bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The functional study of a novel MKRN3 missense mutation associated with familial central precocious puberty
Authors: Chen Ziwei , You Qing , Wang Junqi , Dong Zhiya , Wang Wei , Yang Yuanyan , Ma Xiaoyu , Li Chuanyin , Lu Wenli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCentral precocious puberty (CPP) refers to a syndrome of early puberty initiation with a characteristic increase in the release of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH); therefore, it is also called GnRH‐related precocious puberty. About a quarter of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) may be familial. Studies suggest that mutations of makorin ring finger protein 3 (MKRN3) can cause familial central precocious puberty (FCPP). In this report, we describe a Chinese female patient carrying a novel MKRN3 variant (c.980G>A/p.Arg327His) and presenting the CPP phenotype. This novel variant attenuated its own ubiquitination, degradation, and inhibition on the transcriptional and translational activity of GNRH1, which was verified through functional tests. We can consider this variant as a loss‐of‐function mutation, which subsides the inhibition of GnRH1‐related signaling and gives rise to GnRH‐related precocious puberty.
An outcome‐wide analysis of the effects of diagnostic labeling of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias on social relationships
Authors: Amano Takashi , Halvorsen Cal J. , Kim Seoyoun , Reynolds Addam , Scher Clara , Jia Yuane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study examines how receiving a dementia diagnosis influences social relationships by race and ethnicity.METHODSUsing data from the Health and Retirement Study (10 waves; 7,159 observations) of adults 70 years and older predicted to have dementia using Gianattasio‐Power scores (91% accuracy), this study assessed changes in social support, engagement, and networks after a dementia diagnosis. We utilized quasi‐experimental methods to estimate treatment effects and subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity.RESULTSA diagnostic label significantly increased the likelihood of gaining social support but reduced social engagement and one measure of social networks. With some exceptions, the results were similar by race and ethnicity.DISCUSSIONResults suggest that among older adults with assumed dementia, being diagnosed by a doctor may influence social relationships in both support‐seeking and socially withdrawn ways. This suggests that discussing services and supports at the time of diagnosis is important for healthcare professionals.
Multi‐omics analyses reveal the interaction between colonic microbiota and host in Min and Yorkshire pigs
Authors: Huang Xiaoyu , Li Huihui , Cheng Feng , Wang Ligang , Cao Guoqing , Wang Lixian , Shi Lijun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdoption of microbial preparations is becoming more and more prevalent in the pig breeding industry. Digestive tract microbes are recognized as crucial elements affecting physical characteristics of pigs. Until now, it is still challenging to establish connections between colonic microbiome and the host. In this study, weight gain models were created for Min and Yorkshire pigs. The colonic contents and colonic tissues were collected from two pig purebred strains (n = 8/group) with similar weights for multi‐omics analysis. By difference analysis of colonic microbiota, Min pigs observed a significantly higher relative abundance of Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Roseburia, and Parabacteroides, and Yorkshire pigs had a strongly higher relative abundance of Streptococcus, Vescimonas, Ligilactobacillus, and Lactococcus. Functional annotation showed that the colonic microbiota of Min pigs had extensive dietary polysaccharide and immunomodulatory capacity. Through the correlation analysis of colonic microbiota with metabolomics of colonic content or transcriptomics of colonic tissues, we provided direct and indirect relationships of microorganisms and hosts. By verification, the contents of Occludin, ZO‐1, and pIgR in colonic tissue and sIgA, sIgG, and sIgM in colonic contents of Min pigs were significantly higher than that in Yorkshire pigs. This study revealed characteristics and functions of the colonic microbiota in Min and Yorkshire pigs and analyzed their interactions with the host. Also, we identified immune‐related microorganisms. These results provided a theoretical basis for understanding the influence of colonic microbiota on phenotype shaping in pigs.
