bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meaning in life as a mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 stress and COVID-19 burnout in general population
Authors: Sood Sarita 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThere is a link between stress experienced during adversity and negative outcomes, which demands the identification of mechanisms to minimize the harm. However, to date, these mechanisms remain unclear. This study will help us understand how to reduce the negative impact of COVID-19 stress (CS) on COVID-19 burnout (CB). The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of meaning in life (MIL) in the relationship between CS and CB in the general population.Design/methodology/approachDuring the second wave of COVID-19 in India, 514 adults aged 18–75 years (M= 33.11 ± SD =10.42) completed the survey online. Testing of the model was conducted using the structural equation modeling technique.FindingsResults indicated that CS had a positive impact on CB. CS explained 49% of the variance in CB. A mediation model was used to examine the relationship between CS and CB through MIL, which was also supported.Practical implicationsThese findings explain the efficacy of MIL in reducing harm. It is imperative to promote MIL to prevent negative outcomes. Instead of treating symptoms of disorders, psychologists, mental health professionals and health-care workers should focus on prevention.Originality/valueThe model explains the underlying mechanisms between CS and CB. This is among the very few studies attempting to explore these variables among the general population. Therefore, it adds to the literature on ways to reduce the negative impact of stressors.
The digital dilemma: navigating leadership and learning in the modern age
Authors: Heath Paul 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
This study aims to help organisations navigate leadership and learning in the digital age.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on desk research and the author’s expertise from a 20-year career in L&D.

Findings
This study finds that for organisations to respond to technological change they need to get their employees fit for the future. They can do this by focusing on leadership in testing times, embedding transferable skills and adopting the latest approaches to Learning and Development including live learning, learning content and a learning platform.

Originality/value
This study is original thinking by the author and builds on his experience as a senior L&D consultant.
Triptolide inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the circNOX4/miR‐153‐3p/SATB1 signaling pathway
Authors: Liang Hanping , Che Weibi , Peng Fengyuan , Chen Huilong , Xie Xihao , Wu Bomeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the role and mechanism of triptolide in regulating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression by mediating the circular RNA (circRNA)‐related pathway.MethodsThe expression levels of circNOX4, miR‐153‐3p and special AT‐rich sequence binding protein‐1 (SATB1) were measured by qRT‐PCR. Cell proliferation was confirmed by cell counting kit‐8 assay and colony formation assay. Flow cytometry was employed to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle process. Moreover, cell migration and invasion were detected using transwell assay. The protein levels of epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation markers and SATB1 were determined by western blot analysis. Furthermore, dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were performed to confirm the interaction between miR‐153‐3p and circNOX4 or SATB1. Xenograft tumor models were built to verify the effects of triptolide and circNOX4 on ESCC tumor growth.ResultsCircNOX4 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and cells, and its expression could be reduced by triptolide. Triptolide could inhibit ESCC proliferation, cell cycle process, migration, invasion, EMT process, and promote apoptosis, while these effects were reversed by circNOX4 overexpression. MiR‐153‐3p could be sponged by circNOX4, and the promotion effect of circNOX4 on the progression of triptolide‐treated ESCC cells was abolished by miR‐153‐3p overexpression. SATB1 was a target of miR‐153‐3p. Also, SATB1 knockdown reversed the enhancing effect of miR‐153‐3p inhibitor on the progression of triptolide‐treated ESCC cells. Triptolide reduced ESCC tumor growth by regulating the circNOX4/miR‐153‐3p/SATB1 axis.ConclusionTriptolide could hinder ESCC progression, which was mainly achieved by regulating the circNOX4/miR‐153‐3p/SATB1 axis.
