bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HOD-dependent systematics in Emission Line Galaxies for the DESI 2024 BAO analysis
Authors: Garcia-Quintero C. , Mena-Fernández J. , Rocher A. , Yuan S. , Hadzhiyska B. , Alves O. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , Nadathur S. , Howlett C. , Ishak M. , Medina-Varela L. , McDonald P. , Ross A.J. , Xie Y. , Chen X. , Bera A. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Andrade U. , BenZvi S. , Brooks D. , Burtin E. , Chen S. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , de Mattia A. , Dey A. , Dey B. , Ding Z. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Guy J. , Hahn C. , Honscheid K. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Yu J. , Zhang H. , Zhou R. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) will provide precise measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) to constrain the expansion history of the Universe and set stringent constraints on dark energy. Therefore, precise control of the global error budget due to various systematic effects is required for the DESI 2024 BAO analysis. In this work, we estimate the level of systematics induced in the DESI BAO analysis due the assumed Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model for the Emission Line Galaxy (ELG) tracer. We make use of mock galaxy catalogs constructed by fitting various HOD models to early DESI data, namely the One-Percent survey data. Our analysis includes typical HOD models for the ELG tracer used in the literature as well as extensions to the baseline models. Among the extensions, we consider various recipes for galactic conformity and assembly bias. We use 25 AbacusSummit simulations under the ΛCDM cosmology for each HOD model and perform independent analyses in Fourier space and in configuration space. To recover the BAO signal from our mocks we perform BAO reconstruction and apply the control variates technique to reduce sample variance noise. Our BAO analyses can recover the isotropic BAO parameter α
iso within 0.1% and the Alcock Paczynski parameter α
AP within 0.3%. Overall, we find that the systematic error due to the HOD dependence is below 0.17%, with the Fourier space analysis being more robust against the HOD systematics. We conclude that our analysis pipeline is robust enough against the HOD systematics for the ELG tracer in the DESI 2024 BAO analysis, for the assumptions made.
Optimal reconstruction of baryon acoustic oscillations for DESI 2024
Authors: Paillas E. , Ding Z. , Chen X. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , de Mattia A. , Ross A.J. , Nadathur S. , Howlett C. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alves O. , Andrade U. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burtin E. , Chen S. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , Dey Arjun , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Ferraro S. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Garcia-Quintero C. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Hahn C. , Hanif M.M.S. , Honscheid K. , Ishak M. , Kehoe R. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Medina-Varela L. , Meisner A. , Mena-Fernández J. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Rezaie M. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Sanchez E. , Saulder C. , Schlafly E.F. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Valcin D. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Yu J. , Yuan S. , Zhou R. , Zou H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) provide a robust standard ruler to measure the expansion history of the Universe through galaxy clustering. Density-field reconstruction is now a widely adopted procedure for increasing the precision and accuracy of the BAO detection. With the goal of finding the optimal reconstruction settings to be used in the DESI 2024 galaxy BAO analysis, we assess the sensitivity of the post-reconstruction BAO constraints to different choices in our analysis configuration, performing tests on blinded data from the first year of DESI observations (DR1), as well as on mocks that mimic the expected clustering and selection properties of the DESI DR1 target samples. Overall, we find that BAO constraints remain robust against multiple aspects in the reconstruction process, including the choice of smoothing scale, treatment of redshift-space distortions, fiber assignment incompleteness, and parameterizations of the BAO model. We also present a series of tests that DESI followed in order to assess the maturity of the end-to-end galaxy BAO pipeline before the unblinding of the large-scale structure catalogs.
Initial performance assessment and calibration techniques of the production monolithic silicon pixel detector ASIC for the detection of electromagnetic showers of TeV energy in the FASER experiment at the LHC
Authors: Kotitsa Rafaella Eleni ,   the FASER collaboration
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The FASER experiment at the LHC aims to detect new, long-lived fundamental particles. A tungsten-silicon (W-Si) preshower detector is being developed to enhance the experiment's ability to distinguish between closely spaced photon pairs with energies on the order of TeV and separations as small as 200 µm. This detector will use a monolithic silicon pixel sensor fabricated with 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Initial tests were conducted on the production ASIC, after evaluating the performance of the preproduction ASIC. The first tests on the production ASIC indicate that the essential components of the monolithic silicon pixel detector are operating as expected. Two calibration methods were developed to reconstruct the charge of the FASER preshower detector, from the ASICs' ADC values.
2794 A MUST to improve patient outcomes; a multidisciplinary approach to improving nutrition
Authors: Mellor M , Tanner S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Malnutrition is a significant problem in the hospitalised population, particularly in those with cognitive impairment. Malnutrition has been shown to increase rates of infection, pressure sores, length of stay, readmission and morbidity. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) scoring identifies adults at risk of malnutrition and prompts dietetic referrals where appropriate. MUST score recordings across four Complex Medicine Units in the John Radcliffe Hospital were often inaccurate or incomplete, impacting on the identification of malnutrition and timely referral to dietetics. Multi-disciplinary teaching on MUST scores improved identification of malnutrition in this patient population. Further interventions are planned.

