bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Scale Modeling of a 3D Soft Magnetoelectric Patch for Wireless Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Suarato Giulia , Marrella Alessandra , Tommasini Anna , Fiocchi Serena , Chiaramello Emma , Parazzini Marta , Ravazzani Paolo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMagnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) are able to locally generate high electric fields when activated with human‐safe, low‐intensity magnetic fields. However, when implanted as individual or randomly positioned small clusters, the induced electric fields decay very quickly with the distance, hampering effective tissue stimulation. Herein, a novel nano‐structured polymeric‐based MENPs‐loaded 3D system (ME‐Patch) is designed and optimized in terms of its electrical performances through a holistic and multi‐scale in silico framework, which spans from the multi‐physics modeling of the magnetoelectric phenomenon at the nanoscale to a functional assessment of the micrometric ME‐Patch stimulation ability in a realistic model of a human peripheral nerve. This study presents the theoretical applicability of a material‐based recipe for the fabrication of effective soft and biocompatible magnetoelectric devices, able to store and transfer the extremely localized effect of individual MENPs on tissue areas and trigger neuron action potential activation.
Room Temperature Dy Spin‐Flop Switching in Strained DyFeO3 Thin Films
Authors: Biswas Banani , Stramaglia Federico , Pomjakushina Ekatarina V. , Lippert Thomas , Vaz Carlos A. F. , Schneider Christof W. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEpitaxial strain in thin films can yield surprising magnetic and electronic properties not accessible in bulk. One materials system destined to be explored in this direction are orthoferrites with two intertwined spin systems where strain is predicted to have a significant impact on magnetic and polar properties by modifying the strength of the rare earth (R)‐Fe interaction. Here the impact of epitaxial strain is reported on the linear magneto‐electric DyFeO3, a canted bulk antiferromagnet with a high Néel temperature (645 K) exhibiting a Dy‐induced spin reorientation (SR) transition at ≈50 K and antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of the Dy spins at 4 K. An increase in the spin transition of >20 K is found and a strictly linear, abnormal temperature magnetic response under an applied magnetic field between 100 and 400 K for [010]‐oriented DyFeO3 thin films with an in‐plane compressive strain between 2% and 3.5%. At room temperature and above, it is found that application of ≈0.06 T causes a spin‐flop of the Dy spins coupled to the AFM Fe spin lattice, whereby the Dy spins change from an AFM alignment to ferromagnetic (FM). The spin‐flop field gives a lower energy bound on the Dy‐Fe exchange interaction of ≈15 µeV.
Roll‐to‐Roll (R2R) Processing of Large‐Area Flexible Piezoresistive Films with Magnetically Z‐Aligned Nickel Microcolumnar Morphology
Authors: Moka Vidyanag Nagarpita , Dahl Jeffery , Yoon Jaewon , Cakmak Mukerrem 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors are highly sought after for applications like rehabilitation healthcare, advanced wearable electronics, automotive safety, etc. This work demonstrates a scalable method for fabricating functional piezoresistive films using external magnetic fields to engineer the columnar microstructures. The continuous roll‐to‐roll processing involves directed self‐assembly of ferromagnetic Nickel particles within a flexible elastomer to achieve quasi 1–3 composites with low particle concentrations. In this process, polymer precursor‐microparticle system is subjected to a spatiotemporal evolution of temperature and magnetic fields simultaneously. Offline techniques like in‐plane alignment, through‐thickness light transmission, and viscosity evolution determine the influence of transient process conditions on final column morphology. Real‐time visualization in the X‐Y plane quantified by image analysis allowed tracking of morphological evolution where columns are formed separated by particle depletion zones leading to optical transparency. This characteristic is used to determine the kinetics of column formation via out‐of‐plane light transmission during Z‐alignment. Isothermal and non‐isothermal rheokinetics identified the gel point required to “freeze” the column structures. The scalability of the process is demonstrated by producing a 5.18 m long and 15.24 cm wide piezoresistive film with columns in thickness direction. The piezoresistive performance of produced anisotropic films is demonstrated under continuous uniaxial loading‐unloading cycles.
