bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-pharmacological interventions for improving sleep in people living with HIV: a systematic narrative review
Authors: Meng Jingjing , Zheng Chunyuan , Wang Honghong , Välimäki Maritta , Wang Min 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundSleep disturbances are common in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and may lead to poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy and worsen HIV symptom severity. Due to the side effects of pharmacotherapy for sleep disturbances, there is more room for non-pharmacological interventions, but knowledge of how these non-pharmacological interventions have been used to improve sleep in people living with HIV (PLWH) is still missing.ObjectiveTo investigate the content of non-pharmacological interventions, sleep measurements, and the impact of these interventions on improving sleep in PLWH.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and China Biology Medicine disc. Non-pharmacological interventions for improving sleep in PLWH were included, and study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. We performed a narrative approach to synthesize the data to better understand the details and complexity of the interventions.ResultsFifteen experimental studies in three categories for improving sleep in PLWH were included finally, including psychological interventions (components of cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, n = 6), physical interventions (auricular plaster therapy, acupuncture, and exercise, n = 8), and elemental interventions (speed of processing training with transcranial direct current stimulation, n = 1). Wrist actigraphy, sleep diary, and self-reported scales were used to measure sleep. Psychological interventions and physical interventions were found to have short-term effects on HIV-related sleep disturbances.ConclusionsPsychological and physical interventions of non-pharmacological interventions can potentially improve sleep in PLWH, and the combination of patient-reported outcomes and actigraphy devices can help measure sleep comprehensively. Future non-pharmacological interventions need to follow protocols with evidence-based dosing, contents, and measures to ensure their sustainable and significant effects.
Changes in fear-associated learning task brain activation over the COVID-19 pandemic period: a preliminary longitudinal analysis
Authors: Popovich Claire , Grau Aaron S. , Shih Chia-Hao , Chidiac Neejad T. , Zhou Adrian , Wang Xin , Xie Hong 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on people worldwide. Previous studies have shown that fear learning, extinction, recall, and contextual information processing involve the activation of emotion and sensory brain systems, which can be modified. However, it remains unclear whether brain functions associated with these processes have been altered over the pandemic period.MethodsWe compared pre- and peri-pandemic brain activation during a fear-associated learning task (FALT) using previously collected data. The participants were divided into two groups: the pandemic group (n = 16), who completed a baseline FALT before the pandemic and repeated the task during the pandemic, and the non-pandemic group (n = 77), who completed both sessions before the pandemic began.ResultsCompared with the non-pandemic group, the pandemic group exhibited significant decreases in brain activation from baseline to follow-up assessments, including activation in the brainstem during early fear learning, the posterior thalamus/hippocampus during late extinction, and the occipital pole during late recall phases for contextual processing. Furthermore, activations associated with retrieving safety cues were reduced in the posterior cingulate, premotor, and calcarine cortices during the early recall phase, and activations associated with retrieving dangerous cues decreased in the occipital pole during the late recall phase. Additionally, correlations between decreased activation and elevated posttraumatic stress symptoms were observed.ConclusionThese findings suggest that activations associated with processing low arousal contextual information, safety cues, and extinguished fear cues decreased during the pandemic. These changes in brain activation may have contributed to the increase in mental health disturbances observed during this time.
A comparison of quality of life between older adults living in high and low altitude areas
Authors: Liu Shou , Wang Fei , Sha Sha , Cai Hong , Ng Chee H. , Feng Yuan , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundHigh altitude is known to have a significant impact on human physiology and health, therefore, understanding its relationship with quality of life is an important research area. This study compared the quality of life (QOL) in older adults living in high and low altitude areas, and examined the independent correlates of QOL in those living in a high altitude area.MethodsOlder adults living in three public nursing homes in Xining (high altitude area) and one public nursing home in Guangzhou (low altitude area) were recruited. The WHOQOL-BREF was used to measure the QOL.Results644 older adults (male: 39.1%) were included, with 207 living in high altitude and 437 living in low altitude areas. After controlling for the covariates, older adults living in the high altitude area had higher QOL in terms of physical (P = 0.035) and social domains (P = 0.002), but had lower QOL in psychological (P = 0.009) domain compared to their counterparts living in the low altitude area. For older adults living in the high altitude area, smoking status was associated with higher social QOL (P = 0.021), good financial status was associated with higher physical QOL (P = 0.035), and fair or good health status was associated with higher physical (p &lt; 0.001) and psychological QOL (P = 0.046), while more severe depressive symptoms were associated with lower QOL.ConclusionAppropriate interventions and support to improve depressive symptoms and both financial and health status should be developed for older adults living in high altitude areas to improve their QOL.
