bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Integration of a Service Robot and a Communication Application into a Nursing Isolation Setting – An Observational Study Evaluating Walking Distances, Stress and Radiation Doses
Authors: Warmbein Angelika , Sehn Laura , Rathgeber Ivanka , Seif Janesca , Ohneberg Christoph , Stöbich Nicole , Delker Astrid , Zach Christian , Eberl Inge , Fischer Uli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Nurses spend a significant proportion of a workday on non-nursing or auxiliary tasks, mainly due to the unilateral patient call system. This leads to work interruptions, a decrease in quality of care and stress for nurses. One approach for relieving nurses is the integration of new technologies. We performed an interventional study for seven months in a nuclear medicine station in a maximum care hospital, where we integrated a smartphone app for patient-staff communication in combination with a service robot for delivery of non-nursing and service items and evaluated the effects on walking distances and stress. We also examined the radiation dose to the nursing staff. To this purpose, we observed nurses at nine different time points for six shifts to measure walking distances and interruptions. Additionally, nurses and service personnel completed a questionnaire adapted from the NASA RAW TLX at the end of each shift to assess stress. Short walking distances accounted for the largest share of the caregivers’ walking distances. There was no direct effect of the technique on stress levels and walking distances, only a shift towards shorter walking distances with longer implementation. The total number of walking distances seemed to be proportional to the feeling of interruption and the individually experienced stress. This first use of the combined technology implementation in the acute clinic worked well. While this work provides an initial indication of where the implementation of this combined technology could potentially relieve the burden on nurses and service staff, further research is needed to establish causal relationships.
IUGS Heritage Stones as Representatives of Geology and Human Culture: Examples from Germany
Authors: Siedel Heiner , Ehling Angela , Ritter-Höll Anette , Wagner H. Wolfgang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) acknowledges building stones that have shaped the national or international building culture as IUGS Heritage Stones (HS). Four German building stones were recently awarded the title. Using the Rochlitz Porphyry Tuff, the Solnhofen Limestone, the Jura Marble Limestone and the German Roofing Slate as examples, geological, cultural and construction as well as extraction aspects of the respective stones are examined. It is demonstrated that these natural stones have significant influence on the character of the relevant cultural landscapes and are – in this or that way – iconic for the German building culture. The relationship between regional geology and regional building culture is highlighted. Furthermore, aspects of IUGS HS designation with respect to education, science and tourism are discussed.
Augmented Green Hydrogen Production at Binary Nickel/Cobalt Oxide Nanostructured Catalyst
Authors: Asal Yaser M. , Salem Fatma Zakaria , Mohammad Ahmad M. , Al-Akraa Islam M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Developing robust, inexpensive, and efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution via water splitting is crucial for the improvement of green hydrogen production technology. Herein, a standard three-electrode system is useful to assess the activity of single and mixed NiOx and CoOx electrocatalysts, assembled onto a glassy carbon (GC) electrode via the electrodeposition technique, toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in an alkaline medium of 0.5 M NaOH. The net results of several electrochemical experiments (linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), current transients (i–t curves), Nyquist and Tafel plots) confirm the superiority of the NiOx/CoOx/GC (binary modified catalyst at which CoOx and NiOx are introduced to the GC surface, respectively) in terms of achieving a higher activity (61.49 mA cm−2 at − 2 V) and stability (ca. 6.8 mA cm−2 after 8 h of continuous electrolysis), a lower charge transfer resistance (R
ct, 21 Ω), and a lower Tafel slope (34 mV/decade) indicating the improved charge transfer mobility and accordingly the fastest kinetics toward HER.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of buthutin derivatives as cardioprotective agents
Authors: Liu Yuan , Wang Fa-Qi , Hua Xin-Hao , Yang Shu-Han , Wang Li-Ning , Xu Yun-Sheng , Shao Chen-Yue , Gou Xiang-Bo , Liu Yu-Ming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Natural products are the important sources in cardiovascular drug development. In this study, twenty-nine buthutin derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their NHE-1 inhibition and protective effects on cardiomyocyte injury. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds had been confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS spectra. Among all target compounds at 1 μM, compounds 9d, 9f, 9k, 9m, and 9n, with a protection ratio exceeding 30%, exerted stronger protective effects on H9c2 cardiomyocyte than positive control dexrazoxane and buthutin A. Meanwhile, compounds 9k, 9m, and 9o showed the significant NHE-1 inhibitory activities on H9c2 cardiomyocyte, all with a dpHi/min value less than 0.23. What is more, compounds 9k, 9m, 9o and buthutin A all exhibited the specificity on NHE-1 inhibition. Molecular modelling studies suggested the ability of compounds 9m and 9o to establish interactions with three hydrogen bonds to Asp267 and Glu346 of NHE-1, but also the ability with much lower CDOCKER energies than positive control cariporide and buthutin A. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies suggested that the presences of amide group, four-carbon linker, and para hydroxyl benzene ring were advantageous pharmacophores for above two pharmacological actions. This research would open new avenues for developing amide-guanidine-based cardioprotective agents.

