bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of maternal and paternal personality disorders with risk of mental disorders in children: A nationwide, register‐based cohort study of 1,406,965 children
Authors: Gjøde Ida Christine Tholstrup , Laursen Thomas Munk , Müller Anne Dorothee , Ranning Anne , Moszkowicz Mala , Hemager Nicoline , Speyer Helene , Hjorthøj Carsten , Nordentoft Merete , Thorup Anne Amalie Elgaard 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of the association between parental personality disorders and mental disorders in children is limited. To examine the association between parental personality disorders and the risk of mental disorders in offspring.MethodsWe linked Danish health registers to create a cohort of children born from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2016. Children were followed until their 18th birthday, diagnosis set, emigration, death, or December 31, 2016. Parental personality disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Eighth or 10th Revision. Poisson regression analyses were used to estimate the incidence risk ratio (IRR) and cumulative incidence of ICD 10th mental disorders in offspring (age 0–17).ResultsThe study cohort included 1,406,965 children. For girls, maternal or paternal personality disorder (MPD/PPD) was associated with mental disorders: MPD girls (IRR, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.59–2.89) and PPD girls (IRR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.94–2.27). Likewise, the risk was increased for both MPD boys (IRR, 2.44; 95% CI, 2.33–2.56) and PPD boys (IRR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.91–2.18). For girls and boys combined, exposure to two parents with a personality disorder was associated with the highest risk (IRR, 3.69; 95% CI, 3.15–4.33). At age 18, the cumulative incidence of any mental disorder in children of one or two parents with a personality disorder was 34.1% (95% CI, 33.0–35.1), which was twice the cumulative incidence of mental disorders in nonexposed children (15.2% [95% CI, 15.1–15.3]).ConclusionChildren of parents with a personality disorder were at a 2 to 3.5 times higher risk of mental disorders compared with nonexposed offspring. Possible mechanisms of transmission of mental disorders from parent to child involve genetic, environmental, and gene–environment pathways. More research into these mechanisms and research into preventive interventions is warranted.
Risk factors and management of primary giant retinal tears
Authors: Govers Birgit M. , van Huet Ramon A. C. , El Kandoussi Mustapha , den Hollander Anneke I. , Keijser Sander , Klevering B. Jeroen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo describe clinical characteristics and management in a large cohort of patients with retinal detachment due to a giant retinal tear (GRT).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study with 222 eyes of 206 patients with a primary and non‐traumatic GRTs between 2005 and 2022. We analysed the relevant clinical and surgical data from these patients.ResultsEighty‐six per cent (n = 177) of patients were male. We observed no relation between refractive error and GRT size (Spearman's rho: r = −0.018, p = 0.83). We achieved a primary and final treatment success in 77%, respectively 92%, of eyes. The final visual outcome was 20/40 or better in 65% and 36% of eyes in fovea‐on and fovea‐off GRTs respectively. Thirty‐five per cent (n = 73) of patients developed a retinal detachment in the fellow eye. The median time until a retinal detachment in the fellow eye occurred after GRT was 20 months, and 10% developed within 1 month. A prediction model for the development of retinal detachment in the fellow eye resulted in a receiver operating characteristics curve with an area under the curve of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57–0.78, p = 0.001).ConclusionWe observed a highly significant gender imbalance in patients with a non‐traumatic GRT. One third of patients developed a retinal detachment bilaterally. Ten per cent of fellow eye's retinal detachment that develop after GRT, occur within 1 month. Clinical parameters showed limited predictive value for a retinal detachment in the fellow eye. These findings suggest an underlying genetic factor.
Laser fetoscopy ablation for twin–twin transfusion syndrome may reduce the risk of ROP
Authors: García‐Serrano José Luis , Fernández‐Marín Elisabeth , Domech‐Serrano Teresa , Stevens Benjamin Robert , Uberos Fernández José 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTwin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a condition wherein monochorionic twins share a common placenta with placental anastomoses between the two foetal circulations. Most infants who survive TTTS are born prematurely. This study aimed to determine whether fetoscopic laser ablation (FLA) can reduce the risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and whether TTTS was a risk factor for ROP.MethodsThis single‐centre, retrospective, comparative study included 32 monochorionic twins with TTTS matched for gestational age, birthweight and sex to premature twins and singletons without TTTS (n = 68; twins, n = 34; and singletons, n = 34) born between 2003 and 2022. A single ophthalmologist recorded the fundus findings. FLA was performed using Solomon's technique to separate the vascular systems of the twins with TTTS.ResultsThe gestational age and weight of premature infants with TTTS treated with FLA were significantly higher than those of untreated infants (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively); however, the hyaline membrane grade was lower (p = 0.004). A significant increase in weight (g/day) (p = 0.002) and lesser avascular area in the peripheral temporal retina (p = 0.045) was observed at postnatal week 4. The risk of ROP in the FLA group was 2.6 times (13.3% vs. 35.3%) lower than that in the non‐FLA group; however, this difference was not significant. The incidence of any stage of ROP (25% vs. 18%) and treatment for ROP type 1 (6.25% vs. 5.9%) did not differ significantly between monochorionic twins with TTTS and premature infants without TTTS.ConclusionThe gestational age of premature infants with TTTS treated with FLA was higher than that of untreated infants. Moreover, a reduction in complications of prematurity was also observed. Laser fetoscopy in twin–twin transfusion syndrome may reduce the risk of ROP, but the difference was not statistically significant in this small study.
