bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the water level at the Kien Giang River based on regression techniques
Authors: Chieu Ta Quang , Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Thi Hue Dao , Huong Nguyen Thi Thu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractModel accuracy and runtime are two key issues for flood warnings in rivers. Traditional hydrodynamic models, which have a rigorous physical mechanism for flood routine, have been widely adopted for water level prediction in river, lake, and urban areas. However, these models require various types of data, in‐depth domain knowledge, experience with modeling, and intensive computational time, which hinders short‐term or real‐time prediction. In this paper, we propose a new framework based on machine learning methods to alleviate the aforementioned limitation. We develop a wide range of machine learning models such as linear regression (LR), support vector regression (SVR), random forest regression (RFR), multilayer perceptron regression (MLPR), and light gradient boosting machine regression (LGBMR) to predict the hourly water level at Le Thuy and Kien Giang stations of the Kien Giang river based on collected data of 2010, 2012, and 2020. Four evaluation metrics, that is, R2, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, mean absolute error, and root mean square error, are employed to examine the reliability of the proposed models. The results show that the LR model outperforms the SVR, RFR, MLPR, and LGBMR models.
Students' credibility criteria for evaluating scientific information: The case of climate change on social media
Authors: Kresin Soraya , Kremer Kerstin , Büssing Alexander Georg 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rise of social media platforms and the subsequent lack of traditional gatekeeping mechanisms contribute to the multiplied spread of scientific misinformation. Particularly in these new media spaces, there is a rising need for science education in fostering a science media literacy that enables students to evaluate the credibility of scientific information. A key determinant of a successful credibility evaluation is the effectiveness of the criteria students apply in this process. However, research suggests that existing credibility criteria are often not integrated into students' actual social media evaluation behavior. This hints to a lack of transferability of the existing criteria. As a consequence, knowledge about how learners evaluate credibility in social media is a first step in closing this gap. In the present study, we report results from six focus groups with 21 10th‐grade students (M = 15 years, 57% female, 38% male, 5% nonbinary) about their usage of different credibility criteria in the case of social media posts about climate change. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis and as a first step assigned to established credibility dimensions of content (what?) and source‐related criteria (who?). Additionally, given the complexity of social media, we also added a composition‐based category (how?). In a second analysis step, we adapted our subcategories to the recently proposed credibility heuristic by Osborne and Pimentel. The findings suggest that students generally take criteria from all three heuristic credibility dimensions into account and combine different criteria when evaluating the credibility of scientific information in social media. Based on the application of the credibility criteria to the heuristic, implications for the development of teaching materials for fostering science media literacy are discussed.
Descriptive design structure matrices for improved system dynamics qualitative modeling
Authors: Qureshi Rameez R. , Ford David N. , Wolf Charles M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQualitative modeling approaches can be useful in system information collection, model analysis, and formal model development. This is difficult when the number of elements and their interactions in the system is large. System dynamicists need additional tools and methods to conceptually model these large tightly coupled systems. We propose and test the Descriptive Design Structure Matrix (DDSM) as a qualitative system dynamics modeling tool and approach for systems with many elements and more interactions that can reasonably be modeled individually using traditional system dynamics methods. A DDSM consists of four parallel and internally consistent matrices that describe system interactions with binary relations, nontechnical text, technical text, and literature support. By including and documenting system information in multiple forms, DDSMs facilitate multiple stages of system dynamics modeling, improve modeler communication with system participants and domain experts, and improve model rigor. DDSM construction is described. A case study of the 2014 flooding in Kashmir is used to illustrate and test a DDSM and its application. Due to their compact format, DDSMs provide a useful visual communication aid, intuitive reasoning tool, and foundation for formal system dynamics modeling and analysis. © 2024 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
The strategic role of owners in firm growth: Contextualizing ownership competence in private firms
Authors: von Nitzsch Jannis , Bird Miriam , Saiedi Ed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWe integrate the emerging literature on the strategic role of firm owners in firms' value creation with Penrosean growth theory to investigate how and under what conditions two experience‐based competences among owners—matching competence and governance competence—influence firm growth. Employing a longitudinal sample of 2509 owner‐managed German firms, we find a positive relationship between owners' experience‐based competences and firm growth. Further, we find that in family firms, the positive relationship between owners' experience‐based governance competence and firm growth is weaker and that both experience‐based competences matter more in younger firms compared with older firms. Our findings make important contributions to research on strategic ownership and Penrosean growth theory.Managerial SummaryIn our study, we show that two competences of owner–managers are important for the growth of their firms: their matching competence, which is the ability to theorize about valuable resource configurations and cognitively envision a path to implement them, and their governance competence, which is the ability to create effective governance arrangements to align incentives within a firm. Our results suggest that it is challenging for owner–managers from family firms to leverage their governance competence to achieve growth, which could potentially be resolved by instituting governance mechanisms that prevent nepotism. We also show that owner–managers' competences are particularly important in the early years of their firms when no standardized processes are in place.
