bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformative Response of Sheltering Structures Under the Debris Flow Impact
Authors: Gioffrè Domenico , Mandaglio Maria Clorinda , Ciurleo Mariantonietta , Moraci Nicola 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA relevant issue in the development of disaster risk reduction strategies is played by design of mitigation measures aimed at reducing risk to acceptable values. For rapid landslides, such as debris flows, sheltering structures are very common mitigation measures realized in exposed areas that allow to protect elements at risk and to stop flowing mass. For the design of these works, the debris flow–structure interaction mechanism is very important. The paper focuses on the evaluation of debris flow–structure interaction mechanism in earth reinforced embankments based on an uncoupled analysis of the interaction in two flow cases (dominant static and dynamic). In particular, a novel approach to evaluate the horizontal stress distribution at different time of the impact phenomenon along the upstream face height of deformable sheltering structures considering the dominant flow component has been proposed. First, impact force over the time against structure is calculated. Subsequently, assuming that debris flow is completely stopped by embankment according to a scheme of accumulation of material behind the obstacle, the deformative response of different geometrical types of embankment is obtained by FEM numerical analysis for considered flow cases. The results of numerical analyses are discussed in terms of horizontal displacements in different control points in sheltering structures. The analysis showed that the deformative response of two geometries of embankments depends on dominant static or dynamic components of impact force.
Monitoring and controlling of the micro-environment in a special exhibition in the Shanghai Museum
Authors: Shen Jingyi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMonitoring and controlling of the showcase environment in a special exhibition in Shanghai Museum are described in this work. The long show time started on March 2022 and ended on January 2023. Various items were shown in this exhibition with different combination modes. Air conditioners, humidifiers and three kinds of passive humidity controlling methods were applied to this exhibition. Massive raw monitoring data are given and some series of data are transformed into specific values to conduct various analyses. Factors including outdoor climate, exhibition hall structure, attendance, showcase structure, tightness and volume, monitor position and object combination modes are discussed in order to assess their effect on monitoring and controlling of temperature and relative humidity. The relation between the average value of temperature (or relative humidity) fluctuation in the whole exhibition period and the corresponding range of maximum temperature (or relative humidity) fluctuation in any 24 h is analyzed in order to obtain the probability of abnormally high fluctuation. The results show that the temperature control target is reached in general, while some unreasonable showcase structures and settings are responsible for the difficulty in monitoring and controlling of relative humidity. By conducting the analysis of big continuous historical data and learning the average values and the ranges reached, it is possible to assess the current environmental risk and predict the future risk in a simple way.
New method of using a convolutional neural network for 2D intraprostatic tumor segmentation from PET images
Authors: Rainio Oona , Lahti Jari , Anttinen Mikael , Ettala Otto , Seppänen Marko , Boström Peter , Kemppainen Jukka , Klén Riku 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A new method of using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to perform automatic tumor segmentation from two-dimensional transaxial slices of positron emission tomography (PET) images of high-risk primary prostate cancer patients is introduced.

Methods
We compare three different methods including (1) usual image segmentation with a CNN whose continuous output is converted to binary labels with a constant threshold, (2) our new technique of choosing separate thresholds for each image PET slice with a CNN to label the pixels directly from the PET slices, and (3) the combination of the two former methods based on using the second CNN to choose the optimal thresholds to convert the output of the first CNN. The CNNs are trained and tested multiple times by using a data set of 864 slices from the PET images of 78 prostate cancer patients.

Results
According to our results, the Dice scores computed from the predictions of the second method are statistically higher than those of the typical image segmentation (p-value<0.002).

