bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Role of ChatGPT in Supporting Text-Based Programming Education for Students and Teachers
Authors: Wieser Markus , Schöffmann Klaus , Stefanics Daniela , Bollin Andreas , Pasterk Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTeaching text-based programming poses significant challenges in both school and university contexts. This study explores the potential of ChatGPT as a sustainable didactic tool to support students, freshmen, and teachers. By focusing on a beginner’s course with examples also relevant to vocational schools, we investigated three research questions. First, the extent to which ChatGPT assists students in solving and understanding initial examples; secondly, the feasibility of teachers utilizing the chatbot for grading student solutions; and finally, the additional support ChatGPT provides in terms of teaching. Our findings demonstrate that ChatGPT offers valuable guidance for teachers in terms of assessment and grading and aids students in understanding and optimizing their solutions.
Einleitung
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungLehrkräftefortbildungen für KulturSchule sind etwas Besonderes und dies nicht nur, weil sie an Lehrerinnen und Lehrer aller Unterrichtsfächer gerichtet sind: Durch professionell inszenierte Impulse erleben und erfahren sie in der Fortbildung qua ihrer ästhetischen Wahrnehmung etwas über sich und ihr schlummerndes kreatives Potential. Dies kann (und soll) inspirierend wirken, um sich in kleinen und größer werdenden Ideen für den eigenen Unterricht und auch in neuen Möglichkeiten für eine Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Lehrkräften niederzuschlagen. Bestimmte Wege hierzu sind nicht vorgegeben, aber die eigene Erfahrung und unterstützende Peer-Selbstlernformate sowie die Begleitung der eigenen Schule in der Weiterentwicklung, sich als KulturSchule eine unverwechselbare pädagogische Charakteristik zu geben und das schulische Lernen sinnlich wahrnehmbar zu machen, geben eine Richtung vor. Mehr Freude und Lust am Experimentieren für Schülerinnen und Schüler und für ihre Initiatoren einer anderen Lernkultur scheinen garantiert.
Die Einführung thematisiert den Stellenwert von Lehrkräftefortbildungen im Allgemeinen, die Bedeutung ästhetischer Wahrnehmung für das Lernen und die Notwendigkeit in der Schule, das Erfordernis eines Transfermanagements für eine Unterrichtsentwicklung in der Einzelschule. Am Ende wird ein Aufriss über die Struktur der Darstellung gegeben.
Das Landesprogramm KulturSchule Hessen
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungKulturelle Bildung fasst Fuß in der Schule. Begünstigt durch die Zunahme ganztägigen Lernens sollen Kinder und Jugendliche aus allen Sozialschichten einen Zugang zu kultureller Praxis bekommen. Seit 1999 ist kulturelle Praxis als besonderes Bildungs- und Erziehungsziel im Hessischen Schulgesetz verankert. Vor dem Hintergrund einzelner langjähriger Entwicklungslinien und vier ‚Versuchsschulen‘ und mit dem Hintergrund einer bildungs- und kulturpolitischen Aufmerksamkeit auf die Bedeutung Kultureller Bildung hat Hessen 2008 ein KulturSchul-Programm unter dem Motto „eine Kunst für jeden“ aufgesetzt. Welche Änderungen im Schulprogramm an KulturSchulen damit bezweckt sind und welche Unterstützungsstruktur das KulturSchul-Programm Hessen bietet, stellt dieses Kapitel dar.
Tag X
Authors: Ackermann Heike 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungZu den profilierten Fortbildungsformaten für KulturSchule gehört »Tag X«, der auch von Lehrkräften, die nicht an KulturSchulen unterrichten, besucht werden kann. Auf der Basis von Programmbeschreibungen und Interviews wird in diesem Kapitel das Konzept rekonstruiert. Durch die Resonanz der Teilnehmer wird deutlich, wie die didaktischen Zielsetzungen wahrgenommen werden. Teilnehmende Beobachtung ermöglicht die vertiefende Beschreibung und Analyse dieser flexibel einsetzbaren Gestaltungsform , die auch in Kultureinrichtungen stattfinden kann.
