bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing magnetic and superhydrophobic cellulose nanofibers based‐aerogel for efficient oil water separation
Authors: Shi Lihao , Yu Wenjun , Wang Enfu , Han Weisheng , Miao Yu , Liang Yipeng , Chen Yifan , Zhang Wenbiao , Zhang Ran , Huang Jingda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, we used cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as the skeleton, Fe3O4@ZnO composite particles as magnetic synergist particles, 3‐(2‐aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane (AS) and trimethoxy(octyl)silane (OTMS) as water‐based hydrophobic modifiers to prepare magnetic and superhydrophobic cellulose nanofibers based‐aerogel with low density and intricate three‐dimensional structure. Fe3O4@ZnO confers magnetic properties (3.82 emu/g) and exceptional thermal stability (water contact angle of 150.1° at 200 °C) to the system, while the combination with OTMS/AS endows the system superhydrophobic (157.5°) and excellent mechanical properties (stress of 96.95 kPa at 80% strain). It is worth noting that in the process of modifying the system with OTMS/AS, no organic solvents and acidic substances are used in the solution. Benefiting from their synergies, the system demonstrates a notable oil absorption capacity (12.31–41.91 g/g) and outstanding oil selectivity (exceeding 90%), driven by gravity alone. Interestingly, this system, marked by its cost‐effectiveness, simplicity, eco‐friendliness, and heightened efficiency, holds promising prospects for diverse applications in different oil–water separation behavior and purifying industrial oil wastewater, as well as oil flooding incidents.
Synthesis, Characteritation, Optoelectronic Properties and DFT Studies of Novel 4,5‐Diarylpyrazole‐1‐Carboxylates
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Bains Omkar , Langyan Ritu , Kumar Ravinder , Kumar Vipin , Chetti Prabhakar , Kamal Raj 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present work, a well organised pathway for the eco‐friendly synthesis of a series of 4,5‐diarylpyrazole‐1‐carboxylates has been reported. The resulted compounds were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques (IR, 1H‐NMR & 13C‐NMR and HRMS). To shed light on various properties of interests, density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to optimize the ground state geometry of synthesized pyrazoles. Time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) was used to investigate the impact of various functionals on the absorption wavelength i.e., B3LYP, M062X, BHandHLYP, B3P86, CAM‐B3LYP, and PBE0. Among all these functional, CAM‐B3LYP and BHandHLYP were in good consent with the experimental results. With an aim to enhance the optoelectronic properties, 10 new derivatives were designed by varying the various substituents on the aryl ring. Among all these synthesized pyrazole molecule, Methyl 4‐(4‐Methoxyphenyl)‐5‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carboxylate 3a and Methyl 4‐(4‐Methoxyphenyl)‐5‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carboxylate 3b exhibited better optoelectronic properties with HOMO‐LUMO gap of 3.38 eV. To the best of our knowledge, the studies of photophysical properties of these 1,4,5‐trisubstituted pyrazoles for optoelectronic uses has been reported first time by our research group.
Bio‐Inspired Superhydrophilic Self‐Assembled Coronavirus‐Like Pt‐WC/CNT for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Chen Zhaoyang , Li Lingtong , Chu Youqun , Zhao Fengming , Zhu Yinghong , Tong Shaoping , Zheng Huajun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach to enhance the catalytic activity of composite materials by promoting active surface exposure and improving hydrogen transfer performance. Through a self‐assembly route involving tailored gas‐solid and galvanic replacement reactions, Pt‐WC/CNT catalysts with superhydrophilicity and coronavirus‐like structure are synthesized. These unique structural features contribute to a remarkable enhancement in the electrocatalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Notably, the Pt‐WC/CNT catalyst exhibits an outstanding intrinsic activity and efficient bubble transfer properties, leading to a high turnover frequency of 34.97 H2·s−1 at an overpotential of 100 mV. This value is 4.8 times higher than that achieved by commercial Pt/C catalysts (7.30 H2·s−1), establishing Pt‐WC/CNT as one of the most active catalysts reported to date. Moreover, the combination of gas‐solid and galvanic replacement reactions in the synthesis process offers a scalable route for the production of Pt‐loading controllable composite catalysts, thus challenging the dominance of commercial Pt/C catalysts.
