bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
6‐Nitrodopamine is an endogenous mediator of the rabbit corpus cavernosum relaxation
Authors: Lima Antonio Tiago , Britto‐Júnior José , Moraes Manoel Odorico , Moraes Maria Elisabete A. , Fregonesi Adriano , Monica Fabíola Z. , Antunes Edson , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground6‐Nitrodopamine (6‐ND) is a novel endogenous catecholamine that has a potent relaxant action on vascular smooth muscle in vitro.ObjectivesTo evaluate the basal release of 6‐ND and noradrenaline from rabbit‐isolated corpus cavernosum (RbCC) and its relaxing action on this tissue.MethodsRabbit corpus cavernosa were dissected and suspended in a 5‐mL organ bath containing oxygenated Krebs‐Henseleit's solution. 6‐ND and noradrenaline release was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The relaxant activity of 6‐ND was assessed in RbCC strips pre‐contracted with endothelin‐1 (10 nM).ResultsRabbit corpus cavernosum presented basal release of both 6‐ND (2.9 ± 0.8 ng/mL, n = 12) and noradrenaline (1.7 ± 1.3 ng/mL, n = 12). The 6‐ND release was reduced by pre‐treatment with Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME) (100 µM), whereas that of noradrenaline was unaffected. Tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 µM) abolished the noradrenaline release but had no effect on 6‐ND release, indicating a non‐neurogenic origin for 6‐ND. 6‐ND and the selective dopamine D2‐agonist L‐741,626 caused concentration‐dependent RbCC relaxations (pEC50 of 11 ± 0.15 and 11.15 ± 0.28, respectively). Pre‐treatment with either l‐NAME or the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H‐[1,2,4] oxadiazolo[4,3‐a]quinoxalin‐1‐on (ODQ) (100 µM) caused a rightward shift of the concentration–response curve to 6‐ND, without affecting the L‐741,626 responses. In TTX (100 nM)‐pre‐treated preparations, neither l‐NAME nor ODQ shifted the 6‐ND concentration–response curve. Dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline caused concentration‐dependent RbCC contractions. Pre‐incubation with 6‐ND concentration‐dependently inhibited the dopamine‐induced contractions, without affecting those induced by either noradrenaline or adrenaline.Discussion and conclusion6‐Nitrodopamine is the most potent endogenous relaxant agent in RbCC ever described and represents a novel mechanism by which NO causes corpus cavernosum smooth muscle relaxation. The finding that 6‐ND acts as a truly selective dopamine D2‐receptor antagonist indicates that the balance of dopamine and 6‐ND release/synthesis may be the main mechanism that modulates corpus cavernosum smooth muscle tonus in vivo.
The effect of patient age on some new and older IOL power calculation formulas
Authors: Sella Ruti , Reitblat Olga , Durnford Kathryn M. , Pettey Jeff H. , Olson Randall J. , Hahn Tara E. , Bernhisel Ashlie A. , Afshari Natalie A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo assess the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in different age groups using various IOL calculation formulas.MethodsData from 421 eyes of 421 patients ≥60 years old (ages: 60–69, n = 131; 70–74, n = 105; 75–84, n = 158 and ≥85, n = 27), who underwent uneventful cataract surgery with SN60WF IOL implantation at John A. Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, USA, were retrospectively obtained. The SD of the prediction error (PE), median and mean absolute PEs and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25, ±0.50, ±0.75 and ±1.00 D were calculated after constant optimizations for the following formulas: Barrett Universal II (BUII), Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO) 2.0, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Hoffer QST, Holladay 1, Kane, Radial Basis Function (RBF) 3.0 and SRK/T. Results were compared between the different age groups.ResultsPredictability rates within 0.25D were lower for the eldest age group compared with the other groups using the EVO 2.0 (33% vs. 37%–53%, p = 0.045), Kane (26% vs. 35%–50%, p = 0.034) and SRK/T (22% vs. 31%–49%, p = 0.002). Higher median absolute refractive errors for all formulas were observed in the oldest group [range: 0.39 D (Haigis, Hoffer QSR)–0.48 D (Kane)], followed by the youngest group [range: 0.30 D (RBF 3.0)–0.39 D (Holladay 1, SRK/T)] but did not reach statistical significance. No significant differences between the groups in the distribution parameter were seen.ConclusionCurrent IOL power calculation formulas may have variable accuracy for different age groups. This should be taken into account when planning cataract surgery to improve refractive outcomes.
