bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of trigeminal neurovascular contacts identified on 3D-fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic adults
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Anwar Shayan Sirat Maheen , Bilal Khawar , Ahmed Anwar , Samnani Saira , Zafar Burhan 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Neurovascular conflict is considered one of the main causes of Trigeminal neuralgia, and 3D fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the diagnostic imaging of choice. However, no tool is available to confirm imaging findings as the primary cause of trigeminal neuralgia because neurovascular contact is frequently found in asymptomatic individuals, according to some literature, although very little data is available till now. Therefore, we aim to determine the frequency of trigeminal neurovascular contact, involved nerve segment, culprit vessel, and characteristics of contacts in asymptomatic individuals. Knowledge about this is very crucial so that every patient may not be labeled as having neurovascular conflict as the primary cause and can be saved from unnecessary surgeries.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted on 105 MRI brain scans of asymptomatic individuals for trigeminal neurovascular relationships by two expert neuro-radiologists. Percentages calculated for categorical variables and for continuous variables Shapiro–Wilk test were used. The Fisher Exact test is used to assess the association between conflict and other variables. Inter-rater reliability was computed for the outcome and other variables and Cohen’s kappa to evaluate the strength of agreement. All calculations were performed using STATA version 17.0.

Results:
Out of 105 cases, neuro-vascular contact was identified in 64 cases. The most common contacting vessel was the superior cerebellar artery. The most common nerve segment involved was the cisternal segment, followed by the Root entry zone and porous trigeminus. In about 54 cases, the vessel was abutting the nerve, while in eight cases, it was compressing and, in two cases, displacing the nerve. The superior surface of the nerve was commonly involved. The inter-rater reliability between both neuroradiologists showed significant agreement.

Conclusion:
Neurovascular contact is found in asymptomatic individuals, so just the presence of contact in symptomatic individuals on MRI should not be considered as only the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. It is important to identify nerve thinning and distortion, which are more reliable signs.
Intracranial epidermoid cysts: Demographics, surgical strategies, and postoperative outcomes in a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Faraj Moneer K. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Intracranial epidermoid cysts are infrequent, benign, and slow-growing lesions derived from ectodermal vestiges. Although extremely uncommon, these lesions represent a great challenge from a diagnostic and surgical point of view because they are located close to major neurovascular structures with great potential for complications. Our work aims to analyze demographic, clinical, radiological, and surgical features in patients with intracranial epidermoid cysts and to assess post-surgical outcomes to define better management strategies.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with histologically confirmed intracranial epidermoid cysts and treated surgically at Dr. Said Al-Witry’s Neuroscience Hospital from January 2020 to September 2024. Demographic data, clinical presentations, imaging findings, surgical approaches, and postoperative complications were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Out of 40 patients, 75% were male, with headaches being the most common symptom (50%). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings demonstrated T1 hypo-intensity in 95% and T2 hyper-intensity in all cases. The retrosigmoid approach was the most frequently employed surgical method (60%), followed by frontotemporal (30%) and midline suboccipital (10%) approaches. Postoperative complications occurred in 35% of cases, including facial nerve palsy (15%), aseptic meningitis (10%), cerebrospinal fluid leaks (5%), and hydrocephalus (5%). Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between surgical approaches and postoperative complications (P = 0.048).

Conclusion:
Intracranial epidermoid cysts show a high incidence in males and present mostly with nonspecific symptoms such as headaches and seizures. MRI remains the key investigation modality. The retrosigmoid approach shows less complication rate when compared to other techniques. Even though surgery has evolved, complications such as meningitis and nerve palsy persist, so much attention to detail is required in preoperative planning and follow-up in the long run for optimum outcomes for the patients.
Staged and combined resection of a posterior fossa ganglioglioma
Authors: Rennert Robert C. , Fredrickson Vance L. , Mortimer Vance R. , Couldwell William T. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Posterior fossa gangliogliomas with extension into the cerebellopontine angle are extremely rare and can be challenging to resect because they are infiltrative and the regional neurovasculature is complex.[1,2] Tumor grade may best predict oncologic outcome.[1] Histologic grading can be used to balance surgical aggression with the risk of cranial neuropathies.

Case Description:
During an evaluation for headaches, a 19-year-old woman was found to have a 5.3 × 4.0 × 3.5-cm left lateral cerebellar and cerebellopontine angle tumor, with an apparent intrinsic origin and significant exophytic extension. The lesion was minimally enhancing and partially cystic and had significant calcifications. On examination, she was neurologically intact, with the exception of mildly decreased left oropharyngeal sensation. She underwent a left retrosigmoid craniotomy for tumor debulking and tissue diagnosis; the tumor was found to be adherent to cranial nerves 7 through 11. Pathological evaluation demonstrated a ganglioglioma (World Health Organization grade I). A safe maximal resection was recommended on multidisciplinary review. A secondary left far lateral craniotomy and C1 hemilaminectomy were performed, allowing for a complete resection of the residual tumor. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 6 at her neurologic baseline, with the exception of new mild left V2–3 paresthesias that were resolved by 6-month follow-up. Postoperative and 6-month magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a gross total resection with no complications.

