bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and anti-Xanthomonas citri activity of unguinol produced by Aspergillus unguis CBMAI 2140
Authors: dos Santos Eduarda Araujo , Marin Vítor Rodrigues , de Angelis Derlene Atilli , Ferreira Henrique , Sass Daiane Cristina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research investigated active biomolecules from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus unguis (CBMAI 2140), isolated from Passiflora incarnata leaves, as potential antibacterial agents against Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, the causative agent of citrus canker. The fungal extract was obtained via liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the Resazurin Microtiter Assay Plate, determining inhibitory concentrations (IC90) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The extract displayed microbicidal activity at 1050 µg ml−¹ and inhibited bacterial growth at 350 µg ml−¹. Fractionation of the extract via normal-phase column chromatography yielded six fractions, with fraction F11 showing the highest antibacterial potential (MBC: 200 µg ml−¹). Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis identified Unguinol as the main compound in F11. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated rapid permeabilization of the X. citri cell membrane upon exposure to the compound, with significant effects observed after 15–30 min. Although no notable anti-biofilm activity was detected, this study represents the first report of Unguinol’s antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas species. These findings highlight its potential for agricultural applications, contributing to sustainable development goal 2.
IRS2 as a driver of brain metastasis in colorectal cancer: a potential target for novel therapeutic strategies
Authors: Greenberg Inbal , Khair Fayhaa , Merenbakh-Lamin Keren , Sokol Ethan , Goldberg Anat Klein , Simkin Dor , Spitzer Avishay , Benhamou Moshe , Bar-Shira Shai , Raz Michal , Grossman Rachel , Yeini Eilam , Ofek Paula , Meirson Tomer , Satchi-Fainaro Ronit , Reuveni Hadas , Rubinek Tami , Wolf Ido 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the fourth most common cause of brain metastasis (BM), with its incidence on the rise. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of these lesions from CRC remain unclear.

Methods
We analyzed the FoundationOne genomic database, which includes over 35,000 CRC samples from both local and metastatic sites. The role of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) in CRC brain tropism was investigated using various in vitro (co-culture systems and 3D sphere formation assays), in vivo (intracranial and subcutaneous mouse models), and ex vivo (CRC Patient-Derived Explants (PDE)) models. The molecular and metabolic effects of IRS2 were examined through RNA sequencing and Seahorse analysis. The therapeutic potential of a combined treatment with NT219, an IRS2 inhibitor, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was assessed using our CRC BM mouse model.

Results
Our research reveals a distinctive genomic profile of CRC BM and highlights the role of IRS2 in promoting CRC BM. IRS2 mediates its effect by modulating the β-catenin and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathways. We developed a mouse model of BM from CRC and demonstrated that treatment with the IRS2 inhibitor NT219, in combination with 5-FU, significantly suppresses BM development and prolongs survival.

