bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum KL-6 levels predict the occurrence and severity of treatment-related interstitial lung disease in lung cancer
Authors: Park Hwa Kyung , Yoon Chang-Seok , Na Young-Ok , Lee Jae-Kyeong , Oh Hyung-Joo , Park Ha-Young , Kho Bo-Gun , Kim Tae-Ok , Shin Hong-Joon , Kwon Yong-Soo , Oh In-Jae , Kim Yu-Il , Lim Sung-Chul , Kim Young-Chul , Park Cheol-Kyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) as a potential biomarker for treatment-related ILD (TR-ILD) in lung cancer. We recruited patients with lung cancer in whom KL-6 was measured to differentiate between pneumonia and ILD (category 1), diagnose and assess the severity of suspicious ILD (category 2), or evaluate baseline levels before cancer treatment (category 3). Among 1,297 patients who underwent KL-6 testing, 422 had lung cancer, and TR-ILD was detected in 195 patients. In categories 1–2, median KL-6 level was higher in drug-induced ILD or acute exacerbation of underlying ILD than in no ILD or radiation-induced pneumonitis, and it was correlated with the severity of TR-ILD. High KL-6 level (cut-off: > 436U/mL) was an independent risk factor for severe TR-ILD, and low KL-6 level with high procalcitonin level (> 0.5 ng/mL) could exclude severe TR-ILD. Patients with severe TR-ILD had worse overall survival than those without, whereas high baseline KL-6 level was associated with worse survival, especially in patients without severe TR-ILD. Therefore, serum KL-6 may be a surrogate marker for predicting the occurrence and assessing the severity of TR-ILD at the time of suspected ILD and before lung cancer treatment.
Experimental pathogenesis of aquatic bird bornavirus 1 in Pekin ducks
Authors: Ampuero Fernanda , Leacy Alexander , Pham Phuc H. , Che Sunoh , Jardine Claire , Nagy Eva , Delnatte Pauline , Lillie Brandon N. , Susta Leonardo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAquatic bird bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1) is a neurotropic virus that causes persistent infection in the nervous system of wild waterfowl. This study evaluated whether Pekin ducks, the most common waterfowl raised worldwide, are susceptible to ABBV-1 infection and associated disease. Groups of Pekin ducks were inoculated with ABBV-1 through the intracranial (IC; n, 32), intramuscular (IM; n, 30), and choanal (CH; n, 30) routes. Controls (CO; n, 29) received carrier only. At 1, 12, and 21 weeks postinfection (wpi), 7–14 birds were euthanized to assess virus distribution and lesions. Infection rates in the IC and IM groups were over 70%, while only 4 ducks in the CH group became infected. Neurological signs were observed in 8 ducks only, while over 25% of IC and IM birds had encephalitis and/or myelitis. Seroconversion was highest in the IC and IM groups, and mucosal ABBV-1 RNA shedding was most frequent in the IC group (53%). None of the fertile eggs laid during the experiment tested positive for ABBV-1 RNA. This study shows that Pekin ducks are permissive to ABBV-1 infection and partly susceptible to associated disease. While mucosal shedding may be an important route of transmission, congenital infection appears unlikely.
Real-time dual prediction of intradialytic hypotension and hypertension using an explainable deep learning model
Authors: Yun Donghwan , Yang Hyun-Lim , Kim Seong Geun , Kim Kwangsoo , Kim Dong Ki , Oh Kook-Hwan , Joo Kwon Wook , Kim Yon Su , Han Seung Seok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBoth intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and hypertension (IDHTN) are associated with poor outcomes in hemodialysis patients, but a model predicting dual outcomes in real-time has never been developed. Herein, we developed an explainable deep learning model with a sequence-to-sequence-based attention network to predict both of these events simultaneously. We retrieved 302,774 hemodialysis sessions from the electronic health records of 11,110 patients, and these sessions were split into training (70%), validation (10%), and test (20%) datasets through patient randomization. The outcomes were defined when nadir systolic blood pressure (BP) < 90 mmHg (termed IDH-1), a decrease in systolic BP ≥ 20 mmHg and/or a decrease in mean arterial pressure ≥ 10 mmHg (termed IDH-2), or an increase in systolic BP ≥ 10 mmHg (i.e., IDHTN) occurred within 1 h. We developed a temporal fusion transformer (TFT)-based model and compared its performance in the test dataset, including receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and area under the precision-recall curves (AUPRC), with those of other machine learning models, such as recurrent neural network, light gradient boosting machine, random forest, and logistic regression. Among all models, the TFT-based model achieved the highest AUROCs of 0.953 (0.952–0.954), 0.892 (0.891–0.893), and 0.889 (0.888–0.890) in predicting IDH-1, IDH-2, and IDHTN, respectively. The AUPRCs in the TFT-based model for these outcomes were higher than the other models. The factors that contributed the most to the prediction were age and previous session, which were time-invariant variables, as well as systolic BP and elapsed time, which were time-varying variables. The present TFT-based model predicts both IDH and IDHTN in real time and offers explainable variable importance.
Systematic review: predictive value of organoids in colorectal cancer
Authors: Sakshaug B. Cristoffer , Folkesson Evelina , Haukaas Tonje Husby , Visnes Torkild , Flobak Åsmund 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile chemotherapy alone or in combination with radiotherapy and surgery are important modalities in the treatment of colorectal cancer, their widespread use is not paired with an abundance of diagnostic tools to match individual patients with the most effective standard-of-care chemo- or radiotherapy regimens. Patient-derived organoids are tumour-derived structures that have been shown to retain certain aspects of the tissue of origin. We present here a systematic review of studies that have tested the performance of patient derived organoids to predict the effect of anti-cancer therapies in colorectal cancer, for chemotherapies, targeted drugs, and radiation therapy, and we found overall a positive predictive value of 68% and a negative predictive value of 78% for organoid informed treatment, which outperforms response rates observed with empirically guided treatment selection.
