bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of antibacterial drugs of the carbapenem group on the composition of the parietal microflora of the large intestine and the pool of free amino acids in the blood plasma of intact rats
Authors: Yakubtsevich R. E. , Lemesh A. V. , Pavlyukovets A. Yu. , Nikolaeva I. V. , Doroshenko E. M. , Goloveyko S. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introducing the antibiotic therapy into clinical practice is one of the most important steps in the fight against infectious diseases. Antibacterial therapy is prescribed to more than 70 % of all patients in intensive care units. Carbapenems remain the “cornerstone” of antibiotic therapy for severe infections. The main problem on the use of antibiotics is a long-term alteration of the healthy microbiota and a horizontal transfer of resistance genes. The structure of the fund of free amino acids in biological fluids and tissues is an integral characteristic of metabolism, and the effect of antibacterial agents on their concentration in plasma has not been sufficiently studied.The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin on the bacterial flora of the intestine and the pool of free amino acids in the blood plasma of rats.The experiments were carried out on white outbred rats kept on a standard vivarium diet and having free access to drinking water. Animals were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 7) – animals were intraperitoneally injected with 0.9 % NaCl solution for 10 days; group 2 (n = 7) – animals were intraperitoneally injected with meropenem-TF (SOOO “TriplePharm”, Republic of Belarus) at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight for 10 days, group 3 (n = 7) – animals were injected with imipenem in the same way for 10 days /cilastatin (SOOO “TriplePharm”, RB) at a dose of 120 mg/kg of body weight. Free amino acids in blood plasma were determined by chromatography.A comparative analysis of the pool of free amino acids in the plasma of rats after the administration of antibacterial drugs of the carbapenem group revealed a number of significant confidence (p < 0.05) differences in the both study groups. Thus, in the imipenem/cilastatin group, an increase in the total amount of proteinogenic amino acids, essential amino acids, the total amount of aromatic amino acids and a decrease in the nonessential-to essential amino acid ratio were determined. In the meropenem group, these abnormalities were not identified. However, the total amount of sulfur-containing amino acids decreased.The results obtained showed a significant change in the levels of the both individual amino acids and their total amount. A more pronounced change in the pool of free amino acids in the blood plasma after administrating imipenem/cilastatin is probably due to the presence of cilastatin (renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor) in the composition of the drug, as well as its more pronounced toxicity. When compared with meropenem, imipenem/cilastatin resulted in a greater growth of spore-forming anaerobes. In turn, meropenem more reduced the level of bifidobacteria, lactose-positive bacteria of the E. coli group than imipenem/cilastatin.
Frequency distribution of four cytokine gene polymorphisms in healthy Western Kazakhstan population
Authors: Jarkenov T. A. , Zairova S. Т. , Sakhanova S. K. 
Published: December 2023

This study investigated a range of gene polymorphisms encoding IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α ‒308 in 100 healthy unrelated Kazakhs using real-time PCR. The findings were compared with published data on other populations. The distribution of genotypes was consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. However, the frequency of cytokine genotypes observed in the Kazakh population showed similarities and differences compared to neighboring ethnic groups. The most noticeable differences compared with Iranians, Turks, Russians, and Chinese were observed in the distribution of IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10 genotypes. The frequency of the TNF-α ‒308 genotype differed only with the Iranian population. Thus, our study showed a link between cytokine gene polymorphism and ethnicity. These results may be of clinical relevance in understanding the prevalence of diseases in Kazakhstan.
Ensino-aprendizagem de língua espanhola na modalidade a distância: limitações, desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Maria Weirich da Silva Coelho Iandra 
Published: December 2023

Apresenta-se neste artigo um panorama das principais limitações e desafios relacionados ao ensino-aprendizagem de língua espanhola na modalidade a distância. Os procedimentos metodológicos envolvem uma pesquisa sistematizada da literatura, com base em um corpus constituído por dissertações e teses, publicadas no período de 2018 a 2022. Os dados qualitativos foram analisados com auxílio do método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciam diferentes limitações e desafios relacionados às dimensões pedagógica, tecnológica, suporte de recursos, design de interface e institucional. As conclusões apontam a necessidade de potencializar a gestão das ações nessa modalidade e fomentar iniciativas que possam, paulatinamente, minimizar as deficiências encontradas.
Tourism Marketing Strategy in Facing Tourism Challenges and Opportunities in Badung Regency, Bali
Authors: Ayu Ni Luh Ayu Rai Saridarmini , Ni Nyoman Yuliastari  , Ayu Sri Rachmayuni  , Ida Ayu Dyana Prawerti  , I Gusti Ngurah Putu Dedy Wirawan  
Published: December 2023

