bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization design of irregular grooved texture on the surface of sliding pair based on adaptive genetic algorithm
Authors: Shen Zhongkai , Li Shaojun , Wu Zhenpeng , Dong Bowen , Luo Wenyan , Zeng Liangcai 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the effects of irregular groove textures on the friction and wear performance of sliding contact surfaces. These textures possess multiple depths and asymmetrical features. To optimize the irregular groove texture structure of the sliding contact surface, an adaptive genetic algorithm was used for research and optimization purposes.

Design/methodology/approach
Using adaptive genetic algorithm as an optimization tool, numerical simulations were conducted on surface textures by establishing a dimensionless form of the Reynolds equation and setting appropriate boundary conditions. An adaptive genetic algorithm program in MATLAB was established. Genetic iterative methods were used to calculate the optimal texture structure. Genetic individuals were selected through fitness comparison. The depth of the groove texture is gradually adjusted through genetic crossover, mutation, and mutation operations. The optimal groove structure was ultimately obtained by comparing the bearing capacity and pressure of different generations of micro-convex bodies.

Findings
After about 100 generations of iteration, the distribution of grooved textures became relatively stable, and after about 320 generations, the depth and distribution of groove textures reached their optimal structure. At this stage, irregular texture structures can support more loads by forming oil films. Compared with regular textures, the friction coefficient of irregular textures decreased by nearly 47.01%, while the carrying capacity of lubricating oil films increased by 54.57%. The research results show that irregular texture structures have better lubrication characteristics and can effectively improve the friction performance of component surfaces.

Originality/value
Surface textures can enhance the friction and lubrication performance of metal surfaces, improving the mechanical performance and lifespan of components. However, surface texture processing is challenging, as it often requires multiple experimental comparisons to determine the optimal texture structure, resulting in high trial-and-error costs. By using an adaptive genetic algorithm as an optimization tool, the optimal surface groove structure can be obtained through simulation and modeling, effectively saving costs in the process.
Freight insurance pricing strategy based on an online freight platform
Authors: Yang Chenchen , Chen Lu , Xia Qiong 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe development of digital technology has provided technical support to various industries. Specifically, Internet-based freight platforms can ensure the high-quality development of the logistics industry. Online freight platforms can use cargo transportation insurance to improve their service capabilities, promote their differentiated development, create products with platform characteristics and increase their core competitiveness.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a generalised linear model to fit the claim probability and claim intensity data and analyses freight insurance pricing based on the freight insurance claim data of a freight platform in China.FindingsConsidering traditional pricing risk factors, this study adds two risk factors to fit the claim probability data, that is, the purchase behaviour of freight insurance customers and road density. The two variables can significantly influence the claim probability, and the model fitting outcomes obtained with the logit connection function are excellent. In addition, this study examines the model results under various distribution types for the fitting of the claim intensity data. The fitting outcomes under a gamma distribution are superior to those under the other distribution types, as measured by the Akaike information criterion.Originality/valueWith actual data from an online freight platform in China, this study empirically proves that a generalised linear model is superior to traditional pricing methods for freight insurance. This study constructs a generalised linear pricing model considering the unique features of the freight industry and determines that the transportation distance, cargo weight and road density have a significant influence on the claim probability and claim intensity.
Do credit risks deter FDI? Empirical evidence from the SAARC countries
Authors: Alam Md Badrul , Tahir Muhammad , Omar Ali Norulazidah 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper makes a novel attempt to estimate the potential impact of credit risk on foreign direct investment (FDI hereafter), thereby focusing on a completely unexplored area in the existing empirical literature.Design/methodology/approachTo provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between credit risk and FDI inflows, the study incorporates all the eight-member economies of the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC hereafter) and analyzes a panel data set, over the period 2011 to 2019, extracted from the World Development Indicators, using the suitable econometric techniques for the efficient estimations of the specified models.FindingsThe results indicate a negative and statistically significant relationship between the credit risk of the banking sectors and FDI inflows. Similarly, market size and inflation rate appear to be the two other main factors behind the increasing FDI inflows in the SAARC member economies. Interestingly, the size of the market became irrelevant in attracting FDI inflows when the Indian economy is excluded from the sample due to its higher economic weight. On the other hand, FDI inflows are not dependent on the level of trade openness, with most of the specifications showing either an insignificant or negative coefficient of the variable.Practical implicationsThe obtained results are unique and robust to alternative methodologies, and hence, the SAARC economies could consider them as the critical inputs in formulating the appropriate policies on FDI inflows.Originality/valueThe findings are unique and original. The authors have established a relationship between credit risk and FDI for the first time in the SAARC context.
Orchestrating a global business services portfolio in a plural sourcing context: the mediating role of modularised business processes
Authors: Plugge Albert , Nikou Shahrokh , Robben Henry , Kievit Henk 
Published: November 2023

