bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface chemical composition of single WNh stars
Authors: Martins Fabrice 
Published: October 2023

Context. Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars of the WNh category contain a significant fraction of hydrogen at their surface. They can be hydrogen-burning, very massive stars or stars in a post-main sequence phase of evolution. Also, WNh stars are sometimes not included in population synthesis models.
Aims. We aim to better characterise the properties of single WNh stars in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. In particular, we want to constrain their surface chemistry beyond the hydrogen content by determining the helium, carbon, and nitrogen surface abundances.
Methods. We perform a spectroscopic analysis of 22 single WNh stars. We fit their ultraviolet and/or optical spectra using synthetic spectra computed with the code CMFGEN. We determine the main stellar parameters (temperature, luminosity, mass-loss rates) and the surface H, He, C, and N mass fractions. We investigate the ability of current evolutionary models to reproduce all parameters at the same time.
Results. We find that all WNh stars show the signatures of CNO-cycle material at their surface: they are carbon-depleted and nitrogen-rich. A clear trend of higher nitrogen content at higher metallicity is observed, as expected. The amount of hydrogen (X) varies significantly from one star to another, independently of luminosity. Values of X larger than 0.4 are not exceptional. The majority of Galactic WNh stars can be explained by evolutionary models, provided sufficient fine-tuning of the input parameters of evolutionary calculations. At lower metallicity, most stars escape predictions from evolutionary models. This has been noted in the literature but constraints on the surface nitrogen content exacerbate this severe issue.
Conclusions. Our study highlights the need to refine the treatment of WR stars in both stellar evolution and population synthesis models.
Arzneimittelanwendung bei trächtigen Hündinnen und
Welpen – was ist aus pharmakologischer Sicht zu
beachten?
Authors: Bäumer Wolfgang , Bröer Sonja 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Gabe von Arzneimitteln an trächtige Hündinnen kann nicht nur
eine potenzielle Gefahr für die Hündin, sondern auch für
die Feten darstellen. Wie groß die Gefahr für die Feten ist,
hängt dabei auch vom Gestationsstadium ab. Grundsätzlich ist das
Risiko für schwerwiegende Fehlbildungen während der Organogenese
am größten. Für einige Medikamente ist zwar bekannt,
dass sie ein fetotoxisches und/oder teratogenes Potenzial besitzen,
dennoch gilt für einen Großteil der Medikamente, dass das Wissen
um eine potenzielle Gefährdung der Frucht nur unzureichend ist.Es wird, geordnet nach Wirkstoffgruppen, eine Auswahl an Arzneimitteln
aufgelistet, für die nach derzeitigem Kenntnisstand davon ausgegangen
wird, dass die Anwendung sicher ist. Demgegenüber sollen Arzneimittel
gestellt werden, für die nur unzureichend Kenntnisse vorliegen oder die
ganz klar kontraindiziert sind.Im zweiten Teil dieser Übersicht wird auf den Arzneimitteleinsatz bei
Welpen eingegangen. Die Physiologie eines Welpen entspricht nicht einfach der
eines kleinen Hundes. Nur für die wenigsten Medikamente liegen valide
pharmakologische Daten zur Anwendung bei Welpen vor. Einige
Einschränkungen des Arzneimitteleinsatzes können aber durch
Besonderheiten der Physiologie von Welpen hergeleitet werden.Die ausgesprochenen Empfehlungen haben keinen Anspruch auf
Vollständigkeit und es wird auch keine Garantie auf Richtigkeit
übernommen, da diese aus einer Literaturrecherche zusammengestellt
worden sind und zuweilen die Empfehlungen auch widersprüchlich sind.Tierärztinnen und Tierärzte sind daher aufgefordert, alle
unerwünschten Ereignisse im Zusammenhang von Behandlungen von
trächtigen Hündinnen und Welpen im Rahmen der Pharmakovigilanz
zu melden. Nur dadurch können Lücken im Wissen um die Behandlung
von trächtigen Hündinnen und Welpen geschlossen werden.
