bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of INSAT‐3D and INSAT‐3DR Temperature Profile Retrievals Using Ground‐Based, Satellite, and Reanalysis Data
Authors: Gopikrishnan G. S. , Kuttippurath J. , Thapliyal P. K. , Shukla M. V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNowcasting and short‐range predictions of severe weather events require frequent observations of atmospheric thermodynamic state. To meet these requirements, India has launched a series of advanced weather satellites in geostationary platform, with Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)‐3D and INSAT‐3DR as first two satellites placed in this orbit. Both satellites are designed for meteorological observations, particularly the vertical profiles of temperature and humidity at hourly intervals. As these satellites are relatively new, there is a need to validate and make accuracy assessment of their retrievals prior to scientific analyses. These sounders have a spatial resolution of 10 km, and measurements are available from 2014 to date. This study makes use of collocated measurements of INSAT‐3D and INSAT‐3DR with those from 18 radiosondes, Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and reanalysis data within the troposphere (1,000–100 hPa) to validate INSAT data. We analyzed the data for India land regions, and found an average bias of about 2–3 K (1–1.5 K) in most regions, when INSAT‐3D (3DR) is compared to AIRS measurements. Compared to the reanalysis data, INSAT‐3D (3DR) shows a bias within 2.5–5 K (2–3 K) in lower troposphere, 1.5–2.5 K (1–2 K) in mid‐troposphere and 1.5–2.5 (<2 K) in upper troposphere. Similar biases were also estimated with radiosonde measurements. In general, the validation shows that temperature profiles are generally accurate within 1–1.5 K, and INSAT‐3DR retrievals are better than that of INSAT‐3D. Nevertheless, a better cloud filter together with an advanced radiative transfer model can further improve the algorithm used for retrieval.
Climate change and ecosystem shifts in the southwestern United States
Authors: Harris Grant M. , Sesnie Steven E. , Stewart David R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate change shifts ecosystems, altering their compositions and instigating transitions, making climate change the predominant driver of ecosystem instability. Land management agencies experience these climatic effects on ecosystems they administer yet lack applied information to inform mitigation. We address this gap, explaining ecosystem shifts by building relationships between the historical locations of 22 ecosystems (c. 2000) and abiotic data (1970–2000; bioclimate, terrain) within the southwestern United States using ‘ensemble’ machine learning models. These relationships identify the conditions required for establishing and maintaining southwestern ecosystems (i.e., ecosystem suitability). We projected these historical relationships to mid (2041–2060) and end-of-century (2081–2100) periods using CMIP6 generation BCC-CSM2-MR and GFDL-ESM4 climate models with SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 emission scenarios. This procedure reveals how ecosystems shift, as suitability typically increases in area (~ 50% (~ 40% SD)), elevation (12–15%) and northing (4–6%) by mid-century. We illustrate where and when ecosystems shift, by mapping suitability predictions temporally and within 52,565 properties (e.g., Federal, State, Tribal). All properties had ≥ 50% changes in suitability for ≥ 1 ecosystem within them, irrespective of size (≥ 16.7 km2). We integrated 9 climate models to quantify predictive uncertainty and exemplify its relevance. Agencies must manage ecosystem shifts transcending jurisdictions. Effective mitigation requires collective action heretofore rarely instituted. Our procedure supplies the climatic context to inform their decisions.
