bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disproportionate role of nuclear-encoded proteins in organismal and mitochondrial thermal performance in a copepod
Authors: Kayhani Kamron , Barreto Felipe S. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Determining the mechanisms by which organisms evolve thermal tolerance is crucial to predicting how populations may respond to changes in local temperature regimes. Although evidence of relationships between mitochondrial background and thermal adaptation have been found, the presence of both nuclear-encoded and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded proteins warrants experiments aimed at parsing out the relative role of each genome in thermal adaptation. We investigated the relative role of mtDNA-encoded products in thermal tolerance between two divergent populations of Tigriopus californicus using first-generation (F1) hybrids that vary in maternally inherited mtDNA but are heterozygous for population-specific alleles across nuclear loci. We tested two measures of thermal tolerance, (1) survivorship to acute thermal stress and (2) thermal stability of mitochondrial performance in Complex I-fueled ATP synthesis, both across a range of increasing temperatures. We found that the southern population (San Diego, CA, USA) outperformed the northern population (Strawberry Hill, OR, USA) in survivorship, and that both reciprocal F1 hybrid crosses had intermediate survival. Mitochondria from the San Diego population displayed greater stability in ATP synthesis with increasing temperatures compared with those from Strawberry Hill. Interestingly, hybrids from both cross directions had synthesis profiles that were very similar to that of Strawberry Hill. Taken together, these results suggest that the relative role of the mtDNA in these phenotypes is negligible compared with that of elements encoded by nuclear DNA in this system.
Better together: isolation impedes memory formation for configural learning in Lymnaea stagnalis
Authors: Kagan Diana , Hollings Jasper , Batabyal Anuradha , Lukowiak Ken 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Social interactions play an important role in learning and memory. There is great variability in the literature regarding the effects of social isolation on cognition. Here, we investigated how memory formation was affected when Lymnaea stagnalis, our model system, were socially isolated at three different time periods: before, during or after the configural learning training procedure. Each group of snails underwent configural learning where we recorded and compared their feeding behaviour before and after the pairing of an appetitive food stimulus with predator kairomones (i.e. the training procedure). We found that isolating snails before the training procedure had no effect on their learning and memory. However, when snails were isolated either during the training procedure or immediately after the training procedure, they no longer formed memory. These data provide further insight into how isolation impacts cognitive functioning in the context of higher-order learning.
Locomotor effects of a fibrosis-based immune response in stickleback fish
Authors: Matthews David G. , Maciejewski Meghan F. , Wong Greta A. , Lauder George V. , Bolnick Daniel I. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The vertebrate immune system provides an impressively effective defense against parasites and pathogens. However, these benefits must be balanced against a range of costly side-effects including energy loss and risks of auto-immunity. These costs might include biomechanical impairment of movement, but little is known about the intersection between immunity and biomechanics. Here, we show that a fibrosis immune response to Schistocephalus solidus infection in freshwater threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has collateral effects on their locomotion. Although fibrosis is effective at reducing infection, some populations of stickleback actively suppress this immune response, possibly because the costs of fibrosis outweigh the benefits. We quantified the locomotor effects of the fibrosis immune response in the absence of parasites to investigate whether there are incidental costs of fibrosis that could help explain why some fish forego this effective defense. To do this, we induced fibrosis in stickleback and then tested their C-start escape performance. Additionally, we measured the severity of fibrosis, body stiffness and body curvature during the escape response. We were able to estimate performance costs of fibrosis by including these variables as intermediates in a structural equation model. This model revealed that among control fish without fibrosis, there is a performance cost associated with increased body stiffness. However, fish with fibrosis did not experience this cost but rather displayed increased performance with higher fibrosis severity. This result demonstrates that the adaptive landscape of immune responses can be complex with the potential for wide-reaching and unexpected fitness consequences.
Determining energy expenditure in a large seabird using accelerometry
Authors: Sutton Grace J. , Angel Lauren P. , Speakman John R. , Arnould John P. Y. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The trade off between energy gained and expended is the foundation of understanding how, why and when animals perform any activity. Based on the concept that animal movements have an energetic cost, accelerometry is increasingly being used to estimate energy expenditure. However, validation of accelerometry as an accurate proxy for field metabolic rate in free-ranging species is limited. In the present study, Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) from the Pope's Eye colony (38°16′42″S 144°41′48″E), south-eastern Australia, were equipped with GPS and tri-axial accelerometers and dosed with doubly labelled water (DLW) to measure energy expenditure during normal behaviour for 3–5 days. The correlation between daily energy expenditure from the DLW and vectorial dynamic body acceleration (VeDBA) was high for both a simple correlation and activity-specific approaches (R2=0.75 and 0.80, respectively). Varying degrees of success were observed for estimating at-sea metabolic rate from accelerometry when removing time on land using published energy expenditure constants (R2=0.02) or activity-specific approaches (R2=0.42). The predictive capacity of energy expenditure models for total and at-sea periods was improved by the addition of total distance travelled and proportion of the sampling period spent at sea during the night, respectively (R2=0.61–0.82). These results indicate that accelerometry can be used to estimate daily energy expenditure in free-ranging gannets and its accuracy may depend on the inclusion of movement parameters not detected by accelerometry.
Let’s Chat… When Communication Promotes Efficiency in Experimental Asset Markets
Authors: Corgnet Brice , DeSantis Mark , Porter David 
Published: November 2023

