bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A composite gel polymer electrolyte for sodium metal battery at a wide temperature range
Authors: Chen Changmiao , Li Yuhang , Wang Chengrui , He Hongcheng , Liu Ming , He Yan‐Bing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSodium‐metal batteries (SMBs) are considered a promising alternative to lithium‐metal batteries due to their high‐energy density, low cost, and good low‐temperature performance. However, the serious side reactions and dendrites growth during the process of sodium ions deposition/stripping are the bottleneck that inhibits the further capitalization of SMBs, especially at low temperatures. Herein, a porous framework of 50 μm thickness composite gel‐polymer‐electrolyte (GPE) supported by polyvinylidene difluoride nanowires membrane and Na3Zr2Si2PO12 ceramic particles is proposed to tackle the issues. This GPE not only has high ionic conductivity but also can promote the uniform transportation of sodium ions to form a stable and dense metal‐GPE interfacial layer, which can effectively inhibit the side reactions and dendrites growth in a wide temperature range. The assembled Na//GPE//Na3V2(PO4)3 full battery provides a specific capacity of 100 mAh g−1 at 10 C for more than 3000 cycles calendar life at room temperature. Moreover, the full battery based on this GPE has an extraordinary performance at low temperatures, reaching a specific capacity of 93 and 61 mAh g−1 at 0.5 and 1 C at −20°C, respectively. This work provides a reliable solution for low‐temperature applications of high‐energy density and long‐cycle life SMBs.
Hypercrosslinked porous and coordination polymer materials for electrolyte membranes in lithium‐metal batteries
Authors: Zhang Mochun , Tan Rui , Wang Mengran , Zhang Zhian , John Low CheeTong , Lai Yanqing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) hold great promise for providing high‐energy density. However, their widespread commercial adoption has been inhibited by critical challenges, for example, the capacity fading from irreversible processes at electrolyte/electrode interfaces and safety concerns originating from the inhomogeneous lithium deposition. Polymer electrolytes benefiting from enhanced electrolyte/electrode contact and low interfacial impedance provide a variable solution to address these challenges and enable a high‐energy and flexible battery system. Although promising, inefficient bulky ionic conductivity and poor mechanical stability confront the stable operation of polymer electrolytes in tangible batteries, which highly requires the development of innovative polymer electrolyte chemistries. Among various polymer materials, microporous polymers stand out due to their abundant porosity and customizable micropore structure, positioning them as promising candidates for next‐generation electrolyte membranes. This review, therefore, summarizes recent advances in electrolyte membranes based on two new chemistries, hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) and porous coordination polymers (PCPs). Other microporous polymers, such as covalent organic polymers, porous organic cages, and polymers of intrinsic microporosity, are also discussed with an emphasis on their applications in LMBs. Most importantly, by reviewing the design strategies, synthesis protocols, and performance in LMBs, we gain insights into the design principles of high‐performance electrolyte membranes based on HCPs and PCPs and highlight potential future research directions.
Postmastectomy radiotherapy in breast reconstruction: Current controversies and trends
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Song Dandan , Xie Liangxi , Zhan Ning , Xie Wenjia , Zhang Jianming 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is an essential component of combined therapy for early‐stage, high‐risk breast cancer. Breast reconstruction (BR) is often considered for patients with breast cancer who have undergone mastectomy. There has been a considerable amount of discussion about the optimal approach to combining PMRT with BR in the treatment of breast cancer. PMRT may increase the risk of complications and prevent good aesthetic results after BR, while BR may increase the complexity of PMRT and the radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues. The purpose of this review is to give a broad overview and summary of the current controversies and trends in PMRT and BR in the context of the most recent literature available.
Clinical significance, molecular characterization, and immune microenvironment analysis of coagulation‐related genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Weihao , Zhao Xupeng , Lu Yongliang , Wang Hanfeng , Wang Xiyou , Wang Yi , Liang Chen , Jia Zhuomin , Ma Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies have revealed a tight connection between tumor development and the coagulation system. However, the effects of coagulation on the prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain poorly understood.MethodsWe employed the consensus clustering method to characterize distinct molecular subtypes associated with coagulation patterns. Subsequently, we examined variations in the overall survival (OS), genomic profiles, and TME characteristics between these subtypes. To develop a prognostic coagulation‐related risk score (CRRS) model, we utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and stepwise multivariate Cox regression analyses. We also created a nomogram to aid in the clinical application of the risk score, evaluating the relationships between the CRRS and the immune microenvironment, responsiveness to immunotherapy, and targeted treatment. The clinical significance of PLAUR and its biological function in ccRCC were also further analyzed.ResultsThere were significant differences in clinical features, prognostic stratification, genomic variation, and TME characteristics between the two coagulation‐related subtypes. We established and validated a CRRS using six coagulation‐related genes that can be employed as an effective indicator of risk stratification and prognosis estimation for ccRCC patients. Significant variations in survival outcomes were observed between the high‐ and low‐risk groups. The nomogram was proficient in predicting the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS. Additionally, the CRRS emerged as a novel tool for evaluating the clinical effectiveness of immunotherapy and targeted treatments in ccRCC. Moreover, we confirmed upregulated PLAUR expression in ccRCC samples that was significantly correlated with poor patient prognosis. PLAUR knockdown notably inhibited ccRCC cell proliferation and migration.ConclusionOur data suggested that CRRS may be employed as a reliable predictive biomarker that can provide therapeutic benefits for immunotherapy and targeted therapy in ccRCC.
