bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of multispecies pheromone lures for Carpophilus davidsoni Dobson and Carpophilus mutilatus Erichson (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
Authors: James David G , Vogele Beverley , Faulder Richard J , Moore Christopher J 
Published: March 2003

AbstractOrchard experiments were conducted in southern New South Wales to evaluate the efficacy of multispecies pheromone lures in trapping two economically important species of Carpophilus. Captures of Carpophilus davidsoni Dobson and Carpophilus mutilatus Erichson in traps baited with aggregation pheromones of both species or a three‐way lure that also included the pheromone of Carpophilus hemipterus (L.) were not significantly different from captures in traps baited with conspecific pheromones. Carpophilus davidsoni and C. mutilatus were cross‐attracted to traps baited with the pheromone of the other species, but numbers were significantly reduced compared with traps baited with conspecific or heterospecific pheromones. Multispecies lures will improve prospects for the commercial use of synthetic aggregation pheromones in Carpophilus beetle management in stone‐fruit orchards.
Potential insecticides for control of Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae), a new threat to Australian horticulture
Authors: Herron Grant A , Rophail Jeanette 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) is a new pest in Australian horticulture, but no chemical‐control data have been gathered in Australia. As a first step to generating control data, a strain of O. ilicis was challenged under laboratory conditions by using a range of registered pesticides that are used in Australia against the two‐spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) and also CGA 140408 (the light‐activated carbodiimide derivative of diafenthiuron). At a dose that would be expected to control T. urticae, O. ilicis was killed by aldicarb, bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos, CGA 140408, dicofol, omethoate, propargite, tau‐fluvalinate and tebufenpyrad. The implications of these data on the field control of O. ilicis are discussed.
Description and distribution of a new species of Nousia Navás (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Finlay Kyla J 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Nousia wiltkorringae sp. n. is described as a new species of the genus Nousia (subgenus Australonousia) from south‐eastern Australia. It is commonly found in macroinvertebrate surveys. Nymphs and adults were associated by rearing. The distribution of the species is recorded along with notes on the apparent habitat requirements.
Effect of food on longevity of adults of Trichogramma carverae Oatman and Pinto and Trichogramma nr brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Gurr Geoffrey M , Nicol Helen I 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Trichogramma spp. are among the most widely used biological control agents against lepidopteran pests. Several species are known to benefit from adult foods, especially plant nectar, but no information has been available on the requirements of Trichogramma carverae Oatman and Pinto, a newly commercialised species, or Trichogramma nr brassicae Bezdenko. In a laboratory test, adults of T. carverae in vials without food eclosed from host eggs and all died within 7 days. In vials with honey, live adults were evident for 11 days. Significantly more live adults were present in vials with honey for days 3–5 after first emergence (P < 0.05). A quadratic model accounted for 28.6% of the temporal variance in data and showed that the rate of increase in numbers of wasps per vial was significantly greater in the fed treatment (P = 0.006). For T. nr brassicae, adults in the unfed vials died within 6 days of eclosing, while those in the honey‐provisioned vials were living up to 13 days from eclosion. Significantly more live adults were present in vials with honey for days 4–7 from first emergence (P < 0.05). The model that accounted for the most variation was a spline model with four knot points, accounting for 42.6% of variation, however, there was no significant effect of food treatment on the rate of increase in wasp numbers in this model. Results are discussed in relation to the use of habitat manipulation to enhance parasitoid effectiveness in biological control.
Inquilines or kleptoparasites? New phlaeothripine Thysanoptera associated with domicile‐building thrips on Acacia trees
Authors: Mound Laurence A , Morris David C 
Published: March 2003

AbstractFive new species of phlaeothripine Thysanoptera are described in three new genera. These thrips all live in association with other, as yet undescribed, phlaeothripine species that construct, and breed within, domiciles on the phyllodes of Acacia trees in the arid areas of Australia. The new species all have particularly unusual structures at the anterior end of the body. Crespithrips enigmaticus gen. et sp. n. and Crespithrips hesperus sp. n. both have the inner margin of antennal segment I produced into a long bifurcate tooth and the median antennal segments bear an unusual array of supernumerary small sense cones. Crespithrips enigmaticus has been found breeding within domiciles comprising pairs of glued phyllodes. These domiciles were produced on different species of Acacia by two undescribed species of an undescribed genus related to Dunatothrips Moulton. Schwarzithrips zammit gen. et sp. n. and Schwarzithrips glyphis sp. n. have the external margin of antennal segment II produced into a narrow blade, but have antennal sensoria typical of other phlaeothripines of the Liothrips‐lineage. These species have been taken within tent‐like domiciles that are woven on the flat phyllodes of Acacia catenulata and a related species, by two undescribed species of Dunatothrips. The species pairs in these two new genera have vicariant distributions between central and western Australia. Vicinothrips bullatus gen. et sp. n. is based on a single unusual specimen from Queensland with antennal segment II uniquely swollen and rounded.
