bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Can We Make Information on Equity in Clinical Guidelines More Usable for Clinicians? A Case Study Methodology of General Practitioners
Authors: MacPherson Naomi , Norman Kimberley , Gunatillaka Nilakshi , Yao Alexa , Nielsen Suzanne , Sturgiss Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are moving toward greater consideration of population‐level differences, like health inequities, when creating management recommendations. CPGs have the potential to reduce or perpetuate health inequities. The intrinsic design factors of electronic interfaces that contain CPGs are known barriers to guideline use. There is little existing guidance on supporting the uptake of equity‐specific recommendations within CPGs by end users.ObjectiveTo investigate (1) How do General Practitioners (GPs) use Therapeutic Guidelines to adapt their clinical management for disadvantaged populations and do they support equity recommendations in this CPG? (2) How could Therapeutic Guidelines embed health equity information into their guidelines?MethodsThe Therapeutic Guidelines was used as a case study as it is the most frequently used CPG in Australian healthcare settings. We employed descriptive qualitative methods, focused on semistructured interviews with 17 eligible GPs. Interviews were structured around four case studies that initially explored the management of a patient from the general population, with their details then changed so they belonged to a disadvantaged population. We used a ‘think aloud’ interview technique to explore the clinician's application of CPGs.ResultsThree themes were developed relating to: (1) GPs agree that health equity information needs to be intentionally included in guidelines and should focus on disadvantaged subgroups to support their clinical decision‐making, (2) GPs want CPGs to include equity information which is relevant to the purpose and use of each guideline, acknowledging that other clinical aids could provide additional information when needed, (3) GPs want clearer signposting of information within guidelines to help navigation of key sections, highlighting the utility of symbols, colours and dropdown functions.ConclusionThis research extends existing literature by showing that including equity information tailored to the articulated purpose of each CPG, as perceived by end users, may maximise uptake. Our outlined strategies could be used by CPG developers to make equity‐focused management recommendations more accessible. This may increase the implementation of equity‐focused recommendations by clinicians, supporting current primary care strategies in achieving more equitable outcomes.
Interdisciplinary Approach to Retreatment of a Full‐Mouth Rehabilitation: Horizontal Preparations, Vertical Dimension of Occlusion Increase, and Mucogingival Surgery in a Tetracycline‐Stained Dentition
Authors: Gil Alfonso , Morón‐Conejo Belén , Bonfanti Mónica , Martínez‐Rus Francisco , Pradies Guillermo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis case report presents the interdisciplinary retreatment of a patient with a worn full‐mouth rehabilitation using defect‐oriented restorations, horizontal preparations, and vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) increase.Clinical ConsiderationsA 58‐year‐old woman with a previous full‐mouth rehabilitation presented with worn dentition, loss of VDO, and reduced posterior support. Examination revealed signs of parafunctional habits, tetracycline‐stained teeth, and compromised aesthetics with exposed discolored teeth and open embrasure spaces. Additionally, the veneers showed wear and ceramic chipping. The retreatment started with a diagnostic phase, including a wax‐up and mock‐up to guide the treatment plan. Mucogingival surgery was performed to correct gingival recession according to the restorative margins established by the mock‐up. The full‐mouth rehabilitation involved increasing the VDO through anterior crowns and veneers, posterior overlays, and dental implant restoration. Horizontal chamfer preparations ensured sufficient thickness for the ceramic material, allowing for durable adhesive restorations.ConclusionsThe interdisciplinary approach, combining diagnostic, surgical, and prosthetic phases, enabled the successful retreatment of this complex case, restoring function and aesthetics. A 2‐year follow‐up confirmed the stability and positive outcomes of the rehabilitated dentition.Clinical SignificanceThis interdisciplinary approach provides an effective strategy for managing complex full‐mouth rehabilitations, integrating aesthetics, function, and periodontal health through defect‐oriented preparation techniques.
Dopamine genetic risk scores and psychiatric symptoms: Interacting risk factors for impulse control behaviours in de novo Parkinson's disease
Authors: Whooley Emma , Koppelmans Vincent , MacDonald Hayley J. , Hall Alison , Ruitenberg Marit F. L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUp to 45% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience impulse control disorders (ICDs), characterized by a loss of voluntary control over impulses, drives or temptations. This study aimed to investigate whether previously identified genetic and psychiatric risk factors interact towards the development of ICDs in PD. A total of 278 de novo PD patients (ICD‐free at enrollment) were selected from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database. ICD presence at baseline and yearly follow‐up assessments were evaluated via the Questionnaire for Impulsive‐Compulsive Disorders. Symptoms of anxiety and depression at baseline were measured via the State–Trait‐Anxiety Inventory and Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. Furthermore, an individual dopamine genetic risk score was calculated according to polymorphisms in genes coding for dopamine (D1, D2 and D3 receptors and catechol‐O‐methyltransferase), with higher scores reflecting higher central dopamine neurotransmission. In total, 146 participants (47.5%) developed an ICD with an average onset time of 36 months (range 3–96) from baseline. Results from a Cox proportional hazards model showed a trait anxiety × genetics interaction, suggesting that individuals with both higher baseline trait anxiety scores and higher dopamine genetic risk scores were at increased risk of ICD development. This interaction remained significant after controlling for age, sex and motor symptom severity. Our findings suggest that genetic and psychiatric predictors of impulsivity in PD interact and jointly yield increased ICD risk during the course of the disorder. This implies that early screening of anxiety symptoms in combination with genotyping can be useful to identify those at risk for ICD.