Chemical Mutagenesis of Coffea arabica L. var. Venecia Cell Suspensions Using EMS
Authors: Jankowicz-Cieslak Joanna , Goessnitzer Florian , Ingelbrecht Ivan L. W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractArabica coffee is widely grown in Latin America where it is under threat of leaf rust, a fungal disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix. As a perennial crop, conventional breeding of Arabica coffee is challenged by its long juvenile period and narrow genetic base. Plant mutants are important resources for crop breeding and functional genomics studies. The ethylating agent ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is widely used for inducing random point mutations. In a wide range of species, treatment with EMS causes GC-to-AT transitions with great efficiency. These properties, combined with ease of use, make EMS a mutagen of choice for induced mutagenesis. In vitro cell and tissue culture integrated with mutation induction provide an attractive approach for broadening the genetic base and breeding purposes, especially for perennial crops such as Arabica coffee. Embryogenic cell cultures are suitable targets for mutation induction and can accelerate the development of chimera-free mutant plantlets. Here we describe a robust protocol for EMS mutagenesis of embryogenic cell suspensions of Coffea arabica var. Venecia. Dose-response curves were established within 3–4 weeks and showed LD30 and LD50 values in the range of 0.5% and 0.6% EMS respectively. Methods and media used for development of the treated cell suspensions and conversion to in vitro plantlets are also described.
Fokussierte Auswertung: …mit Blick auf das Abstrakte
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm ersten, fokussierten Teil der Auswertung wird besonders untersucht, inwieweit die Kinder sich nach Einsatz eines bestimmten Zugangs abstrakt äußern. Das Analyseinstrument nach Daniel und Gagnon (2011) wird als Grundlage der Auswertung verwendet und nach einem ersten Materialdurchgang um induktiv gebildete Kategorien ergänzt. Zuerst wird die Auswertungsmethode vorgestellt (vgl. Kap. 10.1), im Anschluss die Ergebnisse präsentiert (vgl. Kap. 10.2).
Fazit
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas folgende Fazit fasst zunächst die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie mit Blick auf die Forschungsfrage und das Forschungsinteresse zusammen (vgl. Kap. 12.1). Ausgehend von den Ergebnissen werden anschließend unterrichtspraktische Konsequenzen erörtert: Sollte man Kürzesttexte im Philosophieunterricht in der Primarstufe einsetzen (vgl. Kap. 12.2)? Das Kapitel schließt mit einem Ausblick auf offene Forschungsfragen (vgl. Kap. 12.3).
Forschungsinteresse und Forschungsfrage
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungOb man das Fach Praktische Philosophie in der Primarstufe einführen sollte, wird gegenwärtig nicht mehr diskutiert. Bedeutsam und viel diskutiert hingegen ist die Frage, wie man mit Kindern philosophieren kann. Wer diese Frage beantwortet, tut dies in der Regel aufgrund gewisser Annahmen und Einstellungen, die selbst nicht unbedingt offengelegt werden.
Philosophieren mit Kindern: Philosophiedidaktisches Verständnis
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Folgenden wird die Definition des Philosophierens als ein Prozess, der ein abstraktes Element enthält, ausgeschärft. Zum einen wird der Begriff des Abstrakten in gebotener Kürze so umrissen, dass die gewonnene Arbeitsdefinition den hier gestellten Anforderungen genügt (vgl. Kap. 3.1). Zum anderen wird herausgearbeitet, inwiefern das Philosophieren aus philosophiedidaktischer Sicht als ein Prozess beschrieben werden kann (vgl. Kap. 3.2).
Philosophieren mit Kindern: Entwicklungspsychologische Voraussetzungen
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den vorigen Kapiteln wird das philosophiedidaktische Verständnis offengelegt, das der vorliegenden Arbeit zugrunde liegt; das Philosophieren mit Kindern ist also bereits näher bestimmt. Nun gilt es, Besonderheiten des Philosophierens mit Kindern herauszustellen: Philosophisch anmutende Äußerungen von Kindern werden oftmals sehr unterschiedlich interpretiert, und die Interpretation ist in einem hohen Maß davon abhängig, welche philosophischen Leistungen Kindern zugetraut werden. Kaum jemand bestreitet, dass das Denken sich mit fortschreitendem Alter verändert, dass also das kindliche Denken im Alter von sechs bis zehn Jahren sich von dem Denken Heranwachsender oder Erwachsener unterscheidet.
