bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AsGAD1 cloned from creeping bentgrass modulates cadmium tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana by remodelling membrane lipids and cadmium uptake, transport and chelation
Authors: Di Yilin , Cao Yiqin , Peng Dandan , Liu Ying , Li Zhou 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe gene GAD1 encodes a glutamate decarboxylase, which is a rate‐limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of endogenous γ‐aminobutyrate acid (GABA), but a potential role of GAD1 in regulating cadmium (Cd) tolerance needs to be further elucidated in plants. The objective of this study was to investigate Cd tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and transgenic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing AsGAD1. The Cd‐tolerant creeping bentgrass cultivar LOFTSL‐93 accumulated more endogenous GABA in relation to a significant upregulation of AsGAD1 in leaf and root than the Cd‐sensitive W66569 in response to Cd stress. The overexpression of AsGAD1 significantly enhanced Cd tolerance of yeast or A. thaliana associated with improved endogenous GABA content, low oxidative damage, and high cell membrane stability and photochemical efficiency. Compared with wild type, AsGAD1‐overexpressing plants or the atgad1 mutant maintained significantly lower or higher Cd content in leaf and root by down‐regulating or up‐regulating transcript levels of AtNRAMP1/2/3/4/5 and AtZIP1/2, respectively. Moreover, overexpression of AsGAD1 significantly up‐regulated transcript levels of AtHMA1/3, contributing to better Cd compartmentalization from chloroplast into cytoplasm and then into vacuoles. AsGAD1 overexpression also induced expressions of AsMT1A/1B/1C/2/3, AsGSH1/2, and AsPCS1/2, indicating better capacity of Cd chelation in cytosol and vacuoles for Cd detoxification. Hence, AsGAD1‐regulated detoxification mechanism of Cd could be related to Cd uptake, transport, and chelation. In addition, lipid contents (PC, PG, and DGDG) and the DGDG/MGDG and PC/PG ratios were improved by the AsGAD1 overexpression, which favors membrane stability and functionality under Cd stress. These findings provide new insight into the regulatory role of GAD1 in Cd tolerance in plants.
Development and validation of a nomogram for delirium in the old ischaemic stroke patients
Authors: Cai Xiaoyan , Yu Xuefen , Qin Jieying , Zhou Kebing , Li Zhiying , Zhang Jiahui , Zheng Dongxiang , Wang Peng , Yan Fengxia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimTo investigate the predictors of post‐stroke delirium (PSD) in the old ischaemic stroke patients, and develop a nomogram to predict the risk of PSD.MethodsA cross‐observational study was conducted. The old ischaemic stroke patients in a tertiary hospital in South China were recruited and randomly divided into the train group and test group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in the train group to screen out predictors of PSD, and develop a nomogram. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness‐of‐fit test (H‐L test) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the nomogram. The internal validation was performed in test group.ResultsThe incidence of PSD was 21.1% (105/497). Coronary heart disease (CHD), indwelling catheter, physical restraint, and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly associated with PSD. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram was 0.885 in the train group, and 0.865 in the test group. The calibration curves of the two groups were close to the standardised line. The P‐values of H‐L test were over 0.05. The DCA presented some net benefits in the two groups.ConclusionCHD, indwelling catheter, restraint, and NLR were strongly associated with PSD in the old. A nomogram with good prediction effect and advisable clinical applicability was developed.
Body‐worn cameras, police arrests, and bureaucratic discretion: A large‐scale causal analysis across the United States
Authors: Headley Andrea M. , Baker Daniel B. , Kang Inkyu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDrawing on the literature on bureaucratic discretion, this study conducts a large‐scale, nationwide causal analysis of the effects of body‐worn cameras (BWC) in the United States (US). It employs a staggered difference‐in‐differences (DiD) approach using 12 years of panel data (2008–2019) covering 697 local police agencies. The findings indicate that BWC adoption had no significant effect on White arrests but led to an approximately 5.5% decrease in Black arrests. Importantly, the reduction in Black arrests was concentrated in alcohol‐related cases, which involve considerable officer discretion, but did not extend to cases categorized as more serious public safety threats, such as violent or property crimes, where officer discretion may be more limited. Meanwhile, there was also a 7.7% increase in White arrests related to weapon offenses, aligning with prior studies that suggest BWCs may serve as a tool for evidence collection. Our findings provide insight into how BWCs have influenced police arrests in the US, advancing beyond previous single‐case evaluations.
Attenuated, transformed and re‐inscribed sacra: Towards an ethnography of traditional land tenure in the Northern Territory now
Authors: Burke Paul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper identifies the probable features of contemporary traditional land tenure in the Northern Territory. The fragility of the intergenerational transmission of detailed knowledge of traditional country in current circumstances leads to a hollowing out of the previous concomitants of dreaming sites (stories, songs, rituals, designs). Concurrently, traditional ideas of the spirits of the Old People and associated rituals of announcement and introduction become ascendent, as does claimant archival research, processes of sacralising sites of previous quotidian human activity, strictly biological ideas of descent, and the inclusion of select individuals into traditional owner groups by means other than descent. All these developments seem to raise questions of what can be considered ‘traditional’ under the Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976. Only some of these changes may be accommodated under the limited flexibility in the current definition of traditional owner. Does the definition need revision to prevent disenfranchising the younger generation?
Cerebellar control of targeted tongue movements
Authors: Bina Lorenzo , Ciapponi Camilla , Yu Si‐yang , Wang Xiang , Bosman Laurens W. J. , De Zeeuw Chris I. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe cerebellum is critical for coordinating movements related to eating, drinking and swallowing, all of which require proper control of the tongue. Cerebellar Purkinje cells can encode tongue movements, but it is unclear how their simple spikes and complex spikes induce changes in the shape of the tongue that contribute to goal‐directed movements. To study these relations, we recorded and stimulated Purkinje cells in the vermis and hemispheres of mice during spontaneous licking from a stationary or moving water spout. We found that Purkinje cells can encode rhythmic licking with both their simple spikes and complex spikes. Increased simple spike firing during tongue protrusion induces ipsiversive bending of the tongue. Unexpected changes in the target location trigger complex spikes that alter simple spike firing during subsequent licks, adjusting the tongue trajectory. Furthermore, we observed increased complex spike firing during behavioural state changes at both the start and the end of licking bouts. Using machine learning, we confirmed that alterations in Purkinje cell activity accompany licking, with different Purkinje cells often exerting heterogeneous encoding schemes. Our data highlight that directional movement control is paramount in cerebellar function and that modulation of the complex spikes and that of the simple spikes are complementary during acquisition and execution of sensorimotor coordination. These results bring us closer to understanding the clinical implications of cerebellar disorders during eating, drinking and swallowing.
imageKey points
When drinking, mice make rhythmic tongue movements directed towards the water source.
Cerebellar Purkinje cells can fire rhythmically in tune with the tongue movements.
Purkinje cells encode changes in the position of the water source with complex spikes.
Purkinje cell simple spike firing affects the direction of tongue movements.
Purkinje cells that report changes in the position of the target can also adjust movements in the right direction.
We Know That We Are All Together: A Case Study of the Communal Coping Process in a Professional Ice Hockey Team
Authors: Mahot Kevin , Pété Emilie , Lienhart Noémie , Doron Julie 
Published: January 2025

