bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robin Sequence Facial Profile After Conservative Treatment: A Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Siqueira Gabriela Leticia Clavisio , Tonello Cristiano , Peixoto Adriano Porto , Daskalogiannakis John , Garib Daniela Gamba , Marques Ilza Lazarini , Ceide Roseli Zechi , Alonso Nivaldo , Ozawa Terumi Okada 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Robin sequence (RS) is a congenital clinical condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and respiratory distress. Conservative methods could be responsible for releasing feeding and respiratory impairment but little information about mandibular growth is known in long-term follow-up.

Objective:
Assessing the longitudinal behavior of the facial profile of individuals with isolated RS who underwent conservative micrognathia treatment using photographs during the whole craniofacial growth.

Methods:
Photographs of the right facial profile of 100 patients were used (50 individuals with isolated RS and 50 individuals without craniofacial anomaly). The individuals with RS were evaluated at 3 different times (T1: infant, T2: mixed dentition, T3: permanent dentition) by measuring the facial convexity angle (FCA; G.Sn.Pog´). A comparison between T3 and control group (C), individuals without craniofacial anomalies and in permanent dentition, was also performed, checking the FCA, nasolabial angle (Ls.Sn.Cm), mentolabial fold (Li.Si.Pog´), facial inferior third (Sn.Gn´.C) angles and the ratio between middle anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height.

Results:
The T3 group showed an increased angle of facial convexity and increased facial inferior third angle and middle anterior facial height/lower anterior facial height ratio compared with the control group. In the longitudinal evaluation of individuals with isolated RS, significant differences were identified between T1 and T2 groups and T1 and T3 groups showing that the increased facial convexity was higher in the infants and that did not change significantly between the phases of mixed and permanent dentition.

Conclusions:
RS showed increased facial convexity in all phases evaluated, but their convexity decreased with growth. When compared with individuals without craniofacial anomalies, the individuals continue to exhibit retrognathism in the permanent dentition. The lack of a mandible projection has led to a considerable number of orthognathic surgeries for the correction of discrepancies.
Correction of Cicatricial Lower Eyelid Retraction and Entropion With Combined Scar Release, Hard Palate Graft, and Lateral Canthal Suspension
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhen , Yanjun Sun , Ye Xinhai 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of a technique-combined scar release, hard palate spacer graft with the recession of the lower eyelid retractors, lateral canthal suspension in the repair of cicatricial lower eyelid retraction, and entropion.

Methods:
Records of 12 patients with cicatricial lower eyelid retraction and entropion who underwent the surgery from January 2019 to August 2021 were reviewed. Surgical techniques include the following procedures: release of scar, hard palate graft with recession of the lower eyelid retractors, and lateral canthal tightening to strengthen the support of the lower eyelid. The follow-up period was at least 12 months. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated by the improvement of lower eyelid retraction, resolution of eyelid entropion, and complications.

Results:
All patients showed resolution in lower lid entropion, and lower eyelid retraction was significantly improved with a mean elevation of 2.93±0.82 mm. None of the patients had severe complications postoperatively, and both ocular surface symptoms and cosmetic appearance were significantly improved.

Conclusions:
The technique achieves long-term stable outcomes in cicatricial lower lid retraction and entropion repair with a low morbidity rate.
Body Mass Index Effect on Minimally Invasive Ventral Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mazzola Poli de Figueiredo Sergio , Mao Rui-Min Diana , Dela Tejera Giovanna , Tastaldi Luciano , Villasante-Tezanos Alejandro , Lu Richard 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
Obesity is one of the most important risk factors for complications after ventral hernia repair (VHR), and minimally invasive (MIS) techniques are preferred in obese patients as they minimize wound complications. It is common practice to attempt weight loss to achieve a specific body mass index (BMI) goal; however, patients are often unable to reach it and fail to become surgical candidates. Therefore, we aim to perform a meta-analysis of studies comparing outcomes of obese and nonobese patients undergoing laparoscopic or robotic VHR.

Patients and Methods:
A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify studies comparing obese and nonobese patients undergoing MIS VHR. Postoperative outcomes were assessed by means of pooled analysis and meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4. Heterogeneity was assessed with I
2 statistics.

