bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining the interplay of value creation and value appropriation in strategic alliances: A developmental perspective
Authors: Ferrigno Giulio , Martin Xavier , Battista Dagnino Giovanni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHow firms respectively create and appropriate value by means of alliances are questions that management scholars have considered for several decades. Scholars have identified various factors underlying how alliances create value and how partner firms appropriate such value, respectively. Fewer studies have dealt with how both issues relate, and fewer yet have examined the interplay between value creation and value appropriation as an alliance develops. The purpose of this paper is to organize the extant literature through a theoretically coherent developmental framework that informs research on value creation and value appropriation as distinct but inter‐related phenomena. A systematic review of 234 articles reveals factors associated with value creation, factors driving value appropriation, and, especially, interplay factors that explain potential cycles of value creation and value appropriation within an alliance. We also identify some important themes and theoretical directions for future research. This study thus contributes to alliance research by (1) developing a structured framework that explains not only the respective drivers of value creation and value appropriation, but also how they interplay in alliances; (2) explicating theoretically the specific factors that explain the interplay of value creation and value appropriation in cycles of alliance adaptation; and (3) developing recommendations for the further development of theory, especially for these interplay effects.
The Turkish version of Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children: Translation, reliability, and validity
Authors: Surme Koray , Akman Hayri 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCaries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES‐QC) has been developed to assess the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) associated with caries.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the CARIES‐QC in the Turkish‐speaking population following its translation and adaptation into Turkish (CARIES‐QC/T).DesignTwo hundred and fifty children between the ages of 5 and 16 years who have active dental caries were included in the study and answered the Turkish‐translated and cross‐culturally adapted final version of CARIES‐QC/T. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were used to examine the reliability of the CARIES‐QC/T. Factor structure of CARIES‐QC/T was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and convergent validity was determined.ResultsCronbach's alpha and McDonald's ômega values were 0.907 and 0.908, respectively. For the CARIES‐QC/T scale, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value was 0.933, and polychoric correlations ranged from 0.390 to 0.794. The convergent validity of the items revealed a statistically significant correlation with the global question (rs = 0.821, p < .001). The EFA results of CARIES‐QC/T suggested a one‐factor solution and explained 59.7% of the total variance.ConclusionThe findings provided supporting evidence that the CARIES‐QC/T could be used as a tool for measuring OHRQoL in healthy Turkish‐speaking children aged 5–16 years with active caries.
Long Term Effects of Social Deprivation during Early Adulthood in the Mongolian Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
Authors: Ägren Greta , Meyerson Bengt J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe influence of isolation on ♂‐♀♀ relationships was investigated. Animals isolated between 90 and 200 days of age showed more agonistic behaviour in paired encounters than controls. This difference disappeared when the animals had been housed with a cagemate. A secondary isolation late in life resulted in a more rapid onset of agonistic behaviour in the early isolates than in the controls. Thus it is concluded that the early isolation had a lasting influence, which only became evident after renewed isolation treatment.
EFFECTS OF PROSTAGLANDINS E2 AND I2 ON HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION IN THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF INHIBITORS OF PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS
Authors: GORDON D. , HENDERSON D.C. , WESTWICK J. 
Published: October 2023

The reactivity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to phytohaemagglutinin ([3H]‐thymidine incorporation) was enhanced in indomethacin‐ and eicosatetraynoic acid‐treated cells compared with untreated cells, from normal volunteers. This suggests that endogenously synthesized prostaglandins have an inhibitory effect during cell preparation and/or culture.
Prostaglandin E2 inhibited [3H]‐thymidine incorporation induced by suboptimal phytohaemagglutinin concentrations and had a more potent effect on indomethacin‐treated cells than on untreated cells.
Prostaglandin I2 also exhibited an inhibitory effect and, under defined conditions, was more potent than prostaglandin E2 or than prostacyclin which had been allowed to decay at pH 7.4 and 37°C.
