bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent renal damage following pre‐eclampsia: A renal biopsy study of 13 patients
Authors: Heaton Juliet M. , Turner David R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractRenal biopsy material was examined from 13 patients who had a history of pre‐eclampsia and who were biopsied after delivery. The characteristic ‘endotheliosis’ associated with pre‐eclampsia appeared to resolve at varying rates and was not seen in biopsies taken more than 1 month after delivery. Four of the biopsies showed residual focal segmental glomerular lesions which are described. Focal global glomerular sclerosis (eight biopsies). focal interstitial scarring (seven biopsies) and arteriolo‐sclerosis (nine biopsies) were also identified. These findings support those earlier reports which indicated that pre‐eclampsia is capable of producing persistent renal demage in a small but significant percentage of cases.
Monoclonal antibodies to blood group isoantigens: An alternative marker to factor VIII related antigen for benign and malignant vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Stephenson Timothy J. , Mills Patricia M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies to A, B and H blood group isoantigens (BGI) were used in an indirect immunoperoxidase technique to compare the distribution of BGI expression as a marker of vascular endothelial cells with that of coagulation factor VIII related antigen (F VIII‐RAg), a well established marker for vascular endothelium. Formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded material from 70 specimens representing a wide range of reactive and benign or malignant neoplastic states of the vascular endothelium was used to provide adjacent serial tissue sections to compare directly the tissue expression of BGI and of F VIII‐RAg. In reactive and benign neoplastic conditions of the vascular endothelium, cell membrane expression of the BGI appropriate to the patient's blood group was readily detected. In the more cellular and proliferative areas of some haemangiomas, pyogenic granulomas and cases of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, BGI proved a superior marker of the endothelial cells compared with F VIII‐RAg. The malignant endothelial cells of 27 specimens of angiosarcoma showed deletion of BGI expression in 24 and of F VIII‐RAg in 19. Expression of neither antigen showed any significant correlation with the degree of tumour differentiation. Some cases of lymphangioma, uniformly negative for F VIII‐RAg staining, showed strong expression of BGI. The possible use of BGI expression as a marker of vascular endothelium is discussed in the light of the known tissue expression of F VIII‐RAg.
Characterization of a neoplastic epithelial cell strain derived by dexamethasone treatment of cultured normal mouse type 2 pneumocytes
Authors: Smith Garry John , Lykke A. W. J. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe epithelial cell strain NAL1A cultured from normal adult mouse lung has been transformed by culturing in dexamethasone into an invasive neoplastic cell strain. The criteria for neoplastic transformation include the capacity for anchorage independent growth in soft agar as well as the formation of invasive neoplastic nodules after subcutaneous transplantation in thymectomized irradiated newborn mice. The cells of the invasive neoplastic nodules induced by dexamethasone culturing of NAL1A were indistinguishable hislopathologically and by electron microscopy from invasive nodules evoked by the subcutaneous inoculation of CMT64, a cell line cultured from a metastasizing mouse lung tumour and cell strain NUL1 derived from mouse pulmonary adenomata induced by urethane. Cells of the nodules derived from all three cultured strains possessed desmosomes, surface microvilli and phospholipid lamellar bodies characteristic of the type 2 pneumocyte. It is concluded that cultured cell strains NAL1A, cultured in dexamethasone, NUL1 and CMT64 evoke invasive subcutaneous neoplasms derived from a common ancestor, presumably a type 2 pneumocyte related stem cell.
A convenient method for in situ processing of cultured cells for cytochemical localization by electron microscopy
Authors: Ballou Rick J. , Simpson William G. , Tseng Michael T. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe effects of various exogenous agents on subcellular structures is of importance to many investigators and can be critically evaluated by the use of cytochemical techniques and transmission electron microscopy. Therefore various cell culture techniques have become increasingly important in biological research in order to help determine these effects. Presently, most existing methods for processing anchorage‐dependent cultures for electron microscopy utilize cells grown on either glass or plastic substrates. Therefore various coating substances have been applied to the culture surfaces to facilitate removal of the sample, however, incomplete separation and sample fracture often results. Here we present a simple method of in situ processing of samples for electron microscopy involving the use of detachable chamber slides. This method allows for the use of a quick processing procedure that results in a complete separation of the sample from the glass slide.
