bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of STAT4 as a prognostic biomarker in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Chenyu , Zhao Jingyuan , Kang Bingyu , Li Shuai , Tang Jingya , Dong Deshi , Chen Yanwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a common malignancy and is supposed to have the ability to escape host immune surveillance. The present study aimed to identify key genes in AML that may affect tumor immunity and to provide prognosis biomarkers of AML. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was screened for transcription factors (TFs) involved in immunity and influencing survival, combining Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data to validate the impact on patient survival. A prognostic signature was established using four transcription factors, and these genes play an important role in the immune system, with higher regulatory T cell (Treg) scores in high-risk patients compared with the low-risk group. Analysis of individual genes showed that STAT4 and Treg are closely related, which may be due to STAT4 transcribing related genes that affect immunity. STAT4 expression was positively correlated with the proportion of abnormal cells and promoted AML recurrence as verified by AML clinical patient samples. In addition, silencing of STAT4 significantly slowed down the proliferation capacity of HL60 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that STAT4 may be a potential biomarker for AML prognosis. As a key gene affecting the prognosis of AML patients, STAT4 has the potential to be a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AML.
Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Management of Appendicitis in Pediatric Departments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rey Robin , Gualtieri Renato , La Scala Giorgio , Posfay Barbe Klara 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is a growing field in medical research that could potentially help in the challenging diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA) in children. However, usefulness of AI in clinical settings remains unclear. Our aim was to assess the accuracy of AIs in the diagnosis of AA in the pediatric population through a systematic literature review.
Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched using the following keywords: “pediatric,” “artificial intelligence,” “standard practices,” and “appendicitis,” up to September 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using PROBAST.
Results A total of 302 articles were identified and nine articles were included in the final review. Two studies had prospective validation, seven were retrospective, and no randomized control trials were found. All studies developed their own algorithms and had an accuracy greater than 90% or area under the curve >0.9. All studies were rated as a “high risk” concerning their overall risk of bias.
Conclusion We analyzed the current status of AI in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. The application of AI shows promising potential, but the need for more rigor in study design, reporting, and transparency is urgent to facilitate its clinical implementation.
Ultrashort Echo Time Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cruciate Ligaments in Normal Beagles
Authors: Socha Dennis E. , Pownder Sarah L. , Kayano Mitsunori , Koff Matthew F. , Hayashi Kei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to provide normative ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE MRI) data of the patellar ligament (PL), cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) and caudal cruciate ligament (CdCL) in non-lame Beagles.
Study Design Eight stifles from four subjects obtained immediately postmortem were imaged using UTE MRI in the true sagittal plane. Regions of interest were drawn manually and the total (T2*), short T2* (T2*S) and long T2* (T2*L) values of the signal decay were calculated to evaluate the bound and free water components of the tendon. The T2*S, T2*L and T2* values were compared between the PL, CrCL and CdCL
Results The mean and standard deviation of T2*S, T2*L and T2* were as follows: 0.54 ± 0.13, 4.65 ± 1.08 and 8.35 ± 0.82 ms for the PL; 0.46 ± 0.14, 5.99 ± 0.52 and 8.88 ± 0.4 ms for the CrCL and 0.41 ± 0.13, 7.06 ± 0.57 and 9.26 ± 0.18 ms for the CdCL. Significant differences were found between the T2*L component of the PL and each CrCL/CdCL and a smaller difference was noted between the T2*L of the CrCL and CdCL (p = 0.05). No difference of the T2*S value was found between any of the ligaments.
Conclusion Establishing normative UTE data of the canine stifle is valuable for comparison in future studies in which normal and damaged ligaments may be evaluated, particularly in those affected limbs in which no instability is identified on physical examination in which normal and damaged ligaments may be evaluated.
A spatial econometric investigation into road traffic accessibility and economic growth: insights from the Chengdu-Chongqing twin-city economic circle
Authors: Wan Jiangjun , Ma Chunchi , Jiang Tian , Phillips Andrew , Wu Xiong , Wang Yanlan , Wang Ziming , Cao Ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA prevailing question in contemporary transport research queries the contribution of transport infrastructure investment to regional and local economic growth. Notably, the benefits under consideration extend beyond travel-time savings to possible additional developmental benefits. Centering on the Chengdu-Chongqing twin-city economic circle, this study sheds light on this issue. It presents a comprehensive approach involving economic, investment, and political-institutional conditions, and underscores their synergistic operation in eliciting measurable economic benefits. We delve into the effects of road traffic accessibility on economic growth in 2019, using accessibility indicators integrated into a spatial econometric model. Our research relied on robust indicators of road traffic accessibility, transportation investments, and economic outputs from the Chengdu-Chongqing region. The study demonstrates that the road traffic network’s development level is higher in the central area compared to the peripheral regions. Further, it reveals an uneven economic development distribution within the circle. Moreover, the spatial effect of road traffic on economic growth surfaces as an error term spatial interaction effect, highlighting accessibility’s pivotal role. Factors like industrial infrastructure, labor force, and new economic geography also significantly affect growth. To wrap up, we discuss the broader implications of our findings. We suggest a stronger connection between road transportation and economic growth and stress the need to enhance the supporting economic environment. Our findings have broader implications, guiding policy and planning in other urban economic circles.
