bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular electronic stopping cross section for H and He beams colliding with water: projectile charge state contribution
Authors: Cabrera-Trujillo R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
When an ion beam impinges on a target material, electron stripping and capture processes involve different charge fraction states in the beam, such that each projectile charge state produces a different energy-loss. In this work, the energy deposition of swift hydrogen and helium ion beams colliding with a water target in the gas phase is studied. The electronic structure of the molecular target is represented in terms of core, bond, and lone pair orbital decomposition within a Harmonic Oscillator representation. In this way, the stopping cross section becomes only a function of the orbital mean excitation energy, I
0i
. The ion beam charge fraction compositions colliding on water is determined from the work of Wedlund et al (2019) Astronomy & Astrophysics, 630, A36) by accounting for the electron transfer cross sections. We find that the larger the projectile charge state, the larger the electronic stopping cross section and that the beam charge fraction determines the position of the maximum of the electronic stopping curve. Also, in agreement with the experiment, evidence is given on the dominant role of the largest projectile charge state in defining the stopping cross section for high energy collisions, while for low collision energies it is the lowest charge state together with all possible charge states contributing at the maximum of the electronic stopping cross section curve. Our results are reported and compared to available experimental data showing an excellent agreement to the available literature.
Global simulations of kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic processes with energetic electrons in tokamak plasmas
Authors: Bao J. , Zhang W.L. , Li D. , Lin Z. , Qiu Z.Y. , Chen W. , Zhu X. , Cheng J.Y. , Dong C. , Cao J.T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The energetic electrons (EEs) produced from auxiliary heatings have been found to destabilize various Alfven eigenmodes (AEs) in recent experiments. To investigate EE relevant kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes, a global fluid-kinetic hybrid model is formulated and verified in this work, which consists of Landau-fluid bulk plasmas and drift-kinetic EEs that incorporates the dominant damping and drive mechanisms, respectively. The numerical capability of Landau-fluid bulk plasmas is obtained based on a well-benchmarked eigenvalue code multiscale analysis for plasma stability (MAS) using general geometry (Bao et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion
63 076021), and the comprehensive EE responses to the low frequency (

ω
≪

Ω

c
i

) MHD fluctuations are analytically derived and implemented in MAS, which not only cover contributions from trapped and passing particles, but also take into account the effects of adiabatic fluid convection and non-adiabatic kinetic compression. The linear properties of EE-driven beta-induced AEs (e-BAEs) are systematically studied using both MAS model and gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC) particle-in-cell simulations. Building on the good agreements on the mode structure and dispersion relation, several key issues of e-BAE physics are analyzed and discussed, including the parametric dependences of e-BAE stability on EE mass, temperature and density with corresponding phase space dynamics, EE non-perturbative effects on the symmetry breaking of mode structure, and the EE density and temperature thresholds for e-BAE excitation that overcome bulk plasma damping. With these efforts, the upgraded MAS model is superior than initial-value simulations restricted by stringent electron Courant condition for fast linear analyses of most EE-AE problems with

