bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DO MEDICAL COMORBIDITIES PLAY A BIGGER ROLE IN MORTALITY IN NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURE PATIENTS THAN COVID? A MULTICENTRE STUDY
Authors: Mehta Sonu , Williams Llinos , Mahajan Uday , Bhaskar Deepu , Rathore Sameer , Barlow Victoria , Leggetter Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSeveral studies have shown that patients over 65 years have a higher mortality with covid. Combine with inherently increased morbidity and mortality in neck of femur (NoFF) fractures, it is logical to think that this subset would be most at risk.AimsInvestigate whether there is actual increase in direct mortality from Covid infection in NoFF patients, also investigate other contributing factors to mortality with covid positivity and compare the findings with current available literature.Methods1-year cross sectional, retrospective study from 1st March 2020 at two DGHs, one in Wales and one in England. Surgically treated NoFF patients with isolated intra/extracapsular fracture included. Mortality analysis done by creating a matched comparison group for each risk factor and combinations known to confer highest mortality. Chi square test for independence used to compare COVID status with 1 year mortality.Results610 patients, 62 patients had COVID-19RTPCR+ive test during hospital stay/in the community. 21(34%) deaths in COVID positive and 95 (17.33%) deaths in COVID negative patients. There was no mortality in ASA 1 or 2 patients. Analysis of asa matching with 10-year age ranges from 65years revealed a nearly double mortality rate in covid+ group as opposed to covid negative for both ASA 3 and 4 groups. Parameters such as preinjury mobility, residential status, AMTS score, time to surgery, did not seem to play a significant role in mortality.ConclusionFirst of its kind study with a large subset of patients and unique parameters to identify causes leading to mortality in the vulnerable population of NoFF. Higher morality in Covid positive NoFF patients, but increase may not be as significant as identified by most current studies in the literature and still within the confines of NHFD stats(2019).Declaration of Interest(b) declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported:I declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research project.
Bracing Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (BASIS) study – night-time versus full-time bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: study protocol for a multicentre, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Swaby Lizzie , Perry Daniel C. , Walker Kerry , Hind Daniel , Mills Andrew , Jayasuriya Raveen , Totton Nikki , Desoysa Lauren , Chatters Robin , Young Bridget , Sherratt Frances , Latimer Nick , Keetharuth Anju , Kenison Laura , Walters Stephen , Gardner Adrian , Ahuja Sashin , Campbell Laura , Greenwood Sarah , Cole Ashley 
Published: November 2023

AimsScoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine with associated rotation, often causing distress due to appearance. For some curves, there is good evidence to support the use of a spinal brace, worn for 20 to 24 hours a day to minimize the curve, making it as straight as possible during growth, preventing progression. Compliance can be poor due to appearance and comfort. A night-time brace, worn for eight to 12 hours, can achieve higher levels of curve correction while patients are supine, and could be preferable for patients, but evidence of efficacy is limited. This is the protocol for a randomized controlled trial of ‘full-time bracing’ versus ‘night-time bracing’ in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).MethodsUK paediatric spine clinics will recruit 780 participants aged ten to 15 years-old with AIS, Risser stage 0, 1, or 2, and curve size (Cobb angle) 20° to 40° with apex at or below T7. Patients are randomly allocated 1:1, to either full-time or night-time bracing. A qualitative sub-study will explore communication and experiences of families in terms of bracing and research. Patient and Public Involvement & Engagement informed study design and will assist with aspects of trial delivery and dissemination.DiscussionThe primary outcome is ‘treatment failure’ (Cobb angle progression to 50° or more before skeletal maturity); skeletal maturity is at Risser stage 4 in females and 5 in males, or ‘treatment success’ (Cobb angle less than 50° at skeletal maturity). The comparison is on a non-inferiority basis (non-inferiority margin 11%). Participants are followed up every six months while in brace, and at one and two years after skeletal maturity. Secondary outcomes include the Scoliosis Research Society 22 questionnaire and measures of quality of life, psychological effects of bracing, adherence, anxiety and depression, sleep, satisfaction, and educational attainment. All data will be collected through the British Spine Registry.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(11):873–880.
All-multimode fiber spatiotemporal mode-locked figure-eight laser based on multimode gain fiber
Authors: Xu Guoyu , Peng Jiying , Zhang Huaiwei , Zhang Yunhong , Cui Mengdi , Su Yiyang , Zheng Yi 
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we report for the first time on an all-multimode fiber spatiotemporal mode-locked figure-eight laser operating at 1.0 µm. This laser utilizes a multimode gain fiber and a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror mechanism. It can generate mode-locked noise-like pulses at different central wavelengths. Additionally, we observed the presence of a multi-soliton state within the cavity by reducing intracavity gain. This study contributes to a broader investigation of various pulse phenomena in spatiotemporal mode-locked lasers and provides valuable insights into further exploring the evolution of spatiotemporal dynamics in such systems.
Predictors and outcomes of cardiac dyssynchrony among patients with heart failure attending Benjamin Mkapa Hospital in Dodoma, central Tanzania: A protocol of prospective-longitudinal study
Authors: Bilikundi Patrick , Alphonce Baraka , Nyundo Azan , Meda John Robson 
Published: November 2023

