bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stimulation of lung growth in fetuses with lung hypoplasia leads to altered postnatal lung structure in sheep
Authors: Davey M.G. , Hooper S.B. , Cock M.L. , Harding R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIncreased lung expansion in the fetus stimulates lung growth and is being trialed clinically to reverse severe fetal lung hypoplasia. Our aim was to examine the effects of increased fetal lung expansion in the presence of lung hypoplasia on lung structure in sheep at term and 8 weeks after birth. Lung hypoplasia was induced in 15 fetal sheep by continuous drainage of tracheal fluid, commencing at ∼113 days of gestation (term, ∼148 days). In 10 of these fetuses, tracheal obstruction (TO) was performed from 137–147 days of gestation (treated lung hypoplasia, TLH), while lung liquid drainage continued until term in the remaining 5 fetuses (untreated lung hypoplasia, ULH). Lung tissues were obtained from 5 TLH, 5 ULH, and 5 control lambs at birth, and from 5 TLH and 5 control lambs at 8 weeks after birth.At birth, alveolar number, surface area, and interalveolar wall thickness were not different between TLH and control lambs, whereas airspace diameter was greater in TLH lambs (72.7 ± 3.0 μm) than in controls (58.4 ± 4.3 μm). Diameters of airspaces were not different between ULH and control lambs; however, alveolar numbers and surface area were reduced, while interalveolar wall thickness was increased in ULH lambs compared to controls. At 8 weeks after birth, alveolar number (928.0 ± 66.1 × 106) and surface area (30.3 ± 2.2 m2) in TLH lambs were lower, whereas interalveolar wall thickness (83.0 ± 3.1μm) was greater than in control lambs (2,263.6 ± 261.6 × 106, 46.7 ± 4.8 m2, and 68.6 ± 2.1 μm, respectively).Our data show that TO restores most aspects of lung structure to normal in fetuses with lung hypoplasia but leads to altered alveolar development. The presence of fewer, larger alveoli in postnatal TLH animals may predispose these animals to respiratory complications during later life. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001; 32:267–276. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acceleration of lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis afterPseudomonas aeruginosaacquisition
Authors: Kosorok Michael R. , Zeng Lan , West Susan E.H. , Rock Michael J. , Splaingard Mark L. , Laxova Anita , Green Christopher G. , Collins Jannette , Farrell Philip M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs part of the ongoing Wisconsin Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Neonatal Screening Project, we had the unique opportunity to study the longitudinal relationship betweenPseudomonas aeruginosa(Pa) acquisition and infection and developing lung disease in children with CF. The primary objective was to determine whether acquisition ofPawas associated with a measurable change in the progression of lung disease. Two outcome measures were used to study 56 patients who were diagnosed through newborn screening: 1) Wisconsin additive chest radiograph score (WCXR), based on the average of scores from a pulmonologist and a radiologist, and 2) the highest forced expired volume in 1 sec (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio. We used two measures ofPaacquisition: 1) time of first positive protocol‐determined oropharyngeal (with cough) culture, and 2) the magnitude of antibody titer detected by ELISA assays, using as antigen a crude cell lysate, purified exotoxin A, or an elastase toxoid prepared from threePastrains. Other predictor variables included age, pancreatic status, height‐for age, and weight‐for‐age‐percentiles.The best regression model for predicting changes in the WCXR included time to first positive culture and antibody titer forPaelastase. Prior toPaacquisition, WCXR worsened by 0.45 points/year (P > 0.25); afterPaacquisition, the rate of worsening increased significantly (P < 0.001) to 1.40 points/year. Each antibody titer level (log base 2) increased the score by 0.48 points (P < 0.001). The best regression model for predicting change in the FEV1/FVC included only time to first positive culture. Prior toPaacquisition, the FEV1/FVC ratio declined by 1.29%/year; afterPainfection, the rate of decrease significantly accelerated to 1.81%/year (P = 0.001).Our data show thatPaacquisition is associated with declining pulmonary status in children with CF, and that this effect is probably gradual rather than precipitous. Because these patients were diagnosed and treated aggressively, our estimates of the effects ofPaacquisition may be conservative. We also conclude that the WCXR appears to be more sensitive than FEV1/FVC in detecting early changes in lung disease associated with CF. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001; 32:277–287. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Orthogonal determinants of $${\textrm{SL}\,}_3(q)$$ and $${\textrm{SU}\,}_3(q)$$
Authors: Hoyer Linda , Nebe Gabriele 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe give a full list of the orthogonal determinants of the even degree indicator ‘+’ ordinary irreducible characters of$$\textrm{SL}_3(q)$$SL3(q)and$$\textrm{SU}_3(q)$$SU3(q).
A short note on coproducts of Abelian pro-Lie groups
Authors: Herfort Wolfgang , Hofmann Karl H. , Russo Francesco G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe notion of conditional coproduct of a family of abelian pro-Lie groups in the category of abelian pro-Lie groups is introduced. It is shown that the cartesian product of an arbitrary family of abelian pro-Lie groups can be characterized by the universal property of the conditional coproduct.
Prognostic value of flow-status in severe aortic stenosis patients undergoing percutaneous intervention
Authors: Santos-Ferreira Diogo , Fernandes Isabel , Diaz Sílvia O. , Guerreiro Cláudio , Saraiva Francisca , Barros António S. , Leite-Moreira Adelino , Pereira Eulália , Sampaio Francisco , Ribeiro José , Braga Pedro , Fontes-Carvalho Ricardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Low-flow status is a mortality predictor in severe aortic stenosis (SAS) patients, including after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) treatment. However, the best parameter to assess flow is unknown. Recent studies suggest that transaortic flow rate (FR) is superior to currently used stroke volume index (SVi) in defining low-flow states. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of FR and SVi in patients undergoing TAVI.