On the road to success, team members combine efforts to cope with stressful situations they face together. This case study explores communal coping in a professional ice hockey team during the COVID-19 crisis, involving 20 male players (Mage = 28.5). Using template thematic analysis of semistructured interviews, three shared stressors were identified: the suspension of competitions, uncertainty about logistics and career stability, and the loss of social opportunities. These stressors affected psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, and team performance. Findings reveal various communal coping strategies including problem-focused efforts (e.g., effort expenditure), relationship-focused coping (e.g., team days), and communal emotional management (e.g., compassionate conversations). Leaders contribute to the communal coping process by fostering a positive social environment and initiating coping strategies. By introducing the concept of transactional space, this study highlights the importance of communication and group dynamics in coordinating efforts against adversity and suggests that training leaders could enhance team resilience.
A locally administered single-cycle influenza vaccine expressing a non-fusogenic stabilized hemagglutinin stimulates strong T-cell and neutralizing antibody immunity
Authors: Sadler Holly L. , Rijal Pramila , Tan Tiong Kit , Townsend Alain R. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Current influenza vaccination approaches protect against specific viral strains, but do not consistently induce broad and long-lasting protection to the diversity of circulating influenza viruses. Single-cycle viruses delivered to the respiratory tract may offer a promising solution as they safely express a diverse array of viral antigens by undergoing just one round of cell infection in their host and stimulate broadly protective resident memory T-cell responses in the lung. We have previously developed a vaccine candidate called S-FLU, which is limited to a single cycle of infection by inactivation of the hemagglutinin signal sequence and induces a broadly cross-reactive T-cell response and antibodies to neuraminidase, but fails to induce neutralizing antibodies to hemagglutinin after intranasal administration. This study describes the development of CLEARFLU, a derivative of S-FLU, which is designed to add a neutralizing antibody response to hemagglutinin. In contrast to S-FLU, which does not express a hemagglutinin molecule at the infected cell surface, CLEARFLU viruses express a stabilized non-fusogenic hemagglutinin. They are equally limited to a single cycle of infection, but induce a neutralizing antibody response to the expressed hemagglutinin in addition to the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses to internal proteins and antibodies to neuraminidase induced by S-FLU. This represents a notable advantage as CLEARFLU viruses may provide sterile immunity against strain-matched challenge as well as non-sterile protection against a broad range of influenza viruses.

