bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of collateral circulation in patients with multiple craniocervical artery stenoses
Authors: Gao Ya , Liu Xuan , Xu Beibei , Zhang Ximeng , Wang Yiqing , Ni Jianqiang , Yang Yi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on previous findings, collateral circulation in the brain is vital in mitigating cerebral ischemia's effects and influencing stroke risk. This retrospective study examined collateral circulation, admission ischemic stroke status, and long‐term recurrence in patients with multiple craniocervical artery stenoses. Consecutive symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were recruited. Baseline data including medical histories and neurological function at admission were collected. Imaging techniques assessed collateral compensative capacity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between collateral circulation and case status. A total of 559 patients with symptomatic ICA stenosis were included, among whom 153 (27.4%) had concurrent moderate to severe vertebro‐basilar artery (VBA) stenosis. Dizziness, weakness/numbness, and slurring of speech were the primary symptoms in all patients. Over 36 months, 71 (12.7%) patients experienced a recurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In multivariate analysis, collateral circulation was found to be negatively associated with AIS (regional leptomeningeal collateral [rLMC] scores: OR: 0.798, 95% CI: 0.743–0.857, p < 0.001; Tan scores: OR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.336–0.679, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the collateral circulation scores were significantly associated with the recurrence of AIS within 3 years (rLMC scores: OR: 0.926, 95% CI: 0.860–0.997, p = 0.042; Tan scores: OR: 0.467, 95% CI: 0.306–0.712, p < 0.001). Most associations remained significant in the subgroup of patients with VBA stenosis. Favorable collateral circulation in multiple craniocervical artery stenosis patients reduced long‐term ischemic event recurrence. Stratifying treatment risks is essential for optimizing outcomes.
The potential adverse effects of minors' exposure to alcohol‐related stimuli via licenced venues: A narrative review
Authors: Booth Leon , Miller Mia , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIssuesYoung people are particularly impressionable when it comes to forming expectations and attitudes around alcohol consumption. Any stimuli that normalise and foster positive expectations around alcohol use may increase the risk of underage alcohol consumption. Alcohol venues that market themselves as being appropriate ‘family friendly’ establishments for children risk exposing minors to environments that are saturated with alcohol‐related stimuli. However, research examining how exposure to licenced venues affects underage people is very limited. The aim of this narrative review was to identify and synthesise relevant evidence to better understand how attending these venues might affect minors.ApproachA narrative review of research published between January 2016 and November 2022 was conducted to investigate the potential effects on underage people of exposure to licenced venues and stimuli encountered in/around these venues. Examined stimuli included alcohol advertising, people consuming alcohol and alcohol outlets.Key FindingsThe reviewed literature indicates that the risk of alcohol‐related harm among minors is likely to increase with greater exposure to alcohol venues due to the associated exposure to alcohol advertising, exposure to others consuming alcohol and higher outlet density. In combination, these factors are likely to normalise alcohol consumption for minors and create positive alcohol expectancies.Implications and ConclusionVenues serving alcohol should be discouraged from targeting families and parents should be warned about the risks associated with taking minors to venues where alcohol is sold and consumed.