Impact on the German asymptomatic screening strategy based on actual user data from SARS-CoV-2 test centers
Authors: Grohmann Marcus , Grosch Janina , Conrady Beate , Schomakers Lena , Witte Anna Kristina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince March 2021, Germany has been providing cost-free severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen tests, and many day-to-day activities following the lockdown have required negative test results. Yet it remains unclear how tests have been used and whether there are patterns connected to mitigation measures. We analyzed over 50,000 anonymized records from eight test centers in a typical medium-sized city, with one of them remaining open continuously from March until December 2021. The centers exhibit distinct patterns of visitor types, with the majority tested only once in the investigated period. Individuals who underwent repeated testing tended to favor the same location. A preference for spontaneous testing grew in proportion to the availability of spare tests. Visitors aged 18 to 30 years were distinctly overrepresented compared to the local demographic. A negative binominal model showed that implemented mitigation measures had an impact on the number of tests conducted. Cost-free testing in private facilities was implemented into the German complementary screening strategy, aiming to achieve weekly population-wide testing. This study demonstrates these facilities were rarely used for regular testing but rather for meeting requirements of certified tests. The results should aid authorities in making future decisions regarding infection control.
Tayler–Spruit dynamo simulations for the modeling of radiative stellar layers
Authors: Petitdemange L. , Marcotte F. , Gissinger C. , Daniel F. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Maxwell stresses exerted by dynamo-generated magnetic fields have been proposed as an efficient mechanism to transport angular momentum in radiative stellar layers. Numerical simulations are still needed to understand its trigger conditions and the saturation mechanisms.
Aims. The present study follows up on a recent paper where we reported on the first simulations of Tayler-Spruit dynamos. Here we extend the parameter space explored to assess in particular the influence of stratification on the dynamo solutions. We also present numerical verification of theoretical assumptions made previously that were instrumental in deriving the classical prescription for angular momentum transport implemented in stellar evolution codes.
Methods. A simplified radiative layer is modeled numerically by considering the dynamics of a stably stratified, differentially rotating, magnetized fluid in a spherical shell.
Results. Our simulations display a diversity of magnetic field topologies and amplitudes depending on the flow parameters, including hemispherical solutions. The Tayler-Spruit dynamos reported here are found to satisfy magnetostrophic equilibrium and achieve efficient turbulent transport of angular momentum, following Spruit’s heuristic prediction.
Examining the effects of climate change perception and commuting experience on the willingness to pay for micro-transit service in Tampa, FL
Authors: Zhai Wei , Gao Shuqi , Liu Mengyang , Wei Di 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs cities increasingly look for sustainable transportation options to alleviate congestion and solve the “first mile, last mile” problem, micro-transit has emerged as a promising solution. However, to ensure the long-term success of micro-transit programs, it’s essential to establish sustainable funding strategies. This research aims to investigate what factors influence people’s willingness to pay for micro-transit, with a particular focus on their perceptions of climate change and their commuting experiences. Additionally, the study explores the differences in experiences between current micro-transit users and non-users. Using the Downtowner service in downtown Tampa as a case study, we conducted online surveys in July 2020, gathering responses from 706 micro-transit users and 311 non-users. We then applied statistical analysis to understand the factors affecting willingness to pay. This study sheds light on the relatively underexplored topic of willingness to pay for micro-transit and its connection to climate change perceptions, contributing to existing research. Furthermore, recognizing differences in preferences between these groups provides valuable insights for tailoring strategies to encourage willingness to pay. As policymakers and transportation agencies aim to combat climate change and promote sustainable transportation, understanding these factors becomes increasingly important for developing effective and eco-friendly mobility solutions.
Lo status giuridico della donna nel diritto romano della
tarda Repubblica e del Principato
(II secolo a.C. – inizi del III secolo d.C.)
Authors: Petrucci Aldo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the situation of
women in the field of Roman private law. It deals with the various situations in
which women are placed, whether as married women, divorced women,
concubines, mothers or widows, or as daughters subject to parental
authority. Other related issues such as the tutela mulierum or the SC
Velleianum are also studied.
Warrior women
Authors: López Martínez María Paz , Ruiz-Montero Consuelo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Women are especially attractive characters in the Greek
novels. Some are queens or strategists who even lead armies while some
influential women commanded the building of public works and exercised
matriarchy. We center on five women engaged in the action described in six
papyri. They are powerful, warrior women, involved in their homeland’s
political affairs: Parthenope, Themisto, Calligone, Antheia and
Thalassia.
