bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical quality and consumer acceptance of beef patties containing different levels of moringa oleifera leaf flour extract
Authors: Kartikasari L R , Hertanto B S , Swastike W , Barido F H , Nuhriawangsa A M P 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf flour extract (MOLFE) utilization on medium beef patties. The addition levels of MOLFE were set at 0 (P0), 2 (P1) and 4% (P2) (w/w). A total of 25 semi-trained panellists was asked to evaluate consumer acceptance using a preference measurement instrument of a 9-point hedonic scale. The physical quality and hedonic test data were analysed using analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test for a significantly different data. This study revealed a notable effect of MOLFE on raw patties pH (p<0.05), wherein its addition markedly decreased the raw pH value. No significant effect was observed for cooked pH, cooking loss and water holding capacity (WHC). Likewise, the hedonic test result was not differed among treatments (p>0.05), indicating acceptable inclusion of MOLFE into beef patties up to 4%. This study suggests the utilization of MOLFE up to 4% level can be applied to the manufacture of beef patties while maintaining its consumer acceptance.
Detection of Trypanosoma evansi in healthy horses, cattle and buffaloes in East Sumba: eight years after outbreak
Authors: Sawitri D H , Wardhana A H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Trypanosoma evansi is a widespread hemoflagellate parasite that causes surra (trypanosomiasis) in a variety of mammal species, including horses, cattle, and buffaloes. In 2010-2012, the greatest outbreak of surra in Indonesia occurred on one of Indonesia’s most remote islands, Sumba. This parasite has killed thousands of animals, particularly horses. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of T. evansi infection in healthy livestock (buffaloes, cattle, and horses) after the 8th outbreak in East Sumba using different methods, including serological test (CATT/T. evansi), parasitological test (WBF, Giemsa-stained blood smears (GSBS), and Microhematocrit Centrifugation Test (MHCT), and molecular method by PCR. The survey was conducted during the arid season, when the population of vectors was at its lowest. Blood samples were taken from 111 animals in three subdistricts in East Sumba (Lewa, Wulla Waijelu, and Kota Waingapu). Results revealed that the infection rate of livestock with T. evansi varies by animal species and detection methods. No positive sampel found by Micro Hematocrit Centrifugation Test (MHCT), wet blood film (WBF), and Giemza-stained blood smears (GSBS). The overall infection prevalence according CATT/T.evansi and PCR were 7.2%(8/111) and 5.4% (6/111); respectively. The infection rates by CATT T.evansi and PCR were as follows: horse, 0/57 (0%) and 1/57(1.75%); buffalo 5/23 (21.7%) and 13.04% (3/23); cattle, 3/31 (9.7%) and 2/31(6.45%); respectively. Buffalo and cattle have a higher prevalence of T. evansi compared to horses. The results of the present study indicate that cattle and buffalo may serve as a reservoir for T. evansi, which poses a high risk to horses due to the virulence of Surra when vector populations are abundant.
Using artificial intelligence to predict the tribology behavior of MoS2-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid
Authors: He Jiaqi , Li Huijian , Tang Huajie , Guo Zihan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence algorithms including two artificial neural network and two machine learning algorithms were employed to predict the four-ball tribology behavior of MoS2-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid. MoS2-Al2O3 composite nanoparticles were synthesized using solvothermal method and then dispersed in water-based fluids. 27 groups of tribology tests were conducted according to Box-Behnken experimental design were set as the training groups. The input variables (velocity of friction pairs, test force, test temperature, nanoparticle concentration) and output parameters (friction coefficient, wear scar diameter, wear surface roughness) were selected as the main variables. It was found that the random forest (RF) had better predict accuracy and stability for the four-ball tribology behavior of MoS2-Al2O3 nanofluid than multilayer perceptron (MLP), back propagation (BP) and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms. Besides, Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to reveal the relationship between input and output as well as different output variables. Through in-depth characterization of worn surface, a tribofilm in the thickness of 15 ∼ 20 nm composed of amorphous phases, ultra-fine nanoparticles and iron compounds was found. Finally, the lubrication mechanism of MoS2-Al2O3 nanofluid were discussed based on analyzing the tribology behavior data and tribofilm structure. Through the above findings, we hope to promote the application and development of artificial intelligence techniques in lubricants design and performance evaluation in the future.
