bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flares confirmed for the first time to be from the primary component of an eclipsing binary
Authors: Li Ling-Zhi , Li Kai , Gao Xiang , Chen Xiao-Dian , Gao Xing , Sun Guo-You 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Only a handful of precise observations of flare detected from a contact binary so far. This paper presents the photometric and spectroscopic analysis of a contact binary (ASAS J082243+1927.0). Two flare events detected from this object were observed in the data of TESS. The two flare events both occurred at the secondary minimum. Considering the totally eclipsing secondary minimum, it is pretty sure that the two flares are both from the primary component. This is the first time to definitely identify a flare that comes from which component in an eclipsing binary system. This system is a low-mass ratio (q ∼ 0.094) and deep contact binary ($f\sim 69.4~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$). LAMOST spectra of this object exhibit excess emissions in the H α line, indicating its chromospheric activity. The continuous variation of the TESS light curves is explained by using the variation of a dark spot added to the secondary component. Through analysing the relationship between the variation of the longitude of the spot and the O–C variation of the primary minima, we discover the spot rotation is prograde as viewed in the frame rotating with the orbital motion.
Zircon Microstructures in Large, Deeply Eroded Impact Structures and Terrestrial Seismites
Authors: Garde A A , Johansson L , Keulen N , Schreiber A , Wirth R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Extraterrestrial cratering was a critical component in the evolution of the early Earth, but discovery of very ancient and deeply exhumed impact structures remains elusive, as identification tools are in short supply. The recognition of such structures is hindered by post-cratering geological processes, whereby impact-induced features common in younger, upper-crustal craters may be lost. In this study, we make a detailed analysis of planar microstructures in zircons from four large, confirmed impact structures (Manicouagan, Rochechouart, Sudbury, Vredefort) preserved at different crustal levels, from two previously described non-impact seismites in SW Norway and northern Italy, and from the 3.0 Ga Maniitsoq structure in West Greenland. A total of ~3400 zircon grains were studied using exterior and interior scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We show for the first time that shocked zircons contain two successive, principally different types of planar microstructures, only one of which is diagnostic of impact. Closely spaced, contiguous microplanes (CP) are formed first, presumably by the shock wave. In Manicouagan and Rochechouart zircons the exterior CPs have ultrathin interior counterparts of straight dislocation arrays, as identified in Manicouagan zircon using transmission electron microscopy. They have the same close spacing and orientations as the exterior CPs and are abundantly decorated with tiny pores down to less than 50 nm across. These interior CPs are identical to shock-induced decorated, partly annealed amorphous planar microstructures in quartz (planar deformation features, PDFs) and are interpreted as such. The second type is open planar fractures (PF). They are widely and irregularly spaced and texturally younger than the CPs. They re-use and displace the CP orientations, which they cut in stepwise fashion. We interpret these PFs as formed by impact-induced seismic shaking in the wake of the shock wave. We confirm two previous reports of isolated planar fractures in zircons from non-impact seismites, showing that PFs per se are not impact-diagnostic. There are no CPs in any of these zircons. Zircons from different parts of the Maniitsoq structure contain CPs in various states of preservation besides PFs, corroborating that this very large and very deeply exhumed structure resulted from an extraterrestrial impact.
The multiple activations in budding yeast S-phase checkpoint are Poisson processes
Authors: Gao Xin , Zhou Peijie , Li Fangting 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Eukaryotic cells activate the S-phase checkpoint signal transduction pathway in response to DNA replication stress. Affected by the noise in biochemical reactions, such activation process demonstrates cell-to-cell variability. Here, through the analysis of microfluidics-integrated time-lapse imaging, we found multiple S-phase checkpoint activations in a certain budding yeast cell cycle. Yeast cells not only varied in their activation moments but also differed in the number of activations within the cell cycle, resulting in a stochastic multiple activation process. By investigating dynamics at the single-cell level, we showed that stochastic waiting times between consecutive activations are exponentially distributed and independent from each other. Finite DNA replication time provides a robust upper time limit to the duration of multiple activations. The mathematical model, together with further experimental evidence from the mutant strain, revealed that the number of activations under different levels of replication stress agreed well with Poisson distribution. Therefore, the activation events of S-phase checkpoint meet the criterion of Poisson process during DNA replication. In sum, the observed Poisson activation process may provide new insights into the complex stochastic dynamics of signal transduction pathways.
The response of Arabidopsis to the apocarotenoid β-cyclocitric acid reveals a role for SIAMESE-RELATED 5 in root development and drought tolerance
Authors: Braat Jeanne , Jaonina Meryl , David Pascale , Leschevin Maïté , Légeret Bertrand , D’Alessandro Stefano , Beisson Frédéric , Havaux Michel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
New regulatory functions in plant development and environmental stress responses have recently emerged for a number of apocarotenoids produced by enzymatic or nonenzymatic oxidation of carotenoids. β-Cyclocitric acid (β-CCA) is one such compound derived from β-carotene, which triggers defense mechanisms leading to a marked enhancement of plant tolerance to drought stress. We show here that this response is associated with an inhibition of root growth affecting both root cell elongation and division. Remarkably, β-CCA selectively induced cell cycle inhibitors of the SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family, especially SMR5, in root tip cells. Overexpression of the SMR5 gene in Arabidopsis induced molecular and physiological changes that mimicked in large part the effects of β-CCA. In particular, the SMR5 overexpressors exhibited an inhibition of root development and a marked increase in drought tolerance which is not related to stomatal closure. SMR5 up-regulation induced changes in gene expression that strongly overlapped with the β-CCA–induced transcriptomic changes. Both β-CCA and SMR5 led to a down-regulation of many cell cycle activators (cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases) and a concomitant up-regulation of genes related to water deprivation, cellular detoxification, and biosynthesis of lipid biopolymers such as suberin and lignin. This was correlated with an accumulation of suberin lipid polyesters in the roots and a decrease in nonstomatal leaf transpiration. Taken together, our results identify the β-CCA–inducible and drought-inducible SMR5 gene as a key component of a stress-signaling pathway that reorients root metabolism from growth to multiple defense mechanisms leading to drought tolerance.
Regulatory Effects of Diverse DSF Family Quorum-Sensing Signals in Plant-Associated Bacteria
Authors: Li Kaihuai , Ma Chaoyun , Zhou Xue , Xiong Chunlan , Wang Bo , Wang Yong , Liu Fengquan 
Published: October 2023

