bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density predictive model for an outbreak in adult female Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Japan
Authors: Watanabe Satoru , Nakane Kunihiko , Kitahara Yugo , Nishihara Nanami , Nomura Hiroshi , Fukase Fumiaki , Uno Kohei , Kondo Takaaki , Ueyama Jun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We developed a predictive model for activities and outbreaks of female Aedes albopictus Skuse, using meteorological data. The number of Ae. albopictus collected from human bait-sweep net collection (h-BNC) surveillance, conducted by the local government between 2010 and 2019 in Japan, was adopted as a mosquito-activity indicator. The best model was composed of the backward cumulative and backward moving mean of meteorological data (parameters that were measured daily include mean, maximum, and minimum temperature, mean humidity, amount of precipitation, maximum wind speed, and sunshine hours). The root mean squared error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2) of the best model for the test set, which was not included in the training dataset, were 1.33 and 0.74, respectively. The best model was applied to predict the number of Ae. albopictus obtained from our own h-BNC surveillance in Okazaki City, Japan. RMSE and R2 of the results were 1.17 and 0.92, respectively. The present model, using publicly available meteorological values, can predict the collection number of adult Ae. albopictus using h-BNC surveillance thereby providing information to control mosquito activities and outbreaks. Therefore, it may be possible to mitigate the risk of mosquito-borne infections and secondary adverse effects of mosquito bites, such as infectious impetigo and deterioration of the quality of life.
Failure of artemether-lumefantrine therapy in travellers returning to Belgium with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an observational case series with genomic analysis
Authors: Pierreux Jan , Bottieau Emmanuel , Florence Eric , Maniewski Ula , Bruggemans Anne , Malotaux Jiska , Martin Charlotte , Cox Janneke , Konopnicki Deborah , Guetens Pieter , Verschueren Jacob , Coppens Jasmine , Van Esbroeck Marjan , Mutsaers Mathijs , Rosanas-Urgell Anna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Failure of artemisinin-based combination therapy is increasingly reported in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to describe the clinical and genomic characteristics of recent cases of P. falciparum malaria failing artemether-lumefantrine in Belgium.

Methods
Travel-related cases of malaria confirmed at the national reference laboratory of the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, were reviewed. All cases for which attending clinicians reported persistence (beyond Day 3 post-treatment initiation, i.e. early failure) or recrudescence (from Day 7 to 42, i.e. late failure) of P. falciparum parasites despite adequate drug intake were analysed. Both initial and persistent/recurrent samples were submitted to next generation sequencing to investigate resistance-conferring mutations.

Results
From July 2022 to June 2023, eight P. falciparum cases of failure with artemether-lumefantrine therapy were reported (early failure = 1; late failure = 7). All travellers were returning from sub-Saharan Africa, most (6/8) after a trip to visit friends and relatives. PfKelch13 (PF3D7_1343700) mutations associated with resistance to artemisinin were found in two travellers returning from East Africa, including the validated marker R561H in the patient with early failure and the candidate marker A675V in a patient with late failure. Additional mutations were detected that could contribute to decreased susceptibility to artemisinin in another three cases, lumefantrine in six cases and proguanil in all eight participants. Various regimens were used to treat the persistent/recrudescent cases, with favourable outcome.

Conclusion
Within a 12-month period, we investigated eight travellers returning from sub-Saharan Africa with P. falciparum malaria and in whom artemether-lumefantrine failure was documented. Mutations conferring resistance to antimalarials were found in all analysed blood samples, especially against lumefantrine and proguanil, but also artemisinin. There is a pressing need for systematic genomic surveillance of resistance to antimalarials in international travellers with P. falciparum malaria, especially those experiencing treatment failure.
The Empire Strikes Back: A Chemical Warfare Burn 100 Years After the First World War Ending
Authors: Montanari Alvise , Costa Alfio Luca , Azzena Bruno 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
During the First World War, the territories that constituted the front line in North East Italy were the theaters of intense shelling. The military tactics of the time involved the use not only of conventional ammunition but also of special ammunition containing asphyxiating and blistering compounds. However, the technology of the time did not guarantee a high explosion rate, leaving a considerable quantity of unexploded material on the ground.
Although more than 100 years have passed since the end of the Great War, it is still common to find unexploded ordnance in the areas that were the site of combat. The demining campaign is still underway by the bomb squad of the Italian army with the medical support of the Military Corps of the Italian Red Cross. This case report reports the case of a young patient who came into contact with a vesicant chemical bomb along the Piave River and was subsequently admitted to the Major Burns Center of the Padua Hospital, where he was treated until full recovery. Although it is a rather rare eventuality, experiences like this provide the opportunity for the admitting surgeon to promptly and competently manage patients exposed to chemical warfare
Biomarkers of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoke Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yan Yong Yang , Ye Fen , Ho Mu-Hsing , Yeung Karly Cheuk Yin , Lee Jung Jae 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing globally. Biomarkers of waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) exposure are less studied.