Decoding Green Bonds for Sustainable Development: A Hybrid Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Joshipura Mayank , Mathur Sachin , Joshipura Nehal , Castelino Reema 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe green bond market and related scholarly research have grown exponentially recently. However, the literature remains scattered. This study addresses the gap by analyzing 744 Scopus‐indexed journal articles using a mix of bibliometric and content analyses to unveil trends, current dynamics, and knowledge structures. The bibliometric analysis shows dynamic transformation and differential development among clusters. It indicates the following three prominent research themes: (a) reducing carbon emissions, (b) premium and financing, and (c) connectedness and portfolio risk effects. From policymakers' perspective, the content analysis reveals positive linkages and channels between green bonds and the environment. Pertinent to issuers and investors, estimates of green bond premiums vary by time, context, and methodology. Future scholarly research should focus on causality, regional variations, and the role of policy design in the impact of green finance. Researchers must further investigate the motives of green bond investors and issuers.
Fresh frozen plasma, fibrinogen concentrate, and antithrombin concentrate administration for obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation by the Japanese previous and new criteria
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Matsunaga Shigetaka , Makino Shintaro , Takeda Yoshiharu , Hyodo Hironobu , Nii Masafumi , Serizawa Mariko , Eto Eriko , Takeda Jun , Adachi Tomoko , Kobayashi Takao , Itakura Atsuo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study is to clarify the frequencies of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) ± fibrinogen concentrate administration (fibrinogen concentrate [FC] therapy) and antithrombin (AT) concentrate administration (AT therapy) for the women with obstetrical disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).MethodsTwo retrospective multicenter case–control studies as Study‐1 (January–December 2018) and Study‐2 (July 2022–June 2023) were conducted. Study‐1 was the historical control of Study‐2. All participants experienced a blood loss of ≥1000 mL during vaginal delivery or ≥2000 mL during cesarean section. All participants were subsequently assigned to the DIC group or non‐DIC group.ResultsStudy‐1 comprised 175 women (obstetrical DIC, 27; control, 148; by the previous criteria) and Study‐2 comprised 175 women (obstetrical DIC, 9; control, 166; by the new criteria). The frequencies of FFP (±FC therapy) or FC therapy in DIC group were significantly higher than non‐DIC group in Study‐1 (88.9% vs. 25.0%, 44.4% vs. 4.0%) and Study‐2 (100% vs. 24.7%, 77.8% vs. 5.4%); however, the frequencies of AT therapy were similar. Furthermore, in the DIC group, all women with fibrinogen <150 mg/dL received FFP ± FC therapy in Study‐1 (n = 19) and Study‐2 (n = 8); however, those with AT activity <70% received AT therapy (16.7% [4/24] and 12.5% [1/8], respectively).ConclusionWe revealed an association between the high frequency of FFP ± FC therapy and lower fibrinogen levels, but a low frequency of AT therapy regardless of AT activity, in obstetrical DIC regardless of diagnosis criteria.
Baseline Alpha‐Fetoprotein Elevation and the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Park ChulHyoung , Hwang Gyubeom , Choi Won‐Mook , Han Ji Eun , Kim Chungsoo , Lee Dong Yun , Heo Subin , Park Rae Woong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level and its changes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may influence the risk of future hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to evaluate the HCC risk in CHB patients with no overt HCC but with elevated AFP level and to explore the prognostic role of longitudinal changes in AFP and liver‐related laboratory values. This multicentre cohort study included 10,639 CHB patients without a history of HCC from seven medical facilities in South Korea. Patients with a baseline serum AFP test and no HCC diagnosis on imaging within 3 months were included. Patients were categorised into high‐AFP (≥ 10 ng/mL) and normal‐AFP (< 10 ng/mL) groups. The primary outcome was the incidence of HCC within 2 years, with secondary outcomes focused on longitudinal changes in AFP and liver‐related laboratory values. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess HCC risk. After 1:4 PSM, 1278 high‐AFP and 3731 normal‐AFP patients were analysed. The high‐AFP group had a significantly higher 2‐year incidence of HCC (HR: 4.29; 95% CI: 3.31–5.57). AFP levels increased in patients who developed HCC in both groups (p < 0.01). Among the high‐AFP group, patients who did not develop HCC had elevated baseline alanine aminotransferase levels (p < 0.01), which decreased during follow‐up (p < 0.01) unlike those who developed HCC. In conclusion, baseline AFP elevation in CHB patients is associated with an increased risk of developing HCC within 2 years. Longitudinal monitoring of AFP and liver‐related laboratory values can help in risk stratification.