On-site CT-derived cFFR in patients with suspected coronary artery disease: Feasibility on a 128-row CT scanner in everyday clinical practice
Authors: Baumeister Theresia , Kloth Christopher , Schmidt Stefan Andreas , Kloempken Steffen , Brunner Horst , Buckert Dominik , Bernhardt Peter , Panknin Christoph , Beer Meinrad 
Published: October 2023

Purpose Technical feasibility of CT-based calculation of fractional flow reserve (cFFR) using a 128-row computed tomography scanner in an everyday routine setting. Post-processing and everyday practicability should be analyzed on the scanner on-site in connection with clinical parameters.
Materials and Methods This single-center retrospective analysis included 230 patients (74 female; mean age 63.8 years) with CCTA within 21 months between 01/2018 and 09/2019 without non-pathological examinations. cFFR values were obtained using a deep learning-based non-commercial research prototype (cFFR Version3.5.0; Siemens Healthineers GmbH, Erlangen). cFFR values were evaluated at two points: at the maximum point of the stenosis and 1.0 cm distal to the stenosis. Comparison with invasive coronary angiography in 57/230 patients (24.7 %) was performed. CT parameters and quality were evaluated. Further subgroup classification concerning criteria of technical postprocessing was performed: no changes necessary, minor corrections necessary, major corrections necessary, and no evaluation was possible. The required time from starting the software to the final result was evaluated.
Results A total of 116/448 (25.9 %) mild, 223/448 (49.8 %) moderate, and 109/448 (24.3 %) obstructive stenoses was found. The mean cFFR at the maximum point of the stenosis was 0.92 ± 0.09 and significantly higher than the cFRR value of 0.89 ± 0.13 distal to the stenosis (p < 0.001*). The mean degree of stenosis was 44.02 ± 26.99 % (range: 1–99 %) with an area of 5.39 ± 3.30 mm2. In a total of 45 patients (19.1 %), a relevant reduction in cFFR below 0.80 was determined. Overall, in 57/230 patients (24.8 %), catheter angiography was performed. No significant difference in the degree of maximal stenosis (CAD-RADS 0–2/3/4) was detected between the classification of CCTA and ICA (p = 0.171). The mean post-processing time varied significantly with 8.34 ± 4.66 min. in single-vessel CAD vs. 12.91 ± 3.92 min. in two-vessel CAD vs. 21.80 ± 5.94 min. in three-vessel CAD (each p < 0.001).
Conclusion Noninvasive onsite quantification of cFFR is feasible with minimal observer interaction in a routine real-world setting on a 128-row scanner. Deep learning-based algorithms allow a robust and semi-automatic on-site determination of cFFR based on data from standard CT scanners.
Key Points:
The use of a 4.7 mg deslorelin slow release implant in male dogs in
the field
Authors: Vasetska Anastasiia , Körber Hanna , Pilgram Caroline , Schuler Gerhard , Aslan Selim , Saral Gulsah , Binli Firdevs , Akal Eser , Selcuk Murat , Ay Serhan , Findik Murat , Fontaine Christelle Speiser , Goericke-Pesch Sandra 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective Slow-release GnRH agonist implants (SRI) are used for reversible
medical downregulation of testicular function in male dogs as an alternative to
surgery. The 4.7 mg deslorelin SRI should reduce testosterone after
6–8 weeks and induce castration-like effects for 6 months (mon).
However, some individual variation is described in the field in regard to onset
and duration of effect. For this reason, we aimed to study the effects of the
4.7 mg deslorelin SRI in a larger cohort.
Material and methods In total 50 intact, healthy male dogs (12–48
months, mon; 9–40 kg) were treated with a 4.7 mg
deslorelin SRI into the umbilical area (TG, n=45) or served as untreated
controls (CG, n=5). CG dogs were surgically castrated after measurement
of testicular dimensions and blood sampling for testosterone. In TG, SRIs
remained for 5 mon in place and subsequently 3–7 male dogs were
surgically castrated at removal (week, W 0) or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 10
weeks later. Examination parameters were testicular dimensions (before
treatment, at 4, 8, 12 W, 5 mon, weekly until castration), testosterone
(before treatment, at 8 W, 5 mon, castration) and testicular histology
(castration).
