bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE WHITE HARE LEPUS TIMIDUS L. IN KAMCHATKA (SEASON 2022/2023)
Authors: Корнев С.И. , Почекутова И.А. , Нагорнов А.А. 
Published: November 2023

К БИОЛОГИИ ЗАЙЦА-БЕЛЯКА LEPUS TIMIDUS L. НА КАМЧАТКЕ (СЕЗОН 2022/2023 ГГ.).
ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE WHITE HARE LEPUS TIMIDUS L. IN KAMCHATKA (SEASON 2022/2023)
MASSIVE INFECTION OF JUVENILE CHUM SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KETA WITH PROTOZOA TRICHODINA SP. AS A RESULT OF THE WATER POLLUTION OF DURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS
Authors: Сергеенко Н.В. , Рязанова Т.В. , Бочкова Е.В. 
Published: November 2023

МАССОВОЕ ЗАРАЖЕНИЕ МОЛОДИ КЕТЫ ONCORHYNCHUS KETA ПРОСТЕЙШИМИ TRICHODINA SP. КАК РЕЗУЛЬТАТ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ВОДЫ ПАВ
MASSIVE INFECTION OF JUVENILE CHUM SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS KETA WITH PROTOZOA TRICHODINA SP. AS A RESULT OF THE WATER POLLUTION OF DURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS
THE IMPACT OF THE EXTREME ASHFALL OF 2023 ON NESTINF PASSERINE BIRDS
Authors: Герасимов Ю.Н. , Духова Э.Р. 
Published: November 2023

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНОГО ПЕПЛОПАДА 2023 Г. НА ГНЕЗДЯЩИХСЯ ВОРОБЬЕОБРАЗНЫХ ПТИЦ
THE IMPACT OF THE EXTREME ASHFALL OF 2023 ON NESTINF PASSERINE BIRDS
ENCOUNTERS WITH FALLEN LONGSNOUT LANCETFISH ALEPISAURUS FEROX INDIVIDUALS AND SPECIFICS OF THEIR DIET IN COASTAL WATERS OF THE EASTERN SHORE OF THE BERING ISLAND (COMMANDER ISLANDS)
Authors: Вакуров М.С. 
Published: November 2023

ВСТРЕЧИ ПАВШИХ ОСОБЕЙ ДЛИННОРЫЛОГО АЛЕПИЗАВРА ALEPISAURUS FEROX И НЕКОТОРЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИХ ПИТАНИЯ В ПРИБРЕЖНЫХ ВОДАХ ВОСТОЧНОГО ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ О-ВА БЕРИНГА (КОМАНДОРСКИЕ О-ВА)
ENCOUNTERS WITH FALLEN LONGSNOUT LANCETFISH ALEPISAURUS FEROX INDIVIDUALS AND SPECIFICS OF THEIR DIET IN COASTAL WATERS OF THE EASTERN SHORE OF THE BERING ISLAND (COMMANDER ISLANDS)
NEW RECORDS OF PROTECTED LICHEN SPECIES IN NALYCHEVO NATURE PARK (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA)
Authors: Степанчикова И.С. , Панькова В.В. 
Published: November 2023

НОВЫЕ МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЯ ОХРАНЯЕМЫХ ВИДОВ ЛИШАЙНИКОВ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКА «НАЛЫЧЕВО» (ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ КАМЧАТКА)
NEW RECORDS OF PROTECTED LICHEN SPECIES IN NALYCHEVO NATURE PARK (SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA)
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF SALMONID ADAPTATIONS TO DWELLING IN CONDITIONS OF EXCESSIVE WATER MINERALIZATION
Authors: Шульгина Е.В. , Есин Е.В. 
Published: November 2023

ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ АДАПТАЦИЙ ЛОСОСЕВЫХ РЫБ К ОБИТАНИЮ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИЗБЫТОЧНОЙ МИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИИ ВОДЫ
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF SALMONID ADAPTATIONS TO DWELLING IN CONDITIONS OF EXCESSIVE WATER MINERALIZATION
ANATIDAE MIGRATION ON SOUTH-WEST COAST OF KAMCHATKA IN SPRING 2023
Authors: Герасимов Ю.Н. , Духова Э.Р. , Ковалева В.М. 
Published: November 2023

