bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study and ANFIS modelling of the thermophysical properties and efficacy of GNP-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids of different concentrations and temperatures
Authors: Borode Adeola , Tshephe Thato , Olubambi Peter , Sharifpur Mohsen , Meyer Josua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study delves into an extensive investigation of the thermophysical properties and heat transfer efficacy of a hybrid nanofluid incorporating graphene nanoplatelets and γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles dispersed in deionised water. The nanofluids were characterised for their viscosity (µ), thermal conductivity (λ), and electrical conductivity (σ) over a 15–40 °C temperature range for varying nanoparticle loading (0.1–0.4 vol%). The experimental results revealed notable enhancements in µ, λ, and σ with increasing nanoparticle concentration, while µ decreased at elevated temperatures as λ and σ increased. At the highest concentration (0.4 vol%), µ increased by 21.74%, while λ and σ exhibited peak enhancements of 17.82% and 393.36% at 40 °C. An Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model was devised to enhance predictive precision by meticulously optimising the number of membership functions (MFs) and input MF type. The ANFIS architecture that exhibited the most remarkable agreement with the experimental data for µ, λ, and σ was found to utilise the Product of Sigmas, Difference of Sigmas, and Generalized Bell MFs, respectively, with corresponding input MF numbers being 2–3, 3–2, and 3–2. The optimal ANFIS model for µ, λ, and σ exhibits a higher prediction accuracy with an R2 value of 0.99965, 0.99424 and 0.99995, respectively. The Figure of Merit analysis using Mouromtseff Number identified an optimal nanoparticle concentration range of 0.1–0.2 vol% for enhanced heat transfer performance with a reasonable µ increase. This range guides practitioners in utilising hybrid nanofluids effectively while managing potential drawbacks.
Possibilities of battery-free AACloth for augmentative and alternative communication: views of parents of children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Elo Charlotta , Virkki Johanna , Vihriälä Tanja , Ihalainen Tiina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that primarily affects body movement, muscle coordination, and muscle tone. Non-progressive brain injury or abnormal brain development that occurs while the child’s brain is under development causes CP. It is estimated that 40–85% of children with CP have communication difficulties. Children with communication difficulties can benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, studies have shown that several challenges in using AAC exist. Developing existing AAC methods and creating new AAC solutions are important to enable everyone to communicate and express themselves without barriers. This qualitative study aims to investigate how parents of children with CP would use a wireless and battery-free, passive radio-frequency identification (RFID)-based e-textile—AACloth—as an AAC solution. The research was conducted via an online survey. Parents with a child under 15 with CP and communication difficulties were included. Parents were recruited by distributing the survey invitation via the Finnish CP Association’s monthly newsletter, Facebook page, and social media groups. Nine parents participated. Based on parents’ views, the AACloth could solve some of the challenges associated with existing AAC methods. This research provides perspectives on what kinds of factors should be considered when developing existing and new AAC aids.
Larval secretions of parasitoid wasps are new effectors that impair host immune defences
Authors: Pang Lan , Dong Zhi , Liu Zhiguo , Feng Ting , Shi Wenqi , Lu Yueqi , Sheng Yifeng , Chen Jiani , Guan Xueying , Chen Xuexin , Huang Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractParasitoid wasps belong to a remarkably successful group of biological control agents. To ensure effective parasitism, parasitoid wasps have evolved various effectors to modulate host immune responses, such as venom, PDVs and teratocytes. However, little information is available for wasp larval secretions. Here, we applied the Drosophila parasitoids Leptopilina boulardi and L. heterotoma as a study model to investigate the larval secreted components and the potential molecules manipulating host immune responses. We obtained 388 and 30 larval secreted proteins from L. boulardi and L. heterotoma, respectively. These results were consistent with the fact that L. boulardi larvae encounter more severe immune challenges in comparison with L. heterotoma. We further revealed that parasitoid wasps have evolved specialized secreted proteins to inhibit host melanization responses via serpins, as well as a group of metalloproteases may contribute to impairing host encapsulation responses. Our findings provide the evidence that larval secretions of parasitoid wasps are new effectors and further uncover their potential roles in manipulating host immune responses.
Energy-efficient limit cycle walking in disturbance based on nonlinear model predictive control
Authors: Hanazawa Yuta , Nishinami Haruka , Sagara Shinichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we present a novel approach to generate limit cycle walking using nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). Output-zeroing control is now widely used as a control method to limit cycle walking. This control offers strong feedback to the desired trajectory and the generation of energy-efficient and robust limit cycle walking. However, we observed that this method disables the natural dynamics of the robot, leading to problems regarding energy efficiency during walking. This study demonstrates that the energy consumption of walking using the output-zeroing control increases significantly in a disturbed environment. To overcome this limitation, the proposed approach leverages the robot’s dynamics using NMPC to achieve energy-efficient walking even in a disturbed environment. We demonstrate the practicality of the proposed method using two different simulation environments.
Seroprevalence of Zika in Brazil stratified by age and geographic distribution
Authors: Botosso Viviane Fongaro , Precioso Alexander Roberto , Wilder-Smith Annelies , de Oliveira Danielle Bruna Leal , de Oliveira Fabyano Bruno Leal , De Oliveira Cairo Monteiro , Soares Camila Pereira , Oliveira Lucyana Trindade Leal , dos Santo Ralyria Mello Vieira , de Agostini Utescher Carla Lilian , Coutinho Francisco Antonio Bezerra , Massad Eduardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Congenital Zika is a devastating consequence of maternal Zika virus infections. Estimates of age-dependent seroprevalence profiles are central to our understanding of the force of Zika virus infections. We set out to calculate the age-dependent seroprevalence of Zika virus infections in Brazil. We analyzed serum samples stratified by age and geographic location, collected from 2016 to 2019, from about 16,000 volunteers enrolled in a Phase 3 dengue vaccine trial led by the Institute Butantan in Brazil. Our results show that Zika seroprevalence has a remarkable age-dependent and geographical distribution, with an average age of the first infection varying from region to region, ranging from 4.97 (3.03–5.41) to 7.24 (6.98–7.90) years. The calculated basic reproduction number,

