bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crop Insect Pest Detection based on Dilated Multi-scale Attention U-Net
Authors: Wang Xuqi , Zhang Shanwen , Zhang Ting 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Early detection and identification of insect pests is the premise and basis of scientific control and accurate utilization of Insect pesticides. Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and slow training speed of the existing crop Insect pest detection models, a dilated multi-scale attention U-Net (DMSAU-Net) model is constructed for crop Insect pest detection. In its encoder, dilated Inception is designed to replace the convolution layer in U-Net to extract the multi-scale features of insect pest images and improve the accuracy of the model. An attention module is added to its decoder to focus on the edge of the insect pest image and reduce the upsampling noise and accelerate model convergence. The results on the crop insect pest image dataset verify that the proposed method has high segmentation accuracy and good generalization ability, and can be applied to practical crop insect pest monitoring system.
Distribution and Prevalence of Refractive Error in Iranian Adult Population, A Cross- sectional Population-based Study (Results of the PERSIAN Eye Cohort Study(PECS))
Authors: Alipour Fateme , Mohammadzadeh Maryam , Jafari Fatemeh , Lashay Alireza , Yaseri Mehdi , Motamed-Gorji Nazgol , Alizadeh Yousef , Soleimani Mohammadreza , Mirzaei Mohammad , Shahraki Kourosh , Salimpour Samira , Shoja Mohammad Reza , Khataminia Gholamreza , Tahkor Abolfazl , Tavakoli Roya , Somi Mohammad hossein , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Joukar Farahnaz , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , Saki Nader , Hashemi Hassan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The PERSIAN Eye Cohort Study, a population-based cross-sectional study from 2015 to 2020, examined refractive error prevalence among 48618 Iranian adults aged 31 to 70. The study encompassed six centers in Iran, employing random cluster sampling for demographic, medical, and socioeconomic data collection through interviews. Ophthalmic exams included visual acuity, automated and manual objective refraction, subjective refraction, slit lamp, and fundus examinations. Using the spherical equivalent definition, the sample population was categorized into groups. Results indicated a mean age of 49.52 ± 9.31 and a mean refractive error of 0.26 diopters (D) ± 1.6 SD (95% CI: -0.27 to -0.24), ranging from − 26.1 to + 18.5 SD. Prevalence of myopia (<-0.5D) and hyperopia ( > + 0.5) was 22.6% (95% CI: 22.2–23%) and 12.5% (95% CI: 12.1–12.8%), respectively. Myopia significantly associated with female gender, older age, urban residency, higher education, higher income, and Fars ethnicity (p-value < 0.001 for all). Hyperopia significantly associated with female gender (p-value < 0.001), aging (p-value < 0.001), urban residency (p-value = 0.029), and lower income (p-value = 0.005). Astigmatism (> 1 D) was prevalent in 25.5% of participants (95% CI: 25.1–25.9%) and correlated with male gender, aging, urban residency, illiteracy, and higher income (p-value < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.014, respectively). The study's comparison with regional and international surveys highlighted the increase in myopia among those over 65 due to higher nuclear cataract rates in older adults. Myopia positively related to education, income, and urban residency, while hyperopia did not exhibit such associations.
The efficacy and safety of a Histone deacetylase inhibitor: chidamide as a maintenance therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Shen Hao-Rui , Wu Jia-Zhu , Liang Jin-Hua , Li Yue , Zhang Xin-Yu , Kong Yi-Lin , Pan Bi-Hui , Gao Rui , Li Jian-Yong , Wang Li , Yin Hua , Xu Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of chidamide as a maintenance therapy in peripheral T-cell lymphoma.
Methods
Chidamide was given orally as a maintenance therapy after first-line or salvage treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety were analyzed.
