bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for development of foot abscess in neonatal pigs
Authors: Gardner Ian A. , Hird David W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Factors associated with foot abscess were evaluated in a cohort of 3,322 suckling pigs reared on a woven-wire floor (wire diameter, 0.5 cm; size of openings, 1 × 3.8 cm). In bivariate analysis, foot abscess was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with post-partum sow illness, number of pigs born alive, and parity, but not with birthweight (P = 0.31) or time spent on wire flooring (P = 0.89). One oxytetracycline treatment (100 mg, im) at birth or 1 treatment at birth and a second 5 to 7 days later reduced (P < 0.05) the risk of lesions by about half. Multivariate analyses indicated that pigs in large litters (> 10 pigs at birth) born to sows with postpartum illnesses had an increased risk (relative risk [rr], 3.77) of developing foot abscess, compared with pigs in small litters (≤ 10 pigs) born to unaffected sows. For sows without evidence of postpartum illness, pigs in large litters had a slightly increased risk (rr, 1.32) of developing foot abscess, compared with pigs in small litters. Pigs born to multiparous sows also had an increased risk (rr, 1.69) of developing foot abscess, compared with pigs born to primiparous sows. Similar risk estimates were obtained when logistic regression models included location farrowed (crate number) as fixed effect, and when litter was a random effect in a logistic-binomial regression.
Equine self-mutilation syndrome (57 cases)
Authors: Dodman Nicholas H. , Normile Jo Anne , Shuster Louis , Rand William 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Owners who believed they had a horse with self-mutilating behavior were asked to complete a questionnaire to obtain information on the signalment, clinical history, clinical signs, management, and treatment of the condition. Fifty-two owners of 59 horses responded; 2 cases were omitted because an organic cause was determined. Owners also were ashed to complete information for unaffected horses on the same farm. Various breeds were affected, and of the 57 horses, 20 were stallions, 31 were geldings, and 6 were mares. Affected horses tended to develop the condition prior to sexual maturity. Clinical signs included glancing or biting at the flank or pectoral areas, bucking, kicking, vocalizing, rubbing, spinning, or rolling. Several management and environmental factors were examined, but none were found to be exclusively related to expression of the disorder. Castration was associated with improvement in 7 of 10 stallions. Medications and changes in management reduced or prevented the behavior in some horses. The syndrome appears to be similar to Tourette’s syndrome of human beings.
Effects of storage time and temperature on ionized calcium concentration in equine blood, plasma, and serum
Authors: Szenci Ottó , Németh Ferenc , Stollár Zsuzsanna , Brydl Endre 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Stability of ionized calcium (Ca2+) concentrations and pH values in equine venous samples (n = 12 in each group) stored at 4 C for 3, 9, 24, and 48 hours (blood, plasma, and serum) or for 240 hours (plasma and serum), and at −20 C for 240 hours (plasma and serum), was studied. Storage of equine blood, plasma, and serum samples at 4 C for up to 48 hours and of serum samples at 4 C for up to 240 hours, despite appreciable pH changes, was associated with < 1.5% change in blood, plasma, and serum Ca2+ concentrations. Therefore, Ca2+ concentration in equine blood, plasma, and serum samples stored up to 48 hours and in serum samples stored up to 240 hours at 4 C is of diagnostic use.
Risk factors for development of chronic superficial keratitis in dogs
Authors: Chavkin Matthew J. , Roberts Steven M. , Salman Mowafak D. , Severin Glenn A. , Scholten Nathan J. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Proportional hospital accession ratios for chronic superficial keratitis (csk) of dogs were determined for 16 US veterinary teaching hospitals participating in the Veterinary Medical Data Base between Jan 1, 1976 and Dec 31, 1991. The prevalence of csk was significantly correlated (r = 0.90) with altitude of residence, but not with latitude, longitude, mean annual solar radiation, or mean annual relative humidity.
