bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of a High‐Performance Anti‐Aging Polypropylene Composite with Titanium Oxide and Calcium Sulfate Shielding Agents
Authors: Cong Shanshan , Lan Tianyu , Wang Yazhen , Zu Liwu , Dong Shaobo , Zhan Zuoyuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPolypropylene is a thermoplastic synthetic resin that is widely used across industries. However, it tends to fracture easily and get oxidized under ultraviolet light and high temperatures. This not only reduces its service life but also causes pollution and waste. Although the use of TiO2 as a shielding agent has improved the aging performance of PP composite materials, it still has poor mechanical and processing properties that do not meet the actual demand for high‐performance polypropylene.This limitation seriously impacts the development of polypropylene products. In this paper, we propose the use of the ATRP method with UV shielding titanium dioxide (TiO2) and high‐toughness calcium sulfate whiskers (CSW) coated with coupling agent KH570 surface modification after grafting acrylonitrile (AN). This material has a dual shielding effect on UV light. TiO2‐PAN (TP) mainly plays the role of anti‐aging, whereas CSW‐PAN(CP) mainly enhances the compatibility and mechanical strength between TP and CP. Additionally, CP has a certain UV shielding function due to grafting acrylonitrile. When added to PP in a certain proportion, TP and CP work together to improve the overall performance of polypropylene.
Light‐Induced Vicinal Dichlorination of Alkenes Using FeCl3 as the Dichlorination Reagent
Authors: Li Minghao , Qiu Ming , Ren Yun‐Lai , Li Hui , An Wan‐Kai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe report a ligand‐to‐metal charge‐transfer (LMCT) process that used ferric (III) chloride as efficient chlorination reagent to mediate the vicinal dichlorination of alkenes. Under 420 nm LED light, the easily available and safe ferric (III) chloride could facilitate various alkenes to transform as 1,2‐dichloride compounds with good to excellent yields (19 examples). The strategy showed a more economic protocol than CuCl2, and provided a significant reference for the light‐Induced dichlorination in industrial catalysis.
Nanoparticles Targeting Lymph Nodes for Cancer Immunotherapy: Strategies and Influencing Factors
Authors: Li Zi‐Zhan , Zhong Nian‐Nian , Cao Lei‐Ming , Cai Ze‐Min , Xiao Yao , Wang Guang‐Rui , Liu Bing , Xu Chun , Bu Lin‐Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImmunotherapy has emerged as a potent strategy in cancer treatment, with many approved drugs and modalities in the development stages. Despite its promise, immunotherapy is not without its limitations, including side effects and suboptimal efficacy. Using nanoparticles (NPs) as delivery vehicles to target immunotherapy to lymph nodes (LNs) can improve the efficacy of immunotherapy drugs and reduce side effects in patients. In this context, this paper reviews the development of LN‐targeted immunotherapeutic NP strategies, the mechanisms of NP transport during LN targeting, and their related biosafety risks. NP targeting of LNs involves either passive targeting, influenced by NP physical properties, or active targeting, facilitated by affinity ligands on NP surfaces, while alternative methods, such as intranodal injection and high endothelial venule (HEV) targeting, have uncertain clinical applicability and require further research and validation. LN targeting of NPs for immunotherapy can reduce side effects and increase biocompatibility, but risks such as toxicity, organ accumulation, and oxidative stress remain, although strategies such as biodegradable biomacromolecules, polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating, and impurity addition can mitigate these risks. Additionally, this work concludes with a future‐oriented discussion, offering critical insights into the field.
Piezoelectric Hydrogels: Hybrid Material Design, Properties, and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhang Chi , Kwon Sun Hwa , Dong Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogels show great potential in biomedical applications due to their inherent biocompatibility, high water content, and resemblance to the extracellular matrix. However, they lack self‐powering capabilities and often necessitate external stimulation to initiate cell regenerative processes. In contrast, piezoelectric materials offer self‐powering potential but tend to compromise flexibility. To address this, creating a novel hybrid biomaterial of piezoelectric hydrogels (PHs), which combines the advantageous properties of both materials, offers a systematic solution to the challenges faced by these materials when employed separately. Such innovative material system is expected to broaden the horizons of biomedical applications, such as piezocatalytic medicinal and health monitoring applications, showcasing its adaptability by endowing hydrogels with piezoelectric properties. Unique functionalities, like enabling self‐powered capabilities and inducing electrical stimulation that mimics endogenous bioelectricity, can be achieved while retaining hydrogel matrix advantages. Given the limited reported literature on PHs, here recent strategies concerning material design and fabrication, essential properties, and distinctive applications are systematically discussed. The review is concluded by providing perspectives on the remaining challenges and the future outlook for PHs in the biomedical field. As PHs emerge as a rising star, a comprehensive exploration of their potential offers insights into the new hybrid biomaterials.
