bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poverty alleviation and health services for the poor in China: evidence from national health service surveys in 2013 and 2018
Authors: Liu Xiaoyun , Li Mingyue , Zhu He , Liu Qinqin , Xie Xueqin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
China has made intensive efforts to eliminate extreme poverty by 2020. This paper aims to evaluate the changes in health service needs, utilization, and medical expenses for poor people during the poverty alleviation period.

Methods
The study used data from national health services surveys in 2013 and 2018. The poor people were identified and certified by the local government. Health service needs, utilization, medical expenses, and reimbursement rates were analyzed and compared between 2013 and 2018, between the poor and the non-poor groups.

Results
People living in poverty were usually elderly, illiterate, and unemployed. The poor people had a significantly higher two-week morbidity rate and a higher prevalence of chorionic non-communicable diseases than the non-poor group. For both the poor and non-poor, health service needs increased between 2013 and 2018. Accordingly, the poor people had more use of outpatient and inpatient services. The annual inpatient admission rates were 20.8% and 13.1% for the poor and non-poor, respectively, in 2018. The average medical expenses per inpatient admission were much lower for the poor than for the non-poor. Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment share decreased from 41.9% to 2013 to 31.9% in 2018 for the poor, while for the non-poor, the OOP rate was much higher (45.4%) and had no significant changes between the two surveys. The reduction in the OOP share occurred mostly in rural areas.

Conclusions
Poverty alleviation in China may have positive effect in improving poor people’s access to health services, and reducing their financial burden due to illness and health service utilization.
A qualitative study to elicit user requirements for lower limb wearable exoskeletons for gait rehabilitation in spinal cord injury
Authors: Herrera-Valenzuela Diana , Díaz-Peña Laura , Redondo-Galán Carolina , Arroyo María José , Cascante-Gutiérrez Lía , Gil-Agudo Ángel , Moreno Juan C. , del-Ama Antonio J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
We aim to determine a comprehensive set of requirements, perceptions, and expectations that people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and the clinicians in charge of their rehabilitation have regarding the use of wearable robots (WR) for gait rehabilitation.

Background
There are concerns due to the limited user acceptance of WR for gait rehabilitation. Developers need to emphasize understanding the needs and constraints of all stakeholders involved, including the real-life dynamics of rehabilitation centers.

Methods
15 people with SCI, 9 without experience with WR and 6 with experience with these technologies, and 10 clinicians from 3 rehabilitation centers in Spain were interviewed. A directed content analysis approach was used.

Results
78 codes grouped into 9 categories (physical results, usability, psychology-related codes, technical characteristics, activities, acquisition issues, context of use, development of the technologies and clinical rehabilitation context) were expressed by at least 20% of the users interviewed, of whom 16 were not found in the literature. The agreement percentage between each group and subgroup included in the study, calculated as the number of codes that more than 20% of both groups expressed, divided over the total amount of codes any of those two groups agreed on (≥ 20%), showed limited agreement between patients and clinicians (50.00%) and between both types of patients (55.77%). The limited accessibility and availability of lower limb exoskeletons for gait rehabilitation arose in most of the interviews.

Conclusions
The limited agreement percentage between patients and clinicians indicates that including both types of users in the design process of these technologies is important, given that their requirements are complementary. Engaging users with prior technology experience is recommended, as they often exhibit strong internal consensus and articulate well-defined requirements. This study adds up the knowledge available in the literature and the new codes found in our data, which enlighten important aspects that ought to be addressed in the field to develop technologies that respond to users’ needs, are usable and feasible to implement in their intended contexts.

