bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the economic impact of complications after open tibial fracture: A secondary analysis of the pilot Gentamicin Open Tibia trial (pGO-Tibia)
Authors: Flores Michael J. , Brown Kelsey E. , Haonga Billy , Morshed Saam , Shearer David W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
To estimate the indirect economic impact of tibial fractures and their associated adverse events (AEs) in Tanzania.

Design:
A secondary analysis of the pilot Gentamicin Open (pGO)-Tibia randomized control trial estimating the indirect economic impact of suffering an AE, defined as a fracture-related infection (FRI) and/or nonunion, after an open tibial fracture in Tanzania.

Setting:
The pGO-Tibia trial was conducted from November 2019 to August 2021 at the Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Patients/Participants:
One hundred adults with open tibial shaft fractures participated in this study.

Intervention:
Work hours were compared between AE groups. Cost data were analyzed using a weighted-average hourly wage and converted into purchasing power parity–adjusted USD.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Indirect economic impact was analyzed from the perspective of return to work (RTW), lost productivity, and other indirect economic and household costs. RTW was analyzed using a survival analysis.

Results:
Half of patients returned to work at 1-year follow-up, with those experiencing an AE having a significantly lower rate of RTW. Lost productivity was nearly double for those experiencing an AE. There was a significant difference in the mean outside health care costs between groups. The total mean indirect cost was $2385 with an AE, representing 92% of mean annual income and an increase of $1195 compared with no AE. There were significantly more patients with an AE who endorsed difficulty affording household expenses postinjury and who borrowed money to pay for their medical expenses.

Conclusions:
This study identified serious economic burden after tibial fractures, with significant differences in total indirect cost between those with and without an AE.

Level of Evidence:
II.
Identification of neutrophil phenotype categories in geriatric hip fracture patients aids in personalized medicine
Authors: Nijdam Thomas M.P. , Jukema Bernard N. , de Fraiture Emma J. , Spijkerman Roy , Schuijt Henk Jan , Spoelder Marcia , Bongers Coen C.W.G. , Hopman Maria T.E. , Koenderman Leo , Hietbrink Falco , van der Velde Detlef 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
The number of geriatric hip fracture patients is high and expected to rise in the coming years, and many are frail and at risk for adverse outcomes. Early identification of high-risk patients is crucial to balance treatment and optimize outcome, but remains challenging. Previous research in patients with multitrauma suggested that neutrophil phenotype analysis could aid in early identification of high-risk patients. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and clinical value of neutrophil phenotype analysis in geriatric patients with a hip fracture.

Methods:
A prospective study was conducted in a regional teaching hospital in the Netherlands. At the emergency department, blood samples were collected from geriatric patients with a hip fracture and analyzed using automated flow cytometry. Flow cytometry data were processed using an automated clustering algorithm. Neutrophil activation data were compared with a healthy control cohort. Neutrophil phenotype categories were assessed based on two-dimensional visual assessment of CD16/CD62L expression.

Results:
Blood samples from 45 geriatric patients with a hip fracture were included. Neutrophils showed an increased activation profile and decreased responsiveness to formyl peptides when compared to healthy controls. The neutrophil phenotype of all patients was categorized. The incidence of severe adverse outcome was significantly different between the different categories (P = 0.0331). Moreover, patients with neutrophil phenotype category 0 developed no severe adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:
Using point-of-care fully automated flow cytometry to analyze the neutrophil compartment in geriatric hip fracture patients is feasible and holds clinical value in determining patients at risk for adverse outcome. This study is a first step toward immuno-based precision medicine for identifying geriatric hip fracture patients that are deemed fit for surgery.
Implementation of Hospital Mortality Reviews: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schönfeld Moritz Sebastian , Härter Martin , Schröder Ann Sophie , Kokartis Katrin , Bartz Hans-Jürgen , Kriston Levente 
Published: January 2024

Objective
The objective of this study was to give an overview of the published literature on the implementation of mortality reviews in hospital settings.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL, and Web of Science databases up to August 2022 for studies describing implementation or results of implementation of hospital mortality reviews published in English or German. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Two independent reviewers screened the title/abstract and the full text of potentially relevant records and extracted data using a standardized form. We synthesized and integrated quantitative and qualitative findings narratively following a convergent segregated mixed methods review approach.

Results
From the 884 studies screened, 18 publications met all inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Observed mortality rates reported in 10 publications ranged from 0.4% to 7.8%. In 10 publications, mortality reviews were implemented as a multistep process. In 7 publications, structured mortality review meetings were implemented. Key aspects of success in developing and implementing mortality reviews in hospitals were involvement of multiple stakeholders, providing enough resources for included staff, and constant monitoring and adaption of the processes.