Effects of different mulch materials on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and soil water use efficiency of wheat in Loess tableland
Authors: Ye Shenglan , Li Juan , Kong Hui , Shen Jianglong , Wu Dan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the lack of precipitation and poor temporal and spatial stability in the Loess Plateau for a long time, it is necessary to adopt mulching technology to support the stable and high yield of wheat cultivation system. This study aims at exploring different mulching materials on the soil water content, photosynthetic characteristics, wheat yield, and yield components of winter wheat in the gully region of the Loess Plateau. The results showed that the traditional flat soil water content is the lowest in the seedling stage. In the jointing stage and heading stage of many crop water requirements, ridge film mulching treatment can effectively promote the growth of wheat and increase the water use efficiency. The leaf area index (LAI) of different treatments wheat showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. In the jointing stage, ordinary mulching film (T1) and liquid mulching film (T3) had the highest LAI content, which were 3.78 and 3.71 respectively. The Pn and Gs in wheat flag leaves of T3 treatment is higher than that of CK throughout the entire growth period, and T3 significantly increased Ci and WUEi in different growth stage. And the grain number per panicle and grain weight of T3 treatment were 24.44 and 41.00 g, which were 19.3% and 5.4% higher than CK, respectively. Through the actual production calculation of the final harvest, the ridge film mulching has a significant increase in production compared with the CK. The yield of T3 treatment was 4980.25 kg hm−2, which was 29.37% higher than CK. It was significantly different from CK (P < 0.05). Based on the comprehensive analysis, the ridge film mulching treatment significantly affected the soil water content and wheat yield. And the liquid mulching film had the best effect. Exploring the impact of different covering techniques on the wheat cultivation system in the Loess Plateau region, to promote the scientific promotion of this technology.
Evaluation of the effect of particulate matter on construction accidents using relative probability
Authors: Lee Minsu , Jeong Jaewook , Kim Daeho 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPM10 is known to have a great adverse effect on the human body. However, there is a lack of research analyzing the impact of PM10 on the occurrence of accidents. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between PM10 and accidents in the construction industry and to present a new concentration group to manage accidents caused by PM10 in the construction industry. This study was conducted in the following four stages. (i) collection of data, (ii) classification of data, (iii) relative probability analysis, and (iv) modified PM10 group classification. The main results of this study are as follows. When the frequency analysis of the traditional method was conducted, 3,721 accidents occurred at a PM10 concentration of 32 μg/m3. However, as a result of the relative probability analysis presented in this study, it was confirmed that the relative accident probability increased as the PM10 concentration increased. In addition, the current PM10 concentration is presented by the WHO in six groups from a health perspective. However, in this study, the newly proposed PM10 group was classified into three groups from the perspective of the probability of construction accidents. The group proposed in this study is not from a health perspective but a group for managing construction site accidents. The contribution of this study was to confirm that PM10 also affects accidents occurring at construction sites, and the impact of PM10 on accidents was quantitatively analyzed through the relative probability analysis presented in this study.
Three-dimensional motion control of an untethered magnetic object using three rotating permanent magnets
Authors: Sakuma Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMagnetic motion control has been actively studied mainly for the purpose of biomedical applications. However, in many cases, many actuator magnets surround a small magnet to be moved, and they consume large electric power. In some cases, complex calculations are required to estimate the control input of the actuator magnets. This study proposes a simple method to move a small magnet to the desired positions. For this, three cylindrical permanent magnets magnetized in the radial direction were positioned as the sides of a triangle; these actuator magnets were rotated using motors. By monitoring the position of the small magnet and through simple feedback control based on the angles of the three actuator magnets, the untethered small magnet could be moved along arbitrary three-dimensional (3D) paths. The control principle was established by calculating the magnetic force and torque acting on the small magnet for some sets of actuator-magnet angles.
CMIP6 projections for global offshore wind and wave energy production (2015–2100)
Authors: Ibarra-Berastegui Gabriel , Sáenz Jon , Ulazia Alain , Sáenz-Aguirre Aitor , Esnaola Ganix 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThree-hourly CMIP6 projections have been used in conjuction with the CSIRO WaveWatchIII wave model to calculate the global trends in offshore wind and wave energy for the SSP585 and SSP126 scenarios until 2100. The results indicate that moderate yet significant changes are expected in the theoretical electricity generated from wind and waves at fewer than 10–15% of coastal locations. While this implies a generally stable outlook for the future, certain coastal regions with existing or planned wind farms may experience a slight reduction in production by 2100. Regarding wave energy, given its early stage of development, a more cautious approach is advisable, although a similar conclusion may be reached. Considering the decreasing installation costs on the horizon and accounting for both climatic scenarios, this provides a reliable context for most ongoing feasibility studies, technological developments, and offshore facility investments.