PurposeTo co-create value through dynamic collaborations, enterprises and their suppliers need to orchestrate the integration of complementary resources when providing business services. As such enterprises' strategic decision to apply a plural sourcing strategy to establish dynamic collaborations with their suppliers implies that both in-house and outsourced business services should be bundled into a business services portfolio. However, the antecedents that affect a business services portfolio have rarely conceptually been identified. Design/methodology/approachDrawing on resource orchestration theory, the authors theoretically developed and empirically validated a business services portfolio conceptual model. The model aims at explaining the critical antecedents to a business services portfolio based on a unique data set, comprising 121 international enterprises with variation in the degree of outsourcing, size, geographies and maturity. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to examine the relationships among the antecedents and a business services portfolio.FindingsThe findings show that the antecedent, i.e. plural sourcing strategy, modularised business processes and customer orientation have a direct and significant effect on the enterprises' business services portfolio orchestration. The results of the mediation test indicate that modularised business processes fully mediate the relationships between three independent variables with the orchestration of business services portfolio.Originality/valueThis study is the first to analyse the impact of plural sourcing strategy, modularised business processes and customer orientation on the business services portfolio orchestration from a plural sourcing context. Additionally, it examines the mediating role of modularised business processes in the relationship between the antecedents and business services portfolio orchestration.
Northern Ireland’s hybrid trade regime: an examination of the relationship between the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol and the UK’s post-Brexit trade agreements
Authors: Melo Araujo Billy , Wilkinson Dylan 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol has been one of the most contentious aspects of the EU-UK post-Brexit trade relationship. By requiring the UK to comply with EU customs and internal market rules in relation to Northern Ireland (NI), the Protocol has created a hybrid trade regime where NI is subject to multiple, overlapping and often conflicting rules. This paper aims to examine one area in which this hybridity manifests itself. It focusses on the interplay between the Protocol and post-Brexit UK trade agreements. It examines potential areas of conflict between Protocol obligations and obligations derived from UK trade agreements. In doing so, it sheds light on the extent to which compliance with the Protocol may undermine NI’s ability to export and import goods under the preferential terms negotiated under UK trade agreements. It further discusses the consequences of these incompatibilities between the Protocol and these agreements for NI and, more widely, the functioning of the UK internal market as whole.

Design/methodology/approach
Doctrinal legal research

Findings
The paper examines potential areas of conflict between Protocol obligations and obligations derived from UK trade agreements. In doing so, it sheds light on the extent to which compliance with the Protocol may undermine NI’s ability to export and import goods under the preferential terms negotiated under UK trade agreements. It further discusses the consequences of these incompatibilities between the Protocol and these agreements for NI and, more widely, the functioning of the UK internal market as whole.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge this is the first paper carrying out a comprehensive legal analysis of the interaction and potential conflicts between the Protocol on Ireland-Northern Ireland and the UK’s post Brexit trade agreements.
The impact of empowering and transformational leadership on innovative behaviour: the mediating role of psychological empowerment in health-care sector
Authors: Mohammed Abbas Ali , Al-Abrrow Hadi 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to test a four-variable research model using organizational behavior, social and technical systems, and leadership theories. This study set out to determine how different leadership philosophies, such as transformational leadership and empowering leadership, affected innovation. In addition, the model’s mediating role for psychological empowerment was quantified.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative approach, which is primarily a questionnaire, to gather information from 320 health-care sector workers at four public hospitals in the Basrah Governorate.

Findings
The majority of the relationships in the research model were shown to be positive by data analysis outcomes. The findings also showed how crucial the mediating variable was in preserving the link between the independent and dependent variables. Discussions were made on the theoretical and practical ramifications and suggestions for additional research.