Medical records of dogs with (n = 595) and without (n = 72,877) csk examined at the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between Jan 1, 1976 and Oct 28, 1991 were also reviewed. Belgian Tervuren, German Shepherd Dogs, Border Collies, Greyhounds, Siberian Huskies, and Australian Shepherds were disproportionately affected. Dogs between 4 and 7 years old were 2.36 times more likely to develop lesions than were dogs < 4 years old (P < 0.05). Among dogs < 4 years old, spayed females, sexually intact males, and castrated males were more likely to develop the condition (P < 0.05) than were sexually intact females. Altitude of residence was a significant risk factor in the development of csk among dogs in Colorado. Dogs living at altitudes > 7,000 ft above sea level were 7.75 times more likely to develop lesions than were dogs living at elevations between 3,000 and 5,000 ft.
Postoperative racing performance in Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds with osteochondrosis of the tarsocrural joint: 109 cases (1984-1990)
Authors: Beard W. L. , Bramlage L. R. , Schneider R. K. , Embertson R. M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Medical records for 64 Thoroughbred and 45 Standardbred horses with osteochondrosis dissecans (ocd) of the tarsocrural joint that were treated by means of arthroscopic removal of the fragments before 2 years of age and before beginning racing were reviewed. Lesion site was recorded for all horses. The other foals from the dams of these surgically treated horses (siblings) were identified from mare progeny records. Racing data, including number of starts and money won during the 2- and 3-year-old racing years were obtained from the Jockey Club and the United States Trotting Association for affected horses and their siblings. Statistical analysis was performed to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between the racing performance of horses with ocd of the tarsocrural joint that were surgically treated by means of arthroscopic removal of the fragments prior to racing and that of their siblings.
One hundred and seventy-four lesions were recorded in 109 horses. The distribution of lesions was similar to that previously reported. For the Standardbreds, 22% of those that had surgery raced as 2 year olds and 43% raced as 3 year olds, compared with 42 and 50% of the siblings that raced as 2 year olds and 3 year olds, respectively. For the Thoroughbreds, 43% of those that had surgery raced as 2 year olds and 78% raced as 3 year olds, compared with 48% and 73% of the siblings that raced as 2 year olds and 3 year olds, respectively. The median number of starts for surgically treated horses was decreased, compared with median number of starts for siblings, for all groups except 3-year-old Thoroughbreds. The distribution of starts was different between surgically treated and sibling horses only for 2-year-old Standardbreds. Median earnings were lower for affected horses than for siblings for both breeds and both age groups. Among affected horses, ability to start at least 1 race was not associated with lesion location or unilateral vs bilateral involvement. There was a tendency for horses with multiple lesions to be less likely to start a race than horses with only a single lesion; however, the difference was significant only for 2-year-old Standardbreds. Affected Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds were less likely to race as 2 year olds than were their siblings.
Epidemiologic observations on infection with Rochalimaea species among cats living in Baltimore, Md
Authors: Childs James E. , Rooney Jane A. , Cooper Judy L. , Olson James G. , Regnery Russell L. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Cats from several sources in Baltimore, Md, were tested for seropositivity to Rochalimaea henselae and R quintana. Co-infection with Toxoplasma gondii or feline immunodeficiency virus was assessed as a risk factor for infection with Rochalimaea spp.
Of 592 cats tested, 87 (14.7%) were seropositive for one or both Rochalimaea spp, although titers to R henselae were significantly higher than those to R quintana. Prevalence of seropositivity increased significantly with cat age and weight and was associated with seropositivity to T gondii but was not associated with gender. Prevalence of seropositivity was similar (12.5 to 14.4%) among groups of cats with some history of human contact but was higher among feral cats (44.4%). Whether cats are reservoirs or mechanical vectors of Rochalimaea spp that can cause diseases in people is still uncertain, but these findings indicated widespread infection of cats and suggested possible modes of transmission for Rochalimaea spp among cats.
Owner complaints about canine behavior
Authors: Beaver Bonnie V. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Behavioral complaints reported from surveys of dog owners were compared with those from owners whose dogs were examined in referral behavior practices. Types of behaviors that dog owners considered to be problems varied from those only mentioned in surveys to those considered serious enough to seek professional help. The most common complaints listed by owners in surveys included territorial aggression, excessive protection of the owner, and excessive vocalization. Problems reported for referred behavior cases were aggression, especially dominance-related, and house soiling. Types of referral cases reported in the literature were similar to those examined at a university behavior clinic, but distribution of problems varied.
