bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A key to wine conservation lies in the glass–cork interface
Authors: Chanut Julie , Bellat Jean-Pierre , Gougeon Régis D , Karbowiak Thomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the evolution of the oxygen barrier properties of the bottleneck–stopper system under conditions simulating the conservation of wine in the bottle (presence of model wine, storage position, and temperature) over a long aging period of 24 months. The results highlighted that the oxygen diffusion coefficient of the stopper alone is not modified regardless of the storage conditions. At 20°C, the presence of model wine favors oxygen transfer at the glass–cork interface, accounting for nearly 75% of total oxygen transfer in comparison to cork studied without model wine. Yet, the position of the bottle during storage, vertical (i.e. cork in contact with the vapor phase of the model wine) or horizontal (i.e. cork in contact with the liquid phase), does not influence the oxygen transfer. At higher storage temperatures (35 and 50°C), the barrier properties of the bottleneck–cork system remain stable up to 9 and 3 months, respectively. After this period, an alteration of the barrier properties is observed with an increase of the transfer at the glass–cork interface.
Specialty preference for cardiovascular prevention practice in the Southeast US and role of a preventive cardiologist
Authors: Ponir Cynthia , Seals Austin , Caldarera Trevor , Ip Edward H , German Charles A , Taylor Yhenneko , Moore Justin B , Bosworth Hayden B , Shapiro Michael D , Pokharel Yashashwi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention is practiced concurrently by providers from several specialties. Our goal was to understand providers’ preference of specialties in CVD prevention practice and the role of preventive cardiologists.

Materials and Methods
Between 11 October 2021 and 1 March 2022, we surveyed providers from internal medicine, family medicine, endocrinology, and cardiology specialties to examine their preference of specialties in managing various domains of CVD prevention. We examined categorical variables using Chi square test and continuous variables using t or analysis of variance test.

Results
Of 956 invitees, 263 from 21 health systems and 9 states responded. Majority of respondents were women (54.5%), practicing physicians (72.5%), specializing in cardiology (43.6%), and working at academic centers (51.3%). Respondents favored all specialties to prescribe statins (43.2%), ezetimibe (37.8%), sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (30.5%), and aspirin in primary prevention (36.3%). Only 7.9% and 9.5% selected cardiologists and preventive cardiologists, respectively, to prescribe SGLT2 inhibitors. Most preferred specialists (i.e. cardiology and endocrinology) to manage advanced lipid disorders, refractory hypertension, and premature coronary heart disease. The most common conditions selected for preventive cardiologists to manage were genetic lipid disorders (17%), cardiovascular risk assessment (15%), dyslipidemia (13%), and refractory/resistant hypertension (12%).

Conclusions
For CVD prevention practice, providers favored all specialties to manage common conditions, specialists to manage complex conditions, and preventive cardiologists to manage advanced lipid disorders. Cardiologists were least preferred to prescribe SGLT2 inhibitor. Future research should explore reasons for selected CVD prevention practice preferences to optimize care coordination and for effective use of limited expertise.
Local drug delivery systems for the inner ear
Authors: Dong Xuelian , Li Huaqiong , Zuo Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Recent advancements in molecular biology have led to a better understanding of the mechanisms associated with sensorineural hearing loss and other inner ear diseases. These developments offer hope for new treatment approaches benefiting millions of patients. However, drug therapy for the cochlea presents significant challenges, necessitating the development of innovative technologies to ensure safe and effective delivery of therapeutic compounds. Among these emerging technologies, microfluidic-based delivery systems are gaining attention as a promising method for direct intracochlear administration. Ultimately, these systems have the potential to provide sustained release of regenerative compounds, thereby restoring hearing in patients suffering from various auditory conditions.

Key findings
This article provides a comprehensive review of recent progress in the field of intracochlear drug delivery systems. In addition, the review encompasses passive systems, such as osmotic pumps, as well as active microfluidic devices. Moreover, the article discusses the integration of these delivery systems with existing cochlear implants. The primary objective is to offer a concise overview of the current state of development for intracochlear drug delivery systems, which can be combined with emerging therapeutic compounds to effectively treat inner ear diseases.

