bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blowout-Capping-Fracturing-Relief Well: A Full Cycle Workflow
Authors: Elnoamany Youssuf , Michael Andreas , Gupta Ipsita , Bhinde Tej , Todman Steve , Waltrich Paulo J. , Chen Yuanhang 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Failed well-capping attempts following offshore-well blowouts undergoing worst case discharge (WCD) can lead to fluid-driven tensile failures (de facto hydraulic fracture initiations). Subsequent propagation of these fractures may lead to broaching of overburden-rock-formation layers and even the seafloor, providing pathways for reservoir hydrocarbons to escape into the seawater. After capping stack shut-in, the pressure buildup in the fluid column inside the wellbore exposes vulnerable locations to tensile (Mode I) failure. If this shut-in wellbore pressure exceeds the formation breakdown pressure (FBP) in any of the exposed-rock-formation layers, a fracture will initiate and will continue to propagate as long as sufficient energy is provided by the reservoir. Scenarios where the propagating fracture(s) broached the seafloor in the past led to severe environmental impacts, disturbing the local ecology. The quintessential example is Union Oil’s 1969 “A-21 Well” blowout in California’s Santa Barbara Channel, where subsequent well-capping attempts led to multiple broaching instances on the seafloor near the well with thousands of hydrocarbon gallons gushing into the seawater (observable from the sea surface as “oil boilups”).
In this paper, numerical modeling is performed on a hypothetical case study using deepwater Gulf of Mexico parameters in order to evaluate the likelihood of a similar scenario by modeling a planar-fracture propagation longitudinally-to-the-wellbore, upon well capping. A workflow is developed that integrates post-blowout WCD flowrate and volume estimations, fracture initiation and propagation modeling following the capping stack shut-in, pertaining to a “cap-and-contain” strategy (including predictions in regard to seafloor broaching), along with relief-well intersection followed by kill-weight-mud injection. The casing-shoe depth is the presumed location of fracture initiation, assuming perfect integrity of all casedhole sections above it. Several sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the impact of the casing-shoe depth, along with the stiffness of the overburden-rock-formation layer, and the post-blowout-discharge duration on the resultant fracture growth. Finally, the mud density and pump flowrate necessary to compensate the oil column to successfully kill the blown well are quantitatively assessed.
Pore-Scale Simulation of Fracture Propagation by CO2 Flow Induced in Deep Shale Based on Hydro-Mechanical Coupled Model
Authors: Liu Ziwei , Yang Yongfei , Zhang Qi , Imani Gloire , Zhang Lei , Sun Hai , Zhong Junjie , Zhang Kai , Yao Jun 
Published: October 2023

Summary
The depletion of conventional reservoirs has led to increased interest in deep shale gas. Hydraulic fracturing addresses the challenge of developing low-permeability shale, involving hydro-mechanical coupling fracture propagation mechanics. Supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) has become a promising alternative to fracturing fluids due to its ability to be buried underground after use. The high temperature, pressure, and stress of deep shale lead to the flow of fracturing fluid to plastic deformation of rock, resulting in microfractures. In this paper, we simulate the fracture propagation process of deep shale fractured by SC-CO2 based on the coupling of the Darcy-Brinkman-Biot method, which adopts the Navier-Stokes-like equation to solve the free flow region, and the Darcy equation with Biot’s theory to solve flow in the matrix. To clearly probe the mechanism of deep fracturing from a microscopic perspective, the plastic rock property is taken into consideration. We investigate the effects of injection velocity, rock plastic yield stress, formation pressure, and gas slippage effect on fluid saturation and fracture morphology, and find that increasing the injection rate of fracturing fluid can form better extended fractures and complex fracture networks, improving the fracturing effect. Furthermore, we find that it is more appropriate to adopt SC-CO2 as a fracturing fluid alternative in deep shale with higher plastic yield stress due to higher CO2 saturation in the matrix, indicating greater carbon sequestration potential. High confining pressure promotes the growth of shear fractures, which are capable of more complex fracture profiles. The gas slip effect has a significant impact on the stress field while ignoring the flow field. This study sheds light on which deep shale gas reservoirs are appropriate for the use of SC-CO2 as a fracturing fluid and offers recommendations for how to enhance the fracturing effect at the pore scale.
