bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A system for the study of roots 3D kinematics in hydroponic culture: a study on the oscillatory features of root tip
Authors: Simonetti Valentina , Ravazzolo Laura , Bulgheroni Maria , Ruperti Benedetto , Quaggiotti Silvia , Castiello Umberto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The root of a plant is a fundamental organ for the multisensory perception of the environment. Investigating root growth dynamics as a mean of their interaction with the environment is of key importance for improving knowledge in plant behaviour, plant biology and agriculture. To date, it is difficult to study roots movements from a dynamic perspective given that available technologies for root imaging focus mostly on static characterizations, lacking of temporal and three-dimensional (3D) spatial information. This paper describes a new system based on timelapse for the 3D reconstruction and analysis of roots growing in hydroponics.
Results
The system is based on infrared stereo-cameras acquiring time-lapse images of the roots for 3D reconstruction. The acquisition protocol guarantees the root growth in complete dark while the upper part of the plant grows in normal light conditions. The system extracts the 3D trajectory of the root tip and a set of descriptive features in both the temporal and frequency domains. The system has been used on Zea mays L. (B73) during the first week of growth and shows good inter-reliability between operators with an Intra Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) > 0.9 for all features extracted. It also showed measurement accuracy with a median difference of < 1 mm between computed and manually measured root length.
Conclusions
The system and the protocol presented in this study enable accurate 3D analysis of primary root growth in hydroponics. It can serve as a valuable tool for analyzing real-time root responses to environmental stimuli thus improving knowledge on the processes contributing to roots physiological and phenotypic plasticity.
How online celebrity live streaming promotes consumption? --- A theoretical and empirical test based on the Howard-Sheth model
Authors: Wu Chunya , Yang Jing , Ma Zhenhao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Online celebrity live streaming has thrived as one of the new consumption paradigms, consistently fostering a rebound in China's consumption and economic growth. This study empirically investigates whether and how online celebrity live streaming influences consumers' purchase behavior. To this end, we measured consumers' purchase behavior through purchase frequency and purchase amount, and our sample mainly included 617 consumers who had watched online celebrity live streaming and made product purchases, and we rely on the Howard-Sheth model to construct the theoretical framework. The results indicated that the substantive stimulus (product information and product quality) and symbolic stimulus (credibility, entertainment, and professionalism) of online celebrity live streaming had a significant promotion effect on consumers' purchase behavior. Even with the regression model and explained variables replaced, this conclusion was still solid. According to the results of the heterogeneity analysis of different product categories, the promotion effect of product information on the purchase frequency of clothing and apparel products was more obvious, the promotion effect of product quality on the purchase frequency of beauty and personal care products was more obvious; the promotion effect of entertainment on the purchase amount of beauty and personal care products was more obvious; the promotion effect of credibility and professionalism on the purchase frequency of leisure snack products were more obvious. The mechanism test demonstrated that online celebrity live streaming influenced consumers' purchase behavior through three paths: perceived functional value, perceived emotional value, and perceived risk.
TB patient delay, diagnosis delay, and treatment among migrants in Shanghai in 2018- 2020: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Jia Yufei , Jiang Weixi , Xiao Xiao , Lou Zhexun , Tang Shenglan , Chen Jing , Long Qian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The relatively high TB incidence rate among internal migrants raises a major concern on TB control in China. This study examines TB patient delay, diagnosis delay, and treatment performance in Shanghai in 2018–2020 focusing on disparities between migrant and local TB patients.
Methods
This study employed mixed methods. We obtained TB register data in 2018–2020 from the TB information management system (TBIMS) in Shanghai to examine patient delay, diagnosis delay, and treatment completion by resident type. Qualitative interviews were conducted with TB administrators and community healthcare providers to understand factors associated with TB treatment for migrant and local patients.
Results
From 2018 to 2020, migrant TB patients accounted for 44.40% of total cases, with an average age of 34.50, compared to local patients averaging 55.82 years old. Overall, there was no significant difference in patient delay between migrant and local patients (18.47 days on average). 22.12% of migrants and 16.52% of locals experienced diagnosis delays exceeding 14 days, respectively. After adjusting for all variables, migrant patients (OR 1.30, 95%CI, 1.18–1.44) and initial care-seeking at general hospitals (OR 3.76, 95% CI 3.45–4.09) were associated with a higher probability of diagnosis delay. 93.9% of migrant patients and 89.4% of the local patients had a successful TB treatment without statistically significant difference after adjusting for all variables. Qualitative interviews revealed a standard approach to managing TB patients in Shanghai no matter their resident type. Young migrant patients who were able to maintain their jobs in Shanghai often had better treatment adherence. Despite more patients postponed seeking care due to fear of COVID-19 and inconvenient access to care in 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic had minimal impact on TB treatment for both groups attributed to community-based case management.
