bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diel and seasonal mixing patterns and water quality dynamics in a multipurpose tropical semiarid reservoir
Authors: Rocha Maria Aparecida Melo , Barros Mário Ubirajara Gonçalves , Filho Francisco de Assis de Souza , Neto Iran Eduardo Lima 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Eutrophication has become a recurrent concern in reservoirs worldwide. This problem is intensified in tropical semiarid regions, where the reservoirs have high seasonal and annual variability of water level and volume. Therefore, an extensive understanding of the diel variation of water quality key-parameters can help improve management of such reservoirs. This study focuses on Castanhão reservoir, the largest multipurpose dam in the Brazilian semiarid. Its main water uses are irrigation, fish farming, and human supply. The reservoir faced a decline in water quality due to a prolonged drought period. While previous research has predominantly emphasized the seasonal dynamics of thermal and chemical stratification, our investigation provides diel assessments of multiple water quality parameters, including nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton abundance. Our primary objective is to compare seasonal and diel variations in stratification and nutrient distribution within the reservoir. Key findings reveal a diel cycle of thermal stratification, primarily during dry season, driven by higher wind speeds. This is corroborated by a significant negative correlation between wind speed and the relative water column stability index. In contrast, during the rainy season, the reservoir experiences continuous thermal stratification due to inflowing water being warmer than the reservoir’s water temperature. Notably, a significant negative correlation between total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a, along with a two-fold increase of this nutrient throughout the day during the rainy season, underscores the influence of the phytoplankton community dynamics on the diel nutrient variation. Chemical stratification of dissolved oxygen occurred during dry and rainy seasons, indicating that even during the dry season, where there is no significant inflow, the internal nutrient loading can also significantly impact the water quality of a reservoir. This study advances the understanding of diel water quality dynamics in tropical semiarid reservoirs, shedding light on both climatic and anthropogenic influences on water resources.
Optimizing Growth and Antioxidant Function in Heat-Stressed Broilers with Vitamin C and Betaine Supplementation
Authors: Li Yan , Yuan Junjun , Sun Shiang , Ma Feiyang , Xiong Yongjie , He Shaojun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
For broiler’s health, heat stress (HS) poses a significant challenge. This study investigates the potential of vitamin C (VC) and/or betaine (Bet) to enhance growth performance, regulate serum metabolic parameters, and bolster antioxidant function aiming to mitigate the impact of cyclic HS on broilers. Two hundred Ross 308 broilers at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to five groups. The control group, housed at 24 ± 1℃, was fed a basal diet. High-temperature treatment groups, housed at 32 ± 1℃, received a basal diet with 0 (HS group), 250mg/kg VC (HSVC group), 1000mg/kg Bet (HSBe group), and 250mg/kg VC + 1000mg/kg Bet (HSVCBe group). On day 42, assessments were made on growth performance, muscle quality, serum biochemical parameters, and antioxidant function. Results revealed that HS significantly lowered (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), the degree of redness (a*) in pectoral and leg muscles, and serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) level. It also reduced (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG), and serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, while increasing (P < 0.05) shear force, serum direct bilirubin (D-BIL), uric acid (UA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with the control group. Dietary supplementation of VC and Bet, either alone or in combination, significantly decreased shear force and serum UA level, while increasing ADG and the level of T-AOC, and T-SOD in serum antioxidant compared with the HS group (P < 0.05), with the combination yielding the most pronounced effects. In conclusion, the addition of VC and/or Bet to the diet proves effective in enhancing the growth performance of HS-exposed broilers through the positive regulation of serum chemical metabolism parameters and the alleviation of oxidative damage.
The Influence of a Non-local thermoelasticity with Diffusion under Hydrostatic Pressure
Authors: Khader Shaaban , Marrouf Ayman , Esmail Samia , khedr Mona 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This article is demonstrating the diffusion theory of thermoelasticity on a two-dimensional half-space problem. The surface is exposed to thermal shocks and hydrostatic loads. Chemical potential must be a known time function. The solution is obtained with the direct method using Laplace's techniques and Fourier's exponential transform. Local and non-local thermoelasticity were discussed and the influence of the non-local parameter on the generalized theory of thermoelastic diffusion was investigated. Chemical potential, concentration temperature, stress, and displacement distributions are computed numerically and represented by graphical.