Parental anxiety and depression are associated with adverse mental health in children with special needs during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gruszka Piotr , Ganahl Kristin , Stasch Nicole , Burger Christoph , Haberlandt Edda , Bauer Susanne M. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to restrictions in various areas of life, including social life, work, leisure, health, and education. Vulnerable groups, such as children with special needs and their parents, may be at increased risk of experiencing exacerbated mental health problems during stressful periods such as the COVID-19 lockdowns.Materials and methodsTelephone interviews were conducted with 954 parents of children with special needs. We assessed parental levels of generalized anxiety and depression using the validated GAD-7 and PHQ-8 scales. Parents were asked to rate family burden and their worry about the COVID-19 crisis, as well as their children's adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors. Parents also reported their children's worries about the COVID-19 crisis. We conducted regressions to examine the relationship between parents' mental health problems and their children's adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors. Qualitative data from open-ended questions were coded thematically and major themes of parental worry about the COVID-19 crisis were identified.ResultsParental anxiety and depression symptoms predicted adverse mental health symptoms and behaviors in children with special needs. Criteria for current depression were met by 7.9% of parents of children with special needs, whereas 4.7% of the general population in Vorarlberg met the criteria for current depression according to data from the Austrian Health Interview Survey in 2019. Parental self-ratings of both depression and anxiety were highly correlated. The majority of parents reported being burdened (79.1%) or worried (67.8%) about the COVID-19 crisis. The main themes of parental worry about the COVID-19 crisis included COVID-19 infection (40.6%), economic situation (13.1%), uncertainty (8.4%), lack of social contact with family and friends (8.1%), family health status (7.5%), and school life (7.5%).DiscussionMental health symptoms in parents of children with special needs were strongly associated with increased adverse mental health symptoms and health behaviors in their children. Parents of children with special needs were more likely to be depressed during the COVID-19 pandemic than adults in 2019. We call for additional mental health support to reduce the mental health burden in families with children with special needs.
The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in hospitals: a major challenge for a debilitated healthcare system in Lebanon
Authors: Daaboul Dina , Oueslati Saoussen , Rima Mariam , Kassem Issmat I. , Mallat Hassan , Birer Aurélien , Girlich Delphine , Hamze Monzer , Dabboussi Fouad , Osman Marwan , Naas Thierry 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundCarbapenem- and extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (CR-E and ESCR-E, respectively) are increasingly isolated worldwide. Information about these bacteria is sporadic in Lebanon and generally relies on conventional diagnostic methods, which is detrimental for a country that is struggling with an unprecedented economic crisis and a collapsing public health system. Here, CR-E isolates from different Lebanese hospitals were characterized.Materials and methodsNon-duplicate clinical ESCR-E or CR-E isolates (N = 188) were collected from three hospitals from June 2019 to December 2020. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF, and their antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay. CR-E isolates (n = 33/188) were further analyzed using Illumina-based WGS to identify resistome, MLST, and plasmid types. Additionally, the genetic relatedness of the CR-E isolates was evaluated using an Infrared Biotyper system and compared to WGS.ResultsUsing the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay, only 90 isolates out of the 188 isolates that were collected based on their initial routine susceptibility profile by the three participating hospitals could be confirmed as ESCR-E or CR-E isolates and were included in this study. This collection comprised E. coli (n = 70; 77.8%), K. pneumoniae (n = 13; 14.4%), Enterobacter spp. (n = 6; 6.7%), and Proteus mirabilis (n = 1; 1.1%). While 57 were only ESBL producers the remaining 33 isolates (i.e., 26 E. coli, five K. pneumoniae, one E. cloacae, and one Enterobacter hormaechei) were resistant to at least one carbapenem, of which 20 were also ESBL-producers. Among the 33 CR-E, five different carbapenemase determinants were identified: blaNDM-5 (14/33), blaOXA-244 (10/33), blaOXA-48 (5/33), blaNDM-1 (3/33), and blaOXA-181 (1/33) genes. Notably, 20 CR-E isolates were also ESBL-producers. The analysis of the genetic relatedness revealed a substantial genetic diversity among CR-E isolates, suggesting evolution and transmission from various sources.ConclusionThis study highlighted the emergence and broad dissemination of blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-244 genes in Lebanese clinical settings. The weak AMR awareness in the Lebanese community and the ongoing economic and healthcare challenges have spurred self-medication practices. Our findings highlight an urgent need for transformative approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance in both community and hospital settings.
