bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of multiple sclerosis with refractory rheumatoid arthritis using ofatumumab: A case report
Authors: Hara Kenju , Togashi Masaru 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundOfatumumab is an anti‐CD20 human monoclonal antibody that is approved in several countries worldwide for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have shown promising results of ofatumumab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We report a case with both MS and refractory RA that was successfully treated with ofatumumab.Case PresentationA 44‐year‐old woman with a history of RA since the age of 40, and prior treatment with methotrexate, prednisolone, and several disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including salazosulfapyridine, iguratimod, tacrolimus, presented with a recent onset of visual acuity loss in the left eye. Ophthalmic examination revealed a decreased central flicker frequency (CFF) and central scotoma. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed periventricular multiple lesions and contrast enhancement of the left optic nerve. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevation of protein, and oligoclonal bands. Serum anti‐aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) antibodies, anti‐myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies, and other serological tests for optic neuritis were unremarkable. She was diagnosed with relapsing and remitting MS at 10 months after development of optic neuritis when she experienced a relapse, accompanied by new asymptomatic lesions detected on brain MRI. After ofatumumab administration, we discontinued all DMARDs and maintained remission over a 12‐month period.ConclusionThere is growing evidence of significant involvement of B‐cells in the pathogenesis of RA and the effectiveness of B‐cell depletion therapy in managing RA. Ofatumumab is an effective treatment for patients with MS and refractory RA.
Hard and soft tissue alterations using dual‐zone concept versus connective tissue graft at maxillary immediate implant placement: A 1‐year randomized clinical and volumetric trial
Authors: Fettouh Ahmed Ibrahim Aboul , Ghallab Noha A. , Mina Nael Adel , Abdelmalak Mariam Samy , Abdelrahman Abdelrahman Ali Gamaleldin , Shalaby Ahmed Fouad , Shemais Nesma 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the esthetic outcome, as well as clinical, radiographic, and volumetric tissue alterations 1 year after immediate implant placement (IIP) with connective tissue grafting (CTG) versus dual‐zone concept (DZ) at sites with thin labial bone in the esthetic zone.Materials and MethodsThis randomized clinical trial included 30 patients treated with IIP simultaneous with either CTG or DZ (n = 15 each). Pink esthetic score (PES) was assessed 6 months after crown placement as the primary outcome. Amount of bone labial to the implant, labio‐palatal ridge reduction, and crestal bone changes were measured via CBCT after 1 year. Volumetric analysis of linear labial soft tissue contour, interdental, and mid‐facial soft tissue level changes, and total volume loss (mm3) were measured after 1 year.ResultsSimilar PES was observed in the CTG (12.53 ± 1.13) and DZ (12.13 ± 1.55) groups, with no significant difference (p = 0.42). Likewise, there were no statistically significant differences found between the two groups in labio‐palatal bone reduction (mm&%), interdental papillae, and mid‐facial gingival levels (p > 0.05). However, the mean vertical crestal bone changes in the CTG and DZ groups were −1.1 ± 0.6 mm and 0.2 ± 1.0 mm, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0002). Moreover, CTG revealed less linear and total volume (mm3) loss in the labial soft tissue which was statistically significant compared to DZ (p = 0.007).ConclusionBoth groups demonstrated the same PES, nevertheless, volumetric analysis revealed twice total labial volume loss in DZ compared to CTG. It might be concluded that the use of CTG with IIP caused less horizontal reduction in the supra‐implant complex compared to the DZ.
