bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Headache of Nasal Spur Origin: an Easily Diagnosed and Surgically Correctable Cause of Facial Pain
Authors: Gerbe Ronald W. , Fry Terry L. , Fischer Newton D. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISIntranasal spur pathology is presented as an easily diagnosed and readily correctable cause of facial pain within the confines of proper diagnostic evaluation and thorough elimination of other more serious causes of facial pain and headache.
Some Benefits of High Frontalis Tension in Tension Headache Sufferers
Authors: Moran Carmen C. , Cleary Patrick J. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISAlthough the relationship between EMG levels and tension headache remains unclear, elevated frontalis EMG levels in tension headache sufferers are usually assumed to be part of the debilitating experience of headache. Elevated tension levels are seldom considered in an activation‐type framework. Consequently, headache patients are encouraged to relax in almost all situations. Two experiments were performed to examine whether tension headache sufferers showed any benefits from elevated tension levels during periods demanding a sustained level of cognitive efficiency. Headache subjects were compared with non‐headache subjects during discrimination and reaction time task performance across three levels of frontalis tension. Both groups' performance improved under increasing tension conditions relative to the low tension condition. In both experiments improvement was noted as a reduction in the most extreme scores, reflecting possible “mental blocks“. In Experiment 2 median reactions times were also affected. In Experiment I the variation in reaction time scores across the tension levels was greater in the headache group than the non‐headache group. Even when the optimal level of tension varied across task difficulty levels, low frontalis tension was never the optimal condition. It was concluded that tension headache prone individuals being treated by relaxation or biofeedback techniques need to be informed about the increased tendency towards slower responding under conditions of frontalis relaxation.
Decreased Thromboxane Production in Migraine Patients During Headache‐Free Period
Authors: Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi S. , Kääpä P. , Saukkonen A.‐L. , Viinikka L. , Ylikorkala O. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISTo study the role of the proaggregatory, vasoconstrictory thromboxane A 2 (TxA 2 ) in migraine, the plasma levels of Thromboxane B 2 (TxB 2 ), the stabile metabolite of TxA 2 , were measured from 14 adults and 8 children with migraine during the attack‐free interval. In addition, the platelets' capacity to generate TxB 2 during spontaneous clotting was studied. The plasma TxB 2 concentrations were lowered in the adult migraine patients. Also the platelets' capacity to produce TxB 2 was reduced in migraine children and in adults with classic migraine. The decreased platelet TxA 2 synthesis in the attack‐free period of migraine patients may reflect a deficient pool of platelet arachidonic acid, the precursor of TxA 2 , perhaps as a result of increased consumption during migraine attacks.
Cytosolic Ionized Calcium Homeostasis in Platelets: An Abnormal Sensitivity to PAF‐Activation in Migraine
Authors: Joseph Rajiv , Welch K.M.A. , Grunfeld S. , Oster S.B. , D'Andrea G. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISPlatelet cytosolic ionized calcium ([Cai2+]) was measured in aequorin‐loaded gel‐filtered platelets in the basel state and following stimulation with thrombin, collagen and platelet‐activating factor (PAF). 25 healthy controls, 20 interval migraine subjects and 26 acute ischemic stroke patients were studied. Compared to controls, the basal [Cai2+] was increased in migraineurs (p = 0.05) and after stimulation with PAF (p<0.03); thrombin‐ and collagen‐induced changes were similar to control. Compared to controls, basal [Cai2+] was increased in stroke patients (p<0.002); the increase in [Cai2+] after stimulation with thrombin (p<0.05), collagen (p<0.02) and PAF (p< 0.05) was also greater in stroke. Compared to migraineurs, [Cai2+] was further increased in stroke after stimulation with thrombin (p<0.002) and collagen (p<0.02); PAF‐induced changes were similar in stroke and migraine.The greater concentration of basal cytosolic ionized Ca2+ in platelets of migraine sufferers was associated with a normal response to activation by thrombin and collagen suggesting the presence of platelet hyporesponsiveness to activation by these agents in migraine sufferers. Unlike ischemic stroke patients where there is a nonspecific increase in response to platelet stimulating agents, the platelets of migraine sufferers appear to be specifically sensitive to activation by PAF suggesting that altered sensitivity to this phospholipid may be a characteristic unique to migraine sufferers.
