bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early M‐protein immune reconstitution after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a good prognostic marker for patients with high‐risk cytogenetic multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhu Huihui , Liu Junru , Gu Jingli , Chen Meilan , Kuang Lifen , Huang Beihui , Zou Waiyi , Li Juan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThe presence of transient abnormal protein banding (M‐protein immune reconstitution) in serum immunofixation electrophoresis after autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma has been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of post‐transplant M‐protein immune reconstitution on the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma. M‐protein immune reconstitution was observed in 25.9% (75/290) of patients. The CR rate and MRD negativity were higher in the M‐protein immune reconstitution group (85.3% vs. 69.3%, p = 0.013, 81.9% vs. 66.5%, p = 0.014). Although there were no significant differences between the groups, the overall median survival time was longer in the M‐protein immune reconstruction group (80 vs. 72 m, p = 0.076; not reached vs. 105 m, p = 0.312). Among patients in the cytogenetic high‐risk group, the occurrence of M‐protein immune reconstitution predicted better PFS and OS (80 vs. 31 m, p = 0.010; not reached vs. 91 m, p = 0.026). Additionally, in revised‐International Staging System stage III patients, PFS and OS were better in those who achieved M‐protein immune reconstitution (80 vs. 20 m, p = 0.025; 57 vs. 32 m, p = 0.103). The better prognosis of M‐protein immune reconstitution patients may be associated with the acquisition of a deeper response. In high‐risk patients, early acquisition of M‐protein immune reconstitution may suggest a better prognosis.
Backfire effects of performance quantification on stress and disidentification: The role of metadehumanization in organizations, sport, and social networks
Authors: Demoulin Stephanie , Stinglhamber Florence 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuantification, that is, the shaping of human environments in numerical terms, is so widespread in contemporary societies that it has contaminated almost all spheres of human life. We explore the links between performance quantification and individuals' feelings of being treated in a dehumanized way, that is, metadehumanization. We present an integrative research that assessed the relationships between performance quantification, metadehumanization, and on two of metadehumanization's consequences, that is, stress and disidentification, in three contexts, that is, organizations, sport, and social networks. In addition, we test the moderating roles of two individual variables, that is, competitiveness and tender‐mindedness, in this model. In three samples (Ns = 204, 300, 297, for Samples A, B, and C, respectively), we show a mediation effect of metadehumanization on the links between performance quantification and stress and disidentification that holds despite of contextual variations. Unexpectedly, our two moderated mediation hypotheses did not hold or showed inconsistent effects across samples.
A review of the evidence that people with learning disabilities experience eye health inequalities: What policies can better ensure an equal right to sight?
Authors: Donaldson Lisa , O'Brien Donna , Karas Marek 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with a learning disability experience challenges accessing primary health care services, including eye care services.MethodsEye care needs of people with a learning disability, and how well they are met by existing services in England, were explored. Barriers and enablers to accessing these services were investigated. This was informed by a scoping review of the literature and a historic literature library.FindingsAdults with a learning disability are 10 times more likely than other adults to have a serious sight problem and children with learning disabilities are 28 times more likely. There is good evidence of high levels of unmet eye care need special schools in England with over 4 in 10 children attending having no history of any eye care.ConclusionThe authors discuss possible systemic changes to address these inequalities in England. These include automatic entitlement to an NHS sight test annually, specialist pathways in community opticians, eye care services in special schools, and peer to peer and peer to professional promotion of services by people with lived experience. Dedicated care pathways have improved uptake of services in other areas of primary care. Research into the effectiveness of lived experience eye health advocacy is needed.
Do sociodemographic and clinical characteristics affect mortality rates in people with intellectual disability and dysphagia who have a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy? A cohort study between 2000 and 2022
Authors: Broad Laura , Wee Christine , Harries Anthony D. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disability frequently have eating, drinking and swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) and are at greater risk of premature mortality, particularly from aspiration and respiratory infections. The insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), as part of a multidisciplinary management plan, may help to maintain and improve nutrition. This study included people with intellectual disability who had ever had a PEG inserted and who presented to the specialist Speech and Language Therapy team in one Greater Manchester borough between 2000 and 2022 and assessed the risk of death and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with this.MethodsThis was a cohort study using secondary data. Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to construct the probability of mortality curves. Cox proportional hazards were used to compare death rates in the different sociodemographic and clinical characteristic groups and were presented as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.FindingsOf 42 people included in the study, 18 (43%) died from the point of PEG insertion to the end of the study (December 2022). The median (interquartile range) time to death from PEG insertion was 5 (2–10) years, with four people (10%) dying in the first year. Aspiration pneumonia and unspecified pneumonia were responsible for seven (39%) deaths. No significant associations were found between sociodemographic and clinical factors and risk of death.ConclusionIn persons with intellectual disability and a PEG who were followed up between 2000 and 2022, the mortality was around 40% with deaths occurring in the first year and respiratory conditions being an important cause. The lack of association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics may have been due to a limited sample size. Further research is needed with larger samples and more variables, including quality of life data, to help understand and improve clinical practice in this area.
Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography could reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lucarini Alessio , Guida Andrea Martina , Orville Marion , Panis Yves 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimSeveral papers have shown that use of indocyanine green (ICG) decreases incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) during colonic surgery, but no clear evidence has been found for rectal cancer surgery. Therefore, with this systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) we aimed to assess if ICG could also reduce risk of AL in rectal cancer surgery.MethodPubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane databases were searched for RCTs assessing the effect of intraoperative ICG on the incidence of AL of the colorectal anastomosis. Pooled relative risk (RR) and pooled risk difference (RD) were obtained using models with random effects. Risk of bias was evaluated with the Rob2 tool and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE Pro tool.ResultsFour RCTs were included for analysis, with a total of 1510 patients (743 controls and 767 ICG patients). The rate of AL was 9% in the ICG group (69/767) and 13.9% (103/743) in the control group (p = 0.003, RR −0.5, 95% CI −0.827 to −0.172, heterogeneity test 0%, p = 0.460). The RD in terms of incidence of AL was significantly decreased by 4.51% (p = 0.031, 95% CI −0.086 to −0.004, heterogeneity test 28%, p = 0.182) when using ICG.ConclusionOur meta‐analysis suggested that use of ICG during rectal cancer surgery could reduce the rate of AL.
Introduction: MoHoA guest editorial
Authors: Denison Edward , Vawda Shahid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis special edition of Curator on Modern Heritage in the Anthropocene draws on the 2nd International MoHoA conference of the same title held from October 26 to 28, 2022, at The Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London (UK), in partnership with the University of Liverpool's School of Architecture. As a global collaborative established in 2020, MoHoA is concerned with decentring the theory and practice of modern heritage and joins the wider global effort to decolonize institutional practices that engage with the research, collection, valorization, or transformation of material culture associated with our collective recent past—from museum curators and creative practitioners to academics, and the built environment professions. Founded on the fact that our precarious present reflects an inequitable past and a perilous future, MoHoA asserts that modern heritage—inextricably bound as it is to Western notions of progress, modernization, and modernity—conceptually, practically, and as artifact, uniquely and disproportionately privileges western, invariably white, experiences and values. Unlike other kinds or classifications of heritage, modern heritage also reflects the existential paradox central to MoHoA whereby the cultural legacies of our recent past are simultaneously of modernity and yet threatened by its consequences. Through its workshops, conferences, publications, and website, MoHoA provides a platform for sharing knowledge, methods, and approaches that challenge the modernist canon and support the construction of new epistemologies centered not on race, color, or ethnicity but on humankind and our self‐inflicted precarious position on this planet. This epistemic and canonical reconfiguration has important implications for museums and heritage practice globally as the reconstitution of modern heritage and its associated modes of knowledge production and registers will direct the composition of collections, lists, and archives away from mythologizing hegemonic Western epistemic traditions, to reflect instead decentred planetary experiences, whether human or non‐human. An important outcome of this collective and restitutive endeavor is the publication of The Cape Town Document on Modern Heritage, an equitable and decentering policy proposal presented to UNESCO and its advisory bodies in 2023.
Juvenile hormone and temperature effects in the postzygotic parental investment of male waterbug Abedus ovatus (Belostomatidae)
Authors: Argaez Víctor , Munguía‐Steyer Roberto 
Published: January 2024

AbstractParental investment is any expenditure of time or energy by parents that increases their offspring survival at the cost of future reproduction. The costs associated with parental investment can be reflected in a deterioration of their physiological condition. In insects, juvenile hormone has been identified as having a role in the control of parental care. However, its effects on parental investment remain unclear for many taxa, especially in species with exclusive paternal care. We evaluated whether juvenile hormone influences postzygotic parental investment in Abedus ovatus, a waterbug with exclusive paternal care. Males provide parental care by carrying eggs on their backs and ventilating them by generating water currents through push‐ups called brood pumping. In an experiment, we applied methoprene (an analog of juvenile hormone) to males at early and late parental care stages and quantified the frequency of brood pumping and the contents of energy reserves (lipids, carbohydrates, and glycogen) at the end of parental care as a measure of physiological condition. We found that methoprene increases the frequency of brood pumping only when the water temperature increases. However, there was no correlation between the parent's energy reserves and methoprene treatments. We found that males who cared for large egg pads had lower amounts of lipids and carbohydrates at the end of parental care, and both effects are greater as the water temperature increases. These results suggest that energy expenditure during parental care is high due to intense muscular activity during brood pumping, which depletes male energy reserves and could affect future reproduction.