An integrated CMOS–silicon photonics transmitter with a 112 gigabaud transmission and picojoule per bit energy efficiency
Authors: Li Ke , Thomson David J. , Liu Shenghao , Zhang Weiwei , Cao Wei , Littlejohns Callum G. , Yan Xingzhao , Ebert Martin , Banakar Mehdi , Tran Dehn , Meng Fanfan , Du Han , Reed Graham T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe widening application of advanced digital infrastructure requires the development of communications technologies with increased data transmission rates. However, ensuring that this can be achieved in an energy-efficient way is challenging. Here we report an integrated complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor/silicon-photonics-based transmitter in which a switching current is applied to the passive-equalization-network-guided silicon Mach–Zehnder modulator, rather than driving a standard Mach–Zehnder modulator with a traditional voltage swing. This approach allows the total electrical energy to be selectively distributed to different frequency components by choosing an appropriate inductance and near-end termination impedance values. With the approach, we achieve 112 gigabaud—112 gigabits per second on–off keying and 224 gigabit per second pulse-amplitude modulation with four levels—transmission with energy efficiencies below picojoules per bit, and without the need for signal-shaping functions in the data source. We also investigate the bit error rate for different electrical and optical power conditions at 100 gigabaud, including the electrical power consumption of the driver amplifier.
A novel mouse model of mitochondrial disease exhibits juvenile-onset severe neurological impairment due to parvalbumin cell mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Olkhova Elizaveta A. , Bradshaw Carla , Blain Alasdair , Alvim Debora , Turnbull Doug M. , LeBeau Fiona E. N. , Ng Yi Shiau , Gorman Gráinne S. , Lax Nichola Z. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMitochondrial diseases comprise a common group of neurometabolic disorders resulting from OXPHOS defects, that may manifest with neurological impairments, for which there are currently no disease-modifying therapies. Previous studies suggest inhibitory interneuron susceptibility to mitochondrial impairment, especially of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV+). We have developed a mouse model of mitochondrial dysfunction specifically in PV+ cells via conditional Tfam knockout, that exhibited a juvenile-onset progressive phenotype characterised by cognitive deficits, anxiety-like behaviour, head-nodding, stargazing, ataxia, and reduced lifespan. A brain region-dependent decrease of OXPHOS complexes I and IV in PV+ neurons was detected, with Purkinje neurons being most affected. We validated these findings in a neuropathological study of patients with pathogenic mtDNA and POLG variants showing PV+ interneuron loss and deficiencies in complexes I and IV. This mouse model offers a drug screening platform to propel the discovery of therapeutics to treat severe neurological impairment due to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Human brain responses are modulated when exposed to optimized natural images or synthetically generated images
Authors: Gu Zijin , Jamison Keith , Sabuncu Mert R. , Kuceyeski Amy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how human brains interpret and process information is important. Here, we investigated the selectivity and inter-individual differences in human brain responses to images via functional MRI. In our first experiment, we found that images predicted to achieve maximal activations using a group level encoding model evoke higher responses than images predicted to achieve average activations, and the activation gain is positively associated with the encoding model accuracy. Furthermore, anterior temporal lobe face area (aTLfaces) and fusiform body area 1 had higher activation in response to maximal synthetic images compared to maximal natural images. In our second experiment, we found that synthetic images derived using a personalized encoding model elicited higher responses compared to synthetic images from group-level or other subjects’ encoding models. The finding of aTLfaces favoring synthetic images than natural images was also replicated. Our results indicate the possibility of using data-driven and generative approaches to modulate macro-scale brain region responses and probe inter-individual differences in and functional specialization of the human visual system.
Electroacoustic tomography for real-time visualization of electrical field dynamics in deep tissue during electroporation
Authors: Xu Yifei , Sun Leshan , Wang Siqi , Yan Yuchen , Pandey Prabodh , Novickij Vitalij , Xiang Liangzhong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite the widespread applications of electroporation in biotechnology and medicine, monitoring the distribution of deep tissue electrical fields in real-time during treatment continues to pose a challenge. Current medical imaging modalities are unable to monitor electroporation during pulse delivery. Here we propose a method to use electroacoustic tomography (EAT) to prompt the emission of broadband ultrasound waves via electrical energy deposition. EAT boasts submillimeter resolution at depths reaching 7.5 centimeters and can deliver imaging speeds up to 100 frames per second when paired with an ultrasound array system. We’ve successfully detected EAT signals at electric field strengths ranging from 60 volts per centimeter to several tens of kilovolts per centimeter. This establishes EAT as a potential label-free, high-resolution approach for real-time evaluation of deep tissue electroporation during therapeutic procedures.
Episodic Thinking in Alzheimer's Disease Through the Lens of Language: Linguistic Analysis and Transformer-Based Classification
Authors: He Rui , Yuan Xiaofeng , Hinzen Wolfram 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Episodic memory decline is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and linked to deficits in episodic thinking directed to the future. We addressed the question whether a deficit in episodic thinking can be picked up directly from connected speech and its detection can be automatized.