Methods
Electronic patient records for patients &gt;/=75 years of age admitted to the Complex Medical Units at the John Radcliffe Hospital with a diagnosis of cognitive impairment were analysed. The percentage of patients who had either an incomplete or incorrect MUST score were identified. The percentage of patients that did not receive a referral to dietetics due to an underestimated MUST score and the reasons for the underestimation, were determined. Multi-disciplinary teaching interventions focussing on the identification of malnutrition in inpatients were implemented. MUST score recording was re-analysed following intervention.

Results
71% of MUST scores underestimated risk of malnutrition. 67% of this cohort met criteria for referral to dietetics based on a corrected score, with only 33% of this group receiving the appropriate referral. Failure to identify weight loss in the preceding 3–6 months accounted for 88% of inaccurate scores. Multi-disciplinary teaching interventions improved MUST score accuracy by 14%, indicating improved identification of malnutrition risk.

Conclusion
Identification of malnutrition is important to improve patient outcomes. Changes to practise will include multi-disciplinary education, improved use of technology to generate accurate MUST scores and the utilisation of transfer boards with integrated weighing scales to ensure all new admissions have an accurate weight.
2870 Improving multidisciplinary team meetings on an elderly medicine Ward at Leeds teaching hospitals trust
Authors: Brew E , Cracknell A , Flinders A , Ninan S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Within our ward multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings we noted that there was often a lack of attendance from key disciplines, inconsistent content, and an overly medical emphasis. We wished to create an MDT that was structured, with consistent input from nursing and therapy teams, covering components of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA).

Methods
On one pilot ward, we agreed a new structure to MDT meetings. Clinical leadership was required to facilitate staff sharing their observations, with clinicians speaking less. We used an A0 poster as a clear visual prompt for maintaining structure. A survey on teamworking and safety was performed on the pilot ward by the Improvement Academy. We had several iterations, but a standardised structure with key ingredients for MDTs was rolled out across five other Elderly Medicine wards. A further survey was performed examining opinions on quality of MDT working.

Results
After our interventions, CFS, 4AT and mobility went from being discussed 0% of the time in July 2021 to 100% of the time on the pilot ward between January and July 2024. Mobility went from being discussed from 0% in July 2021 to 71% in May 2024 across all wards. 90.5% of the pilot team thought that decision making utilised input from relevant team members. In a further survey in May 2024, 82.6% agreed that the relevant team members opinions were listened to.

Conclusion
A structured MDT process was successful in incorporating key elements of CGA whilst improving MDT teamworking. Starting with a single ward allowed others to gain confidence in the success of the process and enable natural spread. Key stakeholders including organisational leads were consulted and involved in improvement work, such that this is now a standard way of working. The lessons learned are being used to contribute to a digital dashboard tracking MDT progress.
2887 Transforming advance care planning with the rollout of EPIC in post-acute geriatric medicine wards
Authors: Walker J , Barling A , Lochlainn M Ni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Advance care planning (ACP) allows patients to prepare for their future and articulate their care preferences. Despite it being a major policy focus there are significant barriers that affect ACP delivery, including paperwork burden and information sharing difficulties. Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are fundamental to how ACP conversations are recorded and communicated. We present data from inpatient geriatric medicine unit during a change in trust-wide EHR (namely, EPIC) and a contemporaneous ACP educational drive.

Methods
Clinical notes for all patients on three geriatric wards were analysed on a single day in July 2023 and April 2024. EPIC was rolled out in October 2023. Demographics including age, admission and discharge destination, clinical frailty score (CFS) and social circumstances were retrieved, and notes were reviewed for ACP decisions. Teaching took the form of regular small group seminars for ward teams, and departmental sessions to build confidence and optimise ACP documentation using the new software.

Results
83 and 85 patients were identified in July 23 and April 24 respectively. Demographic data were similar between groups including mean age (82; 84), CFS of ≥6 (67%; 61%). In July cohort, one patient had an ACP. In April, 20 patients had an ACP and 8 patients had a Universal Care Plan.