IMPORTANCE
Influenza is a serious public health concern, causing seasonal epidemics as well as pandemics in people. Influenza can also cause severe agricultural losses due to its circulation in farmed poultry and swine. A major challenge in the control of influenza is the diversity of circulating viruses. Developing vaccines that stimulate immunity to a wide array of influenza viruses is therefore important for protecting human and animal populations from disease and death. In this study, we describe an approach for developing influenza vaccines that trigger immune mechanisms shown to induce broad protection against a diversity of viruses, while also conserving the strong protection against specific strains observed in existing vaccines.
APOBEC-1 cofactors regulate APOBEC3-induced mutations in hepatitis B virus
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Eggerman Thomas L. , Bocharov Alexander V. , Baranova Irina N. , Vishnyakova Tatyana G. , Patterson Amy P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

APOBEC3 proteins (A3s) play an important role in host innate immunity against viruses and DNA mutations in cancer. A3s-induced mutations in both viral and human DNA genomes vary significantly from non-lethal mutations in viruses to localized hypermutations, such as kataegis in cancer. How A3s are regulated remains largely unknown. Since A3s exist in complexes and belong to the same family as APOBEC-1 (A1), which requires cofactors to be functional, we investigated the role of A1 cofactors and other A3 potentially associated hnRNPs on A3 mutational activity using hepatitis B virus (HBV) cellular replication as a model. We found that A1-associated cofactors and other hnRNPs were involved in A3 mutational activity regulation, and their regulatory effect was dependent on the strength of A3 association with hnRNPs with an order of A3C > 3G>3B and A1 cofactors > other hnRNPs. A1 cofactors had a strong protein interaction with A3 and significantly increased A3 mutational activity by co-expression. Endogenous gene expression knockdown by siRNA had the opposite decrease effect. Disruption of the protein interactions between A3 and hnRNPs through A3G and A3B mutagenesis decreased A3 mutational activity significantly, even to a level of near total loss, indicating that A1 cofactors and hnRNPs are required for A3 mutational activity. HBV genome-wide mutation analyses showed that A1 cofactors significantly increased A3C accessibility to HBV (−)DNA and A3C-induced mutational efficiency to generate kataegis-like hypermutation. These data demonstrate that A1 cofactors and hnRNPs are closely associated with A3s and may play an important regulatory role under physiological conditions.

IMPORTANCE
As human host restriction factors, A3s play an important role against viral infections. A3s are also major mutagenic drivers of cancer. However, why A3-induced mutations vary significantly from non-lethal mutations in virus to localized hypermutations in cancer remains unknown. We found that A1 cofactor and other hnRNPs are not only associated with A3 complexes but also play important regulatory roles in A3-induced mutation activities. A1 cofactors like GRY-RBP significantly increased A3 accessibility and mutational efficiency to its single-strand DNA substrate during HBV reverse transcription to generate hypermutations. Disruption of the A3 protein association with hnRNPs by A3 mutagenesis diminished A3 mutational activity. This finding not only reveals a regulatory mechanism for A3-induced mutation but also indicates that A3-associated cellular factors can be a potential target for regulating A3-induced mutation for cancer therapeutics.
Description of the genome sequence of
Corynebacterium
species (Marseille-Q4381)
Authors: Boxberger Manon , Rivoire Stéphanie , Le Targa Lorlane , Cenizo Valérie , La Scola Bernard 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

In 2020, we isolated a
Corynebacterium
strain, Marseille-Q4381, from healthy skin. We describe herein its genome sequence and annotation characteristics.
Complete genome sequences of the
Paenibacillus kyungheensis
KACC 18744
T
,
Sphingomonas naphthae
KACC 18716
T
, and
Novosphingobium humi
KACC 19094
T
Authors: Choi Hyorim , Kim Seunghwan , Won Miyoung , Choi Yunhee , Lee Yonghoon , Kim Yiseul , Heo Jun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

We report the whole genome sequences of
Paenibacillus kyungheensis
KACC 18744
T
,
Sphingomonas naphthae
KACC 18716
T
, and
Novosphingobium humi
KACC 19094
T
, to investigate the genomic diversity of bacterial type strains distributed in Korea.
Complete genome sequence of a polyhydroxyalkaonate-accumulating bacterium,
Schlegelella aquatica
HS-12-14, isolated from a Korean hot spring
Authors: Ganbat Dariimaa , Ganbat Sondor , Sung Jae-Yoon , Kim Seong-Bo , Lee Dong-Woo , Lee Sang-Jae 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

