bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manufacture of thermoplastic molds by fused filament fabrication 3D printing for rapid prototyping of polyurethane foam molded products
Authors: Guerrero-Vacas Guillermo , Gómez-Castillo Jaime , Rodríguez-Alabanda Oscar 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Polyurethane (PUR) foam parts are traditionally manufactured using metallic molds, an unsuitable approach for prototyping purposes. Thus, rapid tooling of disposable molds using fused filament fabrication (FFF) with polylactic acid (PLA) and glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) is proposed as an economical, simpler and faster solution compared to traditional metallic molds or three-dimensional (3D) printing with other difficult-to-print thermoplastics, which are prone to shrinkage and delamination (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polypropilene-PP) or high-cost due to both material and printing equipment expenses (PEEK, polyamides or polycarbonate-PC). The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the ease of release of PUR foam on these materials in combination with release agents to facilitate the mulding/demoulding process.

Design/methodology/approach
PETG, PLA and hardenable polylactic acid (PLA 3D870) have been evaluated as mold materials in combination with aqueous and solvent-based release agents within a full design of experiments by three consecutive molding/demolding cycles.

Findings
PLA 3D870 has shown the best demoldability. A mold expressly designed to manufacture a foam cushion has been printed and the prototyping has been successfully achieved. The demolding of the part has been easier using a solvent-based release agent, meanwhile the quality has been better when using a water-based one.

Originality/value
The combination of PLA 3D870 and FFF, along with solvent-free water-based release agents, presents a compelling low-cost and eco-friendly alternative to traditional metallic molds and other 3D printing thermoplastics. This innovative approach serves as a viable option for rapid tooling in PUR foam molding.
Multisector Collaboration vs. Social Democracy for Addressing Social Determinants of Health
Authors: BERKOWITZ SETH A. 
Published: December 2023

Policy Points
Multisector collaboration, the dominant approach for responding to health harms created by adverse social conditions, involves collaboration among health care insurers, health care systems, and social services organizations.
Social democracy, an underused alternative, seeks to use government policy to shape the civil (e.g., civil rights), political (e.g., voting rights), and economic (e.g., labor market institutions, property rights, and the tax‐and‐transfer system) institutions that produce health.
Multisector collaboration may not achieve its goals, both because the collaborations are difficult to accomplish and because it does not seek to transform social conditions, only to mitigate their harms. Social democracy requires political contestation but has greater potential to improve population health and health equity.
Value of CT‐based radiomics in evaluating the response of bone metastases to systemic drug therapy in breast cancer patients
Authors: He Miao , Wang Dongdong , Li Huijie , Sun Meili , Yan Peng , Zhang Yongyuan , Li Li , Yu Dexin , Wang Xiuwen , Hu Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the value of nonenhanced computed tomography (CT)‐based radiomics in determining disease progression in breast cancer patients with bone marrow metastases and to develop a model for assessing treatment efficacy.MethodsA total of 134 breast cancer patients with bone metastases were enrolled from three hospitals. Nonenhanced CT was performed after two cycles of drug treatment. The images were categorized into an invalid and a valid group according to disease progression status. The largest osteolytic lesions' maximum cross‐sections in the CT images were selected as regions of interest (ROIs) for feature extraction. Variance threshold, SelectKBest, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to reduce feature dimensionality. K‐nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and decision tree (DT) algorithms were trained to establish radiomics models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the models.ResultsThe KNN classifier demonstrated the best performance compared to the random grouping method. In the validation group, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.810. In the cross‐validation method, the RF classifier showed the best performance with an AUC of 0.84.ConclusionNonenhanced CT‐based radiomics provides a promising method for evaluating the efficacy of systemic drug therapy in breast cancer patients with osteolytic bone metastases.
Understanding improved neonatal ventilation trends in a regional transport service
Authors: Dockery Morven , Harrison Cath 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimReview changes in neonatal ventilation practice within our regional transport service, Embrace, identifying interventions with greatest impact on improved rates of normocapnia during transfer.MethodsUsing internal transport databases and UK Neonatal Transport Group data submissions, we tracked local and national rates of ventilation and normocapnia. We correlated this with internal changes in practice, including introduction of new equipment, staffing changes, educational interventions and quality improvement projects.ResultsData demonstrated improvement in normocapnia rates benchmarked against national figures, which was not explained by changes in ventilation methods or rates, or by changes in availability of post‐transfer gases. Greatest improvement was identified following introduction of transcutaneous CO2 monitoring and ventilators enabling volume‐guided ventilation strategies. Additionally, although less quantifiable, educational and quality improvement interventions, and case review mechanisms were felt to be influential.ConclusionVolume guided ventilation and transcutaneous CO2 monitoring have had a positive influence on the maintenance of normocapnia during transfer at Embrace Transport Service, although introduction of new equipment still presents challenges which must be overcome. Recognising the significant impact of these technologies allows for ongoing financial, time and educational investment to emphasise their importance and ensure appropriate awareness of limitations and troubleshooting options, maximising their positive impact.
