bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic analysis of fundamental solutions of hypoelliptic operators
Authors: Chkadua George , Shargorodsky Eugene 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Asymptotic behavior at infinity is investigated for fundamental solutions of a hypoelliptic partial differential operator

𝐏
⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

=

(

P
1

⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

)

m
1

⁢
⋯
⁢

(

P
l

⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

)

m
l

\mathbf{P}(i\partial_{x})=(P_{1}(i\partial_{x}))^{m_{1}}\cdots(P_{l}(i\partial%
_{x}))^{m_{l}}

with the characteristic polynomial that has real multiple zeros. Based on asymptotic expansions of fundamental solutions, asymptotic classes of functions are introduced and existence and uniqueness of solutions in those classes are established for the equation

𝐏
⁢

(

i
⁢

∂
x

)

⁢
u

=
f

{\mathbf{P}(i\partial_{x})u=f}

in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

. The obtained results imply, in particular, a new uniqueness theorem for the classical Helmholtz equation.
Complete rectal prolapse presenting with colorectal cancer
Authors: Perrakis Aristoteles , Meyer Frank , Scheidbach Hubert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Rectal prolapse is defined as prolapse of all layers of rectal wallout of the anal sphincter. The aim was to (i) describe the extremely rare combination of a rectal prolapse with colon cancer in an older female patient, (ii) comment on management-specific aspects and (iii) derive some generalizing recommendations by means of a scientific case report and based on the case-specific experiences related to the clinical management and current references from the medical literature.

Case presentation
A 69-year old female patient with cancer of the sigmoid colon at a manifest rectal prolapse was diagnosed. Literature search (using the data bank of “PubMed”) resulted in only six patients (the majority of them were females) with the coincidence of rectal prolapse and rectal or colon cancer have been reported so far.

Conclusions
A patient with a manifest rectal prolapse needs always to undergo colonoscopy and – in case of an ulcer – histological investigation of representative biopsies.
A comparative study on the overlapping effects of clinically applicable therapeutic interventions in patients with central nervous system damage
Authors: Lee Jung-Ho , Lee Dae-Hwan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anti-gravity treadmill (AGT) training, which provides visual feedback and Biorescue training on proprioception, muscle strength, balance, and gait, in stroke patients. A total of 45 people diagnosed with post-stroke were included as study subjects; they were randomized to an AGT training group provided with visual feedback (Group A), a Biorescue training group provided with visual feedback (Group B), and an AGT/Biorescue group that subsequently received AGT training and Biorescue training (Group C). A muscle strength-measuring device was used to evaluate muscle strength. Timed Up and Go and Bug Balance Scale assessment sheets were used to evaluate balance ability. Dartfish software was used to evaluate gait ability. The results of the study showed that Groups A and C had a significant increase in muscle strength compared with Group B; in terms of balance and gait abilities, Group C showed a significant increase in balance ability and gait speed and a significant change in knee joint angle compared with Groups A and B. In conclusion, this study suggests that including a method that applies multiple therapeutic interventions is desirable in the rehabilitation of stroke patients to improve their independence.
Analysis of magnetized micropolar fluid subjected to generalized heat-mass transfer theories
Authors: Li Yijie , Anwar Muhammad Imran , Katbar Nek Muhammad , Prakash M. , Saqlain Muhammad , Waqas Muhammad , Wahab Abdul , Jamshed Wasim , Eid Mohamed R. , Hassan Ahmed M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, the steady 2D flow of micropolar fluid via a vertical surface is taken into account. The magnetohydrodynamics applied normally to the flow direction at a vertical surface in the presence of temperature-dependent attributes. The effect of the chemical reaction under the generalized Fourier–Fick law is considered to investigate the heat transference rate at the vertical sheet. Under the flow assumptions, the boundary layer approximations were applied to the nonlinear differential equations and partial differential equations were obtained. The use of similarity modifications allows for a reduction in the number of partial differential equations. The resulting ordinary differential equations are then resolved numerically using a technique known as the homotopy analysis method. The results reveal that microparticle suspensions have a significant impact on the flowing domain when varied fluid characteristics are utilized. The effect of potential factors on flow, micro-rotation velocities, temperature, drag force factor, and heat transport rate is investigated. The obtained results show that the velocity profile and micropolar function increase for larger values of micropolar parameters. Drag force effects are also seen, and required outcomes are observed to be in outstanding accord with the available literature. Significant results of this work were toward the velocity function, which gets reduced with increasing magnetic field parameter values, but the velocity function enhances for higher values of

