bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of major liver resection, with or without recombinant bactericidal/permeability‐increasing protein (rBPI21), on the angiogenic profile of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Wu Francis P.K. , Boelens Petra G. , van Leeuwen Paul A.M. , Hoekman Klaas , Hansma Annemarie H.G. , Wiezer Marinus J. , Meijer Catharina , Meijer Sybren , Scotté Michel , Cuesta Miguel A. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackgroundSurgery induces a process of wound healing, which has immunological and angiogenic aspects. Bactericidal/permeability‐increasing protein (BPI) is found in azurophilic granules of human neutrophils, which is bactericidal and neutralizes lipo‐polysaccharide (LPS). This may reduce postoperative infectious complications. In addition, BPI has been shown to be an inhibitor of angiogenesis.MethodsA total of 18 patients with metastasized colorectal carcinoma to the liver were double blind randomized. The levels of the pro‐angiogenic factors interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin were investigated after liver surgery with perioperative administration of either rBPI21 or placebo.ResultsThe highest IL‐6 levels were found during the first 24 hr and reached peak levels already at 2 hr postoperatively in both groups. In both groups VEGF levels decreased sharply in the postoperative hours, returning to baseline levels in the days afterwards. In both groups, an immediate decrease in endostatin levels was observed which remained significantly low. RBPI21 transiently influenced IL‐6 and VEGF.ConclusionsRBPI21 only marginally affected IL‐6 and VEGF levels. Surgery per se induced an immediate immune response (IL‐6) and an immediate angiogenic response, reflected in an initial VEGF decrease and a longer lasting decrease of endostatin. These findings demonstrate the dynamics of tissue responses in the first phase of wound healing. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;84:137–142. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of lymph node retrieval and pathological ultra‐staging on the prognosis of stage II colon cancer
Authors: Law Calvin H.L. , Wright Frances C. , Rapanos Theodore , Alzahrani Mohamed , Hanna Sherif S. , Khalifa Mahmoud , Smith Andrew J. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA minimum number of lymph nodes must be assessed for accurate diagnosis of stage II colon cancer. We assessed number of lymph nodes retrieved, pathological ultra‐staging, and outcome in stage II colon cancer.Materials and MethodsConsecutively treated patients with stage II colon cancer were identified. Baseline and outcome data were collected. Retrospective ultra‐staging using lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and nodal micrometastases was performed. Patients were divided into two groups: group I had ≤6 nodes and group II had >6 nodes retrieved. Survival was analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen patients were included in the study. The 5 year overall survival was worse in group I versus II (P = 0.03). LVI and micrometastases were identified but neither predicted survival. Disease failure in group I was due to distant metastases rather than local recurrence.ConclusionsInadequate retrieval and assessment of lymph nodes is associated with worse outcome in stage II colon cancer patients. Recurrence patterns support the hypothesis that disease recurrence occurred due to inaccurate staging. In this small study, LVI or nodal micrometastases did not predict survival. Maximal attention should be paid to the total number of lymph nodes retrieved before embarking on potentially more resource intensive staging methods. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;84:120–126. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of 99mTc labeled chimeric Fab fragments of monoclonal antibody A7 for immunoscintigraphy of pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: Otsuji Eigo , Matsumura Hiroomi , Okamoto Kazuma , Toma Atsushi , Kuriu Yoshiaki , Ichikawa Daisuke , Hagiwara Akeo , Yamagishi Hisakazu 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackgroundOne of the reasons for the poor prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma is the difficulty of obtaining an early diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. One possibility is the application of radioimmunoscintigraphy using radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (Mabs).MethodsWe labeled chimeric (human/mouse) Fab fragments of Mab A7 (chA7Fab) with 99mTc and examined the distribution of 99mTc‐labeled chA7Fab in nude mice bearing human pancreatic carcinoma.ResultsThe tumor accumulation of 99mTc‐labeled chA7Fab was larger than that of 99mTc‐labeled A7 from 2 to 6 hr after injection. 99mTc‐labeled chA7Fab disappeared from blood more rapidly than 99mTc‐labeled A7. For all resected normal tissues except kidney, the accumulation of 99mTc‐labeled chA7Fab was low and similar to that of 99mTc‐labeled A7.ConclusionsBecause the half‐life of 99mTc is short (6 hr), chA7Fab, which accumulates rapidly in tumors, may be a better carrier of 99mTc than intact Mab A7. J. Surg. Oncol. 2003;84:160–165. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinetics and mechanism of promoted hydrolysis of 4‐nitrophenyl acetate by zinc(II)‐tripod: Different roles of mononuclear and trinuclear species
Authors: Guo Yan‐He , Ge Qing‐Chun , Lin Hai , Lin Hua‐Kuan , Zhu Shou‐Rong 
Published: November 2003

