bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Time for Building: Manning’s Via Media
Authors: Pereiro James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On his arrival at Lovington in January 1833, soon after his ordination as a deacon, H. E. Manning’s theological baggage fitted neatly into a few short sentences. He summed it up in 1850, in a letter to Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford and Manning’s brother-in-law: ‘when I came to Lovington in 1833 I believed, as I always did, in Baptismal Regeneration: I had no view of the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ: and no idea of the Church.’ 1 Years later, in the recollections of his later ‘Journal’ (1878-82), he described his position at this time in greater detail: ‘The state of my religious belief in 1833 was profound faith in the Holy Trinity and the Incarnation, in the Redemption by the Passion of our Lord, and in the work of the Holy Spirit, and the conversion of the soul. I believed in baptismal regeneration, and in a spiritual, but real, receiving of our Lord in Holy Communion. As to the Church, I had no definite conception.’ His theological horizon at the time of his arrival in Lovington—because of his previous formation or because of his lack of such—bore a certain resemblance to a mild Evangelical position or to an ill-defined High Church stance.
Conversion: ‘To Add, to Develop, to Perfect’
Authors: Pereiro James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Newman’s book on developmental had made Manning rethink his position with respect to the Anglican rule of faith. He thought that it was no longer tenable as an instrument to attain certainty in the knowledge of the truth of the Faith: it was incomplete and. in its present formulation, equivalent to private judgment. He had to find an answer to the fundamental question: Quo Judie? He discovered it in 184: the Church was the final judge in controversies about the Faith. and she was infallible in her judgments because of the perpetual presence of the Holy Spirit.
Conflicts at Home
Authors: Pereiro James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I. The Spirit of the Rambler and the Home and Foreign Review
Manning, while dealing with Pusey’s remarks and the APUC question, had an eye on developments within the Catholic Church which deeply worried him. He had, for some time, been concerned about the growth among Catholics of a school or thought which, if successful, would introduce into the Church the evils he saw afflicting Anglicanism. His fears were openly expressed in a letter to Ulla Thorne dated New Year’s Day, 1863:
Conclusion
Authors: Pereiro James 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Gladstone always considered 1lanning a man of principle in action. Intellectually, Manning •was a man of first principles. Pastoral needs, his own temperament, and the circumstances of the times all conspired to channel his study and interest in that direction. He was involved in some of the major social and religious events of his time, and always brought first principles to bear upon the case in question. Sometimes they lay just beneath the surface of the argument, but on most occasions they emerged into broad daylight. He felt there was a need for clear exposition and defence of first principles, and this belief did not diminish with the progress of the century. On the contrary, the advances made in the natural and historical sciences opened new fronts against basic principles or the traditional assumptions of faith and religion, and made it ever more urgent. Old certainties and assumptions could no longer be accepted on trust. New questions had arisen, and they were urgently in need of answers.
Family and Familia in Roman Law and Life
Authors: Gardner Jane F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Roman families were infinitely diverse, but the basis of Roman civil law was the familia, a strictly-defined group consisting of a head, paterfamilias, and his descendants in the male line. Recent work on the Roman family mainly ignores the familia, in favour of examining such matters as emotional relationships within families, the practical effects of control by a paterfamilias, and demographic factors producing families which did not fit the familia-pattern. This book investigates the interrelationship between family and familia, especially how families exploited the legal rules for their own ends, and disrupted the familia, by use of emancipation (release from patria potestas) and adoption. It also traces legal responses to the effects of demographic factors, which gave increased importance to maternal connections, and to social, such as the difficulties for ex-slaves in conforming to the familia-pattern. The familia as a legal institution remained virtually unchanged; nevertheless Roman family law underwent substantial changes, to meet the needs and desires of Roman society.
Out of the Familia: The Practice of Emancipation
Authors: Gardner Jane F 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The civil law of the Romans, of which the earliest form known to us took shape, according to Roman tradition, in the middle of the fifth century BC in the law of the Twelve Tables, was constructed, so far as the law of persons and property was concerned, with reference primarily to the interests of a close-knit and exclusive group of persons, the Jamilia, and its property. Both were under the legal control (potestas) of the head ofthefamilia, the pateifamilias. The persons under his control—i.e. his sons, daughters, sons’ children, and, at least in earlier times, his wife in manu, that is, also under the legal control of her husband—had no property of their own, and lacked independent power of legal action. Their position had, however, certain benefits (even though in practice in early Rome it is doubtful whether much could be done to enforce them); provision of necessary maintenance was the responsibility of the pater, and they had the right to share his inheritance—on intestacy, at least—when his potestas terminated at his death.
