bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase 2 study of nab-sirolimus in patients with well-differentiated and advanced/metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, or pancreas.
Authors: Demeure Michael J. , Cohn Allen Lee , Seery Tara Elisabeth , Ding Li , Navarro Willis H. , Paulson Andrew Scott 
Published: January 2024

TPS601 Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs; ~2% of all malignancies) commonly arise from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, pancreas, and lung, often presenting as metastatic disease. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of NETs. Everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor (mTORi), is an option for treatment of NETs of the GI tract, lung, or pancreas but response rates observed in the RADIANT -3 and -4 studies were modest at 4–10%. nab-Sirolimus is a mTORi that utilizes nanoparticle technology to preferentially target tumors and is approved in the USA for malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. In preclinical animal models, nab-sirolimus demonstrated higher intratumoral drug accumulation, improved target suppression, and stronger antitumor activity relative to equal weekly doses of sirolimus and everolimus, warranting further exploration of nab-sirolimus. This study will evaluate efficacy/safety of nab-sirolimus in patients with advanced/metastatic NETs. Methods: This phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (NCT05997056) will enroll approximately 21 adults (≥18 years) with functional or non-functional, well-differentiated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic NETs of the GI tract, lung, or pancreas who have received ≤2 prior lines of therapy, excluding somatostatin analogs (SSTa).Patients with functional NETS are eligible if they have been on a stable dose of SSTa for ≥12 weeks and had disease progression during SSTa treatment. Eligible patients must have ≥1 measurable target lesion (per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] v1.1), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score 0 or 1, and adequate organ function/hematologic parameters.They are not permitted to have received prior mTORi, including nab-sirolimus, or to have tumors with known inactivating TSC1 or TSC2 alterations. Patients will receive nab-sirolimus 100 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. Treatment will continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, or until discontinuation based on investigator or patient discretion.The primary endpoint is investigator-assessed objective response rate per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints include duration of response, disease control rate, time to response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. Exploratory endpoints include correlation of baseline molecular biomarkers with clinical outcomes. Analysis of study objectives will be descriptive. Study site activation is underway with the first patient on study anticipated for the 3rd quarter of 2023. Clinical trial information: NCT05997056 .
Characteristics of Health Care Settings Where Adolescents and Young Adults Receive Care for ALL
Authors: Wolfson Julie A. , Grimes Allison C. , Nuno Michelle , Kerber Charlotte L. , Ramakrishnan Subhash , Beauchemin Melissa , Dickens David , Levine Jennifer M. , Roth Michael E. , Scialla Michele , Woods Wendy , Vargas Sarah , Boayue Koh B. , Chang George J. , Stock Wendy , Hershman Dawn , Curran Emily , Advani Anjali , O'Dwyer Kristen , Luger Selina , Liu Jane Jijun , Freyer David R. , Sung Lillian , Parsons Susan K. 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE Individuals diagnosed with cancer between 15 and 39 years (adolescent and young adult [AYA]) face unique vulnerability. Detail is lacking about care delivery for these patients, especially those with ALL. We address these knowledge gaps by describing AYA ALL care delivery details at National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) (sub)affiliates by model of care. METHODS Participating institutions treated at least one AYA with ALL from 2012 to 2016. Study-specific criteria were used to determine the number of unique clinical facilities (CFs) per NCORP and their model of care (adult/internal medicine [IM], pediatric, mixed [both]). Surveys completed by NCORPs for each CF by model of care captured size, resources, services, and communication. RESULTS Among 84 participating CFs (adult/IM, n=47; pediatric, n=15; mixed, n=24), 34% treated 5-10 AYAs with ALL annually; adult/IM CFs more often treated <5 (adult/IM, 60%; pediatric, 40%; mixed, 29%). Referral decisions were commonly