bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principal components analysis in stylometry
Authors: Craig Hugh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Principal components analysis (PCA) has been one of the staple methods used in stylometry. In a 2021 article, Pervez Rizvi casts doubt on this method and argues that some widely cited results based on it should be set aside. In the current article, I show that none of Rizvi’s theoretical claims or experimental results stand up to examination. Rizvi argues that discarding the principal components beyond the first two makes the method unreliable, but permutation testing of PCAs shows that the top components in these trials are significant and robust, and the results across many experiments show the combination of the first and second component to be effective in classification. Rizvi argues that PCA components must be treated separately, and much of his critique of the PCA method is based on this standpoint, but this is not the practice in the work presented in the publications he cites or in the wider literature. Rizvi is unable to replicate a chart in an article by Craig, but his replication, unlike the original, does not account for the widely varying sizes of samples in his data. The current article shows that Rizvi’s claims are misguided and that using PCA in the Burrows tradition to find and formalize authorial discriminations in text samples from plays of the Shakespearean era is efficacious and robust.
Lunar occultations events from the Earth–Moon equilateral Lagrangian point: simulations and scientific potential
Authors: Richichi A , Fors O , Canales D , Patel K , Mendoza Zambrano L E , Criscola F , Bevilacqua R , Eikenberry S S , Gómez J M 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Recently, a novel idea has been proposed to use a spacecraft orbiting closely around the L4 or L5 Lagrangian points of the Earth–Moon system as a vantage location for astronomical observations under unique and advantageous conditions, e.g. to investigate the Solar corona or Kordylewski clouds. In this paper, we explore the scientific advantages of this configuration to observe lunar occultations. By using simulations based on actual orbital parameters and detector performance, we find that even a telescope as small as 10 cm in a L4 orbit would enable better light-curve sampling and higher angular resolution than from ground, and open up at the same time new spectral windows such as e.g. in the UV. We focus in particular on angular diameter measurements, which we find would be possible at the 100 $\mu$as level even at magnitudes normally considered faint in the context of ground-based LOs. Considerable benefits would also be afforded in the area of small separation binary objects, not just in terms of angular resolution but also by the capability of L4-based observations to repeat an LO scan of a source at multiple different position angles. Additional science cases would be made possible by the high time resolution intrinsic to the LO technique and the access to UV wavelengths. On-board data pipeline codes already exist, greatly simplifying the automatic pre-processing and the data transfer requirements.
Tidal dissipation in rotating and evolving giant planets with application to exoplanet systems
Authors: Lazovik Yaroslav A , Barker Adrian J , de Vries Nils B , Astoul Aurélie 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We study tidal dissipation in models of rotating giant planets with masses in the range 0.1–10MJ throughout their evolution. Our models incorporate a frequency-dependent turbulent effective viscosity acting on equilibrium tides (including its modification by rapid rotation consistent with hydrodynamical simulations) and inertial waves in convection zones, and internal gravity waves in the thin radiative atmospheres. We consider a range of planetary evolutionary models for various masses and strengths of stellar instellation. Dissipation of inertial waves is computed using a frequency-averaged formalism fully accounting for planetary structures. Dissipation of gravity waves in the radiation zone is computed assuming these waves are launched adiabatically and are subsequently fully damped (by wave breaking/radiative damping). We compute modified tidal quality factors Q′ and evolutionary time-scales for these planets as a function of their ages. We find inertial waves to be the dominant mechanism of tidal dissipation in giant planets whenever they are excited. Their excitation requires the tidal period (Ptide) to be longer than half the planetary rotation (Prot/2), and we predict inertial waves to provide a typical Q′ ∼ 103(Prot/1d)2, with values between 105 and 106 for a 10-d period. We show correlations of observed exoplanet eccentricities with tidal circularization time-scale predictions, highlighting the key role of planetary tides. A major uncertainty in planetary models is the role of stably-stratified layers resulting from compositional gradients, which we do not account for here, but which could modify predictions for tidal dissipation rates.
On the extremely low polarization in Comet C/2023 P1 (Nishimura)
Authors: Zheltobryukhov Maxim , Zubko Evgenij , Chornaya Ekaterina , Kochergin Anton , Hines Dean C , Videen Gorden 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
On September 6 and 7 of 2023, we measured the degree of linear polarization of Comet C/2023 P1 (Nishimura) with the R filter. Our observations reveal an extremely low amplitude of positive polarization. Our modelling suggests Mg-rich silicate dust particles are the dominant species in the coma; whereas, an alternative explanation is that such low positive polarization in comets is attributed to the depolarizing effect of their gaseous emission. These two alternative explanations predict dramatically different polarimetric responses at small phase angle that can be discriminated in future polarimetric observations of Comet C/2023 P1 (Nishimura).
Association of Chronic Medical Conditions With Severe Outcomes Among Nonpregnant Adults 18–49 Years Old Hospitalized With Influenza, FluSurv-NET, 2011–2019
Authors: Famati Efemona A , Ujamaa Dawud , O’Halloran Alissa , Kirley Pam Daily , Chai Shua J , Armistead Isaac , Alden Nisha B , Yousey-Hindes Kimberly , Openo Kyle P , Ryan Patricia A , Monroe Maya L , Falkowski Anna , Kim Sue , Lynfield Ruth , McMahon Melissa , Angeles Kathy M , Khanlian Sarah A , Spina Nancy L , Bennett Nancy M , Gaitán Maria A , Shiltz Eli , Lung Krista , Thomas Ann , Talbot H Keipp , Schaffner William , George Andrea , Staten Holly , Bozio Catherine H , Garg Shikha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Older age and chronic conditions are associated with severe influenza outcomes; however, data are only comprehensively available for adults ≥65 years old. Using data from the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), we identified characteristics associated with severe outcomes in adults 18–49 years old hospitalized with influenza.

