bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of epoxy asphalt by low‐doping PE‐GMA and PE‐MAH
Authors: Zhu Liuyu , Jing Hui , Luo Chunjia , Li Mengru , Deng Juanli , Yan Luke 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLow‐density polyethylene grafted glycidyl methacrylate (PE‐GMA) and low‐density polyethylene maleic anhydride (PE‐MAH) are low‐cost commercialized polymeric materials. Because of their low viscosity, molecular flexibility, solubility parameters, and polarity similar to asphalt or epoxy resins, PE‐GMA and PE‐MAH are added to epoxy asphalt (EA) to improve the compatibility and toughness of EA. The microstructure, viscosity, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical behavior, and mechanical properties of PE‐GMA and PE‐MAH modified EA were investigated. Smaller and more uniformly distributed asphalt particles were formed in mixes with lower PE‐GMA or PE‐MAH content. The polymer dispersity index of the modified EA is 1.1–1.4 lower than that of the pure EA, and compatibility is significantly improved. The reason is that PE‐GMA and PE‐MAH are polyethylene with polar functional groups, and their molecular structure includes both polar functional groups and nonpolar polyethylene chains, improving the compatibility between polar epoxy resin and nonpolar asphalt in EA. In addition, the incorporation of PE‐GMA or PE‐MAH effectively improves the low‐temperature toughness of EA. It also has high damping performance and tan δ, improved the durability and comfort of EA pavement.
Types of domain and task‐solving information in media scholars' data interaction
Authors: Korkeamäki Laura , Keskustalo Heikki , Kumpulainen Sanna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine what types of domain and task‐solving information media scholars need while interacting with research data to create new knowledge. The study is situated within information interaction research in information science. The approach is user‐oriented and qualitative. The research data consist of interviews of 25 media scholars about their interactions with research data. In the analysis, deductive and inductive approaches were combined to identify domain and task‐solving information types from the interview data. The results show that media scholars needed two domain information types and three task‐solving information types while interacting with research data. The domain information types were (1) earlier research information and (2) experience‐based domain information. The task‐solving information types were (1) information about methods and tools, (2) information about rules and norms, and (3) self‐created task‐supporting information. Of these, experience‐based domain information and self‐created task‐supporting information have been less considered in prior research on domain and task‐solving information. The findings of this study are useful for providing support for data interaction. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the concepts of domain information and task‐solving information in the context of interacting with research data.
A commentary on children's books about autism: What messages do they send about neurodiversity?
Authors: Venker Courtney E. , Lorang Emily 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe past three decades have seen an exponential increase in the publication of children's books about autism. This increased availability of children's books is exciting because they have the power to promote understanding, acceptance, and appreciation of neurodiversity. However, growing concerns have been raised by both autistic and non‐autistic people that some children's books about autism may work against neurodiversity, rather than promoting it. This Commentary discusses the strikingly different ways in which children's books about autism portray key concepts related to neurodiversity, including autistic differences, agency, abilities, and communication. We present concrete examples (including books by autistic authors); highlight the views of autistic and non‐autistic parents of autistic children; and discuss how different books may leave readers with different impressions of autism and neurodiversity. Given the vastly different themes that emerge across different books, we conclude that it is important for educators, families, and other members of the autism community to make informed and individualized choices about what books they use for what purpose. We emphasize the need for systematic, high‐quality research on children's books about autism, including content analyses and studies that determine what messages these books send to their intended audience: children. It is vital that autistic people continue to shape this conversation, contributing unique insights that inform research priorities and the methodological approaches used to investigate them.
