bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mouse Auditory Cortex Undergoes Asynchronous Maturation in the Right and Left Hemispheres
Authors: Reid Ashlan , Neophytou Demetrios , Levy Robert , Oviedo Hysell V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDespite the significance of lateralized auditory processing in human cognition, there are limited studies in animal models exploring the developmental mechanisms of this cortical specialization. Here, we find that cellular and network signs of maturity in the Auditory Cortex (ACx) appear earlier in the right hemisphere in male mice. We further demonstrate that persistent, experience dependent map reorganization is confined to the hemisphere that is actively maturing and can be differentially engaged by temporally limited manipulations of the sensory environment. Our data suggests that differential timing in hemisphere development could lead to lateralized auditory functioning.
Osmotic stress response of the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticus: acquisition of catabolism gene clusters for the compatible solute and signaling moleculemyo-inositol
Authors: Boas Lichty Katherine E. , Loughran Rachel M. , Ushijima Blake , Richards Gary P. , Boyd E. Fidelma 
Published: January 2024

Marine bacteria experience fluctuations in osmolarity that they must adapt to, and most bacteria respond to high osmolarity by accumulating compatible solutes also known as osmolytes. The osmotic stress response and compatible solutes used by the coral and oyster pathogenVibrio coralliilyticuswere unknown. In this study, we showed that to alleviate osmotic stressV. coralliilyticusbiosynthesized glycine betaine (GB) and transported into the cell choline, GB, ectoine, dimethylglycine, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate, but notmyo-inositol.Myo-inositol is a stress protectant and a signaling molecule that is biosynthesized and used by algae. Bioinformatics identifiedmyo-inositol (iol) catabolism clusters inV. coralliilyticusand otherVibrio, Photobacterium, Grimontia,andEnterovibriospecies. Growth pattern analysis demonstrated thatV. coralliilyticusutilizedmyo-inositol as a sole carbon source, with a short lag time of 3 h. AniolGdeletion mutant, which encodes an inositol dehydrogenase, was unable to grow onmyo-inositol. Within theiolclusters were an MFS-type (iolT1)and an ABC-type (iolXYZ)transporter and analyses showed that both transportedmyo-inositol. IolG and IolA phylogeny amongVibrionaceaespecies showed different evolutionary histories indicating multiple acquisition events. Outside ofVibrionaceae, IolG was most closely related to IolG from a small group ofAeromonasfish and human pathogens andProvidenciaspecies. However, IolG from hypervirulentA. hydrophilastrains clustered with IolG fromEnterobacter,and divergently fromPectobacterium, Brenneria,andDickeyaplant pathogens. Theiolcluster was also present withinAliiroseovarius, Burkholderia, Endozoicomonas, Halomonas, Labrenzia, Marinomonas, Marinobacterium, Cobetia, Pantoea,andPseudomonas,of which many species were associated with marine flora and fauna.IMPORTANCEHost associated bacteria such asV. coralliilyticusencounter competition for nutrients and have evolved metabolic strategies to better compete for food. Emerging studies show thatmyo-inositol is exchanged in the coral-algae symbiosis, is likely involved in signaling, but is also an osmolyte in algae. The bacterial consumption ofmyo-inositol could contribute to a breakdown of the coral-algae symbiosis during thermal stress or disrupt the coral microbiome. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the evolutionary history ofmyo-inositol metabolism is complex, acquired multiple times inVibrio,but acquired once in many bacterial plant pathogens. Further analysis also showed that a conservediolcluster is prevalent among many marine species (commensals, mutualists, and pathogens) associated with marine flora and fauna, algae, sponges, corals, molluscs, crustaceans, and fish.
