bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Update on Rabies: A Neglected Zoonotic Disease of Public Health Concern
Authors: Manjunatha Kavitha Guladahalli , Chandrahasa Chethana , Akshay Sadanand Dangari , Sannejal Akhila Dharnappa , Vittal Rajeshwari , Kavitha Govindaiah , Goh Khang Wen , Isloor Shrikrishna , Devegowda Devananda 
Published: December 2023

Rabies, a deadly viral zoonosis, that has driven mankind for centuries continues to be a major global public health threat, primarily affecting under developed areas. The virus targets the central nervous system of warm-blooded animals and claims the lives of over 60,000 individuals annually. Often categorized as a "neglected" disease, zoonoses constitute the majority of emerging infectious ailments. India carries the greatest share of worldwide mortalities resulting from rabies transmitted by dogs to humans. Despite this, rabies is not definable in India, and it continues to be denied adequate consideration when it comes to public health issues. Dogs serve as the primary reservoirs for the rabies virus, transmitting it through direct contact with their saliva including bites, scratches, and exposure to broken skin and mucous membranes. Despite, the fact that the cure for rabies remains elusive, it is possible to prevent this fatal disease through proper pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis and early laboratory diagnosis. Diagnostic technologies like RT PCR, qPCR, dRIT, dFAT, and LFA are highly sensitive and specific in the rapid detection of rabies virus and play a crucial role in preventing the disease. Furthermore, vaccination both, pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis, coupled with increased public awareness, can significantly mitigate the impact of health concerns at the community level. Hence this comprehensive review emphasizes its transmission dynamics, diagnostic techniques, and preventive strategies aiming to raise awareness and enhance efforts to combat this neglected zoonotic disease.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Menpengaruhi Hasil Belajar Mata Kuliah Alat Berat Dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan FT UNP
Authors: Kurniawati Mega , Nanda Mahdika Putra , Arizal An 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini berawal dari masalah hasil belajar mahasiswa yang belum optimal pada mata kuliah Alat Berat dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis. Melihat masalah tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar mata kuliah Alat Berat dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan FT UNP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriftif dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 78 orang mahasiswa tahun masuk 2013. Dengan jumlah sampel sebayak 78 orang mahasiswa, sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling.Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan menggunakan angket dengan skala likert yang menggunakan 4 pilihan jawaban, yang terdiri dari pernyataan positif dan negatif. Jumlah pernyataan dalam angket sebanyak 53 butir pernyataan. Data sekunder diperoleh dari dosen yang mengajar mata kuliah Alat Berat dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk Faktor internal yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar yaitu aspek fisiologis sebesar 70,4%, intelegensi 78% sedangkan perhatian sebesar 58,4%, minat yaitu sebesar 74%, untuk bakat 69,4%, motivasi 75,8% dan kesiapan sebesar 79%. Sedangkan untuk faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar yaitu cara orang tua mendidik dengan persentase 84%, hubungan antar keluarga 92,6%, keadaan ekonomi keluarga yaitu 85,2%, suasana rumah 88,4%, metode mengajar 71,47%, hubungan dosen dengan mahasiswa sebesar 70,4%, sedangkan hubungan mahasiswa dengan mahasiswa sebesar 74,8%, sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran 74,6%, dan lingkungan tempat tinggal sebesar 74,8%. Faktor insternal yang paling berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah Alat Berat dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan FT UNP yaitu dengan sub indikator kesiapan sebesar 79%, sedangkn faktor eksternal yang paling berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar mata kuliah Alat Berat dan Pemindahan Tanah Mekanis Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan FT UNP yaitu dengan sub indikator hubungan antar keluarga sebesar 92,6%.
Pelaksanaan Pembinaan Terhadap Narapidana Anak Di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak
Authors: Eka Fitriani Rahma 
Published: December 2023

