bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusion
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It seems to me that to accept a doctrine of creation of the kind I have been developing is in fact to deploy a model which allows one to recognize ecological changes, problems, value-judgements, evils, etc. for what they are. This satisfies the second criterion, that a model of reality must facilitate wise ecological decisions, in that such a picture ( or model) of nature as creation can incorporate current scientific understandings of man in his global ecosystems and can elicit ecologically desirable and realistic perceptions on the world.
Future And Hope In Contemporary Theology
Authors: Peacocke Arthur 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Christian reflection on the relation between the ‘last things’ and present reality, with its hopes and fears, inevitably involves conclusions about the interrelations of past, present, and future. This cannot but be interlocked with the developments in the concept of time which have resulted from relativity and quantum theory and which philosophy is still in the process of digesting.
Phenomenal Belief, Phenomenal Concepts, and Phenomenal Properties in a Two-Dimensional Framework
Authors: Nida-Rumelin Martine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Peter, who is looking at the cloudless sky during the day, and Eve, who is looking at a painting of Yves Klein, have something in common. They both have a visual experience that has a common feature with respect to the color sensation. They are both having a blue sensation. The property of having a blue sensation is a paradigmatic example of phenomenal properties. Phenomenal properties arc often conceived of as properties of inner events or processes. I prefer to think of phenomenal properties as properties of sentient beings. A person who never had color experiences may have a concept of the property of having blue experiences (acquired by talking with sighted people or by reading books) but she does not have a phenomenal concept of having blue experiences. Phenomenal concepts are acquired on the basis of one’s own experiences of the relevant kind. Phenomenal concepts of having color experiences of particular kinds are acquired on the basis of one’s own color experiences. The question of how to account for the relation between phenomenal concepts and phenomenal properties is at the center of the current debate about the ontological status of consciousness.
Assertion Revisited: On the Interpretation of Two-Dimensional Modal Semantics
Authors: Stalnaker Robert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Beginning more than twenty-five years ago, two-dimensional modal semantics has been applied to the interpretation of speech and thought in a number of different ways. More recently, the two-dimensional semantic apparatus has been deployed (by Frank Jackson and David Chalmers, among others) in philosophical arguments about the role of conceptual analysis and reductive explanation, and in the clarification of the notions of a priori knowledge and truth. Different philosophers have applied the apparatus to examples in the same way, bur have given contrasting interpretations of those applications, and have drawn different philosophical conclusions about their significance. My intention in this paper is to try to clarify the question of interpretation, and the contrasting ways of answering it. I will defend one kind of interpretation, but my main aim is to draw a contrast between two very different ways of thinking about intentionality that I think are implicit in the different ways of understanding the framework. I will begin with a look back at my own early attempts to deploy this framework, at the way I understood the problem to which it was a response, and the way I was interpreting it. Second, I will sketch a contrasting interpretation, which generalizes David Kaplan’s semantics for context-dependent expressions. Third, I will look at David Chalmers’s different way of contrasting the different interpretations, and at the account that he defends. Finally, I will describe and criticize the internalise approach to intentionality that I think is required by the alternative interpretations of the two-dimensional semantic framework.
Two-Dimensionalism and Kripkean A Posteriori Necessity
Authors: Wong Kai-Yee 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Three decades on, despite wide acceptance of Kripke’s examples of necessary a posteriori truths, the question of how to explain such truths is still very much alive. A notable, extremely promising approach is the two-dimensional strategy, which derives from various writings on ‘Naming and Necessity’ (Kripke 1972) by Marcin Davies and Lloyd Humberstone (1980), David Kaplan (1989), David Lewis (1981), Robert Stalnaker (I 978), and, most recently and explicitly, David Chalmers (1996, 2004), Frank Jackson (1998) and Kai-Yee Wong (1990, 1996a). Yet, as I will argue, most proponents of the two-dimensional approach seem unaware of, or have paid inadequate attention to, a serious objection, one that threatens to undermine not only their particular arguments, but the very idea of a two-dimensional explanation of a posteriori necessity. In this essay, I will explain this objection, the dualproposition problem, by explicating the associated-proposition strategy that underpins the explanations proposed by Jackson and Chalmers. I will also indicate how I think two-dimensionalists can best respond to chis threat.
Gender, Modernity, and the Popular Press in Inter-War Britain
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Journalists often claim that they write the first draft of history, but few historians examine the press in detail when preparing later drafts. This book demonstrates the value of popular newspapers as a historical source by using them to explore the attitudes and identites of inter-war Britain, and in particular the reshaping of femininity and masculinity. It provides a fresh insight into a period of great significance in the making of twentieth century gender identities, when women and men were coming to terms with the upheavals of the Great War, the arrival of democracy, and rapid social change. The book also deepens our understanding of the development of the modern media by showing how newspaper editors, in the fierce competition for readers, developed a template for the popular press that is still influential today.
