bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a combined radiomics and CT feature-based model for differentiating malignant from benign subcentimeter solid pulmonary nodules
Authors: Liu Jianing , Qi Linlin , Wang Yawen , Li Fenglan , Chen Jiaqi , Cui Shulei , Cheng Sainan , Zhou Zhen , Li Lin , Wang Jianwei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
We aimed to develop a combined model based on radiomics and computed tomography (CT) imaging features for use in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant subcentimeter (≤ 10 mm) solid pulmonary nodules (SSPNs).

Methods
A total of 324 patients with SSPNs were analyzed retrospectively between May 2016 and June 2022. Malignant nodules (n = 158) were confirmed by pathology, and benign nodules (n = 166) were confirmed by follow-up or pathology. SSPNs were divided into training (n = 226) and testing (n = 98) cohorts. A total of 2107 radiomics features were extracted from contrast-enhanced CT. The clinical and CT characteristics retained after univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to develop the clinical model. The combined model was established by associating radiomics features with CT imaging features using logistic regression. The performance of each model was evaluated using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
Six CT imaging features were independent predictors of SSPNs, and four radiomics features were selected after a dimensionality reduction. The combined model constructed by the logistic regression method had the best performance in differentiating malignant from benign SSPNs, with an AUC of 0.942 (95% confidence interval 0.918–0.966) in the training group and an AUC of 0.930 (0.902–0.957) in the testing group. The decision curve analysis showed that the combined model had clinical application value.

Conclusions
The combined model incorporating radiomics and CT imaging features had excellent discriminative ability and can potentially aid radiologists in diagnosing malignant from benign SSPNs.

Relevance statement
The model combined radiomics features and clinical features achieved good efficiency in predicting malignant from benign SSPNs, having the potential to assist in early diagnosis of lung cancer and improving follow-up strategies in clinical work.

Key points
• We developed a pulmonary nodule diagnostic model including radiomics and CT features.
• The model yielded the best performance in differentiating malignant from benign nodules.
• The combined model had clinical application value and excellent discriminative ability.
• The model can assist radiologists in diagnosing malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.

Graphical Abstract
Clinician and patient views on janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis: a mixed methods study
Authors: de Souza Savia , Williams Ruth , Nikiphorou Elena 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are new targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) licenced in the UK to treat rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritides. Unlike currently often prescribed biological DMARDs, they target a different part of the inflammatory pathway and are taken orally. The aim of this study was to explore what UK-based rheumatology clinicians and inflammatory arthritis (IA) patients think about the awareness, prescription and use of JAKi; how they compare with biologics; and how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected how JAKi are viewed and prescribed.

Methods
Rheumatology clinicians and IA patients completed online surveys and participated in interviews/focus groups between September 2021 and January 2022. Survey data were analysed descriptively, and interview/focus group data underwent an inductive thematic analysis.

Results
66.6% of patients had at least some awareness of JAKi, 73.0% from their rheumatology team. Problems getting earlier access to these drugs were raised by some patients, with many being prescribed JAKi after multiple other therapies had failed. 91.5% of clinicians prescribed JAKi in keeping with their local guidelines, with 72.3% prescribing them frequently as a monotherapy. Some clinicians had lingering safety concerns over JAKi use. Despite experiencing side effects and knowing of possible long-term risks, patients felt overall the benefits of JAKi outweighed the risks. 39.3% of patients were ‘very satisfied’ on JAKi, compared with 25.0% on biologics. Patients on JAKi appreciated their short half-life when it comes to infections, and their convenience as an oral therapy. When JAKi were discontinued in patients, it was predominantly due to inefficacy and non-cardiovascular adverse events. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in increased prescription of JAKi as an alternative to injections and infusions, primarily to avoid potentially exposing patients to the coronavirus. Some patients believed their JAKi may confer some protection against developing severe COVID-19.

Conclusion
JAKi are an effective treatment option for IA and are liked by patients. The COVID-19 pandemic appears to have impacted their prescription favourably. However, clinicians have safety concerns over JAKi use. Any decision to go on a JAKi should be informed and take into account individual patient risk factors, circumstances and preferences.
Ramadan fasting intentions among pregnant women in Lebanon
Authors: Alaeddine Chaza , Schreiber Jim , Amin Mohamed E. K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
According to Islam’s teachings, women are religiously exempt from fasting during pregnancy if a woman is concerned about her health or that of the fetus. This study assesses the intentions of pregnant women to fast during Ramadan and evaluates the contribution of items derived from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting these intentions.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Arabic on a convenience sample of 181 pregnant women in Lebanon using a mixture of in-person (46), telephone (31), and online recruitment (104) techniques from February to April 2020. An Exploratory Bayes Tree Analysis was done to examine which TPB items appeared to separate the intention to fast in the best possible way. Then, an ordinal regression was completed followed by a latent class analysis to examine specific classes of participants that could be determined based on the regression results.

