bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term surgical outcomes of unilateral horizontal muscle strabismus surgery in patients with sensory esotropia versus sensory exotropia
Authors: Singh Anupam , Sharma Srishti , Singla Anurag , Kumawat Devesh , Agrawal Ajai , Kumar Barun 
Published: December 2023

Purpose:
To compare the long-term postoperative outcomes of unilateral horizontal muscle strabismus surgery in patients with sensory esotropia and sensory exotropia.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 30 patients of sensory deviation who underwent strabismus surgery between January 2017 and December 2020 and had 24 months of follow-up. The patients were classified into Group A (sensory esotropia) and Group B (sensory exotropia) of 15 each. The successful outcome was assigned to a patient with postoperative deviation ≤10 prism dioptres (PD) in primary position.

Results:
The mean age of the sample was 20.87 ± 6.88 years, 18 were male (60%) and 12 were female (40%). The mean preoperative deviation in Group A was 38.8 ± 10.46 PD and in Group B, it was 48.0 ± 5.92 PD. Successful surgical outcome (≤10 PD) at postoperative day 1 was achieved in 29 patients (96.77%). One patient (3.33%) having sensory exotropia was found to have residual deviation >10 PD. These results were maintained at the 6th month and 12th month of follow-up and there was no significant difference between surgical outcomes of both groups (Chi-square test, P = 0.309). At the 24th month follow-up, 23 patients maintained good surgical outcome; all seven patients who had surgically failed outcome (>10 PD) belonged to the exotropia group, which was statistically significant (Chi-square test, P = 0.002). The mean postoperative deviation at the final visit at 24 months of follow-up in Group A was 3.6 ± 2.16 PD and in Group B, it was 10.87 ± 2.82 PD. The long-term outcomes are significantly worse in patients of sensory deviations with organic vision loss and sensory exotropia. Other factors which determined the long-term successful postoperative outcome were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), childhood-onset strabismus, and younger age at surgery.

