bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Burn Injuries in Nigeria: A Tertiary Hospital Cohort
Authors: Abubakar AI , Okpechi SC , Euguagie OO , Ikpambese AA 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Burn injuries account for 4.8% of trauma deaths in Nigeria and annually for 20,000 deaths.

Aim:
This study was to catalogue the demographics of patient who presented at a referral center in Nigeria.

Patients and Methods:
In a retrospective study, we reviewed the records of all burn patients who presented over a 36-month period (January 2018 to December 2020). The clinical and demographic data was extracted using a self-designed questionnaire. Information obtained included biodata, etiology, time of presentation, first aid used, TBSA, length of hospital stay (LOHS), and outcome which was analyzed with SPSS version 28.

Results:
A total of 112 burn patients presented at our facility, 87 male and 25 female (m: f = 3.5:1). Forty-four percent were children 10 years old and below. Though scalding with hot liquids was the commonest cause of injury in children, flame burn was the commonest etiology (57.1%). Inhalational injuries occurred in 14.2%. Raw eggs and pap were used as first aid by 23%. Most patients were discharged home, and 19.6% died.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of burn injuries remains high in developing countries. Most causes of burns are preventable. Dangerous traditional practices add to patient morbidity. Education on effective prevention strategies is important in reducing morbidity and mortality.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Liver-Related Indexes and Blood Pressure Dipping Ratios: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Güven AT 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Nighttime blood pressure dipping is a normal physiologic phenomenon. Lack of dipping is associated with increased cardiovascular disease; thus, non-dipping patients are candidates for more strict risk reduction strategies. Dipping presence can be identified using ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM). Recent findings indicate that inflammatory, metabolic, and liver-related indices may have a role in predicting dipping presence dichotomously.

Aim:
To investigate whether dipping ratios correlate with that inflammatory, metabolic, and liver-related indices.

Materials and Methods:
Hypertensive patients with ABPM recordings were retrospectively collected. Patient characteristics, co-morbidities, medications, laboratory results, and ABPM results were analyzed. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), triglyceride-to-HDL ratio (TG/HDL), total cholesterol-to-HDL ratio (TC/HDL), AST-to-ALT ratio (AST/ALT), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) were calculated. Differences and correlations were analyzed between indices, dipping patterns, and ratios.

Results:
Ninety-three patients were included in the study. Forty-five had either a systolic or diastolic dipping pattern. NLR, PLR, TG/HDL, and TC/HDL indices correlated negatively with dipping ratios. AST/ALT was higher in systolic dippers (1.04 vs 0.88, P = 0.03). However, no difference was observed between NLR, PLR, TyG, TG/HDL, TC/HDL, FIB-4, and APRI among different dipping presences.

Conclusion:
This study showed for the first time that there was a negative correlation between inflammatory and metabolic indices and dipping ratios.
Does the Severity of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms Vary Due to Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies and Anemia?
Authors: Deveci Şule , Matur Zeliha 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of serum vitamin, electrolyte levels, and anemia on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) symptoms and findings.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 166 patients with CTS and 80 healthy controls. The patients with CTS were further divided into two groups: those with positive (EP+) and negative (EP−) electrophysiology findings. The participants completed the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) to assess their symptoms, and electromyography investigations were performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Results:
The mean age of individuals in the EP+ group was older, and the body mass index scores were greater than those of other groups. The hemoglobin (Hb) level was significantly lower in the EP+ group than in the EP− group (P = 0.001). Ferritin levels were substantially lower in both the EP+ and the EP− groups compared with the control group (P = 0.045 and P = 0.017, respectively). However, no correlation was found between Hb and ferritin levels and BCTQ scores. The groups had no significant differences in Vitamin D, B12, calcium, and magnesium levels. No relationship was found between the severity of CTS symptoms and deficiencies in Vitamins D and B12.