As the Heart of Bali Tourism, Badung Regency plays an important role in the development of Tourism in Bali Province. To ensure sustainable Badung Regency Tourism, real steps must be taken immediately in overcoming the negative impacts caused by Tourism itself.
The formulation of marketing strategies was obtained from the implementation of FGD (Focus Group Discussion) which was attended by tourism stakeholders and related agencies within the Badung Regency government. The data was analyzed using SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats).
The use of digital platforms, besides being considered effective and efficient in promoting tourist attractions in Badung Regency, can also be used as a medium to socialize Do's and Don'ts related to what tourists can and should not do during their visits in Badung Regency in particular and Bali Island in general, so that negative impacts and problems caused by the tourism sector can be minimized. Good coordination and collaboration between tourism stakeholders and local governments are also important factors that must always be maintained and are expected to be able to overcome problems that arise in the community due to the adverse effects of tourism. Badung Regency must continue to improve itself in improving the safety and comfort of tourists, so that it can strengthen its position as a Regency that dominates the favorite destination of domestic and foreign tourists visiting Bali Island.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pelaksanaan Cyber Notary Di Masa Perkembangan Teknologi 4.0
Authors: Akbar Denny Imaduddin , Asikin Zainal , Sili Eduardus Bayo 
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan dan pelaksanaan cyber notary dan keabsahan akta yang dibuat menggunakan konsep Cyber Notary. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu konseptual (conceptual approach), dan Undang-Undang (statute approach). Pengumpulan bahan hukum dengan studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pengaturan mengenai cyber notary secara umum telah disebutkan di dalam UUJN, UU ITE, UUPT yang memberikan peluang bahwa cyber notary dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Namun, secara khusus berkaitan dengan Pelaksanaan cyber notary di Indonesia belum terdapat Undang-undang yang mengaturnya sehingga masih sulit untuk diterapkan mengingat tidak adanya aturan yang secara khusus mengatur bagaimana mekanisme pelaksanaan cyber notary itu sendiri. Di dalam hukum positif di Indonesia, terutama di dalam UUJN sendiri masih banyak unsur-unsur yang tidak memungkinkan untuk menerapkan cyber notary secara utuh di Indonesia, antara lain berkaitan dengan keautentikan/keaslian suatu akta dan juga sifat kerahasiaan yang harus dipegang teguh oleh seorang notaris sebagai pejabat umum. UU ITE secara jelas melakukan pengecualian kepada surat atau dokumen yang dibuat oleh notaris tidak termasuk menjadi alat bukti hukum sah. Namun demikian, hal ini tidak menutup kemungkinan untuk menerapkan cyber notary di beberapa bidang yang tidak bertentangan dengan UUJN, contohnya adalah keperluan pembuatan akta relaas di dalam RUPS melalui media telekonferensi masih dapat dilakukan menggunakan konsep cyber notary. Sertifikasi transaksi yang menggunakan cyber notary adalah sah. Hal tersebut karena telah diatur dalam Pasal 15 ayat (3) Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 yang memberikan kewenangan kepada notaris untuk melakukan sertifikasi transaksi dengan menggunakan konsep cyber notary dengan tetap memperhatikan unsur-unsur akta autentik dalam Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 dan Pasal 1868 KUH Perdata yang merupakan syarat keautentikan akta. Akan tetapi, tidak semua kewajiban, wewenang maupun tugas notaris dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep cyber notary.
A modified Aquila optimizer algorithm for optimization energy-efficient no-idle permutation flow shop scheduling problem
Authors: Utama Dana Marsetiya , Sanafa Nabilah 
Published: December 2023

