bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia classification model for musculoskeletal patients using smart insole and artificial intelligence gait analysis
Authors: Kim Shinjune , Kim Hyeon Su , Yoo Jun‐Il 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between physical function, musculoskeletal disorders and sarcopenia is intricate. Current physical function tests, such as the gait speed test and the chair stand test, have limitations in eliminating subjective influences. To overcome this, smart devices utilizing inertial measurement unit sensors and artificial intelligence (AI)‐based methods are being developed.MethodsWe employed cutting‐edge technologies, including the smart insole device and pose estimation based on AI, along with three classification models: random forest (RF), support vector machine and artificial neural network, to classify control and sarcopenia groups. Patient data of 83 individuals were divided into train and test sets, with approximately 67% allocated for training. Classification models were implemented using RStudio, considering individual and combined variables obtained through pose estimation and smart insole measurements.ResultsPerformance evaluation of the classification models utilized accuracy, precision, recall and F1‐score indicators. Using only pose estimation variables, accuracy ranged from 0.92 to 0.96, with F1‐scores of 0.94–0.97. Key variables identified by the RF model were ‘Hip_dif’, ‘Ankle_dif’ and ‘Hipankle_dif’. Combining variables from both methods increased accuracy to 0.80–1.00, with F1‐scores of 0.73–1.00.ConclusionsIn our study, a classification model that integrates smart insole and pose estimation technology was assessed. The RF model showed impressive results, particularly in the case of the Hip and Ankle variables. The growth of advanced measurement technologies suggests a promising avenue for identifying and utilizing additional digital biomarkers in the management of various disorders. The convergence of AI technologies with diagnostics and treatment approaches a promising future for enhanced interventions in conditions like sarcopenia.
Persistent perineal sinus following proctocolectomy in the inflammatory bowel disease patient
Authors: Papasotiriou Sam D. , Dumanian Gregory A. , Strong Scott A. , Hanauer Stephen B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProlonged perineal wound healing following proctocolectomy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a frustrating result for the medical team and patients who were hoping for improved quality of life. Prolonged healing, which lasts more than 6 months following proctocolectomy, is termed persistent perineal sinus (PPS) and typically necessitates further surgical management. Healing of the PPS is difficult due to the resulting “dead space” following proctocolectomy, necessitating the need to fill the void with viable tissue in an area with anatomic constraints. Here we provide a narrative review and comprehensively address the incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical and operative management of a PPS in patients with IBD following proctocolectomy. Operative methods discussed include surgical debridement, flap closure of the perineum, omental flap closure, and gracilis muscle transposition. It is necessary to further investigate and establish a gold standard of care for these patients.
Development and characterization of hydrogel‐in‐oleogel (bigel) systems and their application as a butter replacer for bread making
Authors: Han Lijun , Chen Fu , Qiu Yihua , Gao Jianbiao , Zhu Qiaomei , Wu Tao , Wang Ping , Zhang Min 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDButter has been widely used in bakery products and it contains high level of saturated fats. However, excessive consumption of saturated fats would increase the risk of chronic disease. This study was to fabricate water‐in‐oil (W/O) type bigels as butter replacers to improve the quality attributes of breads.RESULTSA stable water‐in‐oil (W/O) type bigel system was fabricated based on mixed oleogelators (rice bran wax and glycerol monostearate) and sodium alginate hydrogel. The ratios of oleogel to hydrogel could significantly affect the stability, microstructure and rheological properties of bigels. All of the bigels exhibited solid‐like properties, with increased oleogel fractions, and the network structure of bigel became more compact and orderly