bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF THE HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION ‐ AT GASTROPATHY
Authors: J Sembiring , A Nababan , Hakim Zain Lukman , S Pardede , G Tambunan 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThere is an opinion that Helicobacter Pylori may contribute to the progression of gastropathy. The presence of Helicobacter Pylori infection can accelerate the damage of gastric and duodenal mucosa. Gastropathy is mucosal disturbances that usually accompany with gastritis gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. Endoscopically, the mucosal appearances consisted of mosaic pattern, adema, hyperemia, superficial ulceration and red spot.ObjectiveTo assess the influence of Helicobacter Pylori on gastropathy.MethodsThe study enrolled a total 50 patients with gastroscopic lesions (gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer) and positive CLO test, to undergo evaluation on gastropathic appearences.ResultReported in the third western pacific Helicobacter congress June 22‐24 Bali Indonesia
ANTIMICROBIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI AGAINST FIRST LINE ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN VITRO
Authors: Waskito Eddy Bagus , Adi Pangestu , Mudihardi Eddy 
Published: March 2003

This preliminary study was done to investigate the susceptibility of 6 isolates of Helicobacter pylori against first line antimicrobial agents in vitro in relation with therapy for the patient. The bacteria were isolated on skirrow medium from 2 gastric mucosal biopsy specimens each of 54 dispeptic patients who seeked medical treatment in Dr Soetomo General Hospital and Private Hospital in Surabaya. Identification on Helicobacter pylori were made on the basis of Gram stain reaction and morphology and on urease, catalase and oxidase reactions. The susceptibility test were done by diffusion methods against Amoxycilline, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, Metronidazole and Tetracycline.The result showed that susceptibility against these antimicrobial agents were 33.3%, 83.3%, 16.7%, 16.7% and 33.3% respectively.It could be said that Chloramphenicol still represent the most active antimicrobial agent against Helicobacter pylori then the other ones used.
GASTRODUODENITIS, ULCER AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN SURAKARTA
Authors: M Tantoro Harmono 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveMost of the patients with dyspeptic complains are always have organic abnormality in their stomach and duodenum. It is realized that this statement are rather in the contrary with many Western publication that state not always patients who complaint dyspeptic has organic abnormality in their stomach or duodenum. To proof it, I do endoscopy and biopsy for histopathological examination and Helicobacter pylori culture.Material & MethodsDyspeptic patients in four years (1996‐1999) in Brayat Minulya Hospital was the cases to study. All the patients was endoscopied, some was biopsied for histopathological exam and Helicobacter culture.ResultAll the 465 (100%) clinically dyspeptic patients confirm have gastroduodenal abnormality in endoscopy. The 434 (81%) patient with gastroduodenitis and the other 31 (19%) patients have gastroduodenal ulcer. Only 41 patients being biopsied, all of them had chronic gastrodudenitis and just 7 (17%) patients with Helicobacter pylori growth in the culture.ConclusionIndeed, when all the clinically dyspeptic patients were endoscopied, they was confirm had abnormality in their gastro duodenal mucosa (majority of the cases was gastroduodenitis & in smal number gastroduodenal ulcer). Most of the patients which were biopsied are chronic gastroduodenitis and only in a smaller portion the culture positive for the Helicobacter Pylori.
Clinical presentation of Helicobacter pylori‐positive and ‐negative functional dyspepsia
Authors: Werdmuller Bibi Fm , Putten Toon Bmm Van Der , Balk Ton G , Lamers Cornelius Bhw , Loffeld Ruud Jlf 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: A questionnaire was used to record the clinical presentation of functional dyspepsia in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection in a consecutive series of patients sent for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Only patients without macroscopic abnormalities in their oesophagus, stomach and duodenum were included.
Methods
: The study questionnaire included two questions related to daily life, and the calculation of a symptom score. Biopsy specimens were taken from all patients for histological and microbiological examination, and immunoglobulin G antibodies were also determined.
