bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presumed Silicone Oil Droplets After Intravitreal Pegcetacoplan Injections
Authors: Dessouki Amr , He Lingmin , Park Kaitlyn , Chen Howard , Chow Clement C. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceRecently, intravitreal pegcetacoplan became the first drug to gain US Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of geographic atrophy associated with nonexudative age-related macular degeneration, but the administration of this medication may be associated with unanticipated posttreatment complications.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of presumed silicone oil droplets in the vitreous cavity after intravitreal injection of pegcetacoplan.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case series study involved a retrospective record review of all 55 patients treated with intravitreal pegcetacoplan, 0.1 mL in 150-mg/mL solution, between March 24 and June 5, 2023, at a single specialty retina practice. All injections were done using needles from the kit supplied by Apellis Pharmaceuticals on a 1-mL McKesson Luer lock syringe.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe presence or absence of presumed silicone bubbles detected during dilated biomicroscopic fundus examination and/or on color fundus photographs, the presence or absence of symptoms, change in visual acuity, and/or increase in intraocular pressure.ResultsA total of 62 intravitreal pegcetacoplan injections were given to 55 patients (mean [SD] age, 83.8 [7.8] years; 33 women [60%]) from March 24 to June 5, 2023. Of the 55 patients, 16 (29%; mean [SD] age, 83.8 [7.4] years; 9 women [56%]) had presumed intravitreal silicone droplets discovered 2 to 4 weeks after treatment, 3 of which were documented on color fundus photographs. Of the 16 patients, 14 (88%) were symptomatic for new floaters that they described as persistent, while 2 (13%) were asymptomatic. There were no signs of inflammation or infection, no increases in intraocular pressure, and no changes in visual acuity for all 16 patients.Conclusions and RelevanceA substantial percentage of patients had symptomatic floaters from presumed intravitreal silicone oil droplets after injections of pegcetacoplan using a McKesson 1-mL Luer lock syringe. These findings support consideration of informing patients of this potential adverse effect, avoiding use of the McKesson syringe, and considering use of silicone-free syringes for pegcetacoplan injections.
Subjective and Objective Hearing Loss Among US Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Wang Qian , Jiang Changchuan , Wen Chi , Xie Hui , Li Yannan , Zhang Yaning , Mady Leila J. , Bruno Debora S. , Dutcher Giselle M. A. , Chiec Lauren S. , Dowlati Afshin , Hsu Melinda L. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceCancer survivors are at a higher risk of developing hearing loss (HL) due to older age, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, the prevalence of HL among US cancer survivors remains unknown. Additionally, there is a lack of uniform HL screening guidelines for this enlarging population.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of subjective HL and objective HL by audiometry test among cancer survivors and compare them with the general population as well as to assess the performance of subjective HL questions in detecting true (ie, audiometry-confirmed) HL.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn a cross-sectional design, adults between ages 20 and 80 years who had audiometry testing and responded to a hearing questionnaire from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2012, 2015-2016, and 2017 to March 2020 prepandemic survey cycles) were selected. Data analysis was conducted from August 13, 2022, to July 26, 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe weighted prevalence of subjective HL (troublesome hearing and tinnitus) and objective HL (speech-frequency HL and high-frequency HL) by audiometry were calculated. Analyses with χ2 testing and multiadjusted logistic regression models were used to compare HL between cancer survivors and the general population. To evaluate the performance of subjective HL questions as a tool to screen for objective HL by audiometry, areas under the curve were estimated using age- and gender-adjusted logistic regression.ResultsAmong the total 9337 participants (weighted n = 90 098 441; 51.2% women), 10.3% were cancer survivors. Compared with the general population, cancer survivors had a higher prevalence of troublesome hearing (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.43; 95% CI, 1.11-1.84), tinnitus (AOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.94-1.74), speech-frequency HL (AOR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.11-1.85), and high-frequency HL (AOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.29-2.34). When using the subjective HL tool and questioning regarding whether the participants were having troublesome hearing and/or tinnitus in screening for HL, the age- and gender-adjusted area under the curve was 0.88 in detecting speech-frequency HL and 0.90 in detecting high-frequency HL.Conclusion and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that cancer survivors have a significantly higher prevalence of HL than the general population. Two subjective HL questions could potentially accurately identify those who have true HL and provide a simple and efficient screening tool for health care professionals. Cancer survivors and their families should be educated and encouraged to discuss hearing concerns, and health care professionals should facilitate raising awareness and provide early screening and timely referral when HL is identified.
