bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical implementation and evaluation of deep learning-assisted automatic radiotherapy treatment planning for lung cancer
Authors: Wang Ningyu , Fan Jiawei , Xu Yingjie , Yan Lingling , Chen Deqi , Wang Wenqing , Men Kuo , Dai Jianrong , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical application and assessment of deep learning (DL)-assisted automatic radiotherapy planning for lung cancer patients.Materials and methods We developed a deep learning model for predicting patient-specific dose that was trained and validated on a dataset of 235 lung cancer patients, and the model was integrated into clinical workflow to assist planners in generating treatment plans. We retrospectively selected and recovered additional 50 clinically treated lung cancer patients’ manual volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with different target volumes and different treatment patterns. Subsequently, automatic plans were generated for each of these patients. Both automatic and manual plans were subsequently compared in terms of overall plan quality metric (PQM), target coverage and homogeneity, organ at risk (OAR) sparing, monitor units (MUs), and planning time. Additionally, qualitative reviews of automatic and manual plans were implemented by four expert reviewers to assess the clinical applicability of DL-assisted automatic plans.Results The average PQM score was 40.7 ± 13.1 for manual plans and 40.8 ± 13.5 for automatic plans, and they had equivalent overall plan quality. The targets coverage and homogeneity of the automatic plans were considered equivalent or superior when compared to manual plans. Both plans had their own advantages in OAR sparing, such as better sparing of lung for manual plans and better sparing of heart for automatic plans. It is worth to note that the average planning time of automatic plans was reduced from 103.1 ± 18.5 minutes to 32.6 ± 5.3 minutes (P<0.001) and the MUs were reduced from 789.9 ± 234.3 to 692.5 ± 210.7 (P<0.001). In qualitative evaluation, automatic plans were deemed to be clinically acceptable for treatment in 88% of reviews (176/200), and all were accepted after fine tuning. Most expert reviews indicated a preference for equivalence between automatic and manual plans when making their selection.Conclusion The DL-assisted lung cancer plans demonstrated comparable or superior quality to manual plans, improved planning and treatment efficiency, and significantly reduced planning time and MUs. It has the potential to enhance the workflow of radiotherapy departments, ultimately providing tangible benefit to lung cancer patients.
Risk Assessment of Equipment Research Project Costs Based on FAHP-CRITIC Combined Weights for 2D Cloud Models
Authors: Zhu Chen , Sun Shengxiang , Chen Tong , Zhong Qianghui , Liu Haobang , Li Jing , He Dubo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The development process of equipment research projects is fraught with uncertainties, making it challenging to provide an accurate and objective evaluation of their development costs. To enhance the accuracy of cost prediction for equipment research projects, it is essential to consider the cost risk level and conduct relevant research on cost risk assessment. This study proposes an improved two-dimensional cloud model that integrates qualitative concepts and quantitative data for researching equipment projects. An assessment index system is constructed with three primary indicators and twelve secondary indicators. The main factors affecting the cost are comprehensively considered. The probability of overspending and the degree of impact of overspending are taken as the basic variables for assessing each indicator according to the definition of cost risk. The study combined the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method with the Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation (CRITIC) method using the cooperative game method to determine the weights of each assessment indicator. Subsequently, a two-dimensional cloud model was established to obtain the cloud eigenvalues. A two-dimensional cloud diagram was drawn through MATLAB to initially determine the risk level, and the closeness was calculated to accurately determine the results. Finally, using a specific anti-mine system as an example, we verified the validity and feasibility of the model by comparing it with the traditional method. The results demonstrate that the improved two-dimensional cloud model can overcome the ambiguity and randomness of data in cost risk assessment and can provide a reference for other scientific research projects of the same type.
Non-invasive HER2 detection in ovarian and breast cancer xenografts with 99m Tc-(HE) 3 Z HER2:V2
Authors: Hu Xianwen , Hu Hongyu , Li Dandan , Wang Pan , Cai Jiong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To prepare a HER2 affibody molecular probe with high stability, high labeling yield, and easy radionuclide 99mTc labeling, we performed examinations on the biodistribution, determinated the bioactivity, conducted SPECT static imaging, and used other methods explore the potential of targeted HER2 receptor imaging of SKOV3 ovarian cancer and MDA-MB-361 breast cancer xenografts.
Methods
Affibody moleculars were produced by genetic recombination expression. The radiochemical purity of the 99mTc labeled HER2 affibody were identified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells and MDA-MB-361 breast cancer cells (HER2-positive) were subjected to evaluation of their affinity to HER2 by determining the equilibrium dissociation constants. The biodistribution of the 99mTc-labeled affibody molecular probe was then determined in Balb/c mice bearing SKOV3 tumors. Tumor targeting was assessed in the Balb/c mice using SKOV3, MDA-MB-361 and AT-3 (HER2-negative) xenografts.
