bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of delayed bone union after hybrid closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy on radiological and clinical parameters
Authors: Kikuchi Naoya , Kanamori Akihiro , Arai Norihito , Okuno Kosuke , Yamazaki Masashi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Hybrid closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy is an effective procedure for varus knee osteoarthritis. However, the timing of bone union remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether the absence of bone union at 3 months postoperatively causes correction loss and worsens clinical outcomes, and to examine its associated factors.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 53 consecutive patients who underwent hybrid closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Cases with no bone union at any of five sites (anterior flange, posterior, lateral, hinge, and medial) on coronal and sagittal computed tomography at 3 months postoperatively were defined as delayed bone union. Regression analysis was performed with delayed bone union as the dependent variable and sex, age, height, body weight, body mass index, correction distance, smoking, and diabetes mellitus as independent variables. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of bone union, and correction losses on radiography and clinical outcomes were compared.
Results: Among 50 analyzed knees (mean age, 61.4±7.8 years), 17 (34.0%) had delayed bone union at 3 months postoperatively, and one knee had screw breakage. There was no correction loss with or without delayed bone union and no difference in clinical outcomes at 1 year postoperatively. Sex was the only significant factor associated with delayed bone union (male: β=2.1, p<0.004).
Conclusions: Delayed bone union (absence at 3 months after hybrid closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy) occurred in 34% of patients and did not affect correction loss or clinical outcomes at 1 year postoperatively. Further, male sex was associated with delayed bone union.
Whole-genome analysis reveals distinct adaptation signatures to diverse environments in Chinese domestic pigs
Authors: Wang Zhen , Song Bangmin , Yao Jianyu , Li Xingzheng , Zhang Yan , Tang Zhonglin , Yi Guoqiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:Long-term natural and artificial selection resulted in many genetic footprints within the genomes of pig breeds across distinct agroecological zones. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of how these signatures contribute to phenotypic diversity and facilitate environmental adaptation remain unclear.
Results: Here, we leveraged whole-genome sequencing data of 82 individuals from six domestic pig breeds originating in tropical, frigid, and high-altitude regions. Population genetic analysis suggested that environmental adaptations significantly contributed to population stratification in Chinese local pig breeds. Analysis of selection signals identified regions under selection for tropical adaptation (55.5 Mb), high-altitude adaptation (43.6 Mb), and frigid adaptation (17.72 Mb). The potential functions of the selective sweep regions were linked to certain complex traits that might play critical roles in different geographic environments, including fat coverage in frigid environments and blood indicators in tropical and high-altitude environments. Candidate genes under selection were significantly enriched in the biological pathways involved in environmental adaptations. These pathways contained blood circulation, protein degradation, and inflammation for tropical adaptation; heart and lung development, hypoxia response, and DNA damage repair for high-altitude adaptation; andthermogenesis, cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD), and cell cycle for frigid adaptation. By examining the chromatin state of the selection signatures, we detected the lung and ileum as two critically functional tissues for environmental adaptations. Finally, we unveiled a mutation (chr1: G246,175,129A) in cis-regulatory regions of ABCA1 as a plausible promising variant for tropical adaptation.
Conclusions: In this study, we conducted a genome-wide exploration of the genetic mechanisms underlying the tropical, frigid, and high-altitude adaptability of Chinese local pig breeds. Our findings shed light on the prominent role of cis-regulatory elements in impacting environmental adaptation in pigs and may serve as a vital biomodel on human plateau-related disorders and cardiovascular diseases.
