bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological predictors of adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms across one season in grassroots netball
Authors: Davies Lucy E. , Turner Martin , Hopley Rachel , Slater Matthew , Braithwaite Elizabeth C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMuch of our knowledge about the relationship between psychological variables related to sport and adolescent mental health is based on research from elite athletes. However, the vast majority of adolescents who engage in sports do so at the grassroots level. We therefore sought to understand how self‐reported psychological variables and sleep may be associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety across one season in grassroots adolescent netball. We collected self‐report, paper‐based questionnaire data from adolescent netball players at one large netball club based in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom at the start of the season (timepoint 1, September 2018, N = 140) and end of the season (timepoint 2, March 2019, N = 132). Ages ranged from 11 to 19 (M = 13.54), which were categorized as under 14s (U14, ages 11–14) and under 19s (U19, ages 15–19). Participants self‐reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, basic psychological needs related to netball, demands and resources related to netball, and sleep quality at each time point. We used standardized residual change scores to test whether changes in the psychological variables related to their engagement in grassroots netball (basic psychological needs, demands and resources) and sleep quality were associated with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms over time. We report that increases in perceived sporting demands and reductions in sleep quality were associated with elevated symptoms of depression over the season. Reductions in perceptions of autonomy were associated with increases in symptoms of anxiety. We report novel evidence that self‐reported, malleable psychological variables related to sports participation, and sleep quality, are associated with mental health in youth female athletes competing at the grassroots level. It would be worthwhile to explore whether mental health interventions and/or education delivered via grassroots sports clubs may be an effective method for promoting mental health resilience in adolescent athletes.
A deep supervised transformer U‐shaped full‐resolution residual network for the segmentation of breast ultrasound image
Authors: Zhou Jiale , Hou Zuoxun , Lu Hongyan , Wang Wenhan , Zhao Wanchen , Wang Zenan , Zheng Dezhi , Wang Shuai , Tang Wenzhong , Qu Xiaolei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeBreast ultrasound (BUS) is an important breast imaging tool. Automatic BUS image segmentation can measure the breast tumor size objectively and reduce doctors’ workload. In this article, we proposed a deep supervised transformer U‐shaped full‐resolution residual network (DSTransUFRRN) to segment BUS images.MethodsIn the proposed method, a full‐resolution residual stream and a deep supervision mechanism were introduced into TransU‐Net. The residual stream can keep full resolution features from different levels and enhance features fusion. Then, the deep supervision can suppress gradient dispersion. Moreover, the transformer module can suppress irrelevant features and improve feature extraction process. Two datasets (dataset A and B) were used for training and evaluation. The dataset A included 980 BUS image samples and the dataset B had 163 BUS image samples.ResultsCross‐validation was conducted. For the dataset A, the proposed DSTransUFRRN achieved significantly higher Dice (91.04 ± 0.86%) than all compared methods (p < 0.05). For the dataset B, the Dice was lower than that for the dataset A due to the small number of samples, but the Dice of DSTransUFRRN (88.15% ± 2.11%) was significantly higher than that of other compared methods (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn this study, we proposed DSTransUFRRN for BUS image segmentation. The proposed methods achieved significantly higher accuracy than the compared previous methods.
XRayWizard: Reconstructing 3‐D lung surfaces from a single 2‐D chest x‐ray image via Vision Transformer
Authors: Shi Zhiyi , Geng Kaiwen , Zhao Xiaoyan , Mahmoudi Farhad , Haas Christopher J , Leader Joseph K. , Duman Emrah , Pu Jiantao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundChest x‐ray is widely utilized for the evaluation of pulmonary conditions due to its technical simplicity, cost‐effectiveness, and portability. However, as a two‐dimensional (2‐D) imaging modality, chest x‐ray images depict limited anatomical details and are challenging to interpret.PurposeTo validate the feasibility of reconstructing three‐dimensional (3‐D) lungs from a single 2‐D chest x‐ray image via Vision Transformer (ViT).MethodsWe created a cohort of 2525 paired chest x‐ray images (scout images) and computed tomography (CT) acquired on different subjects and we randomly partitioned them as follows: (1) 1800 ‐ training set, (2) 200 ‐ validation set, and (3) 525 ‐ testing set. The 3‐D lung volumes segmented from the chest CT scans were used as the ground truth for supervised learning. We developed a novel model termed XRayWizard that employed ViT blocks to encode the 2‐D chest x‐ray image. The aim is to capture global information and establish long‐range relationships, thereby improving the performance of 3‐D reconstruction. Additionally, a pooling layer at the end of each transformer block was introduced to extract feature information. To produce smoother and more realistic 3‐D models, a set of patch discriminators was incorporated. We also devised a novel method to incorporate subject demographics as an auxiliary input to further improve the accuracy of 3‐D lung reconstruction. Dice coefficient and mean volume error were used as performance metrics as the agreement between the computerized results and the ground truth.ResultsIn the absence of subject demographics, the mean Dice coefficient for the generated 3‐D lung volumes achieved a value of 0.738 ± 0.091. When subject demographics were included as an auxiliary input, the mean Dice coefficient significantly improved to 0.769 ± 0.089 (p < 0.001), and the volume prediction error was reduced from 23.5 ± 2.7%. to 15.7 ± 2.9%.ConclusionOur experiment demonstrated the feasibility of reconstructing 3‐D lung volumes from 2‐D chest x‐ray images, and the inclusion of subject demographics as additional inputs can significantly improve the accuracy of 3‐D lung volume reconstruction.
