bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of abciximab versus tirofiban on hospital length of stay for PCI patients
Authors: Lage Maureen J. , Barber Beth L. , McCollam Patrick L. , Bala Mohan , Scherer Joel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this retrospective study was to examine in a naturalistic setting the effect of abciximab versus tirofiban on hospital length of stay for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Retrospective data were obtained from HCIASach's Clinical Pathways Database on 5,560 PCI patients who were administered either abciximab or tirofiban. Multivariate analysis was used to control for a wide range of factors (GPIIb/IIIa selection, patient demographics, insurance provider, health conditions, admission information, and hospital characteristics) that may influence hospital length of stay. Estimation was conducted via a two‐stage sample selection model. After controlling for high‐risk indications and sources of selection bias, results indicate that receipt of abciximab was associated with significantly shorter lengths of hospital stays compared to tirofiban (1.01 fewer days; p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis of patients having an acute myocardial infarction (AMI; n = 2,593), receipt of abciximab was also found to be associated with significantly shorter hospital stays compared to tirofiban (0.60 fewer days; p < 0.001). Results of this study indicate that patients who are administered abciximab versus tirofiban have significantly shorter hospital stays. This reduction in length of stay may imply potential cost offsets for PCI patients who receive abciximab. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52:298–305. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suitability of the Cordis Stabilizer™ marker guide wire for quantitative coronary angiography calibration: An in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Koning G. , Hekking E. , Kemppainen J.S. , Richardson G.A. , Rothman M.T. , Reiber J.H.C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCatheters usually are used for calibration purposes in quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The systematic and random errors in these calibration factors (CFs) are dependent on the size and quality of the catheters and limited by out‐of‐plane magnification (OPM). Theoretically, a guide wire with evenly spaced marker bands would solve many of these potential problems. For this reason, we tested the Cordis Stabilizer™ marker wire, featuring 10 radiopaque platinum marker bands 15 mm apart, in in vitro and in vivo studies. To assess the effect of foreshortening, wires were positioned in a tube phantom; a centimeter grid was used as the gold standard. Radiographic images were acquired at 5‐inch and 7‐inch image‐intensifier sizes, 5122 and 1,0242 matrix sizes and angulations from 0° to 70° in steps of 10°. It was concluded that the relative errors in CFs are less than 7% if the foreshortening angles remain less than 20°. In DICOM images of 15 patients, 65 measurements were taken after calibration on an 8F catheter and on a guide wire positioned in the coronary lesion. In all but two cases, the wire CFs were larger than the catheter CFs (relative difference, 24.7 ± 19.6%). The measurements were divided into four groups: (I) no apparent OPM or foreshortening (n = 7), (II) only OPM (n = 4), (III) only foreshortening (n = 10), and (IV) the combination of both (n = 44). In group I (no OPM or foreshortening) the QCA results were similar using the guide wire or catheter as the calibration device (relative CF difference, 2.9% only). In group III the diameters were overestimated using the guide wire (obstruction diameter difference, 0.22 ± 0.11 mm; reference diameter difference, 0.35 ± 0.06 mm). For only OPM (group II) and the combination of OPM and foreshortening (group IV), the lesion length was underestimated on average by 2.4 mm using the catheter instead of the guide wire. In conclusion, if accurate assessment of the lesion length is important, the marker wire should be used for calibration purposes. For vessel diameter measurements, the conventional catheter calibration approach is the method of choice. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52:334–341. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous stent placement as treatment for an infant with superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Frias Patricio A. , Johns James A. , Drinkwater Davis C. , Doyle Thomas P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe percutaneous use of stents for the treatment of superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is well described in the adult population. We report the successful use of intravascular stents to treat an infant with severe SVC syndrome. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;52:355–358. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brachytherapy for in‐stent restenosis through the internal mammary artery
