bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value of homocysteine levels for pregnancy outcomes in PCOS women: A retrospective study
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhang Xiaozuo , Guan Guixue , Wang Yuhuan , Sun Qian , Yuan Guangwei , Zhu Zuobin , Yang Wen , Han Conghui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) poses a challenge in reproductive medicine, particularly in understanding the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in its pathogenesis, especially among women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Objective
We aimed to assess the predictive value of homocysteine (HCY) levels for pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.
Materials and Methods
A consecutive series of PCOS-diagnosed patients participated in this prospective study. Pregnancy outcomes were collected prospectively. Women with PCOS were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 67) experienced RPL, while Group II (n = 162) had successful live births. Group I was further categorized into subgroups A and B based on insulin resistance status. Basic participant information and serum HCY levels were recorded. A logistic regression model was constructed, with model selection based on Akaike information criteria (AIC) using backward stepwise selection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate model sensitivity and specificity. Optimal cut points for predicted probabilities were determined using the Youden index. Model performance was assessed using five-fold cross-validation, repeated ten times.
Results
Patients without live births were more likely to have a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (78% vs. 22%, p < 0.05). They also exhibited higher baseline HCY levels (7.7 vs. 6.85, p < 0.05) compared to those with live births. Univariate logistic regression revealed significant associations between live birth and adverse pregnancy history and HCY levels. Backward stepwise selection identified adverse pregnancy history (odds ratio [OR] = 12.92, 95% CI: 6.46–27.40, p = 3.89×10− 12), insulin resistance (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.04–4.26, p = 0.041), and HCY (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.09–1.68, p = 0.008) as important predictors of live birth. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.839, indicating strong discrimination ability. The optimal cut point for predicted probabilities, determined by the Youden index, was 0.258, resulting in a sensitivity of 0.772 and specificity of 0.806.
Conclusion
This study underscores the predictive value of homocysteine levels in assessing pregnancy outcomes among women with PCOS. Combining homocysteine levels with medical history and insulin resistance status serves as a robust predictor of live birth outcomes.
Dihydrolactate dehydrogenase (DHODH) may be a potential drug target for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a bioinformatics analysis based on mitochondria-related genes
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Gu Wenbo , Luo Di , Zhu Xi , Yuan Haifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective: To explore mitochondrial metabolism-related genes as potential hub genes in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and their associated molecular regulatory mechanisms, and to predict potential drug targets.
Methods: Based on the mRNA-Seq data of mitochondrial metabolism genes and LDH from public databases, the hub genes were screened and their biological functions were investigated using LASSO regression analysis, support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and random forest (RF). Then, the immune profile of osteoporosis was detected based on the CIBERSORT algorithm to study the immune cell infiltration of the hub genes. The diagnostic model Nomogram risk prediction model is constructed and the effect is evaluated. Finally, potential drug targets were obtained and validated by molecular docking through drug database.
Results: 4 hub genes were obtained:DHODH,BAK1,TIMM17B and TIMM23. The results of GO analysis mainly include mitochondrial function and composition,macromolecular transport such as Bcl-2 family proteins,heat shock protein binding,etc. KEGG pathway is mainly involved in multi-species apoptosis pathway,thyroid cancer,pyrimidine metabolism,etc. These four hub genes have correlation with a variety of immune cells, as well as constructing a diagnostic model with good diagnostic efficacy. Finally, through drug database screening and molecular docking validation, DHODH was found to have a potential role in the treatment of LDH by affecting pyrimidine metabolism.
CONCLUSION: DHODH, BAK1, TIMM17B, and TIMM23 are hub genes associated with mitochondrial metabolism in LDH. They act on LDH through multiple pathways and may be hub genes for LDH diagnostic biomarkers. Finally, DHODH was found to be a potential drug target for the treatment of LDH.
A Porosity-Height Relationship for Soil-Rock Mixtures of Unsaturated Dumps Based on Field and Laboratory Investigations
Authors: Shrivastava Shubham , Deb Debasis 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The stripping ratio increases as the surface mine gets deeper, causing an increase in the height of waste dump slopes. This poses a threat to stability since dumps are composed of soil-rock mixtures, mostly in an unsaturated state. In this research work, field and laboratory-based studies were conducted on soil-rock mixtures to propose an analytical relationship between in situ porosity and dump height. Sand replacement method in the field and standard Proctor test and consolidated drained triaxial shear tests in the lab were performed to establish the porosity-height relationship curves. It was found that the porosity decreases with height, as described by a negative exponential distribution with an exponent termed ‘mechanical pseudo pore compaction coefficient,’ which determines the shape of the curve. The proposed relationship was then utilized to evaluate the compaction of soil-rock mixtures at a pre-residual state. The parameters of the porosity-height relationship were also assessed for lightly, partially, and fully compacted dump slopes.
