bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of development of underutilised crops and their ecosystem services in Europe: a systematic mapping approach
Authors: Jenkins Todd , Landschoot Sofie , Dewitte Kevin , Haesaert Geert , Reade John , Randall Nicola 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Growing interest in agrobiodiversity and sustainable agricultural practices has stimulated debates on diversifying cropping systems, furthering the potential for the reintroduction of underutilised crops. These crops may support multiple ecosystem services and enhance food security and agricultural value chains. This study used a systematic mapping approach to collate and summarise the state of research literature addresses the research question: What is the evidence for ecosystem service provision and economic value of underutilised crops? We focused on oats, triticale, hull-less barley, narrow-leaved lupin, buckwheat and faba beans due to their limited use in Europe, their broad gene pool, ecological benefits, and nutritional value.

Method
Three academic databases were used to identify research articles investigating the impacts of using the six underutilised crops of interest on outcomes including breeding, agronomic traits, nutrition and health, and economic values. In addition, current and recently completed European projects were searched to identify ongoing relevant research. After screening for relevance, data was extracted from all included articles and projects and imported into a spreadsheet for cross-tabulation and to produce descriptive statistics.

Results
From an initial 34,522 articles identified by the searches, 1346 relevant primary research articles containing 2229 studies were included. A total of 38 relevant European projects were identified, with 112 research results or goals relating to the six underutilised crops. Faba bean was the most common crop in both European projects and published literature. No current projects had a focus on hull-less barley. Agronomic traits were the most common primary research topic across the crops (56.39%), with oats and faba bean being well researched. Hull-less barley was the least studied crop across all topics. Within sub-topics related to specific ecosystem services, desirable traits, disease, weed and pest control all ranked highly, whilst invertebrate diversity and nitrogen fixation ranked lowest.

Conclusion
Primary research varies between crops and topics, with hull-less barley receiving the least interest. Key knowledge gaps were identified in all crops across all topics relating to breeding tools, breeding for desirable traits, agronomic traits of buckwheat, narrow-leaved lupin and hull-less barley, inclusion of the crops in human nutrition and health, and the socioeconomics of these crops. Evidence presented in this map could inform further research areas with these crops and aid future policy making for the inclusion of these crops in rotations and practices that could benefit all stakeholders along the food systems value chain.
Patterns of Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Prevalence Across Five Continents: Defining Priorities to Reduce Cancer Disparities in Different Geographic Regions of the World
Authors: Kamangar Farin , Dores Graça M. , Anderson William F. 
Published: November 2023

Efforts to reduce global cancer disparities begin with an understanding of geographic patterns in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence. Using the GLOBOCAN (2002) and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents databases, we describe overall cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence, age-adjusted temporal trends, and age-specific incidence patterns in selected geographic regions of the world. For the eight most common malignancies—cancers of lung, breast, colon and rectum, stomach, prostate, liver, cervix, and esophagus—the most important risk factors, cancer prevention and control measures are briefly reviewed. In 2002, an estimated 11 million new cancer cases and 7 million cancer deaths were reported worldwide; nearly 25 million persons were living with cancer. Among the eight most common cancers, global disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence are evident, likely due to complex interactions of nonmodifiable (ie, genetic susceptibility and aging) and modifiable risk factors (ie, tobacco, infectious agents, diet, and physical activity). Indeed, when risk factors among populations are intertwined with differences in individual behaviors, cultural beliefs and practices, socioeconomic conditions, and health care systems, global cancer disparities are inevitable. For the eight most common cancers, priorities for reducing cancer disparities are discussed.
Contrast Enhancement Ultrasound Improves Diagnostic Accuracy for Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Li Jianming , Dou Jianping , Li Huarong , Xiao Fan , Yu Jie , Xie Mingxing , Zhou Ping , Liang Lei , Zhou Guiming , Che Ying , Liu Cun , Cong Zhibin , Liu Fangyi , Han Zhiyu , Liang Ping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate potential improvements in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules when conventional ultrasound (US) is combined with contrast-enhanced US (CEUS).

Methods
We recruited 515 participants with 323 malignant and 192 benign nodules, who underwent both US and CEUS examinations at 8 different medical centers in China between October 2020 and October 2021. We assessed the malignancy of thyroid nodules in US using the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS). Diagnostic criteria for US and US + CEUS were developed by investigators based on evaluations of sonographic features. Using multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we compared diagnostic performance between the 2 methods based on criteria identified by investigators and via statistical models.

Results
On the basis of diagnostic criteria identified by investigators, we measured statistically significant differences in area under the curve (AUC) values between ACR TIRADS (0.83) and CEUS TIRADS (0.87; P &lt; .001). On the basis of diagnostic regression models, we found statistically significant differences in AUC values between US (0.76) and US + CEUS (0.84; P = .001). Models based on US + CEUS outperformed those based on US alone (Akaike information criterion of 347.7 and significant improvement in integrated discrimination). These results were confirmed by similar analyses applied to a validation cohort.

