bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of milling on the nutrients and anti‐nutrients in browntop millet (Urochloa ramosa) and its milled fractions: evaluation of their flour functionality
Authors: Sunagar Raghavakumari R. , Sreerama Yadahally N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBrowntop millet has gained popularity in recent years owing to its nutritional superiority and health benefits. However, the usage of browntop millet flours as ingredients in composite flours and functional foods is constrained due to a lack of information regarding the grain composition and its flour functionality. Therefore, the distribution of nutrients, anti‐nutrients in browntop millet milled fractions and their flour functionality was evaluated in comparison to whole grain flour.RESULTSBran fraction comprised the highest protein (13.7%) and fat contents (27%) among other fractions. Pearling of dehulled grains considerably reduced phytic acid, saponins and flatulence‐causing oligosaccharides in pearled grain flours. Besides, this led to the enrichment of soluble fibre, minerals, phenolics and trypsin inhibitors in bran fraction. Milling also impacted flour functionality. Despite its lower water holding ability, dehulled grain flour exhibited significantly higher oil absorption capacity than whole grain flour due to the removal of fibre‐rich hull fraction. Although emulsion (45.2%) and foaming capacities (12.5%) were superior in bran flour, foam stability was greater in pearled grain flours.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest the potential utilisation of browntop millet milled flours as ingredients in the development of distinct food formulations and as partial substitutes to wheat flour in confectionary and bakery products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Lessons learned from ORCID DE—A project‐driven initiative to promote author identification in Germany
Authors: Pampel Heinz , Schrader Antonia C. , Vierkant Paul , Dreyer Britta , Glagla‐Dietz Stephanie , Schirrwagen Jochen , Summann Friedrich 
Published: February 2024

Key points
The ORCID DE project, from 2016 to 2022, promoted ORCID in Germany through a project‐driven approach.
The project promoted the dissemination of ORCID in Germany. The number of IDs registered for Germany increased from approximately 44,000 in 2016 to 300,070 in 2023.
The linkage of ORCID with the bibliographic Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND; translated: Integrated Authority File) standard in German‐speaking countries has contributed to the success of ORCID in Germany.
The promotion of ORCID in Germany was based on six central areas: information, consortium, standardization, implementation, monitoring, and networking.
The ORCID DE Monitor captures and analyses the development of ORCID on a national and international level.
The ACTION principles highlight crucial measures in promoting a standard, such as ORCID. ACTION stands for Awareness, ConnectiviTy, IntegratiOn, and Networking.
Stimuli‐Responsive Lanthanide Activated Piezoelectric LiNbO3 Microcrystals for Multimode Luminescence and Optical Sensing Applications
Authors: Lin Nan , Wang Jiawen , Xiao Zhen , Tan Ruiming , Zhang Yang , Xu Shiqing , Bai Gongxun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultimode luminescence is usually stimulated by various external stimuli in response to photon emission and is applied in various anti‐counterfeiting and encryption fields. However, integrating multimode luminescence into a single stable material, and how to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between temperature light and force light remains a challenge. In this work, LiNbO3:Er3+/Pr3+ microcrystals that can respond to X‐ray, UV light, temperature, and stress stimuli are developed. The temperature‐dependent upconversion emission spectra show a maximum relative sensitivity of 0.889% K−1 based on the intensity ratio. Meanwhile, the mechanoluminescence around 618 nm with a linear relationship is observed with the increase of force. These materials illustrate strong static and dynamic luminescence that can be manipulated in space and time dimensions, which provides new ideas in the field of anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
Dynamically tuning and reconfiguring microwave bandpass filters using optical control of switching elements
Authors: Li Peizhao , Zahedi Ehsan , Shi Yu , Deng Yijing , Liu Lei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe report a novel approach for dynamically tuning and reconfiguring microwave bandpass filters (BPFs) based on optically controlled switching elements using photoconductivity modulation in semiconductors. For a prototype demonstration, a BPF circuit featuring a second‐order design using two closely coupled split‐ring resonators embedded with multiple silicon chips (as switching elements) was designed, fabricated, and characterized. The silicon chips were optically linked to fiber‐coupled laser diodes (808 nm light) for switching/modulation, enabling dynamic tuning and reconfiguring of the BPF without any complex biasing circuits. By turning on and off the two laser diodes simultaneously, the BPF response can be dynamically reconfigured between bandpass and broadband suppression. Moreover, the attenuation level of the passband can be continuously adjusted (from 0.7 to 22 dB at the center frequency of 3.03 GHz) by varying the light intensity from 0 to 40 W/cm2. The tuning/reconfiguring 3‐dB bandwidth is estimated to be ~200 kHz. In addition, the potential and limitations of the proposed approach using photoconductivity modulation are discussed. With the strong tuning/reconfiguring capability demonstrated and the great potential for high‐frequency operation, this approach holds promise for the development of more advanced tunable filters and other adaptive circuits for next‐generation sensing, imaging, and communication systems.