We present the complete genome sequence of polyhydroxyalkaonate-accumulating moderately thermophilic
Schlegelella aquatica
HS-12-14 strain, isolated from a Korean hot spring. These findings contribute to valuable insights into the biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkaonates in thermophiles and enhance understanding of
Schlegelella
strains.
Environmental and population influences on mummichog (
Fundulus heteroclitus
) gut microbiomes
Authors: Ma Lei , Hahn Mark E. , Karchner Sibel I. , Nacci Diane , Clark Bryan W. , Apprill Amy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The mummichog,
Fundulus heteroclitus
, an abundant estuarine fish broadly distributed along the eastern coast of North America, has repeatedly evolved tolerance to otherwise lethal levels of aromatic hydrocarbon exposure. This tolerance is linked to reduced activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. In other animals, the AHR has been shown to influence the gastrointestinal-associated microbial community, particularly when activated by the model toxic pollutant 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126) and other dioxin-like compounds. To understand host population and PCB-126 exposure effects on mummichog gut microbiota, we sampled two populations of wild fish, one from a PCB-contaminated environment (New Bedford Harbor, MA, USA) and the other from a much less polluted location (Scorton Creek, MA, USA), as well as laboratory-reared F2 generation fish originating from each of these populations. We examined the microbes associated with the gut of these fish using amplicon sequencing of bacterial and archaeal small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Fish living in the PCB-polluted site had high microbial alpha and beta diversity compared to fish from the low PCB site. These differences between wild fish were not present in laboratory-reared F2 fish that originated from the same populations. Microbial compositional differences existed between wild and lab-reared fish, with the wild fish dominated by Vibrionaceae and the lab-reared fish by Enterococceae. These results suggest that mummichog habitat and/or environmental conditions have a stronger influence on the mummichog gut microbiome compared to population or hereditary-based influences. Mummichog are important eco-evolutionary model organisms; this work reveals their importance for exploring host-environmental-microbiome dynamics.

IMPORTANCE
The mummichog fish, a common resident of North America's east coast estuaries, has evolved the ability to survive in waters contaminated with toxic chemicals that would typically be deadly. Our study investigates how living in and adapting to these toxic environments may affect their gut microbiomes. We compared mummichogs from a polluted area in Massachusetts with those from a non-polluted site and found significant differences in their gut microbes. Interestingly, when we raised the next generation of these fish in a lab, these differences disappeared, suggesting that the environment plays a more crucial role in shaping the gut microbiome than genetics. Understanding these changes helps shed light on how animals and their associated microbiomes adapt to pollution, which can inform conservation efforts and our broader understanding of environmental impacts on host-microbe dynamics.
Multi-center evaluation of the Alinity m HR HPV assay with liquid-based cytology cervical specimens in the United States
Authors: Goldstein D. Yitzchak , Yang Tong , Lucic Danijela , Zhang Yan , Cullum Richard , Kostera Joshua , Patel Anami 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Incorporating molecular testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) into the screening of cervical specimens can improve risk stratification and, in turn, patient management. Infection with a high-risk (HR) HPV genotype is associated with greater risk for persistent infection, viral integration, and progression of cervical neoplasia. Current guidelines consider HPV 16 or HPV 18 clinically actionable with referral to colposcopy; however, 12 Other HR HPV genotypes have been associated with cervical cancer risk, suggesting a benefit of extended genotyping. In this multi-center study, we evaluated the performance of the Alinity m HR HPV assay, which reports HPV 16, 18, and 45 individually and aggregates of HPV 31/33/52/58 and HPV 35/39/51/56/59/66, compared with cobas HPV and Aptima HPV assays, across a variety of cytology result categories. A total of 746 de-identified residual cervical specimens, collected as part of routine cervical cancer screening programs, were tested using Alinity m HR HPV and at least one comparator assay. The overall percent agreement was ≥90.7% for results from the Alinity m HR HPV assay and cobas HPV assays and 90.5% for results from the Alinity m HR HPV and Aptima HPV assay. In patients with any abnormal cytology result, Alinity m identified 78 specimens with non-HPV 16/18 results, underscoring the benefit of detecting additional HR HPV genotypes to guide patient management more accurately. Among specimens with normal cytology, Alinity m detected 14 additional specimens with non-HPV 16/18 genotypes. Extended HR HPV testing can provide additional information to triage patients for appropriate testing and follow-up.

IMPORTANCE
Extended genotyping for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types enhances diagnostic precision by identifying additional oncogenic HPV types beyond 16 and 18 therefore offering a more nuanced risk profile. This more comprehensive detection may aid in identifying persistent infections that are more likely to progress, thereby supporting future risk-based patient management strategies.