bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel synthesis of γ-Al2O3/carbon hollow nanosphere nanocomposite for the optimal removal of Ni2+ ions from wastewater and reuse in blood fingerprint enhancement
Authors: Nthwane Y. B. , Fouda-Mbanga B. G. , Thwala M. , Pillay K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to solve environmental problems, particularly water quality and escalating crime rates. The carbon hollow nanosphere was prepared from orange peels by a reflux method. The carbon hollow nanosphere was coated with Gamma-aluminium oxide (γ-Al2O3 NPs) via the hydrothermal method. The samples were analysed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Thermogravimetric analysis, and X-Ray diffraction analysis. The surface area of γ-Al2O3/carbon hollow nanosphere nanocomposite was confirmed to be 578,039 m2/g, and the Ni2+ ions were analysed using ICP-OES. With a maximum adsorption capacity of 56.980 mg/g and a pH 9, batch adsorption experiments revealed that the uptake of Ni2+ ions best fitted the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model effectively described the uptake of Ni2+ ions with a higher R2 of 0.999. Thermodynamic measurements showed the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the Ni2+ ions adsorption using the γ-Al2O3/carbon hollow nanospheres nanocomposite. The adsorbent was then used to identify latent blood fingerprints, and it was discovered that Ni2+-γ-Al2O3/carbon hollow nanosphere generated clear images of blood fingerprints on different substrates.
Graphical abstract
Remote collaborative process optimization in research and design of industrial manufacturing
Authors: Wang Siqin , Li Qingdu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn response to the impact of COVID-19, the manufacturing industry and academic industrial research have largely shifted to online or hybrid conference formats. The sudden change has posed challenges for researchers and teams to adapt. Based on the current state of online conferences, inadequate communication, disruptions during meetings, confusion and loss of meeting information, and difficulties in conducting online collaborations are observed. This paper presents a design of a real-time discussion board that combines online conferences and synchronous discussions to address the issues arising from remote collaborations in industrial research. The research demonstrates that synchronous discussions conducted within multi-team industrial collaboration teams with specific and diverse issues can better control the flow of meetings, enhance meeting efficiency, promote participant interaction and engagement, reduce information loss, and weaken the boundaries between online and offline collaboration.
Review and content analysis of textual expressions as a marker for depressive and anxiety disorders (DAD) detection using machine learning
Authors: Sharma Chandra Mani , Damani Darsh , Chariar Vijayaraghavan M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDepressive disorders (including major depressive disorder and dysthymia) and anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder or GAD) disorders are the two most prevalent mental illnesses. Early diagnosis of these afflictions can lead to cost-effective treatment with a better outcome prospectus. With the advent of digital technology and platforms, people express themselves by various means, such as social media posts, blogs, journals, instant messaging services, etc. Text remains the most common and convenient form of expression. Therefore, it can be used to predict the onset of anxiety and depression. Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases were used to retrieve the relevant literature using a set of predefined search strings. Irrelevant publications were filtered using multiple criteria. The research meta data was subsequently analyzed using the Biblioshiny Tool of R. Finally, a comparative analysis of most suitable documents is presented. A total of 103 documents were used for bibliometric mapping in terms of research outcome over the past years, productivity of authors, institutions, and countries, collaborations, trend topics, keyword co-occurrence, etc. Neural networks and support vector machines are the most popular ML techniques; word embeddings are extensively used for text representations. There is a shift toward using multiple modalities. SVM, Naive Bayes, and LSTM are the most used ML methods; social media is the most used source of data (Twitter is the most common platform); and audio is the most used modality that is combined with text for depressive and anxiety disorders (DAD) detection. Text data provides good cues for the detection of DAD using machine learning. However, the findings in most of the cases are based on a limited amount of data. Using large amounts of data with other modalities can help develop more generalized DAD-detection systems. Asian countries are leading in the research output with China and India being the top countries in terms of the number of research publications. However, more international collaborations are needed. Limited research exists for anxiety disorders. Co-occurrence of anxiety and depressive disorders is high (33% of studies).
Institutional Genidentity
Authors: RUST JOSHUA 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn abbreviated history of marriage helps motivate the question of whether ancient Roman marriage and contemporary love marriage could qualify as stages of the same (token) institution despite carrying significantly different functions, deontological powers, and constitutive rules. Having raised the question of institutional identity over time, I proceed to answer the question by appealing to Kurt Lewin's notion of genidentity. Lewin intends the notion of genidentity to track the spatiotemporal unfolding of different physical and biological processes, such as ontogenesis. I extend the notion of genidentity to the institutional sphere by identifying two ‘re-anchoring mechanisms’ that would describe the conditions under which institutions with different characteristics could nevertheless qualify as the same institution across time. First, formal institutions can be re-anchored by way of a self-amending secondary rule. Second, informal institutions can be re-anchored by leveraging the inherent indeterminacy of the exemplars that indexically define them. I then argue ancient Roman marriage and contemporary love marriage are genidentical in virtue of the actions of a (mostly) informal re-anchoring mechanism.
