bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and theoretical study of stress relaxation in high-density polyethylene
Authors: Kroon Martin , Görtz Jakob , Islam Shafiqul , Andreasson Eskil , Petersson Viktor , Jutemar Elin Persson 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStress relaxation of high-density polyethylene is addressed both experimentally and theoretically. Two types of stress relaxation testing are carried out: uniaxial tensile testing at constant test specimen length and compression testing of a 3D structure producing inhomogeneous deformation fields and relaxation. A constitutive model for isotropic, semi-crystalline polymers is also proposed. The model has the ability to model stress relaxation at different time scales. The developed model was implemented as a user subroutine in Abaqus (UMAT). The implicit integration scheme including an algorithmic tangent modulus is described in detail. The material model is calibrated by use of the uniaxial tensile tests, and the model is then validated by simulating the compression tests of the 3D structure. The model is able to describe the uniaxial tension tests well, and the comparison between the simulations and experimental testing of the 3D structure shows very good agreement.
Structure determination needs to go viral
Authors: de Bastos Balbe e Gutierres Matheus , Pedebos Conrado , Bacaicoa-Caruso Paula , Ligabue-Braun Rodrigo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractViral diseases are expected to cause new epidemics in the future, therefore, it is essential to assess how viral diversity is represented in terms of deposited protein structures. Here, data were collected from the Protein Data Bank to screen the available structures of viruses of interest to WHO. Excluding SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1, less than 50 structures were found per year, indicating a lack of diversity. Efforts to determine viral structures are needed to increase preparedness for future public health challenges.
Assessment of bioactive peptides derived from laminin-111 as prospective breast cancer-targeting agents
Authors: Mendonça Fernanda Ferreira , Sobral Danielle Vieira , Durante Ana Claudia Ranucci , Miranda Ana Cláudia Camargo , Mejia Jorge , de Paula Faria Daniele , Marques Fabio Luiz Navarro , de Barboza Marycel Figols , Fuscaldi Leonardo Lima , Malavolta Luciana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreast cancer remains a pressing public health issue primarily affecting women. Recent research has spotlighted bioactive peptides derived from laminin-111, implicated in breast tumor development. Remarkably, the sequences IKVAV, YIGSR, and KAFDITYVRLKF from the α1, β1, and γ1 chains, respectively, have garnered significant attention. This study aims to assess the potential of these radiolabeled peptides as targeting agents for breast cancer. The three peptides were synthesized using the Fmoc strategy, purified via reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and characterized through mass spectrometry. Iodine-131 (131I) radiolabeling was performed using the chloramine T method, exhibiting high radiochemical yield and stability for [131I]I-YIKVAV and [131I]I-YIGSR. Conversely, [131I]I-KAFDITYVRLKF demonstrated low radiochemical yield and stability and was excluded from the biological studies. The lipophilicity of the compounds ranged from − 2.12 to − 1.10. Serum protein binding assay for [131I]I-YIKVAV and [131I]I-YIGSR reached ≅ 48% and ≅ 25%, respectively. Affinity for breast cancer cells was evaluated using MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines, indicating the affinity of the radiopeptides with these tumor cells. Ex vivo biodistribution profiles of the radiopeptides were assessed in the MDA-MB-231 breast tumor animal model, revealing tumor tissue accumulation, supported by a high tumor-to-contralateral muscle ratio and autoradiography. These results signify the effective penetration of YIKVAV and YIGSR into tumor tissue. Therefore, the synthesized α1 and β1 peptide fragments exhibit favorable characteristics as potential breast cancer-targeting agents, promising future exploration as radiopharmaceuticals for breast cancer.
P-stable abstractions of hybrid systems
Authors: Becchi Anna , Cimatti Alessandro , Zaffanella Enea 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStability is a fundamental requirement of dynamical systems. Most of the works concentrate on verifying stability for a given stability region. In this paper, we tackle the problem of synthesizing$${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
-stable abstractions. Intuitively, the $${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
-stable abstraction of a dynamical system characterizes the transitions between stability regions in response to external inputs. The stability regions are not given—rather, they are synthesized as their most precise representation with respect to a given set of predicates $${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
. A $${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
-stable abstraction is enriched by timing information derived from the duration of stabilization. We implement a synthesis algorithm in the framework of Abstract Interpretation that allows different degrees of approximation. We show the representational power of $${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
-stable abstractions that provide a high-level account of the behavior of the system with respect to stability, and we experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm in synthesizing $${\mathbb {P}}$$
P
-stable abstractions for significant systems.
Vagueness as an implicit-encoding persuasive strategy: an experimental approach
Authors: Mannaioli Giorgia , Ansani Alessandro , Coppola Claudia , Lombardi Vallauri Edoardo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe paper provides novel theoretical and experimental perspectives on the functioning of linguistic vagueness as an implicit persuasive strategy. It presents an operative definition of pragmatically marked vagueness, referring to vague expressions whose interpretation is not retrievable by recipients. The phenomenon is illustrated via numerous examples of its use in predominantly persuasive texts (i.e., advertising and political propaganda) in different languages. The psycholinguistic functioning of vague expressions is then illustrated by the results of a self-paced reading task experiment. Data showing shorter reading times associated with markedly vague expressions as compared to expressions that are either (a) lexically more precise or (b) made precise by the context suggest that the former are interpreted in a shallow way, without searching for and/or retrieving exact referents. These results support the validity of a differentiation between context-supported vs. non-supported vague expressions. Furthermore, validation of using marked vagueness as a persuasive implicit strategy which reduces epistemic vigilance is provided.
Flow front mobility of rock avalanches as a function of flow volume, grain size, channel width, basal friction and flow scale
Authors: Cagnoli B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe ability to predict the mobility of rock avalanches is necessary when designing strategies to mitigate the risks they pose. A popular mobility indicator of the flow front is the Heim’s apparent friction coefficient $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

