bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, anxiety, and quality of life as predictors of rehospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Veskovic Jovan , Cvetkovic Mina , Tahirovic Elvis , Zdravkovic Marija , Apostolovic Svetlana , Kosevic Dragana , Loncar Goran , Obradovic Danilo , Matic Dragan , Ignjatovic Aleksandra , Cvetkovic Tatjana , Posch Maximilian G. , Radenovic Sara , Ristić Arsen D. , Dokic Danilo , Milošević Nenad , Panic Natasa , Düngen Hans-Dirk 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a severe condition, often co-occurring with depression and anxiety, that strongly affects the quality of life (QoL) in some patients. Conversely, depressive and anxiety symptoms are associated with a 2–3 fold increase in mortality risk and were shown to act independently of typical risk factors in CHF progression. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of depression, anxiety, and QoL on the occurrence of rehospitalization within one year after discharge in CHF patients.

Methods
148 CHF patients were enrolled in a 10-center, prospective, observational study. All patients completed two questionnaires, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Questionnaire Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) at discharge timepoint.

Results
It was found that demographic and clinical characteristics are not associated with rehospitalization. Still, the levels of depression correlated with gender (p ≤ 0.027) and marital status (p ≤ 0.001), while the anxiety values ​​were dependent on the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, levels of depression (HADS-Depression) and anxiety (HADS-Anxiety) did not correlate with the risk of rehospitalization. Univariate logistic regression analysis results showed that rehospitalized patients had significantly lower levels of Bodily pain (BP, p = 0.014), Vitality (VT, p = 0.005), Social Functioning (SF, p = 0.007), and General Health (GH, p = 0.002). In the multivariate model, poor GH (OR 0.966, p = 0.005) remained a significant risk factor for rehospitalization, and poor General Health is singled out as the most reliable prognostic parameter for rehospitalization (AUC = 0.665, P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Taken together, our results suggest that QoL assessment complements clinical prognostic markers to identify CHF patients at high risk for adverse events. Clinical Trial Registration: The study is registered under http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01501981, first posted on 30/12/2011), sponsored by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
Testicular cancer mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean: trend analysis from 1997 to 2019
Authors: Crispin-Rios Yuleizy , Faura-Gonzales Mariafe , Torres-Roman J. Smith , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Franco-Jimenez Uriel S. , Valcarcel Bryan , Stang Andreas , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In the last decades, an increasing incidence of testicular cancer has been observed in several countries worldwide. Although mortality rates have been variable in many countries, little information is available from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Therefore, we examined mortality trends of testicular cancer in the last two decades.

Methods
Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of testicular cancer per 100,000 men-years were estimated using the World Health Organization mortality database from 1997 to 2019. We examined the mortality trends and computed annual percent change (APC) for all ages and the following age groups, 15–29, 30–44, 15–44, and ≥ 45 years.

Results
Ten countries had mortality rates greater than 0.43 per 100,000 men, with the highest rates for Chile, Mexico, and Argentina. Significant increases in mortality rates were observed in Argentina, Brazil Colombia, and Mexico in all ages, and < 45 years, while Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru reported significant downward trends in males aged ≥ 45 years. Only Chile showed significant decreases for all ages and age groups studied.

Conclusion
Mortality by testicular cancer increased among LAC countries in males of all ages and across age groups. A reduction in mortality rates was observed only in Chilean males of all ages and in men ≥ 45 years in several countries. Strengthening of early detection among symptomatic males may decrease the mortality by this neoplasm.
Association between the location of social medical insurance and social integration among China’s elderly rural migrants: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Ma Xiaojie , Feng Wenjia , Shi Chaojun , Wang Yifan , Gao Qianqian , Cai Weiqin , An Hongqing , Jing Qi , Gao Runguo , Ma Anning 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Universal social medical insurance coverage is viewed as a major factor in promoting social integration, but insufficient evidence exists on the integration of elderly rural migrants (ERM), generally aged 60 years and above, in low- and middle-income countries. To address this problem, we explore the relationship between the location of social medical insurance (SMI), such as a host city, and social integration in the context of Chinese ERM.

Methods
This study is based on data from the 2017 National Internal Migrant Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China. The study participants were Chinese ERM. An integration index was constructed to measure the degree of social integration in a multi-dimensional manner using a factor analysis method. This study used descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance to explore the differences in social integration between ERM with SMI from host cities and hometowns. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the correlation between SMI location and social integration level in the overall sample. Finally, the results were verified by propensity score matching.