with smaller sodium alginate gel particles. Meanwhile, the viscoelastic modulus and firmness of bigel increased, contributing to a higher stability. The bigel dough exhibited lower gel strength and relatively higher extensibility compared to the butter dough. Regardless of oleogel fractions, all the bigel produced bread with a higher specific volume and softer texture than the butter bread. When the oleogel fractions was less than 80%, increasing the oleogel fractions was more beneficial for improving the specific volume, softness and fluffy structure of bread.CONCLUSIONW/O type bigel as butter replacers showed great potential in improving the appearance, structure and textural properties of bread. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
TRPV4 differentially controls inflammatory cytokine networks during static and dynamic compression of the intervertebral disc
Authors: Easson Garrett W. D. , Savadipour Alireza , Gonzalez Christian , Guilak Farshid , Tang Simon Y. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) critically transduces mechanical forces in the IVD, and its inhibition can prevent IVD degeneration due to static overloading. However, it remains unknown whether different modes of loading signals through TRPV4 to regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that TRPV4 signaling is essential during static and dynamic loading to mediate homeostasis and mechanotransduction.MethodsMouse functional spine units were isolated and either cyclically compressed for 5 days (1 Hz, 1 h, 10% strain) or statically compressed (24 h, 0.2 MPa). Conditioned media were monitored at 6 h, 24 h, 2 days, and 5 days, with and without TRPV4 inhibition. Effects of TRPV4 activation was also evaluated without loading. The media was analyzed for a panel of 44 cytokines using a microbead array and then a correlative network was constructed to explore the regulatory relationships during loading and TRPV4 inhibition. After the loading regimen, the IVDs were evaluated histologically for degeneration.ResultsActivation of TRPV4 led to an increase interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) family of cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐11, IL‐16, and leukemia inhibitory factor [LIF]) and decreased the T‐cell (CCL3, CCL4, CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, and CXCL10) and monocyte (CCL2 and CCL12) recruiting chemokines by the IVD. Dynamic and static loading each provoked unique chemokine correlation networks. The inhibition of TRPV4 during dynamic loading dysregulated the relationship between LIF and other cytokines, while the inhibition of TRPV4 during static loading disrupted the connectivity of IL‐16 and VEGFA.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that TRPV4 critically mediates the cytokine production following dynamic and static loading. The activation of TRPV4 upregulated a diverse set of cytokines that may suppress the chemotaxis of T‐cells and monocytes, implicating the role of TRPV4 in maintaining the immune privilege of healthy IVD.
Mesenchymal stem cells‐derived extracellular vesicle‐incorporated H19 attenuates cardiac remodeling in rats with heart failure
Authors: Jiao Wei , Hao Jie , Liu Jin‐Ming , Gao Wei‐Nian , Zhao Jia‐Jia , Li Yong‐Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCardiac remodeling is manifested by hypertrophy and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, resulting in the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as modifiers of cardiac remodeling. In this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of H19 shuttled by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)‐derived extracellular vesicles (EV) in cardiac remodeling upon heart failure (HF). Using the GEO database, H19, microRNA (miR)‐29b‐3p, and CDC42 were screened out as differentially expressed biomolecules in HF. H19 and CDC42 were elevated, and miR‐29b‐3p was decreased after MSC‐EV treatment in rats subjected to ligation of the coronary artery. MSC‐EV alleviated myocardial injury in rats with HF. H19 downregulation exacerbated myocardial injury, while miR‐29b‐3p inhibitor alleviated myocardial injury. By contrast, CDC42 downregulation aggravated the myocardial injury again. PI3K/AKT pathway was activated by MSC‐EV. These findings provide insights into how H19 shuttled by EV mitigates cardiac remodeling through a competitive endogenous RNA network regarding miR‐29b‐3p and CDC42.