Prospective, longitudinal assessment of subchondral bone morphology and pathology using standing, cone‐beam computed tomography in fetlock joints of 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred racehorses in their first year of training
Authors: Ciamillo Sarah A. , Wulster Kathryn B. , Gassert Taryn M. , Richardson Dean W. , Brown Kara A. , Stefanovski Darko , Ortved Kyla F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCatastrophic injuries of the fetlock joints occur in Thoroughbred racehorses and are preceded by stress‐induced bone injury. Early detection of subchondral bone injury is essential to prevent irreversible damage or bone failure.ObjectivesTo investigate the use of standing, robotic cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) for assessing longitudinal changes in subchondral bone morphology and pathology of the fetlock joints associated with race training in young Thoroughbreds.Study designObservational cohort study.MethodsForty‐one 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred racehorses were recruited prior to the start of race training. Standing CBCT and radiographs of all 4 metacarpo‐/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joints were obtained at 0, 6 and 12 months. Hyperdensity, as an estimate of subchondral bone sclerosis, was measured in the distal third metacarpal (MC3)/metatarsal (MT3) bone and proximal phalanx (P1) at each time point on computed tomography. CBCTs were examined for subchondral bone pathology consisting of areas of hypodensity within regions of hyperdensity.ResultsSubchondral bone sclerosis increased significantly over time in the medial and lateral MC3/MT3 condyles and in the medial and lateral parasagittal grooves of MC3/MT3. The presence of subchondral bone pathology increased significantly over time in the medial and lateral palmar condyles of MC3/MT3, the lateral parasagittal groove, the medial dorsal condyle and the medial and lateral ridges of P1.Main limitationsThere was attrition of horses due to relocation, change in ownership, and retirement from racing. Husbandry, training regimens and racing schedules were not controlled for in the study.ConclusionsStanding CBCT is an efficient and effective screening tool for assessing subchondral bone morphology and identifying pathology of the fetlock joint in young Thoroughbred racehorses. CBCT may facilitate early detection of bone pathology allowing for timely intervention and prevention of more serious injuries.
Respiratory oscillometry testing in relation to exercise in healthy and asthmatic Thoroughbreds
Authors: Lo Feudo Chiara Maria , Stucchi Luca , Bizzotto Davide , Dellacà Raffaele , Lavoie Jean‐Pierre , Ferrucci Francesco 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundRacehorses may experience exercise‐induced bronchodilation or bronchoconstriction, with potential differences between healthy and asthmatic individuals.ObjectivesTo identify exercise‐related lung function variations by oscillometry in racehorses, compare lung function between healthy and mild equine asthma (MEA) horses, assess oscillometry's potential as a predictor of racing fitness.Study designProspective case–control clinical study.MethodsFourteen Thoroughbred racehorses (5 healthy, 9 MEA) underwent a protocol including respiratory oscillometry at rest, exercise with fitness monitoring, oscillometry at 15 and 45 min post‐exercise, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf) cytology. Oscillometry parameters (resistance [Rrs] and reactance [Xrs]) were compared within and between healthy and MEA groups at different timepoints. Associations between Rrs and Xrs at rest and 15 min post‐exercise and BALf cytology and fitness indices were evaluated.ResultsMEA horses showed higher Rrs at 15 min post‐exercise (0.6 ± 0.2 cmH2O/L/s) than healthy horses (0.3 ± 0.1 cmH2O/L/s) (p < 0.01). In healthy horses, Rrs decreased at 15 min post‐exercise compared with resting values (0.5 ± 0.1 cmH2O/L/s) (p = 0.04). In MEA horses, oscillometry parameters did not vary with time. Post‐exercise Xrs inversely correlated with total haemosiderin score (p < 0.01, r2 = 0.51). Resting Rrs inversely correlated with speed at 200 bpm (p = 0.03, r2 = −0.61), and Xrs with maximum heart rate (HR) during exercise (p = 0.02, r2 = −0.62). Post‐exercise Rrs inversely correlated with mean (p = 0.04, r2 = −0.60) and maximum speed (p = 0.04, r2 = −0.60), and HR variability (p < 0.01, r2 = −0.74).Main limitationsSmall sample size, oscillometry repeatability not assessed, potential interference of upper airway obstructions, external variables influencing fitness indices.ConclusionsOscillometry identified lung function differences between healthy and MEA horses at 15 min post‐exercise. Only healthy horses exhibited exercise‐induced bronchodilation. Oscillometry showed potential in predicting subclinical airway obstruction.