ω
≪

Ω

c
i

, of which wave–particle resonance can be used to analyze the analogous effect of alpha particle driven AEs in future fusion reactor.
Association of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia With Long-Term Mortality in a Randomized Trial of Preemptive Therapy and Antiviral Prophylaxis for Prevention of CMV Disease in High-Risk Donor Seropositive, Recipient Seronegative Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kumar Lakshin , Dasgupta Sayan , Murray-Krezan Cristina , Singh Nina , Rakita Robert M , Fisher Cynthia E , Limaye Ajit P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In a post-hoc analysis of the association of CMV DNAemia with long-term mortality in a randomized trial of CMV preemptive therapy vs. antiviral prophylaxis in D+R- liver transplant recipients, post-intervention CMV DNAemia was associated with increased mortality after adjusting for study arm.
Technology and remuneration of working time: a study on paid and unpaid working time in platform work
Authors: Fernández Massi Mariana , Longo Julieta 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this article, we analyse platform-mediated work on the basis of the results of a qualitative study conducted in Argentina in the areas of delivery services and design. The guiding question of this research is how digital work processes change the relationship between paid and unpaid working times. To answer this question, we examine the remuneration system of two types of platforms, and we identify different forms of unpaid labour time in platform-mediated work. Two main conclusions arise from this analysis. On the one hand, we argue that platforms tend to legitimise some forms of unpaid labour time to the extent that workers assume them to be non-working time. On the other hand, we show that platform workers apply different strategies to try to include some of these forms of unpaid labour time in their final income.
Memory decline, anxiety and depression in the mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
Authors: Marinina Ksenia S , Bezprozvanny Ilya B , Egorova Polina A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder, caused by an expansion of polyglutamine in the ataxin-3 protein. SCA3 symptoms include progressive motor decline caused by an atrophy of the cerebellum and brainstem. However, it was recently reported that SCA3 patients also suffer from the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome. The majority of SCA3 patients exhibit cognitive decline and approximately half of them suffer from depression and anxiety. The necessity to find a combined therapy for both motor and cognitive deficits in a SCA3 mouse model is required for the development of SCA3 treatment. Here, we demonstrated that the SCA3-84Q transgenic mice exhibited anxiety over the novel brightly illuminated environment in the open field, novelty suppressed feeding, and light-dark place preference tests. Moreover, SCA3-84Q mice also suffered from a decline in recognition memory during the novel object recognition test. SCA3-84Q mice also demonstrated floating behavior during the Morris water maze that can be interpreted as a sign of low mood and aversion to activity, i.e. depressive-like state. SCA3-84Q mice also spent more time immobile during the forced swimming and tail suspension tests which is also evidence for depressive-like behavior. Therefore, the SCA3-84Q mouse model may be used as a model system to test the possible treatments for both ataxia and non-motor symptoms including depression, anxiety, and memory loss.
How the Orthodox Features of Orthopoxviruses Led to an Unorthodox Mpox Outbreak: What We’ve Learned, and What We Still Need to Understand
Authors: Brooks John T , Reynolds Mary G , Torrone Elizabeth , McCollum Andrea , Spicknall Ian H , Gigante Crystal M , Li Yu , Satheshkumar Panayampalli S , Quilter Laura A S , Rao Agam K , O’Shea Jesse , Guagliardo Sarah Anne J , Townsend Michael , Hutson Christina L 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Orthopoxviruses have repeatedly confounded expectations in terms of the clinical illness they cause and their patterns of spread. Monkeypox virus (MPXV), originally characterized in the late 1950s during outbreaks among captive primates, has been recognized since the 1970s to cause human disease (mpox) in West and Central Africa, where interhuman transmission has largely been associated with nonsexual, close physical contact. In May 2022, a focus of MPXV transmission was detected, spreading among international networks of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. The outbreak grew in both size and geographic scope, testing the strength of preparedness tools and public health science alike. In this article we consider what was known about mpox before the 2022 outbreak, what we learned about mpox during the outbreak, and what continued research is needed to ensure that the global public health community can detect, and halt further spread of this disease threat.
Global knowledge and attitudes towards mpox (monkeypox) among healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jahromi Abdolreza Sotoodeh , Jokar Mohammad , Sharifi Nader , Kashkooli Sirus , Rahmanian Karamatollah , Rahmanian Vahid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The recent increase in human mpox (monkeypox) cases emphasizes the importance of early detection, prompt response and preventive management to control the spread of the disease. Healthcare workers (HCWs) play a crucial role in this process. This study aimed to determine the global knowledge and attitudes towards mpox among HCWs.

Methods
This study searched multiple databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web of Science, Embase, Springer and ProQuest, to locate various publications. The search was limited to English-language articles published between May 2022 (when the increase in mpox incidence was reported) and August 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality checklist was utilized to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Data were obtained using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and subsequently scrutinized through STATA software, version 14. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the inverse variance and Cochran Q statistics based on the I2 test statistics. The Dersimonian and Liard random effects models were used where heterogeneity existed. Subgroup analysis and univariate and multivariable metaregression techniques were used to examine the causes of heterogeneity.

