bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of doping Si3N4 nanoparticles on the properties and microstructure of Sn58Bi solder for connecting Cu substrate
Authors: Deng Kai , Zhang Liang , Chen Chen , Lu Xiao , Sun Lei , Guo Xing-Yu 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the feasibility of adding Si3N4 nanoparticles to Sn58Bi and provides a theoretical basis for designing and applying new lead-free solder materials for the electronic packaging industry.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, Sn58Bi-xSi3N4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 Wt.%) was prepared for bonding Cu substrate, and the changes in thermal properties, wettability, microstructure, interfacial intermetallic compound and mechanical properties of the composite solder were systematically studied.

Findings
The experiment results demonstrate that including Si3N4 nanoparticles does not significantly impact the melting point of Sn58Bi solder, and the undercooling degree of solder only fluctuates slightly. The molten solder spreading area reached a maximum of 96.17 mm2, raised by 19.41% relative to those without Si3N4, and the wetting angle was the smallest at 0.6 Wt.% of Si3N4, with a minimum value of 8.35°. When the Si3N4 nanoparticles reach 0.6 Wt.%, the solder joint microstructure is significantly refined. Appropriately adding Si3N4 nanoparticles will slightly increase the solder alloy hardness. When the concentration of Si3N4 reaches 0.6 Wt.%, the joints shear strength reached 45.30 MPa, representing a 49.85% increase compared to those without additives. A thorough examination indicates that legitimately incorporating Si3N4 nanoparticles into Sn58Bi solder can enhance its synthetical performance, and 0.6 Wt.% is the best addition amount in our test setting.

Originality/value
In this paper, Si3N4 nanoparticles were incorporated into Sn58Bi solder, and the effects of different contents of Si3N4 nanoparticles on Sn58Bi solder were investigated from various aspects.
What’s next: Evergreen Marine Corp. after the Suez Canal incident
Authors: Lin Jasmin , Yang Qin , Minutolo Marcel C. 
Published: February 2024

Research methodology
This case study was built from secondary data such as news articles and videos. Several drafts of the case study with teaching note were tested in classroom settings and shared at a case writing conference. The case was revised based on feedback from students and roundtable discussions from the conference.

Case overview/synopsis
“What’s next: Ever Given after the Suez Canal incident (Evergreen Marine Corporation in, 2022)” explores the situation of the firm Evergreen Marine Corporation, a world-leading cargo shipping company headquartered in Taiwan, and its efforts to deal with challenges stemming from a pandemic and the global supply chain transition. The case provides background on the latest changes in global business environments, the Suez Canal Incident stemming from the grounding of Ever Given and firm-specific information, which would help students to understand the context affecting Evergreen Marine Corporation’s (EMC) strategic decisions. The case enables students to evaluate EMC’s overall position and to analyze the actions that they can take to deal with these challenges in a dynamic global environment.

Complexity academic level
This case would be appropriate for a course in strategy or international business, especially with the topic of international supply chain management.
Charting creativity in government: the relationship between transformational leadership, psychological empowerment and employee creative performance
Authors: Alhosani Asma Ali , Ahmad Syed Zamberi 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the link between transformational leadership and employee creativity through the lens of self-determination theory, with psychological empowerment serving as a mediating factor. Additionally, it will examine how financial rewards and job formalization might moderate this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a survey approach, targeting employees and supervisors from government ministries in the United Arab Emirates through purposive sampling. The study collected data from 254 participants via an online questionnaire and analyzed it using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique in SmartPLS4.

Findings
The results show that transformational leadership has a significant impact on the psychological empowerment and creative performance of employees. The relationship between transformative leadership and employee creative performance is mediated by psychological empowerment. Additionally, the moderating effects of financial rewards and job formalization are explored. The findings do not support the moderating role of job formalization, and financial rewards negatively moderate the transformational leadership–psychological empowerment relationship.

Research limitations/implications
The research is centered on a particular cultural setting and government ministry employees, thus limiting the generalizability.