МИГРАЦИЯ УТИНЫХ ПТИЦ НА ЮГО-ЗАПАДНОМ ПОБЕРЕЖЬЕ КАМЧАТКИ ВЕСНОЙ 2023 Г.
ANATIDAE MIGRATION ON SOUTH-WEST COAST OF KAMCHATKA IN SPRING 2023
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ZOOPLANKTON NEAR SHORE ZONE OF THE KORFO-KARAGINSKY DISTRICT IN 2021–2022
Authors: Богданова К.В. , Коваль М.В. , Шабуров А.Ю. 
Published: November 2023

ТАКСОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ ЗООПЛАНКТОНА ПРИБРЕЖНЫХ ВОД КОРФО-КАРАГИНСКОГО РАЙОНА В 2021–2022 ГГ.
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ZOOPLANKTON NEAR SHORE ZONE OF THE KORFO-KARAGINSKY DISTRICT IN 2021–2022
ABOUT THE DISTRIBUTION OF OXYTROPIS DARPIRENSIS JURTZ. ET A. KHOKHR. IN OMULEVSKY MIDDLE MOUNTAINS
Authors: Хорева М.Г. , Андриянова Е.А. , Бочарова У.И. 
Published: November 2023

О РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИИ ОСТРОЛОДОЧНИКА ДАРПИРСКОГО OXYTROPIS DARPIRENSIS JURTZ. ET A. KHOKHR. В ОМУЛЕВСКОМ СРЕДНЕГОРЬЕ
ABOUT THE DISTRIBUTION OF OXYTROPIS DARPIRENSIS JURTZ. ET A. KHOKHR. IN OMULEVSKY MIDDLE MOUNTAINS
DETERMINATION OF THE TIME OF SEA URCHIN STRONGYLOCENTROTUS POLYACANTHUS SPRINGLING BY INDICES CHARACTERIZING THE STAGES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE
Authors: Архипова Е.А. 
Published: November 2023

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СРОКОВ НЕРЕСТА МНОГОИГЛОГО МОРСКОГО ЕЖА STRONGYLOCENTROTUS POLYACANTHUS ПО ИНДЕКСАМ, ХАРАКТЕРИЗУЮЩИМ СТАДИИ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОГО ЦИКЛА
DETERMINATION OF THE TIME OF SEA URCHIN STRONGYLOCENTROTUS POLYACANTHUS SPRINGLING BY INDICES CHARACTERIZING THE STAGES OF THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE
AUTUMN MIGRATION OF WATERBIRDS AND SHOREBIRDS ON KULTUCHNOE LAKE IN PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCHATSKY
Authors: Ковалева В.М. , Гринькова А.С. 
Published: November 2023

ОСЕННЯЯ МИГРАЦИЯ ВОДОПЛАВАЮЩИХ И ОКОЛОВОДНЫХ ПТИЦ НА ОЗЕРЕ КУЛТУЧНОМ В ПЕТРОПАВЛОВСКЕ-КАМЧАТСКОМ
AUTUMN MIGRATION OF WATERBIRDS AND SHOREBIRDS ON KULTUCHNOE LAKE IN PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCHATSKY
DATABASE OF ECHO REGISTRATION AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOCKEYE SALMON DURING SPAWNING MIGRATION IN THE SEASON OF 2023
Authors: Малых К.М. , Сошин А.В. , Коваленко М.Н. 
Published: November 2023

БАЗА ДАННЫХ ЭХОРЕГИСТРАЦИИ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ НЕРКИ И ИХ КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ОЦЕНКА В ПЕРИОД НЕРЕСТОВОЙ МИГРАЦИИ В СЕЗОН 2023 Г.
DATABASE OF ECHO REGISTRATION AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOCKEYE SALMON DURING SPAWNING MIGRATION IN THE SEASON OF 2023
EXPEDITION TO COLLECTING MISSION OF GENETIC MATERIAL OF KAMCHAYKA HONEYSUCKLE LONICERA CAERULEA VAR. KAMTSCHATICA SEVAST.
Authors: Русакова Е.А. , Петруша Е.Н. , Тихонова Н.Г. 
Published: November 2023

