bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis provides insight into the endogenization of Parvovirus-like DNA sequences
Authors: Ahmad Aftab , Dohlen Carol D. , Ren Zhumei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Rhus gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, feeds on its primary host plant Rhus chinensis to induce galls, which have economic importance in medicines and the food industry. Rhus gall aphids have a unique life cycle and are economically beneficial but there is huge gap of genomic information about this group of aphids. Schlechtendalia chinensis induces rich-tannin galls on its host plant and is emerging as a model organism for both commercial applications and applied research in the context of gall production by insects. Here, we generated a high-quality chromosome-level assembly for the S. chinensis genome, enabling the comparison between S. chinensis and non-galling aphids. The final genome assembly is 344.59 Mb with 91.71% of the assembled sequences anchored into 13 chromosomes. We predicted 15,013 genes, of which 14,582 (97.13%) coding genes was annotated, and 99% of the predicted genes were anchored to the 13 chromosomes. This assembly reveals the endogenization of parvovirus-related DNA sequences (PRDs) in the S. chinensis genome, which could play a role in environmental adaptations. We demonstrated the characterization and classification of cytochrome P450s in the genome assembly, which are functionally crucial for sap-feeding insects and have roles in detoxification and insecticide resistance. This genome assembly also revealed the whole genome duplication events in S. chinensis, which can be considered in comparative evolutionary analysis. Our work represents a reference genome for gall-forming aphids that could be used for comparative genomic studies between galling and non-galling aphids and provides the first insight to the endogenization of PRDs in the genome of galling aphids. It also provides novel genetic information for future research on gall-formation and insect-plant interactions.
Establishing conditions for the generation and maintenance of estrogen receptor-positive organoid models of breast cancer
Authors: Oliphant Michael UJ , Akshinthala Dipikaa , Muthuswamy Senthil K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Patient-derived organoid models of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer would provide a much-needed tool to understand drug resistance and disease progression better. However, the establishment and long-term maintenance of ER expression, function, and response in vitro remains a significant challenge. Here, we report the development of an ER+ breast tumor organoid medium (BTOM-ER) that conserves ER expression, estrogen responsiveness, and dependence, as well as sensitivity to endocrine therapy of ER+ patient-derived xenograft organoids (PDXO). Our findings demonstrate the utility of subtype-specific culture conditions that better mimic the characteristics of the breast epithelial biology and microenvironment, providing a powerful platform for investigating therapy response and disease progression of ER+ breast cancer.
Mortality from Ischemic Heart Disease: Analysis of Multiple Causes of Death
Authors: Bastos Luiz Antonio Viegas de Miranda , Villela Paolo Blanco , Bichara José Lucas Peres , Pereira Basilio de Bragança , Nascimento Emilia Matos do , Bastos Eduardo Luiz Viegas de Miranda , de Oliveira Glaucia Maria Moraes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Context:
Both the aging of the population and the increase in noncommunicable diseases may influence the progression and outcomes culminating in death, changing the evolution of ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) and their associated causes. Thus, it is essential to understand the process of death from IHD, the diseases associated with IHD, and the diseases to which IHD is related.
Objectives
To evaluate the mortality from IHD in Brazil between 2006 and 2020 using the method of multiple causes and identify differences in the distribution pattern of IHD mortality by sex and geographic region.
Methods
Based on information extracted from death certificates (DCs) obtained from the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), we used the multiple causes method to analyze the diseases associated with IHD when IHD was defined as the underlying cause (UC) of death and the diseases listed as the UC when IHD was recorded in any line of the DC, from 2006 to 2020, in Brazil. Subsequently, the proportion of these diseases and differences between sexes and geographic regions were evaluated, with statistical relevance analyzed using the chi-square test, and the dependence between factors illustrated using stacked bar charts and small-world network graphs.
Results
When IHD was listed as the UC of death, the most frequent associated diseases were, in descending order of frequency, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), arterial hypertension (AH), chronic ischemic heart disease (CHID), heart failure (HF), and diabetes mellitus (DM). When IHD was mentioned in any line of the DC, the most frequent UCs of death were AMI followed by DM, CIHD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, dyslipidemia, and, in the year 2020, COVID-19. The most frequent diseases in women were DM as the UC and associated disease, AH as the UC, and CIHD and Alzheimer's disease as associated diseases, while the most frequent diseases in men were substance dependence as the UC and associated disease, and cancer as an associated disease. The most frequent diseases were DM and stroke in the North and Northeast, dyslipidemia and obesity in the Midwest, Alzheimer's disease in the South and Southeast, and atherosclerotic heart disease (AHD) and COPD in the South.
