bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand‐mediated osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by Gryllus bimaculatus extract: An in vitro study
Authors: Eun So Young , Do Park Gyeong , Cheon Yoon‐Hee , Lee Myeung Su , Cho Hae Joong , Kim Ju‐Young 
Published: January 2024

AbstractExcessive bone‐resorbing osteoclast activity during bone remodeling is a major feature of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Therefore, the inhibition of osteoclast formation and bone resorption can be an effective therapeutic target for various bone diseases. Gryllus biomaculatus (GB) has recently been approved as an alternative food source because of its high nutritional value and environmental sustainability. Traditionally, GB has been known to have various pharmacological properties, including antipyretic and blood pressure‐lowering activity, and it has recently been reported to have various biological activities, including protective effects against inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and alcohol‐induced liver injury. However, the effect of GB on osteoclast differentiation and bone metabolism has not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of GB extract (GBE) on the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclast formation. To determine the effect of GBE on RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and function, we performed TRAP and F‐actin staining, as well as a bone‐resorbing assay. The intracellular mechanisms of GBE responsible for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis were revealed by Western blot analysis and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. We investigated the relationship between GBE and expression of osteoclast‐specific molecules to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. It was found that GBE significantly suppressed osteoclastogenesis by decreasing the phosphorylation of Akt, p38, JNK, and ERK, as well as Btk‐PLCγ2 signaling, in pathways involved in early osteoclastogenesis as well as through the subsequent suppression of c‐Fos, NFATc1, and osteoclastogenesis‐specific marker genes. Additionally, GBE inhibited the formation of F‐actin ring‐positive osteoclasts and bone resorption activity of mature osteoclasts. Our findings suggest that GBE is a potential functional food and therapeutic candidate for bone diseases involving osteoclasts.
5,10‐methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase deficiency: An extreme rare defect of folate metabolism in two Dutch siblings
Authors: Liepina Lelde , Smith Desiree E. C. , Huidekoper Hidde , Zeidler Shimriet , Wamelink Mirjam , de Wit Marie‐Claire , Wilke Martina , Ruijter George , Bierau Jörgen , Blom Henk J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo siblings, presenting with a neurometabolic phenotype, were identified with 5, 10‐methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFS) deficiency. Whole genome sequencing in both patients demonstrated an homozygous MTHFS variant NM_006441.3(MTHFS):c.434G > A, p.Arg145Gin, which has been described before. At baseline, both patients showed moderate hyperhomocysteinemia, decreased 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF), and increased 5‐formyltetrahydrofolate (5‐FTHF) in whole blood. In CSF, 5MTHF levels were in the low‐normal range and 5‐FTHF was strongly increased. In our novel enzyme assay, MTHFS activity was deficient in cultured fibroblasts in both sisters. Oral treatment was initiated with escalating dose of 5‐methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) up to 12 mg and hydroxycobalamin 5 mg daily. Plasma homocysteine normalized and 5MTHF became elevated in the blood of both patients. The elevated 5FTHF levels increased further on treatment in blood and CSF. This regimen resulted in some clinical improvement of patient 1. In patient 2, the clinical benefits of 5MTHF supplementation were less obvious. It seems plausible that the alleviation of the deficient 5MTHF levels and normalization of homocysteine in blood are of some clinical benefit. On the other hand, the very high levels of 5FTHF may well be detrimental and may prompt us to decrease the dose of 5MTHF. In addition, we hypothesize that the crippled MTHFS enzyme may destabilize the purinosome, which is presumably not ameliorated by 5MTHF.