Molecular and cellular dynamics of the developing human neocortex at single-cell resolution
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Cheng , Moriano Juan A. , Chen Songcang , Zuo Guolong , Cebrián-Silla Arantxa , Zhang Shaobo , Mukhtar Tanzila , Wang Shaohui , Song Mengyi , de Oliveira Lilian Gomes , Bi Qiuli , Augustin Jonathan J. , Ge Xinxin , Paredes Mercedes F. , Huang Eric J. , Alvarez-Buylla Arturo , Duan Xin , Li Jingjing , Kriegstein Arnold R. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe development of the human neocortex is a highly dynamic process and involves complex cellular trajectories controlled by cell-type-specific gene regulation1. Here, we collected paired single-nucleus chromatin accessibility and transcriptome data from 38 human neocortical samples encompassing both the prefrontal cortex and primary visual cortex. These samples span five main developmental stages, ranging from the first trimester to adolescence. In parallel, we performed spatial transcriptomic analysis on a subset of the samples to illustrate spatial organization and intercellular communication. This atlas enables us to catalog cell type-, age-, and area-specific gene regulatory networks underlying neural differentiation. Moreover, combining single-cell profiling, progenitor purification, and lineage-tracing experiments, we have untangled the complex lineage relationships among progenitor subtypes during the transition from neurogenesis to gliogenesis in the human neocortex. We identified a tripotential intermediate progenitor subtype, termed Tri-IPC, responsible for the local production of GABAergic neurons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and astrocytes. Remarkably, most glioblastoma cells resemble Tri-IPCs at the transcriptomic level, suggesting that cancer cells hijack developmental processes to enhance growth and heterogeneity. Furthermore, by integrating our atlas data with large-scale GWAS data, we created a disease-risk map highlighting enriched ASD risk in second-trimester intratelencephalic projection neurons. Our study sheds light on the gene regulatory landscape and cellular dynamics of the developing human neocortex.
Arl2 Associates with Cdk5rap2 to Regulate Cortical Development via Microtubule Organization
Authors: Ma Dong-Liang , Lin Kun-Yang , Divya Suresh , Lin Jiaen , Gujar Mahekta R. , Aung Htet Yamin , Tan Ye Sing , Gao Yang , Vincent Anselm S. , Chen Teng , Wang Hongyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractADP ribosylation factor-like GTPase 2 (Arl2) is crucial for controlling mitochondrial fusion and microtubule assembly in various organisms. Arl2 regulates the asymmetric division of neural stem cells inDrosophilavia microtubule growth. However, the function of mammalian Arl2 during cortical development was unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mouse Arl2 plays a new role in corticogenesis via regulating microtubule growth, but not mitochondria functions. Arl2 knockdown leads to impaired proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neuronal migration. Arl2 knockdown in mouse NPCs significantly diminishes centrosomal microtubule growth and delocalization of centrosomal proteins Cdk5rap2 and γ-tubulin. Moreover, Arl2 physically associates with Cdk5rap2 byin silicoprediction using AlphaFold Multimer andin vitrobinding assays. Remarkably, Cdk5rap2 overexpression significantly rescues the neurogenesis defects caused by Arl2 knockdown. Therefore, Arl2 plays an important role in mouse cortical development through microtubule growth via the centrosomal protein Cdk5rap2.
DrosophilaAsap regulates cellular protrusions via dArf6-dependent actin regulatory pathway
Authors: Kushwaha Shikha , Mallik Bhagaban , Mushtaq Zeeshan , Bisht Anjali , Kumar Vimlesh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMembrane protrusions are fundamental to cellular functions like migration, adhesion, and communication and depend upon the dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton. The GAP-dependent GTP hydrolysis of Arf proteins regulates actin-dependent membrane remodeling. Here, we show that the dAsap regulates membrane protrusions in S2R+ cells by a mechanism that critically relies on its ArfGAP domain and re-localization of actin regulators, SCAR, and Ena. While our data reinforce the preference of dAsap for Arf1 GTP hydrolysisin vitro, we demonstrate that induction of membrane protrusions in S2R+ cells depends on Arf6 inactivation. This study furthers our understanding of how dAsap-dependent GTP hydrolysis maintains a balance between active and inactive states of dArf6 to regulate cell shape.
