bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ontologies4Cat: Investigating the Landscape of Ontologies for Catalysis Research Data Management
Authors: Behr Alexander Stephan , Borgelt Hendrik , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As scientific digitization advances it is imperative ensuring data is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) for machine-processable data. Ontologies play a vital role in enhancing data FAIRness by explicitly representing knowledge in a machine-understandable format. Research data in catalysis research often exhibits complexity and diversity, necessitating a respectively broad collection of ontologies. While ontology portals such as EBI OLS and BioPortal aid in ontology discovery, they lack deep classification, while quality metrics for ontology reusability and domains are absent. Thus, this work provides an approach for systematic collection of ontology metadata with focus on the catalysis research data value chain.By cassifying ontologies by subdomains of catalysis research, the approach is offering efficient comparison across ontologies.Furthermore, a workflow and codebase is presented, facilitating representation of the metadata on GitHub. Finally, a method is presented to automatically map the classes contained in the ontologies of the metadata collection against each other, providing further insights on relatedness of the ontologies listed.The presented methodology is designed for its reusability, enabling its adaptation to other ontology collections or domains of knowledge.
The ontology metadata taken up for this work and the code developed and described in this work are available in a GitHub repository at: https://github.com/nfdi4cat/Ontology-Overview-of-NFDI4Cat/jcheminf
Object classification with aggregating multiple spatial views using a machine-learning approach
Authors: Grác Šimon , Beňo Peter , Duchoň František , Malý Michal , Dekan Martin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The article proposes a solution for object classification using multiple views generated from 3D data rendering and convolutional neural networks. For presentation purposes and easier verification of the solution, an application was developed to create views of 3D objects, classify them using the selected CNN and evaluate the performance of the CNN. The evaluation is based on metrics and characteristics described in the article. Seven testing objects were used to verify the proposed solution; five CNNs were tested for each.
Illness Perceptions in People with Chronic and Disabling Non-Specific Neck Pain: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Kragting Maaike , Pool-Goudzwaard Annelies L. , Coppieters Michel W. , O'Sullivan Peter , Voogt Lennard 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Illness perceptions can affect the way people with musculoskeletal pain emotionally and behaviorally cope with their health condition. Understanding patients illness perceptions may help facilitate patient-centered care. The purpose of this study was to explore illness perceptions and the origin of those perceptions in people with chronic disabling non-specific neck pain.
Methods
A qualitative study using a deductive and inductive analytical approach was conducted in 20 people with persistent (> 3 months) and disabling (i.e., Neck Disability Index ≥ 15) neck pain. Using a semi-structured format, participants were interviewed about their illness perceptions according to Leventhal’s Common Sense Model. Purposive sampling and member checking were used to secure validity of study results.
Results
Participants reported multiple symptoms, thoughts and emotions related to their neck pain, which continuously required attention and action. They felt trapped within a complex multifactorial problem. Although some participants had a broader biopsychosocial perspective to understand their symptoms, a biomedical perspective was dominant in the labelling of their condition and their way of coping (e.g., limiting load, building strength and resilience, regaining mobility, keep moving and being meaningful). Their perceptions were strongly influenced by information from clinicians. Several participants indicated that they felt uncertain, because the information they received was contradictory or did not match their own experiences.
Conclusion
Most participants reported that understanding their pain was important to them and influenced how they coped with pain. Addressing this ‘sense making process’ is a prerequisite for providing patient-centered care.
Beyond biophobia: positive appraisal of bats among German residents during the COVID-19 pandemic - with consequences for conservation intentions
Authors: Straka Tanja M. , Coleman Joanna , Macdonald Ewan A. , Rogge Svea , Kingston Tigga , Jacobs Maarten H. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Bats are often considered to be objects of biophobia, the tendency to respond with a negative emotion, such as fear or disgust, even more so during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, existing studies have rarely compared both positive and negative emotions towards bats, leading to a potential negativity bias. This is crucial as emotions are important in human behavior, in relation to bats, for instance, in bat conservation-related actions. In two online surveys conducted among German residents, we aimed to i) assess both positive and negative emotions toward bats, ii) examine emotional shifts during the pandemic, and iii) explore how emotions, along with socio-demographics, predict intentions for bat conservation actions. The first survey was undertaken ten months after the official declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic (December 2020 - January 2021), when bats gained societal attention due to speculation about the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the second twelve months later (January 2022). Overall, respondents held higher positive emotions than negative ones towards bats in both surveys, with no significant emotional shift observed. Positive emotions positively correlated with intentions for bat conservation actions, while negative emotions did not show such a connection. Although our findings might be context-specific to the German or European population due to EU legislation protecting bats and their habitats, they highlight the nuanced and complicated emotions that can be associated with certain species. Understanding these emotions can guide targeted conservation strategies and public outreach. Our results caution against overly generalizing biophobia discussions in conservation.