Labial Melanotic Macules in Two Pediatric Patients of Chinese Descent With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Katsiaunis Apostolos , Petrillo Madalyn , Robinson Sarah N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe report two pediatric patients of Chinese descent with atopic dermatitis (AD) who developed labial melanotic macules in the absence of previous topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) usage. Both patients presented with multiple hyperpigmented macules on the upper and lower vermilion lips with a negative genetic workup for Peutz–Jeghers. These findings suggest labial melanotic macules may be a cutaneous manifestation of chronic eczematous dermatitis in pediatric patients, particularly those of Asian descent. Increased recognition of this phenomenon may help clinicians as they are making treatment decisions and avoid unnecessary genetic testing, thus optimizing patient care and reducing costs.
Piecing together the jigsaw: Forests in the EU's Fit for 55 Package
Authors: Sasso Caterina , Savaresi Annalisa , Vesa Seita 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article considers the intricate regulatory jigsaw of forest governance that has emerged from the Fit for 55 Package. It focuses on the 2023 revision of the Land Use, Land‐use Change and Forestry Regulation, the treatment of forest biomass in the 2023 Renewables Directive, and Regulation on carbon removals and carbon farming. The article explores the interconnections between these instruments, their relationship with other relevant EU Law instrument, and their projected impacts. Recognising the evolving nature of law and policy in this area, we offer an initial assessment of this regulatory jigsaw, highlighting the challenges of balancing the cultural, economic, social, political, and scientific considerations intersecting in EU forest governance.
Technical Measures, Environmental Protection, and Trade
Authors: Santeramo Fabio Gaetano , Lamonaca Emilia , Emlinger Charlotte 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTechnical regulations are increasingly numerous, complex, and often less transparent than traditional price‐based measures. Widely employed to achieve nontrade policy objectives, these measures are frequently adopted for environmental protection purposes. However, the trade effects of environmental measures remain underexplored. Using a unique and original dataset of technical measures notified for environmental reasons, we provide robust evidence that such measures significantly reduce both trade values and volumes. Our analysis further reveals substantial variation in the trade impacts of environmental technical measures across sectors and countries, highlighting notable differences. These findings are critical for assessing whether these measures function as trade barriers and underscore the importance of further research into their trade‐offs and spillover effects. Such research is essential for understanding the broader implications of environmental technical measures on global trade dynamics.
Evidence that staphylococcal superantigens promote within-patient bacterial persistence following post-operative surgical site infection
Authors: Dufresne Karine , Tuffs Stephen W. , Walton Nicholas R. , Kasper Katherine J. , Mohorovic Ivor , Hasan Farah , Bentall Tracey , Heinrichs David E. , Delport Johan , Mele Tina S. , McCormick John K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is a predominant cause of post-operative surgical site infections and persistent bacteremia. Here, we describe a patient who experienced three episodes of
S. aureus
infection over a period of 4 months following a total knee arthroplasty. The initial bloodstream isolate (SAB-0429) was a clonal complex 5 (CC5) and methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA), whereas two subsequent isolates (SAB-0485 and SAB-0495) were CC5 isolates but methicillin-sensitive
S. aureus
. The two latter isolates harbored a plasmid encoding three superantigen genes that were not present in the primary MRSA isolate. SAB-0485 and SAB-0495 both expressed the plasmid-encoded staphylococcal enterotoxin R exotoxin and demonstrated increased superantigen activity compared with SAB-0429. Compared to SAB-0429, the latter isolates also demonstrated an increased bacterial burden in a mouse bacteremia model that was dependent on increased interferon-γ production. Curing of the plasmid from SAB-0485 reduced this virulence phenotype. These findings suggest that the superantigen exotoxins may provide a selective advantage in chronic post-surgical infections.

IMPORTANCE

In this study, we investigated bacterial isolates from a patient who experienced three recurrent
S. aureus
infections over a 4 month period following total knee arthroplasty. Genomic and phenotypic characterization of these isolates revealed that they all belonged to clonal complex 5, yet the latter two strains contained an additional plasmid encoding superantigen exotoxins. Subsequent experimental infection experiments in mice demonstrated that the plasmid-encoded superantigens exacerbated bacteremia by promoting liver abscess formation. These experiments suggest that despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, bacterial superantigens may be able to promote persistent infection following post-surgery.
Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
from recreational water in Athens, GA, using an undergraduate laboratory module
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia Coralis , Wall Helen , Ottesen Elizabeth , Grainy Julie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

We present a laboratory module that uses isolation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from locally collected stream water samples to introduce undergraduate students to basic microbiological culture-based and molecular techniques. This module also educates them on the global public health threat of antibiotic-resistant organisms. Through eight laboratory sessions, students are involved in quality testing of water sources from their neighborhoods, followed by isolation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing
Enterobacteriaceae
. By the end of the module, students should be able to isolate
Enterobacteriaceae
from the environment using selective and differential media, identify isolates using biochemical tests, characterize antibiotic resistance phenotypes using Kirby Bauer and MIC tests, and evaluate the presence of select beta-lactamase genes of interest using PCR. To complement laboratory sessions, students participated in a weekly flipped classroom session with collaborative peer discussions and activities to reinforce concepts applied in the laboratory. Learning outcomes were measured over four semesters with concept checks, in-lecture activities, exams, and laboratory reports. We hypothesized that more than 50% of the student population would achieve each learning objective through the implementation of this authentic research laboratory module. Here, we highlight specific questions used to assess learning objective comprehension and demonstrate that each learning objective was achieved by 65%–100% of the student population. We present a ready-to-adapt module with flexible resources that can be implemented in courses across disciplines in biology, microbiology, environmental sciences, and public health.
Chromosome level genome assembly and annotation of
Hanseniaspora mollemarum
CBS 18055 strain
Authors: Bennis Nicole Xanthe , Indudhar Hanji Harshitha , van den Broek Marcel , Daran Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Hanseniaspora species gained attention due to the ability of these species to ferment simple sugars and to actively contribute to the development of bouquet aromas in wine and cider fermentations. We present a chromosome-level assembly of an isolate of
Hanseniaspora mollemarum
that would enhance its potential applications.
mSphere of Influence: High-throughput screens to rapidly assign function to microbial genes
Authors: Huberman Lori B. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Lori Huberman works in the field of fungal genetics, with an emphasis on investigating the genetic mechanisms fungi use to sense and respond to the nutrients and toxins in their environment. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how “Rapid quantification of mutant fitness in diverse bacteria by sequencing randomly bar-coded transposons” by K. M. Wetmore, M. N. Price, R. J. Waters, J. S. Lamson, et al. (mBio 6:e00306-15, 2015,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00306-15
) made an impact on her by establishing technologies that open realistic possibilities for developing high-throughput screening methods to correlate phenotype to genotype in diverse fungal species.
Associations of fetal and infant growth with pubertal timing
Authors: Blaauwendraad Sophia , Gaillard Romy , Gonçalves Romy , Rivadeneira Fernando , Dohle Gert , Oei Edwin , Mulders Annemarie , Jansen Pauline , Jaddoe Vincent 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveImpaired fetal and infant growth may cause alterations in developmental programming of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and subsequently pubertal development. We aimed to assess associations between fetal and infant growth and pubertal development.DesignPopulation-based prospective birth cohort.SettingRotterdam, the Netherlands.Patients5830 singleton born children.InterventionsWe estimated fetal weight in second and third trimester by ultrasound. Infant growth measures were gestational age and weight at birth and infant weight at 6, 12 and 24 months.Main outcome measuresPubertal timing outcomes included difference between chronological and skeletal age assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, testicular or ovarian volumes assessed using MRI at 10 years, age at menarche and Tanner staging at 13 years.ResultsAmong girls, 1-SD scores birth weight increase was associated with larger ovarian volume at 10 years (0.07 SD (95% CI 0.02 to 0.12) and later age at menarche (0.06 (0.02 to 0.11)). Among girls, increased infant growth was associated with an older skeletal age at 10 years (difference 2.67 (95% CI 2.26 to 3.08) months), earlier menarche (difference 0.10 (95% CI −0.14 to –0.06) years) and more advance breast and pubic hair development at 13 years (difference in Tanner stages 0.09 (0.05 to 0.13) and 0.07 (0.03 to 0.12)). In boys, increased infant growth was associated with an older skeletal age (3.13 (95% CI 2.58 to 3.69) months) and a larger testicular volume (0.07 (95% 0.02 to 0.12) SD) at 10 years, and with more advance pubic hair development (0.09 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.14) at 13 years).ConclusionBirth anthropometrics and early-life growth patterns are associated with altered pubertal development in a sex-specific manner.