In-plane drift characteristics of fully grouted reinforced masonry shear walls
Authors: Ghaseminia Seyed Meghdad , Zahra Tatheer , Thambiratnam David P. , Thamboo Julian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper outlines an approach to predict the drift capacities of fully grouted reinforced masonry (RM) shear walls under in-plane loading. The RM walls are provided with centrally placed single layer of reinforcement curtain, which raises a question on their drift and ductility characteristics over double layered reinforced concrete (RC) walls. To study the drift capacities of RM walls, an experimental database was developed comprising 152 shear walls tested under in-plane loading in this study. This database was then used to assess the critical parameters that influence the in-plane drift capacities of RM walls. It was found that the shear reinforcement ratio, shear stress demand, aspect and effective slenderness ratios are most sensitive to in-plane drift capacities of RM walls. Existing analytical and empirical models to predict the in-plane drift capacities of shear walls were initially considered to verify their applicability in predicting the drift capacities of RM walls. The analyses showed that existing analytical models under-predicted and the empirical models over-predicted the ultimate drift capacities of RM walls. Consequently, this study used the developed experimental database to propose a set of empirical models to predict the in-plane drift capacities of RM walls. The proposed models would facilitate the analysis of drift capacities of RM walls with different configurations and thereby enable the implementation of displacement-based performance design approach for such walling systems.
Probing Phonon Focusing, Thermomechanical Behavior, and Moiré Patterns in van der Waals Architectures Using Surface Acoustic Waves
Authors: Kalia Rajiv , Baradwaj Nitish , Aditya Anikeya , Mishra Ankit , Burns Kory , Lang Eric , Hachtel Jordan , Hattar Khalid , Aitkaliyeva Assel , Nakano Aiichiro , Vashishta Priya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) propagate along solid-air, solid-liquid and solid-solid interfaces. Their characteristics depend on the elastic properties of the solid. Combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we probe atomic environments around intrinsic defects that generate SAWs in vertically stacked two-dimensional (2D) bilayers of MoS2. Our joint experimental-simulation study provides new insights into SAW-induced structural and dynamical changes and thermomechanical responses of MoS2 bilayers. Using MD simulations, we compute mechanical properties from the SAW velocity and thermal conductivity from thermal diffusion of SAWs. The results for Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of an MoS2 monolayer are in good agreement with experiments. The presence of defects, such as nanopores which generate SAWs, reduces the thermal conductivity of 2D-MoS2 by an order of magnitude. We also observe dramatic changes in moiré patterns, phonon focusing, and cuspidal structures on 2D-MoS2 layers.
Romidepsin exhibits anti-esophageal squamous cell carcinoma activity through the DDIT4-mTORC1 pathway
Authors: Wu Lanxiang , Xia Weifeng , Zheng Xiaoli , Liu Wenyi , Huang Yutang , Wen Chunjie , Wu Qingchen , Zhou Honghao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common human malignancies worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Current treatment options are limited, highlighting the need for development of novel effective agents. Here, a high-throughput drug screening (HTS) was performed using ESCC cell lines in both two- and three-dimensional culture systems to screen compounds that have anti-ESCC activity. Our screen identified romidepsin, a histone deactylase inhibitor, as a potential anti-ESCC agent. Romedepsin treatment decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ESCC cell lines, and these findings were confirmed in ESCC cell line-derived xenografted (CDX) mouse models. Mechanically, romidepsin induced transcriptional upregulation of DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 (DDIT4) gene by histone hyperacetylation at its promoter region, leading to the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway. Furthermore, romidepsin exhibited better efficacy and safety compared to the conventional therapeutic drugs in ESCC patient-derived xenografted (PDX) mouse models. These data indicate that romidepsin may be a novel option for anti-ESCC therapy.
Evaluation of the efficiency of the newly developed needle in emergency room: A single-center observational study
Authors: Kishihara Yuki , Yasuda Hideto , Kashiura Masahiro , Oishi Takatoshi , Shinzato Yutaro , Moriya Takashi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Peripheral intravascular catheter (PIVC) insertion is frequently performed in the emergency department (ED) and many failures of initial PIVC insertion occur. To reduce the failures, new needles were developed and we investigated whether the use of the newly developed needle reduced the failure of initial PIVC insertion in the ED compared with the use of the existing needle. This single-center, prospective observational study was conducted in Japan between April 1, 2022, and February 2, 2023. We included consecutive patients who visited our hospital by ambulance as a secondary emergency on a weekday during the day shift (from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM). The primary outcome was the failure of initial PIVC insertion. We defined the difficulty of titrating, leakage, and hematoma within 30 s after insertion as failures and performed multivariate logistic regression and multiple regression analyses by adjusting for covariates. In total, 522 patients without missing data were analysed, and 81 (15.5%) patients showed failure of initial PIVC insertion. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association between the use of newly developed PIVCs and the failure of initial PIVC insertion (odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, [0.48–1.31]; p = 0.36).
