bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of the effect of metabolic syndrome on outcomes due to acute respiratory distress syndrome: a protocol
Authors: Stone Gregory , Sisk Andre , Brown Margo , Corder Amy , Tea Kevin , Zu Yuanhao , Shaffer Jeff , Kashyap Rahul , Qadir Nida , Denson Joshua Lee 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition commonly seen in the intensive care unit. COVID-19 has dramatically increased the incidence of ARDS—with this rise in cases comes the ability to detect predisposing factors perhaps not recognised before, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated conditions (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus). In this systematic review, we seek to describe the complex relationship between MetS, its associated conditions and ARDS (including COVID-19 ARDS).Methods and analysisA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL and Web of Science will be conducted. The population of interest is adults with ARDS and MetS (as defined according to the study author recognising that MetS definitions vary) or any MetS-associated condition. The control group will be adult patients with ARDS without MetS or any individual MetS-associated condition. We will search studies published in English, with a date restriction from the year 2000 to June 2023 and employ the search phrases ‘metabolic syndrome’, ‘acute respiratory distress syndrome’ and related terms. Search terms including ‘dyslipidaemia’, ‘hypertension’, ‘diabetes mellitus’ and ‘obesity’ will also be utilised. Outcomes of interest will include mortality (in-hospital, ICU, 28-day, 60-day and 90-day), days requiring mechanical ventilation and hospital and/or ICU length of stay. Study bias will be assessed using the NIH Bias Scale.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required because this study includes previously published and publicly accessible data. Findings from this review will be disseminated via publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023405816.
Multidisciplinary tuberculosis care: leveraging the role of hospital pharmacists
Authors: Iskandar Deni , Pradipta Ivan S , Anggriani Ani , Postma Maarten J , van Boven Job F M 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionOptimal pharmacological treatment of tuberculosis (TB) requires a multidisciplinary team, yet the hospital pharmacist’s role is unclear. We aimed to analyse hospital pharmacist-provided clinical pharmacy services (CPS) implementation in TB care.MethodA nationwide survey-based online cross-sectional study was conducted on hospital pharmacists in Indonesia from 1 November 2022 to 22 November 2022. Outcomes were the extent of pharmacists’ involvement in multidisciplinary TB care, TB-related CPS provided and views on TB-related CPS. The probability of pharmacists’ involvement in multidisciplinary TB teams was assessed using logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 439 pharmacists (mean age 31.2±6.22 years, 78% female) completed the survey. Thirty-six per cent were part of multidisciplinary TB care, and 23% had TB-related tasks. Adherence monitoring (90%) and drug use evaluation (86%) were the most conducted TB-related CPS. Pharmacists’ views on TB-related CPS implementation were generally positive, except for financial incentives. Work experience (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.61), ever received TB-related training (OR 3.51, 95% CI 2.03 to 6.14) and specific assignments to provide TB-related CPS (OR 8.42, 95% CI 4.99 to 14.59) significantly increased pharmacist involvement in multidisciplinary TB care.ConclusionAround one-third of hospital pharmacists are part of multidisciplinary TB care, with medication adherence and drug use monitoring as primary tasks. Pharmacists’ experience, training, assignment to provide TB-related CPS and financial incentives are key elements for further implementation in multidisciplinary TB care. Pharmacists should proactively support current TB care and conduct operational research, sharing data with healthcare peers and fostering a collaborative multidisciplinary TB care team.
Local and distant response to intratumoral immunotherapy assessed by immunoPET in mice
Authors: Meyblum Louis , Chevaleyre Céline , Susini Sandrine , Jego Benoit , Deschamps Frederic , Kereselidze Dimitri , Bonnet Baptiste , Marabelle Aurelien , de Baere Thierry , Lebon Vincent , Tselikas Lambros , Truillet Charles 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundDespite the promising efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers (ICB), tumor resistance and immune-related adverse events hinder their success in cancer treatment. To address these challenges, intratumoral delivery of immunotherapies has emerged as a potential solution, aiming to mitigate side effects through reduced systemic exposure while increasing effectiveness by enhancing local bioavailability. However, a comprehensive understanding of the local and systemic distribution of ICBs following intratumoral administration, as well as their impact on distant tumors, remains crucial for optimizing their therapeutic potential.To comprehensively investigate the distribution patterns following the intratumoral and intravenous administration of radiolabeled anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and to assess its corresponding efficacy in both injected and non-injected tumors, we conducted an immunoPET imaging study.MethodsCT26 and MC38 syngeneic colorectal tumor cells were implanted subcutaneously on both flanks of Balb/c and C57Bl/6 mice, respectively. Hamster anti-mouse CTLA-4 antibody (9H10) labeled with zirconium-89 ([89Zr]9H10) was intratumorally or intravenously administered. Whole-body distribution of the antibody was monitored by immunoPET imaging (n=12 CT26 Balb/c mice, n=10 MC38 C57Bl/6 mice). Tumorous responses to injected doses (1–10 mg/kg) were correlated with specific uptake of [89Zr]9H10 (n=24). Impacts on the tumor microenvironment were assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.ResultsHalf of the dose was cleared into the blood 1 hour after intratumoral administration. Despite this, 7 days post-injection, 6–8% of the dose remained in the intratumoral-injected tumors. CT26 tumors with prolonged ICB exposure demonstrated complete responses. Seven days post-injection, the contralateral non-injected tumor uptake of the ICB was comparable to the one achieved through intravenous administration (7.5±1.7% ID.cm–3and 7.6±2.1% ID.cm–3, respectively) at the same dose in the CT26 model. This observation was confirmed in the MC38 model. Consistent intratumoral pharmacodynamic effects were observed in both intratumoral and intravenous treatment groups, as evidenced by a notable increase in CD8+T cells within the CT26 tumors following treatment.ConclusionsImmunoPET-derived pharmacokinetics supports intratumoral injection of ICBs to decrease systemic exposure while maintaining efficacy compared with intravenous. Intratumoral-ICBs lead to high local drug exposure while maintaining significant therapeutic exposure in non-injected tumors. This immunoPET approach is applicable for clinical practice to support evidence-based drug development.
Biomechanics in the onset and severity of spondyloarthritis: a force to be reckoned with
Authors: Iyer Priyanka , Hwang Mark , Ridley Lauren , Weisman Michael M 
Published: November 2023