Increasing energy consumption has faced challenges and pressures for modern manufacturing operations. The production sector accounts for half of the world's total energy consumption. Reducing idle machine time by em­ploying No-Idle Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling (NIPFSP) is one of the best decisions for reducing energy consumption. This article modifies one of the energy consumption-solving algorithms, the Aquila Optimizer (AO) algo­rithm. This research contributes by 1) proposing novel AO procedures for solving energy consumption problems with NIPFSP and 2) expanding the literature on metaheuristic algorithms that can solve energy consumption problems with NIPFSP. To analyze whether the AO algorithm is optimal, we compared by using the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm. It com­pares these two algorithms to tackle the problem of energy consumption by testing four distinct problems. Comparison of the AO and GWO algorithm is thirty times for each case for each population and iteration. The outcome of comparing the two algorithms is using a t-test on independent samples and ECR. In all case studies, the results demonstrate that the AO algorithm has a lower energy consumption value than GWO. The AO algorithm is there­fore recommended for minimizing energy consumption because it can produce more optimal results than the comparison algorithm.
Evaluating the densities and distribution of root-lesion nematodes (Partylenchus spp.) in wheat grown in Canterbury, New Zealand
Authors: Thiellier Maarten J , Kularathna Manjula 
Published: December 2023

Species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) are associated with significant reductions in wheat yield in wheat-growing regions around the world. Of these, Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus are known to cause the highest damage to the Australasian wheat industry. New Zealand is known to produce high wheat yields on a per-hectare basis yet little research has been conducted to date to determine the effects of Pratylenchus spp. on the production of wheat in New Zealand. Therefore, as the first step towards filling this knowledge gap, the current research focused on conducting surveys to determine the population densities and distribution of Pratylenchus spp. in wheat-growing regions in Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand. Surveys were conducted at ten selected sites that were geographically distinct from each other. At six of the ten sites, lesion nematode populations were reported to be above the recorded Australian threshold of 2000 nematodes per kg of soil. In Australia, it’s been recorded that around 50% yield reductions can occur in intolerant wheat varieties when population densities reaches this number. Differences in population density within each location was also observed indicating the uneven distribution of lesion nematodes within a field. Morphological measurements of the nematodes collected from multiple sites during this study confirmed the presence of P. thornei and P. neglectus in Canterbury wheat-producing areas indicating a potential threat to the New Zealand wheat industry by root-lesion nematodes. Further studies need to be conducted to fully understand the situation and to develop management strategies to mitigate threats from nematodes.
PRODUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ADSORVENTE PARA REMOÇÃO DE CORANTE ORGÂNICO EM MEIO AQUOSO
Authors: Santos Igor de Oliveira , Metzker Stefânia Lima Oliveira , Machado Alan Rodrigues Teixeira 
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como matéria-prima para produção de carvão ativado. Esse adsorvente foi produzido por meio da carbonização em forno mufla do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar a 300 ºC, e ativação com cloreto de zinco na proporção de 1:3 de carvão:ZnCl2. O material obtido (CABC) foi caracterizado por cálculo de área superficial estimada a partir da adsorção do azul de metileno (SAM), pH, Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Espectroscopia de Fluorescência de Raios X por Energia Dispersiva (FRX) e Difração de Raios X (DRX). Para avaliação da capacidade adsortiva do CABC foram realizados ensaios com azul de metileno, corante muito utilizado na industrial têxtil e de difícil tratamento. Para fins de comparação, realizou-se também o mesmo ensaio com carvão ativado comercial (CAC). O adsorvente CABC apresentou pH 5,88, uma morfologia irregular, com poros na superfície e SAM de 303,5 m2 g-1, 25% superior ao CAC. Durante os testes de adsorção foi seguido as concentrações indicadas por Brum et al. (2008) e comprimento de onda de 645 nm, sendo observado que em concentrações inferiores a 250 mg L-1, os materiais têm capacidades de adsorção próxima, porém quando avaliado em concentrações superiores o CABC se mostra mais eficiente.
Palavras-chave: azul de metileno; adsorção; carvão ativado; isoterma.