β

\beta

and

λ

\lambda

. On temperature distribution, it decreased for higher values of

ϵ

1

{{\epsilon }}_{1}

and temperature profile declines due to higher values of

Pr

\text{Pr}

,

γ

2

{\gamma }_{2}

and

γ

1

{\gamma }_{1}

or both cases of

δ
>
0

\delta \gt 0

and

δ
<
0

\delta \lt 0

. The higher values of

Sc

\text{Sc}

resist declining the temperature function at the surface.
Reciprocal Connections between Parvalbumin-Expressing Cells and Adjacent Pyramidal Cells Are Regulated by Clustered Protocadherin γ
Authors: Kawamura Nanami , Osuka Tomoki , Kaneko Ryosuke , Kishi Eri , Higuchi Ryuon , Yoshimura Yumiko , Hirabayashi Takahiro , Yagi Takeshi , Tarusawa Etsuko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFunctional neural circuits in the cerebral cortex are established through specific neural connections between excitatory and various inhibitory cell types. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic partner recognition remain unclear. In this study, we examined the impact of clustered protocadherin-γ (cPcdhγ) gene deletion in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) cells on intralaminar and translaminar neural circuits formed between PV+and pyramidal (Pyr) cells in the primary visual cortex (V1) of male and female mice. First, we used whole-cell recordings and laser-scan photostimulation with caged glutamate to map excitatory inputs from layer 2/3 to layer 6. We found thatcPcdhγ-deficient PV+cells in layer 2/3 received normal translaminar inputs from Pyr cells through layers 2/3–6. Second, to further elucidate the effect on PV+-Pyr microcircuits within intralaminar layer 2/3, we conducted multiple whole-cell recordings. While the overall connection probability of PV+-Pyr cells remained largely unchanged, the connectivity of PV+-Pyr was significantly different between control and PV+-specificcPcdhγ-conditional knock-out (PV-cKO) mice. In control mice, the number of reciprocally connected PV+cells was significantly higher than PV+cells connected one way to Pyr cells, a difference that was not significant inPV-cKOmice. Interestingly, the proportion of highly reciprocally connected PV+cells to Pyr cells with large unitary IPSC (uIPSC) amplitudes was reduced inPV-cKOmice. Conversely, the proportion of middle reciprocally connected PV+cells to Pyr cells with large uIPSC amplitudes increased compared with control mice. This study demonstrated thatcPcdhγin PV+cells modulates their reciprocity with Pyr cells in the cortex.
A Seismogenic Slab Source Model for Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Thingbaijam Kiran Kumar Singh , Gerstenberger Matt C. , Rollins Chris , Van Dissen Russ J. , Rastin Sepideh J. , Christophersen Annemarie , Ristau John , Williams Charles A. , Fitzenz Delphine D. , Pagani Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Intraslab seismicity within the Hikurangi and Puysegur subduction zones constitutes &gt;50% of recorded (Mw≥4.0 events) earthquakes in Aotearoa New Zealand. Here, we develop a source model for intraslab seismicity using recently augmented datasets including models of subduction interface geometries, an earthquake catalog, and a regional moment tensor catalog. For the areal zones of uniform seismicity, we consider the whole of each slab, as well as demarcations between shallower (depth ≤40 km) and deeper regions. Thereafter, we evaluate the magnitude–frequency distributions in each zone. To compute smoothed seismicity distributions, we apply a novel quasi-3D approach that involve: (1) delineation of midslab surfaces (defined by regions of maximum earthquake density), (2) orthogonal projections of hypocenters onto the midslab profiles, (3) uniform gridding of 0.1° down-dip on the midslab, and (4) application of smoothing kernel on the projected hypocenters. We also develop a model to characterize the focal mechanisms of the intraslab earthquakes using the regional moment tensor catalog. This model has median strike angles subparallel to subduction trenches and median dip angles ≥60° in both the subduction zones. The distribution of rake angles suggests that the Hikurangi slab has an extensional regime in the shallower parts but a compressional regime in the deeper parts, indicative of slab flexure. In contrast, the Puysegur slab predominantly exhibits a compressional regime.
Rare Bipolaris Species Fungal Periprosthetic Hip Infection in an Immunocompetent Host
Authors: Tummala Sailesh V. , Lin Eugenia , Mujahed Tala , Beauchamp Christopher P. , Blair Janis E. , Goulding Krista A. 
Published: October 2023

