bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooling of lithium‐ion battery pack using different configurations of flexible baffled channels
Authors: Lazim Adam Adil , Ismael Muneer A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rated temperature and its uniformity of lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) battery (LIB) pack are the main demands for safe and efficient operation. This paper investigates an air cooling system of a pack of five prismatic LIB's generating considerable heat through discharging energy. The cooling system is a three‐dimensional channel with flexible baffles of different arrangements installed on the walls of the channel to lower and regulate the temperature of the batteries. Three arrangements of these baffles are studied, transverse; L‐shaped and staggered. The study is formulated as turbulent fluid–structure interaction and solved numerically using the finite elements method. The study was conducted for five spaces between batteries, S = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm and three different inlet air velocities, Uin = 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s. It was found that the flexible baffles guide the coolant towards the batteries smoothly with less pressure drop and this significantly improves the performance of the battery thermal management system due to the reduction of the maximum temperature and temperature variation as well. The staggered arrangement of the baffles shows the most effective configuration, where the maximum temperature difference between batteries is only 1.85°C for S = 1 mm and Uin = 2 m/s.
Structures and stability of I2 and ICl complexes with pyridine: Ab initio and DFT study
Authors: Pomogaeva Anna V. , Lisovenko Anna S. , Timoshkin Alexey Y. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTheoretical investigation of thermodynamic stability and bonding features of possible isomers of the molecular and ionic complexes of pyridine with molecular iodine and iodine monochloride IX (X = I,Cl) is presented. M06‐2X DFT functional is found to provide bond distances and dissociation energies which are close to those obtained at high‐level ab initio CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pvtz//CCSD/aug‐cc‐pvtz benchmark computations for the most stable isomers, formed via donation of a lone pair of nitrogen atom of pyridine to the iodine atom. These isomers are by 23–33 kJ mol−1 (in case of I2) and by 39–56 kJ mol−1 (in case of ICl) more stable than other molecular complexes. T‐shaped π‐σ* bonded isomers turn out to be energetically comparable with van der Waals bound compounds. Among the ionic isomers, structures featuring [IPy2]+ cation with I3− or ICl2− counterions are more stable. Oligomerization favors ionic isomers starting from the tetrameric clusters of the composition (IX)4Py4.
Black and Hispanic predoctoral dental students’ perceptions and considerations of careers in academic dentistry
Authors: Burns Lorel E. , Makiling Mark , Pezzullo Cheryline , Wilson Tiffany E. , Hamilton Elizabeth S. , Davis Gerald , Fleming Eleanor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDental schools aim to train and support a diverse dentist workforce. Among all faculty, full‐time and part‐time faculty who identify as members of historically underrepresented groups are 13.9% and 8.4%, respectively. The recruitment and retention of faculty is a known challenge, with growing faculty vacancies at dental schools. This study explored dental student perceptions of academic careers, specifically focusing on Black and Hispanic predoctoral students.MethodsFrom August to November 2022, we conducted focus group with second‐, third‐, and fourth‐year predoctoral dental students who identified as Black or Hispanic using a semi‐structured interview guide that was developed for this study. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged: (1) students perceived academic dental dentistry as inclusive but not diverse spaces for Black and Hispanic people; (2) academic dental careers were perceived as secondary careers; (3) academic dental careers were perceived as a career option with a lack of autonomy and less income, compared to clinical practice in other settings; (4) students expressed a lack of knowledge about pathways to academic dental careers. Despite these challenges, students expressed interest in academic dental careers and noted being inspired by younger faculty members.ConclusionDental schools must do more to encourage dental students to consider careers in academic dentistry. Pathway programs, mentoring, and the presentation of academic careers as a viable career option for students by faculty should be further emphasized practices. Increasing the diversity of faculty members is also key. Students cannot be who they cannot see.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Fetal Micrognathia at 11–20 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Wu Siqi , Han Jin , Duan Guanhua , Xue Jiaxin , Huang Ruchun , Wu Liping , Yan Xiuyan , Pi Huichun , Yang Xin 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate the prognosis of fetuses diagnosed with micrognathia using prenatal ultrasound screening.MethodsBetween January 2019 and December 2022, a normal range of IFA to evaluate the facial profile in fetuses with micrognathia in a Chinese population between 11 and 20 gestational weeks was established, and the pregnancy outcomes of fetal micrognathia were described. The medical records of these pregnancies were collected, including family history, maternal demographics, sonographic findings, genetic testing results, and pregnancy outcomes.ResultsUltrasound identified 25 patients with fetal micrognathia, with a mean IFA value of 43.6°. All cases of isolated fetal micrognathia in the initial scans were non‐isolated in the following scans. A total of 78.9% (15/19) cases had a genetic cause confirmed, including 12 with chromosomal abnormalities and 3 with monogenic disorders. Monogenic disorders were all known causes of micrognathia, including two cases of campomelic dysplasia affected by SOX9 mutations and one case of mandibulofacial dysostosis with an EFTUD2 mutation. In the end, 19 cases were terminated, 1 live birth was diagnosed as Pierre Robin syndrome, and 5 cases were lost to follow‐up.ConclusionIFA is a useful indicator and three‐dimensional ultrasound is a significant support technique for fetal micrognathia prenatal diagnosis. Repeat ultrasound monitoring and genetic testing are crucial, with CMA recommended and Whole exome sequencing performed when normal arrays are reported. Isolated fetal micrognathia may be an early manifestation of monogenic disorders.
