bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical Aspects of Cross-Border Cooperation Between Nordic and Soviet Experts in Reindeer Husbandry
Authors: Mathiesen Svein Disch , Aikio Pekka , Degteva Anna , Romanenko Tatyana , Tonkopeeva Marina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNordic experts on Sámi reindeer husbandry cooperated with the reindeer husbandry experts from the Soviet Union, exchanging knowledge, experiences, and insights from 1957 until 1974. The Soviet Union had been collectivizing Indigenous reindeer herders’ property since the 1930s, using results from experimental research and collectivization as a method to increase the rationalization and efficiency of reindeer meat production. The Soviet reindeer husbandry expert professor Andreev first visited Finland in 1957, starting cooperation that would last for years. In 1960, after the Sámi leader from Røros Anders Fjellheim visited the USSR, he articulated that “the Russians are far ahead of us in the practice of reindeer herding. The reindeer herding industry receives more support than us.” Later, after another Norwegian delegation visited the Nenets National District in 1965, the local newspaper Naryana Vynder reported: “Everything looked new and significant for Norwegians: our planned economy, accounting principles, and the new system of organizing herding.” Expert Sven Skjenneberg from Norway said in an interview with this newspaper: “Reindeer herding is no longer romance, but the economy; and we are striving to study your best practices and learn your lessons, for we share common problems, and you are solving them quite successfully.” Later in 1968, Soviet experts documented the views of their Norwegian colleagues who stated that “it is not easy to teach the former Sámi nomads to use houses and property correctly, to transit to a sedentary way of life”…“Norway began making a lot of efforts…to thoroughly understand the herd structure in Norwegian reindeer herding, which is developing chaotically now.” After this cross-border cooperation, Sámi reindeer husbandry in Finland and Norway was reformed to increase the efficiency of meat production. This chapter argues that neither the Norwegian nor the Finnish experts had insights into the Indigenous knowledge and practices of the reindeer herders in the Soviet Union to understand the limitation of reforms that affected the Sámi reindeer herders’ practices and society.
Reindeer Herding in Norway: Cyclicality and Permanent Change vs. Governmental Rigidities
Authors: Reinert Erik S. , Oskal Anders 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReindeer herding is a complex, highly mobile, and environmentally adaptive form of livestock management, and a traditional way of life, practiced by indigenous peoples across the circumpolar Arctic. Given its distinctive characteristics, appropriate economic governance and regulation of the practice demands a clear understanding of its social, cultural, and environmental characteristics. In the following, we outline some of these and discuss their implications for economic management of the practice, with reference to the case of Norway in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. In closing, we identify some key current threats and challenges that confront reindeer herding and present some suggestions for enhancing its economic viability and resilience, based on a strategy of revitalizing core economic and social mechanisms.
Kindliche Bedürfnisse nach körperlicher Versorgung und Nähe als Anlass der Thematisierung von sexueller Gewalt in Institutionen: „wo der kinderarzt dann auch sagt, ja sie sollen sogar den, (.) penis eincremen“
Authors: Wittfeld Meike 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungAlle Teams der Untersuchung legen in ihren Erzählungen einen Schwerpunkt auf Berichte und Erzählungen aus ihrem Handlungsalltag. In Bezug auf die Kinder und Jugendlichen ist die körperliche Versorgung der erste Anlass, also die pure Tatsache, dass die pädagogischen Fachkräfte mit der Unterbringung in der Wohngruppe die Aufgabe übernehmen, für die Körper der Kinder zu sorgen. Auf die Herausforderungen, die die Übernahme dieser elterlichen Aufgabe mit sich bringt, geht das Abschnitt 10.1 ein. Im zweiten Teil dieses Kapitels (10.2) wird das Bedürfnis der Kinder und Jugendlichen nach emotional engen Beziehungen beschrieben.
Inventur
Authors: Wittfeld Meike 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Forschungsinteresse dieser Dissertation wurde geweckt durch den 2010 begonnen, neuen Diskurs um sexuelle Gewalt in pädagogischen Institutionen. Angesichts zunehmender Kritik an institutionellen Konstellationen und der Infragestellung von pädagogischer Fachlichkeit durch die Medien stellte sich die Frage, vor welchen Herausforderungen pädagogische Fachkräfte in der Heimerziehung angesichts des neuen, öffentlichen Diskurses über sexuelle Gewalt gegen Schutzbefohlene stehen. Am Schluss der Analyse gilt es nun, eine Inventur durchzuführen. Welche zentralen Ergebnisse lassen sich für diese Studie identifizieren und wie kann die Forschungsfrage beantwortet werden? Das ist Ziel des ersten Teils dieses Kapitels (vgl. 13.1).
Weiter fragt dieses letzte Kapitel nach der Relevanz der Ergebnisse in Bezug auf den einleitend umfassend dargestellten Forschungsstand. Wo sind die Ergebnisse anschlussfähig? Wo stellen sie Fragen an vorherige theoretische und empirische Erkenntnisse? Und wo bleiben auch Fragen offen? (vgl. 13.2).
Probing supersymmetric black holes with surface defects
Authors: Chen Yiming , Heydeman Matthew , Wang Yifan , Zhang Mengyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
It has long been conjectured that the large N deconfinement phase transition of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SU(N) super-Yang-Mills corresponds via AdS/CFT to the Hawking-Page transition in which black holes dominate the thermal ensemble, and quantitative evidence of this has come through the recent matching of the superconformal index of $$ \frac{1}{16} $$

