bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological and functional decline of the SNc in a model of progressive parkinsonism
Authors: Muñoz Jacob M. , Williams John T. , Lebowitz Joseph J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease are attributed to the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Previous work in the MCI-Park mouse model has suggested that the loss of somatodendritic dopamine transmission predicts the development of motor deficits. In the current study, brain slices from MCI-Park mice were used to investigate dopamine signaling in the SNc prior to and through the onset of movement deficits. Electrophysiological properties were impaired by p30 and somatic volume was decreased at all time points. The D2 receptor activated potassium current evoked by quinpirole was present initially, but declined after p30. In contrast, D2-IPSCs were absent at all time points. The decrease in GPCR-mediated inhibition was met with increased spontaneous GABAA signaling. Dendro-dendritic synapses are identified as an early locus of dysfunction in response to bioenergetic decline and suggest that dendritic release sites may contribute to the induction of degeneration.
Abundant ammonia and nitrogen-rich soluble organic matter in samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu
Authors: Glavin Daniel P. , Dworkin Jason P. , Alexander Conel M. O’D. , Aponte José C. , Baczynski Allison A. , Barnes Jessica J. , Bechtel Hans A. , Berger Eve L. , Burton Aaron S. , Caselli Paola , Chung Angela H. , Clemett Simon J. , Cody George D. , Dominguez Gerardo , Elsila Jamie E. , Farnsworth Kendra K. , Foustoukos Dionysis I. , Freeman Katherine H. , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Gainsforth Zack , Graham Heather V. , Grassi Tommaso , Giuliano Barbara Michela , Hamilton Victoria E. , Haenecour Pierre , Heck Philipp R. , Hofmann Amy E. , House Christopher H. , Huang Yongsong , Kaplan Hannah H. , Keller Lindsay P. , Kim Bumsoo , Koga Toshiki , Liss Michael , McLain Hannah L. , Marcus Matthew A. , Matney Mila , McCoy Timothy J. , McIntosh Ophélie M. , Mojarro Angel , Naraoka Hiroshi , Nguyen Ann N. , Nuevo Michel , Nuth Joseph A. , Oba Yasuhiro , Parker Eric T. , Peretyazhko Tanya S. , Sandford Scott A. , Santos Ewerton , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Seguin Frederic , Simkus Danielle N. , Shahid Anique , Takano Yoshinori , Thomas-Keprta Kathie L. , Tripathi Havishk , Weiss Gabriella , Zheng Yuke , Lunning Nicole G. , Righter Kevin , Connolly Harold C. , Lauretta Dante S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Organic matter in meteorites reveals clues about early Solar System chemistry and the origin of molecules important to life, but terrestrial exposure complicates interpretation. Samples returned from the B-type asteroid Bennu by the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer mission enabled us to study pristine carbonaceous astromaterial without uncontrolled exposure to Earth’s biosphere. Here we show that Bennu samples are volatile rich, with more carbon, nitrogen and ammonia than samples from asteroid Ryugu and most meteorites. Nitrogen-15 isotopic enrichments indicate that ammonia and other N-containing soluble molecules formed in a cold molecular cloud or the outer protoplanetary disk. We detected amino acids (including 14 of the 20 used in terrestrial biology), amines, formaldehyde, carboxylic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-heterocycles (including all five nucleobases found in DNA and RNA), along with ~10,000 N-bearing chemical species. All chiral non-protein amino acids were racemic or nearly so, implying that terrestrial life’s left-handed chirality may not be due to bias in prebiotic molecules delivered by impacts. The relative abundances of amino acids and other soluble organics suggest formation and alteration by low-temperature reactions, possibly in NH3-rich fluids. Bennu’s parent asteroid developed in or accreted ices from a reservoir in the outer Solar System where ammonia ice was stable.
