bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transport of inorganic phosphate in primary cultures of chondrocytes isolated from the tibial growth plate of normal adolescent chickens
Authors: Wu Licia N.Y. , Guo Yande , Genge Brian R. , Ishikawa Yoshinori , Wuthier Roy E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThis report describes Pi transport activity in chondrocytes isolated from the growth plate (GP) of normal adolescent chickens grown in primary cell culture. Our recent work showed that Pi transport in matrix vesicles (MV) isolated from normal GP cartilage was not strictly Na+‐dependent, whereas previously characterized Pi transport from rachitic GP cartilage MV was. This Na+‐dependent Pi transporter (NaPiT), a member of the Type III Glvr‐1 gene family, is expressed only transiently during early differentiation of GP cartilage, is enhanced by Pi‐deficiency, and is most active at pH 6.8. Since GP mineralization requires abundant Pi and occurs under slightly alkaline conditions, it seemed unlikely that this type of Pi transporter was solely responsible for Pi uptake during normal GP development. Therefore we asked whether the lack of strict Na+‐dependency in Pi transport seen in normal MV was also evident in normal GP chondrocytes. In fact, cellular Pi transport was found not to be strictly Na+‐dependent, except for a brief period early in the culture. Choline could equally serve as a Na+ substitute. Activity of choline‐supported Pi transport was optimum at pH 7.6–8.0. In addition, prior exposure of the cells to elevated extracellular Pi (2–3 mM) strongly enhanced subsequent Pi uptake, which appeared to depend on prior loading of the cells with mineral ions. Prevention of Pi loading by pretreatment with Pi transport inhibitors not only inhibited subsequent cellular Pi uptake, it also blocked mineral formation. Treatment with elevated extracellular Pi did not induce apoptosis in these GP chondrocytes. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 475–489, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BEACH family of proteins: Phylogenetic and functional analysis of six Dictyostelium BEACH proteins
Authors: Wang Ning , Wu Wei‐I , De Lozanne Arturo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe beige and Chediak‐Higashi syndrome (BEACH)‐domain containing proteins constitute a new family of proteins found in all eukaryotes. The function of these proteins, which include the Chediak‐Higashi syndrome (CHS) protein, Neurobeachin, LvsA, and FAN, is still poorly understood. To understand the diversity of this novel protein family, we analyzed a large array of BEACH‐family protein sequences from several organisms. Comparison of all these sequences suggests that they can be classified into five distinct groups that may represent five distinct functional classes. In Dictyostelium we identified six proteins in this family, named LvsA‐F, that belong to four of those classes. To test the function of these proteins in Dictyostelium we created disruption mutants in each of the lvs genes. Phenotypic analyses of these mutants indicate that LvsA is required for cytokinesis and osmoregulation and LvsB functions in lysosomal traffic. The LvsC‐F proteins are not required for these or other processes such as growth and development. These results strongly support the concept that BEACH proteins from different classes have distinct cellular functions. Having six distinct BEACH proteins, Dictyostelium should be an excellent model system to dissect the molecular function of this interesting family of proteins. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 561–570, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Associated proteins of lens adherens junction
Authors: Bagchi M. , Katar M. , Lewis J. , Maisel H. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractCytoplasmic proteins associated with adherens junctions were identified in the chicken ocular lens. The catenins, α, β, and γ, were present in epithelial and fiber cells, although their pattern of distribution changed with fiber cell differentiation. The sharp decline in α‐catenin with fiber cell formation and the increasing Triton‐insolubility of N‐cadherin suggests that another subtype of α‐catenin exists in the lens. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 700–703, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of c‐fos in the regulation of type X collagen gene expression by PTH and PTHrP: Localization of a PTH/PTHrP‐responsive region in the human COL10A1 enhancer
