bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-volume evacuation mitigates viral aerosol spread in dental procedures
Authors: Malmgren Rasmus , Välimaa Hanna , Oksanen Lotta , Sanmark Enni , Nikuri Petra , Heikkilä Paavo , Hakala Jani , Ahola Aleksi , Yli-Urpo Simeoni , Palomäki Ville , Asmi Eija , Sofieva Svetlana , Rostedt Antti , Laitinen Sirpa , Romantschuk Martin , Sironen Tarja , Atanasova Nina , Paju Susanna , Lahdentausta-Suomalainen Laura 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDental healthcare personnel (DHCP) are subjected to microbe-containing aerosols and splatters in their everyday work. Safer work conditions must be developed to ensure the functioning of the healthcare system. By simulating dental procedures, we aimed to compare the virus-containing aerosol generation of four common dental instruments, and high-volume evacuation (HVE) in their mitigation. Moreover, we combined the detection of infectious viruses with RT-qPCR to form a fuller view of virus-containing aerosol spread in dental procedures. The air–water syringe produced the highest number of aerosols. HVE greatly reduced aerosol concentrations during procedures. The air–water syringe spread infectious virus-containing aerosols throughout the room, while other instruments only did so to close proximity. Additionally, infectious viruses were detected on the face shields of DHCP. Virus genomes were detected throughout the room with all instruments, indicating that more resilient viruses might remain infectious and pose a health hazard. HVE reduced the spread of both infectious viruses and viral genomes, however, it did not fully prevent them. We recommend meticulous use of HVE, a well-fitting mask and face shields in dental procedures. We advise particular caution when operating with the air–water syringe. Due to limited repetitions, this study should be considered a proof-of-concept report.
Biodegradable albumen dielectrics for high-mobility MoS2 phototransistors
Authors: Pucher Thomas , Bastante Pablo , Parenti Federico , Xie Yong , Dimaggio Elisabetta , Fiori Gianluca , Castellanos-Gomez Andres 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work demonstrates the fabrication and characterization of single-layer MoS2 field-effect transistors using biodegradable albumen (chicken eggwhite) as gate dielectric. By introducing albumen as an insulator for MoS2 transistors high carrier mobilities (up to ~90 cm2 V−1 s−1) are observed, which is remarkably superior to that obtained with commonly used SiO2 dielectric which we attribute to ionic gating due to the formation of an electric double layer in the albumen MoS2 interface. In addition, the investigated devices are characterized upon illumination, observing responsivities of 4.5 AW−1 (operated in photogating regime) and rise times as low as 52 ms (operated in photoconductivity regime). The presented study reveals the combination of albumen with van der Waals materials for prospective biodegradable and biocompatible optoelectronic device applications. Furthermore, the demonstrated universal fabrication process can be easily adopted to fabricate albumen-based devices with any other van der Waals material.
Distributed adaptive time‐varying formation of multi‐UAV systems under undirected graph
Authors: Cai Xin , Zhu Xiaozhou , Yao Wen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a fully distributed control protocol is presented based on adaptive technology to solve the time‐varying formation problem of multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems, where the coupling weights between neighbouring UAVs can be adjusted through adaptive method. Firstly, the proposed control protocol eliminates the need for global information on the interaction topology of multi‐UAV systems, the calculation of Laplacian matrix eigenvalues is avoided and reduces the computational complexity of the system. Secondly, an algorithm with two steps is proposed to determine the distributed adaptive control gain matrices, where the feasibility condition of time‐varying formation of multi‐UAV systems is given. Then, the closed‐loop stability of multi‐UAV systems is proved through Lyapunov theory. Finally, numerical simulation is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Distributed economic optimisation of multi‐energy park operation based on cloud platform architecture considering network delivery capacity
Authors: Li Zenghui , Wang Qi , Chen Yan , Li Ning , Guo Yuchen , Liu Yuchi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo address the issues of node interaction power overrun and high carbon emissions that may arise during distributed optimization in multi‐energy parks (MEPs), this paper proposes a distributed low‐carbon and economic operation method for multi‐energy parks based on a cloud platform that considers network transmission capacity.The proposed method achieves maximun profit by designing a two layer collaborative architecture for distributed optimization operations. At the top level, cloud platform services are utilized to build a model for checking network transport capacity and carbon emission quotas, optimizing network node over‐limit inspection . The bottom layer constructs a distributed optimization model for multi‐energy complementation in each park, taking into account the information privacy and individual interests of each multi‐energy park. An improved alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is proposed to effectively solve the two‐layer framework. The case studies show that the distributed optimization method under cloud platform services proposed in this paper can achieve maximum revenue for integrated energy service provider while ensuring the safe operation of multi‐energy parks, and reasonably allocate the benefits of collaborative operation among various parks while promoting carbon emission reduction.