Further studies on the glomerular tip lesion: Early and late stages and life table analysis
Authors: Howie Alexander J. , Brewer Douglas B. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe glomerular tip lesion is a distinctive abnormality of the kidney associated with steroid‐responsive proteinuria. It was first recognized at the stage at which there is a group of intracapillary foam cells adherent to Bowman's capsule next to the tubular origin. Late stages were investigated by studying changes to the lesion with time in seven patients known to have the foam cell stage in their first renal biopsy, and by identifying 13 patients whose biopsies had similar changes. Early stages were investigated by the study of biopsies from three patients who at some time had evidence of the tip lesion. The lesion appears to begin with leak of protein through glomeruli that are normal on light microscopy, with damage to proximal tubular epithelium. Adhesion of the glomerular tuft to Bowman's capsule and the development of foam cells then follows. The lesion is permanent but evolves either into a thin tip adhesion or into a larger area of hyalinosis and sclerosis, at first segmental and then global. The lesion can be specifically identified at all stages except the earliest. Actuarial analysis of 37 patients with the tip lesion indicated a 10‐year survival of 55 per cent. The only factor identified that appeared to have an influence on survival was satisfactory control of proteinuria.
Immunocytochemical evidence for neuroendocrine differentiation in human breast carcinomas
Authors: Monaghan P. , Roberts J. D. B. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractNormal and neoplastic human breast tissues have been stained with antibodies recognizing neuroendrocrine differentiation. Fifteen out of 44 (34 per cent), breast carcinomas stained positively with monoclonal antibody LICR‐LON‐E36, and 11 out of 44 (25 per cent) of these tumours stained with an antibody raised against neuron‐specific enolase (NSE). Eight tumours stained positively with both antibodies. No correlation was observed between staining with these antibodies and the tumour histology, nor with the degree of cellular differentiation as indicated by staining with several cell surface directed monoclonal antibodies. Ultrastructural analysis of a series of breast tumours showed the presence of membrane‐bound dense‐core vesicles in almost all tumours, including E36 and NSE positive and negative tumours. The presence of these structures appears to be of little value in predicting neuroendocrine differentiation.
A new marker of terminal differentiation in keratinizing epithelia
Authors: Knight Jennifer C. , Davis Patricia A. , Gusterson Barry A. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractUsing the well‐differentiated human squamous carcinoma cell line LICR‐LON‐HN‐5 as an immunogen we have produced a monoclonal antibody (32a) that reacts with the keratohyalin granular layer of the normal epidermis. We present here results showing the distribution of the epitope recognized by this antibody in human tissues in vivo and in vitro, as demonstrated using immuno cytochemical staining techniques at the light and ultrastructural levels. Expression of the determinant first appears at 18 weeks of fetal development, localized in cells associated with the hair germ. In hyperplastic epidermis the staining pattern is altered, apparently linked with a switch from orthokeratotic to parakeratotic keratinization. In primary squamous cell carcinomas and in xenografts formed by the squamous carcinoma cell line LICR‐LON‐HN‐5 the keratinized elements are stained. Poorly differentiated tumours are not stained, indicating that antibody may be useful as a marker of terminal differentiation in vivo. When grown on collagen gels both human epidermal keratinocytes and the squamous carcinoma cell line show staining of the more differentiated cells which appears to be associated with the keratinohyalin granules, indicating that this antibody may be of value in studies aimed at the control of squamous differentiation.
Neurone specific enolase immunostaining in the diagnosis of breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation. Its usefulness and limitations
Authors: Nesland Jahn M. , Holm Ruth , Johannessen Jan Vincents , Gould Victor E. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThirty‐eight infiltrating ductal carcinomas, nine infiltrating lobular carcinomas, two tubular carcinomas and one papillary carcinoma were studied by light microscopy, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Seventeen cases showed immunoreactivity for NSE. Immunostaining for different peptide‐hormones was observed in 12 of these 17 cases and in none of the 10 NSE‐negative cases used for controls. Scattered cells were positive for gastrin in five cases, pancreatic polypeptide in five, leu‐enkephalin in three, sub‐P in two, ACTH in one, bombesin in one and β‐endorphin in one case. Four cases revealed immunoreactivity for more than one peptide‐hormone. Typical neuroendocrine granules were seen in five cases (all positively stained for NSE). Small, electron dense granules of possible neuroendocrine nature were not found in any of the 33 NSE‐negative tumours. Our results confirm that immunoreactivity for NSE is present in a high proportion of breast carcinomas, but that neuroendocrine differentiation cannot be proved to be present in all these cases.
