bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ non‐invasive spectral discrimination between bone cell phenotypes used in tissue engineering
Authors: Notingher Ioan , Jell Gavin , Lohbauer Ulrich , Salih Vehid , Hench Larry L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractRaman micro‐spectroscopy was used to discriminate between different types of bone cells commonly used in tissue engineering of bone, with the aim of developing a method of phenotypic identification and classification. Three types of bone cells were analysed: human primary osteoblasts (HOB), retroviral transfected human alveolar bone cells with SV40 large T antigen (SV40 AB), and osteoblast‐like human osteosarcoma derived MG63 cell line. Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of the Raman spectra succeeded in discriminating the osteosarcoma derived MG63 cells from the non‐tumour cells (HOB and SV40 AB). No significant differences were observed between the Raman spectra of the HOB and SV40 AB cells, confirming the biochemical similarities between the two cell types. Difference spectra between tumour and non‐tumour cells suggested that the spectral discrimination is based on the fact that MG63 osteosarcoma derived cells are characterised by lower concentrations of nucleic acids and higher relative concentrations of proteins compared to the non‐tumour bone cells. A supervised classification model (LDA) was built and showed high cross‐validation sensitivity (100%) and specificity (95%) for discriminating the MG63 cells and the non‐tumour cells, with 96% of the cells being correctly classified either as tumour or non‐tumour derived cells. This study proves the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to identify in situ phenotypic differences in living cells. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of DNA loop anchorage regions (LARs) and microinjection timing on expression of β‐galactosidase gene injected into one‐cell rabbit embryos
Authors: Goldman Igor L. , Razin Sergey V. , Kadulin Sergey G. , Vassetzky Yegor S. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe conditions favoring expression of a reporter gene microinjected into a male pronucleus of naturally ovulated and fertilized rabbit eggs have been studied. Injection of the reporter gene during S phase of the cell‐cycle allows the highest level of expression of the gene. Incorporation of DNA loop anchorage regions (LARs) into constructs upstream and/or downstream of the reporter gene significantly increased the efficiency of expression. In all cases the expression of the microinjected gene started after a period of transcriptional quiescence, i.e., together with the expression of the host genome. Correct targeting of microinjected constructs within the nuclei via interaction of LAR elements with receptor sites on the nucleoskeleton may facilitate expression of injected DNA constructs as well as their integration into host cell DNA. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Locus of fragility in robust breast cancer system
Authors: Radisavljevic Ziv 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFunctional heterogeneous redundancy of breast cancer makes this tumor to be robust. Signaling mechanisms which control cancer responses are crucial for controlling robustness. Identification of locus of fragility in cancer represents basic mechanism to target robustness. The goal of this prospect is to present locus of fragility in breast cancer robust system, and how disruption of this locus induces failure of robustness. My recent research show, that locus of fragility in breast cancer cells is suppression of nitric oxide (NO). When it was targeted, dynamics of cancer to generate robustness failed that it blocked cancer cell proliferation dependent on the NO/Rb pathway, blocked cell migration and angiogenesis dependent on the VEGF/PI3K/AKT/NO/ICAM‐1 pathway, and induced breast cancer cell apoptosis through the NO/ROCK/FOXO3a signaling pathway. This tiny and trivial perturbation in breast cancer cells such as suppression of NO represents locus of fragility (weakness) and new approach for breast cancer chemotherapy. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vasopressin phosphorylates HSP27 in aortic smooth muscle cells
Authors: Akamatsu Shigeru , Nakajima Keiichi , Ishisaki Akira , Matsuno Hiroyuki , Tanabe Kumiko , Takei Mariko , Takenaka Motoki , Hirade Kouseki , Yoshimi Naoki , Suga Hidetaka , Oiso Yutaka , Kato Kanefusa , Kozawa Osamu 
Published: June 2004