Superspreading‐Based Fabrication of Thermostable Nanoporous Polyimide Membranes for High Safety Separators of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Huang Xinxu , Cheng Sha , Huang Cheng , Han Jin , Li Mengying , Liu Shaopeng , Zhang Jisong , Zhang Pengchao , You Ya , Chen Wen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development of thermally stable separators is a promising approach to address the safety issues of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to the serious shrinkage of commercial polyolefin separators at elevated temperatures. However, achieving controlled nanopores with a uniform size distribution in thermostable polymeric separators and high electrochemical performance is still a great challenge. In this study, nanoporous polyimide (PI) membranes with excellent thermal stability as high‐safety separators is developed for LIBs using a superspreading strategy. The superspreading of polyamic acid solutions enables the generation of thin and uniform liquid layers, facilitating the formation of thin PI membranes with controllable and uniform nanopores with narrow size distribution ranging from 121 ± 5 nm to 86 ± 6 nm. Such nanoporous PI membranes display excellent structural stability at elevated temperatures up to 300 °C for at least 1 h. LIBs assembled with nanoporous PI membranes as separators show high specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency and can work normally after transient treatment at a high temperature (150 °C for 20 min) and high ambient temperature, indicating their promising application as high‐safety separators for rechargeable batteries.
Privacy‐preserving task offloading in mobile edge computing: A deep reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Xia Fanglue , Chen Ying , Huang Jiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs machine learning (ML) technologies continue to evolve, there is an increasing demand for data. Mobile crowd sensing (MCS) can motivate more users in the data collection process through reasonable compensation, which can enrich the data scale and coverage. However, nowadays, users are increasingly concerned about their privacy and are unwilling to easily share their personal data. Therefore, protecting privacy has become a crucial issue. In ML, federated learning (FL) is a widely known privacy‐preserving technique where the model training process is performed locally by the data owner, which can protect privacy to a large extent. However, as the model size grows, the weak computing power and battery life of user devices are not sufficient to support training a large number of models locally. With mobile edge computing (MEC), user can offload some of the model training tasks to the edge server for collaborative computation, allowing the edge server to participate in the model training process to improve training efficiency. However, edge servers are not fully trusted, and there is still a risk of privacy leakage if data is directly uploaded to the edge server. To address this issue, we design a local differential privacy (LDP) based data privacy‐preserving algorithm and a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based task offloading algorithm. We also propose a privacy‐preserving distributed ML framework for MEC and model the cloud‐edge‐mobile collaborative training process. These algorithms not only enable effective utilization of edge computing to accelerate machine learning model training but also significantly enhance user privacy and save device battery power. We have conducted experiments to verify the effectiveness of the framework and algorithms.
Two new Dryopteris taxa originated from distantly related congeners in China
Authors: Wei Hong‐Jin , Chen Bin , Zuo Zheng‐Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSince the inception of genetic investigations into the origin of Dryopteris species belonging to D. subg. Erythrovariae in East Asia, around 20 taxa with hybrid ancestry have been identified. Among these species, some have arisen from distant interspecific hybridization events. In this study, we describe and illustrate two newly discovered hybrids from China: Dryopteris parabissetiana sp. nov., a triploid species, and D. ×tiantangzhaiensis nothosp. nov., a diploid hybrid within Dryopteridaceae. Morphologically, D. parabissetiana exhibits similarities to D. bissetiana but can be distinguished by its ovate scales, while D. ×tiantangzhaiensis clearly displays intermediate characteristics between D. gymnophylla and D. tsoongii. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that D. tsoongii serves as their maternal parent, while D. bissetiana and D. gymnophylla are their paternal parents, respectively. Furthermore, we propose a section‐level classification for such hybrids of mixed parental sections.
