bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METODE MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI MAN 1 SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Larassati Minten Ayu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract : This study aims to reduce learning barriers so that efforts are obtained to improve children's learning achievement. which is a case study research, data collection is carried out by interview and document methods.Data analysis techniques were performed with miles and huberman models. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that the obstacles in learning Arabic at MAN 1 West Sumbawa are;(1) students have not mastered the basic language of Arabic (2)Low mastery of Arabic vocabulary. (3) low student interest in learning (4)Students are strongly influenced by the environment outside the school, so students do not focus on learning and are affected by activities that are not needed in order to achieve learning goals. Solutions in improving student learning achievement, namely (1) students who have not mastered the basic knowledge of Arabic, namely with the teacher providing very basic learning materials and providing additional tasks to practice basic Arabic language skills (2) the teacher uses the method of mastering Arabic vocabulary starting from easy to difficult (3) using the memorization method (4) To increase students' low interest in learning teachers approach students emotionally by giving advice and motivation. It can be concluded that students' Arabic learning outcomes can be improved by the use of appropriate and good learning methods by teachers in the learning process at school. Key Words: Methods, Learning Achievements, Language Arabic.
Inter-geosphere interaction in the infrasonic range
Authors: Dolgikh Grigory , Budrin Sergey , Dolgikh Stanislav , Chupin Vladimir , Shvets Vyacheslav 
Published: October 2023

On the basis of experimental data from laser strainmeters, a laser nanobarograph, and a laser meter of hydrosphere pressure variations, we studied inter-geosphere interaction in microseismic range (2–20 s) and in minute range (4–17 min). We established general patterns of transformation of the Earth’s crust upper layer oscillations into atmospheric oscillations, and atmospheric oscillations—into oscillations of the Earth’s crust upper layer in the specified ranges. Besides, we show that transformation coefficient has seasonal dependence, associated with different elastic characteristics of the Earth’s crust upper layer in winter and summer due to negative winter temperatures and high positive summer temperatures, and also different moisture saturation of the soils.
Ascent and decompressional boiling of geothermal liquids tracked by solute mass balances: a key to understand the hydrothermal explosions of Milos (Greece)
Authors: Chiodini G. , Bini G. , Massaro S. , Caliro S. , Kanellopoulos C. , Tassi F. , Vaselli O. , Vougioukalakis G. , Bachmann O. 
Published: October 2023

Hydrothermal explosions occur through the sudden expansion of fluids at or near boiling condition with little or no precursors, making any kind of forecast difficult. Here, we investigate the processes occurring within hydrothermal systems in a potential critical state for explosions through a new methodology based on mass balances of thermal water solutes. The usage of this method reveals that the pore water samples of the Paleochori Bay (Milos, Greece; &lt;20 m depth below sea level), chosen as a case study, are binary mixtures of a geothermal component and seawater, from which steam is either added through condensation of underlying, ascending vapors or separates through boiling. This new method enables us to quantify and map both the fraction of the original geothermal liquid in each pore water sample and that of the vapor supplied or separated from the solutions. Furthermore, the method allows us to compute the composition of the geothermal endmember. The map of the fraction of supplied vapor shows that decompressional boiling of ascending liquids predominantly focuses in the central part of the Paleochori Bay. Both the estimated composition and temperature (324°C) of the geothermal liquid endmember overlap those measured in geothermal well fluids at or near-boiling condition, except SO4 and SiO2. The lower SiO2 and higher SO4 content in the pore waters may be ascribed to the current production of an impermeable cap, which enables underlying fluids to accumulate and pressure to buildup. The evidence of liquid at or near boiling conditions and self-sealing processes in the Paleochori Bay suggests that decompressional boiling during abrupt pressure drawdowns might have caused hydrothermal explosions at Milos in historical times, whose occurrence is testified by several hydrothermal craters. Finally, our work shows that similar conditions favoring explosions still affect the hydrothermal system of Milos. The new methodology described in this work can find useful applications in the study of submerged hydrothermal systems and in understanding the physicochemical conditions that favor hydrothermal explosions.
