bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An angle-based leak detection method using pressure sensors in water distribution networks
Authors: Yu Huimin , Zhou Hua , Weng Xiaodan , Long Zhihong , Shao Yu , Yu Tingchao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Leak detection has significant implications for the long-term stable operation of water distribution networks (WDNs). This study presented a novel leak detection method by calculating the angular variance between a pressure vector and other vectors in the database, to evaluate the presence of an anomaly in a network. The top priority for this method was to establish a reliable dataset collected from the pressure sensors, which is generated by EPANET 2.2. Numerous node water demand data in normal conditions were generated by the Monte Carlo method, and leak conditions with various leak flows were simulated by creating leak holes in the pipes. Through learning the composite normal and abnormal data in a certain proportion, the angle-based outlier detection model was employed to identify abnormal events. This angle-based method was applied in an actual WDN and the identification performance for anomalies was compared with that of previous detection methods. The results indicated that the novel method proposed in this study could significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of leak detection compared to the threshold-based and distance-based detection methods.
Phosphorus removal from ore waste in aqueous solution with different mass of ore waste adsorbent from the Johor mine site
Authors: Abdullah Noorul Hudai , Nizam Wazif Hilmi Ahmad , Norhisham Muhammad Habil Izzuddin , Husaimi Nur Audrizety , Ngadiman Norhayati , Salim Nur Atikah Abdul , Abu Hassan Norzainariah , Muslim Nur Husna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Mine waste management is becoming a growing global environmental concern for mining industries all over the world. Due to the abundance of ore waste from mining industries, this study aimed to observe the possibility of using ore waste to remove phosphorus from a solution. Although phosphorus is one of the essential elements for plant life, excessive phosphorus in water becomes one of the environmental issues, e.g., eutrophication. This study analysed the prediction contour of removal efficiency with the mass of adsorbent needed under different initial concentrations of solution. The batch experiment used an aqueous solution of 5 mg/L using potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) at different masses of adsorbent (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 g). The highest removal efficiency for phosphorus using 10 g of adsorbent is 54.3%. The data verified that the pseudo-second-order model (0.9976) fitted well. The adsorption between ore waste adsorbent and phosphorus was chemical sorption, whereas the analysis of isotherm models fitted the Freundlich model, with the occurrence of multilayer adsorption on the adsorption surface. The ability of ore waste to remove phosphorus was successful. This approach is one of the alternatives to enhance tertiary wastewater treatment technologies.
Angiotensin-(1-7) Improves Islet β-cell Dedifferentiation by Activating
PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 Pathway
Authors: Guo Hao , Guo Dandan , An Min , Zhang Ruonan , Wang Caixia , He Junhua 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Islet β-cell dedifferentiation may be the main cause of reduced insulin secretion.
Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] can attenuate high glucose-induced apoptosis and dedifferentiation
of pancreatic β-cell, but the specific signal transduction pathway and mechanism are not
yet clear.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ang-(1-7) on high glucose-induced islet
β-cell dedifferentiation by activating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Protein kinase B/ Forkhead
box transcription factor O1 (PI3K/Akt/FoxO1) signaling pathway.

Methods:
The mouse islet β-cell line MIN6 cells were passaged and cultured and randomly divided
into five groups: control (Con) group, high glucose (HG) group, HG with Ang-(1-7) group, HG
with Ang-(1-7) and specific MasR antagonist A-779 group, and HG with Ang-(1-7) and PI3K inhibitor
LY294002 group. After 48 hours, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was detected
by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The mRNA and protein expression levels
of β-cell-specific factors (Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1), v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma
oncogene homolog A(MafA)) and endocrine progenitor cell-specific factors (Octamer
binding transcription factor 4(Oct4), Nanog) were measured by Real Time-PCR and Western blot.
The factors of protein expression levels of PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway (Akt, p-Akt, Fox-
O1, p-FoxO1) were determined by Western blot.

