bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Hypoxia Using Machine Learning: Systematic Review
Authors: Pigat Lena , Geisler Benjamin P , Sheikhalishahi Seyedmostafa , Sander Julia , Kaspar Mathias , Schmutz Maximilian , Rohr Sven Olaf , Wild Carl Mathis , Goss Sebastian , Zaghdoudi Sarra , Hinske Ludwig Christian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypoxia is an important risk factor and indicator for the declining health of inpatients. Predicting future hypoxic events using machine learning is a prospective area of study to facilitate time-critical interventions to counter patient health deterioration.

Objective
This systematic review aims to summarize and compare previous efforts to predict hypoxic events in the hospital setting using machine learning with respect to their methodology, predictive performance, and assessed population.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed using Web of Science, Ovid with Embase and MEDLINE, and Google Scholar. Studies that investigated hypoxia or hypoxemia of hospitalized patients using machine learning models were considered. Risk of bias was assessed using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool.

Results
After screening, a total of 12 papers were eligible for analysis, from which 32 models were extracted. The included studies showed a variety of population, methodology, and outcome definition. Comparability was further limited due to unclear or high risk of bias for most studies (10/12, 83%). The overall predictive performance ranged from moderate to high. Based on classification metrics, deep learning models performed similar to or outperformed conventional machine learning models within the same studies. Models using only prior peripheral oxygen saturation as a clinical variable showed better performance than models based on multiple variables, with most of these studies (2/3, 67%) using a long short-term memory algorithm.

Conclusions
Machine learning models provide the potential to accurately predict the occurrence of hypoxic events based on retrospective data. The heterogeneity of the studies and limited generalizability of their results highlight the need for further validation studies to assess their predictive performance.
Pembuatan Kue Bolu Menggunakan Tepung Kacang Hijau
Authors: Arsa I Wayan Santya , Sudarmawan I Wayan Eka 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian Kualitas kue bolu berbahan dasar tepung kacang hijau adalah untuk mengetahui Kualitas kue bolu berbahan tepung kacang hijau ditinjau dari segi rasa, aroma, tekstur dan warna, kemudian untuk mengetahui daya tahan serta menganalisis seberapa besar biaya yang diperlukan dalam pembuatan kue bolu menggunakan tepung kacang hijau. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metodelogi eksperimen, dengan membuat kue bolu menggunakan tepung kacang hijau, kemudian diuji oleh 15 panelis dengan tes organoleptik, observasi dan analisis biaya. Hasil penelitian ini berupa Kualitas kue bolu menggunakan tepung kacang hijau adalah enak dari segi rasa, beraroma wangi, tekstur yang lembut serta memiliki penampilan yang menarik. Dari hasil uji daya tahan kue bolu menggunakan tepung kacang hijau, mampu bertahan 2 hari. Dari hasil analisis biaya dalam pembuatan kue bolu menggunakan tepung kacang hijau membutuhkan biaya Rp. 2.486 per pcs

The purpose of the research on the quality of sponge cakes made from mung bean flour is to determine the quality of sponge cakes made from mung bean flour in terms of taste, aromatic, texture and colour, then to find out durability and analyze how much cost is needed in making sponge cakes using mung bean flour. In this study, the authors use an experimental metghode, by making sponge cakes using mung bean flour, then tested by 15 panelist with organoleptic test, observation, and cost analysis. The result of this study in the form of the quality of sponge cakes using mung bean flour are delicious in terms of taste, fragnant aroma, soft texture and have an attractive appearance. From the result of the test of the durability of sponge cake using mung bean flour, it can last 2 days. From the result of the cost analysis in making sponge cakes using mung bean flour, it costs Rp. 13,350 per serving.
Peranan Housekeeping dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Tamu di Hotel
Authors: Kusuma I Ketut Bayu Jaya , Semara I Made Trisna 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan housekeeping dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan terhadap tamu di Hotel W Bali Seminyak, apa saja faktor-faktor penyebab peranan hosekeeping kurang optimal dan cara meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan housekeeping di Hotel W Bali Seminyak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peranan yang housekeeping dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di Hotel W Seminyak Bali dikatakan sudah cukup bagus. Terdapat beberapa kekurangan yang terjadi dengan intensitas yang jarang, disebabkan karena ketidaktelitian, tidak adanya pengecekan ulang terhadap hasil kerja housekeeper, kerja yang sulit dilakukan karena banyak tamu yang berlalu lalang, penggunaan alat yang tidak efisien dan tidak terpenuhinya pelayanan bukti fisik berupa penampilan housekeeping. Hal yang dapat dilakukan oleh pihak hotel agar kualitas pelayanan dapat meningkat dengan melakukan pengecekan selepas penyelesaian tugas oleh staf housekeeping, pembersihan yang dilakukan secara berkala dan konsisten, mengganti alat dengan yang lebih efisien dan lebih memperhatikan dan memenuhi seluruh indikator dari kualitas pelayanan.