Probing polypharmacy, ageing and sex effects on physical function using different tests
Authors: Gemikonakli Gizem , Mach John , Tran Trang , Wu Harry , Hilmer Sarah N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAgeing, sex and polypharmacy affect physical function.ObjectivesThis mouse study investigates how ageing, sex and polypharmacy interact and affect grip strength, balance beam and wire hang, correlating and comparing the different test results between and within subgroups.MethodsYoung (2.5 months) and old (21.5 months) C57BL/6 J male and female mice (n = 10–6/group) were assessed for physical function at baseline on grip strength, balance beam and wire hang with three trials of 60 s (WH60s) and one trial of 300 s (WH300s). Mice were randomised to control or diet containing a high Drug Burden Index (DBI, total anticholinergic and sedative drug exposure) polypharmacy regimen (metoprolol, simvastatin, citalopram, oxycodone and oxybutynin at therapeutic oral doses). Following 6–8 weeks of treatment, mice were reassessed.ResultsHigh DBI polypharmacy and control mice both showed age group differences on all tests (p < 0.05). Only control mice showed sex differences, with females outperforming males on the WH60s and balance beam for old mice, WH300s for young mice (p < 0.05). Polypharmacy reduced grip strength in all subgroups (p < 0.05) and only in old females reduced wire hang time and cumulative behaviour and balance beam time and %walked (p < 0.05). Physical function assessments were all correlated with each other, with differences between subgroups (p < 0.05), and mice within subgroups showed interindividual variability in performance.ConclusionAge, sex and polypharmacy have variable effects on different tests, and behavioural measures are useful adjuvants to assessing performance. There was considerable within‐group variability in change in measures over time. These findings can inform design and sample size of future studies.
Carbon sequestration in the subsoil and the time required to stabilize carbon for climate change mitigation
Authors: Sierra Carlos A. , Ahrens Bernhard , Bolinder Martin A. , Braakhekke Maarten C. , von Fromm Sophie , Kätterer Thomas , Luo Zhongkui , Parvin Nargish , Wang Guocheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoils store large quantities of carbon in the subsoil (below 0.2 m depth) that is generally old and believed to be stabilized over centuries to millennia, which suggests that subsoil carbon sequestration (CS) can be used as a strategy for climate change mitigation. In this article, we review the main biophysical processes that contribute to carbon storage in subsoil and the main mathematical models used to represent these processes. Our guiding objective is to review whether a process understanding of soil carbon movement in the vertical profile can help us to assess carbon storage and persistence at timescales relevant for climate change mitigation. Bioturbation, liquid phase transport, belowground carbon inputs, mineral association, and microbial activity are the main processes contributing to the formation of soil carbon profiles, and these processes are represented in models using the diffusion–advection–reaction paradigm. Based on simulation examples and measurements from carbon and radiocarbon profiles across biomes, we found that advective and diffusive transport may only play a secondary role in the formation of soil carbon profiles. The difference between vertical root inputs and decomposition seems to play a primary role in determining the shape of carbon change with depth. Using the transit time of carbon to assess the timescales of carbon storage of new inputs, we show that only small quantities of new carbon inputs travel through the profile and can be stabilized for time horizons longer than 50 years, implying that activities that promote CS in the subsoil must take into consideration the very small quantities that can be stabilized in the long term.
Clinical parameters that affect performance and patient satisfaction of root‐retained overdentures: A systematic review of randomised controlled clinical trials
Authors: Pachiou Aspasia , Karakostas Panagiotis , Roulias Panagiotis , Naka Olga 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical parameters that affect the performance of root‐supported overdentures (ROD) and to identify the possible factors that may affect it.BackgroundROD still serve as an alternative and successful treatment plan nowadays for partially edentulous patients. Nonetheless, there is not yet conclusive evidence about their clinical evaluation.Materials and MethodsA search strategy was developed following a PIO (Population, Intervention, Outcome) framework including an electronic search in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus. The systematic search included only randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs), published until January 2023 in English language and was performed by two independent reviewers. Quality assessment of the included studies was conducted according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.ResultsThe final selection of studies included 11 RCTs. Clinically relevant variables derived from this search were: Complications, with caries being the most frequently reported, periodontal aspects and bone changes around abutment teeth. Additionally, methods and clinical suggestions for the maintenance of these restorations and patient‐related outcomes were assessed. According to the risk of bias assessment, nine studies were considered of high risk, whereas only 2 of low risk. A meta‐analysis was not feasible.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this systematic review, ROD remain a viable treatment plan, offering better denture stability and bone preservation around abutment teeth and high patient satisfaction. Thorough oral hygiene and regular follow‐ups are of utmost importance. Further well‐designed RCTs are necessary for firmer conclusions.