bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fearful Cemetery
Authors: Wood Michael 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Family plot. The double meaning in the title of Alfred Hitchcock’s last completed film (1976) seems too obvious at first. The conspiracy and the cemetery. The family plot, like the paths of glory, leads but to the family plot. Isn’t this where all paths lead in Hitchcock? And wasn’t the old gentleman a little tired? “I think of Family Plot as a curtain-call,” William Rothman says in The Murderous Gaze,’ “light, assured, intended for pleasure ... a medium’s intimate salute to a medium.” Slavoj Zizek, dividing Hitchcock’s films into five periods, sees “isolated touches of brilliance” in the last group and mentions “the use of parallel narration in Family Plot” but generally regards the late films as “post”-everything, including the postmodernism of the previous period, that of “the big films of the 1950s and early t 960s.” What’s striking here is the critical plot of lateness, the acceptance.
Introduction
Authors: Sachedina Abdulaziz Abdulhussein 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the study of Shi’ite history two doctrines have played an important part in producing a coherent body of political and legal jurisprudence-namely, the justice of God (al-’adl) and the leadership of righteous individuals (al-imiima) to uphold and promulgate the rule of justice and equity. In the highly politicized world of early Islam, numerous ideas and conceptions about God’s purpose on earth and leadership of human society floated freely. The swift conquest of vast territories and the on going process of supervising the conquests and administering the affairs of the conquered peoples demanded not only strong and astute leadership, but also the creation of a system that would provide stability and prosperity. Central to this social, political, and economic activity was the promise of Islamic revelation: the creation of a just and equitable public order embodying the will of God.
The Imamite Jurists, Leaders of the imamiyya
Authors: Sachedina Abdulaziz Abdulhussein 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The end of manifest Imamate with the twelfth Imam in the year A.D. 874 marked a new phase in the religious as well as social history of the Twelver Shn: community. The concealment of the last Imam necessitated the assumption of the leadership of the community by the prominent followers of the school, who, in addition, were the repositories of Imamite learning. Thus, there were two factors that decided the question of leadership among the Imamiyya during the occultation: first, “sound belief” (imiin sahih)-that is, upholding the Imamate of the twelve Imamite Imams; and, secondly “sound knowledge” (‘ilm sahih)-that is, the learning acquired from the ah/ al-bayt, the Imams. As seen in the previous chapter, even in the case of the early associates during the lifetime of the Imams, before the occultation both these factors had been held to be determinants of the rijiil in representing the Imams among their adherents.
Introduction To Roman Catholic Perspectives On Sexual Orientation, Human Rights, And Public Policy
Authors: Twiss Sumner B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As with the other religious traditions represented in this volume, the Roman Catholic tradition and community incorporate a variety of views on same-sex behavior and relationships. Unlike those other traditions, however, the moral teachings of the Catholic Church hierarchy are presumed to be normative for all Catholics, laypersons and theologians alike. This is not to say that moral theologians do not dissent from the hierarchy’s official teachings, for they do dissent even in the face of possible official censure. In the case of same-sex behavior, the hierarchy promulgates the teaching that although homosexual orientation is not itself morally evil, all such behavior is morally wrong and to be avoided (e.g., by abstinence or celibacy).1 Although this position is defended by many moral theologians, others dissent from it, maintaining that even while heterosexual marriage is normative for all sexual acts and relationships, nonetheless committed same-sex relationships can be seen variously (for example, as morally preferable to other homosexual behavior that is more wrong; or as not morally wrong when considering that the entire relationship is oriented to permanent mutual love; or even as morally good [though still short of the heterosexual ideal]).2 These moral positions are often correlated with public policy positions on, for example, the legal recognition of same-sex domestic partnerships, ranging from strong opposition to such recognition (the official view) to varying degrees of support for legal recognition (dissenting views).
Sexual Orientation And Human Rights: A Roman Catholic View
Authors: Hanigan James P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Roman Catholic community has a long and complex tradition of thought in regard to sexual morality.1 The Bible, the primary narrative and fundamental normative source for the church’s own self-understanding, as well as for its comprehension of the larger society, has considerable material for reflection and appropriation on the subject of human sexual behavior. The church’s saints, its theologians, its pastors and official teachers, as well as its members, have continued over the many years of the church’s life to reflect upon the meaning and value of human sexuality in light of both the community’s ongoing engagement with the biblical witness and new knowledge about the human person and the changing social conditions in which people live out their sexual desires and relationships.
