bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sono‐Activatable Semiconducting Polymer Nanoreshapers Multiply Remodel Tumor Microenvironment for Potent Immunotherapy of Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Li Meng , Liu Yue , Zhang Yijing , Yu Ningyue , Li Jingchao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the complicated tumor microenvironment that compromises the efficacies of various therapies, the effective treatment of pancreatic cancer remains a big challenge. Sono‐activatable semiconducting polymer nanoreshapers (SPNDNH) are constructed to multiply remodel tumor microenvironment of orthotopic pancreatic cancer for potent immunotherapy. SPNDNH contain a semiconducting polymer, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor (NLG919), which are encapsulated by singlet oxygen (1O2)‐responsive shells with modification of hyaluronidase (HAase). After accumulation in orthotopic pancreatic tumor sites, SPNDNH degrade the major content of tumor microenvironment hyaluronic acid to promote nanoparticle enrichment and immune cell infiltration, and also release H2S to relieve tumor hypoxia via inhibiting mitochondrion functions. Moreover, the relieved hypoxia enables amplified sonodynamic therapy (SDT) under ultrasound (US) irradiation with generation of 1O2, which leads to immunogenic cell death (ICD) and destruction of 1O2‐responsive components to realize sono‐activatable NLG919 release for reversing IDO‐based immunosuppression. Through such a multiple remodeling mechanism, a potent antitumor immunological effect is triggered after SPNDNH‐based treatment. Therefore, the growths of orthotopic pancreatic tumors in mouse models are almost inhibited and tumor metastases are effectively restricted. This study offers a sono‐activatable nanoplatform to multiply remodel tumor microenvironment for effective and precise immunotherapy of deep‐tissue orthotopic tumors.
Thermal‐Assisted Multiscale Patterning of Nonplanar Colloidal Nanostructures for Multi‐Modal Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Su Dan , Wu Wei‐Long , Sun Pan‐Qin , Yuan Yu‐Chen , Chen Ze‐Xian , Zhu Yun‐Feng , Bi Kai‐Yu , Zhou Huan‐Li , Zhang Tong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNanotransfer printing of colloidal nanoparticles is a promising technique for the fabrication of functional materials and devices. However, patterning nonplanar nanostructures pose a challenge due to weak adhesion from the extremely small nanostructure‐substrate contact area. Here, the study proposes a thermal‐assisted nonplanar nanostructure transfer printing (NP‐NTP) strategy for multiscale patterning of polystyrene (PS) nanospheres. The printing efficiency is significantly improved from ≈3.1% at low temperatures to ≈97.2% under the glass transition temperature of PS. Additionally, the arrangement of PS nanospheres transitioned from disorder to long‐range order. The mechanism of printing efficiency enhancement is the drastic drop of Young's modulus of nanospheres, giving rise to an increased contact area, self‐adhesive effect, and inter‐particle necking. To demonstrate the versatility of the NP‐NTP strategy, it is combined with the intaglio transfer printing technique, and multiple patterns are created at both micro and macro scales at a 4‐inch scale with a resolution of ≈2757 pixels per inch (PPI). Furthermore, a multi‐modal anti‐counterfeiting concept based on structural patterns at hierarchical length scales is proposed, providing a new paradigm of imparting multiscale nanostructure patterning into macroscale functional devices.
Photoinduced Negative Differential Resistivity and Gunn Oscillations in SrTiO3
Authors: Soleimany Mehrzad , Alexe Marin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSrTiO3, a perovskite oxide, holds significant potential for application in the field of oxide electronics. Notably, its photoelectric activity in the low temperature regime, which overlaps with the quantum paraelectric state, exhibits remarkable characteristics. In this study, it is demonstrated that when photo‐excited with above band gap energy photons, SrTiO3 exhibits non‐linear transport of photocarriers and voltage‐controlled negative resistance, resulting from an intervalley transfer of photo‐induced electrons. As a consequence of the negative resistance, the photocurrent becomes unstable and spontaneously gives rise to low frequency Gunn‐like oscillations.