Achilles Tatius’ Leucippe as a puella docta
Authors: Kanavou Nikoletta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Unlike other heroines of the Greek romantic novels, who
are consistently chaste, the heroine of Achilles Tatius’ novel
Leucippe and Clitophon displays a (temporary) lack of
sexual reticence; she also possesses musical talent. These features are
central to her characterization in the novel’s first two books, which,
incidentally, bear the distinct influence of Roman love elegy. It is argued
here that Leucippe is purposedly fashioned in the early part of the novel as
a puella docta, the type of idealised artistic lady with
libertine traits that arouses erotic passion in the Augustan love poets. In
the novel’s later books, on the other hand, her characterization conforms to
a more conventional image.
Plotting Plotina? The reception of an empress in Roman provincial
prose (fiction)
Authors: Trnka-Amrhein Yvona 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the reception of the empress
Plotina in three texts from three literary traditions within the Roman
Empire: the Acta Hermaisci, the Talmud, and Apuleius’
Metamorphoses. It argues that the Plotina character we
see in these texts is based on an idea of the Roman empress’ ability to
influence the emperor to the detriment of provincial groups. This ‘plotting
Plotina’ figure is the opposite of the official ideal found in Pliny’s
Panegyricus and may develop the suspicion we see in
Roman historical texts that Plotina exercised improper influence on
Hadrian’s succession. Indeed, the motherhood of the ‘plotting Plotina’
character may respond to the problematic childlessness of the real empress.
In addition to exploring how provincial texts fictionalized a historical
woman to articulate the powerlessness of being a Roman subject, this chapter
provides an example of how one theme could be deployed in texts from
different cultures written in the same empire. It thus offers a perspective
on how a broad understanding of ‘imperial literature’ can inform our
knowledge of connections between the literary cultures that coexisted under
Roman rule.
Cytoplasmic zoning by protein phase transition after membrane permeabilization
Authors: Sugiyama Shinju , Suda Kojiro , Kono Keiko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Biological membranes, including plasma membrane (PM) and organelle membranes, restrict the flux of ions, molecules and organelles. However, the barrier function of biological membranes is frequently compromised by various perturbations, including physical membrane damage and protein- or chemical-induced pore formation. Recent evidence suggests that, upon PM damage, protein gelation and solid condensation are utilized to restrict ion/molecule/organelle flux across the damaged membranes by zoning the cytoplasm. In addition, membrane permeabilization dramatically alters intramembrane and extramembrane ion/molecule concentrations via the flux across the permeabilized membrane. The changes in ion/molecule concentration and their downstream pathways induce protein phase transition to form zones for biological processes or protein sequestration. Here, we review the mechanisms and functions of protein phase transition after biological membrane permeabilization.
‘It's the party that counts’? The Rise of Labour and the Image of the Woman Politician at English Elections, c.1929–1950
Authors: Thackeray David , Berry‐Waite Lisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article uses election addresses to consider how the early women parliamentary candidates sought to make their case to English voters. It then explores the insights that Mass Observation's election surveys offer into public attitudes to women politicians, and gender and political leadership more broadly, from the late 1930s to the early 1950s. While the pioneer female candidates argued that they should have more representatives at Westminster to better uphold the ‘woman's point of view’ this approach was gradually undermined from the 1920s onwards with the growth of programmatic politics led by Labour. Mass Observation found that voters claimed to focus more on which party had the best programme rather than the personalities of candidates. However, their findings also indicate that women candidates continued to face many additional prejudices which their male opponents did not.
