bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of alpha particles in penetration of solar wind diamagnetic structures into the magnetosphere
Authors: Eselevich Viktor , Parhomov Vladimir 
Published: September 2023

We present the results of studies showing the presence of simultaneous jumps in the density of protons (N2/N1)p and alpha particles (N2/N1)α at the boundaries of diamagnetic structures (DS) of various types both in the quasi-stationary slow solar wind (SW) and in sporadic SW. For DS of quasi-stationary slow SW, associated with streamer belt or chains, in the statistics considered in the paper there is a single linear dependence of (N2/N1)α on (N2/N1)p. This means that these jumps have the same physical nature and are related to diamagnetism at the boundaries of DS of quasi-stationary SW streams of various types.
At the front of interplanetary shock waves (ISW), the (N2/N1)α jump is approximately twice as large as the (N2/N1)p jump. This reflects the features of the collective collisionless plasma heating at ISW fronts and requires further studies. A maximum excess (almost 3 times) of the increase in the alpha-particle density (N2/N1)α over the increase in the proton density (N2/N1)p is observed in eruptive prominences.
The magnetospheric response in such phenomena as auroras, proton and alpha particle fluxes, geomagnetic field, and geomagnetic pulsations is similar under the influence of DS of various types and ISW. The detected features of the magnetospheric response to the contact with DS of different types and ISW can be interpreted as impulsive passage of the DS matter (plasmoid) into the magnetosphere.
The results of studies of the (N2/N1)α jumps can be used as an additional important argument in identifying cases of impulsive penetration of DS into the magnetosphere and in examining the physical nature of these penetrations.
Monitoring of magnetospheric parameters based on cosmic ray effects in August
Authors: Kovalev Ivan , Olemskoy Sergey , Sdobnov Valeriy 
Published: September 2023

Using data (uncorrected for the temperature effect) from the global network of neutron monitors (GNNM), along with data from the Yakutsk muon telescope complex and the muon hodoscope URAGAN (Moscow), we have applied a modified spectrographic global survey (SGS) method to the 2018 August event in order to split cosmic ray variations into components of primary, magnetospheric, and atmospheric origin. We obtained time variations in the 4 GV-rigidity primary particle isotropic flux and pitch-angle anisotropy, as well as in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation. We also showed variations in the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity (GCR) in Irkutsk.
Using the obtained data on the changes in the planetary system of GCR within a simple model of a bounded magnetosphere, we have calculated some parameters of magnetospheric current systems, namely, the ring current radius, the magnetopause current radius, and the Dst index.
Praecox feeling among Polish psychiatrists: a grounded theory study
Authors: Szuła Anastazja , Kołtun Aleksandra , Moskalewicz Marcin 
Published: September 2023

Cel pracyCelem badania jest zidentyfikowanie źródeł oraz elementów składowych tzw. poczucia praecox (PP) z perspektywy polskich lekarzy psychiatrów, którzy go doświadczają i potrafią zwerbalizować.MetodaAnaliza jakościowa z wykorzystaniem procedur metodologii teorii ugruntowanej na zbiorze swobodnych wypowiedzi psychiatrów (N=103) opisujących silne odczucia sugerujące rozpoznanie schizofrenii udzielonych w ogólnopolskim badaniu ankietowym.WynikiDla zdecydowanej większości badanych (80,58%) źródłem PP są zachowania i stany pacjenta, natomiast wśród zidentyfikowanych składowych PP nie ma elementów wyraźnie dominujących. Badani lekarze odnosili się najczęściej (44,66%) do afektu i stanów emocjonalnych pacjenta, w szczególności spłycenia i chłodu emocjonalnego (22,33%). Co czwarty (25,24%) jako element swoich silnych odczuć sugerujących diagnozę schizofrenii opisywał różne aspekty wypowiadania się pacjenta, m.in. niespójność i oderwanie treści od rzeczywistości (14,56%) oraz wskazywał na obecność formalnych zaburzeń procesów myślowych (22,33%). Analiza post-hoc wykazała, że głównym wątkiem przekrojowym związanym z PP jest wrażenie deficytowego kontaktu z rzeczywistością i drugim człowiekiem (52,42% badanych). Pomimo tego, że poziom eksperckości psychiatrów nie wpływa na treści PP, lekarze potrafiący je zwerbalizować uznają je za niezawodne dla postawienia diagnozy schizofrenii częściej niż ci, którzy wykorzystują PP w swojej praktyce, ale nie potrafią go zwerbalizować (82,52% vs 67,62%, chi2 p = 0,007, φc = 0,186).WnioskiPP jest zjawiskiem złożonym i niejednoznacznym doświadczanym zarówno przez rezydentów jak i specjalistów. Ma związek przede wszystkim z afektywnością pacjentów i postrzeganiem ich oderwania od rzeczywistości. Dalsza analiza tego zjawiska może pozytywnie wpłynąć na zdolność psychiatrów do artykułowania PP i jego stosowania w diagnostyce schizofrenii.
Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Muzenda Tom , Shoko Ryman , Chimwanda Peter , Ndlovu Joice 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of the essential elements to the human body N, K, Mg, P, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Zn of the fermented and non-fermented Fadogia ancylantha leaf samples were analysed to assess their nutritional value in two different areas in Zimbabwe: Mhangura (Mashonaland West, Province) and Alaska (Mashonaland West Province). Atomic absorption spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometry techniques were used to measure the concentrations of the minerals. The concentrations of manganese were significantly high (p < 0.05) in non-fermented treatments, with Mhangura samples having 0.447 mg/g and Alaska samples having 0.453 mg/g. Iron was high in fermented samples with Mhangura samples having 0.245 mg/g and Alaska samples having 0.270 mg/g. The concentrations of manganese and iron in Fadogia ancylantha can be used to supplement the recommended daily doses in pregnant, menstruating, and lactating women. The study, therefore, recommends that Fadogia ancylantha be used as a nutraceutical for the supplementation of iron and manganese.
Rehabilitation effect of intelligent rehabilitation training system on hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke
Authors: Hao Mingqing , Fang Qian , Wu Bei , Liu Lin , Tang Huan , Tian Fang , Chen Lihua , Kong Demiao , Li Juan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article aimed to explore the rehabilitation efficacy of intelligent rehabilitation training systems in hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke and provided more theoretical basis for the application of intelligent rehabilitation systems in the rehabilitation of hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke. To explore the rehabilitation efficacy of intelligent rehabilitation training system (RTS for short here) in post-stroke hemiplegic limb spasms, this study selected 99 patients with post-stroke hemiplegic limb spasms admitted to a local tertiary hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 as the research subjects. This article used blind selection to randomly divide them into three groups: control group 1, control group 2, and study group, with 33 patients in each group. Control group 1 used a conventional RTS, group 2 used the brain–computer interface RTS from reference 9, and research group used the intelligent RTS from this article. This article compared the degree of spasticity, balance ability score, motor function score, and daily living activity score of three groups of patients after 10 weeks of treatment. After 10 weeks of treatment, the number of patients in the study group with no spasms at level 0 (24) was significantly higher than the number of patients in group 1 (7) and group 2 (10), with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); In the comparison of Barthel index scores, after ten weeks of treatment, the total number of people in the study group with scores starting at 71–80 and 81–100 was 23. The total number of people in the score range of 71–80 and 81–100 in group 1 was 5, while in group 2, the total number of people in this score range was 8. The study group scored considerably higher than the control group and the difference was found to be statistically relevant (P < 0.05). In the Berg balance assessment scale and motor function assessment scale, after 10 weeks of treatment, the scores of the study group patients on both scales were significantly higher than those of group 1 and group 2 (P < 0.05). The intelligent RTS is beneficial for promoting the improvement of spasticity in stroke patients with hemiplegic limb spasms, as well as improving their balance ability, motor ability, and daily life activities. Its rehabilitation effect is good.
Combination of a bronchogenic cyst in the thoracic spinal canal with chronic myelocytic leukemia
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Hai-Feng , Duan Hai-Feng , Huang Ke-Feng , Tian Zhi-Hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The presented case report describes an incredibly rare instance of an intramedullary bronchial cyst located in the thoracic spinal canal on the dorsal side of the spinal cord, which was observed in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia. A 29-year-old man presented with back pain for half a month, along with numbness and pain below the chest and ribs for 1 week. Hypersensitivity was present in the inferior plane of the long xiphoid process in the nervous system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed intramedullary cystic lesions in the vertebral body plane of the third to the fourth thoracic vertebra. There was no recurrence during the 6-month postoperative follow-up period. The histopathological findings were consistent with bronchogenic cysts. Cystic lesions were eliminated through the posterior median approach. After the cyst ruptured during surgery, gel liquid was seen, and the majority of the cyst walls were removed. One week after the surgery, the hypersensitivity fully subsided. Six months following surgery, an updated MRI revealed no recurrence. Intramedullary bronchogenic cysts on the dorsal side of the thoracic spine are extremely uncommon. Diagnosis requires histopathological evidence, and it is challenging to diagnose before surgery. Prompt surgical resection is recommended in case of positive diagnosis.