Introduction
Cardiac Dyssynchrony is prevalent among patients with heart failure with high cost of care and potentially poor outcomes. Nevertheless, little is known about cardiac dyssynchrony among heart failure patients, especially in developing countries. This study aims at assessing the predictors and outcomes of cardiac dyssynchrony among heart failure patients attending the cardiology department at Benjamin Mkapa Referral Hospital in Dodoma, central Tanzania

Methods
The study will follow a prospective longitudinal design involving participants aged 18 years and above with heart failure attending the Cardiology Department at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital. Heart failure will be identified based on Framingham’s score and patients will be enrolled and followed up for six months. Baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics will be taken during enrollment. Outcomes of interest at six months include worsening of heart failure, readmission and death. Continuous data will be summarized as Mean (SD) or Median (IQR), and categorical data will be summarized using proportions and frequencies. Binary logistic regression will be used to determine predictors and outcomes of Cardiac Dyssynchrony among patients with heart failure.
Lower odds of COVID-19-related mortality in hospitalised patients with type II diabetes mellitus: A single-centre study
Authors: Mina Jonathan , Samaha Nadia L. , Fleifel Mohamad , Nasr Janane , Haykal Tony , Dimassi Hani , Harb Ranime , Hout Ghida El , Franjieh Elissar , Mahdi Ahmad , Mokhbat Jacques , Farra Anna , Husni Rola 
Published: November 2023

Background
COVID-19 infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) -a chronic illness in Lebanon–is not well described.

Methods
This was a single-centre retrospective observational study of 491 patients, including 152 patients with T2DM, who were hospitalised for COVID-19 between 20 August 2020 and 21 April 2021. Data on clinical characteristics, laboratory and radiological findings and outcomes were collected from the electronic medical records. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital mortality between patients with and without T2DM infected with COVID-19 using multivariate analysis were compared.

Results
Patients with T2DM were significantly older than those without T2DM (mean age, 68.7 vs. 60.3 years). Patients with T2DM were more likely to present with a body temperature of <38.3°C (83.9% vs. 69.9%) and less likely to present with chest pain (3.9% vs. 9.1%) and sore throat (2.0% vs. 6.8%). Patients with T2DM were more likely to be hypertensive (76.35% vs. 41%) and dyslipidaemic (58.6% vs. 25.7%) and had more frequent underlying coronary artery disease (33.6% vs. 12.4%). The rates of patients with creatinine levels of ≥1.17 mg/L and troponin T levels of ≥4 ng/dL were higher in the T2DM group than in the non-T2DM group (30.4% vs. 15% and 93.3% vs. 83.1%, respectively). Patients with T2DM were more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (34.2% vs. 22.1%), require invasive ventilation (18.4% vs. 10.3%) and receive vasopressors (16.4% vs. 10.0%). Increasing age and the use of invasive ventilation and vasopressors were associated with higher odds of mortality (odds ratio (OR), 1.08, 9.95 and 19.83, respectively), whereas longer ICU stay was associated with lower odds of mortality (OR, 0.38). The odds of mortality were lower in the T2DM group than in the non-T2DM group (OR, 0.27).

