bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research promotion strategies to enhance research productivity in Tanzanian higher educational institutions
Authors: Kadikilo Abel Charles , Kulshrestha Reeti , Sahay Arunaditya , Nayak Parameswar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere are low levels of research productivity among higher education institutions (HEIs) in Africa, which will likely compromise the continent's development agenda if not addressed. This study intends to develop a research framework to create a strategic roadmap that leverages leadership perspectives to foster a thriving research culture and contribute meaningfully to Tanzania's growth and development. We conducted a qualitative study involving higher education policy makers, senior university officials and academic staff from four sampled universities and two non‐university institutions that regulate Tanzania's higher education sector. The secondary data sources supported us in assessing the current state of research in Tanzanian HEI and the way forward. A thematic analysis revealed seven themes: research governance; capacity development strategy; reinforcement strategy; collaboration, networking and teamwork; establishment of research centres; dissemination strategy; and institutionalisation of research activities that can increase research productivity in the Tanzanian HEI context. This research adds to the literature on HEIs by identifying contextual strategy that can enhance research promotion in Tanzania and guide other African countries. In today's global information economy, research production is critical to the viability of HEIs and national development. This research aims to equip HEI leaders with a customised framework to help them direct their institutions towards research excellence and innovation.Context and implicationsRationale for this studyTanzania recognises the pivotal role of research in achieving socioeconomic objectives. The research productivity of higher education institutions (HEIs) is crucial in addressing local issues and fulfilling national agenda.Why the new findings matterThe findings reveal novel strategies for promoting research and how institutionalising them will enhance research engagement and productivity.ImplicationsThe research framework acts as a strategic guide for HEI policy makers that informs on how to encourage faculty and scholars and generate a better research output. The study shows how HEIs can institutionalise research, making it a part of its culture and mindset. The study has implications for the authorities and government bodies also, as the research productivity has a socio‐economic impact on national development.
Gender differences in special educational needs identification
Authors: Daniel Johny , Wang Hsin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate gender differences in the identification for special educational needs services within the context of England. Gender disparities in disability identification have long been of concern, impacting tailored support and opportunities for female students. By utilising population‐level data, we seek to ascertain the presence and extent of these gender differences, aligning our findings with existing literature and addressing gaps in knowledge about sex ratio differences in several disability categories. We conducted descriptive analyses of publicly accessible UK government datasets. In our study, we examine how gender differences have evolved over time, and vary across regions, disability types and educational phases (i.e., nursery, primary or secondary). Our observation of the data suggests persistent under‐identification of females compared to males across time, disability categories, across different regions and educational phases.
Single‐Atom Ru Alloyed with Ni Nanoparticles Boosts CO2 Methanation
Authors: Zhang Tengfei , Zheng Peng , Gao Jiajian , Han Zhennan , Gu Fangna , Xu Wenqing , Li Lina , Zhu Tingyu , Zhong Ziyi , Xu Guangwen , Su Fabing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDesigning catalysts to proceed with catalytic reactions along the desired reaction pathways, e.g., CO2 methanation, has received much attention but remains a huge challenge. This work reports one Ru1Ni single‐atom alloy (SAA) catalyst (Ru1Ni/SiO2) prepared via a galvanic replacement reaction between RuCl3 and Ni nanoparticles (NPs) derived from the reduction of Ni phyllosilicate (Ni‐ph). Ru1Ni/SiO2 achieved much improved selectivity toward hydrogenation of CO2 to CH4 and catalytic activity (Turnover frequency (TOF) value: 40.00 × 10−3 s−1), much higher than those of Ni/SiO2 (TOF value: 4.40 × 10−3 s−1) and most reported Ni‐based catalysts (TOF value: 1.03 × 10−3–11.00 × 10−3 s−1). Experimental studies verify that Ru single atoms are anchored onto the Ni NPs surface via the Ru1–Ni coordination accompanied by electron transfer from Ru1 to Ni. Both in situ experiments and theoretical calculations confirm that the interface sites of Ru1Ni‐SAA are the intrinsic active sites, which promote the direct dissociation of CO2 and lower the energy barrier for the hydrogenation of CO* intermediate, thereby directing and enhancing the CO2 hydrogenation to CH4.