Results
It was found that 606 (18.2%) of the insured ERM chose host city SMI, while 2727 (81.8%) chose hometown SMI. The level of social integration was lower among ERM with hometown SMI (-1.438 ± 32.795, F = 28.311, p ≤ 0.01) than those with host city SMI (6.649 ± 34.383). Among the dimensions of social integration, social participation contributed more than other factors, with a contribution rate of 45.42%. Host city SMI increased the probability of the social integration index by 647% among ERM (k-nearest neighbor caliper matched (n = 4, caliper = 0.02), with a full sample ATT value of 6.47 (T = 5.32, SE = 1.48, p < 0.05)).

Conclusions
ERM with host city SMI have a higher social integration level than those with hometowns SMI. That is, host city SMI positively affects social integration. Policymakers should focus on the access of host city SMI for ERM. Removing the threshold of host city SMI coverage for ERM can promote social integration.
A quantitative assessment of the consistency of projections from five mathematical models of the HIV epidemic in South Africa: a model comparison study
Authors: Moolla Haroon , Phillips Andrew , ten Brink Debra , Mudimu Edinah , Stover John , Bansi-Matharu Loveleen , Martin-Hughes Rowan , Wulan Nisaa , Cambiano Valentina , Smith Jennifer , Bershteyn Anna , Meyer-Rath Gesine , Jamieson Lise , Johnson Leigh F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Mathematical models are increasingly used to inform HIV policy and planning. Comparing estimates obtained using different mathematical models can test the robustness of estimates and highlight research gaps. As part of a larger project aiming to determine the optimal allocation of funding for HIV services, in this study we compare projections from five mathematical models of the HIV epidemic in South Africa: EMOD-HIV, Goals, HIV-Synthesis, Optima, and Thembisa.

Methods
The five modelling groups produced estimates of the total population, HIV incidence, HIV prevalence, proportion of people living with HIV who are diagnosed, ART coverage, proportion of those on ART who are virally suppressed, AIDS-related deaths, total deaths, and the proportion of adult males who are circumcised. Estimates were made under a “status quo” scenario for the period 1990 to 2040. For each output variable we assessed the consistency of model estimates by calculating the coefficient of variation and examining the trend over time.

Results
For most outputs there was significant inter-model variability between 1990 and 2005, when limited data was available for calibration, good consistency from 2005 to 2025, and increasing variability towards the end of the projection period. Estimates of HIV incidence, deaths in people living with HIV, and total deaths displayed the largest long-term variability, with standard deviations between 35 and 65% of the cross-model means. Despite this variability, all models predicted a gradual decline in HIV incidence in the long-term. Projections related to the UNAIDS 95–95-95 targets were more consistent, with the coefficients of variation below 0.1 for all groups except children.

Conclusions
While models produced consistent estimates for several outputs, there are areas of variability that should be investigated. This is important if projections are to be used in subsequent cost-effectiveness studies.
The role of income and frequency of dental visits in the relationship between dental sealant use and resin fillings after extended coverage: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Han Dong-Hun , Kang Hee-Yeon , Ryu Jae-In 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Prevention and treatment services use is closely associated with socioeconomic factors, such as income. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between implementing the sealant program and resin fillings restoration and to explore the role of income and frequency of dental visits in this relationship.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used the cohort database from the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service. The study population comprised 494,731 children born in 2007. A logistic regression model for the experience of resin fillings and a linear regression model for weighted utilization of them were used to identify the independent effects of dental sealants, income, and frequency of dental visits. All analyses were conducted using the SAS Enterprise Guide version 7.1 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA).

Results
The ratio based on income level was almost proportional in all groups except the medical aid group, which had a rate as high as that of the wealthier group. Children without sealants were 1.05 times more likely to have resin fillings than others after adjusting for income level and frequency of visiting dental clinics in the final model. However, an opposite relationship between sealant experiences and resin fillings was observed in the previous model without dental visits. The gap in the weighted resin filling scores according to socioeconomic variables showed a similar tendency.

Conclusions
Income and frequency of dental visits might be confounding factors for the relationship between dental sealant and resin fillings. It is necessary to consider the complex relationship between socioeconomic indicators and service use while studying oral health inequality.
Hydration and nutrition care practices in stroke: findings from the UK and Australia
Authors: Miller Colette , Jones Stephanie P. , Bangee Munirah , Martinez-Garduno Cintia Mayel , Brady Marian C. , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Dale Simeon , McInnes Elizabeth , Middleton Sandy , Watkins Caroline L. , Lightbody C. Elizabeth 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dehydration and malnutrition are common in hospitalised patients following stroke leading to poor outcomes including increased mortality. Little is known about hydration and nutrition care practices in hospital to avoid dehydration or malnutrition, and how these practices vary in different countries. This study sought to capture how the hydration and nutrition needs of patients’ post-stroke are assessed and managed in the United Kingdom (UK) and Australia (AUS).

