bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monomethyl Histone H3 Lysine 4 as an Epigenetic Mark for Silenced Euchromatin in Chlamydomonas
Authors: van Dijk Karin , Marley Katherine E. , Jeong Byeong-ryool , Xu Jianping , Hesson Jennifer , Cerny Ronald L. , Waterborg Jakob H. , Cerutti Heriberto 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Histone Lys methylation plays an important role in determining chromatin states and is mostly catalyzed by SET domain–containing proteins. The outcome, transcriptional repression or activation, depends on the methylated histone residue, the degree of methylation, and the chromatin context. Dimethylation or trimethylation of histone H3 Lys 4 (H3K4me2 or H3K4me3) has been correlated with transcriptionally competent/active genes. However, H3K4 methylation has also been implicated in gene silencing. This dualistic nature of the H3K4 methyl mark has thus far remained unresolved. In the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Mut11p, related to a subunit of trithorax-like methyltransferase complexes, is required for transcriptional silencing. Here, we show that Mut11p interacts with conserved components of H3K4 methyltransferase machineries, and an affinity-purified Mut11p complex(es) methylates histones H3, H2A, and H4. Moreover, a Mut11 mutant showed global loss of monomethylated H3K4 (H3K4me1) and an increase in dimethylated H3K4. By chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, this strain also displayed substantial reduction in H3K4me1 and enrichment in H3K4me2 associated with transcriptionally derepressed genes, transgenes, and retrotransposons. RNA interference–mediated suppression of Set1, encoding an H3K4 methyltransferase, induced similar phenotypes, but of lower magnitude, and no detectable increase in H3K4me2. Together, our results suggest functional differentiation between dimethyl H3K4 and monomethyl H3K4, with the latter operating as an epigenetic mark for repressed euchromatin.
Atom transfer radical polymerization of sodium2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate
Authors: Masci Giancarlo , Giacomelli Laura , Crescenzi Vittorio 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe first example of well‐controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of a permanently charged anionic acrylamide monomer is reported. ATRP of sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate (NaAMPS) was achieved with ethyl 2‐chloropropionate (ECP) as an initiator and the CuCl/CuCl2/tris(2‐dimethylaminoethyl)amine (Me6TREN) catalytic system. The polymerizations were carried out in 50:50 (v/v) N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF)/water mixtures at 20 °C. Linear first‐order kinetic plots up to a 92% conversion for a target degree of polymerization of 50 were obtained with [ECP]/[CuCl]/[CuCl2]/[Me6TREN] = 1:1:1:2 and [AMPS] = 1 M. The molecular weight increased linearly with the conversion in good agreement with the theoretical values, and the polydispersities decreased with increasing conversion, reaching a lower limit of 1.11. The living character of the polymerization was confirmed by chain‐extension experiments. Block copolymers with N,N‐dimethylacrylamide and N‐isopropylacrylamide were also prepared. The use of a DMF/water mixed solvent should make possible the synthesis of new amphiphilic ionic block copolymers without the use of protecting group chemistry. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 4446–4454, 2005
Bleeding varices of the small bowel as a complication of pancreatitis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lein Brian C. , McCombs Peter R. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA case of a 48 year old male with a history of alcohol abuse, chronic relapsing pancreatitis, and massive hemorrhage into the small intestine is reported. The patient had previously undergone a cholecystojejunostomy. Imaging studies demonstrated occlusion of the splenic, superior mesenteric, and distal portal veins with large varices in the jejunum. He recovered following jejunal resection and Roux‐en‐Y cholecystojejunostomy. The mechanism for formation of varices in the small bowel in this clinical setting is discussed.
Injury to the popliteal vessels: The Lebanese war experience
Authors: Sfeir Roger E. , Khoury Ghattas S. , Haddad Fadi F. , Fakih Riyad R. , Khalifeh Mohammad J. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractOur experience with 118 patients who underwent surgery for a total of 178 popliteal vessels injuries is reported. Forty‐nine per cent had injury to both artery and vein and 44% had associated bony fractures. Fourteen patients subsequently needed amputation for a rate of 11.9%. There were no deaths. Delay in repair (>6 hours from injury), associated fractures, and a shocked condition resulted in increased limb loss. Arterial as well as venous repair, external skeletal fixation, and fasciotomy when necessary lead to improved limb salvage.
