bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dynamics of the summer-spawning population of the loliginid squid Sepioteuthis australis in Tasmania, Australia—a conveyor belt of recruits
Authors: Jackson George D , Pecl Gretta 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe population dynamics of the loliginid squid Sepioteuthis australis was examined on a fine temporal scale during a 2-month period of rising sea-surface temperatures on the summer inshore spawning grounds of Coles Bay, Tasmania, Australia. Samples were taken regularly (generally weekly) to discern any short-term population changes in age, growth or reproductive parameters. There was no change in the mean age, mantle length or weight of males or females through the study period (November and December 1996). This indicated that instead of following one or a few discrete cohorts of spawning individuals, there were continuous waves of new individuals moving onto the spawning beds, which may be best described by a conveyer belt of new recruits. There was an abrupt and significant difference in the mean oviduct egg size in females caught between November and December but the factors responsible for this remain unknown. Few squid showed evidence of recent feeding, suggesting that they move off the spawning grounds to feed.
The impacts of scallop dredging on sponge assemblages in the Gulf of Kalloni (Aegean Sea, northeastern Mediterranean)
Authors: Kefalas E , Castritsi-Catharios J , Miliou H 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Concerns have been raised on the impact of bottom-fishing activities in the shallow Gulf of Kalloni (Lesvos Island, Aegean Sea). Fishing with demersal gears was banned in 1995, but the Gulf was reopened in 1998 only for scallop dredging using the “lagamna” gear. Two series of samplings were done with this gear in 1998 and 1999 (October) before the beginning of scallop-fishing period (from November up to March), aiming to investigate possible changes in sponge assemblages. Sponges (Porifera) were the most abundant meso-megafaunal benthic organisms in the Gulf, besides scallops and other bivalves. Total abundance, number of species, species diversity, species richness and evenness of sponge assemblages reduced significantly from the year 1998 to 1999. The population of the excavating Cliona celata, the only infaunal sponge species found in the Gulf, decreased. Multivariate analysis on the abundance data of epibenthic sponge species revealed a clear separation of samples collected during the 2 years, indicating changes in the structure of sponge assemblages. The distinguishing species included a variety of growth forms: massive (Mycale massa, Suberites domuncula and Tethya citrina), lobose (Suberites massa, Tedania anhelans and Halichondria panicea), erect branching (Raspailia viminalis), encrusting (Crambe crambe) and cushion-shaped (Mycale contarenii and Chondrilla nuculla) sponges. Among these species, only S. massa increased its abundance in 1999. All others decreased. No significant loss of information occurred when multivariate analysis was applied to abundance data of genera or families. This comparative study demonstrated that the time interval between two consecutive scallop-fishing periods was insufficient for the recovery of sponge assemblages. It is concluded that scallop dredging causes long-term changes in the structure and biodiversity of sponge assemblages in the Gulf of Kalloni. An improved strategy of fishery management is required in future for the conservation of living resources in this Gulf.
Habitat value of a developing estuarine brackish marsh for fish and macrocrustaceans
Authors: Hampel H , Cattrijsse A , Vincx M 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
Marsh creation receives worldwide attention in mitigating loss of coastal wetlands and in management retreat of estuaries. In the Westerschelde, the former Selena Polder, south from the marsh of Saeftinghe, developed into the Sieperda marsh after several dyke breaches. Soon after the tides regained access to the polder, a tidal creek was formed. After 10 years, a developing marsh system was found adjacent to a mature marsh system. This situation offered the opportunity to compare the utilization by nekton species of a natural mature marsh with a recently created developing marsh under similar circumstances.
Between April and October 1999, both the mature Saeftinghe marsh and the developing Sieperda marsh were sampled every 6 weeks on 2 consecutive days. Each sampling occasion covered the whole tidal cycle. The most important environmental parameters (water height, temperature, salinity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen) were similar in both marsh creeks. A distinct difference in nekton community structure between the two marshes was observed. The total biomass and densities of nekton species were higher in Saeftinghe.
