bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIA‐1+ cytotoxic large T‐cell lymphoma of the mediastinum: Case report
Authors: Yang Grace C.H. , Yee Herman T. , Wu C. Daniel , Aye Lwin M. , Chachoua Abraham 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA 52‐year‐old previously healthy Caucasian woman presented with superior vena cava syndrome, secondary to compression of a bulky anterior mediastinal mass involving the right lung. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of the mediastinum yielded large epithelioid cells intermingled with small mature lymphocytes. The epithelioid cells are LCA positive, expressing cytoplasmic CD3 diffusely and TIA‐1 focally, but negative for EMA, CD4, CD8, CD15, CD20, CD30, and CD56. The TIA‐1+ cytoplasmic granules correlated to the azurophilic granules in Diff‐Quik‐stained cells, pink granules in Ultrafast Papanicolaou‐stained cells, and dense core granules in electron microscopy. In situ hybridization for Epstein‐Barr viral RNA was negative. The background small lymphocytes were composed of a majority of CD4+ T‐lymphocytes and minority of CD8+ T‐lymphocytes. The patient responded well to six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy, followed by radiation with a total dose of 4140 cGy delivered to the mediastinum in 23 fractions. On the chest X‐ray taken 6 mo later, there was minimal apical fibrosis with no evidence of an acute intrathoracic pathology. To the best of our knowledge, this case may be the first report of cytotoxic large T‐cell lymphoma of the mediastinum. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:154–157; DOI 10.1002/dc.10050 © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dysphagia in a patient with a history of large B‐cell lymphoma: Esophageal disease with negative biopsy findings
Authors: Crook Terri W. , Robinson Robert A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA patient with a previous diagnosis of lymphoma showed signs of dysphagia. Endoscopy found a lesion of the esophagus. Brush cytology and biopsy sampling were accomplished. The biopsy showed inflammation and granulation tissue but no tumor. The cytology specimen, however, was diagnostic of lymphoma. This case emphasizes the need for obtaining cytologic specimens concurrently with biopsies of esophageal lesions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:167–169; DOI 10.1002/dc.10078 © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estrogen and progesterone hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma: Comparison of immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Tafjord Svetlana , Bøhler Per J. , Risberg Bjørn , Torlakovic Emina 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe evaluated the correlation between histologic and cytologic specimens in the determination of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status in breast carcinoma and investigated the causes of clinically significant discrepancies. We analyzed 70 immunoassays for ER and 60 for PR from 71 patients with breast carcinoma. Concordance between cytology and histology was 89% for ER and 63% for PR using scores from pathology reports. Concordance between cytology and histology was 98% for ER and 91% for PR using consensus scores (obtained after reevaluation by the team of pathologists). Thirty of 130 (23%) tests had clinically relevant discrepancies, 53% of which were caused by wrong interpretation of cytologic findings, 10% by wrong interpretation of histologic findings, 17% by sampling error and 20% were not available for reevaluation. Wrong interpretation of the results for ER and PR status in cytology was a far more frequent cause of clinically relevant discrepancies than sampling errors. The use of strict criteria is recommended. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:137–141; DOI 10.1002/dc.10079 © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic clue of so‐called nodular histiocytic hyperplasia of the pleura