(3,19)‐4‐Bromobenzylidene‐isoandrographolide Induces Apoptosis and Causes Loss of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Tamang Nitesh , Inabathina Yashwanth , Mavileti Sai Kiran , Sripada Lakshminath , Nanduri Srinivas , Golakoti Nageswara Rao , Karanam Balasubramanyam 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEighteen isoandrographolide analogues were synthesized, characterized and tested for their anticancer activity against 60 cancer cell lines at NCI. Three of the synthesized acetals ((3,19)‐3‐Nitro‐benzylidene‐isoandrographolide (3 p), (3,19)‐4‐Nitrobenzylidene‐isoandrographolide (3 q) and (3,19)‐4‐Isopropyl‐benzylidene‐isoandrographolide (3 r)) are novel. Most of the compounds were found to be active against leukaemia and breast cancer with (3,19)‐3,5‐difluorobenzylidene‐isoandrographolide(3 o) having the best growth inhibition of 76.90 % and 87.54 % against leukaemia (MOLT‐4) and breast cancer (BT‐549) respectively. A single crystal of compound 3 o was grown and it was characterized using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Further studies showed that the compound (3,19)‐4‐Bromobenzylidene‐isoandrographolide (IC50 3 μM) was more active than tamoxifen (IC50 12 μM) against MCF‐7 and arrested the cell cycle at G1‐Phase of MCF‐7 and was observed to be inducing apoptosis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.
The synergistic impact of multi walled carbon nanotubes on microstructural, morphological, and optical properties of polyaniline films
Authors: Mathew Roshan Joseph , Radhakrishnan Parvathy , Pragash R. , John Joseph , Arun Kumar K. V. , Sajeev U. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNanocomposite of polyaniline (PANI) and multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was synthesised by ex‐situ solution mixing process in the N‐Methyl‐2‐Pyrrolidinone (NMP) solvent medium by varying the concentration of MWCNT in the PANI matrix. PANI‐MWCNT composite films were prepared by the drop casting method. The morphology, structure and chemical composition of PANI and PANI‐MWCNT nanocomposites were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) spectra. The experimental findings suggested a favourable synergy between PANI and MWCNTs. PANI‐MWCNT nanocomposite formed as randomly oriented nanofibrous clusters was confirmed, and the bandgap of the composites was found to be gradually decreased with the increase in concentration of MWCNT in the PANI matrix. The calculation of crystallinity index, crystallite size, average d‐spacing, dislocation density, lattice strain, and inter chain separation of the samples were conducted by XRD analysis. When the MWCNT concentration increased from 0.05 % w/v to 0.5 % w/v, a rise in the degree of crystallinity from 3.39 % to 52.46 %, dislocation density from 0.03315×10−3(nm−2)to 0.07133×10−3 (nm−2) and lattice strain from 8.6821×10−3 to 12.9843×10−3, accompanied by a reduction in both crystallite size and inter‐chain separation were observed .The microcrystalline behaviour and crystalline orientation of the PANI‐MWCNT composites were correlated with the bandgap studies. The composite formation improved the thermal stability of PANI. The co‐relation between the crystallinity parameters and fine tuning of optical bandgap and the control over the defect levels were done in this study. This synergy suggests that these composites are suitable candidates for linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) applications.
Direct Dearomatization of Quinoline/Isoquinoline Ammonium Halides to Construct N‐Substituted Tetrahydroquinolines and Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Li Fu‐Yu , Xiao Yao , Huang Dong‐Wei , Xu Hong , Wang Bei , Wang Ji‐Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDearomatization of quinoline/isoquinoline quaternary ammonium salts to synthesize valuable tetrahydroquinolines was firstly reported. Under this method, we used phenylsilane as a reducing agent to prepare a series of tetrahydroquinoline and tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives conveniently and quickly in moderate to good yields. This method showed good functional group tolerance, wide substrate range, mild reaction conditions and simple operation.