Survival and development of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaves
Authors: Ma* De‐Ling , Gordh Gordon , Zalucki Myron P 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe survival, development and feeding responses of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaflets were evaluated under choice and no‐choice conditions. Neem leaflets provided to starving fourth‐instar larvae were chewed, but larvae expectorated most of the material. The weight of surviving larvae decreased and no fourth instars completed development on neem leaflets alone. Larvae resumed feeding when transferred to cotton leaves after 5 days of feeding on neem leaflets. Fourth instars strongly discriminated between neem leaflets and cotton leaves when offered a choice. Early sixth instars decreased in weight and had delayed development when fed only on neem leaflets. More than one‐half lived for more than 2 weeks and some completed development to adults. Neem is an unacceptable non‐host plant species for H. armigera.
Influence of the odour of fruit, yeast and cue‐lure on the flight activity of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Dalby‐Ball Geraldene , Meats* Alan 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCertain volatile substances increased the frequency of flights by Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) in laboratory arenas with artificial foliage, irrespective of the presence or absence of a visual cue (red fruit model). The odour of guava and iso‐amyl acetate, but not nerol, increased the flight frequency of mature females. The odour of yeast autolysate had a similar effect on immature females (previously starved of the substance), but had no effect on mature females (previously fed on it). The flight activity of mature males increased in the presence of the odour of cue‐lure. Ten per cent of flies landed on a red model within 7.5 min when in the presence of an odour, whereas only 1.7% did so when there was no odour. No flies landed on transparent models regardless of the presence or absence of odour.
Monsoonal tropical Tanytarsus van der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) reviewed: New species, life histories and significance as aquatic environmental indicators
Authors: Cranston Peter S 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe immature stages of the cosmopolitan chironomid midge genus Tanytarsus van der Wulp can dominate tropical running waters. Studies in the Alligator Rivers Region of the Northern Territory, Australia have revealed a plethora of species, some of which show differential responses to disturbance, including mine drainage. These taxa in their immature stages have been referred to previously by codes. Here Tanytarsus gulungul, Tanytarsus hardwicki, Tanytarsus micksmithi, Tanytarsus dostinei, Tanytarsus rosario, Tanytarsus humphreyi and Tanytarsus reidi are described as new from larvae, pupae and adult males, Tanytarsus wendylee as new based on pupae and adult males, and Tanytarsus bispinosus Freeman and Tanytarsus richardsi Glover redescribed in all stages. Five species‐level taxa for which the adults are unknown are described but not formally named, although the identity of one with Tanytarsus manlyensis Glover and another with Tanytarsus dycei Glover is suggested. A diagnostic matrix is provided for larvae and dichotomous keys for pupae and adult males. Some distributional and environmental responses are described and comments provided on species groupings, including a review of the genus Virgatanytarsus Pinder.
Identification of the immature instars of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) found on citrus in Australia
Authors: Gullan Penny J 
Published: March 2003

AbstractAn identification guide is provided to most of the immature stages of six mealybug species (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) that might be collected from citrus (Rutaceae) in Australia. This information is important for foreign quarantine inspections because mealybugs intercepted on Australian citrus exports are often nymphs. A key and a table, based on microscopic features, allow separation of the first‐, second‐ and third‐instar nymphs and identification to species for second‐ and third‐instar females. Selected diagnostic features of second‐instar females are illustrated. Second‐instar male nymphs also can be identified as they resemble the second‐instar females of their species except for the possession of dorsal ducts that secrete the wax of the male cocoon. Immatures stages are diagnosed for the pink hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), the spherical mealybug Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso), the citrophilous mealybug Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell), the longtailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), and the tuber mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) [formerly Pseudococcus affinis (Maskell)].
Establishment in Australia of Trichopoda giacomellii (Blanchard) (Diptera: Tachinidae), a biological control agent for Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Coombs* Marc , Sands Don Pa 
Published: March 2003

AbstractReleases of Trichopoda giacomellii (Blanchard) for biological control of Nezara viridula (L.) took place at sites in western New South Wales and south‐eastern Queensland between 1996 and 1999. Trichopoda giacomellii became established near Moree in north‐western New South Wales, whereas establishment at sites near Brisbane has not been confirmed. Releases of adult T. giacomellii and of parasitised N. viridula were made either directly onto host plants (1996 and 1997) or following temporary confinement in a field cage (1998 and 1999). Parasitism of N. viridula adults by T. giacomellii ranged from 9 to 72% between January 1999 and February 2000, and was 42% of adults during diapause. The methods employed to establish T. giacomellii in this study are compared with other attempts to establish Trichopoda spp. elsewhere in the world. Release methodologies that limit immediate dispersal of the agent and/or their progeny are recommended for establishing Trichopoda spp.
