bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Developmental Connections: Sleep Patterns, Self‐Locomotion, and Vocabulary Growth in Early Childhood
Authors: Belia Margherita , Vihman Marilyn , Keren‐Portnoy Tamar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCurrent research indicates likely developmental connections between the evolution of sleep patterns, motor skills progression, and the expansion of vocabulary. These connections are grounded in the well‐established role of sleep in memory and learning, as well as in the cascading effects on language development of the acquisition of new motor skills. However, no study has so far undertaken a comprehensive and systematic examination of these connections or explored their developmental trajectory over time. Yet understanding vocabulary development depends on considering development in the sleep regulation and motor domains, to provide a biologically grounded explanation of how early lexicons are built and strengthened. This study investigates the links between vocabulary growth and two significant changes occurring over the first 2 years of life: self‐initiated locomotion and the consolidation of overnight sleep. Our results reveal mutual associations between these domains, which tend to emerge during periods of marked developmental change in language, motor skills, and sleep patterns regulation. Moreover, these associations were observed to change over time, suggesting dynamic interconnections between these developmental domains. Our findings point toward the importance of investigating vocabulary development from a dynamic systems perspective, as the product of continuous interactions between cognition, the body and the environment.
Snare‐Assisted Flexion of 27‐French Leadless Pacemaker Delivery Sheath: A Case Report
Authors: Shah Hemal , Winner Marshall , Patel Dilesh , Gandhi Gaurang , Canterbury Ann , Athar Muhammad Waqas , Daoud Emile G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionA leadless pacemaker (LLPM) was recommended for a patient with intermittent complete heart block and near‐syncope.Methods and ResultsDelivery of LLPM is through a large sheath that has limited deflection and steerability. This report describes the successful deployment of a ventricular LLPM in a patient with prior surgical correction of AV septal defect with subsequent significant right atrial enlargement. The LLPM could not traverse the tricuspid valve. A snare was advanced to the right atrium and used to create greater tip deflection of the delivery sheath. Importantly, once the delivery sheath crosses the tricuspid valve, the snare is loosened to allow directing the sheath to the right ventricular septum rather than the initial direction that was toward the right ventricular apex. The ventricular LLPM was successfully fixated.ConclusionIn the presence of complex anatomy, deployment of a LLPM delivery sheath can be facilitated with use of a snare to assist with increased deflection then subsequent guidance to the preferred right ventricular location of the septum.
Permanent Left Bundle Branch Area DF‐4 Defibrillator Lead Implantation—Feasibility, Procedural Caveats, Safety, and Follow‐Up
Authors: Ghosh Anindya , Sriram Chenni S. , Manu Nibin , Sankaradas Mullasari Ajit , Upadhyay Gaurav M. , Pandurangi Ulhas M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPermanent implantation of a DF‐4 implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) lead in the left bundle branch area (LBBA‐ICD) is the next paradigm in amalgamating cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and defibrillation. We systematically investigated feasibility/success rate, procedural caveats, and complications associated with a permanent DF‐4 LBBA ICD implant and pertinent data at short‐term follow‐up.MethodsWe prospectively attempted implantation of 7 Fr Durata (Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA) single coil DF‐4 ICD lead at the LBBA using a fixed‐curve non‐deflectable CPS locator delivery sheath. Standard criteria defined LBBA capture. Relevant sensing/pacing, defibrillation, radiographic, and echocardiographic parameters testing were recorded at implant, discharge and 5‐month follow‐up.ResultsWe enrolled 12 consecutive cardiac device‐naïve patients (median age 67.5 years, male 91.7%, median LVEF 30%, median septal thickness 9 mm, median QRS duration 140 ms, class I CRT indication 58.3%, primary prevention ICD indication 75%). Minor complications (two transeptal perforations and one micro‐dislodgment) were noted in 3/12 (25%) patients. Successful permanent LBBA ICD implant with adequate sensing/pacing was achieved in 9/12 (75%) subjects. Sustained ventricular fibrillation (VF) was inducible in 7/9 patients with successful implants with effective sensing and defibrillation in all. Follow‐up device‐related and echocardiographic parameters were similar at discharge and 5‐month follow‐up.ConclusionPermanent DF‐4 LBBA ICD implant is feasible and successful in 75% of patients with an indication for ICD. With dedicated toolkits, higher volumes, and an obligate learning curve, the higher‐than‐expected frequency (25%) of minor complications may be ameliorated. Short‐term data regarding lead and selected RV parameters remained favorable.
Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for heart failure in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective analysis of the J‐DREAMS database
Authors: Ohsugi Mitsuru , Nitta Daisuke , Naito Yusuke , Ueki Kohjiro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for heart failure (HF) among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis, using J‐DREAMS database, was conducted from December 2015 to January 2020 with type 2 diabetes. The primary objectives were to describe patient characteristics stratified by HF history at baseline and new HF events during follow‐up. The secondary objectives were to clarify the association between HF history or new HF events and clinical characteristics. The association between renal disease stage and HF was also studied.ResultsAmong 18,250 adult patients with type 2 diabetes, 3,613 (19.8%) patients had HF history and the mean age was 68.46 years, predominantly male (66.4%) with 13.32 years of mean duration of type 2 diabetes. Patients with HF history had a higher proportion of patients with nephropathy (51.2%) and coronary heart disease (55.6%) than those without HF history. Coronary heart disease (CHD) and deteriorating renal function were strongly associated with both HF history (CHD adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 7.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.05–9.08; eGFR G5 stage adjusted OR: 6.56, 95% CI: 2.97–14.49) and new HF events (CHD adjusted OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.17–2.29; eGFR G4 stage adjusted OR: 3.42, 95% CI: 1.81–6.47).ConclusionsComorbidities, especially CHD and deteriorating renal function, were strongly associated with HF history and new HF events among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. The study results suggested the importance of early intervention to treat comorbidities and maintain renal function.
Proteomic Analysis Reveal Differential Protein Expressions of Bacillus cereus Spore Under Electrolyzed Water Treatment
Authors: Chen Yi , Qi Yajin , Wang Wenjun , Zhou Jianwei , Liu Donghong , Lv Ruiling 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn order to uncover the molecular regulatory mechanisms of spore inactivation under electrolyzed water (EW), the overall regulation of proteins of Bacillus cereus spores was investigated by the data‐independent‐acquisition method. It was found that there was a remarkable difference in the expression of 164 proteins in 30 min after exposure to 30 ppm acid electrolyzed water, including 131 downregulated and 33 upregulated proteins. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly enriched in the cytoplasm and the cytoplasmic membrane. Besides, the protein expressions related to a series of crucial biomolecular processes were influenced by electrolyzed water, including carbohydrate metabolism, transportation, and energy metabolism. DEPs involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle were 18 downregulated after EW treatment, including the key enzymes. Moreover, the ability of both carbohydrate catabolism and energy production of spores decreased after EW treatment. Key proteins of the phosphotransferase system were upregulated, indicating that EW enhanced carbohydrate transportation and phosphorylation. These results presented novel insights into the interactions between electrolyzed water conversion and cellular metabolism at the pathway and network levels. This work focused on the molecular mechanisms of the B. cereus spores under EW stress, clarified the key proteins that played a critical role in spores under environmental stress, and revealed the inactivation mechanism of EW to B. cereus spores.