Headache Patients As They See Themselves
Authors: Bane Dhirendra S. , Graham John R. , Spierings Egilius L.H. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate a simple technique for gaining information about the headache patient as a person. Eighty four headache patients while admitted to the hospital as in‐patients, over the past 8 years, were asked simply “to write about themselves”. The autobiographies which they eagerly supplied were amazingly frank and helpful in revealing details of their lives and feelings of a sort considered relevant to the management of the patient with headache.
Differential Changes in Receptor‐Mediated Transduction in Migraine and Cluster Headache: Studies on Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes
Authors: de Belleroche Jackie , Morris Richard , Davies P. T. G. , Rose F. Clifford 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISThe distinctive clinical features of these conditions are borne out pharmacologically where drugs used with beneficial effects in one condition may exacerbate the other. This led us to investigate whether separate interacting/antagonistic receptor‐mediated transduction systems may be affected in these conditions. Previous work in our laboratory indicated that the prostacyclin stimulation of adenylate cyclase in lymphocytes was significantly reduced in cluster headache but unaffected in migraine. Hence in this study, we investigated the polyphosphoinositide system which upon receptor activation gives rise to two second messengers, inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. The chemotactic factor stimulation of inositol phosphate production in polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) was used as the assay system. The maximum response was obtained at approximately 0.1μM chemotactic factor (EC50=13nM for control subjects). Female migraineurs (9 non‐smokers) were compared with a matched group of controls and found to have a significantly reduced PMN response to chemotactic factor stimulation (42% of control at 0.1 μM) while male cluster headache patients (7 smokers) showed a response slightly greater than a matched group of controls (male smokers). Interestingly, cluster headache patients undergoing lithium treatment showed a significantly reduced response (39% of the control response at 0.1 μM chemotactic factor). This indicates that lithium may have its beneficial effect in cluster headache by suppressing an overactive polyphosphoinositide system while being of little benefit in migraine where a substantial depression is already evident. Appropriate targetting of drugs to these transduction systems may offer a useful basis for treatment.
Hemiplegic Migraine in Pregnancy
Authors: Mandel Steven 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISHemiplegic migraine during pregnancy is a ram occurrence, and recovery is usually spontaneous and complete. The presence of motor and sensory deficits with migraine should prompt the obstetrician to investigate for more serious neurological conditions.The literature contains few case reports of hemiplegic migraine during pregnancy. This paper discusses two case histories.
Impaired Cardiovascular Reflexes in Cluster Headache and Migraine Patients: Evidence for an Autonomic Dysfunction
Authors: Boiardi A. , Munari L. , Milanesi I. , Paggetta C. , Lamperti E. , Bussone G. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISTo investigate autonomic nervous system involvement in cluster headache (CH) and migraine, we compared the cardiovascular reflex responses of common migraine and CH subjects to a group of controls. A battery of 5 well‐codified autonomic tests was applied: (1) deep breathing test (DB); (2) lying to standing test (LS); (3) Valsalva manoeuvre (VAL); (4) postural hypotension test (PH); (5) blood pressure response to sustained handgrip (SHG). Our data confirm an autonomic dysfunction in CH, mainly affecting the parasympathetic system. Evidence for an impairment of sympathetic cardiovascular reflex regulation was obtained in the common migraine group.
Are There Objective Criteria to Follow Up Migrainous Patients? A Prospective Study with Thermography and Evoked Potentials
Authors: Volta G. Dalla , Anzola G. P. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISEight patients with common migraine (CM), 9 with classic migraine (CLM), 5 with cluster headache (CH), and 10 with muscle contraction headache (MCH) were evaluated, before and after treatment, using electronic thermography of face (T.T.) and visual evoked potentials (V.E.R).In the 10 MCH's the T.T. and V.E.P. findings were comparable to those obtained from ten control subjects.In the three remaining groups we obtained the following results: Before therapy eighteen out of the 22 vascular headache patients showed a positive “cold patch” in the external carotid territory, ipsilateral to the prevailing side of pain. After six months on therapy the “cold patch” had disappeared or was attenuated in all the patients, who concomitantly had clinical improvement.Ten out of the 22 patients (all CH's, 5 out of 9 CLM, no CM) presented in the baseline condition an asymmetry in V.E.P.s (hemifield stimulation). After six months the asymmetry persisted in only 4 patients.The evidence supports a valid temporal relationship between the clinical improvement and the modification in T.T. and V.E.P.s findings in CLM and CH. In CM there is a relationship between clinical course and T.T. but not V.E.P.s.
