bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key requirements for ultraefficient sensitization in hyperfluorescence organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Stavrou Kleitos , Franca Larissa G. , Danos Andrew , Monkman Andrew P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBlue organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology requires further advancements, and hyperfluorescent (HF) OLEDs have emerged as a promising solution to address stability and colour-purity concerns. A key factor influencing the performance of HF-OLEDs is Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Here we investigate the FRET mechanism in blue HF-OLEDs using contrasting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitizers. We demonstrate that the molecular structure of the sensitizer profoundly impacts the FRET efficiency, exemplified by the spiro-linked TADF molecule ACRSA, which suppresses the dihedral-angle inhomogeneity and any lower-energy conformers that exhibit minimal FRET to the terminal emitter. Consequently, the FRET efficiency can be optimized to nearly 100%. Further, we demonstrate how the properties of a near-ideal sensitizer diverge from ideal TADF emitters. As a result, blue HF-OLEDs utilizing a greenish sensitizer exhibit a remarkable tripling of external quantum efficiency (~30%) compared with non-HF devices. This new understanding opens avenues for sensitizer design, indicating that green sensitizers can efficiently pump blue terminal emitters, thereby reducing device exciton energies and improving blue OLED stability.
Large-scale gene expression alterations introduced by structural variation drive morphotype diversification in Brassica oleracea
Authors: Li Xing , Wang Yong , Cai Chengcheng , Ji Jialei , Han Fengqing , Zhang Lei , Chen Shumin , Zhang Lingkui , Yang Yinqing , Tang Qi , Bucher Johan , Wang Xuelin , Yang Limei , Zhuang Mu , Zhang Kang , Lv Honghao , Bonnema Guusje , Zhang Yangyong , Cheng Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBrassica oleracea, globally cultivated for its vegetable crops, consists of very diverse morphotypes, characterized by specialized enlarged organs as harvested products. This makes B. oleracea an ideal model for studying rapid evolution and domestication. We constructed a B. oleracea pan-genome from 27 high-quality genomes representing all morphotypes and their wild relatives. We identified structural variations (SVs) among these genomes and characterized these in 704 B. oleracea accessions using graph-based genome tools. We show that SVs exert bidirectional effects on the expression of numerous genes, either suppressing through DNA methylation or promoting probably by harboring transcription factor-binding elements. The following examples illustrate the role of SVs modulating gene expression: SVs promoting BoPNY and suppressing BoCKX3 in cauliflower/broccoli, suppressing BoKAN1 and BoACS4 in cabbage and promoting BoMYBtf in ornamental kale. These results provide solid evidence for the role of SVs as dosage regulators of gene expression, driving B. oleracea domestication and diversification.
Distinct ontogenetic lineages dictate cDC2 heterogeneity
Authors: Minutti Carlos M. , Piot Cécile , Pereira da Costa Mariana , Chakravarty Probir , Rogers Neil , Huerga Encabo Hector , Cardoso Ana , Loong Jane , Bessou Gilles , Mionnet Cyrille , Langhorne Jean , Bonnet Dominique , Dalod Marc , Tomasello Elena , Reis e Sousa Caetano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConventional dendritic cells (cDCs) include functionally and phenotypically diverse populations, such as cDC1s and cDC2s. The latter population has been variously subdivided into Notch-dependent cDC2s, KLF4-dependent cDC2s, T-bet+ cDC2As and T-bet− cDC2Bs, but it is unclear how all these subtypes are interrelated and to what degree they represent cell states or cell subsets. All cDCs are derived from bone marrow progenitors called pre-cDCs, which circulate through the blood to colonize peripheral tissues. Here, we identified distinct mouse pre-cDC2 subsets biased to give rise to cDC2As or cDC2Bs. We showed that a Siglec-H+ pre-cDC2A population in the bone marrow preferentially gave rise to Siglec-H− CD8α+ pre-cDC2As in tissues, which differentiated into T-bet+ cDC2As. In contrast, a Siglec-H− fraction of pre-cDCs in the bone marrow and periphery mostly generated T-bet− cDC2Bs, a lineage marked by the expression of LysM. Our results showed that cDC2A versus cDC2B fate specification starts in the bone marrow and suggest that cDC2 subsets are ontogenetically determined lineages, rather than cell states imposed by the peripheral tissue environment.