Impact of Positive Glucose, Lactose, and Fructose Hydrogen Breath Tests on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Loo Qing Yuan , Chuah Kee Huat , Hian Wen Xuan , Khoo Xin Hui , Lee Yeong Yeh , Mahadeva Sanjiv 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGas production due to fermentation from fructose malabsorption (FM) or lactose malabsorption (LM) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) contribute to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the impact of the carbohydrate malabsorption, unlike SIBO, is relatively unknown.MethodologyA multicenter, prospective study of consecutive adults with IBS who underwent a hydrogen breath test (HBT) (glucose, 75 g; lactose, 25 g; or fructose, 25 g) was conducted. The proportion of patients who tested positive for glucose, fructose and lactose HBT were evaluated. The symptom severity, psychology, and quality of life of subjects with SIBO were compared with those having LM and/or FM. Independent factors associated with severe IBS (IBS‐symptom severity scale: IBS‐SSS > 300) were explored.ResultsA total of 116 subjects were included (median age 56 years, male 35.3%). Of these, 23.3% (27/116), 85.7% (24/28), and 44.4% (16/36) of them tested positive for glucose, lactose, and fructose HBT, respectively. Among those with a positive HBT (n = 65), patients with SIBO were more likely to have the diarrhea‐predominant subtype of IBS (77.8% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.014). Severe IBS was associated with SIBO, compared with LM/FM (SIBO: 36.4% vs. LM: 9.1%/FM 13.3%, p = 0.016). With multivariate analysis, SIBO (OR 5.25, p = 0.028) and depression (OR 5.59, p = 0.030) were independently associated with severe IBS.ConclusionAlthough LM and FM commonly co‐exist in IBS, their clinical relevance appears to be less significant than that of SIBO. The connection between SIBO with depression reinforces the importance of the microbiome–gut–brain axis in IBS.
Enhancing surface energy and characterizing optical properties of ultra‐high translucency zirconia via an innovative heat treatment process
Authors: Kang Chien‐Ming , Wu Sheng‐Han , Feng Sheng‐Wei , Wei Chenxuan , Peng Tzu‐Yu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeUltra‐high translucency zirconia (UT‐Zr) is known for its high esthetic quality; however, its inert surface results in low hydrophilicity and surface energy (SE). To address this limitation, this study proposes an innovative zirconia heat treatment process (ZHTP) and aims to evaluate the effects of ZHTP on the surface characteristics of UT‐Zr, offering a novel and practical approach for surface pretreatment in dental practice.Material and MethodsThe plate‐shaped UT‐Zr samples were fabricated. After sintering, the samples without additional staining or polishing were divided into the following nine groups: NT (no additional pretreatment), AB (airborne‐particle abrasion), PL (nonthermal plasma), PO (polishing), HPO (fine‐polishing), NTH (treat with ZHTP), POPL (PL followed by PO), POH (ZHTP followed by PO), and HPOH (ZHTP followed by HPO). The surface roughness (Ra), microstructure, transmittance, glossiness, wettability, and SE of the samples (n = 10), and statistical analyses were conducted.ResultsAB showed the highest Ra and lowest glossiness (P < 0.05), while HPO and HPOH yielded the smoothest surfaces, with HPOH achieving the highest glossiness (P < 0.05). Although the ZHTP approach slightly improved transmittance, it did not affect the microstructure. PO reduced hydrophilicity and SE (P < 0.05), and HPO slightly increased them. PL significantly enhanced both properties (P < 0.05), and ZHTP also increased them (P < 0.05) to levels similar to PL. Notably, hydrophilicity in nonthermal plasma and ZHTP‐treated samples decreased similarly after 24 h.ConclusionsThe ZHTP approach enhances UT‐Zr wettability and SE, with slight transmittance improvement. HPOH achieves hydrophilicity and SE comparable to PL, validating ZHTP as a promising strategy for UT‐Zr surface optimization in dental applications.
A new model‐based approach for estimating rural hospital markets
Authors: Malone Tyler L. , Pink George H. , Holmes George M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo provide a new approach for defining rural hospital markets.MethodsFirst, we estimated models of hospital choice. We defined hospitals in the choice set using nationwide hospital data from the Healthcare Cost Report Information System (HCRIS). We modeled hospital choice using conditional logit regression and 2019 Medicare Fee‐for‐Service (FFS) claims data from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Virtual Research Data Center. Next, we calculated estimated inpatient and emergency department utilization by patient ZIP code. We then estimated the total Medicare FFS volume for each hospital as well as the percent of each hospital's volume attributable to each ZIP code. We sorted ZIP codes by the patient volume attributable to the given hospital (from most volume to least volume) and then added ZIP codes to the market until at least 50% of the hospital's total patient volume was represented.FindingsThe average rural hospital market included three ZIP codes, an estimated population total of 37,221, and an estimated 5385 Medicare FFS beneficiaries. Furthermore, the average rural hospital had an estimated market share of 29%. A lower estimated market population was found for Critical Access Hospitals, hospitals unaffiliated with a system, hospitals with a smaller number of acute beds, and hospitals with fewer staff.ConclusionsWe developed a new approach for defining rural hospital markets. This approach can be used to inform health services researchers, policymakers, and communities about key market predictors of rural hospital financial distress, populations adversely affected by rural hospital closure, and more.