Idiopathic Headaches: A Neuropsychological and Computerized Electromyographic Study
Authors: Formisano R. , Buzzi M. G. , Cerbo R. , Frascarelli M. , Meco G. , Sabatini U. , Rocchi L. , Agnoli A. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISConsiderable disagreement is found in the literature regarding the correlations between the degree of the electromyographically recorded tension of the head and cervical muscles, and muscle contraction headache.31 patients were admitted to the study and divided into 3 groups according to the diagnostic criteria of Ad Hoc Committee: vascular headache, muscle tension and mixed headache, in addition to 5 control subjects. The EMG recording was carried out with superficial electrodes on neck muscles during rest conditions (base EMG), under stress conditions (stress EMG), and finally during isometric contraction against resistance (max EMG).The exclusion from the study of patients with clinical characteristics definable as “psychogenic” headaches made it possible to obtain a homogeneous sample of patients with the diagnosis of muscle tension headache.Higher values of muscle tension in the group of patients suffering from muscle tension headache as compared to other groups of patients and to control subjects were found.
Childhood Muscle Contraction Headache: Current Issues in Assessment and Treatment
Authors: Labbé Elise E. 
Published: August 2005

SYNOPSISMost of the psychological and medical literature on childhood headache focuses on migraine headache. Very little research exists on the assessment and treatment of muscle‐contraction (MCH) in children. The present paper reviews current ideas on what constitutes a MCH in children, pathophysiology, prevalence, and assessment and treatment approaches. The medical and psychological literature indicates childhood MCH is similar to adult MCH. MCH is believed to be caused by psychological or stress‐related factors; however, only a few studies have addressed this issue with children. Questions remain as to what psychological factors to assess, and the best approach with children. Difficulties exist in obtaining reliable accounts of stressful events as well as headache symptoms. Pain diaries or questionnaires completed during the head pain may prove useful. Several studies have evaluated the use of EMG biofeedback and/or relaxation training with children MCH sufferers. Results are encouraging but methodological shortcomings prohibit firm conclusions. It is concluded that further research with childhood MCH is warranted in order to obtain a more complete medical and psychological understanding. Furthermore, this information is useful in differential diagnosis and for effective intervention in a chronic pain condition.
Canine Hypophysectomy Using a Ventral Paramedian Approach
Authors: Axlund Todd W. , Behrend Ellen N. , Sorjonen Don C. , Simpson Stephen T. , Kemppainen Robert J. 
Published: August 2005

Objective—To evaluate the degree of pituitary exposure, completeness of hypophysectomy, and perioperative morbidity associated with an alternative paramedian surgical approach and excisional technique for the canine pituitary gland.Study Design—Experimental imaging, surgical, and endocrinologic study.Animal Population—Nine healthy, purpose‐bred Beagle dogs.Methods—Surgical landmarks for the pituitary were determined by computed tomography (CT), and then using a ventral paramedian approach medial to the rami of the mandible, the pituitary was exposed and removed en bloc by manipulation and ultrasonic aspiration. Efficacy of the procedure was evaluated using endocrinologic and pathologic observation.Results—CT images allowed the precise location of surgical landmarks for hypophysectomy. Statistically significant decreases in secretion of all measured pituitary hormones except adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) occurred after hypophysectomy. Despite the absence of gross evidence of residual pituitary tissue, immunohistochemical staining revealed residual pituitary cells in the sella turcica of most dogs.Conclusion—CT imaging and a paramedian approach facilitated surgical access to the pituitary gland by a transoral technique; however, use of an ultrasonic aspirator removed all visible pituitary glands but left cellular remnants capable of ACTH secretion in the sella turcica.Clinical Relevance—Although this technique did not result in complete hypophysectomy, clinical use in dogs with pituitary‐dependent hyperadrenocorticism is warranted because the goal is not complete hypophysectomy but removal of a pituitary tumor.