Application
The set of criteria summarized in our study will be useful to guide the design, development, and evaluation of WR for gait rehabilitation to meet user’s needs and allow them to be implemented in their intended context of use.
Differential transcriptome response following infection of porcine ileal enteroids with species A and C rotaviruses
Authors: Raev Sergei A. , Raque Molly , Kick Maryssa K. , Saif Linda J. , Vlasova Anastasia N. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Rotavirus C (RVC) is the major causative agent of acute gastroenteritis in suckling piglets, while most RVAs mostly affect weaned animals. Besides, while most RVA strains can be propagated in MA-104 and other continuous cell lines, attempts to isolate and culture RVC strains remain largely unsuccessful. The host factors associated with these unique RVC characteristics remain unknown.

Methods
In this study, we have comparatively evaluated transcriptome responses of porcine ileal enteroids infected with RVC G1P[1] and two RVA strains (G9P[13] and G5P[7]) with a focus on innate immunity and virus-host receptor interactions.

Results
The analysis of differentially expressed genes regulating antiviral immune response indicated that in contrast to RVA, RVC infection resulted in robust upregulation of expression of the genes encoding pattern recognition receptors including RIG1-like receptors and melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5. RVC infection was associated with a prominent upregulation of the most of glycosyltransferase-encoding genes except for the sialyltransferase-encoding genes which were downregulated similar to the effects observed for G9P[13].

Conclusions
Our results provide novel data highlighting the unique aspects of the RVC-associated host cellular signalling and suggest that increased upregulation of the key antiviral factors maybe one of the mechanisms responsible for RVC age-specific characteristics and its inability to replicate in most cell cultures.
The relationship between the COVID-19 anxiety and self-efficacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: shahrbabaki Parvin Mangolian , lari Leyla Ahmadi , Abolghaseminejad Parniya , Dehghan Mahlagha , Gholamrezaei Emad , Zeidabadinejad Somayeh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The spread of the COVID-19 increased anxiety and stress among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Unpleasant experiences in the lives of these patients reduced their quality of life. Self-efficacy is an effective factor that can improve the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the COVID-19 anxiety and self-efficacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods
This cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study used purposive sampling to select 110 patients undergoing hemodialysis in Sirjan from October to late November 2021. Demographic and clinical information questionnaire, the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS25. A significance level < 0.05 was considered.

Results
The results showed that the mean score of COVID-19 anxiety was 13.14 ± 7.38, which was lower than the midpoint of the questionnaire. The mean self-efficacy score was 57.72 ± 9.68, with 73.8% (N = 79) of the participants having high self-efficacy and 26.2% (N = 28) having moderate self-efficacy. We found no significant relationship between self-efficacy and the COVID-19 anxiety (P = 0.31), as well as between self-efficacy and the psychological dimension of the corona disease anxiety scale (P = 0.96), but we observed a negative, poor and significant relationship between self-efficacy and its physical dimension (P = 0.048).