Intrathecal nicardipine as treatment for severe cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Smalley Zachary S , Winter Kenneth A , Clark Paul , Derrico Nicholas , Uschmann Hartmut , Washington Chad W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Object: Vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) are complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and contributing to up to 23% of the disability and deaths from aSAH. The use of intrathecal nicardipine as a possible treatment modality for DCI has been explored with mixed results. We present a retrospective series comparing standard post-aSAH care to standard care plus intrathecal nicardipine therapy. The primary objective of this study was to assess for any difference in functional outcome in terms of modified Rankin score (mRS) between the standard therapy group and intrathecal nicardipine group at discharge and 1 month.
Methods: Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was obtained for a retrospective chart review of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) who were treated at the University of Mississippi Medical Center between January 2012 and June 2019. Inclusion criteria included sufficient available medical documentation, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage with documentation of an intracranial aneurysm and age ≥ 18. Exclusion criteria included non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, patients with insufficient medical records, and mycotic aneurysms. The decision to treat with intrathecal nicardipine was based on the individual practice of a single neuro-intensivist in collaboration with the neurosurgical staff.
Results: A total of 385 patients were included in the study with 31 patients receiving intrathecal nicardipine. Those within the nicardipine group presented with significantly worse Hunt and Hess grades and experienced significantly worse cerebral vasospasm, higher TCD velocities, higher rates of DCI, and higher rates of hydrocephalus. When controlling for placement of an external ventricular drain, the patients in the intrathecal nicardipine group experienced higher rates of ventriculitis (10% vs. 2%, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ICU stay or hospital stay, mRS at discharge, or at 1 month follow up between the two groups.
Conclusion: In our series, intrathecal nicardipine therapy did not significantly alter outcomes in terms of mRS at discharge or at 1 month. There was, however, a significant increase in ventriculitis among patients who received this therapy.
Increasing Production Efficiency and Improving the Management System in Cotton Breeding Industry of Uzbekistan
Authors: Inoyatov Sardor , Kurbanov Bakhtiyor , Mamatov Ilkhom , Obloberdiev Iqboljon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The article examines the influence of manganese on cotton growing time, yield increasing and fiber quality reflection. The soil was tested for defining concentration of manganese and other trace elements in the soil. The results of analysis provided information about how many manganese need to be involved for every hectare of experimental fields. The innovative method for monitoring and analyzing of the cotton growth was helped us to observe the influence of manganese in germination of cotton fruits. The quality of cotton fiber has high priority for deep textile operation. Hence, on following article you can read about case study of influence of manganese microelement in fiber quality. The research tested an influence of manganese in cotton phonologic stages, cotton yield increasing and fiber quality indicators improvement. The cotton fiber was tested in HVI and compared with conventional cotton fiber from the same field.
The Mediating roles of Beliefs about Stress and Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs in the Relationship Between Strength use and Burnout in Chinese Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Bai Chengzhi , Ma Jie , Bai Baoyu , Zhang Hongxia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of burnout among healthcare workers remains chronically high. Former studies have indicated that strength use is a promising approach to reduce burnout. However, relatively little is known about the psychological mechanisms underlying the ability of strength use to reduce burnout, especially among healthcare workers.
Aim
This study sought to examine the link between strength use and burnout in Chinese healthcare workers, and explore the mediating roles of beliefs about stress and basic psychological needs satisfaction in that relationship.
Methods
This study was implemented in two time periods, from September to October 2020 and from February to September 2022. A total of 812 healthcare workers completed a multi-section questionnaire.
Results
Strength use was negatively associated with burnout and negative stress beliefs, and positively associated with positive stress beliefs, control beliefs, and basic psychological needs satisfaction. Moreover, negative stress beliefs, control beliefs, and basic psychological needs satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between strength use and burnout. Furthermore, effect contrasts revealed that the mediating impact of fulfilling basic psychological needs was stronger than that of negative stress beliefs and control beliefs.
Conclusions
Our finding revealed that negative stress beliefs, control beliefs, and basic psychological needs satisfaction act as mediators in the association of strength use with burnout. Furthermore, basic psychological needs satisfaction act as a more important mediating role than negative stress beliefs and control beliefs in the strength use–burnout relationship.
Implications for Nursing Management:
Health authorities should focus on improving the level of strengths use of healthcare workers to reduce their burnout. Additionally, programs should be designed to reduce healthcare workers’ negative stress beliefs, improve their control beliefs, and satisfy their basic psychological needs and thereby reduce their burnout.
Enhanced Supercooling of Water with a 6 mT/50 Hz Oscillating Magnetic Field and Its Application in Fruit Preservation
Authors: Kong Fanchen , Li Peiru , Zhang Hainan , Tian Changqing , Leng Dongmei , Hou Chengli 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the influence of oscillating magnetic fields on the deep supercooling of water and the supercooling storage of fruits. The results showed that by utilizing a 6 mT/50 Hz oscillating magnetic field, water (1 ml) was able to be maintained at -18°C for 24 hours, achieving deep supercooling. Combining magnetic field with oil-sealed water enhanced supercooling compared to oil sealing alone. By adding an oscillating magnetic field, fruits were maintained at a temperature of -5°C for 12 hours. The supercooled samples exhibited a texture and color that were close to those of fresh samples and also experienced a reduction in water loss of up to 30.25% in comparison to frozen samples that were not treated by magnetic field treatment. The proposed method achieved significant supercooling and improved food quality using an easily obtainable type of magnetic field.