Optimizing and coordinating the location of raw material suitable for cement manufacturing in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Shadhar Alaa Kharbat , Mahmood Buroog Basheer , Abboud Abdulhassan Aqeel , Mahjoob Ahmed Mohammed Raoof , Shamkhi Mohammed S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The cement industry is considered one of the strategic industries, because it is directly related to construction work and cement is used as a hydraulic binder. However, it is a simple industry compared to major industries and depends on the availability of the necessary raw materials. This study focuses on optimizing and coordinating the location of raw materials needed for the cement manufacturing in Wasit Governorate in Iraq. Field works include detailed reconnaissance, topographic work, and description and sampling of 24 lithological sections that represent the carbonate deposits, which crop out in the area. The investigated area has the following specifications: The weighted averages of chemical components in the industrial bed are as follows: CaO = 47.83%, MgO = 1.12%, SiO2 = 7.28%, SO3 = 0.34%, Fe2O3 = 1.85%, Al2O3 = 1.85%, L.O.I = 39.26%, Na2O = 0.29%, and K2O = 0.38%. The average thickness of the investigated raw materials is 15.68 m. The average bulk density of the investigated raw materials is 2.32 g/cm3. The compressive strength of the investigated raw materials ranges from 6.182 to 55.21 MN/m2. The positive area is 922,552 m2. The volume of the industrial bed is 14,466,242 m3. The economic reserve of the industrial bed is 33,561,682 tons.
Bischöfe beim Kaiser. Norm, Praxis und Darstellung unter Konstantins Söhnen
Authors: Schulz Fabian 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Dreißig Jahre nach der konstantinischen Wende, die den Kaiser zu einem wichtigeren Akteur der Kirche gemacht hatte, ärgerten sich die führenden Bischöfe darüber, dass Provinzbischöfe und Abweichler die Aufmerksamkeit und die Gunst des Kaisers erlangen konnten. Um den eigenen Einfluss zu sichern, wurden auf Konzilen in Antiochien und Serdika Beschlüsse gefasst, die die Kontakte von Bischöfen zum Kaiser regulierten. Dieser Aufsatz versucht in einem ersten Schritt, die jeweilige Motivation und Zielsetzung der Bischöfe zu rekonstruieren. Anschließend werden Hypothesen über die Präferenzen der Kaiser gebildet, die von den Regelungen ja unmittelbar betroffen waren. Waren die Kanones (zumal im Westen) gegen die Macht des Hofes gerichtet, wie viele Wissenschaftler denken? Schließlich werden wir in einer Fallstudie zu Athanasius untersuchen, ob diese Regelungen in der kaiserlichen und kirchlichen Praxis griffen und wie ihre Einhaltung und Missachtung literarisch inszeniert wurde. So werden Norm, Praxis und Darstellung zu einem Gesamtbild zusammengebracht, das neue Aufschlüsse über das Verhältnis von Staat und Kirche im Osten und Westen des römischen Reichs verspricht.
Scripture, Sovereignty and National Self-Determination in Martin Buber’s Bein Am Le’Artzo (1944)
Authors: Rubin Abraham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates Buber’s understanding of the relationship between the Jewish people and the Promised Land as it emerges from his biblical commentaries of the 1940s. It argues that Buber’s exegetical writings from the period should be read as an extension of his political pronouncements on Zionism, complementing his binational vision of Arab-Jewish coexistence in Palestine. Focusing on Buber’s 1944 lectures published under the title Bein Am Le’Artzo, I show how Buber questions the indigenous identification between the people and Land of Israel. Drawing on Amnon Raz-Krakotzkin’s theoretical concept of “exile within sovereignty,” I read Buber’s commentaries on the commandments of shmita and bikurim as an attempt to integrate the memory of exile within his vision of Zionism. The biblical resonance he attributes to the Jews’ resettlement in Palestine thus forms a pointed polemic against the ideal of Jewish nativism. In contrast to those who used the Bible in order to mythologize the Jews’ autochthonous relationship to the land of origins, Buber’s commentaries stress the diasporic consciousness preserved in the scriptures themselves.
