bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating the local knowledge of fishers into an ecological model for the sustainable management of a protected coastal lagoon area in Uruguay
Authors: Malfatti Francisco , Lercari Diego , Bergamino Leandro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study uses the local knowledge of artisanal fishers to assess ecosystem structure, functioning, and fishing impacts within a coastal lagoon in Uruguay. To this end, we used an Ecopath with Ecosim modelling approach based on fishers’ knowledge and scientific data. The model considered 23 functional groups, while three fleets represented fishing activities targeting different species. The model output shows a foodweb which spans four trophic levels, including fish species as top predators, such as the flatfish Paralichthys orbignyanus and the tararira Hoplias malabaricus. Furthermore, according to fishers’ knowledge, gastropods, polychaetes, and bivalves constitute primary consumers, while detritus and phytoplankton represent the primary food sources. The trophic impact analysis shows that the fish Mugil spp. and Odontesthes spp. generate important positive and negative impacts on most other ecosystem components, while fishing impacts occur at moderate exploitation levels on the targeted fish species. The indicators of the ecosystem effects of fishing including The Trophic Level of the Catch ranging from 2.4 to 2.6, the Primary Production Required showing relative low values of 2.3% and low probability of an ecosystem being sustainably fished alert us to the risk of ecosystem-level overfishing. The vast potential of fishers’ knowledge in research can allow the co-creation of new insights into ecosystem structure and function. By including fishers in research, local communities can be empowered and benefit from management decisions through their trust in science.
A qualitative examination of (political) media diets across age cohorts in five countries
Authors: Hopmann David Nicolas , Stępińska Agnieszka , Stanyer James , Halagiera Denis , Terren Ludovic , Gehle Luisa , Meltzer Christine E. , Buturoiu Raluca , Corbu Nicoleta , Cardenal Ana S. , Schemer Christian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent research, the concept of “media diets” has received increased attention. However, the concept remains vague and not fully developed, and rarely, if at all, do researchers ask citizens about their perceptions of their own and others’ media diets. With the ongoing transformation of the media landscape, there has never been a more pertinent time to explore these perceptions, which this research intends to do. The main goal of this paper then is to identify recommendations addressing recently voiced concerns about news consumption patterns in contemporary society to relevant stakeholders. Empirically, the study is based on a series of focus group interviews with younger (18–25 years old) and older (over 55) adults in five European countries (Germany, Poland, Romania, Spain, and the UK). Our results show important cohort differences as well as cross-country similarities, which are pertinent insights for the formulation of stakeholder recommendations.
Synthesis of Lawsonia inermis-encased silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles with antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Ragavendran Chinnasamy , Kamaraj Chinnaperumal , Natarajan Devarajan , Al-Ghanim Khalid A. , Magesh Mohan , Nicoletti Marcello , Govindarajan Marimuthu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The extract of the medicinal plant Lawsonia inermis, known as henna, was employed to synthesize silver–copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag–Cu NPs) in a unique, efficient, and cost-effective method. The shape, size, and structural features of synthesized Ag–Cu NPs were determined by ultra–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods. The rod-shaped Ag–Cu nanoparticles, averaging 41.66 ± 17.18 nm in size, synthesized from L. inermis, exhibited potent antioxidant activity by inhibiting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) free radicals. They also displayed significant antibacterial effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (27 mm), Bacillus cereus (26 mm), and Escherichia coli (24 mm). Additionally, these nanoparticles induced notable morphological changes in cancer cells and demonstrated promising cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 tumor cells (IC50 = 37.40 µg·mL−1). However, they exhibited biotoxicity in Artemia nauplii, resulting in mortality rates ranging from 3.0% to 32.5%. The LC50 and LC90 values recorded for a 48-h exposure were 1.51 mg·L−1 and 2.59 mg·L−1, respectively. These findings highlight the potential application of L. inermis-derived Ag–Cu NPs in pharmacology and bio-nanomedicine.
Flexible variable selection in the presence of missing data
Authors: Williamson Brian D. , Huang Ying 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In many applications, it is of interest to identify a parsimonious set of features, or panel, from multiple candidates that achieves a desired level of performance in predicting a response. This task is often complicated in practice by missing data arising from the sampling design or other random mechanisms. Most recent work on variable selection in missing data contexts relies in some part on a finite-dimensional statistical model, e.g., a generalized or penalized linear model. In cases where this model is misspecified, the selected variables may not all be truly scientifically relevant and can result in panels with suboptimal classification performance. To address this limitation, we propose a nonparametric variable selection algorithm combined with multiple imputation to develop flexible panels in the presence of missing-at-random data. We outline strategies based on the proposed algorithm that achieve control of commonly used error rates. Through simulations, we show that our proposal has good operating characteristics and results in panels with higher classification and variable selection performance compared to several existing penalized regression approaches in cases where a generalized linear model is misspecified. Finally, we use the proposed method to develop biomarker panels for separating pancreatic cysts with differing malignancy potential in a setting where complicated missingness in the biomarkers arose due to limited specimen volumes.
Liner multimode fibers with high distributed optical amplification system based high efficient quadrature modulation system for reliable high capacity local area network
Authors: Thandaiah Prabu Ramachandran , Mandhala Venkata Naresh , Ramya Mohanraj , Mallan Srinivasan , Shibu Soman , Arumugam Parimala , Hemadan Ayman Zain 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper clarified the liner multimode fibers with high optical amplification system based high efficient quadrature modulation system for high capacity local area optical networks. The clarified the lighted QPSK transmitter system based linear multimode fiber profile is clarified under modal bandwidth effects. The optimum power variations are studied with spectral base band wavelength variations for various modal bandwidths based linear multimode fiber. Optimum power is clarified with time variations for various modal bandwidths based linear multimode fiber. Total power for 1500 and 1700 MHz km modal bandwidth is demonstrated based linear multimode fiber. The Max-Min signal base band amplitude based QAM pulse generator is clarified after photo-detector by using electrical constellation visualizer. The optimum Q Factor form with Min BER is demonstrated after photo-detector for 1300, 1500, and 1700 MHz km modal bandwidth based linear multimode fiber. The base band lighted SNR is clarified and simulated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber. Optimum Q form factor through photo-detector is demonstrated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber. The electrical SNR through photo-detector is studied and simulated with the modal bandwidth variations based linear multimode fiber.
Pressure ulcers in German hospitals: Analysis of reimbursement and length of stay
Authors: Lahmann Nils , Mayer Martha Feh , Posnett John 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Hospital-acquired pressure ulcers are an important indicator of the quality of care. Most pressure ulcers are avoidable with a robust protocol for prevention, but prevention activities often have a low priority for senior management because the true costs to the hospital are not visible. Our aim was to raise awareness of the value of pressure ulcer prevention by estimating the excess length of inpatient stay associated with hospital-acquired pressure ulcers, and by assessing whether additional costs are covered by increased reimbursement.

