bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innate and Adaptive Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to a COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Young Children
Authors: Weinberg Adriana , Johnson Michael J , Garth Krystle , Hsieh Elena W Y , Kedl Ross , Weiskopf Daniela , Cassaday Mattie , Rester Cody , Cabrera-Martinez Berenice , Baxter Ryan M , Levin Myron J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
There is little information on cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in children. We studied adaptive and innate CMI in vaccinated children aged 6 to 60 months.

Methods
Blood obtained from participants in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of an mRNA vaccine before and 1 month after the first dose was used for antibody measurements and CMI (flow cytometry).

Results
We enrolled 29 children with a mean age of 28.5 months (SD, 15.7). Antibody studies revealed that 10 participants were infected with SARS-CoV-2 prevaccination. Ex vivo stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides showed significant increases pre- to postimmunization of activated conventional CD4+ and γδ T cells, natural killer cells, monocytes, and conventional dendritic cells but not mucosa-associated innate T cells. Conventional T-cell, monocyte, and conventional dendritic cell responses in children were higher immediately after vaccination than after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The fold increase in CMI pre- to postvaccination did not differ between children previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and those uninfected.

Conclusions
Children aged 6 to 60 months who were vaccinated with a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine developed robust CMI responses, including adaptive and innate immunity.
The Systematics of Olivine CaO + Cr-Spinel in High-Mg# Arc Volcanic Rocks: Evidence for in-Situ Mantle Wedge Depletion at the Arc Volcanic Front
Authors: Straub Susanne M , Batanova Valentina , Sobolev Alexander , Gómez-Tuena Arturo , Espinasa-Perena Ramon , Fleming W Lindsey , Bindeman Ilya N , Stuart Finlay M , Widom Elisabeth , Iizuka Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We investigated the state of the arc background mantle (i.e. mantle wedge without slab component) by means of olivine CaO and its Cr-spinel inclusions in a series of high-Mg# volcanic rocks from the Quaternary Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Olivine CaO was paired with the Cr# [molar Cr/(Cr + Al) *100] of Cr-spinel inclusions, and 337 olivine+Cr-spinel pairs were obtained from 33 calc-alkaline, high-K and OIB-type arc front volcanic rocks, and three monogenetic rear-arc basalts that lack subduction signatures. Olivine+Cr-spinels display coherent elemental and He–O isotopic systematics that contrast with the compositional diversity of the bulk rocks. All arc front olivines have low CaO (0.135 ± 0.029 wt %) relative to rear-arc olivines which have the higher CaO (0.248 ± 0.028 wt %) of olivines from mid-ocean ridge basalts. Olivine 3He/4He–δ18O isotope systematics confirm that the olivine+Cr-spinels are not, or negligibly, affected by crustal basement contamination, and thus preserve compositional characteristics of primary arc magmas. Variations in melt H2O contents in the arc front series and the decoupling of olivine CaO and Ni are inconsistent with controls on the olivine CaO by melt water and/or secondary mantle pyroxenites. Instead, we propose that low olivine CaO reflects the typical low melt CaO of high-Mg# arc magmas erupting through thick crust. We interpret the inverse correlation of olivine CaO and Cr-spinel Cr# over a broad range of Cr# (~10–70) as co-variations of CaO, Al and Cr of their (near) primary host melts, which derived from a mantle that has been variably depleted by slab-flux driven serial melt extraction. Our results obviate the need for advecting depleted residual mantle from rear- and back-arc region, but do not upset the larger underlying global variations of melt CaO high-Mg# arc magmas worldwide, despite leading to considerable regional variations of melt CaO at the arc front of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt.
The m6A reader ECT1 drives mRNA sequestration to dampen salicylic acid–dependent stress responses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lee Keun Pyo , Liu Kaiwei , Kim Eun Yu , Medina-Puche Laura , Dong Haihong , Di Minghui , Singh Rahul Mohan , Li Mengping , Qi Shan , Meng Zhuoling , Cho Jungnam , Zhang Heng , Lozano-Duran Rosa , Kim Chanhong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common epitranscriptional mRNA modification in eukaryotes. Thirteen putative m6A readers, mostly annotated as EVOLUTIONARILY CONSERVED C-TERMINAL REGION (ECT) proteins, have been identified in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but few have been characterized. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis m6A reader ECT1 modulates salicylic acid (SA)–mediated plant stress responses. ECT1 undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation in vitro, and its N-terminal prion-like domain is critical for forming in vivo cytosolic biomolecular condensates in response to SA or bacterial pathogens. Fluorescence-activated particle sorting coupled with quantitative PCR analyses unveiled that ECT1 sequesters SA-induced m6A modification-prone mRNAs through its conserved aromatic cage to facilitate their decay in cytosolic condensates, thereby dampening SA-mediated stress responses. Consistent with this finding, ECT1 overexpression promotes bacterial multiplication in plants. Collectively, our findings unequivocally link ECT1-associated cytosolic condensates to SA-dependent plant stress responses, advancing the current understanding of m6A readers and the SA signaling network.
Unitarity violation in field theories of Lee–Wick’s complex ghost
Authors: Kubo Jisuke , Kugo Taichiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Theories with fourth-order derivatives, including the Lee–Wick finite QED model and quadratic gravity, have a better UV behavior, but the presence of negative metric ghost modes endangers unitarity. Noticing that the ghost acquires a complex mass by radiative corrections, Lee and Wick, in particular, claimed that such complex ghosts would never be created by collisions of physical particles because of energy conservation, so that the physical S-matrix unitarity must hold. We investigate the unitarity problem faithfully, working in the operator formalism of quantum field theory. When complex ghosts participate, a complex delta function (a generalization of the Dirac delta function) appears at each interaction vertex, which enforces a specific conservation law of complex energy. Its particular property implies that the naive Feynman rule is wrong if the four-momenta are assigned to the internal lines after taking account of the conservation law in advance. We show that complex ghosts are actually created and unitarity is violated in such fourth-order derivative theories. We also find a definite energy threshold below which ghosts cannot be created: The theories are unitary and renormalizable below the threshold.
Ongoing reporting obligations of a Cyprus International Trust
Authors: Neocleous Elias , Christodoulou Elena , Christodoulou Alexis 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the ongoing reporting obligations of a Cyprus International Trust in the context of evolving compliance requirements, particularly in relation to the latest European anti-money-laundering directives. It highlights the transposition of the 5th AMLD into Cyprus law and the recent European Court of Justice decision limiting public access to Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO) registers. The article also explores the laws governing regulated professionals and the disclosure of trust data in Cyprus; and further examines the Cyprus UBO register of express trusts and the limited access granted to the public, touching on the challenges that lie ahead.
Impact of Coriandrum sativum seeds extract on albino rats’ testicular toxicity caused by carbendazim
Authors: Tousson Ehab , Shalaby Somaya Y , El-Gharbawy Doaa M , Akela Mohamed A , Rabea Mohamed , Kandil Eman H 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
A broad spectrum carbamate fungicide called carbendazim (Carb) is used to combat a number of different fungal diseases. One of the extensively utilized medicinal plants in oriental countries is Coriandrum sativum.

