bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Storybook reading: Literacy and teacher knowledge in early childhood education
Authors: Williamson Joanna , Hedges Helen , Jesson Rebecca 
Published: November 2023

Language and literacy are prioritised across education as tools for thinking with texts, and cultural tools to access participation in society, culture and learning. Teacher knowledge about ways to promote language and literacy are therefore critical. How might this intention play out in early childhood education, where longstanding beliefs about play and child-centred education have dominated Western provision? This paper explores teacher knowledge brought to playful storybook reading interactions between teachers and children aged 3–5 years in a qualitative study of two early childhood settings in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Teachers were explicitly and implicitly aware of specific teacher knowledge they brought to these interactions, prioritising knowledge of children and pedagogy while cognisant of language learning. The paper argues that blending Shulman’s seminal thinking about professional knowledge categories with tenets of early childhood pedagogy shows a way forward for thinking about teacher knowledge and professional learning that involves responsive, relational pedagogy in the context of story book reading. When teachers can confidently articulate and critically reflect on their pedagogies and decision-making, and are supported through professional learning and policy such as low teacher-child ratios, they might provide a sound foundation in the development of language and literacy for children.
Green Lead Nanoparticles Induced Apoptosis and Cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 Cells by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3/7 Enzymes
Authors: Alsulami Wadyan Lafi , Ali Daoud , Almutairi Bader O. , Yaseen Khadijah N. , Alkahtani Saad , Almeer Rafa A. , Alarifi Saud 
Published: November 2023

Nanoparticles are widely used in the pharmaceutical, agriculture, and food processing industries. In this study, we have synthesized green lead nanoparticles (gPbNPs) by using an extract of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves and determined their cytotoxic and apoptotic effect on the human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line. gPbNPs were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The toxicity of gPbNPs was determined on the MDA-MB-231 cell line using MTT and NRU assays and as a result cell viability was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner. MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive at the highest concentration of gPbNPs exposure. In this experiment, we observed the production of intracellular ROS in cells, and induction of caspase 3/7 was higher in cells at 42 µg/ml of gPbNPs. Moreover, the Bax gene was upregulated and the Bcl-2 gene was downregulated and increased caspase 3/7 activity confirmed the apoptotic effect of gPbNPs in cells. Our observation showed that gPbNPs induced cell toxicity, increased generation of intracellular ROS, and gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that gPbNPs executed toxic effects on the MDA-MB-231 cell line through activating caspase 3/7 activity.
Disease activity 4.5 years after starting cladribine: experience in 264 patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Allen-Philbey Kimberley , De Trane Stefania , MacDougall Amy , Adams Ashok , Bianchi Lucia , Campion Thomas , Giovannoni Gavin , Gnanapavan Sharmilee , Holden David W. , Marta Monica , Mathews Joela , Turner Benjamin P. , Baker David , Schmierer Klaus 
Published: November 2023

Background: Cladribine is an effective immunotherapy for people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Whilst most pwMS do not require re-treatment following standard dosing (two treatment courses), disease activity re-emerges in others. The characteristics of pwMS developing re-emerging disease activity remain incompletely understood. Objectives: To explore whether clinical and/or paraclinical baseline characteristics, including the degree of lymphocyte reduction, drug dose and lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with re-emerging disease activity. Design: Service evaluation in pwMS undergoing subcutaneous cladribine (SClad) treatment. Methods: Demographics, clinical, laboratory and MRI data of pwMS receiving two courses of SClad were extracted from health records. To assess associations of predictor variables with re-emerging disease activity, a series of Cox proportional hazards models was fitted (one for each predictor variable). Results: Of n = 264 pwMS 236 received two courses of SClad and were included in the analysis. Median follow-up was 4.5 years (3.9, 5.3) from the first, and 3.5 years (2.9, 4.3) from the last SClad administration. Re-emerging disease activity occurred in 57/236 pwMS (24%); 22/236 received further cladribine doses (SClad or cladribine tablets) at 36.7 months [median; interquartile range (IQR): 31.7, 42.1], and 22/236 other immunotherapies 18.9 months (13.0, 30.2) after their second course of SClad, respectively. Eligibility was based on MRI activity in 29, relapse in 5, both in 13, elevated cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain level in 3, deterioration unrelated to relapse in 4 and other in 3. Only 36/57 of those eligible for additional immunotherapy had received a reduced dose of SClad for their second treatment course. Association was detected between re-emerging disease activity and (i) high baseline MRI activity and (ii) low second dose of SClad. Conclusion: Re-emerging disease activity was associated with baseline MRI activity and low dose second course of SClad.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training in Physically Active Patients With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: García-Rodríguez Pere , Pecci Javier , Vázquez-González Sergio , Pareja-Galeano Helios 
Published: November 2023