The Evolution of the Popular Daily Press
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Inter-war popular journalism was conducted in the shadow of Lord North diffe, the founder of the first two million-selling daily papers, the Daily Mail and the Daily Mirror. To his admirers, such as his self-appointed heir Lord Beaverbrook, he was the ‘greatest figure who ever strode down Fleet Street’; to his detractors he was the man ‘whose interference with reading habits alone . . . effectively put literature out of the reach of the average man’. Few doubted his cultural significance, however, or the influence of his model for the popular daily newspaper. The launch of the Daily Mail in May 1896 quickly became a landmark in press history to match the ending of the ‘taxes on knowledge’.
The Discourse of Modernity
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The behaviour of young men and women is scrutinized and criticized in the journalism and literature of all modern societies. The belief that the corning generation will challenge or undermine the standards of the present is a recurring human theme. Those women who defied the conventions of femininity in Victorian and Edwardian England were certainly no exception. Eliza Lynn Lintons famous attack on ‘the Girl of the Period’ in the Saturday Review in 1868 sparked off a heated controversy in the press; the so-called ‘New Woman’ of the 1890s, and the pre-war suffragettes, similarly provoked extensive debates in newspapers and magazines.
Masculinity: Ideals and Anxieties
Authors: Bingham Adrian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By the 1930s the popular daily press had embraced the female reading audience so conspicuously that it was difficult to regard newspapers any longer as directed above all at men. For some observers this was a matter of great regret. For others, however, it signaled a commercial opportunity. In December 1935 C. Arthur Pearson Ltd, the publishing company established by the founder of the Daily Express, launched Men Only, the first lifestyle magazine in Britain specifically for men, to try to capitalize on a perceived gap in the market. The new magazine was necessary, argued its editor, because the rest of the media was effeminate, offering only ‘castrated nonsense’. Every daily paper was now afraid to ‘fully and fairly support’ the ‘man’s point of view ’ in case it lost the ‘draper’s advertisements’.
Emergence and Transcendence
Authors: Clayton Philip 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The previous chapters have sought to defend emergence theory on the basis of contemporary science. It is helpful to review the course of the argument to this point: the one natural world exhibits different kinds of properties at different levels, and different kinds of causation are at work at these various levels. There may be a very large number of such levels, with subtle gradations between them, or there may be a smaller number of basic levels. Mind or mental properties present us with an especially clear, albeit an especially difficult, example of emergence. Conscious states and experiences are not found in the individual neurons; they emerge out of the massively complex system that is the human brain.
Between the Old and the Middle of English
Authors: Cannon Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This unified world created by the human Spirit is itself a complete entirety, which, in the determinate form of its existence, is objectively valid, and in essential relation with which every unit of our common humanity who is actively engaged with the vital concerns of art must infallibly remain.’Middle English’, it has recently been observed, is a’rather funny period’, a whole only assembled by a’very mixed bag’ of linguistic criteria, a cate- gory wholly vulnerable to the very logic by which it has been confected (as Roger Lass has shown, a very simple thought experiment can summon up a past moment when what we now call the’Middle’ was effectively’Modern’ as well as a future moment, sufficiently remote, in which the’Modern’ will fall squarely in the middle of the past).
Analytical Survey : Actually Existing Anglo-Saxon Studies
Authors: Lees Clare A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anglo Saxon Studies is a thriving discipline, whether we consider the number of books, editions, and articles published each year (which appears to be both steady and increasing) or examine the activity of publication series.1 The field’s self-representation in the form of dedicated journals, newsletters, and professional organizations is lively. Research in the discipline is more securely supported than ever before by the Toronto Old English Dictionary, with its on-line corpus, as well as by the two projects on the sources of Anglo-Saxon writing: Fontes Anglo Saxonici and its sister project, the Sources of Anglo-Saxon Literary Culture (SASLC).
The Queen
Authors: Rogers Pat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The main function of Queen Anne in Pope’s design is almost self-evident. She appears in the role of ‘Great Anna’ (327)she reigns, too, as ‘the British Queen’ (384) an authentic monarch, and the last of the Stuart line with an indefeasible right to the throne. For, whatever the claims of James Francis Edward were, he could not possibly have aspired to an uncontested succession. Since she was a bulwark of the Church of England and a professed supporter of the Protestant succession, the poet might enlist Anne without incurring charges of disloyalty or open Jacobitism. Her longing to pass on the crown to her own offspring had finally disappeared with the death of the young Duke of Gloucester in 1700, and by the time she came to the throne she had, however reluctantly, accepted the fact that the Hanoverians would in due course succeed her. But many contemporaries would have understood Churchill’s remark that ‘at heart she was a Protestant-Jacobite.