Competence of dogs as reservoirs for Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi)
Authors: Mather Thomas N. , Fish Durland , Coughlin Richard T. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Dogs become infected with Borrelia burgdorferi after being bitten by infected adult ticks. However, it is not known whether dogs are competent reservoirs of the organism, that is, it is not known whether infected dogs can subsequently transmit the bacterium to feeding immature ticks. To determine reservoir competence of dogs, 11 Beagles were experimentally infected by means of challenge exposure to infected adult deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis). Three weeks later, larval ticks were allowed to feed on the dogs. Engorged larvae were collected, allowed to molt to the nymph stage, and tested, by means of a direct fluorescent antibody assay, to detect the presence of B burgdorferi organisms. Overall, 78% of immature ticks tested were found to have become infected. We concluded that dogs might serve to increase human risk of exposure to B burgdorferi-infected ticks and, therefore, should be protected from exposure to infected ticks as well as immature ticks seeking a blood meal.
Evaluation of anesthetic protocols for neutering 6- to 14-week-old pups
Authors: Faggella Alica M. , Aronsohn Michael G. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Ninety-nine 6- to 14-week-old pups were given anesthetic agents according to 10 anesthetic protocols. Mean quality rating scores were determined to compare anesthetic protocols.
In male pups, IV administration of propofol (6.5 mg/kg of body weight) 15 minutes after m administration of atropine (0.04 mg/kg) and oxymorphone (0.22 mg/kg) provided the best quality anesthesia. Intramuscular administration of midazolam (0.22 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.44 mg/kg) instead of oxymorphone provided little sedation, but induced good analgesia. Atropine/oxymorphone/midazolam/xylazine, atropine/butorphanol/midazolam/xylazine, and tiletamine/zolazepam were unsatisfactory combinations for use in castration of 6- to 14-week-old male pups.
In female pups, IV administration of propofol (3.4 mg/kg) 15 minutes after IM administration of atropine (0.04 mg/kg) and oxymorphone (0.11 mg/kg) was the most effective anesthetic protocol. Administration of the drugs according to this protocol enabled a pup to be intubated. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. If inhalational induction was preferred, IM administration of 13.2 mg of tiletamine/zolazepam/kg, 0.04 mg of atropine/kg and 0.11 mg of oxymorphone/kg, or 0.22 mg of midazolam/kg and 0.44 mg of butorphanol/kg may be used prior to mask delivery of inhalational anesthetics. In female pups, it was not advantageous to combine midazolam with oxymorphone, and use of high dosages of oxymorphone (0.22 mg/kg) or midazolam/butorphanol provided little sedation. Time of recovery after use of tiletamine/zolazepam was the longest for the combinations used, but did not adversely affect pups.
Male pups were castrated via scrotal incisions, using hemostatic clips. Ovariohysterectomies were performed via a ventral abdominal midline approach, using hemostatic clips for ligation, five females developed signs of inflammation at the surgical site within 1 to 2 weeks after surgical, and were treated conservatively with warm compresses.
Characteristics of animals adopted from an animal control center whose owners complied with a spaying/neutering program
Authors: Alexander Stephenie A. , Shane Simon M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A study of 137 cats and 567 dogs received by and subsequently adopted from an animal control center was performed to determine characteristics of animals whose new owners subsequently complied with a prepaid spaying/neutering program. Four times as many dogs as cats were adopted. Females were adopted more frequently than males. Owners who adopted female cats were most likely to comply with the prepaid spaying/neutering program, followed, in order, by owners of male cats, owners of female dogs, and owners of male dogs. Most animals returned to the shelter were < 4 months old. Dogs suspected to be of mixed breeding that were > 4 months old were most likely to be adopted. Owners who adopted a female dog suspected to be of mixed breeding were more likely to have the dog spayed than were owners who adopted a female dog that appeared purebred.
