bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Transposons favour denovotranscript emergence through enrichment of transcription factor binding motifs
Authors: Lebherz Marie Kristin , Fouks Bertrand , Schmidt Julian , Bornberg-Bauer Erich , Grandchamp Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDe novogenes emerge from non-coding regions of genomes via succession of mutations. Among others, such mutations activate transcription and create a new open reading frame (ORF). Although the mechanisms underlying ORFs emergence are well documented, relatively little is known about the mechanisms enabling new transcription events. Yet, in many species a continuum between absent and very prominent transcription has been reported for essentially all regions of the genome.In this study we searched forde novotranscripts by using newly assembled genomes and transcriptomes of seven inbred lines ofDrosophila melanogaster, originating from six European and one African population. This setup allowed us to detect line specificde novotranscripts, and compare them to their homologous non-transcribed regions in other lines, as well as genic and intergenic control sequences. We studied the association with transposable elements and the enrichment of transcription factor motifs upstream ofde novoemerged transcripts and compared them with regulatory elements.We found thatde novotranscripts overlap with TEs more often than expected by chance. The emergence of new transcripts correlates with high CpG islands and regions of TEs activity. Moreover, upstream regions ofde novotranscripts are highly enriched with regulatory motifs. Such motifs abound in new transcripts overlapping with TEs, particularly DNA TEs, and are more conserved upstreamde novotranscripts than upstream their non-transcribed homologs. Overall, our study demonstrates that TEs insertion is important for transcript emergence, partly by introducing new regulatory motifs from DNA TE families.
The possibility of radical resources and participation in architectural education: autobiographical spatial narratives
Authors: Aykaç Gülşah 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to the pedagogical field of architectural education by conceptualizing autobiographical spatial narratives as possible radical resources and avenues for participation. It seeks to advance a critical approach to the dominant canon of course contents and hidden local dynamics of exclusion and discrimination in architectural education.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is based on conceptual and critical analyses of feminist, postcolonial and radical architectural pedagogies, relating those with broader feminist pedagogies that question exclusion and discrimination mechanisms from the perspective of the radicality of emotions. As a second step, three experiments intentionally designed in academic courses to open space for autobiographical spatial narratives are analysed to extend the theoretical discussion into the specific local dynamics of exclusion and discrimination that have largely been ignored to date in Turkey.FindingsDifferent pedagogical approaches and self-experiments have revealed that autobiographical spatial narratives are a type of resource that accommodates students' diverse spatial experiences including forcible displacement. Sharing that multiplicity creates opportunities for participation in the classroom and studio where different individualities, backgrounds and identities are made visible. These potential resources and participation are open to emotions and affects, are collective and transformative and, therefore, are radical.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough research on architectural pedagogies is still limited, the current literature is constantly being empowered by new studies from various geographies and localities. The present study may facilitate future comparative readings and further research on radical architectural pedagogies, particularly within the Global South, where complex local dynamics might share commonalities dominated by the Western canon. It may also open new discussions on discrimination and the exclusion of silenced individuals in architectural education in Turkey and elsewhere. In the scope of this paper, however, the practical experiences and observations based on two years in architectural education may be too limited for a comprehensive analysis of the applications of autobiographical spatial narratives.Originality/valueThis paper offers novel strategies for creating inclusive, intersectional and decolonized perspectives for knowledge production and more equal spaces in architectural education.
Artificial intelligence or human: when and why consumers prefer AI recommendations
Authors: Jin Fei , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: October 2023

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing product recommendations, but little is known about consumer acceptance of AI recommendations. This study examines how to improve consumers' acceptance of AI recommendations from the perspective of product type (material vs experiential).Design/methodology/approachFour studies, including a field experiment and three online experiments, tested how consumers' preference for AI-based (vs human) recommendations differs between material and experiential product purchases.FindingsResults show that people perceive AI recommendations as more competent than human recommendations for material products, whereas they believe human recommendations are more competent than AI recommendations for experiential products. Therefore, people are more (less) likely to choose AI recommendations when buying material (vs experiential) products. However, this effect is eliminated when is used as an assistant to rather than a replacement for a human recommendation.Originality/valueThis study is the first to focus on how products' material and experiential attributes influence people's attitudes toward AI recommendations. The authors also identify under what circumstances resistance to algorithmic advice is attenuated. These findings contribute to the research on the psychology of artificial intelligence and on human–technology interaction by investigating how experiential and material attributes influence preference for or resistance to AI recommenders.
The bright and dark sides of online customer engagement on brand love
Authors: Siu Noel Yee Man , Zhang Tracy Junfeng , Yeung Raissa Sui-Ping 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Drawing on conservation of resources theory, this study aims to investigate the impact of online customer engagement on brand love via dual mediating mechanisms, empowerment (bright side) and stress (dark side). The roles of perceived brand quality and extroversion as weakener and facilitator respectively on the dark side effect are also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey is conducted, targeting people who have experience in participating in online engagement activities. The dual mediation and moderation analysis are examined.