Results:
A total of 6483 studies were screened and 26 were thoroughly reviewed. Eleven studies and 3199 patients were included in the meta-analysis. BMI >40 kg/m2 cutoff analysis included 5 studies and 1533 patients; no differences in hernia recurrence [odds ratios (OR): 1.64; 95% CI: 0.57-4.68; P = 0.36; I
2 = 47%), seroma, hematoma, and surgical site infection (SSI) rates were noted. BMI >35 kg/m2 cutoff analysis included 5 studies and 1403 patients; no differences in hernia recurrence (OR: 1.24; 95% CI: 0.71-2.16; P = 0.58; I
2 = 0%), seroma, hematoma, and SSI rates were noted. BMI >30 kg/m2 cutoff analysis included 4 studies and 385 patients; no differences in hernia recurrence (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 0.5-8.54; P = 0.32; I
2 = 0%), seroma, hematoma, and SSI rates were noted.

Conclusion:
Patients with high BMI undergoing MIS VHR have similar hernia recurrence, seroma, hematoma, and SSI rates compared with patients with lower BMI. Further prospective studies with long-term follow-up and patient-reported outcomes are required to establish optimal management in obese patients undergoing VHR.
Comparison of Various Thyroidectomy Approaches: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lee Jeonghun , Kim Seong Hoon , Hong Hua 
Published: November 2023

Background:
To avoid anterior neck scarring, numerous remote-access techniques to approach the thyroid gland (Remote access approach) have been described, including the transaxillary approach (TA), bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA), and transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TORT). Popular worldwide, Remote access approachs have unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Herein, we investigated the characteristics of these distinct thyroidectomy approaches to aid surgeons in selecting the most appropriate method for patients.

Patients and Methods:
In total, 2351 cases of patients who underwent thyroidectomy between 2019 and 2021 were reviewed, including 1973, 281, 66, and 31 patients who underwent the conventional transcervical approach (TCA), TA, BABA, and TORT, respectively. Demographic characteristics, outcomes, and complications associated with these procedures were compared. The data were analyzed using the Student t test and the χ2 test. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used if normality was not found.

Results:
Central lymph nodes (LNs) were retrieved mostly in patients who underwent lobectomy through TORT (mean: 9.4, P < 0.001). Metastatic central LNs were found more frequently (mean: 1.9 in lobectomy, 3.7 in total thyroidectomy) in patients who underwent lobectomy through TCA and TORT than in those who underwent lobectomy through other approaches (mean: 1.4 and 2.4, respectively, P < 0.05). BABA group patients had significantly fewer central LNs retrieved than those in other groups in lobectomy and total thyroidectomy (mean: 4.8 and 6.2, respectively, P < 0.05). Stimulated thyroglobulin levels did not differ among the 4 groups. The incidence of transient vocal cord palsy was statistically higher in the BABA group (5 cases, 7.5%) than in the other groups; however, all patients recovered. No difference was found in permanent vocal cord palsy (0.4% in TCA) or hypoparathyroidism (1.3% to 3.1%) among the 4 groups. The tumor size was significantly larger in the BABA group than in the other groups, with 10.6% of the patients having tumors larger than 4 cm. Total thyroidectomy was performed more frequently in the BABA group (51.8%) than in the other groups (P = 0.005). The path of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was more evident in TA, and the Cernea type was confirmed and preserved in 90.6% of TA cases.

Conclusions:
Owing to the differences in working space and direction of the surgical field, TA was advantageous for preserving the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, whereas BABA was effective for total thyroidectomy and excision of large goiters. TORT was beneficial for central compartment neck dissection. These characteristics should be considered when choosing the best approach to improving cosmesis, function, and recurrence.
Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi involved in the promotion of sesquiterpene accumulation in Syringa pinnatifolia
Authors: Gao Jiaqi , Lee Shiou Yih , Tai Badalahu , Chai Xingyun , Liu Juan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The stem of Syringa pinnatifolia is used as traditional Mongolian medicine for the treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, in which sesquiterpenes are regarded as the primary medicinal compounds. However, only S. pinnatifolia from natural stands is able to produce medicinal-grade stems when compared with that from cultivated stands. Despite the need to develop an effective technique to promote sesquiterpene accumulation in cultivated stands to ensure sustainable resource production, studies on the potential use of fungal endophytes as fungal elicitors were limited.

