bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral glucose gel in the prevention of neonatal hypoglycemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Meng-Qin , Zheng Ya-Ning , Zhuang Ying 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in neonates and glucose gel in oral solution is a relatively new treatment option for NH. We aimed to determine whether oral glucose gel can prevent NH.

Methods:
We conducted an open literature search using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We used relative risk as the statistical data, expressed each outcome effect as a 95% confidence interval, and conducted a heterogeneity test. If heterogeneity statistics indicated that I2 was ≥ 50%, the random effects model analysis was used; otherwise, the fixed effects model analysis was conducted, and sensitivity analyses were conducted for all outcomes.

Results:
In this review, we included a total of 10 studies involving 4801 neonates. Meta-analysis revealed that there were no significant differences between the preventive oral glucose gel group and the control group in terms of blood glucose concentration, glucose concentration 30 minutes after the first breastfeeding, length of stay, Bayley-III composite score, subsequent need for intravenous injection of glucose, 24-hour glucose > 50 mg/dL, separation from mother for treatment of hypoglycemia/admitted to neonatal intensive care unit for hypoglycemia, normoglycemia after 1 to 2 treatments, or normoglycemia after more than 2 treatments, breastfeeding at discharge, delayed feeding, neurosensory impairment, parental satisfaction, developmental delay, and seizure. The subsequent intake was significantly lower in the glucose gel group compared to the control group.

Interpretation:
The use of oral glucose gel as a preventative measure may not reduce the incidence of NH. In order to assess the efficacy of glucose gel in preventing NH, a more high-quality, large-sample, and rigorously designed randomized controlled trial is required.
Metoclopramide-induced acute dystonic reaction: A pediatric case report
Authors: Elendu Chukwuka , Adenikinju Joseph , Ogala Faith , Ologunde Tunde , Adebambo Samuel , Egbunu Emmanuel 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
This case report presents a unique acute dystonic reaction (ADR) induced by metoclopramide in a 6-year-old male patient with pertussis-associated vomiting. The rarity of such a reaction in pediatric patients underscores the significance of this case in contributing to the scientific literature. This report highlights the need for heightened awareness of the potential adverse effects of medications commonly used in pediatrics and emphasizes the importance of tailored interventions for this population.

Main symptoms and important clinical findings:
Following the administration of metoclopramide for vomiting associated with pertussis cough, the patient exhibited distressing symptoms, including torticollis, facial grimacing, and tongue protrusion. These involuntary movements were promptly recognized, leading to the suspicion of an ADR. The clinical findings underscore the importance of vigilant monitoring for extrapyramidal symptoms following medication administration, especially in children.

The main diagnoses, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes:
The primary diagnosis of ADR induced by metoclopramide was confirmed, prompting the cessation of the medication and the initiation of anticholinergic therapy with benztropine. This intervention rapidly resolved the patient’s symptoms, highlighting the importance of tailored and swift therapeutic strategies. The outcome demonstrated the efficacy of timely intervention in managing ADR in pediatric patients.

Conclusion:
The main takeaway lesson from this case lies in the critical need for healthcare practitioners to remain vigilant for potential adverse reactions in pediatric patients, even when prescribing commonly used medications. The successful management of this case underscores the importance of prompt recognition, appropriate interventions, and continuous monitoring. Ultimately, this case contributes to the scientific literature by highlighting the unique manifestation of ADR in a pediatric patient, reinforcing the significance of individualized patient care and medication safety.
Circulating tumor DNA predicts recurrence and assesses prognosis in operable gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mi Junjie , Wang Rong , Han Xiaofang , Ma Ruijun , Li Huiying 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Selecting the appropriate patient for further treatment after surgery for gastric cancer can improve the patient prognosis. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has the potential to predict recurrence and prognosis after gastric cancer surgery, but the results are still inconclusive. As the completed studies had small sample sizes and were inconsistent, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of ctDNA on recurrence and prognosis after gastric cancer surgery.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Web of Science were searched for potentially eligible studies published up to April 7, 2023. Pooled relative risk (RR) and pooled hazard ratio (HR) were calculated to evaluate recurrence, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) following gastric cancer surgery.

Results:
A pooled analysis revealed that patients who were ctDNA positive before and after surgery were at a high risk of gastric cancer recurrence (RR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.19–2.71; RR = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.36–4.25). The pooled data revealed that ctDNA-positive patients had a poorer RFS and OS (HR = 6.37, 95% CI: 2.70–15.01; HR = 4.58, 95% CI: 1.68–12.49).

