bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alienation, Abjection and the Mobile Postcolonial City: Public Transport in Ousmane Sembène’s “Niiwam” and Yvonne Vera’s Without a Name
Authors: Toivanen Anna-Leena 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter analyzes portrayals of travel by means of public transport in two African literary texts: the short story “Niiwam” (1987), by the Senegalese author Ousmane Sembène, and the novel Without a Name (1994), by the Zimbabwean writer Yvonne Vera. Featuring protagonists carrying the corpse of their dead child on a bus, both texts invest a bus ride with alienating and abject meanings that are repeatedly contrasted with more banal and everyday experiences of travel by public transport. Through their portrayals of the alienating and abject bus journey, “Niiwam” and Without a Name also provide insights into the exclusionary aspects of the (post)colonial city and its kinetic modernity. By deploying the notion of the mobile chronotope and by paying attention to the narrative roles of the space contained within the vehicle and also the bus ride itself in the texts, this chapter explores the ways in which mobility may affect the literary form.
Limitations of entanglement entropy in detecting thermal phase transitions
Authors: Jokela Niko , Ruotsalainen Helime , Subils Javier G. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We explore the efficacy of entanglement entropy as a tool for detecting thermal phase transitions in a family of gauge theories described holographically. The rich phase diagram of these theories encompasses first and second-order phase transitions, as well as a critical and a triple point. While entanglement measures demonstrate some success in probing transitions between plasma phases, they prove inadequate when applied to phase transitions leading to gapped phases. Nonetheless, entanglement measures excel in accurately determining the critical exponent associated with the observed phase transitions, providing valuable insight into the critical behavior of these systems.
Chiral limit of 2d QCD revisited with lightcone conformal truncation
Authors: Anand Nikhil , Fitzpatrick A. Liam , Katz Emanuel , Xin Yuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the chiral limit of 2d QCD with a single quark flavor at finite Nc using LCT. By modifying the LCT basis according to the quark mass in a manner motivated by ’t Hooft’s analysis, we are able to restore convergence for quark masses much smaller than the QCD strong coupling scale. For such small quark masses, the IR of the theory is expected to be well described by the Sine-Gordon model. We verify that LCT numerics are able to capture in detail the spectrum and correlation functions of the Sine-Gordon model. This opens up the possibility for studying deformations of various integrable CFTs using LCT by considering the chiral limit of QCD like theories.
The impact of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics on postoperative pain level, quality of life, and outcomes in ventral hernia repair
Authors: Alzatari Ramez , Huang Li-Ching , Poulose Benjamin K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Managing postoperative pain remains a significant challenge in hernia operations. With ventral hernia repair (VHR) being one of the most commonly performed procedures, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of non-opioid analgesia to opioid-based regimens for postoperative pain management.

Methods
The Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative was queried for elective VHR patients between 2019–2022. Subjects prescribed opioid or non-opioid analgesics at discharge were matched using a propensity score. Postoperative Hernia-Related Quality of Life Survey (HerQLes) summary scores, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) 3a questionnaire, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results
1,051 patients who underwent VHR met the study criteria. The 2:1 matched demographics were opioids (n = 188) and non-opioids (n = 94) (median age 63, 48% females, 91% white, and 6.5 cm hernia length). Long-term (1-year post-operation) patients’ pain levels were similar between opioids vs non-opioids (median (IQR): 31(31–40) vs. 31(31–40), p = 0.46), and HerQLes summary scores were similar (92(78–100) vs. 90(59–95), p = 0.052).
Clinical short-term (30-days post-operation) outcomes between opioid vs non-opioid patients had similar length-of-stay (1(0–5) vs 2(0–6), P = 0.089), readmissions (3% vs. 1%, P = 0.28), recurrences (0% vs. 0%, P = 1), reoperations (1% vs. 0%, P = 0.55), surgical site infections (3% vs. 7%, P = 0.11), surgical site occurrences (5% vs. 6%, P = 0.57), and surgical site occurrences requiring procedural intervention (3% vs. 6%, P = 0.13). Finally, long-term recurrence rates were similar (12% vs. 12%, P = 1).

Conclusion
Non-opioid postoperative regimens for analgesia are non-inferior to opioids in VHR patients with similar outcomes. Aggressive efforts should be undertaken to reduce opioid use in this population.
Stroke risk in rheumatoid arthritis patients: exploring connections and implications for patient care
Authors: Al-Ewaidat Ola A. , Naffaa Moawiah M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) can independently increase the risk of stroke, affecting both young and adult RA patients. Recent attention has been drawn to the association between stroke and RA, supported by mounting evidence. Given that stroke is a significant and an urgent public health concern, this review aims to highlight the relationship between stroke and RA, covering mechanisms, underlying risk factors, early detection tools, and treatment implications. By uncovering the connection that links RA to stroke, we can pave the way for targeted healthcare practices and the development of preventive strategies for individuals with RA. Therefore, further research is imperative to deepen our understanding of this association and, ideally, guide treatment decisions for individuals at risk of both RA and stroke.
