bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and biomarker responses in healthy older adults to a 18-hole golf round and different walking types: a randomised cross-over study
Authors: Kettinen Julia , Tikkanen Heikki , Hiltunen Mikko , Murray Andrew , Horn Nils , Taylor William R , Venojärvi Mika 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe global burden of age-related cognitive decline is increasing, with the number of people aged 60 and over expected to double by 2050. This study compares the acute effects of age-appropriate cognitively demanding aerobic exercises involving walking, on cognitive functions and exerkine responses such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cathepsin B (CTSB) in older, healthy adults.Methods/designHealthy older golfers (n=25, 16 male and 9 female, 69±4 years) were enrolled in a 5-day randomised cross-over study and completed three different exercise trials (18-hole golf round, 6 km Nordic walking, 6 km walking) in a real-life environment, in random order and at a self-selected pace. Differences in cognition (the Trail-Making Test (TMT) AB) and exerkines (BDNF and CTSB) were analysed within groups using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test.ResultsAll exercise types resulted in a significant decrease in the TMT A-test (p<0.05; golf: −4.43±1.5 s, Nordic walking: −4.63±1.6 s, walking: −6.75±2.26 s), where Nordic walking and walking demonstrated a decrease in the TMT B-test (p<0.05; Nordic walking: −9.62±7.2 s, walking: −7.55±3.2 s). In addition, all exercise types produced significant decreases in the TMT AB test scores (p<0.05), and Nordic walking (p=0.035) showed decreases in the TMTB-TMTA-test. There were no immediate postexercise changes in the levels of BDNF or CTSB.ConclusionAcute bouts of golf, Nordic walking and walking improved cognitive functions irrespective of exerkines in healthy older adults. In addition, Nordic walking and walking in general enhanced executive functions. No significant effects were seen on the levels of BDNF and CTSB.Trial registration numberISRCTN10007294.
Proteomic profile of Toxoplasma gondii stress granules by high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Roscoe Scott , Guo Yue , Vacratsis Panayiotis O. , Ananvoranich Sirinart 
Published: October 2023

Ribonucleoprotein granules are bio-condensates that form a diverse group of dynamic membrane-less organelles implicated in several cellular functions, including stress response and cellular survival. In Toxoplasma gondii, a type of bio-condensates referred to as stress granules (SGs) are formed prior to the parasites’ egress from the host cell and are implicated in the survival and invasion competency of extracellular tachyzoites. We used paraformaldehyde to fix and cross-link SG proteins to allow purification by centrifugation and analysis by mass spectrometry. We profiled protein components of SGs at 10 and 30 min post-egress when parasite’s invasion ability is significantly diminished. Thirty-three proteins were identified from 10 min SGs, and additional 43 proteins were identified from 30 min SGs. Notably, common SG components such as proteins with intrinsically disordered domains were not identified. Gene ontology analysis of both 10 and 30 min SGs shows that overall molecular functions of SGs’ proteins are ATP-binding, GTP-binding, and GTPase activity. Discernable differences between 10 and 30 min SGs are in the proportions of translation and microtubule-related proteins. Ten-minute SGs have a higher proportion of microtubule-related proteins and a lower proportion of ribosome-related proteins, while a reverse correlation was identified for those of 30 min. It remains to be investigated whether this reverse correlation contributes to the ability of extracellular tachyzoites to reinvade host cells.
Survival and Freedom From Reinterventions in Patients With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: Up to 42‐Year Follow‐Up of 917 Patients
Authors: Gebauer Roman , Chaloupecký Václav , Hučín Bohumil , Tláskal Tomáš , Komárek Arnošt , Janoušek Jan 
Published: October 2023

Background
To evaluate long‐term outcome of tetralogy of Fallot repair analyzing an unbiased country‐wide surgically treated population with tetralogy of Fallot.

