Analisis Kualitas Air dan Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Pada Air Laut di Perairan Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Kota Semarang Jawa Tengah
Authors: Sulistyo Anggita Al Haris , Suprijanto Jusup , Yulianto Bambang 
Published: February 2024

Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas, Semarang, Jawa Tengah termasuk ke dalam salah satu fasilitas pelabuhan di Indonesia yang menaungi beberapa industri di dalamnya. Lokasi penelitian kali ini bertempat di salah satu fasilitas pelabuhan yaitu Dermaga Nusantara yang secara umum memiliki aktivitas pelabuhan seperti bongkar muat batu bara, pasir, dan log kayu menggunakan alat berat seperti Exavator dan Wheel Loader. Adanya banyak aktivitas pelabuhan dapat dikatakan sebagai faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keadaan atau baik buruknya air laut serta kadar timbal (Pb) pada air laut di area Dermaga Nusantara. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas air laut, menganalisis kadar logam berat pada air laut dan menganalisis tindakan pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisir timbulnya pencemaran laut. Analisis kualitas perairan menggunakan alat ukur thermometer digital, pH meter, DO meter, secchi disk, dan refractometer. Pengujian kandungan timbal (Pb) menggunakan alat AAS dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Diponegoro. Hasil pengukuran suhu pada kisaran 30,5-32,2°C; nilai pH pada kisaran 6,35-7,56; nilai dissolved oxygen (DO) pada kisaran 5,22-8,51 mg/l; nilai kecerahan pada kisaran 3,18-3,52 meter; dan nilai salinitas pada kisaran 31-35 ppt. Hasil uji kandungan timbal (Pb) yaitu pada kisaran 0,390 – 0,640 mg/l. Nilai pengukuran kualitas air tersebut masih tergolong memenuhi standar baku mutu, akan tetapi pada uji kandungan timbal hasil yang didapatkan masih melebihi standar baku mutu sesuai dengan PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 Republik Indonesia mengenai Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup dan KepMen LH Nomor 51 Tahun 2004 mengenai Baku Mutu Air Laut Pelabuhan. Tanjung Emas Port, Semarang, Central Java is included in one of the port facilities in Indonesia which houses several industries in it. The research location this time is located at one of the port facilities, namely the Nusantara Jetty which generally has port activities such as loading and unloading of coal, sand, and wood logs using heavy equipment such as excavators and wheel loaders. The existence of many port activities can be regarded as a factor that can influence the condition or good and bad of sea water and levels of lead (Pb) in sea water in the Nusantara Pier area. This research was conducted to determine the quality of seawater, analyze levels of heavy metals in seawater and analyze preventive measures that can be taken to minimize marine pollution. Analysis of water quality using digital thermometers, pH meters, DO meters, secchi disks, and refractometers. Testing for lead (Pb) content using the AAS tool was carried out at the Diponegoro University Environmental Engineering Laboratory. Temperature measurement results in the range of 30.5-32.2°C; pH value in the range of 6.35-7.56; dissolved oxygen (DO) value in the range of 5.22-8.51 mg/l; brightness value in the range of 3.18-3.52 meters; and salinity values in the range of 31-35 ppt. The test results for lead (Pb) content were in the range of 0.390 – 0.640 mg/l. The water quality measurement value is still classified as meeting the quality standard, but the lead content test results obtained still exceed the quality standard according to PP Number 22 of 2021 of the Republic of Indonesia concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management and Minister of Environment Decree Number 51 of 2004 concerning Port Seawater Quality Standard.