bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization under unknown control directions and disturbed measurements via a time‐delay approach to extremum seeking
Authors: Zhang Jin , Fridman Emilia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study stabilization of linear uncertain systems under unknown control directions using a bounded extremum seeking controller in the presence of a small time‐varying measurement delay. We assume that the measurements are subject to discontinuous disturbances. The main novelty is that these disturbances possess not only the constant part as in the existing results, but also small discontinuous part that may appear due to quantization. We consider two types of measurements: the state measurements and the state quadratic norm ones. In the latter case the constant part of the disturbances may be arbitrary large. By using the recently proposed time‐delay approach to Lie‐brackets‐based averaging, we transform the closed‐loop system to a time‐delay (neutral type) one with no terms depending on the disturbance derivative, which has a form of perturbed Lie brackets system. The input‐to‐state stability (ISS) of the time‐delay system guarantees the same for the original one. We further transform the neutral system to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with delayed perturbations and employ variation of constants formula leading to explicit conditions in terms of simple inequalities with less conservative results in the most of numerical examples. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the efficiency of the method.
Light dilaton in rare meson decays and extraction of its CP property
Authors: Girmohanta Sudhakantha , Nakai Yuichiro , Shigekami Yoshihiro , Tobioka Kohsaku 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The dilaton ϕ is a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with the spontaneous breaking of scale invariance in a nearly conformal theory, and couples to the trace of the stress-energy tensor. We analyze experimental constraints on a light dilaton with mass in the MeV–GeV range from rare meson decays. New model-independent inclusive bounds for the b → sϕ transition largely exclude the parameter space of a light dilaton that could explain the muon g − 2 anomaly. Despite similarities between a dilaton and a Higgs-portal scalar, the dilaton-photon coupling is enhanced compared to the Higgs-portal scalar due to contributions from loops of the conformal sector. Consequently, the shortened lifetime of the dilaton relaxes bounds from K → π + invisible searches at the NA62 experiment and constraints from the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We utilize this fact to search for the dilaton signature at a lepton collider such as the ongoing Belle II experiment. Further, we demonstrate how to extract the CP property of the dilaton using the variation of the differential cross-section of e+e− → e+e−ϕ with the azimuthal angle between the outgoing leptons.
Remarks on BPS Wilson loops in non-conformal $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 gauge theories and localization
Authors: Billò M. , Griguolo L. , Testa A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider 1/2 BPS supersymmetric circular Wilson loops in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SU(N) SYM theories with massless matter content and non-vanishing β-function. Following Pestun’s approach, we can use supersymmetric localization on the sphere $$ \mathbbm{S} $$
S
4 to map these observables into a matrix model, provided that the one-loop determinants are consistently regularized. Employing a suitable procedure, we construct the regularized matrix model for these theories and show that, at order g4, the predictions for the 1/2 BPS Wilson loop match standard perturbative renormalization based on the direct evaluation of Feynman diagrams on $$ \mathbbm{S} $$
S
4. Despite conformal symmetry begin broken at the quantum level, we also demonstrate that the matrix model approaches perfectly captures the expression of the renormalized observable in flat space at this perturbative order. Moreover, we revisit in detail the difference theory approach, showing that when the β-function is non-vanishing, this method does not account for evanescent terms which are made finite by the renormalization procedure and participate to the corrections at order g6.
Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theory for stable and causal relativistic hydrodynamics
Authors: Jain Akash , Kovtun Pavel 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We construct stable and causal effective field theories (EFTs) for describing statistical fluctuations in relativistic diffusion and relativistic hydrodynamics. These EFTs are fully non-linear, including couplings to background sources, and enable us to compute n-point time-ordered correlation functions including the effects of statistical fluctuations. The EFTs we construct are inspired by the Maxwell-Cattaneo model of relativistic diffusion and Müller-Israel-Stewart model of relativistic hydrodynamics respectively, and have been derived using both the Martin-Siggia-Rose and Schwinger-Keldysh formalisms. The EFTs non-linearly realise the dynamical Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) symmetry, which ensures that n-point correlation functions and interactions in the theory satisfy the appropriate fluctuation-dissipation theorems. Since these EFTs typically admit ultraviolet sectors that are not fixed by the low-energy infrared symmetries, we find that they simultaneously admit multiple realisations of the dynamical KMS symmetry. We also comment on certain obstructions to including statistical fluctuations in the recently-proposed stable and causal Bemfica-Disconzi-Noronha-Kovtun model of relativistic hydrodynamics.
Curriculum „Trachealkanülenmanagement in der Dysphagietherapie“
Authors: Ledl C. , Frank U. , Dziewas R. , Arnold B. , Bähre N. , Betz C. S. , Braune S. , Deitmer T. , Diesener P. , Fischer A. S. , Hamzic S. , Iberl G. , Konradi J. , Löhler J. , Platz T. , Rohlfes C. , Westhoff M. , Winkler S. , Wirth R. , Graf S. 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Anzahl tracheotomierter dysphagischer PatientInnen im klinischen und außerklinisch-ambulanten Setting und der damit einhergehende Behandlungsbedarf steigen kontinuierlich. Die Neufassung der Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses über die Verordnung außerklinischer Intensivpflege (AKI) sieht zudem vor, dass PatientInnen in der AKI regelmäßig evaluiert werden, um Therapiepotenzial nach stationärer Entlassung zu erkennen und zu fördern. Eine besondere Rolle nimmt dabei die Dysphagietherapie ein, da ohne Besserung schwerer Dysphagien kaum die Möglichkeit einer Dekanülierung besteht. Tracheotomierte dysphagische PatientInnen werden von LogopädInnen und akademischen SprachtherapeutInnen behandelt. Inhalte zum Trachealkanülenmanagement (TKM) finden sich jedoch nicht obligatorisch in den sprachtherapeutisch-logopädischen Ausbildungs-Curricula, sodass Weiterbildungsbedarf im therapeutischen Umgang mit Trachealkanülen besteht und Behandlungsstandards gesichert werden müssen. Daher wurde von der Deutschen interdisziplinären Gesellschaft für Dysphagie (DGD) in Kooperation mit den beteiligten therapeutischen und medizinischen Fachgesellschaften ein Curriculum zum TKM entwickelt. Dieses soll Basis für das inhaltliche Vorgehen im TKM sein und als Qualifikationsnachweis der TherapeutInnen im Rahmen der Delegation ärztlicher Leistungen dienen. Ziele des TKM-Curriculums sind die Definition theoretischer und praktischer Weiterbildungsinhalte, die Befähigung zur Durchführung des TKM nach aktuellen Standards sowie die Qualitätssicherung. Das Curriculum definiert zwei Qualifikationsstufen (AnwenderIn und AusbilderIn), Eingangsvoraussetzungen, curriculare Inhalte, Prüfungs- und Qualifikationskriterien sowie Übergangsregelungen für bereits im TKM erfahrene TherapeutInnen.
Differentiated uniformization: a new method for inferring Markov chains on combinatorial state spaces including stochastic epidemic models
Authors: Rupp Kevin , Schill Rudolf , Süskind Jonas , Georg Peter , Klever Maren , Lösch Andreas , Grasedyck Lars , Wettig Tilo , Spang Rainer 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe consider continuous-time Markov chains that describe the stochastic evolution of a dynamical system by a transition-rate matrix Q which depends on a parameter $$\theta $$
θ
. Computing the probability distribution over states at time t requires the matrix exponential $$\exp \,\left( tQ\right) \,$$

