bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vorticity–velocity–pressure formulation for the Stokes problem
Authors: Dubois François 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe present a new variational formulation of Stokes problem of fluid mechanics that allows to take into account very general boundary conditions for velocity, tangential vorticity or pressure. This formulation conducts a well posed mathematical problem in a family of particular cases. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Negative index of refraction and distributed Bragg reflectors
Authors: Gerardin Jaline , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe Bragg regime shifts when conventional materials in a multilayer distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) are replaced by artificial materials with the so‐called negative index of refraction. This provides an avenue for characterizing the latter class of materials. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 409–411, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10478
Convergence studies of plane‐wave spectral expansion technique for analyzing truncated frequency‐selective surfaces
Authors: Prakash V. V. S. , Mittra Raj 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this Letter, the problem of scattering from truncated frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) has been analyzed by using the plane‐wave spectral (PWS) expansion technique. The scattered electric and magnetic fields from the structure are computed for each spectral component, and are then superimposed to obtain the total fields. The convergence of various electrical characteristics has been studied as a function of the number of terms used in the expansion. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the technique by comparing them with those derived by using the rigorous moment‐method analysis. In addition, the computational advantages of the PWS method, in terms of CPU time and memory requirements, are pointed out. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 417–421, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10481
GaAs MESFET rf I‐V curve through unique determination of small‐signal circuit parameters from measured S parameters
Authors: Meng C. C. , Huang G. H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA method to uniquely determine each small signal circuit element from measured S parameters is used to obtain the rf I‐V curve for uniform‐doped MESFETs. No dc measurement is needed in this method. The resulting rf I‐V curve differs from the static dc I‐V curve and is useful to predict rf performance. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 426–427, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10483
FDTD modeling and validation of EM survey tools
Authors: Johnson David , Furse Cynthia , Tripp Alan C. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAccurate finite‐difference–time‐domain (FDTD) modeling of loop‐type sources using a modified source term is described and validated by comparison with an analytical solution in a resistive whole space. This demonstrates that the FDTD method provides good accuracy a few cells beyond the source but is slightly inaccurate very near the source. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 427–429, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10484
Dual‐feeding active integrated antenna for dual‐resonant structure
Authors: Lee Byoung Moo , Kim Hyungrak , Kwon Sewoong , Yoon Youngjoong 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe proposed dual‐feeding active integrated antenna suppresses the third harmonics and isolates the Tx signal at the Rx ports to a high degree. The characteristics of the measured results are provided and the transmitted output power of the 2 × 2 array for the spatial power combining effect is calculated. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 435–437, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10487
Simulation of multiple composite coatings based on conducting plate and investigation of microwave reflectivity
Authors: Cao Maosheng , Zhu Jing , Yuan Jie , Peng Zhihui , Xiao Gang 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA simulation of radar absorbing materials (RAM) with multiple composite coatings is given, including theory, methodology, and techniques. To illustrate the theory and method of multiple composite coatings, the basic tracking calculation method and pure‐shape optimum are also introduced. In addition, the simulation process and examples with multiple coatings are described. Experimental results show that the simulation is effective, and the multiple coatings provide considerable microwave absorption. The multiple coatings used are types of broadband coatings. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 442–445, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10489
A novel electromagnetic band‐gap (EBG) structure with one cell with the use of properties of a microstrip open‐loop resonator
Authors: Görür Adnan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA novel EBG structure is proposed for a tunable and wide stop band (band gap). Although the proposed EBG, which consists of two microstrip open‐loop resonators located back to back, has only one unit cell inserted into the microstrip; it produces the characteristics of the general EBG structure, that is, slow wave and wide band gap. Simulations and measurements have shown that the stop‐band center frequency and the bandwidth of stop band depend on the widths of strips of the proposed EBG. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 454–459, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10493
Dual‐port dual‐polarized microstrip antenna
