bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in Length of Stay by Level of Neonatal Care Among Moderate and Late Preterm Infants
Authors: Ismail Lana , Markowsky Allison , Adusei-Baah Charity , Gallizzi Gina , Hall Matthew , Kalburgi Sonal , McQuistion Kaitlyn , Morgan Joy , Tamaskar Nisha , Parikh Kavita 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Moderate and late preterm infants are a growing subgroup of neonates with increased care needs after birth, yet standard protocols are lacking. We aim to describe variation in length of stay (LOS) by gestational age (GA) across hospitals within the same level of neonatal care and between different levels of neonatal care.

METHODS
Retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations for moderate (32–33 weeks GA) and late (34–36 weeks GA) preterm infants in 2019 Kid’s Inpatient Database. We compared adjusted LOS in this cohort and evaluated variation within hospitals of the same level and across different levels of neonatal care.

RESULTS
This study includes 217 051 moderate (26.2%) and late (73.8%) preterm infants from level II (19.7%), III (66.3%), and IV (11.1%) hospitals. Patient-level (race and ethnicity, primary payor, delivery type, multiple gestation, birth weight) and hospital-level (birth region, level of neonatal care) factors were significantly associated with LOS. Adjusted mean LOS varied for hospitals within the same level of neonatal care with level II hospitals showing the greatest variability among 34- to 36- week GA infants when compared with level III and IV hospitals (P &lt; .01). LOS also varied significantly between levels of neonatal care with the greatest variation (0.9 days) seen in 32-week GA between level III and level IV hospitals.

CONCLUSIONS
For moderate and late preterm infants, the level of neonatal care was associated with variation in LOS after adjusting for clinical severity. Hospitals providing level II neonatal care showed the greatest variation and may provide an opportunity to standardize care.
Covid-19 Pandemic Issue and Management of Quality Education in Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Nimota Jibola Kadir 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Traditional communication platforms and virtual digital learning could mitigate the closure of schools during COVID-19 and any other pandemics to enhance effective management of quality education. This study observed the relationship between traditional communication, virtual digital learning and management of quality education in public senior secondary schools in Nigeria. Purposive sampling techniques was used to select 140 principals and 280 teachers from 14 States that have commenced the use of traditional communication platforms and virtual digital learning for teaching students during the lockdown period in Nigeria. Data was collected using Covid-19 Pandemic Issue and Management of Quality Education Questionnaire (CPIMQEQ). The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and t-test statistical analysis. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between traditional communication platforms, virtual digital learning and management of quality education. It was recommended that government should make adequate provision for the use of traditional communication platforms as part of methods of teaching students rather than concentrate on only face-to-face traditional method of teaching to prevent total lockdown of education institution during pandemic so as to improve access to education. Also, government should make provision for necessary tools needed for effective use of virtual digital learning in teaching students and this will in turn help to address problem of school closure during pandemic as well as provision of training and retraining of teacher on digital skill in order to increase the students’ engagement and encouraged interaction towards achieving quality education.
Isolation and Characterization of Dye Decolorizing Bacteria from The Textile Dye Effluents
Authors: Rajamanickam Pon Nivedha  , Queen rosary Sheela  , Saravanan Snega  , F. Sherin Rebecca  
Published: December 2023