Weight Loss Induced by Antiobesity Medications and All‐Cause Mortality Among Patients With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wei Jie , Hunter David , Lane Nancy E. , Wu Jing , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThe current guidelines recommend weight loss for patients with overweight or obesity and knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA); however, there is a paucity of data on the relation of weight loss to death among patients with OA. We aimed to examine the relation of the rate of weight loss induced by antiobesity medications over one year to all‐cause mortality among patients with overweight or obesity and knee or hip OA.MethodsUsing the IQVIA Medical Research Database, we identified people with overweight or obesity and knee or hip OA. We emulated analyses of a hypothetical target trial to assess the effect of slow‐to‐moderate (2%–10%) or fast (≥10%) weight loss induced by the initiation of antiobesity medications within one year on all‐cause mortality and secondary outcomes over five years’ follow‐up.ResultsAmong 6,524 participants, the five‐year all‐cause mortality rates were 5.3%, 4.0%, and 5.4% for weight gain or stable, slow‐to‐moderate weight loss, and fast weight loss arms, respectively. Compared with the weight gain or stable arm, hazard ratios of all‐cause mortality were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–0.92) for the slow‐to‐moderate weight loss arm and 0.99 (95% CI 0.67–1.44) for the fast weight loss arm. We found dose–response protective effects of weight loss on incident hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and venous thromboembolism but a slightly higher risk of cardiovascular disease, albeit not statistically significant, in the fast rate of weight loss arm than in the weight gain or stable arm and no significant relations of weight loss to the risk of cancer.ConclusionIn this population‐based study, a slow‐to‐moderate, but not fast, rate of weight loss induced by antiobesity medications is associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality in people with overweight or obesity and knee or hip OA.image
A comparison of pre‐ and post‐clinical education learning preferences among medical students who elected to dissect compared to those who did not during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Liang Collin G. , Matsunaga Masako , Takakusagi Melia , DeMeo J , Thompson Jesse D. , Rettenmeier Christoph , Aytaç Güneş , Lee U‐Young , Lozanoff Scott 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnatomy instructional methods varied widely during the COVID‐19 pandemic and programs are assessing innovations for retention. Learning preferences were assessed among medical students dichotomized as elective dissectors (ED) or non‐dissectors (ND) during the COVID‐19 partial re‐opening in 2020 (preclinical) and again in 2022 after clinical exposure (post‐clinical) to assess the viability of elective dissection post‐pandemic. A mixed‐method approach was used for the assessment of test scores, learning preference surveys, learning activities rankings, and thematic analyses. No significant differences occurred in anatomy examination scores. Dissection was considered useful by both preclinical groups but significantly more so by ED, while the presence of an instructor was significantly preferred by ED although a majority of ND agreed. Elective dissection was significantly preferred by ND but also by a large minority of ED students. Pre‐ and post‐clinical ND believed that elective dissection offered more academic flexibility, did not hinder clinical learning, and did not negatively impact medical education. The corresponding ED stated that confidence improved, clinical experiences were enhanced, and dissection was irreplaceable. Preclinical ND preferred self‐learning, while ED students preferred online learning, but these differences largely disappeared post‐clinically. Learning activity rankings were not significantly different among all groups (ND, ED, preclinical, and post‐clinical). A hybrid laboratory with a virtual learning environment ranked highest across groups and preferences increased over time suggesting that students benefited from this instructional method during clinical exposure. The absence of laboratory experience ranked lowest, and preference decreased over time suggesting that anatomy dissection is valued.
