bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Octahedral Tilt Enables Efficient and Stable Fully Vapor‐Deposited Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Cells
Authors: Xu Yue‐Yu , Jiang Yang , Du Hong‐Qiang , Gao Xiang , Qiang Zi‐Yue , Wang Cai‐Xia , Tao Zhi‐Wei , Yang Long‐Hui , Zhi Rui , Liang Gui‐Jie , Cai Hao‐Yu , Rothmann Mathias Uller , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Li Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThermal evaporation can significantly facilitate scalable, uniform, and conformal perovskite film, particularly well‐suited for the preparation of perovskite/silicon (Si) tandem solar cells . However, the perovskite material easily induces a phase transition from a photoactive phase to a photoinactive phase, limiting the development of the stability and efficiency of tandem cells. Introducing lead chloride (PbCl2) into wide‐bandgap perovskite materials is beneficial for the fabrication of efficient and stable light‐absorbing materials, but the microscopic mechanism of the effect of PbCl2 on perovskite is still unclear. The study here reports evidences that the addition of PbCl2 to improve perovskite film stability and optoelectronic performance is due to the minor octahedral tilting of the perovskite structure are reported. It also demonstrates that this strategy accelerates interfacial charge transfer and carrier diffusion in the perovskite bulk and heterojunction interfaces. Therefore, the wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared by adding PbCl2 exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.80%. The PSCs retain 97% of their performance following 200 h of operation at the maximum power point under full 1‐sun illumination. Finally, monolithic perovskite/Si tandem cells with record PCEs of 27.43% and an open‐circuit voltage of 1.817 V are fabricated.
The Power of Three: Nanomaterials for Natural Killer (NK) Cell Immunoengineering Maximize Their Potency if They Exploit Multireceptor Stimulation
Authors: Dodd Helena , Guerra Nadia , Dunlop Iain E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMany emerging cancer treatments are immunotherapies that modulate Natural Killer‐ (NK) or T cell activation, posing a challenge to develop immunoengineering nanomaterials that improve on the performance of molecular reagents. In physiological activation, multiple immunoreceptors signal in consort; however, current biomaterials do not replicate this. Here, NK cells are created for the first time, activating bionanomaterials that stimulate >2 immunoreceptors. Nanoclusters of monoclonal antibodies (mAb), templated by nanoscale graphene oxide sheets (NGO) (≈75 nm size), are exploited. To inform nanoreagent design, a model system of planar substrates with anchored mAb is first investigated. Combining mAb that stimulates three NK cell activating receptors (αNKP46 + αNKG2D + αDNAM‐1), activated NK cells act more potently than any single receptor or pair. Applying this insight, an NGO‐mAb nanocluster combining three distinct mAb: NGO‐mAb(αNKP46 + αNKG2D + αDNAM‐1) is created. This construct is potent and outperforms single‐receptor‐simulating nanoclusters, activating nearly twice as many NK cells as NGO‐mAb(αNKP46) at a similar mAb dose or delivering similar activation at 10× lower dosage. Further, NGO‐mAb are more potent than planar substrates for both single‐ and triple‐mAb stimulation. These results imply a new concept for immunoengineering biomaterials: both nanoclustering and multi‐receptor stimulation should be incorporated for maximum effect.
A Flexible Dual‐Mode Capacitive Sensor for Highly Sensitive Touchless and Tactile Sensing in Human‐Machine Interactions
Authors: Liu Weijie , Xiang Feihe , Mei Deqing , Wang Yancheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman‐machine interaction(HMI) is extensively employed in various applications such as robotic control and augmented reality/virtual reality. However, HMIs are mainly based on single‐interaction mode, requiring bulky equipment to be worn or sustaining physical contact with the interfaces, resulting in limited interaction efficiency and intelligence. Here, it proposes a novel flexible dual‐mode capacitive sensor using 12 sensing units for touchless and tactile sensing during HMIs, the sensor has a labyrinth‐patterned electrode to improve the performance of proximity sensing and a truncated pyramid‐shaped porous hierarchical dielectric structure to improve the pressure sensing performance. The fabricated dual‐mode sensor is characterized by a high proximity detection range of up to 110 mm, the pressure detection range is from 0 to 200 kPa with a sensitivity of 0.464% kPa−1. Further, the dual‐mode sensor exhibits excellent discrimination between proximity and pressure signals, along with remarkable stability and repeatability. Then, a touchless‐tactile HMI platform is developed for real‐time control of robotics through accurate perception of touchless hand gestures and contact‐pressing interactions. This platform demonstrates the superior dual‐mode sensing performance of the sensor and validates its potential in future intelligent HMI scenarios.