In Saeftinghe, a density peak occurred in July and was mainly due to large numbers of the mysid, Neomysis integer. In Sieperda, maximum abundance of the mysid, Mesopodopsis slabberi, caused the peak density in September. This difference in species dominance was observed in all samples.
Biomass peaked in July in the mature marsh and in October in the developing marsh. Mysid shrimp (N. integer) and fish (mainly Pomatoschistus microps) were the main contributors to the biomass Saeftinghe. Herring, sprat (Clupeidae) and shore crab (Carcinus maenas) were more important in Sieperda. For P. microps, distinct differences in length–frequency distributions were noted between the marshes.
While creek morphology influences the abundance and species composition of visiting nekton, the age of a marsh and its maturity are believed to be the prime factors in determining the habitat function of creek systems of developing and mature marshes.
Biology of Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich) and fish diversity in the Ebrie Lagoon (Ivory Coast), a multipolluted environment
Authors: Guyonnet B , Aliaume C , Albaret J.-J , Casellas C , Zerbi A , Lasserre G , Do Chi T 
Published: July 2003

Abstract
The biology of the clupeid Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich) was studied as a potential bio-indicator of pollution in three bays of the Ebrie Lagoon, an inter-tropical lagoon in the Ivory Coast (western Africa). Bietri Bay was the most impacted by Abidjan's industrial and urban waste, Cocody Bay was characterized by the presence of eutrophic water, and Sud Boulay Bay, located in a rural zone, was least impacted. Sizes at first maturity (fork length) of E. fimbriata were lowest in the most polluted bay (Bietri: 80.8 and 83.5 mm for males and females, respectively), higher in the intermediately polluted bay (Cocody: 125 and 137.5 mm, respectively), and highest in the unpolluted bay (Sud Boulay: 135 and 145 mm, respectively). Owing to its hardiness, E. fimbriata is the dominant species in polluted water, constituting more than 75% of the total number of fish caught. As a consequence, fish diversity decreased and the community was less structured in the polluted environment than in the unpolluted one.
Expression of hematopoietic inhibitory factors in mouse fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells
Authors: Cheng La Mei , Yan Yan , Wang Qi Ru 
Published: July 2003

AbstractPure bone marrow fibroblasts, macrophages and endothelial cells were cultured in Iscove‐modified Dulbecco's medium. RT—PCR was used to determine the expression of inhibitory cytokine mRNAs in these cell types. Serum‐free conditioned medium was collected from each cell type and ultrafiltration was performed with a centriprep 10. The retentate contained substances whose molecular weights were >10 kD, whilst the filtrate contained substances with molecular weights <10 kD. The effect of conditioned media and their components on colony forming unit‐granulocyte‐macrophage (CFU‐GM) were investigated.The results showed: (1) six cytokines, MIP‐1α, MIP‐2, TGF‐β, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and Tβ4, inhibited the growth of CFU‐GM when murine WEHI‐3 conditioned medium was added to the culture system as a source of colony stimulation. (2) The original endothelial cell conditioned medium (E‐CM) did not affect the production of CFU‐GM, but the >10 kD component of E‐CM increased its production, and the <10 kD component decreased it. Both fibroblast conditioned medium (F‐CM) and the >10 kD component of F‐CM stimulated proliferation of CFU‐GM, but the <10 kD component suppressed it. All three components of macrophage conditioned medium (M‐CM) inhibited the growth of CFU‐GM. (3) Expression of four of the mRNAs, namely MIP‐2, TNF‐α, INF‐γ and Tβ4, was seen in all three types of stromal cells, while TGF‐β mRNA was only seen in endothelial cells and macrophages, and MIP‐1α mRNA in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. The inhibitors TGF‐β, MIP‐1α, and Tβ4have an inhibitory effect on the growth of CFU‐GM, but TNF‐α, INF‐γ and MIP‐2 do not.