Results:
We observed for the first time that high glucotoxicity can induce dedifferentiation of pancreatic
islet β-cell, causing a decrease in insulin secretion levels and expression of Pdx1, MafA, p--
FoxO1, and p-Akt and an increase in expression of Oct4 and Nanog. After Ang-(1-7) intervention,
insulin secretion levels and expression of Pdx1, MafA, p-FoxO1 and p-Akt were increased, and
the levels of Oct4 and Nanog were reduced. However, A-779 and LY294002 could reverse this effect.
During these processes, the total Akt and total FoxO1 expression did not change significantly.

Conclusion:
Ang-(1-7) may prevent high glucose-induced pathological dedifferentiation of pancreatic
β-cell by activating the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
Curcuminoids Modulated the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 Signaling Pathway in LoVo
and HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Qian , Ding Yanting , Ou Ying , Li Manjing , Jithavech Ponsiree , Buranasudja Visarut , Sritularak Boonchoo , Xu Yichun , Rojsitthisak Pornchai , Han Junsong 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Curcuminoids, including curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdesmethoxycurcumin,
are natural polyphenolic compounds that exhibit various biological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
and anticancer activities. Dysregulation of the interleukin (IL)-6-mediated Janus kinase/signal
transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway is closely associated with the development
of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods:
Here, we have evaluated the modulation of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway of curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin,
and bisdesmethoxycurcumin in LoVo and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells with a single molecular array
(Simoa), western blot analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and pathway analysis system.

Results:
The study showed that curcuminoids suppressed the amount of IL-6 in LoVo and HT-29 colorectal
cancer cells. Meanwhile, curcuminoids inhibited the expression of inflammation regulator-related microRNA
(miRNA). We also found that the expression of total STAT3 was downregulated by curcuminoids. Moreover,
the pathway analysis system showed that curcuminoids inactivated the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Taken
together, we demonstrated that the anti-cancer activities of curcuminoids against colorectal cancer are due to
the modulation of the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 cascade.

Conclusion::
Curcuminoids could be a promising anti-cancer agent for the treatment of human colorectal cancer.
Zang Siwei Qingfei Mixture Alleviates Inflammatory Response to Attenuate Acute Lung Injury by the ACE2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mice
Authors: Lei Si , Wu Shangjie 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious lung disease characterized by acute
and severe inflammation. Upregulation of ACE2 and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway
attenuate LPS-induced ALI.

Objective:
To explore whether Zang Siwei Qingfei Mixture inhibits the development of ALI
through the ACE2/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Methods:
Alveolar type II epithelial cells (AEC II) were identified by immunofluorescence staining
and flow cytometry. C57BL/6J mice were treated with LPS to establish an ALI model. Cell viability
was assessed using CCK8 assays. The levels of ACE, ACE2, p-p38/p38, p-
ERK1/2/ERK1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-IκBα/IκB-α, p-NF-κBp65 were analyzed by Western blotting.
ELISA was applied to detect the levels of TNF-a, IL-6, AGT, and Ang1-7. HE staining was used to
observe lung injury. The mRNA expression of ACE, ACE2, and Mas was measured by RT-qPCR.

Results:
AEC II cells were successfully isolated. Treatment with the Zang Siwei Qingfei Mixture
resulted in a decrease in ACE, p-p38/p38, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2, p-JNK/JNK, p-IκBα/IκB-α,
p-NF-κBp65 levels, while increasing ACE2 levels. Zang Siwei Qingfei mixture also led to a reduction
in TNF-α, IL6, and AGT levels, while increasing Ang1-7 level. Histological analysis
showed that Zang Siwei Qingfei Mixture treatment improved the alveolar structure of ALI mice
and reduced inflammatory infiltration. The pretreatment with MLN-4760, an ACE2 inhibitor,
resulted in opposite effects compared to Zang Siwei Qingfei Mixture treatment.