Graphical Abstract
Development of polyvinyl chloride composites with enhanced mechanical properties using modified ceramic particles
Authors: Ademola Adewumi Ojo , Oladele Isiaka Oluwole , Oluyemi Daramola Ojo , Oke Samuel Ranti , Akinbamiyorin Ilesanmi , Taiwo Annuoluwapo Samuel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The integration of ceramic particles into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites offers a promising approach and has garnered significant attention due to their potential for enhancing mechanical properties. This work investigated the development and characterization of PVC composites enhanced with modified ceramic particles. Ceramic particulates, clays, and other mineral rock materials (non-plastics) with activators were processed and incorporated into the PVC matrix at varying weight percentages (5–30 wt%) and particle sizes (40–80 µm). The ceramic–PVC mixtures were synthesized using hot compression molding under specific conditions of 75 MPa pressure and 160 °C temperature. Mechanical properties’ testing was conducted using ASTM D3039 standards, covering flexural, tensile, hardness, and impact tests for comprehensive characterization. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that ceramic reinforcement significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of PVC composites, with notable improvements in flexural strength, tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance. Moreover, the impact of particle size was crucial, as microstructural analysis revealed improved interfacial bonding between ceramic particles and PVC matrix, particularly with finer particle sizes (40 µm), suggesting better stress transfer. The findings demonstrated that including modified ceramic particles can substantially improve the performance of PVC composites, making them suitable as high-strength construction tiles and impact-resistant flooring.

Graphical abstract
Temporal land use change and its effects on climate in Elmalı basin using GIS and remote sensing
Authors: Eymen A. , Ziyagil H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Land use is vital in sustaining human activities, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions like the Istanbul Metropolitan Area, where large-scale projects such as the Canal Istanbul, Third Airport, and Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge have significantly impacted land use. These developments have driven population growth, leading to unplanned urbanization and environmental degradation, particularly in watersheds. In this study, the Elmalı Basin, a critical water source on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, was analyzed using Landsat-8 satellite imagery with a spatial resolution of 30 m for multispectral bands, covering the years 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020. The results reveal a 36% increase in settlement areas, a decline in forest cover, and an increase in surface runoff from 78.76% in 2013 to 80.56% in 2020, mainly due to unplanned construction and climate changes. Temperature trends from 1979 to 2023 show an increase from 14.7 °C to 16.1 °C, while monthly precipitation anomalies highlight increasing variability in rainfall patterns. Moreover, the frequency distributions of monthly precipitation at the Florya and Göztepe stations show that low-intensity precipitation events are expected. In contrast, high-intensity events are rare, signaling drought and flood risks, which underscore the need for effective water management strategies. This study, which investigates the temporal changes in land use and their effects on climate, is crucial for providing preliminary insights that can inform future planning efforts.
Basisdimensionen der Unterrichtsqualität im Kontext des Erwerbs digitaler Kompetenzen an resilienten Schulen
Authors: Drossel Kerstin , Niemann Jan , Oldak Anna , Eickelmann Birgit 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung stellt Schulen vor Herausforderungen, insbesondere bei der Nutzung digitaler Medien in unterrichtlichen Lehr- und Lernprozessen mit dem Ziel, den (über-) fachlichen Kompetenzerwerb aller Schüler*innen zu unterstützen. Betrachtet man die digitalen Kompetenzen, zeigt sich, dass auch diese sozialen Disparitäten unterliegen. Dennoch lassen sich in ICILS organisational resiliente Schulen identifizieren, deren Schüler*innen trotz herausfordernder Schüler*innenkomposition überdurchschnittliche digitale Kompetenzen erreichen. Studien, die fachspezifische Kompetenzen untersuchen, lassen erkennen, dass organisational resiliente Schulen gemeinsame Merkmale aufweisen. Ein Merkmal, das in diesem Zusammenhang bedeutsam erscheint, ist die Gestaltung von Unterrichtsqualitätsmerkmalen. Digitale Kompetenzen erscheinen diesbezüglich unerforscht, sodass der vorliegende Beitrag mittels Daten aus der BMBF-geförderten qualitativen ICILS-Vertiefungsstudie UneS-ICILS 2018 (Unerwartbar erfolgreiche Schulen im digitalen Wandel) Basisdimensionen von Unterrichtsqualität an resilienten Schulen in Bezug auf digitale Kompetenzen untersucht. Für die Analyse wurden 22 leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Lehrkräften und sieben Gruppeninterviews mit Schüler*innen im Hinblick auf eine ‚effiziente Klassenführung‘, ‚kognitive Aktivierung‘ und ‚konstruktive Unterstützung‘ inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis zeigt die Analyse der Dimension ‚effiziente Klassenführung‘, dass sich u. a. die Organisation und Struktur mittels digitaler Medien wie beispielsweise durch den Einsatz digitaler Lernplattformen als bedeutende Faktoren herausstellen. Hinsichtlich der ‚kognitiven Aktivierung‘ wird der Einsatz digitaler Tools für das Anknüpfen an individuelles Vorwissen als bedeutend hervorgehoben. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich bei der Dimension ‚konstruktive Unterstützung‘ die Förderung des selbstgesteuerten Lernens und das Ausbilden von Unterstützungsstrukturen zum (kooperativen) Lernen mit digitalen Medien als bedeutsam. Induktiv ergänzt wurde die Dimension ‚Inhaltswahl und selektive Fokussierung‘, die die hohe Relevanz des Erwerbs digitaler Kompetenzen im Unterricht an den resilienten Schulen verdeutlicht.