Discrete variable topology optimization for maximizing single/multiple natural frequencies and frequency gaps considering the topological constraint
Authors: Deng Zeyu , Liang Yuan , Cheng Gengdong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFinding optimized structural topology design for maximizing natural frequencies and frequency gaps of continuum structures is crucial for engineering applications. However, two significant numerical issues must be addressed: non‐smoothness caused by multiple frequencies and Artificial Localized Rigid Motion (ALRM) modes due to the violation of the topological constraint related to isolated islands and point‐connections. The above two issues are solved by employing the discrete variable topology optimization method based on Sequential Approximate Integer Programming (SAIP). First, the directional differentiability and multiple frequencies preservation constraints are formulated as the linear integer constraints. And then, the integer programming with these linear integer constraints is established and solved by the discrete variable linear or quadratic programming solver with multi‐constraint Canonical Relaxation Algorithm (CRA). We also prove that the popular Average Modal Frequencies (AMF) strategy, like the Kreisselmeier‐Steinhauser (KS) function, cannot rigorously tackle this non‐smoothness caused by multiple frequencies. Furthermore, to eliminate the ALRM modes and concentrate on the real structural global modes, the burning method is employed to impose the topological constraint of the first Betti number that represents the number of isolated islands and point‐connections. Numerical examples, including 2D and 3D, two‐fold and three‐fold multiple frequencies, natural frequencies and frequency gaps, are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A posteriori error analysis of a semi‐augmented finite element method for double‐diffusive natural convection in porous media
Authors: Álvarez Mario , Colmenares Eligio , Sequeira Filánder A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents our contribution to the a posteriori error analysis in 2D and 3D of a semi‐augmented mixed‐primal finite element method previously developed by us to numerically solve double‐diffusive natural convection problem in porous media. The model combines Brinkman‐Navier‐Stokes equations for velocity and pressure coupled to a vector advection‐diffusion equation, representing heat and concentration of a certain substance in a viscous fluid within a porous medium. Strain and pseudo‐stress tensors were introduced to establish scheme solvability and provide a priori error estimates using Raviart‐Thomas elements, piecewise polynomials and Lagrange finite elements. In this work, we derive two reliable residual‐based a posteriori error estimators. The first estimator leverages ellipticity properties, Helmholtz decomposition as well as Clément interpolant and Raviart‐Thomas operator properties for showing reliability; efficiency is guaranteed by inverse inequalities and localization strategies. An alternative estimator is also derived and analyzed for reliability without Helmholtz decomposition. Numerical tests are presented to confirm estimator properties and demonstrate adaptive scheme performance.
Comprehensive evaluation of energy absorption characteristics of Al‐CFRP hybrid tube under radial impacts
Authors: Ma Qihua , Nie Na , Zhang Shuhui , Gan Xuehui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper aimed to investigate the energy absorption characteristics and damage mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced plastics/aluminum (Al‐CFRP) under radial impact. In this study, the damage mode of the hybrid tube is analyzed by falling hammer impact experiments, and the correctness of the finite element model is verified by comparing the experimental and numerical simulation results. Then, the damage mechanism of the hybrid tube under impact loading and the effects of the increase of the fiber angle, the wall thickness of Aluminum, and the number of outer CFRP layers on the impact resistance were analyzed according to the model. The comprehensive performance model of the hybrid tube was established by using the complex scale comprehensive evaluation method, and the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the hybrid tube and determine its optimal performance under radial impact load. The results show that the Al‐CFRP hybrid tube's overall stiffness and deformation resistance under radial impact is improved with the increase of the fiber angle, the wall thickness of the Al tube, and the number of outer CFRP layers. Combined with the parametric analysis of the numerical simulation results, a comprehensive performance evaluation model based on the complex proportionality assessment method (COPRAS) was developed and a genetic algorithm (GA) under back propagation (BP) neural network prediction was used. The optimal hybrid tube form with the best overall performance under radial impact was obtained using GA with BP neural network prediction.Highlights
The energy absorption characteristics of hybrid tubes under radial impact are investigated
A comprehensive performance evaluation model of hybrid pipe based on the complex proportional assessment method (COPRAS) is developed
The failure process and energy absorption mechanism of the hybrid pipe under radial impact are analyzed
A genetic algorithm (GA) with backpropagation (BP) neural network prediction was used to obtain the hybrid pipe form with the best overall performance under radial impact
The effect of graphene oxide on thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy composites: Towards multifunctional composite material
Authors: Pramodkumar B. , Budhe Sandip 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe focus of this research work is to investigate the influence of graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The solvent mixing method with the new addition of a mixing stage is introduced for uniform distribution of graphene oxide in polymer. Different weight percentages of graphene oxide (1%, 1.5%, and 2%) were incorporated into the epoxy matrix, and the resulting composites were subjected to electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) testing. The findings revealed a positive influence on material properties with the percentage of GO. Especially, the electrical conductivity and ILSS values reached up to 7.05 S/m and 11.03 MPa, respectively, when 1.5% GO by weight of the resin was added. The improvement in ILSS reported by 40% compared to the neat CFRP, and this increment was attributed to enhanced bonding between the epoxy matrix and carbon fabric. Maximum thermal conductivity of 1.04 W/m°K obtained at 1% GO filler, which is 15% higher than neat epoxy composite. Overall, these results illustrate the potential of GO as a promising filler to improve the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of CFRP composites. Proper optimization of graphene content in a polymer is needed to achieve the best multifunctional composite materials.Highlights
The new solvent mixing method is introduced for uniform distribution of graphene oxide in polymer.