The purpose of this study was to find out how the role of housekeeping in improving the quality of service to guests at Hotel W Bali Seminyak, what are the factors that cause the role of hosekeeping to be less than optimal and how to improve the quality of housekeeping services at Hotel W Bali Seminyak. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collected using interview, observation and documentation techniques. Data analysis through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the role of housekeeping in improving service quality at Hotel W Seminyak Bali is said to be quite good. There are several deficiencies that occur with infrequent intensity, caused by inaccuracy, no double-checking of the housekeeper’s work, work that is difficult to do because many guests are passing by, inefficient use of tools and non-fulfillment of physical evidence services in the form of housekeeping appearances. Things that can be done by the hotel so that the quality of service can increase by checking after the completion of tasks by housekeeping staff, cleaning is carried out regularly and consistently, replacing tools with more efficient and more attentive and fulfilling all indicators of service quality.
Epidemiology and Prognostic Implications of Coronary Artery Calcium in Asymptomatic Individuals With Prediabetes: A Multicohort Study
Authors: Al Rifai Mahmoud , Al-Mallah Mouaz H. , Blaha Michael J. , Patel Jaideep , McEvoy John W. , Nasir Khurram , Shahid Izza , Patel Kershaw V. , Sharma Garima , Marrugat Jaume , Tizon-Marcos Helena , Erbel Raimund , Stang Andreas , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Lehmann Nils , Schramm Sara , Schmidt Börge , Blumenthal Roger S. , Virani Salim S. , Nambi Vijay , Cainzos-Achirica Miguel 
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE
To describe the epidemiology and prognostic value of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in individuals with prediabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We pooled participants free of clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) from four prospective cohorts: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, Framingham Heart Study, and Jackson Heart Study. Two definitions were used for prediabetes: inclusive (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≥100 to &lt;126 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ≥5.7% to &lt;6.5%, if available, and no glucose-lowering medications) and restrictive (FPG ≥110 to &lt;126 mg/dL and HbA1c ≥5.7% to &lt;6.5%, if available, among participants not taking glucose-lowering medications).

RESULTS
The study included 13,376 participants (mean age 58 years; 54% women; 57% White; 27% Black). The proportions with CAC ≥100 were 17%, 22%, and 37% in those with euglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. Over a median (25th–75th percentile) follow-up time of 14.6 (interquartile range 7.8–16.4) years, individuals with prediabetes and CAC ≥100 had a higher unadjusted 10-year incidence of ASCVD (13.4%) than the overall group of those with diabetes (10.6%). In adjusted analyses, using the inclusive definition of prediabetes, compared with euglycemia, the hazard ratios (HRs) for ASCVD were 0.79 (95% CI 0.62, 1.01) for prediabetes and CAC 0, 0.70 (0.54, 0.89) for prediabetes and CAC 1–99, 1.54 (1.27, 1.88) for prediabetes and CAC ≥100, and 1.64 (1.39, 1.93) for diabetes. Using the restrictive definition, the HR for ASCVD was 1.63 (1.29, 2.06) for prediabetes and CAC ≥100.

CONCLUSIONS
CAC ≥100 is frequent among individuals with prediabetes and identifies a high ASCVD risk subgroup in which the adjusted ASCVD risk is similar to that in individuals with diabetes.
Types of Argumentation in Editorials
Authors: Nikonova E. A. 
Published: February 2024

This article explores argumentation in the genre of editorials. The objective was to determine the frequency of different types of argumentation used in this genre, which can shed light on the balance between objective and subjective elements. It was found that editorials exhibit a balance between strong and weak argumentation, with 41% and 55.6% respectively (3.4% accounted for insufficient argumentation). The dominance of weak argumentation can be attributed to the specific nature of editorials, which aim to present the editorial board’s opinion and influence readers. The genre under study is a powerful tool in media warfare and shaping societal beliefs and values. The minimal percentage of insufficient argumentation indicates a desire to refrain from overt manipulation. The relatively high percentage of strong argumentation in a genre categorized as ‘opinion’ is also explained by the functional aspect of editorials: since the genre transmits institutional opinions with the intention of influencing public views, it is necessary to maintain authority and a high level of credibility in the information provided. Strong arguments in this genre include references to facts, data from authoritative sources including statistics, experimental results, references to public opinion, and common sense. Weak arguments include personal opinions, speculations, predictions, intuition, references to sources that are not definitive authorities in the field, conclusions based on incomplete statistical data and facts with no obvious connection.
Rumors and Conspiracy Theories in Bulgarian Social Media During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Petkova D. 
Published: February 2024