Authors: Choi Yoon‐La , Song Sang‐Yong 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSo‐called “nodular histiocytic hyperplasia” (NHH) is a benign histiocytic lesion caused by mechanical irritation, inflammation, and tumor. Frequently, it has been confused with mesothelial lesions and other malignant neoplasms. The diagnostic clue is proliferating cells in the lesion showing diffuse, strong immunoreactivity against the histiocytic marker, CD68. Recently, we encountered a case of so‐called NHH of the pleura and confused it with various malignant neoplasms on histologic examination. An 80‐yr‐old Korean female presented with ascites, pleural effusions, and nodules on the pleural base. Both ascites and pleural effusion tapping smears displayed moderate cellularity, vaguely nodular cellular aggregates mainly composed of mononuclear cells with bland morphology, entrapped mesothelial cells, and background lymphocytes. Pleural biopsy demonstrated vaguely nodular, compact cellular aggregates of reactive histiocytes which were immunoreactive against CD68. Based on our case, cytologic examination as well as immunohistochemical study should be stressed in the case of so‐called NHH. They can provide us more credible morphologic clues to reach a more accurate diagnosis than histologic examination alone, and we can avoid invasive procedures or unnecessary therapies to patients. To our best knowledge, this is the first report describing the cytologic features of so‐called NHH in the English‐language literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:256–259, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic spectrum of 227 fine‐needle aspiration cases of chest‐wall lesions
Authors: Goel Amit , Gupta S.K. , Dey P. , Radhika S. , Nijhawan R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study was carried out with the objective of studying the cytomorphology of the wide variety of chest‐wall lesions. Two hundred twenty‐seven chest‐wall lesions were studied over a period of 4 yr. Routine May‐Grünwald‐Giemsa (MGG) and hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E) slides were studied along with special stains, whenever required. The malignant lesions comprised 36.13% of all cases (81/227). Of the 126 benign lesions, the majority were inflammatory in nature (68/126), the next commonest lesion being lipoma (38/126). Rare cases of tuberculosis involving the sternum, epithelioid leiomyosarcoma, and neuroendocrine tumors involving ribs, malignant nerve sheath tumors involving the chest wall, metastatic carcinoma of the stomach and prostate, and papillary carcinoma thyroid are reported in this series. Histopathology was available in 24 cases, and hematological correlation in one case. A 100% cytohistological and cytohematological correlation was found, with no false positives or false negatives. In conclusion, fine‐needle aspiration cytology is a rapid, diagnostic tool, eliciting many interesting lesions in the chest wall. It is useful not only in detecting primary and metastatic lesions, but also in follow‐up of tumor recurrence. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:384–388, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration of hepatocellular carcinoma: False‐negative result due to epithelioid cells
Authors: Najat Mourra  , Flejou Jean‐François 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe presence of epithelioid cells in fine‐needle aspirations of a liver nodule is rare, but may complicate the diagnosis of the nodule. We report on a case of a liver nodule in hepatitis C cirrhosis. Results of fine‐needle aspiration mainly revealed the presence of epithelioid cells, without any recognizable tumor cells. Histological examination of the nodule after surgical resection showed a hepatocellular carcinoma with numerous epithelioid and gigantocellular granulomas, without necrosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:396–398, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myoepithelioma presenting as a midline cystic tongue lesion: Cytology, histology, ancillary studies, and differential diagnosis
Authors: De Las Casas Luis E. , Hoerl H.D. , Oberley T.D. , Hafez G.R. , Sempf J.M. , Shalkham J.E. , Kurtycz D.F.I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSalivary gland myoepithelioma (ME) is a neoplasm derived from myoepithelial cells that lacks the ductal and broad mesenchymal differentiation seen in the vast majority of mixed tumors. This report describes the cytologic findings of a cystic ME presenting in the midline of the dorsal tongue, a site where no salivary glands are generally present. The tumor was well circumscribed and composed of sheets of monotonous epithelioid cells without ductal cells. The cells were positive for S‐100 protein and ultrastructurally had features of myoepithelial cells. The fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy findings, differential diagnosis, histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopic features of this interesting and uncommon neoplasm are presented. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no cytologic reports of ME of the tongue. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:403–407, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neural network‐based screening (NNS) in cervical cytology: No need for the light microscope?