Toxicoses associated with the administration of mitoxantrone to dogs with malignant tumors: A dose escalation study
Authors: Ogilvie Gregory K. , Moore Antony S. , Chen Changhua , Ciekot Phyllis A. , Atwater Stephen W. , Bergman Philip J. , Walters Lisa M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Forty-four dogs with histologically confirmed malignant tumors were used in a prospective study to determine the toxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent mitoxantrone, when administered at dosages higher than what has been previously reported for use in dogs. After each dose was administered, dogs were evaluated for signs of toxicosis for 3 weeks or until the dog developed progressive disease, died, or was euthanatized. Forty dogs had been refractory to 1 or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 26; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 17; radiation, n = 2) prior to entering this study. Ten dogs were given mitoxantrone at a dosage of 5.5 mg/m2 of body surface, IV, every 3 weeks (39 total doses); 11 were given mitoxantrone at a dosage of 6.0 mg/m2, IV, every 3 weeks (26 total doses); and 23 were given mitoxantrone at a dosage of 6.5 mg/m2, IV, every 3 weeks (70 total doses).
The most common signs of toxicosis were vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, lethargy, and sepsis secondary to myelosuppression. Two dogs, both of which received the highest dosage, died of complications attributable to mitoxantrone administration. The prevalence of toxicoses was not associated with age, breed, sex, tumor type, number of doses, or dosage. Dogs did develop myelosuppression 7 days after they were given mitoxantrone. Median neutrophil count for dogs that received mitoxantrone at a dosage of 6.5 mg/m2 was 2,800 cells/μl (range, 300 to 4,600 cells/μl); median neutrophil count for dogs that received mitoxantrone at a dosage of 6.0 mg/m2 was 3,800 cells/μl (range, 600 to 10,400 cells/μl); and median neutrophil count for dogs that received mitoxantrone at a dosage of 5.5 mg/m2 was 4,500 cells/μl (range, 1,700 to 16,100 cells/μl).
Evaluation of mesenteric lymphangiography and thoracic duct ligation in cats with chylothorax: 19 cases (1987–1992)
Authors: Kerpsack Stephen J. , McLoughlin Mary A. , Birchard Stephen J. , Smeak Daniel D. , Biller David S. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Mesenteric lymphangiography and thoracic duct ligation were performed on 19 cats with chylothorax between 1987 to 1992. Chylothorax was diagnosed on the basis of detection of chylomicrons in the pleural effusion or determination of a cholesterol concentration:triglyceride concentration ratio of < 1 in the pleural fluid. Preoperative medical treatment consisted of thoracentesis (19 of 19 cats) and feeding a fat-restricted diet (14 of 19 cats). Positive-contrast mesenteric lymphangiography was performed before thoracic duct ligation to identify an underlying cause for the effusion. Lymphangiectasia was diagnosed by use of radiography in 17 cats, none of which had evidence of a thoracic duct rupture. Thoracic duct ligation was performed via an incision made through the left 10th intercostal space. Lymphangiography was repeated immediately after ligation of the thoracic duct to document occlusion of all branches.
Follow-up monitoring was done for 12 to 47 months (median, 28 months) and consisted of physical examination, evaluation for clinical signs related to pleural effusion, and thoracic radiography. Ten of 19 (53%) cats had complete resolution of pleural effusion. Nonchylous effusion, localized in the right hemithorax, was detected in 1 cat 2 months after thoracic duct ligation, but resolved after thoracotomy, breakdown of thoracic adhesions, and expansion of the right cranial lung lobe. Chylous effusion resolved 3 to 7 days (mean, 5.4 days) after surgery in the 10 cats that survived > 12 months after surgery. Four cats died between 2 and 13 days after thoracic duct ligation, but pleural effusion had resolved in 3 of these 4 cats at the time of death. Five cats were euthanatized 8 to 36 days after surgery because of persistent chylous effusion after thoracic duct ligation.
