bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the EFFAM Scale (Family Functioning Scale-Madrid)
Authors: Cabrera-Perona Víctor , Moriano Juan A. , Lloret-Irles Daniel , González-Galnares Inés , Ordoñez Ana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMost models that analyse risk and protective factors during adolescence include the family system and family functionality as key elements. For this reason, Family Counselling Services play an important role in addressing adolescent problems. These services require quick and easy-to-apply assessment tools that integrate different dimensions of family functioning. To develop and validate a brief scale for use in Family Counselling Services, exploring and confirming its factorial structure and testing its psychometric properties. Confirmatory Factor Analysis using structural equation modeling. 441 family members in seven units. Results: A 5-factor structure was confirmed, with a good fit. All the Average Variance Extracted values were higher than the Maximum Shared Squared Variance values. The results confirm the structure of the Family Functioning Scale-Madrid. In addition, the scale demonstrates adequate psychometric properties and stable structure during two evaluation periods with different samples. The instrument is considered reliable and consistent for of assessing family intervention carried out in Family Counselling Services.
A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of a New Cellulose-Based Composite and Glass Fibre Reinforced Composites
Authors: Liu Yuanxi , Lask Jan , Kupfer Robert , Gude Maik , Feldner Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe use of renewable lightweight materials and the adoption of cleaner production are two effective approaches to reduce resource consumption, which contributes to meeting the industry’s environmental impact targets. In a previous study we found, that a miscanthus fibre reinforced cellulose acetate (CA-Miscanthus, 25 wt.%) can be a bio-based alternative to glass fibre reinforced polypropylene (PP-GF, 20 wt.%), as both materials exhibit similar mechanical properties. However, only limited information on the environmental benefits of using bio-based composites instead of their petroleum-based counterparts are available. In this study, we compare the environmental impact of ready to use compound of both materials in the cradle to gate system boundaries, including fibre cultivation, fractionation and refining, fibre pretreatment, and compounding. The functional unit is chosen based on the equivalent function of both materials. The environmental impact is determined using the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) methodology. The results reveal that the CA-Mis composite has a higher environmental impact than the PP-GF composite in all categories observed, despite its biomass origin. As the primary reason for the high impact, the acetic anhydride use during CA production is identified. The study indicates that, though the bio-composite CA-Mis has mechanical properties comparable to PP-GF composites, it is not as eco-friendly as we initially assumed it to be.
An alternative to the concept of variable activation energy
Authors: Šimon Peter , Dubaj Tibor , Cibulková Zuzana 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is demonstrated here that the concept of variable activation energy is mathematically not fully correct. Further it is shown that general rate equation is a formal mathematical tool for the description of thermoanalytical kinetic data. The temperature function, k(T), is not the rate constant in general and the conversion function, f(α), may not reflect the mechanism in case of complex processes. Both, k(T) and f(α), are functions enabling to describe the kinetic hypersurface. For the complex processes, the physical meaning of parameters occurring in both functions is unclear. Hence, no mechanistic conclusions should be drawn from the values of an individual kinetic parameter; particularly, just from the values of activation energy. The conclusions can be drawn from the quantities with a clear physical meaning such as the values of isoconversional times, isoconversional temperatures, conversion, reaction rate, etc., i.e., the quantities that can be accessible experimentally. These quantities can be recovered and modeled from known kinetic parameters. It is proved here that the right temperature function may not be necessarily the Arrhenius equation for a complex process.
