bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours over 7 days in Malaysian children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Brady Sophia M. , Salway Ruth , Mariapun Jeevitha , Millard Louise , Ramadas Amutha , Rizal Hussein , Skinner Andy , Stone Chris , Johnson Laura , Su Tin Tin , Armstrong Miranda E. G. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Quantifying movement behaviours over 24-hours enables the combined effects of and inter-relations between sleep, sedentary time and physical activity (PA) to be understood. This is the first study describing 24-hour movement behaviours in school-aged children and adolescents in South-East Asia. Further aims were to investigate between-participant differences in movement behaviours by demographic characteristics and timing of data collection during Ramadan and COVID-19 restrictions.

Methods
Data came from the South-East Asia Community Observatory health surveillance cohort, 2021–2022. Children aged 7–18 years within selected households in Segamat, Malaysia wore an Axivity AX6 accelerometer on their wrist for 24 hours/day over 7 days, completed the PAQ-C questionnaire, and demographic information was obtained. Accelerometer data was processed using GGIR to determine time spent asleep, inactive, in light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Differences in accelerometer-measured PA by demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic group) were explored using univariate linear regression. Differences between data collected during vs outside Ramadan or during vs after COVID-19 restrictions, were investigated through univariate and multiple linear regressions, adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity.

Results
The 491 participants providing accelerometer data spent 8.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.9–8.4) hours/day asleep, 12.4 (95% CI = 12.2–12.7) hours/day inactive, 2.8 (95% CI = 2.7–2.9) hours/day in LPA, and 33.0 (95% CI = 31.0–35.1) minutes/day in MVPA. Greater PA and less time inactive were observed in boys vs girls, children vs adolescents, Indian and Chinese vs Malay children and higher income vs lower income households. Data collection during Ramadan or during COVID-19 restrictions were not associated with MVPA engagement after adjustment for demographic characteristics.

Conclusions
Demographic characteristics remained the strongest correlates of accelerometer-measured 24-hour movement behaviours in Malaysian children and adolescents. Future studies should seek to understand why predominantly girls, adolescents and children from Malay ethnicities have particularly low movement behaviours within Malaysia.
FEATURES OF MANIFESTATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF HYDROLYSIS LIGNIN IN POLYETHYLENE FILMS, ANTAGONISM OF LIGNIN AND LICHEN EXTRACTS
Authors: Vorobyova Elena Valerievna 
Published: February 2024

The work experimentally studied the antioxidant properties of hydrolyzed lignin powder in the composition of polyethylene films, showing the possibility of increasing the antioxidant capacity of lignin powder in the polymer matrix due to the adsorption of compounds with antioxidant properties on its surface.
Samples of polyethylene films with a lignin content of 1–7% wt. obtained by thermal pressing. Thermal-oxidative testing of polymer films was carried out at a temperature of 150 °C. Monitoring of the oxidation process was carried out by IR spectroscopy, using the absorption band at 1720 cm-1, which corresponds to carbonyl groups.
Experiments on adsorption of ascorbic acid and resorcinol (weak antioxidants) on the surface of lignin particles were carried out. An increase in the antioxidant properties of modified lignin in the composition of polyethylene films was noted.
Lignin modification with Evernia prunastri lichen extracts; Parmelia sulcata; Hypogymnia physodes led to antagonism (negative synergism) of antioxidant properties in the polymer composition: the thermal-oxidative stability of the experimental polymer films turned out to be extremely low. At the same time, the extracts of the lichens Evernia prunastri, Parmelia sulcata, Hypogymnia physodes themselves exhibit high antioxidant activity in the composition of polyethylene films. The ATR spectra of lignin powders and UV/VIS spectra of lichen extracts were studied before and after mutual contacting. Analysis of the spectra indicates a decrease in the number of oxygen-containing groups of lignin, which determine its antioxidant capacity.
Dutch Colonization and Slavery of Asia: From Apology to Reparation
Authors: Steinmetz Carl H. D. 
Published: February 2024

