bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MODEL FOR TEACHING STUDENTS AGE-FRIENDLY CONCEPTS USING VIRTUAL INTERPROFESSIONAL SIMULATION
Authors: Brown Diane , Hovland Cynthia , Fosnight Susan , Chrzanowski Brandi , Gergis Mary , Patton Rikki , Simpson Darcia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Achieving effective Age-Friendly Health Systems requires teaching the future healthcare workforce how to consistently use the 4Ms framework in the care of older adults: What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility. Effective interprofessional teamwork is key to operationalizing this model. We describe here a virtual interprofessional student simulation training that demonstrates the importance of teamwork in addressing each of the 4Ms concepts and, importantly, how inattention to one ‘M’ can lead to ineffective care. Our training prepares learners with online didactic pre-work followed by a virtual simulation experience where interprofessional groups of students simulate a team care planning meeting. The case demonstrates how ‘what matters most’ to the patient (i.e., providing care for her husband who has dementia) impacts each of the other Ms. Specifically, she is taking medications inappropriately, has symptoms of depression, and will not undergo recommended surgery to correct mobility issues due to concerns about who will care for her husband. We have conducted this training with 548 undergraduate and graduate students representing medicine, nursing, pharmacy, social work, nutrition/dietetics, counseling, physical, occupational and speech therapy. 95% of students rated the simulation experience positively. There was statistically significant improvement in appreciation for teamwork (p&lt; 0.001), evidence-based practice (p&lt; 0.001), and inclusion of the patient and caregiver perspectives (p&lt; 0.001) comparing pre and post simulation survey results. These results indicate a positive impact on student’s preparedness to incorporate 4Ms principles into their future practice, thus advancing both Age Friendly and Dementia Friendly Health System initiatives.
ASSESSING “AGE-FRIENDLINESS” ON CAMPUS: LESSONS FROM GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY 50+ STUDENTS
Authors: da Rosa Grace , Qreshi Mariam , Laures-Gore Jacqueline , Kim Hyunji , Morgan Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older students (aged 50+) are an important, yet underrecognized group on today’s college campuses. Many campuses lack age-friendliness, which deters older students from enrolling and creates barriers for these students. In an effort to better understand age-friendliness of Georgia State University (GSU) campuses, we conducted a survey in Fall 2019 (n=411; 39% response rate). The survey assessed motivations for attending school, challenges on campus, perceptions of how the university is currently addressing their needs, factors/resources that helped adjustment to school, and the extent to which they experienced age discrimination on campus. Of the respondents, 45% were undergraduates (50% identified as Black; 38% identified as White); 41% were graduate students (29% identified as Black; 62% identified as White), and 14% were non-degree students (24% identified as Black; 62% identified as White). Thematic analysis of the responses suggest that the main challenges experienced by GSU older students are course-related (e.g., course load, bureaucracy getting enrolled, limited class options, scheduled course times, course modalities) and time-related (e.g., balance between school, work, and family). For example, students noted, “difficulties finding study groups/lab partners due to age differences” and “administrators not taking older students serious.” Technology barriers were pervasive in the open responses. Respondents further identified faculty/instructors as key resources for overcoming barriers. The survey served as an initial needs assessment to answer institutional questions informing the journey to becoming designated as an Age Friendly University. Implications for increasing age inclusivity and supporting older students will be discussed.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF THE EVERYDAY MEMORY AND METACOGNITIVE INTERVENTION IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Pearman Ann , Hughes MacKenzie , Giannotto Emily , Coblenz Clara , Flurry Ethan , Curley Taylor , Hertzog Christopher 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated an intervention to improve remembering in everyday life, the Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention (EMMI). EMMI uses strategies designed to enhance everyday remembering and self-regulatory approaches to monitor goal pursuit, anticipate, and address memory demands. A randomized controlled trial compared a group assigned to EMMI with a traditional memory strategy training control (MSC) group. Expanding on earlier work (Pearman et al., 2020) we created a new event-based ecological momentary assessment (EB-EMA) smartphone application for reporting everyday memory errors when they occurred, synched to a nightly diary for collecting additional information about each event. The pretest-posttest design assessed changes in subjective memory beliefs and episodic memory performance and also measured posttest-only performance measures, including EB-EMA frequency of memory errors and a laboratory contact task assessing everyday prospective memory. The protocol was reduced in scope to accommodate fully remote participation due to the pandemic. The final sample included 30 EMMI and 32 MSC participants. Memory strategy training differentially improved MSC associative memory test performance. There were no group differences in EB-EMA reported memory errors or successful prospective memory contacts. The EMMI group showed more improvement in memory self-efficacy than the MSC group; both groups showed increases in perceived control over everyday memory. Individual differences in EMMI intervention benefits suggest that the program worked well in reducing memory errors for some but not all older adults. The EMMI shows promise but may require more extensive in-person training and behavioral shaping than this study provided to improve everyday memory.