Raman spectroscopy of Wadsley phases of vanadium oxide
Authors: Shvets Petr , Krylov Alexander , Maksimova Ksenia , Goikhman  
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe summarize the current knowledge on crystal structures, synthesis, applications, and Raman spectroscopy of Wadsley phases of vanadium oxide, including VO2 (B), V6O13, V4O9, V3O7, and V2O5. While these oxides have garnered significant attention for potential energy storage applications and have been studied for decades, there remains inconsistency in data regarding their characteristic Raman spectra. To address this, we synthesized a series of Wadsley phases by physical vapor deposition of amorphous vanadium oxide films and subsequent annealing in a controlled environment. X‐ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of VO2 (B), V6O13, V4O9, and V3O7. We meticulously measured the room‐temperature Raman spectra of these phases, offering robust reference data for the easy identification of vanadium oxides in unknown samples. Finally, we studied low‐temperature phase transitions in VO2 (B) and V6O13.
Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography as an adjunctive method to ICG lymphography for functional lymphaticovenous anastomosis
Authors: Mo Young Woong , Lee Seung Jun , Lee Dong Won , Lee Won Jai , Im Sang Hee , Suh Young Chul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIndocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is the reference standard for evaluating lymphedema stage and identifying lymphatic vessels. However, the penetration depth was limited to 1–2 cm from the skin surface. This prospective study compares clinical outcomes following lymphaticovenous anastomoses (LVA) in patients with upper and lower limb lymphedema using contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with ICG as a preoperative imaging modality.MethodsUnder general anesthesia, Sonazoid® was injected subcutaneously to visualize functional lymphatic channels via CEUS. We analyzed the changes in limb circumference and inter‐limb ratio (ILR) using bioimpedance to measure electrical resistance between the CEUS plus ICG group and the ICG‐only group to see the effect of CEUS‐assisted LVA.ResultsNo significant demographic differences existed between the two groups (CEUS plus ICG group vs. ICG‐only group). The ILR decrease of the Z1 value measured using bioimpedance was statistically significant (p = 0.042 for the upper limb, p = 0.002 for the lower limb)‐ConclusionsCEUS allowed us to identify deep‐lying, functional, and large lymphatic channels. In conclusion, the combination of CEUS and ICG for identifying lymphatic channels has the potential to lead to a more functional lymphovenous anastomosis
A precise approach to robotic intracorporeal rectal transection and hand‐sewn purse‐string anastomosis for low anterior resection
Authors: Stevanato Filho Paulo. R. , Bezerra Tiago S. , Marques Tomas M. D. M. , Nahime Rebeca H. , Takahashi Renata M. , Nakagawa Wilson T. , Lopes Ademar , Aguiar Samuel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study presents a new technique for robotic‐assisted intracorporeal rectal transection and hand‐sewn anastomosis for low anterior resection that overcomes some limitations of conventional techniques. By integrating the advantages of the robotic platform, ensuring standardized exposure during rectal transection, and emphasizing the importance of avoiding complications associated with staple crossings, this innovation has the potential to significantly improve outcomes and reduce costs for patients with lower rectal tumors.
Larger stem to bone diameter ratio predicts lower cemented endoprosthesis failure