. In the field, $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

shows a decrease in value as flow volume V increases. But this correlation has been a mystery as to whether it is due to a causal relationship between V and mobility since: (1) field data of $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

do not collapse onto a single curve because typically widely scattered and (2) laboratory experiments have shown an opposite volume effect on the center of mass mobility of miniature flows. My numerical simulations confirm for the first time the existence of a functional relationship of scaling parameters where $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

decreases as V increases in unsteady and nonuniform 3D flows. Data scatter is caused by $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

that is affected by numerous other variables besides V. The interplay of these variables produces different granular regimes with opposite volume effects. In particular, $${\mu }_{H}$$

μ
H

decreases as V increases in the regime characterized by a relatively rough subsurface. The relationship holds for large-scale flows that, like rock avalanches, consist of a very large number of fine clasts traveling in wide channels. In these dense flows, flow front mobility increases as flow volume increases, as channel width increases, as grain size decreases, as basal friction decreases and as flow scale increases. Larger-scale flows are more mobile because they have larger Froude number values.
Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the upper Badenian carbonate and siliciclastic nearshore facies in the Vienna Basin (Slovakia)
Authors: Jamrich Michal , Rybár Samuel , Ruman Andrej , Kováčová Marianna , Hudáčková Natália 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive examination of algal bioherm structures, including reefs and carpets that contain nannoplankton and foraminifera, originating from the upper Badenian (middle Miocene) strata of the Vienna Basin in the Central Paratethys. These lithofacies primarily consist of the carbonate red algal genus Lithothamnion. Through an integrated approach that combines calcareous nannoplankton, foraminifera, sedimentology, and palynology, the study explores the Serravallian (upper Badenian) sediments from the Vienna Basin. The biostratigraphic age, consistent with the NN6 and CPN9 zones, is further corroborated by 87Sr/86Sr dating. This research highlights the importance of taphonomic processes and paleoecological proxies in small-scale characterization and detecting short-term shifts within paleoenvironmental conditions. These unique bioherm structures enable a novel description of a limestone formation within the Vienna Basin (Sandberg Formation), which seems pervasive across the Central Paratethys region. The findings uphold the hypothesis of a profound connection between the Mediterranean and Central Paratethys via the Trans-Tethyan Trench Corridor, bolstered by upwelling conditions observed in the eastern perimeter of the Vienna Basin. Two main inhibitory mechanisms for carbonate growth in the Upper Badenian within the Central Paratethys area are confirmed: the first is a substantial siliciclastic influx from the Alps and Carpathians, supported by the ongoing rifting of the Vienna and Danube Basins; the second is the propagation of evaporites in the Transcarpathian and Transylvanian Basins leading to precipitation, which disrupts carbonate growth. This investigation underlines the intertwined relationship between regional geodynamics and carbonate sedimentation processes during the Miocene.
Addressing Inequities in Access to Mental Healthcare: A Policy Analysis of Community Mental Health Systems Serving Minoritized Populations in North Carolina
Authors: Zabelski Sasha , Hollander Mara , Alexander Apryl 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRacial and ethnic minoritized uninsured populations in the United States face the greatest barriers to accessing mental healthcare. Historically, systems of care in the U.S. were set up using inadequate evidence at the federal, state, and local levels, driving inequities in access to quality care for minoritized populations. These inequities are most evident in community-based mental health services, which are partially or fully funded by federal programs and predominantly serve historically minoritized groups. In this descriptive policy analysis, we outline the history of federal legislative policies that have dictated community mental health systems and how these policies were implemented in North Carolina, which has a high percentage of uninsured communities of color. Several gaps between laws passed in the last 60 years and research on improving inequities in access to mental health services are discussed. Recommendations to expand/fix these policies include funding accurate data collection and implementation methods such as electronic health record (EHR) systems to ensure policies are informed by extensive data, implementation of evidence-informed and culturally sensitive interventions, and prioritizing preventative services that move past traditional models of mental healthcare.
Effects of physical exercise during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer on long-term tested and perceived cognition: results of a pragmatic follow-up study
Authors: Naaktgeboren Willeke R. , Koevoets Emmie W. , Stuiver Martijn M. , van Harten Wim H. , Aaronson Neil K. , van der Wall Elsken , Velthuis Miranda , Sonke Gabe , Schagen Sanne B. , Groen Wim G. , May Anne M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) following chemotherapy is commonly reported in breast cancer survivors, even years after treatment. Data from preclinical studies suggest that exercise during chemotherapy may prevent or diminish cognitive problems; however, clinical data are scarce.

