bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The YouTube Addiction Scale: Psychometric Evidence for a New Instrument Developed Based on the Component Model of Addiction
Authors: Pakpour Amir H. , Jafari Elahe , Zanjanchi Fatemeh , Potenza Marc N. , Lin Chung-Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTechnological advances have created the environment for Internet addiction (IA). A specific form of IA is social media addiction. Moreover, social media addiction may be further classified into general or specific social media addiction, with YouTube addiction among the latter because YouTube is viewed as a video streaming application. The present study aimed to design an instrument assessing YouTube addiction (named as the YouTube Addiction Scale, YAS) for psychometric testing. Guided by the component model of addiction, the YAS included six items corresponding to salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse. Through an online survey, the first sample (N = 530; 50.6% female) completed the YAS together with other measures assessing general social media addiction, psychological distress, and demographic information. Afterward, a second sample (N = 512; 45.5% female) completed the YAS in another period of time. The YAS was found to be unidimensional with strong factor loadings in both exploratory factor analysis (the first sample) and confirmatory factor analysis (the second sample). Internal consistency of the YAS was acceptable for both samples. Using the first sample’s data, Rasch models suggested that the six items in the YAS all fit well in the embedded construct of YouTube addiction. No differential item functioning was displayed for all YAS items across age, gender, and weekly time spent using YouTube. Network analysis results showed that the YAS items grouped together and had a clear distance from all items assessing general social media addiction. In addition, participants with higher levels of YouTube addiction had significantly greater general social media addiction, psychological distress, and time spent on YouTube. The YAS has promising psychometric properties for healthcare providers and researchers to assess individuals’ YouTube addiction levels. Future studies should examine the extent to which with the use of YAS, healthcare providers may monitor the severity of individuals’ YouTube addiction and provide early intervention, if needed.
Colorectal polyp detection in colonoscopy images using YOLO-V8 network
Authors: Lalinia Mehrshad , Sahafi Ali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal tract disorders, including colorectal cancer (CRC), impose a significant health burden in Europe, with rising incidence rates among both young and elderly populations. Timely detection and removal of polyps, the precursors to CRC, are vital for prevention. Conventional colonoscopy, though effective, is prone to human errors. To address this, we propose an artificial intelligence-based polyp detection system using the YOLO-V8 network. We constructed a diverse dataset from multiple publicly available sources and conducted extensive evaluations. YOLO-V8 m demonstrated impressive performance, achieving 95.6% precision, 91.7% recall, and 92.4% F1-score. It outperformed other state-of-the-art models in terms of mean average precision. YOLO-V8 s offered a balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. Our research provides valuable insights into enhancing polyp detection and contributes to the advancement of computer-aided diagnosis for colorectal cancer.
Technical efficiency in banks: a review of methods, recent innovations and future research agenda
Authors: Akdeniz Özlem O. , Abdou Hussein A. , Hayek Ali I. , Nwachukwu Jacinta C. , Elamer Ahmed A. , Pyke Chris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTechnical efficiency in banking is a critical aspect of the financial industry and has been widely studied using various measurement techniques. This systematic literature review offers a comprehensive examination of 305 studies on the application of technical efficiency measurement techniques in both Islamic and conventional banking sectors from 1989 to 2019. Our comprehensive analysis not only provides a broad view of the efficiency measurement literature but also outlines a future research agenda. Despite the extensive research in this field, several issues remain unresolved, including input–output selection, a comparison of efficiency between Islamic and conventional banks, limited cross-country studies, and a lack of exploration into the impact of regulation and Shariah principles. To address these gaps, this review highlights the most commonly used methods, variables, and findings and provides three key recommendations for future research. Three key themes emerge from our examination. First, there is a need to better understand and the application of new frontier techniques other than the traditional methods, which currently dominate the existing literature. Second, the intermediation approach is the most frequently used in variable selection, thus more studies with comparative findings with applications of production and value-added approaches are suggested. Third, the most frequently used input variables are ‘labor’, ‘deposits’ and ‘capital’, whilst ‘loans’ and ‘other earning assets’ are the most popular output variables. We recommend three vital directions for future research: (i) non-interest expenses to be included amongst the inputs, while non-interest income should be added to the list of outputs, especially when estimating efficiency scores of Islamic banks. (ii) The impact of environmental variables such as, inter alia, Shariah principles, country-specific factors, and management quality is suggested to be considered simultaneously in models measuring and comparing the efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks. (iii) The selection of performance metrics employed should be expanded to include both the standard efficiency scores and the Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index (TFP). The paper concludes with research needs and suggests directions for future research.
Cognitive, Mental Health, Functional, and Quality of Life Outcomes 1 Year After Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Rass Verena , Altmann Klaus , Zamarian Laura , Lindner Anna , Kofler Mario , Gaasch Max , Ianosi Bogdan-Andrei , Putnina Lauma , Kindl Philipp , Delazer Margarete , Schiefecker Alois J. , Beer Ronny , Pfausler Bettina , Helbok Raimund 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) frequently encounter cognitive dysfunction and mental health issues with negative effects on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Here, we aimed to describe the prevalence of cognitive deficits, mental health problems, and HR-QoL impairments 1 year after SAH.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, 177 patients with SAH admitted to our neurointensive care unit over a time span of ten years followed the invitation for an in-person 1-year follow-up, including a standardized neuropsychological test battery. Mental health issues (anxiety and depression) and HR-QoL were evaluated using questionnaires (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; 36-item Short Form questionnaire). Functional outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score.