Photoinduced Dual C−F Bond Activation of Hexafluorobenzene Mediated by Boron Atom
Authors: Deng Guohai , Medel Robert , Lu Yan , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe reaction of laser‐ablated boron atoms with hexafluorobenzene (C6F6) was investigated in neon and argon matrices, and the products are identified by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and quantum‐chemical calculations. The reaction is triggered by a boron atom insertion into one C−F bond of hexafluorobenzene on annealing, forming a fluoropentafluorophenyl boryl radical (A). UV‐Vis light irradiation of fluoropentafluorophenyl boryl radical causes generation of a 2‐difluoroboryl‐tetrafluorophenyl radical (B) via a second C−F bond activation. A perfluoroborepinyl radical (C) is also observed upon deposition and under UV‐Vis light irradiation. This finding reveals the new example of a dual C−F bond activation of hexafluorobenzene mediated by a nonmetal and provides a possible route for synthesis of new perfluorinated organo‐boron compounds.
Chrono‐nutrition for hypertension
Authors: Bohmke Natalie J. , Dixon Dave L. , Kirkman Danielle L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDespite the advancement in blood pressure (BP) lowering medications, uncontrolled hypertension persists, underscoring a stagnation of effective clinical strategies. Novel and effective lifestyle therapies are needed to prevent and manage hypertension to mitigate future progression to cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. Chrono‐nutrition, aligning the timing of eating with environmental cues and internal biological clocks, has emerged as a potential strategy to improve BP in high‐risk populations. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the circadian physiology of BP with an emphasis on renal and vascular circadian biology. The potential of Chrono‐nutrition as a lifestyle intervention for hypertension is discussed and current evidence for the efficacy of time‐restricted eating is presented.
Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, 3D‐QSAR, and molecular docking studies of novel L‐carvone‐derived pyrimidine‐urea compounds
Authors: Meng Yupei , Zhang Yunxue , Duan Wengui , Lin Guishan , Cui Yucheng , Li Baoyu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo explore novel natural product‐based nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds with antiproliferative activity, 20 L‐carvone‐derived pyrimidine‐urea compounds 4a–4t were synthesized through the multi‐step reaction of L‐carvone, and structurally characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), hydrogen‐1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), Carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR), and High‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Besides, the in vitro antiproliferative activity of the target compounds against HepG2, Hela, and MCF‐7 cells was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. According to the results, the target compounds showed certain inhibitory activities against the tested cancer cell lines, and five compounds (4b, 4h, 4k, 4l, and 4t) exhibited better inhibition activities against Hela cells than the positive control (5‐FU). Among them, compound 4b held significant antiproliferative activities against Hela and HepG2 cells, and thus deserved further study as a leading compound of new anticancer drugs. In addition, an effective and reasonable three‐dimensional quantitative structure‐activity relationships (3D‐QSAR) model was built by the Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) method to analyze the relationship between the structures of the target compounds and their antiproliferative activities (expressed as pIC50) against Hela cells, and proven to have good predictive ability. Molecular docking was carried out to study the possible binding modes of compound 4b and Survivin, and it was found that compound 4b could be well embedded into the active site, along with the formation of several hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
A clinician's guide to the 2023 VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
Authors: Lang Ariel J. , Hamblen Jessica L. , Holtzheimer Paul , Kelly Ursula , Norman Sonya B. , Riggs David , Schnurr Paula P. , Wiechers Ilse 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA clinical practice guideline (CPG) is a rigorously established set of recommendations based on currently available evidence about the efficacy, safety, acceptability, and feasibility of interventions to assist with clinical decision‐making. The 2023 Department of Veterans Affairs /Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder is described herein. The CPG recommendations are accompanied by a clinical algorithm, which incorporates principles of evidence‐based practice, shared decision‐making, and functional and contextual assessments of goals and outcomes. An overview of the CPG recommendations is combined with a discussion of questions that clinicians and patients may face in implementing the CPG and suggestions for how to effectively work with the CPG.