Financial conflicts of interest and disclosure in clinical practice guidelines for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in Japan
Authors: Murayama Anju , Kugo Hinari , Senoo Yuki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are essential for standardizing patient care based on evidence-based medicine. However, the presence of financial conflicts of interest (COIs) among CPG authors can undermine their credibility. This cross-sectional analysis of disclosed payments from pharmaceutical companies assesses the prevalence and magnitude of personal payments for lecturing, consulting, and writing to CPGs for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in Japan between 2016 and 2020. This study found that 93.5% of authors received payments over a five-year period, with total payments exceeding $4 million. The median payment per author was $49,422 (interquartile range: $7,792 – $111,567), with a notable concentration of payments among a small number of authors, including the CPG chairperson. Despite these extensive financial relationships, only a fraction of authors disclosed their COIs in the CPGs. These large amounts of personal payments were made by pharmaceutical companies manufacturing new antidepressants and sleeping aids listed in the CPGs. The findings highlight deviations from international COI management standards and suggest a need for more stringent COI policies for psychiatry CPGs in Japan.
Molecular marker-based evaluation of wheat advance lines for leaf rust and strip rust
Authors: Iqbal Junaid , Nazir Shahid , Habib Imran , Ahmad Jazakat , Rahman Sajid ur , Jamil Muhammad Waqas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Leaf and brown rust are two common fungal diseases that affect wheat crops in Pakistan, as they do in many wheat-producing regions around the world.
Objective: The present study was conducted to explore rust resistance potential of 50 advance lines of spring wheat.
Material and methods: DNA markers linked with different genes conferring resistance to leaf rusts and Yellow rust were employed in this study. A total of 10 genes, consisting of seven Lr (Lr10, Lr19, Lr28, Lr29, Lr34, Lr46, Lr67) and three Yr (Yr5, Yr10, Yr15) were studied through linked DNA markers.
Result: Marker Lr10 and SCS265 identified the presence of the Lr10 and Lr 19 gene in 30 and one advance lines out of the 50 advances lines correspondingly, indicating their resistance to leaf rust. Marker SCS421 for Lr 28 and Lr 29 for Lr 29 amplified in 34 and 50 wheat advance lines. Marker csLV34 and XMC44 detected the presence of the Lr34/YR18/Pm38 and Lr46/YR29/Pm39 gene in 5 and 13 lines respectively. Marker CFD 23 for Lr67/Yr46/Sr55/ and Xgwm413 for Yr 15 was not amplified in any wheat line. Wms501 and Xpsp3000 confirmed the presence of the Yr-5/Yr43 and Yr 10 gene in 9 and 31 wheat lines, indicating their potential rust resistance.
Novelty Statement: This particular subset of wheat lines, including AKHBAR-19, 10141, V-20330, PGMB-20-48, V-19080, INDUS-21, NR-564, and WVH-1214, attributed to selective breeding practices or spontaneous allelic accumulation.
An Agitation Sedation Level Prediction Model for ICU Patients
Authors: Dai Pei-Yu , Lin Pei-Yi , Shue Ruey-Kai , Liu Shu-Fang , Wu Yu-Cheng , Wu Chieh-Liang , Cheng Wei-Lin , Chung Huang-Chien , Lin Guan-Yin , Chen Lun-Chi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:
Intensive care units (ICUs) are crucial in healthcare, but internal factors, like patient agitation due to delirium, treatment discomfort, and the ICU environment, can compromise care and lead to safety issues. In Taiwan, the Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale (RASS) is used for agitation assessment, but it has limitations, including subjectivity and infrequent assessments.
Methods:
To enhance ICU care, we developed a machine learning-based patient agitation and sedation assessment tool. We used an ensemble learning model, combining two machine learning models to classify patients into three categories: oversedation, optimal sedation, and agitation.
Results:
The RandomForest model achieved the highest average accuracy for sedation (ACC = 0.92, AUC = 0.97), while addressing class imbalance increased agitation classification accuracy (ACC = 0.77, AUC = 0.88). The model's results, based on key features identified, can guide sedative dosage adjustments, enabling more precise patient care.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of machine learning in classifying patient agitation and sedation. We recommend incorporating image-based features in patient agitation assessment. Our classification system can assist medical professionals in RASS assessments, mitigating safety risks related to patient agitation in ICUs and improving overall ICU capacity.
Trial Registration:
We obtained access to the critical care database (AI-111010) of the AI Center of Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH) from the Institutional Review Board (approval number: CE22484A), retrospectively registered.
