Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey
Authors: Shalaby Mostafa , ElSheikh Ahmed M. , Hamed Hosam ,   SURG-SAT-19 Collaborative Group, Elsheik Ahmed , Sakr Ahmad , Fouad Amgad , Kassem Amr , Elfeki Hossam , Madbouly Khaled , Alzahrani Khalid H. , Marzouk Khalid , Ali Mahmoud , Helal Mohamed Alaa Abdelmoez , Elsorogy Mohamed , Farid Mohamed , Di Lorenzo Nicola , Sileri Pierpaolo , Wexner Steven , Khafagy Wael , Adeyeye Ademola , El-Hussuna Alaa , Frontali Alice , Saklani Avanish , Lelpo Benedettao , Molena Daniela , Pandey Diwakar , Karbovnichaya Elena , Pata Francesco , Van Ramshor Gabrielle H. , Gallo Gaetano , Spolverato Gaya , Pellino Gianluca , Bagaglini Giulia , Rubio-Perez Ines , Negoi Ionut , Frigerio Isabella , Juloski Jovan , Ninkovic Marijana , Franceschilli Marzia , Azer Mina , Efetov Sergey , Ippoliti Simona , Garoufalia Zoe , Fazli Mohammad Rafi , Dogjani Agron , Cherfa Harieche Abdennour Abderahim , Omar Tilioua , Minoldo Javier , Alvarez Gallesio José Maria , Quesada Matias , Bacher Annica , Kropshofer Stephan , Ponholzer Florian , Tesik Philip , Gehwolf Philipp , Isci Sevim , Uranitsch Stefan , Berchtold Valeria , Samadov Elgun , Abualsel Abdulmenem , Mitul Ashrarur Rahman , Islam S. M. Nazmul , Vanlander Aude , Van Praet Charles , Van Daele Elke , Vanommeslaeghe Hanne , Stijns Jasper , Abosi-Appeadu Kessewa , Depuydt Martijn , Allaeys Mathias , Yves Van Nieuwenhove , Colleoni Ramiro , Slavchev Mihail , Elbahrawy Aly , Luc Jessica G. Y. , Milford Karen , Romic Ivan , Monti Alessio , Haydal Ashraf , Klein Mads Falk , Ocklind Miranda E. K. , Hadi Sabah Anwar , Alqasaby Abdallah , Elganash Abdelazim , Daibes Adel Goda Hussein , Elsaied Adham , Elhattab Ahmad , Lotfy Ahmad , Alnashar Ahmed , Elnour Ahmed Abd Elbaset Elsayed Abu , Abdelhalim Ahmed , Abdelhamid Ahmed , Abdellatif Ahmed , Abdelmohsen Ahmed , Abdelrafee Ahmed , Elhawary Ahmed Adel , Zidan Ahmed Azmy , Eleshra Ahmed , Elkafoury Ahmed , Ezz Ahmed , Abdelmomen Ahmed Ezzat Elghrieb , Elkased Ahmed Farag , Fawzy Ahmed , Elkhouly Ahmed G. , Hemidan Ahmed Gamal Abouelfetouh Ibrahim , Abbas Ahmed Hosam Eldin Hasan , Ismail Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed , Attia Ahmed Mohamed , Farid Ahmed Mohammed , Elnakash Ahmed Mostafa , Negida Ahmed , Soliman Ahmed , Taki-Eldin Ahmed , Albadry Ali Almahdy Ali , Sanad Aly , Elbatal Amira Alsayed Abdelhai , Elgazar Amr , Saleh Amr , Fahiem Andrew , Mohamed Anwar Yahya A. , Nageeb Ashraf , Elmetwally Ashraf S. , Alkhalegy Ayman , El-Wakeel Ayman , Shemes Ayman , Fadel Bashir A. , Lutfi Basma Waseem , Ali Doaa , Abolnasr Khaled Samir , Gamal Ehab , Abdallah Emad , Ahmed Emad Ali , Salem Eman Abdalla Mohamed , Hamed Esmael Ali , Elshikh Essam , Enad Farazdaq , Sarhan Fetoh Alaaeldin Fetoh , Abouelnagah Galal , Tagg Gamal Hassan El , Atef Gehad , Shaker George Samir Habib , Beshir Hatem , Zakaria Hazem M. , Barbary Hesham , Elgendy Hesham , Sharaf Hesham , Elnaghi Hisham , Elghadban Hosam , Elzayat Ibrahim , Fakhr Ibrahim , Sallam Ibrahim , Abdelmoneim Ibrahim Tharwat Mohamed , Elnemr Islam , Zewar Karem Shahin Mohamed , Elalfy Khaled , Sabet Khaled , Mansour Khaled Yousery Ibrahim , Osman Khalid Abdalla Abdelgadir , Elgaly Maher Elesawi Kamel , Shams Maher , Abozeid Mahmoud , Mohammed Mahmoud M. , Elkatt Mahmoud Mohamed , Samaha Mahmoud Yahia , Mikhael Marolla Maher Eskander , Khalil Medhat M. 