One liver for two: Partition of the portal elements
Authors: Rat P. , Paris P. , Favre J. P. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA cadaver liver is divisible into two transplants by section between right and left lobes, or section between left medial segment and left lateral segment medial to the umbilical cleft. To establish the ideal basis of partition of the portal elements, an anatomic study of 33 livers was performed. It is preferable to section the left portal vein, longer and more constant than the right, the right branch of the hepatic artery, larger and more constant than the left, and the left hepatic duct because of the vascularization of the common hepatic duct. To use the length of the left portal vein, it is necessary to section all its branches to segment I and then to resect this segment. After a section between the left medial segment and the left lateral segment medial to the umbilical cleft, the left medial segment always loses its total portal venous vascularization and should be resected. Before a split‐liver, cholangiography and arteriography should be performed to detect anatomical variations without performing an extensive dissection which may endanger the vascularity of the bile ducts.
Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with direct removal of tumor thrombi in the main portal vein
Authors: Yamaoka Yoshio , Kumada Kaoru , Ino Keiichi , Takayasu Takashi , Shimahara Yasuyuki , Mori Keiichiro , Tanaka Akira , Morimoto Taisuke , Taki Yoshiro , Washida Masanobu , Manaka Dai , Hayashi Michihiro , Fujita Takusi , Ozawa Kazue 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSince the tumor thrombus in the main portal vein appears in the terminal stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), any attempt to remove it surgically is thought to be impractical as the malignancy itself cannot be entirely removed. During the past 5 years, we have performed tumor thrombectomy combined with hepatectomy in 29 of 298 patients with HCC. This combined therapy was initially decided upon as an emergency measure to prevent impending rupture of esophageal varices, rather than to improve patient survival. Since portal flow was obtained after removal of thrombi, this condition enabled transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and/or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT). Although improved patient survival was not the primary goal of the emergency operation and there was an operative mortality of 11%, half of the other patients in the present series had unexpectedly high survival rates of 1 year (52.2%), 2 years (23.2%), and 3 years (11.6%), which were significantly higher than in patients not undergoing operation (n=22).
Roux‐en‐Y hepaticojejunostomy with subcutaneous access and the use of gianturco stents for the management of biliary tract strictures
Authors: Quintero Gustavo A. , Espinosa Hector , Pineres Germán , Ariza Alvaro , Zundel Natan , Botero Rafael , Cuervo Hermann , Ucros Gonzalo , Patiño José Félix 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe need to control recurrent biliary strictures implies the practice of repeated major surgical procedures. The hepaticojejunostomy with subcutaneous jejunal access (Chen's procedure) allows the permanent option of a non‐operative management of recurrent biliary tract anastomosis complications. Through the subcutaneous jejunal access, the application of a Gianturco metallic prosthesis is permitted and the correction of biliary‐intestinal anastomosis strictures with non‐operative methods is possible. This report is a review of a series of 20 patients treated with the Chen procedure, of whom 3 patients also had implantation of Gianturco stents via hepaticojejunostomy with subcutaneous access.
Living unrelated donor kidney transplantation between spouses
Authors: Haberal Mehmet , Gulay Huseyin , Tokyay Rifat , Oner Zafer , Enunlu Tayfun , Bilgin Nevzat 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFrom November 3, 1975 to November 3, 1990, 874 kidney transplants were performed at our centers. Of these, 675 (77.2%) were from living donors and 199 (22.8%) were from cadaver donors. Five hundred eighty (66.4%) of the living donors were first degree related while 99 (11.3%) were unrelated or second degree related donors, 29 of which were spouses. All donor recipient pairs were ABO‐compatible, with the exception of one pair. Donor recipient relations were wife to husband in 25 cases and husband to wife in 4 cases. All were first grafts and started functioning during surgery. In this series, the follow‐up for the recipients was 4 to 64 months (mean 33.5 ± 4.5 months). One‐year patient survival and graft survival rates were 92.4% and 81.9%, respectively. Two‐year patient survival and graft survival rates were 92.4% and 78.2%, respectively. The single ABO‐incompatible case is also doing well, 21 months postoperatively. This study demonstrates that the interspouse kidney transplantation may be used when cadaver organ shortage is a problem. While providing the couple with a better quality of life, interspouse kidney transplantation also enables the couple to share the joy of giving and receiving the “gift of life” from one another.