Results Whereas examination parameters did not differ between CG and TG
before treatment, testicular volume and testosterone was significantly reduced
at all time points during treatment. In all but 3 (8 W) and 2 male dogs
(5 mon) testosterone was basal during treatment before removal, whereas the
parameters were significantly reduced compared to pre-treatment in the
respective dogs. After implant removal, testosterone and testicular volumes
increased. However, different to earlier studies, the „restart“
was more variable with individual basal testosterone until W7, but also
physiological testosterone concentrations in W2. Similarly, histological
testicular findings at castration were quite variable: besides an arrest on
spermatogonia and spermatocytes, elongated spermatids with normal
spermatogenesis were found in individual dogs.
Conclusion Our study confirms the efficacy of the deslorelin SRI, but also
individual variation especially regarding reversibility of effects on endocrine
and germinative testicular function.
Clinical relevance Deslorelin SRIs offer a suitable alternative to
surgical castration with individual variation to be considered when used in
clinical practice.
The effect of Chinese vaccine diplomacy during COVID-19 in the Philippines and Vietnam: a multiple case study from a soft power perspective
Authors: van Dijk Remco Johan Leonard , Lo Catherine Yuk-ping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVaccine diplomacy is a subset of global health diplomacy and refers to the use and delivery of vaccines to achieve a country’s global health goals and foreign policy objectives. Countries have used vaccine diplomacy to increase their soft power during the COVID-19 pandemic. China, an emerging world power, was no exception in this trend. By December 2022, China had dispatched 1.65 billion vaccines worldwide; approximately one-third of the Chinese vaccines were sent to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. China attempted to increase its soft power via vaccine diplomacy to appeal to its neighbours with which it has long-standing territorial disputes in the South China Sea (SCS). Focusing on two key claimants in the SCS, our study has the following research question: How effective was Chinese COVID-19 vaccine diplomacy in the Philippines and Vietnam from a soft power perspective? Through a qualitative multiple case study research design, we determined the effectiveness of Chinese vaccine diplomacy in the Philippines and Vietnam by using four indicators of soft power: public opinion, foreign policy, attractiveness, and business and trade. Data collection consisted of a literature search of academic literature and newspaper articles that were published between 26 May and 13 June 2022. A thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the data. Analysing the effectiveness of Chinese vaccine diplomacy based on the four indicators of soft power, our results show that only the indicators of attractiveness in Vietnam and business and trade in the Philippines have somewhat improved. In contrast, the indicators of public opinion and foreign policy showed neutral or negative results for China. This study concludes that Chinese vaccine diplomacy in the Philippines and Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic was unsuccessful from a soft power perspective. One reason is that China undermined its soft power approach by simultaneously using hard power tactics in Southeast Asia. Using vaccine diplomacy to increase soft power is not always desirable from a global health perspective. Instead, countries should focus on equitable vaccine access and address asymmetrical power relations.
Healthcare service delivery perception among NHIS-HMO enrollees in Lagos hospitals
Authors: Mkperedem Abigail Affiong , Ogunlade Peter , Igbolekwu Chisaa , Arisukwu Ogadimma , Afolabi Abiodun Olawale , Adedayo Ruth Adefunke 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe National Health Insurance Scheme and Health Maintenance Organization partnership serves as a vital instrument in Nigeria’s government efforts to attain Universal Health Coverage, however, patients’ low-level satisfaction with health service quality has been reported across literatures. This study therefore aims to assess healthcare service delivery perception among NHIS-HMO enrollees in Lagos hospitals. Anchoring on the filter theory of attention, the study utilize the convergent parallel mixed method research design which involves the collection and analysis of both quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (in-depth interviews (IDIs)) data. Using a simple random and convenient sampling techniques, a total of 252 retrieved questionnaires and 15 in-depth interviews were used to elicit data from selected respondents across 9 healthcare facilities in 3 local government areas. Enrollees’ perception was significantly affected by the tangible Healthcare facilities (HCFs) physical environment variable. Related to process variables, the quantitative study found positive response towards humane treatment, and prompt medical attention questions, however, the qualitative interviews had differing results. Both the quantitative and qualitative confirmed presence of long waiting queues. Quantitative result on outcome variable indicated HCFs competence in providing quality services, however, in-depth interview session revealed being an enrollee limits accessibility to HCFs competent service. The research concludes that healthcare enrollees’ perception may alter depending on the type of healthcare service accessed at the HCF. Therefore, to attain the Universal Health Coverage mission, the study recommends reduction or total removal of every form of challenge such that makes for NHIS-HMO enrollees spending too much time at the HCFs during healthcare access.