Conclusion
The accuracy of conventional US for differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules can be improved by combining this approach with CEUS.
Inscriptional Repertoires and the Problem of Intra- versus Interlingual Translation in Traditional Korea
Authors: King Ross 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article brings together a series of examples demonstrating the wide range of inscriptional practices in premodern Korea and the ways in which they force us to reconsider modern and Eurocentric notions of translation. The premodern inscriptional spectrum in Chosŏn Korea was not a simple binary of cosmopolitan orthodox Literary Sinitic versus vernacular Korean in the form of ŏnhae exegeses but was a range of inscriptional styles that included idu and kugyŏl. The ways in which texts were inscribed, reinscribed, and transliterated between these different inscriptional styles, as well as the ways in which Chosŏn literati themselves understood the notion of yŏk (譯, “translation”) challenge modern-day notions of translation, on the one hand, but also invite an understanding of them as rather more intralingual than interlingual. They also force us to ask whether LS was conceived as a “foreign” language for literate Koreans in Chosŏn. The premodern Korean cases forces us to add script and inscriptional repertoire (including notions of orthography, notational system, munch'e 文體, etc.) to the list of the main factors that influence intralingual translation.
Benefit of scar boost radiation following postmastectomy radiation in female breast cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Premcharoen Sorawit , Lulitanond Siriwan , Supakalin Narudom , Thamronganantasakul Komsan , Supaadirek Chunsri , Krusun Srichai , Pesee Montien , Namuangchan Yotdanai 
Published: November 2023

Background: The use of postmastectomy radiation (PMRT) as a standard of care for female breast cancer is well established, with scar boost radiation being a discretionary choice. However, the efficacy of scar boost radiation remains a subject of debate. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted from medical records of female patients diagnosed with breast cancer who have undergone PMRT from January 2012 to January 2015 at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University. The primary endpoint was chest wall local control (LC), and the secondary endpoints were risk factors associated with chest wall local recurrence (LR), locoregional recurrence (LRR) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 549 female patient records were included. The median follow-up time was 21 months. 31.51% of patients received scar boost radiation. The majority of the patients had ductal carcinoma (98.5%) and were histologically graded as grade 2 (44.6%) or 3 (39.0%). The estimated 10-yr chest wall local control rate was 82.14% (95% CI 68.12 - 99.04%) in scar boost group versus 93.18% (95% CI 89.58 - 96.92%) in no scar boost groups. No significant differences between the two groups were found in LR (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.35-2.19), LRR (HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.60-2.37), and OS (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.09-11.54). Subset analysis showed that lobular carcinoma was associated with LR and LRR (HR 11.32, 95% CI 3.24-39.54 and HR 5.65, 95% CI 1.71-18.61) while positive supraclavicular node was associated with LRR (HR 4.51, 95% CI 1.37-14.79). Scar boost radiation also resulted in a higher frequency of skin toxicity (grade 1-3), skin fibrosis (grade 1), and radiation pneumonitis (grade 1). Conclusions: There is no evidence supporting that scar boost radiation following PMRT in female breast cancer patients is superior in chest wall LC. Scar boost radiation is also statistically significantly associated with increased toxicity.
Prevalence of diabetic foot at risk of ulcer development and its components stratification according to the international working group on the diabetic foot (IWGDF): A systematic review with metanalysis
Authors: Maldonado-Valer Tania , Pareja-Mujica Luis F. , Corcuera-Ciudad Rodrigo , Terry-Escalante Fernando Andres , Chevarría-Arriaga Mylenka Jennifer , Vasquez-Hassinger Tery , Yovera-Aldana Marlon 
Published: November 2023

Aims
To determine the overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk according to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot stratification.

Materials and methods
We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. We included cross-sectional studies or cohorts from 1999 to March 2022. We performed a meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model. We assessed heterogeneity through subgroup analysis by continent and other characteristics.

Results
We included 36 studies with a total population of 11,850 people from 23 countries. The estimated overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk was 53.2% (95% CI: 45.1–61.3), I2 = 98.7%, p < 0.001. In the analysis by subgroups, South and Central America had the highest prevalence and Africa the lowest. The factors explaining the heterogeneity were the presence of chronic kidney disease, diagnostic method for peripheral arterial disease, and quality. The estimates presented very low certainty of evidence.