Conclusions
Our work underscores the unique role of IRS2 in facilitating CRC brain adaptation and suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC patients with BM.
Brief Report: Association Between Inpatient Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder and Reduced One-Year All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Invasive Bacterial Infections
Authors: Blair Nicholas J , Kopp Adam , Kubin Christine , Cotton Jesse , Yin Michael T , Scherer Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Invasive bacterial infections are frequent causes of hospitalization among people who use opioids. We evaluated the association between inpatient administration of medication for opioid use disorder with one-year all-cause mortality in patients hospitalized with invasive bacterial infections.
Dams and the Deep Earth: The 1967 Koyna Earthquake and Human Agency in the Anthropocene
Authors: Chatterjee Elizabeth , Pandey-Geeta Mantraraj Sachaet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
On 11 December 1967, a large earthquake devastated the village of Koynanagar in Maharashtra, western India. Many blamed the new Koyna hydroelectric dam nearby. Prompting international inquests, Koyna became perhaps the world’s most famous case of reservoir-induced seismicity, a novel type of earthquake triggered by human activities. We use the dam’s history to explore the emergent consciousness of human geophysical agency that characterizes the Anthropocene, the putative new epoch when humans have become a planetary-scale ‘force of Nature’. The dam was explicitly designed as a geotechnical assemblage, a blending of technology, mountain topography, monsoon waters and rock. Striking a supposedly stable region, the 1967 earthquake revealed the more-than-human unpredictability of this composite. Scientists began to trace a radically new form of human agency at work, which owed its effects to complex chains of causality that extended deep underground and backward into deep history. Yet there was remarkably little policy fallout. Dam construction only accelerated in seismically active areas. The debates over reservoir-induced seismicity showed that human geotechnical agency could be read in diametrically opposed ways: as a source of anxiety or hubris, or simply irrelevant to practical policy making, thereby presaging today’s debates over human planetary stewardship in the Anthropocene.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children at a tertiary care center in North-East India
Authors: Smilie Chabungbam , Nandeibam Sareet Kumari , Singh Chongtham Shyamsunder , Devi Khuraijam Ranjana , Devi Yendrembam Bidyalakshmi , Devi Yumlembam Bishwabati , Akham Ngamba , Nandeibam Sareet Laxmi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To estimate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among hospitalized children aged between 1 and 12 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among hospitalized children at a tertiary care hospital in the North-East region of India for a period of 13 months (October 2022–November 2023). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Sociodemographic characteristics and clinical profile of the participants were analyzed. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospitalized children aged between 1 and 12 years was estimated to be 98.4%. This was comparable for children between the age groups 1–5 years (97.9%) and 6–12 years (99.1%) (P-value = .478). The most commonly reported symptoms among the seropositive children were fever (76.8%), nasal stuffiness (69.5%), cough (67.8%), diarrhea (23.6%), and nausea/vomiting (23.2%). None of the study participants had a prior history of laboratory confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection in the past and none were vaccinated against COVID-19. Results of the univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the seropositive and seronegative children in the distribution of sociodemographic characteristics, clinical profile, and laboratory findings. Our study observed a remarkably high anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity rate of 98.4%, suggesting a significant under-recognized burden of COVID-19 in the pediatric population. The findings highlight the need for continued preventive measures and the development of age-appropriate vaccination strategies, particularly in tropical settings.
A Naturalistic Study of Individuals Involved in the Justice System Who Experienced Both Formulations of Extended-release Buprenorphine
Authors: Blue Thomas R. , Gordon Michael S. , Vocci Frank J. , Fishman Marc J. , Gwin Mitchell Shannon , Wenzel Kevin 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
This study aimed to compare participants' experiences on two different formulations of extended-release buprenorphine.

Methods
Participants were part of a larger parent study comparing Brixadi™ (extended-release buprenorphine), hereafter called Brixadi, to extended-release naltrexone. At the time, Brixadi, was not fully FDA approved, and because of medication supply issues, 12 individuals were switched to Sublocade™ (a different formulation of extended-release buprenorphine), hereafter called Sublocade, for one dose and then back to Brixadi. Ten of those individuals completed semistructured interviews regarding their experiences with each medication.

Results
In general, most participants preferred Brixadi, and most found Sublocade to cause more injection site pain/discomfort. Participants' experiences with respect to cravings, medication wearing off too soon, withdrawal symptoms, and perceived helpfulness with recovery are also discussed.

Conclusions
Patients may prefer Brixadi to Sublocade because of injection site pain/discomfort. This could be mitigated with topical or subcutaneous anesthetics. Findings are mixed with respect to the effect of the medications on cravings, withdrawal symptoms, and the medication wearing off too soon. To address feelings of the medication wearing off too soon, patients could be given additional weekly doses of Brixadi (for patients on monthly doses of Brixadi) or supplemental sublingual buprenorphine (for patients on either Brixadi or Sublocade).
Quantifying the Relationship Between Clinician-Administered Measures of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex and Oculomotor Function and Patient-Reported Outcome After Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Crampton Adrienne , Langevin Pierre , Schneider Kathryn J. , Grilli Lisa , Chevignard Mathilde , Katz-Leurer Michal , Beauchamp Miriam H. , Debert Chantel , Gagnon Isabelle J. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
In pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), high rates of abnormalities are observed in vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and oculomotor (OM) function, but there is a lack of understanding of how these impairments may affect daily functioning.