High-speed long-wave infrared ultra-thin photodetectors
Authors: Wang Yinan , Muhowski Aaron J. , Nordin Leland , Dev Sukrith , Allen Monica , Allen Jeffery , Wasserman Daniel 
Published: January 2024

The primary challenge for long-wavelength infrared (λ = 8–13 µm) detection has long been the mitigation of dark current while achieving a high conversion efficiency of optical to electrical signals. Often overlooked is the bandwidth of detector response, despite several existing and expected future long-wave infrared high bandwidth applications. Here, we demonstrate ultra-fast response times in long-wave infrared detectors leveraging ultra-thin absorbers. The time response of the detectors is characterized using mid-infrared femtosecond pulses generated by an optical parametric amplifier, as a function of the device temperature and operating bias, as well as excitation wavelength. An equivalent circuit model for the detectors is presented and compared to our experimental results with excellent agreement. We demonstrate detector impulse response times of &lt;100ps and 3 dB bandwidths in the GHz frequency range (f3dB &gt; 3.5 GHz). Spectral response measurements confirm that the detectors have a resonant cavity mode enhanced response in the long-wave infrared, peaking at 10.2 µm. The presented detectors offer a potential solution for a range of high-frequency applications in the long-wave infrared.
Meta-analysis of prevalence and associated risk factors for lameness in dairy cattle across tropical Asian nations
Authors: Patoliya Priyanka , Kataktalware Mukund A. , Sivaram Muniandy , G. Letha Devi , Jeyakumar Sakhtivel , Mech Anjumoni , Manimaran Ayyasamy , Ramesha Kerekoppa P. 
Published: January 2024

Context Lameness in dairy cattle affects the health, welfare, performance, and profitability of dairy farms. Being multifactorial in nature, several animal and farm-level risk factors influence the severity and prevalence of lameness. Aims The objective of the present meta-analysis study was to provide a pooled estimate of the prevalence and identification of the potential risk factors associated with lameness in dairy cattle across tropical Asian countries. Methods A literature search reporting prevalence data for lameness in dairy cattle of tropical Asian countries including India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Malaysia, Nepal and Thailand for the past 21 years (2000–2021) was collected by using appropriate keywords from the electronic databases. After removing outlier studies, a meta-analysis of 38 studies published in English was performed under a random-effects model by using the meta package (metaprop function) in R software. Key results The pooled estimate of the overall prevalence of lameness was 15.13% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 13.01, 17.53). High heterogeneity was found in the prevalence estimates among the published studies (P < 0.05). The pooled prevalence for lameness-related lesions was, for overgrown hooves 34.42% (95% CI = 23.41, 47.42), interdigital 28 hyperplasia 9.73% (95% CI = 5.84, 15.78), white line disease 6.91% (95% CI = 3.54, 13.05) and sole ulcer 6.84% (95% CI = 3.87, 11.83). The prevalence of lameness was higher in cows at parity three (23.03%) and at parity greater than or equal to 4 (31.68%) than at first and second parity. Breed of an animal, lower body condition score (BCS), housing and floor type, and season also had a significant effect on the pooled prevalence of lameness (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that lameness is prevalent across the tropical Asian countries and there was a significant association of risk factors such as housing, floor, hygiene, and animal nutrition with lameness in dairy herds. Implications Meta-analysis study indicated that there is a need to adopt better management practices to minimise the incidence of lameness in dairy animals.
Improvement in thermoelectric properties of Zn–Mn co-doped nanostructured SnTe through band engineering and chemical bond softening
Authors: Bugalia Anita , Gupta Vivek , Pandey Abhishek 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this work, we used solvothermal technique to synthesize thermoelectrically viable Zn–Mn co-doped SnTe materials. However, the thermoelectric (TE) performance of pure SnTe is subpar due to the significant energy gap between its valence bands, inherent Sn-vacancies, and high electrical thermal conductivity. Band structure engineering and carrier concentration optimization of SnTe following Zn–Mn co-doping have the potential to enhance the Seebeck coefficient. In turn, a boost in the Seebeck coefficient significantly improved the power factor in Sn0.89Mn0.09Zn0.02Te by about five times as compared to pure SnTe at 473 K. The minimum lattice thermal conductivity (κ
L) in Sn0.89Mn0.09Zn0.02Te is 0.54 W m−1K−1 at 473 K, which is almost half that of pure SnTe. The lower lattice thermal conductivity of co-doped samples may be a result of (i) a decrease in phonon group velocity by chemical bond softening and (ii) phonon scattering caused by nanostructuring, point defects, and grain boundaries. Consequently, maximum zT = 0.11 has been achieved in Sn0.89Mn0.09Zn0.02Te at 473 K, which is about five times that of pristine SnTe. Material quality factor (B) of Sn0.89Mn0.09Zn0.02Te is almost triple that of pristine SnTe at 473 K, which implies that Zn–Mn co-doped SnTe is more suited to construct a TE device. An increase in electric transport properties (weighted mobility and electronic quality factor) and a decrease in κ
L after Zn–Mn co-doping contribute to the enhancement of B. The findings of this investigation suggest that the addition of Zn and Mn to SnTe can improve its TE performance.