Conclusion
The new method of choosing unique thresholds to convert the pixels of the PET slices directly into binary tumor masks is not only faster and more computationally efficient but also yields better results.
Cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine: current status and future directions
Authors: Wsół Agnieszka 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPsychedelics are powerful psychoactive substances that alter perception and mood processes. Their effectiveness in the treatment of psychiatric diseases was known before their prohibition. An increasing number of recent studies, due to the indisputable resurgence of serotonergic hallucinogens, have shown their efficacy in alleviating depression, anxiety, substance abuse therapies, and existential distress treatment in patients facing life-threatening illness. Psychedelics are generally considered to be physiologically safe with low toxicity and low addictive potential. However, their agonism at serotonergic receptors should be considered in the context of possible serotonin-related cardiotoxicity (5-HT2A/2B and 5-HT4 receptors), influence on platelet aggregation (5-HT2A receptor), and their proarrhythmic potential. The use of psychedelics has also been associated with significant sympathomimetic effects in both experimental and clinical studies. Therefore, the present review aims to provide a critical discussion of the cardiovascular safety of psilocybin, d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca, and mescaline, based on the results of experimental research and clinical trials in humans. Experimental studies provide inconsistent information on the potential cardiovascular effects and toxicity of psychedelics. Data from clinical trials point to the relative cardiovascular safety of psychedelic-assisted therapies in the population of “healthy” volunteers. However, there is insufficient evidence from therapies carried out with microdoses of psychedelics, and there is still a lack of data on the safety of psychedelics in the population of patients with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the exact determination of the cardiovascular safety of psychedelic therapies (especially long-term therapies) requires further research.
Responsiveness to Coethnics and Cominorities: Evidence from an Audit Experiment of State Legislators
Authors: Rivera-Burgos Viviana , Rubio Julia María 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHow do legislators respond to coethnic and cominority constituents? We conduct an audit study of all state legislators to explore white legislators’ responsiveness to different minority groups and minority group legislators’ responsiveness to each other. Black and Latino Americans currently make up about one-third of the overall U.S. population and an even larger share of some state populations. In light of this growing diversification of the American electorate, legislators may have incentives to appeal to a broad racial constituency. In our experiment, state legislators are randomly assigned to receive an email from a white, Black, or Latino constituent. Our findings suggest a lack of legislators’ discrimination, on average, against Black relative to white constituents. Instead, we find that all legislators, on average, respond more to both white and Black constituents relative to Latinos. The evidence suggests that Black legislators do not exhibit coethnic solidarity toward their Black constituents or cominority solidarity toward their Latino constituents; however, Latinos do exhibit coethnic and cominority solidarity (though there are too few Latino legislators to definitively establish this claim). We also estimate effects among white legislators by party and racial composition of districts in order to provide suggestive evidence for white legislators’ intrinsic vs. strategic motivations.
The immigrant versus the state: The marginal contribution of tribunal judges to administrative justice
Authors: Tomkinson Sule , Paquet Mireille , Robert Laurence 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdministrative tribunal judges determine rights and entitlements regarding bureaucratic decisions. In immigration appeal cases, they review negative decisions of permanent residency acquisition and family reunification. Based on an analysis of all immigration appeal decisions in Canada’s Quebec province over a period of twenty-three years, we find that tribunal judges confirm the bureaucratic decision in the vast majority of cases, noting the migrants’ inability to meet the annual income requirements, and rarely reverse the decision in favour of migrants. Documenting the marginal contribution of tribunal judges to promoting administrative justice, this article contributes to the debate on whether and how courts can advance immigrants’ rights.
Highly sensitive flexible heat flux sensor based on a microhole array for ultralow to high temperatures
