bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing the Reliability of Injection Wells with the Application of Ventury Injector Concept Study Case LSA-175 Limau Oilfield Indonesia
Authors: Riyadi A. , Ardiansyah A. , Akbar Z. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Injection wells have an important role in the upstream oil and gas industry not only as injection of produced water but also as a secondary option in creating opportunities to increase oil and gas production. For old fields, the reliability of injection wells is very important in maintaining production stability and can even create opportunities to increase production by grossing up existing wells and adding new wells. The objective of this paper is to show an alternative corrective treatment for injection wells that is more efficient and low cost using the concept of the ventury effect. LSA-175 is an injection well that has a decrease in rate of 800-1000 bbl/day due to plugging and occurs frequently enough to require repeated treatment but is always hampered due to poor access road conditions and high cost.
To overcome plugging in injection wells, we made an Autosuction Chemical Pump (ASCP)" tool, which is a modified pipe through the ventury concept. This tool is designed to have a length of 50 cm consisting of throat, nozzle and diffuser which are configured to form a series to produce a vacuum effect. ASCP is made using stainless steel (SS) 316 material so that it is resistant to chemical acids, has a thickness that can withstand pressure &gt;1500 psig, installation is simple and movable. ASCP was installed in the flowline by adding by pass flow to the LSA-175 injection well, then corrective treatment was carried out by injecting 15% HCl through the ASCP which resulted in a vacuum effect when fluid flow entered the ASCP. When the fluid enters the ASCP it produces delta pressure which causes a vacuum effect then the water produced with 15% HCl enters the well with a mixture of 8 - 10% as well plugging treatment media. After 20 bbl of 15% HCl treatment, LSA-175 show in increase in rate of 700 bbl/day and the wellhead pressure decreased by 30 Psig. The delta pressure that occurs is 200 psig to produce a vacuum effect.
Corrective treatment using ASCP is suitable for remote fields, if there is bad road access, the installation is simple and does not require heavy equipment. Chemical acid can be carried in a double cabin car using a 1000 liter IBC tank.
Asset Inspection Efficiency Maximization: Utilizing Alternative Methods
Authors: Pietranek L. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Technology is available to transform the way in which offshore assets are inspected and maintained. Breaking away from traditional methods and introducing new solutions which are far better suited to the energy industry as it transitions from a reliance on fossil fuels to more sustainable renewable sources.
Removing the requirement for vessel-based inspection and maintenance programs, and instead adopting asset deployed techniques will greatly reduce the environmental impact of routine asset inspections and increase operational efficiency.
ULL-UAD - Al Nouf Field Synergy – Study Report on Long-Term Jetty
Authors: Selvam Rajendran , Sunkari Guruprasad , AlJaberi Abdul Rahman Ahmed , Al Qubaisi Khaled Ahmed , Almheiri Ahmed Saeed 
Published: October 2023

ADNOC Offshore is an upstream operator responsible for the development, production, and delivery of oil and gas resources from various fields in the Arabian Gulf, including Umm Al Dalkh (UAD) and Umm Lulu (UL) field for ADNOC, UAE. Umm Al Dalkh (UAD) field is located about 25 km northwest offshore of Abu Dhabi and Umm Lulu (UL) field is located about 40 km Northwest offshore of Abu Dhabi. Similarly, ADNOC Onshore is operating from various onshore fields. ADNOC Onshore NEB (Northeast Bab) field is located at Al Nouf southeast of Abu Dhabi Island.
ADNOC Offshore's strategic objective is to identify the potential synergies with Onshore for Long Term Development Plans (LTDP) of Umm Al Dalkh (UAD) & Umm Lulu (UL) facilities in terms of operation, facility integration, to achieve the resulting cost saving/economic benefits. As part of ADNOC business collaboration for creating opportunities of integrations and synergies between its Onshore and Offshore units, many initiatives are being studied. One of those initiatives was to utilize current ADNOC Onshore NEB-Al Nouf Field area as a base for ADNOC Offshore Umm Lulu & Umm Al Dalkh (UL/UD) field employees to allow them to work, reside and attend to their field from Al Nouf area (NEB).
Utilisation of Inflatable Buoyancy for Efficient and Safer Subsea Cable Laying over Traditional Methods
Authors: Brading Graham , Bangera Rakesh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The subsea and offshore industries pose significant challenges due to the unpredictable environments in which they operate. The traditional methods of cable laying often involve large equipment and specialized vessels, which lead to high project costs and timeconsuming processes. Inflatable buoyancy devices, which provide improved efficiency, safety, and sustainability for subsea cable installation, have, nevertheless, emerged as a game-changing alternative.