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshio , Moses Jeffrey W. , Collins Michael , Colombo Antonio , Leon Martin B. , Teirstein Paul S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report five cases treated with brachytherapy through the internal mammary artery (IMA) for in‐stent restenosis at the distal anastomosis (n = 3) and in the left anterior descending coronary artery beyond the distal anastomosis (n = 2). After angioplasty, catheter‐based gamma radiation was performed. There was no delivery failure of the radiation system. All cases had angiographic success and no procedural or in‐hospital complications. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;53:530–534. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicentre, prospective, randomized trial of 4 vs. 6 French catheters in 410 patients undergoing coronary angiography
Authors: Todd Derick M. , Hubner Peter J. , Hudson Norah , Sarma Jaydeep , McCance Alastair J. , Caplin John 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the quality of angiograms obtained using 4 Fr catheters compared with 6 Fr catheters, the ease of use of the 4 Fr catheters, and the safety of patient mobilization 1 hr following 4 Fr angiography. Details of catheter performance and procedural details were recorded at the time of the angiogram. The angiographic images were scored on the quality and completeness of vessel opacification throughout systole and diastole. A total of 410 patients were recruited. There was no difference between 4 and 6 Fr for procedural variables. All angiograms were considered to be of diagnostic quality. The angiographic scores for the right coronary artery and left ventricular injections were no different between 4 and 6 Fr. However, the angiographic scores for the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries were lower with 4 than with 6 Fr (both P < 0.05). Patients who had 4 Fr angiography mobilized safely at 1 hr and reported significantly less discomfort and bruising than 6 Fr patients. Good‐quality diagnostic coronary angiograms can be achieved using 4 Fr catheters with the advantage of earlier postprocedural mobilization and reduced discomfort and bruising for the patient. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:269–275. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non‐flow limiting dissection leading to late coronary restenosis following intracoronary brachytherapy
Authors: McClean Dougal R. , Thomas Martyn R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report a coronary dissection detected during routine repeat angiography 6 months following balloon angioplasty and intracoronary radiation. No dissection was seen immediately following the initial procedure. Subsequent late healing of the dissection led to marked restenosis and the development of angina 14 months after the index procedure. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:355–357. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stereoselective binding and degradation of sulbenicillin in the presence of human serum albumin
Authors: Tsuda Yasuyuki , Tsunoi Tomoko , Watanabe Naoko , Ishida Mariko , Yamada Hideo , Itoh Tomoo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBinding of sulbenicillin (SBPC) isomers to human serum albumin (HSA) was stereoselective. There were at least two classes of binding sites on HSA for SBPC isomers. At the stereoselective high affinity site, binding was in favor of R‐SBPC, the binding constant of R‐SBPC being approximately 2.3‐fold greater than that of S‐SBPC. By using site marker ligands, it was revealed that the stereoselective site was Site I (warfarin binding site). Affinity for the low affinity (nonstereoselective) site was similar for the diastereomers, approximately 7–30‐fold lower than for the stereoselective site. R‐SBPC and S‐SBPC appeared to displace each other competitively at both binding sites. On the other hand, R‐SBPC was degraded much faster than S‐SBPC in the presence of HSA, with a degradation rate constant approximately 7‐fold greater for R‐SBPC than for S‐SBPC. The degradation of R‐SBPC was inhibited in the presence of warfarin and dependent on the concentration of R‐SBPC bound to Site I. The results demonstrate that Site I is responsible for the stereoselective degradation. Chirality 13:236–243, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discrimination in resolving systems. VI. Comparison of the diastereomers of deoxyephedrinium and ephedrinium 4′‐fluoromandelates
Authors: Valente Edward J. , Smith Tyler N. , Harris Marcus E. 