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A. , Alhendawey Moaaz , Elrefai Mohamad , Gabr Mohamed A. , Fayed Mohamed Abdelaziz Mohamed Abdalla M , Abdelmaksoud Mohamed , Salem Mohamed Abouelmagd , Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed Adel , Nabeeh Mohamed Adel , Elsayed Mohamed Ahmed Abdelhalim Ahmed , Abdelmonem Mohamed Ahmed , Ali Mohamed Anwar Abdel Razik , Eldemery Mohamed , Elmesery Mohamed , Fikry Mohamed , Gharbia Mohamed , Omar Mohamed I. , Elmoghazy Mohamed Ibrahim , Ghazala Mohamed Jomma , Hamed Mohamed Korayem Fattouh , Metwally Mohamed , Arnouse Mohamed Mohamed Hamdy , Amen Mohamed Mohsen , Amary Mohamed Mokhtar , Kandel Mohamed Mosaad , Abuzeid Mohamed Mostafa , Rabea Mohamed , Sobh Mohamed Ramadan , Taman Mohamed , Fathy Mohammad , Moustafa Mohammad Montaser Hassan , Zuhdy Mohammad , Adel Mohammed , Alaa Mohammed , Alawady Mohammed , Edassy Mohammed El , Mohammed Mohammed Mustafa Hassan , Eldesouki Mohammed Nabil , Salim Mohammed Said Mahmoud , Sanad Mohammed , Khalaf Mohsen George , Henes Mohsen Michael , Abdelglil Momen , Mohmmed Mona Mhmoud , Abdelkhalik Morsi Mohamed Morsi , Shetiwy Mosab , Elshazli Mostafa , Hegazy Mostafa , Ahmed Mostafa Mahmoud , Abdelhalim Mostafa Mohammed , Shahein Mostafa , Sofan Mostafa , Hammad Muhammed Alaa Moukhtar , Ahmad Mustafa , Milad Nader , Farouk Nehal , Eldesouky Omnia , Mohamed Omnia Y. , Mahadel Osama Abdel Salam , Gaarour Osama , Torky Radwan Abdelsabour , Elhafez Raheem El-Gohary Abd , Adly Ramy Magdy , Nageeb Ramy Mikhael , Hamdi Salah , Gamal Sameh , Emile Sameh Hany , Regal Samer , Abdelrasheed Sayed , Elzeftawy Shady Ahmed , Khashshan Sohib Mohammed Mohammed , Ashraf Tamer , Khafagy Tamer , Nabil Tamer , Abdelazim Tarek , Rizk Tarek Taher , Amr Wesam , Yousef Yousef Mohamed , Youssef Youssef Abdel Aziz , Castaldi Antonio , Fiore Antonio , Hasani Ariola , Mariani Aurora , Dagorno Claire , Antonio D’Alessandro , Izzo Giuliano , Addari Giulio , Mangiameli Giuseppe , Rea Lo Dico , Pio Luca , Paci Marco , Andrea Police , De Fatico GSerena , Elvira Tartaglia , Schuldes Alejandro Daniel Lira , Rihan Eslam , Moeslein Gabriela , Lederhuber Hans , Botros Ibram , Jaman Ismail , Doerner Johannes , Elseberbihy John Rezk Hanna , Sherbiny Kareem El , Ghonim Mostafa , Mikrish Amir , Aziz Mina , Hatm Mohamed , Archid Rami , Gendy Samuel Elkess Morcos , Ahmad Sufian , Charalabopoulos Alexandros , Prodromidou Anastasia , Ioannidis Argyrios , Mpaili Eustratia , Boukorou Garyfallia , Papadopoulos Georgios , Liakakos Theodore , Styliani Vasileiadou , Agrawal