bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emulsifying properties of O/W emulsion stabilized by soy protein isolate and γ‐polyglutamic acid electrostatic complex
Authors: Zhang Bei , Qi Lei , Xie Xinhua , Shen Yue , Li Jiahui , Zhang Bobo , Zhu Hongshuai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the emulsifying properties of soy protein around isoelectric point, soy protein isolate (SPI) and γ‐polyglutamic acid (γ‐PGA) complexes were prepared by electrostatic interaction. The formation of SPI–γ‐PGA electrostatic complex and emulsifying properties were investigated by monitoring turbidity, zeta potential, intrinsic fluorophores, emulsion characterization, and microstructure observation. The results showed that the formation of SPI–γ‐PGA electrostatic complex was identified through turbidimetric analysis and zeta‐potential measurement. Intrinsic fluorescence spectrum indicated internal structure changes of electrostatic complexes. Furthermore, SPI–γ‐PGA complex–stabilized emulsions showed better stability with small droplet sizes and slow growth as well as the uniform microstructure around the isoelectric point (pH 4.0–5.0) than SPI‐formed emulsions. Under the different thermal treatments and ionic strengths, emulsions stabilized by SPI–γ‐PGA‐soluble complex resulted in improved emulsion stability to environmental stresses. This may be attributed to the increased steric repulsion and electrostatic repulsion by SPI–γ‐PGA complexes at oil–water interfaces. The findings derived from this research would provide theoretical reference about SPI–γ‐PGA electrostatic complex that can be applied in acid beverages and developed a novel plant‐based sustainable stabilizer for emulsions.Practical ApplicationThe electrostatic interaction between SPI and γ‐PGA improved the emulsifying characteristics of soy protein around isoelectric point. The results derived from this research would expand applications of SPI–γ‐PGA‐soluble electrostatic complex that can be applied in acid beverages, as well as a novel plant‐based sustainable stabilizer for emulsions.
Efficacy and safety of short‐term edaravone or nerve growth factor add‐on therapy for alcohol‐related brain damage: A multi‐centre randomised control trial
Authors: Wang Hongxuan , Liu Lei , Zhou Xuhui , Guan Yanzhong , Li Yanfei , Chen Peiyun , Duan Ranran , Yang Weibian , Rong Xiaoming , Wu Chengji , Yang Jianzhong , Yang Mei , Jia Yanjie , Hu Jian , Zhu Xiaofeng , Peng Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsTo measure the therapeutic effect of an anti‐oxidant, edaravone (EDV), or neurotrophic treatment with nerve growth factor (NGF) as an add‐on treatment for alcohol‐related brain damage (ARBD).DesignMulti‐centre, randomised, single‐blinded, comparative clinical trial.Setting and participantsOne hundred and twenty‐two inpatients recruited from seven hospitals in different regions of China, all diagnosed with ARBD and aged 18 to 65 years old; among them, only two were female.Intervention and comparatorPatients were randomly assigned to receive one of three treatments for 2 weeks: 40 patients, treatment as usual (TAU: a combination of intramuscular injections of thiamine, intravenous infusions of other B vitamins with vitamin C and oral medication with vitamin E per day); 40, EDV add‐on treatment to TAU (intravenous infusion with 30 mg of EDV twice per day); and 42, NGF add‐on treatment to TAU (intramuscular injection of 20 μg of NGF per day). The patients underwent follow‐up for 24 weeks.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was the composite score of executive cognitive function in the 2nd week after treatment, which was measured as the mean of the Z scores of the assessments, including the digit symbol substitute test (DSST), digit span memory test‐forward (DST‐F), digit span memory test‐reverse (DST‐R) and space span memory test (SSMT). The secondary outcomes were the composite scores at later follow‐ups, the score for each component of cognitive function, global cognitive function measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), craving for alcohol and the safety of the therapies.FindingsEDV add‐on treatment improved the composite score of executive cognitive function better than TAU in the 2nd week (adjusted mean difference: 0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.41; P = 0.008), but NGF add‐on treatment did not (adjusted mean difference: 0.07, 95% confidence interval −0.09 to 0.24; P = 0.502). During the follow‐up to 24 weeks, EDV add‐on treatment improved the composite score of executive cognitive function and DST‐R score better than TAU (both P < 0.01). Craving for alcohol was relieved in all three groups. No severe adverse events were observed.ConclusionThe short‐term addition of edaravone to supplementary therapy treatment for alcohol‐related brain damage (ARBD) improved executive cognitive function in patients with ARBD.
