bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral Sensitivity and Beliefs in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Farahani Mohammad Shahrabi , Daneshfard Babak , Johari Zahra , Yarmohammadi Hossein , Soltanipur Masood , Iranzadasl Maryam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Apart from healthcare concerns, the COVID-19 pandemic has also brought up ethical challenges. This study aimed to shed light on one of the ethical questions regarding medical students' responsibilities during the current pandemic.
Methods
An online anonymous questionnaire was applied to ask Iranian stagers and interns about their demographics and beliefs toward ethical responsibilities during the pandemic. Data were gathered in two phases; before and after COVID-19 vaccination. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.
Results
At the end of the study, 95 and 264 students participated in the first and second phases, respectively. The mean moral sensitivity score was 38.11 ± 4.88 in the first phase and 35.39 ± 4.9 in the second phase (p-value < 0.001). Among the participating students, 60 (63.2%) believed that it is their ethical responsibility to contribute to patient care at the hospital. The majority of students believed it was their ethical responsibility to contribute to the management of patients during the pandemic at both phases (63% and 71%, p-value = 0.15). In the multivariate analysis, age and ethical responsibility were related to moral sensitivity in the first phase. Age, sex, being worried about getting COVID-19, and ethical responsibility had a relationship with moral sensitivity score.
Conclusion
The moral sensitivity of medical students had a relationship with their belief in ethical responsibility. To improve moral reasoning and moral motivation, the adaptation of the medical ethics course with new challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic and emphasizing their usefulness at the hospital during the crisis could be helpful.
Autonomous docking manoeuvre Testing in the framework of the ERMES experiment
Authors: Bortotto Alessandro , Agli Giuliano Degli , Pozzato Nicola , Dignani Mattia , Favotto Federico , Mattiazzi Fabio , Mihailovic Miroljub , Branz Francesco , Olivieri Lorenzo , Caon Alex , Lion Luca , Basana Federico , Francesconi Alessandro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The advent of the recent ”New Space Economy” allowed access to low-Earth orbits to a rising number of commercial enterprises, non-profit groups, and educational institutions. As a consequence, the global small satellite market has grown substantially, since they have proven to be a suitable low-cost alternative for several space missions and technological demonstrations. In this context, proximity operation systems for autonomous small satellites are continuously under investigation, due to their effectiveness for many applications.
Experimental Rendezvous in Microgravity Environment Study (ERMES) is a student project, which aimed at testing an autonomous docking manoeuvre between two free-flying CubeSats mock-ups in a reduced gravity environment. The manoeuvre is characterized by an active Chaser and cooperative Target approach. In particular, the Chaser is equipped with a cold gas propulsive system based on expendable CO2 cartridges for 3-dimensional manoeuvring, whereas the Target has a set of reaction wheels for attitude control. The magnetic post-manoeuvre connection is achieved thanks to a dedicated miniaturized docking interface. Moreover, the reduced gravity conditions have been achieved by participating in the European Space Agency (ESA) 79th Parabolic Flight Campaign thanks to the selection in the ESA Fly Your Thesis! Programme 2022 (FYT).
This article depicts an overview of the ERMES experiment, discussing its core objective and key design solutions, up to analyzing the results of the tests carried out during the aforementioned Parabolic Flight Campaign. Relevant focus is dedicated to the investigation of the functionality and effectiveness of the Guidance Navigation and Control (GNC) system of the Chaser.
AI-Driven Intelligent Transportation Systems in the Age of 5G/6G Networks
Authors: Musa Usman Ibrahim , Gupta Sakshi , Mensah Queen Emmanuella 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A multitude of challenges confront Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) due to the rapid growth in demand for wireless connectivity, the more diverse and het- erogeneous nature of 5G network traffic, and the likelihood of 6G being even more complicated. This research offers an AI-driven approach created especially for ITS in the context of 5G/6G networks to overcome these challenges. The goal of the research is to create a customised prediction model for traffic forecasting in ITS by analysing the efficiency of the 5G/6G network. Our proposed model, known as Refinished Long Short-Term Memory (RLSTM), employs AI methods to produce precise predictions. It dynamically adjusts hidden units and layers for enhanced accuracy. To tackle 5G traffic’s unpredictability, the model utilizes seasonal time differences to stabilize the output sequence from the original time series. Exper- imental analyses show that the RLSTM algorithm significantly improves the 5G traffic prediction performance when compared to conventional methods. This AI-driven concept offers a potentially effective way to address problems with Intelligent Transport Systems in the context of 5G networks. Its capacity for providing precise predictions enables better decision-making for efficient traffic management.
Association between CTLA-4 +49A/G (rs231775) polymorphism and the risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xin , Qi Huilan , Wang Chunlan , Chen Yanlin , Li Qian , Xie Hailin , Li Jinmei , Wang Fang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have investigated the association between CTLA-4 + rs23177549A/G gene polymorphism and the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), but there are some conflicting findings among those studies. This study aimed to summarize relevant evidence available regarding the association of CTLA-4 + rs23177549A/G gene polymorphism and AITD.
Materials and Methods
An extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for pertinent papers published up until January 24th, 2022. We included all the case-control studies that investigatedthe association between the rs23177549A/G gene polymorphism and susceptibility to AITD.
Results
46 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis in total. Our results indicated that CTLA-4 + rs23177549A/G polymorphism was not associated with increased susceptibility to AITD. No significant association with CTLA-4 + rs231775 49A/G polymorphism was detected for the risk of Graves' disease and HT. Subgroup analysis by race showed significant association in Asians, except in the recessive genetic model.
Conclusion
There was no significant association between the CTLA-4 + rs2317749A/G polymorphism and the risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Has heterogeneous environmental regulation promoted a cleaner transition in China's energy consumption structure?
