bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of seasonal hypoxia and benthic boundary layer exchange on iron redox cycling on the Oregon shelf
Authors: Evans Natalya , Floback Alexis E. , Gaffney Justin , Chace Peter J. , Luna Zachary , Knoery Joël , Reimers Clare E. , Moffett James W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWidespread hypoxia occurs seasonally across the Oregon continental shelf, and the duration, intensity, and frequency of hypoxic events have increased in recent years. In hypoxic regions, iron reduction can liberate dissolved Fe(II) from continental shelf sediments. Fe(II) was measured in the water column across the continental shelf and slope on the Oregon coast during summer 2022 using both a trace metal clean rosette and a high‐resolution benthic gradient sampler. In the summer, Fe(II) concentrations were exceptionally high (40–60 nM) within bottom waters and ubiquitous across the Oregon shelf, reflecting the low oxygen condition (40–70 μM) at that time. The observed inverse correlation between Fe(II) and bottom water oxygen concentrations is in agreement with expectations based on previous work that demonstrates oxygen is a major determinant of benthic Fe fluxes. Rapid attenuation of Fe(II) from the benthic boundary layer (within 1 m of the seafloor) probably reflects efficient cross‐shelf advection. One region, centered around Heceta Bank (~ 44°N) acts a hotspot for Fe release on the Oregon continental shelf, likely due to its semi‐retentive nature and high percent mud content in sediment. The results suggest that hypoxia is an important determinant of the inventory of iron is Oregon shelf waters and thus ultimately controls the importance of continental margin‐derived iron to the interior of the North Pacific Basin.
Sulfonate‐Containing Polyelectrolytes for Perovskite Modification: Chemical Configuration, Property, and Performance
Authors: Wu Bo , Wan Qingbo , Wang Yue , Wu Xiang , Zhu Zhiguo , Gao Deqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThree sulfonate‐containing polyelectrolytes are elaborately designed and used to passivate perovskite film with the anti‐solvent method. Under the influence of the secondary monomer, three copolymers present various chemical configurations and deliver different modification effects. Fluorene‐thiophene copolymer STF has linear and highly‐conjugated chain. STF‐perovskite film presents large crystal grains. Fluorene‐carbazole copolymer SCF has flexible chain and easily enters into grain boundary areas. SCF‐perovskite film is homogenous and continuous. Fluorene‐fluorene copolymer SPF agglomerates on the surface and is not applicable to the anti‐solvent method. The full investigation demonstrates that STF and SCF not only conduct surface defect passivation, but also improve the film quality by being involved in the perovskite's crystallization process. Compared with the control device, the devices with STF and SCF deliver high efficiency and excellent stability. The unencapsulated devices with STF and SCT maintain ≈80% of the initial power conversion efficiency (PCE) after 40 days of storage under 30–40% relative humidity. SCF performs better and the device maintains 60% of the initial PCE after 20 days of storage under 60–80% relative humidity.
Functional Brain Networks of Minor and Well‐Structured Major Hallucinations in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Baik Kyoungwon , Kim Yae Ji , Park Mincheol , Chung Seok Jong , Sohn Young H. , Jeong Yong , Lee Phil Hyu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMinor hallucinations (mHs) and well‐structured major hallucinations (MHs) are common symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) psychosis.ObjectivesTo investigate the resting‐state networks (RSNs) in patients with PD without hallucinations (PD‐nH), with mH (PD‐mH), and with MH (PD‐MH).MethodsA total of 73 patients with PD were enrolled (27 PD‐nH, 23 PD‐mH, and 23 PD‐MH). Using seed‐based functional connectivity analyses, we investigated the RSNs supposedly related to hallucinations in PD: the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), dorsal attention network (DAN), ventral attention network (VAN), and visual network (VN). We compared the cognitive function and RSN connectivity among the three groups. In addition, we performed a seed‐to‐seed analysis to examine the inter‐network connectivity within each group using the corresponding RSN seeds.ResultsPD‐MH group had lower test scores for attention and visuospatial functions compared with those in the other groups. The connectivity of the right intracalcarine cortex within the DAN was lower in the PD‐MH group than in the others. The PD‐mH and PD‐MH groups showed higher connectivity in the left orbitofrontal cortex within DMN compared with the PD‐nH group, whereas the connectivity was lower in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) within ECN, precuneus cortex within VAN, right middle temporal gyrus and precuneus cortex within DAN, and left MFG within VN. The PD‐mH and PD‐MH groups showed different inter‐network connectivity between the five RSNs, especially regarding DAN connectivity.ConclusionsDAN dysfunction may be a key factor in the progression from mH to MH in patients with PD. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
