bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Non-Extraction Treatment with Functional and Mechanical Therapy of a Class II Division 1 Malocclusion
Authors: Murakami Teruo , Moro Naohiro , Abe Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Non-extraction treatment was carried out for a growing Angle Class II division 1 patient. Because the patient demonstrated potential growth and all the third molars were congenitally missing, the extraction of the four premolars was ruled out.
A functional appliance (MGA) and cervical headgear were employed simultaneously in the first phase of treatment. The second phase was carried out by mechanotherapy.
As a result, adequate forward growth of the mandible was attained and all 28 teeth were kept in good relation with no root resorption and healthy periodontal tissue. A better improvement of the profile may have been attained had extraction treatment been performed; with non-extraction treatment, however, the amount of tooth movement could he minimized, and root resorption was not observed. The role of the functional appliance is also important for the success of non-extraction treatment in Class II patients.
Comparison of the shear bond strength of a so-called ‘dual-cured glass-ionomer cement’ and a conventional resin composite used in orthodontic bonding
Authors: Phijaisanit Penvadee , Tyas Martin J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Glass-ionomer cements are a promising bonding alternative to resin composite in that they maintain the integrity of the enamel, are easier to debond and prevent enamel decalcification adjacent to the bonded bracket.
The purpose of the study was to compare the shear bond strength of a so-called ‘dual-cured glass-ionomer cement’ (Band-Lok) with a conventional resin composite (Right-On) in bonding orthodontic brackets to enamel. The results indicated that: (1) the resin composite had a significantly greater mean shear bond strength than Band-Lok; (2) the mean shear bond strength of Band-Lok was lower at seven days than at 60 minutes; (3) there was no significant difference between the mean shear bond strength of Band-Lok with and without light curing; (4) all the Band-Lok specimens failed at the adhesive/enamel interface; and (5) Band-Lok does not fit the definition of a glass-ionomer cement. This study did not support the use of Band-Lok as an orthodontic bracket bonding agent; further development is needed to improve its bond strength to enamel.
Perceptions of orthodontic appliances among Grade Seven students and their parents
Authors: Prove Shari A. , Freer Terrence J. , Taverne Aart A.R. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A survey of 468 Gracie Seven students and 437 parents in the North Brisbane region was undertaken to determine perceptions of orthodontic appliances. Based on responses to statements on the survey, a Perception Score was created for both students and parents in relation to both fixed and removable appliances. Both students and parents had more negative perceptions of fixed appliances than of removable appliances. Fixed appliances were perceived to attract more teasing, to cause more problems in the maintenance of oral hygiene and to be more painful than a removable plate. Respondents also felt that children would have to be more careful about what they eat when wearing fixed appliances. Approximately forty per cent of students and parents did not know whether teeth could be damaged by orthodontic appliances nor whether the appliances would cause discomfort. Parents had significantly more negative perceptions of both types of orthodontic appliances than did the students. The Perceptions scores were not significantly influenced by whether the students attended a private or public sector dentist, the frequency of dental visits, any history of orthodontic treatment, nor by the parents’ level of education and their occupations. A forewarning about experiences of orthodontic appliances would better prepare patients and assist operators in providing the community with a more comprehensive orthodontic service.
Epidemiology of Osteoarticular Disorders During the Period 2019-2021
Authors: Serban Adrian Lucian 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Bone tissue is of particular interest due to the very high incidence of osteoarticular disorders, their serious consequences and the enormous costs imposed on the health system. Many medico-biological studies in this field are indirect, evaluating the state of bone tissue through laboratory indicators measured in serum, urine and synovial fluid, through imaging evaluations (bone densitometry), or through cell culture studies.
It should be noted that the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on access to medical services and care for patients with osteoarticular conditions.
During 2019-2021, osteoarticular disorders were a major concern for the medical community and patients worldwide. The epidemiology of these conditions is influenced by several factors, including population aging, sedentary lifestyles, poor nutrition lacking essential nutrients, overweight and obesity, stress, and other chronic conditions.
We can conclude that women are more predisposed than men to orthopedic conditions, both chronic and acute, but not in a significant number.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has influenced the number of patients with chronic conditions seeking the services of the Orthopedics-Traumatology Department in the first half of 2020.
The main cause of admission for acute conditions (patients admitted through the Emergency Department) was falls, accounting for a significant percentage, followed by motor vehicle accidents at a considerable distance.
Patient’s Satisfaction Assessment With Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Services in Private and Public Outpatient Units
Authors: Rafti Daniel , Rafti Raluca , Hangan Laurentiu-Tony , Oprisan Oana 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMedical rehabilitation, overseen by physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, is offered through contracts with national health insurance or private payment in various healthcare settings. Assessing changes in healthcare services is vital to improving patient satisfaction, health outcomes, and overall quality of life. This study focuses on patient satisfaction and preferences in public and private medical rehabilitation services within outpatient institutions of physical medicine and rehabilitation.MethodsConducted from April to July 2023, this cross-sectional study surveyed 100 patients (60% private healthcare system, 40% public healthcare system) using a 14-item questionnaire. The questionnaire covered various aspects, including treatment quality, information accessibility, and waiting times. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel.ResultsPatients, particularly females over 40, showed higher referral rates for medical rehabilitation services. Patient satisfaction assessments indicated positive perceptions of the quality of services in both public and private outpatient institutions.DiscussionPrivately treated patients expressed greater satisfaction with the quality of medical services, treatment information, accessibility, waiting times, and medical equipment compared to those treated publicly. Despite coexisting health systems, patient perceptions of public institutions tend to be negative.ConclusionOverall, patients in private rehabilitation institutions reported higher satisfaction levels. Study limitations include a small participant pool, emphasizing the need for broader research to generalize findings nationally. This research sheds light on patient preferences and satisfaction, contributing to ongoing efforts to enhance medical rehabilitation services.
Management of Abdominal Gunshot Wounds in Children - Case Report
Authors: Danila Dumitru Marius , Chelmu-Voda Cristina , Baroiu Liliana , Aura Costin Silvia , Marin Cristina Mihaela , Chirila Sergiu , Stefanopol Ioana Anca 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
One of the causes of mortality in pediatric population is penetrating abdominal injuries, which can affect several organs. Among all types of abdominal trauma, in gunshot wounds a good prognostic requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
In Romania, there is no specific database on gunshot injuries in the pediatric population, but from various sources, it was found that there are 3 cases (1 case of abdominal injury caused by gunshot in rural area and 2 cases of head and cervical spine injury due to gunshot that took place in urban area).

