bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT SERVICES USING DIGITAL METHODS IN LOGISTICS SYSTEMS
Authors: Nikiforova Guzel Is. , Poliektov Dmitriy A. 
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the life cycle of railway transport services in freight transportation. The features of the service are describe as a type of product. A parametric model of the life cycle of providing services by rail is construct from the moment of loading goods into wagons at the departure station to the moment of unloading at the destination station. There are the comparison of the service life cycle and the turnover of the car. Other operational indicators, features of their calculation and interrelation are also analyze. It is propose to minimize the service life cycle by digitalizing the rationing of operational indicators. It is present the calculation algorithm using by digital methods. The elements of the program interface for calculating and rationing operational indicators are given. The life cycle of the service is comparable to the turnover of the car, but does not take into account the empty mileage of the car. Minimizing the life cycle of products is an important aim, because it will reduce costs, increase the competitiveness and attractiveness of rail transport for cargo owners. Digitalization of the process of calculating and rationing operational indicators can solve this problem.
Purpose. The purpose is to apply the product life cycle period to the railway transport service during freight transportation with the subsequent search for opportunities to improve the quality of services provided.
Methodology. The article used the analysis of the provision of transportation services from the standpoint of quality management, modeling, as well as the creation of an algorithm and a program for digitalization of a number of operations.
Results. The cargo transportation service is differentiate into stages of the life cycle period. It is present a parametric model. They are outline the ways of minimizing the life cycle, which will reduce costs, increase the competitiveness and attractiveness of railway transport for cargo owners. Digitalization of the stage of calculation and rationing of operational indicators can solve this problem
Practical implications. It is advisable to apply the results obtained in the railway transportation system, in the work of operators and transport and logistics companies, in the management of the car fleet.
Development of banks of test items as a type of modern certification pedagogical measuring materials
Authors: Pizhurina Natalia , Savelieva Marina 
Published: December 2023

In connection with the transition of higher education to the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education of the third generation in terms of evaluating learning outcomes, a new task has arisen to create such an assessment system that would allow determining the formation of competencies and parts of competencies of students and graduates. To do this, universities should create a qualitatively new system for evaluating educational outcomes. At the same time, it is certainly desirable that the new system make maximum use of already well-tested, repeatedly tested and familiar tools and techniques. Testing is one of these tools that meet modern requirements and at the same time are already familiar to users. Of particular note is the value of testing for current and widely used distance learning methods. The article is devoted to some aspects of modern testing, namely, the creation of databases of test tasks and the design of the test tasks themselves as a type of certification and pedagogical measuring materials based on the provisions of the theory of testing and international standards.
The article may be useful to all teachers who use or intend to use modern testing tools in their professional activities, teachers who form funds of assessment tools for disciplines at departments of educational institutions of higher education, as well as to the organizers and performers of diagnostic work of Rosobrnadzor – heads of departments and heads of the main professional educational programs.
Digital Visualization Tools in Training Students of Economic Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Odincova E. , MUKHAMETDINOVA S. , TYUMENTSEVA E. , Shamis V. 
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the results of a study aimed at identifying the assessment by university students of the role of physical culture in the upbringing and development of personality. During the implementation of the project, a sociological survey was conducted on the basis of the author's questionnaire, in which 124 students of the Omsk branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation who have no restrictions on physical education for health reasons took part.
The results of the study give grounds to assert that only 41% of students regularly engage in physical culture and sports. At the same time, the overwhelming majority of respondents noted the positive impact of classes on physical health and the development of important personal qualities such as, for example, willpower, self-confidence and purposefulness.
The low motivation of respondents to engage in physical culture and sports, to a large extent, as the survey showed, is due to the lack of commitment to a healthy lifestyle in many families (84%). In addition, physical education classes do not take into account individual characteristics and current fitness techniques to the proper extent, which also contributes to a decrease in students' interest. An important component of the formation of a positive attitude among young people to physical culture and sports is the equipment of university gyms with modern physical education equipment and inventory.
The results of the study can be used in the development of programs of the discipline "Physical Culture" and effective methods that contribute to the development of sustainable motivation among students to engage in physical culture and sports not only during their studies at the university, but also throughout their lives.
Epidemiology of breast cancer in women in Norway
Authors: Pałac Renata , Mielnik Aneta , Cipora Elżbieta 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Breast cancer in women in Norway currently accounts for 23% of all cancer cases and is also the most common cause of death in this population. Thanks to the availability of preventive tests and the implementation of tests, many cases of the disease are diagnosed at an early stage, which has a positive impact on the prognosis. The introduction of new technologies and treatment methods in oncology has given many women a chance for longer survival and even complete recovery.
The aim of the study was to present the epidemiological situation of women with breast cancer in Norway and to identify factors that may be important for the incidence, duration of survival and mortality due to this cancer.
Material and methods. The work uses a review and analysis of the literature from the Norwegian online database Kreftregisteret Cancer in Norway (from 2019-2022) and a review of data published by: Norwegian Ministry of Health and Welfare and Statistics Norway.
Results. Breast cancer in Norway is the most common cause of death in women under 65 years of age. In 2022, 4,197 new cases were recorded, i.e. more than in previous years, and the average age of women at diagnosis was 62 years. The incidence rate of breast cancer in the female population aged 50–69 was also higher and clearly associated with the more frequent use of hormonal treatment during menopause. The effects of treatment of this cancer in Norway are satisfactory, because nine out of ten women diagnosed with breast cancer survive 5 years after diagnosis.
Conclusions. Breast cancer among women in Norway is still a serious health and social problem, but the functioning of the health care system and the attitude of women themselves allow for satisfactory treatment results. Evidence of significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of women diagnosed with breast cancer is the fact that over 90% of patients with this cancer can be considered cured.
KONYA ETNOGRAFYA MÜZESİNDE BULUNAN DİVAL İŞİ TEKNİĞİNDE YAPILMIŞ SECCADE ÖRNEKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SÖNMEZ Kezban 
Published: December 2023