Waveguide‐Based On‐Chip Photothermal Spectroscopy for Gas Sensing
Authors: Zheng Kaiyuan , Pi Mingquan , Huang Yijun , Peng Zihang , Zhao Huan , Song Fang , Bao Haihong , Jiang Shoulin , Ho Hoi Lut , Zheng Chuantao , Jin Wei , Zhang Yu , Wang Yiding 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOn‐chip waveguide spectroscopic sensors have attracted considerable attention due to its potential for large‐scale integration. However, existing waveguide gas sensors based on direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) suffer from limited sensitivity and measurement range. Here waveguide‐based on‐chip photothermal spectroscopy (PTS) is demonstrated for gas detection with high sensitivity and large dynamic range. On‐chip photothermal field due to non‐radiation relaxation of gas molecules and the resulted photothermal phase modulation are analyzed. By selecting chalcogenide glass (ChG) as the core‐layer material and fabricating thermally‐isolated ChG‐on‐SU8 waveguide for thermal field accumulation, a twofold increase in photothermal phase modulation is achieved as compared to ChG‐on‐SiO2 waveguides. Different from the major concern of multi‐path etalon noise in DAS, piezoelectric transducer noise in the interferometer is identified as the main source in this PTS. For a fair comparison, acetylene (C2H2) detection experiments are conducted using PTS and DAS with a 2 cm‐long ChG‐on‐SU8 waveguide. A remarkable sensitivity of 4 parts‐per‐million (ppm) is achieved, which is 16 times better than that of DAS. The dynamic range extends over five orders of magnitude for PTS, ≈3 orders of magnitude larger than that of DAS. Such high performance opens the possibility of fully‐integrated chip‐level sensors for low‐power, light‐weight applications.
Properties of local orthonormal systems Part I: Unconditionality in Lp$L^p$, 1<p<∞$1&lt;p&lt;\infty$
Authors: Gulgowski Jacek , Kamont Anna , Passenbrunner Markus 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAssume that we are given a filtration on a probability space of the form that each is generated by the partition of one atom of into two atoms of having positive measure. Additionally, assume that we are given a finite‐dimensional linear space of ‐measurable, bounded functions on so that on each atom of any ‐algebra , all ‐norms of functions in are comparable independently of or . Denote by the space of functions that are given locally, on atoms of , by functions in and by the orthoprojector (with respect to the inner product in ) onto . Since satisfies the above assumption and is then the conditional expectation with respect to , for such filtrations, martingales are special cases of our setting. We show in this article that certain convergence results that are known for martingales (or rather martingale differences) are also true in the general framework described above. More precisely, we show that the differences form an unconditionally convergent series and are democratic in for . This implies that those differences form a greedy basis in ‐spaces for .