Results
Patients were 54 years of age (interquartile range 47–62 years) and presented with a median Hunt and Hess score of 2 (interquartile range 1–3) at admission. Most patients (93%) achieved good functional 1-year outcomes (mRS score 0–2). Seventy-one percent of patients had deficits in at least one cognitive domain, with memory deficits being the most prevalent (51%), followed by deficits in executive functions (36%), visuoconstruction (34%), and attention (21%). Even patients with perimesencephalic SAH (18%) or with full functional recovery (mRS score = 0, 46%) had a comparable prevalence of cognitive deficits (61% and 60%, respectively). Symptoms of depression and anxiety were reported by 16% and 33% of patients, respectively. HR-QoL was impaired in 37% (55 of 147). Patients with cognitive deficits (p = 0.001) or mental health issues (p < 0.001) more frequently reported impaired HR-QoL.

Conclusions
Most patients with SAH have cognitive deficits and mental health issues 1 year after SAH. These deficits impair patients’ quality of life.
Monitoring of anthropogenic impact on the Port Qasim coastal area, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Alamgir Aamir , Khan Moazzam Ali , Shaukat Syed Shahid , Kazmi Jamil Hassan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the extent of pollution load at Port Qasim coastal area, the second largest port in the country. The samples of sea water were collected from 23 locations, including the samples from Bundal Island situated in the Port Qasim area. Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics to determine the extent of pollution load. Samples were also analyzed for heavy metals including As, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni. The investigation revealed that the Port Qasim Area is grossly polluted from inorganic and organic loads mainly coming from the nearby industrial setup. Extensively high organic load was found at the site receiving the wastewater from the Landhi Cattle colony. PQ-6 receives untreated wastewater from oil industries as exhibited by its high oil content. PQ-14 is receiving untreated industrial discharges from the nearby chemical industries and represents a very high pollution load. The sites closed to Bundal Island are relatively less polluted. The mangroves in the area are constantly under threat owing to the indiscriminate discharge of both domestic and industrial effluents. The concentration of DO although not on higher side but at least prevents the anoxic condition in the area. Out of all the heavy metals the concentration of Cr and Pb was exceptionally higher. The distribution of heavy metals demonstrated a typical diffusion pattern from the land to the sea. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis of the data showed the major gradients, similarities of localities and the variables of importance in terms of overall variability in the pollution characteristics. It is concluded that the level of pollution is increasing at an alarming rate, which is detrimental to the biodiversity of the coastal area.
A comprehensive review on synthesis and application of nanocomposites for adsorption of chromium: status and future prospective
Authors: Katiyar Shakti , Katiyar Rajesh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of heavy metals in water bodies can cause major problems for human, plant, and animal life. Excessive amounts or over the prescribed limits of heavy metals in water bodies usually contaminates the water, this type of water is called polluted water and this whole process is known as water pollution. Regular consumption of heavy metal-contaminated water above prescribed limits can cause various diseases and sometimes even lead to death. Heavy metals like chromium, arsenic, lead, mercury etc. are more toxic and are easily found in water bodies due to anthropogenic and natural activities. The presence of these heavy metals in water even in tiny concentrations is dangerous to human and animal health. Due to its highly toxic nature, it is paramount to remove these pollutants from water bodies before human use. Adsorption is the best technique to remove these pollutants from wastewater based on cost, efficiency, and feasibility. For the adsorption process, a variety of adsorbent materials have been synthesized by researchers in the past few decades, and yet it remains a challenge for researchers and scientists to synthesize a cost-effective and highly efficient adsorbent. In this prospect, water treatment by adsorption process, nano-composites are emerging materials that show excellent adsorption characteristics due to their outstanding material properties, manageable and low-cost production, and excellent adsorption capacity for chromium adsorption from wastewater. The various nanocomposite adsorbent material prepared by different types of nanoparticles that are supported or embedded on biomass/biochar/graphene/polymer/etc. and used for chromium adsorption have been incorporated. The physio-chemical and structural characteristics of nanocomposites are covered in this review paper. Furthermore, the impact of various adsorption conditions, together with their benefits and drawbacks, on the effectiveness of water treatment are discussed. This thorough review concludes with a summary and some ideas about novel strategies and difficulties in the investigation of advanced and hybrid nanocomposite materials used to remove Cr(VI) from wastewater.
The Fisher metric as a metric on the cotangent bundle
Authors: Nagaoka Hiroshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Fisher metric on a manifold of probability distributions is usually treated as a metric on the tangent bundle. In this paper, we focus on the metric on the cotangent bundle induced from the Fisher metric with calling it the Fisher co-metric. We show that the Fisher co-metric can be defined directly without going through the Fisher metric by establishing a natural correspondence between cotangent vectors and random variables. This definition clarifies a close relation between the Fisher co-metric and the variance/covariance of random variables, whereby the Cramér-Rao inequality is trivialized. We also discuss the monotonicity and the invariance of the Fisher co-metric with respect to Markov maps, and present a theorem characterizing the co-metric by the invariance, which can be regarded as a cotangent version of Čencov’s characterization theorem for the Fisher metric. The obtained theorem can also be viewed as giving a characterization of the variance/covariance.
