bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficial effect of temporary methotrexate interruption on B and T cell responses upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Martínez-Fleta Pedro , Vicente-Rabaneda Esther F. , Triguero-Martínez Ana , Roy-Vallejo Emilia , Uriarte-Ecenarro Miren , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Francisco , Quiroga-Colina Patricia , Romero-Robles Ana , Montes Nuria , García-Castañeda Noelia , Mejía-Abril Gina P. , García-Vadillo Jesús A. , Llorente-Cubas Irene , Villagrasa José R. , Serra López-Matencio José M. , Ancochea Julio , Urzainqui Ana , Esparcia-Pinedo Laura , Alfranca Arantzazu , de la Fuente Hortensia , García-Vicuña Rosario , Sánchez-Madrid Francisco , González-Álvaro Isidoro , Castañeda Santos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractB and T cell responses were evaluated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) after 1 or 2 weeks of methotrexate (MTX) withdrawal following each COVID-19 vaccine dose and compared with those who maintained MTX. Adult RA and PsA patients treated with MTX were recruited and randomly assigned to 3 groups: MTX-maintenance (n = 72), MTX-withdrawal for 1 week (n = 71) or MTX-withdrawal for 2 weeks (n = 73). Specific antibodies to several SARS-CoV-2 antigens and interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-21 responses were assessed. MTX withdrawal in patients without previous COVID-19 was associated with higher levels of anti-RBD IgG and neutralising antibodies, especially in the 2-week withdrawal group and with higher IFN-γ secretion upon stimulation with pools of SARS-CoV-2 S peptides. No increment of RA/PsA relapses was detected across groups. Our data indicate that two-week MTX interruption following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with RA or PsA improves humoral and cellular immune responses.
Temperature-humidity evolution and radon exhalation mechanism of red clay-bentonite covering layer in uranium mill tailings pond
Authors: Xie Chao , Lu Wenjun , Wang Hong , Wang Xiangshuai , Yu Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo ensure the safety and stability of the beach surface of the decommissioned uranium mill tailings pond, this paper uses red clay-bentonite and red clay (1:1) to carry out covering layer radon reduction simulation experiments to study the temperature, humidity, and radon reduction effect of the covering layer under natural conditions. The results show that the radon exhalation rate of red clay-bentonite cover layer is only 0.32 times that of red clay, which has a better radon reduction effect. The red clay-bentonite cover layer has better water retention and comparable heat preservation effect than red clay cover layer. The red clay-bentonite and red clay temperature curves follow the same evolution trend and were close together in the same outdoor conditions, and the humidity curves showed a difference of 1% to 3%. Soil temperature is the dominant factor affecting the variation of radon exhalation of red clay-bentonite and red clay covering layer with unsaturated water content.
Machine learning to identify chronic cough from administrative claims data
Authors: Bali Vishal , Turzhitsky Vladimir , Schelfhout Jonathan , Paudel Misti , Hulbert Erin , Peterson-Brandt Jesse , Hertzberg Jeffrey , Kelly Neal R. , Patel Raja H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccurate identification of patient populations is an essential component of clinical research, especially for medical conditions such as chronic cough that are inconsistently defined and diagnosed. We aimed to develop and compare machine learning models to identify chronic cough from medical and pharmacy claims data. In this retrospective observational study, we compared 3 machine learning algorithms based on XG Boost, logistic regression, and neural network approaches using a large claims and electronic health record database. Of the 327,423 patients who met the study criteria, 4,818 had chronic cough based on linked claims–electronic health record data. The XG Boost model showed the best performance, achieving a Receiver-Operator Characteristic Area Under the Curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.916. We selected a cutoff that favors a high positive predictive value (PPV) to minimize false positives, resulting in a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and negative predictive value of 18.0%, 99.6%, 38.7%, and 98.8%, respectively on the held-out testing set (n = 82,262). Logistic regression and neural network models achieved slightly lower ROC-AUCs of 0.907 and 0.838, respectively. The XG Boost and logistic regression models maintained their robust performance in subgroups of individuals with higher rates of chronic cough. Machine learning algorithms are one way of identifying conditions that are not coded in medical records, and can help identify individuals with chronic cough from claims data with a high degree of classification value.