Conclusions
Several diseases – including AMI, AH, CIHD, HF, and DM – were the most frequent associated diseases when IHD was recorded as the UC. In contrast, AMI, DM, CIHD, COPD, and stroke were the most frequent UCs when IHD was listed as an associated disease. The degree of these associations varied between sexes and geographic regions. The use of the multiple causes of death method allows for a better understanding of the magnitude of these relationships and could enable better targeting of investments in health.
On Designing a Profitable System Model to Harmonize the Tripartite Dissension in Content Delivery Applications
Authors: Yang Libin , Lou Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The popularity of commercial content delivery applications has led to dissension among three embroiled parties: Content Service Providers (CSPs), Internet Service Providers (ISPs), and End Users (EUs). This dissension is not only a technical problem but an economic problem. To harmonize this dissension, this paper takes live streaming as a typical content delivery application. It proposes a profitable system model that enables all three parties to enlarge their benefits with the help of a prevalent content delivery architecture integrated with edge caching and traffic engineering technologies. We model the interactions among CSPs, ISPs, and EUs as a tripartite game where more and more ISPs and CSPs are involved in the market. We introduce a pricing scheme that captures the application features. We study the tripartite game in different market scenarios and propose a dynamic three-stage Stackelberg game combined with the Cournot game that characterizes the interdependent, interactive, and competitive relationship among the three parties. Moreover, we investigate how the market competition motivates ISPs to upgrade the cache service infrastructure. Our theoretical analysis and empirical study show that the model can result in a win-win-win outcome.
Comparison of remimazolam besylate to propofol on induction of monitored anesthesia care on patients undergoing hysteroscopy: a multicentered, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study
Authors: Li Si-xun , Fan Cheng-long , Cui Guang-rong , Lin Jing-yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Remimazolam besylate is an intravenous benzodiazepine sedative created from “soft” drugs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the effectiveness of remimazolam is non-inferior to propofol in induction of monitored anesthesia care on patients undergoing BIS-guided hysteroscopy. This non-infertility study included patients aged 18 ~ 65 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II undergoing hysteroscopy. The 152 patients were prospectively recruited and randomized 1:1 to remimazolam and propofol groups.The results identified that the onset time of remimazolam was non-inferior to propofol. Compared with patients in Group P, MAP was significantly decreased at T1 (P < 0.05), HR was significantly increased from T3 to T5 (P < 0.05), and CO increased with significant difference at T8 in Group R (P < 0.05). Incidence of total adverse events in Group R was lower than that in Group P (P < 0.01). Compared with Group P, patients in Group R had a significantly longer awakening time and length of PACU stay (P < 0.05). As the induction time of monitored anesthesia care on patients undergoing hysteroscopy is considered, remimazolam besylate is non-inferior to propofol. Remimazolam has less inhibition on intraoperative hemodynamics and cardiac output than propofol. Our study shows the effectiveness and safety of remimazolam besylate on patients undergoing BIS-guided hysteroscopy.
Improving HIV testing, linkage, and retention in care among South African men through U=U messaging: A study protocol for two sequential hybrid type 1 effectiveness- implementation randomized controlled trials
Authors: Medina-Marino Andrew , Sibanda Nkosiyapha , Putt Mary , Davey Dvora Joseph , Smith Phillip , Thirumurthy Harsha , Bekker Linda-Gail , Buttenheim Alison 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Increasing HIV testing and treatment coverage among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is essential for achieving global AIDS epidemic control. However, compared to women, cis-gender heterosexual men living with HIV are significantly less likely to know their HIV status, initiate anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and achieve viral suppression. This is particularly true in South Africa, where men are also at increased risk of mortality resulting from AIDS-related illnesses. While there is growing knowledge of Treatment as Prevention or the concept Undetectable=Untransmittable (U=U) among PLHIV in Western and high-income countries, the reach and penetration of the U=U message in sub-Saharan Africa remains limited, and few studies have evaluated the impact of accessible and relatable U=U messages on ART initiation and adherence. To address these gaps, rigorous evaluations of interventions that incorporate U=U messages are needed, especially among men in high prevalence settings.