Context:Muscle atrophy and loss of knee function are common findings after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Rehabilitation through blood flow restriction (BFR) has gained clinical relevance when combined with low loads to improve these disorders in recent years.Objective:To evaluate the rehabilitation effectiveness of ACL reconstruction with the use of BFR on pain, functionality, strength, and muscle mass in physically active people.Data Sources:A search of PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE was performed on March 31, 2023, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines.Study Selection:Randomized clinical trials with active adults who underwent ACL surgery were included. They had to compare conventional treatments with the use of BFR, reporting values of pain, functionality, strength, or cross-sectional area (CSA). Articles whose participants presented concomitant injuries and whose intervention combined the use of BFR with treatments other than resistance training were excluded.Study Design:Systematic review.Level of Evidence:Level 2.Data Extraction:Study design, population, cuff pressure, and main outcomes including strength, quadriceps CSA, pain, and functionality.Results:Six studies out of a total of 389 were included (152 participants; 90 men and 62 women). These included studies showed no differences on CSA or strength when comparing BFR training with high loads exercise. BFR has demonstrated improvements in knee functionality and pain compared with other interventions such as immobilization or high loads training.Conclusion:The use of low loads combined with BFR improves pain, strength, functionality, and CSA. In addition, knee pain reduction and functionality are greater with BFR compared with the use of high loads or immobilization.
Patient safety competence of nursing students and affecting factors
Authors: Yılmaz Ayşegül , Erdem Özlem 
Published: November 2023

Objectives Patient safety competencies (PSC) of nursing students are, in particular, critical for quality and safe care. In the study, it was aimed to determine the PSC of nursing students and the factors affecting them. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional, relationship-seeking, and comparative study was conducted between February 1st and May 15th, 2022. The sample of the study consisted of 441 students studying at three universities. The data were collected online using the Sociodemographic Data Form and PSC Self-Evaluation Tool. Results In institutions where the study was conducted, students rated their level as above moderate in the PSC. Those aged 23 and over, and those who had received education on patient safety in patient care and drug administration were found to have a higher level of PSC. When the scores that all students obtained from the overall scale and its subscales were compared, it was determined that students of University C had statistically higher overall and subscale scores than those in the other two universities. Conclusion The assessment of PSC and the determination of the influencing variables may shed light on the regulations to be conducted in this regard. Patient safety courses should be included in the nursing curriculum as a compulsory course in two semesters at basic and advanced levels.
Empiric Esophageal Dilation for the Treatment of Non-Obstructive Dysphagia
Authors: Macmillan Katherine , Protopapadakis Yianni , Abrams Gary A. , Sunkavalli Madhusudhan 
Published: November 2023