RESILIENCE AND AGE MODIFY INFLUENCES OF STRESS AND POSITIVE EXPERIENCES ON SUBJECTIVE COGNITION
Authors: Witzel Dakota , Segerstrom Suzanne , Kurth Maria , Choun Soyoung , Crosby Paris , Aldwin Carolyn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a major, chronic, worldwide stressor related to poorer health and well-being, especially among older adults, but less is known about risk and protective factors related to cognitive functioning during this stressful time. This eight-week study of 229 community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults (Mage=71.1; 74% women) examined associations between the intensities of weekly stress and positive experiences on subjective cognitive functioning. We also examined how age and trait resilience modified these associations. Zero-inflated Poisson models revealed a positive association between the intensity of stress and self-reported cognitive difficulties (γ=0.34, SE=0.07), whereas the intensity of positive experiences was associated with fewer difficulties (γ=-0.09, SE=0.03). Age moderated the effect of stress (γ=-0.01, SE=0.002), with the old-old having more subjective cognitive difficulties under more intense stress than the young-old. Resilience modified effects of stress and positive experiences, respectively, on cognition (γ=0.04, SE=0.01 and γ=-0.01, SE=0.01). Those with lower resilience reported more cognitive difficulties under more intense compared to less intense stress; this association was slightly attenuated for people with more resilience. Similar associations emerged between resilience and positive experience intensity. Older age was a risk factor for subjective cognitive difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially under conditions of high weekly stress, whereas resilience was a protective factor. Although those high in resilience appeared to be more sensitive to cognitive difficulties during more intense positive experiences, they still reported fewer difficulties than those low in resilience. Older adults’ cognitive resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic was heterogeneous and multifactorial.
THE ROLE OF VERBATIM VERSUS GIST FORMATTING IN AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION AVOIDANCE
Authors: Mei Lauren , Nolte Julia , Löckenhoff Corinna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults are more likely to underuse and actively avoid decision-relevant information. Although the mechanisms underlying age-related differences in information avoidance are still unknown, Fuzzy-Trace Theory (Reyna, 2012) suggests they may be due to age-related differences in information processing preferences: According to this framework, information is stored using both gist (subjective meaning) and verbatim representations (objective details/numbers). Older adults prefer gist information and gist-based information processing, whereas younger adults favor verbatim information and verbatim processing. To examine whether age-related differences in information avoidance are affected by age-related information and processing preferences, an adult lifespan sample (N = 432) completed a pre-registered online study. Participants responded to scenarios containing potentially aversive information and chose between accepting or avoiding the information. Information formatting was experimentally manipulated, with participants either being faced with receiving gist or verbatim-formatted information. Across age groups, participants were more likely to avoid verbatim numbers than qualitative gist information (p=.026); no associations were found between avoidance and information or processing preferences. At odds with prior research, age was associated with lower information avoidance (p=.010). Follow-up analyses revealed that older adults were less likely to avoid information in health-related contexts but not in contexts unrelated to health (e.g., consumer information; p=.010). Overall, participants were more likely to avoid non-health information than health information (p&lt;.001). In sum, our findings revealed that older adults show a decreased likelihood of avoiding potentially aversive health information, but that age-related differences in information avoidance cannot be linked to age-related information or processing preferences.