Results
Affibody (HE)3ZHER2:V2 can be obtained by recombinant gene expression, which can be labeled with 99mTc and the radiolabeled molecular probe was identified by RP-HPLC to have a radiochemical purity of 96%. 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 using RP-HPLC analysis showed that the radiochemical purity was 96%. The biodistribution study revealed that 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 quickly bound to HER2-positive tumors after entering the circulatory system, and was cleared mainly through the urinary system. The HER2-positive SKOV3 and MDA-MB-361 nude mouse model was then subjected to single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging 1–3 hours after the administration of an intravenous injection of 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 through the tail vein, and the targeted uptake of the molecular probe by the tumor could be seen.
Conclusions
The molecular probe 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 that we prepared in this work can be used to target specifically HER2 for imaging of HER2 positive SKOV3 and MDA-MB-361 xenografts in vivo. It is cleared out from the blood quickly, with no obvious toxic side effects. Therefore, 99mTc-(HE)3ZHER2:V2 is a promising marker for the detection of HER2 expression in tumor cells.
Lime amendment to chronically acidified forest soils results in shifts in prokaryotic and fungal communities.
Authors: Hosmer Maggie , Wright Robyn , McCavour Caitlin , Keys Kevin , Sterling Shannon , Langille Morgan , Rohde John 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A consequence of past acid rain events has been chronic acidification of both Nova Scotian forests and watersheds, leading to a loss of essential nutrients and subsequently to decreased forest productivity and biodiversity. Liming – supplementing forests with crushed rock (dolomite, limestone, or basalt) – can restore essential nutrients to acidified soils as well as increasing the pH of the soils and the carbon capture by forests by promotion of tree growth. The effectiveness of liming treatments have often been assessed biologically through tree growth measurements, but microorganisms respond rapidly to changes in pH and nutrient availability, and would potentially provide early insights into forest recovery. However, the impact of liming on the soil microbiome is not well understood; understanding the impacts of liming on a micro as well as a macro level will help to determine whether liming is a good remediation strategy for Nova Scotia. A pilot study evaluating liming in acidified forests in Nova Scotia began in 2017. Microbiome analyses (prokaryotic 16S rRNA and fungal ITS2 gene amplicon sequencing) of three different depths (horizons) of soil show significant differences between lime-treated and control soils for the prokaryotic but not fungal communities, particularly in the uppermost soil horizon sampled. Notably, several genera, particularly from the Bacteroidia class, were significantly more abundant in treated than control soils in both upper soil horizons. The impacts of liming treatment were smaller in the deepest soil horizon sampled, suggesting that lime amendment either takes longer to reach these depths, or has little impact on these microbial communities. Future studies that investigate the functional capacity of these microbial communities and longitudinal follow-ups are warranted.
A Five-Year Survival Analysis of Breast Cancer Patients Post-Mastectomy at Muhimbili National Hospital
Authors: Mghase Adelaida , Brighton Meshack , Moshiro Candida , Kweka Walter , Mbembati Naboth 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
In 2018, breast cancer, the leading malignancy in women, had nearly two million global diagnoses. While still a major cause of female fatalities, recent years have seen improved outlooks, with 5-year survival rates at 90% and 10-year survival at 80%. Western nations excel in early detection and personalized treatments. However, the increasing number of survivors necessitates focused strategies for post-treatment effects. This study focuses on addressing survivorship concerns in Tanzania by advocating for a comprehensive approach. The primary objective was to evaluate the five-year survival rates of patients undergoing mastectomy procedures.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study in Dar es Salaam gathered data from 337 patient files at Muhimbili National Hospital and records from the Ocean Road Cancer Institute. All patient records were included, regardless of co-morbidities, performance status, breast cancer details, and treatment methods. Five-year survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival factors were analyzed with the Cox proportional hazards mode.
Results
Out of 337 mastectomy patients, 139 (41.2%) were aged 46–60. Overall, the five-year survival for 204 stage II and III patients, excluding stage IV cases, was 66% (95% CI = 54–75%). Stage II had an 84% survival rate, while stage III had 65%. The common surgeries were modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and total mastectomy. The main adjuvant therapies were chemotherapy (43.4%), hormonal therapy (36.0%), and radiotherapy (18.5%). Age, grade, and disease stage significantly predicted post-mastectomy breast cancer survival.
Conclusion
High survival rates are seen in early-stage breast cancer. Patient age and tumor grade impact survival. Common surgeries included MRM and total mastectomy, followed by various adjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy, hormonal treatment, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy.