Methods
We included FluSurv-NET data from nonpregnant adults 18–49 years old hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2011–2012 through 2018–2019 seasons. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to determine associations between select characteristics and severe outcomes including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and in-hospital death.

Results
A total of 16 140 patients aged 18–49 years and hospitalized with influenza were included in the analysis; the median age was 39 years, and 26% received current-season influenza vaccine before hospitalization. Obesity, asthma, and diabetes mellitus were the most common chronic conditions. Conditions associated with a significantly increased risk of severe outcomes included age group 30–39 or 40–49 years (IMV, age group 30–39 years: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.25; IMV, age group 40–49 years: aOR, 1.36; death, age group 30–39 years: aOR, 1.28; death, age group 40–49 years: aOR, 1.69), being unvaccinated (ICU: aOR, 1.18; IMV: aOR, 1.25; death: aOR, 1.48), and having chronic conditions including extreme obesity and chronic lung, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurologic, or liver diseases (ICU: range aOR, 1.22–1.56; IMV: range aOR, 1.17–1.54; death: range aOR, 1.43–2.36).

Conclusions
To reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza among adults aged 18–49 years, health care providers should strongly encourage receipt of annual influenza vaccine and lifestyle/behavioral modifications, particularly among those with chronic medical conditions.
Clinical valve thrombosis and arterial embolism in a cancer patient after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Sawano Shinnosuke , Miura Mizuki , Higashikuni Yasutomi , Saigusa Hiroyuki , Kodera Satoshi , Takeda Norifumi , Hatano Masaru , Ando Jiro , Ono Minoru , Komuro Issei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The number of cancer patients with severe aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasing in the aging population. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established treatment option for severe aortic stenosis with high surgical risk, including individuals with cancer. Antithrombotic therapy should be considered for post-TAVR or AF patients. However, antithrombotic management in cancer patients remains challenging due to the increased risk of both thromboembolism and bleeding. We present a case of clinical valve thrombosis and arterial embolism after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in an elderly patient with a history of metastatic pancreatic cancer and permanent atrial fibrillation under treatment of single antiplatelet therapy. Warfarin treatment after successful surgical thrombectomy to the occluded arteries improved clinical valve thrombosis, although the long-term outcome remains unclear. This case demonstrates that novel management algorithms for thromboembolism and bleeding in elderly cancer patients with AF and valvular heart disease are urgently needed.
Intestinal perforation as a first presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: unusual case report
Authors: Khalayli Naram , Aldeeb Maria , Abouharb Dani , Abouharb Lana , Kudsi Maysoun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) vasculitis typically involves upper and lower airways and kidneys. Gastrointestinal involvement is rare, clinically reported as esophageal involvement, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, intestinal perforation, colitis, and pancreatitis. Case presentation: We present a 36 old man, with intestinal perforation, laterally diagnosed as granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Discussion: Only a few cases of intestinal perforation have been reported in the medical literature. GI symptoms may be present after the disease diagnosis in years. Intestinal perforation usually required surgery. The frequent kidney involvement of GPA is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, presented as acute kidney injury, usually accompanied by GI symptoms. Cyclophosphamide plus corticosteroids remain the effective therapy. The patient with GPA had a normal life expectancy due to the advances in treatment. Renal involvement and GI manifestations are considered bad prognosis predictors. Conclusion: This case report illustrates the need to consider intestinal perforation in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, early surgical intervention and appropriate immunosuppressive therapy can be lifesaving.
Spatially explicit Bayesian hierarchical models improve estimates of avian population status and trends
