bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic disclosure of Alzheimer's disease in Brazil: a national survey of specialized physicians
Authors: Souza Vitor Santos de , Guazzelli Sofia Brunchport , Cruz Leonardo Cardoso , Resende Elisa de Paula França , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Caramelli Paulo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can bring financial and emotional consequences to patients and caregivers. Whether or not the diagnosis should be disclosed to patients is a matter of debate amongst physicians and can be influenced by culture and experience.
Objective: To investigate the current practice of physicians who attend and treat patients with dementia in Brazil regarding the disclosure of dementia diagnosis and compare the practice with what has been performed 15 years ago in the country.
Methods: Data were evaluated using an electronic questionnaire. The questions used to carry out this research were similar to the questions of the study carried out 15 years ago 9. The form was sent to the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, the Brazilian Association of Geriatrics and Gerontology, and the Brazilian Association of Psychiatry, which forwarded it to their members. Analyses were conducted through non-parametric statistical tests, with a post-hoc assessment.
Results: 397 physicians responded to the survey, of which 231 are neurologists, 124 geriatricians, 29 psychiatrists and 13 from other specialties. The mean age was 45.2 years. The majority (66.7%) of the physicians reveal the diagnosis of AD always or usually. The youngest group of neurologists were more likely to disclose the diagnosis than the oldest group with a significant difference between them. In comparison to the 2008 Brazilian study, the percentage of physicians who always or usually disclose the diagnosis has risen by 22%. On the other hand, 12.3% of the physicians rarely or never disclose the diagnosis, in comparison to 25,3% in 2008. The main reasons for not disclosing the diagnosis concern the patients' mental health.
Conclusion: Advances in dementia knowledge and biomarkers availability probably explain the increase in the rate of disclosure. The main challenge is to reconcile the autonomy of affected individuals, mental health issues after the diagnosis and the family member's opinion.
Optical fiber strain sensor with high and tunable sensitivity
Authors: Yang Shiwei , Zhang Qiang , Li Xiaobo , Wang Quansen , Li Yongmin 
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate a fiber-optic strain sensor with high and tunable sensitivity by constructing a Fabry–Perot interferometer with tunable stretching length. By improving the ratio of stretching length to interference length for the proposed sensor, the measured strain sensitivity is up to 1932 pm/με, which is an order of magnitude higher than the maximum value of reported fiber-optic strain sensors so far. The sensitivity for a prepared sensor could be also tuned conveniently by changing the stretching length, and experimental results show that the sensitivity could be tuned from 1932 to 978 pm/με by reducing the stretching length from 12 to 6 mm. Furthermore, the proposed device is economical, straightforward, robust, and reproducible. The advantages make the proposed device promising in practical applications.
Involvement in sex work is associated with muscle dysmorphia symptomatology among a sample of Canadian adolescents and young adults
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , Pang Nelson , Testa Alexander , Rodgers Rachel F. , Jones Jori , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: November 2023