Mixed Reality Representation of Hazard Zones while Collaborating with a Robot: Sense of Control over Own Safety
Authors: Martin Ane San , Kildal Johan , Lazkano Elena 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Safety is the main concern in human-robot collaboration (HRC) in work environments. Standard safety measures based on reducing robot speed affect productivity of collaboration, and do not inform workers adequately about the state of the robot, leading to stressful situations due to uncertainty. To grant the user control over safety, we investigate using audio, visual and audio-visual mixed reality (MR) displays that inform about the boundaries of zones with different levels of hazard. We describe the design of the hazard displays for scenario of collaboration with a real robot. We then report an experimental user study with 24 users, comparing performance and user experience (UX) obtained with the auditory display, the visual display, and the audio-visual display resulting from combining both. Findings suggest that all modalities are suitable for HRC scenarios, warranting similar performance during collaboration. However, distinct qualitative results were observed between displays, indicating differences in the UX obtained.
Optical Strain Engineering Enables Dynamic Spatial Control of 2D Nanomaterial Properties
Authors: Kadodwala Malcolm , Lalaguna Paula Laborda , Souchu Paul , Mackinnon Neel , Crimin Frances , Kumar Rahul , Chaubey Shailendra Kumar , Sarguroh Asma , McWilliam Amy , Ganin Alexey , MacLaren Donald , Franke-Arnold Sonja , Götte Jörg , Barnett Stephen , Gadegaard Nikolaj 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the era of next generation electronic technologies, the pursuit of reconfigurable circuitry is one of the key strategies for enhancing performance and functionality. The prevailing approach involves utilising individual components with dual functionality to provide reconfigurability. While valuable, this method remains an interim solution, necessitating a platform for recurrent circuitry redesign tailored to specific tasks. The realisation of this technological leap hinges on spatially resolved, dynamic manipulation of a material's electronic properties, an achievement demonstrated herein. We harness the optical forces and torques wielded by light beams endowed with orbital angular momentum to manipulate single monolayers of two-dimensional materials. We provide proof-of-principle evidence for the localised induction of strains that can be used to dynamically control electronic properties within a discrete area. This phenomenon, exemplified using graphene and WS2 monolayers, introduces a transformative paradigm of all-optical strain engineering. It offers an innovative strategy for reconfigurable devices, including the potential for reversible (write-erase-rewrite) optical patterning of electrical circuitry.
Design of IoT Wireless Programmer for Microchip AVR Microcontrollers’ OTA Firmware Updates
Authors: ahemd ahmed , Badawy Wael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sensor Networks (WSN) are mainly composed of intelligent interconnected devices (things) that require remote ubiquitous over-the-air re-programming. Conse- quently, existing functionalities are updated, and firmware errors and security flaws are corrected along with the addition of new functionality. These enable their designated applications to be dynamically re-purposed. In this paper, a reliable design of an IoT Wireless Microchip ATMEL AVR Programmer device that provides firmware OTA updates utilizing Wi-Fi and LoRa technologies is proposed. It supports both the official Program and Debug Interface (PDI) and Tiny Programming Interface (TPI) for Microchip ATMEL AVR programming and debug- ging. TPI and PDI protocols are supported by the Microchip ATMEL AVR ATtiny and ATxmega family of microcontrollers. The research’s fundamental contribution is to realize wireless communication for the standard official Microchip ATMEL AVR Programmer for remotely writing, reading, erasing, and verifying a microcontroller’s Flash and EEPROM memories without the need for a custom bootloader. Simulations are performed utilizing the AVRDUDESS and the NetBurner Virtual COMM Port Converter applications that proved robust firmware OTA up- dating procedures. Experimental work is conducted on the AVR ATtiny10/20 and ATxmega32A4U microcontrollers, which proved an outstanding performance of sending a 6.315KB firmware file within 25 and 35 seconds using Wi-Fi and LoRa respectively.
Deep Learning for Autonomous Vehicle Object Detection
Authors: ARTHAM SAINITHIN , Borde Swarali , Shekhar Shashank 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This research explores deep neural networks (VGG16, AlexNet,and GoogleNet) for object classification and detection in autonomousvehicles. We use public datasets like Udacity and Penn-Fudan. VGG16achieves near-perfect accuracy, AlexNet performs well, and GoogleNetexcels but with longer processing times. Balancing accuracy and efficiencyis crucial for real-time computer vision in autonomous driving.Future work may focus on transfer learning with VGG16 or dataset augmentation.This study provides insights for deep learning models to enhanceindependent vehicle safety and efficiency.