Conclusions
The overall prevalence of diabetic foot at risk is high. The high heterogeneity between continents can be explained by methodological aspects and the type of population. However, using the same classification is necessary for standardization of the way of measuring the components, as well as better designed general population-based studies.
Pre-/-post-analyses of a feasibility study of a peer-based club intervention among people living with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam’s rural communities
Authors: Dang Ngoc-Anh Thi , Phong Vu Tuc , M. Gammeltoft Tine , Christian Bygbjerg Ib , W. Meyrowitsch Dan , Søndergaard Jens 
Published: November 2023

Objectives
Insufficient self-management is a significant barrier for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to achieve glycemic control and consequently reduce the risk of acute and long-term diabetes complications, negatively affecting their quality of life and increasing their risk of diabetes-related death. This pre-post study aimed to evaluate whether a peer-based club intervention might reduce glycated hemoglobin from baseline to post-intervention and enhance self-management among people living with T2D in two rural communities in Vietnam.

Methods
A pre-post study was implemented with 222 adults with T2D residing in two rural communities in Vietnam. We used a structured questionnaire, clinical examination, and glycated hemoglobin to evaluate the possible effects of a diabetes club intervention by comparing Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), and diabetes-related self-management behaviors at baseline and post-intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20, applying two related sample tests (Wilcoxon and McNemar test) and a paired-sample t-test at a significance level of less than 0.05.

Results
The findings indicated that after implementation of the intervention, there were no significant statistical differences when comparing pre-and post-intervention levels of the primary outcome HbA1c, but some components of diabetes self-management showed statistically significant improvement.

Conclusions
After the peer support intervention in a Vietnamese rural community, there was no significant reduction in the primary outcome proportion of patients having an HbA1c less than 7%, but foot care knowledge and practice had improved.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05602441.
Modelo de previsão da deformação permanente de fundações de vias-férreas com recurso a uma rede neuronal artificial
Authors: Ramos Ana , Gomes Correia António , Calçada Rui 
Published: November 2023

A previsão da deformação permanente na fundação e respetiva fiabilidade é uma das principais preocupações dos gestores das Infraestruturas Ferroviárias, pois pode influenciar os custos de manutenção da via em serviço. Este artigo propõe uma nova metodologia relativa à previsão da deformação permanente com base num estudo paramétrico realizado usando uma abordagem híbrida e que inclui o desempenho a curto e longo prazo. O estudo realizado permitiu a construção de uma base de dados robusta que foi utilizada neste estudo para prever a deformação permanente. A base de dados alimenta um modelo da rede neuronal, cujo desempenho foi avaliado com base em diferentes métricas: MAE, MSE, RMSE, desvio padrão e coeficiente de regressão. O modelo foi testado e validado com base em resultados experimentais. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o modelo desenvolvido é rápido e eficiente para prever com precisão a deformação permanente induzida pela passagem dos comboios. O modelo tem o potencial para ser implementado num sistema computacional de apoio de decisão para manutenção e gestão de linhas ferroviárias.
Aterosklerosis pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang Diinduksi dengan Insulin Eksogen
Authors: Suprihatin Teguh , Fazwah Widya Millatina , Tana Silvana 
Published: November 2023

Insulin memiliki peran mendasar dalam pengendalian proses seluler dan fisiologis. Paparan berlebih insulin menyebabkan resistensi insulin, hiperinsulinemia, dan hiperglikemia. Penggunaan insulin pada pasien penderita DM rentan menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi insulin yang bisa memperparah kondisi pasien.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemberian injeksi insulin eksogen terhadap tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus L. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), menggunakan 21 ekor Rattus norvegicus L. jantan berumur 21 hari yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan dengan 7 kali ulangan. P0 merupakan kontrol, P1 diinjeksi insulin eksogen 1,80 IU/200gBB setiap hari selama 14 hari, dan P2 diinjeksi insulin eksogen 1,80 IU/200gBB setiap hari selama 28 hari. Perlakuan diberikan selama 1 bulan. Pembedahan dilakukan setelah perlakuan berakhir untuk pembuatan preparat, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengukuran diameter dan lumen dari aorta dan arteri coronaria, serta ketebalan dinding aorta dan arteri coronaria. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tidak nyata (P>0.05) pada lebar diameter arteri coronaria dan aorta, lebar lumen arteri coronaria dan aorta, ketebalan tunika intima, media dan adventisia arteri coronaria dan aorta serta ukuran sel otot jantung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa injeksi insulin eksogen tidak menimbulkan penebalan aterosklerosis pada Rattus norvegicus L. Insulin has a fundamental role in control of cellular and physiological processes. Overexposure to insulin causes insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia. This study was to analyze the effect of exogenous insulin injection to white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). This is an experimental study with a completely randomized design, using 21 male Rattus norvegicus L. 21 days old which were divided into 3 treatment groups with 7 replications. P0 is the control groups, P1 is exogenous insulin injection 1.80 IU/200gBW/day for 14 days, and P2 is exogenous insulin injection 1.80 IU/200gBW/day for 28 days. Treatment was given for 1 month. Surgery was carried out after the treatment ended and preparations were made, then continued with measuring the diameter and the width of the lumen of aorta and coronary arteries. The thickness of the aortic and coronary arteries’s walls. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) based on the results, exogenous insulin injection can not trigger atherosclerosis in white rats.
“New stage, new reality, new role”
Authors: Zavyalova Ksenia , Galvin Conor 
Published: November 2023

