bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonographically diagnosed pelvic hematomas and postcesarean febrile morbidity
Authors: Gemer O , Shenhav S , Segal S , Harari D , Segal O , Zohav E 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the incidence of ultrasonographically‐diagnosed postcesarean hematomas and correlate their presence with febrile morbidity. Methods: Prospective study of 111 consecutive patients who had a pelvic ultrasound 4–6 days post‐operatively. Ultrasonographic findings were correlated with clinical data. Results: Post‐operative fever was diagnosed in 28 (25%) patients. Fifteen (13.5%) women had hematomas; 10 (9%) had bladder‐flap and five (4.5%) had subfascial hematomas. Only subfascial hematomas were significantly associated with post‐operative fever (P=0.01). Conclusions: Postcesarean bladder‐flap hematomas are not predictive of post‐operative fever. The presence of subfascial hematomas should be specifically sought in the evaluation of a febrile postcesarean patient.
Timing of suicide attempts by self‐poisoning during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Czeizel A.E , Tı́már L , Susánszky É 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to examine the timing and consequences of suicide attempts by self‐poisoning during pregnancy. Methods: A population‐based prospective study was organised in the toxicological in‐patient hospital in Budapest which is responsible for health services for adult inhabitants poisoned by ingesting chemicals in Budapest and the surrounding area involving 3 million people between 1985 and 1993. All women aged between 16 and 50 years (22 969) who were admitted to the study hospital due to suicide attempts by drug ingestion were examined by a sensitive serum pregnancy test. Results: Of 559 self‐poisoned pregnant women, two died. The peak period of suicide attempts was found to be in the first postconceptual month and its majority resulted in a very early fetal loss. The second highest figure was recorded in the second postconceptual month. Thus, 61% of suicide attempts occurred before the third postconceptual month. Later pregnancies had a significantly lower proportion of attempting suicide parallel with advanced fetal development. Conclusions: Most suicide attempts by self‐poisoning occurred after the early recognition of unwanted pregnancies and most resulted in a very early fetal loss. Pregnancies with advanced gestation months had a significantly lower proportion of attempting suicide.
Factors affecting the contraceptive choice in a developing country
Authors: Ozalp S , Yalcin O.T , Hassa H , Erbay B , Dalan N 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the factors affecting the contraceptive choice of women in a developing country. Methods: Demographic characteristics, education and income level, previous and current contraceptive choices of the women from a maternity and a university hospital were retrospectively reviewed for 2 years. The data obtained from the two hospitals were analyzed by Student's t‐ and χ2‐tests. Results: Family planning services were offered to 651 and 7427 women in the university and the maternity hospital, respectively. Although the mean ages and income levels of the women in two centers were similar, the women in the university hospital had lower mean gravidity and mean number of living child, while they had higher education level and previous modern contraceptive use (P<0.05–0.001). The women in the university hospital more frequently preferred combined oral contraceptive and surgical sterilization, while those in the maternity hospital chose condom and intrauterine device (P<0.01–0.001). Conclusions: Women with higher education level had a lower number of pregnancies and living children due to more frequent use of previous effective contraception and they chose combined oral contraceptives and irreversible methods more frequently.
Estrogen therapy for depression in postmenopausal women
Authors: Carranza‐Lira S , Valentino‐Figueroa M.L 
Published: April 2003

AbstractObjective: To look at the modification in depressive mood in postmenopausal depressed women after estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). Method: Twelve depressed patients divided into two groups of six women each were studied. One group received conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) 0.625 mg/day; the other did not receive any treatment (control group). Mood was assessed in all the subjects at baseline and at 6 months with Hamilton Rating Scale score and considered as depression when it was >15. Differences between groups were determined by Mann–Whitney U‐test, and in each group between baseline and 6‐month values with Wilcoxon test. Results: The ERT group had a statistically significant decrease in depressive mood (21 vs. 13 points, P<0.03), while in the control group no significant change was found. Final Hamilton scale scores were significantly lower (P<0.05) in those under ERT, when compared with those in the control group. Conclusion: Depressive mood decreased after 6 months with CEE, so the prescription of ERT can be useful in postmenopausal women with depressive mood.
S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in a feline acetaminophen model of oxidative injury
Authors: Webb CB , Twedt DC , Fettman MJ , Mason G 
Published: April 2003

