bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prebiotic Synthesis of Glycolaldehyde and Glyceraldehyde from Formaldehyde: A Computational Study on the Initial Steps of the Formose Reaction
Authors: Venturini Alessandro , González Javier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, the initial steps of the mechanism of the Formose reaction (FR) is computationally studied using DFT methods. The FR has been considered to be a relevant process in the prebiotic evolution leading to several types of sugars or carbohydrates. These molecules are some of the basic building blocks of the life. The dimerization of formaldehyde was found to take place via an intramolecular deprotonation reaction, leading to the formation of an intermediate which, after an isomerization, forms a Ca‐complex of the cis‐enediol tautomer of glycolaldehyde. The aldol reaction of this complex with additional formaldehyde gave glyceraldehyde, the simplest aldotriose. The catalyst Ca(OH)2 plays a dual role in the reaction, acting as a base (in the intramolecular deprotonation) and as Lewis acid (activating the carbonyl group) in the aldol addition.
MHC II–EGFP Knock‐in Mouse Model
Authors: Pačes Jan , Grobárová Valéria , Zadražil Zdeněk , Knížková Karolina , Malinská Nikola , Tušková Liliana , Boes Marianne , Černý Jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe MHC II–EGFP knock‐in mouse model enables us to visualize and track MHC‐II‐expressing cells in vivo by expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fused to the MHC class II molecule under the MHC II beta chain promoter. Using this model, we can easily identify MHC‐II‐expressing cells, including dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages, and ILC3s, which play a key role as antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) for CD4+ T cells. In addition, we can also precisely identify and analyze APC‐containing tissues and organs. Even after fixation, EGFP retains its fluorescence, so this model is suitable for immunofluorescence studies, facilitating an unbiased characterization of the histological context, especially with techniques such as light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the MHC II–EGFP knock‐in mouse model is valuable for studying the molecular mechanisms of MHC II gene regulation and expression by making it possible to correlate MHC II expression (MHC II–EGFP) with surface fraction through antibody detection, thereby shedding light on the intricate regulation of MHC II expression. Overall, this model is an essential asset for quantitative and systems immunological research, providing insights into immune cell dynamics and localization, with a tool for precise cell identification and with the ability to study MHC II gene regulation, thus furthering the understanding of immune responses and underlying mechanisms © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 14 April 2024. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Characterization of antigen‐specific MHC II loading compartment tubulation toward the immunological synapseBasic Protocol 2: Characterization of overall versus surface MHC II expressionBasic Protocol 3: Identification and preparation of the lymphoid organsBasic Protocol 4: Quantification of APC content in lymphoid organs by fluorescence stereomicroscopyBasic Protocol 5: Quantification and measurement of intestinal lymphoid tissue by light‐sheet fluorescence stereomicroscopyBasic Protocol 6: Visualization of corneal APCsBasic Protocol 7: Quantification of MHC II+ cells in maternal milk by flow cytometrySupport Protocol 1: Cell surface staining and flow cytometry analysis of spleen mononuclear cells
Cloning and Overexpressing Membrane Proteins Using Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii)
Authors: Schwob Magali , Kugler Valérie , Wagner Renaud 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the structure and function of key proteins located within biological membranes is essential for fundamental knowledge and therapeutic applications. Robust cell systems allowing their actual overexpression are required, among which stands the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. This system proves highly efficient in producing many eukaryotic membrane proteins of various functions and structures at levels and quality compatible with their subsequent isolation and molecular investigation. This article describes a set of basic guidelines and directions to clone and select recombinant P. pastoris clones overexpressing eukaryotic membrane proteins. Illustrative results obtained for a panel of mammalian membrane proteins are presented, and hints are given on a series of experimental parameters that may substantially improve the amount and/or the functionality of the expressed proteins. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Designing and cloning a P. pastoris expression vectorBasic Protocol 2: Integrative transformation of P. pastoris and selection of recombinant clonesBasic Protocol 3: Culturing transformed P. pastoris for membrane protein expressionBasic Protocol 4: Yeast cell lysis and membrane preparationBasic Protocol 5: Immunodetection of expressed membrane proteins: western blotAlternate Protocol 1: Immunodetection of expressed membrane proteins: dot blotAlternate Protocol 2: Immunodetection of expressed membrane proteins: yeastern blotBasic Protocol 6: Activity assay: ligand‐binding analysis of an expressed GPCR
Impacts of digital transformation on corporate green technology innovation: Do board characteristics play a role?
