bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between toe brachial index and walking ability in peripheral arterial disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Arora Esha , Yadav Hrishikesh , Maiya G. Arun , Devasia Tom , Bhat Ram , Kamath Ganesh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The primary symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is intermittent claudication and the most common non-invasive diagnostic method is ankle brachial index. Peripheral arterial disease is usually accompanied by various other co-morbidities like type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Literature suggests that when peripheral arterial disease is accompanied by type 2 diabetes mellitus, the ankle-brachial index can be falsely elevated due to medial calcification of the arteries. Therefore, an assessment of microcirculation using the toe brachial index is needed to diagnose PAD in these individuals. It has been well established that walking ability and ankle-brachial index are correlated in peripheral arterial disease. However, there is a dearth of literature on whether there is a correlation between toe brachial index (TBI) and walking ability. Therefore, the objective of the study is to find the correlation between toe brachial index and walking ability in type 2 diabetes mellitus with peripheral arterial disease. A total of 1485 participants were screened for the study, among which 133 met the inclusion criteria. Informed consent was obtained and the included participants were assessed for their demographic details. Toe brachial index was performed with the help of Doppler and 6-min walk test was performed to measure the claudication in the participants.

Results
In the present study of 133 participants, we found a strong positive correlation between toe brachial index and 6-min walk distance (r = 0.911 p value < 0.05). The walking ability is directly proportional to the TBI, i.e., the lesser the values of TBI, the lesser the walking distance covered in peripheral arterial disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion
The present study concludes that there is a strong positive correlation between toe brachial index and 6-min walk distance.
Standardized Titration Protocol Reduces the Incidence of Paclitaxel Infusion-Related Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Sefah Kofi , Kilowski Karolina A. , Gifford Sarah A. , Grove Angela , Shaffer Jon , Bryan Baylee , Ahmad Sarfraz , Holloway Robert W. 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE Infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions with paclitaxel are common despite the use of dexamethasone and diphenhydramine premedications. Paclitaxel titration protocols that may reduce reactions are empirically derived from clinical observations, and there are no phase III trials that confirm superiority of any management recommendations. The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency and severity of hypersensitivity reactions associated with a recently initiated standardized paclitaxel titration protocol verses standard-of-care (SOC) infusion protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective review of hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving paclitaxel infusions at five ambulatory infusion centers using a standardized titration protocol (February 2021 to April 2021) versus SOC paclitaxel (November 2018 to December 2019). Patients were age 18 years or older and presented for their first or second infusions. The primary study measure was the rate of hypersensitivity reactions. Secondary evaluations included the timing of the reaction after the start of the infusion, use of premedications, and severity of reactions. RESULTS A total of 451 patients were included in this study. Eighty-four (18.6%) patients were identified in the titration protocol group and 367 (81.4%) patients in the SOC group. Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 4.8% of the titration group and 18.3% of the SOC group (odds ratio [OR], 0.224; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.74; P = .002). Grade 3 or greater infusion reactions were 0% in the titration group versus 18% in the SOC group (OR, 0.28; P < .008). Reactions occurred later with the titration protocol, compared with the SOC paclitaxel infusion. Finally, no differences were observed in the use of appropriate premedications. CONCLUSION A standardized paclitaxel titration protocol was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving their first and second infusions. A prospective randomized trial is needed to validate these observations.
Solving a Continent-Scale Inventory Routing Problem at Renault
Authors: Bouvier Louis , Dalle Guillaume , Parmentier Axel , Vidal Thibaut 
Published: October 2023