Introduction
Authors: Whitehead David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A papyrus of the late second or early first century bc, acquired by the British Museum in 1890 and published the following year (F. G. Kenyon, Classical Texts from the British Museum (London 1891) 42–55—hereinafter Kenyon, Phil. ed. pr,.), preserves the final nine, very narrow columns—thirteen chapters—of the speech. What survives amounts to little more than the recapitulatory conclusion, §§4–13. From the main body of the speech there is extant a score of detached fragments, their order indeterminable.
Translation
Authors: Whitehead David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For who is there, in the polis, so senseless as to credit these statements? (5) There must, men of the jury, have been, first, a muleteer and an usher accompanying the carriage which bore the woman, and then her escort of boys, and Dioxippos he, you see, being in attendance because the woman being given away in marriage was a widow.
From Logos to Mythos
Authors: Most Glenn W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Some readers, perhaps, will be startled by my title. And under-standably: after all, they will long have been familiar with the idea that the development of mankind as a whole has tended to follow a trajectory leading from Mythos to Logos, and will have learned that a development of this sort not only took place in ancient Greece but has also been one of the most important parts of the legacy of the Classical world to Western civilization. Such an idea is expounded in numerous works of scholarship and, even more, in countless popular presentations; and indeed there is much to be said for it, not least that it enlists the Greeks in the service of modern impulses towards Enlightenment whose benefits many of us have come to count upon (and thereby legitimates at one stroke both the ancients and the moderns). Hence my present purpose is not to call into doubt the fact, and the value, of some kind of evolution—in at least certain parts of the history of Europe and of those countries influenced by Europe-away from a traditional, narrative, anthropocentric view of the structure and meaning of things (which I shall call here Mythos) and towards a more progressive, logical, mechanical kind of account (let us call this Logos)—indeed, even brief reflection upon the news reports coming from those parts of our world today in which such an evolution has been delayed, halted, or reversed is enough to make one glad for its even sporadic appearances.
Myth, History, and Dialectic in Plato’s Republic and Timaeus-Critias
Authors: Rowe Christopher 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explore, with the help of one central example, some aspects of the interplay between the notions of muthos, centred on the sense of the ‘fictional’, and logos, or whatever term might be used to denote the opposed category of the non-fictional, in Plato. My example is one that Penelope Murray also refers to in her contribution to the present volume: the construction of the ideal city of the Republic, and what seemsto be represented as the same city (exemplified, according to Critias, by a primitive Athens), in the Timaeus-Critias.
The Roman Frontier-Zone
Authors: Cherry David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The same sort of thinking that interpreted the Roman conquest of north Africa as a blessing for its indigenous peoples has traditionally understood the Roman frontiers to be lines of demarcation that distinguished and separated the civilized (that is, Roman) world from the barbarism that was thought to lie beyond it. The judgement is probably also a consequence of the nature of the physical record: very little that is visible survives of the Roman frontiers apart from their military installations—their forts, roads, and linear barriers. So Hadrian’s wall might be understood to have been intended, as one ancient writer put it (SHA Had. I 1. 2), ‘to separate barbarians and Romans’ (qui barbaros Romanosque divideret).
Towards Monotheism
Authors: West M L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A standard dictionary definition of ‘monotheism! is ‘the belief in only one God ‘. That seems simple and straightforward, except for the problem of what is meant by a god. There are probably many different definitions of the term ‘god ‘ to be found in theological and anthropological literature, and different ones may be suitable for different purposes and in different contexts. For the purposes of the present essay, I will define a god (and gods, of course, embrace goddesses) as an entity identified or postulated, by one or more members of the species homo sapiens, as a wilful agent possessing or exercising power over events that appear to be beyond human control or not governed by other intelligible agencies.
Antiquity in Jewish Apologetic
Authors: Coys-Stones G R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In Chapter 4 I argued that the first century bc saw the introduction of a new motif into the repertoire of anti-Semitic history, an argument from the supposed youth of the Jewish theological tradition to its philosophical inferiority: this, I suggested, provides evidence for the shift in attitude towards ancient cultural traditions as such introduced by the theories of the later Stoa.
The Invention of Hebraeo-Christian Orthodoxy
Authors: Coys-Stones G R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In previous chapters I have tried to suggest that our tendency to speak of ‘Middle’ Platonism as a period of doctrinal transition between the Hellenistic schools on the one hand and the philosophy of Plotinus and his successors (that is, of ‘Neoplatonism’) on the other is fundamentally misleading: that a concentration on doxographical evolution misses what in many ways is more important, namely the shift in philosophical methodology which characterized the Platonist movement. The influence of this new methodology, and the view of antiquity and tradition it entailed, were far more decisive and influential for the future development of Western philosophy than any particular beliefs formulated within the framework it provided; not least because, as I hope to show, it came to be adopted by the Christian Church as well, and used by it as a means of transporting itself (philosophically speaking) from Jerusalem to Athens.
