bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denoising autoencoder genetic programming: strategies to control exploration and exploitation in search
Authors: Wittenberg David , Rothlauf Franz , Gagné Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDenoising autoencoder genetic programming (DAE-GP) is a novel neural network-based estimation of distribution genetic programming approach that uses denoising autoencoder long short-term memory networks as a probabilistic model to replace the standard mutation and recombination operators of genetic programming. At each generation, the idea is to capture promising properties of the parent population in a probabilistic model and to use corruption to transfer variations of these properties to the offspring. This work studies the influence of corruption and sampling steps on search. Corruption partially mutates candidate solutions that are used as input to the model, whereas the number of sampling steps defines how often we re-use the output during model sampling as input to the model. We study the generalization of the royal tree problem, the Airfoil problem, and the Pagie-1 problem, and find that both corruption strength and the number of sampling steps influence exploration and exploitation in search and affect performance: exploration increases with stronger corruption and lower number of sampling steps. The results indicate that both corruption and sampling steps are key to the success of the DAE-GP: it permits us to balance the exploration and exploitation behavior in search, resulting in an improved search quality. However, also selection is important for exploration and exploitation and should be chosen wisely.
GVFs in the real world: making predictions online for water treatment
Authors: Janjua Muhammad Kamran , Shah Haseeb , White Martha , Miahi Erfan , Machado Marlos C. , White Adam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the use of reinforcement-learning based prediction approaches for a real drinking-water treatment plant. Developing such a prediction system is a critical step on the path to optimizing and automating water treatment. Before that, there are many questions to answer about the predictability of the data, suitable neural network architectures, how to overcome partial observability and more. We first describe this dataset, and highlight challenges with seasonality, nonstationarity, partial observability, and heterogeneity across sensors and operation modes of the plant. We then describe General Value Function (GVF) predictions—discounted cumulative sums of observations–and highlight why they might be preferable to classical n-step predictions common in time series prediction. We discuss how to use offline data to appropriately pre-train our temporal difference learning (TD) agents that learn these GVF predictions, including how to select hyperparameters for online fine-tuning in deployment. We find that the TD-prediction agent obtains an overall lower normalized mean-squared error than the n-step prediction agent. Finally, we show the importance of learning in deployment, by comparing a TD agent trained purely offline with no online updating to a TD agent that learns online. This final result is one of the first to motivate the importance of adapting predictions in real-time, for non-stationary high-volume systems in the real world.
A precipitation downscaling framework for regional warning of debris flows in mountainous areas
Authors: Qiu Chenchen , Su Lijun , Geng Xueyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA timely warning system for debris-flow mitigation in mountainous areas is vital to decrease casualties. However, the lack of rainfall monitoring stations and coarse resolution of satellite-based observations pose challenges for developing such a debris-flow warning model in data-scarce areas. To offer an effective method for the generation of precipitation with fine resolution, a machine learning (ML)-based approach is proposed to establish the relationship between precipitation and regional environmental factors (REVs), including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), digital elevation model (DEM), geolocations (longitude and latitude) and land surface temperature (LST). This approach enables the downscaling of 3B42 TRMM precipitation data, providing fine temporal and spatial resolution precipitation data. We use PERSIANN-Cloud Classification System-Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CCS-CDR) data to calibrate the downscaled results using geographical differential analysis (GDA) before applying the calibrated results in a case study in the Gyirong Zangbo Basin. After that, we calculate the rainfall thresholds of effective antecedent rainfall (Pe)—intraday rainfall (Po) based on the calibrated precipitation and integrate these thresholds into a susceptibility map to develop a debris-flow warning model. The results show that (1) this ML-based approach can effectively achieve the downscaling of TRMM data; (2) calibrated TRMM data outperforms the original TRMM and downscaled TRMM data, reducing deviations by 55% and 57%; (3) the integrated model, incorporating rainfall thresholds, outperforms a single susceptibility map in providing debris-flow warnings. The developed warning model can offer dynamic warnings for debris flows that may have been missed by the original warning system at a regional scale.
Self-Consistent State-to-State Kinetic Modeling of CO2 Cold Plasmas: Insights on the Role of Electronically Excited States
Authors: Pietanza L. D. , Colonna G. , Capitelli M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the role of CO2 and CO electronically excited states in the kinetics of CO2 cold non-equilibrium plasma discharges by means of a state-to-state OD kinetic model based on the simultaneous and self-consistent solution of the electron Boltzmann equation and the master equations describing the vibrationally and electronically excited state kinetics and the plasma composition. A new CO2 dissociation model based on the use of the Biagi electron impact excitation cross sections, considered as fully dissociative, of several CO2 electronic excited states, in the energy range from 6.5 to 25 eV, is tested and compared with the results obtained by using the Phelps database in typical glow and microwave discharge conditions. Moreover, a refinement of the kinetics of the $$\mathrm{CO}\left({\mathrm{a}}^{3}\Pi \right)$$