Maximum thermal and electrical conductivity obtained at different percentages of graphene content in composite.
Positive improvement is observed in mechanical, thermal, and electrical at a specific percentage of graphene in the composite.
Proper optimization of nanofiller content in composite is needed to assess for maximum performance.
Impact resistance performance and structural optimization of lightweight composite target plate
Authors: Zhou Yuesong , Zheng Changsheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe finite element model of a 7.62 mm armor‐piercing incendiary bomb penetrating lightweight composite target is established. The structure of the target plate is composed of boron carbide ceramic/carbon fiber laminate/aramid fiber laminate/damping material. The reasonable distribution position of damping material is explored by designing the material structure and geometric parameters. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the structure of the lightweight composite target plate, and the feasibility of the optimization results is verified through experiments. The results show that under the same surface density, the energy absorption value of the target plate with a certain thickness of back layer damping is 1.36% higher than that of the target plate without damping. And the damping material on the back layer can act as a buffer layer to reduce blunt trauma caused by bullets to the human body. The surface density of the optimized lightweight composite target plate is reduced by 21.6% under the same protection capability. This work provides a theoretical foundation for the impact resistance design and optimization of lightweight composite target plates.Highlights
Impact resistance performance of lightweight composite target plate is investigated.
The impacting analytical model of the structure is established.
The validity of the optimized impacting analytical model is verified by numerical simulation.
Activated carbon fibers from recycled acrylic and cotton for carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Kocak Sinem , Akduman Cigdem , Yanik Jale , Kumbasar E. Perrin Akcakoca , Cay Ahmet 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were produced from mechanically recycled acrylic (PAN) and cotton (CO) fibers and their blend (PAN/CO) in felt form as an adsorbent for carbon dioxide capture. For this purpose, stabilization, carbonization, and chemical activation processes were applied consecutively. The effects of recycled fiber type, carbonization temperature, and activation agent impregnation ratio were investigated. The resultant ACFs were characterized by elemental analysis, SEM, FTIR, XPS, and BET analyses, and carbon dioxide adsorption capacity was tested. It was observed that the fibrous structure of all samples was preserved at all stages, although the fiber diameters were reduced. The maximum quantity of adsorbed CO2 was found to be 3.79, 3.47, and 3.28 mmol CO2/g for recycled PAN, CO, and PAN/CO based samples, respectively, at 298 K at a relative pressure of 0.989. It was conducted that the carbon dioxide adsorption performance was affected by both the ACF surface area and the nitrogen content in the structure. It was concluded that recycled fiber‐based ACFs as CO2 adsorbents could be successfully produced with reasonable adsorption performance as a sustainable alternative.Highlights
Activated carbon fibers were produced from recycled acrylic and cotton fibers
Fibrous structure was preserved, but fiber diameters decreased
Reasonable carbon dioxide adsorption capacity was attained
Recycled fiber‐based ACFs could be a sustainable alternative to CO2 adsorbents
Methyl N,N‐dimethylanthranilate and ethyl propionate: repellents effective against spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Conroy Christina , Fountain Michelle T. , Whitfield E. Charles , Hall David R. , Farman Dudley , Bray Daniel P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an economically important pest of soft and stone fruit crops. The aim of this study was to identify repellents, formulated in dispensers, which could protect crops from D. suzukii. Fourteen potential repellents were screened against summer‐ and winter‐morph D. suzukii through electroantennography and behavioural bioassays. Repellents effective in the laboratory were tested in polytunnels to determine their efficacy in reducing catches in fruit‐baited traps. Further trials of three potential repellents were conducted to determine the distances over which repellent dispensers could reduce D. suzukii emergence in a strawberry crop.RESULTSAll 14 chemicals screened were detected by the antennae of both D. suzukii morphs. Hexyl acetate and geosmin both elicited a significantly greater corrected EAG response in summer morphs than winter morphs. Summer‐morph D. suzukii were