Conclusions:
Based on this study, anemia and lower levels of ferritin were common in patients with CTS, but they did not directly contribute to the severity of symptoms; the significance of this finding concerning CTS is unclear. However, considering the limited number of studies suggesting that iron deficiency reduces axonal excitability and leads to the slowing of nerve conduction velocities, iron deficiency may facilitate the development of CTS.
Tremor, Gait, and Balance Disorders in Essential Tremor and the Efficacy of Atenolol
Authors: Kisabay A. K. Ayşin , Durmaz Gülsüm Saruhan , Ataç Ceyla , Duksal Tarik , Gökçay Figen , Çelebisoy Neşe 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
To assess gait and balance in patients with essential tremor (ET), which is the most common tremor disorder characterized by bilateral action tremor of the hands with possible involvement of further tremor locations and to test the efficacy of atenolol on tremor and gait and balance.

Methods:
In this prospective study, gait and balance were evaluated by static posturography in addition to International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) in 22 ET patients without any additional neurologic signs on examination. Tremor severity was assessed by The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS). The efficacy of atenolol 100 mg/day both on tremor and gait and balance was investigated. Posturographic recordings were performed in gender, age-, and height-matched healthy volunteers who constituted the control group.

Results:
The mean center of gravity sway velocity of the ET patients recorded on firm and foam surfaces with eyes open and closed was not significantly different from the healthy controls but sway velocity on tandem stance was significantly increased (P = 0.032). Gait speed (P = 0.015) was decreased and step width was increased (P = 0.001). An improvement in TETRAS scores was recorded with atenolol treatment (P = 0.046). An improvement not reaching statistical significance was present in ICARS scores (P = 0.059). However, posturographic parameters did not change significantly (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Increased sway velocity on tandem stance, decreased gait speed and increased step width are consistent with midline cerebellar dysfunction in ET patients with no obvious gait and balance deficits on clinical examination. Atenolol seems to be effective on tremor but does not cause a significant improvement in gait and balance deficits.
Investigation of Penicillin-induced Epilepsy Model in Female Rats with Different estrous Cycles by ECoG Method
Authors: Cetinkaya Ayhan , Kara Sinem , Bozat Bihter Gokce , Yabalak Ahmet 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from an imbalance in neuronal excitation. It is known that there is a tendency for seizures to cluster in both men and women at certain periods. This study aims to compare electrocorticogram (ECoG) recordings in an experimentally induced epilepsy model using penicillin, conducted at different estrous cycles of female rats.

Subjects and Methods:
Prior to commencing the epilepsy experiments, vaginal smears were collected from the animals every morning for 1 week, at the same time each day, for cytological examination. After confirming that the estrous cycles (proestrus, estrous stage, metestrus, and diestrus) of the animals were normal and healthy, the experiment was initiated. Additionally, H and E staining was performed on the ovaries of the rats sacrificed at the end of the experiment to validate the estrous cycle phases. A total of 32 adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus), each consisting of eight rats. The penicillin-induced epilepsy model involved anesthetizing the rats with 1.25 mg/kg urethane intraperitoneally, followed by the injection of penicillin G (500 IU, 2.5 μL, i.c.) into the cortex region through a skull opening. ECoG recordings were conducted using PowerLab analysis for 180 min. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the SPSS program version 22 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples t-test were employed for groups with normally distributed data, while the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used for groups with nonnormally distributed data. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Histological evaluation confirmed that vaginal smears and ovarian histopathology were consistent with each other, validating the data pertaining to the groups. In the ECoG recording results, the spike-wave frequency between 6 and 10 min was higher in the metestrus group compared to the proestrus (P = 0.004), estrus (P = 0.046), and diestrus (P = 0.025) groups. No significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of spike-wave amplitude and latency.

Conclusion:
Our study using a penicillin-induced epilepsy model in female Wistar rats demonstrated that the spike-wave frequency was highest during the metestrus phase. This finding provides valuable insights for future studies aiming to understand and mitigate the sensitivity observed during the metestrus phase, which is characterized by rapid progesterone withdrawal.
Whitehead Hemorrhoidectomy: Is It Time for a Second Look?
Authors: Reiti Andrian , Sidak Volodymyr , Poylin Vitaliy 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background:
Hemorrhoidal problems are common causes of patient complaints. Most of the hemorrhoid-related issues can be managed conservatively; however, some patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids are referred for surgical management. Several techniques including classic hemorrhoidectomy and dearterialization with or without Doppler guidance have been described. Although not as frequently performed, the Whitehead procedure remains occasionally utilized.