Results
Overall, 58% of participants had the intention to fast all days of Ramadan, 22% had the intention to fast some days and 20% did not intend to fast for any duration. A model was run with perceptions of physical ability, Islam guidance, husband’s opinion importance, mother’s opinion beliefs, and impact on general health as predictors (R2 = 0.74). A four-cluster model was chosen as the most parsimonious one in interpretation, where classes one and two included the groups of women who intended to fast month-long with differences in predictors. Class three represented the group of women who did not have the intention to fast and the final class represented the group of women who had the intention to fast some days of the month. The women’s belief in their physical ability to fast and the opinion of the pregnant women’s mothers were very important in deciding the participants’ intention to fast.

Conclusions
Items derived from TPB constructs helped in producing a model predicting women’s intention to fast during Ramadan. Educational messages and interventions related to fasting while pregnant may be delivered by individuals with legitimacy among pregnant women such as those viewed by the target population as powerful motherly figures in their communities.
Selective and persistent toxicity of seven insecticides to five egg parasitoids of
Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Li Hao-Ran , Li Cheng-Yang , Dai Peng , Zang Lian-Sheng , Desneux Nicolas , Xu Wei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background

Spodoptera frugiperda,
a major migratory and invasive pest, inflicts significant yield loss on rice and maize in China. As part of an integrated pest management system, biological control agents can be used against
S. frugiperda
, especially egg parasitoids. However, limited evidence exists regarding the combined and persistent effects of various pest control products on those parasitoids.

