bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed anterior segment complications after the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity with laser photocoagulation
Authors: Ajjarapu Aparna , Dumitrescu Alina 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis retrospective cohort study presents a group of patients who underwent laser therapy for retinopathy of prematurity and presented with delayed anterior segment complications.MethodsThe charts of infants treated with laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity at our institution between 1988 and 2020 were reviewed. The data extracted included demographics, treatment and clinical examination findings, and those on visual acuity, surgical procedures, and cycloplegic refraction. The inclusion criteria were documented anterior segment changes during the follow-up period. The exclusion criteria were any prior intraocular surgery or inflammation before signs of anterior segment complications developed. The exposure was laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity and the main outcomes were anterior segment complications, visual acuity, and cycloplegic refraction.ResultsA total of 183 charts were reviewed. Sixteen eyes of nine patients (4.4%) met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up period after laser treatment was 15.9 years (range 10 years–26 years). The mean gestational age at birth was 24.6 weeks (range 23 weeks–27 weeks), and the mean age at first clinical documentation of anterior segment complications was 8.7 years (range 1 years–25 years). The complications included cataract (n = five patients/eight eyes) and glaucoma (n = three patients/five eyes), with the most frequent complication being band keratopathy (n = nine patients/15 eyes). A total of five out of 16 eyes underwent surgical procedures due to anterior segment complications. After treatment, visual acuity improved back to its baseline value in four out of five of the treated eyes, and improved, but not to its baseline value, in one out of five of the treated eyes. All the patients developed progressive high myopia over the follow-up period.ConclusionsAnterior segment complications after laser photocoagulation for retinopathy of prematurity may develop later in life. They affect patients’ visual acuity and quality of life and may require treatment.
Integrated cognitive behavioral intervention for functional tics (I-CBiT): case reports and treatment formulation
Authors: Maxwell Amanda , Zouki Jade-Jocelyne , Eapen Valsamma 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic saw a global surge in functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs). FTLBs are unique from primary tic disorders. They are thought to manifest through a complex interplay between environmental and personal factors, including the stress-arousal system, and are characterized by their sudden and explosive onset. Accordingly, common interventions for tic disorders show limited efficacy in this population. We present an Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Functional Tics (I-CBiT) that uses an urge acceptance model to manage tics and related stress and anxiety.MethodsWe describe the treatment outcomes of eight young people presenting with new and sudden onset FTLBs who underwent I-CBiT, which integrates traditional behavioral tic interventions with third-wave cognitive behavioral therapies. All cases completed the three-phase intervention involving core components of psychoeducation, exposure and response prevention with urge acceptance, sensory grounding strategies, and cognitive behavioral intervention targeting the stress-arousal system. Tic severity and impairment were assessed prior to treatment and at completion.ResultsAll cases showed a significant reduction in tic severity post I-CBiT and an improvement in overall daily living function. These cases highlight the role of urge acceptance in managing both tic urges and the underlying stress-arousal system to bring about long-term change.ConclusionWe demonstrated the efficacy of I-CBiT for managing FTLBs. Our findings illustrate the importance of treating underlying stress and anxiety in this population and, therefore, a need for greater interaction between multidisciplinary services in managing FTLBs to comprehensively cover the varied symptom presentations linked to thoughts, emotions, bodily sensations, and stress responses.
A deep learning model adjusting for infant gender, age, height, and weight to determine whether the individual infant suit ultrasound examination of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
Authors: Chen Xiaoyi , Zhang Shuangshuang , Shi Wei , Wu Dechao , Huang Bingxuan , Tao Hongwei , He Xuezhi , Xu Na 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the correlation between specific indicators and the quality of hip joint ultrasound images in infants and determine whether the individual infant suit ultrasound examination for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).MethodWe retrospectively selected infants aged 0–6 months, undergone ultrasound imaging of the left hip joint between September 2021 and March 2022 at Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. Using the entropy weighting method, weights were assigned to anatomical structures. Moreover, prospective data was collected from infants aged 5–11 months. The left hip joint was imaged, scored and weighted as before. The correlation between the weighted image quality scores and individual indicators were studied, with the last weighted image quality score used as the dependent variable and the individual indicators used as independent variables. A Long-short term memory (LSTM) model was used to fit the data and evaluate its effectiveness. Finally, The randomly selected images were manually measured and compared to measurements made using artificial intelligence (AI).ResultsAccording to the entropy weight method, the weights of each anatomical structure as follows: bony rim point 0.29, lower iliac limb point 0.41, and glenoid labrum 0.30. The final weighted score for ultrasound image quality is calculated by multiplying each score by its respective weight. Infant gender, age, height, and weight were found to be significantly correlated with the final weighted score of image quality (P &lt; 0.05). The LSTM fitting model had a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.95. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for the α and β angles between manual measurement and AI measurement was 0.98 and 0.93, respectively.ConclusionThe quality of ultrasound images for infants can be influenced by the individual indicators (gender, age, height, and weight). The LSTM model showed good fitting efficiency and can help clinicians select whether the individual infant suit ultrasound examination of DDH.