More homework improve mathematics achievement? Differential effects of homework time on different facets of students' mathematics achievement: A longitudinal study in China
Authors: Zhang Yuhuan , Li Tian , Xu Jianzhong , Chen Shuang , Lu Liping , Wang Lidong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundMathematics homework is highly prevalent in East Asia. Teachers and parents expect mathematics homework to improve students' performance; however, studies have not clearly defined the effectiveness of the assignment of different amounts of homework.AimsThis study analyses the differential effect of homework amount on various facets of Chinese students' mathematics achievement using a longitudinal design. It aims, thereby, to contribute to the existing knowledge of homework effectiveness and mathematics learning and to provide insights for student development.SampleThe sample included 2383 grade 9 students from a mid‐sized city with a moderate level of economic and educational development in central China.MethodsWe administered a student‐reported questionnaire, collected school reports of mathematics achievements to track retrospective longitudinal variations in mathematics over half a year and analysed the differential effectiveness of homework on mathematics achievement at four hierarchical cognitive levels with Hierarchical Linear Model.ResultsThe results indicated that assigning more homework at the class level could enhance students' mathematics achievement at a low cognitive level, although this effectiveness tended to disappear when the set homework time reached about 1.5–2 h. We did not find evidence that assigning more homework enhances students' mathematics achievement at higher cognitive levels.ConclusionsOverall, this study provides evidence on the effectiveness of homework and offers implications for educational practice and future research.
Cigarette smoke aggravates asthma via altering airways inflammation phenotypes and remodelling
Authors: Huang Qiong , Li Yan , Li Chenduo , Zhang Xin , Du Xiaonan , Chen Yan , Corrigan Chris J. , Wang Wei , Ying Sun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionMany asthmatic patients are exposed to cigarette smoke actively or passively, which contributes to asthma exacerbation and poor control. This study is to explore the effects of cigarette smoke on pathological changes in murine surrogate of asthma.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish a surrogate of asthma and then administered with cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured using the Flexivent system. Histological staining (haematoxylin‐eosin [HE], periodic acid Schiff [PAS], Congo red and Masson's trichrome) was employed to measure pathological changes in sections of lung tissue of experimental mice. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentrations of total and OVA‐specific IgE, cytokines and chemokines (eotaxin‐1, IL‐13, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IL‐17A, IL‐33) in the lung tissue homogenates. Immunoreactivity for vWF and α‐SMA in lung tissue sections was detected by immunohistochemistry.ResultsExposure of the animals to CSE significantly reduced OVA‐induced AHR, the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and eosinophils infiltrating into the lung tissue, as well as concentrations of some cytokines in lung homogenate. In contrast, it significantly enhanced the number of macrophages and M2 in BALF, as well as collagen deposition, smooth muscle thickness and alveolar destruction in lung tissue.ConclusionCSE inhibits OVA‐induced AHR, changes inflammation ‘phenotypes’, while accelerates some aspects of airways remodelling, which might contribute to worse symptoms and be refractory to anti‐inflammation therapies for asthmatics.
Keeping a distance in neoliberal times: The politics of friendship in the City of Sanctuary movement
Authors: Bernhardt Franz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 2010, the UK government transferred all contracts for the accommodation and reception of asylum seekers from local authorities to private contractors, followed by large financial cuts to support services. This article explores the consequences of these neoliberal reforms for the languages of asylum used by the City of Sanctuary movement, and how these languages relate to the politics of asylum of the state. Drawing on an analysis of semi‐structured interviews with the founders and volunteers of the movement in Swansea, the article uses Heideggerian and Derridean theories to show how the movement's original language of ‘friendship’ emerged in response to the UK government framing asylum seekers through languages underpinned by ‘foreignness’ and was meant to reduce relational distance. It then shows how neoliberal reforms of asylum housing caused discursive and practical changes within the movement: a moral responsibilisation of volunteers to substitute for support services lost through austerity measures, and a structural professionalisation to be able to do this support work. It was those structural changes, this article argues, which shifted the dominant framing of the relation between volunteers and asylum seekers from friends to case workers. This re‐establishment of relational distance is of conceptual importance as it highlights how friends and foreigners can often be constructed in a very similar manner.