Serratia‐based toxin cluster elements are associated with a type I fimbria
Authors: Sitter Lesley , Schoof Marion , Glare Travis R. , Cox Murray P. , Fineran Peter C. , Gardner Paul P. , Hurst Mark R. H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA soil bacterium in the Serratia genus, carrying a 153 kb conjugative amber disease‐associated plasmid (pADAP), is commercially exploited for population control of the New Zealand endemic pest beetle Costelytra giveni (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The main insecticidal elements are an anti‐feeding prophage and the Sep ABC toxin complex (Tc). Homologs of pADAP, encoding variant Tcs, convey different beetle disease phenotypes. To investigate the correlation between variable bioactivity and the Tc variant, 76 Serratia plasmids were sequenced, resulting in the identification of four additional tc variants. All Serratia tc variants were found to be colocated with a conserved type 1 sef fimbrial‐like operon, indicating a conserved sef‐tc genetic island not observed outside of the Serratia genus. The conserved co‐location of the fimbrial and tc genes suggests the fimbriae somehow contribute to the lifestyle of Tc‐producing cells. Expression of the sef operon in a fim‐null Escherichia coli strain revealed fimbriae presence while a constructed sef‐deficient mutant showed no reduction of virulence or host colonization. Although no detectable contribution of Sef to amber disease in C. giveni was observed, the Sef adhesin sequences clustered similarly to the Serratia species encoding it, suggesting Sef has a species‐specific function.
Trendbericht Festkörperchemie und Materialforschung 2024
Authors: Rasche Bertold , Schwartz Heidi Annemarie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSchwerpunkte sind die Effizienz von Synthesen, deren Nachhaltigkeit oder Materialien für eine CO2‐emissionsärmere Zukunft. Neben der gesellschaftlichen Dringlichkeit, hervorgerufen durch den Klimawandel, ist dieser Umschwung dadurch motiviert, dass Drittmittel vor allem für Anwendungsforschung vergeben werden. Bei dieser lösungsorientierten Festkörperforschung verschmelzen klassische Chemie, Physik und Materialwissenschaften. Dennoch bleiben Grundlagenthemen essenziell.
Long term cost outcomes among commercially insured patients undergoing bariatric surgical procedures
Authors: Shambhu Sonali , Ma Qinli , Gordon Aliza S. , Pryor David , Karam Joseph A. , DeVries Andrea 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveBariatric procedures have become safer in recent years, warranting new data on long‐term costs. This study examined the impact of bariatric procedures on a person's long‐term healthcare costs up to 10 years and if it differed by socio‐economic status (SES).MethodsThis retrospective observational study compared the downstream health care cost of patients with obesity who had undergone bariatric surgery (BS) between 2009 and 2018 to a 1:1 matched group of members with obesity but no surgery.Results167,764 individuals from administrative claims data with an obesity diagnosis were included; 83,882 in the BS group and 83,882 in the non‐surgical group. In follow‐up years 2–10, the BS group was associated with lower total medical healthcare cost compared to the non‐surgical group (cost ratios ranged 0.85–0.93, p values < 0.05). When stratifying the BS group by SES quartiles, there were no significant cost differences by SES (cost ratios ranged from 0.96 to 1.05, most p values > 0.05).ConclusionsBS was associated with lower long‐term follow‐up medical cost and cost savings appeared similar among the SES quartiles in the BS group. The study results may help policy makers and employers in designing benefits and extending coverage for bariatric surgical procedures.
Psychosocial interventions for ovarian cancer survivors: A systematic review
Authors: Yeoh Su Ann , Webb Stephanie , Phillips Anna , Li Lok Sze Katrina , Kumar Saravana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesOvarian cancer survivorship is complex and is associated with greater symptom burden, fear of reoccurrence, sexual dysfunction, lower quality of life and heightened existential distress in contrast to other cancers. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effectiveness for, and perspective of, psychosocial interventions encompassing psychological, social, and emotional support, tailored to, or involving ovarian cancer survivors at all stages of disease.MethodsAdhering to the PRISMA‐SR statement guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane Library databases, Google, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently undertook a two‐stage screening process. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was utilised to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Data were extracted using customised data extraction tools and narratively synthesised.ResultsThirteen studies were included in this review. Generally positive effects of psychosocial interventions were observed across a range of outcome domains (meaning enhancing, cognitive, social, emotional, and cancer‐specific). However, the characteristics of interventions and outcome measures varied across studies. Psychoeducational interventions were identified as the most common psychosocial approach, while Acceptance and Commitment Therapy showed promise in addressing the disease's high symptom burden. Women's perspectives of psychosocial interventions were described as “useful” and promoted positive self‐regard.ConclusionWhile the evidence base largely support positive effects of psychosocial interventions for ovarian cancer survivors, this finding is constrained by heterogeneity of interventions and modest gains. Future research may explore the standardisation of psychosocial interventions for this demographic, investigating its effects on less explored but prevalent concerns among ovarian cancer survivors such as fear of cancer recurrence and sexual dysfunction.