Interlayer Transition Induced Infrared Response in WSe2/WS2 Van Der Waals Heterostructure Photodetectors with Polarization and Self‐Powered Effects
Authors: Zhou Jinggang , Chen Weiqiang , Lu Lidan , Zhu Bofei , Ren Guanghui , Pan Yuting , Ou Jianzhen , Zhu Lianqing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVan der Waals (vdWs) heterojunction photodetectors based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are widely utilized in optoelectronic detection, where the band structure of the heterojunction plays a crucial role in determining the performance of the photodetector. In this study, a WSe2/WS2 vdWs heterostructure photodetector with a type‐II band alignment is fabricated. Benefiting from the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers under the type‐II band alignment, the device exhibits remarkable self‐powered characteristics, achieving a responsivity of 0.32 A/W and a quantum efficiency of 76% at zero bias under 532 nm laser illumination, with a specific detectivity of 6.15 × 1013 Jones. Notably, due to the interlayer transitions of photogenerated carriers, the operating wavelength range of the detector is extended to the telecommunication band (i.e., 1550 nm). Furthermore, the device exhibits a significant ability to detect polarized light, achieving a photocurrent anisotropy ratio of 16 under a 532 nm laser line. This work provides a straightforward approach to realizing a photodetector that integrates self‐powered, broadband, and polarization‐sensitive detection functionalities.
High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Utilizing Multiple‐Resonance Emitters Incorporating Thiocarbazole Unit
Authors: Li Shihua , Li Maoqiu , Li Yanru , Chu Shaowen , Gao Yixuan , Yao Xiang , Ji Wen , Li Guangwu , Ren Zhongjie , Fei Zhuping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroducing heavy atoms to enhance spin‐orbit coupling represents an effective strategy for boosting the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) rate constants of Multi‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters. Nevertheless, the restricted diversity of molecular structures obstructs a thorough investigation of structure‐property relationships, thereby limiting the improvement of device performance, especially in the case of solution‐processed devices. Herein, an alkylthio‐substituted carbazole building block is designed and developed two new MR‐TADF emitters, namely BNCz‐2S and BNCz‐4S. Quantum simulations and photophysical studies have revealed that as the number of sulfur atoms increases, BNCz‐4S exhibits a higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), a smaller singlet‐triplet energy gap (ΔEST) and reorganization energy, along with a larger spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) constant and a higher reverse intersystem crossing rate (kRISC) constants compared to BNCz‐2S. Consequently, solution‐processing devices based on BNCz‐4S exhibit a higher external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.06%, which is in the first tier of reported solution‐processed MR‐TADF organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED) to date.
Theoretical Revelation of Cu3BiS3‐Based Thin Film PV Cell Exerting Various Carrier Transport Layers
Authors: Basu Sangita Rani , Ebon Md. Islahur Rahman , Mondal Bipanko Kumar , Hossain Jaker 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecently, Cu3BiS3 compound has exhibited great potential as a material for the absorber layer in solar cell applications owing to its favorable bandgap of 1.24 eV, abundance, high absorption coefficient, and capacity for cost‐effective production. This study demonstrates the detailed simulation of various kinds of Cu3BiS3 heterostructured solar devices using SCAPS 1D software. The CdS, In2S3, Zn(O,S), and ZnSe compounds are employed as electron transport layers (ETLs) in conjunction with Cu3BiS3 to determine the optimal condition. The n‐ZnSe/p‐Cu3BiS3 structure outperforms CdS, In2S3, and Zn(O,S) ETLs by providing a short circuit current (JSC) of 31.38 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.80 V, an 81.49% fill factor (FF), and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.45%. Adding different back surface field (BSF) layers, such as AlSb, BaSi2, CGS, and PEDOT:PSS, on the other hand, makes JSC, VOC, and FF much higher, which eventually improves PCE. Use of AlSb, CGS, BaSi2, and PEDOT:PSS as BSF layers raises the VOC in the range of 0.92 to 0.96 V. The presence of each BSF layer boosts the current by ≈5 mA cm−2. Finally, the PCE of Cu3BiS3 devices rise to ≈29.25% for AlSb, CGS, and PEDOT:PSS BSFs, and 28.69% for BaSi2 BSF.