Racial disparities in Clostridioides difficile testing in three southeastern US hospitals
Authors: Warren Bobby G. , Burch Christopher D. , Barrett Aaron , Graves Amanda , Gettler Erin , Turner Nicholas A. , Moehring Rebekah W. , Anderson Deverick J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjective:To analyze Clostridioides difficile testing in 3 hospitals in central North Carolina to validate previous racial health-disparity findings.Methods:We completed a retrospective analysis of inpatient C. difficile tests from 2015 to 2021 at 3 university-affiliated hospitals in North Carolina. We calculated the number of C. difficile tests per 1,000 patient days stratified by race: White, Black, and non-White, non-Black (NWNB). We defined a unique C. difficile test as one that occurred in an inpatient unit with a matching laboratory accession ID and on differing calendar days. Tests were evaluated overall, by hospital, by year, and by positivity rate.Results:In total, 35,160 C. difficile tests and 2,571,850 patient days across all 3 hospitals from 2015 to 2021 were analyzed. The median number of C. difficile tests per 1,000 patient days was 13.85 (interquartile range [IQR], 9.88–16.07). Among all C. difficile tests, 5,225 (15%) were positive. White patients were administered more C. difficile tests (14.46 per 1,000 patient days) than Black patients (12.96; P < .0001) or NWNB race patients (10.27; P < .0001). Black patients were administered more tests than NWNB patients (P < .0001). White patients tested positive at a similar rate to Black patients (15% vs 15%; P = .3655) and higher than NWNB individuals (12%; P = .0061), and Black patients tested positive at a higher rate than NWNB patients (P = .0024).Conclusion:White patients received more C. difficile tests than Black and NWNB patient groups when controlling for race patient days. Future studies should control for comorbidities and investigate community onset of C. difficile by race and ethnicity.
Empire's Embezzlers: Fraud and Scandal in U.S.-Occupied Cuba, 1900–1902
Authors: Akiboh Alvita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 1900, news of U.S. postal officials committing fraud in Cuba became a scandal that influenced the political, legal, and governmental trajectory of U.S. imperialism. Anti-imperialist Democrats used the frauds to undermine Republican pro-imperialists on the eve of the 1900 election. Prominent Republicans hoped to contain the scandal through swift punishment, but when the accused refused extradition, the resulting Supreme Court case, though rarely discussed, became the first of theInsular Cases. In 1900, it was not yet clear whether the U.S. empire would be run by self-interested actors or self-proclaimed progressive reformers. The commitment to progressive imperialism observed later in other colonies was, at least in part, worked out in this postal frauds case, as individuals chose how to respond to the scandal. Their actions were guided as much by scandal and the pursuit of self-interest as they were by lofty ideals about good government.
Corporate Venture Capital and Firm Scope
Authors: Zhang Yifei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines whether and how corporate venture capital (CVC) spurs changes in firm scope. Using two text-based measures of firm scope, I provide evidence that CVC investments are strongly correlated with subsequent changes in firm scope among CVC parent firms, including seeding emerging businesses and creating new segments or divisions. Further evidence is consistent with an experimentation view, with more promising ventures having a stronger strategic impact on the scope changes of parent firms. Moreover, the study finds that post-CVC scope changes are primarily built internally and rarely involve killer acquisitions. These changes create value for CVC parents.
Recommendations for the establishment of a trans-island canopy bridge network to support primate movement across Langkawi Island, Malaysia
Authors: Galea Benjamin , Mobarak Irshad , Izzati Nur Afiqah , Fong May Yin , Abdullah Muhammad Firdaus Dev , Mohd Bukhari Azmil Munif , Lim Chen Kim , Ruppert Nadine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe expansion of transportation and service corridors has numerous, well-documented adverse effects on wildlife. However, little research on this topic has been translated into mitigating the effects of habitat fragmentation caused by road development on primates. The establishment of canopy bridges has proven to be an effective conservation intervention. Of the completed primate canopy bridge projects reported in the literature, to our knowledge, all attempt to mitigate the impacts caused by singular, linear infrastructure routes. Here we provide recommendations for the establishment of a network of natural and artificial canopy bridges over roads throughout Langkawi Island, Malaysia, to reduce rates of roadkill and support the movement of primates and other arboreal animals across the island by identifying suitable sites and appropriate tree species to be planted (including Ficus racemosa and Ficus fistulosa), bridge materials and post-installation monitoring. The establishment of this pioneering trans-island canopy bridge network could function as a model to enhance connectivity for arboreal animals in other important wildlife habitat sites in Malaysia and beyond that are affected by fragmentation from linear infrastructure. We have begun discussions with relevant authorities, partners and other pertinent parties, focusing on the initiation of construction of the canopy bridge network in 2024.
