bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia: no consensus, no diagnostic criteria, and no approved indication—How did we get here?
Authors: Evans William J. , Guralnik Jack , Cawthon Peggy , Appleby James , Landi Francesco , Clarke Lindsay , Vellas Bruno , Ferrucci Luigi , Roubenoff Ronenn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn addition to the role of skeletal muscle in movement and locomotion, muscle plays a critical role in a broad array of metabolic processes that can contribute to improved health or risk of disease. The age-associated loss of muscle has been termed sarcopenia. The muscle is the primary site of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and the largest component of basal metabolic rate, directly and indirectly affects bone density, produces myokines with pleiotropic effect on muscle and other tissues including the brain, and stores essential amino acids essential for the maintenance of protein synthesis during periods of reduced food intake and stress. As such, not surprisingly deterioration of skeletal muscle health, typically operationalized as decline of muscle mass and muscle strength is both a powerful risk factor and main consequence of chronic diseases, disability, and loss of independence, and it is one of the strongest risk factors for mortality. However, skeletal muscle remains one of the most plastic of all tissues, with rapid changes in rates of protein synthesis and degradation in response to physical activity and inactivity, inflammation, and nutritional and hormonal status. This has made the development of pharmacological therapies to increase muscle mass (or prevent loss), an important goal for decades. However, while remarkable advances in the understanding of molecular and cellular regulation of muscle protein metabolism have occurred recently, there are no approved drugs for the treatment of sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle affecting millions of older people. The goal of this paper is to describe the possible reasons for the lack of new and effective pharmacotherapies to treat one of the most important risk factors for age-associated disease and loss of independence.
Therapeutic Targeting of Krüppel-Like Factor 4 and Its Pharmacological Potential in Parkinson’s Disease: a Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zamanian Mohammad Yasin , Golmohammadi Maryam , Amin Rana Sherdil , Bustani Ghadeer Sabah , Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya , Zabibah Rahman S. , Oz Tuba , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Soltani Afsaneh , Kujawska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2023

AbstractKrüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a zinc finger transcription factor, is found in different human tissues and shows diverse regulatory activities in a cell-dependent manner. In the brain, KLF4 controls various neurophysiological and neuropathological processes, and its contribution to various neurological diseases has been widely reported. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that might have a connection with KLF4. In this review, we discussed the potential implication of KLF4 in fundamental molecular mechanisms of PD, including aberrant proteostasis, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and iron overload. The evidence collected herein sheds new light on KLF4-mediated pathways, which manipulation appears to be a promising therapeutic target for PD management. However, there is a gap in the knowledge on this topic, and extended research is required to understand the translational value of the KLF4-oriented therapeutical approach in PD.
Modulating p-type doping of two dimensional material palladium diselenide
Authors: Yang Jiali , Liu Yu , Wang En-Yang , Pang Jinbo , Huang Shirong , Gemming Thomas , Bi Jinshun , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Jia Hao , Hu Shu-Xian , Jiang Chongyun , Liu Hong , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Zhou Weijia , Rümmeli Mark H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe van der Waals heterostructures have evolved as novel materials for complementing the Si-based semiconductor technologies. Group-10 noble metal dichalcogenides (e.g., PtS2, PtSe2, PdS2, and PdSe2) have been listed into two-dimensional (2D) materials toolkit to assemble van der Waals heterostructures. Among them, PdSe2 demonstrates advantages of high stability in air, high mobility, and wide tunable bandgap. However, the regulation of p-type doping of PdSe2 remains unsolved problem prior to fabricating p–n junction as a fundamental platform of semiconductor physics. Besides, a quantitative method for the controllable doping of PdSe2 is yet to be reported. In this study, the doping level of PdSe2 was correlated with the concentration of Lewis acids, for example, SnCl4, used for soaking. Considering the transfer characteristics, the threshold voltage (the gate voltage corresponding to the minimum drain current) increased after SnCl4 soaking treatment. PdSe2 transistors were soaked in SnCl4 solutions with five different concentrations. The threshold voltages from the as-obtained transfer curves were extracted for linear fitting to the threshold voltage versus doping concentration correlation equation. This study provides in-depth insights into the controllable p-type doping of PdSe2. It may also push forward the research of the regulation of conductivity behaviors of 2D materials.
