bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and optimization using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm of self‐propelled machine reach envelope
Authors: Singh Gajendra , Tewari V. K. , Potdar R. R. , Kumar Sitesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSelf‐propelled machinery, which is a crucial component of agricultural mechanization, is essential for enhancing production. Few farming operations involve the operation of riding‐type self‐propelled machinery for a prolonged period of time (6–8 h/day) and in a fluctuating weather condition in field condition. To alleviate the operator's workload, an ergonomically designed self‐propelled reach envelope was developed using various configuration simulator systems. To model the process and achieve the desired output for the development of simulator of self‐propelled machinery, artificial neural network (ANN) technique was employed. The simulator was tested using a range of control lever positions (0–23) and engine speeds (1600 and 2000 rpm). The study investigated how these process parameters influence the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of female farm workers and determined the optimal operating parameters corresponding to the 100% OCR of female agricultural workers. Genetic algorithm (GA) was used along with the developed ANN model to forecast the OCR of agricultural workers. The experimental mean ± SD values were found 0.79 ± 0.04 L/min and predicated ANN values were found to be 0.776 ± 0.06 L/min for OCR, respectively. It is evident that not all operating parameters have the same effect on OCR. The training, testing, validation, and overall data sets employed in the ANN model and yielded correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.50889, 0.44229, 0.39029, and 0.48323, respectively. The goodness of fit was another crucial factor in evaluating the ANN tools. The ANN model demonstrated the lowest mean‐square error value that indicates higher precision and predictive power. The results satisfy the most suitable optimal parameters for the OCR of female workers operating the self‐propelled machinery simulator.
Enhanced Yield of Sodium Alginate Extracted fromPadina gymnosporaUsing a Greener Microwave and Ultrasound Hybrid System
Authors: Buxoo Swabiiha , Ramasawmy Hareenanden , Jeetah Pratima 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, alginate was extracted fromPadina gymnospora(PG) by applying the sequential combination of microwaves followed by ultrasounds (at low power and amplitude settings) using an organic acid pre‐treatment. The optimum alginate yield was investigated by varying the type of acid (oxalic and formic) and seaweed particle size range (0.295–0.495 and 0.146–0.246 mm). The extracted sodium alginate was then characterised in terms of FTIR,1H‐NMR, M/G ratio, viscosity and colour. The synergistic effect of the microwave‐ultrasound hybrid system for short timeframes (15 min each) successfully improved the alginate yield without compromising its structural composition, while allowing for a milder and greener organic acid to be used for the acid pre‐treatment. The highest alginate yield (~64 %) was obtained using formic acid and the smaller particle size range (0.146–0.246 mm). The latter thus highlights the importance of particle size reduction and optimisation. FTIR, NMR and viscosity analyses revealed a low guluronic acid content of alginate with a high M/G ratio (7.7±1.0–9.3±0.1) and low viscosity (2.92±0.09–3.05±0.06 cP), which was found to be inherent to the species used. The proposed novel method therefore opens prospects for the industry since it is both environmentally and economically sustainable.
An Efficient and Recyclable Acid Catalyst (PolyE‐IL) for Production of Pectin from Citrus Peel Waste
Authors: Singh Pragya , Vasishta Ayush , Pawar Hitesh S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCitrus fruit waste is a potential source for valorisation into pectin. In present manuscript a PolyE‐IL‐1 as an efficient acid catalyst has been integrated for fractionation of pectin from citrus fruit waste. The use of PolyE‐IL‐1 catalyst has specific advantages in term of high yield, ease of catalyst separation, recycle and reuse etc. The process optimization study was conducted to check the influence of catalyst concentration, temperature, time and substrate concentration etc., to obtain maximum yield of pectin. The intensified process yields 30 % pectin at 95 °C in 90 min in batch mode of operation. Moreover, batch reactor, ultrasound batch reactor and microwave batch reactor were compared to observe the influence of the mode of reactor operation. Various citrus waste feedstock (Orange, Sweet lime and Lemon) was tested and maximum yield of (32.52 %) pectin was obtained from Lemon peels. The catalyst recyclability study showed consistency in pectin yield (30 %) for five consecutive recycle runs. Thus, the use of an easily recyclable PolyE‐IL‐1 catalyst provides an efficient route to produce pectin from citrus fruit peel waste.