Authors: Kok Myrthe R. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Boon Mathilde E. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Kok Lambrecht P. , Schreiner‐Kok Petra G. , van der Graaf Yolanda , Doornewaard Heleen , van den Tweel Jan G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNeural network‐based screening (NNS) of cervical smears can be performed as a so‐called “hybrid screening method,” in which parts of the cases are additionally studied by light microscope, and it can also be used as “pure” NNS, in which the cytological diagnosis is based only on the digital images, generated by the NNS system. A random enriched sample of 985 cases, in a previous study diagnosed by hybrid NNS, was drawn to be screened by pure NNS. This study population comprised 192 women with (pre)neoplasia of the cervix, and 793 negative cases. With pure NNS, more cases were recognized as severely abnormal; with hybrid NNS, more cases were cytologically diagnosed as low‐grade. For a threshold value ≥HSIL (high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC) were 81% (95% CI, 75–88%) for pure NNS vs. 78% (95% CI, 75–81%) for hybrid NNS. For low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), the AUC was significantly higher for hybrid NNS (81%; 95% CI, 77–85%) than for pure NNS (75%; 95% CI, 70–80%). Pure NNS provides optimized prediction of HSIL cases or negative outcome. For the detection of LSIL, light microscopy has additional value. Diagn. Cytopathol. 24:426–434, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tophaceous pseudogout: A pitfall in the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma
Authors: Lambrecht Nils , Nelson Scott D. , Seeger Leanne , Bose Shikha 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTumoral calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (TCPPD, tumoral or tophaceous pseudogout) is a rare nonneoplastic entity which mimics soft‐tissue or skeletal malignancy. We present here the fine‐needle aspiration cytology findings of a unique case of TCPPD in a 76‐yr‐old woman, with a large paraischial soft‐tissue mass diagnosed as a malignant neoplasm. The difficulty in diagnosing such lesions by fine‐needle aspirates is discussed and reviewed in the context of known cases from the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 25:258–261, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential action of KR‐31378, a novel potassium channel activator, on cardioprotective and hemodynamic effects
Authors: Lee Byung Ho , Seo Ho Won , Yoo Sung‐Eun , Kim Sun‐Ok , Lim Hong , Shin Hwa Sup 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe cardioprotective and hemodynamic effects of KR‐31378, a highly cardioselective ATP‐sensitive potassium channel activator with minimal hypotensive effect, were evaluated in rats and dogs, and compared with those of BMS‐191095 and lemakalim. KR‐31378 did not show any significant effect on methoxamine‐induced aortic constriction up to doses of 300 μM, whereas BMS 191095 produced a moderately potent relaxant effect (IC50: 9.0 μM). In conscious rats, KR‐31378 slightly increased blood pressure only at high dose (100 mg/kg, iv), unlike BMS‐191095 that dose‐dependently decreased blood pressure (ED20: 2.03 mg/kg). In anesthetized beagle dogs, KR‐31378 was approximately 100‐fold less potent than BMS‐191095 for most hemodynamic parameters (iv ED20 for blood pressure lowering: 33.7 and 0.37 mg/kg, respectively). In anesthetized rats subjected to 45‐min coronary occlusion and 90‐min reperfusion, KR‐31378 (iv) dose‐dependently reduced the infarct zone from 58.6% to 42.1%, 36.6%, and 34.3% for 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively (P < 0.05), the effects being comparable to those of BMS 191095. In anesthetized beagle dogs that underwent 2‐h occlusion followed by 4.5‐h reperfusion, KR‐31378 (2 mg/kg, iv infusion) markedly reduced the infarct zone from 48.7% in controls to 19.1% at a dose of 2 mg/kg (P < 0.05). The reduction in infarct zone afforded by KR‐31378 in rats was inhibited by pretreatment with selective ATP‐sensitive potassium channel blockers, sodium 5‐hydroxydecanoate and glibenclamide. These results indicate that KR‐31378 is a potent cardioprotective agent with potentially minimal hypotensive effects. Thus, it could be potentially useful in the prevention and treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Drug Dev. Res. 54:182–190, 2001. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of long‐term stabilization of cationic liposomes as defibrotide delivery system for antithrombotic activity
Authors: Esposito Elisabetta , Cortesi Rita , Porta Roberto , Trento Fabio , Nastruzzi Claudio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe general goal of this study was to produce cationic liposome formulations suitable for the in vivo administration of defibrotide (DFT) (a DNA‐based drug) and to investigate in vitro and in vivo the stability of such a formulation. This article describes the freeze‐drying of cationic liposomes using as cryoprotectants different carbohydrates, such as sorbitol, mannitol, and sucrose. Liposome characteristics before and after freeze‐drying, such as size, morphology, and ability in complexing a DNA‐based drug, have been investigated. The in vitro studies indicate that cationic liposomes sufficiently maintain the initial characteristics after lyophilization and rehydration including the ability to complex DFT. The in vivo data show that lyophilized cationic liposome formulations can be safely stored for at least 3 months. Before in vivo use, liposomes can be rehydrated with DFT solutions, resulting in the formation of stable complexes retaining an in vivo activity comparable to that of the freshly prepared formulation. Drug Dev. Res. 55:127–138, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