Sangat penting untuk memastikan bahwa hak-hak narapidana dihormati, dilindungi, dan diperhatikan secara memadai dalam sistem peradilan pidana. Mengingat semua karakteristik yang sudah dimiliki remaja yang bersalah, hal ini sangat penting dalam kasus mereka. Dalam karya ilmiah ini diuraikan pelaksanaan pembinaan anak binaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak. Dalam hal pembinaan anak narapidana menurut perundang-undangan di Indonesia sudah ditempatkan di lembaga pemasyarakatan (lapas) khusus anak. Lembaga pemasyarakatan (lapas) anak telah diubah menjadi Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA) adalah tempat pelaksanaan pidana penjara bagi anak hingga usia anak mencapai 18 (delapan belas) tahun. LPKA diwajibkan untuk menyelenggarakan pendidikan, pelatihan keterampilan, pembinaan dan pemenuhan hak lain sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Studi ini melihat bagaimana pembinaan dilakukan di LPKA dan menganalisisnya. Pendekatannya adalah penelitian hukum normatif, yang sangat mengandalkan studi kepustakaan.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAN BRAND AMBASSADOR NCT DREAM TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK MIE INSTAN LEMONILO
Authors: Yahya Maulana Muhammad , Rahman Yoga Nur , Andayani Cahyaning , Saputri Mutiara Audi Malica Ayu , Purwaningsih Vitriyani Tri , Taher Arivina Ratih Yulihar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Generation Z and millennials are more interested in leading healthy lives. According to Central Agency on Statistics; Statistics Indonesia, 29.94% of Indonesia's population is said to face health issues in 2022. They cannot be distinguished from instant food at the same time. Many healthy food supply companies use this to create appealing products for the general public. One is PT Lemonilo Indonesia Sehat, which releases Mie Lemonilo and advertises it as healthy noodles without the 3Ps (preservatives, artificial colors, and flavors). Along with providing nutritious food items, Lemonilo has partnered with South Korean boyband NCT Dream, whose appealing image is seen to fit with the brand's reputation. This study aims to determine whether NCT Dream's role as a brand ambassador can boost consumers' interest in purchasing Lemonilo goods. Popularity and awards in the form of photo cards were investigated as indicators in this study, while purchase intention was the independent variable. The quantitative method is used in this associative form of research. This study used a simple random sample of 183 respondents from the Twitter base of @nct_menfess between the ages of 15 and 30. The research results show that NCT Dream as a brand ambassador can influence buying interest in the community by 25.23%. At the same time, the rest are other factors outside of research.
Keywords: Popularity, Prizes, NCT Dream, Purchase Intention
Análisis del art. 80 de la ley nº19.580 de la R. O. U. con mención a las discusiones acerca de la liquidación de sentencia y la etapa de proceso o ejecución de la condena pecuniaria
Authors: Soba Bracesco Ignacio M. 
Published: December 2023

El artículo examina el artículo 80 de la Ley N° 19.580 de Uruguay, que se centra en la reparación patrimonial en casos de violencia de género. Se destacan varios aspectos clave: El artículo 80 de la ley establece la obligación de imponer una reparación patrimonial a las víctimas de violencia de género, aunque se etiqueta como una sanción pecuniaria, se interpreta como una verdadera reparación patrimonial, sin necesidad de requisitos previos. La determinación del monto de indemnización se basa en los ingresos mensuales del condenado, lo que puede ser complicado de probar en casos penales. La falta de reglas específicas sobre la prueba de ingresos sugiere la aplicación de las reglas generales de recolección de evidencia. En procesos abreviados, podría aplicarse una condena de doce salarios mínimos si los ingresos no pueden probarse. En casos donde existan ingresos mensuales pero no su monto, se propone una condena ilíquida que se liquidaría posteriormente. Se cuestiona si las sentencias con sumas ilíquidas son nulas o convalidables. El artículo también aborda la coordinación de sentencias entre los ámbitos penal y civil, la ejecución de la condena pecuniaria y su aplicabilidad a los herederos en caso de fallecimiento del condenado. El autor proporciona análisis y opiniones, así como plantea interrogantes relacionados con el artículo 80 y sus implicaciones legales.Abstract
The article examines Article 80 of Law N° 19.580 of Uruguay, which focuses on reparation in cases of gender violence. Several key aspects are highlighted: Article 80 of the law establishes the obligation to impose a reparation of property to victims of gender violence, although it is labeled as a pecuniary sanction, it is interpreted as a true reparation of property, without the need for prerequisites. The determination of the amount of compensation is based on the convicted person’s monthly income, which can be dificult to prove in criminal cases. The lack of specific rules on proof of income suggests the application of general rules of evidence collection. In summary proceedings, a sentence of twelve minimum wages could be applied if the income cannot be proven. In cases where there are monthly incomes but not their amount, an illiquid sentence is proposed that would be liquidated later. It is questioned whether sentences with illiquid sums are null or not. The article also addresses the coordination of sentences between the criminal and civil spheres, the enforcement of the pecuniary sentence and its applicability to the heirs in the event of the death of the convicted person. The author provides analysis and opinions, as well as raising questions related to article 80 and its legal implications.
La responsabilidad de la persona jurídica - por el hecho de su dependiente - contrato de distribución
Authors: Cañada María Eugenia 
Published: December 2023