A Review on Machine Learning for Sustainable Construction Equipment
Authors: Khan Asmat Ullah , Afzal Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The construction sector is producing enormous amount of emission due to usage of heavy machinery. To address global climate concerns, mitigating these greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is important. The latest technological advancement offers an opportunity to improve the sustainability of equipment operation, often deployed in large scale construction projects. Thus, this research evaluates machine learning algorithms to decrease equipment emission and encourages construction practitioners to adopt innovative tools to replace existing practices. A systematic review was conducted upon a collection of 15 publications related to the subject. Future research direction was given for improvement meeting real-world cases.
Molecular characterization of a previously undescribed fusarivirus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium pseudograminearum
Authors: Zhao Ying , Zhong Rongrong , Guan Zhengzhe , Wang Mengjiao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Xueyun , Qin Yanhong , Wang Fei , Yang Zhimin , Shao Ke , Wen Caiyi , Song Luyang 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fusarium pseudograminearum is a pathogenic fungus causeing crown rot. Only two mycovirus have been reported in F. pseudograminearumthus far. Here, we report a fungal virus (mycovirus), Fusarium pseudograminearum fusarivirus 1 (FpFV1), isolated from the F. pseudograminearum strain ZZ-1. FpFV1 has a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) genome of 6622 nucleotides containing four open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes for a large 1,550 amino acids (aa) polypeptide with a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and two helicase domains. The ORF2, ORF3 and ORF4 have overlapping regions and encode putative proteins of 154 aa, 53aa and 429aa, respectively. All three ORFs have unknown functions. Based on the genomic structure, homology searches, and phylogenetic analysis, FpFV1 could be a new member of the proposed “Fusariviridae”. This is the first report of a fusarivirus that infects F. pseudograminearum.
Systematic Review on Utilization of Whatsapp in Education
Authors: SELVAN TAMIL , KALAIYARASAN  
Published: November 2023

Abstract

In this era, digital education technology, information and communication technologies have changed learning. WhatsApp group education has emerged because it can take place anytime and everywhere as compared to an offline approach. Students are slowly gaining confidence in digital education, but there are also drawbacks, associated with cheating and misuse of educational information. The aim of this research is to examine how WhatsApp can be used in the context of education. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the use of WhatsApp in education, drawing upon 14 relevant studies published from 2014 to 2020. The results reveal that students are positive about utilising WhatsApp groups for learning. This paper is an attempt to bring conceptual clarity about utilization of WhatsApp groups in education and to suggest technical security measures that can be adopted.
Evaluation of Grape Fruits during Microwave Drying by Image processing
Authors: Ali Shaimaa R. , Anwar Osama , El-Raouf Abd El-Rahman Abd , El-Sayed helmy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The current study concentrated on microwave drying of grapes and how it affected the color and textural characteristics of grape raisins as they dried. Two coordinate color scales (RGB and Lab scales) were used to study the texture of the color, and color analysis was done in the Hunter color lab. Data showed that the amount of time needed for microwave drying was quite small (50 minutes). In comparison to the control and other dried samples, the microwave dried sample (50 minutes) displayed improved color texture (RGB or/and Lab) and product quality (TSS, pH, and MC). This can help small-scale business owners and farmers produce high-quality raisins, and it can also be used to control quality using image processing techniques.
Knowledge, usability and challenges of e-learning platforms for continuing professional development of healthcare providers at university teaching hospital of Kigali
Authors: Agnes Mukamana , Claude Byungura Jean , Felix Manirakiza , Gerard Rushingabigwi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Healthcare providers constitute a critical component of clinical care services. To provide the expected service, they must continuously develop their profession through continuous learning. This kind of learning is recognized as continuing professional development (CPD). Traditionally, CPD is offered onsite. Onsite training is associated with some barriers that prevent healthcare providers from attending such educational activities, including financial difficulties and long distance. This is why online learning is proposed to overcome these barriers. Objective The main purpose was to evaluate usability, knowledge and challenges of e-learning platforms for CPD of healthcare providers at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK) Methods The cross-sectional quantitative study approach was utilized; the data was collected at the workplace of nurses, midwives, and allied health professionals by using a pre-designed questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 and presented as frequencies. Results A significant majority was aware of CPD e-learning platforms. For example, 95.7% of the participants were familiar with these platforms, indicating that they had some degree of knowledge about their existence and purpose. Regarding the mode of accessing CPD courses, 82.1% of participants preferred online platforms, demonstrating a strong will to use e-learning platforms. Conclusion Study highlighted a high level of awareness and utilization of CPD e-learning platforms among healthcare providers at CHUK,additionally, participants expressed confidence in using the platforms but emphasized the need for further support and training.