A Sound and Complete Tableaux Calculus for Reichenbach’s Quantum Mechanics Logic
Authors: Caballero Pablo , Valencia Pablo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 1944 Hans Reichenbach developed a three-valued propositional logic (RQML) in order to account for certain causal anomalies in quantum mechanics. In this logic, the truth-value indeterminate is assigned to those statements describing physical phenomena that cannot be understood in causal terms. However, Reichenbach did not develop a deductive calculus for this logic. The aim of this paper is to develop such a calculus by means of First Degree Entailment logic (FDE) and to prove it sound and complete with respect to RQML semantics. In Section 1 we explain the main physical and philosophical motivations of RQML. Next, in Sections 2 and 3, respectively, we present RQML and FDE syntax and semantics and explain the relation between both logics. Section 4 introduces $$\varvec{\mathcal {Q}}$$

Q

calculus, an FDE-based tableaux calculus for RQML. In Section 5 we prove that $$\varvec{\mathcal {Q}}$$

Q

calculus is sound and complete with respect to RQML three-valued semantics. Finally, in Section 6 we consider some of the main advantages of $$\varvec{\mathcal {Q}}$$

Q

calculus and we apply it to Reichenbach’s analysis of causal anomalies.
Caffeine’s complex influence on the attraction effect: a mixed bag of outcomes
Authors: Canty Michael , Lang Felix Josua , Adler Susanne Jana , Lichters Marcel , Sarstedt Marko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPsychological state alterations induced by substance-related physiological mechanisms affect consumer decision-making. We examine the influence of caffeine—the world’s most popular psychostimulant—on the attraction effect. In three double-blinded experiments, we show that caffeine intake via coffee influences consumers’ preference for product options that asymmetrically dominate a decoy option in choice sets (i.e., the attraction effect). Using real products in consequential choice tasks, we show that high caffeine intake (200 mg) is associated with a larger attraction effect both on between-subjects and within-subjects levels and in free-choice as well as forced-choice decision tasks. On the contrary, we do not find support for caffeine’s influence on the attraction effect when considering intermediate levels of caffeine intake (125 mg) and hypothetical decisions. We discuss theoretical implications for context effect research and practical implications for marketers.
The harm threshold and Mill’s harm principle
Authors: Taylor Maggie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Harm Threshold (HT) holds that the state may interfere in medical decisions parents make on their children’s behalf only when those decisions are likely to cause serious harm to the child. Such a high bar for intervention seems incompatible with both parental obligations and the state’s role in protecting children’s well-being. In this paper, I assess the theoretical underpinnings for the HT, focusing on John Stuart Mill’s Harm Principle as its most plausible conceptual foundation. I offer (i) a novel, text-based argument showing that Mill’s Harm Principle does not give justificatory force to the HT; and (ii) a positive account of some considerations which, beyond significant harm, would comprise an intervention principle normatively grounded in Mill’s ethical theory. I find that substantive recommendations derived from Mill’s socio-political texts are less laissez-faire than they have been interpreted by HT proponents. Justification for state intervention owes not to the severity of a harm, but to whether that harm arises from the failure to satisfy one’s duty. Thus, a pediatric intervention principle derived from Mill ought not to be oriented around the degree of harm caused by a parent’s healthcare decision, but rather, the kind of harm—specifically, whether the harm arises from violation of parental obligation. These findings challenge the interpretation of Mill adopted by HT proponents, eliminating a critical source of justification for a protected domain of parental liberty and reorienting the debate to focus on parental duties.
Democratizing AI from a Sociotechnical Perspective
Authors: Noorman Merel , Swierstra Tsjalling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) technologies offer new ways of conducting decision-making tasks that influence the daily lives of citizens, such as coordinating traffic, energy distributions, and crowd flows. They can sort, rank, and prioritize the distribution of fines or public funds and resources. Many of the changes that AI technologies promise to bring to such tasks pertain to decisions that are collectively binding. When these technologies become part of critical infrastructures, such as energy networks, citizens are affected by these decisions whether they like it or not, and they usually do not have much say in them. The democratic challenge for those working on AI technologies with collectively binding effects is both to develop and deploy technologies in such a way that the democratic legitimacy of the relevant decisions is safeguarded. In this paper, we develop a conceptual framework to help policymakers, project managers, innovators, and technologists to assess and develop approaches to democratize AI. This framework embraces a broad sociotechnical perspective that highlights the interactions between technology and the complexities and contingencies of the context in which these technologies are embedded. We start from the problem-based and practice-oriented approach to democracy theory as developed by political theorist Mark Warren. We build on this approach to describe practices that can enhance or challenge democracy in political systems and extend it to integrate a sociotechnical perspective and make the role of technology explicit. We then examine how AI technologies can play a role in these practices to improve or inhibit the democratic nature of political systems. We focus in particular on AI-supported political systems in the energy domain.