Developing three-dimensional mechanical metamaterials with tailorable bandgaps for impact mitigation
Authors: Zhou Youchuan , Ye Lin , Chen Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A novel three-dimensional mechanical metamaterial with low frequency bandgaps and negative Poisson’s ratio is designed, consisting of a conventional three-dimensional reentrant structure and periodic resonators, with the aim of achieving vibration isolation and impact mitigation. The bandgap characteristic of the proposed metamaterial is determined computationally, and its dispersion diagram exhibits both partial bandgaps and a complete bandgap within a frequency band of interest. The mechanism for bandgap occurrence is characterised as the local resonance of ligaments and resonators, according to a vibration mode analysis. The wave attenuation capacity of the proposed metamaterial is derived numerically and experimentally from semi-infinite and finite-size metamaterial models, showing a good agreement with the predicted bandgap. Additionally, a thorough study on the design flexibility indicates that the bandgap characteristic can be directly tailored by changing the geometrical parameters of the proposed metamaterial. This allows further optimisation of the metamaterial for potential applications. The dynamic performance of the proposed metamaterial under an impact load is investigated by a finite element model. This demonstrates that the metamaterial reduces the transmitted force by a factor of 1.6 (for peak value) and 2.0 (for root mean square value) under a pulse impact with a duration of 0.88 ms. The impact mitigation result obtained from the impact test confirms that the metamaterial shows a mitigation capacity which is approximately 20% better than that of the conventional reentrant structure.
Topological aspects of multi-k antiferromagnetism in cubic rare-earth compounds
Authors: Simeth W , Rahn M C , Bauer A , Meven M , Pfleiderer C 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We advertise rare-earth intermetallics with high-symmetry crystal structures and competing interactions as a possible materials platform hosting spin structures with non-trivial topological properties. Focusing on the series of cubic RCu compounds, where R = Ho, Er, Tm, the bulk properties of these systems display exceptionally rich magnetic phase diagrams hosting an abundance of different phase pockets characteristic of antiferromagnetic order in the presence of delicately balanced interactions. The electrical transport properties exhibit large anomalous contributions suggestive of topologically non-trivial winding in the electronic and magnetic structures. Neutron diffraction identifies spontaneous long-range magnetic order in terms of commensurate and incommensurate variations of

(
π
π
0
)

antiferromagnetism with the possibility for various multi-
k
configurations. Motivated by general trends in these materials, we discuss the possible existence of topologically non-trivial winding in real and reciprocal space in the class of RCu compounds including antiferromagnetic skyrmion lattices. Putatively bringing together different limits of non-trivial topological winding in the same material, the combination of properties in RCu systems promises access to advanced functionalities.
Vernier-effect-based fiber microcoupler for highly sensitive liquid refractive index sensing
Authors: Sun Hanchao , Wu Jixuan , Song Binbin , Liu Haifeng , Duan Shaoxiang , Liu Xiao 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An orthogonal mode interferometer (OMI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for liquid refractive index sensing using the optical Vernier effect. The OMIs are based on weakly fiber microcouplers, which are fabricated by fusing single mode fiber and coreless fiber together. Owing to the birefringent characteristic of the hybrid coupler, the optical Vernier effect is dependent on the overlap of mode interference between the x and y polarizations. Compared to the response of the individual resonance dip, the signal demodulation of the Vernier envelope exhibits more excellent signal amplification capability. Experimental results show that the Vernier envelope of the OMI achieves a refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 22 427.03 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.33 with a magnification factor of 4.1. Moreover, with its high sensitivity, flexible design and simplified configuration, our proposed OMI based on the optical Vernier effect is well suitable for a wide range of biosensing applications.
