bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the spindle speed control when milling free-form surfaces
Authors: Mgherony Abdulwahab , Mikó Balázs 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMachining free-form surfaces using ball-end mill is still common, especially for finishing and semi-finishing. However, due to the change in the surface inclination, the working diameter changes from one point to another, which affects the cutting parameters, especially the cutting speed. That means, even with constant spindle speed, the cutting speed varies during the milling process and affects the surface quality. This article defines a new method to keep the cutting speed constant, by calculating the working diameter at each point and changing the spindle speed accordingly. The results of using this method are illustrated, and a comparison was made between the surfaces of five workpieces under different feed directions before and after the optimization. The results emphasize the importance of maintaining a constant cutting speed to obtain a more homogeneous surface.
Visuomotor tracking strategies in children: associations with neurodevelopmental symptoms
Authors: Thorsson Max , Galazka Martyna A. , Johnson Mats , Åsberg Johnels Jakob , Hadjikhani Nouchine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChildren with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often display motor problems that may impact their daily lives. Studying specific motor characteristics related to spatiotemporal control may inform us about the mechanisms underlying their challenges. Fifty-eight children with varying neurodevelopmental symptoms load (median age: 5.6 years, range: 2.7–12.5 years) performed an interactive tablet-based tracking task. By investigating digit touch errors relative to the target’s movement direction, we found that a load of neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with reduced performance in the tracking of abrupt alternating directions (zigzag) and overshooting the target. In contrast, reduced performance in children without neurodevelopmental symptoms was associated with lagging behind the target. Neurodevelopmental symptom load was also associated with reduced flexibility in correcting for lateral deviations in smooth tracking (spiral). Our findings suggest that neurodevelopmental symptoms are associated with difficulties in motor regulation related to inhibitory control and reduced flexibility, impacting motor control in NDDs.
Reporting of paediatric osteoporotic vertebral fractures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and potential impact on clinical management: the need for standardised and structured reporting
Authors: Martin H. , Henderson A. , Allen R. , Childs A. M. , Dunne J. , Horrocks I. , Joseph S. , Kraft J. K. , Ward K. , Mushtaq T. , Mason A. , Kyriakou A. , Wong S. C. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
In boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), initiation of bisphosphonate is recommended upon identification of moderate or severe vertebral fractures, even if asymptomatic. Clear radiological reporting is important for consistency of clinical interpretation and management.

Objectives
To audit radiology reports of spine imaging for vertebral fracture assessment in DMD, and assess potential impact on diagnosis and management.

Materials and Methods
Lateral thoracolumbar spine imaging (71 lateral spine radiographs and 13 lateral dual energy absorptiometry spine image) in 84 boys with DMD performed across two centres. Anonymised radiology reports by paediatric radiologists were circulated to two neuromuscular clinicians and two endocrinologists. Clinicians determined if there was vertebral fracture, no vertebral fracture, or unclear interpretation. Endocrinologists also determined if bisphosphonate was indicated. A single observer (a clinician with expertise in vertebral fracture assessment) performed vertebral fracture assessment in 37 images and re-reported using a structured format. Structured reports were re-circulated to the four clinicians to re-evaluate the degree of concordance in clinical diagnosis of vertebral fracture and treatment decisions with bisphosphonate.

Results
The term “fracture” was used in 25/84 (30%) radiology reports and only in 8/43 (19%) with description of vertebral body abnormalities. Fracture grading was included in 7/43 (16%) radiology reports. Diagnostic concordance by the clinicians was noted in 36/84 (43%). Unclear interpretation was noted in 22% to 51% based on radiology reports. No unclear interpretation was noted with structured reports. Complete diagnostic (37/37, 100%) and treatment (37/37, 100%) concordance was noted with the structured reports, whereas complete diagnostic and treatment concordance was noted in only 16/37 (43%) and 17/37 (46%) of the radiology reports, respectively.

Conclusion
Only a third of radiology reports of spine imaging in DMD explicitly used the terminology “fracture”. Grading was only noted in a small percentage. Variability in diagnostic interpretation by clinicians may lead to differing management plans. As identification of vertebral fracture is a trigger for treatment, developing reporting guidelines for paediatric vertebral fracture assessment will improve care. A structured template should be introduced for radiological reporting of paediatric vertebral fracture assessment.
Inverse association between Paleolithic Diet Fraction and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study
Authors: Rydhög Björn , Carrera-Bastos Pedro , Granfeldt Yvonne , Sundquist Kristina , Sonestedt Emily , Nilsson Peter M. , Jönsson Tommy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Paleolithic Diet Fraction (PDF) estimates how large a portion of the absolute dietary intake stems from food groups included in the Paleolithic diet. In randomized controlled trials higher PDFs have been associated with healthier levels of cardiometabolic risk markers. Our aim was to build upon these findings by examining associations between PDF and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study.

