bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification of trihelix transcription factor family genes in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and functional characterization of PbrGT15 in black spot resistance
Authors: Zhang Zan , Xie Haoyang , Xu Xiaoyong , Chen Xianchu , Li Tinghan , Huang Xiaosan , Zhang Shaoling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPear (Pyrus bretschneideri), a valuable widely cultivated fruit, faces significant economic losses due to black spot disease caused by Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissl. Trihelix transcription factors (TFs) are crucial in regulating plant defense and autoimmunity. This study aimed to analyze the trihelix transcription factor (GT) genes within pear through genome-wide identification, phylogenetic, gene structure, synteny, and cis-acting elements analyses. Among the 31 trihelix genes, 28 were on 12 known chromosomes, while the remaining 3 were located on unknown chromosomes. These genes were categorized into five clades: SIP1, GTγ, GT1, GT2 and SH4, containing 7, 2, 9, 11 and 2 genes, respectively. Synteny analysis indicated eight duplicated gene pairs. Based on the expression pattern of PbGT genes in seven tissues from the database, the PbGT genes of the GT2 clade were selected for further investigation. The quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction confirmed that PbrGT5, PbrGT6, PbrGT15 and PbrGT16 correlated with black spot disease resistance. Notably, the salicylic acid (SA) treatment significantly upregulated the expression levels of PbrGT10, PbrGT13, PbrGT15 and PbrGT23. Among these, PbrGT15 showed the highest induction to both SA and black spot infection. Subcellular localization demonstrated that PbrGT15 functions as a nuclear protein. Virus-induced gene silencing of PbrGT15 increased pear plants' susceptibility to black spot disease, indicating its pivotal role in enhancing resistance. These results indicated that PbrGT15 positively regulated black spot disease resistance in pears.
Mental health resources, barriers, and intervention needs among women in rural Maharashtra, India: A qualitative study
Authors: Iyer Kaavya , Gupta Pooja , Sapre Shivani , Pawar Tanvi , Gala Pooja , Kapoor Hansika , Kalahasthi Rupa , Ticku Arunima , Kulkarni Savita , Iyer Poorvi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This research paper focuses on the mental health needs, the need for mental health interventions and barriers in mental healthcare of women living in rural Maharashtra, India. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study has collected data from a sample of women living in the rural areas of Maharashtra through in-depth interviews. The data collected has been analyzed to identify the barriers and obstacles in mental healthcare, how the existing community support serves as a resource as well as the desire for potential mental healthcare interventions among participants. The findings of the study are expected to contribute to the development of effective mental health interventions tailored to the specific needs of women living in the rural areas of Maharashtra. Overall, this research paper aims to improve the understanding of the mental health needs of women in rural Maharashtra and provide insights for policymakers and mental health practitioners to develop effective interventions to promote their mental well-being.
Appropriation, Opting Out, and the Common Good in Public Debates: An Analysis of Christian Ethical Arguments
Authors: Dunn Shannon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article examines anti-mask protests in the United States in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, I look at the cultural (mis)appropriation of slogans by anti-mask protestors, such as “I can’t breathe” and “My body, my choice.” Noting that this is at first glance a bit of a puzzling phenomenon, I show that there is a relationship between the anti-mask protest, white Christian grievance politics, and the disintegration of the public sphere. Drawing on the work of Bonnie Honig, I argue that the anti-mask protests represent a mode of opting out of public engagement, hence opting out of the practice of using rational argumentation to explain why things ought to be a certain way, as well as listening to the reasons of others. Insofar as this has become a popular mode of engagement among a significant number of Americans, it needs to be understood in the language of foregoing responsibility for others in US pluralistic democracy. Indeed, further explication of the relationship between responsibility and freedom is absolutely necessary. I maintain that opting out is ethically untenable because of the nature of interdependence with others and the necessity of adhering to the rule of law. An ethic of reciprocity properly grounds an understanding of embodied freedom, resisting the extremes of grievance politics.
Prevalence and management outcomes of tonic tensor tympani syndrome in an ENT audiology tinnitus clinic in Singapore
Authors: Tan Shu Hwei Linette , Lee Gary Jek Chong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTonic tensor tympani syndrome is found in a subset of tinnitus patients who experience intra-aural and peri-aural symptoms, in addition to their tinnitus, in the absence of clinically detectable pathology. As the syndrome has not been widely reported, this study aims to determine its prevalence and evaluate the effectiveness of current management.MethodsThe tinnitus management clinic records of patients over the past six years were assessed to identify tonic tensor tympani syndrome patients and track their progress based on patient-reported Tinnitus Handicap Index scores. Patients with reversible ear pathology and temporomandibular joint disorder were excluded.ResultsIt was found that 13 per cent of the tinnitus management patients fulfilled the criteria for tonic tensor tympani syndrome and 94 per cent of those who returned for follow up showed an improvement in their Tinnitus Handicap Index grades.ConclusionThis study suggests that tonic tensor tympani syndrome is a significant problem among tinnitus patients and current tinnitus management strategies contribute effectively to helping such patients habituate to their symptoms.
