bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the FAIRness of Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Registries: a Comparative Analysis of Data Dictionaries from the UK, Germany, France, Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden
Authors: Torensma Bart , Hany Mohamed , Fink Jodok M. , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Liem Ronald S. L. , Lazzati Andrea , Pattou François , Ottosson Johan , Kersloot Martijn G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This study is part of an initiative to improve the FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) of metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) registries globally. It explores the extent to which European registry data can be manually integrated without first making them FAIR and assesses these registries’ current level of FAIRness. The findings establish a baseline for evaluation and provide recommendations to enhance MBS data management practices.

Methods
Data dictionaries from five national MBS registries in Germany, France, the Netherlands, the UK, and a combined registry for Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden) were evaluated regarding their ability to manually integrate registry datasets with one another. The FAIR Data Maturity Model from the Research Data Alliance (RDA) FAIR Data Maturity Model Working Group was used to assess the FAIRness of both metadata and data of the registries.

Results
The registries showed significant variability in variables and coding structures, with inconsistent numerical formats and without linkage to international standards such as SNOMED CT, LOINC, or NCIt, making data integration labor-intensive and assumption-heavy. Despite the presence of data dictionaries, all registries failed the FAIR assessment because machine-readable data was unavailable, and only human-readable metadata was available in the form of data dictionaries in a spreadsheet.

Conclusion
Our study reveals significant inconsistencies in data structuring and a failure to comply with the FAIR Principles, which limit effective data analysis and comparison. This emphasizes the critical need for standardized data management practices. We recommend four next steps to improve the FAIRness of MBS registries: (1) annotate data elements using standardized terminology systems, (2) deposit registry-level metadata in a repository, (3) request globally unique and persistent identifiers for datasets, and (4) define access restrictions.
New Insights into Ruling Out Internal Herniations After Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass on the Abdominal CT Scan: The OPERATE study
Authors: Vink Marjolein R. A. , Hutten Barbara A. , van Olst Nienke , de Vet Sterre C. P. , Nieuwdorp Max , van de Laar Arnold W. , Tielbeek Jeroen A. W. , Gerdes Victor E. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Internal herniation (IH) is a potentially life-threatening complication after gastric bypass. Accurate diagnosis of IH remains challenging. This study aims to validate the Eindhoven2020 (EHV20) scoring system for ruling out IH and seeks to improve its diagnostic accuracy through additional radiologic parameters.

Methods
Patients participating in a prospective study on abdominal pain after gastric bypass surgery were selected if a CT scan was performed. CT scans were scored following the EHV20 scoring system containing ten signs of IH to confirm the individual and collective accuracy of these signs. Also, we evaluated the diagnostic value of additional radiologic parameters: delayed passage of contrast, dilated intestinal loops, and free fluid.

Results
A total of 375 patients with abdominal pain were included. IH was confirmed during laparoscopy in 27 patients. On CT, the highest sensitivity was achieved by the swirl sign (66.7%) and the highest specificity by a small bowel behind the superior mesenteric artery (99.7%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) based on the EHV20 scoring system for ruling out IH was 0.845 (95% CI 0.730–0.959). The AUC could be improved to 0.905 (95% CI 0.825–0.985) (p = 0.088) through the incorporation of several additional signs. Overall, this new scoring system included swirl sign, small bowel obstruction, enlarged nodes, venous congestion, mesenteric edema, dilated alimentary or biliary loop, free fluid, and backward flow in the biliary loop with possible backflow in the residual stomach.

