bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABO-incompatible living donor kidney transplantation failure due to acute blood group antibody-dependent rejection triggered by human parvovirus B19 infection: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dai Lin-rui , Wang Xiao-hui , Hou Yi-bo , Zou Zhi-yu , Chen Song , Zhang Wei-jie , Chang Sheng 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundWith the improvement of immunosuppressive regimens, the success rate and availability of ABO-incompatible (ABO-i) kidney transplantation (KT) have gradually increased. However, the management of immunosuppression protocols and complications associated with ABO-i KT is complex. Here, we report a clinical case of ABO-i living donor KT with allograft dysfunction caused by acute blood group antibody-dependent rejection triggered by human parvovirus B19 (B19V).Case reportThe ABO blood group of the recipient was O, and that of the donor was B. The recipient had high baseline anti-B antibody titers (IgM, 1:1024; IgG, 1:64). Before transplantation, he completed a desensitization protocol comprising plasma exchange, double-filtration plasmapheresis, and rituximab, which maintained a low blood group antibody level and resulted in successful transplantation. Two weeks after surgery, the recipient developed a B19V infection combined with acute T-cell-mediated rejection. After the anti-rejection regimen, acute rejection (AR) was successfully reversed, but B19V persisted. One week after AR stabilization, the patient experienced acute antibody-mediated rejection that was more severe and refractory, resulting in the loss of the transplanted kidney.ConclusionDesensitization combined with immunosuppressants can lead to overimmunosuppression and cause various infections. Infections could break the accommodation state of the patient, thereby inducing AR and resulting in the loss of the transplanted kidney.
Therapeutic efficacy of optimal pulse technology in the treatment of chalazions
Authors: Song Xi , Zhang Chunying , Zhang Saisai , He Mansha 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionTo evaluate the efficacy of optimized pulse technology in treating chalazia.MethodsProspective before-after study. All patients received two sessions of optimal pulse technology (OPT) with an interval of 1 week. The first visit was before treatment and the patients underwent 2 treatment sessions with a 1-week interval. The non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score, Schirmer’s test I without anesthesia, conjunctival hyperemia, and meibomian gland area were compared before and after treatment, and the related factors of curative effect were analyzed.Results23 patients (23 eyes) with chalazia were included. All patients received two sessions of OPT treatment at 1-week intervals. Following the first OPT treatment, a reduction in the chalazion size was observed in 17 patients (73.91%). One patient was completely cured, and 1 patient had an increase in the diameter of the chalazion. The meibomian gland area increased significantly compared to before treatment (p = 0.023). Compared with baseline, the conjunctival congestion and ST decreased, NIBUT increased, and there was no statistical difference. After the second treatment, the chalazion size decreased in 21 cases, and 3 patients were cured. A significant increase in the meibomian gland area compared with the baseline area (p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, conjunctival congestion decreased significantly. After two sessions, the Schirmer test exhibited a decrease, and NIBUT increased, although these changes did not reach statistical significance. The curative effect was unrelated to sex, age, first onset, single disease, and other factors.ConclusionAfter treatment, the diameter of chalazions was reduced in 91.3% of the patients, and the area of the meibomian gland was significantly increased compared with that before treatment, which suggested that 2 OPT treatments at an interval of 1 week can improve the signs of adult patients in the non-acute infectious stage with chalazia.
Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation vs. bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhao , Zhou Xianghui , Cheng Zhipeng , Hu Yu 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective treatment for aplastic anemia. Recently, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has gradually replaced traditional bone marrow transplantation (BMT). However, which graft source has a better therapeutic effect and prognosis for aplastic anemia (AA) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library without language limitations for studies using PBSCT or BMT for AA. Data were analyzed using the Open Meta-Analyst.ResultsWe identified 17 of 18,749 studies, including seven comparative reports and nine single-arm reports, with a total of 3,516 patients receiving HSCT (1,328 and 2,188 patients received PBSCT and BMT, respectively). The outcomes of the comparative studies showed similar 5-year overall survival [OS; relative risk (RR) = 0.867; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.747–1.006], similar transplant-related mortality (RR = 1.300; 95%CI, 0.790–2.138), graft failure rate (RR = 0.972; 95%CI, 0.689–1.372) between the PBSCT group and the BMT group, while the PBSCT group had a significantly higher incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD; RR = 1.796; 95% CI, 1.571–2.053) and a higher incidence of grade IV acute GVHD (RR = 1.560; 95% CI, 1.341–1.816) compared to the BMT group. The outcomes of single-arm reports showed similar 3-year OS and incidences of chronic GVHD, acute II–IV GVHD, III–IV GVHD, transplant-related mortality and graft failure rate between PBSCT and BMT.ConclusionBefore 2010, PBSCT was not superior to BMT in terms of 5-year OS, transplant-related mortality and graft failure rate, but it exhibited a higher risk of both chronic and acute GVHD. After 2010, PBSCT and BMT showed similar 3-year OS, GVHD risks, transplant-related mortality and graft failure rate. PB grafts are more suitable for HSCT of the AA for convenience and pain relief.Systematic review registrationwww.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, CRD42023412467.
The realistic positioning of UVA1 phototherapy after 25 years of clinical experience and the availability of new biologics and small molecules: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Calzavara-Pinton Piergiacomo , Bettolini Luca , Tonon Francesco , Rossi Mariateresa , Venturini Marina 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSince the early 1990s, Ultraviolet (UV) A1 phototherapy has been described as an effective and safe treatment of a multitude of skin disorders. However, after 30 years, its use has remained limited to few dermatological centers.ObjectiveTo analyze the changes over the years and the current position of UVA1 phototherapy through a Real-World Evidence (RWE) study at a single tertiary referral center.MethodsWe reviewed the medical files of 740 patients treated between 1998 and 2022. Treatment results were collected, efficacy was assessed by a grading scale and acute adverse effects were registered.ResultsWe treated patients with 26 different diseases. We registered marked improvement (MI) or complete remission (CR) in 42.8% of patients with morphea, 50% with Urticaria Pigmentosa, 40.7% with Granuloma annulare and 85.7% with skin sarcoidosis. Good results were obtained also in the treatment of chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD), Eosinophilic Fasciitis, Sclero-atrophic Lichen, skin manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis of HIV+ patients. Systemic Sclerosis, Romberg’s Syndrome, Bushke’s Scleredema, Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy, REM Syndrome, Follicular Mucinosis, Pretibial Myxedema, Scleromyxedema, pemphigus foliaceus, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, erythroderma of Netherton Syndrome and Necrobiosis Lipoidica were no or poorly responsive. In clinical indications where UVA1 was used as a second line phototherapy after narrow-band (NB)-UVB, we saw good MI or CR rates in Mycosis Fungoides (57% of patients), Atopic Dermatitis (33.9%), Pitiryasis Lichenoides chronica (50%), Pityriasis Lichenoides et varioliformis acute (75%) and Lymphomatod Papulosis (62.5%). Short-term adverse events were uncommon and mild.ConclusionOver the past decade, the annual number of treated patients has progressively declined for several reasons. Firstly, UVA1 phototherapy has taken a backseat to the cheaper and more practical NB-UVB phototherapy, which has proven effective for common indications. Secondly, the emergence of new, safe, and effective drugs for conditions such as atopic dermatitis, GVHD, and connective tissue disorders. Finally, our research has shown that UVA1 therapy is often ineffective or minimally effective for some rare diseases, contrary to previous case reports and small case series. Nonetheless, UVA1 continues to be a valuable treatment option for patients with specific skin disorders.