Erhebungsmethode
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird das methodische Vorgehen in der Erhebung dargestellt. Dieses Kapitel vermittelt einen fundierten Eindruck davon, auf welche Weise das Datenmaterial gewonnen wurde. Die Erhebung ist als explorative, quasiexperimentelle Feldstudie, als Längsschnittstudie angelegt (vgl. Kap. 7.1), bei der die Daten hauptsächlich in zwei Lerngruppen mittels Videographie erhoben werden (vgl. Kap. 7.2).
Inhaltliche Konzeption
Authors: Möller Ellen Franziska 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird das inhaltliche Vorgehen in der Erhebung dargestellt. Wie genau die Kinder auf die Unterrichtsinhalte reagieren, wird in diesem Kapitel nicht thematisiert und ist Gegenstand der Auswertung in Kapitel 10 und Kapitel 11. In Kapitel 8.1 werden die Prinzipien der Unterrichtsgestaltung zusammengefasst.
Women’s Chronological Pathways to IT Education
Authors: Corneliussen Hilde G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhat are the key factors and driving forces that make women enter the fields of information technology (IT), despite the many gendered barriers revisited in Chap. 2? This chapter analyses the narratives of 24 women’s chronological pathways from childhood to entering a university degree in IT. The chapter illustrates six different pathways that led the women to pursue a degree in IT, each analysed in terms of the positive drivers, including interest in IT, recruitment measures, an accidental choice, finding a safe platform in other disciplines, and a detour before discovering IT. Only one pathway identified the image of IT as suitable for women as a driving force. This, however, was shared by women from other countries, highlighting the specific cultural construction of the Norwegian women’s narratives.
Girls Don’t Walk Alone: Supporters’ Investment in Welcoming Girls and Women into Fields of IT
Authors: Corneliussen Hilde G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSchools have an important role to play in making youth choose less gender-stereotypical educations. Schools can also play a significant role in opening the door to IT as a potential education for a wide group of young women. Through interviews with representatives from 12 Norwegian lower and upper secondary schools, this chapter explores how they consider their role in encouraging girls and women to become familiar with, and to consider studying, IT. Gender equality is a treasured value in Norwegian educational policy; however, schools have diverging views on what gender equality means in relation to IT, and also how to achieve it. The analysis demonstrates a lack of regulation and conformity in how schools address issues of motivating and encouraging girls to consider IT as a field of study.
Gender Patterns, Equality Paradoxes, and Lessons for an Inclusive Digital Future
Authors: Corneliussen Hilde G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this book was to answer the question: what makes women enter fields of IT? This final chapter will sum up the lessons from studying the women’s chronological pathways, space invader experiences, and reconstructions of IT, discussing the implications they might have for women, educational environments, and researchers. Learning points from barriers as well as turning points, and reconstructions that supported the women’s entries into a university degree in IT, can become guidelines for an ecosystem of supporters interested in making a more gender-inclusive digital future. This involves a discussion of how this field is riddled with a gender equality paradox and a counter-productive postfeminist reaction that results in a non-performative gender equality norm.