Effects of Strip Intercropping of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) with Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Yield and Yield Advantage
Authors: Wegari Adisu , Girma Sintayehu , Gamachu Alamisa , Kasim Ibrahim 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
There are several advantages to intercropping over mono-cropping production. Therefore, intercropping approaches need to be investigated in greater depth. In order to evaluate the yield advantage, nutrient use efficiency, etc., of strip intercropping, researchers have proposed an intercropping approach that is based on systematic evaluation. Due to these advantages, intercropping is common throughout the world, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted at Mechara Agriculture Research center during 2016 to 2022 to evaluate the effect of strip intercropping ratios of coffee with groundnut on the yield of both crops and to determine economically optimum coffee to groundnut strip intercropping ratio for the study area. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Coffee variety (Arusa) and Babble-1 groundnut variety were used. In the experiment, five treatments were applied: sole coffee, sole groundnut, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 ratios of coffee with groundnut. Regarding strip intercropping treatments, numerically the highest and lowest clean coffee yield was recorded at 1C (1coffee):3G (3goundnut) (9.79 * 100kg ha-1) and 1C (coffee): 2G (2groundnu) (8.53*100 kg ha-1) treatments. In coffee-groundnut strip intercropping, the highest land equivalent ratio was recorded at 1C (1coffee):3G (3goundnut) (1.68) closely followed by 1C (coffee): 2G (2groundnu) (1.43), and 1C (1coffee):1G (1groundnut) (1.39), which provides a relative yield advantage of 39 to 68%. As a result, the highest total LER indicates that strip intercropping with groundnut at 1C (1coffee):3G (3goundnut) ratio yields the highest yield and yield profit to farmers.
Oxidative Stress Index and Peripheral Biomarkers for Schizophrenia: A Revisited Approach.
Authors: Wasti Afshan Zeeshan , Jabeen Farah , Rasheed Shahana , Shah Nayab , Khan Dania , Zehra Zartaj , Aziz Farah , Riaz Aliya , Ahmed Sana , Ahmed Nikhat , Memon Anjuman Gul 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims: Mental health issuesremain challenging due to the current diagnostic criteria based on traditional approaches. Misdiagnosis in Schizophrenia is common for various reasons, including inconsistent knowledge about the patient's history, unstable and overlapping symptoms, and lack of experienced professionals. Oxidative stress or redox dysregulation and inflammation implicate behavioral alterations in Schizophrenia. This study aims to evaluate the role of peripheral biomarkers, particularly oxidants/antioxidants, and inflammatory markers, and their potential correlations with oxidative stress index (OSI) in Schizophrenia.
Methods: Multiple approaches were considered to measure serum lipid profile, leukocyte indices, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Inflammatory markers, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), total antioxidant/oxidant status (TAS/TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in both schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals (n=50 each group) by using standardized statistical methods.
Results: Our results further validate the involvement of oxidative stress in Schizophrenia and suggest the applicability of the oxidative stress index as a biomarker with restraint, potentially yielding a more accurate diagnosis of Schizophrenia.
Conclusion: Oxidative stress and inflammation play complementary roles, especially in Schizophrenia. The oxidative stress index may be a potential tool for more accurately diagnosing Schizophrenia and other related parameters. Further studies must confirm these findings, particularly future research with a larger sample size.
Perinatal Risk Factors of Cardiovascular-Renal Outcome in former Extremely Low Birth Weight neonates
Authors: Colleman Marieke , Staessen Jan A. , Allegaert Karel , Raaijmakers Anke 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Former Extremely Low Birthweight (ELBW) neonates suffer from adverse renal and cardiovascular outcomes later in life. Less is known about additional perinatal risk factors and their similarity for these adverse outcomes.
Methods
We compared cardiovascular-renal outcome between ELBW children and controls, to find perinatal risk factors for poorer renal and cardiovascular outcome and to unveil associations between kidney function and blood pressure. This study included 93 ELBW children and 87 healthy controls. We measured cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and blood pressure. Blood pressure and eGFR levels were compared between cases and controls. We subsequently investigated perinatal risk factors for adverse outcome amongst ELBW children.
Results
ELBW children have significantly higher blood pressure and lower eGFR. Elevated blood pressure did not correlate with perinatal characteristics. ELBW children with eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73m2 were ventilated longer (17 vs. 9 days, p = 0.006), more frequently male (OR = 3.33, p = 0.055) and tended to suffer more from intraventricular hemorrhage (40% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.056). There was no association between blood pressure and kidney dysfunction.
Conclusions
Understanding risk profiles for unfavorable outcomes may help to identify children at increased risk for kidney or cardiac dysfunction. These risk profiles could be different for renal and cardiovascular outcome. Poorer eGFR was associated with longer ventilation, male sex, and intra-ventricular hemorrhage. This knowledge can lead to safer neonatal therapeutic regimens for ELBW infants, a more intensive follow-up and earlier treatment initiation for children at highest risk.