Conclusions
The safe and effective treatment of auditory diseases requires the development of microscale delivery devices capable of extended operation and direct application to the inner ear. To achieve this, significant advancements in miniaturization and integration of multiple functions are necessary. These functions include drug storage, delivery, power management, and sensing, ultimately enabling closed-loop control and timed-sequence delivery devices for the treatment of these diseases.
Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil protects against bisphenol A-induced hepatotoxicity by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Aja Patrick Maduabuchi , Chukwu Chinecherem Adanna , Ugwu Okechukwu Paul-Chima , Ale Boniface Anthony , Agu Peter Chinedu , Deusdedi Tusubira , C. Chukwu Darlington , Ani Onyedika Gabriel , Ekpono Ezebuilo Ugbala , Ogwoni Hilary Akobi , Awoke Joshua Nonso , Ogbu Patience N , Aja Lucy , Ugochukwu Ukachi Oliver , Uche Orji Obasi , Peter Nweke Chinoso , Egwu Chinedu , Ugbala Ekpono Ejike , Onyinyechi Ewa Gift , Igwenyi Ikechuku Okorie , Ugo Alum Esther , Ejim Uti Daniel , Emeka Offor Christian , Ifie Josiah E , Njoku Amaobichukwu , Ekenechukwu Kenneth Maduagwunna , Daniel Eze Ejike 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study looked at how Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil (CMSO) affected male Wistar albino rats’ liver damage caused by bisphenol A (BPA).

Methods
The standard HPLC method was used to assess the CMSO’s phenolic content. Then, six (n = 8) groups of 48 male Wistar rats (150 20 g) each received either CMSO or olive oil before being exposed to BPA for 42 days. Groups: A (1 ml of olive oil, regardless of weight), B (BPA 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)), C (CMSO 7.5 mg/kg BW), D (CMSO 7.5 mg/kg BW + BPA 100 mg/kg BW), E (CMSO 5.0 mg/kg BW + BPA 100 mg/kg BW), and F (CMSO 2.5 mg/kg BW + BPA 100 mg/kg BW).

Key findings
A surprising abundance of flavonoids, totalling 17.8006 10.95 g/100 g, were found in the HPLC data. Malondialdehyde, liver enzymes, reactive oxygen species, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin levels were all significantly elevated by BPA (P = 0.05). Additionally, nuclear factor-B, interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumour necrosis factor, and histological alterations were all considerably (P = 0.05) caused by BPA. The altered biochemical markers and histology were, however, noticeably recovered by CMSO to a level that was comparable to the control.