S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is reported to have hepatoprotective and antioxidant functions. Acetaminophen (paracetamol) was used to induce oxidative damage in cats, and to then determine the effect of SAMe treatment on erythrocyte morphology, PCV, liver histopathology, thiobarbituate reacting substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidised glutathione (GSSG). Cats receiving acetaminophen had a significant increase in methemoglobin and Heinz body production. A significant effect for the interaction of time and treatment was found for Heinz body production and changes in PCV. No significant changes were found in blood or hepatic TBARS. Blood GSH increased significantly in all cats, while the blood GSH:GSSG ratio tended to increase the most in cats given acetaminophen only. The hepatic GSH:GSSG ratio tended to increase in cats given SAMe and decrease in cats given acetaminophen, but this effect was not significant. SAMe protected erythrocytes from oxidative damage by limiting Heinz body formation and erythrocyte destruction and maybe useful in treating acetaminophen toxicity.
Seed chitinases
Authors: Gomez L. , Allona I. , Casado R. , Aragoncillo C. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractSpecific chitinases accumulate in seeds of many species as part of their normal developmental programme. Some chitinases can also be induced in developing and germinating seeds in response to microbial attack. All known seed isoforms belong to classes I, II, IV and VII, which are encoded byChiagenes, as well as to the more divergent class III encoded byChibgenes. The study of seed-specific chitinases has contributed significantly to current knowledge of this ubiquitous protein family, including antifungal properties, structure, specificity and catalytic mechanism. Indeed, the first plant chitinase for which a three-dimensional structure was solved had been isolated from barley seeds. Moreover, the finding that a chitinase could rescue a somatic embryo mutant was the first evidence of a non-defensive function. Several lines of evidence have substantiated the biotechnological potential of chitinases to counter plant fungal disease. The recent identification of several seed and fruit chitinases as major panallergens should be taken into account when selecting the genes to be introduced into food crops.
Effects of light, temperature and population variability on the germination of seven Spanish pines
Authors: Escudero A. , Pérez-García F. , Luzuriaga A. L. 
Published: April 2003

AbstractMostPinusspecies are obligate seeders. Thus, knowledge of germination characteristics can help in the understanding, prediction and manipulation of the regeneration and dynamics of pine forests. Seven pine species with contrasting habitat preferences and different genetic pairwise distances are present in the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands:P. halepensis, P. nigra, P. pinaster, P. pinea, P. sylvestris, P. uncinataandP. canariensis. These seven pine species comprise an exceptional experimental set to test some questions related to germination traits, such as: (1) What are the effects of light and temperature on germination, taking into account interpopulation variability? (2) Is there any association of germination traits with habitat (montane versus lowland) preferences? and (3) What is the relationship between germination traits and the genetic distance between pine species?P. nigra,P. sylvestrisandP. uncinataseeds showed faster germination rates. Seeds ofP. nigraandP. sylvestrisreached high total germination percentages in every temperature and light treatment, suggesting an opportunistic germination strategy. Unlike montane pines, lowland pines did show significant effects of temperature on germination response: final germination was higher between 15°C and 20°C than at warmer and alternating temperatures. Relatively low temperatures associated with the winter rainy season would favour germination of most of these species. Nested models showed that population variability was the main source of variation in germination response. Thus, there is no phylogenetic control of the germination response and, surprisingly, germination traits were not related to habitat preferences. As a consequence, we believe that studies of the germination characteristics of a pine species should consider different populations.
Functions and regulation of β-1,3-glucanases during seed germination, dormancy release and after-ripening
Authors: Leubner-Metzger Gerhard 
Published: April 2003

Abstractβ-1,3-Glucanase (βGlu) expression in seeds plays important roles in the regulation of seed germination, dormancy and in the defence against seed pathogens. A thickβ-1,3-glucan layer is typical for the seed envelope of cucurbitaceous species, confers seed semipermeability and is degraded during germination. In many species with coat-imposed dormancy, the seed envelope confers a physical constraint to radicle emergence. In the solanaceous species, the micropylar endosperm and testa have this function, and endosperm weakening appears to be a prerequisite for germination. Class IβGlu is transcriptionally induced in the micropylar endosperm of tobacco, tomato and other solanaceous seeds just prior to radicle emergence.βGlu induction and germination are tightly linked in response to plant hormones and environmental factors, e.g. they are both promoted by gibberellins and inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). Sense and antisense transformation of tobacco reveals two sites ofβGlu action: after-ripening-mediated release of testa-imposed dormancy and endosperm rupture during germination. The use of an ABA-inducible chimeric sense-transgene resulted in overexpression of class IβGlu in seeds and provided direct evidence thatβGlu contributes to endosperm rupture. A model integratingβGlu, seed dormancy, after-ripening and germination is presented, and possible mechanisms forβGlu action are discussed. It is proposed thatβGlu not only helps defend seeds against pathogens, but is also a key factor in regulating coat-imposed dormancy and germination of seeds in response to environmental and hormonal cues.
Membrane integrity and oxidative properties of mitochondria isolated from imbibing pea seeds after priming or accelerated ageing
Authors: Benamar Abdelilah , Tallon Christelle , Macherel David 
Published: April 2003