Randomised controlled trial to compare the effect of PIOMI (structured) and routine oromotor (unstructured) stimulation in improving readiness for oral feeding in preterm neonates
Authors: Singh Pari , Malshe Nandini , Kallimath Aditya , Garegrat Reema , Verma Arjun , Nagar Nandini , Maheshwari Rajesh , Suryawanshi Pradeep 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundOral motor stimulation interventions improve oral feeding readiness and earlier full oral feeding in preterm neonates. However, using a structured method may improve the transition time to full oral feeds and feeding efficiency with respect to weight gain and exclusive breastfeeding when compared to an unstructured intervention.ObjectiveTo compare the effect of Premature Infant Oral Motor Intervention (PIOMI) and routine oromotor stimulation (OMS) on oral feeding readiness.MethodsRandomised controlled trial conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit between June-December 2022. Preterm neonates, 29+0–33+6 weeks corrected gestational age, were studied. The intervention group received PIOMI and the control group received OMS. Primary outcome: time to oral feeding readiness by Premature Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (POFRAS) score ≥30. Secondary outcomes: time to full oral feeds, duration of hospitalisation, weight gain, and exclusive breastfeeding rates.ResultsA total of 84 neonates were included and were randomised 42 each in PIOMI and OMS groups. The mean chronological age and time to oral feeding readiness were lower by 4.6 and 2.7 days, respectively, for PIOMI. The transition time to full oral feeds was 2 days lower for PIOMI and the duration of hospitalisation was 8 days lower. The average weight gain was 4.9 g/kg/day more and the exclusive breastfeeding rates at 1 month and 3 months post-discharge were higher by 24.5% and 27%, respectively, for the PIOMI group. The subgroup analysis of study outcomes based on sex and weight for gestational age showed significant weight gain on oral feeds in neonates receiving PIOMI. Similarly, the subgroup analysis based on gestational age favoured the PIOMI group with significantly earlier transition time and weight gain on oral feeds for the neonates &gt;28 weeks of gestational age. The odds of achieving oral feeding readiness by 30 days [OR 1.558 (0.548–4.426)], full oral feeds by 45 days [OR 1.275 (0.449–3.620)], and exclusive breastfeeding at 1 month [OR 6.364 (1.262–32.079)] and 3 months [3.889 (1.186–12.749)] after discharge were higher with PIOMI.ConclusionPIOMI is a more effective oromotor stimulation method for earlier and improved oral feeding in preterm neonates.
Clinical trial registrationhttps://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pdf_generate.php?trialid=70054&amp;EncHid=34792.72281&amp;modid=1&amp;compid=19','70054det', identifier, CTRI/2022/06/043048.
Minocycline synergizes with corticosteroids in reducing colitis severity in mice via the modulation of pro-inflammatory molecules
Authors: Khajah Maitham A. , Hawai Sanaa , Barakat Ahmad , Albaloushi Aisha , Alkharji Maha , Masocha Willias 
Published: November 2023

Background: A few studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory properties of minocycline in reducing colitis severity in mice, but its molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory properties of minocycline and the expression/activity profiles of molecules involved in pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, cytokines, and molecules involved in the apoptotic machinery. The synergistic effect between minocycline and corticosteroids was also evaluated.Methods: The effects of various treatment approaches were determined in mice using the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model at gross and microscopic levels. The expression/activity profiles of various pro- or anti-inflammatory molecules were determined using Western blotting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Minocycline treatment significantly reduced colitis severity using prophylactic and treatment approaches and produced a synergistic effect with budesonide and methylprednisolone in reducing the active state of colitis. This was mediated in part through reduced colonic expression/activity of pro-inflammatory molecules, cytokines, proteins involved in the apoptotic machinery, and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.Conclusion: Minocycline synergizes with corticosteroids to reduce colitis severity, which could reduce their dose-dependent side effects and treatment cost. The reduction in colitis severity was achieved by modulating the expression/activity profiles of various pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules, cytokines, and molecules involved in the apoptotic machinery.