‘And You Shall Know That I am the Lord’: The Wanderer and the Book of Ezekiel
Authors: Burns Rachel A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ruined-city motif in the Old English poem The Wanderer (lines 73–87) has long been read as a reflex of traditional Germanic diction, and as a symbol of material transience. In line with more recent biblical readings of the poem, this paper identifies a number of analogues and possible sources for both the excidio urbis image and other images of transience, in the biblical Book of Ezekiel. Among these correspondences between The Wanderer and the prophetic biblical narrative are references to scavenging animals, traditionally read as Germanic ‘beasts of battle’ when encountered in the Old English elegies. Reading this passage alongside Gregory the Great’s Homilies on Ezekiel further illuminates how the poem’s structure and changing use of tense corresponds with contemporary thought on the revelatory processes of prophecy. It is here proposed that the Old English poet has chosen to use images and devices which resonate with both biblical and traditional vernacular poetic diction.
Maintaining Program Fidelity in a Changing World: National Implementation of a School-Based HIV Prevention Program
Authors: Schieber Elizabeth , Deveaux Lynette , Cotrell Lesley , Li Xiaoming , Lemon Stephenie C. , Ash Arlene S. , MacDonell Karen , Ghosh Samiran , Poitier Maxwell , Rolle Glenda , Naar Sylvie , Wang Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLarge-scale, evidence-based interventions face challenges to program fidelity of implementation. We developed implementation strategies to support teachers implementing an evidence-based HIV prevention program in schools, Focus on Youth in The Caribbean (FOYC) and Caribbean Informed Parents and Children Together (CImPACT) in The Bahamas. We examined the effects of these implementation strategies on teachers’ implementation in the subsequent year after the initial implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 79 Grade 6 teachers in 24 government elementary schools. Teachers completed training workshops and a pre-implementation questionnaire to record their characteristics and perceptions that might affect their program fidelity. School coordinators and peer mentors provided teachers with monitoring, feedback, and mentoring. In Year 1, teachers on average taught 79.3% of the sessions and 80.8% of core activities; teachers in Year 2 covered 84.2% of sessions and 72.9% of the core activities. Teachers with “good” or “excellent” school coordinators in the second year taught significantly more sessions on average (7.8 vs. 7.0, t = 2.04, P < 0.05) and more core activities (26.3 vs. 23.0, t = 2.41, P < 0.05) than teachers with “satisfactory” coordinators. Teachers who had a “good” or “satisfactory” mentor taught more sessions than teachers who did not have a mentor (7.9 vs. 7.3; t = 2.22; P = 0.03). Two-level mixed-effects model analysis indicated that teachers’ program fidelity in Year 1, confidence in the execution of core activities, and school coordinators’ performance were significantly associated with Year 2 implementation dose. Implementation of FOYC + CImPACT was significantly associated with improved student outcomes. Teachers maintained high fidelity to a comprehensive HIV prevention program over 2 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future program implementers should consider additional implementation support to improve the implementation of school-based programs.
Relations between academic reputation and innovation networks
Authors: Calignano Giuseppe , Winsents Elisabeth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrevious empirical analyses have revealed the characteristics a university should possess to be associated with engagement in competitive international innovation programs. Within this context, this paper aimed to assess the importance of academic reputation in determining high-level participation in the most recently concluded European Union Framework Program (i.e., Horizon 2020). By considering three countries (i.e., Italy, Sweden, and the United Kingdom), and using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), we showed that academic reputation is a key condition among high-scoring universities above a certain threshold (i.e., top 25% organizations). This finding should lead to further research and has policy implications. It is essential to integrate better those organizations considered less prestigious into targeted, highly competitive funding schemes to foster more widespread, even participation.