Objective
This study explored the potential of selected endophytic fungi isolated from the stems of wild and cultivated S. pinnatifolia and further examined their efficacy in promoting sesquiterpene production in S. pinnatifolia calli.

Results
Among the 11 fungal groups, Valsa sp, isolated from wild S. pinnatifolia, emerged as a promising fungal elicitor for promoting sesquiterpene accumulation in S. pinnatifolia. This conclusion is drawn from the production of a humulane-type sesquiterpene, known to be one of the most prevalent subtypes of sesquiterpenes in S. pinnatifolia. In addition, it was demonstrated that methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid displayed little effect on sesquiterpene accumulation in S. pinnatifolia.

Conclusions
The findings of this study lay a foundation for using fungal endophytes to promote sesquiterpene production in S. pinnatifolia. This contribution could subsequently advance the development of the local traditional medicine industry and aid in the protection of wild S. pinnatifolia.
Effect of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Intraoperative Spikes, High-Frequency Oscillations, and Phase-Amplitude Coupling in MRI-Normal Hippocampus
Authors: Dahal Riju , Tamura Kentaro , Pan Dong-sheng , Sasaki Ryota , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Matsuda Ryosuke , Yamada Shuichi , Nishimura Fumihiko , Nakagawa Ichiro , Park Young-Soo , Hayashi Hironobu , Kawaguchi Masahiko , Nakase Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on spikes, high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), and phase-amplitude coupling using a modulation index in MRI-normal hippocampus, with the aim of evaluating the utility of intraoperative electrocorticography in identifying the epileptogenic hippocampus during sevoflurane administration.

Methods:
Eleven patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy with a normal hippocampus on MRI underwent extra-operative electrocorticography evaluation. Patients were assigned to the Ictal (+) or Ictal (−) group depending on whether the parahippocampal gyrus was included in the seizure onset zone. Intraoperative electrocorticography was performed under 0.5 and 1.5 minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane. The rates of spikes, ripples, fast ripples (FRs), ripples on spikes, FRs on spikes, and MI HFO
(3–4 Hz) were evaluated.