Objectives:
To determine the extent to which clinician-administered measures of VOR and OM function are associated with patient-reported levels of activity limitations and participation restriction in children and adolescents within 31 days post-mTBI.

Design:
Cross-sectional design.

Setting:
Tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Participants:
Participants with mTBI aged 7 to 17.99 years.

Procedures:
Participants were assessed on a battery of VOR and OM tests within 31 days of injury.

Outcome Measures:
The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Cardiff Visual Ability Questionnaire (CVAQ) measured patient-reported dizziness and visual disability. The vestibular/ocular motor screening tool (VOMS), Head Thrust Test, computerized Dynamic Visual Acuity (DVA) Test, and video Head Impulse Test were administered to assess VOR and OM function.

Analysis:
Linear regression examined the associations between clinician-administered measures of VOR and OM function and patient-reported functional outcomes.

Results:
The sample consisted of 100 youth (54.4% female; mean age 13.92 [2.63]; mean time since injury: 18.26 [6.16] days). Associations were found between (1) DHI score and age (1.773 [0.473-3.073], P = .01), VOR symptom provocation (18.499 [11.312-25.686], P ≤ .001), and DVA (−29.433 [−59.206 to −2.60], P = .03); and (2) CVAQ score and version symptom provocation (0.796 [0.185-1.406], P = .01). High abnormal proportions (up to 56.7%) were found in VOMS performance.

Discussion:
The symptom provocation induced by VOR and OM tasks was associated with patient-reported dizziness and visual disability outcomes, highlighting the detrimental impact of symptoms on daily functioning.

Implications:
The findings of this study will assist clinicians when interpreting patient-reported measures of activity limitation and participation restriction.
Posterior Lamellar Augmentation With Auricular Cartilage Grafting for Severe Cicatricial Entropion Correction in Cicatricial Ocular Surface Disease
Authors: Rehman Obaidur , Gokharu Shirali , Sangwan Virender , Das Sima 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Description of clinical profile, surgical technique, and outcomes in patients having severe entropion secondary to cicatricial ocular surface disorders, who underwent entropion repair and posterior lamellar augmentation using auricular cartilage graft.

Methods:
A retrospective review of electronic medical records was performed over a 4-year period (August 2019–August 2023) to identify cases with entropion and cicatrizing ocular surface disorders that had undergone entropion repair with auricular cartilage grafting.

Results:
Seventeen eyelids of 15 patients were included. The average age of the study population was 33.17 ± 16.8 years, with an almost equal male to female ratio (8 male, 7 females). Lower eyelid was more commonly involved (n = 11, 64.7%) than the upper eyelid (n = 6). Steven–Johnson syndrome (n = 11, 64.7%) was the most frequent etiology. Two patients (13.3%) underwent bilateral surgical repair, whereas in 5 eyelids (29.4%), the procedure was combined with lid margin mucous membrane grafting at the same sitting. Cartilage graft was harvested through posterior auricular approach in all cases. Postoperatively, entropion correction was achieved in 16 eyelids (94.1%), and postoperative improvement in ocular surface scoring was noted in 11 eyelids (64.7%). Improvement in visual acuity postoperatively was noted in 52.9% eyes. Over an average follow-up of 16.64 months, 1 eyelid (5.8%) required additional everting sutures and 1 eyelid (5.8%) needed trimming of the graft.