La creciente complejidad de los procesos de comercialización, requieren no solo un alto grado de especialización, sino también, nuevas políticas de expansión asumida por las empresas, las cuales actualmente se ven en la necesidad de satisfacer una demanda constante en diversos aspectos. Viéndose obligados a recurrir a nuevas formas de contratación que contemplen las diversas actividades de acuerdo a los fines para los cuales fueron creados. El presente trabajo se centrará en analizar en primer lugar una de las nuevas modalidades de contratación que trajo la globalización, “contrato de distribución comercial”, y cuál es la responsabilidad civil de la persona jurídica, sus administradores, representantes y puntualmente de los auxiliares.Nos abocaremos a desentrañar la noción de contrato de distribución, para luego avanzar sobre sus caracteres, elementos, la forma en que estos acuerdos pueden ser consensuados, la realidad de las partes, sus derechos y obligaciones, analizando con la responsabilidad de las partes integrantes, esto es, si son responsables frente a terceros, como dependientes, auxiliares.
Abstract
The growing complexity of the marketing processes requires not only a high degree of specialization, but also the expansion policies assumed by the companies, which currently have the need to satisfy a constant demand in various aspects. Being forced to resort to new forms of contracting that contemplate the various activities according to the purposes for which they were created.The present work will focus on analyzing first of all one of the new contracting modalities that globalization brought, "commercial distribution contract", and what is the civil liability of the legal entity, its administrators, representatives and auxiliaries.
The GBT Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey (GDIGS): Discrete Sources
Authors: Linville Dylan J. , Luisi Matteo , Anderson L. D. , Liu Bin , Bania T. M. , Balser Dana S. , Wenger Trey V. , Haffner L. M. , Mascoop J. L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Green Bank Telescope Diffuse Ionized Gas Survey (GDIGS) traces ionized gas in the Galactic midplane by observing radio recombination line (RRL) emission from 4 to 8 GHz. The nominal survey zone is 32.°3 > ℓ > −5°, ∣ b ∣ < 0.°5. Here, we analyze GDIGS Hnα ionized gas emission toward discrete sources. Using GDIGS data, we identify the velocity of 35 H ii regions that have multiple detected RRL velocity components. We identify and characterize RRL emission from 88 H ii regions that previously lacked measured ionized gas velocities. We also identify and characterize RRL emission from eight locations that appear to be previously unidentified H ii regions and 30 locations of RRL emission that do not appear to be H ii regions based on their lack of mid-infrared emission. This latter group may be a compact component of the Galactic Diffuse Ionized Gas. There are an additional 10 discrete sources that have anomalously high RRL velocities for their locations in the Galactic plane. We compare these objects’ RRL data to 13CO, H i, and mid-infrared data, and find that these sources do not have the expected 24 μm emission characteristic of H ii regions. Based on this comparison we do not think these objects are H ii regions, but we are unable to classify them as a known type of object.