Reducing the Ir−O Coordination Number in Anodic Catalysts based on IrOx Nanoparticles towards Enhanced Proton‐exchange‐membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Gao Hongmei , Xiao Zhaohui , Du Shiqian , Liu Tianyang , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Shi Jianqiao , Zhu Yanwei , Huang Gen , Zhou Bo , He Yongmin , Dong Chung‐Li , Li Yafei , Chen Ru , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to the robust oxidation conditions in strong acid oxygen evolution reaction (OER), developing an OER electrocatalyst with high efficiency remains challenging in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer. Recent theoretical research suggested that reducing the coordination number of Ir−O is feasible to reduce the energy barrier of the rate‐determination step, potentially accelerating the OER. Inspired by this, we experimentally verified the Ir−O coordination number's role at model catalysts, then synthesized low‐coordinated IrOx nanoparticles toward a durable PEM water electrolyzer. We first conducted model studies on commercial rutile‐IrO2 using plasma‐based defect engineering. The combined in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analysis and computational studies clarify why the decreased coordination numbers increase catalytic activity. Next, under the model studies’ guidelines, we explored a low‐coordinated Ir‐based catalyst with a lower overpotential of 231 mV@10 mA cm−2 accompanied by long durability (100 h) in an acidic OER. Finally, the assembled PEM water electrolyzer delivers a low voltage (1.72 V@1 A cm−2) as well as excellent stability exceeding 1200 h (@1 A cm−2) without obvious decay. This work provides a unique insight into the role of coordination numbers, paving the way for designing Ir‐based catalysts for PEM water electrolyzers.
Surface modification of calcium carbonate by thiol‐ene click reaction and its effect on the performance of PVC composite
Authors: Sun Xiaofei , Zhang Mucun , Zhang Haiqi , Liu Hongming , Xu Shiai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDisposable PVC gloves are cost effective, but their mechanical properties can be compromised at extremely high concentrations of plasticizers. The tensile properties of PVC gloves can be improved by incorporating modified fillers into the PVC matrix. In this research, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was functionalized with γ‐methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane (KH‐570) and then further modified through a click reaction with n‐Octadecyl mercaptan. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy have confirmed that n‐Octadecyl mercaptan‐modified KH‐570 was successfully grafted onto the surface of CaCO3. Composite films were manufactured by blending either pristine CaCO3 or modified CaCO3 with PVC resin paste and their tensile properties, light transmission, moisture permeability, and solvent resistance were evaluated. Compared with CaCO3/PVC and KH‐570‐modified CaCO3/PVC composite films, n‐Octadecyl mercaptan‐modified CaCO3/PVC composite films showed higher light transmittance, lower moisture permeability, and higher tensile properties. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that these films had low glass transition temperatures, thus broadening their applicability to low‐temperature conditions.
Nano graphene porous/conductive polymer as a composite material for energy storage in supercapacitors
Authors: Pahlavani Hossein , Shayeh Javad Shabani , Nouralishahi Amideddin , Paroushi Maryam Sharifi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis research studies the improving effects of graphene porous (GP) on the supercapacitive performance of a polyaniline/graphene porous (PANI/GP) nanocomposite. GP nanosheets were synthesized via chemical vapor deposition, and PANI/GP was electrochemically composited through successive cyclic voltammetry. The samples were characterized by fast Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectrometry (EDS) techniques. Porous GP nanosheets were uniformly dispersed in the composite structure. Furthermore, the electrochemical performances of the synthesized samples were compared using galvanostatic charge/discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Incorporating GP into the PANI significantly increased specific capacitance from 276 (in PANI) to 577 F/g (in PANI/GP). The electrochemical stability of electrodes was compared during 1000 successive charge/discharge cycles. After 1000 cycles, PANI/GP kept 90% of its initial capacitance, and only 25% of the charge storage capacitance of bare PANI remained.