Retinal neural tissue and vascular calibres in migraine: the Northern Finland Birth Cohort Eye Study
Authors: Ristioja Salla , Leiviskä Ilmari L. , Saarela Ville O. , Liinamaa M. Johanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the possible effects of migraine on retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), ganglion cell‐inner plexiform layer (GC‐IPL), macular thickness and retinal arteriolar and venular diameters (CRAE, CRVE) in a population‐based birth cohort.Methods375 migraineurs and 1489 healthy controls were included in this cross‐sectional cohort study. RNFL, GC‐IPL and macular thickness parameters were measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), and vascular parameters were measured from fundus photographs. Migraine was determined by a questionnaire and specific features were selected as covariates (gender, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, refraction and diabetes).ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between healthy controls and migraineurs in average RNFL (p = 0.123), macular (p = 0.488) or GC‐IPL (p = 0.437) thickness. Migraine did not have a significant effect on any of the macular or GC‐IPL subfields. For RNFL subfields, only temporal inferior was borderline significantly increased in migraineurs (p = 0.039) in adjusted results. No statistically significant differences were found between study groups on retinal vascular calibres CRAE (p = 0.879), CRVE (p = 0.145) or AVR (p = 0.259). GC‐IPL thickness was found to be positively correlated with CRAE and CRVE in both study groups as GC‐IPL thickness increased together with the increase in CRAE and CRVE (p‐trend < 0.001 in both), and a similar trend was detected with central macular subfield thickness and systolic (p‐trend < 0.001) and diastolic (p‐trend = 0.010) blood pressure, but only in the control group.ConclusionThere were no remarkable differences between migraineurs and healthy controls in retinal vascular or structural parameters in our study.
From fieldwork to frames: Insights from an auto‐ethnographic comic on the French‐Italian border of Ventimiglia
Authors: Aru Silvia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper examines The diary from the border: Ventimiglia, an auto‐ethnographic comic based on intensive fieldwork in the Italian border city of Ventimiglia from September to December 2018. The primary objective of my empirical research was to explore the socio‐spatial effects of France's reintroduction of border controls in the area since 2015, mainly targeting irregular mobilities within the European Union (EU). This study presents the auto‐ethnographic comic by delving into two crucial aspects. Firstly, it illuminates the rationale behind utilising an auto‐ethnographic comic as a research output, shedding light on the creative process involved in its conception. Secondly, it explores its composite narrative plot, encompassing three key elements: ‘me’ (the researcher's personal experiences extending beyond the fieldwork), ‘me in Ventimiglia’ (the researcher's encounters during the fieldwork), and ‘Ventimiglia itself’ (the French‐Italian border regime). By fostering a trans‐disciplinary dialogue encompassing migration issues, comics and life course theory, this paper enriches the geographical debate in three significant ways. It recognises the profound impact of the researcher's life events in shaping both research experiences and outcomes within and beyond the fieldwork. Additionally, it underscores the importance of auto‐ethnographic comics in challenging dominant narratives and visually portraying the multifaceted experiences of migration. Lastly, it contributes to the ongoing discussion on visual methods within geography and advocates for using comics as a compelling tool to disseminate research findings, fostering empathy and a comprehensive understanding of migration experiences.
Prosecutors’ considerations when initiating plea bargaining
Authors: Tisdale Casey N. , Votruba Ashley M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProsecutors are the key decision‐makers when it comes to plea bargaining, which is responsible for the resolution of about 90% of criminal cases. We distributed a mixed‐method survey to a national sample of 180 prosecutors to ask about their key considerations when initiating and prosecuting a criminal case. Additionally, the survey asked prosecutors to provide any information they wanted to share regarding plea bargaining. We then conducted a qualitative content analysis to comprehensively identify the factors the prosecutors discussed. We found several factors that prosecutors take into consideration when starting to evaluate a criminal case: attributes of the criminal defendant (e.g., criminal history), victim input (e.g., victim wishes), and factors specific to the case (e.g., evidence strength). Further, when asked if they would like to share anything regarding plea bargaining, some prosecutors stressed the necessity of the plea system, some shared their punishment orientations, and others discussed how they determine punishment on a case‐by‐case basis. Overall, prosecutors tended to stress criminal history as largely influential in their plea decision‐making. This study provides insight into prosecutorial plea bargain decision‐making while providing opportunity for future research.