Teachers’ support for growth mindset and its links with students’ growth mindset, academic engagement, and achievements in lower secondary school
Authors: Vestad Lene , Bru Edvin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcademic engagement has been shown to deteriorate in lower secondary school, and it is necessary to find ways to prevent this so that students’ engagement and achievements do not decline irrevocably. Teacher support for growth mindset (TSGM) is likely to influence students’ mindsets while also promoting academic engagement and achievement. This cross-sectional study first examined the extent to which lower secondary school students (N = 1608) perceived their teachers’ classroom pedagogy as supportive of their growth mindset and students’ growth mindset beliefs. The study’s main purpose was to test a latent structural equation model specifying that perceived TSGM is directly related to students’ growth mindset, directly and indirectly related to academic engagement (behavioral and emotional), and indirectly related to academic achievement. Students’ perceived growth mindset and academic engagement thus served as intermediate variables. The results verified that TSGM was indeed related to growth mindset and academic engagement, the latter both directly and via students’ perceived growth mindset. Furthermore, TSGM was also related to academic achievement via students’ growth mindset and academic engagement. The results suggest that TSGM can facilitate students’ growth mindset and academic engagement and, thereby, achievement in lower secondary school, a period during which students may struggle with academic motivation.
Objective and owner-reported outcomes after modified cranial closing wedge ostectomy: a case series
Authors: Kovacs Jenny M. , Mazdarani Parisa , Nielsen Michelle B. M. , Miles James E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImmediate and longer-term outcomes of a cranial closing wedge ostectomy variant for management of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease were assessed in this single-center retrospective consecutive study. Records and radiographs were retrieved and assessed by three independent observers to evaluate tibial plateau angle, anatomical-mechanical axis angle, tibial tuberosity distalization, and mechanical axis length before and after surgery. Kinetic gait analysis and owner questionnaires were used to assess clinical outcomes. Seventeen stifles from fifteen dogs were evaluated radiographically. Mean error from target tibial plateau angle was 0.4 degrees. Anatomical-mechanical axis angles reduced from mean 2.9 degrees preoperatively to mean − 0.9 degrees postoperatively. Tibial tuberosity distalization was mean 5.0% of mechanical axis length, and mean reduction in mechanical axis length was 0.1%. Increased tibial plateau angles were noted in 8/17 stifles, with a mean of 9.6 degrees at short-term follow-up. Major complications were observed in 9/17 stifles. Long term follow-up (mean 832 days) was obtained with gait analysis in 8/15 dogs and with questionnaire in 11/15. Most dogs (9/11) were weakly to moderately affected by osteoarthritis symptoms. All values for peak vertical force and vertical impulse normalized to body weight exceeded local lower reference limits for normal dogs, indicating acceptable limb use. Satisfactory immediate and long-term clinical outcomes appear to be possible with this technique, but the high incidence of shorter-term complications may caution against the technique or the fixation and management described here.
An improved reference genome and first organelle genomes of Quercus suber
Authors: Usié Ana , Serra Octávio , Barros Pedro M. , Barbosa Pedro , Leão Célia , Capote Tiago , Almeida Tânia , Rodrigues Leandra , Carrasquinho Isabel , Guimarães Joana B. , Mendoça Diogo , Nóbrega Filomena , Egas Conceição , Chaves Inês , Abreu Isabel A. , Saibo Nelson J. M. , Marum Liliana , Varela Maria Carolina , Matos José , Simões Fernanda , Miguel Célia M. , Oliveira M. Margarida , Ricardo Cândido P. , Gonçalves Sónia , Ramos António Marcos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCork oak (Quercus suber L.) is an ecologically and economically important evergreen tree species native to the Mediterranean region and widespread in southwest Europe and northwest Africa. An improved genome assembly of cork oak using a combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing is presented in this study. The assembled genome contains 2351 scaffolds longer than 1000 bp, accounting for 765.7 Mbp of genome size, L90 of 755, and a N50 of 1.0 Mbp, with 40,131 annotated genes. The repetitive sequences constitute 53.6% of the genome. The genome sequences of chloroplast and mitochondrion were determined for the first time, with a genome size of 161,179 bp and 531,858 bp, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete chloroplast genome sequence showed that Q. suber is closely related to Quercus variabilis, two cork-producing species with commercial use. All data generated are available through the public databases, being ready to be used without restrictions. This study provides an improved nuclear genome assembly together with the organelle genomes of cork oak. These resources will be useful for further breeding strategies and conservation programs and for comparative genomic studies in oak species.