Molecular Intercalation Enables Phase Transition of MoSe2 for Durable Na‐Ion Storage
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Boxin , Wang Jiaqi , Du Hongfang , Du Zhuzhu , Ai Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract1T‐MoSe2 is recognized as a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries, thanks to its excellent electrical conductivity and large interlayer distance. However, its inherent thermodynamic instability often presents unparalleled challenges in phase control and stabilization. Here, a molecular intercalation strategy is developed to synthesize thermally stable 1T‐rich MoSe2, covalently bonded to an intercalated carbon layer (1TR/2H‐MoSe2@C). Density functional theory calculations uncover that the introduced ethylene glycol molecules not only serve as electron donors, inducing a reorganization of Mo 4d orbitals, but also as sacrificial guest materials that generate a conductive carbon layer. Furthermore, the C─Se/C─O─Mo bonds encourage strong interfacial electronic coupling, and the carbon layer prevents the restacking of MoSe2, regulating the maximum 1T phase to an impressive 80.3%. Consequently, the 1TR/2H‐MoSe2@C exhibits an extraordinary rate capacity of 326 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 and maintains a long‐term cycle stability up to 1500 cycles, with a capacity of 365 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1. Additionally, the full cell delivers an appealing energy output of 194 Wh kg−1 at 208 W kg−1, with a capacity retention of 87.3% over 200 cycles. These findings contribute valuable insights toward the development of innovative transition metal dichalcogenides for next‐generation energy storage technologies.
Genetic association of circulating interleukins and risk of colorectal cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Dong Jiaxing , Jiang Wanju , Zhang Wenjia , Hu Renhao , Huang Zhiye , Guo Taohua , Du Tao , Jiang Xiaohua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have reported that inflammation, especially interleukin family members, plays an important role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, because of various confounders and the lack of clinical randomized controlled trial, the causal relationship between genetically predicted level of interleukin family and CRC risk has not been fully explained.ObjectiveBi‐directional Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to investigate the causal association between interleukin family members and CRC.MethodsSeveral genetic variables were extracted as instrumental variables (IVs) from summary data of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for interleukin and CRC. IVs of interleukin family were obtained from recently published GWAS studies and the summary data of CRC was from FinnGen Biobank. After a series of quality control measures and strict screening, six models were used to evaluate the causal relationship. Pleiotropy, heterogeneity test, and a variety of sensitivity analysis were also used to estimate the robustness of the model results.ResultsGenetically predicted higher circulating levels of IL‐2 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.63–0.92; p = .0043), IL‐17F(OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–1.00; p = .015), and IL‐31 (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79–0.98; p = .023) were suggestively associated with decreased CRC risk. However, higher level of IL‐10 (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.18–1.65; p = .000094) was causally associated with increased risk of CRC. Reverse MR results indicated that the exposure of CRC was suggestively associated with higher levels of IL‐36α (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.01–1.49; p = .040) and IL‐17RD (OR: 1.22; 95% CI, 1.00–1.48; p = .048) and lower level of IL‐13 (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65–0.95; p = .013). The overall MR results did not provide evidence for causal relationships between other interleukins and CRC (p > .05).ConclusionWe offer suggestive evidence supporting a potential causal relationship between circulating interleukins and CRC, underscoring the significance of targeting circulating interleukins as a strategy to mitigate the incidence of CRC.
Genome‐wide SNP discovery and genotyping delineates potential QTLs underlying major yield‐attributing traits in buckwheat
Authors: Naik Samiullah , Sudan Jebi , Urwat Uneeb , Pakhtoon Mohammad Maqbool , Bhat Basharat , Sharma Varun , Sofi Parvaze A. , Shikari Asif B. , Bhat Bilal A. , Sofi Najeebul Rehman , Prasad P. V. Vara , Zargar Sajad Majeed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBuckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) is an important nutritional and nutraceutical‐rich pseudo‐cereal crop. Despite its obvious potential as a functional food, buckwheat has not been fully harnessed due to its low yield, self‐incompatibility, increased seed cracking, limited seed set, lodging, and frost susceptibility. The inadequate availability of genomics resources in buckwheat is one of the major reasons for this. In the present study, genome‐wide association mapping (GWAS) was conducted to identify loci associated with various morphological and yield‐related traits in buckwheat. High throughput genotyping by sequencing led to the identification of 34,978 single nucleotide polymorphisms that were distributed across eight chromosomes. Population structure analysis grouped the genotypes into three sub‐populations. The genotypes were also characterized for various qualitative and quantitative traits at two diverse locations, the analysis of which revealed a significant difference in the mean values. The association analysis revealed a total of 71 significant marker–trait associations across eight chromosomes. The candidate genes were identified near 100 Kb of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), providing insights into several metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. The integration of phenology and GWAS in the present study is useful to uncover the consistent genomic regions, related markers associated with various yield‐related traits, and potential candidate genes having implications for being utilized in molecular breeding for the improvement of economically important traits in buckwheat. Moreover, the identified QTLs will assist in tracking the desirable alleles of target genes within the buckwheat breeding populations/germplasm.
