bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NLRP12 Senses the SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Protein and Promotes an Inflammatory Response
Authors: Li Xingyu , Zhou Guangde , Sun Xingzi , Qu Siying , Lai Hongzhi , Wu Yongjian , Li Dechang , Liu Lei , Zhang Guoliang , Yang Jingwen , Huang Xi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disorder that is caused by SARS-CoV-2, in which excessive systemic inflammation is associated with adverse patient clinical outcomes. Here, we observed elevated expression levels of NLRP12 (nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat–containing receptor 12) in human peripheral monocytes and lung tissue during infection with SARS-CoV-2. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that NLRP12 directly interacted with the M protein through its leucine-rich repeat domain. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that NLRP12 interacted with TRAF3 and promoted its ubiquitination and degradation, which counteracted the inhibitory effect of TRAF3 on the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway and promoted the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, an in vivo study revealed that NLRP12 knockout mice displayed attenuated tissue injury and ameliorated inflammatory responses in the lungs when infected with a SARS-CoV-2 M protein–reconstituted pseudovirus and mouse coronavirus. Taken together, these findings suggest that NLRP12 mediates the inflammatory responses during coronavirus infection.
Inactivation ofSalmonellaTyphimurium andListeria monocytogeneson buckwheat seeds through combination treatment with plasma, vacuum packaging, and hot water
Authors: Park Ye-Jin , Kim Su-Yeon , Song Won-Jae 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of combination treatment with cold plasma (CP), vacuum packaging (VP), and hot water (HW) on the inactivation of foodborne pathogens on buckwheat seeds, and determined the germination rates of seeds and the quality of sprouts following combination treatment.Methods and ResultsBuckwheat seeds inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes were treated with CP, HW, CP + HW, VP + HW, or CP + VP + HW. The germination rates of the HW-, CP + HW-, VP + HW-, and CP + VP + HW-treated seeds and the antioxidant activities and rutin contents of the CP + HW- and CP + VP + HW-treated sprouts were determined. HW, CP + HW, and CP + VP + HW were found to reduce the levels of the two pathogens to below the detection limit (1.0 log CFU g−1) at 70°C. However, HW and CP + HW significantly reduced the germination rate of buckwheat seeds. CP + VP + HW did not affect the germination rate of seeds nor the antioxidant activities and rutin content of buckwheat sprouts.ConclusionsThese results indicate that CP + VP + HW can be used as a novel control method to reduce foodborne pathogens in seeds without causing quality deterioration.
Assessment of a 50:50 mixture of two Bacillus subtilis strains as growth promoters for finishing pigs: productivity improvement and noxious gas reduction
Authors: Song Junho , Jeong Sook-Jung , Lim Chai Bin , Kang Bongseok , Oh Sang Sik , Yun Gilly , Kim In Ho , Cho Yangrae 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to assess the potential of a 50:50 mixture of two Bacillus subtilis strains in improving the productivity and health of finishing pigs and reducing noxious gases in their feces. These strains were found to abundantly secrete surfactin which has been shown to alleviate the effects of lipopolysaccharides in vitro. For the 10-wk experiment, 200 finishing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an average body weight of 54.15 ± 1.70 kg were divided into four groups. Each group was fed with a basal diet supplemented with an equal amount of spores from the two B. subtilis strains at different levels: control group, no addition; treatment group 1, 0.5 × 109; treatment group 2, 1.0 × 109; treatment group 3, 1.5 × 109 cfu·kg−1 addition. During the 10-wk feeding period, dietary supplementation of 0.5 × 109, 1.0 × 109, and 1.5 × 109 cfu·kg−1 of the spore cells from these two strains resulted in a 0.9%, 1.9%, and 2.5% increase in body weight, respectively (linear P &lt; 0.095). During the final 5 wk, the average daily gain (ADG) in weight was increased by the strains at amounts of 0.5 × 109, 1.0 × 109, and 1.5 × 109 cfu·kg−1 with a clear dosage effect (linear P &lt; 0.05). However, neither the gain-to-feed ratio, the average daily feed intake, nor nutrient digestibility was affected by the supplementation. In blood, the endotoxin lipopolysaccharides, and two liver toxicity indicator enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were decreased (P &lt; 0.05) in the 1.0 × 109 cfu·kg−1 spores-feeding group. Furthermore, four noxious gases were reduced by 8 to 20% in feces excreted by pigs fed with 1.5 × 109 cfu·kg−1 spores with a linear dosage effect (linear P &lt; 0.001 to 0.05) during the final 5 wk. Our findings suggest that the mixture of B. subtilis strains may enhance the productivity of finishing pigs by reducing the risk of mild endotoxemia, rather than increasing digestibility or daily feed intake. Therefore, these Bacillus strains have the potential to act as growth promoters for pigs, leading to improved animal health and productivity. These results have significant implications for pig farmers seeking to optimize the health and growth of their animals.
