bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nursing and midwifery training program in Kathmandu on antimicrobial resistance and stewardship and infection prevention and control: a qualitative and quantitative outcomes and process evaluation
Authors: Sayami Jamuna Tamrakar , Amatya Rakchya , Karki Kshitij , Bajracharya Deepak , Shrestha Basudha , Srinivasan Sreenidhi , Prentiss Tyler , Shallal Anita , Zervos Marcus , Latack Katie , Kaljee Linda 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundLow- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nurses and midwives are essential to a holistic approach to AMR stewardship (AMS) and IPC within LMICs.Objective(1) Adapt AMS and IPC training programs and practice guidelines for community- and hospital-based nurses and midwives in Nepal; (2) pilot and conduct training outcome and process evaluations.DesignA one-day training was developed through partnerships between Henry Ford Health and nursing and midwifery organizations and teaching facilities in Nepal. Quantitative outcome and process evaluations were conducted. Qualitative process evaluation interviews were conducted with purposefully selected trainees.Setting(s)Trainees worked in healthcare facilities in Kathmandu Valley.ParticipantsA total of 126 nurses and midwives participated in the training and the quantitative evaluation. Eighteen trainees participated in the process evaluation interviews.MethodsThe 10-module program was adapted from AMS and IPC materials from the World Health Organization and the Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, and curricula from previous AMS studies in Nepal. Key outcomes were AMS and IPC knowledge, and decision-making about empirical dispensing of antibiotics. The process evaluation focused on training content, integration into practice, implementation barriers, and recommendations for dissemination. Quantitative data analysis included descriptive and bivariate analysis. Qualitative data analysis included coding, searches, review of coded texts, and identification of patterns and themes.ResultsAMS and AMR knowledge increased at immediate [1.40 (1.06–1.74) CI 95%] and six-month post-training [0.71 (0.35–1.08) CI 95%]. IPC knowledge also increased at immediate [0.79 (0.55–1.03) CI 95%] and six-month post-training [0.72 (0.49–0.96) CI 95%]. At immediate post-training, an increasing number of respondents indicated that they would not dispense antibiotics for adults [14.74% (4.88, 24.60%) CI 95%] and children [8.13% (−1.88, 18.14%) CI 95%] with fever and sore throats, and for non-pregnant women with burning sensation when urinating [10.69% (0.68%, 20.71%) CI 95%]. Process evaluation data indicated positive responses to the training content and relevancy to practice.ConclusionThe AMS-IPC training increased knowledge and decreased intentions for dispensing antibiotics. Participants provided concrete examples of implementation of learnings into practice. Trainings will be adapted to address identified content needs and challenges to implementation.
Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review
Authors: Prescott Stephanie , Billeci Natasa , Gotcher Melissa , Patel Sapna , Almon Addison , Morgan Hailey , Abukhalaf Danielle , Groer Maureen 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDegradation pathways of Tryptophan (TRP) are implicated in a spectrum of physiological adaptations and outcomes associated with pregnancy. The immunomodulatory role of TRP and its metabolites through the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway is particularly relevant to pregnancy due to its potential influence on maternal and fetal immune tolerance and the mother's health.MethodsA targeted literature search was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, focusing on maternal serum TRP levels in pregnancy. We included original human subject research on maternal serum TRP, published in English within the last five years. We included 16 quality studies with direct measurement of TRP in pregnancy including ten prospective cohorts, four case-control studies, and two cross-sectional studies.ResultsTRP levels are reduced both pre- and postnatally in women with depressive symptoms, but not during pregnancy, though the TRP/Kynurenine pathway is disturbed during pregnancy in women with depressive symptoms, women with prolonged labor, women with gestational hypertension, and in adverse outcomes of pregnancy including prematurity and growth restriction.ConclusionTRP and its metabolites hold promise as biomarkers for various pregnancy-related outcomes. Future research should aim to clarify the mechanisms by which TRP metabolism influences maternal and fetal health outcomes.
Epidural abscess formation after chemotherapy for breast cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: An Youzhi , Li Lili , Liu Qingning , Zhang Zhen , Lin Xuelin 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionSpinal epidural abscess is a rare infectious lesion of the central nervous system. Here, we report a rare case of a thoracic suppurative epidural abscess in a female patient who developed incomplete paralysis of both lower limbs after chemotherapy for breast cancer. She underwent surgery and recovered well after surgery.Case reportA 49-year-old female patient developed an epidural abscess after chemotherapy for breast cancer; she suffered sudden pain and paralysis in both lower limbs. Thoracic T9–T11 laminectomy, abscess removal, bone grafting, fusion, and internal fixation were performed. After the operation, the muscle strength in both lower limbs gradually recovered.DiscussionThis is the first reported case of an epidural abscess after chemotherapy for breast cancer. The disease progresses rapidly. During the literature review process, we found that timely removal of the epidural abscess, combined with the administration of appropriate antibiotics at the same time, is crucial for improved healing and successful treatment.
The DUF506 Gene Family in Triticum aestivum: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling Under Salt Stress
Authors: Wang Yueduo , Liu Shuotong , Lin Taiyu , Kan Shenglong , Yu Pei 
Published: January 2025

