bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding patient safety in a scaffold of interprofessional education; a qualitative study with thematic analysis
Authors: Guraya Shaista Salman , Akhtar Muhammad Umair , Sulaiman Nabil , David Leena R. , Jirjees Feras Jassim , Awad Manal , Kawas Sausan AL , Taha Mohamed Hassan , Haider Mohamed , Dias Jacqueline Maria , Kodumayil Shada Aysha , Dash Nihar Ranjan , Al-Qallaf Amal , Hasswan Ahmed , Salmanpour Vida Abdolhamid , Guraya Salman Yousuf 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

BackgroundRegardless of a proliferation of interest in reducing unsafe practices in healthcare, threats to patient safety (PS) remain high. Moreover, little attention has been paid towards the role of interprofessional education (IPE) in enhancing PS. This qualitative study was conducted to unfold the insights of the senior medical, dental and health sciences students at the University of Sharjah (UoS) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) about PS in an online IPE-based workshop.MethodsThis inductive qualitative study was conducted on senior medical and health students at the Colleges of Medicine, Dental Medicine, Health Sciences, and Pharmacy of UoS.During an online workshop, students discussed plausible solutions for four real practice-based clinical scenarios with elements of unsafe healthcare practices. During the breakout rooms, the students exhibited high level of articulation and proactively participated in discussions. The data from the online workshop were transcribed and then coding, categorizing, and labelling of recurrent themes was carried out. Multiple individual deliberations, consolidation, incorporation of the identified preliminary themes, and merging and reorganizing sub-themes led to a final thematic framework.ResultsThis work delved into the perspectives of 248 students concerning PS in interprofessional settings in an online workshop. The iterative process of data transcription, curating and qualitative analysis surfaced 32 codes. Later, the inductive qualitative analysis yielded five themes with distinct yet interconnected nested subthemes in the context of PS in IPE settings. These themes of information sharing and grounding (problem-solving, social skills), maintaining communication (clinical reasoning, shared mental model), executing interprofessional activities (collaborative practice, collaboration scripts), professional cognitive abilities (cognitive maturity, metacognition), and negotiating professional identities (systematic change, socio-economic scaffolding) emerged as fundamental pillars for enhancing PS in healthcare.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the outcome of an innovative and team-based workshop which embedded PS within a scaffold of IPE environment. This research calls for the incorporation of the emerging areas of clinical reasoning, problem solving, collaborative practice, and shared mental model into medical curricula for structured IPE in improving PS domains in medical education. These findings underscore the need for multifaceted dimensions of IPE imperatives for cultivating collaborative competence.
Multi-omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis
Authors: WANG mengqi , yang naisu , Laterrière Mario , Gagné David , Omonijo Faith , Ibeagha-Awemu Eveline Mengwi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy industry. Multi-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between multiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease pathogenesis. Therefore, this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data (mRNA and lncRNA), small RNA sequencing data (miRNA) and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from ten healthy cows and twenty cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused byStaphylococcus aureusorStaphylococcus chromogenes. Results Functional investigation of the data sets through gene sets analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis, providing further insights into subclinical mastitis and revealing the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical mastitis. The abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with significant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed, including 30,846, 2552, 1276 and 57 differential MHBs (dMHBs), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), lncRNAs (DELs) and miRNAs (DEMs), respectively. Next, five Factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were identified. The important roles of Factors 1 and Factor 2 in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were revealed. Also, networks of important functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-OMICs signatures were demonstrated, which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis. Furthermore, multi-omics integration enabled the association of the epigenomic regulatory factors of altered genes in important pathways, such as ‘Staphylococcus aureusinfection pathway’ and ‘natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway’, etc., which provides further insights into mastitis regulatory mechanisms. Moreover, few multi-omics signatures (14 dMHBs, 25 DEGs, 18 DELs and 5 DEMs) were identified as candidate discriminant signatures with capacity of distinguishing subclinical mastitis cows from healthy cows. Conclusion The integration of genomic and epigenomic data by multi-omics approaches in this study provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis and identified multi-omics candidate discriminant signatures for subclinical mastitis, which may ultimately lead to the development of more effective mastitis control and management strategies.