Effects of early weaning on productive and reproductive performance of Nelore heifers
Authors: Nishimura Thiago Kan , Goulart Rodrigo Silva , Ramírez-Zamudio Germán Darío , da Silva Amanda Guimarães , de Paula Carlis Matheus Sousa , Abitante Gabriela , Silva Saulo Luz , Dahlen Carl Robertson , Saran Netto Arlindo , Leme Paulo Roberto , Pugliesi Guilherme 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of early weaning on the productive and reproductive characteristics of Nelore heifer progeny. Ninety-five calves from primiparous (PRI) and multiparous (MUL) dams were assigned to one of two weaning strategies; 1) early weaning at 150 d (149 ± 1.97) of age (EW; n = 16 from PRI and 31 from MUL); or 2) conventional weaning at 240 d (247 ± 2.41) of age (CW; 16 from PRI and 32 from MUL). All heifers received ~5 g/kg of body weight (BW) of creep-feed as fed from 90 d of age until weaning. After weaning, each group of heifers was transferred to a Brachiaria spp. paddock and received 5 g/kg of BW of a protein-energy supplement until 12 mo of age. Then, heifers were confined and fed a diet with a ratio of 79:31 (corn silage: concentrate) for 4 mo, during which they were submitted to a hormonal protocol to induce puberty and timed artificial insemination (TAI). Reproductive tract score (RTS, 1 to 5 scale: 1 being infantile and 5 being cyclic) and endometrial thickness were determined at 12 mo of age, rump fat thickness (RFT), and BW every 28 ± 4 d through the breeding season, and plasma concentrations of IGF-I were evaluated at 12, 14, and 16 mo. At 15.6 mo of age heifers were submitted to a P4/E2 protocol for TAI at day 0 (D0), and a second TAI was performed at D22 in nonpregnant heifers. Ultrasound was used to determine the presence of corpus luteum on D10 and dominant follicle (DF) diameter and blood perfusion on D2 and D0. Data were analyzed using SAS by ANOVA or logistic regression. Though heifers from EW were lighter (P &lt; 0.05) than CW at postweaning time points and CW presented a greater (P = 0.002) RFT than EW heifers from 11 to 15 mo, weaning strategy did not affect (P &gt; 0.1) body condition score at TAI. Concentrations of IGF-I did not differ (P &gt; 0.1) between heifers weaned at 150 and 240 d. The proportion of pubertal heifers, endometrium tone and thickness, and RTS at 16 mo did not differ (P &gt; 0.1) between EW and CW groups. The diameter of DF on D2 and D0 and follicular blood perfusion on D0 were greater (P &lt; 0.05) for heifers in the CW group than EW group, but P/AI at first and second TAI did not differ (P &gt; 0.1) between groups. In conclusion, early weaning in Nelore heifers moderately reduces postweaning growth but does not affect puberty and reproductive performance before the breeding season when submitted to confinement.
