bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a multidisciplinary tumour board (MDTB) in the management of colorectal cancer (CRC)
Authors: Schietroma Francesco , Bensi Maria , Calegari Maria Alessandra , Pozzo Carmelo , Basso Michele , Valente Giustina , Caira Giulia , Trovato Giovanni , Spring Alexia , Beccia Viria , Ceccarelli Anna , Perazzo Serena , Chiofalo Laura , Barbaro Brunella , Tatulli Giulia , Alfieri Sergio , De Sio Davide , Lorenzon Laura , Persiani Roberto , Lococo Filippo , Nachira Dania , Giuliante Felice , Ardito Francesco , Cellini Francesco , Panza Giulia , Cozza Valerio , Giovinazzo Francesco , Pafundi Donato Paolo , Sofo Luigi , Santullo Francesco , Tondolo Vincenzo , Tortora Giampaolo , Salvatore Lisa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The management of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex process. Defining the disease burden, assessing the radiological response and identifying the right time for surgery or other locoregional treatments are crucial factors. Ensuring the accuracy of evaluations and making decisions about the most appropriate treatment strategy require the involvement of a multidisciplinary tumour board (MDTB) comprising surgeons, medical and radiation oncologists, radiologists, endoscopists, gastroenterologists and pathologists. This study investigates the impact of MDTB on management of CRC in our institution.
Methods: We retrospectively assessed all cases discussed by our MDTB between September 2019 and Aprile 2023. In particular, we colected data concerning radiology (disease control/progression), surgery (yes/no) and radiotherapy indication (yes/no) before and after MDTB meetings. The primary endpoint was the overall raste of discrepancy between pre- and post-discussion evaluations.
Results: Our analysis involved 1150 cases. Median age was 64 years (16-90), 629 patients (54.7%) were male and 915 (79.5%) had metastatic disease at the time of the relevant MDTB discussion. After the meetings, 325 treatment decisions were modified, producing an overall discrepancy rate of 28.3%. In particular: (a) of 648 cases discussed for radiological assessment, 156 decisions (24.1%) were altered after a central imaging review, with 73 cases initially assessed as progressed disease subsequently defined as stable; (b) of 327 cases considered for surgical approach, treament strategy changed in 118 (36.1%). More specifically, 25 cases evaluated as unresectable before the MDTB meeting were considered to be resectable thereafter; and (c) of the 160 cases discussed regarding radiotherapy, the treatment strategy changed in 51 of them (31.9%).
Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates significant discrepancies between the radiology and locoregional evaluations from both before and after the MDTB meetings. Our results highlight that the discussions of a MDTB can considerably change the management of CRC, maximising the treatment strategy.
Activity-Based Metaproteomics Driven Discovery and Enzymological Characterization of Potential α-Galactosidases in the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Li Nan , Jiang Jianbing , Czuchry Diana , Ru Yanxia , Peng Huipai , Shen Junfeng , Wang Teng , Zhao Wenjuan , Chen Wei-Hua , Sui Sen-Fang , Li Yao-Wang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The gut microbiota offers an extensive resource of enzymes, but many remain uncharacterized. To distinguish activities of similar annotated proteins and mine the potentially applicable ones in the microbiome, we developed an effective Activity-Based Metaproteomics (ABMP) strategy using a specific activity-based probe (ABP) to screen the entire gut microbiome for directly discovering active enzymes. Using an activity-based cyclophellitol aziridine probe specific to α-galactosidases (AGAL), we successfully identified and characterized several gut microbiota enzymes possessing AGAL activities. Cryo-electron microscopy analysis of a newly characterized enzyme (AGLA5) revealed the covalent binding conformations between the AGAL5 active site and the cyclophellitol aziridine ABP, which could provide insights into the enzyme’s catalytic mechanism. The four newly characterized AGALs have diverse potential activities, including raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) hydrolysis and enzymatic blood group transformation. Collectively, we present a ABMP platform for facilitating gut microbiota enzyme discovery, biochemical activity annotations and potential industrial or biopharmaceutical applications.
Energy Transition? Yes, Please! - The Discussion about Energy Transition on Instagram
Authors: Schmid-Petri Hannah , Zehe Alessa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Different actors use Instagram to mobilize for their cause and to communicate strategically in terms of their interests in the energy transition. Against this background, our study analyzes how the energy transition is framed on Instagram, that is, which aspects of the energy transition are particularly highlighted and emphasized by specific actor groups. Furthermore, we study the visual representations of the energy transition on Instagram, especially the text–image relation.
Methods
To answer the research questions a quantitative content analysis of 907 Instagram posts dealing with the energy transition posted between January 5 and January 16, 2022 was conducted.