Autonomic dysfunction and treatment strategies in intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Kang Kaijiang , Shi Kaibin , Liu Jiexin , Li Na , Wu Jianwei , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsAutonomic dysfunction with central autonomic network (CAN) damage occurs frequently after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and contributes to a series of adverse outcomes. This review aims to provide insight and convenience for future clinical practice and research on autonomic dysfunction in ICH patients.DiscussionWe summarize the autonomic dysfunction in ICH from the aspects of potential mechanisms, clinical significance, assessment, and treatment strategies. The CAN structures mainly include insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus, nucleus of the solitary tract, ventrolateral medulla, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, nucleus ambiguus, parabrachial nucleus, and periaqueductal gray. Autonomic dysfunction after ICH is closely associated with neurological functional outcomes, cardiac complications, blood pressure fluctuation, immunosuppression and infection, thermoregulatory dysfunction, hyperglycemia, digestive dysfunction, and urogenital disturbances. Heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity, skin sympathetic nerve activity, sympathetic skin response, and plasma catecholamine concentration can be used to assess the autonomic functional activities after ICH. Risk stratification of patients according to autonomic functional activities, and development of intervention approaches based on the restoration of sympathetic‐parasympathetic balance, would potentially improve clinical outcomes in ICH patients.ConclusionThe review systematically summarizes the evidence of autonomic dysfunction and its association with clinical outcomes in ICH patients, proposing that targeting autonomic dysfunction could be potentially investigated to improve the clinical outcomes.
Colorectal eversion technique combined with modified single‐stapled double‐purse‐string low colorectal anastomosis
Authors: Francesco Crafa , Serafino Vanella 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTotal mesorectal excision with adequate free margins is the gold standard for rectal surgery. Applying a linear stapler in a narrow pelvis can be challenging and the proper distal margin difficult to assess. In selected cases the colorectal eversion technique combined with single‐stapled double‐purse‐string anastomosis (SSDP) can be a practical solution.MethodEleven patients, six men and five women, mean body mass index 27 ± 1.3 kg/m2, underwent total mesorectal excision with the colorectal eversion technique combined with modified SSDP between September 2022 and January 2023.ResultsThe mean operative time was 190 min. The mean hospital stay was 4 days. There were no postoperative complications. The final histology showed complete mesorectal resection, circumferential resection margin negative, free distal resection margin, anastomotic doughnuts negative. At 7 ± 3 months follow‐up there was no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis.ConclusionThe colorectal eversion technique combined with modified SSDP is a reproducible and safe technique in selected patients. Prospective randomized trials with large patient series are needed to confirm our preliminary results.
Using HCV‐viremic organs for lung transplantation does not confer higher rejection rates compared to HCV‐negative organs
Authors: Afshar Kamyar , Schonhoft Elizabeth , Kozuch Jade , Kafi Aarya , Yung Gordon , Pollema Travis , Golts Eugene , Aslam Saima 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundNational data demonstrate that hepatitis C virus (HCV)—infected organ donors are increasingly being used in the US, including for lung transplantation. We aimed to assess whether there were any differences in the acute or chronic rejection rates at 1 year following lung transplantation from HCV‐viremic versus uninfected donors.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all lung transplant recipients at our institution from April 1, 2017 to October 1, 2020 and then assessed various outcomes between those who received a transplant from HCV‐viremic donors versus HCV‐negative donors. Primary outcome was to determine if there was a higher incidence of acute and/or chronic allograft rejection when using HCV NAT+ lung donation. We carried out univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsWe transplanted 135 patients during the study period, including 18 from HCV‐viremic donors. Standard induction therapy with basiliximab and maintenance triple drug immunosuppression was utilized per UC San Diego protocol. All 17 patients receiving HCV‐viremic organs developed acute HCV infection and were treated in the postoperative period with 12 weeks of direct acting antivirals (DAA). HCV genotypes included 1, 2, and 3. DAA used included glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (12), sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (1), and ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (2) with drug choice determined by patient's medical insurance coverage. Sustained virological response at 12 weeks after end of DAA therapy (SVR12), indicative of a cure, was achieved in all (100%) recipients. No recipient had a serious adverse event related to HCV infection. The lung transplant recipient (LTR) HCV‐viremic donors had lower rates of clinically significant rejection (5.9% vs. 11% LTR HCV‐nonviremic donors), and no chronic lung allograft dysfunction at 1 year (vs. 5.9% LTR HCV‐nonviremic donors). One‐year survival was 100% in the LTR HCV‐viremic donors compared to 95.8% in the LTR HCV‐nonviremic donors.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the feasibility and success of using HCV NAT + donors with excellent results and without a higher incidence of rejection. Longer term follow‐up and a larger sample size are needed to allow this to be a more widely accepted practice for lung transplant programs and payors.