Conclusion
Among patients hospitalised for COVID-19, those with T2DM were older, presented with milder symptoms and had more comorbidities and higher troponin T levels compared with those without T2DM. Despite the worse clinical course, the patients with T2DM had lower odds of mortality than those without T2DM.
Real-time Traffic Monitoring System Based on Deep Learning and YOLOv8
Authors: Neamah Saif B. , Karim Abdulamir A. 
Published: November 2023

Computer vision applications are important nowadays because they provide solutions to critical problems that relate to traffic in a cost-effective manner to reduce accidents and preserve lives. This paper proposes a system for real-time traffic monitoring based on cutting-edge deep learning techniques through the state-of-the-art you-only-look-once v8 algorithm, benefiting from its functionalities to provide vehicle detection, classification, and segmentation. The proposed work provides various important traffic information, including vehicle counting, classification, speed estimation, and size estimation. This information helps enforce traffic laws. The proposed system consists of five stages: The preprocessing stage, which includes camera calibration, ROI calculation, and preparing the source video input; the vehicle detection stage, which uses the convolutional neural network model to localize vehicles in the video frames; the tracking stage, which uses the ByteTrack algorithm to track the detected vehicles; the speed estimation stage, which estimates the speed for the tracked vehicles; and the size estimation stage, which estimates the vehicle size. The results of the proposed system running on the Nvidia GTX 1070 GPU show that the detection and tracking stages have an average accuracy of 96.58% with an average error of 3.42%, the vehicle counting stage has an average accuracy of 97.54% with a 2.46% average error, the speed estimation stage has an average accuracy of 96.75% with a 3.25% average error, and the size estimation stage has an average accuracy of 87.28% with a 12.72% average error.
Interaktionsarbeit in asymmetrischen Kommunikationssituationen
Authors: Hielscher Volker 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Für Interaktionsarbeit „an und mit Menschen“ werden die betrieblichen und technologischen Rahmenbedingungen und ihre Anforderungen an die Beschäftigten zunehmend thematisiert. Der Beitrag fokussiert einen bisher wenig beachteten Aspekt: Er beleuchtet am Beispiel der Versorgung von neurologisch schwer erkrankten Patient*innen die Anforderungen, die sich daraus ergeben, dass die Adressaten von personenbezogenen Dienstleistungen aufgrund gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigungen nur eingeschränkt in der Lage sind, an der Interaktionsgestaltung mitzuwirken. In asymmetrischen Kommunikationssituationen kommt professionell Helfenden die Rolle zu, eine Interaktionsfähigkeit der Klient*innen erst einmal herzustellen. Dies ist neben den technischen und organisatorischen Bedingungen der Interaktionsarbeit als eine eigenständige Anforderung zu begreifen, die entsprechende Kompetenzen und Ressourcen erfordert.
Auswirkungen von Covid-19 auf arbeitsvermittelnde Plattformen und Ressourcen der Pandemiebewältigung
Authors: Gerber Christine , Wandjo David 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel untersucht die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf arbeitsvermittelnde Plattformunternehmen sowie deren Strategien der Krisenbewältigung. Auf Grundlage einer qualitativen Untersuchung von zehn Unternehmen, die ortsabhängige und/oder ortsunabhängige Plattformarbeit in Deutschland organisieren, werden die Gruppen der Krisengewinner und Krisenbewältiger identifiziert. Die Befunde zeigen, dass zentrale Bewältigungsstrategien vor allem die Anpassung der angebotenen