Conclusions:
Cartilage graft-aided entropion surgery is a viable and satisfactory management option in severe cicatricial entropion in ocular surface disorders and can be combined with lid margin mucous membrane grafting for simultaneous correction of lid margin keratinization. Auricular cartilage is a versatile graft with easy harvesting and minimal donor-site morbidity.
Efficacy and safety of rifaximin for the prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Ji , Cheng Cong , Li Yong , Liu Yongqi , Liu Youshun 
Published: January 2025

Background and aim:
The efficacy of rifaximin in the prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been established. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy and safety of rifaximin in the prophylaxis of HE.

Methods:
We conducted a meta-analysis search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web of Science, and EMBASE as of March 2022. We pooled data by random-effects DerSimonian–Laird models to calculate hazard ratios (relative risks, RRs) for mortality, incidence of HE, and adverse events.

Results:
Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included in the study. Rifaximin helped prevent HE (RR = −0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.68 to −0.26) in patients with cirrhosis, but did not reduce mortality (RR = 0.03, 95% CI: −0.32 to 0.39) or increase the occurrence of adverse events (RR = −0.08, 95% CI: 0.22–0.07). Subgroup analysis showed that rifaximin was effective in both the primary (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.29) and secondary (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.29) prevention of HE. Moreover, subgroup analysis found that rifaximin helped prevent HE in alcohol-related (RR = −0.59, 95% CI: −0.87 to −0.32) or virus-associated (RR = −0.41, 95% CI: −0.71 to −0.11), and underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (RR = −0.51, 95% CI: −0.76 to −0.27) or non–transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (RR = −0.35, 95% CI: −0.66 to −0.05) cirrhotic patients. Subgroup analyzed by the intervention, rifaximin versus placebo (RR = −0.43, 95% CI: −0.73 to −0.14) and rifaximin+lactulose versus lactulose (RR = −0.57, 95% CI: −0.68 to −0.26) were statistically significant prevention of HE, rather than rifaximin versus lactulose (RR = −0.44, 95% CI: −1.0 to 0.11).

Conclusions:
Rifaximin is beneficial for primary and secondary prevention of HE, but it does not reduce mortality or increase the incidence of adverse events in patients with end-stage cirrhosis caused by virus or alcohol.
Meta-analysis on the primary approach: Aspiration versus stent retrieval for internal carotid artery occlusion
Authors: Li Jia , Sun Lixue , Zhenling Jia , Song Chaoyan , Shan Yuchao 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Previous studies have not provided consistent findings regarding the efficacy of aspiration thrombectomy versus stent retriever thrombectomy in patients with acute internal carotid artery occlusion. This study aimed to evaluate the preferable endovascular technique (aspiration or stent retriever) and the impact of stent retriever utilization on both clinical and angiographic outcomes.

Methods:
We collected potential scholarly articles from a variety of databases including the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. The search spanned from the establishment of electronic databases up to March 2024. Additionally, gray literature was sourced from the references cited in the included literature reports. Statistical analysis of the combined data was performed using STATA version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, TX).

Results:
Our analysis comprises a total of 4 studies, involving 759 participants in total. Among these individuals diagnosed with internal carotid artery occlusion, 435 were assigned to the aspiration group, while 324 were designated to the stent retriever group. The findings indicated a significant increase in the rate of successful reperfusion in the stent retriever group compared to the aspiration group. Furthermore, it was observed that the incidence of overall complications, intracerebral hemorrhage, embolization formation, puncture to reperfusion time, and onset to reperfusion time in the stent retriever group did not significantly exceed that in the aspiration group.

Conclusion:
In our review on intracranial internal carotid artery occlusion, stent retrievers outperformed direct aspiration in achieving successful reperfusion. However, further studies evaluating the effects of different approaches to internal carotid artery clot removal are required to confirm these results.
Identifying Adolescent and Young Adults’ Preferences for Oncology Symptom Management Clinical Trial Participation
Authors: Knoerl Robert , Smener Liat , Grandinetti Katherine , Fecher Leslie A. , Henry N. Lynn , Karimi Yasmin , Pettit Kristen , Schuetze Scott , Walling Emily , Zhang Anao , Barton Debra 
Published: January 2025

Background
Most studies to date exploring facilitators and barriers to adolescent and young adults’ (AYAs’) participation in clinical trials have been focused on external factors to AYAs’ participation or recruitment strategies.