Strength Training Is Associated With Less Knee Osteoarthritis: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Lo Grace H. , Richard Michael J. , McAlindon Timothy E. , Kriska Andrea M. , Price Lori Lyn , Rockette‐Wagner Bonny , Eaton Charles B. , Hochberg Marc C. , Kwoh C. Kent , Nevitt Michael C. , Driban Jeffrey B. 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the relationship of a history of strength training with symptomatic and structural outcomes of knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThis study was a retrospective, cross‐sectional study within the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a multicenter prospective longitudinal observational study. Data were collected at four OAI clinical sites: Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, the Ohio State University, the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Maryland/Johns Hopkins. The study included 2,607 participants with complete data on strength training, knee pain, and radiographic evidence of knee OA (male, 44.2%; mean ± SD age 64.3 ± 9.0 years; mean ± SD body mass index 28.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2). We used a self‐administered questionnaire at the 96‐month OAI visit to evaluate the exposure of strength training participation during four time periods throughout a participant's lifetime (ages 12–18, 19–34, 35–49, and ≥50 years old). The outcomes (dependent variables) were radiographic OA (ROA), symptomatic radiographic OA (SOA), and frequent knee pain.ResultsThe fully adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for frequent knee pain, ROA, and SOA among those who participated in strength training any time in their lives were 0.82 (0.68–0.97), 0.83 (0.70–0.99), and 0.77 (0.63–0.94), respectively. Findings were similar when looking at the specific age ranges.ConclusionStrength training is beneficial for future knee health, counteracting long‐held assumptions that strength training has adverse effects.
GO‐enhanced Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gu Caiting , Liu Zhiyuan , Zhong Xin , Gao Yuan , Zhao Jingwen , Shi Fengwei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) assembled with gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) have gained great popularity due to their low cost and safety. Nevertheless, the extensive utilization of GPE based AZIBs is hindered by various challenges, such as inadequate conductivity, limited mechanical strength, and unstable electrochemical properties. Herein, through the multiple cross‐linking reaction of sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and graphene oxide (GO), a hydrated GPE with high conductivity and excellent mechanical property was prepared. GO formed strong hydrogen‐bonding interaction with polymers to build a three‐dimensional network structure for ion migration and improved the mechanical property of GPE. The prepared GPE showed high ionic conductivity of 2.89×10−3 S cm−1 and excellent tensile strength of 900 kPa. In addition, the assembled Zn−Li hybrid battery provided a discharge specific capacity retention rate of 67.6 % and a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of approximate 100 % after 1000 cycles at 1 C.
Bauwerksprüfung nach DIN 1076
Authors: Marzahn Gero , Anwander Klement , Mertens Martin , Morgenthal Guido , Pinnel René 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVor dem Hintergrund eines älter werdenden Bauwerksbestands und eines weiterhin zunehmenden Verkehrs auf den Straßen sowohl in Frequenz als auch im Fahrzeuggewicht kommt der Aufgabe der Bauwerksprüfung eine immer größere Bedeutung zu. Die Bauwerksprüfung dient nicht nur der Qualitätssicherung der Bauwerkserhaltung und dem Substanzerhalt, sondern ist ein wesentlicher Baustein in der Sicherheitsphilosophie der Bauwerke. Zur Gewährleistung der Sicherheit von Ingenieurbauwerken werden daher in regelmäßigen Abständen Bauwerksprüfungen nach DIN 1076 durchgeführt. Während der Bauwerksprüfingenieur hierbei federführend agiert, kann ihm moderne und fortgeschrittene Prüftechnik eine Hilfestellung bieten, die zum Teil aber den Regelungsinhalt von DIN 1076 überschreitet. Dies war Anlass, die Norm zu überarbeiten und hinsichtlich neuer Methoden und Techniken zu öffnen. Über Inhalte und neue Themen soll berichtet werden.