Target‐tracking algorithm based on improved probabilistic data association
Authors: Huang Xiaojie , Zhang Jiaguo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhen tracking a single manoeuvring target in clutter environment, when the number of effective measurements within the detection threshold is small, it usually has a greater and more obvious impact on target‐tracking results. If the observation data error is large at this time, the tracking position and speed error will be larger. To solve this problem, a target‐tracking algorithm based on improved probabilistic data association is proposed in this paper. By dynamically adjusting the detection threshold, the effective quantity within the detection threshold of each frame is basically stable. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm is more accurate in location and speed than the traditional probabilistic data association method and Kalman filter, and the availability and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified.
IRAS4A1: Multiwavelength continuum analysis of a very flared Class 0 disk
Authors: Guerra-Alvarado O. M. , van der Marel N. , Di Francesco J. , Looney L. W. , Tobin J. J. , Cox E. G. , Sheehan P. D. , Wilner D. J. , Macías E. , Carrasco-González C. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Understanding the formation of substructures in protoplanetary disks is vital for gaining insights into dust growth and the process of planet formation. Studying these substructures in highly embedded Class 0 objects using the Atacama Large Millimeter-submillimeter Array (ALMA), however, poses significant challenges. Nonetheless, it is imperative to do so to unravel the mechanisms and timing behind the formation of these substructures.
Aims. In this study, we present high-resolution ALMA data at Bands 6 and 4 of the NGC 1333 IRAS4A Class 0 protobinary system. This system consists of two components, A1 and A2, which are separated by 1.8″ and located in the Perseus molecular cloud at a distance of ~293 pc.
Methods. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the dust properties and formation of substructures in the early stages, we conducted a multiwavelength analysis of IRAS4A1. Additionally, we sought to address whether the lack of observed substructures in very young disks could be attributed to factors such as high degrees of disk flaring and large scale heights. To explore this phenomenon, we employed radiative transfer models using RADMC-3D. We employed different approaches and compared the model outcomes with our observational data. This comparison allowed us to gain insights into the challenges in detecting substructures in nascent disks and shed light on the potential influence of the dust scale height on observations of protoplanetary disks.
Results. The continuum data revealed the presence of two disks-envelopes around A1 and A2, along with structure connecting the two sources. Furthermore, spectral index measurements indicate lower optical depth within the A2 disk compared to the A1 disk. Our multiwavelength analysis of A1 discovered characteristics such as high dust surface density, substantial dust mass within the disk, and elevated dust temperatures. These findings suggest the presence of large dust grains compared to the ones in the interstellar medium (ISM), greater than 100 microns in size within the region. By employing RADMC-3D, we confirmed that increasing the scale height creates the appearance of an asymmetry in protoplanetary disks. Our findings indicate that a scale height of at least 0.3 (H/R) is necessary to produce this observed asymmetry. Furthermore, while there’s no direct detection of any substructure, our models indicate that some substructure, such as a small gap, must be present. However, reproducing the intensity profile along the major and minor axes necessitates considering other processes that may be occurring within the IRAS4A1 disk.
Conclusions. The result implies that disk substructures may be masked or obscured by a large scale height in combination with a high degree of flaring in Class 0 disks.
THROMKIDplus Patient Registry and Biomaterial Banking for Children with Inherited Platelet Disorders
Authors: Ballmaier Matthias , Germeshausen Manuela , Schulze Harald , Andres Oliver ,   on behalf of the THROMKIDplus Study Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractInherited platelet disorders (IPDs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders that include both quantitative (thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis) and qualitative (thrombocytopathy) defects. To gain better knowledge about the prevalence, pathogenesis, and clinical consequences of specific diseases, to improve diagnosis and treatment of patients with IPD, and to support translational research on a genetic, molecular, and physiological basis, the THROMKIDplus study group currently comprising 24 sites in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland decided to establish a patient registry with associated biomaterial banking for children. This registry is designed as a retrospective-prospective, multicenter observational study and supposed to launch in the second half of 2023. Blood smears, plasma, platelet pellets, and DNA of patients will be stored in certified biomaterial banks for future translational research projects. The main inclusion criteria are (1) diagnosis of or highly suspected IPD after assessment of a THROMKIDplus competence center and (2) patients aged 0 to 17 years. Initial and follow-up data on patient history, laboratory parameters, standardized documentation of bleeding tendency, and congenital defects are collected according to good clinical practice and current data protection acts by using the MARVIN platform, a broadly used data management system supported by the German Society for Pediatric Oncology Hematology (GPOH). The THROMKIDplus study group intends to enroll ∼200 patients retrospectively and an annual amount of ∼50 patients prospectively.