Nuclear pores as conduits for fluid flow during osmotic stress
Authors: Hoffmann Patrick C. , Kim Hyuntae , Obarska-Kosinska Agnieszka , Kreysing Jan Philipp , Andino-Frydman Eli , Cruz-Leon Sergio , Cernikova Lenka , Kosinski Jan , Turoňová Beata , Hummer Gerhard , Beck Martin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChanging environmental conditions necessitate an immediate cellular adaptation to ensure survival.Dictyostelium discoideum, a bacteriovore slime mold present in the soil of most terrestrial ecosystems, is known for its ability to tolerate drastic changes in osmolarity. How the cells cope with the resulting mechanical stress remains understudied. Here we show thatD. discoideumhas extraordinarily elaborate and resilient nuclear pores that serve as conduits for massive fluid exchange between cytosol and nucleus. We capitalize on the unique properties ofD. discoideumcells to quantify flow across the nuclear envelope that is necessitated by changing nuclear size in response to osmotic stress. Based on mathematical concepts adapted from hydrodynamics, we conceptualize this phenomenon as porous flow across nuclear pores. This type of fluid flow is distinct from the canonically characterized modes of nucleocytoplasmic transport, i.e. passive diffusion and active nuclear transport, because of its dependence on pressure. Our insights are relevant in any biological condition that necessitates rapid nuclear size changes, which includes metastasizing cancer cells squeezing through constrictions, migrating cells and differentiating tissues.
Cryo-electron tomography reveals how COPII assembles on cargo-containing membranes
Authors: Pyle Euan , Miller Elizabeth A. , Zanetti Giulia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractProteins traverse the eukaryotic secretory pathway through membrane trafficking between organelles. The COPII coat mediates the anterograde transport of newly synthesised proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, engaging cargoes with a wide range of size and biophysical properties. The native architecture of the COPII coat and how cargo might influence COPII carrier morphology remain poorly understood. Here, we have reconstituted COPII-coated membrane carriers using purifiedS. cerevisiaeproteins and cell-derived microsomes as a native membrane source. Using cryo-electron tomography with subtomogram averaging, we demonstrate that the COPII coat binds cargo and forms largely spherical vesicles from native membranes. We reveal the architecture of the inner and outer coat layers and shed light on how spherical carriers are formed. Our results provide insights into the architecture and regulation of the COPII coat and advance our current understanding of how membrane curvature is generated.
Quantification of cellular phototoxicity of organelle stains by the dynamics of microtubule polymerization
Authors: Mahapatra Shivam , Ma Seohee , Dong Bin , Zhang Chi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBeing able to quantify the phototoxicity of dyes and drugs in live cells allows biologists to better understand cell responses to exogenous stimuli during imaging. This capability further helps to design fluorescent labels with lower phototoxicity and drugs with better efficacy. Conventional ways to evaluate cellular phototoxicity rely on late-stage measurements of individual or different populations of cells. Here, we developed a quantitative method using intracellular microtubule polymerization as a rapid and sensitive marker to quantify early-stage phototoxicity. Implementing this method, we assessed the photosensitization induced by organelle dyes illuminated with different excitation wavelengths. Notably, fluorescent markers targeting mitochondria, nuclei, and endoplasmic reticulum exhibited diverse levels of phototoxicity. Furthermore, leveraging a real-time precision opto-control technology allowed us to evaluate the synergistic effect of light and dyes on specific organelles. Studies in hypoxia revealed enhanced phototoxicity of Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos that is not correlated with the generation of reactive oxygen species but a different deleterious pathway in low oxygen conditions.TeaserMicrotubule dynamics in live cells allow quantification of cellular phototoxicity of fluorescent dyes in various conditions
Mannose Supplementation Curbs Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis in Murine MASH by Inhibiting Fructose Metabolism
