bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On making-up and breaking-up: woman and ware, craving and corpse in Walter Benjamin's Arcades Project
Authors: Leslie Esther 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWalter Benjamin's writings on the Paris shopping arcades and nineteenth- century urban industrial culture are frequently referenced in contemporary examinations of ‘modernity'. In current cultural studies Benjamin's investigation of the aesthetics of merchandise and his insights into the social fact of mass consumerism are repeatedly invoked. Indeed these investigations may be alluded to even more frequently than reference is made to Benjamin's once much reproduced essay ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction'. A decade and a half ago Benjamin's ‘Artwork’ essay (1935—9) was one of the most frequently cited essays in new art history and cultural studies academic textbooks. To put it crudely, a turnaround has occurred. In the 1970s academic (and non-academic) attention spotlit Benjamin's materialist history of artistic production, distribution and reception as presented in the ‘Artwork’ essay and in ‘The Author as Producer’ (1934). The political events of 1968 had made Benjamin extremely readable. His thoughts discharged after some years delay. Most alluring to the German 68ers were the statements on political art and Benjamin's dissections of fascism. Also entrancing were Benjamin's analyses of experience. Benjamin wrote extensively, and from early on, about ways of expanding the conceptualisation of experience: sometimes philosophically - by means of Kant-critique, sometimes aesthetically — by a probing of surrealism and psychoanalysis, and sometimes practically – through experiments with hashish, which were later written up as protocols. John Berger's Ways of Seeing (1972) represented an original attempt to introduce Benjamin to an English audience, via the appropriately mass mediation of television. Benjamin was adopted as a leftist mascot, and a materialist who could recommend directions for art interpretation and more importantly, cultural practice. The approaches of the 1980s and 1990s, inflected by the priorities of feminist and postmodernist scholarship as they have loomed in cultural studies, art history and sociology, increasingly turned to those aspects of Benjamin's work that appear to illuminate a burgeoning interest in urbanism and consumerism. Interest has shifted away from cultural production and critique towards consumption and characterization. These days, Benjamin is regularly served up as one of the theorists who can vindicate a feel-good consumerism, lending a glamourizing and theoretical loftiness to the activity of shopping. Indeed, far from blasting the chimeras of commodity fetishism, Benjamin becomes the commodity's high-priest.
The law of value and the analysis of underdevelopment
Authors: Weeks John 
Published: July 2005

AbstractKarl Marx entitled his first major work on the theory of capitalism an Introduction to the Critique of Political Economy, not, it should be stressed, An Introduction to … Political Economy. The inclusion of the crucial ‘the critique of provides the key to Marx's break with classical political economy. As much as he respected the contribution of bourgeois writers, especially Ricardo, he did not consider himself a radical member of the political economy school. That the political economy school's most outstanding members focused upon class relations did not save them from an analysis that, in Marx's judgement, was ‘vulgar', in that it focused upon the appearance of phenomena rather than their underlying causes. Political economy focused on relations of exchange, rather than on class relations among human beings. As he wrote famously in an oftquoted letter, for at least a generation before him bourgeois writers had recognised both class divisions in capitalism and that the basis of profit was exploitation; were these the central elements of his work, his contribution would have been trivial.
The silences of Capital
Authors: Lebowitz Michael A 
Published: July 2005

AbstractNot too long ago, Michael Burawoy commented that ‘two anomalies confront Marxism as its refutation: the durability of capitalism and the passivity of its working class'. So, has the time come, more than 125 years after the publication of Capital, to admit that the ‘facts’ (which meant something to Marx) simply do not support Marx's theory?
Marx and the Magic of Money: Towards an Alchemy of Capital
Authors: Taylor Graham , Neary Michael 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWe live in an age dominated by money. As capitalism has intensified and expanded as a social form, money has increasingly colonised the production and reproduction of the human condition. We live in an age of monetarism: an age in which social and political regulation are increasingly subordinate to the dictates of ‘sound money'. We live in an age of national lotteries: an age where millions attempt each week to garner enough money to ‘free’ themselves from the grinding agony of wage labour. We live in an age in which people increasingly grasp the alienation inherent in the domination of society by money and attempt to reassert a sense of human community through the introduction of local currency and barter schemes. But we also live in an age where Marxism is supposedly dead; where we can only gaze in ironic postmodern wonder at the increasing domination of the human condition by money and its social forms. In this paper we go beyond this postmodern orthodoxy to suggest that it is not only possible to develop a historically materialist analysis of money and its social forms but also that this project is essential if we are to reclaim our humanity from the deadening alienation of money and its social forms. We explore the magical qualities of money, the qualities which have enthralled and transfixed bourgeois social science from the classical economy of Adam Smith to the present day postmodernists. We argue that the lasting legacy of Marx was to uncover the historical materiality underlying the magical appearance of money: a discovery of the alchemic properties of money capital through which money becomes more money and which involves the material subordination of living labour to the valorisation of money capital.
