bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
circUBE3C modulates myoblast development by binding to miR‐191 and upregulating the expression of p27
Authors: Yang Haiyan , Yue Binglin , Yang Shuling , Qi Ao , Yang Yu , Tang Jia , Ren Gang , Jiang Xiaojun , Lan Xianyong , Pan Chuanying , Chen Hong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNoncoding RNAs, including miRNAs (microRNAs) and circRNAs (circular RNA), are crucial regulators of myoblast proliferation and differentiation during muscle development. However, the specific roles and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in muscle development remain poorly understood. Based on the existing circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA network, our study focuses on circUBE3C, exploring its differential expression in fetal and adult muscle tissue of the cattle and investigating its impact on myoblast proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. The functional analysis of overexpression plasmids and siRNAs (small interfering RNAs) targeting circUBE3C was comprehensively evaluated by employing an array of advanced assays, encompassing CCK‐8 (cell counting kit‐8), EdU (5‐ethynyl‐20‐deoxyuridine), flow cytometry, western blot analysis, and RT‐qPCR. In vivo investigations indicated that overexpression of circUBE3C impedes the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circUBE3C interacts with miR‐191 and alleviates the suppression of p27 through cytoplasmic separation, bioinformatics prediction, dual‐luciferase reporter assay, and RIP (RNA immunoprecipitation). Our findings indicate that the novel circRNA circUBE3C competitively binds to miR‐191, thereby inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis in bovine primary myoblasts and unveiling a regulatory pathway in bovine skeletal muscle development. These findings expand our understanding of circRNA functions in mammals and provide a basis for further exploration of their role in myogenesis and muscle diseases.
Transferrin receptor 2 mitigates periodontitis‐driven alveolar bone loss
Authors: Lösser Lennart , Ledesma‐Colunga Maria G. , Andrés Sastre Enrique , Scholtysek Carina , Hofbauer Lorenz C. , Noack Barbara , Baschant Ulrike , Rauner Martina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPeriodontitis is associated with significant alveolar bone loss. Patients with iron overload suffer more frequently from periodontitis, however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we investigated the role of transferrin receptor 2 (Tfr2), one of the main regulators of iron homeostasis, in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and the dental phenotype under basal conditions in mice. As Tfr2 suppresses osteoclastogenesis, we hypothesized that deficiency of Tfr2 may exacerbate periodontitis‐induced bone loss. Mice lacking Tfr2 (Tfr2−/−) and wild‐type (Tfr2+/+) littermates were challenged with experimental periodontitis. Mandibles and maxillae were collected for microcomputed tomography and histology analyses. Osteoclast cultures from Tfr2+/+ and Tfr2−/− mice were established and analyzed for differentiation efficiency, by performing messenger RNA expression and protein signaling pathways. After 8 days, Tfr2‐deficient mice revealed a more severe course of periodontitis paralleled by higher immune cell infiltration and a higher histological inflammation index than Tfr2+/+ mice. Moreover, Tfr2‐deficient mice lost more alveolar bone compared to Tfr2+/+ littermates, an effect that was only partially iron‐dependent. Histological analysis revealed a higher number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of Tfr2‐deficient mice. In line, Tfr2‐deficient osteoclastic differentiation ex vivo was faster and more efficient as reflected by a higher number of osteoclasts, a higher expression of osteoclast markers, and an increased resorptive activity. Mechanistically, Tfr2‐deficient osteoclasts showed a higher p38‐MAPK signaling and inhibition of p38‐MAPK signaling in Tfr2‐deficient cells reverted osteoclast formation to Tfr2+/+ levels. Taken together, our data indicate that Tfr2 modulates the inflammatory response in periodontitis thereby mitigating effects on alveolar bone loss.