Authors: Chang Hongwang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
At present, the world energy resources map is undergoing profound changes. Global energy technology is brewing a profound change, and all countries are committed to the transition to green and low-carbon energy. This paper refers to the study of Acemoglu (2012) and discusses the impact of heterogeneous environmental regulations on the energy consumption structure at the theoretical level by building a two-sector model that includes both clean energy and traditional energy outputs. Then, based on China's provincial panel data from 2007 to 2020, we examine the impact of heterogeneous environmental regulations on the structure of energy consumption using fixed effects and double difference methods. It is found that the double substitution and decarbonisation effects of command-and-control environmental regulations on energy are not significant due to the influence of regional resource endowment and the level of regional economic development. However, market-incentivised environmental regulation significantly reduces the proportion of coal consumption, strengthens the substitution effect of clean energy for nonclean energy, and significantly improves the decarbonisation index of the energy consumption structure. This paper provides more theoretical support and empirical evidence for the government to use heterogeneous environmental regulations to promote energy consumption structure transformation.
Intelligent Detection Method of Microparticle Virus in Silk-worm Based on YOLOv8 Improved Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yinguang , Su Jianhuan , Wang Teng , Xu Chuan , Yu Ao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The presence of microparticle viruses seriously affects the quality of silkworm seed for domestic sericulture, so it is important to exclude them from detection in silkworm seed production. The traditional methods for detecting microparticle viruses in silkworms are manual microscopic observation, molecular biology, immunological approach, etc., which are cumbersome steps and cannot achieve intelligent detection and batch real-time detection. The YOLOv8 algorithm is used in this paper to address this problem. Firstly, NAM attention is introduced in the original algorithm's Backbone part. Therefore, the model can extract more generic information about features. Secondly, ODConv is used to replace Conv in the Head part of the original algorithm to enhance the model's ability to identify microparticle viruses. Finally, NWD-LOSS is used to modify the CIOU loss of the original algorithm to obtain a more accurate prediction box. The experiments indicate that the NN-YOLOv8 model is more accurate in detecting silkworm microparticle disease than mainstream detection algorithms. For a single image, the average detection time is 22.6 milliseconds, it has better prospects for future applications.
Aluminum-Doping Enhances the Photocatalytic Activity of CdFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Effective Removal of the Herbicide Atrazine
Authors: Yasar Muhammad , KHAN ZAHRA 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The successful synthesis of aluminum-doped cadmium ferrite Cd1AlxFe2 − XO4 (x = 0,0.2) via a facile sol-gel technique. Characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, DRS, Resistivity, and BET, these nanoparticles exhibit enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity towards atrazine removal in water. A clear peak at (311) verified the presence of a single-phase FFC spinel ferrite structure, with Al doping influencing surface area (32.53 vs 14.43 m2/g for undoped), band gap (2.6 eV vs. 2.8 eV), and morphology. FTIR analysis reveals two main absorption peaks at 537 cm− 1 (ν1) and 453 cm− 1 (ν2), corresponding to the intrinsic stretching vibrations of tetrahedral and octahedral sites, respectively. Aluminum doping shifts these peaks 453 cm− 1 (ν2) TO 449 and 537 cm− 1 (ν1) TO 531 cm− 1, indicating changes in bond lengths and angles within the crystal structure. SEM reveals small, well-defined Al-doped particles and diminutive, smooth undoped counterparts. The existence of Cd, Fe, Al, and O elements is confirmed by EDX analysis. Hydroxyl radicals (OH•) are identified as the primary atrazine degradation species via scavenger analysis. Al doping significantly enhances atrazine removal (97% vs. 72.46% with undoped), attributed to the reduced band gap facilitating visible light absorption The first-order plot fits the data better than the second-order plot, as evidenced by the higher R2 value (0.995 vs. 0.840). Furthermore, the Al-doped nanoparticles demonstrate excellent stability over five reuse cycles, highlighting their potential for sustainable water purification. Their eco-friendly composition and cost-effective synthesis suggest promising applicability in environmental remediation technologies.
Short Video Recommendation through Multimodal Feature Fusion with Attention Mechanism
Authors: Langlois Jaxon , Dupuis Callum , St-Pierre Nikolai , Hollis Maeve 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To address the issue of information overload, recommendation systems have emerged. These systems analyze user attributes and historical behavior to gain profound insights into user needs, thereby filtering and selecting content that aligns with those needs. Challenges in Applying Traditional Recommendation Methods to Video Recommendation: Addressing issues such as cold start problems, sparsity, and over-specialization when traditional recommendation methods are applied to video recommendation. Different Recommendation Modes: This includes sorting-based video recommendations, recommendations based on video summaries, and multi-modal or cross-modal recommendations. This paper primarily focuses on attention-based feature representation models at the feature level, learning features from different perspectives. Simultaneously, addressing the specific scenario of short video recommendations, where current approaches often rely on user preferences, user behavior, and other metadata for recommendations, neglecting the content of the short videos themselves, leading to a severe cold start problem and resulting in the neglect of most short videos. Hence, building upon efficient feature representation, this paper considers short video content and social relationships to explore user preferences from multimodal video content and social connections, enhancing the model's predictive accuracy.
The Second Omega Index
Authors: Ozalan Nurten Urlu , Cevik Ahmet Sinan , Cangul Ismail Naci 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The omega index has been recently introduced to identify a variety of
topological and combinatorial aspects of a graph with a new viewpoint. As a continuing study
of the omega index, by considering the incidence of edges and vertices to the adjacency of the
vertices, in this paper, we have introduced the second omega index Ω2 and then computed it
over some well-known graph classes.