Tirzepatide reduces the predicted risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and improves cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with obesity or overweight: SURMOUNT‐1 post hoc analysis
Authors: Hankosky Emily R. , Wang Hui , Neff Lisa M. , Kan Hong , Wang Fangyu , Ahmad Nadia N. , Griffin Ryan , Stefanski Adam , Garvey W. Timothy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the effect of tirzepatide on long‐term risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among people with obesity or overweight without diabetes from SURMOUNT‐1.Materials and MethodsSURMOUNT‐1, a phase 3 trial, evaluated the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in adults with body mass index ≥30 or ≥27 kg/m2 and at least one weight‐related complication, excluding diabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to tirzepatide (5/10/15 mg) or placebo. Changes from baseline in cardiometabolic variables were assessed. The predicted 10‐year ASCVD risk scores were calculated (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association risk engine) at baseline, week 24, and week 72 in SURMOUNT‐1 participants without a history of ASCVD. Percent change in risk scores from baseline to weeks 24 and 72 was compared between tirzepatide and placebo using mixed model for repeated measures analysis. Analyses were also conducted in participants with intermediate to high risk at baseline.ResultsTirzepatide‐treated groups demonstrated reductions in cardiometabolic variables over 72 weeks. In participants without a history of ASCVD (N = 2461), the baseline median risk score was low and did not differ across groups (1.5%–1.6%). Relative change in risk from baseline to week 72 was greater for tirzepatide (−23.5% to −16.4%) than placebo (12.7%; P < 0.001). Relative change among participants with intermediate‐to‐high baseline risk was significantly greater for tirzepatide (P < 0.05). Intermediate‐to‐high‐risk participants demonstrated similar relative change but greater absolute risk reduction compared to the overall population.ConclusionTirzepatide treatment significantly reduced the 10‐year predicted risk of ASCVD versus placebo in patients with obesity or overweight without diabetes.
The metaphysics science needs: Deleuze's naturalism
Authors: Webster George 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article is aimed at those interested in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and the sciences—and this includes philosophers of science working out of the analytic tradition. Deleuze's writings are riddled with references to science and mathematics. And yet, the relation between these references and his philosophical thought is not well understood. In this essay, I investigate the nature of this relation—and I do so by asking whether it is naturalistic. Importantly, I draw on insights from contemporary philosophy of science to contribute to a proper understanding of this issue. I show that and how commentators are hamstrung by their lack of engagement with the philosophy of science; I present an interpretation of Deleuze's philosophical project as attempting to articulate an immanent and primitive form of objective modality; I draw together parts of Deleuze's corpus that are relevant to his treatment of the sciences but are nonetheless rarely studied in conjunction (including his and Guattari's distinction between ‘major’ and ‘minor’ science and his under‐scrutinized statement of interest in ‘the metaphysics science needs’); and I propose a naturalistic interpretation of his engagements with science.
Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in primary Meige syndrome: motor and non‐motor outcomes
Authors: Hao Qing‐Pei , Zheng Wen‐Tao , Zhang Zi‐Hao , Liu Ye‐Zu , Ding Hu , OuYang Jia , Liu Zhi , Wu Guang‐Yong , Liu Ru‐En 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising treatment for movement disorders. This prospective study aims to evaluate the effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS (STN‐DBS) on motor and non‐motor symptoms in patients with primary Meige syndrome.MethodsThirty patients who underwent bilateral STN‐DBS between April 2017 and June 2020 were included. Standardized and validated scales were utilized to assess the severity of dystonia, health‐related quality of life, sleep, cognitive function and mental status at baseline and at 1 year and 3 years after neurostimulation.ResultsThe Burke−Fahn−Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale movement scores showed a mean improvement of 63.0% and 66.8% at 1 year and 3 years, respectively, after neurostimulation. Similarly, the Burke−Fahn−Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale disability scores improved by 60.8% and 63.3% at the same time points. Postoperative quality of life demonstrated a significant and sustained improvement throughout the follow‐up period. However, cognitive function, mental status, sleep quality and other neuropsychological functions did not change after 3 years of neurostimulation. Eight adverse events occurred in six patients, but no deaths or permanent sequelae were reported.ConclusionsBilateral STN‐DBS is a safe and effective alternative treatment for primary Meige syndrome, leading to improvements in motor function and quality of life. Nevertheless, it did not yield significant amelioration in cognitive, mental, sleep status and other neuropsychological functions after 3 years of neurostimulation.
