bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS MIKROBIOLOGI SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWA (PE) DARI KABUPATEN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suwito Widodo , Sri Nugroho Widagdo , Wahyuni AETH Wahyuni , Sumiarto Bambang 
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui kualitas mikrobiologi susu kambing mentah yang diambil langsung dari ambing. Dalam penelitian ini
digunakan 50 sampel susu kambing peranakan Ettawa (PE). Sampel dianalisis terhadap total plate count (TPC), jumlah Staphylococcus sp.,
jumlah koliform, Escherichia coli (E. coli), dan Salmonella sp. berdasarkan reaksi biokimia. Rerata untuk TPC; Staphylococcus sp.; total
koliform masing-masing adalah 1,65x10
3
; 5,75x10
3
; 1,3x10 cfu/ml, sedangkan E. coli dan Salmonella sp. adalah negatif. Berdasarkan Standar
Nasional Indonesia (SNI) No 01-6366-2000 tentang persyaratan susu segar, maka TPC, koliform, E. coli, dan Salmonella sp. memenuhi standar,
sedangkan Staphylococcus sp. melebihi ambang batas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa susu kambing mentah yang diambil langsung dari
ambing masih layak konsumsi.
PERUBAHAN KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA DAN JUMLAH SEL-SEL SPERMATOGENIK TIKUS YANG TERPAPAR ASAP ROKOK
Authors: Jems Akiles Unitly Adrien , Kusumorini Nastiti , Agungpriyono Srihadi , Sismin Satyaningtijas Aryani , Boediono Arief 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek asap rokok terhadap perubahan kualitas spermatozoa dan jumlah sel-sel spermatogenik. Penelitian
ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan asap rokok 10 batang/ekor/hari selama 2,5 jam dalam smoking chamber
terhadap 24 ekor tikus jantan yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing 6 ekor dalam tiap kelompok. Kelompok P1 adalah kelompok yang
tidak diberi perlakuan (kontrol), P2 adalah kelompok yang dipapar asap rokok selama 20 hari, P3 adalah kelompok yang dipapar asap rokok
selama 40 hari, P4 adalah kelompok yang dipapar asap rokok selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah kualitas spermatozoa dan jumlah
sel-sel spermatogenik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemaparan asap rokok dapat menurunkan konsentrasi spermatozoa dan viabilitas
spermatozoa serta meningkatkan abnormalitas spermatozoa. Disimpulkan bahwa pemaparan asap rokok 10 batang/ekor/hari menyebabkan
penurunan kualitas spermatozoa dan jumlah sel-sel spermatogenik yang tidak kembali ke kondisi normal setelah proses penyembuhan.
INFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila MELALUI JALUR YANG BERBEDA PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) DI LOA KULU KUTAI KARTANEGARA KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Handayani Hardi Esti , Agus Pebrianto Catur , Hidayanti Triesna , Tri Handayani Rizki 
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui patogenisitas bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) yang diinfeksi dengan jalur yang
berbeda yaitu melalui perendaman, pakan, injeksi intraperitoneum dan injeksi intramuskular. Kepadatan bakteri 10
10
cfu/ml bakteri A. hydrophila
diinfeksikan pada ikan nila berukuran 15 g melalui empat jalur infeksi yang berbeda. Dari hasil pengamatan diketahui bahwa in feksi melalui
perendaman, pakan, injeksi intraperitoneum, dan injeksi intramuskular merupakan port entry atau jalan masuk bakteri A. hydrophila terhadap
ikan nila yang bermakna bakteri mampu menyebarkan virulensi (menyebabkan ikan sakit dan atau mati) melalui air (media hidup), saluran
pencernaan melalui rongga perut, dan melalui pembuluh darah. Kondisi ini dapat dilihat dari perubahan pada pola renang, penurunan nafsu
makan, patologi anatomis organ dalam dan luar serta perubahan gambaran darah. Infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila melalui penyuntikan merupakan
jalur infeksi yang menyebabkan ikan nila mengalami kematian lebih cepat dan lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan jalur infeksi melalui pakan dan
perendaman. Namun injeksi melalui muskular merupakan jalur infeksi yang menyebabkan kematian lebih cepat. Infeksi melalui injeksi
merupakan infeksi yang juga menyebabkan perubahan pada pola renang, patologi anatomi lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan jalur infek si yang
lain.
