bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling chemical clocks
Authors: Molero M. , Magrini L. , Palla M. , Cescutti G. , Viscasillas Vázquez C. , Casali G. , Spitoni E. , Matteucci F. , Randich S. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Chemical clocks based on [s-process element/α element] ratios are widely used to estimate the ages of Galactic stellar populations. However, the [s/α] versus age relations are not universal, varying with metallicity, location in the Galactic disc, and specific s-process elements. Moreover, current Galactic chemical evolution models struggle to reproduce the observed [s/α] increase at young ages, particularly for Ba.
Aims. Our aim is to provide chemical evolution models for different regions of the Milky Way (MW) disc in order to identify the conditions required to reproduce the observed [s/H], [s/Fe], and [s/α] versus age relations.
Methods. We adopted a detailed multi-zone chemical evolution model for the MW including state-of-the-art nucleosynthesis prescriptions for neutron-capture elements. The s-process elements were synthesised in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and rotating massive stars, while r-process elements originate from neutron star mergers and magneto-rotational supernovae. Starting from a baseline model that successfully reproduces a wide range of neutron-capture element abundance patterns, we explored variations in gas infall/star formation history scenarios, AGB yield dependencies on progenitor stars, and rotational velocity distributions for massive stars. We compared the results of our model with the open clusters dataset from the sixth data release of the Gaia-ESO survey.
Results. A three-infall scenario for disc formation aligns better with the observed trends. The models capture the rise of [s/α] with age in the outer regions but fail towards the inner regions, with larger discrepancies for second s-process peak elements. Specifically, Ba production in the last 3 Gyr of chemical evolution would need to increase by slightly more than half to match the observations. The s-process contribution from low-mass (∼1.1 M⊙) AGB stars helps reconcile predictions with data but it requires a too-strong increase that is not predicted by current nucleosynthesis calculations, even with a potential i-process contribution. Variations in the metallicity dependence of AGB yields either worsen the agreement or show inconsistent effects across elements, while distributions of massive star rotational velocities with lower velocity at high metallicities fail to improve results due to balanced effects on different elements.
Conclusions. The predictions of our model confirm, as expected, that there is no single relationship [s/α] versus age and that it varies along the MW disc. However, the current prescriptions for neutron-capture element yields are not able to fully capture the complexity of evolution, particularly in the inner disc.
Kurzfassung der KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease (Leitlinie für die klinische Praxis zur Diabetesbehandlung bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit): eine Aktualisierung auf Grundlage neuer Erkenntnisse
Authors: Rossing Peter , Caramori M. L. , Chan Juliana C.N. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Hurst Clint , Khunti Kamlesh , Liew Adrian , Michos Erin D. , Navaneethan Sankar D. , Olowu Wasiu A. , Sadusky Tami , Tandon Nikhil , Tuttle Katherine R. , Wanner Christoph , Wilkens Katy G. , Zoungas Sophia , Craig Jonathan C. , Tunnicliffe David J. , Tonelli Marcello A. , Cheung Michael , Earley Amy , de Boer Ian H. 
Published: January 2025