repelled by butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, methyl N,N‐dimethyl anthranilate, geosmin, methyl salicylate, DEET and benzaldehyde at one or more doses test in laboratory bioassays. Winter morphs were repelled by ethyl propionate, methyl anthranilate, methyl N,N‐dimethyl anthranilate, DEET, benzaldehyde and butyl anthranilate at one or more of the doses tested in the laboratory. Ethyl propionate, methyl N,N‐dimethylanthranilate and benzaldehyde repelled both morphs from fruit‐baited traps in polytunnel trapping trials. Ethyl propionate and methyl N,N‐dimethylanthranilate reduced emergence of D. suzukii in a strawberry crop over 3–5 m.CONCLUSIONSEthyl propionate and methyl N,N‐dimethylanthranilate may protect strawberry crops against D. suzukii. Future work should test these repellents in combination with attractants in a ‘push‐pull’ strategy. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Exploring the role of the ovary‐serine protease gene in the female fertility of the diamondback moth using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Liao Jianying , Chen Jing , Munir Faisal , Pang Senbo , Abbas Anam Noreen , Yang Guang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDOogenesis is a complex pathway necessary for proper female reproduction in insects. Ovary‐serine protease (Osp) is a homologous gene of serine protease Nudel (SpNudel) and plays an essential role in the oogenesis and ovary development of Drosophila melanogaster. However, the function of Osp is not determined in Plutella xylostella, a highly destructive pest of cruciferous crops.RESULTSThe PxOsp gene comprises a 5883‐bp open‐reading frame that encodes a protein consisting of 1994 amino acids, which contain four conserved domains. PxOsp exhibited a high relative expression in adult females with a specific expression in the ovary. Through the utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, homozygous mutants of PxOsp were generated. These homozygous mutant females produced fewer eggs (average of 56 eggs/female) than wild‐type (WT) females (average of 97 eggs/female) when crossed with WT males, and these eggs failed to hatch. Conversely, mutant males produced normal progeny when crossed with WT females. The ovarioles in homozygous mutant females were significantly shorter (5.02 mm in length) and contained fewer eggs (average of 3 eggs/ovariole) than WT ovarioles (8.09 mm in length with an average of 8 eggs/ovariole). Moreover, eggs laid by homozygous mutant females were fragile, with irregular shapes, and were unable to maintain structural integrity due to eggshell ruptures. However, no significant differences were observed between WT and mutant individuals regarding developmental duration, pupal weight, and mating behavior.CONCLUSIONOur study suggesteds that PxOsp plays a vital role in female reproduction, particularly in ovary and egg development. Disrupting PxOsp results in recessive female sterility while leaving the male reproductive capability unaffected. This report represents the first study of a haplosufficient gene responsible for female fertility in lepidopteran insects. Additionally, these findings emphasize PxOsp as a potential target for genetically‐based pest management of P. xylostella. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Fully distributed adaptive asymptotical consensus tracking control of uncertain high‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems with event‐triggered communication
Authors: Wu Xiangkai , Liu Yuxiao , Long Jiang , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, the distributed adaptive asymptotical consensus tracking control is considered for a class of high‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems with matched unknown parameters under the event‐triggered communication mechanism. The controllers, adaptive laws and triggering conditions are presented under directed topology with a spanning tree, relieving communication burden among the connected agents since continuous monitoring of in‐neighbors is no longer needed. To handle the cross‐coupling term associated with asymmetric Laplacian matrix and unknown parameters of all agents when the candidate Lyapunov function is defined in terms of local consensus errors, adaptive immersion and invariance control technique is adopted. Adaptive estimators are also designed to estimate the constants related to global information, with which the proposed control scheme is fully distributed. It is shown that all closed‐loop system signals are globally uniformly bounded and all agents can track the reference signal asymptotically while ruling out Zeno behavior though a subset of the agents cannot have direct access to the reference signal information. A numerical example is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed control protocol.