The Intersectionality Between Bi and Multiracial College Students’ Self-identification and Their Behaviors—A Pilot Study
Authors: Braun Robert E. , Morant Jade , Boatright Margaret 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Due to limited information and published research, health disparities among bi and multiracial (B/MR) groups are not as understood as other racial groups. Without this knowledge and ability to allocate resources as needed, this is another racial group that could suffer from poorer health outcomes. As a result, participants (n = 15) were placed in focus groups or individual interviews with ten qualitative questions. Each participant then completed an anonymous quantitative survey assessing their health-related behaviors. Quantitative results included 40% (n = 6) of participants who tried cigarettes, 53% (n = 8) who tried electronic vapor products, and only 20% (n = 3) of participants who got the recommended hours of sleep nightly. Qualitative results include themes of situational identity, White assimilation, and pressure to explain their identity. Many participants dealt with the insensitivity that one side of their family exhibited towards the other side of their identity through inappropriate jokes and comments. Lastly, there were expectations from both family and friends to act a certain way. Researchers identified three major categories that the participant’s influences fell into. Genetics, Culture/Heritage, and the Environment are the aforementioned categories that can work together or stand alone to influence behaviors that can ultimately affect health outcomes. While these results are based on a small sample size (n = 15) of undergraduate B/MR students, it does suggest that researchers should complete a more extensive survey on this racial group to verify these findings.
Investigating the Future Precipitation Changes Over the Kingdom of Bahrain Using CMIP6 Projections
Authors: Drisya J. , Al-Zubari Waleed Khalil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding precipitation projections on the grounds of climate change in arid environments is crucial for water resource planners. This study investigates the behavior of precipitation projections over the Kingdom of Bahrain using six Global Circulation Models (GCMs) from the current Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) archive. The ranking of six GCMs is assessed using a compromise programming technique and validated using a comprehensive rating index. Considering the results from the performance statistics, a multi-model ensemble is made for monthly and annual assessments. The 62-year period (1961–2023) is chosen as the observed data period, and further evaluations were conducted by dividing 46 years into three future periods (near-future (2024–2040), medium-future (2041–2055), and far-future (2056–2070). Precipitation projections indicate a chance of an increase of 12% in mean annual precipitation, although not statistically significant. The number of days with at least 10 mm precipitation is projected to increase, whereas there is little expectation of continuous wet days for Bahrain. The country can expect a marginal increase in the intensity of precipitation. More intense precipitation will occur for 5–10 years of return period interval. The study highlights the importance of suitable climatic model selections and the expected changes in the magnitude and intensity of precipitation in the country. This will help to formulate context-specific adaptation strategies for climate change in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

Graphical Abstract
Redundancy Gains in Absolute Judgments of Loudness and Brightness
Authors: Johansson Robert C. G. , Ulrich Rolf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
People’s ability to discern the physical intensity level of visual and auditory events presented at the same time is investigated in a bimodal identification paradigm with stimulus redundancy. Two approaches to modeling redundancy gains in choice reaction time (RT) and response probability in this paradigm are advanced: first, a separate activation model where two sequential likelihood ratio tests (SLRTs) for exponentially distributed neural interarrival times operate on parallel channels, each capable to evoke a response, and second, a coactive model where the outputs of two SLRTs are superposed in a single processing channel to trigger a response. Although both models predict plausible error rates, the separate activation model accounts better for observed benchmarks in choice RT. However, a violation of the race model inequality at the smallest quantile for loud and soft bimodal stimuli hints that the separate activation model might nonetheless be untenable. These findings challenge both parallel and coactive processing accounts of performance in intensity identification tasks with redundant auditory-visual stimuli.
