bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planned Geological Investigations of the Europa Clipper Mission
Authors: Daubar I. J. , Hayes A. G. , Collins G. C. , Craft K. L. , Rathbun J. A. , Spencer J. R. , Wyrick D. Y. , Bland M. T. , Davies A. G. , Ernst C. M. , Howell S. M. , Leonard E. J. , McEwen A. S. , Moore J. M. , Phillips C. B. , Prockter L. M. , Quick L. C. , Scully J. E. C. , Soderblom J. M. , Brooks S. M. , Cable M. , Cameron M. E. , Chan K. , Chivers C. J. , Choukroun M. , Cochrane C. J. , Diniega S. , Dombard A. J. , Elder C. M. , Gerekos C. , Glein C. , Greathouse T. K. , Grima C. , Gudipati M. S. , Hand K. P. , Hansen C. , Hayne P. , Hedman M. , Hughson K. , Jia X. , Lawrence J. , Meyer H. M. , Miller K. , Parekh R. , Patterson G. W. , Persaud D. M. , Piqueux S. , Retherford K. D. , Scanlan K. M. , Schenk P. , Schmidt B. , Schroeder D. , Steinbrügge G. , Stern A. , Tobie G. , Withers P. , Young D. A. , Buratti B. , Korth H. , Senske D. , Pappalardo R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGeological investigations planned for the Europa Clipper mission will examine the formation, evolution, and expression of geomorphic structures found on the surface. Understanding geologic features, their formation, and any recent activity are key inputs in constraining Europa’s potential for habitability. In addition to providing information about the moon’s habitability, the geologic study of Europa is compelling in and of itself. Here we provide a high-level, cross-instrument, and cross-discipline overview of the geologic investigations planned within the Europa Clipper mission. Europa’s fascinating collection of ice-focused geology provides an unparalleled opportunity to investigate the dynamics of icy shells, ice-ocean exchange processes, and global-scale tectonic and tidal stresses. We present an overview of what is currently known about the geology of Europa, from global to local scales, highlighting outstanding issues and open questions, and detailing how the Europa Clipper mission will address them. We describe the mission’s strategy for searching for and characterizing current activity in the form of possible active plumes, thermal anomalies, evidence for surface changes, and extremely fresh surface exposures. The complementary and synergistic nature of the data sets from the various instruments and their integration will be key to significantly advancing our understanding of Europa’s geology.
Shapes, Rotations, Photometric and Internal Properties of Jupiter Trojans
Authors: Mottola Stefano , Britt Daniel T. , Brown Michael E. , Buie Marc W. , Noll Keith S. , Pätzold Martin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Jupiter Trojans, being trapped around the stable L4 and L5 Jupiter Lagrangian points, are thought to be more primitive than the Main Belt asteroids. They are believed to have originated from a range of heliocentric distances in the trans-Neptunian region, to have subsequently been scattered inwards, and finally captured in their current location during the phase of Giant Planet migration. As a consequence, their bulk composition is expected to reflect that of the protoplanetary disk at the time and location of their formation. The photometric properties of Trojans appear to have a bi-modal distribution. A few Trojans have been discovered to be binary systems, suspected contact binaries, or to possess moonlets, which has revealed consistently low bulk densities (around$1\times 10^{3}$1×103kg$\mathrm {m}^{-3}$m−3) for those systems. Those estimates, together with the presence of a spin barrier between 4 and 4.8 h rotation period, suggest that low densities are a general property of the population, similar to that of cometary nuclei.Current Trojan physical properties provide clues that relate to their formation that can, in turn, be traced back to the origin of the solar system. We review here our current knowledge on the physical properties of Trojans and the methods used for their determinations. Most of these methods are based on Earth-bound observations, and are limited by the large distance to these objects. The next breakthrough will be made possible by the Lucy mission, which, by visiting several Trojans during a tour through both clouds, will address many open questions and probably raise new ones. The combination of the ground truth for select objects provided by Lucy with the context view given by the Earth-bound observations will result in powerful synergy.
Ironic Practices as Pedagogical Tools for Accomplishing Italo Calvino’s Lightness
Authors: Thoilliez Bianca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis essay begins with the premise that Italo Calvino’s Memos serve as a fundamentally educational proposition. Each of his lectures can be regarded as a substantive proposal, encouraging a revaluation of our contemporary world through unconventional forms of knowledge, especially considering the challenges posed by the new millennium. The essay’s central objective is to further the intellectual movement initiated by Calvino, but with a specific focus on theorizing education. It aims not to simply apply Calvino’s principles and insights to education or provide a pedagogical analysis but rather to actively engage with them, fostering educational-philosophical reflections centred around the concept of “lightness”, as identified by the Italian writer. Key questions emerge from this exploration: How can “lightness” be considered an educational quality? Can it serve as a valuable guide for navigating the complexities of contemporary education? Can the notion of “lightness” inspire the creation of new pedagogical languages that resist the instrumentalizing tendencies in education? The essay proceeds to elucidate Calvino’s primary theses on “lightness” while also examining the potential for a productive dialogue between Calvino and Richard Rorty’s ideas on irony, both in public and private dimensions. It illustrates how ironic practices, such as sarcasm, satire, and wit, conveyed through artistic expressions, can embody the essence of “lightness” that Calvino encourages. Ultimately, the essay concludes by reflecting on the pedagogical implications of embracing “lightness” in education, particularly in the affirmative/post-critical and Arendtian sense, as a means of bequeathing a world that genuinely belongs to future generations.