Conclusions
Patients undergoing hemodialysis showed low anxiety and high self-efficacy. No significant relationship was found between COVID-19 anxiety and self-efficacy, but a weak correlation was observed with the physical dimension of anxiety. Increasing self-efficacy through patient education and support can improve outcomes and reduce hospitalizations for these patients.
Muscle fibrosis as a prognostic biomarker in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ragozzino Elvira , Bortolani Sara , Di Pietro Lorena , Papait Andrea , Parolini Ornella , Monforte Mauro , Tasca Giorgio , Ricci Enzo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant epigenetic disorder with highly variable muscle involvement and disease progression. Ongoing clinical trials, aimed at counteracting muscle degeneration and disease progression in FSHD patients, increase the need for reliable biomarkers. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies showed that the appearance of STIR-positive (STIR+) lesions in FSHD muscles represents an initial stage of muscle damage, preceding irreversible adipose changes. Our study aimed to investigate fibrosis, a parameter of muscle degeneration undetectable by MRI, in relation to disease activity and progression of FSHD muscles. We histologically evaluated collagen in FSHD1 patients’ (STIR+ n = 27, STIR− n = 28) and healthy volunteers’ (n = 12) muscles by picrosirius red staining. All patients (n = 55) performed muscle MRI before biopsy, 45 patients also after 1 year and 36 patients also after 2 years. Fat content (T1 signal) and oedema/inflammation (STIR signal) were evaluated at baseline and at 1- and 2-year MRI follow-up. STIR+ muscles showed significantly higher collagen compared to both STIR− (p = 0.001) and healthy muscles (p < 0.0001). STIR− muscles showed a higher collagen content compared to healthy muscles (p = 0.0194). FSHD muscles with a worsening in fatty infiltration during 1- (P = 0.007) and 2-year (P < 0.0001) MRI follow-up showed a collagen content of 3.6- and 3.7-fold higher compared to FSHD muscles with no sign of progression. Moreover, the fibrosis was significantly higher in STIR+ muscles who showed a worsening in fatty infiltration in a timeframe of 2 years compared to both STIR− (P = 0.0006) and STIR+ muscles with no sign of progression (P = 0.02). Fibrosis is a sign of muscle degeneration undetectable at MRI never deeply investigated in FSHD patients. Our data show that 23/27 of STIR+ and 12/28 STIR− muscles have a higher amount of collagen deposition compared to healthy muscles. Fibrosis is higher in FSHD muscles with a worsening in fatty infiltration thus suggesting that its evaluation with innovative non-invasive techniques could be a candidate prognostic biomarker for FSHD, to be used to stratify patients and to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic treatments.
Gastric cancer simultaneously complicated with extrahepatic bile duct metastasis and portal vein tumor thrombus: a case report
Authors: Otsuka Naohiko , Nakagawa Yasuhiko , Uchinami Hiroshi , Yamamoto Yuzo , Arita Junichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer metastatic to the extrahepatic bile duct or accompanied by portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is rare. To our knowledge, there have been no cases complicated with both of these factors.

Case presentation
A 72-year-old man presented with icterus and melena. A biochemical blood test showed abnormal values for hepatobiliary enzymes and a tumor marker, and abdominal computed tomography scan revealed wall thickening of the lower bile duct with intra- and extra-hepatic bile duct dilatation and PVTT. A biopsy of the lower bile duct during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography demonstrated a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Moreover, gastroduodenoscopy showed a type 3 tumor at the lesser curvature of the gastric antrum, and an endoscopic biopsy demonstrated a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. We diagnosed concomitant gastric cancer and distal bile duct accompanied by PVTT, and pancreatoduodenectomy with combined resection of the portal vein was performed. The resected specimen revealed a tumor in the lesser curvature of the gastric antrum and circumferential wall thickening in the lower bile duct. In pathological findings, infiltration of a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma from the mucosal layer to the subserosal layer of the stomach was observed. In contrast, a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma demonstrating the same histological type as the gastric cancer had spread not to the mucosal layer but mainly to the fibromuscular layer of the lower bile duct. Immunohistochemical staining showed identical patterns between gastric cancer and the bile duct tumor: negativity for cytokeratin 7 (CK7), and positivity for CK19 and 20. Therefore, the final diagnosis was extrahepatic bile duct metastasis from gastric cancer with PVTT. Unfortunately, multiple liver metastases occurred in the early postoperative period and chemotherapy was conducted, but the patient died 12 months after the surgery.

Conclusions
In the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct metastasis, immunohistochemical staining of gastric cancer and the bile duct tumor was essential and helpful as decisive evidence.
Time-sequential fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in elastin-variable 3D hydrogel environments by collagen networks
Authors: Do Nhuan T. , Lee Sun Young , Lee Yoon Seo , Shin ChaeHo , Kim Daeho , Lee Tae Geol , Son Jin Gyeong , Kim Se-Hwa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Fibrosis plays an important role in both normal physiological and pathological phenomena as fibroblasts differentiate to myofibroblasts. The activation of fibroblasts is determined through interactions with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, how this fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) is regulated and affected by elastin concentration in a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment has not been investigated.