Decontamination of levofloxacin from water using a novel chitosan–walnut shells composite: linear, nonlinear, and optimization modeling
Authors: Mahmoud Alaa El Din , Fawzy Manal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChitosan–walnut shells (Ch–W) composite was tested for the removal of levofloxacin from water. Various experimental factors were examined at different contact time intervals. The prepared composite exhibited maximum uptake capacity of 7.43 mg g−1 for levofloxacin with 0.5 g L−1 Ch–W dose at 45 min and pH = 7. Linear and nonlinear isotherm/kinetic models have been investigated, and the pertinency of the models was confirmed by correlation coefficients (R2) and error functions. Consequently, the adsorption of levofloxacin could be more accurately described by the nonlinear pseudo-second-order and Langmuir as well as Temkin models (R2 ˃ 0.98). Optimization modeling of levofloxacin was performed using a central composite design. The independent parameters; initial concentration, pH, and Ch–W dose, were selected while levofloxacin removal was the response. The maximum levofloxacin removal was 75.7% and 94.2% at concentrations of 4 mg L−1 and 2 mg L−1, respectively. Furthermore, 3D surface plots with the interaction effects of the investigated factors are presented. The developed model was reliable for further study and prediction owing to the closeness between the experimental and predicted values. The individual and interacting factors were found to be significant except for “concentration x dose” based on the ANOVA. The models confirmed the experimental results with R2, R2adjusted, and R2predicted values ˃ 0.939. The continuity adsorption cycles were tested for reuse and revealed that the removal of levofloxacin was decreased ~ 23% after six cycles. Hence, the prepared composite has the potential to remove antibiotics from water.
Quinones from Cordia species from 1972 to 2023: isolation, structural diversity and pharmacological activities
Authors: Dongmo Zeukang Rostanie , Kalinski Jarmo-Charles , Tembeni Babalwa , Goosen Eleonora D. , Tembu Jacqueline , Tabopda Kuiate Turibio , Ngono Bikobo Dominique Serge , Tagatsing Fotsing Maurice , Atchadé Alex de Théodore , Siwe-Noundou Xavier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPlants of the genus Cordia (Boraginaceae family) are widely distributed in the tropical regions of America, Africa, and Asia. They are extensively used in folk medicine due to their rich medicinal properties. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the isolation, structure, biogenesis, and biological properties of quinones from Cordia species reported from 1972 to 2023. Meroterpenoids were identified as the major quinones in most Cordia species and are reported as a chemotaxonomic markers of the Cordia. In addition to this property, quinones are reported to display a wider and broader spectrum of activities, are efficient scaffold in biological activity, compared to other classes of compounds reported in Cordia, hence our focus on the study of quinones reported from Cordia species. About 70 types of quinones have been isolated, while others have been identified by phytochemical screening or gas chromatography. Although the biosynthesis of quinones from Cordia species is not yet fully understood, previous reports suggest that they may be derived from geranyl pyrophosphate and an aromatic precursor unit, followed by oxidative cyclization of the allylic methyl group. Studies have demonstrated that quinones from this genus exhibit antifungal, larvicidal, antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory, antibiofilm, antimycobacterial, antioxidant, antimalarial, neuroinhibitory, and hemolytic activities. In addition, they have been shown to exhibit remarkable cytotoxic effects against several cancer cell lines which is likely related to their ability to inhibit electron transport as well as oxidative phosphorylation, and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Their biological activities indicate potential utility in the development of new drugs, especially as active components in drug-carrier systems, against a broad spectrum of pathogens and ailments.
