bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of 4‐nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO‐based nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Authors: Indumathi Thangavelu , Kumaresan Inbavalli , Suriyaprakash Jagadeesh , Alarfaj Abdullah A. , Hirad Abdurahman Hajinur , Jaganathan Ravindran , Mathanmohun Maghimaa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGlobally, cancer is the leading cause of death and morbidity, and skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis. Skin problems can be treated with nanoparticles (NPs), particularly with zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs, which have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer properties. An antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared in the presence of 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde (4NB) was also tested in the present study. In addition, the influence of synthesized NPs on cell apoptosis, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, and cell adhesion was also examined. The synthesized 4‐nitro benzaldehyde with ZnO (4NBZnO) NPs were confirmed via characterization techniques. 4NBZnO NPs showed superior antibacterial properties against the pathogens tested in antibacterial investigations. As a result of dose‐based treatment with 4NBZnO NPs, cell viability, and MMP activity of melanoma cells (SK‐MEL‐3) cells were suppressed. A dose‐dependent accumulation of ROS was observed in cells exposed to 4NBZnO NPs. As a result of exposure to 4NBZnO NPs in a dose‐dependent manner, viable cells declined and apoptotic cells increased. This indicates that apoptotic cell death was higher. The cell adhesion test revealed that 4NBZnO NPs reduced cell adhesion and may promote apoptosis of cancer cells because of enhanced ROS levels.
The critical impact of traumatic muscle loss on fracture healing: Basic science and clinical aspects
Authors: Rahmati Maryam , Haffner Max , Lee Mark A. , Leach Jonathan Kent , Saiz Augustine M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMusculoskeletal trauma, specifically fractures, is a leading cause of patient morbidity and disability worldwide. In approximately 20% of cases with fracture and related traumatic muscle loss, bone healing is impaired leading to fracture nonunion. Over the past few years, several studies have demonstrated that bone and the surrounding muscle tissue interact not only anatomically and mechanically but also through biochemical pathways and mediators. Severe damage to the surrounding musculature at the fracture site causes an insufficiency in muscle‐derived osteoprogenitor cells that are crucial for fracture healing. As an endocrine tissue, skeletal muscle produces many myokines that act on different bone cells, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and mesenchymal stem cells. Investigating how muscle influences fracture healing at cellular, molecular, and hormonal levels provides translational therapeutic solutions to this clinical challenge. This review provides an overview about the contributions of surrounding muscle tissue in directing fracture healing. The focus of the review is on describing the interactions between bone and muscle in both healthy and fractured environments. We discuss current progress in identifying the bone–muscle molecular pathways and strategies to harness these pathways as cues for accelerating fracture healing. In addition, we review the existing challenges and research opportunities in the field.
Valorization of artichoke outer petals by using ultrasound‐assisted extraction and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) for the recovery of phenolic compounds
Authors: Ozkan Gulay 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as a novel green tool were used for the recovery of bioactive compounds with respect to the valorization of artichoke outer petals. NADES coupled with ultrasound‐assisted extraction was applied by varying the type of hydrogen bond acceptors (choline chloride or betain) and hydrogen bond donors (sucrose, lactic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and glycerol) in the NADES mixtures. Thereafter, extraction efficacy was assessed in terms of total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and individual phenolic composition and their levels by comparing the results obtained by NADES with those for a reference methanolic extract.RESULTSBased on the results of the present study, the use of choline chloride and lactic acid mixtures was superior for obtaining extracts with high levels of phenolic compounds (12.96 g GAE kg−1 DW) and high antioxidant potential (60.68 g TE kg−1 DW). In addition, gallic acid, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, luteolin, apigenin, rutin and quercetin were detected in all extracts by chromatographic evaluation. As major phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid were found to be maximum in lactic acid‐based NADES mixtures.CONCLUSIONThe present study reveals the potential treatment of various plants, wastes or by‐products with NADES combined with an ultrasonication method for the extraction of bioactive compounds with enhanced recovery and selectivity, with the aim of incorporating them into various food and pharmaceutical formulations. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