Risk factors for behavior-related euthanasia among dominant-aggressive dogs: 110 cases (1989–1992)
Authors: Reisner Ilana R. , Erb Hollis N. , Houpt Katherine A. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Establishing a prognosis for dogs with dominance-related aggression is difficult. Some dominant-aggressive dogs respond well to treatment; others continue to be serious risks for their owners. A study was performed to identify characteristics of dominance-related aggression and to identify risk factors associated with whether the aggressive behavior led to euthanasia. Medical records of 110 dogs with dominance-related aggression were examined retrospectively; characteristics of owner-directed aggression and eventual outcome of the dogs were recorded. By means of logistic regression, 2 different models were found to describe the association between behavior characteristics and outcome. In the first model, severe aggression in response to benign dominance challenges and body weight > 18.2 kg were associated with outcome. In the second model, unpredictability of aggression and a history of being purchased were associated with outcome. We concluded that dominance-related aggressive behavior can be subclassified according to severity and type and that outcome (ie, euthanasia) may be predictable in some cases.
Stringhalt secondary to trauma to the dorsoproximal region of the metatarsus in horses: 10 cases (1986–1991)
Authors: Crabill Mark R. , Honnas Clifford M. , Taylor D. Scott , Schumacher James , Watkins Jeffrey P. , Snyder Jack R. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
A review of medical records was used to identify 10 horses in which stringhalt developed subsequent to trauma to the dorsal metatarsus. Six horses developed stringhalt within 3 months after injury, 3 horses developed stringhalt > 3 months after injury, and time from injury to stringhalt was unknown for 1 horse. Horses were treated with exercise, including daily hand-walking with pasture turnout, followed by lunging; or surgically, using lateral digital extensor myotenectomy. Of the horses treated with exercise, 1 had resolution of stringhalt, 2 improved but had residual stringhalt, and 1 had no change. Two of the horses having lateral digital extensor myotenectomy had resolution of stringhalt. Two of the remaining 3 horses treated surgically had varying degrees of improvement, and in 1 horse there was no change. Stringhalt is a potential complication following trauma to the dorsal metatarsal region. Potential causes include tendon adhesions enhancing tarsocrural joint flexion or abnormalities in the myotatic reflex caused by tendon injury that result in abnormal flexion of the tarsocrural joint.
Comparison of fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvaccination sites in cats: 239 cases (1991–1992)
Authors: Hendrick Mattie J. , Shofer Frances S. , Goldschmidt Michael H. , Haviland Jean C. , Schelling Scott H. , Engler Stephen J. , Gliatto John M. 
Published: December 2023

Summary
Questionnaires were sent to veterinarians who had submitted a fibrosarcoma from a cat to the surgical pathology services of the veterinary schools of the University of Pennsylvania and Tufts University between Jan 1, 1991 and June 30, 1992. Questionnaire items included signalment, FeLV and feline immunodeficiency virus status, site of sarcoma, vaccination site, vaccines used, treatment, biologic behavior of the tumor, and final outcome. Data were analyzed, using Student’s t-test for continuous data, χ2 test for categoric data, and log-rank test for survival estimates. Comparing results for cats with vaccination-site (vs) tumors and nonvaccination-site (nvs) tumors, we determined that vs tumors developed in younger cats and were larger than nvs tumors. Although vs sarcomas were biologically aggressive and redeveloped more often than nvs sarcomas, metastasis was not detected, and cats with vs tumors survived longer than cats with nvs tumors.
Vaccination-site sarcomas developed in cats after injection of many types of vaccines, administered singularly or in combination. Of the cats in the vs group administered a single vaccine, 37% were given rabies, 33% were given feline viral rhinotracheitis/calicivirus/panleuhopenia virus, and 30% were given FeLV vaccines. Cats with vs tumors were more likely to have received FeLV vaccine and less likely to have received rabies vaccine than those with nvs tumors. Although vaccines produced by certain manufacturers were used most often in cats with vs and nvs sarcomas, it was believed that this probably represented marketing practices and brand popularity. Many of the vaccines used had aluminum and other highly immunogenic adjuvants. We hypothesized that resident fibroblasts and myofibroblasts proliferated in the cats in response to injected adjuvants or other vaccine components, and, in some cats, these cells eventually underwent neoplastic transformation.