Conclusion(s)
Significant improvements were noted in ACP delivery and documentation. Following the launch of EPIC alongside targeted teaching to staff members, the proportion of patients with an ACP increased by 23% and UCP by 10% over a 9-month period. EPIC includes improved ability to search for relevant information and dedicated space to document ACP plans, both of which may have contributed to these results. Future work aims to expand this learning into GSTT community services and across other trusts, capitalising on the potential of improved EHR technology in the NHS.
2852 A proactive multidisciplinary approach to reviewing health and care needs of nursing home residents in a primary care network
Authors: Jumabhoy F , Ninan S , Narayana D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
We proactively reviewed nursing home residents using a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach within a Primary Care Network (PCN). We aimed to enhance care coordination, reduce inappropriate medication use and ensure all residents had current advanced care plans in place.

Method
An MDT comprising a geriatrician, prescribing pharmacist, general practitioner, and nurse reviewed residents proactively. This involved reviewing the residents’ current health and care needs, falls risk, medication regimens and advance care plans. We then performed medication reviews, reviewed advanced care plans, and identified the need for further interventions. When we repeated the process, we used a proforma that could be pre-populated prior to the meeting by the pharmacist and geriatrician to improve efficiency of the discussion.

Results
The initiative was piloted in two residential nursing homes with a total of 65 residents reviewed, of which 86% (n = 56) received interventions. There was a 47% (n = 29) increase in completed advanced care plans. 62% (n = 40) of residents had medicines optimised, with polypharmacy being reduced in 46% (n = 30) by an average of 2 medications per resident. 8% (n = 5) were referred to additional services and 8% (n = 5) required further investigations.

Conclusion(s)
This proactive MDT model effectively addressed the needs of residents whilst demonstrating immediate positive outcomes. Key facilitators to good practice were teamwork, clarifying the objectives of the MDT, prior reviews of patient records, and ensuring staff who knew the residents well were present. We will use this approach with other nursing homes within the PCN and share our results with colleagues. This has the potential to reduce costs of medications and hospital admissions, as well as improve quality.
2807 Lonely-less: a quality improvement project addressing loneliness in the elderly following neck of femur fracture
Authors: Moore-Gillon C , Thompson E , Agwada-Akeru J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Loneliness affects nearly a third of adults aged &gt;70. It increases the risk of conditions including depression, coronary artery disease and stroke. Lonely individuals are at increased risk of falls, hospital attendances and prolonged admissions. Following hip fracture, patients are particularly at risk and pre-fracture loneliness is associated with poorer outcomes. An inpatient stay offers the opportunity to screen for and address pre-fracture loneliness.

Aims
100% of patients to have a University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) 3-item loneliness score by day 5 post-operatively. A score of 6 or above necessitates referral for community befriending services.

Study population
Patients aged &gt;70 admitted with femoral neck fractures to orthogeriatric wards.

Methods
The project followed a Plan-Do-Study-Act approach. Electronic records were reviewed weekly for documentation of loneliness scores and referral to community befriending.

Interventions
1. Doctor education session on loneliness and the UCLA 3-item loneliness scoring. 2. Inclusion of the loneliness score in the pre-populated ward round proforma.

Results
Of 102 patients, 63% of patients were female, mean age 85. At baseline, 0% had a loneliness score documented. This improved to 57% following intervention 1, returning to 0% after 2 weeks. Following intervention 2, this improved to 56% but fell to 25% after 6 weeks. Of 23 patients with completed scores, 5 (22%) had a high loneliness score and 4 patients were referred for befriending services.

Conclusion
High rates of loneliness were demonstrated, in line with national predictions. Assessment improved following interventions but was not sustained. Investigation suggested this was due to rapid turnover of doctors, and successive cohorts were unaware of quality improvement programmes before moving on. We believe this to be an important finding, with wider implications for research into improving patient care. Further steps include discussion of loneliness in weekly departmental meetings with the wider Multi-Disciplinary Team.
2854 A change initiative to improve patient safety in inpatient fall management through enhanced compliance with the PFMA document
Authors: Ragunathan J , Vinnakota D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The local issue tackled was the suboptimal compliance with the Patient Fall Management Assessment (PFMA) on the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) due to assessments being completed on alternative electronic documents. The goal was to emphasise on this to improve patient safety.

Methods
Audit data was collected by reviewing incident reports of inpatient falls across various complex care wards over a 12-month period each, with 109 notes reviewed in the first cycle and 204 in the second.

Interventions
The approach involved conducting repeated training sessions for all grades of training doctors within the trust.

