bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A standard approach for including climate change responses in IUCN Red List assessments
Authors: Mancini Giordano , Santini Luca , Cazalis Victor , Akçakaya H. Reşit , Lucas Pablo M. , Brooks Thomas M. , Foden Wendy , Di Marco Moreno 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is a central tool for extinction risk monitoring and influences global biodiversity policy and action. But, to be effective, it is crucial that it consistently accounts for each driver of extinction. Climate change is rapidly becoming a key extinction driver, but consideration of climate change information remains challenging for the IUCN. Several methods can be used to predict species’ future decline, but they often fail to provide estimates of the symptoms of endangerment used by IUCN. We devised a standardized method to measure climate change impact in terms of change in habitat quality to inform criterion A3 on future population reduction. Using terrestrial nonvolant tetrapods as a case study, we measured this impact as the difference between the current and the future species climatic niche, defined based on current and future bioclimatic variables under alternative model algorithms, dispersal scenarios, emission scenarios, and climate models. Our models identified 171 species (13% out of those analyzed) for which their current red‐list category could worsen under criterion A3 if they cannot disperse beyond their current range in the future. Categories for 14 species (1.5%) could worsen if maximum dispersal is possible. Although ours is a simulation exercise and not a formal red‐list assessment, our results suggest that considering climate change impacts may reduce misclassification and strengthen consistency and comprehensiveness of IUCN Red List assessments.
A case for stronger integration of physical landscape processes in conservation science and practice
Authors: Cienciala Piotr 
Published: December 2023

AbstractI argue that the dynamic nature of contemporary, landscape‐shaping (geomorphic) processes deserves more consideration in conservation science and practice. In an analysis of a sample of fundamental terms related to geomorphology and area‐based conservation in the Web of Science, I found that the terms co‐occurred in <2% of the analyzed entries (titles, abstracts, and keywords) from 2000 to 2020. This result is indicative of the rather peripheral attention that, more broadly, landscape‐shaping processes seem to receive in the conservation literature. Among conservation scientists and practitioners, landforms that define the physical structure of habitat are often perceived as largely static, whereas the consideration of their dynamic adjustments to geomorphic processes is often limited to extreme events. I use examples derived from river‐floodplain environments to illustrate strong, multifaceted, and reciprocal interactions between biota and various erosional and depositional processes. These ubiquitous interdependencies clearly demonstrate that geomorphic processes are an integral part of ecosystem dynamics at time scales relevant for conservation. Crucially, erosional and depositional processes modulate many environmental impacts of past and current anthropogenic activities. I conclude that the absence of a more explicit and widespread consideration of geomorphic processes in conservation science and practice is surprising and detrimental to their effectiveness. I call for bolstered efforts among the conservation and geoscience communities to better integrate landscape dynamics within the field of conservation. The rise of the ecosystem‐based and social‐ecological systems approaches to conservation and the growth of interdisciplinary geoscience branches (e.g., biogeomorphology, ecohydraulics, and geoconservation) will facilitate such an integration.
Gender differences in allergic contact dermatitis to common allergens
Authors: Boonchai Waranya , Likittanasombat Surachanee , Viriyaskultorn Noldtawat , Kanokrungsee Silada 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGender‐based differences in skin structure, physiology, and allergen exposure can influence contact dermatitis development.ObjectiveThis study investigated the differences and trends in contact sensitizers, focusing on the top 10 allergens and personal care product (PCP) contact allergies from a gender perspective.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of 5998 patients undergoing patch testing at an occupational and contact dermatitis clinic in a Thai, university‐based, tertiary referral hospital from January 2001 to December 2021. Patients' characteristics and patch test results were collected.ResultsFemales had a higher positive patch test rate than males (71.8% vs. 65%, p < 0.001). However, males showed a greater prevalence of occupationally related allergic contact dermatitis (15.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed associations between being female and allergies to colophonium (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07–1.99, p = 0.019), formaldehyde (aOR 1.97, 95% CI 1.17–13.31, p = 0.010), fragrance mix I (aOR 1.66, 95% CI 1.34–2.07, p < 0.001), MCI/MI (aOR 2.55, 95% CI 1.90–3.44, p < 0.001), neomycin (aOR 4.15, 95% CI 2.54–6.80, p < 0.001), and nickel (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 2.17–3.15, p < 0.001). Conversely, being male correlated with allergies to carba mix (aOR 0.51, 95% CI 0.41–0.64, p < 0.001), epoxy resin (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.47, p < 0.001), n‐isopropyl‐n‐phenyl‐4‐phenylenediamine (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20–0.83, p = 0.014), paraben mix (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.32–0.56, p < 0.001), and potassium dichromate (aOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58–0.84, p < 0.001). Positive reactions to PCPs stood at 13% overall (males 17.1%, females 12.2%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsGender plays a pivotal role in contact dermatitis. This work emphasises the importance of considering gender‐specific factors when diagnosing and managing contact allergies.