Authors: Li Le , Tian Bian , Zhang Zhongkai , Shi Meng , Liu Jiangjiang , Liu Zhaojun , Lei Jiaming , Li Shuimin , Lin Qijing , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the growing demand for thermal management of electronic devices, cooling of high-precision instruments, and biological cryopreservation, heat flux measurement of complex surfaces and at ultralow temperatures has become highly imperative. However, current heat flux sensors (HFSs) are commonly used in high-temperature scenarios and have problems when applied in low-temperature conditions, such as low sensitivity and embrittlement. In this study, we developed a flexible and highly sensitive HFS that can operate at ultralow to high temperatures, ranging from −196 °C to 273 °C. The sensitivities of HFSs with thicknesses of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm, which are efficiently manufactured by the screen-printing method, reach 11.21 μV/(W/m2) and 13.43 μV/(W/m2), respectively. The experimental results show that there is a less than 3% resistance change from bending to stretching. Additionally, the HFS can measure heat flux in both exothermic and absorptive cases and can measure heat flux up to 25 kW/m2. Additionally, we demonstrate the application of the HFS to the measurement of minuscule heat flux, such as heat dissipation of human skin and cold water. This technology is expected to be used in heat flux measurements at ultralow temperatures or on complex surfaces, which has great importance in the superconductor and cryobiology field.
Efficacy and safety of zuranolone co-initiated with an antidepressant in adults with major depressive disorder: results from the phase 3 CORAL study
Authors: Parikh Sagar V. , Aaronson Scott T. , Mathew Sanjay J. , Alva Gustavo , DeBattista Charles , Kanes Stephen , Lasser Robert , Bullock Amy , Kotecha Mona , Jung JungAh , Forrestal Fiona , Jonas Jeff , Vera Theresa , Leclair Bridgette , Doherty James 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental health disorder that can cause disability and functional impairment that standard-of-care (SOC) antidepressant therapies (ADTs) can take weeks to treat. Zuranolone is a neuroactive steroid and positive allosteric modulator of synaptic and extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptors approved as an oral, once-daily, 14-day treatment course in adults with postpartum depression and under investigation in adults with MDD. The phase 3 CORAL Study (NCT04476030) evaluated the efficacy and safety of zuranolone 50 mg co-initiated with SOC ADT (zuranolone+ADT) vs placebo co-initiated with SOC ADT (placebo+ADT) in adults with MDD. Patients were randomized 1:1 to once-daily, blinded zuranolone+ADT or placebo+ADT for 14 days, then continued open-label SOC ADT for 28 more days. The primary endpoint was change from baseline (CFB) in the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) total score at Day 3. Among 425 patients in the full analysis set, CFB in HAMD-17 total score at Day 3 was significantly improved with zuranolone+ADT vs placebo+ADT (least squares mean [standard error], −8.9 [0.39] vs −7.0 [0.38]; p = 0.0004). The majority of patients receiving zuranolone+ADT that experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported mild or moderate events. The most common TEAEs present in ≥10% of patients in either zuranolone+ADT or placebo+ADT groups were somnolence, dizziness, headache, and nausea. These results demonstrate that zuranolone+ADT provided more rapid improvement in depressive symptoms compared with placebo+ADT in patients with MDD, with a safety profile consistent with previous studies. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04476030.
PTEN-regulated PI3K-p110 and AKT isoform plasticity controls metastatic prostate cancer progression
Authors: Miller Karina A. , Degan Seamus , Wang Yanqing , Cohen Joseph , Ku Sheng Yu , Goodrich David W. , Gelman Irwin H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPTEN loss, one of the most frequent mutations in prostate cancer (PC), is presumed to drive disease progression through AKT activation. However, two transgenic PC models with Akt activation plus Rb loss exhibited different metastatic development: Pten/RbPE:−/− mice produced systemic metastatic adenocarcinomas with high AKT2 activation, whereas RbPE:−/− mice deficient for the Src-scaffolding protein, Akap12, induced high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias and indolent lymph node dissemination, correlating with upregulated phosphotyrosyl PI3K-p85α. Using PC cells isogenic for PTEN, we show that PTEN-deficiency correlated with dependence on both p110β and AKT2 for in vitro and in vivo parameters of metastatic growth or motility, and with downregulation of SMAD4, a known PC metastasis suppressor. In contrast, PTEN expression, which dampened these oncogenic behaviors, correlated with greater dependence on p110α plus AKT1. Our data suggest that metastatic PC aggressiveness is controlled by specific PI3K/AKT isoform combinations influenced by divergent Src activation or PTEN-loss pathways.
Long-term immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children and adolescents
Authors: Messiah Sarah E. , Talebi Yashar , Swartz Michael D. , Sabharwal Rachit , Han Haoting , Bergqvist Emma , Kohl Harold W. , Valerio-Shewmaker Melissa , DeSantis Stacia M. , Yaseen Ashraf , Kelder Steven H. , Ross Jessica , Padilla Lindsay N. , Gonzalez Michael O. , Wu Leqing , Lakey David , Shuford Jennifer A. , Pont Stephen J. , Boerwinkle Eric 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This analysis examined the durability of antibodies present after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in children and adolescents.