Sleep medicines are often prescribed for older adults (≥75 years) without appropriate dosing instructions: A nationwide retrospective register study in Finland
Authors: Eronen Sini‐Tuulia , Kurko Terhi , Kivelä Sirkka‐Liisa , Paunio Tiina , Airaksinen Marja , Rantamäki Tomi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundSleep medicines should be prescribed cautiously, accompanied by instructions that ensure appropriate use and reduce risks. This is especially important for older adults, for whom many of these medicines are classified as potentially inappropriate medicines.MethodsWe investigated the use and appropriateness of dosing instructions for sleep medicines (described in the Finnish National Current Care Guideline for Insomnia) prescribed for older adults (≥75 years) and dispensed with instruction label in pharmacies. The retrospective reimbursement register data for year 2020 by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland was used as the data source (1,080,843 purchases by 143,886 individuals of which 565,228 purchases were pharmacy dispenses). The appropriateness of the pharmacy dosing instructions containing keyword(s) referring to insomnia treatment was examined according to the prescribed dose, time of intake, frequency of use, and warnings/remarks. A random sample of 1000 instructions was used to manually analyze the phrasing and appropriateness.OutcomesWe focused our analysis on 58.1% (328,285 purchases by 87,396 individuals) of the pharmacy dispenses, which contained dosing instructions referring insomnia treatment. Of these, zopiclone and mirtazapine were the most prescribed drugs (134,631 and 112,463 purchases, respectively). Dose and time of intake were specified in most of the instructions (98.4% and 83.4%, respectively), whereas frequency of use was specified in 57.3%. A small percentage of the instructions included warnings/remarks (2.8%). Overall, only 2.1% of the instructions contained information about a single dose, time of intake, temporary use, and warnings/remarks and were thus defined as sufficient. Notably, 47.7% (n = 515,615) of all the purchases in our dataset were dispensed via automated multi‐dose dispensing systems, which is aimed for long‐term treatment.InterpretationIt is common to prescribe sleep medicines for older adults without appropriate dosing instructions, particularly excluding warnings against long‐term, regular use. Actions to change the current prescribing practices are warranted.
Prioritising restorative care programs in light of current age care reform
Authors: Falland Laura , Henwood Tim , Keogh Justin W. L. , Davison Kade 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundShort‐term restorative care (STRC) aims to reduce the demand for long‐term aged care services through 8 weeks of intensive, multidisciplinary services designed to enhance the independence of community‐dwelling older Australians at risk of functional decline. Evidence surrounding the effectiveness and feasibility of STRC is limited.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of an existing exercise‐based STRC model and help inform successful service delivery to maximise participant outcomes nationally.MethodsAn observational cohort study was conducted to evaluate the potential benefits accrued by community‐dwelling older adults accessing Southern Cross Care's current exercise‐based STRC model in Adelaide, South Australia. Program effectiveness was determined via improvements in outcome measures specific to functional decline risk factors from baseline (Week 0) to discharge (Week 8).ResultsResults demonstrated significant improvements (p < 0.001) in participants' (n = 62) lower extremity function (44.9%), depressive symptoms (52.4%), anxiety (45.8%), frailty stage (57.9%), independence in activities of daily living (17.3%) and health‐related quality of life (24.0%). No significant change was found for grip strength or BMI post‐intervention. The most frequent services were exercise‐based (54.3% of total services), with participants receiving an average of two to three exercise services per week.ConclusionsAn exercise‐based STRC model is an effective mechanism to reverse functional decline and associated risk factors among community‐dwelling older Australians. Adoption of multidisciplinary intervention as a standardised STRC service model could help improve client outcomes nationally and offset expected increases in community and long‐term aged care demand.