Investigating the correlation between demographic data, laboratory results, intubation, and mortality rate in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Vahedi Leila , Sheikhalipour Zahra , Tavani Fatemeh Molaei , Behshid Mozhgan , akhuleh Omid Zadi , Hasanzadeh Vida , Kahlani Mina , Rahmani Parvin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a highly contagious infectious disease that rapidly escalated into a pandemic. This coronavirus pandemic has been associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Multiple risk factors for severe, critical illness and death due to COVID-19 have been identified. This study investigated associations between demographic traits, laboratory test results, intubation status, and mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods
In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 181 patients infected with COVID-19 who were admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, between March and September 2020 were reviewed using the census sampling method. Demographic data, laboratory results, and intubation history were extracted from the records. The data were analyzed using Chi-square, the independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression using SPSS 27. P < 0.05 and the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were considered significant.
Results
Out of 181 patients infected with COVID-19, there were 110 (60.8%) males with a median age of 66 (16–96) years. There was a significant direct relationship between outcome and intubation, chest X-ray, CT-Scan, renal diseases, age, WBC, K, P, urea, Cr, and LDH, respectively (P < 0.0001, < 0.0001, 0.02, 0.01, < 0.0001, 0.002, 0.002, 0.008, < 0.0001, < 0.0001, and 0.008). In contrast, there was a significant inverse relationship between outcome and PH, HCO3, and SaO2 (P = 0.005, 0.002, and < 0.0001).
Conclusion
This study found that several factors increase the risk of mortality in patients infected with COVID-19, including intubation, abnormal lung CT and chest X-ray findings, underlying kidney disease, advanced age, and high levels of white blood cells, potassium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase. On the other hand, increased pH, bicarbonate, and oxygen saturation were protective factors against mortality. These results highlight important risk and protective factors for mortality in COVID-19 patients. The findings can inform clinical decision-making and resource allocation during future COVID-19 outbreaks and pandemics involving similar respiratory viruses.
Agent-based modelling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission: A systematic review
Authors: Bui Viet Long , Hughes Angus , Ragonnet Romain , Meehan Micheal , Henderson Alec , McBryde Emma , Trauer James M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Traditional epidemiological models simplify many aspects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission to capture observed tuberculosis (TB) epidemic dynamics, leading to interest in more advanced methodologies,such as agent-based modelling (ABM), that can more flexibly represent the underlying complexity. We synthesised evidence on the application of ABMs in TB transmission modelling to identify trends, methodological approaches, and directions for future research.
Methods: Following PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, we searched electronic databases and supplemented this approach by searching reference lists of included studies. Eligible studies were screened against the inclusion criteria.
Results: We identified 26 eligible studies that employed ABMs to model M.tb transmission and evaluate interventions. Study characteristics differed in relation to their population, setting, time horizon, software, and computational expense.
Conclusions: ABMs are a versatile approach for representing complex disease dynamics, particularly in cases such as TB, where heterogeneous mixing and household transmission are often overlooked by traditional models. However, their advanced capabilities come with challenges, including those arising from their stochastic nature, such as parameter tuning and high computational expense. To improve transparency and reproducibility, open-source code sharing and standardised reporting are recommended to enhance ABM reliability in studying epidemiologically complex diseases such as TB.
PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022380580.
Dispersiveness, higher stability and controllability of linear control systems on the Heisenberg group
Authors: Souza Josiney 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents sufficient conditions for dispersiveness of linear control systemns on the Heisenberg group. The dispersiveness implies the absolute stability of the orbits, which means stability of all orders. Necessary conditions for the existence of a control set are derived. A linear control system is determined by a derivation D of the Heisenberg algebra h and invariant vector fields X₁,…,X_{m}. The main result assures that the system is dispersive with respect to a compact set K in the control range, if the mean limits lim(1/(t_{n}))∫₀^{t_{n}}∑u_{i}ⁿ(s)X_{i}ds do not reach the subspace h²+Im(D)⊂h. Consequently, the system is K-dispersive, if 0∉K and the sum h²+Im(D) meets Span{X₁,…,X_{m}} trivially. The mean limit criterion is applied to the linear Heisenberg flywheel and other three-dimensional systems.
