bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La seconde Révolution tranquille—Démocratiser la
démocratie
Authors: de Champlain Olivier 
Published: August 2005

La seconde Révolution tranquille—Démocratiser la
démocratie, Gil Courtemanche, Montréal, Boréal 2003,
172 p.C'est bien à une seconde Révolution tranquille que
l'auteur-journaliste-essayiste Gil Courtemanche nous convie tout au
long de ce petit essai au ton pamphlétaire, écrit dans
l'euphorie consécutive au sommet de Porto Allegre.
Démocratiser la démocratie, voilà la véritable
finalité de cette seconde Révolution tranquille, qui,
contrairement à la première, devra venir de la base.
Still Counting: Women in Politics Across Canada
Authors: Goodyear-Grant Elizabeth 
Published: August 2005

Still Counting: Women in Politics Across Canada, Linda Trimble and
Jane Arscott, Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 2003. pp. xvi, 210Numbers matter. This is Trimble and Arscott's fundamental
message. The ratio of women in elected and appointed political posts to
their proportion in the population at large is a measure of fairness in
political representation that has obvious implications for women's
impact on political processes and policy outcomes. Although Canadian in
perspective, the authors draw international comparisons where appropriate
and find Canada rather lacking. Perennial under-representation, despite
marked improvements over the past three decades, is an evident problem and
an issue worthy of investigation.
Feminist Perspectives on Canadian Foreign Policy
Authors: Narain Nigmendra 
Published: August 2005

Feminist Perspectives on Canadian Foreign Policy, Claire Turenne
Sjolander, Heather A. Smith and Deborah Steinstra, eds., Toronto: Oxford
University Press, 2003, pp. xiv, 246This timely must-read collection of fourteen essays is a welcomed
addition to a growing body of feminist Canadian foreign policy literature.
It is an accessible collection which challenges traditional Canadian
foreign policy analyses (including feminist ones) by deploying feminist
approaches and presenting feminist foreign policy (re-)formulations. Each
author carefully explains relevant feminist theory or scholarship to link
tightly their theoretical arguments with their case studies.
Welfare Hot Buttons: Women, Work, and Social Policy Reform
Authors: Andrew Caroline 
Published: August 2005

Welfare Hot Buttons: Women, Work, and Social Policy Reform, Sylvia
Bashevkin, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002, pp. viii, 188.Welfare Hot Buttons raises important, and in some ways
uncomfortable, questions. Its major argument, in comparing social policy
reform in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, is that the
conservative leaders (Ronald Reagan, George Bush Sr., Margaret Thatcher,
John Major, Brian Mulroney, Kim Campbell) were, in their social policy
reforms, less punitive, less restrictive and less obsessed with paid work
than their post-conservative successors (Bill Clinton, Tony Blair, Jean
Chrétien). This raises important questions about the importance of
elections and of elected politicians. There were real expectations that,
to take the Canadian example, electing Chrétien's Liberals was
a major shift away from Mulroney's Conservatives yet, as Sylvia
Bashevkin shows, this was not true in the vital policy area of social
policy reform.
Imagining Interest in Political Thought: Origins of Economic
Rationality
Authors: Hocutt Max O. 
Published: August 2005

Imagining Interest in Political Thought: Origins of Economic
Rationality, Stephen G. Engelmann, Durham and London: Duke University
Press, 2003, pp. x, 194This always fascinating but sometimes frustrating volume undertakes to
trace the natural history of what its author calls
neo-liberalism, meaning the kind of economic analysis and
approach to governance practiced by such denizens of the Chicago school as
Nobel Prize winner Gary Becker and appeals court Justice Richard Posner. A
professor at the University of Illinois in Chicago, Engelmann contends
that this mode of analysis grew out of a way of thinking that was brought
to maturity by Jeremy Bentham but had already begun to take root in
Cromwell's England.
The Logic of Political Survival
Authors: Warwick Paul 
Published: August 2005