1
16

-BPS states to the supersymmetric black hole entropy. We introduce the half-BPS Gukov-Witten surface defect as a probe of the superconformal index, which also serves as an order parameter for the deconfinement transition. This can be studied directly in field theory as a modification of the usual unitary matrix model or in the dual description as a D3-brane probe in the background of a (complex) supersymmetric black hole. Using a saddle point approximation, we determine our defect index in the large N limit as a simple function of the chemical potentials and show independently that it is reproduced by the renormalized action of the brane in the black hole background. Along the way, we also comment on the Cardy limit and the thermodynamics of the D3-brane in the generalized ensemble. The defect index sharply distinguishes between the confining and the deconfining phases of the gauge theory and thus is a supersymmetric non-perturbative order parameter for these large N phase transitions which deserves further investigation. Finally, our work provides an example where the properties of a black hole coupled to an external system can be analyzed precisely.
Renormalization group equations for the SMEFT operators up to dimension seven
Authors: Zhang Di 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a Green’s basis and also a new physical basis for dimension-seven (dim-7) operators, which are suitable for the matching of ultraviolet models onto the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) and the deviation of renormalization group equations (RGEs) for dim-7 operators in the SMEFT. The reduction relations to convert operators in the Green’s basis to those in the physical basis are achieved as well, where some redundant dim-6 operators in the Green’s basis are involved if the dim-5 operator exists. Working in these two bases for dim-7 operators and with the help of the reduction relations, we work out the one-loop RGEs resulting from the mixing among different dimensional operators for the dim-5 and dim-7 operators up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(Λ−3) in the SMEFT. These new results complete the previous results for RGEs of the dim-5 and dim-7 operators and hence can be used for a consistent one-loop analysis of the SMEFT at $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(Λ−3).
Probing the electroweak symmetry breaking history with gravitational waves
Authors: Zhao Zizhuo , Di Yuefeng , Bian Ligong , Cai Rong-Gen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We perform three dimensional lattice simulation of the electroweak symmetry breaking process through two-step vacuum-like phase transitions with one step being first-order. Our results show that: 1) when the electroweak symmetry breaking is driven by the beyond Standard Model theories through the Higgs-portal, the gravitational wave spectra produced from the phase transitions are of broken power-law shape; 2) when the electroweak symmetry breaking is induced by a first-order phase transition of a high-scale theory respecting the global U(1) symmetry, cosmic strings can form and then decay through particle radiation. The two scenarios can be distinguished through probing the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds. Our study suggests that the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds provide an alternative way to probe the beyond Standard Model theories relevant to the electroweak symmetry breaking in the early Universe.
On the causality paradox and the Karch-Randall braneworld as an EFT
Authors: Neuenfeld Dominik , Srivastava Manu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Holography on cutoff surfaces can appear to be in tension with causality. For example, as argued by Omiya and Wei [1], double holography seemingly allows for superluminal signalling. In this paper we argue that the brane description of double holography should be treated as an effective theory and demonstrate that causality violations due to faster-than-light communication are not visible above the associated cutoff length scale. This suggests that end-of-the-world brane models are consistent with causality and that the apparent superluminal signalling is a UV effect. Moreover, we argue that short distance non-localities generically give rise to apparent faster-than-light propagation of signals in Anti-de Sitter space.Nonetheless, superluminal signalling indicates that the causal structure on holographic cutoff surfaces needs to be modified. We propose and study three different candidate regions that might replace the domain of dependence in the brane EFT of the Karch-Randall model. These regions are defined by unitarity on the brane, through bulk entanglement wedges and through the nice slice criterion, respectively. In all dimensions, these candidate regions exclude those parts of the domain of dependence which are affected by superluminal signalling. While all three definitions agree in two dimensions, they are different in higher dimensions.