Artificial Intelligence and Worker Stress: Evidence from Germany
Authors: Koch Michael , Lodefalk Magnus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We use individual survey data providing detailed information on stress, technology adoption, and work, worker, and employer characteristics, in combination with recent measures of AI and robot exposure, to investigate how new technologies affect worker stress. We find a persistent negative relationship, suggesting that AI and robots could reduce the stress level of workers in Germany. We furthermore provide evidence on potential mechanisms to explain our findings. Overall, the paper contributes to the economic literature by providing suggestive evidence of modern technologies changing the way we perform our work in a way that reduces stress and work pressure.
Real-world effectiveness and safety of rituximab and reduced-dose CHP with polatuzumab vedotin (pola-R-CHP) in patients aged > 80 years with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Sato Shuku , Tsunoda Shun , Kamata Wataru , Togano Tomiteru , Tamai Yotaro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The efficacy and safety of polatuzumab vedotin combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone (pola-R-CHP) in patients aged ≥ 80 years with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we administered a reduced-dose pola-R-CHP regimen to 38 patients with DLBCL aged > 80 years. Extending the findings of the POLARIX trial in this older individuals’ cohort, we conducted a retrospective analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of the treatment in a real-world clinical setting. After 12 months, the overall and progression-free survival rates were 86.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.0–94.0) and 78.5% (95% CI: 59.2–89.5), respectively. Although the incidence of febrile neutropenia was relatively high (32%), an increased risk was observed in patients with an average relative dose intensity of < 70%, even with reduced treatment intensity. Notably, none of the patients required a dose reduction of polatuzumab vedotin owing to peripheral neuropathy. Therefore, our findings indicate that a reduced-dose pola-R-CHP regimen may be a viable and effective treatment option for older patients newly diagnosed with DLBCL.
Soyasaponin Bb has poor absorption and bioavailability in Sprague–Dawley rats and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell model
Authors: Xiao Lingyu , Su Chuhong , Chen Junbin , Gu Xiangfu , Zhao Yue , Tang Jiaqi , Liu Yuguo , Luo Huiyu , Zha Longying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Soyasaponin Bb has various health-promoting bioactivities. However, the bioavailability of soyasaponin Bb is not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the absorption and metabolism of soyasaponin Bb by using both in vivo and in vitro methods. Soyasaponin Bb (100 mg/kg) was orally administrated in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats, and the content of soyasaponin Bb and soyasapogenol B in plasma, urine and feces were determined by HPLC–MS/MS. The Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell model was established by culturing on Transwell plates and assessing through cell morphology, transepithelial electrical resistance, alkaline phosphatase activity, and phenol red flux. Then, the apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) transport or uptake of soyasaponin Bb in the model were determined. In SD rats, soyasaponin Bb reached a maximum of 19.8 ng/mL in plasma and showed two material peaks. The cumulative excretion of soyasaponin Bb at 168 h was (0.0022 ± 0.0006) % in urine and (0.36 ± 0.21) % in feces. Soyasapogenol B was not detected in plasma and urine, but had a cumulative excretion of (0.45 ± 0.29) % in feces at 168 h. Culturing Caco-2 cells on Transwell plates for 21 days formed good intestinal epithelial monolayers. The apparent permeability (Papp) of both AP-BL and BL-AP transport of soyasaponin Bb in the Caco-2 cell models was less than 1.0 × 10–6 cm/s, and the efflux ratio (ER) was 0.5 ± 0.2. The uptake of soyasaponin Bb in the AP-BL cells was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in the BL-AP cells. In conclusion, soyasaponin Bb has poor absorption and bioavailability in SD rats and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cell model.
Combined Use of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Triglyceride-Glucose Index for Risk Prediction of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Coronary Angiography in Patients with STEMI
Authors: Zorlu Çağrı , Cabri Gökhan , Şimşek Ahmet , Demirezen Yağmur , Ömür Sefa Erdi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index are very important parameters that predict contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) well in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There are limited data on the predictive value of CIN derived from the combination of PIV and TyG index compared to the use of PIV and CIN alone in patients with STEMI who underwent PCI. We aimed to evaluate the ability of the combination of PIV and TyG index, routinely obtained on admission, to identify STEMI patients at risk of CIN.

Method
Between 2018 and 2024, 2367 patients with STEMI who underwent PCI were included. CIN was defined as a 25% or 0.5 mg/dL increase in creatinine from baseline within 48–72 h after PCI. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was performed to predict the development of CIN.

Results
In ROC analysis, the cut-off values of PIV and TyG index for best predicting CIN were 548, and 8.97 respectively. The combination of two markers was the most powerful predictor of CIN risk when included in a single variable such as high PIV or high TyG index. Furthermore, the co-presence of high PIV and high TyG index exhibited the highest specificity for CIN(82%) compared to high PIV(77%) or TyG index(71%) alone.

Conclusion
The combination of PIV and TyG index, a simple and cost-effective risk assessment, may be a more reliable prognostic indicator for predicting the development of CIN in STEMI patients undergoing PCI than the use of PIV and TyG index alone.