Methods
We developed an insoluble elastin-gradient 3D hydrogel system for long-lasting cell culture and studied the molecular mechanisms of the FMT in embedded cells by nanoflow LC–MS/MS analysis along with validation through real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining.

Results
By optimizing pH and temperature, four 3D hydrogels containing fibroblasts were successfully fabricated having elastin concentrations of 0, 20, 50, and 80% in collagen. At the low elastin level (20%), fibroblast proliferation was significantly increased compared to others, and in particular, the FMT was clearly observed in this condition. Moreover, through mass spectrometry of the hydrogel environment, it was confirmed that differentiation proceeded in two stages. In the early stage, calcium-dependent proteins including calmodulin and S100A4 were highly associated. On the other hand, in the late stage after several passages of cells, distinct markers of myofibroblasts were presented such as morphological changes, increased production of ECM, and increased α-SMA expression. We also demonstrated that the low level of elastin concentration induced some cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) markers, including PDGFR-β, and fibrosis-related disease markers, including THY-1.

Conclusion
Using our developed 3D elastin-gradient hydrogel system, we evaluated the effect of different elastin concentrations on the FMT. The FMT was induced even at a low concentration of elastin with increasing CAF level via calcium signaling. With this system, we were able to analyze varying protein expressions in the overall FMT process over several cellular passages. Our results suggest that the elastin-gradient system employing nonlinear optics imaging provides a good platform to study activated fibroblasts interacting with the microenvironment, where the ECM plays a pivotal role.

Graphical Abstract
Effects of non-stationary wind velocity models on buffeting performance of closed-box girder suspension bridges
Authors: Zhou Rui , Lin Yinan , Lu Peng , Yang Yongxin , Zhu Jinbo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Non-stationary characteristic in nature wind has a great effect on buffeting performance of long-span bridges. The influence of key parameters in non-stationary wind velocity models on nonlinear buffeting responses of a super long-span suspension bridge was investigated in this paper. Firstly, four non-stationary wind velocity models are established by combing the time-varying average wind velocity with an exponential function and the fluctuating wind velocity with four modulation functions, respectively. These non-stationary wind velocity models have obvious non-stationary characteristics and then are validated by the classical power spectrum densities. Finally, three displacement responses of the bridge deck under four different independent variables of β in the exponential function and four modulation functions were compared, respectively. Results show that the turbulence intensities using two non-uniform modulation functions (NMF) are larger than those using uniform modulation functions (uMF). Moreover, the root mean square (RMS) values of three displacement responses increase with the decrease of β. Besides, the RMS values of three displacement under two NMFs are larger than those under two uMFs, and their RMS values under the second uMF are the smallest.
God’s “Inspired and Inspiring” Word in Acts 1:15–26
Authors: Podeszwa Paweł 
Published: October 2023

Słowo Boże „natchnione i inspirujące” w Dz 1,15–26
Dokument Papieskiej Komisji Biblijnej „Natchnienie i prawda Pisma Świętego”, wydany w 2014 roku, wspomina o „natchnionym i inspirującym” (ispirato e ispirante) charakterze tekstów biblijnych. Użyte wyrażenie jednoznacznie wskazuje, że inspirujący charakter Biblii pozostaje istotnym efektem jej natchnienia. Tematem artykułu jest zilustrowanie powyższej prawdy w świetle opowiadania o uzupełnieniu grona Dwunastu po zdradzie Judasza (Dz 1,15–26). Znajdujące się tam dwa odniesienia skrypturystyczne do starotestamentowej Księgi Psalmów (69,26 oraz 109,8) oraz sposób ich odczytania zaproponowany przez Łukasza, doskonale ilustrują prawdę nie tylko o natchnieniu słowa Bożego, ale także o jego inspirującym charakterze, którego nie należy ograniczać wyłącznie do inspiracji twórczej czy historii oddziaływania tekstu. Duch Święty mówi do Kościoła i przez Kościół. Wspólnota otwarta na obecność Ducha i Jego moc, słucha i przyjmuje słowo Boże, a także interpretację, aktualizującą je jako słowo prawdziwe, to znaczy odpowiadające adekwatnie intencji Boga, który je wypowiedział do człowieka, zawierające dynamiczną treść, w pełni koherentną z wymaganiami Boga i aspiracjami człowieka, niosące całą nowość Chrystusa i będące zdolnymi do komunikowanie jej wierzącym. W ten sposób słowo Boże „tchnie Duchem”, dzięki czemu wspólnota poznaje wolę Boga oraz angażuje się w jej wypełnienie z miłością.
Current Account Uncertainty and Currency Premia
Authors: Della Corte Pasquale , Krecetovs Aleksejs 
Published: October 2023