Dienstleistungen und die Erschließung neuer Kund*innen, teilweise sogar die Anpassung des Geschäftsmodells, sowie die Optimierungen von Service-Abläufen waren. Zentrale Resilienzressourcen sind insbesondere skalier- und diversifizierbare Ökosysteme, das Asset-light-Modell und damit einhergehend geringe Fixkosten sowie eine hohe Risikoauslagerung. Der Artikel trägt zu den Debatten um das mögliche Ausbreitungspotenzial des Geschäftsmodells in der Pandemie sowie um die Anpassungsfähigkeit von arbeitsvermittelnden Plattformunternehmen an externe, gesellschaftliche Veränderungen bei.
Bibliothek als Labor der Wissenschaft – Metamorphose einer Metapher
Authors: Stäcker Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Bedeutung des Begriffs Labor hat sich in den letzten Jahren über den engen naturwissenschaftlichen Kontext hinaus erweitert. Als Metapher findet er auch in Bezug auf Bibliotheken Anwendung. Der Artikel diskutiert die Idee, Bibliotheken als Labore der Wissenschaft zu verstehen und zeichnet nach, wie sie sich in dieser Rolle entwickelt haben. Dabei wird betont, dass die Bibliothek nicht als Ort betrachtet werden sollte, an dem die Wissenschaft etwas Erforschbares findet, sondern als ein aktiver Teil des Forschungsprozesses. Entsprechend werden die Veränderungen in der Bibliothek insbesondere im Kontext der Digitalisierung beleuchtet, die sie zu einem Labor der Wissenschaft gemacht haben. Die Bibliothek spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Sammlung, Aufbereitung und Bereitstellung von Daten und Dokumenten für wissenschaftliche Forschung und Analyse. Sie fungiert auch als Filter und stellt sicher, dass qualitativ hochwertige und vertrauenswürdige Informationen zugänglich sind. Die Bibliothek wird als ein Ort der Demokratie und Meinungsfreiheit hervorgehoben, da sie Informationen unvoreingenommen sammelt und bereitstellt. Darüber hinaus wird die Bibliothek als eine wichtige Schnittstelle zur Außenwelt betrachtet, die es ermöglicht, Daten und Dokumente standardisiert zu teilen und zu vernetzen. Schließlich wird die Bibliothek als Analyseplattform betrachtet, die Text- und Datamining ermöglicht, um neue Erkenntnisse aus umfangreichen Daten- und Dokumentsammlungen zu gewinnen.
Regional Environment Risk Assessment Over Space and Time: A Case of China
Authors: Dou Xiangsheng , Ishaq Fizza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Faced with increasingly serious environmental risks, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the regional environment to provide a solid foundation for environmental policies and actions in the future. This article builds a composite environment risk index that considers spatiotemporal factors and uses annual socio-economic and environmental data of China’s 31 provincial administrative regions from 2004 to 2019 to quantitatively analyze environmental risks. Furthermore, the article employs a panel data model to empirically test the key factors that lead to environmental risks. Moreover, this article employs SVAR models to analyze the dynamics of regional environmental systems in China. The study finds that, at least at this stage, the environmental risks in provincial regions in China are still relatively high, and the key factors of the risks are economic growth, urbanization development, secondary industry growth, and green policy. Therefore, China must adopt more stringent environmental protection policies and actions in the future.
Design and synthesis of various 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as AChE and LOX enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Iqbal Javed , Mallhi Ali Imran , ur Rehman Aziz , Al-Mijalli Samiah H. , un-Nisa Mehr , Zafar Fatiqa , Shahzad Sohail , Rasool Shahid , Iqbal Munawar , Shah Syed Adnan Ali 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

