bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital tools as a key element of human resource management technology in the conditions of digital transformation
Authors: Smeshko O. G. , Mordovets V. A. , Vardanyan E. O. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To identify technological features of human resource management (HRM) in the conditions of digital transformation.Objectives. To describe the main directions of HRM technology transformation in modern conditions; to define the concept of "digital tools"; to systematize the digital tools used in modern conditions; to identify promising directions of using digital tools on the way of digital trans- formation.Methods. The authors used in the research process the methods of contextual analysis, modeling terms and models, induction and deduction, synthesis and description, applied methods of comparative, system and structural analysis.Results. The outcome of the digital transformation of business is a progressive process, which in the end will radically affect the functioning of personnel. In this regard, the concept of "digital tools" of HRM is defined, their relationship with HRM technologies is revealed. It is revealed what digital tools are most often used today in Russian companies, whether there is their classification by forms of application and whether digital tools affect the technological process of HRM. The peculiarity of applying HRM tools from the possible set of tools is its scientific substantiation on the one hand and the practice of its application on the other. The basis is the orientation on the solution of a certain problem faced by the company in the current period. In order to get an effective effect, it is necessary to refuse from haphazard ap- plication of tools. A technological process of HRM should be formed, which will be based on a clearly structured sequence of actions that are interchangeable. An important element that should be paid close attention to is the understanding that the new information reality will place increased demands on the competencies of personnel. The article emphasizes that the digital transformation of business should be carried out progressively, taking into account the timely mastering of new digital competencies by employees.Conclusions. The digital transformation of business taking place today launches new, previously unobserved processes that cover all spheres of functioning of real commercial enterprises. Business can get a new quality both in the aspect of formation of management decisions on an objec- tive basis and in the framework of HRM. In this regard, it is safe to say that we are waiting for a systemic restructuring of the main business processes and, as a consequence, the introduction of new HRM tools, on the basis of which it will be possible to design digital HRM technologies.
Testing Magnetospheric Accretion as an Hα Emission Mechanism of Embedded Giant Planets: The Case Study for the Disk Exhibiting Meridional Flow Around HD 163296
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Uyama Taichi , Hashimoto Jun , Aoyama Yuhiko , Deo Vincent , Guyon Olivier , Lozi Julien , Norris Barnaby , Tamura Motohide , Vievard Sebastien 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Recent high-sensitivity observations reveal that accreting giant planets embedded in their parental circumstellar disks can emit Hα at their final formation stages. While the origin of this emission is not yet determined, magnetospheric accretion is currently the most plausible hypothesis. In order to test this hypothesis further, we develop a simplified but physics-based model and apply it to our observations taken toward HD 163296 with Subaru/SCExAO+VAMPIRES. We specify under which conditions embedded giant planets can undergo magnetospheric accretion and emit hydrogen lines. We find that when the stellar accretion rates are high, magnetospheric accretion becomes energetic enough to self-regulate the resulting emission. On the other hand, when massive planets are embedded in disks with low accretion rates, earlier formation histories determine whether magnetospheric accretion occurs. We explore two different origins for the hydrogen emission lines (magnetospheric accretion flow heated by accretion-related processes versus planetary surfaces via accretion shock). The corresponding relationships between the accretion and line luminosities dictate that the emission from accretion flow achieves higher line flux than that from accretion shock, and the flux decreases with increasing wavelengths (i.e., from Hα to Paβ and up to Brγ). Our observations do not detect any point-like source emitting Hα, and they are used to derive the 5σ detection limit. The observations are therefore not sensitive enough, and a reliable examination of our model becomes possible when the observational sensitivity is improved by a factor of 10 or more. Multi-band observations increase the possibility of efficiently detecting embedded giant planets and carefully determining the origin of the hydrogen emission lines.
