bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND AND MRI IMAGING OF THE BUTTOCKS AND THIGHS IN A SEATED POSITION
Authors: Mogale Nkhensani , van Schoor Albert , Scott Justin , Schantz Daniel , Ilyasov Viktor , Bush Tamara Reid , Slade Jill M 
Published: November 2023

Pressure ulcers are a common occurrence in individuals with spinal cord injuries, and are attributed to prolonged sitting and limited mobility. This therefore creates the need to better understand soft tissue composition, in the attempt to prevent and treat pressure ulcers. In this study, novel approaches to imaging the soft tissue of the buttocks were investigated in the loaded and unloaded position using ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Twenty-six able-bodied participants (n=26, 13 males and 13 females) were recruited for this study and 1 male with a spinal cord injury. Two visits using US were required, as well as one MRI visit to evaluate soft tissue thickness and composition. US Imaging for the loaded conditions was performed using an innovative chair which allowed image acquisition in the seated upright position and MRI was done in the lateral decubitus position and loading was applied to the buttocks using a newly developed MRI compatible loader. The unloaded condition was a lateral decubitus position. Soft tissue was measured between the peak of the ischial tuberosity (IT) and the proximal femur and skin.Tissue thickness reliability for US was excellent, ICC=0.934–0.981 with no significant differences between the scan days. US and MRI measures of tissue thickness were significantly correlated (r=0.68–0.91). US underestimated unloaded tissue thicknesses with a mean bias of 0.39 – 0.56 for total tissue and muscle + tendon thickness. When the buttocks were loaded, total tissue thickness was reduced by 64.2±9.1%.US assessment of soft tissue thicknesses was reliable in both positions. The unloaded measurements using US were validated with MRI with acceptable limits of agreement, albeit tended to underestimate tissue thickness. Tissue thickness, but not fatty infiltration of muscle played a role in how the soft tissue of the buttocks responded to loading.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATTERN OF ORTHOPAEDIC INJURIES CAUSED BY DELIVERY MOTORBIKE ACCIDENTS (DMBA) AT A SOUTH AFRICAN TERTIARY HOSPITAL
Authors: Nzimande David , Sukati Falethu 
Published: November 2023

Trauma patients present with different injuries and some of them require emergency surgical procedures. Orthopaedic department at Steve Biko Academic Hospital (SBAH) have seen an increasing number of patients presenting with serious orthopaedic injuries due to Delivery Motorbike Accidents (DMBA). The aim of the study was to establish the epidemiology and pattern of orthopaedic injuries sustained following Delivery Motorbike Accident.Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA) administration office at SBAH in emergency department was approached for patients registers used between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2022. There patients were registered as Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA), Motorbike Accident (MBA) and Pedestrian Vehicle Accident (PVA) by the administration office. The details of patients classified as MBA were collected and used to obtain clinical data from medical and radiological records in the form of patient's files and PACS respectively.Approximately 240 patients presented to Emergency department with orthopaedic injuries following a motorbike accident. About 78 files could not be retrieved from the patient's records department. About 74patients had their occupation recorded as unknown or unemployed. Approximately 70 patients had their occupation indicated in the file by the Clinicians or Administration Clerks. About 40 patients had their occupation as delivery man or working for a delivery company. 16 patients did not have images on the PACS system. Most of the patients were males, presented after hours and sustained multiple injuries that were managed surgically. Very few patients had their helmet status indicated in the file.The study suggests that accidents due to delivery motorbikes are prevalent at SBAH and result in orthopaedic injuries. Almost 50% of patients who had their occupation indicated in the file were delivery employees. A follow up prospective study is recommended to ensure complete collection of data from patients at presentation to ED.
THE IMPACT OF HIV INFECTION ON WOUND HEALING AND FRACTURE UNION IN PATIENTS WITH CLOSED ANKLE FRACTURES TREATED WITH A PLATE OSTEOSYNTHESIS AT A TERTIARY LEVEL HOSPITAL
Authors: Rachoene Thabang , Sonke Khanyile , Rachuene Archie , Mpho Tladi 
Published: November 2023