Methods
Data were collected over 4 time points between October 2020-November 2022 as part of a prospective population-based cohort aged 5-to-19 years (N = 810). Results of the (1) Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoassay for detection of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (Roche N-test); and (2) qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of antibodies to the SARS CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (Roche S-test); and (3) self-reported antigen/PCR COVID-19 test results, vaccination and symptom status were analyzed.

Results
N antibody levels reached a median of 84.10 U/ml (IQR: 20.2, 157.7) cutoff index (COI) ~ 6 months post-infection and increased slightly to a median of 85.25 (IQR: 28.0, 143.0) COI at 12 months post-infection. Peak S antibody levels were reached at a median of 2500 U/mL ~6 months post-vaccination and remained for ~12 months (mean 11.6 months, SD 1.20).

Conclusions
This analysis provides evidence of robust durability of nucleocapsid and spike antibodies in a large pediatric sample up to 12 months post-infection/vaccination. This information can inform pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccination schedules.

Impact

This study provided evidence of robust durability of both nucleocapsid and spike antibodies in a large pediatric sample up to 12 months after infection.

Little is known about the long-term durability of natural and vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the pediatric population. Here, we determined the durability of anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-test) and nucleocapsid protein (N-test) in children/adolescents after SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination lasts at least up to 12 months.