driven by an age/diagnosis combination (58%), with frequent ALL-specific age minimums (87%) or maximums (80%). Medical, navigational, and social work services were similar across models while psychology was available at more pediatric CFs (pediatric, 80%; adult/IM, 40%; mixed, 46%-54%). More pediatric or mixed CFs reported oncologists interacting with pediatric/adult counterparts via tumor boards (pediatric, 93%; adult/IM, 26%; mixed, 96%) or initiating contact (pediatric, 100%; adult/IM, 77%; mixed 96%); more pediatric CFs reported an affiliated counterpart (pediatric, 53%; adult, 19%). Most CFs reported no AYA-specific resources (79%) or meetings (83%-98%). CONCLUSION System-level aspects of AYA ALL care delivery have not been examined previously. At NCORPs, these characteristics differ by models of care. Additional work is ongoing to investigate the impact of these facility-level factors on guideline-concordant care in this population. Together, these findings can inform a system-level intervention for diverse practice settings.
Disparities in Stage at Presentation Among Hispanic and Latinx Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States
Authors: Dee Edward Christopher , Swami Nishwant , Kazzi Bahaa , Lapen Kaitlyn , Franco Idalid , Jain Bhav , Patel Tej A. , Mahal Brandon A. , Rimner Andreas , Wu Abraham , Iyengar Puneeth , Li Bob , Florez Narjust , Gomez Daniel R. 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE Hispanic and Latinx people in the United States are the fastest-growing ethnic group. However, previous studies in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often analyze these diverse communities in aggregate. We aimed to identify differences in NSCLC stage at diagnosis in the US population, focusing on disaggregated Hispanic/Latinx individuals. METHODS Data from the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2018 identified patients with primary NSCLC. Individuals were disaggregated by racial and ethnic subgroup and Hispanic country of origin. Ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, facility type, income, educational attainment, comorbidity index, insurance, and year of diagnosis was used to create adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with higher odds representing diagnosis at later-stage NSCLC. RESULTS Of 1,565,159 patients with NSCLC, 46,616 were Hispanic/Latinx (3.0%). When analyzed in the setting of race and ethnicity, Hispanic patients were more likely to be diagnosed with metastatic disease compared with non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients: 47.0% for Hispanic Black, 46.0% Hispanic White, and 44.3% of Hispanic other patients versus 39.1% of non-Hispanic White patients ( P < .001 for all). By country of origin, 51.4% of Mexican, 41.7% of Puerto Rican, 44.6% of Cuban, 50.8% of South or Central American, 48.4% of Dominican, and 45.6% of other Hispanic patients were diagnosed with metastatic disease, compared with 39.1% of NHWs. Conversely, 20.2% of Mexican, 26.9% of Puerto Rican, 24.2% of Cuban, 22.5% of South or Central American, 23.7% of Dominican, and 24.5% of other Hispanic patients were diagnosed with stage I disease, compared with 30.0% of NHWs. All Hispanic groups were more likely to present with later-stage NSCLC than NHW patients (greatest odds for Mexican patients, aOR, 1.44; P < .001). CONCLUSION Hispanic/Latinx patients with non–small-cell lung cancer were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease compared with NHWs. Disparities persisted upon disaggregation by both race and country of origin, with over half of Mexican patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Disparities among Hispanic/Latinx groups by race and by country of origin highlight the shortcomings of treating these groups as a monolith and underscore the need for disaggregated research and targeted interventions.
Deep Brain Stimulation Improves Symptoms of Spasmodic Dysphonia Through Targeting of Thalamic Sensorimotor Connectivity
Authors: Hart Michael G. , Polyhronopoulos Nancy , Sandhu Mandeep K. , Honey Christopher R. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Spasmodic dysphonia is a dystonia of the vocal chords producing difficulty with speech. Current hypotheses are that this is a condition of dysregulated thalamic sensory motor integration. A recent randomized controlled trial of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) demonstrated its safety and efficacy. Our objective was to determine whether the outcome could be predicted by stimulation of thalamic sensorimotor areas and adjacent white matter connectivity as assessed by diffusion tractography.