New methodology for assessment of the Langerhans cell network
Authors: Halliday Gary M. , McArdle John P. , Knight Brett A. , Muller H. Konrad 
Published: June 2005

AbstractA new procedure is described for staining Langerhans cells (LCs) based on the ability of anti‐S‐100 antibody to stain both epidermal LCs and melanocytes, while L‐Dopa stains only melanocytes. This procedure can be used on paraffin‐embedded skin sections and is therefore advantageous for examination of pathological skin specimens. In order to determine how best to quantitate LCs in skin sections the distribution of LCs has been investigated using an improved method for preparation of epidermal sheets from mouse skin. Epidermal LCs stained for their surface membrane‐bound enzyme adenosine triphosphatase were observed to link with each other via their dendrites, forming a single cell layer which undulates throughout the epidermis. It is therefore proposed that LCs in skin sections should be enumerated per unit length, after identification in paraffin‐embedded sections double stained with anti‐S‐100 antibody and L‐Dopa.
Expression of low molecular weight cytokeratin proteins in cervical neoplasia
Authors: Bobrow Lynda G. , Makin Carol A. , Law Sharon , Bodmer Walter F. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractCAM 5.2 is a monoclonal antibody which identifies lower molecular weight cytokeratin proteins (50, 43 and 38 kD). It is an antibody which works reliably on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues. In this study, using CAM 5.2 in the indirect immunoperoxidase method we have examined ectocervical epithelium ranging from normal, through metaplasia and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive squamous carcinoma. CAM 5.2 is demonstrated to be a useful indicator of changes associated with malignant transformation in the ectocervix.
Immature sinus histiocytosis a monocytoid B‐lymphoid reaction
Authors: Piris M. A. , Rivas C. , Morente M. , Oliva H. , Rubio C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe proliferation of characteristic cells in expanded sinuses and in the perivenular area of the paracortex of lymph nodes with patients with toxoplasmosis, and homosexual and drug abusers with lymphadenopathy is referred to as ‘immature sinus histiocytosis’ (ISH). In a study of nine cases we have shown that these cells are monocytoid B‐cells with an immunological phenotype differing from that of other node‐based B‐cells. The function of these cells is not known.
The nature and significance of tumour‐associated mast cells
Authors: Roche William R. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe role of the mast cell in tumour growth was examined in the rat with the use of a transplanted sarcoma. Mast cells were found at the periphery of the tumours and in fibrovascular trabeculae within the tumour mass. Histochemical studies showed that these cells contained an immature proteoglycan molecule, in contrast to normal mast cells. The mast cells appeared to be of the connective tissue phenotype and their local occurrence correlated with an antero‐posterior difference in tumour growth. Mast cell enhancement of tumour proliferation was demonstrated by the addition of mast cells to the initial tumour inoculum and by pharmacological inhibition of mast cell degranulation.
Rapid immunoperoxidase staining of lymphocyte antigens using microwave irradiation
Authors: Leong Anthony S–Y. , Milios James 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThe innovative application of microwave irradiation in the immunoperoxidase staining of a wide range of labile lymphocyte antigens is described. Fifteen second irradiation at 320 watts produced excellent adherence of the frozen sections to the glass slides without loss of surface antigen staining. This brief procedure eliminated the need for much longer periods of freeze drying or drying at 4°C. Microwave irradiation was also used to accelerate the incubation of the primary antibody. Thirty seconds of irradiation at 320 watts produced specific antigen staining of an intensity which was as good as that obtained with much longer durations of incubations at room temperature. Cytomorphologic preservation was also good and background staining was minimal.
