bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Mapping of Inorganic Treatments on Porous Carbonate Stones by Combined Synchrotron Radiation High Lateral μXRPD and μXRF
Authors: Massinelli Giulia , Marinoni Nicoletta , Colombo Chiara , Gatta Giacomo Diego , Realini Marco , Burghammer Manfred , Possenti Elena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Understanding the effects of consolidating inorganic mineral treatments on carbonate stones of cultural heritage, on the nature and distribution of newly formed products within the matrix, poses a significant challenge in Heritage Science and Conservation Science. Existing analytical methods often fail to deliver spatial and compositional insights into the newly formed crystalline phases with the appropriate high lateral resolution. In this study, we explore the capabilities and limitations of synchrotron radiation (SR) micro-X-ray powder diffraction (µXRPD) mapping combined with micro-X-ray fluorescence (µXRF) to give insight into compounds formed following the application of ammonium oxalate (AmOx) and diammonium phosphate-based (DAP) solutions on porous carbonate stone. Ultimately, the integration of µXRPD mapping and µXRF analysis proved itself a powerful asset in providing precise qualitative and quantitative data on the newly formed phases, in the case of both calcium oxalates (CaOxs) and calcium phosphates (CaPs), and their complex stratigraphic distribution, thus opening a new route for applications to a more comprehensive study of inorganic treatments applied to carbonate substrates.
Global Compilation and Analysis of Human Crush Fatalities (1900- 2017)
Authors: Tebbens S. F. , Guha T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This work compiles a global record of 123 fatal human crush events between 1900 and 2017. Completeness of the compiled record appears to improve through time, with more events of all sizes recorded in more recent decades. The three countries with the most documented fatal crush events are, in decreasing order, India, United States and Saudi Arabia, while the countries with the most documented fatalities, in decreasing order, are Saudi Arabia, India, and Iraq. The fatality record of 123 global crush events between 1900 and 2017 is found to exhibit power law frequency-size scaling. Using a statistical approach often applied to earthquakes, the parameters of the scaling relationship are used as the basis for probabilistic forecasting of the recurrence interval of events with 100 and 1000 fatalities. Based on the 2003 to 2017 record, events with 100 or more fatalities are forecast to have a global recurrence interval of every 1.3 years (± 1 standard deviation 1.0 to 1.8 years) and events with 1,000 or more fatalities are forecast to have a global recurrence interval of every 7.4 years (± 1 standard deviation range of 4.7 to 9.1 years). The primary contributions of this work are a compilation of global fatal crush events in the past century and the finding that fatalities associated with global fatal crush events follow power law scaling.
Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of low temperature storage on fruit quality deterioration of mangoes
Authors: Cong Hanqing , Huo Ting , Huang Xinran , Chen Yeyuan , Bai Yibo , Luo Haiyan , Fu Xiaona , Wang Rongxiang , Guan Pingyin , Zafar Muhammad Mubashar , Qiao Fei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Mango, a typical respiratory climacteric fruit, is susceptible to a short shelf life and quality deterioration during post-harvest ripening. Though low temperature can prolong the storage time significantly, its side effects on fruit quality remains to be elucidated. Through a combination of transcriptome and metabolome analyses, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of low-temperature storage on the biosynthesis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), flavonoids, sucrose, and the degradation of organic acids. Carbohydrate-related metabolism maintained high activity under 13°C by up-regulating the expression of certain gene members in the neutral invertase (NI), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and sucrose synthetase (SS) families. Similarly, low temperature suppressed the expression of an ethylene receptor (ETR) gene (mango007369), compensated by another member in ETR family (mango016667). The increased accumulation of flavonoids under l3°C aligned with the enhanced expression of genes related to flavonoid synthesis in mango fruit, such as F3H, F3’H and CHI. However, in comparison to storage at 30°C, low temperature storage reduced the total soluble solids (TSS) in the fruit, but increased the accumulation of several organic acids. Whereas low temperature almost entirely inhibited the synthesis of VOCs, which further pull down the commercial quality. The findings of this study revealed the impact of storage temperature on mango quality and offer insights for maintaining quality under low-temperature conditions.