Buoyancy bags, which are inflatable airbags designed to lift and support cables, have revolutionized the cable laying process. By utilizing these buoyancy bags, the installation of subsea cables becomes easier, faster, and more cost-effective. In this paper, we aim to provide a comprehensive analysis that highlights the advantages of utilizing inflatable buoyancy systems over traditional methods of cable laying.
Through rigorous calculations and examination of project information, we will delve into the numerous benefits offered by inflatable buoyancy systems. These systems mitigate risks associated with cable deployment, reducing the potential for cable damage during critical stages such as passing through tensioning systems or unwrapping from carousels. Additionally, changing weather conditions that could otherwise impact the cable deployment process are effectively managed with the use of buoyancy bags, minimizing the risk of potential damage.
Bringing Intelligence into Marine Logistics for the Oil Industry
Authors: Yahia A. , Al Qahtani M. , Alsalim A. 
Published: October 2023

Numerous industries, including logistics, have drastically changed positively by adapting and welcoming the digital revolution. This urgency for adaptation stems from the increasing demand for efficiency and expenses reduction. However, the maritime logistics industry does not seem to be as welcoming to implement digital change as much as other logistics sectors and that is due to a number of differences that create hurdles in the maritime operations (Raza et al., 2023).
Maritime logistics in the oil industry refers to the delivery of equipment and material to offshore rigs. The nature of this operation introduces challenges some of which are low visibility and inefficient process completion due to many actors in the chain of operation (Raza et al., 2022). The offshore trips are heavily reliant on the network of actors who could be residing in different environment such as pier, vessel, or field. As a result of the missing unified communication within the responsible parties, the trips are cost inefficient and take a longer turnaround time (Lind et al., 2018).
Incorporating innovative technology to the maritime industry has the potential to streamline its operations (Kache and Seuring, 2017) just as it had this effect on numerous sectors including other logistical industries. In this case, maritime digitization involves enhancing the maritime operations by introducing digital technologies which creates a unified environment that benefits from visibility in a more sustainable operation.
Gap Analysis for EHV Submarine Cable Design
Authors: Singh Kamaljit , Paul Raju , Kamal Faris 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Extra High Voltage (EHV) networks at offshore fields require long submarine cables which pose serious design and implementation challenges ranging from Cable Construction, Power Core Sizing, Capacitance Impact, Installation Methods, Overhead Line Interface, Factory Limitations, Transportation Logistics as well as Online Monitoring aspects. This paper highlights gaps identified during recent offshore projects and strategies adopted to mitigate all concerns. A methodical approach covering all the aspects of design and installation are discussed to avoid the gaps during the execution stage.
Submarine Cable design commences with load demand and route length estimation. This is a multi-disciplinary activity which needs to be managed by the package engineer using estimation templates, load study and coordination with offshore/pipeline/structural/civil teams. Ampacity calculation is a critical activity, especially with cable routes involving varied installation methods such as onshore trenching, shore approach burial, offshore trenching, seabed laying, J tube dry/wet and overhead sections. Charging current introduces a major constraint on the power flow which requires detailed study and mitigation. One needs to be aware of the logistics involved with long lengths along with transportation constraints and offshore field splicing activities. Close coordination with the supplier and installation team is emphasized.
Techniques to achieve enhanced cable ampacity are discussed in the paper along with critical studies to review important aspects such as switching duties, overload, over voltages, as well as thermal monitoring. This paper addresses all the aspects that need to be considered to ensure that design, logistics & installation issues are avoided. System requirements with the long EHV submarine cables are also covered for the benefit of package engineers, site teams and project management.
Gender-Specific Hotspot Detection of Literate and Workers in Uttar Pradesh, India using a Rough Graph-based Approach
Authors: Tabarej Mohd Shamsh , Minz Sonajharia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spatial polygon data represents the area or region of specific events, such as disease cases, crime, medical facilities, earthquakes, and fires. In spatial data analysis, locating the hotspot is essential. However, it is challenging to identify a spatially significant hotspot. This paper proposes a novel method for finding statistically significant hotspots based on the rough graph. First, the Global Moan index is used to determine the presence of spatial dependence in the data set. Then, the HSDRG algorithm is implemented to find the hotspot of the polygon vector data. Two spatial neighbour search techniques, BFS and DFS, are employed to find the spatial neighbour. The algorithm is evaluated using socio-economic data from Uttar Pradesh, India. Four variables were chosen to find the hotspot: female literacy, male literacy, female workers, and male workers. A percentage value is calculated for each variable to find the hotspot. The analysis reveals that the generated hotspots are denser, the PAI value is high, and the running time is less than the other methods found in the literature. The running time of the HSDRH algorithm using DFS as the search technique is 69.48%, 72.91%, and 73.08% less compared to the methods Moran’s I, Getis Ord Gi, and Getis Ord Gi*, respectively. Therefore, the HDSRG algorithm using a rough graph is considered the optimal method for hotspot detection. This type of analysis is vital to know whether the area has good literacy concerning males and females and to know the area has hotspot workers.
