bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Organothiophosphoryl Polyoxotungstates α‐[RP(S)]2PW9${\rm O}^{5-}_{34} $(R=C6H5, C6H11)
Authors: Zhen‐Gang Sun , Zai‐Ming Zhu , Wan‐Sheng You , Xue‐Fang Zheng , Yuan‐Peng Gu 
Published: June 2005

AbstractIn the presence of Bu4NBr acting as phasetransfer reagent, organothiophosphoryl polyoxotungstate derivatives α‐[RP(S)]2PW9${\rm O}^{5-}_{34} $(R=C6H5, C6H11) have been obtained by reaction of the trivacant β‐[PW9O34]9‐ anions with electrophilic C6H5P(S)Cl2 or C6H11P(S)Cl2 in acetonitrile. These new organic‐inorganic hybrid anions have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 31P and 183W NMR spectroscopy. The collective application of the spectroscopy data of these new species indicates that the hybrid anion consists of an α‐[PW9O34] framework on which are grafted two RP(S) groups through P‐O‐W bridges. The five‐line 183W spectra indicate that the hybrid anions possess Cs symmetry in acetonitrile.
One‐step Solid‐state Synthesis and Characterization of Two Kinds of ZnC2O4·2H2O Hollow Nanostructures
Authors: Ya‐Li Cao , Lang Liu , Dian‐Zeng Jia , Xin‐Quan Xin 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTwo kinds of zinc oxalate dihydrate (ZnC2O4·2H2O) hollow nanostructures were synthesized successfully by a simple one‐step solid‐state reaction. ZnC2O4·2H2O hollow nanospheres were obtained via grinding zinc acetate and oxalic acid, while ZnC2O4·2H2O hollow nanochains were generated by the analogous reaction under the presence of a surfactant PEG 400. The as‐prepared samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, HRTEM, SEM, IR and TG/DTA
Structure and Properties of Ni/Sepiolite Catalyst
Authors: Xue‐Liang Zhai , Mi‐Ying Jia , Yu‐Shuang Shen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractUnder the hydrothermal condition, the surface of sepiolite was restored with silicate and Ni was precipitated on the restored sepiolite by precipitating‐reducing method. The surface of the samples was characterized by SEM, BET and XRD. The catalytic ability was examined by hydrogenation of toluene in gas phase over the silicate restored Ni/sepiolite catalyst. The experimental results show that distribution of Ni over the surface of the sample was even with bare aggregation and can be controlled, the ability of anti‐aging of this catalyst was about ten times higher than that prepared by impregnation method at the same reactive condition.
Arenicolsterol A, a Novel Cytotoxic Enolic Sulfated Sterol from a Marine Annelid Arenicola cristata
Authors: Bin Chen , Xian‐Rong Shen , Ji‐Lie Kong 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMarine organisms are the important source of the bioactive metabolites. A novel enolic sulfated sterol, arenicolsterol A, has been isolated from a marine annelid Arenicola cristata collected in the coast of Mainland of China. The structure was elucidated using all sorts of spectroscopic data including ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR etc. The cytotoxic bioactivity of this sterol was evaluated by MTT assay. It could inhibit the growth of human cervix cancer cell line (Hela) and human non‐small cell lung cancer cell line (NCI‐h6) with IC50 of (3.1±0.6) µg/mL and (7.6±0.8) µg/mL.
Effect of Solvation Film on the Viscosity of Colloidal Dispersions
Authors: Chang‐Sheng Peng , Qing‐Bao Gu , Shao‐Xian Song 
Published: June 2005