$ {R}_0 $

, varied from region to region, ranging from 1.18 (1.04–1.41) to 2.33 (1.54–3.85). Such data are paramount to determine the optimal age to vaccinate against Zika, if and when such a vaccine becomes available.
Nutritional considerations in major depressive disorder: current evidence and functional testing for clinical practice
Authors: Khiroya Kathryn , Sekyere Eric , McEwen Bradley , Bayes Jessica 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Depression is a multifaceted condition with diverse underlying causes. Several contributing and inter-related factors such as genetic, nutritional, neurological, physiological, gut-brain-axis, metabolic and psychological stress factors play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. This review aims to highlight the role that nutritional factors play in the aetiology of depression. Secondly, we discuss the biomedical and functional pathology tests which measure these factors, and the current evidence supporting their use. Lastly, we make recommendations on how practitioners can incorporate the latest evidence-based research findings into clinical practice. This review highlights that diet and nutrition greatly affect the pathophysiology of depression. Nutrients influence gene expression, with folate and vitamin B12 playing vital roles in methylation reactions and homocysteine regulation. Nutrients are also involved in the tryptophan/kynurenine pathway and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Additionally, diet influences the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response and the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome, both of which have been implicated in depression. A comprehensive dietary assessment, combined with appropriate evaluation of biochemistry and blood pathology, may help uncover contributing factors to depressive symptoms. By employing such an approach, a more targeted and personalised treatment strategy can be devised, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
United we thrive: friendship and subsequent physical, behavioural and psychosocial health in older adults (an outcome-wide longitudinal approach)
Authors: Kim E. S. , Chopik W. J. , Chen Y. , Wilkinson R. , VanderWeele T. J. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aims
Three factors converge to underscore the heightened importance of evaluating the potential health/well-being effects of friendships in older adulthood. First, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of social relationships for health/well-being and creating national policies to promote social connection. Second, many populations are rapidly aging throughout the world. Third, we currently face what some call a ‘friendship recession’. Although, growing research documents associations between friendship with better health and well-being, friendship can also have a ‘dark side’ and can potentially promote negative outcomes. To better capture friendship’s potential heterogeneous effects, we took an outcome-wide analytic approach.