Conclusions
There were no significant differences in TB patient delay and treatment outcome by type of resident between 2018 and 2020 in Shanghai, but migrant patients were more likely to experience diagnosis delay. It should improve awareness and knowledge of TB among healthcare professionals at general hospitals to mitigate the risk of diagnosis delay.
Diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in the management of postoperative ascites and abdominal indwelling catheters following pancreaticoduodenectomy：retrospective cohort study
Authors: zhang lingyun , Zhang Suzhen , Yan Ye , Wei Xinhong , Li Feng , Li Guangbing , Yang Fenghui , Li Chunyou , Liu jun , Li jianzhi , Zhang Guoquan , Zhang Dawei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background：To investigate the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography for postoperative ascites following pancreaticoduodenectomy and evaluate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided abdominal catheter placement. Methods：A total of 309 hospitalized patients underwent postoperative pancreaticoduodenectomy, with 171 patients undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy and 138 patients undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy, as assessed by ultrasonography. The abdominal cavity was examined for the presence of postoperative ascites. The site of postoperative ascites and the necessity for tube drainage were evaluated. In cases where an abdominal indwelling catheter was required, we observed the location of postoperative ascites, performed echocardiography, and analyzed the characteristics of drainage fluid. We conducted a comparative analysis of short-term postoperative outcomes between LPD and OPD, encompassing hospitalization duration, fever duration, presence or localization of postoperative ascites, number of abdominal indwelling catheters used, location of abdominal drainage fluid collection, and time until removal of postoperative catheter
Results：The LPD group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of ascites stays compared to the OPD group (39.2% vs. 59.3%, p=0.001) as determined by ultrasonography. The LPD group exhibited significantly shorter hospital stays compared to the OPD group (16 [13, 21] vs. 21 [17, 28] days; p<0.001). Additionally, they experienced a reduced duration of fever (1 [0, 3] vs. 3 [1, 5]; p<0.001), shorter time to postoperative catheterization (7 [5, 10] vs. 8 [6, 13]; p<0.001), fewer number of tubes required (0 [0, 1] vs. 1 [0, 1]; p<0.001), and decreased extubation time (7 [5,9] vs.9[5，12];p<0。001) in comparison with the OPD group. Correlations were observed between the two groups in terms of postoperative ascites, sound transmission of the ultrasound, the separation of postoperative ascites and the traits of drainage fluid. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of postoperative ascites location, the state of postoperative ascites (free or limitation), ultrasonic sound transmission (good or poor), and the separation of postoperative ascites (no separation, less separation and more separation).
Conclusion：Postoperative ascites is a frequently encountered concurrent condition following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Ultrasonography enables the observation of various characteristics associated with postoperative ascites, such as its precise location, sound transmission properties, and presence of any internal separations. Furthermore, it facilitates timely guidance for accurate tube placement.
Radiological Evaluation of Mediastinal lymphadenopathy and Masses
Authors: Gorieh Feryal , khattab Khalid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Mediastinal masses and nodes are considered frequent pathological lesions in most countries of the world, especially Syria, and because they cause clinical symptoms ranging from mild to severe, they are diagnosed qualitatively with simple radiography and computed tomography. This study aims to study the role of radiological, laboratory and clinical diagnostic methods in detecting Mediastinal nodes and masses for better placement a treatment plan to achieve optimal recovery.
Methods and Materials: From the archives of patients at Al-Mowasat University Hospital, cases of diagnosed mediastinal nodes and masses were monitored in the Radiology Division and the Thoracic Internal Medicine Division, and the cases were followed up and managed in the Thoracic Surgery Division in the hospital within the period extending from 3/19/2023 to 8/2/2023, with reference to the Division’s archives. Radiology available on the PAX network, and analysis of simple radiographs and CT scans.
Results: The study included 456 patients, 105 cases of intramediastinal masses, and 351 cases of lymph nodes. Most of the mediastinal masses were primary (23%), the percentage of lymph nodes was (77%), the percentage of anterior mediastinal masses was (62%), and the percentage of middle mediastinal masses was (25%). ), the percentage of posterior mediastinal masses (13%), the percentage of cases that enhance contrast material (52%), the percentage of cough (50%), stridor (13%), tracheal deviated (5%), and the percentage of inferior vena cava syndrome (3%) ), chest pain (30%), pleural effusion (20%), dysphagia (10%), Horner syndrome (3%), hoarseness, fever, and myalgia (3%), (4%), and (6%) on straight.
Conclusion: The radiological gold standard for evaluating and detecting mediastinal masses is CT before and after injection. Each mediastinal mass is studied by CT before and after injection.