Authors: Kundukulam Sona O. , Paulson Manju , Aanandan C. K. , Mohanan P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractExperimental and simulated results for a dual‐port dual‐polarized microstrip antenna are presented. The antenna excites two orthogonally polarized resonant frequencies providing an isolation of ∼30 dB between the ports. The patch geometry consists of two circular arcs of different radii with their centers displaced by a distance. This new design offers an area reduction of ∼70% compared to a standard rectangular microstrip antenna with a reduction in gain of 1.7 dB. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 459–460, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10494
Tunnel‐based artificial neural network technique to calculate the resonant frequency of a thick‐substrate microstrip antenna
Authors: Pattnaik Shyam S. , Panda Dhruba C. , Devi S. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe mathematical formulation of empirically developed formulas for the calculation of the resonant frequency of a thick‐substrate (h ≥ 0.08151λ0) microstrip antenna has been analyzed. With the use of tunnel‐based artificial neural networks (ANNs), the resonant frequency of antennas with h satisfying the thick‐substrate condition are calculated and compared with the existing experimental results and also with the simulation results obtained with the use of an IE3D software package. The artificial neural network results are in very good agreement with the experimental results. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 460–462, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10495
Autotuning technique to reach resonance for determining the properties of Ni‐Zn and Mn‐Zn ferrite used in RF inductors for EMI suppression
Authors: Zhang Daming , Li Erping , Foo CF 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA resonant method with autotuning technique to measure the losses is presented. The properties of Ni‐Zn and Mn‐Zn ferrite used in RF inductors can be determined. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 466–469, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10497
Design and fabrication of a planar inverted‐F antenna for the wireless LAN in the 5‐GHz band
Authors: Kim Yongjin , Lee Sangseol 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA compact, lightweight, and low‐cost planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) for wireless LAN communication in the 5‐GHz band is designed. The antenna is designed with the use of the IE3D, a simulation tool by Zeland, Inc. The rectangular planar element of the standard type PIFA is modified as a L‐shape element to increase the spatial efficiency. The characteristics of the implemented antenna are measured and analyzed. The antenna is resonated at 5.25 GHz, and its bandwidth is about 580 MHz under the condition of VSWR ≤ 1.5. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 469–475, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10498
Application of a novel CFIE for electromagnetic scattering by dielectric objects
Authors: Ylä‐Oijala Pasi 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this Letter a new type of combined field integral equation (CFIE) is proposed and applied for electromagnetic scattering by three‐dimensional dielectric objects of arbitrary shape. In this formulation, traditional CFIE is applied outside the object, and inside the object the electric and magnetic field integral equations are combined by changing their roles. This formulation gives a more stable solution than the traditional CFIE when the method of moments with Galerkin's type testing and RWG functions is applied. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 3–5, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10500
An efficient technique for analyzing multiple frequency‐selective‐surface screens with dissimilar periods
Authors: Prakash V. V. S. , Mittra Raj 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis Letter presents an efficient technique for analyzing multiple frequency‐selective surfaces (FSSs) with noncommensurate periodicities based on the discrete plane‐wave spectrum (DPWS) expansion method. In this method, the tangential electric fields at the interfaces of the screens are first expanded in a set of transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves, and the responses of the individual FSS screens are derived for each of these waves. The transmission and reflection characteristics of the composite structure are then computed in an iterative manner, circumventing the need for matrix inversions, which can be extremely expensive in terms of CPU time and memory for noncommensurate FSSs. Representative numerical examples are presented to illustrate the computational advantage gained by using the proposed approach as opposed to the conventional generalized scattering matrix technique. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 23–27, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10506
Numerical method for dispersion calculation and effect of index imperfection on dispersion in single‐mode fibers
Authors: Meher H. , Hosain S. I. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA simple numerical method has been proposed to compute dispersion for single‐mode graded‐index fibers with power law profile. The results so obtained are in excellent agreement with those obtained by more complicated methods proposed earlier. It has been shown that there two core radii exist at which dispersion becomes zero. With this method the effect of on‐axis dip on these two zero‐dispersion core radii have been investigated. A recently proposed single‐parameter variational approximation for the LP01 mode has also been utilized to study these effects. The results obtained by the variational method are in excellent agreement with those obtained from the proposed numerical method. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 27–33, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10507
A study of laser SNR in an erbium‐doped fiber laser subject to external injection