Survey data show a global decline in intimate partner violence against women associated with rising living standards
Authors: Vartanova Irina , Strimling Pontus , Eriksson Kimmo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Intimate partner violence against women is a global public health problem. The objective of this study is to examine whether this problem is declining and whether the decline is associated with improving living standards.
Methods: Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys in low- and middle-income countries serve as the basis for this analysis. We use all available data on intimate partner violence between the years 1999 and 2022, comprising responses from a total of 1,809,436 women in 69 countries and 509,494 men in 60 countries. We use linear regression on the year variable to estimate temporal trends in the prevalence and acceptance of intimate partner violence in each country. We similarly calculate temporal trends in living standards using the Human Development Index and examine whether they predict violence trends across countries.
Results: Both the prevalence and acceptance of intimate partner violence show decreasing trends in about 90 % of countries. This trend is consistent throughout the data and is not confined to a specific time period. Furthermore, countries with higher Human Development Index (HDI) values exhibit lower acceptance levels, and an increase in HDI values over time is associated with a decrease in acceptance.
Conclusion: The findings support the hypothesis that domestic environments worldwide are becoming progressively less violent and that rising living standards may be part of the explanation.
Characterization of African Swine Fever Virus outbreak in India and Comparative Analysis of Immune Genes in Infected and Survived Crossbreed vs. Indigenous Doom Pigs
Authors: Das Pranab Jyoti , Sonowal Joyshikh , Sengar Gyanendra Singh , Pegu Seema Rani , Deb Rajib , Kumar Satish , Banik Santanu , Rajkhowa Swaraj , Gupta Vivek Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
African Swine Fever (ASF) has affected all pig breeds in North-East India since 2020, except Doom pigs, a unique indigenous breed from Assam and the closest progenitor to Indian wild pigs, resulting in significant economic losses for pig farmers in the region. Based on the complete sequences of the B646L (p72) gene, it has been determined that the virus responsible for the outbreak is ASFV genotype II. The further characterization of three complete sequences of the B646L (p72) gene established 100% identical with other existing sequences of different parts of the world as well as confirmed that there is no co-circulation of different genotypes of ASFV in India except genotype II. Present studies also corroborate that MYD88, LDHB and IFIT1 were important genes of the immune system involved in the pathogenesis of ASFV. The differential expression patterns of these genes in ASFV-infected survived, and healthy Doom breed pigs, compared to healthy control pigs, were studied to distinguish the expression pattern at different stages. The hardiness and ability of the Doom pig to withstand common pig diseases, along with its genetic resemblance to wild pigs, make it an ideal candidate for studying tolerance to ASFV infection. So, the present study investigates the natural resistance to ASF in Doom pigs from an endemic area in North-East India to support the proposition that Doom pigs can co-exist with virulent ASFVs recently break in North-East India. The results of this study also provide important molecular insights into the regulation of the ASFV-tolerant gene.
GRAF1 Regulates Brown and Beige Adipose Differentiation and Function
Authors: Bai Xue , Zhu Qiang , Combs Matthew , Wabitsch Martin , Mack Christopher P. , Taylor Joan M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Adipose tissue, which is crucial for the regulation of energy within the body, contains both white and brown adipocytes. White adipose tissue (WAT) primarily stores energy, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in energy dissipation as heat, offering potential for therapies aimed at enhancing metabolic health. Regulation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway is crucial for appropriate specification, differentiation and maturation of both white and brown adipocytes. However, our knowledge of how this pathway is controlled within specific adipose depots remains unclear, and to date a RhoA regulator that selectively controls adipocyte browning has not been identified. Our study shows that expression of GRAF1, a RhoGAP highly expressed in metabolically active tissues, closely correlates with brown adipocyte differentiation in culture and in vivo. Mice with either global or adipocyte-specific GRAF1 deficiency exhibit impaired BAT maturation, reduced capacity for WAT browning, and compromised cold-induced thermogenesis. Moreover, defects in differentiation of mouse or human GRAF1-deficient brown preadipocytes can be rescued by treatment with a Rho kinase inhibitor. Collectively, these studies indicate that GRAF1 can selectively induce brown and beige adipocyte differentiation and suggest that manipulating GRAF1 activity may hold promise for the future treatment of diseases related to metabolic dysfunction.