Shaping Cultural Evolution: The Role of Craft Excellence, Design Intelligence, and Acceleration
Authors: Rand Alison 
Published: February 2024

The triumvirate model… offers a lens through which we can view the potential synthesis of these ideas, crafting a pathway for cultural transformation in an age where adaptability and innovation are paramount.These turbulent times call for a new era of design thinking—a time for design to become a way of thinking that helps craft a culture that is not only adaptable and innovative but also one that incorporates the human experience.
Sustainable Development Competencies in Design Education
Authors: Persov Elad 
Published: February 2024

…there is a gap between the complexity and scale of climate and sustainability challenges and the professional competencies currently taught in most design education programs.Designers are expected to have a key role in addressing looming problems like climate change and sustainability. Examining current curricula and finding gaps in competencies provides a starting point to ensuring that future designers have the skills necessary for the job.
Repairing a Relationship: The Fall of Design Thinking and What We Can Learn from It
Authors: Mittersinker Gregor 
Published: February 2024

Design increasingly finds itself in the crosshairs and is held accountable for not delivering the miraculous solutions businesses desperately seek and design consultants promise.OPINION | A creative director shares his thoughts about what steps should be taken to repair design's relationship with businesses that feel design hasn't delivered on its promises.
Noninvasive minimal residual disease assessment in relapsed/refractory large B‐cell lymphoma using digital droplet PCR
Authors: Heger Jan‐Michel , d'Hargues Yannick , Kleinert Fanni , Mattlener Julia , Weiss Jonathan , Franzen Fabian , Becker Christian , Becker Kerstin , Gödel Philipp , Schmiel Marcel , Meinel Jörn , Flümann Ruth , Simon Florian , Reinhardt H. Christian , Borchmann Peter , Borchmann Sven , Balke‐Want Hyatt , Knittel Gero , von Tresckow Bastian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough several promising approaches for the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (rrDLBCL) have been approved recently, it remains unclear which patients will ultimately achieve long‐term responses. Circulating tumor (ct)DNA sequencing has emerged as a valuable tool to assess minimal residual disease (MRD). Correlations between MRD and outcomes have been shown in previously untreated DLBCL, but data on the repeated assessment of MRD in the dynamic course of rrDLBCL is limited. Here, we present an approach leveraging cost‐ and time‐sensitivity of digital droplet (dd)PCR to repeatedly assess MRD in rrDLBCL and present proof‐of‐principle for its ability to predict outcomes.
Dopamine activity in the nigrostriatal pathway alters cue‐induced risky choice patterns in female rats
Authors: Hathaway Brett A. , Li Andrew , Brodie Hannah G. , Silveira Mason M. , Tremblay Melanie , Seo Yeon Soo , Winstanley Catharine A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeficits in cost/benefit decision making is a critical risk factor for gambling disorder. Reward‐paired cues may play an important role, as these stimuli can enhance risk preference in rats. Despite extensive research implicating the dorsal striatum in the compulsive aspects of addiction, the role of nigrostriatal dopaminergic activity in cue‐induced risk preference remains unclear, particularly in females. Accordingly, we examined the effects of manipulating the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway on cue‐induced risky choice in female rats. TH:Cre rats were trained on the cued version of the rat Gambling Task. This task was designed such that maximal reward is attained by avoiding the high‐risk, high‐reward options and instead favouring the options associated with lower per‐trial gains, as they feature less frequent and shorter time‐out penalties. Adding reward‐paired audiovisual cues to the task leads to greater risky choice on average. To assess the role of the nigrostriatal pathway, a viral vector carrying either Cre‐dependent inhibitory or excitatory DREADD was infused into the substantia nigra. Rats then received clozapine‐N‐oxide either during task acquisition or after a stable performance baseline was reached. Inhibition of this pathway accelerated the development of risk preference in early sessions and increased risky choice during performance, but long‐term inhibition actually improved decision making. Activation of this pathway had minimal effects. These results provide evidence for the involvement of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway in cue‐induced risk preference in females, therefore shedding light on its role in cost/benefit decision‐making deficits and expanding our knowledge of the female dopaminergic system.