Conclusions
Incorporation of additional CT signs into an existing scoring system can help clinicians to safely rule out IH in patients with abdominal pain after bariatric surgery.
7 Jahre Ambulante Suchtbehandlungen im strafrechtlich angeordneten Maßnahmenvollzug in Zürich – eine Bilanz
Authors: Sieben Robert A. , Brackmann Nathalie , Habermeyer Elmar , Höfer Friederike X. E. 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
In der Debatte um die Unzulänglichkeiten des aktuellen deutschen Rechtsrahmens bezüglich des § 64 des deutschen Strafgesetzbuches zeigen die in der Schweiz neben der stationären forensischen Suchtbehandlung bereits etablierten ambulanten Suchtmaßnahmen einen möglichen Reformansatz auf. Obgleich suchtpsychiatrische ambulante Therapien empirisch als effektiv und kosteneffizient gelten, konnten die Schweizer Fortschritte in der ambulanten Behandlung abhängigkeitserkrankter RechtsbrecherInnen bisher aufgrund geringer Fallzahlen nicht bzw. nur unzureichend evaluiert werden.
Der vorliegende Artikel stellt die Behandlungsdaten von 7 Jahren (Vollerhebung mit n = 76 PatientInnen) suchtspezifischer, forensischer Behandlung des Spezialangebots Ambulante Suchtmaßnahmen der Forensischen Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie in Zürich im Hinblick auf Demografie, protektive Faktoren, psychiatrische Vorgeschichte, Belastung mit forensisch relevanten Risikofaktoren, juristische Rahmenbedingungen, Delinquenz, Behandlungsverlauf sowie Schwierigkeiten in der Behandlung und Redelinquenz vor.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Behandlung abhängigkeitserkrankter RechtsbrecherInnen in einem ambulanten forensischen Setting mit einer suchtspezifischen und forensischen Expertise sinnvoll und möglich ist – selbst bei einer schwer belasteten Klientel. Ein solches Angebot bietet die Möglichkeit einer alltagsnäheren und damit auch tragfähigeren Einbeziehung protektiver Faktoren sowie die parallele Etablierung von struktur- und stabilitätfördernden Elementen vor dem Hintergrund individueller Lebenswelten.
Breaking barriers: assessing the influence of female directors on financial performance beyond the boardroom
Authors: Garcia-Blandon Josep , Argilés-Bosch Josep Maria , Ravenda Diego , Castillo-Merino David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The persistent under representation of women in executive committees continues to challenge gender equality in corporate leadership. Legislative interventions promoting gender quotas have led to improvements in boardroom gender diversity but have fallen short in addressing executive committee imbalances. This study investigates the impact of women’s inclusion in executive committees on financial performance. Spanning large European corporations from 2015 to 2022, a difference-in-differences approach coupled with fixed effects estimations evaluates whether firms that incorporated women into these committees exhibited greater performance improvements compared to those maintaining all-male executive compositions. Contrary to expectations, the findings reveal a lack of positive influence on financial performance metrics, showcasing negative effects on accounting-based indicators. Notably, higher female representation in the executive committee, beyond critical mass, fails to alter financial performance. Furthermore, the study dismisses the notion that the level of gender equality in a firm’s country of origin moderates this relationship. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Forest canopy cover estimation with machine learning using GEDI and Landsat data in the Western Marmara Region, Türkiye
Authors: Seyrek Eren Can , Narin Omer Gokberk , Uysal Murat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Forests play a crucial role in carbon dioxide absorption, biodiversity preservation, and climate regulation. Timely and precise maps detailing tree cover attributes are vital tools for the fields of environmental research and natural resource management. This study addresses the challenge of accurately estimating forest canopy cover by integrating Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) and Landsat data in the Eastern Marmara Region of Türkiye. Despite the advancements in remote sensing technologies such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and optical