bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Cordia macleodii
Authors: Adile Sangeeta , Seth Rohit 
Published: February 2024

Cordia macleodii is one of the widely used traditional medicinal herbs. The current work was undertaken to systematically extract bioactive components from the fresh plant parts and evaluate their antioxidant potential. Using ethanol as the solvent, volatile chemical components were extracted from the plant material by Soxhlet extraction. Subsequently, GC-HR-MS and FTIR analysis were used to further evaluate the extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and 2,2'- Azinobis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS)] were used to evaluate the antioxidant potentialof the extract in vitro. Quantification of total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) was done against standard solutions of quercetin and gallic acid, which were used in the study as positive controls. The GC-HR-MS analysis reveals two bioactive compounds [(1H)- pyrrol-3-propanoic acid,2 ethoxy carbonyl-4-ethoxy carbonyl methyl]-5,5’-methylene, bis-diethyl ester and Spino [9,9’] difluorene,2,2’-[2,5,8,11-tetraoxado decane-1,12-diye). The FTIR spectrum showed that there were several different functional groups present. Findings of in vitroantioxidant tests revealed that the leaves had the highest total phenolic content (402.19 ± 0.025 mg GAE/g), the highest total phenolic content (93.59 ± 0.01), and the highest ABTS (102.59 ± 0.001) of any plant. To fully evaluate this plant's therapeutic potential, more pharmacognostic research is required.
Keywords: GC-HR-MS, FTIR, TPC, TFC, Antioxidant
СУЧАСНІ КОРАБЛІ ТА ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНИКІВ – НОВА ЕРА ДЛЯ МОРСЬКИХ КОМУНІКАЦІЙ
Authors: Qasim Nameer Hashim , Al-Helli Hayder Imran , Savelieva Iryna , Jawad Aqeel Mahmood 
Published: February 2024

У статті досліджуються зміни, які відбулися в результаті інтеграції безпілотних літальних апаратів (БПЛА) у повсякдення морської діяльності, з особливим акцентом на потенціал безпілотних літальних апаратів, або так званих дронів, для вирішення наявних проблем і підвищення продуктивності морського транспорту. Це дослідження розпочинає поглиблене вивчення предметної теми з метою надання цінного розуміння проблем, пов’язаних із сучасним морським зв’язком. Висунуто пропозицію про інтеграцію дронів у комунікаційні мережі, адже таке включення підвищить їхню надійність і ефективність, особливо в географічно ізольованих районах і несприятливих погодних умовах. Ідея пройшла суворе тестування й оцінку за допомогою серії випробувань, серед яких комп’ютерне моделювання, а також випробування в реальних умовах з використанням різноманітних кораблів і безпілотних літальних апаратів. Результати обґрунтовують висунуті гіпотези, вказуючи на більшу поширеність відкритого спілкування, посилене впровадження превентивних заходів і посилений збір даних. Використання безпілотних літальних апаратів, серед іншого, сприяє покращенню ситуаційної обізнаності серед людей, що є критичним чинником у запобіганні морським аваріям. Використання безпілотних літальних апаратів полегшило дослідження раніше недоступних територій, що дозволило проводити наукову діяльність у цих місцях. Важливість цього питання важко переоцінити, оскільки воно має значні наслідки як для добробуту людей, так і для збереження планети. Результати дослідження показують, що інтеграція дронів у морські операції забезпечить значне підвищення ефективності роботи, водночас сприятиме модернізації морського зв’язку та створенню протоколів безпеки. У статті ми розглядаємо потенційні переваги та недоліки цієї нової технологічної парадигми та пропонуємо сфери, де потрібне додаткове дослідження.
