bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of re‐fed meat in beef hamburger production
Authors: Berger Lisa M. , Böckle Carsten , Gibis Monika , Terjung Nino , Weiss Jochen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn food production, re‐feeding material into the manufacturing process is common practice to meet ecological and economical requirements. In production of hamburgers, the products with external imperfections are re‐fed in a frozen, coarsely crushed state.ResultsIn this study, the influence of the addition of frozen, pre‐crushed hamburgers (re‐fed meat) during the manufacturing process on the structural, physico‐chemical, functional, and quality attributes of the hamburgers was assessed. The recording of process control parameters showed no changes among the samples. It was further found that most of the studied parameters remained nearly unaffected by the addition of re‐fed meat (RFM) up to 20%. Neither the specific mechanical energy input during grinding, the histologically determined amount of non‐intact cells, nor the sensory characterization of the samples differed strongly upon the addition of RFM.ConclusionThe results indicate that it is technologically feasible to re‐feed unimpaired, high‐quality material due to ecological and economical reasons and still maintain high product quality. However, to ensure product safety, microbiological and hygienic standards must be maintained and controlled during processing.
Influence of different baking temperatures of red kojic rice on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, and functional components of red starter wine
Authors: Han Xueyuan , Shen Chi , Wang Xiaoyu , Ye Xinnan , Zhou Jiandi , Qian Bin , Tian Rungang , Xiao Chaogeng , Lu Wenjing , Yang Huanyi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo improve the quality of red starter wine, this study explored the effects of baking red kojic rice at varying temperatures on the physicochemical characteristics of red starter wine. Baking was predicated on understanding crucial enzyme activities and starch granule structure of red kojic rice at 75, 95, and 105 °C, leading to the production of three red starter wine variants (BHQW1, BHQW2, and BHQW3).RESULTSThe results revealed an increased alcohol (increase 0.50%), total sugar (increase 0.14 g L−1), and total acid (increase 0.54 g L−1) content in red starter wine fermented using baked red kojic rice compared with the control group (wine fermented with unbaked rice, HQW). Furthermore, both the 105 °C baked red kojic rice and its resulting BHQW3 demonstrated significantly higher red color values than HQW (increase 2.03 U g−1 and 0.15 U mL−1 respectively). The highest lovastatin content was presented in red kojic rice baked at 105 °C and its corresponding fermented wine (1420.63 ± 507.9 μg g−1 and 3368.87 ± 228.16 μg L−1 respectively). Additionally, BHQW groups displayed higher total flavonoids and phenols content than HQW. Regarding antioxidant capacity, all BHQW groups showed stronger overall antioxidant capacity than HQW. The determination of volatile components revealed the highest content of volatile compounds in BHQW2 (2621.19 ± 548.24 μg L−1) and significantly higher volatile esters in BHQW1 (254.46 ± 16.63 μg L−1). Moreover, 16 volatile compounds were identified only in BHQW groups, including isoamyl caprylate, 2‐ethylhexyl alcohol, and benzaldehyde.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggested that the baking technique of red kojic rice could enhance the quality of red starter wine through enhancing antioxidant properties, increasing functional components, and enriching volatile flavor compounds, thus providing a foundation for new techniques in red starter wine production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Brain Dynamics Complexity as a Signature of Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Fiorenzato Eleonora , Moaveninejad Sadaf , Weis Luca , Biundo Roberta , Antonini Angelo , Porcaro Camillo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundHiguchi's fractal dimension (FD) captures brain dynamics complexity and may be a promising method to analyze resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and detect the neuronal interaction complexity underlying Parkinson's disease (PD) cognitive decline.ObjectivesThe aim was to compare FD with a more established index of spontaneous neural activity, the fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and identify through machine learning (ML) models which method could best distinguish across PD‐cognitive states, ranging from normal cognition (PD‐NC), mild cognitive impairment (PD‐MCI) to dementia (PDD). Finally, the aim was to explore correlations between fALFF and FD with clinical