This paper is the fruit of a partnership with Renault. Their reverse logistic requires solving a continent-scale multiattribute inventory routing problem (IRP). With an average of 30 commodities, 16 depots, and 600 customers spread across a continent, our instances are orders of magnitude larger than those in the literature. Existing algorithms do not scale, so we propose a large neighborhood search (LNS). To make it work, (1) we generalize existing split delivery vehicle routing problems and IRP neighborhoods to this context, (2) we turn a state-of-the-art matheuristic for medium-scale IRP into a large neighborhood, and (3) we introduce two novel perturbations: the reinsertion of a customer and that of a commodity into the IRP solution. We also derive a new lower bound based on a flow relaxation. In order to stimulate the research on large-scale IRP, we introduce a library of industrial instances. We benchmark our algorithms on these instances and make our code open source. Extensive numerical experiments highlight the relevance of each component of our LNS. Funding: This work was supported by Renault Group. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2022.0342 .
Role of four-dimensional computer tomography (4D-CT) in non-localising and discordant first-line imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Sayed S , Das A , Turner B , Wadhwa VS , Pathak KA 
Published: October 2023

Background Accurate preoperative localisation of parathyroid adenoma is imperative for the success of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP). Objective Our study aimed to evaluate the role of four-dimensional computer tomography (4D-CT) scan as an imaging modality in patients with failed and discordant localisation reported in the first-line imaging modalities (ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT). Methods This is a prospective cohort study performed at a university teaching centre from March 2013 to July 2021. All patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who had failed localisation by ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT (SpCT), or discordance between them, had 4D-CT performed in this study. Results One hundred and two sporadic cases of pHPT with failed/discordant first-line imaging had 4D-CT imaging prior to parathyroidectomy. In 102 patients, 105 parathyroid adenomas were reported on histopathology. 4D-CT was able to localise 78% of them to the correct side and 64% to the correct quadrant in 102 patients, as compared with US (correct side 21%, correct quadrant 16%) and 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT (correct side 36%, correct quadrant 31%). 4D-CT had a sensitivity, precision, accuracy and F1 score for correct quadrant localisation as 79%, 81%, 66% and 80%; and for correct side localisation as 82%, 98%, 80% and 89%, respectively. 4D-CT was able to identify three ectopic adenomas (two in superior mediastinum and one in the oesophageal wall) which were not detected on US or SpCT. Conclusion 4D-CT was found to be sensitive and accurate in preoperative localising of the diseased parathyroid glands after failed/discordant US and SpCT. This led to more patients being offered MIP as the primary surgery and improved operative outcomes.
The carbon footprint of surgical operations: a systematic review update
Authors: Robinson PN , Surendran KSB , Lim SJ , Robinson M 
Published: October 2023

Introduction Sustainability in healthcare is a rapidly developing area of research with recent formal recognition from institutions around the world. We completed an update of a systematic review published in 2020. The aims of this review were to determine the reported carbon footprints of surgical operations in hospitals worldwide, identify variations in reported carbon footprints and highlight carbon hotspots associated with surgery. Methods A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The MEDLINE®, Embase® and Cochrane Library databases were searched, and eligibility criteria applied. The study characteristics, scope of product inventory and results were extracted and synthesised. A quality assessment of each study was completed to inform the reliability of the research. Results 1,308 articles were identified and 7 met the inclusion criteria for the review. The carbon footprint ranged from 28.49kg to 505.1kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e). Medical devices and consumables were the greatest contributor to emissions, with material production and manufacture representing the majority of this carbon hotspot. There were significant methodological limitations and a lack of consistency in carbon footprint calculations between studies. Conclusions This systematic review identifies medical devices and consumables as the largest carbon hotspot where healthcare providers should target their sustainability initiatives. Nevertheless, the number of studies was limited and the quality of the evidence was weak. We recommend that researchers in healthcare sustainability develop international standards for conducting and reporting such studies. This would allow for comparison of individual studies and facilitate meta-analysis of cumulative evidence. A reliable evidence base is a prerequisite for identifying optimal interventions to ensure societal benefits.
Risk factors and management of biliary leakage after Endocystectomy for hepatic cystic echinococcosis
Authors: Abbasi Dezfouli Sepehr , El Rafidi Ahmad , Aminizadeh Ehsan , Ramouz Ali , Al-Saeedi Mohammed , Khajeh Elias , Mieth Markus , Weber Tim Frederik , Chang De-Hua , Hoffmann Kathrin , Büchler Markus W. , Mehrabi Arianeb 
Published: October 2023

Background
Endocystectomy is a conservative surgical approach to managing cystic echinococcosis. Bile leakage is the main complication of this technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with bile leakage and to assess the outcomes and cost efficiency of strategies used to treat bile leakage.