Aberrant expression of GATA3 in metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate: an important pitfall
Authors: Lobo João , Tenace Nazario P , Cañete‐Portillo Sofia , Carneiro Isa , Henrique Rui , Lucianò Roberta , Harik Lara R , Magi‐Galluzzi Cristina 
Published: November 2023

AimsThe distinction of high‐grade prostate cancer (PCa) from poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma (UC) can be somewhat challenging on clinical and morphological grounds alone, yet it is of great importance for prognostication and choice of treatment. GATA3 is a useful immunohistochemical marker to confirm urothelial origin. However, recent works report strong GATA3 immunoexpression in primary high‐grade PCa. The aim of this study was to explore GATA3 expression specifically in metastatic PCa.Methods and resultsThe pathology databases of four tertiary institutions were queried for cases of metastatic PCa. Available slides and clinical records were reviewed by experienced genitourinary pathologists. Prostatic markers (PSA, PSAP, NKX3.1) and GATA3 immunohistochemistry were performed. A total of 163 metastatic PCa cases were included. At least one prostate marker was positive in each case of non‐regional distant metastasis, confirming prostatic origin. GATA3 strong staining was found in four (2.5%) cases: two liver, one bone and one non‐regional lymph‐node metastases. All four patients had Grade Group 5 PCa at the initial diagnosis. The metastatic prostatic adenocarcinomas were solid, either with no gland formation (n = 3) or with only focal cribriforming (n = 1).ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study exploring GATA3 expression specifically in metastatic PCa. Despite being infrequent, GATA3 positivity in high‐grade PCa may lead to misdiagnosis, with clinical implications. We recommend a panel of immunohistochemical markers, both prostatic and urothelial, for ruling out UC, either in primary tumour samples or in the event of metastases of unknown primary, when a genitourinary origin is suspected.
Advanced Pipeline Isolation Solutions to Enhance Valve Change-Outs and Minimize Downtime
Authors: Lie Rolf Gunnar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to stabilize the supply of gas to its domestic market, China Petroleum Corporation (CPC), Taiwan, the sole natural gas supplier, has established an integrated gas distribution network in the western part of Taiwan with an inland transmission trunk line, offshore transmission trunk line and regional transmission loops. CPC’s gas pipeline planning is based on the concept of forming a ring-shaped gas transmission network along the island. The 36-inch diameter Yung-An to Tung-Hsiao offshore pipeline (Figure 1) is the largest and longest transmission pipeline in the entire network, delivering gas from southern Taiwan to northern Taiwan, where the dominant gas market is located.
It was discovered that the emergency shutdown valves (ESDV) at both the Yung-An LNG terminal and the Tung-Hsiao gas transfer station, which are connected by a 237.7-km (147.7-mi), 36-inch offshore pipeline, required replacement or maintenance so that CPC could resume operational pigging of the pipeline and carry out regular in-line inspection (ILI), as required by regulations. For this project, CPC decided to apply advanced isolation technology known as SmartPlug® in-line isolation and hot tapping and STOPPLE® isolation technology to isolate the pipeline pressure at 60 bar (870 psi) before executing the repair work. This allowed the company to avoid having to remove the contents of the entire 237.7-km (147.7-mile) gas line, which would have significantly extended the shutdown period.
The chosen isolation method helped CPC secure the “fastest and most efficient” method to resume gas supply to northern Taiwan and increased confidence in the use of this method for inline pipeline inspection in the future. The project only allowed seven days for the work during the 2019 Chinese New Year holidays, when energy consumption in Taiwan is lower than usual. The company also conducted an in-depth risk study and several workshops to assure the risk management of this project before execution. While the 36-inch pipeline was isolated, CPC also took the opportunity to replace other leaking valves at the launching and receiving ends of the pipeline.
The isolation enabled the operator to avoid depressurizing and purging their entire gas export pipeline while mitigating safety concerns associated with defective ESDVs and corroded components.
This paper describes the steps taken from planning to site visit and engineering, to safely and successfully executing the isolation.