Case:
We present a case report of a 64-year-old man who developed a rare Bipolaris species fungal periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after revision arthroplasty for complications associated with a metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty. The patient underwent a 2-stage debridement with antibiotic bead placement and implant retention, along with chronic antifungal suppression. At the 2-year follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic.

Conclusion:
Fungal PJI with filamentous fungi such as Bipolaris species is a rare clinical entity. This case report highlights the clinical presentation and management of this rare condition.
Valorisation of prawn carapace waste by Exiguobacterium sp GM010 for pilot scale pigment production and its safety efficacy in Wistar rats
Authors: Mekalaa Krishna Prashanth , Peddha Muthukumar , DHALE MOHAN 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Utilisation of prawn carapace hydrolysate by Exiguobacterium sp GM010 for the growth and bioactive pigment production as fermentative substrate. To produce the pigment in pilot scale, the culture conditions were optimized and safety efficacy studies of the pigment were evaluated for commercial application in food and nutraceutical industries.
Methods
Exiguobacterium sp GM010 was grown in prawn carapace (biowaste) hydrolysate as fermentative substrate in a 10L medium using a 15L capacity fermentor. Based on our previous studies, fermentation parameters were set (pH 8.0, 30˚C, five days) by varying the aeration (0.5 to 3.0L min− 1). The pigment produced was quantitatively and qualitatively analysed in comparison with pigment produced in lab scale fermentation. Both acute (OECD 423) and sub-acute (OECD 427) toxicity studies were performed to determine its safety efficacy.
Results
The biomass and pigment extract yield were 28.76 ± 1.78 and 0.82 ± 0.04 g/L, respectively, at 1.5 L of aeration and higher than other aeration concentrations. The UV-visible spectrum of pigment extract revealed the absorption peak at 357, 466, and 491nm. The colour distribution of pigment was in the yellowish-orange region of the CIE Lab spectrum. Similar qualitative and quantitative pigment characteristics were observed in the fermentor and flask. The acute and sub-acute toxicity of the pigment extract confirmed no significant changes in feed intake, body weight (bw) gain and relative vital organ weight in Wistar rats. Similarly, no significant changes in biochemical and haematological parameters at 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg− 1 bw confirmed no sign of toxicity. Histopathological examination of all the vital organs was regular. Serum biochemistry results of the treated and control groups have shown insignificant changes.
Conclusion
Prawn carapace hydrolysate can be valorised on a pilot scale to produce Exiguobacterium sp GM010 pigment. Further, the pigments so produced were found to be non-toxic to Wistar rats, indicating its potential use as food additives and nutraceuticals.
Interaction-aware 3D Molecular Generative Framework for Generalizable Structure-based Drug Design
Authors: Kim Woo Youn , Zhung Wonho , Kim Hyeongwoo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Deep generative modeling has a strong potential to accelerate drug design. However, existing generative models often face challenges in generalization due to limited data, leading to less innovative designs and unfavorable interactions with target proteins. To address these issues, we propose an interaction-aware 3D molecular generative framework with its conditional generative model named DeepICL. By leveraging the universal nature of protein-ligand interactions, our model can achieve a generalizable structure-based drug design even with a small experimental dataset. Our framework's generalization ability is comprehensively assessed by analyzing generated ligands for unseen targets in terms of binding pose stability, affinity, geometric patterns, diversity, and novelty. The successful design of mutant-selective inhibitors further manifests the impact of our interaction-aware conditional generation approach in real-world applications.
Environmental Impact Assessment of Steel Reinforcing Bar Manufacturing Process from Scrap Materials by applying Life Cycle Assessment Method: A Case Study on the Ethiopian Metal Industries