Results
A total of 22 studies, including 22 studies for knowledge (27 731 HCWs) and 6 studies for attitudes (14 388 HCWs), were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimates for good knowledge and positive attitudes among HCWs were 26.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.8 to 34.2) and 34.6% (95% CI 19.0 to 50.2), respectively. Moreover, the knowledge was 34.8% (95% CI 24.1 to 45.6) among HCWs with &lt;5 y of work experience and 41.6% (95% CI 33.1 to 50) among individuals possessing &gt;5 y of professional background.

Conclusions
Good knowledge of HCWs is at a low level. It is suggested that training sessions should be tailored towards younger HCWs with less healthcare experience. Additionally, it is essential to identify strategies on how to improve the knowledge and attitudes for better practice about the disease in HCWs worldwide.
Plasma NGAL levels in stable kidney transplant recipients and the risk of allograft loss
Authors: Swolinsky Jutta S , Hinz Ricarda M , Markus Carolin E , Singer Eugenia , Bachmann Friederike , Halleck Fabian , Kron Susanne , Naik Marcel G , Schmidt Danilo , Obermeier Martin , Gebert Pimrapat , Rauch Geraldine , Kropf Siegfried , Haase Michael , Budde Klemens , Eckardt Kai-Uwe , Westhoff Timm H , Schmidt-Ott Kai M 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and calprotectin (CPT) to predict long-term graft survival in stable kidney transplant recipients (KTR).

Methods
A total of 709 stable outpatient KTR were enrolled &gt;2 months post-transplant. The utility of plasma and urinary NGAL (pNGAL, uNGAL) and plasma and urinary CPT at enrollment to predict death-censored graft loss was evaluated during a 58-month follow-up.

Results
Among biomarkers, pNGAL showed the best predictive ability for graft loss and was the only biomarker with an area under the curve (AUC) &gt; 0.7 for graft loss within 5 years. Patients with graft loss within 5 years (n = 49) had a median pNGAL of 304 [interquartile range (IQR) 235–358] versus 182 (IQR 128–246) ng/mL with surviving grafts (P &lt; .001). Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analyses at 58 months indicated an AUC for pNGAL of 0.795, serum creatinine–based Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) had an AUC of 0.866. pNGAL added to a model based on conventional risk factors for graft loss with death as competing risk (age, transplant age, presence of donor-specific antibodies, presence of proteinuria, history of delayed graft function) had a strong independent association with graft loss {subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) for binary log-transformed pNGAL [log2(pNGAL)] 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.24–5.15, P &lt; .0001}. This association was substantially attenuated when eGFR was added to the model [sHR for log2(pNGAL) 1.63, 95% CI 0.92–2.88, P = .095]. Category-free net reclassification improvement of a risk model including log2(pNGAL) in addition to conventional risk factors and eGFR was 54.3% (95% CI 9.2%–99.3%) but C-statistic did not improve significantly.