Simulations of observed interannual variability of tropical cyclone formation east of Australia
Authors: Walsh Kevin J.E. , Syktus Jozef 
Published: July 2003

AbstractA modelling system comprising a regional climate model nested within a GCM is used to simulate the observed interannual variability of tropical cyclone formation off the east coast of Australia. The model's interannual variability of cyclone formation is weaker than that observed, with shortcomings in the model's simulation of vertical wind shear the likely cause. Copyright © 2003 Royal Meteorological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Lee Jae‐Lyun , Lee Je‐Hwan , Lee Jung‐Hee , Choi Seong‐Jun , Kim Shin , Seol Miee , Lee Young‐Shin , Chi Hyun‐Sook , Park Chan‐Jeoung , Kim Woo‐Kun , Lee Jung‐Shin , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung 
Published: July 2003

Abstract:Background: Although allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has a potential to cure patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), appropriate indication and conditioning regimen for HCT have not been established.Patients and Methods: Between July 1999 and December 2001, five patients with PNH underwent allogeneic HCT: three for refractory hemolysis and two for aggravating cytopenia. Four patients with hypercellular marrow received Bu‐Fludara‐ATG (busulfan 4 mg/kg/d for 2 d, fludarabine 30 mg/m2/d for 6 d, and ATG 20 mg/kg/d for 4 d) for conditioning therapy and one patient with hypocellular marrow was conditioned with Cy‐ATG (cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg/d for 4 d and ATG 30 mg/kg/d for 3 d). Three patients received stem cell graft from matched sibling donor and two patients from 1‐antigen mismatched unrelated donor.Results: One patient who was conditioned with Bu‐Fludara‐ATG failed to engraft and died at post‐transplant day 62. The other four patients showed three lineage engraftment and normal expression of CD55 and CD59 antigens by flow cytometric analysis. They are alive with stable engraftment and full donor chimerism between post‐transplant day 510 and 1116. Acute graft vs. host disease (GVHD) of grade II or more occurred in two patients and extensive chronic GVHD in four.Conclusion: HCT using related or unrelated donor could eradicate PNH clones and may cure patients with the disease. Further studies are needed to establish the role of allogeneic HCT, especially with reduced intensity conditioning therapy, in the treatment of PNH.
Expression levels of hsc70 and hsp60 are developmentally regulated during B‐cell maturation and not associated to childhood c‐ALL at presentation or relapse
Authors: Wehner Peder Skov , Nielsen Bendt , Hokland Marianne 
Published: July 2003

Abstract: Heat shock proteins are potent regulators of apoptosis, and so they may also be involved in normal cellular differentiation and cancerogenesis. We used quantitative two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis for determining whether either the constitutive chaperonic heat shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70) or heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) contribute to B‐cell differentiation and leukemogenesis. We compared the expression of these hsps in normal peripheral blood (PB) CD19+ B‐cells, in pediatric bone marrow (BM) CD19+ CD10+ B‐cell precursors (BCPs) from normal donors, and in BCPs from common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c‐ALL) patients at diagnosis and at relapse.We found that the mean levels of hsc70 in c‐ALL BCPs at initial presentation and at relapse failed to differ significantly. Likewise, they failed to differ significantly from the level in high‐expressing normal BM BCPs or from that in low‐expressing PB B‐cells. Mean levels of hsp60 expression in c‐ALL BCPs at initial presentation and at relapse were similar and not distinguishable from that in normal BM BCPs, however, elevated (by a factor of 2–3) compared with that in PB B‐cells. Hsc70 and Hsp60 expressions were increased (by a factor of 2 of mean levels) in populations of normal BM BCPs as compared with populations of PB B‐cells.Thus, no abnormal levels of hsc70 and hsp60 were detectable in populations of pediatric c‐ALL BCPs neither at diagnosis nor at relapse. In contrast, our data were in support of developmentally regulated levels of hsc70 and hsp60 expression during B‐cell ontogenesis.
