bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles for metabolic syndrome therapy: Assessing efficacy with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Ling Magdalene Tan Mei , Govindaraju Kayatri , Lokanathan Yogeswaran , Abidin Asmaa' Zainal , Ibrahim Baharudin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. The prevalence of MetS has surged, transforming it into a pressing public health concern that could potentially affect around 20%–25% of the global population. As MetS continues its ascent, diverse interventions, pharmacological, nonpharmacological and combined have been deployed. Yet, a comprehensive remedy that fully eradicates MetS symptoms remains elusive, compounded by the risks of polypharmacy's emergence. Acknowledging the imperative to grasp MetS's intricate pathologies, deeper insights for future research and therapy optimisation become paramount. Conventional treatments often target specific syndrome elements. However, a novel approach emerges in mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles (MSC‐EVs) therapy, promising a holistic shift. MSC‐EVs, tiny membranous vesicles secreted by mesenchymal stem cells, have garnered immense attention for their multifaceted bioactivity and regenerative potential. Their ability to modulate inflammation, enhance tissue repair and regulate metabolic pathways has prompted researchers to explore their therapeutic application in MetS. This review primarily aims to provide an overview of how MSC‐EVs therapy can improve metabolic parameters in subjects with MetS disease and also introduce the usefulness of NMR spectroscopy in assessing the efficacy of MSC‐EVs therapy for treating MetS.
Fluorimetric Cell Analysis with 9‐Aryl‐Substituted Berberine Derivatives as DNA‐Targeting Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Groß Philipp , Hoffmann Renée S. , Müller Mareike , Schönherr Holger , Ihmels Heiko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDNA‐sensitive fluorescent light‐up probes based on berberine are presented. This biogenic fluorophore was chosen as central unit to use its potential biocompatibility and its DNA‐binding properties. To provide predictable fluorescence quenching in aqueous solution and a fluorescence light‐up effect upon DNA binding, aryl substituents were attached at the 9‐position by Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions. The 9‐arylberberine derivatives have a very low fluorescence quantum yield (Φfl=<0.02), which is caused by the radiationless deactivation of the excited state by torsional relaxation about the biaryl axis. In addition, these berberine derivatives intercalate into DNA with high affinity (Kb=2.0−22×104 M−1). Except for the nitrophenyl‐ and hydroxyphenyl‐substituted derivatives, all tested compounds exhibited a pronounced fluorescence light‐up effect upon association with DNA, because the deactivation of the excited‐state by torsional relaxation is suppressed in the DNA binding site. Most notably, it was shown exemplarily with the 9‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐ and the 9‐(6‐methoxynaphthyl)‐substituted derivatives that these properties are suited for fluorimetric cell analysis. In particular, these probes generated distinct staining patterns in eukaryotic cells (NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts), which enabled the identification of nuclear substructures, most likely heterochromatin or nucleoli, respectively.
Necrotizing fasciitis in neonates: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Oboodi Roya , Barzegar Hamide , Behzadi Roozbeh 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageEarly recognition and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis reduce mortality rate which is 24.1% among neonates. Antibiotics and debridement are common treatments. Hyperbaric oxygen and negative pressure wound healing show potential but need further investigation.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Authors: Smit Chané , Uys André 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageFibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a progressively debilitating condition associated with significant morbidity caused by heterotopic ossification. Recognition of the early signs of hallux valgus and painful soft tissue nodules can assist in the early diagnosis of this condition. Periodic radiographic examination is mandatory to monitor the disease progression.AbstractFibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare condition with an estimated prevalence of one in two million individuals. The condition is characterized by widespread heterotrophic ossification of skeletal muscles and ligaments. We report the case of an 8‐year‐old female patient and show the radiological progression of the condition.
Two‐Dimensional β‐Ketoenamine‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Visible Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Fulin , Xiong Kanghui , Lang Xianjun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo date, two‐dimensional (2D) β‐ketoenamine‐linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have exhibited tremendous potential in visible light photocatalysis due to their broad absorption and favorable stability provided by the linkage. Here, with 1,3,5‐triformylphloroglucinol as the stationary building block, various COFs can be constructed to address different challenges. To inspire state‐of‐the‐art advancements toward photocatalysis, in this Concept article, the rational design of 2D β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs is summarized. First, the dimension of engineering the linker is considered to improve the activity of the COFs. The photocatalysis could be extended by inserting a functional group to the other building block. Second, the other dimension of integrating cocatalysts like transition metals or 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxyl with β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs could further expand the potential in photocatalytic reactions. These prior accomplishments establish that the rational design of 2D β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs is instrumental in improving the photocatalytic activity, laying the foundation for future explorations.