Production and characterization adsorbents for organic color removal in aqueous medium

ABSTRACT: The present work aimed to evaluate the potential of sugarcane bagasse as a raw material for producing activated carbon. Sugarcane bagasse activated carbon (CABC) was produced by carbonizing sugarcane bagasse in a muffle furnace at 300 ºC, and activation with zinc chloride in a 1:3 ratio of charcoal: ZnCl2. The obtained material (CABC) was characterized by methylene blue surface area analysis (SAM), pH, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (FRX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). To evaluate the efficiency of the CABC, tests with methylene blue were also performed with a commercial activated carbon (CAC) from the Dinâmica brand. The CABC adsorbent had a pH of 5.88, an irregular morphology, with pores in the fibrous structure and a SAM of 303.5 m2 g-1, 25% higher than the CAC. During the adsorption tests, the concentrations indicated by Brum et al. (2008) and a wavelength of 645 nm, observing that at concentrations lower than 250 mg L-1 the materials have adsorption capabilities in the next, however, when evaluated at higher concentrations, the CABC appears to be more efficient.
Keywords: methylene blue; adsorption; activated charcoal; isotherm.
Idadismo, humor e gênero na sociedade brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Teixeira Débora Pires 
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar uma análise de duas piadas com conteúdo idadista, cujos personagens centrais eram uma mulher e um homem, respectivamente. Metodologicamente, o conteúdo foi analisado a partir do modelo de “Análise de Imagens Paradas” (PENN, 2011) e discutido a luz do referencial teórico das Ciências Sociais, focado na velhice, no corpo e no gênero. As piadas analisadas, em seus discursos imagético e verbal, centraram-se no idadismo para provocar o riso do espectador e estiveram em consonância com a literatura vigente sobre a temática. Foram identificadas três categorias de análise: o declínio físico do corpo feminino, a infantilização e a impotência sexual masculina. O conteúdo humorístico, pelo seu caráter lúdico, costuma ser amplamente veiculado pelas mídias sem se tornar alvo de críticas, entretanto, vem contribuindo para reafirmar estereótipos idadistas, construindo relações desiguais entre os grupos etários e fabricando/solidificando modelos de vivenciar relações de gênero na velhice.
Pengaruh Pelapisan Nikel pada Tool End Mill HSS Terhadap Nilai Kekerasan dan Temperature Proses Milling Alumunium 6061
Authors: Sifa Agus , Endramawan Tito , Sukardi Casiman , Aryadi Haerul 
Published: December 2023

Proses permesinan metode dry machining milling adalah proses permesinan tanpa tambahan pendingin. Metode dry machining milling mempunyai beberapa masalah saat proses permesinan yaitu suhu tool dapat mudah naik dan berdampak besar terhadap keausan pada tool. Tujuan penelitian ini mengembangkan metode dry machining dengan variasi tool yang dilapisi oleh nickel, dengan memanfaatkan sifat material nickel yang dapat menahan panas dan korosi. Pelapisan nickel yang digunakan pada tool akan berpengaruh pada parameter suhu tool. Metode pelapisan nickel yang akan dilakukan pada tool dengan menggunakan metode electroplating. metode ini adalah satu metode pelapisan logam yang sering disebut elektrodeposisi, atau proses pengendapan logam pelapis pada logam induk dengan cara elektrolisis. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode pengujian eksperimental untuk mendapatkan parameter suhu tool dan kekerasan pada lapisan tool. Tegangan dan arus yang digunakan pada proses elektroplating adalah 6 V dan 0.7 A dengan waktu 5 menit, 10 menit dan 15 menit. Hasil ketebalan lapisan nickel sebesar 0.024 mm dalam waktu 15 menit, jadi setiap 5 menit lapisannya adalah 0.008 mm. Proses pengujian eksperimental menggunakan tool HSS Ø12 / 4 F dan benda kerja alumunium 6061. Hasil tool yang tidak dilapisi nickel(uncoated) pada pemakanan 3 mm, kecepatan spindel 3000 rpm, menunjukkan suhu 73.6 ºC, sedangkan tool yang dilapisi nickel(coated) menunjukkan suhu 58.6 ºC, sehingga nilai rata-rata kekerasan pada lapisan nickel yaitu 279.9 HV.
Capacitação do cuidador informal para a abordagem do equilíbrio corporal da pessoa dependente em contexto domiciliário
Authors: Mesquita Pinto Ezequiel David , Nascimento Magalhães Sérgio Pedro , Martins Ferreira Maria Salomé 
Published: December 2023