This article is about the history of forced apologies and reparations for the 350 years of Dutch colonization and the Dutch war of occupation of the Republic of Indonesia from 1945-1949, the trade in enslaved people, the extermination of the indigenous population, their replacement by people willing to serve the Dutch colonists, and the looting and plundering of natural mineral resources and earthly products such as nutmeg. The apologies issued are half-hearted, enforced by lawsuits that focus on a few rather than entire populations. The apologies are limited to the Republic of Indonesia and then only for the period 1945-1949. Currently, the Netherlands is considering apologies and possibly reparations for the suffering inflicted on Africans in the transatlantic triangle. In the process, Asian genocides, torture, executions, beheadings, enslavement of people, and looting and robbery of people and land are being covered up. Perhaps this is neo-colonization at its best. This article also makes a proposal, based on the insights of the international reparations movement and transactional justice, in the hope that the Netherlands and its Dutch municipalities will begin to mend their ways. At the heart of this proposal are methods for apologizing and repairing suffering. This can only be done together with our Asian sisters and brothers.
Γ-convergence analysis of the nonlinear self-energy induced by edge dislocations in semi-discrete and discrete models in two dimensions
Authors: Alicandro Roberto , De Luca Lucia , Palombaro Mariapia , Ponsiglione Marcello 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We propose nonlinear semi-discrete and discrete models for the elastic energy induced by a finite system of edge dislocations in two dimensions.
Within the dilute regime, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of the nonlinear elastic energy, as the core-radius (in the semi-discrete model) and the lattice spacing (in the purely discrete one) vanish.
Our analysis passes through a linearization procedure within the rigorous framework of Γ-convergence.
Oldies but goldies? Comparing the trustworthiness and credibility of ‘new’ and ‘old’ information intermediaries
Authors: Weidmüller Lisa , Engesser Sven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
People increasingly access news through ‘new’, algorithmic intermediaries such as search engines or aggregators rather than the ‘old’ (i. e., traditional), journalistic intermediaries. As algorithmic intermediaries do not adhere to journalistic standards, their trustworthiness comes into question. With this study, we (1) summarize the differences between journalistic and algorithmic intermediaries as found in previous literature; (2) conduct a cross-media comparison of information credibility and intermediary trustworthiness; and (3) examine how key predictors (such as modality, reputation, source attribution, and prior experience) affect the trustworthiness and credibility assessments. Results from a quasi-experimental online survey (n = 485) confirm that recipients assess journalistic intermediaries more positively than algorithmic intermediaries and audio more positively than text intermediaries. Furthermore, we found reputation and information credibility to be the most important predictors of intermediary trustworthiness, while general media trust is the most important predictor of information credibility. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Periodic orbits in the thin part of strata
Authors: Hamenstädt Ursula 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Let S be a closed oriented surface of
genus

g
≥
0

{g\geq 0}

with

n
≥
0

{n\geq 0}

punctures and

3
⁢
g

-
3

+
n

≥
5

{3g-3+n\geq 5}

.
Let

𝒬

{{\mathcal{Q}}}

be a connected component
of a stratum in the moduli space

𝒬
⁢

(
S
)

{{\mathcal{Q}}(S)}

of area one
meromorphic quadratic differentials on S with n
simple poles at the punctures
or in the moduli space

ℋ
⁢

(
S
)

{{\mathcal{H}}(S)}

of abelian differentials on S if

n
=
0

{n=0}

.
For a compact subset K of

𝒬
⁢

(
S
)

{{\mathcal{Q}}(S)}

or of

ℋ
⁢

(
S
)

{{\mathcal{H}}(S)}

,
we show that the asymptotic growth rate of the number of periodic orbits for the
Teichmüller flow

Φ
t

{\Phi^{t}}

on

𝒬

{{\mathcal{Q}}}

which are entirely contained in

𝒬
-
K

{{\mathcal{Q}}-K}

is at least

h
⁢

(
𝒬
)