The Logic of Political Survival, Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, Alastair
Smith, Randolph Siverson, and James Morrow, Cambridge, MA and London: The
MIT Press, 2003, pp. xiii, 536The Logic of Political Survival is much more than its title
suggests. Its main focus is certainly on the survival of political
leaders, but its embrace extends to economic development, nation-building,
democratization, war and peace, protest, civil war, and revolution. All of
these topics are subsumed under a single theory that is elaborated
formally and validated through a truly gargantuan exercise in data
analysis. It is, without doubt, an extraordinary attempt to answer some
very big questions.
La politique étrangère des États-Unis.
Fondements, acteurs, formulation
Authors: Deschênes Dany 
Published: August 2005

La politique étrangère des États-Unis.
Fondements, acteurs, formulation, Charles-Philippe David, Louis Balthazar
et Justin Vaïsse, Paris : Presses de sciences po, 2003, 382 p.Avec l'avènement de l'administration de George W.
Bush et les suites des attentats de septembre 2001, l'étude de
la politique étrangère des États-Unis, en langue
française, connaît un dynamisme renouvelé. Plusieurs
travaux récents, dont ceux de Jean-Yves Haine et de Sabine Lavorel
respectivement sur la politique américaine face à
l'Alliance atlantique et sur la formulation de la politique de
sécurité nationale sous G.W. Bush, sont des exemples qui
illustrent bien cette tendance.
Critical Political Studies: Debates and Dialogues from the
Left
Authors: Chorney Harold 
Published: August 2005

Critical Political Studies: Debates and Dialogues from the Left,
Abigail B. Bakan and Eleanor MacDonald, eds., Montreal:
McGill-Queen's University Press, 2002, pp. xiv, 432For political observers, scholars, analysts and practitioners on the
left the last two decades have been very difficult. With the rise of
globalization, the decline of the Keynesian welfare state, the triumph of
Thatcherism, Reaganism and Mulroneyism and the decade long dominance of
neo-liberalism in Canada, a great deal of creative rethinking has become
necessary—not only for the socialist left, but also for social
democrats, left liberals and red tories.
Hegel on Ethics and Politics
Authors: Pellerin Daniel 
Published: August 2005

Hegel on Ethics and Politics, Robert B. Pippin and Otfried Höffe,
eds., translated by Nicholas Walker; The German Philosophical Tradition
Series; Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004, pp.
358In a better world, all books involving Kant or Hegel might come with a
reverse price tag. Instead of making prospective readers pay for the
privilege, they would encourage and reward the gruelling labour facing
those who would brave the convoluted prose, the merciless grind of
thousand-word paragraphs lecturing in German no matter the language in
which they appear to be written. In our own world, of course, such learned
works tend to be especially expensive, a whopping hundred dollars in this
case.
Cyber-Diplomacy: Managing Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First
Century
Authors: Mutimer David 
Published: August 2005

Cyber-Diplomacy: Managing Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First
Century, Evan H. Potter, ed., Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's
University Press, 2002, xii, 208.We are repeatedly told that we live in a revolutionary age, a time in
which dramatic new developments in information and communication
technologies (ICTs) will fundamentally transform the ways in which we live
and work. Even the collapse of the dot.com bubble in 2000 has not much
dampened the spirits of the techno-utopians. Given these often-exaggerated
claims, I approached Cyber-Diplomacy with some trepidation, as
the editor cites Marshall McLuhan's ‘global village’ in
the first line of his introduction, and speaks of an information
revolution in his second paragraph. However, as I pressed on in the text I
was very pleasantly surprised to find that the editor and authors of this
short volume are well aware of the dangers of overstatement in relation to
ICTs, and work very hard throughout to avoid techno-utopianism. Instead,
the authors attempt to take a fairly sober look at “how diplomacy is
adapting to the new global information order” (7).
‘Choice’ Discourse in BC Child Care: Distancing Policy from Research
Authors: Kershaw Paul 
Published: August 2005

