bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The School for Field Studies Centre for Coastal Studies
Authors: Farrell T.A. , Ollervides F. 
Published: May 2005

PurposeTo present the School for Field Studies‐Centre for Coastal Studies (SFS‐CCS) study abroad Mexico program, and consider its relative success as a sustainable development education program.Design/methodology/approachThe SFS‐CCS academic model and results of its implementation are presented. Program success is discussed by applying sustainable development education criteria found in the literature, and by sharing feedback from SFS‐CCS students, affiliates and clients. Examples of two student projects are also presented to consider program success.FindingsThe SFS‐CCS academic model structure, which includes a five‐year research plan, an interdisciplinary and case study approach, and integration of client needs and community projects, have helped the school meet its sustainable development education goals. Student research projects have also resulted in positive sustainable development outcomes for the surrounding community of Puerto San Carlos.Practical implicationsA description of the components of the academic model and recommendations made related to create similarly effective models are provided for study abroad and other sustainable development education institutions.Originality/valueThis paper recognizes how a study abroad program can contribute knowledge and lessons learned as part of the larger, global dialogue of how to provide successful sustainable development education.
A case study in applying lean sustainability concepts to universities
Authors: Comm Clare L. , Mathaisel Dennis F.X. 
Published: May 2005

PurposeTo apply the concepts of lean and sustainability to higher education.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was developed, administered to 18 public and private universities and analyzed.FindingsThe focus in higher education is now on cost reduction or budget containment initiatives. Although these initiatives were not implemented with the knowledge that they were implementing “lean” practices, their application has often reduced waste, improved operational efficiency, and contributed to sustainability.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a preliminary study with a sample size of 18 universities in the northeastern United States. Future research should include more universities in the United States as well as in other countries.Practical implicationsThe participating universities in this study shared their beliefs about how “lean” thinking can contribute to the sustainability of higher education. Other universities can “learn from their lessons”.Originality/valueVery little past research, except in the area of green marketing, has focused on lean sustainability concepts in higher education.
Introducing a new business course: “Global business and sustainability”
Authors: Marshall R. Scott , Harry Sean P. 
Published: May 2005

PurposeTo outline the themes, topics and material used in a new course, Global business and sustainability, for business educators interested in integrating this emergingparadigm into their courses.Design/methodology/approachThe structure, design and reference materials for the Global business and sustainability course are reviewed. Specific challenges in designing the course are discussed. Recommendations are provided on how key frameworks developed for this course can aid in the delivery of a business course integrating sustainability concepts.FindingsCompared to a more traditional business course, in a business course integrating sustainability concepts there is greater need for delineating the relationships between institutional, industry and corporate level factors linked to sustainability issues. However, a business course developed around the principles of sustainability is also similar to any other course in the business curriculum in that it needs to demonstrate the link between competitive actions and outcomes. Finally, sustainable development and sustainability are concepts that, in principle, should appeal and apply across cultural and national boundaries.Practical implicationsA useful source of information for business educators planning to integrate sustainability issues and concepts into their courses.Originality/valueThis paper addresses an important emerging paradigm and offers practical advice on how to incorporate this paradigm into business curriculum.
Library users in human information behaviour
Authors: Steinerová Jela , Šušol Jaroslav 
Published: May 2005

PurposeAims to study human information behaviour as part of the research project on the interaction of man and the information environment (project VEGA 1/9236/02) and to analyse library users' information behaviour on both sides of the information coin – information usage and information production/publishing.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology was composed of the following steps: pilot studies of students' information‐seeking behaviour; a large‐scale questionnaire survey of users of academic and research libraries; data analyses and interpretations; verification of hypotheses; multiple data sorting; and modelling of user groups.FindingsLibrary users appreciate easy access and well‐organised forms of information, with an emphasis on electronic sources. In their capacity as authors of professional papers, only few subjects considered print and electronic publishing to be equal. Two user types have been derived from the data analysis. Type S manifests pragmatic ways of information seeking and appreciates the low cost and speed of electronic publishing. Type A is characterised by analytic, in‐depth information processing, stressing the prestige and review process of print publishing.Research limitations/implicationsQuantitative methods can form a starting‐point for typologies of human information behaviour. Additional qualitative methods, especially interviews with students, focus groups and observations, are planned for future research into modelling of users' information behaviour.Originality/valueBased on the analysis, two information‐seeking styles have been identified: strategic and analytic. Differences between the search styles suggest that systems designers, knowledge managers and libraries should be open to the creative use and representation of electronic information, taking into account different information behaviours.
The impact of electronic information delivery on reference enquiries
Authors: Murray Janet , Tschernitz Cindy 
Published: May 2005