Methods
National activity data for hospitals in Germany are available through the InEK Data Browser. Data were extracted covering discharges from German hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2021. Cases were selected according to the presence of a pressure ulcer diagnosis using ICD-10-GM codes L89.0–L89.3. Information was extracted for the ten most common German Diagnosis-Related Group (G-DRG) codes in patients with a secondary pressure ulcer diagnosis on mean length of stay and average reimbursement. Ulcer-associated excess length of stay was estimated by comparing cases within the same G-DRG with and without a pressure ulcer diagnosis.

Results
Mean length of stay was higher in patients with a pressure ulcer than in patients with no ulcer by between 1.9 (all ages) and 2.4 days (patients aged ≥65) per case. In patients aged ≥65 years, 22.1% of cases with a pressure ulcer had a length of stay above the norm for the DRG. In the German system length of stay above the norm is not normally reimbursed. Excess length of stay between 1.9 and 2.4 days leads to a potential cost to a hospital of between 1,633€ and 2,074€ per case.

Conclusion
Hospital-acquired pressure ulcers represent an important source of cost for a hospital which highlights the potential value of effective prevention.
Flow and irreversible mechanism of pure and hybridized non-Newtonian nanofluids through elastic surfaces with melting effects
Authors: Hashim  , Rehman Sohail , Akermi Mehdi , Nasr Samia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The significance of nanofluid research in nanotechnology, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, food preparation, and chemotherapy employing single- and two-phase nanofluid models has drawn the attention of researchers. The Tiwari–Das model does not capture the diffusion and random movement of nanoparticles (NPs) when they are injected into complex functional fluids. In order to fix the peculiar behavior of NPs, more complex models like the Buongiorno model are coupled with the single-phase model. To examine the heat-mass transfer attributes of nanofluids, a single- and two-phase mixture model is coupled for the first time. The effect of hybrid NPs on the hemodynamic properties of the blood flow through a stretched surface with interface slip in the neighborhood of the stagnation point is examined. Due to their significance in medicinal uses and nominal toxicity, blood is loaded with zinc–iron (

ZnO
−
F

e

2

O

3

)

{\rm{ZnO}}\left-{\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{3})