Chinese dialect speech recognition: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Li Qiang , Mai Qianyu , Wang Mandou , Ma Mingjuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs a multi-ethnic country with a large population, China is endowed with diverse dialects, which brings considerable challenges to speech recognition work. In fact, due to geographical location, population migration, and other factors, the research progress and practical application of Chinese dialect speech recognition are currently at different stages. Therefore, exploring the significant regional heterogeneities in specific recognition approaches and effects, dialect corpus, and other resources is of vital importance for Chinese speech recognition work. Based on this, we first start with the regional classification of dialects and analyze the pivotal acoustic characteristics of dialects, including specific vowels and tones patterns. Secondly, we comprehensively summarize the existing dialect phonetic corpus in China, which is of some assistance in exploring the general construction methods of dialect phonetic corpus. Moreover, we expound on the general process of dialect recognition. Several critical dialect recognition approaches are summarized and introduced in detail, especially the hybrid method of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) combined with the Hidden Markov Model(HMM), as well as the End-to-End (E2E). Thirdly, through the in-depth comparison of their principles, merits, disadvantages, and recognition performance for different dialects, the development trends and challenges in dialect recognition in the future are pointed out. Finally, some application examples of dialect speech recognition are collected and discussed.
Geometric Condition For Dependent Choice
Authors: Karagila A. , Schilhan J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe provide a geometric condition which characterises when the
Principle of Dependent Choice holds in a Fraenkel-Mostowski-Specker permutation
model. This condition is a slight weakening of requiring the filter of groups to
be closed under countable intersections. We show that this condition holds nontrivially
in a new permutation model we call "the nowhere dense model" and we
study its extensions to uncountable cardinals as well.
A Game of Perspectives: On the Role of Imagination in Thought Experiments
Authors: Binini Irene , Huemer Wolfgang , Molinari Daniele 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThought experiments are fictional narratives that widen our cognitive horizons both in the sciences and in philosophy. In the present paper we argue that they can perform this function by bringing one’s perspective into view. Despite being traditionally conceived as devices that transmit true propositions to their readers, thought experiments are also particularly apt to express a specific theoretical perspective through the use of imagination. We suggest that this is a significant epistemic feature that is often overlooked in the debate. After presenting our analysis of thought experiments (Section 2) and of the role that imagination plays in them (Section 3), we revisit Galileo Galilei’s use of imaginary cases in light of our account (Section 4). We show that the main aims of Galileo’s thought experiments are to highlight how different perspectives endorsed by fictional characters affect imagination and to invite readers to actively engage in perspectives that are different from their own. This results in a clash of perspectives which plays a crucial epistemic role (Section 5). Readers of thought experiments do not passively absorb information, but critically assess the other’s perspective. In the final part of the paper, we individuate different ways in which readers can react to thought experiments.
Neuroprotective potential of Erigeron bonariensis ethanolic extract against ovariectomized/D-galactose-induced memory impairments in female rats in relation to its metabolite fingerprint as revealed using UPLC/MS
Authors: Ibrahim Weam W. , Sayed Rabab H. , Abdelhameed Mohamed F. , Omara Enayat A. , Nassar Mahmoud I. , Abdelkader Noha F. , Farag Mohamed A. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Afifi Sherif M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractErigeron bonariensis is widely distributed throughout the world's tropics and subtropics. In folk medicine, E. bonariensis has historically been used to treat head and brain diseases. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most widespread form of dementia initiated via disturbances in brain function. Herein, the neuroprotective effect of the chemically characterized E. bonariensis ethanolic extract is reported for the first time in an AD animal model. Chemical profiling was conducted using UPLC–ESI-MS analysis. Female rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) followed by 42 days of D-galactose (D-Gal) administration (150 mg/kg/day, i.p) to induce AD. The OVX/D-Gal-subjected rats received either donepezil (5 mg/kg/day) or E. bonariensis at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, given 1 h prior to D-Gal. UPLC–ESI-MS analysis identified 42 chemicals, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, and nitrogenous constituents. Several metabolites, such as isoschaftoside, casticin, velutin, pantothenic acid, xanthurenic acid, C18-sphingosine, linoleamide, and erucamide, were reported herein for the first time in Erigeron genus. Treatment with E. bonariensis extract mitigated the cognitive decline in the Morris Water Maze test and the histopathological alterations in cortical and hippocampal tissues of OVX/D-Gal-subjected rats. Moreover, E. bonariensis extract mitigated OVX/D-Gal-induced Aβ aggregation, Tau hyperphosphorylation, AChE activity, neuroinflammation (NF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β), and apoptosis (Cytc, BAX). Additionally, E. bonariensis extract ameliorated AD by increasing α7-nAChRs expression, down-regulating GSK-3β and FOXO3a expression, and modulating Jak2/STAT3/NF-ĸB p65 and PI3K/AKT signaling cascades. These findings demonstrate the neuroprotective and memory-enhancing effects of E. bonariensis extract in the OVX/D-Gal rat model, highlighting its potential as a promising candidate for AD management.