New automated drilling controller for drill string vibrations mitigation and rate of penetration optimization using a fuzzy logic system.
Authors: BOUKREDERA Farouk Said , Youcefi Mohamed Riad , Hadjadj Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Drill string vibration is one of the limiting factors that affect the maximum drilling performance, and at the same time causes premature failure of drill string components. Optimizing the drilling process in order to enhance efficiency requires a valuable vibration mitigation scheme to increase penetration rate. This article introduces a novel strategy to control drilling parameters to reduce drill string vibration and optimize ROP. In the system development process, various interesting topics have been studied, such as the performance of the controller (using MATLAB Fuzzy Logic toolbox), the application of artificial neural networks in ROP prediction, and drill string modeling. The proposed strategy uses multiple inputs such as surface drilling parameters variation (RPM, WOB, and Torque) together with predictive vibration severity estimate to detect drilling vibrations and adjust related parameters to suppress severe oscillations and avoid unexpected events that lead to non-productive time. The fuzzy logic controller shows overall stability and robustness, the controlled parameters follow the rules used in the fuzzy set which are developed by analyzing data from Algerian oil wells and simulating the "experience and expertise" of decision-makers. The system is multi-objective optimization; can detect inefficiencies, mitigate vibration, and enhance ROP. The artificial neural network ROP model, when simulated using the field data, shows an improvement of ROP by 12% on average across all the drilled formations when compared to the recorded data. A case study is presented to illustrate the application of this method in drilling practice.
Developement of a new staining protocol for the Kleihauer-Betke test to facilitate the reading of dificult cases
Authors: Serban Adrian , Tholance Yannick , Aanei Carmen , Campos Lydia , Iobagiu Cristina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Kleihauer–Betke (KB) test allows the detection of fetal red blood cells (containing fetal hemoglobin, HbF) in the maternal blood to identify and quantify potential fetal-maternal hemorrhages. In certain cases, detecting fetal red blood cells with conventional staining is difficult. False-positive results or overestimation of the quantity of fetal red blood cells may occur in cases of maternal hemoglobinopathy. In this study, we developed a new staining protocol to facilitate the reading of difficult smears and improve the precision of the quantification of fetal red blood cells; we also analyzed the performance of this new method. This study assessed blood samples with and without hemoglobin abnormalities, which present difficulties when interpreting the KB test.
Methods
The new staining formula is based on an improved elution technique and the use of a different stain instead of hematoxylin. To test this staining method, 16 samples from patients with abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis and 14 samples from patients with normal hemoglobin electrophoresis were analyzed using the KB test with the classical staining method and the new staining method. In addition, a second series was prepared using the same samples spiked with fetal red blood cells from newborn blood, to compare the accuracy of the two methods in identifying fetal red blood cells.
Results
In the 60 slides analyzed with both staining methods, we found that the new technique improved the accuracy from 78–85%; lowered the coefficient of variation between the operators, which decreased from 20.7–12.7%; increased the specificity in our population from 56–70%; and decreased the number of false-positive cases by 30%.
Conclusions
We successfully developed a new staining technique that facilitates the reading of difficult slides and improves the specificity of the detection of fetal red blood cells. This technique is recommended as a secondary method to use before sending the sample for additional exploration.