CONCORDANCE IN SPOUSES’ INTENTION TO MOVE AFTER RETIREMENT AMONG KOREAN MIDDLE-AGED COUPLES
Authors: Lee Eunju , Kim Kyungmin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Midlife adults often envision life after retirement and start planning for retirement, forming their own expectations of where they live after retirement. Migration after retirement is an important decision in that physical and social environments of housing and communities affect health and well-being in later life. Research has emphasized that moving decisions are made at the household level, but less is known about whether middle-aged couples are concordant in their desire to move after retirement and whether concordant desires are associated with couples’ marital characteristics, such as marital satisfaction, dyadic coping styles, and communication. We analyzed a sample of 1,285 middle-aged couples (age 49–64) from the 2012 Korean Baby Boomer Panel Study and Korean Forgotten Generation Study. The majority of couples (83%) were concordant in their moving desires—by either agreeing to move (29%) or to stay (54%), whereas 17% of couples were not in agreement—either only husband desires to move (9%) or only wife desires to move (8%). Logistic/multinomial regression results showed that couples who had a communal problem-solving style and where the wife perceived higher marital satisfaction were more likely to be concordant in their moving desires (i.e., agreeing to move or to stay), after controlling for other individual and family characteristics. Further, couples were more likely to agree to move—when they had discussion about life after retirement and shared individual stress between spouses. Our findings suggest the importance of marital dynamics in understanding concordance in spouses’ desire to move after retirement.
ETHNIC VARIATIONS IN SOCIAL CAPITAL IN SOUTH ASIAN AND CHINESE OLDER ADULTS IN HONG KONG
Authors: Lai Daniel W L , Ou Alison X T , Lee Vincent W P , Yu Doris S F , Li Jia , Surood Shireen , Lau Gary K K 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The role of social capital has gained a lot of attention as one of the determinants of wellbeing of aging adults. It serves the functions of connecting people with vital resources essential to improvement of health, promotion of social cohesion and networks, and enhancement of support received. Social capital could be influenced by a variety of individual and socio-cultural factors among racialized groups. This study aims to examine the variations in social capital in Chinese and South Asian aging adults in Hong Kong. A sample of 1,015 people aged 55 and above, consisting of Chinese (n=800) and South Asian participants (n=215), participated in a survey via telephone (Chinese) and face-to-face (South Asian) interview respectively. A 25-item World Bank’s Social Capital Assessment Tool was used for measuring six variables related to social capital including social participation, social support, social connection, trust, cohesion, and reciprocity, covering the structural and cognitive dimensions of social capital. A generalized linear model was performed to detect differences between the two groups after controlling for demographics. The aging Chinese people exhibited a stronger cohesion level than their South Asian counterparts, whereas the aging South Asians demonstrated higher levels of social participation, social support, social connection, trust, and reciprocity. The identified gaps further illustrate the socio-cultural differences between the groups, highlighting the importance of strategies for enhancing social inclusion and equity for racialized older people in the Chinese context.