Indoles and the advances in their biotechnological production for industrial applications
Authors: Ferrer Lenny , Mindt Melanie , Wendisch Volker F. , Cankar Katarina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIndole is a signalling molecule produced both by bacteria and plants. In this review its signalling role between microbes and in particular in the human gut is discussed. Besides the natural roles, indole also has value for flavour and fragrance applications, for example, in food industry or perfumery. Additionally, indole can be derivatized to several halogenated and oxygenated compounds that can be used as natural colourants or have promising bioactivity with therapeutic potential to treat human diseases. Indole is traditionally obtained from coal tar. Biocatalytic approaches have been developed to convert indole into halogenated and oxygenated derivatives. This review will discuss recent advances in production of indole from glucose or tryptophan by fermentation and the production of derived halogenated and oxygenated derivatives by microbial cell factories.
Community scientist program provides bi-directional communication and co-learning between researchers and community members
Authors: Alvarado Jessica , Strong Larkin L. , Buzcu-Guven Birnur , Thompson Leonetta B. , Cantu Erica , Carrier Chelsea C. , Chukwu Chiamaka D. , Harris Cassandra L. , Melendez Luz K. , Roberson Crystal L. , Ross Angela M. , Russell Sophia C. , Sanchez Pablo , Tahanan Amirali , Zdenek Blair C. , Reininger Belinda M. , McNeill Lorna H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Community involvement in research is key to translating science into practice, and new approaches to engaging community members in research design and implementation are needed. The Community Scientist Program, established at the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston in 2018 and expanded to two other Texas institutions in 2021, provides researchers with rapid feedback from community members on study feasibility and design, cultural appropriateness, participant recruitment, and research implementation. This paper aims to describe the Community Scientist Program and assess Community Scientists' and researchers' satisfaction with the program. We present the analysis of the data collected from 116 Community Scientists and 64 researchers who attended 100 feedback sessions, across three regions of Texas including Northeast Texas, Houston, and Rio Grande Valley between June 2018 and December 2022. Community Scientists stated that the feedback sessions increased their knowledge and changed their perception of research. All researchers (100%) were satisfied with the feedback and reported that it influenced their current and future research methods. Our evaluation demonstrates that the key features of the Community Scientist Program such as follow-up evaluations, effective bi-directional communication, and fair compensation transform how research is conducted and contribute to reducing health disparities.
“That is why users do not understand the maps we make for them”: Cartographic gaps between experts and domestic workers and the Right to the City
Authors: Montoya-Robledo Valentina 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A broad gap exists between “God’s eye” transit maps from above that experts draw and how domestic workers map their commutes in Bogotá and Medellín, Colombia, through a street-level approach. Based on fieldwork conducted in both cities between 2017 and 2018, including interviews, participant observation, and social cartography, this translational article brings domestic workers’ understanding of the city they traverse daily vis-à-vis how experts conceive modern and rational public transportation systems. Delving into the literature on cartography, the Right to the City (RtC), and feminist geography, the study analyzes this gap and finds how it limits an effective RtC for this massive group of female commuters. It further provides public policy recommendations to address the gap and ensure RtC for all.
Evaluation of a community-based intervention for youth mental health in rural Ireland
Authors: Corley Emma , Moran Ellen , Heary Caroline , Gardiner Peadar , Donohoe Gary 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground:This study aimed to provide information about pathways to care and clinical response to community-based brief interventions for improving youth mental health through evaluating the Mindspace Mayo service.Methods:Participants were 1,184 individuals aged 12–25 years (Mean = 17.92, SD = 2.66) who engaged with the Mindspace service. Demographic information included gender, age and living situation. The Clinical Outcome in Routine Evaluation (CORE) was used to measure psychological distress before and after attending the Mindspace service between February 2015 and 2022.Results:On average, individuals received six sessions of therapeutic support. Analyses indicated that most referrals were made by either a parent (40%) or self-referral (38%). The most frequent reason for referral was mood and anxiety-related issues. Across the entire sample, reductions in CORE scores were both statistically and clinically significant. Neither the source of the referral nor living situation significantly predicted intervention response. Complexity of issues presented at referral significantly predicted a reduction in psychological distress post-intervention in young people aged over 17 years.Conclusions:This study highlighted the value of primary care mental health services for young people aged 12–25 years, and underlined the importance of recording electronic data to track referral pathways, reasons for referral and the intervention outcomes over time.
Is evoking fear effective? Exploratory findings from a randomised experiment on the impacts of health warning labels on sugar-sweetened beverages
Authors: Malik Shelly , Ong Zoe 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Health warning labels (HWL) have been suggested to be effective in reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Yet, the efficacy and acceptability of SSB HWL of different formats (textual/pictorial) and severity remain unclear. This exploratory study aims to examine the extent and mechanism through which HWL of different formats and severity may affect responses towards the HWL and SSB consumption.