Methods
A single-centre retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients treated with TAVI for SAS between 2011 and 2019 was conducted. Low-FR was defined as < 200 mL/s and low-SVi as < 35 mL/m2. Primary endpoint was all-cause five-year mortality, analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models. Secondary endpoint was variation of NYHA functional class six months after procedure. Patients were further stratified according to ejection fraction (EF < 50%).

Results
Of 489 cases, 59.5% were low-FR, and 43.1% low-SVi. Low-flow patients had superior surgical risk, worse renal function, and had a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease. Low-FR was associated with mortality (hazard ratio 1.36, p = 0.041), but not after adjustment to EuroSCORE II. Normal-SVi was not associated with survival, despite a significative p-trend for its continuous value. No associations were found for flow-status and NYHA recovery. When stratifying according to preserved and reduced EF, both FR and SVi did not predict all-cause mortality.

Conclusion
In patients with SAS undergoing TAVI, a low-FR state was associated with higher mortality, as well as SVi, but not at a 35 mL/m2 cut off.
Three-membered ring formation catalyzed by α-ketoglutarate-dependent nonheme iron enzymes
Authors: Ushimaru Richiro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEpoxides, aziridines, and cyclopropanes are found in various medicinal natural products, including polyketides, terpenes, peptides, and alkaloids. Many classes of biosynthetic enzymes are involved in constructing these ring structures during their biosynthesis. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding how α-ketoglutarate-dependent nonheme iron enzymes catalyze the formation of epoxides, aziridines, and cyclopropanes in nature, with a focus on enzyme mechanisms.
IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G
Authors: Jing Rui , Bai Shukun , Zhang Peipei , Ren Hao , Jia Lintao , Li Weimiao , Zheng Guoxu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis. As an essential enzyme in the tryptophan–kynurenine metabolic pathway, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) has been reported to facilitate immune escape of various tumors. However, the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive role of IDO-1 in TNBC remains largely uncharacterized.

Methods
We examined the IDO-1 expression in 93 clinical TNBC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues, and analyzed the regulation role of environmental cytokines like IFN-γ in IDO-1 expression. The effect of IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells on the function of NK cells were then evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were exploited.

Results
IDO-1 expressed in 50 of 93 (54.1%) TNBC patients. TNBC patients with high IDO-1 expression tended to have more infiltrated immune cells including NK cells, which are less active than patients with low IDO-1 expression. NK cells could produce IFN-γ, which induced IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells, whereas IDO-1 impaired the cytotoxicity of co-cultured NK cells by upregulation of HLA-G. Blockade of HLA-G improved the antitumor activity of NK cells to TNBC in vivo.