An orally available Cav2.2 calcium channel inhibitor for the treatment of neuropathic pain
Authors: Kutzsche Janine , Guzman Gustavo A. , Willuweit Antje , Kletke Olaf , Wollert Esther , Gering Ian , Jürgens Dagmar , Breitkreutz Jörg , Stark Holger , Beck‐Sickinger Annette G. , Klöcker Nikolaj , Hidalgo Patricia , Willbold Dieter 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeNeuropathic pain affects up to 10% of the global population and is caused by an injury or a disease affecting the somatosensory, peripheral, or central nervous system. NP is characterized by chronic, severe and opioid‐resistant properties. Therefore, its clinical management remains very challenging. The N‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel, Cav2.2, is a validated target for therapeutic intervention in chronic and neuropathic pain. The conotoxin ziconotide (Prialt®) is an FDA‐approved drug that blocks Cav2.2 channel but needs to be administered intrathecally. Thus, although being principally efficient, the required application route is very much in disfavour.Experimental Approach and Key ResultsHere, we describe an orally available drug candidate, RD2, which competes with ziconotide binding to Cav2.2 at nanomolar concentrations and inhibits Cav2.2 almost completely reversible. Other voltage‐gated calcium channel subtypes, like Cav1.2 and Cav3.2, were affected by RD2 only at concentrations higher than 10 μM. Data from sciatic inflammatory neuritis rat model demonstrated the in vivo proof of concept, as low‐dose RD2 (5 mg·kg‐1) administered orally alleviated neuropathic pain compared with vehicle controls. High‐dose RD2 (50 mg·kg‐1) was necessary to reduce pain sensation in acute thermal response assessed by the tail flick test.Conclusions and ImplicationsTaken together, these results demonstrate that RD2 has antiallodynic properties. RD2 is orally available, which is the most convenient application form for patients and caregivers. The surprising and novel result from standard receptor screens opens the room for further optimization into new promising drug candidates, which address an unmet medical need.
Increased body mass index is negatively associated with ovarian reserve as measured by anti‐Müllerian hormone in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Kloos Jacqueline , Perez Jaime , Weinerman Rachel 
Published: December 2023

SummaryAnti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) is commonly used as a marker of ovarian reserve. Although obesity is associated with decreased fertility, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and AMH remains uncertain, hindering the accurate interpretation of AMH. We sought to assess the relationship between serum AMH and BMI in patients with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This study analysed 500 patients at a single centre between 2020 and 2021. Patients were divided into cohorts: those with BMI <40 kg/m2 and those with BMI >40 kg/m2. Patients with and without PCOS were included. Chi‐square tests, Fisher's exact tests, multiple linear regression analysis and independent t‐tests were performed as appropriate. In the general study population, serum AMH was not significantly different in the BMI >40 kg/m2 group compared to the BMI <40 kg/m2 group (4.3 ± 5.6 vs. 4.3 ± 5.6, p = .35). Patient ages between these two groups differed, with an average age of 35.4 ± 5.4 years in the BMI <40 kg/m2 group and 33.7 ± 5.4 years in the BMI <40 kg/m2 group (p = .031). Our multivariate regression analysis, which adjusted for age, demonstrated a significant interaction effect between BMI and PCOS diagnosis, indicating that the relationship between BMI and AMH is dependent on PCOS status (β = −.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.05, 0.00, p = .044). In patients without PCOS, we found a non‐significant relationship between AMH and BMI (β = .00, 95% CI −0.01, 0.01, p = .7); however, in patients with PCOS, AMH significantly decreased as BMI increased (β = −.03, 95% CI −0.06, 0.00, p = .034). BMI has an inverse association with AMH levels in patients with PCOS, indicating a need for future research to determine if that interaction represents a clinically significant negative effect on reproductive function.