PASS‐ALL study of paediatric‐inspired versus adult chemotherapy regimens on survival of high‐risk Philadelphia‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wang Zhixiang , Fan Zhiping , Wu Zhengwei , Xuan Li , Li Xin , Tang Bingqing , Liu Yiqian , He Jiabao , Huang Kangyu , Zhou Xuan , Gao Ya , Wang Qiang , Li Xiaofang , Lin Ren , Xu Na , Huang Feng , Wang Shunqing , Liang Xingquan , Zhang Jingdong , Liu Xiaoli , Sun Jing , Liu Qifa , Zhou Hongsheng 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThis PASS‐ALL study was designed to explore the effect of paediatric‐inspired versus adult chemotherapy regimens on survival of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with high‐risk Philadelphia chromosome‐negative B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (HR PH‐ve B‐cell ALL) eligible for allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). The PASS‐ALL study is a multicentre, observational cohort study, and 143 patients with HR B‐cell PH‐ve ALL were enrolled from five centres—77 patients allocated in the paediatric‐inspired cohort and 66 in the adult cohort with comparable baseline characteristics. Of the 143 patients, 128 cases underwent allo‐HSCT. Three‐year leukaemia‐free survival (LFS) in the paediatric‐inspired cohort was 72.2% (95% CI 60.8%–83.6%) compared with 44.6% (95% CI 31.9%–57.3%; p = 0.001). Furthermore, time‐to‐positive minimal residual disease (TTP‐MRD) post‐HSCT was marked different, 3‐year cumulative incidence of relapse was 25.9% (95% CI 15.8%–37.2%) in paediatric cohort and 45.4% (95% CI 40.0%–57.9%) in adult cohort (p = 0.026). Finally, the 3‐year OS rate was 75.3% (95% CI 64.9%–85.7%) for the paediatric‐inspired cohort and 64.1% (95% CI 51.8%–76.4%) for the adult cohort (p = 0.074). On a multivariate analysis, paediatric‐inspired regimen is a predictive factor for LFS (HR = 2.540, 95% CI 1.327–4.862, p = 0.005). Collectively, our data suggest that paediatric‐inspired chemotherapy pre‐HSCT results in deeper and durable MRD response reduces relapse post‐HSCT and improves survival in HR B‐cell PH‐ve ALL patients with allo‐HSCT.
Maxillary bone augmentation with calvarial bone graft for immediate full‐arch rehabilitation: Insights from a 10‐year proof‐of‐concept retrospective analysis
Authors: Diez‐Fraile Araceli , Barbier Lieven , Abeloos Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveEvaluate the long‐term outcomes of full‐arch rehabilitation using immediate dental implant placement and continuous functional loading with full‐fixed dental prostheses (FFDPs).Materials and MethodsFifty‐six patients received temporary implants (n = 327) at maxillary augmentation with calvarial bone. A provisional acrylic FFDP was immediately loaded onto these implants. After 6 months, the temporary implants were replaced with definitive implants (n = 326) and immediately loaded with a second provisional FFDP (N = 55). Subsequently, a baseline radiograph was taken following a 6‐month healing period. The second bridge was then substituted with a definitive FFDP. Primary outcomes included peri‐implant marginal bone level (MBL) and definitive implant survival. Secondary outcomes evaluated provisional implant and prostheses survival, complications, and patient satisfaction.ResultsThe provisional implants had a survival rate of 97.9%. One patient was excluded from further analysis due to loss of temporary implants and first FFDP. The definitive implant survival rate after 10 years was 92.2%, with a moderate but significant decrease in MBL between baseline radiography and 10 years later (−0.08 ± 0.18 vs. −0.24 ± 0.44). However, large individual variations were observed, with 65.8% of implants showing no bone loss and 9.2% showing loss ≥0.5 mm. Sinusitis was experienced by 14.3% of patients upon surgery. Patient satisfaction was high or reported no issues after protocol completion (80%). One patient lost all six definitive implants and definitive FFDP 8.2 years after implant placement.ConclusionsThe described protocol can be regarded as a long‐term, highly successful method for full‐arch rehabilitation of atrophied maxillae while enabling continuous masticatory and speaking functionality.