These results indicate that, in attempting to define altered lymphocyte reactivity in disease states, the involvement of prostaglandins should be considered both during cell preparation and culture.
INFLUENCE OF FASTING AND CIMETIDINE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ULCEROGENIC AND ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF INDOMETHACIN
Authors: DEL SOLDATO P. , MELI A. , VOLTERRA G. 
Published: October 2023

Further studies have been carried out on the relationship between ulcerogenic and anti‐inflammatory properties of indomethacin in the rat.
Fasting, which increases gastric and reduces intestinal lesions, enhances the anti‐oedema properties of indomethacin.
The presence of intestinal lesions, greatly increases the anti‐oedema properties of indomethacin through a mechanism(s) unrelated to the specific pharmacological properties of this drug.
Studies with cimetidine, have shown that the enhancement of anti‐oedema effects produced by fasting are due to specific pharmacological properties of indomethacin rather than to non specific effects related to the presence of gastric ulcers.
The greater anti‐inflammatory effects of indomethacin in fasted as compared to fed animals must be attributed to the greater amount of indomethacin available for tissue distribution rather than other mechanisms associated with free fatty acid mobilization.
In view of its ineffectiveness in preventing intestinal lesions, the use of cimetidine for prevention or reduction of indomethacin‐induced gastrointestinal disturbances in humans is contraindicated.
METHYL XANTHINES, ADENOSINE 3′,5′‐CYCLIC MONOPHOSPHATE AND THE SPINAL TRANSMISSION OF NOCICEPTIVE INFORMATION
Authors: DUGGAN A.W. , GRIERSMITH B.T. 
Published: October 2023

In spinal cats anaesthetized with either α‐chloralose or sodium pentobarbitone, a study was made of the effects of adenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP), mono‐ and di‐butyryl cyclic AMP and the methyl xanthines, theophylline and isobutyl methyl xanthine (IBMX), on the responses of neurones of laminae I, IV and V to noxious and innocuous skin stimuli. The compounds were administered from micropipettes positioned in the substantia gelatinosa. IBMX was also given intravenously.
When administered in the substantia gelatinosa, neither cyclic AMP, its butyryl derivatives, nor the methyl xanthines had any effect on the excitation of neurones of spinal laminae IV and V by noxious heating of the skin or deflection of hairs. When the nociceptive responses of cells had been reduced by electrophoretic morphine, methyl xanthines and cyclic AMP failed to modify the effects of morphine on these deeper neurones. Electrophoretically administered naloxone reversed the effect of morphine.
Intravenously administered IBMX (1 to 2 mg/kg) produced large transient increases in the firing rate of both C fibres and the excitation of dorsal horn neurones by noxious heating of the skin. These increases coincided with decreases in the mean systemic blood pressure, and probably resulted from increased temperatures being attained in the dermis by each noxious stimulus. When dorsal horn neurones were activated by electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve by a stimulus adequate to excite C fibres, intravenous IBMX produced a small or no increase in the number of spikes per stimulus.
These results in the spinal cord do not support the hypothesis that the inhibition of synthesis of cyclic AMP is relevant to the analgesic action of morphine in mammals.
DEVELOPMENT OF TOLERANCE TO THE PROLONGATION OF HEXOBARBITONE SLEEPING TIME CAUSED BY CANNABIDIOL
Authors: BORYS HENRY K. , INGALL GLYNNIS B. , KARLER RALPH 
Published: October 2023

The effects of acute and subacute cannabidiol (CBD) administration on hexobarbitone sleeping time and on some constituents of the hepatic microsomal drug‐metabolizing system were assessed in the mouse.
Acutely administered CBD prolonged sleeping time; but with subacute treatment, tolerance to the effect rapidly developed.
Brain hexobarbitone concentration upon awakening was unchanged by either acute or subacute CBD treatment, which suggests that neither the prolongation of sleeping time nor the tolerance is the result of a change in sensitivity of the central nervous system to the barbiturate.