Pelatihan Perencanaan Karir Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kematangan Karir Pada Siswa Madrasah Aliyah (MA)
Authors: Syaifussalam Muhammad Lathief , Wigati Meilia , Wilantika Rima , Hanifah Raidah , Fertha Fitria 
Published: February 2024

Madrasah Aliyah (MA) students. The method used in training is through lectures, discussions, assignments, questions and answers. The presenter delivers psychoeducation about careers to open up insight into the benefits and importance of careers for students, self-awareness to increase self-awareness, Johari window to increase knowledge about oneself, set the goals using the SMART method, reveal one's potential through SWOT analysis, and personality analysis through the RIASEC test to determine the suitability of personality with the desired career. Measurements were carried out twice. The first measurement (pre-test) is carried out before implementing the program to determine the initial conditions for student career decision-making. The second measurement (post-test) is carried out after students receive career training. Next, the results of the pre-test and post-test data were statistically analyzed using a paired-sample t-test using SPSS 23.0 for Windows. The results of the PKM activities carried out show that career planning training is able to increase the career maturity of MA students. Students' understanding of themselves will help them determine their career plans in accordance with their interests and talents.Keyword : career maturity; career training; students
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) Mesin Pencari Informasi Pada Pesantren Bahrul Uluum Al-Kamal Asahan
Authors: Suparmadi Suparmadi , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Akmal Akmal 
Published: February 2024

The use of Artificial Intelligence Technology aims to develop knowledge through information search engines so that it can help students, teachers and schools. The targets that will become benchmarks in community service include various counseling, presentations and questions and answers. With technology involving artificial intelligence in it, it makes it easier for pupils and students to search for information obtained from various sources. This data collection technique is interviews with previously prepared data, both observation and documentation and using relevant library methods. The aim of this service at the Bahrul Uluum Al Kamal Asahan Islamic boarding school is in the field of religious knowledge and can also understand Artificial Intelligence. By providing community service, it can help and increase knowledge outside of religious knowledge, namely artificial intelligence. Apart from that, it is also able to invite the community to be directly involved in its development. Keywords: IT; artificial intelligence; information systems
A Built-In Guidance System to Monitor Vital Signs in Space and on Earth
Authors: Huerta Roger , Kaduk Sylwia Izabela , Fatai Lukas , Rusch Hakon , Weber Tobias , Sammito Stefan 
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION: Different types of remote expeditions often require an expedition crew to conduct medical emergency assessments without prior medical training. Modern technology offers new devices that support diagnosis with a simple guided user instructions interface. It is not yet clear how quickly medically untrained individuals can acquire the required skills with such a device. This study investigated the time and quality of obtained outcomes, as well as the mental workload when using a vital signs monitor and its guided procedure interface during a simulation of a medical emergency event.
METHODS: There were 50 individuals (25 medically inexperienced, 25 medically trained) who participated in this study. In a randomized order subjects measured electrocardiography, noninvasive blood pressure, pulse oximetry, and body temperature. The procedure was repeated after a 20-min break. Completion time, data validity, and mental workload were analyzed.
RESULTS: Average times to obtain stable and reliable signals of all recorded vital signs were significantly shorter for both groups during the second attempt and for medically experienced individuals in comparison to medically inexperienced individuals. The number of errors did not change between attempts for both groups. The mental workload was higher during the first attempt in both groups for most vital sign acquisitions.
DISCUSSION: Automated devices could be easily and quickly used by members of a given expedition, even if the crew lacks advanced medical training. With relatively little training provided by a built-in guidance system, medically untrained individuals can achieve a basic level of proficiency in reliably obtaining valid vital signs.
Huerta R, Kaduk SI, Fatai L, Rusch H, Weber T, Sammito S. A built-in guidance system to monitor vital signs in space and on Earth. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(3):139–146.
Aesthetic experience in technology education – the role of aesthetics for learning in lower secondary school robotic programming
Authors: Andrée Maria , Anderhag Per , Björnhammer Sebastian , Salomonsson Niklas 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionWithin the technology education research field, aesthetics has primarily been treated as either related to artifacts, design processes and innovation, or as related to students’ enjoyment, appreciation, and participation in technology and technology education. This study focuses on the role of aesthetics in technology learning more specifically the learning of programming. Previous research has pointed to aesthetics as important for the learning of programming, e.g., that programming activities in higher education typically involve experiences of frustration. While previous research is primarily based on student reports, there is a need for further exploration of processes of learning to program. The aim of this study is to explore the role of aesthetics for student learning to program in and what these processes may mean in relation to a disciplinary aesthetics of the technology subject.MethodsThe study was part of a design-based study with the overall purpose to develop the teaching of programming in lower secondary school. Data was collected from a programming task designed and implemented in school-year 9 (the students were aged 15–16) in Technology in two lower secondary classes. In total, three teachers participated in the implementation. The students pair-programmed Lego robots that should perform specific movements, such as following a curved line. Each group recorded their coding process along with audio, resulting in videos that documented the gradual evolution of their programs. These videos, capturing the real-time programming and associated student and teacher conversations, serve as the data for this study. In order to analyze the role of aesthetics in classroom conversations a Practical Epistemology Analysis was applied.ResultsThe results show that aesthetic judgments were important for orienting learning toward (1) the movement of the robot and (2) the ways to be in the programming activity. During the programming activity, the students expressed feelings of frustration but also joy and humor.DiscussionThe findings concur with previous research and contribute to further understanding the role of negative and positive aesthetic experiences in the teaching and learning of programming. The importance of the objects of aesthetic experience found in this study are discussed as part of a disciplinary aesthetic of programming.