Methodology/Principal findings
Patients who underwent endocystectomy between 2005 and 2020 were included. The preoperative characteristics, intra- and postoperative outcomes, hospital costs, and cost efficiency (the Diagnosis-Related Group reimbursement minus the overall cost) were evaluated prospectively. A total of eighty patients with 142 cysts were included. Postoperative complications occurred in 17 patients (21%), including 11 patients with bile leakage (type A: 1, type B: 6 and type C: 4 patients, total 13%). Bile leakage was more frequent in patients with preoperative MRI signs of cysto-biliary fistulas or intraoperative visible cysto-biliary fistulas (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively) and in patients with cysts larger than 8 cm (p = 0.03). Patients with bile leakage who underwent reoperation (type C) had significantly shorter hospital stays (9 vs. 16 days, p<0.01) and better cost efficiency than those who received radiologic or endocscopic interventions (€2,072 vs. -€2,097 p = 0.01). No mortality was observed, and recurrence was seen in two patients.

Conclusions/Significance
Endocystectomy is a safe and efficient technique. Preoperative and intraoperative cysto-biliary fistulas and a cyst diameter larger than 8 cm are correlated to postoperative bile leakage. Early operative management of bile leakage reduces hospital stay and improves cost efficiency compared with radiologic or endoscopic treatments.
Candidate gene-environment interactions in substance abuse: A systematic review
Authors: Jiang Zheng , Chen Zidong , Chen Xi 
Published: October 2023

Background
The abuse of psychogenic drugs can lead to multiple health-related problems. Genetic and environmental vulnerabilities are factors in the emergence of substance use disorders. Empirical evidence regarding the gene–environment interaction in substance use is mixed. Summaries of the latest findings from a candidate gene approach will be useful for revealing the significance of particular gene contributions. Thus, we aim to identify different gene–environment interactions in patterns of substance use and investigate whether any effects trend notably across different genders and races.

Methods
We reviewed published studies, until March 1, 2022, on substance use for candidate gene–environment interaction. Basic demographics of the included studies, target genes, environmental factors, main findings, patterns of gene–environment interaction, and other relevant information were collected and summarized.

Results
Among a total of 44 studies, 38 demonstrated at least one significant interaction effect. About 61.5% of studies on the 5-HTTLPR gene, 100% on the MAOA gene, 42.9% on the DRD2 gene, 50% on the DRD4 gene, 50% on the DAT gene, 80% on the CRHR1 gene, 100% on the OPRM1 gene, 100% on the GABRA1 gene, and 50% on the CHRNA gene had a significant gene–environment interaction effect. The diathesis–stress model represents a dominant interaction pattern (89.5%) in the studies with a significant interaction effect; the remaining significant effect on substance use is found in the differential susceptibility model. The social push and swing model were not reported in the included studies.

Conclusion
The gene–environment interaction research on substance use behavior is methodologically multidimensional, which causes difficulty in conducting pooled analysis, or stated differently–making it hard to identify single sources of significant influence over maladaptive patterns of drug taking. In decreasing the heterogeneity and facilitating future pooled analysis, researchers must (1) replicate the existing studies with consistent study designs and measures, (2) conduct power calculations to report gene–environment correlations, (3) control for covariates, and (4) generate theory-based hypotheses with factorial based experiments when designing future studies.
Association between the use of epidural analgesia during labour and incidence of postpartum depression
Authors: Ahmad Hanin Mohammed Yaqoob , Althagafi Lama Adnan , Albluwe Ghazal Zuhair , Kadi Shahd Mohammed , Alhassani Relam Ibrahim , Bahkali Nedaa Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Introduction
Postpartum depression is a significant episode of depression beginning after giving birth. The prevalence of postpartum depression is approximately 20% in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Epidural analgesia is the gold standard for labour pain management. Conflicting results exist regarding the association between postpartum depression and epidural analgesia use during labour. Accordingly, this study assessed the association between epidural analgesia use and postpartum depression incidence.