Development of a quantitative NS1 antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Zika virus detection using a novel virus-specific mAb
Authors: Morales Stefanny Viloche , Coelho Gabriela Mattoso , Ricciardi-Jorge Taíssa , Dorl Gisiane Gruber , Zanluca Camila , Duarte dos Santos Claudia Nunes 
Published: January 2024

AbstractViruses from the Flaviviridae family, such as Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow fever virus (YFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) are notorious global public health problems. ZIKV emergence in Polynesia and the Americas from 2013 to 2016 raised concerns as new distinguishing features set it apart from previous outbreaks, including its association with neurological complications and heightened disease severity. Virus detection is impaired as cross-reactivity to other closely related orthoflaviviruses is common among commercially available diagnostic kits. While non-structural protein 1 (NS1) has been used as an early marker of DENV and West Nile virus (WNV) infection, little is known about NS1 expression during ZIKV infection. In the present work, we developed a NS1 capture ELISA using a novel ZIKV-specific monoclonal antibody to study NS1 expression dynamics in vitro in mosquito and human cell lines. While detectable in culture supernatants, higher concentrations of NS1 were predominantly cell-associated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of NS1 detection in human cells despite viral clearance over time. Tests with human samples need to be conducted to validate the applicability of NS1 detection for diagnosis, but overall, the tools developed in this work are promising for specific detection of acute ZIKV infection.
Degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in aqueous solution by dielectric barrier discharge plasma combined with Fe–RGO–BiVO4 nanocomposite
Authors: Vaziri Yaser , Asgari Ghorban , Ghorbani-Shahna Farshid , Madrakian Tayyebeh , Shokoohi Reza , Seid-Mohammadi Abdolmotaleb 
Published: January 2024

Abstract2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) as a priority and hazardous pollutant, is widely used in industrial and military activities. In this study the synergistic effect of Fe–RGO–BiVO4 nanocomposite in a non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor (NTP-DBD) for degrading 2,4-DNT was evaluated. Preparation of the Fe–RGO–BiVO4 nanocomposite was done by a stepwise chemical method depositing Fe and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on BiVO4. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping (EDS-mapping) validated the satisfactory synthesis of Fe–RGO–BiVO4. To find the optimal conditions and to determine the interaction of model parameters, a central composite design (RSM-CCD) had been employed. 2,4 DNT can be completely degraded at: initial 2,4-DNT concentration of 40 mg L−1, Fe–RGO–BiVO4 dosage of 0.75 g L−1, applied voltage of 21kV, reaction time of 30 min and pH equal to 7, while the single plasma process reached a degradation efficiency of 67%. The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) were 90.62% and 88.02% at 30 min contact time, respectively. Results also indicated that average oxidation state (AOS) and carbon oxidation state (COS) were enhanced in the catalytic NTP-DBD process, which demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed process for facilitating biodegradability of 2,4-DNT.
Glial cells react to closed head injury in a distinct and spatiotemporally orchestrated manner
Authors: Nespoli Ester , Hakani Marsela , Hein Tabea Melissa , May Stephanie Nadine , Danzer Karin , Wirth Thomas , Baumann Bernd , Dimou Leda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Acute neuroinflammation is a prominent reaction after TBI and is mostly initiated by brain-resident glial cells such as microglia, NG2-glia and astrocytes. The magnitude of this reaction paves the way for long-lasting consequences such as chronic neurological pathologies, for which therapeutic options remain limited. The neuroinflammatory response to TBI is mostly studied with craniotomy-based animal models that are very robust but also rather artificial. Here, we aimed to analyze the reaction of glial cells in a highly translational but variable closed head injury (CHI) model and were able to correlate the severity of the trauma to the degree of glial response. Furthermore, we could show that the different glial cell types react in a temporally and spatially orchestrated manner in terms of morphological changes, proliferation, and cell numbers in the first 15 days after the lesion. Interestingly, NG2-glia, the only proliferating cells in the healthy brain parenchyma, divided at a rate that was correlated with the size of the injury. Our findings describe the previously uncharacterized posttraumatic response of the major brain glial cell types in CHI in order to gain a detailed understanding of the course of neuroinflammatory events; such knowledge may open novel avenues for future therapeutic approaches in TBI.