The Christian World’s Reaction From the Communist Manifesto to the Cold War
Authors: Janz Denis R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The encounter with Marx changed the face of world Christianity. A century after his death, this was obvious to almost everyone. But the process of acquiring these new features was long, slow, complex, and painful. The story of how this happened in different national contexts is told in subsequent chapters. Here my concern is to introduce this development by sketching the responses of international Christian leaders and thinkers from the mid-nineteenth-century publication of Marx’s and Engels’s Communist Manifesto to the mid-twentieth-century onset of the cold war. Of course, nothing more than an outline of this century-long debate can be offered in this chapter.
The United States
Authors: Janz Denis R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At first glance, it may seem that no serious encounter between Marxism and Christianity ever took place in America. After all, the United States has been and remains perhaps one of the most deeply “religious” societies in the first world, and Marxism in its political manifestations has never gained a foothold worth speaking about: Marxist parties have always been a pathetically weak if not negligible element in American political life. Nevertheless, Marxism as an ideology and as a political movement has been present in America in one form or another for a century now, and its presence has made a difference for Christianity. The story of the fate of Karl Marx in Christian America is in fact far too large and complex to be told here in all its fullness. What follows, then, is in the nature of an outline, focusing on major trends and decisive moments, and thereby providing orientation for further study.
Cuba
Authors: Janz Denis R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For many in the First World, studying the recent history of Cuba can be an unsettling experience. This is no doubt because it presents a challenge to deeply held values and beliefs. For instance, it is a singularly galling fact to many Americans that communist Cuba, at least until 1990, had produced the highest standard of living in Latin America. To make matters worse, this was achieved without American help and was in fact fueled by anti-American rhetoric. No wonder, then, that something that so profoundly contradicted the American self-estimate had to be either ignored or explained away in the popular media. No wonder that one administration after another had to demonize Cuba as a hellhole of repression and human misery. Especially now, in the post-cold war period, Cuba remains as an irritating burr beneath the saddle of First World triumphalism.
Conclusion
Authors: Janz Denis R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The collision of worldviews that has been documented in this book may well be the defining event of twentieth-century Christianity. Its ramifications are so broad that it is difficult to think of any Christian whose life has not been touched by it, directly or indirectly. Yet there are some who now say that it is essentially over. Francis Fukuyama, for instance, holds that Western liberal democratic values have decisively triumphed over Marxism. Apart from a few “mopping-up” operations, the encounter with Marxism is a closed chapter in world history.’ Others, such as George Weigel, contend that it was specifically Christian values that led to Marxism’s defeat in “the final revolution.” Marxism now exits the world-historical stage, to be remembered only as an utterly irrelevant relic of one of humanity’s great mistakes. World Christianity has spoken its final, definitive, absolute no to Marxism.
Critical Text and Apparatuses
Authors: Hendel Ronald S 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The first systematic attempt to construct a textual history of the Hebrew Bible, that of J. G. Eichhorn, states the nature of the task succinctly: A complete history of the Hebrew text would enumerate, with reference to causes and consequences, all the essential and accidental changes, whether for good or evil, which it has undergone in the process of thousands of years and in its passage through men’s hands, from the time of its first composition down to the latest periods. (1888: 114 = German 3d ed., 1803) If a textual history maps “all the essential and accidental changes” through time, then what we require first is a collection and analysis of the secondary readings. In this formulation, textual history is (to oversimplify only slightly) a history of error. Modern methods for constructing textual histories have refined this view but generally affirm the significance of textual error in historical inquiry. In this area, “error” is used as a shorthand for “readings of secondary origin,” including intentional changes as well as accidental (West 1973: 32). One difference between the procedures of textual history (historia textus) and textual criticism per se (critica textus) is that in the former errors are of primary importance and in the latter they are to be removed (see Chiesa 1992a: 264-67).
Complex Identities and Local Rituals
Authors: Huber Toni 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this and the final chapter, I will consider the lives of the local populations that were permanently settled around Pure Crystal Mountain during the middle of this century. My primary concern is to outline and discuss ways local lives were influenced by residence at a cult mountain site that was of pan-Tibetan ritual importance, as well as how the residents played a role in the maintenance of the mountain ’s traditions. Here I will begin by analyzing the construction of various local identities and will consider some of the community rituals that were related to both the mountain and the Tsariwa themselves. Certain annual community ceremonies will be shown to form important linkages between the Tantric cult, local mountain worship, and the interests of the state. In chapter 11, I give a short account of Tibetan social organization, human ecology and economy, and administration in the Tsari communities, and investigate the vicissitudes of everyday life relative to the particular status of the area as a sacred sanctuary, its many pilgrim visitors, and its borderland location.
Culture, Nature, and Economy around a Holy Mountain
Authors: Huber Toni 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The mountain around which the Short Pilgrimage ran was an 18,000 ‘ peak called Takpa Shiri. Its choice as a holy place seemed to me an excellent example of human economy. If it had remained profane, life would have been on a far lower level. Sanctification was the greatest asset it possessed.