Methods and Results

Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients aged <18 years who underwent tetralogy of Fallot repair at a single nationwide pediatric cardiac center. Death from any cause and need for surgical or catheter reintervention were the study end points. Cox regression analysis was used to identify related risk factors. A total of 917 patients (male, 56.3%) were analyzed. Staged repair was performed in 16.9%. Early mortality (24/917, 2.62% patients) was confined to the early surgical eras. Late mortality was 4.5% (40/893 patients). Survival probability was 95.1%, 93.8% and 91.9% at 10, 20 and 30 years after repair, respectively. Early surgical era (
P
=0.013) and surgical/catheter reinterventions (
P
<0.001) were multivariable predictors of late death. A total of 487 reinterventions were performed after initial repair in 253/917 patients (27.6%), with pulmonary artery revalvulation (196/917 patients, 21.4%) being most frequent. Probability of freedom from first reintervention was 89.0%, 73.3%, and 55.1% at 10, 20, and 30 years after primary repair, respectively. Transannular repair was associated with the need for pulmonary artery revalvulation (
P
<0.001). Patients who underwent staged repair were more likely to need reinterventions on pulmonary arteries (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
In an unbiased nationwide cohort, tetralogy of Fallot repair carried a favorable survival of >90% at 30 years. Each reintervention significantly incrementally increased the risk of mortality. Type of initial repair predicted the need for specific surgical or catheter reinterventions.
Attributable Costs of Stroke in Ontario, Canada and Their Variation by Stroke Type and Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Vyas Manav V. , Fang Jiming , de Oliveira Claire , Austin Peter C. , Yu Amy Y.X. , Kapral Moira K. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Estimates of attributable costs of stroke are scarce, as most prior studies do not account for the baseline health care costs in people at risk of stroke. We estimated the attributable costs of stroke in a universal health care setting and their variation across stroke types and several social determinants of health.

METHODS:
We undertook a population-based administrative database-derived matched retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥40 years with a stroke between 2003 and 2018 were matched (1:1) on demographics and comorbidities with controls without stroke. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we estimated the mean 1-year direct health care costs attributable to stroke from a public health care payer perspective, accounting for censoring with a weighted available sample estimator. We described health sector–specific costs and reported variation across stroke type and social determinants of health.

RESULTS:
The mean 1-year attributable costs of stroke were Canadian dollars 33 522 (95% CI, $33 231–$33 813), with higher costs for intracerebral hemorrhage ($40 244; $39 193–$41 294) than ischemic stroke ($32 547; $32 252–$32 843). Most of these costs were incurred in acute care hospitals ($15 693) and rehabilitation facilities ($7215). Compared with all patients with stroke, the mean attributable costs were higher among immigrants ($40 554; $39 316–$41 793), those aged <65 years ($35 175; $34 533–$35 818), and those residing in low-income neighborhoods ($34 687; $34 054–$35 320) and lower among rural residents ($29 047; $28 362–$29 731).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings of high attributable costs of stroke, especially in immigrants, younger patients, and residents of low-income neighborhoods, can be used to evaluate potential health care cost savings associated with different primary stroke prevention strategies.
Race and Reification
Authors: Dimick Matthew 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article uses Marx’s idea of commodity fetishism and subsequent theories of reification to understand the social construction of race. Race is typically defined as a socially-constituted category that is mischaracterised as a natural one. The goal of this article, in contrast, is to explain how this mischaracterisation arises. In addition to this main objective, the article uses this explanation of race to contest recent attempts that locate the ‘persistent entanglement’ of race and capital in their functional relationship. Finally, the article engages with related, commodity-based theories of race and racism and concludes with thoughts on what the socially-constructed category of race can teach us about the nature of value and capitalism.
