bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E‐cadherin‐dependent adhesion of dendritic and Langerhans cells to keratinocytes is defective in cervical human papillomavirus‐associated (pre)neoplastic lesions
Authors: Hubert Pascale , Caberg Jean‐Hubert , Gilles Christine , Bousarghin Latifa , Franzen‐Detrooz Elizabeth , Boniver Jacques , Delvenne Philippe 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAlthough human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is detected in the majority of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the uterine cervix, the persistence and progression of cervical lesions suggest that viral antigens are not adequately presented to the immune system. This hypothesis is reinforced by the observation that most SILs show quantitative and functional alterations of Langerhans cells (LCs). The aim of this study was to determine whether modulation of E‐cadherin‐mediated homophilic and heterotypic interactions between keratinocytes and LCs is involved in these abnormalities of LCs in (pre)neoplastic cervical epithelium. Cell membrane expression of E‐cadherin and the density of CD1a+ LCs were low in the epithelium of SILs and SCC biopsy specimens, compared with normal exocervical epithelium. Dendritic cells (DCs) and LCs generated in vitro were randomly distributed throughout the full thickness of organotypic cultures of E‐cadherin− HPV‐transformed cells. In contrast, these cells rapidly adhered to the keratinocyte cell layers when HPV‐transformed cells transfected with E‐cadherin were used. These data suggest that the E‐cadherin‐mediated contact between keratinocytes and LCs is potentially important for initiating or maintaining the immune response during chronic HPV infection. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bulk atom transfer radical polymerization of allyl methacrylate
Authors: París Rodrigo , de la Fuente José Luis 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA detailed investigation of the polymerization of allyl methacrylate, a typical unsymmetrical divinyl compound containing two types of vinyl groups, methacryloyl and allyl, with quite different reactivities, was performed with atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Homopolymerizations were carried out in bulk, with ethyl‐2‐bromoisobutyrate as the initiator and with copper halide (CuX, where X is Cl or Br) with N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine as the catalyst system. Kinetic studies demonstrated that during the early stages of the polymerization, the ATRP process proceeded in a living manner with a low and constant radical concentration. However, as the reaction continued, the increased diffusion resistance restricted the mobility of the catalyst system and interrupted the equilibrium between the growing radicals and dormant species. The obtained poly(allyl methacrylate)s (PAMAs) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, and size exclusion chromatography techniques. The dependence of both the gel point conversion and molecular characteristics of the PAMA prepolymers on different experimental parameters, such as the initiator concentration, polymerization temperature, and type of halide used as the catalyst, was analyzed. These real gel points were compared with the ones calculated according to Gordon's equation under the tentative assumption of equal reactivity for the two types of vinyl groups. Moreover, the microstructure of the prepolymers was the same as that exhibited by those homopolymers prepared by conventional free‐radical polymerization; the fraction of syndiotactic arrangements increased as the reaction temperature was lowered. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2395–2406, 2005
Electropolymerization of phenylacetylene in acetonitrile
Authors: García‐Cañadas J. , Rodríguez J. G. , Lafuente A. , Marcos M. L. , Velasco J. González 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe electrooxidation of phenylacetylene (PA) in acetonitrile (0.1 M in LiClO4) produced poly(phenylacetylene). The product was isolated, purified, and characterized. Spectroscopic data showed the trans structure of the polymer. A radical reaction mechanism was proposed in which the oxidation of PA led to the formation of a PA radical in solution, which initiated a radical polymerization. The theoretical treatment for the radical mechanism yielded a reaction rate equation identical to the experimental one. The average molar mass was determined by gel permeation chromatography to be approximately 3100. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2407–2416, 2005
Synthesis and properties of photocurable biodegradable multiblock copolymers based on poly(ε‐caprolactone) and poly(L‐lactide) segments
Authors: Nagata Minoru , Sato Yuki 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPhotocurable biodegradable multiblock copolymers were synthesized from poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) diol and poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) diol with 4,4′‐(adipoyldioxy)dicinnamic acid (CAC) dichloride as a chain extender derived from adipoyl chloride and 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, and they were characterized with Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile tests. The copolymers were irradiated with a 400‐W high‐pressure mercury lamp from 30 min to 3 h to form a network structure in the absence of photoinitiators. The gel concentration increased with time, and a concentration of approximately 90% was obtained in 90–180 min for all the films. The photocuring hardly affected the crystallinity and melting temperature of the PCL segments but reduced the crystallinity of the PLLA segments. The mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength, modulus, and elongation, were significantly affected by the copolymer compositions and gel concentrations. Shape‐memory properties were determined with cyclic thermomechanical experiments. The CAC/PCL and CAC/PCL/PLLA (75/25) films photocured for 30–120 min showed good shape‐memory properties with strain fixity rates and recovery rates of approximately 100%. The formation of the network structure and the crystallization and melting of the PCL segments played very important roles for the typical shape‐memory properties. Finally, the degradation characteristics of these copolymers were investigated in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C with proteinase‐k and Pseudomonas cepacia lipase. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2426–2439, 2005