Identifying Barriers Faced by Applicants without a Home Residency Program when Matching into Plastic Surgery
Authors: Zeng Steven L. , Zhang Gloria X. , Porras Denisse F. , Curtis Caitrin M. , Glener Adam D. , Hernandez J. Andres , Tian William M. , Emovon Emmanuel O. , Phillips Brett T. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background Applying into plastic surgery (PS) is competitive. Lacking a home residency program (HRP) is another barrier. Our goal is to characterize challenges faced by PS applicants without HRPs and identify solutions.
Methods Surveys were designed for current integrated PS residents and applicants in the 2022 Match without HRPs. Surveys were distributed electronically. Only U.S. allopathic graduate responses were included.
Results Of 182 individuals surveyed, 74 responded (39%, 33 residents, 41 applicants). Sixty-six percent reported feeling disadvantaged due to lack of an HRP. Seventy-six percent of applicants successfully matched. Of these, 48% felt they required academic time off (research year) versus 10% of unmatched applicants. Ninety-seven percent of matched applicants identified a mentor versus 40% of unmatched applicants (p < 0.05). Matched applicants identified mentors through research (29%) and cold calling/emailing (25%). Matched versus unmatched applicants utilized the following resources: senior students (74 vs. 10%, p < 0.05) and social media (52 vs. 10%, p < 0.05). Among residents, 16 had PS divisions (48%). Thirty-six percent with divisions felt they had opportunities to explore PS, compared with 12% without divisions. Residents without divisions felt disadvantaged in finding research (94 vs. 65%, p < 0.05), delayed in deciding on PS (50 vs. 28%), and obtaining mentors (44 vs. 35%) and letters of recommendation (31 vs. 24%).
Conclusion PS residents and applicants without HRPs reported feeling disadvantaged when matching. The data suggest that access to departments or divisions assists in matching. We identified that external outreach and research were successful strategies to obtain mentorship. To increase awareness for unaffiliated applicants, we should increase networking opportunities during local, regional, and national meetings.
Debating the implications of the Pretoria Agreement for Ethiopia: countering attempts to silence alternative voices
Authors: Gebresenbet Fana , Tariku Yonas 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARY
Following an earlier piece by the authors debating the importance of the Pretoria Agreement (or Cessation of Hostilities Agreement) concluded in November 2022, this piece sets out their formal response to and rebuttal of blog comments received on Roape.net (Gebrehiwot et al. 2023), and also of comments in a debate piece by J. Abbink (2023) published in this issue of the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE). The authors here contest the views put forward as lacking engagement with their arguments and mischaracterising their views.
The Effect of Exchange Interaction on Phase Transition Behavior of Magnetic Nanotubes
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Wang Miaomiao , Zhao Yingjie , Yao Guangrui , Gao Fei , Zhang Guoqiang , Ji Yanfang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the phase diagram of the Blume-Capel model under exchange interaction between lattice points in different positions in magnetic nanotube lattice is studied with effective field theory. The research shows that the interaction between nearest neighbors and the lattice field strength strongly influences the system’s three critical points and phase transition temperature. Under certain conditions, there are three critical points in the system. That is, the relationship between the crucial points is linear from the second-order phase transition to the first-order phase transition. First-order phase transition replaces second-order phase transition in the system’s phase transition. The findings demonstrate that exchange interaction significantly affects the system’s phase transition, and they offer a theoretical framework for both industrial production and experimental study.
The Topological Phase Transitions near the Exceptional Point of a Non-Hermitian Electromagnetic Lattice Model
Authors: Zi Chenghui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we take the double-layer three-component non-Hermitian Lieb lattice system as an example to discuss the topological properties of the non-Hermitian lattice point electromagnetic field system. The topological phase transitions of the Lieb lattice system near the exceptional point are analyzed by calculating the topological invariants. We find that there are abundant topological phase transitions near the exceptional point. This study will help us explore more topological physical phenomena of electromagnetic fields of lattice systems in condensed-matter physics.
A Circularly-polarized Patch Antenna for BDS Applications
Authors: Ma Zhenyang , Huang Xinyi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The BDS (Beidou) Navigation Satellite System has been a powerful tool in real-time navigation and positioning. In the transitional stage between BDS-2 and BDS-3, it would be a top priority to ensure the antenna is compatible with the two systems. In our investigations, a circularly-polarized (CP) patch antenna is proposed for receiving B1I signals. This antenna is a newly designed slit-loaded square patch structure. The T-shape structure with F-shape slots is deployed on each edge of the antenna, and a single feed is employed to excite right-hand CP radiation. In simulations, all the parameters of the antenna are optimized through Ansys HFSS. In experiments, the processed antenna is further testified, where the measured bandwidth is compared with the simulated one to verify the effectiveness of the antenna.