CO

a

3

Π

excited state is proposed by including new production and loss terms and the effect of the change of its time evolution density on the eedf, the electron temperature, the CO2 and CO vibrational distribution functions, electron impact and vibrational induced dissociation rates is investigated. Finally, the contribution of the $$\mathrm{CO}\left({\mathrm{a}}^{3}\Pi \right)$$

CO

a

3

Π

state to CO2 dissociation is examined in terms of production and recombination (or back-reaction) processes both in microwave and glow discharge conditions.
Fostering Secondary School Science Students’ Intrinsic Motivation by Inquiry-based Learning
Authors: Meulenbroeks Ralph , van Rijn Rob , Reijerkerk Martijn 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Intrinsic motivation plays a unique mediating role in student academic performance. An inquiry-based learning (IBL) physics practical is studied in terms of effects on secondary school students’ intrinsic motivation towards performing science practicals.

Results
After performing IBL experiments on ionizing radiation, 38 secondary school physics students were interviewed and expressed their need for support in two main areas: the inquiry process and non-salient tasks, i.e., operating the equipment. The IBL experiments were revised accordingly, providing scaffolding through revised worksheets and videos on the use of the equipment. Subsequently, a quasi-experiment was carried out. One experimental group received both a revised worksheet and a video (N = 88), the other only received the worksheet (N = 67). Students performing the same practical on the basis of a step-by-step instruction sheet were used as a control group (N = 87). Five subscales of the intrinsic motivation inventory were used as a pre- and post-test for all three groups. Results show significant gains in the Interest/Enjoyment as well as Effort/Importance subscales favouring both IBL groups. With an instructional video, all five subscales show a significant increase as compared to the control group.