Nucleophilic cosubstitution of poly(dichlorophosphazene) with alkyl ether and amino acid ester
Authors: Zhang Teng , Cai Qing , Wu Zhan Peng , Li Cheng Qiang , Jin Ri Guang 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe nucleophilic substitution reaction of poly(dichlorophosphazene) with sodium 2‐methoxyethoxide and glycine ethyl ester has been studied in detail. Polymers prepared with different methods have been characterized by 1H NMR, and the results reveal that the addition sequence of the two nucleophilic reagents is an important factor in determining the structure of the resultant polymer. If alkyl ether is added first, the subsequently introduced amino acid ester not only reacts with residual PCl but also attacks the alkyl ether side units present by replacing either the whole group or just OCH3. As a result, a new kind of side group (OCH2CH2NHCH2COOC2H5) can be detected in the macromolecule. To obtain polymers with desired compositions {poly[(methoxyethoxy)x(ethylglycino)yphosphazene]}, the amino acid ester should be introduced initially to react with poly(dichlorophosphazene), and it should be followed by the alkyl ether. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2417–2425, 2005
Perfluoro(methylcyclohexane) plasma polymer thin film: Growth, surface morphology, and properties investigated by scanning thermal microscopy
Authors: Dutta N. K. , Tran N. D. , Choudhury N. R. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractScanning thermal microscopy (SThM) has been used for the visualization and characterization of an ultrathin plasma polymer film of perfluoro(methylcyclohexane) at a submicrometer level. The morphology, molecular dynamics, and lateral homogeneity of the ultrathin film have all been examined precisely with SThM. The growth of the plasma polymer film on a silicon wafer (Si‐wafer) has also been precisely determined using a new burning‐hole technique. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 1392–1400, 2005
Quality of life of husbands of women with breast cancer
Authors: Wagner Christina D. , Bigatti Silvia M. , Storniolo Anna Maria 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe life‐threatening nature of breast cancer, along with the side effects of treatment, place great strain on patients and their families. Husbands may be especially vulnerable as the main source of support to patients. The present study compared the quality of life (QOL) of husbands of patients with breast cancer (HBC; n=79) to spouses of healthy wives (n=79). Additionally, associations between QOL and caregiver burden, social support, and coping were examined. HBC scored lower on general health, vitality, role‐emotional, and mental health subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) SF‐36 than comparison group participants. No differences were found between groups on the physical functioning, role‐physical, bodily pain, or social functioning subscales. Higher QOL in HBC was associated with less caregiver burden as evidenced by lower burden on the Illness Impact Form, lower use of emotion‐focused coping on the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, and higher social support on the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List. Wife illness characteristics such as stage of disease and time since diagnosis were not related to QOL in husbands. These findings illuminate the need to support HBC, whose QOL suffers during the breast cancer experience. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced sampling near the native conformation using statistical potentials for local side‐chain and backbone interactions
Authors: Fang Qiaojun , Shortle David 
Published: April 2005

AbstractIn the preceding article in this issue of Proteins, an empirical energy function consisting of 4 statistical potentials that quantify local side‐chain–backbone and side‐chain–side‐chain interactions has been demonstrated to successfully identify the native conformations of short sequence fragments and the native structure within large sets of high‐quality decoys. Because this energy function consists entirely of interactions between residues separated by fewer than 5 positions, it can be used at the earliest stage of ab initio structure prediction to enhance the efficiency of conformational search. In this article, protein fragments are generated de novo by recombining very short segments of protein structures (2, 4, or 6 residues), either selected at random or optimized with respect this local energy function. When local energy is optimized in selected fragments, more efficient sampling of conformational space near the native conformation is consistently observed for 450 randomly selected single turn fragments, with turn lengths varying from 3 to 12 residues and all 4 combinations of flanking secondary structure. These results further demonstrate the energetic significance of local interactions in protein conformations. When used in combination with longer range energy functions, application of these potentials should lead to more accurate prediction of protein structure. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystal packing effects on protein loops