Impact of delirium on post‐discharge mortality in coronary care unit patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Hong‐Bo , Shu Min , Wu Jia‐Jun , Li Rui‐Fa , Lin Xiao‐Hua , Zhang Hai‐Gang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundCoronary care unit (CCU) patients surviving to discharge still face significant mortality. Delirium is common in CCU patients and has been associated with poorer CCU and in‐hospital outcomes.AimTo assess the association between delirium and mortality after hospital discharge in CCU survivors.Study DesignThis was a retrospective observational study that included patients admitted to CCU. All data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The exposure was delirium during CCU stay. The primary outcome was mortality 180 days after hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes included post‐hospital discharge mortality at 90 days, length of CCU and hospital stays, and hospital discharge disposition.ResultsOf the 3609 CCU patients included, 891 were considered delirium‐positive during their CCU stay. Delirium was associated with an increased risk of mortality at 180 days after hospital discharge (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08–1.64). Similar results were observed for 90‐day post‐discharge mortality (adjusted HR,1.43; 95% CI, 1.13–1.83). CCU patients who experienced delirium had longer stays in both the CCU and hospital (adjusted β, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.79–2.43 and 3.87; 95% CI, 3.06–4.69, respectively). They were also more likely to require nursing care after hospital discharge (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% CI, 1.22–2.22).ConclusionDelirium during CCU stay was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality up to 180 days in CCU patients who survived hospital discharge.Relevance to Clinical PracticeDelirium places CCU patients at a higher risk of post‐discharge mortality and increased health care resource requirements. Given the high prevalence of delirium in CCU patients and its significantly deleterious impact on both short‐term and long‐term post‐discharge mortality, nurses and physicians should enhance the post‐discharge management of patients who experience delirium in order to improve prognosis. This also highlights the importance of preventing and managing delirium during hospitalization.
Abiotic Stress‐Induced Chloroplast and Cytosolic Ca2+ Dynamics in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Pivato Matteo , Costa Alex , Wheeler Glen , Ballottari Matteo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCalcium (Ca2+)‐dependent signalling plays a well‐characterised role in the perception and response mechanisms to environmental stimuli in plant cells. In the context of a constantly changing environment, it is fundamental to understand how crop yield and microalgal biomass productivity are affected by external factors. Ca2+ signalling is known to be important in different physiological processes in microalgae but many of these signal transduction pathways still need to be characterised. Here, compartment‐specific Ca2+ dynamics were monitored in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells in response to environmental stressors, such as nutrient availability, osmotic stress, temperature fluctuations and carbon sensing. An in vivo single‐cell imaging approach was adopted to directly visualise changes of Ca2+ concentrations at the level of specific subcellular compartments, using C. reinhardtii lines expressing a genetically encoded ratiometric Ca2+ indicator. Hyper‐osmotic shock caused cytosolic and chloroplast Ca2+ elevations, whereas high temperature and inorganic carbon availability primarily induced Ca2+ transients in the chloroplast. In contrast, hypo‐osmotic stress only induced Ca2+ elevations in the cytosol. The results herein reported show that in Chlamydomonas cells compartment‐specific Ca2+ transients are closely related to specific external environmental stimuli, providing useful guidance for studying signal transduction mechanisms exploited by microalgae to respond to specific natural conditions.