As a subfamily of the PD-(D/E)XK nuclease superfamily, DUF506 family shows great potential in abiotic stress responding of higher plant, yet its clues of structure, evolution and functions remain largely unexplored due to their distant phylogenetic relationship with other nuclease families, especially in Triticum aestivum. In this study, 26 T. aestivum DUF506 genes (TaDUF506) were identified from genome-wide level through bioinformatic techniques. Phylogenetic and structural analyses revealed that TaDUF506 genes exhibit conserved motif and gene structure patterns intra-phylogenetic clusters but display significant divergence inter-clusters. Gene duplication identification showed that whole-genome duplication event (WGD) was the primary driver of TaDUF506 family expansion, while Ka/Ks analysis indicated that whole TaDUF506 family experienced purifying selection generally. Gene ontology analysis and protein-protein interaction prediction suggested that DUF506 plays a potential role in transcription regulation and nucleotide-excision generally. Promoter analyses highlighted an enrichment of hormone-responsive elements linked to salt stress in TaDUF1.3-3D TaDUF5.1-3A, with expression analysis demonstrated their significant upregulation under salt stress, suggesting the potential roles in stress responses. Altogether, our study advances the understanding of DUF506 gene family in higher plant from structural, evolutional and functional aspects, and thereby provides a foundation for the development of salt-tolerant wheat varieties.
Enhancing Self-Starting Capability and Efficiency of Hybrid Darrieus–Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Turbines with a Dual-Shaft Configuration
Authors: Ghafoorian Farzad , Hosseini Rad Sina , Moghimi Mahdi 
Published: January 2025

Self-starting capability has consistently presented a significant challenge for Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). One advantageous approach to addressing this problem is the design of a hybrid Darrieus–Savonius VAWT. The hybrid VAWT enhances self-starting capability by increasing the power coefficient (Cp) within the low tip speed ratio (TSR) range and the torque coefficient (Cm) at initial azimuth angles, when the blades transition from windward to upwind position. A significant challenge associated with conventional hybrid VAWTs, in which both rotors are mounted on a single shaft, is the decline in efficiency at the high-TSR range. This inefficiency is due to the performance limitations of the inner Savonius rotor, which is designed to function at low angular velocities. In the high-TSR range, the vorticity generation around Savonius rotor buckets adversely impacts the Darrieus rotor performance and the hybrid VAWT. A dual-shaft configuration is proposed to mitigate this issue, which utilizes a drivetrain transmission system to prevent the Savonius rotor from exceeding its optimal angular velocity, thus acting as a control mechanism. The findings indicate that implementing the dual-shaft rotor resulted in a 35% improvement in Cp within the low-TSR range and a 25% enhancement in the high-TSR range. This improvement is achieved when the inner rotor’s angular velocity is maintained at 19.79 rad/s, which has been determined to be the optimal value for the inner rotor.
Quick In Vitro Screening of PGPMs for Salt Tolerance and Evaluation of Induced Tolerance to Saline Stress in Tomato Culture
Authors: Arminjon Lucas , Lefort François 
Published: January 2025

Soil salinity, affecting 20–50% of irrigated farmland globally, poses a significant threat to agriculture and food security, worsened by climate change and increasing droughts. Traditional methods for managing saline soils—such as leaching, gypsum addition, and soil excavation—are costly and often unsustainable. An alternative approach using plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) offers promise for improving crop productivity in saline conditions. This study tested twenty-three bacterial strains, one yeast, and one fungal strain, isolated from diverse sources including salicornia plants, sandy soils, tomato stems or seeds, tree leaves, stems, and flowers. They were initially submitted to in vitro selection tests to assess their ability to promote plant growth under salt stress. In vitro tests included auxin production, phosphate solubilization, and co-culture of microorganisms and tomato seedlings in salt-supplemented media. The Bacillus sp. strain 44 showed the highest auxin production, while Bacillus megaterium MJ had the strongest phosphate solubilization ability. Cryptococcus sp. STSD 4 and Gliomastix murorum (4)10-1(iso1) promoted germination and the growth of tomato seedlings in an in vitro co-culture test performed on a salt-enriched medium. This innovative test proved particularly effective in selecting relevant strains for in planta trials. The microorganisms that performed best in the various in vitro tests were then evaluated in vivo on tomato plants grown in greenhouses. The results showed significant improvements in growth, including increases in fresh and dry biomass and stem size. Among the strains tested, Gliomastix murorum (4)10-1(iso1) stood out, delivering an increase in fresh biomass of 94% in comparison to the negative control of the salt modality. These findings highlight the potential of specific PGPM strains to enhance crop resilience and productivity in saline soils, supporting sustainable agricultural practices.
Current Biological Insights of Castanea sativa Mill. to Improve Crop Sustainability to Climate Change
Authors: Marques Tiago , Ferreira-Pinto Andrea , Fevereiro Pedro , Pinto Teresa , Gomes-Laranjo José 
Published: January 2025