AbstractGermination is an energy-demanding process that requires the operation of mitochondria, which must survive desiccation in the quiescent seed and become rapidly functional after imbibition to meet the ATP demand. The relationship between germination and mitochondrial performance was addressed by analysing the properties of mitochondria isolated from control, primed and aged pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds. Mitochondria were isolated and purified at early stages of germination (before radicle protrusion), and their oxidative properties, membrane integrity and ultrastructure were examined. Mitochondria isolated after 12 h of imbibition readily oxidized exogenous NADH and Krebs cycle substrates at high rates. However, their phosphorylation efficiency was restricted by poor membrane integrity. After 22 h from the beginning of imbibition, purified seed mitochondria had intact outer membranes and oxidized the substrates at slightly lower rates, but with higher respiratory control (improved capacity for phosphorylation). Purified seed mitochondria were always found to be deficient in endogenous NAD, although the organelles were capable of importing and retaining the cofactor. While the priming treatment appeared to slightly increase the performance of mitochondria, seed deterioration by accelerated ageing strongly affected the oxidative properties of mitochondria, which were badly impaired in ATP production. Outer and inner membrane integrity was identified as the primary target for desiccation and ageing stress. A link between mitochondrial function and seed quality was also corroborated by respiration measurements of seed fragments at the onset of imbibition.
A quantitative analysis of dormancy loss dynamics inPolygonum aviculareL. seeds: Development of a thermal time model based on changes in seed population thermal parameters
Authors: Batlla Diego , Benech-Arnold Roberto Luis 
Published: April 2003

AbstractA model for simulatingPolygonum aviculareL. seed dormancy loss in relation to stratification temperature was developed. The model employs the lower limit temperature for germination (Tl) as an index of seed population dormancy status. While population mean forTl(Tl(50)) andTldistribution within the population (σTl) are allowed to vary as seeds are released from dormancy, other thermal parameters characterizing the germination thermal responses (base, optimal and maximal temperatures, and thermal time required for germination) and the higher limit temperature for germination (Th) are held constant. In order to relate changes inTl(50)and σTlto variable time and temperature, a stratification thermal time index (Stt) was developed, which consists of the accumulation of thermal time units under a threshold temperature for dormancy loss to occur. Therefore,Tl(50)and σTlvaried in relation to the accumulation ofSttaccording to time and temperature. To derive model equations, changes in seed population thermal parameters were estimated for buried seeds stored at 1.6, 7 and 12°C for 110 d. Seeds were exhumed at regular intervals, and were incubated at 15°C and at a gradually increasing temperature regime in the range 6–25°C. The germination time-course curves obtained were reproduced using a mathematical model. Thermal parameters that best fit simulated and experimentally obtained germination time-course curves were determined. Model performance was evaluated against data of two unrelated experiments, showing acceptable prediction of timing and percentage of germination of seeds exhumed from field and controlled temperature conditions.
Gender differences in laboratory aggression under response choice conditions
Authors: Zeichner Amos , Parrott Dominic J. , Frey F. Charles 
Published: March 2003