Estimation of the density for censored and contaminated data
Authors: Van Keilegom Ingrid , Kekeç Elif 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConsider a situation where one is interested in estimating the density of a survival time that is subject to random right censoring and measurement errors. This happens often in practice, like in public health (pregnancy length), medicine (duration of infection), ecology (duration of forest fire), among others. We assume a classical additive measurement error model with Gaussian noise and unknown error variance and a random right censoring scheme. Under this setup, we develop minimal conditions under which the assumed model is identifiable when no auxiliary variables or validation data are available, and we offer a flexible estimation strategy using Laguerre polynomials for the estimation of the error variance and the density of the survival time. The asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators is established, and the numerical performance of the methodology is investigated on both simulated and real data on gestational age.
I4.0 Holonic Multi-agent Testbed Enabling Shared Production
Authors: Bernhard Alexis T. , Jungbluth Simon , Karnoub Ali , Sidorenko Aleksandr , Motsch William , Wagner Achim , Ruskowski Martin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter aims at presenting the system architecture of a distributed production testbed embedded in an interoperable Shared Production network. The goal of the modular architecture is to enable flexible, resilient and distributed production. The presented approach illustrates how Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) can be incorporated in the manufacturing domain for distributed components on different hierarchy layers based on a holonic approach. The concept is validated on the real-world demonstrator testbed of the SmartFactoryKL. Furthermore, the MAS is combined with Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Asset Administration Shell and OPC UA.
Human in the AI Loop via xAI and Active Learning for Visual Inspection
Authors: Rožanec Jože M. , Montini Elias , Cutrona Vincenzo , Papamartzivanos Dimitrios , Klemenčič Timotej , Fortuna Blaž , Mladenić Dunja , Veliou Entso , Giannetsos Thanassis , Emmanouilidis Christos 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIndustrial revolutions have historically disrupted manufacturing by introducing automation into production. Increasing automation reshapes the role of the human worker. Advances in robotics and artificial intelligence open new frontiers of human-machine collaboration. Such collaboration can be realized considering two sub-fields of artificial intelligence: active learning and explainable artificial intelligence. Active learning aims to devise strategies that help obtain data that allows machine learning algorithms to learn better. On the other hand, explainable artificial intelligence aims to make the machine learning models intelligible to the human person. The present work first describes Industry 5.0, human-machine collaboration, and state-of-the-art regarding quality inspection, emphasizing visual inspection. Then it outlines how human-machine collaboration could be realized and enhanced in visual inspection. Finally, some of the results obtained in the EU H2020 STAR project regarding visual inspection are shared, considering artificial intelligence, human-digital twins, and cybersecurity.
Why and How Textbooks Matter for Youth Wellbeing
Authors: Gellman Mneesha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents what is at stake regarding representation in US history textbooks. The chapter highlights why education is so strongly linked with youth identity, and what the implications are for minority students who do not see themselves represented accurately or even at all in their history textbooks. The data sample, textbook coding methods, literature review, ethnographic data, and terminology are all described to ensure readers know the research context of this book.
A Survey on Perceptions of Data Sharing in the Norwegian Public Sector