Programmable optical meta-holograms
Authors: Zhang Jing Cheng , Fan Yubin , Yao Jin , Chen Mu Ku , Lin Shirong , Liang Yao , Leng Borui , Tsai Din Ping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The metaverse has captured significant attention as it provides a virtual realm that cannot be experienced in the physical world. Programmable optical holograms, integral components of the metaverse, allow users to access diverse information without needing external equipment. Meta-devices composed of artificially customized nano-antennas are excellent candidates for programmable optical holograms due to their compact footprint and flexible electromagnetic manipulation. Programmable optical meta-holograms can dynamically alter reconstructed images in real-time by directly modulating the optical properties of the metasurface or by modifying the incident light. Information can be encoded across multiple channels and freely selected through switchable functionality. These advantages will broaden the range of virtual scenarios in the metaverse, facilitating further development and practical applications. This review concentrates on recent advancements in the fundamentals and applications of programmable optical meta-holograms. We aim to provide readers with general knowledge and potential inspiration for applying programmable optical meta-holograms, both intrinsic and external ways, into the metaverse for better performance. An outlook and perspective on the challenges and prospects in these rapidly growing research areas are provided.
Die ausgebliebene Ahndung
Authors: Bernhard Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Zu den wenig beachteten Opfern der NS-Diktatur gehören tuberkulosekranke Menschen. Das liegt nicht zuletzt daran, dass Fälle von gezielter Patientenvernachlässigung, physischer Gewalt und schließlich Mord nach 1945 juristisch nicht belangt wurden, soweit es deutsche Opfer betraf. Patrick Bernhard fragt nach den Gründen dafür und zeigt auf der Basis neu erschlossener Quellen, dass dies mit dem Unwillen zusammenhing, Verbrechen zu ahnden, die nicht in Konzentrationslagern oder als genuin nationalsozialistisch begriffenen Institutionen begangen worden waren. So kann man das Vorgehen der beteiligten Juristen als erfolgreichen Versuch begreifen, den Nationalsozialismus und die in seinem Namen begangenen Verbrechen einzuhegen und sie auf bestimmte Tatkomplexe, Täter und Tatorte zu begrenzen. Der Aufsatz verweist damit auch darauf, wie in der westdeutschen Gesellschaft „Normalität“ konstruiert wurde.
FEMINISMO NEGRO COMO MECANISMO DE TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Reis Silva Luciene , Braga Moruzzi Andrea 
Published: September 2023

O processo de escravização de pessoas negras foi o ato mais desumano creditado na história do Brasil. A prática racista advinda do período colonial se expressa concretamente como desigualdade política, social, cultural, educacional e econômica. Reconhecer a existência do racismo é identificar a incoerência dele enquanto ideologia - conjunto de ideias e valores sociais, que se estrutura na lógica de superioridade de sujeitos brancos em detrimento de sujeitos negros. O presente artigo se insere em um projeto de pesquisa cujo propósito é investigar as diferentes expressões dos feminismos negros e a forma pela qual eles nos ajudam a pensar diretrizes e orientações para uma educação antissexista e antirracista. Entre as várias intelectuais negras sobre as quais tal pesquisa se debruça está Grada Kilomba e especificamente o seu livro “Memórias da Plantação: episódios de racismo cotidiano”, fruto de sua tese de doutorado. Procura-se nesse texto revisitar as contribuições do feminismo negro de Grada Kilomba para pensar sobre os corpos racializados, especificamente corpos de mulheres negras, intencionando compreender a intersecção entre os conceitos de raça, de gênero e estruturas de poder, assim como as contribuições do feminismo negro para a ascensão socioeducacional de mulheres negras. A metodologia utilizada faz parte do escopo de investigação antirracista e feminista, elencando direcionamentos propositivos para uma educação nessas dimensões. Como indicativo dessa preposição, observa-se que o feminismo negro de Kilomba atribui grande importância para aquisição de um novo vocabulário antirracista que possa produzir subjetividades negras afirmativas e subjetividades brancas antirracistas.