Vitamin D inhibits apoptosis in THP-1 cells infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis through TNF signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Yusheng , Deng Jiezhong , Liu Pan , He Jinyue , Tan Jiulin , Yu Bo , Bai Yun , Luo Fei , Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Zehua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) has been extensively associated with the resistance against tuberculosis (TB); however, the mechanism underlying the reduction in TB susceptibility by VD remains uncertain. In our prior investigation, we discovered the relationship between VD and mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)-induced aberrant osteoclastogenesis. Here we report that VD diminishes apoptosis in M.tb-infected THP-1 cells through tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. This novel perspective contributes to the elucidation of the intricate relationship between VD and tuberculosis. In this study, THP-1 cells were infected with the H37Rv strain for 4h at a MOI of 10 and then treated with 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) (10− 6, 10− 8, 10− 10M) for 1d and 4d respectively. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed, and differential expression analysis was conducted by the R package edgeR. Immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques were employed for VDR, TNFR1 and TUNEL in TB patients and serum levels of TNF-α and IL6 were measured simultaneously. Furthermore, the utilization of western blot and qRT-PCR techniques was employed to investigate the impact of VD on pivotal molecules involved in the TNF signaling pathway. In addition, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and VD were administrated by tail vein and articular cavity injection in vivo. Our findings revealed a robust responsiveness of the TNF signaling pathway to M.tb-induced inflammation, resulting in elevated expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and severe apoptosis. VD exhibited significant inhibitory effect on M.tb-induced inflammation and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. This study provides new ideas for vitamin D in the study of tuberculous bone destruction.
WITHDRAWN: Post Fever Retinitis - Experience From Tertiary Eye Care Hospital in Central India
Authors: PALIWAL SONAL PALIWAL , prerna prerena upadhyaya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose -To report a series of 5 cases with retinitis following a febrile illness, its clinical spectrum, management, and prognosis.
Method - Retrospective case series of 5 patients presenting with acute retinitis, following a febrile illness.
Results - The retinitis lesions had a sudden onset with rapid evolution, preceded by a febrile episode within one month of presentation , in all cases. Serology testing was non-contributory in guiding the therapy. Oral corticosteroid therapy was effective in resolution of lesions.
Conclusion – Post fever retinitis mostly represents a parainfetious etilogy with an seasonal pattern in endemic areas without a uniformly identifiable cause.Mostly affects young immunocompetent individuals and has a self-limiting course.
New findings on Developmental Studies of the oropharyngeal Salivary Glands in Japanese Quails (Coutrinx coutrinx japonica)
Authors: Khalifa Mahmoud Osman , Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud , Gaber Wafaa , Saleh Abdelmohaimen Mostafa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The oropharyngeal floor of the lower beak in Japanese quails (Coutrinx coutrinx japonica) contains the sublingual and mandibular salivary glands. Although few literatures spoke about the oropharyngeal glands, our study demonstrated the best for full morphological and cytochemical illustration. The morphological and cytochemical analysis were done on 20 healthy Japanese quail embryos with ages of the 6th, 10th, 11th, and 13th days of incubation, and 25 healthy quail chicks at ages zero (hatching day old), 7th, 14th, 30th, and 60th days old. The primordia of the sublingual and mandibular salivary glands were noticed at the 6th and 10th days of the prehatching old respectively as an epithelial bud. After hatching, both primordia were elongated and differentiated into secretory units. These glands are mucous polystomatic tubulo-alveolar paired glands which were situated in the submucosa. The sublingual glands consisted of 3-5 lobes extended from two ceratobranchial caudally by their wide ends beyond the median sulcus of the prefrenular part of sublingual space rostrally; where they opened by their constricted part. The taste buds are variable in size and position; the associated salivary glands type was the largest, which all taste pores varied from 8.2-12 um. The mandibular glands lay on the paralingual groove which arose at 10 days old embryo. Furthermore, the mandibular glands were located dorsomedial to the sublingual glands and extended longitudinally from the rostral border of the frenulum linguae to the caudal tips of sublingual glands. Notably, the taste buds decreased in the volume and number with advancing age. Both gland secretions showed various histochemical reactions that ended with highly alcinophilic (acidic) materials in advanced ages.