Die Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2022 Klinische Praxisrichtlinie für die Behandlung des Diabetes bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit (chronic kidney disease, CKD) stellt eine Aktualisierung der KDIGO-Leitlinie 2020 dar. Die Leitlinie richtet sich an eine breite Zielgruppe von Klinikern, die Menschen mit Diabetes und CKD behandeln. Zu den Themenbereichen, deren Empfehlungen auf der Grundlage neuer Erkenntnisse aktualisiert wurden, gehören die Kapitel 1: Umfassende Versorgung von Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD sowie Kapitel 4: Glukosesenkende Therapien bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes (T2 D) und CKD. Der Inhalt früherer Kapitel zur glykämischen Überwachung und zu den Zielen bei Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 2), Lebensstilinterventionen bei Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 3) und Ansätzen für das Management von Patienten mit Diabetes und CKD (Kapitel 5) werden als aktuell erachtet und wurden nicht geändert. Diese aktualisierte Leitlinie wurde nach einem eindeutigen Prozess der Evidenzprüfung und -bewertung entwickelt. Die Behandlungsansätze und Leitlinienempfehlungen basieren auf systematischen Übersichten relevanter Studien und Bewertung der Evidenz-Qualität. Die Stärke der Empfehlungen folgt dem GRADE-Ansatz (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation).Die Grenzen der Evidenzen werden erörtert, und es werden Bereiche identifiziert, in denen zusätzliche Forschung erforderlich ist.
Investigation of Endothelial Cell Density after PreserFlo Implantation Compared to Contralateral Eyes without PreserFlo Implantation – A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Grobshäuser Ellen , Cunha Vaz Martinho Antonio , Gatzioufas Zisis , Hasler Pascal , Maloca Peter , Gugleta Konstantin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background Loss of corneal endothelial cells after glaucoma surgery can lead to corneal decompensation and reduced vision. This loss may be accelerated by drainage implants like PreserFlo, which allow controlled subconjunctival filtration. In a retrospective analysis, we examined its impact on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD).
Patients and methods Data from medical records for 94 eyes were retrospectively analyzed. This included 47 PreserFlo-operated eyes and 47 contralateral control eyes. Inclusion criteria were open-angle glaucoma, laser trabeculoplasty as the only prior glaucoma surgery, and a contralateral control eye without any previous glaucoma surgeries and without any relevant diseases. Only standalone procedures and pseudophakic eyes were considered. We included 48 eyes at 2 weeks (24 operated, 24 control eyes), 72 at 3 months (36 each), 34 at 1 year (17 each), and 36 at 3 years (18 each).
Results Preoperatively, the 47 eyes that were planned for surgery had a mean ECD of 2141 ± 527 cells/mm², and the 47 control eyes had an ECD of 2114 ± 561 cells/mm². Two weeks postoperatively, ECD decreased by 5.4% in the operated eyes and increased by 1.1% in the control eyes. After 3 months, endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 3.6% (operated) and 1.9% (controls). After 1 year, ECL was 11.7% (operated) and 5.6% (controls); after 3 years it was 7.6% (operated) and 2.9% (controls). No significant differences in ECL dynamics between the operated and control eyes were detected by the analysis of variance.
Conclusion Although there was a trend to accelerated ECL in operated eyes compared to controls, this difference was not significant. Overall, the Preserflo procedure appears safe as regards to its influence on endothelial cell count.
Outcomes of RDAVR with Coronary Revascularization: 3-year Results from the German INCA Registry
Authors: Lenos Aristidis , Strauch Justus T. , Schlömicher Markus , Fleissner Felix , Valencia-Nunez Diana M. , Garbade Jens , Gottardi Roman , Massoudy Parwis , Kamler Markus , Malik Rizwan , Wimmer-Greinecker Gerhard , Walther Thomas , Gummert Jan , Bramlage Peter , Diegeler Anno 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background The long-term outcomes of combined rapid-deployment aortic valve replacement (RDAVR) with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are not well explored. We report 3-year results from the INCA registry on combined RDAVR with CABG.
Methods INCA is a prospective, multicenter registry that enrolled 224 patients undergoing RDAVR with CABG at 10 cardiac institutions in Germany. Prosthetic valve hemodynamics, clinical outcomes, and quality of life (QoL) up to 3 years were assessed.
Results The mean age of patients was 73.6 ± 6.1 years, and the mean logistic EuroSCORE was 7.8 ± 6.0%. The mean number of distal arterial and venous anastomoses was 3.13 ± 1.56, aortic cross-clamp time was 79.4 ± 24.1 minutes, cardiopulmonary bypass time was 109.6 ± 34.5 minutes, and operation time was 224.2 ± 62.7 minutes. The majority of implanted valve size was 25 mm. At baseline, 11 patients (4.9.%) had a permanent pacemaker. Postoperatively, 17 patients (7.6%) required a new pacemaker implantation (5.4% valve-related). All-cause mortality at 30 days was 2.2%, and 11.2% at 3 years. Patient QoL (SF-12v2) was significantly restored and maintained for up to 3 years (p < 0.001). Five patients (0.9%) underwent reoperation related to endocarditis. The postimplant mean gradient was 9.2 ± 3.7 at discharge and 8.9 ± 4.6 mm Hg at 3 years.
Conclusion Combined RDAVR with CABG procedure is safe and effective over time. It offers stable and low transvalvular gradients with satisfactory clinical outcomes at 3 years. The pacemaker rate appears to be slightly increased, with no significant clinical effect at 3 years.
Roseoglobuloside A, a Novel Nonanolide, and Identification of Specialized Metabolites as hPTP1B1 – 400 Inhibitors from Mangrove-Dwelling Aspergillus spp
Authors: Fajardo-Hernández Carlos A. , Zavala-Sierra Ángeles G. , Merlin-Lucas Verenice I. , Morales-Jiménez Jesús I. , Rivera-Chávez José 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn approach combining enzymatic inhibition and untargeted metabolomics through molecular networking was employed to search for human recombinant full-length protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (hPTP1 B1 – 400) inhibitors from a collection of 66 mangrove-associated fungal taxa. This strategy prioritized two Aspergillus strains (IQ-1612, section Circumdati, and IQ-1620, section Nigri) for further studies. Chemical investigation of strain IQ-1612 resulted in the isolation of a new nonanolide derivative, roseoglobuloside A (1), along with two known metabolites (2 and 3), whereas strain IQ-1620 led to the isolation of four known naphtho-γ-pyrones and one known diketopiperazine (4–8). Of all isolates, compounds 2, 3, and 7 showed a marked inhibitory effect on hPTP1B1 – 400 with an IC50 value < 20 µM, while 6 showed moderate inhibition with IC50 of
65 µM. Compounds 1 and 8 were inactive at a concentration of 100 µM, whereas 4 and 5 demonstrated significant inhibition at 20 µM. The structure of 1 was established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, and its relative and absolute configuration was assigned based on NOE correlations and by comparison of calculated and experimental ECD curves. Molecular docking indicated that these molecules primarily bind to two different allosteric sites, thereby inducing conformational changes that impact enzymatic activity.
Os riscos do polimetilmetacrilato: Revisão integrativa de 587 casos de complicações
Authors: Sampaio Marcelo Moura Costa , Costa Alessandra Lima , Vianna Luiz Henrique Megale Conteville , Marinho Pedro Burlacchini Sanches , Santos Ionara Maria de Almeida , Moraes Mariana Alcantara Rodrigues de 
Published: January 2025