Authors: Kadkoy Yazan , Ippolito Joseph A. , Schneider Gregory , Thomson Jennifer , Park Claire , Dias Rosamaria , Beebe Kathleen S. , Patterson Francis R. , Benevenia Joseph 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWith continued advances in treatment options, patients with endoprosthetic reconstruction are living longer and consequently relying upon their devices for a longer duration. Major causes of endoprosthesis failure include aseptic loosening and mechanical failure. In the setting of tumor resection, loss of bone stock and use of radiation therapy increase the risk for these complications. As such, considerations of remaining native bone and stem length and diameter may be increasingly important. We asked the following questions: (1) What was the overall rate of endoprosthesis failure at a minimum of 5‐year follow‐up? (2) Does resection length increase implant failure rates? (3) Does implant size and its ratio to cortical width of bone alter implant failure rates?MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patient outcomes at a single institution between the years of 1999−2022 who underwent cemented endoprosthetic reconstruction at the hip or knee and identified 150 patients. Of these 150, 55 had a follow‐up of greater than 5 years and were used for analysis. Radiographs of these patients at time of surgery were assessed and measured for resection length, bone diameter, stem diameter, and remaining bone length. Resection percentage, and stem to bone diameter ratios were then calculated and their relationship to endoprosthesis failure were analyzed.ResultsPatients in this cohort had a mean age of 55.8, and mean follow‐up of 59.96 months. There were 78 distal femoral replacements (52%), 16 proximal femoral replacements (10.7%), and 56 proximal tibial replacements (37.3%). There were five patients who experienced aseptic loosening and six patients who experienced mechanical failure. Patients with implant failure had a smaller mean stem to bone diameter (36% vs. 44%; p = 0.002). A stem to bone diameter of 40% appeared to be a breaking point between success and failure in this series, with 90% of patients with implant failure having a stem: bone ratio less than 40%. Stem to bone ratio less than 40% increased risk for failure versus stems that were at least 40% the diameter of bone (6/19 [31.6%] vs. 0/36 [0%]; odds ratio 0.68; p < 0.001). Resection length did not appear to have an impact on the rates of aseptic loosening and mechanical failure in this series.ConclusionsData from this series suggests a benefit to using stems with a larger diameter when implanting cemented endoprostheses at the hip or knee. Stems which were less than 40% the diameter of bone were substantially more likely to undergo implant failure.
A lighter weight substation infrared defect detection algorithm combining de‐weighted feature fusion and loss function fusion
Authors: Gao Ruxin , Li Xinyu , Wang Tengfei , Ding Hao , Jin Haiquan , Liu Qunpo , Su Bo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe traditional infrared inspection of substations is usually done by employees with handheld infrared equipment, but the traditional inspection efficiency is not high, and some of the inspection locations have harsh environments, high voltage levels, and high‐risk factors. Given the above problems, this paper proposes an improved defect detection algorithm for substations based on YOLO v7 to solve the difficult problem of infrared inspection of substations. First, the lighter SE‐GhostNetV2 feature extraction network is designed to reduce the computation volume; second, the de‐weighted BIFPN structure is designed for the substation infrared image features to improve the ability of information interaction; finally, the new C‐NWD Loss is proposed to realize the detection of smaller substation equipment and reducing missed detections. The experimental results show that the hybrid accuracy of the algorithm designed in this paper is improved from 92.1% to 96.6%, the model parameters are reduced by 40.1%, the computation amount is reduced by 65%, the detection speed is improved by 87 FPS, and the false detection and missed detections is less, which can achieve real‐time infrared inspection of substations and solve the difficulties existing in traditional substation infrared detection.
Terahertz couplers based on branch lines and waveguide resonators
Authors: Li Ching , Cheng Yu‐Hsiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents two waveguide quadrature hybrids in the WR‐3 band, which are designed to be fabricated by computer numerical control milling process with relaxed branch width requirements. An E‐plane four‐branch directional coupler gives an amplitude imbalance less than 0.8 dB and a phase difference between 88° and 94° from 240 to 324 GHz. Another design is an H‐plane bandpass coupler composed of cavity resonators, showing a bandwidth of 2% near 300 GHz.