Conclusion:
Zang Siwei Qingfei mixture attenuates ALI by regulating the ACE2/NF-κB signaling
pathway in mice. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of improved
ALI treatments.
Natural Plant Products Mediated Prevention of Cancer Facilitated
through Immune Suppression of Treg Cells
Authors: Mukherjee Oishi , Rakshit Sudeshna , Shanmugan Geetha , Sarkar Koustav 
Published: November 2023

Abstract::
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and numerous methods have been tested
and used to figure out an optimum way of treatment. Besides targeted therapy, immunotherapy
has proven to be effective by controlling certain immune cells. Traditional cancer therapy is met
with the consequences of adverse side effects that have been a major issue for treatment; hence, a
leap towards naturally occurring immunomodulators was taken to develop safer methods of treatment.
One of the major immune cells responsible for the growth of tumors is regulatory T cells
(Tregs). To maintain immunological homeostasis, Treg dampens abnormal immune responses to self
and non-self-antigens. The transcription factor FoxP3 is responsible for their lineage specification
and takes part in the production of immunosuppressive cytokines like IL10, IL35, and TGFb. This
helps cancer cells to proliferate without the restriction of different immune cells like CD8+T cells,
dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, B cells, and natural killer cells. Hence, targeting Tregs to
provide unhindered immunosurveillance has proven to be a breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy.
This review mainly focuses on some common naturally occurring immunomodulators derived
from plant products that have earned their place as immunotherapeutic agents, along with some of
their ability to suppress Tregs that can be used as an effective way to treat cancer.
Label-free and Colorimetric Sensitive Detection of SNPs Based on Catalytic Beacon and RNase Cleavage Reaction
Authors: Yu Zhaojiang , Zhao Chunxue 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are important hallmarks in various
pathological activities, especially genetic and inherited diseases, and detecting them with accuracy,
high throughput and low cost becomes increasingly necessary.

Methods:
Herein, we have developed a new label-free and sensitive detection method for SNPs
assay. Due to its favorable traits, the method presents an excellent performance. Briefly, the peroxidase-
mimicking catalytic activity of G-quadruplex-hemin DNAzymes ensures label-free and colorimetric
SNPs detection. At the same time, the RNA enzyme of the specific cleavage action can
easily achieve the recycling of RNA enzyme and signal amplification.

Results:
In this study, the P-hemin DNAzyme with target DNA could catalyze the H2O2-mediated
oxidation of ABTS to cause an observed color change compared to mutant DNA. The sensitivity
and detection range of the DNA biosensor was achieved through the signal amplification program
of special binding and cleavage of RNase H. A linear dependence of the absorbance at 420 nm on
the concentrations between 0.5 and 50 nM was obtained (R2=0.965), and the detection limit was
8.76 nM.

Conclusion:
A new strategy for signal amplification process based on RNase cleavage reaction
and Catalytic Beacon was constructed. Collectively, the developed SNPs assay might be extended
to a broad range of clinical early diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases.
Polymersomes as Next Generation Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery: Recent
Advances, Patents, Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Goel Surya , Singh Ruchi , Tonk Megha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Polymersomes (PS), self-assembled nanostructures formed by amphiphilic block copolymers, have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their
unique properties and versatile applications in the fields of drug delivery and biomedicine. They
are being prepared for a wide range of complex medicinal compounds, including nucleic acids,
proteins, and enzymes. Polymersomes have lately been used as vehicles for delivering varied
therapeutic substances and regulating ROS (reactive oxygen species). Due to their immunogenic
features, polymersomes could play a critical role in enhancing subunit vaccine and drug delivery
against COVID-19 infection.

Objective:
The prime purpose of this manuscript is to furnish an extensive overview of polymersomes, highlighting their recent advances, fabrication methods, characterization techniques,
and pharmaceutical applications.

Methods:
The article has been amassed using several online and offline manuscripts from reputed journals, books, and other resources. Besides this, various user-friendly interfaces, like Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc, have been utilized to gather the latest data about polymersomes. This
domain encompasses recent advancements in the realm of innovations about the delivery of
drugs through polymeric vesicles. This field involves innovations or developments in nanocarrier systems as they are efficaciously employed to deliver the desired moiety to the targeted site.

Results:
PS have been discovered to exhibit remarkable promise in addressing various challenges associated with inadequate bioavailability, targeted drug delivery, dosing frequency, and diminished toxic effects. Over the past decade, such nanovesicles have been effectively employed
as a complementary approach to address the issues arising from poorly soluble medications.
However, this domain still requires further focus on novel breakthroughs.