The growing prevalence of stock market chat rooms and social media suggests that communication between traders may affect market outcomes. Using data from a series of laboratory experiments, we study the causal effect of trader communication on market efficiency. We show that communication allows markets to convey private information more effectively. This effect is robust to a wide range of information settings. The presence of insiders limits the impact, whereas posted reputation scores in the communication platform magnify it. These findings illustrate the need to consider social interactions when designing market institutions to leverage the social motives that foster information aggregation. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics & decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4967 .
Angular width and beam quality of a partially coherent standard Laguerre–Gaussian vortex beam in turbulent plasma
Authors: Alkelly Abdu A. , Khaled M. A. H. , Hassan Labiba F. 
Published: November 2023

Analytical formulas for the angular width and propagation factor of a partially coherent standard Laguerre–Gaussian (sLG) vortex beam through anisotropic turbulent plasma were derived based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral and the second-order moments of the Wigner distribution function. The evolution properties of the angular width and propagation factor of partially coherent sLG vortex beams propagating in anisotropic turbulent plasma were investigated numerically. The numerical results demonstrate the influence of the source and turbulence parameters on the normalized angular width and normalized propagation factor of the partially coherent sLG vortex beams. It can be observed that in a partially coherent sLG vortex beam with a lower beam order, topological charge, and wavelength, or a higher correlation coefficient of the source plane, and with increasing propagation distance and refractive index fluctuation variance or decreasing anisotropy parameters, the outer and inner scales of the turbulent plasma have a large angular width and propagation factor (i.e., the beam quality is worse). The results of this study will be beneficial for applications in remote sensing and optical communications.
Architecture of the brain’s visual system enhances network stability and performance through layers, delays, and feedback
Authors: Velarde Osvaldo Matias , Makse Hernán A. , Parra Lucas C. 
Published: November 2023

In the visual system of primates, image information propagates across successive cortical areas, and there is also local feedback within an area and long-range feedback across areas. Recent findings suggest that the resulting temporal dynamics of neural activity are crucial in several vision tasks. In contrast, artificial neural network models of vision are typically feedforward and do not capitalize on the benefits of temporal dynamics, partly due to concerns about stability and computational costs.
In this study, we focus on recurrent networks with feedback connections for visual tasks with static input corresponding to a single fixation. We demonstrate mathematically that a network’s dynamics can be stabilized by four key features of biological networks: layer-ordered structure, temporal delays between layers, longer distance feedback across layers, and nonlinear neuronal responses. Conversely, when feedback has a fixed distance, one can omit delays in feedforward connections to achieve more efficient artificial implementations.
We also evaluated the effect of feedback connections on object detection and classification performance using standard benchmarks, specifically the COCO and CIFAR10 datasets. Our findings indicate that feedback connections improved the detection of small objects, and classification performance became more robust to noise. We found that performance increased with the temporal dynamics, not unlike what is observed in core vision of primates.
These results suggest that delays and layered organization are crucial features for stability and performance in both biological and artificial recurrent neural networks.
Early modelling of the effects and healthcare costs of the Dutch citizen-rescuer system for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
Authors: Ahmed Anam , Mewes Janne C. , Lepage-Nefkens Isabelle , Tan Hanno L. , Vrijhoef Hubertus J. M. ,   for the ESCAPE-NET Investigators
Published: November 2023

Objectives
1) to analyse the total average healthcare costs of a patient with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), as well as estimating the operational costs of the citizen-rescuer system (CRS); 2) to conduct an early modelling of the effects and healthcare costs of the Dutch CRS in comparison to no CRS.