An effective method for the simultaneous extraction of 173 contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater invasive species and its application
Authors: Manjarrés-López Diana P. , Vitale Dyana , Callejas-Martos Sandra , Usuriaga Martí , Picó Yolanda , Pérez Sandra , Montemurro Nicola 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA robust and efficient extraction method was developed to detect a broad range of pollutants of emerging interest in three freshwater invasive species: American red crab (Prokambarus clarkii), Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), and pumpkinseed fish (Lepomis gibbosus). One native species, “petxinot” clam (Anodonta cygnea), was also evaluated. Invasive species are often more resistant to contamination and could be used in biomonitoring studies to assess the effect of contaminants of emerging concern on aquatic ecosystems while preserving potentially threatened native species. So far, most extraction methods developed for this purpose have focused on analyzing fish and generally focus on a limited number of compounds, especially analyzing compounds from the same family. In this sense, we set out to optimize a method that would allow the simultaneous extraction of 87 PhACs, 11 flame retardants, 21 per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, and 54 pesticides. The optimized method is based on ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction. Two tests were performed during method development, one to choose the extraction solvent with the best recovery efficiencies and one to select the best clean-up. The analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. The method obtained recoveries between 40 and 120% and relative standard deviations of less than 25% for 85% of the analytes in the four validated matrices. Limits of quantification between 0.01 ng g−1 and 22 ng g−1 were obtained. Application of the method on real samples from the Albufera Natural Park of Valencia (Spain) confirmed the presence of contaminants of emerging concern in all samples, such as acetaminophen, hydrochlorothiazide, tramadol, PFOS, carbendazim, and fenthion. PFAS were the group of compounds with the highest mean concentrations. C. fluminea was the species with the highest detection frequency, and P. clarkii had the highest average concentrations, so its use is prioritized for biomonitoring studies.
Graphical abstract
Optimization of beer mixed fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus brevis
Authors: Modzelewska Aleksandra , Jackowski Mateusz , Trusek Anna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMixed fermentation is one of the methods used in sour beer production. The process requires initialization of the fermentation step by well-planned addition of brewing yeast and lactic acid bacteria to slightly hopped wort. The final product’s properties strictly depend on how the microorganisms are pitched and the initial wort composition. The experiment was performed to evaluate the impact of different initial conditions and pitching methods on the mixed fermentation process and the final product’s characteristics. With the aim of limitation of the number of experiments, the Box–Behnken design was applied. Three independent factors were considered while obtaining the response surface: initial extract, bitterness and order of pitching. The final product’s properties: ethanol and lactic acid concentration, appeared to depend strictly on initial conditions and pitching order. Several important observations have been made; for example, it appeared that the presence of LAB does not significantly impact the final ethanol concentration. Optimal conditions for obtaining the maximum or minimum of each quality were calculated using Matlab. Obtained results might improve the sour beer production process while shortening the duration and reducing the usage of ingredients.
Conflicting views of physicians and surgeons concerning pediatric urinary tract infection: a comparative review
Authors: Hewitt Ian K. , Roebuck Derek J. , Montini Giovanni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition in children, and pathways of management have evolved over time.

Objective
To determine the extent to which pediatricians and surgeons differ in their investigation and management of a first febrile UTI, and to evaluate the justifications for any divergence of approach.

Materials and methods
A literature search was conducted for papers addressing investigation and/or management following a first febrile UTI in children published between 2011 and 2021. Searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. To be eligible for inclusion, a paper was required to provide recommendations on one or more of the following: ultrasound (US) and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), the need for continuous antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery when vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was detected. The authorship required at least one pediatrician or surgeon. Authorship was categorized as medical, surgical, or combined.

Results
Pediatricians advocated less imaging and intervention and were more inclined to adopt a “watchful-waiting” approach, confident that any significant abnormality, grades IV–V VUR in particular, should be detected following a second febrile UTI. In contrast, surgeons were more likely to recommend imaging to detect VUR (p<0.00001), and antibiotic prophylaxis (p<0.001) and/or surgical correction (p=0.004) if it was detected, concerned that any delay in diagnosis and treatment could place the child at risk of kidney damage. Papers with combined authorship displayed intermediate results.

Conclusion
There are two distinct directions in the literature regarding the investigation of an uncomplicated first febrile UTI in a child. In general, when presented with a first febrile UTI in a child, physicians recommend fewer investigations and less treatment, in contrast to surgeons who advocate extensive investigation and aggressive intervention in the event that imaging detects an abnormality. This has the potential to confuse the carers of affected children.