Where Have All the Flowers Gone? The Fate of a Jewish “Culture of Flowers” in Two Early Medieval Diasporas
Authors: Holzer Aton M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Flowers and traditions involving flowers tend to be conspicuously absent from early and late medieval Rabbinic literature, with one well-known but controversial exception. In contrast, literature and archaeological motifs beginning from the biblical period and reaching a climax in the late Second Temple period are replete with floral themes. The Madonna lily – lilium candidum – is especially celebrated as a symbol of ancient Israel, and particularly the Temple in Jerusalem, which may have been adorned with them in the late spring. In this essay, we analyze the Jewish culture of flowers in its Greco-Roman context and suggest possibilities to account for its ulti- mate disappearance – in particular, the translocation of Rabbinic scholarship to a Zoroastrian milieu, in which flowers played a central role in worship.
Multiple Contrast Connectives and Their Contribution to the Cohesion and Poetics of Yehuda Amichai’s Poetry
Authors: Yemini Bat-Zion 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article presents an interdisciplinary stylistic study of the language of Yehuda Amichai’s poetry in his last and enigmatic book, “Open Closed Open” (1998). The study examines his extensive use of contrast words and their contribution to the cohesion and poetics of the book’s poems. All 296 poems in the book were examined, and the contrast words were documented alongside the content of each poem. Stylistic examination reveals an exceptionally extensive 138 appearances of contrast words, among them 107 occurrences of aval. Analysis of the discourse in this research focuses on the function of the contrast words, and their meaning is determined according to semantic distinctions, which are based on the text’s interpretation. It was found that the cohesion in the book is reflected in structure and content, which explains the enigmatic meaning of the book’s title.
“It Is Certainly Forbidden to Force Her”:
Authors: Marienberg Evyatar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article examines a chapter on marital sexuality that appears in a work that, for many decades, has been an extremely popular Ashkenazi manual of Jewish law and practices, the Kitzur Shulhan Arukh of the Hungarian rabbi Salomon (Shlomo) Ganzfried (1804–1886). It shows the way the author used previous sources to create his own work, shedding light on his method as well as on an important example of the type of written rabbinic sex guidance that was available for countless traditional Jewish readers for centuries.
A Hobbesian Method for Establishing the Absurdity of Injustice Without Reliance on Hobbes’s Temporal Arguments
Authors: Lloyd S.A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The paper investigates Hobbes’s arguments that injustice is a kind of absurdity involving a “contradiction properly so called,” concluding that although those arguments are undermined by their reliance on a mistaken temporality assumption, Hobbes’s philosophy provides other means for establishing his desired conclusion.
Thomas Hobbes’ Invisible Things
Authors: Cardoso dos Santos Allan Gabriel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hobbes argues that among the reasons for the Catholic Church’s power is the difficulty for ignorant people to understand the causes of natural phenomena. They take the motion of invisible bodies for the intervention of incorporeal agents. For Hobbes, the Church tries to perpetuate this profitable misunderstanding by spreading Scholastic doctrines supporting this idea in the sermons of all the parishes of the Christian world. Existing literature, thus far, focused almost exclusively on Hobbes’ negative claim concerning incorporeal substances, i.e., that they are absurd and are only used to justify the Church’s claim to power. On the other hand, his positive proposition to replace immaterial substances with invisible bodies was not fully explored. By highlighting Hobbes’ examination of invisibility in Leviathan, it is possible to demonstrate how he uses ideas from natural philosophy to challenge some of the dominant Scholastic doctrines and, consequently, the usurpation of the sovereign’s ecclesiastical power.
Statistical shape modeling of mean shape and principal variability of the human talar bone in the Chinese population
Authors: Wang Shuo , Yu Jian , Lyu Jinyang , Zhao Dahang , Zhang Chao , Huang Jiazhang , Wang Xu , Ma Xin 
Published: October 2023

Purpose The talar bone plays a crucial role in ankle biomechanics and stability. Understanding the shape variability of the talar bone within specific populations is essential for various clinical applications. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mean shape and principal variability of the human talar bone in the Chinese population using statistical shape modeling (SSM). Methods CT scans of 214 tali were included to create SSM models. Principal component analysis was used to describe shape variation among the male, female, and overall groups. Results The largest amount of variation among three groups ranges from 17.2%–18.8% of each variation. The first seven principal components (modes) captured 62.4%–67.5% of the cumulative variance. No dominant shape of the talus was found. Male tali generally have a larger size than the female tali, with the exception of the articular surface of the anterior subtalar joint. Conclusions SSM is an effective method of finding mean shape and principal variability. Considerable variabilities were noticed among these three groups and all principal modes of variation. No dominant talar model was found to represent the majority of tali, regardless the gender. Such information is crucial to improve the current understanding of talar pathologies and their treatment strategies.