Confucian or confusion? Analyses of international students’ self-rated intercultural sensitivity and its sociocultural predictors at Canadian universities
Authors: Yuan Xuechen 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIn mainstream psychological research, Confucian heritage culture is often the scapegoat for subjecting Confucian heritage culture students to cultural archetypes of reticence, obedience, and unassailability, leading to the stigmatization of international students. This study examines differences in international students’ self-rated intercultural sensitivity and the potential discrepancy that exists between large-scale differences in sociocultural dimensions and student perceptions of these dimensions.MethodsA total of 120 international students enrolled at Canadian universities completed an online questionnaire which combines existing validated surveys on intercultural sensitivity and perceptions of sociocultural dimensions. Students were divided into two groups: Confucian and non-Confucian groups. The data analysis techniques include AN(C)OVAs, hierarchical linear regression, and Spearman’s rho correlation.ResultsThe quantitative analyses lead to the main findings as follows: 1) Confucian heritage culture has little predictive value to intercultural sensitivity; 2) Confucian student group does not uniquely identify with Confucian values; 3) Second language apprehension, as the sole predictor, accounts for more variation in intercultural sensitivity than most sociocultural predictors combined.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that deterministic views of heritage culture may not accurately reflect international students’ personal identification with their heritage culture. Therefore, further research is needed to illuminate the role of studying abroad in deconstructing general culture and contextualizing students’ assumed fixed identities.
Association of triglyceride-glucose index levels with gestational diabetes mellitus in the US pregnant women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Yan , Yin Li , Yin Xiaoping , Zhao Danqing 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis investigation aimed to assess the correlation between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women in the United States.MethodsWe calculated the TyG index utilizing data from pregnant women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) through 1999 to March 2020, and then employed multivariate logistic regression, smoothed curve fitting, and subgroup analysis to investigate the association between the TyG index and gestational diabetes during pregnancy.ResultsLogistic regression models revealed a positive association between the TyG index and GDM, remaining significant even after adjusting for all confounding variables (OR=3.43, 95% CI: 1.20-9.85, P = 0.0216). Subgroup analysis demonstrated consistent correlations and showed that there is no difference in the TyG index among first trimester subgroup. The TyG index had limited diagnostic efficacy for GDM (AUC=0.57, 95% CI: 0.50-0.63).ConclusionThe TyG index correlates positively with the GDM, however its diagnostic efficacy is limited. Further research on the TyG index as an early predictor of GDM is required.
Morphological changes in hooded crows (Corvus cornix) related to urbanization
Authors: Benmazouz Isma , Jokimäki Jukka , Juhász Lajos , Kaisanlahti-Jokimäki Marja-Liisa , Paládi Petra , Kardos Gábor , Lengyel Szabolcs , Kövér László 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionUrbanization has led to a recent surge of interest in urban biodiversity, and wildlife responses to urban environments have become a hot topic in environmental sciences and biodiversity conservation. However, adaptations to urbanization and the factors driving them are less understood.MethodologyWe studied possible morphological adaptations to urban environments by comparing body size and condition of adult and post-fledging juvenile Hooded Crows (Corvus cornix), a bird species that has recently colonised cities in eastern Europe, between two urban and two rural populations, between two different-sized cities and between locations within one city in Hungary.ResultsAdult crows from the rural cropland-woodland area were lighter and in poorer condition than crows from the rural grassland area or those from the medium-sized city. There were no differences in morphological traits of adults or juveniles between the large and the medium-sized cities. The comparison of multiple trapping locations within the city of Debrecen showed that juveniles in the Zoo area were larger, heavier, and in better condition than individuals in the other locations and that adults in the Zoo had longer wings and tarsi than adults in other locations. Our results indicated that urbanized Hooded Crows showed some morphological changes to live in urban environments, but we did not find large-scale, consistent differences between urban and rural areas. However, we found significant variation within one city.DiscussionOur results suggest that urban-rural environmental differences may be mediated by local factors, of which the year-round availability of anthropogenic food is fundamental. Such food is widely available in cities, although its quality may be suboptimal for bird development. Our study suggests that the variation in body size variables is probably more site-dependent than gradient-dependent and shows that documenting wildlife adaptations to urban environments requires multiple spatial scales ranging from regional to local (within-city) scales.
Male and female are not the same: a multicenter study of static and dynamic functional connectivity in relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis in China
Authors: Wang Yao , Duan Yunyun , Wu Yuling , Zhuo Zhizheng , Zhang Ningnannan , Han Xuemei , Zeng Chun , Chen Xiaoya , Huang Muhua , Zhu Yanyan , Li Haiqing , Cao Guanmei , Sun Jie , Li Yongmei , Zhou Fuqing , Li Yuxin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundSex-related effects have been observed in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but their impact on functional networks remains unclear. ObjectiveTo investigate the sex-related differences in connectivity strength and time variability within large-scale networks in RRMS.MethodsThis is a multi-center retrospective study. A total of 208 RRMS patients (135 females; 37.55 ± 11.47 years old) and 228 healthy controls (123 females; 36.94 ± 12.17 years old) were included. All participants underwent clinical and MRI assessments. Independent component analysis was used to extract resting-state networks (RSNs). We assessed the connectivity strength using spatial maps (SMs) and static functional network connectivity (sFNC), evaluated temporal properties and dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) patterns of RSNs using dFNC, and investigated their associations with structural damage or clinical variables. ResultsFor static connectivity, only male RRMS patients displayed decreased SMs in the attention network and reduced sFNC between the sensorimotor network and visual or frontoparietal networks compared with healthy controls [P&lt;0.05, false discovery rate (FDR) corrected]. For dynamic connectivity, three recurring states were identified for all participants: State 1 (sparse connected state; 42%), State 2 (middle-high connected state; 36%), and State 3 (high connected state; 16%). dFNC analyses suggested that altered temporal properties and dFNC patterns only occurred in females: female patients showed a higher fractional time (P&lt;0.001) and more dwell time in State 1 (P&lt;0.001) with higher transitions (P=0.004) compared with healthy females. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the fraction time and mean dwell time of State 1 could significantly distinguish female patients from controls (area under the curve: 0.838-0.896). In addition, female patients with RRMS also mainly showed decreased dFNC in all states, particularly within cognitive networks such as the default mode, frontoparietal, and visual networks compared with healthy females (P &lt; 0.05, FDR corrected).ConclusionOur results observed alterations in connectivity strength only in male patients and time variability in female patients, suggesting that sex-related effects may play an important role in the functional impairment and reorganization of RRMS.