TBA−Br and Selectfluor Mediated Bromination of Glycals and Heterocyclic Compounds: Substrate Scope and Synthetic Utility
Authors: Maheshwari Mittali , Hussain Nazar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, we have devised a metal‐free stereoselective protocol mediated by selectfluor for the dibromination of sugar enol‐ethers and monobromination of heterocyclic compounds. The dibromination of glycals was achieved within 5 minutes at room temperature with excellent yields. The tolerance of various protecting groups such as acetyl, benzyl, and silyl in sugars was checked. When the same reagent system was applied to substituted indoles and chromones 3‐brominated products were obtained but at elevated temperatures. The synthetic utility of the methodology was demonstrated by using the brominated indoles and chromones to synthesize the 3‐aryl indoles and isoflavones respectively via Suzuki‐Miyura cross‐coupling reactions.
Fabrication and characterization of ZSM‐5@Silicalite‐1 core‐shell composites and their application in hexane catalytic cracking
Authors: Zhu Jiale , Yang Fan , Yan Siyan , Wu Haidan , Zhu Xuedong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA variety of core‐shell structure catalysts with different shell thicknesses were fabricated by hydrothermal coating. Multiple characterization technologies including XRD, SEM, N2 adsorption‐desorption, NH3‐TPD and IR were employed to explore the physicochemical properties of all the samples, demonstrating that the shell layer was successfully introduced on the exterior of the core. The results of hexane cracking disclosed that with the increase of shell thickness, olefins selectivities increased continuously accompanied by a minor decrease of hexane conversion. Only when controlling the shell thickness to 150 nm could manifest the best performance with light olefins yields of 51.1 %, much higher than those of 23.2 % on the core catalyst. On the other hand, the catalyst lifetime was greatly improved, which presented a decrease of only 2.8 % in hexane conversion, relative to 9.7 % on the core catalyst during the reaction period of 80 h. Above exciting phenomenon was attributed to the growth of protective shell outside the core, which passivated the external acid sites greatly, thus side reactions were inhibited dramatically. It is firmly believed that our work provided a novel reference for the production of light oil cracking catalyst in industry, which will make up for the shortage of olefins considerably.
Efficient Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Chalcogenophenes by a One‐pot, Stepwise Glaser Coupling – Cycloaddition Sequence
Authors: Li Shiju , Liu Fanmin , Qian Chao , Zhou Shaodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA mild and efficient method for the synthesis of 2,5‐disubstituted chalcogenophenes is reported. This method involves two steps of reactions via one‐pot approach by employing commercially available and cost‐effective alkynes and element chalcogen. Further, by using LiNH2 as the promoter and DMSO/EtOH as the solvent, Cu‐catalyzed Glaser coupling‐cycloaddition processes are dramatically enhanced that a diverse range of chalcogenophenes can be obtained in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. Controlled experiments show that trisulfur radical anion (S3⋅−) is the key intermediate and DMSO/EtOH serves as the hydrogen source, while alcohol may facilitate the transition state.
Selective Electrophoretic Deposition of Silicon Nanoparticles onto PAN‐Based Carbon Fiber as a Prospective Anode for Structural Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tobing Daniel Tulus L. , Prakoso Bagas , Adios Celfi Gustine , Hawari Naufal Hanif , Wiriadinata Raden Erlangga M. , Dirgantara Tatacipta , Judawisastra Hermawan , Sumboja Afriyanti 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe demand for revolutionizing the lightweight design of Li‐ion batteries has become inevitable due to the ever‐increasing development of electric transportation modes. Integration of structural and energy storage functionalities into a single structural battery device can be a smart way to improve the overall performance of electric vehicles. In this study, we propose a facile and cost‐effective approach to develop a prospective anode for structural Li‐ion batteries through electrophoretic deposition of silicon (Si) particles onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based carbon fiber. The synthesis method is able to selectively deposit small‐sized silicon particles on the surface of carbon fiber, producing a thin, continuous, and porous coating of silicon nanoparticles on commercial PAN‐based carbon fiber. The synthesized Si/PAN‐based carbon fiber electrode exhibits remarkable mechanical properties, delivering a tensile strength of 2.57 GPa and a tensile modulus of 118.2 GPa. Benefitting from the morphology of the deposited silicon, the discharge capacity of silicon/PAN‐based carbon fiber anode can reach 565 mAh g−1 with 81 % capacity retention after 50 cycles. This work highlights the potential of silicon‐modified carbon fiber electrodes obtained via a simple and cost‐effective deposition method for structural Li‐ion battery applications.