Graphical Abstract
Fedisp: an incremental subgradient-proximal-based ring-type architecture for decentralized federated learning
Authors: Huang Jianjun , Rui Zihao , Kang Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFederated learning (FL) represents a promising distributed machine learning paradigm for resolving data isolation due to data privacy concerns. Nevertheless, most vanilla FL algorithms, which depend on a server, encounter the problem of reliability and a high communication burden in real cases. Decentralized federated learning (DFL) that does not follow the star topology faces the challenges of weight divergence and inferior communication efficiency. In this paper, a novel DFL framework called federated incremental subgradient-proximal (FedISP) is proposed that utilizes the incremental method to perform model updates to alleviate weight divergence. In our setup, multiple clients are distributed in a ring topology and communicate in a cyclic manner, which significantly mitigates the communication load. A convergence guarantee is given under the convex condition to demonstrate the impact of the learning rate on our algorithms, which further improves the performance of FedISP. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in both independent and identically distributed (IID) and non-IID settings while illustrating the advantages of the FedISP algorithm in achieving model consensus and saving communication costs.
Role of omics approaches in vegetable breeding for insect pest resistance
Authors: Singh Jagmeet , Kumar Dharminder , Chauhan Shivani , Dhillon Harnoor Kaur , Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Vikas , Kapoor Renu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVegetables are usually herbaceous and succulent plants. This succulent nature of vegetable crops makes them susceptible to attack by a wide variety of pests. Traditionally insect resistance has not been as widely investigated as disease resistance due to relatively smaller economic losses caused by insects as compared to pathogens in earlier times. But owing to indiscriminate use of pesticides, population of natural enemies has declined which in turn has increased the frequency of insect epidemics. Outbreak of Tuta absoluta in tomato is a recent example. Intense selection of crops has reduced the genetic variability and has increased their genetic vulnerability to insects. Some pests like Meloidogyne spp., Helicoverpa and aphids are polyphagous and cannot be managed by chemical sprays. In such cases resorting to insect resistance is the best option for a breeder. But development of insect resistant variety takes considerable time and efforts. Recent advancements in omics approaches has accelerated the resistance breeding. Genetic markers permit effective indirect selection for insect resistant plants. They are effective tools for identifying genomic regions controlling pest resistance. Molecular markers permit transfer of precise DNA segments from disease resistant species to susceptible cultivars thus preventing the problem of linkage drag. This review highlights the achievements in recent years in vegetable resistance breeding via various omics-based approaches viz. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics.
French ingressives and (phasal) aspect: A frame-semantic corpus-based analysis
Authors: Verroens Filip , De Cuypere Ludovic 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article compares the usage of commencer à ‘to begin’+Vinf. and se mettre à ‘to start’ + Vinf. in modern French. Using a corpus sample of 2000 observations, we examined the effect of Adverbial complementation, of Event type (aspect), and of Tense. Based on a mixed-effects logistic regression analysis, we found evidence for Event type, where se mettre à is associated with activities, and Tense, where se mettre à seems to be associated with passé simple, futur proche and subjonctif present. On the other hand, commencer à is associated with plus-que-parfait and indicatif imparfait. We discuss the results in the frame-semantic model of Croft (2012). We make the case that commencer à can have the profile of an achievement or that of an accomplishment, while se mettre à manifests only one profile, that of an achievement. Our results support a one-component approach to aspect in which the result of the interaction between grammatical aspect and lexical aspect can be attributed to the same aspectual contour.
Capturing the transition from marine to land-terminating glacier from the 126-year retreat history of Nordenskiöldbreen, Svalbard
Authors: Kavan Jan , Luláková Petra , Małecki Jakub , Strzelecki Mateusz Czesław 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Svalbard has experienced a dramatic increase in air temperature and glacier retreat since the end of the Little Ice Age. In many cases, this retreat has resulted in glaciers transitioning from being marine-terminating to land-terminating. Nordenskiöldbreen is an excellent contemporary example of this transition. A set of historical observations of glacier front positions was used to assess Nordenskiöldbreen's retreat rate and we found that the southern portion of the glacier front retreated by ~3500 m, since records began in 1896. The general retreat rate corresponds well with the air temperature trend during most of the 20th century. However, the average retreat rate has slowed since the 1990s despite increasing air temperatures. We show that this discrepancy between air temperature and retreat rate marks the transition from marine-terminating towards a land-terminating glacier, as the glacier's bedrock topography started to play an essential role in the glacier margin geometry, ice flow and retreat dynamics.