Results

This study examined the selective and persistent toxicity of seven approved pesticides [chlorantraniliprole, lufenuron, emamectin benzoate, spinetoram (synthetic pesticides),
Mamestra brassicae
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (MabrNPV),
Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) (biopesticides) and a chlorantraniliprole-lufenuron mixture (3:1) treatment] to five species of egg parasitoids, namely
Trichogramma dendrolimi
,
Trichogramma chilonis
,
Trichogramma mwanzai
,
Trichogrammatoidea lutea
, and
Telenomus remus
. The residual toxicity tests revealed that spinetoram showed high toxicity to
T. mwanzai
,
T. dendrolimi
, and
T. chilonis
in adults stage with mortality of over 92.6%, but caused low mortality in
T. lutea
(64.9%) and
T. remus
(49.2%) when used at the recommended rate. However, after treated by chlorantraniliprole, lunefuron, chl. + luf. (3:1), MabrNPV, and Bt, the mortality rates of all tested parasitoid adults were below 25% (lunefuron lower than 10%). A 3-day emamectin benzoate treatment caused 90% mortality in
T. mwanzai
,
T. lutea
,
T. dendrolimi
, and
T. chilonis
adults. The 3:1 mixture of chlorantraniliprole and lufenuron did not affect the lifespan of
T. mwanzai
and
T. lutea
. Chlorantraniliprole exhibited exceptional safety for all developmental stages (adult, egg, and pupa) of the five egg parasitoid species. A risk analysis indicated that chlorantraniliprole, MabrNPV, Bt, and the 3:1 mixture had the least toxicity to the five tested parasitoid adults, followed by lufenuron. Conversely, spinetoram and emamectin benzoate displayed moderate toxicity to adults of all tested parasitoid species.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that chlorantraniliprole is safe for the five egg parasitoids species studied even after prolonged use and can be used in conjunction with lufenuron. However, spinetoram and emamectin benzoate had the potential to be harmful to these parasitoids.
A rapid method to quantify sub-micrometer polystyrene particles in aqueous model systems by TOC analysis
Authors: Schmidtmann Johanna , Peiffer Stefan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor several laboratory experiments with microplastics, a simple and fast quantification method is advantageous. At the same time, the requirements are often lower compared to microplastic detection from environmental samples. We determined the concentration of non-purgable organic carbon of polystyrene (PS) particles (diameter 0.5, 1, 2, 6 μm) in suspension with known concentrations. Commercially available PS particles were used to test the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzer method for quantifying microplastics in the lower micrometer range under absence of other organic compounds. Addition of iron or aluminum hydroxide to the samples prior to the measurement increased the recovery from 52.9 to 89.7% relative to measurements in the absence of metal hydroxides. With increasing particle size, the recovery in the presence of iron hydroxides decreased from 95.1% at 0.5 μm to 67.1% at 6 μm PS particles and in the presence of aluminum hydroxides from 92.6% at 0.5 μm to 88.9% at 6 μm PS particles. We conclude that metal hydroxides have a catalytic effect on the thermocatalytic oxidation of PS particles and allow a complete conversion to CO2 for a successful quantification of PS particles using a TOC analyzer. Especially for particles larger than 0.5 μm, in the absence of metal hydroxides, the TOC device is not able to fully oxidize the PS particle to CO2 and subsequently detect its concentration. Thus, TOC analysis of PS particles in the presence of metal hydroxides provides a cheap and simple alternative for quantifying microplastic particles in the lower micrometer range for laboratory experiments (e.g. sedimentation studies) where no other organic substances are present.
The interface between the Mental Health Act and Mental Capacity Act: physical health treatment
Authors: Curtice Martin 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARYThe interface between the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA) and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA) can throw up complex issues. This article reviews a Court of Protection case that considered this interface specifically in the context of physical healthcare for a patient detained under the MHA. The court analysis also included consideration of the European Convention on Human Rights, the Mental Health Units (Use of Force) Act 2018 and the concept of residual liberty. The judgment describes principles to be applied when considering whether non-consensual physical health treatment for detained patients could result in a further deprivation of liberty. Discussion of other Court of Protection cases considers the issue of communication during a capacity assessment, the MHA/MCA interface in obstetric cases and what test to apply in determining whether a patient could be detained under the MHA. Such principles and guidance are helpful in clinical practice for healthcare professionals who deal with the MHA/MCA interface.
Gemcitabine and Paclitaxel Versus Gemcitabine Alone After 5-Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin, and Irinotecan in Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Randomized Phase III PRODIGE 65-UCGI 36-GEMPAX UNICANCER Study
Authors: De La Fouchardière Christelle , Malka David , Cropet Claire , Chabaud Sylvie , Raimbourg Judith , Botsen Damien , Launay Simon , Evesque Ludovic , Vienot Angélique , Perrier Hervé , Jary Marine , Rinaldi Yves , Coutzac Clélia , Bachet Jean Baptiste , Neuzillet Cindy , Williet Nicolas , Desgrippes Romain , Grainville Thomas , Aparicio Thomas , Peytier Annie , Lecomte Thierry , Roth Gaël S. , Thirot-Bidault Anne , Lachaux Nicolas , Bouché Olivier , Ghiringhelli François 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE GEMPAX was an open-label, randomized phase III clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy and tolerability of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel versus gemcitabine alone as second-line treatment for patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) who previously received 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. METHODS Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed mPDAC were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive GEMPAX (paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 + gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2; IV; once at day (D) 1, D8, and D15/arm A) or gemcitabine (arm B) alone once at D1, D8, and D15 every 28 days until progression, toxicity, or patient's decision. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), quality of life, and safety. RESULTS Overall, 211 patients (median age, 64 [30-86] years; 62% male) were included. After a median study follow-up for alive patients of 13.4 versus 13.8 months in arm A versus arm B, the median OS (95% CI) was 6.4 (5.2 to 7.4) versus 5.9 months (4.6 to 6.9; hazard ratio [HR], 0.87 [0.63 to 1.20]; P = 0.4095), the median PFS was 3.1 (2.2 to 4.3) versus 2.0 months (1.9 to 2.3; HR, 0.64 [0.47 to 0.89]; P = 0.0067), and the ORR was 17.1% (11.3 to 24.4) versus 4.2% (0.9 to 11.9; P = 0.008) in arm A versus arm B, respectively. Overall, 16.7% of patients in arm A and 2.9% in arm B discontinued their treatment because of adverse events (AEs). One grade 5 AE associated with both gemcitabine and paclitaxel was reported in arm A (acute respiratory distress), and 58.0% versus 27.1% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs in arm A versus arm B, among which 15.2% versus 4.3% had anemia, 15.9% versus 15.7% had neutropenia, 19.6% versus 4.3% had thrombocytopenia, 10.1% versus 2.9% had asthenia and 12.3% versus 0.0% had neuropathy. CONCLUSION While GEMPAX did not meet the primary end point of OS versus gemcitabine alone in patients with mPDAC in the second-line setting, both PFS and ORR were significantly improved.