Findings
The results confirm the proposed dual mediating mechanisms. Perceived brand quality and extroversion also significantly moderate the engagement–stress link.

Research limitations/implications
This study explains the mediating mechanisms between online customer engagement and brand love, with a focus on the fast-moving consumer goods industry. This calls for further research on other industries.

Practical implications
This study provides marketers with insights that online customer engagement strategies are not always good and that they should be more careful in formulating such strategies.

Originality/value
This study advances the understanding of the relationship between customer engagement and brand love in the virtual community especially in the social media context.
The dual impact of job variety on employee happiness and stress: the mediating role of employee engagement and burnout
Authors: Hafeez Shumaila , Memon Mumtaz Ali , Mirza Muhammad Zeeshan , Raziq Muhammad Mustafa , Sarwar Naukhez , Ting Hiram 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe objectives of this study are twofold: firstly, to examine the effect of job variety on employee engagement and job burnout, and the effect of employee engagement and job burnout on employee happiness and job stress, respectively. Secondly, it examines the mediating role of employee engagement between job variety and employee happiness, as well as the mediating role of job burnout between job variety and job stress.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from front-line nurses working in the health sector in Pakistan's major cities. A total of 169 samples were collected using online and face-to-face data collection approaches. The theoretical model was tested using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4.0.FindingsThe findings of this study highlight that job variety has a positive impact on employee engagement, which in turn leads to employee happiness among professional frontline nurses. Additionally, job variety as a demand increases employee burnout, which subsequently increases frontline nurses' job stress. The results also indicate that employee engagement mediates the relationship between job variety and employee happiness, while burnout mediates the relationship between job variety and job stress.Originality/valueTo date, there has been little research investigating the dual impact of job variety, leaving a significant gap in the existing literature. This study aims to address this gap and provide implications for both academics and HR managers by challenging the misconception that job variety is always a positive job resource.
Long‐term organic farming and floral diversity promotes stability of bee communities in agroecosystems
Authors: Bloom Elias H. , Illán Javier Gutiérrez , Brousil Matthew R. , Reganold John P. , Northfield Tobin D. , Crowder David W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Increasing bee diversity promotes pollination services on farms. Yet, given the high turnover in pollinator communities, without knowledge of how pollinator communities assemble, it is difficult to conserve or increase bee diversity. Thus, a mechanistic understanding of factors mediating pollinator community assembly could promote pollinator conservation measures.

To assess the determinants of pollinator community assembly and structure, we surveyed bee communities and floral resources on 36 farms ranging from 0 to 43 years in organic production. We used niche‐based and stochastic species abundance models to characterise the mechanisms driving community assembly, and an additive partition of beta diversity to evaluate resource and species turnover (i.e. community structure). We then used statistical models to assess whether resource turnover or time in organic production altered community assembly and beta diversity, and a jackknife analysis to assess the sensitivity of top models to resource and species identity.

We show that bee communities on farms that practiced organic methods for longer assembled by niche‐based rather than stochastic processes and had less turnover in bee species across years. Because our model of niche‐based processes assumes resource use, these results indicate bee communities reflect underlying species‐specific resource preferences (e.g. floral and/or nesting resources) and that longer periods of organic management reduced dissimilarity mediated by species replacement. Our jackknife approach then examined the role of species identity effects in beta diversity, showing changes in floral resources increased dissimilarity driven by bee species loss, but only in landscapes simplified by urbanisation. This jackknife analysis then indicated that landscape resource replacement which was not driven by particular landscape classes, mediated bee species replacement wherein dissimilarity was driven by a generalist native bee, suggesting bee life history (e.g. flexibility in resource use) and landscape complementarity, rather than identity, underlie patterns identified using the beta diversity equations.

Our results show bee communities assemble by niche‐based processes, evidenced by collinearity in resource and bee species turnover. Because niche‐based assembly indicates ecosystem health, farmers who adopt crop diversification and practice organic methods for longer may promote pollinator diversity and stability leading to improved pollination in farms.

