bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TUJUN DAN FUNGSI FILSAFAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN ILMU
Authors: Muhadi Faisal , Nurliana  
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tujuan filsafat dalam pengembangan ilmu serta fungsi dari filsafat pada pengembangan ilmu. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui lebih spesifik terkait tujuan dan fungsi filsafat dalam pengembangan ilmu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatatan kualitatif metode SLR (systematic literature review). Sumber literatur diambil melalui database google scholar jurnal dan buku. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah filsafat ilmu sebagai penjelas keberadaan ilmu terhadap ilmu lain yang membutuhkan pengetahuan sebagai media berpikir ilmiah. Filsafat bertujuan sebagai pendorong ilmuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan ilmiah. Filsafat ilmu harus diintegrasikan dengan perkembangan ilmu agar terwujudnya fungsi keilmuan terutama aspek moral serta intelektual. Hal tersebut karena ilmu bersifat independen atau netral dan tidak bermakna baik atau buruk, berkembang nya ilmu maka berkembang pula filsafat ilmu, karena filsafat ilmu memiliki peran sebagai pewujud etika keilmuan yang baik. Adanya filsafat ilmu bertujuan untuk mengembalikan ruh keilmuah agar tetap mendorong para ilmuah untuk berpikir dan berprilaku bijaksana.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Syafira  , Zuraira Tasya , Utami Nuria Tri , Sagala Chairunnisa , Anggara Aldi Bayu , Nasution Inom 
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penilaian, kendala, solusi dan hasil yang diperoleh dari pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia yakni guru bahasa Indonesia mulai merancang untuk pengadaan silabus, analisis standar kompetensi lulusan, kompetensi inti dan kompetensi dasar, menyusun program tahunan, menyusun program semester, kriteria ketuntasan minimal, dan membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan kurikulum yang berlaku. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran mengarahkan siswa agar berusaha dengan sendirinya dan penuh kesadaran secara bersama-sama untuk mencapai sasaran sesuai dengan apa yang tertera dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran. Penilaian pembelajaran dengan tahapan yakni ketika proses pembelajaran berlangsung siswa melaksanakan tugas dari guru. Kendala yang dialami adalah ketika ditemukan siswa yang tidak percaya diri maka sulit untuk disuruh presentasi di depan kelas, siswa sering mengulur-ulur waktu ketika pengajaran latihan sehingga pekerjaan terabaikan. Evaluasi program adalah suatu upaya untuk mengumpulkan, menyusun, mengolah dan menganalisa fakta, data dan informasi untuk menyimpulkan harga, nilai, prestasi, kegunaan, manfaat mengenai suatu program, kantor, sekolah, organisasi atau lembaga dan lain-lain untuk disimpulkan sebagai landasan pengambilan keputusan tentang program tersebut apakah dilanjutkan, direvisi atau dihentikan.

Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Program Penguatan, dan Bahasa Indonesia
Sirtuin 1 alleviates alcoholic liver disease by inhibiting HMGB1 acetylation and translocation
Authors: Fu Juan , Deng Wei , Ge Jun , Fu Shengqi , Li Panpan , Wu Huazhi , Wang Jiao , Gao Yi , Gao Hui , Wu Tao 
Published: November 2023

Background
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders resulting from prolonged alcohol consumption and is influenced by factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) plays a pivotal role in ALD due to its involvement in inflammation and immune responses. Another key factor, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is known for its roles in cellular stress responses and metabolic regulation. Despite individual studies on HMGB1 and SIRT1 in ALD, their specific molecular interactions and combined effects on disease advancement remain incompletely understood.

Methods
Alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) models were established using HepG2 cells and male C57BL/6 mice. HMGB1 and SIRT1 expressions were assessed at the mRNA and protein levels usingreverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. The physical interaction between HMGB1 and SIRT1 was investigated using co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence co-expression analyses. Cellular viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay.