AbstractCoordination studies on Zn(II) complexes of 1,3,5‐tri(2,5‐diazahexyl)benzene (L) show that by comparison with the non‐deprotonation of complex ZnL in a 1:1 system, the three‐dimensional complexiaton decreases the pKa of the Zn‐bound water molecule, that is, pKa = 7.47 for trinulclear complex Zn3L in a 3:1 metal–ligand ratio. These two types of zinc(II) complexes have been examined as catalysts for the hydrolysis of 4‐nitrophenyl acetate (NA) in 10% (v/v) CH3CN at 298 K, I = 0.10 mol dm−3 KNO3 at pH range 6.5–8.2 and 8.5–10, respectively. Kinetic studies show that the second‐order rate constants of NA‐hydrolysis catalyzed by complexes ZnL, Zn3L, and Zn3LH−1 are 0.021, 0.0082, and 0.342 mol−1 dm3 s−1, respectively. In all the cases, the pH‐dependent observed first‐order rate constant, kobs, shows sigmoidal pH–rate profile. The 1:1 complex ZnL–H2O undergoes NA hydrolysis by direct rate‐determining hydrolysis to produce 4‐nitrophenol(ate) (NP−) and ZnL(OOCCH3); while in the 3:1 system the oxygen atom of acetic group forms a H‐bond with the Zn(II)‐bound water of the second branch of tripod indicating that the polynuclear centers are associated and bi‐functional. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 36: 41–48 2004
Microtubules and growth cone function
Authors: Gordon‐Weeks Phillip R. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIt has been recognized for a long time that the neuronal cytoskeleton plays an important part in neurite growth and growth cone pathfinding, the mechanism by which growing axons find an appropriate route through the developing embryo to their target cells. In the growth cone, many intracellular signaling pathways that are activated by guidance cues converge on the growth cone cytoskeleton and regulate its dynamics. Most of the research effort in this area has focussed on the actin, microfilament cytoskeleton of the growth cone, principally because it underlies growth cone motility, the extension and retraction of filopodia and lamellipodia, and these structures are the first to encounter guidance cues during growth cone advance. However, more recently, it has become apparent that the microtubule cytoskeleton also has a role in growth cone pathfinding and is also regulated by guidance cues operating through intracellular signaling pathways via engagement with cell membrane receptors. Furthermore, recent work has revealed an interaction between these two components of the growth cone cytoskeleton that is probably essential for growth cone turning, a fundamental growth cone behavior during pathfinding. In this short review I discuss recent experiments that uncover the function of microtubules in growth cones, how their behavior is regulated, and how they interact with the actin filaments. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 70–83, 2004
Regulation of the neuronal actin cytoskeleton by ADF/cofilin
Authors: Sarmiere Patrick D. , Bamburg James R. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractActin and microtubules are major cytoskeletal elements of most cells including neurons. In order for a cell to move and change shape, its cytoskeleton must undergo rearrangements that involve breaking down and reforming filaments. Many recent reviews have focused on the signaling pathways emanating from receptors that ultimately affect axon growth and growth cone steering. This particular review will address changes in the actin cytoskeleton modulated by the family of actin dynamizing proteins known as actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin or AC proteins. Though much is known about inactivation of AC proteins through phosphorylation at ser3 by LIM or TES kinases, new mechanisms of regulation of AC have recently emerged. A novel phosphatase, slingshot (SSH), and the 14‐3‐3 family of regulatory proteins have also been found to affect AC activity. The potential role of AC proteins in modulating the actin organizational changes that accompany neurite initiation, axonogenesis, growth cone guidance, and dendritic spine formation will be discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 103–117, 2004
Role of CRMP‐2 in neuronal polarity
Authors: Arimura Nariko , Menager Celine , Fukata Yuko , Kaibuchi Kozo 
Published: October 2003