PREDICTORS OF DECISION MAKING FOR AGING-IN-PLACE SUPPORT IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Miller-Winder Amber , Relerford Raven , Schierer Allie , Olvera Charles , Murawski Alaine , Ramirez-Zohfeld Vanessa , Lindquist Lee A 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) need additional support in their lifetime, yet little is known about how the decision to accept help is made. Our goal is to better understand how older adults’ aging-in-place (AIP) decision making is impacted by worsening cognition, functional loss, social influences, and environmental factors. This longitudinal study consists of older adults from an NIA-funded cohort (LitCog) with extensive cognitive testing. The intervention, PlanYourLifespan.org (PYL), facilitates making decisions about AIP needs, including AD. After viewing PYL, subjects are surveyed every 6 months with cognitive, social, functional, health literacy, environmental and decision-making variables. Of 293 subjects, (mean age 73.5, 72.7% female, 40.4% under-represented minority) almost half (47.4%) experienced cognitive decline with 10.3% identifying worsening memory loss from the prior timepoint. Subjects were asked: If you developed AD, have you decided your living/support preferences? At 1-mo, subjects were significantly more likely to have made decisions if they had: limited health literacy (OR 4.36 [p&lt; 0.01, 1.69-11.24]), larger social networks (OR 1.08 [p&lt; 0.05, 1.01-1.15]), completion of a living will (OR 2.43 [p&lt; 0.05,1.11-5.33]. At 6-mo, sufficient social support (OR 3.39 [p&lt; 0.05, 1.19-9.70]. At 12-mo, higher social isolation (OR 1.05 [p&lt; 0.05, 1.01-1.08]) and self-efficacy (OR 1.07 [p&lt; 0.01, 1.04-1.11]). In the event of worsening cognition, the likelihood of making care decision is associated with external (social support) and internal (self-efficacy, health literacy) variables, which change in significance over time. Catastrophic factors (COVID-19) impacted comfortability of utilizing long-term care facilities.
CAREGIVERS’ INTERACTIONS WITH HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS AND THEIR WELL-BEING BY RACE AND ETHNICITY AND GENERATION
Authors: Moon Heehyul , Rote Sunshine , Baik Sol 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Black and Hispanic family caregivers often face higher levels of care demands than White caregivers, due to factors such as limited resources, cultural differences, and systemic and structural inequalities. Family caregivers from different generations (Baby Boomer vs. Generation X & Millennial ) may approach and experience caregiving process and its health effects to a different extent. Caregivers often interact with healthcare providers on behalf of their care recipients, and these experiences can vary based on caregiver background (race and ethnicity and generation). The current study aimed to explore these interactions and their impact on caregivers’ well-being using nationally representative data from the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC, round 11 (N=1,455; 418 Black caregivers, 926 Non-Hispanic White caregivers, and 111 Hispanic caregivers)). Most caregivers were adult children (70%) and female (70%), with approximately 68% were from the baby boomer generation. While Black and Hispanic caregivers were significantly less likely than White caregivers to communicate with medical providers (χ2(df=2)=12, p&lt;.001), baby boomer caregivers provided more assistance with speaking to medical providers than caregivers from younger generations (χ2(df=1)=4, p&lt;.05). Our regression results indicate that Hispanic caregivers who had more frequent communication with medical professionals reported more depressive symptoms and poorer health, while Black caregivers who rarely communicated with providers reported worse outcomes. Future research should examine the nature and quality of these interactions with healthcare providers to improve caregivers’ well-being.
CARE-RECEIVING CHARACTERISTICS AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH DIFFERENT MENTAL–SOMATIC MULTIMORBIDITY COMBINATIONS
Authors: Liu Mona , Nagel Corey , Chen Siting , Allore Heather , Kaye Jeffrey , Quiñones Ana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Older adults with distinct multimorbidity combinations require different care with varying intensities. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic, health, and care-receiving characteristics among older adults with varying multimorbidity patterns. A total of 4,719 participants from the National Health and Aging Trends Study in 2017 were included, and five clinically-informed multimorbidity categories were assessed: 169 (3.58%) had no conditions, 3031 (64.23%) had somatic conditions only, 347 (7.35%) had depression without cognitive impairment (depression group), 852 (18.05%) had cognitive impairment without depression (cognitive impairment group), and 320 (6.78%) had both depression and cognitive impairment. Compared with the depression group and cognitive impairment group, those with both depression and cognitive impairment were significantly older, more likely to be non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, widowed, U.S. born, Medicaid recipients, underweight BMI, had lower levels of education and more functional limitations. Compared to the depression group, those with both depression and cognitive impairment had lower self-rated health, less likely to be a smoker, received 118 more hours of care per month on average with more caregivers in ADLs, banking, and money management. Compared with the cognitive impairment group, those with both depression and cognitive impairment had more somatic conditions, received an average of 70 more hours of care per month with more caregivers in ADLs. Results highlighted the substantially greater caregiving hours and intensities pertaining to the combination of depression and/or cognitive impairment, and suggested the potential of addressing mental health among older adults with or without dementia to improve their own and caregivers’ health outcomes.