Aim
In the current study, the impact of C. sativum seeds extract (CSE) on albino rats’ testicular toxicity caused by carbendazim was investigated.

Materials and methods
A total of 50 male albino rats were classified into 5 groups [Gp1, Control Gp; Gp2, Coriandrum Gp (CSE); Gp 3, carbendazim Gp (Carb); Gp 4, Co treated CSE with Carb (CSE + Carb); Gp 5, Post treated Carb with CSE (Carb + CSE)].

Results
Carb induced elevation in serum LH. FSH, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA), testicular nitric oxide (NO) markers and testicular injury and it reduced serum testosterone, testicular glutathione (GSH), testicular catalase and PCNA. Treatments of Carb with CSE (CSE + Carb and/or Carb + CSE) improved these parameters and reduced testicular toxicity with best results for Carb + CSE than CSE + Carb.

Conclusions
The above findings revealed that; Carb induced testicular toxicity and it supported the hypothesis that the antioxidant characteristics of one or more of CSE constituents can reduce the testicular toxicity of Carb.
COVID-19 positive cases in a pediatric surgery department from Romania: Case series from 2 years of pandemics
Authors: Filip Florin , Avramia Ramona , Terteliu-Baitan Monica , Cocuz Maria - Elena , Filip Roxana 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
The COVID-19 pandemic had a dramatic effect on various health systems in terms of admissions and outcomes, including pediatric surgery activity. The aim of this paper was to analyze the outcome of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients admitted to our department during the regional COVID-19 pandemic in North-Eastern Romania. We also evaluated the changes generated in our daily practice by the COVID-19 pandemic and the dynamic response to this major challenge.

Patient concerns:
The patients presented with symptoms related to their primary diagnosis: local pain and deformity in case of fractures; pain, swelling, and erythema in case of abscess; pain and decreased range of motion (ROM) in case of intolerance to metal implants. Other specific concerns are mentioned on an individual basis.

