ZK, and Outlet in the selected precipitation scenarios were 5.17, 4.08, 16.42, and 5.83 h, respectively. In addition, the EC, δ13CDIC, 222Rn, and δ18O exhibited both linear or exponential relationships. Overall, three hydrogeological conceptual models were constructed showing: (1) high precipitation driving the deep water, resulting in a concentrated flow regime and regional groundwater flow field; (2) both concentrated and diffuse water flows existing under moderate precipitation, resulting in mixed water flow field; (3) the water cycle in the shallow karst aquifer system under low precipitation causing the local groundwater flow field to be dominated by diffuse water flow.
Impact of type 2 diabetes on surgical site infections and prognosis post orthopaedic surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: He Chunyan , Zhou Feng , Zhou Fan , Wang Jin , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes raises concerns about adverse postoperative outcomes like surgical site infections (SSIs) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in orthopaedic surgeries. This meta‐analysis aims to resolve inconclusive evidence by systematically quantifying the risks in type 2 diabetic patients compared to non‐diabetic individuals.MethodsThe meta‐analysis was conducted adhering to the PRISMA guidelines and based on the PICO framework. Four primary databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, with no temporal restrictions. Studies included were either prospective or retrospective cohort studies published in English or Chinese, which assessed orthopaedic surgical outcomes among adult type 2 diabetic and non‐diabetic patients. The meta‐analysis employed the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for quality assessment and used both fixed‐effect and random‐effects models for statistical analysis based on the level of heterogeneity.ResultsOut of 951 identified articles, nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The odds ratio (OR) for developing postoperative SSIs among diabetic patients was 1.63 (95% CI: 1.19–2.22), indicating a significantly elevated risk compared to non‐diabetic subjects. Conversely, no statistically significant difference in the risk of postoperative DVT was found between the two groups (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.55–1.22). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of these outcomes.ConclusionsPatients with type 2 diabetes are at a higher risk of developing SSIs post orthopaedic surgery compared to non‐diabetic individuals. However, both groups demonstrated comparable risks for developing postoperative DVT.
The impact of dual VA–Medicare use on a data‐driven clinical management tool for older Veterans with multimorbidity
Authors: Hutchins Franya , Rosland Ann‐Marie , Zhao Xinhua , Zhang Hongwei , Thorpe Joshua M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare systems are increasingly turning to data‐driven approaches, such as clustering techniques, to inform interventions for medically complex older adults. However, patients seeking care in multiple healthcare systems may have missing diagnoses across systems, leading to misclassification of resulting groups. We evaluated the impact of multi‐system use on the accuracy and composition of multimorbidity groups among older adults in the Veterans Health Administration (VA).MethodsEligible patients were VA primary care users aged ≥65 years and in the top decile of predicted 1‐year hospitalization risk in 2018 (n = 558,864). Diagnoses of 26 chronic conditions were coded using a 24‐month lookback period and input into latent class analysis (LCA) models. In a random 10% sample (n = 56,008), we compared the resulting model fit, class profiles, and patient assignments from models using only VA system data versus VA with Medicare data.ResultsLCA identified six patient comorbidity groups using VA system data. We labeled groups based on diagnoses with higher within‐group prevalence relative to the average: Substance Use Disorders (7% of patients), Mental Health (15%), Heart Disease (22%), Diabetes (16%), Tumor (14%), and High Complexity (10%). VA with Medicare data showed improved model fit and assigned more patients with high accuracy. Over 70% of patients assigned to the Substance, Mental Health, High Complexity, and Tumor groups using VA data were assigned to the same group in VA with Medicare data. However, 41.9% of the Heart Disease group and 14.7% of the Diabetes group were reassigned to a new group characterized by multiple cardiometabolic conditions.ConclusionsThe addition of Medicare data to VA data for older high‐risk adults improved clustering model accuracy and altered the clinical profiles of groups. Accessing or accounting for multi‐system data is key to the success of interventions based on empiric grouping in populations with dual‐system use.
A novel technique for CAD‐CAM assisted digital ocular prosthesis
Authors: Tahmawy Yassmin Ashour , Mohamed Faten Salah Eldin , Elfeki Suzan Ahmed , Abd‐ELLAH Mervat Elsayed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere are various techniques available for constructing a custom ocular prosthesis. The present technique report describes a digital workflow for constructing an ocular prosthesis using computed tomography integrated with digital technologies. The outer region of the healthy eyeball was segmented to produce the top surface of the prosthesis, while the contour and bottom surface were segmented from the tissue bed of the anophthalmic socket. The iris position was determined by tracing the optical nerve and confirmed by superimposing the patient's facial scan onto the soft tissue model of the computed tomography. Using these parameters, a standard tessellation language file for the ocular prosthesis was generated and 3D printed. The iris was then printed via UV technology using digital photographs of the patient's contralateral eye; characterization of the sclera and the final layer of clear acrylic resin were done conventionally.