and cognitive PD features.MethodsAmong 118 PD patients age‐, sex‐, and education matched with 35 healthy controls, 52 were classified with PD‐NC, 46 with PD‐MCI, and 20 with PDD based on an extensive cognitive and clinical evaluation. fALFF and FD metrics were computed on rs‐fMRI data and used to train ML models.ResultsFD outperformed fALFF metrics in differentiating between PD‐cognitive states, reaching an overall accuracy of 78% (vs. 62%). PD showed increased neuronal dynamics complexity within the sensorimotor network, central executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN), paralleled by a reduction in spontaneous neuronal activity within the CEN and DMN, whose increased complexity was strongly linked to the presence of dementia. Further, we found that some DMN critical hubs correlated with worse cognitive performance and disease severity.ConclusionsOur study indicates that PD‐cognitive decline is characterized by an altered spontaneous neuronal activity and increased temporal complexity, involving the CEN and DMN, possibly reflecting an increased segregation of these networks. Therefore, we propose FD as a prognostic biomarker of PD‐cognitive decline. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Metabolites 13,14‐Dihydro‐15‐keto‐PGE2 Participates in Bifidobacterium animalis F1‐7 to Alleviate Opioid‐Induced Constipation by 5‐HT Pathway
Authors: Lu Youyou , Zhou Xiaohong , Wu Yeting , Cui Qingyu , Tian Xiaoying , Yi Huaxi , Gong Pimin , Zhang Lanwei 
Published: December 2023

ScopePeople suffer from constipation caused by many factors, including constipation (Opioid‐Induced Constipation, OIC) during analgesic treatment. Microorganisms may be a potent solution to this problem, but the mechanism is still unclear.Methods and resultsBased on models in vivo and in vitro, the potential mechanism involving Bifidobacterium animalis F1‐7 (B. animalis F1‐7), screened in the previous studies, is explored through non‐targeted metabonomics, electrophysiological experiment and molecular level docking. The results showed that B. animalis F1‐7 effectively alleviates OIC and promotes the expression of chromogranin A (CGA) and 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT). The metabolite 13,14‐dihydro‐15‐keto‐PGE2 related to B. animalis F1‐7 is found, which has a potential improvement effect on OIC at 20 mg kg BW−1 in vivo. At 30 ng mL−1 it effectively stimulates secretion of CGA/5‐HT (408.95 ± 1.18 ng mL−1) by PC‐12 cells and changes the membrane potential potassium ion current without affecting the sodium ion current in vitro. It upregulates the target of free fatty acid receptor‐4 protein(FFAR4/β‐actin, 0.81 ± 0.02).ConclusionThe results demonstrate that metabolite 13,14‐dihydro‐15‐keto‐PGE2 participated in B. animalis F1‐7 to alleviate OIC via the 5‐HT pathway.
Plasma Metabolites Related to the Consumption of Different Types of Dairy Products and Their Association with New‐Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Analyses in the Fenland and EPIC‐Norfolk Studies, United Kingdom
Authors: Trichia Eirini , Koulman Albert , Stewart Isobel D. , Brage Soren , Griffin Simon J. , Griffin Julian L. , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Langenberg Claudia , Wareham Nicholas J. , Imamura Fumiaki , Forouhi Nita G. 
Published: December 2023

ScopeTo identify metabolites associated with habitual dairy consumption and investigate their associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk.Methods and resultsMetabolomics assays were conducted in the Fenland (n = 10,281) and EPIC‐Norfolk (n = 1,440) studies. Using 82 metabolites assessed in both studies, we developed metabolite scores to classify self‐reported consumption of milk, yogurt, cheese, butter, and total dairy (Fenland Study‐discovery set; n = 6035). Internal and external validity of the scores was evaluated (Fenland‐validation set, n = 4246; EPIC‐Norfolk, n = 1440). The study assessed associations between each metabolite score and T2D incidence in EPIC‐Norfolk (n = 641 cases; 16,350 person‐years). The scores classified low and high consumers for all dairy types with internal validity, and milk, butter, and total dairy with external validity. The scores were further associated with lower incident T2D: hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) per standard deviation: milk 0.71 (0.65, 0.77); butter 0.62 (0.57, 0.68); total dairy 0.66 (0.60, 0.72). These associations persisted after adjustment for known dairy‐fat biomarkers.ConclusionMetabolite scores identified habitual consumers of milk, butter, and total dairy products, and were associated with lower T2D risk. These findings hold promise for identifying objective indicators of the physiological response to dairy consumption.