LiPF6 Induces Phosphorization of Garnet‐Type Solid‐State Electrolyte for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Chen Nan , Gui Boshun , Yang Binbin , Deng Chenglong , Liang Yaohui , Zhang Fengling , Li Bohua , Sun Wen , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGarnet solid electrolyte Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) is an excellent inorganic ceramic‐type solid electrolyte; however, the presence of Li2CO3 impurities on its surface hinders Li‐ion transport and increases the interface impedance. In contrast to traditional methods of mechanical polishing, acid corrosion, and high‐temperature reduction for removing Li2CO3, herein, a straightforward “waste‐to‐treasure” strategy is proposed to transform Li2CO3 into Li3PO4 and LiF in LiPF6 solution under 60 °C. It is found that the formation of Li3PO4 during LLZTO pretreatment facilitates rapid Li‐ion transport and enhances ionic conductivity, and the LLZTO/PAN composite polymer electrolyte shows the highest Li‐ion transference number of 0.63. Additionally, the dense LiF layer serves to safeguard the internal garnet solid electrolyte against solvent decomposition‐induced chemical adsorption. Symmetric Li/Li cells assembled with treated LLZTO/PAN composite electrolyte exhibit a critical current density of 1.1 mA cm−2 and a long lifespan of up to 700 h at a current density of 0.2 mA cm−2. The Li/LiFePO4 solid‐state cells demonstrate stable cycling performances for 141 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C, with capacity retention of 93.6% after 190 cycles. This work presents a novel approach to converting waste into valuable resources, offering the advantages of simple processes, and minimal side reactions.
An Orthogonal Conductance Pathway in Spiropyrans for Well‐Defined Electrosteric Switching Single‐Molecule Junctions
Authors: Jago David , Liu Chongguang , Daaoub Abdalghani H. S. , Gaschk Emma , Walkey Mark C. , Pulbrook Thea , Qiao Xiaohang , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Moggach Stephen A. , Costa‐Milan David , Higgins Simon J. , Piggott Matthew J. , Sadeghi Hatef , Nichols Richard J. , Sangtarash Sara , Vezzoli Andrea , Koutsantonis George A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile a multitude of studies have appeared touting the use of molecules as electronic components, the design of molecular switches is crucial for the next steps in molecular electronics. In this work, single‐molecule devices incorporating spiropyrans, made using break junction techniques, are described. Linear spiropyrans with electrode‐contacting groups linked by alkynyl spacers to both the indoline and chromenone moieties have previously provided very low conductance values, and removing the alkynyl spacer has resulted in a total loss of conductance. An orthogonal T‐shaped approach to single‐molecule junctions incorporating spiropyran moieties in which the conducting pathway lies orthogonal to the molecule backbone is described and characterized. This approach has provided singlemolecule conductance features with good correlation to molecular length. Additional higher conducting states are accessible using switching induced by UV light or protonation. Theoretical modeling demonstrates that upon (photo)chemical isomerization to the merocyanine, two cooperating phenomena increase conductance: release of steric hindrance allows the conductance pathway to become more planar (raising the mid‐bandgap transmission) and a bound state introduces sharp interference near the Fermi level of the electrodes similarly responding to the change in state. This design step paves the way for future use of spiropyrans in single‐molecule devices and electrosteric switches.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Bioinspired Peptide‐Decorated Apatite Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine
Authors: Guérin Mathilde , Lebrun Aurélien , Kuhn Liisa , Azaïs Thierry , Laurent Guillaume , Marsan Olivier , Drouet Christophe , Subra Gilles 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHybrid organic–inorganic bio‐inspired apatite nanoparticles (NPs) are attractive for biomedical applications and especially in nanomedicine. Unfortunately, their applications in nanomedicine are limited by their broad particle size distributions and uncontrolled drug loading due to their multistep synthesis process. Besides, very few attempts at exposing bioactive peptides on apatite NPs are made. In this work, an original one‐pot synthesis of well‐defined bioactive hybrid NPs composed of a mineral core of bioinspired apatite surrounded by an organic corona of bioactive peptides is reported. Dual stabilizing‐bioactive agents, phosphonated polyethylene glycol‐peptide conjugates, are prepared and directly used during apatite precipitation i) to form the organic corona during apatite precipitation, driving the size and shape of resulting hybrid NPs with colloidal stabilization and ii) to expose peptide moieties (RGD or YIGSR sequences) at the NPs periphery in view of conferring additional surface properties to enhance their interaction with cells. Here, the success of this approach is demonstrated, the functionalized NPs are fully characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared, Raman, X‐ray diffraction, solid and liquid state NMR, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering, and their interaction with fibroblast cells is followed, unveiling a synergistic proliferative effect.
Exploring Robust Delayed Fluorescence Materials via Structural Rigidification for Realizing Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with High Efficiencies and Small Roll‐Offs
Authors: Chen Jinke , Liu Zhangshan , Chen Letian , Zou Peng , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhao Zujin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials have been widely studied for the fabrication of high‐performance organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), but the serious efficiency roll‐offs still remain unsolved in most cases. Herein, it is wish to report a series of robust green TADF compounds containing rigid xanthenone acceptor and acridine‐based spiro donors. The enhancement in molecular rigidity not only endows the compounds with improved thermal stability but also results in reduced geometric vibrations and thus lowered reorganization energies. These compounds exhibit distinct merits of high thermal stabilities, excellent photoluminescence quantum efficiencies (96%–97%), large horizontal dipole orientation ratios (87.4%–92.1%) and fast TADF rates (1.4–1.5 × 106 s‒1). The OLEDs using them as emitters furnish superb electroluminescence performances with outstanding external quantum efficiencies (ηexts) of up to 37.4% and very small efficiency roll‐offs. Moreover, highly efficient hyperfluorescence OLEDs are obtained by using them as sensitizers for the green mutilresonance TADF emitter BN2, delivering excellent ηexts of up to 34.2% and improved color purity. These results disclose the high potential of these TADF compounds as emitters and sensitizers for OLEDs.
Recent Advances of Benzodithiophene‐Based Donor Materials for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Dan , Wang Yanyan , Yang Shu , Quan Jianwei , Deng Jiawei , Wang Jianru , Li Yubing , Tong Yongfen , Wang Qian , Chen Lie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) has increased dramatically, making a big step toward the industrial application of OSCs. Among numerous OSCs, benzodithiophene (BDT)‐based OSCs stand out in achieving efficient PCE. Notably, single‐junction OSCs using BDT‐based polymers as donor materials have completed a PCE of over 19%, indicating a dramatic potential for preparing high‐performance large‐scale OSCs. This paper reviews the recent progress of OSCs based on BDT polymer donor materials (PDMs). The development of BDT‐based OSCs is concisely summarized. Meanwhile, the relationship between the structure of PDMs and the performance of OSCs is further described in this review. Besides, the development and prospect of single junction OSCs are also discussed.
Modeling and exploring the evolution of the mobile software ecosystem: How far are we?