Authors: Teyo T. C. , Mohd Shah N. S. , Ahmad H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractVariation of laser signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in an erbium‐doped fiber‐ring laser system subject to external injection is presented. Laser SNR is found to be dependent not only on the injected power, but also on the amplification characteristic over the entire amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) bandwidth. Both laser SNR and injected power as a function of the signal detuning show an inverse relation with the ASE spectral profile. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 40–42, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10509
Microwave characteristics of long TWPDs for high‐power operation
Authors: Kong Soon‐Cheol , Yoon Sang‐Jun , Choi Young‐Wan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractMicrowave characteristics of traveling‐wave photodetectors (TWPD) calculated with the use of the finite‐difference–time‐domain (FDTD) method are presented. When a TWPD is long for high‐power operation, microwave loss affects the bandwidth. This article presents a design guide for microwave characteristics for long TWPDs. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 51–54, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10513
High‐performance micromachined tapered spiral inductors with resonant frequency of 17 GHz
Authors: Lin Yo‐Sheng , Hsu Heng‐Ming 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA 4.5‐turn spiral inductor with tapered Cu metal width (ΔW = 3 μm) fabricated on normal silicon substrate (∼750 μm) exhibited a high quality factor of 9.68 at 2.0 GHz, which is 18.8% higher than that (8.15) of a 4.5‐turn spiral inductor with comparable outer dimension and equal Cu metal width fabricated on the same substrate. This phenomenon results from an effectively smaller series resistance of the tapered spiral inductor structure due to smaller eddy current effect. In addition, if the silicon substrate of the 4.5‐turn tapered spiral inductor (ΔW = 3 μm) is thinned down to about 22 μm by micro‐machined method, the quality factor and resonant frequency can be greatly improved to 15.6 and 17 GHz, respectively. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 56–60, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10515
The influence of the time step on the numerical dispersion error of an unconditionally stable 3‐D ADI‐FDTD method: A simple and unified approach to determine the maximum allowable time step required by a desired numerical dispersion accuracy
Authors: Zhao Anping 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper, by analyzing the numerical dispersion property of an unconditionally stable three‐dimensional alternating direction implicit finite‐difference time‐domain (ADI‐FDTD) method, the influence of the time steps on the numerical dispersion error of the method is investigated. It is demonstrated that, to keep the numerical dispersion error of the method within a certain level of accuracy, an upper limit for the time step allowed to be used in the method exists and it can be theoretically determined. Particularly, in order to systematically determine the upper limit for the computational domain meshed with arbitrary uniform and non‐uniform grids, a special strategy used to divide Yee's cells into different categories is developed. Subsequently, a simple and unified approach for determining the maximum allowable time steps (i.e., the upper limits) from a desired numerical dispersion accuracy is proposed. Most importantly, with the help of the proposed approach, the maximum allowable time steps can be simply and easily determined once the meshing of structures (meshed with either uniform or non‐uniform grids) is known, i.e., without carrying out any real ADI‐FDTD simulations for the structures. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 60–65, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10516
A fast analysis of microwave devices by the combined unifrontal/multifrontal solver for unsymmetric sparse matrices
Authors: Chen R. S. , Wang D. X. , Yung Edward K. N. , Jin J. M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe multifrontal method is applied for solving a large, sparse, and unsymmetric system of linear equations resulting from the use of the edge‐based finite‐element method (FEM). The finite‐element method combined with perfectly matched layers (PML) is given for simulation of microwave devices, and the combined algorithm of the multifrontal method is described. The electrical characteristics of typical waveguide devices such as the ferrite phase shifter and circulator are analyzed, and the calculated results are compared with those obtained from the literature. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of the multifrontal method, the computational time is compared with that of both successive overrelaxation (SOR) preconditioned conjugate‐gradient (PCG) and conjugate‐gradient methods (CG) for the phase shifter. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 76–81, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10521
Nonrepetition of differential phase shift of latching ferrite phase shifter
Authors: Che Wenquan , Yung Edward K. N. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA phenomenon called nonrepetition of differential phase shift in several latching ferrite phase shifters has been investigated. The relationship between the remanent magnetic strength (4πMr) and the bias magnetic field (H0) has been studied. It has been revealed that the slope of the initial section of the curve (4πMr ∼ H0) severely affects the repetition of the differential phase shift. In addition, a physical explanation is given and measurements used to solve the problem have been presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 35: 81–85, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10522
Erratum to “The hybrid FEM‐MoL approach for the analysis of scattering problems”
Authors: Xiao Ying , Lu Yilong 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe addresss for Ying Xiao in the above article was incomplete. The entire address appears below. We apologize for the omission.Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Science Park Road, #01‐01 The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park 2, Singapore 117528
