bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion regulation, hope, and optimism during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of age and personality
Authors: Carbone Elena , Lenti Graziana , Sella Enrico , Moè Angelica , Borella Erika 
Published: January 2024

Aims
This study examined age-related differences between young and older adults’ emotion regulation, hope, and optimism 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak. Whether personality explained such outcomes was also examined.

Method
A sample of 228 young adults and 161 older adults was interviewed in April-May 2021 to complete questionnaires assessing cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) emotion regulation strategies use, optimism, hope (agency and pathways components), and personality traits.

Results
Older adults reported greater CR and ES use, optimism, and hope-agency levels than young adults, whereas no age differences emerged for hope-pathway scores. Personality traits (more consistently emotional stability) contributed to explaining CR and ES use, and greater hopeful and optimistic dispositions.

Conclusions
These findings confirm older adults’ advantage in facing the emotional and psychological fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic in its third wave. They also underscore the importance of considering personality to depict individual profiles prone to experiencing long-term negative emotional/psychological consequences of emergencies as COVID-19.
Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Hasveer , Shahid Mariam Z. , Harrison Stephanie L. , Lane Deirdre A. , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Logantha Sunil Jit R. J. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Thyroid hormones act on the cardiovascular system directly by modulating its function and indirectly by transcriptional regulation of gene expression in the heart and the vasculature. Studies have shown associations between overt and subclinical thyroid disorders and cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential relationships between subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), and post-operative AF.

Methods
MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched from inception to 18th February 2023 for randomised controlled trials, case-control studies, and cohort studies which assessed the relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and incident AF events. Risk of bias and the quality of evidence were assessed using the RoBANS tool and GRADE approach, respectively. Meta-analysis was conducted in Review Manager 5.4 using the Mantel-Haenszel statistical method and a random-effects model. Data are presented as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical heterogeneity amongst studies was assessed by the chi-squared (χ2) test and I2 statistic. p≤0.05 were considered significant.

Results
A total of 6467 records were identified, of which 10 cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Both subclinical hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were associated with an increased risk of incident AF (risk ratio (RR), 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43–2.77; n = 5 studies; p<0.0001 and RR, 1.19; CI, 1.03–1.39; n = 7 studies; p = 0.02, respectively). Subgroup analysis for post-operative AF revealed marked heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 84%) and association with subclinical hypothyroidism was not significant (RR, 1.41; CI, 0.89–2.22; n = 3 studies; p = 0.15).

Conclusions
The current evidence suggests that both subclinical hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism are associated with increased risk of incident AF. Further investigation is required to determine potential causal links that would guide future clinical practice.
Engagement in meaningful activities post suicide loss: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Gill Monique , Premnazeer Meera , Scali Orianna , Rizvi Sakina , Schendelman Alex , Polatajko Helene , Cameron Jill I. 
Published: January 2024

Rationale
Each day, more than 10 Canadians die by suicide. Each suicide leaves entire communities to manage the traumatic aftermath of this loss. Individuals bereaved by suicide loss are at a higher risk of experiencing negative mental health outcomes. Current research suggests that engagement in meaningful activities may be an avenue to protecting mental health. It is important to understand if this is also the case for those experiencing bereavement post suicide loss. To date, there has not been a synthesis of the literature examining suicide loss and the nature and extent of engagement in meaningful activities post loss.

Objectives
1) To describe the nature and extent of the peer-reviewed suicide loss and bereavement literature related to engagement in meaningful activities; and 2) to identify facilitators and barriers that may impact engagement in meaningful activities post loss.

Methods
This paper describes a scoping review protocol that will be completed using stages identified by Arksey and O’Malley and updated by Levac and colleagues. Joanna Briggs Institute framework will also guide this review. Four electronic databases will be searched for suicide bereavement/loss concepts. Two reviewers will apply inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify articles discussing engagement in meaningful activities of everyday living post loss. Data will be descriptively summarized and analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results will be reported following PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews.

Expected results
A descriptive summary and conceptual map describing the current state of the peer-reviewed literature will be constructed.

Conclusion
Experiencing a suicide loss increases the risk of negative mental health outcomes. A synthesis of literature is required to map the current available evidence related to suicide bereavement and engagement in meaningful activities, with potential implications for improving supports and services for those bereaved. This protocol is register with Open Science Framework Registries (10.17605/OSF.IO/M2NES).
Comorbidities in heart failure patients that predict cardiovascular readmissions within 100 days—An observational study
Authors: Scholten Mia , Davidge Jason , Agvall Björn , Halling Anders 
Published: January 2024

Background
Heart failure (HF) commonly arises as a complication to cardiovascular diseases and is closely associated with various comorbidities. The impacts of these comorbidities in patients with HF are diverse. We aimed to analyze the increased risk for cardiovascular-related readmission within 100 days after discharge in patients with HF depending on their different comorbidities.