Biomarker-directed targeted therapy plus durvalumab in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase 2 umbrella trial
Authors: Besse Benjamin , Pons-Tostivint Elvire , Park Keunchil , Hartl Sylvia , Forde Patrick M. , Hochmair Maximilian J. , Awad Mark M. , Thomas Michael , Goss Glenwood , Wheatley-Price Paul , Shepherd Frances A. , Florescu Marie , Cheema Parneet , Chu Quincy S. C. , Kim Sang-We , Morgensztern Daniel , Johnson Melissa L. , Cousin Sophie , Kim Dong-Wan , Moskovitz Mor T. , Vicente David , Aronson Boaz , Hobson Rosalind , Ambrose Helen J. , Khosla Sajan , Reddy Avinash , Russell Deanna L. , Keddar Mohamed Reda , Conway James P. , Barrett J. Carl , Dean Emma , Kumar Rakesh , Dressman Marlene , Jewsbury Philip J. , Iyer Sonia , Barry Simon T. , Cosaert Jan , Heymach John V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFor patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors without currently targetable molecular alterations, standard-of-care treatment is immunotherapy with anti-PD-(L)1 checkpoint inhibitors, alone or with platinum-doublet therapy. However, not all patients derive durable benefit and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade is common. Understanding mechanisms of resistance—which can include defects in DNA damage response and repair pathways, alterations or functional mutations in STK11/LKB1, alterations in antigen-presentation pathways, and immunosuppressive cellular subsets within the tumor microenvironment—and developing effective therapies to overcome them, remains an unmet need. Here the phase 2 umbrella HUDSON study evaluated rational combination regimens for advanced NSCLC following failure of anti-PD-(L)1-containing immunotherapy and platinum-doublet therapy. A total of 268 patients received durvalumab (anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody)–ceralasertib (ATR kinase inhibitor), durvalumab–olaparib (PARP inhibitor), durvalumab–danvatirsen (STAT3 antisense oligonucleotide) or durvalumab–oleclumab (anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody). Greatest clinical benefit was observed with durvalumab–ceralasertib; objective response rate (primary outcome) was 13.9% (11/79) versus 2.6% (5/189) with other regimens, pooled, median progression-free survival (secondary outcome) was 5.8 (80% confidence interval 4.6–7.4) versus 2.7 (1.8–2.8) months, and median overall survival (secondary outcome) was 17.4 (14.1–20.3) versus 9.4 (7.5–10.6) months. Benefit with durvalumab–ceralasertib was consistent across known immunotherapy-refractory subgroups. In ATM-altered patients hypothesized to harbor vulnerability to ATR inhibition, objective response rate was 26.1% (6/23) and median progression-free survival/median overall survival were 8.4/22.8 months. Durvalumab–ceralasertib safety/tolerability profile was manageable. Biomarker analyses suggested that anti-PD-L1/ATR inhibition induced immune changes that reinvigorated antitumor immunity. Durvalumab–ceralasertib is under further investigation in immunotherapy-refractory NSCLC.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03334617
An open dataset for human SSVEPs in the frequency range of 1-60 Hz
Authors: Gu Meng , Pei Weihua , Gao Xiaorong , Wang Yijun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system relies on the photic driving response to effectively elicit characteristic electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. However, traditional visual stimuli mainly adopt high-contrast black-and-white flickering stimulations, which are easy to cause visual fatigue. This paper presents an SSVEP dataset acquired at a wide frequency range from 1 to 60 Hz with an interval of 1 Hz using flickering stimuli under two different modulation depths. This dataset contains 64-channel EEG data from 30 healthy subjects when they fixated on a single flickering stimulus. The stimulus was rendered on an LCD display with a refresh rate of 240 Hz. Initially, the dataset was rigorously validated through comprehensive data analysis to investigate SSVEP responses and user experiences. Subsequently, BCI performance was evaluated through offline simulations of frequency-coded and phase-coded BCI paradigms. This dataset provides comprehensive and high-quality data for studying and developing SSVEP-based BCI systems.