Electrochemical Approximation to Bronze Age Chronology via Multiple Scan Voltammetry
Authors: Doménech‐Carbó Antonio , Mödlinger Marianne , Osete‐Cortina Laura , Doménech‐Carbó María Teresa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInsert A multiple‐scan voltammetry strategy is described and applied to a set of 107 Bronze Age and later copper/bronze objects, mainly from sites in Central Europe. This methodology allows the study of the compositional and textural properties (compactness, crystallinity, degree of hydration) of the patina to be studied from the accumulated peak current values for the characteristic signals corresponding to the reduction of cuprite and tenorite to metallic copper. A new model for the relationship between peak current and the depth reached in successive scans is presented and used to discriminate samples of different provenance and manufacturing technique, as well as their ascription to different Bronze Age periods
Towards the Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Batteries by Designing (N, Co, Zr, P) Tetra‐Doped Porous Carbon Anode
Authors: Jin Huibin , Zhang Zehao , Feng Guolin , Li Haibo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHeteroatom‐doped porous carbons have stable structures, high electron/ion transport efficiencies, and rich electroactive sites, which are of great significance to energy storage devices. The potential synergistic effects arising from the multi‐element doping benefit to improve the electrochemical behavior of porous carbon. In this paper, a facile doping strategy has been proposed to prepare the (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped porous carbon spheres (PCS) for enhanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The metal‐organophosphine framework (MOPF) as precursor is synthesized by utilizing riboflavin sodium phosphate as organic ligand coordinating with cobalt and zirconium ions. Through carbonizing MOPF, the (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped PCS can be obtained. As the anode for LIBs, the (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped PCS exhibits highly reversible capacity of 761 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles, excellent rate performance of 126 mAh g−1 even at a high current density of 2 A g−1. The results feature that the unique 3D structure and superior local electron transport properties of (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped PCS promote the Li+ diffusion and adsorption, which improve the electrochemical properties. Moreover, the mechanism analysis realizes that the Li+ storage of (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped PCS is determined by the capacitive behavior at high scan rate, highlighting the significance of the heteroatom doping. Therefore, the (N, Co, Zr, P) tetra‐doped PCS should be considered as prominent candidate for high‐performance LIBs anodes.
Perspectives on the impact of crystallization in bioactive glasses and glass‐ceramics
Authors: Montazerian Maziar , Shearer Adam , Mauro John C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBoth unwanted and induced crystallization can impact bioactivity, physical and mechanical properties of bioactive glasses (BGs). Uncontrolled crystallization has negative consequences, rendering BGs unreliable. However, by manipulating the type, size, shape, and quantity of crystals in BGs, plenty of opportunities arise for controlling, for example, mechanical properties and degradability, leading to unique applications and improved performance. Understanding crystallization is a key step in developing bioactive glasses and glass‐ceramics (BGCs), and both fundamental and experimental research can aid in the design of BGCs for processing and biological function. In this perspective, we discuss the sources of crystallization and how controlled crystallization facilitates the functionalization of bioactive scaffolds, hybrids, coatings, composites, cements, and fibers.
Non‐Innocent π Linkers Affect Cooperativity in Hydrogen‐Bonded Macrocycles
Authors: Almacellas David , van der Lubbe Stephanie C. C. , Grosch Alice A. , Tsagri Iris , Vermeeren Pascal , Poater Jordi , Fonseca Guerra Célia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRigid, linear π‐conjugated acetylene linkers connecting a hydrogen‐bond acceptor to a hydrogen‐bond donor are established building blocks for self‐assembled hydrogen‐bonded macrocycles. Kohn‐Sham molecular orbital and Voronoi deformation density analyses reveal that the acetylene linker plays an unprecedented, non‐innocent role in the cooperativity of these hydrogen‐bonded macrocycles. The acetylene linker can abstract electron density from the hydrogen‐bond acceptor and donor, due to the linkers’ low‐lying π‐LUMO. As a result, the hydrogen‐bond acceptor becomes less negatively charged, which both hampers the cooperativity, as well as the hydrogen bond strength, in the hydrogen‐bonded macrocycles. This effect becomes more pronounced when the size of the acetylene linker increases. The findings presented in this work can act as design principles for the development of novel supramolecular macrocycles based on hydrogen bonds.