Integration and differentiation: comparison of photography behaviors using unmanned aerial vehicle data in China and Europe
Authors: Chen Xiliang , Li Gang , Mehmood Muhammad Sajid , Nie Qifan , Yu Jie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe continuous improvement in the design and manufacture of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has enabled them to assist humans in aerial tasks. At present, UAVs are not only used for environmental data collection, but also used by photographers to take photos. As the popularity of consumer UAVs rises, an increasing number of tourists are transitioning from the traditional perspectives of mobile phone and hand-held camera photography to the aerial perspective of UAV photography. Therefore this study examines UAV photos and related data uploaded by photographers within China and Europe to the UAV forum SkyPixel by using cloud-based data from Microsoft Azure vision, and sentiment, social network and spatial analyses. In addition, this paper also investigates the commonalities and differences between the behaviors and preferences of photographers who utilize UAV photography recreationally. The results indicate that the core content of UAV photography revolves around three major themes: natural landscapes, destination transportation facilities, and the daily behaviors of people. However, photographers in China mainly exhibit neutral emotions, while European photographers display mostly positive emotions. Hot spots are concentrated in mature tourist areas, especially top destinations near waterbodies. This study fosters a new understanding of the emerging group of UAV users.
An affine transform center line extraction and discontinuity deviation correction method for non-orthogonal grid laser
Authors: Wang Biao , Ma Yuhan , Zhang Yuxuan , Yang Yongyue , Wang Yonghong , Li Hongli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The extraction of the laser center line is one of the key steps of laser scanning, which is related to the accuracy of the coordinate calculation. Non - orthogonal grid laser scanning has the advantages of a large measuring range and small translation error. For the extraction of the center line of the laser cross region of non-orthogonal grid, the discontinuity and deviation of the results obtained by the existing methods will cause the error of center line coordinate extraction. To solve these problems, according to the properties of image affine, an improved method of laser center extraction for non-orthogonal grid is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the image is divided into sub-images by affine transformation according to slopes, and the orthogonal grid laser image is obtained. Secondly, in order to solve the problem of centerline discontinuity, the orthogonal grid laser image was rotated 0° and 90°, and the Steger method was used to process images. Inverse affine transformation is performed on the results. Finally, the sub-images are clipped and splicing according to slopes, and the two rotation results are union to get the complete laser center line. By comparing various methods and 3D reconstruction experiments, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified in the center line extraction of grid laser cross-region.
Traversable wormholes with static spherical symmetry and their stability in higher-curvature gravity
Authors: Ilyas M. , Bamba Kazuharu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe solutions of traversable wormholes and their geometries are investigated in higher-curvature gravity with boundary terms for each case under the presence of anisotropic, isotropic and barotropic fluids in detail. For each case, the effective energy-momentum tensor violates the null energy condition throughout the wormhole throat. The null and weak energy conditions are also analyzed for ordinary matters. The regions that physically viable wormhole solutions can exist are explicitly shown. Furthermore, it is found that the range of the viable regions exhibits an alternating pattern of expansion and contraction. The present analyses can reveal the regions in which traversable wormholes can be constructed for anisotropic, isotropic and barotropic fluids cases with incorporating realistic matter contents, leading to fundamental physics insights into the feasible construction of wormholes in higher-curvature gravity with boundary term. The main achievements of this work, in contrast to previous studies, are its thorough investigation of traversable wormholes within the framework of higher-curvature gravity with boundary terms, its extensive consideration of various fluid types, and the explicit identification of regions where stable wormhole solutions can exist.
Nuclear mass predictions based on a deep neural network and finite-range droplet model (2012)*
Authors: Yiu 姚 To Chung 道驄 , Liang 梁 Haozhao 豪兆 , Lee 李 Jenny 曉菁 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A neural network with two hidden layers is developed for nuclear mass prediction, based on the finite-range droplet model (FRDM12). Different hyperparameters, including the number of hidden units, choice of activation functions, initializers, and learning rates, are adjusted explicitly and systematically. The resulting mass predictions are achieved by averaging the predictions given by several different sets of hyperparameters with different regularizers and seed numbers. This can provide not only the average values of mass predictions but also reliable estimations in the mass prediction uncertainties. The overall root-mean-square deviations of nuclear mass are reduced from 0.603 MeV for the FRDM12 model to 0.200 MeV and 0.232 MeV for the training and validation sets, respectively.