Diagnoses:
Eighteen patients (of which 4 had acute appendicitis and were included in a previous article), representing 1.18% of the total number of admissions, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. There were 4 patients with fractures, 3 patients with soft tissue abscess or cellulitis, 2 patients with intolerance to metal implants, 1 patient with facial burn, 1 patient with thumb laceration, 1 patient with liver trauma, 1 patient with undescende testis, and 1 patient with symptomatic inguinal hernia, respectively. Boys represented 11/ 14 (78.57%) of the cases. The mean age of the patients was 9 years 11 months. There were only mild COVID-19 cases.

Interventions:
Surgery was performed in 13/ 14 (95.71%) of cases. The fractures were treated with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF); incision and drainage (I & D) were performed in case of soft tissue abscess; the metal implants were removed in case of local intolerance. Other conditions (burn, inguinal hernia, undescended testis, skin laceration) were treated specifically. Only 1 patient with liver laceration was treated conservatively under close hemodynamic monitoring.

Outcomes:
The mean length of stay (LoS) was 2.71 days. The infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus had no deleterious effect on the surgical outcome among the 14 patients included in the study. There were no surgical complications during admission and no patient returned for late complications related to their primary disease or SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Lessons:
The SARS-CoV-2 infection had no significant influence on the outcome of pediatric surgical cases included in the study. We noticed a significant (31.54%) decrease in the number of admissions compared to the previous 2-year interval before the COVID-19 pandemic. Fast and adequate adjustment of the daily activity imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic was feasible and may be used in the future should similar epidemiological emergencies occur.
A new strategy for the treatment of heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ge Ting-Ting , Pan Xiao-Juan , Zuo Xi-Meng , Shi Xiao-Guang , Wang Yu-Kun , Sun Ping , Gao Xiang , Feng Xue , Gao Shuang , Wang Tang-Shun 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Breast cancer is one of the most common type of cancers worldwide and remains a critical health issue. Although there are numerous treatment options for advanced metastatic breast cancer, the results are not satisfactory, particularly for triple-negative breast cancer. New treatment modalities need to be explored.

Case presentation:
We present the case of a breast cancer patient with multiple metastases who achieved a good response and tolerance to the combination treatment of utidelone plus capecitabine. After being treated with 10 cycles of combined treatment, the patient is now in a good general condition with a progression-free survival time of 10 months.

Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this is the first report of utidelone plus capecitabine successfully treating a patient with heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer. This combined treatment offers a new option for patients with multi-drug resistant breast cancer.
Efficacy and safety of baricitinib in patients with severe COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Song Wenxin , Sun Shishen , Feng Yilong , Liu Liujun , Gao Tianqi , Xian Shaoxiang , Chen Jie 
Published: December 2023

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods:
Databases were searched for studies that compared the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of baricitinib with standard therapy for the treatment of severe COVID-19 and clearly reported relevant outcomes published until December 31, 2022. The corresponding data were extracted from these studies. A fixed-effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates. The study protocol can be accessed at PROSPERO (CRD42023394173).

Results:
The baricitinib group had a significantly lower mortality rate and proportion of patients who received mechanical ventilation than the control group (OR = 0.61, 0.57; P = .008, 0.02; 95% CI 0.42–0.88; 0.35–0.92; I2 = 71% and 86%, respectively). The length of hospital stay and rates of severe adverse events were not significantly different between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
Baricitinib reduces mortality and mechanical ventilation requirements in patients with severe COVID-19. Therefore, we developed a comprehensive understanding of the role of baricitinib in patients with severe COVID-19.
A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A case report
Authors: Jiang Junsheng , Fan Zheng , Mao Yueyan 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome is a syndrome of multisystem involvement caused by a novel coronavirus infection that can lead to cardiogenic shock and death in children.

Patient concerns:
A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed with multiple organ and multiple system involvement after Kawasaki disease.

Diagnosis:
Novel coronavirus infection-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children was considered.

Interventions:
The patients received aspirin, methylprednisolone and gammaglobulin to treat multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Outcomes:
After treatment, the child recovered and was discharged from the hospital.

Lessons:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is often mistaken for Kawasaki disease, fortunately, their treatments are similar, the purpose of this case is to remind clinicians of the need for early management of children with multisystem failure following novel coronavirus infection, increase the detection rate, and save the life of the child.
Cornual pregnancy rupture and massive hemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Cai Xiaqin , Fu Yizhou , Hong Ke , Zhou Yuefang , Qi Guangju 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Corneal pregnancy is rare and difficult to detect in the early stages. Due to the abundant blood supply in this area, a rupture can result in massive internal bleeding, shock, and even death. Therefore, immediate surgery is necessary, and patients must replenish their blood volume as soon as possible to ensure blood supply to important organs. For those whose blood pressure cannot immediately rise, surgery should be performed while resisting shock to buy time.