Objectives:
The goal of this study is to assess the short- and long-term outcomes of the Whitehead procedure in comparison to the Milligan–Morgan procedure.

Design:
Retrospective review.

Patients and Methods:
A review of all patients undergoing surgical treatment for grade III and IV hemorrhoids at 7th city hospital in Kyiv, Ukraine, between 2015 and 2021 was conducted. The rates of perioperative complications of the Whitehead procedures and overall outcomes were compared to the Milligan–Morgan techniques.

Main Outcome Measures:
Primary outcome included postoperative pain and secondary outcomes included short- and long-term postoperative complications.

Sample Size:
Three hundred and twenty-three patients were included in the study.

Results:
One hundred and seventy-three patients underwent the Whitehead procedure and 140 patients underwent the Milligan–Morgan procedure. There was no difference in age, sex, and comorbidities between the groups. There were no statistical differences between short-term complications, but the Whitehead group experienced less pain throughout the 14 days after surgery. All the patients were seen and examined 6 months after surgery; the patients who underwent the Whitehead procedure showed less prolapse when compared to those in the Milligan–Morgan group without increase in other complications.

Conclusions:
Whitehead hemorrhoidectomy is safe and shows less pain during recovery without remarkable increase in long-term complications.

Limitations:
This was a retrospective review and non-validated instruments were used in surveys.

Conflict of Interest:
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Penerapan Strategi Problem Based Learning dengan Wawasan Kristen Alkitabiah untuk Memotivasi Keaktifan Siswa
Authors: Mallappa Fery , Martha Kurniawati 
Published: December 2023

Keaktifan siswa menjadi salah satu faktor utama penentu keberhasilan pembelajaran. Strategi belajar yang digunakan guru akan sangat menentukan keaktifan siswa di kelas. Kesalahan dalam memilih strategi pembelajaran akan membuat siswa menjadi pasif di kelas. Sikap siswa yang pasif akan membuat siswa tidak dapat belajar dengan maksimal. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi guru untuk merancang pembelajaran yang dapat memfasilitasi siswa untuk terlibat aktif dalam setiap proses pembelajaran. Tidak hanya sampai di situ, penting bagi setiap pendidik Kristen untuk merancang pembelajaran yang aktif dan bermakna agar para siswa juga mendapatkan kesempatan mengagumi Allah dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Hal tersebut dapat dicapai dengan menerapkan strategi pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan wawasan Kristen Alkitabiah karena tujuan utamanya bukan hanya siswa aktif namun juga agar siswa makin mengagumi Allah melalui konsep-konsep yang dipelajari di kelas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan strategi Problem Based Learning dengan wawasan Kristen Alkitabiah agar dapat memotivasi keaktifan siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu sekolah Kristen di Tangerang yang dilakukan selama satu bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan strategi PBL dengan wawasan Kristen Alkitabiah dilakukan melalui lima tahap yaitu mengorientasi, mengorganisasikan, membantu penyelidikan masalah, mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya siswa, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah berhasil memotivasi keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran dengan topik pemuaian.
PROVOZ A ÚDRŽBA ŽELEZNIČNÍCH VOZIDEL V KONTEXTU TECHNICKÝCH SPECIFIKACÍ PRO INTEROPERABILITU
Authors: Michálek Tomáš , Liberová Stanislava 
Published: December 2023

Tento přehledový článek se zabývá provozem a údržbou železničních vozidel v kontextu technických specifikací pro interoperabilitu (TSI). Pozornost je věnována zejména novému systému schvalování vozidel a rozšíření systému údržby subjektem zodpovědným za údržbu (ECM) i mimo oblast nákladních vozů, resp. obecně novinkám, které v dané oblasti zavádí tzv. technický pilíř 4. železničního balíčku.
ISOLATION, MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF SALMONELLA FROM BUFFALO FECES IN SYLHET DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Dashgupta Bishwajit , Rahman Md. Mahfujur , Akter Sharmin , Begum Ruhena , Chowdhury Md. Shahidur Rahman , Hossain Md. Mukter 
Published: December 2023