KMUP 880708: A vanyllilamide‐based β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist with α‐adrenoceptor blocking and potassium channel opening activities
Authors: Chiu Chaw‐Chi , Chen Yea‐Wen , Wu Jiunn‐Ren , Lin Young‐Tso , Chen Ing‐Jun , Yeh Jwu‐Lai 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA vanillylamide‐based propanolamine derivative, KMUP 880708, was first investigated both in vivo and in vitro. KMUP 880708 (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg kg–1, iv) produced dose‐dependent hypotensive and bradycardia responses in pentobarbital‐anesthetized Wistar rats. KMUP 880708 (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg kg–1, iv) also markedly inhibited both the tachycardia effects induced by (–)isoproterenol and arterial pressor responses induced by phenylephrine. KMUP 880708 competitively antagonized (–)isoproterenol‐induced positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of the atria and tracheal relaxation responses on isolated guinea pig tissues. The apparent pA2 values for KMUP 880708 was 7.82 ± 0.06 in the right atria, 7.51 ± 0.13 in the left atria, and 6.31 ± 0.07 in the trachea, respectively, indicating that KMUP 880708 was selective β1‐adrenoceptor blocker. In thoracic aorta experiments, KMUP 880708 also produced a competitive antagonism of norepinephrine‐induced contraction with pA2 value of 7.92 ± 0.52, indicating that KMUP 880708 was α‐adrenoceptor antagonist. In isolated rat thoracic aorta, KMUP 880708 more potently relaxed the contractions induced by phenylephrine (10–5 M) than those by high K+ (75 mM). KMUP 880708‐induced relaxation was significantly reduced by endothelium removal and by exposure to L‐NG‐nitro arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME, 1 and 3 × 10–4 M), indomethacin (3 × 10–5 M), methylene blue (10–5 M) and 1H‐[1,2,4]oxadiazolol[4,3,‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐one (ODQ, 10–6 M). The vasorelaxant effect of KMUP 880708 on phenylephrine‐induced contraction was attenuated by the pretreatment with tetraethylammonium (TEA), glibenclamide, charybdotoxin, and apamin, but not by 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP). In addition, KMUP 880708 inhibited phenylephrine‐induced biphasic contraction and affected the fast‐twitch phase more significantly than the slow tonic phase. In the radioligand‐binding assay, the Ki values of [3H]CGP‐12177 binding to rat ventricle and lung membranes were 15.14 and 524.81 nM, respectively, and the value of [3H]prazosin binding to rat brain membrane was 3.89 nM. The ranking order of inhibition for [3H]CGP‐12177 binding on β‐adrenoceptor was propranolol > labetalol > KMUP 880708 > atenolol, and that for [3H]prazosin binding to α‐adrenoceptor was KMUP 880708 > labetalol. In conclusion, KMUP 880708 was found to be a new generation α/β‐adrenoceptor blocker with selective β1‐adrenoceptor blocking and vascular smooth muscle relaxation activities. Furthermore, the vasodilator effect of KMUP 880708 is attributed to the release of NO or NO‐related substance from vascular endothelium. While the endothelium‐independent mechanism involved in the relaxation of KMUP 880708 is probably linked to K+ channel activation in these vessels. Drug Dev. Res. 55:104–117, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Probing adenosine and P2 receptors: Design of novel purines and nonpurines as selective ligands
Authors: Jacobson Kenneth A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractRecent approaches to the design of selective agonists and antagonists at adenosine (AR) and P2 receptors include both modifying known receptor ligands and searching for structurally diverse antagonists. The ribose‐like moiety of nucleoside/nucleotide derivatives was rigidified with a methanocarba (mc) modification, to constrain the ring in a conformation that was favored in binding to ARs or P2Y receptors. (N)‐mc analogs of various N6‐substituted adenosine derivatives, including cyclopentyl and 3‐iodobenzyl, in which the parent compounds are potent agonists at either A1 or A3ARs, respectively, retained high receptor affinity and selectivity. For nucleotides acting as P2Y1 receptor antagonists, the (N)‐mc analog MRS 2279 ((1R,2S,4S,5S)‐1‐[(phosphato)methyl]‐4‐(2‐chloro‐6‐methylaminopurin‐9‐yl) bicyclo [3.1.0]‐hexane‐2‐phosphate) proved to be a selective antagonist, with an IC50 of 52 nM. Other ribose substitutions possible in P2Y1 receptor antagonists were 4‐ and 6‐membered rings and acyclic derivatives. High affinity for the A2BAR was achieved through the formation of anilides and benzylamides of XCC (8‐[4‐[[[carboxy]methyl]oxy]phenyl]‐1,3‐dipropylxanthine). A p‐cyanoaniline derivative (MRS 1754, Ki value 1.97 nM) was 205‐, 255‐, and 289‐fold selective for the human A2BARs vs. human A1/A2A/A3 ARs, respectively. A template approach based on the pyridine family, i.e., 1,4‐dihydropyridine nucleus and the corresponding 3,5‐diacylpyridines, was used for the design of novel adenosine antagonists. The pyridine derivative MRS 1523 (5‐propyl‐2‐ethyl‐4‐propyl‐3‐(ethylsulfanylcarbonyl)‐6‐phenylpyridine‐5‐carboxylate) was shown to be a selective antagonist at the rat A3AR as well as the human A3AR. Chemical libraries were screened computationally and using binding assays to identify novel AR antagonists. Molecular modeling of ARs and P2Y receptors provided hypotheses for ligand docking. Drug Dev. Res. 52:178–186, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adenosine A2A receptor ligands: Effects on neuronal excitability