Voices from the edge: Girls' experiences of being at risk of permanent exclusion
Authors: Clarke Emma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper considers the experiences of education for girls at risk of permanent exclusion from mainstream secondary schools in England. The number of girls being permanently excluded from school is a growing issue, and data suggests that girls are being excluded at a percentage rate which exceeds boys, yet they have continued to receive comparatively little attention, either in policy, research or the media. This study uses ecomapping and semi‐structured interviews to examine the challenges girls face and the resources they use to address or ameliorate them. The paper provides an overview of the data collected, considers how the prevalent challenges reported by girls compare to existing research and suggests a number of approaches which could be taken to support girls. It reflects on girls' lack of visibility and voice in policy and research on school exclusions, how this has continued to affect the services and support available to them, and schools' responses to their behaviour. It concludes by reviewing the recommendations previous studies have advocated to support girls at risk of exclusion and reflects on the progress made towards these, noting how current issues of school funding, teacher recruitment and attrition, performativity and accountability have impacted on the scope of action it is possible for individual schools to take.
Optimization and validation of high‐performance liquid chromatography using modified QuEChERS to determine anthelmintic drugs in mutton
Authors: Hiwa Hiwa Muhammad Husein , Khulod Khulod Ibraheem Hassan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to rapidly determine the presence of anthelmintic drugs in sheep meat using the optimized high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) method with modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe) technology. Fifty fresh sheep meat samples from different slaughterhouses were collected. A double extraction procedure (QuEChERS/HPLC‐UV technology) was used to extract the target analytes. A multilevel calibration curve from 1 to 1000 g/kg was used to establish instrument linearity for rafoxanide, albendazole, and closantel, whereas 0.1–100 μg/kg was used for ivermectin, levamisole, and oxyclozanide to find the lowest concentration, maximum residue limit (MRL), and occupied range for targeted analytes. The concentration levels were used to investigate the linearity, whereas several certified reference materials were applied to determine accuracy. The process was linear for all combinations, from the limit of quantification (LOQ) to the maximum concentration. The LOQ was established at 0.5 μg/kg for ivermectin, levamisole, and oxyclozanide and 10 μg/kg for rafoxanide, albendazole, and closantel. Recovery values were 70%–120%, and repeatability/reproducibility stated in relative standard deviation was obtained at less than 20%. QuEChERS method revealed that most meat samples contained anthelmintic drug residues, of which the majority exceeded the MRLs. Thus, the drugs should be used correctly in animals to avoid residues in food for human consumption.
Introduction of transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair in patients with congenital heart disease at a children's hospital
Authors: Jolley Matthew A. , Sulentic Analise , Amin Silvani , Gupta Mudit , Ching Stephen , Cianciulli Alana , Wang Yan , Sabin Patricia , Zelonis Christopher , Daemer Matthew , Silvestro Elizabeth , Coleman Keith , Ford Lauren K. , Edelson Jonathan B. , Ruckdeschel Emily S. , Cohen Meryl S. , Nicolson Susan C. , Gillespie Matthew J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR) is a devastating complication in children and young adults with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly in patients with single ventricle physiology. Transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) is a rapidly expanding, minimally invasive option for the treatment of AVVR in adults that avoids the morbidity and mortality associated with open heart surgery. However, application of TEER in in CHD and in children is quite novel. We describe the development of a peri‐procedural protocol including image‐derived pre‐intervention simulation, with successful application to four patients.AimsTo describe the initial experience using the MitraClip system for TEER of dysfunctional systemic atrioventricular valves in patients with congential heart disease within a pediatric hospital.MethodsA standardized screening and planning process was developed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, three dimensional echocardiography and both virtual and physical simulation. Procedures were performed using the MitraClip G4 system and patients were clinically followed post‐intervention.ResultsA series of four CHD patients with at least severe AVVR were screened for suitability for TEER with the MitraClip system: three patients had single ventricle physiology and Fontan palliation, and one had repair of a common atrioventricular canal defect. Each patient had at least severe systemic AVVR and was considered at prohibitively high risk for surgical repair. Each patient underwent a standardized preprocedural screening protocol and image‐derived modeling followed by the TEER procedure with successful clip placement at the intended location in all cases.ConclusionsThe early results of our protocolized efforts to introduce TEER repair of severe AV valve regurgitation with MitraClip into the CHD population within our institution are encouraging. Further investigations of the use of TEER in this challenging population are warranted.