Öz
Türk işlemeleri, Türk kültürünün tarihsel sürecinde, diğer kültürlerle etkileşimleri ile kendi kültürlerini zenginleştirmeleri sonucunda ortaya çıkmış ve çeşitli el sanatı teknikleriyle beraber gelişim göstermeye başlamıştır. Türk işleme sanatı, farklı toplumların kültürlerini ortaya koyan canlı belgeler olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Geçmişten günümüze önemini yitirmeden ve özgünlüğünü koruyarak yapımı devam eden dival işi tekniğinde yapılmış işlemeler, geleneksel el sanatları ve kültürel miras olarak Türk işlemelerinin en önemli örneklerine sahip bir işleme tekniği olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Bu araştırmanın amacı; Konya Etnografya Müzesinde bulunan dival işi seccade örneklerini incelemek ve özelliklerini belirlemek, ayrıca dival işi tekniğinde yapılmış seccade örneklerinin malzeme, renk ve teknik özelliklerini analiz etmek, motif ve kompozisyon özelliklerini tespit etmek, bununla birlikte seccade örneklerinin Türk işleme sanatı açısından önemini ortaya koymaktır.
Bu çalışmada öncelikle literatür taraması yapılmış, konu ile ilgili her türlü kaynak incelenmiştir. Müzedeki örnekler incelenmiş, dival işi tekniği kullanılarak süslenen seccadelerin çeşitli özelliklerini tespit etmek açısından için gözlem fişi formları hazırlanmıştır. Müzede bulunan seccade örneklerinin fotoğrafları çekilmiş ve müze görevlilerinden bu eserlerle ilgili gerekli bilgiler alınmıştır. Bu süreçler sonunda elde edilen bilgiler analiz edilerek sonuca gidilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Corporate social responsibility in relation to the economic dimension of socio-economic policy
Authors: Anisiewicz Urszula , Wołowiec Tomasz , Marczuk Marcin , Cichorzewska Marzena 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesCorporate social responsibility is a concept that allows organizing economic life both at the level of the organization and at the level of the state taking into account the broader interests of the social environment of a contemporary enterprise and stimulating inclusive growth in the quality of economic relations. Entrepreneurs are aware that they are expected not only to generate profits, but also to fairly shape relations with the entire socio-economic environment. CSR can be defined as a concept through which companies voluntarily take into account social and environmental interests at the stage of strategy building, as well as relations with various stakeholder groups. Being responsible does not just mean meeting all formal and legal requirements, but in addition to increased investment in human resources, environmental protection and stakeholder relations.Material and methodsThe purpose of the article is to theoretically analyze the role and importance of corporate social responsibility in the process of creating an inclusive and integrative role for economics and business in the economy. The article shows that neo-liberal concepts focusing on profit maximization at all costs and the "invisible" hand of the market have significantly devalued.ResultsIt is therefore possible to identify specific benefits of implementing corporate social responsibility principles. In the area of economic benefits, social environment and environmental.ConclusionsSocial responsibility benefits not only the company itself and its direct beneficiaries, but also the economy and the environment. Responsible selling allows to build loyalty and trust of employees, and consequently supports sustainable economic development based on social participation and equitable distribution of national income.
Perception of the financial situation of households in Poland in conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Sokół Marta , Paździor Artur , Zienkiewicz Konrad 
Published: December 2023