Lower creatinine to cystatin C ratio is associated with an increased risk of MASLD: A cross‐sectional and prospective study of 368,634 UK Biobank participants
Authors: Wang Jiaren , Zeng Lin , Hong Chang , Cui Hao , Wang Weizhen , Zhu Hongbo , Li Qimei , Li Yan , Li Ruining , He Jingzhe , Zhu Hong , Liu Li , Xiao Lushan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects many populations, and screening out the high‐risk populations at an early stage is a challenge. As a sarcopenia index, the relationship between creatinine to cystatin C ratio (CCR) and MASLD remains unclear. This cross‐sectional, prospective study aimed to explore the relationship between CCR and MASLD. Design Firstly, explored the correlation between CCR and MASLD in cross‐sectional analyses. Then excluded the population with baseeline diagnosis of MASLD and analyzed the association with baseline CCR levels and the onset of MASLD in the population with available follow‐up data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) to evaluate the association between CCR levels and MASLD.Patients and MeasurementsThis study included 368,634 participants from the UK Biobank for cross‐sectional and prospective analyses. The demographic characteristics and laboratory measurements of all participants were obtained from the UK Biobank. MASLD was diagnosed according to the multi‐society consensus nomenclature. Hepatic steatosis was defined as FLI  ≥60.ResultsWe grouped the study participants according to CCR tertiles. In cross‐sectional analyses, participants in CCR tertile 1 had the highest MASLD risk (OR: 1.070, 95% CI: 1.053−1.088, p < .001). And the similar association was observed in the prospective analyses (CCR tertile 1 OR: 1.340, 95% CI: 1.077−1.660, p = .009; CCR tertile 2 OR: 1.217, 95% CI: 1.021−1.450, p = .029, respectively). After stratification by gender, the significant association between CCR and the onset of MASLD was only observed in males (CCR tertile 1 OR: 1.639, 95% CI: 1.160−2.317, p = .005; CCR tertile 2 OR: 1.322, 95% CI: 1.073−1.628, p = .005, respectively).ConclusionOur results indicated that lower CCR was significantly associated with higher risk of MASLD, based on which predictive models can be developed to screen populations at high risk of developing MASLD.
Questioning modernity and heritage: The case of the River Club development in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Jenkins Tauriq , Vawda Shahid 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe proposed construction of the controversial Amazon African headquarters at the River Club site in Cape Town encompasses several issues related to modern heritage, colonial practices, sustainable development, the nature‐culture divide, and the Anthropocene. Although approved by the City of Cape Town and the provincial government of the Western Cape, with plans for residential and business units, activists, researchers, environmental organizations, workers' unions, and social justice coalitions associated with indigenous Khoe and San groups oppose the development on the grounds of the symbolic and historical importance of the site earmarked for development. The paper aims to explore the significance of the site, analyze the ensuing confrontations and contestations and examine how the site represents spaces of public history, urban spatial construction, and memory. The focus of the paper will be the complex interplay between social, cultural, ethical, and political forces, and their intersection with legal and institutional policy processes at different levels of the state and the local. Ultimately, the paper challenges the claim of the City of Cape Town, the provincial government, and the developers that their version of historical progress is equitable and fair, and raises a broader question about Eurocentric ideas of emancipation, aesthetics and notions of history, heritage and development.
Postpartum romantic attachment and constructiveness: The protective effects of a conflict communication intervention for parents’ relationship functioning over one year
Authors: Murray‐Perdue Samantha A. , Nowak Amanda L. , O'Neill Molly J. , Wang Lijuan , Cummings E. Mark , Braungart‐Rieker Julia M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractParent relationship functioning has a well‐documented influence on children's early socioemotional development as early as infancy. Postpartum parenting is also a critically vulnerable period for relationships and often results in relationship decline. We investigated the effects of a rigorous, psycho‐educational conflict communication intervention for supporting parents’ relationship functioning in terms of self‐reported romantic attachment and observed conflict constructiveness. Using latent growth curve models, we evaluated the change in romantic attachment and constructiveness among 202 mother‐father couples from 6 to 18 months postpartum. We further tested a comparison of the effects of the Conflict Intervention (CI) versus the control group and the Conflict Intervention paired with an additional parent sensitivity intervention (anyCI) versus the control group. Results indicated romantic attachment and observed constructiveness decreased over the 1‐year period; this decline was partially mitigated for fathers participating in the intervention(s), wherein fathers who received the Conflict Intervention showed less decline in observed conflict constructiveness over time. Moreover, compared with those in the control condition, mothers who received the Conflict Intervention reported lower attachment security at 18 months postpartum. These results underscore the importance of including perspectives from both mothers and fathers when investigating intervention effects and considering the impact of combining interventions for parents.Research Highlights
A randomized control trial of a conflict intervention including mothers and fathers demonstrates protective effects for fathers’ constructiveness between 6 and 18 months postpartum but was not protective for mothers.