Early Detection and Treatment of Screw Loosening in Triple Pelvic Osteotomy
Authors: Bogoni Paolo , Rovesti Gian Luca 
Published: August 2005

Objective—To detect early screw loosening in triple pelvic osteotomy (TPO) and to evaluate the efficacy of retightening using fluoroscopic guidance and minimally invasive surgery to maintain acetabular alignment and achieve bone healing.Study Design—Prospective clinical study.Sample Population—Sixteen dogs that had TPO.Methods—Dogs (16) had TPO (21) by using pre‐angled plates secured with 3.5 and 4.0 mm screws, with ischiatic or iliac cerclage, for osteosynthesis. In all but 1 TPO at least 1 screw was inserted into the sacral body (43 screws). The mean radiographic screw length inserted in the sacrum was 10.2 mm, and the mean percent sacral engagement was 22%. Dogs were examined clinically and radiographically immediately postoperatively, and at 10, 30, 60, and 90 days to evaluate screw position. Loose screws were retightened through stab incisions using fluoroscopy to locate the screw.Results—TPO was performed without operative complications. At 10 days, 12 TPOs (57%; 11 dogs) had loose screws primarily located in the cranial aspect of the plate. This represented 20% (25) of the inserted screws. In 5 dogs, screw loosening resulted in medial rotation of the acetabular segment. All loose screws were retightened; 3 screws loosened again in 2 dogs and were detected at 60 days. However, the osteotomies healed with the planned acetabular rotation without further intervention. Screw tightening corrected the acetabular segment displacement. Screws correctly seated at 10 days did not subsequently loosen. Clinical and radiographic outcome was judged excellent in all dogs.Conclusion—Loose screws in TPO plates can be identified by 10 days postoperatively and retightened using fluoroscopic guidance to achieve acetabular realignment and healing without need for further surgery.Clinical Relevance—Postoperative radiographic evaluation of screw position at 10 days after TPO is recommended to detect loose screws. Retightening loose screws should be considered as an alternative to TPO revision or confinement, especially in immature dogs.
Proximal Tibial Intraarticular Ostectomy for Treatment of Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Jerram Richard M. , Walker Alex M. , Warman Chris G. A. 
Published: August 2005

Objective—To report a technique for surgical alteration of the slope of the tibial plateau by a proximal tibial intraarticular ostectomy (PTIO) after injury to the canine cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and to determine the outcome.Study Design—Prospective clinical study.Animals—Dogs (n=52) with CCL injury in 60 stifle joints.Methods—CCL injury was treated by lateral stifle arthrotomy, removal of CCL remnants, and appropriate meniscal surgery. PTIO was performed to remove a wedge of bone from the proximal aspect of the tibia. The ostectomy site was reduced and stabilized using a bone plate and screws applied to the medial surface of the tibia as well as a craniocaudal positional screw. Dogs were evaluated at 6 weeks, 6, and 12 months by complication assessment, lameness scores, stifle range of motion (ROM), thigh circumference, radiographic assessment, degenerative joint disease (DJD) scores, and surgeon and owner evaluation of function.Results—Lameness scores improved by 6 and 12 months in all but 1 dog. Thigh circumference and DJD were increased at 6 and 12 months. Complications occurred in 20% of dogs with all but 1 occurring perioperatively or within 6 weeks; most common were injury to the long digital extensor tendon (4 dogs) and plate failure (3); 2 other dogs required surgery to treat complications. Most owners (98%) reported that lameness had improved by 12 months; 90% were extremely or very satisfied with the procedure and 90% would have the same procedure performed on another dog.Conclusion—PTIO to level the tibial plateau provided a satisfactory clinical outcome in dogs >20 kg with CCL injury and the complication rate was similar to tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO). Stifle osteoarthritis continued to progress radiographically.Clinical Relevance—PTIO represents an alternative to TPLO that does not require specialized surgical equipment.
