bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy
Authors: Wen Yuan-Zhang , Liu Gao-Min , Liao Jia-Peng , Xu Ji-Wei 
Published: February 2024

AimLimited data are available regarding ALI’s clinical relevance and prognostic value in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.Materials and methodsHCC patients who received hepatectomy at the Meizhou People’s Hospital from May 2011 to February 2022 were enrolled in the study cohort. The ALI was calculated as follows: ALI = BMI (kg/m2) × ALB (g/dL)/(absolute neutrophil count/absolute lymphocyte count). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). The secondary outcome was cancer-specific survival (CSS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed, followed by nomogram construction and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results425 HCC patients were enrolled for analyses. Lower preoperative ALI was significantly correlated with incomplete tumor capsule and advanced tumor stage. Lower preoperative ALI was an adverse independent prognostic factor for OS (HR: 1.512, 95% CI: 1.122-2.039, P 0.007) and CSS (HR: 1.754, 95% CI: 1.262-2.438, P &lt;0.001) in HCC patients. The nomogram plot was built based on three (including age, TNM stage, and ALI) and two (including TNM stage and ALI) independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS, respectively. Further analyses indicated that the nomogram had better predictive value and some net benefit than the traditional TNM stage alone, especially in long-term OS.ConclusionsOur study further indicated that ALI could be a prognostic marker for OS and CSS in HCC patients after hepatectomy, especially in long-term OS.
A scoping review of endoscopic and robotic techniques for lateral neck dissection in thyroid cancer
Authors: Woods Alexis L. , Campbell Michael J. , Graves Claire E. 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionLateral neck dissection (LND) in thyroid cancer has traditionally been performed by a transcervical technique with a large collar incision. With the rise of endoscopic, video-assisted, and robotic techniques for thyroidectomy, minimally invasive LND is now being performed more frequently, with better cosmetic outcomes.MethodsThe purpose of this paper is to review the different minimally invasive and remote access techniques for LND in thyroid cancer. A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar search terms “thyroid cancer” and “lateral neck dissection” and “endoscopy OR robot OR endoscopic OR video-assisted”.ResultsThere are multiple surgical options now available within each subset of endoscopic, video-assisted, and robotic LND. The approach dictates the extent of the LND but almost all techniques access levels II-IV, with variability on levels I and V. This review provides an overview of the indications, contraindications, surgical and oncologic outcomes for each technique.DiscussionThough data remains limited, endoscopic and robotic techniques for LND are safe, with improved cosmetic results and comparable oncologic and surgical outcomes. Similar to patient selection in minimally invasive thyroidectomy, it is important to consider the extent of the LND and select appropriate surgical candidates.
Efficacy and safety of oral sulfate tablet vs. polyethylene glycol and ascorbate for bowel preparation in children
Authors: Choi Sujin , Kim Ji Sook , Choe Byung-Ho , Kang Ben 
Published: February 2024

Background and aimBowel preparation for pediatric colonoscopy presents several challenges. However, no bowel preparation regimen is universally preferred for children. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of oral sulfate tablet (OST) in pediatric bowel preparation.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed data from children who received 2l of polyethylene glycol and ascorbate (PEG/Asc) or OST for bowel preparation between 2021 and 2023. A comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups.ResultsA total of 146 patients were included (2l PEG/Asc: 115, 73.0% vs. OST: 31). No significant difference was observed in the total BBPS score (median 8.0 vs. 8.0, P = 0.152) and the total OBPS score (median 5.0 vs. 3.0, P = 0.152) between the two groups. No significant difference was noted in the ratio of a bubble score of 0 (73.0% vs. 93.5%, P = 0.132). The incidence of abdominal pain was significantly lower in the OST group (32.2% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.002). The VAS score for overall satisfaction was significantly higher in the OST group (4.0 vs. 7.0, P &lt; 0.001). For the next colonoscopy bowel preparation, a higher proportion of patients in the OST group showed a willingness to use the same preparation regimen (33.9% vs. 83.9%, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionOST was as efficacious and safe as 2 L of PEG/Asc for pediatric bowel preparation. The satisfaction level was higher with OST than with 2 L of PEG/Asc. OST may be considered a good alternative for children with poor compliance during bowel preparation.