Authors: Knutsen Leif Z. , Ngereja Bertha , Bjaaland Ingebjørg Flaata , Hannay Jo E. , Tanilkan Sinan S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSharing data among public institutions is essential for reaping the benefits of data-driven capabilities. Literature to date has identified several types of benefits that are likely to accrue to a wide range of sectors, as well as challenges and obstacles to implementing data-sharing solutions. We sought to identify perceptions of possible benefits, likely challenges, and the likelihood of overcoming them in the Norwegian public sector. Our survey of IT practitioners interested in the subject suggests that optimism about data sharing is high, concerns about a wide range of challenges are also high, and confidence in public institutions is tenuous. Responses also suggest that divisional management may be critical in implementing data sharing solutions. The pattern of responses suggests uncertainty consistent with low maturity in the field. We posit that data sharing among public institutions is part of a broader set of capabilities needed for public service innovation across institutions.
Investigating the Barriers that Women Face in Software Development Teams Focusing on the Context of Proprietary Software Ecosystems
Authors: do Outão Juliana Carvalho Silva , da Costa Luiz Alexandre Martins , dos Santos Rodrigo Pereira , Serebrenik Alexander 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the growing discussion and concern about the topic, gender diversity in the Exact Sciences and Technology still requires attention. It has been observed by several authors that gender diversity is not present in a significant way in development teams, despite the potential positive effects. Moreover, with the growing demand for software that meet complex business needs, the concept of Software Ecosystems (SECO) has emerged and opens opportunities for external developers and strategies for fostering gender diversity. A Proprietary Software Ecosystem (PSECO) is a type of SECO that comprises a common technological platform with contributions protected by intellectual property. This work aims to investigate which barriers women face in software development teams focusing on the context of PSECO and what strategies can be used to increase inclusion based on a multivocal literature review. To do so, 29 studies were selected and 13 gender barriers were identified, with the 3 most cited barriers being: sexism, lack of peer parity, and imposter syndrome. Furthermore, it was observed that external PSECO actors can significantly interfere in the occurrences of gender barriers, in addition to the internal actors of the central organization (keystone).
Business and Ethical Concerns in Domestic Conversational Generative AI-Empowered Multi-robot Systems
Authors: Rousi Rebekah , Samani Hooman , Mäkitalo Niko , Vakkuri Ville , Linkola Simo , Kemell Kai-Kristian , Daubaris Paulius , Fronza Ilenia , Mikkonen Tommi , Abrahamsson Pekka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBusiness and technology are intricately connected through logic and design. They are equally sensitive to societal changes and may be devastated by scandal. Cooperative multi-robot systems (MRSs) are on the rise, allowing robots of different types and brands to work together in diverse contexts. Generative artificial intelligence has been a dominant topic in recent artificial intelligence (AI) discussions due to its capacity to mimic humans through the use of natural language and the production of media, including deep fakes. In this article, we focus specifically on the conversational aspects of generative AI, and hence use the term Conversational Generative artificial intelligence (CGI). Like MRSs, CGIs have enormous potential for revolutionizing processes across sectors and transforming the way humans conduct business. From a business perspective, cooperative MRSs alone, with potential conflicts of interest, privacy practices, and safety concerns, require ethical examination. MRSs empowered by CGIs demand multi-dimensional and sophisticated methods to uncover imminent ethical pitfalls. This study focuses on ethics in CGI-empowered MRSs while reporting the stages of developing the MORUL model.
What Is the Cost of AI Ethics? Initial Conceptual Framework and Empirical Insights
Authors: Kemell Kai-Kristian , Vakkuri Ville 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAI ethics has become a common topic of discussion in both media and academic research. Companies are also increasingly interested in AI ethics, although there are still various challenges associated with bringing AI ethics into practice. Especially from a business point of view, AI ethics remains largely unexplored. The lack of established processes and practices for implementing AI ethics is an issue in this regard as well, as resource estimation is challenging if the process is fuzzy. In this paper, we begin tackling this issue by providing initial insights into the cost of AI ethics. Building on existing literature on software quality cost estimation, we draw parallels between the past state of quality in Software Engineering (SE) and the current state of AI ethics. Empirical examples are then utilized to showcase some elements of the cost of implementing AI ethics. While this paper provides an initial look into the cost of AI ethics and useful insights from comparisons to software quality, the practice of implementing AI ethics remains nascent, and, thus, a better empirical understanding of AI ethics is required going forward.