Resumo
Introdução A demanda por procedimentos estéticos minimamente invasivos impulsionou o uso do polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) como preenchimento dérmico, que a princípio foi aprovado para lipodistrofias relacionadas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV – human immunodeficiency virus, em inglês). Seu uso inadequado causa graves complicações, como inflamações, migração do material, infecções e repercussões sistêmicas. Nesta revisão, objetivamos realizar uma investigação sobre esses riscos e complicações relatadas na literatura nos últimos 20 anos.
Materiais e Métodos Realizamos uma revisão integrativa de estudos descritivos sobre complicações do PMMA publicados entre 2004 e 2024, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Scopus. Foram analisados 38 estudos, totalizando 587 casos, e foram excluídos artigos publicados fora do período analisado ou que não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão.
Resultados Encontramos 587 casos de complicações associadas ao PMMA, sendo que 64% deles ocorreram no Brasil. O sítio mais frequente foi a região malar, seguido do sulco nasogeniano, da região glútea, e dos lábios. As complicações variaram entre imediatas e tardias, e de repercussões simples a mais severas. As mais frequentes foram: eritema (26%), prurido (16%), edema (11%), granulomas (21%), nodulações (14%) e alterações cutâneas (8%), incluindo casos graves de insuficiência renal, hipercalcemia, choque séptico, infecções e necrose de tecido. A quantidade injetada de material variou de 1,9 a 900 mL, e, no que tange ao tratamento, houve predominância de esteroides, antibióticos e necessidade de abordagem cirúrgica, com realização de excisões, drenagem de abscesso e desbridamento.
Conclusão Preenchimentos com PMMA estão associados a complicações graves, e seu uso muitas vezes não está relacionado à correção de lipodistrofias por HIV. O material tem riscos significativos, incluindo complicações sistêmicas, com a necessidade de remoção cirúrgica.
Extending Badger's rule. I. The relationship between energy and structure in hydrogen bonds
Authors: Santis Garrett D. , Xantheas Sotiris S. 
Published: January 2025