METHODS:
A cohort of 6 participants undergoing thalamic DBS for adductor spasmodic dysphonia was studied. Electrodes were localized with the Lead-DBS toolbox. Group-based analyses were performed with atlases, coordinates, and using voxel-based symptom mapping. Diffusion tensor imaging (3 T, 64 directions, 2-mm isotropic) was used to perform individual probabilistic tractography (cerebellothalamic tract and pallidothalamic tract) and segmentation of the thalamus. Monopolar review was performed at 0.5 V and binarised as effective or ineffective.

RESULTS:
Effective contacts stimulated more of thalamic sensorimotor areas than ineffective contacts (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected). This effect was consistent across analytical and statistical techniques. Group-level and tractography analyses did not identify a specific “sweet spot” suggesting the benefit of DBS is derived from modulating individual thalamic sensorimotor areas. Stimulations at 1 year involved predicted thalamic sensorimotor regions with additional cerebellothalamic tract involvement.

CONCLUSION:
Stimulation of thalamic sensorimotor areas was associated with improvement in symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia. These data are consistent with DBS acting on pathophysiologically dysregulated thalamic sensorimotor integration in spasmodic dysphonia.
Transarterial Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Conventional, Pressure Cooker, and Microballoon Catheter Embolization Techniques
Authors: Lindgren Antti , Ahmed Syed Uzair , Bodani Vivek , Andrade Barazarte Hugo , Agid Ronit , Kee Tze Phei , Nicholson Patrick , Hendriks Eef J. , Krings Timo 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Dural fistulas are abnormal connections between dural arteries and intracranial veins treated mainly endovascularly in most settings. The aim was to examine a single-institution experience of microballoon catheter transarterial embolization (TAE) of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) and compare it with other TAE techniques.

METHODS:
We retrospectively identified all dAVFs treated at our institution between 2017 and 2022 with microballoon, conventional, and pressure cooker TAE. We studied occlusion and retreatment rates, treatment-related complications, and radiation doses.

RESULTS:
During the study period, 66 patients underwent 75 TAE procedures to treat 68 dAVFs: 47 conventional TAE, 14 pressure cooker TAE, and 14 microballoon TAE. Median age of the study population was 63 years with 32% females. The most common dAVF location was the transverse sinus and 20% of dAVFs presented with hemorrhage. At 3-month follow-up, stable complete occlusion of the dAVF was seen in 72% (n = 34) after conventional TAE, 79% (n = 11) after pressure cooker TAE, and 86% (n = 12) after microballoon TAE. Retreatment was required in 19% (n = 9) after conventional TAE, 7% (n = 1) after pressure cooker TAE, and 7% (n = 1) after microballoon TAE. Treatment-related complications occurred in 17% (n =) after conventional TAE, 29% (n = 4) after pressure cooker TAE, and 7% (n = 1) after microballoon TAE.

CONCLUSION:
In our experience, microballoon TAE of dAVFs resulted in better initial and 3-month angiographic outcomes and required less retreatment than conventional TAE. Microballoon TAE also resulted in fewer treatment-related complications than other techniques. In our experience, microballoon TAE is a reliable and safe endovascular technique to treat dAVFs.
The effect of Melissa officinalis on diet-induced hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Hazman Ö , Göçeri ME , Fıçıcı I , Demirer B , Aksoy L 
Published: January 2024

The Lamiaceae family is an essential medicinal plant family. Melissa officinalis L. is a well-known medicinal plant of Lamiaceae. It was aimed to investigate the effects of Melissa officinalis infusion given to rats with hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in this study. It is seen that the high-fat diet (HFD) group causes weight gain from the third week. VLDL, LDL, HDL and cholesterol levels were found statistically significant differences (p˂0.05), fed a cholesterol-enriched high-fat diet group (HFD) compared to the control. It is seen that the cholesterol level of the high-fat diet+Melissa officinalis infusion (HFD+MOI) group was statistically significantly (p˂0.05). lower than the HFD group. In addition, the group in which Melissa officinalis was applied had positive effects on the antioxidant system and reduced the total oxidant system. The fact that the IFN-γ level of the HFD group was higher than the control indicates that the diet may have an inflammatory effect. As a result, HFD application with cholesterol caused hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats. The cholesterol-lowering effect of Melissa officinalis is observed. Remarkably, Melissa officinalis did not alter serum calcium levels while lowering cholesterol. In addition, it can said that HFD has a strengthening effect on the antioxidant system on oxidative stress.
The Molecular detection and pathotypic characterization of Genotype VII.2 of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Imported Cockatiels in Iran
Authors: Abdoshah M , Morovati S , Razmyar J 
Published: January 2024

