bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of the Anomalous Hall Effect in a Layered Polar Semiconductor
Authors: Kim Seo‐Jin , Zhu Jihang , Piva Mario M. , Schmidt Marcus , Fartab Dorsa , Mackenzie Andrew P. , Baenitz Michael , Nicklas Michael , Rosner Helge , Cook Ashley M. , González‐Hernández Rafael , Šmejkal Libor , Zhang Haijing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProgress in magnetoelectric materials is hindered by apparently contradictory requirements for time‐reversal symmetry broken and polar ferroelectric electronic structure in common ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. Alternative routes can be provided by recent discoveries of a time‐reversal symmetry breaking anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in noncollinear magnets and altermagnets, but hitherto reported bulk materials are not polar. Here, the authors report the observation of a spontaneous AHE in doped AgCrSe2, a layered polar semiconductor with an antiferromagnetic coupling between Cr spins in adjacent layers. The anomalous Hall resistivity 3 is comparable to the largest observed in compensated magnetic systems to date, and is rapidly switched off when the angle of an applied magnetic field is rotated to ≈80° from the crystalline c‐axis. The ionic gating experiments show that the anomalous Hall conductivity magnitude can be enhanced by modulating the p‐type carrier density. They also present theoretical results that suggest the AHE is driven by Berry curvature due to noncollinear antiferromagnetic correlations among Cr spins, which are consistent with the previously suggested magnetic ordering in AgCrSe2. The results open the possibility to study the interplay of magnetic and ferroelectric‐like responses in this fascinating class of materials.
Study on Growth of Tungsten Bronze Phase from Niobate Perovskite Ceramics in Controlled Atmosphere for Photoferroelectric Applications
Authors: Shi Xi , Bai Yang , Wichmann Christoph , Moritz Michael , Kuhfuß Michel , Papp Christian , Khansur Neamul H 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent research has found that by introducing A‐site deficiency into Ba/Ni co‐doped (K,Na)NbO3 ABO3‐type perovskite, a beneficial interface for photoferroelectric applications is formed between the perovskite and tungsten bronze (TB) phases. To date, such an interface is formed only spontaneously, and the growth mechanism of the TB phase in the perovskite phase is unclear. This work investigates controlled interface formation using KNBNNO (K0.50Na0.44Ba0.04Ni0.02Nb0.98O2.98) annealed at different temperatures for different durations, and in various atmospheres. Structural, microstructural, and chemical analyses suggest that vacuum, N2, and O2 atmospheres promote the growth of the TB phase from the sample surface, of which the thickness increases with annealing temperature and duration. In contrast, annealing in air does not promote such growth due to lower evaporation of K and Na. Among all atmospheres, the growth starts the earliest, i.e., at 800 °C, in vacuum compared to that as late as 1000 °C in O2. The association of growth of the TB phase with the degree of alkali volatilization that is dependent on the atmosphere, and that with the resultant variation in diffusion rate, uncovers the formation mechanism of the beneficial interface that may also be applicable to other KNN‐based materials for advanced photoferroelectric applications.
Multivalent Cation Transport in Polymer Electrolytes – Reflections on an Old Problem
Authors: Jeschull Fabian , Hub Cornelius , Kolesnikov Timofey I. , Sundermann David , Hernández Guiomar , Voll Dominik , Mindemark Jonas , Théato Patrick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractToday an unprecedented diversification is witnessed in battery technologies towards so‐called post‐Li batteries, which include both other monovalent (Na+ or K+) and multivalent ions (e.g., Mg2+ or Ca2+). This development is driven, among other factors, by goals to establish more sustainable and cheaper raw material platforms, using more abundant raw material, while maintaining high energy densities. For these new technologies a decisive role falls to the electrolyte, that ultimately needs to form stable electrode‐electrolyte interfaces and provide sufficient ionic conductivity, while guaranteeing high safety. The transport of metal‐ions in a polymer matrix is studied extensively as solid electrolytes for battery applications, particularly for Li‐ion batteries and are now also considered for multivalent systems. This poses a great challenge as ion transport in the solid becomes increasingly difficult for multivalent ions. Interestingly, this topic is a subject of interest for many years in the 80s and 90s and many of the problems then are still causing issues today. Owing to recent progress in this field new possibilities arise for multivalent ion transport in solid polymer electrolytes. For this reason, in this perspective a stroll down memory lane is taken, discuss current advancements and dare a peek into the future.