Sex‐specific effects of immune challenges on green anole lizard metabolism
Authors: Duerwachter Margaret A. , Lewis Erin L. , French Susannah S. , Husak Jerry F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImmune responses can increase survival, but they can also incur a variety of costs that may lead to phenotypic trade‐offs. The nature of trade‐offs between immune activity and other components of the phenotype can vary and depend on the type and magnitude of immune challenge, as well as the energetic costs of simultaneously expressing other traits. There may also be sex‐specific differences in both immune activity and trade‐offs, particularly with regard to energy expenditure that might differ between males and females during the breeding season. Females are generally expected to invest less in nonspecific immune responses compared to males due to differences in the allocation of resources to reproduction, which may lead to sex differences in the metabolic costs of immunity. We tested for sex‐specific differences in metabolic costs of different types of immune challenges in Anolis carolinensis lizards, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection and wounding. We also tested for differences in immune prioritization by measuring bacterial killing ability (BKA). We predicted males would show a greater increase in metabolism after immune challenges, with combined immune challenges eliciting the greatest response. Furthermore, we predicted that metabolic costs would result in decreased BKA. LPS injection increased the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of males but not females. Wounding did not affect RMR of either sex. However, there was an inverse relationship between BKA and wound healing in LPS‐injected lizards, suggesting dynamic tradeoffs among metabolism and components of the immune system.
Lack of standardization and faculty development in pediatric colonoscopy: A qualitative study
Authors: Turner Amy , Huth Kathleen , Luff Donna , Zendejas Benjamin , Newman Lori R. , Leichtner Alan M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA standard curriculum for pediatric colonoscopy training has neither been required nor universally implemented in North American fellowship programs. This qualitative study assessed the needs of colonoscopy training in pediatric gastroenterology to determine the standardized components of procedural teaching. Focus groups with pediatric gastroenterology attendings, fellows, procedural nurses, and interviews with advanced endoscopists, all practicing at a single institution, were conducted between March and June 2018. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis principles. Four themes emerged: (1) lack of standardization of colonoscopy performance, (2) lack of professional development of procedure teaching skills, (3) need for teaching behaviors that promote learner's performance, and (4) barriers to effective teaching and learning. A conceptual framework was created for developing a standardized “train‐the‐trainer” curriculum. Our needs assessment supports expansion of efforts to make this comprehensive training available to all pediatric gastroenterologists involved in procedure teaching.
Hydroxyl‐rich ferrofluid for efficient liquid phase microextraction of cinnamic acid derivatives in traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Wang Runqin , Zhang Xueling , Meng Xiangyu , Yang Li , Xing Rongrong , Chen Xuan , Hu Shuang 
Published: January 2024

In this study, a hydroxyl‐rich ferrofluid was prepared by dispersing silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles into a methyltrioctylammonium chloride‐glycerol deep eutectic solvent and then employed in the preconcentration of trace‐level of cinnamic acid derivatives (caffeic acid, p‐hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid) in traditional Chinese medicine prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. The structures of the synthesized materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The experimental parameters affecting the extraction performance, such as deep eutectic solvent composition, dosage of ferrofluid, pH of aqueous sample solution, salt concentration, extraction time, type, and volume of desorption solvent, were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors of four cinnamic acid derivatives were in the range of 107–114. Low detection limits (0.2–0.9 ng/mL), good precisions (relative standard deviations 1.2%–9.5%), and satisfactory recoveries (96.0%–104.7%) were achieved. Subsequently, the possible microextraction mechanism of the proposed method was explored and elucidated. It showed that the prepared ferrofluid is easily dispersed in the aqueous sample and achieved recovery after the extraction. The developed approach is a simple, convenient, and efficient method for preconcentration and determination of cinnamic acid derivatives in complex matrices.