Abstract.The gap between child care research and policy is growing in BC. While policy changes are what one would expect from the right-of-centre Liberal government, the gap runs contrary to its expressed commitment to the design of early childhood development policy on the basis of ‘science.’ The BC child care domain thus provides a rich context in which to examine how ideology mediates the consumption of research in the political arena. This article argues that the government's ‘choice’ discourse facilitates the articulation of neoliberal principles in a rhetorically neutral way while casting doubt on scholarship that illuminates gender and class inequalities.Résumé.L'écart entre les recherches au sujet de soins d'enfant et la politique s'élargit en Colombie-Britannique. Pendant qu'on prévoit ces changements d'un gouvernement libéral droit-du-centre, l'écart dément son engagement de concevoir la politique de development de la petite enfance d'après la “science”. Ainsi la domaine de soins d'enfant en Colombie-Britannique fournit un contexte riche pour examiner comment l'idéologie s'interpose dans la consommation de recherches dans l'arène politique. Cet article soutient que la soi-disant dialogue de “choix” du gouvernement facilite l'articulation des principes néolibéraux d'une manière neutraliste pendant qu'on soulève du doute à l'érudition qui illumine des inégalités de genre et de classe sociale.
The Spouse in the House: What Explains the Marriage Gap in
Canada?
Authors: Wilson J. Matthew , Lusztig Michael 
Published: August 2005

Abstract. A literature has emerged in American voting studies
noting a “marriage gap”—the propensity for married
voters to support the Republican party. Using Canadian Election Study
data, we establish the existence of a significant marriage gap in Canada.
We also seek to determine if the marriage gap is driven by
socio-demographic factors or attitudinal ones. We find that while
socio-demographic factors contribute to the marriage gap, they explain
relatively little variance. In probing the attitudinal basis of the
marriage gap further, we find that married Canadians differ from the unwed
very strongly on issues of moral traditionalism, but much less so on other
issues that measure generalized conservatism.Résumé. Des travaux sont apparus dans les
études américaines sur le vote remarquant l'existence
d'un “écart mariage” (marriage gap) – la
tendance des électeurs mariés à soutenir le parti
républicain. Utilisant des données sur les élections
nationales canadiennes, nous établissons l'existence d'un
écart significatif au Canada. Nous cherchons aussi à
déterminer si ce phénomène est poussé par les
facteurs socio-démographiques ou les facteurs d'attitude. Nous
constatons que bien que les facteurs socio-démographiques
contribuent à cet écart, ils n'expliquent que
relativement peu de variation. En recherchant davantage la base
attitudinale, nous constatons que les canadiens mariés
diffèrent très fortement de ceux qui ne sont pas
mariés sur les questions de traditionalisme moral, mais cependant
beaucoup moins sur les questions de conservatisme géneral.
Size‐dependent foraging capacities and intercohort competition in an ontogenetic omnivore (Arctic char)
Authors: Byström Pär , Andersson Jens 
Published: August 2005

Intraspecific competition for resources is strongly influenced by the size of competitors. In this study, we estimated the size‐scaling of the foraging capacities on zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) to link size‐dependent performance to effects from competition. The competitive interactions between two size‐classes (YOY and 1‐y) of char were then studied in a large‐scale pond experiment and in two small subarctic lakes. The attack rate function on zooplankton was hump‐shaped whereas the attack rate on benthic chironomids increased monotonically with size. The size‐scaling exponent's for zooplankton and chironomids were 0.65 and 0.30, respectively, leading to that critical resource density (CRD) and maximum growth resource density (GMRD) increases with size, suggesting an exploitative competitive advantage of small individuals over large. Correspondingly, large (1‐y) char growth was negatively affected by cohort competition whereas small (YOY) char growth was not. Diets of both size classes were dominated by macroinvertebrates with large overlap in prey size suggesting only small gape size advantages for large char. Small char fed to a larger extend on cladocerans which, due to the hump‐shaped foraging efficiency function on zooplankton, were a relatively more profitable resource for small than large char.Estimates of CRD and GmRD were in correspondence with observed growth responses and resource estimates for zooplankton, whereas for macroinvertebrates only qualitatively correspondence with foraging estimates and char performance was found. Although we were able to explain our results with exploitative competition only, we suggest a general need for size‐dependent foraging estimates on prey in more complex habitats in order to quantitatively link performance and resource abundances. Interference and size‐dependent resource use as mechanisms for observed stable population dynamics in char was not supported by this study and instead a low per capita fecundity and early cannibalism on recruits are suggested to be potential mechanisms that may stabilize char dynamics.
Accident and Emergency nurses’ attitudes towards health promotion
Authors: Cross Ruth 
Published: August 2005