Aim
To examine and compare current in-hospital hydration and nutrition care practice for patients with stroke in the UK and Australia.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between April and November 2019. Questionnaires were mailed to stroke specialist nurses in UK and Australian hospitals providing post-stroke inpatient acute care or rehabilitation. Non-respondents were contacted up to five times.

Results
We received 150/174 (86%) completed surveys from hospitals in the UK, and 120/162 (74%) in Australia. Of the 270 responding hospitals, 96% reported undertaking assessment of hydration status during an admission, with nurses most likely to complete assessments (85%). The most common methods of admission assessment were visual assessment of the patient (UK 62%; AUS 58%), weight (UK 52%; AUS 52%), and body mass index (UK 47%; AUS 42%). Almost all (99%) sites reported that nutrition status was assessed at some point during admission, and these were mainly completed by nurses (91%). Use of standardised nutrition screening tools were more common in the UK (91%) than Australia (60%). Similar proportions of hydration management decisions were made by physicians (UK 84%; AUS 83%), and nutrition management decisions by dietitians (UK 98%; AUS 97%).

Conclusion
Despite broadly similar hydration and nutrition care practices after stroke in the UK and Australia, some variability was identified. Although nutrition assessment was more often informed by structured screening tools, the routine assessment of hydration was generally not. Nurses were responsible for assessment and monitoring, while dietitians and physicians undertook decision-making regarding management. Hydration care could be improved through the development of standardised assessment tools. This study highlights the need for increased implementation and use of evidence-based protocols in stroke hydration and nutrition care to improve patient outcomes.
Identifying reasons for non-acceptance of influenza vaccine in healthcare workers: an observational study using declination form data
Authors: Challenger Aimee , Sumner Petroc , Powell Eryl , Bott Lewis 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Healthcare workers are sometimes required to complete a declination form if they choose not to accept the influenza vaccine. We analysed the declination data with the goal of identifying barriers to vaccination uptake across seasons, staff groups, and pre- and post- arrival of COVID-19.

Methods
Reasons for declining the vaccine were gathered from N = 2230 declination forms, collected over four influenza seasons, 2017/2018, 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, from a single health board in the UK. Reasons were classified according to ten categories and the resulting distribution analysed across year and staff groups. A further analysis considered the two most prevalent categories in more detail.

Results
Fear of adverse reactions and Lack of perception of own risk were identified as primary reasons for not accepting the vaccine across time and across staff groups. However, there was no evidence that Lack of concern with influenza, or Doubts about vaccine efficacy was prevalent, contrary to previous findings. Overall, reasons fitted a pattern of underestimating risk associated with influenza and overestimating risk of minor adverse reactions. There were also differences across years, χ2(24) = 123, p < .001. In particular, there were relatively fewer Lack of perception of own risk responses post-COVID-19 arrival than before, χ2(8) = 28.93, p = .002.

Conclusion
This study shows that data collected from declination forms yields sensible information concerning vaccine non-acceptance without the difficulties of retrospective or pre-emptive reasoning suffered by questionnaires. Our findings will aid messaging campaigns designed to encourage uptake of the influenza vaccine in healthcare workers. In particular, we argue for an approach focused on risk perception rather than correction of straightforward misconceptions.
The triglyceride-glucose index predicts 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Xie Enmin , Ye Zixiang , Wu Yaxin , Zhao Xuecheng , Li Yike , Shen Nan , Gao Yanxiang , Zheng Jingang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been suggested as a dependable indicator for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in individuals with cardiovascular conditions. Nevertheless, there is insufficient data on the predictive significance of the TyG index in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods
This study, conducted at multiple centers in China, included 959 patients diagnosed with dialysis and CAD from January 2015 to June 2021. Based on the TyG index, the participants were categorized into three distinct groups. The study’s primary endpoint was the combination of MACE occurring within one year of follow-up, including death from any cause, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. We assessed the association between the TyG index and MACE using Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline analysis. The TyG index value was evaluated for prediction incrementally using C-statistics, continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).