Modeling the normal:abnormal spectrum of early childhood internalizing behaviors: A clinical‐developmental approach for the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Internalizing Dimensions
Authors: Wakschlag Lauren S. , Sherlock Phillip , Blackwell Courtney K. , Burns James L. , Krogh‐Jespersen Sheila , Gershon Richard C. , Cella David , Buss Kristin A. , Luby Joan L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS‐Internalizing (MAPS‐INT) scale.MethodsThe MAPS‐INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub‐sample of families (n = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.ResultsNormal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two‐factor MAPS‐INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful‐Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS‐INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good‐to‐excellent test‐retest reliability and validity.ConclusionsWe characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS‐INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS‐INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.
A 3D‐printed phantom for quality‐controlled reproducibility measurements of arterial spin labeled perfusion
Authors: Wang Yiming , Greer Joshua S. , Zhou Limin , Lin Sheng‐Qing , Hulsey Keith M. , Udayakumar Durga , Madhuranthakam Ananth J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop a portable MR perfusion phantom for quality‐controlled assessment and reproducibility of arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion measurement.MethodsA 3D‐printed perfusion phantom was developed that mimics the branching of arterial vessels, capillaries, and a chamber containing cellulose sponge representing tissue characteristics. A peristaltic pump circulated distilled water through the phantom, and was first evaluated at 300, 400, and 500 mL/min. Longitudinal reproducibility of perfusion was performed using 2D pseudo‐continuous ASL at 20 post‐label delays (PLDs, ranging between 0.2 and 7.8 s at 0.4‐s intervals) over a period of 16 weeks, with three repetitions each week. Multi‐PLD data were fitted into a general kinetic model for perfusion quantification (f) and arterial transit time (ATT). Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess intersession reproducibility.ResultsMR perfusion signals acquired in the 3D‐printed perfusion phantom agreed well with the experimental conditions, with progressively increasing signal intensities and decreasing ATT for pump flow rates from 300 to 500 mL/min. The perfusion signal at 400 mL/min and the general kinetic model–derived f and ATT maps were similar across all PLDs for both intrasession and intersession reproducibility. Across all 48 experimental time points, the average f was 75.55 ± 3.83 × 10−3 mL/mL/s, the corresponding ATT was 2.10 ± 0.20 s, and the T1 was 1.84 ± 0.102 s. Intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.83–0.97) for f, 0.96 (0.91–0.99) for ATT, and 0.94 (0.88–0.98) for T1, demonstrating excellent reproducibility.ConclusionA simple, portable 3D‐printed perfusion phantom with excellent reproducibility of 2D pseudo‐continuous ASL measurements was demonstrated that can serve for quality‐controlled and reliable measurements of ASL perfusion.
U.S. hybrid Striped Bass and Red Drum farms: Economic effects of the U.S. regulatory framework
Authors: Engle Carole R. , Senten Jonathan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Hybrid Striped Bass (HSB) and Red Drum Sciaenops ocellatus (known commercially as redfish) are important commercial sectors of foodfish production in the USA. The objective of this study was to measure the regulatory compliance burden on U.S. HSB and Red Drum farms.

Methods
National surveys were conducted in 2021 of U.S. hybrid Striped Bass and Red Drum farmers with response rates of 35% and 89% and coverage rates of 37% and 99.8%, respectively.

Result
Results showed that the regulatory costs were one of the greatest costs of production, at 22% of total costs on HSB farms and 15% on Red Drum farms. Nationally, the total annual regulatory compliance cost burden was US$4.5 million for HSB and $2.2 million annually for Red Drum farms. Per-farm, the regulatory cost burden was $152,698 ($1.20/kg) on HSB farms and $274,746/farm ($1.44/kg) on Red Drum farms. In addition, lost sales revenue on HSB farms was found to equal 92% of total sales revenue, at $31.3 million, and 54% of total sales revenue on Red Drum farms, at $13.6 million. The regulatory categories of greatest cost were those related to water rights and access, predatory bird management, and effluent discharge regulations.