Asian American parenting in a racialized world: The role of ideological contexts and intergenerational gaps
Authors: Wang Yan Z. , He Helen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the challenges that have impeded Asian American parents' critical responses toward racism, we looked at interpretive contexts, as well as the recent immigration contexts and their impacts on intergenerational relationships.BackgroundAsian Americans are the fastest growing diverse group in the United States. The advent of COVID‐19 resulted in a dramatic increase of anti‐Asian hate crimes.MethodsWe reviewed research on Asian American parents' racialized experiences and the challenges they face when raising children to respond to racism. With a contextual perspective, we highlighted three ideological concepts that have shaped the interpretive context for Asian American parents' responses to racism, including the model minority myth, the just‐world view, and the cultural maintenance model. We also looked at how recent waves of immigration may have compounded intergenerational gaps in many Asian American families, with both developmental and acculturational differences between generations.Results and ConclusionUnderstanding these contexts provides insights into how to best support Asian American parents as they communicate with their children on complicated topics. These support can help faciliate these parents' ability to remain grounded in their ethnic‐racial group, while uniting with other diverse groups in dismantling racism.ImplicationsInformational and sociocultural resources are needed to help Asian American parents develop racial literacy and seek changes. We encourage practitioners to develop cultural competency and deepen their understanding of immigrant families' developmental and acculturational needs.
Climatic effects on the synchrony and stability of temperate headwater invertebrates over four decades
Authors: Larsen Stefano , Joyce Fiona , Vaughan Ian P. , Durance Isabelle , Walter Jonathan A. , Ormerod Steve J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImportant clues about the ecological effects of climate change can arise from understanding the influence of other Earth‐system processes on ecosystem dynamics but few studies span the inter‐decadal timescales required. We, therefore, examined how variation in annual weather patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over four decades was linked to synchrony and stability in a metacommunity of stream invertebrates across multiple, contrasting headwaters in central Wales (UK). Prolonged warmer and wetter conditions during positive NAO winters appeared to synchronize variations in population and community composition among and within streams thereby reducing stability across levels of ecological organization. This climatically mediated synchronization occurred in all streams irrespective of acid–base status and land use, but was weaker where invertebrate communities were more functionally diverse. Wavelet linear models indicated that variation in the NAO explained up to 50% of overall synchrony in species abundances at a timescale of 4–6 years. The NAO appeared to affect ecological dynamics through local variations in temperature, precipitation and discharge, but increasing hydrochemical variability within sites during wetter winters might have contributed. Our findings illustrate how large‐scale climatic fluctuations generated over the North Atlantic can affect population persistence and dynamics in inland freshwater ecosystems in ways that transcend local catchment character. Protecting and restoring functional diversity in stream communities might increase their stability against warmer, wetter conditions that are analogues of ongoing climate change. Catchment management could also dampen impacts and provide options for climate change adaptation.
Water and oxygen corrosion resistance of SiCf/SiC–SiYBC composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration at 1300°C –1500°C
Authors: Zhang Binghui , Liu Yongsheng , Gao Yuqing , Chen Jian , Li Jingxin , Cao Yejie , Pan Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, the static water and oxygen corrosion behavior of SiCf/SiC–SiYBC composites was systematically studied at 1 300°C to 1 500°C. With the increase in corrosion temperature from 1 300°C to 1 500°C, both the residual strength and strength retention rate of SiCf/SiC–SiYBC composites initially increased and then decreased. The highest strength retention rate achieved was 132%, which was 35% higher than that of SiCf/SiC composites. During water and oxygen corrosion of composites, self‐healing boron silicate glass and the Y2Si2O7 phase with excellent resistance to water and oxygen were generated in situ. The oxidation products are fluid at high temperatures and can fill internal pores and microcracks, thus improving the residual strength of the SiCf/SiC–SiYBC composite. The water corrosion resistance of SiCf/SiC–SiYBC materials has been confirmed to be superior to that of SiCf/SiC composites.
A theoretical analysis on two‐sided duopoly platforms and tax regimes
Authors: Poddar Sangita , Banerjee (Chatterjee) Tanmoyee , Banerjee Swapnendu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study the effects of three forms of taxation—a tax levied on the platform's revenue, an ad valorem tax on consumers' access fees and tax imposed on per‐transaction fees of sellers, in vertically differentiated two‐sided duopoly platforms with cross‐side network effects. The level of informative advertising which increases the probability of finding sellers by buyers, declines with taxes for each platform. Analytical comparison between tax regimes has been made. Additionally, for an increased degree of cross‐group externality, platforms raise the level of informative advertising irrespective of tax structures.