Risk Factors for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Expert Consensus
Authors: Atsumi Tatsuya , Bae Sang‐Cheol , Gu Hong , Huang Wen‐Nan , Li Mengtao , Nikpour Mandana , Okada Masato , Prior David , Atanasov Petar , Jiang Xiaobin , Wilson Liam , Bloomfield Paul , Wu David Bin‐chia , Makanji Yogeshwar 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review of studies focusing on adult patients classified as having SLE‐related PAH by searching the electronic databases Embase, Medline, Medline in‐progress, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Ichushi Web, Kmbase, and KoreaMed. Based on the findings, we conducted a Delphi survey to build expert consensus on issues related to screening for PAH in patients with SLE and on the importance and feasibility of measuring the identified factors in clinical practice.ResultsWe included 21 eligible studies for data synthesis. Sixteen factors were associated with an increased risk of SLE‐PAH: pericardial effusion, serositis, longer duration of SLE, arthritis, acute and subacute cutaneous lupus, scleroderma pattern on nailfold capillaroscopy, diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide in the lungs (DLCO) <70% predicted, interstitial lung disease, thrombocytopenia, and seven serological factors. Six factors were associated with a decreased risk of SLE‐PAH: malar/acute rash, hematologic disorder, renal disorder, higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index score, and two serological factors. Among these, there were six risk factors on which the panelists reached strong or general consensus (peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity on echocardiography >2.8 m/s, pericardial effusion, DLCO <70% predicted, scleroderma pattern on nailfold capillaroscopy, brain natriuretic peptide >50 ng/l, and N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide >300 ng/l). The Delphi panel confirmed the need for a screening tool to identify patients with SLE at high risk of developing PAH and provided consensus on the importance and/or practicality of measuring the identified factors.ConclusionThe risk factors we identified could be used in a screening algorithm to identify patients with SLE with a high risk of developing PAH to facilitate early diagnosis, which could improve prognosis and management of these patients.
Simultaneous Activation of Pyroptosis and cGAS‐STING Pathway with Epigenetic/ Photodynamic Nanotheranostic for Enhanced Tumor Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Ding Feixiang , Liu Junyan , Ai Kelong , Xu Chun , Mao Xiaoyuan , Liu Zhaoqian , Xiao Haihua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPromoting innate immunity through pyroptosis induction or the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase‐stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS‐STING) pathway activation has emerged as a potent approach to counteract the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and elicit systemic antitumor immunity. However, current pyroptosis inducers and STING agonists often suffer from limitations including instability, unpredictable side effects, or inadequate intracellular expression of gasdermin and STING. Here, a tumor‐specific nanotheranostic platform that combines photodynamic therapy (PDT) with epigenetic therapy to simultaneously activate pyroptosis and the cGAS‐STING pathway in a light‐controlled manner is constructed. This approach involves the development of oxidation‐sensitive nanoparticles (NP1) loaded with the photosensitizer TBE, along with decitabine nanomicelles (NP2). NP2 enables the restoration of STING and gasdermin E (GSDME) expression, while NP1‐mediated PDT facilitates the release of DNA fragments from damaged mitochondria to potentiate the cGAS‐STING pathway, and promotes the activation of caspase‐3 to cleave the upregulated GSDME into pore‐forming GSDME‐N terminal. Subsequently, the released inflammatory cytokines facilitate the maturation of antigen‐presentation cells, triggering T cell‐mediated antitumor immunity. Overall, this study presents an elaborate strategy for simultaneous photoactivation of pyroptosis and the cGAS‐STING pathway, enabling targeted photoimmunotherapy in immunotolerant tumors. This innovative approach holds significant promise in overcoming the limitations associated with existing therapeutic modalities and represents a valuable avenue for future clinical applications.