Present status of sclerotherapy and surgical treatment for esophageal varices in Japan
Authors: Idezuki Yasuo ,   the Japanese Research Society for Portal Hypertension and Japanese Research Society for Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices
Published: August 2005

AbstractA nationwide survey on the treatment for esophageal varices was performed in 1990 jointly by the Japanese Research Society for Portal Hypertension and the Japanese Research Society for Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices to clarify the present status and strategy of this treatment in Japan. A total of 12,675 cases, including 4,159 cases of nonshunting procedures and 7,612 cases of sclerotherapy, were collected from 101 institutions. The number of patients had greatly increased in the first half of the 1980s. With regard to the therapeutic strategy, surgical procedures were not recommended in either emergency or prophylactic cases in terms of the timing of the operation, or in Child C cases in terms of the degree of hepatic insufficiency. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy became the leading method of treatment and in 1988 only 16% of 1,528 cases were treated by surgical procedures. The strategy for the same group of patients differed between medical and surgical institutions. With regard to sclerotherapy, repeated intravariceal injection and combined intra‐ and paravariceal injection were the two main techniques and 10‐year cumulative survival rates were 62.8% in Child A cases, 47.7% in Child B cases, and 13.2% in Child C cases. With regard to surgical procedures, 10‐year survival rates were 50.6% in esophageal transection, 42.5% in gastric transection, 53.1% in cardiectomy, and 43.0% in selective shunt procedures. We are quite convinced that this report will prove useful in determining the future strategy for treating esophageal varices.
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents
Authors: Harness Jay K. , Thompson Norman W. , McLeod Michael K. , Pasieka Janice L. , Fukuuchi Atsushi 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFrom 1936 to 1990, 89 children and adolescents (72 girls and 17 boys) were treated for differentiated thyroid carcinoma at the University of Michigan Medical Center; 58 of these patients were first reported in 1971. Thirty (34%) patients had previously received external irradiation to the head and neck, although only 1 (3%) patient of the last 33 patients seen had this history. Patients first presenting from 1971 to 1990 had less advanced disease than those seen earlier. Also, during this time period, the rate of initial palpable cervical adenopathy fell from 63% to 36%, local infiltration of primary cancer from 31% to 6%, and initial pulmonary metastases from 19% to 6%. The incidence of cervical nodal metastases has remained 88% for 54 years. Papillary or the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma was found in 93% of all patients. Seventy‐nine (89%) patients had total or completion total thyroidectomy. Surgical management of lymphatic metastases varied from regional excision of nodes to radical neck dissection. The overall rate of permanent accidental recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism was 4.5%, although neither has occurred in a child or adolescent undergoing surgery at the center in the past 25 years. The most recent 33 patients had a low rate of local/regional persistence or recurrence. Cervical nodal persistence occurred in 21%; there were no thyroid recurrences. Eighty‐two percent of patients received131I. The long‐term mortality rate was 2.2%. We continue to advocate total thyroidectomy, cervical lymph node dissection, and postoperative131I therapy as the most conservative treatment regimen for children with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Follicular tumors of the thyroid gland: Diagnosis, clinical aspects and nuclear DNA analysis
Authors: Zedenius Jan , Auer Gert , Bäckdahl Martin , Falkmer Ursula , Grimelius Lars , Lundell Göran , Wallin Göran 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFrom 1985 to 1990, 169 patients underwent surgery for follicular thyroid tumors at the Department of Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Nine of the patients had tumors which were diagnosed as follicular carcinoma, 4 of whom had recurrences in the neck region. In 6 of the patients the carcinomas were diagnosed as widely invasive and in 3 patients as minimally invasive. Of the 160 patients with follicular adenomas, 21 adenomas were of oxyphil type (“Hürthle” adenomas), 17 adenomas were diagnosed as “atypical”, and 6 adenomas were classified as being both “atypical” and having oxyphil cell differentiation. The nuclear DNA content was measured with image cytometry and/or flow cytometry. Six of the 9 carcinomas were euploid and 3 were aneuploid. In the adenoma group, 32 (20%) were aneuploid. Thus 38% of all adenomas showed atypical cellular features, oxyphil cell differentiation, and/or aneuploid nuclear DNA pattern. None of the patients with adenomas have shown any sign of recurrence. In the present prospective study, the nuclear DNA content could not discriminate between a benign and a malignant follicular tumor, and was of limited value in predicting prognosis in the patients with follicular carcinoma. Still, the best way to establish a diagnosis and to predict prognosis is to surgically remove the follicular tumor for a proper histopathological examination.
Recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism and DNA analysis of autografted parathyroid tissue
Authors: Tominaga Yoshihiro , Tanaka Yuji , Sato Keisuke , Numano Masahiro , Uchida Kazuharu , Falkmer Ursula , Grimelius Lars , Johansson Henry , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: August 2005

AbstractIn spite of recent therapeutic advances, severe overt secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic renal failure necessitates parathyroidectomy and recurrent hyperparathyroidism is one of the most significant problems in this patient population. In the present study, the incidence of recurrent hyperparathyroidism was evaluated in relation to the histopathological features. Image cytometric DNA analysis was performed to estimate the proliferative potential of parathyroid tissue. The study comprised 248 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy from 1973 to 1991. The frequency of recurrent hyperparathyroidism after subtotal parathyroidectomy was 4 (21.1%) of 19 patients, the rate of graft‐dependent recurrence after removal of residual parathyroid tissue with forearm autograft was 2 (50%) of 4 patients. The frequency of graft‐dependent recurrence after total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft was 16 (7.5%) of 212 patients. The frequency of recurrence was significantly higher (p<0.01) when nodular hyperplastic parathyroid tissue was autografted (17 of 68 patients, 25%) than when diffuse‐hyperplastic tissue was grafted (1 of 105 patients, <1%). All 58 specimens subjected to image cytometric DNA analysis showed a diploid nuclear pattern cytometrically. However, the relative number of scattered cells that displayed cytometric nuclear DNA values outside the main diploid histogram peak was significantly greater (p<0.01) in nodular hyperplastic tissue before being autografted and in parathyroid tissue removed at re‐operation performed for recurrence than in diffuse hyperplastic tissue. These clinical findings and results of DNA analysis clearly indicated that nodular hyperplastic parathyroid tissue has a higher growth potential, and it is concluded that to prevent graft‐dependent recurrence, the nodular type of hyperplastic tissue should not be autografted.
Non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid: Is more than biopsy necessary?
Authors: Pyke Christopher M. , Grant Clive S. , Habermann Thomas M. , Kurtin Paul J. , van Heerden Jon A. , Bergstralh Erik J. , Kunselman Allen , Hay Ian D. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWhereas excisional surgery and radiotherapy have resulted in a favorable outcome when non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid (NHLT) is confined to the thyroid gland, controversy persists over the potential advantage of aggressive debulking in favor of diagnostic biopsy alone when disease cannot be completely resected. Our aims in this study were to delineate the present role of surgery in NHLT in pre‐operative staging, the impact of the extent of resection on achieving complete remission and cause‐specific survival, and patterns of failure. All 62 patients who underwent primary surgery for NHLT at the Mayo Clinic between 1965 and 1989 were analyzed. By postoperative staging, 50 patients were stage IE or IIE. Overall survival was 53% and 46% at 5 and 10 years; 80% for stage IE confined to the thyroid, 58% for stage IE‐extrathyroid, 50% for stage IIE, and 36% for stages IIIE and IVE. Complete remission was achieved in 88% of patients who underwent diagnostic biopsy plus adjuvant therapy alone compared to 85% for patients in whom debulking plus adjuvant therapy was used. There was no difference in cause‐specific survival in these two groups or in cause‐specific survival in two subgroups who achieved complete remission. Relapse after complete remission occurred in 12 (26%) of 46 patients, only 2 of whom survived long‐term after salvage therapy. The role of surgery in NHLT is diminishing and advances that will increase complete remission and relapse‐free survival will not likely involve more aggressive surgical resections.