Authors: Hong John G. , Carbajal Yvette , Trotman Joshaya , Glass Mariel , Sclar Victoria , Alter Isaac L. , Zhang Peng , Wang Liheng , Chen Li , Petitjean Matthieu , Friedman Scott L. , DeRossi Charles , Chu Jaime 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. There are no approved medical therapies to prevent or reverse disease progression. Fructose and its metabolism in the liver play integral roles in MASH pathogenesis and progression. Here we focus on mannose, a simple sugar, which dampens hepatic stellate cell activation and mitigates alcoholic liver diseasein vitroandin vivo. In the well-validated FAT-MASH murine model, oral mannose supplementation improved both liver steatosis and fibrosis at low and high doses, whether administered either at the onset of the model (“Prevention”) or at week 6 of the 12-week MASH regimen (“Reversal”). Thein vivoanti-fibrotic effects of mannose supplementation were validated in a second model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis.In vitrohuman and mouse primary hepatocytes revealed that the anti-steatotic effects of mannose are dependent on the presence of fructose, which attenuates expression of ketohexokinase (KHK), the main enzyme in fructolysis. KHK is decreased with mannose supplementationin vivoandin vitro,and overexpression of KHK abrogated the anti-steatotic effects of mannose. Our study identifies mannose as a simple, novel therapeutic candidate for MASH that mitigates metabolic dysregulation and exerts anti-fibrotic effects.
L2-convergence of Yosida approximation for semi-linear backward stochastic differential equation with jumps in infinite dimension
Authors: Abidi Hani , Amami Rim , Pettersson Roger , Trabelsi Chiraz 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe main motivation of this paper is to present the Yosida approximation of a semi-linear backward stochastic differential equation in infinite dimension. Under suitable assumption and condition, an L2-convergence rate is established.Design/methodology/approachThe authors establish a result concerning the L2-convergence rate of the solution of backward stochastic differential equation with jumps with respect to the Yosida approximation.Findings The authors carry out a convergence rate of Yosida approximation to the semi-linear backward stochastic differential equation in infinite dimension.Originality/valueIn this paper, the authors present the Yosida approximation of a semi-linear backward stochastic differential equation in infinite dimension. Under suitable assumption and condition, an L2-convergence rate is established.
Anomie in the UK? Can cultural malaise threaten the fruition of the ideas-informed society?
Authors: Brown Chris , Luzmore Ruth , Groß Ophoff Jana 
Published: January 2024

Background: The ideas-informed society represents a desired situation in which: (1) citizens see value in staying up to date, and; (2) citizens regularly keep themselves up to date by actively, openly and critically engaging with new ideas, developments and claims to truth. As a result, it is hoped citizens become increasingly knowledgeable, better able to make good decisions, and better positioned to support new progressive norms and beliefs. Yet despite these potential benefits, a substantive proportion of the population do not value staying up to date, nor attempt to do so.
Methods: With this research project we seek to identify whether the theoretical lens of anomie can account for why “ideas refusers” do not engage with ideas, as well as provide clues as to how they might be encouraged to do so. To explore the possible impacts of anomie on ideas-engagement we conducted four online focus groups, interviewing a purposive sample of ten individuals who previously indicated they were ideas refusers.
Results: Our findings identify eleven themes which seemingly account for why ideas refusers do not currently engage with ideas. Of these, ten are related to anomie, including themes which encapsulate feelings of frustration, anxiety, confusion and powerlessness regarding the complexities of modern society.
Conclusions: We also identify three areas of future focus that might help the ongoing development of the ideas-informed society. These are: (1) the more positive and relevant reporting of ideas; (2) supporting “healthy” face-to-face engagement with ideas; and (3) supporting effective ideas engagement through social media.
COVID-19 and employees’ mental health: stressors, moderators and agenda for organizational actions
Authors: Hamouche Salima 
Published: January 2024

Background: This paper examines the impact of coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak on employees’ mental health, specifically psychological distress and depression. It aims at identifying the main stressors during and post COVID-19, examining the main moderating factors which may mitigate or aggravate the impact of COVID-19 on employees’ mental health and finally to suggest recommendations from a human resource management perspective to mitigate COVID-19’s impact on employees’ mental health.