Increasing evidence suggests that there is a pivotal role for physical force (mechanotransduction) in the initiation and/or the perpetuation of spondyloarthritis; the review contained herein examines that evidence. Furthermore, we know that damage and inflammation can limit spinal mobility, but is there a cycle created by altered spinal mobility leading to additional damage and inflammation?Over the past several years, mechanotransduction, the mechanism by which mechanical perturbation influences gene expression and cellular behaviour, has recently gained popularity because of emerging data from both animal models and human studies of the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this review, we provide evidence towards an appreciation of the unsolved paradigm of how biomechanical forces may play a role in the initiation and propagation of AS.
Precision mass measurement of $$^{173}$$Hf for nuclear structure of $$^{173}$$Lu and the $$\gamma $$ process
Authors: Jaries A. , Stryjczyk M. , Kankainen A. , Eronen T. , Ge Z. , Hukkanen M. , Moore I. D. , Mougeot M. , Raggio A. , Rattanasakuldilok W. , Ruotsalainen J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report on the precise mass measurement of the $$^{173}$$

173

Hf isotope performed at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line facility using the JYFLTRAP double Penning trap mass spectrometer. The new mass-excess value, $${\textrm{ME} = -55390.8(30)}$$

ME
=
-
55390.8
(
30
)

keV, is in agreement with the literature while being nine times more precise. The newly determined $$^{173}$$

173

Hf electron-capture Q value, $$Q_{EC} = 1490.2(34)$$

Q

EC

=
1490.2

(
34
)

keV, allows us to firmly reject the population of an excited state at 1578 keV in $$^{173}$$

173

Lu and 11 transitions tentatively assigned to the decay of $$^{173}$$

173

Hf. Our refined mass value of $$^{173}$$

173

Hf reduces mass-related uncertainties in the reaction rate of $$^{174}$$

174

Hf$$(\gamma ,n)^{173}$$

(
γ
,
n
)