A Heteroatom‐Containing Functional Poly(Silylenevinylene): Synthesis, Anion Binding, and Sensing of Anion Extraction Processes
Authors: Garg Bhaskar , Bisht Tanuja , Ling Yong‐Chien 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCatalytic hydrosilylation is one of the important synthetic approaches to prepare functional organosilicon polymers. Herein, a functional silicon copolymer is constructed by polyhydrosilylation reaction between a novel 3,7‐bis(dimethyl silane)‐10‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐10H‐phenothiazine monomer and a neutral tetrapyrrolic macrocycle, namely, 5,5,10,15,15,20‐hexamethyl‐10α, 20α‐bis(4‐[ethynylphenyl]) calix[4]pyrrole. The as‐constructed copolymer (Mn = 9609, PDI = 2.2) is investigated as an extractant for organic anions as their tetrabutylammonium salts under interfacial aqueous‐organic (water‐chloroform) conditions. In this context, a distinctive naked‐eye colorimetric as well as fluorescence detection method is developed based on anion‐directed hydrogen‐bonding interactions. This kind of color/fluorescence monitoring serves as a handy tool for rapid screening of anion extraction processes. The copolymer exhibits high selectivity toward extraction of chloride anion. This study augments the field of polycarbosilanes, poly(silylenevinylene)s in particular, allowing access to a new application window that can be further advanced with good grace in near future.
Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 promotes cervical cancer proliferation by upregulating transketolase enzymatic activity through the activation of protein kinase B
Authors: Hao Shiming , Meng Qingfei , Sun Huihui , Yang Xiangzhe , Liu Bin , Zhang Yanghe , Zhou Honglan , Xu Zhixiang , Wang Yishu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOver 99% of precancerous cervical lesions are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, with HPV types 16 and 18 (especially type 16) found in over 70% of cervical cancer cases globally. E6, a critical HPV gene, triggers malignant proliferation by degrading p53; however, this mechanism alone cannot fully explain the oncogenic effects of HPV16 E6. Therefore, we aimed to investigate new targets of HPV oncogenic mechanisms. Our results revealed significant changes in nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) metabolites in HPV16‐positive cells. However, the role of nonoxidative PPP in HPV‐associated cell transformation and tumor development remained unexplored. In this study, we investigated the impact and mechanisms of HPV16 E6 on cervical cancer proliferation using the HPV‐negative cervical cancer cell line (C33A). HPV16 E6 was found to promote cervical cancer cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, activating the nonoxidative PPP. Transketolase (TKT), a key enzyme in the nonoxidative PPP, is highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and associated with poor prognosis. HPV16 E6 promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation by upregulating TKT activity through the activation of AKT. In addition, oxythiamine (OT), a TKT inhibitor, hindered tumor growth, with enhanced effects when combined with cisplatin (DDP). In conclusion, HPV16 E6 promotes cervical cancer proliferation by upregulating TKT activity through the activation of AKT. OT demonstrates the potential to inhibit HPV16‐positive cervical cancer growth, and when combined with DDP, could further enhance the tumor‐suppressive effect of DDP.
An evaluation of the relative size, body condition, and survival of triploid Walleye in the wild
Authors: Farrell Collin J. , Hansen Adam G. , Brandt Mandi M. , Myrick Christopher A. , Johnson Brett M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Natural dispersal or unauthorized introductions of nonnative predatory sport fish can undermine native species conservation and other fisheries management objectives. The use of reproductively sterile triploid fish may provide a lower risk stocking option (i.e., genetic and reproductive containment) for diversifying angling opportunities while possibly reducing angler motivation to illegally transplant fish. Management interest in triploid Walleye Sander vitreus is growing, and these fish are currently stocked by several fisheries agencies. However, little is known about the poststocking growth, body condition, and survival of triploid Walleye—information that is important for calibrating expectations and guiding policy regarding their use.

Methods
We compared the age-specific size, body condition, and survival of subadult (i.e., ages 0–3) triploid Walleye to those of normal diploid conspecifics in two eastern Colorado reservoirs. Paired stockings of triploid and diploid Walleye occurred over 3 years. Both fry and fingerlings were stocked each year.