Electrocardiographic characteristics of bladder cancer patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Zi‐Liang , Jia Kai‐Peng , Zheng Yi , Zhang Nan , Wang Xin , Tse Gary , Zhang Zhi‐Wei , Hu Hai‐Long , Liu Tong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivePatients treated with preoperative chemotherapy and immunotherapy for bladder cancer may be at increased risk of cardiotoxicity and electrophysiological abnormalities. This study aimed to analyze their electrocardiographic (ECG) alterations.MethodsPatients with bladder cancer who were hospitalized and receiving tislelizumab plus nab‐paclitaxel (TnP) were enrolled prospectively. ECG, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiography were performed at baseline and the end of TnP.ResultsA total of 60 patients (76.7% males), including 30 muscle‐invasive and 30 non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer, received three or four cycles of TnP, respectively. Hypertension was the commonest comorbidity (41.7%), and 25 patients (41.7%) were prescribed cardiovascular drugs. In comparison with baseline characteristics, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) were within normal ranges after TnP. However, echocardiographic parameter of left ventricular ejection fraction slightly decreased after TnP (62.81 ± 3.81% to 61.10 ± 4.37%, p = .011). The incidence of abnormal ECG increased from 65.0% at baseline to 76.7%, of which only a higher prevalence of fragmented QRS (fQRS) was observed (33.3% to 50.0%, p = .013; mainly in inferior leads). ECG parameters of QT dispersion (QTd) were prolonged significantly after the regimen (39.50 ± 11.37 to 44.20 ± 15.85 ms, p = .019).ConclusionIn bladder cancer patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, the main ECG abnormality was fQRS and QTd, with relatively normal cardiac biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters. Regular ECG screening should be carried out carefully to detect potential cardiotoxicity in the long‐term follow‐up.
Identity fusion is associated with outgroup trust and social exploration: Evidence for the fusion‐secure base hypothesis
Authors: Klein Jack W. , Greenaway Katharine H. , Bastian Brock 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIdentity fusion – a powerful form of group alignment – is a strong predictor of using violence to defend the ingroup. However, recent theorizing suggests, in the absence of outgroup threat, fusion may instead promote intergroup trust and cooperation. Across five studies we find evidence that fusion to a range of groups (e.g., country, football team) was consistently positively associated with a willingness to trust others generally, trust outgroup members, and social exploration. An internal meta‐analysis indicated that fusion was more strongly associated with trust and social exploration, compared to several measures of group identification. These findings provide support for the fusion‐secure base hypothesis (Personality and Social Psychology Review. 2023, 27(2), 107–127) and suggest that fusion has the potential to increase a willingness to interact with, and trust, outgroup members.
In search of animal normativity: a framework for studying social norms in non‐human animals
Authors: Westra Evan , Fitzpatrick Simon , Brosnan Sarah F. , Gruber Thibaud , Hobaiter Catherine , Hopper Lydia M. , Kelly Daniel , Krupenye Christopher , Luncz Lydia V. , Theriault Jordan , Andrews Kristin 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTSocial norms – rules governing which behaviours are deemed appropriate or inappropriate within a given community – are typically taken to be uniquely human. Recently, this position has been challenged by a number of philosophers, cognitive scientists, and ethologists, who have suggested that social norms may also be found in certain non‐human animal communities. Such claims have elicited considerable scepticism from norm cognition researchers, who doubt that any non‐human animals possess the psychological capacities necessary for normative cognition. However, there is little agreement among these researchers about what these psychological prerequisites are. This makes empirical study of animal social norms difficult, since it is not clear what we are looking for and thus what should count as behavioural evidence for the presence (or absence) of social norms in animals. To break this impasse, we offer an approach that moves beyond contested psychological criteria for social norms. This approach is inspired by the animal culture research program, which has made a similar shift away from heavily psychological definitions of ‘culture’ to become organised around a cluster of more empirically tractable concepts of culture. Here, we propose an analogous set of constructs built around the core notion of a normative regularity, which we define as a socially maintained pattern of behavioural conformity within a community. We suggest methods for studying potential normative regularities in wild and captive primates. We also discuss the broader scientific and philosophical implications of this research program with respect to questions of human uniqueness, animal welfare and conservation.