Methods
PDF was calculated from an interview-based, modified diet history method, and associations were estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. The examined cohort consisted of 24,104 individuals (44–74 years, 63% women) without previous coronary events, diabetes, or stroke at baseline (1992–1996). A total of 10,092 individuals died during a median follow-up of 18 years.

Results
Median PDF was 40% (0–90%). The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for PDF as a continuous variable (from 0 to 100%) were for risk of death from all causes 0.55 [95% CI 0.45, 0.66], tumor 0.68 [95% CI 0.49, 0.93], cardiovascular 0.55 [95% CI 0.39, 0.78], respiratory 0.44 [95% CI 0.21, 0.90], neurological 0.26 [95% CI 0.11, 0.60], digestive, 0.10 [95% CI 0.03, 0.30], and other diseases 0.64 [95% CI 0.41, 1.00]. The corresponding HR for risk of coronary event was 0.61 [95% 0.43, 0.86], for ischemic stroke it was 0.73 [95% 0.48, 1.09] and for type 2 diabetes it was 0.82 [95% 0.61, 1.10].

Conclusion
Observational data suggest an inverse association between PDF and all-cause as well as cause-specific mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease.
A commentary on Eaves et al. with a special focus on clinical neurorehabilitation
Authors: Schuster-Amft Corina , Behrendt Frank 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe very much appreciate the theoretical foundations and considerations of AO, MI, and their combination AO + MI by Eaves et al. In their exploratory review, the authors highlight the beneficial effects of the combined use of AO and MI, with a particular focus on synchronous AO and MI. From a neurorehabilitation perspective, different processes may apply to patients, particularly after a stroke. As suggested by Eaves et al., the cognitive load might prevent the use of synchronous AO + MI and the asynchronous application of AO and MI might be indicated. Furthermore, some aspects should be considered when applying AO + MI in rehabilitation: screening for the patients’ cognitive capabilities and MI ability, and a familiarisation programme for AO and MI, before starting with an AO + MI training. With their review, Eaves et al. propose a number of research questions in the field of neurorehabilitation that urgently need to be addressed: the use of asynchronous vs. synchronous AOMI, observation and imagination with or without errors, or use of different MI perspectives and modes in different learning stages. This commentary provides some additional suggestions on patients’ MI ability and cognitive level, MI familiarisation and detailed reporting recommendations to transfer Eaves et al. findings into clinical practice.
Impact of wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge on the antibiotic resistome in downstream aquatic environments: a mini review
Authors: Su Zhiguo , Chen Lyujun , Wen Donghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a significant challenge in human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), acting as a link between human activities and the environment, create ideal conditions for the selection and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). Unfortunately, current treatment processes are ineffective in removing ARGs, resulting in the release of large quantities of ARB and ARGs into the aquatic environment through WWTP effluents. This, in turn, leads to their dispersion and potential transmission to human through water and the food chain. To safeguard human and environmental health, it is crucial to comprehend the mechanisms by which WWTP effluent discharge influences the distribution and diffusion of ARGs in downstream waterbodies. In this study, we examine the latest researches on the antibiotic resistome in various waterbodies that have been exposed to WWTP effluent, highlighting the key influencing mechanisms. Furthermore, recommendations for future research and management strategies to control the dissemination of ARGs from WWTPs to the environment are provided, with the aim to achieve the “One Health” objective.
Enhancing Patient Satisfaction in Cross-Regional Healthcare: a Cross-Sectional Study in the Knowledge-Based Healthcare Landscape
Authors: Li Li , Cui Xin , Feng Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the wake of China’s monumental achievement in establishing the world’s most extensive social health insurance system, encompassing 1.4 billion individuals, a unique challenge known as the “siphoning effect” has emerged. This effect involves insured individuals seeking medical care predominantly in major urban centers, straining resources and hindering local healthcare service development. A policy innovation of cross-regional direct settlement of medical outpatient expenses has been implemented nationwide to address this. However, increased population mobility and urbanization have introduced new complexities, prompting insured individuals to seek healthcare beyond their home regions. This study explores the determinants of patient satisfaction in the context of cross-regional medical treatment, adopting a comprehensive approach across six independent dimensions. Findings indicate a 70% satisfaction rate, emphasizing room for improvement, particularly in communication and service efficiency. The study reaffirms the significance of medical competence and professionalism as primary determinants of patient satisfaction, highlighting their robustness in diverse healthcare contexts. Sociodemographic factors also play a crucial role, emphasizing the need for tailored services. Also, accessible information within hospital settings proves vital in enhancing patient satisfaction. This research calls for prioritizing investments in enhancing medical competence and professionalism among healthcare staff. It underscores the importance of adapting services to cater to specific patient groups’ characteristics and the need for standardization in medical insurance policies. A patient-centered approach is crucial to ensure comprehensive and easily understandable information, ultimately enhancing overall patient satisfaction in cross-regional medical treatment within China’s evolving healthcare system. These insights contribute to a broader understanding of healthcare management and services.
Impact of an antibiotic stewardship initiative on urgent-care respiratory prescribing across patient race, ethnicity, and language
Authors: Seibert Allan M. , Hersh Adam L. , Patel Payal K. , Hicks Lauri A. , Fino Nora , Stanfield Valoree , Stenehjem Edward A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe conducted a post hoc analysis of an antibiotic stewardship intervention implemented across our health system’s urgent-care network to determine whether there was a differential impact among patient groups. Respiratory urgent-care antibiotic prescribing decreased for all racial, ethnic, and preferred language groups, but disparities in antibiotic prescribing persisted.
RadioGalaxyNET: Dataset and novel computer vision algorithms for the detection of extended radio galaxies and infrared hosts
Authors: Gupta Nikhel , Hayder Zeeshan , Norris Ray P. , Huynh Minh , Petersson Lars 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCreating radio galaxy catalogues from next-generation deep surveys requires automated identification of associated components of extended sources and their corresponding infrared hosts. In this paper, we introduce RadioGalaxyNET, a multimodal dataset, and a suite of novel computer vision algorithms designed to automate the detection and localization of multi-component extended radio galaxies and their corresponding infrared hosts. The dataset comprises 4 155 instances of galaxies in 2 800 images with both radio and infrared channels. Each instance provides information about the extended radio galaxy class, its corresponding bounding box encompassing all components, the pixel-level segmentation mask, and the keypoint position of its corresponding infrared host galaxy. RadioGalaxyNET is the first dataset to include images from the highly sensitive Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope, corresponding infrared images, and instance-level annotations for galaxy detection. We benchmark several object detection algorithms on the dataset and propose a novel multimodal approach to simultaneously detect radio galaxies and the positions of infrared hosts.
Effects of neighborhood disadvantage and peer deviance on adolescent antisocial behavior: Testing potential interactions with age-of-onset
Authors: Goetz Courtney M. , Frick Paul J. , Thornton Laura , Ray James V. , Wall Meyers Tina , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