AbstractAdministration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) time‐dependently induced the phosphorylation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) at Ser‐15 and Ser‐85 in smooth muscle of aorta in vivo. The AVP‐induced phosphorylation of HSP27 at Ser‐15 and Ser‐85 was inhibited by a V1a receptor antagonist but not by a V2 receptor antagonist. In cultured aortic smooth muscle A10 cells, AVP markedly stimulated the phosphorylation of HSP27 at Ser‐15 and Ser‐85. The AVP‐induced phosphorylation of HSP27 was attenuated by SB203580 and PD169316, inhibitors of p38 mitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase, but not by PD98059, a MEK inhibitor. These results strongly suggest that AVP phosphorylates HSP27 via p38 MAP kinase in aortic smooth muscle cells. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Volvariella volvacea lectin activates mouse T lymphocytes by a calcium dependent pathway
Authors: Sze S.C.W. , Ho J.C.K. , Liu W.K. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe immunomodulatory lectin, Volvariella volvacea lectin (VVL), isolated from the edible mushroom, Volvariella volvacea, has been shown to stimulate the expression of Th1 cytokines and the proliferative activity of mouse splenocytes (She et al. [1998]: Biochem Biophys Res Comm 247:106–111). In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these activities, we conducted a kinetic analysis of the early and late activation markers in mouse T lymphocytes: (1) flow cytometric analysis of calcium influx, (2) induction of activation molecules (CD25 and CD69), (3) expression and DNA‐binding activity of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), NFκB, and activation protein‐1 (AP‐1), (4) translational production of cytokines (interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and interferon‐γ (IFNγ)), and (5) cell proliferation by expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and tritiated thymidine incorporation. All results showed that VVL induced a rapid expression of CD69, CD25, NFAT, IL‐2, and PCNA in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, leading to lymphocyte proliferation. These effects brought about by VVL were more potent than those stimulated by equimolar concentrations of mitogenic lectin, concanavalin A (Con A). Cell activation and proliferation were mediated through a calcium‐dependent pathway as demonstrated by a VVL‐induced increase of intracellular calcium influx, and a proliferation inhibition by the Ca‐dependent phosphatase calcineurin blocker—cyclosporin A (CsA). Taken all data together, VVL is a lectin which activates lymphocyte through successive calcium influx, nuclear localization of NFAT transcription factor, induction of activation markers, CD25 and CD69, intracellular cytokine production, and cell proliferation. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Daxx deletion mutant (amino acids 501–625)‐induced apoptosis occurs through the JNK/p38‐Bax‐dependent mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Song Jae J. , Lee Yong J. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDeath‐associated protein (Daxx) deletion mutant (aa 501–625) has been known to be an inducer of apoptosis. In this study, we observed that the Bax‐dependent mitochondrial death signaling pathway plays an important role in Daxx501–625‐induced apoptosis. Daxx fragment‐induced activation of caspase‐9 and ‐3 was mediated through the apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)–MEK–c‐Jun‐N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/p38–Bax pathway. By overexpressing JNK‐binding domain (JBD) of JIP1, a JNK‐inhibitory protein, and treatment with SB203580, a specific p38 inhibitor, DU‐145 cells were made resistant to Daxx501–625‐induced apoptosis. Capase‐3 deficiency, Bax deficiency, or overexpression of a dominant‐negative caspase‐9 mutant prevented apoptosis, even though the Daxx501–625 fragment still activated the ASK1–MEK–MAPK pathway. Interestingly, Daxx501–625‐induced Bcl‐2 interacting domain (Bid) cleavage was suppressed in the dominant‐negative caspase‐9 mutant cells, whereas Bim was still phosphorylated in these cells. These results suggest that cleavage of Bid occurs downstream of caspase‐9 activation. In contrast, phosphorylation of Bim is upstream of caspase‐9 activation. Taken together, our results suggest that Daxx501–625‐induced apoptosis is mediated through the ASK1–MEK–JNK/p38–Bim–Bax‐dependent caspase pathway. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential control of apoptosis by DJ‐1 in prostate benign and cancer cells