AbstractViscosity is one of the most important properties of colloids in mixing, transportation, stabilization, energy consumption, and so on. According to Einstein's viscosity equation, the viscosity of a colloidal dispersion increases with the increase of particle concentration. And the equation can be applicable to all micro‐particle dispersions, because the effect of solvation films coated on particles can be neglectable in that case. But with the decrease of particle size to nano‐scale, the formation of solvation films on nano‐particles can greatly affect the viscosity of a dispersion, and Einstein's equation may not be applicable to this case. In this work, one kind of micro‐size silica particle and two kinds of nano‐size silica particles were used to investigate the effect of solvation films on dispersion viscosity, dispersed in water and ethyl alcohol solvents, respectively. The results of theoretical calculation and experimental investigation show that the increase of viscosity is contributed from solvation films by more than 95 percent for nano‐particle dispersions, while less than 10 percent for micro‐particle dispersions.
Color Responses of a Tripodal Colorimetric Sensor toward Anions
Authors: Lan‐Hua Wei , Yong‐Bing He , Jin‐Long Wu , Hai‐Juan Qin , Kuo‐Xi Xu , Ling‐Zhi Meng 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA thiourea‐based tripodal colorimetric anion sensor was synthesized. Its binding abilities with AcO‐ and halide anions in DMSO were studied by UV‐Vis spectra. The sensor showed different color responses to these anions. The association constants and different stoichiometries were deduced by nonlinear least‐square curve fitting or linear fitting.
Ring‐opening Polymerization of D,L‐Lactide by Lanthanide Tris(2,4,6‐trimethylphenolate): Characteristics and Kinetics
Authors: Ling Fan , Yu‐Bing Xiong , Ke‐Hua Tu , Zhi‐Quan Shen 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTris(2,4,6‐trimethylphenolate) lanthanide [Ln(OTMP)3] has been prepared and employed for ring‐opening polymerization of D,L‐lactide (LA) as single‐component catalysts. The characteristics, kinetics and mechanism were examined. The polymerization is first‐order with respect to monomer and initiator concentration, and the overall activation energy amounts to 62.9 kJ/mol. DSC curve disclosed the random structure of PLA. 1H NMR spectrum analysis demonstrates that the polymerization of LA proceeded through acyl‐oxygen bond cleavage.
Mechanism of LaCl3 on Increasing Photosystem II Activity of Spinach
Authors: Fa‐Shui Hong , Ling Wang , Ye Tao 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe effect of LaCl3 on the K3Fe(CN)6 (FeCy) reduction rate and the oxygen‐evolving rate of PSII particles of spinach, and the spectral characterization of the D1/D2/Cytb559 of a PSII reaction center complex consisting of three polypeptides from spinach were studied. The experimental results showed that LaCl3 could significantly accelerate the transformation from light energy to electric energy, the electron transport, water photolysis and oxygen evolution of PSII of spinach, which was related to the spectral characterization of the D1/D2/Cytb559 complex. Soret band and Q band of Chl‐a of UV‐vis spectrum of D1/D2/Cytb559 complex were blue shifted, and the fluorescence emission peak was blue shifted in LaCl3 treated spinach compared with that in the control. The EXAFS (extended X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy) revealed that La3+ was coordinated with 8 nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the first coordination shell with LaN or LaO bond length of 0.254 nm, and with 6 nitrogen or oxygen atoms in the second coordination shell with LaN or LaO bond length of 0.321 nm in the D1/D2/Cytb559 complex. The CD suggested that the secondary structure of D1/D2/Cytb559 complex have been little affected by the treatment of LaCl3.
Pressure Ionization and Transitions in Dense Hydrogen
Authors: Ebeling W. , Hache H. , Juranek H. , Redmer R. , Röpke G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractShock experiments with fluid hydrogen have shown that a transition from insulating behavior to metal‐like conductivity occurs at pressures beyond 100 GPa. This requires the development of new methods to describe the transition region of dense plasmas. The traditional approach due to Saha is based on the assumption of chemical equilibrium between charged and neutral components. This is equivalent to minimizing the free energy with respect to the composition. Here we improve an expression for the free energy developed recently to determine Hugoniot curves and isentropes in dense hydrogen and deuterium plasma in the regions of partial dissociation and partial ionization. We show that at high pressures the influence of the excluded volume occupied by neutral species is crucial for the transition to full ionization. We present curves for several thermodynamic functions for the region 5000 K < T < 20000 K and 0.6 g/cm3 < ϱ < 1 g/cm3. The influence of the effective radii of the neutral species is crucial in the transition region. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Experimental Study of Laser Interaction with Fibrous and Foam‐Like Materials