Results:
During the intraoperative electrocorticography procedure, sevoflurane administration was found to significantly increase the rate of spikes, ripples on spikes, fast ripples on spikes, and MI HFO
(3–4 Hz) in the Ictal (+) group (P < 0.01). By contrast, the Ictal (−) group exhibited a paradoxical increase in the rate of ripples and fast ripple (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that the administration of sevoflurane during intraoperative electrocorticography in patients with MRI-normal hippocampus can lead to a dose-dependent enhancement of epileptic biomarkers (spikes, ripples on spikes, fast ripples on spikes, and MI (HFO 3-4)) in the epileptogenic hippocampus, while paradoxically increasing the rate of ripples and fast ripple in the nonepileptogenic hippocampus. These results have significant implications for the identification of the MRI-normal hippocampus that requires surgical intervention and preservation of the nonepileptogenic hippocampus.
Global Sensitivity Analysis of the Onset of Nasal Passage Infection by SARS-CoV-2 With Respect to Heterogeneity in Host Physiology and Host Cell-Virus Kinetic Interactions
Authors: Zhang Leyi , Cao Han , Medlin Karen , Pearson Jason , Aristotelous Andreas , Chen Alexander , Wessler Timothy , Forest M. Gregory 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThroughout the COVID-19 pandemic, positive nasal swab tests have revealed dramatic population heterogeneity in viral titers spanning 6 orders-of-magnitude. Our goal here is to probe potential drivers of infection outcome sensitivity arising from (i) physiological heterogeneity between hosts and (ii) host-variant heterogeneity in the detailed kinetics of cell infection and viral replication. Toward this goal, we apply global sensitivity methods (Partial Rank Correlation Coefficient analysis and Latin Hypercube Sampling) to a physiologically faithful, stochastic, spatial model of inhaled SARS-CoV-2 exposure and infection in the human respiratory tract. We focus on the nasal passage as the primary origin of respiratory infection and site of clinical testing, and we simulate the spatial and dynamic progression of shed viral load and infected cells in the immediate 48 hours post infection. We impose immune evasion, i.e., suppressed immune protection, based on the preponderance of clinical evidence that nasal infections occur rapidly post exposure, largely independent of immune status. Global sensitivity methods provide the de-correlated outcome sensitivities to each source of within-host heterogeneity, including the dynamic progression of sensitivities at 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours post infection. The results reveal a dynamic rank-ordering of the drivers of outcome sensitivity in early infection, providing insights into the dramatic population-scale outcome diversity during the COVID-19 pandemic. While we focus on SARS-CoV-2, the model and methods are applicable to any inhaled virus in the immediate 48 hours post infection.
SUPPORT NEEDS AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR SURVEYS: SERVICES PREDICTION AND RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Piccorelli Annalisa V. , Moody Eric J. , Heath David , Dahl Ethan , Root-Elledge Sandy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Inventory for Client and Agency Planning (ICAP) and the Supports Intensity Scale (SIS) have been used to determine Medicaid eligibility for individuals with disabilities but are designed to capture different information. This project explored how these surveys relate to services received and each other. ICAP and SIS surveys were conducted on 125 [Blinded] adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities eligible for a Medicaid Waiver. Results suggest that both measures were strongly associated and could be used to predict services. However, this study suggests that the SIS and ICAP summary measures were separate constructs. Therefore, both instruments can be used to determine Medicaid eligibility, but implementers should be aware of differences in the types of constructs being captured.
Evidence for impaired hippocampal circuitry in schizophrenia and its link to memory dysfunction
Authors: Zadbood Asieh , Tang Yingying , Su Wenjun , Hu Hao , Capichioni Gillian , Yang Shuwen , Wang Junjie , Gasser Camille , Bein Oded , Hui Li , Jia Qiufang , Zhang Tianhong , Hong Yawen , Wang Jijun , Goff Donald , Davachi Lila 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPattern separation and pattern completion are opposing yet complementary components of mnemonic processing that heavily rely on the hippocampus. It has been shown that processing within the dentate gyrus (DG) subfield promotes pattern separation while operations within the CA3 subfield are important for pattern completion. Schizophrenia has been associated with anatomical and functional hippocampal abnormalities, including within the DG and CA3. We hypothesized that an impairment in hippocampal circuitry in individuals with first-episode schizophrenia leads to deficits in pattern separation (mnemonic discrimination) and pattern completion (recognition memory), that these deficits contribute to delusions, and that antipsychotic treatment improves circuit functioning. We measured behavioral and neural responses during the identification of new, repeated, and similar stimuli using high-resolution fMRI in 45 medication-free or minimally-treated patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 49 matched controls. We found recognition memory and pattern separation deficits in patients and a negative association between memory performance and the severity of delusions. Neural analyses revealed deficits in both univariate BOLD responses and multivariate patterns in the hippocampus during mnemonic discrimination in patients compared to controls. Importantly, by investigating the association between trial-level neural activity and behavior before and after treatment, we found that antipsychotics normalized DG activity during pattern separation and CA3 activity during pattern completion. Lastly, trial-level cortical responses during mnemonic discrimination predicted performance in patients at baseline, suggesting a compensatory role. This study provides new insight into the impact of schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment on memory systems and uncovers systems-level contributions to pattern separation and pattern completion.