Process optimization of quenching and partitioning by machine learning aided with orthogonal experimental design
Authors: Dai Na , Li Jian , Qin Hai , He Guolin , Li Pengfei , Wu Zhenghua , Wang Shanlin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Owing to a balance between toughness and strength, quenching and partitioning (Q&P) is promising in steel industry. However, for a new material or a new process, it remains challenging how to get the best parameters in low cost way. Here, a novel workflow combining orthogonal experimental design with artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization, was adopted to explore the relationship between quenching and partitioning process parameters and properties in Fe-0.65 wt%C-1.50 wt%Si-0.91 wt%Mn-1.08 wt%W steel. By using this method, the workload is reduced significantly. Compared with traditional process, the elongation of the steel increases by 146% times without loss in yield strength and a little improvement in ultimate tensile strength by quenching at 167 °C followed by partitioning at 367 °C for 5.0 min.
When energy doesn’t add up: use of an energyshed framework in assessing progress towards renewable energy transitions
Authors: Garrett Kayla P , McManamay Ryan A , DeRolph Christopher R 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Global progress in energy transitions to support climate mitigation goals has been slower than anticipated; this has prompted shifts away from traditional paradigms of regulated energy ownership towards a model of energy democratization by local communities and individuals. For example, in the United States, local communities in over 250 cities, counties, and states have made pledges to reach 100% renewable electrification by target dates ranging from 2020 to 2050. However, the availability of infrastructure and the competition for renewable energy resources, as well as lack of awareness of these limitations, present significant barriers to overcome. In this study, we explored a subset of 31 of these cities to assess their current electricity generation and how much further they have to go to meet their goals. Through an energyshed framework, we estimated powerplant electricity allocation to each city assuming competition for power from various renewable and non-renewable resource types, as well as look at the ‘best case scenario’ assuming 100% allocation of renewable-sourced electricity for a handful of cities in order to understand the existing and planned energy mixes for 2021 and the following 20 years. It is likely most cities will meet 10% of their energy demand with renewable energy, with best cases scenarios reaching between 35% and 65% renewable penetration, within the next 20–30 years. This highlights the need for infrastructural development in the energy sector, as well as intentional planning efforts in order to make these energy goals a reality.
Alterations in white matter fiber tracts and their correlation with flying cadet behavior
Authors: Chen Xi , Chu Qi , Meng Qingbin , Xu Peiran , Zhang Shicong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that flight training alters the human brain structure; however, most studies have focused on gray matter, and the exploration of white matter structure has been largely neglected. This study aimed to investigate the changes in white matter structure induced by flight training and estimate the correlation between such changes and psychomotor and flight performance. Diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 25 flying cadets and 24 general college students. Data were collected in 2019 and 2022 and analyzed using automated fiber quantification. This study found no significant changes in the flight group in 2019. However, in 2022, the flight group exhibited significant alterations in the diffusion tensor imaging of the right anterior thalamic radiation, left cingulum cingulate, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, and left arcuate fasciculus. These changes occurred within local nodes of the fiber tracts. In addition, we found that changes in fiber tracts in the 2022 flight group were correlated with the reaction time of the psychomotor test task and flight duration. These findings may help improve flight training programs and provide new ideas for the selection of excellent pilots.
An optimized relational database for querying structural patterns in proteins
Authors: Angles Renzo , Arenas-Salinas Mauricio , García Roberto , Ingram Ben 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A database is an essential component in almost any software system, and its creation involves more than just data modeling and schema design. It also includes query optimization and tuning. This paper focuses on a web system called GSP4PDB, which is used for searching structural patterns in proteins. The system utilizes a normalized relational database, which has proven to be inefficient even for simple queries. This article discusses the optimization of the GSP4PDB database by implementing two techniques: denormalization and indexing. The empirical evaluation described in the article shows that combining these techniques enhances the efficiency of the database when querying both real and artificial graph–based structural patterns.