New cartilage formation in vivo using chondrocytes seeded on poly(L‐lactide)
Authors: Fujisato Toshia , Ikada Yoshito 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA chondrocyte‐poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) composite was employed in an attempt to regenerate cartilage. Rat chondrocytes showed good proliferation on adherent polymer substrates like PLLA and type II collagen production under the in vitro condition. The collagen production became maximal on the 10th day after cultivation. From the in vivo study, seeded chondrocytes spread throughout the scaffold dispersively and a lot of small blood vessels were observed around the matrix when bFGF was coated on the PLLA scaffold. When the chondrocyte‐PLLA composite was transplanted into nude mouse, injection of an immunosuppressive agent was not necessary even in an xenograft implantation. A thin layer fibrous capsule was observed surrounding all of the implanted composites, and the inflammatory response of the host to the implants was mild. From the clear histological staining with thionin, it was obvious that the implanted cells exhibited their phenotypes and formed new matured cartilage.
Polylactides ‐ synthesis, characterization and medical application
Authors: Kricheldorf Hans R. , Kreiser‐Saunders Ingrid , Jürgens Christian , Wolter Dieter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPolymerizations of lactides via cationic, anionic, and insertion mechanisms are described. The usefulness of these three mechanisms for preparative purposes is evaluated. The polymerization mechanisms initiated by Al‐alkoxides or Sn(II)‐2‐ethylhexanoate are discussed in more detail. Furthermore, the usefulness of 13C NMR spectroscopy for the sequence analysis of copolylactones is demonstrated. Copolyesters of D,L‐lactide and ϵ‐caprolactone with Tg's around 35°C and high transparency were synthesized. Films of these copolylactones were characterized by various methods and their usefulness as resorbable wound dressing was evaluated. More than 30 patients were successfully treated with this novel wound dressings.
Controlled polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone ‐from macromolecules to microspheres
Authors: Slomkowski Stanislaw 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPseudoanionic polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone (CL), initiated with dialkylaluminum alkoxides, was used for the tailored synthesis of poly(CL) with M̄n ≤ 100 000 and M̄w /M̄n < 1. 20. Macromolecules with functional groups at one or at both ends were obtained in this way. Controlled polymerization of CL allowed to prepare poly(dodecyl acrylate)‐g‐poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (poly(DAC)‐g‐poly(CL)) with well defined poly(CL) grafts. These copolymers were used as the surface active agents for the direct synthesis of poly(CL) microspheres. The number average diameter (D̄n ) of poly(CL) microspheres varied from 0.628 μm to 0.94 μm and the diameter polydispersity (D̄v /D̄n ) varied from 1.038 to 1.26, depending on the composition of poly(DAC)‐g‐poly(CL). Human serum albumin (HSA) and human gamma globulins (γ G) were attached to the poly(CL) microspheres. The maximal surface concentrations of HSA and γ G adsorbed onto the microspheres were equal to 9·10−4 g/m2 and 2.0·10−3 g/m2 respectively.
Supplier innovativeness, supplier relationships, and enterprises' finance constraints
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Chen Jinlong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we adopt the perspective of supplier innovation and manually collect samples of enterprises and their suppliers listed on China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐shares markets from 2008 to 2021 to investigate whether supplier innovativeness affects enterprises' financing constraints. We find that supplier innovativeness can significantly alleviate enterprises' financing constraints; this effect is more significant when the relationship between enterprises and suppliers is more stable and their economic dependence is higher. The analysis of the mechanism of action reveals that supplier innovativeness can alleviate enterprises' financing constraints by enhancing their innovativeness. The heterogeneity analysis finds that the alleviation effect of supplier innovativeness on enterprises' financing constraints is more significant in nonstate‐owned enterprises. We examine the factors influencing enterprises' financing constraints from the unique perspective of supplier innovativeness, enrich the literature on financing constraints and provide new ideas for enterprise managers and policymakers.
GUIDEMOL: A Python graphical user interface for molecular descriptors based on RDKit
Authors: Aires‐de‐Sousa Joao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGUIDEMOL is a Python computer program based on the RDKit software to process molecular structures and calculate molecular descriptors with a graphical user interface using the tkinter package. It can calculate descriptors already implemented in RDKit as well as grid representations of 3D molecular structures using the electrostatic potential or voxels. The GUIDEMOL app provides easy access to RDKit tools for chemoinformatics users with no programming skills and can be adapted to calculate other descriptors or to trigger other procedures. A command line interface (CLI) is also provided for the calculation of grid representations. The source code is available at https://github.com/jairesdesousa/guidemol.