Accelerated Cr (VI) removal by a three‐dimensional electro‐Fenton system using green iron nanoparticles
Authors: López‐Campos Brian , Paniagua Sergio A. , Vega‐Baudrit José Roberto , Muñoz‐Arrieta Rodrigo , Guerrero‐Gutiérrez Edward M. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGreen‐synthesized iron nanoparticles (GAP‐FeNP) were used as particle electrodes in a three‐dimensional electro‐Fenton (3DEF) process to accelerate the removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)]. Removal was evaluated by varying the pH (3.0, 6.0, and 9.0) and initial Cr (VI) concentrations (10, 30, and 50 mg/L) at 5 and 25 min. These results demonstrated that GAP‐FeNP/3DEF treatment achieved more than 94% Cr (VI) removal under all tested conditions. Furthermore, it was observed that Cr (VI) removal exceeded 98% under pH 9.0 in all experimental parameters tested. The results of the response surface methodology (RSM) determined two optimal conditions: the first, characterized by a pH of 3.0, Cr (VI) concentration at 50 mg/L, and 25 min, yielded a Cr (VI) removal of 99.7%. The second optimal condition emerged at pH 9.0, with Cr (VI) concentrations of 10 mg/L and 5 min, achieving a Cr (VI) removal of 99.5%. This study highlights the potential of the GAP‐FeNP to synergistically accelerate Cr (VI) removal by the 3DEF process, allowing faster elimination and expansion of the alkaline (pH 9.0) applicability.Practitioner Points
The required time for >99% of Cr (VI) removal by the GAP‐FeNP/3DEF process was shortened from 25 to 5 min.
EF process with GAP‐FeNP reduces the time necessary for Cr (VI) removal, which is 67% faster than conventional methods.
EF process using GAP‐FeNP removed >94% of Cr (VI) after 25 min for all initial Cr (VI) concentrations and pH treatments.
Cr (VI) removal by the GAP‐FeNP/3DEF process was >98% at a pH of 9.0, widening the solution pH applicability.
Complex eigenvalue instantons and the Fredholm determinant expansion in the Gross-Witten-Wadia model
Authors: Eniceicu Dan Stefan , Mahajan Raghu , Murdia Chitraang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the leading nonperturbative corrections to the strong-coupling (ungapped) phase of the Gross-Witten-Wadia (GWW) integral over unitary matrices, to one-loop order. We compute these corrections directly in terms of eigenvalue tunneling in a holomorphic presentation of the integral over eigenvalues. The leading nonperturbative contribution to the partition function comes from a pair of complex eigenvalue instantons. We show that these are in fact “ghost instantons”, which are extrema of the one-eigenvalue effective potential on the “unphysical sheet” of the spectral curve and have been discussed in detail recently by Mariño, Schiappa, and Schwick. Further, we discuss the relationship of these instantons to the Fredholm determinant expansion of the unitary matrix integral, which has recently become an object of interest in the computations of BPS indices of supersymmetric gauge theories and black holes. We find that, after taking the ’t Hooft limit, the first correction given by the Fredholm determinant expansion of the GWW integral agrees precisely with the leading nonperturbative correction, to one-loop order.
Elliptic genera from classical error-correcting codes
Authors: Kawabata Kohki , Yahagi Shinichiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We consider chiral fermionic conformal field theories constructed from classical error-correcting codes and provide a systematic way of computing their elliptic genera. We exploit the U(1) current of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal algebra to obtain the U(1)-graded partition function that is invariant under the modular transformation and the spectral flow. We demonstrate our method by constructing extremal $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 elliptic genera from classical codes for relatively small central charges. Also, we give near-extremal elliptic genera and decompose them into $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 superconformal characters.
Non-relativistic heterotic string theory
Authors: Bergshoeff Eric A. , Romano Luca 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work we consider heterotic-gravity as the low-energy approximation to heterotic string theory. We define a consistent non-relativistic limit of heterotic gravity that includes the Yang-Mills Chern-Simons term. We perform three tests on the heterotic limit: we use it to (i) derive the non-relativistic transformation rules, (ii) show the existence of a finite non-relativistic heterotic action and (iii) obtain the longitudinal non-relativistic T-duality rules. We show that in all these cases the limit procedure is well defined, free of divergences and leads to consistent non-trivial results. We comment on the interpretation of the T-duality rules in terms of a heterotic non-relativistic geometry underlying non-relativistic heterotic string theory.
Distribution Generated by a Random Inhomogenous Fibonacci Sequence
Authors: Liptai Kálmán , Szalay László 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet$$G_0=0$$G0=0and$$G_1=1$$G1=1. The present study deals with the inhomogeneous version$$\begin{aligned} G_n=G_{n-1}+G_{n-2}+w_{n-2} \end{aligned}$$Gn=Gn-1+Gn-2+wn-2of the Fibonacci sequence, where$$w_{n-2}$$wn-2takes valueawith probabilityp, and does valuebwith$$1-p$$1-p. We describe the probability distribution of the values of$$G_n$$Gnwith fixedn, and examine the properties like expected value and variance. The most challenging feature is the fractal-like structure of the distribution.