External validation of the Norwegian anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction revision prediction model using patients from the STABILITY 1 Trial
Authors: Martin R. Kyle , Marmura Hana , Wastvedt Solvejg , Pareek Ayoosh , Persson Andreas , Moatshe Gilbert , Bryant Dianne , Wolfson Julian , Engebretsen Lars , Getgood Alan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeA machine learning‐based anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) revision prediction model has been developed using Norwegian Knee Ligament Register (NKLR) data, but lacks external validation outside Scandinavia. This study aimed to assess the external validity of the NKLR model (https://swastvedt.shinyapps.io/calculator_rev/) using the STABILITY 1 randomized clinical trial (RCT) data set. The hypothesis was that model performance would be similar.MethodsThe NKLR Cox Lasso model was selected for external validation owing to its superior performance in the original study. STABILITY 1 patients with all five predictors required by the Cox Lasso model were included. The STABILITY 1 RCT was a prospective study which randomized patients to receive either a hamstring tendon autograft (HT) alone or HT plus a lateral extra‐articular tenodesis (LET). Since all patients in the STABILITY 1 trial received HT ± LET, three configurations were tested: 1: all patients coded as HT, 2: HT + LET group coded as bone‐patellar tendon‐bone (BPTB) autograft, 3: HT + LET group coded as unknown/other graft choice. Model performance was assessed via concordance and calibration.ResultsIn total, 591/618 (95.6%) STABILITY 1 patients were eligible for inclusion, with 39 undergoing revisions within 2 years (6.6%). Model performance was best when patients receiving HT + LET were coded as BPTB. Concordance was similar to the original NKLR prediction model for 1‐ and 2‐year revision prediction (STABILITY: 0.71; NKLR: 0.68–0.69). Concordance 95% confidence interval (CI) ranged from 0.63 to 0.79. The model was well calibrated for 1‐year prediction while the 2‐year prediction demonstrated evidence of miscalibration.ConclusionWhen patients in STABILITY 1 who received HT + LET were coded as BPTB in the NKLR prediction model, concordance was similar to the index study. However, due to a wide 95% CI, the true performance of the prediction model with this Canadian and European cohort is unclear and a larger data set is required to definitively determine the external validity. Further, better calibration for 1‐year predictions aligns with general prediction modelling challenges over longer periods. While not a large enough sample size to elicit the true accuracy and external validity of the prediction model when applied to North American patients, this analysis provides more support for the notion that HT plus LET performs similarly to BPTB reconstruction. In addition, despite the wide confidence interval, this study suggests optimism regarding the accuracy of the model when applied outside of Scandinavia.Level of EvidenceLevel 3, cohort study.
Numerical study on the churning power loss of spiral bevel gears at splash lubrication system
Authors: Hu Shuai , Gong Wuqi , Gui Peng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to predict the spiral bevel gear churning power loss, based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, the computational model for the splash lubrication of the spiral bevel gear pair is established and validated by experiments. The churning power loss of spiral bevel gears is obtained and the corresponding flow field distribution in the gearbox with a pair of spiral bevel gears is analysed under a standard operating condition. For the churning power loss of spiral bevel gears, the loss of teeth surface is mainly caused by pressure while the loss of gear side is mainly generated by the viscous force. The effects of the gear rotational speed, oil level, oil temperature and oil shroud on the churning loss are also investigated and analysed. Ultimately, an optimisation method is proposed for the original spiral bevel geared transmission.
The impact of visual perspectives in advertisements on access‐based products
Authors: Kou Sining , Duan Shen , Zhang Yiran (Eileen) , Wang Zhiling , Meng Lu (Monroe) 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigitalization has promoted the development of the sharing economy by facilitating exchanges that provide consumers with temporary access to products. Hence, enhancing consumers’ preference for access‐based products is critical for marketing practitioners and researchers. This study proposes an effective advertising strategy to enhance access‐based consumption based on the adoption of an appropriate visual perspective in advertising design. We demonstrate that advertisements that adopt a third‐person (first‐person) perspective increase (decrease) consumers’ preference for access‐based products. Mental simulation and psychological ownership mediate this effect; in addition, this effect is moderated by advertising appeal. Five empirical studies provide convergent evidence in support of the study's proposed hypotheses. These findings contribute to research on access‐based products and visual perspective and suggest innovative visual strategies for marketing practitioners.