Exploring the connection between ethylene and somatic embryogenesis: an in silico analysis of gene pathways
Authors: Barros Artur Gomes , Neto Antonio Rodrigues da Cunha , Esteves Giovana , Resende Arlinda de Jesus Rodrigues , Pimenta Lidiane , Santos Breno Régis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis is a plant cloning process that enables the development of embryos without meiosis or fertilization. It can occur naturally or be induced through laboratory-induced stress. The indirect method is preferred for industrial production. The excessive presence of ethylene in in vitro cultures can hinder plant development and shoot formation. However, the impact of ethylene on somatic embryogenesis is not well understood. In light of the foregoing, we assessed the correlation between ethylene and somatic embryogenesis through an in silico methodology for predicting gene pathways. Using the STRING platform, the genes AGL15 and ERF115 were selected. This allowed for enrichment analyses to comprehend the individual functions of these genes in the somatic embryogenesis process influenced by ethylene. The results indicate that plant stress induces ethylene production, activating genes such as ERF115 and HAD19. This results in cellular senescence in certain structures and cell proliferation in others. Furthermore, the transport of substances from areas of cell death to sites of proliferation is driven by the PLT3 gene. This region is crucial for somatic embryogenesis development, activating genes responsible for somatic embryogenesis.
Geographic Analysis of Emergency Newborn Referral Patterns in Southern Ghana and Implications for Neonatal Survival
Authors: Amponsah Edith , Twum-Danso Nana , Ansong David , Delamater Paul , Boadu Richard , Owen Medge , Chinbuah Margaret , Sagoe-Moses Isabella 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: From 1990 to 2020, neonatal mortality declined by 52% globally and 45% in Ghana. Yet this fell short of the national goal. Critical contributors to this shortfall include limited and unreliable access to Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (EmONC). Effective and efficient health care referral networks are an integral but under-studied component of EmONC.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the longitudinal and geographic patterns in newborn referral rates in Making Every Baby Count Initiative (MEBCI), a project that aimed to improve the quality of facility-based care for newborns in 4 administrative regions through clinical training, facility readiness, and advocacy.
Methods: 155 health facilities from the 4 targeted administrative regions were included in the sample. A multilevel Poisson growth curve model was used to examine changes in newborn referral rates over time, and correlation analysis was conducted to assess the association between travel time and referral rates. A geographic information system was used to estimate and visualize the average travel time with a 4-wheeled automobile.
Results: The overall rate of newborns referred out of MEBCI-participating facilities increased over time. Mean travel times from referring facilities to their respective regional hospitals varied across regions (lowest: 78mins, highest: 120mins). Overall, across the 4 MEBCI-participating regions, there was a negative correlation between referral rates and travel time (r = -0.37, p < .001).
Conclusion: The MEBCI-supported facilities experienced statistically significant overall increases in newborn referral rates over time. Facilities furthest from the regional hospitals experienced the lowest referral rates, suggesting that long distances and travel times may have influenced providers’ decisions to refer or patients’ acceptance of referral.
A bright radio burst from FRB 20200120E in a globular cluster of the nearby galaxy M81
Authors: Wu Xue-Feng , Zhang Songbo , Wang Jieshuang , Yang X , Li Ye , Geng Jin-Jun , Tang Zhenfan , Chang Chenming , Luo J.T. , Wang XingChuan , Dai Z. G. , Zhang Bing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are immensely energetic millisecond-duration radio pulses . Observations indicate that nearby FRBs can be produced by both young stellar populations, as suggested by the detection of FRB 20200428 from a Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154, and old stellar populations, as suggested by the localization of the repeating source FRB 20200120E in a globular cluster of M81 . Nevertheless, the burst energies of FRB 20200120E are significantly smaller than those of other cosmological FRBs, even falling below the energy of the Galactic event FRB 20200428. Additionally, its burst energy distribution displays a steep power law tail at high fluences. It is unclear whether this type of source can contribute to the cosmological FRB population. Here we report the detection of a burst from FRB 20200120E in 1.1-1.7 GHz, with a fluence of approximately 31.4 Jy ms, which is more than 44 times larger than the previous detected bursts ∼ 1.4 GHz frequencies and five times more energetic than FRB 20200428 . It reaches one-third of the energy of the weakest burst from FRB 20121102A detected so far and is detectable at a distance exceeding 200Mpc. This suggests that globular clusters can host cosmological FRBs, and the currently localized FRB sample could contain FRBs from globular clusters. Together with SGR 1935+2154, these two most nearby sources support multiple progenitor sources for FRBs.
Prognostic factors for premature cardiovascular disease mortality in Malaysia: A modelling approach using semi-parametric and parametric survival analysis with National Health and Morbidity Survey linked mortality data
Authors: Hasani Wan Shakira Rodzlan , Musa Kamarul Imran , Omar Mohd Azahadi , Hanis Tengku Muhammad , Kueh Yee Cheng , Ganapathy Shubash Shander , Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd , Ahmad Noor Ani 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of premature mortality worldwide, with a pronounced impact in low- and middle-income countries. Despite existing research on CVD risk factors, the study of premature CVD mortality in Malaysia remains limited. This study employs survival analysis to model modifiable risk factors associated with premature CVD mortality among Malaysian adults.