Methods
A population-based retrospective study was conducted in Region Halland with 5029 patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of HF during 2017–2019. The occurrence and number of comorbidities were recorded. Competing risk regression was employed to analyze the hazard ratio (HR) of 10 comorbidities for cardiovascular-related readmission within 100 days after discharge. A composite measure of the 10 common comorbidities was constructed with the comorbidities as dichotomous indicator variables and Rasch analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) after logistic regression were used to estimate how well the model explained the probability of death or readmission within 100 days after discharge according to their individual comorbidity level.

Results
HF patients with atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, peripheral artery disease or diabetes mellitus as comorbidities had an increased HR for readmission within 100 days after discharge. When these comorbidities were adjusted together, only atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had an increased HR for readmission. ROC analysis after the most complete models using logistic regression with the comorbidities as dichotomous indicator variables or Rasch analysis had a low AUC.

Conclusions
Atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were significantly associated with increased risk for readmission in HF patients, but ROC analysis showed a low AUC, which indicates that other factors are more important for predicting the increased risk of readmission.
Risk factors of acute kidney injury in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hyperleukocytosis ymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Kinanti Rengganis Ayu , Palupi-Baroto Retno , Sutaryo Sutaryo 
Published: January 2024

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be found in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients with hyperleukocytosis. Acute kidney Injury (AKI) increases hospital length of stay and mortality. Previous studies have only reported the AKI incidence in ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis, without clarifying risk factors attributed to AKI incidence.
Objective To determine the risk factors of AKI in pediatric ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis.
Methods A case-control study was conducted in children aged 1-18 years admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital (RSUP Dr. Sardjito), Yogyakarta, Central Java Total population sampling of pediatric ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis and AKI was used for the case group, and a simple random sampling ratio of 1:2 was used for the control group. Cut-off values for each independent variable were determined by receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed on potential risk factors.
Results Fourteen pediatric ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis and AKI were included in the case group and 28 children with ALL and hyperleukocytosis but without AKI were included in the control group. The incidence of AKI in children with ALL and hyperleukocytosis was 15.4%. Multivariate analysis revealed that the significant risk factors of AKI in ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis were phosphate concentration ?5.15 mg/L (OR 10.43; 95%CI 1.38 to 79.04; P=0.02) and uric acid concentration ?9.08 mg/dL (OR 12.39; 95%CI 1.88 to 81.44; P=0.009).
Conclusion Phosphate concentration ?5.15 mg/L and uric acid ?9.08 mg/dL were risk factors of AKI in pediatric ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis.
Interleukin-6 and disease activity in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Satria Cahya Dewi , Kurniati Nia , Muktiarti Dina 
Published: January 2024

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease with various manifestations. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a wide range of biological activities which plays an important role in immune regulation and inflammation. Serum level of IL-6 may be used as a parameter of disease activity, especially in pediatric SLE patients with mild disease activity or total remission with conflicting clinical manifestations and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores.
Objective To identify the characteristics of serum IL-6 concentration in pediatric SLE with mild disease activities and total remission.
Methods This case-control study was performed at the allergy-immunology outpatient clinic, Department of Child Health Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta and Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Serum IL-6 concentration and disease activity were assessed in all pediatric SLE patients aged 1-18 years old. Disease activity was assessed with SLEDAI scores and serum level of IL-6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results Among 60 subjects included in this study, 30 subjects with mild activities were in the case group and 30 subjects with total remissions were in the control group. There was no difference in serum IL-6 concentration between the case and control group (OR 0.483; 95%CI 0.041to 5.628; P=0.500). In this study, 2 subjects with urinary tract infection had high serum IL-6 concentrations.
Conclusion There is no difference in serum IL-6 concentration between pediatric SLE patients with mild disease activities compared to total remissions.
Overweight and menstrual disorders in girls aged 12-15 years
Authors: Purba Siska Octaviani , Arto Karina Sugih , Saragih Rina Amalia C. 
Published: January 2024