Interference of tritrophic (grape × medfly × parasitoid) interactions by mineral and biomaterial films
Authors: Costa Daniela Ribeiro da , Leite Suzany Aguiar , Coelho Beatriz Sousa , Santos Mateus Pereira dos , Joachim-Bravo Iara Sordi , Montoya Pablo , Dias Vanessa Simões , Castellani Maria Aparecida 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFruit fly infestation is one of the main obstacles to the exportation of fresh agricultural produce. Films of mineral particles and biomaterials have the potential to protect fruits against tephritid fruit fly infestation. The present study evaluated the effects of particle films on the tritrophic interactions of grape (Vitis vinifera L.), the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) under semi-field conditions. Grapes were biometrically characterised (i.e. colour, firmness, mass, length and diameter), treated with mineral particles, biomaterials or distilled water (control), and then used in oviposition and parasitism bioassays. In the oviposition bioassay, the treated grapes were exposed to 50 C. capitata pairs in field cages, and after 48 h, the punctures and eggs on each fruit were counted. In the parasitism bioassay, treated grapes were artificially infested with third-instar C. capitata larvae (two per fruit), exposed (2 h) to 50 D. longicaudata pairs in field cages to determine parasitism index, larval and pupal viabilities and number of flies and parasitoids emerged. Treatment with the mineral film affected fruit colour and reduced C. capitata oviposition but failed to significantly affect the parasitism capacity of D. longicaudata. The ability of the parasitoid to locate and parasitise C. capitata larvae in kaolin-coated fruits suggests that kaolin films could be used in conjunction with biological agents to control fruit flies.
Isomorphisms of quadratic quasigroups
Authors: Drápal Aleš , Wanless Ian M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet $\mathbb F$ be a finite field of odd order and $a,b\in\mathbb F\setminus\{0,1\}$ be such that $\chi(a) = \chi(b)$ and $\chi(1-a)=\chi(1-b)$, where χ is the extended quadratic character on $\mathbb F$. Let $Q_{a,b}$ be the quasigroup over $\mathbb F$ defined by $(x,y)\mapsto x+a(y-x)$ if $\chi(y-x) \geqslant 0$, and $(x,y)
\mapsto x+b(y-x)$ if $\chi(y-x) = -1$. We show that $Q_{a,b} \cong Q_{c,d}$ if and only if $\{a,b\}
= \{\alpha(c),\alpha(d)\}$ for some $\alpha\in \operatorname{Aut}(\mathbb F)$. We also characterize $\operatorname{Aut}(Q_{a,b})$ and exhibit further properties, including establishing when $Q_{a,b}$ is a Steiner quasigroup or is commutative, entropic, left or right distributive, flexible or semisymmetric. In proving our results, we also characterize the minimal subquasigroups of $Q_{a,b}$.
Multivariate analysis of clinical and radiological risk factors for revision endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: can phenotype predict recurrence?
