bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategic Design and Insights into Lanthanum and Strontium Perovskite Oxides for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Ingavale Sagar , Gopalakrishnan Mohan , Enoch Carolin Mercy , Pornrungroj Chanon , Rittiruam Meena , Praserthdam Supareak , Somwangthanaroj Anongnat , Nootong Kasadit , Pornprasertsuk Rojana , Kheawhom Soorathep 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPerovskite oxides exhibit bifunctional activity for both oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER), making them prime candidates for energy conversion in applications like fuel cells and metal‐air batteries. Their intrinsic catalytic prowess, combined with low‐cost, abundance, and diversity, positions them as compelling alternatives to noble metal and metal oxides catalysts. This review encapsulates the nuances of perovskite oxide structures and synthesis techniques, providing insight into pivotal active sites that underscore their bifunctional behavior. The focus centers on the breakthroughs surrounding lanthanum (La) and strontium (Sr)‐based perovskite oxides, specifically their roles in zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). An introduction to the mechanisms of ORR and OER is provided. Moreover, the light is shed on strategies and determinants central to optimizing the bifunctional performance of La and Sr‐based perovskite oxides.
Construction Strategy of Functionalized Liposomes and Multidimensional Application
Authors: Wang Chengyun , Lan Xinyue , Zhu Longjiao , Wang Yanhui , Gao Xinru , Li Jie , Tian Hongtao , Liang Zhihong , Xu Wentao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLiposomes are widely used in the biological field due to their good biocompatibility and surface modification properties. With the development of biochemistry and material science, many liposome structures and their surface functional components have been modified and optimized one by one, pushing the liposome platform from traditional to functionalized and intelligent, which will better satisfy and expand the needs of scientific research. However, a main limiting factor effecting the efficiency of liposomes is the complicated environmental conditions in the living body. Currently, in order to overcome the above problem, functionalized liposomes have become a very promising strategy. In this paper, binding strategies of liposomes with four main functional elements, namely nucleic acids, antibodies, peptides, and stimuli‐responsive motif have been summarized for the first time. In addition, based on the construction characteristics of functionalized liposomes, such as drug‐carrying, targeting, long‐circulating, and stimulus‐responsive properties, a comprehensive overview of their features and respective research progress are presented. Finally, the paper critically presents the limitations of these functionalized liposomes in the current applications and also prospectively suggests the future development directions, aiming to accelerate realization of their industrialization.
Ribosomal protein L24 mediates mammalian microRNA processing in an evolutionarily conserved manner
Authors: Tzur Yonat , Dubnov Serafima , Madrer Nimrod , Bar Adi , Nadorp Bettina , Mishra Nibha , Heppenstall Paul , Bennett Estelle R. , Greenberg David S. , Winek Katarzyna , Soreq Hermona 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the expression of primate-specific microRNAs (miRs), we sought DNA regulatory elements and proteins mediating expression of the primate-specific hsa-miR-608 (miR-608), which is located in the SEMA4G gene and facilitates the cholinergic blockade of inflammation by targeting acetylcholinesterase mRNA. ‘Humanized’ mice carrying pre-miR-608 flanked by 250 bases of endogenous sequences inserted into the murine Sema4g gene successfully expressed miR-608. Moreover, by flanking miR-608 by shortened fragments of its human genome region we identified an active independent promoter within the 150 nucleotides 5′ to pre-miR-608, which elevated mature miR-608 levels by 100-fold in transfected mouse- and human-originated cells. This highlighted a regulatory role of the 5′ flank as enabling miR-608 expression. Moreover, pull-down of the 150-base 5′ sequence revealed its interaction with ribosomal protein L24 (RPL24), implicating an additional mechanism controlling miR-608 levels. Furthermore, RPL24 knockdown altered the expression of multiple miRs, and RPL24 immunoprecipitation indicated that up- or down-regulation of the mature miRs depended on whether their precursors bind RPL24 directly. Finally, further tests showed that RPL24 interacts directly with DDX5, a component of the large microprocessor complex, to inhibit miR processing. Our findings reveal that RPL24, which has previously been shown to play a role in miR processing in Arabidopsis thaliana, has a similar evolutionarily conserved function in miR biogenesis in mammals. We thus characterize a novel extra-ribosomal role of RPL24 in primate miR regulation.