Fractures of the ankle are common, and they mostly affect young adults. Wound complications are not uncommon following the fixation of these fractures. This study evaluated the impact of HIV on wound healing after plate osteosynthesis in patients with closed ankle fractures.This is an observational retrospective study of patients operated on at a tertiary level hospital. We reviewed hospital records for patients above 18 years of age who presented with wound breakdown following ankle open reduction and internal fixation. The patients’ hospital records were retrieved to identify all the patients treated for closed ankle fractures and those who developed wound breakdown. Patients with Pilon fractures were excluded. The National Health Laboratory System (NHLS) database was accessed to retrieve the CD4 count, viral load, haematology study results, and biochemistry results of these patients at the time of surgery and subsequent follow-up. The x-rays were retrieved from the electronic picture archiving system (PACS) and were assessed for fracture union at a minimum of 3 months follow-up.We reviewed the medical records of 172 patients with closed ankle fractures treated from 2018 to 2022. Thirty-one (18.0%) developed wound breakdown after surgery, and they were all tested for HIV. Most of the patients were male (58.0%), and the average age of the cohort was 43.7 years (range: 21 years to 84 years). Ten of these patients (32.2%) were confirmed HIV positive, with CD4 counts ranging from 155 to 781. Viral load levels were lower than detectable in 40% of these patients. All patients progressed to fracture union at a minimum of 3 months follow-up.We observed no difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in terms of wound breakdown and bone healing post-plate osteosynthesis for closed ankle fractures.
NOVEL SOLUTION TO THE ARTHROPLASTY BACKLOG PROBLEM IN A TERTIARY ACADEMIC INSTITUTION
Authors: Sikhauli Nkhodiseni , Pietrzak Jurek RT , Sekeitto Allan R , Chuene Mabua , Almeida Richard , Mokete Lipalo 
Published: November 2023

Hip and knee joint arthroplasty wait list has been getting outrageously long in South Africa with some tertiary hospital reporting more than 5 years of waiting time. This has been further compounded by covid 19 pandemic. There is plateau of ideas on how best to address the backlogs in high volume tertiary centers, with catchup list, out reach program, private partnership seeming unsustainable. We sought to look for sustainable solution to the problem and we looked not far but inside the system.MethodTriggered by the fire that engulfed part of the hospital, we found ourself refuged at the sister tertiary hospital with no access to theatre time. We visited districts hospitals within the cluster and discovered state of the art facility underutilized. We presented a plan to establish a satellite arthroplasty center which was greatly embraced by the management. We partnered with the trade to setup an arthroplasty service in this district hospital. Employed 3 retired nurses and 2 parttime anaesthetist all on yearly contract. We developed pathways for patient selection according to American Society of Anaesthesiologist(ASA).232 total joint arthroplasties were performed in 15-month, 33%Hips and 67%Knees. The average hospital stay was 2,3± 2days. We had 1 mortality(# NOF) and 2 cases of PJI treated successfully with debridement antibiotic and implant retention. We had 5 cases of intraoperative calcar femur fracture managed with cables and all stable at 6weeksand 3month. Over 76% of the cases were performed by fellows as the primary surgeons.Primary hip and knee total joint replacement can be safely performed in a district hospital. Employing motivated retired staff was key to the success of this project. Fellowship trainees performed most of the operations. We suggest that other academic hospitals with long waiting list can look at emulating this model within their district.
PREDICTING TRANSFUSION REQUIREMENTS FOR PRIMARY HIP AND KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: DESIGNING A REGIONAL SERVICE FOR HIGH-VOLUME ARTHROPLASTY SURGERY
Authors: Patel Vijay , Hayter Edward , Hodgson Harry , Barter Reece , Anakwe Raymond 
Published: November 2023

Extended patient waiting lists for assessment and treatment are widely reported for planned elective joint replacement surgery. The development of regionally based Elective Orthopaedic Centres, separate from units that provide acute, urgent or trauma care has been suggested as one solution to provide protected capacity and patient pathways. These centres will adopt protocolised care to allow high volume activity and increased day-case care. We report the plan to establish a new elective orthopaedic centre serving a population of 2.4 million people. A census conducted in 2022 identified that 15000 patients were awaiting joint replacement surgery with predictions for further increases in waiting timesThe principle of care will be to offer routine primary arthroplasty surgery for low risk (ASA 1 and 2) patients at a new regional centre. Pre-operative assessment and preparation will be undertaken digitally, virtually and/or in person at local centres close to the where patients live. This requires new and integrated pathways and ways of working. Predicting which patients will require perioperative transfusion of blood products is an important safety and quality consideration for new pathways. We reviewed all cases of hip and knee arthroplasty surgery conducted at our centre over a 12-month period and identified pre-operative patient related predictive factors to allow us to predict the need for the perioperative transfusion of blood products.We examined patient sex, age, pre-operative haemaglobin and platelet count, use of anti-coagulants, weight and body mass index to allow us to construct the Imperial blood transfusion tool.We have used the results of our study and the transfusion tool to propose the patient pathway for the new regional elective orthopaedic centre which we present.
LATERAL LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION USING ANTERIOR HALF OF PERONEUS LONGUS
Authors: Abramson Michael , McCollum Graham 
Published: November 2023