The Politics of Novelty
Authors: Bonefeld Werner 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe ‘politics of novelty’ seems a somewhat strange if not straightforwardly bizarre topic. What is meant by ‘novelty’ and under what sort of conditions would one be able to think of ‘novelty’ in terms of a politics? What does politics have to do with ‘novelty’, and conversely, ‘novelty’ with ‘polities’?
How Not To Write About Lenin
Authors: Molyneux John 
Published: July 2005

AbstractEighty one years on, the Russian Revolution remains an event of unique significance for socialists, Marxists and historical materialists. It is the only occasion to date of which it can plausibly be claimed that the working class itself overthrew the capitalist state, established its own power and maintained it on a national scale for a significant period of time. Discount the Russian Revolution and we are left only with heroic but local and short-lived attempts and near-misses such as the Paris Commune, the Hungarian Revolution of 1919, the Munich Soviet and Barcelona 1936, or the long list of seizures of power, usually by armed forces of one sort or another, in the name of the working class or Marxism (Eastern Europe 1945–47, China 1949, Cuba 1959, etc.).
Dialectics, ‘the Party9 and the Problem of the New Society
Authors: Hudis Peter 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis is an especially auspicious moment to reconsider the problem of organisation in Marxist theory. This is not needed for the sake of rehashing old debates about which strategy or tactic can best ‘make’ the revolution. In a century that has seen many revolutions come to power but none lead to the creation of a new society we have different reasons for exploring the problem of organisation. The question is, what kind of organisation, and what relation between organisation, spontaneity, and revolutionary theory, can best combat the tendency of new forms of oppression to emerge after the seizure of power? In other words, what role does revolutionary organisation play in the effort to envision and help work out the new human relations needed to ensure any successful transformation of society?
Labour, Eco-Regulation, and Value: A Response to Benton's Ecological Critique of Marx
Authors: Burkett Paul 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn an earlier article, I responded to Ted Benton's charge that Marx and Engels, upon realising the political conservatism associated with Malthusian natural limits arguments, retreated from materialism to a social-constructionist conception of human production and reproduction. I showed that Benton artificially dichotomises the material and social elements of historical materialism, thereby misreading Marx and Engels's recognition of the historical specificity of material conditions as an outright denial of all natural limits. In place of Marx and Engels's materialist and class-relational approach to population issues and the reserve army of the unemployed, Benton employs a partially Malthusianised Marxism heavily reliant on ahistorical notions of natural limits.
The Myth of Lenin's ‘Concept Of The Party’: Or What They Did to What Is To Be Done?
Authors: Draper Hal 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe myth for today is an axiom of what we may call Leninology — a branch of Kremlinology that has rapidly grown in the hands of the various university Russian Institutes, doctoral programs, political journalists, et al. According to this axiom, Lenin's 1902 book What Is To Be Done? (for short, WITBD) represents the essential content of his ‘operational code’ or ‘concept of the party’: all of Bolshevism and eventually Stalinism lies in ambush in its pages; it is the canonical work of ‘Leninism’ on party organisation, which, in turn, bears the original sin of totalitarianism. It establishes the ‘Leninist type of party’ as an authoritarian structure controlled from the top by ‘professional revolutionaries’ of upper-class provenance lording over a proletarian rank and file.
Capitalist Competition and the Tendency to Overproduction: Comments on Brenner's ‘Uneven Development and the Long Downturn’
Authors: Clarke Simon 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe publication of Bob Brenner's long-awaited analysis of the development of post-war capitalism is to be welcomed. Brenner's systematic review of a mass of data on the development of the US, German and Japanese economies finally, and incontrovertibly, destroys the ‘profit squeeze’ explanation for the tendencies to stagnation and crisis which have afflicted global capitalism over the past thirty years. This once fashionable theory explained the crisis tendencies of capitalism in terms of the ability of workers to restrict profitability through their demands for higher wages and their resistance to the intensification of labour. It is manifestly the case that the struggles of workers over the past thirty years have been predominantly defensive struggles, attempting, at best, to limit the erosion of relative gains of previous years in the spheres of wages, job control and welfare provision. The resistance of workers to a further intensification of their exploitation may have presented a barrier to the resolution of the crisis on the basis of capital, but it is certainly not the struggle of workers that has provoked the crisis.