ROMPENDO A LÓGICA NEOLIBERAL EM CURRÍCULO E POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Alves Dombkowitsch Luciana , Netto Brum Amanda , Duro Dias Renato 
Published: September 2023

Este estudo investiga algumas possibilidades de políticas educativas centradas na justiça curricular, como caminho para a concretização de uma justiça social. De abordagem qualitativa e metodologia bibliográfica a proposta avança tendo como hipótese que o cinema se constitui como uma ferramenta de aprendizagem, ou seja, como uma possiblidade de construção pedagógica pautada em justiça curricular. Para tanto, no primeiro momento abordar-se-á a forma como o neoliberalismo vem impondo uma transformação nas políticas públicas educativas por meio da introdução do currículo neoliberal. Já no segundo momento problematiza-se a forma como os professores fazem política e como a política faz professores. Logo, questiona-se a possibilidade de existir Justiça Curricular dentro de um modelo de educação neoliberal, e por fim, apresenta-se, a partir do filme A Forma d’água, o cinema como ferramenta de aprendizagem, isto é, como uma possiblidade de construção pedagógica pautada em uma justiça curricular despatriarcalizada, anticlassita, antirracista e LGBTQIAP+ inclusivo.
Evaluating China’s Retired Teacher Re-employment Programs from the Perspective of Human Capital Theories
Authors: Shi Yunfeng 
Published: September 2023

Human capital is the most crucial to social development among all forms of resources. The exploitation of high-quality human capital in retired teachers is of vital significance for China’s socio-economic development. This article described the implementation of China’s retired teacher re-employment programs and examined their practical significance from the perspective of human capital theories with the purpose of providing implications for the reform of teacher staffing and optimization of human resources utilization in China.
Improved Steepest Descent Method using Modified Bessel Function K_(1/4 ) for Gamma Function Evaluation
Authors: Cahaya Adam Badra 
Published: September 2023

Steepest descent method employs a Gaussian function when approximating an integral of a function. In this article we improve the approximation by using function in the form of . As an example, we approximate the value of gamma function to provide improved approximation for Stirling formula that is often used for estimating factorial of a large number.
PEMBELAAN EMANSIPASI PEREMPUAN ISLAM DALAM PUISI “INNAMAL MAR’ATU” KARYA JAMIL SHIDQI AZ-ZAHAWI
Authors: Shiddiq Muhammad Jafar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. This study focuses on analyzing the poem "Innamal Mar'atu" by Jamil Shidqi Az-Zahawi as one of the influential people on the liberation of Muslim women in Iraq in the mid-20th century. The poem will be studied with Paul Ricoheur's Hermeneutic theory supplemented by a literary criticism perspective. feminists to reveal the symbols of defense in the liberation of Islamic women's rights contained therein as a means of criticizing the lives of women who have the impression of sexism towards gender equality which is expected through Paul Ricoheur's heurmenatic stages in the form of semantic, reflective, and philosophical or existential. That the poem contains the defense of Islamic women's rights which Zahawi expressed symbolically in the form of educational and scientific facilities for Muslim women, their role in the family, and social needs so that the life of Islamic society is more egalitarian or equal even though Zahawi's poetry has a history of controversy with the religious dictions conveyed, namely the word "hijab", but with the interpretation of these symbols it makes it read clearly and minimizes misunderstandings in the meaning of Zahawi's poetry. Abstrak. Penelitian ini fokus untuk menganalisis puisi “Innamal Mar’atu” karya Jamil Shidqi Az-Zahawi sebagai salah satu orang yang berpengaruh tentang pembebasan wanita Islam di Irak pada pertengahan abad 20. Puisi tersebut akan dikaji dengan teori Hermeneutik Paul Ricoheur yang dilengkapi dengan perspektif kritik sastra feminis untuk mengungkap simbol-simbol pembelaan dalam pembebasan hak-hak perempuan Islam yang terkandung di dalamnya sebagai sarana kritik terhadap kehidupan perempuan yang terkesan seksisme menuju kesetaraan gender yang diharapkan melalui tahapan-tahapan heurmenatik Paul Ricoheur berupa semantik, reflektif, dan filosofi atau eksistensial. Bahwa di dalam puisi tersebut terkandung pembelaan hak-hak perempuan Islam yang diungkapkan Zahawi secara simbolis berupa fasilitas pendidikan dan keilmuan bagi perempuan Islam, peran mereka dalam keluarga, serta sosial yang dibutuhkan agar kehidupan masyarakat Islam lebih egaliter atau setara meski puisi Zahawi ini memiliki sejarah kontroversi dengan diksi-diksi agama yang dibawakan yaitu kata “hijab”, namun dengan penafsiran simbol-simbol tersebut menjadikannya terbaca dengan jelas dan meminimalisir kesalahpahaman dalam pemaknaan puisi Zahawi ini.