Is musculoskeletal pain associated with increased muscle stiffness? Evidence map and critical appraisal of muscle measurements using shear wave elastography
Authors: Haueise Andreas , Le Sant Guillaume , Eisele‐Metzger Angelika , Dieterich Angela V. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroduction and AimsApproximately 21% of the world's population suffers from musculoskeletal conditions, often associated with sensations of stiff muscles. Targeted therapy requires knowing whether typically involved muscles are objectively stiffer compared to asymptomatic individuals. Muscle stiffness is quantified using ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE). Publications on SWE‐based comparisons of muscle stiffness between individuals with and without musculoskeletal pain are increasing rapidly. This work reviewed and mapped the existing evidence regarding objectively measured muscle stiffness in musculoskeletal pain conditions and surveyed current methods of applying SWE to measure muscle stiffness.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed and CINAHL using the keywords “muscle stiffness”, “shear wave elastography”, “pain”, “asymptomatic controls” and synonyms. The search was supplemented by a hand search using Google Scholar. Included articles were critically appraised with the AXIS tool, supplemented by items related to SWE methods. Results were visually mapped and narratively described.ResultsThirty of 137 identified articles were included. High‐quality evidence was missing. The results comprise studies reporting lower stiffness in symptomatic participants, no differences between groups and higher stiffness in symptomatic individuals. Results differed between pain conditions and muscles, and also between studies that examined the same muscle(s) and pathology. The methods of the application of SWE were inconsistent and the reporting was often incomplete.ConclusionsExisting evidence regarding the objective stiffness of muscles in musculoskeletal pain conditions is conflicting. Methodological differences may explain most of the inconsistencies between findings. Methodological standards for SWE measurements of muscles are urgently required.
Fish as fellow creatures—A matter of moral attention
Authors: Winther Hannah , Myskja Bjørn 
Published: December 2023

AbstractUp against capacity‐based approaches to animal ethics, Cora Diamond has put the idea of animals as our fellow creatures. The aim of this article is to explore the implications of this concept for our treatment of fish. Fish have traditionally been placed at the borders or even outside of the moral community, although there is growing evidence that they have perceptual and social capacities comparable to animals that are considered morally significant. Given that a fellow creature's approach is not primarily concerned with capacities, fish may pose a challenge: Can fish be seen as our fellow creatures, and if so, on what grounds? In exploring these questions, we defend Diamond against Jeff McMahan's critique of her account and its implications that the fellow creature‐concept is reducible to either capacities or special relationships and leaves no room for argument‐based moral reform. We suggest that moral attention is key to grasping the moral significance of fish and discuss how scientific research can support such attention. In so doing, we demonstrate how Diamond's approach to animal ethics provides a viable alternative to the dominant animal ethics approaches. Finally, we indicate how this approach can be useful for discussions on industrial fish farming.
Lymphocytic myenteric ganglionitis associated with equine herpesvirus infection: A cause of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and recurrent colic in an adult horse
Authors: Magalhães Mariana Torres , Palmers Katrien , De Cock Hilde , Ribonnet Caroline 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis report describes a rare case of chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) in a 12‐year‐old Quarter Horse gelding, caused by lymphocytic myenteric ganglionitis (MG) associated with equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV‐1) and equine herpesvirus 5 (EHV‐5) infection. The horse presented with recurrent colic and weight loss over 1.5 years. Repetitive transrectal examinations consistently revealed small colon impaction and enlargement. During postmortem examination alternating segments of enlarged and reduced luminal diameter were observed throughout the entire intestinal tract. MG with lymphocytic infiltrates and neuronal degeneration of the large intestine were found on histopathological analysis. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed the presence of EHV‐1 and EHV‐5 DNA in affected intestinal tissues. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology of MG and its association with herpesviruses. Early recognition and diagnosis of MG‐associated CIPO may improve treatment approaches and outcomes for future cases.
Net greenhouse gas balance in U.S. croplands: How can soils be part of the climate solution?