Results
Fifty-eight patients were enrolled between January 2015 and July 2022. Among 39 patients underwent first-line maintenance, 11 (28.2%) patients experienced disease progression. A total of 19 patients received maintenance treatment after salvage therapy, 9(47.4%) had disease progression and median duration of remission was 16 (2‒25) months. For all patients, the median maintenance time was 16 (1–72) months, the median PFS was 33 months, and the median OS had not been reached. The median PFS and OS of the patients received first-line maintenance were not reached, significantly better than patients received salvage maintenance (median PFS and OS were 7 and 67 months, P < 0.001, P = 0.009, respectively). The most common toxicities were hematologic toxicities. Twelve (20.7%) patients underwent a dose reduction and three patients discontinued treatment.
Conclusion
The study showed that patients with chidamide maintenance therapy had a better PFS and OS with a manageable safety profile, especially as the first-line maintenance therapy.
Registration number:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05967949), retrospectively registered on July 23, 2023.
Determinants of birth registration and certification in Southwest Ethiopia: Implication for a new strategy to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Ayele Bizuayehu , Getachew Dawit , Oginni Oreoluwa , Bekele Bayu Begashaw 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Birth registration is a child's basic legal and social right which grants their presence and security in their lifetime. However, it was initiated very recently, and its magnitude has not been well examined in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study assessed the magnitude of birth registration of children under two years old in Southwestern Ethiopia. This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 689 mothers or caregivers who had children less than 24 months from 15 April 2023 to 05 June 2023. The study was carried out in Bench Sheko Zone, located in the Southwestern Region of Ethiopia. A face-to-face interview was used to collect data. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the factors associated with birth registration. In this study, 26.4%, 95% CI (23.2%-29.6%) children were registered during birth. Potential factors for birth registration and certification were having notifications about the importance and availability of birth registration (AOR = 21.8, 95% CI; 11.7–40.9), information about birth registration (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI; 1.4–11.3), and lower household income (AOR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.13–0.62). The current rate of birth registration in the region is very low, with only one-fourth of total births being registered. Birth notification, information about birth registration, and knowledge about birth registration were significant determinants of birth registration. Strategies like improving information dissemination, promoting institutional deliveries, and enhancing community engagement in the region can increase the rate of timely birth registration and ensure that every child's birth is officially recognized. This will put a building block for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Regulation of quality of naked oats under different irrigation regumes
Authors: Cheng Bo , Dai Hai-yan , Liu Hu , Tian Xiu-ming , Zhang Hui-min , Wang Jian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Naked oat (Avena nuda L.) is rich in protein, fat, soluble dietary fiber and other nutrients that the human body needs; it is an important grain, feed and forage crop. Here, we investigated the effects of different irrigation and fertilization conditions on naked oat yield and quality in semi-arid regions in agriculture-pastoral zone in semi-arid areas. The experiment was carried out in a non-weighing lysimeter with four irrigation quotas (750m3·ha− 1, 1500m3·ha− 1, 2250m3·ha− 1 and 3000 m3·ha− 1) and fertilizer versus non-fertilizer to analyze the effect of different water and fertilizer conditions on the yield and quality of naked oats. The seed yield of naked oats increased as irrigation quota increased, and the highest yield of 3253 kg·ha− 1 was achieved at 3000 m3·ha− 1. An increased irrigation quota promoted the synthesis of protein, group fiber, starch and amino acid and the breakdown of fat in naked oats. Fertilizer application improved naked oat seed yield by 42.5% and facilitated an increase in the levels of protein, fat, crude fiber, starch and amino acids. This experiment provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation of naked oats in agriculture-pastoral zone in semi-arid areas.
Influence of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Health-Related Quality of Life in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in China: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study
Authors: Wang Runnan , Liu Peizhao , Fan Chaogang , Liu Juanhan , Jiang Haiyang , Zheng Tao , Ren Jianan , Zhao Yun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Following the Chinese government's announcement that the zero-COVID policy had ended, there was a rapid and widespread outbreak of COVID-19. In this context, the condition and psychological impact on IBD patients were unknown, and prior literature lacked reports on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of IBD patients during large COVID-19 outbreaks in China. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the HRQoL of IBD patients during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.