-
1

{h({\mathcal{Q}})-1}

,
where

h
⁢

(
𝒬
)

>
0

{h({\mathcal{Q}})>0}

is the complex dimension of

ℝ
+

⁢
𝒬

{\mathbb{R}^{+}{\mathcal{Q}}}

.
Kefaya Ba2a as cringe comedy and the multimodal humorous stunts of the podcast’s communitas
Authors: Oleimy Dina M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this research is to investigate how Egyptian podcast Kefaya Ba2a (That is Enough!) is a good instance of cringe comedy that aims at critising and commenting on social issues in a sarcastic manner. This research presents an interpretive reading of the podcast as a cultural practice that leads to creating a discourse (or narrative) that provides different/alternative knowledge breaking social norms. The meanings and themes delivered through the podcast’s narratives manage to create a communication code that is shared and negotiated by the Kefaya Ba2a digi-communitas on the podcast’s Facebook page (https://www.facebook.com/groups/kefayaba2a). The analytical framework of this research is based on the frame that both Kress and Van Leeuwen propose through their theory of multimodal communication (Kress, Gunther & Theo Van Leeuwen. 2001. Multimodal discourse: The modes and media of contemporary communication. Arnold Publishers). The theory suggests a four-strata-frame that focuses on different multimodal resources that contribute to meaning-making. This research investigates the different semiotic resources that all combine to create the discourse of Kefaya Ba2a which takes humour as its major tool to deliver certain messages. It also explores the effect of Kefaya Ba2a’s discourse on its audience who have the chance to respond to it on the podcast’s Facebook page. Different response patterns are demonstrated to show how Kefaya Ba2a’s discourse turns to into a user-generated content that opens the opportunity for new readings of the original discourse. In this regard, multimodality is investigated to show how audience communicates with the themes and topics the podcast tackles using multimodal resources to generate their readings.
Strain-life behavior of thick-walled nodular cast iron
Authors: Bleicher Christoph , Pittel Christian , Kansy Axel , Niewiadomski Jan , Kaufmann Heinz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For the design of thick-walled cast iron components used for wind energy turbines, large machines, presses, and engine parts made of nodular cast iron, the assessment of fatigue life of critical component areas is a crucial point to consider. Importance increases with the demand to safe resources by applying a lightweight design in combination with a certain resistance against extreme loads and misuse situations. Moreover, this gets more important when notches or deviations in the local microstructure are present. Nevertheless, due to accessibility, a lack in the description of the local strain-based material behavior still exists. Especially new cast iron grades such as ADI are not well investigated but offer an often-discussed potential for a lightweight design of the structure or to increase the highest admissible load on the structure. To determine the cyclic material behavior of nodular cast iron, different grades EN-GJS-400-18LT, EN-GJS-450-18, EN-GJS-500-14, EN-GJS-600-3, EN-GJS-700-2, and ADI in different wall thicknesses were investigated concerning their elastic–plastic material behavior under strain control. Moreover, new possibilities for the trilinear description of the strain-life and the stress–strain curve and the statistical and technological size effect are discussed in the following based on cyclic stress–strain and strain-life curves.
Experimental and numerical investigation of patch effect on the bending behavior for hat-shaped carbon fiber composite beams
Authors: Albayrak Mustafa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, reinforced composite panels with hat-shaped profile were produced from woven carbon fiber fabrics by vacuum infusion method. Holes were drilled on the crown surface of these panels and repaired with composite patches. The mechanical behavior was examined by performing a three-point bending test on the obtained patched and unpatched specimens. The contribution of the repair to the failure load of the damaged specimens under bending load has been clearly determined. In the numerical part, Hashin damage criterion was used for the beginning of damage. For damage progression, both Continuum Damage Mechanics and Material Property Degradation methods were preferred and compared. In the analysis carried out using the finite element package program Workbench, the cohesive zone model (CZM) was added to the model and its effect on the damage behavior and load of the composite structure was determined. As a result of the experiments and analyses, it was seen that the maximum contact force of the specimens under the bending load decreased by 29.8 % by increasing the number of holes on the specimen surface from 1 to 3. The maximum contact force was determined to increase by 18.52 % due to repairing the three-hole specimens with a patch.