Authors: Bugrov A. E. , Burdonskiy I. N. , Dedova O. L. , Fasakhov I. K. , Gavrilov V. V. , Goltsov A. Yu. , Gromov A. I. , Kondrashov V. N. , Koptyaev S. N. , Kovalskii N. G. , Medovshchikov S. F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractNew results obtained in experiments on laser irradiation (I = 1014 W/cm2, λ = 1.055 micrometer) of lowdensity (1–30 mg/cm3) fibrous and foam‐like materials are presented and discussed. Influence of low‐density material microstructure of irradiated plane samples on processes of laser light absorption, X‐ray conversion, energy transport, plasma formation and homogenization was investigated. The pronounced effect of material microstructure on the parameters and dynamics of produced plasma has been found out using the variety of complementary X‐ray and optical methods. The extension of hot plasma region inside irradiated samples as well as the energy transport rate was observed to be several times higher for samples of foam‐like polystyrene than for samples of fibrous agar. The experiments with cascade targets consisting of several mylar films (film thickness and film‐to‐film spacing were varied) were carried out with the aim to model the polystyrene microstructure in a simplified manner. The low‐density fibrous samples with external and internal soft X‐ray sources (converters) were also irradiated. Preferences of either fiber or foam‐like material utilization in target constructions for specific research problems are considered. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mitigation of Electromagnetic Instabilities in Fast Ignition Scenario
Authors: Deutsch C. , Bret A. , Fromy P. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe address the issues of collective stopping for intense relativistic electron beams (REB) used to selectively ignite precompressed deuterium + tritium (DT) fuels. We investigate the subtle interplay of electron collisions in target as well as in beam plasmas with quasi‐linear electromagnetic growth rates. Intrabeam scattering is found effective in taming those instabilities, in particular for high transverse temperatures. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Experimental Characterization of a Strongly Coupled Solid Density Plasma Generated in a Short‐pulse Laser Target Interaction
Authors: Gregori G. , Hansen S. B. , Clarke R. , Heathcote R. , Key M. H. , King J. , Klein R. I. , Izumi N. , Mackinnon A. J. , Moon S. J. , Park H.‐S. , Pasley J. , Patel N. , Patel P. K. , Remington B. A. , Ryutov D. D. , Shepherd R. , Snavely R. A. , Wilks S. C. , Zhang B. B. , Glenzer S. H. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractWe have measured high resolution copper Kα spectra from a picosecond high intensity laser produced plasma. By fitting the shape of the experimental spectra with a self‐consistent‐field model which includes all the relevant line shifts from multiply ionized atoms, we are able to infer time and spatially averaged electron temperatures (Te) and ionization state (Z) in the foil. Our results show increasing values for Te and Z when the overall mass of the target is reduced. In particular, we measure temperatures in excess of 200 eV with Z ∼ 13‐14. For these conditions the ion‐ion coupling constant is Γii ∼ 8‐9, thus suggesting the achievement of a strongly coupled plasma regime. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Two‐moment modelling of the dynamic longitudinal conductivity of strongly coupled Coulomb systems
Authors: Ballester D. , Tkachenko I. M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA dynamic longitudinal internal conductivity model, derived from the classical method of moments, is applied to the analysis of recent simulation data and reflectivity measurements of shock‐compressed dense xenon plasmas. This model satisfies both the non‐zerof–sum rule and the second non‐zero sum rule, and reproduces the non‐monotonicity of the conductivity of dense plasmas beyond the domain of applicability of the Drude‐Lorentz model. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural Features of Titanium Complexes of Salicylaldiminato Derivatives of Amino Acids
Authors: Müller Jens , Kehr Gerald , Fröhlich Roland , Erker Gerhard 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCondensation of salicylaldehyde with amino acid derivatives gave the salicylaldimine derivatives 3 that reacted with TiCl4 with release of HCl to yield the chelate complexes [(SalPhgOMe)TiCl3] (4a), [(SalValOMe)TiCl3] (4b), and the dipeptide derivative [(SalAlaValOMe)TiCl3] (4d). The complex [(Sal*PhgOMe)TiCl3] (4c) was prepared analogously starting from 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde and phenylglycine methyl ester. Complex rac‐4a was characterized by X‐ray diffraction and shown to feature a typical structure where the monoanionic ligand is tridentate, coordinating to the central titanium atom through both the phenolate oxygen atom and the ester carbonyl oxygen atom as well as through the imine nitrogen atom. A hydrolyzed carboxylate analogue of 4a exhibits an analogous central structural framework. In this case, however, the overall structure of rac‐5a was found to be a metallacyclic tetramer where four titanium atoms bind four such tridentate ligands. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Organotin‐Substituted Crown Ethers for Ditopic Complexation of Anions and Cations
Authors: Reeske Gregor , Schürmann Markus , Costisella Burkhard , Jurkschat Klaus 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe syntheses of the organotin‐substituted crown ethers m‐(Ph2XSnCH2CH2)‐15‐benzocrown‐5 (2, X = Ph; 3, X = I; 4, X = Cl; 5, X = NCS) and the salt [m‐(Ph3SnCH2CH2)‐15‐benzocrown‐5·Na]+SCN– (2a) are reported. Compounds 2a and 4 (as its aqua complex 4·H2O) are characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction sudies. Multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry reveal the triorganotin chloride 4 to be a ditopic host towards sodium rhodanide. This statement is further supported by the ability of compound 4 to transport sodium rhodanide through an organic membrane. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Structural Transformations and Magnetic Effects Induced by Solvent Exchange in the Spin Crossover Complex [Fe(bpp)2][Cr(bpy)(ox)2]2
Authors: Giménez‐López Mari Carmen , Clemente‐León Miguel , Coronado Eugenio , Romero Francisco M. , Shova Sergiu , Tuchagues Jean‐Pierre 
Published: June 2005