Methods:
Many combinatorial counting methods have been utilized in the proofs. The edge
partition is frequently used throughout the work. Naturally, some graph theoretical lemmas are
also used.

Results:
In particular, trees having the smallest and largest Ω2 have been constructed. Finally,
the second omega index of some derived graphs, such as line graphs, subdivision graphs, and
vertex-semitotal graphs, has been presented.

Conclusion:
Omega invariant has already been explored in many papers. It has been defined
in terms of vertex degrees. Vertices correspond to the atoms in a molecule and a calculation,
which only depends on the atomic parameters, is not even comparable with a calculation containing both atoms and chemical bonds between them. With this idea in mind, we have evaluated some mathematical properties of the second omega index, which has great potential in
chemical applications related to the number of cycles in the molecular graph.
Confidence Interval: Advantages, Disadvantages and the Dilemma of
Interpretation
Authors: Sharma Pramod K. , Yadav Mamta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Confidence interval (CI) is one of the important reporting tools for research data as it
not only provides valuable information about the effect size along with its width but also
possible clinical significance. Unfortunately, this approach is not being utilized to its fullest
extent. Determining point estimate always includes an element of uncertainty due to associated
sampling error. A confidence interval may be an appropriate tool to measure this uncertainty.
Further, the P value does not convey information about the magnitude of an effect and the error
associated with it. Thus, in an ideal situation effect size should preferably be associated with a
confidence interval to assess precision. Not only does CI let us assess likely effects but also
decides whether the intervention applied could have clinical utility. In contrast, the P-value limits
our option to either reject any differences that are not significant or accept those that are.
However, confidence intervals are commonly misinterpreted. It is imperative to understand that
the CI is not the range of effects that 95% of patients in the population exhibit. Moreover, it
would also be erroneous to say that there is a 95% probability that the CI includes the true
population effect. Interpretation is usually based on the context in which the confidence interval
is being looked at. From a utility point of view and like other statistical tools confidence interval
approach does have several advantages as well as disadvantages and is far beyond being a
perfect statistical tool.
New Record of Two Medicinal Plants, Exallage Auricularia and Gomphostemma
Ovatum, from Ultapani Reserve Forest, Northeast India
Authors: Baglary Gouri Rani , Basumatary Twinkle , Islary Anuck , Kumar Santosh 
Published: December 2023

Aim::
This report discusses two medicinal plants, namely Exallage auricularia (L.) Bremek from Rubiaceae family and Gomphostemma ovatum Wall
from Lamiaceae family from Ultapani Reserve Forest of Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) of Assam, India, are recorded, described, and
identified based on their morphological characters, taxonomical notes, phenology, and field photos along with map of distribution.

Methods::
The local Bodo-trib of Assam used leaf paste of E. auricularia to cure jaundice and piles and G. ovatum for treatment of different ailments like flu,
cough, cold, skin irritations, symptoms of indigestion, jaundice, etc.