Salmonella is a widely distributed foodborne pathogen affecting humans and animals around the globe. This cross-sectional bacteriological study was aimed at isolation of Salmonella from fecal samples of buffalos in Sylhet district (Upazilas Jaintapur and Fenchuganj) of Bangladesh, their molecular confirmation, and learning their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. A total of 334 fecal samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique. Standard conventional bacteriological culture and biochemical tests were done to isolate and confirm Salmonella. The isolates were confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this study, Salmonella was isolated from 56 samples (16.77%) using bacteriological culture methods and biochemical tests, and all isolates were confirmed in PCR tests. The prevalence of Salmonella was estimated to be 17.57% and 13.93% in Jaintapur and Fenchuganj Upazilas, respectively. Buffalo calves under one year of age had a higher prevalence (24.32%) than older animals aged 1 - 2 (18.62%), 2 - 4 (13.25%), and > 4 years (10.67%). Furthermore, the prevalence was substantially higher in diarrheic animals (72.22%) than in their healthy counterparts (13.60%). It did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) between animals from Jaintapur and Fenchuganj Upazilas. Likewise, no significant difference (p > 0.05) in Salmonella isolates was detected between different age groups. The results revealed that the isolation rate of Salmonella was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in female and diarrheic animals. The most effective antibiotics against the majority of Salmonella isolates were gentamycin (100%), levofloxacin (100%), and ciprofloxacin (76.67%). On the other hand, Salmonella isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (100%), ampicillin (87.5%), and streptomycin (78.6%). Pathogenic microorganisms in feces are a potential risk to public health due to environmental and animal food contamination. Therefore, infection control and establishing strategic antibiotic therapy should be a priority.
Cambios en el clima y en la agricultura según registros de pequeños productores de la Quebrada de Humahuaca, décadas 1980 a 2020 (Jujuy, Argentina)
Authors: Trillo Dolores 
Published: December 2023

El artículo tiene por objetivo presentar los resultados de investigaciones cualitativas referidos a la producción agrícola en la Quebrada de Humahuaca y su relación con los cambios registrados en el clima por parte de agricultores de la región entre las décadas de 1980 y 2020.
El relevamiento se llevó a cabo en las primeras décadas del presente siglo, en dieciocho parajes y localidades que se ubican a lo largo de la Quebrada de Humahuaca, a partir de la implementación de entrevistas semiestructuradas y entrevistas abiertas a veinticuatro agricultores locales.
Los resultados obtenidos indican la existencia de dos factores climáticos cuyo comportamiento condiciona la producción agrícola y promueve acciones de adaptación por parte de los agricultores de la región: las temperaturas y las precipitaciones. Estos factores suscitan cambios productivos, tales como la pérdida de cultivos o su menor rendimiento, así como la posibilidad de introducir nuevos cultivos en zonas que se han vuelto aptas para su siembra.
Asimismo, el artículo expone la capacidad de adaptación de los agricultores a estos factores, recreando estrategias antiguas para paliar los efectos negativos del clima, así como la incorporación de modernas estrategias de adaptación.

Abstract
The aim of this article is to present the results of qualitative research on agricultural production by small farmers in Quebrada de Humahuaca and its relationship with climate changes in the region between the 1980s and 2020s.
The survey was carried out in the first decades of the present century in eighteen villages and areas located along Quebrada de Humahuaca. It comprised semi-structured interviews and open interviews to twenty-four local farmers.
The results show two climatic factors which have conditioned agricultural production and have promoted adaptation actions by farmers in the region: temperature and rainfall. These two factors have caused productive changes such as the loss of crops or lower yields as well as the introduction of new crops in areas that have become suitable for them.
The article also discusses the farmers' ability to recreate old strategies and incorporate modern adaptation strategies in order to mitigate the negative effects of climate.
Teknoloji ve Toplum Birlikteliği’ni Anlamlandırmak Üzere ‘ Mitik /Felsefi /Sosyolojik Yaklaşımları’ Dikkate Almak
Authors: KARAHASAN Aylin 
Published: December 2023