Parenting experience, whether parents were transitioning to parenthood or had older children, did not significantly predict romantic attachment or behavioral constructiveness trajectories.
Interparental romantic attachment and constructiveness declined only slightly postpartum.
Effects of the intervention were reduced when the intervention was combined with a second intervention.
Contrasting effects of beekeeping and land use on plant–pollinator networks and pathogen prevalence in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems
Authors: Martínez‐López Vicente , Ruiz Carlos , Pires Mathias M. , De la Rúa Pilar 
Published: December 2023

Pollinators are fundamental for plant reproduction in natural and agricultural ecosystems. However, their populations are declining worldwide, threatening the functioning of the ecosystem service they provide. The factors driving this change are manifold, but land use changes and interspecific transmission of pathogens between managed and wild bees are prominent. In this context, most research efforts have focused on specific taxa and rarely at the community level, limiting our ability to fully understand the effects of global change on the functioning of plant–pollinator interactions in ecosystems.Here, we investigate the impact of human activities (beekeeping and land use intensity) on the spread of an emergent pathogen Vairimorpha ceranae in Mediterranean wild bee communities inhabiting landscapes with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance. Plant–pollinator interactions were sampled in nine one‐hectare plots along a gradient of land use (urban structures, croplands and natural vegetation) and beekeeping intensity. We analysed the impact of human disturbances on pollination networks and pathogen prevalence, and applied a network approach to examine whether total effects of species in networks (i.e. direct plus indirect interactions) explain pathogen spread through bee communities.We found that V. ceranae prevalence in honey bees is not a good predictor of the pathogen spread through bee communities. There seems to be a temporal mismatch between pathogen dynamics in managed and wild bees. Networks with more diversity of interactions and more plants showed less pathogen prevalence, but total effect analyses (i.e. combining direct and indirect interactions) failed to explain pathogen transmission across pollination networks. Croplands increased wild bee density, and interactions and species diversity in networks, while shrublands had the opposite effect. Our results highlight the importance of studying pathogen dynamics at the community level and analysing species interaction patterns to improve our understanding of pathogen spread through communities.
The last free traders? Interwar trade policy in the Netherlands and Netherlands East Indies
Authors: de Zwart Pim , Lampe Markus , O'Rourke Kevin Hjortshøj 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThere has still been too little detailed work on the protectionism that emerged in the wake of the Great Depression. In this paper we explore the experiences of two countries that have been largely neglected in the literature, the Netherlands and Netherlands East Indies (NEI). How did these traditionally free‐trading economies respond to the Depression? We construct a detailed product‐level database of tariff and non‐tariff barriers to trade on the basis of primary sources. While ad valorem tariff increases in the Netherlands were largely due to deflation, the country protected agriculture and textiles in a number of ways. Once quotas are taken into account, trade restrictiveness indices suggest that protection in the Netherlands and NEI was comparable to protection in the UK and India, respectively. The NEI quota system was largely geared to protecting Dutch exporters, and succeeded in doing so, but the reverse was not true.
Community‐basededucation programmes in the context of dental education: A scoping review
Authors: Elsheli Jamila , Patrick Alison , Stokes Christopher 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundCommunity education programmes are vital tools for teaching skills, such as understanding the larger cultural, economic and social determinants of health and how these factors impact people's health. It is currently unclear whether community education programmes in the field of dentistry deliver adequate value. This review aims to scope, collate and analyse globally published evidence concerning community education programmes in dentistry from inception, to gain an understanding of the intentions for these programmes and establish whether outcomes have shifted over time from the original intentions.MethodsArksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping reviews was employed to guide the reviewers. A systematic search of electronic databases and the reference lists in key papers was conducted.ResultsA systematic search concerning community education in dentistry identified a total of 140 papers for full‐text evaluations. After further exclusions, 115 articles were selected for data charting. There was a lack of clarity in the literature concerning programmes' definitions and strategies for achieving intentions. Origins, intentions and motivations of the programmes were identified. The literature largely focused on assessing students' clinical treatment skills, contradicting the programme's original idea and intentions. Only a few studies incorporated patient and community perspectives, and the majority of assessments were self‐reported, primarily by students.ConclusionsThere is broad interest in integrating community education into dental curricula to teach complex concepts, dental public health principles and to ensure professional skills development. We identified issues in the literature around programme definitions, strategies, measurement approaches and programme success requiring additional research.