Dietary (Poly)phenols and Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Godos Justyna , Micek Agnieszka , Mena Pedro , Del Rio Daniele , Galvano Fabio , Castellano Sabrina , Grosso Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

ScopeThis study aims to systematically review observational studies investigating the relation between dietary (poly)phenol consumption and various cognitive outcomes.Methods and resultsEmbase and PubMed databases are searched from inception to April 2023 for observational studies investigating the relation between dietary (poly)phenol intake and cognitive outcomes. For quantitative analyses, random effects models, subgroup analyses, and dose–response analyses are performed. A total of 37 studies are included in the systematic review. Among (poly)phenols, a higher intake of flavonoids is associated with better cognitive function and lower odds of cognitive decline (although with some exceptions). A quantitative meta‐analysis shows an overall inverse association with cognitive impairment and reduced association with the incidence of dementia or related disorders for total flavonoids (relative risk (RR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 0.89), anthocyanins (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60, 0.89), flavones (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.63, 0.94), flavan‐3‐ols (RR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.91), and flavonols (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96). Data on other (poly)phenolic compounds (i.e., phenolic acids) are promising but too preliminary.ConclusionHabitual inclusion of flavonoids in the diet may play a preventive role against cognitive disorders.
High‐accuracy optical delay measurement based on linear frequency sweeping technology
Authors: Yang Dengcai , Feng Lingge , Yang Feng , Wang Yunxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA high‐accuracy and wide‐range optical delay measurement method based on linear frequency modulation (LFM) of a microwave source is proposed, which can measure the delay of each channel in a parallel multichannel interference structure. The light wave emitted by the light source is injected into the dual‐parallel Mach‒Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) as a carrier wave. The LFM microwave signal is loaded into the radio frequency ports of the DPMZM through a 90° hybrid couple, and the bias voltages of the DPMZM are adjusted to make it work in carrier suppression single sideband (CS‐SSB) modulation mode. The CS‐SSB optical signal output by the modulator enters the test links, including a Mach‒Zehnder interference loop composed of the reference arm and the device under test arm. Then, the output optical signal of the interference loop is input into a photodetector, and the intermediate frequency (IF) signals are obtained by the beat frequency. The frequency of the IF signal is obtained through data acquisition and fast Fourier transform calculation. Thus, the delay time is calculated. By increasing or decreasing the LFM signal scanning time, the delay measurement range can be extended, or the measurement accuracy over a short distance can be improved. The feasibility of this method is verified by experiments, and the delay of parallel multichannel measurement is carried out.
Simulation of oriented NMR spectra: Combining molecular dynamics and chemical shift tensor calculations
Authors: Sternberg Ulrich , Witter Raiker 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSolid state NMR is widely used to study the orientation and other structural features of proteins and peptides in lipid bilayers. Using data obtained by PISEMA (Polarization Inversion Spin Exchange at Magic Angle) experiments, periodic spectral patterns arise from well‐aligned α‐helical molecules. Significant problems in the interpretation of PISEMA spectra may arise for systems that do not form perfectly defined secondary structures, like α‐helices, or the signal pattern is disturbed by molecular motion. Here, we present a new method that combines molecular dynamics simulation with tensorial orientational constraints (MDOC) and chemical shift tensor calculations for the simulation and interpretation of PISEMA‐like spectra. The calculations include the spectra arising from non α‐helical molecules and molecules with non‐uniform intrinsic mobility. In a first step, dipolar or quadrupolar interaction tensors drive molecular rotations and reorientations to obtain the proper mean values as observed in corresponding NMR experiments. In a second step, the coordinate snapshots of the MDOC simulations are geometry optimized with the isotropic 15N chemical shifts as constraints using Bond Polarization Theory (BPT) to provide reliable 15N CS tensor data. The averaged dipolar 1H‐15N couplings and the δzz tensor components can then be combined to simulate PISEMA patterns. We apply this method to the ß‐helical peptide gramicidin A (gA) and demonstrate that this method enables the assignment of most PISEMA resonances. In addition, MDOC simulations provide local order parameters for the calculated sites. These local order parameters reveal large differences in backbone mobility between L‐ and D‐amino acids of gA.