Crisis and the Poverty of Nations: Two Market Products Which Value Explains Better
Authors: Freeman Alan 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn Sarsi I seem to discern the firm belief that in philosophising one must support oneself on the opinion of some celebrated author, as if our minds ought to remain completely sterile and barren unless wedded to the reasoning of someone else…that is not how things are. Philosophy is written in this grand book, the universe, which stands continually open to our gaze.
Explaining the Global Economic Crisis
Authors: Shaikh Anwar 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDuring the late 1960s, the long post-war economic boom which had characterised the advanced capitalist countries began to fade away. In its wake came an equally long era of stagnation, decline, and political and economic turbulence. Unemployment, inflation, falling profitability, business failures and bankruptcies were the new order of the day, and it became commonplace to see fearful headlines about the possible collapse of the global financial system or even of accumulation itself.
Brenner and Crisis Theory: Issues in Systematic and Historical Dialectics
Authors: Smith Tony 
Published: July 2005

AbstractRobert Brenner's recent monograph on the economics of global turbulence has renewed interest in one of the most important topics in Marxian thought, the theory of crisis tendencies in capitalism. In their introduction to Brenner's monograph, the editors of New Left Review praise him as a worthy successor to Marx in the strongest possible terms. In the eyes of a number of critics, however, Brenner is guilty of a major betrayal of Marx's legacy. In Michael Lebowitz's view, for instance, Brenner should now be seen as a disciple of Adam Smith, not Karl Marx, while Fine, Lapavitsas, and Milonakis refer to Brenner's position as ‘a distinctly non-Marxist perspective’.
Surfing the Troubled Waters of ‘Global Turbulence’: A Comment
Authors: Weeks John 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThose familiar with the contributions of Robert Brenner to understanding of the historical development of capitalism, and his devastating critique of the ‘regulation school’ must, like myself, have felt a sense of anticipation as they began his recent volume on global capitalism since the end of World War Two. While the editor's introduction was pretentious to the point of embarrassment, this unfortunate excursion into naive idolatry should not be attributed to the author himself. However, even those most supportive of Brenner's previous work (again, such as myself), could not help but be disappointed by the contents of ‘;Global Turbulence’.
Decision Making and the Legal Committee of the International Maritime Organization
Authors:   Gaskell
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis article considers the decision making process in the Legal Committee of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), one of the UN Special Agencies, and in diplomatic conferences convened to finalise the work of the Committee. It examines a number of legal instruments (such as the 1989 Salvage Convention, the HNS Convention 1996, the Arrest Convention 1999, Bunker Pollution Convention 2001 and the Athens Convention 2002) to see how proposals are introduced and drafted. In particular, it provides observations on the process of negotiation and the influences which states, NGOs and individuals can exert in order to achieve drafting progress. All international organisations have their own culture, which is not always evident to ``outsiders'', and so the article tries to give a flavour of the IMO culture and the use that can be made of its travaux préparatoires.
Protecting the Rights of People with Mental Disabilities:The European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Lewis Oliver 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThis paper will analyse the essential legal requirements of the European Convention on Human Rights which touch on the lives (and deaths) of people with mental disabilities. It will examine the procedural safeguards which must be followed when involuntarily detaining a person under mental health legislation; access to a court to test the lawfulness of detention; the requirement to be free from torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; the right to respect for private and family life, home and correspondence; and the right to life, including investigation after a death. The paper will discuss some of the factors which explain the relative scarcity of mental disability cases decided by the Strasbourg Court. In conclusion there will be an examination of the role of lawyers and other key players in mental disability, and how stakeholders can move forward to prompt much needed social reform.