Differential histologic diagnosis of osteoid. A study on human osteosarcoma collagen by the histochemical picrosirius‐polarization method
Authors: Junqueira Luiz C. U. , Figueiredo Marco T. Assis , Torloni Humberto , Montes Gregorio S. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractUsing only one histologic preparation and under the light microscope, the simple method described here permits a distinction between osteoid and other tissue components that can be mistaken for osteoid. Osteoid from both normal osteogenesis and osteosarcomas is disclosed by the picrosirius‐polarization method as a three‐dimensional network of randomly arranged, thin, short, weakly birefringent collagenous structures which shine against a dark background. These morphologic features can be used as a precise diagnostic criterion for the differential diagnosis between osteoid and other materials which resemble osteoid by other staining techniques. This precise characterization of osteoid is of great importance since the presence of osteoid is used as a criterion for the differential diagnosis of osteosarcomas. Not only does this method permit the precise characterization of osteoid but it is also useful for studying collagen distribution in osteosarcomas. In this regard the foregoing results agree with the immunofluorescence observations recorded in the literature.
Modulation of fibroblast activity by normal and silica‐exposed alveolar macrophages
Authors: Gritter Hilda L. , Adamson Ian Y. R. , King Gillian M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSilica‐induced pulmonary fibrosis is thought to involve fibroblast stimulation by a product of alveolar macrophages (AM) but various cell culture systems have given conflicting results. Macrophage‐fibroblast interactions are now studied using an homologous system in which supernatants of rat AM after incubation with silica, art tested on fibro blasts isolated from the same animals to assess the effects on cell proliferation and collagen production. Fibroblast growth varied with initial seeding density and changes induced by AM supernatants varied depending on the proliferative rate. Normal AM supernatants inhibited [3H]‐thymidine incorporation into fibroblasts, especially in more rapidly dividing cells, Supernatants, of silica‐treated AMs also inhibited division of rapidly growing fibroblasts, whereas the same material stimulated growth of slowly dividing cells. Collagen synthesis increased with the length of time that fibroblasts were confluent and was inhibited by control AM supernatants. Silica‐treated AM supernatants increased collagen production by fibroblasts confluent for 3 days, whereas the same supernatants inhibited collagen synthesis by cells confluent for at least 8 days. The observation that a factor derived from silica‐exposed AM first stimulates then inhibits fibrogenesis, indicates a modulation of the normal macrophage‐fibroblast control system. This suggests that other factors may be required in vivo to shift this cellular balance towards the fibrotic process.
The gross pathology and histological features of tumours produced by inoculation of human cell lines into immune‐deprived mice
Authors: Busuttil A. , O'Conor G. T. , Foster M. E. , Gurtsevitch V. , Morten J. E. N. , Steel C. M. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractTumours were raised in both congenitally athymie (‘nude’) Swiss mice and in neonatally thymcctomized, Ara‐C‐ protectcd, whole‐body irradiated CBA mice by subcutaneous inoculation of cells from a variety of cultured human lines. In both types of animal, tumours tended to grow massively at the site of inoculation, with some infiltration of adjacent tissues hut only rarely with evidence of metastatic spread. Tumours derived from Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) lines or from EB virus‐transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) were nil classified as high grade malignant lymphomas with a limited range of appearances on conventional histological examination. In the material studied there were no consistent features distinguishing BL‐derived from LCL‐dcrivcd tumours. Cell lines originating from other haematopoietic malignancics tended to produced tumours interpreted us immunoblastic lymphomas though there were distinctive characteristics in some cases, such as highly convoluted or pleomorphic nuclei in the cells of some tumours derived Prom T‐cell leukaemia lines and plasmacytoid differentiation in tumours originating from myeloma lines. Malignant cell lines of epithelial origin gave rise to tumours wilh the histological appearances of anaplastic carcinomas readily distinguishable from the high grade lymphomas produced by haematopoietic cells.