Conclusion
Regulatory constraints have likely contributed to the contraction of the HSB sector from 2012 to 2018 and likely dampened the sales growth observed in Red Drum farming over the same time period. Smarter and more cost-effective approaches to regulatory oversight of U.S. aquaculture are needed that allow for growth to meet increased demand for locally produced food and to remove the economic incentives to import seafood produced under less environmentally sustainable conditions than those in the USA.
Does release size into net-pens affect survival of captively reared juvenile endangered suckers in Upper Klamath Lake?
Authors: Caldwell John M. , Burdick Summer M. , Krause Jacob R. , Harris Alta C. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
High juvenile mortality prevents recruitment into the adult populations of endangered Shortnose Sucker Chasmistes brevirostris and Lost River Sucker Deltistes luxatus in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. To address the lack of recruitment, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service implemented the Sucker Assisted Rearing Program (SARP). Managers developing the rearing program lack information about how length at release relates to survival. To determine how initial length affects survival of captively reared juvenile suckers, we introduced juvenile suckers from the SARP into three net-pens in Upper Klamath Lake.

Methods
The juvenile suckers ranged from 102 to 284 mm standard length, and each fish was tagged with a passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag. Fish were monitored continuously by PIT antennas and mortality was inferred when movements ceased.

Result
Estimated survival over 57 days was high in all net-pens (0.79–1.00) and remained high at two net-pens for 76 and 86 days. Adjusted survival curves resulting from a stratified Cox model with standard length as a covariate, indicated that length positively influenced predicted survival by as much as 41% at one site. During the study, pH and dissolved oxygen regularly exceeded no-effect thresholds at two sites and briefly reached lethal thresholds at the same two sites but did not coincide with the observed mortalities. Slower growth and the lowest survival were observed at the third site, where water quality never exceeded thresholds.

Conclusion
A larger release size and the location of the net-pen can improve the survivability of juvenile suckers in net-pens in Upper Klamath Lake.
Competencies expected of undergraduate nursing students: A scoping review
Authors: Purabdollah Majid , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Ghahramanian Akram , Valizadeh Leila , Mousavi Saeid , Ghasempour Mostafa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimNursing competencies are crucial indicators for providing quality and safe care. The lack of international agreement in this field has caused problems in the generalization and application of findings. The purpose of this review is to identify the core competencies necessary for undergraduate nursing students to enter nursing work.Data SourcesWe conducted a structured search using Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.Review MethodsWe conducted a scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, supported by the PAGER framework, and guided by the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist. Inclusion criteria included full‐text articles in English, quantitative and qualitative research related to competencies for undergraduate students or newly graduated nurses, competency assessment, and tool development from 1970 to 2022. We excluded articles related to specific nursing roles, specific contexts, Master's and Ph.D. curricula, hospital work environment competencies, and editorial.ResultsOut of 15,875 articles, we selected 43 studies, and data analysis with summative content analysis identified five themes named individualized care, professional nursing process, nursing administration, readiness, and professional development.ConclusionConsidering the dynamics of competencies and their change with time, experience, and setting, it is necessary to update, localize, and levelling of the proposed competencies based on the culture of each country.ImpactThese competencies provide a guide for undergraduate nursing curriculum development and offer a framework for both clinical instruction and the evaluation of nursing students.
