bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syphilis in a blood bank in Argentina: Prevalence trends and risk factors
Authors: Rios Trevisan Ana , Fernandez Carolina , Puppo Mónica , Remesar Mirta Cristina , Roel Macarena , Kuperman Silvina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, there has been a worrying increase in the prevalence of syphilis. Blood banks have a major role in monitoring the trend of these events, despite the bias due to the altruistic donation strategy.ObjectivesTo determine the seroprevalence of syphilis and analyse its association with defined risk factors among blood donors at the regional blood center at Hospital Prof. Dr. J. P. Garrahan, period 2016–2022.Materials and MethodsDonor screening was performed with treponemal and non‐treponemal tests to determine the prevalence of active and past syphilis. Sociodemographic characteristics of donors were analysed and the association with potential risk factors was assessed.ResultsA total of 72 874 donations were processed during the study period. The overall prevalence of specific anti‐Treponema pallidum antibodies was 0.69% (95% CI = 0.63–0.75). Active syphilis seroprevalence was 0.30% (95% CI = 0.25–0.33). Not active syphilis seroprevalence was 0.39% (95% CI = 0.35–0.44). Anti‐T. pallidum seroprevalence among first‐time donations was 1.26% (95% CI = 1.14–1.38) while in repeat donations it was 0.16% (95% CI = 0.12–0.21). In univariate analysis, we found an association between syphilis and having a history of any sexually transmitted infection (OR: 5.09, 95% CI = 2.20–11.70, p < 0.01) and being first‐time donors (OR: 3.48, 95% CI = 1.70–7.09, p = 0.0001).ConclusionAlthough the overall prevalence of syphilis is 0.69%, among repeat donors prevalence as low as 0.16% was found. This demonstrates the need to maintain and improve screening strategies and promotion of voluntary, altruistic and repeat donation.
Mining an Anthropocene in Japan: On the making and work of geological imaginaries
Authors: Dixon Deborah P. , Fearnley Carina J. , Pendleton Mark 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGeology firmly underpins Anthropocene debate, and in particular an Earth Systems Science (ESS) rendering of how lithic and yet‐to‐be‐lithified (or ‘drift’) material, including the tangible evidence of a state‐sponsored carbon capitalism, is reconstituted by anthropogenically ‘forced’ physical processes. The prevalence of this approach hinges in large part on the authority afforded Geology as a science that names, classifies and explains these materials and their spatio‐temporalities (such as the stratigraphies that undergird eras and epochs). We argue that this deployment can: (1) simplify how Geology has diversely framed and explained a planetary history, while glossing over the complex power relations that Geology drew upon as the authoritative narrator of this history, and which it enabled and furthered; and (2) foreclose how the lithic and the drift might be otherwise imagined as part of an Anthropocene condition. We ground this argument by introducing a particular moment of Geological practice: the discovery of a fossil floating fern in a Hashima (Japan) Prospecting Pit. Following an outline of Geology’s place within Anthropocene debate we provide an expanded sense of this science by situating this moment within a series of Geological imaginaries, from a state‐sponsored extractive gaze and ‘romantic’ idioms to a grassroots, practice‐based Geological movement in Japan. Our own practice draws on the latter, and adapts two well established Geological mapping techniques, the Geological Cross‐section and the Geological Stereonet, to visualise not the ordering of materials out of chaos, but their transmogrification. Such speculation as to how the lithic and the drift might be reworked as an Anthropocene material outside of a chronostratigraphy helps create space, we suggest, for a Critical Geology that delves into the dynamic relations between people, the lithic and the drift, identifying not only key problematics but also the resources that can be drawn on to help build a response.