Conclusions
Due to the abundance of flavonoid components in the oil, CMSO protects the liver from BPA-induced hepatotoxicity by lowering oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions.
Partial replacement of soybean meal with full-fat black soldier fly larvae meal in plant-based nursery diets did not influence fecalEscherichia colicolony forming units or improve fecal consistency when pigs were weaned into non-disinfected pens
Authors: Christensen B , Zhu C , Niazy M , McCullough T , Ricker N , Huber L 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAt weaning, one hundred pigs (21 d of age; 6.96 ± 0.23 kg BW) were used to determine the effect of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) in corn- and SBM-based nursery diets on growth performance, fecal scores, Escherichia coli (E. coli) colony forming units (CFU), and cecal mucosal microbial profile when weaned into non-disinfected nursery pens. Pens were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments (n = 5): high-complexity (contained highly digestible animal proteins and 10.8% SBM) with and without 3,000 ppm ZnO (HC + and HC−, respectively; representative of commercial diets), low-complexity (corn- and SBM-based; 31.8% SBM; LC), or LC with 30% inclusion of full-fat black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) to partially replace SBM (LCFL; 8.0% SBM). Diets were fed for 14 d (phase I), followed by 4 wk of a common corn-SBM diet (phase II). Fecal E. coli CFU and cecal mucosal microbial 16s rRNA community profiles were assessed 7 d after weaning. During phase I, pigs fed LC and LCFL had lower average daily gains (P &lt; 0.05) than pigs fed HC + and HC−, which were not different. Average daily feed intake was not different for pigs fed LC and LCFL, but lower than for pigs fed HC− (P &lt; 0.001); pigs fed HC + had greater feed intake in phase I vs. all other treatment groups (P &lt; 0.001). Upon nursery exit, only pigs fed LCFL had lower BW than pigs fed HC− (P &lt; 0.05), with intermediate values observed for HC + and LC. Day 3 fecal scores were greater for pigs fed LCFL vs. HC + (P &lt; 0.05) and day 7 E. coli CFU were greater for all treatment groups vs. HC + (P &lt; 0.001). Pigs fed HC− (P &lt; 0.01), LC (P &lt; 0.05), and LCFL (P &lt; 0.05) had lower alpha diversity for cecal mucosal microbiota compared to HC+. At the genus level, pigs fed LC had lower Lactobacillus relative abundance vs. pigs fed HC + (P &lt; 0.01). Therefore, BSFLM can partially replace SBM without sacrificing growth performance vs. nursery pigs fed corn- and SBM-based diets, but both groups had reduced phase I growth performance vs. pigs fed highly digestible diets containing animal proteins when weaned into non-disinfected pens. The BSFLM did not influence fecal E. coli CFU or improve fecal consistency after weaning and therefore, is less effective at minimizing digestive upsets vs. HC + diets.
Fossil frogs (Eleutherodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus) from Florida suggest overwater dispersal from the Caribbean by the Late Oligocene
Authors: Vallejo-Pareja Maria Camila , Stanley Edward L , Bloch Jonathan I , Blackburn David C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Establishment of extant terrestrial vertebrate faunas in North America was influenced by a set of factors associated with temporal changes in climate and ecology that operated at different geographic scales. While the biogeography of extant taxa can be inferred from phylogenies, these omit lineages that have gone regionally extinct and for which the only direct evidence is the fossil record. A comprehensive study of anurans from the Late Oligocene of Florida reveals an abundance of fossils referred to Eleutherodactylus. Time-calibrated molecular phylogenies have suggested that this genus originated in the Caribbean in the Early Oligocene and then colonized Central America in the Middle Miocene. Here, we describe the first records of pre-Quaternary fossils referred to Eleutherodactylus from Florida. Results from analysis of inter- and intraspecific variation in anatomy, size, and shape of isolated bones of fossil and extant species suggest that the fossils represent adult individuals with an estimated body size (snout–urostyle length) of 16.8–29.8 mm. We show that Eleutherodactylus was established by the Late Oligocene in North America well before colonizing Central America in the Miocene. We provide, for the first time, evidence of dispersal of amphibians from the Caribbean into North America during the Late Oligocene.
The Cell-Free DNA Virome of 108,349 Dutch Pregnant Women
Authors: Linthorst Jasper , Baksi Moezammin M. M. , Welkers Matthijs R. A. , Sistermans Erik A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Pregnancy increases the body's vulnerability to infectious disease, and current guidelines during pregnancy include minimizing possible exposure to viral infection. In cases where viral infection does occur, these can cause mild to severe complications in both mother and fetus; many viruses that result in such complications are DNA viruses. Current diagnosis technology for DNA viruses relies largely on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which is very sensitive but generally targeted at a specific virus and so tends to not be very comprehensive. In addition, this testing is normally performed only on those who are at high risk or expressing symptoms. To more fully understand the effect and prevalence of DNA viruses in pregnancy, this study used noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) that captures cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to examine the DNA virome in pregnant women between 2017 and 2020.
Data included deidentified NIPT results for 108,349 individuals, and DNA sequences were used to screen for 224 DNA viruses. Viruses that were genetically similar were differentiated based on taxonomy through a meticulous decision tree to avoid generalized errors in categorizing them. The most commonly detected virus was parvovirus B19, occurring in approximately 1 in 3000 cfDNA reads. High viral loads were also observed for hepatitis B, Bocaparvovirus, papillomavirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)/herpesvirus 4, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpesvirus 6, and torque teno virus.
A cross-examination of demographic and pregnancy factors revealed many associations, most of which remained significant after adjustments for multiple comparisons. Available characteristics included maternal age, body mass index (BMI), gestational age, fetal fraction, and the number of sequenced reads with the presence of viral DNA in the samples. Detection of viral DNA was associated with lower BMI, along with a lower concentration of cfDNA and a higher fetal fraction. When individual viruses were analyzed, CMV had the most significant relationship with gestational age and maternal age. Results additionally showed that low fetal fraction was associated with lower detection of viral DNA for specific viruses.
These results show that it is feasible to detect viral DNA in NIPT samples. If viral DNA can be detected, there is potential to diagnose infection and to possibly prevent complications due to the virus. Current clinical practice does not use NIPT as a diagnostic tool for viral infection, but there is potential for this in the future. Further research should focus on clinical utility, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, as well as the relationship of viral DNA with low fetal fraction.
Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy for Open Abdomen in Surgical Reintervention after Curative Surgery of Peritoneal Malignancy Increases the Risk of Recurrence
Authors: Rabel Thomas , Bonnot Pierre-Emmanuel , Hadeedi Omar , Kepenekian Vahan , Bernard Lorraine , Friggeri Arnaud , Glehen Olivier , Passot Guillaume 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Negative-pressure wound therapy for open abdomen (NPWTOA) helps reduce the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome. However, the risk of recurrence of cancer is unclear when NPWTOA is applied after oncologic resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of NPWTOA used for major complications on patients treated with cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal malignancy (PM).