Authors: Lin Boqiang , Xie Yongjing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital transformation (DT), board characteristics, and green technology innovation (GI) have a substantial impact on corporate sustainability. However, there are seemingly conflicting conclusions about how DT affects an enterprise's GI performance, and few studies have considered the moderating effect of board characteristics. We aim to explore the impact of board characteristics on the correlation between DT and GI, using a sample of 1470 listed companies in China and employing a fixed‐effects model. Our results suggest that DT significantly enhances enterprises' GI performance; DT indirectly promotes the GI performance of enterprises by increasing their R&D investments, optimizing human capital structure, and enhancing management efficiency. Additionally, board gender diversity, board size, and board educational level positively moderate the relationship between DT on GI, whereas the impact will be blunted by board age diversity. Our conclusions are of great value to promote enterprises' GI performance and realize enterprises' sustainable development.
Sustainable environmental performance: The mediating role of green reputation in the choice of green marketing or green demarketing
Authors: Wang Chao‐Hung , Juo Wei‐Jr 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGrowing concern for sustainability of the natural environment is rapidly transforming the competitive landscape and forcing firms to implement traditional green marketing, along with less conventional green demarketing. As green marketing strategies become increasingly important, firms need to adhere to environmental performance evaluation. In contrast, rather than encouraging greener consumption, green demarketing calls for decreased consumption overall. Despite its potential impact, comparative research on these two marketing strategies is limited. Moreover, green reputation is a decisive resource that is related to marketing strategy and environmental performance. Previous empirical research, however, has largely neglected the role of green reputation on marketing strategy for environmental performance relationships. A theoretical framework is used to identify a gap in the environmental management literature and future research directions, based on the respective effects of green marketing and green demarketing of a firm's environmental performance, and the mediating effect of green reputation to explain these relationships. Data was collected through a questionnaire‐based survey including 217 companies from manufacturing and service industry sectors in Taiwan. Structural equation model to examine hypotheses reveals that green marketing, green demarketing, and green reputation directly affect environmental performance. Further analysis finds that green reputation fully mediates the green marketing–environmental performance link and partially mediates the green demarketing–environmental performance link. This work is the first to empirically compare the effects of green marketing and green demarketing on environmental performance through green reputation.
Earnings management and sustainability assurance: The moderating role of CSR committee
Authors: Meqbel Rasmi , Alta'any Mohammad , Kayed Salah , Al‐Omush Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examines the effect of earnings management on the decision to acquire sustainability assurance (SA) reports. It also offers insight into the moderating impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) committee over the earnings management‐SA nexus. To test the hypotheses, a logit regression for panel data is employed for a sample of 2972 firm‐year observations of non‐financial firms listed on the STOXX Europe 600 during the period 2012–2018. The findings reveal that firms that involve in earnings management, either accrual earnings management or real activities manipulation, tend to obtain SA reports to gain, repair, or maintain their legitimacy. Furthermore, the outcomes show that the existence of CSR committee alleviates the symbolic use of SA. Overall, this study highlights that the sustainability reporting assurance process can be used as a tool to deviate or shift stakeholders' attention from the earnings management techniques used in their reporting. The results, therefore, will benefit standard‐setters, policymakers, and stakeholders to be more cautious in differentiating between the substantial and symbolic SA reports.