Compressive Buttress Compared with Off-Axial Screw Fixation for Vertical Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Adults: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yin Bo-hao , Liu Chen-jun , Sherrier Matthew C. , Fan Zhi-Yuan , Song Sa , Luo Peng-bo , Sun Hui , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: To compare the clinical outcomes of compressive buttress screw (CBS) fixation, a novel screw fixation strategy, to off-axial screw fixation (off-axial partial-threaded cannulated screw, OPTCS) for vertical femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in young adults.
Methods: 146 adults younger than 55 years old with high-energy Pauwels type III FNFs were randomized to receive CBS fixation or OPTCS fixation. Primary outcomes were complication rates, including fixation failure, fracture nonunion, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) at 24 months after treatment. Fixation loosening, femoral neck shortening and varus collapse, patient function and quality of life using the Harris hip score (HHS), and EuroQol-5 dimensional-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire (including EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS) were assessed as secondary outcomes at 24 months.
Results: CBS and OPTCS fixation groups were similar with regard to demographics at baseline. At 24 months, patients in the CBS fixation cohort had a significantly lower rate of fixation failure (10.5% vs. 25.0%, p=0.041) and fracture nonunion (1.8% vs. 18.3%, p=0.003) compared with patients who received OPTCS fixation. There was no difference in rate of ANFH (7.0% vs. 11.7%, p=0.389) between groups. Additionally, patients managed with CBS fixation showed significantly less fixation loosening (19.3% vs. 58.3%, p<0.001), less severe femoral neck shortening and varus collapse (10.5% vs. 25.0%, p=0.007), higher HHS (93 vs 83, p=0.001) and more excellent grade (68.4% vs. 36.7%, p=0.008), higher EQ-5D-5L (0.814 vs, 0.581, p<0.001) and EQ-VAS (85 vs. 80, p=0.002).
Conclusion: CBS screw fixation confers significantly lower complication rate in addition to higher functional and quality of life outcomes for young adults with high-energy FNF compared with OPTCS fixation.
Trial registration: This prospective, randomized controlled trial was approved by the institutional review board of our center, Ethics Committee of Shanghai sixth people's Hospital, and registered at www.chictr.org.cn (Approval Number: ChiCTR1900026283；Registered 29 September 2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=43164).
Dyskinesia-hyperpyrexia syndrome in Parkinson’s disease may benefit from GPi deep brain stimulation: a case report
Authors: Huang Shi-Shi , Ma Lu-Lu , Sheng Han-Song , Liu Rong-Pei , Zhu Shi-Guo , Chen Zhu-Ling , Xu Shan-Shan , Sheng Mei-Ling , Zhang Nu , Zhang Xiong , Wang Jian-Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Dyskinesia-hyperpyrexia syndrome (DHS) is a rare but life-threatening complication in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Its prevention and treatment are clinical challenges.
Case presentation:
We herein present a case of a female PD patient who experienced recurrent episodes of DHS and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. The complications were alleviated after bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS).
Conclusion
Our report provides evidence that GPi DBS may reduce the susceptibility to DHS. More evidences are warranted to validate this hypothesis.
Spatiotemporal rainfall variability and its relationship to flash flood risk in Northeastern Sylhet Haor of Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Nurunnaher , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Karim Md. Abdul , Miah Md. Giashuddin , Rahman Md. Mizanur 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The variability and distribution of rainfall are uniquely significant for climatic risk prediction. This study aims to assess spatiotemporal rainfall variability and flash flood intensity events in the Sylhet haor region of Bangladesh by analyzing rainfall data from April for the period 1995–2022. For this, we used both Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) data and Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) daily rainfall data. Rainfall patterns were studied using zonal statistics in ArcGIS and graphical illustration. The results revealed that the rainfall pattern was erratic and showed a range of spatiotemporal variability. If the average rainfall exceeds 250 mm in Meghalaya and Assam and 400 mm in Sylhet, severe flash floods may occur in the Sylhet haor region. An increase in pre-monsoon rainfall and its shift from May to April may increase the intensity of flash floods and consequently damage the rice crop. This finding might help flood management agencies to develop flood management strategies, prepare flood contingency plans, provide real-time and advanced warnings to strengthen flood warning and forecasting systems, and schedule seasonal agricultural activities.