EDNRB is Upregulated in Acutely Injured Cartilage following Topical Administration of Tranexamic Acid in Rats
Authors: Li Ming , Ren Dong , Hou Haowei , Lu Jian , Ren Guowei , Yao Shuangquan , Geng Lindan , Shi Zhenhua , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
The intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to be effective at reducing perioperative bleeding. However, the damage to human articular cartilage caused by TXA could contribute to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after acute cartilage injury. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the genes and molecular programmes controlling PTOA pathogenesis associated with TXA using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).
Methods
We performed RNA-seq and computational analyses of cartilage tissues obtained from various groups of rats. The differentially expressed genes between the control group and each experimental group were collated to identify those genes that were regulated by TXA. We investigated the role of TXA in cartilage tissue degeneration using RT‒qPCR analysis and histological assays.
Results
We identified 3113 genes (1834 upregulated and 1279 downregulated) that were differentially expressed between the cartilage-subchondral bone damage group and the control group. Furthermore, 57 genes were differentially expressed (45 upregulated and 12 downregulated) between the cartilage damage group and the control group. EDNRB was identified in both sets of differentially expressed genes and was thus considered a gene specifically regulated by TXA. Upregulation of EDNRB mRNA in the TXA injection model was confirmed by RT‒qPCR. Notably, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that EDNRB is involved in PTOA pathogenesis.
Conclusion
These study results suggest that the ETB receptor plays a pivotal role in cartilage degeneration after acute injury induced by topical administration of TXA and may be a new target for the development of therapies for this condition.
Machine Learning Methods for Adult OSAHS Risk Prediction
Authors: Ge Shanshan , Wu Kainan , Li Shuhui , Li Ruiling , Yang Caizheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disease that can cause multiple organ damage in the whole body. Our aim was to use machine learning (ML) to build an independent polysomnography (PSG) model to analyze risk factors and predict OSAHS.
Materials and Methods
Clinical data of 2064 snoring patients who underwent physical examination in the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from July 2018 to July 2023 were retrospectively collected, involving 24 characteristic variables. Then they were randomly divided into training group and verification group according to the ratio of 7:3. By analyzing the importance of these features, it was concluded that LDL-C, Cr, common carotid artery plaque, A1c and BMI made major contributions to OSAHS. Moreover, five kinds of machine learning algorithm models such as logistic regression, support vector machine, Boosting, Random Forest and MLP were further established, and cross validation was used to adjust the model hyperparameters to determine the final prediction model. We compared the accuracy, Precision, Recall rate, F1-score and AUC indexes of the model, and finally obtained that MLP was the optimal model with an accuracy of 85.80%, Precision of 0.89, Recall of 0.75, F1-score of 0.82, and AUC of 0.938.
Conclusion
We established the risk prediction model of OSAHS using ML method, and proved that the MLP model performed best among the five ML models. This predictive model helps to identify patients with OSAHS and provide early, personalized diagnosis and treatment options.
Translation and adaptation of the person-centered maternity care scale to a Persian speaking population: A confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Mohammadkhani Nafiseh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Recognized as the most exhaustive multi-dimensional evaluation of women's person-centered experiences during childbirth, the Person-Centered Maternity Care (PCMC) Scale offers domain-specific insights into facets of care. This instrument has yet to be translated into Persian. Hence, this study purposed to translate and ascertain the reliability and validity of a Persian version of the PCMC scale for postpartum women in Iran.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was facilitated at multiple comprehensive health centers within Tehran, Iran from February 2022 until July 2022. Postpartum women within 7 days after childbirth who were referred to selected comprehensive health centers for newborn thyroid screening were conveniently sampled. The validation process for the questionnaire utilized confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while it gauged convergent validity via factor loads, average variance extracted (AVE), along with composite reliability (CR). Discriminant credibility was evaluated utilizing HTMT alongside Fornell-Larcker Criteria. Data analysis procedures were conducted through IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 16 and SMART PLS Statistics for Windows Version 4.0.9.9.