Method
We utilised data from Malaysia's National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) conducted in 2006, 2011, and 2015, linked with mortality records. The cohort comprised individuals aged 18 to 70 during the NHMS interview. Follow-up extended to 2021, with the primary event of interest being CVD-related premature mortality between ages 30 and 70. This study employed six survival models: a semi-parametric Cox proportional hazard (PH) and five parametric survival models, which were Exponential, Weibull, Gompertz, log-normal and log-logistic distributions using R software. The age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of premature CVD mortality was calculated per 1000 person-years.
Results
Among 63,722 participants, 886 (1.4%) experienced premature CVD mortality, with an ASIR of 1.80 per 1000 person-years. The best-fit models (based on AIC value) were the stratified Cox model by age (semi-parametric) and the log-normal accelerated failure time (AFT) model (parametric). Males had higher risk (Hazard Ratio, HR = 2.68) and experienced 49% shorter survival time (Event Time Ratio, ETR = 0.51) compared to females. When compared to Chinese ethnicity, Indians, Malays, and other Bumiputera had higher HR and lower survival times. Rural residents and those with lower education also faced increased HRs and reduced survival times. Diabetes, both diagnosed (HR = 3.26, ETR = 0.37) and undiagnosed (HR = 1.63, ETR = 0.63), increased mortality risk and decreased survival time by 63% and 37%, respectively. Diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension elevated risk (HR = 1.84, 1.46) and reduced survival time by 47% and 32% (ETR = 0.53, 0.68) respectively. Undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia increased risk (HR = 1.31) and lowered survival time by 20% (ETR = 0.80), with no significant association for diagnosed hypercholesterolemia. Additionally, current smoking and abdominal obesity elevated risk (HR = 1.38, 1.60) and shortened survival (ETR = 0.81, 0.71).
Conclusion
The semi-parametric and parametric survival models both highlight the considerable impact of socioeconomic status and modifiable risk factors on premature CVD mortality, underscoring the imperative for targeted interventions to effectively mitigate these effects.
Clinical Prediction Models for Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Luo Shuli , Lai Fenghua , Liang Ruiming , Li Bin , He Yufei , Chen Wenke , Zhang Jiayuan , Li Xuyang , Xu Tianyi , Hou Yingtong , Liu Yihao , Long Jianyan , Yang Zheng , Chen Xinwen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Accurate preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains an unsolved problem. This study aimed to construct a nomogram and scoring system for predicting LNM based on the clinical characteristics of patients with PTC.
Methods: 1400 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were retrospectively enrolled and randomly divided into training and internal testing sets. Furthermore, 692 patients with PTC from three other medical centers were collected as external testing sets. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to screen the predictors, and a nomogram was constructed. In addition, a scoring system was constructed using 10-fold cross-validation. The performances of the two models were verified among datasets and compared with preoperative ultrasound (US).
Results: Six independent predictors were included in the multivariate logistic model: age, sex, US diagnosis of LNM, tumor diameter, location, and thyroid peroxidase antibody level. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) (95% confidence interval) of this nomogram in the training, internal testing, and three external testing sets were 0.816 (0.791-0.840), 0.782 (0.727-0.837), 0.759 (0.699-0.819), 0.749 (0.667-0.831), and 0.777 (0.726-0.828), respectively. The AUROC of the scoring system were 0.810 (0.785-0.835), 0.772 (0.718-0.826), 0.736 (0.675-0.798), 0.717 (0.635-0.799) and 0.756 (0.704-0.808), respectively. The prediction performances were both significantly superior to those of preoperative US (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The nomogram and scoring system performed well in different datasets and significantly improved the preoperative prediction of LNM than US alone.
Prognostic implication of ITGB8 and its relationship with immune response
Authors: Jin Zhao , Jiao Zonglin , Song Lei , Zhang Yu , Zhang Minghui , Zhao Yanbin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Integrin β8 (ITGβ8) belongs to the β subunit family of integrin. It plays a role in cells and extracellular matrix participating in the proliferation and metastasis of tumours. It is upregulated in various cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Researches show that ITGβ8 may be involved in regulating immunity escape in some tumors. However, it is still unclear whether ITGβ8 is involved in the immune regulation of NSCLC. Here, bioinformatics analysis and basic experiments were used to investigated the expression of ITGβ8 and its potential association with immune in NSCLC.