Authors: Fente Tefera Eniyew , Tsegaw Assefa Asmare 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A clear understanding of the major environmental impacts of steelmaking from scraps, as well as potential solutions involving a circular economy paradigm, is essential. This study is conducted to pave the way for using life cycle assessment (LCA) to have sustainable development and effective resource management by evaluating the environmental impacts of the steel rebar manufacturing process using secondary resources. This is a cradle-to-gate LCA that includes scrap collection and sorting, transportation, melting, continuous casting, billet reheating, and reinforcing bar rolling. Inventory data is acquired as primary data from the factory and secondary data from the SIMAPRO-integrated eco-event database. All of the analyses in this LCA were conducted using the Recipe midpoint and endpoint impact assessment techniques taking one-ton reinforcing bar production as reference flow. The global warming potential created during the manufacturing process is recorded as 467 kgCO2 eq in the environmental impact report. By moving hot billet directly to the rolling mill and using an efficient transportation system, the environmental impact of global warming potential can be reduced nearly 50%.
Twenty-six years of phytoplankton pigments reveal a circumpolar Class Divide around the Southern Ocean
Authors: Hayward Alexander , Pinkerton Matt , Wright Simon , Gutierrez-Rodriguez Andres , Law Cliff 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Regional taxonomic variation of phytoplankton communities in the Southern Ocean remains largely uncharacterised despite the distinct trophic and biogeochemical roles of different taxa in anthropogenic carbon uptake, biogeochemical processes, and the support of fisheries. We analysed 26 years of pigment data (14,824 publicly available samples between 32°S and the Antarctic coast) from over 50 oceanographic voyages (1996 – 2022), using the phytoclass software, representing the largest analysis of Southern Ocean phytoplankton pigments to date. The analysis showed that the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) separates phytoplankton communities between diatom and haptophyte domination, confirming a biological analogue to the recognised Biogeochemical Divide in regional carbon dioxide flux and global export production. Furthermore¸ community composition was remarkably similar south of the APF despite significant spatial variation in biomass. These insights into the geospatial distribution of phytoplankton community composition will improve modelling and projection of future change in ecosystems, carbon and nutrient dynamics in the Southern Ocean.
Comparison of the effect of dexmedetomidine intrathecal injection and intravenous infusion on subarachnoid blockade during knee arthroscopy procedures
Authors: Liu Shujiao , Sun Yaorui , Wang Yewen , Sun Chao , Zhang Quanyi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Comparison of whether intrathecal dexmedetomidine prolongs spinal anesthesia-associated sensorimotor blockade more than intravenous infusion during knee arthroscopy procedures performed under subarachnoid block.
Methods: Ninety patients aged 18-75 years, ASA class I-II, who underwent knee arthroscopy between October 2022 and April 2023 were randomized into intrathecal、intravenous and control groups.Subjects received three modes of administration: an intrathecal group (2ml of 1% ropivacaine + 5μg of dexmedetomidine，with saline pumped intravenously at a dose of 0.5μg/kg/h), an intravenous group (intrathecal 2ml of 1% ropivacaine +1ml of 0.9% saline, with dexmedetomidine pumped intravenously at a dose of 0.5μg/kg/h), and a control group (intrathecal 2ml of 1% ropivacaine + 1ml of 0.9% saline, with saline pumped intravenously at a dose of 0.5μg/kg/h). Total analgesic duration, duration of sensory and motor blockade, Ramsay sedation score, Visual Analogue Score (VAS) at different postoperative time points, and occurrence of adverse effects were recorded.
Results：The total analgesia duration was significantly longer in the intrathecal group than in the intravenous and control groups (352.13±51.70min VS 273.47±62.57min VS 241.41±59.22min，P<0.001).The duration of sensory block was shorter in the intrathecal group than in the intravenous and control groups (4 [3-4]min VS 5 [4-5]min VS 5 [4-5]min；P<0.001);the duration of motor block was shorter in the intrathecal group than in the intravenous group and the control group (5 [4-5]min VS 5 [5-6]min VS 6[5.5-7]min；P<0.001).Sedation scores were higher in the intravenous group than in the intrathecal and control groups (P < 0.001). At 5 hours postoperatively, the VAS score in the intrathecal group was smaller than that in the intravenous and control groups (P<0.001). At 24 hours postoperatively, the VAS score in the intrathecal group was smaller than that in the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, the incidence of bradycardia was significantly higher in the intravenous group than in the intrathecal and control groups (30%, 6.5%, and 3.4%, respectively; P=0.018，P=0.007).
