bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Mullite–iron Composite Nanoparticles Prepared by Solid Solution Reduction
Authors: Wang Hao , Sekino Tohru , Niihara Koichi 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Magnetic composite nanoparticles containing iron and mullite were prepared by reduction of sol–gel-made mullite–iron oxide solid solution. The magnetic properties of nanocomposite suggest that a part of the iron particle exists in the superparamagnetic state. TEM observation shows that metal nanoparticles have an intragranular distribution with iron embedded in mullite grains.
Polymorphism, Photoluminescence, and Electroluminescence of Diaminodicyanopyrazine
Authors: Shiozaki Hisayoshi , Inoue Yotaro , Sakurai Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A diaminodicyanopyrazine derivative, having bulky substituents, was designed and synthesized. The synthesized dye exhibited an intense photoluminescence in the solid state. An electroluminescent device was prepared by using the dye. The dye exhibited polymorphism. Red and yellow single crystals of the dye were prepared by using a gas-phase sublimation growth procedure. The spectral shift due to the polymorphism is also discussed, and a candidate dye for red colored electroluminescent devices is proposed.
Unusual Solvatochromism Based on Intramolecular Hydrophobic Interaction in Water-soluble Azobenzene Dendrimers
Authors: Momotake Atsuya , Arai Tatsuo 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
Azobenzene dendrimer E-2, having water-soluble dendrons at the ortho-position in azobenzene, showed novel solvatochromism with changing the solvent ratio of water/EtOH which is based on the intramolecular hydrophobic interaction due to poly-aryl(ether) dendrons. The thermodynamic parameters for Z-to-E thermal isomerization of 2 also greatly depended on the water/EtOH ratio.
Imidazolium Ionic Liquid-Grafted 2,2′-Bipyridine—A Novel Ligand for the Recyclable Copper-catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Alcohols in Ionic Liquid [bmim][PF6]
Authors: Wu Xue-E , Ma Li , Ding Meng-Xian , Gao Lian-Xun 
Published: January 2005

Abstract
A novel imidazolium ionic liquid-grafted 2,2′-bipyridine ligand has been prepared and successfully employed in the copper-catalyzed selective oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds in ionic liquid [bmim][PF6] under mild conditions, and the catalytic ionic liquid solution can be recovered and reused without significant loss of catalytic efficiency.
In Darkest Hollywood: Cinema and Apartheid/In Darkest Hollywood: Exploring the Jungles of South Africa's Cinema
Authors: Gordon Robert J. , Elder Glen 
Published: January 2005

In Darkest Hollywood: Cinema and Apartheid. 1993. 112 minutes, color. video by Daniel Riesenfeld and Peter Davis. For more information contact Nightingale Films, 5214 N. Lakewood Ave. Chicago, IL 60640.In Darkest Hollywood: Exploring the Jungles of South Africa's Cinema. Peter Davis. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1996.214 pp.
Schooling and Skipperhood: The Development of Dexterity
Authors: Pálsson Gísli , Helgason Agnar 
Published: January 2005

Focusing on data relating to Iceland, we examine differences in the performance of fishing skippers both in and out of school and explore the development of dexterity and the connections among fishing practice, schooling, and fishing success.Our ethnographic and statistical analyses indicate that, contrary to the prevailing assumption of many educators, skippers' performance in marine school has little direct relation to success in fishing. We conclude that while schooling serves important other purposes, critical abilities required for locating and catching fish are largely developed in the course of everyday practice. Our findings substantiate much recent theorizing on embodied knowledge and schooling, emphasizing the embeddedness of learning and cognition. There are good grounds, we argue, for placing practical knowledge, situated activities, and communities of practice at the center of the theoretical and environmental agenda, [dexterity, fishing, practice, schooling, Iceland]
The Kilopilopitsofy, Kidoky, and Bokyboky: Accounts of Strange Animals from Belo‐sur‐mer, Madagascar, and the Megafaunal “Extinction Window”
Authors: Burney David A. , Ramilisonina  
Published: January 2005

In July and August 1995, the authors interviewed elderly Malagasy with knowledge of the traditions and natural history of their home areas, centered on the villages of Belo‐sur‐mer, Antsira, and Ambararata, on the southwest coast of Madagascar.Several individuals related personal experiences in which they claim to have seen and heard animals that do not match any known extant animal of Madagascar. Two of the mystery animals, known locally as the kilopilopitsofy and kidoky, were described in terms similar to creatures detailed in historical accounts and folklore recorded in Madagascar between the mid‐1600s and the end of the nineteenth century. The former of these has been compared by some authors to the dwarf hippopotamus and the latter to a giant lemur, animals generally inferred from radiocarbon dating of last known occurrences to have gone extinct early in the present millennium or perhaps a few centuries later.Stories by these same informants concerning extant animals demonstrate their accurate knowledge of the fauna. Magical powers are ascribed to some animals, such as the bokyboky, a viverrid (Mungotictis) that occurs in the region. Radiocarbon dates obtained recently on some of the extinct megafauna, showing that some extirpated taxa may have survived until recent centuries, confirm that ethnographic sources of information on these species should not automatically be dismissed as irrelevant or unreliable. [Madagascar, extinctions, megafauna, hippopotamus, lemur]
Woven by the Grandmothers
Authors: Webster Laurie D. 