Revisiting Trade and Income in the New Era of Globalisation—Distance, Big Boats and Natural Barriers to Trade
Authors: Gogebakan Anil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the relationship between international trade and income, exploiting a dynamic distance measure generated by the growth of container ships and Panama Canal capacity. Employing a version of the gravity model, this paper constructs an instrument for trade that accounts for bilateral trade flow differences driven by the Panama Canal and big ships. I exploit the created instrument, given its purely geography‐based nature, to estimate the impact of trade on income between 2002 and 2022. This paper finds a trade elasticity of income at 0.4, indicating that a one‐dollar increase in trade translates into a 40‐cent higher income on average. Compared to earlier studies, this indicates a more pronounced impact of trade on income in the recent era of globalisation.
Potential Zoonotic Infections Transmitted by Free‐Ranging Macaques in Human–Monkey Conflict Areas in Thailand
Authors: Suwanpakdee Sarin , Bhusri Benjaporn , Saechin Aeknarin , Mongkolphan Chalisa , Tangsudjai Siriporn , Suksai Parut , Kaewchot Supakarn , Sariwongchan Rattana , Sereerak Piya , Sariya Ladawan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionNonhuman primates (NHPs) can transmit zoonotic diseases to humans because of their close genetic relationship, facilitating the cross‐species transmission of certain pathogens. In Thailand, Macaca is the most common NHP genus and their inhabits area are in close proximity of human, particularly in urban and suburban areas, where frequent interactions with humans increase the risk of pathogen transmission. The risk is influenced by factors such as the type of pathogen, the mode of transmission (e.g. direct contact or vector‐borne), and the density of human and macaque populations in the regions. This study aims to investigate potential zoonotic infections in free‐ranging macaques residing in human–monkey conflict areas.MethodsFrom 2014 to 2023, 2703 macaques across 29 provinces in Thailand were tested for 18 pathogens using PCR, RT‐PCR, or real‐time PCR. The associations between disease occurrence, demographic variables, and sample types of macaques were analysed using univariable and multivariable regression.ResultsThe overall pathogen infection percentage was 35.7% (965/2703). Simian foamy virus (SFV) had the highest infection percentage at 52.5% (759/1446), followed by Herpesviridae at 41.4% (353/852), Plasmodium spp. at 1.8% (14/758), and hepatitis B virus at 0.1% (2/1403). Significant differences were observed among different sampling sites, macaque age groups, and species in infection proportion of SFV, and Herpesviridae.ConclusionsIdentifying the pathogens carried by macaques is crucial for preparing for potential disease epidemics and outbreaks.
Triassic stratigraphy of the Saddlebag Lake pendant, California, USA: Implications for the character of earliest arc volcanism and the role of upper-plate lithosphere in a young-arc subduction setting
Authors: Riggs N.R. , Barth A.P. , Savage J.A. , Roberts S. , Berglin S.K. , Walker J.D. , Wooden J.L. , Bogle S.R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Basal Triassic strata in the Saddlebag Lake pendant in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, preserve a record of magmatism and sedimentation that marks the maturation of the early Mesozoic Cordilleran arc at this latitude. Facies analysis, geochemistry, and U-Pb geochronology provide the basis for a model that shows ways in which the types of volcanism and the geochemistry of magmatism reflect the presence and evolution of continental crust in the upper plate of a young subduction zone.
Facies analysis of the breccia of Frog Lakes, an andesitic dome complex within the Saddlebag Lake pendant, demonstrates a subaqueous environment of deposition that is inferred to be characteristic of the interbedded tuff of Greenstone Lake and underlying rhyolitic tuff of Saddlebag Lake and conglomerate of Cooney Lake. This subaqueous volcanism and sedimentation suggest that subduction drag on the continental upper plate had greater effect than the buoyancy imparted by the felsic crust. Geochemistry of ignimbrites and dome deposits together with U-Pb isotopic and geochemical analyses of zircon from ignimbrites and the conglomerate of Cooney Lake and from similar-age strata from the Mount Morrison pendant to the south demonstrate the nature of upper-plate continental crust in the period between ca. 250 and ca. 220 Ma. Breccia clasts are medium-K tholeiitic arc basalt, basaltic andesite, and andesite, and they broadly overlap in bulk composition with underlying mafic hypabyssal intrusions. Minor- and trace-element geochemistry of tuff and detrital zircon grains indicates that Triassic silicic melts were relatively cool and fractionated, consistent with late zircon saturation in Zr-poor melts. We infer that the eruption and welding of thick, rhyolitic ignimbrites are, to first order, unique to magmas derived from subduction under continental crust.