Lateral torsional buckling of I‐section simply supported beams with stepped height
Authors: Trinh Duy Khanh , Nguyen Dinh Hoa , Bui Hung Cuong , Nguyen Minh Tuyen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVariable cross‐section beams are widely used, especially I‐section stepped beams with variable height, which have benefits such as saving materials to match the moment diagrams, reducing the structure height, and access for technical services. However, lowering the beam height also leads to a significant decrease in lateral torsional buckling resistance. Currently, the standards do not provide calculation rules for this type of beam yet, and some studies on lateral torsional buckling of beams have only focused on those with varying flange width and thickness while keeping the beam height constant. This article introduces an approximate formula to determine the critical moment of simply supported I‐section beams when the height varies. The proposed formula is validated by comparing with finite element simulation results obtained by COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6. The evaluation shows that the formula has a low coefficient of variation and high coefficient of determination, ensuring its reliability.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumour and its systemic effects in a dog
Authors: de Souza Kássia Maria , de Dória Phillipe Bauer de Araújo , de Leme Vinicius de Souza , de Moraes Renata Mourão , Degani Viviane Alexandre Nunes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumours are mesenchymal‐origin tumours previously misclassified as leiomyosarcomas in dogs. They are uncommon in dogs; however, their prevalence may have been underestimated. The systemic effects of gastrointestinal stromal tumours in dogs need to be better understood. This case report describes the systemic complications and treatment of a dog with paraneoplastic hypoglycaemia and transient hyperglycaemia caused by gastrointestinal stromal tumours.
Wheat Sequencing: The Pan-Genome and Opportunities for Accelerating Breeding
Authors: N’Diaye Amidou , Walkowiak Sean , Pozniak Curtis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWheat is a crucial crop globally, with widespread cultivation and significant economic importance. To ensure food security amidst the increasing human population and new production challenges, such as climate change, it is imperative to develop novel wheat varieties that exhibit better quality, higher yield, and enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. To achieve this, leveraging comprehensive genomic resources from global breeding programs can aid in identifying within-species allelic diversity and selecting optimal allele combinations for superior cultivars. While previous single-reference genome assemblies have facilitated gene discovery and whole-genome level genotype–phenotype relationship modeling, recent research on variations within the pan-genome of all individuals in a plant species underscores their significance for crop breeding. We summarize the different approaches and techniques used for sequencing the large and intricate wheat genome, while highlighting the challenge of generating high-quality reference assemblies. We discuss the computational methods for building the pan-genome and research efforts that are aimed at utilizing the wheat pan-genome in wheat breeding programs.
The Information Disorder Level (IDL) Index: A Human-Based Metric to Assess the Factuality of Machine-Generated Content
Authors: Dierickx Laurence , Lindén Carl-Gustav , Opdahl Andreas L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLarge language models have enabled the rapid production of misleading or fake narratives, presenting a challenge for direct detection methods. Considering that generative artificial intelligence tools are likely to be used either to inform or to disinform, evaluating the (non)human nature of machine-generated content is questioned, especially regarding the ‘hallucination’ phenomenon, which relates to generated content that does not correspond to real-world input. In this study, we argue that assessing machine-generated content is most reliable when done by humans because doing so involves critical consideration of the meaning of the information and its informative, misinformative or disinformative value, which is related to the accuracy and reliability of the news. To explore human-based judgement methods, we developed the Information Disorder Level (IDL) index, a language-independent metric to evaluate the factuality of machine-generated content. It has been tested on a corpus of forty made-up and actual news stories generated with ChatGPT. For newsrooms using generative AI, results suggest that every piece of machine-generated content should be vetted and post-edited by humans before being published. From a digital media literacy perspective, the IDL index is a valuable tool to understand the limits of generative AI and trigger a reflection on what constitutes the factuality of a reported event.