Biologically interpretable multi-task deep learning pipeline predicts molecular alterations, grade, and prognosis in glioma patients
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wu Xuewei , Zhang Shuaitong , Zhang Zhenyu , Xu Zexin , Wang Weiwei , Jin Zhe , You Jingjing , Guo Yang , Zhang Lu , Huang Wenhui , Wang Fei , Liu Xianzhi , Yan Dongming , Cheng Jingliang , Yan Jing , Zhang Shuixing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Deep learning models have been developed for various predictions in glioma; yet, they were constrained by manual segmentation, task-specific design, or a lack of biological interpretation. Herein, we aimed to develop an end-to-end multi-task deep learning (MDL) pipeline that can simultaneously predict molecular alterations and histological grade (auxiliary tasks), as well as prognosis (primary task) in gliomas. Further, we aimed to provide the biological mechanisms underlying the model's predictions. We collected multiscale data including baseline MRI images from 2,776 glioma patients across two private (FAHZU and HPPH, n=1,931) and three public datasets (TCGA, n=213; UCSF, n=410; and EGD, n=222). We trained and internally validated the MDL model using our private datasets, and externally validated it using the three public datasets. We used the model-predicted deep prognosis score (DPS) to stratify patients into low-DPS and high-DPS subtypes. Additionally, a radio-multiomics analysis was conducted to elucidate the biological basis of the DPS. In the external validation cohorts, the MDL model achieved average areas under the curve of 0.892-0.903, 0.710-0.894, and 0.850-0.879 for predicting IDH mutation status, 1p/19q co-deletion status, and tumor grade, respectively. Moreover, the MDL model yielded a C-index of 0.723 in the TCGA and 0.671 in the UCSF for the prediction of overall survival. The DPS exhibits significant correlations with activated oncogenic pathways, immune infiltration patterns, specific protein expression, DNA methylation, tumor mutation burden, and tumor-stroma ratio. Accordingly, our work presents an accurate and biologically meaningful tool for predicting molecular subtypes, tumor grade, and survival outcomes in gliomas, which provides personalized clinical decision-making in a global and non-invasive manner.
Genome-wide CRISPR Screening Identifies the Pivotal Role of ANKRD42 in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Through EMT Regulation
Authors: Liu Shengde , Zhang Zizhen , Wang Zhenghang , Li Jian , Shen Lin , Wang Xicheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC), a pervasive and lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal cancer, imposes significant challenges due to the occurrence of distant metastasis in advanced stages. Understanding the intricate regulatory mechanisms driving CRC distant metastasis is of paramount importance.
Methods: To faithfully recapitulate CRC liver metastasis, we innovatively employed in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screening with a spleen-injected liver metastasis mouse model. Through comprehensive screening of a whole-genome sgRNA library, we identified pivotal regulatory genes facilitating CRC liver metastasis. Experimental validation of ANKRD42, a key hit, was performed using migration and invasion assays, supported by an advanced in vivo spleen-injected liver metastasis model. Patient-Derived Organoid (PDO) models derived from liver metastases elucidated the impact of ANKRD42 perturbation on the expression profile of genes associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in tumorigenesis.
Results: Analysis of the TCGA database and our clinical cohorts unveiled heightened ANKRD42 expression in metastases. At the cellular level, the attenuation of ANKRD42 impaired the migration and invasion processes of tumor cells. In vivo experiments further validated these observations, highlighting the diminished liver metastatic capacity of tumor cells upon ANKRD42 knockdown. To unravel the specific mechanisms by which ANKRD42 regulates CRC distant metastasis, we leveraged PDO models. Depleting ANKRD42 in PDOs sourced from liver metastases precipitated the downregulation of pivotal genes linked to EMT, including CDH2 and SANI2, thereby effectively suppressing tumor metastasis.