ЭКСПЕДИЦИЯ ПО СБОРУ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ЖИМОЛОСТИ КАМЧАТСКОЙ LONICERA CAERULEA VAR. KAMTSCHATICA SEVAST.
EXPEDITION TO COLLECTING MISSION OF GENETIC MATERIAL OF KAMCHAYKA HONEYSUCKLE LONICERA CAERULEA VAR. KAMTSCHATICA SEVAST.
FISH COMMUNITY OF PEBBLE AND BOULDER AREAS OF THE LITTORAL OF KRASHENINNIKOV ISLAND (AVACHA GULF, SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA) IN 2021–2023
Authors: Токранов А.М. 
Published: November 2023

СООБЩЕСТВО РЫБ ГАЛЕЧНО-ВАЛУННЫХ УЧАСТКОВ ЛИТОРАЛИ О-ВА КРАШЕНИННИКОВА (АВАЧИНСКИЙ ЗАЛИВ, ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНАЯ КАМЧАТКА) В 2021–2023 ГГ.
FISH COMMUNITY OF PEBBLE AND BOULDER AREAS OF THE LITTORAL OF KRASHENINNIKOV ISLAND (AVACHA GULF, SOUTH-EASTERN KAMCHATKA) IN 2021–2023
THE MAIN BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE YELLOWFIN FLOUNDER LIMANDA ASPERA FROM THE CATCHES OF THE SAT SEINE IN THE TAUY BAY OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK IN THE SPRING-SUMMER PERIOD 2016–2023
Authors: Бурлак Ф.А. , Смирнов А.А. 
Published: November 2023

ОСНОВНЫЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЖЕЛТОПЕРОЙ КАМБАЛЫ LIMANDA ASPERA ИЗ УЛОВОВ СТАВНОГО НЕВОДА В ТАУЙСКОЙ ГУБЕ ОХОТСКОГО МОРЯ В ВЕСЕННЕ-ЛЕТНИЙ ПЕРИОД 2016–2023 ГГ.
THE MAIN BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE YELLOWFIN FLOUNDER LIMANDA ASPERA FROM THE CATCHES OF THE SAT SEINE IN THE TAUY BAY OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK IN THE SPRING-SUMMER PERIOD 2016–2023
COASTAL MORTALITY OF CETACEANS ON THE ARCTIC COAST OF CHUKOTKA AT CAPE VANKAREM IN 2017–2020
Authors: Загребельный С.В. 
Published: November 2023

БЕРЕГОВАЯ СМЕРТНОСТЬ КИТООБРАЗНЫХ НА АРКТИЧЕСКОМ ПОБЕРЕЖЬЕ ЧУКОТКИ У МЫСА ВАНКАРЕМ В 2017–2020 ГГ.
COASTAL MORTALITY OF CETACEANS ON THE ARCTIC COAST OF CHUKOTKA AT CAPE VANKAREM IN 2017–2020
ALGAE OF «HARMFUL BLOOM» IN RECREATIONAL WATER AREAS OF AVACHINSKAYA BAY (KAMCHATKA) IN SUMMER 2023
Authors: Лепская Е.В. , Тепнин О.Б. , Васильев А.О. , Шурыгина А.А. , Кириллова Е.А. 
Published: November 2023

ВОДОРОСЛИ КОМПЛЕКСА «ВРЕДОНОСНОГО ЦВЕТЕНИЯ» В РЕКРЕАЦИОННЫХ АКВАТОРИЯХ АВАЧИНСКОЙ ГУБЫ (КАМЧАТКА) ЛЕТОМ 2023 Г.
ALGAE OF «HARMFUL BLOOM» IN RECREATIONAL WATER AREAS OF AVACHINSKAYA BAY (KAMCHATKA) IN SUMMER 2023
Concordance and Discordance between Radiology Resident’s and Radiologist’s Interpretation of Brain MRI in Patients with Head Masses
Authors: Anwar Khadeeja , Safi Abdullah , Abid Hadia , Khan Irfanullah , Anwar Umar , Anwar Talha , Sundal Anisa 
Published: November 2023