Diagnostics and treatments of COVID-19: two-year update to a living systematic review of economic evaluations
Authors: Elvidge Jamie , Hopkin Gareth , Narayanan Nithin , Nicholls David , Dawoud Dalia 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: As the initial crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic recedes, healthcare decision makers are likely to want to make rational evidence-guided choices between the many interventions now available. We sought to update a systematic review to provide an up-to-date summary of the cost-effectiveness evidence regarding tests for SARS-CoV-2 and treatments for COVID-19.Methods: Key databases, including MEDLINE, EconLit and Embase, were searched on 3 July 2023, 2 years on from the first iteration of this review in July 2021. We also examined health technology assessment (HTA) reports and the citations of included studies and reviews. Peer-reviewed studies reporting full health economic evaluations of tests or treatments in English were included. Studies were quality assessed using an established checklist, and those with very serious limitations were excluded. Data from included studies were extracted into predefined tables.Results: The database search identified 8,287 unique records, of which 54 full texts were reviewed, 28 proceeded for quality assessment, and 15 were included. Three further studies were included through HTA sources and citation checking. Of the 18 studies ultimately included, 17 evaluated treatments including corticosteroids, antivirals and immunotherapies. In most studies, the comparator was standard care. Two studies in lower-income settings evaluated the cost effectiveness of rapid antigen tests and critical care provision. There were 17 modelling analyses and 1 trial-based evaluation.Conclusion: A large number of economic evaluations of interventions for COVID-19 have been published since July 2021. Their findings can help decision makers to prioritise between competing interventions, such as the repurposed antivirals and immunotherapies now available to treat COVID-19. However, some evidence gaps remain present, including head-to-head analyses, disease-specific utility values, and consideration of different disease variants.Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021272219], identifier [PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021272219].
Case report: Olverembatinib monotherapy: the chemotherapy-free regimen for an elderly patient with relapsed Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Ding Jianghua , Li Wen 
Published: November 2023

Background: The advent of first- and second-generation BCR/ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib and dasatinib, has markedly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+-ALL). However, due to acquired drug resistance, most Ph+-ALL patients experience relapse. Thus, third-generation BCR/ABL1 TKIs, including ponatinib and olverembatinib, have been developed with the aim of overcoming drug resistance.Case report: A 79-year-old woman presented with intermittent fever and fatigue for 4 days. After comprehensive cytogenetic examination, the patient was diagnosed with Ph+-B-ALL. Starting on 22 September 2021, a combined regimen of flumatinib and vincristine/prednisone (VP) was administered for seven cycles, followed by flumatinib maintenance therapy. The patient remained in first complete molecular remission (1st CMR) for 19 months. On 12 March 2023, she again complained of fatigue and loss of appetite for nearly a month. A comprehensive examination showed Ph+-B-ALL relapse with additional E255V mutation, although T315I mutation was negative. In view of her frail physical condition, she received olverembatinib monotherapy and achieved second CMR (second CMR). No severe toxicities were recorded except for mild fatigue. At present, she has been in second CMR for over 6 months.Conclusion: For elderly patients with relapsed Ph+-ALL, olverembatinib monotherapy may offer a novel option with a good safety profile, suggesting the feasibility of a chemo-free regimen.
Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. older adults: self-reported pandemic-related concerns and consequences in a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Sams Nichole , Darnell Doyanne , Fisher Dylan , Allred Ryan , Huyhn Kathy , Mosser Brittany A. , Areán Patricia A. 
Published: November 2023

Background and objectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore COVID-19 pandemic-related concerns among a racially and ethnically representative sample of older adults in the U.S.Research design and methodsParticipants were 501 English-speaking adults 60 years and older recruited online nationally across the U.S. from Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) and Prolific Research Platforms during June of 2020. Data comes from a larger cross-sectional survey. We content analyzed open-ended responses about pandemic-related concerns and observed responses to a checklist of items created by the research team to assess for specific physical, social, and financial consequences experienced due to the pandemic.ResultsA majority of the sample (92%) reported at least one pandemic-related concern, with the highest percentage expressing concerns coded as Concern for Others (28%), Physical Health (27%), Socializing (24%), Finance (15%) and Socio-Political-Economic (14%). Participants reported high concern severity (M = 4.03, SD = 1.04) about their concerns mentioned in response to the open-ended concerns question. When prompted with a checklist of items, participants frequently endorsed disruption in social activities as a consequence of the pandemic (83%), disruptions that could impact physical health (45%), and concern over finances as a consequence of the pandemic (41%).Discussion and implicationsOlder adults most frequently mentioned concerns about the well-being and behavior of others, one’s own physical health, and the impacts of the pandemic and social distancing policies on social activities. Findings align with the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and point to the importance of supporting older adults to maintain meaningful social engagement under conditions of a pandemic and social distancing policies.