Conclusions
Although awareness of hospital mortality reviews has increased over the last decades, published research in this area is still rare. Our results may inform hospitals considering development and implementation of mortality reviews by providing key aspects and lessons learned from existing implementation experiences.
The Effects of Sex Hormones on Postoperative Pain in Patients with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Koraş Sözen Kezban , Bolat Haci , Güntürk İnayet 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
There are many factors that affect postoperative pain. This study determines the effect of preoperative sex hormone levels on postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Patients and Methods:
This study included a total of 89 patients who met the study inclusion criteria. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their sex and pre and postmenopausal periods: male patients (n = 28), postmenopausal female patients (n = 31), and female patients with normal cycles (n = 30). Normal-cycle women were also regrouped based on their follicular and luteal phases. Data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form, a patient follow-up form, and the Visual Analog Scale.

Results:
Venous blood samples taken from the patients before surgery were used to measure their levels of estradiol (EST), testosterone (TES), and progesterone levels. Male patients had lower pain levels than female patients. The male patients’ Visual Analog Scale scores were inversely related and correlated strongly with their TES levels (P < 0.05). However, subgroup analyses suggested that their EST level played a primary role in males and that the EST/TES ratio was determinant in the late postoperative period. In female patients, the EST/progesterone ratio was the most determining factor for the level of pain felt in the postmenopausal period, whereas there was no change in the premenopausal period at different stages of the menstrual cycle.

Conclusions:
Sex hormones were found to be effective in predicting postoperative pain severity.
Microbulbifer bruguierae sp. nov., isolated from sediment of mangrove plant Bruguiera sexangula, and comparative genomic analyses of the genus Microbulbifer
Authors: Long Meng , Chen Dakun , Fan Huimin , Tang Shaoshuai , Gan Zhen , Xia Hongli , Lu Yishan 
Published: January 2024

A Gram-negative, non-motile, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as H12T, was isolated from the sediments of mangrove plant Bruguiera sexangula taken from Dapeng district, Shenzhen, PR China. The pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain H12T shared high identity levels with species of the genus

Microbulbifer

, with the highest similarity level of 98.5 % to

M. pacificus

SPO729T, followed by 98.1 % to

M. donghaiensis

CN85T. Phylogenetic analysis using core-genome sequences showed that strain H12T formed a cluster with type species of

M. pacificus

SPO729T and

M. harenosus

HB161719T. The complete genome of strain H12T was 4 481 396 bp in size and its DNA G+C content was 56.7 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values among strain H12T and type species of genus

Microbulbifer

were below the cut-off levels of 95–96 and 70 %, respectively. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain H12T were iso-C15 : 0 (22.5 %) and C18 : 1
ω7c (13.9 %). Ubiquinone-8 was detected as the major respiratory quinone. The polar lipids of strain H12T comprised one phosphatidylglycerol, one phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminoglycophospholipid, one unidentified glycophospholipid, three unidentified glycolipids, two unidentified aminolipids, and one unidentified lipid. Based on polyphasic evidence, strain H12T represents a novel species of the genus

Microbulbifer

, for which the name Microbulbifer bruguierae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H12T (=KCTC 92859T=MCCC 1K08451T). Comparative genomic analyses of strain H12T with strains of the genus