Conclusion
TNBC cells induce dysfunction of NK cells through an IFN-γ/IDO-1/HLA-G pathway, which provide novel insights into the mechanisms of TNBC progression and demonstrate the applicability of IDO-1 and HLA-G targeting in the treatment of TNBC.
A comprehensive analysis of SLC25A1 expression and its oncogenic role in pan-cancer
Authors: You Xin , Huang Lingling , Huang Ouxiang , Deng Yujie , Shi Xi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
The solute carrier family 25 member 1 (SLC25A1) is currently the only known human transporter for citrate in the mitochondrial membrane. However, its role in cancer development remains to be elucidated. We aim to analyze the expression profile, prognostic value, potential immunological significance, and effect on tumor growth of SLC25A1 at a pan-cancer level.

Methods
Herein, the role of SLC25A1 in tumorigenesis and progression was investigated based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), GeneMANIA, STRING and Cancer Dependency Map Project (DepMap) database via online websites or the R software. The protein expression levels were validated in tissue microarrays, and the effects on tumor cell lines were accessed through MTS and colony formation assays.

Results
The expression of SLC25A1 increased in most cancers, and the upregulation of SLC25A1 in colon adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, SLC25A1 was linked to clinical outcomes across multiple tumor types, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma, where its high expression predicted poor prognosis. Moreover, SLC25A1 was positively associated with MSI, TMB, and CD276 and tightly correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Furthermore, the knockout of SLC25A1 demonstrated inhibitory effects in most cancer cell lines in the DepMap project. Cellular experiments showed that SLC25A1 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest the potential of SLC25A1 as a prognostic biomarker for cancers and a therapeutic target for precise antitumor strategy and cancer immunotherapy.
Sedimentary abundance and major determinants of river microplastic contamination in the central arid part of Iran
Authors: Behmanesh Mokarrameh , Chamani Atefeh , Chavoshi Elham 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe proliferation of anthropogenic activities around the Central Iranian Rivers shows a warning alarm of river microplastic (MP) pollution. In the Zayandeh-rood River, the mean abundance of sedimentary MPs trapped at the mouth of 21 modified sub-catchments was 588 items/kg d.w and followed the order: downstream (1701 items/kg d.w) > midstream (269.2 items/kg d.w) > upstream (57.2 items/kg d.w). The widespread distribution of fiber and fragment forms across all stations and the high MP abundance near the discharge of the largest wastewater treatment plant indicate their origin from both point and non-point sources. Using the linear multiple linear regression (MLR) and nonlinear artificial neural network (ANN), we assessed the contribution of three types of variables including the sediment physio-chemical properties, river geometry and land-use characteristics. According to both modeling results, the mean annual number of local people and tourist visitors (0.35 million people) are the most important determinants of river MP pollution whose contribution dominates through the use of plastic products and their direct and indirect release into the environment. The ANN model (R2 = 0.99) outperformed the MLR model (R2 = 0.80) and showed the importance of total organic carbon (TOC)-rich regions as MP hotspots. To alleviate the river MP pollution, suggested measures involve altering plastic usage and disposal practices among visitors and reducing the TOC content in the industrial/municipal wastewater entering the river.
Coupling of Adhesion and Anti-Freezing Properties in Hydrogel Electrolytes for Low-Temperature Aqueous-Based Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Nan Jingya , Sun Yue , Yang Fusheng , Zhang Yijing , Li Yuxi , Wang Zihao , Wang Chuchu , Wang Dingkun , Chu Fuxiang , Wang Chunpeng , Zhu Tianyu , Jiang Jianchun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSolid-state zinc-ion capacitors are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to improved safety, mechanical and thermal stability and easy-to-direct stacking. Hydrogel electrolytes are appealing solid-state electrolytes because of eco-friendliness, high conductivity and intrinsic flexibility. However, the electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact and anti-freezing properties of current hydrogel electrolytes are still challenging for practical applications of zinc-ion capacitors. Here, we report a class of hydrogel electrolytes that couple high interfacial adhesion and anti-freezing performance. The synergy of tough hydrogel matrix and chemical anchorage enables a well-adhered interface between hydrogel electrolyte and electrode. Meanwhile, the cooperative solvation of ZnCl2 and LiCl hybrid salts renders the hydrogel electrolyte high ionic conductivity and mechanical elasticity simultaneously at low temperatures. More significantly, the Zn||carbon nanotubes hybrid capacitor based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits low-temperature capacitive performance, delivering high-energy density of 39 Wh kg−1 at −60 °C with capacity retention of 98.7% over 10,000 cycles. With the benefits of the well-adhered electrolyte/electrode interface and the anti-freezing hydrogel electrolyte, the Zn/Li hybrid capacitor is able to accommodate dynamic deformations and function well under 1000 tension cycles even at −60 °C. This work provides a powerful strategy for enabling stable operation of low-temperature zinc-ion capacitors.