7. Total Level of Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Value of Broiler Chickens after Given Moringa Leaves Fermented Flour (Moringa oleifera) in Feed
Authors: Hasan M. , Rampai Octa Sicillia , Sayuti Arman , Daud Razali , Harris Abdul , Armansyah TR T. , Gholib Gholib 
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of using Moringa leaves fermented flour in feed stock toward the increasing level of hemoglobin and hematocrit value on broiler chickens. This study used a completely randomized design that consists of 4 treatments and 5 replications. The study group was divided into group P0 which was given with 100% of commercial feed, group P1 was given 95% of commercial feed and Moringa leaves fermented flour 5%, group P2 was given 92.5% of commercial feed and Moringa leaves fermented flour 7.5%, and group P3 was given 90% of commercial feed and Moringa leaves fermented flour 10%. Fermentation using EM4 (Effective Microorganism-4) were able to decrease the crude fiber of Moringa leaves flour. The treatment was conducted for 15 days, then hemoglobin levels and hematocrit values were counted. Data were analyzed using ANOVA completely randomized design with SPSS for Windows 16.0. This research showed that giving Moringa leaves fermented flour for 15 days did not have a significally effect (P0.05). The given Moringa leaves fermented flour in feed for 15 days with 5%, 7.5% and 10% concentration was not show any increase in the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit values.
Performance of Broiler Chickens Reared in Postal, Stage, and Closed House Cage
Authors: Henni Vanda Henni Vanda , Titania Titania , Sari Wahyu Eka , Hambal Muhammad , Gani Fadli A. 
Published: October 2023

Broiler chickens have high productivity in producing meat. This study aimed to determine the increase of chickens’ body weight and to determine the performance index and the mortality rate between postal, stage, and closed house cages. This study used 72 broiler chickens, the experiment was carried out on the chickens aged 10 days and 25 days old. This research was conducted at the University Teaching Farm, Universitas Syiah Kuala, which is located in Ie Seum village, Aceh Besar district. The results showed that at the age of 10 days, the average body weight was 340 g in postal cage, 365 g in stage cage, and 415 g in closed house cage. The average body weight of 25 days old chicken was 1554 g in postal cage, 1605 g in stage cage, and 1718 g in closed house. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) body weight of broiler chickens aged 10 days showed significant difference in every cage (P0,05) and broiler chickens at the age of 25 days showed a significant difference (P0,05) in closed house. In this study, closed house cage obtained the highest body weight. Mortality rate of broiler chickens in closed house was 1.84%, postal cages was 3.60% and stage cage was 3.47%. The Performance Index (PI) of broiler chickens was 449 in closed house, 387 in postal cage and 376 in the stage cage. The highest PI was found in closed house cage and categorized as outstanding. It can be concluded that closed house cage had the highest body weight, the best performance index and the lowest mortality rate.
Proven Agile Reflection Through Greater Hawqa Asfoor Projects to Accelerate First Oil
Authors: Alawi Kathiya Al , Yarubi Nasser 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper summarized development study to fast track the maturation of oil ahead of plan in HA field using the Agile Development workflow, which entails leveraging analogues and maximizing the use of existing surface facilities to accelerate first oil by dividing this project into multiple of phases. Agile approach as considered make trade off's visible to Decision Review Board DRB (e.g. new oil and NPV of faster on-stream). As part of the "Agile Development" in surface facilities and to identify optimum solution to handle gross fluid from HA field Phase-1 development, two key concept options were explored during the Select Phase. An "Agile" approach was selected, with maximizes the use of all available infrastructures and available ullage within the existing on-plot and off-plot facilities. This approached as well minimize the risk of overspending on M fields wells and provide more time for better analogues and analysis.