Two new naturally dimers constituent from Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora plant and their bioactivity
Authors: Noviany Noviany , Osman Hasnah , Mohamad Suriyati , Irawan Bambang , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta , Suwandi Jhons F. , Hadi Sutopo , Aminah Nanik S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A new dimer of natural isoflavonoid along with some known flavonoid compounds was successfully isolated from the roots of Indonesian Sesbania grandiflora plant using ethyl acetate extraction. The new compound specified as naturally bi-isoflavonoid with (4→6) inter-isoflavanyl linkage and four known flavonoids xenognosin B, liquiritigenin, 7,2′4′-trihydroxyisoflavone, demethylvestitol, and 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol was isolated and the antituberculosis activity of the compounds was studied. The structure of all compounds was elucidated with the aid of 1D and 2D NMR, UV spectroscopy, and HRESI mass spectrometry. The data obtained were also compared with the previous published data. Among compounds, 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol was found to exhibit the highest activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv with the MIC’s value of 10.9 µM while the biisoflavonoid with (4→6) inter-isoflavanyl linkage showed moderate activity with the MIC’s value of 92.2 nM, compared with isozianid as a positive control with the MIC’s value of 0.569 nM. It is worth to note that 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol and biisoflavonoid with (4→6) inter-isoflavanyl linkage were isolated for the first time from a natural source. Both compounds have been previously reported as synthetic compounds, which is synonymous with 3,4- trans-4-[(3S)-7,2′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavan-6-yl]-7,2′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavan and 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol, respectively. In this respect, the results of this study suggest that the roots of S. grandiflora is a potential source of new natural product compounds, with promising bioactivities.
Microstructural analysis of the cast and melt-spun high entropy noble alloy Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20
Authors: Simić L. , Kneissl A. C. , Anžel I. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
High entropy alloys (HEA) represent a relatively new class of materials with promising properties for various applications. In recent years, these alloys have received considerable attention as potential heterogeneous catalysts in chemical and electrochemical reactions. Their enhanced catalytic activity is controlled by chemical composition, surface atomic coordination, electronic configuration and degree of microstructural metastability. Single-phase HEAs are of particular importance, because they possess a uniform microstructure that is useful for designing and prediction of mechanical and potential functional properties. The cooling rate has a significant impact on the formation of the microstructure, affecting the size of grains, as well as distribution and composition of precipitates and phases that are being formed during solidification. The influence of different cooling rates on the microstructure of the alloy Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20 was studied in our research work. The microstructure and phase constituents were characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Diffraction. Liquid phase separation with a consequential monotectic reaction resulted in an anomalous multiphase cast microstructure. With an increase in the cooling rate using the melt spinning technique, the number of formed phases and the size of the grains decreased and the high entropy supersaturated solid solution was attained, as the atoms in the alloy did not have enough time to diffuse and to rearrange themselves into a stable, ordered structure. It was also confirmed that higher cooling rates cause severe lattice distortion and create coordinatively unsaturated sites at the surface which are essential for the bonding and activation of the reactants and therefore improve the potential catalytic properties of the Ag20Pd20Pt20Cu20Ni20 alloy significantly.
“Gap” matters: reflections on the notion of “gap” of relative clauses