High‐sensitivity immunoassay on interdigitated electrode to detect osteoporosis biological marker
Authors: Liu Jianwen , Chen Xiaohai , Lv Hanlin , He Shuming , Fan Yong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOsteoporosis is with porous bones, which refers to a decrease in the bone mineral density and weakens the bones to become brittle. Osteoporosis often progresses without any pain or symptoms until the bone fractures. Monitoring the condition of bone regularly helps to identify the bone that weakens at its earlier stages. In general, radiological techniques have been used to measure bone mineral density, are expensive, and the procedures are complicated. Therefore, researchers are focusing on the alternative method of biomarker quantification to identify bone mineral density. This research work was focused on quantifying the osteoporosis biomarker of C‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX‐I) on an interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor. Gold nanomaterial‐modified anti‐CTX‐I antibody was attached to silica nanomaterial‐decorated IDE and then identified by CTX‐I interaction. Higher immobilization of antibodies was recorded on diamond‐modified IDE through gold nanoparticles, and detected CTX‐I as low as 0.5 pg/mL [y = 1.5507x − 0.9043 R2 = 0.9715], determined on a linear curve at the range 0.5–3.5 ng/mL. Further, specific identification of CTX‐I was confirmed by control performances with osteopontin, IL‐6, and anti‐IgG antibody.
Evaluation of the relationship of cytokines concentrations tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐6, and C‐reactive protein in obese diabetics and obese non‐diabetics: A comparative study
Authors: Mohammad Imad Jassim , Kashanian Soheila , Rafipour Ronak , Aljwaid Husam , Hashemi Sadegh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObesity has been linked to a low‐grade inflammatory process in the white adipose tissue. Our study aims to detect the relationship between cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in obese diabetics, compared to obese non‐diabetics, Iraqi individuals. Ninety Iraqi adults, 45 type 2 diabetic and 45 non‐diabetic obese, were selected as controls. Serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, CRP, homeostatic model assessment for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR), body fat, and body mass index (BMI) were measured. The concentration of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and CRP were significantly greater in the obese diabetics, compared to the obese non‐diabetics. BMI was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and CRP in the two groups. At the same time, HOMA‐IR was non‐significantly positively associated with them in obese diabetics. In contrast, the correlation was significantly positive between HOMA‐IR with TNF‐a, IL‐6, and CRP in the obese non‐diabetics group. Obese diabetics have more inflammation than obese non‐diabetics as evidenced by the former's higher levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6. Obesity‐related imbalances disrupt metabolic processes and increase CRP, TNF‐, and IL‐6 levels. Therefore, IR is promoted by the increase of cytokines.
An experimental analysis of task refusal: A comparison of negative reinforcement contingencies and transitions between academic tasks
Authors: Pálsdóttir Erna Dögg , Magnússon Atli Freyr , Sveinbjörnsdóttir Berglind 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to do an experimental analysis of academic task refusal for one girl with a developmental disability. Task refusal was analyzed in two experimental analyses. First, an analysis testing if the behavior was maintained by negative reinforcement, and the second, an analysis testing if the behavior was the result of transitioning between academic tasks differing in preference. Task refusal did not occur in the demand condition of the functional analysis, indicating that the behavior was not maintained by escape from demands. Conversely, task refusal occurred solely in the second experimental analysis when transitioning from a high‐preferred to a low‐preferred academic task. In this case, the context of terminating a preferred academic task and transitioning to a less preferred academic task was aversive but not the demand itself. In addition, when an embedded break condition was compared to a no break condition in a multielement design, task refusal was reduced to zero levels.
MRI radiomics model for predicting TERT promoter mutation status in glioblastoma
Authors: Chen Ling , Chen Runrong , Li Tao , Huang Lizhao , Tang Chuyun , Li Yao , Zeng Zisan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe presence of TERT promoter mutations has been associated with worse prognosis and resistance to therapy for patients with glioblastoma (GBM). This study aimed to determine whether the combination model of different feature selections and classification algorithms based on multiparameter MRI can be used to predict TERT subtype in GBM patients.MethodsA total of 143 patients were included in our retrospective study, and 2553 features were obtained. The datasets were randomly divided into training and test sets in a ratio of 7:3. The synthetic minority oversampling technique was used to achieve data balance. The Pearson correlation coefficients were used for dimension reduction. Three feature selections and five classification algorithms were used to model the selected features. Finally, 10‐fold cross validation was applied to the training dataset.ResultsA model with eight features generated by recursive feature elimination (RFE) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) showed the greatest diagnostic performance (area under the curve values for the training, validation, and testing sets: 0.983, 0.964, and 0.926, respectively), followed by relief and random forest (RF), analysis of variance and RF. Furthermore, the relief was the optimal feature selection for separately evaluating those five classification algorithms, and RF was the most preferable algorithm for separately assessing the three feature selectors. ADC entropy was the parameter that made the greatest contribution to the discrimination of TERT mutations.ConclusionsRadiomics model generated by RFE and LDA mainly based on ADC entropy showed good performance in predicting TERT promoter mutations in GBM.