AbstractStructural, thermal, magnetic and solvent‐exchange properties of the spin crossover compound [Fe(bpp)2][Cr(bpy)(ox)2]2 containing paramagnetic anions are given. This complex salt 1 crystallises as a dihydrate with two inequivalent (high‐spin and low‐spin) FeII sites. The dehydrated compound is a spin‐crossover material with T1/2↑ = 369 K and T1/2↓ = 353 K. Rehydration takes place without loss of crystallinity, yielding a polymorph (2) with 100 % high‐spin FeII sites. The different high‐spin fractions in 1 and 2 have been correlated to structural changes in the FeII second coordination sphere. The magnetic response to the presence of different sorbed molecules has also been explored. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Highly Efficient CuBr‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC) between Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Activated Methylene Compounds
Authors: Li Zhiping , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA novel and efficient C–C bond‐formation method was developed: the cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction catalyzed by copper bromide in the presence of an oxidizing reagent, tBuOOH. The CDC reaction provides a simple and efficient catalytic method to construct β‐amino diesters and β‐dicyano amines by a combination of two different sp3 C–H bonds followed by C–C bond formation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Improved dynamic control for permanent magnet AC (PMAC) machine in the field weakening region
Authors: Attaianese C. , Nardi V. , Tomasso G. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a study of a predictive torque and flux control in the constant torque region and in the field‐weakening one of Permanent Magnet Alternate Machines (PMAC) fed by a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). It is based on the step‐by‐step determination of the inverter feeding voltage as a function of the current references, by taking into account both the steady state and the transient electrical constraints. Experimental results confirm the validity of the proposed approach and the possibility of achieving very good dynamic performances. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A20 Protects Mice From Lethal Radical Hepatectomy by Promoting Hepatocyte Proliferation via a p21waf1-Dependent Mechanism *
Authors: Longo Christopher R. , Patel Virendra I. , Shrikhande Gautam V. , Scali Salvatore T. , Csizmadia Eva , Daniel Soizic , Sun David W. , Grey Shane T. , Arvelo Maria B. , Ferran Christiane 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