Introdução: As pessoas dependentes sofrem um declínio de algumas capacidades físicas e cognitivas como a perda de força muscular e mobilidade articular, diminuição da coordenação sensória-motora e, consequentemente, comprometimento do equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Isto, aliado a uma vontade da sociedade cuidar destas pessoas em ambiente domiciliário o mais tempo possível, dá uma enorme relevância à figura do cuidador informal e às suas necessidades educativas.
Objetivo: Avaliar o contributo de um programa de capacitação, aplicado por Especialistas em Enfermagem de Reabilitação, a cuidadores informais para a abordagem do equilíbrio corporal na pessoa dependente em contexto domiciliário.
Metodologia: Estudo quase experimental de grupo único, longitudinal com observação antes e depois do programa de capacitação, em contexto de visita domiciliária, com a aplicação de um programa dividido em 6 sessões. Trata-se de uma amostra de cariz não probabilística e por conveniência, com 10 cuidadores informais e respetiva pessoa dependente, alvo de cuidados. Para a recolha de dados foi utilizado um formulário sociodemográfico, pesquisa no processo clínico informatizado do paciente, grelha de observação elaborada para o efeito, escala do Teste de Tinetti e o Índice de Barthel.
Resultados: Foi possível verificar que após intervenção, os cuidadores informais melhoraram os conhecimentos relacionados com a abordagem do equilíbrio da pessoa dependente e que os pacientes alvo de cuidados apresentaram ganhos médios significativos no equilíbrio e autonomia.
Conclusão: As pessoas no domicílio, com um grau elevado de dependência, podem usufruir de cuidados básicos ligados ao equilíbrio estático sentado, através da capacitação do respetivo cuidador informal, refletindo-se em ganhos no equilíbrio e autonomia.
URGENSI PENGAMALAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN YANG MULIA DI TENGAH ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0 DALAM PERSPEKTIF HINDU
Authors: Darma Permana I Dewa Gede 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The arrival of the industrial revolution 4.0 era brought major changes to technological developments. This then leads to the positive and negative impacts of technology in every area of life, including the development of science. Reflecting on this, this research is interested in studying in more depth about the urgency of noble science amid the industrial revolution 4.0 era from a Hindu perspective. To support this goal, this research formulates several problems, namely related to the nature of science according to Hinduism, the nature of the industrial revolution 4.0 and its impact on the development of science, and finally formulating the urgency of practicing noble science in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 in a Hindu perspective. By using qualitative research methods, literature studies, and using data analysis from Miles and Huberman. The results of this study indicate that the practice of noble knowledge is something important in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, as an antidote to false information through the teachings of Tri Pramana, and achieving a balance of knowledge through the teachings of Jnana Marga Yoga.
The Ethical Dimension of Land as Mother in the Perspective of Yawa Unat Indigenous Communtiy
Authors: Limbu Anggun , Nenohai Jear 
Published: December 2023

Since ancient times, Yawa Unat have indigenous community revered the land as Mother. The land is a precious and vital resource for indigenous peoples. Nevertheless, the area considered sacred has a very significant economic worth for survival. Realizing that they had lost their land rights and their relationship with the land during the preceding decade, the Yawa Unat sold the land. The land is not simply a mother whose womb gives birth to and enriches the lives of the Yawa Unat Tribe's people. So far, study on Yawa Unat has focused mostly on the economic and religious significance of land as mom. Consequently, the struggle of the Yawa Unat tribe to defend their land is viewed as concentrated solely on their own interests. Furthermore, in this research, utilizing Carolyn Merhant's feminist approach, we suggest that land as a mother has a significant value for the balance of the ecosystem of life for both Yawa Unat and the people of Papua and the natural world of Papua holistically. Therefore, the ethical aspect of Yawa Unat's battle has a significant global impact on the human-nature interaction in Papua. Lastly, this research is limited to ethical considerations and does not yet address features of local religious politics and religious liberty that are crucial to this topic.