Closed‐form solution for axially loaded end‐bearing piles in two‐layered soil
Authors: Zheng Changjie , Chen Ming , Kouretzis George 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a mathematical model for the analysis of axially‐loaded end‐bearing piles embedded in a two‐layer elastic soil deposit. The governing equations of the soil layers surrounding the pile are cast by means of a Tajimi‐type continuum formulation, and this allows deriving a closed‐form expression that provides the frictional stresses that develop at the soil‐pile interface. The pile is treated as two virtual one‐dimensional elastic rods, and pile displacements are obtained by solving a system of linear equations that results from considering the boundary and continuity conditions. This results in improved efficiency compared to existing Tajimi‐based solutions for piles in layered soil, at no expense of accuracy. The model is used to study the effect of the relative stiffness of the soil layers on the serviceability behavior of axially‐loaded piles, and drawn conclusions of practical importance.
Probing human heart TCA cycle metabolism and response to glucose load using hyperpolarized [2‐13C]pyruvate MRS
Authors: Chen Hsin‐Yu , Gordon Jeremy W. , Dwork Nicholas , Chung Brian T. , Riselli Andrew , Sivalokanathan Sanjay , Bok Robert A. , Slater James B. , Vigneron Daniel B. , Abraham M. Roselle , Larson Peder E. Z. 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe healthy heart has remarkable metabolic flexibility that permits rapid switching between mitochondrial glucose oxidation and fatty acid oxidation to generate ATP. Loss of metabolic flexibility has been implicated in the genesis of contractile dysfunction seen in cardiomyopathy. Metabolic flexibility has been imaged in experimental models, using hyperpolarized (HP) [2‐13C]pyruvate MRI, which enables interrogation of metabolites that reflect tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux in cardiac myocytes. This study aimed to develop methods, demonstrate feasibility for [2‐13C]pyruvate MRI in the human heart for the first time, and assess cardiac metabolic flexibility.MethodsGood manufacturing practice [2‐13C]pyruvic acid was polarized in a 5 T polarizer for 2.5–3 h. Following dissolution, quality control parameters of HP pyruvate met all safety and sterility criteria for pharmacy release, prior to administration to study subjects. Three healthy subjects each received two HP injections and MR scans, first under fasting conditions, followed by oral glucose load. A 5 cm axial slab‐selective spectroscopy approach was prescribed over the left ventricle and acquired at 3 s intervals on a 3 T clinical MRI scanner.ResultsThe study protocol, which included HP substrate injection, MR scanning, and oral glucose load, was performed safely without adverse events. Key downstream metabolites of [2‐13C]pyruvate metabolism in cardiac myocytes include the glycolytic derivative [2‐13C]lactate, TCA‐associated metabolite [5‐13C]glutamate, and [1‐13C]acetylcarnitine, catalyzed by carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT). After glucose load, 13C‐labeling of lactate, glutamate, and acetylcarnitine from 13C‐pyruvate increased by an average of 39.3%, 29.5%, and 114% respectively in the three subjects, which could result from increases in lactate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and CAT enzyme activity as well as TCA cycle flux (glucose oxidation).ConclusionsHP [2‐13C]pyruvate imaging is safe and permits noninvasive assessment of TCA cycle intermediates and the acetyl buffer, acetylcarnitine, which is not possible using HP [1‐13C]pyruvate. Cardiac metabolite measurement in the fasting/fed states provides information on cardiac metabolic flexibility and the acetylcarnitine pool.