Methods
We analysed data from 12,998 participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) – a prospective and nationally representative cohort of U.S. adults aged >50, and, evaluated if increases in friendship strength (between t0; 2006/2008 and t1; 2010/2012) were associated with better health/well-being across 35 outcomes (in t2; 2014/2016). To assess friendship strength, we leveraged all available friendship items in HRS and created a composite ‘friendship score’ that assessed the following three domains: (1) friendship network size, (2) friendship network contact frequency and (3) friendship network quality.

Results
Stronger friendships were associated with better outcomes on some indicators of physical health (e.g. reduced risk of mortality), health behaviours (e.g. increased physical activity) and nearly all psychosocial indicators (e.g. higher positive affect and mastery, as well as lower negative affect and risk of depression). Friendship was also associated with increased likelihood of smoking and heavy drinking (although the latter association with heavy drinking did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance).

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that stronger friendships can have a dual impact on health and well-being. While stronger friendships appear to mainly promote a range of health and well-being outcomes, stronger friendships might also promote negative outcomes. Additional research is needed, and any future friendship interventions and policies that aim to enhance outcomes should focus on how to amplify positive outcomes while mitigating harmful ones.
Seasonal and Interannual Variations in the Schumann Resonance Observed in the ELF Electromagnetic Networks in China
Authors: Han B. , Tang J. , Zhao G. Z. , Wang L. F. , Dong Z. Y. , Xu Y. C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on 9 years of quasi‐continuous data observed at extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic stations, the long‐term variations of Schumann resonances (SRs) are compared and analyzed. We obtained two major parameters, namely the peak intensity and peak frequencies by Lorentz fitting and focus on their seasonal and interannual variations of the first three modes in 10 stations. Fengning station was taken as an example to show the seasonal variations of the intensity and frequency of each electromagnetic component and each mode of SR, with the intensity reaching the maximum in Northern Hemisphere summer and minimum in winter; while the frequency has an inverse phase. And the amount they change from summer to winter also shows different characteristics. The interannual variation of the 10 stations shows the unified law of change in the magnetic field than in the electric field. Finally, in conjunction with observations from other regions of the globe, the periodic intensity variation and migration of the lighting activities were considered the dominant controlling factors for the SR parameters. And by comparing with the El Niño index and solar X‐radiation flux, the strong links between SR parameters and the 11‐year solar cycle are confirmed, and intensity enhanced under the influence the 2015/2016 super E1 Niño phenomenon.
Investigating Terrestrial Carbon Uptake Over India Using Multimodel Simulations of Gross Primary Productivity and Satellite‐Based Biophysical Product
Authors: Uchale Gayatri , Deb Burman Pramit Kumar , Tiwari Yogesh K. , Datye Amey , Sarkar Aharna 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTerrestrial ecosystems play a central role in the global carbon cycle and climate mitigation due to their offering of a large carbon sink. More than one‐fifth of the geographical area of India, one of the largest nations on the Earth, is forested, which is highly diverse in vegetation and climate types, offers huge potential for carbon sequestration, but remains vulnerable to climate change. Hence, it is imperative to know the future changes in the terrestrial carbon budget over this region. Gross primary productivity (GPP) represents the carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems. The multimodel ensembles of GPP simulated by the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) provide a useful means in this regard. In this work, we study the strength and variability of GPP over India in the near‐past and future using these simulations. In future, all the models show an increasing trend in GPP, however, with widely varying trends. The preferred month of carbon uptake differs among the models. A comparison with a satellite biophysical record shows the models underestimated the GPP during the near‐past over India. The carbon uptake in the Eastern Himalaya dominates the Western Himalaya and central Indian regions. Specifically, till 2100, the growth rate of GPP varies from 4.9 to 16.69 gC m−2 y−2, from 2.47 to 18.91 gC m−2 y−2, and from 0.32 to 21.95 gC m−2 y−2 over these three regions, respectively.
Evaluation of pragmatic oxygenation measurement as a proxy for Covid-19 severity
Authors: Swets Maaike C. , Kerr Steven , Scott-Brown James , Brown Adam B. , Gupta Rishi , Millar Jonathan E. , Spata Enti , McCurrach Fiona , Bretherick Andrew D. , Docherty Annemarie , Harrison David , Rowan Kathy , Young Neil ,   ISARIC4C Investigators, Groeneveld Geert H. , Dunning Jake , Nguyen-Van-Tam Jonathan S. , Openshaw Peter , Horby Peter W. , Harrison Ewen , Staplin Natalie , Semple Malcolm G. , Lone Nazir , Baillie J. Kenneth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChoosing optimal outcome measures maximizes statistical power, accelerates discovery and improves reliability in early-phase trials. We devised and evaluated a modification to a pragmatic measure of oxygenation function, the $$S/F$$
S
/
F
ratio. Because of the ceiling effect in oxyhaemoglobin saturation, $$S/F$$
S
/
F
ratio ceases to reflect pulmonary oxygenation function at high $${S}_{p}{O}_{2}$$