Context‐dependent approach and avoidance behavioral profiles as predictors of psychopathology
Authors: Kelsey Caroline M. , Fasman Anna , Quigley Kelsey , Dickerson Kelli , Enlow Michelle Bosquet , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInhibition (a temperamental profile characterized by elevated levels of avoidance behaviors) is associated with increased likelihood for developing anxiety and depression, whereas exuberance (a temperamental profile characterized by elevated levels of approach behaviors) is associated with increased likelihood for developing externalizing conditions (e.g., attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder). However, not all children who exhibit high levels of approach or avoidance behaviors develop emotional or behavioral problems. In this preregistered study, we assessed context‐dependent profiles of approach and avoidance behaviors in 3‐year‐old children (N = 366). Using latent profile analysis, four groups were identified: nonsocial approachers, social approachers, social avoiders, and nonsocial avoiders. Analyses revealed that there were minimal differences in internalizing and externalizing symptoms across the four context‐dependent groups. However, exploratory analyses assessed whether high levels of approach or avoidance combined across contexts, similar to findings reported in prior work, were related to psychopathology. Children identified as high in avoidance behavior at 3 years of age were more likely to show internalizing symptoms at 3 years of age but not at 5 years of age. Children high in approach were more likely to meet criteria for anxiety and externalizing disorders by age 5 years. These findings further our understanding of individual differences in how young children adjust their behavior based on contextual cues and may inform methods for identifying children at increased likelihood for the development of emotional and behavioral problems.Research Highlights
Context‐dependent approach and avoidance profiles were identified in 3‐year‐old children using a person‐centered approach.
Children who were high in approach behavior, regardless of context, at age three had a higher likelihood for developing an anxiety or externalizing disorder by age five.
These findings may help identify children at increased risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems.
Very high‐cycle fatigue life prediction of high‐strength steel based on machine learning
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Zhang Siyuan , Cong Tao , Zeng Fan , Wang Xi , Wang Wenjing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVery high‐cycle fatigue life (VHCF) prediction of high‐strength steel based on machine learning (ML) was investigated in this paper. First, a total of 173 sets of experimental data on the VHCF of high‐strength steel were collected to train the ML model. The sensitivity coefficient analysis indicated that inclusion size and maximum stress were the strongest correlation parameters with fatigue life and selected as the input features for the final model training. The S–N curve predicted by the obtained ML model closely aligns with the actual S–N curve. Among the three algorithm models, namely, random forest, XG boost, and gradient boosting, the gradient boosting model exhibited superior performance and achieved the highest accuracy in predicting the VHCF life of high‐strength steel. A comparison between the Murakami model and the gradient boosting model was conducted. It is indicated that ML exhibits superior predictive performance with high efficiency and excellent accuracy.
Boron coordination and three‐membered ring formation in sodium borate glasses: a machine‐learning molecular dynamics study
Authors: Kato Takeyuki , Lodesani Federica , Urata Shingo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClassical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations that employ analytical force fields have been commonly utilized to investigate mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of oxide glasses owing to their superior computational efficiency. Conversely, simple functional forms limit the accuracy in modeling complicated glass structures, specifically, in alkaline borate glasses, which exhibit boron coordination numbers that vary nonlinearly with changes in glass composition and temperature. Machine‐learning potentials (MLPs), which are trained using datasets on energy and force evaluated via the density functional theory (DFT), are garnering significant attention as a novel simulation technology for enhancing the accuracy in modeling materials. Therefore, this study applied a universal MLP, PreFerred Potential (PFP) (trade‐name: Matlantis), to model sodium borate glasses, and its accuracy was verified in reproducing boron coordination and ring structures by comparing its results to available experimental data. We found that PFP can quantitatively reproduce the boron coordination change with glass composition without any empirical correction, while the boron coordination in the melts at high temperatures is overestimated, even though the qualitative variation was better estimated than CMD simulations. Furthermore, the MLP could generate many 3‐rings, unlike the analytical force‐field. Accordingly, we demonstrated superior accuracy of the MLP in modeling alkaline borate glasses, while discussing the challenges faced in reproducing the elaborated microstructures in borate glasses.