Synergistic integration of Ni-metal organic framework/SnS2 nanocomposite and nickel foam electrode for ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical detection of albumin in simulated human blood serum
Authors: Singh Pratiksha , Aggrawal Vinayak , Badhulika Sushmee 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Albumin is a vital blood protein responsible for transporting metabolites and drugs throughout the body and serves as a potential biomarker for various medical conditions, including inflammatory, cardiovascular, and renal issues. This report details the fabrication of Ni-metal organic framework/SnS2 nanocomposite modified nickel foam electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive and selective non enzymatic detection of albumin in simulated human blood serum samples. Ni-metal organic framework/SnS2 nanocomposite was synthesized using solvothermal technique by combining Ni-metal–organic framework (MOF) with conductive SnS2 leading to the formation of a highly porous material with reduced toxicity and excellent electrical conductivity. Detailed surface morphology and chemical bonding of the Ni-MOF/SnS2 nanocomposite was studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red, and Raman analysis. The Ni-MOF/SnS2 nanocomposite coated on Ni foam electrode demonstrated outstanding electrochemical performance, with a low limit of detection (0.44 μM) and high sensitivity (1.3 μA/pM/cm2) throughout a broad linear range (100 pM–10 mM). The remarkable sensor performance is achieved through the synthesis of a Ni-MOF/SnS2 nanocomposite, enhancing electrocatalytic activity for efficient albumin redox reactions. The enhanced performance can be attributed due to the structural porosity of nickel foam and Ni-metal organic framework, which favours increased surface area for albumin interaction. The presence of SnS2 shows stability in acidic and neutral solutions due to high surface to volume ratio which in turn improves sensitivity of the sensing material. The sensor exhibited commendable selectivity, maintaining its performance even when exposed to potential interfering substances like glucose, ascorbic acid, K+, Na+, uric acid, and urea. The sensor effectively demonstrates its accuracy in detecting albumin in real samples, showcasing substantial recovery percentages of 105.1%, 110.28%, and 91.16%.
Thermodynamic description of active brownian particle driven by fractional gaussian noise
Authors: Rangaig Norodin A 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As a natural extension of the recent results on the thermodynamics of an active Brownian particle (self-propelled), we study the thermodynamics of an active Brownian particle (ABP) driven by fractional Gaussian noise (FGN). To serve as a prelude of the main results, we start from the conventional Markov process but with time dependent diffusion coefficient, where deviation in integral fluctuation relation (IFR) for total entropy production requires a general definition of the temperature, following the same case for a Brownian particle. In other words, the general temperature definition for this case is independent to the statistics of the rotational motion. We then proceed with the main problem of the paper, which is an active Brownian particle driven by fractional Gaussian noise. Under the assumption that self-propulsion is even under time-reversal, temperature is defined as well as the distance on how far the IFR for total entropy production deviates from the standard definition by adopting the standard definition of trajectory-level entropy and the joint probability of ABP. Furthermore, second law-like concept based on the found deviation is derived, as well as a generalized Clausius inequality. Lastly, magnitude of this deviation diminishes in the case of pure white noise.
Particle dynamics on test papapetrou fields of vacuum spacetimes
Authors: Maier Rodrigo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper we examine the dynamics of test particles subjected to Papapetrou fields which emerge from vacuum spacetimes isometries. Assuming that the background geometry is described by a Kerr metric whose timelike Killing vector satisfies Maxwell equations, we evaluate the electromagnetic fields—Papapetrou fields—by fixing a locally non-rotating (LNR) frame of reference. We also evaluate such the electromagnetic fields for a vanishing rotation parameter assuming a timelike frame of reference for a Schwarzschild background. In order to probe for the effect of the test Papapetrou fields we study the motion of charged particles in a Kerr background. Restricting ourselves to orbits in the equatorial plane with LNR initial conditions we show that there is an explicit deviation between orbits of neutral and charged particles in the case of repulsive electromagnetic configurations. For critical charge-mass ratios ζ
* test particles can be found in the Kerr retrograde photon sphere. For static configurations we show that massive/charged test particles may populate the unstable Schwarzschild photon sphere for given domain of the parameter space.
A Scalable optical meta-surface glazing design for agricultural greenhouses
Authors: Lakshminarayanan Venkatasubramanian , Ranjbar Mostafa , Ibrahim Khalifa Aliyu , Luo Zhenhua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Optical meta-surfaces allow controllable reflection and transmission spectra in both optical and infrared regions. In this study, we explore their potential in enhancing the performance of low-emission glazing designed for improved energy efficiency, for agricultural greenhouses in cold climates. The low-emission glazing employs thin film optics to retain heat by allowing solar radiation while reflecting radiation emitted by room-temperature objects. The incorporation of metamaterials that can be scalably manufactured and designed for capturing solar energy in the mid-infrared spectrum, offers an opportunity to further enhance the glazing’s energy efficiency. Based on existing literature, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and the transfer matrix method are utilised to propose a metamaterial structure, with spherical silver nanoparticles and thin-films. We compare the performance of this proposed design against existing materials. The outcome of this study offers insights into the potential of metamaterials in optimizing the energy efficiency of cold-climate agricultural greenhouses.