Public Health Simulation‐Infused Program (PHSIP) for Nursing Education
Authors: Hill Peggy P. , Anderson Mindi , Peralta Heather , Díaz Desiree A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionRecent health crises, like COVID‐19, have increased the need for nurses with public health competencies, but students lack knowledge and are unconvinced of the importance of the field.MethodsPre‐licensure nursing students (n = 341) engaged with a public health simulation‐infused program (PHSIP) that scaffolded throughout the curriculum. Public health knowledge was tested pre‐ and post‐simulation‐based education (SBE), and the simulation effectiveness tool‐modified (SET‐M) was used to evaluate Learners’ perception of the SBE experience.ResultsLearners’ overall mean SET‐M scores were 47.1/57 (83%), ranging from 49.5 to 54 out of 57. Post‐test knowledge scores were found to be significantly higher than pre‐test (p < 0.001), with an average overall mean knowledge score of 70% (±0.25) and an effect size of 0.82.DiscussionScaffolding public health SBEs across the curriculum allowed continuous exposure to public health content. Lessons learned include the need to chunk pre‐SBE training to prevent cognitive overload, and the time and resources needed to create a PHSIP.ConclusionNursing educators should embrace the PHSIP curriculum to provide an opportunity for students to gain an appreciation for the field and gain the knowledge, skills, and resources needed to care for the public's health.
Psychosocial problems observed in older adults after disaster
Authors: Güngörmüş Zeynep , Özgüç Safiye 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNatural disasters are large‐scale catastrophic events that seriously disrupt the functioning of a community or society. The frequency and severity of disasters are increasing and involve widespread human, material, economic, or environmental impacts that exceed the ability of the society affected by them to cope using its resources. In addition, disasters significantly affect the physical, emotional, and psychological health of individuals and cause numerous deaths, injuries, and economic losses. One of the most vulnerable groups to the negative effects of disasters is the elderly. The increase in the elderly population worldwide brings with it the problems specific to this period and the service needs for these problems. The population consists of older adults, who are among the most vulnerable groups to the negative effects of natural disasters. During the social traumatisation process triggered by natural disasters, elderly people experience intense feelings of anxiety, fear, anger, helplessness, loneliness, hopelessness, futurelessness, and insecurity. Reactions such as unresponsiveness, alienation, inability to focus, and inability to remember are normal during this process. The normality of these feelings and responses in the acute period, which can last up to 3 months, will give way to abnormality unless the necessary physical and psychosocial conditions are provided. When the necessary psychosocial conditions are not provided, elderly individuals who experience a disaster may experience mental problems such as post‐traumatic stress disorder, depression, somatisation disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders. In this context, providing the necessary psychosocial support for older adults to cope with psychosocial problems after a disaster and facilitating access to this support is very important in terms of adapting to the post‐disaster period.
Computing 3‐Step Theory of Suicide Factor Scores From Veterans Health Administration Clinical Progress Notes
Authors: Meerwijk Esther L. , Shotqara Asqar S. , Finlay Andrea K. , Reeves Ruth M. , Tamang Suzanne R. , Ilgen Mark A. , Harris Alex H. S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiterature on how to translate information extracted from clinical progress notes into numeric scores for 3‐step theory of suicide (3ST) factors is nonexistent. We determined which scoring option would best discriminate between patients who will attempt or die by suicide and patients with neither suicidal ideation nor attempts, and we tested hypotheses related to the 3ST.MethodsWe used terminology‐driven natural language processing (NLP) to extract information from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) clinical progress notes. Counts of those extractions served as input to evaluate candidate scoring options for each 3ST factor (psychological pain, hopelessness, connectedness, capability for suicide). Logistic regression models adjusted for common demographic characteristics were used to test the 3ST hypotheses.ResultsOptimal contrasts between groups were obtained with P − A for psychological pain, hopelessness, and capability for suicide, and for connectedness, where P and A, respectively, indicate the patient‐level number of extractions indicating presence and absence of the factor.LimitationsAdditional research is necessary to verify whether our conclusions hold in a cohort that is more reflective of the general VHA population.ConclusionTerminology‐driven 3ST factor scores discriminate patients who attempt or die by suicide from patients without suicidal ideation or attempts. Our results corroborate the validity of the 3ST for VHA patients.