Long‐term associations between early attachment and parenting and adolescent susceptibility to post‐traumatic distress in a South African high‐risk sample
Authors: Haag Katharina , Halligan Sarah L. , Hiller Rachel , Skeen Sarah , Tomlinson Mark 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIt has been proposed that children and young people living in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) are not only exposed more frequently to trauma but also have a higher likelihood of encountering traumas of greater severity than those living in high‐income countries (HICs). This may lead to higher rates of post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). However, developmental pathways to risk or resilience after trauma exposure in LMICs are underresearched.MethodsWe examined early parenting and attachment as potentially important formative factors for later stress reactivity in a longitudinal cohort of South African children (N = 449). Parenting and attachment were assessed at child age 18 months, and interpersonal trauma exposure, PTSS and parenting stress were measured at 13 years (N = 333; core sample with data on all measures: N = 213). Following a vulnerability‐stress approach, separate regression models were run to investigate whether parent–child attachment at 18 months, parental sensitivity and intrusiveness during play at 12 months, and current parenting stress at 13 years, interacted with adolescents' extent of interpersonal trauma exposure to predict their PTSS levels at 13 years.ResultsWe found no predictive effects of either early attachment or current parenting stress in relation to child PTSS. There was some evidence for predictive influences of parental early intrusiveness and sensitivity on adolescent outcomes, though associations were unexpectedly positive for the latter. No interaction effects supporting a vulnerability‐stress model were found.ConclusionsOverall, we found limited evidence that elements of the early parent–child environment predict child risk/resilience to trauma in LMIC children. Future studies should include more frequent assessments of relevant constructs to capture changes over time and consider further what comprises adaptive parenting in high‐risk contexts.
Innovative use of hazelnut skin and starch modifications in sourdough bread formulation
Authors: Durmus Yusuf , Anil Munir , Simsek Senay 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to explore the use of hazelnut skin and modified starches as functional additives in sourdough bread to valorize food byproducts and maintain product quality. We examined the incorporation of 5% and 10% hazelnut skin in tandem with 3% and 5% cross‐linked and oxidized starches into the bread matrix. Our methods included quantitative analysis of nutritional composition changes, and end product quality. Adding 5% hazelnut skin enhanced loaf volume and resulted in a softer crumb structure. Hazelnut skin at 5% significantly (p < 0.05) increased bread volume. Hardness values ranged from 2.21 to 11.3 N. In conclusion, sourdough bread formulated with 5% hazelnut skin optimizes quality in terms of volume and softness. Modified starches can be strategically employed to adjust textural challenges presented by the inclusion of dietary fibers. This study demonstrates that strategic ingredient additions can lead to improved utilization of food byproducts while enhancing bread characteristics.Practical applicationsThis study presents a novel approach to enhancing sourdough bread quality by incorporating hazelnut skin, a sustainable and underutilized byproduct of the nut industry. The successful addition of 5% hazelnut skin improves loaf volume and softness, which could significantly benefit the bakery sector by providing a means to produce a superior product with added nutritional value. Moreover, the use of modified starches helps mitigate the textural challenges often associated with fiber enrichment in bread, thus allowing bakeries to offer products that cater to health‐conscious consumers without compromising on sensory qualities. The industrial adoption of this method can lead to reduced food waste, as hazelnut byproducts are valorized, and may resonate with eco‐friendly branding strategies. Our findings support the potential for food industries to create breads with enhanced consumer appeal while contributing to environmental sustainability.
Prostate‐specific antigen: An unfamiliar protein in the human salivary glands
Authors: Isola Michela , Maxia Cristina , Murtas Daniela , Ekström Jörgen , Isola Raffaella , Loy Francesco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe presence of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in saliva and salivary glands has been reported. Nevertheless, its release pathway in these glands remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed PSA subcellular distribution focusing on its plausible route in human salivary parenchyma.Materials and MethodsSections of parotid and submandibular glands were subjected to the immunohistochemical demonstration of PSA by the streptavidin–biotin method revealed by alkaline phosphatase. Moreover, ultrathin sections were collected on nickel grids and processed for immunocytochemical analysis, to visualize the intracellular distribution pattern of PSA through the observation by transmission electron microscopy.ResultsBy immunohistochemistry, in both parotid and submandibular glands PSA expression was detected in serous secretory acini and striated ducts. By immunocytochemistry, immunoreactivity was retrieved in the cytoplasmic compartment of acinar and ductal cells, often associated with small cytoplasmic vesicles. PSA labeling appeared also on rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the acini's lumen. A negligible PSA labeling appeared in most of the secretory granules of both glands.ConclusionsOur findings clearly support that human parotid and submandibular glands are involved in PSA secretion. Moreover, based on the immunoreactivity pattern, its release in oral cavity would probably occur by minor regulated secretory or constitutive‐like secretory pathways.