Conclusions:
ctDNA-positive patients were at a high risk of recurrence after gastric cancer surgery and had a poorer prognosis. Hence, ctDNA-positive patients needed close follow-up and further treatment.
Bilateral late hematomas after breast augmentation mimicking anaplastic large cell lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Ma I Zhen , Chung Jee Hyeok , Kim Jinhyun , Hong Ki Yong 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is rare, but its incidence has recently increased. It is characterized by a sudden onset of seroma collection after implantation of textured breast implants. However, BIA-ALCL may be confused with late hematoma, which is also a rare finding in aesthetic breast surgery. The cause of late hematoma is mostly unknown, and patients rarely present with specific symptoms.

Patient concerns:
We presented a case of late hematoma that occurred in a patient who underwent augmentation mammoplasty 25 years ago and was on anticoagulants for 7 years.

Diagnoses:
Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging could not rule out the possibility of BIA-ALCL.

Interventions:
Bilateral implant removal was performed, and massive amounts of late hematoma and organizing tissues were removed.

Outcomes:
The pathologists confirmed the biopsy results as late hematoma with organizing tissues. Capsules from both sides were confirmed as fibrous capsules with chronic inflammation and foamy macrophage infiltration.

Lessons:
Although malignancy needs to be primarily ruled out, late hematoma can occur beyond expectations, especially in anticoagulated patients, and must be included in the differential diagnosis.
Case report: A pregnant woman with Crohn disease who used ustekinumab to the 3rd trimester developed severe infection
Authors: Guo Peng , Cao Wulan 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Crohn disease (CD) and pregnancy often impact each other, which poses challenges for women with CD to successfully give birth to a healthy baby. The latest guideline recommends that patients with active inflammatory bowel disease delay pregnancy to induce remission and optimize disease control. Research data has showed that the incidence of infection and severe infection in patients treated with ustekinumab (UST) did not increase compared to those treated with a placebo.

Patient concerns:
This report describes the entire process of a pregnant woman with CD who has undergone ileostomy and long-term enteral nutrition and requires biological agents to control the disease, from conception to delivery. This case was pregnant during CD period and regularly treated with UST to the third trimester, with the onset of sepsis and septic shock at 38 weeks gestation.

Diagnoses:
The patient was pathologically diagnosed with CD 16 years ago and admitted to our department at 38 weeks gestation.

Interventions:
After admission to our department, fetal heart monitoring indicated fetal distress, so we immediately terminated the pregnancy by cesarean section. After the diagnosis of septic shock, the patient was transferred to intensive care unit for active anti-infection and symptomatic supportive treatment.

Outcomes:
The mother only experienced an infection in the third trimester, and cured by active treatment. The newborn was delivered at full term and confirmed to be low birth weight.

Lessons:
Her experience suggests that although pregnant during Crohn active period, a good outcome can be achieved through positively controlling with medication and closely monitoring it. The use of UST during pregnancy appears to be safe for both the mother and fetus but may be associated with severe infections.
Electronic visualized double-lumen endobronchial tube for situs inversus totalis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Li Zhi , Wang Youyu , Liu Zhiheng , Luo Nanbo 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Using an electronic visualized double-lumen endobronchial tube (E-visual DLT) allows for excellent surgical visualization during one-lung ventilation. Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition wherein the bronchial and pulmonary lobar structures on the left and right sides of individuals are reversed compared to those of the general population. In the case of SIT, placing a left-sided E-visual DLT into the right bronchus might offer more advantageous one-lung ventilation. However, there have been no reported instances of using E-visual DLT single-lung ventilation anesthesia techniques for SIT.

Patients concerns:
We present a case report detailing the effective implementation of a visualized single-lung ventilation technique under general anesthesia in a 36-year-old male diagnosed with SIT. The patient had a mediastinal mass and underwent thoracoscopic resection of the mediastinal mass using a left-sided approach.

Diagnoses:
Based on the findings from the contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) results, the patient was diagnosed with SIT along with a mediastinal mass. Surgical intervention was proposed to alleviate the cardiac compression caused by the mass. Nevertheless, the administration and handling of anesthesia posed a notable challenge since clinical anesthesiologists encounter contradictory data and a limited number of evidence-based guidelines.

Interventions:
Convened a multidisciplinary meeting prior to the initiation of anesthesia to formulate a comprehensive strategy. Throughout the anesthetic management, our team ensured meticulous monitoring, delivered sufficient oxygenation, and established hemodynamic equilibrium. The anesthesia team deliberated and devised a plan to employ a left-sided E-visual DLT placement through the right bronchus for right-sided one-lung ventilation in the patient with SIT. The process of anesthesia induction was subjected to repeated simulations to guarantee patient safety.

Outcomes:
Due to the meticulous and effective administration and supervision of anesthesia, the surgery was completed as planned. Subsequently, the removal of the E-visual DLT was executed without any complications.

Lessons:
Data and literature about SIT are scarce, necessitating thorough pre-planning and preparation.
Safety profiles and adverse reactions of azithromycin in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Ying-wen , Cen Yuan-hua , Chen Mu-heng , Yan Xu-ke , Jin Xiao-fen 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Azithromycin (AZM) is an antimicrobial agent and frequently used in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases due to its well-recognized clinical efficacy. Despite some favorable findings from many studies, there is a lack of research reports focusing on the safety profiles and adverse reactions.