Conclusions:
Good primary position alignment can be achieved in patients with sensory deviations with single strabismus surgery. Type of deviation, BCVA, age of onset, and age at the time of surgery were the factors associated with successful long-term alignment.
Analysis of nutritional risk, skeletal muscle depletion, and lipid metabolism phenotype in acute radiation enteritis
Authors: Ma Chen-Ying , Zhao Jing , Qian Ke-Yan , Xu Zhe , Xu Xiao-Ting , Zhou Ju-Ying 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Radiation enteritis, which often occurs during radiation-induced acute intestinal symptoms (RIAIS), is the most common and important complication during radiotherapy for cervical cancer. RIAIS caused by abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy will affect nutrient intake, digestion, absorption, and metabolism, leading to malnutrition or poorer nutritional status. In patients with malignant tumors, malnutrition can adversely affect the curative effect and response of radiotherapy by reducing radiosensitivity, affecting the precision of radiotherapy placement and increasing the incidence of radiotherapy-related adverse reactions.
AIM
To analyze nutritional risk, skeletal muscle depletion, and lipid metabolism phenotype in acute radiation enteritis.
METHODS
Fifty patients with cervical cancer received external beam radiotherapy, and 15 patients received brachytherapy after external beam radiotherapy. Body weight, body composition parameters, nutritional risk screening (NRS) 2002 score, and blood biochemical indices of patients with cervical cancer during periradiation were tested by a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Metabolomics analysis was used to identify characteristic lipid metabolism pathways. Clinical factors that affect linoleic acid changes were screened using the generalized evaluation equation.
RESULTS
Among the 50 patients, 37 had RIAIS, including 34 patients with grade 1-2 RIAIS and 3 patients with grade 3 RIAIS. The NRS 2002 score of patients who underwent cervical cancer radiotherapy continued to increase during the periradiation period, and 42 patients who underwent cancer radiotherapy had nutritional deficits (NRS 2002 score ≥ 3 points) at the end of radiotherapy. Correlation analyses revealed that body weight and body mass index changes were closely associated with body fat content (R 2 = 0.64/0.51). The results of the univariate analysis showed that radiotherapy time, percentage reduction of serum albumin, and percentage reduction of serum prealbumin were the key factors affecting skeletal muscle exhaustion (P < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis of fecal supernatants of cervical cancer patients during the periradiation period revealed the involvement of linoleic acid, cholic acid, arachidonic acid, and N-acetyl-L-benzene alanine in the metabolic pathway of linoleic acid.
CONCLUSION
Cervical cancer radiotherapy patients faced nutritional risks, decreased serum albumin synthesis, and increased risk of skeletal muscle exhaustion. Linoleic acid was a biomarker of high nutritional risk.
Prognostic role of serum carcinoembryonic antigen in patients receiving liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastasis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Tang Fan , Huang Cheng-Wen , Tang Zhi-Hong , Lu Shao-Long , Bai Tao , Huang Qing , Li Xing-Zhi , Zhang Bin , Wu Fei-Xiang 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a broad-spectrum tumor marker for differential diagnosis, monitoring, and response assessment of a variety of malignancies.
AIM
To evaluate whether serum CEA could predict the prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) before and after liver resection (LR).
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were systematically searched to retrieve literature, with a search cut-off date of February 27, 2023. Articles were strictly screened for inclusion according to pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were pooled and analyzed using Stata 16.0.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 36 studies involving a total of 11143 CRCLM patients. The results showed that a high pre-LR serum CEA level was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49-1.75, P < 0.001] and recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.27, 95%CI: 1.11-1.45, P < 0.001) in CRCLM patients. A high post-LR serum CEA level predicted poor OS (HR = 2.66, 95%CI: 2.10-3.38, P < 0.001). A comparison by treatment modality, analysis modality, patient source, and cutoff-value showed that overall, high preoperative and postoperative serum CEA levels remained correlated with a poor prognosis.
CONCLUSION
This study concluded that high pre-LR and post-LR serum CEA levels were significantly correlated with a poor prognosis in CRCLM patients.
Removal of a large rectal polyp with endoscopic submucosal dissection-trans-anal rectoscopic assisted minimally invasive surgery hybrid technique: A case report
Authors: Polese Lino 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be used for the en-bloc removal of superficial rectal lesions; however, the lack of a traction system makes the procedure long and difficult in the presence of extensive lesions.
CASE SUMMARY
A large polyp occupying 2/3 of the rectal circumference and extending 5 cm in length was removed by ESD with the help of laparoscopic forceps introduced via trans-anal rectoscopic assisted minimally invasive surgery, a disposable platform designed to aid in transanal minimally invasive surgery. Traction of the polyp by forceps during the operation was dynamic, and applied at various points and in various directions. The polyp was removed en-blo c without complications in 1 h and 55 min. A sigmoidoscopy performed 50 d later showed normal healing without polyp recurrence.
CONCLUSION
The technique presented here could overcome the issues caused by lack of traction during ESD for rectal lesions.
MULTICULTURALISM IN CYBERSPACE
Authors: Ohanyan Marianna 
Published: December 2023

Language is an essential part of identity, and in many ways it is considered to be the fundamental constituent of identity. Language and culture are inextricably linked. Every social group with distinct linguistic and social characteristics seeks to preserve its cultural identity. Contemporary political theorists have labeled this phenomenon of the coexistence of different cultures in the same geographical space as multiculturalism. Based on the descriptive, analytical, comparative and verbal-culturological methods, this article discusses the presence of various cultural and ethnic groups within a society. Multiculturalism in cyberspace mainly denotes the harmony and interaction of diverse cultures within online communities and platforms. The vanishing of cultures naturally has a negative impact on diversity. It is critical to create an environment where different cultural groups can sustain and flourish, thus making the overall gamma of linguistic colors richer and more colorful.
Translating Trauma Narratives: The Case of Sepetys’ Novel “Between Shades of Gray” and Its Cinematic Adaptation Titled “Ashes in the Snow” by Markevicius (2018)
Authors: Ulvydiene Huber Loreta 
Published: December 2023