Design:
Randomised online experiment. Participants were exposed to images of a hypothetical SSB bearing a HWL of one of three conditions: text-only HWL, moderately severe pictorial HWL and highly severe pictorial HWL. They then responded to theory-based affective, cognitive and behavioural measures.

Setting:
Singapore

Participants:
One hundred and twenty-seven young adult consumers from a public university

Results:
Direct effects were found for fear, avoidance, reactance and acceptability of the HWL, but not attitude, intention or motivation to consume less SSB. Pictorial (moderately severe and highly severe) HWL were associated with greater fear, avoidance, and reactance, and lower acceptability than text-only HWL. There was weak evidence that highly severe pictorial HWL resulted in greater reactance than moderately severe pictorial HWL. Fear mediated the effect of HWL of different severity levels on avoidance, reactance, intention and motivation, but not for attitude or acceptability.

Conclusions:
Exploratory findings indicate that although pictorial HWL were less acceptable, they may still be effective in influencing intention and motivation to reduce SSB consumption through the psychological mechanism of fear. Hence, graphic HWL should not be dismissed too quickly when considering strategies for reducing SSB consumption.
Ours to eat and own: assessing the feasibility of a cooperative meal-kit service to improve food access
Authors: Robinson-Oghogho Joelle N , Gittelsohn Joel , Bowie Janice , Dankwa Lois , Thorpe Roland J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Although typically serving higher income and younger demographic groups, meal-kit subscription services have the potential to improve food availability and dietary quality in communities experiencing low food access due to systemic discrimination. This study describes the development and characteristics of a pilot community-led meal-kit service (SouthEats) and evaluates key implementation outcomes of adoption, acceptability, and feasibility among households experiencing less income.

Design:
We utilised a mixed methods study design, including data from administrative records, customer surveys and worker interviews. Thematic qualitative analyses and descriptive quantitative analyses were conducted to illuminate the characteristics and extent the pilot meal-kit service was adopted, acceptable, and financially feasible among the target populations.

Setting:
The study took place in Washington DC, USA.

Participants:
Study participants included SouthEats consumers (n 35) and workers (n 3).

Results:
During the pilot period, sixty-seven community members signed up for the meal-kit service, with 52 % making recurring purchases. Our results suggest that the meal-kit service is acceptable among people living in low food access areas. Our feasibility analysis indicates that, although not without challenges, the SouthEats model could be financially feasible.

Conclusion:
These preliminary insights can inform the scalability and potential replication of this service and provide foundational evidence for an approach that may be used to improve food access.