Methods
A health economic modelling study was conducted. Adult patients with OHCA from cardiac causes in the province of Limburg (the Netherlands) were included. The time horizon was from OHCA occurrence up to one year after hospital discharge. First, the total average healthcare costs of OHCA patients were analysed as well as the yearly operating costs of the CRS. Second, an early modelling was conducted to compare from the healthcare perspective the healthcare costs of OHCA patients with the CRS being activated but no responders attended (CRS-NV) versus the CRS being activated with attendance of ≥1 responder(s) (CRS-V).

Results
The total average healthcare costs per patient are €42,533. The yearly operating costs for the CRS are approximately €1.5 million per year in the Netherlands. The early modelling of costs and effects showed that the incremental healthcare costs per patient thus were €4,131 in the CRS-V versus the CRS-NV group (€25,184 in the CRS-V group and €21,053 in the CRS-NV group). Incremental quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) was 5 per 100 patients (16 per 100 patients in the CRS-V group versus 11 per 100 patients in the CRS-NV group). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was €79,662 per QALY for the CRS-V group.

Conclusion
This study shows that patients in the CSR-V group had additional health care costs of €4,131 per patient compared to patients in the CRS-NV group. This increase is caused by patients surviving more often, who then continue to utilise health services, which results in a (logic) increase in healthcare costs. For future research, accurate and up-to-date data on effectiveness and costs of the CRS needs to be collected.
Research on the structuring of water clusters in Chlorella vulgaris water suspension
Authors: Ignatov Ignat , P. Popova Teodora , Toshkova-Yotova Tanya , Deleva Veronika , Bankova Ralitsa , Neshev Nikolai , T. Iliev Mario , E. Petrova Toshka , D. Kaleva Mila , Drossinakis Christos , I. Ignatov Alexander , Dimitrov Zhechko , Gotova Irina , Huether Fabio , Angelcheva Mariana , Angushev Ivan , Valcheva Nedyalka , D. Karadzhov Stoil , Baiti Sadek 
Published: November 2023

Many bioactive compounds of natural origin have beneficial effects on human health and are used to treat different diseases. Chlorella is a genus of green algae with a high potential for producing biologically active substances. Exposure to extreme conditions can enhance its antioxidant activity and the production of concrete metabolites. C. vulgaris is cultivated in plantations. It is accessible in pharmacies and drugstores. The Health Act of 2005 in Bulgaria allows the therapeutic and prophylactic use of herbs, both independently by patients and as prescribed by a doctor. This study performed comparative spectral analyses of C. vulgaris using a 1% suspension of C. vulgaris in deionized water (v/v) by the methods of Non-equilibrium energy spectrum (NES) and Differential non-equilibrium energy spectrum (DNES). The research was performed in order to make indirect studies of the biological effects of C. vulgaris, which are connected with calcium conductivity and anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. The effects of structuring of water clusters by C. vulgaris were examined. The data from spectral analyses, connected with a peak at (E =-0.1312 eV)(?=9.45 ?m) (?=1058 cm-1), revealed anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-oxidant and anti-tumor effects of C. vulgaris were shown at (E=-0.1387 eV)(?=8.95 ?m)(?=1117 cm-1). The results showed effects of improvement of calcium conductivity and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects of C. vulgaris on human health.
Síntese de óxido de nióbio(V) dopado com lantânio e sua aplicação na reação esterificação do ácido oleico com etanol
Authors: Miraveti Carriello Giovanni , Manassés Pegoraro Guilherme , De Souza Mourato Alessandro , Pimenta Mambrini Giovanni 
Published: November 2023