Peripheral artery disease mediating the effect of metabolic syndrome related diseases on lower limb ulcers: Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhang Zhe , Zou Linxuan , Zhang Juewei , Jia Zhuqiang , Zhao Lin , Han Xin , Sun Xiaohong , Zhang Zhen , Zong Junwei , Wang Shouyu 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPrevious observational studies have demonstrated a correlation between metabolic syndrome related diseases and an elevated susceptibility to ulcers of lower limb. It has been suggested that this causal relationship may be influenced by the presence of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Nevertheless, the precise contribution of these factors as determinants of ulcers of lower limb remains largely unexplored.MethodThis research incorporated information on hypertension, BMI, hyperuricemia, type 2 diabetes, PAD, and ulcers of lower limb sourced from the GWAS database. Univariate Mendelian randomization (SVMR) and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) methods were employed to assess the association between metabolic syndrome related diseases, including hypertension, obesity, hyperuricemia, and type 2 diabetes, as well as to investigate whether this association was influenced by PAD.ResultsUnivariate Mendelian randomization analysis showed that genetically predicted hypertension, BMI, and type 2 diabetes were associated with an increased risk of PAD and ulcers of lower limb, and PAD was associated with an increased risk of ulcers of lower limb, but there is no causal relationship between hyperuricemia and ulcers of lower limb. The results of multivariate Mendelian randomization showed that PAD mediated the causal relationship between hypertension, obesity and ulcers of lower limb, but the relationship between type 2 diabetes and ulcers of lower limb was not mediated by PAD.ConclusionHypertension, BMI and type 2 diabetes can increase the risk of ulcers of lower limb, and PAD can be used as a mediator of hypertension and obesity leading to ulcers of lower limb, These findings may inform prevention and intervention strategies directed toward metabolic syndrome and ulcers of lower limb.
Uncovering rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope via population-derived genome refinement and comparative analysis with homologous species
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Wang Shuwen , Wang Dong , Chiu Yunkang , Yang Nan , Lian Xinming , Zhao Zicheng , Wei Qing 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) is a remarkable mammal thriving in the extreme Qinghai-Tibet Plateau conditions. Despite the availability of its genome sequence, limitations in the scaffold-level assembly have hindered a comprehensive understanding of its genomics. Moreover, comparative analyses with other Bovidae species are lacking, along with insights into genome rearrangements in the Tibetan antelope.Methods: Addressing these gaps, we present a multifaceted approach by refining the Tibetan Antelope genome through linkage disequilibrium analysis with data from 15 newly sequenced samples.Results: The scaffold N50 of the refined reference is 3.2 Mbp, surpassing the previous version by 1.15-fold. Our annotation analysis resulted in 50,750 genes, encompassing 29,324 novel genes not previously study. Comparative analyses reveal 182 unique rearrangements within the scaffolds, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary dynamics and species-specific adaptations. Furthermore, by conducting detailed genomic comparisons and reconstructing rearrangements, we have successfully pioneered the reconstruction of the X-chromosome in the Tibetan antelope.Discussion: This effort enhances our comprehension of the genomic landscape of this species.
Global research on RNA vaccines for COVID-19 from 2019 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chen Ziyi , Liu Zhiliang , Feng Yali , Shi Aochen , Wu Liqing , Sang Yi , Li Chenxi 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundSince the global pandemic of COVID-19 has broken out, thousands of pieces of literature on COVID-19 RNA vaccines have been published in various journals. The overall measurement and analysis of RNA vaccines for COVID-19, with the help of sophisticated mathematical tools, could provide deep insights into global research performance and the collaborative architectural structure within the scientific community of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. In this bibliometric analysis, we aim to determine the extent of the scientific output related to COVID-19 RNA vaccines between 2019 and 2023.MethodsWe applied the Bibliometrix R package for comprehensive science mapping analysis of extensive bibliographic metadata retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. On January 11th, 2024, the Web of Science database was searched for COVID-19 RNA vaccine-related publications using predetermined search keywords with specific restrictions. Bradford’s law was applied to evaluate the core journals in this field. The data was analyzed with various bibliometric indicators using the Bibliometrix R package.ResultsThe final analysis included 2962 publications published between 2020 and 2023 while there is no related publication in 2019. The most productive year was 2022. The most relevant leading authors in terms of publications were Ugur Sahin and Pei-Yong, Shi, who had the highest total citations in this field. The core journals were Vaccines, Frontiers in Immunology, and Viruses-Basel. The most frequently used author’s keywords were COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and vaccine. Recent COVID-19 RNA vaccine-related topics included mental health, COVID-19 vaccines in humans, people, and the pandemic. Harvard University was the top-ranked institution. The leading country in terms of publications, citations, corresponding author country, and international collaboration was the United States. The United States had the most robust collaboration with China.ConclusionThe research hotspots include COVID-19 vaccines and the pandemic in people. We identified international collaboration and research expenditure strongly associated with COVID-19 vaccine research productivity. Researchers’ collaboration among developed countries should be extended to low-income countries to expand COVID-19 vaccine-related research and understanding.