Case summary:
We present the case of a 34-year-old Chinese woman at 19 weeks of gestation who had a corneal pregnancy. No abnormalities were detected in the examinations in the first trimester. This patient was 19 weeks pregnant and sought medical advice due to sudden lower abdominal pain, syncope, and hemorrhagic shock. After rescue and treatment, she recovered and was discharged from the hospital, afterwards, the patient gave birth to a child 7 years later.

Conclusion:
The early diagnosis of cornual pregnancy is mainly based on ultrasound. However, there is a high incidence of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of this disease. Patients may face serious and life-threatening conditions in case of the rupture of cornual pregnancy. This disease can be mainly treated by surgery.
A case report of a patient with ductal carcinoma and a malignant phyllodes tumor in situ in 2 separate breasts
Authors: Li Chen , Zhang Chun 
Published: December 2023

Rationale:
Breast malignant phyllodes tumors (MPT) are quite uncommon. It is rarely reported that they occur in conjunction with breast cancer. We detailed a case in which an MPT and ductal carcinoma in situ carcinoma occurred simultaneously in 2 different breasts.

Patient concerns:
A 79-year-old female patient was seen for a rapidly growing lump in the upper left quadrant of her breast. The lump was described as huge, hard, irregular, and palpable. MRI of the breasts revealed a big mass in the left breast and a smaller lump in the right.

Diagnosis:
Ductal carcinoma in situ with breast MPT.

Interventions:
We performed a double mastectomy. Post-operative endocrine treatment was suggested.

Outcomes:
During the 18-month follow-up period, no signs of recurrence or metastasis were seen. The ultrasound examination of the chest wall showed no abnormality. Bilateral axillary and supraclavicular ultrasonography showed no lymphadenectasis and a CT scan of the lungs showed no suspicious cancer nodules.

Lessons:
It is possible for MPT and ductal carcinoma in situ to occur simultaneously in different breasts. Surgeons need to integrate clinical observations, imaging tools, and patient history to make an early diagnosis. Before undergoing surgery, a thorough examination of both breasts is required.
Machine-learning-algorithms-based diagnostic model for influenza A in children
Authors: Zeng Qian , Yang Chun , Li Yurong , Geng Xinran , Lv Xin 
Published: December 2023

Background:
At present, nucleic acid testing is the gold standard for diagnosing influenza A, however, this method is expensive, time-consuming, and unsuitable for promotion and use in grassroots hospitals. This study aimed to establish a diagnostic model that could accurately, quickly, and simply distinguish between influenza A and influenza like diseases.

Methods:
Patients with influenza-like symptoms were recruited between December 2019 and August 2023 at the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and basic information, nasopharyngeal swab and blood routine test data were included. Computer algorithms including random forest, GBDT, XGBoost and logistic regression (LR) were used to create the diagnostic model, and their performance was evaluated using the validation data sets.

Results:
A total of 4188 children with influenza-like symptoms were enrolled, of which 1992 were nucleic acid test positive and 2196 were matched negative. The diagnostic models based on the random forest, GBDT, XGBoost and logistic regression algorithms had AUC values of 0.835,0.872,0.867 and 0.784, respectively. The top 5 important features were lymphocyte (LYM) count, age, serum amyloid A (SAA), white blood cells (WBC) count and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). GBDT model had the best performance, the sensitivity and specificity were 77.23% and 80.29%, respectively.

Conclusions:
A computer algorithm diagnosis model of influenza A in children based on blood routine test data was established, which could identify children with influenza A more accurately in the early stage, and was easy to popularize.
Full thermal ablation versus partial thermal ablation for secondary hyperparathyroidism: A meta-analysis.
Authors: Gong Lifeng , Liu Xiaowu , Yang Qichao , Jiang Wei , Liu Xiaoming , Li Xianping , Xu Wei 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Regarding the thermal ablation treatment of refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), there is no consensus on the ablation range of the hyperplastic parathyroid gland. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and complications between full and partial thermal ablation in patients with refractory SHPT.

Methods:
Databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to July 1, 2023. Eligible studies comparing full thermal ablation and partial thermal ablation for SHPT were included. Data were analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.3.

Results:
Four studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three cohort studies and one randomized controlled trial involving 62 patients in the full thermal ablation group and 63 patients in the partial thermal ablation group were included. The serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphorus levels after full ablation were all lower than those after partial ablation (P < .05). There was no significant difference between the partial and full ablation groups concerning the incidence rate of severe hypocalcemia (P = .09). There was no significant difference between the partial and full ablation groups concerning symptom improvement, including bone joint pain, itching, and myasthenia (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Full ablation was superior to partial ablation in terms of reducing PTH, calcium and phosphorus levels. Full ablation might not significantly increase the incidence of severe hypocalcemia. Larger multicentre randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm the conclusion.