Global meta-analysis shows action is needed to halt genetic diversity loss
Authors: Shaw Robyn E. , Farquharson Katherine A. , Bruford Michael W. , Coates David J. , Elliott Carole P. , Mergeay Joachim , Ottewell Kym M. , Segelbacher Gernot , Hoban Sean , Hvilsom Christina , Pérez-Espona Sílvia , Ruņģis Dainis , Aravanopoulos Filippos , Bertola Laura D. , Cotrim Helena , Cox Karen , Cubric-Curik Vlatka , Ekblom Robert , Godoy José A. , Konopiński Maciej K. , Laikre Linda , Russo Isa-Rita M. , Veličković Nevena , Vergeer Philippine , Vilà Carles , Brajkovic Vladimir , Field David L. , Goodall-Copestake William P. , Hailer Frank , Hopley Tara , Zachos Frank E. , Alves Paulo C. , Biedrzycka Aleksandra , Binks Rachel M. , Buiteveld Joukje , Buzan Elena , Byrne Margaret , Huntley Barton , Iacolina Laura , Keehnen Naomi L. P. , Klinga Peter , Kopatz Alexander , Kurland Sara , Leonard Jennifer A. , Manfrin Chiara , Marchesini Alexis , Millar Melissa A. , Orozco-terWengel Pablo , Ottenburghs Jente , Posledovich Diana , Spencer Peter B. , Tourvas Nikolaos , Unuk Nahberger Tina , van Hooft Pim , Verbylaite Rita , Vernesi Cristiano , Grueber Catherine E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mitigating loss of genetic diversity is a major global biodiversity challenge1–4. To meet recent international commitments to maintain genetic diversity within species5,6, we need to understand relationships between threats, conservation management and genetic diversity change. Here we conduct a global analysis of genetic diversity change via meta-analysis of all available temporal measures of genetic diversity from more than three decades of research. We show that within-population genetic diversity is being lost over timescales likely to have been impacted by human activities, and that some conservation actions may mitigate this loss. Our dataset includes 628 species (animals, plants, fungi and chromists) across all terrestrial and most marine realms on Earth. Threats impacted two-thirds of the populations that we analysed, and less than half of the populations analysed received conservation management. Genetic diversity loss occurs globally and is a realistic prediction for many species, especially birds and mammals, in the face of threats such as land use change, disease, abiotic natural phenomena and harvesting or harassment. Conservation strategies designed to improve environmental conditions, increase population growth rates and introduce new individuals (for example, restoring connectivity or performing translocations) may maintain or even increase genetic diversity. Our findings underscore the urgent need for active, genetically informed conservation interventions to halt genetic diversity loss.
An evaporite sequence from ancient brine recorded in Bennu samples
Authors: McCoy T. J. , Russell S. S. , Zega T. J. , Thomas-Keprta K. L. , Singerling S. A. , Brenker F. E. , Timms N. E. , Rickard W. D. A. , Barnes J. J. , Libourel G. , Ray S. , Corrigan C. M. , Haenecour P. , Gainsforth Z. , Dominguez G. , King A. J. , Keller L. P. , Thompson M. S. , Sandford S. A. , Jones R. H. , Yurimoto H. , Righter K. , Eckley S. A. , Bland P. A. , Marcus M. A. , DellaGiustina D. N. , Ireland T. R. , Almeida N. V. , Harrison C. S. , Bates H. C. , Schofield P. F. , Seifert L. B. , Sakamoto N. , Kawasaki N. , Jourdan F. , Reddy S. M. , Saxey D. W. , Ong I. J. , Prince B. S. , Ishimaru K. , Smith L. R. , Benner M. C. , Kerrison N. A. , Portail M. , Guigoz V. , Zanetta P.-M. , Wardell L. R. , Gooding T. , Rose T. R. , Salge T. , Le L. , Tu V. M. , Zeszut Z. , Mayers C. , Sun X. , Hill D. H. , Lunning N. G. , Hamilton V. E. , Glavin D. P. , Dworkin J. P. , Kaplan H. H. , Franchi I. A. , Tait K. T. , Tachibana S. , Connolly H. C. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Evaporation or freezing of water-rich fluids with dilute concentrations of dissolved salts can produce brines, as observed in closed basins on Earth1 and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System2,3. The mineralogical evolution of these brines is well understood in regard to terrestrial environments4, but poorly constrained for extraterrestrial systems owing to a lack of direct sampling. Here we report the occurrence of salt minerals in samples of the asteroid (101955) Bennu returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission5. These include sodium-bearing phosphates and sodium-rich carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides formed during evaporation of a late-stage brine that existed early in the history of Bennu’s parent body. Discovery of diverse salts would not be possible without mission sample return and careful curation and storage, because these decompose with prolonged exposure to Earth’s atmosphere. Similar brines probably still occur in the interior of icy bodies Ceres and Enceladus, as indicated by spectra or measurement of sodium carbonate on the surface or in plumes2,3.