Authors: Rapp Chaya S. , Pollack Rena M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe effects of crystal packing on protein loop structures are examined by (1) a comparison of loops in proteins that have been crystallized in alternate packing arrangements, and (2) theoretical prediction of loops both with and without the inclusion of the crystal environment. Results show that in a minority of cases, loop geometries are dependent on crystal packing effects. Explicit representation of the crystal environment in a loop prediction algorithm can be used to model these effects and to reconstruct the structures, and relative energies, of a loop in alternative packing environments. By comparing prediction results with and without the inclusion of the crystal environment, the loop prediction algorithm can further be used to identify cases in which a crystal structure does not represent the most stable state of a loop in solution. We anticipate that this capability has implications for structural biology. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THz‐emitter based on ballistic transport in nano‐pin diodes
Authors: Renner F. , Eckardt M. , Schwanhäußer A. , Klar O. , Malzer S. , Döhler G. H. , Loata G. , Löffler T. , Roskos H. , Hanson M. , Driscoll D. , Gossard A. C. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractConventional semiconductor‐based photomixers are limited by the carrier transit‐time‐roll‐off and the RC‐roll‐off of the device‐capacitance. We have developed a THz‐photomixer which can overcome both limitations and proves far superior to a conventional pin‐photomixer. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth of highly curved Al1–xInxN nanocrystals
Authors: Radnóczi György Z. , Seppänen Timo , Pécz Béla , Hultman Lars , Birch Jens 
Published: April 2005

AbstractA materials structure is reported that is characterized by high lattice curvature assigned to a compositional gradient. The phenomenon occurs for physical vapour deposition of Al1–xInxN epitaxial thin films with directional fluxes of Al and In at kinetically limited growth conditions. According to our growth model unit cells are incorporated on the growth surfaces of emerging whiskers (nanowires) with a continuously varying lattice parameter depending on their position with respect to Al‐ and In‐rich sides of the whisker. Such curved crystals are effectively quenched solid solutions. We present a description of this generic, self‐assembled curved crystal structure and its implications. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
In Vitro culture studies of FlorEssence® on human tumor cell lines
Authors: Tai Joseph , Cheung Susan 
Published: April 2005

AbstractFlorEssence® (FE) is an herbal tea widely used by patients to treat chronic conditions in North America, particularly cancer patients during chemo‐ and radiation therapy. Although individual components of FE have antioxidant, antiestrogenic, immunostimulant and antitumor properties, in vitro evidence of anticancer activity for the herbal tea itself is still lacking. We studied the antiproliferative effect of FE on MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐468 human breast cancer, and Jurkat and K562 leukemia cell lines. We found that FE significantly inhibited the proliferation of both breast and leukemia cells in vitro only at high concentrations, with 50% inhibition of MDA‐MB‐468 cells at about 1[sol ]20 dilution, Jurkat cells at about 1[sol ]10 dilution and MCF7 and K562 cells at less than 1[sol ]10 dilution. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with a high concentration of FE induced G2[sol ]M arrest in MCF7 and Jurkat cells, with also an increased SubG0[sol ]G1 fraction in MCF7 cells. MDA‐MB‐468 cells showed a significantly increased Sub G0[sol ]G1 fraction after treatment with 1[sol ]10 dilution of FE while the cell cycle of K562 was unaffected. When MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐468 breast cancer cells were treated with a combination of FE with either paclitaxel or cisplatin, results showed that only the combination of 1[sol ]20 dilution of FE with 0.5 µM cisplatin resulted in a small but significantly higher MCF7 cell survival than 0.5 µM cisplatin treatment alone. FE at 1[sol ]20 and 1[sol ]50 dilutions did not affect the antiproliferative properties of these two commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. The results suggest that FE at high concentrations show differential inhibitory effect on different human cancer cell lines. Further studies are needed to assess the biological activities of FE. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipoxygenase inhibitors from natural plant sources. Part 1: Medicinal plants with inhibitory activity on arachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase and 5‐lipoxygenase[sol ]cyclooxygenase
Authors: Schneider Isabella , Bucar Franz 
Published: April 2005

AbstractArachidonate 5‐lipoxygenase is the key enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis and catalyses the initial steps in the conversion of arachidonic acid to biologically active leukotrienes. Leukotrienes are considered as potent mediators of inflammatory and allergic reactions and regarding their pro‐inflammatory properties the inhibition of 5‐lipoxygenase pathway is considered to be interesting in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Besides 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitors, drugs able to block the 5‐lipoxygenase as well as the cyclooxygenase metabolic pathway are also of therapeutic value. A potential source for new 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitors is undoubtedly provided by the abundance of medicinal plants used in traditional medicine. The present review article reports the results from a comprehensive literature search of plants that have been tested for 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitory activity over the past 15 years. The obtained information is summarized in a tabular format and promising plant species and chemical classes of compounds are presented. Relevant in vitro tests are also described in this article. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ipriflavone modulates IGF‐I but is unable to restore bone in rats