Results
: Two hundred and twenty‐two patients were H. pylori positive and 182 patients were H. pylori negative. Loss of weight was significantly more common in the H. pylori positive group (P < 0.001). Patients with H. pylori infection had a significantly higher overall symptom score compared with H. pylori‐negative subjects (P < 0.05). In addition, the severity of epigastric and nocturnal pain, heartburn, retrosternal heartburn, and vomiting was significantly higher in H. pylori‐positive functional dyspeptic patients, and the influence on daily life and activities was significantly worse.
Conclusions
: The combination of retrosternal pain, weight loss, food intolerance and the absence of halitosis signified a 64% accuracy in predicting H. pylori infection. It is not possible to differentiate between H. pylori‐positive and H. pylori‐negative functional dyspeptics on the basis of clinical presentation and the number of complaints. However, overall symptom score and severity of several symptoms was significantly higher in the H. pylori‐positive group.
Early colorectal cancer: Flat or depressed type
Authors: Kudo Shin‐Ei , Kashida Hiroshi , Tamura Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe present review describes the changes in views about the early forms of colorectal cancers. In 1985, a concept of ‘flat adenoma’ was born in Japan. At around the same time, depressed type early colorectal cancers started to be reported by Japanese colonoscopists. Neither flat adenomas nor depressed lesions have been frequently reported in Western countries, but increasing numbers of such cases are now described. The problem is that flat adenomas and depressed lesions seem to have been confused by many researchers. The biological aggressiveness of these lesions is quite different. The rate of submucosal invasion is very high in depressed lesions, but fairly low in small flat adenomas. Some adenomas may even look depressed at first, but such lesions should not be mistaken for truly depressed lesions. Ignorance or resistance to the concept may inhibit the detection of flat or depressed lesions. Differences of diagnostic criteria between Japanese and Western pathologists may influence the apparent frequency of mucosal cancers, but not that of invasive carcinomas. Many small adenomas do not grow if followed, but depressed lesions grow rapidly and invade the deeper layers and, as a result, may look elevated as a whole. Many cases in previously published papers suggest that small depressed carcinomas of the large intestine may develop without a precursory stage of an adenomatous polyp. At least two carcinogenic pathways, one through adenomatous polyps and one de novo, should be recognized. In addition, the importance of small depressed cancers should be emphasized.
Gene therapy for liver cirrhosis
Authors: Fujimoto Jiro 
Published: March 2003

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is the irreversible end result of chronic liver disease and is characterized by fibrous scarring and hepatocellular regeneration. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world‐wide and is induced by factors such as chronic hepatitis virus infection, drug abuse and alcohol abuse. The ideal strategy for the treatment of liver cirrhosis should include prevention of fibrogenesis, stimulation of hepatocyte mitosis and reorganization of the liver architecture. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene therapy has been investigated in a rat model of liver cirrhosis. In rats with lethal liver cirrhosis produced by dimethylnitrosamine, repeated transfection of the HGF gene into skeletal muscle induced a high plasma level of HGF and tyrosine phosphorylation of the c‐Met/HGF receptor. Hepatocyte growth factor gene transduction inhibited fibrogenesis and hepatocyte apoptosis and also produced resolution of fibrosis in the cirrhotic liver. Hepatocyte growth factor gene therapy may have the potential to be useful for the treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis.
Decreased function of peripheral blood dendritic cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatitis B and C virus infection
Authors: Kakumu Shinichi , Ito Satomi , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Mita Yukiko , Tagaya Tsuneaki , Fukuzawa Yoshitaka , Yoshioka Kentaro 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Tumour immunity does not seem to be induced effectively in tumour‐bearing hosts, including in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One possible reason is that function of dendritic cells (DC) is decreased in such hosts.
Methods
: We evaluated T cell stimulatory activity and interleukin (IL)‐12 production of DC and interferon (IFN)‐γ and IL‐10 production of T cells of peripheral blood from 12 control individuals and 21 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (six with chronic hepatitis (CH), eight with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 13 with HCC). Five hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected patients with HCC were included as a disease control group. The DC were prepared by the culture of T cell‐depleted populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor and IL‐4 for a total of 11–12 days. The cytokine levels were assayed by ELISA. To test the stimulatory function of DC in T cell proliferation, mytomycin C‐treated DC were cultured with allogeneic T cells from a control.