Published: January 2005

Woven by the Grandmothers: Nineteenth‐Century Navajo Textiles from the National Museum of the American Indian. The Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona, February 1‐April 26,1998.Woven by the Grandmothers: Nineteenth‐Century Navajo Textiles from the National Museum of the American Indian. Eulalie H. Bonar. ed. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1996. 214 pp.
Foster Care Involvement Among Youth With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Shea Lindsay , Villodas Melissa L. , Ventimiglia Jonas , Wilson Amy Blank , Cooper Dylan 
Published: February 2024

ImportanceYouth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) are more likely to be placed in foster care than other youth. Examining the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of youth with I/DD in the foster care system is critical for identifying disparities and understanding service needs.ObjectiveTo produce a population-level analysis of youth with I/DD in foster care that examines differences in rates of foster care involvement based on race, ethnicity, age, and sex.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study involved all individuals with I/DD 21 years and younger enrolled in Medicaid through foster care in 2016 via data from Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) Analytic Files (TAF) for all 50 US states and Washington, DC. As a key insurer of I/DD services and foster care, Medicaid claims offer a timely population-level analysis. Youth with I/DD were grouped into diagnostic subgroups: autism spectrum disorder (ASD) only, intellectual disability only, or ASD and ID. The data analysis took place from July 2022 to September 2023.ExposureTAF data contain Medicaid enrollment information by month with a binary indicator of foster care involvement, and eligibility files identify race, ethnicity, age, and sex.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe period prevalence of foster care involvement was determined among I/DD youth by diagnostic subgroups using an intersectional approach across race, ethnicity, age, and sex. Logistic regression examined associations between risk for foster care involvement and race, ethnicity, age, and sex.ResultsA total of 39 143 youth with I/DD had foster care involvement in 2016. Black youth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.37; 95% CI, 1.28-1.47) and females (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.1-1.27) had increased likelihood for foster care involvement. The likelihood for foster care involvement increased with age in all groups relative to the age group 0 to 5 years old.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that among youth with I/DD, Black youth and females faced higher risk for foster care involvement, and the likelihood of foster care involvement increased with age. There is an urgent need for research that focuses on addressing system-level factors that drive increased risk. Understanding the specific health needs of Black and female youth with I/DD is critical to ensure the formation, implementation, and monitoring of equitable delivery of health services.