Ascending Aorta Nose-Cone Loop Technique as Bail Out for Precise Branched Endovascular Aortic Arch Endograft Delivery Without Valve Re-Crossing
Authors: Grandi Alessandro , Kölbel Tilo , Rohlffs Fiona , Yousef al Sarhan Daour , Panuccio Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To describe a right carotid-femoral through-and-through (T&T) guidewire technique during branched thoracic endovascular aortic arch repair (B-TEVAR) to facilitate endograft delivery in a very tortuous aortic anatomy for a type Ia endoleak (EL) of a previous aortic endograft implantation. Technique: AT&T guidewire was established between the right common carotid artery and the right common femoral artery to facilitate a difficult endograft delivery. Once in the aortic arch, a loop in the ascending aorta was formed to allow the endograft to reach the desired position without losing tension on the guidewire. This maneuver allowed the T&T guidewire to be kept in place until the desired position was reached. The nose-tip of the endograft was curved over the looped guidewire pointing toward the innominate artery without crossing the valve. After endograft deployment, the T&T guidewire was released, and the branches were bridged in a standard fashion. Completion angiography documented correct deployment of the endograft and no sign of type I/III EL. The 1-month computed tomography angiography confirmed the correct deployment. Conclusion: Carotid-femoral T&T guidewire to facilitate endograft delivery in difficult anatomies can be feasible even in B-TEVAR. Possible bailout maneuvers are available if the aortic valve needs to be crossed after endograft delivery. Clinical Impact Endovascular arch repair gains popularity as a valuable alternative, especially in patients considered unfit for open repair. A through-and-through (T&T) guidewire for endovascular arch repair with a landing zone in zone 0 according to Ishimaru is usually performed through the externalization of the femoral guidewire through a transapical access, but this may not always be feasible in frail patients. A right carotid-femoral though-and-through guidewire with a loop formation in the ascending aorta is proposed to achieve the support of a T&T wire to pass tortuous aortoiliac anatomies and access the ascending aorta without the need for aortic valve crossing.
Engaging Health Professions Educators in an Initiative to Create and Disseminate Micro Virtual Asynchronous Educator Development Content During COVID-19
Authors: Dzara Kristina , DePaula Caitlyn R , Alexander Erik K 
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES Most teaching activities pivoted to virtual during COVID-19. Demanding schedules necessitated brief, asynchronous, and widely disseminated professional development to encourage connection and reinforce educator identity. We created and disseminated micro virtual asynchronous educator development while engaging educators from interprofessional backgrounds to co-create teaching tips. We undertook educational evaluation to understand the impact of our educational initiative, measured along 2 professional development dimensions offering contexts for learning—the individual or independent experience, and the group or collective experience—which served as an organizing framework from which to interpret our results. METHODS Between June 2020 and July 2021, 74 educators at our institution were asked to participate in our “One Minute Teaching Tips” initiative by providing a brief tip or pearl. Each tip was edited, prepared as a high-quality infographic, and shared via: (1) website; (2) digital monitors; (3) newsletter; and (4) Twitter (now X). Quantitative metrics measuring website and Twitter engagement were analyzed descriptively and to determine distinctions among key variables. Participants answered a brief survey and directed content analysis was utilized to analyze the open-ended responses. RESULTS Fifty educators (67.5%) participated. Among those, 45 (90%) completed the survey. Tips were accessed via website 1447 times, averaging 28.9/week. The average tweet garnered 43.2 engagements. Six categories aligned with the individual dimension: participants engaged meaningfully, considered prior experience, relied on educational principles, focused on interest or passion, reflected on teaching practices, and experienced reinforced professional identity. Six categories aligned with the collective dimension: participants felt the initiative supported institutional need, was visible to the community, encouraged engagement with other tips, supported inclusive participation, brought value within the community, and showcased education. CONCLUSION Our initiative aligns with a contemporary understanding of professional development and was impactful along individual and collective dimensions. Similar initiatives could be developed in alignment with accreditation requirements.