Originality/value
This study concentrated on the application of contemporary leadership styles, gathered information on them and combined them into a single model to boost innovation. This study, which was conducted in the setting of the Iraqi health-care industry, stands out from previous studies because it used a large sample to provide conclusive and significant results, making it a valuable resource for academicians who seek to cultivate innovation.
Low-temperature characteristics of rubbers and performance tests of type 120 emergency valve diaphragms
Authors: Gao Ming , Pan Anhui , Huang Yi , Wang Jiaqi , Zhang Yan , Xie Xiao , Han Huanre , Jia Yinghua 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe type 120 emergency valve is an essential braking component of railway freight trains, but corresponding diaphragms consisting of natural rubber (NR) and chloroprene rubber (CR) exhibit insufficient aging resistance and low-temperature resistance, respectively. In order to develop type 120 emergency valve rubber diaphragms with long-life and high-performance, low-temperatureresistant CR and NR were processed.Design/methodology/approachThe physical properties of the low-temperature-resistant CR and NR were tested by low-temperature stretching, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Single-valve and single-vehicle tests of type 120 emergency valves were carried out for emergency diaphragms consisting of NR and CR.FindingsThe low-temperature-resistant CR and NR exhibited excellent physical properties. The elasticity and low-temperature resistance of NR were superior to those of CR, whereas the mechanical properties of the two rubbers were similar in the temperature range of 0 °C–150 °C. The NR and CR emergency diaphragms met the requirements of the single-valve test. In the low-temperature single-vehicle test, only the low-temperature sensitivity test of the NR emergency diaphragm met the requirements.Originality/valueThe innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for future development of type 120 valve rubber diaphragms.
Implementing a virtual emergency department to avoid unnecessary emergency department presentations
Authors: Kelly Jaimon T , Mitchell Nicole , Campbell Katrina L , Furlong Karen , Langley Matthew , Clark Sean , Rushbrook Elizabeth , Hansen Kim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveEDs are necessary for urgent health concerns; however, many physical ED visits could be better treated in alternate settings. The present study aimed to describe the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a Virtual ED to reduce unnecessary physical ED presentations at a large tertiary health service in Australia.MethodsThis observational study using the RE‐AIM framework (Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance) evaluated the feasibility of a Virtual ED using routinely collected health service data and process‐evaluation to assess intervention fidelity and adherence between April 2020 and 31 March 2022. The primary outcome for the present study was the feasibility of the Virtual ED model of care.ResultsThe Virtual ED received 2080 direct calls for patients with a mean age of 50.3 years, with 70.4% managed in the Virtual ED alone and 29.6% referred for physical ED presentation. Of the 2080 direct referrals, 95.8% were potentially avoidable ED presentations. Of those referred, 28.3% required an admission. Of calls managed entirely by Virtual ED, 18 (1.2%) unexpectedly required a hospital admission within 48 h. General practitioner respondents rated the Virtual ED service as helpful to very helpful. The service had an average of 212 referrals per month, with a 65.2% average growth rate. The Virtual ED service was considered helpful and clinically appropriate, with a high level of ED avoidance.ConclusionThe Virtual ED prevented 70% of community triaged patients from presenting to the physical ED, with good uptake from all referrers, supporting the use of virtual care pathways in emergency care management.
Antixenosis and antibiosis mechanisms of resistance to Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood‐Mason) in rice land races
Authors: Sahu Nandini , Gowda Gadratagi Basana , Guru‐Pirasanna‐Pandi Govindharaj , Patil Naveenkumar B. , Basak Nabaneeta , Rath Prakash Chandra , Anilkumar Chandrappa , Rath Ladu Kishore 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAsian rice gall midge is one of the important pests of rice, which attacks the crop from nursery to the end of the tillering stage. Managing this pest through plant resistance is the most viable and economical. Two hundred‐two rice genotypes were phenotyped against Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood‐Mason) and the mechanism of resistance in terms of antixenosis and antibiosis was studied. Antixenosis mechanism for adult settlement and egg laying indicated that the susceptible genotypes were preferred more than the resistant genotypes in a free choice test. First instar maggots were found and did not continue their growth on resistant genotypes further. However, in susceptible genotypes, they molted successfully and emerged as adults. No choice tests revealed that the emergence of adults in susceptible genotypes took less time than in resistant genotypes. Higher adult sex ratio was found in susceptible genotypes. Estimation of biochemical components in rice shoot apices of selected genotypes revealed that higher levels of total phenols, wax content, total flavonoids and total free amino acids were present in the resistant genotypes. Still, the number of total sugars, reducing sugars and total protein contents were significantly higher in the susceptible genotypes. Hence, the resistance mechanism in rice gall midge was displayed as a combination of antixenosis and antibiosis mechanism. The output of the study would be helpful in breeding for rice varieties resistant to Asian rice gall midge.
Magnitude and time to peak oxygenation effect of prone positioning in ventilated adults with COVID‐19 related acute hypoxemic respiratory failure