S

p

O

2

values. We found that the correlation of $$S/F$$
S
/
F
with the reference standard ($${P}_{a}{O}_{2}$$

P

a

O

2

/$${F}_{I}{O}_{2}$$

F

I

O

2

ratio) improves substantially when excluding $${S}_{p}{O}_{2} > 0.94$$

S

p

O

2

>
0.94
and refer to this measure as $$S/{F}_{94}$$
S
/

F

94

. Using observational data from 39,765 hospitalised COVID-19 patients, we demonstrate that $$S/{F}_{94}$$
S
/

F

94

is predictive of mortality, and compare the sample sizes required for trials using four different outcome measures. We show that a significant difference in outcome could be detected with the smallest sample size using $$S/{F}_{94}$$
S
/

F

94

. We demonstrate that $$S/{F}_{94}$$
S
/

F

94

is an effective intermediate outcome measure in COVID-19. It is a non-invasive measurement, representative of disease severity and provides greater statistical power.
Topotactically transformable antiphase boundaries with enhanced ionic conductivity
Authors: Xu Kun , Hung Shih-Wei , Si Wenlong , Wu Yongshun , Huo Chuanrui , Yu Pu , Zhong Xiaoyan , Zhu Jing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEngineering lattice defects have emerged as a promising approach to effectively modulate the functionality of devices. Particularly, antiphase boundaries (APBs) as planar defects have been considered major obstacles to optimizing the ionic conductivity of mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs) in solid oxide fuel applications. Here our study identifies topotactically transformable APBs (tt-APBs) at the atomic level and demonstrates that they exhibit higher ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures as compared to perfect domains. In-situ observation at the atomic scale tracks dynamic oxygen migration across these tt-APBs, where the abundant interstitial sites between tetrahedrons facilitate the ionic migration. Furthermore, annealing in an oxidized atmosphere can lead to the formation of interstitial oxygen at these APBs. These pieces of evidence clearly clarify that the tt-APBs can contribute to oxygen conductivity as anion diffusion channels, while the topotactically non-transformable APBs cannot. The topotactic transformability opens the way of defect engineering strategies for improving ionic transportation in MIECs.
Fatty acid desaturation and lipoxygenase pathways support trained immunity
Authors: Ferreira Anaísa V. , Alarcon-Barrera Juan Carlos , Domínguez-Andrés Jorge , Bulut Özlem , Kilic Gizem , Debisarun Priya A. , Röring Rutger J. , Özhan Hatice N. , Terschlüsen Eva , Ziogas Athanasios , Kostidis Sarantos , Mohammed Yassene , Matzaraki Vasiliki , Renieris George , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Netea Mihai G. , Giera Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractInfections and vaccines can induce enhanced long-term responses in innate immune cells, establishing an innate immunological memory termed trained immunity. Here, we show that monocytes with a trained immunity phenotype, due to exposure to the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, are characterized by an increased biosynthesis of different lipid mediators (LM) derived from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Pharmacological and genetic approaches show that long-chain PUFA synthesis and lipoxygenase-derived LM are essential for the BCG-induced trained immunity responses of human monocytes. Furthermore, products of 12-lipoxygenase activity increase in monocytes of healthy individuals after BCG vaccination. Grasping the underscoring lipid metabolic pathways contributes to our understanding of trained immunity and may help to identify therapeutic tools and targets for the modulation of innate immune responses.