Livy's Use of Exempla
Authors: Chaplin Jane D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the Preface Livy invites his audience to seek exempla in his narrative of Roman history. In accepting the offer, modern readers have tended to look to Livy’s treatment of well-known figures, especially those from the early days of the city. Lucretia, the victim of Sex. ‘Tarquinius’ lust, is a regular choice, and justifiably so, for she herself recog nizes her exemplary potential with her dying words: ‘nee ulla deinde impudica Lucretiae exemplo uiuet’. with this speech she seems to offer exactly the kind of lesson indicated in Preface Io. Curiously enough, however, in the extant books and fragments of ljvy, Lucretia is never cited as an exemplum, and no one ever takes her as a model of conduct.
Speaker, Audience, and Exemplum
Authors: Chaplin Jane D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Livy has three voices for articulating exempla within the History. The least frequent of these is that of the historian in his role as narrator: explicit moralizing, editorializing, or the introduction of an exemplary episode can call out this voice. Much more often, however, Livy introduces exempla through either the speeches or the thoughts of historical characters. As we saw with Caudium, it is relatively straightforward to identify the speaker or focalizer, even if the person is not actually named. In some cases he may take a prominent part in the events of his age; in others he may be obscure. Either way, there is nothing conceptually difficult about his role as a conduit for exempla.
Precedents and Change
Authors: Chaplin Jane D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
C.Decimius Flavus, the urban praetor of 184, died in office. Among those who put themselves forward as his substitute was a certain Q. Fulvius Flaccus, who happened to be curule aedile at the time. His candidature split the tribunes: some thought there was no justification for one man simultaneously to hold two magistracies, especially curule ones; and others judged that Flaccus should be exempt from the law so that the people could choose whomever they liked as their new praetor. At first the consul was inclined to reject Flaccus’ candidacy, and so he consulted the Senate in order to have its backing. At the meeting, he told the senators no law or precedent permitted a curule aedile to seek a praetorship: conuocatis patribus referre se ad eosdixit quod nee iure ullo nee exemplo tolerabili liberae ciuitati aedilis curulis designatus praeturam peteret (39. 39. 6). The Senate advised the consul to appeal directly to Flaccus, who gave an evasive reply and continued to compete for votes. As the election began, it looked as if he would win. ‘I’he consul reconferred with the Senate and publicly asked Flaccus to give up his bid for the second office.
‘Medical Latin’
Authors: Langslow D R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1931 the great French Latinist Jules Marouzeau observed (1931: 32) that one of the least-studied aspects of Latin vocabulary was that of technical language., ‘la langue technique’. Technical authors had even then long been recognized as being of great importance for the study of the later Latin language., but they had been., and were stilly treated chiefly as evidence for popular, or ‘vulgar’., Latin; to be sure., this tradition was not without excellent results., which continue to emerge.2 Neglect of the technical languages per se had been based on the implicit, sometimes explicit, assumptions that it was impossible to separate ‘technical’ Latin from ‘Vulgar’ Latin and that the ‘Fachsprache’., or ‘Sondersprache’., consisted of nothing more than a number of ‘Fachausdrücke’., so that until recently the possibility was not explored of characterizing the language of Latin technical writers as other than popular or vulgar. Among the medical writers., those not noted for their popular language had been especially neglected. While the popular elements in texts such as Marcellus and the Latin versions of Oribasius had attracted some attention., writers of a more classical form of Latin., such as Celsus Scribonius Largus, or the Africans Theodorus Priscianus, Caelius Aurelianus, and Cassius Felix had been earlier by and large ignored.
Semantic Extension in Term-Formation
Authors: Langslow D R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Many items of medical terminology occur with a different meaning in nonmedical Latin; these include such diverse examples as album ‘the white’ (of the eye) and ‘white (thing)’, lenticula ‘a freckle’ and ‘a lentil’, impetus ‘the onset of a disease’ and ‘an attack, onrush’, plaga ‘a wound, incision’ and ‘a stroke, blow’. Some medical terms have more than one meaning even with in the field of medicine; examples include cubitus ‘the elbow’ and ‘the ulna bone of the forearm’, uterus ‘the belly’ and ‘the womb’. It is my aim in this chapter to list, explain, and exemplify the semantic relationships between the medical and non-medical (or the two medical) significata involved, with a view to comparing and contrasting the various kinds of semantic extension underlying this group of medical terms in our four authors.