Conclusions
pNGAL was an independent predictor of renal allograft loss in stable KTR from one transplant center but did not show consistent added value when compared with baseline predictors including the conventional marker eGFR. Future studies in larger cohorts are warranted.
Spatiotemporal deposition of cell wall polysaccharides in oat endosperm during grain development
Authors: Nadiminti Pavani P , Wilson Sarah M , van de Meene Allison , Hao Alfie , Humphries John , Ratcliffe Julian , Yi Changyu , Peirats-Llobet Marta , Lewsey Mathew G , Whelan James , Bacic Antony , Doblin Monika S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop whose grains are rich in (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan or MLG), a soluble dietary fiber. In our study, we analyzed oat endosperm development in 2 Canadian varieties with differing MLG content and nutritional value. We confirmed that oat undergoes a nuclear type of endosperm development but with a shorter cellularization phase than barley (Hordeum vulgare). Callose and cellulose were the first polysaccharides to be detected in the early anticlinal cell walls at 11 days postemergence (DPE) of the panicle. Other polysaccharides such as heteromannan and homogalacturonan were deposited early in cellularization around 12 DPE after the first periclinal walls are laid down. In contrast to barley, heteroxylan deposition coincided with completion of cellularization and was detected from 14 DPE but was only detectable after demasking. Notably, MLG was the last polysaccharide to be laid down at 18 DPE within the differentiation phase, rather than during cellularization. In addition, differences in the spatiotemporal patterning of MLG were also observed between the 2 varieties. The lower MLG-containing cultivar AC Morgan (3.5% w/w groats) was marked by the presence of a discontinuous pattern of MLG labeling, while labeling in the same walls in CDC Morrison (5.6% w/w groats) was mostly even and continuous. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed higher transcript levels of multiple MLG biosynthetic cellulose synthase-like F (CSLF) and CSLH genes during grain development in CDC Morrison compared with AC Morgan that likely contributes to the increased abundance of MLG at maturity in CDC Morrison. CDC Morrison was also observed to have smaller endosperm cells with thicker walls than AC Morgan from cellularization onwards, suggesting the processes controlling cell size and shape are established early in development. This study has highlighted that the molecular processes influencing MLG content and deposition are more complex than previously imagined.
A Randomized Clinical Trial Targeting Daily Living Skills in Autistic Adolescents Without an Intellectual Disability Before the Transition to Adulthood
Authors: Duncan Amie , Meinzen-Derr Jareen , Ruble Lisa , Fassler Carrie , Stark Lori J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:

Objectives:
In the United States, more than 75,000 autistic adolescents graduate from high school each year, and many lack the skills to successfully transition to college, work, and independent living. Daily living skills (DLS) in autistic adolescents without an intellectual disability (ID) fall 6 to 8 years behind peers. Better DLS are linked to more positive adult outcomes for autistic individuals. Surviving and Thriving in the Real World (STRW) is the only known evidence-based intervention that targets age-appropriate DLS in autistic adolescents without ID. The study objective was to evaluate STRW's efficacy compared with an active comparator (Program for the Evaluation and Enrichment of Relational Skills [PEERS]).

Method:
Autistic adolescents in their last 2 years of high school were randomized to STRW or PEERS. Outcome measures were the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (VABS-3), DLS domain and subdomains (Personal, Domestic, Community), and DLS Goal Attainment Scaling (DLS-GAS) areas (Morning Routine, Cooking, Laundry, Money).

Results:
Adolescents were randomly assigned to STRW (n = 34) or PEERS (n = 30). Owing to COVID-19, 28.1% received in-person intervention and 71.9% received telehealth intervention. STRW youth made significant gains on the VABS-3 DLS domain (p = 0.01) and Domestic subdomain (p = 0.005) and DLS-GAS Total, Laundry, and Money areas (all p's < 0.05) compared with PEERS.

Conclusion:
STRW shows promise for acquiring age-appropriate DLS compared with PEERS. Adolescents in STRW progressed toward achieving DLS in the average range and closing the gap between chronological age and DLS. By improving DLS, STRW may facilitate more successful adult outcomes.
Altered Oculomotor and Vestibulo-ocular Function in Children and Adolescents Postconcussion
Authors: Treleaven Dakota , Lamontagne Anouk , Grilli Lisa , Friedman Debbie , Gagnon Isabelle 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To document (1) oculomotor (OM) and vestibulo-ocular (VO) function in children with concussion who were symptomatic at the time of assessment and to compare it with that in children with concussion who were clinically recovered (asymptomatic) and in children with no concussive injury, and (2) the extent to which OM and VO function relates to postconcussion symptom severity in injured children.

Setting:
Participants were recruited from a concussion clinic or the community.

Participants:
A total of 108 youth with concussion (72 symptomatic; 36 recovered) and 79 healthy youth (aged 9-18 years). Youth with concussion were included if aged 9 to 18 years, had no previous concussion within the last 12 months, less than 90 days since injury, and no known existing visual disorders or learning disabilities.

Study Design:
A prospective cross-sectional study.

Main Measures:
All participants were tested for OM and VO function with a commercial virtual reality (VR) eye-tracking system (Neuroflex®, Montreal,Québec, Canada). Participants in the concussion group who completed the postconcussion symptoms were scored with the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory.