The Association Between Tobacco Use and Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Clinical Outcomes in Sweden: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Shaaban A. N. , Andersson F. , Peña S. , Caspersen I. H. , Magnusson C. , Orsini N. , Karvonen S. , Magnus P. , Hergens M. P. , Galanti M. R. 
Published: November 2023

Background: The association between tobacco use and COVID-19 is controversial. During the early course of the pandemic, limited testing prevented studying a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations.Objective: To examine the potential causal association between tobacco use and COVID-19 during the second wave (1 October 2020–30 June 2021) of the pandemic in Stockholm, Sweden.Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted in the Stockholm region of Sweden, with information on tobacco use collected prior to the pandemic. Adjusted relative risks (RR) of COVID-19 and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, contrasting current smokers and snus users to non-users of tobacco.Results: Compared with non-users of tobacco, current smokers had a lower risk of COVID-19 (RR 0.78, 95% CI = 0.75–0.81) and of hospitalisation for the disease. Current snus users had a higher risk of COVID-19. Heavy smokers and snus users had longer hospital stays than non-users of tobacco.Conclusion: Tobacco use may have a different impact on the risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the risk of developing severe clinical manifestations. Further research is needed to determine the underlying mechanisms.
Correlating traditional image quality metrics and DNN-based object detection: a case study with compressed camera data
Authors: Gummadi Daniel , Chan Pak Hung , Wang Hetian , Donzella Valentina 
Published: November 2023

<p> Assisted and automated driving (AAD) systems heavily rely on data collected from perception sensors, such as cameras. While prior research has explored the quality of camera data via traditional and well-established image quality assessment (IQA) metrics (e.g. PSNR, SSIM, BRISQUE) or have considered when noisy/degraded data affects perception algorithms (e.g. deep neural network (DNN) based object detection), there are no works that approach the holistic relationship between IQA and DNN performance. This work proposes that traditional IQA metrics, designed to evaluate digital image quality according to human visual perception, can help to predict the sensor data degradation level that perception algorithms can tolerate before performance deterioration occurs. Consequently, a correlation analysis was conducted between 17 selected IQA metrics (with and without reference) and DNN average precision. The evaluated data was increasingly compressed to generate degradation and artefacts. Notably, the experimental results show that several IQA metrics had a strong positive correlation (exceeding correlation scores of 0.7) with average precision, with IW-SSIM and DSS having very high correlation (> 0.9). Interestingly, the results show that re-training BRISQUE on compressed data causes an exceptionally high positive correlation (> 0.97), making it very suitable for predicting the performance of DNN object detectors. By effectively relating traditional image quality metrics to DNN performance, this research offers a series of significant tools to understand and predict perception degradation based on the quality of data, thus resulting in a significant impact on the development of automated driving systems. </p>
Subjective Bayesian Network-based Interdependent Mission Impact Assessment with Game-Theoretic Attack-Defense Interactions
Authors: Yoon Han Jun , Thukkaraju Ashrith Reddy , Matsumoto Shou , Ferrari Jair Feldens , Lee Dongwhan , Ahn Myung Kil , Costa Paulo , Cho Jin-Hee 
Published: November 2023

<p>An accurate assessment of a mission system's performance, called Mission Impact Assessment (MIA), can effectively identify and counteract any issues in the current system to avoid potential risks or vulnerabilities that may cause mission failure. Although the importance of MIA research has been recognized to mitigate the system's potential risk for more than a decade, little research has shown a comprehensive MIA framework with experimental validation showing the inference performance of the MIA tools under realistic attack-defense interactions. To fill this gap, we propose an interdependent mission impact assessment (MIA), called iMIA, that can adequately capture the inter-relationships of the key components in a mission system and environment and accurately infer a mission outcome (i.e., success or failure) under uncertainty. In the proposed iMIA, we first consider Subjective Bayesian Networks to evaluate how successfully a given system introduces impacts on mission success under uncertainty due to a lack of evidence. In addition, we consider strategic attack-defense interactions based on a hypergame theory in which the attacker and defender can take actions under their perceived uncertainty. Our extensive experiments showed the outperformance of our proposed MIA up to 70% and 25% over the performance of the baseline and the state-of-the-art Bayesian Network-based counterparts, respectively, in terms of inference accuracy in mission performance (e.g., mission outcomes, such as mission success or failure). We also provide in-depth sensitivity analyses to identify the key system components that should be considered more carefully to avoid mission failure.</p>