Microbacterium spp. peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: a single-center experience and literature review
Authors: Yu Xiao , Li Zhao , Yang Xinbo , Wang Xiaopei , Nan Di , Lu Wanhong , Lv Jing , Ma Ying 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionPeritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) caused by Microbacterium spp. is very rare, with only 9 cases reported to date. In this study, we report the treatment experiences of 7 patients at our peritoneal dialysis center.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical characteristics and antibiotic management of all 7 episodes of PDRP caused by Microbacterium spp. in 7 patients from at our center over 4 years, and reviewed the documented Microbacterium spp. PDRP in the literature.ResultsEmpiric antibiotic therapy was initiated as soon as possible, and consisted of intraperitoneal (IP) gentamicin in combination with vancomycin. After up to 5 days, gentamicin was changed to meropenem if the treatment was not effective. The intended course of antibiotic treatment was 21-day. Totally, 6 episodes were cured (85.7%), which was higher than reported.ConclusionThe 21-day antibiotic therapy program by combining vancomycin and meropenem may benefit the management of Microbacterium spp. PDRP.
Mitochondrial genome diversity across the subphylum Saccharomycotina
Authors: Wolters John F. , LaBella Abigail L. , Opulente Dana A. , Rokas Antonis , Hittinger Chris Todd 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionEukaryotic life depends on the functional elements encoded by both the nuclear genome and organellar genomes, such as those contained within the mitochondria. The content, size, and structure of the mitochondrial genome varies across organisms with potentially large implications for phenotypic variance and resulting evolutionary trajectories. Among yeasts in the subphylum Saccharomycotina, extensive differences have been observed in various species relative to the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but mitochondrial genome sampling across many groups has been scarce, even as hundreds of nuclear genomes have become available.MethodsBy extracting mitochondrial assemblies from existing short-read genome sequence datasets, we have greatly expanded both the number of available genomes and the coverage across sparsely sampled clades.ResultsComparison of 353 yeast mitochondrial genomes revealed that, while size and GC content were fairly consistent across species, those in the genera Metschnikowia and Saccharomyces trended larger, while several species in the order Saccharomycetales, which includes S. cerevisiae, exhibited lower GC content. Extreme examples for both size and GC content were scattered throughout the subphylum. All mitochondrial genomes shared a core set of protein-coding genes for Complexes III, IV, and V, but they varied in the presence or absence of mitochondrially-encoded canonical Complex I genes. We traced the loss of Complex I genes to a major event in the ancestor of the orders Saccharomycetales and Saccharomycodales, but we also observed several independent losses in the orders Phaffomycetales, Pichiales, and Dipodascales. In contrast to prior hypotheses based on smaller-scale datasets, comparison of evolutionary rates in protein-coding genes showed no bias towards elevated rates among aerobically fermenting (Crabtree/Warburg-positive) yeasts. Mitochondrial introns were widely distributed, but they were highly enriched in some groups. The majority of mitochondrial introns were poorly conserved within groups, but several were shared within groups, between groups, and even across taxonomic orders, which is consistent with horizontal gene transfer, likely involving homing endonucleases acting as selfish elements.DiscussionAs the number of available fungal nuclear genomes continues to expand, the methods described here to retrieve mitochondrial genome sequences from these datasets will prove invaluable to ensuring that studies of fungal mitochondrial genomes keep pace with their nuclear counterparts.