Introduction
Authors: Bennion Janet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This book is a study of women who convert to the Apostolic United Brethren (the “ Allreds” ),1 a highly rigid, patriarchal Mormon polygynous community in the Intermountain West. The fundamental questions addressed here are (1) Why are women attracted to male-dominated Mormon schism groups? (2) What do they find there once baptized? and (3) Do men and women have different experiences in their progression toward a satisfied, stable life in the group? This description of polygynous lifestyles extends the scant literature on contemporary Mormon fundamentalism (Altman and Ginat 1996; Bennion 1996; Embry 1987; Van Wagoner 1986; Jankowiak and Allen 1995; Logue 1984), particularly on the role and status of women in North American polygynous societies (Bradley 1990; Cannon [now Bennion] 1990, Bennion 1996). It clarifies the process of female conversion and integration by providing a coherent model of strategies women employ to obtain their ultimate goals. Through analysis of gender-marked conversion and integration in the Allred group, this book also provides relevant comparative ethnographic material for studies on the experiences of fundamen talist women cross-culturally and could be a valuable addition to other seminal studies of patriarchy and female status (Brink 1993; Cannon 1990; Friedl 1993; Sered 1994). Most important, this study of female experience in Mormon polygyny provides one case for the assumption that women are seeking alternative forms of family life in response to socioeconomic hardship in the mainstream.
Living Arrangements and Individuality
Authors: Bennion Janet 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Women work with each other to accommodate their living needs and are ingenious at creating a home for their children out of the humblest materials. This chapter describes women who built homes and living arrange ments in the face of extremely cramped surroundings and scant materials. The patterns here show that women access communal goods and rely heavily on the ‘‘sisterhood’’ for comfortable living. The following stories show a variety of home-making techniques, most of which require women to scrounge for supplies and force them to deal with another wife’s idiosyncracies. In these cases, the true art of sharing is learned. When a need arises, an item or service is provided. When a woman receives another wife into her home, she sacrifices her space, her privacy, and her material goods. Likewise, when a new wife comes into a new family, she must share her wealth and private space with her husband’s other wives. Harker women say this is one of the most difficult but rewarding aspects of the Principle.
John Saddington
Authors: Underwood T L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Articles of True Faith Depending upon the Commission of the Spirit Drawne up into XLVIII heads by John Saddington an Ancient Beleiver for the benefit of other Beleivers, that now are, or hereafter shall come to beleive And to confound and disprove All Despisers that say wee know not what wee Believe. Anno M.DC.LXXV. Here I have Written the Articles of my Faith which will witnesse to be true, with the death of my soule if it be required of me. Therefore, let not the words of any Canaanitish Devill Prophane Esau Scoffeing Ishmael or Railing Rabshoceh be credited. When they Vilifie & Belye the Beleivers of the Witnesses of the Spirit in saying they do owne neither God nor Devill or when they cast any other Scandalous Reproaches contrary to Truth upon us that truly know God.
Letters
Authors: Underwood T L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
It seems very strange to me That you with the rest of former Friends, make no Enquiry atte me whether I am dead or alive. What, Have the unnecessary things and Cares of this World Swallowed up your former Love to the Truth? Though I am moved in this manner to write unto you, I trust you have not so learned Christ. Friend, The Reason of my not sending unto you this Long Season, is this, because my Wife and I were both very Sicke and Weake, of which Sicknesse the 29th of March last my Wife died. Immediately after I had buried my Wife, the Lord our God called me to visit some of his people living neare the Citty of Cambridge as he once called me to visitt you. Yea it was in the very same manner for one of the Chiefe Speakers of the Ranters being convinced by this Truth who formerly had deceived them, took a parcell of my bookes and presented them to them, upon which they greatly desired me as you formerly did.
Introduction
Authors: Miller Randall M , Stout Harry S , Wilson Charles Reagan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The essays in this collection originated at a conference on Religion and the Civil War held at Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary in October 1994. The question before the participants can be simply stated: What, if anything, did religion have to do with the Civil War? In organizing the conference, we recognized that, like the social history of the Civil War, the religious history of the war has yet to be written.
Religion and the American Civil War
Authors: Paludan Phillip Shaw 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This volume gathers experts on many aspects of the very large subject of religion and the American Civil War. What I will provide comes from being a generalist, and every generalist is at the mercy of specialists. Yet in our best moments, generalists and specialists both recognize that they benefit from the perspective of the other, that understanding of the past proceeds through conversation far more than through the victory of one perspective over another. To that extent we are all at each other ‘s mercy, each dependent on the other so that the conversation can endure. I offer as my contribution to the conversation a story about what happened to Christianity, and essentially Protestant Christianity, in the Civil War era. While telling that story, I will pose some questions that I find intriguing about the era that may be worth considering both here and in the future.