Histogenests of acinic cell carcinoma of the major and minor salivary glands. An ultrastructural study
Authors: Chaudhary Anand P. , Cutler Leslie S. , Leifer Calvin , Satchidanand Sateesch , Labay Gerald , Yamane George 
Published: June 2005

AbstractThis studydescribes the light microscopic, histochemical and electron‐microscopic findings of 10 acinic cell carcinomas from the major and mior salivery glands. Ultrastructually, four cell types were identified: secretory acinar cells, intercalated duct‐like cells, pluripotential reserve/stem cells and myoepithelial cells.This cellular composition suggests that the tumours are derived from neoplastic proliferation, cytodifferentiation and functionall maturation of pluripotential reserve/stem cells which normally reside at the acinar‐intercalated duct junctions and /or in the intercalated ducts proper of adult salivery glands. This study further supports the concept that different salivery gland tumours recapitulate various developmental stages in the normal embryogenseis of the salivery glands.
Prevalence of neuroendocrine granules in small cell lung carcinoma. Usefulness of electron microscopy in lung cancer classification
Authors: Mooi Wolter J. , Dingemans Koert P. , Van Zandwijk Nico 
Published: June 2005

AbstractFifty‐four lung carcinomas submitted for routine electron microscopy under the light microscopical diagnosis of small cell carcinoma were investigated. In 42 or of 45 evaluable cases, neuroendocrine granules were considered definitely or probably present, the modification ‘probably’ being necessary in suboptimal material. In three cases, squamous cell differentiation was seen, but no neuroendocrine granules were found. On revision of these three cases, the light microscopical diagnosis was changed to squamous cell carcinoma in one instance, and neither of the other two cases was considered classical for small cell carcinoma. Patient follow‐up of these three cases showed tumour behaviour indicative of non‐small cell carcinoma in two evaluable cases, the third case yielding no significant data. These results indicate that neuroendocrine granules can generally be found in small cell lung carcinomas, provided the material is sufficient for evaluation. When these granules are absent, and other differentiation is found on electron microscopy, the final classification of the tumour should incorporate this finding, to warn the clinician that the tumour will not necessarily behave as a small cell carcinoma.
Endothelial cell markers in vascular neoplasms: An immunohistochemical study comparing factor VIII‐related antigen, blood group specific antigens, 6‐keto‐PGF1 alpha, and Ulex europaeus 1 lectin
Authors: Little Daniel , Said Jonathan W. , Siegel Robert J , Fealy Michael , Fishbein Michael C. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractMarkers for endothelial cells including Ulex europaeus 1 lectin, blood group A, B, and H, and the prostaglandin metabolite 6‐keto‐PGF! alpha were evaluated in paraffin sections from formalin‐fixed benign and malignant vascular neoplasms using a variety of immunohistochemical techniques, and results compared with staining for factor VIII‐related antigen. Staining for Ulex appeared more sensitive than factor VIII‐related antigen in identifying poorly differentiated neoplasms including haemangiosarcomas and spindle cell proliferations in Kaposi's sarcoma. Staining for blood group related antigens correlated with blood group in all cases. Ulex europaeus 1 lectin was the only marker for endothelial cells in lymphangiomas.
Expression of epithelial and neural antigens in small cell and non small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Moss Fiona , Bobrow Lynda G. , Sheppard Mary N. , Griffiths Meryl , Rowe Deborah , Beverley Peter C. L. , Addis Bruce , Souhami Robert L. 
Published: June 2005

AbstractSeventy‐one lung carcinomas from 66 different patients were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Twenty‐nine were small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), 15 adenocarcinomas, 17 squamous carcinomas and 10 large cell carcinomas. Three of the monoclonal antibodies recognize different cytokeratins, three recognize other epithelial antigens and one recognizes a neural antigen. Both formalin‐fixed and cryopreserved tumours were studied using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. 23/29 SCLC reacted with all but one of the antibodies which recognize epithelial antigens. This staining was similar to that seen in non small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and provides further evidence that SCLC are true epithelial tumours. All but one of the SCLC stained with the antibody recognizing a neural antigen. This antibody did not stain squamous or adenocarcinomas. However, four of the the large cell carcinomas stained well with this antibody, suggesting that SCLC and some large cell carcinomas share a common pathway of differentiation.There were variations of staining seen both within and between tumours. This has obvious implications if immunotargetting with monoclonal antibodies is to be used diagnostically or therapeutically.