Nutritional condition of wild and hatchery‐reared, green‐lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) spat used for aquaculture
Authors: Skelton Bradley M. , Múgica María , Zamora Leonardo N. , Delorme Natalí J. , Stanley Jenni A. , Jeffs Andrew G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe nutritional condition of seed mussels (spat) at the time of seeding is thought to play a major role in influencing spat losses on mussel farms, with nutritionally compromised spat thought to be more likely to be lost from aquaculture substrata than those in good condition. New Zealand's Greenshell™ mussel (Perna canaliculus) aquaculture industry relies almost exclusively (∼85%) on wild caught spat, with the vast majority, typically > 90%, lost shortly after being seeded onto coastal mussel farms. This study sought to quantify the extent of the variability in the nutritional condition (i.e., calorific, protein, lipid and carbohydrate content) of samples of spat used by the Greenshell™ industry between 2014 and 2021 (i.e., wild caught and hatchery produced) as a first step towards determining whether variability in nutritional condition may be a significant contributor to the marked variation observed in spat performance after it is seeded onto coastal farms. All parameters measured were highly variable among wild spat samples, with all but lipid content varying, including for samples of wild spat harvested at different times within the same month. Furthermore, there were no clear patterns in the nutritional condition of spat across months or years, suggesting environmental factors that limit feeding during the harvest and transport of spat may be contributing to marked differences in the quality of spat being used by the industry to seed farms. These results provide a baseline for assessing the nutritional condition of Greenshell™ spat and point towards a need to develop interventions to improve the quality of wild spat supply for this industry to help and prevent the ongoing massive losses of spat from farms. These measures could include, testing nutritional condition of spat at harvest or prior to seeding, development of nursery culture methods and development of artificial spat feeds that have the potential to replace live phytoplankton during nursery culture.
Time to diagnosis in rapid exome/genome sequencing in the clinical inpatient setting
Authors: Schildt Alison , Stevenson David A. , Yu Linbo , Anguiano Beatriz , Suarez Carlos J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExome and genome sequencing are clinically available, with many laboratories offering expedited testing (e.g., “rapid” and “ultra‐rapid”). With the increase in uptake of expedited testing, there is a need for the development of inpatient protocols for best practices based on real‐life data. A retrospective 2‐year review (October 2019–November 2021) of the utilization of rapid exome and genome sequencing for inpatient cases at a tertiary care center using a utilization management tracking database with subsequent chart review was performed. Thirty‐three expedited “rapid/priority” exome/genome tests were performed clinically. The average total turnaround time (TAT) was 17.88 days (5–43 days) with an average TAT of 13.97 days (3–41 days) for the performing laboratory. There were 5 positive diagnostic results (15.2%), 3 likely positive diagnostic results (9%), 2 noncontributory results (6%), and 26 nondiagnostic results (69.7%). Real‐life data suggest that there is an approximately 3.91‐day lag in getting samples to the performing laboratory. Although laboratories may advertise their expected TAT, a number of factors can potentially impact the actual time from test order placement to communication of the results for clinical use. Understanding the points of delay will enable the development of internal protocols and policies to improve time to diagnosis.
How reactions to a brain scan result differ for adults based on self‐identified Black and White race
Authors: Stites Shana D. , Largent Emily A. , Schumann Rosalie , Harkins Kristin , Sankar Pamela , Krieger Abba 
Published: November 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHow do reactions to a brain scan result differ between Black and White adults? The answer may inform efforts to reduce disparities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and treatment.METHODSSelf‐identified Black (n = 1055) and White (n = 1451) adults were randomized to a vignette of a fictional patient at a memory center who was told a brain scan result. Measures of stigma and diagnosis confidence were compared between‐groups.RESULTSBlack participants reported more stigma than White participants on four of seven domains in reaction to the patient at a memory center visit. Black participants’ confidence in an AD diagnosis informed by a brain scan and other assessments was 72.2 points (95% confidence interval [CI] 70.4 to 73.5), which was lower than the respective rating for White participants [78.1 points (95%CI 77.0 to 79.3)].DISCUSSIONEquitable access to early AD diagnosis will require public outreach and education that address AD stigma associated with a memory center visit.