NPs. However, blood is speculated to have the hematocrit viscosity of the Powell–Eyring fluid. The single-phase model predicts an improvement in heat transport due to an increased volumetric friction of NPs, while the two-phase models provide closer estimates of heat-mass transfer due to Brownian and thermophoretic phenomena. Entropy evaluation predicts the details of irreversibility. The mathematical structures are effectively solved with a Runge–Kutta fourth-order algorithm along with a shooting mechanism. The Eyring–Powell parameters decrease the drag coefficient and mass/thermal transport rate. A higher estimation of the slip, material, and magnetic parameters decreases the flow behavior. The Bejan number increases with the diffusion parameter and decreases as the magnetic and Brinkman numbers increase. The effect of iron oxide

(
F

e

2

O

3

)

\left({\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{3})

is observed to be dominant.
Production and radiochemical separation of 68Ge from irradiated Ga–Ni alloy target in 30 MeV cyclotron
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sankha , Singha Samarjit , Ash Shayantani , Barua Luna , Mahesh Devaraj G. , SahaDas Sujata , Madhusmita  , Alam Md. Nayer , Kumar Umesh , Roy Suprakash , Dhang Prosenjit , Dey Santu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gallium-68 [t
1/2: 67.7 min, β+ (89 %)] has application in PET imaging mainly for prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumours. Gallium-68 is generally obtained from a 68Ge/68Ga generator. It is therefore an important task to prepare 68Ge (t
1/2 = 271 days) radiochemical for the manufacture of 68Ge/68Ga generator to cater for the needs of various nuclear medicine centres. Germanium-68 has been produced successfully after irradiation of indigenously developed Ga–Ni targets in a 30 MeV cyclotron and chemical processing of the irradiated targets using an indigenous semi-automated module. The Ga–Ni targets were prepared by an electroplating method. The 68Ge has been radiochemically separated from irradiated Ga–Ni targets using Sephadex G-25 column chromatography. The chemical separation yield and radionuclidic purity of 68Ge were about 70 % (n = 3) and about 98.3 % (n = 3), respectively.
Theoretical analysis of light and heavy-ion induced reactions: production of medically relevant 97Ru
Authors: Sagwal Malvika , Maiti Moumita 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