We derive a new expression for the strength of a hydrogen bond (VHB) in terms of the elongation of the covalent bond of the donor fragment participating in the hydrogen bond (ΔrHB) and the intermolecular coordinates R (separation between the heavy atoms) and θ (deviation of the hydrogen bond from linearity). The expression includes components describing the covalent D–H bond of the hydrogen bond donor via a Morse potential, the Pauli repulsion, and electrostatic interactions between the constituent fragments using a linear expansion of their dipole moment and a quadratic expansion of their polarizability tensor. We fitted the parameters of the model using ab initio electronic structure results for six hydrogen bonded dimers, namely, NH3–NH3, H2O–H2O, HF–HF, H2O–NH3, HF–H2O, and HF–NH3, and validated its performance for extended parts of their potential energy surfaces, resulting in a mean absolute error ranging from 0.07 to 0.31 kcal/mol. The derived expression describes the energy–structure relationship in terms of a single structural parameter, namely, the elongation of the donor’s covalent bond (ΔrHB), and suggests the novel relationship of 8.0 kcal/mol pm−1 (or 0.8 kcal/mol per 0.001 Å elongation). This structural parameter is easily obtained from theory and can serve as the single descriptor of the strength of individual hydrogen bonds.
Study on axial compressive damage performance of SMA strips confined concrete columns by acoustic emission technology
Authors: Xu Lidan , Zhu Miaomiao , Zhao Jitao , Shi Mingfang , Chen Ming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The shape memory effect induced by thermally exciting shape memory alloy (SMA) provides an active constraint method for structural reinforcement. To investigate the axial compression performance and failure mechanism of SMA strips confined concrete columns, axial compression tests and real-time acoustic emission (AE) monitoring were performed on concrete columns with diverse pre-strain levels and constraint methods. The results reveal that the constraint of SMA strips improves the mechanical properties and inhibits the brittle failure. Based on the correlation between AE characteristic parameters and stress–time curves, the internal failure of confined specimens is classified into three stages: micro-crack initiation, crack stable development and macroscopic crack formation. The rise angle value grows and average frequency value reduces as the damage progresses, manifesting that the shear crack is in the stable propagation stage. The b-value generally diminishes as the load rises, illustrating that the cracking level inside the specimen is continuously increasing. Moreover, compared with the PC40-50-40 specimen, the AC40-50-40 specimen generates highly active AE signals. The distribution of AE damage events indicates that active constraint significantly accelerates the initiation and propagation of cracks in concrete columns during compression loading.
Cosmic muon flux attenuation methods for superconducting qubit experiments
Authors: Bertoldo Elia , Pérez Sánchez Victor , Martínez Maria , Martínez Manel , Khalife Hawraa , Forn-Díaz Pol 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We propose and demonstrate two practical mitigation methods to attenuate the cosmic muon flux, compatible with experiments involving superconducting qubits: shallow underground sites and device orientation. Using a specifically-built cosmic muon detector, we identify underground sites, widely present in urban environments, where significant attenuation of cosmic muon flux, up to a factor 35 for 100 m depths, can be attained. Furthermore, we employ two germanium wafers in an above-ground laboratory, each equipped with a particle sensor, to show how the orientation of a chip with respect to the sky affects the amount and type of energy deposited on the substrate by ionizing radiation. We observe that the horizontal detector sees more counts at lower energy, while the vertical one is impacted by more particles at higher energy. The methods here described proposed ways to directly understand and reduce the effects of cosmic rays on qubits by attenuating the source of this type of decoherence, complementing existing on-chip mitigation strategies. We expect that both on-chip and off-chip methods combined will become ubiquitous in quantum technologies based on superconducting qubit circuits.
An entanglement-encrypted quantum teleportation
Authors: Wu Yingqi , Jin Yuanfeng , Lyu Gang , Liu Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, a detailed analysis of basic quantum teleportation under standard basis measurement is presented, and a novel method for quantum teleportation is proposed. This method utilizes a physical channel, eliminating the need for direct information transmission. Additionally, a new quantum teleportation protocol is introduced by integrating this approach with existing teleportation techniques. The proposed protocol not only improves the security of quantum teleportation but also mitigates the effects of noise and decoherence.
Diamagnetic energy measurements and evaluation of poloidal beta and internal inductance during the first operational phase at JT-60SA
Authors: Inoue S. , Oyama N. , Takechi M. , Tsuji-Iio S. , Ohtani Y. , Sano R. , Kojima S. , Miyata Y. , Yamazaki H. , Koabashi T. , Wakatsuki T. , Urano H. , Yoshida M. , Suzuki T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper reports on the evaluation of the diamagnetic energy using diamagnetic loops in JT-60SA, the largest operating tokamak in the world, and revisits the physics behind the evaluation of poloidal beta (