SIOP pediatric oncology services Global Mapping Program: Latin American data collection
Authors: Chantada Luisa , Gorostegui Maite , Lowe Jennifer , Ranasinghe Neil , Villegas Lucas , Geel Jennifer , Howard Scott , Bouffet Eric , Chantada Guillermo , Challinor Julia , Cappellano Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) launched a program to map all pediatric cancer facilities around the world. After the results in Africa were completed, the strategy for data collection for Latin America was revised to improve the accuracy and avoid duplications. In partnership with SIOP, the Sociedad Latino Americana de Oncología Pediátrica (SLAOP) approached their delegates who provided the contacts for a 10‐question survey about their institutional capacities. Data were collected by email, online meetings, or telephone calls, and stored in a secure platform. All but one country participated and a high number of centers were recorded.
“It just felt like another thing to do”: Examining teacher barriers and motivators to utilizing trauma‐informed resources during COVID‐19
Authors: Mullin Alice C. , Sharkey Jill D. , Aragon Karina M. , Appel Olivia , Portabales Paola , Bouchard Isaac , Felix Erika D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGiven that over two‐thirds of children in the United States are exposed to at least one traumatic event by age 16, it is imperative that schools support these students with trauma‐informed practices and resources. The current study investigated factors that affected teacher use of trauma‐informed resources within two school districts in California during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The specific research questions included assessing how intrinsic barriers, extrinsic barriers, administrator support, and school climate affect the use of trauma‐informed resources, as well as what barriers to and motivators of implementation teachers report. Eighty‐five teachers participated. A logistic regression model indicated that teacher‐administrator relationships (B = 0.77, p = .016) and intrinsic barriers (B = −0.84, p = .002), were predictive of resource use. Open‐ended responses revealed barriers to teacher resource use that included lack of time and district problems. Teachers reported being motivated to use resources based on their concern for the well‐being of students and themselves. Results indicate a myriad of extrinsic and intrinsic barriers making it difficult for teachers to use resources despite their motivation to support themselves and their students, and have implications for rethinking the way that teachers are expected to operate within the school system.
Barrier, converting, and tray‐forming properties of paperboard packaging materials coated with waterborne dispersions
Authors: Marinelli Andrea , Lyytikäinen Johanna , Tanninen Panu , Del Curto Barbara , Leminen Ville 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, different food‐contact experimental and commercial aqueous polymeric dispersions were applied to paperboard via rod coating technology to achieve <5% non‐cellulosic content. Barrier (water, moisture and grease), mechanical (tensile and bending) and converting (heat‐sealing and creasing) properties were analysed before tray formation trials on pilot‐scale equipment. Dispersion‐coated samples were compared against polyethylene terephthalate (PET) extrusion‐coated paperboard, the principal industrial material used for food trays. Results show that, within the investigated properties, waterborne dispersions can achieve similar barrier properties compared with PET, yet at lower dry coat grammage (12 g/m2 vs. 40 g/m2 of PET‐coated paperboard). Additionally, the investigated coatings heat‐sealed at temperatures as low as 80–90°C, almost 100°C less than PET; however, lower seal forces could be achieved (15–20 N/(25 mm) vs. 23 N/(25 mm) of PET‐coated paperboard). Paperboard delamination occurred at the highest seal forces. Dispersion‐coated trays were obtained at 4.5–5.0% blank moisture content. Formed trays at industrial processing parameters showed critical coating damage during converting due to tensile stresses. This work shows that milder processing conditions allow a reduction in coat defects.
A Balanced Scorecard approach to the Homeland Security Evaluation and Exercise Program
Authors: Soujaa Ismail , Nukpezah Julius A. , Dimitrijevska‐Markoski Tamara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) is the standard program for exercise design and development, management, evaluation, and improvement planning, but it has several challenges for its operation. This study focuses on HSEEP evaluative capacity and provides practical recommendations for program improvement using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach. Although HSEEP has a myriad of challenges related to its performance measurement, the study asserts that some of these limitations can be addressed by incorporating the BSC approach. The study explains and demonstrates how the four BSC approaches, internal and external stakeholders, organizational process, financial, and learning aspects, can improve the HSEEP.