The introduced English wasp Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) newly recorded invading native forests in Tasmania
Authors: Matthews Robert W , Goodisman Michael Ad , Austin Andrew D , Bashford Richard 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe social wasp Vespula vulgaris (L.), an introduced species that has caused extreme ecological damage in New Zealand, is reported from southern Tasmanian forests for the first time. In mainland Australia, this wasp has been present in the Melbourne area since 1958 and our retrospective analysis places it in Hobart since 1995. In the present paper, we document V. vulgaris in natural areas in southern Tasmania, well away from human habitation. Malaise trap samples collected since 1997 from nine sites at the Warra Long‐term Ecological Research area in southern Tasmania revealed the widespread presence of both V. vulgaris and V. germanica (F.), another introduced species of concern. Analysis of microsatellite DNA markers showed no evidence of hybridisation between the two species. The potential impact of this newest social insect threat to Australian native biota is discussed.
Additions and corrections toMites of Australia:A Checklist and Bibliography
Authors: Halliday RB 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSome corrections and additions to the recently publishedMites of Australia: A Checklist and Bibliographyare briefly summarised. The most important name changes are in the spider mite family Tetranychidae. The species previously identified in Australia asAllonychus braziliensis(McGregor) is shown to beTetranychus gloveriBanks.Bryobia cristata(Dugès) is a junior synonym ofBryobia graminum(Schrank).Bryobia repensiManson is a junior synonym ofBryobia vasiljeviRekk.Oligonychus biharensis(Hirst) has been recorded from Queensland andOligonychus punicae(Hirst) andSchizotetranychus asparagi(Oudemans) are now believed to occur in Australia on the basis of unconfirmed records.
Assessment of Pristhesancus plagipennis (Walker) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) as an augmented biological control in cotton and soybean crops
Authors: Grundy Paul , Maelzer Derek 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThird‐instar nymphs of the Australian assassin bug, Pristhesancus plagipennis (Walker) were released into cotton and soybean plots at a number of release densities to test their biological control potential. The number of Helicoverpa spp. larvae in cotton was reduced with the release of three or more P. plagipennis nymphs per m crop row. In the soybeans, populations of green mirids, Creontiades dilutus (Stål), and looper caterpillars, Chrysodeixis spp., were significantly reduced when P. plagipennis were released at 2 nymphs per m crop row. The potential yield of cotton (but not soybean) was increased in the plots to which P. plagipennis were added. The data suggest that P. plagipennis has the capacity to be an effective biological control agent of soybean and cotton insect pests when released inundatively.
Foraging and vein‐cutting behaviour of Euploea core corinna (W. S. Macleay) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) caterpillars feeding on latex‐bearing leaves
Authors: Clarke Anthony R , Zalucki Myron P 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCaterpillars of Euploea core corinna (W. S. Macleay) sever leaf veins prior to feeding on their latex‐bearing host plants, which restricts the flow of latex at feeding sites. The severing of leaf veins by insects feeding on latex‐bearing plants is commonly referred to as ‘sabotaging’ and is thought to be an evolved response by the insect to counter the negative effects of feeding on latex‐rich leaves. Sabotaging behaviour is described for all instars of E. core corinna, with particular attention given to neonates. Vein cutting by neonate E. core corinna caterpillars can occur within 2 h of hatching, with most caterpillars establishing feeding sites within 10 h. Commonly, first instars cut an arc‐shaped row of leaf side‐veins parallel to the leaf margin, but they may also cut the leaf mid‐rib in a fashion similar to older instar larvae. From a sample of 50 E. core corinna larvae, representing all instars, we found that the diameters of the veins cut by caterpillars are closely correlated to larval head width (r = 0.90). Through manipulative experiments, we demonstrate for the first time that sabotaging behaviour in neonate caterpillars imposes no detectable short‐term physiological costs on those caterpillars.
Descriptions of three species of Eretmocerus Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitising Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Australia based on morphological and molecular data
Authors: De Barro Paul J , Driver Felice , Naumann Ian D , Schmidt Stefan , Clarke Geoffrey M , Curran John 
Published: March 2003

AbstractMorphological and molecular systematic investigations have confirmed the existence in Australia of three species of Eretmocerus Haldeman that parasitise either the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), or the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood). Two of the species Eretmocerus warrae sp. n. and Eretmocerus queenslandensis sp. n. are described. A third species is very similar to Eretmocerus mundus Mercet at both the morphological and molecular levels. However, Australian populations of E. mundus are distinct from those found elsewhere in being thelytokous, suggesting that the Australian populations are a distinct biotype; we refer to these Australian populations as E. mundus (Australian parthenogenetic form; APF) to reflect this distinction. The four gene regions investigated, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II, the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and the domain 2 and 3 expansion segments of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene gave separation of the species consistent with our morphological data. Studies of COII, ITS1, ITS2 and D3 indicate that these three species do not vary geographically within Australia. Field collections and laboratory studies confirm that E. queenslandensis and E. mundus (APF) parasitise only B. tabaci, while E. warrae parasitises only T. vaporariorum. Eretmocerus warrae was found across the southern half of Australia, E. mundus (APF) from northern New South Wales to northern Queensland, and E. queenslandensis in northern Queensland. The molecular data indicate that E. queenslandensis is conspecific with an undescribed Eretmocerus species from Hong Kong.