AbstractOf the several types of polarized cells, the neuron is one of the most dramatic examples. It extends two distinctive processes, axon and dendrite. Polarization in neurons enables the two processes to play their functionally different roles, sending and receiving electrical signals in a vectorial fashion. While a catalog of structural, molecular, and functional differences between axon and dendrite is accumulating, the mechanisms involved in establishment of neuronal polarity are not well understood. Neuronal polarity formation begins with the elongation of one process as an axon in a symmetric cell phase. In this review, we describe recent advances in the understanding of several cellular events in the early development of axon and dendrite. We also discuss the involvement of the Rho family small GTPases, their upstream and downstream molecules, and collapsin response mediator protein‐2 (CRMP‐2) in the regulation of neuronal polarity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 34–47, 2004
Role of the microtubule destabilizing proteins SCG10 and stathmin in neuronal growth
Authors: Grenningloh Gabriele , Soehrman Sophia , Bondallaz Percy , Ruchti Evelyne , Cadas Hugues 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe related proteins SCG10 and stathmin are highly expressed in the developing nervous system. Recently it was discovered that they are potent microtubule destabilizing factors. While stathmin is expressed in a variety of cell types and shows a cytosolic distribution, SCG10 is neuron‐specific and membrane‐associated. It contains an N‐terminal targeting sequence that mediates its transport to the growing tips of axons and dendrites. SCG10 accumulates in the central domain of the growth cone, a region that also contains highly dynamic microtubules. These dynamic microtubules are known to be important for growth cone advance and responses to guidance cues. Because overexpression of SCG10 strongly enhances neurite outgrowth, SCG10 appears to be an important factor for the dynamic assembly and disassembly of growth cone microtubules during axonal elongation. Phosphorylation negatively regulates the microtubule destabilizing activity of SCG10 and stathmin, suggesting that these proteins may link extracellular signals to the rearrangement of the neuronal cytoskeleton. A role for these proteins in axonal elongation is also supported by their growth‐associated expression pattern in nervous system development as well as during neuronal regeneration. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 60–69, 2004
Slow axonal transport and the genesis of neuronal morphology
Authors: Baas Peter W. , Buster Daniel W. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe classic view of slow axonal transport maintains that microtubules, neurofilaments, and actin filaments move down the axon relatively coherently at rates significantly slower than those characteristic of known motor proteins. Recent studies indicate that the movement of these cytoskeletal polymers is actually rapid, asynchronous, intermittent, and most probably fueled by familiar motors such as kinesins, myosins, and cytoplasmic dynein. This new view, which is supported by both live‐cell imaging and mechanistic analyses, suggests that slow axonal transport is both rapid and plastic, and hence could underlie transformations in neuronal morphology. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 3–17, 2004
Microtubule‐associated protein 1B function during normal development, regeneration, and pathological conditions in the nervous system
Authors: Gonzalez‐Billault Christian , Jimenez‐Mateos Eva Maria , Caceres Alfredo , Diaz‐Nido Javier , Wandosell Francisco , Avila Jesus 
Published: October 2003