Conclusion:
For rare, low-grade tumors, a staged, histology-guided, safe maximal resection can maximize functional and oncologic outcomes.
Radiological and pathological findings of spinal intramedullary granular cell tumor
Authors: Inagaki Ryo , Kohno Daisuke , Shigekawa Seiji , Inoue Akihiro , Kitazawa Riko , Kunieda Takeharu 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare, usually benign, tumors with classic histomorphology. This tumor can occur throughout the body, but the spine is a distinctly rare location. Here, we report a very rare case of intramedullary GCT arising in the thoracic spinal cord.

Case Description:
A 36-year-old woman presented to our hospital with an approximately 1-year history of gradually worsening numbness in the left toe and weakness in both lower limbs. Neuroimaging showed a tumor mass in the upper spine at the level of thoracic vertebrae 7-8, appearing hypointense on T2-weighted imaging (WI) and showing uniform gadolinium enhancement on T1-WI. Complete surgical resection was successfully performed. Histopathological examination revealed round or polygonal cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm strongly staining for S-100 and SOX10, and benign intramedullary GCT in the thoracic spinal cord was diagnosed. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no residual tumor, and the patient recovered well from this intervention, showing no sequelae. Follow-up neuroimaging after 2 years showed no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:
This report describes an extremely rare case of GCT arising from the intramedullary thoracic spinal cord, which is difficult to diagnose by routine neuroimaging. Therefore, accurate diagnosis requires careful identification of clinical signs, MRI including hypointensity on T2-WI, and analysis of combined morphologic and immunohistochemical studies.
Русские старожилы арктических территорий Якутии: результаты и актуальные проблемы исследований
Authors: Алексеев А.Н. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются основные результаты исследований истории и культуры русских старожилов арктических территорий Якутии, предлагаются наиболее актуальные, с точки зрения автора, проблемы дальнейших исследований.
The article examines the main research results into the history and culture of Russian old-timers in the Arctic territories of Yakutia, and proposes the most pressing issues for further research from the author’s point of view.
Якутский отдел Императорского Православного Палестинского общества: по материалам газеты «Якутские епархиальные ведомости»
Authors: Юрганова И.И. 
Published: January 2025

В исследовании на основе анализа публикаций епархиальной прессы дано представление о деятельности и приоритетах «самого дальнего и холодного» регионального отделения Императорского Православного Палестинского общества – Якутского отдела (1893‒1917), составленное с учетом немногочисленной историографии и источникового потенциала проблемы на основе материалов газеты «Якутские епархиальные ведомости». Обращение к епархиальной периодике предоставило возможности рассмотрения истории отдела на первом этапе его функционирования (1893–1905 гг.), обозначения основных направлений, состава и социальной структуры регионального отделения, выявления трудностей организационной работы, обусловленных как объективными особенностями проживания в северных условиях, так и субъективными факторами.
The study examines the activities of the Yakut Department, the first regional branch of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society, which was reflected in the publications of the Yakut Diocesan Gazette newspaper. Two stages in the department’s activities have been identified based on newspaper publications. The first is associated with the names of Bishops Meletius (Yakimov) and Nikanor (Nadezhdin) and is characterized by the greatest activity (1893- 1905). Membership in the Yakut Department demonstrates a wide range of participants, including regional leadership and bureaucracy, representatives of the merchant class, clergy and non-native elites. The priorities of the regional office were determined, consisting in collecting donations and cultural and educational work (readings and conversations, including in the Yakut language), the circle of readings, their geography and organizers were identified, the use of modern technical means for this period was established. The second stage of the department’s activity is correlated with the change of both the spiritual and secular leadership of the region. It is obvious that the potential of the diocesan press gives grounds to identify the successes and difficulties of the organizational work of the Yakut Department of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society, due to both objective reasons for living in northern conditions and subjective factors.
Отражение северного ландшафта и реалий быта в фольклорных произведениях русских старожилов Северо-Востока Якутии
Authors: Чарина О.И. 
Published: January 2025