The twentieth century witnessed an abundant number of traumatic events related to dark history, like exiles and repressions by the Soviet regime in Lithuania in 1940-1953. In a single week of June 1941, the Soviets exiled 2% of the entire Lithuania’s population, while the total number reached nearly 14%. At the time, when it was allowed to speak about the unspeakable events of travelling to and surviving imprisonment in different concentration camps, numerous important works of various genres were published.
The first historical novel in English - Between Shades of Gray - was written in 2011 by Ruta Sepetys, the daughter of a Lithuanian refugee. The novel was translated into 30 languages. In 2018 Marius A. Markevicius adapted the novel into a film titled “Ashes in the Snow.”
The aim of the research is to discuss trauma and its reflection in literature and cinema, focusing on translation as screen adaptation. The novelty of the paper lies in the topic of (re)focalization when dealing with screen adaptation in relation to collective or personal traumas embodied in literary works. The concepts of conventional translation and adaptational translation by Henrik Gotlieb (2017: 52) are also discussed. The analysis of trauma is based on Cathy Caruth’s ideas who defines traumatic memories as non-verbal, so filmmakers have to find a way to express trauma when language becomes inaccessible and inadequate (Caruth 1996: 3-6).
Gerard Genette’s three types of focalization, - zero, internal and external, - as well as visible and invisible narrator in the story, offer a new approach to the study of audiovisual translation from the perspective of screen adaptation according to the external and internal position of the focalizer in the narrative: perceptual, psychological and ideological.
Paradigma qurani
Authors: Dianita Retha , Novita Piqriani Yelmi 
Published: December 2023

Bagi umat Muslim, menjadikan Al-Qur’an sebagai inspirasi sekaligus paradigma dalam mewujudkan atau mendesain pendidikan bukanlah hal yang bersifat utopis dan berlebihan justru merupakan suatu keniscayaan mengingat Al-Qur’an merupakan sumber utama sekaligus menjadi basis referensi dalam perumusan hukum Islam. Sebagai sebuah paradigma, maka hal tersebut akan terwujud dalam kerangka yang menjadi tolak ukur sejauh mana semangat dan pesan Al-Qur’an direalisasikan dalam mengupayakan pendidikan Islam.
Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk umat manusia memiliki nilai yang universal dan eternal.Keuniversalan al-Qur’an ini berarti tidak mengenal batas teritorial dan sekat-sekat kemanusiaan. Sedang eternalitasnya membuatnya mampu berjalan seiring dengan semangat zaman yang melingkupinya. Oleh karena itu, dengan kedua sifat tersebut prinsip-prinsip umum yang diemban oleh al-Qur’an akan selalu dirasakan manfaatnya oleh umat manusia, asal mereka mau melakukan pengkajian-pengkajian yang seksama dan komprehensif terhadap ayat-ayatnya yang tersebar dalam 114 surat itu. Upaya memahami pesan-pesan al-Qur’an dalam sebaran ayat-ayatnya itulah hakikat tafsir, sehingga dari seni dapat dimengerti betapa urgennya tafsir al-Qur’an itu.
Systèmes éducatifs africains. Effets des TICs sur les politiques d’enseignement
Authors: Lokonon Clémentine 
Published: December 2023

Confrontée déjà à la reconnaissance et à la modernisation de son système éducatif à visage varié et multiforme, l’invasion des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TICs) dans tous les domaines vient renforcer la fracture entre les pays de l’Afrique dans leurs diverses postures et le reste du monde. Le progrès technologique, patrimoine universel est alors interrogé comme voix /voie alternative à la politique du « tout » ou du « rien » en termes de transmission du savoir pour un but de plénitude. En effet, les technologies de l’information et de la communication transportent désormais vers l’individu le savoir sans une autre préoccupation de privilège ou de discrimination ; s’offrant ainsi comme voie et aussi voix puisqu’exposant l’humain à leurs représentations en tant que signes. Dans une approche sémio-interactionnelle et philosophique, les signes sont analysés pour dire les TICs comme voix en vue de ressortir la voie qu’elles représentent pour les systèmes éducatifs. C’est un espace discursif mutant à tous les niveaux du système éducatif qui impose de nouveaux paradigmes du contenu à l’agent en passant par le cadre interactif et les notions tournant autour du droit à l’éducation.
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: an analysis of 2315 eyes over a six-year period
Authors: Kianersi Farzan , Barati Yousef , Kianersi Hamidreza , Ghanbari Heshmatollah , Razmjoo Hasan , Fazel Farhad , Dehghani Alireza , Akhlaghi Mohammadreza , Salehi Ali , Kianersi Hanieh , Pourazizi Mohsen 
Published: December 2023

Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a form of retinal detachment caused by passage of fluid from the vitreous cavity into the space between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium via a retinal break or full-thickness defect. At our tertiary referral center, we evaluated the clinical and epidemiological features of RRD, and we herein report the frequency of related risk factors.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of patients with a final diagnosis of RRD at an academic ophthalmological referral center in Isfahan, Iran, over a six-year period. We retrieved and reviewed data from the medical records of all eligible participants, including sex, age, laterality, lens status, macular status, type of RRD, location and number of breaks, type of surgery, rate of re-operation during the first year after initial surgery, and documented clinical risk factors for RRD. Clinical risk factors were categorized as the presence of myopic refractive error, ocular trauma, history of cataract surgery, history of other ocular surgeries, history of uveitis, or undetermined.
Results: We included 2315 eyes of 2229 patients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 51.1 (16.9) years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.8:1. The most common quadrants containing retinal breaks were the superotemporal quadrant (34.1%), inferotemporal quadrant (23.4%), and superonasal quadrant (10.7%). Macula-involved RRD was seen in 90% of eyes (n=2083 eyes). The most frequently identified risk factors were cataract surgery (32.9%) and myopia (22.3%) in adults, and myopia (35.0%) and ocular trauma (27.4%) in the pediatric group. Most eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy (51.3%), whereas pneumatic retinopexy (0.7%) was the least commonly selected.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that cataract surgery and myopia are the most common risk factors for RRD in adults. Myopia and ocular trauma are the most common risk factors in pediatric patients. As observed in many studies, the characteristics of the study population, including middle age, male sex, myopia, and ocular trauma, may be associated with RRD at different rates. Further population-based longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to verify these preliminary observations.
Effects of repeated intravitreal bevacizumab administration on anterior segment parameters and limbal stem cells
Authors: Eidizadeh Mojtaba , Felegary Mohsen , Madani Seyed Hamid , Hosseini Fatemeh , Bagheri Masood 
Published: December 2023

Background: Macular edema (ME) is fluid accumulation in the macula caused by vascular leakage. Repeated intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections are extensively used to treat ME of different origins, are well tolerated, and have few side effects. This study evaluated the effects of repeated IVB injections on the anterior segment parameters and limbal stem cells (LSCs) in eyes with ME.
Methods: This before–after study involved patients with ME of different causes who underwent repeated IVB injections at the Imam Khomeini Ophthalmology Center in Kermanshah, Iran. Before and after repeated IVB injections, anterior segment parameters were measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and the LSCs were assessed using impression cytology.
Results: We enrolled 42 eyes of 42 patients with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 59.6 (7.6) years, of whom 25 (59.5%) were men and 17 (40.5%) were women. The underlying diseases included diabetic ME in 30 eyes (71.4%), central (5 [11.9%]) or branch (3 [7.1%]) retinal vein occlusion, and choroidal neovascularization in 4 eyes (9.5%). The right eye was affected in 22 (52.4%) participants. The mean (SD) number of IVB injections was 4.3 (1.3). After repeated injections, the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) increased, whereas the mean anterior chamber angle (ACA) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) decreased (all P<0.001). Three patients developed LSC deficiency after repeated IVB injections for diabetic ME.
Conclusions: We observed a significant increase in the mean CCT and a decrease in the mean ACA and ACD after repeated IVB injections in our series. Three patients developed LSC deficiency after repeated IVB injections for diabetic ME management. The observed effect on LSC may cast doubt on the safety of repeated IVB injections; however, this finding must be verified in multicenter clinical trials with longer follow-up periods and larger study samples.
THỰC TRẠNG PHÁT TRIỂN NĂNG LỰC THIẾT KẾ VÀ TỔ CHỨC CÁC HOẠT ĐỘNG GIÁO DỤC STEM CHO GIÁO VIÊN TỈNH TUYÊN QUANG
Authors: Đoàn Thị Cúc , Nguyễn Thị Hương Lan , Đinh Quốc Tú , Nguyễn Thúy Nga , Nguyễn Khải Hoàn , Đỗ Công Ba 
Published: December 2023