Nonconventional aggregation‐induced emission polysiloxanes: Structures, characteristics, and applications
Authors: Zhao Yan , Xu Lei , He Yanyun , Feng Zhixuan , Feng Weixu , Yan Hongxia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNonconventional luminescent materials have been rising stars in organic luminophores due to their intrinsic characteristics, including water‐solubility, biocompatibility, and environmental friendliness and have shown potential applications in diverse fields. As an indispensable branch of nonconventional luminescent materials, polysiloxanes, which consist of electron‐rich auxochromic groups, have exhibited outstanding photophysical properties due to the unique silicon atoms. The flexible Si‐O bonds benefit the aggregation, and the empty 3d orbitals of Si atoms can generate coordination bonds including N → Si and O → Si, altering the electron delocalization of the material and improving the luminescent purity. Herein, we review the recent progress in luminescent polysiloxanes with different topologies and discuss the challenges and perspectives. With an emphasis on the driving force for the aggregation and the mechanism of tuned emissions, the role of Si atoms played in the nonconventional luminophores is highlighted. This review may provide new insights into the design of nonconventional luminescent materials and expand their further applications in sensing, biomedicine, lighting devices, etc.
Fluorescent pH‐sensing bandage for point‐of‐care wound diagnostics
Authors: Al‐Hawat Marie‐Lynn , Cherifi Katia , Tricou Léo‐Paul , Lamontagne Stéphanie , Tran Minh , Ngu Amy Ching Yie , Manrique Gabriela , Guirguis Natalie , Machuca‐Parra Arturo Israel , Matoori Simon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious and prevalent complication of diabetes. Current diagnostic options are limited to macroscopic wound analysis such as wound size, depth, and infection. Molecular diagnostics promise to improve DFU diagnosis, staging, and assessment of treatment response. Here, we developed a rapid and easy‐to‐use fluorescent pH‐sensing bandage for wound diagnostics. In a fluorescent dye screen, we identified pyranine as the lead compound due to its suitable pH‐sensing properties in the clinically relevant pH range of 6–9. To minimize the release of this dye into the wound bed, we screened a library of ionic microparticles and found a strong adhesion of the anionic dye to a cationic polymeric microparticle. These dye‐loaded microparticles showed a strong fluorescence response in the clinically relevant pH range of 6–9 and a dye release below 1% after 1 day in biological media. The dye‐loaded microparticles were subsequently encapsulated in a calcium alginate hydrogel to minimize the interaction of the microparticles with the wound tissue. This pH‐sensing diagnostic wound dressing was tested on full thickness dorsal wounds of mice, and a linear fluorescence response (R2 = 0.9909) to clinically relevant pH values was observed. These findings encourage further development of this pH‐sensing system for molecular diagnostics in DFUs.
What explains the high island endemicity of Philippine Rafflesia? A species distribution modeling analysis of three threatened parasitic plant species and their hosts
Authors: Obico Jasper J. A. , Lapuz R. Sedricke C. , Barcelona Julie F. , Pelser Pieter B. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPremiseRafflesia are rare holoparasitic plants. In the Philippines, all but one species are found only on single islands. This study aimed to better understand the factors contributing to this distributional pattern. Specifically, we sought to determine whether narrow environmental tolerances of host and/or parasite species might explain their island endemicity.MethodsWe used Maxent species distribution modeling to identify areas with suitable habitat for R. lagascae, R. lobata, and R. speciosa and their Tetrastigma host species. These analyses were carried out for current climate conditions and two future climate change scenarios.ResultsAlthough species distribution models indicated suitable environmental conditions for the Tetrastigma host species in many parts of the Philippines, considerably fewer areas were inferred to have suitable conditions for the three Rafflesia species. Some of these areas are on islands from which they have not been reported. All three species will face significant threats as a result of climate change.ConclusionsOur results suggest that limited inter‐island dispersibility and/or specific environmental requirements are likely responsible for the current pattern of island endemicity of the three Rafflesia species, rather than environmental requirements of their Tetrastigma host species.