sensors, and the importance of forest canopy cover in assessing forest health and carbon stocks, there is limited research on utilizing spaceborne GEDI Level 2B data for forest canopy cover mapping. Six different machine learning methods were employed, namely Classification and Regression Trees (CART), Categorical Boosting (CTB), Light Gradient Boosting Machines (LGBM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), to generate forest canopy cover maps using Landsat 8 and 9 satellite images with a variety of vegetation indices and texture features. Model performances were evaluated using metrics such as R2, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Median Absolute Error (MdAE), with statistical significance assessed via Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. The results of the tests indicated that the XGB (R2 = 0.5570, RMSE = 0.1603, MdAE = 0.0885) and RF (R2 = 0.5497, RMSE = 0.1617, MdAE = 0.0896) algorithms, which were trained with GEDI Level 2B data, provided greater accuracy in forest canopy cover estimation compared to the other algorithms. This study offers insight into the prediction performance of GEDI Level 2B spaceborne LiDAR data in conjunction with XGB and RF algorithms for forest canopy cover estimation and underscores the significance of integrating advanced remote sensing data for forest monitoring.
Nano-coating with silicon dioxide to reduce the occurrence of bacterial contamination in a pig abattoir drinking system
Authors: Buder Celine , Langkabel Nina , Kirse Alina , Kalusa Mirjam , Fietz Simone A. , Meemken Diana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A recently discovered source for infection of slaughter pigs, and thus entry for bacteria into the food chain, is the installed drinking equipment in lairage pens of pig abattoirs. To mitigate this, nano-coating of stainless steel, currently used in human medicine fields as well as in other parts of the food chain, appears as promising technology. In this study, silicon dioxide nano-coating was applied to six drinkers and installed for one and three months in a lairage of a pig abattoir, while results were compared with those of drinkers that had not been nano-coated. Laboratory examination of eight sample types related to the drinkers was conducted for total aerobic plate count, Enterobacteriaceae count, Pseudomonas spp. count, Salmonella presence, pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica presence, Listeria monocytogenes presence and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus presence. The nipple drinker, which the pigs take into their mouth for drinking, was then examined using scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. The nano-coating did not produce statistically significant reductions in the loads or presence of these bacteria compared to the same but uncoated drinking equipment used under the same conditions. Further studies should focus on the implementation of combined methods, such as nano-coating and sanitary treatment, as well as modifications to the coating itself, to produce meaningful reductions of the bacterial loads on/in abattoir lairage drinking equipment.
Checklist of tardigrades in Germany as a contribution to biodiversity research
Authors: Schuster Rolf , Schill Ralph O. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over 250 years ago Johann August Ephraim Goeze, a Protestant pastor from Quedlinburg, Germany, discovered the first tardigrade. The German physiologist and anatomist Carl August Sigismund Schultze (1795–1877) later named the first species Macrobiotus hufelandi C.A.S. Schultze, 1834, a designation that remains valid today. By the first third of the twentieth century numerous new species had been discovered in Germany and were comprehensively compiled for the first time by the German zoologist Ernst Marcus in 1936. Since then additional faunistic studies have been conducted. This new checklist of tardigrades in Germany provides an overview of all known species found in the country to date. It includes 91 limno-terrestrial or limnic species and eight marine species, with 21 belonging to Heterotardigrada and 78 to Eutardigrada. Germany is the type locality (terra typica) for 24 tardigrade species. The number of identified tardigrade species varies significantly depending on the extent of studies conducted in different federal states. Baden-Württemberg has the highest number of species identified, with 80 species recorded across eleven studies. In this state the Black Forest, with its remarkable diversity of 72 identified tardigrade species is one of the most intensively studied regions worldwide. In Hesse 30 species have been recorded from five studies, while Berlin has documented 23 species from two studies. Fewer species have been reported from other federal states. The 99 tardigrade species identified in Germany represent about 7% of the total 1,488 described tardigrade species worldwide.