Results
In patients with clinical ALI, HMGB1 mRNA levels were elevated, while SIRT1 expression was reduced, indicating a negative correlation between the two. ALI models were successfully established in cells and mice, as evidenced by increased markers of cellular and liver damage. HMGB1 acetylation and translocation were observed in both ALI cells and mouse models. Treatment with the SIRT1 agonist, SRT1720, reversed the upregulation of HMGB1 acetylation, nuclear translocation, and release in the ethyl alcohol (EtOH) group. Furthermore, SIRT1 significantly attenuated ALI. Importantly, in vivo binding was confirmed between SIRT1 and HMGB1.

Conclusions
SIRT1 alleviates HMGB1 acetylation and translocation, thereby ameliorating ALI.
Multidrug Resistance in Klebsiella species Isolated from Liquid Herbal Remedies in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Ndukwu Chidi L. C. , Akani Nedie P. 
Published: November 2023

Aims: Klebsiella are lactose fermenting, encapsulated, non-motile, oxidase-negative, gram negative rods; belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and the non-taxonomic group, coliforms. Klebsiella isolates numbering 109, recovered from three categories of liquid herbal medicines were analyzed with the intent of ascertaining the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) strains.
Study Design: The research is an observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional research. The samples of herbal remedies procured from randomly selected outlets within Port Harcourt metropolis in a completely randomized block design. The analysis was conducted at the Department of Microbiology laboratory of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methodology: The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca were determined against 15 antimicrobial agents in common use in the area, namely amoxicillin clavulanate(30ug/ul), ceftriaxone (30ug/ul), cefuroxime (30ug/ul), cephalexin (30ug/ul), chloramphenicol (30ug/ul), ciprofloxacin (5 ug/ul), cotrimoxazole (25ug/ul), doxycycline (30ug/ul), erythromycin (15 ug/ul), gentamycin (10 ug/ul), levofloxacin (5 ug/ul) norfloxacin (10 ug/ul), ofloxacin (5 ug/ul), peflacine (5 ug/ul), streptomycin (10 ug/ul) (0xoid/Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK).; by seeding the test isolates on Muellar-Hinton agar (oxoid) and incubating for 18 to 24 hours.
Results: The cumulative resistance profile for all strains was 45.4%. Doxycycline was the least effective antimicrobial, being resisted by 63.3% of the strains, followed by cotrimoxazole (61.5%), erythromycin (58.7%), chloramphenicol (57.8%) and norfloxacin (50.0%). Overall, 82.6% of the Klebsiella strains were MDR, including extensively drug resistant-XDR, (52.3%) and pandrug resistance-PDR (1.8%). Non-multidrug resistant-NMDR strains were 16.0%. MDR strains constitute 81.6% of Klebsiella pneumoniae which includes XDR (48.8%) and PDR (2.0%); while NMDR strains were 18.4%. The MDR strains amounted to 90.9% of the Klebsiella oxytoca strains all of which were XDR.
Conclusion: This study has contributed in establishing that liquid herbal remedies are contaminated with multidrug resistant strains of Klebsiella Species. It has also shown that multidrug resistant strains of the bacteria are on the increase and could pose a great threat to public health.
Effect of Personalized Risk-Reduction Strategies on Cognition and Dementia Risk Profile Among Older Adults
Authors: Yaffe Kristine , Vittinghoff Eric , Dublin Sascha , Peltz Carrie B. , Fleckenstein Lynn E. , Rosenberg Dori E. , Barnes Deborah E. , Balderson Benjamin H. , Larson Eric B. 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceModifiable risk factors are hypothesized to account for 30% to 40% of dementia; yet, few trials have demonstrated that risk-reduction interventions, especially multidomain, are efficacious.ObjectiveTo determine if a personalized, multidomain risk reduction intervention improves cognition and dementia risk profile among older adults.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Systematic Multi-Domain Alzheimer Risk Reduction Trial was a randomized clinical trial with a 2-year personalized, risk-reduction intervention. A total of 172 adults at elevated risk for dementia (age 70-89 years and with ≥2 of 8 targeted risk factors) were recruited from primary care clinics associated with Kaiser Permanente Washington. Data were collected from August 2018 to August 2022 and analyzed from October 2022 to September 2023.InterventionParticipants were randomly assigned to the intervention (personalized risk-reduction goals with health coaching and nurse visits) or to a health education control.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was change in a composite modified Neuropsychological Test Battery; preplanned secondary outcomes were change in risk factors and quality of life (QOL). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Linear mixed models were used to compare, by intention to treat, average treatment effects (ATEs) from baseline over follow-up. The intervention and outcomes were initially in person but then, due to onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, were remote.ResultsThe 172 total participants had a mean (SD) age of 75.7 (4.8) years, and 108 (62.8%) were women. After 2 years, compared with the 90 participants in the control group, the 82 participants assigned to intervention demonstrated larger improvements in the composite cognitive score (ATE of SD, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.25; P = .02; a 74% improvement compared with the change in the control group), better composite risk factor score (ATE of SD, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.01-0.20; P = .03), and improved QOL (ATE, 0.81 points; 95% CI, −0.21 to 1.84; P = .12). There were no between-group differences in serious adverse events (24 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group; P = .59), but the intervention group had greater treatment-related adverse events such as musculoskeletal pain (14 in the intervention group vs 0 in the control group; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, a 2-year, personalized, multidomain intervention led to modest improvements in cognition, dementia risk factors, and QOL. Modifiable risk-reduction strategies should be considered for older adults at risk for dementia.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03683394
Nuclear Technology, 4. Nuclear Fusion
Authors: Zohm Hartmut , Schumacher Uwe , Herold Hans 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1
Introduction