‘Letting him know that we love him’: the experiences of young people who question their gender and the parents who support them
Authors: Jackson-Taylor Christine , Atkin Karl 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundGender identity services for children and young people are currently being reorganised in England and Wales. Provision is required to negotiate clinical uncertainty and a public debate that cannot agree on what care should look like.ObjectivesTo explore how young people, parents and young adults respond to gender dysphoria, distress or discomfort; and to understand how they negotiate referral, assessment and possible interventions.DesignQualitative study, using narrative interviews with young people, aged between 12 and 18 years old (n=14), referred to a gender identity service; their parents (n=12); and young adults, aged between 19 and 30 years old (n=18), who sought gender affirming care. The study took place between March 2022 and December 2023.ResultsYoung people in our study describe supportive relationships with parents, but regard them as too cautious when discussing medical pathways. Young people enter specialist care with a sense of urgency. They are disappointed when realising that access to medical pathways does not occur immediately. They do, however, come to appreciate talking about their experiences. Parents face considerable anxieties and, like young people, value the support they receive from specialist clinicians.ConclusionsYoung people who question their gender require access to safe and effective treatments, alongside respectful therapeutic support. Young people and their parents emphasise the importance of an open-minded approach, where they are given space to explore and understand their experiences, before making decisions about the future. The young adults we spoke to confirmed the importance of this.
Non-communicable diseases and their associations with outpatient services utilisation: insight from a population-based survey in Malaysia
Authors: Amer Nordin Awatef , Jawahir Suhana , Manual Adilius , Ab Hamid Jabrullah , Ab Rahim Iqbal , Mohd Noh Sarah Nurain , Ab Mutalib Nur Elina , Abu Bakar Nurul Salwana 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesMultimorbidity has been recognised as a global public health issue, and individuals with multimorbidity have been found to have high healthcare utilisation. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of non-communicable diseases among adults in Malaysia, identify factors associated with multimorbidity, and assess the association between the number of non-communicable diseases and outpatient services utilisation.Design and settingA retrospective secondary data analysis using data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019, a cross-sectional household survey among the population in Malaysia.ParticipantsAll adults aged 18 years and above.Outcome measuresThe two outcome variables were multimorbidity and outpatient services utilisation. Characteristics of respondents and those having multimorbidity were described using complex sample descriptive statistics. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the associated factors of having multimorbidity and the association between the number of non-communicable diseases and outpatient services utilisation.ResultsOverall, 11 347 respondents were included in the analysis. This study found a prevalence of 11.4 (95% CI=10.43–12.39) for multimorbidity. Age, marital status and working status were the factors associated with multimorbidity. Adults with multimorbidity were high users of outpatient services (20.4%, 95% CI=17.5–23.7), approximately threefold of adults with no non-communicable diseases. In the final model, multimorbidity showed an adjusted OR of 3.28 (95% CI=2.48–4.32) for outpatient services utilisation.ConclusionUnderstanding factors associated with multimorbidity and the magnitude of the impact of having multimorbidity towards outpatient services utilisation could help in future planning for healthcare system transformation. The recently launched Health White Paper for Malaysia has emphasised primary healthcare as a critical component to achieve aspirations of the health system, which includes equity and responsiveness. Strengthening primary care services and improving patient navigation across healthcare levels are critical to supporting individuals with multimorbidity. Avenues for further research include exploring a wider range of conditions and assessing the longitudinal impact of multimorbidity on healthcare utilisation and health outcomes.