Methods:
The randomized controlled trials of AZM in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases on internet databases were searched. The search databases included Chinese CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Two researchers of this study independently assessed the eligibility, risk of bias, and extracted the data. The included literature was meta-analyzed and subgroup analyzed by revman 5.1 software.

Results:
A total of 14 eligible studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the incidence of adverse reactions after AZM treatment was 24.20%, which was lower than 48.05% in the control group (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.12–0.72, P < .001). In the subgroup of sequential therapy, AZM had a lower incidence of adverse reactions in sequential therapy (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.60, P < .001). In the subgroup of intravenous administration, AZM had a lower the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.12–0.84, P = .003). In the subgroup of oral administration, AZM had a lower the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.13–0.69 P < .001). Overall, it was also found that the incidence of adverse reactions in the AZM subgroup was significantly lower than that in other treatment subgroup.

Conclusion:
AZM has fewer adverse reactions and better safety profiles, which make AZM a more attractive option in the treatment of pediatric respiratory diseases.
A rare case of hypertensive urgency caused by linezolid was reported: A case report
Authors: Luo Jingjing , Wu Xinan , Liu Yiming 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Linezolid itself is rarely reported to cause blood pressure elevation, and it is rare to report that linezolid causes hypertensive urgency.

Patients concerns:
This case report describes a 38-year-old man who developed acute hypertension after a postoperative foot infection that was treated with linezolid antitherapy. Hypertensive urgency occurred without obvious potential interaction between linezolid and drugs. After receiving appropriate treatment and stopping medication, the patient’s blood pressure returned to normal and did not recur.

Diagnoses:
Hypertensive crises occurred during the treatment of linezolid.

Interventions:
After stopping linezolid, the patient’s blood pressure gradually returned to normal.

Outcomes:
The patient’s blood pressure returned to normal on the 26th day after stopping linezolid, and no abnormal blood pressure was found in the follow-up 2 months after discharge.

Lessons:
Linezolid is rarely reported to cause elevated blood pressure, even though it may occur in the absence of obvious drug interactions. Case reported fewer reasons may be for clinicians statistically insignificant or notice, and hypertensive urgency often lead to clinical risk, should be given enough attention to clinical. Pay attention to blood pressure monitoring during use, when there is abnormal increase in blood pressure, should consider adverse drug reactions, give timely discontinuation and give symptomatic treatment.
Treatment of aneurysmal artery with PED: A case report
Authors: Li Da , Jiang Yunxia , Zhuge Chengjun , Wu An 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Pipeline embolization devices are a new treatment for intracranial aneurysms, especially irregular, giant aneurysms.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old female patient presented with a headache in the frontal part for 3 weeks.

Diagnoses:
Cerebral computed tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography showed a saccular aneurysm in the right internal carotid artery that wrapped the parent artery. Digital subtraction angiography provided images with 1 large saccular internal carotid aneurysm.

Interventions:
The patient was treated by flow diverter stent and coil embolization and dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor in the ICU and was discharged after 10 days without complications.

Outcomes:
One year after interventional therapy, repeated digital subtraction angiography showed no recurrence of aneurysm and embolization well, and the patient reported improvement in neurological symptoms.

Lessons:
Aneurysmal parent artery is a rare phenomenon. The combination of flow diverter stents and coil embolization to treat cases with large saccular aneurysms has important clinical significance and this may provide a reference for clinical treatment of aneurysmal parent artery.
Endocrine features of primary mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Romo Lindsay , Gold Nina B. , Walker Melissa A. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
Primary mitochondrial diseases are one of the most prevalent groups of multisystem genetic disorders. Endocrinopathies associated with mitochondrial diseases may have clinical features that are distinct from the more common forms. We provide an overview of mitochondrial disorder genetics and phenotypes, focusing on recent studies regarding identification and treatment of associated endocrinopathies.

Recent findings
Known endocrine phenotypes of mitochondrial disorders continue to expand, and now include growth hormone deficiency, hypogonadism, precocious puberty, hypoparathyroidism, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, diabetes, and adrenal insufficiency. Recent studies suggest several genotype-phenotype correlations, including those related to nuclear variants. Diagnosis is important, as special considerations should be made in the management of endocrinopathies in mitochondrial patients. Finally, new mitochondrial replacement strategies may soon be available for women interested in preventing mitochondrial disease transmission to offspring.

Summary
Patients with multiple endocrinopathies or atypical endocrinopathies should be evaluated for primary mitochondrial disease, as a diagnosis may impact management of these individuals.
Interaction between dietary flavonoid intake and trouble sleeping on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Xinxia , Zhuo Shitu , Fang Taiyong 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The possible interaction of dietary flavonoid intake and sleep on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been well studied. This study investigated the interaction between dietary flavonoid intake and trouble sleeping on the risk of NAFLD.