METHODS:
Building on our U=U messages that we previously developed for men using behavioral economics insights and a human-centered design, we will conduct two sequential hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation trials to evaluate the impact of U=U messages on men’s uptake of community-based HIV testing and ART initiation (Trial 1), and retention in care and achievement of viral suppression (Trial 2). A cluster randomized trial will be implemented for Trial 1, with HIV testing service site-days randomized to U=U or standard-of-care (SoC) messages inviting men to test for HIV. An individual-level randomized control trial will be implemented for Trial 2, with men initiating ART at six government clinics randomized to receive U=U counselling or SoC treatment adherence messaging. We will incorporate a multi-method evaluation to inform future implementation of U=U messaging interventions. The study will be conducted in the Buffalo City Metro Health District of the Eastern Cape Province and in the Cape Town Metro Health District in the Western Cape Province in South Africa.
DISCUSSION:
These trials are the first to rigorously evaluate the impact of U=U messaging on HIV testing uptake, ART initiation and achievement of viral suppression among African men. If effective, these messaging interventions can shape global HIV testing, treatment and adherence counselling guidelines and practices.
Factors Associated with Repeat Pregnancies among Adolescent Mothers: Analysis of the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey Data 2022
Authors: Ikwara Asher Emmanuel , Atwijukiire Humphrey 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background:
Adolescent motherhood is a global public health concern, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Kenya, where the teenage pregnancy rate stands at 15%, addressing repeat adolescent pregnancies is crucial. This study utilizes data from the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) to investigate the factors influencing the occurrence of repeat pregnancies among adolescent mothers aged 15-19. Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective interventions to improve the health and well-being of adolescent mothers and their offspring.
Methods:
The study's dataset comprises 42,022 households from the 2022 KDHS. It focuses on 6,404 adolescent mothers aged 15-19. Demographic factors, considered as independent variables, were examined using SPSS. The analysis encompassed descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression. The study's outcome variable was defined as experiencing one or more pregnancies during adolescence.
Results:
Among the adolescent mothers, 68.6% resided in rural areas, 58.1% had attained a secondary education level, and 86.0% demonstrated the ability to read complete sentences. Notably, 2.3% experienced repeat pregnancies. The study identified several significant factors associated with repeated adolescent pregnancies, including rural residence, lower educational attainment, male-headed households, illiteracy, and lack of mobile phone ownership, lower wealth index, and contraceptive use. Logistic regression analysis revealed that using contraception, both outside and within the calendar, was strongly associated with an increased likelihood of repeat pregnancies (AOR=9.534 and AOR=5.887, respectively). These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to address reproductive health disparities among adolescent mothers.
Conclusion and recommendation
This study highlights the complexity of repeated adolescent pregnancies in Kenya, emphasizing education, contraception, and gender equity. Recommendations include comprehensive education and improved access to contraceptives.
The Dietary Inflammatory Index is Associated with Reduced Kidney Function in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Patients
Authors: Shi Sanling , Du Leilei , Zhou Yimin , Ni Weicheng , Lu Yucheng , Lin Ken , Li Yuanmiao , Ke Jiayu , Zhou Hao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dietary patterns are strongly correlated with chronic inflammation. Inflammatory processes play a crucial role in maintaining renal homeostasis and function. The dietary inflammatory potential can be assessed through the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which has shown a positive association with a higher likelihood of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in healthy individuals. However, the applicability of DII in assessing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) patients has not been evaluated.
Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 3,599 adult participants with ASCVD taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2018. Systematic collection of baseline data was performed for all study participants. Patients were categorized into four groups according to the baseline DII. The association of kidney function with the DII score was assessed using linear regression analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to investigate the correlation between the DII score and the likelihood of CKD. Furthermore, a restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was employed to explore potential non-linear correlations between the DII score and CKD.
Results
In regression models adjusted for a range of possible confounders, the DII score demonstrated a positive correlation with serum creatinine (p < 0.001) and an inverse correlation with the estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using the MDRD equation (p < 0.001). Compared to individuals without CKD, those with CKD had significantly elevated DII scores (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between high DII scores and CKD; after classifying DII into quartiles and fully adjusting, individuals in the highest quartile (quartile 4) showed a positive and significant association with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease compared to those in the lowest quartile (quartile 1) (95% CI: 1.045–1.613, P = 0.019). Using restricted cubic spline analysis, a linear relationship was uncovered between the DII score and the risk of developing kidney disease in all study participants.
Conclusion
The study utilized the Dietary Inflammatory Index to assess dietary inflammatory potential in adults diagnosed with ASCVD. The findings revealed that a high DII score was associated with decreased kidney function in ASCVD patients and was an independent risk factor for the development of CKD. Our findings underscore the importance of maintaining a diet low in the inflammatory potential to reduce the risk of CKD in this population.