exp

t
Q

, and inferring $$\theta $$
θ
from data requires its derivative $$\partial \exp \,\left( tQ\right) \,/\partial \theta $$

∂
exp

t
Q

/
∂
θ

. Both are challenging to compute when the state space and hence the size of Q is huge. This can happen when the state space consists of all combinations of the values of several interacting discrete variables. Often it is even impossible to store Q. However, when Q can be written as a sum of tensor products, computing $$\exp \,\left( tQ\right) \,$$

exp

t
Q

becomes feasible by the uniformization method, which does not require explicit storage of Q. Here we provide an analogous algorithm for computing $$\partial \exp \,\left( tQ\right) \,/\partial \theta $$

∂
exp

t
Q

/
∂
θ

, the differentiated uniformization method. We demonstrate our algorithm for the stochastic SIR model of epidemic spread, for which we show that Q can be written as a sum of tensor products. We estimate monthly infection and recovery rates during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria and quantify their uncertainty in a full Bayesian analysis. Implementation and data are available at https://github.com/spang-lab/TenSIR.
Implementation of robot-assisted lymphaticovenous anastomoses in a microsurgical unit
Authors: Reilly Frank O. F. , Nilsson Anna , Frieberg Helena , Mayr-Riedler Michael S. , Mani Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Numerous papers have been published evaluating the clinical benefits of robot-assisted microsurgery. In this study, we describe the incorporation of the MUSA-2 robot (Microsure, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) into a plastic surgery unit outside of its development centre. We aimed to assess robot implementation timeframes, areas of future development, and key learning points for centres considering the establishment of a robot-assisted microsurgery service.

Methods
We identified 12 female patients with upper limb lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer treatment, who consented to have a robotic-assisted lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) from September 2022 to March 2023. All patients had at least one robot-assisted LVA. Post operatively, a surgical evaluation of the robot’s performance and of the surgeon’s intraoperative workload was measured. Each patient completed a postoperative Likert scale, which measured their surgical experience.

Results
The mean robot time per case was 60.25 min. The mean time taken for the first robot-assisted anastomosis was 32 min. The second robot anastomoses was 30% faster than the first, taking a mean of 22.5 min. The average anastomosis had 4.5 sutures placed robotically. Initial mean scores in the workload survey completed by the surgeon were highest for frustration and effort, both reduced with increasing volume of cases. In 91% of cases, physical intraoperative discomfort was reported by the surgeon but completely resolved following repositioning.

Conclusions
The current technology can be readily incorporated into a microsurgical unit. We developed four key learning points from the implementation of robot-assisted LVA in our microsurgical unit.
Level of evidence: Level IV, risk/prognostic study
Yeast communities related to honeybees: occurrence and distribution in flowers, gut mycobiota, and bee products
Authors: Agarbati Alice , Gattucci Silvia , Canonico Laura , Ciani Maurizio , Comitini Francesca 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Honeybee (Apis mellifera) is an important agricultural pollinator and a model for sociality. In this study, a deep knowledge on yeast community characterizing the honeybees’ environmental was carried out. For this, a total of 93 samples were collected: flowers as food sources, bee gut mycobiota, and bee products (bee pollen, bee bread, propolis), and processed using culture-dependent techniques and a molecular approach for identification. The occurrence of yeast populations was quantitatively similar among flowers, bee gut mycobiota, and bee products. Overall, 27 genera and 51 species were identified. Basidiomycetes genera were predominant in the flowers while the yeast genera detected in all environments were Aureobasidium, Filobasidium, Meyerozyma, and Metschnikowia. Fermenting species belonging to the genera Debaryomyces, Saccharomyces, Starmerella, Pichia, and Lachancea occurred mainly in the gut, while most of the identified species of bee products were not found in the gut mycobiota. Five yeast species, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, and Starmerella roseus, were present in both summer and winter, thus indicating them as stable components of bee mycobiota. These findings can help understand the yeast community as a component of the bee gut microbiota and its relationship with related environments, since mycobiota characterization was still less unexplored. In addition, the gut microbiota, affecting the nutrition, endocrine signaling, immune function, and pathogen resistance of honeybees, represents a useful tool for its health evaluation and could be a possible source of functional yeasts.