Black hole perturbation theory and multiple polylogarithms
Authors: Aminov Gleb , Arnaudo Paolo , Bonelli Giulio , Grassi Alba , Tanzini Alessandro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study black hole linear perturbation theory in a four-dimensional Schwarzschild (anti) de Sitter background. When dealing with a positive cosmological constant, the corresponding spectral problem is solved systematically via the Nekrasov-Shatashvili functions or, equivalently, classical Virasoro conformal blocks. However, this approach can be more complicated to implement for certain perturbations if the cosmological constant is negative. For these cases, we propose an alternative method to set up perturbation theory for both small and large black holes in an analytical manner. Our analysis reveals a new underlying recursive structure that involves multiple polylogarithms. We focus on gravitational, electromagnetic, and conformally coupled scalar perturbations subject to Dirichlet and Robin boundary conditions. The low-lying modes of the scalar sector of gravitational perturbations and its hydrodynamic limit are studied in detail.
Pilotprojekt zum „Praktikum der Berufsfelderkundung“ im Zahnmedizinstudium mit Fokus auf den Erwerb kommunikativer Kompetenzen
Authors: Grote Uta , Wenz Hans-Jürgen , Gutman Ariel-Salomon , Hertrampf Katrin 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die neue zahnärztliche Approbationsordnung sieht ein Berufsfeldpraktikum vor, um den Studierenden einen ersten umfassenden Einblick in ihr späteres Berufsfeld zu geben. Verortung, Umsetzung und Bewertung sind nicht festgelegt und können innerhalb der universitären Zahnmedizin oder in Kooperation mit zahnärztlichen Praxen erfolgen. Die Kieler Zahnklinik entschied, ein Konzept für eine 2‑wöchige Lehrveranstaltung, inklusive Praktikum, in niedergelassenen Praxen zu entwickeln und dabei Aspekte der ärztlichen Gesprächsführung verstärkt zu berücksichtigen. Auf Basis einer theoretischen Einführung und eines E‑Learning-Moduls soll dies der Einstieg in ein longitudinales Kommunikationscurriculum sein. Im Sommersemester 2021 wurde ein Pilotprojekt mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, die erforderliche Infrastruktur und inhaltliche Ausgestaltung der Veranstaltung zu entwickeln und mit Lehrinhalten zu kommunikativen Kompetenzen zu verknüpfen.

Methoden
Es wurde eine kontrollierte Interventionsstudie (ein Messzeitpunkt) mit 21 Studierenden des 4. Semesters (2 Gruppen mit und ohne E‑Learning-Modul) sowie 20 zahnärztlichen Praxen durchgeführt. Die Studierenden erhielten vor dem einwöchigen Praktikum Dokumente zur Organisation, zum Ablauf und zur Dokumentation verschiedener Gesprächssituationen. Studierende und Praxen wurden nach Praktikumsende umfassend evaluiert.

Ergebnisse
Studierende und Praxen waren mit der Organisation, den zur Verfügung gestellten Dokumenten und mit dem Ablauf zufrieden. Das E‑Learning-Modul wurde positiv aufgenommen. Das Format des Praktikumsberichts erwies sich als nicht praktikabel und wurde adaptiert.

Diskussion
Die Projektziele konnten mit Erfolg erreicht werden. Die Ergebnisse fließen in die konkrete Gestaltung und Umsetzung der neuen curricularen Veranstaltung ab dem Sommersemester 2022 ein.