Uses and Misuses of Commercial Reading Assessment: An Applied Framework for Decision Making in Grades K through 6
Authors: Truckenmiller Adrea J. , Cho Eunsoo , Bourgeois Samantha , Friedman Ellie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this article was to offer guidance to educators in evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, and most effective uses of commercial reading assessment suites. We provide three resources to help educators who are responsible for making instructional decisions in reading using formal screening, benchmark, interim, and progress‐monitoring assessment suites. First, we recommend a framework for how one can judiciously select and use reading assessment. Then we identify a few common misuses of reading assessment scores and ways to reframe them into more effective uses. Finally, we detail the specific strengths and limitations of six commercial assessment suites commonly used in elementary schools for screening and other specific instructional decisions. The framework we describe could also generalize to other subject matter, grade levels, and types of assessment scores.
Assessment of technological developments for camera‐traps: a wireless transmission system and solar panels
Authors: Barros Ana Luísa , Alcobia Sandra , Gonçalves Paula , MacKenzie Darryl I. , Santos‐Reis Margarida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCamera‐trapping is considered a cost‐efficient method to monitor wildlife, but relevant performance constraints remain. We assessed performance and cost‐benefit for 2 recent technological innovations: (i) a wireless transmission system where cameras communicate in a network, and (ii) using solar panels as a camera's sole power supply. The maximum distance between cameras that ensured wireless connection varied between 2 km in open habitats and 335 m in forest habitats with dense tree cover. The cost of using the wireless transmission system was lower for surveys run for >45 days and for >15 sampling units (i.e., camera‐trap sites). For surveys longer than 15 days, using the wireless transmission system required, on average, 8 fewer days of fieldwork. We measured the performance of the solar panels in terms of capture probability, and the solar‐powered cameras (β = −0.015 ± 0.01 in the log scale) outperformed battery‐powered cameras (β = −0.103 ± 0.005) as capture rate decreased more slowly, particularly for nighttime events (difference in capture probability of the solar‐powered relative to the battery‐powered cameras at night, β = 0.09 ± 0.01). We consider that, although camera‐traps with wireless transmission can provide a return on investment for a wide range of survey designs, the constraints on maximum distance for transmission are a limitation. Despite the higher cost, we recommend solar‐powered camera‐traps as they had improved performance with a higher proportion of species events captured than by battery‐powered cameras.
Numerical simulations of entropy generation and Arrhenius activation energy on peristaltic transport of Prandtl‐Eyring fluid in a curved conduit
Authors: Zahir Hina , Muhammad Khursheed , Ali Fizza , Ghazwani Hassan Ali , Hussien Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe study aims to explore the combined impact of activation energy and entropy generation on Prandtl‐Eyring fluid flow within a curved channel, considering Hall and ion slip effects, alongside the influence of nonlinear thermal radiation on heat transfer. This research is pivotal as it delves into the multifaceted relationship among these factors, offering important implications spanning various fields, from engineering to physics. Notably, the findings highlight that heightened nonlinear thermal radiation does not solely elevate entropy generation but also amplifies the Bejan number, signifying a substantial effect on fluid flow dynamics. Furthermore, the investigation reveals an intriguing correlation: lower concentrations paired with higher Arrhenius activation energy values correspond to heightened chemical reaction rates, presenting valuable insights applicable to reaction engineering and material sciences. Additionally, exploring the impact of activation energy and entropy generation within this fluid model presents a unique approach to understanding complex fluid dynamics and heat transfer phenomena, offering insights crucial for various engineering applications, particularly in fluid dynamics, thermal sciences, and materials engineering.
Gauge boson mass dependence and chiral anomalies in generalized massless Schwinger models
Authors: Georgi Howard 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
I bosonize the position-space correlators of flavor-diagonal scalar fermion bilinears in arbitrary generalizations of the Schwinger model with nF massless fermions coupled to nA gauge bosons for nF ≥ nA. For nA = nF, the fermion bilinears can be bosonized in terms of nF scalars with masses proportional to the gauge couplings. As in the Schwinger model, bosonization can be used to find all correlators, including those that are forbidden in perturbation theory by anomalous chiral symmetries, but there are subtleties when there is more than one gauge boson. The new result here is the general treatment of the dependence on gauge boson masses in models with more than one gauge symmetry. For nA < nF, there are fermion bilinears with nontrivial anomalous dimensions and there are unbroken chiral symmetries so some correlators vanish while others are non-zero due to chiral anomlies. Taking careful account of the dependence on the masses, I show how the nA < nF models emerge from nA = nF as gauge couplings (and thus gauge boson masses) go to zero. When this is done properly, the limit of zero gauge coupling is smooth. Our consistent treatment of gauge boson masses guarantees that anomalous symmetries are broken while unbroken chiral symmetries are preserved because correlators that break the non-anomalous symmetries go to zero in the limit of zero gauge coupling.