bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis and polarization study of CoCr2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Garg Tarun , Choudhary Pankaj , Yadav Priya , Yadav Anand 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We present the room temperature polarization study of the multiferroic compound CoCr2O4. The co-existence of two elements (Co and Cr) in partially filled d-blocks makes these compounds exhibit a wide range of physical properties. The Cr3+ions almost invariably cover the octahedral (Oh) sites as the crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) is more than 224 kJ mol
−1. The chemical based Sol-gel self-combustion method has been used to successfully synthesize CoCr2O4 chromite. Laboratory X-ray diffraction (LXRD) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) investigations approve the single-phase face centered crystalline structure. The obtained space group is Fd3m. The average crystallite size has been determined by Debye Scherrer’s method and the Williamson Hall [W-H] method. The obtained size is found to be ~ 27 and 17 nm respectively, for both methods when the data is measured by SXRD. The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) shows the agglomeration of particles, which is confirmed by surface topography. Room temperature polarization study exposes the weaker strength of ferroelectricity, which is principally due to charge reversal in the CoCr2O4 compound. The experimental value for retaining polarization is found to be ~ 65% at room temperature (300K).
A Review on Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversions and its Space Power Applications
Authors: Nayak Jagannath , Kumar Deepak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system coverts heat radiations from various sources like Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system coverts heat radiations from various sources like combustion of fuels, industrial waste heat and nuclear energy into electricity. To fulfil the demand of energy TPV is an alternate, can enable approaches to energy storage and conversion. The TPV model consists of multiple arrays of TPV cells, an emitter, a radiator and a filter. one of the important advantages of TPVs are the high efficiencies and direct conversion of DC power. This paper presents the research being conducted till date in the field of Thermophotovoltaic cell and space applications of TPV cells. We have Thermophotovoltaic has been regarded as an energy substitute in radioisotope deep space power system for thermoelectric. TPV provides outstanding potential improvement in mass specific power as well as in efficiency. TPV system also proposed for inner planetary solar system. This idea leads TPV capability to store energy in the form of heat energy rather than electrical energies which is common in photovoltaic system. The current effort to derive the demonstration of efficiency conversion up to 19% and it enhances the specific power W/kg at the system level. Next generation TPV concepts are also reviewed in order to explore the future space power application. The application of TPV that includes radioisotope Thermophotovoltaic (RTPV) and solar Thermophotovoltaic (STPV) plays a vital role in deep space powered systems.
Thermoelectric Properties of HfSe2 Monolayer
Authors: Mathapati S I , Harapanahalli S S , Chinnappagoudra R F. , Patil N R , Kamatagi M D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work detailed investigation of thermoelectric properties of HfSe2 monolayer is investigated employing Boltzmann transport formalism. We present numerical calculations of thermoelectric properties namely, electrical conductivity, σ, electronic thermal conductivity, Ke
, diffusion thermopower, Sd
and thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT
, considering the scattering of electrons from acoustic phonons and charged impurities. We find that HfSe2 monolayer possess extremely low electronic thermal conductivity and relatively high thermopower (~ 100µV/K). Our calculations show that thermoelectric figure of merit is more than one at higher temperatures thus making HfSe2 monolayer suitable candidate for thermoelectric applications.
Mechanical and Optical Properties of Topological Semimetal Compound YPtBi
Authors: Yadav Suman , Gour Atul , Sarwan Madhu , Singh Sadhna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We have reported the mechanical properties of topological semimetals half-Heusler compound YPtBi with LDA and GGA approximation which is implemented in density functional theory. We have calculated elastic parameters which ensure good machinability, covalent bonding, brittleness, low value of Kleinman parameter and high Vickers hardness. Our results reveal the hardness or large resistance of these topological semimetals. Moreover, Born mechanical stability conditions are well fulfilled by the topological semimetal YPtBi. Present study reveals that the low value of bulk modulus and shear modulus wheras high value of Youngs modulus of this topological semimetals which deforms easily with applied external force. We have also calculated optical properties of topological semi-metal YPtBi with both LDA and GGA. Optical properties are calculated in terms of dielectric function and we have calculated dielectric constant, optical reflectivity, absorption co-efficient, optical conductivity, refractive index and electron energy loss in the energy range 0 – 14 eV. We have found higher dielectric constants with GGA in comparison to LDA that imply YPtBi is excellent materials in solar cell applications. Also, YPtBi possess high refractive index in the visible range and it is optically isotropic.