97Ru is a key radionuclide sought for diagnostic imaging due to its low-energy and intense γ-rays of 215.7 keV and 324.5 keV. New reaction routes to produce this radionuclide are constantly being investigated. A crucial step in carrying out such reactions is a reliable beforehand estimate of the production cross section of radionuclide and optimization conditions through robust theoretical frameworks. Existing literature on α + 95Mo reaction has been freshly examined to understand the excitation function of 97Ru. The data have been compared to other reactions of different projectiles on medium-mass targets. The reaction codes pace4, empire-3.2.2, and talys-1.96 have been employed to decipher the reaction mechanism and check the predictive ability of underlying theoretical models. The yield of 97Ru at different projectile energies and thick target yield in the optimum energy range has also been determined from the theoretical modeling.
Radiochemical and chemical characterization of fuel, salt, and deposit from the electrorefining of irradiated U-6 wt% Zr in hot cells
Authors: Sankar Dwarapudi Bola , Seshadri Rajeswari , Thirunavukkarasu Kalaiyarasu , Pakhui Gurudas , Rao Jakkula Siva Brahmaji , Bera Suranjan , Sreenivasulu Balija , Radhakrishnan Kumaresan , Manoravi Periasamy , Jayaraman Venkataraman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Metal fuels are considered as the promising candidates for future fast breeder reactors. Pyro-chemical reprocessing is the ideal method for reprocessing spent metallic fuels due to the inherent process advantages. Electrorefining run was demonstrated in a hot cell facility with irradiated U-6 wt% Zr alloy at 500 °C using LiCl–KCl eutectic melt. In order to understand the behavior of the actinides and various fission products during high-temperature electrolysis, various process streams, viz., irradiated metal alloy fuel, the eutectic salt, and the cathode deposit were analyzed for the uranium, plutonium, and other fission product contents. Various methods employed for characterizing the process streams and the behaviors of some of the fission products during the electrolysis process are highlighted. The major gamma emitting radionuclides present in the irradiated fuel were 106Ru, 125Sb, 134Cs, 137Cs, 144Ce, and 154Eu. During electrorefining, cesium, cerium and europium were oxidized and dissolved in the molten media, whereas ruthenium and antimony remained in the anode basket. A minor contamination of zirconium was found in the cathode deposit.
Preparation of [64Cu]Cu–NOTA complex as a potential renal PET imaging agent using 64Cu produced via the direct activation route
Authors: Patra Sourav , Jadhav Sachin , Shetty Priyalata , Singh Khajan , Rajeswari Ardhi , Vimalnath K. V. , Chakraborty Avik , Chakravarty Rubel , Chakraborty Sudipta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) could be determined more accurately using renal positron emission tomography (PET) than conventional gamma imaging. Copper-64 [T
½ = 12.7 h, E
β+ (max) = 653 keV, β+ branching ratio = 17.8 %, 1346 keV γ-photon (0.54 %), EC (43.8 %), β− emission (38.4 %)] in the form of its hydrophilic complex with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) is proposed as a potent formulation for renal PET imaging. A lyophilized kit was developed for formulation of ∼370 MBq dose of [64Cu]Cu–NOTA complex in a facile single step process using 64Cu produced by thermal neutron activation in a research reactor. The complex could be synthesized with >99 % yield and retained its integrity even when challenged by apoferritin. The rapid accumulation of [64Cu]Cu–NOTA in the kidney and clearance through urinary path was demonstrated using PET/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution study carried out in healthy Wistar rats to elucidate its effectiveness as a renal PET-imaging agent.
Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area Is Associated With Quadriceps Strength and Rate of Torque Development After ACL Injury
Authors: Graham Megan C. , Thompson Katherine L. , Hawk Gregory S. , Fry Christopher S. , Noehren Brian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Graham, MC, Thompson, KL, Hawk, GS, Fry, CS, and Noehren, B. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area is associated with quadriceps strength and rate of torque development after ACL injury. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): e273–e279, 2024—The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle fiber type–specific properties of the vastus lateralis and quadriceps muscle performance in individuals after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. 26 subjects (22.0 ± 5.4 years) were included in this cross-sectional study, and all data were collected before ACL reconstruction. Quadriceps peak torque (QPT) and early (0–100 ms) and late (100–200 ms) rate of torque development (RTD) were obtained from maximal voluntary isometric quadriceps strength testing. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) and percent fiber type distribution (FT%) were evaluated through immunohistochemical analysis of a muscle biopsy. Between-limb differences in fiber characteristics were assessed using paired t-tests (with α-level 0.05). Relationships between fiber-specific properties and quadriceps muscle performance were determined using separate multiple linear regression analyses for ACL-injured and noninjured limbs. There were significant differences in fCSA between ACL-injured and noninjured limbs across all fiber types, but no differences in FT%. Type 1 fCSA, type 2a fCSA, and their interaction effect were the explanatory variables with the strongest relationship to all performance outcomes for the ACL-injured limb. The explanatory variables in the ACL-injured limb had a significant relationship to QPT and late RTD, but not early RTD. These findings suggest that QPT and late RTD are more heavily influenced by fCSA than FT% in ACL-injured limbs. This work serves as a foundation for the development of more specific rehabilitation strategies aimed at improving quadriceps muscle function before ACL reconstruction or for individuals electing nonsurgical management.
Big Data Anomaly Prediction Algorithm of Smart City Power Internet of Things Based on Parallel Random Forest
Authors: Zheng Sida , Cheng Jie , Xiong Hongzhang , Wang Yanjin , Wang Yuning 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Conventional power data prediction algorithms easily lead to the loss of key power data in a complex wireless network environment. Therefore, a power big data anomaly prediction algorithm based on parallel random forest is proposed. According to the power big data anomaly prediction algorithm based on parallel random forest, a network power big data anomaly prediction algorithm platform is established, and based on the platform, key data features such as user address and power transmission packet structure are extracted according to the category of power users. According to the relationship between power shunt function value and power data unit density, the parameter value of the system and finally the reasonable anomaly prediction of power big data in wireless network are determined. Finally, filter the classified data through attribute reduction and gene expression programming algorithm to obtain the data to be encrypted and complete the research on the anomaly prediction algorithm of power big data. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better prediction performance and can ensure better data prediction effect.
Religion Is of Reduced Importance When Not Needed to Solve the Problems of Social Living
Authors: Caldwell-Harris Catherine L , Everett Daniel L 
Published: February 2024

Purzycki and Sosis (2022) review six categories of how religious traditions solve problems of social living. We apply the six categories to the Pirahã, which the authors discuss as a religious small-scale society. We contend that the Pirahã are not religious, drawing on the six categories to explain why. All members of the Pirahã know each other. Supernatural punishment is thus not needed to curtail dishonesty and norm breaking. Food is sufficient and often abundant. Lack of competition for territory reduces a role for Gods in enforcing wise use of environmental resources. The Pirahã also have a powerful norm, the Immediacy of Experience Principle, which may reduce speculation and eventual reification of supernatural forces. We conclude that the powerful functions served by religion are not evidence that religion is fundamental to human psychology, but the opposite: religion emerges and grows in power as a result of pressure to solve compelling problems of group living. When these problems are absent or are solved by secular mechanisms, religion is absent or of reduced importance.