Lincoln ‘s Sermon on the Mount The Second Inaugural
Authors: White Ronald C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Abraham Lincoln ‘s death more words have been wasted on the question of his religion than any other aspect of his life.” So wrote Richard N. Current in 1945.1 Current delivered this verdict as the study of Abraham Lincoln was finally assuming its place in the professional discipline of history, and judging by the scholarship over the past fifty years, his criticism might hold today. But such a judgment about what others have said about Lincoln ‘s religion should not distract attention from what Lincoln actually said about religion and the ways religious values and images informed his ideas about the character of the Union.
Days of Judgment, Days of Wrath: The Civil War and the Religious Imagination of Women Writers
Authors: Fox-Genovese Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Just as war tests the spirit of combatants, so does it test the imagination of civilians, especially women, who live intimately with its terrors and deprivations. For them, as much as for combatants themselves, war notoriously shatters the assumptions and practices of everyday life, thrusting those who experience its fury into a maelstrom for which their previous lives have not prepared them. The magnitude and rapidity of the changes promote the sense of a world turned upside down. Monumental disruptions of the unremarkable flow of everyday life lend even the most ordinary events an aura of significance. Suddenly, that which always had been taken for granted is called into question. Habits become challenges, and instinctive attitudes and beliefs fall open to scrutiny and doubt.
Introduction
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Myth comes via mythos from the Greek root µv (mu) meaning to make a sound with the mouth and is thus basic to human existence as we know it: “In the beginning was the Word.” To the orthodox believer what we call myth is the word of God-the metaphorical, symbolical, or direct expression of the “unknown”: “and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.”
Dughda and Zoroaster (Zarathushtra)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mother, Dughda, dreams, in the sixth month of her pregnancy, that the wicked and the good spirits are fighting for the embryonic Zoroaster; a monster tears the future Zoroaster from the mother’s womb; but a light god fights the monster with his horn of light, re-encloses the embryo in the mother’s womb, blows upon Dughda, and she becomes pregnant again. On awakening, she hurries in her fear to a wise dream interpreter, who is unable to explain the wonderful dream before the end of three days.
Kutoyis
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Long ago, down where Two Medicine and Badger Creeks come together, there lived an old man. He had but one wife and two daughters. One day there came to his camp a young man who was very brave and a great hunter. The old man said: “Ah! I will have this young man to help me. will give him my daughters for wives.” So he gave him his daughters. He also gave this son-in-law all his wealth, keeping for himself only a little lodge, in which he lived with his old wife. The son-in-law lived in a lodge that was big and fine.
Persephone (Proserpina) and Dionysos (Dionysus)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Demeter came from Crete to Sicily, where, near the springs of Kayane, she discovered a cave. There she hid her daughter Persephone, and set as guardians over her two serpents that at other times were harnessed to her chariot. In the cave the maiden worked in wool-the customary occupation for maidens under the protection of Pallas Athene, in her sacred citadel at Athens. Persephone began weaving a great web, a robe for her father or her mother, which was a picture of the whole world.
Heracles (Hercules)
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Alcmene, fearing Hera’s jealousy, exposed her newly-born child in a field outside the walls of Thebes; and here, at Zeus’s instigation, Athene took Hera for a casual stroll. ‘Look, my dear! What a wonderfully robust child!’ said Athene, pretending surprise as she stopped to pick him up. ‘His mother must have been out of her mind to abandon him in a stony field! Come, you have milk. Give the poor little creature suck!’ Thoughtlessly Hera took him and bared her breast, at which Heracles drew with such force that she flung him down in pain, and a spurt of milk flew across the sky and became the Milky Way.
Penelope
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
If he returned, if he were here to care for me, I might be happily renowned! But grief instead heaven sent me-years of pain. Sons of the noblest families on the islands, Doulikhion, Same, wooded Zakynthos, with native Ithakans, are here to court me, against my wish; and they consume this house.
Odysseus and Achilles
Authors: Leeming David Adams 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Now, Odysseus had been warned by an oracle: ‘If you go to Troy, you will not return until the twentieth year, and then alone and destitute.’ He therefore feigned madness, and Agamemnon, Menelaus, and Palamedes found him wearing a peasant’s felt cap shaped like a half-egg, ploughing with an ass and an ox yoked together, and flinging salt over his shoulder as he went. When he pretended not to recognize his distinguished guests, Palamedes snatched the infant Telemachus from Penelope’s arms and set him on the ground before the advancing team.