Numerous bacterial species employ diffusible signal factor (DSF)-based quorum sensing (QS) as a widely conserved cell–cell signaling communication system to collectively regulate various behaviors crucial for responding to environmental changes. cis-11-Methyl-dodecenoic acid, known as DSF, was first identified as a signaling molecule in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Subsequently, many structurally related molecules have been identified in different bacterial species. This review aims to provide an overview of current understanding regarding the biosynthesis and regulatory role of DSF signals in both pathogenic bacteria and a biocontrol bacterium. Recent studies have revealed that the DSF-based QS system regulates antimicrobial factor production in a cyclic dimeric GMP-independent manner in the biocontrol bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes. Additionally, the DSF family signals have been found to be involved in suppressing plant innate immunity. The discovery of these diverse signaling mechanisms holds significant promise for developing novel strategies to combat stubborn plant pathogens. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
The SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid protein suppresses innate immunity by remodeling stress granules to atypical foci
Authors: He Su , Gou Hongwei , Zhou Yulin , Wu Chunxiu , Ren Xinxin , Wu Xiajunpeng , Guan Guanwen , Jin Boxing , Huang Jinhua , Jin Zhigang , Zhao Tiejun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractViruses deploy multiple strategies to suppress the host innate immune response to facilitate viral replication and pathogenesis. Typical G3BP1+ stress granules (SGs) are usually formed in host cells after virus infection to restrain viral translation and to stimulate innate immunity. Thus, viruses have evolved various mechanisms to inhibit SGs or to repurpose SG components such as G3BP1. Previous studies showed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection inhibited host immunity during the early stage of COVID‐19. However, the precise mechanism is not yet well understood. Here we showed that the SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleocapsid (SARS2‐N) protein suppressed the double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA)‐induced innate immune response, concomitant with inhibition of SGs and the induction of atypical SARS2‐N+/G3BP1+ foci (N+foci). The SARS2‐N protein–induced formation of N+foci was dependent on the ability of its ITFG motif to hijack G3BP1, which contributed to suppress the innate immune response. Importantly, SARS2‐N protein facilitated viral replication by inducing the formation of N+foci. Viral mutations within SARS2‐N protein that impair the formation of N+foci are associated with the inability of the SARS2‐N protein to suppress the immune response. Taken together, our study has revealed a novel mechanism by which SARS‐CoV‐2 suppresses the innate immune response via induction of atypical N+foci. We think that this is a critical strategy for viral pathogenesis and has potential therapeutic implications.
Optimizing Blood Culture Collection Volumes
Authors: Smith Leslie , Ali-Napo Ruth , Ben-Zeev Deborah , Olawuyi Justina 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Infection in an immunocompromised person can be a life-threatening emergency. Collection of blood culture specimens is an important method for detecting organisms when infection is suspected. One aspect of proper blood culture collection is obtaining an accurate blood volume in the sample in accordance with the blood culture bottle manufacturer's recommendation. Underfilling the culture bottle can lead to false-negative results, while overfilling it can lead to false-positive results. At our institution, the Department of Laboratory Medicine (DLM) routinely monitors blood culture bottle volumes and notifies the nursing department of underfill/overfill events, which the department then reviews. Over several years, the DLM and the nursing department noted an increase in these events. A clinical nurse specialist and three staff nurses in the oncology/critical care services area partnered with the DLM to determine why. Upon investigation, two key issues—imprecise weighing of bottles and staff misunderstanding of the proper blood culture collection technique—were discovered. In response, the nursing standard of practice and guidance on the DLM webpage were updated and nursing education was performed. As a result, underfill/overfill events decreased by 71% in a little over a year.
Target-controlled Infusion of Remimazolam in Healthy Volunteers Shows Some Acute Tolerance
Authors: Vellinga Remco , Koomen Jeroen V. , Eleveld Douglas J. , Stöhr Thomas , Pesic Marija , Struys Michel M. R. F. , Colin Pieter J. 
Published: October 2023