Aim.  This paper presents a study exploring Accident and Emergency nurses’ attitudes towards health promotion.Background.  Much has been written about nurses and health promotion. Research has focused mainly on community nurses, less on nurses working in acute hospital settings, and apparently not at all on those working in Accident and Emergency units.Methods.  Q methodology, a technique for extracting subjective opinions, was used. Eleven nurses working in Accident and Emergency departments completed 33‐item Q‐sorts and wrote personal definitions of health promotion. Based on published literature in the field, the Q sample was structured with reference to nurses’ attitudes as they related to health promotion. Factor analysis was performed on the data, and the resulting factors were interpreted. The data were collected in 2003.Results.  Three alternative constructions emerged from the data, representing three alternate views about health promotion. The most widely held opinion (representing nine of the 11 nurses) was a positive view of health promotion and the nurses’ role in health promotion in Accident and Emergency environments.Conclusions.  It is not possible to generalize the findings of this study due to the small number of participants. However, their knowledge of, and commitment to, health promotion is encouraging. Recommendations for practice are that there is continued and increased post‐registration education in health promotion for nurses and continuing exploration of the hospital nurses’ health promotion role. Further research is needed to explore nurses’ perceptions of barriers to effective health promotion and nurses’ health promotion activities in Accident and Emergency environments.
Specialist educational intervention for mental health nursing staff: delivery, content and personal impact
Authors: Bee Penny , Richards David , Loftus Samantha , Baker John , Bailey Lorna , Lovell Karina 
Published: August 2005

Aim.  This paper reports a study to ascertain the views of acute ward‐based mental health nursing staff on the delivery, content and personal impact of an innovative 18‐day, whole team educational intervention in acute mental health care.Background.  There are grave concerns internationally about the quality of inpatient mental health care for people with acute psychiatric problems. Educational courses are needed to improve these services. However, existing schemes are often selective, hard to access and limited to developing highly specialist skills for senior nurses. They have also been criticized for making no difference to clinical practice. There is little evidence to guide the development of these or alternative team‐based courses.Method.  Qualitative data were collected over a 6‐week period using 12 focus group interviews and individual questionnaires.Results.  Four themes were identified. The joint education of nursing staff from different organizations was welcomed and reduced feelings of ward isolation. Mixing qualified and unqualified staff was not regarded positively. In terms of course content and learning themes, unqualified staff were more likely to report positive learning outcomes for knowledge, skills, attitude, morale and personal development; qualified nurses were more likely to indicate positive outcomes in anonymized data from questionnaires than from focus groups. Both groups reported little chance of knowledge implementation without changes in the organization of care.Conclusion.  Whilst it may be desirable to educate whole nursing teams, more benefit might be gained from shared education between several organizations and separating the education of qualified and unqualified staff before combining these groups in team education. Participants remained pessimistic about their chances of implementing new knowledge and skills in current acute inpatient mental health environments.
Room for improvement? Reporting response rates and recruitment in nursing research in the past decade
Authors: Badger Frances , Werrett Julie 
Published: August 2005