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between lifetime sex work involvement and muscle dysmorphia symptomatology. Methods Data from the Canadian Study of Adolescent Health Behaviours (N = 912) were analysed. Multiple adjusted linear regression models were estimated with lifetime sex work involvement as the independent variable and muscle dysmorphia symptomatology, measured using the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory, as the dependent variable. Results Among the sample, 3.7% of participants reported engaging in lifetime sex work. Significant associations were found between self-reported lifetime sex work and greater total muscle dysmorphia symptomatology (B = 5.03, 95% CI 1.80, 8.26), greater Drive for Size symptomatology (B = 2.36, 95% CI 0.74–3.97), and greater Functional Impairment symptomatology (B = 2.11, 95% CI 0.54, 3.67), while adjusting for relevant sociodemographic variables. Conclusions Findings from this study expand prior research that has documented poor mental health among individuals involved in sex work. Clinical and community health professionals should consider screening for muscle dysmorphia symptomatology among young people who have been involved in sex work.
EMF revisited
Authors: Davis Art 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper was inspired by a recent publication by Redžíc (2018 Eur. J. Phys.
39 025205) which threw into bold relief the differences between the way Maxwell viewed the current and the way Lorentz visualized it. We make the assumption that for a circuit of laboratory dimensions current (and charge perturbation effects in general) can be assumed to propagate instantaneously around the loop. Our second fundamental assumption is the commonly accepted one that
E
is the force per unit charge on a stationary charge. We use these facts to make the usual definition of electromotive force more rigorous and to derive the Lorentz force formula.
Solving differential equations with deep learning: a beginner’s guide
Authors: Navarro Luis Medrano , Martin-Moreno Luis , Rodrigo Sergio G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research in artificial intelligence methods with potential applications in science has become an essential task in the scientific community in recent years. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is one of these methods and represents a contemporary technique based on neural network fundamentals to solve differential equations. These networks can potentially improve or complement classical numerical methods in computational physics, making them an exciting area of study. In this paper, we introduce PINNs at an elementary level, mainly oriented to physics education, making them suitable for educational purposes at both undergraduate and graduate levels. PINNs can be used to create virtual simulations and educational tools that aid in understating complex physical concepts and processes involving differential equations. By combining the power of neural networks with physics principles, PINNs can provide an interactive and engaging learning experience that can improve students’ understanding and retention of physics concepts in higher education.
High throughput microfluidic drug screening system for corneal epithelial wound healing
Authors: Lee Rina , Kim Hongbin , Kim Hoon , Lee Jinho , Cho Kyong Jin , Kim Jeongyun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, we developed a microfluidic in vitro wound healing model to overcome the existing limitations of traditional experimental methods in quantifying cell migration. We manufactured a microfluidic system equipped with a gradient concentration generator to control the reagent density and with microvalves so the wound masking pattern could be automatically controlled by a programmable Arduino board. A wound healing experiment of human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T cells) using eight different concentrations of ursolic acid with eight replicates was conducted simultaneously using our microfluidic system. A microfluidic in vitro wound healing model using HCE-T cells involving a programmable Arduino board for automatic process control was established to provide a well-controlled concentration gradient to determine the optimal concentration of ursolic acid in the wound healing process. The migration of cells according to different concentrations of ursolic acid was achieved easily, quickly, and reliably, and the effect of ursolic acid in promoting cell migration was confirmed. We demonstrated that our system effectively provides an appropriate environment for in vitro wound healing studies and is expected to be an advanced tool and an economically efficient, robust, and reliable platform to study and evaluate new wound healing drugs in vitro.
Unveiling the structural phase transition and magnetic structure of ternary boride PrIr3B2
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Ritter C , Adroja D T , Stenning Gavin B G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of PrIr3B2, which includes a detailed investigation of its crystal and magnetic structure using neutron diffraction. AC and DC magnetization and heat capacity data reveal antiferromagnetic ordering at T
N = 10 K. The heat capacity measurements further exhibit a broad peak near 270 K which is related to a structural transition from P6/mmm to C2/m seen in low temperature x-ray diffraction and neutron diffraction. High intensity neutron diffraction data confirm the long-range ordering of Pr3+ spins, with no apparent magnetic moment on either of the Iridium sites. Two possible magnetic structures with either k
1 = [1,0,0] or k
2 = [½,½,0] fit nearly equally well the neutron diffraction data. However, based on previous magnetization studies on a single crystalline sample it is argued that the second solution with k
2 corresponds to the appropriate magnetic structure of PrIr3B2 below 10 K. In this magnetic structure, the Pr3+ moments are oriented at ∼45° to both the a and b axes, with the c-axis being the hard axis of magnetization. Overall, our results provide new insights into the magnetic and structural properties of PrIr3B2.
Fundamental study on diagnostic reference level quantities for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using a C-arm fluoroscopy system
Authors: Ishii Hiroki , Chida Koichi , Inaba Yohei , Abe Keisuke , Onodera Shu , Zuguchi Masayuki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The diagnostic reference level (DRL) is an effective tool for optimising protection in medical exposures to patients. However regarding air kerma at the patient entrance reference point (K
a,r), one of the DRL quantities for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), manufacturers use a variety of the International Electrotechnical Commission and their own specific definitions of the reference point. The research question for this study was whether K
a,r is appropriate as a DRL quantity for ERCP. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference between K
a,r and air kerma incident on the patient’s skin surface (K
a,e) at the different height of the patient couch for a C-arm system. Fluoroscopy and radiography were performed using a C-arm system (Ultimax-i, Canon Medical Systems, Japan) and a over-couch tube system (CUREVISTA Open, Fujifilm Healthcare, Japan). K
a,e was measured by an ion chamber placed on the entrance surface of the phantom. Kerma-area product (P
KA) and K
a,r were measured by a built-in P
KA meter and displayed on the fluoroscopy system. K
a,e decreased while K
a,r increased as the patient couch moved away from the focal spot. The uncertainty of the K
a,e/K
a,r ratio due to the different height of the patient couch was estimated to be 75%–94%. K
a,r may not accurately represent K
a,e. P