Bioisosteric Replacement through 1,2,3-triazolyl Linkage Significantly Potentiate
Biological Activity in Lidocaine and Etidocaine Analogs: Rational Design and Local
Anesthetic Activity
Authors: Sahu Adarsh , Agrawal Ram Kishore 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Cytochrome P450 3A4, the most abundant form of isoenzyme, in combination
with several other isoforms, metabolizes lignocaine into mono-ethylglycine xylidide
(MEGX) and glycylxylidide (GX), through N-dealkylation, ring hydroxylation, amide
cleavage, and conjugation process which contribute the toxic effects. Inspiring by the rationality,
functional approaches, and predictable facts lay by the emerging research groups,
we were unquestionably fascinated by the rational development of novel lignocaine and
etidocaine compounds, which are highly metabolically stable by applying non-classical
bioisosteric principles. Distinctively, we have investigated the efficacy of 1,4-
disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles as metabolically stable trans-amide bond mimics. The 1,2,3-
triazoles have been described in the literature as amide bond bioisosteres, which are analogous
in stipulations of size, planarity, hydrogen bonding properties, and dipole moment. The systematic replacement
of the single amide bonds by the 1,2,3-triazole heterocycle in the backbone of the peptide, often
termed a “triazole scan,” provided several stabilized analogs with marked improved in-vivo local anesthetic
properties. The analogs were synthesized using azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The 2a-b was coupled with aromatic
and aliphatic alkynes using click chemistry in the presence of copper sulfate pentahydrate and L-sodium
ascorbate in a Fritsch ball mill under solvent-free conditions at 300 rpm, furnishing the conjugates 4a-n in 80-
85% yields. The study perceptively opened new avenues of systematic replacement of the single amide bonds
by the 1,2,3-triazole heterocycle in the backbone of the peptide, thereby providing several stabilized analogs
with marked improved in-vivo local anesthetic properties. The best active candidates 4a, 4b and 4g produced
analogous local anesthetic activity with that of the lignocaine.
Lipase Catalyzed Synthesis of D-xylose-based Biosurfactants and their Surface
Properties
Authors: Loulou Fatma , Bidjou-Haiour Chahra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Synthesis of a homologous series of 1-O-acyl xylose esters with long and very long
acyl chains derived from fatty acids was performed via enzymatic esterification in one step using
Candida antarctica lipase B. The effect of fatty acid chain length on the activity of the lipase
was evaluated. Subsequently, the surface properties of the obtained products have been determined
such as hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, critical micellar concentration, and surfactant
packing parameter. Foaming and emulsifying ability were also measured. The highest conversion
was obtained by using docosanoic acid as an acylant agent (67.50 %). The surface tension
values are between 25 mN.m-1 for 1-O-octadecanoyl-D-xylopyranose and 47,17 mN.m-1 for
1-O-docosanoyl-D-xylopyranose. The emulsifying abilities of all esters exceeded 80%. It was
found that the surface properties of the surfactants are greatly affected by the fatty acid chain length. The surface
parameters results revealed that the prepared compounds have a good surface activity. Additionally, these
bio-surfactants display good emulsifying ability.
Oligomers Electrosynthesis: A Selective and Greener Synthetic Tool
Authors: Scarano Vincenzo , Mattiello Leonardo , Rocco Daniele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Oligomeric compounds can be considered from two points of view: polymer chemistry
often sees them as undesired by-products of polymerization processes or, more fruitfully, synthesizes
them as structural models for polymers, while organic chemistry synthesizes oligomers,
with a typical bottom-up approach, starting from the respective monomers. Conjugated oligomers
play a fundamental role in the field of organic semiconductors and therefore in the field of
industrial and high-tech applications. Electrochemistry can make a significant contribution to
the field of oligomers by rendering the syntheses more expeditious in comparison with the classical
organic ones. The electrochemical approach may offer several advantages over the traditional
organic synthesis. For example, cleaner and more sustainable syntheses and simpler and
shorter synthetic pathways. This review outlines the application of electrochemistry techniques
in the synthesis of oligomers.
A Concise Review of Carbon Dots and their Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Parashar Ashish Kumar , Verma Krishna Kumar , Kumar Rajeev , Arora Vandana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
For the last two decades, carbon dots, a revolutionary type of carbon nanomaterial with
less than 10 nm diameter, have attracted considerable research interest. CDs exhibit various physicochemical
properties and favorable characteristics, including excellent water solubility, unique optical
properties, low cost, eco-friendliness, an abundance of reactive surface groups, and high stability.
As a result, the synthesis of CDs and their applications in pharmaceutical and related disciplines
have received increasing interest. Since CDs are biocompatible and biodegradable with low toxicity,
they are a promising healthcare tool. CDs are extensively employed for numerous applications to
date, including theranostics, bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensing, gene delivery, cancer therapy,
electrochemical biosensing, and inflammatory treatment. This comprehensive review aims to explore
various synthesis methods of carbon dots, including top-down and bottom-up approaches, as
well as highlight the characterization techniques employed to assess their physicochemical and biological
properties. Additionally, the review delves into carbon dots' pharmaceutical and biomedical
applications, showcasing their potential in drug delivery, bioimaging, diagnostics, and therapeutics.