Results
The results show that the communication about the energy transition on Instagram is carried out by a multitude of different groups of actors, especially the economic actors. Communication about renewable energy on Instagram is generally optimistic and in support of the energy transition.
Conclusions
Overall our results speak for a lively interest in renewable energies on Instagram. This is also interesting regarding future communication activities, as the young user group of Instagram, can be encouraged to act by suggesting concrete action alternatives for how everyone can commit to a fast and successful energy transition
Evaluating the Safety and Effectiveness of α-Blockers Versus Mirabegron for Medical Expulsive Therapy in Ureteral Calculi: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yan Huilei , Chi Junpeng , Li Xiaoni , Cui Yuanshan , Huang Jing , Cheng Yan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction and Aim. The main categories of drugs employed for medical expulsive therapy in patients with ureteral calculi (UC) are alpha-blockers (α-B) and beta-adrenoceptor agonists. This meta-analysis evaluated the safety and effectiveness of α-B versus mirabegron (MIR) in treating UC.
Methods. From January 1980 to December 2023, we extensively searched the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and EMBASE databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effectiveness of α-B and MIR in managing UC. Furthermore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out.
Results. The meta-analysis included five publications with 478 patients, comparing α-B with MIR. The stone expulsion rate (SER) was found to be significantly greater in the α-Bgroup than in the MIR group, as indicated by an odds ratio (OR) of 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11 to 2.43, P = 0.01) in the meta-analysis. However, no significant differences were found between the α-B group and the MIR group for SET (mean difference [MD]: 1.20; 95% CI, -2.71 to 5.10; P=0.55), PE (MD: 0.37; 95% CI, -0.36 to 1.10; P=0.32), or analgesic requirements (MD: 0.79; 95% CI, -0.37 to 1.94; P=0.18). The α-B group exhibited a significantly higher incidence of adverse events compared to the MIR group for orthostatic hypotension (OR 12.16, 95% CI 3.36 to 43.95, P = 0.0001), headache (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.41 to 8.49, P = 0.007), and retrograde ejaculation (OR 16.30, 95% CI 5.87 to 45.31, P < 0.00001).
Conclusions. Our meta-analysis identified a substantial enhancement in the SER among patients with UC who received α-B therapy instead of those who were administered MIR therapy. Nonetheless, α-B therapy was connected to an increased risk of adverse events.
Diffusion of DNA on Atomically Flat 2D Material Surfaces
Authors: Joo Chirlmin , Shin Dong Hoon , Kim Sung Hyun , Coshic Kush , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Verbiest Gerard , Caneva Sabina , Aksimentiev Aleksei , Steeneken Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Accurate localization and delivery of biomolecules is pivotal for building tools to understand biology. The interactions of biomolecules with atomically flat 2D surfaces offer a means to realize both the localization and delivery, yet experimental utilization of such interactions has remained elusive. By combining single-molecule detection methods with computational approaches, we have comprehensively characterized the interactions of individual DNA molecules with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) surfaces. Our experiments directly show that, upon binding to a hBN surface, a DNA molecule retains its ability to diffuse along the surface. Further, we show that the magnitude and direction of such diffusion can be controlled by the DNA length, the surface topography, and atomic defects. By fabricating a narrow hBN ribbon structure, we achieved pseudo-1D confinement, demonstrating its potential for nanofluidic guiding of biomolecules. Our work sets the stage for engineering 2D materials for high-throughput manipulation of single biomolecules and their applications in nanobiotechnology.
Intimate Partner Violence among Indian Ever Married Women: Exploring the Insights from Tree-Based Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Chowdhury Pankaj , Saha Aratrika 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global concern with severe consequences, encompassing physical, sexual, and psychological harm within relationships. Worldwide, 736 million women have experienced IPV, necessitating urgent attention. In India, despite a slight improvement, IPV remains prevalent, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.Addressing IPV requires understanding its determinants, rooted in societal norms and gender imbalances. This paper aims to bridge research gaps by applying machine learning alongside traditional methods to predict and understand IPV prevalence, considering different socio-economic and socio-demographic factors.
Methods: The study has used data from the fifth round of National Family Health Survey. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the sample characteristics.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was subsequently applied to determine the associations between IPV and associated risk factors. The instances of the prevalence of IPV was analysed using a combination of four distinct machine learning algorithms: decision trees (DTs), random forest (RF), gradient boosting (GB), and logistic regression (LR).