Authors: Deyhim Farzad , Smith Brenda J. , Soung Do Y. , Juma Shanil , Devareddy Latha , Arjmandi Bahram H. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractPreviously it has been reported that ipriflavone can prevent bone loss in ovarian hormone deficient rats. The present study evaluated whether ipriflavone was able to restore bone mass in osteopenic ovariectomized rats. Seventy‐two, 90 day‐old Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into six groups (sham two groups; ovariectomized four groups). Thirty‐five days from the date of surgery, one sham and one ovx group were killed to verify the occurrence of bone loss. The remaining four groups were sham, ovx, ovx + ipriflavone (100 mg[sol ]kg body weight per day), or ovx + 17β‐estradiol (10 µg[sol ]kg body weight daily) for a period of 65 days. Ipriflavone was ineffective in restoring bone density and unlike estrogen did not prevent bone resorption as evidenced by increased (p < 0.05) urinary excretion of hydroxyproline and serum tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase activity. Ipriflavone increased (p < 0.05) the expression of IGF‐I in the femur. These observations suggest that higher doses of ipriflavone or longer‐term studies may be necessary to restore bone mass. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anorectic and behavioural effects of chronic Cissampelos sympodialis treatment in female and male rats
Authors: Almeida R. N. , Melo‐Diniz M. F. F. , Medeiros I. A. , Quintans‐Júnior L. J. , Navarro D. S. , Falcão A. C. G. M. , Duarte J. C. , Barbosa‐Filho J. M. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractMale and female rats were treated daily for 13 weeks with an ethanol extract of Cissampelos sympodialis leaves (9, 45 and 225 mg[sol ]kg). The food consumption, body weight and behavioural effects in the open‐field test were evaluated by weekly monitoring. The results showed that the extract chronic treatment in female rats (45 and 225 mg[sol ]kg) reduced significantly the food intake and the body weight, and produced several alterations in the open‐field test. These findings indicate that repeated oral administration of the extract may produce a sex‐dependent difference in anoretic and behavioural effects. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypoglycaemic activity of Retama raetam in rats
Authors: Maghrani Mhamed , Michel Jean‐Baptiste , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: April 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the underlying mechanism of the hypoglycaemic activity of an aqueous extract perfusion of Retama raetam (RR) in normal and streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was administered intravenously and the blood glucose changes were determined within 4 h after starting the treatment. Plasma insulin concentrations and glycosuria were determined. The aqueous RR extract at a dose of 10 mg[sol ]kg[sol ]h produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in normal rats (p < 0.001) and an even more marked decrease in diabetic rats (p < 0.001). This hypoglycaemic effect might be due to an extra‐pancreatic action of the aqueous extract of RR, since the basal plasma insulin concentrations were unchanged after RR treatment. A potent increase of glycosuria was observed both in normal and diabetic rats (p < 0.001). It is concluded that an aqueous extract perfusion of RR caused a potent inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption. This renal effect is at least one mechanism to explain the observed hypoglycaemic activity of this plant in normal and diabetic rats. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radical scavenging activity of Alkanna tinctoria root extracts and their main constituents, hydroxynaphthoquinones
Authors: Assimopoulou A. N. , Papageorgiou V. P. 
Published: April 2005

AbstractAlkannin and shikonin (A[sol ]S) are pharmaceutical substances with a wide spectrum of biological properties. Radical scavenging activity is involved in aging processes, antiinßammatory, anticancer and wound healing activities. Hence, in the present study the DPPH radical scavenging activity of alkannin and shikonin, both monomeric and oligomeric, and extracts of Alkanna tinctoria roots were studied and a structure–activity relationship was approximated.It was shown that both monomeric and oligomeric alkannin and shikonin and also A[sol ]S esters exhibited extremely high radical scavenging activity. The presence of the naphthoquinone moiety seems to be essential for that activity, while the side chain of A[sol ]S possibly plays a minor role. Esterification of A[sol ]S on the side chain hydroxyl group does not affect radical scavenging activity. Organic solvents and olive oil (extracted at room temperature) extracts of Alkanna tinctoria roots, which contain as active ingredients A[sol ]S esters, exhibited very good antiradical activity.Alkannin and shikonin and their esters and also extracts of Alkanna tinctoria roots could be used promisingly in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations for their radical scavenging activity and probably for their antiaging activity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.