Results
: When the T cell‐stimulatory activity of DC was expressed as stimulation index value of [3H]‐thymidine incorporation of T cells, the values were lower in HCV‐infected HCC (2.6 ± 1.8, P < 0.01) than in controls (5.5 ± 2.0) and CH (5.0 ± 1.3). Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1‐induced IL‐12 production of DC was decreased in HCV‐infected HCC (P < 0.001, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) compared with controls, CH and LC, while similar amounts of IL‐10 were produced in patients and controls. Interleukin‐10 and IFN‐γ production of T cells in response to anti‐CD3 antibody or IL‐12 were equivalent between patient groups and controls, respectively. Similarly decreased DC function and normal T cell response were observed in HBV‐infected HCC patients.
Conclusions
: These findings suggest that the depressed function of DC is associated with pathogenesis of HCC with HBV or HCV infection.
Rapid urease test is less sensitive than histology in diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with non‐variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Archimandritis Athanasios , Tzivras Michael , Sougioultzis Stavros , Papaparaskevas Iosif , Apostolopoulos Periklis , Avlami Athina , Davaris Panagiotis S 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background and Aims
: The validity of the rapid urease (CLO) test to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with bleeding ulcers has been questioned. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the validity of the CLO test in comparison with histology in diagnosing H. pylori infection in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB), irrespective of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) use.
Methods
: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed within 24 h of admission for all patients with UGB admitted to the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Athens, for a period of 12 months. Patients with variceal bleeding, previous gastric operation, recent treatment with proton pump inhibitors (< 2 months) and those with a history of H. pylori eradication therapy were excluded from the study. At least four biopsies (two from the antrum and two from the body) were obtained for the CLO test and histology (modified Giemsa).
Results
: Seventy‐two consecutive patients (aged 18–90 years, 51 men, 21 women) were included. Forty‐six patients (64%) used NSAID. Thirty‐two patients (44%) were found to be positive for H. pylori infection by the CLO test, while 44 patients (61%) were found to be positive on histology (P < 0.045, 95% CI, 0.004–0.331). The sensitivity and specificity of the CLO test were 68 and 93% respectively; positive and negative predictive values were 94 and 65%, respectively. The age of the patient and visible blood in the stomach did not inflence results of either the CLO or histology.
Conclusions
: The CLO test, performed within 24 h of hospital admission in patients with UGB, irrespective of NSAID use, is unreliable for the detection of H. pylori infection. The age of the patient and the presence of blood in the stomach do not seem to influence these results.
Sensory neuropathy in the prodromal phase of hepatitis A and review of the literature
Authors: Islam Shamsul , McDonald Jennifer A 
Published: March 2003

AbstractWe report an unrecognized clinical presentation of hepatitis A with unilateral peripheral acute sensory loss in the prodromal phase of the illness. Although rare, focal neurological signs are known to occur in hepatitis A before, during and after the icteric phase; a pure peripheral sensory neuropathy is distinctly uncommon. Possible lesions could include radiculopathy of the lower thoraco–lumbo–sacral dorsal nerve roots or a partial transverse myelitis of Brown‐Séquad like distribution. The signs and symptoms lasted only a few days and the patient had an uneventful recovery.
Modified rapid urease test for Helicobacter pylori detection in relation to an immunohistochemical stain
Authors: Tokunaga Yukihiko , Shirahase Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Etsuko , Inao Ryou , Hamaguchi Sugihiro , Kanaji Kenji , Kitaoka Akihiro , Yagi Toshikazu , Tokuka Atsuo , Ohsumi Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: The rapid urease test and touch cytology have been used for the rapid detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. Recently, a modified rapid urease (MRU) test, which provides results in 20 min has been available on a commercial basis. To date, few reports have evaluated the accuracy of this test. This study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the MRU test and touch cytology to detect H. pylori in relation to the density of H. pylori infection determined semi‐quantitatively by using immunohistochemical stains.
Methods
: Biopsy specimens obtained from a total of 60 patients who underwent endoscopy for evaluation of gastroduodenal diseases were studied by using the MRU test, Giemsa stain for touch smear tissue and histological methods. An immunohistochemical stain was used as a standard, and the density of H. pylori infection was graded according to the number of individual bacteria seen as follows: grade 0 = 0; grade 1+ = 1–9; grade 2+ = 10–29; grade 3+ = 30–99; grade 4+ ≥ 100. The severity of gastritis was evaluated histologically in each specimen and compared with the density of H. pylori infection.