Associations of overweight and obesity with cardiometabolic risk factor clusters among Korean adolescents
Authors: Huh Youn , Park Hye Soon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the association between overweight, obesity, and cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in Korean adolescents. We included 2182 participants (1161 boys and 1021 girls) aged 12–18 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2021). Cardiometabolic risk factors include hypertension, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, hypertriglyceridemia, high fasting plasma glucose level, elevated alanine aminotransferase level, and hyperuricemia. The average age was 15.1 ± 0.1 years in both boys and girls. The proportion of subjects with ≥ 1, ≥ 2, and ≥ 3 cardiometabolic risk factors was 76.5%, 49.8%, and 22.7% in obese adolescents, and 60.5%, 24.0%, and 9.1%, in overweight adolescents, respectively. Compared to adolescents with underweight/normal weight, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors were at 2.76 (1.74–4.38) for ≥ 1; 3.75 (2.11–6.66) for ≥ 2; and 4.75 (1.70–13.25) for ≥ 3 factors in obese adolescents and 1.88 (1.26–2.81) for ≥ 1 factor in overweight adolescents. Overweight and obese adolescents exhibited high cardiometabolic risk clustering. Prevention and management of overweight/obesity in Korean adolescents are emerging to mitigate health risk associated with this condition.
Non-local temporal interference
Authors: Ayatollah Rafsanjani Ali , Kazemi MohammadJavad , Hosseinzadeh Vahid , Golshani Mehdi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough position and time have different mathematical roles in quantum mechanics, with one being an operator and the other being a parameter, there is a space–time duality in quantum phenomena—a lot of quantum phenomena that were first observed in the spatial domain were later observed in the temporal domain as well. In this context, we propose a modified version of the double-double-slit experiment using entangled atom pairs to observe a non-local interference in the arrival time distribution, which is analogous to the non-local interference observed in the arrival position distribution. However, computing the arrival time distribution in quantum mechanics is a challenging open problem, and so to overcome this problem we employ a Bohmian treatment. Based on this approach, we numerically demonstrate that there is a complementary relationship between the one-particle and two-particle interference visibilities in the arrival time distribution, which is analogous to the complementary relationship observed in the position distribution. These results can be used to test the Bohmian arrival time distribution in a strict manner, i.e., where the semiclassical approximation breaks down. Moreover, our approach to investigating this experiment can be applied to a wide range of phenomena, and it seems that the predicted non-local temporal interference and associated complementary relationship are universal behaviors of entangled quantum systems that may manifest in various phenomena.
Lung cancer diagnosis based on weighted convolutional neural network using gene data expression
Authors: M Thangamani , Koti Manjula Sanjay , B.A Nagashree , V Geetha , K.P Shreyas , Mathivanan Sandeep Kumar , Dalu Gemmachis Teshite 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLung cancer is thought to be a genetic disease with a variety of unknown origins. Globocan2020 report tells in 2020 new cancer cases identified was 19.3 million and nearly 10.0 million died owed to cancer. GLOBOCAN envisages that the cancer cases will raised to 28.4 million in 2040. This charge is superior to the combined rates of the former generally prevalent malignancies, like breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers. For attribute selection in previous work, the information gain model was applied. Then, for lung cancer prediction, multilayer perceptron, random subspace, and sequential minimal optimization (SMO) are used. However, the total number of parameters in a multilayer perceptron can become extremely large. This is inefficient because of the duplication in such high dimensions, and SMO can become ineffective due to its calculating method and maintaining a single threshold value for prediction. To avoid these difficulties, our research presented a novel technique including Z-score normalization, levy flight cuckoo search optimization, and a weighted convolutional neural network for predicting lung cancer. This result findings show that the proposed technique is effective in precision, recall, and accuracy for the Kent Ridge Bio-Medical Dataset Repository.