Genotype VII of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the most prevalent genotype of avian paramyxovirus I (APMV-1) in Asia, is rapidly spreading worldwide. The emergence of new sub-genotype VII.2 in different countries raises questions about the evolutionary patterns of these isolates. Despite the devastating effects of NDV on endangered parrot species and the major role of the psittacines in the cross-species transmission of the virus, there have not been any phylogenetic studies on the NDVs circulation in these populations in Iran. In this regard, a brain sample obtained from three dead cockatiels of a suspected NDV flock with an 80% mortality rate was implemented for further molecular, pathogenicity, and phylogenetic analysis of the fusion gene and deduced amino acid sequences. Pathogenicity indices and Cleavage site investigation revealed the high virulence (112RRQKRF117) of the virus. Phylogenetic studies clustered our isolate (SR0077) among VII.2 sequences from Pakistan, Indonesia, China, Jordan, and Malaysia. Moreover, the nucleotide distances between the studied isolate and VII.2 strains reported from Pakistan were less than 0.01. However, non-VII.2 isolates previously reported from Iran were phylogenetically distinct from our isolate. Taken together, these findings, along with some identical substitutions at functional domains of the F protein, highlight the risk of introducing VII.2 strains to other countries and the possible incidence of new panzootics. Finally, based on history and molecular analyses, it seems that bird trade from Pakistan is the main cause of the development of new VII.2 NDV strains in Iran.
Interrupting the Canon
Authors: Berenguer Elizabeth , Jewel Lucy , McMurtry-Chubb Teri A. 
Published: January 2024

There are numerous cases one could study to identify successful interruptions in the history of American jurisprudence. In fact, any groundbreaking case that has drastically changed a legal standard is ripe for study. This chapter examines two petitioner briefs filed in the Supreme Court of the United States: Gideon v. Wainwright and Loving v. Virginia. In analyzing these briefs, the reader will be invited to identify the various styles of interruptions described in Chapter 2. Reading the full decisions rendered in these cases would be helpful context for the lessons in this chapter, and they are available online.
Conclusion: Advancing Globally Inclusive Science Communication – Bridging the North–South Divide through Decolonisation, Equity, and Mutual Learning
Authors: Rasekoala Elizabeth 
Published: January 2024

The chapters in this book have shown that science communication and public engagement practices, initiatives and research, take place in highly different contexts, scenarios and settings around the globe. Yet, much of the discourse, practice and research in the field, is still predominantly predicated in the Global North. In order to overcome these ‘skewed’ realities, we need a broader framework for science communication that will transcend the Global North-South inequality divide, and thus, both explain the challenges and opportunities in different contexts, and proffer transformative solutions globally. This concluding chapter outlines the critical role that the decolonisation of science communication can play in bridging this Global North-South divide and spur mutual learning, ‘respectful listening’ and equitable collaborative engagements across this divide. It argues that the decolonisation framework should provide answers to profound questions, such as, how do we re-calibrate the discourses, exemplars, practices and narratives that infuse this globalised science communication arena, in order to engender a level playing field for science communication in the Global South? The chapter concludes with elaborating that science communication and public engagement discourses, paradigms and platforms that enable the field to have a ‘multi-lensed’ understanding of the operations of the craft, in the diverse contexts and scenarios across the globe, are important to building inclusive, engaged, open and dynamic societies. The way forward lies in science communication adopting a transformative ‘wide-angled’ lens in order to better reflect the diverse global populations, contexts and realities, in both the Global South and the Global North regions of the world.
Precision evaluation of Raman densimetry for carbon dioxide: improvement by correction for the drift effect
Authors: Yamamoto Junji , Hagiwara Yuuki 
Published: January 2024

To evaluate the precision of the wavenumber difference between the two main Raman bands of CO2 (designated as Δ, an index of CO2 density), we performed theoretical calculations for the uncertainties of the peak positions of the CO2 Raman bands, and measured Raman spectra of CO2 under the conditions used for the calculations. The Δ precision improves with increased peak intensity, but the peak intensity–precision relation does not hold beyond an intensity threshold corresponding to the measurement time of 1–2 min. Correction for temporal variation of Δ by fitting a linear function to the data distribution improved the Δ precision to ±0.0005cm−1 at best, corresponding to CO2 density precision as ±0.00015g/cm3.
A systematic scoping review of latent class analysis applied to accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior
Authors: Kebede Michael , Howard Annie Green , Ren Yumeng , Anuskiewicz Blake , Di Chongzhi , Troester Melissa A. , Evenson Kelly R. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Latent class analysis (LCA) identifies distinct groups within a heterogeneous population, but its application to accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior has not been systematically explored. We conducted a systematic scoping review to describe the application of LCA to accelerometry.

