bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of transfer learning techniques for the prediction of PM10
Authors: Poelzl Michael , Kern Roman , Kecorius Simonas , Lovrić Mario 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Modelling of pollutants provides valuable insights into air quality dynamics, aiding exposure assessment where direct measurements are not viable. Machine learning (ML) models can be employed to explore such dynamics, including the prediction of air pollution concentrations, yet demanding extensive training data. To address this, techniques like transfer learning (TL) leverage knowledge from a model trained on a rich dataset to enhance one trained on a sparse dataset, provided there are similarities in data distribution. In our experimental setup, we utilize meteorological and pollutant data from multiple governmental air quality measurement stations in Graz, Austria, supplemented by data from one station in Zagreb, Croatia to simulate data scarcity. Common ML models such as Random Forests, Multilayer Perceptrons, Long-Short-Term Memory, and Convolutional Neural Networks are explored to predict particulate matter in both cities. Our detailed analysis of PM10 suggests that similarities between the cities and the meteorological features exist and can be further exploited. Hence, TL appears to offer a viable approach to enhance PM10 predictions for the Zagreb station, despite the challenges posed by data scarcity. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of different TL techniques to improve particulate matter prediction on transferring a ML model trained from all stations of Graz and transferred to Zagreb. Through our investigation, we discovered that selectively choosing time spans based on seasonal patterns not only aids in reducing the amount of data needed for successful TL but also significantly improves prediction performance. Specifically, training a Random Forest model using data from all measurement stations in Graz and transferring it with only 20% of the labelled data from Zagreb resulted in a 22% enhancement compared to directly testing the trained model on Zagreb.
Optimal network sizes for most robust Turing patterns
Authors: Shaberi Hazlam S. Ahmad , Kappassov Aibek , Matas-Gil Antonio , Endres Robert G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many cellular patterns exhibit a reaction-diffusion component, suggesting that Turing instability may contribute to pattern formation. However, biological gene-regulatory pathways are more complex than simple Turing activator-inhibitor models and generally do not require fine-tuning of parameters as dictated by the Turing conditions. To address these issues, we employ random matrix theory to analyze the Jacobian matrices of larger networks with robust statistical properties. Our analysis reveals that Turing patterns are more likely to occur by chance than previously thought and that the most robust Turing networks have an optimal size, consisting of only a handful of molecular species, thus significantly increasing their identifiability in biological systems. Broadly speaking, this optimal size emerges from a trade-off between the highest stability in small networks and the greatest instability with diffusion in large networks. Furthermore, we find that with multiple immobile nodes, differential diffusion ceases to be important for Turing patterns. Our findings may inform future synthetic biology approaches and provide insights into bridging the gap to complex developmental pathways.
Magmatic evolution of the Kikai caldera revealed by zircon triple dating and its chemistry
Authors: Ito Hisatoshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reconstructing the volcanic history of the Kikai caldera, a large active volcano that produced a ~ 160 km3 eruption at 7.3 ka off the southern coast of Kyushu Island (southwest Japan), is crucial to assess potential future volcanic hazards at both regional and global scales. However, revealing its volcanic history before the 7.3 ka eruption has been challenging due to the caldera being mostly submerged. In this study, we present evidence that the Kikai caldera erupted a geochemically distinct silicic lava at ~ 250 ka by using zircon triple (U-Pb, Th-Pb, U-Th) dating and its chemistry. The presence of 1.5–1.0 Ma zircons in the 7.3 ka eruption deposits suggests that zircon crystallization in the Kikai caldera began during this period. We further infer large eruptions occurred around 0.7–0.6 Ma, suggesting that the Kikai caldera may have experienced at least 5 major eruptions during its 1.0–1.5-million-year magmatic evolution.