Background
Remimazolam exhibits sedative properties by binding to γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. Remimazolam is administered as a bolus dose or continuous infusion, but has not been studied using target-controlled infusion (TCI). The study quantified the relationship between the remimazolam concentration, Modified Observer’s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAAS) score, and bispectral index (BIS) using TCI.

Methods
The authors performed a three-period, crossover, dose-ranging clinical trial in 24 healthy volunteers using age and sex stratification. Data collected in the first period, where remimazolam was administered alone using a step-up and step-down TCI protocol, were used for this analysis. Remimazolam concentrations, MOAAS scores, and BIS values were collected at each step at steady state. Data were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling methodology.

Results
The relationship between remimazolam, BIS, and MOAAS differed between step-up and step-down infusions at similar remimazolam target concentrations. Tolerance, driven by remimazolam or CNS7054, significantly improved overall model fit (P < 0.01) for both BIS and MOAAS models. After 30 min of repeated bolus dosing, mimicking the regimen in the label for procedural sedation, the BIS and probability of MOAAS 2/3 were predicted to be 54 (95% prediction interval, 44 to 67) and 2% (95% prediction interval, 0 to 32%) versus 58 (95% prediction interval, 48 to 70) and 8% (95% prediction interval, 0 to 36%) in a model without and with tolerance, respectively. After 60 min of continuous infusion, mimicking the regimen in the label for general anesthesia, the BIS and probability of MOAAS 0 were predicted to be 40 (95% prediction interval, 33 to 50) and 87% (95% prediction interval, 18 to 100%) versus 50 (95% prediction interval, 41 to 60) and 59% (95% prediction interval, 6 to 99%) in a model without and with tolerance, respectively.