COMBSS: best subset selection via continuous optimization
Authors: Moka Sarat , Liquet Benoit , Zhu Houying , Muller Samuel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe problem of best subset selection in linear regression is considered with the aim to find a fixed size subset of features that best fits the response. This is particularly challenging when the total available number of features is very large compared to the number of data samples. Existing optimal methods for solving this problem tend to be slow while fast methods tend to have low accuracy. Ideally, new methods perform best subset selection faster than existing optimal methods but with comparable accuracy, or, being more accurate than methods of comparable computational speed. Here, we propose a novel continuous optimization method that identifies a subset solution path, a small set of models of varying size, that consists of candidates for the single best subset of features, that is optimal in a specific sense in linear regression. Our method turns out to be fast, making the best subset selection possible when the number of features is well in excess of thousands. Because of the outstanding overall performance, framing the best subset selection challenge as a continuous optimization problem opens new research directions for feature extraction for a large variety of regression models.
Is social capital bridging or bonding? Evidence from a field experiment with association members
Authors: Degli Antoni Giacomo , Grimalda Gianluca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial capital theorists posit that association members are key agents for propagating norms of trust and trustworthiness from within associations toward the society as a whole. Nevertheless, others claim that social capital is primarily bonding, that is, it helps ingroup members better achieve internal goals, but little benefits or even costs carry over to the rest of society. We deploy experimental methods to probe into whether social capital in associations has a predominantly bridging or bonding nature. We compare members’ behavior in anonymous Trust Games with behavior by a demographically comparable sample of non-members. We find that (a) Members are significantly more trusting and trustworthy than the general population both when interacting with fellow members and with people from the general population; (b) Members trust and repay trust from people from the general public nearly at the same level as they do with fellow members. Therefore, most of social capital existing within associations “bridges” over to the rest of society. We quantify 83% of additional trust, and 71% of additional trustworthiness existing in associations vis-à-vis society at large to be bridging and the remainder to be bonding. (c) Association members are no more optimistic or less accurate in predicting others’ behavior than people from the general public. (d) Increased involvement in association activities is not correlated with increased pro-sociality.
Discovering the Perception Differences of Stakeholders on the Sustainable and Innovative Stormwater Management Practices
Authors: Ekmekcioğlu Ömer 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe overarching aim of the present work is to explore the perception differences of stakeholders, i.e., municipalities (MN), water administrations (WS), non-governmental organizations (NGO), and universities (UN), playing vital roles in the decision mechanisms regarding one of the sustainable flood mitigation techniques, i.e., low impact development (LID) practices. As being rewarding alternative to conventional drainage techniques, four different LID strategies, i.e., green roof (GR), bioretention cells (BC), permeable pavement (PP), and infiltration trench (IT), and three of their combinations were adopted to the densely urbanized Ayamama River basin, Istanbul, Turkey. The performances of the LIDs were comprehensively evaluated based on three pillars of sustainability (i.e., social, economic, and environmental) using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework containing the implementation of fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP) and the VIKOR (VIse KriterijumsaOptimiz acija I Kompromisno Resenje) for finding the weights of constraining criteria and prioritizing the LID scenarios, respectively. The major outcomes of this research showed that experts from MN, WS, and UN put forward the environmental dimension of sustainability, whereas respondents from NGO concentrated on the social aspect. Furthermore, MN and WS highlighted initial investment cost as the most determining criterion in optimal LID selection. On the other hand, criteria weights regarding the judgments of the experts attended from NGO revealed the significance of community resistance in specifying the optimal LID practices, while aesthetic appearance was the major concern of the academia. Hence, the present study, as an initial attempt, enabled critical standpoints for discovering perceptions of stakeholders.
Circadian rhythm in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus): daily variation of blood metabolites in recirculating aquaculture systems
Authors: Petereit J. , Lannig G. , Baßmann B. , Bock C. , Buck B. H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Animal welfare in aquaculture is becoming increasingly important, and detailed knowledge of the species concerned is essential for further optimization on farms. Every organism is controlled by an internal clock, the circadian rhythm, which is crucial for metabolic processes and is partially influenced by abiotic factors, making it important for aquaculture practices.