Results: All the items were within the acceptable range of factor loading, except for questions 3 of facility and 6 of dignity, which were removed from the model. The AVE values for all the variables were above 0.50 and the CR values were above 0.78, indicating convergent validity. On the horizontal loading table, all of the indicators met the conditions. Additionally, the findings validate that the HTMT indicator associated with all constructs remained below 0.9 which confirms divergent relevance pertaining to the survey tool under consideration. The composite reliability values also indicated good overall reliability for all the constructs, ranging from 0.78 to 0.91.
Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the Persian version of the PCMC is a reliable and valid tool for measuring person-centered maternity care in Persian-speaking populations.
Drivers of Future Extratropical Sea Surface Temperature Variability Changes in the North Pacific
Authors: Gunnarson Jacob , Stuecker Malte , Zhao Sen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Under anthropogenic warming, future changes to climate variability beyond specific modes such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have not been well-characterized. In the Community Earth System Model version 2 Large Ensemble (CESM2-LE) climate model, the future change to sea surface temperature (SST) variability (and correspondingly marine heatwave intensity) is spatially heterogeneous. We examined these projected changes (between 1960-2000 and 2060-2100) in the North Pacific using a local linear stochastic-deterministic model, which allowed us to quantify the effect of changes to three drivers on SST variability: ocean "memory" (the SST damping timescale), ENSO teleconnections, and stochastic noise forcing. The ocean memory declines in most areas, but lengthens in the central North Pacific. This change is primarily due to changes in air-sea feedbacks and ocean damping, with the shallowing mixed layer depth playing a secondary role. An eastward shift of the ENSO teleconnection pattern is primarily responsible for the pattern of SST variance change.
Realist evaluation of the impact of health mediation on underserved populations’ healthcare utilization and cancer screening uptake: the ECEMSo case study protocol
Authors: Richard Elodie , Perret Garance , Ramiz Leila , Chaves Frédérique Quirino , Cambon linda , Vandentorren Stéphanie , Fernandez Judith Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Health mediation may foster underserved populations’ healthcare utilization. No study to date has demonstrated its effectiveness in an experimental context. The ECEMSo case study aims to identify the impact of health mediation on fostering healthcare utilization – in particular organized cancer screening uptake – by underserved populations living in informal housing (PLIH) in France. This paper describes the study protocol.
Methods: Grounded in a theory-based framework, the ECEMSo case study is a longitudinal mixed-method intervention study with a multi-center, multi-case explanatory sequential design. The study population comprises various participant profiles including health mediators, health workers, social workers, PLIH whom these professionals support, and other stakeholders concerned with underserved populations’ health issues. Participants will be recruited in several French regions and divided into three mixed participant profile groups. In group 1, health mediation and the ECEMSo intervention will be implemented. This intervention comprises knowledge mobilization to facilitate the structuring of health mediation throughout France, and the development of an action plan to facilitate cancer screening uptake by PLIH. In group 2, only health mediation will be implemented (i.e., no ECEMSo intervention). In group 3, neither health mediation nor the ECEMSo intervention will be implemented, but health and social workers will implement other health system navigation interventions.
Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected by interviewers through face-to-face questionnaires, interviews, observations, focus groups, and tracking tables of health mediation activities over six months. Data collection will be based on the health mediation conceptual framework. The calculated required number of participants includes 960 health mediation beneficiaries, 54 health mediators, 27 health and social workers, and many other stakeholders, identified through snowball sampling.
Discussion: In terms of evidence-based intervention research, this study will provide a comprehensive picture of the conditions under which health mediation has a positive effect on underserved populations’ healthcare utilization.
Trial registration numbers: NCT06180746 12/12/2023
Epigenetic erosion of H4K20me1 induced by inflammation drives aged stem cell ferroptosis.