This study examines the socio-psychological phenomenon of rumors during the global pandemic of 2020-2022, focusing on the case of Bulgaria. Messages from a closed online group (254 participants) with a thematic profile related to traditional remedies were analyzed. Content analysis revealed the most prevalent beliefs about the COVID-19 pandemic, such as “10% of vaccinated individuals will die within 5 years” and “the pandemic is aimed at destroying small businesses,” among others. It is argued that rumors and conspiracy theories thrive during times of social crisis and uncertainty. Moreover, it is highlighted that individuals often tend to hold onto false beliefs even when presented with evidence that contradicts them. The study concludes that four factors play a significant role in maintaining misconceptions: (1) the need to reduce stress, (2) low levels of education, (3) cultural memory and traumatic past experiences that shape present judgments, and (4) the phenomenon of mental schemas, making it harder for individuals to change their established beliefs and opinions. These four factors contribute to people’s resistance to accepting new information that contradicts their familiar mental schemas. By providing accurate information and facilitating open discussions about existing misconceptions, communication specialists can help counter conspiracy theories that undermine the efforts of governments and public institutions.
Public Discussion in Russia on Foreign Automobile Purchases and Import Substitution during First World War
Authors: Ivanov A. A. 
Published: February 2024

The article examines the issue of Russian automobile transport’s dependence on foreign purchases during the First World War and the absence of a developed domestic automotive industry. For the first time, this question is explored through the prism of discussions held at public organization meetings, in the State Duma, and in the pages of periodicals. Special attention is paid to the importance of automobiles during the war, criticism of the existing situation in the automotive transport sector, the inadmissibility of its complete dependence on foreign states, and the necessity of import substitution through the creation of domestic automobile plants and related enterprises. New sources are introduced into the scholarly discourse, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of both the problems that have arisen in the field of automobile transport and their perception by Russian society. It is noted that, despite differences in approaches to organizing the domestic automotive industry, participants in the public discussion unanimously agreed on the need to overcome the situation that existed before the war, the inadmissibility of total dependence on foreign supplies in a matter of great importance to military affairs, and the urgency of developing national production of automobile transport on a state scale.
Urban Election System in Russia at End of 19th Century: Criticism in Provincial Periodicals
Authors: Sorokin A. A. 
Published: February 2024