Analysis of clinical features of oxcarbazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Yan Qingzi , Liu Xiang , Lei Haibo , Liu Renzhu , Hu Yixiang 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundStevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is considered a hypersensitivity syndrome affecting the skin and mucous membranes. It has been reported that an anticonvulsant drug, oxcarbazepine, may cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). However, the clinical features of oxcarbazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) remain ambiguous. This article aims to explore the clinical features of SJS/TEN.MethodsSystematic searches of several Chinese and English databases were conducted for case reports published on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, CNKI from January 1, 2007 to March 1, 2023.ResultsA total of seventeen patients (10 males and 7 females) were included in this study, including nine adult patients and eight pediatric patients. The results showed that males seem to have a higher prevalence of SJS/TEN than females, and SJS/TEN usually occurs within 2 weeks after administration of oxcarbazepine (OXC). The main clinical manifestations among the included patients were rashes or maculopapules (17 cases, 100%), fever (11 cases, 64.7%), mucosal lesions (15 cases, 88.2%), conjunctivitis with/without ocular discharge (12 cases, 70.6%), and blisters (12 cases, 70.6%). After stopping OXC or switching to other drugs that treat primary disease as well as treatment with IVIG, glucocorticoid, anti-allergy, and fluid replacement, eight of the included patients recovered completely, and another eight of the included patients reported symptomatic improvement, while the prognosis of one of the included patients was not reported.ConclusionDiverse clinical signs and symptoms of SJS/TEN might result in misinterpretation and delayed diagnosis. It should be identified and treated immediately to avoid significant consequences and potentially jeopardize patients’ lives.
Directed functional connectivity of the sensorimotor system in young and older individuals
Authors: Goelman Gadi , Dan Rotem , Bezdicek Ondrej , Jech Robert 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionStudies in the sensorimotor system of older versus young individuals have shown alterations in functional connectivity and organization. Our objective was to explore the implications of these differences in terms of local organizations, and to identify processes that correlate with neuropsychological parameters.MethodsUsing a novel multivariate analysis method on resting-state functional MRI data obtained from 50 young and 31 older healthy individuals, we identified directed 4-node functional pathways within the sensorimotor system and examined their correlations with neuropsychological assessments.ResultsIn young individuals, the functional pathways were unidirectional, flowing from the primary motor and sensory cortices to higher motor and visual regions. In older individuals, the functional pathways were more complex. They originated either from the calcarine sulcus or the insula and passed through mutually coupled high-order motor areas before reaching the primary sensory and motor cortices. Additionally, the pathways in older individuals that resembled those found in young individuals exhibited a positive correlation with years of education.DiscussionThe flow pattern of young individuals suggests efficient and fast information transfer. In contrast, the mutual coupling of high-order motor regions in older individuals suggests an inefficient and slow transfer, a less segregated and a more integrated organization. The differences in the number of sensorimotor pathways and of their directionality suggests reduced efferent degenerated pathways and increased afferent compensated pathways. Furthermore, the positive effect of years of education may be associated with the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis, implying that cognitive reserve could be maintained through specific information transfer pathways.