Effects of exposure to alternating low‐intensity, intermediate‐frequency electric fields on the differentiation of human leukemic cell line U937
Authors: Mamaghaniyeh Rayehe , Zandieh Amirali , Goliaei Bahram , Nezamtaheri Maryam S. , Shariatpanahi Seyed P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudying the bioeffects of electric fields have been the subject of ongoing research which led to promising therapeutic effect, particularly in cancer treatment. Here, we investigated the impact of low‐intensity, intermediate‐frequency alternating electric fields on the differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell line U937. The results showed a near twofold increase in differentiation of U937 cells treated for 24 h by alternating 600 kHz, 150 V/m electric fields, in comparison to their control groups. This measure was evaluated by latex bead phagocytosis assay, nitro blue tetrazolium test, and cell cycle analysis which revealed a significant shift in the number of cells from G2+M to G0+G1 phases. The simulation result for the intracellular field intensity showed around 50% attenuation with respect to the applied external field for our setup which ruled out masking of the applied field by the internal electric noise of the cell. Based on previous studies we postulate a possible calcium‐related effect for the observed differentiation, yet the exact underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Finally, our results may offer a potential therapeutic method for leukemia in the future.
Introducing AI applications in engineering education (PBL): An implementation of power generation at minimum wind velocity and turbine faults classification using AI
Authors: Khan Talha Ahmed , Alam Muhammad , Rizvi Safdar Ali , Shahid Zeeshan , Mazliham M. S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) applications into project‐based learning (PBL) education as a means to enhance students' education. Specifically, the implementation of AI in the context of power generation is addressed, focusing on achieving power generation at minimum wind velocity and classifying turbine faults using AI techniques. The researchers have proposed a novel generating unit which is going to generate 1 KW of electric power at a specific flow rate of air and the generated power will be stored in the battery bank through the charge controller and then the load is driven from the battery through an inverter. Iron or core losses (Hysteresis, Eddy Current losses) can be acknowledged as one of the major reasons for the inefficiency of conventional generators, therefore anovel coreless model generator was proposed which also improved efficiency and reduces drag. Wind Turbine prototype was fabricated and deployed for the testing and validation of the proposed novel design. The design produced outstanding power ratings and electrical generation characteristics compared with other existing strategies at minimal air flow. Results proved that the proposed coreless axial flux generator has the capability to produce a better power rating compared with the existing wind turbine generators. Proposed Axial flux achieved 10.73 watt power at wind velocity at around 80 rpm. At a wind velocity of 10 m/s and around 800 rpm 313–330 kwh was produced by the proposed generator while the conventional generator produced around 300 kwh. The proposed generator design performed 35% better in terms of production efficiency under load and no load conditions. Moreover, faults in turbines are very common due to the various temperatures, therefore the faults have been classified using state‐of‐the‐art AI‐based classifiers. A comparison of space vector modulation (SVM) and Naive Bayes classifiers was performed in the study to classify wind turbine faults. It was found that both classifiers performed well in achieving high accuracy. SVM achieved a slightly higher accuracy of 0.9861 compared with Naive Bayes, which achieved an accuracy of 0.967. Based on the results, it can be inferred that SVM may be a more suitable classifier for wind turbine fault classification. The case study results demonstrated the potential of AI applications in PBL education, offering students a multidisciplinary learning experience that enhances their technical knowledge, problem‐solving skills, and teamwork abilities.
Assessment of the Binding of Pseudallecin A to Human Serum Albumin with Multi‐Spectroscopic Analysis, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Li Ziyang , Chen Ruolan , Qin Chan , Lu Peijun , Lin Jiaru , Zheng Wenxu , Xiong Yahong , Li Chunyuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe binding of pseudallecin A (PA), a potential antibiotic with strong inhibitory activities against Gram‐positive Escherichia coli and Gram‐negative Staphylococcus aureus, to human serum albumin (HSA) was explored. The interaction between them was assessed by multi‐spectroscopic analysis, binding site competitive analysis, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation, showing the results as follows: PA effectively quenched the innate fluorescence of HSA by a static quenching process, formed a complex at a molar ratio of approximately 1 : 1 and performed an effective non‐radiative energy transfer; the binding of PA to HSA was a spontaneous exothermic reaction driven by enthalpy with strong affinity and had a slight effect on the conformation of HSA; PA bound at site III of HSA and hydrogen bonds were the major binding forces to maintain the stability of the PA‐HSA complex. Molecular dynamic simulation was performed to calculate the root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) and radius of gyration (Rg) for this complex and effectively supported the spectroscopic outcome. These results meant that the delivery and distribution of PA as a water‐insoluble molecule can be efficiently accomplished via HSA in human blood and, it has a good potential for future drug application and pharmacological development.