Reconstruction of the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament using allograft for subtalar joint stabilization is effective
Authors: Iglesias‐Durán Elvira , Guerra‐Pinto Francisco , Ojeda‐Thies Cristina , Vilá‐Rico Jesús 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the biomechanical effects of subtalar ligament injury and reconstruction on stability of the subtalar joint in all three spatial planes.MethodsFifteen fresh frozen cadaveric legs were used, with transfixed tibiotalar joints to isolate motion to the subtalar joint. An arthrometer fixed to the lateral aspect of the calcaneus measured angular displacement in all three spatial planes on the inversion and eversion stress tests. Stress manoeuvres were tested with the intact joint, and then repeated after sequentially sectioning the inferior extensor retinaculum (IER), cervical ligament (CL), interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL), arthroscopic graft reconstruction of the ITCL, and sectioning of the calcaneo‐fibular ligament (CFL).ResultsSectioning the ITCL significantly increased angular displacement upon inversion and eversion in the coronal and sagittal planes. Reconstruction of the ITCL significantly improved angular stability against eversion in the axial and sagittal planes, and against inversion in the axial and coronal planes, at the zero time point after reconstruction. After sectioning the CFL, resistance to eversion decreased significantly in all three planes.ConclusionProgressive injury of ligamentous stabilisers, particularly the ITCL, led to increasing angular displacement of the subtalar joint measured with the inversion and eversion stress tests, used in clinical practice. Reconstruction of the ITCL using tendon graft significantly stabilised the subtalar joint in the axial and sagittal planes against eversion and in the axial and coronal planes against inversion, immediately after surgery.
Caspase-3/GSDME dependent pyroptosis contributes to offspring lung injury induced by gestational PFOS exposure via PERK/ATF4 signaling
Authors: Li Cong , Zhang Huishan , Mo Jiali , Zuo Jingye , Ye Leping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is widely used in industry and consumer products. Previous studies have showed that PFOS gestational exposure is associated with offspring lung damage in rat. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of gasdermin E (GSDME) in lung injury of offspring and its underlying mechanisms using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Pregnant SD rats were exposed to PFOS (1 mg/kg BW/d) between gestational day 12–18, and the lung tissue of the offspring was evaluated on postnatal day 7. PFOS treated animals exhibited alveolar septal thickening and inflammation-related damages, with an increased expression of GSDME in alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII). Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PFOS exposure (with 225 μM and up) upregulated the caspase-3/GSDME signaling pathway in AECII. Also, ultrastructure analysis revealed significant changes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure in PFOS-induced pyroptotic cells, which is consistent with the ER stress detected in these cells. Additionally, PFOS exposure led to increased expression of ER stress-related proteins, including p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP. Subsequently, using specific inhibitors, we found that the PERK/ATF4 pathway acted as an upstream signal regulating GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Overall, our findings show that GSDME-dependent pyroptosis plays a crucial role in the lung injury induced by gestational PFOS exposure, and the PERK/ATF4 pathway may function as a possible mediator of this process.
Structural modifications toward improved lead-203/lead-212 peptide-based image-guided alpha-particle radiopharmaceutical therapies for neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Lee Dongyoul , Li Mengshi , Liu Dijie , Baumhover Nicholas J. , Sagastume Edwin A. , Marks Brenna M. , Rastogi Prerna , Pigge F. Christopher , Menda Yusuf , Johnson Frances L. , Schultz Michael K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The lead-203 (203Pb)/lead-212 (212Pb) elementally identical radionuclide pair has gained significant interest in the field of image-guided targeted alpha-particle therapy for cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that 212Pb-labeled peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals targeting somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) may provide improved effectiveness compared to beta-particle-based therapies for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). This study aims to improve the performance of SSTR2-targeted radionuclide imaging and therapy through structural modifications to Tyr3-octreotide (TOC)-based radiopharmaceuticals.

Methods
New SSTR2-targeted peptides were designed and synthesized with the goal of optimizing the incorporation of Pb isotopes through the use of a modified cyclization technique; the introduction of a Pb-specific chelator (PSC); and the insertion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) linkers. The binding affinity of the peptides and the cellular uptake of 203Pb-labeled peptides were evaluated using pancreatic AR42J (SSTR2+) tumor cells and the biodistribution and imaging of the 203Pb-labeled peptides were assessed in an AR42J tumor xenograft mouse model. A lead peptide was identified (i.e., PSC-PEG2-TOC), which was then further evaluated for efficacy in 212Pb therapy studies.