Systemic IFN-I combined with topical TLR7/8 agonists promotes distant tumor suppression by c-Jun-dependent IL-12 expression in dendritic cells
Authors: Sanlorenzo Martina , Novoszel Philipp , Vujic Igor , Gastaldi Tommaso , Hammer Martina , Fari Ourania , De Sa Fernandes Cristiano , Landau Alina D. , Göcen-Oguz Bilge V. , Holcmann Martin , Monshi Babak , Rappersberger Klemens , Csiszar Agnes , Sibilia Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) activation by pattern recognition receptors like Toll-like-receptors (TLRs) is crucial for cancer immunotherapies. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the TLR7/8 agonist imiquimod (IMQ) in treating both local tumors and distant metastases. Administered orally, IMQ activates plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) to produce systemic type I interferons (IFN-I) required for TLR7/8 upregulation in DCs and macrophages, sensitizing them to topical IMQ treatment, which is essential for therapeutic efficacy. The mechanism involves c-Jun/AP-1 mediating TLR7/8 signaling in IFN-I-primed DCs, upregulating the pDC-recruiting chemokine CCL2 and the anti-angiogenic cytokine interleukin-12, which suppresses VEGF-A production leading to tumor necrosis and regression. Combining topical and systemic IMQ or IFN-I generates a CD8+ T cell-dependent response at metastatic sites, reinforced by PD-1 blockade, leading to long-lasting memory. Analysis of cohorts of patients with melanoma demonstrates DC-specific TLR7/8 upregulation by IFN-I, supporting the translational potential of combining systemic IFN-I and topical IMQ to improve immunotherapy of topically accessible tumors.
Increase in Maximum Sustainable Yield in Multi-patch Rosenzweig-Macarthur predator-prey model
Authors: Moussaoui Ali , Auger Pierre , Elbetch Bilal 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we formulate a Rosenzweig-MacArthur (RM) predator–prey model incorporating the dispersal of both prey and predator among n discrete habitat patches. We assume that only the predator is harvested and not its prey, growing logistically on each site. Our aim is to investigate whether the total catch in a system of interconnected patches through migration can surpass the sum of the optimal catch from n isolated patches, known as the maximum sustainable yield (MSY). We start by revisiting some fundamental properties of the RM model examining the stability of its equilibrium points. We then analyze the MSY for a single patch, deriving conditions on the fishing effort required to achieve MSY. Next, we consider the MSY of the RM model for both separated and connected patches, and provide different answers to the aforementioned question for different cases. In the homogeneous case with symmetric movement between patches, we show that the total yield at MSY for the interconnected system is equivalent to the sum of the yields at MSY for each isolated patch. In the heterogeneous case, we show that the total MSY for the connected patches can surpass the sum of the MSY for each isolated patch.
Cardiac Radiomics Analyses in Times of Photon-counting Computed Tomography for Personalized Risk Stratification in the Present and in the Future
Authors: Ayx Isabelle , Bauer Rouven , Schönberg Stefan O , Hertel Alexander 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe need for effective early detection and optimal therapy monitoring of cardiovascular diseases as the leading cause of death has led to an adaptation of the guidelines with a focus on cardiac computed tomography (CCTA) in patients with a low to intermediate risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In particular, the introduction of photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) in CT diagnostics promises significant advances through higher temporal and spatial resolution, and also enables advanced texture analysis, known as radiomics analysis. Originally developed in oncological imaging, radiomics analysis is increasingly being used in cardiac imaging and research. The aim is to generate imaging biomarkers that improve the early detection of cardiovascular diseases and therapy monitoring.The present study summarizes the current developments in cardiac CT texture analysis with a particular focus on evaluations of PCCT data sets in different regions, including the myocardium, coronary plaques, and pericoronary/epicardial fat tissue.These developments could revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and significantly improve patient prognoses worldwide. The aim of this review article is to shed light on the current state of radiomics research in cardiovascular imaging and to identify opportunities for establishing it in clinical routine in the future.