Authors: Blanc Romeo , Shah Nidhi , Salama Noah , Meng Fanju , Mousaei Alireza , Chakkalakal Joe , Onukwufor John , Murphy Patrick , Calvi Laura , Dirksen Robert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in stem cell functionality and number across the organism. In this study, we aimed to further unravel Muscle Stem Cells (MuSCs) aging by assessing how systemic factors influence MuSC fate decisions through long-term epigenetic landscape remodelling. As aging is intricately linked to a pro-inflammatory shift, we studied the epigenetic effects of inflammatory signals in MuSCs and measured decreased H4K20me1 levels. This loss disrupts MuSC quiescence, largely through epigenetic silencing of Notch target genes. In the setting of inflammatory signals or aging, the lack of Kmt5a and the subsequent absence of de novo H4K20me1 culminate in cell death by ferroptosis. Aged MuSCs manifest abnormal iron metabolism and reduced Gpx4 levels, resulting in the accumulation of intracellular iron, increased reactive oxygen species, genomic instability, and lipid peroxidation. We showed that ferroptosis is the predominant mode of cell death in aged MuSCs, with remarkably high levels of lipid peroxidation; a phenomenon we also observed in aged hematopoietic stem cells. Implementing preventative strategies to inhibit systemic inflammation prevented aged MuSC ferroptosis, preserving their numbers and regenerative capabilities. This intervention significantly enhanced aged muscle regeneration and strength recovery and extended both lifespan and healthspan in mice. This study delineates a previously underappreciated fate trajectory for stem cell aging, and offers meaningful insights into the treatment of age-related disorders.
The impact of construction materials on indoor air quality and radiation levels in Al-Shatra, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
Authors: Elewee Aqeel A. , Alsaffar Mohammed S. , Alhous Shatha F. , Aswood Murtadha Sh. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose the current study focuses on evaluating the level of natural radioactivity in fifteen samples taken from five different building materials in Al-Shatra, Dhi-Qar Governorate, Iraq. Methods used a sodium iodide detector NaI (TI). Results the average activities of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are found to be 19.7 ± 6.7, 20.14 ± 3.3 and 232.24 ± 91Bqkg− 1, respectively. The computed mean radium equivalent activity was 66.63 Bqkg− 1, which is below the suggested threshold of 370 Bqkg− 1 established by OECD. The internal (Hin) and external hazard indices (Hex) have been determined to be lower than unity (< 1), as per the recommended safe level recognized by UNSCEAR. The average values of the absorbed dose rate (nGyh− 1), indoor annual effective dose (mSvy− 1), outdoor annual effective dose (mSvy− 1) and exposure rate of gamma-ray (µRh− 1)are also estimated to be 59.09,0.289,0.072 and148.076, respectively. Conclusion all these parameters are within the safe limits when compared to their equivalent world-permitted values, and hence, all types of building materials are considered safe and do not present a significant peril to the well-being of the populace.
Impact of Laser Radiation and Volatile Oils Mixture on Microbiological Quality of Beef Sausage during Cold Storage
Authors: abdraboh ahmed , Osheba Atef Saad , El-Sayed Helmy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study was carried out to estimate antimicrobial activity of cinnamon, clove and rosemary essential oils and their mixture against three strains of Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Kelbsiella pneumonia; three strains of Gram–positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus and Listeria moncytogenes three fungi, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moneflora and two yeasts, Candida albicans, Sacchromyces cerevisiae. Also, to study the effect of best volatile oils mixture concentration and best exposure time of laser radiation on microbiological attributes and shelf life of cold beef sausage. Results indicated that, volatile oils mixture had higher inhibitory effect than each volatile oil individually against all tested microbial strains. Volatile oils and their mixture could be arranged in descending order according to their antimicrobial potency as follows: volatile oil mixture ˃ cinnamon ˃ clove ˃ rosemary volatile oil. Also, microbial strains could be arranged descending according to their resistance to volatile oils as follows: gram-negative bacteria ˃ gram-positive bacteria ˃ yeasts ˃ molds. Microbial load (total bacterial count and yeast and mold counts ) of beef sausage decreased by exposure to laser radiation for 18 minutes (T1) and adding the volatile oil mixture at 500 ppm (T2) as well as volatile oils mixture and laser radiation combination (T3) when compared with control sample. Therefore, the treatment of beef sausage with volatile oil mixture and laser radiation combination was more effective in reduction of microbial load and extending the shelf life of beef sausage to 20 days at 4 ± 1ºC compared with sausage treated with volatile oils mixture only (15 days), sausage treated with laser rays only (10 days) and control sample (5 days).