Towards optimal heterogeneous prostate radiotherapy dose prescriptions based on patient‐specific or population‐based biological features
Authors: Zhao Yutong , Haworth Annette , Reynolds Hayley M. , Williams Scott G. , Finnegan Robert , Rowshanfarzad Pejman , Ebert Martin A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEscalation of prescribed dose in prostate cancer (PCa) radiotherapy enables improvement in tumor control at the expense of increased toxicity. Opportunities for reduction of treatment toxicity may emerge if more efficient dose escalation can be achieved by redistributing the prescribed dose distribution according to the known heterogeneous, spatially‐varying characteristics of the disease.PurposeTo examine the potential benefits, limitations and characteristics of heterogeneous boost dose redistribution in PCa radiotherapy based on patient‐specific and population‐based spatial maps of tumor biological features.MethodHigh‐resolution prostate histology images, from a cohort of 63 patients, annotated with tumor location and grade, provided patient‐specific “maps” and a population‐based “atlas” of cell density and tumor probability. Dose prescriptions were derived for each patient based on a heterogeneous redistribution of the boost dose to the intraprostatic lesions, with the prescription maximizing patient tumor control probability (TCP). The impact on TCP was assessed under scenarios where the distribution of population‐based biological data was ignored, partially included, or fully included in prescription generation. Heterogeneous dose prescriptions were generated for three combinations of maps and atlas, and for conventional fractionation (CF), extreme hypo‐fractionation (EH), moderate hypo‐fractionation (MH), and whole Pelvic RT + SBRT Boost (WPRT + SBRT). The predicted efficacy of the heterogeneous prescriptions was compared with equivalent homogeneous dose prescriptions.ResultsTCPs for heterogeneous dose prescriptions were generally higher than those for homogeneous dose prescriptions. TCP escalation by heterogeneous dose prescription was the largest for CF. When only using population‐based atlas data, the generated heterogeneous dose prescriptions of 55 to 58 patients (out of 63) had a higher TCP than for the corresponding homogeneous dose prescriptions. The TCPs of the heterogeneous dose prescriptions generated with the population‐based atlas and tumor probability maps did not differ significantly from those using patient‐specific biological information. The generated heterogeneous dose prescriptions achieved significantly higher TCP than homogeneous dose prescriptions in the posterior section of the prostate.ConclusionHeterogeneous dose prescriptions generated via biologically‐optimized dose redistribution can produce higher TCP than the homogeneous dose prescriptions for the majority of the patients in the studied cohort. For scenarios where patient‐specific biological information was unavailable or partially available, the generated heterogeneous dose prescriptions can still achieve TCP improvement relative to homogeneous dose prescriptions.
Women's attitudes towards disclosure of genetic information in pregnancy with varying levels of penetrance
Authors: Libman Vitalia , Macarov Michal , Friedlander Yechiel , Hochner‐Celnikier Drorith , Sompolinsky Yishai , Dior Uri P. , Osovsky Michael , Basel‐Salmon Lina , Wiznitzer Arnon , Neumark Yehuda , Meiner Vardiella , Frumkin Ayala , Hochner Hagit , Shkedi‐Rafid Shiri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundChromosomal‐microarray‐analysis (CMA) may reveal susceptibility‐loci (SL) of varied penetrance for autism‐spectrum‐disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental conditions. Attitudes of women/parents to disclosure of SL during pregnancy are understudied.MethodsA multiple‐choice questionnaire was distributed to postpartum women. Data were collected on women's interest to receive prenatal genetic information with various levels of penetrance.ResultsWomen's (n = 941) disclosure choices were dependent on the magnitude of risk: approximately 70% supported disclosure of either full or 40% penetrance, 53% supported disclosure at a 20% risk threshold, and 40% supported disclosure at 10% or less. Although most women supported, rejected or were indecisive about disclosure consistently across all risk levels, nearly one‐quarter (24%) varied their responses based on penetrance, and this was associated with religiosity, education, parity and concern about fetal health (p‐values <0.04). Among those who varied their choices, the risk threshold was lower among secular women (20%) than among ultraorthodox women (40%). In a multivariable analysis, ultraorthodox women were much less likely to vary their choices on ASD disclosure compared with secular women (aOR = 0.37, p < 0.001).ConclusionWomen's attitudes toward disclosure are influenced by the level of risk and their individual characteristics. We therefore encourage engaging women/couples in disclosure decisions regarding uncertain and probabilistic results from prenatal genomic tests.