Key points
• The stable yeast populations are represented by M. guilliermondii, D. hansenii, H. uvarum, H. guilliermondii, and S. roseus.
• A. pullulans was the most abondance yeast detective in the flowers and honeybee guts.
• Aureobasidium, Meyerozyma, Pichia, and Hanseniaspora are the main genera resident in gut tract.
Humic acid biosynthesis and bacterial community evolution during aerobic composting of rice straw
Authors: Gao Yuwei , Liu Shuai , Wang Nan , Wang Yong-Zhong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, the effects of inoculum ratio, substrate particle size and aeration rate on humic acid (HA) biosynthesis during aerobic composting of rice straw were investigated, respectively. The contents of total organic carbon, total nitrogen and HA, as well as lignocellulose degradation in the composting were evaluated, respectively. It is found that the maximal HA yield of 356.9 g kg−1 was obtained at an inoculum ratio of 20%, a substrate particle size of 0.83 mm and an aeration rate of 0.3 L·kg−1 DM min−1 in the process of composting. The changes of microbial communities and metabolic functions at different stages of the composting were also analyzed through high-throughput sequencing. The result demonstrates that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla and their relative abundance significantly varied over time (p < 0.05), and Rhizobium, Phenylobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas and Paenibacillus were positively related to HA content in the compost. Furthermore, the metabolic function profiles of bacterial community indicate that these functional genes in carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism were involved in lignocellulose biodegradation and HA biosynthesis. This work may be conducive to explore new regulation strategy to improve bioconversion efficiency of agricultural residues to applicable biofertilizers.

Key points
• Temperature, pH, TOC, TN and C/N caused a great influence on humic acids synthesis
• The succession of the microbial community during the composting were evaluated
• The metabolisms of carbohydrate and amino acids were involved in HA synthesis

Graphical abstract
Expression and purification of epinecidin-1 variant (Ac-Var-1) by acid cleavage
Authors: Jeyarajan Sivakumar , Peter Ansu Susan , Sathyan Aswathy , Ranjith Sukumar , Kandasamy Indira , Duraisamy Senbagam , Chidambaram Prahalathan , Kumarasamy Anbarasu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The demand for massive quantities of therapeutic active antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is high due to their potential as alternatives to antibiotics. However, each antimicrobial peptide has unique properties, necessitating distinct synthesis and purification strategies for their large-scale production. In this study, we bio-synthesized and purified a functional enhanced variant of the AMP epinecidin-1, known as Ac-Var-1 (acid-cleavable variant-1). To generate the active peptide, we cloned the gene for Ac-Var-1 with acid-cleavable site (aspartic acid-proline) into the pET-32a expression vector, purified the fusion protein by His tag enrichment chromatography, and performed acid cleavage to release the active Ac-Var-1 peptide. After acid cleavage, the active Ac-Var-1 was purified and characterized by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. The results from both techniques provided confirmation of the intactness of the purified Ac-Var-1. The Ac-Var-1 inhibited the growth of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Key points
• Epinecidin-1 is a well-known antimicrobial peptide having multipotential bioactivities.
• Epinecidin-1 variant is developed via the site-directed mutagenesis method to improve its structural stability and bioactivity.
• AC-Var-1 development is an economical and easy method to remove peptide from tag protein.
Developing a clinical-radiomic prediction model for 3-year cancer-specific survival in lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Huang Bao-Tian , Wang Ying , Lin Pei-Xian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to develop and validate a combined model for predicting 3-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) in lung cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) by integrating clinical and radiomic parameters.

Methods
Clinical data and pre-treatment CT images were collected from 102 patients treated with lung SBRT. Multivariate logistic regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to determine the clinical and radiomic factors associated with 3-year CSS. Three prediction models were developed using clinical factors, radiomic factors, and a combination of both. The performance of the models was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve. A nomogram was also created to visualize the 3-year CSS prediction.

Results
With a 36-month follow-up, 40 patients (39.2%) died of lung cancer and 62 patients (60.8%) survived. Three clinical factors, including gender, clinical stage, and lymphocyte ratio, along with three radiomic features, were found to be independent factors correlated with 3-year CSS. The area under the curve values for the clinical, radiomic, and combined model were 0.839 (95% CI 0.735–0.914), 0.886 (95% CI 0.790–0.948), and 0.914 (95% CI 0.825–0.966) in the training cohort, and 0.757 (95% CI 0.580–0.887), 0.818 (95% CI 0.648–0.929), and 0.843 (95% CI 0.677–0.944) in the validation cohort, respectively. Additionally, the calibration curve demonstrated good calibration performance and the nomogram created from the combined model showed potential for clinical utility.