Age and ligand specificity influence the outcome of pathogen engagement on preleukemic and leukemic B-cell precursor populations
Authors: Atre Tanmaya , Farrokhi Ali , Jo Sumin , Salitra Samuel , Duque-Afonso Jesus , Cleary Michael L. , Rolf Nina , Reid Gregor S. D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Common infections have long been proposed to play a role in the development of pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). However, epidemiologic studies report contradictory effects of infection exposure on subsequent B-ALL risk, and no specific pathogen has been definitively linked to the disease. A unifying mechanism to explain the divergent outcomes could inform disease prevention strategies. We previously reported that the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) ligand Poly(I:C) exerted effects on B-ALL cells that were distinct from those observed with other nucleic acid–based PRR ligands. Here, using multiple double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) moieties, we show that the overall outcome of exposure to Poly(I:C) reflects the balance of opposing responses induced by its ligation to endosomal and cytoplasmic receptors. This PRR response biology is shared between mouse and human B-ALL and can increase leukemia-initiating cell burden in vivo during the preleukemia phase of B-ALL, primarily through tumor necrosis factor α signaling. The age of the responding immune system further influences the impact of dsRNA exposure on B-ALL cells in both mouse and human settings. Overall, our study demonstrates that potentially proleukemic and antileukemic effects can each be generated by the stimulation of pathogen recognition pathways and indicates a mechanistic explanation for the contrasting epidemiologic associations reported for infection exposure and B-ALL.
MCCC2 is a novel mediator between mitochondria and telomere and functions as an oncogene in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Wanjun , Chen Si , Xie Wenqing , Wang Qian , Luo Qianxin , Huang Minghan , Gu Minyi , Lan Ping , Chen Daici 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The mitochondrial gene MCCC2, a subunit of the heterodimer of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, plays a pivotal role in catabolism of leucine and isovaleric acid. The molecular mechanisms and prognostic value still need to be explored in the context of specific cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
In vitro and in vivo cell-based assays were performed to explore the role of MCCC2 in CRC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Mitochondrial morphology, membrane potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), telomerase activity, and telomere length were examined and analyzed accordingly. Protein complex formation was detected by co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP). Mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) CRC cohort analysis, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to examine the MCCC2 expression level. The association between MCCC2 expression and various clinical characteristics was analyzed by chi-square tests. CRC patients’ overall survival (OS) was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Results
Ectopic overexpression of MCCC2 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, while MCCC2 knockdown (KD) or knockout (KO) inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. MCCC2 KD or KO resulted in reduced mitochondria numbers, but did not affect the gross ATP production in the cells. Mitochondrial fusion markers MFN1, MFN2, and OPA1 were all upregulated in MCCC2 KD or KO cells, which is in line with a phenomenon of more prominent mitochondrial fusion. Interestingly, telomere lengths of MCCC2 KD or KO cells were reduced more than control cells. Furthermore, we found that MCCC2 could specifically form a complex with telomere binding protein TRF2, and MCCC2 KD or KO did not affect the expression or activity of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). Finally, MCCC2 expression was heightened in CRC, and patients with higher MCCC2 expression had favorable prognosis.

Conclusions
Together, we identified MCCC2 as a novel mediator between mitochondria and telomeres, and provided an additional biomarker for CRC stratification.