Method:
We linguistically classified 2,809 utterances (including embedded clauses in the utterances) from picture descriptions from 70 healthy older controls, 82 people with mild probable AD (pAD), and 46 people with moderate pAD for whether they were episodic, nonepisodic, or “other” (e.g., off-task). Generalized linear regression models were used to investigate how ratios of these categories change in AD, controlling for age, gender, and education. Finally, we applied deep learning technique to explore the feasibility of automating the episodicity analysis.

Results:
Decline in episodicity significantly distinguished controls from both mild pAD and moderate pAD. Correlation analysis suggested this decline not to be an effect of age, gender, and education but of cognitive ability. The decline was not compensated by an increase of nonepisodic utterances but mainly of off-task expressions. A transformer-based classifier to explore the possibility of automatizing the classification of episodicity achieved a macro F1 score of 0.913 in the ternary classification.

Conclusion:
These results show that a loss of episodicity is an early effect in AD that is manifested in spontaneous speech and can be reliably measured by both humans and machines.
Speech Production in Healthy Older Adults With or Without Amateur Singing Experience
Authors: Tremblay Pascale , Gagnon Lydia , Roy Johanna-Pascale , Arseneault Alison 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
Amateur singing is a universal, accessible, and enjoyable musical activity that may have positive impacts on human communication. However, evidence of an impact of singing on speech articulation is still scarce, yet understanding the effects of vocal training on speech production could provide a model for treating people with speech deficits. The aim of this study was to examine speech production in younger and older adults with or without amateur singing experience.

Method:
Thirty-eight amateur singers (aged 20–87 years, 23 women and 15 men) and 40 nonmusician active controls (aged 23–88 years, 19 women and 21 men) were recruited. A set of tasks were used to evaluate the oral motor sphere: two voice production tasks, a passage reading task, and a modified diadochokinetic (DDK) rates task performed at a natural rhythm and as quickly as possible.

Results:
Our results show that older age was associated with lower reading rate, lower articulation rate, and articulation rate variability in the DDK task, as well as reduced accuracy for the phonologically complex stimuli. Most importantly, our results show an advantage for singers over cognitively active nonsingers in terms of articulatory accuracy in the most challenging situations.

Conclusion:
This result suggests extended maximal performance capacities in amateur singers perhaps resulting from the articulatory efforts required during singing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24274813
Preliminary Findings From the Hearing Assessment in Response to Noise Screener: A New Pediatric Tool for Measuring Speech Identification in Noise
Authors: Irwin Julia , Sullivan Jessica , Fernandes Barbara , Lotto Alyssa 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
As part of the development of a speech-in-noise screener, speech recognition was measured in quiet and in an interrupted noise for 59 children with typical development according to parent report.

Method:
There were 39 monolingual and 20 bilingual participants. A corpus of 107 words were presented by a male and female speaker and present in the following conditions: +3 dB signal-to- noise ratio (SNR), −3 dB SNR, and quiet.

Results:
The participants showed increasing difficulty with speech identification as the SNR decreased. Additionally, age-related differences in accuracy were observed at each noise level.

Conclusion:
Our findings provide preliminary support for the utility and efficacy of a speech-in-noise screener for use with children.