Using the IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa to inform decision‐making
Authors: Kumschick Sabrina , Bertolino Sandro , Blackburn Tim M. , Brundu Giuseppe , Costello Katie E. , de Groot Maarten , Evans Thomas , Gallardo Belinda , Genovesi Piero , Govender Tanushri , Jeschke Jonathan M. , Lapin Katharina , Measey John , Novoa Ana , Nunes Ana L. , Probert Anna F. , Pyšek Petr , Preda Cristina , Rabitsch Wolfgang , Roy Helen E. , Smith Kevin G. , Tricarico Elena , Vilà Montserrat , Vimercati Giovanni , Bacher Sven 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) is an important tool for biological invasion policy and management and has been adopted as an International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) standard to measure the severity of environmental impacts caused by organisms living outside their native ranges. EICAT has already been incorporated into some national and local decision‐making procedures, making it a particularly relevant resource for addressing the impact of non‐native species. Recently, some of the underlying conceptual principles of EICAT, particularly those related to the use of the precautionary approach, have been challenged. Although still relatively new, guidelines for the application and interpretation of EICAT will be periodically revisited by the IUCN community, based on scientific evidence, to improve the process. Some of the criticisms recently raised are based on subjectively selected assumptions that cannot be generalized and may harm global efforts to manage biological invasions. EICAT adopts a precautionary principle by considering a species’ impact history elsewhere because some taxa have traits that can make them inherently more harmful. Furthermore, non‐native species are often important drivers of biodiversity loss even in the presence of other pressures. Ignoring the precautionary principle when tackling the impacts of non‐native species has led to devastating consequences for human well‐being, biodiversity, and ecosystems, as well as poor management outcomes, and thus to significant economic costs. EICAT is a relevant tool because it supports prioritization and management of non‐native species and meeting and monitoring progress toward the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) Target 6.
Guanylate‐binding protein 5‐mediated cell‐autonomous immunity suppresses inflammation in dental pulpitis: An in vitro study
Authors: Huang Minchun , Zhan Chaoning , Yang Bo , Lu Yanli , Yang Xiaojun , Hou Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimGuanylate‐binding protein 5 (GBP5) is an interferon (IFN)‐inducible GTPase that plays a crucial role in the cell‐autonomous immune response against microbial infections. In this study, we investigated the immunoregulatory role of GBP5 in the pathogenesis of dental pulpitis.MethodologyGene‐set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was utilized to evaluate the IFN‐γ signalling pathway, and the differential expression of GBP mRNA in normal versus inflamed dental pulp tissues was screened, based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets associated with pulpitis. Both normal pulp tissues and inflamed pulp tissues were used for experiments. The expression of IFNs and GBPs was determined by qRT–PCR. Immunoblotting and double immunofluorescence were performed to examine the cellular localization of GBP5 in dental pulp tissues. For the functional studies, IFN‐γ priming or lentivirus vector‐delivered shRNA was used to, respectively, overexpress or knock down endogenous GBP5 expression in human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). Subsequently, LPS was used to stimulate HDPSCs (overexpressing or with knocked‐down GBP5) to establish an in vitro model of inflammation. qRT–PCR and ELISA were employed to examine the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐1β) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). Every experiment has three times of biological replicates and three technical replicates, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t‐test and one‐way ANOVA, and a p‐value of <.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsGSEA analysis based on the GEO dataset revealed a significant activation of the IFN‐γ signalling pathway in the human pulpitis group. Among the human GBPs evaluated, GBP5 was selectively upregulated in inflamed dental pulp tissues and predominantly expressed in dental pulp cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that IFN‐γ robustly induced the expression of GBP5 in HDPSCs. Knockdown of GBP5 expression in HDPSCs significantly amplified the LPS‐induced upregulation of inflammatory mediators (IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐1β and COX2) both with and without IFN‐γ priming.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that GBP5 partook in the pathogenesis of dental pulpitis. The involvement of GBP5 in pulpitis appeared to coordinate the regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of GBP5 contributed to the exacerbation of LPS‐mediated inflammation.