Case presentation
A 13-year-old boy is brought to the emergency care unit with a penetrating gunshot wound by ricochet in the left lower abdominal quadrant. Abdominal computed tomography revealed abdominal wall discontinuity in the left iliac fossa with oblique and posterior trajectory and a foreign body in the peritoneal cavity measuring 19/7 mm. Intraoperatory, the projectile was found in the sigmoid colon.

Conclusion
Penetrating gunshot wounds in pediatric population need adequate investigation and prompt diagnosis despite hemodynamic stability at presentation. Successful management of such a patient depends on the accuracy of the surgical intervention as well as the existence of a multidisciplinary medical team, which helps to prevent significant complications, including death.
What do Parents Prefer: State or Private Healthcare?
Authors: Eftime Anamaria 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
In Romania, investments in health represent less than 5% of the country's GDP, our country being among the EU countries that invest the least in citizens' health, according to Eurostat.
The health system includes all activities whose main purpose is to promote, restore or maintain health. In Romania, the medical system includes the state medical system and the private medical system. Insured persons, as well as uninsured persons (in emergency medical services), can benefit from the services of the state medical system. It should be mentioned that the private medical system requires an additional payment for medical services, regardless of whether the patient is insured or not with the state medical system.
The hypothesis underlying this study is that patients "migrate" from state to private healthcare.
Before presenting themselves to a private clinic, most pediatric patients, at the urging of their parents, are not initially evaluated by the family doctor, due to the shorter waiting time, the possibility of choosing the pediatrician who performs the consultation and the higher quality of the services physician. But, regarding the number of consultations in a 6-month period, parents use state and private medical services in relatively equal proportions.
The Influence of Selected Transition Elements on Cell Metabolism
Authors: TERPIŁOWSKA Sylwia , RAFIŃSKA Katarzyna , GOŁĘBIOWSKI Adrian , KOWALKOWSKI Tomasz , BUSZEWSKI Bogusław 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The elements are present in the environment. Moreover, they are used in pharmacy and the production of new materials used in medical applications. They are often as environmental pollutants. They can accumulate in organisms and induce toxic effects on the cellular level. HepG2, L929 and Caco-2 cell lines were exposed to known concentrations of chromium chloride, iron chloride, nickel chloride, molybdenum trioxide and cobalt chloride (200 or 1000 μ M used alone and in combinations). Concentrations of chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum and cobalt in the cell lysate and the culture medium were determined by ICP-MS. Moreover, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations were also measured. What is more, cells were observed under light and scanning electron microscope. The dose-dependent increase in the concentration of chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum and cobalt in all cell lines after incubation with elements was observed. Potassium concentration decreases while sodium calcium and magnesium increase after incubation of cells with of mentioned elements. The incubation of cells with microelements induces cell morphology changes. The presented study shows the crucial role of tested microelements in the induction of cell death as a result of an imbalance of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentration inside the cell.
Hydro-Cracked Light Gas Oil Biodesulphurisation by Immobilised Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cells on Polyvinyl Alcohol
Authors: KHOSH RAVESH Hussein , SADEGHI Soroor , SHARIFI Sara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Refining petroleum fractions containing heterocyclic sulphur compounds to produce sulphur-free fuels, requires efficient desulphurisation methods. A new biocatalyst has been synthesised by immobilising Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells on polyvinyl alcohol by adsorption for hydro-cracked light gas oil bio-desulphurisation. The surface functional groups and biocatalyst morphology have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The bio-desulphurisation of dibenzothiophene as a heterocyclic sulphur model compound of gas oil was achieved with an aqueous-oil ratio (v/v) of 50 %, where the removed mass was 0.3826 mg per gram of biocatalyst at equilibrium condition, bio-desulphurisation rate of 0.375 h–1 and removal percentage was 95.65 %. The biodegradation of dibenzothiophene and its derivatives in hydro-cracked light gas oil has been determined after a batch process using 0.5 g of the biocatalyst after 5 h of contact time at 37 °C. According to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, ethyl and trimethyl derivatives of dibenzothiophene have been degraded by higher efficiencies in comparison with other derivatives. Also, thiophenes and mercaptans of the gasoil sample have been degraded simultaneously to some extent. Equilibrium data have been observed to obey the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The cell immobilisation facilitates the interaction of surface functional groups with sulphur compounds. The synergistic effect of cell immobilisation on the bio-activity of bacterial cells was due to the maintenance of the heterotrophic, bacillus morphology of the cells after immobilisation. This approach provides a simple, economical method with mild operating conditions to produce low-sulphur light gas oil through the biodegradation of heterocyclic sulphur compounds.
The Causal Relationship Between Income Deprivation and Depression with Special Emphases on the Importance of Spatiality
Authors: Bilicz Hanga Lilla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
This paper focuses on the causal relationship between territorial levels of income deprivation and depression. It seeks to shed light on the importance of spatial dependence in said relationship.