Role of Basal Forebrain Neurons in Adrenomyeloneuropathy in Mice and Humans
Authors: Gong Yi , Laheji Fiza , Berenson Anna , Li Yedda , Moser Ann , Qian April , Frosch Matthew , Sadjadi Reza , Hahn Ryan , Maguire Casey A. , Eichler Florian 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveX‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy is caused by mutations in the peroxisomal half‐transporter ABCD1. The most common manifestation is adrenomyeloneuropathy, a hereditary spastic paraplegia of adulthood. The present study set out to understand the role of neuronal ABCD1 in mice and humans with adrenomyeloneuropathy.MethodsNeuronal expression of ABCD1 during development was assessed in mice and humans. ABCD1‐deficient mice and human brain tissues were examined for corresponding pathology. Next, we silenced ABCD1 in cholinergic Sh‐sy5y neurons to investigate its impact on neuronal function. Finally, we tested adeno‐associated virus vector‐mediated ABCD1 delivery to the brain in mice with adrenomyeloneuropathy.ResultsABCD1 is highly expressed in neurons located in the periaqueductal gray matter, basal forebrain and hypothalamus. In ABCD1‐deficient mice (Abcd1−/y), these structures showed mild accumulations of α‐synuclein. Similarly, healthy human controls had high expression of ABCD1 in deep gray nuclei, whereas X‐ALD patients showed increased levels of phosphorylated tau, gliosis, and complement activation in those same regions, albeit not to the degree seen in neurodegenerative tauopathies. Silencing ABCD1 in Sh‐sy5y neurons impaired expression of functional proteins and decreased acetylcholine levels, similar to observations in plasma of Abcd1−/y mice. Notably, hind limb clasping in Abcd1−/y mice was corrected through transduction of ABCD1 in basal forebrain neurons following intracerebroventricular gene delivery.InterpretationOur study suggests that the basal forebrain–cortical cholinergic pathway may contribute to dysfunction in adrenomyeloneuropathy. Rescuing peroxisomal transport activity in basal forebrain neurons and supporting glial cells might represent a viable therapeutic strategy. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:442–458
Diborodichloromethane as Versatile Reagent for Chemodivergent Synthesis of gem‐Diborylalkanes
Authors: Fang Tongchang , Wang Liwei , Wu Miaomiao , Qi Xiaotian , Liu Chao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe development of boron reagents is crucial for synthetic chemistry. Herein, we present a scalable and practical synthesis of diborodichloromethane (DBDCM) through the reaction of trichloromethyllithium with bis(pinacolato)diboron (B2pin2). The resulting DBDCM reagent serves as a basic synthetic unit for the construction of various structurally diverse gem‐diborylalkanes through controllable C−Cl functionalizations. Moreover, we have developed consecutive tetra‐functionalizations of DBDCM for the construction of diverse tertiary and quaternary carbon containing molecules. The use of isotopically enriched 13C‐chloroform and 10B2pin2 enables the synthesis of isotopically enriched 13C‐DBDCM and 10B‐DBDCM reagents, which are beneficial for the convenient synthesis of carbon‐13 and boron‐10 molecules.
Vacancy‐induced catalytic mechanism for alcohol electrooxidation on nickel‐based electrocatalyst
Authors: Chen Wei , Shi Jianqiao , Wu Yandong , Jiang Yimin , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Zhou Wang , Liu Jilei , Dong Chung‐Li , Zou Yuqin , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOwing to outstanding performances, nickel‐based electrocatalysts are commonly used in electrochemical alcohol oxidation reactions (AORs), and the active phase is usually vacancy‐rich nickel oxide/hydroxide (NiOxHy) species. However, researchers are not aware of the catalytic role of atom vacancy in AORs. Here, we study vacancy‐induced catalytic mechanisms for AORs on NiOxHy species. As to AORs on oxygen‐vacancy‐poor β‐Ni(OH)2, the only redox mediator is electrooxidation‐induced electrophilic lattice oxygen species, which can only catalyze the dehydrogenation process (e.g., the electrooxidation of primary alcohol to carboxylic acid) instead of the C−C bond cleavage. Hence, vicinal diol electrooxidation reaction involving the C−C bond cleavage is not feasible with oxygen‐vacancy‐poor β‐Ni(OH)2. Only through oxygen vacancy‐induced adsorbed oxygen‐mediated mechanism, can oxygen‐vacancy‐rich NiOxHy species catalyze the electrooxidation of vicinal diol to carboxylic acid and formic acid accompanied with the C−C bond cleavage. Crucially, we examine how vacancies and vacancy‐induced catalytic mechanisms work during AORs on NiOxHy species.
Influence of dielectric properties of polybutylene terephthalate and respective foam beads on process behavior in radio‐frequency welding
Authors: Dippold Marcel , Töpfer Christian , Ruckdäschel Holger 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRadio‐frequency welding shows great potential for a more sustainable manufacturing of lightweight bead foam products based on local dielectric heating of the part. This study provides the first insight into the material‐process interactions required to enable interdiffusion between foam particles and thus adhesion. The complex relative permittivity is analyzed by impedance spectroscopy of the bulk polymer and foam beads using specially designed measurement cells. Due to the increased flexibility of the polymer chains at elevated temperatures, the relaxation mechanisms are promoted, resulting in a shift of the curves to higher frequencies. At a fixed frequency, a peak in the imaginary part is observed above temperature, revealing the superposition of these two parameters. The foamed beads show similar trends with an attenuated signal due to the high volumetric fraction of air within the multiphase system. The linear dependence between and volumetric power as direct process feedback due to dielectric heating was observed during welding. Compared to the delayed signals from the shielded temperature sensors, the analysis of power consumption allows for higher quality real‐time monitoring throughout the process cycle. The correlation also allows prediction of power levels at defined temperatures.
African swine fever virus E120R inhibited cGAS‐STING‐mediated IFN‐β and NF‐κB pathways
Authors: Cui Shuai , Wang Yang , Chen Shiyu , Fang Lichun , Jiang Yajun , Pang Zhongbao , Jiang Yitong , Guo Xiaoyu , Zhu Hongfei , Jia Hong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an acute and severe contagious disease triggered by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), which severely threatens the global swine industry. At present, no safe and efficacious vaccine has been provided to prevent and control this disease. The pathogenesis and immune evasion mechanism of ASFV are still unknown, which seriously hinders the development of safe and effective ASF vaccines. Certain proteins of ASFV involved in immunosuppression helped to evade the host innate immune response. The cGAS‐STING signaling pathway is important to the innate immune system. It induces the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and other cytokines by recognizing cytoplasmic DNA, mediating antimicrobial innate immunity through type I IFN, and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathways. In the present study, E120R, a late‐phase expression protein and a key virulent factor of ASFV inhibited cGAS‐STING mediated promoter activities of IFN‐β and NF‐κB in HEK293T cells. The ectopic expression of E120R down‐regulated IFN‐β pathway by targeting interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and p65, inhibited the phosphorylation of STING, and further inhibited the phosphorylation of TANK‐binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and IRF3, with no significant effects on p65 phosphorylation. Additionally, E120R also inhibited the NF‐κB pathways by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p50 and p65, which was mediated by Sendai virus (SeV). Further, the study showed that the 61–80 amino acids sites in the C‐terminal domain of E120R were crucial for these functions. In conclusion, our work preliminarily elucidated a novel mechanism of inhibiting host innate immune response by ASFV E120R, which will provide a new target for the ASFV live gene deletion vaccine development and the theoretical basis for ASFV prevention.