Community‐based respiratory health measures in children and young people with cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Knight Lozano Rachel , Shannon Harriet , Gilby Jonathan , Goddard Sian , Turner Leanne , Marsden Jonathan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo identify, map, and describe outcome measurement domains and instruments used within a community setting to assess respiratory health in children and young people aged 1 to 18 years, diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodA scoping review methodology informed structured searches in nine databases, grey literature, and registries, conducted in August 2021 (updated in February 2023). Articles were screened for eligibility by two independent researchers. Any outcome measurement instruments used to assess respiratory health or associated impact were extracted, categorized, and mapped to health and health‐related domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.ResultsSeventy‐six outcome measurement instruments were identified across 78 articles worldwide between 1970 and 2023. These were categorized into ‘Body functions and structures’ (n = 20), ‘Activity and performance’ (n = 22), and ‘Participation and quality of life’ (n = 19), with a further 15 mapped to ‘Health care resources use’.InterpretationNo consensus of ‘what’ to measure and ‘how’ to measure respiratory health in children and young people with CP was found. Moreover, many measures were not replicable in individuals with more severe forms of CP, excluding those at increased risk of respiratory‐related morbidity and mortality. Further research is required to agree important outcome domains and associated measures in research and clinical practice.What this paper adds

A limited number and size of experimental designs were found.
Seventy‐six measures were identified to assess respiratory health in cerebral palsy.
No consensus was found in ‘what’ or ‘how’ to measure respiratory health.
Many measures were not replicable in children and young people at risk of poorer respiratory health outcomes.
Children and young people with comorbidities and learning disability were frequently excluded from studies.
Different perceptual worlds: Parent and youth perspectives on parenting outcome trajectories from a Latino family‐based program
Authors: Hurtado Choque Ghaffar Ali , Kim HaeDong , Epstein Norman B. , Garcia‐Huidobro Diego , Svetaz Maria Veronica , Allen Michele L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDiscrepancies between parent and youth perceptions of their relationship are a common aspect of generational acculturation gaps influencing immigrant families. Programs designed to strengthen parenting practices among immigrant Latino families commonly address immigration stresses, including differences between parent and youth perceptions, but little is known about discrepancies in their appraisals of program effects on parenting behavior. A randomized trial was conducted examining effects on parent behavior of a program for immigrant families with youth aged 10–14, developed through community‐based participatory research principles. Families (346 parents and youth) were recruited by organizations serving Latino families in a Midwestern metropolitan area and randomly assigned to the eight‐session psychoeducation and skill‐building program or a waitlist control. Parents and youth completed self‐report measures at pre‐intervention, post‐intervention (4 months), and a 6‐month follow‐up regarding parents' expression of acceptance, efforts to solicit information about the child's experiences, and consistency of discipline, key foci of the program. Based on social cognition theory, the study focused on possible differences in parents' and youths' perceptions of change in parenting behavior. Parents in the treatment group reported pre‐post improved acceptance, consistent discipline, and solicitation, whereas youth reported improvement only in parental solicitation, a pattern maintained at follow‐up. In the control group, the only change was youth‐reported reduction in parental acceptance. Parents' perceptions of improvement are encouraging, but overall lack of improvements from the youth perspective poses a potential problem for impact on parent–child relations. Interventions may need to target both parent and youth cognitions about behavior changes directly.
Vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy for 14 days as the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A non‐inferiority, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hu Yi , Huang Xiang‐Hua , Zhou Bo , Liu Meng‐Lan , Liu Ye‐Fei , Yu Tao , Sun Ping , Tan Bin‐Bin , Hu Yang , Cheng Fei , Pan Xiao‐Lin , Hong Jun‐Bo , Shu Xu , Zhu Yin , Lu Nong‐Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe previously optimized the duration and dose of vonoprazan and amoxicillin dual therapy in China. The efficacy of vonoprazan with b.i.d. amoxicillin in comparison with vonoprazan‐containing quadruple therapy as the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection has not been adequately evaluated.MethodsIn a non‐inferiority, randomized clinical trial, H. pylori infected and treatment‐naïve patients were randomly assigned to receive 14 days of either vonoprazan dual (vonoprazan 20 mg and amoxicillin 1 g twice daily) or quadruple therapy (vonoprazan 20 mg + amoxicillin 1 g + furazolidone 100 mg + bismuth potassium citrate 600 mg twice daily). H. pylori status was confirmed using 13C‐urea breath tests or fecal antigen test. The primary outcome was the H. pylori eradication rate following vonoprazan dual and quadruple therapy at 4–12 weeks. We also compared drug compliance to either regimen and documented their side effect.ResultsA total of 190 subjects were randomized. The eradication rate of vonoprazan dual and quadruple therapy were 87.4% and 92.6% (p = 0.23) by intention‐to‐treat analysis, respectively, and 96.5% and 97.7% (p = 0.63) by per‐protocol analysis, respectively. The efficacy of vonoprazan dual therapy was non‐inferior to vonoprazan‐containing quadruple therapy in per‐protocol analysis (p < 0.001; difference: −1.2%; 90% confidence interval: −5.4% to 3.0%).ConclusionVonoprazan with b.i.d. amoxicillin for 14 days provided similar satisfactory efficacy with vonoprazan‐containing quadruple therapy as a first‐line H. pylori treatment in China.