Challenges of healthcare financing in the world’s largest refugee camp: a mixed-method study among healthcare stakeholders for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh
Authors: Talukdar Imdadul Haque , Tarannum Sayeeda , Smith Isabel , Rifat M A , Boga Priyanka , Mumin Jubayer , Veronés Pablo André , Mahdi Ziba , Alam Syeda Saima , Khan Arif Faysal 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to increase the understanding of healthcare stakeholders’ viewpoints on the challenges and potential solutions regarding healthcare financing for the Rohingya refugees in Cox’s Bazar.DesignA mixed-method approach, containing semi-structured interviews with healthcare stakeholders and review of financial documents, was employed. Thematic analysis was performed to analyse the transcripts. Financial documents (available online) and reports from respective coordinating agencies were also reviewed.SettingOnline key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted from Stockholm with participants residing in Bangladesh between June 2022 and September 2022.ParticipantsEight KIIs were conducted with professional health programme managers, executives and personnel involved in policy coordination and implementation in refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh.ResultsWe identified four themes and three subthemes outlining key challenges in healthcare funding, including decreasing funds (supported by a quantitative assessment) due to macroglobal issues, conflicting short-term and long-term priorities between implementing partners, insufficient efficacy due to challenges with collaborative priority-setting and implementing common processes, and a lack of consensus regarding equity between host and refugee communities.ConclusionsThe study identified unique challenges beyond the commonly discussed health financing issues in a resource-deficient setting: stakeholders’ conflicting priorities regarding funding and undecided equity issues among the host and refugee communities are worth scholarly and policy focus. A needs-based, equitable and effective action plan might ensure the proper utilisation of resources.
Impact of interpregnancy weight change on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus during a second pregnancy in Chinese population: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yang Ao , Wang Ying , Liu Yuzhen , Yang Juan , Xu Chang , Zhong Shilin 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the impact of interpregnancy weight changes (IPWC) on the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the second pregnancy.DesignA single-centre retrospective cohort study was conducted in China.SettingData were collected in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from 2013 January to 2021 February.ParticipantsParticipants include women who had two consecutive singleton deliveries after 28 gestational weeks (n=2372).OutcomesThe GDM in the second pregnancy (s-GDM) was set as the outcome.MethodsIPWC was defined as the change in body mass index between the first trimester of the second pregnancy and that of the first pregnancy, categorised into four groups with −1 kg/m² to <1 kg/m² as the reference. Adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs attained from multivariable logistic regression were used to assess the association between IPWC and s-GDM, in both total subjects and stratified subgroups.ResultsIn the overall analysis, s-GDM was found to be significantly associated with IPWC value (aOR 1.111; 95% CI 1.038 to 1.190) and an IPWC category of ≥3 kg/m² (aOR 1.821; 95% CI 1.197 to 2.772). In the stratified analysis, the significant association between IPWC ≥3 kg/m² and s-GDM was evident only in the subgroups of an interpregnancy interval (IPI) of less than 36 months (aOR 2.210, 95% CI 1.251 to 3.904), under the age of 35 (aOR 1.854, 95% CI 1.204 to 2.857), non-diabetic status in the first pregnancy (f-ND) (aOR 1.872, 95% CI 1.143 to 3.065) and those with normal weight in the first pregnancy (aOR 1.936, 95% CI 1.174 to 3.193). The significant association between IPWC value and s-GDM was also shown only in these subgroups (p<0.05). In f-DN subgroup, even an IPWC category of 1 kg/m² to <3 kg/m² was significantly associated with s-GDM (aOR 1.486, 95% CI 1.044 to 2.117). IPWC < −1 kg/m² was not significantly associated with s-GDM either in the overall analysis or in the stratified analysis (p>0.05).ConclusionAn IPWC of 3 kg/m² or higher may increase the risk of s-GDM, particularly among women with an IPI of less than 36 months, those under 35 years old, individuals without diabetes, or those with normal weight during their first pregnancy. The potential influence of prior GDM on the relationship between IPWC and s-GDM warrants further investigation.