Single-cell CRISPR screens in vivo map T cell fate regulomes in cancer
Authors: Zhou Peipei , Shi Hao , Huang Hongling , Sun Xiang , Yuan Sujing , Chapman Nicole M. , Connelly Jon P. , Lim Seon Ah , Saravia Jordy , KC Anil , Pruett-Miller Shondra M. , Chi Hongbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) orchestrate antitumour immunity and exhibit inherent heterogeneity1,2, with precursor exhausted T (Tpex) cells but not terminally exhausted T (Tex) cells capable of responding to existing immunotherapies3–7. The gene regulatory network that underlies CTL differentiation and whether Tex cell responses can be functionally reinvigorated are incompletely understood. Here we systematically mapped causal gene regulatory networks using single-cell CRISPR screens in vivo and discovered checkpoints for CTL differentiation. First, the exit from quiescence of Tpex cells initiated successive differentiation into intermediate Tex cells. This process is differentially regulated by IKAROS and ETS1, the deficiencies of which dampened and increased mTORC1-associated metabolic activities, respectively. IKAROS-deficient cells accumulated as a metabolically quiescent Tpex cell population with limited differentiation potential following immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Conversely, targeting ETS1 improved antitumour immunity and ICB efficacy by boosting differentiation of Tpex to intermediate Tex cells and metabolic rewiring. Mechanistically, TCF-1 and BATF are the targets for IKAROS and ETS1, respectively. Second, the RBPJ–IRF1 axis promoted differentiation of intermediate Tex to terminal Tex cells. Accordingly, targeting RBPJ enhanced functional and epigenetic reprogramming of Tex cells towards the proliferative state and improved therapeutic effects and ICB efficacy. Collectively, our study reveals that promoting the exit from quiescence of Tpex cells and enriching the proliferative Tex cell state act as key modalities for antitumour effects and provides a systemic framework to integrate cell fate regulomes and reprogrammable functional determinants for cancer immunity.
CenSoc: Public Linked Administrative Mortality Records for Individual-level Research
Authors: Breen Casey F. , Osborne Maria , Goldstein Joshua R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the United States, much has been learned about the determinants of longevity from survey data and aggregated tabulations. However, the lack of large-scale, individual-level administrative mortality records has proven to be a barrier to further progress. We introduce the CenSoc datasets, which link the complete-count 1940 U.S. Census to Social Security mortality records. These datasets—CenSoc-DMF (N = 4.7 million) and CenSoc-Numident (N = 7.0 million)—primarily cover deaths among individuals aged 65 and older. The size and richness of CenSoc allows investigators to make new discoveries into geographic, racial, and class-based disparities in old-age mortality in the United States. This article gives an overview of the technical steps taken to construct these datasets, validates them using external aggregate mortality data, and discusses best practices for working with these datasets. The CenSoc datasets are publicly available, enabling new avenues of research into the determinants of mortality disparities in the United States.