This information can inform future SARS-CoV-2 vaccination schedules in this age group.
DNAJA4 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via PSMD2-mediated MYH9 degradation
Authors: Zhang Qun , Feng Ping , Zhu Xun-Hua , Zhou Shi-Qing , Ye Ming-Liang , Yang Xiao-Jing , Gong Sha , Huang Sheng-Yan , Tan Xi-Rong , He Shi-Wei , Li Ying-Qing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that DNA methylation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). DNAJA4 is hypermethylated in NPC, while its role in regulating NPC progression remains unclear. Here, we revealed that the promoter of DNAJA4 was hypermethylated and its expression was downregulated in NPC tissues and cells. Overexpression of DNAJA4 significantly suppressed NPC cell migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro, and markedly inhibited the inguinal lymph node metastasis and lung metastatic colonization in vivo, while it did not affect NPC cell viability and proliferation capability. Mechanistically, DNAJA4 facilitated MYH9 protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by recruiting PSMD2. Furthermore, the suppressive effects of DNAJA4 on NPC cell migration, invasion, and EMT were reversed by overexpression of MYH9 in NPC cells. Clinically, a low level of DNAJA4 indicated poor prognosis and an increased probability of distant metastasis in NPC patients. Collectively, DNAJA4 serves as a crucial driver for NPC invasion and metastasis, and the DNAJA4-PSMD2-MYH9 axis might contain potential targets for NPC treatments.
Enhanced adhesion of PEDOT:PSS to substrates using polydopamine as a primer
Authors: Carter Joseph L. , Kelly Catherine A. , Jenkins Mike J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUtilization of the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS in flexible optoelectronic devices is hindered by poor adhesion to flexible, polymer-based substrates. In this communication, the ability of poly(dopamine) (PDA) to act as a primer and improve adhesion is probed. The presence of hydrophilic PDA on the surface of the substrate increased the wettability of polypropylene (PP); however, it was reduced for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Despite this, PDA was established as an effective primer to improve the quality and adhesion of pristine PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS/Tween 80 films on glass, PP and PET substrates. In addition, PDA did not negatively impact the sheet resistance of the PEDOT:PSS/Tween 80 films, indicating its suitability as a primer in flexible optoelectronic devices.
Enhanced brain structure-function tethering in transmodal cortex revealed by high-frequency eigenmodes
Authors: Yang Yaqian , Zheng Zhiming , Liu Longzhao , Zheng Hongwei , Zhen Yi , Zheng Yi , Wang Xin , Tang Shaoting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhile the link between brain structure and function remains an ongoing challenge, the prevailing hypothesis is that the structure-function relationship may itself be gradually decoupling from unimodal to transmodal cortex. However, this hypothesis is constrained by the underlying models which may neglect requisite information. Here we relate structural and functional connectivity derived from diffusion and functional MRI through orthogonal eigenmodes governing frequency-specific diffusion patterns. We find that low-frequency eigenmodes contribute little to functional interactions in transmodal cortex, resulting in divergent structure-function relationships. Conversely, high-frequency eigenmodes predominantly support neuronal coactivation patterns in these areas, inducing structure-function convergence along a unimodal-transmodal hierarchy. High-frequency information, although weak and scattered, could enhance the structure-function tethering, especially in transmodal association cortices. Our findings suggest that the structure-function decoupling may not be an intrinsic property of brain organization, but can be narrowed through multiplexed and regionally specialized spatiotemporal propagation regimes.
An ancient river landscape preserved beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: Jamieson Stewart S. R. , Ross Neil , Paxman Guy J. G. , Clubb Fiona J. , Young Duncan A. , Yan Shuai , Greenbaum Jamin , Blankenship Donald D. , Siegert Martin J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) has its origins ca. 34 million years ago. Since then, the impact of climate change and past fluctuations in the EAIS margin has been reflected in periods of extensive vs. restricted ice cover and the modification of much of the Antarctic landscape. Resolving processes of landscape evolution is therefore critical for establishing ice sheet history, but it is rare to find unmodified landscapes that record past ice conditions. Here, we discover an extensive relic pre-glacial landscape preserved beneath the central EAIS despite millions of years of ice cover. The landscape was formed by rivers prior to ice sheet build-up but later modified by local glaciation before being dissected by outlet glaciers at the margin of a restricted ice sheet. Preservation of the relic surfaces indicates an absence of significant warm-based ice throughout their history, suggesting any transitions between restricted and expanded ice were rapid.
Invasive Californian death caps develop mushrooms unisexually and bisexually
Authors: Wang Yen-Wen , McKeon Megan C. , Elmore Holly , Hess Jaqueline , Golan Jacob , Gage Hunter , Mao William , Harrow Lynn , Gonçalves Susana C. , Hull Christina M. , Pringle Anne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCanonical sexual reproduction among basidiomycete fungi involves the fusion of two haploid individuals of different mating types, resulting in a heterokaryotic mycelial body made up of genetically different nuclei. Using population genomics data and experiments, we discover mushrooms of the invasive and deadlyAmanita phalloidescan also be homokaryotic; evidence of sexual reproduction by single, unmated individuals. In California, genotypes of homokaryotic mushrooms are also found in heterokaryotic mushrooms, implying nuclei of homokaryotic mycelia are also involved in outcrossing. We find death cap mating is controlled by a single mating type locus, but the development of homokaryotic mushrooms appears to bypass mating type gene control. Ultimately, sporulation is enabled by nuclei able to reproduce alone as well as with others, and nuclei competent for both unisexuality and bisexuality have persisted in invaded habitats for at least 17 but potentially as long as 30 years. The diverse reproductive strategies of invasive death caps are likely facilitating its rapid spread, suggesting a profound similarity between plant, animal and fungal invasions.