Investigating Fuel Efficiency of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Platooning Using a CFD Model
Authors: Kim EunRyoung , Kang Yeri , Hwang Ha , Kim Jae-Jin , Song Chang-Keun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Platooning represents a crucial strategy for mitigating emissions from heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). This study evaluates the effects of platoon composition on the surrounding airflow utilizing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, and quantifies the resultant fuel efficiency and CO2 emissions. This study examines fuel consumption data reconstructed from field experiments to validate the CFD model’s ability to accurately simulate drag forces within a homogeneous three-truck platoon. The potential for fuel savings was assessed based on CFD-simulated fuel consumption, taking into account various inter-vehicle distances and driving speeds. The model successfully reproduced the fuel consumption observed in a platooning formation comprising lead, middle, and trailing trucks, with an error margin below 6.2%. Fuel consumption analysis shows that while lead and middle trucks consume more fuel with increased inter-vehicle distances, the trailing truck's consumption decreases at specific distance-to-length ratios (D/L), increasing again beyond a D/L of 1.1. Additionally, a significant decrease in total fuel efficiency was noted for D/L ratios exceeding 1.5. Considering the diverse platooning scenarios analyzed, the study anticipates an annual reduction of up to 7 tons of CO2 equivalent per vehicle. By optimizing platooning configurations, this research contributes to enhancing fuel efficiency and reducing emissions from HDVs.
Examining the Australian educational landscape of differentiation through document analysis
Authors: Scarparolo Gemma , Porta Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Teachers in Australia have the professional responsibility to differentiate teaching to meet the needs of students across the full range of abilities. However, it is often reported that there is a need for greater definitional clarity of the term differentiation to support teachers’ understanding and implementation. In this article, we examine differentiation in the context of Australian education with a focus on how differentiation is communicated to school leaders and teachers. A document analysis tool was utilised to review publicly available documents from 2008 to 2024 to establish how differentiation is communicated to school leaders and teachers in Australia. The analysis of 60 documents revealed that the nomenclature and definition of differentiation is varied and that there is a strong need to provide a nationally consistent definition and distinction between the term adjustments (used in Australian disability legislation), and differentiation as distinctly different approaches to addressing the diverse needs of all students, and not just for students with disability as it currently being positioned in many educational documents. Three recommendations are presented that have implications for Standard 1.5 of the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers, and other national documentation.
Counterexamples to regularities for the derivative processes associated to stochastic evolution equations
Authors: Hefter Mario , Jentzen Arnulf , Kurniawan Ryan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the recent years there has been an increased interest in studying regularity properties of the derivatives of semilinear parabolic stochastic evolution equations (SEEs) with respect to their initial values. In particular, in the scientific literature it has been shown for every natural number