The most significant challenge confronted by the textile industries is the discharge of dye effluents which contains toxic chemicals posing a considerable threat to environmental pollution. Biological method of treating effluents using bacteria is one of the renewed and accepted method in effluent treatment. The present study aims to isolate and characterise the dye decolorizing bacteria from the effluent samples of a dye industry from Chinnalapatti, Tamilnadu. The dye effluents were collected from the effluent plant of a leading dye industry and the Physiochemical parameters were analysed. The samples were plated in a Nutrient Agar and bacterial isolation were performed according to the standard microbiological procedures. The bacterial isolates identified by biochemical identification were tested for its efficiency to decolorize Methyl red and crystal violet dyes. Among the three isolates S1showed 98% decolorizing efficiency in reducing Methyl red dye and 92% efficiency in decolorizing crystal violet dye. Sample S2 showed 85% activity in decolorizing methyl red dye and 86% activity in decolorising Crystal violet dye. S3 showed a low decolorizing activity compared to S1 and S2. Both of these phenotypically identified isolates are subjected to molecular identification by 16s gene amplification and gene sequencing. The obtained FASTA sequence were analysed for the phylogenetic relationship and submitted to NCBI. The potential isolate that has the capacity to decolorise the dyes were identified as Bacillus Tropicus and Pseudomonas mosselli. This study proves that these bacterial strains can be used as a potential bioremediation agent in decolorizing the dye effluents.
ICA: Tributación de los servicios de salud (no POS) prestados por las EPS e IPS
Authors: Pardo Pérez Julia Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Los cambios normativos en el sector salud han generado diferentes posiciones jurisprudenciales respecto a gravar o no la prestación de servicios de salud que no estén dentro el plan obligatorio de salud (no POS) con el impuesto de industria y comercio.
A partir del estudio normativo y jurisprudencial, con este artículo se pretende establecer cuál es la tesis o el criterio que se adecua a la realidad actual en materia tributaria en lo referente a la prestación del servicio de salud por fuera del POS por parte de las EPS e IPS y, en esa medida, determinar si es viable la aplicación de la no sujeción prevista en el artículo 39.2.d de la Ley 14 de 1983 o, si por el contrario, dicho servicio está gravado con el impuesto de industria y comercio en razón al cambio de las disposiciones legales en el sector salud.
Rozwijanie działań mediacyjnych od poziomu podstawowego – na przykładzie kursu języka polskiego jako obcego dla studentów stomatologii
Authors: Biernacka Michalina Beata 
Published: December 2023

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie sposobów wspierania działań i strategii mediacyjnych na poziomie A1. Jako przykład posłużył kurs języka polskiego jako obcego dla studentów stomatologii, którzy uczą się w Centrum Nauczania Języków Obcych Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi. Opisano przebieg prowadzenia analizy potrzeb (triangulacja) i główne założenia kursu zgodnego z podejściem działaniowym, które poskutkowały zaplanowaniem 40 godzin kursu specjalistycznego. Ze względu na to, że nie ma jeszcze na polskim rynku wydawniczym podręczników do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego (nawet ogólnego) na poziomie A1 opartych na podejściu ukierunkowanym na działanie, za ESOKJ (2003) i CEFR-CV (2020) przytaczano informacje argumentujące konkretne zasady projektowania wspomnianego kursu. Na podstawie wybranych zadań mediacyjnych omówiono możliwości, a także trudności, jakie niesie ze sobą wprowadzanie działań mediacyjnych na najniższym poziomie nauczania jpjo. Na koniec przedstawiono wyniki ankiet ewaluacyjnych, potwierdzających skuteczność proponowanych rozwiązań metodycznych.
Kompetencje uczniów w zakresie języka polskiego jako odziedziczonego i jako ojczystego w ujęciu komparatywnym – podsumowanie projektu badawczego
Authors: Lipińska Ewa , Seretny Anna 
Published: December 2023

Kompetencje lingwistyczne zagranicznych nastolatków polskiego pochodzenia nie były dotychczas badane. Z nieudokumentowanych danych wiadomo, że są one niższe niż u ich równolatków uczących się w Polsce. W Instytucie Glottodydaktyki Polonistycznej podjęto próbę ich porównania i udokumentowania. Na potrzeby projektu Język odziedziczony a ojczysty – porównanie kompetencji w zakresie języka polskiego uczniów z Polski i przebywających na emigracji opracowano kompleksowe narzędzie pomiaru umiejętności językowych dla młodzieży dwujęzycznej kognitywnie. Tekst przedstawia przebieg badania, rezultaty ogólne oraz cząstkowe z wybranych podsystemów i sprawności. W zakończeniu zebrano wnioski wypływające z całości projektu.
Jak logopeda może wspomagać rozwój kompetencji językowych i komunikacyjnych dziecka uczącego się jpjo/jpj2 (w odniesieniu do dzieci z Ukrainy)
Authors: Marciniak-Firadza Renata 
Published: December 2023