The association between personality, relationship satisfaction, and psychopathology in a three‐wave, longitudinal study
Authors: Dashineau Samantha , Napolitano Skye , South Susan C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this work was to better understand the role of personality as it relates to psychopathology, with satisfaction as a mediating variable.BackgroundPersonality is an important determinant of many life outcomes including relationship satisfaction and psychopathology. Previous work has demonstrated that broad domains of normal personality have low‐to‐moderate associations with various forms of psychopathology. Research has primarily focused on mechanisms that might explain how common personality traits put one at risk for common forms of psychopathology; this work builds upon existing work in examining relationship satisfaction as one possible mechanism. No study to date has examined whether relationship satisfaction mediates the connection between personality and psychopathology.MethodWe utilized multilevel modeling in a longitudinal sample of 100 newlywed couples to test the hypothesis that major domains of personality (positive temperament, negative temperament, disinhibition) have a significant effect on relationship satisfaction which, in turn, is significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing forms of psychopathology.ResultsWe found no evidence for the mediating role of relationship satisfaction; however, in exploratory analyses, we did find evidence for both between‐person and within‐person effects of personality on psychopathology.ConclusionsThis study confirms the role of personality as an important factor in consideration of dyadic processes, though not entirely deterministic for downstream functioning. Thus, separate factors in addition to personality may be worth examining in consideration of how low relationship satisfaction may be associated with psychopathology.
Mental Health Status of Rhode Island Middle School and High School Students Before Versus During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Murdock Abigail R. , Rogers Michelle L. , Jackson Tracy L. , Monteiro Karine , Chambers Laura C. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic negatively affected adolescent mental health due to school closures, isolation, family loss/hardships, and reduced health care access.MethodsWe compared adolescent mental health in Rhode Island before versus during the pandemic, separately among middle and high schoolers. This serial cross‐sectional study used Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from 2019 and 2021 (N = 7403). Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association between year and mental health status, adjusting for sociodemographics.ResultsMiddle schoolers in 2021 had higher odds of ever seriously considering suicide (22.6% vs 16.7%) and ever attempting suicide (9.3% vs 6.1%) compared to 2019. Among high schoolers, those in 2021 had higher odds of experiencing persistent sadness/hopelessness in the past year (37.4% vs 32.0%). However, high schoolers in 2019 and 2021 had similar odds of considering suicide in the past year, while those in 2021 had lower odds of having attempted suicide in the past year (8.5% vs 14.6%).ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic may have worsened multiple aspects of adolescent mental health in Rhode Island, particularly among middle schoolers.Implications for school health policy, practice, and equityPromoting school connectedness, creating supportive environments, and diversifying the mental health workforce may help overcome adverse pandemic effects.
Potent induction of antitumor immunity by combining cryo‐thermal ablation with immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qian Ling , Xie Lin , Zhu Ying , Huang Changjing , Meng Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe low response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) prompts the exploration of novel combination therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we aimed to examine the efficiency and potential mechanism of cryo‐thermal ablation (Cryo‐A) combined with anti‐programmed death protein 1 (αPD1) and/or cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (αCTLA4) inhibitors in a murine hepatoma model.MethodImmunocompetent C57BL/6 mice inoculated with unilateral or bilateral H22 hepatic tumour cells were treated with Cryo‐A and/or ICIs (αPD1 and/or αCTLA4). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, ELISpot assay, time‐of‐flight cytometry, tumour rechallenging, and T‐cell depletion assay were used to assess the dynamic changes of immune cell subsets following therapy.ResultsWe found Cryo‐A resulted in immunogenic cell death of tumour cells, activation of dendritic cells, and enhancement of antitumor immunity. Cryo‐A alone was insufficient to extend survival, combining Cryo‐A with αPD1 and αCTLA4 further modulated the tumour microenvironment, inducing a durable antitumor immune response by tumour‐reactive CD8+ T cells and significantly prolonged survival. Time‐of‐flight cytometry (CyTOF) data revealed that combination therapies reshaped the tumour microenvironment by the increase of intratumoral CD8+ T cells expressed higher levels of cytotoxic markers and immune checkpoint molecules, and by downregulation of intratumoral granulocytes. The combination also resulted in the eradication of remote unablated tumours (abscopal effect).ConclusionsThese findings suggested that Cryo‐A turned HCC from “cold” tumours to “hot” tumours and the combination of Cryo‐A with αPD1 and αCTLA4 may be a promising approach to improve the prognosis of HCC.