Microbulbifer

reveal its potential in degradation of pectin.
The Mechanism Insight into Bacterial Degradation of Pentachlorobiphenyl
Authors: Ji Lei , Chang Xiaoyu , Wang Leilei , Fu Xiaowen , Lai Wenkai , Zheng Liwen , Li Qi , Xing Yingna , Yang Zhongfeng , Guan Yuyao , Yang Fenglong 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBacterial degradation mechanism for high chlorinated pentachlorobiphenyl (PentaCB) with worse biodegradability has not been fully elucidated, which could limit the full remediation of PCBs-combined pollution. In this research, using enzymatic screening method, a new PentaCB-degrading bacteriumM. paraoxydansthat has not been reported was obtained. The characteristic of its intracellular enzymes, proteome and metabolome variation during PentaCB degradation were investigated systematically. The results showed that PentaCB (PCB101, 1 mg/L) degradation rate could arrive 23.9% within 4 h till complete degradation within 12 h. The intracellular enzyme compound was optimally active at pH 6.0. The 12 up-regulated characterized proteins involved ABC transporter substrate-binding protein, translocase protein TatA and signal peptidase I (SPase I) indicated that functional proteins for PentaCB degradation were present both in the cytoplasm and outer surface of cytoplasmic membrane. There were also 5 differential metabolites strongly associated with above proteins in which the up-regulated 1, 2, 4-benzenetriol was enriched into the degradation pathways of benzoate, chlorocyclohexane, chlorobenzene and aminobenzoate. Bacterial degradation of PentaCB necessitates transmembrane transport, energy consumption, protein export, biofilm formation and quorum sensing. These findings hold significant theory and application value for PCBs biodegradation.
Economic powers encompass the largest cultural buildings: market, culture and equality in Stockholm, Sweden (1918–2023)
Authors: Campo-Ruiz Ingrid 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe aim of this research is to understand the relationship between cultural buildings, economic powers and social justice and equality in architecture and how this relationship has evolved over the last hundred years. This research seeks to identify architectural and urban elements that enhance social justice and equality to inform architectural and urban designs and public policies.Design/methodology/approachThe author explores the relationship between case studies of museums, cultural centers and libraries, and economic powers between 1920 and 2020 in Stockholm, Sweden. The author conducts a historical analysis and combines it with statistical and geographically referenced information in a Geographic Information System, archival data and in situ observations of selected buildings in the city. The author leverages the median income of household data from Statistics Sweden, with the geographical location of main public buildings and the headquarters of main companies operating in Sweden.FindingsThis analysis presents a gradual commercialization of cultural buildings in terms of location, inner layout and management, and the parallel filtering and transforming of the role of users. The author assesses how these cultural buildings gradually conformed to a system in the city and engaged with the market from a more local and national level to global networks. Findings show a cluster of large public buildings in the center of Stockholm, the largest global companies' headquarters and high-income median households. Results show that large shares of the low-income population now live far away from these buildings and the increasing commercialization of cultural space and inequalities.Originality/valueThis research provides a novel image of urban inequalities in Stockholm focusing on cultural buildings and their relationship with economic powers over the last hundred years. Cultural buildings could be a tool to support equality and stronger democracy beyond their primary use. Public cultural buildings offer a compromise between generating revenue for the private sector while catering to the needs and interests of large numbers of people. Therefore, policymakers should consider emphasizing the construction of more engaging public cultural buildings in more distributed locations.
How do children perceive and understand the experience of household food insecurity? A narrative review of the literature
Authors: Velardo Stefania , Stevens Kristen , Watson Michelle , Pollard Christina , Coveney John , Shipman Jessica , Booth Sue 
Published: January 2024

PurposeChildren's food insecurity experiences are largely unrepresented in academic literature. Parents and caregivers cannot always accurately evaluate their children's attitudes or experiences, and even within the same family unit, children and their parents may report differing views and experiences of family food insecurity. The purpose of this narrative review is to identify studies that include children's voices and their perceptions, understanding, and experience of food insecurity in the household.Design/methodology/approachThis narrative review aimed to address the following questions: (1) “What research studies of household food insecurity include children's voices?” and (2) “Across these studies, how do children perceive, understand and experience food insecurity in the household?”. A database search was conducted in October 2022. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 16 articles remained for review.FindingsThe findings from this review were organised into three themes: Theme 1: Ways children coped with accessing food or money for food; Theme 2: Food-related strategies children used to avoid hunger; and Theme 3: Children attempt to mask food insecurity.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should further explore the long-term consequences of social pressures and informal economic engagement on children's well-being and social development. By addressing the social determinants of food insecurity, this study can strive to create supportive environments that enable all children to access adequate nutrition and thrive.Social implicationsOverall, the findings of this review demonstrate the significant social pressures that shape children's responses to food insecurity. Results suggest that children's decision-making processes are influenced by the desire to maintain social standing and avoid the negative consequences of being food insecure. As such, this review underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the social context in which food insecurity occurs and the impact it has on children's lives. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing effective interventions and policies addressing the multifaceted challenges food insecure children face.Originality/value This review has highlighted a need for interventions to incorporate trauma-informed strategies to protect children from and respond to the psychologically distressing experiences and impact of living in food insecure households.
Strength and microstructural analysis of geopolymer prepared with coal-based synthetic natural gas slag
Authors: Yin Peng , Liu Tao , Pan Baofeng , Liu Ningbo 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe coal-based synthetic natural gas slag (CSNGS) is a solid waste remaining from the incomplete combustion of raw coal to produce gas. With the continuous promotion of efficient and clean utilization of coal in recent years, the stockpiling of CSNGS would increase gradually, and it would have significant social and environmental benefits with reasonable utilization of CSNGS. This study prepared a new geopolymer by mixing CSNGS with PC42.5 cement in a certain mass ratio as the precursor, with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution as the alkali activators.Design/methodology/approachThe formulation of coal-based synthetic natural gas slag geopolymer (CSNGSG) was determined by an orthogonal test, and then the strength mechanism and microstructure of CSNGSG were characterized by multi-scale tests.FindingsThe results show that the optimum ratio of CSNGSG was a sodium silicate modulus of 1.3, an alkali dosage of 21% and a water cement ratio of 0.36 and the maximum unconfined compressive strength of CSNGSG at 7 d was 26.88 MPa. The increase of curing temperature could significantly improve the compressive strength of CSNGSG, and the curing humidity had little effect on the compressive strength of CSNGSG. The development of the internal strength of CSNSG at high temperatures consumed SiO2, Al2O3 and CaO and the intensity of corresponding crystalline peaks decreased.Originality/valueMoreover, the vibration of chemical bonds in different wavenumbers also revealed the reaction mechanism of CSNSG from another perspective. Finally, the relevant test results indicated that CSNGS had practical application value as a raw material for the preparation of geopolymer cementing materials.
A 6DOF pose measurement method for metal casts object based on stereo vision sensor
Authors: Wan Guoyang , Hu Yaocong , Liu Bingyou , Bai Shoujun , Xing Kaisheng , Tao Xiuwen 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Presently, 6 Degree of Freedom (6DOF) visual pose measurement methods enjoy popularity in the industrial sector. However, challenges persist in accurately measuring the visual pose of blank and rough metal casts. Therefore, this paper introduces a 6DOF pose measurement method utilizing stereo vision, and aims to the 6DOF pose measurement of blank and rough metal casts.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper studies the 6DOF pose measurement of metal casts from three aspects: sample enhancement of industrial objects, optimization of detector and attention mechanism. Virtual reality technology is used for sample enhancement of metal casts, which solves the problem of large-scale sample sampling in industrial application. The method also includes a novel deep learning detector that uses multiple key points on the object surface as regression objects to detect industrial objects with rotation characteristics. By introducing a mixed paths attention module, the detection accuracy of the detector and the convergence speed of the training are improved.