Aims.  This paper reports an analysis of recruitment and response rates in published nursing research in three peer reviewed nursing journals in 2002. We wished to establish if the deficits in reporting nursing research identified a decade earlier had been addressed.Background.  This analysis was informed by our personal experiences of research which produced widely differing response rates. An examination of the literature revealed a lack of consensus on desirable response rates in nursing research. Previous analyses have shown deficits in describing participants, sampling methods and reporting recruitment.Methods.  Papers reporting empirical research in three nursing journals in 2002 were reviewed in terms of a number of variables including research methodology, respondent type, recruitment method, response rate, location, and data collection method. Nominal coding was used as necessary. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences and a variety of descriptive statistics were employed.Results.  Half of the papers did not report a response rate. Of those which did, over three‐quarters of both qualitative and quantitative studies had response rates of 60% or more. Research conducted in hospital and educational settings produced higher response rates than those in community settings. Studies with response rates of less than 60% did not always refer to their rates in the study limitations, and low response rates do not appear to be a barrier to publication.Conclusion.  Reporting of sampling, recruitment and response rates in nursing research must be improved to support nursings’ claim to be an evidence‐based profession and to underpin clinical governance requirements. Only through improvements in the quality of nursing research publications can knowledge be extended and a better‐informed research community be created.
Evidence‐based practice among Danish cardiac nurses: a national survey
Authors: Egerod Ingrid , Hansen Glennie Marie 
Published: August 2005

Aims.  This paper presents a survey of evidence‐based practice among cardiac nurses exploring nurses’ attitudes towards evidence‐based practice and the types of knowledge they employ in clinical practice.Background.  Research utilization and evidence‐based practice are required at hospitals around the world, although the definition of evidence‐based practice is still unclear. An ongoing debate exists about the sources of knowledge and the hierarchy of research evidence in clinical practice, and nursing research has been threatened by the dominance of randomized controlled trials. Evidence‐based practice has been described as a new paradigm, which promotes patient‐centred care by integrating external evidence and patient preferences.Methods.  The study was a cross‐sectional survey with a descriptive and comparative design, using self‐administered postal questionnaires. The questionnaires were sent to 33 head nurses and 51 bedside nurses representing one or two units in each cardiac department in Denmark (n = 28). The final response rate was 81%. The study was carried out in 2004.Results.  Respondents had a positive attitude towards evidence‐based practice, although they relied upon personal clinical experience. Head nurses were statistically significantly more familiar with the concept of evidence‐based practice than bedside nurses, and read scientific journals more frequently. Introductory courses to evidence‐based practice are rare and seldom mandatory, and the data suggest that respondents lacked knowledge of the finer points of evidence‐based practice and equated the concept with research utilization.Conclusions.  Barriers to evidence‐based practice are inadequate education, unfamiliarity with English, and low organizational position. Facilitators include the implementation of guidelines, provision of continuing education, and an increase in the accountability of bedside nurses.
Stress and coping among families of patients with traumatic brain injury: a review of the literature
Authors: Verhaeghe Sofie , Defloor Tom , Grypdonck Mieke 
Published: August 2005

Aims and objectives.  This literature review aims to structure the available information on the psychological reactions of family members confronted with traumatic brain injury. The stress–coping theory and the systems theory provide the theoretical framework for this review.Method.  Literature review.Results.  The level of stress experienced by the family members of patients who have traumatic brain injury is such that professional intervention is appropriate, even after 10–15 years. Not the severity of the injury but the nature of the injuries determines the level of stress. Partners experience more stress than parents. Children have specific difficulties. Young families with little social support, financial, psychiatric and/or medical problems are the most vulnerable. Coping with traumatic brain injury can be described in phases. The better family members can cope with the situation, the better the patient's recovery. There are functional and non‐functional coping mechanisms and coping is influenced by such factors as gender, social and professional support and the possibility to have reciprocal communication or an affective relation with the patient.Relevance to clinical practice.  Support from professionals reduces the stress being experienced and encourages people to cope effectively. Conflicts with professional carers should be avoided. Every attempt should be made to develop models of long‐term support and care that alleviate sources of burden on relatives. Further research is necessary to develop such models.