Mixed aortic valve disease: association with paravalvular leak and reduced survival after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Demirel Caglayan , Winter Max Paul , Nitsche Christian , Koschatko Sophia , Jantsch Charlotte , Mascherbauer Katharina , Halavina Kseniya , Heitzinger Gregor , Dona Carolina , Dannenberg Varius , Spinka Georg , Koschutnik Matthias , Andreas Martin , Hengstenberg Christian , Bartko Philipp E 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) revolutionized the therapy of severe aortic stenosis (AS) with rising numbers. Mixed aortic valve disease (MAVD) treated by TAVR is gaining more interest, as those patients represent a more complex cohort as compared with isolated AS. However, concerning long-term outcome for this cohort only, limited data are available. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of MAVD in TAVR patients, investigate its association with paravalvular regurgitation (PVR), and analyse its impact on long-term mortality after TAVRMethods and resultsWe conducted a registry-based cohort study using the Vienna TAVR registry, enrolling patients who underwent TAVR at Medical University of Vienna between January 2007 and May 2020 with available transthoracic echocardiography before and after TAVR (n = 880). Data analysis included PVR incidence and long-term survival outcomes. A total of 647 (73.52%) out of 880 patients had ≥ mild aortic regurgitation next to severe AS. MAVD was associated with PVR compared with isolated AS with an odds ratio of 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51–2.81 (P = &lt;0.001). More than mild PVR after TAVR (n = 168 out of 880: 19.09%) was related to higher mortality compared with the absence of PVR with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05– 1.67 (P = 0.016). MAVD patients developing ≥ mild PVR after TAVR were also associated with higher mortality compared with the absence of PVR with an HR of 1.30 and 95% CI: 1.04–1.62 (P = 0.022).ConclusionMAVD is prevalent among TAVR patients and presents unique challenges, with increased PVR risk and worse outcomes compared with isolated AS. Long-term survival for MAVD patients, not limited to those developing PVR post-TAVR, is compromised. Earlier intervention before the occurrence of structural myocardial damage or surgical valve replacement might be a potential workaround to improve outcomes.
Atrial fibrillation type and long-term clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with heart failure: insight from JROADHF
Authors: Hamatani Yasuhiro , Enzan Nobuyuki , Iguchi Moritake , Yoshizawa Takashi , Kawaji Tetsuma , Ide Tomomi , Tohyama Takeshi , Matsushima Shouji , Abe Mitsuru , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Akao Masaharu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Aims
Atrial fibrillation (AF) type (paroxysmal, persistent, or permanent) is important in determining therapeutic management; however, clinical outcomes by AF type are largely unknown for hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods and results
The Japanese Registry Of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure is a retrospective, multicenter, and nationwide registry of patients hospitalized for acute HF in Japan. Follow-up data were collected up to 5 years after hospitalization. Patients were divided based on diagnosis and AF type into 3 groups [without AF, paroxysmal AF, and sustained AF (defined as a composite of persistent and permanent AF)], and compared the backgrounds and outcomes between the groups. Of 12 895 hospitalized HF patients [mean age: 78 ± 13 years, female: 6077 (47%), and mean left ventricular ejection fraction: 47 ± 17%], 1725 had paroxysmal AF, and 3672 had sustained AF. Compared with patients without AF, sustained AF had a higher risk of the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular (CV) death or HF hospitalization [hazard ratio (HR): 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.17; P = 0.03], mainly driven by HF hospitalization [HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.06–1.26; P &lt; 0.001], whereas the corresponding risk for the primary endpoint in patients with paroxysmal AF was not elevated (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.94–1.13; P = 0.53) after adjustment by multivariable Cox regression analysis. These results were consistent among the subgroups of patients with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (interaction P = 0.74).