AbstractMicrotubule‐associated protein 1B is the first MAP to be expressed during the development of the nervous system. Several different approaches have revealed that MAP1B function is associated with microtubule and actin microfilament polymerization and dynamics. In recent years, the generation of molecular models to inactivate MAP1B function in invertebrates and mammals has sparked some controversy about the real role of MAP1B. Despite discrepancies between some studies, it is clear that MAP1B plays a principal role in the development of the nervous system. In this article, we summarize the evidence for MAP1B function in a wide variety of cellular processes implicated in the proper construction of the nervous system. We also discuss the role of MAP1B in pathological processes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 58: 48–59, 2004
Coupling finite difference methods and integral formulas for elliptic problems arising in fluid mechanics
Authors: Albuquerque C. , Cottet G.‐H. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis article is devoted to the numerical analysis of two classes of iterative methods that combine integral formulas with finite‐difference Poisson solvers for the solution of elliptic problems. The first method is in the spirit of the Schwarz domain decomposition method for exterior domains. The second one is motivated by potential calculations in free boundary problems and can be viewed as a numerical analytic continuation algorithm. Numerical tests are presented that confirm the convergence properties predicted by numerical analysis. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 20: 199–229, 2004
Development of a two‐dimensional finite element model for pure advective equation
Authors: Sheu Tony W. H. , Lee P. H. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis article deals with a six‐parameter flux corrected transport (FCT) Taylor Galerkin finite element model for solving the pure convection equation that admits discontinuities. Modified equation analysis is conducted to optimize the scheme accuracy in the smooth flow. In the presence of discontinuity, the introduced free parameters are further controlled to yield a slower group velocity ahead of the discontinuity using the group velocity theory. In contrast, free parameters that result in a faster group velocity than the analytic phase velocity are chosen to reduce postdiscontinuity oscillations. The success in employing the FCT technique of Zalesak is to obtain a monotone solution and we apply the M‐matrix theory to achieve the goal. To validate the proposed finite element model, analytic tests, which are amenable to smooth as well as sharply varying solutions, are conducted. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 20: 302–326, 2004
An Eulerian‐Lagrangian single‐node collocation method for transient advection‐diffusion equations in multiple space dimensions
Authors: Wu Li , Wang Hong 
Published: October 2003

AbstractWe developed a nonconventional Eulerian‐Lagrangian single‐node collocation method for transient advection‐diffusion transport partial differential equations in multiple space dimensions. This method greatly reduces the number of unknowns in conventional collocation method, generates accurate numerical solutions, and allows large time steps to be used in numerical simulations. We perform numerical experiments to show the strong potential of the method. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 20: 284–301, 2004
Thermal, mechanical and morphological analysis of poly(ε‐caprolactone), cellulose acetate and their blends
Authors: Bragança F. C. , Rosa D. S. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractPoly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), cellulose acetate (CA) and their blends were characterized by their tensile strength, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy (OM). The compatibility of the blends was investigated and the OM results showed that CA tended to disperse as discrete particles in PCL. Thermal analysis showed the characteristic melting temperature peaks for PCL and CA in all blends, indicating that the compounds were immiscible. The addition of CA to PCL increased slightly the crystallinity of PCL, decreased the elongation at yield and the tensile strength up to 40/60 PCL/CA (w/w), which suggested incompatibility between the polymers. Together, these results indicate the absence of a strong chemical interaction between the two polymers. In agreement with this, the addition of CA to blends with PCL increased Young's modulus. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mass transfer from theophylline hydrogels of a‐PVA/H2O and a‐PVA/NaCl/H2O system on heating
Authors: Shaheen Sharif M. , Yamaura Kazuo 
Published: October 2003

AbstractTheophylline hydrogels of atactic‐poly(vinyl alcohol) (a‐PVA)/H2O and a‐PVA/NaCl/H2O systems were prepared followed by cyclic freezing (−30°C for 16 hr)–thawing (at room temperature for 8 hr) and one cycle gelation (at −20°C for 24 hr) processes, respectively. In order to prepare xerogels (dried hydrogels) of these hydogel systems, an apparently first‐order mass transfer phenomenon of water as evaporation was observed for a‐PVA/H2O hydrogel system, while heating at 60°C. The rate of evaporation decreased with increasing time in hyperbolic fashion. The total surface area (both lateral and two end surfaces of hydrogel matrix disc) decreased linearly for the first 90 min and thereafter had a tendency towards the steady‐state. The total mass flux showed time dependent linear reduction phenomenon, which is a characteristic physical behavior for these hydrogel systems on heat treatment. When NaCl was included in a‐PVA/H2O system mass transfer of water followed fourth‐order polynomial. But in consideration of a comparative study, sustained mass transfer was found from the hydrogel matrices of a‐PVA/H2O/NaCl system (gelation at −20°C). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling molecular conformation of regenerated wild silk fibroin by aqueous ethanol treatment
Authors: Li Mingzhong , Tao Wei , Kuga Shigenori , Nishiyama Yoshiharu 
Published: October 2003

AbstractRegenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin film was prepared by dissolution of native silk fiber in aqueous lithium thiocyanate. The influence of aqueous ethanol treatment of the dried regenerated film on molecular conformation was studied by X‐ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. While the initial regenerated film consisted of α‐helix and random coil components, aqueous ethanol treatment of the film resulted in significant increase in β‐sheet component and improvement of water resistance of the film. This effect was strongly dependent on ethanol concentration, and 40–60% (w/w) ethanol was most effective due to balance of hydrophilic/hydrophobic action of the solvent. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and ring‐opening polymerization of co‐cyclic(aromatic aliphatic disulfide) oligomers
Authors: Chen K. , Liang Z. A. , Meng Y. Z. , Hay A. S. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractAn effective approach was presented for the synthesis of co‐cyclic(aromatic aliphatic disulfide) oligomers by catalytic oxidation of aromatic and aliphatic dithiols with oxygen in the presence of a copper‐amine catalyst. The aromatic dithiols can be 4,4′‐oxybis(benzenethiol), 4,4′‐diphenyl dithiol, 4,4′‐diphenylsulfone dithiol. The aliphatic dithiols can be 1,2‐ethanedithiol, 2,3‐butanedithiol, 1,6‐hexane dithiol. The co‐cyclic(aromatic aliphatic disulfide) oligomers were characterized by gradient HPLC, MALDI‐TOF‐MS, GPC, 1H‐NMR, TGA, and DSC techniques. The glass transition temperatures of these co‐cyclics ranged from −11.3 to 56.6°C. In general, these co‐cyclic(aromatic aliphatic disulfide) oligomers are soluble in common organic solvents, such as CHCl3, THF, DMF, DMAc. These co‐cyclic oligomers readily underwent free radical ring‐opening polymerization in the melt at 180°C, producing linear, tough and high molecular weight poly(aromatic aliphatic disulfide)s. The glass transition temperatures of these polymers ranged from −3.7 to 107.8°C that are higher than those of corresponding co‐cyclics. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microcalorimetry investigation of synthetic hemoprotein (albumin‐heme)
Authors: Huang Yubin , Komatsu Teruyuki , Tsuchida Eishun 
Published: October 2003

AbstractRecombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) incorporating the iron(II) complex of the tetraphenylporphyrin derivative (FepivP or FecycP) is a synthetic O2‐carrying hemoprotein [albumin‐heme (rHSA‐FepivP or rHSA‐FecycP)], which acts as a red blood cell substitute. The association and dissociation behavior of FepivP and FecycP with rHSA has been initially investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry. A strong heat release appeared after the injection of albumin‐heme into a large molar excess of rHSA. This exothermic enthalpy change was due to the transference of hemes to the other free albumins. The difference in the heme binding affinity to rHSA can be manifested in the enthalpy term. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of poly(propylene)/clay layered nanocomposites by melt intercalation from pristine montmorillonite (MMT)
Authors: Tang Yong , Hu Yuan , Wang Shaofeng , Gui Zhou , Chen Zuyao 
Published: October 2003

AbstractPoly(propylene)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation, using pristine montmorillonite (MMT), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16), poly(propylene) (PP) and maleic acid (MA) modified PP (MAPP), The nanocomposites structure is demonstrated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution electronic microscopy (HREM). Our purpose is to provide a general concept for manufacturing polymer nanocomposites by melt intercalation starting from the pristine MMT. We found different kneaders (twin‐screw extruder or twin‐roll mill) have influence on the morphology of the PP/clay nanocomposites. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that the thermal stability of PP/clay nanocomposites has been improved compared with that of pure PP. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calculation of thermochemical properties of conjugated radicals
Authors: Vysotsky Y. B. , Bryantsev V. S. 
Published: November 2003

AbstractHeat of formation for 30 conjugated hydrocarbon radicals were calculated within the framework of an unrestricted Hartree–Fock method using the same set of π‐Hamiltonian parameters for systems with closed and open electronic shell. Based on π‐electronic perturbation theory, the model of aromatic annelation and radical CH2 substitution of neutral molecules was developed. The proposed model makes it possible to obtain thermochemical properties of radicals on the basis of calculated or experimental data for less lengthy analogues. Direct calculation and results based on perturbation theory agree closely with each other and with experiment. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004