Prescribing of antivirals for COVID‐19 in a South Australian local health network according to statewide guidelines
Authors: Al Naji Hiba , Inglis Joshua M. , Tucker Emily , Rowett Debra , Larcombe Rebecca , Medlin Sophie , Mangoni Arduino A. , Thynne Tilenka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAntiviral drugs were rapidly implemented into clinical practice for the treatment of high‐risk patients with COVID‐19, prompting the development of statewide guidelines. This South‐Australian study reviewed guideline adherence, assessed prescribing patterns and highlighted the inappropriate management of relative drug–drug interactions and dosing for renal function. Additionally, it evaluated the impact of inappropriate antiviral drug use and suggested methods to improve quality use of medicines.
Statement of the Rehabilitation Medicine Society of Australia and New Zealand for the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin A in spasticity management
Authors: Gupta Anupam Datta , Baguley Ian , Estell John , Geffon Saul , Goh Kong , Rawicki Barry , de Graaf Stephen , Olver John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Rehabilitation Medicine Society of Australia and New Zealand advocates the safe, effective and evidence‐based use of botulinum toxin type A for spasticity management. The process requires appropriate training, alongside considerable knowledge and skills, to maximise efficacy. The processes before and after injection contribute to effectiveness. The gold standard of managing spasticity is for assessment by a multidisciplinary specialist team, deriving patient‐centric goals, and designing an injection protocol to match these goals. The patient and/or carers are considered part of the decision‐making team. Postinjection therapy and measurement of goal achievement are highly recommended as part of the wider holistic approach to management. The Society believes treatment failures can be minimised by following clear clinical guidelines.
Evaluating the therapeutic and reconstructive efficacy of flap transplantation techniques in managing nasal tissue deficiency resulting from post‐rhinoplasty surgical infections
Authors: Song Lei , Liu Xiuyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRhinoplasty is a frequently performed aesthetic surgery with a high procedural volume. Despite the operational ease and safety profile of biocompatible materials such as silicone and inflatable prosthetics, postoperative complications like surgical site infections can lead to significant clinical challenges. These complications necessitate effective therapeutic and reconstructive interventions. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different flap transplantation techniques for early treatment of post‐rhinoplasty nasal tissue deficiencies. A retrospective study was conducted from May 2018 to May 2023, involving 38 patients divided into a control group receiving standard anti‐infective treatment and an observation group undergoing early flap grafting procedures. Efficacy was evaluated using objective metrics—namely, nasal appearance, function and flap condition—each assessed through a 10‐point scoring system, and subjective metrics such as patient satisfaction gauged through self‐administered questionnaires. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.0. Both groups were statistically comparable in terms of demographics such as age, marital status and educational background. The observation group displayed significantly improved outcomes in terms of nasal aesthetics (mean score 7.92 ± 1.00), nasal function (mean score 8.47 ± 0.51) and flap condition (mean score 7.89 ± 1.12) compared to the control group. Flap transplantation techniques demonstrated superior therapeutic and reconstructive efficacy in the management of nasal tissue deficiencies arising from post‐rhinoplasty surgical infections. These findings contribute to evidence‐based recommendations for optimal clinical practice.