bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial optimization of nutrient reduction measures on agricultural land to improve water quality: A coupled modeling approach
Authors: Brouwer Roy , Pinto Rute , Garcia‐Hernandez Jorge , Li Xingtong , Macrae Merrin , Rajsic Predrag , Yang Wanhong , Liu Yongbo , Anderson Mark , Heyming Louise 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to identify the optimal spatial distribution of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce total phosphorus (TP) runoff from agricultural land in the largest Canadian watershed draining into Lake Erie, the Great Lake most vulnerable to eutrophication. BMP measures include reduced fertilizer application, cover crops, buffer strips, and the restoration of wetlands. Environmental SWAT model results feed into a spatial optimization procedure using two separate objective functions to distinguish between public BMP program implementation costs (PIC) on the one hand and farmers’ private pollution abatement costs (PAC) on the other hand. The latter account for the opportunity costs of land retirement and changing land productivity. PAC are initially lower than PIC but exceed the latter after 30% of the annual TP baseline load is eliminated. This suggests that under optimal conditions existing grant and incentive payments cover the economic costs farmers face up to a maximum of 30% of the baseline load reduction. Imposing further reductions of up to 40% results in a cost to farmers of almost $52 million per year. This is 45% higher than the optimal solution based on PIC and therefore not deemed incentive‐compatible under the watershed's existing cost‐sharing scheme.
Meniscal disruption associated with septic arthritis in three neonatal foals
Authors: Johnson Jessica P. , Pompermayer Endrigo , Oikawa Masa‐aki , Vinardell Tatiana , Ali Mohammad , Puchalski Sarah , David Florent 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe objective of this study was to report clinical characteristics, surgical management and medium‐term (6–12 months) outcomes of three Arabian neonatal foals with meniscal disruption associated with septic arthritis of the lateral femorotibial joint. The three neonatal Arabian foals with septic arthritis of the lateral femorotibial joint (LFTJ), were diagnosed with disruption of the lateral meniscal (LM). Suspicion of meniscal pathology was based on ultrasonography, computed tomography (in 2 foals) and confirmed during arthroscopy. Treatment included arthroscopic debridement and lavage of the joint with debridement of the meniscal disruption. Postoperative care included systemic and intra‐articular antimicrobials, based on culture and sensitivity results. Two of the foals received intra‐articular injections of autologous mesenchymal stem cells. Marked LM disruption was observed in the LFTJ of the affected joints of all foals, involving the meniscal body (n = 3) and caudal horn (n = 1). Purulent material within the torn tissue was debrided with a synovial resector. Foal 1 was lame‐free as a yearling. Foal 2 was lame at walk at 7.5 months and euthanised due to poor prognosis. Foal 3 showed mild lameness at trot in a straight line at 6 months. Disruption of the LM continued to be visible on US in both foals at these timepoints. It was concluded that meniscal disruption and infection should be considered as a differential in neonatal foals with persistent femorotibial septic arthritis. In such cases, the LM could be the primary nidus of infection.
Is the association of sexual quality with relationship satisfaction really stronger when the sexual relationship is functioning poorly?
Authors: Busby Dean M. , Leonhardt Nathan D. , Hanna‐Walker Veronica , Leavitt Chelom E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to bring empirical evidence to the oft‐quoted assumption that sexual quality has a stronger association with the overall relationship when sexuality is dysfunctional as compared to when it is optimal. Using three national samples to analyze a structural equation model, the results verified this assumption with some adaptations. There was an interaction between the association of sexual quality and the overall relationship depending on how sexually satisfied couples were in the sexuality area. However, it was when sexuality was only moderately satisfying rather than at high or low levels that it had the strongest associations with relationship satisfaction. Also, female sexual quality had a significant association with both partner's relationship satisfaction whereas male's sexual quality only had actor effects. Additionally, the sexual relationship had a stronger association with relationship satisfaction and dissatisfaction for couples who reported both low levels of sexual satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
Controlling biases in targeted plant removal experiments
Authors: Monteux Sylvain , Blume‐Werry Gesche , Gavazov Konstantin , Kirchhoff Leah , Krab Eveline J. , Lett Signe , Pedersen Emily P. , Väisänen Maria 
Published: December 2023

Summary

Targeted removal experiments are a powerful tool to assess the effects of plant species or (functional) groups on ecosystem functions. However, removing plant biomass in itself can bias the observed responses. This bias is commonly addressed by waiting until ecosystem recovery, but this is inherently based on unverified proxies or anecdotal evidence. Statistical control methods are efficient, but restricted in scope by underlying assumptions.