Nesting and life cycle of the Australian green carpenter bees Xylocopa (Lestis) aeratus Smith and Xylocopa (Lestis) bombylans (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae)
Authors: Steen Zeta , Schwarz Michael P 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper expands on previous observations of Australian green carpenter bees by providing information about nesting substrates and the life cycle of Xylocopa (Lestis) aeratus and Xylocopa (Lestis) bombylans from more than 450 colonies from South Australia and New South Wales. Voltinism differs between the two species, but does not appear to vary within species from different locations, such as X. aeratus colonies on Kangaroo Island, South Australia and at Woy Woy, New South Wales. The architecture of nests (unbranched or branched) is related to the substrate diameter and may allow variation in social behaviour because different provisioning strategies can be used in the two nest types. Both species have some multifemale colonies for most of the year and this includes the brood‐rearing period. Differences in voltinism, nest type and the occurrence of multifemale colonies during brood production are likely to lead to variation in social organisation within and between species.
Insecticide resistance in Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a serious threat to Australian cotton
Authors: Herron Grant A , Powis Kevin , Rophail Jeanette 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPopulations of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, were surveyed for insecticide resistance. Pirimicarb, organophosphate, endosulfan and pyrethroid resistance was identified. Aphis gossypii from New South Wales cotton‐growing districts were organophosphate and pirimicarb susceptible, whereas populations from similar districts in Western Australia, Queensland and Northern Territory displayed high to extreme resistance that was linked to control failure. New South Wales populations, however, were often endosulfan and pyrethroid resistant. Resistant A. gossypii have the potential to seriously impact on the Australian cotton industry and their resistance management is now incorporated into the resistance management strategy for Australian cotton.
Control strategies for the lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis (L.) (Collembola: Sminthuridae), and their effect on other species in irrigated lucerne in the Hunter dairying region of New South Wales
Authors: Bishop Alan L , McKenzie Harry J , Harris Anne M , Barchia Idris M 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe lucerne flea, Sminthurus viridis (L.), was shown to be capable of causing significant yield loss and reductions in percentage lucerne crown cover of stands of irrigated lucerne in the temperate‐type climate of the Hunter dairying region of New South Wales, an area previously considered unsuitable for lucerne flea establishment. Chlorpyrifos was used in tests of three control strategies, each of which effectively reduced lucerne flea numbers. Prophylactic sprays in autumn to prevent females of the second generation after aestivation from ovipositing gave protection for up to 3 months, but did not remove the necessity for later treatments. A single application of insecticide when lucerne flea was starting to cause severe damage was the most effective and economical control strategy but was difficult to time correctly. Some other pest and beneficial species were affected by the lucerne flea control strategies and this may have to be considered in pest management. Strategies for controlling lucerne flea were also capable of reducing numbers of redlegged earth mites, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker).
The genus Scaphoideus Uhler in Australia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)
Authors: Fletcher Murray J , Semeraro Linda 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Australian leafhopper species of the genus Scaphoideus Uhler (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) are revised. Scaphoideus pristidens Kirkaldy is removed from synonymy with Scaphoideus festivus Matsumura, which does not occur in Australia. Two new species, Scaphoideus foshoi from New South Wales, Queensland and the Northern Territory and Scaphoideus obscurus from Queensland and the Northern Territory are described and illustrated, as is Scaphoideus pristidens, and a key is provided for the separation of all three species. The retention of the Scaphoideini as a separate tribe within the Deltocephalinae is discussed.
Influence of petroleum‐derived spray oil aromaticity, equivalent n‐paraffin carbon number and emulsifier concentration on oviposition by citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Authors: Liu Zm , Beattie Gac , Hodgkinson M , Rose Ha , Jiang L 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTwo experiments showed that the effect of petroleum‐derived spray oil residues on oviposition by citrus leafminer is related to the number of carbon atoms in oil molecules but not to aromaticity and emulsifier concentrations. An nC25 medicinal‐oil fraction was more effective than nC17 and nC22 fractions. Efficacy of petroleum‐derived spray oils used as oviposition deterrents to control citrus leafminer is therefore related to timing of spray application, the amount of oil deposited on sprayed surfaces (dose) and the persistence of oil molecules on sprayed surfaces.