Utilization of Deposited Coke on Zeolites During the Catalytic Cracking of Nitrogen‐Containing Polymer for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Kokuryo Shinya , Shu Yasuhiro , Taniguchi Yurika , Takada Ryuji , Miyake Koji , Uchida Yoshiaki , Alemany‐Molina Gabriel , Morallón Emilia , Cazorla‐Amorós Diego , Nishiyama Norikazu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis work focuses on the development of a new method to utilize deposited coke on zeolite catalysts, formed during the plastic waste cracking. Nitrogen‐doped carbon catalysts are prepared using nylon‐66 and Zn2+ ion‐exchanged ZSM‐5 zeolites. After the cracking reaction, nitrogen‐doped carbon materials are obtained by removing zeolites from zeolite/coke composites using base and acid treatment. The synthesized N‐doped carbon using Zn2+ type ZSM‐5 zeolites exhibits higher catalytic performance on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with an onset potential of 0.95 V (vs RHE) and a half‐wave potential of 0.80 V (vs RHE) than that using H+ type ZSM‐5 zeolites. The characterization revealed that the evaporation of Zn2+ in zeolites significantly enhanced the porosity of N‐doped carbon. Moreover, the aromatization and poly‐cyclization reactions promoted the generation of highly active edge Valley‐N sites, leading to their outstanding activity on ORR. This work provides new directions for the utilization of deposited coke on zeolites.
Dollar store expansion and independent grocery retailer contraction
Authors: Lopez Rigoberto , Marchesi Keenan , Steinbach Sandro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of dollar store entry on independent grocery retailers in the United States between 2000 and 2019. We utilized an establishment‐level dataset comprising all grocery retailers and dollar stores in the country. Our findings indicate that dollar store entry is associated with a 5.7% decrease in sales, a 3.7% reduction in employment, and a 2.3% rise in the likelihood of independent grocery retailers quitting the business. These adverse entry effects are three times larger in rural than urban areas. Event studies indicate that the negative impact on sales and employment disappears gradually in urban areas but persists in rural communities. We document differences in treatment effects of dollar store entry across regions, retail formats, and time.
Tatton‐Brown–Rahman syndrome: Novel pathogenic variants and new neuroimaging findings
Authors: Jiménez de la Peña Mar , Rincón‐Pérez Irene , López‐Martín Sara , Albert Jacobo , Martín Fernández‐Mayoralas Daniel , Fernández‐Perrone Ana Laura , Jiménez de Domingo Ana , Tirado Pilar , Calleja‐Pérez Beatriz , Porta Javier , Álvarez Sara , Fernández‐Jaén Alberto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTatton‐Brown–Rahman syndrome (TBRS) or DNMT3A‐overgrowth syndrome is characterized by overgrowth and intellectual disability associated with minor dysmorphic features, obesity, and behavioral problems. It is caused by variants of the DNMT3A gene. We report four patients with this syndrome due to de novo DNMT3A pathogenic variants, contributing to a deeper understanding of the genetic basis and pathophysiology of this autosomal dominant syndrome. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging assessments were also performed. All patients showed corpus callosum anomalies, small posterior fossa, and a deep left Sylvian fissure; as well as asymmetry of the uncinate and arcuate fascicles and marked increased cortical thickness. These results suggest that structural neuroimaging anomalies have been previously overlooked, where corpus callosum and brain tract alterations might be unrecognized neuroimaging traits of TBRS syndrome caused by DNMT3A variants.
Entheseal changes and activity patterns in southern African hunter‐gatherer/herders from the Holocene
Authors: Dinkele Elizabeth , Gibbon Victoria Elaine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesActivity patterns and lifeways in southern African hunter‐gatherer/herders (sAHGH) during the Holocene were dynamic, with subsistence activities and mobility varying through space and time. In this study, spatial and temporal variations in entheseal changes (ECs) are assessed as physical activity markers in sAHGH from the Holocene.MethodsThe Coimbra method was used to assess fibrocartilaginous ECs in the upper and lower limbs of 118 sAHGH from the Holocene. Descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations were used to explore the association between ECs, sex, age, ecological biomes, and temporality.ResultsA total of 118 individuals were sampled, comprising 67 males, and 42 females, mostly from the fynbos (59/118), forest (30/118) and succulent karoo biomes (16/118). ECs were identified in 94% of the sample. Interobserver scoring suggests our findings are likely to underrepresent the extent of EC score differences in sAHGH. Findings indicate a complex pattern of physical activity in sAHGH with differences attributable to regional ecology rather than age or sex. More prominent ECs were identified in individuals from the forest biome, relative to the fynbos and succulent karoo biomes. These were consistent with resource search and processing costs, and terrain differences in these ecozones. ECs were only detected temporally relative to the infiltration of pastoralism (at 2000 BP) when the data were stratified by ecological biome.DiscussionThis study provides evidence that regional ecology plays a central role in driving activity patterns regardless of social or cultural organization. Ecological biomes provide a gradient along which the temporal impact of resource limitations on human biology, activity patterns and sociocultural behaviors can be studied.