Sustainable development between sports facilities and ecological environment based on the dual carbon background
Authors: Zheng Lin-Hong , Guo Shu-Ting , Feng Xiao-Wei , Xu Yue-Yun , Nor Mohammad Nazri Mohd , Abidin Nor Eeza Zainal 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

This paper presents data on the sports facilitiesand ecological environment of nine prefecture-level cities in China, during 2013–2020, in the context of China's "Dual Carbon" strategy. It analyzes the temporal representation of the coupling coordination evolution of sports facilities and ecological environment in Fujian Province using the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree model. Additionally, it constructs an index system for evaluating sports facilities and the ecological environment, using a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach, such as economics, sociology, and geography. The results shows that that the coupling coordination between sports facilities and the ecological environment in China exhibits regional development imbalances and gradually evolving towards a highly coupling coordinated quality type. In addition, population and economy as influencing factors have a clear positive effect on the degree of coupling coordination. This paper also provides several recommendations to develop in a more orderly and optimal direction based on the different characteristics of sports facilities and ecological environment.
A Severe and Chronic Socio-Economic Crisis with no End in Sight, How Much Can Lebanese People Take?
Authors: Saade Sabine , Parent-Lamarche Annick , Feghali Laetitia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
People in Lebanon have been facing what has been dubbed one of the most severe socio-economic crises since the 21st century. Over the past few years, suicide rates have spiked, fueled by deteriorating working and living conditions. Research conducted on the mental health of populations residing in low-income countries is meager. Amongst these countries, very little research has examined the repercussions of a severe socio-economic crisis on Lebanese people's mental health.
Methods
For the purpose of this study, we conducted a multiple regression analysis. The multiple regression analysis allowed us to verify the association between several independent variables (work-related, macro-economic variables, life stressors and family income) and our dependent variables (stress and psychological distress). We also ran mediation analysis to examine the indirect role our variables could play on psychological distress via their effect on stress.
Results
Through a community sample of workers, lack of access to electricity due to the crisis was found to be associated with stress. Similarly, stress related to the crisis, deteriorating working conditions, job insecurity, lack of internet access, and other life stressors were also found to be associated with a higher level of psychological distress. Higher family income and recognition at work seemed to be associated with a lower level of psychological distress. Lastly, lack of access to electricity seemed to be positively associated with psychological distress via stress related to the socio-economic crisis.
Conclusion
The impact of the current situation could have broad implications for a large number of low-income countries.
Comparison of efficacy between beractant and poractant-alfa in respiratory distress syndrome among preterm infants (28-33+6 weeks gestational age) using the less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) technique: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: saha Bijan , Zamal Ashadur , Sk Md Habibullah , Hazra Avijit 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective: Exogenous surfactant therapy is vital in managing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants, with less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) gaining popularity. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and short-term outcomes of LISA using beractant and poractant alfa.
Study Design: In a randomized controlled trial , we enrolled preterm infants (28-33+6 weeks) with RDS requiring surfactant. LISA was employed, with beractant at 100 mg/kg or poractant-alfa at 200 mg/kg. Primary outcome was the need for intubation within 72 hours.
Results: Among 120 infants, 3.3% in both groups required intubation within 72 hours (p value 1.00, 95% CI 0.14 - 6.86). No significant differences in secondary outcomes were noted, except a trend towards increased necrotizing enterocolitis with beractant . Beractant was significantly more economical.
Conclusion: Beractant and poractant-alfa exhibit similar efficacy in LISA for preterm infants with RDS. Economic considerations, especially in LMICs, favour beractant.
The trial is registered in the clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2023/03/050375).
Fiscal Policy as a Tool for Gender Equity in El Salvador
Authors: Robayo-Abril Monica , Tribin Ana Maria , Oliva Jose Andres 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes fiscal incidence in El Salvador through a gender lens using the Commitment to Equity model. The study aims to identify fiscal policies that promote gender equality and facilitates evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at reducing gender disparities and promoting more inclusive fiscal policies. The analysis shows that fiscal policy is not pro-poor, as it can lead to a 3.1 percentage point increase in overall poverty using the US$6.85 2017 purchasing power parity poverty line, disproportionately impacting particular groups. Households headed by single women with at least one child under six years old experience a poverty rate increase of 4.3 percentage points, reaching an alarming rate of 42.7 percent. An increasing gender gap in poverty rates is also observed among households where women are the sole providers. The results show that the net fiscal system can increase the incidence of poverty among this group by 4.3 percentage points. In comparison, it increases by only 2.3 percentage points among their male counterparts. A microsimulation exercise of potential fiscal reforms to improve the welfare position of these households reveals that a fiscal package eliminating indirect subsidies, social security exemptions for vulnerable groups, and conditional cash transfers to households that meet certain conditions could reverse these unfavorable outcomes.
JEL classification: H22, I38, D31