Results::
Inflorescence - verticillaster inflorescence in leaf axil, 3 to many flowers, 2 to 5 cm long. Flowers are born in opposite cymes, subtended by bracts,
easily indistinguishable from leaves, and the arrangement of flowers is congested or lax. Bracts - leaf-like small cluster, subtending cyme,
involucral bracts, stellate hairs, large bracteoles exceeding the calyx.

Conclusion::
G. ovatum is a perennial plant that can grow up to around 1.5 m tall and has tuber-like roots with infrequent node-level rooting.
Formulation and Evaluation of Gel Containing Nigella sativa Seed Extract
Loaded Transferosomes for Effective Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Sahu Ravish , Sharma Neeraj Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Psoriasis vulgaris is an autoimmune associated skin disease causing
plaques or scales formation where the skin cells form quicker than in their typical life cycle. The
phenolic phytoconstituents reported in Nigella sativa are effective for the treatment of skin disorders. Transfersomes is an emerging nanoencapsulation drug delivery approach which can squeeze
themselves due to its elastic nature as an intact vesicle across narrow pores. It improves the potency
of topical formulations with higher permeation efficiencies compared to other vesicular drug delivery systems.

Objective:
This research work focused to prepare Nigella sativa or black seed extract loaded transfersomes as nanoformulation and further incorporating them in the gel system to give improved
therapeutic efficacy due to their self-regulating and self-optimizing capabilities.

Methods:
The phenolic content of Nigella sativa or black seed was extracted in ethanol and the
solvent was removed using a vacuum with suitable storage conditions at 22ºC. Transfersomes of
ethanol extract were prepared by thin layer hydration method and further incorporated into gel formulations. The ant-psoriasis activity of prepared gel formulation was performed with histopathology
study in the Imiquimod induced albino rat model.

Results:
A nanoformulation prepared with 0.85 mg lecithin and 0.10 mg tween 80 has the highest
entrapment efficiency. The entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of optimized transferosomes batch were found to be 69.3 ± 2.6%, 178 ± 11 nm, 1.1 ± 0.2, -29.4
mV, respectively. Anti-psoriatic activity of N. sativa seed extract loaded transfersomes showed a
more significant reduction in thickness of the epidermis and less elongation of rete ridges with capillary loop dilation as compared to conventional gel formulation.

Conclusion:
We concluded that the Nigella sativa seed ethanolic extract loaded transfersomes gel
formulation showed significant ant-psoriasis activity in an albino rat model.
Examining Human-Smartphone Interaction as a Proxy for Circadian Rhythm in Patients With Insomnia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lin Chen , Chen I-Ming , Chuang Hai-Hua , Wang Zih-Wen , Lin Hsiao-Han , Lin Yu-Hsuan 
Published: December 2023

Background
The sleep and circadian rhythm patterns associated with smartphone use, which are influenced by mental activities, might be closely linked to sleep quality and depressive symptoms, similar to the conventional actigraphy-based assessments of physical activity.

Objective
The primary objective of this study was to develop app-defined circadian rhythm and sleep indicators and compare them with actigraphy-derived measures. Additionally, we aimed to explore the clinical correlations of these indicators in individuals with insomnia and healthy controls.

Methods
The mobile app “Rhythm” was developed to record smartphone use time stamps and calculate circadian rhythms in 33 patients with insomnia and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy controls, totaling 2097 person-days. Simultaneously, we used standard actigraphy to quantify participants’ sleep-wake cycles. Sleep indicators included sleep onset, wake time (WT), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and the number of awakenings (NAWK). Circadian rhythm metrics quantified the relative amplitude, interdaily stability, and intradaily variability based on either smartphone use or physical activity data.

Results
Comparisons between app-defined and actigraphy-defined sleep onsets, WTs, total sleep times, and NAWK did not reveal any significant differences (all P>.05). Both app-defined and actigraphy-defined sleep indicators successfully captured clinical features of insomnia, indicating prolonged WASO, increased NAWK, and delayed sleep onset and WT in patients with insomnia compared with healthy controls. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were positively correlated with WASO and NAWK, regardless of whether they were measured by the app or actigraphy. Depressive symptom scores were positively correlated with app-defined intradaily variability (β=9.786, SD 3.756; P=.01) and negatively correlated with actigraphy-based relative amplitude (β=–21.693, SD 8.214; P=.01), indicating disrupted circadian rhythmicity in individuals with depression. However, depressive symptom scores were negatively correlated with actigraphy-based intradaily variability (β=–7.877, SD 3.110; P=.01) and not significantly correlated with app-defined relative amplitude (β=–3.859, SD 12.352; P=.76).

Conclusions
This study highlights the potential of smartphone-derived sleep and circadian rhythms as digital biomarkers, complementing standard actigraphy indicators. Although significant correlations with clinical manifestations of insomnia were observed, limitations in the evidence and the need for further research on predictive utility should be considered. Nonetheless, smartphone data hold promise for enhancing sleep monitoring and mental health assessments in digital health research.