Design and Manufacturing Process of Soft Gripper for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kim Dongbum , Baek Seoung Rok , Kim Min Soo , Park Chae Young , Lee In Hwan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The soft gripper, constructed from elastic materials, serves as a crucial automated device component, aiming to minimize object damage. The central focus of utilizing soft grippers lies in their shape design, enabling effective handling of objects with low rigidity and diverse forms. This study delves into shape design research, employing a pneumatic pressure-responsive, tube-like soft gripper fabricated through injection molding. During the design phase, a comprehensive survey of soft gripper research trends was conducted, leading to two distinct configurations: Type1, drawing from established shapes, and Type2, a novel design ensuring bending angle stability. The prediction of bending angles was accomplished through employment of the Abaqus finite element analysis program. While conventional injection molding remains a prevalent manufacturing technique, it confronts challenges like demolding and undercuts. Thus, for intricate shapes and monolithic soft grippers, layer-by-layer additive manufacturing emerges as a superior choice over injection molding. The implementation of this approach holds the potential for streamlined soft gripper design processes, potentially yielding reductions in both time and cost. The significance of these findings lies in advancing the capabilities of soft grippers, propelling them toward efficient and cost-effective applications in various fields.
Dynamic visualization in animated mathematics videos I: a classification of didactic roles
Authors: Voorde Abe ten , Piroi Margherita , Bos Rogier 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In recent years, a multitude of innovative educational videos focusing on mathematics and employing dynamic visualization techniques have emerged on YouTube. This study investigates how creators of such videos aim to teach through dynamic visualizations. From a sample of videos, we develop a classification of didactical roles of dynamic visuals and supporting animation techniques. The classification is constructed through an open coding approach, involving an iterative process of defining, analyzing and refining the codes. Additionally, we conducted an interview with a video creator about the intended roles of dynamic visuals employed in his animations. The classification encompasses the following categories of roles: connect objects, (co)vary objects, dynamic concept visualization, dynamic process visualization, symbol sense, connect to reality, and generalization. These roles are implemented through animation techniques like moving and morphing. The nomenclature of these roles suggests their affiliation with various mathematics education research perspectives, including covariational thinking, concept-process duality, symbol sense, and conversion between registers. The classification serves as a foundational framework for further research into the learning outcome and effectiveness of dynamic visualization in educational mathematics videos.
Global burden of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels
Authors: liu jiaping , Ouyang Guoqing , Wang Yong , Xu Tingfeng , Xie Qiuli , Zeng Yonglian , He songqing , Yuan Guandou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A comprehensive report on the global burden of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is currently unavailable. Here we assess G6PD deficiency burden and trends by analyzing data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, including the number and age-standardized rate of incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2019. Globally, there were increased trends in incident, prevalent and YLDs cases, the global ASIR and ASPR also increased during this period. Females had a greater burden of YLDs compared to males. In low and low-middle Social Development Index (SDI) regions, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, experienced higher ASPR and age-standardized YLDs rate (ASYR). India had the highest incident and prevalent number of G6PD deficiency. Malaysia showed the pronounced decreases in ASPR and ASYR. The highest and lowest ASYRs were observed at SDI values of 0.41 and 0.84, respectively. Together, G6PD deficiency continues to pose a heavy public health burden. Low and low-middle SDI regions need to allocate more efforts towards primary prevention to reduce its high burden.
Temperature control-based design of variable damping and lightweight gear bodies
Authors: Yang Jingrui , Zhang Yihe , Li Rui , Lee Chul Hee 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The sustainability of today's industry turned into a critical requirement on account of energy cost increases, environmental pollution, and carbon emissions. As an important segment in mechanical drive, the vibration and noise from gear transmission negatively impact the physical and psychological health of workers and interfere with the machine running. This paper proposes a new temperature-controlled vibration-damping lightening polymer composite gear model with a modified lightweight web structure. The spur gear web was replaced with a spoke-like structure connected with a ring structure that adheres to the heating film. That was required to assure torsional rigidity and compliance meanwhile controlling the web structural damping performance. For experimental purposes, the gears were manufactured from three kinds of viscoelastic polymer using additive manufacturing technology. The gear frequency sweeping excitation testbed was built in the experiment. The vibration exciter and gear dynamic responses were measured through the force and torque sensor. The experimental result coincides with vibration analysis in the finite element (FE) method. In the tests, the modal frequency and damping of gears were measured at different temperatures by control heating films. Variable damping could be achieved by changing the viscoelastic polymer temperature and gear web structure. This research can provide guidance for the polymer material gear damping control in mechanical transmission applications.