Surface receptor-targeted protein-based nanocarriers for drug delivery: advances in cancer therapy
Authors: Theivendren Panneerselvam , Pavadai Parasuraman , Veerachamy Suganthan , Palanisamy Ponnusamy , Kunjiappan Selvaraj 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Significant progress has been made in cancer therapy with protein-based nanocarriers targeted directly to surface receptors for drug delivery. The nanocarriers are a potentially effective solution for the potential drawbacks of traditional chemotherapy, such as lack of specificity, side effects, and development resistance. Peptides as nanocarriers have been designed based on their biocompatible, biodegradable, and versatile functions to deliver therapeutic agents into cancer cells, reduce systemic toxicity, and maximize therapy efficacy through utilizing targeted ligands such as antibodies, amino acids, vitamins, and other small molecules onto protein-based nanocarriers and thus ensuring that drugs selectively accumulate in the cancer cells instead of healthy organs/drug release at a target site without effects on normal cells, which inherently caused less systemic toxicity/off-target effect. Moreover, their intrinsic protein backbone naturally degrades in vivo, providing another level of safety over synthetic materials. Various issues like immunogenicity, mass production, and quality control must be addressed for widespread use. However, further studies are necessary to perfect protein engineering and improve drug loading, protein modification, and targeting. Thus, it can be concluded that protein-based nanocarriers targeted against the surface receptors would help achieve cancer management in a more focused manner, thus minimizing toxicity. The further development of these nanoparticles could bring a significant change in cancer treatment so that more personalized, targeted, and safe therapies would be available to all patients.
Enhanced multi-keV x-ray emission with a low-coherence laser
Authors: Zhou Xichen , Liu Huiya , Kang Ning , Wang Ruirong , Hu Guangyue , Zhang Jiyan , Tu Shaoyong , Zhao Yao , Xu Guoxiao , An Honghai , Xie Zhiyong , Fang Zhiheng , Wang Wei , Lei Anle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multi-keV x-rays are essential for diagnostic applications in inertial confinement fusion and high energy density physics. In this paper, enhancement of the multi-keV x-ray emission is achieved by using a low-coherence green laser to irradiate Ti foil targets at a fractional bandwidth of 0.6%. Compared to the widely used narrowband lasers, the above broadband laser generated 17%–23% more intense He-like alpha x-rays of Ti in the experiments at laser intensities of 4–6 × 1014 W cm-2. The improved laser absorption due to the reduction of stimulated Brillouin scattering introduced by the bandwidth is responsible for the enhancement of x-ray emission. The results suggest a promising application of broadband lasers on x-ray generations and further diagnostics.
Scalar bosons in Bonnor-Melvin-Λ universe: exact solution, Landau levels and Coulomb-like potential
Authors: Barbosa L G , Barros C C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this work, we study spin-0 particles in a spacetime whose structure is determined by a homogeneous magnetic field and a cosmological constant. For this purpose, we take into account a framework based on the Bonnor-Melvin solution with the inclusion of the cosmological constant. We write the Klein–Gordon equation, solve it, and determine the Landau levels. The effects of scalar and vector potentials are considered, and we investigate the influence of the parameters of the theory on the results, which present observable effects. The implications of the physics of a stellar model based on this framework are also discussed.
Metal-insulator transition in MnS