На основе русского фольклора старожилов арктической зоны Якутии рассмотрены особенности изменения текста на уровне слова. Материалом послужили эпические произведения фольклора, а также короткие песни, которые исполняли старожилы русских сел Северо-Востока Якутии, отраженные в записях конца XIX ‒ XX вв. Применены выборка лексем, сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ текстов, определенной лексики. Северный ландшафт, животный мир, жилище, одежда, пища представлены как русскими образами, так и некоторыми внедренными, взятыми из фольклора соседних народов, в основном якутов.
Based on the Russian folklore of old-timers of the Arctic zone of Yakutia, the features of changing the text at the word level are considered. Texts published in collections were used to clarify the specifics of showing local nature and everyday life: “Dictionary”, collected by V.G. Bogoraz [1901], “Folklore of the Russkoe Ustye” [1986], “Russian Epic Poetry of Siberia and the Far East” [1991]. The material was epic works of folklore, as well as short songs performed by old-timers of Russian villages in North-East of Yakutia, reflected in the records of the late 19th – 20th centuries. In quantitative terms, more than 350 texts of epics, historical songs, ballads, fairy tales, street’s songs, “andylshchyna” were reviewed. A comparative analysis of texts and certain vocabulary was used. The lexis showing the space of the Arctic world was considered: northern landscape, animal world, village, dwelling, food, household items. Old Russian dialect words such as “sendukha”, “ushkan”, “tėlno” are presented. Vocabulary taken from the folklore of neighboring peoples, mainly the Yakuts, is introduced: “yurt”, “khoton”, “oron”, “sora”, “kumys”.
Коллекция намогильных пирамидок – цаца из Саратовского областного музея краеведения как источник по изучению похоронно-погребальной практики у калмыков
Authors: Кольцов П.М. , Батыров В.В. , Умгаев С.А. 
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена анализу намогильных пирамидок, связанных с культурно-мировоззренческими ценностями калмыков и, в частности, с практикой обряда перехода. С середины XIX в. калмыки под влиянием внешних и внутренних факторов начинают переходить к захоронению покойных в земле, что привело к появлению первых кладбищ и обустройству намогильных сооружений – стул цаца, которые связаны с культом предков. Научная новизна заключается в том, что публикация малоизвестной коллекции намогильных пирамидок позволяет в значительной степени расширить источниковую базу для дальнейшего изучения традиционной похоронно-погребальной обрядности калмыков.
The article is devoted to the analysis of tomb pyramids associated with the cultural and ideological values of the Kalmyk in general and the practice of the rite of passage in particular. The purpose of this article is to introduce into scientific circulation the tomb pyramids from the collection of Saratov Regional Museum of Local History, which significantly complement the knowledge about the traditional rituals of the Kalmyk. The objectives of the study include the description and analysis of the tomb pyramids. The methodological basis of this article is the principles of historicism, system analysis and an objective approach to the subjects studied. The following methods were used in the study: descriptive, typological, historical-comparative and analytical. Under the influence of external and internal factors, the Kalmyk began to move to burying the dead in the ground, which led to the appearance of the first cemeteries and the construction of tomb in the form of pyramids, which are associated with the cult of ancestors. The publication of a unique collection of tomb pyramids allows us to significantly expand the source base for further study of traditional funeral rites of the Kalmyk.
Чатские билабиальные согласные по акустическим данным
Authors: Якимец Н.В. 
Published: January 2025

Впервые методами акустического и аудитивного анализа были исследованы билабиальные согласные звукотипы «p», «b», «m» и «w» в языке чатских татар. Были изучены артикуляционно-акустические характеристики согласных, взаимосвязь между этими характеристиками и позиционно-комбинаторными условиями, в которых данные согласные встречаются. Для этого были проанализированы осциллограммы и спектрограммы согласных; измерены частоты основных тонов, второй форманты, интенсивность и длительность; оценена напряженность артикуляции. На основании полученных данных были описаны некоторые артикуляционные характеристики согласных. Результаты показывают зависимость характеристик «p», «b» и «m» от палатальной гармонии гласных в слове.
Acoustic and auditive analyses were used for the first time to study bilabial consonant sounds of types “p”, “b”, “m”, and “w” in the language of Chat Tatars. This research aimed to study the acoustic and articulatory properties of the consonants and to establish a relationship between these properties and the positional and combinatorial conditions in which the consonants occur. To do this, recordings of 69 words containing these sounds from 5 native speakers were annotated using Speech Analyzer 3.1.2.0. The waveforms and spectrograms of the consonants were examined; pitch, formants (F2), intensity, and duration were measured; tenseness of articulation was evaluated. Based on these data some articulatory properties were described. The results show that the acoustic and articulatory properties of “p”, “b”, and “m” depend on the palatal vowel harmony in the word. The consonant “w” does not show such dependence. The average intensities of the consonants differ by about 10 dB. The average pitch values for “b”, “m”, and “w” sound types are comparable, indicating that the position of the larynx does not differ during their articulation.
Применение алгоритмов элитарной муравьиной системы и Max-Min муравьиной системы для оптимизации маршрутов в сетях квантового распределения ключей
Authors: Раздьяконов Е.С. , Корчагин С.А. , Тимошенко А.В. , Булатов М.Ф. 
Published: January 2025