Methods
A prospective observational study of 170 mothers was conducted, with surveys administered after labour and at six weeks postpartum. Surveys included the following: mothers’ demographics, obstetric history, postpartum depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), and pain severity (Visual Analogue Scale).

Results
In the final analysis, 91 patients were enrolled. Epidural analgesia was administered to 48.4% of mothers during labour. Nearly two-thirds of mothers learned about EA via sources including family members and social media. However, more than half reported worries regarding epidural analgesia. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores showed that 38 mothers (41.8%) likely had depressive symptoms within two days following delivery. Further, 35 (38.5%) met criteria for postpartum depression at six weeks postpartum. For both groups regardless use of analgesia, the mean Visual Analogue Scale score at two days postpartum was 4.16 ± 2.13. Data revealed no correlation between epidural analgesia use and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale within two days and at six weeks postpartum. Multiple regression analysis showed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores correlated with Visual Analogue Scale scores but not epidural analgesia use at 1–2 days postpartum.

Conclusion
This study showed that depressive symptoms resolved in three percent of participants. This suggests that institutions should increase postpartum depression awareness during the antenatal period and implement effective post-delivery screening systems for postpartum depression.
Adaptive Absorbing Boundary Layer for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Stimming Hans Peter , Wen Xin , Mauser Norbert J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present an adaptive absorbing boundary layer
technique for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation that is
used in combination with the Time-splitting Fourier spectral
method (TSSP) as the discretization for the NLS equations.
We propose a new complex absorbing potential (CAP) function based on high
order polynomials,
with the major improvement that an explicit
formula for the coefficients in the potential function
is employed for adaptive parameter selection.
This formula is obtained by an extension of the analysis in [R. Kosloff and D. Kosloff,
Absorbing boundaries for wave propagation problems,
J. Comput. Phys. 63 1986, 2, 363–376].
We also show that our imaginary potential function
is more efficient than what is used in the literature.
Numerical examples show that our ansatz is significantly better than existing approaches.
We show that our approach can very accurately compute the solutions of
the NLS equations in one dimension,
including in the case of multi-dominant wave number solutions.
Is Biblical Studies Stuck in Antiquarianism? The Case of Behemoth and Leviathan
Authors: Sneed Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article, a trajectory is traced that demonstrates that the soft consensus that Behemoth and Leviathan are the hippo and croc, respectively, is part of a larger phenomenon whereby these originally monstrous beasts have become domesticated and demythologized or their mythological nature rationalized. The great beasts as natural Egyptian animals only goes back to a 17th century Huguenot who was an etymologist, orientalist, antiquarian, and minister. This process of/domestication/demythologization in a weak form actually can be discerned in the Hebrew Bible itself but reaches its zenith during the Enlightenment. In the article, a trajectory of protest against this process is mapped out. And, finally, monsters are shown to be important theodicean agents in the ancient world as well as representing important mechanisms of cultural identity.
Mortality associated with Sjögren’s syndrome in the United States in the 1999–2020 period: A multiple cause-of-death study
Authors: Huo Rongxiu , Huang Xinxiang , Lin Jinying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to analyze the mortality and leading causes of death associated with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) in the United States (US) between 1999 and 2020 using a multicause approach. We analyzed mortality based on SS as the cause-of-death. Using mortality rates, number of deaths, and historical trends, we examined sex, age of death, comparisons of SS- and polymyalgia rheumatica-related deaths (multiple cause-of-death) in the last 20 years, changes in the ranking of causes of death when SS was the underlying cause-of-death (UCD) in the first and last 5 years of the last 20 years, and the number of deaths and standardized mortality (per 100,000 people) when SS combined with interstitial lung disease (ILD) or tumor was the multiple cause-of-death. An SS-standardized mortality trend chart and a trend line were created. In 22 years, the total number of SS-related deaths in the US was 7,817, including 7,016 women. When SS was the UCD and non-UCD, the standardized ratios of female-to-male deaths (per 100,000 people) were approximately 4.6–13:1 and 6.8–19.6:1, respectively. SS-related deaths were more common in people aged >60 years and concentrated in patients aged 60–79. In cases where SS and polymyalgia rheumatica were the multiple cause-of-death, the number of deaths and age-standardized mortality of SS and polymyalgia rheumatica increased, although lower in SS than in polymyalgia rheumatica. Regarding SS as the UCD, heart disease ranks first. Concerning the number of deaths and standardized mortality in the first (1999–2003) and second (2016–2020) 5 years, when SS-ILD and SS combined with tumors were the multiple causes of death, the number increased in the second 5 years compared to that in the first 5 years. When SS combined with COVID-19 was the multiple cause-of-death, 73 deaths occurred, comprising 64 females and 9 males. Death predominance was observed among women and patients aged 60–79 years with SS. Although the SS-standardized mortality rate was low, an increasing trend was observed. When SS was the primary cause-of-death, heart disease remained primarily involved, followed by malignant neoplasms. The number of patients with SS-ILD and SS combined with tumors in the past 22 years and the standardized mortality rate after 5 years increased compared with those of the previous 5 years. Concurrent SS and COVID-19 may be related to the increased SS deaths.
Crystal structure of O-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-yl) O-phenyl carbonothioate, C24H15NO2S2
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Yong-Lang , Ye Jiang-Hai , Zou Juan , Wu Chong , Yang Wu-De 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C24H15NO2S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 20.8250(11) Å, b = 5.3649(3) Å, c = 18.8787(11) Å, β = 106.278(2)°, V = 2024.7(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0439, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1015, T = 273 K.
Crystal structure of the hydrogen storage active phase La12Mg46LiMn
Authors: Pavlyuk Nazar , Nytka Vitalii , Kordan Vasyl , Pavlyuk Volodymyr 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
La12Mg46LiMn, cubic,