Conclusions：Intrathecal administration of dexmedetomidine did prolong the total analgesia duration, as well as accelerate the onset of sensory-motor blockade compared with intravenous pumping, and did not result in any hemodynamic instability or other adverse events at the doses studied.
Trial registration:This single-center, prospective, RCT has completed the registration of the Chinese Clinical Trial Center at 26/09/2023 with the registration number ChiCTR2300076170.
Interface states of metal‒oxide‒semiconductor devices based on aligned carbon nanotube arrays
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Liu Yifan , Ding Sujuan , Li Weili , Zhang Zirui , Pan Zipeng , Ze Yumeng , Gao Bing , Zhang Yanning , Jin Chuanhong , Peng Lian-Mao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A deep understanding of the interface states in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures is the premise of improving the gate stack quality, which sets the foundation for building field-effect transistors (FETs) with high performance and high reliability. Although MOSFETs built on aligned semiconducting carbon nanotube (A-CNT) arrays have been considered ideal energy-efficient successors to commercial silicon (Si) transistors, research on the interface states of A-CNT MOS devices, let alone their optimization, is lacking. Here, we fabricate MOS capacitors based on an A-CNT array with a well-designed layout and accurately measure the capacitance-voltage and conductance-voltage (C-V and G-V) data. Then, the gate electrostatics and the physical origins of interface states are systematically analysed and revealed. In particular, targeted improvement of gate dielectric growth in the A-CNT MOS device contributes to suppressing the interface state density (Dit) to 6.1 × 1011 cm-2eV-1, which is a record for CNT- or low-dimensional semiconductors-based MOSFETs, boosting a record transconductance (gm) of 2.42 mS/μm and an on-off ratio of 105. Further decreasing Dit below 1×1011 cm-2eV-1 is necessary for A-CNT MOSFETs to achieve the expected high energy efficiency and high reliability.
GPATCH11 variants cause mis-splicing and early-onset retinal dystrophy with neurological impairment
Authors: Perrault Isabelle , Zanetti Andrea , Fares-Taie Lucas , Amiel Jeanne , Roger Jerome , Audo Isabelle , Robert Matthieu , David Pierre , Jung Vincent , GOUDIN Nicolas , Guerrera Ida , Moriceau Stéphanie , Amana Danielle , Boddaert Nathalie , Briault Sylvain , Bruel Ange-Line , Gitiaux Cyril , Kaminska Karolina , Philip-Sarles Nicole , Quinodoz Mathieu , Santos Christina , Santos Luisa Coutinho , Sigaudy Sabine , Sá Mariana Soeiro e , Sousa Ana Berta , Thauvin Christel , Kaplan Josseline , Rivolta Carlo , Rozet Jean-Michel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Spliceosome and ciliary dysfunctions can lead to remarkably similar clinical syndromes. Studying ten individuals with retinal dystrophy, neurological involvement, and skeletal abnormalities, suggestive of both spliceosomopathies and ciliopathies, we involved GPATCH11, a lesser-known GPATCH-domain-containing regulators of RNA metabolism. To elucidate GPATCH11 function, we employed fibroblasts from unaffected individuals and patients carrying a recurring mutation specifically removing the main part of the GPATCH-domain while preserving other domains. Additionally, we generated a mouse model replicating the patient's genetic defect, exhibiting behavioural abnormalities and retinal dystrophy. Our findings revealed GPATCH11 unique subcellular localization, marked as foci staining pattern and a diffuse presence in the nucleoplasm, alongside its centrosomal localization, indicating roles in RNA and cilia metabolism. We show dysregulation of U4 snRNA in patient cells and dysregulation in both gene expression and spliceosome activity within the mutant mouse retina, impacting key processes such as photoreceptor light responses, RNA regulation, and primary cilia-associated metabolism. These results highlight GPATCH11 roles in RNA metabolism, spliceosome regulation, and potential ciliary involvement. They underscore its significance in maintaining proper gene expression, contributing to retinal, neurological, and skeletal functions. Our research also demonstrates how studying rare genetic disorders can reveal broader gene functions, providing insights into GPATCH11 multifaceted roles.