Result
Triploids were generally smaller in length (6.6% smaller on average) and weight (20.6% smaller) compared to diploids across all age-classes. Despite being smaller, triploids had similar body condition relative to diploids. On average, the survival of triploids from spring stocking to their first fall was 6.3× lower than that of diploids, but no differences in survival were observed beyond this early life stage. This pattern was consistent across cohorts and reservoirs.

Conclusion
The present work provides a foundation for future studies that are designed to clarify patterns of survival from spring to the first fall by accounting for size at stocking and natural-origin fish and studies that are planned to assess the poststocking performance of triploid Walleye independent of diploids.
Phenotyping children and adolescents with obesity using behavioral, psychological, and familial data
Authors: St Fleur Ruth G. , Tanofsky‐Kraff Marian , Yanovski Jack A. , Horton Nicholas J. , Hirschhorn Joel N. , Field Alison E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective cohort study aimed to empirically derive phenotypes of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.MethodsLatent class analyses using Mplus were carried out in the Growing Up Today Study. Information on participants' weight status, disordered eating behaviors, body image and weight concerns, depressive symptoms, and pubertal timing, as well as and maternal weight status, were included in the latent class analyses, which were stratified by sex. Mixed‐effects regression was used to examine associations of the obesity phenotypes with adult weight gain, between age 20 and 35 years, independent of weight at beginning of follow‐up and duration of follow‐up.ResultsAmong the girls, four obesity phenotypes were identified: 1) “early puberty”; 2) “mothers with obesity”; 3) “high weight concerns”; and 4) “mixed.” Only three phenotypes were identified among the boys: 1) “high weight concerns”; 2) “mothers with obesity”; and 3) “mixed.” Participants who had overweight or obesity in childhood or adolescence gained more weight in young adulthood than their leaner peers, but the patterns of weight gain in young adulthood varied by phenotype of obesity in childhood and adolescence.ConclusionsThese results support examining risk factors for and treatment outcomes by obesity phenotypes.
Accessible Tetrathiafulvalene Moieties in a 3D Covalent Organic Framework for Enhanced Near‐Infrared Photo‐Thermal Conversion and Photo‐Electrical Response
Authors: Ma Tian‐Rui , Ge Feiyue , Ke Si‐Wen , Lv Sen , Yang Zhi‐Mei , Zhou Xiao‐Cheng , Liu Cheng , Wu Xue‐Jun , Yuan Shuai , Zuo Jing‐Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRedox‐active tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit distinctive electrochemical and photoelectrical properties, but their prevalent two‐dimensional (2D) structure with densely packed TTF moieties limits the accessibility of redox center and constrains their potential applications. To overcome this challenge, an 8‐connected TTF linker (TTF‐8CHO) is designed as a new building block for the construction of three‐dimensional (3D) COFs. This approach led to the successful synthesis of a 3D COF with the bcu topology, designated as TTF‐8CHO‐COF. In comparison to its 2D counterpart employing a 4‐connected TTF linker, the 3D COF design enhances access to redox sites, facilitating controlled oxidation by I2 or Au3+ to tune physical properties. When irradiated with a 0.7 W cm−2 808 nm laser, the oxidized 3D COF samples (@TTF‐8CHO‐COF and Au NPs@TTF‐8CHO‐COF) demonstrated rapid temperature increases of 239.3 and 146.1 °C, respectively, which surpassed those of pristine 3D COF (65.6 °C) and the 2D COF counterpart (6.4 °C increment after I2 treatment). Furthermore, the oxidation of the 3D COF heightened its photoelectrical responsiveness under 808 nm laser irradiation. This augmentation in photothermal and photoelectrical response can be attributed to the higher concentration of TTF·+ radicals generated through the oxidation of well‐exposed TTF moieties.