Phase transformations in Ni-Ti SMA spring
Authors: Mahesh K. K. , Braz Fernandes F. M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Equi-atomic Nickel-Titanium (Ni-Ti) alloy is one of the prominent materials to exhibit two way shape memory effect (TWSME). Since the material by itself can change shape due to variation in temperature, it is also used as an actuator. In the present study, Ni-Ti (49.5at%Ni-Ti) alloy wire is converted into a spring coil with straight portions on either ends by shape setting. Training is provided to the spring coil portion to achieve TWSME. Separate specimens from the spring and straight portions were extracted. Phase transformations were observed in the spring and straight portions during heating and cooling. Phase transformation behaviour of the spring coil and straight portions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The straight portion undergoes simple thermal cycles. But the spring coil portion undergoes thermomechanical (TM) cycles due to change in shapes during heating and cooling. The thermograms obtained show difference in their nature of phase transformations. Discussion focusses on the difference in the thermograms appearing for the specimens from straight and coil portions.
Elucidation of Structural and Morphological Properties of Cu0.6Ni0.4Fe2O4 Ferrite
Authors: Chaturvedi P. , Saleem M. , Srivastava B. D. , Mishra A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Solid state reaction has been used successfully to prepare the spinel ferrite Cu0.6Ni0.4Fe2O4. The cubic structure of the sample was discovered by XRD crystal structure analyses. The Rietveld Refinement was used to further refine the XRD spectra, and all of the structure-related data were acquired, confirming the cubic (Fd-3m) structure. The calculated particle size was 91 nm. Five active Raman modes were visible in the Raman spectra, confirming the spinel structure. Raman analysis of the produced samples provided evidence of the lattice structure. Employing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, the sample formation was further confirmed. Compositional studies revealed that all the integral elements of the sample are present and there is no trace of impurity whereas morphological analysis infers the dominance of agglomeration phenomenon. The dielectric properties were investigated which were exceptionally good. Optical bandgap studies revealed wide band nature of the materials.
Study of Proton Radiation Damage Effects in Si microstrip Detector for New and Fast Tracking System of pCT
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Srivastava Ajay Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A new and fast radiation hard p-Si micro strip detector requires for the high proton imaging performance using the Proton Computed Tomography (pCT) system. Silicon trackers of the pCT have been measured the actual proton dose delivered to the cancer patient during the medical treatment. In this paper, several proton cancer doses up to 9.62x 1014 neq,/cm2 are used for the SRH modelling of the full depletion voltage and leakage current at 293 K of the Si micro-strip detector using microscopic radiation damage model. Radiation hard thin (150μm) p-type MCz Si micro strip detector design is proposed for the pCT that can work up to 800V for very high-irradiated proton cancer doses.
Investigation of Structural and Dielectric Properties of Sr doped LaCrO3Synthesized by Auto-Combustion Method
Authors: Soni Neha , Karma Nikita , Bhataniya Lalit Kumar , Dubey Paras , Kaurav Netram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We synthesized the undoped lanthanum chromium oxide, LaCrO3 (LCO), and Strontium (Sr) doped La1-xSrxCrO3 (x=0.1) perovskite compounds using auto-combution method. X-ray Diffraction technique reveals that both the samples possess Cubic crystal structure with Pm-3m space group. Furthermore, room temperature dielectrical properties of both the samples were emphasized. Dielectric constant and loss value of both the samples decreases as frequency increases attributed to Maxwell-Wagner type of relaxation.
Fabrication and Characterization of Ni-Carbon nanofibers by Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Sethy Pujashree Priyadarshini , Sundaray Bibekananda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carbon nanofibers with the distribution of magnetic Ni metal (Ni-CNFs) have been synthesized using Nickel (II) acetate tetrahydrate (Ni (OCHCH3)2.4H2O), polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as precursors by electrospinning technique. The as-prepared nanofibers were dried in a vacuum oven, stabilized, and followed by carbonization at 850 °C in N2 atmosphere. Their structural phase composition, microstructure, and magnetic properties have been investigated. The phase formation of pure Ni-CNF without any impurity has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. The average diameter of the nanofibers and the Ni nanoparticles has been calculated to be 159±25.72 nm and 67±11.24 nm, respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurement has been carried out to confirm the presence of Ni and C elements with their weight%. Raman spectrum attributes the presence of two characteristic absorption peaks of carbon materials. Room temperature (300 K) magnetic measurement shows the ferromagnetic behavior of Ni-CNF. These nanofibers have the potential to be used in a wide variety of applications including These materials have wide variety of applications as in different magnetic devices (magnetic sensors, magnetic recording devices, and soft magnetic materials.), microwave absorption materials, supercapacitors and batteries etc.
Green biosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles bound with macaranga indica plant extracts for the purification of drinking water
Authors: Hegde G , Kadre T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plant-assisted green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (NPs) has become the most powerful technique to prepare stable NPs. Macaranga indica is a medicinal plant widely available in the western ghats. It has verities of medical properties like antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, cytotoxicity, and antidysentery and is commonly used in the traditional medicine system. This plant also contains polyphenols, flavonoids, and other plant constituents. Here, in this study, macaranga indicia leaf extract is used as a capping agent for the synthesis of silver NPs by using the microwave irradiation technique. Synthesized NPs are characterized by using Uv-Vis Spectra, XRD, EDX, FESEM, and FTIR. Interpretation of characterization data reveals that synthesized NPs are in a spherical shape, monodispersed, and have particles the size of ~15-20 nm. These bicapped silver NPs have shown potential thermotolerant bacterial inhibition activity and are also efficient in methylene blue dye removal and hence can be used in the purification process of drinking water at its source.