The article provides a first-time examination of the evaluations of the urban election system in the Russian Empire during the period of 1890-1892, when the preparation and implementation of the new City Regulations were taking place. The study is based on materials from private provincial periodicals. The author highlights the essence and content of the criticism of the provincial press towards the institution of urban elections. The article presents the attitudes towards the issue of social composition of urban self-government bodies as revealed in the periodical press. Positions on the issue of suffrage and proposals for its expansion through tax and educational qualifications are identified. The analysis includes assessments of the national composition of city councils and urban administrations on the outskirts and within Jewish settlements. It demonstrates how the formation of parties based on national identity in urban self-government bodies was covered in the periodicals. Discussions on the merger of powers between the heads of administrative and executive bodies of urban self-government are examined. Satirical poems, which characterize the recorded attitude towards council members and provincial assemblies in pre-revolutionary Russia, who dishonestly perform their duties and disrupt city council meetings, are introduced into scholarly circulation. Satire targeting corrupt intentions of council members is also discussed.
Pragmatic determination ofas if(akoby)in ego-related contexts
Authors: Sokolová Jana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe impetus to write this paper was an analysis of the expressionas if(akoby) as a component of the “equivalence” principle and the determination of its legitimacy as a component of the “behavior” principle. The study is focused on the search for further connections between the verbal behavior of the speaker and the linguistic aspects ofas if(akoby) because it is used as a manifestation of motivated, ego-related and assertive verbal behavior.As if(akoby) can be viewed as: (a) a component of the principle of verbal behavior that attributes an egocentric meaning to the speaker’s behavior; (b) an egocentric expression of the hypotaxis with an implicit speaker and the semantics of circumstantial and characteristic contexts; (c) a pragmatic marker of the speaker’s ego-related interpretation of facts. Interpretation, which is grasped at the following two levels, is the methodological framework of the monitored aspects: (i) in the sense of the ego-related evaluation of a fact or event by the speaker, i.e. in the sense of participatory interpretation, and (ii) in the sense of explaining the verbal behavior of the speaker, i.e. in the sense of searching for the motives, intentions and goals that form the preconditions for his/her verbal behavior.
Heat-induced alterations in moisture-dependent repellency of water-repellent forest soils: A laboratory approach with Japanese Andosols
Authors: Perera H.T.M. , Mori Yasushi , Maeda Morihiro , Leelamanie D.A.L. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Soil water repellency (SWR) is a phenomenon that prevents the spontaneous wetting of numerous forest soils. It is a moisture-dependent characteristic, which disappears when soil moisture reaches near saturation. The heat generated during forest fires affects soil characteristics including SWR. The possibility of heat influencing moisture-dependent repellency (MDR) is not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different heating temperatures (HT) and exposure durations (ED) on MDR using water-repellent Japanese Cedar (CED) and Japanese Cypress (CYP) forest soils. Soil samples collected from 0–5 cm depth were exposed to heat separately at 50, 100, and 150 °C (H
T) for 1 h and 2 h durations (E
D). The MDR of heated and non-heated soils was determined using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test in a drying process. During the drying process of the tested soils, SWR appeared and then increased with drying to reach an extreme level (WDPT ≥3600 s) that persisted for a range of decreasing moisture contents, and declined to be non-repellent again (WDPT = 0 s). The critical moisture content at which soils become water-repellent with drying (CMC), the highest and the lowest moisture contents when soils showed maximum SWR (HMCmax and LMCmax, respectively), and the integrated area below the MDR curve (SWR) decreased with increasing HT in both CED and CYP soils. The moisture content at which soils become non-repellent again during drying, MCNR, was independent of the type of soil and heat treatment. The range of moisture contents between HMCmax and LMCmax, where soils show maximum SWR during drying, decreased with increasing HT, from 50 to 150 °C in CED and from 100–150 °C in CYP. The SWR showed strong positive linear correlations with CMC and HMCmax. The heat generated during wildfires can alter the MDR and all the related repellency parameters of water-repellent forest soils. SWR prevails over a narrower range of moisture contents in heated soil compared with non-heated soils. Further investigations with higher temperature levels using different soil types would be important for a comprehensive understanding of the heat impacts on MDR.
Tree morphology dependent transpiration reduction function of Schefflera arboricola for landfill cover restoration
Authors: Bordoloi Sanandam , Liao Jia-Xin , Ng Charles Wang Wai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Changes in hydrological processes and water resources required to sustain vegetation for ecological restoration of landfill covers and post mining sites in arid environments pose challenges in the context of extended droughts. Knowledge of actual threshold and wilting suction values based on tree morphological feature or plant age is essential for understanding the variation of root water uptake with drought stress and numerically predict the pore water pressure profile in root zone. The objective of this study is to quantify the transpiration reduction function (TRF; in terms of stomatal conductance (SC) and xylem sap flow (SF)) of Schefflera arboricola, considering the effects of tree morphology. Continuous drought condition was applied on the plant quantified with leaf area index (LAI) values at 0.5, 2 and 3.5, wherein each LAI represent tree age. The soil matric suction (ψ) and volumetric water content were measured by embedded sensors in the root zone. Based on the TRF obtained from SC values, a unique threshold suction (ψ
NTR
t) ranging from 30 to 50 kPa was identified. Beyond this ψ
NTR
t, measured leaf abscisic acid concentration increased up to 35 ng/mL, indicating the start of water stress avoidance mechanism. It is evident that ψ
NTR
t is independent of tree morphological parameter- leaf area to root length ratio (LA/RL). On the contrary, a threshold suction (ψ
SAP
t), depending on LA/RL ratio, can be determined, indicating the start of xylem cavitation. This ψ
SAP
t values ranging from 80 to 500 kPa depending on the LA/RL value, imply that the plant could significantly resist xylem embolization at higher LA/RL. In contrast, the plant with low LA/RL values have less tolerance of drought stress and hence low survivability. The results from this research study can be vital for devising and predicting plant available water in water scarce arid environments by a flux-based approach which is dependent on the tree age.
Experimental investigation of scour downstream of a type A trapezoidal piano key weir under free and submerged flow conditions
Authors: Bodaghi Elnaz , Abdi-Chooplou Chonoor , Ghodsian Masoud 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the scour downstream of a trapezoidal Piano key weir (PKW) is investigated under free and submerged flow conditions. For this purpose, an experimental model was used in a laboratory channel with a length of 10 m, width of 0.75 m, and height of 0.8 m at various discharges and tailwater depths. The results showed an increase and decrease in the maximum scour depth with an increase in the discharge and submergence ratio, respectively. In addition, increasing the particle Froude number enhanced the geometric features of the scour hole downstream of the PKW. The rate of bed changes slowed down over time. The average values of maximum scour depth, the distance of the maximum scour depth from the weir toe, maximum scour hole length and weir toe scour depth increased in the free flow compared to the submerged flow. The scour hole volume and scour hole area in the submerged flow were less compared to the free flow. The average maximum level of the sedimentary ridge in the free flow is less than the submerged flow. New equations for calculating the geometric characteristics of the scour hole downstream of the trapezoidal PKW are presented with acceptable accuracy.