High-dimensional single photon based quantum secure direct communication using time and phase mode degrees
Authors: Ahn Byungkyu , Park Jooyoun , Lee Jonghyun , Lee Sangrim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) can guarantee security using the characteristics of quantum mechanics even when a message is directly transmitted through a quantum channel without using a secret key. However, the transmission rate of the QSDC is limited by the dead time of a single photon detector (SPD) as well as channel loss over the distance. To overcome this limited transmission rate, we propose a high-dimensional single photon-based QSDC protocol that applies two optical degrees of freedom: time and phase state. First, an N-dimensional time and phase state generation method that considers the dead time is proposed to minimize the measurement loss of a transmitted message. Second, among the two types of quantum states, the phase state with relatively low measurement efficiency is used only for eavesdropping detection,and the time state is used for sending messages with differential delay time bin-based encoding techniques. Lastly, we propose an efficient method for measuring N-dimensional time and phase-based quantum states and recovering classical bit information.This study performs security analysis against various attacks, and verifies the transmission rate improvement effect through simulation. The result indicates that our proposal can guarantee higher security and transmission rates compared to the conventional DL04 QSDC.
LeLISA: a new lectin-based immunoassay for evaluation of mucins and pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL)
Authors: Fagerhol Magne K. , Franco-Lie Isabel , Waage Anne , Hetland Geir , Hauge Truls 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background The discrimination of mucinous from serous pancreatic cysts and pseudocysts is an important clinical issue. We established an assay to detect different types of carbohydrate containing molecules like glycans and mucins in biological materials and have called it the LeLISA. The method implies a certain specificity since different lectins bind predominantly to certain di -or oligosaccharides that may appear typically on certain cell types or, as a consequence of cell transformations often called aberrant mucin expression. The presence, or absence of reactivity with some lectins may be associated with different pathological conditions and may therefore have diagnostic implications, for instance in differentiation of pancreatic cysts. We aimed at detecting mucin-calprotectin (Cp)complexes (Muc/Cp) bound to lectin (Le) coated wells using enzyme labelled anti-Cp.Materials and methods The LeLISA is a special type of ELISA where the catching antibody is replaced by a Le. Eight different randomly selected lectins were used for coating of microwells and subsequently incubated with pancreatic cyst fluids collected via endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) from patients with mucinous, serous cysts and pseudocysts, 10 patients in each group. The diagnosis was confirmed through histopathological examination of surgical specimens and follow-up after initial diagnosis. The binding of Muc/Cp to lectins was demonstrated by a new type of ELISA where cyst fluids were incubated in microwells coated with different types of lectins followed by enzyme (HRP) labelled monoclonal anti-Cp. The name LeLISA was introduced for this new procedure.Results Muc/Cpin cyst fluids bound to several of the eight lectins tested, in particular to Galanthus nivalis, Agaricus blazei Murill and Phaseolus vulgaris. This was especially noticeable for fluids from mucin-producing cysts.Conclusions Cyst fluids contain complexes with Cp and mucins. The LeLISA may be a new method for detection of aberrant mucin expression and possibly a way of discriminating between different types of pancreatic cysts, in particular when the Galanthus lectin and enzyme labelled anti-Cp monoclonals are used. The binding to lectins depends upon certain carbohydrate sequences recognized by the individual lectin.
A Distance Based Similarity Measure on Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers and its Applications
Authors: P Dhanasekaran , Kalidasan S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this article, a novel distance based similarity measure between any two trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TraIFNs) is de ned and some of its important properties are proved and validated by numerical examples. It consists of two interrelated modules. In the rst module consists of distance based similarity measure between TraIFNs and it is used for ranking procedure. For the second module, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is used for real life application problems under TraIFN environment. The e ectiveness of the proposed distance based similarity measure between TraIFNs is examined by solving the real life applications such as multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method, pattern recognition problems and also compared over familiar existing methods. Finally, we obtain a general conclusions and future scope of the proposed method.