A Coordination Polymer Gel as Dual Electrode Material: Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Coupled Dark CO2 Reduction to Ethanol
Authors: Maity Dipanjan , Barman Soumitra , Rahimi Faruk Ahamed , Jena Rohan , Das Tarak Nath , Verma Parul , Biswas Sandip , Dey Anupam , Ghosh Adrija , Maji Tapas Kumar 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDeveloping photoelectrochemical catalysts to convert CO2 into chemical feedstocks presents a promising approach for clean energy storage by harnessing solar energy. This study examines the potential of a Zn‐based coordination polymer gel (CPG), incorporating terpyridine (TPY) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moieties (Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG), for artificial photosynthesis. In this novel approach, Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG serves as both photoanode and dark cathode material in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell. When combined with BiVO₄ (BVO) nanostructures to fabricate a heterojunction photoanode, Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG significantly enhances PEC water‐oxidation, delivering a fourfold increase in photocurrent density at 0.6 V versus Ag/AgCl compared to pristine BVO. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) confirms improved carrier separation and transport due to favorable band alignment between BVO and Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG. PEC CO₂ reduction experiments in an H‐cell demonstrate a remarkable 43% Faradaic efficiency for ethanol production at 1.4 V versus Ag/AgCl. The simultaneous water‐oxidation and CO₂ reduction capabilities of Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG position it as a highly promising candidate for solar energy conversion. Operando FTIR and Raman spectroscopy reveal crucial reaction intermediates, while Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations provide deeper insights into ethanol formation. This study highlights the potential of Zn‐TPY‐TTF CPG‐based PEC cells to mimic natural photosynthesis and produce valuable chemical products.
Differential Clinical and Immunological Impacts of Anti–T‐Lymphocyte Globulin (ATLG) vs. Anti‐Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) in Preventing Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease Post‐Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Notarantonio Anne Beatrice , Morisset Stéphane , Piucco Romain , Pérès Michaël , Boulangé Laura , Alitcher Alizée , Brouard Jordan , Monchablon Lucile , Campidelli Arnaud , El Ouahabi Siham , Guisnel Charles , Moulin Charline , Kicki Céline , Roth‐Guepin Gabrielle , Feugier Pierre , Bittencourt Marcelo De Carvalho , Aarnink Alice , D'Aveni‐Piney Maud , Hergalant Sébastien , Pagliuca Simona , Rubio Marie Thérèse 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBoth anti‐T‐lymphocyte globulin (ATLG‐Grafalon) and anti‐thymocyte globulin (ATG‐Thymoglobulin) prevent acute and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). Despite distinct manufacturing and biological characteristics, the two brands of rabbit anti‐lymphocyte globulins have never been compared in a prospective way. In this monocentric study, 114 adult patients transplanted with a matched related or unrelated donor after receiving either ATG (n = 50) or ATLG (n = 64) were included to compare their clinical outcomes and broad immune reconstitution parameters. The use of ATLG, compared with ATG, was associated with a 2‐fold reduction in Grade II–IV acute GvHD incidence (Cox HR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.14–0.62, p = 0.006), similar relapse incidence, and improved severe GvHD and relapse‐free survival (GRFS) (Cox HR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.29–0.91, p = 0.027). Biologically, reduced IL‐15 but increased IL‐21 serum concentrations and a significant reduction of PD1+ T cells, mainly across all differentiated stages of CD8+ T cells, were observed in the ATLG group. Immunosequencing of vβ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires showed similar quantitative characteristics in terms of clonality and diversity across the two groups but different qualitative features, with reduced hyper‐expanded T cell clones and higher variability in the distribution of complementarity‐determining region 3 (CDR3) lengths in the ATLG group. Altogether, these results suggest that ATLG more effectively regulates alloreactive T cell activation, leading to better prevention of acute GvHD while preserving the graft‐versus‐leukemia response. These findings led us to initiate a multicentric Phase III randomized trial comparing the two anti‐lymphocyte globulins.Trial Registration: The biological REAL GREFFE study was registered in clinicaltrial.gov under the number: NCT03357172.