Abhishek , Jain Amita , Rashid Arshad , Mehraj Asif , Brahmachari Swagata , Lakshmi Harish Neelamraju , Vishwakarma Kushagra , Parida Lalit , Sharma Meenakshi , Zaieem Mohammad , Makasarwala Murtaza , Nittala Rigved , Kumar Sanjeev , Vikrantmr Sharma , Junaid Sheikh , Khuller Somyaa , More Vinal , Ahmed Abeer Abdul Hameed , Alomieri Adil , Alhamdany Arkan Shubber , Del Muslim Ka , Najm Ghadah , Lateef Nawras Falah , Mcnamara Deborah , Abdelmageed Mohammed Elkassaby , Majeed Mudassar , Troci Albert , Porcu Alberto , Marano Alessandra , Di Bartolomeo Alessandro , Giani Alessandro , Giardino Alessandro , Canfora Alfonso , Balla Andrea , Barberis Andrea , Belli Andrea , Borasi Andrea , Manetti Andrea , Mingoli Andrea , Morini Andrea , Maurizi Angela , Marra Angelo Alessandro , Epifani Angelo Gabriele , Iossa Angelo , Parello Angelo , Guida Anna , Maffioli Anna , Scafa Anthony Kevin , Spinelli Antonino , Matarangolo Antonio , Picciariello Arcangelo , Pirozzi Brunella , Cirillo Bruno , Gazia Carlo , Ratto Carlo , Foppa Caterina , Marafante Chiara , Andrea Chierici , Tanda Cinzia , Guerci Claudio , Don Cristine , Zigiotto Daniele , Coniglio Denise , Sasia Diego , Visconti Diego , Altomare Donato F. , Guaitoli Eleonora , Botteri Emanuele , Pinotti Enrico , Martinelli Fabio , Uggeri Fabio , Bàmbina Fabrizio , Falaschi Federica , Costanzo Federico , La Torre Filippo , Milana Flavio , Abbatini Francesca , De Lucia Francesca , Tropeano Francesca Paola , Colombo Francesco , Ferrara Francesco , Litta Francesco , Carrano Francesco Maria , Orlando Francesco , Roscio Francesco , Selvaggi Francesco , Giarratano Gabriella , Pagano Gianluca , Lisi Giorgio , Argenio Giulio , Zancana Giuseppa , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Frazzetta Giuseppe , Mariateresa Grasso , Sciaudone Guido , Vella Ivan , Siragusa Leandro , Santurro Letizia , Ferri Lorenzo , Petagna Lorenzo , Ferrario Luca , Pitoni Ludovica , Pignatelli Marcello Filograna , Angrisani Marco , Giugliano Marco , Inama Marco , Marino Marco V. , Veltri Marco , Giuffrida Maria Carmela , Menna Maria Paola , Valente Marina , Rottoli Matteo , Sacchi Matteo , Uccelli Matteo , Rho Maurizio , Garino Mauro , Montuori Mauro , Campanelli Michela , Zese Monica , De Falco Nadia , Cillara Nicola , Mariani Nicolò Maria , Tamini Nicolò , Adorisio Ottavio , Campennì Paola , Venturelli Paolina , Bernante Paolo , Sapienza Paolo , Cianci Pasquale , Marsanic Patrizia , Lapolla Pierfrancesco , Tecchio Piero , Familiari Pietro , Fransvea Pietro , Bruzzaniti Placido , Hassan Redan , Pirovano Riccardo , Rimonda Roberto , Di Saverio Salomone , Di Carlo Sara , Perra Teresa , Campagnaro Tommaso , Testa Valentina , Andriola Valeria , Grappelli Virgilio Michael Ambrosi , Capizzi Vita , Chiarella Vito , Bellato Vittoria , Yanaga Katsuhiko , Farouk Mohamed , Uraiqat Ahmad , Almasri Mahmoud , Nabwana Ambrose , Siboe Mark M. W. , W Njoroge P. , Njoroge Githu , Ilkul Jh. , Obure Ralph Ombati , Palkhi Yusuf , Alkhayat