A flow‐based model for the multivehicle covering tour problem with route balancing
Authors: Ota Cristina Teruko , Fiorotto Diego Jacinto , Ghidini Carla Taviane Lucke da Silva , Oliveira Washington Alves de 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a new flow‐based mathematical formulation for the multivehicle covering tour problem. This problem determines a set of vehicle routes for the available fleet; therefore, the total distance traveled is minimal. In the proposed mathematical formulation, each vertex represents a location of interest, and these vertices belong to three sets: vertices that can be visited; vertices that must be visited; and vertices that must be covered, in the sense that each vertex must be close to a visited vertex in a route. The proposed formulation aims to find solutions with balanced routes (all the routes with an equal or similar number of visited nodes) and extends the previous formulations proposed in the literature by considering a two‐index vehicle flow formulation with a decision variable to find the balanced routes. It constitutes an NP‐hard integer programming problem based on a two‐commodity flow model, which is solved by applying the branch‐and‐cut and biased random‐key genetic algorithms. This paper reports computational results for some adapted instances from TSPLIB to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model. The computational results validate the branch‐and‐cut and genetic algorithms, whereby the latter performs better in large‐size instances with reduced computational runtime. Finally, the used approaches obtained competitive solutions compared to the literature.
Revealing the mechanism of competing A‐site doping ions in (K, Na)NbO3‐based ceramics
Authors: Huang Yifeng , Ma Yinchang , Zhang Xi‐xiang , Lyu Jing , Lv Xiang , Wu Jiagang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough past studies have shown a competitive relationship between bismuth ion (Bi3+) and rare earth ions in potassium sodium niobate {(K, Na)NbO3, KNN}‐based ceramics, a comprehensive investigation of this competition has been relatively scarce. Herein, we conducted an in‐depth exploration of this competition by substituting Bi3+ with praseodymium ions (Pr3+) in KNN‐based ceramics possessing high piezoelectric properties. The substitution of Bi3+ with Pr3+ results in a decrease in the extent of multi‐phase coexistence at room temperature, an increase in domain size and grain size, and the enhancement of ferroelectricity. However, it also leads to a deterioration in piezoelectricity. Through a combination of experimental findings and first‐principles calculations, we analyzed the alterations in phase structure, ferroelectric domains, and electrical properties, attributing these changes to the competitive nature of Bi‐O and Pr‐O bonds with their distinct ionic/covalent characteristics. Consequently, this study not only unveils the underlying physical mechanism behind the competition between Bi3+ and Pr3+ ions in KNN‐based piezoceramics but also presents a novel approach to tailor the phase transition temperature, thereby facilitating the overall performance improvement of KNN‐based ceramics.
Spatial and temporal control of glassy‐crystalline domains in optical phase change materials
Authors: Lee Chih‐Yu , Lian Chuanyu , Sun Hongyi , Huang Yi‐Siou , Acharjee Niloy , Takeuchi Ichiro , Ríos Ocampo Carlos A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs) have become one of the most promising material platforms for the Optics and Photonics community. The unparalleled combination of nonvolatility and large optical property modulation promises devices with low‐energy consumption and ultra‐compact form factors. At the core of all these applications lies the difficult task of precisely controlling the glassy amorphous and crystalline domains that compose the PCM microstructure and dictate the optical response. A spatially controllable glassy‐crystalline domain distribution is desired for intermediate optical response (vs. binary response between fully amorphous and crystalline states), and temporally resolved domains are sought after for repeatable reconfiguration. In this perspective, we briefly review the fundamentals of PCM phase transition in various reconfiguring approaches for optical devices. We discuss each method's underpinning mechanisms, design, advantages, and downsides. Finally, we lay out current challenges and future directions in this field.