Originality/value
This study explores at how transformational leadership affects employee creativity, considering the role of psychological empowerment and how financial rewards and job structure might influence this relationship.
Enhancing the resolution of three‐dimensional migration images based on space‐variant point spread function deconvolution
Authors: Liu Cewen , Sun Mengyao , Wu Wei , Dai Nanxun , Guo Mingjie , Wei Yanwen , Wu Xiaofeng , Fu Haohuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractImproving the resolution of seismic migration images plays an important role for geophysical interpreters to characterize underground reservoirs. However, the classical image domain least‐squares migration method based on the local‐stationary assumption cannot obtain a satisfactory high‐resolution seismic image due to the significant spatial variant characteristics of the point spread function. To mitigate this problem, we proposed a high‐resolution point spread function deconvolution method and applied it to two‐dimensional cases. Nevertheless, extending the two‐dimensional method to three‐dimensional problems directly would fail due to the intrinsic complexity in three‐dimensional cases. In this study, we resolve the differences encountered in the point spread function deconvolution method for two‐ and three‐dimensional cases and provide specific strategies for achieving high‐resolution imaging with low computational cost when extending the point spread function deconvolution method to three‐dimensional cases. The main schemes include (1) incorporating the analytical expression of the point spread function to guide the generation of three‐dimensional point spread function distributions, (2) extending the point spread function filter calculation method from a two‐dimensional square to a three‐dimensional rectangular prism and (3) interpolating to obtain more compact point spread functions for reducing migration artefacts. Results from the three‐dimensional synthetic Overthrust model and field data set demonstrate that our techniques could effectively enhance the spatial resolution of the migration images with reduced migration artefacts. With these specific strategies, the space‐variant point spread function deconvolution algorithm shows superior performance on three‐dimensional cases at a much lower computational cost compared with the classical least‐squares migration method and the local‐stationary deblurring method. Synthetic tests and real data applications confirm that the space‐variant point spread function deconvolution method has distinct advantages over both two‐ and three‐dimensional problems and can be widely adopted in practice.
Rapid evolution of flower phenology and clonality in restored populations of multiple grassland species
Authors: Bucharova Anna , Conrady Malte , Klein‐Raufhake Theresa , Ratka Victoria , Schultz Franziska , Hölzel Norbert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Restoration of terrestrial ecosystems often requires re‐introduction of plants. In restored sites, the plants often face environments that differ from those of natural populations. This can affect plant traits, reduce performance and impose novel selection pressures. As a response, restored populations might rapidly evolve and adapt to the novel conditions. This may enhance population survival and contribute to restoration success, but has been rarely tested so far.

Here, we focused on populations of three grassland species restored 20 years ago (Galium wirtgenii, Inula salicina and Centaurea jacea) by the transfer of green hay, and compared them with donor populations that were the source of the hay. We measured plants both in situ, and in a common garden under control and three stress conditions.

In situ, plants in restored sites flowered earlier than plants in donor sites in two out of the three species. In the common garden, plants from the restored populations flowered earlier (in Galium) or showed increased plasticity of clonal propagation in response to clipping (in Inula). Both these traits suggest rapid adaptation to the contrasting mowing regimes in restored in comparison with the donor sites. In Centaurea, we detected no differentiation, neither in situ, nor in the common garden.