Results
The three groups showed notable variations in the risk of MACE (16.3% in tertile 1, 23.5% in tertile 2, and 27.2% in tertile 3; log-rank P = 0.003). Following complete adjustment, patients with the highest TyG index exhibited a notably elevated risk of MACE in comparison to those in the lowest tertile (hazard ratio [HR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–2.35, P = 0.007). Likewise, each unit increase in the TyG index correlated with a 1.37-fold higher risk of MACE (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.13–1.66, P = 0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a connection between the TyG index and MACE (P for nonlinearity > 0.05). Furthermore, incorporating the TyG index to the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score or baseline risk model with fully adjusted factors considerably enhanced the forecast of MACE, as demonstrated by the C-statistic, continuous NRI, and IDI.

Conclusions
The TyG index might serve as a valuable and dependable indicator of MACE risk in individuals with dialysis and CAD, indicating its potential significance in enhancing risk categorization in clinical settings.
Systematic analysis of integrated bioinformatics to identify upregulated THBS2 expression in colorectal cancer cells inhibiting tumour immunity through the HIF1A/Lactic Acid/GPR132 pathway
Authors: Liu Ye , Jiang Chunhui , Xu Chunjie , Gu Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
THBS2, a member of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein family, can effectively inhibit tumour growth and angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the biological role of THBS2 in various types of cancers and the mechanisms underlying the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
THBS2 expression in pan-cancer tissues and cell lines was assessed using the HPA, TISCH and CCLE databases. The CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, TIMER, xCell and ssGSEA (implemented using the IOBR R package) algorithms were used to calculate the proportion of tumour-infiltrating immune cells based on the expression profile of THBS2 in TCGA-COAD cohort. The clusterprofiler R package was used to implement GO and KEGG pathway enrichm SNVs were compared between the high- and low-THBS2-expression groups using the maftools R package. Additionally, immunotherapy responses were compared between the high- and low-THBS2-expression groups based on immunophenoscores (IPSs). CT26 cells were engineered to overexpress THBS2 (CT26-THBS2) to investigate its regulatory effects on HIF1 and cellular metabolism. The conditioned medium from CT26-THBS2 cells was collected to examine its effect on the M2 polarisation of RAW264.7 macrophages. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were performed to validate the inhibitory effects of M2-polarised macrophages on T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. A CT26-THBS2 tumour-bearing mouse model was constructed to validate the impact of high THBS2 expression in tumour cells on the tumour microenvironment in vivo.

Results
THBS2 expression was upregulated in a majority of tumours, including COAD, and was positively associated with ESTIMATEScore, ImmuneScore and StromalScore. Furthermore, THBS2 expression was positively associated with angiogenesis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition and negatively associated with DNA repair, cell cycle and DNA replication in most tumours. THBS2 expression was considerably associated with progression-free interval (PFI) and positively associated with MSI in COAD. THBS2 methylation levels were remarkably lower in COAD tissues than in healthy tissues. The high expression of THBS2 in CT26 cells remarkably promoted the nuclear translocation of HIF1 and consequently enhanced lactate metabolism in cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that lactate released by tumour cells promoted M2 polarisation of macrophages, leading to inhibition of T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity.

Conclusions
THBS2 expression is associated with PFI, immune cell infiltration, immune regulation, cell death, cell migration, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and genomic variations in COAD. THBS2 may serve as a biomarker for immunotherapy in COAD. Upregulated THBS2 expression in CRC cells inhibits anti-tumour immunity through the HIF1A/lactic acid/GPR132 pathway.
TiO2 nanoparticles promote tumor metastasis by eliciting pro-metastatic extracellular vesicles
Authors: Mu Xupeng , Hu Kebang , Wei Anhui , Bai Jinping , Feng Li , Jiang Jinlan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of nanotechnology has provided numerous possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Paradoxically, some in vivo experimental studies have also shown that nanoparticles (NPs) could promote tumor progression, but the specific mechanism is not yet clear. Primary tumors can release extracellular vesicles (EVs) which can promote the inoculation and growth of tumor cells that have metastasized to distant organs. So, whether nanomaterials can promote tumor progression through tumor-derived EVs deserves further research. Here, we showed that TiO2 NPs, widely used in nanomedicine, could trigger tumor-derived EVs with enhanced pro-metastatic capacity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, miR-301a-3p derived from NPs-elicited EVs could be delivered into vascular endothelial cells, which inhibited the expression of VEGFR2 and VE-cadherin by targeting S1PR1, leading to disrupt the tight junctions of vascular endothelial cells, thus to promote vascular permeability and angiogenesis, and induce the formation of pre-metastasis niches in vivo. This study emphasizes that it is urgent to consider the effect of NPs on EVs under long-term use conditions when designing nanodrugs for cancer treatment.
Graphical Abstract