bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Signal to Noise Ratio, T 60, Wide-Dynamic Range Compression Speed, and Digital Noise Reduction in a Virtual Restaurant Setting
Authors: Ellis Gregory M. , Crukley Jeff , Souza Pamela E. 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Hearing aid processing in realistic listening environments is difficult to study effectively. Often the environment is unpredictable or unknown, such as in wearable aid trials with subjective report by the wearer. Some laboratory experiments create listening environments to exert tight experimental control, but those environments are often limited by physical space, a small number of sound sources, or room absorptive properties. Simulation techniques bridge this gap by providing greater experimental control over listening environments, effectively bringing aspects of the real-world into the laboratory. This project used simulation to study the effects of wide-dynamic range compression (WDRC) and digital noise reduction (DNR) on speech intelligibility in a reverberant environment with six spatialized competing talkers. The primary objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of WDRC and DNR in a complex listening environment using virtual auditory space techniques.

Design:
Participants of greatest interest were listeners with hearing impairment. A group of listeners with clinically normal hearing was included to assess the effects of the simulation absent the complex effects of hearing loss. Virtual auditory space techniques were used to simulate a small restaurant listening environment with two different reverberation times (0.8 and 1.8 sec) in a range of signal to noise ratios (SNRs) (−8.5 to 11.5 dB SNR). Six spatialized competing talkers were included to further enhance realism. A hearing aid simulation was used to examine the degree to which speech intelligibility was affected by slow and fast WDRC in conjunction with the presence or absence of DNR. The WDRC and DNR settings were chosen to be reasonable estimates of hearing aids currently available to consumers.

Results:
A WDRC × DNR × Hearing Status interaction was observed, such that DNR was beneficial for speech intelligibility when combined with fast WDRC speeds, but DNR was detrimental to speech intelligibility when WDRC speeds were slow. The pattern of the WDRC × DNR interaction was observed for both listener groups. Significant main effects of reverberation time and SNR were observed, indicating better performance with lower reverberation times and more positive SNR.

Conclusions:
DNR reduced low-amplitude noise before WDRC-amplified the low-intensity portions of the signal, negating one potential downside of fast WDRC and leading to an improvement in speech intelligibility in this simulation. These data suggest that, in some real-world environments that include both reverberation and noise, older listeners with hearing impairment may find speech to be more intelligible if DNR is activated when the hearing aid has fast compression time constants. Additional research is needed to determine the appropriate DNR strength and to confirm results in wearable hearing aids and a wider range of listening environments.
Association Between Home Renovation and Sleeping Problems Among Children Aged 6–18 Years: A Nationwide Survey in China
Authors: Wang Dao-Sen , Zhang Hong-Zhi , Wu Si-Han , Qian Zheng-Min , McMillin Stephen Edward , Bingheim Elizabeth , Tan Wei-Hong , Huang Wen-Zhong , Zhou Pei-En , Liu Ru-Qing , Hu Li-Wen , Chen Gong-Bo , Yang Bo-Yi , Zeng Xiao-Wen , Hu Qian-Sheng , Lin Li-Zi , Dong Guang-Hui 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Although the indoor environment has been proposed to be associated with childhood sleep health, to our knowledge no study has investigated the association between home renovation and childhood sleep problems.

Methods:
The study included 186,470 children aged 6–18 years from the National Chinese Children Health Study (2012–2018). We measured childhood sleeping problems via the Chinese version of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (C-SDSC). Information on home renovation exposure within the recent 2 years was collected via parent report. We estimated associations between home renovation and various sleeping problems, defined using both continuous and categorized (binary) C-SDSC t-scores, using generalized mixed models. We fitted models with city as a random effect variable, and other covariates as fixed effects.

Results:
Out of the overall participants, 89,732 (48%) were exposed to recent home renovations. Compared to the unexposed group, children exposed to home renovations had higher odds of total sleep disorder (odd ratios [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 1.4). Associations varied when we considered different types of home renovation materials. Children exposed to multiple types of home renovation had higher odds of sleeping problems. We observed similar findings when considering continuous C-SDSC t-scores. Additionally, sex and age of children modified the associations of home renovation exposure with some of the sleeping problem subtypes.

Conclusions:
We found that home renovation was associated with higher odds of having sleeping problems and that they varied when considering the type of renovation, cumulative exposure, sex, and age differences.
Modified Lip Repositioning Surgery with and without Dual-layered Suturing for Treatment of Gummy Smile Patients
Authors: Adel Noury 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The present study was performed to evaluate the differences in the efficacy of treating excessive gingival display with the standard modified lip repositioning surgery or the modified lip repositioning surgery with dual-layered suturing.