The sustainability of agriculture is seriously threatened by climate change. In Europe, chestnut ecosystems, which are growing mainly in Mediterranean climate, are facing during summertime increasing of heat and drought stresses. These induce fragilities on trees, leading to a reduction in productivity and predisposing them to pest and disease attacks. The plasticity of chestnut species under contrasting climate is known. Understanding the specific adaptation of cultivars to different climate features is now important to anticipating climate changes. Caucasian Region is considered the origin center of chestnut (Castanea sativa), which is characterized by climatic transition from the Mediterranean to the Euro-Siberian area. Mostly, areas of chestnut are concentrated in the countries around the Mediterranean Basin, thriving in regions with humid and Pré-Atlantic bioclimates. In Portugal, more than 95% of the chestnut area is located in the Center and North side of Portugal. This is an anisohydry species, characterized by good hydroplasticity: 90% reduction in A occurs when Ψwstem drops to −1.25 MPa, and a 50% reduction in A occurs at values of −1.7 MPa. The highest fatty acid contents in chestnut chloroplasts are a-linolenic acid (18:3), ranging between 40 and 50% of the total amount and being the unsaturated/saturated 2.27 for Longal. New strategies are being investigated in order to increase tolerance against those abiotic factors in chestnut species. They include the use of innovative irrigation techniques, which can increase production 22–37%. Fertilization with silicone (Si) has been investigated to promote the tolerance of plants against heat and drought stresses. Breeding programs, mostly (in Europe) against ink disease, have been performed since the middle of the XX century to create new genotypes (such the Portuguese ColUTAD®). ClimCast, a network of orchards, was created in Portugal with the aim of responding to the new challenges facing orchards in the context of climate change.
Patients’ reasons for declining a primary care trial online therapy: a mixed methods study
Authors: Fox Fiona , Tallon Debbie , Shafran Roz , Lanham Paul , Williams Christopher , Jude Berry , Wiles Nicola , Kessler David , Turner Katrina 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIntegrating therapist-led sessions and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) materials within one online platform may be effective for people with depression. A trial evaluating this mode of delivering CBT is being conducted. To maximize future trial recruitment and understand patients’ views of health interventions, it is important to explore reasons for declining to participate.AimTo explore patients’ reasons for declining to participate in a trial of integrated online CBT for depression.Design & settingA mixed methods study collecting data from patients via questionnaires and telephone interviews at the three UK trial sites.MethodIndividuals completed a short questionnaire about their reasons for not taking part in the trial. Telephone interviews further explored these reasons with a sub-group. Quantitative data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Qualitative interviews were analysed thematically.ResultsOf 1799 patients who responded to an invitation to participate in the trial, 40.3% declined contact. The most common reasons were not wanting: to take part in research (n=387); therapy provided online (n=284); to receive CBT (n=262). Qualitative interviews with 15 ‘decliners’ highlighted that decisions related to perceptions of eligibility, previous experiences of CBT and uncertainty about receiving CBT online. Personal circumstances, depressive symptoms or other mental health issues were also barriers to participation.ConclusionReasons given by primary care patients for not taking part in a trial of integrated online CBT suggest that, at the point of recruitment, it is important to discuss the patient’s perceptions of their eligibility and whether they would accept the intervention being evaluated.
Направления совершенствования процесса адаптации молодых специалистов на предприятиях нефтегазовой отрасли ( на примере ПАО «Татнефть»)
Authors: Проскурова Н.Э. , Антонов Д.В. 
Published: January 2025