Star-forming Main Sequence of Giant Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Authors: Du Wei , Cheng Cheng , Du Pengliang , Du Lin , Wu Hong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Giant low surface brightness galaxies (GLSBGs) are fundamentally distinct from normal galaxies and other types of LSBGs in terms of star formation and evolution. In this work, we collected 27 local GLSBGs from the literature. They have high stellar masses (M
* > 1010
M
⊙) and low far-ultraviolet-based star formation rates (SFRs). With specific star formation rates (sSFRs) lower than the characteristic value of local star-forming galaxies (SFGs) of M
* = 1010
M
⊙ (sSFR < 0.1 Gyr−1), GLSBGs deviate from the star formation main sequence (MS) defined for local SFGs respectively by Elbaz et al. (E07) and Saintonge et al. (S16) at the high-M
* regime. They are H i-rich systems with H i gas mass fractions (f
H I) higher than the S16 MS galaxies, but have little molecular gas (H2), implying a quite low efficiency of H i-to-H2 transition due to low H i surface densities (Σ H i) that are far lower than the minimum Σ H i of 6–8 M
⊙ pc−2 required for shielding the formed H2 from photodissociation. For GLSBGs, the inner, bulge-dominated parts with lower SFRs and higher M
* are the main force pulling the entire GLSBG sample off of the MS, while the outer, disk-dominated parts with relatively higher SFRs and lower M
* reduce the deviation from the MS. For some cases, the outer, disk-dominated parts even tend to follow the MS. In the aspect of near-ultraviolet − r versus g − r colors, the outer, disk-dominated parts are blue and behave similarly to normal SFGs while the inner, bulge-dominated parts are statistically redder, indicating an inside–out star formation mechanism for GLSBGs. They show few signs of external interactions in morphology, excluding the recent major merger scenario.
Mock Observations: Formation and Evolution of Diffuse Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters in the IllustrisTNG Simulations
Authors: Tang Lin , Lin Weipeng , Wang Yang , Li Jing , Lan Yanyao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this paper, by analyzing mock images from the IllustrisTNG100-1 simulation, we examine the properties of diffuse light and compare them to those of central and satellite galaxies. Our findings suggest that the majority of the diffuse light originates from satellites. This claim is supported by the similarity between the age and metallicity distributions of the diffuse light and those of the satellites. Notably, the color distribution of the diffuse light gradually evolves to resemble that of the centrals at lower redshifts, suggesting a coevolution or passive process. The radial profiles of the diffuse light reveal distinct trends, with the inner regions displaying a relatively flat distribution and the outer regions showing a descending pattern. This finding suggests that the formation of the diffuse light is influenced by both major mergers and stellar tidal stripping. Moreover, strong correlations are found between the stellar mass of the diffuse light and the overall stellar mass of the satellites, as well as between the stellar mass of the diffuse light and the number of satellites within groups or clusters. These relationships can be described by power-law and logarithmic functions. Overall, the diffuse light components predominantly originate from satellites with intermediate ages and metallicities. These satellites typically fall within the stellar mass range