Electromechanical properties of [0 0 1]‐textured Mn–PMN–PZT ceramics under uniaxial pressure
Authors: Tang Mingyang , Liu Xin , Ren Xiaodan , Wang Yike , Wu Yue , Wang Sanhong , Xu Zhuo , Geng Liwei D. , Yan Yongke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of both random and textured Mn–PMN–PZT ceramics were characterized under uniaxial stress. Textured ceramics exhibit a large piezoelectric response under uniaxial pressure; the bias field piezoelectric constant is higher than 700 pC/N when pressure is below 50 MPa. Moreover, textured ceramics also show better depolarization resistance under uniaxial stress fields; overall, 30% of the origin performance will remain when stress approaches 200 MPa, but for random ceramics, it is only 10%. The ferroelectricity of both random and textured ceramics is suppressed by uniaxial compression.Ec,Pr,Ei, and dissipation energy all decrease with increasing uniaxial stress. In addition, phase‐field simulation was used to better understand the polarization‐changing effects on piezoelectric and dielectric performance. The uniaxial stress causes polarization rotation and increases the angle between polarization and the electric field, which is an important factor leading to the increase of the dielectric constant.
Earnings management risk and audit pricing: Evidence from big bath accounting
Authors: Choi Heeick , Karim Khondkar , Zhang Yiye 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe examine whether big baths (large and non‐recurring charges) affect auditors’ risk assessments and therefore result in higher audit fees. Prior studies have found that there is an asymmetric reaction from auditors on firms’ income‐increasing/decreasing accruals. We argue that auditors’ response to big baths is distinguishable from other types of earnings management as big baths provide incremental information to auditors beyond other earnings manipulation indicators. Our findings show that audit fees are significantly higher for firms with big baths, compared to other firms. We also present evidence that the positive relation between big baths and audit fees is stronger for firms with weaker corporate governance and greater information asymmetry. Overall, our results suggest that auditors expand their audit effort to mitigate the greater audit risk attributable to big baths, which in turn lead to higher audit fees.
Color stability of bleached tooth enamel brushed with different stain‐removing toothpastes
Authors: Sugai Rintaro , Kobayashi Mikihiro , Niizuma Yuiko , Mizukami Hiroyuki , Koyasu Masahiro , Shiba Toshikazu , Kitahara Nobuya , Manabe Atsufumi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe effects of four toothpastes on the color stability of in‐office bleached tooth specimens were determined.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated an experimental toothpaste (EXP) and three commercially available toothpastes: Colgate Optic White (OPW), Aquafresh White & Protect (AWP), and Crest 3D White (CDW). OPW, AWP, and CDW contained inorganic abrasives, whereas EXP and AWP contained sodium polyphosphate. Forty‐eight randomly selected human‐extracted maxillary central incisors were bleached and brushed twice daily over 30 days. We analyzed the final color difference (ΔE*ab, ΔE00, ΔWID), arithmetic average surface roughness (Ra) of the enamel measured on days 0 and 30, and scanning electron microscopy images of enamel surfaces and toothpastes. ΔE*ab, ΔE00, ΔWID, and Ra were analyzed using one‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).ResultsΔE*ab and ΔE00 values were significantly lower after toothbrushing with EXP, OPW, and CDW than with AWP. OPW induced the greatest positive ΔWID. Ra was significantly increased by OPW and CDW, but slightly increased by AWP, with cube‐like particles, and EXP, with no particle‐like structures.ConclusionsOnly EXP stabilized the color of bleached teeth without increasing the enamel surface roughness. Sodium polyphosphate with approximately 10 phosphate groups was effective at removing stains.Clinical SignificanceThe effect of toothpaste on the color stability of bleached teeth depends on the constituting abrasives and chemical components. Polyphosphoric acid has different stain‐removal effects depending on its degree of polymerization. Additionally, although certain types of abrasives may be effective for color stability, they also increase the surface roughness of the enamel.