Conclusion:
Polymersomes demonstrate unparalleled potential as innovative carriers, exhibiting
remarkable versatility and exceptional biocompatibility. This concise review underscores their
extraordinary prospects in diverse fields, accentuating their distinctive attributes and opening
new avenues for groundbreaking applications.
Different Sources of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A
Comparison of Subchondral, Mandibular, and Tibia Bone-derived
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Hong-Yu , Guan Shu-Yuan , Yu Si-Han , Zhou Ya-Chuan , Zheng Li-Wei , Zhang Jun 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Stem cell properties vary considerably based on the source and tissue site
of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mandibular condyle is a unique kind of craniofacial bone
with a special structure and a relatively high remodeling rate. MSCs here may also be unique to
address specific physical needs.

Objective::
The aim of this study was to compare the proliferation and multidirectional differentiation
potential among MSCs derived from the tibia (TMSCs), mandibular ramus marrow (MMSCs),
and condylar subchondral bone (SMSCs) of rats in vitro.

Methods::
Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK-8, laser confocal, and cell
scratch assays. Histochemical staining and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the multidirectional
differentiation potential and DNA methylation and histone deacetylation levels.

Results::
The proliferation rate and self-renewal capacity of SMSCs were significantly higher than
those of MMSCs and TMSCs. Moreover, SMSCs possessed significantly higher mineralization
and osteogenic differentiation potential. Dnmt2, Dnmt3b, Hdac6, Hdac7, Hdac9, and Hdac10
may be instrumental in the osteogenesis of SMSCs. In addition, SMSCs are distinct from MMSCs
and TMSCs with lower adipogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation potential. The
multidirectional differentiation capacities of TMSCs were exactly the opposite of those of SMSCs,
and the results of MMSCs were intermediate.

Conclusion::
This research offers a new paradigm in which SMSCs could be a useful source of
stem cells for further application in stem cell-based medical therapies due to their strong cell renewal
and osteogenic capacity.
Curcumin Suppresses M2 Macrophage-derived Paclitaxel Chemoresistance through
Inhibition of PI3K-AKT/STAT3 Signaling
Authors: Deswal Bhawna , Bagchi Urmi , Kapoor Sonia 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Breast cancer is the leading cancer in women worldwide. The development of chemoresistance
that leads to recurrence and mortality remains a major concern. M2-type tumor-associated macrophages
(TAMs), present in the breast tumor microenvironment, secrete various cytokines and growth factors that induce
chemoresistance. Curcumin, isolated from Curcuma longa, is known to sensitize cancer cells and increase
the efficacy of standard chemotherapeutic agents. However, the effect of curcumin on the chemoresistancegenerating
ability of M2 TAMs is not known.

Objective:
The study aimed to determine whether curcumin could modulate M2 macrophages and suppress their
ability to induce resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer cells.

Methods:
THP-1 cells were differentiated to M2 macrophages using PMA and IL-4/IL-13 in the presence or
absence of curcumin in vitro. The effect of the conditioned medium of M2 macrophages on inducing resistance
towards paclitaxel in MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 cells was analyzed by cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis,
wound healing and transwell migration assays. RT-PCR analysis was used to determine the mRNA expression of
anti-inflammatory cytokines in M2 macrophages. The effect of curcumin on TGF-β, pAKT, and pSTAT3 in M2
macrophages was analyzed by western blotting.

Results:
Our data revealed that the M2 macrophages polarized in the presence of curcumin lacked the ability to
generate chemoresistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer cell lines. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the expression
of TGF-β to be highest amongst M2 macrophage-secreted cytokines. We observed that purified recombinant
TGF-β generated chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. We found that curcumin treatment abrogated the expression
of TGF-β in M2 macrophages and suppressed their ability to induce chemoresistance in breast cancer cells.
STITCH analysis showed strong interaction between curcumin and AKT/STAT3 pathway. Mechanistically, curcumin
inhibited PI3K/AKT/STAT3 signaling in M2 macrophages. Western blot analysis revealed that M2 TAM
CM, but not curcumin-treated macrophage CM, activated COX2/NF-κB in breast cancer cells.