Factors associated with cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Moshi municipality, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hhera Jeremiah John , Dahaye Regina , Zakayo Witness Erasto , Kazula Yohana Z , Abdul Seif , Mamseri Redempta , Msuya Sia E 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveScreening for cervical cancer has been a globally advocated preventive strategy to reduce cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and barriers of cervical cancer screening, and to determine factors associated with cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Moshi municipality, northern Tanzania.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study between August and September 2020.SettingMoshi municipality, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.ParticipantsWomen of ages 15–49 years who live in Moshi municipality.ResultsA total of 300 women participated in the study and 22.7% had ever been screened for cervical cancer. Women below the age of 30 years had 87% lower odds of screening for cervical cancer compared with those aged 30 years and above (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04, 0.43). Women who had never heard about cervical cancer had 94% (OR 0.06; 95% CI 0.01, 0.51) lower odds of screening compared with those who ever heard about the disease. In comparison to married women, those who identified as single had 71% lower odds of screening for cervical cancer (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.10, 0.73). Women without formal education or with only primary-level education had 72% lower odds of screening for cervical cancer compared with those with college or university education (OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.08, 0.98). A lack of awareness on where to screen and a lack of comprehensive knowledge about cervical cancer were reported as screening barriers among those who had never been tested.ConclusionOnly one in five women have ever been screened for cervical cancer, despite the majority having heard about the disease. Overall knowledge of cervical cancer was low, with many women unaware of its causes, risk factors and preventive measures. Key barriers to screening included a lack of awareness and insufficient medical advice. Factors significantly associated with lower odds of screening were being under age of 30 years, not having heard about cervical cancer, having no formal or only primary education and being single. There is an urgent need for community-based interventions to increase awareness and education about cervical cancer and to improve access to screening services, especially for younger, less educated and single women.
Cross-sectional study of cybervictimisation and non-suicidal self-injury among college students in China: a chain mediation effect of emotion dysregulation and social exclusion
Authors: Liao Xiaoli , Xine Liu , Ni Juan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to elucidate the relationship between cybervictimisation and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviours among college students in China, with a particular focus on the mediating roles of emotion dysregulation and social exclusion.DesignA cross-sectional survey was conducted among a convenience sample of college students.SettingThe study was performed among college students from public universities in Hunan Province, China, between October 26 and November 26, 2023.ParticipantsA total of 1467 college students aged 19.52±1.16 years participated in the survey.Outcome measuresData were collected through an online questionnaire that included a general information form, the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory, the Brief Cyberbullying and Cybervictimisation Scale, the Social Exclusion Questionnaire for Chinese Undergraduates and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 1467 college students, with a mean age of 19.52±1.16 years. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between NSSI behaviours and cybervictimisation (r=0.58, p<0.01), social exclusion (r=0.64, p<0.01) and emotion dysregulation (r=0.69, p<0.01). Multivariate regression analysis identified significant predictors of NSSI behaviours, including gender (β=0.06, p<0.05), being a left-behind child (β=−0.20, p<0.05), being the only child (β=0.07, p<0.05), cybervictimisation (β=0.32, p<0.001), emotion dysregulation (β=0.41, p<0.001) and social exclusion (β=0.15, p<0.001). Mediation effect analysis revealed a chain mediation effect where cybervictimisation influenced NSSI behaviours through the mediating roles of emotion dysregulation and subsequent social exclusion (all p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study confirms previous research by highlighting the positive relationship between cybervictimisation and NSSI behaviours, and advances the field by identifying a chain mediation effect involving emotion dysregulation and social exclusion among this relationship. These findings highlight the critical need to incorporate strategies for managing both emotion dysregulation and social exclusion in the prevention and intervention of NSSI behaviours among adolescents exposed to cybervictimisation.