Prevalence and determinants of adverse perinatal outcomes of preeclampsia with severe features at two selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tadese Mesfin , Damesa Wogene Asefa , Solomon Gebeyehu Shumet , Fitie Girma Wogie , Mitiku Yohannes Moges , Tessema Saba Desta , Endale Agizew 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundPreeclampsia is a new onset of hypertension and either proteinuria or end-organ failure after 20 weeks of gestation. It is a prevalent cause of perinatal mortality, morbidity, and neonatal complications in developing nations including Ethiopia. Thus, the aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of adverse perinatal outcomes among women with preeclampsia with severity features (PEWSF) at two selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out among 348 mothers between January 1, 2023, and July 1, 2023. A structured, pre-tested questionnaire was used to gather data from in-person interviews and a review of the patient's medical record. The statistical program Epi-Data version 4.6 was used to enter the data, and SPSS version 26.0 was used for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to find factors that were associated with unfavorable perinatal outcomes. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare the significance level.ResultThe overall prevalence of unfavorable perinatal outcomes was 59.2% (95% CI: 54.0–63.8). Among the complications, low birth weight, prematurity, NICU admission, and a low fifth-minute APGAR score, encompass 48.9%, 39.4%, 20.4%, and 14.7%, respectively. No formal education [OR = 5.14, 95% CI: (1.93–13.63)], unemployment [OR = 0.42, 95% CI: (0.24–0.73)], referral cases [OR = 2.03, 95% CI: (1.08–4.06), inadequate antenatal care (ANC) contact [OR = 3.63, 95% CI: (1.22–10.71)], and family history of hypertension [OR = 1.99, 95% CI: (1.03–3.85)] have shown a statistically significant association with unfavorable perinatal outcomes.ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of unfavorable perinatal outcomes was high compared to other studies in Ethiopia. Level of education, occupation, mode of admission, ANC contact, and family history of hypertension were significant predictors of unfavorable perinatal outcomes. Socio-economic development, improving referral systems, and adequate antenatal care contact are needed to improve unfavorable outcomes. Additionally, antenatal screening and specialized care for high-risk mothers, e.g., those with a family history of hypertension are recommended.
Case Report: Gas in the esophagus, stomach wall and portal vein with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Authors: Yao Na , Zhang Wenxin , Gao Qi , Lu Chaoxiang , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundCHPS dramatically affects infant growth and development and can even cause aspiration resulting from esophageal reflux. There is potential danger. CHPS is common, while CHPS with gas in the stomach wall and portal vein is rare. Gas in the stomach wall and portal vein are often the key features of more serious disease. It can be easily mistaken as a serious disease when patients with CHPS have gas in the stomach wall and portal vein.Case presentationA 56-day-old baby was hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia after vomiting without bile for 20 days. Compared with vomiting, which is the most common symptom, pneumonia tends to attract more attention. Because of pneumonia, a chest CT scan was performed and revealed massive gas accumulation in the walls of the esophagus, stomach, and portal vein. Therefore, NEC was considered first and was treated conservatively for one week. However, the vomiting continued, and CHPS was confirmed by ultrasound. The delay in CHPS diagnosis was due to insufficient recognition of the signs of gas accumulation. Because of inexperience and lack of knowledge about CHPS with gastrointestinal pneumatosis, physicians failed to make an early accurate diagnosis. Case 2 was a 29-day-old male who was admitted to the hospital with vomiting without bile. He was examined by ultrasound, which revealed gas in the stomach wall and portal vein after admission to the hospital. No peritonitis was found after a detailed and comprehensive physical examination. Emergency life-threatening diseases such as NEC were quickly ruled out. He received surgery as soon as possible and had an uneventful recovery with no complications.ConclusionCHPS may present with gas in the gastric or esophageal wall and portal vein, which is not a contraindication to surgery.
Comparison of midterm efficacy of Kirschner wires and elastic intramedullary nails after closed reduction of Judet type 3 radial neck fractures in children: a multicenter study
Authors: Xu Zheng , Teng Jun , Wu Yuyuan , Xiang Feng , Xie Yuyin , Xiang Junqiao , Liu Can , Song Zhenqi , Tang Zhongwen , Wen Jie , Li Yanjun , Xiao Sheng 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the midterm efficacy of Kirschner wires and elastic intramedullary nails after the closed reduction treatment of Judet 3 radial neck fractures in children.MethodsThis was a retrospective multicenter study of patients diagnosed with Judet type 3 radial neck fractures who underwent closed reduction and internal fixation at four tertiary hospitals from January 2019 to December 2021. Gender, age, fracture type, operation time, follow-up time, x-ray results and complications were collected. The recovery of elbow joint between the two internal fixation methods, elbow motion and complications at the last follow-up were compared.ResultsThe average operation time of EIN group was statistical significantly increased compared with KW group. There were no significant differences in MEPS score and ROM 3 months after surgery between the two groups, but the ROR Angle of EIN group was statistical significantly increased compared with KW group 3 months after surgery. There were no significant differences in MEPS score, ROM and ROR at the last follow-up. The incidence of complications in EIN group was significantly lower than that in KW group.ConclusionThe use of elastic intramedullary nails fixation or Kirschner wires fixation in the treatment of radial neck fractures in children can both achieve satisfactory fracture reduction and healing. Compared with elastic intramedullary nails, the operation time of Kirschner wires fixation is shorter, and the internal fixation does not need to be removed under anesthesia again, but the complication rate is higher.