Graphical Abstract
Does the Framing of Immigration Induce Welfare Chauvinism? The Effects of Negativity Bias and Motivated Reasoning
Authors: Avdagic Sabina , Savage Lee 
Published: January 2024

AbstractShould immigrants have the same access to welfare as the native population? Fuelled by the populist radical right, the notion of restricting access to benefits to native citizens – welfare chauvinism – has been increasingly prominent in political debates. But can welfare chauvinistic attitudes be induced (or attenuated) by the negative (or positive) information individuals receive about immigrants? Combining insights from research on negativity bias and motivated reasoning, we argue that negative frames which emphasize fiscal costs of immigration are more consequential than positive frames that emphasize fiscal benefits, but this effect is primarily visible among those whose ideological priors are congruent with the negative information. Since more extreme attitudes are associated with increased selective judgement, those who occupy a more extreme ideological position should be particularly affected. A survey experiment in Germany supports this argument and shows that while a negative frame is stronger than a positive frame, this effect is moderated by one’s ideology and is most evident among more extreme ideologues who hold frame-congruent attitudes. We also show that ideology, rather than economic circumstances, is a more important moderator of framing effects.
Variations in Access to Social Support: the Effects of Residential Mobility and Spatial Proximity to Kin and Family
Authors: Hagge Kyra , Schacht Diana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncreasing residential mobility is said to challenge existing social support systems as mobility raises geographic distances between family members. Since family social support is essential for health and well-being, this study investigates whether residential mobility affects familial social support following changes in proximity to family and kin. By applying a stepwise linear regression on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel study, this paper is looking at variations between different residential mobility trajectories regarding social support provision and spatial proximity to family members in Germany over a 10-year period. Our findings show that people who are moving within Germany are receiving significantly more social support from their family and kin, while internationally mobile respondents receive less compared to non-mobile people. Mediation analyses show that proximity to family and kin are accounting for the negative effect of international mobility on social support but cannot explain the positive effect of internal migration.
New grasslands promote pollination but not biological pest control in nearby arable fields in the short term
Authors: Bürgler Manuela , Hussain Raja Imran , Maas Bea , Walcher Ronnie , Rabl Dominik , Krautzer Bernhard , Moser Dietmar , Frank Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAgricultural intensification is a major threat to farmland biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. Semi-natural habitats are integral to the preservation of farmland biodiversity and ecosystem services, however, the extent in which they contribute to specific services is largely unclear. We studied predation rates of ground-dwelling predatory arthropods, and pollination success within old permanent grasslands, newly established grasslands and arable fields near and far from new grasslands. We evaluated whether grassland restoration can enhance pollination and biological control in crop fields. For this purpose, we established new grassland strips within cereal fields, which directly bordered existing permanent grasslands. We evaluated if the distance to these old and new grasslands affects the delivery of the two ecosystem services within crop fields. We found significantly higher seed numbers and seed weight in sentinel plants placed in old grasslands, new grasslands and nearby arable fields compared to distant arable fields. We also found significantly decreasing seed numbers and seed weight in sentinel plants placed in distant arable fields with increasing distance from old grasslands, while pollination success was not affected by distance in nearby arable fields. Contrary, we did not find any significant effects of new grasslands on biological control. Our study showed that 3 years after establishing grasslands arable fields benefited from the proximity of flower-rich new grasslands through increased pollination success though not regarding biological control. This indicates that, on a short term, establishing new grasslands can support beneficial arthropods in providing ecosystem services such as pollination. Predators, in contrast, might take longer to establish effective populations that denote higher predation rates. Our study provides a baseline for future long-term studies to better evaluate pollination and pest control patterns within arable fields.
Lessons and Applications of Omics Research in Diabetes Epidemiology
Authors: Yu Gechang , Tam Henry C. H. , Huang Chuiguo , Shi Mai , Lim Cadmon K. P. , Chan Juliana C. N. , Ma Ronald C. W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Recent advances in genomic technology and molecular techniques have greatly facilitated the identification of disease biomarkers, advanced understanding of pathogenesis of different common diseases, and heralded the dawn of precision medicine. Much of these advances in the area of diabetes have been made possible through deep phenotyping of epidemiological cohorts, and analysis of the different omics data in relation to detailed clinical information. In this review, we aim to provide an overview on how omics research could be incorporated into the design of current and future epidemiological studies.