We empirically study the relationship between currency excess returns and current account uncertainty, measured as forecast dispersion. We find that investment currencies deliver low returns, whereas funding currencies offer a hedge when current account uncertainty is unexpectedly high. Moreover, an increase in current account uncertainty is associated with higher expected future excess returns on investment currencies. This mechanism is consistent with the recent advances in exchange rate theory based on capital flows in imperfect financial markets. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: A. Krecetovs thanks the Brevan Howard Centre at Imperial College London for financial support. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4949 .
A Perturbation Framework for Convex Minimization and Monotone Inclusion Problems with Nonlinear Compositions
Authors: Briceño-Arias Luis M. , Combettes Patrick L. 
Published: October 2023

We introduce a framework based on Rockafellar’s perturbation theory to analyze and solve general nonsmooth convex minimization and monotone inclusion problems involving nonlinearly composed functions as well as linear compositions. Such problems have been investigated only from a primal perspective and only for nonlinear compositions of smooth functions in finite-dimensional spaces in the absence of linear compositions. In the context of Banach spaces, the proposed perturbation analysis serves as a foundation for the construction of a dual problem and of a maximally monotone Kuhn–Tucker operator, which is decomposable as the sum of simpler monotone operators. In the Hilbertian setting, this decomposition leads to a block-iterative primal-dual algorithm that fully splits all the components of the problem and appears to be the first proximal splitting algorithm for handling nonlinear composite problems. Various applications are discussed. Funding: The work of L. M. Briceño-Arias was supported by Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo-Chile [Grant Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico 1190871, Grant Centro de Modelamiento Matemático ACE210010, Grant Centro de Modelamiento Matemático FB210005, and basal Funds for Centers of Excellence], and the work of P. L. Combettes was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant DMS-1818946].
A Review on Viscometer Devices for Gas Phase
Authors: Yusibani Elin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract -Viscosity, one of the transport properties, is a basic property required for developing any device in which fluid flows. In the present paper, major gas viscometers devices are reviewed. The review is covering to the pressures and the temperatures ranges, methods and accuracy of the instruments, and the coefficient of viscosity-range of the sample. This study is expected become useful information for any researcher who wants to develop a gas viscometer apparatus in a near future. By identifying the coefficient of viscosity-range and the easurement-range of temperatures and pressures, then we can choose the effective and efficient method to be developed.
Broadband and strength-switchable circular dichroism in a Ge2Sb2Te5-based metasurface
Authors: Wang Zhihong , Zhao Songliang , Jiang Huan , Peng Kangzhun , Zhao Weiren 
Published: October 2023

Circular dichroism (CD) is highly required in the applications of biological detection and analytical chemistry. In this paper, we achieved a giant, broadband, and strength-switchable CD effect in a quadruple z-shaped Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) metasurface. At the amorphous state of GST (a-GST), the giant CD reaches 0.92 and the width of the absorption >0.80 is about 100 nm. The giant and broadband CD originates from polarization selective excitations of Mie resonances and the coupling between subunit resonators. With the transition from a-GST to crystalline GST, CD could be dynamically switched from 0.92 to 0.05. The GST-based metasurfaces with giant and wide-range switching CD will promote the development of active chiral devices.