Melanocortin 1‐receptor (MC1R) mutations are associated with plumage colour in chicken
Authors: Kerje S. , Lind J. , Schütz K. , Jensen P. , Andersson L. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryThe co‐segregation of plumage colour and sequence polymorphism in the melanocortin 1‐receptor gene (MC1R) was investigated using an intercross between the red junglefowl and White Leghorn chickens. The results provided compelling evidence that the Extended black (E) locus controlling plumage colour is equivalent to MC1R. E/MC1R was assigned to chromosome 11 with overwhelming statistical support. Sequence analysis indicated that the E92K substitution, causing a constitutively active receptor in the sombre mouse, is the most likely causative mutation for the Extended black allele carried by the White Leghorn founders in this intercross. The MC1R sequence associated with the recessive buttercup (ebc) allele indicated that this allele evolved from a dominant Extended black allele as it shared the E92K and M71T substitutions with some E alleles. It also carried a third missense mutation H215P which thus may interfere with the constitutive activation of the receptor caused by E92K (and possibly M71T).
Characterization and mapping of bovine dopamine receptors 1 and 5
Authors: Haegeman A. , Williams J. L. , Law A. , Van Zeveren A. , Peelman L. J. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryA cDNA encoding the bovine dopamine receptor 1 (DRD1) was isolated from a bovine cDNA library, cloned and completely sequenced. The coding region showed 93 and 91% sequence identity on DNA level and 96 and 94% on protein level with its respective porcine and human orthologs. The bovine DRD1 and dopamine receptor 5 (DRD5) were mapped, respectively, to BTA10 and 6 by radiation hybrid mapping. One SNP was found in DRD1 and four in DRD5. Using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism, 11 different European cattle breeds were screened for the presence of the DRD1 and DRD5 substitutions. Allele frequencies for DRD1 and DRD5 alleles were very similar across all the breeds examined. Allele frequency discrepancies were found between Belgian Blue beef breed and the other breeds.
The twofold difference in adult size between the red junglefowl and White Leghorn chickens is largely explained by a limited number of QTLs
Authors: Kerje S. , Carlborg Ö. , Jacobsson L. , Schütz K. , Hartmann C. , Jensen P. , Andersson L. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryA large intercross between the domestic White Leghorn chicken and the wild ancestor, the red junglefowl, has been used in a Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) study of growth and egg production. The linkage map based on 105 marker loci was in good agreement with the chicken consensus map. The growth of the 851 F2 individuals was lower than both parental lines prior to 46 days of age and intermediate to the two parental lines thereafter. The QTL analysis of growth traits revealed 13 loci that showed genome‐wide significance. The four major growth QTLs explained 50 and 80% of the difference in adult body weight between the founder populations for females and males, respectively. A major QTL for growth, located on chromosome 1 appears to have pleiotropic effects on feed consumption, egg production and behaviour. There was a strong positive correlation between adult body weight and average egg weight. However, three QTLs affecting average egg weight but not body weight were identified. An interesting observation was that the estimated effects for the four major growth QTLs all indicated a codominant inheritance.
A double‐screening method to identify reliable candidate non‐synonymous SNPs from chicken EST data
Authors: Kim H. , Schmidt C. J. , Decker K. S. , Emara M. G. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryDiscovery of non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNP), which cause amino acid substitutions, is important because they are more likely to alter protein function than synonymous SNPs (sSNP) or those SNPs that do not result in amino acid changes. By changing the coding sequences, nsSNP may play a role in heritable differences between individual organisms. In the chicken and many other vertebrates, the main obstacle for identifying nsSNP is that there is insufficient protein and mRNA sequence information for self‐species referencing and thus, determination of the correct reading frame for expressed sequence tags (ESTs) is difficult. Therefore, in order to estimate the correct reading frame at nsSNP in chicken ESTs, a double‐screening approach was designed using self‐ or cross‐species protein referencing, in addition to the ESTScan coding region estimation programme. Starting with 23 427 chicken ESTs, 1210 potential SNPs were discovered using a phred/phrap/polyphred/consed pipeline process and among these, 108 candidate nsSNP were identified with the double screening method. A searchable SNP database (chicksnps) for the candidate chicken SNPs, including both nsSNPs and sSNPs is available at http://chicksnps.afs.udel.edu. The chicken SNP data described in this paper have been submitted to the data base SNP under National Center for Biotechnology Information assay ID ss4387050‐ss4388259.