Conclusion:
Our results showed that curcumin reduced the chemoresistance-generating ability of M2 TAMs. The
study has revealed a non-cancer cell-autonomous mechanism by which curcumin partly overcomes the chemoresistance
of paclitaxel in breast cancer.
Amelioration of 5-Fluorouracil Induced Nephrotoxicity by Acacia catechu
through Overcoming Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in Wistar Rats
Authors: Gadekar Gayatri Jaising , Bhandare Pranali Anandrao , Bandawane Deepti Dinesh 
Published: November 2023

Aim:
The research intended to explore the possible nephroprotective potential of the
ethyl acetate fraction derived from Acacia catechu leaves against nephrotoxicity brought about
by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in Wistar rats.

Background:
While possessing strong anticancer properties, 5-FU is hindered in its therapeutic
application due to significant organ toxicity linked to elevated oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objective:
The study is undertaken to conduct an analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction of A. catechu leaves both in terms of quality and quantity, examining its impact on different biochemical
and histopathological parameters within the context of 5-FU-induced renal damage in rats and
elucidation of the mechanism behind the observed outcomes.

Methodology:
Intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day over 5 days was
given to induce nephrotoxicity in rats. The evaluation of nephrotoxicity involved quantifying
serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, and electrolyte concentrations. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase, catalase antioxidant enzymes, and TNF-α concentration in serum were also measured.

Results:
5-FU injection led to the initiation of oxidative stress within the kidneys, leading to
modifications in renal biomarkers (including serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, and Na+
, K+ levels), and a reduction in antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase and catalase. Notably,
the presence of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was significantly elevated due to 5-FU. Microscopic examination of renal tissue revealed tubular degeneration and congestion. However,
treatment involving the ethyl acetate fraction derived from A. catechu leaves effectively and
dose-dependently reversed the changes observed in renal biomarkers, renal antioxidant enzymes,
inflammatory mediators, and histopathological features, bringing them closer to normal conditions. The observed recuperative impact was mainly attributed to the antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of the fraction.

Conclusion:
The ethyl acetate fraction of A. catechu leaves exhibited a mitigating influence on
the renal impairment caused by 5-FU, showcasing its potential as a nephroprotective agent capable of preventing and ameliorating 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity.
The Thyroid-cardiac Axis: Thyroid Function, Cardiac Rhythmology, and
Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Spartalis Michael , Spartalis Eleftherios , Paschou Stavroula A. , Iliopoulos Dimitrios C. , Siasos Gerasimos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract::
It is well known that thyroid dysfunction increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality
and morbidity. The pleiotropic effect of thyroid hormones has a profound effect on the cardiovascular
system, influencing both the formation of a normal cardiac rhythm and rhythm disturbance.
A number of research studies have demonstrated correlations between TSH and FT4
levels and significant cardiovascular events. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying
these complex associations are, however, inadequately defined. A system-based examination of
the relationship between thyroid homeostasis and cardiovascular disease could pave the way for
novel study areas and a more individualised strategy for the management of individuals at cardiovascular
risk.
Successful Pregnancy and Delivery after Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Combined with Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease: A Case
Report
Authors: Du Mengyang , Peng Liying , Zhang Ruixiu , Bao Shihua 
Published: November 2023

Background::
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is extremely rare in the early
stage of undifferentiated connective tissue disease. Patients with POI find it difficult to achieve
successful pregnancy and delivery.

Case Presentation::
A 27-year-old female visited an outpatient department for premature ovarian
insufficiency (POI) and infertility. She had regular menstrual periods since she was 14 years
old and had no history of systemic disease. Laboratory tests showed low estrogen (15 ng/L,
range 19.6-144.2 ng/L), elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (34 U/L), low anti-Mullerian
hormone (0.1 μg/L), normal prolactin (11.48 ng/mL), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
levels (0.97 mU/L). She demonstrated smaller bilateral ovarian volume and positivity to antinuclear
and antiphospholipid antibodies. After the failure of conventional drug therapy and in vitro
fertilization, the patient became pregnant naturally after treatment with glucocorticoids.

Conclusion::
Immunosuppression could help improve ovarian function and pregnancy outcomes
in POI patients, but the therapeutic mechanisms are not clear and should be elucidated with
more clinical studies.