O óxido de nióbio(V), Nb2O5, é um material que vem ganhando destaque nas pesquisas por sua aplicação em catálise de reações orgânicas, entre elas a reação de esterificação, uma das mais importantes na sociedade moderna. Para alterar as propriedades dos catalisadores a fim de melhorá-los, pode-se dopá-los com outros elementos. Tendo em vista esses pontos, o foco deste trabalho foi sintetizar óxido de nióbio(V) amorfo dopado com lantânio e comparar a sua ação catalítica com óxido de nióbio(V) amorfo e óxido de nióbio(V) pseudo-hexagonal sintetizados pela rota solvotérmica na reação de esterificação do ácido oleico com o etanol. O óxido de nióbio(V) pseudo-hexagonal foi sintetizado por aquecimento convencional de uma solução contendo íons nióbio(V) em álcool benzílico e os catalisadores amorfos aquecidos por micro-ondas 2,45 GHz. Ao final do trabalho, com ensaios catalíticos de 1 hora a 60 °C e variando o catalisador em 0,2% e 0,6%, a amostra amorfa mostrou maiores taxas de conversão, sendo que com a adição do lantânio houve um pequeno aumento nesta taxa.
Study on corrosion behavior of typical carbon steel and low alloy steel in deep sea of different sea areas
Authors: Ding Kangkang , Cheng Wenhua , Zhang Penghui , Guo Weimin , Fan Lin , Xu Likun , Hou Jian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to meet the development needs of deep-sea oil and gas resources, deep-sea corrosion coupon tests were carried out in the South China Sea, the Western Pacific Ocean, and the Indian Ocean, which can provide a strong guarantee for the rationality of material selection of oil and gas pipelines, platforms and other facilities. In-depth studies were conducted on the environmental adaptability of typical carbon steel and low alloy steel materials after exposure for one year in the deep-sea environment of different sea areas. The main environmental factors affecting deep-sea corrosion behavior were also collected and analyzed. The results showed that the corrosion morphology of carbon steel and low alloy steel in deep sea environment was more uniform than that in the shallow seawater. With the increase of seawater depth, the evolution law of their corrosion rates in different sea areas was similar, with an obvious decline of corrosion rate in the beginning. The gray correlation results indicated that it was mainly controlled by temperature and dissolved oxygen. The high hydrostatic pressure had limited effect on accelerating the deep sea corrosion rate of carbon steel and low alloy steel, but it promoted the formation of more uniform corrosion morphology.
University and local recyclable material cooperative – building bridges around e-waste
Authors: Fonseca Janaina C. L. , Wendling Junior Jose Marcelo , Eugenio Gabriel R. , Milagre Cintia D. F. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An e-waste outreach project was developed with two overriding goals: (1) to strengthen the partnership between the university and the local recyclable material cooperative, which has been carrying out actions aimed at supporting the work of the Cooperative, and (2) to collaborate in the expansion of environmental education activities in the process of social and economic insertion of collectors and the reduction of environmental impacts. During this process, the materials and corresponding activities related to the theoretical and practical course followed by the cooperative workers were developed by a transversal team of (under)graduate students, faculty, and staff from the Chemistry, Electric Engineering, and Public Administration areas. In addition, social media materials were created to sensibilize and engage the university community regarding effective e-waste awareness, to adhere to the voluntary drop-off point of e-waste collection, and to address the issues that can affect our environment and health if e-waste is sent to landfills. It was an example of how chemistry contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals through an outreach project.
Addressing substantial covariate imbalance with propensity score stratification and balancing weights: connections and recommendations
Authors: Thomas Laine E. , Thomas Steven M. , Li Fan , Matsouaka Roland A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Propensity score (PS) weighting methods are commonly used to adjust for confounding in observational treatment comparisons. However, in the setting of substantial covariate imbalance, PS values may approach 0 and 1, yielding extreme weights and inflated variance of the estimated treatment effect. Adaptations of the standard inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW) can reduce the influence of extremes, including trimming methods that exclude people with PS values near 0 or 1. Alternatively, overlap weighting (OW) optimizes criteria related to bias and variance, and performs well compared to other PS weighting and matching methods. However, it has not been compared to propensity score stratification (PSS). PSS has some of the same potential advantages; being insensitive extreme values. We sought to compare these methods in the setting of substantial covariate imbalance to generate practical recommendations.

Methods
Analytical derivations were used to establish connections between methods, and simulation studies were conducted to assess bias and variance of alternative methods.

Results
We find that OW is generally superior, particularly as covariate imbalance increases. In addition, a common method for implementing PSS based on Mantel–Haenszel weights (PSS-MH) is equivalent to a coarsened version of OW and can perform nearly as well. Finally, trimming methods increase bias across methods (IPTW, PSS and PSS-MH) unless the PS model is re-fit to the trimmed sample and weights or strata are re-derived. After trimming with re-fitting, all methods perform similarly to OW.

Conclusions
These results may guide the selection, implementation and reporting of PS methods for observational studies with substantial covariate imbalance.
Another World? Practical Wisdom for the End-Times
Authors: Graham Elaine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Practical Theology today is inescapably and urgently conducted in the shadow of global climate emergency. This is made more acute by the emergence of the concept of ‘Anthropocene’, or the recognition that climate change is now being decisively driven by human intervention. This article explores aspects of contemporary ‘cli-fi’ culture which have emerged in response to environmental crisis. In their use of the language of ‘apocalypse’ to frame the nature of climate emergency, they carry strong resonances with Biblical literature and Christian theology. Can a dialogue between these different genres generate constructive theological wisdom that might direct us towards more equitable and sustainable ways of living?