Click to Self‐immolation: A “Click” Functionalization Strategy towards Triggerable Self‐Immolative Homopolymers and Block Copolymers
Authors: Deng Zhengyu , Liang Xiaoli , Gillies Elizabeth R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSelf‐immolative polymers (SIPs) are a class of degradable macromolecules that undergo stimuli‐triggered head‐to‐tail depolymerization. However, a general approach to readily end‐functionalize SIP precursors for programmed degradation remains elusive, restricting access to complex, functional SIP‐based materials. Here we present a “click to self‐immolation” strategy based on aroyl azide‐capped SIP precursors, enabling the facile construction of diverse SIPs with different trigger units through a Curtius rearrangement and alcohol/thiol‐isocyanate “click” reaction. This strategy is also applied to polymer‐polymer coupling to access fully depolymerizable block copolymer amphiphiles, even combining different SIP backbones. Our results demonstrate that the depolymerization can be actuated efficiently under physiologically‐relevant conditions by the removal of the trigger units and ensuing self‐immolation of the p‐aminobenzyl carbonate linkage, indicating promise for controlled release applications involving nanoparticles and hydrogels.
Cable Bacteria Skeletons as Catalytically Active Electrodes
Authors: Digel Leonid , Mierzwa Maciej , Bonné Robin , Zieger Silvia E. , Pavel Ileana‐Alexandra , Ferapontova Elena , Koren Klaus , Boesen Thomas , Harnisch Falk , Marshall Ian P. G. , Nielsen Lars Peter , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCable bacteria are multicellular, filamentous bacteria that use internal conductive fibers to transfer electrons over centimeter distances from donors within anoxic sediment layers to oxygen at the surface. We extracted the fibers and used them as free‐standing bio‐based electrodes to investigate their electrocatalytic behavior. The fibers catalyzed the reversible interconversion of oxygen and water, and an electric current was running through the fibers even when the potential difference was generated solely by a gradient of oxygen concentration. Oxygen reduction as well as oxygen evolution were confirmed by optical measurements. Within living cable bacteria, oxygen reduction by direct electrocatalysis on the fibers and not by membrane‐bound proteins readily explains exceptionally high cell‐specific oxygen consumption rates observed in the oxic zone, while electrocatalytic water oxidation may provide oxygen to cells in the anoxic zone.
A Highly Bright Near‐Infrared Afterglow Luminophore for Activatable Ultrasensitive In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Min , Chen Wan , Zhu Jieli , Xu Weina , Li Qing , Pu Kanyi , Miao Qingqing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAfterglow luminescence imaging probes, with long‐lived emission after cessation of light excitation, have drawn increasing attention in biomedical imaging field owing to their elimination of autofluorescence. However, current afterglow agents always suffer from an unsatisfactory signal intensity and complex systems consisting of multiple ingredients. To address these issues, this study reports a near‐infrared (NIR) afterglow luminophore (TPP‐DO) by chemical conjugation of an afterglow substrate and a photosensitizer acting as both an afterglow initiator and an energy relay unit into a single molecule, resulting in an intramolecular energy transfer process to improve the afterglow brightness. The constructed TPP‐DO NPs emit a strong NIR afterglow luminescence with a signal intensity of up to 108 p/s/cm2/sr at a low concentration of 10 μM and a low irradiation power density of 0.05 W/cm2, which is almost two orders of magnitude higher than most existing organic afterglow probes. The highly bright NIR afterglow luminescence with minimized background from TPP‐DO NPs allows a deep tissue penetration depth ability. Moreover, we develop a GSH‐activatable afterglow probe (Q‐TPP‐DO NPs) for ultrasensitive detection of subcutaneous tumor with the smallest tumor volume of 0.048 mm3, demonstrating the high potential for early diagnosis and imaging‐guided surgical resection of tumors.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Non‐Solvated Dialkylalumanyl Anion and XPS Characterization of Al(I) and Al(II) Species**
Authors: Kurumada Satoshi , Yamanashi Ryotaro , Sugita Kengo , Kubota Koji , Ito Hajime , Ikemoto Satoru , Chen Chaoqi , Moriyama Takumi , Muratsugu Satoshi , Tada Mizuki , Koitaya Takanori , Ozaki Taisuke , Yamashita Makoto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA non‐solvated alkyl‐substituted Al(I) anion dimer was synthesized by a reduction of haloalumane precursor using a mechanochemical method. The crystallographic and theoretical analysis revealed its structure and electronic properties. Experimental XPS analysis of the Al(I) anions with reference compounds revealed the lower Al 2p binding energy corresponds to the lower oxidation state of Al species. It should be emphasized that the experimentally obtained XPS binding energies were reproduced by delta SCF calculations and were linearly correlated with NPA charges and 2p orbital energies.
Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction Using Palladium Catalysts Supported on Phosphine Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica
Authors: Iizuka Kosuke , Maegawa Yoshifumi , Shimoyama Yoshihiro , Sakamoto Kei , Kayakiri Natsuko , Goto Yasutomo , Naganawa Yuki , Tanaka Shinji , Yoshida Masaru , Inagaki Shinji , Nakajima Yumiko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhosphine periodic mesoporous organosilicas (R‐P‐PMO‐TMS: R=Ph, tBu), which possess electron‐donating alkyl substituents on the phosphorus atom, were synthesized using bifunctional compounds with alkoxysilyl‐ and phosphino groups, bis[3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl]phenylphosphine borane (1 a) and bis[3‐(triethoxysilyl)propyl]‐tert‐butylphosphine borane (1 b). Immobilization of Pd(0) species was performed to give R‐P‐Pd‐PMO‐TMS: R=Ph (2 a), tBu (3 a), respectively. The Pd(0) immobilized 2 a and 3 a were applicable as catalysts for Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with phenylboronic acid. It was revealed that 3 a bearing more electron‐donating tBu groups exhibited higher catalytic activity. Various functional groups including both electron withdrawing and donating substituents were compatible in the system. The recyclability of 3 a was examined to support its moderate utility for the recycle use.
Validation of a Cox prognostic model for tooth autotransplantation
Authors: Yoshino Toshiya , Yoshizawa Michiko , Aoyama Shoko , Sugai‐Toyama Toshiko , Niimi Kanae , Kitamura Nobutaka , Kobayashi Tadaharu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to validate our Cox proportional hazards prognostic model for autotransplantation of teeth with complete root formation using prognostic index (PI) and determine whether the prognosis can be predicted.Patients and MethodsThe Protocol group, as a training data set for validation, consisted of 259 autotransplanted teeth to create a PI using the Cox model, as described previously. The Pre‐protocol group, as the first validation data set, consisted of 95 autotransplanted teeth treated without a protocol. The Post‐protocol group, as the second validation data set, consisted of 61 autotransplanted teeth obtained after the establishment of the prognostic model. Because four prognostic factors, including history of root canal treatment (yes), number of roots (multirooted), source of donor tooth (maxillary tooth), and duration of edentulism (≥2.5 months), were selected as a Cox prognostic model, 16 patterns of PI were constructed. First, the autotransplantated teeth in the Protocol group were divided into low‐ and high‐risk groups respectively according to the median of PI as the cutoff value. The survival curves of low‐ and high‐risk groups were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and tested using the log‐rank test. Then, in the Pre‐ and Post‐protocol groups, all transplanted teeth were divided into low‐and high‐risk teeth by the median of PI and the survival curves of low‐ and high‐ risk teeth were analyzed statistically in a similar manner.ResultsThe survival curves of the low‐ and high‐risk groups diverged significantly in the Protocol and Post‐protocol groups. In the Pre‐protocol group, the curves of the low‐ and high‐risk groups were separated, and the low‐risk survival rate was improved.ConclusionsOur Cox prognostic model for autotransplantation of teeth with complete root formation was useful in predicting the prognosis by external validation using PI.