Interventions for anemia in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Ruggiero Antonio , Riccardi Riccardo 
Published: September 2002

AbstractBackgroundChildren with cancer frequently develop anemia both from the disease and from chemo‐ and radiotherapy. Considered a manageable complication, anemia is often not treated until it becomes severe, i.e., hemoglobin (Hb) level ≤ 7 g/dL. The most frequent treatment employed for anemia in children with cancer is blood transfusion.Procedure and ResultsA retrospective survey of 74 children demonstrated that the use of blood transfusions increased as the intensity of therapy increased. At least one blood transfusion was administered to 12.5% of children who received standard chemotherapy, and to 59.5% of children who received intensive chemotherapy. These data also show that a substantial percentage of children did not receive treatment for intensive or high‐dose chemotherapy, whereas anemia occurred in almost all patients. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO, epoetin alfa) has been shown to be effective in adults in increasing Hb levels and in improving outcomes, including quality of life and survival. The use of epoetin alfa in children has not been extensively studied, and only a few clinical trials have been conducted.ConclusionsThe good results seen in adults, data thus far in pediatrics, and the need for alternatives to transfusions in children make epoetin alfa an attractive treatment option for anemia in pediatric cancer patients. Clinical studies are underway to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epoetin alfa in increasing Hb values and improving outcomes in children with cancer. Med Pediatr Oncol 2002;39:451–454. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine structure of leydig and sertoli cells in the testis of immature and mature spotted ray Torpedo marmorata
Authors: Marina Prisco , Annamaria Liguoro , Barbara D'onghia , Loredana Ricchiari , Piero Andreuccetti , Francesco Angelini 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAn ultrastructural investigation revealed the presence of true Leydig cells in the testis of sexually mature specimens of Torpedo marmorata. They showed the typical organization of steroid‐hormone‐producing cells, which, however, changed as spermatocysts approached maturity. In fact, they appeared as active cells among spermatocysts engaged in spermatogenesis, while in regions where spermiation occurred, they progressively regressed resuming the fibroblastic organization typically present in the testis of immature specimens. Such observations strongly suggest that these cells might be engaged in steroidogenesis and actively control spermatogenesis. Sertoli cells, too, appeared to play a role in spermatogenesis control, since, like Leydig cells, they showed the typical aspect of steroidogenic cells. In addition, the presence of gap junctions between Sertoli cells suggests that their activity might be coordinated. After sperm release, most Sertoli cells were modified and, finally, degenerated, but few of them changed into round cells (cytoplasts) or round cell remnants, which continued their steroidogenic activity within the spermatocyst and the genital duct lumen. From the present observations, it can be reasonably concluded that, in T. marmorata, spermatogenesis depends on both Leydig and Sertoli cells, and, as postulated by Callard (1991), in cartilaginous fish, the function of the Leydig cells as producers of steroids might be more recent and subsequent to that of Sertoli cells. In this regard, it is noteworthy that, in immature males, when Leydig cells showed a fibroblastic organization, Sertoli cells already displayed the typical organization of a steroidogenic cell Mol. Reprod. Dev. 63: 192–201, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of β‐endorphin and Naloxone on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes
Authors: Dell'Aquila M.E. , Casavola V. , Reshkin S.J. , Albrizio M. , Guerra L. , Maritato F. , Minoia P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractBovine cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) and mural granulosa cells express the mRNA coding for the μ‐opioid receptor. The addition of β‐endorphin (β‐end) to oocytes cultured in hormonally‐supplemented in vitro maturation (IVM) medium had no effect on the rates of oocytes reaching the metaphase II (MII) stage, but significantly decreased the maturation rate (P < 0.05) and arrested oocytes at metaphase I (MI) after culture in hormone‐free medium (P < 0.001). Naloxone (Nx) reverted this inhibitory effect of β‐end. Moreover, Nx “per se” showed a dose‐dependent dual effect. When added at high concentration (10−3 M), it significantly reduced the rate of oocytes in MII (P < 0.001), thus increasing the rate of oocytes arrested in MI. However, Nx added at low concentration (10−8 M) significantly increased oocyte maturation (P < 0.001). High concentration of Nx induced an increase in both intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and in the activity of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) also called extracellular‐regulated kinase (ERK) in cumulus cells of bovine COCs. Blocking the rise in [Ca2+]i with the calcium chelator acetoxymethylester‐derived form of bis (o‐aminophenoxy) ethane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid (BAPTA‐AM) reversed the Nx‐dependent inhibition of meiotic maturation observed at high Nx concentrations. Whereas blocking ERK with the MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, PD98059, had no effect on this process. Therefore, we concluded that the μ‐opioid receptor, by inducing [Ca2+]i increase, participates in the cumulus‐oocyte coupled signaling associated with oocyte maturation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 63: 210–222, © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.