bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical profiling and characterisation of anthraquinone‐based polyphenols as biocolourants from Cortinarius semisanguineus
Authors: Negi Arvind , Toukola Peppi , Räisänen Riikka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnthraquinone dyes are known for their significant colour (brightness of shade in the red, blue and green areas) and light fastness properties compared with other synthetic dyes (such as azo‐based dyes). However, challenging multi‐step synthesis of anthraquinones and limited access to fewer substituents result in insufficient reactivity, hindering their wider industrial applications. Therefore, seeking highly substituted anthraquinone‐based colourants from natural sources is gaining interest among researchers. Notably, certain species of Dermocybe mushrooms are recognised for their red gills rich in anthraquinone colourants, which have been studied. However, limited knowledge of the chemotaxonomic characteristics of their species and molecular structure hinders wide use of their commercial applications. Our study screened extraction methods for their selectivity towards specific anthraquinone types, such as glycosidic vs non‐glycosidic, or those with carboxylic acid groups vs those without. In our observation, a sequential extraction strategy, starting with aqueous buffer extract followed by acetone extract, selectively yielded carboxylic acid‐containing anthraquinones and non‐carboxylic acid‐containing anthraquinones, respectively. We carried out a detailed analysis of anthraquinone‐based colourants in Cortinarius semisanguineus, comparing MS1‐MS2 profiles with two other species of the Dermocybe fungus group (Cortinarius sanguineus and Cortinarius ominosus), highlighting key interspecies differences in expressing certain anthraquinones or regioisomers. This study led to the structural identification of eleven natural anthraquinones and their glycosidic forms among these species. The carboxylic anthraquinones identified and characterised by their fragmentation pattern using MS1‐MS2 profiles include dermolutein, dermorubin, chlorodermorubin, endocrocin and chlorodermolutein, while the non‐carboxylic anthraquinones, primarily from the acetone extract, were dermoglaucin, emodin and dermocybin.
Adaptive functioning in children and young adults with monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Baker Emma K. , St John Miya , Braden Ruth , Morison Lottie D. , Forbes Elana J. , Lelik Fatma , Hearps Stephen J. C. , Amor David J. , Morgan Angela T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo examine the adaptive behaviour profiles of children with monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) to determine whether syndrome‐specific or transdiagnostic approaches provide a better understanding of the adaptive behavioural phenotypes of these NDDs.MethodThis cross‐sectional study included parents and caregivers of 243 (48% female) individuals (age range = 1–25 years; mean = 8 years 10 months, SD = 5 years 8 months) with genetically confirmed monogenic NDDs (CDK13, DYRK1A, FOXP2, KAT6A, KANSL1, SETBP1, BRPF1, and DDX3X). Parents and caregivers completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition to assess communication, daily living, socialization, and motor skills.ResultsLinear regression models comparing mean adaptive behaviours between monogenic NDDs, adjusting for the presence of intellectual disability, revealed few group differences. Children with variants in BRPF1 or KANSL1 had better adaptive behaviour skills compared to children with variants in CDK13, DDX3X, DYRK1A, and KAT6A, although group differences varied across domains. A latent profile analysis showed compelling evidence for a five‐profile model. These profiles were homogeneous, with similar delays across the subdomain scores in each profile. Additionally, each monogenic NDD was represented in each profile, with a few exceptions.InterpretationTransdiagnostic approaches to understand adaptive behaviour in monogenic NDDs provide a better understanding of individual strengths and challenges, enabling more targeted support.
Code‐Related Activities and Their Association With Early Literacy Skills: A Scoping Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Castillo‐Rabanal Isidora , Heitmayer Maxi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLiteracy skills are acquired during childhood through ‘code‐related activities’, which are interactions and practices that directly engage children with written words. This study presents a scoping review and meta‐analysis of 18 peer‐reviewed articles that explore the relationship between these code‐related activities and early literacy skills. The analysis revealed a diverse range of samples, with participants from 12 countries speaking 10 different languages. However, many studies exhibited significant gaps in demographic information, omitting crucial details such as socioeconomic status, the number of languages spoken by children, the presence of disabilities, and which parent participated in the study. All studies utilised questionnaires to gather data; however, the content of these instruments varied significantly and often focused on limited reading resources. Despite these limitations, a small but significant positive correlation was found between code‐related activities and early literacy skills. The analysis also highlighted high heterogeneity and potential bias, which may be attributed to inconsistencies in measurement across the studies. In conclusion, while there is evidence suggesting a link between code‐related activities and early literacy skills, more thorough and comprehensive research is needed to better understand the influence of the home literacy environment. Future studies should aim to address the existing demographic and methodological gaps to provide a clearer picture of this relationship across diverse populations.
Severity of Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Depends on Microglial Heme Oxygenase‐1 and Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Kaiser Sandra , Fritsch Anna , Jakob Lena , Schallner Nils 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injury is one of the most common cerebral incidences worldwide. Repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries occurring, for example, in athletes or victims of abuse, can cause chronic neurodegeneration due to neuroinflammation, in which the crosstalk between reactive astrocytes and activated microglia is crucial for modulating neuronal damage. The inducible enzyme heme oxygenase‐1 and its product carbon monoxide are known to be ascribed neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory properties. We caused repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries in wild‐type mice compared to mice without microglial heme oxygenase‐1 expression. Additionally, mice were treated daily with either air or carbon monoxide exogenously. In wild‐type mice, we observed enhanced microglia activation and astrogliosis as well as vasodilation after repetitive trauma. In heme oxygenase‐1 knockout mice, we observed enhanced activation of microglia and astrocytes at baseline pretrauma with a lack of an adequate inflammatory response to repetitive injury. However, the knockout led to enhanced NF‐κB and IFNγ expression in the post‐trauma period. Carbon monoxide exerted neuroprotection, as suggested by reduced wake‐up times in mice and by beneficially altering inflammation post‐traumatic brain injury. This study further underlines the crucial role of the heme oxygenase‐1/carbon monoxide system in the modulation of neuronal damage and the associated neuroinflammatory response after repetitive traumatic brain injury.
A Novel Rat Model for Inflammatory Gut–Brain Interactions in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kendall Grace E. , Underwood Conor F. , Parr‐Brownlie Louise C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGut inflammation is a salient prodromal feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) implicated in pathologic processes leading to nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration. However, existing rodent models of PD are suboptimal for investigating the interaction between gut inflammation and neuropathology. This study aimed to develop a rat model of PD in which gut inflammation exacerbated PD symptoms induced by a parkinsonian lesion. This was achieved by combining the 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) rat model for PD and the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) rat model for colitis. The model was characterised using behavioural tests, including reaching, step, gait, open‐field and cylinder tests, plus stereological quantification of substantia nigra (SN) DA neurodegeneration, and histological analysis of SN microglial activation and distal colon morphology. The combination of 6‐OHDA and DSS resulted in greater stool softening and bleeding, shorter colons and greater distal colon histological damage, when compared with the 6‐OHDA model. Additionally, 6‐OHDA and DSS rats displayed similar DA neurodegeneration, yet less SN microglial activation, when compared to 6‐OHDA rats that did not receive DSS. Finally, DSS + 6‐OHDA rats exhibited impaired forelimb motor function compared with 6‐OHDA rats, with decreased performance in reaching and step tests. In conclusion, DSS administration exacerbated forelimb motor dysfunction in 6‐OHDA rats. Behavioural changes in DSS + 6‐OHDA rats were associated with lower levels of microglial activation and similar levels of dopamine depletion compared with 6‐OHDA‐only rats. These results support that the DSS + 6‐OHDA rat model is a promising PD animal model to investigate deleterious gut–brain interactions in PD.
Seasonal Mineralisation of Organic Matter in Alpine Soils and Responses to Global Warming: An In Vitro Approach
Authors: Bonfanti Nicolas , Clement Jean‐Christophe , Millery‐Vigues Annie , Münkemüller Tamara , Perrette Yves , Poulenard Jérôme 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMountains are particularly vulnerable to climate change, as they are warming at a rate that exceeds the global average, significantly impacting cold‐adapted ecosystems. In these environments, soil organic matter (SOM) stocks are often considerably larger than at lower elevations. These stocks are therefore highly susceptible to global warming and the associated risk of greenhouse gas (GHG) (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) emissions driven by temperature‐induced increases in SOM mineralisation. In order to quantify these emissions and the change of mineralisation rates under warming, it is necessary to gain an understanding of the annual mineralisation balance. We investigated how warming impacts the duration and intensity of mineralisation in different seasons. The main aim of this study is to quantify alpine SOM mineralisation rates and GHG production under a range of seasonal conditions, including those associated with warming. An in vitro approach was employed to expose alpine topsoils (0–10 cm) to the conditions of key seasonal periods: snow cover, growing season and rainfall/snowmelt. This was achieved by experimentally varying temperature and inflow of precipitation water. Additionally, the soil samples were subjected to a temperature increase of 4°C. The short‐term responses of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mineralisation and GHG production were monitored. The results demonstrated that alpine soil respiration rates exhibited a twofold increase with a 4°C warming, while the relative proportion of labile SOM demonstrated a decline with rising temperatures. Water saturation from simulated rain and snowmelt played a crucial role in organic matter mineralisation and increased the mineralisation of carbon (+12% to +53%), nitrogen (+20% to +80% of net ammonification) and phosphorus (+50% of net phosphate production). This suggests that nutrients present in the snowpack or the rain were added to the soil. In contrast, soil–water saturation decreased net nitrate production by between 10% and 90%. The results of this study highlight the potential for alpine soil warming to release labile SOM and demonstrate the influence of the snow regime on nutrient and carbon fluxes.