Association of optic disc parameters and glaucoma incidence based on automated segmentation, evidence from the UK Biobank
Authors: Zhu Pinxuan , He Shuang , Shi Danli , He Mingguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the correlation between glaucoma incidence and optic disc parameters obtained through an automated deep learning (DL) algorithm segmentation.Methods and AnalysisWe obtained eligible fundus photographs and corresponding participant data from the UK Biobank. To accurately assess the optic disc parameters and their relationship with glaucoma incidence using Cox proportional hazard regression models, we developed a DL algorithm that automatically segmented the optic disc and cup and calculated various parameters including the vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR), ovality index, cup-to-disc area ratio, rim area, disc area, and disc rotation from the fundus photos. We performed two logistic regression models, with model A comprising sociodemographic and health covariates and model B including additional ophthalmic features. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and areas under the curve (AUC) were plotted and calculated for each model to evaluate their performance.ResultsA total of 44,376 subjects with fundus photos were included in our study. After a median follow-up of 10.1 years, 354 incident glaucoma were documented. Subjects with larger VCDR had a higher risk of incident glaucoma; the HR (95% CI) was 2.05 (1.57-2.66) in the multivariable-adjusted model (p<0.001). The results remain significant in the sensitivity analysis that excluded fundus photographs with “Reject” quality. After adding the optic disc parameters into the regression model A, the AUC increased by 4.2% to 78.6%.ConclusionThe VCDR calculated by automatic optic disc segmentation model shows potential as a biomarker for evaluating the risk of glaucoma.What is already known on this topicGlaucoma is a worldwide leading cause of irreversible vision loss, and its early diagnosis is of great necessity.What this study addsData from the UK Biobank shows the optic disc parameters and their relationship with glaucoma incidence.We develop a DL-based algorithm for optic disc segmentation in Color fundus photos and validate its efficacy in glaucoma prediction.How this study might affect research, practice or policyThe VCDR calculated using an automatic optic disc segmentation based on a DL model can serve as a biomarker to predict the incidence of glaucoma.
Personalized modeling of neurodegeneration determines dementia severity from EEG recordings
Authors: Amato L.G. , Vergani A. A. , Lassi M. , Fabbiani C. , Mazzeo S. , Burali R. , Nacmias B. , Sorbi S. , Mannella R. , Grippo A. , Bessi V. , Mazzoni A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEarly identification of dementia is necessary for a timely onset of therapeutic care. However, cortical structural alterations associated with early dementia are difficult to disclose. METHODS: We developed a cortical model of dementia-related neurodegeneration accounting for slowing of local dynamics and global connectivity degradation. We collected EEG recordings at rest from subjects in healthy (HC), Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) condition. For each patient, we estimated neurodegeneration model parameters based on individual EEG recordings. RESULTS: Our model outperformed standard EEG analysis not only in discriminating between HC and MCI conditions (F1 score 0.95 vs 0.85) but also in identifying SCD patients with biological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease in the cerebrospinal fluid (recall 0.87 vs 0.50). DISCUSSION: Personalized neurodegeneration models could both support classification of MCI and assess the risk of progression from SCD to Alzheimer based only on economical and non-invasive EEG recordingClinicalTrials.govIdentifierNCT05569083
Impact of ‘EVEN FASTER’ concept to accelerate cervical cancer elimination in Norway: A model-based analysis
Authors: Portnoy Allison , Pedersen Kine , Kim Jane J. , Burger Emily A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundExperts have proposed an ‘EVEN FASTER’ concept targeting age-groups maintaining circulation of human papillomavirus (HPV). We explored the effects of these proposals compared with cervical cancer (CC) screening-based interventions on age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) and CC elimination (<4 cases per 100,000 women) timing in Norway.MethodsWe used a model-based approach to evaluate alternative HPV vaccination and CC screening scenarios compared with a status-quo scenario reflecting previous vaccination and screening. For cohorts ages 25–35 years, we examined 11 vaccination scenarios that incrementally increased vaccination coverage from current cohort-specific rates. Each vaccination scenario was coupled with three alternative screening strategies that varied the frequency of HPV-based screening. Population- and cohort-level outcomes included ASR, lifetime risk of CC, and colposcopy referrals.ResultsSeveral vaccination strategies coupled with de-intensified screening frequencies lowered population ASR, but did not accelerate CC elimination unless incremental vaccination coverage reached ∼90% for vaccine-naïve cohorts. Alternative strategies that increased screening adherence could both accelerate elimination and improve ASR compared to status-quo.ConclusionsAn ‘EVEN FASTER’ campaign is unlikely to accelerate CC elimination but may reduce population-level ASR. Alternatively, targeting under- and never-screeners may both eliminate CC faster and lead to greater health benefits compared with vaccination-based interventions.