Outcomes of patients in Chagas disease of the central nervous system: a systematic review
Authors: Shelton William J. , Gonzalez John M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Chagas disease is a parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. One of the complications of the disease is the infection of the central nervous system (CNS), as it can result from either the acute phase or by reactivation during the chronic phase, exhibiting high mortality in immunocompromised patients. This systematic review aimed to determine clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with Chagas disease in the CNS. Articles were searched from PubMed, Scopus and LILACS until January 2023. From 2325 articles, 59 case reports and 13 case series of patients with Chagas in the CNS were retrieved from which 138 patients were identified. In this population, 77% of the patients were male, with a median age of 35 years old, from which most of them came from Argentina and Brazil. Most of the individuals were immunocompromised from which 89% were HIV-positive, and 54 patients had an average of 48 cells per mm3 CD4+ T cells. Motor deficits and seizures were the most common manifestation of CNS compromise. Furthermore, 90 patients had a documented CNS lesion by imaging from which 89% were supratentorial and 86% were in the anterior/middle cranial fossa. The overall mortality was of 74%. Among patients who were empirically treated with anti-toxoplasma drugs, 70% died. This review shows how Chagas disease in the CNS is a devastating complication requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment to improve patients’ outcomes.
ON GROUPS OF UNITS OF SPECIAL AND ONE-RELATOR INVERSE MONOIDS
Authors: Gray Robert D. , Ruškuc Nik 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the groups of units of one-relator and special inverse monoids. These are inverse monoids which are defined by presentations, where all the defining relations are of the form
$r=1$
. We develop new approaches for finding presentations for the group of units of a special inverse monoid, and apply these methods to give conditions under which the group admits a presentation with the same number of defining relations as the monoid. In particular, our results give sufficient conditions for the group of units of a one-relator inverse monoid to be a one-relator group. When these conditions are satisfied, these results give inverse semigroup theoretic analogues of classical results of Adjan for one-relator monoids, and Makanin for special monoids. In contrast, we show that in general these classical results do not hold for one-relator and special inverse monoids. In particular, we show that there exists a one-relator special inverse monoid whose group of units is not a one-relator group (with respect to any generating set), and we show that there exists a finitely presented special inverse monoid whose group of units is not finitely presented.
Bedrock Fractures Control Groundwater‐Driven Mountain Slope Deformations
Authors: Oestreicher N. , Lei Q. , Loew S. , Roques C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeasonal deformation of mountain rock slopes can be driven by groundwater infiltration and depletion. Such processes could explain our field observation in the Aletsch Valley, Switzerland, where GNSS‐derived 3D annual displacement amplitudes reach 3.4 cm. However, the physical mechanisms behind such groundwater‐driven surface displacements are not well understood. Here, we develop a fully coupled hydromechanical model to simulate the relevant processes in a valley slope embedded with numerous fractures of variable sizes. The magnitude and orientation of transient annual slope surface displacement obtained from our model are in overall agreement with the field observations. The key geological factors controlling the type and magnitude of reversible mountain slope deformations are fracture network geometry, fracture aperture, and regional stress field. We show that the heterogeneity and anisotropy of bedrock hydromechanical responses, originating from depth‐dependent variations of fracture properties, play a critical role in groundwater recharge and valley slope deformation. During recharge events, pore pressure perturbations migrate downward from the groundwater table and toward the receiving stream and the deep subsurface. This process driven by pressure diffusion and poroelastic stressing develops in the subsurface with a great reach of up to a few kilometers, called critical hydromechanical response zone, and controls surface deformation patterns. During groundwater recession, this hydromechanical response zone expands downward and ground surface displacement vectors rotate upwards. Our results suggest that slope surface deformation can inform about subsurface permeability structures and pore pressure fluctuations, which have important implications for understanding groundwater flow in fractured bedrock slopes.