Findings
The experimental results show that the proposed method has a better detection effect for metal casts with smaller size scaling and rotation characteristics.

Originality/value
A method for 6DOF pose measurement of industrial objects is proposed, which realizes the pose measurement and grasping of metal blanks and rough machined casts by industrial robots.
Impacts of bamboo dominance and die‐off on seedling dynamics in a tropical secondary forest (Brazil)
Authors: Grombone Guaratini Maria Tereza , Gomes Eduardo Pereira Cabral , Alves Luciana F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAulonemia aristulata is a tropical bamboo species of mixed rhizome type and monocarpic flowering that can become super‐dominant after anthropogenic disturbances in tropical forests. The synchronized reproductive events of flowering and die‐off of monocarpic bamboo systems provide a rare opportunity to evaluate the temporal effects of bamboo dominance on forest regeneration. To evaluate the effects of bamboo dominance on forest regeneration, we compared the structure (abundance, richness, composition) and dynamics (mortality, recruitment, survival and growth) of tree and shrub seedling communities from two non‐contiguous forests stands (bamboo‐dominated vs. non‐dominated sites) for 2 years, before and after a synchronized reproductive event. Bamboo dominated plots had higher abundance, floristic richness and recruitment of tree and shrub seedlings when compared with bamboo non‐dominated plots. Bamboo die‐off did not represent an opportunity to improve establishment and investment in the vertical growth (height) of seedlings in bamboo‐dominated plots. We postulate that the mode of rhizome extension seen in bamboos might be a consistent trait determining the spatial pattern of occupation and population structure and thereby playing a fundamental role in the pattern of native tree community establishment after bamboo die‐off. The formulation of a management approach is necessary in order to better understand the biological traits of bamboo species and their influence on the spatial pattern of occupation and population structure. Additionally, this influence may differently impact restoration and definition of management practices, including the need for direct intervention by manually controlling bamboo cover following die‐off to promote and maintain seedling establishment and diversity.
Long‐term changes in lung function after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass in patients with severe obesity
Authors: Roth Kjetil , Støle Maria , Vadseth Ingvild , Samstad Eivind Ottersen , Sandvik Jorunn , Hoff Dag Arne Lihaug 
Published: January 2024

SummaryObesity can decrease the lung function. The proposed mechanisms of reduced lung function in persons with obesity have been altered mechanical properties in the lung and chest wall, airway narrowing and increased respiratory resistance. The aim of this current study was to analyse the long‐term results after gastric bypass surgery in patients with reduced lung function. The bariatric surgery observation study invited patients to a follow up 10 years after gastric bypass surgery. We compared the spirometry results before surgery to the spirometry 10 years after surgery. Thirty percent of 198 participants had reduced lung function before surgery. There was no significant relation between body mass index before surgery and lung function. Seventy‐three percent of the participants with reduced lung function had normal lung function 10 years after surgery. There was no significant relation between the degree of weight loss and the improvement in lung function. Most participants with reduced lung function had normal lung function 10 years after gastric bypass surgery. There was no significant correlation between weight loss and improvement in lung function.