Authors: Xiao Jianmao , Xu Zhipeng , Zhang Donghua , Chen Shiping , Liu Chenyu , Feng Zhiyong , Fan Guodong , Ouyang Chuying 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe health of mobile software ecosystems is closely related to the interests of software developers, end‐users, and stakeholders. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain the mobile software ecosystem healthy and functioning. Researchers have done considerable research on mobile software ecosystems like Android and iOS. However, the evolution laws implicit in mobile software ecosystems have not attracted widespread attention. This paper proposes a research framework for investigating the evolution process and influencing factors of mobile software ecosystems based on community mining. Firstly, we mine the evolving ecosystem from many mobile software projects based on a community detection algorithm. Then we analyze the evolution process of the ecosystem by identifying evolution events in different periods. Furthermore, we utilize the multinomial logistics regression model to analyze the relevant indicators and summarize the crucial factors affecting the evolution. Meanwhile, by training the long short term memory (LSTM) model to predict evolution events, our prediction accuracy can reach 75%. This work can be used to maintain and improve the healthy operations of mobile software ecosystems.
Solid‐phase extraction of losartan and chlordiazepoxide from biological samples using sponge‐activated carbon
Authors: Khodadoust Saeid , Pirayesh Ferdous , Zeraatpisheh Fatemeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this research, sponge‐activated carbon was applied as an effective adsorbent for simultaneous dispersive solid ultrasound‐assisted microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography for the preconcentration and determination of losartan (LOS) and chlordiazepoxide (CDP) drugs from urine and plasma samples. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller techniques. To investigate the effects of different parameters, such as adsorbent dosage, pH, adsorption time, and volume of extraction solvent on the extraction process of LOS and CDP, a central composite design (CCD)‐based response surface methodology was applied. Using a CCD, the optimized factors achieved an adsorption time of 13 min, an adsorbent dosage of 14 mg, an extraction solvent (methanol) of 1.3 mL, and pH = 4.7 under the desirability function. Under the optimized conditions, the presented method showed a wide linear range of 0.005–10.0 μg/mL with a limit of detections of 0.0011 and 0.0018 μg/mL for LOS and CDP, respectively. Moreover, the applied method had relative standard deviations of 4.7% and 5.3% for LOS and CDP, respectively.
Shear bond between existing concrete and high‐strength fiber reinforced overlay: Influence of substrate strength and interface roughness
Authors: Iavarone Fabiola , Vecchio Frank J. , Plizzari Giovanni , Minelli Fausto 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBonded concrete overlays are widely used for strengthening and repair of concrete members. The aim of a concrete repair is to restore the load‐carrying capacity and stiffness of a concrete member, and to extend the service life of a structure. The bond between substrate and overlay is one of the main factors concerning the serviceability of a composite member consisting of concrete of different ages. This paper aims at better evaluating, through an extensive experimental program, the shear bond strength between existing concrete and a subsequently applied fiber reinforced overlay. The main purposes of this test program are to study the influence of the substrate strength and of the substrate surface roughness on the interface bond strength between a substrate and overlay concrete. A refinement of a novel bond test, proposed by some of the authors of this paper, is also implemented. Results indicate that there is an increase in the bond strength with an increase in the substrate compressive strength. On the other hand, the results suggest that, for the substrate strength classes investigated, the surface roughness does not influence the interface bond strength.
Recent Advances in Floating Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Ahmed Asmaa , Elsakka Mohamed , Elminshawy Nabil , Mohamed Ayman , Sundaram Senthilarasu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn recent years, floating photovoltaic (FPV) technologies have gained more importance as a key source of clean energy, particularly in the context of providing sustainable energy to buildings. The rise of land scarcity and the need to reduce carbon emissions have made FPV systems a cost‐effective solution for generating electricity. This review article aims to explore the rapidly growing trend of floating PV systems, which can be a practical solution for regions with limited land areas. The article discusses the structure of the PV modules used in FPV plants and key factors that affect site suitability choice. Moreover, the article presents various techniques for cooling and cleaning FPV to keep optimal performance and discusses feasible trends and prospects for the technology. Finally, this paper proposes the potential integration of FPV systems with other technologies to enhance energy generation efficiency and discusses other research aimed at the advancement of the technology. By examining the various features of FPV systems, this review article contributes to understanding the advantages and challenges associated with using this sustainable energy technology in different regional contexts.