Are Business Expectations Aligned with the Development Plan Made by the Software Architecture Area? A Case Study on Agile Teams in a Large Company
Authors: da Silva Marcelo Augusto , Costa Inaldo Capistrano , Guerra Eduardo Martins 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the current scenario of digital transformation, understanding the interaction between the areas of business and software architecture is essential for delivering successful projects. This research aims to elucidate perceptions related to both domains, thus seeking a more efficient collaboration in the context of agile software development projects. Based on a qualitative research method, we conducted semi-structured interviews with product owners and software architects. The collected data were analyzed using Thematic Analysis to discover patterns and themes regarding the perceptions of the interviewed professionals. We found out that business areas often have a limited understanding of the technical complexities involved in software architecture, while software architects sometimes have no knowledge about business development plans. However, a continuous iteration process, supported by proper communication channels, could drive better project results. The study also revealed the potential for a proactive, integrated approach to architecture, focusing on continuous education and team alignment. Finally, bridging the knowledge gap and fostering collaboration between the two areas may lead to more efficient and effective software development processes. Future research perspectives could reveal strategies that would improve this collaboration or explore similar dynamics in different organizational contexts.
Experimentation in Early-Stage Video Game Startups: Practices and Challenges
Authors: Edison Henry , Melegati Jorge , Bjarnason Elizabeth 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExperimentation has been considered critical for successful software product and business development, including in video game startups. Video game startups need “wow” qualities that distinguish them from the competition. Thus, they need to continuously experiment to find these qualities before running out of time and resources. In this study, we aimed to explore how these companies perform experimentation. We interviewed four co-founders of video game startups. Our findings identify six practices, or scenarios, through which video game startups conduct experiments and challenges associated with these. The initial results could inform these startups about the possibilities and challenges and guide future research.
Research Streams of Barriers to Digital Transformation: Mapping Current State and Future Directions
Authors: Brink Henning , Paul Fynn-Hendrik , Packmohr Sven 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDigital Transformation (DT) strives to alter an entity by substantially changing its characteristics facilitated by integrating digital technologies. Albeit numerous barriers hinder the realization of its potential. Barriers are subject to scientific research. Generally, scientific works result in research streams. The existing literature already examines the DT streams. Although these works make an essential contribution, they cannot sufficiently explore the field of barriers. Keeping track of the concepts and themes in a growing research field is challenging. Therefore, the aims of this mapping study are (1) to show which domain-specific research streams are explicitly dealing with the DT barriers, (2) to highlight which topics research currently addresses, and (3) which topics should be investigated in the future. Combining elements of a bibliometric analysis with a systematic literature review, we mapped nine different streams based on 203 publications. The results indicate that much research focuses on industrial companies or sectors but needs an overarching perspective. Also, many studies are only concerned with identifying the barriers, while systematic approaches to overcoming them still need to be developed.
Neutrino amplitude decomposition, S matrix rephasing invariance, and reparametrization symmetry
Authors: Minakata Hisakazu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The S matrix rephasing invariance is one of the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics that originates in its probabilistic interpretation. For a given S matrix which describes neutrino oscillation, one can define the two different rephased amplitudes $$ {S}_{\alpha \beta}^{\textrm{Reph}-1}\equiv {e}^{i\left({\lambda}_1/2E\right)x}{S}_{\alpha \beta} $$