Objective
In order to determine the circadian rhythm of adult turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), blood samples were collected over a 24-h period and plasma metabolite profiles were analyzed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy.

Methods
The fish were habituated to feeding times at 9 am and 3 pm and with the NMR spectroscopy 46 metabolites could be identified, eight of which appeared to shift throughout the day.

Results
We noted exceptionally high values around 3 pm for the amino acids isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, lysine, and the stress indicator lactate. These metabolic peaks were interpreted as either habituation to the usual feeding time or as natural peak levels in turbot in a 24-h circle because other indicators for stress (glucose, cortisol and lysozymes) showed a stable baseline, indicating that the animals had no or very little stress during the experimental period.

Conclusion
This study provides initial insights into the diurnal variation of metabolites in adult turbot; however, further studies are needed to confirm present findings of possible fluctuations in amino acids and sugars. Implementing optimized feeding times (with high levels of sugars and low levels of stress metabolites) could lead to less stress, fewer disease outbreaks and overall improved fish welfare in aquaculture facilities.
Exploration of differential responses to FODMAPs and gluten in people with irritable bowel syndrome- a double-blind randomized cross-over challenge study
Authors: Nordin Elise , Landberg Rikard , Hellström Per M. , Brunius Carl 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
There is large variation in response to diet in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and determinants for differential response are poorly understood.

Objectives
Our aim was to investigate differential clinical and molecular responses to provocation with fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) and gluten in individuals with IBS.

Methods
Data were used from a crossover study with week-long interventions with either FODMAPs, gluten or placebo. The study also included a rapid provocation test. Molecular data consisted of fecal microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and untargeted plasma metabolomics. IBS symptoms were evaluated with the IBS severity scoring system. IBS symptoms were modelled against molecular and baseline questionnaire data, using Random Forest (RF; regression and clustering), Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), and univariate methods.

Results
Regression and classification RF models were in general of low predictive power (Q2 ≤ 0.22, classification rate < 0.73). Out of 864 clustering models, only 2 had significant associations to clusters (0.69 < CR < 0.73, p < 0.05), but with no associations to baseline clinical measures. Similarly, PARAFAC revealed no clear association between metabolome data and IBS symptoms.