Individual assignment using microsatellite DNA reveals unambiguous breed identification in the domestic dog
Authors: Koskinen M. T. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryModern individual clustering methods utilising hypervariable nuclear microsatellite DNA polymorphisms are being increasingly applied in the field of population genetics. This study explores the efficiency of the clustering methods in identifying the breeds of origin of 250 domestic dog (Canis familiaris) individuals based on 10 microsatellite loci. An allele sharing distance (DAS) matrix and the corresponding neighbour‐joining tree of individuals revealed monophyletic assemblages that corresponded perfectly with the breeds of origin of the dogs. Individual assignment tests using a Bayesian statistical approach, an allele frequency based method, and a DCE genetic distance based method were all extremely powerful. Most strikingly, the Bayesian method provided 100% assignment success of individuals into their correct breeds of origin and 100% exclusion success of individuals from all alternate reference populations with a high level of statistical confidence (P < 0.0001). A Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo clustering approach revealed clear distinction of individuals into groups according to their breeds of origin, with a near‐zero level of ‘genetic admixture’ among breeds. The results demonstrate that an FST of 0.18, mean expected gene diversity of 0.6 across 10 loci, and approximately 50 individuals per reference population suffice to provide maximum individual assignment success in C. familiaris. This refutes the traditional view that DNA based dog breed identification is not feasible at the individual level of resolution.
Analysis of polymorphic microsatellites within the bovine and ovine prion protein (PRNP) genes
Authors: Geldermann H. , Preuss S. , Eckert J. , Han Y. , Ollesch K. 
Published: July 2003

SummaryTwenty‐four microsatellite sites with at least three repeats were found in the bovine prion protein gene (PRNP) and 23 in the ovine PRNP gene. Eight microsatellite sites were polymorphic in cattle and six in sheep with up to 10 alleles per site. In many cases allelic DNA fragments had variants in microsatellite sites and in flanking regions. Distances between microsatellite sites in eight genes from cattle and sheep occurred on average every 0.9 kb. The numerous polymorphic microsatellite sites will improve analysis of phylogenetic origin of different PRNP alleles and trait association studies for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie.
Current admission policies of long‐term care facilities in Japan
Authors: Hirakawa Yoshihisa , Masuda Yuichiro , Uemura Kazumasa , Onishi Joji , Hattori Ayako , Kuzuya Masafumi , Iguchi Akihisa 
Published: July 2003

Background:  The rapidly aging society in Japan is putting demands on long‐term care facilities for the elderly who require care. In Europe and the USA, there is ongoing reform of elderly care services, but the establishment of system based on social insurance is still being explored in Japan.Methods:  Two studies were conducted, the first in 2000 and the second in 2001, involving 91 long‐term care facilities located in or around the city of Nagoya. Questionnaires were sent to facility directors, chief administrators or head nurses to inquire about their admission policies for six major patient categories. Two educational lectures on methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and urinary incontinence were given between the distribution of the questionnaires.Results:  For all six categories featured on the questionnaire, the acceptance rate in both studies was the highest in geriatric hospitals, and an improvement in acceptance rates was seen in the second study in all three types of care facilities. When the effect the lectures had on changes in admission policies at these facilities was examined, no correlation was found.Conclusions:  Lectures should be given to facility management and personnel to raise their awareness of key issues and improve their efficiency.