2
Fusion Physics

3
Plasma Confinement and Status of Fusion Research

3.1
Magnetic Plasma Confinement

3.1.1
Tokamak

3.1.2
Stellarator

3.1.3
Status of Magnetic Confinement Fusion

3.2
Inertial Confinement Fusion

4
Fusion Power Plant Technology

4.1
Vacuum Vessel and First Wall

4.2
Magnets

4.3
Plasma Heating

4.4
Breeding Blanket and Fuel Cycle

References
Association of genetic and sulcal traits with executive function in congenital heart disease
Authors: Maleyeff Lara , Newburger Jane W. , Wypij David , Thomas Nina H. , Anagnoustou Evdokia , Brueckner Martina , Chung Wendy K. , Cleveland John , Cunningham Sean , Gelb Bruce D. , Goldmuntz Elizabeth , Hagler Donald J , Huang Hao , King Eileen , McQuillen Patrick , Miller Thomas A. , Norris‐Brilliant Ami , Porter George A. , Roberts Amy E. , Grant P. Ellen , Im Kiho , Morton Sarah U. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivePersons with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities, including impairments to executive function. Sulcal pattern features correlate with executive function in adolescents with single‐ventricle heart disease and tetralogy of Fallot. However, the interaction of sulcal pattern features with genetic and participant factors in predicting executive dysfunction is unknown.MethodsWe studied sulcal pattern features, participant factors, and genetic risk for executive function impairment in a cohort with multiple CHD types using stepwise linear regression and machine learning.ResultsGenetic factors, including predicted damaging de novo or rare inherited variants in neurodevelopmental disabilities risk genes, apolipoprotein E genotype, and principal components of sulcal pattern features were associated with executive function measures after adjusting for age at testing, sex, mother's education, and biventricular versus single‐ventricle CHD in a linear regression model. Using regression trees and bootstrap validation, younger participant age and larger alterations in sulcal pattern features were consistently identified as important predictors of decreased cognitive flexibility with left hemisphere graph topology often selected as the most important predictor. Inclusion of both sulcal pattern and genetic factors improved model fit compared to either alone.InterpretationWe conclude that sulcal measures remain important predictors of cognitive flexibility, and the model predicting executive outcomes is improved by inclusion of potential genetic sources of neurodevelopmental risk. If confirmed, measures of sulcal patterning may serve as early imaging biomarkers to identify those at heightened risk for future neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Green‐Prepared Magnesium Silicate Sprays Enhance the Repair of Burn‐Skin Wound and Appendages Regeneration in Rats and Minipigs
Authors: Xu Shunxiang , Zhang Yuantao , Dai Bingyang , Rao Jiancun , Deng Fanyan , Zhang Shi'an , Shao Hongwei , Li Xu , Jin Zheyu , Liang Tongzhou , Yang Yongkang , Li Yucong , Chen Ziyi , Tong Wenxue , Xu Jiankun , Ning Congqin , Qin Ling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBioceramics provide promising tactics for wound healing, yet the on‐shelf products are still unmet, especially for skin appendages regeneration. Herein, the inorganic magnesium silicate sprays (MSS) as mineral factors to overcome the existing challenges is proposed. Results indicate MSS can be synthesized by a green method without organic solvents, templates, calcination, and harmful by‐products. With amorphous phase, nanoscale, and high specific surface area, MSS reveal an improved pH‐responsive degradability and excellent bioactivity for cell proliferation and migration. In rats, MSS display a dose‐dependent effect on accelerating burn‐wound repair via regulating the expressions of iNOS and IL‐10 to attenuate inflammation, elevating the expressions of CD31 and α‐SMA to improve vascularization, and boosting collagen deposition without ectopic calcification. The released Mg and Si ions synergistically potentiate the expressions of Gap43, Tubb3, and K19, suggesting the regeneration of peripheral nerves and hair follicles. These superior features are further verified by comparisons with commercial products, Dermlin® and 45S5 bioglass®, in both rats and minipigs. Motivated by these findings, three MSS‐based formulations of band‐aid patch, adhesive hydrogel, and antibacterial sprays are devised for specific scenarios. Taken together, this proof‐of concept study provides a promising bioactive mineral for future clinical skin wound repair and functional appendages regeneration.