Conclusions
The results point to the advantages of using an IBL approach for practicals, provided appropriate scaffolding is used in terms of equipment operation and inquiry process.
Search for antibodies against Trichinella in two synanthropic Procyonidae species from southeast Mexico: white-nosed coatis (Nasua narica) and raccoons (Procyon lotor)
Authors: Hernández-Ortiz Adrián , Rendón-Franco Emilio , Muñoz-García Claudia-Irais , Villanueva-García Claudia , Caballero-Ortega Heriberto , de-la-Rosa-Arana Jorge-Luis 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrichinella is a nematode that are spread by the consumption of parasitized meat. Carnivora, a mammalian order, serve as key hosts for this parasite. However, evidence of Trichinella in wildlife from the Neotropics is extremely scarce, with reports documenting its presence only for five carnivore species: two Felidae, one Otariidae and two Mustelidae. Other widely distributed species that are consumed as bushmeat, such as Procyonidae, have not been studied in this context. A long-term study was performed for antibodies against Trichinella in coatis (Nasua narica) and common raccoons (Procyon lotor) in southeastern Mexico. Between the summer of 2009 to the winter 2013, a total of 291 coati samples and 125 raccoon samples were collected from a tropical green area located within an urban zone. An Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against the excretory and secretory products of Trichinella spiralis muscle larva. ELISA-positive samples were further confirmed by Western Blot analysis. Results showed no evidence of antibodies during the first two years of study. However, in 2011, a sudden appearance of anti-Trichinella occurred. The seroprevalence reached its highest peak of 43% for coatis during winter 2013 and 53% for raccoons in summer 2013. This is the first study that provides evidence of Trichinella circulation within a neotropical procyonid community.
Identifying untapped legal capacity to promote multi-level and cross-sectoral coordination of natural resource governance
Authors: Harvey Nicola , Garmestani Ahjond , Allen Craig R. , Buijze Anoeska , van Rijswick Marleen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNatural resource governance in the face of climate change represents one of the seminal challenges of the Anthropocene. A number of innovative approaches have been developed in, among others, the fields of ecology, governance, and sustainability sciences for managing uncertainty and scarcity through a coordinated approach to natural resource governance. However, the absence of an enabling legal and regulatory framework has been identified in the literature as one of the primary barriers constraining the formal operationalization of these governance approaches. In this paper, we show how these approaches provide tools for analyzing procedural mandates across governmental levels and sectors in the natural resource governance space. We also find that there has been inadequate consideration of the potential in existing laws and regulations for cross-sectoral and multi-level coordination of natural resource governance. On this basis, we develop and apply a protocol that draws on the traditional legal method of doctrinal analysis to demonstrate how to identify existing, untapped legal capacity to promote coordinated governance of natural resources through an in-depth case study of water resources in South Africa. We then show how these untapped capacities within existing legal structures may be operationalized to improve natural resource governance. Further, this protocol is portable to other countries, provinces (states), and localities around the world.
The Effect of Joint Thickness on Intermetallic Growth in the In52Sn48(Liquid)/Cu(Solid) Diffusion Couple
Authors: Mouratidis Theodore 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntermetallic growth can simultaneously enable low-resistance electrical pathways and determine the lifetime of a solder joint. Motivating this work is a demountable linear bilateral solder joint application, enabled via a vacuum pressure impregnation process. The effect of the initial solder joint thickness $$\delta _j = 25 - 125$$

δ
j

=
25
-
125

$$\mu $$
μ
m on intermetallic growth in this configuration is investigated for the $$\text{In}_{52}\text{Sn}_{48}$$

In
52

Sn
48

(liquid)/Cu(solid) diffusion couple for temperatures T = 393, 413 and 433 K, in the range just above the $$\text{In}_{52}\text{Sn}_{48}$$

In
52

Sn
48

melting temperature of 391 K. It was found that beyond a critical time $$\sim 1-15$$

∼
1
-
15

min into the kinetic reaction, thicker solder joints had more intermetallic growth. There are two intermetallic phases identified in this temperature range: $$\text{Cu}_{6}\text{(In,Sn)}{_5}$$

Cu
6

(In,Sn)

5

closer to the Cu substrate, and $$\text{Cu(In,Sn)}_{2}$$

Cu(In,Sn)
2

closer to the solder bulk. The intermetallic growth fits give temporal growth exponents between $$n = 0.25 - 0.29$$