Cel pracySytuacja finansowa gospodarstw domowych jest nierozerwalnie związana z procesami zachodzącymi w ich otoczeniu. Wysoka inflacja i wynikające z niej realnie niższe dochody oraz niepewność co do przyszłości, mogą powodować zmiany w dotychczasowym funkcjonowaniu gospodarstw domowych i w dotychczasowej konsumpcji. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza i ocena postrzegania swojej sytuacji finansowej przez gospodarstwa domowe w Polsce, wynikająca z niepewności związanej z wysoką inflacją.Materiał i metodyZastosowanie metody badawcze objęły studia literaturowe, analizę raportów GUS oraz analizę statystyczną wyników badań ankietowych skierowanych do losowo wybranej grupy 1000 respondentów. Pozwoliło to ocenić czy aktualne zdarzenia miały wpływ na zmianę subiektywnej oceny gospodarstw domowych dotyczącej ich sytuacji finansowej. Postawione hipotezy zweryfikowano przy zastosowaniu testu niezależności χ^2.WynikiZ przeprowadzanych w lutym 2023 roku badań wynika, że większość gospodarstw domowych ocenia swoją sytuację finansową gorzej niż rok temu, a niemal połowa przewiduje, że w najbliższym czasie pogorszy się ona jeszcze bardziej. Ocena bieżącej sytuacji finansowej oraz kierunek jej zmiany nie są jednak zależne od płci, wieku, wykształcenia czy miejsca zamieszkania respondenta. Z kolei przewidywania co do przyszłej sytuacji finansowej są zależne od oceny sytuacji obecnej.WnioskiNa podstawie przeprowadzanych badań można ocenić, że w wyniku niepewności wywołanej inflacją nastroje wśród respondentów były pesymistyczne.
Tax economics and tax policy and the market reactions of taxpayers
Authors: Wojciechowski Łukasz , Skrzypek-Ahmed Sylwia , Wołowiec Tomasz , Bogacki Sylwester , Paklerska Alina , Ociesa Kinga 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesIn a market economy, allocation decisions are more or less visibly related to the monetary savings of entities. The tendency of entities to save depends on both the interest rate on deposits and inflation, as well as the tax rate on income from capital (monetary savings). Also, the willingness of business entities to invest depends on the income from invested capital. Tax policy, its nature, implemented solutions, instruments in the form of reliefs and exemptions, and, above all, stability and predictability are an important element of effectively influencing taxpayers' behavior.Material and methodsInduction was used as the main research method. It involves drawing general conclusions or establishing regularities based on the analysis of empirically identified phenomena and processes. Moreover, the work uses two general research methods, i.e. analytical and synthetic methods, characterized by a specific approach to the study of reality.ResultsTo ensure economic growth and development, it is necessary to develop favorable tax solutions. Taxes should not affect the taxpayer's assets to an extent that prevents their further development. Therefore, it is important to balance the amount of tax collected from the company.ConclusionsA simple consequence of the fiscal function of income taxes is a direct impact on the allocation of resources in the economy, because when the tax is paid, there is a final flow of income between the taxpayer and the state. The fiscal function of income taxes is always related to the allocation of resources, as it reduces the incomes of households and businesses, which limits their ability to invest, consume and save.
Conformance of the Internet sales systems of Polish regional rail carriers with Regulation (EU) 2021/782 of the European Parliament and of the Council in the aspect of obligation of providing information about the minimal fares
Authors: Kowalik Przemysław 
Published: December 2023

Cel pracyPrzedmiotem opracowania jest zbadanie funkcjonowania internetowych systemów sprzedaży polskich regionalnych przewoźników kolejowych w zakresie obowiązku informowania o najniższych dostępnych cenach przejazdu wynikającego z rozporządzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) 2021/782. Z powodu skomplikowanej struktury taryf stosowanych przez przewoźników mogą bowiem wystąpić przypadki, w których najtańszy przejazd na danej trasie może wymagać wykonania zakupu „niestandardowego”: zakupu więcej niż jednego biletu lub też biletu na trasę inną niż ta, która faktycznie będzie przejechana.Materiał i metodyZbadano strukturę taryf przewoźników oraz działanie systemów sprzedaży pod kątem obsługi wspomnianych wyżej „niestandardowych" zakupów biletów.WynikiWyniki badań pokazały, że systemy sprzedażowe większości przewoźników nie zapewniają obsługi wyżej wspomnianych „niestandardowych” zakupów poprzez automatycznie wygenerowaną ofertę. Niemniej jednak taki zakup jest technicznie możliwy, ale wyłącznie poprzez samodzielne żądanie użytkownika.WnioskiJako wnioski z badań sformułowano postulaty de lege ferenda odnośnie doprecyzowania samego przepisu o obowiązku informowania o najniższych kosztach zawartego w rozporządzeniu, jak również zasad działania systemów sprzedażowych oraz tworzenia taryf przewozowych.
ATTENZIONE, ESPLORATORI DI DATI: MA ANÁLISE JURÍDICA SOBRE OS TERMOS DE USO DO APLICATIVO THREADS NO BRASIL E NA UNIÃO EUROPEIA
Authors: Piaia Thami Covatti 
Published: December 2023