Assessing quality assurance of multi‐leaf collimator using the structural similarity index
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhang Baoshe , Lasio Giovanni , Chen Shifeng , Nasehi Tehrani Joubin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to evaluate the viability of utilizing the Structural Similarity Index (SSI*) as an innovative imaging metric for quality assurance (QA) of the multi‐leaf collimator (MLC). Additionally, we compared the results obtained through SSI* with those derived from a conventional Gamma index test for three types of Varian machines (Trilogy, Truebeam, and Edge) over a 12‐week period of MLC QA in our clinic.MethodTo assess sensitivity to MLC positioning errors, we designed a 1 cm slit on the reference MLC, subsequently shifted by 0.5–5 mm on the target MLC. For evaluating sensitivity to output error, we irradiated five 25 cm × 25 cm open fields on the portal image with varying Monitor Units (MUs) of 96–100. We compared SSI* and Gamma index tests using three linear accelerator (LINAC) machines: Varian Trilogy, Truebeam, and Edge, with MLC leaf widths of 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mm. Weekly QA included VMAT and static field modes, with Picket fence test images acquired. Mechanical uncertainties related to the LINAC head, electronic portal imaging device (EPID), and MLC during gantry rotation and leaf motion were monitored.ResultsThe Gamma index test started detecting the MLC shift at a threshold of 4 mm, whereas the SSI* metric showed sensitivity to shifts as small as 2 mm. Moreover, the Gamma index test identified dose changes at 95MUs, indicating a 5% dose difference based on the distance to agreement (DTA)/dose difference (DD) criteria of 1 mm/3%. In contrast, the SSI* metric alerted to dose differences starting from 97MUs, corresponding to a 3% dose difference. The Gamma index test passed all measurements conducted on each machine. However, the SSI* metric rejected all measurements from the Edge and Trilogy machines and two from the Truebeam.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that the SSI* exhibits greater sensitivity than the Gamma index test in detecting MLC positioning errors and dose changes between static and VMAT modes. The SSI* metric outperformed the Gamma index test regarding sensitivity across these parameters.
“What if…?”: Vividness and frequency of counterfactual thinking in survivors of terrorism
Authors: Undset Andrea , Jensen Tine K. , Dyb Grete , Wentzel‐Larsen Tore , Blix Ines 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAfter traumatic experiences, it is common to think about alternative scenarios or outcomes of the event. This is often referred to as counterfactual thoughts (CFT), and CFT after trauma have been associated with posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR). In this study, we aimed to: (1) investigate the relationship between the vividness and frequency of CFT and PTSR, and to (2) examine the associations between exposure, peri‐traumatic reactions, physical injury and the loss of someone close, and the subsequent vividness and frequency of CFT. The participants (N = 289) were survivors of a terror attack in Norway. More vivid and frequent CFT were significantly and independently related to more PTSR. Exposure during trauma was significantly associated with more vivid CFT in the unadjusted regression model. No further significant relationships were found between exposure, peri‐traumatic reactions, physical injury and the loss of someone close, and the vividness and frequency of CFT. As CFT are common after trauma and potentially cause distress, clinicians should identify and validate CFT, and provide coping assistance.
High‐Strength Self‐Healable Supercapacitor Based on Supramolecular Polymer Hydrogel with Upper Critical Solubility Temperature
Authors: Elashnikov Roman , Khrystonko Olena , Jilková Tereza , Rimpelová Silvie , Prchal Jan , Khalakhan Ivan , Kolská Zdeňka , Švorčík Václav , Lyutakov Oleksiy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHere, poly(N‐acryloylglycinamide‐co‐vinyltriazole) p(NAGA‐co‐VTZ) supramolecular polymer hydrogel doped with carbonized and activated polypyrrole nanotubes as a high‐strength self‐healable material is presented for supercapacitors. Initially, the p(NAGA‐co‐VTZ) hydrogel films are synthesized by photopolymerization of N‐acryloylglycinamide and 1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole without the use of any cross‐linkers. The hydrogels demonstrated remarkable self‐healing ability via hydrogen bonding at temperatures above upper critical solubility temperature, excellent mechanical properties (0.86 MPa), large stretchability (1300%) and cut resistance. Subsequently, carbonized and ethanol/KOH‐activated polypyrrole nanotubes (acNTs) are prepared as the active material for electrochemical double‐layer capacitors (EDLC). Then, a symmetric self‐healable supercapacitor employing p(NAGA‐co‐VTZ) hydrogel, acNTs and aqueous 3 m KCl solution is assembled. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements show that the prepared device gives a specific capacitance of 282.62 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a high areal capacitance of 316.86 mF cm−2 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Importantly, the supercapacitor operates over a wide voltage window (0–1.2 V) and provides excellent cyclic performance with capacitance retention of 97% after 10 000 cycles and 94% after self‐healing. In summary, the developed self‐healable supercapacitor exhibits considerable potential as a high‐performance energy storage device.