A Protocol for Activated Bioorthogonal Fluorescence Labeling and Imaging of 4‐Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase in Plants
Authors: Zeng Xiaoyan , Ma Xiaoxie , Dong Jin , Li Biao , Hua Liu Sheng , Yin Jun , Yang Guang‐Fu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract4‐Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) plays a crucial role in the synthesis of nutrients needed to maintain optimal plant growth. Its level is closely linked to the extent of abiotic stress experienced by plants. Moreover, it is also the target of commercial herbicides. Therefore, labeling of HPPD in plants not only enables visualization of its tissue distribution and cellular uptake, it also facilitates assessment of abiotic stress of plants and provides information needed for the development of effective environmentally friendly herbicides. In this study, we created a method for fluorescence labeling of HPPD that avoids interference with the normal growth of plants. In this strategy, a perylene‐linked dibenzyl‐cyclooctyne undergoes strain‐promoted azide‐alkyne cycloaddition with an azide‐containing HPPD ligand. The activation‐based labeling process results in a significant emission enhancement caused by the change in the fluorescent forms from an excimer to a monomer. Notably, this activated bioorthogonal strategy is applicable to visualizing HPPD in Arabidopsis thaliana, and assessing its response to multiple abiotic stresses. Also, it can be employed to monitor in vivo levels and locations of HPPD in crops. Consequently, the labeling strategy will be a significant tool in investigations of HPPD‐related abiotic stress mechanisms, discovering novel herbicides, and uncovering unknown biological functions.
Photo‐Activating Biomimetic Polyoxomolybdate for Boosting Oxygen Evolution in Neutral Electrolytes
Authors: Li Da‐Huan , Zhang Xiao‐Yue , Lv Jiang‐Quan , Cai Ping‐Wei , Sun Yan‐Qiong , Sun Cai , Zheng Shou‐Tian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInspired by the metal‐oxo cluster structural feature and charge separation behaviour of the oxygen evolving center (OEC) in photosystem II (PS‐II) under photoirradiation, a new crystalline photochromic polyoxomolybdate, MV2[β‐Mo8O26] (1, MV=methyl viologen cation), is designed as a biomimetic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst in neutral electrolytes. After photoinduced electron transfer (PIET) with colour change from colourless to grey, it remains in an ultra‐stable charge‐separated state over a year under ambient conditions. The observed overpotential at 10 mA ⋅ cm−2 and Tafel slope decrease by 49 mV and 62.8 mV ⋅ dec−1 after coloration, respectively. The outstanding OER performance of the coloured state in neutral electrolytes even outperforms the commercial RuO2 benchmark. Experimental and theoretical studies show that oxygen holes within polyanions after irradiation serve as sites for enhancing direct O−O coupling, thus effectively promoting OER. This is the first successful application of electron‐transfer photochromism to realize OER activity gain.
Stability and Crystallinity of Sodium Poly(Heptazine Imide) in Photocatalysis
Authors: Deng Quanhua , Li Haiping , Hu Wenxuan , Hou Wanguo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPoly(heptazine imide) (PHI) salts, as crystalline carbon nitrides, exhibit high photocatalytic activity and are being extensively researched, but its photochemical instability has not drawn researchers’ attention yet. Herein, sodium PHI (PHI−Na) ultrathin nanosheets with increased crystallinity, synthesized by enhancing contact of melamine with NaCl functioning as a structure‐induction agent and hard template, exhibits improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity, but low photochemical stability, owing to Na+ loss in the photocatalytic process, which, interestingly, can be enhanced by the common ion effect, e.g., addition of NaCl that is also able to remarkably increase the photoactivity with the apparent quantum yield at 420 nm reaching 41.5 %. This work aims at attracting research peers’ attention to photochemical instability of PHI salts and provides a way to enhance their crystallinity.