β

p

) and internal inductance (

l

i

). During the first operation phase of JT-60SA, diamagnetic measurements were utilized in assessing parameters related to plasma equilibrium, such as stored energy,

β

p

, and

l

i

. The evaluated stored energy is above 200 kJ with 1 MJ electron cyclotron heating, and we observed the

l

i

rise from around unity to above 2 during the plasma current ramp-down phase. The diamagnetic measurements successfully operated throughout the discharge duration, which is above 10 s, with low measurement errors. The correction of the error arising from the interaction between diamagnetic measurements and superconducting coils, as well as the detailed estimation of these errors, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the physics behind the rise in

l

i

is revealed by using both the JT-60SA experiment and numerical simulations.
Modeling resistive-inductive evolution of currents in Wendelstein 7-X
Authors: van Ham L. , Lazerson S.A. , Schmitt J.C. , Lee B.F. , Beurskens M. , Brunner K.J. , Chaudhary N. , Fuchert G. , Geiger J. , Hirsch M. , Knauer J. , Langenberg A. , Oosterbeek J.W. , Pablant N. , Pasch E. , Rahbarnia K. , Weir G. ,   the W7-X Team
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research investigates the temporal evolution of the toroidal plasma current in the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator under different heating, fueling, and current drive scenarios. The THRIFT code has been modernized and its predictions of the evolution of the toroidal current have been compared against experimentally measured currents in W7-X. Good agreement is found with respect to the characteristic timescale between experimentally measured and simulated toroidal currents. The total bootstrap current is under-predicted owing to the applicability of the BOOTSJ model for the plasma collisionalities in question. Edge plasma resistivity is found to play an important role in the asymptotic behavior of the evolution of the current, indicating a possible limitation of the minimum plasma temperature when applying this model. Simulations of ECCD and heating power steps show THRIFT is capable of capturing the dynamical evolution of the current in response to changes in current sources. Future uses of THRIFT include validating and benchmarking other non-inductive current models.
Nash equilibrium analysis of a game-theoretical cholera epidemic model
Authors: Yang Junyuan , Bai Yiqian , Jin Zhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cholera is an acute intestinal infection, its spread and brings lots of healthcare burden worldwide. Vaccination and access to clean water are two effective control measures to curtail its spread. This paper analyzes a game-theoretical model of cholera dynamics, focusing on two strategies: vaccination and clean water usage. We examine how individuals choose to implement these two measures in pursuit of personal benefit maximization, as determined by income function. The study identifies the individual’s optimal strategy when only one measure is employed. When both strategies are available, individuals can prioritize one or both based on the relative costs of these measures. Our findings indicate that relying on a single strategy does not eliminate the disease. However, each strategy can be implemented to effectively sustain the disease at a low prevalence level.
Interplay of quantum and thermal fluctuations in two-dimensional randomly pinned charge density waves
Authors: O’Brien Matthew C , Fradkin Eduardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The interplay between quantum and thermal fluctuations in the presence of quenched random disorder is a long-standing open theoretical problem which has been made more urgent by advances in modern experimental techniques. The fragility of charge density wave order to impurities makes this problem of particular interest in understanding a host of real materials, including the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. To address this question, we consider the quantum version of an exactly solvable classical model of two-dimensional randomly pinned incommensurate charge density waves first introduced by us in a recent work, and use the large-N technique to obtain the phase diagram and order parameter correlations. Our theory considers quantum and thermal fluctuations and disorder on equal footing by accounting for all effects non-perturbatively, which reveals a novel crossover between under-damped and over-damped dynamics of the fluctuations of the charge density wave order parameter.