Omnidirectionally Strain‐Unperturbed Tactile Array from Modulus Regulation in Quasi‐Homogeneous Elastomer Meshes
Authors: Xu Liangxu , Zhao Xuan , Xun Xiaochen , Gao Fangfang , Gao Lusen , Bi Shuxin , Fan Liubing , Zhao Shuchang , Liao Qingliang , Zhang Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSkin‐like stretchable tactile arrays are of paramount significance for perceiving physical interactions in dynamic biological tissues, prosthetic limbs, and robots. However, mechanical strain‐induced interference invariably degrades the pressure‐sensing accuracy of tactile arrays. In this work, an omnidirectionally strain‐unperturbed tactile array is prepared through modulus regulation in quasi‐homogeneous elastomer meshes. By varying fiber orientations, the proportion of intrinsic elastic and structural deformations in quasi‐homogeneous elastomer meshes can be adjusted, and the modulus can be regulated from 0.23 to 8.23 MPa. The tactile array combined with low‐ and high‐modulus elastomer meshes enables strain‐unperturbed pressure sensing through local stiffening and controllable deformation. Remarkably, the tactile array exhibits 97% strain insensitivity when stretched 100% along the omniplane directions. Moreover, the quasi‐homogeneous structure endows the tactile array with high robustness, even after 5000 cycles of severe stretching or pressing. By integrating the tactile array with a microcontroller, a tactile visualization system is built to achieve accurate tactile interaction even under multiaxial tensile strain. This work provides an alternative insight into the design of omnidirectionally strain‐unperturbed electronic devices for wide applications on dynamic surfaces.
Tailoring the Chemisorption Manner of Fe d‐Band Center with La2O3 for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Li Tongfei , Zhang Luping , Zhang Li , Ke Jiawei , Du Tianheng , Zhang Lifang , Cao Yufeng , Yan Chenglin , Qian Tao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEngineering the electronic configuration and intermediates adsorption behaviors of high‐performance non‐noble‐metal‐based catalysts for the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode is highly imperative for the development of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), yet remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a rare‐earth metal oxide engineering tactic through the formation of Fe3O4/La2O3 heterostructures in N,O‐doped carbon nanospheres (Fe3O4/La2O3@N,O‐CNSs) for efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalysis is reported. The theoretical calculations reveal that the interfacial bonds formed by the La─O─Fe heterogeneous interface effectively optimize the electronic structure of the Fe d‐band center relative to the Fermi level, which results in a significant reduction of the reaction barriers of rate‐limiting steps during the ORR. The modulation in intermediates chemisorption enables Fe3O4/La2O3@N,O‐CNSs an outstanding ORR performance and improved stability, with a significantly higher half‐wave potential value (0.88 V). More impressively, this integrated catalyst delivers a remarkable power density of 148.7 mW cm−2 in practical AEMFC operating conditions, along with negligible performance degradation over 100 h using an H2‐air atmosphere, which is higher than commercial Pt/C‐coupled electrodes. The results presented here are believed to provide guidelines for fabricating high‐performance AEMFCs electrocatalysts in terms of heterointerface engineering and strong electronic coupling effect induced by rare‐earth oxides.