Imaging of Single Molecular Behaviors Under Bifurcated Three‐Centered Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Wang Huiqiu , Chen Xiao , Xiong Hao , Cui Chaojie , Qian Weizhong , Wei Fei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mechanism for interaction and bonding of single guest molecules with active sites fundamentally determines the sorption and subsequent catalytic processes occurring in host zeolitic frameworks. However, no real‐space studies on these significant issues have been reported thus far, since atomically visualizing guest molecules and recognizing single Al T‐sites in zeolites remain challenging. Here, we atomically resolved single thiophene probes interacting with acid T‐sites in the ZSM‐5 framework to study the bonding behaviors between them. The synergy of bifurcated three‐centered hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions can “freeze” the near‐horizontal thiophene and make it stable enough to be imaged. By combining the imaging results with simulations, direct atomic observations enabled us to precisely locate the single Al T‐sites in individual straight channels. Then, we statistically found that the thiophene bonding probability of the T11 site is 15 times higher than that of the T6 site. For different acid T‐sites, the variation in the interaction synergy changes the inner angle of the host–guest O−H⋅⋅⋅S hydrogen bond, thereby affecting the stability of the near‐horizontal thiophene and leading to considerable bonding inhomogeneities.
Detection of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Interrupted Energy Transfer
Authors: Concellón Alberto , Swager Timothy M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ubiquitous presence of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous environments has aroused societal concern. Nonetheless, effective sensing technologies for continuous monitoring of PFAS within water distribution infrastructures currently do not exist. Herein, we describe a ratiometric sensing approach to selectively detect aqueous perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at concentrations of μg ⋅ L−1. Our method relies on the excitonic transport in a highly fluorinated poly(p‐phenylene ethynylene) to amplify a ratiometric emission signal modulated by an embedded fluorinated squaraine dye. The electronic coupling between the polymer and dye occurs through overlap of π‐orbitals and is designed such that energy transfer is dominated by an electron‐exchange (Dexter) mechanism. Exposure to aqueous solutions of PFAS perturbs the orbital interactions between the squaraine dye and the polymer backbone, thereby diminishing the efficiency of the energy transfer and producing a “polymer‐ON/dye‐OFF” response. These polymer/dye combinations were evaluated in spin‐coated films and polymer nanoparticles and were able to selectively detect PFAS at concentrations of ca. 150 ppb and ca. 50 ppb, respectively. Both polymer films and nanoparticles are not affected by the type of water, and similar responses to PFAS were found in milliQ and well water.
Efficient Catalytic Production of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Tin‐containing Zeolite Fixed Palladium Nanoparticles with Oxidation Resistance
Authors: Liu Yifeng , Liu Zhaoqing , Zhang Jian , Xiao Feng‐Shou , Cao Xiaoming , Wang Liang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe metal surfaces tend to be oxidized in air through dissociation of the O−O bond of oxygen to reduce the performances in various fields. Although several ligand modification routes have alleviated the oxidation of bulky metal surfaces, it is still a challenge for the oxidation resistance of small‐size metal nanoparticles. Herein, we fixed the small‐size Pd nanoparticles in tin‐contained MFI zeolite crystals, where the tin acts as an electron donor to efficiently hinder the oxidation of Pd by weakening the adsorption of molecular oxygen and suppressing the O−O cleavage. This oxidation‐resistant Pd catalyst exhibited superior performance in directly synthesizing hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen, with the productivity of hydrogen peroxide at ≈10,170 mmol gPd−1 h−1, steadily outperforming the catalysts tested previously. This work leads to the hypothesis that tin is an electron donor to realize oxidation‐resistant Pd within zeolite crystals for efficient catalysis to overcome the limitation of generally supported Pd catalysts and further motivates the use of oxidation‐resistant metal nanoparticles in various fields.