Methods
Three discrete National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data cycles from 2007 to 2010 and 2017 to 2018 were used. NAFLD was diagnosed by a US Fatty Liver Index ≥30. A sleep questionnaire diagnosed trouble sleeping. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the association between dietary flavonoids, trouble sleeping and NAFLD. We employed the relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion of interaction and synergy index to evaluate additive interactions.

Results
Ultimately, 5056 participants were enrolled, and higher anthocyanidins and flavanones intake was negatively correlated with NAFLD. Conversely, trouble sleeping was positively associated with NAFLD. These correlations remained stable after adjusting for confounders, and there was a sex difference in this relationship. In the RCS model, anthocyanins were negatively non-linearly related to NAFLD, while flavanones showed a negative linear relationship. Moreover, there was a synergistic interplay between low dietary anthocyanin intake and trouble sleeping on the risk of NAFLD. A similar relationship existed for flavanone intake.

Conclusion
Anthocyanin and flavanone intake were negatively associated, whereas trouble sleeping was positively associated with NAFLD risk. There was a synergistic effect of low anthocyanin intake and trouble sleeping. The same relationship existed for low flavanone intake.
Association of BMI with mortality in drug-induced liver injury
Authors: Ma Zikun , Li Min , Wang Yan , Zou Cailun , Wang Yu , Guo Tiantian , Su Yu , Zhang Mengmeng , Meng Yao , Jia Jidong , Zhang Jing , Zou Zhengsheng , Zhao Xinyan 
Published: December 2023

Background
To clarify the associations between BMI and the incidences of all-cause death or liver-related death (LRD)/liver transplantation (LT) in drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

Methods
DILI patients from three hospitals were retrospectively retrieved and follow-up from 2009 to 2021. They were categorized into underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI of 18.5–23.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI of 24–27.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2) groups. Cox regression models were conducted to reveal the effect of BMI on all-cause death or LRD/LT.

Results
A total of 1469 eligible DILI patients were included: underweight 73 (4.97%), normal weight 811 (55.21%), overweight 473 (32.20%) and obese 112 (7.62%). Eighty-nine patients (6.06%) had all-cause death, of which 66 patients (4.49%) had LRD/LT. The median age was 52 years old, and females were 1039 (70.73%). The associations between BMI and all-cause mortality (nonlinear test P < 0.01) or liver-related mortality/LT (nonlinear test P = 0.01) were J-shaped. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that underweight (HR: 3.02, 95% CI: 1.51–6.02) was significantly associated with all-cause mortality after adjusting for age and sex. Furthermore, obese males were significantly associated with liver-related mortality/LT (HR: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.13–10.72) after additional adjustment for serological indices and comorbidities.

Conclusion
Association between BMI and mortality is a J-shape. The overall mortality was significantly higher in underweight and obese group. Male obesity is independently associated with LRD/LT. These findings indicate that DILI patients with extreme BMI would have a high risk of dismal outcomes, which warrants extra medical care.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in Cervical Artery Dissections
Authors: Wahood Waseem , Flemming Kelly D. , Lanzino Giuseppe , Keser Zafer 
Published: December 2023

Objective:
Most cervical artery dissection (CeAD) cases are spontaneous or due to minor traumas, and preceding viral infections have been suggested to be a triggering event for CeAD in some. Herein, we analyze the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in hospitalized patients with CeAD using a national database.

Methods:
The National Inpatient Sample was queried from April 2020 to December 2020 for patients with a diagnosis of CeAD using International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition-Clinical Modification codes. Among these, patients with COVID-19 were identified. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to assess the patient profile of those with COVID-19, in-patient mortality, and home discharge among patients with CeAD.

Results:
There were 360 (2.32%) hospitalizations involving COVID-19 among 15,500 with CeAD. Concomitant acute ischemic stroke constituted 43.06% of those with a COVID-19 diagnosis, whereas it was 43.73% among those without a COVID-19 diagnosis (P = 0.902). Home discharges were less common in patients with COVID-19 and CeAD compared to CeAD alone (34.85% vs. 48.63%; P = 0.03), but this was likely due to other factors as multivariate regression analysis did not show an association between COVID-19 and home discharges (odds ratio: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.39 to 1.25; P = 0.22). COVID-19 diagnosis had similar odds of inpatient mortality (odds ratio: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.43 to 2.84; P = 0.84).

Conclusion:
The prevalence of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients with CeAD is low with 2.32% of all CeAD cases. Concomitant COVID infection did not lead to an increased risk of stroke in CeAD. However, potentially worse functional outcomes (fewer home discharges) without an increase in mortality were seen in patients with COVID and CeAD.