173

Hf. Thus, the rate for the main photodisintegration destruction channel of the p nuclide $$^{174}$$

174

Hf in the relevant temperature region for the $$\gamma $$
γ
process is better constrained.
Coronary Microcirculatory Dysfunction in People With HIV and Its Association With Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Huck Daniel M. , Weber Brittany , Parks Sean , Divakaran Sanjay , Brown Jenifer M. , Bibbo Courtney F. , Barrett Leanne , Hainer Jon , Bay Camden , Martell Laurel , Kogelman Laura , Triant Virginia A. , Chu Jacqueline , Lin Nina H. , Melbourne Kathleen , Sax Paul E. , Di Carli Marcelo F. 
Published: November 2023

Background
HIV infection and abacavir‐containing antiretroviral regimens are associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk. Positron emission tomography (PET)‐derived myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR), the ratio of vasodilator stress to rest myocardial blood flow, is a well‐validated measure of coronary microvascular health and marker of cardiovascular risk. Our objective was to compare MBFR among people with HIV (PWH) with matched non‐HIV controls and to assess whether switching from dolutegravir/lamivudine/abacavir to the non‐abacavir regimen bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) would improve MBFR.

Methods and Results

Thirty‐seven PWH were 1:2 matched on cardiovascular risk factors to 75 people without HIV, and MBFR corrected for differences in resting hemodynamics was compared in a cross‐sectional design. PWH were majority men (68%) with a mean age of 56 years. Mean stress myocardial blood flow (1.83 mL/min per g [95% CI, 1.68–1.98] versus 2.40 mL/min per g [95% CI, 2.25–2.54];
P
<0.001) and MBFR (2.18 [95% CI, 1.96–2.40] versus 2.68 [95% CI, 2.47–2.89];
P
=0.002) was significantly lower in PWH than in people without HIV. In a single‐arm, multicenter trial, a subset of 25 PWH who were virologically suppressed on dolutegravir/lamivudine/abacavir underwent positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging at baseline and after switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/TAF. MBFR was unchanged after switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/TAF for a mean of 27 weeks (MBFR, 2.34 to 2.29;
P
=0.61), except in PWH with impaired MBFR at baseline (<2.00; N=6) in whom MBFR increased from 1.58 to 2.02 (
P
=0.02).