Materials and methods
The paper uses the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation as a data source to model the level of depression present across Scotland dependent on income deprivation and health and education control variables. OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) modelling is used to confirm causality and a SARMA (Spatial Autoregressive Moving Average) model is built to capture the spatial dimension as well.

Results
Evidence is found that geographical space has an effect on the relationship between depression and deprivation, and the presence of spillover effects to neighbouring areas, and hence a multiplier effect can also be assumed.

Conclusions
Taking the found spatial multiplier effect into account when making resource allocation decisions could help to better target policies regarding e.g. social wellbeing and mental health.
Policies Aimed at Combating COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis in Poland
Authors: Adamowicz Mieczysław 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
The aim of the paper is to present the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and measures undertaken in order to prevent the spread of the disease and mitigate its results. The specific objective concerns evaluation of anti-crisis measures enacted during the pandemic in Poland.

Materials and methods
The paper is based on an analysis of official data provided by state institutions and reports on the course of the pandemic in Poland, as well as academic papers on the subject matter in question. The author employed an analytical and descriptive method in order to outline the course and assess the economic and social phenomena occurring during the pandemic.

Results
The state of the pandemic in Poland was announced on March 2020 and lifted in May 2023. During that period, Poland experienced two major waves of increased infections and excess deaths, which led to significant biological, economic and social damage, as well as major losses. The state has implemented an efficient and quite effective anti-pandemic measures aimed at protecting the lives and health of citizens, as well as anti-crisis policies to counter and limit the adverse effects of the ongoing pandemic in the form of an extensive financial aid in the form of the so-called Anti-Crisis Fund, which was continuously replenished.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic in Poland was an unprecedented and unpredictable phenomenon, which resulted in clear threat to the life and health of the population. It also brought upon a danger of an economic recession and social crisis, which could have resulted in deep economic crisis. The anti-pandemic measures introduced by the Polish government, as well as the anti-crisis measures implemented in quick succession, saved the country from a deep crisis and recession. There is a need for further research into the causes, course, as well as the immediate and long-term impacts of the pandemic.
Impact of the SARS-COV-2 Pandemic on Changes in the Financing and Delivery of Forestry Education in Poland – A Case Study
Authors: Zbucki Łukasz , Radwańska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly changed the shape and organization of education in the State Forests, hence the purpose of this study is to assess its impact on the course, financing, forms and participation of youth and adults in forest education in Poland.

Materials and methods
The study was based on hitherto unpublished quantitative data concerning the educational activities of forest districts carried out in 2011-2021. Qualitative methods, including online surveys, were also used. Due to the largest area of forests under its management in Poland, the RDSF Szczecin was selected as the study area.

Results
An analysis of expenditures on forest education was carried out, identifying forest districts with the highest and lowest costs.