Authors: Chernov Evgenii D , Lukoyanov Alexey V 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, we have studied phase transitions in the cubic (α-MnS) and hexagonal (γ-MnS) structures of MnS under pressure in the framework of theoretical calculations, accounting for electron correlations in the manganese ions. The value of the band gap is found to be about 2 eV for the chosen approach. We theoretically demonstrate that the insulator-metal phase transition may occur in both cubic and hexagonal structures of MnS under uniform compression. The magnetic moments of manganese were also calculated depending on the value of the Coulomb interaction parameter and lattice volume. The value of the magnetic moments reaches 4.41–4.59 μ
B for the certain conditions. Finally, the spin transition of the manganese ions from the high-spin to the low-spin state under high pressure was found.
Enhancing Planck All-Sky Maps through Fourier Transform-Based Smoothing
Authors: Saowanit Grit , Wechakama Maneenate , Sawangwit Utane 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The microwave wavelength range of the sky encompasses a rich variety of astro-physical signals, including emissions from the Galactic interstellar medium and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The Planck satellite has significantly contributed to capturing these signals, providing a vast dataset in its Public Data Release 3 (PR3). This study focuses on the effective processing of this data, which consists of approximately 12.5 million points, through a binning method that reduces the data to 64,800 points, thus enhancing the efficiency of subsequent analysis. To further improve the signal quality, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied, enabling noise reduction and smoothing of the data. The methodology highlights the transformation of intensity measurements to an astrophysically relevant format and the application of locally adaptive filtering techniques in the Fourier domain. The study specifically evaluates the performance of fitting a 2-dimensional Lorentzian model to both binned and FFT-processed maps, revealing that FFT maps demonstrate superior fitting efficiency with lower reduced chi-square values and reduced processing times. These results indicate the efficacy of FFT in enhancing data quality for analyzing large-scale structures within the all-sky map, ultimately facilitating a more accurate understanding of underlying astrophysical phenomena.
Bandwidth Analysis for a Combined Horizontal and Vertical Correcting Magnet for Siam Photon Source II
Authors: Tangyotkhajorn Warissara , Sunwong Prapaiwan , Prawanta Supachai , Sudmuang Porntip , Phacheerak Wiwek , Leetha Thongchai , Naeosuphap Sakdinan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bandwidth analysis is performed for the corrector magnet to meet the transversal electron beam stability and low emittance requirement of Siam Photon Source II. The magnet will operate as a Slow and Fast Orbit Feedback system (SOFB and FOFB), where the fast correction rate is 10 kHz. The bandwidth is investigated for the isolated solid and laminated iron yoke magnets, the chamber, and the magnet-chamber system. Eddy current of the magnet pole and yoke as well as the chamber are observed during ac-excitation, leading to losses. With CST Studio Suite, optimization of the lamination sheet stacking factor, vacuum chamber thickness, and vacuum chamber material are performed and reported. The net bandwidth of the magnet-chamber system is determined to be 41 kHz.
Indirect control of 13C nuclear spin in nitrogen vacancy center in diamond
Authors: Saego Kritsana , Sangtawesin Sorawis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond is one of the solid-state spin systems that can be manipulated as a qubit for quantum computing. However, scaling up the system to perform as a quantum register is challenging due to weak dipole interaction between two NV centers. On the other hand, 13C nuclear spins that reside within the diamond lattice can be used as additional qubits for scaling up the system, as they have hyperCine interactions with the NV center electronic spin. In general, nuclear spins exhibit a longer coherence time compared to the electron spin due to the lower gyromagnetic ratio. Nevertheless, this weak interaction also makes it difficult to directly control the nuclear spin via RF transition. In this work, we demonstrated a scheme to control and observe the dynamics of nuclear spin with a hyperCine splitting of 6.5 MHz using an indirect pulse sequence that operated only the electron spin in absence of any RF signal. Our results reveal a nuclear spin free precession with a gyromagnetic ratio of 6.9 ± 0.1 kHz/Gauss. Furthermore, one can observe the nuclear spin phase accumulation in electronic spin m