Authors: Wu Tong , Luo Yaohua , Xiao Renfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aims to re-examine the essential notion of “gap” in the studies of relative clauses. Following Creissels’ (Creissels, Denis. 2006.Syntaxe générale: une introduction typologique. Paris: Hermès; Creissels, Denis. 2019. Remarks on the typology of noun-modifying clause constructions. Paper presented at the Conference of Complex Sentences, Central China Normal University, 26–29 July) discussion, we argue that there are at least three types of gaps in terms of their respective compositions, namely the gap corresponding to a zero-marked constituent, the gap corresponding to a case-marked constituent, and the gap corresponding to an adposition-marked constituent. This classification, which is not based on the grammatical relation of the relativized constituent in the relative clause but focuses on the composition of the gap, can better explain the existence of the so-called “enlarged gap”, a special type of gap that has been almost completely ignored so far. Moreover, this marking-based approach can shed new light on Keenan and Comrie’s (Keenan, Edward & Bernard Comrie. 1977. Noun phrase accessibility and universal grammar.Linguistic Inquiry8(1). 63–99) Accessibility Hierarchy. In particular, we argue that some interplay of the syntactic position and the morphological marking of a syntactic object determines whether the constituent can be relativized.
The operators of stochastic calculus
Authors: Jorgensen Palle , Tian James 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study a family of representations of the canonical commutation
relations (CCR)-algebra, which we refer to as “admissible,”
with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. We establish a direct
correlation between each admissible representation and a corresponding
Gaussian stochastic calculus. Moreover, we derive the operators of
Malliavin’s calculus of variation using an algebraic approach, which
differs from the conventional methods. The Fock-vacuum representation
leads to a maximal symmetric pair. This duality perspective offers
the added advantage of resolving issues related to unbounded operators
and dense domains much more easily than with alternative approaches.
Formulating additives in thermoresponsive surfactant-based nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Denk Patrick , Matthews Lauren , Zemb Thomas , Kunz Werner 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bicelles can be formed by mixing in given mole fractions two ethoxylated alkyl ether carboxylic acid surfactants of very different HLB in water. We determine the effect of adding three of the most used additives in formulation in health- and home care: propylene glycol, glycerol, and ethanol. The effects of additives are determined and compared in a concentrated isotropic phase above the LCST, a pseudo-lamellar phase, and a discotic nematic phase. The two latter are birefringent, and the nematic phase is viscoelastic. Propylene glycol acts as a co-solvent, improving the temperature stability of the nematic phase up to 20 wt% propylene glycol. Further addition of propylene glycol reduces the phase transition temperatures, inducing microstructural changes due to headgroup dehydration and preferential solubilization of the hydrophilic short chain surfactant. Glycerol acts as an anti-solvent, progressively decreasing phase transition temperatures by dehydration of headgroups. Ethanol is a good co-solvent for the surfactant-mixture. Adding up to 5 wt% ethanol increases the temperature stability of the nematic phase. Higher concentrations of ethanol lead to a single isotropic phase with increasingly molecular dissolution of the surfactants. The effect of the considered additives on molecular packing is followed by high resolution X-ray scattering.
The assessment of pollutant waste generated by battery and its effect on the environment: a concise review
Authors: Singh Ambrish , Ansari Kashif R. , Ali Ismat H. , Alanazi Abdullah K. , Younas Muhammad , Alamri Aeshah H. , Lin Yuanhua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With annualized expansion rates close to 8 % in 2018 and a projected range of 18–30 % by 2030, wasted batteries are a continual economic and ecological concern due to the growing use of electronic gadgets. The improper preservation and handling of waste discharges are not regulated, which allows for their accumulation in public areas and the release of dangerous materials into the ecosystem at the landfill. To improve the energy properties and lifespan of batteries, current advancements in battery manufacturing mandate the application of novel materials for electrolytes and nanomaterials for cathode materials. Novel battery chemicals may further complicate recycling and containment efforts because it still needs to be determined how much of an influence they will have on the ecosystem. Only a few nations can now recycle mass-manufactured lithium batteries, making up barely 5 % of the more than 345,000 tonnes of garbage produced worldwide in 2018. To provide evidence for policy and legislation, this concise review intends to incorporate current describe and emergent battery pollutant, their adverse ecological aftermath, and ongoing diagnostic techniques.