Ali , Ali Ali Sayed , Malek Amgad Nashaat Abdel , Abdelsayed Emad Fahim , Zahra Tarek , Ayoub Larissa , Sleilati Fadi , Aoun Rany , Algatanesh Nassib , Fieturi Nura Ahmed , Ng Jen Siang , Díaz Andrés Vega , Duran Erik Efrain Sosa , Guerrero José Eaazim Flores , Jasso Manuel Meza , Flores Manuel SSalas , Felix Marcos José Serrato , Angulo Victor Manuel Pinto , Mejdane Abdelhadi , Aitali Abdelmounaim , Amal Benzakour , Zentar Aziz , Bensaad Ahmed , Yacir El Alami , Jawad Fassi Fihri Mohamed , Rachid Mohamed Ghassane , Maliki-Alaoui Mohamed , Ouadii Mouaqit , Mohammed Ouazni , Thein Nyan , Koirala Dinesh Prasad , Hilling Denise , Pouwels Sjaak , Okunlola Abiodun Idowu , Adejumo Adeyinka , Akinmade Akinola , Shittu Asimiyu Adekunle , Oluyomi Ayodele Samuel , Abiodun Azeez Lateef , Lawal Bashir , Odion Clement , Popoola Ademola , Jolayemi Edward , Shomoye El-Zaki , Wuraola Funmilola Olanike , Eke Grace , Abiyere Henry , Oluwasuyi Ige , George Ihediwa , Njokanma Iloba Gabriel , Aremu Isiaka , Dare Julius Kolajo , Abdur-Rahman Lukman , Ahmad Misbahu Haruna , Oludara Mobolaji Adewale , Mohammad Mohammad Aminu , Adeoluwa Ojajuni , Situ Oladele , Agbonrofo Peter , Kewulere Raji Taofiq , Aliyu Yakubu , Adebowale Yusuf , Galala Ahmed , Rao Satish , Waleed Aasma , Inam Aatif , Shaikh Abdul Razaque , Qureshi Ahmad Uzair , Muhammad Aneeqah Din , Ahmed Arooj , Kerawala Asad Ali , Aslam Mohammad , Mehr Asma , Javed Ayesha , Ahmad Farooq , Majid Haroon Javaid , Ahmed Hassan , Daudi Irfan , Akhtar Khalid , Niaz Khurram , Anwer Mariyah , Amir Mohammed , Hanif Muhammad Amir , Asif Muhammad , Raza Muhammad Asif , Khokhar Muhammad Imran , Jameel Muhammad Khurram , Nasir Muhammad , Shafique Muhammad Salman , Ateeb Mujammad , Nadeem Munawar , Shah Rahmat Ullah , Waqar Shahzad Hussain , Shah Shahzad Alam , Waseem Talat , Ghafoor Tariq , Fatima Tauseef , Bashir Umar , Gonzales Erick Ivan Huaman , Ruiz Luis Angel Garcia , Freitas Carla , De Sousa Xavier , Al-Bahrani Ahmed , Portela Carlos Antonio Sanchez , Elgazar Elsayed Aly , Robles Eloy Morasen , Khan Irfan Jan , Jarboa Lutfi , Khawar Mahwish , Echevarria Miguel Jose Pinto , Bashah Moataz M. , Dawdi Salahaldeen , Musthafa Shameel , Ali Syed Muhammad , Ciubotaru Cezar , Bonci Eduard-Alexandru , Muresan Mihai-Stefan , Bogdan Stoica , Ioan Tanase , Zubayraeva Albina , Derinov Aleksandr , Zakharenko Alexander , Novikova Anastasia , Bashlachev Andrey , Kaldarov Ayrat , Stanislav Berelavichus , Gorin David , Puzenko Dmitriy , Kazachenko Ekaterina , Ashimov Erkin , Medkova Iuliia , Ignatov Ivan , Sergeevich Kochetkov Viktor , Sidorova Lyudmila , Kiselev Michail , Danilov Michail , Aleksandr Ogoreltsev , Rodimov Sergey , Garmanovs Tatiana , Kitsenko Yury , Valery Nekoval , Japhet Ntezamizero , Sibiany Abdulrahman , Saadeldin Abdelhalim , Abuosba Abdelrahman , Alawadhi Abdulbari Mohammed , Alharbi Abdulhamid , Althumali Abdullah , Alghuliga Abdullah , Alotaibi Abdullah , Abduraboh Abdullah Fayez , Kateb Abdullah , Sindy Abdullah , Al Eisa Abdulmohsen , Alotaibi Abdulrahman , Almulhim Abdulrhman , Aljawhari Adel Ali , Abozeid Ahmad Mahmoud , Saad Ahmad , Alqarni Ahmed , Alwan Ahmed , Alwusaibie Ahmed , Bafaraj Ahmed , Eldeeb Ahmed , Tarabay Ahmed , Mohammed Mahfoudh , Alhedaithy Alhanouf , Almaghrabi Alhassan Hesham , Abed Ali Ibrahim Eldawy , Abdullah Alqahtani Ali , Semilan Anmar , Farag Mohamed , Khudhayr Essa , Hussain Marwah , Abbas Ghanem , Alqudaihi Heba , Alotaibi Abdulrahman , Abualnaja Yousra , Shaheen Abelnasser , Mubarak Ashraf Abdelazeem Mohamed , Ali Bandar Idrees A. , Alhazmi Barrag , Hijazi Bilal Ahmed , Abdulrahman Chadi , Oyedepo Charles Olajide , Alzamel Heythem , Tairab Elsanousi Ibrahim Sabir , Alsuwaimel Munir A. , Hejazi Soha , Alnoqaidan Emad , Alhussien Fade Ahmed , Jallad Fadi Sami , Khadwardi Faisal , Alghamdi Faisal Saleh , Haddad Feras , Sauri Fozan , Alafghani Haitham , Alfalah Haitham , Gad Hamada , Aboelmagid Hamdy Haggag Ebrahim , Ibrahim Hamed , Elzayady Hany M. , Sharafeldin Hatem Abdelrahman Ahmed , Sembawa Hatem A. , Alabbas Haytham , Abbas Hazem , Elgamal Hesham , Alawfi Homoud , Al-Sadery Humood , Abdelmotaleb Hussien Ali , Al Hassn Ibrahim , Mudawi Ishag M. , Nekhala Islam , Elsanhoury Kareem , Said Khalid Babieker , Albeshri Khalid A. , Albahooth Khalid , Mohammed Khalid Fathelrahman Bakier , Asar Khalid Mohammad Ibrahim , Osman Luqman , Alzamanan Mahdi , Alnabarawi Mahmoud , Althobaiti Majid , Elsayed Mohamed Abdelmoneim , Al Naeb Mohamed , Hassan Mohamed Salah Eldin , Abdelhamid Mohamed Sayed , Alyami Mohammad , Mirza Mohammad Amin , Sayouh Mohammad , Alkhayat Mohammed Amer , Basendowah Mohammed , Ghunaim Mohammed , Alhussaini Mohammed Khalid , Khoj Mohammed , Sbaih Mohammed , Saeed Muhammad Ahmad , Ali Muhammad Zulfiqar , Abdelaziz Nabil Yassin Tammam , Malibary Nadim , Abdo Nael , Amer Nasser Mohammed , Al Turki Neamat Ahmed Ali , Durayb Norah , Yassin Nouf , Akeel Nouf , Larbi Noureddine , Alsallum Ofays , Suliman Omar AAbu , Elsherbiny Osama , Abusalem Osama , Albalawi Ibrahim Altedlawi , Abutalib Raid Abdullah , Alarabi Rayan , Khan Roaa Ghazi , Alazzam Saleh , Alghamdi Saleh , Alsawat Salem , Salim Sami , Alshukr Sarah , Alzahrani Saud , Golea Smain , Alowairdhi Tumadher , Salman Usama , Abusiam Wael , Abualkhair Wael , Saber Wael , Tashkandi Wail , Alhazmi Waleed , Tashkandi Waleed , Yassine Wassim Abou , Alshabi Yaser Ahmad , Ibrahim Yaser , Shahin Yasser , Ibrahim Yassin , Aljathlany Yousef , Alnahas Yousef , Alrashidi Yousef , Wali Zubair , Ndong Abdourahmane , Ba Mamadou , Faye Papa Mamadou , Arbutina Dragana , Milic Ljiljana , Cuk Vladica , Hussein Abdinafic Mohamud , Mccaul Jeannie , Bertels Laurie , Pohl Linda , Arnold Marion , Mbatani Nomonde , Oosthuizen Pj , Rayamajhi Shreya , Vosloo Susan , Jooma Uzair , Landaluce-Olavarria Aitor , Vázquez-Melero Alba , Marcos Alberto , Puerto Puerto Alejandro , De La Hermosa Alicia Ruiz , Senent-Boza Ana , Ugarte-Sierra Bakarne , Montalbán