Данное исследование посвящено оптимизации маршрутов в сетях квантового распределения ключей (КРК), особенностями которых является ряд физических ограничений и сильная зависимость от топологии. В работе рассматривается применение двух вариаций алгоритма муравьиных колоний, алгоритмов элитарной муравьиной системы (EAS) и Max-Min муравьиной системы (MMAS), для построения оптимальных маршрутов в сетях КРК. Была представлена метрика коммуникационной эффективности маршрута сети КРК, позволяющая оценивать качество маршрута в соответствии с заданными требованиями к пропускной способности и безопасности. Особенностью данной метрики является ее неаддитивная составляющая пропускной способности, зависящая от минимальной эффективности соединения в маршруте. Была проведена серия экспериментов на случайно сгенерированном планарном графе для длинных и коротких маршрутов с алгоритмами EAS и MMAS, в результате которых MMAS оказался значительно более эффективным для длинных маршрутов, но в случае коротких маршрутов EAS находил маршрут быстрее без значительной потери в качестве решения. Результаты, полученные в данном исследовании, могут быть применены в решении задач динамической маршрутизации, а также оптимизации топологии сетей квантового распределения ключей.
This study focuses on route optimization in quantum key distribution (QKD) networks, whose features are a number of physical constraints and strong topology dependence. This paper examines the application of two variations of the ant colony algorithm, the elitist ant system (EAS) and Max-Min ant system (MMAS) algorithms, to construct optimal routes in QKD networks. A metric for the communication efficiency of a route in QKD networks has been presented to evaluate the quality of a route according to given capacity and security requirements. The peculiarity of this metric is its non-additive capacity component, which depends on the minimum link efficiency in the route. A series of experiments were conducted on a randomly generated planar graph for long and short routes with EAS and MMAS algorithms, which resulted in MMAS being significantly more efficient for long routes, but in the case of short routes, EAS found the route faster without significant loss in solution quality. The results obtained in this study can be applied in solving problems of dynamic routing, as well as optimization of the topology of quantum key distribution networks.
Development of Novel Machine Learning to Optimize the Solubility of Azathioprine as Anticancer Drug in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Waskita Arya Adhyaksa , Bissa Stevry Yushady CH , Satya Ika Atman , Alwi Ratna Surya 
Published: January 2025

Supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) has thus been proposed as an appropriate solvent for diluting the pharmaceuticals to increase particle size. The use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) in various industrial applications, such as extraction, chromatography, and particle engineering, has attracted considerable interest. Recognizing the solubility behavior of various drugs is an essential step in the pharmaceutical industry's pursuit of the most effective supercritical approach. In this work, four models were used to predict the solubility of Azathioprine in supercritical carbon dioxide, including Ridge regression (RR), Huber regression (HR), Random forest (RF), and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The R-squared scores of all four models are 0.974, 0.6518, 0.966, and 1.0 for Ridge regression (RR), Huber regression (HR), Random forest (RF), and Gaussian process regression (GPR) models, respectively. The RMSE error rates of 2.843 ×10-13, 7.036 ×10-12, 5.673 ×10-13, and 1.054 ×10-30 for the RR, HR, RF, and GPR models, respectively. MAE metrics of 1.205 ×10-6, 2.151 ×10-6, 5.997 ×10-7 and 9.419 ×10-16 errors were also found in the RR, HR, RF, and GPR models, respectively. It was found that Ridge regression (RR), Random forest (RF), and Gaussian process regression (GPR) models can be used to predict any compound's solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide.
Palm Print Recognition Using Intelligent Techniques: A review
Authors: Al-Taie Sara A. Mohammed , Khaleel Baydaa I. 
Published: January 2025

Hand or Palm print recognition systems are one of the efficient people recognition and authentication systems that provide high-security levels by approving the entering and exiting of people such as employees in the work field or companies. The basis for using palmprints lies in the fact that no two individuals have exactly the same palmprint pattern, moreover palmprints remain more or less stablethroughout the lifetime and are easily obtainable using standard imaging techniques. Palm print recognition systems process picture data from a photograph of a person's palm and compare it to a record for that person using a scanning device or camera-based application. There are numerous ways to obtain a palmprint image, including digital scanners. Researchers have taken palmprint photographs using video cameras, CCD-based scanners, and tripods. A CCD-based scanner may be used to take a high resolution image of a palmprint. A palm image can also be perfectly aligned with the user's hand thanks to the pegs on the CCD-based scanner The palmprint has a variety of natural ompositions that are rich in identifying characteristics like wrinkles, ridges, major lines, single, and minute points. Because of these, a palmprint is a distinctive biometric that is trustworthy for identifying humans As Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods and applications improved, the improvement of computer techniques and the usage of techniques increased in all fields including people recognition field. Many intelligent techniques are used to recognize people such as neural networks, the Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Algorithm, and Deep Learning all these techniques are used and have almost the same recognition accuracy