Investigations into the AuI and PtII Coordination Chemistry of Bidentate “cis‐Spanning” Ligands
Authors: Kaufmann Luisa , Föhrenbacher Steffen A. , Krummer Michael C. , Butschke Burkhard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe novel bidentate PP and PN ligands o‐(Ph2P)−C6H4−C≡C−PPh2 (LPP) and o‐(Ph2P)−C6H4−4−(C5H9N−Me) (LPN), respectively, have been designed as long‐range “cis‐spanning“ ligands for the stabilization of heterodinuclear complexes containing two metal atoms in close proximity. The synthesis of heterodinuclear, formal AuIPtII complexes with the ligand LPP is straightforward. In the course of a one‐pot reaction, a surprisingly high selectivity for the coordination of AuCl and Pt(CNC) (CNC=2,6‐diphenylpyridine‐o,o’‐diate) to the phenyl‐bound and the alkyne‐bound PPh2 sites of LPP is observed, respectively. Chloride abstraction from the resulting heterodinuclear complex [(ClAu)(o‐Ph2P)−C6H4−C≡C−PPh2(Pt{CNC})] with Ag[SbF6] causes metal–metal bond formation and the generation of the cationic complex [LPPAuPt(CNC)][SbF6]. The high site selectivity for the coordination of the two metals to LPP was investigated by stoichiometric reactions of the ligand with one equivalent of the corresponding precursors. While analogous complexation experiments with LPN have not been successful, the synthesis of the heterodinuclear complex [(ClAu)(o‐Ph2P)−C6H4−4‐(C5H9N−Me)(PtCl2{dmso})] and of [LPN(AuCl)2] confirm the ability of LPN to serve as a ditopic ligand. In this context, it is noteworthy that [LPN(AuCl)2] constitutes the first amine–AuCl complex featuring a tertiary amine.
Waterborne Toxicity to Neotropical Invertebrates and Hazard of Cigarette Butt Leachates in Marine Environments
Authors: Mandelli Wanessa G. , Pestana Beatriz M. , Choueri Rodrigo B. , Abessa Denis M. S. , Braga Castro Ítalo , Buruaem Moreira Lucas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cigarette butts (CBs) are the most common type of beach litter worldwide and contain a complex mixture of chemicals. Given the recent interest in this emerging problem, it is important to assess the toxicity of CB leachates to a range of species from different regions, sensitivities, and ecological traits. We evaluated the waterborne toxicity of smoked CB to tropical invertebrates. Leachates were prepared in the laboratory and characterized for trace elements (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), ammonia nitrogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Then a set of toxicity tests with marine invertebrates was performed as follows: the brine shrimp Artemia sp. (nontoxic); the amphipod Tiburonella viscana (median lethal concentration [LC50] of 0.038 CB/L); the tanaid Monokalliapseudes schubarti (LC50 of 0.126 CB/L); the copepods Tisbe biminiensis (median effect concentration [EC50] of 0.038 CB/L) and Nitokra sp. (EC50 of 0.009 CB/L); pluteus stage larvae of the sea urchin Echinometra lucunter (EC50 of 0.152 CB/L); the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata (EC50 of 0.054 CB/L); and D-stage larvae of the mussel Perna perna (EC50 of 0.005 CB/L). The predicted no-effect concentration was estimated using species sensitivity distribution, producing a 5th percentile hazard concentration of 0.015 CB/L. This preliminary threshold allowed us to estimate the potential impact of a single CB to 67 L of seawater via leaching, contributing to the advancement of knowledge regarding the contamination, toxicity, and ecological risks of cigarette waste. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:374–384. © 2023 SETAC
Abstract
Hazard of cigarette butt leachates in the marine environment.