Increased virulence due to multiple infection in Daphnia leads to limited growth in 1 of 2 co-infecting microsporidian parasites
Authors: O'Keeffe Floriane E. , Pendleton Rebecca C. , Holland Celia V. , Luijckx Pepijn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent outbreaks of various infectious diseases have highlighted the ever-present need to understand the drivers of the outbreak and spread of disease. Although much of the research investigating diseases focuses on single infections, natural systems are dominated by multiple infections. These infections may occur simultaneously, but are often acquired sequentially, which may alter the outcome of infection. Using waterfleas (Daphnia magna) as a model organism, we examined the outcome of sequential and simultaneous multiple infections with 2 microsporidian parasites (Ordospora colligata and Hamiltosporidium tvaerminnensis) in a fully factorial design with 9 treatments and 30 replicates. We found no differences between simultaneous and sequential infections. However, H. tvaerminnensis fitness was impeded by multiple infection due to increased host mortality, which gave H. tvaerminnensis less time to grow. Host fecundity was also reduced across all treatments, but animals infected with O. colligata at a younger age produced the fewest offspring. As H. tvaerminnensis is both horizontally and vertically transmitted, this reduction in offspring may have further reduced H. tvaerminnensis fitness in co-infected treatments. Our findings suggest that in natural populations where both species co-occur, H. tvaerminnensis may evolve to higher levels of virulence following frequent co-infection by O. colligata.
The Foods of Love? Food Gifts, Courtship and Emotions in Long Eighteenth-Century England
Authors: Holloway Sally 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article rediscovers the importance of food gifts in navigating the process of courtship in England during the long eighteenth century. Studies of courtship and gift-exchange to date have demonstrated how courting couples exchanged a wide range of gifts to produce and intensify feelings of love and advance their relationships toward the altar, from garters and gloves to ribbons, rings, portrait miniatures and locks of hair. Yet the edible gift has remained conspicuously absent from this picture. The article reinserts edible tokens into the historiography of love and marriage, revealing how they operated as an indispensable and unique part of the ‘gift mode’ during courtship. It demonstrates how courting couples exchanged a wide range of foodstuffs from cakes and sweetmeats to game, fowl, fish, exotic fruits and home-grown produce. In doing so, the article advances the burgeoning field of emotions and material culture by demonstrating how organic or perishable items could function as powerful emotional objects, able to nourish the human body, provide a source of sensual and gustatory pleasure and elicit feelings of joy, delight, love and desire. In turn, these gifts show courtship made everyday, transacted between couples and their families, and situated in gardens and squares, shops, theatres and around a family's tea table.
Time after time: Factors influencing children’s comprehension of Before and After
Authors: WAGNER Laura , HOLT Rachael Frush 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigated older children’s (7–12 years) ability to comprehend before and after sentences. Results found that three factors that influence pre-school aged children’s learning of these words continues to influence older children’s comprehension. Specifically, children’s accuracy is improved when the events can be naturally (vs. arbitrarily) ordered; when the clauses in the sentence iconically match (vs. mismatch) the order of the events in the world; and when sentences use before (vs. after). The first two factors are argued to directly facilitate the building of mental models while the last one does so indirectly because of patterns of input usage.
Vesicles driven by dynein and kinesin exhibit directional reversals without regulators
Authors: D’Souza Ashwin I. , Grover Rahul , Monzon Gina A. , Santen Ludger , Diez Stefan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntracellular vesicular transport along cytoskeletal filaments ensures targeted cargo delivery. Such transport is rarely unidirectional but rather bidirectional, with frequent directional reversals owing to the simultaneous presence of opposite-polarity motors. So far, it has been unclear whether such complex motility pattern results from the sole mechanical interplay between opposite-polarity motors or requires regulators. Here, we demonstrate that a minimal system, comprising purified Dynein-Dynactin-BICD2 (DDB) and kinesin-3 (KIF16B) attached to large unilamellar vesicles, faithfully reproduces in vivo cargo motility, including runs, pauses, and reversals. Remarkably, opposing motors do not affect vesicle velocity during runs. Our computational model reveals that the engagement of a small number of motors is pivotal for transitioning between runs and pauses. Taken together, our results suggest that motors bound to vesicular cargo transiently engage in a tug-of-war during pauses. Subsequently, stochastic motor attachment and detachment events can lead to directional reversals without the need for regulators.