Results
The first audit cycle revealed fair compliance with the PFMA document (87%), documenting events (94%), examinations (87–96%), further investigations and management (80–86%). However, these were lacking for past medical history (61%), medications, especially anticoagulation/antiplatelets (58%), although antihypertensives/sedative reviews were better (75%). The interventions led to a small (2%) increase in the use of the PFMA document but a 100% compliance in recording fall events and a 13% improvement in documenting histories. Review of blood thinners and other medications improved by 17% and 8% respectively. Significant improvements were also seen in examinations and developing management plans. Despite these advancements, 14% of patients experienced recurrent falls, indicating a need for ongoing efforts.

Conclusions
The audit highlighted the effectiveness of continuous training to ensure regular understanding of the importance of completing the PFMA. Given the frequent rotation of junior doctors as well as the increasing variety of allied health care professionals reviewing patients, especially out of hours, this presents a particular challenge. Future efforts will focus on more sustainable methods of increasing awareness of the PFMA such as discussion at multi-disciplinary staff inductions and welcome packs. Sustaining these improvements will involve regular audits and feedback loops as well as feedback on the document itself to assess for future improvements.
2441 Reducing anticholinergic burden in older adults from an acute geriatric Ward—a quality improvement activity using education
Authors: Loh KY , Ho APY , Lim KS , Varman SD 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
In older adults, anticholinergic burden (ACB) is associated with serious adverse effects including delirium, falls, functional decline, cognitive decline and death. We carried out a quality improvement project in an inpatient acute geriatric ward, aiming to reduce the percentage of older adults with high ACB scores on discharge by 15% from a baseline of 48% over a period of 3 months.

Method
A pre-interventional analysis of all patients discharged from a single acute geriatric ward in Changi General Hospital was performed. A pre-intervention survey was conducted to assess awareness among physicians of ACB and tools used. Fish-bone diagram, pareto chart and driver diagram were used to identify root causes, highlight the barriers and to prioritise interventions. Interventions in the form of educational posters on ACB, non-pharmacological management of delirium and behavioural symptoms of dementia were made available at the ward. ACB scores were generated for all patients on discharge, using an online ACB calculator [1], which combined the use of 2 validated scales: anticholinergic cognitive burden scale [2] and the German anticholinergic burden scale [3].

Results
396 patients were included in the analysis. Median percentage of patients with high ACB scores (≥3) on discharge was reduced from 48.4% pre-intervention to 16.1% post-intervention. Out of 14 physicians surveyed pre-intervention, 21.4% was unaware of the term ‘ACB’ and availability of ACB scoring systems.

Conclusion
An education approach is effective in raising awareness and reducing use of anticholinergic medications in an acute geriatric ward. This highlights the importance of incorporating ACB awareness and the tools into geriatric department teaching programmes.

References
1. ACB Calculator. (n.d.). https://www.acbcalc.com/.
2. Boustani M., et al.Ageing Health. 2008. 4(3). 311–320.
3. Kiesel EK. et al.BMC Geriatr. 2018;18:239.
2638 First study of cardiovascular risk estimation using Globorisk in a Latin American geriatric cohort with COPD
Authors: Hernández J , Ochoa V , Theran J , Badillo L , Torres H , Dulcey L , Gómez J , Trillos M , Vera D , Gómez V , Peña A , Amaya C , Rodriguez M , Ramos G , Gandur N , Gómez V , Olarte A , Trillos V , Picón M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
It is expected that by the fourth decade of the 21st century, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will become the third leading cause of death worldwide. These data require awareness among treating physicians of these patients.

Methods
A pilot study was conducted from January 2020–December 2022 in a South American health institution in which cardiovascular risk was estimated using GLOBORISK and ATP-III criteria. Data derived from the metabolic profile included in the ATP-III criteria were collected. Quantitative variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) according to their distribution and qualitative variables as percentages. Student’s t-test was performed to evaluate differences between two variables. All statistical analyses were performed with (SPSS for Windows, v.22.1; Chicago, IL).

Results
The present study showed that metabolic syndrome variables in these patients were elevated. Male sex was 77% and female 23%, smoking 61%. The GLOBORISK equation found mostly patients with low to moderate cardiovascular risk. It was found that there was a higher cardiovascular risk in those patients with FEV1 less than 30%, showing a statistical correlation of this alteration for the GLOBORISK scale.

Conclusions
This is the first pilot study that estimates cardiovascular risk using GLOBORISK in the COPD population. We consider integrating national and international networks to compare the results found here.