Segregation of nascent GPCRs in the ER-to-Golgi transport by CCHCR1 via direct interaction
Authors: Xu Xin , Qiu Lifen , Zhang Maoxiang , Wu Guangyu 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest superfamily of cell surface signaling proteins that share a common structural topology. When compared with agonist-induced internalization, how GPCRs are sorted and delivered to functional destinations after synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is much less well understood. Here, we demonstrate that depletion of coiled-coil α-helical rod protein 1 (CCHCR1) by siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 significantly inhibits surface expression and signaling of α2A-adrenergic receptor (α2A-AR; also known as ADRA2A), without affecting α2B-AR. Further studies show that CCHCR1 depletion specifically impedes α2A-AR export from the ER to the Golgi, but not from the Golgi to the surface. We also demonstrate that CCHCR1 selectively interacts with α2A-AR. The interaction is mediated through multiple domains of both proteins and is ionic in nature. Moreover, mutating CCHCR1-binding motifs significantly attenuates ER-to-Golgi export, surface expression and signaling of α2A-AR. Collectively, these data reveal a novel function for CCHCR1 in intracellular protein trafficking, indicate that closely related GPCRs can be sorted into distinct ER-to-Golgi transport routes by CCHCR1 via direct interaction, and provide important insights into segregation and anterograde delivery of nascent GPCR members.
In situ observation of a macrourid fish at 7259 m in the Japan Trench: swimbladder buoyancy at extreme depth
Authors: Priede Imants G. , Jamieson Alan J. , Bond Todd , Kitazato Hiroshi 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
A macrourid, Coryphaenoides yaquinae sp. inc., was observed to be attracted to bait and exhibiting normal foraging behaviour during a period of 80 min within view of a baited video camera on the sea floor at 7259 m – the deepest ever observation of a fish species with a swim bladder. The buoyancy provided by an oxygen-filled swim bladder at 74.4 MPa pressure was estimated to be 0.164 N, at a theoretical energy cost of 20 kJ, 200 times less than the cost of equivalent lipid buoyancy. During normal metabolism, 192 days would be required to fill the swimbladder. At these depths, oxygen is very incompressible, so changes in volume during ascent or descent are small. However, swimbladder function is crucially dependent on a very low rate of diffusion of oxygen across the swimbladder wall. The oxygen in the swimbladder could theoretically sustain aerobic metabolism for over 1 year but is unlikely to be used as a reserve.
Evidence for individual vocal recognition in a pair-bonding poison frog, Ranitomeya imitator
Authors: Podraza Molly E. , Moss Jeanette B. , Fischer Eva K. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Individually distinctive vocalizations are widespread in nature, although the ability of receivers to discriminate these signals has only been explored through limited taxonomic and social lenses. Here, we asked whether anuran advertisement calls, typically studied for their role in territory defense and mate attraction, facilitate recognition and preferential association with partners in a pair-bonding poison frog (Ranitomeya imitator). Combining no- and two-stimulus choice playback experiments, we evaluated behavioral responses of females to male acoustic stimuli. Virgin females oriented to and approached speakers broadcasting male calls independent of caller identity, implying that females are generally attracted to male acoustic stimuli outside the context of a pair bond. When pair-bonded females were presented with calls of a mate and a stranger, they showed significant preference for calls of their mate. Moreover, behavioral responses varied with breeding status: females with eggs were faster to approach stimuli than females that were pair bonded but did not currently have eggs. Our study suggests a potential role for individual vocal recognition in the formation and maintenance of pair bonds in a poison frog and raises new questions about how acoustic signals are perceived in the context of monogamy and biparental care.
Product Redesign and Innovation Based on Online Reviews: A Multistage Combined Search Method
Authors: Qin Jindong , Zheng Pan , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: January 2024

Online reviews published on the e-commerce platform provide a new source of information for designers to develop new products. Past research on new product development (NPD) using user-generated textual data commonly focused solely on extracting and identifying product features to be improved. However, the competitive analysis of product features and more specific improvement strategies have not been explored deeply. This study fully uses the rich semantic attributes of online review texts and proposes a novel online review–driven modeling framework. This new approach can extract fine-grained product features; calculate their importance, performance, and competitiveness; and build a competitiveness network for each feature. As a result, decision making is assisted, and specific product improvement strategies are developed for NPD beyond existing modeling approaches in this domain. Specifically, online reviews are first classified into redesign- and innovation-related themes using a multiple embedding model, and the redesign and innovation product features can be extracted accordingly using a mutual information multilevel feature extraction method. Moreover, the importance and performance of features are calculated, and the competitiveness and competitiveness network of features are obtained through a personalized unidirectional bipartite graph algorithm. Finally, the importance performance competitiveness analysis plot is constructed, and the product improvement strategy is developed via a multistage combined search algorithm. Case studies and comparative experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method and provide novel business insights for stakeholders, such as product providers, managers, and designers. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Project 72071151] and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China [Grant 2023CFB712]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0333 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0333 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .