bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle and subsequent meningioma in childhood cancer survivors: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort study
Authors: Onerup Aron , Mirzaei S. Sedigheh , Bhatia Shalini , Ware Megan E. , Joffe Lenat , Turcotte Lucie M. , Goodenough Chelsea G. , Sapkota Yadav , Dixon Stephanie B. , Wogksch Matthew D. , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Hudson Melissa M. , Ness Kirsten K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundLifestyle is associated with meningioma risk in the general population.AimsWe assessed longitudinal associations between lifestyle‐associated factors and subsequent meningiomas in childhood cancer survivors.Methods and resultsChildhood cancer survivors age ≥18 years in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study were evaluated for body composition, self‐reported physical activity, cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle strength, smoking, and alcohol consumption at baseline. Time to first meningioma analyses were performed, adjusted for sex, age at diagnosis and baseline assessment, treatment decade, and childhood cancer treatment exposures. The study included 4,072 survivors (47% female; [mean (SD)] 9 (6) years at diagnosis; 30 (8.5) years at the start of follow‐up, with 7.0 (3.3) years of follow‐up). 30% of the participants were survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 29% of the participants had received cranial radiation. During follow‐up, 90 participants developed ≥1 meningioma, of whom 73% were survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with cranial radiation being the strongest risk factor (relative risk [RR] 29.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.6‐83.2). Muscle strength assessed by knee extension was associated with a lower risk of developing a meningioma in the adjusted analyses (RR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2‐1.0, p = 0.04 for quartiles 3‐4 vs. 1). No other lifestyle‐associated variable was associated with subsequent meningioma.ConclusionIndependent of cranial radiation, muscle strength was associated with a lower risk of developing a subsequent meningioma in childhood cancer survivors.
Two‐Dimensional Tetragonal Transition Metal Chalcogenides for High Performance Oxygen Evolution and Reduction: A DFT Study
Authors: Cheng Yumeng , Zhou Jia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe pursuit of high‐performance bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution/reduction (OER/ORR) has gained significant attention in the field of electrochemical water splitting and fuel cells. In this study, we employed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate a series of 2D tetragonal TMX (TM=transition metal, X=S, Se, Te) monolayers as potential bifunctional electrocatalysts for OER/ORR. To evaluate the overall performance of OER electrocatalysts, we introduced a descriptor, Gmax. The Gmax values obtained for tetragonal CdS, CdSe, FeSe, NiSe, and NiTe monolayers were all below 1.0 V, indicative of their superior catalytic activity and selectivity. Moreover, NiSe displayed remarkable ORR capability with an overpotential (ηORR) of 0.53 V. Based on the bifunctional index (BI), the catalytic activity ranking for the bifunctional catalysts is as follows: NiSe>NiTe>FeSe>CdS>CdSe>NiS>TiSe>ZnTe. These findings provide an insightful understanding of the electrocatalytic properties of 2D tetragonal TMX monolayers for OER/ORR, opening avenues for the future development of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts based on 2D tetragonal transition metal chalcogenides.
A First‐Principles Study of Anion Doping in LiFePO4 Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Kong Xiangpeng , Fan Zhiwei , Ding Shujiang , Rong Qiang , Su Yaqiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDoping anions into LiFePO4 can improve the electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion batteries. In this study, structures, electronic properties and Li‐ion migration of anion (F−, Cl−, and S2−) doping into LiFePO4 were systematically investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. Anion substitution for oxygen atoms leads to an expansion of the LiFePO4 lattice, significantly facilitating Li‐ion diffusion. For Cl− and F− anion doped into LiFePO4, the energy barrier of Li‐ion migration gets lowered to 0.209 eV and 0.283 eV from 0.572 eV. The introduction of anions narrows the forbidden band of LiFePO4, enhancing its electronic conductivity. This work pays a way towards the rational design of high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries.
CW or Pulsed laser – That is the Question: Comparative Steady‐state Photocrystallographic Analysis of Metal Nitrosyl Linkage Isomers
Authors: Hasil Asma , Konieczny Krzysztof A. , Mikhailov Artem , Pillet Sébastien , Schaniel Dominik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe investigation of photo‐induced effects is profoundly influenced by the characteristics of photo‐excitation sources. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the structures of two photoinduced linkage isomers (PLI) in a ruthenium nitrosyl complex, trans‐[Ru(py)4F(NO)](ClO4)2, following irradiation with both pulsed and continuous wave (CW) light sources under low temperature conditions. The X‐ray (photo)diffraction analysis shows that the resulting PLI generated from the two types of irradiation sources, an isonitrosyl configuration of the nitrosyl ligand in the so‐called metastable state MS1, and a side‐on configuration of the nitrosyl ligand in the metastable state MS2, are identical. In‐situ optical absorption spectroscopy was employed during CW and pulsed irradiation, enabling the monitoring of the population process of these PLI. The results obtained from the infrared spectroscopic analysis after pulsed irradiation give insight into the population mechanism illustrating that the generation of the isonitrosyl MS1 occurs through a two‐step process, via the second PLI, the side‐on configuration MS2.
Synthesis of Piperidine‐based Derivatives as Red Emitting Lu‐minescent Materials
Authors: Wang Zhao , Guo Ranran , Wu Junliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic fluorescent materials have become increasingly attractive due to the requirements of green chemistry. In this study, the synthetic route of piperidine‐based fluorescent materials was optimized with good to excellent yields. 37 fluorescent compounds were achieved with emission wavelength at 540–670 nm and chromogenic changed from green to standard red. The fluorescence quantum yields of 5 a, 5 ab, and 5 af were 1.96 %, 0.97 %, and 5.13 %, respectively. The relationship between the structure and luminescent properties has also been systematically discussed. This work presents the possibility of utilizing piperidine analogues to develop fluorescent probes in biological imaging, display devices and other related fields.
The integration of environmental, social and governance criteria in portfolio optimization: An empirical analysis
Authors: Abate Guido , Basile Ignazio , Ferrari Pierpaolo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe increasing interest of investors in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues has prompted asset managers to develop new approaches to strategic asset allocation that can effectively integrate ESG factors into the optimization process. This study reviews the main techniques of the most recent ESG‐efficient portfolio optimization models. Furthermore, this study conducts an empirical investigation to identify the impact of ESG constraints on mean–variance efficient allocations, and extends existing approaches by incorporating a downside risk framework. Our findings reveal that social and combined ESG ratings mitigate the negative skewness of portfolio returns, and that ESG rating, environmental rating, social rating, and combined ESG rating allow the sustainable investor to incur lower transaction costs.
Improved geographic opportunistic routing protocol for void hole elimination in underwater IoTs: Parameter tuning by TSA optimization
Authors: Simon Judy , Kapileswar Nellore , Phani Kumar Polasi , Aarthi Elaveini Mathiyalakendran 
Published: November 2023

SummaryUnderwater IoT is incredibly helpful in monitoring a variety of jobs, from instrument monitoring to climate recording, from pollution management to natural catastrophe forecasting. Nevertheless, there exist various issues that have an impact on a network's efficiency such as the formation of void holes, excessive EC, and low PDR. As a result, the IGOR protocol is suggested in this study to increase PDR by reducing the percentage of void hole occurrence. The developed routing protocols' scalability is also examined. Here, the parameter optimization for the EC minimization and PDR maximization is performed by a meta‐heuristic optimization algorithm referred to as TSA. In order to verify that the suggested protocol is EC‐optimal by calculating the viable areas. In addition, suggested protocols are evaluated against contemporaries' benchmark routing protocols. The outcomes of the simulations clearly demonstrate that the suggested routing protocols obtained greater PDR than the current techniques. Additionally, there exists a reduction in the ratio of void hole incidence. Comparative research reveals that suggested routing protocols outperformed benchmark routing protocols by 80–81% in PDR. Further, the suggested routing procedures reduced the frequency of void holes by around 30%.
Efficacy and safety of fixed‐ratio combination insulin degludec/liraglutide in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Wang Rui , Luo Shuoming , Xiao Zilin , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy and safety of fixed‐ratio combination insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were extensively investigated by the global DUAL trials. However, the evidence on its efficacy and safety in T2DM has not been systematically reviewed.MethodsRandomized controlled trials published in English that compared IDegLira with placebo or GLP‐1 agonists or insulin in patients with T2DM were selected up to December 2022. Data on the study characteristics, efficacy and safety outcomes were extracted. We compared the efficacy and safety between “IDegLira versus Insulin,” “IDegLira versus GLP‐1RA,” and “IDegLira versus Placebo”. The risk of potential bias was assessed.ResultsIn terms of glycaemic efficacy, IDegLira reduced levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; weighted mean differences (WMDs) 0.52%, 95% CI 0.33%–0.71%); fasting blood glucose (0.32 mg/dL, 0.14–0.50 mg/dL), and the nine‐point self‐measured plasma glucose (0.25 mmol/L, 0.25–0.36 mmol/L). Furthermore, IDegLira was generally better in the attainment of HbA1c < 7.0% or ≤6.5%, HbA1c < 7.0% or ≤6.5% without weight gain and/or without severe or blood glucose‐confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes. In non‐glycaemic efficacy aspects, IDegLira decreased systolic blood pressure but elevated heart rate. In terms of safety outcomes, IDegLira did not appear to be associated with a risk of hypoglycaemia (RR 1.23, 0.85–1.78) and nocturnal hypoglycaemia (0.89, 0.52–1.52) occurring when compared with other hypoglycaemic agents or placebo.ConclusionsIDegLira improves better glycaemic and non‐glycaemic outcomes without weight gain and/or without severe or blood glucose‐confirmed hypoglycaemic episodes in T2DM. Side effects of IDegLira are mild.
Fluctuation of ecological niches and geographic range shifts along chile pepper's domestication gradient
Authors: Martínez‐Ainsworth Natalia E. , Scheppler Hannah , Moreno‐Letelier Alejandra , Bernau Vivian , Kantar Michael B. , Mercer Kristin L. , Jardón‐Barbolla Lev 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDomestication is an ongoing well‐described process. However, while many have studied the changes domestication causes in plant genetics, few have explored its impact on the portion of the geographic landscape in which the plants exist. Therefore, the goal of this study was to understand how the process of domestication changed the geographic space suitable for chile pepper (Capsicum annuum) in its center of origin (domestication). C. annuum is a major crop species globally whose center of domestication, Mexico, has been well‐studied. It provides a unique opportunity to explore the degree to which ranges of different domestication classes diverged and how these ranges might be altered by climate change. To this end, we created ecological niche models for four domestication classes (wild, semiwild, landrace, modern cultivar) based on present climate and future climate scenarios for 2050, 2070, and 2090. Considering present environment, we found substantial overlap in the geographic niches of all the domestication classes. Yet, environmental and geographic aspects of the current ranges did vary among classes. Wild and commercial varieties could grow in desert conditions, while landraces could not. With projections into the future, habitat was lost asymmetrically, with wild, semiwild, and landraces at greater risk of territorial declines than modern cultivars. Further, we identified areas where future suitability overlap between landraces and wilds is expected to be lost. While range expansion is widely associated with domestication, we found little support of a constant niche expansion (either in environmental or geographical space) throughout the domestication gradient in chile peppers in Mexico. Instead, particular domestication transitions resulted in loss, followed by capturing or recapturing environmental or geographic space. The differences in environmental characterization among domestication gradient classes and their future potential range shifts increase the need for conservation efforts to preserve landraces and semiwild genotypes.
Assessing the impacts of recreation on the spatial and temporal activity of mammals in an isolated alpine protected area
Authors: Fennell Mitchell J. E. , Ford Adam T. , Martin Tara G. , Burton A. Cole 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe management objectives of many protected areas must meet the dual mandates of protecting biodiversity while providing recreational opportunities. It is difficult to balance these mandates because it takes considerable effort to monitor both the status of biodiversity and impacts of recreation. Using detections from 45 camera traps deployed between July 2019 and September 2021, we assessed the potential impacts of recreation on spatial and temporal activity for 8 medium‐ and large‐bodied terrestrial mammals in an isolated alpine protected area: Cathedral Provincial Park, British Columbia, Canada. We hypothesised that some wildlife perceive a level of threat from people, such that they avoid ‘risky times’ or ‘risky places’ associated with human activity. Other species may benefit from associating with people, be it through access to anthropogenic resource subsidies or filtering of competitors/predators that are more human‐averse (i.e., human shield hypothesis). Specifically, we predicted that large carnivores would show the greatest segregation from people while mesocarnivores and ungulates would associate spatially with people. We found spatial co‐occurrence between ungulates and recreation, consistent with the human shield hypothesis, but did not see the predicted negative relationship between larger carnivores and humans, except for coyotes (Canis latrans). Temporally, all species other than cougars (Puma concolor) had diel activity patterns significantly different from that of recreationists, suggesting potential displacement in the temporal niche. Wolves (Canis lupus) and mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) showed shifts in temporal activity away from people on recreation trails relative to off‐trail areas, providing further evidence of potential displacement. Our results highlight the importance of monitoring spatial and temporal interactions between recreation activities and wildlife communities, in order to ensure the effectiveness of protected areas in an era of increasing human impacts.
Isotopic niche overlap among foraging marine turtle species in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Weber Savannah , Cullen Joshua A. , Fuentes Mariana M. P. B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSympatric species may overlap in their use of habitat and dietary resources, which can increase competition. Comparing the ecological niches and quantifying the degree of niche overlap among these species can provide insights into the extent of resource overlap. This information can be used to guide multispecies management approaches tailored to protect priority habitats that offer the most resources for multiple species. Stable isotope analysis is a valuable tool used to investigate spatial and trophic niches, though few studies have employed this method for comparisons among sympatric marine turtle species. For this study, stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope values from epidermis tissue were used to quantify isotopic overlap and compare isotopic niche size in loggerhead (Caretta caretta), green (Chelonia mydas), and Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) turtles sampled from a shared foraging area located offshore of Crystal River, Florida, USA. Overall, the results revealed high degrees of isotopic overlap (>68%) among species, particularly between loggerhead and Kemp's ridley turtles (85 to 91%), which indicates there may be interspecific competition for resources. Samples from green turtles had the widest range of isotopic values, indicating they exhibit higher variability in diet and habitat type. Samples from loggerhead turtles had the most enriched mean δ34S, suggesting they may forage in slightly different micro‐environments compared with the other species. Finally, samples from Kemp's ridley turtles exhibited the smallest niche size, which is indicative of a narrower use of resources. This is one of the first studies to investigate resource use in a multispecies foraging aggregation of marine turtles using three isotopic tracers. These findings provide a foundation for future research into the foraging ecology of sympatric marine turtle species and can be used to inform effective multispecies management efforts.