Water infrastructure sustainability in Nigeria: a systematic review of challenges and sustainable solutions
Authors: Adeoti Oluwagbemi Samuel , Kandasamy Jaya , Vigneswaran Saravanamuthu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Using the PRISMA method, this systematic literature review synthesized findings from 15 studies to elucidate the key factors contributing to water infrastructure failure in Nigeria and propose evidence-based sustainable solutions. The study identified technical, financial, environmental, social, political, and institutional factors as predominant challenges in achieving water infrastructure sustainability. In response to these challenges, the researcher proposes a comprehensive ‘Sustainability Framework for Water Infrastructure’. This framework is designed to guide every stage of water infrastructure development, starting from pre-construction with an emphasis on inclusive project planning, followed by the construction phase where suitable techniques are utilized, and extending to the post-construction stage, focusing on efficient monitoring and management mechanisms. The study highlights the complexity of water infrastructure sustainability in Nigeria and underscores the urgent need for a structured and comprehensive approach to address this pressing issue.
Opieka pielęgniarska nad pacjentem z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po koronarografii
Authors: Słomczewska Daria , Antczak-Komoterska Anna 
Published: October 2023

Wstęp. Na podstawie literatury oraz artykułów naukowych w pracy precyzyjnie zobrazowano anatomię ludzkiego serca, charakterystykę ostrego zespołu wieńcowego, epidemiologię i etiologię. Omówiono objawy i powikłania ostrego zespołu wieńcowego. Przedstawiono kwalifikacje pacjenta do koronarografii oraz udział opieki pielęgniarskiej nad pacjentem po angiografii tętnic wieńcowych. Scharakteryzowano problemy, z którymi boryka się pacjent oraz zaproponowano interwencje pielęgniarskie, biorąc pod uwagę wywiad z chorym i przeprowadzone badanie fizykalne.
Cel. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zadań pielęgniarki oraz określenie problemów pielęgnacyjnych pacjenta z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po przeprowadzonym zabiegu koronarografii.
Prezentacja przypadku. Pacjent, lat 66, przyjęty w oddział intensywnej opieki kardiologicznej, z powodu bólu w klatce piersiowej, zlokalizowanym za mostkiem, o charakterze pieczenia, który promieniuje do lewej ręki, pojawiającej się duszności, kołataniem serca i potliwością. Obecnie pacjent jest w I dobie po koronarografii. Chory nie zgłasza dolegliwości bólowych ze strony serca, jednak informuje o bólu, zaczerwienieniu oraz zasinieniu w miejscu nakłucia. Pacjent odczuwa niepokój związany ze swoim stanem zdrowia, czuje się osamotniony, jego nastrój jest średni. Chory wymaga pomocy personelu pielęgniarskiego w czynnościach samoobsługowych.
Wnioski. Zaczerpnięte twierdzenia opracowane w pracy na podstawie piśmiennictwa, artykułów naukowych oraz zastosowaniu wdrożenia procesu pielęgnowania wobec pacjenta z ostrym zespołem wieńcowym po koronarografii w poprawny i oczywisty sposób ukazują zaangażowanie pielęgniarek wobec pacjenta. Opieka pielęgniarska nad chorym po koronarografii polega przede wszystkim na: monitorowaniu parametrów życiowych chorego i ich dokumentowanie, systematycznym ocenianiu miejsca nakłucia tętnicy, obserwowaniu pacjenta, podaży leków przeciwbólowych na pisemne zlecenie lekarskie, ocenianiu poziomu nasilenia niepokoju, udzieleniu wsparcia oraz rzetelnych informacji na temat przebytego ostrego zespołu wieńcowego i przeprowadzonego zabiegu koronarografii. Bardzo ważnym działaniem jest także edukacja pacjenta, której zadaniem jest wyrównanie wiedzy oraz zapewnienie choremu niezbędnych umiejętności do lepszej samoopieki.
Analysis and comprehensive assessment of the development and application of the neural network dialogue system ChatGPT
Authors: Machueva D. A. , Baraev D. R. , Bechurkaev T. M.-A. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. Today, significant and in many ways sensational results are being achieved in the field of artificial intelligence systems, and the ChatGPT bot, which is based on the GPT-3 neural network, is called a real revolution in the world of technology.The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the application features, advantages and limitations, as well as development factors and reasons for the extraordinary popularity of the neural network dialogue system ChatGPT.Method. A review of domestic and foreign sources, systematization of data, analysis of the architecture and mechanism of action of the neural network was carried out. Result. Functions, opportunities, scopes and risks of using ChatGPT are summarized and evaluated.Conclusions. The main function of ChatGPT – text generation based on given input data – allows to effectively solve a wide range of tasks that have not been automated before, and the quality of the solution is comparable to human work. However, it is important to avoid the risks associated with the possibility of abuse and receiving incorrect and malicious responses from artificial intelligence. This requires control measures, the development and introduction of standards and norms.