The Agile Workstreams following in this project as follow:
Agile way of working: Reduce cycle times Scaling the DRP & Development phasing: Develop a fit-for-purpose roadmap to remove unnecessary work Analogues & Benchmarking: Utilize analogues to lock in development decisions early and reducing modelling requirements. Standardization and Replication: Utilize the new facilities catalogue Standard Production Solution (SPS) to provide standardized process.
Agile workflow accelerated the first oil by 24 months compare with normal process with almost 28 % saving. In addition, the project UTC has improved by 3%.
All in all, Agile Development is one of the key pillar aiming to improve the cost competitiveness and schedule performance of PDO projects.
Creating an Inclusive and Skilled Workforce
Authors: Banihammad B. A. , Al Mirza J. J. , Ashraf A. A. , Kumaresan R. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The implementation of nationalization strategies and organizational development for panel operators as an essential and critical part of people development and diversity and its crucial for creating a diverse, inclusive, and skilled workforce. This involves conducting a diversity assessment, developing a diversity and inclusion strategy, designing training and development programs, establishing performance metrics and review processes, fostering a culture of inclusivity with regular mentoring and follow up, providing career development opportunities, and establishing a feedback mechanism that allows the receiver upgrading the skill require to enhance personal development plan. The expected results of this implementation include increased diversity and inclusion, improved employee engagement, enhanced technical and soft skills, clear performance expectations, career development opportunities, and an inclusive culture. Additionally, implementing these strategies and programs can provide added values, such as enhanced reputation, increased innovation, better decision-making, improved customer satisfaction, reduced turnover, improved safety performance, and increased productivity. The success of this implementation requires collaboration with HR team, training and development team, and operations team, as well as regular review and analysis of data to identify areas for improvement. By successfully implementing these strategies and programs, organizations can create a positive work force environment that supports employee success and organizational growth.
Emissions Optimization Platform to Quantify and Reduce Rig-Based Emissions
Authors: Minhas N. , Abdelmoaty A. , Al Dakhil S. , Alsemail S. , Razzak J. , Jenkins M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Reducing emissions at each step of the Oil & Gas Value chain is needed to help meet the global goal of keeping the temperature increase below 1.5C° of preindustrial level. This paper presents a method to calculate emissions and optimize operations to reduce emissions at the well planning stage.
Three specific rigs were chosen and the data from their operations and the diesel consumption over the last 18 months (about 1 and a half years) was used to build a model that links specific operation on the rig with its associated emissions. Part of the data was used for model building while the rest was used for model verification. The energy consumption of each piece of equipment on the rig was also used in the calculations to document their wattage. An optimization tool is developed to help optimize rig operations for emissions reduction by choosing the proper rig and the rest of the equipment.
The diesel usage data was lower resolution (one data points per day) compared to the operations (hourly). So, the model development was particularly challenging. It was found that there is considerable room for energy optimization especially with regards to the use of diesel generators. A considerable amount of excess energy is produced which gets wasted. Also, the cementing and casing has the greatest impact on the emissions as both materials emit a huge amount of carbon. Optimization of the emissions on the well planning stage is much more effective than emission reduction strategies post planning as the room for optimization is significantly less.
Our approach is based on state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and data science techniques that have been proven to work on complex systems that have different inputs. DRL trains an algorithm with a reward system that supplies positive and negative feedback (degree of emissions) to an Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent for performing actions. These actions are the various strategies in rig operations the agent takes to reduce emissions, the lower the emissions the higher the rewards for the agent. In iterative process the agent narrows down the best policy (plan) for each rig that lowers the emission.