KA was a robust DRL quantity that was independent of the patient couch height. We cautioned against optimising patient doses in ERCP with DRLs set in terms of K
a,r without considering the patient couch height of the C-arm system. Therefore, we recommend that K
a,r is an inappropriate DRL quantity in ERCP using the C-arm system.
Transformer fault diagnosis based on MPA-RF algorithm and LIF technology
Authors: Yan Pengcheng , Wang JingBao , Wang Wenchang , Li Guodong , Zhao Yuting , Wen Ziming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Power transformers are essential components in power systems used to regulate voltage, transmit electrical energy, provide isolation, and match loads. They contribute to efficient and reliable electricity transmission and distribution. However, traditional methods for diagnosing transformer faults are time-consuming, not suitable for online monitoring, and greatly affected by environmental conditions. In this experiment, we propose the use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology for transformer fault detection. LIF technology is a method for analyzing and detecting specific molecules or atoms in samples. It combines laser technology with fluorescence measurements, making it a powerful analytical tool. It achieves high sensitivity and selectivity in analyzing molecules and atoms by exciting and detecting fluorescence in the sample. This makes it an important technology in scientific research and practical applications. Furthermore, LIF technology has not been previously applied to power transformer fault diagnosis. Therefore, this experiment introduces a transformer fault diagnosis model based on the marine predators algorithm (MPA) optimized random forest (RF) algorithm and LIF spectroscopy technology. Four different oil samples were selected for experimentation: crude oil, thermally faulty oil, partially moist oil, and electrically faulty oil. First, LIF technology for collect spectral images and data from the different fault oil samples. The obtained spectral data was preprocessed using two methods, multivariate scatter correction (MSC) and standardization method (SNV). Then, principal component analysis (PCA) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) for reducing the dimensionality of the preprocessed spectral data. Finally, the RF model, MPA-RF model, and PSO-RF model were established; and the reduced data was input into the model for training. Through comparisons of the predictions on the test set, evaluation metrics of the algorithm (including fitting coefficient, MSE, RMSE, and RMSE), and iteration convergence curves, the best transformer fault diagnosis model was identified. The results show that the MSC-KPCA-MPA-RF model has the best matching resule, with a fitting coefficient of 0.9963 and a mean square error of 0.0047. The SNV-PCA-MPA-RF model has the worst fitting effect, with a fitting coefficient of 0.9840 and a mean square error of 0.0199. Through comparisons of the convergence of different models, the MSC-KPCA-MPA-RF model has the best convergence and is the most applicable model for transformer fault diagnosis in this experiment. This model has significant implications for ensuring the safety of the power system.
Research on the intrinsic phase difference of Rayleigh scattering in distributed acoustic sensing
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Di , He Qiujie , Wang Meikun , Wang Jiawen , Wang Weitao , Liu Guangqiang , Wan Na , Liu Shouling , Yao Chunmei , Qu Shuai , Shang Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The differential cross-phase multiply (DCM) demodulation algorithm based on a 3 × 3 coupler is commonly employed in distributed acoustic systems (DAS) to recover phase information along the sensing fiber. This study investigates the amplitude-spatial resolution response characteristics of the DCM algorithm using 3 × 3 coupler demodulation. Firstly, we theoretically establish the variation of demodulation amplitude in DAS systems due to the intrinsic phase of the signal. Subsequently, we analyze the amplitude-pulse width response curves of the DCM algorithm based on the distribution of demodulated phase error obtained from both experimental and simulation data. The findings reveal a double peaks phenomenon in the amplitude response curves of the DCM demodulation algorithm based on 3 × 3 couplers. We also explore the amplitude response curves for multiple pulse widths and observe that, under the same arm length difference conditions, the double peaks persist. However, this double peak phenomenon is eliminated when the pulse width is less than 21 ns. Therefore, when the width determined by the pulse is greater than 40% of the difference between the light paths, the demodulation will appear double peaks phenomenon.
Effect of DC grounding electrode currents on the corrosion interference behavior of cathodic protection of nearby pipelines
Authors: Chen Xiao , Li Lin , Zhang Boyang , Li Hengfeng , Zhao Lunuo , Zhou Yixi , Wu Weiting 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When operating a direct current (DC) transmission grounding electrode in single-pole return ground mode, transient currents traverse the soil, generating stray currents. These currents can intensify the corrosion of long-distance transmission pipelines near the grounding electrode, subsequently altering the pipeline’s cathodic protection potential. Previous investigations into the interference of grounding electrodes on pipeline cathodic protection have overlooked the cathodic protection systems themselves. Addressing this gap, we integrated COMSOL’s electrochemical module with its AC/DC module. To corroborate the accuracy of our COMSOL-based models, we devised specific validation experiments. Additionally, we crafted a COMSOL application builder interface to streamline computations. Consequently, we derived a multi-regression function to express the cathodic protection potential of the pipeline under varied factors and executed a regression tree classification for soil resistivity. To pinpoint optimal corrosion protection for pipelines, we simulated the cathodic protection of segmentally isolated pipelines, determining that potential excursions can be notably mitigated. This research offers insights into both disturbance evaluation and protective strategies for DC transmission and pipelines.
Preparation of pH-responsive reversible wettable surfaces and application for oil-water separation
Authors: Zhu Yunhu , Feng Aixin , Yu Jinhai , Zhao Pu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the continuous development of society, the discharge of oily wastewater in daily life and industry has gradually increased, causing considerable damage to the environment, and how to effectively treat oily wastewater is an urgent problem. In this paper, a simple method is proposed to prepare superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh with pH response. The relationship between the ratio of mixed thiols and the surface wettability was explored, as well as the morphology, chemical composition, and pH-responsive mechanism of the stainless steel mesh surface were analyzed, and the separation efficiency, recycling ability, and backwashing ability of the mesh were explored by oil–water separation experiments. It was found that when the molar fraction of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid and 1-decanethiol in the mixed mercaptan was 2:3, the water contact angle of the surface at this point was 156.5 ± 1°, with pH response characteristics and good oil–water separation efficiency, backwashing and recycling capabilities.
Integrable hierarchies, Frölicher–Nijenhuis bicomplexes and Lauricella bi-flat F-manifolds
Authors: Lorenzoni Paolo , Perletti Sara 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Given the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bicomplex