Authors: Riemer Silvia , Gebhard Sonja , Beier Frank , Pöschl Ernst , von der Mark Klaus 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPTH and PTHrP have been shown to inhibit maturation of growth plate chondrocytes and the expression of type X collagen. In order to examine the regulatory mechanisms involved, fetal bovine growth plate chondrocytes were incubated for 24–48 h under serum‐free conditions with PTH and PTHrP and various aminoterminal, midregional, and carboxyterminal fragments of these hormones. Analysis of type X collagen mRNA levels by Northern hybridization showed a significant suppression by PTH (1–84), PTH (1–34), and PTHrP (1–40), but not by PTH (28–48) or PTH (53–84). PTH fragment (3–34) did not reduce α1(X) mRNA levels, while bis‐indolylmaleimide, an inhibitor of the protein‐kinase C pathway, did not affect α1(X) mRNA suppression by PTH, supporting the notion that the inhibition of type X collagen expression by PTH involves predominantly the adenylate cyclase pathway of the PTH/PTHrP‐receptor. Since PTH and PTHrP have been shown to induce c‐fos in osteoblasts and chondrocytes, the possibility was tested that c‐fos mediated the suppressive effect of PTH/PTHrP on collagen X expression. In fetal bovine hypertrophic chondrocytes PTH (1–34), but not PTH (3–34) nor the midregional or C‐terminal PTH fragments induced c‐fos expression. In order to identify cis‐ and trans‐acting elements in the COL10A1 gene involved in c‐fos‐mediated inhibition of collagen X expression by PTH/PTHrP, reporter gene constructs carrying various fragments of the human COL10A1 promoter coupled to the luciferase gene were transfected into hypertrophic chondrocytes. A tissue‐specific, strong enhancer region, which we had previously located in the promoter of the human type X collagen gene COL10A1, was further narrowed down to a 530‐bp sequence, located between − 1,870‐ and − 2,407 bp upstream of the transcription start site. The transcriptional activity of this enhancer element in transfected hypertrophic chondrocytes was significantly reduced after incubation with PTH (1–34) or PTHrP (1–40). Transcription of these reporter genes was also inhibited when chondrocytes were cotransfected with a c‐fos expression vector. These results indicate the presence of a PTH/PTHrP responsive element in the human COL10A1 enhancer, which may be represented by multiple putative AP‐1 sites located in this region. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 688–699, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fanconi anemia protein complex is a novel target of the IKK signalsome
Authors: Otsuki Tetsuya , Young David B. , Sasaki Dennis T. , Pando Matthew P. , Li Jianwu , Manning Anthony , Hoekstra Merl , Hoatlin Maureen E. , Mercurio Frank , Liu Johnson M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractFanconi anemia (FA), a genetic disorder predisposing to aplastic anemia and cancer, is characterized by hypersensitivity to DNA‐damaging agents and oxidative stress. Five of the cloned FA proteins (FANCA, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG) appear to be involved in a common functional pathway that is required for the monoubiquitination of a sixth gene product, FANCD2. Here, we report that FANCA associates with the IκB kinase (IKK) signalsome via interaction with IKK2. Components of the FANCA complex undergo rapid, stimulus‐dependent changes in phosphorylation, which are blocked by kinase‐inactive IKK2 (IKK2 K > M). When exposed to mitomycin C, cells expressing IKK2 K > M develop a cell cycle abnormality characteristic of FA. Thus, FANCA may function to recruit IKK2, thus providing the cell a means of rapidly responding to stress. J. Cell. Biochem. 86: 613–623, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Countertransference management and therapy outcome: An initial evaluation
Authors: Gelso Charles J. , Latts Mara G. , Gomez Maria J. , Fassinger Ruth E. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe relationship between therapist countertransference management ability and therapy outcome was examined. Participants were 32 therapist‐trainees and their clinical supervisors. Supervisors completed the Countertransference Factors Inventory (CFI) with regard to their supervisees. The CFI assesses five therapist characteristics thought to comprise countertransference management: Self‐Insight, Self‐Integration, Anxiety Management, Empathy, and Conceptualizing Skills. Both trainees and their supervisors rated the degree of improvement for each client seen in therapy. Results indicated that the CFI total score and the subscales of Anxiety Management and Conceptualizing Skills were positively related to both trainee and supervisor ratings of outcome; Self‐Integration was related to trainee, but not supervisor, outcome ratings. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 861‐867, 2002.
Patterns of substance use in treatment‐seeking problem gamblers: Impact on treatment outcomes
Authors: Toneatto Tony , Skinner Wayne , Dragonetti Rosa 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that treatment‐seeking problem gamblers have high rates of substance abuse. However, relatively little is known about the relation between gambling problems and specific psychoactive substances apart from alcohol and methadone‐treated opiate addicts. In this study of 169 individuals seeking outpatient treatment for problem gambling, lifetime drug use and medication use were very high. Approximately half of the sample were using a psychiatric medication at the time they sought gambling treatment while very few individuals were using other drugs. Gambling treatment outcomes were unrelated to history of drug or medication use. No evidence was found for substitution of psychoactive substance use for gambling during the follow‐up year. These findings indicate that gamblers are more likely to be involved with drug and medication use compared to the general population, but that such histories are not associated with gambling treatment outcomes. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 853‐859, 2002.