The influence of fixation and cryopreservation of cerebrospinal fluid on antigen expression and cell percentages by flow cytometric analysis
Authors: Singh Gabriela , van Laarhoven Arjan , Adams Rozanne , Reid Timothy Dawson , Combrinck Jill , van Dorp Suzanne , Riou Catherine , Thango Nqobile , Enslin Johannes , Kruger Stefan , Figaji Anthony Aaron , Rohlwink Ursula Karin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe pauci-cellular nature of cerebrospinal (CSF), particularly ventricular CSF, and the rapid cell death following sampling, incumbers the use of flow cytometric analysis of these samples in the investigation of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. Developing a method that allows long-term storage and batched analysis of CSF samples without compromising cell integrity is highly desirable in clinical research, given that CSF is often sampled after hours creating logistical difficulties for fresh processing. We examined percentages and relative proportion of peripheral and brain-derived immune cells in cryopreserved and transfix-treated CSF, compared to freshly processed CSF. Cell proportions were more comparable between Fresh and Cryopreserved CSF (mean of differences = 3.19), than between fresh and transfix-treated CSF (mean of differences = 14.82). No significant differences in cell percentages were observed in fresh versus cryopreserved CSF; however significantly lower cell percentages were observed in transfix-treated CSF compared to Fresh CSF [(CD11b++ (p = 0.01), CD4+ (p = 0.001), CD8+ (p = 0.007), NK cells (p = 0.04), as well as CD69+ activation marker (p = 0.001)]. Furthermore, loss of marker expression of various lymphocyte sub-populations were observed in transfix-treated CSF. Cryopreservation is a feasible option for long-term storage of ventricular CSF and allows accurate immunophenotyping of peripheral and brain-derived cell populations by flow cytometry.
Radiometric characteristics of some metallic ores and nonmetallic deposits: an example, Wadi Al-Allaqi, South Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Gobashy Mohamed Mostafa , El-Sadek Mohamed A. , Mekkawi Mahmoud M. , Araffa Sultan Awad Sultan , Ezz Eldin Mohamed M. , Khalil Mohamed Hassan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHydrothermal alteration processes are connected to many mineral formations, particularly auriferous deposits. In this study, airborne gamma-ray spectrometry (GRS) data and the analysis of radioactive materials (eU, eTh, and K) are applied to search for regions with hydrothermal alteration activity. An example is presented from Wadi Al-Allaqi, South Eastern Desert, Egypt. GRS was used to analyse various radiometric data to address potential mineral deposit areas, to map regions potentially showing metallic ore mineralisation, and to point out new geological mineral resources. The Kd (potassium deviation), “F” parameter and Th-normalisation of the K and eU anomalies were calculated, and locating new exploratory targets in the study area that exhibit high F-parameter, Kd, and K/eTh values was recommended. Additionally, the research region has a few isolated enriched spots of (K). Therefore, GRS data was used to characterise and estimate potential metallic ores, nonmetallic deposits, and gold ore zones associated with the alteration zones. Results show that most of the known mineral deposits and gold occurrences in the area, according to the metallogenic map of Egypt, are located in zones with a ratio value of (0.25–0.30) (K%/(U or Th ppm)) maps which may suggest a moderate degree of alteration. Also, most mineral deposits and gold occurrences are found in intermediate altered zones, or K-enriched sites, with a Kd% of (0.2. The work represents an attempt to map hydrothermal alteration zones associated with mineral deposits in the Wadi Al-Allaqi area. Generally, natural radiation characteristics and attributes suggest criteria that can be used globally for regional mineral exploration.