Ndiku Mutua, et al. v The Foreign and Commonwealth Office
Authors: Gulecha Anmol 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2009 five Kenyans filed a tort action seeking damages against the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (the FCO), a department of the United Kingdom (the UK), for abuse suffered in Kenyan detention camps during the colonial period. While the FCO denied liability, the claimants produced historical evidence from three academic historians to dispute the FCO’s stand. With both sides unable to agree on the FCO’s liability, the Court, as a non-expert in historical research, was called to pass judgment. In light of this contested liability, this case note shows that when historians, who are ‘experts’ in their field, present evidence to the Court, the latter is better equipped to understand the liability of the FCO, and by extension the UK Government, for colonial-era crimes.
Integrating the gender dimension to disclose the degree of businesses’ articulation of innovation
Authors: di Tollo Giacomo , Andria Joseph , Tanev Stoyan , Ghilardi Sara 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this contribution, we examine the relationship between the presence of women in companies’ Boards and innovation communication claims: we propose a framework to quantitatively assess the presence of women and the online articulation of innovation, in order to understand whether some correlations hold between these two variables. We also introduce a neural network approach to predict the innovation metric that uses, amongst the predictors, the gender component, and we compare it with a linear regression analysis. Results indicate that neural networks may be used to predict the articulation of innovation by using a predictor set that includes the gender component of the Board of Directors, and also that the use of the gender metric improves previous predictions about the articulation of innovation model’s output.
Reactive response to predation risk affects foraging time of hares, yet not their phosphorus intake
Authors: Brandsen Samara , Vermorken Louise S. , Kuipers Henry J. , van Wieren Sip E. , de Jonge Inger K. , Weterings Martijn J. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntipredator responses could affect nutrient intake, which could lead to nutritional deficits. However, little is known about the antipredator response of small herbivores because most are nocturnal or crepuscular and therefore very difficult to study in the field. Therefore, we experimentally assessed the effect of a reactive response to predation risk on the nutrient (i.e., phosphorous) intake of the European hare (Lepus europaeus) using three different playback sounds. Additionally, we studied the time spent being costly vigilant, the time spent foraging, and the vegetation height in which the hares were present using accelerometers and GPS. Our results showed that elevated predation risk from our playback experiment did not affect the (1) phosphorus intake, (2) time spent being costly vigilant, and (3) time spent in tall vegetation. However, elevated predation risk did increase the time spent foraging. Possibly hares spent more time foraging with an increased predation risk because hares cannot seek refuge from predators. Additionally, the effect on phosphorus intake could be weak because phosphorous intake does not benefit a flight escape, while the reactive response acts late in the predation sequence limiting the effect on hare ecology. Prey anti-predator responses seem strongly related to the escape tactics of prey species that can differ between different habitats and the time of the day. More detailed field studies are necessary to get a better insight into species’ anti-predator-food tactics.
PEEK Interference Screws Show Significant Tunnel Enlargement After ACL Reconstruction and is Comparable to Adjustable-Length Loop Cortical Button Fixation
Authors: Coppola Christian , Krost Sandra , Runer Armin , Raas Christoph , Glodny Bernhard , Mayr Raul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
It is unclear whether the use of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) interference screws for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction leads to postoperative tunnel enlargement. Femoral tunnel enlargement was further compared with adjustable-length loop cortical fixation.