Authors: Hod Yaacov 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDJ‐1 is a conserved protein reported to be involved in diverse cellular processes ranging from cellular transformation, control of protein–RNA interaction, oxidative stress response to control of male infertility, among several others. Mutations in the human gene have been shown to be associated with an autosomal recessive, early onset Parkinson's disease (PARK7). The present study examines the control of DJ‐1 expression in prostatic benign hyperplasia (BPH‐1) and cancer (PC‐3) cell lines in which DJ‐1 abundance differs significantly. We show that while BPH‐1 cells exhibit low basal level of DJ‐1 expression, stress‐inducing agents such as H2O2 and mitomycin C markedly increase the intracellular level of the polypeptide. In contrast, DJ‐1 expression is relatively high in PC‐3 cells, and incubation with the same cytotoxic drugs does not modulate further the level of the polypeptide. In correlation with the expression of DJ‐1, both cytotoxic agents activate the apoptotic pathway in the prostatic benign cells but not in PC‐3 cells, which are resistant to their action. We further demonstrate that incubation of BPH‐1 cells with TNF‐related‐apoptosis‐inducing‐ligand/Apo‐2L (TRAIL) also enhances DJ‐1 expression and that TRAIL and H2O2 act additively to stimulate DJ‐1 accumulation but synergistically in the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Time‐course analysis of DJ‐1 stimulation shows that while DJ‐1 level increases without significant lag in TRAIL‐treated cells, there is a delay in H2O2‐treated cells, and that the increase in DJ‐1 abundance precedes the activation of apoptosis. Unexpectedly, over‐expression of DJ‐1 de‐sensitizes BPH‐1 cells to the action of apoptotic‐inducing agents. However, RNA‐interference‐mediated silencing of DJ‐1 expression results in sensitization of PC‐3 cells to TRAIL action. These results are consistent with a model in which DJ‐1 is involved in the control of cell death in prostate cell lines. DJ‐1 appears to play a differential role between cells expressing a low but inducible level of DJ‐1 (e.g., BPH‐1 cells) and those expressing a high but constitutive level of the polypeptide (e.g., PC‐3 cells). © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fourth‐order accurate, Numerov‐type, three‐point finite‐difference discretization of electrochemical reaction‐diffusion equations on nonuniform (exponentially expanding) spatial grids in one‐dimensional space geometry
Authors: Bieniasz Lesław K. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe validity for finite‐difference electrochemical kinetic simulations, of the extension of the Numerov discretization designed by Chawla and Katti [J Comput Appl Math 1980, 6, 189–196] for the solution of two‐point boundary value problems in ordinary differential equations, is examined. The discretization is adapted to systems of time‐dependent reaction‐diffusion partial differential equations in one‐dimensional space geometry, on nonuniform space grids resulting from coordinate transformations. The equations must not involve first spatial derivatives of the unknowns. Relevant discrete formulae are outlined and tested in calculations on two example kinetic models. The models describe potential step chronoamperometry under limiting current conditions, for the catalytic EC, and Reinert‐Berg CE reaction mechanisms. Exponentially expanding space grid is used. The discretization considered proves the most accurate and efficient, out of all the three‐point finite‐difference discretizations on such grids, that have been used thus far in electrochemical kinetics. Therefore, it can be recommended as a method of choice. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1515–1521, 2004
Sonographic appearance of congenital arteriovenous fistula of the hand
Authors: Özdemir Hüseyin , Gündoğdu Sadi , Mahmutyazicioğlu Kamran , Büyükateş Mustafa , Turan Akın , Altınyazar Cevdet 
Published: June 2004

AbstractCongenital arteriovenous fistula of the hand is uncommon. We report a case of unusual congenital arteriovenous fistula forming multiple fistulous communications between the arteries and veins in the right hand. Clinical findings were confirmed by color Doppler sonography and digital subtraction angiography. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:312–315, 2004
Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction by stone