Nine New Cataclysmic Variable Stars with Negative Superhumps
Authors: Sun Qi-Bin , Qian Sheng-Bang , Zhu Li-Ying , Liao Wen-Ping , Zhao Er-Gang , Li Fu-Xing , Shi Xiang-Dong , Li Min-Yu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Negative superhumps (NSHs) are signals a few percent shorter than the orbital period of a binary star and are considered to originate from the reverse precession of the tilted disk. Based on TESS photometry, we find nine new cataclysmic variable stars with NSHs. Three (ASAS J1420, TZ Per, and V392 Hya) of these stars similar to AH Her still have NSHs during dwarf nova outbursts, and the NSH amplitude varies with the outburst. The variation in the radius of the accretion disk partially explains this phenomenon. However, it does not explain the rebound of the NSH amplitude after the peak of the outburst and the fact that the NSH amplitude of the quiescence is sometimes not the largest, and it is necessary to include the disk instability model (DIM) and add other ingredients. Therefore, we suggest that the variation of NSH amplitude with outburst can be an important basis for studying the origin of NSHs and improving the DIM. The six (ASASSN-V J1137, ASASSN-V J0611, 2MASS J0715, LAMOST J0925, ASASSN-17qj, and ZTF 18acakuxo) remaining stars have been poorly studied, and for the first time we determine their orbital periods, NSHs, and superorbital signal (SOR) periods. The NSH periods and amplitudes of ASASSN-V J1137 and ASASSN-17qj vary with the SOR, and based on the comparison of the observations with the theory, we suggest that a single change in tilted disk angle does not explain the observations of the SOR and that other ingredients need to be considered as well.
The Physical Properties of Changing-look Blazars
Authors: Kang Shi-Ju , Lyu Bing , Wu Qingwen , Zheng Yong-Gang , Fan Junhui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Changing-look active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are a special class of AGNs that change their spectral type from type 1 to type 2 or vice versa. In recent years, a number of changing-look blazars (CLBs) were also reported, which transition between flat-spectrum radio quasars and BL Lacs. The physical properties of CLBs are still unclear. Using the mclust R package for Gaussian mixture modeling, we performed a clustering analysis for a sample of 105 CLBs selected from the literature. Three kinds of analysis found that CLBs lie in between the parameter distributions of FSRQs and BL Lacs: (i) univariate analysis; (ii) bivariate analysis; and (iii) multivariate analysis, carried out with a dimension reduction approach of the physical properties of the three types of blazars. Our results suggest that CLBs belong to a transition type between FSRQs and BL Lacs, which may be regulated by the change of accretion process and may be similar to other changing-look AGNs.
A Galactic Eclipse: The Small Magellanic Cloud Is Forming Stars in Two Superimposed Systems
Authors: Murray Claire E. , Hasselquist Sten , Peek Joshua E. G. , Lindberg Christina Willecke , Almeida Andres , Choi Yumi , Craig Jessica E. M. , Dénes Helga , Dickey John M. , Di Teodoro Enrico M. , Federrath Christoph , Gerrard Isabella. A. , Gibson Steven J. , Leahy Denis , Lee Min-Young , Lynn Callum , Ma Yik Ki , Marchal Antoine , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Nidever David , Nguyen Hiep , Pingel Nickolas M. , Tarantino Elizabeth , Uscanga Lucero , van Loon Jacco Th. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The structure and dynamics of the star-forming disk of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) have long confounded us. The SMC is widely used as a prototype for galactic physics at low metallicity, and yet we fundamentally lack an understanding of the structure of its interstellar medium (ISM). In this work, we present a new model for the SMC by comparing the kinematics of young, massive stars with the structure of the ISM traced by high-resolution observations of neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) from the Galactic Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder survey. Specifically, we identify thousands of young, massive stars with precise radial velocity constraints from the Gaia and APOGEE surveys and match these stars to the ISM structures in which they likely formed. By comparing the average dust extinction toward these stars, we find evidence that the SMC is composed of two structures with distinct stellar and gaseous chemical compositions. We construct a simple model that successfully reproduces the observations and shows that the ISM of the SMC is arranged into two superimposed, star-forming systems with similar gas mass separated by ∼5 kpc along the line of sight.