Icatibant averting mechanical ventilation in acute ischemic stroke patient with alteplase‐induced orolingual angioedema
Authors: Theodorou Aikaterini , Dimitriadou Evangelia‐Makrina , Tzanetakos Dimitrios , Bakola Eleni , Chondrogianni Maria , Palaiodimou Lina , Keramida Anna , Vassilopoulou Sofia , Makris Michael , Paraskevas Georgios P. , Tsivgoulis Georgios 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeOrolingual angioedema (OA) represents a rare but life‐threatening complication among patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase. Novel agents, including icatibant, are recommended in resistant patients with alteplase‐induced OA who have failed to respond to first‐line therapies including corticosteroids, antihistamines, and/or adrenaline.MethodsWe present a patient with alteplase‐induced OA who showed substantial clinical improvement following the administration of icatibant.ResultsWe describe a 71‐year‐old woman with known arterial hypertension under treatment with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor, who presented with acute ischemic stroke in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery and received intravenous alteplase. During intravenous thrombolysis, the case was complicated with OA without any response to standard anaphylactic treatment including corticosteroids, dimetindene, and adrenaline. Thirty minutes after symptom onset, icatibant, a synthetic selective bradykinin B2‐receptor antagonist, was administered subcutaneously. Substantial symptomatic resolution was observed only following the icatibant administration.ConclusionsThis case highlights the effectiveness of icatibant in the acute management of alteplase‐induced OA. In particular, icatibant administration, following first‐line therapies including corticosteroids, antihistamines, and/or adrenaline, may avert tracheostomy and intubation in resistant and refractory cases with OA following intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.
A model of hope as a protective measure to lower burnout and secondary traumatic stress among employees working in developmental and intellectual disabilities services
Authors: Miller Christina R. , Pharris Angela B. , Hellman Chan M. , Swann Joshua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundBurnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) are problems for the workforce supporting people with developmental disabilities. This study investigated hope as a potential protective resource for burnout and STS among the developmental disability services workforce.MethodOne hundred and fifty‐two non‐supervisor caseworkers from a state agency, developmental disabilities division were recruited to participate in an anonymous web‐based survey.ResultsThe analyses showed that hope was negatively associated with the three dimensions of STS (intrusion, avoidance, and arousal) and burnout. Controlling for tenure in the workforce and STS, the results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that hope accounted for a significant incremental variance to burnout.ConclusionThese findings provide support for emerging literature showing hope as a protective resource to workforce burnout.
THE MODERN OIL INDUSTRY IN IRAN: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND REVIEW
Authors: Ala Mike , Sorkhabi Rasoul 
Published: December 2023

The production of petroleum substances has a long historical tradition in Iran. Glance (1970) reported that the “first man‐made oil well was dug” in the ancient city of Susa (present‐day Shush), about 40 km northwest of Ahwaz, in 500 BC during the reign of the Achaemenid emperor Darius I. Writing in the fifth century BC, Herodotus described petroleum production near a place called Ardericca, probably present‐day Masjed Soleyman, located 210 furlongs from Susa (Lees, 1950). The petroleum substances produced included bitumen which was used in construction and the waterproofing of ships. Sorkhabi (2005) detailed the petroleum history in Iran during ancient and medieval times.The modern quest for oil in Iran dates from the second half of the 19th century. From a historical perspective, this modern period can be divided into six distinct phases: (i) The early years, 1872–1900; (ii) The Anglo‐Persian years, 1901–1932; (iii) The Anglo‐Iranian Years and Nationalization, 1933–1953; (iv) The second Pahlavi years, 1954–1978 including the rise of OPEC; (v) The Islamic Revolution and Iran‐Iraq War, 1979–1989; and (vi) Buyback Contracts and US Sanctions, 1990–Present. The search for oil was singularly unsuccessful during the first of these phases and the early years of the second phase. However, after a difficult six‐year exploration campaign, oil in commercial quantities was struck in the early hours of 26 May, 1908 at Maidan‐e Naftun, which in later years achieved world fame as the Masjed Soleyman oil field. Since then, more than 120 oil and gas field discoveries have been made in Iran's onshore areas and its territorial waters in the Persian Gulf.The story of oil has always been an emotive and politically charged issue in Iran and has been the focus of great national interest and debate for over a century. Certainly, the discovery in 1908 marked a milestone in Iran's 20th century history: it ushered in a new era – an era not only of progress and prosperity, but also of social and political upheaval and turmoil that has not yet ended (Ala, 2007). In this paper, important events in each of the historical phases identified above are briefly reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the emergence of the modern petroleum industry in Iran, and the early phases are covered in particular detail.