Graphical abstract
Spatiotemporal variability in the structure and diversity of understory faunal assemblages associated with the kelp Eisenia cokeri (Laminariales) in Peru
Authors: Uribe Roberto A. , Smale Dan A. , Morales Robinson , Aleman Solange , Atoche-Suclupe Dennis , Burrows Michael T. , Earp Hannah S. , Hinostroza Juan Diego , King Nathan G. , Perea Angel , Pérez-Matus Alejandro , Smith Kathryn , Moore Pippa J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractKelp species function as foundation organisms in coastal marine ecosystems, where they alter environmental conditions and promote local biodiversity by providing complex biogenic habitat for an array of associated organisms. The structure and functioning of kelp forest ecosystems in some regions, such as along the Peruvian coastline, remain critically understudied. We quantified the structure and diversity of faunal assemblages within both holdfast and understory reef habitats within Eisenia cokeri forests. We sampled both habitat types within four subtidal kelp forests on multiple occasions between 2016 and 2020, and quantified fauna at a fine taxonomic level (mostly species). We recorded a total of ~ 55,000 individuals representing 183 taxa across the study, with holdfast assemblages typically exhibiting higher richness, abundance and biomass values compared with understory reef-associated assemblages. Holdfast assemblages were structurally and functionally dissimilar to those on reef surfaces and were less variable and consistent across sites and sampling events. Even so, assemblages associated with both habitat types varied significantly between sites and sampling events, with variation in upwelling strength, ocean currents, and grazing pressure among potential drivers of this ecological variability. Overall, E. cokeri supports diverse and abundant holdfast assemblages and functions as a foundation organism in Peru. Given that no other habitat-forming kelp species persist at the low latitudes of E. cokeri in mid-to-north Peru, the lack of functional redundancy suggests that effective management and conservation of this species is vital for wider ecosystem processes and biodiversity maintenance.
In vitro study: methylene blue-based antibacterial photodynamic inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zada Laiq , Anwar Shahzad , Imtiaz Sana , Saleem Muhammad , Shah Aamer Ali 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most antibiotic-resistant and opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised and debilitated patients. It is considered the cause of most severe skin infections and is frequently found in hospital burn units. Due to its high antibiotic resistance, eliminating P. aeruginosa from skin infections is quite challenging. Therefore, this study aims to assess the novel in vitro antibacterial activity of methylene blue using a 635-nm diode laser to determine the effective power and energy densities for inhibition of P. aeruginosa. The strain was treated with various concentrations of methylene blue and 635-nm diode laser at powers of 300 mW/cm2 and 250 mW/cm2. The diode laser’s potency in the photo-destruction of methylene blue and its degradation through P. aeruginosa were also evaluated. Colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml, fluorescence spectroscopy, optical density, and confocal microscopy were used to measure the bacterial killing effect. As a result, the significant decrease of P. aeruginosa was 2.15-log10, 2.71-log10, and 3.48-log10 at 60, 75, and 90 J/cm2 after excitation of MB for 240, 300, and 360 s at a power of 250 mW/cm2, respectively. However, a maximum decrease in CFU was observed by 2.54-log10 at 72 J/cm2 and 4.32-log10 at 90 and 108 J/cm2 after 300 mW/cm2 of irradiation. Fluorescence images confirmed the elimination of bacteria and showed a high degree of photo-destruction compared to treatment with methylene blue and light alone. In conclusion, MB-induced aPDT demonstrated high efficacy, which could be a potential approach against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.

Key points
• Combination of methylene blue with 635-nm diode laser for antibacterial activity.
• Methylene blue photosensitizer is employed as an alternative to antibiotics.