$$n\in {\mathbb {N}}$$

n
∈
N

that if the nonlinear drift coefficient and the nonlinear diffusion coefficient of the considered SEE are n-times continuously Fréchet differentiable, then the solution of the considered SEE is also n-times continuously Fréchet differentiable with respect to its initial value and the corresponding derivative processes satisfy a suitable regularity property in the sense that the n-th derivative process can be extended continuously to n-linear operators on negative Sobolev-type spaces with regularity parameters

$$\delta _1,\delta _2,\ldots ,\delta _n\in [0,\infty )$$

δ
1

,

δ
2

,
…
,

δ
n

∈

[
0
,
∞
)

provided that the condition

$$ \sum ^n_{i=1} \delta _i < \nicefrac {1}{2} $$

∑

i
=
1

n

δ
i

<

1
2

is satisfied. The main contribution of this paper is to reveal that this condition can essentially not be relaxed.
Shape Memory Alloys for Reversible Restoration of Ancient Monuments
Authors: Del Core Lucia , Attolico Michele Angelo , Moramarco Vincenzo , Casavola Caterina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The preservation of ancient structures through anastylosis requires methods that are both effective and reversible, while also preserving architectural integrity. Recent research into shape memory alloys (SMAs) offers a promising solution for reversible restoration, thanks to their ability to return to a predefined shape when exposed to thermal or mechanical triggers. However, challenges, such as cost, feasibility, and repeatability persist. This study focuses on characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of Nitinol SMAs under various conditions, with the aim of developing functional SMA devices for restoring monumental elements at the Valle dei Templi archeological site in Agrigento, Italy. The prototype’s superelastic properties and shape memory effects will be assessed to determine its effectiveness and applicability in different operational scenarios. This evaluation is grounded in a comprehensive analysis of the site's environmental conditions and an assessment of the alloy’s thermomechanical properties. By integrating SMAs into restoration efforts, the research aims to establish a methodology for creating reversible, replicable solutions that adhere to the principles of structural conservation.
Influence of Laser-Induced Surface Modifications on the Fatigue Behavior of SMA Wire Actuators
Authors: Marx Jan , Schmelter Tobias , Schuleit Marvin , Haske Damian , Stötzel Nicole , Frenzel Jan , Eggeler Gunther , Kuhlenkötter Bernd , Esen Cemal , Ostendorf Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ultrashort pulse lasers are common tools for surface structuring and marking of components. However, even finest structures generated by ultrashort laser processes may affect the mechanical properties of components. In the present work, the effects of laser-induced surface modifications on the fatigue behavior of pickled nickel titanium shape memory wires are investigated. Ultrafast Bessel beams have been utilized to create small microstructure-covered grooves on a defined area on the wire’s shell surface. Subsequently, the wires underwent fatigue testing until failure. The impact of laser processing on fatigue behavior and the resulting fracture surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that laser defects generated with low fluences have a negligible impact on fatigue lives, as microcracks, which may cause failure, typically initiate at other more severe types of surface defects. However, we identified certain laser scanning strategies and other conditions like increased fluences, which can affect wire surface regions to become prone to fatigue crack initiation, resulting in reduced service lives.
Multi-Stage Learning for Intuitive Visualization of Microcystic Macular Edema in OCT Images
Authors: Vidal Plácido , de Moura Joaquim , Novo Jorge , Ortega Marcos 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Detecting and monitoring Microcystic Macular Edema (MME) in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images is vital for early diagnosis of Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. However, detecting MME remains challenging due to its fuzzy boundaries and diffuse nature. In this work, we propose a novel fully-automatic methodology based on multi-stage regional learning to successfully detect and visualize MME in OCT images.

Methods
Our work is divided into two main stages: the first stage coarsely identifies general DME accumulations in the innermost retinal layers. On the other hand, the second stage precisely detects MME within the reduced search space. These detections are then used to generate intuitive confidence maps.

Results
Our approach achieves a mean confidence of 0.9618 ± 0.0518 per MME pixel, demonstrating consistent and strong detections. This robust methodology facilitates early diagnosis of MME, independent of clinicians’ subjectivity, and has the potential to significantly impact the quality of life of patients.

Conclusion
Our work represents a significant advancement in the automatic analysis of complex retinal pathologies. Source code is available at: https://github.com/PlacidoFranciscoLizancosVidal/Microcysts_paper_code.
The Role of a Minimum Income Scheme on Happiness among Italian Household Beneficiaries
Authors: Prati Gabriele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigated whether the introduction of a form of minimum income scheme targeted to poor and socially excluded households in Italy (i.e., Citizenship Income or Reddito di Cittadinanza) increased subjective well-being among household beneficiaries. In the current research, data from the last two waves (2016, before the adoption of Citizenship Income, and 2021, after its adoption) of the Survey on Household Income and Wealth of the Bank of Italy were used. Specifically, data from 2,283 participants who were interviewed in both waves were included in the analysis. Participants were asked to report their overall happiness and whether or not their household received the Citizenship Income. A mixed ANOVA revealed that, after controlling for relevant covariates, happiness improved following the adoption of Citizenship Income among beneficiaries. However, this increase was less marked or absent among non-beneficiaries. A difference-in-difference framework combined with a kernel-based propensity score matching was used to increase the robustness of the estimation of causal effects. This additional analysis confirmed that Citizenship Income beneficiaries reported a statistically significant increase in overall happiness in comparison to non-beneficiaries. Overall, the findings demonstrate that income schemes have the potential to increase subjective well-being among household beneficiaries.