Acute CBD treatment increased the half‐time of hexobarbitone in the brain, which returned toward normal with the development of tolerance.
Acutely, CBD caused a 30% decrease in hepatic cytochrome P‐450 level; with tolerance, the cytochrome concentration returned to normal.
The evidence suggests that the CBD‐induced prolongation of barbiturate sleeping time and the tolerance to this effect are the result of changes in the rate of drug metabolism, which are related to changes in the amount of cytochrome P‐450.
The effects of CBD on the hepatic microsomal drug‐metabolizing enzyme system are different from those attributed to SKF 525‐A and piperonyl butoxide because the cannabinoid does not decrease cytochrome P‐450 quantitatively by complex formation, it does not produce a recovery overshoot in the cytochrome concentration and, finally, it does not cause an induction of the hexobarbitone‐metabolizing enzymes.
PRODUCTION OF CATALEPSY AND DEPLETION OF BRAIN MONOAMINES BY A BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVE
Authors: FUENMAYOR LUIS D. , VOGT MARTHE 
Published: October 2023

The cataleptic and monoamine‐depleting effects of a butyrophenone derivative (4′‐fluoro‐4‐[[4‐(p‐fluorophenyl)‐3‐cyclohexen‐l‐yl]‐amino]‐butyrophenone hydrochloride, U‐32, 802A) were studied in rats and mice and compared with those of tetrabenazine.
Catalepsy was evaluated by means of a modified grid test which allowed the repetition of the test in the same animal several times without affecting the results. Both drugs produced a dose‐related cataleptic state of similar time course.
Like tetrabenazine, U‐32, 802A induced a large reduction in the content of 5‐hydroxytryptamine, dopamine and noradrenaline in different parts of the brain, with a concomitant elevation in the metabolites 5‐hydroxyindol‐3‐yl acetic acid and homovanillic acid. The time courses of the catalepsy and the reduction in brain monoamines were very similar.
The activity of U‐32, 802A suggested that the drug, although chemically a butyrophenone, might act primarily at the presynaptic organelle for storage of monoamines in a way similar to tetrabenazine.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF EXTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IN THE CONTROL OF ACID SECRETION IN THE ISOLATED WHOLE STOMACH OF THE RAT
Authors: BUNCE K.T. , HONEY A.C. , PARSONS M.E. 
Published: October 2023

An isolated stomach preparation from immature rats has been used to study the role of extracellular calcium in the control of gastric acid secretion. Calcium was removed from both the serosal and mucosal solutions either in the absence of a chelating agent or in the presence of EGTA.
Removal of calcium in the absence of EGTA had no significant effect on basal acid secretion or the acid responses to gastrin and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate (db cyclic AMP). Under the same conditions there was a marked potentiation of the acid response to histamine, and a reduction of the acid response to acetylcholine which was readily reversed on restoring calcium to the bathing solutions.
Removal of calcium in the presence of EGTA caused an inhibition of basal acid secretion and of the acid responses to histamine and db cyclic AMP. In each case this reduction in acid output was readily reversed on bathing the stomachs in normal calcium‐containing (2.5 mm Ca2+) EGTA‐free solutions.
The inhibition of the acid response to histamine produced by Ca2+ ‐free solutions which contained EGTA was not reversed on bathing the stomachs in solutions that contained both EGTA (0.1 mm) and an excess of calcium (2.5 mm).
The removal of extracellular calcium in the absence of EGTA provided evidence that the secretion of H+ ions is dependent under some conditions on calcium ions. The possibility cannot be excluded that EGTA itself exerts an inhibitory influence on the process of acid secretion.