Conclusions
The mixed methods used allowed for a more complete interpretation of the results, as well as the presentation of the figures in a statistical context.
Changing Pattern of Prices and Arrivals of Agricultural Commodities Through e-NAM: A Case Study of Sirsa Apmc in Haryana
Authors: Singh Abhey , Kiran  , Sihag Shakuntla 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
The study examined the market profile and status of Electronic National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) in Sirsa Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) The study also analysed the arrival and price pattern of major agricultural commodities before and after the implementation of e-NAM in the study area.

Materials and methods
For the present study, both primary and secondary data were used. The study was conducted between the years 2011-2012 to 2020-2021. The Compound Growth Rate (CGR) was computed for both the period before and after the implementation of e-NAM (2016-2017 to 2020-2021) to examine the growth of total arrivals, lots, traded quantity and value of commodities.

Results
The study shows incremental growth in the total number of arrived, quantity and traded value except for traded lots of commodities. The study observed that almost all required facilities for implementing e-NAM were available at the APMC yard.

Conclusion
The present study concluded that the overall impact of e-NAM has been positive on the arrivals and prices of major agricultural commodities in Sirsa APMC.
Sanatan Economics: An Eternal Economic Order
Authors: Jakhar Babloo , Kumar Vijay , Sharma Sachin , Sunil  
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Subject and purpose of work
This short paper deals with Sanatan Economics and explains its importance and why Sanatan Economics should be studied.

Materials and methods
The work is based on the principles of Sanatan Dharma. The content is based on the Sanatan Scriptures, available literature, and the authors’ understanding of Sanatan Economics.

Results
Sanatan economics (in a narrow sense, it may be called Hindu Economics) deals with ethical principles, self-sufficiency, balanced economic growth, and responsible use of resources while considering the broader societal and moral context of economic activities. It should be used for the betterment of human life and positive societal change in terms of economic order, because sustainability, balanced economic growth, value-based economic decisions, vocals for local, self-sufficiency, and moral and ethical decisions are the needs of the present economic order.

Conclusions
The study of Sanatan Economics enlightens the path for the betterment of societal economic change.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PENANAMAN MODAL ASING LANGSUNG DI WILAYAH INDONESIA
Authors: Manuaba Ida Bagus Riski Putra , Saskara Ida Ayu Nyoman 
Published: January 2024

Infrastructure is a reflection of a country in running its economy, if a country's infrastructure is weak, it can be ascertained that the economy running in that country is running inefficiently. The objectives of this study include (1) To find out road construction, development of information and telecommunications technology, and the number of transportation facilities will have a partial effect on FDI in every province of Indonesia. (2) To find out road construction, development of information technology and telecommunications, and the number of transportation facilities will have a simultaneous effect on PMA in every province of Indonesia. The data used is secondary data obtained from BPS, with a total of 5 years of observations. The analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis technique. The results show that (1) the number of roads has a positive and significant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia. (2) IP-TIK has a positive and significant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia. (3) The number of motorized vehicles has a positive and insignificant effect on foreign investment in Indonesia.

Keywords: Foreign Investment, Road Construction, Information and Communication Technology Development Index, Number of Motorized Vehicles
studi komparatif tentang biaya produksi, curahan jam kerja, jumlah produksi, dan keuntungan antara petani padi organik dengan petani padi non organik di desa Jatiluwih kecamatan Penebel Tabanan
Authors: Putri Sinta Dharma , Kartika I Nengah 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis (1) perbedaan jumlah produksi (2) perbedaan curahan jam kerja (3) perbedaan biaya produksi dan (4) perbedaan pendapatan antara petani padi organik petani padi non organik. Penelitian tentang petani padi organik dan non organik dilaksanakan di Desa Jatiluwih. Populasi penelitian ini adalah petani padi organik dan petani padi non organik, yang daftarnya diperoleh dari kelian subak di Desa Jatiluwih. Berdasarkan jumlah populasi petani tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan pengambilan sampel dengan metode proportionate stratified random sampling, setelah data dikumpulkan kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan analisis perbedaan dua rata-rata.
Beberapa simpulan yang dapat ditarik dari hasil dan pembahasan pada uraian sebelumnya yaitu (1) petani padi organik menghasilkan produksi yang lebih banyak dari pada petani padi non organik (2) petani padi organik membutuhkan waktu yang lebih banyak dari pada petani padi non organik (3) petani padi organik memerlukan biaya yang lebih banyak daripada petani padi non organik (4) petani padi organik memperoleh pendapatan yang lebih besar dari pada petani padi non organik.

Kata kunci: Studi Komperatif, Petani Padi Organik dan Petani Padi Non Organik, Biaya Produksi, Curahan Jam Kerja, Jumlah Produksi, dan Pendapatan.