Conclusions
In this study, it was shown that remimazolam-induced sedation is prone to tolerance development, which is potentially mediated by the CNS7054 concentration. The clinical consequences are, however, limited in situations where remimazolam is titrated to effect.

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Fleur-de-lis Miniabdominoplasty Access in Radical Resection of a Large Abdominal Wall Desmoid Tumor
Authors: Chen Ching-En , Kao Yi-Chu , Ku Shi-Han 
Published: October 2023

Summary:
Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare benign soft tissue neoplasm that develops in the musculoaponeurotic structures, one-third of which involve the abdominal wall. Due to local aggressive infiltration of DT, the recurrence rate is approximately 45%–77%, according to the locations of the tumors, and 25%–50% for those with unclear surgical margins. Limited by adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, surgical excision is still the standard management recommended. Differing from traditional midline or abdominoplasty access, we applied a fleur-de-lis miniabdominoplasty access in a 37-year-old woman who had primary abdominal wall DT with less than 1 cm depth from the umbilicus. The approach not only provides a better surgical field for radical tumor excision but also eliminates redundant skin and dog-ear formation at bilateral flanks. An appropriate surgical margin could be processed simultaneously when the tumor was close to the skin surface. After abdominal wall reconstruction, the postoperative course was uneventful, and no DT recurrence or incisional hernia was noted during the follow-up. The patient was satisfied with the tumor treatment and aesthetic outcome.
Manual Superficial Keratectomy Is the First Choice Treatment for Salzmann Nodular Degeneration
Authors: Scorsetti M. Micaela , Eguiza V. Sergio , Durán Juan A. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to describe the optical and topographic changes after manual superficial keratectomy (MSK) for Salzmann nodular degeneration.

Methods:
This was a descriptive, retrospective study. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of Salzmann nodular degeneration were examined at the Cornea Service of the Instituto Clínico Quirúrgico de Oftalmología (ICQO), Bilbao, Spain, and treated with MSK after presenting ocular discomfort and/or decreased visual acuity. The clinical characteristics (including anterior segment optical coherence tomography and Pentacam topography), treatment regimens, surgical procedures, and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were constructed using mean ± SD, minimum, maximum, and median. The Shapiro–Wilk normality test was used. The Student t test was used to determine significance.

Results:
Ten eyes of 9 patients were included in this study: 6 patients (66.6%) were female and 3 were male (33.3%). The mean age was 62.2 years, and the follow-up time was between 5 and 21 months. The best-corrected visual acuity before MSK was 0.20 LogMAR (median) and improved to 0.10 after the surgical procedure. The mean spherical equivalent was reduced from −0.23 ± 3.39 D preoperatively to −1.3 ± 3.0 D postoperatively. Astigmatism decreased between 0.5 and 3.75 D. Topographic irregularity normalized total root mean square from 11,596.4 ± 6854.01 to 4817.2 ± 2725.68 μm.