Transtracheal Pressure for Evaluation of Decannulation Readiness
Authors: Young Ashley , Walsh Katie , Ida Jonathan , Thompson Dana M. , Hazkani Inbal 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPediatric tracheostomy decannulation protocols vary among institutions and may include toleration of Passy Muir Valve (PMV), microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (MLB) findings, and polysomnography evaluation. Transtracheal pressure (TTP) is an objective measurement utilized to evaluate PMV toleration. We aimed to investigate the role of TTP in decannulation candidates and compare TTP measurements with polysomnography and MLB findings.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of children who underwent TTP measurement during PMV trial between December 2012 and November 2022.ResultsA total of 79 patients underwent TTP measurement and MLB evaluation; of these, 16 (20.3%) patients had a capped polysomnography. Twenty‐eight (35.4%) patients had TTPs ≤10 cm H2O, and 51 (64.6%) patients had TTPs >10 cm H2O. The most common indication for tracheostomy was upper airway obstruction (n = 41, 51.9%), followed by a need for mechanical ventilation (n = 24, 30.4%). Twenty‐five (31.6%) patients were decannulated. Patients with TTPs ≤10 cm H2O had a mean Apnea‐Hypopnea Index of 0.17 ± 0.26/h compared with 6.93 ± 7.67/h in those with TTPs >10 cm H2O, p = 0.0365. Patients with TTPs >10 cm H2O were found to have a significantly higher occurrence of airway obstruction (96.1% vs. 46.4%, p < 0.0001) and multilevel airway obstruction (70.6% vs. 21.4%, p < 0.0001) on MLB. Neither TTP measured at time of PMV assessment nor capped polysomnography was associated with successful decannulation.ConclusionsTTP measurements at time of PMV evaluation are associated with polysomnography and MLB findings. One‐time PMV measurements were not indicative of decannulation success.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:3377–3383, 2024
Drivers of rising monthly water temperature in river estuaries
Authors: Itsukushima Rei , Ohtsuki Kazuaki , Sato Tatsuro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRiver estuaries are habitats for a variety of organisms, including many temperature‐sensitive species; water temperatures in estuaries are affected by several factors as they are influenced by both terrestrial and marine environments. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence river estuaries are essential for environmental management. However, no information exists on temperature change at high temporal resolution and over a wide area; moreover, the relationship with environmental factors has not yet been clarified. Here, we have described the actual status of water temperature change in riverine estuaries and its relationship with environmental factors for a wide area of the Japanese archipelago. Our results indicated that 217 of 294 rivers showed a significant monthly increase in water temperature. The average annual change in rates of water temperature increase was the highest in October at 0.090°C yr−1 and lowest in February at 0.068°C yr−1. Furthermore, snowfall, air temperature increase, sea water temperature, and land use were identified as factors increasing the rate of water temperature increase. Factors influencing the increase in river estuarine water temperature varied from month to month—with meteorological factors being the strongest influencers from spring to fall, and anthropogenic factors in winter. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering not only meteorological and oceanographic phenomena, but also anthropogenic influences and topographic features to understand the pattern of water temperature changes in river estuaries.
Global integrability for solutions to quasilinear elliptic systems with degenerate coercivity
Authors: Li Ya , Liu Gaoyang , Gao Hongya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with global integrability for solutions to quasilinear elliptic systems involving equations of the form
where is an open bounded subset of , , , . Under degenerate coercivity condition of the diagonal coefficients and proportional condition of the off‐diagonal coefficients, we obtain some global integrability results.
Age, growth, and mortality of King Mackerel in the western Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Banks Kesley G. , Streich Matthew K. , Stunz Gregory W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objective
Temporal and spatial variation in growth can have significant implications for the assessment and management of exploited populations. Therefore, the age and growth of King Mackerel Scomberomorus cavalla were estimated for the western Gulf of Mexico, where there are large gaps in the available data.

Methods
A total of 727 sagittal otoliths from 411 females, 248 males, and 68 individuals of unknown sex were collected from headboats, private recreational anglers, tournaments, and fishery-independent sampling and aged.

Result
Ages ranged from 0 to 17 years with lengths ranging from 13 to 147 cm fork length. The distribution of lengths and ages differed marginally for fishing sector (i.e., tournament vs. headboat vs. private). The fish that were collected from tournaments were larger than those collected from headboats and private anglers. The distribution of lengths and ages did vary by sex, with females obtaining larger sizes than males. However, there was no difference in mean age by sex. Using the multimodel approach, the Richards model improved the fit for both the youngest and oldest fish in the sample relative to the other growth models that were evaluated. Sex-specific differences in the Richards model were detected, with females growing larger than males but more slowly. Although peak catch was observed at age 5, King Mackerel were not fully recruited to the recreational fishery until age 6. The Chapman-Robson Peak Plus estimate of Z was 0.37.