RETRACTED: Evaluation of the prostate cancer and its metastases in the 68-Ga-PSMA PET/CT images: deep learning method vs. conventional PET/CT processing
Authors: Giv Masoumeh Dorri , Arabi Hosein , Jouybari Raheleh Tabari , Firouzabad Leila Alipour , Akbari-Lalimi Hossein , Aghaei Atena , Dabbagh Amir Hosein , Golestani Zahra Bakhshi , Kakhki Vahid Reza Dabbagh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Multispectral remote sensing approach of predicting the potential distribution and evaluating the current spread of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
Authors: Churko Esayas Elias , Munyaradzi Chitakira , Nhamo Luxon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The water hyacinth is categorized among the world’s top ten worst invasive plant species of aquatic ecosystems. This study assessed changes in the spatiotemporal distributions of the water hyacinth in Lake Koka and Ziway of the Upper Awash River basin during the peak growth season of the plant. Household questionnaire and key informant interview along with Landsat images for 2013, 2017, and 2021 were collected to identify the past, present, and future potential distributions of the invasive plant in the two lakes. Household surveys and key informant interview prepared using the Kobo Toolbox which monitors data collection online. A total number of 413 households were sampled and the data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. For Landsat images a supervised classification technique was applied to classify the land use classes using the maximum likelihood algorithm. The survey result shown in increased water hyacinth expansion in the area since the year 2011. The water hyacinth expansion affected 285 households livelihood by invading 69.0% their farm lands that caused 97.6% food scarcity on the study districts. The results of Landsat image indicated that the water hyacinth invasion in Lake Koka occupied 1.48% in 2013, and this raised to 7.13% in 2021, while the water body decreased from 75.94–69.90%, respectively. However, the area of the other vegetation is nearly identical between the years 2013–2021. Likewise, water hyacinth covered 4.66% of Lake Ziway in 2013, and this was raised to 8.42% in 2021. At Lake Ziway water hyacinth invasion affected the area of other vegetation coverage as it decreased from 16.19–10.67% but the area of the water body remained almost the same during the years. Between 2013 and 2025, the amount of water hyacinths increased in both Lake Koka and Lake Ziway. According to LULC data, the water hyacinth's rate of spread was 0.56% in Lake Koka and 0.95% in Lake Ziway. The results of this study revealed the signals of LULC change due to water hyacinth invasion in the Upper Awash Basin that to be considered as important aspect for future water resources planning and LULC management.
Invasive versus non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure
Authors: saleh Synial chikh , Badria Lana , Al-Bardan Hussam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Abstract:
Background: This case-control study aimed to assess the efficacy and outcomes of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) compared to invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in managing respiratory failure caused by many conditions, with a specific focus on mortality reduction.
Methods: The patients were allocated to either intermittent noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Clinical indicators, including respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and arterial blood gas parameters (pH, PaCO2, PaO2), were assessed before treatment and 24-hours post-treatment. Demographic data, such as age, gender, length of hospital stay, and clinical outcomes, were documented.
Results: A total of 36 patients were included in the noninvasive ventilation (NIV) group, while 64 patients were assigned to receive invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). The mean age in the NIV group was 6552, whereas it was 58.81 in the IPPV group (p= 0.0411). In the IPPV group, the average values of arterial blood gas parameters, including pH, and PCO2 were 7.37±0.14, 36.91±14.11, respectively. In the NIV group, the corresponding values were 7.39±0.10, 35.4±21.23. Following 24 hours of treatment, the clinical and ventilation parameters remained stable in the two groups. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.75±6.93 days in the IPPV group and 10.47±11.46 days in the NIV group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study suggests that there were no significant distinctions observed between noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in terms of the management of respiratory failure, with both modalities demonstrating comparable success rates. Additionally, no notable variations were identified between NIPPV and IPPV regarding hospital stay, intubation rates, and associated complications.
F28: A novel coupling strategy for 1D/2D hydraulic models for flood risk assessment of the Mekong Delta
Authors: Le Giang Song , Tran Long Thanh , Ho Loc Huu , Park Edward 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Coupling models of different dimensions is one of the most important yet under-represented challenges. This paper introduces a new modeling strategy to streamline a more flexible and effective integrated one-dimensional (1D)/two-dimensional (2D) model for floodplains along lowland rivers. The 1D model, utilizing the finite volume method, solves the Saint–Venant equations, while the 2D mesh employs unstructured quadrilateral elements. The two strategies couple the 1D/2D models: direct 1D/2D connection by the law of mass conservation at supernode, and lateral 1D/2D model connection by spillways at riverbank. The coupling strategy in F28 guarantees the water balance and the conservation of momentum at the integrated 1D/2D nodes. The model was applied to the Mekong Delta to address the capacity of hydrodynamic simulations integrating various water infrastructures. Results showed that the developed model has a strong potential to be applied to other lowland rivers worldwide with complex infrastructures.