Methods
We used bioinformatics technology to analyze not only the expression of ITGβ8 in NSCLC tissues in database, but also the correlation between ITGβ8 expression and immune cell infiltration, TMB, immune checkpoint genes, signaling pathways and patient survival. The expression of ITGβ8 in NSCLC cells was verified by WB and RT-qPCR. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the relationship between ITGβ8 expression and prognosis. Log-rank test and Cox proportional-hazards model were used to identify risk factors.
Results
The TCGA and HPA database as well as our NSCLC tissue specimens showed high expression of ITGβ8 in NSCLC. Its expression was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. ITGβ8 expression was downregulated in type C3 (inflammatory) and upregulated in C6 (TGF-β dominant) immune subtypes in LUAD and LUSC. In LUAD, the expression of ITGβ8 was significantly positively correlated with macrophages and NK cells. It is negative related to CD8 T cells and Th17 cells in both LUAD and LUSC. KEGG analysis revealed that ITGβ8 was significantly involved in activation of MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathways, et. Highly expressed ITGβ8 has a shorter survival in NSCLC. Patients with high ITGβ8 expression were significantly shorter survival compared with low ITGβ8 expression who receiving immunotherapy. The objective response rate was 66.7% for high ITGβ8 expression compared with 52.4% for low ITGβ8 expression.
Conclusions
ITGβ8 is highly expressed in NSCLC and is involved in regulating the immune process of NSCLC. It may be an important immune predictive biomarker that provides a new idea for the treatment of NSCLC.
Pilot Trial of an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Monitoring System in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Taira Naruto , Yuichiro Kikawa , Takayuki Iwamoto , Yuichiro Miyoshi , Kyoko Hara , Seiji Yoshitomi , Hajime Hikino , Hirotoshi Takahashi , Daisuke Takabatake , Shinichiro Kubo , Masahiko Ikeda , Hiroyoshi Doihara , Tadahiko Shien , Hiromi Okuyama , Yuko Tanabe , Fumikata Hara , Kosho Yamanouchi , Yasuhiro Hagiwara , Masataka Sawaki 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Electronic patient-reported outcomes monitoring (ePROM) is a useful communication tool for patients and healthcare providers in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, we examined the feasibility of our newly developed ePROM system, which we refer to as “Hibilog”.
Methods
An ePROM app was developed by extracting 18 items from the Patient-Reported Outcome-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE). Symptom monitoring was conducted every two weeks for patients with metastatic breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The primary outcome was the response rate to the ePROM system. The secondary outcomes were response time, item missing rate, and distribution of responses for each symptom.
Results
A total of 71 cases (mean age 52.6 years) were analyzed. Performance status was 0 in 76% of the cases and 1 or higher in 24%. First-line treatment was being administered in 30% of cases, second-line treatment in 17%, and third-line or higher treatment in 53%. The response rate to the ePROM system from registration to week 40 remained high at around 80%, indicating good compliance. The average response time was 5.5 min and the missing rate for each item was below 0.3%. Among 1,093 responses, the top 3 symptoms causing interference with daily life were Fatigue (63%), Numbness & tingling (48%), and General pain (46%).
Conclusion
Our developed ePROM system was able to capture symptoms accurately in patients with metastatic breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy while maintaining a high response compliance.
Pollution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in surface sediments obtained from Shishi Wetland Park, Fujian,China
Authors: Zhang Wenting , Sun Jingwei , Han Chenlu , Sun Jingwei , Yunfeng Yunfeng , Huang Yaoyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Thirteen surface sediment samples were collected to study the metal content and pollution sources in the sediment of Shishi Wetland Park. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyse the contents of seven metals (Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cd, Tl, and Pb) in the samples. The metal content was evaluated using contamination factor (CF), geological accumulation index (Igeo), and pollution load index (PLI). The pollution sources were qualitatively analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), and the contribution rate of potential sources was quantitatively calculated using an absolute principal component score multiple linear regression model (APCS-MLR). The CF of Cd is greater than 3, indicating heavy pollution; Ni also causes heavy pollution, and the other metals evaluated showed lower values of pollution. The minimum degree of the coefficient of variation of Tl indicates contribution primarily from natural sources. The results of the geological accumulation index indicated that Cd was the most heavy pollutant. The pollution load indices of sampling points 7, 11, and 13 on the western side of the region were all greater than two, indicating severe pollution. The results of source analysis using multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn mainly originated from industrial and agricultural production activities, with an average contribution rate of 47.7%. Cd and Pb mainly originated from transportation sources, with an average contribution rate of 47.0%. Tl originated mainly from the parent material, with a contribution rate of approximately 33.4%.