Published: August 2002

Abstract(−)‐(R)‐Deoxyephedrine forms poorly discriminating diastereomeric salts with 4′‐fluoromandelic acid from 95% ethanol. Both less‐soluble (L) (S)‐4′‐fluoromandelate and more‐soluble (M) (R)‐4′‐fluoromandelate phases are monoclinic and unsolvated. Their solubility ratio (M/L) in 95% ethanol is only 1.2, which correlates with the similarity and small differences in their respective heats of fusion and fusion temperatures. The (R)‐deoxyephedrinium and the related (1R;2S)‐ephedrinium 4′‐fluoromandelate systems show L‐salts with higher ion‐pair volumes and lower densities than their M‐salts. (R)‐Deoxyephedrinium salts have higher volumes than the comparable (1R;2S)‐ephedrinium salts even though the resolving base (R)‐deoxyephedrine lacks the benzylic hydroxy. In the solids, bilayered structures segregate polar and nonpolar molecular regions. The principle interionic interactions are hydrogen bonds between protonated secondary ammonium ions and carboxylates forming infinite chains with a six‐atom repeating unit H‐N+‐H···O‐C−‐O [C22(6)]. These are buttressed by mandelate hydroxy to carboxylate hydrogen bonds. Differing interactions between phenyl and 4′‐fluorophenyl rings in the nonpolar layers of the salts correlate with the density and stability inversion. Chirality 13:244–250, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantiomers of 2‐[(Acylamino)ethyl]‐1,4‐benzodiazepines, Potent ligands of κ‐opioid receptor: Chiral chromatographic resolution, configurational assignment, and biological activity
Authors: Azzolina O. , Collina S. , Linati L. , Anzini M. , Cappelli A. , Scheideler M.A. , Sbacchi M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCompounds 2a and 3a–e are racemic 2‐[(acylamino)ethyl]‐1,4‐benzodiazepines, tifluadom analogs, with high affinity and selectivity towards the κ‐opioid receptor. We describe the enantiomeric separation of all compounds through liquid chromatography with chiral stationary phases, as well as the resolution of the enantiomers of the most interesting compounds, 2a and 3a, by the semipreparative column Chiralpak AD. The configuration of the resolved enantiomers was investigated: the comparative study of CD and 1H NMR spectra shows that compounds (−)‐2a and (−)‐3a have the same absolute configuration of (+)‐(S)‐tifluadom. A study on the stereoselective interaction with opiate receptors is reported. Chirality 13:606–612, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reflections on Lanchester strategy
Authors: Schuler John 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Lanchester strategy of sales and marketing, based on F.W. Lanchester's equations of combat (1995), has been extensively developed in Japan since the early 1960s (Taoka, 1997). The strategy is based on a rigorous mathematical analysis of military and marketing warfare that uses elements of game theory, probability, ecology, and calculus to show that the Lanchester laws are verified in theory and practice (Onoda, 1999). As this knowledge filters out into the business world (Lewis, 1997; Yano, 1996), the interest is in real‐life case studies that illustrate the application and practice of the Lanchester strategy (Skelton, 1999). However, companies are reluctant, if not paranoid, about releasing information on strategic planning, market share, and business strategies to potential competitors, as any case study of more than superficial interest will cover these areas in detail. An approach to gaining real‐world case studies is to view recent articles in business journals through the lens of Lanchester strategy. Using data taken from recent Wall Street Journal articles, we will provide sufficient market share and background information to generate a number of case studies that illustrate the Lanchester strategy, but first we provide some background on F.W. Lanchester, the strategy, and its significance. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Integrating CI with strategic market planning through the use of “Channels‐To‐Market™ mapping”
Authors: Bulger Nan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMapping distribution channels against a company's defined market segments provides a methodical way of addressing short‐term tactical and long‐term strategic decisions, and guides the user in the focused use of CI data collection. This mapping technique is called CTM™ or Channels‐To‐Market™. It is an analytical tool based on the principle that there must be a focus on events occurring at individual market segment and distribution channel intersections, and that those events support business decision‐making at tactical and strategic levels throughout and beyond an entire business life cycle. The result is the application of CI data points to business scenarios and actual corporate business decisions. This article is a brief overview discussion concentrated on the application of the CTM™ Map and methodology, and how it makes CI tangible and “actionable” by focusing and linking the organization's CI collection efforts to relevant marketing, sales, strategic planning, and other deliverables that provide direct return on investment (ROI). © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The japanese intelligence culture