Diagnosis of head masses involves clinical examination, neurological signs, and radiological imaging. MRI is the preferred imaging tool for detailed assessment of tumor, its extent and treatment plan. Objective: To find the level of concordance and discordance between radiology resident’s and consultant’s interpretation of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) done for brain masses. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the radiology department of Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar. Simple random sampling was done and sample size was calculated using kappa coefficients (Donner and Rotondi) n=100. 100 patients who visited department of Radiology over a period of two years were assessed by prospective analysis of their radiology reports. Senior resident’s and consultant’s reports were compared. All pre-op patients were included irrespective of age or gender. Data were collected and recorded on a specially designed proforma and entered into Microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS (Version 22.0. IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: MRI brain reports of 58 male and 42 female patients were evaluated. The most common tumors were gliomas, making up 52% of the total tumors. Metastasis being second most common tumor making 16%, meningiomas in 15%, pituitary tumors in 10% and vestibular schwannomas in 7% of the patients. Concordance, discordance, and Cohen’s Kappa values in different masses were gliomas. (Concordance=88.46%, Discordance=11.54%, k=0.336), Meningiomas (Concordance=86.66%, Discordance=13.34%, k=0.423), Metastasis (Concordance=81.25%, Discordance=18.75%, k=0.294), Pituitary Tumors (Concordance=80%) Discordance=20%, k=0.375) and Vestibular Schwannomas (Concordance=85.71%, Discordance= 14.29% k=0.588). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference between senior resident’s and consultant radiologist’s report of MRI brain masses.
Цифрові тренди у сфері публічного управління
Authors: Сиротін В. Д. 
Published: November 2023

У статті визначені сучасні зміни у сфері публічного управління внаслідок активного поширення цифрових технологій. Наголошено, що цифровізація сфери публічного управління найбільшою мірою асоціюється з електронним урядуванням. Обґрунтовано, що такий підхід значно звужує процеси розуміння цифровізації у сфері публічного управління. Визначено, що активне поширення інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій сприяють оцифруванню інформації, прискорюють її обіг та поширення, що змінює суспільні відносини. Наголошено, що активне поширення цифрових технологій потребує належного рівня їх розвитку та формуванні відповідних цифрових навичок. У статті узагальнено тенденції цифровізації публічного управління, окреслені основні виклики для цифровізації у сфері публічного управління, які потребують відповідних заходів запобігання. На основі статистичних даних визначені тенденції цифровізації. Обґрунтовано, що використання цифрових технологій у сфері публічного управління сприяє удосконаленню системи прийняття та реалізації рішень, знеособлює фактори корупційних ризиків, сприяє покращенню надання адміністративних послуг, формуванню механізмів реалізації державної політики у всіх сферах суспільного розвитку. Встановлено, що використання цифрових технологій характеризує спроможність прискорити комунікаційні процеси між органами державної влади та місцевого самоврядування і кінцевого споживача адміністративних послуг. Виявлені позитивні зрушення внаслідок активної цифровізації публічної сфери України. До таких позитивних зрушень віднесені спрощення процедур та прискорення часу очікування отримання важливих адміністративних послуг, дозвільних документів, скорочення видатків на обслуговування системи надання адміністративних послуг, запобігання проявам корупції. Цифровізація публічного управління потребує відповідного рівня організаційного та технічного забезпечення переведення державних сервісів в електронну форму, що вимагає оновлення чинних та застосування нових інструментів комунікації між основними учасниками процесу державотворення та громадянами, доступу до електронних сервісів, Інтернету, забезпечення кібербезпеки з метою захисту персональних даних тощо, що у сукупності вимагає зміни традиційних практик, технологій, механізмів у сфері публічного управління
Pendekatan Dalam Pembelajaran Perspektif Imam Al Ghazali Dalam Kitab Ayyuhal Walad
Authors: Nasihin Khoirun 
Published: November 2023