Results:Prevalence of IPV among ever married women is found to be 68.71%.Older age, belonging to Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, being Hindu or Christian, employment status, higher number of children, marrying after 18, lower wealth quintile, husbands' alcohol consumption, regional disparities, rural residence, marital control, decision-making autonomy, justification of beating, and marital dynamics were all significant factors influencing IPV risk.Based on recall and F1 gradient boosting has better predictive performance than other machine learning models considered. The top ten predictors for IPV, included marital control, alcohol consumption, justified beating, region, decision-making autonomy, education years for both spouses, number of children, wealth index, and current working status.
Conclusion: The study aimed to identify women vulnerable to IPV using three tree-based machine learning models on data from a national survey in India. The preference for gradient boosting was highlighted for its higher sensitivity, crucial for accurately identifying women genuinely at risk of IPV.Further the study encompassed the use of logistic regression as a base model for interpretation, revealing hidden patterns and relationships through machine learning analysis. Overall, the research contributes valuable insights into IPV among Indian women within the context of machine learning.
Construction of a SNP fingerprinting of exotic pine germplasm resources in China based on 51K liquid- phased probes
Authors: Wu Yadi , Diao Shu , Ding Xianyin , Huang Qinyun , Luan Qifu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

【Background】Slash pine (Pinus elliottii), loblolly pine (P. taeda), caribbean pine (P. caribaea) and their hybrid pine are the major timber species in China, which have been introduced from North America for 100 years. Distinguishing them is challenging due to the nutritional organs similarity and the combined characteristics inherited from their parent species in hybrid pines.
【Results】In this study, we aimed at constructing a set of DNA fingerprint of 38 pine varieties including four kinds of pines species for accurately identifying them. The genotypes of 38 pines were captured by 51K liquid-phased probes developed by our team and 5,60,567 SNPs were genotyped by the following next-generation sequencing. A total of 344 core SNPs were obtained through the screening of the minor allele frequency, miss rate, heterozygosity rate and other parameter conditions. Additionally, employing the Random Forest model in conjunction with PCA led to the retention of 28 SNPs demonstrating identification capabilities for the pine varieties.
【Conclusions】The DNA fingerprint of the 38 pine varieties was successfully established using the set of 28 SNPs, which serve as a valuable reference for identifying the exotic pine varieties, managing germplasm , and conducting genetic diversity analysis.
Long-term prognosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal cancer in elderly patients
Authors: Konishi Hirona , Urabe Yuji , Nakamura Takeo , Ishibashi Kazuki , Mizuno Junichi , Fukuhara Motomitsu , Takasago Takeshi , Tanaka Hidenori , Tsuboi Akiyoshi , Yamashita Ken , Hiyama Yuichi , Takigawa Hidehiko , Kotachi Takahiro , Yuge Ryo , Ishikawa Akira , Oka Shiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The validity of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in elderly persons with comorbidities remains unclear. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of ESD and additional treatment for ESCC in elderly patients.
Methods
This study retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of 398 consecutive elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) with 505 lesions who underwent ESD for ESCC at the Hiroshima University Hospital between September 2007 and December 2019. Additionally, the prognoses of 381 patients who were followed up for > 3 years were assessed.
Results
The mean patient age was 73.1 ± 5.8 years old. The mean procedure time was 77.1 ± 43.5 min. The histological en bloc resection rate was 98% (496/505). Postoperative stenosis, perforation, pneumonia, and delayed bleeding were conservatively treated in 82 (16%), 19 (4%), 15 (3%), and 5 (1%) patients, respectively. The 5-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 78.9% and 98.0% (mean follow-up time: 71.1 ± 37.3 months). Multivariate analysis showed that age and the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification of Physical Status class ≥Ⅲ (hazard ratio: 1.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.59, p = 0.0392) were independently associated with overall survival. A significantly lower overall survival rate was observed in the high-risk follow-up group compared to the low-risk follow-up and high-risk additional treatment groups (p < 0.01). However, no significant difference in disease-specific survival was observed between the three groups.
Conclusions
ESD is safe for ESCC treatment in patients aged ≥ 65 years. However, additional treatments should be considered based on the patient’s general condition.