Methods:
This study included 20 female patients who had a gummy smile resulting from upper lip hypermobility or short upper lip. Preoperative measurements of the amount of gum exposure were taken during involuntary smiling. The patients were randomly divided into two groups; the first group was treated with the standard technique, whereas the second group was treated with the double-layered suturing method. All patients were followed up at 14 days, 3 months, and 6 months; postoperative assessment was done by measuring the changes in the gingival display during spontaneous smiling.

Results:
Postoperative measurements at 14 days follow-up showed a significant reduction in the amount of gingival exposure in both groups. However, at 3 months, there was a complete relapse for the first group of patients, whereas the second group showed a slight regain in the amount of gum exposure, though the latter group showed a complete relapse at 6 months postoperative.

Conclusions:
The dual-layered suturing for the modified lip repositioning surgery did not provide any long-term improvement for treating gummy smile patients; however, it did delay the relapse to a certain extent for the first 3 months postoperative in some of the patients.
Additional Pneumatic Retinopexy in Patients with Persistent Retinal Detachment After Scleral Buckling
Authors: Jung Young Hoon , Woo Se Joon , Joo Kwangsic , Kim Min Seok 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the efficacy, safety, and indications for additional pneumatic retinopexy (PR) in patients with persistent retinal detachment (RD) after scleral buckling (SB).

Methods:
This retrospective study included patients who underwent additional PR after SB for primary rhegmatogenous RD (n = 78). We defined “inadequate buckle” as RD persistence due to low buckle height despite accurate buckle placement and “buckle misplacement” as an uncovered tear because of incorrect buckle placement.

Results:
The anatomical success rate after additional PR was 52.6%. Development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade B (hazard ratio [HR], 5.73; P <0.001) and inferior retinal tears (HR, 2.12; P = 0.040) were significant risk factors for anatomical failure. The most common cause of anatomical failure was PVR (19/37; 51.4%), and epiretinal membrane formation was a common complication after additional PR (22/78; 28.2%). The anatomical success rate with additional PR was significantly higher in the inadequate buckle group than in the misplacement group (8/9 [88.9%] vs. 12/28 [42.9%]; P = 0.023)

Conclusion:
Development of PVR grade B and inferior retinal tears were significantly associated with anatomical failure after additional PR. Additional PR may benefit patients with superior retinal tears or low buckle height and those without PVR.
Conventional Versus Traction Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Colorectal Tumors
Authors: Singh Sahib , Mohan Babu P. , Chandan Saurabh , Sharma Neil , Vinayek Rakesh , Dutta Sudhir , Kantsevoy Sergey V. , Le Michelle , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Compared with conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (C-ESD) for colorectal lesions, the traction method (T-ESD) allows the lesion to be stabilized with easier dissection. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported conflicting results on the clinical outcomes of T-ESD as compared with C-ESD. We conducted a meta-analysis to compile the data.

Methods:
Multiple databases were searched for RCTs evaluating C-ESD versus T-ESD for colorectal tumors. The end points of interest were procedure time (min), resection speed (mm²/min), R0 resection, en bloc resection, delayed bleeding, and perforation. Standard meta-analysis methods were employed using the random-effects model.

Results:
Six RCTs with a total of 566 patients (C-ESD n=284, T-ESD n=282) were included. The mean age was 67±10 y and 60% were men. As compared with the T-ESD technique, the C-ESD group was associated with longer procedure time (SMD 0.91, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.23, P<0.00001) and lesser resection speed (SMD −1.03, 95% CI −2.01 to −0.06, P=0.04). No significant difference was found in the 2 groups with respect to R0 resection rate (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.06, P=0.87), en bloc resection (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.01, P=0.35), delayed bleeding (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.17 to 2.59, P=0.55) and perforation (RR 2.16, 95% CI 0.75 to 6.27, P=0.16).

Discussion:
On meta-analysis, pooled procedure time was significantly faster with T-ESD compared with C-ESD. The clinical outcomes, however, were comparable.
Nourishing the gut: the impact of diet on host–gut microbiota interaction
Authors: Masi Davide , Le Roy Tiphaine , Adriouch Solia , Clément Karine 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Understanding the spectrum of drivers that influence the gut microbiome (GM) remains a crucial field of investigation. Among these factors, diet has received particular attention, as it could explain up to 20% of the variability in GM composition between individuals. This review focuses on the complex relationships between different dietary patterns and GM in humans, based on recent findings.