PurposeThis paper seeks to examine the impact of greater access to electronic information, both free and fee‐based, on reference enquiries.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology included an extensive literature review and interviews with reference services librarians both in Australia and overseas.FindingsThe assumption that greater internet access and use equal a decline in public and state library reference enquiries is not proven.Originality/valueThe paper concludes with a summary of trends, predictions and scenarios of usage of state and public library reference services in an increasingly electronic age, paying special attention and emphasis to the Australian environment.
Indigenous database development in Indian research and development library and information centres
Authors: Kanaujia Sukula Shiva 
Published: May 2005

PurposeThe present paper aims to study the development of indigenous databases and their benefits for library users in libraries and information centers in the research and development institutions of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research of North India and to discuss the role of indigenous databases, their development and impact.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a survey methodology. Data were collected through a detailed questionnaire, together with interviews, and analyzed by dividing the concepts into themes, such as: factors responsible for developing indigenous databases; perceptions and attitude of librarians regarding indigenous databases; database forms and formats; database development from a national perspective; database maintenance, services and marketing.FindingsThe findings reveal that indigenous database development is currently taking place and it has future potential. Librarians have positive attitudes towards the different aspects of indigenous databases, as library information products/services. The study recommends that efforts be made to increase user‐awareness and to create a broader knowledge resource. Instead of scattered approaches and different styles, a coherent approach needs to be taken.Research limitations/implicationsOnly North Indian laboratories have been surveyed, so the study does not provide a complete picture of indigenous science and technology (S&T) databases.Practical implicationsThe study is a useful source of information about the development of indigenous databases in the Indian S&T environment.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils an identified information/resource need and provides information about the current development of indigenous databases in India.
Google Scholar: the pros and the cons
Authors: Jacsó Péter 
Published: May 2005

PurposeTo identify the pros and the cons of Google Scholar.Design/methodology/approachChronicles the recent history of the Google Scholar search engine from its inception in November 2004 and critiques it with regard to its merits and demerits.FindingsFeels that there are massive content omissions presently but that, with future changes in its structure, Google Scholar will become an excellent free tool for scholarly information discovery and retrieval.Originality/valuePresents a useful analysis for potential users of the Google Scholar site.
The role of social capital in the relationship between human capital and career mobility
Authors: Lin Shu‐Chi , Huang Yin‐Mei 
Published: May 2005

PurposeThis study aims to examine what kind of role social capital plays in the relationship between human capital and career outcomes, with a particular focus on testing the mediation and moderation models.Design/methodology/approachUsing data compiled from 111 employees at three financial institutions in Taiwan, social capital was measured by employees based on network in‐degree centrality, and development potential was measured by supervisors.FindingsResults showed that the effects of human capital on developmental potential were fully mediated by social capital. Moreover, employees with firm‐specific human capital, managerial positions and longer tenure, received higher potential evaluations by their supervisors through their central positions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study shed light on the direct and significant effects of social capital on developmental potential, while human capital should translate into social capital to get positive career outcomes. That is, it is social capital that transforms human capital into workplace gains, e.g. producing positive career outcomes and increasing supervisors' perception of potential.Practical implicationsEmployees should make best use of social capital transformed from human capital to obtain positive career outcomes in the organizations.Originality/valueSupport for the authors' mediation model suggests that both social capital and careers literature can be enhanced though integration. It follows that future research on career outcomes would benefit from the inclusion of social capital variables.
An evaluation of the Balanced Scorecard® in equity valuation
Authors: Wang Wanncherng 
Published: May 2005