AbstractResearch has suggested that childhood-onset conduct problems (CPs) are more strongly related to individual predispositions, whereas adolescent-onset CP is more strongly associated with social factors, such as peer delinquency. Neighborhood disadvantage (ND) increases the risk for associating with deviant peers. Thus, peer delinquency could mediate the relationship between ND and adolescent-onset CP. This mediational hypothesis has not been tested previously. We tested this hypothesis in 1,127 justice-involved adolescent males using self-reported delinquency and official arrest records over 3 years after the youth’s first arrest as outcomes. Predictors were self-reported and census-derived indicators of ND and self-reported peer delinquency. Age of onset moderated the associations between self-reported ND and arrests and between self-report of peer delinquency and arrests. In both cases, the association was stronger for those with adolescent-onset CP. Peer delinquency mediated all relationships between ND and CP. Our results also showed some unexpected differences in associations depending on whether self-reported ND or census-derived indicators were used as predictors. Specifically, census-derived ND was negatively related to self-reported offending, which could be due to the use of an arrested sample and the need for youth in more advantaged neighborhoods to show a more severe pattern of antisocial behavior to be arrested.
Producing a smaller sound system: Acoustics and articulation of the subset scenario in Gaelic–English bilinguals
Authors: Nance Claire , Kirkham Sam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhen a bilingual speaker has a larger linguistic sub-system in their L1 than their L2, how are L1 categories mapped to the smaller set of L2 categories? This article investigates this “subset scenario” (Escudero, 2005) through an analysis of laterals in highly proficient bilinguals (Scottish Gaelic L1, English L2). Gaelic has three lateral phonemes and English has one. We examine acoustics and articulation (using ultrasound tongue imaging) of lateral production in speakers’ two languages. Our results suggest that speakers do not copy a relevant Gaelic lateral into their English, instead maintaining language-specific strategies, with speakers also producing English laterals with positional allophony. These results show that speakers develop a separate production strategy for their L2. Our results advance models such as the L2LP which has mainly considered perception data, and also contribute articulatory data to this area of study.
Assessing vocabulary of bilingual German-Turkish preschool children
Authors: Mangold Madlen , Lenhard Wolfgang , Schindler Julia , Schulz Daniel , Richter Tobias 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe vocabulary of bilingual children is determined by various linguistic factors that develop depending on the language input and individual factors of these children. To understand vocabulary development and to be able to support these children accordingly, the assessment instruments essentially need to be adapted to this individual process. The current study examined factors influencing productive vocabulary performance by means of explanatory item-response models on a sample of 126 German monolingual and Turkish—German bilingual preschool children aged between 3 and 6 years. We analyzed item features with respect to lexical category, length, frequency, age of acquisition, and complexity in dependence of the language background of the children. Apart from a general delay in the development and some language specific characteristics, the results indicate a parallel shifted acquisition of vocabulary in bilingual children, which is nonetheless shaped by the same factors as in monolinguals.
Kant’s Derivation of Imperatives of Duty
Authors: Ramsauer Laurenz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOn the currently dominant reading of the Groundwork, Kant’s derivation of ‘imperatives of duty’ exemplifies a decision procedure for the derivation of concrete duties in moral deliberation. However, Kant’s response to an often-misidentified criticism of the Groundwork by G. A. Tittel suggests that Kant was remarkably unconcerned with arguing for the practicality of the categorical imperative as a decision procedure. Instead, I argue that the main aim of Kant’s derivation of imperatives of duty was to show how his analysis of the form of moral judgement is indeed presupposed in the four types of moral imperative that philosophers of his time recognized.