Jet Structure and Burst Environment of GRB 221009A
Authors: Ren Jia , Wang Yun , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive investigation of the brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A, using new insights from very high-energy (VHE) observations from LHAASO and a complete multiwavelength afterglow data set. Through data fitting, we imposed constraints on the jet structure, radiation mechanisms, and burst environment of GRB 221009A. Our findings reveal a structured jet morphology characterized by a core+wing configuration. A smooth transition of energy within the jet takes place between the core and wing, but with a discontinuity in the bulk Lorentz factor. The jet structure differs from both the case of the short GRB 170817A and the results of numerical simulations for long-duration bursts. The VHE emission can be explained by the forward shock synchrotron self-Compton radiation of the core component, but requiring a distinctive transition of the burst environment from uniform to wind-like, suggesting the presence of complex pre-burst mass ejection processes. The low-energy multiwavelength afterglow is mainly governed by the synchrotron radiation from the forward and reverse shocks of the wing component. Our analysis indicates a magnetization factor of 5 for the wing component. Additionally, by comparing the forward shock parameters of the core and wing components, we find a potential correlation between the electron acceleration efficiency and both the Lorentz factor of the shock and the magnetic field equipartition factor. We discuss the significance of our findings, potential interpretations, and remaining issues.
A Community Data Set for Comparing Automated Coronal Hole Detection Schemes
Authors: Reiss Martin A. , Muglach Karin , Mason Emily , Davies Emma E. , Chakraborty Shibaji , Delouille Veronique , Downs Cooper , Garton Tadhg M. , Grajeda Jeremy A. , Hamada Amr , Heinemann Stephan G. , Hofmeister Stefan , Illarionov Egor , Jarolim Robert , Krista Larisza , Lowder Chris , Verwichte Erwin , Arge Charles N. , Boucheron Laura E. , Foullon Claire , Kirk Michael S. , Kosovichev Alexander , Leisner Andrew , Möstl Christian , Turtle James , Veronig Astrid 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Automated detection schemes are nowadays the standard approach for locating coronal holes in extreme-UV images from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). However, factors such as the noisy nature of solar imagery, instrumental effects, and others make it challenging to identify coronal holes using these automated schemes. While discrepancies between detection schemes have been noted in the literature, a comprehensive assessment of these discrepancies is still lacking. The contribution of the Coronal Hole Boundary Working Team in the COSPAR ISWAT initiative to close this gap is threefold. First, we present the first community data set for comparing automated coronal hole detection schemes. This data set consists of 29 SDO images, all of which were selected by experienced observers to challenge automated schemes. Second, we use this community data set as input to 14 widely applied automated schemes to study coronal holes and collect their detection results. Third, we study three SDO images from the data set that exemplify the most important lessons learned from this effort. Our findings show that the choice of the automated detection scheme can have a significant effect on the physical properties of coronal holes, and we discuss the implications of these findings for open questions in solar and heliospheric physics. We envision that this community data set will serve the scientific community as a benchmark data set for future developments in the field.
Did a Kilonova Set Off in Our Galactic Backyard 3.5 Myr ago?
Authors: Chiesa Leonardo , Perego Albino , Guercilena Federico Maria 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The recent detection of the live isotopes 60Fe and 244Pu in deep ocean sediments dating back to the past 3–4 Myr poses a serious challenge to the identification of their production site(s). While 60Fe is usually attributed to standard core-collapse supernovae, actinides are r-process nucleosynthesis yields, which are believed to be synthesized in rare events, such as special classes of supernovae or binary mergers involving at least one neutron star. Previous works concluded that a single binary neutron star merger cannot explain the observed isotopic ratio. In this work, we consider a set of numerical simulations of binary neutron star mergers producing long-lived massive remnants expelling both dynamical and spiral-wave wind ejecta. The latter, due to a stronger neutrino irradiation, also produce iron-group elements. Assuming that large-scale mixing is inefficient before the fading of the kilonova remnant and that the spiral-wave wind is sustained over a 100–200 ms timescale, the ejecta emitted at mid-high latitudes provide a 244Pu over 60Fe ratio compatible with observations. The merger could have happened 80–150 pc away from the Earth and between 3.5 and 4.5 Myr ago. We also compute expected isotopic ratios for eight other live radioactive nuclides showing that the proposed binary neutron star merger scenario is distinguishable from other scenarios proposed in the literature.