Poly(L-glutamic acid) based composites for improved dual immune checkpoint blockade therapy
Authors: Xue Fuxin , Yao Haochen , Sun Jiali , Ren Xitong , Hu Junli , Shen Na , Tang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, such as PD1/PDL1 blockade, is successful for robusting the duable response of patients. However, the response rate is less than 30%. In this study, we prepared polymer-Fc binding peptides-based PD1/PDL1 bispecific antibody (BsAb), which was constructed via the condensation reaction between side –COOH of poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGLU) and –NH2 of a double cyclic peptide Fc-III-4C, and mixed with αPD1 and αPDL1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in an aqueous solution. The PD1/PDL1 BsAb forms a bridge between tumor cells and CD8+ T cells, persistently activating the CD8+ T cell to a greater degree, and results in a much stronger inhiation of tumor growth and a longer survival time of mice in mouse colon cancer model, than both the free mAb and free mixed mAbs. The tumor suppression rate of the BsAb was 90.1% and after 48 days, the survival rate is 83.3%. Thus, this study highlights an effective PD1/PDL1 BsAb synchronizing T cell engager and dual ICBs, facilitating and guiding theoretically the clinical ICB therapy.
Exploring Schatzker IV Tibial Plateau Fracture: Finite Element Analysis Study of Five Internal Fixation Methods
Authors: Zhou Zulong , Fang Run , Liu Yulong , Ning Rende 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This research aims to evaluate the stress and stability of Schatzker IV-C subtype tibial plateau fractures through finite element simulation, comparing various internal fixation techniques.
Methods
A 3D finite element model was created for a Schatzker IV C tibial plateau fracture, evaluating five internal fixation methods through computer simulations. The methods included: Medial Plate (Model 1), Medial Plate with Two Posterior Tension Screws (Model 2), Medial Plate with Two Lateral Tension Screws (Model 3), Dual Plates on Anterior and Posterior Medial Sides (Model 4), and Dual Plates on Medial and Lateral Sides (Model 5). To simulate the biomechanics of unilateral knee joint axial compression during normal adult gait, a substantial axial force of 1200N was applied, with 60% selectively distributed on the medial plateau. Comprehensive analyses focused on equivalent von Mises stress, displacement, and the Equivalent Graph illustrating stress-displacement characteristics for each fixation modality.
Results
The MTS model exhibits the highest peak stress of 139.45 MPa, coupled with a maximum displacement of 4.4945 mm, outperforming all other models. In contrast, the MPLT model has a lower peak stress and displacement of 96.08 MPa and 4.391 mm, respectively. This model stands out for having the smallest displacement among all models and significantly reduced maximum stress compared to the initial three groups. As for the three DPMs, their peak stresses are documented at 95.144, 91.46, and 92.58 MPa, accompanied by peak displacements of 4.3982, 4.4326, and 4.4382 mm, respectively.
Conclusion
The research findings suggest that Model 4 is the optimal treatment choice due to its minimal displacement, significantly reduced maximum stress compared to other models, and advantages such as minimal trauma for postoperative recovery. Double steel plate models exhibit low stress levels but lack outstanding displacement reduction, and their significant surgical trauma makes them a secondary choice. This study provides insights into the biomechanical performance of different internal fixation methods for Schatzker IV C tibial plateau fractures.