Gender, society and mental health: The moderated mediating role of depression and gender on national resilience and life satisfaction among emerging adults
Authors: Cleofas Jerome Visperas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent threats to human security (i.e., COVID‐19 pandemic, conflicts, climate change events) call for nurses to have an increased understanding of how sociopolitical environments induce mental health problems and impact the well‐being of citizens. This study examines the relationship between national resilience and life satisfaction among Filipino emerging adults, how depression mediates this relationship, and how these correlations are moderated by gender. Drawing from an online survey sample of 1020 Filipino emerging adults (18–29 years old), this cross‐sectional study utilised a moderated mediation analysis. Key constructs were measured using the short version of the National Resilience Scale (NR‐13), the depression component of the Kessler Psychological Distress (K10) scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Gender was measured as sex assigned at birth. Descriptive results show that more than half of the respondents are female (64.2%) and demonstrate below‐average levels of national resilience and depression, and high levels of life satisfaction. Also, findings indicate that depression has significant negative relationships with, and partially mediates the positive relationship between national resilience and life satisfaction. Moreover, moderation analysis results suggest that being female synergizes the negative relationship between depression and life satisfaction, and being male strengthens the positive relationship between national resilience and life satisfaction (p < 0.01). The results highlight how the national resilience of emerging adults neutralises their risk for depression and, ultimately, improves life satisfaction. Moreover, the findings emphasise the importance of nursing advocacy actions to ensure that social policies for improving public mental health are gender‐sensitive, given that macro‐social and psychological factors have varied effects on individuals' lives based on gender.
The public image of nursing during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yavaş Gamze , Özerli Ayla Nur 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study was conducted to assess the public image of the nursing profession during the COVID‐19 pandemic.BackgroundBefore the COVID‐19 pandemic, the public was not as aware of the significance and indispensability of nursing. However, with the pandemic, the importance of nursing has gained prominence on national and international platforms.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. The study sample consisted of participants aged 18 and over who were Turkish speakers from seven regions of Turkey. Data were collected between May and July 2021 using an online survey, Image Scale for the Nursing Profession (ISNP), and Personal Information Form.ResultsFive hundred and two individuals participated in the study. The average ISNP scores of the participants were 150.09 ± 9.62. It was found that participants who had a healthcare‐related occupation and were satisfied with the nursing care they received in the hospital had statistically higher ISNP total scores (p = 0.006, p = 0.000), respectively. The study revealed that the value, respect, and trust given to nurses increased with the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionThe results suggest a notable enhancement in the public's view of the nursing profession amid the COVID‐19 pandemic.Implications for nursing and health policiesDeveloping promotional strategies for the nursing profession is crucial to enhance the public perception of the nursing profession. These strategies can help the public better understand and appreciate the nursing profession and the role of nurses in society. This requires the support of nurses, nursing educators, nurse managers, and policymakers.