Ukrainian Plant Trait Database: UkrTrait v. 1.0
Authors: Vynokurov Denys , Borovyk Dariia , Chusova Olha , Davydova Anastasia , Davydov Denys , Danihelka Jiří , Dembicz Iwona , Iemelianova Svitlana , Kolomiiets Ganna , Moysiyenko Ivan , Shapoval Viktor , Shynder Oleksandr , Skobel Nadiia , Buzhdygan Oksana , Kuzemko Anna 
Published: February 2024

Considering the growing demand for plant trait data and taking into account the lack of trait data from Eastern Europe, especially from its steppic region, we launched a new Ukrainian Plant Trait Database (UkrTrait v. 1.0) aiming at collecting all the available plant trait data from Ukraine.To facilitate further use of this database, we linked the trait terminology to the TRY Plant Trait Database, Thesaurus of Plant Characteristics (TOP) and Plant Trait Ontology (TO). For taxa names, we provide the crosswalks between the Ukrainian checklist and international sources, i.e. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (World Checklist of Vascular Plants (World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP), World Flora Online (WFO) and Euro+Med PlantBase. We aim to integrate our data into the relevant global (TRY Plant Trait Database) and pan-European (FloraVeg.EU) databases. The current version of the database is freely available at the Zenodo repository and will be updated in the future.Until now, plant traits for the Ukrainian flora were scattered across literature, often focusing on single species and written mainly in Ukrainian. Additionally, many traits were in grey literature or remained non-digitised, which rendered them inaccessible to the global scientific community. Addressing this gap, our Ukrainian Plant Trait Database (UkrTrait v. 1.0) represents a significant step forward. We compiled and digitised plant traits from local Ukrainian literature sources. Furthermore, we performed our own field and laboratory measurements of various plant traits that were not previously available in literature. In the current version of the UkrTrait, we focus on vascular plant species that are absent from the other European trait databases, with emphasis on species that are representative for the steppe vegetation. Traits assembled from literature include life span (annuals, biennials, perennials), plant height, flowering period (flowering months), life form (by Raunkiaer), plant growth form and others. Our own measured traits include seed mass, seed shape, leaf area, leaf nitrogen concentration and leaf phosphorus concentration. The current version, i.e. UkrTrait v. 1.0, comprises digitised literature data of 287,948 records of 75 traits for 6,198 taxa and our own trait measurements of 2,390 records of 12 traits for 388 taxa.
Histoire récente de la forêt littorale du sud du Cameroun
Authors: Biwolé Achille B. , Hardy Olivier J. , Doucet Jean-Louis 
Published: February 2024

Avant la période précoloniale en Afrique centrale, les populations humaines étaient dispersées dans les forêts, où elles pratiquaient l’agriculture itinérante sur brûlis. Dès le xixe siècle, elles se seraient progressivement sédentarisées dans des villages, laissant de vastes étendues de forêts à l’abandon. Aujourd’hui, au sud du Cameroun, la canopée de ces forêts est dominée par des grands arbres émergents, dont la présence est attribuée aux activités humaines passées. L’objectif de cette étude est de quantifier l’importance du rôle de ces activités humaines passées sur la composition floristique actuelle. Des fragments de poteries, de noix de palme calcinées et de charbon de bois ont été trouvés dans toute la zone d’étude, indiquant une occupation humaine et des feux généralisés. Cette occupation humaine s’étend entre 2200 et 1500 BP, et, plus récemment, il y a trois siècles. La fréquence élevée des feux et la présence du palmier à huile, toutes deux de dates récentes, indiqueraient des pratiques d’agriculture sur brûlis, qui coïncideraient avec l’âge des grands arbres émergents et les phases de climat sec enregistrées au début du xviie siècle. Ces résultats soutiennent ainsi l’idée que ces activités ont façonné la composition floristique actuelle de la forêt d’Afrique centrale.