Authors: Akçar Nevbahar , Özkan I. Ragıp , Adapınar Baki , Kaya Tamer 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of Doppler sonography in renal colic due to obstruction and to assess whether the resistance index (RI) and interrenal RI difference (ΔRI) are time‐dependent parameters.Subjects and MethodsObstructed and unobstructed contralateral kidneys in 28 patients with renal colic and normal kidneys in 27 control subjects were prospectively evaluated with Doppler sonography. Mean RI, mean ΔRI, and duration of pain were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using paired and independent t‐tests.ResultsMean RIs of the control‐group, obstructed, and contralateral kidneys were 0.60, 0.71, and 0.61, respectively; mean ΔRI values of the obstructed and control‐group kidneys were 0.10 and 0.03, respectively. Differences in mean RI between obstructed and contralateral or control‐group kidneys were statistically significant (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in ΔRI between patients and controls (p < 0.001). The difference between the RI values of kidneys with low‐grade (0.70) and high‐grade obstructions (0.72) was not statistically significant. The difference between the ΔRI values of kidneys with low‐grade (0.08) and high‐grade obstructions (0.13) was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Differences in the mean RI and mean ΔRI values between 3 groups of patients categorized according to the duration of pain were not statistically significant.ConclusionsAlong with gray‐scale sonography and intravenous urography, Doppler sonography can be used in the evaluation of renal obstruction. RI and ΔRI are not time‐dependent parameters. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:286–293, 2004
Sonographic findings in tuberculous epididymo‐orchitis
Authors: Türkvatan Aysel , Kelahmet Esra , Yazgan Çisel , Ölçer Tülay 
Published: June 2004

AbstractGenitourinary tuberculosis is the most common manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The epididymides, the seminal vesicles, and the prostate are the most commonly infected sites. The testes are rarely involved. We describe the unusual sonographic findings in a case of tuberculous epididymo‐orchitis that presented with multiple small, hypoechoic nodules within the testis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:302–305, 2004
High‐sensitivity power Doppler imaging of normal superficial lymph nodes
Authors: Stramare Roberto , Tregnaghi Alberto , Fittà Claudio , Torraco Antonio , Khadivi Yeaganeh , Rossi C.R. , Rubaltelli Leopoldo 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to describe the various patterns of vascularity of the normal superficial lymph nodes detected using high‐sensitivity power Doppler imaging according to the dimension and anatomic location of the nodes.Subjects and MethodsA total of 712 lymph nodes (416 in the neck, 205 in the groin, and 91 in the axilla) were studied in 118 patients with high‐sensitivity Power doppler. Three categories of vascularity were defined: absence of vascularity (type 1), hilar and perihilar vascularity (type 2), and vascularity in the entire node (type 3). The 3 types of vascularity were correlated with the anatomic location and the dimension (maximum transverse diameter) of the nodes.ResultsType 3 vascularity was found in all lymph nodes with a maximum transverse diameter > 6 mm, in the 67.9% (133/196) of lymph nodes between 4 and 6 mm in diameter, and in 45.7% (42/92) of lymph nodes between 2 and 4 mm in diameter. In lymph nodes with transverse diameters of 2–6 mm, type 3 vascularity was detected in 80.7% (46/57) of the axillary nodes, in 69.0% (87/126) of the inguinal nodes, and in 40.0% (42/105) of the cervical nodes. Type 2 vascularity was seen in 14.2% (101/712) of all examined lymph nodes. The absence of vascularity (type 1) was noted in only 1.9% (8/416) of cervical and 2.0% (4/205) of inguinal nodes.ConclusionsState‐of‐the‐art power Doppler equipment can demonstrate type 3 vascularity in a high percentage of normal superficial lymph nodes. This pattern of intense, extensive—but harmonious—vascularity must be considered as an indicator of benignity. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:273–276, 2004
Sonographic findings in complications of cosmetic breast augmentation with autologous fat obtained by liposuction
Authors: Kwak Jin Young , Lee Seung Hee , Park Hai‐Lin , Kim Ji‐Young , Kim Sung Eun , Kim Eun‐Kyung 
Published: June 2004

AbstractA 37‐year‐old woman presented with breast pain after breast augmentation utilizing autologous fat obtained by liposuction. Mammography and sonography demonstrated fat necrosis in the right breast and a solid inflammatory mass in the left breast. The diagnoses were confirmed by biopsy. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:299–301, 2004
Sonographically guided core needle biopsy of soft tissue neoplasms