Synthesis and applications. Grassland plants introduced into degraded habitats within the framework of ecological restoration may quite commonly evolve in response to novel selection pressures at restored sites. This rapid evolution likely increases the plant's adaptation to the new conditions of the restored grassland and thus enhances the likelihood of survival of the population and ultimately restoration success. While most practitioners do not consider evolution to be part of restoration, our finding highlights that restored populations of grassland species can be systems with considerable eco‐evolutionary dynamics.
The normality/emergency imaginary, contingency and political possibility: Analysing the UK pandemic response
Authors: Narby Petter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe outside of normality and normal politics is commonly referred to as emergencies, crises and disasters. The paper describes and analyses this normality/emergency imaginary by relating it to questions about order, necessity and contingency. The paper draws upon Sergei Prozorov's work on order and its excess to examine the shift in the United Kingdom pandemic response from recommendations to mandates and regulations in late March 2020. It is argued that the normality/emergency imaginary transposes the more general problem of necessity and contingency into a less complex one, thus providing a solution to questions of order, but that this displaces and eludes the important questions of contingency as a precondition for politics. Specifically, it reduces questions of order and contingency to a choice between normality or emergency where normality is rendered just and emergency measures come to be seen as necessary and un‐political. Indeed, the normality/emergency imaginary, and in particular the assumption that it is analogous to the order/contingency problem, makes it difficult to mount a political critique of emergency measures that does not reproduce and reaffirm the problem that motivates it.
Protective action as an enduring keystone of risk communication: Effective form, function and process of risk messaging as advocated by global higher education practitioners during a pandemic
Authors: Schwarz Andreas , Sellnow Timothy , Geppert Johanna , Sellnow Deanna D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRisk communication is a keystone in crisis prevention and mitigation. For that purpose, many institutions worldwide have the task of translating scientific risk information into actionable messages for public safety. As a collaboration among international risk and crisis communication scholars and practitioners, we sought to identify what risk communication practitioners at higher education organizations in the Global South and North identify as essential elements of effective risk communication, based on 32 interviews in 16 countries during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (June–August, 2020). Results exemplify a shared vision for addressing the stickiest, most wicked challenges to effective risk communication globally. The interviews revealed globally shared best practices related to form, function, and process leading directly to what we consider the keystone of effective risk communication: saving lives (outcome).
Nucleoporin93 limits Yap activity to prevent endothelial cell senescence
Authors: Nguyen Tung D. , Rao Mihir K. , Dhyani Shaiva P. , Banks Justin M. , Winek Michael A. , Michalkiewicz Julia , Lee Monica Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs the innermost lining of the vasculature, endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly subjected to systemic inflammation and particularly vulnerable to aging. Endothelial health is hence vital to prevent age‐related vascular disease. Healthy ECs rely on the proper localization of transcription factors via nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) to govern cellular behavior. Emerging studies report NPC degradation with natural aging, suggesting impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport in age‐associated EC dysfunction. We herein identify nucleoporin93 (Nup93), a crucial structural NPC protein, as an indispensable player in vascular protection. Endothelial Nup93 protein levels are significantly reduced in the vasculature of aged mice, paralleling observations of Nup93 loss when using in vitro models of EC senescence. The loss of Nup93 in human ECs induces cell senescence and promotes the expression of inflammatory adhesion molecules, where restoring Nup93 protein in senescent ECs reverses features of endothelial aging. Mechanistically, we find that both senescence and loss of Nup93 impair endothelial NPC transport, leading to nuclear accumulation of Yap and downstream inflammation. Pharmacological studies indicate Yap hyperactivation as the primary consequence of senescence and Nup93 loss in ECs. Collectively, our findings indicate that the maintenance of endothelial Nup93 is a key determinant of EC health, where aging targets endothelial Nup93 levels to impair NPC function as a novel mechanism of EC senescence and vascular aging.
Letter: The multifaceted role of Escherichia coli in influencing disorders of industrial populations
Authors: Ingrosso Maria Rosa , Gasbarrini Antonio , Cammarota Giovanni , Ianiro Gianluca 
Published: February 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Faqerah et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17720 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17883
Effect of different inflammation states on the antimicrobial components in milk of goat udders after milking cessation
Authors: Sun Jinkun , Suzuki Naoki , Nii Takahiro , Isobe Naoki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of milking cessation under different inflammatory conditions on the changes in antimicrobial components in milk and the process of mammary gland involution. Twenty udder halves were divided into two groups: those with (LPS) and without (control) lipopolysaccharide infusion, followed by cessation of milking for 8 weeks. Milk samples were collected weekly. Udder tissue was collected 4 weeks after milking cessation to measure the area of the lobule and connective tissue. After milking cessation, the somatic cell count (SCC) in the control group increased, whereas that in the LPS group did not. Lactoferrin (LF) and cathelicidin (Cath)‐2 concentrations increased in both groups, whereas only LF was significantly lower in the LPS group than in the control group at week 4. The Cath‐7 and S100A8 concentrations were significantly lower in the LPS group than in the control group. The lobule area was higher, and the connective tissue area was lower in the LPS group than in the control group. These results indicate that inflammation at milking cessation decreased the concentrations of some antimicrobial components and interfered with mammary gland involution. Therefore, animals with mastitis should recover prior to the onset of the dry period.
Inappropriate prescribing in patients with kidney disease: A rapid review of prevalence, associated clinical outcomes and impact of interventions