Symmetrical and Mixed Tris(acyl)phosphines: Synthesis, Oxidation and Photochemistry
Authors: Wiesner Tanja , Neshchadin Dmytro , Glotz Gabriel , Gfader Zeno , Schrader Erik , Christen Samuel , Fischer Roland C. , Kelterer Anne‐Marie , Gescheidt Georg , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Haas Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of M. Haas, G. Gescheidt and H. Grützmacher from the Graz University of Technology and the ETH Zürich. The image depicts a phosphorus mine, where the workers are acid chlorides using their shovels and red phosphorus to provide the chemicals necessary to produce novel reagents. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202302535.
Predictive value of valvular calcification for the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Liu Tong , Li Meng‐Meng , Long De‐Yong , Yang Jie , Zhao Xin , Li Chang‐Yi , Wang Wei , Jiang Chen‐Xi , Tang Ri‐Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundValvular calcification (VC) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between VC and atrial fibrillation is not clear.HypothesisWe treated the aortic valve, mitral valve, and tricuspid valve as a whole and considered the possible association between VC and recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation (PsAF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).MethodsThis study involved 2687 PsAF patients who underwent RFCA. Data were collected to explore the relationship between VC and outcome. VC was defined by echocardiography in aortic valve, mitral valve, or tricuspid valve. After 1 year follow‐up, subgroup analysis, mixed model regression analysis, and score system analysis were performed. The external validation of 133 patients demonstrated the accuracy of this clinical prediction model.ResultsOverall, 2687 inpatients were assigned to the recurrence group (n = 682) or the no recurrence group (n = 2005) with or without VC. Compared to patients with no recurrence, the incidence of VC was higher in recurrence patients. Recurrence was present in 18.5%, 34.9%, 39.3%, and 52.0% of the four groups, which met VC numbers of 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, VC was an independent risk factor for AF recurrence in several models. For multivariable logistic regression, a scoring system was established based on the regression coefficient. The receiver operating characteristic area of the scoring system was 0.787 in the external validation cohort.ConclusionsVC was an independent risk factor for AF recurrence in PsAF after RFCA. The scoring system may be a useful clinical tool to assess AF recurrence.
Revolutionizing cancer drug development: Harnessing the potential of basket trials
Authors: Subbiah Vivek , Burris Howard A. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe landscape of cancer therapy has been transformed by advances in clinical next‐generation sequencing, genomically targeted therapies, and immunotherapies. Well designed clinical trials and efficient clinical trial conduct are crucial for advancing our understanding of cancer, improving patient outcomes, and identifying personalized treatments. Basket trials have emerged as one of the efficient modern clinical trial designs that evaluate the efficacy of these therapies across multiple cancer types based on specific molecular alterations or biomarkers, irrespective of histology or anatomic location. This review delves into the evolution of basket trials in cancer drug development, highlighting their potential prospects and current obstacles. The design of basket trials involves screening patients for specific molecular alterations or biomarkers and enrolling them in the trial to receive the targeted therapy under investigation. Statistical considerations play a crucial role in the design, analysis, and interpretation of basket trials. Several notable examples of basket trials that have led to US Food and Drug Administration approval for uncommon molecular alterations (e.g., NTRK fusions, BRAF mutations, RET and FGFR1 alterations) are discussed, including LOXO‐TRK (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02122913)/SCOUT (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02637687)/NAVIGATE (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02576431)/STARTRK (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NT02097810, NT02568267), VE‐BASKET (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01524978), ROAR Basket (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02034110), LIBRETTO‐001 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03157128), ARROW (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03037385), FIGHT‐203 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03011372), and the National Cancer Institute‐Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02465060). Basket trials have the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment by identifying effective therapies for patients based on specific molecular alterations or biomarkers rather than traditional histology‐based approaches.Plain Language Summary

To gain more knowledge about cancer, improve patient outcomes, and discover personalized treatments, it is crucial to conduct clinical trials efficiently.
One effective type of clinical trial is called a basket trial.
In basket trials, new treatments are tested on various types of cancer, regardless of their location in the body; instead, researchers focus on specific abnormalities in the cancer cells.
Basket trials offer hope that we can find personalized treatments that are more effective for each individual battling cancer.