Methods
We employed a cross-sectional survey via web-based questionnaires. The participants were IBD patients who had previously received treatment at Nanjing BenQ Medical Center. They completed the questionnaire between January 9, 2023, and January 23, 2023. We primarily assessed the HRQoL of IBD patients using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) scores, and statistical analyses included the Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results
According to our survey, significant differences were observed in the following groups based on SIBDQ scores: types of IBD (p = 0.037), usage of medication after COVID-19 infection (p = 0.028), whether IBD patients felt more susceptible to COVID-19 than the general population (p < 0.05), whether their study or work had been negatively affected by COVID-19 in the past month (p < 0.05), and whether IBD patients had taken medication regularly according to medical advice within the past month (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the overall HRQoL of IBD patients was affected. Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibited higher HRQoL than those with Crohn's disease (CD). Furthermore, IBD patients who maintained a positive attitude during the epidemic experienced higher HRQoL.
Development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) for simultaneous detection of White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND from cultured shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: kalaria kishan kishorchandra , K. Girisha S. , M.S. Nithin , T.G. Puneeth , T Suresh , K.B Kushala 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), and Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) are the major threats to the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. This study was conducted to develop multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) for the detection of shrimp pathogens. This study was conducted between January 2020 to July 2022. Total of 328 samples were collected from shrimp farms of Karnataka and they were screened for WSSV, EHP, and AHPND by M-PCR. Several parameters were optimized for the standardization of M-PCR. The specificity and sensitivity of the reaction were evaluated. The results showed that this technique can detect WSSV, AHPND, and EHP in a single reaction with high specificity. Sensitivity result showed it can detect WSSV (0.3 pg/µl), AHPND (0.1 pg/µl), and EHP (0.2 pg/µl). Out of 328 samples, 72 (21.9%) samples were found to be positive for EHP, 16 (4.8%) samples were found to have been infected by WSSV and 5 (1.5%) samples were found to have multiple infections with WSSV, and EHP. In consideration of the specificity and sensitivity of this technique, we conclude that M-PCR could be used instead of a conventional PCR assay targeting individual genes for the rapid detection of WSSV, AHPND, and EHP simultaneously.
An ERP Study on The Effects of Video Games on Stress Reactions of College Students
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Yang , lv zhao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Stress refers to a series of physiological and psychological reactions that occur in an organism when it is exposed to specific environmental influences in order to maintain internal homeostasis. Prolonged stress can have negative effects on psychological and physiological resilience, thus impacting health. Stress is a common manifestation in daily life, and contemporary electronic games have gained popularity as a form of entertainment, particularly action-based games which have emerged as a new type of sports activity. Although previous research has confirmed the role of the brain as the central regulator of stress responses and the ability of electronic games to modulate brain structure, further investigation is needed to understand the relationship between electronic games and the regulation of stress responses.
Methodology: This study utilized a modified version of the multiplication mental arithmetic task paradigm and BP electroencephalography equipment. The accuracy and reaction time of participants were examined in three stages under stress conditions. Additionally, EEG data signals were collected to analyze and compare the amplitude and latency of ERP components.
Results: The reaction time of the participants in the multiplication mental arithmetic task was significantly shorter under stress conditions compared to the control condition, while the accuracy was significantly lower. Following intervention with electronic games, the participants' reaction time in the mental arithmetic task was reduced. Even during the resting recovery period, the participants' reaction time remained significantly shorter than in the previous stages, accompanied by a significant increase in accuracy. The analysis of the ERP component data revealed that, under stress conditions, the amplitude of the P2 component was significantly lower compared to the control condition. Moreover, there were significant differences in the amplitude of the P1, P2, and LPP components during the recovery stage compared to the baseline testing and game intervention.
Conclusion: The multiplication mental arithmetic task successfully induced stress responses in the participants as a laboratory stressor. Male university students exhibited improved accuracy and faster reaction times after playing electronic games. Under stress conditions, male university students demonstrated a positive effect and enhanced inhibitory ability due to the delayed impact of electronic games.