Lung biopsies in infants and children in critical care situation
Authors: Levy Yaël , Bitton Lauren , Sileo Chiara , Rambaud Jérôme , Soreze Yohan , Louvrier Camille , Ducou le Pointe Hubert , Corvol Harriet , Hervieux Erik , Irtan Sabine , Leger Pierre‐Louis , Prévost Blandine , Coulomb L'Herminé Aurore , Nathan Nadia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionLung biopsy is considered as the last step investigation for diagnosing lung diseases; however, its indication must be carefully balanced with its invasiveness. The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic yield of lung biopsy in critically ill patients hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU).Material and MethodsChildren who underwent a lung biopsy in the ICU between 1995 and 2022 were included. Biopsies performed in the operating room and post‐mortem biopsies were excluded.ResultsThirty‐one patients were included, with a median age of 18 days (2 days to 10.8 years); 21 (67.7%) were newborns. All patients required invasive mechanical ventilation, 26 (89.7%) had a pulmonary hypertension, and 22 (70.9%) were placed under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The lung biopsy led to a diagnosis in 81% of the patients. The diagnostic reliability seemed to decrease with age (95% in newborns, 71% in 1 month to 2 years and 0/3 patients aged over 2 years old). Diffuse developmental disorders of the lung accounted for 15 (49%) patients, primarily alveolar capillary dysplasia, followed by surfactant disorders in 5 (16%) patients. Complications occurred in 9/31 (29%) patients including eight under ECMO, with massive hemorrhages in seven cases.Discussion and ConclusionIn critical situations, lung biopsy should be performed. Lung biopsy is a reliable diagnostic procedure for neonates in critical situation when a diffuse developmental disorder of the lung is suspected. The majority of lung biopsy complication was associated with the use of ECMO. The prospective evaluation of the complications of such procedure under ECMO, and particularly over 10 days of ECMO and in children over 2‐year‐old remains to be ascertained.
Multilayer neurocontrol of high‐order uncertain nonlinear systems with active disturbance rejection
Authors: Yang Guichao , Yao Jianyong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultilayer neural networks can approximate endogenous disturbances with relatively high accuracy. However, for multilayer‐neural‐network‐based control methods of high‐order uncertain nonlinear systems, hard to handle large exogenous disturbances especially for mismatched types, complex controller scheme and so on, make them difficult to be practical. Therefore, a novel high‐performance multilayer neurocontroller which can simultaneously reject matched and mismatched disturbances will be proposed in this paper. Specially, strong endogenous and exogenous disturbances will be feedforwardly compensated. Additionally, the proposed controller not only protects from “explosion of complexity,” but also owns a simple scheme.
Secure group consensus of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with multiple attacks under periodic event‐triggered control
Authors: Duan Zhiyu , Wei Airong , Zhang Xianfu 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIn this paper, the secure group consensus is investigated via periodic event‐triggered output feedback control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems subject to multiple attacks, where replay attacks and denial‐of‐service attacks are considered simultaneously. To avoid uninterrupted communication between agents, a novel fixed/switching continuous‐discrete compensator is first put forward by introducing a discrete‐time triggering mechanism in relative output signals. Then, with the help of the gain control technique, a compensator‐based periodic event‐triggered secure control protocol is established, which includes a triggering mechanism and an output feedback controller that both are discrete‐time. Particularly, Zeno behavior and continuous monitoring of the triggering function are naturally avoided compared with existing event‐triggered control protocols. Further, by combining the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional approach with switching topology theory, the secure group consensus is successfully achieved under the designed secure control protocol, meanwhile, the negative effect of multiple attacks on the system is compensated. Finally, two simulation examples are applied to verify the effectiveness of proposed control protocols.