Conclusions
PWH had reduced coronary microvascular function compared with controls without HIV. Coronary microvascular function did not improve after switching from dolutegravir/lamivudine/abacavir to bictegravir/emtricitabine/TAF.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; unique identifier: NCT03656783.
The Shahrazād of Sablakh Speaks in Many Tongues
Authors: Green Rachel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Shlūmū al-kurdī wa-anā wa-l-zaman (Shlūmū al-Kurdī, Myself and Time) (2004) is the final novel of Iraqi-Jewish author Samīr Naqqāsh. Considering the text in light of the cultural politics of memory and articulation, this article posits the novel as a true fabrication of a fictionalized memoir. By thematizing aspects of speech, movement and scriptural ecumenism within an Islamicate cultural memory, the text simultaneously narrates and mourns the WWI-era social collapse of multiconfessional Sablakh in Iranian Kurdistan. The narration employs a modified, self-amplifying tripartite narrative structure and a self-sustaining momentum born of the looping of prophetic and traumatic temporalities; together, such structural moves enable a cascade of witnessing of a marginal(ized) site of loss. The text thus intervenes in officially sanctioned genealogies of loss and overcoming while crafting an affirmative Eastern Jewish self-in-community beyond the linguistic, geographic, and epistemological confines of Mizrahi identity within the State of Israel.
Important Influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on Interannual Variability of the Boreal Autumn East Siberian–Beaufort Sea Ice
Authors: Liu Li , Zhang Wenjun , Liu Chao , Jiang Feng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The East Siberia–Beaufort Sea (EsCB) sea ice during boreal autumn has recently been reported to play important roles in the climate over Eurasia and North America. The EsCB sea ice exhibits remarkable year-to-year fluctuations in autumn (August–October), the season in which its minimum extent usually occurs. However, the physical driver of the autumn EsCB sea ice interannual variability remains unclear, impeding the seasonal prediction of local sea ice. Here we find that the autumn EsCB sea ice variability is largely driven by the preceding summer (May–July) dipolar atmospheric anomalies over the North Atlantic, resembling the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern. During the negative NAO-like phase, the circumpolar anticyclonic anomalies tend to transport the warm air from Greenland toward the EsCB region, which triggers rapid sea ice melt there. The associated EsCB sea ice anomalies can be maintained or even intensified by the local sea ice–albedo positive feedback until autumn. Therefore, the abnormal signals of Arctic sea ice tend to show significant persistence in summer and autumn. The influence of the summer NAO-like atmospheric circulation on the ensuing autumn EsCB sea ice can be realistically reproduced in the historical simulation of the E3SM-1-0 model, supporting our findings based on the observation. This lagged relationship provides a promising pathway for skillful seasonal prediction of the EsCB sea ice and its related climatic impacts.
Probabilistic Convective Initiation Nowcasting Using Himawari-8 AHI with Explainable Deep Learning Models
Authors: Li Yang , Liu Yubao , Shi Yueqin , Chen Baojun , Zeng Fanhui , Huo Zhaoyang , Fan Hang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Convective initiation (CI) nowcasting is crucial for reducing loss of human life and property caused by severe convective weather. A novel deep learning method based on the U-Net model (named as CIUnet) was developed for forecasting CI during the warm season with eight interest fields of Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) and terrain height. The results showed that the CIUnet model produced probability forecasts of CI occurrence location and time with probability of detection (POD) at 93.3% ± 0.3% and false alarm ratio (FAR) at 18.3% ± 0.4% at a lead time of 30 min. Sensitivity and permutation importance experiments on the input fields of the CIUnet model revealed that the differences in brightness temperature for spectral channels were more critical for CI nowcasts than the original infrared channel brightness temperatures. The brightness temperature difference between band 10 (7.3 μm) and band 13 (10.4 μm), which represents the cloud-top height relative to the lower troposphere, is identified as the most important input fields for CI nowcasting. The tri-spectral brightness temperature difference (TTD), which represents cloud-top glaciation, is ranked the second and it significantly reduced the FAR of the CI forecast. Using terrain heights as an extra input feature improved the POD, but slightly overestimated CI over complex terrain. In addition, a layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) analyses was performed, and confirmed that the CIUnet model can effectively identify the crucial regions and features of the input fields for accurate CI prediction. Therefore, both permutation importance experiments and LPR analyses are useful for improving the CIUnet model and advancing the understanding of CI mechanisms.
Exploration of biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus by machine-learning analysis
Authors: Zhao Xingyun , Duan Lishuang , Cui Dawei , Xie Jue 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, research on the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has made great progress. However, the prognosis of the disease remains poor, and high sensitivity and accurate biomarkers are particularly important for the early diagnosis of SLE.

Methods
SLE patient information was acquired from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and used for differential gene expression analysis, such as weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) and functional enrichment analysis. Subsequently, three algorithms, random forest (RF), support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-REF) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO), were used to analyze the above key genes. Furthermore, the expression levels of the final core genes in peripheral blood from SLE patients were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay.