Nanoplastic Stimulates the Amyloidogenesis of Parkinson's Alpha‐Synuclein NACore
Authors: Liang Xiufang , Andrikopoulos Nicholas , Tang Huayuan , Wang Yue , Ding Feng , Ke Pu Chun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental plastic wastes are potential health hazards due to their prevalence as well as their versatility in initiating physical, chemical, and biological interactions and transformations. Indeed, recent research has implicated the adverse effects of micro‐ and nano‐plastics, including their neurotoxicity, yet how plastic particulates may impact the aggregation pathway and toxicity of amyloid proteins pertinent to the pathologies of neurological diseases remains unknown. Here, electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐TOF‐MS) is employed to reveal the polymorphic oligomerization of NACore, a surrogate of alpha‐synuclein that is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. These data indicate that the production rate and population of the NACore oligomers are modulated by their exposure to a polystyrene nanoplastic, and these cellular assays further reveal an elevated NACore toxicity in microglial cells elicited by the nanoplastic. These simulations confirm that the nanoplastic‐NACore association is promoted by their hydrophobic interactions. These findings are corroborated by an impairment in zebrafish hatching, survival, and development in vivo upon their embryonic exposure to the nanoplastic. Together, this study has uncovered the dynamics and mechanism of amyloidogenesis elevated by a nanoplastic trigger, shedding a new light on the neurological burden of plastic pollution.
Microcrystalline Nanofiber Electrode with Adaptive Intrinsic Structure and Microscopic Interface
Authors: Zhang Luwei , Qi Lu , Liu Jingyi , He Feng , Wang Ning , Li Yuliang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA strategy of microcrystalline aggregation is proposed to fabricate energy storage electrode with outstanding capacity and stability. Carbon‐rich electrode (BDTG) functionalized with benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene units and butadiyne segments are prepared. The linear conjugate chains pack as microcrystalline nanofibers on nanoscale, which further aggregates to form a porous interpenetrating network. The microcrystalline aggregation feature of BDTG exhibit stable structure during long cycling test, revealing the following advantage in structure and property. The stretchable butadiyne linker facilitates reversible adsorption and desorption of Li with the aid of adjacent sulfur heteroatom. The alkyne‐alkene transition exhibits intrinsic structural stability of microcrystalline region in BDTG electrodes. Meanwhile, alkynyl groups and sulfur heteroatoms on the surface of BDTG nanofibers participate in the formation of microscopic interface, providing a stable interfacial contact between BDTG electrodes and adjacent electrolyte. As a proof‐of‐concept, BDTG‐based electrode shows high capacity (1430 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1) and excellent cycle performance (8000 cycles under 5 A g−1) in half‐cell of lithium‐ion batteries, and a reversible capacity of 120 mAh g−1 is obtained under the current density of 2 C in full‐cell. This work shows microcrystalline aggregation is beneficial to realize adaptive intrinsic structure and interface contact during the charge‐discharge process.
Predicting the likelihood of gas bubble trauma in fishes exposed to elevated total dissolved gas in the lower Clark Fork River, Idaho
Authors: Kusnierz Paul C. , Bouwens Kenneth A. , Ransom Andrew L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Gas bubble trauma (GBT) can occur in fish when water becomes supersaturated with gases, with effects ranging from minor tissue damage to death. Laboratory studies suggest that fish exposure to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) at depths that compensate for gas supersaturation can result in reduced GBT incidence and that different fish species exhibit varying susceptibility to GBT. Elevated TDG levels associated with spill at Cabinet Gorge Dam in the lower Clark Fork River, Idaho, facilitated describing the incidence and severity of GBT, variables that affect GBT incidence, and the probability of observing GBT in different fish species.

Methods
Total dissolved gas and GBT data were collected during the typical spill period (i.e., April–July) in 2000, 2006, 2008, and 2017–2021.

Result
A total of 6985 fish was examined for GBT at TDG of 101–137% saturation. Incidences of GBT varied with TDG levels, and the greatest incidence of GBT was typically observed near the date with peak daily mean TDG. Logistic regression models indicated that the probability of observing GBT was affected by TDG exposure and temperature but not length. The probability of observing GBT on fish was &lt; 0.01 when 7-day mean TDG was 110% saturation and &lt; 0.04 when 7-day mean TDG was 120% saturation. The models also indicated that the probability of observing GBT at a given TDG value differed between fish species.