Prognostic value of the number of biopsied sentinel lymph nodes for Chinese patients with melanoma: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Hu Tu , Xu Yu , Yan Wangjun , Wang Chunmeng , Sun Wei , Kong Yunyi , Chen Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundSentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) helps to determine accurate pathological stages and facilitates strategies for regional disease control in melanoma. However, whether the number of biopsied sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) influences the patients' survival is rarely investigated.MethodsAcral or cutaneous melanoma patients with no history of nodal disease who received SLNB in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinicopathological variables including Breslow index, ulceration, number of positive SLNs, SLN/non‐SLN status were analyzed. The pathologic nodal (pN) stage and pathological stage were defined.ResultsA total of 381 eligible patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 132 (34.7%) patients were diagnosed with SLN‐positive. The median number of biopsied SLNs was 2 (range: 1 to 20). Different numbers of biopsied SLNs did not influence the release‐free survival (RFS) of the general patients. However, patients with >2 SLNs had a longer RFS than those with 1–2 SLNs in T4, N1a group and those who rejected complete lymph node dissection (CLND).ConclusionsIn patients with T4 melanomas, N1a melanomas and those that did not undergo a CLND, the prognosis of those with three or more SLNs retrieved seemed to be improved.
Research on dual‐coupled wireless power transfer system for cardiac pacemaker based on integrated coils
Authors: Chen Weihua , Ge Shuaishuai , Yan Xiaoheng , Song Yuhang , Jia Jingtao 
Published: December 2023

SummaryIn order to reduce the implantation volume and improve the transmission efficiency of the magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer system for cardiac pacemakers, a dual‐coupled wireless power transfer system for cardiac pacemakers that integrates a compensation coil into the main coil was designed. First, the mutual inductance equivalent model of the dual‐coupled wireless power transfer system was established and the impedance matching parameters were solved. The double‐sided inductor–capacitor–inductor (DS‐LCL) circuit simulation model considering the equivalent series resistance was established with MATLAB. The influence of different inductance ratios on the output power and transfer efficiency of the system was analyzed in the range of 200–300 kHz, and the system parameters for optimal transfer efficiency were determined. Second, the compensation coil on the same side was naturally decoupled by changing the aspect ratio of the compensation coil. The magnetic field distribution between the internally integrated dual‐coupled structure proposed in this paper and the conventional integrated structure was compared using COMSOL, and the safety assessment of the system was conducted, considering parameters such as temperature rise and specific absorption rate. Finally, an experimental platform was established to verify the system's output performance and safety. The results showed that compared with conventional integrated structures, the proposed integrated structure increased the output power by 0.229 W and transmission efficiency by 10.08% at a transmission distance of 8 mm. The maximum temperature rise is 1.9°C.