Charge transfer complex-based spectrophotometric analysis of famotidine in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Al Samarrai Shatha Y. , AlZubaidi Radhi , Al-Ansari Nadhir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA straightforward and efficient spectrum technique was created usingOrtho-chloranil as the electron acceptor (-acceptor) in a charge transfer (CT) complex formation reaction to determine the concentration of famotidine (FMD) in solutions. Compared to the double-distilled blank solution, the reaction result detected a definite violet colour at a maximum absorption wavelength of 546 nm, For concentrations range 2—28 µg/ml, the technique demonstrated excellent compliance with Beer-Law and Lambert's, as evidenced by its molar absorptivity of 2159.648 L mol−1cm–1. Lower detection limits of 0.3024 µg/ml and 1.471 µg/ml, respectively, were discovered. The complexes of famotidine andOrtho-chloranil were found to have a 2:1 stoichiometry. Additionally, the suggested approach effectively estimated famotidine concentrations in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly in tablet form.
Probing the dynamic landscape of peptides in molecular assemblies by synergized NMR experiments and MD simulations
Authors: Nencini Ricky , Regnier Morgan L. G. , Backlund Sofia M. , Mantzari Efstathia , Dunn Cory D. , Ollila O. H. Samuli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeptides or proteins containing small biomolecular aggregates, such as micelles, bicelles, droplets and nanodiscs, are pivotal in many fields ranging from structural biology to pharmaceutics. Monitoring dynamics of such systems has been limited by the lack of experimental methods that could directly detect their fast (picosecond to nanosecond) timescale dynamics. Spin relaxation times from NMR experiments are sensitive to such motions, but their interpretation for biomolecular aggregates is not straightforward. Here we show that the dynamic landscape of peptide-containing molecular assemblies can be determined by a synergistic combination of solution state NMR experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Solution state NMR experiments are straightforward to implement without an excessive amount of sample, while direct combination of spin relaxation data to MD simulations enables interpretation of dynamic landscapes of peptides and other aggregated molecules. To demonstrate this, we interpret NMR data from transmembrane, peripheral, and tail anchored peptides embedded in micelles. Our results indicate that peptides and detergent molecules do not rotate together as a rigid body, but peptides rotate in a viscous medium composed of detergent micelle. Spin relaxation times also provide indirect information on peptide conformational ensembles. This work gives new perspectives on peptide dynamics in complex biomolecular assemblies.
Extreme-value analysis of intracellular cargo transport by motor proteins
Authors: Naoi Takuma , Kagawa Yuki , Nagino Kimiko , Niwa Shinsuke , Hayashi Kumiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the chemo-mechanical coupling of motor proteins is usually described by a set of force-velocity relations that reflect the different mechanisms responsible for the walking behavior of such proteins on microtubules. However, the convexity of such relations remains controversial depending on the species, and in vivo experiments are inaccessible due to the complexity of intracellular environments. As alternative tool to investigate such mechanism, Extreme-value analysis (EVA) can offer insight on the deviations in the data from the median of the probability distributions. Here, we rely on EVA to investigate the motility functions of nanoscale motor proteins in neurons of the living worm Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), namely the motion of kinesin and dynein along microtubules. While the essential difference between the two motors cannot be inferred from the mean velocities, such becomes evident in the EVA plots. Our findings extend the possibility and applicability of EVA for analysing motility data of nanoscale proteins in vivo.
Social corrections act as a double-edged sword by reducing the perceived accuracy of false and real news in the UK, Germany, and Italy
Authors: Stoeckel Florian , Stöckli Sabrina , Ceka Besir , Ricchi Chiara , Lyons Ben , Reifler Jason 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCorrective or refutational posts from ordinary users on social media have the potential to improve the online information ecosystem. While initial evidence of these social corrections is promising, a better understanding of the effects across different topics, formats, and audiences is needed. In three pre-registered experiments (N = 1944 UK, N = 2467 Italy, N = 2210 Germany) where respondents completed a social media post assessment task with false and true news posts on various topics (e.g., health, climate change, technology), we find that social corrections reduce perceived accuracy of and engagement with false news posts. We also find that social corrections that flag true news as false decrease perceived accuracy of and engagement with true news posts. We did not find evidence to support moderation of these effects by correction strength, anti-expert sentiments, cognitive reflection capacities, or susceptibility to social influence. While social corrections can be effective for false news, they may also undermine belief in true news.