Multi‐Timescale Variations of δ18O‐δ13C in Stalagmites: Insights Into Isotopic Disequilibrium and Human Activities
Authors: Duan Wuhui , Cai Binggui , Tao Tao , Yang Xiao , Tan Ming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe reasons for covariations of speleothem δ13C and δ18O remain controversial, primarily due to the limited high‐resolution stalagmite records that can be compared with meteorological data. This study presents δ13C and δ18O records of two coeval, annually laminated stalagmites (TS9701 and TS9501) spanning the past ∼2000 years from Shihua cave, Beijing, northern China. The low correlation between stalagmite TS9701 records, with annual resolution, and local annual precipitation as well as mean annual temperature on interannual to decadal scales indicates that the positive covariations of δ18O and δ13C in TS9701 are partly attributed to kinetic isotope effects caused by rapid CO2 degassing. Isotopic disequilibrium between HCO3−(aq) and drip water, induced by prior calcite precipitation on cave ceiling and stalactite surface, is another potential contributing factor. δ18O and δ13C exhibits distinct patterns on multidecadal to millennial timescales. δ18O records show notable centennial variability, aligning with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation cycles. In contrast, δ13C profiles reveal a decreasing trend during the first ∼750 years, followed by an increasing trend. Prior to 1588 AD, variations in δ13C broadly correspond to changes in warm season temperature and/or moisture on centennial scale. Both δ13C records show an abrupt enrichment between 1588 and 1654 AD. Historical documents indicate that this anomaly is likely attributed to coal mining and resultant deforestation around Shihua cave during late‐Ming and early‐Qing Dynasties. In summary, while isotopic disequilibrium can cause high‐frequency covariations of speleothem δ18O and δ13C, it does not erase the imprints of climate changes and human activities on multidecadal to millennial timescales.
Therapeutic effect of microRNA-21 on differentially expressed hub genes in gastric cancer based on systems biology
Authors: Kalajahi Hesam Ghafouri , Yari AmirHossein , Amini Mohammad , Catal Tunc , Ahmadpour Youshanlui Mahya , Pourbagherian Omid , Zhmurov Cigdem Sezer , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of mortality for many people. Cancer’s initiating factors are poorly understood. miR-21 has a crucial function in several malignancies, particularly GC. Furthermore, it has been shown that miR-21 is critical for the emergence and advancement of GC. This work intends to identify new genes which expression is associated with the activity of mir-21 in GC and to investigate the effect of downregulation of mir-21 on these genes and gastric tumorigenesis. We utilized the gene expression profiles of GCs from an Array database (GSE13911) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and gastric cancer groups. Using weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) in R, the Gene co-expression network was reconstructed. The microRNA–mRNA network was then reconstructed using the miRWalk database, and by investigating the microRNA–mRNA network, the genes that have an association with mir-21 were found. To implement the functional investigation, MKN and AGS cell lines were transfected with anti-miR-21 next. Subsequently, MTT proliferation was utilized to assess the cell's vitality. qRT-PCR was then used to evaluate the anticipated levels of gene expression in both GC cell lines. This study discovered and predicted CCL28, NR3C2, and SNYPO2 as the targets of miR-21 (GC), which are downregulated through gastric tumorigenesis, showing great potential as therapeutic and diagnostic targets. The suppression of miR-21 in gastric GC cells led to the inhibition of cell proliferation and decreased expression of CCL28, NR3C2, and SNYPO2 genes. This study established that miR-21, via downregulating these genes, contributes significantly to the development of GC. In addition, systems biology techniques identified CCL28, NR3C2, and SNYPO2 genes as possible GC surveillance and therapy components.