Authors: You Yongfa , Tian Hanqin , Pan Shufen , Shi Hao , Lu Chaoqun , Batchelor William D. , Cheng Bo , Hui Dafeng , Kicklighter David , Liang Xin‐Zhong , Li Xiaoyong , Melillo Jerry , Pan Naiqing , Prior Stephen A. , Reilly John 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAgricultural soils play a dual role in regulating the Earth's climate by releasing or sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) in soil organic carbon (SOC) and emitting non‐CO2 greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). To understand how agricultural soils can play a role in climate solutions requires a comprehensive assessment of net soil GHG balance (i.e., sum of SOC‐sequestered CO2 and non‐CO2 GHG emissions) and the underlying controls. Herein, we used a model‐data integration approach to understand and quantify how natural and anthropogenic factors have affected the magnitude and spatiotemporal variations of the net soil GHG balance in U.S. croplands during 1960–2018. Specifically, we used the dynamic land ecosystem model for regional simulations and used field observations of SOC sequestration rates and N2O and CH4 emissions to calibrate, validate, and corroborate model simulations. Results show that U.S. agricultural soils sequestered Tg CO2‐C year−1 in SOC (at a depth of 3.5 m) during 1960–2018 and emitted Tg N2O‐N year−1 and Tg CH4‐C year−1, respectively. Based on the GWP100 metric (global warming potential on a 100‐year time horizon), the estimated national net GHG emission rate from agricultural soils was Tg CO2‐eq year−1, with the largest contribution from N2O emissions. The sequestered SOC offset ~28% of the climate‐warming effects resulting from non‐CO2 GHG emissions, and this offsetting effect increased over time. Increased nitrogen fertilizer use was the dominant factor contributing to the increase in net GHG emissions during 1960–2018, explaining ~47% of total changes. In contrast, reduced cropland area, the adoption of agricultural conservation practices (e.g., reduced tillage), and rising atmospheric CO2 levels attenuated net GHG emissions from U.S. croplands. Improving management practices to mitigate N2O emissions represents the biggest opportunity for achieving net‐zero emissions in U.S. croplands. Our study highlights the importance of concurrently quantifying SOC‐sequestered CO2 and non‐CO2 GHG emissions for developing effective agricultural climate change mitigation measures.
Trade‐off in the partitioning of recent photosynthate carbon under global change
Authors: Li Fangping , Qing Ting , Wu Fuzhong , Yue Kai , Zhu Jingjing , Ni Xiangyin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere may be trade‐offs in the allocation patterns of recent photosynthetic carbon (RPC) allocation in response to environmental changes, with a greater proportion of RPC being directed towards compartments experiencing limited resource availability. Alternatively, the allocation of RPC could shift from sources to sinks as plants processing excess photosynthates. It prompts the question: Does the pattern of RPC allocation vary under global changes? If so, is this variation driven by optimal or by residual C allocation strategies? We conducted a meta‐analysis by complicating 273 pairwise observations from 55 articles with 13C or 14C pulse or continuous labeling to assess the partitioning of RPC in biomass (leaf, stem, shoot, and root), soil pools (soil organic C, rhizosphere, and microbial biomass C) and CO2 fluxes under elevated CO2 (eCO2), warming, drought and nitrogen (N) addition. We propose that the increased allocation of RPC to belowground under sufficient CO2 results from the excretion of excess photosynthates. Warming led to a significant reduction in the percentage of RPC allocated to shoots, alongside an increase in roots allocation, although this was not statistically significant. This pattern is due to the reduced water availability resulting from warming. In conditions of drought, there was a notable increase in the partitioning of RPC to stems (+7.25%) and roots (+36.38%), indicative of a greater investment of RPC in roots for accessing water from deeper soil. Additionally, N addition led to a heightened allocation of RPC in leaves (+10.18%) and shoots (+5.78%), while reducing its partitioning in soil organic C (−8.92%). Contrary to the residual C partitioning observed under eCO2, the alterations in RPC partitioning in response to warming, drought, and N supplementation are more comprehensively explained through the lens of optimal partitioning theory, showing a trade‐off in the partitioning of RPC under global change.
Does good news cover bad news?
Authors: Meng Qingbin , Ke Shaojing , Zhao Daxuan , Chu Yongqiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDoes good news cover bad news? We present evidence from the Chinese stock market, in which the fiscal year is always the same as the calendar year. Listed firms are required to announce their annual report by the end of April, coinciding with the deadline for the release of their first‐quarter reports. We find that firms with negative earnings surprises in the previous year are more likely to postpone the announcement of their annual report until they announce their first‐quarter report. However, we find no evidence to suggest that this bundling disclosure weakens market responses to information in annual reports.
Technological affordances in teachers' online professional learning communities: A systematic review
Authors: Jin Fangzhou , Song Zicong , Cheung Wai Ming , Lin Chin‐Hsi , Liu Tiruo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground StudyPrevious systematic reviews concluded that online professional‐learning communities (OPLCs) have positive effects on teachers' development, but explored neither the technological affordances that make this possible nor the potential negative impacts of technology use in OPLCs.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to systematically analyse previous research on teachers' OPLCs, and thus help answer the question of what technological affordances (dis)empower members of teachers' OPLCs, and how they do so.MethodsThis study applied the systematic‐review method. A total of 28 studies were identified and analysed using rigorously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results are reported as a synthesis.Results and ConclusionsFirst, in theme, the selected articles primarily focused on features of OPLCs and of teachers' knowledge. Second, mixed‐methods approaches were commonly used in the sampled research, and the number of studies employing advanced statistical methods and machine learning increased over time. And third, the reviewed studies' findings suggest that technology supports ‘bottom‐up’ teachers' communities (as distinct from ‘top‐down’ professional development organized by educational authorities) in seven ways: that is, by promoting collaboration opportunities, expanding the participants' networks, facilitating knowledge sharing, delivering support more rapidly, providing emotional support, allowing ubiquitous learning, and enabling multiple modes of participation.