Orofacial signs of child or adolescent maltreatment identified by dentists and dental hygienists: A scoping review
Authors: Håkstad Katrine , Fegran Liv , Hovden Ewa , Köpp Unni Mette Stamnes 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChild maltreatment, the abuse or neglect of children aged 0–18 years, is a severe and underreported global problem. Compared with other body parts, the orofacial region displays more signs of child maltreatment. Dentists and dental hygienists are therefore well situated to identify orofacial signs of child maltreatment.AimTo map the current literature on orofacial signs of child maltreatment identified by dentists or dental hygienists.DesignA scoping review was conducted based on systematic searches of Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCOhost) for primary qualitative and quantitative studies through June 6, 2022.ResultsTwenty‐nine studies were included in this scoping review. Though all child maltreatment types were identified in dental settings, physical abuse and dental neglect were most commonly identified. Reports of caries dominated the orofacial signs, followed by bruises (intra‐ and extraoral), poor oral hygiene, dental trauma, and lacerations (intra‐ and extraoral). Case reports were used most commonly to describe orofacial signs of child maltreatment.ConclusionDental clinicians identify orofacial signs of all child maltreatment types intraorally. Dentists identify the same extraoral signs as do other healthcare professionals, with bruising being the most common.
Application of direct observation of operational skills in nursing skill evaluation of pressure injury: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Wei‐ying , Peng Youqing , Zhuang Hui‐ren , Yu Hai‐ping , Liu Qin , Gu Yingjie , Yao Jiali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis was a non‐blinded, single‐centre, randomized, controlled clinical trial that compared the effectiveness of direct observation of procedural skills (DOPSs)with traditional assessment methods in pressure injury (PI) care skills. The study population included 82 nursing professionals randomly assigned to the study group (n = 41) and the control group (n = 41). Both groups of nurses underwent a 6‐month training in PI care skills and were subsequently evaluated. The main outcome variables were the PI skill operation scores and theoretical scores. Secondary outcome variables included satisfaction and critical thinking abilities. Independent sample t‐tests and chi‐square tests were used to assess differences between the two groups of nurses. The results showed no statistically significant difference in PI skill operation scores between the two groups of nurses (p > 0.05). When comparing the PI theoretical scores, the study group scored higher than the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In terms of satisfaction assessment, the study group and the control group showed differences in improving self‐directed learning, enhancing communication skills with patients, improving learning outcomes and increasing flexibility in clinical application (p < 0.05). When comparing critical thinking abilities between the two groups of nurses, there was no statistically significant difference at the beginning of the training, but after 3 months following the training, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.01).The results indicated that the DOPS was effective in improving PI theoretical scores, increasing nurse satisfaction with the training and enhancing critical thinking abilities among nurses.
Cost analysis of a rural family treatment court: Is this enhanced approach “worth it”?
Authors: Sieger Margaret Lloyd , Nichols Cynthia , Becker Jessica , Brook Jody 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe rate of children entering foster care due to parental substance use continues to climb, particularly in rural areas. States and localities grappling with how to best serve these cases may be interested in implementing family treatment courts (FTC) but unsure of the return on investment for this enhanced approach. The few existing cost analyses of FTC focus primarily on large programs in urban settings. We present findings from a 4‐year quasi‐experimental study of a Midwestern rural FTC and conduct a cost analysis of observed effects on time in foster care. Using survival analyses to capture daily differences in permanency rates between groups and calculating the integral of the difference between survival curves, we observed that treatment group children spent, on average, 361 fewer days in care compared to children in the traditional system. The difference between FTC implementation costs and daily foster care costs avoided for the 91 treatment group children was estimated at over $26,000 per child served.
The cost of closed doors: Media access to dependency courts linked to indicators of accountability and public awareness
Authors: Witkin Nathan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGiven the broad consensus about protecting children from abuse and neglect and safeguarding parental rights, the scarcity of funding for the US child welfare system indicates a lack of public awareness into child dependency as a pervasive social problem. The contribution of closed dependency courts to this public disengagement is measurable in state‐level differences in child welfare outcomes. By comparing states with open versus closed dependency courts, this study tests whether media and public access to hearings is associated with greater public awareness, measured in more state and local funding for child protective services, and greater accountability, measured in lower rates of child fatalities.