Authors: Liu Juhn‐Cherng , Chiou Hong‐Jen , Chen Wei‐Ming , Chou Yi‐Hong , Chen Tain‐Hsiung , Chen Winby , Yen Chueh‐Chuan , Chiu See‐Ying , Chang Cheng‐Yen 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of sonography (US)‐guided needle biopsy in the diagnosis of soft tissue masses.Patients and MethodsThirty‐seven patients with a mean age of 49 years were enrolled in the study. The size of the biopsy needle was selected according to the kind of tumor suspected (ie, primary or metastatic). In patients with suspected metastases, smaller biopsy needles were used; in patients with suspected primary tumors, larger needles were used so that larger specimens could be obtained. Prebiopsy color Doppler sonography (CDUS) was routinely used to guide the cutting needle to areas of the lesion showing sufficient vascularity. From 3 to 6 cores were obtained, depending on their quality. We compared the diagnoses yielded by the core biopsy and the final histopathologic analysis of the resected tumor by classifying the results as “concordant” or “discordant.”ResultsA total of 37 tumors were examined. Final diagnoses were 24 malignant tumors (6 metastases and 18 primary tumors) and 13 benign tumors. The lesions were diagnosed correctly as either benign or malignant in 35 of the 36 cases for which needle biopsy specimens were adequate, with only 1 misdiagnosis. The diagnoses were concordant in 33 cases (17 primary malignant tumors, 6 metastatic tumors, and 10 benign tumors) and were discordant diagnosis in the other 4 cases (1 primary malignant tumor and 3 benign tumors). No complications were attributable to the needle biopsy.ConclusionsUS‐guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of soft tissue neoplasms is an easy, safe, and useful procedure. It can be considered a first‐line procedure for the acquisition of tissue specimens adequate for histopathologic diagnosis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:294–298, 2004
Leiomyoma arising from the tunica albuginea of the testis: Sonographic findings
Authors: Mak Chee‐Wai , Tzeng Wen‐Sheng , Chou Chung‐Kuao , Chen Chin‐Yu , Chang Jinn‐Ming , Tzeng Ching‐Cherng 
Published: June 2004

AbstractLeiomyomas are benign neoplasms that may arise from any structure or organ containing smooth muscle. The majority of genitourinary leimyomas are found in the renal capsule, but this tumor has also been reported in the epididymis, spermatic cord, and tunica albuginea. Sonography is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating intrascrotal pathology, but the sonographic appearance of leiomyomas arising from the tunica albuginea have rarely been reported. We report a case of such a leiomyoma that was diagnosed sonographically. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:309–311, 2004
Fourier transformation of arterial Doppler waveforms of the lower extremity
Authors: Lee Hong Gi , Yum Myung‐Kul 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPurposeAlthough it is well known that the normal, triphasic pulsatile arterial Doppler waveform changes in shape as flow is impaired, interpretation of the waveform has largely been subjective. We aimed to describe the Doppler waveforms of the lower extremity objectively using Fourier transformation.MethodsSixty‐eight zero‐crossing detector arterial recordings from 25 lower extremities were grouped as follows: group 1, no ischemic symptoms with an ankle‐brachial index (ABI) > 0.9 (n = 17, 8 limbs); group 2, no ischemic symptoms with ABI < 0.9 (n = 18, 5 limbs); group 3, symptoms of claudication (n = 19, 7 limbs); group 4, rest pain or tissue loss (n = 14, 5 limbs). The waveforms were Fourier transformed and their amplitudes and phases were compared up to the third harmonic (H3).ResultsAmplitudes of both the fundamental (H1) and second harmonic (H2) were predominant in group 1. In contrast, amplitudes of the H2 and H3 decreased with altered flow (p < 0.0001 for group 1 versus others). The phases of the H1 and H2 were delayed with altered flow (p < 0.05 for group 1 versus others). Phases of the H1 were different between group 2 and 4 (p < 0.05). The difference of phase between the H3 and H1 was shortened with altered flow (p < 0.05 for group 1 or 2 versus group 4). Multivariate analysis revealed that the relative amplitudes of the H2 and H3, the phases of the H1 and H2, and the relative phase of the H3 were significant discriminators among the groups.ConclusionAbnormal waveforms could be characterized by the predominant amplitude of the H1, phase delay of the H1 and H2, and shortening of the relative phase of the H3. These parameters may be useful in the evaluation of Doppler waveforms in patients with peripheral arterial disease. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 32:277–285, 2004