S
αβ

Reph
−
1

≡

e

i

λ
1

/
2
E

x

S
αβ

and $$ {S}_{\alpha \beta}^{\textrm{Reph}-2}\equiv {e}^{i\left({\lambda}_2/2E\right)x}{S}_{\alpha \beta} $$

S
αβ

Reph
−
2

≡

e

i

λ
2

/
2
E

x

S
αβ

, which are physically equivalent to each other, where λk/2E denotes the energy eigenvalue of the k-th mass eigenstate. We point out that the transformation of the reparametrization (Rep) symmetry obtained with “Symmetry Finder” maps $$ {S}_{\alpha \beta}^{\textrm{Reph}-1} $$

S
αβ

Reph
−
1

to $$ {S}_{\alpha \beta}^{\textrm{Reph}-2} $$

S
αβ

Reph
−
2

, and vice versa, providing a local and manifest realization of the S matrix rephasing invariance by the Rep symmetry of the 1–2 state exchange type. It is strongly indicative of quantum mechanical nature of the Rep symmetry. The rephasing and Rep symmetry relation, though its all-order treatment remains incomplete, is shown to imply absence of the pure 1–3 exchange symmetry in Denton et al. perturbation theory. It then triggers a study of convergence of perturbation series.
Effective 2HDM Yukawa interactions and a strong first-order electroweak phase transition
Authors: Anisha  , Azevedo Duarte , Biermann Lisa , Englert Christoph , Mühlleitner Margarete 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The top quark as the heaviest particle in the Standard Model (SM) defines an important mass scale for Higgs physics and the electroweak scale itself. It is therefore a well-motivated degree of freedom which could reveal the presence of new interactions beyond the SM. Correlating modifications of the top-Higgs interactions in the 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM), we analyse effective field theory deformations of these interactions from the point of view of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT). We show that such modifications are compatible with current Higgs data and that an SFOEWPT can be tantamount to a current overestimate of exotic Higgs searches’ sensitivity at the LHC in $$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

and four top quark final states. We argue that these searches remain robust from the point of accidental signal-background interference so that the current experimental strategy might well lead to 2HDM-like discoveries in the near future.
Dark Patterns: manipulative Designstrategien in digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen
Authors: Mildner Thomas , Savino Gian-Luca , Schöning Johannes , Malaka Rainer 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDigitale Gesundheitsanwendungen unterstützen Nutzer:innen unter anderem dabei, ihre physische und mentale Gesundheit durch digitale Daten besser zu verstehen, und fördern dadurch ein positives Gesundheitsverhalten. Neben den staatlich geprüften digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) und digitalen Pflegeanwendungen (DiPA) besteht durch eine Vielzahl weiterer kommerzieller Gesundheitsanwendungen ein breites Angebot für Nutzer:innen. Gerade bei nicht geprüften Angeboten werden von Entwickler:innen häufig, beabsichtigt oder unbeabsichtigt, manipulative Designstrategien (Dark Patterns) verwendet, die Nutzer:innen dazu verleiten, bestimmte Entscheidungen zu treffen. Dieser Artikel bietet einen Überblick über aktuelle und weitverbreitete Dark Patterns und ordnet ein, welche Risiken von ihnen in digitalen Gesundheitsanwendungen ausgehen können.Zukünftig sollte „Licht“ auf Dark Patterns geworfen werden, indem mehr Transparenz für Nutzer:innen geschaffen wird, Regulator:innen ein genaueres Verständnis von Dark Patterns erlangen und verstärkt auf die Umsetzung von Richtlinien geachtet wird. So können Nutzer:innen Autonomie im Umgang mit Gesundheitsanwendungen gewinnen und ihre Daten besser geschützt werden.