Results
Five key genes (ABCB1, CD247, DSC1, KIR2DL3 and MX2) were found in this study. Moreover, these key genes had good reliability and validity, which were further confirmed by clinical samples from SLE patients. The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) of the five genes also revealed that they had critical roles in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Conclusion
In summary, five key genes were obtained and validated through machine-learning analysis, offering a new perspective for the molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for SLE.
Effectiveness of a cardiac rehabilitation program on biomechanical, imaging, and physiological biomarkers in elderly patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): FUNNEL + study protocol
Authors: Cuesta-Vargas Antonio Ignacio , Fuentes-Abolafio Iván José , García-Conejo Celia , Díaz-Balboa Estíbaliz , Trinidad-Fernández Manuel , Gutiérrez-Sánchez Daniel , Escriche-Escuder Adrián , Cobos-Palacios Lidia , López-Sampalo Almudena , Pérez-Ruíz Jose Maria , Roldán-Jiménez Cristina , Pérez-Velasco Miguel Angel , Mora-Robles Javier , López-Carmona Mª Dolores , Pérez-Cruzado David , Martín-Martín Jaime , Pérez-Belmonte Luis Miguel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have a low functional status, which in turn is a risk factor for hospital admission and an important predictor of survival in HFpEF. HFpFE is a heterogeneous syndrome and recent studies have suggested an important role for careful, pathophysiological-based phenotyping to improve patient characterization. Cardiac rehabilitation has proven to be a useful tool in the framework of secondary prevention in patients with HFpEF. Facilitating decision-making and implementing cardiac rehabilitation programs is a challenge in public health systems for HFpEF management. The FUNNEL + study proposes to evaluate the efficacy of an exercise and education-based cardiac rehabilitation program on biomechanical, physiological, and imaging biomarkers in patients with HFpEF.

Methods
A randomised crossover clinical trial is presented among people older than 70 years with a diagnosis of HFpEF. The experimental group will receive a cardiac rehabilitation intervention for 12 weeks. Participants in the control group will receive one educational session per week for 12 weeks on HFpEF complications, functional decline, and healthy lifestyle habits. VO2peak is the primary outcome. Biomechanical, imaging and physiological biomarkers will be assessed as secondary outcomes. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks.

Discussion
Identifying objective functional parameters indicative of HFpEF and the subsequent development of functional level stratification based on functional impairment ("biomechanical phenotypes") may help clinicians identify cardiac rehabilitation responders and non-responders and make future clinical decisions. In this way, future pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, such as exercise, could be improved and tailored to improve quality of life and prognosis and reducing patients' hospital readmissions, thereby reducing healthcare costs.

Trial registration
NCT05393362 (Clinicaltrials.gov).
Renal and bone side effects of long-term use of entecavir, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate in patients with Hepatitis B: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Zekun , Zhao Zhenzhen , Ma Xuefeng , Liu Shousheng , Xin Yongning 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Nucleoside analogues are currently applied as a first-line treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the long-term effects of this type of treatment on kidney and bone tissue need to be further investigated.

Methods
We conducted a search of entecavir (ETV), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) for treatment of CHB patients through October 29, 2023. Side effects of the three drugs were compared. Standardized mean difference (SMD), 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) were reported for each outcome. Further subgroup analysis was conducted according to duration of administration.

Results
ETV and TAF exhibited less effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than TDF (SMD = -3.60 (95%CI: -1.94 ~ -5.26) and SMD = -4.27 (95%CI: -2.62 ~ -5.93)). ETV also exhibited less effect on creatinine rise than TAF and TDF (SMD = -0.55 (95%CI: -0.09 ~ -1.01) and SMD = -0.61 (95%CI: -0.15 ~ -1.06)). Moreover, the effect of TAF on bone mineral density (BMD) was less than that of TDF (SMD = -0.02 (95%CI: -0.01 ~ -0.02)). The probabilities of the three drugs changing relevant indicators exhibited similar patterns: eGFR (TDF (100.0%) > ETV (41.2%) > TAF (8.8%)), creatinine (TDF (94.7%) > TAF (54.7%) > ETV (0.6%)), BMD (TDF (79.7%) > ETV (50.6%) > TAF (19.6%)), and blood phosphorus (TDF (90.6%) > TAF (49.8%) > ETV (9.7%)). After 6 and 24 months of treatment, no statistically significant difference in renal function or bone tissue was observed between ETV and TDF. However, greater adverse effects on renal function were observed for TDF than ETV at 60 months compared to 12 months. TDF also exhibited greater adverse effects on bone tissue than ETV at 36 months than at 12 months.

Conclusions
Long-term administration of TDF has resulted in stronger adverse effects than TAF and ETV in regard to both renal function and bone tissue in CHB patients. The effect of TAF on creatinine increase was greater than ETV. The difference in side effects between ETV and TDF was independent of treatment duration.