Conclusion
Among hospitalized patients with HF, sustained AF, but not paroxysmal AF, was significantly associated with a higher risk for CV death or HF hospitalization, indicating the importance of accounting for AF type in HF patients.
Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia, and H-type hypertension
Authors: Wu Dong-Feng , Yin Rui-Xing , Deng Jin-Long 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHomocysteine (Hcy) is a sulphur-containing nonessential amino acid derived from the intermediate metabolites of methionine. Methionine is obtained from dietary proteins, such as poultry, meat, eggs, seafood, and dairy products. Abnormalities in Hcy metabolic pathways, deficiencies in dietary methionine, folate, and vitamins B12, B6, and B2 and genetic defects, polymorphisms, or mutations in Hcy metabolism-related enzymes may lead to an increase in plasma Hcy levels. Generally, a plasma Hcy level higher than 10 or 15 μmol/L has been defined as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). An individual with essential hypertension complicated with HHcy is considered to have H-type hypertension (HTH). Currently, HHcy is considered a novel independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. To provide a useful reference for clinicians, the research progress on Hcy, HHcy, and HTH in recent years was systematically reviewed here, with a focus on the source and metabolic pathways of Hcy, plasma Hcy levels and influencing factors, detection methods for plasma Hcy levels, relationship between Hcy concentration and hypertension, pathogenesis of HTH, cardiovascular complications of HTH, and treatment of HTH.
Agnogenic practices and corporate political strategy: the legitimation of UK gambling industry-funded youth education programmes
Authors: van Schalkwyk May C I , Hawkins Benjamin , Petticrew Mark , Maani Nason , Garde Amandine , Reeves Aaron , McKee Martin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Agnogenic practices—designed to create ignorance or doubt—are well-established strategies employed by health-harming industries (HHI). However, little is known about their use by industry-funded organizations delivering youth education programmes. We applied a previously published framework of corporate agnogenic practices to analyse how these organizations used them in three UK gambling industry-funded youth education programmes. Evidential strategies adopted previously by other HHI are prominent in the programmes’ practitioner-facing materials, evaluation design and reporting and in public statements about the programmes. We show how agnogenic practices are employed to portray these youth education programmes as ‘evidence-based’ and ‘evaluation-led’. These practices distort the already limited evidence on these educational initiatives while legitimizing industry-favourable policies, which prioritize commercial interests over public health. Given the similarities in political strategies adopted by different industries, these findings are relevant to research and policy on other HHI.
The Case for Rage in Transitional Justice: Lessons from the Anti-Racist Struggle
Authors: Leiby R. S 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Transitional justice theorizing has the tendency to smuggle in an over-reliance on dualities: one’s resentment can give rise to either vengeance or forgiveness, but not both; one can either be fueled by anger or by the hope of progress, but not both; and so on. This dualistic way of thinking replicates the kinds of false dichotomies that hamstring other societal movements, among them the struggle against racism. Drawing on Myisha Cherry’s case for so-called ‘Lordean rage’ within the context of the anti-racist movement, I make the case that transitional justice in general would be well-served by centering the transformative power of emotion (even and especially when that emotion defies oversimplified and strict categorization).
Compressive Fourier collocation methods for high-dimensional diffusion equations with periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Wang Weiqi , Brugiapaglia Simone 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) are a popular mathematical modelling tool, with applications ranging from finance to computational chemistry. However, standard numerical techniques for solving these PDEs are typically affected by the curse of dimensionality. In this work, we tackle this challenge while focusing on stationary diffusion equations defined over a high-dimensional domain with periodic boundary conditions. Inspired by recent progress in sparse function approximation in high dimensions, we propose a new method called compressive Fourier collocation. Combining ideas from compressive sensing and spectral collocation, our method replaces the use of structured collocation grids with Monte Carlo sampling and employs sparse recovery techniques, such as orthogonal matching pursuit and $\ell ^1$ minimization, to approximate the Fourier coefficients of the PDE solution. We conduct a rigorous theoretical analysis showing that the approximation error of the proposed method is comparable with the best $s$-term approximation (with respect to the Fourier basis) to the solution. Using the recently introduced framework of random sampling in bounded Riesz systems, our analysis shows that the compressive Fourier collocation method mitigates the curse of dimensionality with respect to the number of collocation points under sufficient conditions on the regularity of the diffusion coefficient. We also present numerical experiments that illustrate the accuracy and stability of the method for the approximation of sparse and compressible solutions.