Background: Non-obstructive dysphagia is a commonly encountered clinical problem. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a single tertiary hospital system electronic database from January 2021 to October 2021 for patients undergoing EGD with dilation using ICD-10 codes 43248 and 42450. Results: Of the 411 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 75% of these patients had improvement with empiric dilation. The presence of a superficial mucosal tear post dilation was statistically significant. Conclusion: Empiric dilation is a useful tool for patients with non-obstructive dysphagia.
Cultural Beliefs and Practices in Self-Management of Diabetes Among Pnar Women in Meghalaya, India
Authors: Muksor Alacrity , Parmar Daksha 
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to explore the cultural beliefs and practices of the Pnar tribe in terms of their self-management of diabetes. Methods: A qualitative study design using an ethnographic approach was adopted to understand the experiences of the Pnar women with type 2 diabetes. Around 60 women living with diabetes across 20 villages in the Thadlaskein rural block were interviewed in the Pnar language. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the pattern related to beliefs and cultural practices in the self-management of diabetes across the data set. Results: Misconceptions related to diet, such as all vegetables grown underground need to be avoided and bitter herbs and vegetables are good for blood glucose control, were reported. Participants used home remedies and complementary and alternative medicine to bring down their blood glucose levels. Participants believe that diabetes is an episodic or short-term illness and can be cured through herbal medicine. Participants reported that consuming atta or round flat bread made of wheat flour instead of rice caused “acidity.” Conclusions: Misconceptions are barriers to disease management, which are often shaped in people’s minds by culture. Therefore, health care service providers must know what people think about diabetes and its management. Accordingly, information related to diabetes should be disseminated to the masses for effective management of diabetes.
Trogocytosis drives red blood cell antigen loss in association with antibody-mediated immune suppression
Authors: Cruz-Leal Yoelys , Norris Peter A. A. , Gil Gonzalez Lazaro , Marjoram Danielle , Wabnitz Hanna , Shan Yuexin , Lazarus Alan H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization to paternal antigens during pregnancy can cause hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). This severe and potentially fatal neonatal disorder can be prevented by the administration of polyclonal anti-D through a mechanism referred to as antibody-mediated immune suppression (AMIS). Although anti-D prophylaxis effectively prevents HDFN, a lack of mechanistic clarity has hampered its replacement with recombinant agents. The major theories behind AMIS induction in the hematologic literature have classically centered around RBC clearance; however, antigen modulation/loss has recently been proposed as a potential mechanism of AMIS. To explore the primary mechanisms of AMIS, we studied the ability of 11 different antibodies to induce AMIS, RBC clearance, antigen loss, and RBC membrane loss in the HOD (hen egg lysozyme–ovalbumin–human Duffy) murine model. Antibodies targeting different portions of the HOD molecule could induce AMIS independent of their ability to clear RBCs; however, all antibodies capable of inducing a strong AMIS effect also caused significant in vivo loss of the HOD antigen in conjunction with RBC membrane loss. In vitro studies of AMIS-inducing antibodies demonstrated simultaneous RBC antigen and membrane loss, which was mediated by macrophages. Confocal live-cell microscopy revealed that AMIS-inducing antibodies triggered RBC membrane transfer to macrophages, consistent with trogocytosis. Furthermore, anti-D itself can induce trogocytosis even at low concentrations, when phagocytosis is minimal or absent. In view of these findings, we propose trogocytosis as a mechanism of AMIS induction.
Entirely noninvasive outcome prediction in central nervous system lymphomas using circulating tumor DNA
Authors: Heger Jan-Michel , Mattlener Julia , Schneider Jessica , Gödel Philipp , Sieg Noëlle , Ullrich Fabian , Lewis Richard , Bucaciuc-Mracica Teodora , Schwarz Roland F. , Rueß Daniel , Ruge Maximilian I. , Montesinos-Rongen Manuel , Deckert Martina , Blau Tobias , Kutsch Nadine , Balke-Want Hyatt , Weiss Jonathan , Becker Kerstin , Reinhardt H. Christian , Hallek Michael , Borchmann Peter , von Tresckow Bastian , Borchmann Sven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
State-of-the-art response assessment of central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) by magnetic resonance imaging is challenging and an insufficient predictor of treatment outcomes. Accordingly, the development of novel risk stratification strategies in CNSL is a high unmet medical need. We applied ultrasensitive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing to 146 plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 67 patients, aiming to develop an entirely noninvasive dynamic risk model considering clinical and molecular features of CNSL. Our ultrasensitive method allowed for the detection of CNSL-derived mutations in plasma ctDNA with high concordance to CSF and tumor tissue. Undetectable plasma ctDNA at baseline was associated with favorable outcomes. We tracked tumor-specific mutations in plasma-derived ctDNA over time and developed a novel CNSL biomarker based on this information: peripheral residual disease (PRD). Persistence of PRD after treatment was highly predictive of relapse. Integrating established baseline clinical risk factors with assessment of radiographic response and PRD during treatment resulted in the development and independent validation of a novel tool for risk stratification: molecular prognostic index for CNSL (MOP-C). MOP-C proved to be highly predictive of outcomes in patients with CNSL (failure-free survival hazard ratio per risk group of 6.60; 95% confidence interval, 3.12-13.97; P &lt; .0001) and is publicly available at www.mop-c.com. Our results highlight the role of ctDNA sequencing in CNSL. MOP-C has the potential to improve the current standard of clinical risk stratification and radiographic response assessment in patients with CNSL, ultimately paving the way toward individualized treatment.
A prospective multi-institutional study of eculizumab to treat high-risk stem cell transplantation–associated TMA
Authors: Jodele Sonata , Dandoy Christopher E. , Aguayo-Hiraldo Paibel , Lane Adam , Teusink-Cross Ashley , Sabulski Anthony , Mizuno Kana , Laskin Benjamin L. , Freedman Jason , Davies Stella M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
High-risk, complement mediated, untreated transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (hrTMA) has dismal outcomes due to multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The complement C5 blocker eculizumab shows promising results in hrTMA, but has not been prospectively studied in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients. We performed the first multi-institutional prospective study in children and young adults to evaluate eculizumab as an early targeted intervention for hrTMA/MODS. We hypothesized that eculizumab would more than double survival in HCT recipients with hrTMA, compared to our prior study of prospectively screened, untreated hrTMAs serving as historical controls. HrTMA features (elevated terminal complement (sC5b-9) and proteinuria measured by random urine protein/creatinine ratio (≥1mg/mg)) were required for inclusion. The primary endpoint was survival at 6 six-months from hrTMA diagnosis. Secondary endpoints were cumulative incidence of MODS 6 months after hrTMA diagnosis and 1-year posttransplant survival. Eculizumab dosing included intensive loading, induction, and maintenance phases for up to 24 weeks of therapy. All 21 evaluated study subjects had MODS. Primary and secondary study endpoints were met by demonstrating survival of 71% (P &lt; .0001) 6 months after hrTMA diagnosis and 62% 1 year after transplant. Of fifteen survivors, 11 (73%) fully recovered organ function and are well. Our study demonstrates significant improvement in survival and recovery of organ function in hrTMA using an intensified eculizumab dosing and real time biomarker monitoring. This study serves as a benchmark for planning future studies that should focus on preventative measures or targeted therapy to be initiated prior to organ injury. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03518203.
How accessibility to schools is not (just) a transport problem: the case of public school choice in the city of Malmö, Sweden
Authors: Nichols Aaron , Ryan Jean 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is currently a lack of studies exploring how transport investments and school admission policies in a city can affect the distribution of accessibility to schools. The aim of this study is to investigate if, for whom, and the ways in which, accessibility to schools can change following (1) a change to the city’s public school admission policy and (2) investments in public transport infrastructure and adjustments to the public transport system. We draw on the case of Malmö, Sweden to examine the potential effects of these changes. This study is focused specifically on those in grades 7–9 (aged approximately 13–15), a group whose independent mobility is starting to take form. A geospatial analysis was carried out in order to compare the change in demographic makeup between school catchment areas (real and hypothetical) before and after the changes were made. The geospatial analysis utilises a cumulative opportunity accessibility model that takes into account typical public transport travel times both before and after these new measures were implemented. Findings indicate that the (hypothetical) school catchment areas have been redistributed to a considerable extent following both interventions, but particularly following the change to the public school admission policy. These redistributions have in turn resulted in changes in the socio-economic characteristics of the hypothetical school catchment areas. While the redistribution of school catchment areas could potentially change the socio-economic composition of schools in Malmö, the effects are not equally distributed throughout the city. While the addition of the new train line was the main focus of this study, it was found that other changes in the public transport system between 2018 and 2019 also played a role in determining which schools students could and could not access. The findings from this study highlight the importance of carefully considering the interaction of different effects when assessing policy alternatives.
How well did the consensus methods apply in the guideline development of traditional Chinese medicine: a web-based survey in China
Authors: Liang Changhao , Yin Guanxiang , Lin Ziyi , Cui Jing , Wang Yaqi , Liu Siqi , Yin Dingran , Liu Pengwei , Su Xiangfei , Rong Hongguo , Wang Cheng , Sun Feng , Fei Yutong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
Consensus methods are crucial in developing clinical guidelines. Different methods, such as the Delphi and nominal group techniques, are commonly used, but there is a lack of detailed instructions on how to implement them effectively. The survey aims to explore the opinions and attitudes of the chair, panel and working group on the critical elements of the consensus methods during guideline development.