The War and the Peace
Authors: Rogers Pat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It is impossible to make full sense of Windsor-Forest without understanding something of the peace process. The tortuous negotiations went on for two years, although this was by no means the first attempt to bring the long drawn-out War of the Spanish Succession toward a conclusion. Like it or not, Pope was entering a fierce public debate. His aim was primarily to endorse the settlement at Utrecht, without elaborating on its detailed provisions. He wished to celebrate the Queen, who had not disguised her wish to see an end to a conflict which had dragged on relentlessly since the opening weeks of her reign. At the same time that the poem recognized Anne as the titular architect of the peace, it implicitly endorsed the part played by Oxford and Bolingbroke, along with lesser instruments of government policy.
Classical and Renaissance Literature
Authors: Rogers Pat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Far more than any other eighteenth-century writer, Pope belongs to the mainstream of English poetry as it had evolved across the centuries, and Windsor-Forest demonstrates this fact more comprehensively than any other of his works. Yet to see the poem as a decisive stage in Pope’s development as a writer carries with it a wholesale reconfiguration of his career.We have generally thought of The Rape ofthe Lock as the culmination of his early career, and arguably it is the poet’s greatest achievement in the first part of his life, or at least prior to the translations of Homer.
Clusters, Networks and Innovation
Authors: Malerba Breschi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Governments and regional authorities often express the belief that the key to prosperity and economic expansion is related to the ability of countries to sustain regional clusters of competitiveness and innovation. The book reviews the most important conceptual approaches to the analysis of the emergence, growth and evolution of clusters of innovation. Drawing from the different experiences of industrial districts and high-tech regions such as Silicon Valley, Boston ‘s biotech region, and Hsinchu-Taipei, the contributions in this book offer a broad interpretative framework and policy implications for the creation and strengthening of competitive clusters. Themes include the wide variety of existing clusters and the diversity in their emergence and growth;the international mobility of factors and demand linkages; the role of different network types and the social setting;the accumulation of capabilities in key large actors and the importance of spinoffs and new firm formation;the role of different learning regimes and sectoral specificities;the importance of social networks, labour mobility, and face-to-face contacts as vehicles of knowledge spillovers. Broad implications are drawn for the design of policies to encourage successful economic clusters in developed and developing clusters.
Pindar and the Cult of Heroes
Authors: Currie Bruno 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Pindar and the Cult of Heroes combines a study of Greek culture and religion (hero cult) with a literary-critical study of Pindar's epinician poetry. It looks at hero cult generally, but focuses especially on heroization in the 5th century BC. There are individual chapters on the heroization of war dead, of athletes, and on the religious treatment of the living in the 5th century. Hero cult, Bruno Currie argues, could be anticipated, in different ways, in a person's lifetime. Epinician poetry too should be interpreted in the light of this cultural context; fundamentally, this genre explores the patron's religious status. The book features extensive studies of Pindar's Pythians 2, 3, 5, Isthmian 7, and Nemean 7.
Choregic Monuments and the Athenian Democracy*
Authors: Goette Hans Rupprecht 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Athenian democracy financed a substantial range of benefits for the citizens and the polis, including cultural events, by means of private sponsorship, that is, through the agency of wealthy citizens designated as choregoi. Such sponsorship took many diﬀerent forms –– for example the trierarchs, the gymnasiarchs, and the choregoi for many festivals and competitions. This chapter is mostly concerned with the votive erings erected by choregoi after victories in dithyrambic competitions in the Athenian theatre. A careful examination of the types of these choregic monuments, especially in their monumental architectural form, indicates that they provided a forum not only for remarkable innovation, but also oﬀered a means for leading citizens to proclaim their importance to the democratic community. As we will see, this role of the publicly endorsed victory monument, the result of private achievement, takes many forms and changes over time.
A Horse from Teos: Epigraphical Notes on the Ionian–Hellespontine Association of Dionysiac Artists*
Authors: Ma John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The ancient Ionian city of Teos is important and interesting, especially in the context of a volume on the ‘epigraphy of the Greek theatre’; it deserves to be presented briefly. Teian epigraphy is abundant, and rich in famous texts: the wealth of epigraphy reflects the twofold articulation of Teian history, which it shares with many other poleis: as a smaller entity caught in the high politics of war and conquest; as a stable actor in its own history, living its life as a political unit and pursuing its own aims at a regional scale.