Treatment-related pneumonitis after thoracic radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lv Xiaoyan , Wu Yajing , Li Qihui , Zheng Chen , Lin Qiang , Pang Qingsong , Zhao Min , Zhang Jiandong , Wang Jun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the risk factors of treatment-related pneumonitis (TRP) following thoracic radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD‑1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 97 patients with advanced ESCC who were treated with thoracic radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy combined with anti-PD‑1 mAbs. Among them, 56 patients received concurrent radiotherapy with anti-PD‑1 mAbs and 41 patients received sequential radiotherapy with anti-PD‑1 mAbs. The median prescribed planning target volume (PTV) dose was 59.4 Gy (range from 50.4 to 66 Gy, 1.8–2.2 Gy/fraction). Clinical characteristics, the percentage of lung volume receiving more than 5–50 Gy in increments of 5 Gy (V5–V50, respectively) and the mean lung dose (MLD) were analyzed as potential risk factors for TRP.

Results
46.4% (45/97), 20.6% (20/97), 20.6% (20/97), 4.1% (4/97), and 1.0% (1/97) of the patients developed any grade of TRP, grade 1 TRP, grade 2 TRP, grade 3 TRP, and fatal (grade 5) TRP, respectively. Anti-PD‑1 mAbs administered concurrently with radiotherapy, V5, V10, V15, V25, V30, V35, V40 and MLD were associated with the occurrence of grade 2 or higher TRP. Concurrent therapy (P = 0.010, OR = 3.990) and V5 (P = 0.001, OR = 1.126) were independent risk factors for grade 2 or higher TRP. According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the optimal V5 threshold for predicting grade 2 or higher TRP was 55.7%.

Conclusion
The combination of thoracic radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy with anti-PD‑1 mAbs displayed a tolerable pulmonary safety profile. Although the incidence of TRP was high, grade 1–2 TRP accounted for the majority. Anti-PD‑1 mAbs administered concurrently with radiotherapy and the lung V5 were significantly associated with the occurrence of grade 2 or higher TRP. Therefore, it seems safer to control V5 below 55% in clinical, especially for the high-risk populations receiving concurrent therapy.
Identification of Sr67, a new gene for stem rust resistance in KU168-2 located close to the Sr13 locus in wheat
Authors: Sharma Jyoti Saini , Che Mingzhe , Fetch Thomas , McCallum Brent D. , Xu Steven S. , Hiebert Colin W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Sr67 is a new stem rust resistance gene that represents a new resource for breeding stem rust resistant wheat cultivars

Abstract
Re-appearance of stem rust disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), in different parts of Europe emphasized the need to develop wheat varieties with effective resistance to local Pgt populations and exotic threats. A Kyoto University wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accession KU168-2 was reported to carry good resistance to leaf and stem rust. To identify the genomic region associated with the KU168-2 stem rust resistance, a genetic study was conducted using a doubled haploid (DH) population from the cross RL6071 × KU168-2. The DH population was phenotyped with three Pgt races (TTKSK, TPMKC, and QTHSF) and genotyped using the Illumina 90 K wheat SNP array. Linkage mapping showed the resistance to all three Pgt races was conferred by a single stem rust resistance (Sr) gene on chromosome arm 6AL, associated with Sr13. Presently, four Sr13 resistance alleles have been reported. Sr13 allele-specific KASP and STARP markers, and sequencing markers all showed null alleles in KU168-2. KU168-2 showed a unique combination of seedling infection types for five Pgt races (TTKSK, QTHSF, RCRSF, TMRTF, and TPMKC) compared to Sr13 alleles. The phenotypic uniqueness of the stem rust resistance gene in KU168-2 and null alleles for Sr13 allele-specific markers showed the resistance was conferred by a new gene, designated Sr67. Since Sr13 is less effective in hexaploid background, Sr67 will be a good source of stem rust resistance in bread wheat breeding programs.