Correspondence between scalp‐EEG and stereoelectroencephalography seizure‐onset patterns in patients with MRI‐negative drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Authors: Bolzan Anna , Benoit Jeanne , Pizzo Francesca , Makhalova Julia , Villeneuve Nathalie , Carron Romain , Scavarda Didier , Bartolomei Fabrice , Lagarde Stanislas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur objective was to evaluate the relationship between scalp‐EEG and stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) seizure‐onset patterns (SOP) in patients with MRI‐negative drug‐resistant focal epilepsy.MethodsWe analyzed retrospectively 41 patients without visible lesion on brain MRI who underwent video‐EEG followed by SEEG. We defined five types of SOPs on scalp‐EEG and eight types on SEEG. We examined how various clinical variables affected scalp‐EEG SOPs.ResultsThe most prevalent scalp SOPs were rhythmic sinusoidal activity (56.8%), repetitive epileptiform discharges (22.7%), and paroxysmal fast activity (15.9%). The presence of paroxysmal fast activity on scalp‐EEG was always seen without delay from clinical onset and correlated with the presence of low‐voltage fast activity in SEEG (sensitivity = 22.6%, specificity = 100%). The main factor explaining the discrepancy between the scalp and SEEG SOPs was the delay between clinical and scalp‐EEG onset. There was a correlation between the scalp and SEEG SOPs when the scalp onset was simultaneous with the clinical onset (p = 0.026). A significant delay between clinical and scalp discharge onset was observed in 25% of patients and featured always with a rhythmic sinusoidal activity on scalp, corresponding to similar morphology of the discharge on SEEG. The presence of repetitive epileptiform discharges on scalp was associated with an underlying focal cortical dysplasia (sensitivity = 30%, specificity = 90%). There was no significant association between the scalp SOP and the epileptogenic zone location (deep or superficial), or surgical outcome.SignificanceIn patients with MRI‐negative focal epilepsy, scalp SOP could suggest the SEEG SOP and some etiology (focal cortical dysplasia) but has no correlation with surgical prognosis. Scalp SOP correlates with the SEEG SOP in cases of simultaneous EEG and clinical onset; otherwise, scalp SOP reflects the propagation of the SEEG discharge.Plain Language SummaryWe looked at the correspondence between the electrical activity recorded during the start of focal seizure using scalp and intracerebral electrodes in patients with no visible lesion on MRI. If there is a fast activity on scalp, it reflects similar activity inside the brain. We found a good correspondence between scalp and intracerebral electrical activity for cases without significant delay between clinical and scalp electrical onset (seen in 75% of the cases we studied). Visualizing repetitive epileptic activity on scalp could suggest a particular cause of the epilepsy: a subtype of brain malformation called focal cortical dysplasia.
Optimized deep learning based hypernet convolution neural network and long short term memory for joint pilot design and channel estimation in MIMO‐OFDM model
Authors: Silpa C. , Vani A. , Naidu K. Rama 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn multiple input multiple output‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO‐OFDM) systems, efficient pilot design (PD) and channel estimation (CE) greatly influences the reliability and robustness of pilot‐based CE methods. But, accurate estimationof the channel remains a challenge in a high‐mobility environment with non‐linear channel characteristics. Many techniques have been introduced to overcome the pilot contamination and CE problems in the MIMO‐OFDM system to overcome this issue. However, these techniques take multiple paths at the receiver, resulting in delay spread and interference in the communication. Hence, this study presents a novel deep learning (DL) based technique for channel estimation based on channel state information (CSI). A DL technique based on a hyper convolutional neural network (Hyper‐CNN) is introduced for the optimal pilot design. The selection of the pilot position can be made using the tunicate swarm optimization (TSO) approach. Finally, a DL‐based long short‐term memory (LSTM) model is proposed for the CE in the MIMO‐OFDM system. The proposed method is implemented in the MATLAB platform, and the outcome is compared under different metrics like mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). In the experimental scenario, the proposed method attains the BER of 0.20 and 0.03 for CP (cyclic prefix) and without CP, respectively. In addition, the proposed method attains the MSE of 1.14, 0.99, 1.08 and 0.97 for 8, 16, 48 and 64 pilots, respectively. The performance of a proposed method is compared with the existing method and proves the efficacy of the proposed method.