s
= - 1 manifold and show the reduced contrast results from incomplete population transfer during the operation.
Laser frequency stabilization using Pound-Drever-Hall technique for Yb+ atomic clock experiment
Authors: Paensin N , Kaewuam R , Phoonthong P , Chattrapiban N , Thaicharoen N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The precise stabilization of laser frequencies is crucial for various applications in atomic physics, particularly in atomic clock experiments and ion cooling. The Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is a technique for locking laser frequencies to high-finesse optical cavities, ensuring exceptional frequency stability. This study focuses on designing an optical cavity as well as implementing the PDH technique to stabilize a 369-nm laser, essential for ytterbium ion (Yb+) cooling in atomic clock experiments. The results show that the 369-nm laser can maintain stability within a range of 5 MHz within 12 minutes, leading to effective stabilization for practical applications.
Search for additional Higgs bosons in fermionic final states with the CMS experiment
Authors: Chokeprasert Punnawich , Asawatangtrakuldee Chayanit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A search for additional Higgs boson in gluon-fusion production (ggϕ) and association production with at least one additional b quark (bϕ/

b

b
¯

ϕ

), in fermionic final states (

b

b
¯

, µ
+
µ
−, τ
+
τ
−) is performed using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were collected during 2016 - 2018 by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The new scalar bosons are predicted by various beyond standard model (BSM) theories, such as the two Higgs doublet models (2HDMs) and the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM). These models are the simplest extension of the standard model by one additional scalar field, resulting to five physical states of the Higgs boson, which are three neutral Higgs bosons (ϕ represents h,H,A), and two charged Higgs bosons H± . The production and decay modes allow the CMS experiment to search for additional neutral boson in the mass range of 60 GeV and up to 3500 GeV. The background processes considered include Drell-Yan (DY) process, heavy-flavor QCD multijet process, and single and pair production of t quarks, depending on the final state. No significant excess above the standard model (SM) processes is observed. Finally, the report provides model-independent upper limits at 95% confidence level on the pp → ϕ + X and pp → bφ/

b

b
¯

ϕ

+ X cross-sections in three fermionic final states,

b

b
¯

, µ
+
µ
−, τ
+
τ
−, separately.
L-I-H transition dynamics in magnetically confined plasma
Authors: Aungcharoen T , Ruffolo D , Klaywittaphat P , Chatthong B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The understanding of fundamental dynamics during the transition from low to high confinement mode in magnetically confined plasma is significant. This process requires a certain amount of external power to initiate the transition. In this work, we utilize a primitive model to study the dynamics of the transition with the preceding limit-cycle oscillation during power ramp-up. In addition, we show that the increasing linear zonal flow damping rate delays the onset of transitions and extends the duration of the oscillatory phase, suggesting the external particle injection leads to a delay of transition and power threshold upshift.
Development of humanoid robot joint module based on high-order tooth contour surface
Authors: Wang Yanzhong , Wang Zhiyong , Li Qiuliang , Lu Boji , Meng Zhaojun , Li Xianggang , Nie Shuoshuo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Joint modules are widely used in the field of humanoid robots because of their high energy density, large reduction ratio, and high corner accuracy. As a key driving component of robots, the high torque, high-precision control, and large reduction ratio of articulated modules have become a difficult problem to limit its application, so the design of the structure of articulated module reducer is of great significance to improve the precision and efficiency. Through the design of a double internal meshing structure based on a high-order tooth contour surface, combined with the design of a control module and overall module, a joint module for a humanoid robot is developed. The results show that the joint module has an angle error of about 0.4° and an efficiency of about 88% under the load of 50N-m, which has good precision and high efficiency under heavy load. It provides a reference for the development of the future application of humanoid robots.
Composite nonlinear feedback control for MEMS torsional mirror system with fast integral sliding mode
Authors: Cheng Yingjie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control approach and fast integral sliding mode (FISM) to improve the MEMS torsional mirror system’s convergence rate and disturbance rejection abilities. The controller design takes actuator saturation and bounded disturbances into account. A novel reaching law is developed to get an enhanced rate of the sliding mode surface. This method can also effectively overcome the chattering issue. The designed control method can enable the controlled system to exhibit enhanced transient capability with disturbance suppression ability. The validity of CNF-FISM in terms of convergence rate and disturbance rejection abilities in comparison with CNF and CNF-ISM is demonstrated by simulation results.