Процесс адаптации молодого специалиста является неотъемлемой частью его подготовки к предстоящей работе. Персонал компании является основным ресурсом компании, а молодые специалисты это ее будущее, именно поэтому проблема адаптации молодых сотрудников на предприятии крайне важна. C недавних пор отечественные специалисты в области управления персоналом активно начали заниматься проблемами адаптации молодых специалистов на предприятии. Нефтегазовая отрасль не первое десятилетие является флагманом национальной экономики России. Актуальность изучения процесса адаптации молодых специалистов, а также определяющих ее факторов, также обусловлена ее значимостью в эволюции человеческого общества. Целью данной статьи является исследовать процесс и систему адаптации молодых специалистов на примере компании ПАО Татнефть и предложить направления по совершенствованию системы адаптации молодых специалистов в данной нефтяной компании.
The process of adaptation of a young specialist is an integral part of his preparation for the upcoming work. The companys staff is the main resource of the company, and young specialists are its future, which is why the problem of adaptation of young employees in the enterprise is extremely important. Recently, domestic specialists in the field of personnel management have actively begun to deal with the problems of adaptation of young specialists in the enterprise. Not the first decade, the oil and gas industry has been the flagship of the national economy of Russia. The relevance of studying the adaptation process of young professionals, as well as the factors determining it, is also due to its significance in the evolution of human society. The purpose of this article is to investigate the process and system of adaptation of young specialists using the example of PJSC TATNEFT and suggest directions for improving the system of adaptation of young specialists in this oil company.
Развитие инновационной деятельности как фактор повышения конкурентоспособности предприятий реального сектора экономики
Authors: Зинич А.В. , Забудский А.И. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются основные направления формирование экономического механизма повышения конкурентоспособности СПК Ермак на основе развития инновационной деятельности.
The article deals with the main directions of the formation of the economic mechanism to improve the competitiveness of the SEC Ermak on the basis of the development of innovation.
Российские инновации в секторе государственного управления в международном контексте
Authors: Афанасьев Р.С. , Богданов Л.Н. 
Published: January 2025

в статье проведен анализ материалов, связанных с реализацией субъектами Российской Федерации мероприятий по повышению эффективности расходов бюджетов регионов с учетом лучшего опыта субъектов Российской Федерации. В статье сделан вывод о достаточно активных инновационных процессах, идущих в секторе государственного управления на региональном и муниципальном уровнях.Причем внедряемые инновации в целом ряде случаев содержательно и структурно соответствуют мировому уровню. Внедрение наиболее удачных инноваций способно существенно повысить эффективность управления общественными (государственными и муниципальными) финансами в масштабах страны.
the article analyzes the materials related to the implementation by the regions of the Russian Federation of measures to increase the efficiency of expenditures of regional budgets taking into account the best practices of the regionsof the Russian Federation. The article concludes that quite active innovation processes are ongoing in the public administration sector at the regional and municipal levels. Moreover, the introduced innovations in a number of cases substantively and structurally correspond to the world level. The introduction of the most successful innovations can significantly increase the efficiency of managing public (state and municipal) finances throughout the country.
Роль и значение иностранных инвестиций в экономике России
Authors: Гаврилова Э.Н. , Буневич К.Г. 
Published: January 2025

развитие мировой экономической системы характеризуется ускорением процессов интернационализации капитала, развитием производственных связей, миграцией трудовых ресурсов, обменом услуг. В такой ситуации необходимость формирования и регулирования инвестиционного климата в национальной экономике растет, а вопрос оптимизации структуры иностранных инвестиций становится как никогда актуальным. В статье исследована структура иностранных инвестиций в российской экономике, факторы, влияющие на привлечение иностранных инвестиций в экономику России и предложены способы привлечения иностранных инвестиций в Россию.
the development of the world economic system is characterized by the acceleration of the processes of internationalization of capital, the development of industrial relations, migration of labor resources, exchange of services. In such a situation, the need to form and regulate the investment climate in the national economy is growing, and the issue of optimizing the structure of foreign investment is becoming more urgent than ever. The article examines the structure of foreign investment in the Russian economy, factors affecting the attraction of foreign investment in the Russian economy and suggests ways to attract foreign investment in Russia.
Проблемы и перспективы использования золотовалютных запасов в РФ
Authors: Гаврилова Э.Н. , Буневич К.Г. 
Published: January 2025

Роль золота в развитии любого государства велика. Чтобы защищать свои интересы и иметь денежные средства на экстренный случай, каждое государство создает финансовые резервы, средством сохранения и накопления которых является золото. В статье исследованы принципы формирования золотовалютных запасов, структура, критерии достаточности и проблемы использования, проанализированы российские золотовалютные запасы.
Abstract: the role of gold in the development of any state is great. In order to protect their interests and to have money in case of emergency, each state creates financial reserves, the means of preservation and accumulation of which is gold. In the article the principles of formation of gold and foreign exchange reserves, structure, sufficiency criteria and problems of use are investigated, the Russian gold and foreign exchange reserves are analyzed.
Особенности нормативного регулирования учета субъектов малого предпринимательства
Authors: Ибрагимова П. , Джабраилова Н.Д. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются проблемы нормативного регулирования ведения бухгалтерского учета субъектами малого предпринимательства. Рассмотрены ключевые нормативно-правовые акты, оказавшие влияние на становление современной системы бухгалтерского учета, применяемой на предприятиях малого бизнеса.
The article discusses the problems of regulatory regulation of accounting by small business entities. The key regulatory acts that influenced the development of the modern accounting system used in small business enterprises are considered.