Methods
Eighteen patients with ACL reconstruction using hamstring grafts were retrospectively divided into two groups. Eleven patients were treated with the ACL reconstruction technique using a PEEK interference screw for femoral graft fixation. Seven patients received adjustable-length loop cortical buttons for femoral fixation. Tibial ACL graft fixation was performed using PEEK interference screws. Tunnel volume changes were assessed using computed tomography (CT) scans performed after surgery (100%) and after 1 year. The maximal tunnel diameter was measured.

Results
The group with femoral screw fixation showed a mean tunnel volume change of 108.15 ± 13.7% on the tibial side and 124.07 ± 25.38% on the femoral side. The group with femoral button fixation showed a tunnel volume change of 111.12 ± 12.72% on the tibial side and 130.96 ± 21.71% on the femoral side. The differences in femoral tunnel volume changes were not significant (P = 0.562). Femoral tunnels with PEEK screw fixation showed significantly larger diameter after 12 months in comparison with button fixation (13.02 ± 1.43 mm vs. 10.46 ± 1.29 mm, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
PEEK interference screws were associated with significant tibial and femoral tunnel enlargement. Femoral tunnel enlargement was comparable between PEEK interference screws and button fixation. Final femoral tunnel diameter was significantly larger with PEEK screw fixation in comparison to button fixation.
Internet of things (IoT)-based on real-time and remote boiler fuel monitoring system: a case of Raha Beverages Company Limited, Arusha-Tanzania
Authors: Ntambara Boniface , Nyambo Devotha G. , Solsbach Andreas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRAHA Beverages Company (RABEC) is one of the banana wine production companies that utilizes fuel in steam production in Arusha-Tanzania, where fuel data conditions such as temperature, pressure, discharge, fuel level, and gas leakage with humidity were a challenge to monitor, which provoked boiler malfunction and plant breakdown. Today, RABEC manually uses a dropping stick into the fuel tank to monitor fuel data conditions which is time-consuming and gives inaccurate readings, inefficiency, fuel economy discrepancy, and accidents. This study aimed to design and develop an IoT-based fuel monitoring system. The flow meter, ultrasonic level, thermistor fuel temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors were used to gather fuel information where the GSM module was employed to send fuel data messages to the operator’s phone. An AT mega 328 microcontroller was used to process and analyse the fuel data and send them to the Thing Speak IoT platform using Wi-Fi connectivity. The results showed that when the fuel level was less than the threshold value, an operator was alerted by a refilling message via GSM technology. A pressure of 0.1psi, a fuel temperature of 120 ℃, and 80% of humidity, the system notifies the operator by an alert message to check the injector pressure and if the fuel–air mixture is perfect. In addition, these data were observed on the LCD and ThingSpeak webpage. To conclude, the developed system proved the best performance with a 99.98% of success rate with high accuracy, security, and efficiency rate compared to the current monitoring system.
Direct imaging of electron density with a scanning transmission electron microscope
Authors: Dyck Ondrej , Almutlaq Jawaher , Lingerfelt David , Swett Jacob L. , Oxley Mark P. , Huang Bevin , Lupini Andrew R. , Englund Dirk , Jesse Stephen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRecent studies of secondary electron (SE) emission in scanning transmission electron microscopes suggest that material’s properties such as electrical conductivity, connectivity, and work function can be probed with atomic scale resolution using a technique known as secondary electron e-beam-induced current (SEEBIC). Here, we apply the SEEBIC imaging technique to a stacked 2D heterostructure device to reveal the spatially resolved electron density of an encapsulated WSe2 layer. We find that the double Se lattice site shows higher emission than the W site, which is at odds with first-principles modelling of valence ionization of an isolated WSe2 cluster. These results illustrate that atomic level SEEBIC contrast within a single material is possible and that an enhanced understanding of atomic scale SE emission is required to account for the observed contrast. In turn, this suggests that, in the future, subtle information about interlayer bonding and the effect on electron orbitals could be directly revealed with this technique.