A Review of Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra Forssk.) Establishment Methods in Temperate Australia
Authors: Durnin Marne , Prober Suzanne , Marschner Petra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTKangaroo grass (Themeda triandra Forssk.) is a widespread summer‐active native tussock grass that has been removed from many ecosystems through overgrazing, absence of fire or changes in land use. This review of kangaroo grass establishment trials in temperate Australia shows that it can be established from seed, but success varies depending on season, preparation of the area to be sown, sowing rates and methods, and especially on controlling competition from other plants until the kangaroo grass is large enough to suppress them. Controlling exotic plants before sowing kangaroo grass using physical, ecological or chemical methods has been effective but is often not enough to allow the kangaroo grass to establish well. Exotic plants emerging from the soil seed or bud bank after kangaroo grass emerges, have led to project failures or prevented kangaroo grass from thriving. Research will help us learn how to control exotic competitors, especially which methods to use and when. Furthermore, most methods of establishing kangaroo grass have been suited to small areas of up to several hectares, and broadacre methods need research and development. Given that seed is typically expensive or in short supply, efficient use of seed is essential; better ways to label, clean and sow the seeds of kangaroo grass are needed. The provenance of kangaroo grass seed is also important when used for ecological restoration as, broadly, plants with two chromosome sets (i.e., diploid) are better adapted to cooler/wetter regions and plants with four chromosome sets (i.e., tetraploid) are more suited to hotter/drier areas.
Exploring Damage and Penetration in Soft Armors Under Ballistic Impact Through a Novel and Efficient 3D Peridynamic Model
Authors: Abdoh Daud Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on improving soft body armor design for military and law enforcement personnel by developing a robust numerical model to simulate its response to projectile impacts. We introduce a novel and efficient 3D peridynamic model to simulate penetration and deformation in soft body armor fibers. The 3D peridynamic model overcomes the deficiency of using mesh‐based methods to simulate the excessive deformation of soft armor fibers. We confirm the validity and efficiency of the 3D peridynamic model by comparing its predictions with experimental and numerical results. After validation, the model assesses armor performance under various conditions, including bullet types and velocities. Results show that Kevlar armor with a 0.4‐mm thickness can stop bullets with impact velocities below 200 m/s but is ineffective against higher‐velocity bullets. The 3D peridynamic model can be utilized in armor optimization for military and law enforcement agencies regarding armor selection based on threat levels.
Norma Peralta. The Story of a Pioneer of the Accounting Academy in Chile
Authors: Restrepo Quintero Katherine , González Valles Gabriela Alejandra , Benítez Reyes Damaris Nayelli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe literature on gender and accounting has focused on the participation of women in the accounting profession, documenting the barriers to entry, the problems of professional promotion, and issues related to gender roles, which shows a lack of historical works that narrate the life experiences of women within the accounting academy, particularly in Chile. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to tell the story of Professor Norma Peralta, who was one of the first women to graduate from undergraduate studies and enter the accounting academy in the case of the Universidad Santiago de Chile (USACH). This work of historical reconstruction gathered information through various conversations with Norma and interviews that have documented her passage through the academy from its beginnings until her retirement from her Alma Mater, which helps to show the contribution in the field of accounting education made by this pioneer.
ETHICS FOR ARTIFICIAL HISTORIANS
Authors: Hughes‐Warrington Marnie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial historians do not need to have intentions to complete actions or to solve problems. Consequently, a revised approach to the ethics of history is needed. An approach to ethics for artificial historians can be proposed through the recognition of historiographical logic, which is a hybrid of modal, propositional, and erotetic (question‐based) types. Looking to examples of texts produced by artificial and human historians, I argue that this hybrid historiographical logic is seen at play in what Jo Guldi has called “signal” (which can denote both the focus and interpretation of historians) and I call “healthy noise,” or metadiscursive question‐begging and possible world generation. Together, the signal and noise of histories generate an ethical stance of openness toward the possibilities of new evidence from the past, new ways of interpreting that evidence, and new combinations of signal and noise. Recognizing the potential presence of this logic in modal‐propositional‐erotetic statements about the past in a wide range of texts, I argue for the recognition of historiographical logic as broadly useful for AI and specifically useful for the discipline. This historiographical and logical turn facilitates stepping beyond treating ethics as the generation of lists of principles that may fail in application and toward recognizing particular forms of logic as indicating ethically beneficent outcomes. This shift may facilitate the detection and deterrence of histories shaped by logics that indicate ethically maleficent outcomes.