Authors: Hamzaei Zohra , Houlind Morten Baltzer , Kjeldsen Lene Juel , Christensen Louise Westberg Strejby , Walls Anne Byriel , Aharaz Anissa , Olesen Charlotte , Coric Faruk , Revell Joo Hanne Poulsen , Ravn‐Nielsen Lene Vestergaard , Andersen Trine Rune Høgh , Hedegaard Ulla 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and polypharmacy is increasing and has amplified the importance of examining inappropriate prescribing (IP) in CKD. This review focuses on the latest research regarding the prevalence of IP in CKD and the related adverse clinical effects and explores new interventions against IP.MethodA literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library searching articles published between June 2016 and March 2022.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies were included. An IP prevalence of 12.6% to 96% and 0.3% to 66% was reported in hospital and outpatient settings, respectively. In nonhospital settings, the prevalence of IP varied between 3.9% and 60%. IP was associated with higher risk of hospitalisation (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.17–1.81), higher bleeding rate (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.32 to 3.37) and higher risk of all‐cause mortality (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.13). Three studies reported the impact of interventions on IP.ConclusionThis review highlights widespread IP in CKD patients across healthcare settings, with varying prevalence rates. IP is substantially linked to adverse outcomes in patients. While limited interventions show promise, urgent research is needed to develop effective strategies addressing IP and improving CKD patient care.
Fostering pro‐environmental behavior at work: A self‐determination theory perspective
Authors: Maco Matus , Kwon Jimin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWith a growing corporate interest in pursuing public goods, numerous firms today endeavor to practice corporate social responsibility. Utilizing a multilevel structural equation modeling approach, we investigated the topic of employees' pro‐environmental behavior, contributing to the growing literature on “green” issues in the workplace. We incorporated self‐determination theory to examine how individuals' perceptions regarding their corporate environmental policies reflected in firm‐level green psychological climate influence their environment‐specific self‐regulation, and whether support of autonomy, relatedness, and competence psychological needs moderates this relationship. The relationship between environment‐specific self‐regulation and employees' engagement in pro‐environmental behavior was also further explained. Analysis of the data from 649 employees working in 37 major South Korean companies revealed that firm‐level green psychological climate is positively related to employees' environment‐specific self‐regulation and that environment‐specific self‐regulation is also positively related to their pro‐environmental behavior. Moreover, while we found that the positive association between firm‐level green psychological climate and employees' environment‐specific self‐regulation was stronger when they had a higher level of relatedness need satisfaction, interactions between firm‐level green psychological climate with autonomy and competence need satisfaction did not demonstrate any significant effects. Theoretical and practical contributions together with suggestions for related future research are discussed as well.
Can nerve monitoring during radical prostatectomy improve functional outcomes? A randomised trial
Authors: Nolsøe Alexander B. , Østergren Peter Busch , Jakobsen Henrik , Jensen Christian Fuglesang S. , Bruun Niels Henrik , Sønksen Jens , Fode Mikkel 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo explore how the use of the ProPep® Nerve Monitoring System (ProPep Surgical, Austin, TX, USA) for intraoperative specific sparing of the pudendal nerve fibres influences postoperative functional outcomes after unilateral nerve‐sparing (UNS) or non‐nerve‐sparing (NNS) robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).Patients and methodsWe randomised 100 men undergoing UNS or NNS RARP to ProPep nerve monitoring during RARP (intervention) or standard of care RARP (control). Functional outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ‐SF), the International Prostate Symptom Score, the Danish Prostate Symptom Score, the International Index of Erectile Function, the Erection Hardness Scale, and 24‐h pad tests. The primary outcome was the difference in ICIQ‐SF score between the groups at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included differences in the remaining outcome measures and continence rates at all time points. Continence was defined as the use of no pads and the answer ‘Never’ to the question: ‘How often do you experience urinary incontinence?’ or a urine loss of <8 g on the 24‐h pad test.ResultsA total of 82 patients were included in the per‐protocol analysis at 12 months with 41 in each group. At 12 months the mean ICIQ‐SF scores were 5.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.71–7.03) and 5.66 (95% CI 4.05–7.27) for the intervention and control groups, respectively (P = 0.8). There were no statistically significant differences in any of the remaining outcomes. However, the continence rate was higher in the intervention group at 6 months (63% vs 44%, P = 0.09).ConclusionsIntraoperative nerve monitoring did not result in better functional outcomes following UNS or NNS RARP. Larger studies are needed to explore if ProPep can reduce the time to continence after RARP.
99mTcPSMA‐radioguided surgery in oligorecurrent prostate cancer: the randomised TRACE‐II trial
Authors: Zuur Lotte G. , de Barros Hilda A. , van Oosterom Matthias N. , Berrens Anne‐Claire , Donswijk Maarten L. , Hendrikx Jeroen J.M.A. , Bekers Elise M. , Vis André N. , Wit Esther M. , van Leeuwen Fijs B. , van der Poel Henk G. , van Leeuwen Pim J. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate whether combination treatment of prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐based radioguided surgery (RGS) with short‐term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves oncological outcomes in men with oligorecurrent prostate cancer (PCa) as compared to treatment with short‐term ADT only.MethodsThe TRACE‐II study is an investigator‐initiated, prospective, randomised controlled clinical trial. Patients (aged >18 years) with hormone‐sensitive recurrent PCa after radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy (brachytherapy or external beam radiotherapy), with involvement of ≤2 lymph nodes or local oligorecurrent disease within the pelvis as determined by PSMA positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio between 6‐month ADT (Arm A) or 6‐month ADT plus RGS (Arm B). The primary objective is to determine clinical progression‐free survival (CPFS) at 24 months. After PSMA‐RGS, CPFS is defined as the time between the start of treatment and the appearance of a re‐recurrence (any N1 or M1) as suggested by PSMA‐PET/CT or symptoms related to progressive PCa, or death from any cause. The secondary objectives include metastasis‐free survival at 2, 5 and 10 years, biochemical progression‐free survival at 2 years, and patient‐reported quality of life at 2, 5 and 10 years. A total of 60 patients, 30 per arm, will be included. The trial is powered (80%) to detect at least a 30% absolute difference in CPFS between the two study arms in the period 2 years after randomisation. We expect to enrol the required participants in 3 years. The study has an expected duration of 5 years in total.ConclusionsCombining RGS with short‐term ADT might be oncologically beneficial for patients with oligorecurrent PCa. In this first randomised controlled trial, we are investigating the potential oncological benefits of this combined treatment, while also focusing on maintaining quality of life.