Authors: Ikeya Nozomu (Nick) , Ishikawa Katsumi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn Japan, the relationship between the government and business has traditionally been strong due to the country's historical and cultural background. The major governmental organizations have played a critical role supporting the nation's CI activities in business and in the industrial/technology arena. Until the 1980s, the government, especially through the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Culture (METI), directed business to facilitate the country's economic recovery following the devastation of World War II. The government not only coordinates complex issues among companies, but also provides CI support through METI, the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO), and its embassies. Japan's economic recession and bureaucratic corruption of the 1990s suggest that its economy is now in a transitional period from its postwar industrial success. The national policy may now change focus. It is anticipated that the roles of METI and its affiliates would also have to change. Businesses and citizens are calling for the liquidation of government‐affiliated organizations whose roles are no longer relevant or appropriate. In light of this, any CI distributed by those national organizations would be somewhat, or greatly, reduced if such restructuring takes place. However, collaboration between the government and business organizations will continue. As long as Japanese companies maintain their information‐intensive culture, there will be support for CI activities regardless of whether it comes from the government or other sources. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Centrosome behavior in motile HGF‐treated PtK2 cells expressing GFP‐gamma tubulin
Authors: Danowski Barbara A. , Khodjakov Alexey , Wadsworth Patricia 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn response to locomotory cues, many motile cells have been shown to reposition their centrosome to a location in front of the nucleus, towards the direction of cell migration. We examined centrosome position in PtK2 epithelial cells treated with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which stimulates motility but, unlike chemotactic agents or wounding of a monolayer, provides no directional cues. To observe centrosome movement directly, a plasmid encoding human gamma tubulin fused to the green fluorescent protein was expressed in HGF‐treated cells. In cells whose movements were unconstrained by neighboring cells, we found that the position of the centrosome was not correlated with the direction of cell locomotion. Further, in cells where the direction of locomotion changed during the observation period, the centrosome did not reorient toward the new direction of locomotion. Analysis of centrosome and nuclear movement showed that motion of the centrosome often lagged behind that of the nucleus. Analysis of 249 fixed cells stained with an antibody to gamma tubulin confirmed our observations in live cells: 69% of the cells had centrosomes behind the nucleus, away from the direction of locomotion. Of these, 41% had their centrosome in the retraction tail. Confocal microscopy showed that the microtubule array in HGF treated PtK2 cells was predominantly non‐centrosomal. Because microtubules are required for efficient cellular locomotion, we propose that non‐centrosomal microtubules stabilize the direction of locomotion without a requirement for reorientation of the centrosome. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 50:59–68, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NMR of peptides and proteins in oriented membranes
Authors: Marassi Francesca M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSolid‐state NMR spectroscopy is used to determine the structures of membrane peptides and proteins in lipid bilayers. The methodology for membrane protein structure determination using solid‐state NMR of oriented lipid bilayer samples is outlined. Recent developments in recombinant bacterial expression systems for the preparation of isotopically labeled membrane proteins, pulse sequences for high‐resolution spectroscopy, and structural indices that guide the structure assembly process greatly extend the capabilities of the technique. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magn Reson 14, 212–224, 2002.
Predictive model of axillary lymph node involvement in women with small invasive breast carcinoma
Authors: Martin Caroline , Cutuli Bruno , Velten Michel 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDAxillary lymph node involvement (ALNI) remains the most accurate predictive factor for recurrence risk and survival in patients with invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) and is an essential element in therapeutic decisions. However, axillary dissection (AD) is responsible for several side effects and is now discussed in small IBC. The objective of this study was to define a predictive model of ALNI by using clinical and histologic variables available before surgery.METHODSThe authors studied 795 cases of IBC (T0, T1, T2 ≤ 4 cm; N0; M0) treated between 1980 and 1997 by conservative surgery and radiation therapy. All cases had axillary dissection with at least 10 lymph nodes removed. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to build a predictive model of ALNI. The authors then used the jackknife resampling technique to produce unbiased estimates of the probabilities of ALNI along with their confidence intervals.RESULTSThe global ALNI rate was 25.7%. The final predictive model included clinical tumor size, location, and histologic subtype and grade as variables independently associated with ALNI. The estimated probability of ALNI varied from 6% to 45%, according to case characteristics for these variables.CONCLUSIONSThese results show that the omission of AD in surgical procedures for these tumors is debatable. Even when ALNI rates were low, the superior bounds of the confidence intervals could be high. Consequently, we do not recommend to omit AD in women whose estimated risks are higher than 25%. Women with a risk of ALNI lower than 25% could benefit from the sentinel lymph node procedure with, likewise, a limited risk of false‐negative. Cancer 2002;94:314–22. © 2002 American Cancer Society.