The ecohydrological response to soil moisture based on the distributed hydrological assimilation model in the mountain region
Authors: Li Yibo , Cong Zhentao , Yang Dawen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the mountain region, there is high spatial variability of soil moisture, which limited soil moisture sites may not express. Data assimilation methods can combine the advantages of model simulation and data observation. This study constructs the distribution of soil moisture based on the distributed hydrological assimilation model and explores the ecohydrological response to soil moisture in the mountain region. The relationship between the coefficient of variation and mean soil moisture shows a hysteresis pattern. The terrain conditions where high soil moisture occurs in the study area are an altitude of about 3500 m, a gentle slope, and a shady slope. The low value of soil moisture is characterized by banded aggregation distribution. There is an initial threshold for the contribution of soil moisture to watershed runoff, and the threshold value in the study area of this paper is 0.28 cm3/cm3. The regions with dense vegetation exhibit higher spatial variability in soil moisture. Vegetation plays a heterogeneous role in the spatial variability of soil moisture when precipitation events occur. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of ecohydrological processes by providing regional‐scale data and uncovering the relationships between soil moisture and various ecohydrological factors.
Association between white blood cell‐to‐haemoglobin ratio and 30 day mortality in heart failure in intensive care unit
Authors: Ren Li , Li Zhaoling , Duan Lian , Gao Jialiang , Qi Lianfen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsThe short‐term mortality of heart failure (HF) patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) is reported to be high. This study aims to explore the association between white blood cell‐to‐haemoglobin ratio (WHR) and 30 day mortality from the admission to the ICU.Methods and resultsThis retrospective cohort study was performed based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC‐III) database (2001–12) and MIMIC‐IV database (2008–19). Covariables were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. Based on the optimal cutoff point selected using the survminer package, WHR was divided into high‐ratio group (≥1.6) and low‐ratio group (<1.6). The association between WHR and the risk of 30 day mortality was explored using univariate and multivariable Cox regression models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the prediction performance of WHR. A total of 13 702 patients were included. After adjusting the potential covariates, high WHR was associated with a greater risk of 30 day mortality compared with low WHR [hazard ratio = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.27, P < 0.001]. WHR also showed a good performance for the prediction of risk of 30 day mortality (AUC = 0.751, 95% CI: 0.746–0.756).ConclusionsWHR was positively associated with and performed well to predict 30 day mortality, indicating that WHR may be a reliable index to assess the prognosis of HF patients admitted to the ICU.
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors in acute heart failure: real‐world prescription trends and outcomes analysis
Authors: Mizobuchi Saki , Saito Yuki , Kitano Daisuke , Toyama Kazuto , Miyagawa Masatsugu , Koyama Yutaka , Fujito Hidesato , Kojima Keisuke , Murata Nobuhiro , Fukamachi Daisuke , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsSodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have shown potential therapeutic benefits in heart failure (HF). However, data on their real‐world usage and benefits in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) are limited.Methods and resultsWe conducted a post hoc analysis of real‐world data from 1108 patients with ADHF admitted to Nihon University Itabashi Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) between 2018 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on the prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors during hospitalization: an SGLT2 inhibitor group (SGLT2i group) (n = 289) and a non‐SGLT2i group (n = 819). The primary endpoints were death and rehospitalization for HF after discharge. The median age was 76 [interquartile range (IQR): 66, 83] years, and 732 patients (66%) were male. Data showed an increasing trend in the prescription of SGLT2 inhibitors since 2021. During a median follow‐up period of 366 days (IQR: 116, 614), 458 (41.3%) patients reached the primary endpoint. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the SGLT2i group had a significantly lower rate of composite events than the non‐SGLT2i group, both overall (log‐rank test, P < 0.001) and in the following left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) subgroups: HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF) (n = 413), HF with mildly reduced EF (n = 226), and HF with preserved EF (n = 466) (log‐rank test; P = 0.044, P = 0.013, and P = 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, patients starting SGLT2 inhibitors during hospitalization had a significantly lower rate of composite events than those not using SGLT2 inhibitors (log‐rank test, P < 0.001). This association was also significant in the LVEF subgroups (P = 0.005, P = 0.032, and P = 0.004, respectively).ConclusionsThe prescription and initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors during hospitalization are associated with improved post‐discharge outcomes in patients with ADHF, irrespective of LVEF.