The use of data science and machine learning in well planning for emissions reduction is a novel approach with expert feedback being constant in our methods. Using DRL (deep reinforcement learning) to quantify emissions in well planning is a revolutionary technique. It is the first time in the industry that DRL is being used to assist in emissions reductions from upstream activities. We bring technology that has redefined the capabilities of AI in a variety of applications, including reservoir optimization and complex decision-making systems.
Integrated Risk Management Strategy for Offshore Drilling Operations
Authors: Davila Andres Nunez , Lopez Juan Ramon , Basso Miguel , Rossi Lucas , Barrera Edison 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Despite of more than three decades of operations in the Gulf of Mexico area, still undesirable events and subsequent nonproductive time (NPT) is observed during daily operations. Being an environment under a high-cost operation, the proper risk identification, prevention, control, and mitigation is a key component for the success of the project. The objective of this document is to describe the implementation of an integrated risk management process, covering all the lifecycle process of the project including design, execution, and evaluation.
Integrated Risk management strategy includes the evaluation of the readiness of the resources required for the project execution, such as: equipment, personnel, logistics, and facilities. The process started with a long-term planning review, including a detailed identification of critical activities for each individual well plan during the project lifetime. Historical definition of undesirable events, incorporating proper statistical analysis and quantification of the NPT complement the detailed planning risk definition stage. Further quantification of impact was established, to define the baseline for the project. In addition, the model includes the inputs of subject matter experts in different areas, to define the prevention and control measures, looking to reduce the severity over the project execution. The execution stage is supported by the early identification of deviations compared to parameters previously established and is tackled with the application of digital solutions. To close the operations cycle, the systematic knowledge sharing process, live lessons learn capture, and constant re-assessment of the initial risk matrix, facilitates the identification and focus during drilling operations, supporting the learning curve.
Maximizing Reservoir Injectivity and Connectivity Through Synergistic Integration of Pressure While Drilling and 3D Seismic Data for Optimal Injection Well Placement and Completion in Geologically Complex Reservoirs
Authors: Abdullah Zulkiflie , Martinez Raul Leal , Al Hashem Hassan W. , Al Quaimi Bander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Optimizing injection placement and completion in multi-layered, heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs with long horizontal wells is a complex task that requires advanced measurement and modeling techniques. The proper placement of injectors is critical to ensure optimal transmissibility and facilitate pressure propagation within the reservoir. This task is however complicated by reservoir heterogeneity such as lateral discontinuity and geological barriers (e.g., faults and tight zones).
Standard triple combo logging tools are commonly used to geosteer horizontal wells in homogeneous reservoirs. However, in the presence of complex clastic reservoirs, such tools alone are insufficient to optimize well placement. To overcome this limitation, a novel approach is proposed to optimize well placement and completion for water injectors in complex reservoirs with long horizontal wells using a combination of formation pressure while drilling (FPWD) measurement and 3D seismic data. FPWD provides in-situ critical information on reservoir pressure, quality, and connectivity in complex geological barriers when integrated with 3D seismic for optimal reservoir connectivity and injectivity. Specifically, 3D seismic data is used to identify subsurface structures, such as faults and tight zones, and their impact on reservoir fluid flow. These structures can then be considered when placing injectors to ensure optimal reservoir connectivity and pressure propagation.
To test the efficacy of this approach, several critical wells in a challenging multi-layered heterogeneous reservoir were analyzed using FPWD coupled with 3D seismic data. The results demonstrate that the combination of these tools enabling optimized well placement and completion to maximize injectivity and pressure propagation. Moreover, the approach facilitates the identification of subsurface structures that may impede injectivity and allows for the implementation of mitigation measures.
This paper represents a significant advancement in reservoir engineering and well placement techniques. By providing a more comprehensive understanding of reservoir properties and dynamics, it offers a new paradigm for optimizing injectivity, facilitating pressure propagation, and in turn maximizing oil recovery in complex reservoirs.