Lipase‐catalyzed production of biodiesel: a critical review on feedstock, enzyme carrier and process factors
Authors: Xia Shuaibo , Lin Jiale , Sayanjali Sara , Shen Cai , Cheong Ling‐Zhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiodiesel is a green and renewable alternative energy source which can be produced through lipase‐catalyzed transesterification process. Enzymatic biodiesel production has generated much interest owing to its environmentally friendly process, low wastewater treatment requirements and easy product separation. In this work, we attempt to review some of the recent patents and state‐of‐the‐art technology in lipase‐catalyzed transesterification for biodiesel production including feedstock, lipases, novel carriers and process factors. This work will provide useful guidance for researchers to develop cost efficient process for production of biodiesels.
DREAM a little dREAM of DRM: Model organisms and conservation of DREAM‐like complexes
Authors: Hoareau Marion , Rincheval‐Arnold Aurore , Gaumer Sébastien , Guénal Isabelle 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDREAM complexes are transcriptional regulators that control the expression of hundreds to thousands of target genes involved in the cell cycle, quiescence, differentiation, and apoptosis. These complexes contain many subunits that can vary according to the considered target genes. Depending on their composition and the nature of the partners they recruit, DREAM complexes control gene expression through diverse mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, transcription cofactor and factor recruitment at various genomic binding sites. This complexity is particularly high in mammals. Since the discovery of the first dREAM complex (drosophila Rb, E2F, and Myb) in Drosophila melanogaster, model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans, and plants allowed a deeper understanding of the processes regulated by DREAM‐like complexes. Here, we review the conservation of these complexes. We discuss the contribution of model organisms to the study of DREAM‐mediated transcriptional regulatory mechanisms and their relevance in characterizing novel activities of DREAM complexes.
Antibody mimetics: The next generation antibody engineering, a retrospective and prospective analysis
Authors: Zhang Siran , Wu Longjiang , Dang Mei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAntibody mimetics represent the fourth generation of antibody engineering, following polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, and genetically engineered antibody fragments. Despite cumulative studies highlighting the advantages of antibody mimetics, including enhanced recognition properties, superior affinity, stability, penetrability, and cost‐effectiveness, a comprehensive review of this evolving field is notably absent. In this study, spanning 1986–2023 and analyzing 24,318 publications, we undertake a retrospective and prospective analysis to elucidate the evolution roadmap of antibody mimetics, providing insights into the current landscape, global contributions, and future trajectories. Concurrently, our aim is to establish standardized terminology and delineate the research scope within the realm of antibody mimetics. These endeavors not only chart the trajectory and scope of antibody mimetics research but also underscore its potential to revolutionize medicine, technology, and science.
Bank climate change initiatives, ownership structures, and corporate governance mechanisms: Evidence from emerging economies
Authors: Adu Douglas A. , Roni Naheed N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivated by the growing attention on climate change acceleration, we examine the interrelationships among corporate governance disclosure index, bank ownership structures, and bank climate change initiatives through the lens of a multi‐theoretical framework. We conduct a fixed‐effects and dynamic two‐step system generalized method of moments models over an extensive dataset. Based on panel data of 220 banks (2,785 observations) from 16 Sub‐Saharan Africa emerging economies between 2007 and 2022, the study observes that banks with higher levels of corporate governance disclosure index engage in more climate change initiatives. The study shows that ownership by institutional and foreign investors is associated with more bank climate change initiatives, while government ownership reduces climate change initiatives. Further, we document that director ownership has no impact on climate change initiatives. The study documents that the association between bank ownership structures and bank climate change initiatives is positively moderated by the extent of the corporate governance disclosure index. This moderating impact improves for banks with high corporate governance mechanisms. Finally, we show that the bank ownership structures‐climate change initiatives linkage and the moderating effect of corporate governance mechanisms on this nexus vary significantly across banks' operating periods. We identify corporate governance disclosure as the potential channel through which bank ownership structures and climate change initiatives are interlinked. Our findings call for banks to adopt and implement good governance disclosure to improve climate change initiatives. The findings make significant theoretical and regulatory contributions.