From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS)
Authors: Zeifman Richard J. , Spriggs Meg J. , Kettner Hannes , Lyons Taylor , Rosas Fernando E. , Mediano Pedro A. M. , Erritzoe David , Carhart-Harris Robin L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs. We conducted a preliminary examination of two psychological assumptions of REBUS: (a) psychedelics foster acute relaxation and post-acute revision of confidence in mental-health-relevant beliefs; which (b) facilitate positive therapeutic outcomes and are associated with the entropy of EEG signals. Healthy individuals (N = 11) were administered 1 mg and 25 mg psilocybin 4-weeks apart. Confidence ratings for personally held beliefs were obtained before, during, and 4-weeks post-psilocybin. Acute entropy and subjective experiences were measured, as was well-being (before and 4-weeks post-psilocybin). Confidence in negative self-beliefs decreased following 25 mg psilocybin. Entropy and subjective effects under 25 mg psilocybin correlated with decreases in negative self-belief confidence (acutely and at 4-weeks). Particularly strong evidence was seen for a relationship between decreases in negative self-belief confidence and increases in well-being. We report the first empirical evidence that the relaxation and revision of negative self-belief confidence mediates psilocybin's positive psychological outcomes, and provide tentative evidence for a neuronal mechanism, namely, increased neuronal entropy. Replication within larger and clinical samples is necessary. We also introduce a new measure for examining the robustness of these preliminary findings and the utility of the REBUS model.
Factors contributing to helminth prevalence after repeated mass administration of medicines in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Aribodor Ogechukwu B. , Okaka Christopher , Sam-Wobo Sammy , Bikoumou Annick , Obikwelu Emmanuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Over the past decade, Mass Administration of Medicines (MAM) has been a key strategy for controlling schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) in Anambra State, Nigeria. This longitudinal study, conducted from 2017 to 2019, evaluated the impact of interventions for controlling schistosomiasis (SCH) and STHs in recipient communities. A total of 1,046 pupils aged 5 to 16 years were enrolled, with Kato-Katz and urine filtration methods used for faecal and urine sample analysis. A structured questionnaire was administered to 243 people to assess the contextual factors. At baseline, prevalence was 8% (82/1046), with A. lumbricoides (7.0%), T. trichiura (1.0%), Hookworm (0.1%), and S. haematobium (0.5%) observed. Co-infection was 1%. At follow-up, prevalence decreased to 6% (65/1046), with A. lumbricoides (2.0%), T. trichiura (2.2%), and S. haematobium (2%) observed, and co-infection was 0.2%. Infection levels varied by location (p > 0.05), with socio-economic status and inadequate WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene) infrastructure contributing to transmission risk. Most respondents (87%) earned less than $50 per month, and 39% practiced open defecation. The persistence of open defecation highlights critical gaps in WASH that undermine sustainable Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) control. Addressing cultural and economic challenges, alongside improving WASH infrastructure, is essential to sustain MAM’s impact.
Considerations for establishment of a private virtual hospital identified using an implementation science approach
Authors: Fisher Olivia J. , Grogan Caroline , Barron Andrew , Kanagarajah Shanthi , Smith Sue-Ellen , Smith Ian , McGrath Kelly 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Virtual hospitals are rapidly being implemented internationally. Research has predominantly focused on clinical outcomes not implementation. We aimed to identify pre-implementation determinants to enable health services to tailor virtual hospital models, increasing likelihood of suitability, acceptability, uptake, clinical effectiveness, and sustainability. We aimed to inform the design and implementation of a private Australian virtual hospital by identifying contextual barriers, enablers, and considerations. We conducted a qualitative pre-implementation determinant study using snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews (n = 37) between February and July 2023 with consumers/carers/both (n = 11), clinicians (doctors/allied health/nursing/personal carers), hospital, health service and aged care leadership (n = 22), and public health stakeholders (n=4). Deductive framework analysis based on the PERCS implementation science framework was used. The following key determinants were identified: Enablers – strong executive leadership support; enthusiasm for expanding rural and remote services; need for a clear vision; strong tension for change; commitment to high-quality healthcare. Major barrier: restrictive funding models that stifle opportunities for innovation. Other barriers: technological limitations; communication challenges; workforce issues; clinicians’ opinions varied on safety and suitability of virtual healthcare. This implementation science approach enabled identification of a broad set of determinants not previously reported, relevant locally and for an international audience. Evaluation of implementation outcomes is necessary.