Conclusion
These data provide a contemporary snapshot of size structure, age, growth, and mortality for King Mackerel from an undersampled region of the Gulf of Mexico and highlight several key considerations for upcoming stock assessments.
Unveiling the impact of tertiary lymphoid structures on immunotherapeutic responses of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Wenhao , Lu Jiahe , Tian Xi , Ye Shiqi , Wei Shiyin , Wang Jun , Anwaier Aihetaimujiang , Qu Yuanyuan , Liu Wangrui , Chang Kun , Zhang Hailiang , Ye Dingwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized aggregates of immune cells that form under pathological conditions. However, the predictive value of TLS in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) for immunotherapies remains unclear. We comprehensively assessed the implications for prognosis and immunological responses of the TLS spatial and maturation heterogeneity in 655 ccRCC patients. A higher proportion of early‐TLS was found in peritumoral TLS, while intratumoral TLS mainly comprised secondary follicle‐like TLS (SFL‐TLS), indicating markedly better survival. Notably, presence of TLS, especially intratumoral TLS and SFL‐TLS, significantly correlated with better survival and objective reflection rate for ccRCC patients receiving anti‐Programmed Cell Death Protein‐1 (PD‐1)/Programmed Cell Death‐Ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) immunotherapies. In peritumoral TLS cluster, primary follicle‐like TLS, the proportion of tumor‐associated macrophages, and Treg infiltration in the peritumoral regions increased prominently, suggesting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, spatial transcriptome annotation and multispectral fluorescence showed that an abundance of mature plasma cells within mature TLS has the capacity to produce IgA and IgG, which demonstrate significantly higher objective response rates and a superior prognosis for ccRCC patients subjected to immunotherapy. In conclusion, this study revealed the implications of TLS spatial and maturation heterogeneity on the immunological status and clinical responses, allowing the improvement of precise immunotherapies of ccRCC.
Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Tomato Consumption Alters Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolism and Induces Steroidal Alkaloid Metabolite Accumulation in Mice
Authors: Dzakovich Michael P. , Goggans Mallory L. , Thomas‐Ahner Jennifer M. , Moran Nancy E. , Clinton Steven K. , Francis David M. , Cooperstone Jessica L. 
Published: January 2024

ScopeTomato consumption is associated with many health benefits including lowered risk for developing certain cancers. It is hypothesized that tomato phytochemicals are transported to the liver and other tissues where they alter gene expression in ways that lead to favorable health outcomes. However, the effects of tomato consumption on mammalian liver gene expression and chemical profile are not well defined.Methods and resultsThe study hypothesizes that tomato consumption would alter mouse liver transcriptomes and metabolomes compared to a control diet. C57BL/6J mice (n = 11–12/group) are fed a macronutrient matched diet containing either 10% red tomato, 10% tangerine tomato, or no tomato powder for 6 weeks after weaning. RNA‐Seq followed by gene set enrichment analyses indicates that tomato type and consumption, in general, altered expression of phase I and II xenobiotic metabolism genes. Untargeted metabolomics experiments reveal distinct clustering between control and tomato fed animals. Nineteen molecular formulas (representing 75 chemical features) are identified or tentatively identified as steroidal alkaloids and isomers of their phase I and II metabolites; many of which are reported for the first time in mammals.ConclusionThese data together suggest tomato consumption may impart benefits partly through enhancing detoxification potential.
Designing an omnidirectional horizontally polarized circular patch antenna implementing unequal open‐circuited stubs
Authors: Santra Golak , Patel Piyush N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA novel method of designing an omnidirectional horizontally polarized (OHP) patch antenna with omnidirectionality in the H‐plane is proposed in this letter. The three pairs of unequal arch slots with three open radial slots are etched on the ground, which is equivalent to three pairs of open‐circuited unequal stubs that excite the TM1.5,1patch mode and produce two resonance frequencies with circulating in‐phase current on the patch and the ground. Additionally, three pairs of open‐circuited unequal stubs are generated to enhance bandwidth and generate extra resonance frequencies by sequentially printing unequal arch and open radial slots on the top patch. The proposed antenna's 10 dB impedance bandwidth, including all resonance frequencies of TM1.5,1patch mode, is 10.20%, covering the 2.326–2.576 GHz Wi‐Fi band. The patch and ground diameter are 0.31λ0and 0.387λ0, respectively, with a real gain of 1.84–1.98 dBi over the operating band, and a gain variation is within 1.3 dB in the H‐plane at two measured resonance frequencies.