We propose accounting for such biases within the experimental design, using a gradient of biomass removal controls. We demonstrate the relevance of this design by presenting (1) conceptual examples of suspected biases and (2) how to observe and control for these biases.

Using data from a mycorrhizal association‐based removal experiment, we show that ignoring biomass removal biases (including by assuming ecosystem recovery) can lead to incorrect, or even contrary conclusions (e.g. false positive and false negative). Our gradient design can prevent such incorrect interpretations, regardless of whether aboveground biomass has fully recovered.

Our approach provides more objective and quantitative insights, independently assessed for each variable, than using a proxy to assume ecosystem recovery. Our approach circumvents the strict statistical assumptions of, for example, ANCOVA and thus offers greater flexibility in data analysis.
Concepts and consequences of the hyphosphere core microbiome for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal fitness and function
Authors: Wang Letian , George Timothy S. , Feng Gu 
Published: December 2023

SummaryArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi‐associated hyphosphere microbiomes can be considered as the second genome of the mycorrhizal phosphorus uptake pathway. Their composition can be thought of as a stably recurring component of a holobiont, defined by the hyphosphere core microbiome, which is thought to benefit AM fungal fitness. Here, we review evidence indicating the existence of the hyphosphere core microbiome, highlight its functions linked to those functions lacking in AM fungi, and further explore the mechanisms by which different core members ensure their stable coexistence. We conclude that deciphering and utilizing the hyphosphere core microbiome provides an entry point for understanding the complex interactions among plants, AM fungi, and bacteria.
Granivore abundance shapes mutualism quality in plant–scatterhoarder interactions
Authors: Zwolak Rafał , Clement Dale , Sih Andrew , Schreiber Sebastian J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Conditional mutualisms involve costs and benefits that vary with environmental factors, but mechanisms driving these dynamics remain poorly understood. Scatterhoarder–plant interactions are a prime example of this phenomenon, as scatterhoarders can either increase or reduce plant recruitment depending on the balance between seed dispersal and predation.
We explored factors that drive the magnitude of net benefits for plants in this interaction using a mathematical model, with parameter values based on European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and yellow‐necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis). We measured benefits as the percentage of germinating seeds, and examined how varying rodent survival (reflecting, e.g. changes in predation pressure), the rate of seed loss to other granivores, the abundance of alternative food resources, and changes in masting patterns affect the quality of mutualism.
We found that increasing granivore abundance can degrade the quality of plant–scatterhoarder mutualism due to increased cache pilferage. Scatterhoarders are predicted to respond by increasing immediate consumption of gathered seeds, leading to higher costs and reduced benefits for plants.
Thus, biotic changes that are detrimental to rodent populations can be beneficial for tree recruitment due to adaptive behavior of rodents. When scatterhoarder populations decline too drastically (< 5 individuals ha−1); however, tree recruitment may also suffer.
Early‐responsive molecular signatures associated with halophytic adaptation in Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.)
Authors: Kulkarni Jayant , Sahoo Sripati A. , Herzyk Pawel , Barvkar Vitthal T. , Kumar Sanjukta A. , Ravichandran Janani , Samal Areejit , Amtmann Anna , Borde Mahesh , Suprasanna Penna , Srivastava Ashish K. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSesuvium portulacastrum (L.) is a halophyte, adapted to grow naturally under saline environments. The ability to use Na and K interchangeably indicated its facultative halophyte nature. No significant growth reduction occurs in seedlings up to 250 mM NaCl, except for curling of the youngest leaf. Within 8 h of salt treatment, seedlings accumulate proline, glycine betaine and other amino acids in both root and shoot. Despite a continued increase of tissue Na content, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) decreases between 8 and 24 h of salt exposure, indicating transcriptional restoration after the initial osmotic challenge. At 8 h, upregulated genes mainly encode transporters and transcription factors, while genes in growth‐related pathways such as photosynthesis and ribosome‐associated biogenesis are suppressed. Overexpression of SpRAB18 (an ABA‐responsive dehydrin), one of the most strongly induced DEGs, in soybean was found to increase biomass in control conditions and the growth benefit was maintained when plants were grown in 100 mM NaCl, indicating conservation of function in halophyte and glycophyte. An open‐access transcriptome database “SesuviumKB” (https://cb.imsc.res.in/sesuviumkb/) was developed to involve the scientific community in wide‐scale functional studies of S. portulacastrum genes, that could pave the way to engineer salt tolerance in crops.
Utilizing high‐resolution ribosome profiling for the global investigation of gene expression in Chlamydomonas
Authors: Gotsmann Vincent Leon , Ting Michael Kien Yin , Haase Nadin , Rudorf Sophia , Zoschke Reimo , Willmund Felix 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYRibosome profiling (Ribo‐seq) is a powerful method for the deep analysis of translation mechanisms and regulatory circuits during gene expression. Extraction and sequencing of ribosome‐protected fragments (RPFs) and parallel RNA‐seq yields genome‐wide insight into translational dynamics and post‐transcriptional control of gene expression. Here, we provide details on the Ribo‐seq method and the subsequent analysis with the unicellular model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlamydomonas) for generating high‐resolution data covering more than 10 000 different transcripts. Detailed analysis of the ribosomal offsets on transcripts uncovers presumable transition states during translocation of elongating ribosomes within the 5′ and 3′ sections of transcripts and characteristics of eukaryotic translation termination, which are fundamentally distinct for chloroplast translation. In chloroplasts, a heterogeneous RPF size distribution along the coding sequence indicates specific regulatory phases during protein synthesis. For example, local accumulation of small RPFs correlates with local slowdown of psbA translation, possibly uncovering an uncharacterized regulatory step during PsbA/D1 synthesis. Further analyses of RPF distribution along specific cytosolic transcripts revealed characteristic patterns of translation elongation exemplified for the major light‐harvesting complex proteins, LHCs. By providing high‐quality datasets for all subcellular genomes and attaching our data to the Chlamydomonas reference genome, we aim to make ribosome profiles easily accessible for the broad research community. The data can be browsed without advanced bioinformatic background knowledge for translation output levels of specific genes and their splice variants and for monitoring genome annotation.
ZmTDM1 encodes a tetratricopeptide repeat domain protein and is required for meiotic exit in maize
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhao Shuang‐Hui , He Yan 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYElaborate cell‐cycle control must be adopted to ensure the continuity of the meiotic second division and termination after that. Despite its importance, however, the genetic controls underlying the meiotic cell cycle have not been reported in maize. Here, we characterized a meiotic cell‐cycle controller ZmTDM1, which is a homolog of Arabidopsis TDM1 and encodes a canonical tetratricopeptide repeat domain protein in maize. The Zmtdm1 homozygous plants exhibited complete male sterility and severe female abortion. In Zmtdm1 mutants, cell‐cycle progression was almost identical to that of wild type from leptotene to anaphase II. However, chromosomes in the tetrad failed meiotic termination at the end of the second division and underwent additional divisions in succession without DNA replication, reducing the ploidy to less than haploid in the product. In addition, two ZmTDM1‐like homologs (ZmTDML1 and ZmTDML2) were not functional in meiotic cell‐cycle control. Moreover, ZmTDM1 interacted with RING‐type E3 ubiquitin ligase, revealing that it acts as a subunit of the APC/C E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Overall, our results identified a regulator of meiotic cell cycle in maize and demonstrated that ZmTDM1 is essential for meiotic exit after meiosis II.
The Dynamics of Tuberculosis through BSEIR Model with Immigration in Malaysia
Authors: Tamhaji Nur Hazimah , Hamdan Nur 'Izzati 
Published: December 2023