Ankle sprains are common injuries. Most of them involve the lateral ligament complex. 20–40%% of these injuries will go onto develop symptomatic chronic lateral instability (CLI) and require surgical intervention.The gold standard surgical treatment remains the Brostom-Gould. There are however certain scenarios where this may be unsuitable, such as in hyperlaxity, poor native tissue or revision surgeries. In these situations, a reconstruction with some form of augmentation or grafting is necessary. The anterior half of peroneus longus (AHPL) has gained in popularity as an autograft due to its favourable tendon properties, ease of harvesting, and low reported morbidity. This technique has been adopted by the senior author in these situations. Our primary aim was to assess patient reported outcomes and satisfaction following this surgery. Our secondary objectives were to assess return to sports, donor site morbidity and to report any surgical complications.We performed a retrospective single surgeon study on all patients who underwent CLI reconstruction using the anterior half of peroneus longus between 2014 and 2021. Data was collected prospectively. The Karlsson foot and ankle scoring chart as well as a simple satisfaction table were used to assess outcomes. Minimum follow up was 1 year.44 patients met the inclusion criteria. 23 women, 21 men. The average age was 37.0 (+−13.5). 24 were very satisfied with the surgery, 10 were satisfied, 6 were fair and 4 were dissatisfied. The average Karlsson score improved from 65/90 (34–77) to 85/90 (range 45–90). The average return to sport was 5 months. There was 1 non-surgical complication recorded. There was no repeat surgery for a complication, or recurrent instability and no donor-site morbidity was reported.The results of our study demonstrates that the CLIR using AHPL is a reliable, predictable and safe
Outcomes of a 3-Year Quality Improvement Study to Improve Advance Care Planning in Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Patel Arpan , Bowman Chip A. , Prause Nicole , Kilaru Saikiran M. , Nguyen Andrew , Kogekar Nina , Cohen Cynthia , Channen Lindsay , Harty Alyson , Perumalswami Ponni , Dietrich Douglas , Schiano Thomas , Woodrell Christopher , Agarwal Ritu 
Published: November 2023

Advance care planning in decompensated cirrhosis is recommended but rarely performed.

INTRODUCTION:
To report outcomes of a 3-year quality improvement pilot study to improve advance directive (AD) completion.

METHODS:
The pilot consisted of champions, education, electronic health record templates, and workflow changes. We assessed changes, predictors, and effects of AD completion.

RESULTS:
The pilot led to greater (8.3%–36%) and earlier AD completion, particularly among those divorced, with alcohol-associated liver disease, and with higher Model of End-Stage Liver Disease–Sodium score. Decedents whose AD specified nonaggressive goals experienced lower hospital lengths of stay.

DISCUSSION:
Advance care planning initiatives are feasible and may reduce health care utilization among decedents requesting less aggressive care.
International Consensus Recommendations for Safe Use of LAMS for On- and Off-Label Indications Using a Modified Delphi Process
Authors: Stefanovic Sebastian , Adler Douglas G. , Arlt Alexander , Baron Todd H. , Binmoeller Kenneth F. , Bronswijk Michiel , Bruno Marco J. , Chevaux Jean-Baptiste , Crinò Stefano Francesco , Degroote Helena , Deprez Pierre H. , Draganov Peter V. , Eisendrath Pierre , Giovannini Marc , Perez-Miranda Manuel , Siddiqui Ali A. , Voermans Rogier P. , Yang Dennis , Hindryckx Pieter 
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:
The study aimed to develop international consensus recommendations on the safe use of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) for on- and off-label indications.