Clinical characteristics, treatment and survival in patients with pancreatic tumors causing hormonal syndromes
Authors: Grama D. , Eriksson B. , Mårtensson H. , Cedermark B. , Ahrén B. , Kristoffersson A. , Rastad J. , Öberg K. , Åkerström G. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractEighty‐five patients with endocrine pancreatic tumors associated with clinical syndromes of hormone excess were retrospectively analyzed regarding symptomatology, means of diagnosis, and results of surgical and medical treatment during follow‐up of 3–18 years (median 8 years). The combination of angiography and computed tomography was most successful in pre‐operative localization of both primary tumors and metastases. Surgery provided long term cure in 39 of 44 patients with benign islet cell lesions, the majority having insulinomas. Forty‐one patients had malignant tumors, which at the time of diagnosis or operation were associated with liver and/or regional lymph gland metastases in 56% and 24%, respectively. Sixteen patients with metastatic disease and/or very large tumors were considered inoperable, 5 patients underwent palliative resection of their malignant tumors, while grossly radical tumor removal was accomplished in 20 patients. Long‐term cure was achieved in 5 patients by excision of primary tumors and localized liver or lymph gland metastases. Half of the patients, particularly those with insulinoma, gastrinoma, or vipoma, showed response to streptozotocin, in combination with other cytostatics, for a median of 24 months or a response to interferon for a median of 10 months. The overall 5‐year and 10‐year survival among the patients with malignant islet cells tumors was 54% and 28%, respectively. Absence of liver metastases at time of operation/diagnosis, smaller size of the primary tumor, grossly radical tumor resection as well as response to medical therapy predicted the more favorable survival.
Adrenal cortical carcinoma in Norway, 1970–1984
Authors: Søreide Jon Arne , Brabrand Knut , Thoresen Steinar Ø. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractAdrenal cortical carcinoma is a rare and highly malignant tumor. This retrospective study includes 99 patients (57 males and 42 females) reported to The Cancer Registry of Norway during the 15 year period from 1970 to 1984. The age adjusted incidence was 1.5 per million per year. Eighty‐one patients were diagnosed with adrenal cortical carcinoma when still alive. In 18 cases the diagnosis was first made at autopsy. Median age at diagnosis was 54 years (range 2–88 years) with a slight male predominance. Information about initial symptoms was available in 67 patients, of whom 26 patients (18 females and 8 males) presented with clinically functioning tumors, the Cushing syndrome and virilization being most frequently encountered. Only 28 (35%) of 81 patients diagnosed when still alive had tumors confined to the adrenals. Half of the patients had distant metastases, with lungs and liver being the most frequent sites. Sixty‐one patients underwent surgery; 51 patients had a radical or debulking operation and 10 patients had laparotomy with tumor biopsy. After a complete follow‐up for at least 6 years (range 6–21 years), only 9 patients were still alive. Early stage (Stage I and II) and curative resection had a significant impact on the outcome of this disease. To improve prognosis, early diagnosis and radical surgery, if feasible, are needed.
Solid cell nests of the thyroid gland: Precursor of mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
Authors: Ozaki Osamu , Ito Kunihiko , Sugino Kiminori , Yasuda Kentaro , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Toshima Koji 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSolid cell nests (SCN) are found within the thyroid parenchyma on routine clinical pathological examinations, but their histogenesis and clinical significance are still obscure. From November 1987 to May 1991, a total of 3,260 patients underwent thyroid surgery at Ito Hospital and SCN were noted in 42 (1.3%) patients. Serial sections of the specimens from these patients were studied morphologically and immunohistochemically. The location and growth pattern of SCN within the thyroid parenchyma were distinct from those of hyperplastic C‐cells. SCN were located in the isthmus lobe in 1 patient and even in the pyramidal lobe in 3 patients. In another patient neoplastic proliferation of SCN was observed. Immunohistochemically, SCN were negative for neuron‐specific enolase, chromogranin A, and S‐100 protein. These findings strongly suggest that SCN are of endodermal origin and that they may be closely related to mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid gland.