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF MEXILETINE (Kö1173) ON CANINE PURKINJE FIBRES AND VENTRICULAR MUSCLE
Authors: ARITA MAKOTO , GOTO MASAYOSI , NAGAMOTO YASUO , SAIKAWA TETSUNORI 
Published: October 2023

The effects of mexiletine (Kö1173) were investigated in canine isolated cardiac Purkinje fibres and ventricular muscle with microelectrodes. Some Purkinje fibres were depolarized by mechanical stretch to induce spontaneous activity with slow upstroke velocity. The preparations were stimulated at rates of 1, 2, 3 and 4 Hz. The drug concentrations tested were 0.4, 2 and 10 μg/ml in Tyrode solution (KCl = 5.4 mm).
The ‘therapeutic’ drug concentration (2 μg/ml) shortened action potential duration and effective refractory period of Purkinje fibres, the effect being pronounced at lower stimulation rates. In ventricular fibres, action potential duration changes were not consistent while the effective refractory period was prolonged.
In depolarized Purkinje fibres showing automatic activity, the drug (0.4 or 2 μg/ml) depressed phase 4 depolarization and reduced the firing rate without changing maximum diastolic potential. However, when depolarized Purkinje fibres were electrically driven at a constant rate, the maximum diastolic potential became more negative with a concomitant decrease of pacemaker slope and increase of maximum rate of rise (V̇max) of action potentials.
Moderate (2 μg/ml) to high (10 μg/ml) concentrations of the drug depressed V̇max in Purkinje fibres stimulated at 2 Hz by 12 and 42% respectively and depressed ‘membrane responsiveness’. The decrease in V̇max depended upon the stimulation rate, being minimum at the lowest (1 Hz) and maximum at the highest (4 Hz) stimulation rate.
The drug (2 μg/ml) improved V̇max of the earliest propagated premature action potentials by shifting the takeoff potential to more negative levels in both Purkinje and ventricular fibres.
Membrane conductance in fibres mounted in a single sucrose gap chamber was increased by the drug (2 μg/ml) in both fibre types in normal and in Na+ ‐deficient solutions. This increase was attributed to an increase in membrane K+ permeability produced by the drug.
All these effects are similar to those of lignocaine, diphenylhydantoin or aprindine, and can explain the antiarrhythmic action of mexiletine.
Multiple Aeromonas strains isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) displaying red skin disease signs in Scandinavian rivers
Authors: Lagadec Erwan , Mjølnerød Even Bysveen , Jensen Øyvind Marius , Plarre Heidrun , Nylund Are 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSince 2014, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) displaying clinical signs of red skin disease (RSD), including haemorrhagic and ulcerative skin lesions, have been repeatedly observed in Swedish rivers. Although the disease has since been reported in other countries, including Norway, Denmark, Ireland and the UK, no pathogen has so far been conclusively associated with RSD. In this study, the presence of 17 fish pathogens was investigated through qPCR in 18 returning Atlantic salmon with clinical signs of the disease in rivers in Sweden and Norway between 2019 and 2021. Several potential pathogens were repeatedly detected, including a protozoan (Ichthyobodo spp.), an oomycete (Saprolegnia spp.) and several bacteria (Yersinia ruckeri, Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola, Aeromonas spp.). Cultivation on different media from ulcers and internal organs revealed high concentrations of rod‐shaped bacteria typical of Aeromonadaceae. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis of different clones and single gene phylogenies of sequences obtained from the fish revealed concurrent isolation of several bacterial strains belonging to the species A. bestiarum, A. piscicola and A. sobria. While these bacterial infections may be secondary, these findings are significant for future studies on RSD and should guide the investigation of future outbreaks. However, the involvement of Aeromonas spp. as putative primary etiological agents of the disease cannot be ruled out and needs to be assessed by challenge experiments.
Psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the MM‐CGI‐SF in caregivers of people with dementia
Authors: Sánchez‐Alcón Miriam , Sosa‐Cordobés Elena , Garrido‐Fernández Almudena , Sánchez‐Ramos José Luis , Ramos‐Pichardo Juan Diego 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundCaregivers of people with dementia may experience characteristic grief linked to present and anticipated losses before the physical death of the care recipient occurs, which is related to physical and mental health problems. The Marwit–Meuser Caregiver Inventory‐Short Form (MM‐CGI‐SF) is an instrument that assesses this type of grief. Since there are no studies on an adaptation of the MM‐CGI‐SF to the Spanish population, the aim of the study was to evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample of caregivers of dementia patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out. The tool was translated and adapted into Spanish, which was administered to 250 caregivers of people with dementia in the province of Huelva, together with other related instruments. Descriptive statistics and internal consistency reliability were calculated using Cronbach's alpha, for the total questionnaire and for each subscale. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed and the Spanish version of the MM‐CGI‐SF was correlated with the rest of the variables by calculating Spearman's correlation coefficient.Results80.4% of the participants were female and had high levels of caregiver grief ( = 64.62, SD = 14.86). Cronbach's alpha for the general questionnaire was 0.927 and between 0.822–0.854 for its subscales. The fit values of the CFA were: x2 = 202.033, degrees of freedom = 121, x2/df = 1.670, TLI = 0.954, CFI = 0.963, SRMR = 0.047, RMSEA = 0.052; and all the correlations were statistically significant.ConclusionsThe Spanish version of the MM‐CGI‐SF shows adequate psychometric properties. Thanks to this instrument, health professionals may measure caregiver grief, get closer to the reality of dementia care, and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to manage this grief.
Nutritional status and prevalence of helminthic infection among primary school children in Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Aivey Sadia Alam , Rahman Md Moshiur , Fukushima Yasuko , Ahmed Ashir , Prihanto Junaidi Budi , Sarker Mohammad Habibur Rahman , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain , Moriyama Michiko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimMalnutrition and infectious diseases, such as helminthic infections, are widespread among primary school children, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. However, there are limited studies on school health in Bangladesh, particularly in rural settings. This study aimed to explore the nutritional status and prevalence of helminthic infections in relation to associated health behavior, awareness, and knowledge regarding malnutrition and helminthic infections which were evaluated by school nurses among primary school children in Bangladesh.MethodsThis was a descriptive, cross‐sectional survey study with a total duration of 1 month, from September to October, 2021. This study formed part of a school nurse project as a cluster non‐randomized clinical trial in Bangladesh. Selected variables from that clinical trial were analyzed and reported in the results section. The study participants were primary school children from four schools in rural Bangladesh.ResultsIn total, 604 children participated in the baseline survey and health checkups. Among them, 163 (27.0%) children were classified as malnourished according to the World Health Organization growth reference standard 2007. The prevalence of helminthic infections was 53 (8.8%). Approximately >50% of the children responded that they never/rarely practiced hygiene‐related behaviors and had no awareness and knowledge regarding malnutrition and helminthic infections. However, differences between the variables were not statistically significant.ConclusionChildren's nutritional status and prevalence of helminthic infections with related deprived health behaviors, and minimal awareness and knowledge, reinforce the importance of implementing educational interventions in the future.
What do we really know about “don't know”? Re‐assessing the measurement of financial knowledge
Authors: Wilmarth Melissa J. , Kim Kyoung Tae , Pak Tae‐Young 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSurvey protocols measuring financial knowledge typically offer a don't know (DK) response option along with factual statements about personal finance. The potential problem of this practice is that a DK response could capture something other than financial knowledge and mislead empirical research on the association between financial knowledge and behavioral outcomes. In this study, we examined whether the current scales are contaminated by systemic personality effects and how reduced validity influences analytical modeling of the knowledge effect. Two studies with different national datasets were conducted in this investigation. Study 1 found that personality types and emotions are partially correlated with the propensity to give a DK response. Study 2 showed that controlling for DK response options alters the association between financial knowledge and behaviors in regression analyses. Our findings suggest that a DK response reduces construct validity of the financial knowledge score.