Sex differences in physiological response to increased neuronal excitability in a knockin mouse model of pediatric epilepsy
Authors: Hammer Michael F. , Krzyzaniak Collin T. , Bahramnejad Erfan , Smelser Kiran J. , Hack Joshua B. , Watkins Joseph C. , Ronaldson Patrick T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disease; however, few if any of the currently marketed antiseizure medications prevent or cure epilepsy. Discovery of pathological processes in the early stages of epileptogenesis has been challenging given the common use of preclinical models that induce seizures in physiologically normal animals. Moreover, despite known sex dimorphism in neurological diseases, females are rarely included in preclinical epilepsy models.
Methods: We characterized sex differences in mice carrying a pathogenic knockin variant (p.N1768D) in the Scn8a gene that causes spontaneous tonic-clonic seizures (TCs) at ∼3 months of age and found that heterozygous females are more resilient than males in mortality and morbidity. To investigate the cellular mechanisms that underlie female resilience, we utilized blood–brain barrier (BBB) and hippocampal transcriptomic analyses in heterozygous mice before seizure onset (pre-TC) and in mice that experienced ∼20 TCs (post-TC).
Results: In the pre-TC latent phase, both sexes exhibited leaky BBB; however, patterns of gene expression were sexually dimorphic. Females exhibited enhanced oxidative phosphorylation and protein biogenesis, while males activated gliosis and CREB signaling. After seizure onset (chronic phase), females exhibited a metabolic switch to lipid metabolism, while males exhibited increased gliosis and BBB dysfunction and a strong activation of neuroinflammatory pathways.
Conclusion: The results underscore the central role of oxidative stress and BBB permeability in the early stages of epileptogenesis, as well as sex dimorphism in response to increasing neuronal hyperexcitability. Our results also highlight the need to include both sexes in preclinical studies to effectively translate results of drug efficacy studies.
Formation of optical planar waveguides on fused quartz by MeV ion implantation
Authors: Zarate‐Reyes José‐Miguel , Flores‐Romero Erick , Rodríguez‐Fernández Luis , Kudriavtsev Yuriy , Cheang‐Wong Juan‐Carlos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe optical losses and the refractive index change of optical planar waveguides formed by MeV ion implantation were correlated with the experimental ion implantation parameters. Direct ion implantation was performed by means of carbon, silicon and copper ion beams impinging on the substrate surface at normal incidence. The ions were accelerated at energies ranging from 3 to 12 MeV with fluences varying from 1 × 1012 to 2 × 1016 ion/cm2, according to the type of implanted ion. The modification of the substrate refractive index due to the ion irradiation‐induced damage was evaluated using the prism coupler method, and the refractive index profiles were determined by means of a reconstruction method using a multilayer structure approximation. The guiding properties of the waveguides were analysed using the fibre‐coupling technique to determine both the optical transmission and transversal modes at 635 nm. The main practical relevance of our research is the obtention of high‐quality waveguides at low current density MeV ion implantation (≤80 nA/cm2) without post‐implantation annealing.
Soft ferrite 3D printing of magnetic couplers of inductive power transfer systems
Authors: Hu Meilin , Madawala Udaya Kumara , Diegel Olaf 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraditional soft ferrite manufacturing is limited to simple geometries and materials, while 3D printing offers greater flexibility for complex designs. Notably, soft ferrites are crucial for magnetic couplers (pads) in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems to achieve efficient wireless power transmission. The adoption of soft ferrite 3D printing in IPT systems could lead to significantly improved magnetic coupler design, yet research in this area is limited. Hence, the paper first makes a comprehensive comparison of the existing soft ferrite 3D printing methods to ascertain their suitability for magnetic couplers in IPT systems, and then proposes the binder jetting (BJT) as a potential 3D printing approach that could be appropriate for IPT magnetic coupler implementation being versatile, cost‐effective, and suitable for large‐scale manufacturing with high precision. This paper explores the suitability of BJT by 3D printing toroid cores with Mn–Zn ferrite powder under different sintering temperature profiles. Experimental results are presented to show that toroid cores can be 3D printed with high printing precision, mechanical strength, and a relative permeability of 10. This paper also highlights the impact of sintering temperature on 3D‐printed cores, the challenges, limitations, and future research directions of soft ferrite 3D printing for IPT magnetic couplers by the BJT method.