Enhancing the accuracy of electroencephalogram-based emotion recognition through Long Short-Term Memory recurrent deep neural networks
Authors: Yousefi Mohammad Reza , Dehghani Amin , Taghaavifar Hamid 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEmotions play a critical role in human communication, exerting a significant influence on brain function and behavior. One effective method of observing and analyzing these emotions is through electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Although numerous studies have been dedicated to emotion recognition (ER) using EEG signals, achieving improved accuracy in recognition remains a challenging task. To address this challenge, this paper presents a deep-learning approach for ER using EEG signals.BackgroundER is a dynamic field of research with diverse practical applications in healthcare, human-computer interaction, and affective computing. In ER studies, EEG signals are frequently employed as they offer a non-invasive and cost-effective means of measuring brain activity. Nevertheless, accurately identifying emotions from EEG signals poses a significant challenge due to the intricate and non-linear nature of these signals.MethodsThe present study proposes a novel approach for ER that encompasses multiple stages, including feature extraction, feature selection (FS) employing clustering, and classification using Dual-LSTM. To conduct the experiments, the DEAP dataset was employed, wherein a clustering technique was applied to Hurst’s view and statistical features during the FS phase. Ultimately, Dual-LSTM was employed for accurate ER.ResultsThe proposed method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 97.5% in accurately classifying emotions across four categories: arousal, valence, liking/disliking, dominance, and familiarity. This high level of accuracy serves as strong evidence for the effectiveness of the deep-learning approach to emotion recognition (ER) utilizing EEG signals.ConclusionThe deep-learning approach proposed in this paper has shown promising results in emotion recognition using EEG signals. This method can be useful in various applications, such as developing more effective therapies for individuals with mood disorders or improving human-computer interaction by allowing machines to respond more intelligently to users’ emotional states. However, further research is needed to validate the proposed method on larger datasets and to investigate its applicability to real-world scenarios.
Circulating microRNAs correlate with structural and functional MRI parameters in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Geiger Lili , Orsi Gergely , Cseh Tamás , Gombos Katalin , Illés Zsolt , Czéh Boldizsár 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionCirculating microRNAs are promising biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to correlate serum microRNA levels with various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters.MethodsWe recruited 50 MS patients and measured cervical spine and cerebral white matter lesions together with regional brain volumes. Microstructural changes in the white matter were investigated with diffusion tensor imaging. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed to measure cerebral metabolites. Functional connectivity within the default mode network was examined with resting-state functional MRI. On the day of the MRI measurements, we collected serum samples and carried out quantitative analysis of ten pre-selected microRNAs using droplet digital PCR.ResultsSerum level of miR-143.3p could differentiate between MS subtypes and had lower levels in progressive MS types. We found significant associations between microRNA levels and MRI measures: (1) higher miR-92a.3p and miR-486.5p levels were associated with greater total white matter lesion volumes within the cervical spine, (2) decreased miR-142.5p levels was associated with reduced total creatinine concentration and (3) miR-92a.3p, miR-142.5p and miR-486.5p levels were associated with functional connectivity strengths between specific nodes of the default mode network. Specifically, we found a negative association between miR-92a.3p and miR-486.5p levels and connectivity strength between the lateral temporal cortex and posterior inferior parietal lobule, and a positive association between miR-142.5p level and connectivity strength between the retrosplenial cortex and temporal pole. However, miRNA levels were not associated with regional brain volumes.ConclusionWe provide here further evidence that circulating microRNAs may show correlation with both structural and functional neuroimaging outcomes in patients with MS.
The safety and efficacy of delayed surgery by simulating clinical progression of observable papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 524 patients from a single medical center
Authors: Shi Liuhong , Le Kehao , Qi Haiou , Feng Yibing , Zhou Liang , Wang Jianbiao , Xie Lei 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveWhen active surveillance (AS) is developed in the patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), a medical center needs to ensure the delayed operation that is caused by PTMC clinical progression to have the same prognosis as that of immediate operation. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of delayed surgery by simulating clinical progression (tumor size enlargement and appearance of lymph node metastasis) of PTMCs with AS in a single medical center.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the response to therapy in 317 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients treated with total thyroidectomy and post-operative radioactive iodine ablation. They were classified into three groups according to tumor size (group A ≤0.5 cm; group B &gt;0.5 cm and ≤1 cm; group C &gt;1 cm and ≤1.5 cm) or two groups according to the presence (cN1) or absence (cN0) of the clinical lymph node (LN) metastasis. Groups C and cN1 were regarded as simulated clinical progression of observational PTMC and the operation for them was assumed to be “delayed surgery”. However, Groups A, B and cN0 were regarded as no clinical progression and the operation for them was considered as immediate surgery.ResultsThere were no significantly differences in excellent response to therapy and recurrence-free survival not only among the group A, B and C, but also between the group cN0 and cN1. In other words, these insignificant differences were found between immediate and simulated “delayed” surgeries.ConclusionFor the PTMC patients suitable for AS, the oncological outcomes were also excellent even if surgery was delayed until after the presence of clinical progression, according to our clinical simulation. Furthermore, we consider that it was feasible for medical centers to assess the ability to implement AS for PTMC patients by retrospectively analyzing their own previous clinical data using the described simulation.