Authors: Eren Erdem , İşlek Akif , Bakiş Yaşar Batuhan , Altay Sedat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to analyse clinical and radiological features (phenotypes) to predict revision risk after functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.MethodPhenotype characteristics of the patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were analysed retrospectively.ResultsThe rates of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, smoking and a positive prick test result were significantly higher in revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery cases (p < 0.001, 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only gender, pre-operative nasal steroid use, pre-operative systemic steroid use, intra-operative systemic steroid use and smoking were significant risk factors for revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery (p = 0.034, 0.001, 0.010, 0.007 and 0.001, respectively). In addition, only eosinophilia and aspirin sensitivity were significant risk factors for multiple revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery procedures (p = 0.043 and 0.005, odds ratio = 2.4 and 5.2).ConclusionBeyond the endotype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, defining clinical and radiological factors enables a valid prediction of patients at high risk of revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
Is auditory processing measured by the N100 an endophenotype for psychosis? A family study and a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Baihan , Otten Leun J. , Schulze Katja , Afrah Hana , Varney Lauren , Cotic Marius , Saadullah Khani Noushin , Linden Jennifer F. , Kuchenbaecker Karoline , McQuillin Andrew , Hall Mei-Hua , Bramon Elvira 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe N100, an early auditory event-related potential, has been found to be altered in patients with psychosis. However, it is unclear if the N100 is a psychosis endophenotype that is also altered in the relatives of patients.MethodsWe conducted a family study using the auditory oddball paradigm to compare the N100 amplitude and latency across 243 patients with psychosis, 86 unaffected relatives, and 194 controls. We then conducted a systematic review and a random-effects meta-analysis pooling our results and 14 previously published family studies. We compared data from a total of 999 patients, 1192 relatives, and 1253 controls in order to investigate the evidence and degree of N100 differences.ResultsIn our family study, patients showed reduced N100 amplitudes and prolonged N100 latencies compared to controls, but no significant differences were found between unaffected relatives and controls. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction of the N100 amplitude and delay of the N100 latency in both patients with psychosis (standardized mean difference [s.m.d.] = −0.48 for N100 amplitude and s.m.d. = 0.43 for N100 latency) and their relatives (s.m.d. = − 0.19 for N100 amplitude and s.m.d. = 0.33 for N100 latency). However, only the N100 latency changes in relatives remained significant when excluding studies with affected relatives.ConclusionsN100 changes, especially prolonged N100 latencies, are present in both patients with psychosis and their relatives, making the N100 a promising endophenotype for psychosis. Such changes in the N100 may reflect changes in early auditory processing underlying the etiology of psychosis.
What a thousand children tell us about grammatical complexity and working memory: A cross-sectional analysis on the comprehension of clitics and passives in Italian
Authors: Moscati Vincenzo , Marini Andrea , Biondo Nicoletta 
Published: November 2023

AbstractData from 996 Italian-speaking children were collected and analyzed to assess whether a movement-based notion of grammatical complexity is adequate to capture the developmental trend of clitics and passives in Italian. A second goal of the study was to address the relationship between working memory and syntactic development, exploring the hypothesis that higher digit span values predict better comprehension of complex matrix sentences. The results confirm the validity of a ranking of grammatical structures based on constituent movement, with both clitics and passives developing in parallel and later than canonical SVO sentences. Working memory also shows an effect on sentence comprehension in general, but standard measures (digit span forward/backward) do not show a selective advantage in handling complex constructions such as clitics and passives.
Response of soybean, cotton, and tobacco to volatility of 2,4-D and dicamba formulations in humidome
Authors: Polli Estefania G. , Gannon Travis W. , LeCompte Mathieu , Rogers Ronald R. , Beran Daniel D. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dicamba and 2,4-D are postemergence herbicides widely used to control broadleaf weed species in crop and non-crop areas in the United States. Currently, multiple formulations of 2,4-D and dicamba are available on the market. Even though the active ingredient is the same, the chemical formulation may vary, which can influence the volatility potential of these herbicides. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the response of soybean, cotton, and tobacco plants exposed to vapors of 2,4-D and dicamba formulations alone or mixed in humidomes for 24 h. Humidome studies were conducted in an open pavilion at the Lake Wheeler Turfgrass Field Lab of the North Carolina State University in Raleigh, NC. Dicamba and mixture treatments injured and caused a reduction in the height of soybean. Injury varied from 55% to 70%, and average plant height was 8.8 cm shorter compared with untreated control plants. Treatments with 2,4-D caused the least injury to soybean (≤21%), and differences among formulations were identified (dimethylamine > choline > dimethylamine-monomethylamine). However, soybean height was not affected by 2,4-D treatments. No differences between treatments were observed when herbicides were applied to cotton. The greatest injury to tobacco (23.3%) was caused by dicamba dimethylamine. Overall, the effect of 2,4-D and dicamba vapor was species-specific and formulation-dependent. Additionally, environmental conditions in the humidomes may have played a major role on the outcome of this study.