n
=
0.25
-
0.29

, indicating that grain boundary diffusion rather than volume diffusion is the predominant growth mechanism. Growth in thicker joints is associated with higher temporal growth exponents; this is attributed to suppressed grain coarsening, as there is Cu dissolution from the intermetallic into the solder bulk in the early stages of the reaction, in more highly unsaturated environments. In addition, there is on average a decrease in the intermetallic phase activation energy with increasing joint thickness. In combination with the literature, the results suggest the linear bilateral joint geometry has a growth constraining effect, and the liquid solder phase state strongly affects the morphology and coarsening of grains, leading to the intermetallic growth trends observed.
Sport entrepreneurship: the role of innovation and creativity in sport management
Authors: Hammerschmidt Jonas , González-Serrano María Huertas , Puumalainen Kaisu , Calabuig Ferran 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article examines the state of research on sport entrepreneurship, with a particular focus on the intersection of entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity in sport management. Sport is an increasingly important sector of the global economy, yet little attention has been given to the role of entrepreneurship in its development. This article argues that entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity are crucial drivers of change, innovation, and employment in sport and that sport entrepreneurship is an emerging but unorganized stream of business research. To better understand the relationship between these research fields, we performed a study that combined a systematic review and a bibliometric analysis. This article presents thematic shifts in the field of sport entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity. It proposes an integrated model of sport entrepreneurship, offering novel perspectives that contribute to the field. Furthermore, the article addresses the lack of research on creativity, sustainability, and the sport entrepreneur, charting underexplored territories. Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of current research on sport entrepreneurship and identifies key areas for future investigation.
Update of Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy for ALK+ Inflammation Myofibroblastic Tumor
Authors: Wang Qi-An , Chen Huan-Wu , Wu Ren-Chin , Wu Chiao-En 
Published: November 2023

Opinion statementInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), characterized by intermediate malignancy and a propensity for recurrence, has presented a formidable clinical challenge in diagnosis and treatment. Its pathological characteristics may resemble other neoplasms or reactive lesions, and the treatment was limited, taking chemotherapies as the only option for those inoperable. However, discovering anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein expression in approximately 50% of IMT cases has shed light on a new diagnostic approach and application of targeted therapies. With the previous success of combating ALK+ non-small-cell lung cancers with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), crizotinib, a first-generation ALK-TKI, was officially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2020, to treat unresectable ALK+ IMT. After the approval of crizotinib, other ALK-TKIs, such as ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib, have proven their efficacy on ALK+ IMT with sporadic case reports. The sequential treatments of targeted therapies in may provide the insight into the choice of ALK-TKIs in different lines of treatment for unresectable ALK+ IMT.
Exome sequencing (ES) of a pediatric cohort with chronic endocrine diseases: a single-center study (within the framework of the TRANSLATE-NAMSE project)
Authors: Gippert Sebastian , Wagner Matias , Brunet Theresa , Berruti Riccardo , Brugger Melanie , Schwaibold Eva M. C. , Haack Tobias B. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Bettendorf Markus , Choukair Daniela 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Endocrine disorders are heterogeneous and include a significant number of rare monogenic diseases.

Methods
We performed exome sequencing (ES) in 106 children recruited from a single center within the TRANSLATE‑NAMSE project. They were categorized into subgroups: proportionate short stature (PSS), disproportionate short stature (DSS), hypopituitarism (H), differences in sexual development (DSD), syndromic diseases (SD) and others.

Results
The overall diagnostic yield was 34.9% (n = 37/106), including 5 patients with variants in candidate genes, which have contributed to collaborations to identify gene-disease associations. The diagnostic yield varied significantly between subgroups: PSS: 16.6% (1/6); DSS: 18.8% (3/16); H: 17.1% (6/35); DSD: 37.5% (3/8); SD: 66.6% (22/33); others: 25% (2/8). Confirmed diagnoses included 75% ultrarare diseases. Three patients harbored more than one disease-causing variant, resulting in dual diagnoses.

Conclusions
ES is an effective tool for genetic diagnosis in pediatric patients with complex endocrine diseases. An accurate phenotypic description, including comprehensive endocrine diagnostics, as well as the evaluation of variants in multidisciplinary case conferences involving geneticists, are necessary for personalized diagnostic care. Here, we illustrate the broad spectrum of genetic endocrinopathies that have led to the initiation of specific treatment, surveillance, and family counseling.