Induction or suppression of expression of cytochrome C oxidase subunit II by heregulin β 1 in human mammary epithelial cells is dependent on the levels of ErbB2 expression
Authors: Sun Yanbo , Lin Hong , Zhu Yunfeng , Ma Cuiling , Ye Jianping , Luo Jia 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe ErbB family of receptor kinases is composed of four members: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), ErbB2/neu, ErbB3, and ErbB4. Amplification of the ErbB2/neu is found in about 30% of breast cancer patients and is associated with a poor prognosis. Heregulin (HRG) activates the ErbB2 via induction of heterodimerization with ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptors. With suppression subtractive hybridization, we demonstrated that the expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COXII) is HRG‐responsive. Two nontransformed human mammary epithelial cell lines, the HB2 and the HB2ErbB2 (the HB2 engineered to overexpress ErbB2), displayed an opposite response to HRG‐mediated regulation. HRG upregulated mRNA expression of COXII in the HB2 cells, but suppressed COXII expression in the HB2ErbB2 cells. A human breast cancer cell line (T47D), which expresses ErbB2 at a level similar to that of the HB2 cells, also responded to HRG by increasing COXII mRNA levels. Therefore, HRG regulation of COXII expression depends on the levels of ErbB2 expression. Furthermore, the expression of COXII was inversely correlated to the levels of ErbB2, i.e., the cells overexpressing ErbB2 exhibited lower COXII levels. HRG‐evoked signal transduction differed between the cells with normal ErbB expression and the cells overexpressing ErbB2. The activation of both ERK and PI3‐K was essential for HRG regulation of COXII, i.e., blockage of either pathway eliminated HRG‐mediated alteration. This is the first report demonstrating that the expression of mitochondria‐encoded COXII is HRG‐responsive. The levels of ErbB2 expression are decisive for the diverse biological activities of HRG. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infiltration anesthetic lidocaine inhibits cancer cell invasion by modulating ectodomain shedding of heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF)
Authors: Mammoto Tadanori , Higashiyama Shigeki , Mukai Mutsuko , Mammoto Akiko , Ayaki Masako , Mashimo Takashi , Hayashi Yukio , Kishi Yoshihiko , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Akedo Hitoshi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAlthough the mechanism is unknown, infiltration anesthetics are believed to have membrane‐stabilizing action. We report here that such a most commonly used anesthetic, lidocaine, effectively inhibited the invasive ability of human cancer (HT1080, HOS, and RPMI‐7951) cells at concentrations used in surgical operations (5–20 mM). Ectodomain shedding of heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) from the cell surface plays an important role in invasion by HT1080 cells. Lidocaine reduced the invasion ability of these cells by partly inhibiting the shedding of HB‐EGF from the cell surface and modulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration contributed to this action. The anesthetic action of lidocaine (sodium channel blocking ability) did not contribute to this anti‐invasive action. In addition, lidocaine (5–30 mM), infiltrated around the inoculation site, inhibited pulmonary metastases of murine osteosarcoma (LM 8) cells in vivo. These data point to previously unrecognized beneficial actions of lidocaine and suggest that lidocaine might be an ideal infiltration anesthetic for surgical cancer operations. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sonographically guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in children
Authors: Crystal Pavel , Hertzanu Yancu , Farber Boris , Shabshin Noga , Barki Yehiel 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPurpose.The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of sonographically guided hydrostatic enema in therapeutic reduction of intussusception in children and to determine whether certain factors may predict the outcome of this technique.Methods.We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and sonographic examinations of 83 consecutive children sonographically diagnosed with 101 cases of intussusception over a 40‐month period. In 99 cases, sonographically guided hydrostatic reduction was attempted. The presence of free peritoneal fluid, the presence of fluid inside the intussusception, and the initial location of the intussusception, as confirmed by sonography, along with the level of experience of the radiologist who performed the reduction were statistically analyzed to determine their effect on outcome. A p value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results.In 88 (89%) of the 99 cases, hydrostatic reduction was successful. No complications during or after hydrostatic enema were noted. The success rate was significantly lower among patients whose intussusception was located in the left side of the abdomen (p < 0.01) or contained entrapped fluid (p < 0.02) or those in whom hydrostatic reduction was not performed by an experienced sonologist (p < 0.01). The presence of free peritoneal fluid was not a predictor of outcome (p > 0.1). No complications during or after hydrostatic enema were noted.Conclusions.Sonographically guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception is safe and effective. We recommend that this method be attempted before surgery is considered, even in cases in which the intussusception contains entrapped fluid or is located in the left side of the abdomen. The level of experience of the radiologist who performs the reduction significantly affects the results of this procedure and should be carefully considered, particularly in cases in which initial sonography reveals the presence of risk factors. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 30: 343–348, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jcu.10085
Adrenergic regulation of bone metabolism: Possible involvement of sympathetic innervation of osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells
Authors: Togari Akifumi 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that human osteoblastic as well as osteoclastic cells are equipped with adrenergic receptors and neuropeptide receptors and that they constitutively express diffusible axon guidance molecules that are known to function as a chemoattractant and/or chemorepellent for growing nerve fibers. These findings suggest that the extension of axons of sympathetic and peripheral sensory neurons to osteoblastic and osteoclastic cells is required for the dynamic neural regulation of local bone metabolism. Recently, bone resorption modulated by sympathetic stimulation was demonstrated to be associated with ODF (osteoclast differentiation factor) and OCIF (osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) produced by osteoblasts/stromal cells. This review summarizes the evidence implicating sympathetic neuron action in bone metabolism. The possible function of osteoclastogenesis, which could result in the initiation of sympathomimetic bone resorption, is also discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58:77–84, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Apoptosis in the mature and developing olfactory neuroepithelium
Authors: Cowan Catherine M. , Roskams A. Jane 
Published: October 2002

AbstractNeuronal apoptosis is important in the developmental sculpting of a normal nervous system and also in the loss of neurons caused by neurodegenerative disease, ischemia or trauma. In a developing embryo, exquisite mechanisms of regulation exist to balance factors that control neuronal birth and death within a given neuronal group, so that sufficient neurons develop and survive to elicit normal function. Postnatally, the only part of the mammalian nervous system where many of these regulatory balance mechanisms are retained is the olfactory epithelium (OE). During the last 30 years, researchers investigating olfactory receptor neuron cellular and developmental biology have focussed on the regeneration of the neuronal population within the olfactory neuroepithelium, following the induced death of the mature neuronal population. This body of work has thus far overshadowed the equally important and intrinsically linked phenomenon of the death of mature olfactory receptor neurons, which is required to initiate regeneration. The purpose of this review is to reveal what has been established about the different forms of cell death that can occur in neurons of the olfactory epithelium, and highlight the identified pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic pathways that control the normal and induced turnover of olfactory receptor neurons. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58:204–215, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pheromone detection by mammalian vomeronasal neurons
Authors: Zufall Frank , Kelliher Kevin R. , Leinders‐Zufall Trese 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe vomeronasal organ (VNO) of mammals plays an essential role in the perception of chemical stimuli of social nature including pheromone‐like signals but direct evidence for the transduction of pheromones by vomeronasal sensory neurons has been lacking. The recent development of electrophysiological and optical imaging methods using confocal microscopy has enabled researchers to systematically analyze sensory responses in large populations of mouse vomeronasal neurons. These experiments revealed that vomeronasal neurons are surprisingly sensitive and highly discriminative detectors of volatile, urinary metabolites that have pheromonal activity in recipient mice. Functional mapping studies of pheromone receptor activation have uncovered the basic principles of sensory processing by vomeronasal neurons and revealed striking differences in the neural mechanisms by which chemosensory information is detected by receptor neurons in the VNO and the main olfactory epithelium. These advances offer the opportunity to decipher the logic of mammalian pheromonal communication. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58:251–260, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanical performance and glycolytic requirement in trout ventricular muscle
Authors: Gesser Hans 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe glycolytic pathway seems to be coupled to the aerobic performance in mammalian cardiac muscle. Because many conditions are different in ectotherms, its influence on twitch force and resting force was recorded at 15°C in isometric ventricular preparations from rainbow trout. To reduce glycolytic activity, preparations were exposed to 0.4 mmol l−1 iodoacetate for 35 min or alternatively to 120 min anoxia in a glucose‐free solution containing 10 μmol l−1 adrenaline in an attempt to remove glycolytic substrates. The anoxic period was followed by recovery in an oxygenated solution containing aerobic substrates but no glucose. Control experiments indicated that this treatment, like iodoacetate, inhibits glycolysis, although glycogen was reduced by one half only. In fully oxygenated preparations with access to mitochondrial substrates, both attempts to reduce glycolytic activity tended to increase both resting force and the reductions in twitch force during high activity imposed by high stimulation rates and exposure to 10 μmol l−1 adrenaline. Thus, the glycolytic pathway appears to be of specific importance under aerobic conditions also in the heart of ectotherms. J. Exp. Zool. 293:360–367, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved synthesis of 13C,2H3‐ and 2H3‐salmeterol by Cs2CO3‐mediated monoalkylation of a primary amine
Authors: Molinski Tadeusz F. , Stanley Scott D. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAn abbreviated synthesis of isotopically labelled salmeterol has been achieved. The key improvement utilizes a highly selective Cs2CO3‐mediated one‐pot alkylation of benzylamine by 6‐bromo‐1‐(4′‐phenylbutoxy)hexane to prepare the limiting reagent, 6‐N‐benzylamino‐1‐(4′‐phenylbutoxy)hexane without overalkylation. The method was applied to synthesis of the title compounds in >97 at% isotopic purity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.