Vaccine Knowledge and Acceptance Among Hadzabe Hunter‐Gatherers in Tanzania
Authors: Shattuck Eric C. , Forman Jadyn , Shiju Shilpa , Herlosky Kristen N. , Mabulla Ibrahim A. , Crittenden Alyssa N. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesVaccines are highly successful in preventing disease, but misinformation has fueled vaccine hesitancy globally, thereby reducing immunization rates and weakening herd immunity. Vaccine knowledge and hesitancy among hunter‐gatherers is a crucial area of research and intervention, as their mobile lifestyle exacerbates other challenges, such as marginalization and medical mistrust.MethodsIn our exploratory study, we surveyed 91 Hadzabe adults across six camps (mean age = 39, 46% female) about their knowledge of vaccines and their safety and efficacy. Differences between sexes and camps were tested using Fisher's exact tests.ResultsHalf of participants reported not knowing what a vaccine is, while one‐third described vaccines as protecting health or preventing disease. About 32% were unsure about vaccine safety, while most Hadzabe adults strongly agreed vaccines are effective (65.3%). A majority (72%) agreed vaccines are important for children, yet only one‐third strongly agreed on their importance for adults. More females than males expressed uncertainty about the importance of adult vaccines (p = 0.03). Participants in our sample perceived vaccines as less effective and more safe than the general Tanzanian population, based on 2018 Wellcome data.DiscussionIn our sample, results indicate that while Hadzabe participants generally agree that vaccines are important, particularly for children, important gaps in vaccine knowledge remain. There is a clear need to communicate vaccine information to the Hadzabe community in a culturally appropriate manner. Such efforts are critical in safeguarding the health of Indigenous populations experiencing greater market integration, thereby supporting access to vaccines against diseases.
Bienotheroides wucaiensis sp. nov., a new tritylodontid (Cynodontia, Mammaliamorpha) from the Late Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Liu Jiawen , Xu Xing , Clark James M. , Bi Shundong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Shishugou Formation of the Middle to Late Jurassic in Xinjiang, China, has produced abundant tetrapod fossils including dinosaurs and tritylodontids. Bienotheroides is a genus of highly specialized tritylodontids, characterized by a short and wide snout, ventrally expanded zygomatic process, strongly reduced maxilla, short and flat basisphenoid, and maxillary teeth cusp formula 2‐3‐3. Here, we report a new tritylodontid, Bienotheroides wucaiensis sp. nov. from the lower Upper Jurassic level of the formation at Wucaiwan, Xinjiang, Northwest China, represented by a well‐preserved cranium and associated postcranial skeleton. Micro‐computed tomography and 3D reconstruction reveal the medial view of the cranial structure and the replacement upper incisors, providing new anatomical information of Bienotheroides. The absence of a septomaxilla in B. wucaiensis reveals the homoplastic evolution of this feature within tritylodontids, as it remains in basal mammaliaforms but is lost in later descendants.
Retzius‐sparing radical prosatectomy: First 200 Australian cases
Authors: Gianduzzo Troy Richard John , Dundee Philip Ellard 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to report the first multi‐centred Australian series of 200 cases of Retzius‐sparing radical prostatectomy (RSRP).Patients and methodsBetween April 2017 and June 2024, 200 RSRP procedures (197 robotic, three laparoscopic) were performed separately by the authors in five centres across two Australian cities (Melbourne, Victoria and Brisbane, Queensland). Data were collected prospectively with ethics committee approval (UCH‐HREC 2019.01.279) at weeks 1, 4–6, and three‐monthly. Exclusion criteria included prostate size >80 cc, significant middle lobe, large anterior tumour, previous TURP or any clinical factor deemed to make RSRP unsuitable. These criteria were relaxed as experience was gained.ResultsMedian (interquartile range) age, body mass index and PSA were 65 (60–70) years, 26 (25–29) kg/m2 and 5.2 (4.0–7.0) ng/mL. Low, intermediate and high D'Amico risk groups were 3.5%, 75.0% and 21.5%, respectively. Median (interquartile range) skin‐to‐skin operative time was 163 (125–210) min and blood loss 200 (100–350) mL. There were 17 (8.5%) Clavien–Dindo grade 1–2 complications and 8 (4%) grade 3 complications. Final pT stage was 60.5% pT2 and 39.5% pT3. The overall positive surgical margins (PSM) rate was 14.5% including 3.3% pT2 and 29.1% pT3. At 1 week post catheter removal 53.5% were pad‐free, increasing to 58.5% and 65.0% at 4 and 6 weeks, then 79.5%, 84.6%, 88.2% and 91.3% at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. When a security pad is included, 71.5% and 85.5% of men were continent at 4 and 6 weeks, then 94%, 96%, 96% and 97% at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Three men required a suburethral sling and one an artificial urinary sphincter. Ninety of 140 (60.4%) preoperatively potent men were potent at 12 months with or without phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors.ConclusionRSRP provides excellent early continence and can be introduced safely with good oncological results by experienced minimally‐ invasive surgeons.