Effects of mixtures of arrestants, dislodgers, and phagostimulants with synthetic insecticides on green-belly stink bug: walking behavior assessments, physicochemical interactions, and laboratory and field trials
Authors: Morais Maíra Chagas , Rakes Matheus , Balzan Fabricio , Grützmacher Anderson Dionei , Bernardi Daniel , Ribeiro Leandro do Prado 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The green-belly stink bug (Diceraeus melacanthus Dallas (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)) is a key pest of corn-soybean crop systems and the management of this pest is difficult due to behavioral characteristics. However, products that alter its behavior, such as arrestants, dislodgers, and phagostimulants, have been used in an attempt to improve the effectiveness of chemical control. In this study, the effect of these products on the walking behavior of nymphs and adults of D. melacanthus was initially evaluated through computational behavioral tracking (Ethovision system). Adults of D. melacanthus exposed to the dislodgers Creolin Pearson and Quimifol S450 (sulfur) significantly increased the distance covered and the walking speed. On the other hand, the only treatment that significantly affected the walking behavior of nymphs was the treatment with soy milk (phagostimulant). The physical–chemical analyses indicated considerable changes in the pH and electrical conductivity of mixtures of such products with insecticides from different chemical groups, as well as lack of homogeneity (physical incompatibility). Nevertheless, none of the products tested improved the control efficacy of an insecticide based on imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, either in laboratory tests (contact bioassay) or in tests conducted in corn crops during 2 crop harvests. Thus, the association of these products in a tank mixture does not increase the control levels of D. melacanthus in post-emergence of maize and may have an antagonistic effect in some associations.
Climate change and oil and gas production regulation: an impossible reconciliation?
Authors: Shapovalova Daria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fossil fuel combustion is undeniably the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. In order to meet the Paris Agreement target of keeping global warming below 2°C, globally, a third of oil and half of gas reserves should remain unused from 2010 to 2050. In 2021, the International Energy Agency estimated that in the net-zero emissions scenario there is no need for fossil fuel exploration, new oil and natural gas fields beyond those already been approved for development, or new coal mines or mine extensions. While greenhouse gas emissions from the actual exploration and production activities (upstream emissions) are increasingly regulated, the emissions from the final combustion of the produces oil and gas are not taken into account when new projects are approved. This paper argues that there is a significant lack of integration between climate and energy regulation which, if not corrected, may result in challenges to achieve the global climate targets. It analyses the mechanisms for better inclusion of climate considerations at the oil and gas development approval stage. It starts with a review of international initiatives examining the lack of engagement with the climate regime and fossil fuel production. It further analyses the oil and gas development approval regime in the UK with a view to highlighting the lack of integration of climate concerns in the licensing and environmental assessment processes.
Dynamics of hemoglobins during nodule development, nitrate response, and dark stress in Lotus japonicus
Authors: Minguillón Samuel , Román Ángela , Pérez-Rontomé Carmen , Wang Longlong , Xu Ping , Murray Jeremy D , Duanmu Deqiang , Rubio Maria C , Becana Manuel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Legume nodules express multiple leghemoglobins (Lbs) and non-symbiotic hemoglobins (Glbs), but how they are regulated is unclear. Here, we study the regulation of all Lbs and Glbs of Lotus japonicus in different physiologically relevant conditions and mutant backgrounds. We quantified hemoglobin expression, localized reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in nodules, and deployed mutants deficient in Lbs and in the transcription factors NLP4 (associated with nitrate sensitivity) and NAC094 (associated with senescence). Expression of Lbs and class 2 Glbs was suppressed by nitrate, whereas expression of class 1 and 3 Glbs was positively correlated with external nitrate concentrations. Nitrate-responsive elements were found in the promoters of several hemoglobin genes. Mutant nodules without Lbs showed accumulation of ROS and NO and alterations of antioxidants and senescence markers. NO accumulation occurred by a nitrate-independent pathway, probably due to the virtual disappearance of Glb1-1 and the deficiency of Lbs. We conclude that hemoglobins are regulated in a gene-specific manner during nodule development and in response to nitrate and dark stress. Mutant analyses reveal that nodules lacking Lbs experience nitro-oxidative stress and that there is compensation of expression between Lb1 and Lb2. They also show modulation of hemoglobin expression by NLP4 and NAC094.