Methods
This is a pragmatic follow-up study of two original randomized trials, which compares breast cancer patients randomized to exercise during chemotherapy to non-exercise controls 8.5 years post-treatment. Cognitive outcomes include an online neuropsychological test battery and self-reported cognitive complaints. Cognitive performance was compared to normative data and expressed as age-adjusted z-scores.

Results
A total of 143 patients participated in the online cognitive testing. Overall, cognitive performance was mildly impaired on some, but not all, cognitive domains, with no significant differences between groups. Clinically relevant cognitive impairment was present in 25% to 40% of all participants, regardless of study group. We observed no statistically significant effect of exercise, or being physically active during chemotherapy, on long-term cognitive performance or self-reported cognition, except for the task reaction time, which favored the control group (β = -2.04, 95% confidence interval: -38.48; -2.38). We observed no significant association between self-reported higher physical activity levels during chemotherapy or at follow-up and better cognitive outcomes.

Conclusion
In this pragmatic follow-up study, exercising and being overall more physically active during or after adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was not associated with better tested or self-reported cognitive functioning, on average, 8.5 years after treatment. Future prospective studies are needed to document the complex relationship between exercise and CRCI in cancer survivors.
Fabrication and characterization of 3D-printed composite scaffolds of coral-derived hydroxyapatite nanoparticles/polycaprolactone/gelatin carrying doxorubicin for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Kadi Fatima , Dini Ghasem , Poursamar S. Ali , Ejeian Fatemeh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, nanocomposite scaffolds of hydroxyapatite (HA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin (Gel) with varying amounts of HA (42–52 wt. %), PCL (42–52 wt. %), and Gel (6 wt. %) were 3D printed. Subsequently, a scaffold with optimal mechanical properties was utilized as a carrier for doxorubicin (DOX) in the treatment of bone cancer. For this purpose, HA nanoparticles were first synthesized by the hydrothermal conversion of Acropora coral and characterized by using different techniques. Also, a compression test was performed to investigate the mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds. The mineralization of the optimal scaffold was determined by immersing it in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 28 days, and the biocompatibility was investigated by seeding MG-63 osteoblast-like cells on it after 1–7 days. The obtained results showed that the average size of the synthesized HA particles was about 80 nm. The compressive modulus and strength of the scaffold with 47 wt. % HA was reported to be 0.29 GPa and 9.9 MPa, respectively, which was in the range of trabecular bones. In addition, the scaffold surface was entirely coated with an apatite layer after 28 days of soaking in SBF. Also, the efficiency and loading percentage of DOX were obtained as 30.8 and 1.6%, respectively. The drug release behavior was stable for 14 days. Cytotoxicity and adhesion evaluations showed that the fabricated scaffold had no negative effects on the viability of MG-63 cells and led to their proliferation during the investigated period. From these results, it can be concluded that the HA/PCL/Gel scaffold prepared in this study, in addition to its drug release capability, has good bioactivity, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility, and can be considered a suitable option for bone tumor treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Synthesis of Eu-doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramics and their luminescent and dielectric properties
Authors: Lubszczyk Marta , Brylewski Tomasz , Ziewiec Krzysztof , Kruk Andrzej 
Published: January 2024