Authors: Smith Adam C , D. Binley Allison , Daly Lindsay , Edwards Brandon P M , Ethier Danielle , Frei Barbara , Iles David , Meehan Timothy D , Michel Nicole L , Smith Paul A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Population trend estimates form the core of avian conservation assessments in North America and indicate important changes in the state of the natural world. The models used to estimate these trends would be more efficient and informative for conservation if they explicitly considered the spatial locations of the monitoring data. We created spatially explicit versions of some standard status and trend models applied to long-term monitoring data for birds across North America. We compared the spatial models to simpler non-spatial versions of the same models, fitting them to simulated data and real data from 3 broad-scale monitoring programs: the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), the Christmas Bird Count, and a collection of programs we refer to as Migrating Shorebird Surveys. All the models generally reproduced the simulated trends and population trajectories when there were many data, and the spatial models performed better when there were fewer data and in locations where the local trends differed from the range-wide means. When fit to real data, the spatial models revealed interesting spatial patterns in trend, such as recent population increases along the Appalachian Mountains for the Eastern Whip-poor-will (Antrostomus vociferus), that were much less apparent in results from the non-spatial versions. The spatial models also had higher out-of-sample predictive accuracy than the non-spatial models for a selection of species using BBS data. The spatially explicit sharing of information allows fitting the models with much smaller strata, allowing for finer-grained patterns in trends. Spatially informed trends will facilitate more locally relevant conservation, highlight areas of conservation successes and challenges, and help generate and test hypotheses about the spatially dependent drivers of population change.
Trauma-Informed Cultural Humility Mental Health Practice: Centering History among African American Women
Authors: Hong Sunghyun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Social work has made significant strides in providing mental health services. However, advancement in mental health practices grounded in social work values, such as trauma-informed care and cultural humility mental health practice (CHMHP), is still lacking. One possible reason is that many strategies overlook clients’ historical contexts, particularly the collective history held by the community to which the client belongs. By centering “history” in social work practices, clinical social workers can be more equipped to provide high-quality, client-centered services. This article advocates for adopting trauma-informed CHMHP as a critical strategy to elevate history in clinical social work practice and proposes that trauma-informed CHMHP can improve mental health service quality among clients of color who are profoundly disrupted by historical trauma. Specifically, this article proposes that using trauma-informed CHMHP to address historical trauma can enhance mental health treatment outcomes and experiences for African American women. Clinical social workers trained to address these interconnected issues can help reduce disparities in quality treatment access.
Reconstructing relative transmission rates in Bayesian phylodynamics: Two-fold transmission advantage of Omicron in Berlin, Germany during December 2021
Authors: Weber Ariane , Översti Sanni , Kühnert Denise 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Phylodynamic methods have lately played a key role in understanding the spread of infectious diseases. During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, large scale genomic surveillance has further increased the potential of dynamic inference from viral genomes. With the continual emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, explicitly allowing transmission rate differences between simultaneously circulating variants in phylodynamic inference is crucial. In this study, we present and empirically validate an extension to the BEAST2 package birth–death skyline model (BDSKY), BDSKY$\lambda $, which introduces a scaling factor for the transmission rate between independent, jointly inferred trees. In an extensive simulation study, we show that BDSKY$\lambda $ robustly infers the relative transmission rates under different epidemic scenarios. Using publicly available genome data of SARS-CoV-2, we apply BDSKY$\lambda $ to quantify the transmission advantage of the Omicron over the Delta variant in Berlin, Germany. We find the overall transmission rate of Omicron to be scaled by a factor of two with pronounced variation between the individual clusters of each variant. These results quantify the transmission advantage of Omicron over the previously circulating Delta variant, in a crucial period of pre-established non-pharmaceutical interventions. By inferring variant- as well as cluster-specific transmission rate scaling factors, we show the differences in transmission dynamics for each variant. This highlights the importance of incorporating lineage-specific transmission differences in phylodynamic inference.
Ten-Year Outcomes of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Quinto Ernesto S. , Paisner Noah D. , Huish Eric G. , Senegor Moris 
Published: November 2023

Study Design.
A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and comparative retrospective cohort studies.

Objective.
The purpose of this study is to compare the 10-year outcomes of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) with those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD).

Summary of Background Data.
ACDF is the gold standard for the treatment of CDDD. However, the loss of motion at the operative level may accelerate adjacent segment disease (ASD). The preservation of motion with CDA attempts to prevent this complication of cervical fusion. Short-term and mid-term data reveal comparable results for CDA versus ACDF; however, long-term results are unknown.