Conclusions:
MSK is an effective and safe technique for the treatment of Salzmann nodular degeneration when the Bowman layer is preserved. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and corneal topography are essential tools for the surgical plan and for the detection of corneal aberrations.
Early referrals save lives in advanced heart failure
Authors: Wu Yu , Nam Yuri , Yurkova Irina , Rich Angel , Gao Lina 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, progressive medical condition that can quickly cause deterioration of the patient's medical and functional status. Delay of HF diagnosis and improper treatment can lead to catastrophic patient outcomes. This case report describes a 62-year-old with HF with reduced ejection fraction secondary to nonischemic cardiomyopathy, s/p cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator in 2020. He presented to the emergency department for worsening shortness of breath and chest pain for 3 days and subsequently had cardiac arrest. The patient eventually underwent a successful implantation of left ventricular assist device as a bridge to transplant. Timely referral yields a better patient outcome. This case study illustrates a clinical pathway that can be used by primary care providers when considering referral of a patient with advanced HF (AHF) to an AHF center for management and possible advanced therapies.
Brief Report: Dolutegravir Plasma Protein Binding and Unbound Concentrations During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Authors: Momper Jeremiah D. , Nikanjam Mina , Best Brookie M. , Mirochnick Mark , Capparelli Edmund V. , Cressey Tim R. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Clinical interpretation of the reduced dolutegravir (DTG) plasma concentrations reported during pregnancy is complicated by its high plasma protein binding. Plasma proteins significantly decrease during pregnancy, and understanding changes in DTG protein binding and its therapeutically active unbound concentrations are necessary to evaluate the impact of pregnancy changes on DTG pharmacokinetics.

Methods:
Retrospective assessment of plasma samples from pregnant women living with HIV enrolled in the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network P1026s study receiving 50 mg DTG film–coated tablets once daily as part of clinical care. Unbound and total DTG concentrations were determined predose (C0) and at maximum (Cmax) concentrations during the second trimester (2T), third trimester (3T), and postpartum (PP). Percentage unbound was calculated as the ratio of ultrafiltrate unbound DTG concentration to total DTG concentration.

Results:
Twenty-nine mothers were included for protein binding evaluations; 15, 27, and 23 from the 2T, 3T, and PP, respectively. DTG % unbound for C0 and Cmax were significantly different by stage of pregnancy, with 3T significantly higher compared with PP; 1.02% vs. 0.69% (P = 0.0067) for C0 and 0.76% vs. 0.46% for Cmax (P = 0.0056). Median (IQR) unbound concentrations for C0 were 6.3 (4.7–18.4) for the 2T, 8.0 (5.6–16.9) for the 3T, and 13.3 (8.4–22.7) ng/mL PP, significantly different between 2T and PP (P = 0.0039), but not different between 3T and PP (P = 0.46).

Conclusion:
Lower total DTG plasma concentrations during pregnancy coincide with temporal decreases in DTG protein binding, resulting in comparable unbound DTG concentrations during the 3T and PP.
Pontibacter kalidii sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Kalidium foliatum
Authors: Wang Hui-Nan , Jiang Ling , Osman Ghenijan , Chu Min , Gu Mei-Ying , Tang Qi-Yong , Zhu Yan-Lei , Zhu Jing , Zhang Zhi-Dong 
Published: October 2023

A Gram-negative, aerobic, gliding motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated XAAS-72T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Kalidium foliatum sampled in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China. Cells grew at 4–45 °C, pH 5.0–8.0 and 0–8% NaCl, with optimal growth at 20–30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0 and 1–2 % NaCl. Strain XAAS-72T is closely related to members of the genus

Pontibacter

, namely

Pontibacter korlensis

CCTCC AB 206081T (97.6%) and

Pontibacter flavimaris

ACCC 19859T (97.2 %), and <94.6 % related to other currently described

Pontibacter

strains. The average nucleotide identity values between XAAS-72T and

P. korlensis

CCTCC AB 206081T and

P. flavimaris

ACCC 19859T were 77.9 and 86.9 %, respectively; the corresponding digital DNA–DNA hybridization values were 21.7 and 31.8 %. Menaquinone-7 was the predominant respiratory menaquinone. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminophospholipids, two unidentified glycolipids and five unidentified lipids. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 4 (containing iso-C17 : 1 I/anteiso-C17 : 1 B), summed feature 3 (containing C16 : 1
ω7c/C16 : 1
ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. The genome length of strain XAAS-72T was 5 054 860 bp with a genomic DNA G+C content of 54.5 mol%. The phenotypic and genotypic data suggest that strain XAAS-72T represents a novel species of the genus

Pontibacter

, for which the name Pontibacter kalidii sp. nov. is proposed. The strain is XAAS-72T (CGMCC 16594T=KCTC 72095T).