Antioxidant treatments in patients with oral submucous fibrosis: A systematic review
Authors: Pérez‐Leal Martín , Lanciano Federico , Flacco Nicla , Estornut Cristina , Carceller María Carmen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionOral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a well‐known precancerous oral lesion, characterized by scarring, tissue fibrosis, and premalignant lesions. The goal of clinical treatment is to reduce inflammation and improve patients' quality of life by enhancing mouth opening among others. Antioxidant treatment has shown promising results in inducing regression of lesions and preventing OSMF in high‐risk individuals. This study investigates the effectiveness of various antioxidant agents against OSMF.Materials and MethodsThe study followed PRISMA guidelines and searched three scientific databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, using specific algorithms related to “antioxidant treatment,” “burning sensation,” and “mouth opening.” The quality assessment of controlled clinical studies adhered to Cochrane guidelines.ResultsThe analysis included 19 clinical trials comparing different treatments, including various antioxidants. Aloe vera, curcumin, and lycopene, among others, showed positive outcomes in treating OSMF by improving burning sensation, mouth opening, tongue protrusion, and cheek flexibility.ConclusionAntioxidant therapies are found to be effective in treating OSMF, even when compared to conventional treatments such as corticosteroids. The study highlights the need for further research and standardization of clinical protocols.
Eco‐physiological arguments on the functional impact of Lepus timidus mitochondrial DNA introgression in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis)
Authors: Cardoso Beatriz , Carpio Antonio J. , Martinez‐Haro Mónica , Beltrán‐Beck Beatriz , Alzaga Vanesa , Farelo Liliana , Campos Rita , Queirós João , Melo‐Ferreira José , Alves Paulo C. , Acevedo Pelayo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGenetic exchanges between species provide valuable opportunities to dissect the relative importance of neutral and selective processes driving introgression events and to test their functional relevance. In the northern half of the Iberian Peninsula, the Iberian hare, Lepus granatensis, presents extensive patterns of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) introgression from the mountain hare, L. timidus, a species that disappeared from the region after the Last Glacial Maximum. Here, we test whether mtDNA introgression affects reproductive success and body condition of Iberian hare individuals. For that end, hares (n = 149) were sampled from populations along the mtDNA introgression gradient during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 hunting seasons. Reproductive performance indicators, including pregnancy status and testicular weight, were recorded, while body condition was measured as kidney fat (our response variables). Predictors included individual traits (sex and age), sampling period (month and hunting season), mtDNA introgression, occurrence or burden of different endoparasites and environmental factors. Our results showed that mtDNA introgression was negatively associated with pregnancy in females and body condition in males, while a positive association was found with body condition in females. These results suggest that carrying the mountain hare mtDNA has physiological effects in Iberian hares, but that the allospecific mtDNA type may not always be beneficial for the individual. This study shows that the patterns of mtDNA introgression seen in the Iberian hare today may result from a complex balance between deleterious and beneficial individual effects.
Field‐tested signal controller to mitigate spillover using trajectory data
Authors: Han Yu , Han Zhe , Ding Fan , Li Fuliang , Wang Hao , Wang Xingmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTrajectory data from connected vehicles (CVs) provide a continuous and reliable means of obtaining information that can be leveraged to optimize traffic signals. This paper proposes a real‐time traffic signal control method using CV trajectory data as the sole input. The primary goal of the proposed signal control method is to prevent queue spillover, which may significantly decrease the traffic efficiency on urban networks and induce high delays to the travelers. The proposed method formulates the signal control problem via a linear quadratic optimization model, considering the constraints related to the duration and variability of green lights in practical traffic signal control systems. Compared to conventional max‐pressure‐based methods, the optimization model offers enhanced efficiency in handling these constraints, making it highly suitable for real‐life implementation. The proposed method has undergone testing in both simulated environments and real‐world applications. In the simulation experiments, the proposed method has been demonstrated to effectively reduce spillover risks and outperform a conventional max‐pressure‐based approach even when the CV penetration rate is as low as 5%. In the real‐world experiment, the proposed method had been tested in a traffic network around the Beijing Capital International Airport for several months. The severity of spillovers, which was represented by two performance indicators, had been significantly reduced after implementing the proposed method.