An object-based approach to Forecasting and Verification of heat waves over India
Authors: Singh Harvir , Dube Anumeha , Ashrit Raghavendra , Srivast Prashant K , Prasad VS 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Heat waves are one of the most dangerous natural hazards in the world. Higher daily peak temperatures as well as duration, intensity and frequency of heat waves are increasing globally due to climate change. In India, the instances of heat waves have increased in recent years along with their intensity which has resulted in the increased number of casualties. For the purpose of disaster mitigation and reduction of losses due to heat waves, a timely and accurate forecast of these events is required. However, traditional verification methods (which rely on grid-wise comparisons) used for verification of forecasts from high resolution models have a limited utility. In order to assess the utility of these forecasts, spatial verification techniques that can differentiate between forecast and observed features are needed. In this study, we have tried to demonstrate the ability of the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) Unified Model (NCUM) in predicting maximum 2m temperature (Tmax), over the heat wave-prone zones of India. The state-of-art Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE) was used for verification of the heat waves. Additionally, applying fuzzy logic enhances the discernment of similarities between forecasted and observed objects, offering a valuable tool for adapting to varying object types and leveraging human knowledge. For instance, in certain scenarios, emphasizing the matching of area sizes may be crucial, while in others, aligning object locations could be more pertinent. In both cases, achieving the desired outcome involves adjusting weights or revising interest maps. This study shows that NCUM forecasts have a southwesterly bias in the location of Tmax objects for values exceeding 43 and 45°C, indicating a potential lag in system propagation. When verified over a season, it is seen that the performance of the model in predicting forecast attributes is rather very good in terms of smaller variation in the median of centroid distance (~150-200 km upto 120 hr lead time), an 83% match in the internal structure of the forecasts with a near perfect curvature ratio (95-97%), a near perfect 50th percentile intensity ratio (98-99%) and the symmetric difference which is small enough to coincide with the observed heat wave zones. In summary, NCUM forecasts demonstrate accurate heat wave predictions in terms of geographical area, structure, shape, and size up to a 5-day lead time, showcasing their potential for effective disaster preparedness.
Effectiveness of malaria education program based on Health Belief Model on improving Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Malaria Prevention among university students in Conakry, Guinea
Authors: Sano Aicha , Sivaratnam Dhashani A/P , Ahmad Norliza , Camara Alioune , Daliwa Yempapou Anissa , Lim Poh Ying 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:Malaria is caused by the bites of an infected female mosquito, a vector-borne disease which the parasite is transmitted to humans. Guinea’s whole population is susceptible to getting malaria. The aim of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the malaria education program using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of malaria prevention among university students in Conakry, Guinea.Methods:A clustered randomized controlled trial (RCT) with clustered sampling method was used to select the participants from two universities. Sample size was a total of 162 respondents, with 81 respondents for each group. malaria education program had eight sessions with approximately 6 hours and 30 mins. There were four time points of data collection included baseline, post-test, 2 weeks follow up and 2 months follow up. Intention to treat (ITT) method was used. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) was computed to investigate the effectiveness of the malaria education program on KAP of malaria prevention, after adjusting with covariates.Results:At 2 months follow up, there was 62 (76.5%) and 61 (75.3%) out of 81 in the intervention and control group respectively. This study showed that intervention group had higher knowledge score and practice score at 2 months follow up compared to control group at baseline respectively, adjusted with covariates(P<0.05). Nevertheless, there was no difference in attitude score of the intervention group at post-test, 2 weeks follow up and 2 months follow up compared to control group at baseline respectively, adjusted with covariates (P>0.05).Conclusion:In conclusion, malaria education program could improve knowledge and practice of malaria prevention across time points among university students in Conakry, Guinea. The benefit of having this program is to reduce the burden of malaria in the community through awareness about malaria prevention.Trial Registration:PACTR202102614259601
Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas: a systematic review
Authors: Araujo Larissa de Souza , Santana Larice Rezende , Otenio Marcelo Henrique , Nascimento Clérison Wagner , Cerqueira Ana Flávia Lawall Werneck , Rodarte Mirian Pereira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

It is of fundamental interest to research and develop innovative biotechnologies, as well as bioproducts that replace or are alternatives to those of non-renewable origin, such as biosurfactants in relation to traditional surfactants used in various sectors. Consequently, there are a large number of experimental studies addressing different subjects, especially with the use of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, however, there is a lack of work that demonstrates the evaluation of this science produced to date. Therefore, this article discusses the production of biosurfactants by Pseudomonas with the aim of surveying and analyzing experimental articles on this topic. To realize this, a systematic search was carried out with well-defined temporal space, databases and inclusion and exclusion criteria, based on metric studies that guided what information would be collected and the method of evaluation. Therefore, a large number of articles were selected, which demonstrated Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the bioagent mostly used in the tests, which aimed to improve the process in the area. Furthermore, interest in this field has increased over the years, predominantly in emerging market countries, where the most prominent authors on the topic are found. Therefore, it is necessary that there is an expansion of interest in the area to make the production of biosurfactants cheaper in areas that currently have greater development deficiencies, such as means of purifying the bioprocess and reducing foam formation in the bioprocess.