New insights into plant autophagy: molecular mechanisms and roles in development and stress responses
Authors: Yagyu Mako , Yoshimoto Kohki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic intracellular degradation process. Although the molecular mechanisms of plant autophagy share similarities with those in yeast and mammals, certain unique mechanisms have been identified. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of autophagy during vegetative growth stages as well as in plant-specific developmental processes, such as seed development, germination, flowering, and somatic reprogramming. Autophagy enables plants to adapt to and manage severe environmental conditions, such as nutrient starvation, high-intensity light stress, and heat stress, leading to intracellular remodeling and physiological changes in response to stress. In the past, plant autophagy research lagged behind similar studies in yeast and mammals; however, recent advances have greatly expanded our understanding of plant-specific autophagy mechanisms and functions. This review summarizes current knowledge and latest research findings on the mechanisms and roles of plant autophagy with the objective of improving our understanding of this vital process in plants.
The PEPSI Exoplanet Transit Survey (PETS) – IV. Assessing the atmospheric chemistry of KELT-20b
Authors: Petz Sydney , Johnson Marshall C , Asnodkar Anusha Pai , Wang Ji , Gaudi B Scott , Henning Thomas , Keles Engin , Molaverdikhani Karan , Poppenhaeger Katja , Scandariato Gaetano , Shkolnik Evgenya K , Sicilia Daniela , Strassmeier Klaus G , Yan Fei 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Most ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) show evidence of temperature inversions, in which temperature increases with altitude over a range of pressures. Temperature inversions can occur when there is a species that absorbs the stellar irradiation at a relatively high level of the atmospheres. However, the species responsible for this absorption remains unidentified. In particular, the UHJ KELT-20b is known to have a temperature inversion. Using high resolution emission spectroscopy from LBT/PEPSI we investigate the atomic and molecular opacity sources that may cause the inversion in KELT-20b, as well as explore its atmospheric chemistry. We confirm the presence of Fe i with a significance of 17σ. We also report a tentative 4.3σ detection of Ni i. A nominally 4.5σ detection of Mg i emission in the PEPSI blue arm is likely in fact due to aliasing between the Mg i cross-correlation template and the Fe i lines present in the spectrum. We cannot reproduce a recent detection of Cr i, while we do not have the wavelength coverage to robustly test past detections of Fe ii and Si i. Together with non-detections of molecular species like TiO, this suggests that Fe i is likely to be the dominant optical opacity source in the dayside atmosphere of KELT-20b and may be responsible for the temperature inversion. We explore ways to reconcile the differences between our results and those in literature and point to future paths to understand atmospheric variability.
Gertsenshtein–Zel’dovich effect: a plausible explanation for fast radio bursts?
Authors: Kushwaha Ashu , Malik Sunil , Shankaranarayanan S 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a novel model that may provide an interpretation for a class of non-repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) – short ($\lt 1~\rm {s}$), bright ($0.1 - 1000~\rm {Jy}$) bursts of MHz–GHz frequency radio waves. The model has three ingredients – compact object, a progenitor with effective magnetic field strength around 1010 Gauss, and high-frequency (MHz–GHz) gravitational waves (GWs). At resonance, the energy conversion from GWs to electromagnetic waves occurs when GWs pass through the magnetosphere of such compact objects due to the Gertsenshtein–Zel’dovich effect. This conversion produces bursts of electromagnetic waves in the MHz–GHz range, leading to FRBs. Our model has three key features: (i) predict peak flux, (ii) can naturally explain the pulse width, and (iii) coherent nature of FRB. We thus conclude that the neutron star/magnetar could be the progenitor of FRBs. Further, our model offers a novel perspective on the indirection detection of GWs at high-frequency beyond detection capabilities. Thus, transient events like FRBs are a rich source for the current era of multi-messenger astronomy.