Learning is being shaped/reshaped in this digital era and the pace of these changes is accelerated by the use of social media. Many teachers are spending an increased amount of time creating and distributing content via social media platforms. It is suggested that this practice can support their cognitive, affective, social and identity growth (Trust et al., 2022). At the same time, there is a growing body of literature debating the pros and cons of adopting social media in higher education (Willems et al., 2018; Hamadi et al., 2022).

Although there is a significant number of studies examining the teachers’ use of Twitter, Instagram and Facebook for professional and educational reasons (Park, 2022; Davis & Yi, 2022; Randahl et al, 2022; Greenhalgh, 2021), a scarce attention has been paid to teachers, who create visual media content for YouTube. We aimed to explore the motivations and values related to teachers’ engagement in YouTube content creation practice.

As we analysed the several theoretical lines of literature, we are settled on a comprehensive framework for interrogating the data. From the outset, we viewed the YouTube platform both as a landscape for teachers to interact and create artefacts, and an affective space appropriated by its users (Reckwitz, 2012). To this we added the concept of imagined communities (Gr?dinaru, 2016) that connects teacher through virtual sociability and sustain them as they create digital goods. Goffman’s theory of performance (1959) offered an additional layer of understanding the sense of belonging to these communities. Finally, we suggested the value creation framework by Wenger-Trayner et al (2019), which includes five dimensions of value for professional development.

In the second part of our research, we applied our framework analytically to 105 YouTube video channels identified as teacher produced content. To date, in-depth, purposive, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 15 participants (school teachers) through Skype, Zoom and/or Facebook Messenger. Our intention is to reach about 50 over the course of the study adding higher education teachers as well.

Our initial analysis showed the three key messages:

• Teachers take a proactive role believing that nowadays is the time of creating and sharing new knowledge;

• Teachers signing up for this proactive vision become a part of the imagined community of like-minded colleagues;

• The process of video-making involves constant research for new teaching ideas and personal transformative changes.

We believe that our study may provide some implications for tertiary education. Importantly, it explores and analyses a different image of teaching and learning, crafted in visual media, which might spark enthusiasm to embrace the video sharing platforms in higher education and enhance agency in the digital world.
Documenting and analyzing the relevance of Universal Design for Learning in developing inclusive provisions for culturally diverse learners in online pedagogy
Authors: Fovet Frederic 
Published: November 2023

Recent profound societal transformations have led to a broad reframing of the collective understanding and use of the term ‘diversity’. In the tertiary sector, in particular, this widening and deepening of the reflection on learner diversity has meant a move away from a simple focus on impairment; this term now also encompasses all intersectional dimensions of culture, race, Indigeneity, socioeconomics, gender and sexual orientation, and age. The tertiary sector is urgently seeking tools to embed this emerging lens into teaching and learning practices. The online facets of post-secondary teaching have lagged behind in this reflection, and the COVID pandemic pivot has highlighted how challenging management of change could be in online pedagogy. Universal Design for Learning (UDL) has offered powerful promises in supplying instructors with hands-on resources to navigate this rapid transformation of online pedagogy and guarantee that online learning spaces are fully inclusive. This paper explores and analyzes auto-ethnographic data collected by the author along the last four years, while he provided support and professional development around UDL as a consultant through the sector. The paper presents key findings from this analysis in relation to the usefulness of UDL in the diverse online class, and invites a reflection related to their strategic implications for higher education.
Modification of Al2O3 inclusions in SWRH82B steel by La/Y rare-earth element treatment
Authors: Xiong Xingqiang , Li Changrong , Chen Lu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The experimental schemes of lanthanum (La) treatment, yttrium (Y) treatment, and La/Y mixed treatment of inclusions in SWRH82B steel were used. The size distribution, number density, inter-surface distance, the degree of homogeneity, and the area density of inclusions in the test steel were determined. The results show that the rare earths have a certain refinement and homogenization effect on the inclusions, and the mixed rare earths have the best effect on the inclusions in the steel. The average size of inclusions after mixed rare-earth treatment is 1.23 μm, the average size of inclusions after rare-earth La treatment is 1.79 μm, and the average size of inclusions after rare-earth Y treatment is 1.37 μm. Thermodynamic calculations show that the affinity of rare earths to oxygen in steel is higher, and the affinity to sulfur is lower. La and oxygen–sulfur have a higher affinity, and the affinity of Y and oxygen–sulfur is lower. In addition to single inclusions, there are complex inclusions in the steel.