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Fire decreases soil respiration and its components in terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Zhou Luhong , Liu Shangshi , Gu Yaning , Wu Linfang , Hu Hang‐Wei , He Ji‐Zheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The impact of fire on above‐ground biomass has significant consequences on soil carbon (C) dynamics, which is essential in predicting the global C budget during the Anthropocene. However, there is considerable spatiotemporal variability in the directions and magnitudes of fire effects on soil respiration, and the drivers associated with these effects are not well understood.

Here, we conducted a global meta‐analysis of 1327 individual observations from 170 studies to determine the extent to which fire influenced soil total respiration (Rs), heterotrophic respiration (Rh) and autotrophic respiration (Ra).

We found fires reduced Rs, Rh and Ra, with an average effect of −11.0%, −17.5% and −40.6%, compared with unburnt sites. Specifically, wildfires significantly reduced Rs and Rh (−20.4% and −25.0%, respectively), and prescribed fire significantly decreased Ra (−74.8%). The influences of fire on Rs and its components were moderated by fire severity, season, type, climate zones and biomes. After several years from the time of the fire, the negative effects of fire on Rs diminished and then recovered to a state not significantly different from unburnt sites; Rh exhibited a similar but decayed temporal response. Similarly, the negative effects on Ra disappeared after 3 years following the latest fire. The magnitude of the effect on Rs was strongly associated with soil temperature, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen (N) content and N‐acquiring enzyme activity. In contrast, the magnitude of the effect on Rh significantly changed with pH, bulk density, texture, soil C and nutrient contents, and C‐acquiring enzyme activity.

Our findings advance the understanding of the inhibition and associated mechanisms of fire on Rs and its components, highlighting the need for new research efforts to predict the spatial‐temporal shifts in underground C‐cycling induced by fire.