EMOTIONAL DISTRESS, ECONOMIC PRESSURE, AND WELL-BEING DURING COVID-19: THE ROLE OF A WARM ROMANTIC PARTNER
Authors: Hart Abigail , Lee Jeenkyoung , Neppl Tricia , Greenlee M Heather West 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused health threats especially for rural older adults. We know less about how characteristics prior to the pandemic impact how older adults fare during the pandemic. Guided by the Family Stress Model, the current study examined midlife economic pressure (age 39) to emotional distress (ages 40-42) and older adult (age 70) COVID-19-related well-being (financial strain, anxiety, general health), and how these associations differ by a warm spouse. Data come from the Family Transitions Project (1989, 1990-1992, 2017, 2020) and included rural white older adults from enduring marriages (N = 265). Multiple group analysis (structural equation modeling, full information maximum likelihood) revealed significant differences between two groups divided by low and high warmth from a spouse in 2017 (low = 135, high = 130). Chi-square difference test between fixed and free model was significant (∆X2 = 9.48, ∆df = 2, p &lt; .01), and free model had an acceptable fit to the data (X2 = 90.616, df = 56, p &lt; .01, CFI = .97, RMSEA = .07). For low warmth group (but not high), emotional distress from economic pressure in midlife significantly predicted financial strain (b = 1.02, SE = .35, p &lt; .01) and anxiety (b = 1.03, SE = .20, p &lt; .001) during COVID-19. General health during COVID-19 was associated with emotional distress in midlife but did not differ by group. Our findings help understand the role of marital warmth on how earlier family stressors impact older adult well-being during historical events like COVID-19.
SPINNING YOUR WHEELS: AGE DIFFERENCE IN DAILY RUMINATIONS AND COVID-19 STRESS EXPERIENCES
Authors: Pearman Ann , Neupert Shevaun , Hughes MacKenzie , Lefebvre Emily 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How individuals think about stress affects the impact that stress has on their daily life, however, the nature of this relationship may differ by age and be unique within the context of COVID-19. This study uses a daily diary approach to examine age differences in predictors of daily COVID-19-related stress and appraisals as they unfold. A U.S. sample of 535 adults (white [54%] and Black or African American [46%]) ages 21-79 submitted online diaries for 21 days in 2020. Daily measures included appraisals about how COVID-19 impacted several areas of functioning (e.g. routines, finances), stress due to COVID-19, and amount of rumination about COVID-19. Multilevel modeling showed a significant effect of knowledge on appraisals, where people with more knowledge about the pandemic generally reported that COVID-19 had less impact on their lives. A significant interaction emerged between Age x Daily COVID-19 Stress x Daily COVID-19 Rumination predicting daily appraisals. Whereas the strength of the positive relationship between stress and appraisals remained strong across varying levels of rumination for younger adults, the positive relationship between stress and appraisals was weaker at lower levels of rumination compared to higher levels of rumination for older adults. That is, COVID-19-related stress had less of a perceived impact on older adults’ lives on days they engaged in less rumination about the pandemic. These findings have implications for understanding the role of ruminative thinking on stress and appraisals across the adult lifespan. Different processes may be in play with younger and older adults.