Materials and Methods.
A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed to determine if CDA had improved outcomes compared with ACDF at 10-year follow-up. PubMed and Web of Science database searches through 2023 were performed to identify randomized controlled trials and comparative retrospective cohort studies involving treatment of one-level or two-level CDDD.

Results.
Six studies were eligible for analysis. CDA had significantly improved neck disability index and visual analog scale scores but lower Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores compared to ACDF at 10-year follow-up (P < 0.05). None of these results met minimal clinically important differences. CDA had significantly fewer secondary surgeries and adverse events compared to ACDF (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in neurological success.

Conclusions.
The authors found that significantly fewer secondary surgeries and adverse events were seen after CDA than after ACDF at 10-year follow-up. CDA had statistically, but not clinically, improved neck disability index and visual analog scale scores but lower Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores in comparison to ACDF. CDA was not significantly different from ACDF in terms of a successful neurological outcome.
A Bibliometric Analysis of the 100 Most Cited Articles in Cornea
Authors: Thanitcul Chanon , Khan Asher , Justin Grant A. , Srikumaran Divya , Soiberman Uri S. , Riaz Kamran M. , Woreta Fasika A. 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
To identify the 100 most-cited articles in cornea to provide a bibliometric perspective of highly relevant works in recent years.

Methods:
The ISI Web of Knowledge database was selected as a bibliographic database to search for cornea-related articles published between 2013 and 2021. The search was performed in June 2022 and was conducted in all medical and scientific journals available on the database. The search was also refined to include articles in the “Ophthalmology” category.

Results:
Most articles were published in Ophthalmology (22%), followed by the American Journal of Ophthalmology (15%), Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (12%), and Cornea (8%). The corresponding authors were from 22 countries, predominantly from the United States (22%), China (14%), and Japan (11%). The most common study types include case series (31%), randomized clinical trials (15%), and cross-sectional studies (12%). The major topics of these articles included dry eye disease (19%), crosslinking (16%), keratoconus (12%), and keratoplasty (11%). There was a statistically significant correlation between the number of years since publication and the number of citations per year (Pearson's correlation coefficient = −0.80, P < 0.001). COVID-related articles (5%) also demonstrated significantly higher numbers of citations per year compared to the rest of the articles (mean numbers of citations per year: 69.1 vs. 18.5, P = 0.003). There were 16 institutions that produced more than 1 article in the top 100 articles.

Conclusions:
This bibliometric study provided a unique perspective of the most relevant trends and themes of research in cornea in recent years.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Bayesian-Guided Beta-Lactam Infusion Strategy and Associated Bacterial Resistance and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Severe Pneumonia
Authors: Maranchick Nicole F. , Trillo-Alvarez Cesar , Kariyawasam Vidhu , Venugopalan Veena , Kwara Awewura , Rand Kenneth , Peloquin Charles A. , Alshaer Mohammad H. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health concern worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of beta-lactam infusion on the emergence of bacterial resistance in patients with severe pneumonia in the intensive care unit.

Methods:
Adult intensive care patients receiving cefepime, meropenem, or piperacillin–tazobactam for severe pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria were randomized to receive beta-lactams as an intermittent (30 minutes) or continuous (24 hours) infusion. Respiratory samples for culture and susceptibility testing, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), were collected once a week for up to 4 weeks. Beta-lactam plasma concentrations were measured and therapeutic drug monitoring was performed using Bayesian software as the standard of care.

Results:
The study was terminated early owing to slow enrollment. Thirty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Cefepime (n = 22) was the most commonly prescribed drug at randomization, followed by piperacillin (n = 8) and meropenem (n = 5). Nineteen patients were randomized into the continuous infusion arm and 16 into the intermittent infusion arm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common respiratory isolate (n = 19). Eighteen patients were included in the final analyses. No differences in bacterial resistance were observed between arms (P = 0.67). No significant differences in superinfection (P = 1), microbiological cure (P = 0.85), clinical cure at day 7 (P = 0.1), clinical cure at end of therapy (P = 0.56), mortality (P = 1), intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.37), or hospital length of stay (P = 0.83) were observed. Achieving 100% ƒT > MIC (P = 0.04) and ƒT > 4 × MIC (P = 0.02) increased likelihood of clinical cure at day 7 of therapy.

Conclusions:
No differences in the emergence of bacterial resistance or clinical outcomes were observed between intermittent and continuous infusions. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment may be associated with a clinical cure on day 7.