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School teachers' knowledge and perceptions of inclusive education in Fiji
Authors: Chitiyo Jonathan , Alasa Victor 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines teachers' level of knowledge of inclusive education as well as their perceptions of the practice. Participants were a sample of 162 teachers in Fiji. Results indicate that the participants demonstrated professional knowledge of inclusive education, with a good understanding of inclusive education as indicated by their high level of understanding of the important processes involved in its implementation. Significant relationships were found between the demographic variables of school level, years of work experience and participants' knowledge of inclusive education. These findings offer valuable insights into the status of inclusive education in Fiji. Recommendations and implications for practice and future research are provided.
Short vs Long Stem Alternations in Romance Verbal Inflection: The S‐Morphome
Authors: Herce Borja , Cathcart Chundra A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSome verbs in Romance (e.g. the reflexes of faciō ‘do’, dīcō ‘say’, habeō ‘have’, sapiō ‘know’, possum ‘be able’, and volō ‘want’) display alternations between a short (e.g. It. f‐are, f‐a, d‐ire) and a long (e.g. It. fac‐evo, dic‐e, dic‐evo) stem. This paper contains an exploration of the lexical and paradigmatic distribution of these stem alternations across Romance varieties to trace when they emerged, how and why. The results suggest a comparatively early emergence as a result of the interaction between preexisting morphological predictability relations within the paradigm and an evolutionary preference for shorter forms in high‐frequency word forms and lexemes.
Validation of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program risk predictor in an Australian general surgical cohort
Authors: Moi Daniel , Olesnicky Ben , Zanjani Negar , Wang Andy , Mulligan Michelle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Surgical Risk Calculator from the American College of Surgeons is a widely available tool for peri‐operative risk prediction. This study investigates its predictive performance in an Australian setting.MethodsA single‐centre retrospective external validation study was conducted at a tertiary referral centre in New South Wales, Australia. Data from a general surgical cohort in a 2‐year period from 2020 to 2021 was collected from the NSQIP database and entered into the NSQIP calculator. The predictive performance of the calculator was analysed across the standard 14 NSQIP postoperative outcome measures at 30 days.ResultsThere were 2121 patient records analysed using tests of accuracy and in the discrimination and calibration domains. The overall predictive performance of the NSQIP calculator was reasonable. There was greater accuracy at lower‐risk predictions. At higher‐risk predictions, Readmission, Death, and Discharge to Nursing or Rehab Facility, and Length of Stay were overestimated, whilst other outcomes were underestimated.ConclusionThis study demonstrates reasonable overall performance of the NSQIP calculator in the context of this cohort and provides data to support the need for locally adapted and validated risk prediction tools for use by Australian perioperative physicians.
Evaluating the impact of transient shear stress on platelet activation, adhesion, and aggregation with microfluidic chip technique
Authors: Gao Xuemei , Zhang Tiancong , Huang Xiaojing , Huan Xuanrong , Li Yuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhen nonphysiological stenosis occurs, the transient high shear stress formed in vessels increases the risk of thrombosis and is a potential factor for cardiovascular diseases. But the platelet adhesion and aggregation behavior at nonphysiological post‐stenosis and its affecting factors are not fully understood yet.MethodsIn this experiment, platelet aggregation on collagen and fibrinogen at different shear stresses and different hematocrits were observed by microfluidic technology. Platelet activation (P‐selectin, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa) and monocyte‐platelet aggregate (MPA) levels under different shear stresses were analyzed by flow cytometry.ResultsOn fibrinogen, platelets aggregate more at higher shear stress conditions. While on collagen, it becomes more difficult for platelets to form stable aggregation at higher shear stress conditions. If platelets adhere initially at low shear stress, stable platelet aggregation can be formed at subsequent high shear stress. Moreover, when the shear stress increases, platelet activity markers (P‐selectin, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and MPAs) increase significantly. Hematocrit affects the degree of platelet aggregation, and the influence of hematocrit is obvious at high shear stress.ConclusionTransient high shear stress (46 ms) can effectively activate platelets. Platelet aggregation behavior was different for coated fibrinogen and collagen protein. Stable platelet adhesion at post‐stenosis is more dependent on fibrinogen and platelet aggregation is stable on both fibrinogen and collagen. Hematocrit can significantly affect the formation of platelet aggregation.
Mental health, pain and tiredness in adults born very preterm or with very low birthweight
Authors: Hollund Ingrid Marie Husby , Aakvik Kristina Anna Djupvik , Benum Silje Dahl , Ingvaldsen Sigrid Hegna , Lydersen Stian , Tikanmäki Marjaana , Hovi Petteri , Räikkönen Katri , Kajantie Eero , Johnson Samantha , Marlow Neil , Baumann Nicole , Wolke Dieter , Indredavik Marit S. , Evensen Kari Anne I. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimAdults born preterm have increased risk of mental health problems and other neurodevelopmental conditions. We aimed to investigate associations of mental health with pain and tiredness in adults born very preterm (VP; <32 weeks) or very low birthweight (VLBW; <1500 g) and at term, and whether these associations are influenced by physical activity.MethodsAs part of an EU Horizon 2020 project, individual participant data from six prospective cohort studies were harmonised for 617 VP/VLBW and 1122 term‐born participants. Mental health was assessed by the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment Adult Self‐Report. Pain and tiredness were harmonised based on specific items from self‐reported questionnaires. Associations between mental health and pain or tiredness were explored by linear regression.ResultsAn increase in the mental health scales internalising, externalising and total problems was associated with increased pain and tiredness in the preterm and term group alike. Results were maintained when adjusting for physical activity.ConclusionThe findings indicate that associations between mental health, pain and tiredness in adults are independent of gestation or birthweight. Future research should explore other potential mechanisms that may underlie the increased risk of mental health problems in the preterm population.
Novel symptom clusters predict disease impact and healthcare utilisation in inflammatory bowel disease: Prospective longitudinal follow‐up study
Authors: Riggott Christy , Fairbrass Keeley M. , Black Christopher J. , Gracie David J. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: October 2023

SummaryBackgroundPredicting adverse disease outcomes and high‐volume users of healthcare amongst patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult.AimsThe aim of this study is to use latent class analysis to create novel clusters of patients and to assess whether these predict outcomes during 6.5 years of longitudinal follow‐up.MethodsBaseline demographic features, disease activity indices, anxiety, depression, and somatoform symptom‐reporting scores were recorded for 692 adults. Faecal calprotectin (FC) was analysed at baseline in 348 (50.3%) patients (<250 mcg/g defined biochemical remission). Using baseline gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, latent class analysis identified specific patient clusters. Rates of glucocorticosteroid prescription or flare, escalation, hospitalisation, or intestinal resection were compared between clusters using multivariate Cox regression.ResultsA three‐cluster model was the optimum solution; 132 (19.1%) patients had below‐average gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms (cluster 1), 352 (50.9%) had average levels of gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms (cluster 2), and 208 (30.1%) had the highest levels of both gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms (cluster 3). Compared with cluster 1, cluster 3 had significantly increased risk of flare or glucocorticosteroid prescription (hazard ratio (HR): 2.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46–3.10), escalation (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.34–2.76), a composite of escalation, hospitalisation, or intestinal resection (HR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.45–2.88), or any of the endpoints of interest (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.45–2.93). Healthcare utilisation was highest in cluster 3.ConclusionsNovel model‐based clusters identify patients with IBD at higher risk of adverse disease outcomes who are high‐volume users of healthcare.