• aPDT showed promising antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Water tunnel testing of downwind yacht sails
Authors: Souppez Jean-Baptiste R. G. , Viola Ignazio Maria 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDownwind yacht sails, such as spinnakers, are low-aspect-ratio highly cambered wings with a sharp leading edge. They are characterised by substantial three-dimensional flow separation and are thus modelled with difficulty with numerical simulations. Furthermore, accurate full-scale validation data are not available. The first quantitative flow measurements have only recently been achieved in water tunnels. In this study, we aim to provide guidelines on this emerging sail testing methodology. We consider six model-scale rigid models at average-chord-based Reynolds numbers ranging from 5 870 to 61 870. A critical Reynolds number is identified, below which relaminarisation of the reattached boundary layer downstream of the leading edge separation bubble occurs. Both lift and drag increase monotonically at subcritical Reynolds numbers while remaining about constant at transcritical Reynolds numbers. The critical Reynolds number decreases with increasing incidence and is insensitive to the blockage ratio. Spinnakers are normally sailed in front of the mainsail, whose circulation is found to generate an approximately $$3^{\circ }$$

3
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upwash on the spinnaker and higher flow velocity on both sides of it. These findings provide guidelines for the experimental testing of spinnaker-like wings in water tunnels and provide new insights into the flow and experimental testing of highly cambered wings with massive flow separation at low Reynolds numbers.
Variable Selection for Hidden Markov Models with Continuous Variables and Missing Data
Authors: Pennoni Fulvia , Bartolucci Francesco , Pandolfi Silvia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe propose a variable selection method for multivariate hidden Markov models with continuous responses that are partially or completely missing at a given time occasion. Through this procedure, we achieve a dimensionality reduction by selecting the subset of the most informative responses for clustering individuals and simultaneously choosing the optimal number of these clusters corresponding to latent states. The approach is based on comparing different model specifications in terms of the subset of responses assumed to be dependent on the latent states, and it relies on a greedy search algorithm based on the Bayesian information criterion seen as an approximation of the Bayes factor. A suitable expectation-maximization algorithm is employed to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters under the missing-at-random assumption. The proposal is illustrated via Monte Carlo simulation and an application where development indicators collected over eighteen years are selected, and countries are clustered into groups to evaluate their growth over time.
External laryngotracheal trauma: a case series and an algorithmic management strategy
Authors: Pincet Laurence , Lecca Gabriele , Chrysogelou Ioanna , Sandu Kishore 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
External laryngotracheal trauma (ELT), blunt or penetrating, is a rare but potentially life-threatening injury. Immediate care in the emergency department can be challenging because it requires managing a potentially unstable airway and may have associated vascular injuries with massive bleeding. Here, we look at the details of injury, treatment measures, and outcomes in patients following ELT.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 22 patients treated at our center for ELT from January 2005 up to December 2021 with varying grades of injury. We looked at their status at presentation, management strategy and functional status.

Results
In our report, we include 18 men and 4 women having varying Schaefer injury grades. Eight patients had tracheostomy at presentation and eight had vocal fold immobility. Two patients were treated endoscopically, 12 had open surgery and 8 received no treatment. Of the patients undergoing open surgery, thyroid cartilage fracture was seen in 9 patients, thyroid plus cricoid fracture and cricotracheal separation were seen in 3 patients each. All patients were safely decannulated and spontaneous recovery of vocal cord palsy was seen in some patients.

Conclusion
The success of managing ELT relies on fast decision-making, correct patient evaluation, securing the airway and maintaining the hemodynamic stability. Early surgical intervention must be aimed at optimally treating the larygotracheal injuries to prevent long-term disastrous consequences.