Obywatele Ukrainy są zdecydowanie najliczniejszą grupą cudzoziemców w Polsce, stanowiąc nieco ponad 80% ogółu osiedlających się w kraju obcokrajowców. Jednym ze skutków ruchów migracyjnych do Polski, związanych przede wszystkim z obecną sytuacją w Ukrainie, jest zwiększająca się liczba dzieci ukraińskich w przedszkolach, szkołach podstawowych czy średnich. Ruchy migracyjne determinujące kontakty językowo-kulturowe, których efektem jest zjawisko dwu- lub wielojęzyczności, stawiają przed logopedami i terapeutami nowe zadania, a dwujęzyczność (wielojęzyczność) zdecydowanie wpisała się w krąg zainteresowań logopedycznych. Celem artykułu jest usystematyzowanie, na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz własnych doświadczeń, kompetencji logopedy w zakresie wspomagania dzieci ukraińskich uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego/jako drugiego, omówienie logopedycznych form wsparcia tych dzieci oraz wskazanie wyzwań, jakie stoją przed współczesną logopedią w omawianym zakresie. Logopeda w ramach wsparcia przede wszystkim przeprowadza proces diagnostyczny i stawia diagnozę (rozpoznanie logopedyczne) dziecka bilingwalnego, ustala strategie rozwijania sprawności językowych i komunikacyjnych, rozwija sprawności językowe i komunikacyjne dziecka, poprzez ćwiczenia językowych sprawności systemowych i komunikacyjnych. Aby wsparcie logopedy w procesie nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego/jako drugiego było najskuteczniejsze, logopeda powinien mieć dostęp do wystandaryzowanych i znormalizowanych, rzetelnych narzędzi diagnostycznych przeznaczonych dla osób bilingwalnych oraz stworzone procedury, metody i narzędzia niezbędne do procesów terapii logopedycznej osób dwu-/wielojęzycznych, a to jest najważniejszym zadaniem stojącym przed współczesną logopedią.
The relationship between innovative leadership and educator performance in early childhood education
Authors: Mutoharoh Mutoharoh , Hufad Achmad , Rusdiyani Isti 
Published: December 2023

Educators deal with complex difficulties daily due to economic realities. Educational leadership therefore needs to be more creative and innovative to be effective. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of innovative leadership in improving the performance of educators in early childhood education institutions in Serang District. This research used quantitative data collection through a survey. The analysis utilized statistical software for the determination of the validity test method, simple linear regression test, coefficient of determination, reliability test, product moment correlation test, and hypothesis test. Based on the result, there is a positive and significant influence of the innovative leadership of the ECE principals towards the performance of ECE educators. For early childhood education institutions located in Serang, Banten, this research can be used as a reference material in considering the selection of school principals.
Keywords: Early childhood education ; educator; innovative; leadership; performance
Identity Goods
Authors: Thiam Mamadou Youssouf 
Published: December 2023

The objective of business is to produce products and services for profit. Information technology describes any technology used to create process and share information that is vital to the performance of a business. Information technology is important to the business sector as a management tool to optimize the processing of information in the bid to produce goods and services for profit. Irrespective the size of a business enterprise, technology has both tangible and intangible benefits that will aid in enhancing profitability and produce results according to customer’s demand. Technological infrastructure affects the culture, efficiency and relationships of a business. It also affects the security of confidential information and trade advantages. The information revolution is sweeping through economy. Its effects are palpable through drastic reductions in the cost of obtaining, processing, and transmitting information is changing the way we do business.
The access and use of technology would serve as a tool in this proposal in the use of technology to aid banking and online transactions, with an aim of efficiency in service, and effectiveness in meeting the demands of the public.
Article Reviews: Bioethanol Production from Biomass Waste using Fermentation with the Assistance of Yeast
Authors: Pratiwi Wiwik , Ni Made Suaniti 
Published: December 2023