Real-time Detection System for Portable Transient Electromagnetic Unexploded Ordnance
Authors: Tang Minghao , Zeng Qingning , Wang Lijie , Yu Kexing , Ouyang Sihong , Chen Shudong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Portable transient electromagnetic systems are not limited by terrain and can detect unexploded ordnance very flexibly. However, existing data processing methods are slow and cannot achieve real-time positioning of targets. In this paper, based on a laboratory-made portable transient electromagnetic detection system, the magnetic dipole model and tensor positioning algorithm are used to achieve fast and accurate target positioning. Using the magnetic gradient tensor algorithm for positioning reduces the calculation load, allowing it to run on embedded systems, and improving target positioning speed while ensuring the accuracy of measurements. Experimental results show that the vertical and horizontal positioning errors of the UXO are within 10 cm, and single-point positioning can be completed within 10 ms.
Robust methods for controlling casting processes and the quality of castings
Authors: Ponomarenko O I , Yevtushenko S D , Yevtushenko N S , Berlizieva T V , Vorobiov M M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper considers the ways of controlling the processes of producing good-quality castings by using robust methods based on the identification of objects under uncertainty, adaptive control methods, stabilization methods for automatic control systems and their mathematical description. The purpose of the paper is to practically elaborate on the task of creating robust technologies for casting based on the study of the stochastic dispersion models of the casting process parameters and to develop a method for stabilizing the casting processes and a method for stabilizing the quality parameters of the castings. The regular patterns of the stochastic dispersion of the casting process parameters were investigated based on the mechanical performance of the casting alloys, their chemical composition, the physical and mechanical properties of the molding mixtures, the dimensions of the castings, and the features of the casting production process such as pouring temperature, element loss during melting and mold hardness. The results of the conducted investigations have shown that to describe the stochastic dispersion of the casting process parameters, it is appropriate to use the Johnson system of distributions. A method for stabilizing the casting quality parameters was developed. It has been shown that it is more efficient to stabilize the strength and improve the dimensional accuracy of the casting simultaneously. With the existing production process, the dimensional accuracy of the casting corresponds to Grade 11 according to GOST 26645-85. With the increase of the dimensional accuracy grade, the metal content of the casting can be reduced by 16.3% after reaching Grade 10, by 20.4% after reaching Grade 9, and by 24.2% after reaching Grade 8.
Improvement of terrestrial storage-shelter facilities for natural gas storage as part of gas hydrates
Authors: Pedchenko N M , Pedchenko L O , Pedchenko M M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Natural gas in the gas hydrates form is proposed to be stored in improved shell gas-resistant structures. The improvement of the construction and the operation method of these buildings consists in the use of liquid foam as a thermal insulation material. The design and operation technology of a terrestrial shelter facility for the accumulation and storage of natural gas as a gas hydrate is proposed, the main element of which is a frameless gas-resistant shelter in the form of at least two dome-shaped gas-tight soft shells on a thermally insulated base, the space between which is filled with liquid foam. The use of these hydrate shelters will significantly increase the efficiency and competitiveness of natural gas storage technology in the gas hydrates form.
Temporal dynamics of steppe plant communities
Authors: Podpriatov O O 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Global climate change affects the conditions of ecosystems. However, the nature of changes induced by climatic factors remains unknown due to the complex nature of climatic transformations. The global trend of temperature increase is associated with an increase in precipitation and changes in its rhythm. The dynamics of plant communities under the influence of climate occurs against the background of natural successional phenomena. The aim of the study is to develop methodological approaches in order to identify aspects of vegetation variability that are caused by global climate change and give them an ecological interpretation. Geobotanical descriptions of vegetation in steppe ecosystems were carried out over the last 20 years. Exactly in this period dramatic climatic changes were observed, which allows to compare climatic and vegetation trends. For ecological interpretation the results of ordination of plant communities were explained with the help of phytoindication scales. Plant communities exhibit dynamics that are driven by endogenous and exogenous causes. These aspects of community dynamics were differentiated using the ordination procedure as different ordination axes. The axes that reflect endogenous dynamics were described using temporal variables. The axes that reflect exogenous dynamics were described using phytoindication scales. The phytoindication scales made it possible to assess the ecological directions of plant community transformation under the influence of global climate change. The transformation of the plant community under the influence of global climate change is inconsistent with the concepts of desertification. The revealed temporal patterns of the plant community have a complex and multidirectional trajectory. The plant community studied over the twenty-year investigation period exhibited a dynamic that is a superposition of two processes that are driven by the temperature and precipitation. The temperature trend is directional and reflects the tendency of global warming. This trend is accompanied by an increase in species richness and projective cover of the plant community. At the same time, thermophilicity and continentality of the community increase against the decrease of soil trophic status, acidity increase and soil carbonation decrease. Obviously, along with the mineralization of organic matter, the soil decarbonization can also be the cause of increased carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere as a result of global warming. The trend, which is regulated by precipitation, is oscillatory. This trend changes the regime of moisture, light and cryoclimate of the plant community.