Female Surgical Ergonomics in Otolaryngology: A National Survey Study
Authors: Morse Elliot , Tai Katherine , Harpel Lexa , Born Hayley , Krishna Priya , Rameau Anaïs 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the nature and impact surgical ergonomic challenges experienced by female otolaryngologists.Study DesignNational survey study.SettingFemale otolaryngology residents, fellows and attendings recruited via social media posting and email distribution.MethodsWe distributed a survey study to female otolaryngologists throughout the United States. The height and glove size of participants reporting difficulties with equipment and instruments were compared to those not reporting difficulties.ResultsNinety‐six female otolaryngologists participated in our study, comprised of 43% residents, 10% fellows, and 47% attendings. Ninety percent of participants reported difficulties using equipment and 77% of participants reported difficulty with instruments, the most common being nasal endoscopic instruments (28%). The vast majority of participants reported pain during and (or) after the operation (92%). Head and neck (53%) and rhinology (44%) were identified as particularly challenging specialities, but only 25% of participants reported that ergonomics affected their career plans. Participants felt that adjustable equipment (60%), a variety of sizes of instruments (43%), and more discussion around ergonomics (47%) would help. Respondents reported adjusting the operating room to accommodate their size took extra time (44%) and was a mental burden (39%). Participants reporting difficulties with operating room equipment were significantly shorter than those without difficulties (64 inches vs 67 inches, P = .037), and those reporting difficulties with instruments had a smaller median glove size (6 vs 6.5, P = .018).ConclusionSurgical ergonomics represent a challenge for female otolaryngologists, particularly those with smaller hands and shorter height. Partnering with industry, we must address the needs of an increasingly diverse workforce to ensure that all surgeons can operate effectively and comfortably.
Pediatric Airway Balloon Dilation: Urge for Safety Redesign
Authors: Leonard James A. , Blumenthal Daniel L. , Harley Earl H. , Shah Rahul K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAirway balloons are widely used by otolaryngologists to treat laryngotracheal stenosis. We review an adverse event and interventions that may prevent similar occurrences. There are no other reports of similar incidents in the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience. We implore Acclarent to redesign their airway balloon device to prevent accidental airway irrigation.
Using conditional generative adversarial networks for the prediction of stresses in an adhesive composite
Authors: Khan Abdul Wasay , Balzani Claudio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFiber reinforced adhesives are an integral part of wind energy turbine blades and play an important role in evaluation of structural integrity of the blades. Digitization of manufacturing processes and demand for fast and efficient stress analysis argues for the application of deep learning. As a step forward in using deep learning to predict structural properties in composite, the work would explore the applicability of deep learning methods to 2D fiber reinforced composite. In this work, a composite adhesive used in wind energy turbine blades is used as an illustrative example. The composite adhesive when viewed using a CT scan machine shows a heterogeneous structure with two phases, a softer matrix phase and a much stiff fiber phase. For this purpose, several CT scan images of the fiber adhesive composite are used. The images on subsequent FEA analysis serves as the training data for the deep learning framework. Once trained, the neural network would be able to predict the stress distributions in the structure. We apply conditional adversarial networks as general purpose solutions to problems focused on stress prediction, which could be thought of as an image‐to‐image translation from the microstructure domain to the stress domain. These networks in addition to learning the mapping from input image to output image also learn a loss function to train for this mapping. This makes the method more generic because otherwise different loss formulations for different problems have to be formulated.