Investigation on the thermal properties of carbon fibres with silica-based aerogel composites
Authors: Ponnusamy Prasanth , Girisha L , Balamurugan S , Benham A , Vivek R , Loganathan Ganesh Babu , Girimurugan R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this research, thermal protection systems of space hardware have prompted the development and study of silica aerogel composites bonded with a variety of Carbon fibres. Carbon fibres were woven into a matrix of tetra ethoxy silane (Ts) and vinyl tri-methoxy silane (Vs) to create these composites. Many different composites were developed, each with its own set of characteristics and capabilities because to the wide range of fibres used. The measured bulk density values were often relatively low, with the lowest recorded value being only 180 kg m−3. The thermal conductivity was reduced to below 30 mW m−1 K−1 and the stability was maintained up to 600°C. Nanocomposites consisting of longer fibres containing meta-Carbons are superior insulators, while short-fiber composites are stiffer and have lower thermal conductivities. The aerogel composites compliance with Space conditions was evaluated using standard Space materials qualification procedures like thermal cycling and outgassing, proving their fitness for use in this context.
Hybrid calotropis gigantea fibre-reinforced epoxy composites with SiO2’s longer-term moisture absorbable and its impacts on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties
Authors: Velmurugan G , Suresh Kumar S , Chohan Jasgurpreet Singh , Sathish R , Panneer Selvan S , Muhammed Abraar S A , Elil Raja D , Nagaraj M , Palani Sivaprakasam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Opportunities for the fabrication of plant fiber hybrids using thermoplastics and thermosets may be found in a variety of industries, including automobiles and agriculture. This can lessen reliance on crude oil, which contributes to a number of sustainability problems. In the current study, calotropis gigantea fiber (CGF) and nanosilicon dioxide (SiO2)-derived hybridized materials’ mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and water absorption properties were examined. Utilizing varying weight proportions of nanoSiO2 (0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5 wt%) and 30 wt% of CGF, we manufactured the composite using the hand lay-up method. The moisture absorption of the manufactured composites was measured during periods of 500, 1000, and 2000 h. For composite materials containing 1.5 wt% SiO2, the highest interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) failure point was 12.52 MPa for 500 h, which is 12.32% lower than the breaking strength for dried products (14.28 MPa). In comparison to the dry specimens, the bending strength of hybrids with 1.5% SiO2 that were immersed in water for 500, 1000, and 2000 h decreased by 2.56%, 5.21%, and 9.65%, respectively. The storage modulus of the damp hybrids with 3% and 4.5 wt% SiO2 was higher than that of the dry samples in terms of their dynamic mechanical properties. While the inclusion of nano-SiO2 significantly reduced water absorption and moisture diffusion, especially for hybrid materials with 4.5 weight percent SiO2, the water-absorption behaviour of hybrid natural fiber materials followed the Fickian law. With prolonged exposure time, the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite, both with and without nano-SiO2, such as ILSS and bending strength, declined. Due to the effective distribution of filler in the matrices, the samples with 4.5 weight percent SiO2 exhibited the smallest drop in strengths for both the flexural and interlaminar examinations, although all of them remained stronger than the CGF blends. The outcomes of the study point to potential applications in areas such as automobile manufacture, agriculture, construction, and general manufacturing.
High-temperature reduction thermochemistry of SrVO3−δ
Authors: Ghose Krishna K , Liu Yun , Frankcombe Terry J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cubic SrVO3 perovskite oxide is an attractive candidate for high-temperature energy applications due to its favorable features such as multiple oxidation state cations, high structural and thermal stabilities, ability to accommodate a large number of oxygen vacancies, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, the temperature-dependent reduction properties of SrVO3 have been studied using accurate first-principles calculations to reveal the effects of oxygen vacancies and temperature on the reduction potential of SrVO3−δ
, δ = 0–0.125. The reduction potential of SrVO3−δ
was found to be significantly impacted by increasing oxygen vacancy concentration and temperature. Analysis of the electronic and vibrational properties of SrVO3−δ
for differing δ revealed the origin of this reduction behavior. The electronic structure analysis shows that the reduction of SrVO3−δ
upon oxygen vacancy formation is highly localized to the neighboring V4+ t2g states in the vicinity of the oxygen defect, irrespective of δ. A comparison of the vibrational density of states of defect-free and reduced SrVO3 demonstrated that the ionic contributions to the phonon density of states, and hence to the thermal contributions to the SrVO3−δ
lattices, were significantly altered by the introduction of oxygen vacancies, which ultimately impacted the temperature-dependent reduction behavior of SrVO3−δ
.