Conclusion
We suggest that species-specific behavior and habitat composition in the sampled area (i.e., access to compensatory depths and locations with less TDG) were factors in our observations. We advocate that fisheries managers use a similar process to develop site- and species-specific GBT probability curves where elevated TDG is an issue. These site-specific curves can help managers evaluate the potential for population-level effects to fisheries and need for TDG reduction or mitigation actions.
Selenium reduces acrylamide‐induced testicular toxicity in rats by regulating HSD17B1, StAR, and CYP17A1 expression, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and DNA damage
Authors: Yildirim Serkan , Sengul Emin , Aksu Emrah Hicazi , Cinar İrfan , Gelen Volkan , Tekin Samet , Dag Yusuf 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of Selenium (Se) on testis toxicity induced by Acrylamide (ACR) in rats. In our study, 50 male adult rats were used, and the rats were divided into five groups; control, ACR, Se0.5 + ACR, Se1 + ACR, and Se1. Se and ACR treatments were applied for 10 days. On the 11th day of the experimental study, intracardiac blood samples from the rats were taken under anesthesia and euthanized. Sperm motility and morphology were evaluated. Dihydrotestosterone, FSH, and LH levels in sera were analyzed with commercial ELISA kits. MDA, GSH, TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1β levels and SOD, GPx, and CAT, activities were measured to detect the level of oxidative stress and inflammation in rat testis tissues. Expression analysis of HSD17B1, StAR, CYP17A1, MAPk14, and P‐53 as target mRNA levels were performed with Real Time‐PCR System technology for each cDNA sample synthesized from rat testis RNA. Testicular tissues were evaluated by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescent examinations. Serum dihydrotestosterone and FSH levels decreased significantly in the ACR group compared to the control group, while LH levels increased and a high dose of Se prevented these changes caused by ACR. A high dose of Se prevented these changes caused by ACR. ACR‐induced testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, changes in the expression of reproductive enzymes, some changes in sperm motility and morphology, DNA, and tissue damage, and Se administration prevented these pathologies caused by ACR. As a result of this study, it was determined that Se prevents oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and DNA damage in testicular toxicity induced by ACR in rats.
The identification and functional analysis of CircRNAs in endometrial receptivity of mice with polycystic ovary
Authors: Zhao Ziwei , Li Dawei , Wang Nan , Xu Li , Weng Yujing , Zhou Weiqin , Pan Yanping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe disorders of endometrial receptivity and ovulatory dysfunction are both significant causes of infertility in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we investigated the expression profile and functional implications of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the endometrial receptivity of PCOS‐affected mice. Twenty‐four female C57BL/6 mice were divided into PCOS and normal control groups. The PCOS group received subcutaneous DHEA treatment, while the control group remained untreated. Gene chip technology was utilized to analyze circRNA expression in endometrial tissues on the fourth day of gestation with subsequent bioinformatics analyses into circRNA functions. Furthermore, endometrial epithelial cells were used to determine represented circRNA functions. Results showed that the PCOS group exhibited 205 differentially expressed circRNAs, with 147 upregulated and 58 downregulated ones. qRT‐PCR confirmed differential expression of circRNAs, including circRNA_38548, circRNA_001686, circRNA_38550, and circRNA_27938. Predicted target genes and a circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA regulatory network were constructed. Additionally, four circRNAs (circRNA_38548, circRNA_38550, and circRNA_001686) were identified to contribute to abnormal endometrial receptivity by regulating genes such as Lifr, FOXK1, FOXO1, HOXA10, through interactions with miRNAs. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involving these circRNAs.
Global and regional climate in 2022
Authors: Dunn Robert J. H. , Sandford Caroline , Kendon Mike , Morice Colin P. , Kennedy John J. , Rayner Nick A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConcentrations of greenhouse gases reached record levels in 2022 and energy continued to accumulate in the climate system. Despite the cooling influence of ongoing La Niña conditions, globally 2022 was the fifth or sixth warmest year on record. We give a summary of the global climate with a focus on the United Kingdom and Europe. Notably, the United Kingdom had its warmest year on record, including a brief record‐breaking heatwave in which multiple stations exceeded 40°C for the first time. The previous maximum temperature record of the United Kingdom was surpassed by the considerable margin of 1.6 degC on 19 July.