Background Several studies have noted a strong association between fat distribution and menstrual disorders. Many studies have evaluated the association between nutritional status and menstrual disorders, but the results remain inconclusive.
Objective To assess for possible associations between overweight and menstrual disorders in girls aged 12-15 years.
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in girls aged 12-15 years who had undergone menarche. Nutritional status was classified based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention curve for body mass index (BMI) as overweight (P85-P95) and normal weight (P3-<P85); those underweight (<P3) were excluded. We recorded the subjects’ BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist circumference-to-height ratio (WtHR), menstrual pain (using the visual analog scale), menstrual cycle length, menstrual period duration, and bleeding volume (estimated by the daily number of menstrual pads used) and compared these variables between normal weight and overweight subjects.
Results Of 73 subjects, 32.9% were overweight and 67.1% had normal weight. There were significant associations between overweight and menstrual disorders (prevalence ratio, PR=1.304; P=0.027), irregular menstrual cycle (PR=4.696; P<0.001), abnormal menstrual period duration (PR=2.45; P<0.001), and excessive bleeding volume (PR=9.528; P<0.001). No significant association was found between overweight and menstrual pain (P=0.227). BMI, WC, and WtHR were significantly higher in girls with irregularity and abnormal duration of menstrual cycles, but not in girls with excessive menstrual pain.
Conclusion Overweight is significantly associated with menstrual disorders, irregular menstrual cycle, abnormal menstrual period duration, and abnormal volume of menstrual loss, but not with menstrual pain.
A descriptive study of smoking behavior in school-aged children in Indonesia: Analysis of the 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey
Authors: Ayuningrum Ika Yuli , Sudaryanto Wahyu Tri 
Published: January 2024

Background Adolescents face high pressure to participate in smoking behavior. The impact of smoking will not only affect the health of children and adolescents today, but also their later health status in adulthood. Children who start smoking at a young age are at higher risk of nicotine addiction than those who start in adulthood. Over time, this condition leads to continued cigarette consumption with age.
Objective To describe smoking behavior in school-aged children in Indonesia.
Methods This was a descriptive study using secondary data from The 2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Indonesia. A sample of 7,582 school-aged children (13-15 years) was selected for this study. The study variables were age, sex, spending money, smoking status, age when they first started smoking, number of days of smoking within the last 30 days, average number of cigarettes per day, electric cigarette use, accessibility to electric cigarettes, and information source on electric cigarettes.
Results The largest age group in this study was 14 years old (18.21%). Most subjects were female (57.49%). One-third (2,546 children; 33.57%) of the children have tried or experimented with cigarette smoking. Out of those, 722 children (9.52%) started smoking at the age of 12-13 years and 468 children (6.17%) consumed an average of 1 cigarette per day. Two-thirds of the children were already familiar with e-cigarettes (n=6,061 or 79.94%). The e-cigarettes were obtained from other people (8.16%) and information on e-cigarettes were mostly obtained from peers (8.19%).
Conclusion a third of school-aged children in Indonesia have tried or experimented with cigarette smoking. Most of the information on cigarette smoking come from their peers.
Second, But Not Last: Competition with Positive Spillovers
Authors: Guerra Alice , Parisi Francesco 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper extends the traditional rent-seeking model to consider contests in which the effects of the contestants’ efforts are externally unproductive (i.e., redistributive) but internally productive (i.e., with positive spillover effects on other contestants). Our results show that when players act sequentially, the presence of positive spillovers on other contestants may reduce, or even reverse, the first-mover’s advantage. A second-mover advantage is very likely to arise. Notably, in contests with multiple players, the second-mover advantage does not unravel into a last-mover advantage. Players want to be second, but not last. The comparative statics analysis shows how the strength of positive spillovers affects contestants’ equilibrium expenditures and payoffs, and aggregate rent dissipation.
Performance optimization and investigation of metal-cored filler wires for high-strength steel during gas metal arc welding
Authors: Thakar Hemenkumar H. , Chaudhari Mrunalkumar D. , Vora Jay J. , Patel Vivek , Das Subhash , Bandhu Din , Gupta Manish , Reddy V. Suryaprakash 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study examines the utilization of metal-cored filler wire in conjunction with the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) technique for welding high-strength S690QL steel. Since welding parameters significantly impact the bead quality and weld joint integrity, the main objective was to identify the optimal welding parameters. To achieve this, the input variables including the current (A), voltage (V), and gas flow rate (GFR), and their effects were evaluated for reinforcement (R), width (W), depth of penetration (DOP), and the width of the heat-affected zone (HAZ). For a more efficient and cost-effective investigation, a Box–Behnken design, which is based on response surface methodology, was used for bead-on-plate trials. Mathematical regression models, derived from experimental data, were rigorously validated using the analysis of variance, main effects plots, residual analysis, and the R
2 and Adj. R
2 values. Additionally, the heat transfer search (HTS) algorithm was employed for process optimization. While single-objective optimization provided optimal settings for individual responses, simultaneous optimization aimed to strike a balance between multiple, sometimes conflicting, objectives. This comprehensive approach resulted in specific values, including a reinforcement (R) of 4.285 mm, a width (W) of 9.906 mm, a DOP of 2.039 mm, and an HAZ width of 2.020 mm. These values were achieved with specific input parameters: current (221 A), voltage (24 V), and GFR (21 L·min−1). The Pareto solutions offered a nuanced selection of the most suitable configuration, taking into account the desired values for R, W, DOP, and HAZ. The close alignment between predicted and experimentally measured values for the responses highlights the precision and suitability of the HTS algorithm in estimating critical bead geometries during GMAW of S690QL plates.
Titchmarsh’s theorem with moduli of continuity in Laguerre hypergroup
Authors: Rakhimi Larbi , Daher Radouan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the Titchmarsh theorem for Laguerre hypergroup