The NICHD Fetal 3D Study: A Pregnancy Cohort Study of Fetal Body Composition and Volumes
Authors: Grantz Katherine L , Lee Wesley , Chen Zhen , Hinkle Stefanie , Mack Lauren , Cortes Magdalena Sanz , Goncalves Luis F , Espinoza Jimmy , Gore-Langton Robert E , Sherman Seth , He Dian , Zhang Cuilin , Grewal Jagteshwar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There’s a paucity of robust normal fractional limb and organ volume standards from a large and diverse ethnic population. The Fetal 3D Study was designed to develop research and clinical applications for fetal soft tissue and organ volume assessment. The NICHD Fetal Growth Studies (2009–2013) collected 2D and 3D fetal volumes. In the Fetal 3D Study (2015–2019), sonographers performed longitudinal 2D and 3D measurements for specific fetal anatomical structures in research ultrasounds of singletons and dichorionic twins. The primary aim was to establish standards for fetal body composition and organ volumes, overall and by maternal race/ethnicity, and determine whether these standards vary for twins versus singletons. We describe the study design, methods, and details about reviewer training. Basic characteristics of this cohort, with their corresponding distributions of fetal 3D measurements by anatomical structure, are summarized. This investigation is responsive to critical data gaps in understanding serial changes in fetal subcutaneous fat, lean body mass, and organ volume in association with pregnancy complications. In the future, this cohort can answer critical questions regarding the potential influence of maternal characteristics, lifestyle factors, nutrition, and biomarker and chemical data on longitudinal measures of fetal subcutaneous fat, lean body mass, and organ volumes.
Relative Role of Age Groups and Indoor Environments in Influenza Transmission Under Different Urbanization Rates in China
Authors: Lei Hao , Zhang Nan , Xiao Shenglan , Zhuang Linan , Yang Xueze , Chen Tao , Yang Lei , Wang Dayan , Li Yuguo , Shu Yuelong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Exploring the relative role of different indoor environments in respiratory infections transmission remains unclear, which is crucial for developing targeted nonpharmaceutical interventions. In this study, a total of 2,583,441 influenza-like illness cases tested from 2010 to 2017 in China were identified. An agent-based model was built and calibrated with the surveillance data, to assess the roles of 3 age groups (children &lt;19 years, younger adults 19–60 years, older adults &gt;60 years) and 4 types of indoor environments (home, schools, workplaces, and community areas) in influenza transmission by province with varying urbanization rates. When the urbanization rates increased from 35% to 90%, the proportion of children aged &lt;19 years among influenza cases decreased from 76% to 45%. Additionally, we estimated that infections originating from children decreased from 95.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 92.7, 97.5) to 59.3% (95% CI: 49.8, 68.7). Influenza transmission in schools decreased from 80.4% (95% CI: 76.5, 84.3) to 36.6% (95% CI: 20.6, 52.5), while transmission in the community increased from 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9, 2.8) to 45.4% (95% CI: 35.9, 54.8). With increasing urbanization rates, community areas and younger adults contributed more to infection transmission. These findings could help the development of targeted public health policies. This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology.
This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology.
Impact of a systematic framework for anticipatory compounding on medication waste reduction in a mid-size community hospital
Authors: Toraño Michael , Agbara Echefula , Makanji Bharat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose
In current hospital pharmacy practice, the need to compound medications ahead of patient orders often results in an increase in medication waste. The purpose of this study was to implement a strategic approach for anticipatory sterile compounding and evaluate its effect on the reduction of expired medication waste.

Methods
This was a pre-/post-intervention quasi-experimental study with 3 weeks of data collection for both arms and a 1-week washout period to implement process changes. A par log was placed on the medication storage refrigerator used for anticipatory compounding, with minimum and maximum levels determined by the demand-forecasting model. The primary outcome was the percentage of observations associated with waste. The secondary outcomes were the overall percentage of sterile compounding spending attributable to waste, median wasted dollars per sterile compounded product, and median dollars spent per sterile product compounded as anticipatory stock. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Minitab version 20, with the α level set to 0.05.

Results
A total of 4,619 observations were included in the analysis: 2,433 in the preintervention group and 2,186 in the postintervention group. Despite the median price being higher in the postintervention group than in the preintervention group, both the primary and secondary outcomes indicated that waste was reduced following the intervention.

Conclusion
Overall, implementation of the framework reduced sterile products waste at our institution. More research is needed to evaluate the effects of this framework at institutions of different sizes and with different patient populations. Further research on probabilistic models for sterile compounded products is also needed.