Ultrasound radiomics based XGBoost model to differential diagnosis thyroid nodules and unnecessary biopsy rate: Individual application of SHapley additive exPlanations
Authors: Xiong Zhengbiao , Shi Yan , Zhang Yunyun , Duan Shuhui , Ding Yushuang , Zheng Qi , Jiao Yuting , Yan Junhong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesRadiomics‐based eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model was developed to differentiate benign thyroid nodules from malignant thyroid nodules and to prevent unnecessary thyroid biopsies, including positive and negative effects.MethodsThe study evaluated a data set of ultrasound images of thyroid nodules in patients retrospectively, who initially received ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) for diagnostic purposes. According to ACR TI‐RADS, a total of five ultrasound feature categories and the maximum size of the nodule were determined by four radiologists. A radiomics score was developed by the LASSO algorithm from the ultrasound‐based radiomics features. An interpretative method based on Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) was developed. XGBoost was compared with ACR TI‐RADS for its diagnostic performance and FNAB rate and was compared with six other machine learning models to evaluate the model performance.ResultsFinally, 191 thyroid nodules were examined from 177 patients. The radiomics score were calculated using 8 features, which were selected among 789 candidate features generated from the ultrasound images. The model yielded an AUC of 93% in the training cohort and 92% in the test cohort. It outperformed traditional machine learning models in assessing the nature of thyroid nodules. Compared with ACR TI‐RADS, the FNAB rate decreased from 34% to 30% in training and from 35% to 41% in test.ConclusionsThe radiomics‐based XGBoost model proposed could distinguish benign and malignant thyroid nodules, thereby reduced significantly the number of unnecessary FNAB. It was effective in making preoperative decisions and managing selected patients using the SHAP visual interpretation tools.
Study of Mg–Fe content in tourmalines from the dravite–schorl series by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Pasetti Lorenzo , Fornasini Laura , Mantovani Luciana , Andò Sergio , Raneri Simona , Palleschi Vincenzo , Bersani Danilo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThanks to their high chemical and mechanical stability, their diffusion in all types of detrital sediments and their complex structural formula (XY3Z6(T6O18)(BO3)3V3W), tourmalines have attracted strong interest in provenance studies since, from their chemical composition, it is possible to reconstruct the source rocks in ancient sediments. Dravite and schorl, belonging to the alkali subgroup 1, are the most abundant tourmaline species, and they have different Y‐site compositions in the unit cell: dravite has more magnesium, while schorl has a higher iron content. For this reason, it is important to measure the Mg–Fe relative content in order to classify the analysed tourmalines in the dravite–schorl series. Raman spectroscopy is a suitable technique as it allows quick and easy measurements that provide chemical and structural information on tourmalines with a high spatial resolution, thus allowing analysis of small grains that could be found in sediments. In this work, we correlated the relative Mg–Fe content (x = Mg/(Mg + Fe)) in different tourmaline samples from the dravite–schorl series (
) with variations in Raman spectrum parameters in order to find a model for quick tourmaline identification useful for provenance studies. The chemical compositions of the analysed tourmalines are obtained by scanning electron microscope coupled with energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS). Raman measurements with a portable spectrometer have also been performed in order to evaluate our results for in situ applications.
Effect of ultrasonic modification on the binding ability of pectin to anthocyanin
Authors: Liu Yutong , Tong Yingjia , Tong Qunyi , Xu Wentian , Wang Zeqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPectin was considered as a potential candidate to improve the thermal stability of anthocyanins, and the binding ability of pectin to anthocyanins was influenced by its structure. In this study, sunflower pectins, modified by ultrasound (40 kHz) for different periods of time, were prepared and used to bind with anthocyanins, extracted from purple sweet potato.RESULTSCharacterization and thermal stability of pectin–anthocyanin complexes were investigated. The ultrasonic modification of pectin resulted in many changes in pectin chemical structure, including degradation of neutral sugar side chains, breakage of methoxyl groups, and increased molecular flexibility. Extension of ultrasonic modification time led to greater changes in pectin chemical structure. Analysis of the binding ability, as determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, revealed that the interaction between pectin and anthocyanins was driven by hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and hydrophobic interaction. Pectins with different ultrasonic modification times bound with anthocyanins to different extents, mainly resulting from an increase in the number of hydrogen bonds. According to high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis, during heating at 90 °C the stronger the binding ability of pectin and anthocyanin complex, the better was its thermal stability.CONCLUSIONUltrasonic modification of pectin could effectively enhance its binding ability to anthocyanin. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.