Authors: Rollinson Thomas C. , McDonald Luke A. , Rose Joleen , Eastwood Glenn , Costa‐Pinto Rahul , Modra Lucy , Maeda Akinori , Bacolas Zoe , Anstey James , Bates Samantha , Bradley Scott , Dumbrell Jodi , French Craig , Ghosh Angaj , Haines Kimberley , Haydon Tim , Hodgson Carol , Holmes Jennifer , Leggett Nina , McGain Forbes , Moore Cara , Nelson Kathleen , Presneill Jeffrey , Rotherham Hannah , Said Simone , Young Meredith , Zhao Peinan , Udy Andrew , Chaba Anis , Bellomo Rinaldo , Neto Ary Serpa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundProne positioning may improve oxygenation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and was widely adopted in COVID‐19 patients. However, the magnitude and timing of its peak oxygenation effect remain uncertain with the optimum dosage unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the magnitude of the peak effect of prone positioning on the PaO2:FiO2 ratio during prone and secondly, the time to peak oxygenation.MethodsMulti‐centre, observational study of invasively ventilated adults with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to COVID‐19 treated with prone positioning. Baseline characteristics, prone positioning and patient outcome data were collected. All arterial blood gas (ABG) data during supine, prone and after return to supine position were analysed. The magnitude of peak PaO2:FiO2 ratio effect and time to peak PaO2:FIO2 ratio effect was measured.ResultsWe studied 220 patients (mean age 54 years) and 548 prone episodes. Prone positioning was applied for a mean (±SD) 3 (±2) times and 16 (±3) hours per episode. Pre‐proning PaO2:FIO2 ratio was 137 (±49) for all prone episodes. During the first episode. the mean PaO2:FIO2 ratio increased from 125 to a peak of 196 (p < .001). Peak effect was achieved during the first episode, after 9 (±5) hours in prone position and maintained until return to supine position.ConclusionsIn ventilated adults with COVID‐19 acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, peak PaO2:FIO2 ratio effect occurred during the first prone positioning episode and after 9 h. Subsequent episodes also improved oxygenation but with diminished effect on PaO2:FIO2 ratio. This information can help guide the number and duration of prone positioning episodes.
Trait reactance as psychological motivation to reject vaccination: Two longitudinal studies and one experimental study
Authors: Soveri Anna , Karlsson Linda C. , Mäki Karl O. , Holford Dawn , Fasce Angelo , Schmid Philipp , Antfolk Jan , Karlsson Linnea , Karlsson Hasse , Nolvi Saara , Karukivi Max , Lindfelt Mikael , Lewandowsky Stephan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnti‐science attitudes can be resilient to scientific evidence if they are rooted in psychological motives. One such motive is trait reactance, which refers to the need to react with opposition when one's freedom of choice has been threatened. In three studies, we investigated trait reactance as a psychological motivation to reject vaccination. In the longitudinal studies (n = 199; 293), we examined if trait reactance measured before the COVID‐19 pandemic was related to people's willingness to get vaccinated against COVID‐19 up to 2 years later during the pandemic. In the experimental study (n = 398), we tested whether trait reactance makes anti‐vaccination attitudes more resistant to information and whether this resistance can be mitigated by framing the information to minimize the risk of triggering state reactance. The longitudinal studies showed that higher trait reactance before the COVID‐19 pandemic was related to lower willingness to get vaccinated against COVID‐19. Our experimental study indicated that highly reactant individuals' willingness to vaccinate was unaffected by the amount and framing of the information provided. Trait reactance has a strong and durable impact on vaccination willingness. This highlights the importance of considering the role of trait reactance in people's vaccination‐related decision‐making.
Small‐diameter titanium grade IV and titanium–zirconium implants in edentulous mandibles: Ten‐year results from a double‐blind, randomised controlled split‐mouth core‐trial
Authors: Müller Frauke , Al‐Nawas Bilal , Storelli Stefano , Quirynen Marc , Hicklin Stefan , Castro‐Laza Jose , Bassetti Mario , Srinivasan Murali ,   the Roxolid Study Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe goal of this extension study was to compare the 10‐year outcome of 3.3 mm diameter titanium–zirconium (TiZr) or grade IV titanium (Ti) implants in mandibular implant‐overdentures.Materials and MethodsThis study is the 10‐year follow‐up from a randomised, controlled, double‐blind, split‐mouth multicentre clinical trial. Patients with edentulous mandibles had received two implants in the interforaminal region (bone‐level, diameter 3.3 mm, microrough surface), one of TiZr (test) and one of Ti (control). Implant survival and success, plaque and sulcus bleeding indices, probing pocket depth, gingival margin, clinical attachment level and radiographic crestal bone levels were evaluated.ResultsFifty of 91 patients with implants were available for the 10‐year examination and 36 patients were valid for the intent‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis. The implant success rate was calculated as 94.6% and 91.9% for the TiZr implants and the Ti implants respectively. Four implants were lost (TiZr = 1; Ti = 3) in the entire study period. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses estimated 10‐ year implant survival rate for TiZr to 98.9% and Ti 95.8%.The mean of total and functional crestal bone loss was 1.49 mm (±1.37 mm) and 0.82 mm (±1.09 mm) in the TiZr group and 1.56 mm (±1.34 mm) and 0.85 mm (±1.16 mm) in the Ti group.ConclusionsThis split‐mouth design RCT on mandibular implant‐overdentures evidenced, bearing in mind its follow‐up time‐related reduced cohort size, high 10‐year implant success‐ and survival rates. These results confirm TiZr as well‐suited implant material for realising small‐diameter implants.Registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01878331.