Contribution des données paléométallurgiques à l’histoire des sociétés ouest-africaines durant les royaumes de Ghâna, Mâli, Gao et Mossi
Authors: Robion-Brunner Caroline 
Published: February 2024

En Afrique subsahélienne, la sidérurgie est la plus vieille, la plus répandue et la plus importante des métallurgies qui y ait été pratiquée. Sa trajectoire, qui s’inscrit donc dans le temps long – au moins trois millénaires –, décline avec l’importation du fer européen à partir du xve siècle et s’achève à partir du début du xxe siècle. À la période médiévale, celle de la mise en place de l’urbanisation, du commerce transsaharien, de l’arrivée de l’islam, et de la fondation et succession des royaumes, la production et l’usage du fer sont généralisés. Ce métal n’est plus rare, il a remplacé depuis plusieurs siècles la pierre pour les outils agricoles et artisanaux. Il s’échange sous forme brute ou déjà transformé en objet. Mais quelle est la véritable place de cette activité humaine dans le développement des sociétés ? Est-elle centrale ou périphérique ? Est-elle un enjeu économique, politique ou sociétal pour les pouvoirs en place ? Est-ce que la place de la production du fer est différente selon le type de régime politique ?Au-delà de l’analyse des questions strictement techniques liées à la production du fer, la paléométallurgie permet d’aborder d’une façon originale des questions plus générales. Les fluctuations dans la production et la consommation des métaux et des objets métalliques offrent l’opportunité de questionner les besoins d’une population et ainsi en creux d’approcher la démographie et les dynamiques de peuplement. La localisation des lieux de production des matières premières, des produits bruts ou manufacturés traduit le système de réseaux et de contrôle dans lequel s’effectuent les activités techniques et les échanges. Les circuits, la nature des produits et l’identité des acteurs de cette activité peuvent alors être restitués.Dans cet article sera présenté un projet de recherche ayant pour objectif de recueillir toutes les occurrences archéologiques sur la production et l’usage du fer afin de réinterroger, siècle après siècle, la relation entre la production du fer et les différentes hégémonies politiques qui ont traversé le temps et l’espace. À partir de cartes rétrospectives, nous suivrons l’impact de la sidérurgie sur la vie et les activités des populations médiévales. Cette réexploitation des données archéologiques permettra également de visualiser les vides géographiques, chronologiques et méthodologiques à combler afin d’atteindre pleinement la restitution de l’histoire du fer. Afin de tester la validité et la pertinence de la démarche, nous avons délimité une zone d’étude. Celle-ci couvre 1,5 million de km2 et comprend une partie du Mali, le Burkina Faso, le Ghana, le Togo et le Bénin. Dans cet espace et cet article, nous nous attacherons à comprendre plus spécifiquement les enjeux successifs des rapports entre l’industrie du fer et les royaumes ouest-africains du Ghâna, Mâli, Songhay, Gao et Mossi.
L’évolution et les mobilités spatiales de la ville de Musumb, capitale de l’empire lunda de 1852 à 1885
Authors: Mpalang’a-Maruv Liévain Mwangal 
Published: February 2024

Cette étude entend montrer l’importance et le rôle de la ville de Musumb dans l’histoire de l’État lunda en Afrique centrale. Ce rôle est examiné à travers l’analyse des règnes de différents empereurs qui se succèdent au trône pendant la période précoloniale et les dynamiques politiques et sociales qui ont poussé les déplacements de cette capitale dans l’État lunda. Un détour par une analyse étymologique du terme musumb permet également de saisir des pans non explorés de cette histoire. Les causes de ces mobilités pendant le milieu et l’avant dernière décennie du xixe siècle sont à la fois endogènes et exogènes. Les causes endogènes sont expliquées par le processus électoral qui est lié aux règles de succession et aux tractations successorales. Les facteurs sociologiques, politiques et économiques, expliquent les causes externes proches et lointaines. Leurs conséquences sont les assassinats très fréquents des empereurs lunda et les multiples déplacements spatiaux de la capitale Musumb.