Methods: This paper is a literature review. The search for articles was made in Google scholar, Web of Science and Semantic scholar. We used a combination of terms related to coronavirus OR COVID-19, workplace and mental health. Due to the paucity of studies on the COVID-19 impact on employees’ mental health, we had to draw on studies on recent epidemics.
Results: The identified literature reports a negative impact of COVID-19 on individual’s mental health. Stressors include perception of safety, threat and risk of contagion, infobesity versus the unknown, quarantine and confinement, stigma and social exclusion as well as financial loss and job insecurity. Furthermore, three dimensions of moderating factors have been identified: organizational, institutional and individual factors. In addition, a list of recommendations has been presented to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the employee’s mental health, during and after the outbreak, from a human resource management perspective.
Conclusions: Coronavirus is new and is in a rapid progress while writing this paper. Most of current research are biomedical focusing on individuals’ physical health. In this context, mental health issues seem overlooked. This paper helps to broaden the scope of research on workplace mental health, by examining the impact of a complex new pandemic: COVID-19 on employees’ mental health, from social sciences perceptive, mobilizing psychology and human resource management.
Learning from COVID-19: design, age-friendly technology, hacking and mental models
Authors: White P.J. , Marston Hannah R. , Shore Linda , Turner Robert 
Published: January 2024

In March 2020 the United Nations published an open brief for the creative community to propose interventions to the unfolding COVID-19 pandemic. However, when faced with unprecedented wicked problems such as these, the rigour of design and creative processes can tested. COVID-19 has demonstrated how important human centred design responses are in understanding the worldviews and ecosystems of users. Ad hoc design responses or design hacks have demonstrated that they have a role to play in how we create our future individual, community and societal ecosystems.
In terms of age friendly design, this pandemic makes us envision what should be, furthermore, how we could create better products and services through technology. For our ageing communities “Cocooning” and other social restriction measures have exposed technological deficiencies for the needs of older people and opens up questions of our future preparedness for a growing ageing society. Now more than ever, designers need to understand the behavioural mind-set of older people in their own ecosystem and understand existing mental models.
In this opinion piece we posit what acts of design hacking can lead us to greater understanding of users mental models and therefore better understanding of technology needs for both older and younger adults. While presenting various examples of how design hacking is conducted by citizens and participants alike, it shows that it offers designers differing perspectives, experiences and inspiration for technology.
Apart but not alone? A cross-sectional study of neighbour support in a major UK urban area during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Jones Mat , Beardmore Amy , Biddle Michele , Gibson Andy , Ismail Sanda Umar , McClean Stuart , White Jo 
Published: January 2024

Background: Evidence from a range of major public health incidents shows that neighbour-based action can have a critical role in emergency response, assistance and recovery. However, there is little research to date on neighbour-based action during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. This article reports on a survey of people engaged in supporting their neighbours in weeks three and four of the UK COVID-19 lockdown.
Methods: Members of area-based and community of interest COVID-19 support groups in the Bristol conurbation were invited to complete an online survey. Of 1,255 people who clicked on the survey link, 862 responded; of these, 539 responses were eligible for analysis.
Results: Respondents reported providing a wide range of support that went beyond health information, food and medical prescription assistance, to include raising morale through humour, creativity and acts of kindness and solidarity. A substantial proportion felt that they had become more involved in neighbourhood life following the lockdown and had an interest in becoming more involved in future. Neighbour support spanned all adult age groups, including older people categorised as being at-risk to the virus. With respect to most measures, there were no differences in the characteristics of support between respondents in areas of higher and lower deprivation. However, respondents from more deprived areas were more likely to state that they were involved in supporting certain vulnerable groups.
Conclusions: As with previous research on major social upheavals, our findings suggest that responses to the viral pandemic and associated social restrictions may increase existing social and health inequalities, and further research should explore this issue in more depth.