‘Teknoloji’,sadece toplumu biçimlendiren ‘dışarıdan’ bir öğe değil, onunla birlikte biçimlenen;
toplum ile birlikteliğinin toplumsal düzeni var ettiği, ‘toplumsal’ bir öğedir de… Sosyoloji
disiplininin sıklıkla ifade ettiği gibi, bir sayısal toplamdan daha fazlası olan ‘toplum’ da, öznel ve
nesnel nitelikleri ve bu niteliklerin birbiriyle etkileşimi üzerinden bir değerler ve yöntemler
sisteminin biçimlenmesi hasebiyle -bir yönüyle- ‘teknik/teknolojik’ niteliktedir. Teknoloji’nin ve
toplumun birbirlerine, birbirlerinin niteliğini yansıtarak, ‘birlikte’ artı değer üreterek konumlanmaları
söz konusudur. Araştırmacı, bu çalışmasında, teknoloji ve toplum birlikteliğini anlamlandırmak
üzere, ‘mitik, felsefi sosyolojik yaklaşımları’ ‘birlikte’ dikkate alarak; bir çözümleme denemesi
yapmaktadır. Birbirine yakın olan bu yaklaşımlar, aralarındaki kökensel bağ ve arkaik arka plan
dikkate alınmadıkça, birbirlerinden uzak düşmektedirler ve böylelikle toplumsal gerçekliğin
anlamlandırılmasında gereğince işe koşulamamaktadırlar. Aksi durumda ise, toplumsal gerçekliğin
insanın varoluş hikâyesi ve hakikatle ilişkisini anlamlandırabilmek adına değerli bir katkı
sunulabilmesi mümkün olabilecektir. Teknoloji ve toplum birlikteliğinin, bu hikâyenin tam da
merkezinde duruyor olmasının gözden kaçırılmasının, söz konusu yaklaşımların işlevselliklerinden
koparılmış olmalarıyla ilgisi fark edildiğinde, günümüz dünyasında, tanrılardan ateşi çalarak insanlara
getiren Prometheus mitosunun -sanki-rövanşıyla karşı karşıya olduğumuz da anlaşılabilecektir.
Ayar’ın muhatabı olan insan’ın/özne’nin varoluşsal uyumu fark etmesiyle birlikte hikayeyi yeniden
anlamlandırmasının niteliği, gerçekliğin hakikatin eleğinden geçirilmesini ve kendisinin varoluşunu
tehdit eden unsurlardan arınmasını da getirmiş olacaktır.
Pembinaan TK/TPA Di Masjid Nuru Sadda Desa Samaturue Kecamatan Tellulimpoe Kabupaten Sinjai
Authors: Suriyati Suriyati , Fahrul Fahrul , Darwis Darwis , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: December 2023

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat merupkan hal yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan khususnya terkait dengan pendampingan dan pembinaan cara tulis al’qur’an khsusny TK/TPA di dusun Korong Desa Samaturue Kecamatan Tellulimpoe Kabupaten Sinjai yang merupakan suatu pengejawantahan potensi anak dalam bidang keagamaan baik dari segi membaca dan menghafal doa-doa jugasurah pendek lainnya yang terdapat dalam al qur’an. Tujuan dari pada pengabdian ini yaitu untuk mengamati bagaimana model pendampingan santri TK/TPA di Desa Samaturue juga agar dapat diukur tingkat kemampuan anak-anak santri TK/TPA dalam membaca dan menghafalkan surah-surah pendek. Ada beberapa cara yang dilakukan pada pembinaan di TK/TPA ini yaitu dengan cara observasi, ini dilakukan untuk melihat dan mendapat gambaran pelaksanaan dan pembinaan TK/TPA, kedua, perencanaan kegiatan, pembuatan materi ajar, ketiga, pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan evaluasi, kemudian ditindaklanjuti dari hasil pelaksanaan Hasil dari pembinaan ini mendapatkan bahwa dari 25 santri TK/TPA semuanya menunjukkan hasil yang baik baik dari segi kemampuan membaca dengan menggunakan metode Iqro, Tartil, dan Qiroati. Tindak lanjut dari hasil kegiatan pembinaan ini adalah penyerahan buku pembelajaran TK/TPA yang nantinya akan dimanfaatkan oleh pembina kemudian pelaksana berikutnya untuk melakukan pembinaan. Adapun pelaksanaan PKM berikutnya yaitu perlu adanya pendampingan dan pembinaan secara terus menerus dan konsisten juga komitmen.