A phase II study of gemcitabine, carboplatin, dexamethasone, and rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ikoma Yoshikazu , Nakamura Nobuhiko , Kitagawa Junichi , Miwa Takao , Takada Eri , Matsumoto Takuro , Shibata Yuhei , Nakamura Hiroshi , Kanemura Nobuhiro , Kasahara Senji , Hara Takeshi , Sawada Michio , Tsurumi Hisashi , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of salvage chemotherapy with gemcitabine, carboplatin, dexamethasone, and rituximab (GCD ± R) for Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). A multicenter, phase II trial of GCD ± R administered every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles was conducted. Rituximab was administered as a therapeutic strategy for CD20‐positive lymphoma. The primary endpoint was the complete response (CR) rate. Secondary endpoints included the overall response (OR) rate, overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), toxicity, and success rate of peripheral blood stem cell collection for eligible transplant patients. A total of 25 patients (median age 66 years) were evaluated, with a median follow‐up period of 66.7 months. CR and OR rates were 28% and 52%, respectively. Median PFS and OS were 8.7 and 32.2 months, respectively. The major toxicity was myelosuppression, but the regimen was generally well‐tolerated, with a low incidence of febrile neutropenia (20%) and no treatment‐related deaths. Of the 6 patients who were eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation and underwent peripheral blood stem cell mobilization, the required number of CD34‐positive cells was collected in 5 (83%). All 6 proceeded to transplantation and achieved successful engraftment without recurrence. The present results suggest that GCD ± R may be effective and well‐tolerated in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory NHL. However, further investigation is needed to confirm these results.
TGF‐β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and VEGF: Their mechanisms and roles in vascular remodeling related diseases
Authors: Liu Hui , Sun Mingyue , Wu Nan , Liu Bin , Liu Qingxin , Fan Xueli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVascular remodeling is a basic pathological process in various diseases characterized by abnormal changes in the morphology, structure, and function of vascular cells, such as migration, proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptosis. Various growth factors and pathways are involved in the process of vascular remodeling. The transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling pathway, which is mainly mediated by TGF‐β1, is an important factor in vascular wall enhancement during vascular development and regulates the vascular response to injury by promoting the accumulation of intimal tissue. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has an important effect on initiating the formation of blood vessels. The Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway also plays an important role in angiogenesis. In addition, studies have shown that there is a certain interaction between the TGF‐β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and VEGF. Many studies have shown that in the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysm, vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia, pulmonary hypertension, restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and other diseases, various inflammatory reactions lead to changes in vascular structure and vascular microenvironment, which leads to vascular remodeling. The occurrence of vascular remodeling changes the morphology of blood vessels and thus changes the hemodynamics, which is the cause of further development of the disease process. Vascular remodeling can cause vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction and vascular homeostasis regulation. This review aims to explore the mechanisms of the TGF‐β/Smads signaling pathway, Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, and vascular endothelial growth factor in vascular remodeling and related diseases. This paper is expected to provide new ideas for research on the occurrence and development of related diseases and provide a new direction for research on the treatment of related diseases.
A multicenter analysis on the changes of sIgE in China during the early period of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Li Yunzhu , Li Linfeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to analyze the changes in allergen composition ratio during the early stages of the COVID‐19 outbreak in China and analyze the underlying factors contributing to these alterations.MethodsA multicenter study approach was employed. A total of 618 male and female patients (0–89 years old) were recruited from the dermatology, pediatrics, and allergy departments of 17 hospitals across 15 Chinese cities between January 2020 and June 2021. Serum samples were collected and subjected to allergen‐specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) detection using the reversed enzyme allegro‐sorbent test. The allergens included Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus), Dermatophagoides farina (D. farina), Ambrosia artemisiifolia (A. artemisiifolia), Salix babylonica (S. babylonica), dog dander, alternaria, cockroach, Artemisia argyi (A. argyi), cat dander, house dust, milk, hen's egg, mutton, cod, peanut, beef, soybean, shrimp, crab, and wheat. Each participant was required to exhibit at least one positive sIgE detection result (≥0.35 IU/mL). The chi‐square test was used to analyze the differences between groups.ResultsThe positive sIgE proportion of inhalation allergens were significantly lower than that of ingestion allergens. As restrictions on outdoor activities and seafood imports persisted, the positive sIgE proportion of wheat and shrimp exhibited a significant decrease in the spring of 2021 compared to the corresponding period in 2020. Conversely, there was a substantial increase in the positive proportion of crab. The fluctuation in the ratio of D. pteronyssinus and D. farina appeared to be influenced more by seasonal factors rather than the COVID‐19 pandemic. However, no noteworthy disparities were observed in the proportions of other allergens.ConclusionThe alterations in allergen composition during the initial phase of the epidemic may be attributed to several factors, such as decreased travel, increased mask usage, reduced carbohydrate consumption, and changes in seafood consumption. However, factors such as season, cultural practices, and customs may also influence the composition of allergens.