Water Quality Evaluation Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Gavali Kajal Rajendra , Gundale A. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One of the most significant and serious issues currently affecting mankind is the degradation of natural water resources, such as rivers and lakes. Polluted water has longterm repercussions on all facets of existence. In order to maximise your water quality, it is crucial to manage your water resources. The impacts of water contents can be efficiently managed if data are analysed and water quality can be forecasted.This study’s objective is to develop a model for predicting quality of water is based on measurements of water quality using machine learning. With some data obtained through machine learning, models made of algorithms can be created. The collected data will be preprocessed, divided into training and testing portions, and exposed to machine learning classification techniques for a better assessment of parametric findings. Some of the classification type techniques used in this work are Decision Tree, LinearSVC, Random Forest, GradientBoosting, SGD, and KNeighbour. Each model’s performance indicators are computed and are different from one another. Hyper tuning is a method for raising perfor- mance metrics for models of machine learning.
How synchronized human networks escape local minima
Authors: Fridman Moti , Shniderman Elad , Avraham Yahav , Shahal Shir , Duadi Hamootal , Davidson Nir 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Finding the global minimum in complex networks while avoiding local minima is challenging in many types of networks. We study the dynamics of complex human networks and observed that humans have different methods to avoid local minima than other networks. Humans can change the coupling strength between them or change their tempo. This leads to different dynamics than other networks and makes human networks more robust and better resilient against perturbations. We observed high-order vortex states, oscillation death, and amplitude death, due to the unique dynamics of the network. This research may have implications in politics, economics, pandemic control, decision-making, and predicting the dynamics of networks with artificial intelligence.
Impact of Orthodontic-Induced Facial Morphology Changes on Aesthetic Evaluation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liu Chao , Du Siyuan , Wang Zhengliang , Guo Shikai , Cui Mengjuan , Zhai Qianglan , Zhang Manfei , Fang Bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The profound influence of orthodontic interventions on facial aesthetics has been a topic of increasing interest. This study delves into the intricate interplay between orthodontic treatments, quantified facial feature alterations, and aesthetic perceptions.
Methods
A comprehensive cohort of clinical images capturing pre- and post-orthodontic treatment stages was meticulously curated, encompassing a sample size of N = 73. Employing advanced phenotypic grouping techniques, facial landmarks were meticulously identified, providing a nuanced understanding of facial changes. The subsequent aesthetic assessments, executed by a panel of experts, underwent rigorous statistical analyses to unveil the correlations between orthodontic modalities, facial feature transformations, and aesthetic appraisals.
Results
Notably robust consensus emerged among expert evaluators regarding facial aesthetic judgments, showcasing the highest consistency in lateral views. Intriguingly, orthodontic interventions yielded a substantial elevation in overall aesthetic ratings, with lateral and comprehensive evaluations particularly underscored. Among the subjects subjected to premolar extraction, a significantly more pronounced enhancement in aesthetic outcomes was evident. Distinct facial landmarks, such as pg.sm.hori and pg.n.ls, exhibited substantive alterations that demonstrated significant associations with heightened aesthetic evaluations. Moreover, a comprehensive multifactor analysis underscored the sustained significance of pg.sm.hori, positioning it as a pivotal factor influencing aesthetic outcomes within orthodontic practices.
Conclusions
This exhaustive study provides a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between orthodontic interventions and facial aesthetics, capitalizing on the amalgamation of clinical images and expert judgments. The findings not only underscore the substantial impact of orthodontic treatments, particularly from lateral perspectives, but also emphasize the pivotal role of specific facial landmarks like pg.sm.hori and pg.n.ls in achieving augmented aesthetic results. These insights not only enrich the clinical decision-making process but also pave the way for further research endeavors aimed at unraveling the complex tapestry of facial aesthetics within the realm of orthodontics.
Stapler Strategies for Upcycling Mixed Plastics
Authors: Chen Chang-Le , Zou Chen , Chen Jiawei , Si Guifu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Mechanical recycling is one of the simplest and most economical strategies to address ever-increasing plastic pollution, but it cannot be applied to immiscible mixed plastics and suffers from property deterioration after each cycle. By combining the amphiphilic block copolymer strategy and reactive compatibilization strategy, we designed a series of stapler strategies for compatibilizing/upcycling mixed plastics. First, various functionalized graft copolymers were accessed via different synthetic routes. Subsequently, the addition of a very small amount of stapler molecules induced a synergistic effect with the graft copolymers that improved the compatibility and mechanical properties of mixed plastics. These strategies were highly effective for various binary/ternary plastic systems, can be directly applied to post-consumer waste plastics, and, most importantly, permitted the recycling of plastic blends 20 times with minimal degradation in their mechanical properties.