AbstractK0.5Na0.5NbO3:xEu sol–gel powders and bulk samples were synthesized by means of a modified sol–gel method. Two types of samples were obtained via sintering at two temperatures. X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of the perovskite phase in materials obtained at both temperatures. Eu3+ emission and excitation studies were conducted to determine its luminescence response. For K0.5Na0.5NbO3:xEu sinters, the excitation spectra included narrow peaks in the VIS range due to the 5D0–7F1 and 5D0–7F2 relaxation processes. These transitions were indicative of the presence of Eu3+ at sites of low symmetry. Dielectric studies indicated that Eu2O3 affected the observed phase transitions. The influence of sintering temperature on structure and physicochemical properties was discussed.
Scarcity and quality risks for future global urban water supply
Authors: Liu Zhifeng , Ying Jiahe , He Chunyang , Guan Dongjie , Pan Xinhao , Dai Yihua , Gong Binghua , He Keren , Lv Caifeng , Wang Xin , Lin Jingyu , Liu Yanxu , Bryan Brett A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Context
Supply of freshwater to the world’s cities is increasingly affected by human pressures and climate change. Understanding the effects of human pressures and climate change on global urban water scarcity and quality risks in an integrated way is important.

Objectives
The objective of this study is to assess the scarcity and quality risks to water security for 304 large cities (population > 1 million) across the world for 2015 and 2050.

Methods
We assessed the water scarcity according to water demand and availability, and evaluated the quality of water supply in terms of the population density, cropland fertilization, and landscape patterns in source watersheds. In addition, the impacts of human pressures and climate change on urban water risks were quantified using contribution analysis.

Results
We found that about 90% of these cities faced water risks in 2015. The number of cities facing quality risk was about three times the number of cities facing scarcity risk, and nearly a quarter faced dual risks. From 2015 to 2050, 88.8–99.7% of cities were projected to face rising water risks with about one-third facing dual risks by 2050. Increase in water demand was the main cause of rising scarcity risk; growth in population and crop fertilization in source watersheds were the main reasons for rising quality risk.

Conclusions
There is an urgent need to promote landscape conservation of urban water source areas, implement sustainable urban water planning and governance, improve water supply infrastructure, and refine ecological compensation regimes to achieve global urban water security.
Rational factionalization for agents with probabilistically related beliefs
Authors: Freeborn David Peter Wallis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGeneral epistemic polarization arises when the beliefs of a population grow further apart, in particular when all agents update on the same evidence. Epistemic factionalization arises when the beliefs grow further apart, but different beliefs also become correlated across the population. I present a model of how factionalization can emerge in a population of ideally rational agents. This kind of factionalization is driven by probabilistic relations between beliefs, with background beliefs shaping how the agents’ beliefs evolve in the light of new evidence. Moreover, I show that in such a model, the only possible outcomes from updating on identical evidence are general convergence or factionalization. Beliefs cannot spread out in all directions: if the beliefs overall polarize, then it must result in factionalization.
Effect of center of rotation of angulation-based levelling osteotomy on instantaneous center of rotation ex vivo
Authors: Miles James Edward , Mazdarani Parisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCranial cruciate ligament rupture is a common cause of femorotibial instability in dogs. Despite numerous techniques being described for achieving joint stabilization, no consensus exists on the optimal management strategy. This ex vivo study utilized the path of the instantaneous center of rotation (ICR) to compare normal, pathological and treated joints. Fluoroscopic recordings of seven limbs from a previous study of canine stifle joint stability following center of rotation of angulation-based levelling osteotomy (CBLO) with and without hamstring loading were analyzed using least-squares approximation of the ICR and estimation of percentage gliding (vs. rolling) to determine if alterations in ICR path and gliding caused by CCL transection and following meniscal release could be normalized by CBLO. In intact joints, the ICR path was located mid-condyle, but this shifted significantly proximally and caudally following CCL transection and medial meniscal release (p < 0.007, p < 0.04). Hamstring loading resulted in qualitative and some quantitative improvements in joint movement based on percentage gliding movement analysis. The ICR path after CBLO remained significantly different to the intact location with or without a hamstring load (p < 0.02, p < 0.04), potentially consistent with CBLO aims of mild residual instability. CBLO resulted in percentage gliding characteristics not significantly different to intact joints (p > 0.08). Qualitative improvements in ICR path and percentage gliding quantities and variability suggest that hamstring loading positively influences joint biomechanics and that further investigation of this role ex vivo and clinically is warranted.