The impact of air pollution on neurocognitive development: Adverse effects and health disparities
Authors: Pham Kim‐Chi T. , Chiew Kimberly S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAir pollution is recognized as a major public health concern. The number of deaths related to ambient air pollution has increased in recent years and is projected to continue rising. Additionally, both short‐ and long‐term air pollution exposure has been linked with deleterious effects on neurocognitive function and development. While air pollution poses as a threat to everyone, people of color and individuals of lower socioeconomic status are often exposed to elevated levels of air pollution as a function of systemic racism and classism. Further, given additional disparities in access to healthcare and other compounding stressors, adverse effects of air pollution on neurocognitive health are exacerbated among individuals who hold marginalized identities—making effects both less likely to be detected and treated. This review examines evidence of the effects of air pollution on neurocognitive development across the lifespan and incorporates an environmental justice perspective to highlight disparities in air pollution exposure across race and socioeconomic status. Last, upon the reviewed evidence, limitations of past research and recommendations for policy are discussed.
Development and application of novel high‐efficiency composite ultrafine cement grouts for roadway in fractured surrounding rocks
Authors: Tian Maolin , Chen Shaojie , Han Lijun , Xiao Hongtian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe fractured surrounding rocks of roadways pose major challenges to safe mining. Grouting has often been used to reinforce the surrounding rocks to mitigate the safety risks associated with fractured rocks. The aim of this study is to develop highly efficient composite ultrafine cement (CUC) grouts to reinforce the roadway in fractured surrounding rocks. The materials used are ultrafine cement (UC), ultrafine fly ash (UF), ultrafine slag (US), and additives (superplasticizer [SUP], aluminate ultrafine expansion agent [AUA], gypsum, and retarder). The fluidity, bleeding, shrinkage, setting time, chemical composition, microstructure, degree of hydration, and mechanical property of grouting materials were evaluated in this study. Also, a suitable and effective CUC grout mixture was used to reinforce the roadway in the fractured surrounding rock. The results have shown that the addition of UF and US reduces the plastic viscosity of CUC, and the best fluidity can be obtained by adding 40% UF and 10% US. Since UC and UF particles are small, the pozzolanic effect of UF promotes the hydration reaction, which is conductive to the stability of CUC grouts. In addition, fine particles of UC, UF, and US can effectively fill the pores, while the volumetric expansion of AUA and gypsum decreases the pores and thus affects the microstructure of the solidified grout. The compressive test results have shown that the addition of specific amounts of UF and US can ameliorate the mechanical properties of CUC grouts. Finally, the CUC22‐8 grout was used to reinforce the No. 20322 belt roadway. The results of numerical simulation and field monitoring have indicated that grouting can efficaciously reinforce the surrounding rock of the roadway. In this research, high‐performance CUC grouts were developed for surrounding rock reinforcement of underground engineering by utilizing UC and some additives.
A global‐scale study on decision making in renewable energy policy: Internal and external factors driving the adoption of Feed‐in Tariffs and Renewable Portfolio Standards
Authors: Döme Viktória 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo accelerate the clean energy transition, it is necessary to better understand the global policy dynamics and motivations behind clean energy policy adoptions and diffusion. This article examines the differential roles of internal and external diffusion factors on decisions to adopt renewable energy policies, that is, Feed‐In Tariffs (FIT) and Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), employing a unique blend of cluster analysis and event history analysis. Cluster analysis uncovers a dichotomy in adopting countries. First, early adopters emerge as high‐income, democratic countries, mostly energy importers with high CO2 emissions, with OECD and EU membership. Conversely, the second cluster consists of adopters from middle‐income, non‐OECD, and non‐EU nations with lower CO2 emissions. Strikingly, these clusters align with UNFCCC party classifications, underscoring the pivotal role of international agreements. Event history analysis suggests that especially environmental pressure, but also democratic governance and economic development are important when adopting renewable energy policies. Interestingly, environmental endowments seem to be less important. These findings lead to an important question: Are the requisite policy tools readily available to navigate diverse socio‐economic, political, and environmental landscapes, and are they deployed in a timely fashion? Beyond these findings, the study also shows that policy diffusion especially through normative emulation and social learning—operationalized as political globalization, OECD member and following regional neighbors—are important for policy adoption, suggesting the importance of such tools for promoting policies. Moreover, distinctive factors come into play when examining the adoption of FIT versus RPS policies, emphasizing the need for nuanced policy approaches.