The adoption of I4.0 technologies for a sustainable and circular supply chain: an industry‐based SEM analysis from the textile sector
Authors: Hmamed Hala , Cherrafi Anass , Benghabrit Asmaa , Tiwari Sunil , Sharma Pankaj 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrently, researchers have been particularly interested in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) as a combination of novel revolutionary digital technologies. This evolution is transforming how organizations operate to promote sustainable and circular practices. Consequently, this research empirically investigates the capabilities of I4.0 adoption to establish a sustainable and circular supply chain. The study investigates the impact of organizational factors on the deployment of I4.0 technologies to achieve sustainability objectives. Furthermore, this approach combines empirical and qualitative analyses within a methodological framework to investigate the relationship between organizational factors, I4.0 adoption, sustainable, and circular practices. In this context, survey responses have been collected from 323 supply chain professionals in the textile sector in Morocco. Consequently, employing structural equation modeling, our results reveal a strong link between I4.0 adoption and the promotion of circular and sustainable approaches. The study finds a positive association between I4.0 adoption, technological readiness, and environmental responsiveness while highlighting the challenges posed by organizational practices on I4.0 implementation in developing countries. This research contributes to the theoretical foundations of the potential influence of I4.0 technologies, and it provides practical contributions for stakeholders to effectively embrace I4.0 technologies and thereby drive more sustainable and efficient practices.
Phytochemical Profile of Alkaloid Extract from Dendrobium huoshanense and Inhibitory Effects against Oxidative Stress in H2O2‐Induced PC12 Cells
Authors: Hui Ailing , Chen Jingchao , Deng Shaohuan , Chen Yan , He Xianglin , Yang Li , Zhang Wencheng , Wu Zeyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the alkaloid profile of Dendrobium huoshanense and determine the potential protective effect against oxidative damage. The crude D. huoshanense alkaloid extract (DHAE) was obtained by 70 % ethanol extraction and liquid‐liquid partition. DHAE contained specific alkaloid components with abundant 6‐hydroxynobiline (58.15 %) and trace dendrobine (3.23 %) in the preliminary HPLC fingerprint and GC‐MS analysis, which was distinguished from D. officinale or D. nobile. Subsequently, six alkaloids including 6‐hydroxynobiline, 2‐hydroxy dendrobine, nobilonine, dendrobine, Findlayines D and trans‐dendrochrysanine were identified in the purified DHAE (namely DHSAE‐3, DHSAE‐3′) via further solid phase extraction coupled with UPLC‐MS/MS analysis. Meanwhile, pretreatment with DHAE or DHSAE (0.5, 5 μg/mL) increased cell viability by 14.0–57.4 % compared to that of H2O2‐induced PC12 Model cells. Among them, 5 μg/mL DHSAE‐3‐treated cells displayed a pronounced reversion than the positive vitamin E (p<0.01). Furthermore, a clear cellular morphological restoration and 38.4 % reduction in intracellular reactive oxidative species level were achieved. Our findings suggest that D. huoshanense has a characteristic alkaloid profile represented by abundant 6‐hydroxynobiline, and DHAEs exhibit obvious protection against oxidative neuronal damage. Overall, this study indicates that DHAEs might be used to inhibit oxidative stress and provide a source to develop novel neuroprotective drugs.
Congenital tunnel‐shaped ventricular septal defect
Authors: Eftekhari Mohammad Reza , Parkhideh Roya , Khoshavi Meysam , Nakhaee Akram 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report a 47‐year‐old man who presented with right‐sided heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a tunnel‐shaped communication (ventricular septal defect) between the left ventricle and the right ventricle with a significant left‐to‐right shunt. The VSD is connected to the lateral wall of the right ventricle by a large tunnel.