Mutation of novel ethanol‐responsive lncRNAGm41261 impacts ethanol‐related behavioral responses in mice
Authors: Plasil S. L. , Farris S. P. , Blednov Y. , Mayfield R. D. , Mangieri R. A. , Nwokeji U. J. , Aziz H. C. , Lambeth P. S. , Harris R. A. , Homanics G. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic alcohol exposure results in widespread dysregulation of gene expression that contributes to the pathogenesis of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Long noncoding RNAs are key regulators of the transcriptome that we hypothesize coordinate alcohol‐induced transcriptome dysregulation and contribute to AUD. Based on RNA‐Sequencing data of human prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens of AUD versus non‐AUD brain, the human LINC01265 and its predicted murine homolog Gm41261 (i.e., TX2) were selected for functional interrogation. We tested the hypothesis that TX2 contributes to ethanol drinking and behavioral responses to ethanol. CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis was used to create a TX2 mutant mouse line in which 306 base‐pairs were deleted from the locus. RNA analysis revealed that an abnormal TX2 transcript was produced at an unchanged level in mutant animals. Behaviorally, mutant mice had reduced ethanol, gaboxadol and zolpidem‐induced loss of the righting response and reduced tolerance to ethanol in both sexes. In addition, a male‐specific reduction in two‐bottle choice every‐other‐day ethanol drinking was observed. Male TX2 mutants exhibited evidence of enhanced GABA release and altered GABAA receptor subunit composition in neurons of the nucleus accumbens shell. In C57BL6/J mice, TX2 within the cortex was cytoplasmic and largely present in Rbfox3+ neurons and IBA1+ microglia, but not in Olig2+ oligodendrocytes or in the majority of GFAP+ astrocytes. These data support the hypothesis that TX2 mutagenesis and dysregulation impacts ethanol drinking behavior and ethanol‐induced behavioral responses in mice, likely through alterations in the GABAergic system.
Multi‐ecosystem services differently affected by over‐canopy and understory nitrogen additions in a typical subtropical forest
Authors: Tian Yang , Zhou Peng , Zhou Lang , Zhang Lei , Lin Yongbiao , Wang Yanjia , Wang Jun , Hui Dafeng , Ren Hai , Lu Hongfang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObtaining a holistic understanding of the impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on multiple ecosystem services of forest is essential for developing comprehensive and sustainable strategies, particularly in heavy N deposition regions such as subtropical China. However, such impacts remain incompletely understood, with most previous studies focus on individual ecosystem function or service via understory N addition experiments. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the effects of over‐canopy and understory N additions on multiple ecosystem services based on a 7‐year large‐scale field experiment in a typical subtropical forest. Our results showed continued over‐canopy N addition with 50 kg ha−1 year−1 over a period of 4–7 years significantly increased plant nutrient retention, but did not affect the services of soil nutrient accumulation, water yield, C sequestration (in plants and soil), or oxygen release. There were trade‐offs between the soil and plant on providing the services of nutrient accumulation/retention and C sequestration under over‐canopy N addition. However, without uptake and retention of tree canopy, the trade‐off between soil and plant were more weaken under the understory N addition with 50 kg ha−1 year−1, and their relationships were even synergetic under the understory N addition with 25 kg ha−1 year−1. The results suggest that understory N addition cannot accurately simulate the effects of atmospheric N deposition on multiple services, along with mutual relationships. Interestingly, the services of plant N, P retention, and C sequestration exhibited a synergetic increase under the over‐canopy N addition but a decrease under the understory N addition. Our results also found tree layer plays a primary role in providing plant nutrient retention service and is sensitive to atmospheric N deposition. Further studies are needed to investigate the generalized effects of forest canopy processes on alleviating the threaten of global change factors in different forest ecosystems.