Tuberculosis or known as TB is an airborne disease that exists in Malaysia caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Despite that, TB infection is curable with early diagnosis and treatment. The disease can be prevented through Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, which is given among infants at birth. Numerous mathematical models on infectious diseases have been formulated in earlier studies since it is crucial to comprehend infectious disease transmission patterns and predict future outcomes. However, there is minimal study on the dynamics of TB transmission, particularly in Malaysia concerning immigration. Hence, this study aims to formulate a mathematical BCG-vaccinated, susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered (BSEIR) model for TB infection in Malaysia by considering the immigration parameter. The model parameters are obtained from the literature and some with reported data in 2013 as initial value for the simulation using MAPLE software. The obtained results revealed that the basic reproduction number, for the model is more than one. The graphical plot shows that the BSEIR model with immigration demonstrates a rise in TB-infected cases. The best strategy to lessen the number of infected individuals in Malaysia is by increasing the transmission rate and recovery rate. Additionally, the local stability analysis on the diseases-free equilibrium point and sensitivity analysis of its parameter is also provided and discussed. To conclude, a proper screening test should be mandated by the authorities before permitting new immigrants and refugees into Malaysia.
Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of Geniotrigona thoracica Propolis Extracts Derived from Different Locations in Malaysia
Authors: Idris Lini , Adli Muhammad Amirul , Yaacop Nurul Najihah , Mohd Zohdi Rozaini 
Published: December 2023