Development of Composite Nanostructured Electrodes for Water Desalination via Membrane Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Bakola Veroniki , Kotrotsiou Olympia , Ntziouni Afroditi , Dragatogiannis Dimitris , Plakantonaki Niki , Trapalis Christos , Charitidis Costas , Kiparissides Costas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNovel two‐layer nanostructured electrodes are successfully prepared for their application in membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) processes. Nanostructured carbonaceous materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), as well as activated carbon (AC) are dispersed in a solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), mixed with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDMDAAC), and subsequently cast on the top surface of an AC‐based modified graphite electrode to form a thin composite layer that is cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is performed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the composite electrodes and desalination experiments are conducted in batch mode using a MCDI unit cell to investigate the effects of i) the nanostructured carbonaceous material, ii) its concentration in the polymer blend, and iii) the molecular weight of the polymers on the desalination efficiency of the system. Comparative studies with commercial membranes are performed proving that the composite nanostructured electrodes are more efficient in salt removal. The improved performance of the composite electrodes is attributed to the ion exchange properties of the selected polymers and the increased specific capacitance of the nanostructured carbonaceous materials. This research paves the way for wider application of MCDI in water desalination.
Climate policy uncertainty and regional innovation performance: New empirical evidence from the United States
Authors: Farooq Umar , Shafiq Muhammad Nouman , Subhani Bilal Haider , Gillani Seemab 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to explore the empirical relationship between climate policy uncertainty (CPU) and regional innovation performance. The empirical analysis was conducted on 36 years of available data over the period 1987 to 2022 in the United States (US). By using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model for regression analysis, we examine the impact of CPU on two crucial indicators of innovation, namely, research and development (R&D) expenditures and patent applications (PTA). The empirical analysis reveals a significant negative effect of CPU on both R&D expenditures and PTA, suggesting that higher levels of climate uncertainty may hinder innovation activities in the regional context. A high CPU introduces hesitancy and risk aversion, impacting the allocation of resources, confidence in markets, and the willingness of businesses to pursue innovative endeavors. The negative effect remains consistent even after the inclusion of several control variables and robustness checks. The findings underscore the significance of a stable and supportive policy environment and economic conditions in promoting innovation. Overall, this research provides valuable empirical evidence on the interplay between CPU and innovation outcomes, offering insights for policymakers, businesses, and researchers seeking to navigate the complexities of climate‐related challenges and their impact on innovation. We did not find any study exploring the comparable impact of CPU on innovation.
Design of silicon slab waveguides based all‐optical logic gates
Authors: Aggarwal Anmol , Mittal Ashi , Kalra Yogita 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLogic gates are an indispensable part of digital circuits, and therefore such devices with fast operating speeds and simple designs are vital for all kinds of electronic applications. This paper proposes simple Y‐shaped designs of all‐optical AND, OR, and NOT logic gates in two dimensions that are operational in both TE and TM modes. These gates are designed using silicon slab waveguides, which makes them relatively easy to fabricate. The logic gates are designed, analyzed, and optimized at 1.55 µm using the finite difference time domain method. The truth tables of the proposed all‐optical logic gates are realized for every input case. The propagation delay time is determined to be of the order of femtoseconds (10−15 s), which is very fast compared to the response time of the currently reported all‐optical logic gates (10−9 ‐ 10−12 s).
An E‐band 3D‐printed dielectric lens antenna with flat‐top beam designed by hybrid optimization algorithm
Authors: Zheng Xue‐mei , Peng Lin , Zhu Zhong‐bo , Liu Yan‐fang , Gao Shan‐shan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn all‐dielectric lens antenna (LA), with flat‐top radiation patterns in both E‐ and H‐planes, is proposed. The antenna covers the 64–70 GHz band. The dielectric LA consists of a source horn (LB‐12‐15‐A with WR12) and a dielectric lens. The lens is composed of multiple layers of dielectric rings with different heights. The structural parameters of the dielectric lens are optimized by a hybrid optimization algorithm (particle swarm optimization [PSO]‐genetic algorithm [GA]) that involves genetic operations of GA and PSO. The hybrid algorithm is beneficial to enhance the optimization efficiency, and an objective function is designed to optimize the beam width, theS11, and the sidelobe level (SLL). Both the simulated and measured results show that the dielectric LA provides good flat‐top radiation patterns within the desired band. Moreover, the dielectric lens is manufactured by three‐dimensional‐printed technology, which allows for low cost, easy manufacturing, and lightweight.
A novel design of an all‐optical D flip‐flop based on 2D photonic crystals
Authors: Parandin Fariborz , Sheykhian Arezoo , Askarian Asghar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we endeavored to create and simulate a D‐type flip‐flop utilizing two‐dimensional photonic crystals featuring a square lattice. This flip‐flop, composed of just two intersecting waveguides, is both compact and straightforward. Constructed from 10 × 10 dielectric rods suspended in air, it boasts low output power in logic mode 0, creating a significant distinction between optical powers in modes 0 and 1, lending it a logical aspect. Optimized for operation at a communication wavelength of 1.55 µm, this flip‐flop proves suitable for optical communication systems. The third window optical fiber communication system is suitable for 1.55 μm wavelength because the fiber has the lowest loss. Our analysis involved calculating the band structure via the plane wave expansion method and determining the optical power distribution using the finite difference time domain method.