Results
The lead radiopeptide drug conjugate (RPDC) — [203Pb]Pb-PSC-PEG2-TOC — significantly improved the tumor-targeting properties, including receptor binding and tumor accumulation and retention as compared to [203Pb]Pb-DOTA0-Tyr3-octreotide (DOTATOC). Additionally, the modified RPDC exhibited faster renal clearance than the DOTATOC counterpart. These advantageous characteristics of [212Pb]Pb-PSC-PEG2-TOC resulted in a dose-dependent therapeutic effect with minimal signs of toxicity in the AR42J xenograft model. Fractionated administrations of 3.7 MBq [212Pb]Pb-PSC-PEG2-TOC over three doses further improved anti-tumor effectiveness, resulting in 80% survival (70% complete response) over 120 days in the mouse model.

Conclusion
Structural modifications to chelator and linker compositions improved tumor targeting and pharmacokinetics (PK) of 203/212Pb peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals for NET theranostics. These findings suggest that PSC-PEG2-TOC is a promising candidate for Pb-based targeted radionuclide therapy for NETs and other types of cancers that express SSTR2.
Targeting mitochondrial shape: at the heart of cardioprotection
Authors: Hernandez-Resendiz Sauri , Prakash Aishwarya , Loo Sze Jie , Semenzato Martina , Chinda Kroekkiat , Crespo-Avilan Gustavo E. , Dam Linh Chi , Lu Shengjie , Scorrano Luca , Hausenloy Derek J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere remains an unmet need to identify novel therapeutic strategies capable of protecting the myocardium against the detrimental effects of acute ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), to reduce myocardial infarct (MI) size and prevent the onset of heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this regard, perturbations in mitochondrial morphology with an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and fission can disrupt mitochondrial metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species production, factors which are all known to be critical determinants of cardiomyocyte death following acute myocardial IRI. As such, therapeutic approaches directed at preserving the morphology and functionality of mitochondria may provide an important strategy for cardioprotection. In this article, we provide an overview of the alterations in mitochondrial morphology which occur in response to acute myocardial IRI, and highlight the emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondrial shape to preserve mitochondrial function which have the future therapeutic potential to improve health outcomes in patients presenting with AMI.
Advanced bipolar vessel sealing devices vs conventional bipolar energy in minimally invasive hysterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zorzato Pier Carlo , Ferrari Filippo Alberto , Garzon Simone , Franchi Massimo , Cianci Stefano , Laganà Antonio Simone , Chiantera Vito , Casarin Jvan , Ghezzi Fabio , Uccella Stefano 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare conventional bipolar electrosurgery with advanced bipolar vessel sealing (ABVS) devices for total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH).

Methods
A systematic review was conducted by searching Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library from January 1989 to November 2021. We identified all studies comparing ABVS devices with conventional bipolar electrosurgery in TLH and reporting at least one of the following outcomes: total blood loss, total operative time, hospital stay, perioperative complications, or costs. Meta-analysis was conducted with a random effect model reporting pooled mean differences and odds ratios (ORs) with related 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Two randomized controlled trials and two retrospective studies encompassing 314 patients were included out of 615 manuscripts. The pooled estimated total blood loss in the ABVS devices group was lower than conventional bipolar electrosurgery of 39 mL (95% CI − 65.8 to − 12.6 mL; p = .004). The use of ABVS devices significantly reduced the total operative time by 8 min (95% CI − 16.7 to − 0.8 min; p = .033). Hospital stay length did not differ between the two groups, and a comparable overall surgical complication rate was observed [OR of 0.9 (95% CI 0.256 – 3.200; p = .878].

Conclusions
High-quality evidence comparing ABVS devices with conventional bipolar electrosurgery for TLH is lacking. ABVS devices were associated with reduced total blood loss and operative time; however, observed differences seem clinically irrelevant. Further research is required to clarify the advantages of ABVS devices over conventional bipolar electrosurgery and to identify cases that may benefit more from their use.