Conclusion
Differential IBS responses to FODMAPs or gluten exposures could not be explained from clinical and molecular data despite extensive exploration with different data analytical approaches. The trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03653689 31/08/2018.
Initial observations of the impacts of infauna on portable free fall penetrometer measurements in sandy parts of Mobile Bay
Authors: Stark Nina , Dorgan Kelly M. , Brilli Nicola C. , Frey Madeline R. , Cox Chesna , Calantoni Joseph 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe seabed surface provides habitat for abundant and diverse fauna, whose burrowing activities have been shown to modify geotechnical properties of surface sediments. Whether these impacts affect geotechnical properties on larger scales of traditional measurements has not been well studied. This study represents an initial attempt to assess whether infaunal activity affects seabed properties on a scale relevant for, and therefore, detectable in portable free fall penetrometer measurements. Specifically, we examine sediment strength profiles of the upper 10–70 cm of sandy (poorly graded sand and muddy sand) seabed sediments in Mobile Bay, Alabama, USA, hypothesizing that infauna create heterogeneity in sediment structure that would lead to variability in PFFP vertical profiles as well as among replicate measurements at a site. Sediments were composed predominantly of sands, with only 17% of the sites featuring sand contents < 97% and median grain sizes ranging from 0.0987 to 0.3457 mm. Sediment strength generally decreased with a decreasing sand content, but variability was not explained by sand content alone. PFFP impacts in sandier sites (> 97% sand) were limited to the surface few cm, but considerable vertical and spatial variability in muddy sands and lower strength at sites with abundant burrowing infauna suggest that infaunal activities may affect PFFP measurements in these sediments.
Optimal Control with RdCVFL for Degenerating Photoreceptors
Authors: Wifvat Kathryn , Camacho Erika T. , Kawski Matthias , Léveillard Thierry , Wirkus Stephen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBoth the rod and cone photoreceptors, along with the retinal pigment epithelium have been experimentally and mathematically shown to work interdependently to maintain vision. Further, the theoredoxin-like rod-derived cone viability factor (RdCVF) and its long form (RdCVFL) have proven to increase photoreceptor survival in experimental results. Aerobic glycolysis is the primary source of energy production for photoreceptors and RdCVF accelerates the intake of glucose into the cones. RdCVFL helps mitigate the negative effects of reactive oxidative species and has shown promise in slowing the death of cones in mouse studies. However, this potential treatment and its effects have never been studied in mathematical models. In this work, we examine an optimal control with the treatment of RdCVFL. We mathematically illustrate the potential this treatment might have for treating degenerative retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa, as well as compare this to the results of an updated control model with RdCVF.
Numerical and Experimental Analysis of a Solid Shroud in Multi-arc Plasma Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Heinemann H. , Dokhanchi A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPlasma spraying is characterized by high flexibility, but has challenges of high energy consumption and oxidation of the metallic spray particles. Modified plasma spraying processes using a gas or solid shroud have been developed to address these challenges, which aim to reduce the introduction of ambient air into the plasma jet and improve the process efficiency. Prior research mainly focused on single-cathode plasma generators, and the use of a shroud in multi-arc plasma spraying systems has not been thoroughly explored. The primary goal of this study is to analyze the effects of a solid shroud as a nozzle extension on the plasma jet of a three-cathode plasma generator numerically and experimentally. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to simulate a solid shroud, and the resulting design is constructed for experimental analysis. The experimental setup includes a nozzle extension with a transparent window for diagnostic measurements by a high-speed camera. To isolate the effects of the solid shroud from fluctuations in the power input, current, and voltage measurements are carried out synchronized with the high-speed recordings. Particle diagnostics are also conducted to analyze the properties of the in-flight particles without and with the solid shroud. The developed numerical model can be further used to optimize the shroud geometry for different process parameters.
COP-22 Alleviates d-Galactose–Induced Brain Aging by Attenuating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Mice
Authors: Ma Yazhong , Wang Xiaotong , Li Xin , Chen Xi , Teng Zhifeng , Wang Xuekun , Yang Jie , Liu Guoyun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAging is a natural and inevitable process of organisms. With the intensification of population aging, research on aging has become a hot topic of global attention. The most obvious manifestation of human aging is the aging of brain function, which has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, COP-22, a mono-carbonyl curcumin derivative, was evaluated for its anti-aging ability, especially its ability to resist brain aging induced by D-galactose (D-gal) in mice. For brain protection, COP-22 could resist D-gal–induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidative defense enzymes and enhancing antioxidant capacity in the brain tissue; COP-22 could improve the dysfunction of the cholinergic system by decreasing the increased activity of acetylcholinesterase and increasing the reduced content of acetylcholine induced by D-gal; and COP-22 could protect nerve cells of the brain. Further, western blot was used to determine related proteins of the brain. We found that COP-22 could effectively protect against brain injury (SIRT1, p53, p21, and p16) by inhibiting oxidative stress (Nrf2 and HO-1), inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α), and apoptosis (Bax and caspase-3) in D-gal–induced aging mice. Additionally, COP-22 demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative stress in serum and liver caused by D-gal, as well as relieve the damages in the liver and kidney induced by D-gal. These results indicated that COP-22 had potential anti-aging activity and could be used in the therapy of aging and aging-associated diseases like Alzheimer disease.
Bedingungslose ambulante Erziehungshilfen
Authors: Freres Katharina , Schrödter Mark 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung„Bedingungslose Jugendhilfe“ ist die Bezeichnung für ein offenes politisches Reform- und sozialpädagogisches Forschungsprogramm, das sich gegen die Stigmatisierung von Nutzer_innen erzieherischer Hilfen stellt. In dem Programm wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob es erstrebenswert und praktisch umsetzbar wäre, wenn die Hilfen zur Erziehung unabhängig vom Vorliegen eines erzieherischen Bedarfs als universale Unterstützungsleistungen für alle Kinder, Jugendlichen und ihre Eltern attraktiv und zugänglich wären. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die These entwickelt, dass ambulante erzieherische Hilfen nur dann im sozialpädagogischen Sinne als „bedingungslos“ gelten können, wenn (mindestens) drei Kriterien erfüllt sind: (1) die Hilfen müssen niedrigschwellig hinsichtlich der Anspruchsvoraussetzungen und (2) ohne Bedarfsprüfung durch das Jugendamt erhältlich sein. Vorausgesetzt ist (3) ein Jugendhilfesystem, das die Selbstachtung der Eltern dadurch respektiert, dass es keinen Grund mehr gibt für die Befürchtung, ihnen könnte ihr Kind „weggenommen“ werden, da im Fall einer Fremdplatzierung plausibel bestreitbar wäre, dass es aufgrund eines Erziehungsdefizits nicht mehr zu Hause wohnt (plausible deniability). Es wird die These vertreten, dass das erste Kriterium bereits als erfüllt gelten kann und das zweite Kriterium ähnlich wie für die Erziehungsberatung umsetzbar wäre (Selbstbeschaffung). In diesem Sinne sind ambulante erzieherische Hilfen de facto bereits auf einem guten Weg zur bedingungslosen Familienbildung.