Aims and Methods
To identify the types of biomarkers of WTS exposure and estimate changes in biomarker concentrations pre- to post-WTS exposure. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies up to April 24, 2023. The types of biomarkers were identified. Random-effects models were used to estimate changes in biomarker concentrations pre- to post-WTS exposure.

Results
Seventy-three studies involving 3755 participants exposed to WTS (49% male, mean age: 24.8 years) and 11 types of biomarkers of WTS exposure were identified. The biomarkers included tobacco alkaloids, expired carbon monoxide (eCO), carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), tobacco-specific nitrosamines, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, unmetabolized VOCs, unmetabolized PAHs, furan metabolites, and heterocyclic aromatic amines. Compared with pre-WTS exposure, eCO (breath; mean difference [MD] 27.00 ppm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 20.91 to 33.08), COHb (blood; MD 4.30%; 95%CI: 2.57 to 6.03), COHb (breath; MD 7.14%; 95%CI: 4.96 to 9.31), nicotine (blood; MD 8.23 ng/mL; 95%CI: 6.27 to 10.19), and cotinine (urine; MD 110.40 ng/mL; 95%CI: 46.26 to 174.54) significantly increased post-WTS exposure.

Conclusions
Biomarkers of WTS exposure were systematically identified. The similarity between the biomarkers of WTS exposure and those of cigarette smoke and higher concentrations of some biomarkers post-WTS exposure underscore the need for further research on applying biomarkers in surveillance, interventions, and regulations to mitigate the harms of waterpipe tobacco smoking.

Implications
This study provides the first comprehensive overview of biomarkers investigated and available for assessing WTS exposure and their concentration changes in the human body. Researchers can use biomarkers such as eCO, COHb, nicotine, and cotinine to measure the health risks associated with WTS exposure and objectively evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions aimed at reducing waterpipe tobacco smoking. Public health policymaking can also be informed through increased biomarker concentrations following WTS exposure, to implement regulations and public health education campaigns on limiting or preventing waterpipe tobacco smoking.
Protein sequence design on given backbones with deep learning
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Liu Haiyan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Deep learning methods for protein sequence design focus on modeling and sampling the many- dimensional distribution of amino acid sequences conditioned on the backbone structure. To produce physically foldable sequences, inter-residue couplings need to be considered properly. These couplings are treated explicitly in iterative methods or autoregressive methods. Non-autoregressive models treating these couplings implicitly are computationally more efficient, but still await tests by wet experiment. Currently, sequence design methods are evaluated mainly using native sequence recovery rate and native sequence perplexity. These metrics can be complemented by sequence-structure compatibility metrics obtained from energy calculation or structure prediction. However, existing computational metrics have important limitations that may render the generalization of computational test results to performance in real applications unwarranted. Validation of design methods by wet experiments should be encouraged.
Examining the Relationship Between Individual Patient Factors and Substantial Clinical Benefit From Telerehabilitation Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: McLaughlin Kevin H , Fritz Julie M , Minick Kate I , Brennan Gerard P , McGee Terrence , Lane Elizabeth , Thackeray Anne , Bardsley Tyler , Wegener Stephen T , Hunter Stephen J , Skolasky Richard L 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective
The coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic has facilitated the emergence of telerehabilitation, but it is unclear which patients are most likely to respond to physical therapy provided this way. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between individual patient factors and substantial clinical benefit from telerehabilitation among a cohort of patients with chronic low back pain (LBP).

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of data collected during a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Patients with chronic LBP (N = 98) were provided with a standardized physical therapy protocol adapted for telerehabilitation. We examined the relationship between patient factors and substantial clinical benefit with telerehabilitation, defined as a ≥50% improvement in disability at 10 weeks, measured using the Oswestry Disability Index.

Results
Sixteen (16.3%) patients reported a substantial clinical benefit from telerehabilitation. Patients reporting substantial clinical benefit from telerehabilitation had lower initial pain intensity, lower psychosocial risk per the STarT Back Screening Tool, higher levels of pain self-efficacy, and reported higher therapeutic alliance with their physical therapist compared to other patients.

Conclusion
Patients with lower psychosocial risk and higher pain-self efficacy experienced substantial clinical benefit from telerehabilitation for chronic LBP more often than other patients in our cohort. Therapeutic alliance was higher among patients who experienced a substantial clinical benefit compared to those who did not.