Recent findings
Current evidence underscores the multifaceted impact of diet on GM richness, diversity, and overall composition. Key contributing factors encompass dietary habits, nutritional interventions, food quality and variety, macronutrient distribution, timing of feeding, and selective exclusion of certain foods.

Summary
The intricate interplay between diet and GM is of fundamental importance in shaping the interaction between the host and the environment. Further understanding the causal impact of diet on GM has promising potential for the advancement of strategies to promote health and mitigate cardio-metabolic disease risks through dietary interventions.

Graphical abstract

http://links.lww.com/COCN/A21
Exploring US Nursing Leadership During the Initial COVID-19 Pandemic Response
Authors: Starr Madeleine , Webber-Ritchey Kashica J. , Harris Barbara , Simonovich Shannon D. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to describe the experiences of nurse leaders during the 1st wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to enhance understanding in preparation for future disasters.

BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to the healthcare system globally. Nurse leaders play an essential part and have a significant impact on the efficacy of disaster management in future emergent situations.

METHODS
The parent study conducted interviews with 100 nurses in the United States across specialty areas. This article presents a subgroup analysis of interview data from 13 self-identified nurse leaders. The research team used qualitative descriptive methodology and thematic analysis to identify patterns within the data.

RESULTS
Five themes were identified for effective nurse leadership during an emerging pandemic: 1) responsiveness; 2) anticipating needs; 3) care innovations; 4) collaboration; and 5) adaptability.

CONCLUSION
Supporting nurse leaders to exhibit effective leadership during periods of crisis is imperative to increase preparedness for future health events, protect population health, and create a pipeline of future nursing leadership. Involving nursing in developing and reforming policy is integral.
Identification of Senescence-Related Biomarkers and Regulatory Networks in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Ling 
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe neurological disorder with substantial societal implications. Cellular senescence plays a critical role in ICH pathogenesis. This study aims to identify senescence-related biomarkers in ICH for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

Methods:
Raw data from GSE24265 in Gene Expression Omnibus was downloaded. Senescence-related genes were acquired from CellAge. Differential gene analysis was done between patients with ICH and controls. The intersection of ICH differentially expressed genes and senescence-related genes for senescence-related ICH genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed. Protein-protein interaction network was constructed through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis was done for immune cell infiltration and function evaluation in control and ICH groups. miRWalk2.0 database was used for microRNA predictions targeting ICH biomarkers. Transcriptional regulatory relationships unraveled by sentence-based text mining database was employed to predict transcription factors regulating identified biomarkers.

Results:
Thirteen senescence-related ICH genes were identified. They were primarily enriched in the positive regulation of angiogenesis and the Advanced Glycation End Product -Receptor for AGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Validation in the GSE149317 data set and receiver operating characteristic analysis highlighted Caveolin 1, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1, ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor, and Serpin Family E Member 1 as potential ICH biomarkers. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis revealed increased Type 2 T helper cell 2_cells, Treg cells, and immune functions like Antigen-presenting cells_co_stimulation in patients with ICH. Fourteen microRNA, including has-miR-6728-3p, were predicted to regulate these biomarkers. transcription factors such as PPARG, RARA, HMGA1, and NFKB1 were identified as potential regulators of the ICH biomarkers.

Conclusion:
Caveolin 1, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1, ETS proto-oncogene 1, transcription factor, and Serpin Family E Member 1 may serve as valuable biomarkers in ICH. Targeting these genes could contribute to ICH prevention and treatment.
Medicolegal Implications of Deaths due to Agricultural Accidents
Authors: Da Broi Ugo , Simonit Francesco , Desinan Lorenzo , Tse Rexson , Garland Jack , Ondruschka Benjamin , Mann Danny 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Agriculture encompasses a variety of activities that carry with them a variety of different risks. The unsafe use of vehicles, machinery, and tools as well as animal husbandry, working at heights, and exposure to chemical, biological, and weather events may result in the deaths of agricultural workers. Inexperienced operators and/or their inappropriate conduct may lead to avoidable fatalities. Forensic pathologists operating with the support of agricultural engineers or other professionals must evaluate the death scene, the case background and circumstances, the autopsy findings, and the toxicological data to establish the factors and dynamics responsible for such accidents and deaths.
The aim of this review is to focus on the diagnostic approach required, by means of an interdisciplinary approach, to identify the cause of some typical agricultural fatalities, to confirm that death was accidental, and to help exclude the possibility of homicide or suicide.
Effects of plantar fascia release and the use of foot orthoses affect biomechanics of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. A cadaveric study
Authors: Rodríguez-Sanz Jacobo , Roche-Seruendo Luis Enrique , López-de-Celis Carlos , Canet-Vintró Max , Ordoyo-Martin Javier , Fernández-Gibello Alejandro , Labata-Lezaun Noé , Pérez-Bellmunt Albert 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the effect of minimally invasive ultrasound-guided fascial release and a foot orthoses with first metatarsal head cut-out on the biomechanics of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot in cadaveric specimens.