The causal relationship between gut microbiota and leukemia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Guanjun , Kuang Zheshu , Li Fan , Li Jianchang 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe association between gut microbiota and leukemia has been established, but the causal relationship between the two remains unclear.MethodsA bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyze the causal relationship between gut microbiota and leukemia. Microbiome data (n = 14,306) and leukemia (n = 1,145) data were both sourced from European populations. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables based on several criteria. We employed various MR methods, such as the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, to evaluate the causal effect between exposure and outcomes and conducted sensitivity analyses to validate the heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the instrumental variables.Results5,742 qualified instrumental variables were included. In the primary MR results, a total of 10 gut microbial taxa were associated with leukemia risk. Genus Blautia and genus Lactococcus are risk factors for acute lymphoblastic leukemia [genus Blautia odds ratio (OR): 1.643, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.592 ~ 1.695, Adjusted p &lt; 0.001; genus Lactococcus OR: 2.152, 95% CI: 1.447 ~ 3.199, Adjusted p = 0.011]. Genus Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group, genus Anaerostipes, genus Slackia, and genus Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group are risk factors for acute myeloid leukemia [genus Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group OR: 1.964, 95% CI: 1.573 ~ 2.453, Adjusted p &lt; 0.001; genus Anaerostipes OR: 2.515, 95% CI: 1.503 ~ 4.209, Adjusted p = 0.017; genus Slackia OR: 2.553, 95% CI: 1.481 ~ 4.401, Adjusted p = 0.022; genus Lachnospiraceae ND3007 group OR: 3.417, 95% CI: 1.960 ~ 5.959, Adjusted p = 0.001]. Genus Ruminococcaceae UCG011 and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG014 were risk factors for chronic myeloid leukemia (genus Ruminococcaceae UCG011 OR: 2.010, 95% CI: 1.363 ~ 2.963, Adjusted p = 0.044; genus Ruminococcaceae UCG014 OR: 3.101, 95% CI: 1.626 ~ 5.915, Adjusted p = 0.044). Genus Slackia was a protective factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (genus Slackia OR: 0.166, 95% CI: 0.062 ~ 0.443, Adjusted p = 0.017). Family Acidaminococcaceae was a protective factor for acute myeloid leukemia (family Acidaminococcaceae OR: 0.208, 95% CI: 0.120 ~ 0.361, Adjusted p &lt; 0.001). Genus Desulfovibrio was a protective factor for chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (genus Desulfovibrio OR: 0.581, 95% CI: 0.440 ~ 0.768, Adjusted p = 0.020). Sensitivity analysis revealed no heterogeneity or pleiotropy between SNPs.ConclusionThis study revealed the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and leukemia, and identified potential pathogenic bacteria and probiotic taxa associated with the onset of leukemia. This research may aid in the early detection of various types of leukemia and offer a new direction for the prevention and treatment of leukemia.
Alterations of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids induced by Balantidium polyvacuolum in the hindgut of Xenocyprinae fishes providing new insights into the relationship among protozoa, gut microbiota and host
Authors: Bu Xialian , Li Zhongyang , Zhao Weishan , Zeng Qingwen , Chen Yushun , Li Wenxiang , Zou Hong , Li Ming , Wang Guitang 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionParasitic ciliates are protozoans with a global distribution. Along with the gut microbiota, they have formed a micro-ecosystem that affects the host’s nutrition, metabolism, and immunity. The interactions and relationships among the three components of this microecosystem (protozoa, gut microbiota, and host) remain only partially understood. Xenocypris fish and the unique ciliate Balantidium polyvacuolum in its hindgut are good materials to study the interplay.MethodsIn this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) identification were used. Network was also constructed to understand their relationships.ResultsWe found that the gut microbiota of B. polyvacuolum-infected X. davidi and X. argentea had higher diversity, richness, and evenness than uninfected ones. B. polyvacuolum could lead to an increase of Fusobacterium and Chloroflexi in both X. davidi and X. argentea, while significantly increase the abundance of genera Romboutsia and Clostridium in X. argentea. Besides, B. polyvacuolum could significantly increase the content of total SCFAs and acetic acid in X. davidi and increase the concentrations of propionic, isobutyric and butanoic acids in X. argentea. Furthermore, correlation analyses showed that B. polyvacuolum may alter SCFAs by affecting key SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Clostridium and Cetobacterium.DiscussionThis study greatly expands our understanding of relationships among B. polyvacuolum, gut microbiota and host Xenocypris fish, which sheds new insights into the mechanism of interaction among protozoa, gut microbiota and host.