Results
: The MRU test had an overall sensitivity of 73%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 85%. The Giemsa stain had a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 95%. The sensitivities of the MRU test and Giemsa stain decreased in mild H. pylori infection. In the MRU test, the sensitivity was 47% when the density of H. pylori infection was 1+, while 80–100% sensitivities were obtained when the densities of infection were ≥ 2+. With the Giemsa stain, the sensitivity was 80% when the density was 1+, while the sensitivity increased to 100% when the densities were ≥ 2+. The severity of gastritis determined by the Rauws scores showed a positive correlation with the density of H. pylori infection as evaluated by immunohistochemical staining.
Conclusions
: The MRU test had high sensitivity and specificity for moderate to severe H. pylori infection, but it may result in false‐negative results in tests for mild infection. As the MRU test has the advantages of shorter incubation times and low cost, a combination of the MRU test and the Giemsa stain for touch cytology may be the most time‐ and cost‐efficient tests in a clinical setting for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
Enhanced tumorigenicity of insulinoma by X‐irradiation of the gastric regions in Sprague–Dawley male rats
Authors: Kido Soichiro , Haruma Ken , Kitadai Yasuhiko , Yoshihara Masaharu , Sumii Koji , Kajiyama Goro , Watanabe Hiromitsu 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background and Aims
: There has been no suitable animal model for human insulinoma because incidence of pancreatic tumours induced by whole‐body irradiation or chemicals has been very low. The purpose of this study was to establish an experimental model with a high incidence of insulinoma. The induction of islet cell tumour by X‐irradiation was investigated.
Methods
: Forty Sprague–Dawley male rats were used in this study. Twenty‐eight rats were irradiated with two 10‐Gy doses to the gastric region at a 3‐day interval, and 12 rats not subjected to X‐irradiation served as a control group. The rats were killed 16 months after the first irradiation. Expression of insulin mRNA and protein was examined by northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Rat serum insulin and glucose levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
: Tumour incidence was 89.3% (25/28) in X‐ray group and 8.3% (1/12) in the control group (P < 0.05). Pancreatic tumours, which appeared in all 25 rats with tumours, showed the highest incidence of all neoplasms detected. Tumour cells showed strong immunoreactivity for insulin in 20 of 25 pancreatic tumours (80%). Expression of insulin mRNA was confirmed by northern blot analysis. Furthermore, rats with pancreatic tumours had lower serum glucose levels and higher insulin levels than the control rats.
Conclusion
: X‐irradiated SD rats may be considered a suitable model for insulinoma because of their high tumorigenicity.
Effect of argatroban on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid‐induced colitis
Authors: Onomura Masahisa , Tsukada Hideaki , Fukuda Kazuhito , Kodama Masanobu , Nakamura Hiroshi , Hosokawa Masaya , Ohya Michihiro , Seino Yutaka 
Published: March 2003

Abstract
Background
: Recent studies have suggested that heparin is effective for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its various effects (in addition to the anticoagulant effect). We evaluated the effects of argatroban as an antithrombin drug on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNB)‐induced colitis, an established model of IBD.
Methods
: Rats were randomly assigned to four groups in which mini‐osmotic pumps containing saline (TNB‐S), argatroban (TNB‐A), or 100 U/kg heparin (TNB‐H) were intraperitoneally implanted. Three days after the pumps were implanted, TNB was infused via the anus, and colitis was induced. After 5 days, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), antithrombin III (AT‐III), platelet, fibrinogen, colonic wet weight, macroscopic damage score, histological score, mucosal myeloperoxidase activity and mucosal leukotrien B4 (LTB4) levels were compared among the four groups.
Results
: The APTT was prolonged in the heparin treatment group but only slightly prolonged in the argatroban treatment group. The platelet count and the fibrinogen level were higher in the TNB‐S group than in the healthy control group and the AT‐III level was slightly lower in the TNB‐S group than in the healthy control group and lower still in the TNB‐H group.