Methods
We used a cross-sectional design to conduct this study and sent a structured questionnaire to stakeholders, including the chair, panel members, and working group participants, through the popular mobile phone application WeChat.We selected participants using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling. The questionnaire gathered information on demographics, experiences, opinions, and concerns regarding consensus methods and guideline development.

Results
The sample comprised 290 participants representing 31 provinces or municipalities. Among them, the most significant number of respondents (n = 107, 36.9%) were from Beijing. Most participants, specifically 211 (72.76%), held senior professional titles, while 186 (64.14%) adhered to ongoing guidelines. The Delphi method was the most commonly used consensus method (n = 132, 42.31%), but the respondents had only a preliminary understanding of it (n = 147, 47.12%). The consensus process also revealed the insufficiency of involving pharmacoeconomists, patients, and nurses.

Conclusions
Consensus methods have to be standardised and used consistently in the guideline development process. The findings of this study offer insights into diverse roles and more effective ways to apply the consensus process during guideline development.
Risk factors of additional surgery after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer
Authors: Sun Feng , Huang Yibo , Sun Yan , Wang Xingzhou , Ai Shichao , Guan Wenxian , Wang Meng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The criteria for surgical intervention after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of early gastric cancer are unclear. We aimed to clarify the risk factors for residual cancer and lymph node metastasis after non-curative ESD and to identify recommendations for additional surgery.

Methods
We collected data on 133 consecutive patients who underwent additional surgery after non-curative ESD of early gastric cancer at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2013 to July 2022. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to seek risk factors of residual cancer and lymph node metastasis.

Results
The incidence rates of residual cancer and lymph node metastasis were 13.5% (18/133) and 10.5% (14/133), respectively. There was neither residual tumor nor lymph node metastasis in 104 (78.2%) cases. Multivariate analyses elucidated that horizontal margin was an independent risk factor for local residual cancer, whereas lymphatic infiltration was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis. Patients with mixed histological types were more likely to suffer lymph node metastasis and further undergo additional surgery after non-curative ESD than pure histological type.

Conclusions
Additional gastrectomy with lymph node dissection was strongly recommended in patients with lymphatic infiltration after non-curative ESD of early gastric cancer. Patients with mixed histological type have a high propensity for lymph node metastasis and should be treated as a separate subtype.