Objective
The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to determine AYA cancer survivors’ preferences for oncology symptom management clinical trial participation.

Methods
Semistructured interviews and conjoint analysis were conducted to clarify potential attributes (eg, characteristics) and levels (eg, value of the characteristic) that may be important to AYA cancer survivors when considering clinical trial participation (n = 19). The final list of attributes and levels was administered within a choice-based conjoint analysis survey (n = 52). The utility score for each level was analyzed using hierarchical Bayes estimation, and the feature importance for each attribute was quantified.

Results
The type of new treatment (22.9%) and perceived importance of study topic (19.5%) were the most important attributes identified by participants. The levels with the highest utility scores within each attribute included prescription medicine treatment with mild side effects, electronic surveys, under-30-minute study visits, no follow-up visits, 4-week treatment period, and once-a-week treatment frequency.

Conclusion
The data support that study designs with low participant burden, interventions with few side effects, and the involvement of AYAs in determining the priority of the research topic are appealing to AYAs when considering participation in symptom management trials.

Implications for Practice
AYA participation in clinical trials is necessary to develop new symptom management modalities. Clinicians may use the results to introduce clinical trials containing trial characteristics that appeal to AYA cancer survivors.
Multi-ancestry meta-analysis of keloids uncovers novel susceptibility loci in diverse populations
Authors: Greene Catherine A. , Hampton Gabrielle , Jaworski James , Shuey Megan M. , Khan Atlas , Luo Yuan , Jarvik Gail P. , Namjou-Khales Bahram , Edwards Todd L. , Velez Edwards Digna R. , Hellwege Jacklyn N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTKeloids are raised scars that grow beyond original wound boundaries, resulting in pain and disfigurement. Reasons for keloid development are not well-understood, and current treatment options are limited. Keloids are more likely to occur in darker-skinned individuals of African and Asian descent than in Europeans. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) examining keloid risk across and within continental ancestry groups, incorporating 7,837 cases and 1,593,009 controls. We detected 21 novel independent loci in the multi-ancestry analysis, including several previously associated with fibroproliferative disorders. Heritability estimates were 6%, 21%, and 34% for the European, East Asian, and African ancestry analyses, respectively. Genetically predicted gene expression and colocalization analyses identified 27 gene-tissue pairs, including nine in skin and fibroblasts. Pathway analysis implicated integrin signaling and upstream regulators involved in cancer, fibrosis, and sex hormone signaling. This investigation nearly quintuples the number of keloid-associated risk loci, illuminating biological processes in keloid pathology.
Larger fish upstream in a small stream: what are the causes of this longitudinal pattern?
Authors: Wolf Pedro , Marques Piatã , Mazzoni Rosana 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStream fishes often display distinct spatial patterns in size distribution, with one possible pattern being larger individuals dominating the headwaters. This “larger fish upstream pattern” (LFUP) has been widely documented, yet the ecological drivers remain unclear. We investigated factors contributing to LFUP in the fish community of a South American stream. Using historical data (1994–1998) from electrofishing surveys across six sites, we analyzed size distribution across eight species, with predictors including upstream distance, food availability, predation pressure, and intraspecific competition. Linear mixed models indicated that four species exhibit consistent LFUP, primarily driven by upstream distance or food availability. Species with pelagic or lithopelagic spawning displayed LFUP, supporting the hypothesis that LFUP is linked to reproductive strategies requiring upstream movement to maintain population stability. Our findings support that habitat connectivity and complexity are crucial for conserving small pelagic and lithopelagic fish species, as suggested in previous works. This study contributes to the field by highlighting mobile behavior in small tropical stream fishes and underscores the need for conservation strategies that account for movement patterns and habitat requirements in stream systems worldwide.