Assessment of the current status of real-world pharmacogenomic testing: informed consent, patient education, and related practices
Authors: Pereira Lucas , Haidar Cyrine-Eliana , Haga Susanne B. , Cisler Anna G. , Hall April , Shukla Sanjay K. , Hebbring Scott J. , Leary Emili J. W. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The practice of informed consent (IC) for pharmacogenomic testing in clinical settings varies, and there is currently no consensus on which elements of IC to provide to patients. This study aims to assess current IC practices for pharmacogenomic testing.Methods: An online survey was developed and sent to health providers at institutions that offer clinical germline pharmacogenomic testing to assess current IC practices.Results: Forty-six completed surveys representing 43 clinical institutions offering pharmacogenomic testing were received. Thirty-two (74%) respondents obtain IC from patients with variability in elements incorporated. Results revealed that twenty-nine (67%) institutions discuss the benefits, description, and purpose of pharmacogenomic testing with patients. Less commonly discussed elements included methodology and accuracy of testing, and laboratory storage of samples.Discussion: IC practices varied widely among survey respondents. Most respondents desire the establishment of consensus IC recommendations from a trusted pharmacogenomics organization to help address these disparities.
Repeated hypoxic episodes allow hematological and physiological habituation in rainbow trout
Authors: Ruiz Nuria , García-Meilán Irene , Khansari Ali Reza , Teles Mariana , Pastor Josep , Tort Lluís 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Under climate change, the increase in temperature in aquatic environments may induce oxygen depletion. In extreme cases, low oxygen may become a limiting factor for fish, thus generating stress. In addition, consecutive hypoxic episodes may complicate the recovery of individuals and hinder their ability to modulate physiological and biochemical responses to maintain homeostasis. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the hematological and physiological responses of rainbow trout under a condition of repeated hypoxic and manipulation stresses at three different time points.Methods: Every hypoxic episode consisted of exposing the fish to low dissolved oxygen concentrations (2 mgO2/L for 1 h). Following the exposure, the fish were allowed to recover for 1 h, after which they were sampled to investigate hematological and physiological parameters.Results and discussion: The results showed a pattern of habituation reflected by values of hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume, indicating a certain ability of rainbow trout to resist this type of repeated hypoxic events, provided that the fish can have some recovery time between the exposures.
The effects of cognitive-motor dual-task training on athletes’ cognition and motor performance
Authors: Wu Junyu , Qiu Peng , Lv Shuaibing , Chen Mingxian , Li Youqiang 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundCognitive-Motor Dual Task (CMDT) training has been widely utilized in rehabilitation and sports practice. However, whether CMDT training can better enhance athletes’ cognitive-motor performance compared to traditional single-task (ST) training remains unclear.MethodA systematic review that complied with PRISMA was carried out (Prospero registration number: CRD42023443594). The electronic databases used for the systematic literature search from the beginning through 13 June 2023, included Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. After obtaining the initial literature, two researchers independently assessed it based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, the included literature was analyzed to compare the differences between ST training and CMDT training.ResultsAfter screening 2,094 articles, we included 10 acute studies and 7 chronic studies.ConclusionThis systematic review shows that athletes typically show a degradation of performance in CMDT situations as opposed to ST when evaluated transversally. However, this performance decline is notably reduced following longitudinal training in CMDT, indicating the effectiveness of sustained CMDT training in enhancing cognitive-motor performance under dual-task conditions. Our study provides new insights into the application of CMDT in the field of sports training. Practitioners can utilize CMDT to assess athletic skill levels or optimize cognitive-motor performance of athletes, taking into account the specific needs of each sport.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023443594.
Abstinence duration and psychopathology among addiction outpatients during 18 months of COVID-19
Authors: Daigre Constanza , Palma-Álvarez Raul Felipe , Sorribes-Puertas Marta , Ortega-Hernández German , Perea-Ortueta Marta , Ros-Cucurull Elena , Segura Lidia , Colom Joan , Braquehais Maria Dolores , Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni , Grau-López Lara 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of patients with substance use disorder (SUD). However, few longitudinal studies have been done which examine associations between the pandemic, SUD patients’ mental health and their drug use.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine duration of abstinence according to psychiatric status among SUD outpatients followed-up for 18 months from the pandemic related lockdown.MethodsA follow-up study of 316 SUD outpatients was undertaken. Sociodemographic features, and clinical and consumption related variables were recorded. Pre, during and post lockdown information was evaluated. Abstinence/substance use was monitored at the patient’s scheduled follow-up appointments, and psychiatric disorders and psychological variables were revaluated at 18 months.ResultsSurvival analyses were used to compare the duration of abstinence (in months) from the beginning of the lockdown. It was observed that 70% of patients consumed the main substance for which they were being treated at some point during the follow-up. Men, younger patients, those with more symptoms of anxiety and personality disorders, and patients who experienced increased craving during follow-up, showed shorter duration of abstinence. While patients who had previously maintained at least one year of abstinence, achieved better results.ConclusionsDuring the first year and a half of the pandemic, SUD outpatients presented alterations in mental health, such us anxiety, depression and maladaptive personality traits and a high rate of relapse. For this reason, despite the health and social crisis and their restrictive measures, a comprehensive treatment should be ensured.