Conclusion
A clinical-radiomic model was developed to predict the 3-year CSS for lung cancer patients treated with SBRT.
A systematic literature review of pre-requirements specification traceability
Authors: Mucha Julia , Kaufmann Andreas , Riehle Dirk 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRequirements traceability (RT) is the ability to link requirements to other software development artifacts. In pre-requirements (pre-RS) traceability, requirements are linked to their origin, such as interviews with stakeholders, meeting protocols, or legacy systems. Compared with post-RS traceability, which links requirements to source code and other later artifacts, pre-RS traceability has seen much less research. This article presents a systematic literature review of pre-RS traceability based on 77 articles published between 1992 and 2022, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of its use cases, benefits, problems, and solutions. Through the analysis of existing literature, this review identifies gaps for future research and establishes a foundation for future investigations in the field of pre-RS traceability.
Prediction model of loess immersion settlement based on improved K-G model
Authors: Zhang Longfei , Hu Zaiqiang , Li Hongru , She Haicheng , Zhang Yao , Wang Xiaoliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLoess is a problematic type of soil with a worldwide distribution due to its collapsibility. The temporal discontinuity and spatial nonuniformity of its collapsibility can bring severe damage to building foundations, roads and water pipelines. In this study, the relationship between the saturation and K-G model parameters is established based on indoor compression tests and collapsible tests; the deformation characteristics of loess immersed in water are studied via a large-scale trial immersion pit test. The test site is a circular pit with a diameter of 10 m. The loess is immersed for 46 days; the variation in its accumulated settlement over time is recorded for 60 days, and its deformation process is simulated using a self-designed programme. Results show that for the stress–strain relationship of unsaturated loess, the relationship between equivalent suction and saturation can be obtained through the principle of deformation equivalence and fitted using the exponential function. The maximum vertical displacements calculated in the simulation and on-site immersion pit experiment are 0.036 m and 0.032 m, respectively. Such relatively good consistency indicates that the proposed method can reasonably predict the collapse behaviour of loess due to immersion. This research provides a reliable method for the numerical simulation of loess immersion deformation, and the parameters in the model only need to be determined by conventional experiments.
Rationality and the exploitation of natural resources: a psychobiological conceptual model for sustainability
Authors: Ruiz Serrano Andres , Musumeci Andrea , Li Juan Julie , Ruiz Serrano Mauricio , Serrano Barquin Carolina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a psychobiological conceptual model that incorporates the vulnerability and exhaustibility of the ecosystem into the notion of rational behavior. After providing a review of relevant literature in economics, psychology and sociology, we analyze the theoretical and practical limitations of economic rationality under conditions of climate devastation. By employing a logical consequence approach, we describe and broaden the cognitive process of rational choice to include the influence of externalities, institutions, markets, and the ecosystem. We propose two existing constructs as perceptual conditions restraining the rational exploitation of natural resources: restitution and substitution. These constructs are conditioned by the degree of the irreplaceability of materials. Under these premises, we purport that individuals act in a rational manner subject to the extent of restitution and substitution of resources, depending on their perception of economic, environmental, and social risk.
A Discovery Tour in Random Riemannian Geometry
Authors: Dello Schiavo Lorenzo , Kopfer Eva , Sturm Karl-Theodor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe study random perturbations of a Riemannian manifold $$(\textsf{M},\textsf{g})$$

(
M
,
g
)

by means of so-called Fractional Gaussian Fields, which are defined intrinsically by the given manifold. The fields $$h^\bullet : \omega \mapsto h^\omega $$

h
∙

:
ω
↦

h
ω

will act on the manifold via the conformal transformation $$\textsf{g}\mapsto \textsf{g}^\omega := e^{2h^\omega }\,\textsf{g}$$

g
↦

g
ω

:
=

e

2

h
ω

g

. Our focus will be on the regular case with Hurst parameter $$H>0$$

H
>
0

, the critical case $$H=0$$

H
=
0

being the celebrated Liouville geometry in two dimensions. We want to understand how basic geometric and functional-analytic quantities like diameter, volume, heat kernel, Brownian motion, spectral bound, or spectral gap change under the influence of the noise. And if so, is it possible to quantify these dependencies in terms of key parameters of the noise? Another goal is to define and analyze in detail the Fractional Gaussian Fields on a general Riemannian manifold, a fascinating object of independent interest.