Authors: Phillis John W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOur evolving understanding of the mechanisms involved in the actions of adenosine on central neurons during the course of the past three decades has largely been a consequence of certain specific advances. Early recognition that adenosine could either inhibit or stimulate cyclic AMP formation led to the concept of A1 (inhibitory) or A2 (stimulatory) receptors coupled via G proteins to adenylate cyclase. The early development of selective agonists and antagonists for the A1 binding site then stimulated a considerable volume of pharmacological research on the actions of this receptor. Evidence for the existence of more than one type of A2 receptor also accumulated, culminating in the cloning of two receptors, the high‐affinity A2A and lower‐affinity A2B receptors. The synthesis and availability of CGS 21680, a selective agonist for the A2A receptor, made possible studies on the pharmacological effects of its activation and the subsequent development of a series of A2A receptor antagonists has further clarified the roles that this receptor plays in the central nervous system. Whereas A1 receptor activation inhibits synaptic transmission, primarily by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from presynaptic nerve terminals, A2A receptor stimulation appears to enhance neurotransmitter release as a result of increased Ca2+ uptake. In brain slices, CGS 21680 facilitates excitatory transmission by increasing glutamate and acetylcholine release. However, when tested in vivo on central neurons by iontophoretic application, CGS 21680 has had a powerful depressant effect on neuronal activity which was blocked by coapplication of an A2A receptor antagonist but not by a selective A1 receptor antagonist. Further studies with the GABAA antagonists bicuculline and picrotoxin, which also block the inhibitory actions of CGS 21680, revealed that in this instance A2A receptor activation facilitates GABA release, causing inhibition of neuronal firing. Whether the GABA release is a consequence of enhanced excitatory drive to GABAergic neurons or is a direct effect of an action at A2A receptors on GABAergic nerve terminals remains uncertain. Drug Dev. Res. 52:331–336, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Classical conditioning in the rat fetus: Involvement of mu and kappa opioid systems in the conditioned response
Authors: Smotherman William P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWhen the Embryonic Day 20 (E20) rat fetus is given a conditioning trial involving a paired presentation of an artificial nipple (the conditioned stimulus; CS) with an intraoral infusion of milk (the unconditioned stimulus; US), it shows evidence of classical conditioning when again exposed to the CS during a test trial. Specifically, the fetus shows fewer oral grasp responses (the conditioned response; CR) when continuously presented with the artificial nipple. The present study further investigated this classically conditioned reduction in oral grasping. Separate experiments (a) examined the time course of the reduction in oral grasping (Experiment 1), (b) characterized the time course of mu opioid (Experiment 2) and kappa opioid (Experiment 3) involvement in the CR, and (c) described changes in fetal behavior (Experiment 4) associated with mu and kappa opioid effects on responding to the artificial nipple. The results are discussed in terms of opioid involvement in establishing and maintaining early suckling behavior. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 40: 104–115, 2002. DOI 10.1002/dev.10016
Converging methods in developmental science: An introduction
Authors: Casey B. J. , Munakata Yuko 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis special issue of Developmental Psychobiology reflects a number of recent advances in the field of developmental neuroscience. The most evident are methodological advances in noninvasive neuroimaging such as those described in a parallel special issue of Developmental Science, Volume 5, 2002. While advances in imaging methods offer a new era in developmental research, other methods (e.g., animal, computational, lesion, and genetic) remain essential in constraining and informing theories of brain and behavioral development. The papers in this issue highlight the importance of a converging methods approach to the study of developmental science and illustrate how a variety of available tools allow insights into both new and classic developmental questions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 40: 197–199, 2002. DOI 10.1002/dev.10026