Bioethanol is an ethanol compound made from biomass containing starch, sugar and cellulose. The most common production of bioethanol uses hydrolysis and fermentation methods. The following article aims to compare the levels of bioethanol produced from various types of biomass using various methods. The method used can be in the form of variations in the concentration of acids and bases used in hydrolysis, fermentation time and the mass of yeast used. The results of the review of the article found that the highest levels of bioethanol were obtained from bioethanol made from banana peels by hydrolysis and fermentation methods. The glucose level produced was 3.13% and the bioethanol content obtained was 13.54% with a fermentation time of 144 hours.
Keywords: Bioethanol, Fermentation, Hydrolysis, Yeast, Glucose
Factors that cause Work Fatigue among Shipyard Workers
Authors: Siti Rokhati  , Noeroel Widajati  , Endang Dwiyanti  , Saliza Mohd Elias  , Efendi Andi Aziz , Adinda Novia Ardhani  
Published: December 2023

Highlights:
1. The focus of this study was on the underlying factors of fatigue among shipyard workers, an area that necessitatesfurther research to attain ideal standards in occupational health and safety.2. This study can provide companies with material to use when counseling workers on the importance of a healthynutritional intake in preventing fatigue.

Abstract
Work fatigue remains a prevalent issue among workers in shipyards, leading to detrimental effects on physical well-being, including a decline in body resistance and productivity. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between age, nutritional status, working period, physical workload, noise, and lighting with fatigue levels among hull construction workers. This observational study used a cross-sectional approach with a total population of 112 individuals working in the production line of the Warship Division of a shipbuilding company. The sample size in this study was determined using stratified random sampling, resulting in an assembly of 53 samples. Proportionate stratified random sampling was then employed to determine the sample size for each subgroup of the population. The research data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test (p<0.005). This study found a significant relationship between work fatigue and nutritional status (p=0.000), with a moderately positive relationship (r=0.511). Additionally, there was a significant relationship between work fatigue and physical workload (p=0.000), with a moderately positive relationship (r=0.531). Noise and work fatigue showed a significant relationship (p=0.010), with a weak positive relationship (r=0.353). Lighting and work fatigue showed a significant relationship as well (p=0.000), but with a moderately negative relationship (r=-0.524). On the other hand, work fatigue did not exhibit any significant relationship with age (p=0.129) or working period (p=0.651). This study establishes a relationship between work fatigue and numerous factors, including nutritional status, physical workload, noise, and lighting. However, age and working period are not related to work fatigue. Thus, it is recommended that companies align job requirements with employees' work capacity and conduct regular assessments of noise and lighting conditions to mitigate work-related fatigue.
Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus
Authors: Marta Setiabudy  , Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni  , Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat  , Kadek Suryawan  , I Ketut Agus Indra Adhiputra  , Muhammad Amirul bin Abdul Rahman  
Published: December 2023

Highlights:
1. The significance of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, which are more likely to infectimmunocompromised patients, needed to be researched in greater depth.2. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was found to form significantly more biofilm than Staphylococcus aureus.3. Wound care and changing medical devices in immunocompromised patients on a regular basis may provide benefitsto prevent biofilm formation by Staphylococcus spp.