Contextualização: O artigo realiza uma análise detalhada dos termos de uso do aplicativo Threads em relação à legislação de proteção de dados pessoais brasileira e da União Europeia. O aplicativo, desenvolvido pela empresa Meta, é utilizado para compartilhar fotos e mensagens com amigos próximos. Contudo, a sua política de privacidade e termos de uso têm levantado preocupações sobre a proteção de dados pessoais e os direitos dos usuários. Serão apontados os pontos em conformidade e os pontos que podem levantar preocupações legais.
Objetivo: Inicialmente, o artigo explora a sociedade tecnológica e a legislação de privacidade e proteção de dados aplicável no Brasil e na União Europeia. Em seguida, serão analisados os termos de uso do aplicativo Threads em detalhes, abordando questões como consentimento do usuário, coleta, uso e compartilhamento de dados pessoais, além de políticas de retenção de dados e direitos dos usuários.

Metodologia: O método de pesquisa é o dedutivo e o método de procedimento é o analítico por meio da pesquisa indireta com a consulta a livros e revistas científicas.
Resultados: Proposição de recomendações para que a empresa de tecnologia adeque seus termos de uso de acordo com as regulamentações de privacidade e proteção de dados do Brasil e da União Europeia, garantindo maior transparência e proteção aos direitos dos usuários.
Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as Colonic Obstruction
Authors: Protopapadakis Yianni , Lamm Kevin , Baber Joseph 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a biliary epithelial cancer conferring a grim prognosis. Metastatic recurrence of CCA is often discovered because of symptoms stemming from the site of metastasis. It is rarely reported that colonic obstruction serves as the presenting symptom of disease recurrence. We report the unusual discovery of malignant colonic obstruction because of metastatic CCA. Our report highlights the benefit of minimally invasive colonic stenting for palliation yielding immediate relief of pain while avoiding untoward sequelae from high-risk surgical intervention.
Migraine and its childhood equivalents
Authors: Zhmyleva P. V. , Tabeeva G. R. 
Published: December 2023

Migraine is one of the most common causes of primary headache in the pediatric population. In addition to pain manifestations, episodic syndromes are also found in children, which often lack cephalgic manifestations and are difficult to verify in clinical practice.Objective: to determine the characteristics of the migraine and episodic syndromes associated with migraine in children of different age groups.Material and methods. The study included 250 children complaining of headaches (166 girls and 84 boys aged 5 to 18 years, mean age 13 years). The patients were divided into groups: Group 1 – preschool age (5–6 years) and elementary school age (7–10 years) – 20.8% (n=52) of patients; Group 2 – middle school age (11–14 years) – 45.2% (n=113) of patients; Group 3 – high school age (15–18 years) – 34% (n=85) of patients. A structured diagnostic interview was conducted with all study participants (or their parents) and pain and anxiety were assessed using special scales and tests adapted for children (visual analog scale (VAS); Digital Pain Rating Scale (DPS); Verbal Rating Pain Scale (VRPS), Faces Pain Scale (FPS), MIDAS scales, Hands scale, depression scales adapted by T.I. Balashova, Spielberger-Khanin anxiety scale).Results. The average age at onset of headache in the general structure was 11 [9; 13] years. Migraine was diagnosed in 40.4% (n=21) of the patients in Group 1, in 31.9% (n=36) of the patients in Group 2 and in 29.4% (n=25) of the patients in Group 3. An increase in age by 1 year leads to a 1.17-fold decrease in complaints for headache in combination with vomiting. With an increase in the age of the patients by 1 year, excessive sleep is significantly less likely to be a factor provoking headaches. A statistically significant inverse association was found between age and FPS scores (ρ =-0.13, 95% CI: -0.25; -0.002; p=0.0457), VAS (ρ =-0.13, 95% CI: -0.25; -0.004, p=0.0425) and Balashova scale score (ρ =-0.14, 95% CI: -0.26; -0.01, p=0.0327). The mean values for the intensity and severity of headaches decrease with age. Analysis of the prevalence of episodic syndromes associated with migraine revealed that in the general group, intestinal colic in infancy was found in 49.6% (n=124) of cases, in Group 1 – in 51.9% (n=27), in Group 2 – in 47.8% (n=54) and in Group 3 – in 50.6% (n=43) of patients. In the general group, torticollis was found in 14.4% (n=36) of patients, which increased slightly with age. Intermittent abdominal pain was found in a total of 33.2% (n=83) and spontaneous vomiting in 18% of children, and its prevalence decreased with age.Conclusion. The prevalence of migraine in children of different age groups suffering from headache varies between 40.4% and 29.4% of cases. Frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms accompanying a headache attack and the provoking effect of sleep decrease continuously with increasing age. Episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine may vary in their characteristics between different age groups of pediatric patients.