Zinc‐Ion Microbatteries with High Operando Dynamic Stretchability Designed to Operate in Extreme Environments
Authors: Lee Se Hun , Hwang Jeonguk , Song Chiho , Park Changyong , Kim Hyung‐Seok , Ahn Heejoon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHighly stretchable and cycle‐stable (high operando dynamic stretchable) zinc‐ion microbatteries that are nonharmful, environmentally friendly, and low cost are developed herein for the first time. Stretchable zinc‐ion microbatteries (SZIMBs) are fabricated by simultaneously incorporating the facile synthesis of conducting polymer‐intercalated vanadium oxide nanofibers as flexible and elastic cathode materials; the construction, design, and assembly of wavy‐type microdevices; and pre‐zincation techniques that break stereotypes. The poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT)‐intercalated zinc vanadium oxide nanofiber zinc‐ion microbatteries (E‐ZVONF‐SZIMBs) manufactured by combining these strategies exhibit a maximum specific capacity of 0.16 mAh cm−2, high energy density of 0.112 mWh cm−2, and high power density of 3.5 mW cm−2 and maintain 83.7% of the initial specific capacity after 500 cycles. The E‐ZVONF‐SZIMBs maintain 78.9% of their initial specific capacity even after 7000 mechanical stretching/bending tests, exhibiting excellent operando dynamic stretchability. The stretchable zinc‐ion microbatteries show practical feasibility by maintaining 80% and 90% of the capacity at −20 and 60°C under 200% strain, respectively. These remarkable achievements in the field of stretchable zinc‐ion microbatteries are expected to have significant implications for the development of future device platforms.
A Multifunctional Scaffold for Bone Infection Treatment by Delivery of microRNA Therapeutics Combined With Antimicrobial Nanoparticles
Authors: Sadowska Joanna M. , Power Rachael. N. , Genoud Katelyn J. , Matheson Austyn , González‐Vázquez Arlyng , Costard Lara , Eichholz Kian , Pitacco Pierluca , Hallegouet Tanguy , Chen Gang , Curtin Caroline M. , Murphy Ciara M. , Cavanagh Brenton , Zhang Huijun , Kelly Daniel J. , Boccaccini Aldo R. , O'Brien Fergal J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTreating bone infections and ensuring bone repair is one of the greatest global challenges of modern orthopedics, made complex by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risks due to long‐term antibiotic treatment and debilitating large bone defects following infected tissue removal. An ideal multi‐faceted solution would will eradicate bacterial infection without long‐term antibiotic use, simultaneously stimulating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Here, a multifunctional collagen‐based scaffold that addresses these needs by leveraging the potential of antibiotic‐free antimicrobial nanoparticles (copper‐doped bioactive glass, CuBG) to combat infection without contributing to AMR in conjunction with microRNA‐based gene therapy (utilizing an inhibitor of microRNA‐138) to stimulate both osteogenesis and angiogenesis, is developed. CuBG scaffolds reduce the attachment of gram‐positive bacteria by over 80%, showcasing antimicrobial functionality. The antagomiR‐138 nanoparticles induce osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and heal a large load‐bearing defect in a rat femur when delivered on the scaffold. Combining both promising technologies results in a multifunctional antagomiR‐138‐activated CuBG scaffold inducing hMSC‐mediated osteogenesis and stimulating vasculogenesis in an in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Overall, this multifunctional scaffold catalyzes killing mechanisms in bacteria while inducing bone repair through osteogenic and angiogenic coupling, making this platform a promising multi‐functional strategy for treating and repairing complex bone infections.