Modification of the Superficial Cervical Axial Pattern Skin Flap for Oral Reconstruction
Authors: Dundas James M. , Fowler J. David , Shmon Cindy L. , Clapson J. Brian 
Published: August 2005

Objective—To describe an extended pedicle flap based on the superficial cervical artery (SCA) for closure of oral defects in dogs.Study Design—Anatomic study; in vivo experimental study.Animals—Canine cadavers (13) and 3 dogs.Methods—The prescapular branch of the SCA was cannulated and perfused with a lead oxide gelatin mixture. The area perfused by 1 SCA was examined as was the rostral extent of the flap. Staged implantation was performed to evaluate flap performance in vivo. In stage 1, the flap was prepared for implantation into the oral cavity. In stage 2, the flap was fully developed to include the 1°, 2°, and partial 3° angiosome of 1 SCA pedicle. The flap was transposed by a bridging incision and a parapharyngeal tunnel into the oral cavity. The flap was used to reconstruct a partial‐thickness defect created in the palate.Results—The territory of the contralateral SCA was captured in all cadavers. The full flap reached the level of the canine teeth in all cadavers. In live dogs, necrosis was not observed after implantation into partial‐thickness defects and dehiscence was minimal. Loss of pliability secondary to de‐epithelialization and staging resulted in a limitation of rostral reach of the flap.Conclusions—Whereas the flaps did not reach as far rostrally as anticipated, they survived well in the harsh oral environment. The flap may be modified to reconstruct full‐thickness palatal defects.Clinical Relevance—The extended SCA pattern flap may be adapted for closure of oral defects.
Tolerance of Cutaneous or Mucosal Flaps Placed into a Radiation Therapy Field in Dogs
Authors: Séguin Bernard , Mcdonald Dawn E. , Kent Michael S. , Walsh Peter J. , Théon Alain P. 
Published: August 2005

Objective— To determine the clinical outcome and factors affecting cutaneous or mucosal flaps in dogs treated with radiation therapy (RT).Study Design— Longitudinal clinical studyAnimals— Twenty‐six client‐owned dogsMethods— Dogs entered in the study had a flapping procedure and RT as part of their treatment. The sequence of flapping and RT included: (1) planned preoperative RT, (2) postoperative RT, and (3) flapping as a salvage procedure for management of complications or local tumor recurrence after RT. Flap complications were defined as necrosis, local infection, dehiscence, and ulceration. The risk and severity of flap complication were analyzed independently.Results— Twenty (77%) dogs had a complication; 6 dogs required an additional flapping procedure; and 4 dogs had an unresolved complication. Flapping procedures performed to correct a complication, or failure of RT, had a significantly greater risk for complication; however, postoperative RT decreased the severity of complication. A dose per fraction of 4 Gy compared with 3 Gy was prognostic for increased severity of complications, whereas the head and neck location was prognostic for decreased severity of complication.Conclusions— Although morbidity was substantial, cutaneous or mucosal flaps were used successfully in an RT field in 85% of the dogs. Flaps that were part of the planned therapy as opposed to those used to correct a complication or failure of RT had a better clinical outcome.Clinical Relevance— Cutaneous or mucosal flaps can be part of the treatment of dogs with tumor when adjuvant or neoadjuvant RT is to be used.
Evaluation of 2 Cement Techniques for Augmentation of Stripped 1.5 mm Screw Sites in the Distal Metaphysis of Feline Radii
Authors: Griffon Dominique J. , Stoller Alex , Schaeffer David J. , Seddighi Mohamed R. , Johnson Ann L. , Kurath Peter 
Published: August 2005

Objective—To evaluate the effect of 2 cement augmentation techniques on pullout strength of 1.5 mm screws placed in stripped 1.5 mm screw sites in the distal metaphysis of feline radii.Study Design—Experimental study.Sample Population—Feline radii (21 pairs).Methods—Treatment groups (n=4) were allocated according to a Latin square design to 4 sites in each pair of radii. Positive and negative controls were a 1.5 mm screw and a screw of the same diameter in a previously stripped screw hole, respectively. Treatment groups were a 1.5 mm screw implanted in a previously stripped screw hole after injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or a bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement (CPC, Norian®skeletal repair system (SRS)). The ultimate pullout strength was compared between groups.Results—The mean (±SEM) pullout strength of screws augmented with either bone cement was less than that of the positive control group and greater than that of the negative control. Injection of CPC or PMMA before screw implantation increased the pullout strength of the negative control by 86.8±22.9% and 104.1±32.1%, respectively. Holding power of the positive control screws differed from these 2 groups, and was 274.8±39.17% higher than that of the negative control.Conclusion—Injection of CPC or PMMA increases but does not restore the holding power of stripped 1.5 mm diameter screws.Clinical Relevance—The use of CPC (Norian®SRS) augmentation of stripped 1.5 mm diameter screws warrants clinical investigation as it combines biomechanical results similar to PMMA with osteoconduction and resorbability.