METHODS
All patients who underwent an NPWTOA after potentially curative surgery of PM in a single institution were included. These patients were pair matched 1:3 on the Peritoneal Cancer Index, completeness of cytoreduction using a scoring index, and PM origin with patients who underwent surgical reintervention without NPWTOA after curative surgery of PM. Survival among the two groups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.

RESULTS
Between 2011 and 2017, among 719 curative surgeries for PM, 13 patients underwent an NPWTOA after surgical reintervention. Researchers paired 9 of these patients to 27 others without NPWTOA after surgical reintervention. Median overall survival was 4.8 and 35 months (P = .391), and median disease-free survival was 4.0 and 13.9 months (P = .022) for the NPWTOA and non-NPWTOA groups, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of the NPWTOA during surgical reintervention after curative surgery for PM may increase the risk of early recurrence.
Assessing Nutrition Status in an Outpatient Wound Center: A Feasibility Study
Authors: LaValey Collette , Novosel Lorraine M. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To explore the feasibility of using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) to assess the nutrition status of patients with chronic wounds receiving care in an outpatient wound clinic.

METHODS
The PG-SGA was administered to a single cohort convenience sample of adults with chronic wounds who presented to an outpatient wound clinic. The authors performed univariate descriptive analyses and calculated interrater reliability.

RESULTS
Nutrition assessments were completed with 15 clinic patients. Patients required an average of 6.5 minutes (range, 3.5–10 minutes) to complete their component of the PG-SGA, exceeding the target goal of 5 minutes or fewer. Dietitians required an average of 2 minutes per patient to complete the professional component of the PG-SGA (physical examination). The nutrition assessment process was rated highly favorable. Resources to conduct the study at the site were available 100% of the time.

CONCLUSIONS
The PG-SGA demonstrates promise for use in the chronic wound population and could be incorporated into clinical care in settings equipped with appropriate and adequate resources. The complexities of workforce stability and resource availability, in addition to the ongoing need to be responsive to patient challenges, must be acknowledged in the planning of future studies.
Using Compression Therapy to Treat Bilateral Lower Limb Edema in Patients with Lung Cancer: A Case Series
Authors: Kayauchi Naomi , Nagatsu Takako , Satoh Hiroaki 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTAlthough rare, marked bilateral leg edema (BLE) can occur in patients with lung cancer. Systemic therapy for the underlying disease is important, but adjunct therapy might also be helpful. In this case series, the authors report on treating BLE in patients with lung cancer with compression therapy using elastic stockings and bandages. From April 2013 to March 2022, the authors conducted a retrospective survey of seven patients who developed marked BLE and received compression therapy. They evaluated effects based on improvements in subjective symptoms as well as objective findings 2 months after the start of the therapy. The bandage therapy was useful in patients who were driver-gene negative, but it was not effective in those who already had “progressive disease” with specific agents for their driver genes. No adverse events were observed. Compression therapy, even when attached or detached by nonmedical personnel, may provide favorable effects and should be considered as an adjunct treatment option in this population, in addition to effective systemic cancer therapy. These results indicate that a prospective clinical trial would be worthwhile.
The Role of Patient Engagement in Surgical Site Infection Reduction: A Process Improvement Project
Authors: Cox Jill , Douglas Lisa , Wemmer Valerie , Kaminsky Kathleen 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the second most common healthcare-associated infection, with prevention being a high-priority goal for all healthcare organizations. Although routine surveillance and standardized prevention protocols have long been used, patient engagement is an additional intervention that should be considered and may be beneficial in SSI prevention.