PurposeTo examine the value relevance of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) for equity valuation.Design/methodology/approachThe investigations are based on the empirical relationships between a set of BSC indicators and the exchange ratios for a sample of 32 mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of 14 financial holding companies. Data sources are collected from machine‐readable database, annual financial reports, industry reports and professional magazines. The study period covers years 2000‐2002.FindingsFirst, the BSC indicators explain as high as 90 percent of the variations of the exchange ratios. Consistent with the spirit of BSC, non‐financial performance measures play an important role in the valuation of financial institutions, incrementally improving about 40 percent of explanatory power. Second, empirical evidence shows that acquiring firms outperform the acquired firms and target firms outperform the non‐target firms in terms of BSC measures.Research limitations/implicationsThe small sample size and the limited set of the BSC indicators may constrain the applicability of the results to other industries and time periods.Practical implicationsThe empirical results provide a concrete and practical framework for the valuation of intangibles and the application of the BSC in M&As.Originality/valueThe study examines the BSC as a framework for the valuation of intangibles. The empirical results support the usefulness of the BSC in equity valuation and further corroborate a number of extant theories in the M&A literature.
A comparative analysis of periapical health based on historic and current data
Authors: Chazel J. C. , Tramini P. , Valcarcel J. , Pélissier B. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAim  To compare periapical health using samples from prehistoric and historic periods until the present day, and to emphasize the major risk indicators for apical periodontitis (AP).Methodology  A comparative survey to assess periapical health was performed on five samples (525 individuals) drawn from different periods of history within the time frame 2000 bc to 2000 ad. Twenty‐one binary risk indicators for AP were retained for a logistic regression model. The probability of a diseased tooth was defined from a two‐level response variable based on the periapical index (PAI). An individual regression model was computed with partial least squares (PLS) regression model, based on the individual mean values of the nine retained risk indicators.Results  Condensing osteitis, tooth wear, caries, root fillings and the presence of inadequate root fillings were associated with the PAI levels. The maxillary molars and recent time periods (contemporaneous and seventeenth century) were also risk indicators for the pathological condition. The PLS regression for individuals demonstrated correlations between risk factors. This multidimensional analysis indicated that the mean PAI was correlated mainly with caries and condensing osteitis. Condensing osteitis was more frequent in the mandibular than in the maxillary bone (P = 0.001), and correlated with tooth wear in ancient periods.Conclusions  This comparative analysis demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of AP in the contemporary period. The most important risk indicators for that period were the presence of inadequate root fillings, carious lesions and condensing osteitis.
The effect of application time of EDTA and NaOCl on intracanal smear layer removal: an SEM analysis
Authors: Teixeira C. S. , Felippe M. C. S. , Felippe W. T. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAim  To verify, under the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the influence of irrigation time with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on intracanal smear layer removal.Methodology  Twenty‐one extracted human permanent teeth with single straight root canals were included. The root canals of the teeth were instrumented and, at the end of preparation, were irrigated with 3 mL of 15% EDTA, followed by 3 mL of 1% NaOCl for 1 min (group 1), for 3 min (group 2), and for 5 min (group 3). The canals of teeth in group 4 (control) did not receive the final irrigation. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally and prepared for an SEM. The dentinal wall of cervical, middle and apical thirds was graded according to the amount of debris and smear layer remaining on the walls. The results were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Conover–Inman tests.Results  In all the canals of experimental groups irrigation with EDTA and NaOCl completely removed the smear layer from the cervical and middle thirds. In the apical third, the dentine surface were partially covered, particularly in the teeth of group 1, where there was significantly more smear layer when compared with the other thirds in the same group (P < 0.007). However, the Kruskal–Wallis test showed overall that there were no significant differences between groups 1, 2 and 3 (P > 0.05).Conclusion  In this limited laboratory study, canal irrigation with EDTA and NaOCl for 1, 3 and 5 min were equally effective in removing the smear layer from the canal walls of straight roots.
Periapical resurgery versus periapical surgery: a 5‐year longitudinal comparison
Authors: Gagliani M. M. , Gorni F. G. M. , Strohmenger L. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractAim  To monitor and compare the outcome of periradicular surgery in teeth that had previously undergone surgical treatment versus teeth that were undergoing a surgical procedure for the first time.Methodology  A total of 164 patients with 231 roots with previously unresolved periapical lesions were followed for up to 5 years following surgery. In all, 162 roots had received unsuccessful conventional root canal treatment (group AS) and 69 had been treated previously using apical surgery (group RS). The surgical procedure was completed using ultrasonic retrotips to prepare the apical root‐end cavity, and a zinc‐oxide EBA reinforced material was used to fill the apical root‐end cavities. Lesions were radiologically examined from 1 to 5 years following the surgical procedure. Radiographs were independently analysed, according to a previously published classification.Results  In all the roots examined after 5 years, the overall healing rate was 78%; in group AS, 140 (86%) healed with complete bone filling of the surgical cavity, 12 (7%) were considered to have incompletely healed and 10 (6%) were associated with post‐treatment disease. In group RS, 41 (59%) healed completely, 12 (17%) were considered to have incompletely healed and 16 (23%) were associated with post‐treatment disease. The difference between a second surgical procedure and a first surgical procedure was statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U‐test, P = 0.001).Conclusion  Surgical retreatment of teeth previously treated with surgery is a valid alternative to extraction. However, association with post‐treatment disease was greater than after a primary surgical approach.
Unicystic ameloblastoma: a possible pitfall in periapical diagnosis
Authors: Cunha E. M. , Fernandes A. V. , Versiani M. A. , Loyola A. M. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractCunha EM, Fernandes AV, Versiani MA, Loyola AM.Unicystic ameloblastoma: a possible pitfall in periapical diagnosis. International Endodontic Journal, 38, 334–340, 2005.Aim  To report a clinical case of unicystic ameloblastoma previously misdiagnosed as radicular cyst.Summary  A 49‐year‐old white male was referred to a private practitioner complaining of an asymptomatic bony hard swelling of the left posterior mandible. The patient's dental history indicated that his left mandibular first molar had been extracted approximately 10 years previously. At that time, preoperative radiographic examination demonstrated a radiolucent area of 1.5 cm diameter with well‐defined margins involving the distal root of tooth 36. The lesion was diagnosed as cystic and surgery for its removal was advised, but not performed. At presentation, radiography demonstrated a well‐defined 3 cm diameter radiolucency extending from the second premolar to the second molar. The lesion was enucleated and histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma.Key learning points •Despite a clinical diagnosis of periapical disease of endodontic origin, a nonendodontic lesion may be present.•Unicystic ameloblastoma located on the periapical area of a tooth can lead to a pulp‐periapical misdiagnosis, and should be considered in differential diagnosis.•All tissue specimens recovered in apical surgery should be submitted to histopathological analysis.
Childhood abuse in Swedish female users of psychiatric services
Authors: NILSSON G. , BENGTSSON‐TOPS A. B. , PERSSON L. 
Published: May 2005