K
=

[
0
,

+
∞

[

×
R

\mathbb{K}=[0,+\infty\mathclose{[}\times\mathbb{R}

, via moduli of continuity of higher orders.
Preserving sight: Managing and preventing diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Dar Mohd Altaf , Maqbool Mudasir , Ara Irfat , Qadrie Zulfkar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Preserving eyesight in the presence of diabetic retinopathy, a subtle complication of diabetes, requires a proactive and comprehensive approach. This condition, characterized by the gradual deterioration of the blood vessels in the retina, can quietly advance and pose a significant threat to vision. Effectively managing this issue involves careful control of blood glucose levels through medications, dietary choices, and physical activity. By preventing prolonged high blood sugar levels, the main culprit behind retinal damage, individuals can slow down the progression of diabetic retinopathy and minimize its impact on vision. Medical interventions, such as laser therapies and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, offer targeted measures to address abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage. Regular eye assessments are crucial, providing early detection opportunities even in the absence of obvious symptoms and allowing for timely intervention before irreversible damage occurs. Prevention is equally important, emphasizing proactive measures to avoid diabetic retinopathy. Monitoring blood pressure and lipid levels, along with adopting a health-conscious lifestyle, strengthens cardiovascular health, indirectly protecting the fragile retinal blood vessels. By following diabetes management protocols, maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use, individuals can significantly reduce their vulnerability to diabetic retinopathy. Combined with efforts to increase community awareness and educate about the importance of regular eye check-ups, this comprehensive approach empowers individuals to actively manage their eye health, ultimately preserving the precious gift of sight.
Non-similar modeling and numerical simulations of microploar hybrid nanofluid adjacent to isothermal sphere
Authors: Abbasi A. , Farooq W. , Gul M. , Gupta Manish , Abduvalieva Dilsora , Asmat Farwa , AlQahtani Salman A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In today’s era of rapid technological development, there is an increasing requirement for high-functioning investiture solutions, working liquids and materials that can satisfy the benchmarks of energy efficacy. Specifically, within the domain of heat transference-based industries, an essential challenge is to fabricate a cooling medium that can effectually cope with dissipation of substantial heat flux engendered by high-energy utilizations. At present, nanoliquids are extensively deliberated as some of the most promising aspirants for such effectual cooling mediums. The current investigation features hybrid nanoliquid flow adjacent to magnetized non-isothermal incompressible sphere. Rheological expressions representing micropolar liquid are accounted for flow formulation. The rheological analysis is developed using the boundary-layer concept. Buoyancy impact is accounted for heat transference analysis. Nanoparticles with distinct shapes are considered. The developed nonlinear systems are computed numerically and non-similar simulations are performed.
Revealing key role of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases, with potential to develop new targeted therapies
Authors: Zhang Haofuzi , Jiang Xiaofan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
David M. Holtzman and his team at the University of Washington School of Medicine have made breakthroughs in their research on neurodegenerative diseases. They discovered that the infiltration of T cells into the brain, instigated by activated microglia, is a critical factor in the progression of tauopathy. The groundbreaking findings were published in Nature on March 8, 2023. This research delineates a pivotal immune hub linked to tauopathy and neurodegeneration; a complex interplay involving activated microglia and T cell responses. This discovery could potentially become a target for developing therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer’s disease and primary neurodegeneration.