Detection of −α 3.7 and _ _SEA deletions in α-globin gene in the Bangladeshi population
Authors: Tasnim Marzia , Ferdous Jannatul , Mannoor Kaiissar , Qadri Firdausi , Hosen Md. Ismail , Shekhar Hossain Uddin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: α-thalassemia, resulting largely from deletions in the α-globin chain of hemoglobin, is one of the most common inherited blood disorders among the Asian population. The α-globin gene locus (HBA1 and HBA2), located on chromosome 16p13.3, includes two highly homologous genes that produce identical α-globin protein products after translation. The most common single α-gene deletions are −α3.7 , −α4.2, – –SEA, – –FIL, – –THAI, – –MED and – –(α)20.5). Patients with α-thalassemic mutations often suffer from severe anemic conditions. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of α-thalassemia, mutation spectrum, and carrier frequency are unknown. This study aimed to detect the carrier frequency of the two most frequent α-gene mutations namely -α3.7 deletion and _ _SEA deletion in the α-globin gene in the Bangladeshi population.
Methods: Blood samples from 1824 participants were randomly collected from different educational institutions in Bangladesh. Complete Blood Counts (CBC) and Hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed for MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin), MCV (Mean Corpuscular volume), and HbA2 analysis to initially screen individuals with abnormal α-globin chains. For molecular analysis, genomic DNA extraction followed by conventional gap-PCR to detect -α3.7 deletion and real-time PCR-based melting-curve analysis to identify _ _SEA deletion were conducted. Sanger sequencing was performed for the detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) within the α-globin gene.
Results: 63 participants with decreased levels of MCH, MCV, and HbA2% were identified as suspected to have α-globin mutation. Among the suspected group, silent carrier status of -α3.7 deletion (αα/-α3.7) was found in 17.5% (11/63) samples, while 1 participant had trait genotype (-α3.7/-α3.7 or --/αα) and one individual had the triplicated genotype (αα/αααanti 3.7). A total of 37 healthy participants without any abnormal hematological parameters were also included in the deletion analysis.
In 37 healthy samples, the deletion frequency was 8.1% (3/37) for (αα/-α3.7) deletion, 2.7% (1/37) for the trait, and 2.7% (1/37) for the triplicated genotype. The _ _SEA deletion was not found in any sample, but SNP rs2541677(G>A) was detected within the region. For (rs2541677 (G>A) of α-globin, 91% (N = 91) wild type GG alleles, 6% (N = 6) AG alleles. 3%(N=3) AA alleles had been reported in this study among the enrolled population
Conclusion: These data provide a comprehensive picture of the common α deletion in the Bangladeshi population.
The FTO inhibitor Rhein is a promising option for the treatment of multidrug resistance AML
Authors: Zhang Shuling , Zhou Lanxia , Lu Jianle , Yang Jincai , Tao Lili , Feng Youfan , Cheng Juan , Zhao Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chemotherapy failure and resistance contribute to poor prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)patients. The fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is dysregulated and plays crucial roles in AML. we aim in exploring what role the FTO inhibitor Rhein played in multidrug resistance AML.
Methods
Bone marrow fluid was collected to clarify FTO expression in AML. Cell Counting Kit 8 reagent(CCK8) was used to detect the inhibition of proliferation. Migration assays were conducted using 24-well transwell chambers with 8-µm apertures. And flow cytometry and WB assays were used to clarify apoptotic effects of rhein and proteins changes. The online SynergyFinder software was utilized to calculate drug synergy scores.
Results
We observed that FTO is overexpressed in AML, particularly in AML occurred multidrug resistance. Rhein significantly suppresses proliferation and migration in parent and multidrug-resistant AML cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In particular, multidrug-resistant AML cells did not show resistance to Rhein. Furthermore, Rhein promotes apoptosis and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 while increasing the expression of Bax. Additionally, Rhein suppressed FTO expression and inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. We also identified that low-dose Rhein in combination with AZA could sensitize HL60 and HL60-ADR cells to AZA.