The liver has a remarkable regenerative capacity, allowing recovery following injury. Regeneration after injury is contingent on maintenance of healthy residual liver mass, otherwise fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) may arise. Understanding the protective mechanisms safeguarding hepatocytes and promoting their proliferation is critical for devising therapeutic strategies for FHF. We demonstrate that A20 is part of the physiological response of hepatocytes to injury. In particular, A20 is significantly upregulated in the liver following partial hepatectomy. A20 protects hepatocytes from apoptosis and ongoing inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB. Hepatic expression of A20 in BALB/c mice dramatically improves survival following extended and radical lethal hepatectomy. A20 expression in the liver limits hepatocellular damage hence maintains bilirubin clearance and the liver synthetic function. In addition, A20 confers a proliferative advantage to hepatocytes via decreased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21waf1.
In conclusion
, A20 provides a proliferative advantage to hepatocytes. By combining anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and pro-proliferative functions, A20-based therapies could be beneficial in prevention and treatment of FHF. (Hepatology 2005;42:156–164.)
Functional Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivating in Hepatitis B Surface Antigen-Negative Individuals *
Authors: Hass Meike , Hannoun Charles , Kalinina Tatyana , Sommer Gunhild , Manegold Christoph , Günther Stephan 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

The biological properties of latent or occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been poorly characterized as a result of the extremely low virus concentration. This report describes the phenotype of HBV reactivating in two patients after an HBsAg-negative latency period. One patient had latent HBV infection for at least 12 years without detectable viremia and symptoms of liver disease. Several full-length HBV genomes were cloned at reactivation, sequenced, and functionally tested by transfection into HuH7 cells. Genomes from both patients showed a low replication phenotype. It was caused at the level of RNA encapsidation or HBV DNA synthesis, but was not attributable to uncommon mutations in the terminal protein domain of P protein. A substantial subpopulation (≈50%) of genomes from one patient did not express pre-S2/S mRNA and HBsAg. Site-directed mutagenesis identified a single G-A mutation within the S gene (position 458) to be responsible for this effect. The G458A mutation was also effective if the S gene was placed under control of a heterologous promoter. Furthermore, nuclear run-on transcription showed that the G458A mutation acts at the posttranscriptional level. The mutation affected a 5′ splice site and prevented splicing of the pre-S2/S mRNA from position 458 to 1305.
In conclusion
, HBV latency may be characterized by viruses with reduced replication competence and antigen expression. In one patient, HBsAg expression was terminated by an as yet undescribed posttranscriptional mechanism. A single mutation inactivated a 5′ splice site that is obviously essential for pre-S2/S mRNA accumulation.

Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website

(
http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html
). (Hepatology 2005;42:93–103.)
Oxidative Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Deletion in Hepatocytes of Rejecting Liver Allografts in Rats: Role of TNF-α *
Authors: Nagakawa Yuichi , Williams George Melville , Zheng Qizhi , Tsuchida Akihiko , Aoki Tatsuya , Montgomery Robert A. , Klein Andrew S. , Sun Zhaoli 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

An orthotopic liver transplant model in the rat was used to evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in liver transplant rejection. There were significantly increased levels of TNF-α mRNA and parallel increases in 8-hydroxy-2′ deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) indicative of oxidative DNA damage present 7 to 12 days after transplantation. Cells staining positively for 8-OHdG were localized to the cytoplasm of hepatocytes adjacent to the TNF-α expressing inflammatory cells in the portal areas or in patches surrounded by inflammatory cells in the hepatic sinusoids. Significantly more cells staining for 8-OHdG were found in the allogeneic grafts that were strongly rejected than in the syngeneic controls or in the grafts placed in species that accepted the allograft permanently after a rejection episode. TUNEL reactivity lagged 2 days behind peak reactivity for 8-OHdG. On day 12 after transplantation, many cells stained for both 8-OHdG and TUNEL, indicating that the cells suffering oxidative DNA injury were undergoing apoptosis or death. Oxidative injury resulted in mtDNA deletion consisting of 4,834 base-pairs. Studies of hepatocytes cultured from normal rats displayed dose-dependent relationships between TNF-α concentration and 8-OHdG and mtDNA mutation. Repetitive intraperitoneal injection of Enbrel, a TNF receptor blocker, significantly decreased hepatocyte 8-OHdG levels and the frequency of deleted mtDNA while greatly extending graft survival time.
In conclusion
, the data presented implicate TNF-α as being capable of causing oxidative DNA damage and mtDNA mutation in hepatocytes. (Hepatology 2005;42:208–215.)
Activation and Function of Hepatocyte NF-κB in Postischemic Liver Injury *
Authors: Lentsch Alex B. , Jaeschke Hartmut , Mullen Kevin , Moradpour Darius 
Published: June 2005

Abstract

The inhibitor of NF-κB (I-κB) kinase (IKK) complex consists of 3 subunits, IKK1, IKK2, and NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), and is involved in the activation of NF-κB by various stimuli. IKK2 or NEMO constitutive knockout mice die during embryogenesis as a result of massive hepatic apoptosis. Therefore, we examined the role of IKK2 in TNF-induced apoptosis and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the liver by using conditional knockout mice. Hepatocyte-specific ablation of IKK2 did not lead to impaired activation of NF-κB or increased apoptosis after TNF-alpha stimulation whereas conditional NEMO knockout resulted in complete block of NF-κB activation and massive hepatocyte apoptosis. In a model of partial hepatic I/R injury, mice lacking IKK2 in hepatocytes displayed significantly reduced liver necrosis and inflammation than wild-type mice. AS602868, a novel chemical inhibitor of IKK2, protected mice from liver injury due to I/R without sensitizing them toward TNF-induced apoptosis and could therefore emerge as a new pharmacological therapy for liver resection, hemorrhagic shock, or transplantation surgery.