OBJECTIVE
To determine if the development of a standardized patient education discharge plan for management of a surgical site and/or surgical drain would contribute to a reduction in SSI rates in inpatients undergoing colorectal, plastic, or general surgery.

METHODS
A preintervention/postintervention design was used. Before intervention, patients and surgeons were surveyed regarding various discharge practices related to surgical incision/drain care. The intervention consisted of implementing a standardized discharge plan including standardized education and patient discharge kits. After implementation, patients were surveyed regarding discharge practices. Patient survey responses and SSI rates were compared between the preintervention and postintervention time frames.

RESULTS
Rates of SSIs decreased across all three surgical specialties during the project period: colorectal SSIs decreased from 3.2% to 2.7%, plastics from 1.2% to 0.5%, and general from 0.86% to 0.33%. Improvements were also realized in patient survey responses to various aspects of surgical incision/drain care.

CONCLUSIONS
Patient engagement may be an important strategy to integrate with SSI evidence-based care bundles. Active engagement of surgical patients perioperatively has the potential to improve the patient experience, which ultimately can result in improved healthcare outcomes for this population.
A Preliminary Look at the Macrovascular System for Transmetatarsal Amputation Success
Authors: Ansert Elizabeth , Najjar John , Snyder Robert J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Transmetatarsal amputation (TMA) is a commonly used level of amputation that preserves most of the foot’s function and independence. However, many TMAs fail, and patients go onto higher amputations. The primary endpoint of this study is to determine if source artery occlusions are correlated with TMA flap failure.

METHODS
A total of 82 patients with TMAs were retrospectively reviewed for healing rates between 2009 and 2019 at a single center. Forty-five of the patients had an angiogram, which was analyzed for source artery and overall TMA failure. Of the initial 82 patients, a cohort of 12 had documentation of specific flap failure and an angiogram performed. This cohort of 12 patients was used for correlation of flap failure with source artery occlusion.

RESULTS
Overall, the TMA healing rate was 45.28%. No correlation was noted between a specific source artery occlusion and overall TMA failure. However, a moderate positive correlation was seen with dorsalis pedis artery and peroneal artery occlusions and dorsal flap failure. No correlation was seen with the posterior tibial artery and plantar flap failure. A moderate negative correlation was seen with peroneal artery occlusion and plantar flap failure.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors concluded that retrograde flow through the angiosome principle is what allowed for successful outcomes in TMAs. Physicians are urged to carefully plan, dissect, and preserve these vessels to help prevent TMA flap failure, especially in patients with vascular risk or disease.
Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections: A Case-Based Review
Authors: Desai Vidhi , Vokey Susan , Vaughan Stephen , Somayaji Ranjani 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rapidly progressive soft-tissue infection with tissue necrosis and a high mortality rate. This case-based review provides an overview of an approach to the diagnosis and management of necrotizing fasciitis for clinicians.

GENERAL PURPOSE
To review the assessment and management of necrotizing fasciitis.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing-education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Identify the etiologic pathogens for necrotizing fasciitis.
2. Summarize assessment guidelines for patients who present with signs of necrotizing fasciitis.
3. Explain recommended treatment protocols for patients who have necrotizing fasciitis.