Excess adiposity and iron‐deficient status in Colombian women of reproductive age
Authors: Suarez‐Ortegón Milton Fabián , Ordoñez‐Betancourth Jenny Elizabeth , Ortega‐Ávila José Guillermo , Yibby Forero Ana , Fernández‐Real José Manuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveInformation about excess adiposity markers different from BMI and iron status is limited and more so about the shape of these associations. This study evaluated the relationship between three adiposity markers and iron‐deficient status in reproductive‐age women.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis in 6357 non‐pregnant women from the Colombian nutritional health survey (ENSIN) 2010. Exposures were the following: waist circumference (WC), waist‐to‐height ratio (W‐HtR), BMI, and WC > 80 cm, W‐HtR > 0.5, and BMI ≥ 25 and ≥30. Outcomes were the following: iron deficiency (ID) as serum ferritin <15 μg/L, ID as ferritin <30 μg/L, anemia, and continuous values of ferritin and hemoglobin. Logistic and linear regressions adjusted for sociodemographic/inflammation covariates were conducted.ResultsAll the adiposity markers, continuous or categorical, were inversely and significantly associated with both ID thresholds in fully adjusted models (p < 0.05). W‐HtR reported stronger effect estimates for ID (odds ratios < 0.5) and for prediction of log‐ferritin levels (fully adjusted β‐coefficient [95% CI] 0.61 [0.39–0.82],p < 0.01) and was also inversely associated with anemia (p < 0.05). In cubic splines analyses, W‐HtR, WC, and BMI were linearly associated with ID from values closer to international thresholds of general or central obesity, and the patterns of WC and BMI tended toward flatness. A significant decline in the likelihood of anemia was steeper by increasing W‐HtR than by increasing BMI. After exclusion of women with C reactive protein >  5 mg/L or adjustment for C reactive protein, adiposity markers remained significantly related to ferritin levels and W‐HtR with anemia.ConclusionsWomen with higher adiposity were less likely to have an iron‐deficient status. W‐HtR was the strongest and most consistently associated marker. Inflammation would not be involved in the associations found.
Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Cancer Patients After Head and Neck Surgery: A Proportional Meta‐analysis
Authors: Ho Mu‐Hsing , Li Polly Wai Chi , Lin Yen‐Kuang , Lee Jung Jae , Lin Chia‐Chin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize the incidence of postoperative delirium among cancer patients undergoing head and neck surgery and determine the differential incidence rates among patients undergoing different types of head and neck surgeries.Data SourcesThe databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched from inception till February 2023. Keywords based on the condition (delirium), context (postoperative), and population (head and neck cancer) were used as search terms.Review MethodsThe PRISMA and MOOSE reporting guidelines were followed. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists for cohort studies, case‐control studies, and randomized controlled trials were used to evaluate the methodological quality. Data were pooled using a random‐effects model, and the incidence with 95% confidence intervals was evaluated using the exact binomial method and Freeman‐Tukey double arcsine transformation of proportions. I2 was used to indicate heterogeneity. Predefined subgroup analysis and Meta‐regression, was performed to identify the factors affecting heterogeneity.ResultsThe summary incidence of postoperative delirium was 18.95% [95% confidence interval, 14.36%‐24.00%] with between‐study heterogeneity (I2 = 95.46%). The incidence of postoperative delirium in patients who underwent free flap reconstruction was 22.13%, which was higher than those of other types of surgeries. Meta‐regression revealed that conducted in sample size (P = .007) of the included studies was the factors affecting heterogeneity.ConclusionsThe evidence on postoperative delirium incidence provided by the current Meta‐analysis enables effective treatment planning.
Detection and characterization of local nonlinearity in a clamped‐clamped beam with state space realization
Authors: Gogilan Umaaran , Oveisi Atta , Nestorović Tamara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe state space representation of linear and nonlinear systems is widely used in the literature for system characterization, system identification, and model‐based control synthesis. In the case of systems with local nonlinearity, the realization of a state space model where the states are physically interpretable as a requirement has been a challenging task. This requirement becomes more emphasized, especially in the scope of industrial high‐precision systems. Consequently, the class of black‐box system identification approaches becomes less attractive. In the scope of this paper, we are interested in modeling systems with dominant local nonlinearity where employing linear models can only cover a limited range of system dynamics. More specifically, geometric nonlinearities which are present in the joints (bolted) of structural interfaces are analyzed. The main goal is to provide systematical modeling of such systems without using a sparse nonlinear representation. Such a low‐order nonlinear model can improve the simplicity of analyzing the nonlinear system and can be used for structural vibration and noise control. In order not to neglect the sophisticated linear modeling technique, the linear model is proposed to be extended by means of smooth nonlinear terms. The systematic approach contains the modeling of the linear counterpart followed by the localization and characterization steps in the well‐known three‐step paradigm. For the characterization step, this work relies on the acceleration surface method (ASM). The experimental setup under study, as a benchmark, is a set of two beams of different lengths and thicknesses connected by a screw that is excited by a mechanical shaker. The axes are oriented in the transverse direction of the beams, while the boundaries are realized as imperfect clamped‐clamped boundary conditions at two ends in the model. Consequently, by selecting the excitation amplitude, we can control the dominant dynamics at lower excitation amplitudes and invoke the local nonlinearity at higher amplitudes. For higher excitation levels using sine sweep signals, the phase space information of the shaker and accelerometer sensors is used to detect the local nonlinearities along the clamped‐clamped beam. The detected and characterized nonlinearities are incorporated into the linear system as a systematic approach for modeling such a structurally nonlinear system.