Bezoars: Culprits of gastrointestinal obstruction that may lead to surgical intervention and potentially surgical complications
Authors: Powell Shannon D. , Pereira Nicholas 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageBezoars can cause gastrointestinal obstruction and may require surgery. Surgery carries the risk of complications. Medical professionals should perform detailed history in diet and behaviors for patients presenting with abdominal pain to identify risk factors for bezoars, then educate these patients and their families about risks and complications of bezoars.AbstractBezoars are solid masses of undigested material that can cause obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. There are different types of bezoars; phytobezoar, trichobezoar, pharmacobezoar, lactobezoar, and bezoars containing tissue paper or polystyrene foam. This case report is of a 13‐year‐old Hispanic male who suffered a postsurgical complication after removal of bezoar. He had a past surgical history of appendectomy and presented to the hospital with a 1‐day history of right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with fever and diarrhea. X‐radiation images and computed tomography scans aided in the diagnosis of pelvic abscess as a complication of postsurgical enterotomy and closure of the enterotomy to remove bezoar from the small bowel. The initial bezoar removal and the postsurgical complication of pelvic abscess resulted in the patient staying for 19 days in the hospital. At discharge, the patient and his guardian were advised to follow up with the patient's primary care physician and surgical team. The patient made an uneventful recovery. He did not experience any long‐term complications and fully recovered. This report demonstrates that although bezoars are rare, they can cause significant obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract leading to the need for management, such as surgery, which carries its own risks. It is important to note that the postsurgical complication of pelvic abscess can occur due to surgery itself and not because of bezoar specifically. Abdominal surgery in general poses the risk of pelvic abscess. The consideration is to expectantly decrease the occurrence of bezoars so that consequently there will not be a need for surgery in removal of bezoars due to obstruction. The effects of bezoars can be prevented through educating the community and addressing underlying psychiatric disorders.
Folliculitis decalvans managed with adalimumab: A case report
Authors: Alsantali Adel , Baghdadi Razan , Alghamdi Yara , Abbas Elham Bin , Ghazi Rafah 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageFolliculitis decalvans (FD) is a rare neutrophilic cicatricial alopecia of the scalp that manifest with inflammation, pruritus, pustules, and tufted hair. Most dermatologist treat FD with topical or oral antibiotics. We recommend considering treatment with biologics to preserve and stabilize the ongoing inflammatory process in moderate to severe FD.
Transformation of a long‐standing phosphaturic tumor‐inducing osteomalacia into malignancy
Authors: Malagon‐Rangel Jose , Solis Jose Gabriel , Zavala‐Jonguitud Luis Fernando , Basile‐Alvarez Martín Roberto , Malagon‐Liceaga Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Key Clinical MessageTumor‐induced osteomalacia is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting and deranged bone turnover. Clinicians should consider tumor‐induced osteomalacia in unexplained hypophosphatemia and investigate for underlying tumors.AbstractTumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting, which leads to deranged bone turnover. TIO is usually associated with benign mesenchymal tumors, although it has also been reported in malignant tumors. We present the case of a 56‐year‐old individual who experienced a protracted 6‐year clinical course characterized by hypophosphatemia, weakness, and kyphosis, alongside the presence of a foot tumor. Subsequently, this lesion displayed malignant behavior and was ultimately diagnosed as a high‐grade sarcoma. To date, this case is among the 10 reported cases in the literature of a mesenchymal tumor associated with TIO undergoing malignant transformation. This report underscores the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of patients with unexplained hypophosphatemia and highlights the need for diligent follow‐up to detect possible malignant transformation of the underlying tumor. Clinicians should consider TIO in the differential diagnosis of hypophosphatemia and promptly investigate for the presence of an underlying tumor, as early detection may improve the patient's prognosis.