Conclusions
: The colonic wet weight was similar among the four groups while the macroscopic damage score, histological score, mucosal myeloperoxidase activity and the mucosal LTB4 level were significantly decreased in the TNB‐A and TNB‐H groups. Argatroban, as well as heparin may be effective for treatment of TNB‐induced colitis.
Aortic hyporeactivity to norepinephrine induced by lipopolysaccharide in cirrhotic rats: Beneficial effects of a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug coupled with a nitric oxide donor
Authors: Lefilliatre Pascale , Sogni Philippe , Bertrand Viviane , Soldato Piero Del , Pateron Dominique , Moreau Richard , Lebrec Didier 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground and Aims: Cirrhosis is associated with a hyperdynamic syndrome and arterial vasodilation that is related to nitric oxide (NO) synthase 3 overactivity. Septic shock is frequently associated with cirrhosis and with a vascular induction of NO synthase 2. The aims of this study were to compare the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in normal and cirrhotic rats, and to test the effects of a‐non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) coupled with a (NO) donor.Methods: Cirrhotic rats received NO‐flurbiprofen, flurbiprofen or vehicle followed by LPS or placebo 15 min later. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure of rats were monitered for 5 h. Thoracic aortic rings were removed and contracted with the use of norepinephrine. Nitric oxide synthase activity was measured in the aorta and stomach of cirrhotic rats.Results: Arterial pressure decreased in cirrhotic rats in the vehicle/LPS and flurbiprofen/LPS groups. After LPS administration, the heart rate of rats increased in all groups. In the aortic rings, LPS induced hyporeactivity to norepinephrine in all groups except the NO‐flurbiprofen group. This hyporeactivity was abolished after preincubation with Nw‐nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NNA). Nw‐nitro‐L‐arginine had no effect on norepinephrine‐induced vasoconstriction in the NO‐flurbiprofen/LPS group. Nitric oxide synthase 2 activity in the stomach and aorta of cirrhotic rats was increased in each group except in the NO‐flurbiprofen group after LPS administration. Pretreatment with NO–NSAID prevented aortic hyporeactivity to norepinephrine in cirrhotic rats treated with LPS as it probably inhibited the NO synthase 2 induction.Conclusions: These findings suggest that NO‐flurbiprofen has a beneficial hemodynamic effect in cirrhotic rats and may help to prevent LPS aortic hyporeactivity.
Polymorphic expression of decay‐accelerating factor in human colorectal cancer
Authors: Nakagawa Masahiro , Mizuno Motowo , Kawada Mikihiro , Uesu Tokurou , Nasu Junichirou , Takeuchi Kazuaki , Okada Hiroyuki , Endo Yuichi , Fujita Teizo , Tsuji Takao 
Published: March 2003

AbstractBackground: We have previously shown that expression of decay‐accelerating factor (DAF), a complement regulatory protein, is enhanced immunohistochemically on the luminal surface of cancer glands in human colorectal cancer and is detected in stool specimens of patients with colorectal cancer. The amount of DAF present in the stools might be influenced by the stability of DAF on the cell surface which is regulated by biochemical properties such as glycosylation of the protein. In the present study, to help elucidate the mechanism for the release of DAF from human colorectal cancers, we biochemically analyzed DAF expression by western and northern blotting by using surgically resected specimens of colorectal cancers.Methods: Surgically resected colorectal cancer tissues were obtained from 10 patients. Expression of DAF was determined by western and northern blotting, and glycosylation of DAF protein was analyzed with glycosidase digestion.Results: Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the expression of DAF mRNA in colorectal cancer was enhanced two‐ to threefold compared with normal tissues. In western blotting, expression of DAF protein in the cancer tissue was increased, and heterogeneity in the apparent molecular weight of DAF was observed among patients. When o‐linked sugars were removed, this heterogeneity of DAF size diminished.Conclusions: The polymorphic expression of DAF in colorectal cancer is likely to reflect variability in the o‐glycosylation of the protein. We speculate that this variability could affect the stability of DAF on the surfaces of cancer cells and, in turn, the amount of DAF shed into the stools of colorectal cancer patients.