Conclusion
Rhein significantly suppresses proliferation and migration, promotes apoptosis, sensitive to multidrug-resistant AML cells, is a promising candidate for treating multidrug-resistant AML.
Posterior default mode network activity underlies distracted interoceptive attention and provides an objective basis for low mindfulness &amp; depression
Authors: Mishra Jyoti , Ramanathan Dhakshin , Grennan Gillian , Nan Jason , jaiswal Satish , Purpura Suzanna , Manchanda James , Maric Vojislav , Balasubramani Pragathi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Interoceptive attention to internal sensory signals is fundamental to mindfulness. However, it is difficult to measure objectively, and the vast majority of investigations of the neural correlates of mindfulness-based attention rely on subjective and retrospective measures of distraction. In this study, we measured consistency of response times on a breath-monitoring task (instruction to respond every two breath cycles) to objectively measure interoceptive attention in individuals across the lifespan (15–91 years of age, n = 324). Consistently timed responses were indicative of on-task attention, whereas variable delayed responses indicated distraction or mind-wandering. Signifying the importance of interoceptive attention consistency, we observed that this measure was positively correlated across subjects with performance across several exteroceptive cognitive tasks. Electroencephalographic (EEG) source reconstruction demonstrated that distraction on the eyes-closed task was associated with elevated alpha band (8–12 Hz) brain activity particularly in posterior default mode network (pDMN) brain regions. The neural data revealed four important findings: 1) pDMN brain activity was inversely linked with functional connectivity to the fronto-parietal network (FPN), suggesting that pDMN-FPN interactions play a key role in the regulation of pDMN activity during interoceptive attention. 2) pDMN activity on distracted trials was inversely correlated with trait level mindfulness. 3) A key hub of the pDMN, the isthmus region of the posterior cingulate cortex (ICC), showed elevated activity on distracted trials in individuals with self-reported depressive symptoms. And 4) in an independent second experiment, pDMN activity was adaptively modulated by task difficulty that invoked different levels of distraction. These results identify an EEG-based neurophysiological marker (elevated pDMN alpha activity) underlying interoceptive distraction, which is correlated with subjective markers of mindfulness and depression and that can be adaptively modulated. Our findings, thus, provide a direct link between a neurophysiological substrate of interoceptive attention, and subjective ratings of mindfulness and depressed mood.
Hybrid sequence-based analysis reveals the distribution of bacterial species and genes in the oral microbiome at a high resolution
Authors: Yamaguchi Masaya , Uchihashi Toshihiro , Kawabata Shigetada 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Bacteria in the oral microflora are poorly identified owing to the lack of established culture methods for them. Thus, this study aimed to use culture-free analysis techniques, including bacterial single-cell genome sequencing, to identify bacterial species and investigate gene distribution in saliva. Saliva samples from the same individual were classified as inactivated or culturable and then analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and bacterial single-cell sequencing. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed similar microbiota structures in both samples, with Streptococcus being the predominant genus. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing showed that approximately 80% of the DNA in the samples was of non-bacterial origin, whereas single-cell sequencing showed an average contamination rate of 10.4% per genome. Single-cell sequencing also yielded genome sequences for 43 out of 48 wells for the inactivated samples and 45 out of 48 wells for the culturable samples. With respect to resistance genes, four out of 88 isolates carried cfxA, which encodes a β-lactamase, and four isolates carried erythromycin resistance genes. Tetracycline resistance genes were found in nine bacteria. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing provided complete sequences of cfxA, ermF, and ermX, whereas other resistance genes, such as tetQ and tetM, were detected as fragments. In addition, virulence factors from Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most common, with 13 genes detected. This study demonstrates that single-cell sequencing can be used to investigate the distribution of resistance genes and virulence factors among individual bacteria in human saliva.