A Novel BST@TPU Membrane with Superior UV Durability for Highly Efficient Daytime Radiative Cooling
Authors: Li Xin , Pattelli Lorenzo , Ding Zhenmin , Chen Mingjun , Zhao Tao , Li Yao , Xu Hongbo , Pan Lei , Zhao Jiupeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPassive radiative cooling technologies play an integral role in advancing sustainable development. While the potential of polymer‐based radiative cooling materials is increasingly recognized, they often degrade under prolonged ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, which undermines both their mechanical and radiative cooling performance. To address this challenge, a coaxial electrospinning method to prepare a BST@TPU membrane, with a core layer of strontium barium titanate nanorods (BST NRs) and a shell layer of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is employed. Capitalizing on the UV absorption and free radical adsorption properties of BST NRs, the UV stability of the TPU membrane is significantly increased. Additionally, the inclusion of high refractive index BST NRs compensates for the decrease in reflectivity caused by their UV absorption. After 216 h of continuous 0.7 kW m−2 UV irradiation, the BST@TPU membrane, which initially exhibits a reflectance of 97.2%, demonstrated a modest decline to 92.1%. Its net radiative cooling power maintains 85.78 W m−2 from the initial of 125.21 W m−2, extending the useful lifetime of the TPU membrane threefold. This innovation extends promise for enhancing the efficiency and durability of radiative cooling materials, contributing to sustainable cooling solutions across various applications.
Shielding‐Anchoring Double Protection Tactics of Imidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazine Additive for Ultrastable Zinc Anode
Authors: Gu Xingxing , Du Yixun , Ren Xiaolei , Ma Fengcan , Zhang Xianfu , Li Meng , Wang Qinghong , Zhang Long , Lai Chao , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐based energy storage devices have competitive advantages such as high power density, good safety, and wide source. However, because of the direct touch among zinc anode and aqueous electrolyte, dendrite growth and electrode side reactions are easy to occur in the plating and striping process, which seriously hinders the further development of aqueous zinc‐based energy storage devices. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems to expand the existing energy storage devices. In this work, by adding an imidazo[1,2‐b]pyridazine (IP) electrolyte additive, the dendrites' growth and corrosion on the zinc anode surface could be effectively inhibited by the shielding‐anchoring double effects, which are verified by the comprehensive in situ and ex situ characterization techniques as well as the theoretical calculation support. Accordingly, the IP‐based electrolyte encourages extremely high stable zinc anode (cycling 2200 h at 1 mA cm−2) with high average Coulombic efficiency (98.72%). Moreover, the IP‐based Zn‐V2O5 full battery also exhibits excellent reversible capacity, reaching 160.8 mAh g−1 after 400 cycles at 2 A g−1. Through a straightforward alteration to the Zn anode surface, this study considerably enhances the use of highly stable and secure aqueous zinc‐ion batteries.
Self‐Enhancement of Perfluorinated Sulfonic Acid Proton Exchange Membrane with Its Own Nanofibers
Authors: Zeng Lingping , Lu Xiaoli , Yuan Caili , Yuan Wei , Chen Ke , Guo Jingying , Zhang Xiaoxi , Wang Jianchuan , Liao Qiang , Wei Zidong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance proton exchange membrane (PEM) is crucial for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Herein, a novel “self‐enhanced” PEM is fabricated for the first time, which is composed of perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) resin and its own nanofibers as reinforcement. With this strategy, the interfacial compatibility issue of conventional fiber‐reinforced membranes is fully addressed and up to 80 wt% loading of PFSA nanofibers can be incorporated. Furthermore, on account of chain orientation within the PFSA nanofiber, single fiber exhibits super‐high conductivity of 1.45 S cm−1, leading to state‐of‐the‐art proton conductivity (1.1 S cm−1) of the as‐prepared “self‐enhanced” PEM so far, which is an order of magnitude increase compared with the bulk PFSA membrane (0.29 S cm−1). It surpasses any commercial PEM including the popular GORE‐SELECT and Nafion HP membranes and is the only PEM with conductivity at 100 S cm−1 level. In addition, the mechanical strength and swelling ratio of membranes are both substantially improved simultaneously. Based on the high‐performance “self‐enhanced” PEM, high peak power densities of up to 3.6 W cm−2 and 1.7 W cm−2 are achieved in H2‐O2 and H2‐Air fuel cells, respectively. This strategy can be applied in any polymeric electrolyte membrane.