Regulation of forager honey bee appetite independent of the glucose-insulin signaling pathway
Authors: Ghanem Saleh , Akülkü İrem , Güzle Kübra , Khan Zaeema , Mayack Christopher 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionTo maintain energetic homeostasis the energetic state of the individual needs to communicate with appetite regulatory mechanisms on a regular basis. Although hunger levels indicated by the energetic state and appetite levels, the desire for food intake, tend to be correlated, and on their own are well studied, how the two cross-talk and regulate one another is less known. Insects, in contrast to vertebrates, tend to have trehalose as the primary sugar found in the hemolymph, which could possibly serve as an alternative monitor of the energetic state in comparison to the glucose-insulin signaling pathway, found in vertebrates. MethodsWe investigate how manipulating hemolymph sugar levels alter the biogenic amines in the honey bee brain, appetite levels, and insulin like peptide gene expression, across three age classes, to determine how the energetic state of the honey bee might be connected to appetite regulation. ResultsWe found that only in the forager bees, with a lowering of hemolymph trehalose levels, there was an increase in octopamine and a decrease in tyramine levels in the honey bee brain that corresponded with increased appetite levels, while there was no significant changes in Insulin Like Peptide-1 or 2 gene expression. DiscussionOur findings suggest that hemolymph trehalose levels aid in regulating appetite levels, in forager bees, via octopamine and tyramine, and this regulation appears to be functioning independent of the glucose insulin signaling pathway. Whether this potentially more direct and rapid appetite regulatory pathway can be generalized to other insects, which also undergo energy demanding activities, remains to be investigated.
Investigating causal associations among gut microbiota, metabolites, and psoriatic arthritis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Xiao , Wu Lin-yun , Wang Shu-yun , Yan Min , Wang Yuan-Hong , Li Li , Sun Zhi-ling , Zhao Ji-Xiang 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundCurrently, there has been observed a significant alteration in the composition of the gut microbiome (GM) and serum metabolites in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to healthy individuals. However, previous observational studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the alteration of gut microbiota/metabolites. In order to shed light on this matter, we utilized Mendelian randomization to determine the causal effect of GM/metabolites on PsA.MethodsWe retrieved summary-level data of GM taxa/metabolites and PsA from publicly available GWAS statistics. Causal relationships between GM/metabolites and PsA were determined using a two-sample MR analysis, with the IVW approach serving as the primary analysis method. To ensure the robustness of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses, multivariable MR analysis (MVMR), and additional analysis including replication verification analysis, LDSC regression, and Steiger test analysis. Furthermore, we investigated reverse causality through a reverse MR analysis. Finally, we conducted an analysis of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) involved in the metabolic pathway to explore potential molecular mechanisms of metabolism.ResultsOur findings reveal that eight GM taxa and twenty-three serum metabolites are causally related to PsA (P&lt; 0.05). Notably, a higher relative abundance of FamilyRikenellaceae(ORIVW: 0.622, 95% CI: 0.438–0.883, FDR = 0.045) and elevated serum levels of X-11538 (ORIVW: 0.442, 95% CI: 0.250–0.781, FDR = 0.046) maintain significant causal associations with a reduced risk of PsA, even after adjusting for multiple testing correction and conducting MVMR analysis. These findings suggest that FamilyRikenellaceaeand X-11538 may have protective effects against PsA. Our sensitivity analysis and additional analysis revealed no significant horizontal pleiotropy, reverse causality, or heterogeneity. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that the eQTLs examined were primarily associated with glycerolipid metabolism and the expression of key metabolic factors influenced by bacterial infections (Vibrio choleraeandHelicobacter pylori) as well as the mTOR signaling pathway.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study demonstrates that FamilyRikenellaceae and X-11538 exhibit a strong and negative causal relationship with PsA. These particular GM taxa and metabolites have the potential to serve as innovative biomarkers, offering valuable insights into the treatment and prevention of PsA. Moreover, bacterial infections and mTOR-mediated activation of metabolic factors may play an important role in this process.