Phrasal Terms
Authors: Langslow D R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter is about a set of medical terms which arc formally not single words but noun phrases. Our authors attest a wide range of different types of medical referring-expressions consisting of more than one lexeme, which differ both formally and with regard to their status as medical terms. At one extreme, medical objects and medical phenomena arc referred to, rather long-windedly, by means of clauses and phrases of various types (si-clauses, relative clauses, etc.), which have no reasonable claim to any status as items of a terminology (but to which I return in Chapter 6). On the other hand, our authors attest a significant number of two-word phrases (noun + adjective, noun + genitive) which have a very good claim to he regarded as, at worst, single lexical items and, at best, fully fledged medical terms. I call these latter ‘phrasal terms’ and devote this chapter principally to them. 1 My purpose is twofold, and concerns both vocabulary and syntax. I mean in the first place simply to identify and underline the existence of these phrases, all too easily ignored, as established items of medical terminology. Secondly, I argue that phrasal terms represent an important interface between syntax and the lexicon, and a promising focus for further work, especially in the area of word-order at the level of the noun phrase (section 4. 4. 3. 3 below); phrasal terms play also, I believe, a significant role in the development of nominal syntax and the ‘scientific’ style (on which I shall have more to say in Chapter 6). Finally, phrasal terms can occasionally afford some insight into authors’ approaches to the business of translating Greek medical terms, especially when different phrasal terms arc used by different writers.
Towards some Relations between Terminology, Syntax, and Style in Medical Prose
Authors: Langslow D R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In contrast with Celsius, the earliest of our four authors, Cassius Felix, the latest, borrows Greek terms without restriction; he prefers a monolexematic derivative to a determining phrase or relative clause; and, in general, he appears to favour a heavily ‘nominal’ syntax. Let me illustrate this last point straightaway by setting side by side some contrasting synonymous expressions in Celsius and Cassius. Celsius introduces remedies for loss of hair with capillis fluentibus (Cels. 6. 1); Cassius has the nominal equivalent, capillorum defluxio (t. 11. 20; II. 21). Celsius refers to those parts of the body covered by hair with: in is partibus quae pilis conteguntur (Cels. 6. 3. 2); contrast Cassius’ terser capillosis in locis (12. 12; 13. 13), in which the relative clause is replaced by a derived adjective.
Introduction
Authors: Alden Maureen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book explores a new and very simple approach to Homeric narratives. It begins from the assumption that paranarratives, by which I mean secondary narratives related by the poet’s characters, and also the interludes related in the voice of the poet himself which do not advance the progress of the main narrative, will be relevant in some way either to the interpretation of their immediate context or to that of the main narrative, or to both. To read the poems in this way requires no mastery of any complicated theory or terminology. Most people would now agree that paradigms (stories which provide a pattern or example to be imitated or avoided), such as the story of Niobe who remembered to eat in spite of her grief told to the grieving Priam to encourage him to remember to eat (II. 24. 602-17), relate to the situation of their addressee. A broader term than paradigm is required, however, to cover the subsidiary episodes of the primary narrative which do not advance its progress, but provide material for comparison with its major events. The idea that para-narratives are related in some way to the main narrative is not very different from Bundy’s idea that an epinician ode commissioned by a patron in praise of the achievements of a victor will be encomiastic in its primary intent, and any mythical material it may contain will serve the purpose of enhancing the glory of the patron.
Gods
Authors: Allan William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Andromache is an interesting text with which to explore Euripides’ handling of the gods. Such plays as the Hippolytus or Heracles are more commonly used sources for this discussion, yet the Andromache raises questions about divine vengeance and justice which are no less searching and no less profound. Study of a less obvious text, one of Euripides’ ‘problem’ plays, may be of value in so far as it addresses the issues from a less familiar perspective.
Myth, Ritual Memory, And Exchange
Authors: Gould John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At the heart of this book lies a concern with the interaction between the cultural assumptions and world-view of ancient (and often of modern) Greeks and their literature. John Gould examines the myths, rituals, memory, and exchange of ancient Greeks with an overriding interest in anthropological field-work which helps to shape his argument. The book contains the most significant essays (some now regarded as classics) written by one of the world's foremost experts in Greek mythology and culture over the last thirty years, including several previously unpublished papers. Newly revised, with reference both to corroborative material and to subsequent treatments and discussion of significantly different approaches to the same topics, these papers offer a marked coherence of focus and argument which informs the whole volume. Most of the essays arise out of the experience of teaching and address problems, puzzles, and misunderstandings encountered by students.
Tragedy in Performance
Authors: Gould John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Anyone who asks: What was Greek tragedy like? What was its effect, in performance? will find the business of answering these questions somewhat frustrating. For we are the prisoners of our evidence, which is everywhere slighter than we could wish, often much later than the period we are chiefly concerned with (the fifth century BC), and almost always difficult to interpret. There are all too many vital questions which we cannot answer without some measure of guesswork and speculation, nor without relying on a priori assumptions whose validity we can never adequately test. And yet it is essential that we do raise these questions, or else the texts of Greek tragedy must remain inert, like musical scores which we cannot and do not even try to perform. For the texts are essentially scripts for performance, and the style and context of that performance are fundamental to our understanding of the texts themselves.