Successful implementation of online educational lectures of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO)
Authors: Büttner Marcel , Melton Philip , Fietkau Rainer , Petersen Cordula , Krause Mechthild , Borgmann Kerstin , Wolf Ulrich , Niyazi Maximilian , Christiansen Hans , Höller Ulrike , Schmitt Daniela , Käsmann Lukas , Linde Philipp , Fleischmann Daniel F. , Ziegler Sonia , Bresch Angelique , Mäurer Matthias 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeModern digital teaching formats have become increasingly important in recent years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In January 2021, an online-based webinar series was established by the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) and the young DEGRO (yDEGRO) working group. In the monthly 120-minute courses, selected lecturers teach curricular content as preparation for the board certification exam for radiation oncology.MethodsThe evaluation of the 24 courses between 01.2021 and 12.2022 was performed using a standardized questionnaire with 21 items (recording epidemiological characteristics of the participants, didactic quality, content quality). A Likert scale (1–4) was used in combination with binary and open-ended questions.ResultsA combined total of 4200 individuals (1952 in 2021 and 2248 in 2022) registered for the courses, and out of those, 934 participants (455 in 2021 and 479 in 2022) later provided evaluations for the respective courses (36% residents, 35% specialists, 21% medical technicians for radiology [MTR], 8% medical physics experts [MPE]). After 2 years, 74% of the DEGRO Academy curriculum topics were covered by the monthly webinars. The overall rating by participants was positive (mean 2021: 1.33 and 2022: 1.25) and exceeded the curriculum offered at each site for 70% of participants. Case-based learning was identified as a particularly well-rated method.ConclusionThe DEGRO webinar expands the digital teaching opportunities in radiation oncology. The consistently high number of participants confirms the need for high-quality teaching and underlines the advantages of e‑learning methods. Optimization opportunities were identified through reevaluation of feedback from course participants. In its design as a teaching format for a multiprofessional audience, the webinar series could be used as a practice model of online teaching for other disciplines.
Einsatz der kontrastmittelverstärkten Mammographie in der Brustkrebsdiagnostik
Authors: Fischer Uwe , Diekmann Felix , Helbich Thomas , Preibsch Heike , Püsken Michael , Wenkel Evelyn , Wienbeck Susanne , Fallenberg Eva Maria 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die kontrastmittelverstärkte Mammographie (CEM) ist ein Untersuchungsverfahren, das nach peripher-venöser Applikation eines iodhaltigen Kontrastmittels (iKM) die verbesserte Darstellung intramammärer Tumoren ermöglicht.

Fragestellung und Methode
Die Autor:innen diskutieren den aktuellen Stellenwert der CEM.

Ergebnisse
In Studien konnten für die CEM Vorteile bei der Brustkrebsdiagnostik gegenüber der Mammographie insbesondere bei Frauen mit sehr dichtem Drüsengewebe gezeigt werden. Das Indikationsspektrum zur CEM kann gegenwärtig in Abhängigkeit davon gesehen werden, ob eine qualitätsgesicherte Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) der Mamma zur Verfügung steht oder nicht. Mit Option auf eine qualitätsgesicherte Mamma-MRT reduzieren sich die Indikationen für eine CEM auf Konstellationen, in denen die MRT nicht einsetzbar ist. Für das Brustkrebs-Screening wird der Einsatz der CEM gegenwärtig kritisch gesehen. Dies kann sich ändern, wenn in Kürze Ergebnisse und aktualisierte Bewertungen umfangreicher CEM-Studien in Europa und USA vorliegen. Patientinnen sind über die iKM-Gabe aufzuklären. Da die iKM-Gabe bei der CEM in ähnlicher Art und Weise erfolgt wie bei anderen etablierten Bildgebungsverfahren, ist aus Sicht der Autoren davon auszugehen, dass die Verwendung der iKM für die CEM unter Berücksichtigung der allgemeinen Kontraindikationen unproblematisch ist.