Recent Findings
We provide an up-to-date review of the current understanding in the area of genetic, epigenetic, proteomic and metabolomic markers for diabetes and related outcomes, including polygenic risk scores. We have drawn on key examples from the literature, as well as our own experience of conducting omics research using the Hong Kong Diabetes Register and Hong Kong Diabetes Biobank, as well as other cohorts, to illustrate the potential of omics research in diabetes. Recent studies highlight the opportunity, as well as potential benefit, to incorporate molecular profiling in the design and set-up of diabetes epidemiology studies, which can also advance understanding on the heterogeneity of diabetes.

Summary
Learnings from these examples should facilitate other researchers to consider incorporating research on omics technologies into their work to advance the field and our understanding of diabetes and its related co-morbidities. Insights from these studies would be important for future development of precision medicine in diabetes.
Unlocking local value-added opportunities in the energy transition in former coal regions—the case of Lusatia (Lausitz)
Authors: Bode Annika , Salecki Steven , Hirschl Bernd 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe main result of this study is that Lusatia, as an energy transition and structural change region, still has high expansion potential for photovoltaic and wind energy systems. In 2040, electricity production from wind turbines could reach four times the current level. In the case of photovoltaic systems, around seven to eight times the current level is possible. Only in the area of biomass has the expansion potential already been largely exhausted. The building sector can also contribute to achieving climate neutrality. If the renovation rate is significantly increased to 3.3% per year by 2040, the required heating energy can be reduced by around 60%.At the same time, these energy transition scenarios are evaluated with regard to their regional economic opportunities for Lusatia. In an ambitious climate neutrality scenario, around 450 million euros in regional added value can be generated in 2040 and around 3560 full-time jobs can be filled. In order for this to succeed, however, the citizens and municipalities must first be given more opportunities for financial participation through appropriate framework conditions at federal and state level. We see financial benefits for the population and the municipalities as a critical success factor in order to be able to provide the necessary space, initiate investments and ultimately contribute to local acceptance.
A Comparative Analysis of Deep-Level Mine Water Wastage Identification Techniques
Authors: le Roux M. , van Laar J. H. , Schutte C. S. L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHighly energy-intensive systems prone to wastage are significant causes of unnecessary energy losses in industry. Deep-level mine chilled water reticulation systems fall within this category of inefficient energy-intensive systems. Some techniques (measured baselining, zero-waste baselining, leak detection, and control valves) exist to identify and reduce wastage in mine water reticulation systems. However, these techniques have not been compared, which begs the question of which is more accurate. A need, therefore, exists to compare these methods to determine the effectiveness of each. This study investigates each method and applies them to a case study mine, providing a platform for comparison. These methods identified wastage ranging between 2 and 20 l/s (3–30% of water consumption). The comparative effectiveness of the methods from best to worst was found to be zero-waste baselining, leak detection, control valves, then measure baselining. This study proposes an application procedure combining the considered methods to identify and eliminate wastage on deep-level mine systems more efficiently.
AI Guidelines and Ethical Readiness Inside SMEs: A Review and Recommendations
Authors: Soudi Marwa Samih , Bauters Merja 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) represent a large segment of the global economy. As such, SMEs face many of the same ethical and regulatory considerations around Artificial Intelligence (AI) as other businesses. However, due to their limited resources and personnel, SMEs are often at a disadvantage when it comes to understanding and addressing these issues. This literature review discusses the status of ethical AI guidelines released by different organisations. We analyse the academic papers that address the private sector in addition to the guidelines released directly by the private sector to help us better understand the responsible AI guidelines within the private sector. We aim by this review to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of ethical AI guidelines development and adoption, as well as identify gaps in knowledge and best attempts. By synthesizing existing research and insights, such a review could provide a road map for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to adopt ethical AI guidelines and develop the necessary readiness for responsible AI implementation. Additionally, a review could inform policy and regulatory frameworks that promote ethical AI development and adoption, thereby creating a supportive ecosystem for SMEs to thrive in the AI landscape. Our findings reveal a need for supporting SMEs to embrace responsible and ethical AI adoption by (1) Building more tailored guidelines that suit different sectors instead of fit to all guidelines. (2) Building a trusted accreditation system for organisations. (4) Giving up-to-date training to employees and managers about AI ethics. (5) Increasing the awareness about explainable AI systems, and (6) Promoting risk-based assessments rather than principle-based assessments.