Diagnostic accuracy of anti-3-[18F]-FACBC PET/MRI in gliomas
Authors: Karlberg Anna , Pedersen Lars Kjelsberg , Vindstad Benedikte Emilie , Skjulsvik Anne Jarstein , Johansen Håkon , Solheim Ole , Skogen Karoline , Kvistad Kjell Arne , Bogsrud Trond Velde , Myrmel Kristin Smistad , Giskeødegård Guro F. , Ingebrigtsen Tor , Berntsen Erik Magnus , Eikenes Live 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim was to evaluate whether anti-3-[18F]FACBC PET combined with conventional MRI correlated better with histomolecular diagnosis (reference standard) than MRI alone in glioma diagnostics. The ability of anti-3-[18F]FACBC to differentiate between molecular and histopathological entities in gliomas was also evaluated.

Methods
In this prospective study, patients with suspected primary or recurrent gliomas were recruited from two sites in Norway and examined with PET/MRI prior to surgery. Anti-3-[18F]FACBC uptake (TBRpeak) was compared to histomolecular features in 36 patients. PET results were then added to clinical MRI readings (performed by two neuroradiologists, blinded for histomolecular results and PET data) to assess the predicted tumor characteristics with and without PET.

Results
Histomolecular analyses revealed two CNS WHO grade 1, nine grade 2, eight grade 3, and 17 grade 4 gliomas. All tumors were visible on MRI FLAIR. The sensitivity of contrast-enhanced MRI and anti-3-[18F]FACBC PET was 61% (95%CI [45, 77]) and 72% (95%CI [58, 87]), respectively, in the detection of gliomas. Median TBRpeak was 7.1 (range: 1.4–19.2) for PET positive tumors. All CNS WHO grade 1 pilocytic astrocytomas/gangliogliomas, grade 3 oligodendrogliomas, and grade 4 glioblastomas/astrocytomas were PET positive, while 25% of grade 2–3 astrocytomas and 56% of grade 2–3 oligodendrogliomas were PET positive. Generally, TBRpeak increased with malignancy grade for diffuse gliomas. A significant difference in PET uptake between CNS WHO grade 2 and 4 gliomas (p < 0.001) and between grade 3 and 4 gliomas (p = 0.002) was observed. Diffuse IDH wildtype gliomas had significantly higher TBRpeak compared to IDH1/2 mutated gliomas (p < 0.001). Adding anti-3-[18F]FACBC PET to MRI improved the accuracy of predicted glioma grades, types, and IDH status, and yielded 13.9 and 16.7 percentage point improvement in the overall diagnoses for both readers, respectively.

Conclusion
Anti-3-[18F]FACBC PET demonstrated high uptake in the majority of gliomas, especially in IDH wildtype gliomas, and improved the accuracy of preoperatively predicted glioma diagnoses.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04111588, URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04111588
Stakeholder Perceptions on Landscape Governance in Northern Ghana: A Q-Study to Identify Common Concern Entry Points for Integrated Landscape Approaches
Authors: Bayala Eric Rega Christophe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn a landscape, perceptions can influence people’s actions and behavior toward natural resource use. Improving landscape governance, therefore, requires understanding the different concerns of stakeholders operating within the landscape. This paper analyzes the perceptions of local stakeholders—local landscape users, practitioners engaged in conservation and sustainable resource use, and private actors—regarding the landscape governance system, using the Q-methodology to identify common concern entry points for the implementation of a landscape approach in the Western Wildlife Corridor (WWC) in northern Ghana. To this end, individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with local communities and organizations operating in three Community Resource Management Areas (CREMAs). They identified destructive livelihood activities, constrained livelihoods, and a weak governance system as the main challenges, and the need to balance livelihoods with conservation, strengthening landscape governance through the CREMA initiative, and awareness raising as the main solutions. Thus, the Q-method allowed identifying common concern entry points regarding landscape challenges, governance issues, and potential solutions. I argue that consensus among stakeholders regarding these challenges and solutions could lay the groundwork for a multi-stakeholder process in the area, which could help foster the implementation of an integrated landscape approach in the WWC landscape. It is crucial to support the livelihoods of local people to reduce pressures on natural resources. It is also important to strengthen the functioning of local CREMA management bodies with technical, logistical, and financial support. Implementing a participatory monitoring and evaluation mechanism is critical in this regard.