F
m

3
‾

m

$Fm\overline{3}m$

(no 225), a = 14.7119(3) Å, V = 3184.24(19) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0330, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0601, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of (2-(2-pyridine)-benzimidazole-κ
2 N,N′)-bis(1-phenylpyrazole-κ
2 C,N)iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate, C30H22F6IrN7P
Authors: Qian Jun , Chen Chunjie , Ma Liang , Wang Yida 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C30H22F6IrN7P, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 4), a = 8.8876(3) Å, b = 32.8428(9) Å, c = 10.5010(3) Å, β = 106.623(2)∘, V = 2937.07(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0572, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1171, T = 293 K.
Effect of particle size distribution on microstructure and chloride permeability of blended cement with supplementary cementitious materials
Authors: Gao Ge , Li Qiang , Luo Hongjie , Huang Xiao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to improve the chloride ion penetration resistance of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in blended cement, this study optimizes the particle size distribution of cementitious components based on the Fuller model. Portland cement (PC), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are successfully divided into four particle size ranges by precision air classifier, which are 0–8, 8–30, 30–50, and 50–80 μm, respectively. The optimum cementitious materials in four ranges based on 28-day compressive strength are determined by nine groups of orthogonal tests. The blended cement with optimal performance is obtained by GGBFS in 0–8 μm, PC in 8–30 μm, GGBFS in 30–50 μm, and FA in 50–80 μm. The results show that the blended cement with SCMs based on Fuller model have superior microstructure and chloride ion penetration resistance, which is due to their smaller pore size, a strong volcanic ash effect, and chloride ion binding ability. In addition, this research presents a novel approach for realizing the application of a large amount of SCMs in blended cement.