Mechanisms and axiomatics for division problems with single-dipped preferences
Authors: Gong Doudou , Dietzenbacher Bas , Peters Hans 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA mechanism allocates one unit of an infinitely divisible commodity among agents reporting a number between zero and one. Nash, Pareto optimal Nash, and strong equilibria are analyzed for the case where the agents have single-dipped preferences. One main result is that when the mechanism satisfies anonymity, monotonicity, the zero–one property, and order preservation, then the Pareto optimal Nash and strong equilibria coincide and result in Pareto optimal allocations that are characterized by so-called maximal coalitions: members of a maximal coalition prefer an equal coalition share over obtaining zero, whereas the outside agents prefer zero over obtaining an equal share from joining the coalition. A second main result is an axiomatic characterization of the associated social choice correspondence as the maximal correspondence satisfying minimal envy Pareto optimality, equal division lower bound, and sharing index order preservation.
Stage 1 and 2 Palliation: Comparing Ductal Stenting and Aorto-Pulmonary Shunts in Single Ventricles with Duct-Dependent Pulmonary Blood Flow
Authors: Ganta Srujan , Haley Jessica , El-Said Howaida , Lane Brian , Haldeman Shylah , Karamlou Tara , Moore John , Rao Rohit , Nigro John J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPatent ductus arteriosus stenting (PDAS) for ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow (DDPBF) provides a new paradigm for managing neonates with single ventricles (SV). Currently, sparse data exist regarding outcomes for subsequent palliation. We describe our experience with inter-stage care and stage 2 (S2P) conversion with PDAS in comparison to a prior era of patients who received surgical aorto-pulmonary shunts (APS). Retrospective review of 18 consecutive DDPBF SV patients treated with PDAS between 2016 and 2021 was done and compared with 9 who underwent APS from 2010 to 2016. Patient outcomes and pulmonary artery (PA) growth were analyzed. S2P was completed in all 18 with PDAS with no cardiac arrests and one post-S2P mortality. In the 9 APS patients, there was one cardiac arrest requiring ECMO and one mortality inter-stage. Off cardiopulmonary bypass strategy was utilized in 10/18 in the PDAS and 1/9 in the APS group (p = 0.005) at S2P. Shorter ventilation time, earlier PO feeding, and shorter hospital stay were noted in the PDAS group (p = 0.01, p = 0.006, p = 0.03) (S2P). Median Nakata index increase inter-stage was not significant between the PDAS and APS at 94.1 mm2/m2 versus 71.7 mm2/m2 (p = 0.94). Median change in pulmonary artery symmetry (PAS) was − 0.02 and − 0.24, respectively, which was statistically significant (p = 0.008). Neurodevelopmental outcomes were better in the PDAS group compared to the APS group (p = 0.02). PDAS provides excellent PA growth, inter-stage survival, progression along multistage single-ventricle palliation, and potentially improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Most patients can be transitioned through 2 stages of palliation without CPB.
3D visualization of the human anterior cruciate ligament combining micro-CT and histological analysis
Authors: Parrilli Annapaola , Grassi Alberto , Orellana Federica , Lolli Roberta , Marchiori Gregorio , Berni Matteo , Fini Milena , Lopomo Nicola Francesco , Zaffagnini Stefano 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The study aimed to obtain a comprehensive 3D visualization of knee specimens, including the cruciate ligaments and corresponding femoral and tibial bone insertions using a non-destructive micro-CT method.

Methods
Knee specimens were fixed in anatomical positions and chemically dehydrated before being scanned using micro-CT with a voxel size of 17.5 μm. RGBA (red, green, blue, alpha) transfer functions were applied to virtually colorize each structure. Following micro-CT scanning, the samples were rehydrated, decalcified, and trimmed based on micro-CT 3D reconstructions as references. Histological evaluations were performed on the trimmed samples. Histological and micro-CT images were registered to morphologically and densitometrically assess the 4-layer insertion of the ACL into the bone.

Results
The output of the micro-CT images of the knee in extension and flexion allowed a clear differentiation of the morphologies of both soft and hard tissues, such as the ACL, femoral and tibial bones, and cartilage, and the subsequent creation of 3D composite models useful for accurately tracing the entire morphology of the ligament, including its fiber and bundle components, the trajectory between the femur and tibia, and the size, extension, and morphology of its insertions into the bones.

Conclusion
The implementation of the non-destructive micro-CT method allowed complete visualization of all the different components of the knee specimens. This allowed correlative imaging by micro-CT and histology, accurate planning of histological sections, and virtual anatomical and microstructural analysis. The micro-CT approach provided an unprecedented 3D level of detail, offering a viable means to study ACL anatomy.