Alternative bimonthly cycles of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide, cisplatin with hematopoietic growth factor support in patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site
Authors: Culine Stéphane , Fabbro Michel , Ychou Marc , Romieu Gilles , Cupissol Didier , Pinguet Frédéric 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause carcinomas of unknown primary origin are highly malignant tumors with a bad prognosis (median survival, 6–12 months) and no current optimal therapy, the authors designed a prospective dose‐dense chemotherapy regimen with the objective of improving the results observed in patients who receive conventional treatment.METHODSEighty‐two patients received alternative bimonthly cycles of doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 with cyclophosphamide 1000 mg/m2 (AC) and etoposide 300 mg/m2 with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 (EP). Cycles were given at 2‐week intervals with granulocyte‐macrophage–stimulating factor support (5 μg/kg per day) from Day 4 to Day 10. Patients without measurable lesions were included, because the major end point was survival.RESULTSThe median number of alternative cycles of AC and EP was 4 cycles (range, 1–12 cycles). An objective response was observed in 24 of 62 patients (39%; 95% confidence interval, 30–48%) with measurable lesions, including 6 patients who achieved a complete response. Among 20 patients with nonmeasurable disease, 9 patients (45%) had no evidence of progressive disease at the end of chemotherapy. The overall median survival of 82 patients was 10 months, with 5 patients surviving clinically disease free at 17 months, 29 months, 45 months, 64 months, and 70 months after the end of treatment. Myelosuppression was the most common toxicity. Two toxic deaths occurred.CONCLUSIONSUsing these doses and schedules, a dose‐dense chemotherapy regimen did not appear to improve the outcome of patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site. Alternative studies dealing with news drugs will be required. Cancer 2002;94:840–6. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10264
Expression of CD95 (Fas) in sun‐exposed human skin and cutaneous carcinomas
Authors: Filipowicz Ewa , Adegboyega P. , Sanchez R. L. , Gatalica Zoran 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarcinomas of the skin are by far the most common human malignancies. Continuous exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light facilitates the development of precancerous lesions (actinic keratosis [AK]) that may progress to invasive squamous carcinomas. Apoptosis, triggered by the activation of CD95 (Fas), is one of the most important defense mechanisms against UV light–induced carcinogenesis in experimental models, but the dynamics of CD95 expression in patients with sun‐induced lesions are largely unknown.METHODSThe authors studied the expression of CD95 (Fas) in biopsy samples of normal skin (not exposed to sun) and compared it with chronically sun‐exposed skin (as evidenced by solar elastosis), AK, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and keratoacanthomas (KA).RESULTSNormal skin keratinocytes expressed CD95 in cytoplasmic membranes and intercellular bridges in the basal layer. In chronically sun‐exposed keratinocytes (solar elastosis, no evidence of dysplasia), CD95 expression was up‐regulated and was observed throughout the entire thickness of the epidermis. However, in actinic keratosis there was a complete absence of Fas in approximately two‐thirds of the cases (8 of 12). In invasive SCC, CD95 was expressed focally and weakly only at the sites of contact with stromal lymphocytes. Keratoacanthomas consistently expressed CD95 at the interface with the inflammatory cells. No staining was observed in BCC.CONCLUSIONSCD95 (Fas) up‐regulation in chronically sun‐exposed keratinocytes indicates an important role in the control of sun‐induced damage. Further sun exposure results, however, in significant down‐regulation of this defense mechanism, proportional to the degree of dysplasia. Cancer 2002;94:814–9. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10277