AbstractEighty‐four undergraduate student volunteers were tested on the Response Choice Aggression Paradigm [Zeichner et al., 1999]. Men (n=43) and women (n=41) participants were provoked in a reaction time competition by receiving electric shocks and were allowed to respond to a confederate with similar shocks or to refrain from any retaliation. Results indicated that men administered more shocks, chose more intense shocks, and administered the highest available shock at a greater proportion relative to all their shock selections than did women. In contrast, women evinced a longer latency before becoming aggressive and initiated aggression at lower intensities than did men. Moreover, across shock trials, gender‐specific aggression patterns indicated that while men alternated response frequency, women gradually increased their response frequency to a peak close to the end of the task. The results confirm earlier findings of gender differences in aggression and offer new indices of aggression “flashpoint” as a step closer to understanding aggressive behavior in naturalistic circumstances. Aggr. Behav. 29:95–106, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Links between social information processing in middle childhood and involvement in bullying
Authors: Camodeca Marina , Goossens Frits A. , Schuengel Carlo , Terwogt Mark Meerum 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the way in which bullies, victims, bully/victims, and those not involved process social information. A peer nomination measure of bullying and victimization was administered twice over an interval of one year. The sample consisted of 236 (126 girls and 110 boys) children at the beginning of the study (T1) and 242 children one year later (T2) (mean age: 8 years). To test how children responded when provoked, both spontaneously and after prompting, we used provocation scenarios, and to test their attributional interpretations we used ambiguous scenarios. The results showed that children not involved in bullying responded in an assertive way to provocation more often than bullies and victims, but not more than bully/victims. In general, aggressive answers diminished after prompting and irrelevant answers increased. Appealing for the help of an adult or a peer was the strategy most often chosen. When the intent of the perpetrator was ambiguous, bully/victims attributed more blame, were angrier, and would retaliate more than those not involved. Partly similar results were obtained when stably involved children were compared with those unstably involved. Suggestions for intervention are presented. Aggr. Behav. 29:116–127, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of chronic administration with high doses of testosterone propionate on behavioral and physiological parameters in mice with differing basal aggressiveness
Authors: Martínez‐Sanchis Sonia , Arnedo M. Teresa , Salvador Alicia , Moya‐Albiol Luis , González‐Bono Esperanza 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe effects of testosterone propionate, an anabolic‐androgenic steroid, on the behavior displayed during a social encounter by gonadally intact male mice were investigated. Animals were distributed into three groups according to their attack latency in a pre‐screening test (high‐, moderate‐, and low‐ attacking mice) and each group received weekly injections of 60 or 120 mg/kg of testosterone or sesame oil for 10 weeks. Behavioral tests were then carried out. Afterwards, organs were weighed and blood samples collected in order to obtain hormonal data. Treatment had a differential impact on attack in the three groups of animals. Only the high‐attacking testosterone‐treated mice showed lower total duration of attack than their controls. Those that received 60 mg/kg spent more time exhibiting exploratory behaviors. As an index of the anabolic activity of the drug, all testosterone‐treated mice had heavier kidneys and, as an index of the androgenic activity of testosterone propionate, they had heavier seminal vesicles, lighter testes, and showed higher testosterone levels in a dose‐dependent way than their controls. Hence, the effect of treatment on peripheral physiological parameters was similar in all three groups whereas behavioral effects differed depending on basal aggressiveness, considered a characteristic of coping style. Aggr. Behav. 29:173–189, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retaliatory motivation enhances attributions of hostility when people process ambiguous social stimuli
Authors: Topalli Volkan , O'Neal Edgar C. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe hypothesized that provocation and readiness to aggress (Retaliatory Motivation) would increase the tendency to construe the ambiguous actions of others as reflecting hostile intent. Male undergraduates were either verbally provoked or not provoked by a male experimenter and half were led to believe that they would be allowed to retaliate anonymously against the provoker in the form of a potentially damaging written evaluation. Participants then rated the hostility and aggressive intent of the characters in brief ambiguous scenarios of interpersonal conflict. According to prediction, men who were provoked and anticipated retaliation against their provoker rated the scenarios as containing hostility and aggression to a significantly greater extent than did non‐provoked or merely provoked participants. Results are discussed within a motivation‐based affective relevance model of perception. Aggr. Behav. 29:155–172, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
van den Ende–Gupta syndrome of blepharophimosis, arachnodactyly, and congenital contractures: Clinical delineation and recurrence in brothers
Authors: Schweitzer Daniela N. , Lachman Ralph S. , Pressman Barry D. , Graham John M. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe describe two Hispanic brothers born to unrelated parents with van den Ende–Gupta syndrome (VDEGS), a distinctive combination of characteristic dysmorphic features, skeletal abnormalities, and cerebellar hyperplasia. This syndrome was previously delineated by van den Ende et al. [1992: Am J Med Genet 42:467–469] and Gupta et al. [1995: J Med Genet 32:809–812], with additional reports by Phadke et al. [1998: Am J Med Genet 77:16–18] and Bistritzer et al. [1993: Clin Genet 44:15–19]. This is the fifth report of VDEGS, which is characterized by blepharophimosis, narrow nose with hypoplastic alae nasi, hypoplastic maxilla, everted lower lip, slender and elongated hands and feet, arachnodactyly, self‐limiting joint contractures, and distinctive skeletal findings. This report of affected siblings, and a previous report of double second cousins born to consanguineous parents [Bistritzer et al. [1993: Clin Genet 44:15–19]], suggests autosomal recessive inheritance. This brings to eight, the total number of reported cases, derived from six families, three of which are consanguineous. It is important to distinguish VDEGS from Marden–Walker syndrome (MWS) since both syndromes include blepharophimosis, arachnodactyly, and congenital contractures. Both syndromes are inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, but VDEGS lacks severe mental retardation, serious brain malformations, microcephaly, failure to thrive, and severe joint limitation, which are consistently present in MWS. Of particular importance, MWS may be associated with cerebellar malformations such as Dandy‐Walker malformation, while the brothers reported herein with VDEGS both demonstrated distinctive cerebellar enlargement, a new finding for this disorder. While, congenital contractures with arachnodactyly are features commonly seen in several other delineated syndromes, such as congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) syndrome, characteristic facial features (blepharophimosis, narrow nose with ocular hypertelorism, prominent ears, and everted lower lip), distinguish VDEGS from other syndromes associated with CCA, including CCA. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.