Stiff, Smooth, and Solid? Complex Fracture Hydraulics' Imprint on Oscillatory Hydraulic Testing
Authors: Patterson Jeremy R. , Cardiff Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFractured bedrock aquifers, especially deep aquifers, represent increasingly common targets for waste storage and alternative energy development, necessitating detailed quantitative descriptions of fracture hydraulic properties, geometry, and connectivity. Yet, multi‐scale characterization of the physical properties that govern fluid flow through and storage in fractured bedrock remains a fundamental hydrogeologic challenge. Oscillatory hydraulic testing, a novel hydraulic characterization technique, has been showing promise in field experiments to characterize the effective hydraulic properties of bedrock fractures. To date, these characterization efforts utilize simplified diffusive analytical models that conceptualize a non‐deforming, parallel‐plate fracture embedded within impermeable host rock, and have found that the returned fracture hydraulic parameter estimates exhibit an apparent period‐dependence. We conduct synthetic experiments using three different numerical models to examine proposed mechanisms that might contribute to the observed period‐dependence including heterogeneous flow and storage within the fracture (i.e., aperture heterogeneity), fracture‐host rock fluid exchange, and fracture hydromechanics. This work represents the first systematic analysis that seeks to understand the process(es) occurring within a bedrock fracture that might be contributing to this apparent period‐dependence. Our analysis demonstrates that all investigated mechanisms generate period‐dependent effective hydraulic parameter estimates, each with their own potentially diagnostic trends; however, fracture hydromechanics is the only explored mechanism that consistently reproduces period‐dependent trends in parameter estimates that are consistent with existing field investigations. These results highlight the need to develop more complex numerical modeling approaches that account for this hydromechanical behavior when characterizing fractured bedrock aquifers.
Dispersion Versus Diffusion in Mixing Fronts
Authors: Rousseau Gauthier , Izumoto Satoshi , Le Borgne Tanguy , Heyman Joris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMixing fronts form when fluids with different chemical compositions are brought into contact. They influence a large range of biogeochemical processes in hydrological systems. An important mechanism governing mixing rates in such fronts is stretching by non‐uniform flows that accelerates diffusive mass transfer by enhancing concentration gradients. In a range of systems, including porous media at Darcy scale, hydrodynamic dispersion dominates over diffusion to control local mixing rates. As it differs from diffusion through its velocity‐dependent dispersion tensor, it is not known how local dispersion interacts with macroscopic mixing front stretching. Here, we investigate the impact of local dispersion versus diffusion on the properties of steady mixing fronts created by both uniform and non‐uniform flows. We derive analytical solutions for the concentration profile, mixing scale and mixing rate across the fronts. We validate these predictions by comparison with numerical simulations and experiments performed in quasi two‐dimensional tanks over a broad range of Péclet numbers. Without porous media, the mixing scale is governed by local diffusion coupled with flow: it increases diffusively along streamlines in uniform flows while it is constant in converging flows due to the balance between fluid compression and local diffusion. With porous media, the Batchelor scale is no longer sustained and the mixing scale grows with dispersion in non‐uniform flows. In addition, the coupling between flow acceleration and dispersion results in a flow rate independent mixing interface, in contrast with the local diffusion scenario. We discuss the consequences of these findings on mixing rates in mixing fronts.
Targeting ferroptosis by poly(acrylic) acid coated Mn3O4 nanoparticles alleviates acute liver injury
Authors: Shan Xinyi , Li Jiahuan , Liu Jiahao , Feng Baoli , Zhang Ting , Liu Qian , Ma Huixin , Wu Honghong , Wu Hao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFerroptosis, a newly characterized form of regulated cell death, is induced by excessive accumulation of lipid peroxidation catalyzed by intracellular bioactive iron. Increasing evidence has suggested that ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including acute liver injury. Targeted inhibition of ferroptosis holds great promise for the clinical treatment of these diseases. Herein, we report a simple and one-pot synthesis of ultrasmall poly(acrylic) acid coated Mn3O4 nanoparticles (PAA@Mn3O4-NPs, PMO), which perform multiple antioxidant enzyme-mimicking activities and can scavenge broad-spectrum reactive oxygen species. PMO could potently suppress ferroptosis. Mechanistically, after being absorbed mainly through macropinocytosis, PMO are largely enriched in lysosomes, where PMO detoxify ROS, inhibit ferritinophagy-mediated iron mobilization and preserve mTOR activation, which collectively confer the prominent inhibition of ferroptosis. Additionally, PMO injection potently counteracts lipid peroxidation and alleviates acetaminophen- and ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute liver injury in mice. Collectively, our results reveal that biocompatible PMO act as potent ferroptosis inhibitors through multifaceted mechanisms, which ensures that PMO have great translational potential for the clinical treatment of ferroptosis-related acute liver injury.