Schlussfolgerung
Künftig könnte der CEM in der Brustkrebsdiagnostik eine größere Bedeutung zukommen, da dieses Verfahren diagnostische Vorteile gegenüber der konventionellen Mammographie aufweist. Als Vorteil der CEM gilt die hohe Verfügbarkeit. Für MR-Nutzer füllt die CEM schon jetzt bestehende Lücken bei Vorliegen von Kontraindikationen oder Nichtdurchführbarkeit der MRT aus anderen Gründen.
Registerdaten zur zementierten Endoprothetik
Authors: Humez Martina , Kötter Katharina , Skripitz Ralf , Kühn Klaus-Dieter 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In der Endoprothetik gibt es Hüft- und Knieimplantate, die zementfrei, „press-fit“ oder mit Knochenzement verankert werden. Real-World-Evidenz aus Endoprothesenregistern sowie Studien bieten eine breite Datenbasis zur Diskussion von zementierten im Vergleich zu zementfreien Endoprothesen.

Fragestellung
Wie lautet die Empfehlung zur zementierten oder zementfreien Verankerung von Hüft- und Knieimplantaten, basierend auf der aktuellen Evidenzlage internationaler Endoprothesenregister und Metaanalysen?

Material und Methode
Mittels des direkten Vergleichs von Daten aus den Endoprothesenregistern acht verschiedener Länder (USA, Deutschland, Australien, UK, Schweden, Norwegen, Neuseeland, Niederlande), dem Vergleich von 22 Review-Studien und Metaanalysen basierend auf Registerdaten, sowie der Auswertung der Empfehlung von Gesundheitssystemen unterschiedlicher Nationen wird eine Empfehlung generiert. Dazu wurden Reviews und Metaanalysen ausgewählt, deren Ergebnisse statistisch signifikant sind, ebenso wie die zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung des Artikels aktuellen Jahresberichte der Endoprothesenregister.

Ergebnisse
Für Knieendoprothesen kann eine lange Überlebensdauer sowie ein geringeres Revisionsrisiko mithilfe einer zementierten Verankerung mit antibiotikabeladenem Knochenzement erreicht werden. Bei Patienten ab einem Alter von 70 Jahren reduziert eine zementierte Verankerung des Hüftschaftimplantats das Risiko einer intra- oder postoperativen periprothetischen Fraktur um das Vierfache, dies gilt sowohl für elektive Hüfttotalendoprothesen (Hüft-TEP), als auch für Hemiendoprothesen nach Schenkelhalsfrakturen. Ein antibiotikabeladener Knochenzement reduziert signifikant (p = 0,041) das Risiko für das Auftreten einer periprothetischen Infektion, insbesondere bei Patienten mit Schenkelhalsfrakturen.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die mit antibiotikabeladenem Knochenzement versorgte Knieendoprothese ist in Deutschland etabliert und wird durch die Evidenzlage bestätigt. Registerdaten und Metaanalysen empfehlen eine zementierte Verankerung des Hüftschaftimplantats beim älteren Patienten – hier sollte die Praxis in Deutschland der aktuellen Evidenz folgen.
Buckling optimization of additively manufactured cellular structures using numerical homogenization based on beam models
Authors: Hübner Daniel , Herrnböck Ludwig , Wein Fabian , Mergheim Julia , Steinmann Paul , Stingl Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInterest in components with detailed structures increased with the progress in advanced manufacturing techniques. Parts with lattice elements can provide improved global buckling stability compared to solid structures of the same weight. However, thin features are prone to local buckling. We present a two-scale optimization approach that simultaneously improves the local and global stability of parametrized graded lattice structures. Elastic properties and local buckling behavior are upscaled via homogenization based on geometric exact beam theory. To reduce computational effort, we construct a worst-case model for the homogenized buckling load factor, which acts as a safeguard against local buckling. We briefly discuss advantages and limitations by means of numerical examples.
Parental physical disease severity and severe documented physical child abuse: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Græsholt-Knudsen Troels , Rask Charlotte Ulrikka , Lucas Steven , Obel Carsten , Bech Bodil Hammer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSuccessful prevention of physical child abuse is dependent on improvements in risk assessment. The risk of abuse is assumed to increase when family stressors overcome resources. Severe physical disease can increase stress, and parental physical disease has been studied as a risk factor for physical child abuse, but with heterogeneous definitions. This study evaluated the relation between parental physical disease severity and severe documented physical child abuse. Models were based on data on children aged 0–17 years in Denmark between 1997 and 2018, and their parents. Severe documented physical child abuse was modeled as violence against a child registered by either health authorities in treatment or mortality registries, or police authorities in cases confirmed by the courts. Parental physical disease severity was modeled as the sum of Charlson Comorbidity Index scores for the child’s parents. The causal connection was examined in two model types: a survival model comparing exposed with non-exposed children, adjusted for covariates at baseline, and a G-model, taking time-varying covariates, including income and parental psychiatric disease into account. Neither model showed an association between parental physical disease severity and severe documented physical child abuse, with RR 0.99 and 95% CI (0.93–1.05) for the survival model and RR 1.08 for the G-model (CI not calculated). Conclusion: In the model studied, parental physical disease severity was not a risk factor for severe documented physical child abuse. Individual categories of physical disease remain to be examined. Trial registration: The study was pre-registered on Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/fh2sr.