7 T characterization of excitatory and inhibitory systems of acute pain in healthy female participants
Authors: Nichols Steven J. , Yanes Julio A. , Reid Meredith A. , Robinson Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrent understanding of the physiological underpinnings of normative pain processing is incomplete. Enhanced knowledge of these systems is necessary to advance our understanding of pain processes as well as to develop effective therapeutic interventions. Previous neuroimaging research suggests a network of interrelated brain regions that seem to be implicated in the processing and experience of pain. Among these, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays an important role in the affective aspects of pain signals. The current study leveraged functional MRS to investigate the underlying dynamic shifts in the neurometabolic signature of the human dACC at rest and during acute pain. Results provide support for increased glutamate levels following acute pain administration. Specifically, a 4.6% increase in glutamate was observed during moderate pressure pain compared with baseline. Exploratory analysis also revealed meaningful changes in dACC gamma aminobutyric acid in response to pain stimulation. These data contribute toward the characterization of neurometabolic shifts, which lend insight into the role of the dACC in the pain network. Further research in this area with larger sample sizes could contribute to the development of novel therapeutics or other advances in pain‐related outcomes.
ERT data assimilation to characterize aquifer hydraulic conductivity heterogeneity through a heat‐tracing experiment
Authors: Shariatinik Benyamin , Gloaguen Erwan , Raymond Jasmin , Boutin Louis‐Charles , Fabien‐Ouellet Gabriel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGeothermal energy systems, such as heat pumps relying on aquifers, use renewable sources of energy that are accessible in urban areas. It is necessary to characterize the subsurface hydraulic properties prior to the installation of such systems. In this context, a heat‐tracing experiment is a typical field test that can help with the characterization of the subsurface. During a heat‐tracing experiment, monitoring with downhole temperature sensors, water‐level pressure transducers and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can be used to help characterize the hydrogeological properties. Previous monitoring tools have shortcomings, such as low‐resolution data and over‐smoothing; thus, they fail to reproduce the heterogeneity of hydrogeological properties. Ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a promising tool that can overcome the over‐smoothing problem to replicate the hydrogeological property heterogeneity. In this work, we proposed a new procedure to assimilate time‐lapse cross‐borehole ERT data into a numerical model of groundwater flow and heat transfer, where the groundwater is extracted and heated water is reinjected into an unconfined sandy‐gravel aquifer. The finite element model (FEFLOW 7.3) of groundwater flow and heat transfer is integrated with petrophysical relationship and electrical forward modelling (ResIPy) to estimate cross‐borehole ERT measurements. Then, the estimated apparent resistivity is assimilated to update the hydraulic conductivity model using EnKF. The results of the application of the proposed approach to an experimental site located in Quebec City (Canada) demonstrate that the heterogeneity of K is correctly reproduced as the updated K model is reasonably consistent with the lithological log. In addition, the proposed approach was able to replicate the cross‐borehole ERT field and temperature measurements. The comparison between prior and posterior distribution of K with slug test results shows that the EnKF made the final (assimilated) distribution of K move towards K values inferred with slug tests.
A micropolar model accounting for asymmetric behavior of cold‐box sand in relation to tensile and compression tests
Authors: Börger Alexander , Mahnken Rolf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCold‐box sand (CBS) belongs to the granular materials and consists of sand and a binder. The behavior of CBS is simulated with a micropolar model, whereby the additional degree of freedom of the model describes the rotation of the sand grains. The model is used to generate a shear band under pressure for three different meshes, where the force‐displacement curves of the three meshes converge so that no mesh dependence occurs. Another requirement of the model is the consideration of asymmetric behavior for compression and tension. Due to the additional degree of freedom the implicit implementation of the micropolar continuum is very time‐consuming. Therefore, an explicit implementation is considered as an alternative possibility. This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of both methods and the results for both calculations.