Conclusions:
ANKRD42 emerges as a pivotal driver of distant metastasis in CRC, as unveiled by genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening. Significantly elevated expression levels of ANKRD42 were notably observed within metastases across our cohort. Functionally, ANKRD42 intricately regulates the EMT process, thereby potentiating CRC's ability for distant metastatic spread. This study not only establishes a conceptual framework but also identifies potential therapeutic avenues for advanced-stage distant metastasis in CRC patients
Effects of Shallow-buried drip irrigation on growth, yield, and water productivity of potato in the Yin-mountain region of China
Authors: Guan ting , Liu peng , Wu lan , Qin yonglin , zahng baozhong , Jia lijuo , Fan mingshou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Water scarcity is a significant constraint on potato production in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern China. Shallow-buried drip irrigation (SSI) was examined to assess its effects on water conservation and water use efficiency. A 4-year consecutive field trial spanning from 2019 to 2022 was carried out in the Yin Mountain area, a region conducive to potato cultivation in northern China. The findings revealed that, compared to surface drip irrigation (SI), tuber yield was augmented by 3–12% with SSI. Moreover, in a year with regular rainfall, an irrigation volume of 150 mm in SSI achieved a higher yield than the 200 mm application. The increased yield is predominantly due to a greater leaf area index during the tuber bulking phase and enhanced dry matter accumulation during the starch storage phase in SSI, particularly a higher root dry weight. SSI exhibited reduced ineffective evaporation and greater soil water storage, leading to more irrigation water being used for transpiration and yield production. In comparison to SI, the average Water Use Efficiency per Irrigation (WUEI) and overall Water Use Efficiency (WUE) in SSI increased by 7.75% and 10.65%, respectively. Our results suggest that Shallow-buried drip irrigation is an effective method to conserve scarce water resources, enhance tuber yield, and improve water use efficiency in the arid and semi-arid zones of northern China, thereby aiding the sustainable growth of local potato farming.
GHOISS as A Predictor for Amputation in Gustilo Type III A and B Tibia fractures in Uganda: A prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Okuku Maxwel Dancan , Kabuye Umaru , Khadolwa Stephen Angira , Aweis Abubakar Mohamed , Xaviour Okedi Francis , Abraha Demoz , Quealee Charles , OLASINDE Anthony Ayotunde , Usman Ibe Michael 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite advances in antibiotic therapy and microsurgery, the management of Gustilo and Andersen type IIIA and B open tibia fractures continues to pose a considerable challenge in developing countries. This has evolved from historical immediate amputation to modern approaches that prioritize both aesthetics and functional outcomes. Nonetheless, a consensus on limb salvage versus amputation remains elusive, prompting the development of prognostic limb scoring systems. Our study assessed the predictive accuracy of the Ganga Hospital Open Injury Severity Score (GHOISS) for determining the need for amputation in patients with Gustilo type IIIA and B tibia injuries.
Methods
In this prospective cohort study, patients with Gustilo type III A and B tibia fractures were consecutively recruited from two Ugandan tertiary hospitals after initial resuscitation. The severity of injury for each Gustilo type III A and b tibia fracture was determined using the GHOISS, and limb salvage decisions were made irrespective of the GHOISS. Follow-up was extended for up to fourteen days to assess the necessity of secondary amputation in salvaged limbs.
Results
Among 53 Gustilo type IIIA and B tibia fractures, 47 were successfully salvaged, while 6 necessitated amputation (4 primary, 2 secondary). A GHOISS of 13 demonstrated maximum specificity (91.5%) and sensitivity (83.3%) in predicting amputation, with an AUC of 0.927, indicating strong discriminatory accuracy.
Conclusion
The GHOISS reliably predicted outcomes in patients with Gustilo type IIIA and B tibia fractures, with a score of 13 demonstrating optimal sensitivity and specificity for anticipating amputation requirements.