Impact
This study indicates that psychosocial factors play an important role in the outcomes of patients receiving telerehabilitation for chronic LBP. Baseline psychosocial screening may serve as a method for identifying patients likely to benefit from this approach.
Construction of millimeter-scale vascularized engineered myocardial tissue using a mixed gel
Authors: Ke Ming , Xu Wenhui , Hao Yansha , Zheng Feiyang , Yang Guanyuan , Fan Yonghong , Wang Fangfang , Nie Zhiqiang , Zhu Chuhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Engineering myocardium has shown great clinal potential for repairing permanent myocardial injury. However, the lack of perfusing blood vessels and difficulties in preparing a thick-engineered myocardium result in its limited clinical use. We prepared a mixed gel containing fibrin (5 mg/ml) and collagen I (0.2 mg/ml) and verified that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) could form microvascular lumens and myocardial cell clusters by harnessing the low-hardness and hyperelastic characteristics of fibrin. hiPSC-CMs and HUVECs in the mixed gel formed self-organized cell clusters, which were then cultured in different media using a three-phase approach. The successfully constructed vascularized engineered myocardial tissue had a spherical structure and final diameter of 1–2 mm. The tissue exhibited autonomous beats that occurred at a frequency similar to a normal human heart rate. The internal microvascular lumen could be maintained for 6 weeks and showed good results during preliminary surface re-vascularization in vitro and vascular remodeling in vivo. In summary, we propose a simple method for constructing vascularized engineered myocardial tissue, through phased cultivation that does not rely on high-end manufacturing equipment and cutting-edge preparation techniques. The constructed tissue has potential value for clinical use after preliminary evaluation.
Common ownership and creative destruction: evidence from US consumers
Authors: Aslan Hadiye 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How does common ownership affect creative destruction? What are the underlying mechanisms? Do the effects of increased common ownership vary among different customer segments? Using product-level data, we show that, on average, firms with greater common ownership introduce new products at a faster rate and discontinue existing products at a similar pace. The observed economic impacts intensify over time, reflecting the gradual nature of knowledge spillovers and the learning curve. Subsequent to an increase in common ownership, portfolio firms tend to both add and drop products that are dissimilar to those of their rival firms, with the net effect of decreasing between-firm product dissimilarity. We also find that the effects are more relevant for product modules with greater technological likeness, lower barriers to market entry, and greater numbers of product market players. Product variety is substantially greater in product lines catering to higher-income households. Overall, the result highlights the procompetitive effects of increased common ownership.
Functional Connectome Hierarchy in Schizotypy and Its Associations With Expression of Schizophrenia-Related Genes
Authors: Dong Debo , Wang Yulin , Zhou Feng , Chang Xuebin , Qiu Jiang , Feng Tingyong , He Qinghua , Lei Xu , Chen Hong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Schizotypy has been conceptualized as a continuum of symptoms with marked genetic, neurobiological, and sensory-cognitive overlaps to schizophrenia. Hierarchical organization represents a general organizing principle for both the cortical connectome supporting sensation-to-cognition continuum and gene expression variability across the cortex. However, a mapping of connectome hierarchy to schizotypy remains to be established. Importantly, the underlying changes of the cortical connectome hierarchy that mechanistically link gene expressions to schizotypy are unclear.

Study Design
The present study applied novel connectome gradient on resting-state fMRI data from 1013 healthy young adults to investigate schizotypy-associated sensorimotor-to-transmodal connectome hierarchy and assessed its similarity with the connectome hierarchy of schizophrenia. Furthermore, normative and differential postmortem gene expression data were utilized to examine transcriptional profiles linked to schizotypy-associated connectome hierarchy.

Study Results
We found that schizotypy was associated with a compressed functional connectome hierarchy. Moreover, the pattern of schizotypy-related hierarchy exhibited a positive correlation with the connectome hierarchy observed in schizophrenia. This pattern was closely colocated with the expression of schizophrenia-related genes, with the correlated genes being enriched in transsynaptic, receptor signaling and calcium ion binding.