METHODS:
Based on the available literature, statements were formulated and grouped into the following categories: general safety measures, peripancreatic fluid collections, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-biliary drainage, EUS-gallbladder drainage, EUS-gastroenterostomy, and gastric access temporary for endoscopy. The evidence level of each statement was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology.
International LAMS experts were invited to participate in a modified Delphi process. When no 80% consensus was reached, the statement was modified based on expert feedback. Statements were rejected if no consensus was reached after the third Delphi round.

RESULTS:
Fifty-six (93.3%) of 60 formulated statements were accepted, of which 35 (58.3%) in the first round. Consensus was reached on the optimal learning path, preprocedural imaging, the need for airway protection and essential safety measures during the procedure, such as the use of Doppler, and measurement of the distance between the gastrointestinal lumen and the target structure. Specific consensus recommendations were generated for the different LAMS indications, covering, among others, careful patient selection, the preferred size of the LAMS, the need for antibiotics, the preferred anatomic location of the LAMS, the need for coaxial pigtail placement, and the appropriate management of LAMS-related adverse events.

DISCUSSION:
Through a modified international Delphi process, we developed general and indication-specific experience- and evidence-based recommendations on the safe use of LAMS.
Analisis Kerapatan dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove di Gili Petagan, Lombok Timur
Authors: Puna Salvina Herawaty , Marwan Muh. , Lestariningsih Wiwid Andriyani , Rahman Ibadur 
Published: November 2023

Ekosistem mangrove terdapat pada daerah peralihan antara daratan dan lautan yang dapat berkembang pada daerah pasang surut dengan substrat berlumpur atau berpasir. Ekosistem mangrove mempunyai fungsi fisik, ekologi, dan ekonomi. Gili Petagan merupakan salah satu pulau kecil yang terletak di Desa Padak Guar, Kecamatan Sambelia, Kabupaten Lombok Timur dengan luas 56,8 hektar dan didominasi oleh vegetasi mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerapatan dan tutupan kanopi mangrove di Gili Petagan, Kecamatan Sambelia, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Pengumpulan data kerapatan mangrove menggunakan metode Dombois & Ellenberg, sedangkan data tutupan kanopi mangrove menggunakan metode hemispherical photography. Hasil penelitian ditemukan empat jenis mangrove yaitu Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, dan Sonneratia alba. Kisaran diameter batang mangrove di Gili Petagan yaitu antara 4,7-9,56 cm dengan kisaran basal area yaitu antara 46,66-5.320 m2/ha. Rata-rata kerapatan mangrove sebesar 3.120 ind/ha, termasuk dalam kriteria baik. Kemudian nilai rata-rata tutupan kanopi mangrove sebesar 71%, termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Jenis substrat yang dominan ditemukan pada Gili Petagan yaitu lempung berpasir yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan mangrove. The mangrove ecosystem is found in transitional areas between land and sea that can develop in tidal areas with muddy or sandy substrates. Mangrove ecosystem have physical, ecological and economic functions. Gili Petagan is a small island located in Padak Guar Village, Sambelia District, East Lombok Regency with an area of 56.8 hectares and is dominated by mangroves. This study aims to determine mangrove’s density and canopy cover in Gili Petagan, Sambelia District, East Lombok Regency. Mangrove density data were collected using the Dombois and Ellenberg method, while data on mangrove canopy cover were obtained using the hemispherical photography method. The result of the study found four mangrove species, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Sonneratia alba. The range of mangrove trunk diameters on Gili Petagan is between 4.7-9.56 cm with a basal area range of between 46.66-5,320 m2/ha. The average density of mangrove is 3.120 ind/ha, which falls within the "good" criteria. Furthermore, the average value of mangrove canopy cover is 71%, classified as "moderate." The dominant type of substrate found on Gili Petagan is sandy loam which is suitable for mangrove growth.
Evaluation Cost Over-Run in Construction of CFSPP EPC Contract:
Authors: Haryono Sony , Silviana S , Setyo Huboyo Haryono 
Published: November 2023