Subjective Bayesian Network-based Interdependent Mission Impact Assessment with Game-Theoretic Attack-Defense Interactions
Authors: Yoon Han Jun 
Published: November 2023

<p>An accurate assessment of a mission system's performance, called Mission Impact Assessment (MIA), can effectively identify and counteract any issues in the current system to avoid potential risks or vulnerabilities that may cause mission failure. Although the importance of MIA research has been recognized to mitigate the system's potential risk for more than a decade, little research has shown a comprehensive MIA framework with experimental validation showing the inference performance of the MIA tools under realistic attack-defense interactions. To fill this gap, we propose an interdependent mission impact assessment (MIA), called iMIA, that can adequately capture the inter-relationships of the key components in a mission system and environment and accurately infer a mission outcome (i.e., success or failure) under uncertainty. In the proposed iMIA, we first consider Subjective Bayesian Networks to evaluate how successfully a given system introduces impacts on mission success under uncertainty due to a lack of evidence. In addition, we consider strategic attack-defense interactions based on a hypergame theory in which the attacker and defender can take actions under their perceived uncertainty. Our extensive experiments showed the outperformance of our proposed MIA up to 70% and 25% over the performance of the baseline and the state-of-the-art Bayesian Network-based counterparts, respectively, in terms of inference accuracy in mission performance (e.g., mission outcomes, such as mission success or failure). We also provide in-depth sensitivity analyses to identify the key system components that should be considered more carefully to avoid mission failure.</p>
Indonesian Javanese Cosmology and its Transformation in Social Tradition and Built Environment
Authors: Surjono Surjono , Antariksa  , Titisari Ema Yunita 
Published: November 2023

The research focuses on how the teaching of different faiths was blended into Javanese-Nusantara culture and has created a culture with a peaceful and moderate Islamic image that is different from radical Islam which has generated Is-lamic phobias in many countries. This research examines how Javanese cosmology (syncretism of Hindu - Buddha - Islam) had been translated in social space and built-environment. The second is to describe how the system in Java successfully harmonized different faiths into Javanese culture. This study was a purposeful qualitative study that focused on traditional communities and two prominent existing Kingdoms of Surakarta and Yogyakarta in Java. Observation, in-depth interviews, and reviews on literature and documents of classical authors in Islamic Sufism were conducted to collect and compile data. The results show that the cultural process of Javanese prefers similarities rather than emphasizing differences between faiths. Converting faith from Hindu or Buddha to Islam did not necessarily cause conflicts and hostilities. The study underlined that the Javanese’s understanding of cosmology at the micro and macro level, orientation or qiblah, and spiritual axis found similar mystical knowledge between Islam and the pre-Islam (Hindu-Buddha). This syncretism process created Kejawen culture and moderate Islam in Nusantara. Islam Nusantara is recently used as a paradigm by the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia
Penetapan kadar fenolik total ekstrak kayu raru (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) berdasarkan perbedaan konsentrasi etanol dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Afni Lastri , Daulay Anny Sartika , Ridwanto Ridwanto , Rahayu Yayuk Putri 
Published: November 2023

Banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang menggunakan atau memanfaat kan tumbuhan sebagai obat tradisional, salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat yang banyak adalah kulit kayu raru (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional dalam berbagai penyakit seperti diare, malaria dan diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui golongan senyawa apa saja yang terdapat pada ekstrak kulit kayu raru dan untuk mengetahui nilai kadar fenolik total yang terkandung dalam ekstrak kulit kayu raru dalam berbagai konsentrasi (96%, 70%, 50%).Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi pengolahan bahan tumbuhan, pembuatan ekstrak etanol kulit kayu raru, pemeriksaan karakterisasi, skrinning fitokimia dan penetapan kadar fenolik total ekstrak kulit kayu raru berdasarkan perbedaan konsentrasi etanol dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit kayu raru mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tannin, saponin, steroid, fenolik. Penentuan kadar fenolik total dengan menentukan panjang gelombang maksimum asam galat dan perhitungan kadar fenolik total dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil penentuan kadar fenolik total ekstrak etanol kulit kayu raru pada konsentrasi 96%; 28,6544±0,1548 mgGAE/g, 70%; 23,9682±0,1270 mgGAE/g, 50%; 20,5825±0,1993 mgGAE/g,maka kadar fenolik yang paling baik menghasilkan kadar fenolik total yaitu ekstrak etanol kulit kayu raru (Cotylelobium lanceolatum Craib) konsentrasi 96%.