The research method used is library research method. In addition, other supporting methods are historical methods, correlational methods and developmental methods. Then the data were analyzed using the method of content analysis (content analysis).
The approach in learning the perspective of Imam Al Ghazali in the book of Ayyuhal Walad is an approach with theocentric nuances. This is shown by learning that has value is to get closer to Allah, the motivation in learning must be for the sake of reviving the Prophet's Shari'a and subjugating the lusts, students must maintain the sanctity of their souls, and practice the knowledge they have gained. The factors that determine success in learning the perspective of Imam Al Ghazali in the book Ayyuhal Walad are motivation, curriculum, educators, student and social environment
Pengaruh Kemudahan, Manfaat Dan Pengetahuan Terhadap Minat Penggunaan E-Commerce Pada Generasi Z
Authors: Mahfiyah  , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of convenience, benefits and knowledge on the interest in using e-commerce in generation Z. The method in this study uses descriptive quantitative methods. Data was taken by distributing the questionnaire link to Generation Z in Jember Regency as many as 138 people. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 2019 application with multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that partially: Ease of Use has a significant positive effect on interest in using e-commerce in Generation Z. Usefulness/Benefits have a significant positive effect on interest in using e-commerce in Generation Z. Knowledge has a significant positive effect on interest in using e-commerce commerce in Generation Z. Simultaneously convenience, benefits and knowledge have a significant effect on the interest in using e-commerce in generation Z.
Evolução da maturação de uvas Chardonnay destinadas à espumantização
Authors: Pires Regina Bitencourt , Eckhardt Daniel Pazzini , Aloy Keila Garcia , Jacobs Suziane Antes , Schumacher Rafael Lizandro , Da Cunha Wellynthon Machado , Gabbardo Marcos , Costa Vagner Brasil 
Published: November 2023

O clima da Campanha Gaúcha é favorável para diminuição dos ácidos orgânicos e acidez total, desejáveis elevados para a qualidade de espumantes. O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o ponto de colheita para Chardonnay, considerando a elaboração de vinho base com destino à espumantização, em Dom Pedrito, Região da Campanha do Brasil. As colheitas foram realizadas em diferentes períodos de maturação da Chardonnay, durante a safra 2015. O experimento foi completamente casualizado. T1 foi a colheita em 10 de janeiro, com os cachos colhidos da parte interna do dossel foliar. T2 foram colhidos os cachos mais expostos ao sol. T3 foi a segunda colheita realizada em 29 de janeiro. As variáveis avaliadas no mosto foram SS, pH, Acidez total, Ácido málico e Açúcares redutores. Após as microvinificações, foram avaliadas as variáveis no vinho: Etanol, Acidez total e volátil, pH, Ácido málico e lático, Glicerol. T3 apresentou o maior valor para sólidos solúveis e açúcares. T1 e T2 não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre si. T3 apresentou o maior valor para pH, e T1 o valor mais baixo. Acidez total para T1 foi mais elevada. T3 apresentou maior índice de etanol no vinho. T3 apresentou acidez total inferior, justificada pelo período de colheita em que foi submetido e o T1 apresentou acidez mais elevada, justificado pelo menor período de maturação das uvas. T2, devido ao equilíbrio entre acidez, pH e açúcares, apresenta as condições necessárias para garantir o frescor aromático e gustativo de um vinho base de qualidade.
Entrepreneurial Activity of Generation Z: Motives, Algorithms for Starting a Business
Authors: Roshchupkina Violetta , Khakirov Ahmed , Manuylenko Viktoriya , Gryzunova Natalia , Koniagina Mariia , Ermakova Galina 
Published: November 2023

Objective: This article aims to assess Generation Z's entrepreneurial activities in the context of ESG principles and their contributions to sustainable development. It investigates how Zoomers' engagement in various sectors aligns with ESG factors and explores the challenges they face in promoting sustainability within the rapidly changing socio-economic landscape.

Methods: A qualitative analysis approach is employed to evaluate the ESG aspects of Generation Z's entrepreneurial behaviors and their impact on sustainable development. Scientific works and data revealing the motives that challenge young people to start and run business are analyzed. The study employs methods of systemic, structural, functional and comparative analysis and synthesis, theoretical modelling and forecasting.

Results: The reasons why employable young population does not involve into business activities were put under analysis, at the same time popular trends for entrepreneurial activity of youth are highlighted. The analysis is grounded in the scientific, statistical, regulatory, methodological and empirical materials that reveal the motives and algorithm of business management by representatives of Generation Z.