Results:
There was a significant group effect for vergence during smooth pursuit (F
2,176 = 10.90; P < .05), mean latency during saccades (F
2,171 = 5.99; P = .003), and mean response delay during antisaccades (F
2,177 = 9.07; P < .05), where children with symptomatic concussion showed poorer performance than clinically recovered and healthy children. Similar results were found in VO for average vestibular ocular reflex gain in the horizontal leftward (F
2,168 = 7; P = .001) and rightward directions (F
2,163 = 13.08; P < .05) and vertical upward (F
2,147 = 7.60; P = .001) and downward directions (F
2,144 = 13.70; P < .05). Mean saccade error was positively correlated to total Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory scores in younger clinically recovered children.

Conclusion:
VR eye tracking may be an effective tool for identifying OM and VO deficits in the subacute phase (<90 days) postconcussion.
Treatments and Severe Outcomes for Patients Diagnosed With MIS-C at Four Children’s Hospitals in the United States, March 16, 2020–March 10, 2021
Authors: Shah Ami B. , Abrams Joseph Y. , Godfred-Cato Shana , Kunkel Amber , Hammett Teresa A. , Perez Maria A. , Hsiao Hui-Mien , Baida Nadine , Rostad Christina A. , Ballan Wassim , Ede Kaleo , Laham Federico R. , Kao Carol M. , Oster Matthew E. , Belay Ermias D. 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Clinical management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has varied over time and by medical institution.

Methods:
Data on patients with MIS-C were collected from 4 children’s hospitals between March 16, 2020 and March 10, 2021. Relationships between MIS-C treatments and patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were described. Propensity score matching was utilized to assess the relative risk of outcomes dependent on early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or low-dose steroids, controlling for potential confounding variables.

Results:
Of 233 patients diagnosed with MIS-C, the most commonly administered treatments were steroids (88.4%), aspirin (81.1%), IVIG (77.7%) and anticoagulants (71.2%). Compared with those patients without respiratory features, patients with respiratory features were less likely to receive IVIG and steroids on the same day (combination treatment) (44.1%). Controlling for confounding variables, patients receiving IVIG within 1 day of hospitalization were less likely to have hospital length of stay ≥8 days (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31–0.88). Patients receiving low-dose steroids within 1 day of hospitalization were less likely to develop ventricular dysfunction (RR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26–0.77), have increasingly elevated troponin levels (RR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40–0.75) or have hospital length of stay ≥8 days (RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.29–0.74).

Conclusion:
Treatments for MIS-C differed by hospital, patient characteristics and illness severity. When IVIG and low-dose steroids were administered in combination or low-dose steroids were administered alone within 1 day of hospitalization, the risk of subsequent severe outcomes was decreased.
Development and validation of diagnostic criteria for elderly atopic dermatitis
Authors: Wang Shang-Shang , Li Zheng , Gu Chao-Ying , Yin Hui-Bin , Wu Yue-Meng , Yao Xu , Li Wei 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
Elderly atopic dermatitis (AD) is a newly identified subtype of AD. Whether specific diagnostic criteria are needed for elderly AD has been debated. This study aimed to propose diagnostic criteria for elderly AD and evaluate the sensitivity.

Methods:
A hospital-based study was conducted. We screened the clinical features of 1312 patients with AD of different ages in one cohort and proposed a set of diagnostic criteria for elderly AD. The criteria were then validated in another cohort of 223 patients clinically diagnosed with elderly AD by dermatologists specialized in AD to examine the diagnostic sensitivity compared with other criteria by chi-square test.

Results:
Based on the patients’ clinical features, a set of diagnostic criteria for elderly AD were proposed. The new diagnostic criteria showed significantly higher sensitivity than the classical diagnostic criteria (P<0.001), especially for mild and moderate AD (P<0.001）. Of all 223 patients with elderly AD, 93.3% fulfilled our criteria, while only 43.5%, 65.5%, and 52.0% fulfilled the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, the Japanese Dermatology Academy criteria, and the United Kingdom Working Party criteria, respectively.

Conclusion:
The newly proposed criteria for elderly AD yielded high diagnostic sensitivity, particularly for mild and moderate AD.