Impact of pre‐stenting and bladder dranaige on intrapelvic pressure during retrograde intrarenal surgery
Authors: Yeni Sezgin , Kilicarslan Hakan , Ocakoglu Gokhan , Coskun Burhan , Cicek Mehmet Cagatay , Gunseren Kadir Omur , Yavascaoglu Ismet , Kaygisiz Onur 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to assess the effect of pre‐stenting and bladder drainage on intrapelvic pressure (IP) during Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS).MethodsEighty‐five consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled and meticulously recorded in a data form. Forty‐two patients meeting the inclusion criteria after applying exclusion factors. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (21 patients with preoperative JJ stents) and Group 2 (21 patients without preoperative JJ stents). IP was measured during RIRS, and the impact of various factors, including pre‐stenting, bladder drainage and hydronephrosis (HN) grade, on IP was analysed through univariate and multiple linear regression.ResultsThe perioperative mean highest IP (78 ± 18.2 mmHg vs. 110 ± 23.9 mmHg), median lowest IP (29 mmHg vs. 42 mmHg) and median overall IP (41 mmHg vs. 69 mmHg) were significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (all p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that pre‐stenting and mild HN (Grade 0–1) were independent predictors of reduced IP.ConclusionPre‐stenting led to a significant reduction in IP during RIRS, likely due to passive ureteral dilation. Additionally, bladder drainage with urethral catheter further decreased IP. These findings suggest that pre‐stenting and bladder drainage should be considered as strategies to reduce IP during RIRS, potentially improving surgical outcomes.
Variants in Chromatin Remodeling Genes Are Involved in Patients With Chiari Malformation Type 1
Authors: Romano Ferruccio , Cerminara Maria , De Marco Patrizia , Iacomino Michele , Di Duca Marco , Tortora Domenico , Pavanello Marco , Piatelli Gianluca , Scala Marcello , Zara Federico , Puliti Aldamaria , Capra Valeria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesChiari malformation type 1 (CMI) is defined by the herniation of cerebellar tonsils of 5 mm or more, with possible neurological consequences, including compression of the neural tissue and/or anomalies in cerebral spinal fluid circulation. The etiology of CMI is not fully elucidated, with both genetic and environmental factors being involved. Several genes and pathways involved in bone development are pointed out like genes of the WNT, FGF, and BMP signaling pathways. More recently, the crucial role played by chromatin remodeling genes in the pathogenesis of CMI has increasingly emerged.MethodsIn this paper, we discuss a familial case of CMI and a single patient, harboring variants in chromatin remodeling genes, identified by whole exome sequencing.ResultsThe first is a family with three affected members and one sibling with a cerebellar tonsil herniation of < 5 mm. The three CMI patients harbor a heterozygous missense variant in the SETD2 gene, whose truncating variants are responsible for Luscan–Lumish syndrome. A second variant in HP1BP3, a gene not previously associated with human pathology, with evidence of skeletal anomalies in mice models, was found in the three patients and also in the girl with a herniation of < 5 mm. The second case is a proband with a de novo variant in KMT2A, associated with Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome, in which anomalies of the craniocervical junction are described.DiscussionWe highlight the importance of chromatin remodeling genes in both isolated and syndromic CMI and suggest the potential role of HP1BP3 as a possible modifier gene in CMI pathogenesis, even if this association needs to be further clarified.
Chromatography in Downstream Processing of Recombinant Adeno‐Associated Viruses: A Review of Current and Future Practises
Authors: Lorek Julius Klemens , Isaksson Madelène , Nilsson Bernt 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) has emerged as an attractive gene delivery vector platform to treat both rare and pervasive diseases. With more and more rAAV‐based therapies entering late‐stage clinical trials and commercialization, there is an increasing pressure on the rAAV manufacturing process to accelerate drug development, account for larger trials, and commercially provide high doses. Still, many of the pre‐clinical and clinical manufacturing processes are tied to outdated technologies, which results in substantial production expenses. Those processes face challenges including low productivity and difficult scalability, which limits its ability to provide for required dosages which in turn influences the accessibility of the drug. And as upstream efforts are expected to increase productivities, the downstream part needs to adapt with more scalable and efficient technologies. In this review, both traditional and novel rAAV downstream technologies are presented and discussed. Traditional rAAV downstream processes are based on density gradient ultracentrifugation and have been shown to effectively purify rAAVs with high yields and purities. However, those processes lack scalability and efficiency, which is why novel rAAV downstream processes based on column‐chromatography have emerged as an attractive alternative and show potential for integration in continuous processes, following the principle of next‐generation manufacturing.