Structure and properties of graphullerene: a semiconducting two-dimensional C60 crystal
Authors: Argaman Uri , Makov Guy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGraphullerene is a recently discovered, two-dimensional allotrope of carbon formed from C60 molecules. It has been synthesized in the form (C60Mg4)n and subsequently transformed into (C60)n by removal of the Mg atoms. Ab initio calculations are employed to examine the structure and properties of this material. Structurally, graphullerene is composed of strained C60 molecules. Each of these molecules is connected to six neighbors in a hexagonal network with a total of eight chemical bonds. We find this structure to be meta-stable, owing to the strain produced by the covalent bonding of the molecules. However, the inclusion of Mg atoms transforms the cohesion energy from negative to positive values by forming additional C-Mg bonds, creating an energetically stable material. In the absence of Mg, this allotrope is a pure carbon semiconductor with an indirect band gap. Phonon spectrum calculations confirm the dynamical stability of the material and yield its in- and out-of-plane sound velocities. In addition, symmetry breaking of the C60 molecules results in a distribution of bond lengths and creates vibrational modes that serve as a signature of graphullerene.
Formulation of food grade Limosilactobacillus fermentum for antifungal properties isolated from home-made curd
Authors: Mandal Sucheta , Mandal Narayan Chandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFood spoilage has become a worldwide problem. Limosilactobacillus fermentum LAB212, isolated from home-made curd produces some potent antifungal compounds which can combat a wide range of spoilage and pathogenic fungi by disrupting their cell wall. Dual culture overlay assay and co-culture assay have confirmedly shown the potentiality of the strain. DOWEX50H + extraction and chemical characterization by high performance liquid chromatography show that lactic acid and acetic acid are playing the key roles in executing the antifungal activity. DPPH scavenging assay proves that the strain also exhibits a good antioxidant activity. After observing all the beneficial features and social need of the chemical preservative free food it is becoming highly prospective to exploite the strain commercially. In an experiment conducted for 180 days it was standardized that LAB212 supplemented with MRS and inulin is found most effective combination when challenged against the spoilage fungal species of Aspergillus flavus VBAH14, Penicillium rubens VBCA11, thus can be used as a very effective preservative agent. Using this strain as bio-preservative agent will also minimize the food borne diseases.
Visual objects approaching the body modulate subsequent somatosensory processing at 4 months of age
Authors: Orioli Giulia , Parisi Irene , van Velzen José L. , Bremner Andrew J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe asked whether, in the first year of life, the infant brain can support the dynamic crossmodal interactions between vision and somatosensation that are required to represent peripersonal space. Infants aged 4 (n = 20, 9 female) and 8 (n = 20, 10 female) months were presented with a visual object that moved towards their body or receded away from it. This was presented in the bottom half of the screen and not fixated upon by the infants, who were instead focusing on an attention getter at the top of the screen. The visual moving object then disappeared and was followed by a vibrotactile stimulus occurring later in time and in a different location in space (on their hands). The 4-month-olds’ somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were enhanced when tactile stimuli were preceded by unattended approaching visual motion, demonstrating that the dynamic visual-somatosensory cortical interactions underpinning representations of the body and peripersonal space begin early in the first year of life. Within the 8-month-olds’ sample, SEPs were increasingly enhanced by (unexpected) tactile stimuli following receding visual motion as age in days increased, demonstrating changes in the neural underpinnings of the representations of peripersonal space across the first year of life.
Analysis of renewable energy consumption and economy considering the joint optimal allocation of “renewable energy + energy storage + synchronous condenser”
Authors: Wang Zesen , Li Qi , Kong Shuaihao , Li Weiyu , Luo Jing , Huang Tianxiao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs renewable energy becomes increasingly dominant in the energy mix, the power system is evolving towards high proportions of renewable energy installations and power electronics-based equipment. This transition introduces significant challenges to the grid’s safe and stable operation. On the one hand, renewable energy generation equipment inherently provides weak voltage support, necessitating improvements in the voltage support capacity at renewable energy grid points. This situation leads to frequent curtailments and power limitations. On the other hand, the output of renewable energy is characterized by its volatility and randomness, resulting in substantial power curtailment. The joint intelligent control and optimization technology of “renewable energy + energy storage + synchronous condenser” can effectively enhance the deliverable capacity limits of renewable energy, boost its utilization rates, and meet the demands for renewable energy transmission and consumption. Initially, the paper discusses the mechanism by which distributed synchronous condensers improve the short-circuit ratio based on the MRSCR (Multiple Renewable Energy Station Short-Circuits Ratio) index. Subsequently, with the minimum total cost of system operation as the optimization objective, a time-series production simulation optimization model is established. A corresponding optimization method, considering the joint configuration of “renewable energy + energy storage + synchronous condenser,” is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through common calculations using BPA, SCCP, and the production simulation model, considering a real-world example involving large-scale renewable and thermal energy transmission through an AC/DC system. The study reveals that the joint intelligent control and optimization technology can enhance both the sending and absorbing capacities of renewable energy while yielding favorable economic benefits.