Introduction: Greeks, Romans, and Athletics in the Roman World
Authors: Newby Zahra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During the course of the Wrst three centuries ad, Greek athletics came to play a dominant role in the cultural life of the Roman empire. From ancient Games such as those at Olympia or Delphi, to the newer festivals which sprang up around the Mediterranean world, festival culture was thriving, and successful athletes could achieve an almost heroic status. In art and literature too, athletic subjects were omnipresent. Idealized statues of athletes thronged baths, gymnasia, and villas across both east and west of the empire, while Xoor mosaics decorated with athletic scenes attested to the popularity of Greek athletics as a spectacle in the Roman west. The Greek literature of the period also included a number of pieces which take athletics as their theme, such as Dio Chrysostom’s orations for the dead athlete Melancomas, Lucian’s comic debate between Solon and Anacharsis on the values of athletic activity, or Philostratus’ defence of gymnastic training in the Gymnasticus.
Idealized Statues in Roman Villas
Authors: Newby Zahra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the last two chapters I explored the literary and visual evidence that suggests that Greek athletic festivals and training became more and more popular at Rome, and elsewhere in the western provinces, throughout the course of the Wrst three cen- turies ad. The mosaic imagery of the baths, in particular, suggests that Roman bathers were keen to associate their own physical exercises with the contests that took place in public spectacles and festivals. However, in my discussion of the Baths of Caracalla at Rome, I also suggested that the portrait-like images of con- temporary athletes displayed on the palaestra mosaics would have gained extra resonances when seen alongside the display of idealizing athletic statuary in the frigidarium. While these statues evoked the classical Greek past, often embodied in replicas of artworks attributed to famous sculptors like Myron, Polycleitus, and Lysippus, the mosaics suggested the competitive festival culture which was thriving in the Roman empire. Those exercising in the baths could choose to see themselves both as the heirs of the classical victor statues and as the equals of the sporting heroes so popular in the contemporary world.
Engineering Studies
Authors: McGuinness Brian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Ludwig left school in the summer of 1906: the years from then until the end or towards the end of 1912 were, he told von Wright, ones of constant unhappiness. The unhappiness appeared in, and probably it was largely caused by, the difficulty he had in choosing an occupation. He was unusually free in this respect, because his father’s wealth made it possible for him at an time to change his place or subject of study.
Cambridge 1911–12
Authors: McGuinness Brian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In The autumn of 1911 Wittgenstein took a step which was to prove decisive. Instead of returning to Manchester according to plan, he went to Cambridge to attend Russell’s lectures. No previous arrangements had been made with Russell, nor with the university or any college, and Wittgenstein was not in fact matriculated until February 1912. His coming there had all the marks of an impulsive decision and of an experiment. Various accounts have been given of the events that led up to it.
The War 1914–18
Authors: McGuinness Brian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Austria is now our theme, Austria and the last days of an empire and culture whose variety, whose failings, and whose charm mirrored human nature itself. Through those last days and through their sad aftermath, Wittgenstein was to live, largely by choice, among his countrymen, sharing at times (largely by choice) dangers, privation, and humiliation, at others the rarefied idealism and carefully unostentatious wealth of his family.
Tractatus 1921–22
Authors: McGuinness Brian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The book we treat separately because it had a career of its own. In its content we shall see that it mirrored its author’s career to that time. Its mode of publication also had about it something characteristic of him: he left his work for others to decide on and to do as they would with. It was to be the same with his later writings. All was to be as God willed, as he said earlier when he had his manuscripts sent to him through the field post.
The Perils of Dogmatism
Authors: Wright Crispin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘Dogmatism’ is a term renovated by James Pryor (2000) to stand for a certain kind of neo-Moorean response to scepticism and an associated conception of the architecture of basic perceptual warrant. Pryor runs the response only for (some kinds of ) perceptual knowledge but here I will be concerned with its general structure and potential as a possible global anti-sceptical strategy. Something like it is arguably also present in recent writings of Burge and Peacocke. If the global strategy could succeed, it would pre-empt any role in the diagnosis and treatment of sceptical paradoxes for the kind of notion of entitlement (rational, nonevidential warrant) I have proposed elsewhere (Wright 2004). But my overarching contention will be that dogmatism is, generally and locally, too problematic a stance to be helpful in that project.
Fixing the Transmission: The New Mooreans
Authors: Neta Ram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some of the things that now exist have both of the following two features: first, they exist in space; and second, they can exist even if no one is conscious of them. For instance, the planet Earth exists in space, and it can exist even if no one is conscious of it. The Atlantic Ocean exists in space, and it can exist even if no one is conscious of it. Following G. E. Moore, let’s use the term ‘external things’ to denote all such things— things that exist in space, and that can exist even if no one is conscious of them. Using this terminology, we may say, then, that there now exist some external things. The planet Earth, the Atlantic Ocean, and human hands are among the many external things that now exist.