Ecofriendly remediation of cadmium, lead, and zinc using dead cells of Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Abdelkarim Mohamad S. , Ali Mohamed H. H. , Kassem Doaa A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The utilization of cyanobacteria toxin-producing blooms for metal ions adsorption has garnered significant attention over the last decade. This study investigates the efficacy of dead cells from Microcystis aeruginosa blooms, collected from agricultural drainage water reservoir, in removing of cadmium, lead, and zinc ions from aqueous solutions, and simultaneously addressing the mitigation of toxin-producing M. aeruginosa bloom. Some physical characterization of the dead biomass was performed, including scanning electron microscope (SEM) which revealed that, the cells form a dense, amorphous cluster, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed that carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen are the predominant elements in the biomass, Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified several active function groups, including hydroxyl, aliphatic C–H amide I and amide II bands, carboxylate and carbonyl (C=O). Key factors influencing the adsorption process were examined. Under optimal conditions—pH 6, a biosorbent dose of 0.3 g, contact time of 90 min, primary metal level of 100 mg/L and temperature of 35 °C (313K)—a maximum removal efficiency exceeding 90% was achieved. Isothermal analysis revealed that the adsorption of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.96, q
max > 67 mg/g). Kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption process (R2 > 0.94 and q

e
> 81.3 mg/g.), suggesting a dominant chemisorption mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The findings highlight the potential of M. aeruginosa dead cells as a low-cost, sustainable biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal in wastewater treatment applications.
Evaluation of anterior fixed appliances on maxillary arch growth in preschool children
Authors: Ghaly Mohamed , Hamila Nahed Abo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate a new modified fixed appliance for rehabilitation of premature loss of anterior teeth in preschool children versus a modified Nance appliance on maxillary arch growth with parental satisfaction. The study was conducted as a clinical trial and it was carried out at Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Forty preschool children from both genders aged from 3–5 years were included in the study. The selected children were divided into two groups; Group I: Twenty children received a modified fixed bridge. Group II: Twenty received a modified Nance appliance. Evaluation of both appliances on maxillary growth was carried out at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Finally, parental satisfaction was also recorded. It was revealed that, there was continuous maxillary growth in both groups at different follow up periods with no sexual dimorphism, and parental satisfaction was significantly higher in group I than group II. A modified fixed bridge was better than Nance appliance regarding parental satisfaction and it doesn’t interfere with maxillary growth.
Meta-analysis of RNA-Seq datasets allows a better understanding of P. tricornutum cellular biology, a requirement to improve the production of Biologics
Authors: Boulogne Isabelle , Toustou Charlotte , Bardor Muriel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is currently used for various industrial applications, including the pharmaceutical industry as a cost-effective cell biofactory to produce Biologics. Recent studies demonstrated that P. tricornutum can produce functional monoclonal antibodies, such application is currently limited by the production yield that hinders industrialization. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and control the cell biology of P. tricornutum to improve the Biologics production yield. Transcriptomic analyses have recently been used by the pharmaceutical industry to improve the production of Biologics in mammalian cells, especially Biologics titer and cell productivity. Hence, in the present work, we performed a meta-analysis of seven publicly available RNA-Seq datasets from different strains of P. tricornutum, for which the culture conditions were chosen as similar as possible. We analyzed the differential expression of genes that are involved in biological processes that are well known to potentially impact the bioproduction and critical quality attributes of Biologics. Therefore, the expression of genes involved in the N-glycan biosynthesis, protein export and secretion, protein quality control and proteasome, as well as those encoding proteases were analyzed and compared. The results pave the way towards optimizing Biologics production in P. tricornutum and highlight that the Pt4, Pt3 Ov and Pt8 strains seem to be the most promising P. tricornutum strains.