Năng lực thiết kế và tổ chức hoạt động giáo dục STEM có vai trò quan trọng trong công tác dạy học và giáo dục. Bằng các phương pháp nghiên cứu thực tiễn như quan sát, phỏng vấn, điều tra giáo dục chúng tôi đã tiến hành khảo sát, đánh giá thực trạng phát triển năng lực thiết kế và tổ chức hoạt động giáo dục STEM của giáo viên tỉnh Tuyên Quang. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy năng lực thiết kế và tổ chức hoạt động của giáo viên được đánh giá ở mức trung bình khá và trung bình thấp, mức đánh giá cao tập trung ở những CBGV trẻ, là những CBGV dạy các môn học thế mạnh của STEM. Kết quả nghiên cứu là tiền đề cho các nhà hoạch định chính sách nghiên cứu đề xuất giải pháp phát triển phù hợp.
“Berzas con capachos”: El curioso impertinente en el entramado del Quijote de 1605
Authors: Piqueras Flores Manuel , Santos de la Morena Blanca 
Published: December 2023

RESUMEN: Se plantea un estudio de la interpolación de El curioso impertinente en la primera parte del Quijote que tiene en cuenta el contexto de la prosa de la ficción áurea, los planteamientos narrativos de Cervantes a lo largo de su carrera literaria y la reflexión metaliteraria en su obra. Se indaga en las conexiones de la novela con el texto que la contiene, no solamente con la trama principal de don Quijote y Sancho, a partir de los ejes realidad-ficción y verdad-mentira, sino también a partir de las conexiones que se establecen con el resto episodios interpolados. ABSTRACT: A study of the interpolation of El curioso impertinente in the first part of Don Quixote is proposed, taking into account the context of the prose of golden fiction, the narrative approaches of Cervantes throughout his literary career, and the metaliterary reflection in his work. It explores the connections of the novel with the text that contains it, not only with the main plot of Don Quixote and Sancho, from the reality-fiction and truth-lie axes, but also from the connections established with the rest of the interpolated episodes.
Strategi Dakwah Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal dalam Menghadapi Penguasa Zalim dalam Kitab Bidāyah Wa An-Nihāyah Jilid Ke-15
Authors: Alriadi Fikra  
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini berpencapaian untuk mengetahui strategi dakwah imam Ahmad bin Hanbal dalam menghadapi penguasa zalim dalam kitab Al Bidāyah wa An-Nihāyah jilid ke-15. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian library research atau penelitian kepustakaan melalui pendekatan analisis isi (content analysis). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara dokumentasi yaitu suatu teknik dimana peneliti akan mengupayakan dan menghimpun serta mengumpulkan data-data yang berhubungan dengan masalah penelitian, kemudian setelah data terkumpul maka akan dilakukan pengkodingan data. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang berusaha mendeskripsikan suatu gejala, peristiwa, kejadian yang terjadi saat sekarang. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi dakwah imam Ahmad bin Hanbal dalam menghadapi penguasa zalim dalam kitab Al Bidāyah wa An-Nihāyah jilid ke-15 menggunakan beberapa strategi yaitu strategi sentimentil (al-manhaj al-athifi), strategi rasional (al-manhaj al-aqli), dan strategi indriawi (al-manhaj al-hissi). Dimana setiap dari strategi tersebut memiliki konsep dan kaidah tersendiri dalam pelaksanaannya sehingga dakwah yang dilakukan ketika menghadapi penguasa zalim dapat dipahami secara detail dengan riwayat-riwayat kisah imam Ahmad sebagai rujukan dan pedoman.