What is Known:• Parental physical disease severity has been studied previously as a risk indicator of physical child abuse, but based on heterogeneous definitions.• Previous studies have not studied parental physical disease severity preceding physical child abuse.

What is New:• Parental severe physical disease was not prospectively associated with severe documented physical child abuse in a survival model, a G-model and a number of sensitivity analyses, respectively.• Results should be replicated in samples from populations without universal health care, and using different categories of disease.
Physical exercise in patients with testicular cancer treated with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy: pulmonary and vascular endothelial function—an exploratory analysis
Authors: van der Schoot Gabriela G. F. , Ormel Harm L. , Westerink Nico-Derk L. , Wempe Johan B. , Lefrandt Joop D. , May Anne M. , Vrieling Aline H. , Meijer Coby , Gietema Jourik A. , Walenkamp Annemiek M. E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin combination chemotherapy (BEP) improves the survival of patients with testicular cancer, but is associated with potentially life-threatening toxicities like pneumonitis and thromboembolic events. This study explored the effects of physical exercise in patients with testicular cancer during or after BEP-chemotherapy on pulmonary and vascular endothelial toxicity.

Methods
In this post hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial (NCT01642680), patients with metastatic testicular cancer scheduled to receive BEP-chemotherapy were randomized to a 24-week exercise intervention, initiated during (group A) or after BEP-chemotherapy (group B). Endpoints were pulmonary function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), lung transfer-coefficient and transfer factor for carbon monoxide (KCO, DLCO) and markers of vascular endothelial dysfunction (von Willebrand factor (vWF) and factor VIII).

Results
Thirty patients were included. Post-chemotherapy, patients declined less in FVC, FEV1 and DLCO in group A compared to group B. Post-chemotherapy, vWF and factor VIII were significantly lower in group A compared to group B. After completion of exercise, started either during BEP-chemotherapy or thereafter, no between-group differences were found. At 1-year post-intervention, significant between-group differences were found in favour of group A in DLCO and KCO.

Conclusions
Patients who exercised during BEP-chemotherapy better preserved FVC, FEV1 and DLCO, measured directly post-chemotherapy and 1-year post-intervention (DLCO, KCO). This coincided with less increase in vWF and factor VIII measured directly post-chemotherapy. These data support a beneficial role of a physical exercise intervention during BEP-chemotherapy on pulmonary and vascular damage in patients with testicular cancer.

Trial registry
Optimal Timing of Physical Activity in Cancer Treatment (ACT) Registry URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01642680. Trial registration number: NCT01642680.