Methods
Comprehensive searches in PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, SPORTDiscus, and Embase identified studies published through December 31, 2021. Using Covidence, two researchers independently evaluated inclusion criteria and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Studies with LCA applied to accelerometry or combined accelerometry/self-reported measures were selected. Data extracted included study characteristics and both accelerometry and LCA methods.

Results
Of 2555 papers found, 66 full-text papers were screened, and 12 papers (11 cross-sectional, 1 cohort) from 8 unique studies were included. Study sample sizes ranged from 217–7931 (mean 2249, standard deviation 2780). Across 8 unique studies, latent class variables included measures of physical activity (100%) and sedentary behavior (75%). About two-thirds (63%) of the studies used accelerometry only and 38% combined accelerometry and self-report to derive latent classes. The accelerometer-based variables in the LCA model included measures by day of the week (38%), weekday vs. weekend (13%), weekly average (13%), dichotomized minutes/day (13%), sex specific z-scores (13%), and hour-by-hour (13%). The criteria to guide the selection of the final number of classes and model fit varied across studies, including Bayesian Information Criterion (63%), substantive knowledge (63%), entropy (50%), Akaike information criterion (50%), sample size (50%), Bootstrap likelihood ratio test (38%), and visual inspection (38%). The studies explored up to 5 (25%), 6 (38%), or 7+ (38%) classes, ending with 3 (50%), 4 (13%), or 5 (38%) final classes.

Conclusions
This review explored the application of LCA to physical activity and sedentary behavior and identified areas of improvement for future studies leveraging LCA. LCA was used to identify unique groupings as a data reduction tool, to combine self-report and accelerometry, and to combine different physical activity intensities and sedentary behavior in one LCA model or separate models.
Characteristics and burden of acute COVID-19 and long-COVID: Demographic, physical, mental health, and economic perspectives
Authors: Leitner Manuel , Pötz Gloria , Berger Martin , Fellner Maria , Spat Stephan , Koini Marisa 
Published: January 2024

Background
COVID-19 infection and its associated consequence, known as long-COVID, lead to a significant burden on the global healthcare system and limitations in people’s personal and work lives. This study aims to provide further insight into the impact of acute and ongoing COVID-19 symptoms and investigates the role of patients’ gender and vaccination status.

Methods
416 individuals (73.9% female) between the ages of 16 and 80 years (M = 44.18, SD = 12.90) with self-reported symptoms of long-COVID participated in an online survey conducted between March and May 2022.

Results
6.0%, 74.3%, and 19.7% of all respondents reported having had an asymptomatic, mild, or severe acute illness, respectively. Out of all participants, 7.8% required hospitalization. The most prevalent symptoms during the acute infection (Mdn = 23.50 symptoms, IQR = 13–39) included fatigue, exhaustion, cough, brain fog, and memory problems. The median long-COVID disease duration was 12.10 months (IQR = 2.8–17.4). Among 64 inquired long-COVID symptoms (Mdn = 17.00 symptoms, IQR = 9–27), participants reported fatigue, exhaustion, memory problems, brain fog, and dyspnea as the most common ongoing symptoms, which were generally experienced as fluctuating and deteriorating after physical or cognitive activity. Common consequences of long-COVID included financial losses (40.5%), changes in the participants’ profession (41.0%), stress resistance (87.5%), sexual life (38.1%), and mood (72.1%), as well as breathing difficulties (41.3%), or an increased drug intake (e.g., medicine, alcohol; 44.6%). In addition, vaccinated individuals exhibited a shorter acute illness duration and an earlier onset of long-COVID symptoms. In general, women reported more long-COVID symptoms than men.

Conclusion
Long-COVID represents a heterogeneous disease and impacts multiple life aspects of those affected. Tailored rehabilitation programs targeting the plurality of physical and mental symptoms are needed.