Lightweight nitrogen‐doped phenolic composites with enhanced thermal ablation‐insulation performance by improving pyrolysis gas blocking effect
Authors: Cao Junxiang , Qian Zhen , Wang Peng , Zhang Yayun , Niu Bo , Long Donghui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLightweight phenolic ablative composites are considered to be the most reliable materials for thermal protection systems. However, improving the thermal ablation‐insulation performance of heritage phenolic aerogel‐based ablators for extremely complex environments is still necessary. Herein, from the perspective of enhancing the gas‐blocking effect, we design and fabricate a series of needle quartz fiber‐reinforced melamine‐phenolic aerogels (NQF/MPAs) composites by polycondensation of melamine and phenolic in a sol–gel process, followed by ambient drying. The effects of melamine content on the comprehensive performance are analyzed. The prepared nitrogen‐doped phenolic aerogel composites exhibit low density of 440–490 kg/m3, high tensile strength of 36.3–39.1 MPa, and low thermal conductivity of 0.041–0.043 W/(m·K) at room temperature. Simultaneously, the modified composite exhibits excellent high‐temperature insulation property with lower equivalent thermal conductivity of 0.045 W/(m·K) at 1000°C. In arc wind tunnel testing of 130 kW/m2 for 1000 s, the linear recession rates of the composites show a great improvement from 3.7 × 10−6 to 2.5 × 10−6 m/s with the proper introduction of melamine. Furthermore, a one‐dimensional finite element model is stablished, which indicate the introduction of melamine can significantly improve the mass flow rate of pyrolysis gas and the corresponding block factor is enhanced from 0.958 to 0.848.Highlights
Economic sol–gel method and ambient drying for composites production.
Phenolic aerogel‐based ablative composite with enhanced gas blocking effect.
The pyrolysis gas blocking effect is controllable with melamine content.
Combined experimental‐simulation approach for ablators designing.
Limited additional value of karyotyping cultured amniotic fluid cell colonies in addition to microarray on uncultured cells for confirmation of abnormal non‐invasive prenatal testing results
Authors: Donze Stephany H. , Srebniak Malgorzata I. , Diderich Karin E. M. , van den Born Myrthe , Galjaard Robert‐Jan , Govaerts Lutgarde C. P. , van der Schoot Vyne , Knapen Maarten F. C. M. , Joosten Marieke , Van Opstal Diane 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesNon‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) allows the detection of placental chromosome aberrations. To verify whether the fetus also has the chromosome aberration, diagnostic follow‐up testing is required. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the added value of analyzing amniotic fluid (AF) cell cultures in addition to uncultured AF cells for the detection of fetal mosaicism.MethodNIPT was performed as part of the Dutch TRIDENT study. Cytogenetic studies in uncultured AF were performed using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐array. Cultured AF cell colonies (in situ method) were investigated with fluorescent in situ hybridization and/or karyotyping. Clinical outcome data were collected in cases with discordant results.ResultsBetween April 2014 and December 2021, 368 amniocenteses were performed after a chromosomal aberration was detected with NIPT. Excluding 134 cases of common aneuploidies (confirmed by quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction), 29 cases with investigation of uncultured cells only and 1 case without informed consent, 204 cases were eligible for this study. In 196 (96%) cases, the results in uncultured and cultured cells were concordant normal, abnormal or mosaic. Five cases (2%) showed mosaicism in cultured AF cells, whereas uncultured AF cells were normal. Two (1%) of these, one mosaic trisomy 13 and one mosaic trisomy 16, were considered true fetal mosaics.ConclusionThe added value of investigating AF cell cultures in addition to uncultured cells is limited to two of 204 (1%) cases in which true fetal mosaicsm would otherwise be missed. The clinical relevance of one (trisomy 13) remained unknown and the other case also showed ultrasound anomalies, which determined pregnancy management. This seems to justify limiting prenatal cytogenetic confirmatory testing to SNP arrays on uncultured AF cells, considerably shortening the reporting time.