Projecting Future Heat Stress Disparities to 2100 in the Contiguous United States
Authors: Song Kaihui , Hsu Angel , Peng Wei , Yu Ying , Noah Kittner 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Global warming increases heat-related health risks. Historical evidence suggests disproportionate heat impacts among different regional and socioeconomic groups in the US. However, little is known about the scale of potential disparities and which populations stand to be most vulnerable under different future climate scenarios. Here, we assess county-level heat exposure, measured by Heat Index (HI) from present-day to 2100, in the contiguous US using Integrated Assessment Model results for five future warming and socioeconomic development pathways. Our results reveal stark spatial and sociodemographic disparities in present and future heat stress, mainly for people of color and those aged 65+. The large proportion of high-risk populations residing in the Southern US makes this region particularly vulnerable to HI increases, and future warming will further enlarge disparities among disadvantaged sociodemographic groups. Our findings underscore the need for considering sociodemographic factors when developing climate adaptation plans and prioritizing policy responses for vulnerable communities.
Viral Load Calculation as an Infection Stage Indicator to effective COVID-19 Management
Authors: Cabral Paula Gebe Abreu , Silva Renato Martins da , Arruda Raul Ferraz , Cabral Sheila Passos de Figueiredo , de Assis Arícia Leone Evangelista Monteiro , Junior Antônio Brazil Viana , de Souza Sávio Bastos 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The treatment of patients afflicted by Covid-19 encountered significant challenges due to the short cycle of SARS-CoV-2 infection, lasting 15-20 days, allowing little time for decisive interventions in severe cases. Initial management relies on tests and symptoms, introducing uncertainty due to logarithmic viral multiplication. The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed millions of lives, despite vaccines and antiviral therapies.
Methods:The study proposes the sequential performance of two quantitative RT-PCR tests in SARS-CoV-2 patients to position them on the infection curve. Two cohorts of clinical studies were analyzed (NCT04668235 and NCT05033145) to improve treatment in moderate and mild COVID-19 cases. Viral load was quantified every 48 hours, providing insights into viral behavior.
Results and Conclusion:The results demonstrate a reliable relationship between improvement, stabilization, or deterioration after two tests every 48 hours. RT-PCR can elucidate the disease's course, provided the same equipment and kit are used. DDPCR confirms RT-PCR data, overcoming limitations in logarithmic analysis. Calculating viral load at two distinct time points enables the assessment of the patient's clinical stage relative to the infection, aiding effective disease management, whether it is progressing or regressing. This strategy has the potential to become a standard in other short-cycle viral diseases.
Effects of Taheri Consciousness Fields on Cell Cycle Progression and ATP Production in Raji and HEK-293 Cell Lines under Microgravity and Earth's Gravity Conditions
Authors: Semsarha Farid , Taheri Mohammad Ali , Hajebrahimi Zahra , Torabi Sara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
T-Consciousness Fields (TCFs) as non-physical fields have been introduced by Mohammad Ali Taheri. Previous studies have examined the application of TCFs on various cell lines and ATP production, revealing that these fields can increase the viability and ATP concentration of cells. It is well-established that reduced gravity can have detrimental impacts on human health during space missions. In this study, two separate experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of TCFs under different gravity conditions using clinostat device to simulate microgravity (MG) condition. In the first experiment, Faradarmani Consciousness Field (FCF), as one of TCFs, was applied to Raji lymphoma cells, and cell cycle progression was evaluated under both MG environment and earth’s gravity (1G). In these experiments, the samples without TCFs treatment served as control. Flow cytometry assay revealed that MG stress considerably induced the Sub-G1 phase by up to 42% and reduced the percentage of G1 and S phases by approximately 57% and 30%, respectively, compared to 1G condition. However, the behavior of FCF-treated samples remained almost unchanged. In the second experiment, the effects of TCFs on cell cycle progression and ATP production of HEK-293 cell line were evaluated under both 1G and MG conditions. The results demonstrated that MG increased the Sub-G1 phase by around 50% percent while under TCFs the percentage of this phase was almost similar to that of control in 1G condition. Furthermore, the S phase in TCFs-treated cells was 18.5% higher compared to their clinorotated counterparts. Under earth’s gravity, TCFs induced a 29% increase in the G2 phase compared to the control. Additionally, MG significantly reduced ATP production by an average of 90%, but under TCFs the concentration of ATP was about two times higher than those samples without TCFs. In conclusion, aside from confirming the distinct effects of TCFs, the data of reduced sub-G1 phase suggest that TCFs treatment results in much better cell survival in reduced gravity by inhibiting apoptosis. According to Taheri, these observed changes in cellular behavior are attributed to information transmission through TCFs, which can compensate for the absence of gravity.