Conclusions
The compressed connectome hierarchy suggests diminished functional system differentiation, providing a novel and holistic system-level basis for various sensory-cognition deficits in schizotypy. Importantly, its linkage with schizophrenia-altered hierarchy and schizophrenia-related gene expression yields new insights into the neurobiological continuum of psychosis. It also provides mechanistic insight into how gene variation may drive alterations in functional hierarchy, mediating biological vulnerability of schizotypy to schizophrenia.
Making Gender Crises: State Newspapers and the Regulation of Gender Nonconformity in China
Authors: Zhou Xiaogao , Liu Songyin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Media coverage about transgender and gender nonconforming people both maintains and influences normative ideas about sex, gender, and sexuality. However, how state propaganda apparatus reifies these ideas through media and contributes to gender regulations remains underexplored, especially for state-dominated media systems. To bridge this gap, this article examines the media framing of gender nonconformity in China through a content analysis of 154 state-run newspaper articles from 1980 to 2021. Our analysis reveals that state newspapers introduce gender nonconformity into the purview of governance through two processes: 1) By pushing medicalized and socialization explanations for gender nonconformity, state newspapers consolidated two categories of gender nonconformity—intersex/transgender people and gender nonconforming youth. 2) State newspapers have developed two “gender crisis” frames that positioned the management of gender nonconformity at the heart of state governance and national development. Through this, gender nonconformity becomes legible for state institutions in criminal justice, medicine, marriage, education, and media. The findings contribute to the literature on media maintenance of the sex/gender/sexuality system by demonstrating the productive power of state-run media in shaping knowledge, discourse, and the regulation of gender nonconformity.
Paved with Good Intentions: Moral Evaluation of Volunteer Tourism as Social Action
Authors: Kahana Netta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article explores how social actors account for their participation in a socially contested and criticized activity, while maintaining their moral self-worth. As a case study, the article focuses on volunteer tourism—a practice positioned at the intersection of economic inequality and global historical power relations, in which tourists combine volunteering in the Global South with vacationing. Despite public criticism, the practice is growing in popularity. Analyzing 48 in-depth interviews using theoretical ideas from the new cultural sociology of morality, I identify three predominant justifications invoked by volunteers to explain their actions. With each of these, interviewees assert the righteousness of their intentions, distancing themselves from the potentially negative outcomes of their actions—thus maintaining their moral self-worth, criticism of their actions notwithstanding. In articulating these claims, social actors express a distinct logic through which the moral evaluation of a social action is undertaken, emphasizing fundamental components of the action, referred to here as the intention and outcome propositions. The article highlights the importance of these interrelated propositions in understanding moral evaluations of an action, particularly in cases of possible moral devaluation.
Luxembourg tax updates
Authors: Fort Eric , Ajabli Bilal 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article aims at providing a holistic overview of Luxembourg’s tax framework applicable for individuals. Specifically, this article is divided into four sections. In the ‘Overview of the tax framework for individuals’ section, an overview of the Luxembourg income tax rules for each category of income will be given, after having defined the tax residency concept under Luxembourg tax law. We will also cover in the ‘Overview of the tax framework for individuals’ section other indirect taxes, such as gift and inheritance taxes. In the ‘Impatriate tax regime’ section, we will address the conditions required to benefit from the specific tax regime for qualifying international employees that have been introduced into Luxembourg tax lax. The ‘Profit-sharing premium’ section will address the profit-sharing bonus mechanism for employees, introduced to enhance the country’s attractiveness. Finally, the specific tax regime for carried interest, which has been implemented by the Law of 12 July 2013 in Luxembourg, will be covered.
Outcomes of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Among Children With Noncardiac Illness Categories*
Authors: Loaec Morgann , Himebauch Adam S. , Reeder Ron , Alvey Jessica S. , Race Jonathan A. , Su Lillian , Lasa Javier J. , Slovis Julia C. , Raymond Tia T. , Coleman Ryan , Barney Bradley J. , Kilbaugh Todd J. , Topjian Alexis A. , Sutton Robert M. , Morgan Ryan W. ,   for the American Heart Association’s (AHA) Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation (GWTG-R) Investigators
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to determine the association of the use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) with survival to hospital discharge in pediatric patients with a noncardiac illness category. A secondary objective was to report on trends in ECPR usage in this population for 20 years.

DESIGN:
Retrospective multicenter cohort study.

SETTING:
Hospitals contributing data to the American Heart Association’s Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry between 2000 and 2021.

PATIENTS:
Children (<18 yr) with noncardiac illness category who received greater than or equal to 30 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for in-hospital cardiac arrest.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Propensity score weighting balanced ECPR and conventional CPR (CCPR) groups on hospital and patient characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression incorporating these scores tested the association of ECPR with survival to discharge. A Bayesian logistic regression model estimated the probability of a positive effect from ECPR. A secondary analysis explored temporal trends in ECPR utilization. Of 875 patients, 159 received ECPR and 716 received CCPR. The median age was 1.0 [interquartile range: 0.2–7.0] year. Most patients (597/875; 68%) had a primary diagnosis of respiratory insufficiency. Median CPR duration was 45 [35–63] minutes. ECPR use increased over time (p < 0.001). We did not identify differences in survival to discharge between the ECPR group (21.4%) and the CCPR group (16.2%) in univariable analysis (p = 0.13) or propensity-weighted multivariable logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio 1.42 [95% CI, 0.84–2.40; p = 0.19]). The Bayesian model estimated an 85.1% posterior probability of a positive effect of ECPR on survival to discharge.

CONCLUSIONS:
ECPR usage increased substantially for the last 20 years. We failed to identify a significant association between ECPR and survival to hospital discharge, although a post hoc Bayesian analysis suggested a survival benefit (85% posterior probability).