Renal and extra‐renal phenotypes in a fetus with a de novo pathogenic variant in the HNF1B gene
Authors: Tse Wing Ting , Cao Ye , Lam Pensi Ping Hei , Law Kwok Ming , Choy Kwong Wai , Ting Yuen Ha 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report a fetus with prenatal ultrasound at 21 gestational weeks showing left cystic renal dysplasia with subcapsular cysts and echogenic parenchyma, right echogenic kidney with absent corticomedullary differentiation, and left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) with bowel herniation, with intestinal atresia (IA) found on postmortem examination. Whole genome sequencing of fetal blood DNA revealed a heterozygous pathogenic variant c.344 + 2 T>G in the HNF1B gene (NM_000458). Sanger sequencing of the parental samples suggested that it arose de novo in the fetus. HNF1B‐associated disorders affect multiple organs with significant phenotypic heterogeneity. In pediatric and adult patients, renal cystic disease and cystic dysplasia are the dominant phenotypes. In prenatal settings, renal anomaly is also the most common presentation, typically with bilateral hyperechogenic kidneys. Our case presented with two uncommon extra‐renal phenotypes of CDH and IA besides the typical bilateral cystic renal dysplasia. This association has been reported in fetuses with 17q12 microdeletion but not with HNF1B point mutation. Our case is the first prenatal report of such an association and highlights the possible causal relationship of HNF1B defects with CDH and IA in addition to the typical renal anomalies.
Is reversal of anticoagulants necessary in neurologically intact traumatic intracranial hemorrhage?
Authors: Powell Kelly , Curtiss William , Sadek Erin , Hecht Jason 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionFalls are the leading cause of injury in older individuals, with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) being a common complication. Anticoagulants, such as vitamin K antagonist and direct oral anticoagulants, are increasingly utilized, and clinicians may question the necessity of reversal in patients with minor ICH, especially in the setting of increased risk of adverse events. This study aimed to identify a population of patients with minor traumatic ICH at low risk for poor‐neurologic status where anticoagulant reversal may not improve outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized data accessed from 35 trauma centers from 2018 to 2021. Patients included had a preinjury anticoagulant regimen, ICH due to blunt trauma, Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15, an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) head score from 2 to 4, and an AIS of ≤1 for non‐head regions within 24 h of hospital arrival. Patients were excluded if they required an emergent neurosurgical procedure or were on a preinjury purinergic‐P2 receptor‐12 protein (P2Y12) inhibitor. The primary outcome was the rate of in‐hospital mortality or hospice.ResultsThere were 654 patients on preinjury anticoagulation who were included with a minor traumatic ICH without neurologic deficits. Overall, 263 patients were reversed and 391 were not reversed. Twelve (4.6%) patients with in‐hospital mortality or hospice were reversed compared with 19 (4.91%) patients who were not reversed (p = 0.861). A composite of hospital complications occurred in 21 (8%) reversed patients and 34 (8.7%) not reversed patients (p = 0.748). The average intensive care unit length of stay was 1.4 ± 3.4 days in the reversed group and 1.1 ± 1.8 days in the not reversed group (p = 0.069).ConclusionThis study found no difference in hospital outcomes between patients with minor traumatic ICH on oral anticoagulants who were neurologically intact that were reversed versus those who were not reversed. Further studies should continue to define the subset of traumatic ICH patients who may not require reversal of anticoagulation.
One‐pot synthesis, thermal analysis, and density functional theory study of methyl urotropine perchlorate
Authors: Zhao Meihua , Cao Jun , Chen Jun , Xu Jiani , Xiao Tingting , Ma Peng , Ma Congming 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn energetic material methyl urotropine perchlorate (MUTP) was synthesized from urotropine, perchloric acid, and triethylenediamine. The single crystal structure of the energetic salt was characterized by X‐ray single crystal diffractometer. The results show that the single crystal of MUTP is an orthogonal crystal system with Pnma space group. The thermal decomposition process of MUTP was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technology. There were two exothermic peaks in TGA and DSC test, and the peak temperatures (Tp) were 261.61°C and 366.75°C, respectively. The thermal stability of MUTP was up to 247.10°C. Geometric optimization, frontier molecular orbitals, electrostatic potential (ESP), and weak interaction were explored by density functional theory using Gaussian 16. It is found that MUTP has a large energy gap (5.94 eV), which is larger than that of HMX (5.84 eV). The results of reduced density gradient method show that there are dense hydrogen bond interactions in MUTP with high electron density and intensity. In addition, a strong spatial repulsion is formed at the center of the cage.
Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate promotes wound healing response in diabetic mice by activating keratinocytes and promoting re‐epithelialization
Authors: Ning Yongling , Yuan Zhiying , Wang Qing , He Jia , Zhu Weidong , Ren Dan‐ni , Wo Da 
Published: December 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder that causes numerous complications including impaired wound healing and poses a significant challenge for the management of diabetic patients. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is a natural polyphenol that exhibits anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative benefits in skin wounds, however, the direct effect of EGCG on epidermal keratinocytes, the primary cells required for re‐epithelialization in wound healing remains unknown. Our study aims to examine the underlying mechanisms of EGCG's ability to promote re‐epithelialization and wound healing in T2D‐induced wounds. Murine models of wound healing in T2D were established via feeding high‐fat high‐fructose diet (HFFD) and the creation of full‐thickness wounds. Mice were administered daily with EGCG or vehicle to examine the wound healing response and underlying molecular mechanisms of EGCG's protective effects. Systemic administration of EGCG in T2D mice robustly accelerated the wound healing response following injury. EGCG induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) and promoted cytokeratin 16 (K16) expression to activate epidermal keratinocytes and robustly promoted re‐epithelialization of wounds in diabetic mice. Further, EGCG demonstrated high binding affinity with Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1), thereby inhibiting KEAP1‐mediated degradation of NRF2. Our findings provide important evidence that EGCG accelerates the wound healing response in diabetic mice by activating epidermal keratinocytes, thereby promoting re‐epithelialization of wounds via K16/NRF2/KEAP1 signaling axis. These mechanistic insights into the protective effects of EGCG further suggest its therapeutic potential as a promising drug for treating chronic wounds in T2D.
The laser‐cooling of low‐lying states of gold‐aluminum MRCI+Q study including spin‐orbit coupling
Authors: Zhu Yu‐Hao , Li Rui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe possible laser cooling of AuAl molecules was investigated using high‐level ab initio calculations and considering the spin‐orbit coupling effect. Multi‐reference configuration interaction and the Davidson correction were also employed. Six Λ‐S electronic states were obtained, which were divided into 14 Ω states via spin‐orbit coupling. The optical transition showed potential for laser‐cooling applications owing to its highly diagonal Franck‐Condon factors and larger vibrational branching ratios. A possible optical cycling scheme using four lasers at near‐resonance wavelengths to eliminate vibrational branching loss is proposed. This scheme can be experimentally tested in future laser‐cooling experiments.
Density functional theory study of the adsorption of NO on CunX (n = 2–8; X = Cu, K) clusters
Authors: Cheng Yan , Shi Shunping , Song Yong , Liu Bingxin , Yao Chunyu , Jiang Jing , Li Yong , Chen Deliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDensity functional theory calculations are performed to analyze the structure and stability of Cu and Cu‐K clusters with 3 to 9 atoms. The results indicate that the stability of the clusters decreases after doping with a K atom. With the increase of cluster size, the stability of the clusters shows odd‐even alternation. Cu8 and Cu7K clusters exhibit the highest stability. Next, different adsorption sites are considered to investigate the geometry of CunNO and Cun−1KNO clusters. By calculating the adsorption energy and the HOMO‐LUMO energy gap, it is determined that both types of reactions are exothermic processes, indicating stable adsorption of NO. Notably, the CunK clusters are more active (stronger adsorption) for NO than the Cun clusters. The most chemically active clusters among CunNO and Cun−1KNO clusters are Cu8NO and Cu7KNO clusters. Finally, electron transfer and Mayer bond order analysis of Cu8NO and Cu7KNO clusters reveal that the NO bond order decreases due to electron transfer when Cu/Cu‐K clusters adsorb NO. In this process, the N atom is the electron donor and the Cu atom is the electron acceptor. Fundamental insights obtained in this study can be useful in the design of Cu/Cu‐K catalysts.