APOE4 and sedentary lifestyle synergistically impair neurovascular function in the visual cortex of awake mice
Authors: Anderle Silvia , Bonnar Orla , Henderson Joseph , Shaw Kira , Chagas Andre M. , McMullan Letitia , Webber Alexandra , McGowan Kirsty , King Sarah L. , Hall Catherine N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Reduced cerebral blood flow occurs early in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the factors producing this reduction are unknown. Here, we ask whether genetic and lifestyle risk factors for AD—the ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein (APOE) gene, and physical activity—can together produce this reduction in cerebral blood flow which leads eventually to AD. Using in vivo two-photon microscopy and haemodynamic measures, we record neurovascular function from the visual cortex of physically active or sedentary mice expressing APOE3 and APOE4 in place of murine APOE. Energy supply and demand are mismatched in APOE4 mice, with smaller increases in cerebral blood flow, blood volume and blood oxygenation occurring during neuronal activation as blood vessels frequently fail to dilate. Exercise dose-dependently overall improves neurovascular function, with an increased impact of exercise apparent after longer exposure times. Several haemodynamic measures show a larger beneficial effect of exercise in APOE4 vs. APOE3 mice. Thus, APOE4 genotype in conjunction with sedentary behaviour produces the worst neurovascular function. Promotion of physical activity may therefore be particularly important to improve cerebrovascular function and reduce dementia risk in APOE4 carriers.
Spiro-fused dibenzo[g,p]chrysene: annulative π-extension (APEX) synthesis and properties
Authors: Song Kanghui , Zhang Yuying , Wu Shuai , Yang Sha , Wei Shengchen , Chen Songhua , Ito Hideto , Itami Kenichiro , Li Yuanming 
Published: January 2025

Employing spirophenanthrenes and phenanthrenone as template arenes for APEX, we synthesized a series of spiro-fused dibenzo[g,p]chrysenes (SFCs) in high yields. SFCs exhibit unique fluorescence properties at 412 nm and enhanced thermal stability.
Patient adherence to surveillance colonoscopy after endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps and factors associated with loss to follow-up
Authors: Farooq Aimen , Bani Fawwaz BahaAldeen , Mian Arooj , Singh Gurdeep , Zhang Yiyang , Gerges Peter , Kadkhodayan Kambiz , Jain Deepanshu , Cosgrove Natalie , Arain Mustafa A , Hasan Muhammad Khalid , Yang Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPost-polypectomy surveillance colonoscopy (SC) plays an integral role in efforts to reduce colorectal cancer risk, but its effectiveness is invariably dependent on patient compliance. This study aimed to evaluate patient adherence to SC after endoscopic resection (ER) of polyps ≥ 20 mm and identify potential barriers associated with loss to follow-up.This was a single-center retrospective study evaluating adherence to SC after ER of polyps ≥ 20 mm between April 2018 to December 2021. Adherence to SC was defined as the proportion of patients who underwent follow-up colonoscopy. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with loss to follow-up.A total of 959 patients (mean age 67 years; 47.9% women) underwent endoscopic resection
of colorectal polyps ≥ 20 mm (mean size 33.2 ± 13.7 mm). Nearly half of the patients (n =
478; 49.8%) were lost to follow-up. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with a
higher likelihood of SC non-adherence were: lack of a primary care physician (odds ratio
[OR] 1.7;95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3- 2.3; P < 0.05),
American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 3 or 4 (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.9; P < 0.05), residence > 60 miles from the endoscopy suite (OR
1.6; 95% CI 1.2–2.3; P = 0.02), being referred by a physician
outside of our healthcare system (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.8; P =
0.01), and lack of written follow-up recommendations on the colonoscopy report (OR 3.6; 95%
CI 1.4–10.2; P = 0.01).Nearly half of patients undergoing ER of colorectal polyps ≥ 20 mm are lost to follow-up. We identified several patient- and healthcare-related factors as barriers to SC adherence. Strategies to address these issues and targeting of high-risk populations are urgently needed to enhance SC programs.