Growth responses to waterlogging stress among cool‐season grass species
Authors: Braun Ross C. , Patton Aaron J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUrban grasslands span climates and topography in soils with variable water infiltration and drainage rates that result in occasional waterlogging stress, while data on grass species tolerance to waterlogging stress is scant. Whole plant responses to waterlogging stress among cool‐season grass species were quantified in a controlled environment. The following grasses were grown in well‐drained vs. waterlogged soil for 55 d: strong creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra ssp. rubra), slender creeping red fescue (F. rubra ssp. littoralis), Chewings fescue (F. rubra ssp. commutata), hard fescue (F. brevipila), tall fescue (F. arundinacea syn. Schedonorus arundinaceus), Kentucky bluegrasses (Poa pratensis), annual bluegrass (P. annua), rough bluegrass (P. trivialis), creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and alkaligrass (Puccinellia distans). Five cultivars of each fine fescue (Festuca spp.) taxon were included for comparison. When grown in waterlogged soil compared to well‐drained conditions, relative differences generally ranged from −3% to −26% (shoots) and −13% to −33% (roots) for creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, and Kentucky bluegrass indicating higher waterlogging stress tolerance. The relative differences ranged from −18% to −43% in shoots and −3% to −34% in roots for annual bluegrass and perennial ryegrass indicating fair performance under waterlogging stress. Fine fescues, rough bluegrass, and alkaligrass exhibited the poorest performance during waterlogging stress with plant responses ranging from −12% to −64% (shoots) and −17% to −73% (roots). Negative whole plant responses among cultivars of four fine fescue taxa were similar. The selection of grasses tolerant to waterlogging stress will be important in developing resilient landscapes.
Electronic monitoring of working time and labour market outcomes: Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Lira Ísis F. , de Carvalho Schiavon Laura , da Silva Freguglia Ricardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study analyses the dynamics of registered firms after implementing a new law (2009) in the Brazilian labour market. The law proposed the electronic monitoring of working time to provide more efficiency and security by standardizing the equipment used for control and avoiding manipulation. As stricter monitoring may increase costs, this paper seeks to analyse whether there have been changes in the dynamics of firms adapting to the new regulation. There are two potential mechanisms as a reference: increasing wages and decreasing workers (or contracted hours), and increasing labour force and decreasing contracted hours per worker (and therefore the monthly wage). Using Brazilian employee–employer data and the difference‐in‐differences approach as an empirical strategy, our main findings suggest that firms that adapt to the new electronic workday control had a general reduction in the number of hours hired, an increase in wages for companies with 10–50 employees and a decrease in workplace accidents in firms with 50 or more employees.
A configurational theory of digital disruption
Authors: Huang Sha , Burton‐Jones Andrew , Xu Dongming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDigital Disruption (DD) has become a hot topic in recent years, yet detailed research is surprisingly lacking. The literature offers almost no insights into how DD occurs at the industry level and what industry factors influence it. This paper advances knowledge of DD by developing and testing a configurational theory. Using a multi‐method research design, we identify two types of DD and four industry factors (downstream DD, digitally enabled structural conflict, transferability of core competitive elements, and industry player size) that contingently lead to the different types of DD. We integrate those findings into a configurational theory that describes causal recipes of how these factors or conditions combine to produce the outcome of transformational DD and destructive DD. The theory offers important implications for researchers and practitioners. The research also contributes methodologically by demonstrating the merits of combining grounded theory with qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to expand the theory‐building potential of QCA.