Conclusion: Generation Z's entrepreneurial endeavors, rooted in ESG principles, are pivotal drivers of sustainable development. Their steadfast commitment to environmental responsibility, social inclusivity, and effective governance reflects a dynamic force for positive change. However, they face formidable challenges such as competition from digital ecosystems and limited access to financing. To capitalize on their innovative potential and ensure a sustainable future, fostering an ESG-friendly environment and addressing these hurdles is imperative.
Dynamics of Workforce Diversity in Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Gidi Mihretu Shanko , Debela Kenenisa Lemi , Kero Chalchissa Amentie 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to understand the dynamics of diversity in higher educational institutions in Ethiopia particularly the dynamics in terms of gender, marital status, age, religious and educational status. The study also emphasized on main diversity dimensions as: diversity climate, organizational justice, identity, values, schema and communication practices in higher educational institutions.
Theoretical Framework: This study which deals with the dynamics of diversity in higher educational institutions in Ethiopia is based on the taxonomy of work place diversity used by Tailer (2011).

Methods: The study is conducted using descriptive research design and mixed approach. The researchers describe the gender diversities and infer something based on the empirical evidences available. The Universities were selected using convenience sampling and self-administered questionnaires were distributed to respondents.

Results and Conclusion: Diversity is one of the buzzwords of our contemporary organizational realm as lack of diversity affects their performance in different perspective. Gender, marital status, age, religion and educational status were the diversity dimensions considered to see the dynamics of diversity. The analysis indicated that Ethiopian higher educational institutions are diversified in terms of the indicated variables and especially are advised to focus on gender and religion diversities. The diversity taxonomy result indicated the following: availability of inclusive climate, fair treatment of employees and hence, they perceive as they are part and parcel of their organization. Furthermore, employees are not subject to stereotyping at work and availability of a clear communication system in Ethiopian higher educational institutions.

Finding and Implication: Diversity can manifest in many ways and it is expressed as the differences in race, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, upbringing, and philosophical views are just a few ways in which people can be diverse. Hence, leaders of Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Ethiopia thus need to create an environment where people with diverse attributes work together to achieve enhanced organizational performance.
Novel finite difference approach to discretize the symplectic dirac operator
Authors: Patra Rashmirekha , Satapathy Nihar Ranjan 
Published: November 2023

Symplectic Dirac operator is an intertwining differential operator. Discretising symplectic Dirac operator gives a new direction to study the quantum space. The construction of discrete symplectic Dirac operator requires the theory of discrete symplectic Clifford analysis or the concept of discrete symplectic connections, which are not explained in literature. In this work, a discretization approach for symplectic Dirac operator is suggested by considering the forward and backward basis vectors on symplectic Clifford algebra. The suggested discrete symplectic Dirac operator is Ds=Ds++Ds- where the Ds+ and Ds- are the forward and backward discrete symplectic Dirac operators, respectively. The new discrete symplectic Dirac operator gives the factorization of discrete Laplacian on symplectic spaces. Further, we establish commutation relations involving forward and backward discrete symplectic Dirac operators in the representation theory.
Evaluation of the Accuracy of a Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Assay for Polymerase Epsilon Mutation Detection in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Tingting , Li Yang , Li Xiao , Zhang Yanyun , Lv Weiguo , Xie Xing , Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Xinyu 
Published: November 2023

Context.—
Molecular stratification of endometrial carcinoma provides more accurate prognostic information than traditional clinicopathologic features. However, because next-generation sequencing is typically recommended for polymerase epsilon (POLE) mutation detection, the practical application of a test based on molecular stratification is limited in the clinical setting.

Objective.—
To evaluate a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based assay for POLE mutation detection in endometrial carcinoma.

Design.—
We developed a PCR-based technology called Dalton Mutation Identifier Technology (Dalton-MIT) that targets 9 mutation sites within POLE exons. Endometrial carcinoma specimens from 613 patients were tested for POLE mutations. Correlations between POLE mutations and patient clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis were analyzed.

Results.—
PCR detection data showed that the incidence rate of POLE mutation was 11.4% (70 of 613). Patients with POLE mutations had better clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis than those with non–POLE mutations. Comparison between Dalton-MIT and next-generation sequencing in 59.5% (365 of 613) of specimens showed that the sensitivity of Dalton-MIT for detecting POLE pathogenic mutations was 100%, the specificity was 99.3%, the Youden index was .993, and the κ value was .981 (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions.—
Our data demonstrate that POLE mutation detection by Dalton-MIT correlates with next-generation sequencing. This suggests that Dalton-MIT represents a promising alternative assay for detecting POLE mutations and will facilitate the wider application of molecular stratification tools for endometrial carcinoma in the clinic.