Knowledge and practice towards intravenous fluid therapy in children among nurses in the pediatrics emergency department of selected public hospitals
Authors: Tolera Garoma Gemechu , Kasaye Birhanu Melaku , Abicho Temesgen Beyene 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMorbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients can be increased due to errors that are caused by inadequate knowledge and unsatisfactory practice of intravenous (IV) fluid therapy among healthcare workers. The knowledge and practice of nurses are very critical to IV fluid therapy because they are the cornerstone of a subject. This study assessed nurse's knowledge and practice of IV fluid therapy. A cross-sectional study design was employed at four selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 112 nurses using a structured questionnaire for knowledge and using an observational checklist for practice. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 computer programs. Most respondents (67%) were males; the mean age of respondents was 31.2 ± 4.3. Among participated nurses, 42% (95% CI 32.8, 51.2) and 56.3% (95% CI 47.1, 65.6) had inadequate knowledge and satisfactory practice regarding IV fluid therapy in children, respectively. A significant association was observed between nurses' intravenous fluid therapy knowledge and in-service training that nurses who had training on fluid therapy in children had 4 times adequate knowledge than those who had no training (P = 0.01), an educational qualification that master degree holders had 4.8 times adequate knowledge than first-degree holders (P = 0.04) and training institution that nurse who had taken training in governmental teaching institution had 4 times adequate knowledge than who had taken training in private teaching institution (P = 0.011). No statistically significant association was found between practice level and independent variables regarding IV fluid therapy. Nurses’ knowledge of IV fluid therapy was inadequate and practice was relatively satisfactory. Continuous education and training of nurses on IV fluid therapy should be conducted regularly to improve their knowledge and practice. Further research should be employed involving other hospitals and focusing on risk factors for knowledge and practice inadequacy that are not discussed in this study.
Dopaminergic neuron loss in mice due to increased levels of wild-type human α-Synuclein only takes place under conditions of accelerated aging
Authors: Perez-Villalba Ana , Sirerol-Piquer María Salomé , Soriano-Cantón Raúl , Folgado Virginia , Pérez-Cañamás Azucena , Kirstein Martina , Fariñas Isabel , Pérez-Sánchez Francisco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the intricate pathogenic mechanisms behind Parkinson's disease (PD) and its multifactorial nature presents a significant challenge in disease modeling. To address this, we explore genetic models that better capture the disease's complexity. Given that aging is the primary risk factor for PD, this study investigates the impact of aging in conjunction with overexpression of wild-type human α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the dopaminergic system. This is achieved by introducing a novel transgenic mouse strain overexpressing α-Syn under the TH-promoter within the senescence-accelerated SAMP8 (P8) genetic background. Behavioral assessments, conducted at both 10 and 16 months of age, unveil motor impairments exclusive to P8 α-SynTg mice, a phenomenon conspicuously absent in α-SynTg mice. These findings suggest a synergistic interplay between heightened α-Syn levels and the aging process, resulting in motor deficits. These motor disturbances correlate with reduced dopamine (DA) levels, increased DA turnover, synaptic terminal loss, and notably, the depletion of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus. Furthermore, P8 α-SynTg mice exhibit alterations in gut transit time, mirroring early PD symptoms. In summary, P8 α-SynTg mice effectively replicate parkinsonian phenotypes by combining α-Syn transgene expression with accelerated aging. This model offers valuable insights into the understanding of PD and serves as a valuable platform for further research.