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors signature reveal the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma energy metabolism phenotype and clinical outcome
Authors: Yao Yuan , Wang Di , Zhang Yu , Tang Qiaofei , Xu Zhi , Qin Lingshan , Qu Yonggang , Yan Zhiyong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeroxisome proliferator activating receptors (PPARs) are important regulators of nuclear hormone receptor function, and they play a key role in biological processes such as lipid metabolism, inflammation and cell proliferation. However, their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is unclear.MethodsWe used multiple datasets, including TCGA‐HNSC, GSE41613, GSE139324, PRJEB23709 and IMVigor, to perform a comprehensive analysis of PPAR‐related genes in HNSC. Single‐cell sequencing data were preprocessed using Seurat packets, and intercellular communication was analyzed using CellChat packets. Functional enrichment analysis of PPAR‐related genes was performed using ClusterProfile and GSEA. Prognostic models were constructed using LASSO and Cox regression models, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed using human protein mapping (The Human Protein Atlas).ResultsOur single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct cell populations in HNSC, with T cells having the most significant transcriptome differences between tumors and normal tissues. The PPAR features were higher in most cell types in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. We identified 17 PPAR‐associated differentially expressed genes between tumors and normal tissues. A prognostic model based on seven PPAR‐associated genes was constructed with high accuracy in predicting 1, 2 and 3 year survival in patients with HNSC. In addition, patients with a low risk score had a higher immune score and a higher proportion of T cells, CD8+ T cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes. They also showed higher immune checkpoint gene expression, suggesting that they might benefit from immunotherapy. PPAR‐related genes were found to be closely related to energy metabolism.ConclusionsOur study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of PPAR related genes in HNSC. The identified PPAR features and constructed prognostic models may serve as potential biomarkers for HNSC prognosis and treatment response. In addition, our study found that PPAR‐related genes can differentiate energy metabolism and distinguish energy metabolic heterogeneity in HNSC, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of HNSC progression and therapeutic response.
How and when abusive supervision leads to recovery activities: The recovery paradox and the conservation of resources perspectives
Authors: Tu Min‐Hsuan , Chi Nai‐Wen 
Published: November 2023

SummaryDecades of research have shown that abusive supervision hurts employees' well‐being. However, little is known about whether employees can recover from abuse during their leisure time. Building on the perspective of recovery paradox and the conservation of resources (COR) theory, we theorize that as an intense social stressor, daily abusive supervision depletes employees' resources and triggers their need for recovery, which in turn reduces physical and social recovery activities but increases low‐effort activities. We also propose that employees' extraversion influence employees' choices of recovery activities when facing a paradoxical recovery situation (i.e., feeling too exhausted to engage in active recovery activities. To test our hypotheses, we employed the experience sampling method to collect 1511 daily responses from 203 full‐time employees. The results of the multilevel path analyses indicated that (a) abusive supervision increased employees' need for recovery, which in turn increased next‐day positive moods via facilitating low‐effort activities, and reduced next‐day positive moods via inhibiting social activities; and (b) these indirect effects were strengthened for employees with lower (vs. higher) extraversion. Theoretical and practical implications are further discussed.