Learning with self-generated drawings and the impact of learners’ emotional states
Authors: Navratil Sabrina D. , Kühl Tim 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe present study examined the influence of emotional states when learning with self-generated drawings. It was assumed that learners in a positive emotional state would profit from learning with self-generated drawings, while learners in a negative emotional state would not profit from this strategy to the same extent but would rather benefit through reading.MethodsUniversity students (N  =  123) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions resulting from a 2  ×  2 design with self-generated drawings (yes vs. no) and emotional state (positive vs. negative) as independent variables.ResultsResults showed that learning with self-generated drawings was more beneficial for a following transfer test than learning without drawings – irrespective of a learner’s emotional state. The quality of self-generated drawings predicted the learning outcomes of the retention and pictorial test, but not for transfer.DiscussionMissing effects of emotional states and the missing interaction with self-generated drawings will be discussed.
Visual-motor involvement in autism spectrum disorder: could the stereopsis deficit affect motor coordination?
Authors: Longo Rosa , Allegrini Francesca , Gusson Elena , Morbio Roberta , Di Gennaro Gianfranco , Gozzi Luigi Alberto , Marchini Giorgio , Zoccante Leonardo 
Published: November 2023

PurposeGiven the known difficulty in sensory processing and in motor skills in patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and since visual impairment could interfere with children’s behaviour, early detection and management of visual-motor difficulties are crucial. This exploratory study aims to evaluate the visual-motor status in a cohort of children affected by ASD.MethodsThe records of patients affected by ASD and admitted between 2018 and 2022 to the Pediatric University Hospital of Verona were reviewed. Best Corrected Visual Acuity, cycloplegic refraction, stereopsis, convergence, complete ocular motility, strabismus examination, slit-lamp anterior segment examination and fundus ophthalmoscopy were collected and reviewed.ResultsA total of 253 patients (203 ASD and 50 healthy controls) were included in the study. A higher number of total orthoptic defects were detected in the ASD group, in comparison with the control group. Specifically, a higher percentage of stereopsis deficit and convergence insufficiency was observed.ConclusionIn our cohort of children with ASD stereopsis deficit, convergence insufficiency and refractive errors are the most observed ocular conditions. These findings are consistent with the known alterations of motor skills and sensory processing in ASD. Moreover, our study supports the hypothesis that visual acuity is not compromised in children with ASD. As a result, a complete ophthalmic evaluation is highly recommended in children with ASD, to guarantee early detection and treatment of possible visual-motor defects.
Patient safety discourse in a pandemic: a Twitter hashtag analysis study on #PatientSafety
Authors: Litvinova Olena , Matin Farhan Bin , Matin Maima , Zima-Kulisiewicz Bogumila , Tomasik Cyprian , Siddiquea Bodrun Naher , Stoyanov Jivko , Atanasov Atanas G. , Willschke Harald 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe digitalization of medicine is becoming a transformative force in modern healthcare systems. This study aims to investigate discussions regarding patient safety, as well as summarize perceived approaches to mitigating risks of adverse events expressed through the #PatientSafety Twitter hashtag during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis research is grounded in the analysis of data extracted from Twitter under the hashtag #PatientSafety between December 1, 2019 and February 1, 2023. Symplur Signals, which represents a tool offering a method to monitor tweets containing hashtags registered with the Symplur Healthcare Hashtag Project, was used for analyzing the tweets shared in the study period. For text analytics of the relevant data, we further used the word cloud generator MonkeyLearn, and VOSviewer.ResultsThe analysis encompasses 358′809 tweets that were shared by 90′079 Twitter users, generating a total of 1′183’384′757 impressions. Physicians contributed to 18.65% of all tweets, followed by other healthcare professionals (14.31%), and health-focused individuals (10.91%). Geographically, more than a third of tweets (60.90%) were published in the United States. Canada and India followed in second and third positions, respectively. Blocks of trending terms of greater interest to the global Twitter community within the hashtag #PatientSafety were determined to be: “Patient,” “Practical doctors,” and “Health Care Safety Management.” The findings demonstrate the engagement of the Twitter community with COVID-19 and problems related to the training, experience of doctors and patients during a pandemic, communication, the vaccine safety and effectiveness, and potential use of off-label drugs. Noteworthy, in the field of pharmacovigilance, Twitter has the possibility of identifying adverse reactions associated with the use of drugs, including vaccines. The issue of medical errors has been also discussed by Twitter users using the hashtag #PatientSafety.ConclusionIt is clear that various stakeholders, including students, medical practitioners, health organizations, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory bodies, leverage Twitter to rapidly exchange medical information, data on the disease symptoms, and the drug effects. Consequently, there is a need to further integrate Twitter-derived data into the operational routines of healthcare organizations.