Albendazole metabolites excretion in human saliva: a biomarker to assess treatment compliance in mass drug administration (MDA) anthelmintic programs
Authors: Nieves E. , Cimino R. , Krolewiecki A. , Juarez M. , Lanusse C. , Alvarez L. , Ceballos L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Soil-transmitted-helminth (STH) infections continue to be a persistent global public health problem. Control strategies for STH have been based on the use of mass drug administration (MDA). Coverage and compliance assessment, currently based on reporting methods, is critical to understanding the true effectiveness of albendazole (ABZ) in those MDA programs. The aims of this work were to characterize the pattern of albendazole and metabolites excretion in human saliva, and to develop a saliva-based biomarker (HPLC drug/metabolite detection) useful to accurately estimate the coverage/compliance in MDA campaigns. The study subjects were 12 healthy volunteers treated with a single oral dose of ABZ (400 mg). Saliva and blood (dried blood spot, DBS) samples were taken previously and between 2–72 h post-treatment. The samples were analyzed by HPLC with UV detection. ABZ sulphoxide was the main analyte recovered up to 72 h p.t. in blood and saliva. The concentration profiles measured in the blood (DBS samples) were higher (P < 0.05) than those in saliva, however, this ABZ-metabolite was recovered longer in saliva. The in vivo measurement of drugs/metabolites in saliva samples from ABZ-treated volunteers offers strong scientific evidence to support the use of saliva as a valid biomarker for assessing compliance in MDA programs.
Multiple tori intermittency routes to strange nonchaotic attractors in a quasiperiodically-forced piecewise smooth system
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Zhang Yongxiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The multi-torus intermittent paths of strange nonchaotic attractors in quasi-periodic forced piecewise smooth systems are investigated. Due to Farey tree bifurcations, different tori are converted to intermittent strange nonchaotic attractors through a series of non-smooth saddle-node bifurcations. First, the singularity is observed by the phase diagrams, and then the non-chaos is determined by calculating the maximum Lyapunov exponent. Then some characteristics of SNAs are described by analyzing the change of phase sensitive function with the number of tori, the structure of recursive plot and the finite-time Lyapunov exponential distribution. What is different from previous studies about SNAs is that the distribution of the finite-time Lyapunov exponents peaks at extremely negative values, while the positive tail of the distribution decreases in a linear manner.
Remediation of copper-contaminated soils and growth enhancement of Pakchoi via biofertilizers composed of new Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYNU1
Authors: He Haisheng , Bao Sijia , Wu Yannan , Tong Deli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds: Copper contaminants are harmful to soil, microbes, plants and humans and can be remediated by biosorption. Applying biofertilizers to remediate copper contaminated soil is an environmentally friendly way.
Results: In this study, we identified a new strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYNU1, based on morphological, biochemical, physiological, and phylogenetic analyses. It can be cultured on Luria-Bertani (LB) medium and absorb soluble Cu2+ from pH 3.5-5 and 25-40 °C at Cu2+ concentrations of 100 mg L-1. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of copper by strain SYNU1 is 53.09% w/w. Furthermore, microbe fertilizers were made based on strain SYNU1, these fertilizers were allowed to ferment for 15 d, and they were used for remediation of copper-contaminated soil and growth tests of Pakchoi (B. chinensis L) in pot experiments. The results showed that the growth of Pakchoi planted in copper-contaminated soil at concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 mg kg-1 was inhibited, and its growth indices, such as plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight, decreased significantly with increasing copper concentration. Compared with the control, the increases in plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight of Pakchoi treated with biofertilizer were 10.37%, 65.3% and 67.78%, respectively, indicating that biofertilizer could significantly promote the growth of Pakchoi.
Conclusions:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYNU1 is useful for the bioremediation of Cu2+-contaminated soil in Northeast China.
Analgesic Effect of the Ultrasound-guided Thoracolumbar Paravertebral Block in Patients Undergoing Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Nephrectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yin Guojiang , Li Yue , Wei Pengxiao , Ma Xuyuan , Li Bixi , Gan Guosheng , Song Xiaoyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Paravertebral block has the same effect as epidural anesthesia, and has good somatic and visceral analgesic effect. Paravertebral block is widely used in thoracic surgery, but rarely used in abdominal surgery.
Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of thoracolumbar paravertebral block in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy.
Methods
One hundred patients undergoing elective robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy were included in this study. Based on whether the thoracolumbar paravertebral block was performed, the patients were randomly divided into the thoracolumbar paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia group (TL-PVB group) and simple general anesthesia group (NO-PVB group). Oxycodone was administered for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). The primary outcomes included the amount of remifentanil used during surgery, the amount of oxycodone used in 24 and 48 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included the changes of heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), time for the first analgesia administration, visual analog score (VAS) of pain during rest and movement, and time of postoperative recovery.
Results
Compared to the NO-PVB group, the amount of remifentanil used during surgery in patients with TL-PVB group was significantly reduced (1.78 ± 0.37 mg vs. 3.09 ± 0.48 mg, p < 0.001), the amount of oxycodone used 24 hours after surgery was significantly reduced (8.70 ± 1.70 mg vs. 13.79 ± 2.74 mg, p < 0.001), and the amount of oxycodone used 48 hours after surgery was remarkably reduced (21.83 ± 4.28 mg vs. 27.27 ± 4.76 mg, p < 0.001). There were significant differences in the changes of HR and MAP between the two groups (p < 0.001). The first analgesic requirement time of TL-PVB group was significantly longer than that of NO-PVB group (468.56 ± 169.60 min vs. 113.48 ± 37.26 min, p < 0.001). The postoperative VAS during rest and movement of TL-PVB group were significantly lower than that of NO-PVB group (p < 0.01). Compared with NO-PVB group, patients in TL-PVB group needed shorter time to awaken from anesthesia, leave the operating room, anal exhaust, get out of bed, and had shorter length of postoperative hospital stay (p < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative adverse reactions were lower in the TL-PVB group than that in the NO-PVB group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Ultrasound-guided thoracolumbar paravertebral block significantly reduces intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption, and provides better analgesia in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy, which is a recommendable combined anesthesia technique.
Trial registration
ChiCTR2200061326, 21/06/2022
Glabridin Reduces Neuroinflammation by Modulating Inflammatory Signals in LPS-induced in Vitro and in Vivo Models
Authors: Weng Jiyu , Wang Ying , Tan Zekai , Yuan Yanghe , Huang Shiyuan , Li Zexi , Li Yiming , Zhang Lanyue , Du Zhiyun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Chronic neuroinflammation has become one of the important causes of common neurodegeneration disease. Therefore, the target of this study was to explore the protective action of glabridin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vivo and in vitro and its mechanism.
Methods
The neuroinflammation model was established by LPS-induced BV2 cells. The cell viability with various concentrations of glabridin was determined by MTT assay, and the content of NO in each group was detected. A neuroinflammatory model was established in male C57BL/6J mice for water maze test. Subsequently, NF-κB and SOD indices were measured by ELISA, GFAP and IBA-1 indices were measured by immunofluorescence, and Nissl staining was used to explore the Nissl bodies in the hippocampus of mice.
Results
In vitro experiments, our results expressed that glabridin could markedly increase the cell activity of LPS-induced BV2 cells and reduce the NO expression in cells. It indicated that glabridin had a remarkable impact on the neuroinflammation of LPS-induced BV2 cells protection. In vivo neuroinflammation experiments, mice treated with different doses of glabridin showed significantly improved ability of memory compared with the LPS group in the Morris water maze test. The levels of NF-κB, GFAP, and the number of positive cells in Nissl staining were decreased. High-dose glabridin significantly increased the SOD content in the brain tissue and decreased the IBA-1 levels.
Conclusion
Glabridin can significantly reduce or even reverse LPS-induced neuroinflammation, which may be related with the fact that glabridin can reduce the NO expression, NF-κB, IBA-1, GFAP, and other inflammatory mediators, upregulate the expression of SOD to relieve oxidative stress of brain, and inhibit the activation of gliocyte in brain tissue.