(
d
,

d
L

)

associated with a

(
1
,
1
)

-tensor field L with vanishing Nijenhuis torsion, we define a multi-parameter family of bi-flat structures

(
∇
,
e
,
∘
,

∇
∗

,
∗
,
E
)

. This result is obtained by combining the construction of integrable hierarchies of hydrodynamic type starting from Frölicher-Nijenhuis bicomplexes with the construction of flat F-manifold structures from integrable systems of hydrodynamic type. By construction L is the operator of multiplication by the Euler vector field E and the number of parameters coincides with the number of Jordan blocks appearing in its Jordan normal form. We call these structures Lauricella bi-flat structures since in the n-dimensional semisimple case

(
n
−
1
)

flat coordinates of

∇

are Lauricella functions. The

(
1
,
1
)

-tensor fields defining the corresponding integrable hierarchies have a similar block diagonal structure.
MAG-Res2Net: a novel deep learning network for human activity recognition
Authors: Liu Hanyu , Zhao Boyang , Dai Chubo , Sun Boxin , Li Ang , Wang Zhiqiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective. Human activity recognition (HAR) has become increasingly important in healthcare, sports, and fitness domains due to its wide range of applications. However, existing deep learning based HAR methods often overlook the challenges posed by the diversity of human activities and data quality, which can make feature extraction difficult. To address these issues, we propose a new neural network model called MAG-Res2Net, which incorporates the Borderline-SMOTE data upsampling algorithm, a loss function combination algorithm based on metric learning, and the Lion optimization algorithm. Approach. We evaluated the proposed method on two commonly utilized public datasets, UCI-HAR and WISDM, and leveraged the CSL-SHARE multimodal human activity recognition dataset for comparison with state-of-the-art models. Main results. On the UCI-HAR dataset, our model achieved accuracy, F1-macro, and F1-weighted scores of 94.44%, 94.38%, and 94.26%, respectively. On the WISDM dataset, the corresponding scores were 98.32%, 97.26%, and 98.42%, respectively. Significance. The proposed MAG-Res2Net model demonstrates robust multimodal performance, with each module successfully enhancing model capabilities. Additionally, our model surpasses current human activity recognition neural networks on both evaluation metrics and training efficiency. Source code of this work is available at: https://github.com/LHY1007/MAG-Res2Net.
Modification of the optical and elastic properties of TlGaSe2 layered semiconductor produced by the memory effect
Authors: Cengiz Asuman , Gören Serdar , Sönmez Ayşe , Şale Yasin , Okumuş Esra , Kırbaş Cafer , Chumakov Yurii M , Seyidov MirHasan Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A comparative analysis of the temperature behaviors of optical and elastic properties of

TlGa

Se

2

single crystals under a memory effect experimental condition are presented for the first time. A memory effect condition suggests that the sample is thermally annealed inside the incommensurate (INC) phase for a time interval the corresponding physical parameters is measured experimentally. From ultrasound velocity measurements, carried out before and after the thermal annealing process subjected to the sample, the noticeable changes in the temperature variation of the longitudinal ultrasonic wave velocity associated with the elastic constants

C

33

of

TlGa

Se

2

due to the memory effect was detected. Our results reveal that thermal annealing performed at the INC - phase has some influence on the optical absorption of

TlGa

Se

2

crystals in the visible spectral region. We assumed that thermal annealing within INC - phase is accompanied with the appearance, inside

TlGa

Se

2

samples, a new quasiperiodic frozen structure formed from the intrinsic defects migrated into the lowest energy diffusion barriers of the INC - modulation wave. Such structural modulation is incommensurate with the underlying lattice of

TlGa

Se

2

and can lead to changes in the electronic band structure and the optical bandgaps of

TlGa

Se

2

.