Propolis, a natural resinous substance secreted by bees, has garnered considerable interest due to its diverse bioactive compounds and potential health benefits. Nevertheless, the phytochemical composition of propolis exhibits significant variation, influenced by multiple factors including geographical region, and botanical origin. These determinants exert profound effects on the distinctive properties and biological diversities of propolis. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of Geniotrigona thoracica propolis extracts collected from three apiary sites, designated as apiary A, apiary B, and apiary C, located in different regions within Selangor. The ethanolic extracts of propolis were prepared using 70% of ethanol and subjected to phytochemical screening to identify the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and cardiac glycosides, whilst the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Additionally, the antioxidant activities of the propolis extracts were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and cardiac glycosides in all propolis extracts. The propolis from apiary A exhibited significantly higher TPC (302.21 ± 0.11 mg/mL GAE) and TFC values (99.08 ± 0.03 mg/mL QE) compared to apiary B and C. The results also indicated that propolis from apiary A possessed significantly higher antioxidant activities, with IC₅₀ value of DPPH at 25.27 μg/mL and FRAP value of 727.53 ± 0.09 μM Fe²+, in comparison to apiary B and C. A strong correlation was observed between TPC, TFC, and IC₅₀ of DPPH. This study highlights significant variations in the phytochemical compositions and antioxidant activities of propolis samples collected from different geographical and botanical sources. Further investigation is in progress to identify the specific phytochemical constituents responsible for these variations.
The Impact of Multimorbidity Patterns on Changes in Physical Activity and Physical Capacity Among Older Adults Participating in a Year-Long Exercise Intervention
Authors: Savikangas Tiina , Savolainen Taija , Tirkkonen Anna , Alén Markku , Hautala Arto J. , Laukkanen Jari A. , Rantalainen Timo , Törmäkangas Timo , Sipilä Sarianna 
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the impact of multimorbidity patterns on physical activity and capacity outcomes over the course of a year-long exercise intervention, and on physical activity 1 year later. Participants were 314 physically inactive community-dwelling men and women aged 70–85 years, with no contraindications for exercise at baseline. Physical activity was self-reported. Physical capacity measurements included five-time chair-stand time, 6-minute walking distance, and maximal isometric knee-extension strength. The intervention included supervised and home-based strength, balance, and walking exercises. Multimorbidity patterns comprised physician-diagnosed chronic disease conditions as a predictor cluster and body mass index as a measure of obesity. Multimorbidity patterns explained 0%–12% of baseline variance and 0%–3% of the change in outcomes. The magnitude and direction of the impact of unique conditions varied by outcome, time point, and sex. Multimorbid older adults with no contraindications for exercise may benefit from multimodal physical training.
Quorum-sensing gene regulates hormetic effects induced by sulfonamides in Comamonadaceae
Authors: Lin Hui , Ning Xue , Wang Donglin , Wang Qiaojuan , Bai Yaohui , Qu Jiuhui 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Hormesis is a toxicological phenomenon whereby exposure to low-dose stress results in the stimulation of various biological endpoints. Among these, the induction of cell proliferation by antibiotics is critical, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that sulfonyl-containing chemicals (e.g., sulfonamides) can induce cell proliferation hormesis in
Comamonas testosteroni
. An investigation of the hormesis mechanism revealed that low-dose sulfonamides potentially interact with the
LuxR
-type quorum-sensing protein LuxR solo, thereby triggering the transcription of 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, a key enzyme of fatty acid β-oxidation. This provides additional ATP, NADPH, and acetyl-CoA for macromolecule biosynthesis, allowing cells to synthesize sufficient nucleotides to support rapid cell growth. Our work reports on a previously unknown mechanism for the hormetic effect and highlights its generality in the Comamonadaceae family.

IMPORTANCE

Antibiotics can induce dose-dependent hormetic effects on bacterial cell proliferation, i.e., low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. However, the underlying molecular basis has yet to be clarified. Here, we showed that sulfonamides play dual roles as a weapon and signal against
Comamonas testosteroni
that can modulate cell physiology and phenotype. Subsequently, through investigating the hormesis mechanism, we proposed a comprehensive regulatory pathway for the hormetic effects of
Comamonas testosteroni
low-level sulfonamides and determined the generality of the observed regulatory model in the Comamonadaceae family. Considering the prevalence of Comamonadaceae in human guts and environmental ecosystems, we provide critical insights into the health and ecological effects of antibiotics.