An Artificial Intelligent Method to Optimize and Enhance Well Performance and Oil Production Wells by Approaching Well Behavior
Authors: Surya D. , Putra P. , Utomo G. , Ramadhan R. , Pratama M. B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Monitoring oil production well is an essential part for Petroleum Engineer, who has responsibility to optimize, maintain and enhance well production performance. We have to obtain and know about any well behaviors. That can be so exhausting if we do to ± 100 oil production wells each and every day. Despite of that, each well has its own behavior that have to be obtained and analyzed further. We have to monitor properly from each production well so that human error does not occur which can cause miss analysis job we need proper and accurate analysis system. To maximize and optimize technology in industry digitization, the oil and gas industry has started to enter this revolution, by making various kind of tools that make it easy to monitor all oil and gas wells in order to serve accurate, fast, user-friendly and solution-oriented system. The purpose of this paper is to show how to maximize the utilization of digitalization and artificial intelligence to get fast and accurate optimization oil well performance.
Artificial Lift Rod Pump & ESP is a lifting method that is commonly used and makes a significant contribution to existing production, so it needs an easy, effective and precise monitoring pattern in its application. Quicklook Mapping Tools is an analysis tool based on Artificial Intelligence whose task is to categorize the performance of production wells based on the efficiency value of the pump to the thickness of the liquid. The results of Quicklook Mapping Tools aims to provide performance mapping of Rod Pump and ESP in the field and identify existing production optimization opportunities. Quicklook Mapping Tools requires input data, namely identification of well names, volumetric efficiency based on production tests, and operating parameters such as pump size, stroke length, SPM for rod pumps; pump capacity, pump curve, running frequency for ESP and data Pump setting depth - Dynamic Fluid Level. The data is inputted into the program to produce 4 quadrants, namely (1) High Submergence, Low Pump Efficiency (2) High Submergence, High Pump Eff (3) Low Submergence, High Pump Eff (4) Low Submergence, Low Pump Eff. By implementing Quicklook Mapping Tools, it gives extraordinary result. It is fast and accurate in giving information about well performance and behavior.
The artificial intelligence result of Quicklook Mapping Tools are described such as (1) increase the frequency of the existing artificial lift (2) increase pump capacity (3) ideal conditions for artificial lift (4) subsurface evaluation such as workover or well intervention program. It really gives easiness to Petroleum Engineer in observing well performance and taking decision and actions to the well.
A transformation well performance and behavior analysis method using Artificial Intelligence helps petroleum engineers to increase the production in fast and accurate way
Integrated Performance Workflow to Optimize ESP Daily Operations
Authors: Al-Jazzaf Abdulla M. , Shehab Abdulaziz , Abdal Abdulaziz , Al-Askar Hamad 
Published: October 2023

abstract
The Kuwait Oil Company’s (KOC) has significantly increased its dependence on Artificial Lift systems (AL) to reach their yearly production targets. Multiple AL systems are deployed however the major AL system used is the Electrical Submersible Pump where currently there are over 3,300 ESPs accounting for about 70% of the company’s production. Initial implementation of ESPs at the company started in the 1980s, throughout the next few decades only a handful of ESPs were installed. In 2008, ESP installations increased rapidly and currently these ESPs are producing most of the oil production within the company. Over the past 5 years, the ESP population has doubled with additional installations each month. Forecast shows that the ESP population would surpass 4,000 ESPs in 2024. The company’s ESP operations is divided into four main assets, North Kuwait, South Kuwait, East Kuwait, and West Kuwait. Each asset has their own staff that monitor the wells under their scope and aim to maximize production and operating life of these ESPs. Each asset is managed by a Team Leader that looks at the total asset’s operations, production, and performance. Each Team Leader has a number of Senior Engineers divided into well clusters that manage their own clusters, and each Senior Engineer has 2 – 4 Field Engineers that monitor both short term and long term performance on each individual well.