Long-term effect of municipal solid waste compost on the recovery of a potentially toxic element (PTE)-contaminated soil: PTE mobility, distribution and bioaccessibility
Authors: Caporale Antonio Giandonato , Porfido Carlo , Roggero Pier Paolo , Di Palma Anna , Adamo Paola , Pinna Maria Vittoria , Garau Giovanni , Spagnuolo Matteo , Castaldi Paola , Diquattro Stefania 
Published: November 2023

Abstract Compost from municipal solid waste (MSWC) can represent a resource for the environmental management of soils contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), since it can reduce their mobility and improve soil fertility. However, the long-term impact of compost on soil recovery has been poorly investigated. To this end, the influence of a MSWC added at different rates (i.e. 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5% w/w) to a multi-PTE-contaminated (e.g. Sb 412 mg kg−1, Pb 2664 mg kg−1 and Zn 7510 mg kg−1) sub-acidic soil (pH 6.4) was evaluated after 6 years since its addition. The MSWC significantly enhanced soil fertility parameters (i.e. total organic carbon, Olsen P and total N) and reduced the PTE labile fractions. The distribution maps of PTEs detected through µXRF analysis revealed the presence of Zn and Pb carbonates in the amended soils, or the formation of complexes between these PTEs and the functional groups of MSWC. A higher oral, inhalation and dermal bioaccessibility of each PTE was detected in the soil fine-grained fractions (< 2 and 2–10 µm) than in coarse particles (10–20 and 20–50 µm). The MSWC amendment generally did not modify the PTE bioaccessibility, while the relative bioaccessibility of cationic PTEs was greater than that of anionic ones (e.g. Cd > Zn > Pb > Sb > As). Pb and Sb showed the highest hazard quotients (e.g. 2.2 and 10 for Sb and Pb, respectively, in children). Overall, the results indicated that the MSWC used can be an effective option for the recovery of PTE-contaminated soils, even in the long term.
Climate change and anthropogenic activities shrink the range and dispersal of an endangered primate in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Dai Yunchuan , Li Dayong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is a rare and endemic species in China. The population of golden snub-nosed monkeys in Sichuan Province has an isolated genetic status, large population size, and low genetic diversity, making it highly vulnerable to environmental changes. Our study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of climate and land-use changes on the distribution and dispersal paths of the species in Sichuan Province. We used three general circulation models (GCMs), three greenhouse gas emission scenarios, and three land-use change scenarios suitable for China to predict the potential distributions of the golden snub-nosed monkey in the current and 2070s using the MaxEnt model. The dispersal paths were identified by the circuit theory. Our results suggested that the habitats of the golden snub-nosed monkey were reduced under all three GCM scenarios. The suitable habitats for the golden snub-nosed monkey would be reduced by 82.67%, 82.47%, and 75.17% under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, compared to the currently suitable habitat area. Additionally, we found that the density of future dispersal paths of golden snub-nosed monkeys would decrease, and the dispersal resistance would increase. Therefore, relevant wildlife protection agencies should prioritize the climatically suitable distributions and key dispersal paths of golden snub-nosed monkeys to improve their conservation. We identified key areas for habitat preservation and increased habitat connectivity under climate change, which could serve as a reference for future adaptation strategies.