Latitudinal trends in mating system traits in the highly self‐fertilizing Lobelia inflata revealed by community science
Authors: Coffey Matthew L. , Simons Andrew M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMating systems in angiosperms range from obligate outcrossing to highly self‐fertilizing. The belief that obligate selfing does not exist is contradicted by genetic evidence in several populations of L. inflata, in which selfing is enforced by the anthers enclosing the style. However, whether the mating systems of these populations are typical, or an extreme across the species range is unknown. Such trends are hypothesized to result from selection for reproductive assurance under mate limitation at range margins. Here, we use ~7500 iNaturalist community science images, in which stylar exsertion can be observed, to test this hypothesis in L. inflata and, for comparison, in four typical congeneric Lobelias that express a staminate, then a pistillate phase (protandry). Specifically, we analyzed the effects of latitude and range marginality on the frequency of stylar exsertion and number of exserted flowers. Outcrossing capacity in L. inflata increased at low latitudes and near the overall range center, supporting our hypothesis, with exsertion frequencies significantly lower than in congenerics. Interestingly, in outcrossing capable individuals, the number of style‐exserted flowers was consistent across the species range and among species, indicating outcrossing capable L. inflata individuals resemble congenerics. These findings suggest that variation in stylar exsertion is expressed among individuals rather than by all individuals within populations. However, whether this is a result of differences in exsertion allele frequencies or of differentiation in the induction of a threshold trait requires further study. Moreover, the trends in outcrossing capability revealed here imply the potential for geographic variation in L. inflata mating system.
Rapid detection of subterranean fauna from passive sampling of groundwater eDNA
Authors: van der Heyde Mieke , Alexander Jason , Nevill Paul , Austin Andy D. , Stevens Nicholas , Jones Matt , Guzik Michelle T. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGroundwater is an essential source of freshwater that supports surface ecosystems as well as organisms adapted to living underground. The impacts of anthropogenic climate change, extraction, and pollution pose major threats to groundwater ecosystem health, prompting a need for efficient and reliable means to detect and monitor subterranean faunal communities. Conventional survey of subterranean fauna relies on the collection of organisms for morphological identification, which can be biased, labor intensive, and often indeterminate at lower taxonomic levels. Environmental DNA (eDNA)‐based methods can dramatically improve on stygofaunal surveys, but currently rely on time consuming active water filtration that limits the number of samples that can be processed. Passive eDNA sampling, which involves submersion of absorbent material (e.g. filter membrane, sponge etc.) into the sampled environment for a fixed period, has shown promise as a viable alternative to active filtration in aquatic ecosystems and may be applicable to groundwater systems. Here, we compared groundwater eDNA collected from active pump filtered water samples, membranes submerged in water for 10 min and 24 h, and haul‐net samples morphologically identified from bores at two geographically distinct locations in Western Australia. Our results show that while the relative abundance of eDNA in groundwater (measured through qPCR) is 100–800 times lower in passive samples, the species richness detected is comparable between passive and active eDNA collection. Additionally, standard metabarcoding assays (18S and COI) of passive eDNA samples detected most subterranean orders identified morphologically (12/17), and this proportion may be improved with increased sampling and application of DNA extraction methods that increase DNA yield. Our findings demonstrate that passive eDNA sample collection is a non‐invasive survey method with the potential to improve the efficiency and replication level of stygofaunal surveys but will benefit from further development.
Analysis of interference of electromagnetic noise in an electric compressor for vehicle air‐conditioning systems with an integrated mechanical and electrical structure
Authors: Uda Iori , Ogasawara Satoshi , Orikawa Koji , Kobayashi Koji , Yoshida Hiroshi , Kashihara Tatsuki , Takada Kohei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince a motor drive system contains an inverter (high‐voltage circuit) and gate drive circuits (low‐voltage circit) with a switching regulator, electromagnetic noise is generated in each of these two circuits, and noise interference between these circuits can occur. This paper discusses noise interference between the high‐ and low‐voltage circuits of an electric compressor system with an integrated mechanical and electrical structure. Analysis using LTspice shows that the experimental and analytical results are in good agreement when a very small stray capacitance occurs between the high‐ and low‐voltage circuits. An experiment using an actual compressor showed that conducted noise above 20 MHz can be reduced by up to 10 dB by reducing the effect of stray capacitance between these circuits.