NEUTRA 2.0 – Upgrade of a pioneering instrument
Authors: Trtik P , Filges U , Bollhalder A , Ivanov A , Kalt A , Lehmann M , Mühlebach T , Schild M , Thürsam S , Welte J , Boillat P , Busi M , Hovind J , Kaestner A , Mannes D , Polatidis E , Strobl M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
After more than 25 years of successful operation of the thermal neutron imaging instrument NEUTRA, the NEUTRA 2.0 upgrade project has been approved. This upgrade implies a complete reconstruction of the instrument including a redesign of the shielding bunker. The inner usable area of the bunker will be increased thus creating ample space required in modern neutron imaging instruments for complex set-ups with bulk sample environments. Likewise, full access to an upstream measuring position, MP1, of the beamline will allow utilizing about half an order and one order of magnitude higher flux than at the currently accessible measurement positions MP2 and MP3, respectively. These measures will enable higher temporal resolution neutron imaging investigations and the use of the Neutron Microscope detector at NEUTRA. Together with more available space the higher flexibility of the interior arrangement will enable accommodating components for advanced neutron imaging techniques such as in-situ simultaneous bimodal neutron/x-ray imaging, time-of-flight imaging and thermal neutron grating interferometry. While the upgrade will enable advanced neutron imaging capabilities at NEUTRA 2.0, the instrumentation and techniques that were pioneered at NEUTRA in the past, like the XTRA option for in-line bimodal neutron/X-ray imaging and the NEURAP insert for neutron imaging of highly radioactive samples will be retained in the suite of the available modalities at the beamline.
Development of a Neutron Imaging Facility at the Very Low Power Reactor VR-1
Authors: Matouskova J , Schillinger B , Sklenka L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The paper describes the design and construction of a new neutron imaging facility at the very low-power research reactor VR-1. Neutron imaging has been under development at the VR-1 reactor as a new possible field of utilisation since 2020. The paper describes the main parts of the NIFFLER – “Neutron Imaging Facility for Learning and Research”. The detector system was designed in collaboration with the Technical University of Munich. The radial beam line modifications include different collimation ratios L/D, additional moderator configurations and the basic concept and design of the instrumentation. The paper also includes calculations of thermal neutron flux at the detector position for different radial beamline configurations. The results achieved at the training reactor VR-1 showed the potential of using neutron imaging at other low and very-low-power research reactors worldwide.
Simulation framework for INFER neutron grating interferometry experiments
Authors: Kim Y , Wolf C M , Sathe P S , Daugherty M C , Robinson S M , Kienzle P A , Bajcsy P , LaManna J M , Jacobson D L , Baltic E , Weigandt K M , Murphy R P , Klimov N N , Huber M G , Hussey D S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Dark-field imaging probes the projected autocorrelation function at the autocorrelation length of the grating interferometer and quantitatively accesses the parameters of a microstructure model. The National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed a novel far-field grating interferometer to study hierarchical materials in various fields such as polymer science, geology, additive manufacturing under the INFER project. In this work, we detail the simulation of dark-field imaging which is one of the goals of INFER.
Joint Bi-Modal Tomographic Reconstruction from Observations with Missing Data
Authors: Leatherland A , Bazin N , Aldrich-Smith G , Boardman R , Blumensath T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A method for tomographic reconstruction of bi-modal data sets using cross modal regularization was developed. The method constrains the Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique by using clustering-based segmented images and quality controlled fused images, to jointly regularize the reconstruction of structures imaged with different methods. The joint regularized reconstruction method was tested using a synthetic X-Ray and neutron data set with a mix of attenuation driven data starvation. Assuming consistent material boundaries in the different imaging modalities, it was shown that improvements in terms of the Feature Similarity Index Measure are made compared to a traditional SART-TV reconstruction. UK Ministry of Defence ©Crown Owned Copyright 2023/AWE