Refractory monolithics as a containment of CaCl2–KCl–NaCl eutectic ternary chloride salt mixture for solar thermal storage
Authors: Nath Mithun , Yang Xingyu , Liao Ning , Li Yawei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSolar thermal technologies are sustainable, relatively safer, and cost‐effective renewable energy supplies. Theoretically, the efficiency of solar thermal power plants increases with increasing working temperatures. Solar thermal power plants hardly exceed the operating temperature of 500°C due to various limitations, such as the degradation of their components and linings (mainly alloys). In this paper, a recently proposed cost‐effective high‐temperature chloride salt mixture that can operate up to 750°C was tested against refractory monolithics (castables) as containment materials. Low‐cement castables (LCC,a type of monolithic refractory) were designed to meet the desired chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. The interaction between the refractory monolithics and the energy storage materials (molten chloride salt mixture) was investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy‐energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopic analysis (SEM‐EDS), and so on. The castables designed with mullite aggregates (M) have more impurities and thermal conductivity but lower porosity than hibonite aggregates (B). Negligible salt corrosion and minimal penetration were observed for both samples, but sample B did not show refractory contamination in salt.
Intraoperative tumor capsule injury in patients with renal cell carcinoma receiving partial nephrectomy
Authors: Shimizu Takuto , Miyake Makito , Ichikawa Kazuki , Nishimura Nobutaka , Tomizawa Mitsuru , Onishi Kenta , Hori Shunta , Morizawa Yosuke , Gotoh Daisuke , Nakai Yasushi , Torimoto Kazumasa , Yoneda Tatsuo , Fujii Tomomi , Tanaka Nobumichi , Fujimoto Kiyohide 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveWe investigated the impact of intraoperative tumor capsule injury (TCI) during robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) or laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) on oncological outcomes, as well as underlying factors of intraoperative TCI for improving surgical outcomes.MethodsA total of 253 patients who underwent RAPN or LPN between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and were divided into two groups: non‐TCI and TCI groups. The background was compared between two groups. We investigated the surgical records or video to evaluate TCI and seek the possible causes for TCI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors for cancer recurrence.ResultsOf the 253 patients, 227 have renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with 29 patients having TCI. The TCI group had larger tumors, a lower rate of trifecta achievement, higher bleeding, higher T stage, and a lower rate of clear cell RCC (ccRCC) histological types as compared to non‐TCI group. Disease recurrence rate was 13.8% with TCI and 1.0% with non‐TCI (odds ratio 15.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.73–90.1; p = 0.003). Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed TCI as an independent prognostic factor for disease‐free survival. Compared with ccRCC, non‐clear cell RCC (non‐ccRCC) was found to have a higher probability of TCI and a significantly thinner capsule thickness on pathological evaluation.ConclusionTCI had a negative impact on oncological outcomes. Surgeons should consider thickness of tumor capsules, especially in cases with non‐ccRCC, to minimize the risk of TCI during partial nephrectomy.
Empathy and Mentalizing of Mental Health Nurses: A Cross‐Sectional Correlational Study
Authors: Free Gieke , Swildens Wilma , Hoogendoorn Adriaan , Beekman Aartjan , van Meijel Berno 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn mental healthcare, therapists' empathy and mentalizing are associated with better opportunities to establish positive working relations with patients. The present study aimed to explore mental health nurses' level of empathy and mentalizing (compared with reference groups studying or working in different contexts), the association between mental health nurses' level of empathy and mentalizing and sociodemographic characteristics of these nurses, and the association between mental health nurses' level of empathy and mentalizing. A cross‐sectional design was used in adherence with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. The 28‐item Empathy Quotient was used to investigate empathy, and the 28‐item Mentalisation Scale was used to assess mentalizing. One hundred and seven mental health nurses working in different work‐intensity settings (intensive and intermittent‐intensive) participated in the study. Our analyses showed that mental health nurses had statistically significantly higher levels of empathy and mentalizing than the matched reference groups. They also showed that most mental health nurses' demographic characteristics were not statistically significantly associated with their level of empathy and mentalizing: not with age, years of work experience, or educational level. Only two aspects were statistically significantly associated: female gender (for higher levels of empathy and mentalizing) and practicing in an intermittent‐intensive work setting (for higher scores on the subscale ‘Motivation’ of the Mentalisation Scale). Furthermore, empathy and mentalizing of mental health nurses were strongly associated and also emerged as two partly overlapping concepts. We conclude that mental health educational institutions and supervisors could pay extra attention to the aspects of gender and work situation concerning mental health nurses' mentalizing and empathy in patient relations.