Neck circumference as a predictor of all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older adults in rural Ecuador
Authors: Del Brutto Oscar H , Rumbea Denisse A , Patel Maitri , Mera Robertino M 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Neck circumference (NC) has been associated with mortality secondary to cardiovascular diseases and other conditions. However, information on this association in the population at large is limited. We aimed to assess this association in community dwellers living in rural Ecuador.

Methods
Individuals aged ≥40 y who were enrolled in the population-based Three Villages Study cohort were prospectively followed to estimate mortality risk according to baseline measurements of NC, after adjusting for relevant confounders.

Results
Analysis included 1521 individuals followed for a mean of 6.4±3.4 y. Mean NC was 36.2±3.7 cm, with 509 (33%) individuals allocated to the first (25–34 cm), 319 (21%) to the second (36–37 cm), 417 (27%) to the third (37–39 cm) and 276 (18%) to the fourth (40–50 cm) quartile. A total of 211 (14%) individuals died during the follow-up. Overall, the crude mortality rate was 2.3 per 100 person-years, which increased to 5.63 for those in the fourth NC quartile. An adjusted Cox-proportional hazards model showed that individuals in the fourth quartile of NC had higher mortality risk compared with the first quartile (HR: 2.98; 95% CI 1.77 to 5.02).

Conclusion
Larger NC increases mortality risk in middle-aged and older adults of indigenous ancestry living in rural Ecuador.
High amino acid osmotrophic incorporation by marine eukaryotic phytoplankton revealed by click chemistry
Authors: Mena Catalina , Deulofeu-Capo Ona , Forn Irene , Dordal-Soriano Júlia , Mantilla-Arias Yulieth A , Samos Iván P , Sebastián Marta , Cardelús Clara , Massana Ramon , Romera-Castillo Cristina , Mallenco-Fornies Rebeca , Gasol Josep M , Ruiz-González Clara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe osmotrophic uptake of dissolved organic compounds in the ocean is considered to be dominated by heterotrophic prokaryotes, whereas the role of planktonic eukaryotes is still unclear. We explored the capacity of natural eukaryotic plankton communities to incorporate the synthetic amino acid L-homopropargylglycine (HPG, analogue of methionine) using biorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT), and we compared it with prokaryotic HPG use throughout a 9-day survey in the NW Mediterranean. BONCAT allows to fluorescently identify translationally active cells, but it has never been applied to natural eukaryotic communities. We found a large diversity of photosynthetic and heterotrophic eukaryotes incorporating HPG into proteins, with dinoflagellates and diatoms showing the highest percentages of BONCAT-labelled cells (49 ± 25% and 52 ± 15%, respectively). Among them, pennate diatoms exhibited higher HPG incorporation in the afternoon than in the morning, whereas small (≤5 μm) photosynthetic eukaryotes and heterotrophic nanoeukaryotes showed the opposite pattern. Centric diatoms (e.g. Chaetoceros, Thalassiosira, and Lauderia spp.) dominated the eukaryotic HPG incorporation due to their high abundances and large sizes, accounting for up to 86% of the eukaryotic BONCAT signal and strongly correlating with bulk 3H-leucine uptake rates. When including prokaryotes, eukaryotes were estimated to account for 19–31% of the bulk BONCAT signal. Our results evidence a large complexity in the osmotrophic uptake of HPG, which varies over time within and across eukaryotic groups and highlights the potential of BONCAT to quantify osmotrophy and protein synthesis in complex eukaryotic communities.