Correction of the optimal regulator based on solving the inverse problem of optimal stabilization with vector control
Authors: Nikulin V. V. , Mishin P. A. , Mishina P. A. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. The problem of designing controllers that implement a given programmed movement of a controlled object and the problem of determining the movement of a dynamic system are two main problems in classical control theory. This article discusses the solution of direct and inverse optimal stabilization problems. The state vector is assumed to be completely available for measurement.Method. Based on the optimality ratio linking the weight coefficients of the quadratic quality functional and the optimal gain matrix, which closes the control object, it is proposed to use a numerical method for determining the functional matrices. Mathematical models of autonomous fully controlled objects were used for the study, the formation of which was carried out randomly, in particular, according to the normal distribution law.Result. The initial stage of the solution is associated with modal synthesis, the result of which is a proportional regulator that provides stabilization of the control object by the location of the poles of the synthesized system. The next step is to determine the weighting coefficients of the functional by numerically solving the optimality ratio. The final stage is the solution of the direct optimal stabilization problem, which is based on the Lagrange variational problem. As a result, the optimal regulator is calculated, which, when switched on in a closed system instead of a modal one, reduces the duration of the transient process.Conclusion. The proposed approach of the authors allows minimizing to a certain extent the transients of the adjusted control system.
Using biometric data to protect information
Authors: Vlasov K. N. , Tolstykh O. V. , Isaev O. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. An urgent task is to evaluate the system for protecting access to information while minimizing errors, based on the use of human biometric data. It is necessary to evaluate and compare methods and solutions of biometric authentication, and the possibility of combining them.Method. The method for assessing and comparing biometric authentication methods and solutions is based on practical experience and regulatory and technical documentation on the use of biometric data for information security purposes. It is necessary to complicate the possibility of unauthorized access to information. At the same time, improving the system should not worsen the comfort of a legitimate user when trying to access. The remaining tasks are to reduce entry time and simplify the system.Result. An assessment of biometric authentication methods and solutions was carried out and a solution was proposed for the development of biometric authentication systems to protect against unauthorized access, the key criteria in which were the complexity of hacking, user comfort, login time and simplification of the system.Conclusion. The optimal solution in the development of biometric authentication systems would be to use multi-factor authentication using dynamic parameters of the access subject. A modern biometric authentication system should be installed taking into account the level of security required at the time.
Research of thermoelectric null-thermostat
Authors: Evdulov O. V. , Magomedov D. A. , Magomedov R. M. , Shikhabidov K. A. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. The purpose of the study is to develop and study the design of a thermoelectric null-thermostat, characterized by low power consumption, in which high accuracy of temperature stabilization of the reference junctions of differential thermocouples is achieved by placing them directly near the water-ice interface.Method. The study was carried out on an experimental model of a thermoelectric null-thermostat. To study heat transfer processes, visual observation of the movement of the ice-water interface in the null-thermostat chamber was carried out. Temperature values were recorded at the lower and upper bases of the chamber, as well as at the hot and cold junctions of the thermoelectric module (TEM) using thermocouples.Result. The dependences of the change in temperature of the upper and lower base of the working chamber, as well as the phase boundary over time, the duration of time for complete ice penetration on the TEM supply current, and the temperature difference, respectively, between the surface of the cold junction of the TEM and the lower base of the working chamber were obtained , the surface of the hot junction of the thermal module and the upper base of the working chamber.Conclusion. It has been established that the speed of movement of the phase boundary strongly depends on the value of the supply current of the thermoelectric battery, which corresponds to the heat flow at the upper and lower base of the working chamber. As follows from the data presented, the change in temperature of the upper base is more noticeable than the lower one. At a current of 2, 4 and 6 A, the speed of movement of the phase boundary is 0.007 m/h, 0.01 m/h and 0.013 m/h, respectively. In this case, the duration of complete melting of ice, corresponding to the duration of operation of the null thermostat, when the TEM supply current changes from 2 to 7 A, is reduced from 1,91⋅104 s to 1,38⋅104.
Practical Malware Analysis
Authors: Elizarov D. A. , Katkov A. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. Currently, the main method of attack on organizations is malware. The problem of strengthening protection against this type of attack remains relevant and requires new approaches. The main task is to analyze malware to assess threats and timely detection and take action.Method. For analysis, you should use an isolated environment with a customized environment and software.Result. This paper describes the process of creating an isolated stand for malware analysis and conducted a practical analysis of the malware.bin file taken from the cyberdefenders.org educational resource. Network interfaces are configured to prevent impact to the network that connects the two virtual machines. As a result of the analysis of the techniques and features used in this malware, it was revealed that it belongs to the Dridex family of banking Trojans. To obtain information from this family, you can use the AppGate Lab Dridex Toolkit.Conclusion. Based on the analysis performed using static and dynamic methods, detection rules can be developed for further identification of malware.