Genotype and environment factors driven licorice growth and rhizospheric soil fungal community changes
Authors: Han Tingting , Li Xianen , Luo Dan , Ji Changhao , Chen Caixia , He Chao 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionLicorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is a widely recognized significant form of medicine in China, with a long-standing history and extensive usage. It is considered the oldest and most prevalent herbal medicine in China. Currently, the licorice market is confronted with the primary challenges of mixed genotypes, inconsistent quality, and inadequate glycyrrhizic acid content.MethodsWe conducted field experiments to investigate the impact of various cultivation locations on the growth characteristics, active ingredients, rhizospheric soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities of licorice that ten different genotypes.ResultsThe findings indicated significant variations in these parameters across ten different genotypes of licorice originating from two distinct production regions. The growth characteristics of licorice were primarily influenced by genotype, whereas the active ingredients of licorice were mainly influenced by environmental factors and soil physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the rhizospheric soil physicochemical properties of licorice plants were more influenced by environmental factors than genotypes. Additionally, the distribution of rhizospheric soil fungi in licorice plants of the same genotype exhibited significant variations across different cultivation areas. The utilization of structural equation model synthesis reveals variations in the quantity and strength of pathways that influence the growth characteristics, active ingredients, and rhizospheric soil microbial community of licorice across different cultivation regions.DiscussionBased on the main results, according to its growth characteristics and active ingredients, Z009 proved to be the most suitable genotype for cultivation in Jingtai. From a perspective centered on the active ingredient, Z010 proved to be the most optimal genotype for licorice cultivation in both production areas. Our study aims to enhance the understanding of the ecological adaptability of various genotypes of licorice resources and to identify appropriate licorice genotypes for specific cultivation regions. This research holds significant practical implications for enhancing the yield and quality of licorice, thereby improving its overall development.
Identification of cuproptosis-related biomarkers and analysis of immune infiltration in allograft lung ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Qin Jianying , Xiao Xiaoyue , Li Silin , Wen Ning , Qin Ke , Li Haibin , Wu Jihua , Lu Bing , Li Minghu , Sun Xuyong 
Published: November 2023

Background: Allograft lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (ALIRI) is a major cause of early primary graft dysfunction and poor long-term survival after lung transplantation (LTx); however, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Cell death is a mechanism underlying ALIRI. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death. To date, no studies have been conducted on the mechanisms by which cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) regulate ALIRI. Therefore, we explored the potential biomarkers related to cuproptosis to provide new insights into the treatment of ALIRI.Materials and methods: Datasets containing pre- and post-LTx lung biopsy samples and CRGs were obtained from the GEO database and previous studies. We identified differentially expressed CRGs (DE-CRGs) and performed functional analyses. Biomarker genes were selected using three machine learning algorithms. The ROC curve and logistic regression model (LRM) of these biomarkers were constructed. CIBERSORT was used to calculate the number of infiltrating immune cells pre- and post-LTx, and the correlation between these biomarkers and immune cells was analyzed. A competing endogenous RNA network was constructed using these biomarkers. Finally, the biomarkers were verified in a validation set and a rat LTx model using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Results: Fifteen DE-CRGs were identified. GO analysis revealed that DE-CRGs were significantly enriched in the mitochondrial acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate, protein lipoylation, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and copper-transporting ATPase activity. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DE-CRGs were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, carbon metabolism, and the TCA cycle. NFE2L2, NLRP3, LIPT1, and MTF1 were identified as potential biomarker genes. The AUC of the ROC curve for each biomarker was greater than 0.8, and the LRM provided an excellent classifier with an AUC of 0.96. These biomarkers were validated in another dataset and a rat LTx model, which exhibited good performance. In the CIBERSORT analysis, differentially expressed immune cells were identified, and the biomarkers were associated with the immune cells.Conclusion:NFE2L2, NLRP3, LIPT1, and MTF1 may serve as predictors of cuproptosis and play an important role in the pathogenesis of cuproptosis in ALIRI.