The Uridylyl Transferase TUT7‐Mediated Accumulation of Exosomal miR‐1246 Reprograms TAMs to Support CRC Progression
Authors: Feng Yifei , Jin Chi , Wang Tuo , Chen Zhihao , Ji Dongjian , Zhang Yue , Zhang Chuan , Zhang Dongsheng , Peng Wen , Sun Yueming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in promoting tumor growth and dissemination, motivating a search for key targets to interfere with the activation of TAMs or reprogram TAMs into the tumor‐suppressive type. To gain insight into the mechanisms of macrophage polarization, a designed co‐culture system is established, allowing for the education of macrophages in a manner that closely mimics the intricacies of TAMs in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Through database mining, exosomal miR‐1246 is identified and is then validated. Exosomal miR‐1246‐driven polarization of TAMs disrupts the infiltration and function of CD8+ T cells. Mechanically, the amassment of exosomal miR‐1246 stems from TUT7‐mediated degradation of small noncoding RNA, a process stabilized by SNRPB, but not the precursor of miR‐1246. Moreover, an Exo‐motif is present in the exosomal miR‐1246 sequence, enabling it to bind with the exosomal sorting protein hnRNPA2B1. RNA‐seq analysis reveals that exogenous miR‐1246 modulates the polarization of TAMs at a post‐transcriptional level, emphasizing the pivotal role of the NLRP3 in macrophage polarization. In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of exosomal miR‐1246 as a trigger of macrophage reprogramming and uncover a novel mechanism for its enhanced presence in the TIME.
Radiotherapy‐Induced Astrocyte Senescence Promotes an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Glioblastoma to Facilitate Tumor Regrowth
Authors: Ji Jianxiong , Ding Kaikai , Cheng Bo , Zhang Xin , Luo Tao , Huang Bin , Yu Hao , Chen Yike , Xu Xiaohui , Lin Haopu , Zhou Jiayin , Wang Tingtin , Jin Mengmeng , Liu Aixia , Yan Danfang , Liu Fuyi , Wang Chun , Chen Jingsen , Yan Feng , Wang Lin , Zhang Jianmin , Yan Senxiang , Wang Jian , Li Xingang , Chen Gao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that changes in the tumor microenvironment caused by radiotherapy are closely related to the recurrence of glioma. However, the mechanisms by which such radiation‐induced changes are involved in tumor regrowth have not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, how cranial irradiation‐induced senescence in non‐neoplastic brain cells contributes to glioma progression is explored. It is observed that senescent brain cells facilitated tumor regrowth by enhancing the peripheral recruitment of myeloid inflammatory cells in glioblastoma. Further, it is identified that astrocytes are one of the most susceptible senescent populations and that they promoted chemokine secretion in glioma cells via the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. By using senolytic agents after radiotherapy to eliminate these senescent cells substantially prolonged survival time in preclinical models. The findings suggest the tumor‐promoting role of senescent astrocytes in the irradiated glioma microenvironment and emphasize the translational relevance of senolytic agents for enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy in gliomas.
Detection of Blood Clots Using a Whole Stent as an Active Implantable Biosensor
Authors: Kirimi Mahmut Talha , Hoare Daniel , Holsgrove Michael , Czyzewski Jakup , Mirzai Nosrat , Mercer John R. , Neale Steve L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany cardiovascular problems stem from blockages that form within the vasculature and often treatment includes fitting a stent through percutaneous coronary intervention. This offers a minimally invasive therapy but re‐occlusion through restenosis or thrombosis formation often occurs post‐deployment. Research is ongoing into the creation of smart stents that can detect the occurrence of further problems. In this study, it is shown that selectively metalizing a non‐conductive stent can create a set of electrodes that are capable of detecting a build‐up of material around the stent. The associated increase in electrical impedance across the electrodes is measured, testing the stent with blood clot to mimic thrombosis. It is shown that the device is capable of sensing different amounts of occlusion. The stent can reproducibly sense the presence of clot showing a 16% +/−3% increase in impedance which is sufficient to reliably detect the clot when surrounded by explanted aorta (one samplet‐test,p= 0.009,n= 9). It is demonstrated that this approach can be extended beyond the 3D printed prototypes by showing that it can be applied to a commercially available stent and it is believed that it can be further utilized by other types of medical implants.