Four‐port MIMO Vivaldi antenna for access points
Authors: Lilian Redonda‐Cuadra , José Tirado‐Mendez , Hildeberto Jardón‐Aguilar , Ruben Flores‐Leal , Arturo Rangel‐Merino , Jaime Abarca Reyna , Alberto Vasques‐Toledo Luis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this article, a 4‐port multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) antenna array is presented, based on a Vivaldi design for nonplanar applications like access points above 6 GHz. The antenna is configured with four Vivaldi antennas arranged orthogonally, one to each other, to increase the electromagnetic isolation among elements. The Vivaldi element is fed with a microstrip with an integrated balun in only one arm, and each arm is set in an antipodal position to the other, giving an easy‐to‐design and build prototype, with no complicated feeding techniques. Each antenna plane has dimensions of 90 × 40 mm2. The array presents a bandwidth from 5.3 GHz to beyond 20 GHz, with electromagnetic isolation above 20 dB, an envelope correlation coefficient below 0.001 for the entire bandwidth, giving a diversity gain around 20 dB, and a total active reflection coefficient below −10 dB from 7 to 20 dB, fulfilling the metrics for MIMO applications.
Nuclear astrophysicists at war
Authors: Wiescher Michael , Langanke Karlheinz 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe question of energy production in stars stimulated an entire generation of young physicists in the 1930s who came to work in this field exploring the fundamentals of quantum and nuclear physics. Their experience and methodologies were essential to the Manhattan Project, facilitating the rapid development of the atomic bomb. The experience and knowledge gained from the Manhattan Project then flowed back to nuclear astrophysics after the war and led to its further development. This paper is motivated by the question that was raised in the film Oppenheimer, which asks whether “a bomb can set the atmosphere on fire?”. Seeking an answer requires a close intellectual exchange between the physics of the atomic bomb and the physics of stellar burning; this exchange is the topic of this paper.
Nostalgia for the old country—A histological exploration of early childhood physiological stress experiences in colonial Otago, New Zealand
Authors: Kavale‐Henderson Lucy A. , Buckley Hallie R. , King Charlotte L. , Petchey Peter , Snoddy Anne Marie E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMany mid‐19th‐century immigrants to New Zealand are presumed to have been in pursuit of a “better life” than was achievable in their origin countries. Here, we utilize histological analyses of internal indicators of enamel growth disruption (accentuated lines [ALs]) in 19 European and Chinese immigrants and five colony‐born children from three 19th‐century Otago sites. Observations of regular enamel microstructure were used to estimate a chronology of periods of enamel growth disruption. Clear or potential ALs were present in 18/19 (95%) adults and 4/5 (80%) subadults. Mean occurrence of ALs was higher in Chinese individuals than in European individuals between birth and 1 year of age (Chinese mean = 11; European mean = 3.8) and between 3 and 5 years of age (Chinese mean = 12.7; European mean = 1.3). Potential prenatal ALs were observed in three colony‐born children. Although similar stressors such as malnutrition and infectious disease would have been present in both Europe and China, their expression in these individuals may reflect the embodiment of different push factors that stimulated emigration to New World colonies such as New Zealand. The presence of ALs in colony‐born children indicates some continuation of developmental stressors in New Zealand. The results presented here highlight the value of utilizing microscopic analyses on poorly preserved archeological samples that are frequently excluded from histological examination. This preliminary glimpse into enamel formation disruption challenges the ubiquitous 19th‐century narrative of New Zealand as free from the hardships of industrial revolution era Europe and sheds light on the stresses of childhoods spent in rural China and the potential attractions of the Pacific goldfields in comparison. Future work with larger sample sizes will contribute to a critical exploration of experiences of childhood physiological stress in those who lived and died in colonial New Zealand.