Long covid and mental and physical health: A cross‐sectional study of adults in California
Authors: Mason Tyler B. , Knight Tara K. , Lee Ryan , Herzig Shirin E. , Meeker Daniella , Doctor Jason N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionMost people recover from COVID‐19 infection over a short period of time, but a minority of individuals experience symptoms over a longer duration (≥28 days), termed “long covid.” The purpose of the current study was to examine differences between individuals with a long covid diagnosis (i.e., diagnosed long covid), who believe they do or might have long covid (i.e., self‐reported long covid), and people without long covid.MethodsAdults who had been diagnosed with COVID‐19 completed survey questions about COVID‐19 history, long covid, and mental and physical health. Analysis of covariance models showed an effect of long covid group (i.e., diagnosed, self‐reported, and no long covid) with anxiety, depression, physical function, fatigue, social roles/activity limitations, and pain interference.ResultsAnalyses demonstrated that the self‐reported long covid group had significantly greater anxiety and depression than the no long covid group. The diagnosed long covid group had significantly greater physical function problems than the no long covid group. Both diagnosed and self‐reported long covid groups had significantly greater fatigue, social roles/activity limitations, and pain interference as compared to the no long covid group.ConclusionOverall, physical health challenges were reported by individuals with long covid, with fatigue being the most significant symptom. In addition, negative mental health was only experienced by individuals with self‐reported long covid, suggesting the importance of long covid diagnosis and treatment.
Observer‐based critically damped feedback systems for nonlinear roll‐to‐roll printing machine applications under decentralized strategy
Authors: Kim Seok‐Kyoon , Kim Dong Soo , Ahn Choon Ki 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThis article exhibits an advanced observer‐based single‐loop feedback system for roll‐to‐roll (R2R) machine tension control applications by treating the nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, and closed‐loop performance inconsistency as the main challenges. The proposed solution provides the three features as follows: (a) a critically damped web velocity feedback system governed by double integral control with active damping terms and a disturbance observer (DOB) through first‐order pole–zero cancellation (PZC); (b) a model‐free second‐order PZC observer enabling feedback for the tension derivative information; (c) a combination of a proportional–integral (PI) controller, nonlinearly structured PI gains, active damping terms, and a DOB to assign critical damping performance to each tension loop through first‐order PZC. The simulation results numerically validate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Observer‐based finite‐time security fault‐tolerant control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems under byzantine adversaries
Authors: Song Lanlan , Li Kewen , Li Yongming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the issue of security‐based adaptive output feedback finite‐time fault‐tolerant control (FTC) for nonlinear multi‐agent systems subjected to Byzantine attacks. In this work, the fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the unknown nonlinearities, and unmeasurable states are estimated by the designed state observer. In addition, a data selector is designed to detect extremely malicious data of the controlled system. Considering the actuator faults, a novel Nussbaum function is utilized to compensate for the uncertainties of attacks and intermittent failures. Then, by introducing first‐order filter, an observer‐based distributed adaptive output feedback finite‐time security FTC algorithm is developed, which demonstrates all signals of the system are bounded, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed control scheme can be verified by simulation results.
Highly Dispersed Ultrasmall High‐Entropy Alloys Nanoparticles as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Acidic Media
Authors: Kuang Huayi , Xu Zhiyuan , Tan Xin , Yu Ke , Chen Chen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys nanoparticles (HEAs NPs) have gained considerable attention due to their extensive compositional tunability and intriguing catalytic properties. However, the synthesis of highly dispersed ultrasmall HEAs NPs remains a formidable challenge due to their inherent thermodynamic instability. In this study, highly dispersed ultrasmall (ca. 2 nm) PtCuGaFeCo HEAs NPs are synthesized using a one‐pot solution‐based method at 160 °C and atmospheric pressure. The PtCuGaFeCo NPs exhibit good catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The half‐wave potential relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) reaches 0.88 V, and the mass activity and specific activity are approximately six times and four times higher than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Based on X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analyses, the surface strain and optimized coordination environments of PtCuGaFeCo have led to high ORR activities in acidic media. Moreover, the ultrasmall size also plays an important role in enhancing catalytic performance. The work presents a facile and viable synthesis strategy for preparing the ultrasmall HEAs NPs, offering great potential in energy and electrocatalysis applications through entropy engineering.