Introduction:  The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) the prevalence of childhood abuse in women admitted to psychiatric services in a county in the south of Sweden; (2) who the perpetrators were; and (3) the women's self‐reported consequences of childhood abuse.Method:  The study had a cross‐sectional design and was a part of a more comprehensive study. An anonymous self‐reported questionnaire was used which included both closed and open‐ended questions. The data material were analysed by means of descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U‐test and manifest content analysis.Results:  The total number of women who participated in the study was 259, 51% of whom reported experiences of abuse during childhood, with 53% of these having been exposed to more than one type of abuse. The most frequent perpetrator was the woman's parents; mainly the fathers but also the mothers turned out to be frequent perpetrators of abuse. Some 75% of the women reported current psychological problems in adulthood related to abuse in childhood. According to a manifest content analysis, five themes of self‐reported psychological problems emerged: psychiatric problems, shortcomings in social relations, poor self‐confidence, fears and bad memories.
Circulating Epstein–Barr Virus in Children Living in Malaria‐Endemic Areas
Authors: Rasti N. , Falk K. I. , Donati D. , Gyan B. A. , Goka B. Q. , Troye‐Blomberg M. , Akanmori B. D. , Kurtzhals J. A. L. , Dodoo D. , Consolini R. , Linde A. , Wahlgren M. , Bejarano M. T. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractChildren living in malaria‐endemic regions have high incidence of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), the aetiology of which involves Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infections. Acute malarial infection impairs the EBV‐specific immune responses with the consequent increase in the number of EBV‐carrying B cells in the circulation. To further understand the potential influence of malarial infection on the EBV persistence in children living in malaria‐endemic areas, we studied the occurrence and quantified cell‐free EBV‐DNA in plasma from 73 Ghanaian children with and without acute malarial infection. Viral DNA was detected in 40% of the samples (47% in the malaria‐infected and 34% in the nonmalaria group) but was absent in plasma from Ghanaian adults and healthy Italian children. These findings provide evidence that viral reactivation is common among children living in malaria‐endemic areas, and may contribute to the increased risk for endemic BL. The data also suggest that the epidemiology of EBV infection and persistence varies in different areas of the world.