Application of clinical indicators in evaluating vestibular compensation efficacy in benign recurrent vestibular vertigo patients with short-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Lei Yibo , Tian Liang , Zuo Jinjing , Shen Yayun , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundShort-term personalized vestibular rehabilitation (ST-PVR) can establish stable vestibular compensation. However, there is a lack of a clear definition for clinical indicators that can dynamically reflect the progress of vestibular rehabilitation (VR).ObjectiveTo explore the clinical indicators suitable for evaluating the effectiveness of ST-PVR in treating benign recurrent vertigo (BRV).MethodsIn total, 50 patients diagnosed with BRV were enrolled. All patients received the ST-PVR treatment program. At 2 and 4 weeks after rehabilitation, subjective scales, including the visual analogue scale (VAS), dizziness handicap inventory scale (DHI), activities‐specific balance confidence scale (ABC) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) were assessed. Objective vestibular function tests were performed. VR grading was determined.ResultsAt 2 weeks after rehabilitation, significant enhancements were observed in VAS, DHI, ABC, GAD-7, UW, vHIT results, and VR grading scores (p < 0.05). The sensory organization test (SOT) results demonstrated statistically significant improvements at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after rehabilitation (p < 0.05).Conclusion and significanceBoth subjective scales and partial examination results in objective assessment can serve as indicators to dynamically monitor the compensatory process of vestibular function in patients with BRV. The VR efficacy grading score, which incorporates the above indicators, allows for quantification of the changes that occur during the vestibular rehabilitation process.
Rheb1 is required for limb growth through regulating chondrogenesis in growth plate
Authors: Zhang Yuwei , Wen Jiaxin , Lai Ruijun , Zhang Jiahuan , Li Kai , Zhang Yue , Liu Anling , Bai Xiaochun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRas homology enriched in the brain (Rheb) is well established as a critical regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation in response to growth factors and nutrients. However, the role of Rheb1 in limb development remains unknown. Here, we found that Rheb1 was dynamically expressed during the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in the growth plate. Given that Prrx1+ limb-bud-like mesenchymal cells are the source of limb chondrocytes and are essential for endochondral ossification, we conditionally deleted Rheb1 using Prrx1-Cre and found a limb dwarfism in Prrx1-Cre; Rheb1fl/fl mice. Normalized to growth plate height, the conditional knockout (cKO) mice exhibited a significant decrease in column count of proliferative zones which was increased in hypertrophic zones resulting in decreased growth plate size, indicating abnormal endochondral ossification. Interestingly, although Rheb1 deletion profoundly inhibited the transcription factor Sox9 in limb cartilage; levels of runx2 and collagen type 2 were both increased. These novel findings highlight the essential role of Rheb1 in limb growth and indicate a complex regulation of Rheb1 in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation.
Nuclear resilient and redundant compute and communication integrated network
Authors: Periola A. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFuture communication networks use computing platforms i.e., data centers for enabling content access. The operation of data centers is evolving to meet new requirements such as reducing the operating cost. The use of data centers is recognized to have significant challenges due to high operating costs. The high operating costs arises due to the necessity of data center cooling. The cooling costs can be reduced by siting data centers in the underwater environment. In the underwater environment, data centers are cooled by freely available cold water. However, siting data centers in the underwater environment exposes them to risk from other underwater applications. The use of underwater data centers is susceptible to service loss due to the launch of missiles from submarines in defense applications. Underwater data centers are susceptible to service loss from the launch of missiles from submarines. Hence, it is necessary to design a network architecture that ensures continued service delivery when nuclear attacks occur. The presented research proposes a novel network architecture enabling service continuity in the underwater data center. The proposed architecture incorporates resiliency and comprises terrestrial and non–terrestrial data centers. The proposed network architecture incorporates redundancy and utilizes terrestrial and non-terrestrial data centers. In addition, the research presents a protocol enabling co-existence between underwater data centers and missile launching submarines used in defence applications. The research formulates and evaluates the operational duration, number of packets forwarding paths, and computing resource utilization as the metrics. Performance evaluation shows that the proposed network architecture improves the operational duration and computing resource utilization by an average of (27.7–71.5)% and (23.5–44.2)%, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed network architecture enables the realization of more resilient paths. The use of more resilient paths enhances packet transmission. Evaluation shows that the proposed network architecture enhances the number of resilient packets forwarding paths by (18.2–57.4)% on average.