Design
A cross-sectional study was designed (20 body-donors). Anthropometric measurements of the foot, foot posture index and the windlass test and force were measured in different conditions: unloaded, loaded position, with foot orthoses, after a 25% plantar fascia release and after a 50% release.

Results
For the anthropometric measurements of the foot, differences were found in foot length (p = 0.009), arch height (p < 0.001) and midfoot width (p = 0.019) when comparing the unloaded vs foot orthoses condition. When foot orthoses were compared with 25% plantar fascial release, differences were found in foot length (p = 0.014) and arch height (p < 0.001). In the comparation with 50% plantar fascial release, differences were found in the arch height (p < 0.001). A significant interaction between foot orthoses condition and grades was found in the arch height during the windlass test (p = 0.021).

Conclusion
The results indicate that the presence of foot orthoses leads to a significant increase in arch height compared to other conditions. Furthermore, when plantar fascia release is performed, the arch does not exhibit any signs of collapse.
Relationship of several serum folate forms with the prevalence of hypertension
Authors: Wu Qimeng , Zhou Chun , Ye Ziliang , Liu Mengyi , Zhang Zhuxian , He Panpan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Huan , Liu Chengzhang , Qin Xianhui 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The relationship of different serum forms of folate with the prevalence of hypertension remains uncertain. We aim to examine the association of several folate forms (5-methyltetrahydrofolate [5-mTHF], unmetabolized folic acid [UMFA], and MeFox [an oxidation product of 5-mTHF]) with the prevalence of hypertension.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 19,237 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or a self-reported diagnosis of hypertension by a physician, or current anti-hypertensive treatment.

Results:
The prevalence of hypertension was 39.3%. When serum 5-mTHF was assessed as quartiles, a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartiles 3 to 4 (≥34.0 nmol/L) (odds ratio [OR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76–0.97), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 2. When serum UMFA was assessed as quartiles, a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartile 4 (≥1.0 nmol/L) (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.31), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 3. When serum MeFox was assessed as quartiles, a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension was found in participants in quartiles 3 to 4 (≥1.4 nmol/L) (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06–1.34), compared with those in quartiles 1 to 2.

Conclusions:
Higher serum 5-mTHF levels were associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension, while higher serum UMFA and MeFox levels were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension. If further confirmed, our findings highlight the importance of monitoring different serum forms of folate and may help guide future clinical trials and nutritional guidelines on folic acid supplementation for prevention of hypertension.
Pedicle Lengthening with Reducing Size Mismatch in Free Anterolateral Free Flap
Authors: Ko Eunjeong , Kim Yesol , Moon Suk-Ho 
Published: January 2024

When plastic surgeons reconstruct the defects for recurrent cancer, a longer vascular pedicle is often necessary because usable vessels are sacrificed in previous surgeries or radiotherapy. In this case, we would like to present another method for free anterolateral thigh flap pedicle elongation. A 59-year-old man was referred to our clinic for reconstruction after unilateral total maxillectomy and orbital exenteration due to recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. We need to cover the full-thickness defect in the left orbital area (8×7 cm sized), intraoral area (5×7 cm sized), and orbital floor. Due to prior surgeries and radiotherapy, we needed a vascular pedicle up to 15 cm for a distant recipient vessel. When harvesting the flap, we transected just proximal to the bifurcation site, harvested a muscular branch to vastus intermedius together, and used it for pedicle elongation by vessel turning over. A 17×6 cm sized musculocutaneous flap was harvested, and the total length of the pedicle was 15 cm. As the anastomosis was done at the distal portion of the vastus intermedius branch, there was no size mismatch with the superior thyroid artery. Both skin defects and the orbital floor were covered without any tension. The reconstruction was successful without any flap compromise 1 year after surgery. This case suggests another option for microsurgeons to lengthen the flap pedicle and reduce size mismatch using anatomical variability of the lateral circumflex femoral artery.