Intracoronary imaging guided percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes among individuals with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed O. , Kinnaird Tim , Rab Syed Tanveer , Zaman Sarah , Banerjee Amitava , Sirker Alex , Mintz Gary , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimited data exist around the utility of intracoronary imaging (ICI) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and cardiogenic shock (CS), who are inherently at a high risk of stent thrombosis (ST).MethodsAll PCI procedures for ACS patients with CS in England and Wales between 2014 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed, stratified into two groups: ICI and angiography‐guided groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to examine odds ratios (OR) of in‐hospital outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE; composite of all‐cause mortality, acute stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA), and reinfarction) and major bleeding, in the ICI‐guided group compared with angiography‐guided PCI.ResultsOf 15,738 PCI procedures, 1240(7.9%) were ICI‐guided. The rate of ICI use amongst those with CS more than doubled from 2014 (5.7%) to 2020 (13.3%). The ICI‐guided group were predominantly younger, males, with a higher proportion of non‐ST‐elevation ACS and ST. MACCE was significantly lower in the ICI‐guided group compared with the angiography‐guided group (crude: 29.8% vs. 38.2%, adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.65 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–0.76), driven by lower all‐cause mortality (28.6% vs. 37.0%, OR 0.65 95% CI 0.55–0.75). There were no differences in other secondary outcomes between groups.ConclusionICI use among CS patients has more than doubled over 6 years but remains significantly under‐utilized, with less than 1‐in‐6 patients in receipt of ICI‐guided PCI by 2020. ICI‐guided PCI is associated with prognostic benefits in CS patients and should be more frequently utilized to increase their long‐term survival.
Utility of rapid atrial pacing before and after transcatheter aortic valve replacement to predict permanent pacemaker implantation: A valuable piece of the puzzle?
Authors: Velagapudi Poonam , Turagam Mohit K. 
Published: October 2023

Key Points
In patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a balloon‐expandable valve, there were no statistically significant differences in permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation rates at 30 days between patients with and without rapid atrial pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach.
Rapid atrial pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach may signal potential conduction disturbances but is not an independent predictor of PPM after TAVR.
A large prospective study is warranted to further evaluate whether rapid atrial‐pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach improves risk stratification regarding the need for PPM after TAVR.
The evolution and revolution of drug coated balloons in coronary angioplasty: An up‐to‐date review of literature data
Authors: Cortese Bernardo , Kalkat Harkaran , Bathia Gurbir , Basavarajaiah Sandeep 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEuropean Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines gave class I A indication for use of DCB in in‐stent restenosis. However, no indication exists for the usage of DCB in de novo lesions. Although the current generation DES offer excellent results, as we embark more complex lesions such as calcified lesion and chronic total occlusion, restenosis and stent thrombosis are higher and tend to increase within the years. There is increasing desire to leave nothing behind to abolish the risk of restenosis and stent thrombosis and hence the absorbable scaffolds were introduced, but with disappointing results. In addition, they take several years to be absorbed. Drug coated balloons offer an alternative to stents with no permanent implant of metal or polymer. They are already in use in in Europe and Asia and they have been approved for the first time in the United States for clinical trials specifically for restenotic lesions. There is emerging data in de novo lesions which have shown that DCB are noninferior and in some studies maybe even superior to current generation DES especially in small vessels. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on this expanding technology focussing on the evidence in both re‐stenotic and de novo lesions.