Characterization and decontamination of background noise in droplet-based single-cell protein expression data with DecontPro
Authors: Yin Yuan , Yajima Masanao , Campbell Joshua D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Assays such as CITE-seq can measure the abundance of cell surface proteins on individual cells using antibody derived tags (ADTs). However, many ADTs have high levels of background noise that can obfuscate down-stream analyses. In an exploratory analysis of PBMC datasets, we find that some droplets that were originally called ‘empty’ due to low levels of RNA contained high levels of ADTs and likely corresponded to neutrophils. We identified a novel type of artifact in the empty droplets called a ‘spongelet’ which has medium levels of ADT expression and is distinct from ambient noise. ADT expression levels in the spongelets correlate to ADT expression levels in the background peak of true cells in several datasets suggesting that they can contribute to background noise along with ambient ADTs. We then developed DecontPro, a novel Bayesian hierarchical model that can decontaminate ADT data by estimating and removing contamination from these sources. DecontPro outperforms other decontamination tools in removing aberrantly expressed ADTs while retaining native ADTs and in improving clustering specificity. Overall, these results suggest that identification of empty drops should be performed separately for RNA and ADT data and that DecontPro can be incorporated into CITE-seq workflows to improve the quality of downstream analyses.
More specific feedback: why “confidence” in feedback is too ambiguous
Authors: Uetz Maxwell , Ananthakrishnan Sonia , Tulsky Asher , Demers Lindsay B , Noronha Craig 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
High quality feedback should be delivered in a timely manner, based on specific direct observation, and formulated to be actionable on the part of the trainee. Utilizing “confidence” as a point of feedback does not meet these criteria given the ambiguity and lack of actionable steps towards improvement. “Confidence”-based feedback makes a judgment about the trainee’s internal state leading to potentially gender or culturally biased feedback. There is a risk of emotional harm for trainees when it is integrated into feedback and it is unclear if there is a role for the use of “confidence” in medical education. We are calling for a moratorium on the utilization of the word “confidence” in feedback in medical education until further studies are performed to assess its potential place. At this time, educators should refrain from “confidence”-based feedback and shift the focus towards more specific, actionable, behavioral-based feedback.
Healthcare apprenticeships: assessing the potential benefits to an acute care provider NHS organization
Authors: Ball Alfred , Brecknell John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The introduction of healthcare-based apprenticeships to become both a physician associate and a doctor has been approved for delivery in England. This will revolutionize medical training and it is hoped that medical training would be more accessible. This has generated a mixture of reactions, some enthusiastic and others concerned.
This paper gauges interest among staff at Barking, Havering, and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust in pursuing training as a doctor and/or physician associate through the apprenticeship route. Applicants were interviewed to discover their motivations for interest, and the potential benefit to the Trust of these new opportunities was also assessed.
This revealed that applicants were primarily driven through intrinsic motivations, such as a lifelong dream to be a doctor and a desire to fulfil a patient-facing role. Many expressed financial and social situations were a barrier to prior application, making the apprenticeship role more attractive.
Healthcare professionals should accurately represent the population that they serve, which is currently not the case. The prospective applicants, with diverse backgrounds and existing healthcare experience, can help to improve patient care through their diverse perspective and understanding of multidisciplinary team working.
This article highlights the potential of medical-based apprenticeships to help address longstanding challenges in medical education and workforce diversity. Furthermore, there could be significant financial and practical benefits to the trust of upskilling enthusiastic staff. However, there is currently a lack of clarity regarding selection processes and entry criteria, which must be addressed.
Basics of the 12-lead ECG
Authors: Day Mercedes , Bruce Kellie , Moore Amy Karen , Mello Inola , Hilliard Tara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
A 12-lead ECG is a noninvasive diagnostic tool that detects and records cardiac electrical activity and can identify cardiac pathology. This article discusses select ECG abnormalities including myocardial infarction, bundle-branch blocks, and heart blocks. This is part 2 of a two-part series. Part 1 was published in the November 2023 issue of Nursing2023.
County-Level Maternal Vulnerability and Preterm Birth in the US
Authors: Salazar Elizabeth G. , Montoya-Williams Diana , Passarella Molly , McGann Carolyn , Paul Kathryn , Murosko Daria , Peña Michelle-Marie , Ortiz Robin , Burris Heather H. , Lorch Scott A. , Handley Sara C. 
Published: November 2023

(Abstracted from JAMA Network Open 2023;6(5):e2315306)
In the United States, approximately 1 in 10 births are considered preterm, or born at <37 weeks of gestation. Historically, studies on preterm birth (PTB) have focused on maternal characteristics. However, an appreciation for the impact of community factors, such as poverty, air pollution, and other measures of neighborhood quality, on PTB is growing.