Unraveling the rheology of inverse vulcanized polymers
Authors: Bischoff Derek J. , Lee Taeheon , Kang Kyung-Seok , Molineux Jake , O’Neil Parker Wallace , Pyun Jeffrey , Mackay Michael E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultiple relaxation times are used to capture the numerous stress relaxation modes found in bulk polymer melts. Herein, inverse vulcanization is used to synthesize high sulfur content (≥50 wt%) polymers that only need a single relaxation time to describe their stress relaxation. The S-S bonds in these organopolysulfides undergo dissociative bond exchange when exposed to elevated temperatures, making the bond exchange dominate the stress relaxation. Through the introduction of a dimeric norbornadiene crosslinker that improves thermomechanical properties, we show that it is possible for the Maxwell model of viscoelasticity to describe both dissociative covalent adaptable networks and living polymers, which is one of the few experimental realizations of a Maxwellian material. Rheological master curves utilizing time-temperature superposition were constructed using relaxation times as nonarbitrary horizontal shift factors. Despite advances in inverse vulcanization, this is the first complete characterization of the rheological properties of this class of unique polymeric material.
Brain-to-gut trafficking of alpha-synuclein by CD11c+ cells in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: McFleder Rhonda L. , Makhotkina Anastasiia , Groh Janos , Keber Ursula , Imdahl Fabian , Peña Mosca Josefina , Peteranderl Alina , Wu Jingjing , Tabuchi Sawako , Hoffmann Jan , Karl Ann-Kathrin , Pagenstecher Axel , Vogel Jörg , Beilhack Andreas , Koprich James B. , Brotchie Jonathan M. , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Volkmann Jens , Ip Chi Wang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInflammation in the brain and gut is a critical component of several neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). One trigger of the immune system in PD is aggregation of the pre-synaptic protein, α-synuclein (αSyn). Understanding the mechanism of propagation of αSyn aggregates is essential to developing disease-modifying therapeutics. Using a brain-first mouse model of PD, we demonstrate αSyn trafficking from the brain to the ileum of male mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the ileal αSyn aggregations are contained within CD11c+ cells. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrate that ileal CD11c+ cells are microglia-like and the same subtype of cells is activated in the brain and ileum of PD mice. Moreover, by utilizing mice expressing the photo-convertible protein, Dendra2, we show that CD11c+ cells traffic from the brain to the ileum. Together these data provide a mechanism of αSyn trafficking between the brain and gut.
Bringing uncertainty quantification to the extreme-edge with memristor-based Bayesian neural networks
Authors: Bonnet Djohan , Hirtzlin Tifenn , Majumdar Atreya , Dalgaty Thomas , Esmanhotto Eduardo , Meli Valentina , Castellani Niccolo , Martin Simon , Nodin Jean-François , Bourgeois Guillaume , Portal Jean-Michel , Querlioz Damien , Vianello Elisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSafety-critical sensory applications, like medical diagnosis, demand accurate decisions from limited, noisy data. Bayesian neural networks excel at such tasks, offering predictive uncertainty assessment. However, because of their probabilistic nature, they are computationally intensive. An innovative solution utilizes memristors’ inherent probabilistic nature to implement Bayesian neural networks. However, when using memristors, statistical effects follow the laws of device physics, whereas in Bayesian neural networks, those effects can take arbitrary shapes. This work overcome this difficulty by adopting a variational inference training augmented by a “technological loss”, incorporating memristor physics. This technique enabled programming a Bayesian neural network on 75 crossbar arrays of 1,024 memristors, incorporating CMOS periphery for in-memory computing. The experimental neural network classified heartbeats with high accuracy, and estimated the certainty of its predictions. The results reveal orders-of-magnitude improvement in inference energy efficiency compared to a microcontroller or an embedded graphics processing unit performing the same task.
Frequent marine heatwaves hidden below the surface of the global ocean
Authors: Sun Di , Li Furong , Jing Zhao , Hu Shijian , Zhang Bohai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMarine heatwaves are extreme warm water events that can cause devastating impacts on ecosystems and have complex socio-economic ramifications. Surface signals and drivers of marine heatwaves have been extensively investigated based on satellite observations, whereas their vertical structure in the global ocean remains unclear. In this study, we identify marine heatwave events in the epipelagic zone (0–200 m) using a four-dimensional spatio-temporal framework based on three ocean reanalysis datasets. We find that only about half of the marine heatwave events have continuous surface signals during their life cycles and around one-third always reside in the subsurface ocean without any imprint on sea surface temperature. The annual number of these subsurface marine heatwave events shows a significant increase in response to subsurface mean-state warming during the past three decades. Our findings reveal the limitation of identifying marine heatwaves solely based on the sea surface temperature and underscore the necessity of subsurface observations for monitoring marine heatwaves.