Regulatory conflict and a latent public safety risk? The case of gas infrastructure
Authors: Chester Lynne , Hayes Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile the literature on regulatory compliance is extensive, little scholarly attention has focused on how companies respond to conflicting regulatory requirements. As a case in point, gas pipelines and networks—deemed monopolies—are subject to economic regulation to emulate the price pressures of competition and encourage “efficient” expenditure. Technical (safety) regulation of the same infrastructure also addresses an expenditure trade‐off with safety, potentially drawing different conclusions as to the most appropriate balance. This article reports on a study—drawing on 49 interviews, document review and case studies—analyzing if these two regulatory regimes, as enacted in Australia, are in conflict. We find a significant tension between the two regimes, exhibited through the impact that economic regulation has on a company's planned safety‐related expenditure and thus, long‐term public safety outcomes may be at risk. Australian safety regulation is performance‐based, requiring “reasonably practicable” measures are in place to minimize risk to the public. The San Bruno California disaster, in which eight people died as a result of failed gas infrastructure in the US, shows that such regulatory conflicts also exist in jurisdictions that have adopted prescriptive forms of safety regulation.
Testing a frailty prevention program for older men during COVID‐19: A 2‐year mixed‐methods pilot study
Authors: Hirano Michiyo , Takashima Risa , Onishi Ryuta , Abe Hiroki , Saeki Kazuko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrailty is a syndrome related to declining functioning attributed to aging. As a reversible, often improved condition, preventive measures for frailty can be effective.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate a frailty prevention program for older men comprising face‐to‐face meetings and an original social mobile application. We also examined the effect of COVID‐19‐associated social isolation on the implementation of this program.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods pilot study featuring a single group before and after comparison of 11 man participants, ≥65 years, living in Japanese cities with a spouse or relatives. Program outcome measures included frailty, loneliness, grip strength, step count and mental health status. Process evaluation considered the experience of participants through a semi‐structured interview.ResultsThe intervention period included an interval of self‐isolation owing to the spread of COVID‐19. Among the outcomes, grip strength decreased after intervention. No significant negative changes were observed in other items. Themes emerging from participant experiences with the program included ‘Cooperation with researchers and contributing to research’, ‘Greater awareness of health’, ‘Interest in and experience of “newness”’, ‘Hesitation over active engagement’, ‘Casual ties with members’ and ‘Relationships that do not breach personal boundaries’.ConclusionsAlthough the COVID‐19 pandemic overlapped with the intervention, participants maintained their mental health. The program was a novel, stimulating experience for older men and demonstrated the usefulness of information and communication technology in supporting their social activities.Implications for practiceAs a community health nursing initiative for older people, we propose activities that combine group and online support. Frailty prevention programs for older men must contain content that stimulates their interests, such as ‘health’ and ‘newness’.
Risk for second primary cancers among pediatric and young adult melanoma survivors
Authors: Luu Yen , Han Joseph , Agarwal Aneesh , Elkady Nadine , Jaroonwanichkul Sandra , Gulati Nicholas , Gittler Julia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesSecond primary cancers (SPCs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. In this study, we aimed to characterize the incidence of SPCs among pediatric and young adult survivors of CM.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program data spanning 2000–2018, we calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) to assess SPC risk in all pediatric (0–18 years) and young adult (19–29 years) patients with a first primary cancer diagnosis of CM.ResultsOf 7,169 total CM survivors, 632 (8.82%) developed a SPC, corresponding to a 5‐fold increased risk (standardized incidence ratio [SIR] 4.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.60–5.38) compared to the general population. There was a highly elevated risk for second primary melanoma across all age groups (SIR 32.5; 95% CI 29.7–35.6), constituting the majority of SPC diagnoses (N = 485). Infants diagnosed with CM before 1 year of age had the highest risk for any SPC (SIR 164; 95% CI 19.8–592) and young adults diagnosed at 25–29 years had the lowest risk (SIR 4.64; 95% CI 4.19–5.13). SPC incidence was highest within the first year of CM diagnosis (SIR 27.5; 95% CI 23.7–31.6) and progressively decreased with time.ConclusionsVariation exists in the incidence and type of SPC according to age among pediatric and young adult survivors of CM.
Special considerations in adolescents of color with acne and textured hair
Authors: Grayson Ciara , Heath Candrice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcne is a common dermatologic condition that affects most adolescents. In adolescents of color with textured hair, it is paramount to consider how hair care practices may affect acne distribution and treatment. Dermatologists should be familiar with hair care cultural norms when treating this population.