Aggression under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
Authors:   Ntanda Nsereko
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court includes aggression among the crimes within the Court's jurisdiction. It mandates the Assembly of States Parties to define the crime and to set out the conditions under which the Court shall exercise jurisdiction over it. Both the definition and the conditions must be consistent with the UN Charter provisions. The most pertinent of these provisions is Article 39, which empowers the Security Council to determine ‘the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression’. Based on the context of this provision the article discusses the envisaged role of the Security Council vis-á-vis the International Criminal Court in the prosecution of aggression. The author acknowledges the Council's primary responsibility in matters relating to the maintenance of international peace and security, but asserts that such responsibility is not exclusive. The author also concedes the Council's prerogative under Article 39 to determine whether a state has committed an act of aggression for purposes of making recommendations or taking enforcement measures against such a state. Nevertheless the author contends that such determination does not preclude the Court from making its own determination for the purpose of assigning criminal responsibility on individuals. The author argues that the Court is an independent, impartial judicial body. It should not be bound by determinations of the Council, a political body that is often guided more by political considerations than by the law and evidence. The author maintains that subjecting the Court's jurisdiction over aggression to Security Council determinations would eviscerate the Court's effectiveness and credibility.
Jurisdiction, Recognition, and Enforcement of Court Judgments and Arbitral Awards: Analyses and Recommendations to Improve Armenian and Russian Legislation
Authors:   Karapetyan
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe present article examines problems of personal jurisdiction and of the recognition and enforcement of court judgments and arbitration awards in the Republic of Armenia and in the Russian Federation. The author reviews the relevant international best practices, especially on the European Union level, and the relevant provisions of Armenian and Russian legislation on personal jurisdiction and the enforcement of judgments.Problems of international jurisdiction and enforcement are becoming more apparent due to globalization trends and the increasing involvement in cross-country trade of the two countries that are the focus of this work. Therefore, issues dealing with personal jurisdiction need to be carefully reviewed.A similar review of the applicable international conventions on the recognition and enforcement of arbitration agreements and arbitral awards is made with proper to Armenian and Russian legislation. Being based on the UNCITRAL Model Arbitration Law, Russian legislation poses fewer problems for practitioners than does Armenian legislation. Again, economic developments will force—in this case mostly—Armenia to address problems of the type that are identified in this work with respect to arbitration awards.
Two Landmark Decisions of the Albanian Constitutional Court: The Individual, the Employee, and the State
Authors: Alibali Agron 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe present article focuses on two important decisions of the Albanian Constitutional Court that have clarified the right to a fair hearing in circumstances in which removal proceedings against top government officials are at the center of an administrative dispute. In interpreting the Constitution and following its established jurisprudence, the Court held that the right to a fair hearing exists in every administrative proceeding that has a "punishing character". The dispute arising from the removal of Albania's General Prosecutor in the spring of 2002 has provided a rare opportunity to debate important issues of constitutional law and human rights in what was a previously closed and oppressed society. The article outlines the circumstances surrounding the case, highlights related Albanian law and jurisprudence, discusses the role in such cases of the Parliament and President, set forth the pleadings before the Court, and analyzes the Court's rulings. The Court's rulings are also framed in a comparative context against the landmark case of Pellegrin v. France, as decided by the European Court of Human Rights, as well as the doctrine of procedural due process.
Conditioning with 8-Gy total body irradiation and fludarabine for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Stelljes Matthias , Bornhauser Martin , Kroger Matthias , Beyer Joerg , Sauerland Maria C. , Heinecke Achim , Berning Bjorna , Scheffold Christian , Silling Gerda , Buchner Thomas , Neubauer Andreas , Fauser Axel A. , Ehninger Gerhard , Berdel Wolfgang E. , Kienast Joachim ,   for the Cooperative German Transplant Study Group
Published: July 2005

AbstractSeventy-one patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), most of them (63/71) considered ineligible for conventional allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), were enrolled into a phase 2 study on reduced-intensity myeloablative conditioning with fractionated 8-Gy total body irradiation (TBI) and fludarabine (120 mg/m2). Patients received mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (n = 68) or bone marrow (n = 3) from siblings (n = 39) or unrelated donors (n = 32). Thirty-six patients received a transplant in complete remission (CR) and 35 had untreated or refractory disease (non-CR). Median patient age was 51 years (range, 20-66 years). Sustained engraftment was attained in all evaluable patients. With a median follow-up of 25.9 months (range, 3.7-61.2 months) in surviving patients, probabilities of overall survival for patients who received a transplant in CR and non-CR were 81% and 21% at 2 years, respectively. Relapse-free survival rates were 78% and 16%. The cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) in CR patients was 8% at 2 years and beyond but amounted to 37% at 2 years in non-CR patients. Outcome data in this poor-risk population indicate that allogeneic HSCT from related or unrelated donors with 8-Gy TBI/fludarabine conditioning is feasible with low NRM and preserved antileukemic activity in AML patients in first or later CR.