Graphical Abstract
The emotion regulation strategies of flourishing adults
Authors: Richard-Sephton Pixie Bella , Crisp Dimity Ann , Burns Richard Andrew 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlourishing is an optimal state of wellbeing, but the mechanisms that enable flourishing are unclear. This study examined the role of emotion regulation (ER) strategies that may enable flourishing. The first aim examined differences between flourishers and non-flourishers in the use of functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive ER strategies. A second aim specifically compared differences between flourishers and those non-flourishers who were free of psychopathology. We hypothesised that flourishers utilise greater use of functional/adaptive and lower use of dysfunctional/maladaptive strategies in comparison with non-flourishers, and those without pathology. Australian adults (N = 292) completed measures of flourishing, depression, and anxiety, and two measures of emotion regulation. Quota sampling obtained a balanced sample by age-group and gender. Regression analyses regressed ER strategies on flourishing and depression/anxiety status, adjusting for socio-demographic covariates. ER measures included the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) to assess reappraisal and suppression strategies, and the Emotion Regulation Profile – Revised (ERP-R) used vignettes to assess intentional response to situations. For the first aim, there was limited evidence that flourishers utilise higher levels of functional/adaptive, but substantive evidence that they use lower levels of dysfunctional/maladaptive ER strategies. For the second aim, flourishing was associated with these ER strategies over-and-above being free of pathology. The findings highlight a nuanced understanding of the ER of flourishers; flourishers appear to limit their use of dysfunctional/maladaptive strategies and do not necessarily report increased use of functional/adaptive strategies. Implications for wellbeing research and clinical practice are discussed.
Pathways to online infidelity: the roles of perceived online dating success, perceived availability of alternative partners, and mate value discrepancy
Authors: Nascimento Bruna S. , Adair Lora , Vione Katia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOnline dating applications have become increasingly popular in recent years and a common way for relationship initiation. However, the potential implications of online dating applications for long-term relationships are not well-understood. To further the literature in this field, this study aimed to examine the association between perceived online dating success and online infidelity-related behaviours by considering two possible indirect paths through perceived number of alternative partners or mate value discrepancy (i.e., mate value relative to one’s partner) and attention to alternatives. A total of 338 individuals that were currently in an exclusive long-term relationship participated in this study. A serial mediation analysis with two parallel paths revealed that perceived online dating success is associated with higher perceived availability of alternative partners and higher mate value relative to one’s partner, both of which are associated with attention to alternatives that, in turn, increases engagement in online infidelity-related behaviours. No direct association between perceived online dating success and online infidelity-related behaviours was found.
Study on the performance of thin-film VCSELs on composite metal substrate
Authors: Lee Sanchez William Anderson , Sinha Shreekant , Wang Po-Yu , Horng Ray-Hua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThin film p-side up vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) with 940 nm wavelength on a composite metal (Copper/Invar/Copper; CIC) substrate has been demonstrated by twice-bonding transfer and substrate removing techniques. The CIC substrate is a sandwich structure with a 10 µm thick Copper (Cu) layer/30 µm thick Invar layer/10 µm thick Cu layer. The Invar layer was composed of Iron (Fe) and Nickel (Ni) with a proportion of 70:30. The thermal expansion coefficient of the composite CIC metal can match that of the GaAs substrate. It results that the VCSEL layers can be successfully transferred to CIC metal substrate without cracking. At 1 mA current, the top-emitting VCSEL/GaAs and thin-film VCSEL/CIC had a voltage of 1.39 and 1.37 V, respectively. The optical output powers of VCSEL/GaAs and VCSEL/CIC were 21.91 and 24.40 mW, respectively. The 50 µm thick CIC substrate can play a good heat dissipation function, which results in improving the electrical and optical characteristics of thin film VCSELs/CIC. The VCSEL/CIC exhibited a superior thermal management capability as compared with VCSEL/GaAs. The obtained data suggested that VCSELs on a composite metal substrate not only affected significantly the characteristics of thin film VCSEL, but also improved considerably the device thermal performance.
Graphical Abstract