Clinical development of a blood biomarker using apolipoprotein-A2 isoforms for early detection of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kashiro Ayumi , Kobayashi Michimoto , Oh Takanori , Miyamoto Mitsuko , Atsumi Jun , Nagashima Kengo , Takeuchi Keiko , Nara Satoshi , Hijioka Susumu , Morizane Chigusa , Kikuchi Shojiro , Kato Shingo , Kato Ken , Ochiai Hiroki , Obata Daisuke , Shizume Yuya , Konishi Hiroshi , Nomura Yumiko , Matsuyama Kotone , Xie Cassie , Wong Christin , Huang Ying , Jung Giman , Srivastava Sudhir , Kutsumi Hiromu , Honda Kazufumi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
We have previously reported apolipoprotein A2-isoforms (apoA2-is) as candidate plasma biomarkers for early-stage pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was the clinical development of apoA2-is.

Methods
We established a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay for apoA2-is under the Japanese medical device Quality Management System requirements and performed in vitro diagnostic tests with prespecified end points using 2732 plasma samples. The clinical equivalence and significance of apoA2-is were compared with CA19-9.

Results
The point estimate of the area under the curve to distinguish between pancreatic cancer (n = 106) and healthy controls (n = 106) was higher for apoA2-ATQ/AT [0.879, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.832–0.925] than for CA19-9 (0.849, 95% CI 0.793–0.905) and achieved the primary end point. The cutoff apoA2-ATQ/AT of 59.5 μg/mL was defined based on a specificity of 95% in 2000 healthy samples, and the reliability of specificities was confirmed in two independent healthy cohorts as 95.3% (n = 106, 95% CI 89.4–98.0%) and 95.8% (n = 400, 95% CI 93.3–97.3%). The sensitivities of apoA2-ATQ/AT for detecting both stage I (47.4%) and I/II (50%) pancreatic cancers were higher than those of CA19-9 (36.8% and 46.7%, respectively). The combination of apoA2-ATQ/AT (cutoff, 59.5 μg/mL) and CA19-9 (37 U/mL) increased the sensitivity for pancreatic cancer to 87.7% compared with 69.8% for CA19-9 alone. The clinical performance of apoA2-is was blindly confirmed by the National Cancer Institute Early Detection Research Network.

Conclusions
The clinical performance of ApoA2-ATQ/AT as a blood biomarker is equivalent to or better than that of CA19-9.
Grading meningioma resections: the Simpson classification and beyond
Authors: Simon Matthias , Gousias Konstantinos 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Technological (and also methodological) advances in neurosurgery and neuroimaging have prompted a reappraisal of Simpson’s grading of the extent of meningioma resections. To the authors, the published evidence supports the tenets of this classification. Meningioma is an often surgically curable dura-based disease. An extent of meningioma resection classification needs to account for a clinically meaningful variation of the risk of recurrence depending on the aggressiveness of the management of the (dural) tumor origin.
Nevertheless, the 1957 Simpson classification undoubtedly suffers from many limitations. Important issues include substantial problems with the applicability of the grading paradigm in different locations. Most notably, tumor location and growth pattern often determine the eventual extent of resection, i.e., the Simpson grading does not reflect what is surgically achievable. Another very significant problem is the inherent subjectivity of relying on individual intraoperative assessments. Neuroimaging advances such as the use of somatostatin receptor PET scanning may help to overcome this central problem. Tumor malignancy and biology in general certainly influence the role of the extent of resection but may not need to be incorporated in an actual extent of resection grading scheme as long as one does not aim at developing a prognostic score. Finally, all attempts at grading meningioma resections use tumor recurrence as the endpoint. However, especially in view of radiosurgery/radiotherapy options, the clinical significance of recurrent tumor growth varies greatly between cases.
In summary, while the extent of resection certainly matters in meningioma surgery, grading resections remains controversial. Given the everyday clinical relevance of this issue, a multicenter prospective register or study effort is probably warranted (including a prominent focus on advanced neuroimaging).