Structure and agency between French and Morphogenetic Régulation
Authors: Knio Karim , Sommer Brandon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article examines the gradual evolution of the French Régulation school (FR) for the study of capitalism through the lens of structure and agency. The analysis first segments the school into two epochs, the early Régulation, led by authors Aglietta and Lipietz, and the later Régulation, which saw the rise of Boyer. We find that the gradual progression that occurred within the FR school is linked to its authors' implicit ontic engagement with structure and agency, which, in turn, provides natural linkages to Critical Realism. In the second part of the paper, we demonstrate how the comparison between Morphogenetic Régulation and French Régulation (FR) can facilitate a much deeper reading of the structure‐agency debate pertaining to the transformation of capitalism. In so doing, it discusses the value addedness of Morphogenetic Régulation through three specific concepts by stressing their relevance for contemporary studies in international political economy. These concepts are: stratified emergence; causality and the problématique of hierarchy.
Knowledge on cause, clinical manifestation and treatment for fibromyalgia among medical doctors: A worldwide survey
Authors: Van Wilgen C. Paul , Ucles‐Juarez Ruben , Krutko Denis , Li Yijun , Polli Andrea , Syed Anwar , Zampese Stefano , Reis Felipe J. J. , de Zeeuw Janine 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesHench introduced the fibromyalgia syndrome almost 50 years ago. In the meantime, the prevalence has increased, the clinical criteria have changed and the way we explain (chronic) pain has altered.DesignIn the current study, we conducted a worldwide survey in which we investigate whether medical doctors are familiar with the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for fibromyalgia and, if so, whether these medical doctors adhere to the clinical guidelines following evidence‐based treatments.ResultsIn total, 286 medical doctors from 43 countries spread over 6 continents filled out the survey. In most of the countries, the diagnosis fibromyalgia was used. Only 10% adhere to the ACR criteria, widespread pain (44%), unrefreshed sleep (24%), fatigue (20%) and cognitive problems (8%) were most used diagnostic criteria. Of the respondents, 94 (32%) mentioned that the cause is unknown or idiopathic, but also a wide variety of other causes was mentioned. More than 70 different treatment options were provided, of which 24% of the responses were classified as according to the clinical guidelines. From this study, we conclude that many medical doctors do not follow the ACR criteria; the majority has an inappropriate knowledge of causes for fibromyalgia and that a minority of treatment advice adhere to the guidelines.
Estimation of serum and tissue level of interleukin‐15 (IL‐15) and IL‐15 receptor alpha (IL‐15Rα) in mycosis fungoides before and after phototherapy: An interventional cohort study
Authors: Mogawer Rania M , Youssef Randa , Helmy Kholoud , Emad Nourhan , Shaker Olfat , Orabi Sarah 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMycosis fungoides (MF) is a chronic, highly recurrent cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma, whose pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Interleukin‐15 was previously highlighted as a viability factor for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma with previous studies shedding light on its role in pathogenesis of MF and its plausibility as a potential therapeutic target.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate serum and tissue expression of IL‐15 and IL‐15Rα in early cases of MF (IA, IB, IIA) at baseline and following phototherapy.Materials and MethodsFourteen early MF cases were recruited. Samples were withdrawn prior to starting phototherapy treatment and following near complete clearance of the biopsied lesion or after a maximum of 36 sessions of phototherapy. Samples were assessed for change in expression of IL‐15 and IL‐15 Rα levels following treatment, whose levels were compared to healthy controls.ResultsSerum and tissue levels of IL‐15 and IL‐15Rα in early MF cases were significantly higher at baseline than their levels following phototherapy treatment and higher than healthy controls. However, they dropped significantly following treatment with no statistical difference between treated cases and controls, apart from serum IL‐15Rα that remained significantly elevated than controls.ConclusionInterleukin‐15 and its receptor alpha appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of MF, being significantly elevated than healthy controls, which were normalized following phototherapy treatment, apart from serum IL‐15Rα, which remained elevated. Controlling IL‐15/IL‐15Rα expression is a newly proposed mechanism of action of phototherapy in MF.