Abstract
Staphylococcus spp. are typically commensal microorganisms that can exist in the human body without causing illness. However, these bacteria have virulence factors, e.g., biofilm formation, that are important to note. Because biofilms shield bacteria from opsonophagocytosis and antimicrobial agents, they can cause persistent or chronic infections. Once they form biofilms, both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) can potentially cause incurable infections. This study aimed to compare biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus as a guide for the prevention and management of infection, which will maintain and improve the good health of the general population. This was an analytic research with a cross-sectional design. The study began by collecting the samples, identifying the species, and testing the biofilm production with a microtiter plate, which was then analyzed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Comparison tests were conducted using an independent t-test. A value of p<0.05 was used as the cut-off that indicated significance. The total samples were 36 clinical isolates, consisting of 18 Staphylococcus aureus and 18 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The specimens consisted of 20 blood samples (55.6%) and 7 wound swabs (19.4%). The biofilm test on the samples showed that 83.3% of the samples produced biofilms. The data revealed that the isolates formed biofilms, with 14 isolates (38.9%) in the strong category, 10 isolates (27.8%) in the moderate category, and each of 6 isolates (16.7%) in the weak and non-existent categories. Both Staphylococcus spp. appeared to have biofilm-forming activity, but coagulase-negative Staphylococcus appeared to be significantly more dominant (p=0.008). Strong biofilm was produced by 61.1% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates. In conclusion, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus formed a stronger biofilm than Staphylococcus aureus. Its presence as an infection-causing bacteria, particularly in immunocompromised patients, should not be underestimated.
Effects of Moringa oleifera Extract as an Immunomodulator of Lymphocyte Cells and Macrophages in BALB/c Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Putu Khrisna Dharma Jaya  , Putu Indah Budi Apsari  , Pande Made Alitta Cantika Putri Nadya Dewi  , Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksemi  , I Ketut Cahyadi Adi Winata Sutarta  
Published: December 2023

Highlights:
1. This study assessed the immunomodulatory potential of Moringa oleifera, which may serve as a natural source forantimalarial treatment.2. Moringa oleifera extract can act as an immunomodulator due to its suppressive effect on Plasmodium berghei infection.

Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. In Indonesia, this disease remains a health concern that must be resolved. Due to its high prevalence in eastern Indonesia, it is a challenge to eradicate this disease. Moringa oleifera contains various substances that are believed to have antimalarial activity. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in increasing immune cells and eradicating parasites by using mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The research was conducted in vivo on BALB/c strain mice (n=40) that were already infected with Plasmodium berghei. Moringa oleifera leaf extract at 25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations was administered orally every day to the mice, while a peripheral blood smear was performed to evaluate parasitemia levels and macrophage activation. A complete blood count was also performed after all tests on the mice were completed. Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with a=0.05 and 95% confidence interval (CI). The results showed that the administration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract at 25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations caused varying degrees of parasitemia compared to the negative group (p<0.05). The group that received the extract at 50% concentration differed significantly from the control groups in the number of activated macrophages. The results of the complete blood count indicated immunomodulatory effects through the presence of diverse immune cell types. In conclusion, Moringa oleifera leaf extract suppresses Plasmodium berghei infection and enhances immune cell stimulation.
Physical Activity Levels and Total Food Intake among Preclinical Students at a School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Authors: Lydia Esterlita Halim  , Francisca Tjhay  , Nawanto Agung Prastowo  , Vetinly  , Nelly Tina Widjaja  
Published: December 2023

Highlights:
1. This is the first cross-sectional study in Indonesia that was conducted specifically to find a correlation between physical activity levels and food intake.2. As lower physical activity was found to be associated with higher food intake, this study suggests that physical activity might be taken into consideration to manipulate one’s food consumption

Abstract
One of the most crucial things a person can do to enhance the well-being of their body is to engage in regular physical activity. However, currently, there are still many people who have low physical activity levels. It is stated that habitual physical activity can affect the sensitivity of food intake regulation. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the total food intake and physical activity of preclinical students. This study was conducted using the cross-sectional method among preclinical students (n=238) in the classes of 2017, 2018, and 2019 at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjects with appetite-manipulating supplements, a diet program, a history of metabolic disease, a history of eating disorders, stress, or trauma were excluded from this study. The physical activity level was evaluated using the Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ), while the total food intake was evaluated using the three-day food record method. The statistical test applied in this study was the Spearman test, with a significance of p<0.05. There were 22.3% of respondents with a low physical activity level, and there were 9.7% of respondents with a total food intake higher than recommended. The statistical analysis showed a significant negative correlation between physical activity levels and total food intake (p=0.008). In conclusion, there is an association between students’ physical activity levels and their total food intake.