N-Substituted-2-propanamide analogues of 1,3,4-oxadiazole have been synthesized using a multi-step synthetic protocol to explore new therapeutic anti-enzymatic agents. Herein, we have merged sulfonyl, piperidine, oxadiazole and amide into a single unit to synthesize a library of unique compounds, 8a–n. The molecular structures of all synthesized compounds were verified by 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, HRMS and IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the compounds were screened for their inhibition potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), urease and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes. A considerable inhibition potential was observed for three compounds against LOX with quercetin as a reference standard, two compounds against urease with thiourea as a reference standard and two compounds against AChE with eserine as a reference standard. Through molecular docking investigations, we were able to correlate the overall impact and inhibition criteria by the structure–activity relationship via the interactions between synthesized compounds and active sites of enzymes. Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and in vivo studies may be investigated further for the most active compounds to substantiate them as potential anti-enzymatic medications.
Genotype-environment interaction in the variability of yield associated indices under stress conditions in sunflower
Authors: Duca Maria , Mutu Ana , Port Angela , Clapco Steliana 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The impact of biotic (infestation with the Orobanche cumana) and abiotic stress (drought) factors on the productivity indicators of sunflower hybrids was evaluated in two years, 2020 and 2021, which were significantly different regarding to the weather conditions. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied on 10 parameters: plant height (PH); leaf number (LN); leaf area (LA); seed yield (SY); leaf area index (LAI); chlorophyll a content (Chla); chlorophyll b content (Chlb); carotenoids content (Car); chlorophyll pigment ratio (Chla/b); total of chlorophyll pigments (Chla+b), that are directly or indirectly associated with the productivity of sunflower hybrids. The first two PCs explained 75 % (drought stress for 2020) and 83 %, respectively (stress caused by broomrape infestation), of the total variance of parameters or hybrids. A higher number of positive correlations were identified between the studied morpho-physiological indices differentiating the hybrids. The SY index correlated with PH, LN, LAI, LA (r = 0.54–0.78) under biotic and abiotic stress. Also, seed yield related with the content of pigments (r = 0.65–0.79) in the case of infested hybrids with broomrape. The infested hybrid H11, in both years, showed the highest values for most of the analyzed indices, indicating a relatively high degree of tolerance to the combined stressors.
Recent advancement of RB noise alleviation techniques in different communication networks and its lacunae: a review
Authors: Mandal Paulomi , Sarkar Nilanjana , Atta Rinki , Patra Ardhendu Sekhar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Telecommunication networks are forced to be advanced day by day for high data rate transportation over long-reach to fulfil the ever-increasing demand of the subscribers. Different used schemes, modulation techniques are smart enough to support high data rate transmission over long distance but some impairment like Rayleigh backscattering (RB) brings a limitation on data rate or transmission distance. RB noise effect arises and affects the system performance when more than one signal of similar wavelengths are transmitted through a same feeder fiber in full-duplex networks and different researchers have already proposed various schemes to eliminate RB noise effect in different transport networks. The present paper surveys and analyses the techniques which proposed in last 15 years for mitigation of RB noise in communication systems. The origin of RB and the impact of it in different communication systems are also explained. All the proposed networks are aimed to support next generation communication systems by providing high data rate (up to 160 Gbps downstream and 20 Gbps upstream) over long reach (up to 115 km single mode fiber link) with lesser RB noise effect but exact quantification of RB noise mitigation is not reported till now which could be a future scope for the new researchers.
„Monophysiten“ und „Nestorianer“. Überlegungen zu zwei Bezeichnungen aus der christlichen Theologie- und Kirchengeschichte
Authors: Lange Christian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper challenges the traditional notions of ‘Monophysitism’ and ‘Nestorianism’ or ‘The Nestorian Church’. With regard to ‘Monophysitism’, it argues that two interpretations of the basic ‘Alexandrian’ Christological formula of the ‘one nature of the God-Logos incarnate’ need to be distinguished. One, according to which the individual properties of the two ‘natures’ of Christ were lost and mixed, and which can, indeed, be referred to as ‘Monophysitism’ – in contrast to another interpretation which insisted that the individual characteristics of the two ‘natures’ were preserved and the ‘God-Logos incarnate’ remained consubstantial with human beings (homoousios hēmin). This second approach might be better referred to as ‘Miaphysitism’.
Similarly, this contribution suggests that it seems necessary to differentiate between what Nestorius of Constantinople himself taught and what his opponent Cyrill of Alexandria imputed to him. When analyzing Nestorius’ own writings, it becomes clear that Nestorius neither challenged the true union between the God-Logos and the ‘Man’ nor assumed a time in which the ‘Man’ existed prior to his unification with the God-Logos. Therefore, Nestorius taught no ‘Nestorianism’ in the sense in which Cyrill of Alexandria introduced it. Likewise, the Christology of the Apostolic Church of the East is based on the views of Theodore of Mopsuestia. It is not before the 6th century that representatives of this Church discovered Nestorius as a martyr for the ‘orthodox belief’ who was persecuted by the Egyptian ‘Pharaoh’, just as had been John Chrysostom before him. Because of its loyalty to the Christology of Theodore of Mopsuestia, it seems rather fitting to abandon the inappropriate title ‘Nestorian Church’ – a polemical title that has been pinned on the ‘Church of the East’ by its theological opponents from the 6th century onwards.