Notification and follow‐up of blood donors reactive for transfusion‐transmitted infections: A narrative review of the literature from India
Authors: Chaurasia Rahul , Patidar Gopal Kumar , Pandey Hem Chandra , Meher Radheshyam 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNotifying blood donors of their reactive status for transfusion‐transmitted infections (TTIs) plays a vital role in enabling early diagnosis and management while also preventing these donors from making future donation and transmission of the infectious agent. Given the limited data on donor notification processes in India, a narrative review was conducted to assess the existing notification process and identify areas requiring enhancement.Materials and MethodsWe conducted literature searches using PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, employing various keywords. The review included data on the year of the study, study design, donor numbers, TTI screening methods, sero‐reactive donor confirmation, notification frequency and methods, donor responses, post‐test counselling and risk factor assessment.ResultsOut of the 29 identified articles, 16 studies were included in the analysis. Repeat testing for initially reactive results was conducted in nine studies for 24.3% reactive donors. Phone calls were the primary notification method in most studies (8; 50%), with letters sent in cases of no response. Only 12 studies provided data on notified donors, revealing a notification rate of 71.2%. Of all initially reactive donors, 33.3% sought post‐test counselling. Data from six studies indicated that 74.3% of responsive donors had identifiable TTI risk factors.ConclusionOur review revealed significant variability in the notification processes across different studies. To enhance the management of TTI‐reactive donor notifications and responses, we recommend the establishment of universal protocols encompassing pre‐donation counselling, repeat/confirmatory testing, notification methods and comprehensive follow‐up and treatment.
Drag-Mitigating Dynamic Flight Path Design and Sensitivity Analysis for an Ultra-Long Tether Underwater Kite
Authors: Abney Andrew , Fine Jacob , Vermillion Chris 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a computational study of an underwater kite operating in environments requiring tethers exceeding a kilometer in length, referred to herein as ultralong tether (ULT) applications. Leveraging a detailed dynamic model of the kite and tether, we study the relationship between path shape and tether drag at varying tether lengths in order to develop meaningful insights as to the operation of systems that require ultralong tethers in order to reach viable flow resources. An initial study of a ULT kite application operating in a uniform flow field is presented, demonstrating that with an appropriately designed flight path, the kite is able to suppress the motion of the majority of the tether in order to achieve an order of magnitude greater power output than can be achieved with a straight tether, which is the typical assumption used in a performance estimation. Tether drag mitigation is characterized through the use of a novel metric termed effective tether length, which characterizes the total length of tether engaged in drag production. It is shown that a high-performance path shape can reduce the effect of tether drag by over 50%. This performance is shown to be comparable to the multi-airborne wind energy system (MAWES) proposed by Leuthold et al. (2017, “Induction in Optimal Control of Multiple-Kite Airborne Wind Energy Systems,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, 50(1), pp. 153–158; 2018, “Operational Regions of a Multi-Kite Awe System,” 2018 European Control Conference (ECC), IEEE, Limassol, Cyprus, June 13–15, pp. 52–57), which suppresses tether motion through mechanical design rather than merely though careful path selection and control. This initial study in a uniform flow field is followed by two sensitivity studies: one that assesses performance in realistic environments where the flow magnitude is a function of altitude above the seabed and a second that assesses the impact of tether drag reduction techniques. It will be shown that by careful selection of path shape, site, and tether design, a single kite in a ULT marine application can achieve performance rivaling that of the MAWES without the extra required mechanical complexity.