Prediction and the influencing factor study of colorectal cancer hospitalization costs in China based on machine learning-random forest and support vector regression: a retrospective study
Authors: Gao Jun , Liu Yan 
Published: February 2024

AimsAs people’s standard of living improves, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing, and colorectal cancer hospitalization costs are relatively high. Therefore, predicting the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer patients can provide guidance for controlling healthcare costs and for the development of related policies.MethodsThis study used the first page of medical record data on colorectal cancer inpatient cases of a tertiary first-class hospital in Shenzhen from 2018 to 2022. The impacting factors of hospitalization costs for colorectal cancer were analyzed. Random forest and support vector regression models were used to establish predictive models of the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer patients and to compare and evaluate.ResultsIn colorectal cancer inpatients, major procedures, length of stay, level of procedure, Charlson comorbidity index, age, and medical payment method were the important influencing factors. In terms of the test set, the R2 of the Random forest model was 0.833, the R2 of the Support vector regression model was 0.824; the root mean square error (RMSE) of the Random forest model was 0.029, and the RMSE of the Support vector regression model was 0.032. In the Random Forest model, the weight of the major procedure was the highest (0.286).ConclusionMajor procedures and length of stay have the greatest impacts on hospital costs for colorectal cancer patients. The random forest model is a better method to predict the hospitalization costs for colorectal cancer patients than the support vector regression.
The effect of nonpharmaceutical interventions on influenza virus transmission
Authors: Chen Danlei , Zhang Ting , Chen Simiao , Ru Xuanwen , Shao Qingyi , Ye Qing , Cheng Dongqing 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe use of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during severe acute respiratory syndrome 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks may influence the spread of influenza viruses. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs against SARS-CoV-2 on the epidemiological features of the influenza season in China.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study analyzing influenza monitoring data obtained from the China National Influenza Center between 2011 and 2023. We compared the changes in influenza-positive patients in the pre-COVID-19 epidemic, during the COVID-19 epidemic, and post-COVID-19 epidemic phases to evaluate the effect of NPIs on influenza virus transmission.ResultsNPIs targeting COVID-19 significantly suppressed influenza activity in China from 2019 to 2022. In the seventh week after the implementation of the NPIs, the number of influenza-positive patients decreased by 97.46% in southern regions of China and 90.31% in northern regions of China. However, the lifting of these policies in December 2022 led to an unprecedented surge in influenza-positive cases in autumn and winter from 2022 to 2023. The percentage of positive influenza cases increased by 206.41% (p &lt; 0.001), with high positivity rates reported in both the northern and southern regions of China.ConclusionOur findings suggest that NPIs against SARS-CoV-2 are effective at controlling influenza epidemics but may compromise individuals’ immunity to the virus.
Introduction of Internal Circulation-Based Cooling Methods and Green Coolants in Milling via Cutting Tool and Tooling Design
Authors: Radchenko Ilia , Takahashi Wataru , Takahashi Hidebumi , Abe Taro , Sasahara Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the process of the design and verification of a milling tool and tooling that may contribute to the renouncement of the flood cooling method when mineral oils and oil-in-water emulsions are used as coolants. The proposed solutions are based on the idea of coolant supply in internal channels created inside of a cutting tool. As an alternative to the aforementioned mineral oil-based coolants, liquids with higher cooling efficiency and environmental friendliness (green coolants) were considered. Given coolants’ possible lack of lubricating properties and negative (corrosive, etc.) influence on a machine tool’s units, tooling delivers these coolants to the cutting tool and bypasses the standard machine tool’s supply system. The geometry of the milling tool (a cutting insert with an internal channel) was tested in the framework of a stress simulation. To perform it, cutting force components Fz, Fy, and Fx were determined empirically and then applied to the simulated area of contact between the tool and the workpiece. Based on the obtained principal stress values P1, P2, and P3, the factor of safety was calculated with the Mohr–Coulomb, P1 max, and P3 min failure criteria. The proposed milling tool, equipped with a novel type of labyrinth seal with no friction between its components, was experimentally tested to confirm its ability to maintain leak-tightness at different values of spindle speed (200~2000 rpm) and coolant supply volume (1.0~10.0 L/min). Based on the results of the stress simulation and the leak-tightness experiment, conclusions were drawn about further modernization and utilization prospects of the proposed milling tool and tooling design.