Coal Fired Steam Power Plant (CFSPP) Project is a complex project that requires multidisciplinary knowledge in its implementation. As a result, cost overruns often occur in its implementation. In Indonesia, most power plant projects are using EPC contracts (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction). The contractor is fully responsible for any failures that may occur during the work implementation period. The aim of this study is to compare the realization of completion costs for CFSPP projects with Bill of Quantity (BoQ) and the factors that influence deviations. This research was conducted qualitatively based on the data obtained. Deviations are calculated based on the difference between completion costs and BoQ. Discussions and interviews were conducted with Project Managers and Site Commercial and Risk Managers who were directly involved in construction phase to determine the causes of cost overruns. The result is that the actual cost incurred in the CFSPP project is 3x the cost listed in BoQ. There are cost overruns in each work group including Civil Works, Mechanical Works, Electrical Works and Others Works. Indirect cost realization is 29.84% of total completion cost. The factors that influence cost overruns are: (i) Contractors do not understand the details of the work to be done, (ii) Changes in design and (iii) Realization volume exceeds initial planned volume. The results of this study are expected to be input in preparing owner estimate for CFSPP projects and adding new risk factor lists in CFSPP during construction phase.
A new axiomatics for masures II
Authors: Hébert Auguste 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Masures are generalizations of Bruhat–Tits buildings. They were introduced by Gaussent and Rousseau in order to study Kac–Moody groups over valued fields. We prove that the intersection of two apartments of a masure is convex. Using this, we simplify the axiomatic definition of masures given by Rousseau.
Closed Majorana representations of {3, 4}+-transposition groups
Authors: Ivanov Alexander A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The paper contributes to Majorana theory. Among the eight non-trivial Norton–Sakuma algebras, four algebras are closed on the set of Majorana generators. These algebras are 2A, 2B, 3C and 4B. The classification of Majorana representations restricted to the closed shapes was anticipated for a long time. In the present article the classification is achieved for shapes restricted to 2A, 3C and 4B and for the set of generating involutions in the target group forming a single conjugacy class. Timmesfeld’s classification of {3, 4}+-transposition groups reduces to consideration of just three groups: L
3(2), G
2(2)' and 3
D
4(2). Each of these groups possesses a unique Majorana representation of the required shape. Only the representation of L
3(2), known before, is based on an embedding into the Monster.
Regular parallelisms on PG(3,ℝ) from generalized line stars: the oriented case
Authors: Löwen Rainer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Using the Klein correspondence, regular parallelisms of PG(3, ℝ) have been described by Betten and Riesinger in terms of a dual object, called a hyperflock determining (hfd) line set. In the special case where this set has a span of dimension 3, a second dualization leads to a more convenient object, called a generalized star of lines. Both constructions have later been simplified by the author. Here we refine our simplified approach in order to obtain similar results for regular parallelisms of oriented lines. As a consequence, we can demonstrate that for oriented parallelisms, as we call them, there are distinctly more possibilities than in the non-oriented case. The proofs require a thorough analysis of orientation in projective spaces (as manifolds and as lattices) and in projective planes and, in particular, in translation planes. This is used in order to handle continuous families of oriented regular spreads in terms of the Klein model of PG(3, ℝ). This turns out to be quite subtle. Even the definition of suitable classes of dual objects modeling oriented parallelisms is not so obvious.
Localization operators and inversion formulas for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform
Authors: Soltani Fethi , Maktouf Ibrahim 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We define and study the Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

associated to the Dunkl–Weinstein operator

Δ

k
,
β

\Delta_{k,\beta}

and prove a Plancherel theorem and an inversion formula.
Next, we define a reconstruction function

f
Δ

f_{\Delta}

and prove Calderón’s reproducing inversion formula for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

.
Moreover, we define the localization operators

L
g

⁢

(
σ
)

\mathcal{L}_{g}(\sigma)

associated to this transform.
We study the boundedness and compactness of these operators and establish a trace formula.
Finally, we introduce and study the extremal function

F

η
,
k

∗

:=

(

η
⁢
I

+

S
g
∗

⁢

S
g

)

−
1

⁢

S
g
∗

⁢

(
k
)

F^{\ast}_{\eta,\smash{k}}:=(\eta I+\mathscr{S}^{\ast}_{g}\mathscr{S}_{g})^{-1}\mathscr{S}^{\ast}_{g}(k)

, and we deduce best approximate inversion formulas for the Dunkl–Weinstein–Stockwell transform

S
g

\mathscr{S}_{g}

on the Sobolev space

H

k
,
β

s

⁢

(

R
+

d
+
1

)

\mathscr{H}^{s}_{k,\beta}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^{d+1})

.