8
<

log

10

(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
<
10

and the color range −1 < [g − r]0.1 < 0. As the redshift decreases, the growth of the diffuse light is primarily influenced by the redder satellites, while the most massive and reddest satellites have minimal roles in its growth.
Fitting and Comparing Galactic Foreground Models for Unbiased 21 cm Cosmology
Authors: Hibbard Joshua J. , Rapetti David , Burns Jack O. , Mahesh Nivedita , Bassett Neil 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Accurate detection of the cosmological 21 cm global signal requires galactic foreground models that can remove power over 106. Although foreground and global signal models unavoidably exhibit overlap in their vector spaces inducing bias error in the extracted signal, a second source of bias and error arises from inadequate foreground models, i.e., models that cannot fit spectra down to the noise level of the signal. We therefore test the level to which seven commonly employed foreground models—including nonlinear and linear forward models, polynomials, and maximally smooth polynomials—fit realistic simulated mock foreground spectra, as well as their dependence upon model inputs. The mock spectra are synthesized for an EDGES-like experiment and we compare all models’ goodness of fit and preference using a Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test of the noise-normalized residuals in order to compare models with differing, and sometimes indeterminable, degrees of freedom. For a single local sidereal time (LST) bin spectrum and p-value threshold of p = 0.05, the nonlinear forward model with four parameters is preferred (p = 0.99), while the linear forward model fits well with six to seven parameters (p = 0.94, 0.97, respectively). The polynomials and maximally smooth polynomials, like those employed by the EDGES and SARAS3 experiments, cannot produce good fits with five parameters for the experimental simulations in this work (p < 10−6). However, we find that polynomials with six parameters pass the K-S test (p = 0.4), although a nine-parameter fit produces the highest p-value (p ∼ 0.67). When fitting multiple LST bins simultaneously, we find that the linear forward model outperforms (a higher p-value) the nonlinear model for 2, 5, and 10 LST bins. Importantly, the K-S test consistently identifies best-fit and preferred models.
JWST Identification of Extremely Low C/N Galaxies with [N/O] ≳ 0.5 at z ∼ 6–10 Evidencing the Early CNO-cycle Enrichment and a Connection with Globular Cluster Formation
Authors: Isobe Yuki , Ouchi Masami , Tominaga Nozomu , Watanabe Kuria , Nakajima Kimihiko , Umeda Hiroya , Yajima Hidenobu , Harikane Yuichi , Fukushima Hajime , Xu Yi , Ono Yoshiaki , Zhang Yechi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present chemical abundance ratios of 70 star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 4–10 observed by the JWST/NIRSpec Early Release Observations, GLASS, and CEERS programs. Among the 70 galaxies, we have pinpointed two galaxies, CEERS_01019 at z = 8.68 and GLASS_150008 at z = 6.23, with extremely low C/N ([C/N] ≲ −1), evidenced with C iii]λλ1907,1909, N iii]λ1750, and N iv]λλ1483,1486, which show high N/O ratios ([N/O] ≳ 0.5) comparable with the one of GN-z11, regardless of whether stellar or active galactic nucleus radiation is assumed. Such low C/N and high N/O ratios found in CEERS_01019 and GLASS_150008 (additionally identified in GN-z11) are largely biased toward the equilibrium of the CNO cycle, suggesting that these three galaxies are enriched by metals processed by the CNO cycle. On the C/N versus O/H plane, these three galaxies do not coincide with Galactic H ii regions, normal star-forming galaxies, and nitrogen-loud quasars with asymptotic giant branch stars, but with globular-cluster (GC) stars, indicating a connection with GC formation. We compare the C/O and N/O of these three galaxies with those of theoretical models and find that these three galaxies are explained by scenarios with dominant CNO-cycle materials, i.e., Wolf–Rayet stars, supermassive (103–105
M
⊙) stars, and tidal disruption events, interestingly with a requirement of frequent direct collapses. For all the 70 galaxies, we present measurements of Ne/O, S/O, and Ar/O, together with C/O and N/O. We identify four galaxies with very low Ne/O, log(Ne/O) < −1.0, indicating abundant massive (≳30 M
⊙) stars.
Experimental Phase Function and Degree of Linear Polarization of Light Scattered by Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Circumstellar Dust Analogs
Authors: Gómez Martín Juan Carlos , Muñoz Olga , Martikainen Julia , Guirado Daniel , Tanarro Isabel , Peláez Ramón J. , Maté Belén , Jiménez-Redondo Miguel , Herrero Víctor J. , Peiteado Marco , Jardiel Teresa 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Astronomical observations of the polarized intensity of scattered visible light have revealed the presence of dust envelopes around different types of evolved stars. These observations have helped determine the diameter and width of dust shells around stars with unprecedented accuracy. Simple geometric particle models are used in order to retrieve dust properties from these observations. In this work, we have synthesized and characterized a particulate sample of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (HAC), which is considered to be a realistic carbonaceous interstellar dust analog based on infrared absorption spectroscopy, and we have measured its phase function and degree of linear polarization curves at 514 nm using the CODULAB apparatus at IAA-CSIC. The experimental light-scattering data has been examined in order to explore possible improvements in the interpretation of astronomical observations of circumstellar dust from the point of view of the retrieval of dust properties, including size and porosity. Our results suggest that circumstellar dust observations of linearly polarized scattered light, which are commonly attributed to a population of spherical grains with a radius of ∼0.1 μm, are consistent with larger porous aggregates composed of nanometer-sized grains. In addition, an internal 50wt% mixture of HAC and ultrafine forsterite powder has been generated to study the effect of the mixing of these two components on the light-scattering behavior of dust in cometary environments and protoplanetary disks. In this case, the HAC component, which is not very absorbent, has a very small effect, and the mixture scatters light similarly to the forsterite sample.