Ultralow RuO2 Doped NiS2 Heterojunction as a Multifunctional Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution linking to Biomass Organics Oxidation
Authors: Yang Zhou , Chen Hanbing , Bei Shaoyi , Bao Keyan , Zhang Chunyong , Xiang Meng , Yu Chengbin , Dong Shuang , Qin Hengfei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrogen energy and biomass energy are green and sustainable forms that can solve the energy crisis all over the world. Electrocatalytic water splitting is a marvelous way to produce hydrogen and biomass platform molecules can be added into the electrolyte to reduce the overpotential and meanwhile are converted into some useful organics, but the key point is the design of electrocatalyst. Herein, ultralow noble metal Ru is doped into NiS2 to form RuO2@NiS2 heterojunction. Amongst them, the 0.06 RuO2@NiS2 has low overpotentials of 363 mV for OER and 71 mV for HER in 1 m KOH, which are superior to the RuO2 and Pt/C. Besides, the 0.06 RuO2@NiS2 shows a low overpotential of 173 mV in 1 m KOH+0.1 m glycerol, and the glycerol is oxidized to glyceraldehyde and formic acid via the high Faraday efficiency GlyOR process, and the splitting voltage is only 1.17 V. In addition, the 0.06 RuO2@NiS2 has a low overpotential of 206 mV in 1 m KOH+0.1 m glucose, and the glucose is converted to glucaric acid, lactic acid, and formic acid. This work has a “one stone three birds” effect for the production of hydrogen, low splitting voltage, and high‐value‐added biomass chemicals.
Plasma‐Engineering of Oxygen Vacancies on NiCo2O4 Nanowires with Enhanced Bifunctional Electrocatalytic Performance for Rechargeable Zinc‐air Battery
Authors: Li He , Wang Jihao , Tjardts Tim , Barg Igor , Qiu Haoyi , Müller Martin , Krahmer Jan , Askari Sadegh , Veziroglu Salih , Aktas Cenk , Kienle Lorenz , Benedikt Jan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDesigning an efficient, durable, and inexpensive bifunctional electrocatalyst toward oxygen evolution reactions (OER) and oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) remains a significant challenge for the development of rechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). The generation of oxygen vacancies plays a vital role in modifying the surface properties of transition‐metal‐oxides (TMOs) and thus optimizing their electrocatalytic performances. Herein, a H2/Ar plasma is employed to generate abundant oxygen vacancies at the surfaces of NiCo2O4 nanowires. Compared with the Ar plasma, the H2/Ar plasma generated more oxygen vacancies at the catalyst surface owing to the synergic effect of the Ar‐related ions and H‐radicals in the plasma. As a result, the NiCo2O4 catalyst treated for 7.5 min in H2/Ar plasma exhibited the best bifunctional electrocatalytic activities and its gap potential between Ej = 10 for OER and E1/2 for ORR is even smaller than that of the noble‐metal‐based catalyst. In situ electrochemical experiments are also conducted to reveal the proposed mechanisms for the enhanced electrocatalytic performance. The rechargeable ZABs, when equipped with cathodes utilizing the aforementioned catalyst, achieved an outstanding charge–discharge gap, as well as superior cycling stability, outperforming batteries employing noble‐metal catalyst counterparts.
An Inducible CRISPR‐dCas9‐Based Transcriptional Repression System for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gu Pengfei , Zhao Jie , Zhang Wei , Ruan Xianhui , Hu Linfei , Zeng Yu , Hou Xiukun , Zheng Xiangqian , Gao Ming , Chi Jiadong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGene therapy has been adapted for improving malignant tumor treatment. However, pharmacotherapies targeting cancer remain limited and are generally inapplicable for rare disease patients. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a plant‐derived triterpenoid that is frequently used in Chinese medicine as a safe but slow‐acting treatment for many disorders. Here, the congruent pharmacological activities of OA and CRISPR‐dCas9 in targeting AURKA or KDM1A and improving disease‐specific prognosis and used a synthetic‐biology‐inspired design principle to engineer a therapeutic gene circuit that enables a concerted action of both drugs are utilized. In particular, the OA‐triggered CRISPR‐dCas9 transcriptional repression system rapidly and simultaneously attenuated lung and thyroid cancer. Collectively, this work shows that rationally engineered synthetic gene circuits are capable of treating multifactorial diseases in a synergistic manner by multiplexing the targeting efficiencies of single therapeutics.