Multi-omics analysis reveals NNMT as a master metabolic regulator of metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Qi , Chen Haiming , Yin Dandan , Wang Jie , Wang Shaodong , Yang Feng , Li Jiawei , Mu Teng , Li Jilun , Zhao Jia , Yin Rong , Li Wei , Qiu Mantang , Zhang Erbao , Li Xiangnan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetabolic reprogramming has been observed in cancer metastasis, whereas metabolic changes required for malignant cells during lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still poorly understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of paired ESCC tumor tissues and lymph nodes to uncover the reprogramming of tumor microenvironment (TME) and metabolic pathways. By integrating analyses of scRNA-seq data with metabolomics of ESCC tumor tissues and plasma samples, we found nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism pathway was dysregulated in ESCC patients with lymph node metastasis (LN+), exhibiting as significantly increased 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA) in both tumors and plasma. Further data indicated high expression of N-methyltransferase (NNMT), which converts active methyl groups from the universal methyl donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), to stable MNA, contributed to the increased MNA in LN+ ESCC. NNMT promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis of ESCC in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting E-cadherin expression. Mechanically, high NNMT expression consumed too much active methyl group and decreased H3K4me3 modification at E-cadherin promoter and inhibited m6A modification of E-cadherin mRNA, therefore inhibiting E-cadherin expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Finally, a detection method of lymph node metastasis was build based on the dysregulated metabolites, which showed good performance among ESCC patients. For lymph node metastasis of ESCC, this work supports NNMT is a master regulator of the cross-talk between cellular metabolism and epigenetic modifications, which may be a therapeutic target.
New regulatory thinking is needed for AI-based personalised drug and cell therapies in precision oncology
Authors: Derraz Bouchra , Breda Gabriele , Kaempf Christoph , Baenke Franziska , Cotte Fabienne , Reiche Kristin , Köhl Ulrike , Kather Jakob Nikolas , Eskenazy Deborah , Gilbert Stephen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUntil recently the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in precision oncology was confined to activities in drug development and had limited impact on the personalisation of therapy. Now, a number of approaches have been proposed for the personalisation of drug and cell therapies with AI applied to therapy design, planning and delivery at the patient’s bedside. Some drug and cell-based therapies are already tuneable to the individual to optimise efficacy, to reduce toxicity, to adapt the dosing regime, to design combination therapy approaches and, preclinically, even to personalise the receptor design of cell therapies. Developments in AI-based healthcare are accelerating through the adoption of foundation models, and generalist medical AI models have been proposed. The application of these approaches in therapy design is already being explored and realistic short-term advances include the application to the personalised design and delivery of drugs and cell therapies. With this pace of development, the limiting step to adoption will likely be the capacity and appropriateness of regulatory frameworks. This article explores emerging concepts and new ideas for the regulation of AI-enabled personalised cancer therapies in the context of existing and in development governance frameworks.
Microbial phosphorus recycling in soil by intra- and extracellular mechanisms
Authors: Chen Jie , Xu Han , Seven Jasmin , Zilla Thomas , Dippold Michaela A , Kuzyakov Yakov 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Rising global stoichiometric imbalance between increasing nitrogen (N) availability and depleting phosphorus (P) resources increases the importance of soil microbial P recycling. The contribution of extra- versus intracellular P (re-)cycling depending on ecosystem nutrient status is vastly unclear, making soil microorganisms a blind spot in our understanding of ecosystem responses to increasing P deficiency. We quantified P incorporation into microbial DNA and phospholipids by 33P labeling under contrasting conditions: low/high P soil × low/high carbon (C)NP application. By combining 33P and 14C labeling with tracing of microbial community biomarkers and functional genes, we disengaged the role of DNA and phospholipids in soil P cycling. Microorganisms in low P soil preferentially allocated P to phospholipids with an acceleration of phospholipids metabolism driven by C addition, which was strongly related to high abundances of microbial community members (e.g. some G-) with a fast phospholipids turnover. In high P soil, however, more P was allocated to DNA with a microbial functional shift towards DNA synthesis to support a replicative growth when sufficient C was supplied, which was coupled with a strong enrichment of fungal copiotrophs and microbial genes coding DNA primase. Consequently, adaptation to low P availability accelerated microbial intracellular P recycling through reutilization of the P stored in phospholipids. However, microorganisms under high P availability commonly adopted extracellular P recycling with release and reuse of DNA P by microbial death-growth dynamics. These results advance our understanding on microbial adaptation to P deficiency in soil by regulating component-specific P pathways and reflect the specific functions of phospholipids and DNA for P recycling.