Status, variation, development, and utilization of water resources in China
Authors: Qiu Yaqin , Hao Chunfeng , Jia Ling , Shen Yingying , Liu Haiying , Wang Zhuoran 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe information about China's water resources yield and its utilization have been publicly released by its annual China Water Resources Bulletin since 1998. This paper introduces the facts of China's water resources and its development and utilization in 2022 and analyzes the variation of water resources, water supply structure, water use volume, and efficiency. In 2022, both precipitation and total volume of water resources in China were less than normal, and were unevenly distributed both temporally and geographically. There has been some decrease in water storage of some large‐ and medium‐sized reservoirs, while the storage of lakes has remained relatively stable. Total water use increased to some extent compared with that in 2021, with further improvements of efficiency and pattern of water uses. There was no significant trend of change on annual precipitation and water resources in China from 1956 to 2022, but the capability of runoff generation in North China showed a decrease. To ensure national water security, China has made great effort to cope with the impacts of climate change and human activities by refined management of surface water resources and groundwater resources, as well as ambitious water‐saving goals.
MnF2 Surface Modulated Hollow Carbon Nanorods on Porous Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Bi‐Functional Oxygen Catalysis for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Wang Gang , Chi Hao , Feng Yang , Fan Jie , Deng Nanping , Kang Weimin , Cheng Bowen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient bi‐functional noble‐metal‐free oxygen electrocatalysts with low‐cost and scalable synthesis approach is challenging for zinc–air batteries (ZABs). Due to the flexible valence state of manganese, MnF2 is expected to provide efficient OER. However, its insulating properties may inhibit its OER process to a certain degree. Herein, during the process of converting the manganese source in the precursor of porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) to manganese fluoride, the manganese source is changed to manganese acetate, which allows PCNFs to grow a large number of hollow carbon nanorods (HCNRs). Meanwhile, manganese fluoride will transform from the aggregation state into uniformly dispersed MnF2 nanodots, thereby achieving highly efficient OER catalytic activity. Furthermore, the intrinsic ORR catalytic activity of the HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs can be enhanced due to the charge modulation effect of MnF2 nanodots inside HCNR. In addition, the HCNRs stretched toward the liquid electrolyte can increase the capture capacity of dissolved oxygen and protect the inner MnF2, thereby enhancing the stability of HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs for the oxygen electrocatalytic process. MnF2 surface‐modulated HCNRs can strongly enhance ORR activity, and the uniformly dispersed MnF2 can also provide higher OER activity. Thus, the prepared HCNRs/MnF2@PCNFs obtain efficient bifunctional oxygen catalytic ability and high‐performance rechargeable ZABs.
Photonics in Multimaterial Lateral Heterostructures Combining Group IV Chalcogenide van der Waals Semiconductors
Authors: Sutter Eli , Kisslinger Kim , Unocic Raymond R. , Burns Kory , Hachtel Jordan , Sutter Peter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLateral heterostructures combining two multilayer group IV chalcogenide van der Waals semiconductors have attracted interest for optoelectronics, twistronics, and valleytronics, owing to their structural anisotropy, bulk‐like electronic properties, enhanced optical thickness, and vertical interfaces enabling in‐plane charge manipulation/separation, perpendicular to the trajectory of incident light. Group IV monochalcogenides support propagating photonic waveguide modes, but their interference gives rise to complex light emission patterns throughout the visible/near‐infrared range both in uniform flakes and single‐interface lateral heterostructures. Here, this work demonstrates the judicious integration of pure and alloyed monochalcogenide crystals into multimaterial heterostructures with unique photonic properties, notably the ability to select photonic modes with targeted discrete energies through geometric factors rather than band engineering. SnS‐GeS1−xSex‐GeSe‐GeS1−xSex heterostructures with a GeS1−xSex active layer sandwiched laterally between GeSe and SnS, semiconductors with similar optical constants but smaller bandgaps, were designed and realized via sequential vapor transport synthesis. Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy/diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy confirm a high crystal quality of the laterally stitched components with sharp interfaces. Nanometer‐scale cathodoluminescence spectroscopy provides evidence for a facile transfer of electron–hole pairs across the lateral interfaces and demonstrates the selection of photon emission at discrete energies in the laterally embedded active (GeS1−xSex) part of the heterostructure.