Beatriz Cros , Martin-Perez Beatriz , Gomez Caroina Gonzalez , Colás-Ruiz Enrique , Santos Esther Garcia , Senra Fatima , Mora-Guzmán Ismael , Dziakova Jana , Díaz Jeancarlos J. Trujillo , Silva Jesús , Laina Juan Luis Blas , Tallon-Aguilar Luis , Di Martino Marcello , Chacón Mario Franco , Frasson Matteo , Calvo Mikel Prieto , Millan Monica , Tejedoe Patricia , Pérez-Bertólez Sonia , Turrado-Rodríguez Víctor , Elsanosi Abdelrhman Azhari Mohammed , Abdalbakheet Duaa , Ahmed Mohamed , Salim Omer El Faroug H. , Youssef Mohamed , Barbon Carlotta , Bouchrika Amal , Maghrebi Houcine , Loukil Issam , Yildiz Alp , Dursun Ayberk , Gulcu Baris , Calik Bulent , Eral Burak , Yeşilyurt Değercan , Yakar Fatih , Akin Furkan Atakan , Kilinc Gizem , Uslu Gülberk , Tuncer Korhan , Koc Mehmet Ali , Leventoğlu Sezai , Sokmen Selman , Atici Semra Demirli , Kaya Tayfun , Dere Ümit Akın , Kırmızı Yasemin , Ssenono Kavuma Daniel , Lule Herman , Mbiine Ronald , Hamza Ahmed , Ali Shabeer , Peediyakkal Saidalavi Padinhare , Varma Gopala Pillay , Mussa Haidar Aal , Al-Masari Hayder Makki , Shehata Mina , Seiam Moham , Aziz Muhammad Akram Abdul , Nimir Nessrein , Khare Ritu , Rashid Shahid , Kazim Shuiab , Gondal Zafar , Sherif Ahmed Elshawadfy , Ghanem Ahmed , Helmy Ahmed Hazem I. , Ibrahim Ahmed , Elshaer Ahmed Mohammed , Marzouk Ahmed Msm , Tamburrini Alessandro Paolo , Parente Alessandro , Light Alexander , Diamantopoulou Angela , Singh Baljit , Gurung Binay , Frauenfelder Claire , Leo Cosimo Alex , Raptis Dimitri , Thakrar Dixa , Madhuri Thumuluru Kavitha , Tsounaki Efthymia , Garreffa Emanuele , Soggiu Fiammetta , Stavrou George , Ng Hwei Jene , Tabasi Hani , Nasef Hazem , Kostakis Ioannis D. , Jeffery James , Warusavitarne Janindra , Lund Jon , Qurashi Kamran , Sahnan Kapil , Tong Kin Seng , Orecchia Luca , Kaur Mandeep , Zaidi Mariam , Ganau Mario , Hassan Mohamed Ali Gad , Curtis Nathan , Bhatt Nikita , Machairas Nikolaos , Zafar Noman , Toma Omar , Sarmah Panchali , Bassuni Majid , Davies Justin , Shawer Sami , Shawer Sherif , Lewis Sophia , Subramanian Sivaraman , Ahmad Suhaib , Nadeem Uqba , Njau Aidan , Tohamy Aley Eldin , Pakula Andrea M. , Simioni Andrea , Jarvis Bennie L. , Skandalakis Georgios P. , Hesham Hosai Todd , Isaiah Isaac A. , Villwock Jennifer , Martin Linda W. , Kress Melissa , Sebelik Merry , Lathan Sanaz , Towfigh Shirin , Holubar Stefan D. , Demeester Steve , Alshehari Mohammed Mohammed Hasan , Ghabisha Saif Ali , Abdulatef Shehab Ahmed Ali , Al-Kubati Waheeb , Obadiel Yasser Abdurabo , Gots Alexander , Nakazwe Mildred , Chipaila Jackson , Mazingi Dennis 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure.

Results
Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout.
There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management.

Conclusions
There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training.

Trial registration
The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov “NCT04433286” on 16/06/2020.