bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional dry fermented sausages manufactured with high levels of n‐3 fatty acids: nutritional benefits and evaluation of oxidation
Authors: Muguerza Edurne , Ansorena Diana , Astiasarán Iciar 
Published: May 2004

AbstractDry fermented sausages including fish oil extracts rich in n‐3 fatty acids were manufactured in order to obtain functional products, and their nutritional advantages and effects on oxidation process were compared with traditional ones. Modified products were manufactured with 5.3 g kg−1 and 10.7 g kg−1 of fish oil extract. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents per 100 g of dry fermented sausages were 0.15 g and 0.13 g for the lower rate of addition and 0.33 g and 0.26 g, respectively, for the higher rate, compared with only 0.01 g EPA and 0.03 g DHA in the control products. No significant differences were found in the other fatty acids. A decrease in the n‐6/n‐3 ratios from 16.14 in the control to 7.78 in batch A and 5.32 in batch B was achieved. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values were similar in control (0.31 ppm) and in batch A products (0.34 ppm) but increased significantly in batch B products (1.22 ppm). No statistical differences were observed among batches for the content of cholesterol oxidation products (2.36–2.43 µg g−1 fat) leading to similar percentages of oxidation. 7‐Ketocholesterol, considered an indicator of oxidation, was not present in any sample. Values obtained for L* and hue (arctg b*/a*) were comparable with those of meat products. Although no effect was observed in cholesterol oxidation product formation and instrumental measurements of colour, the highest level of n‐3 fatty acid seemed to accelerate the oxidation process significantly. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Resection prior to liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A strategy of optimizing the role of resection and transplantation in cirrhotic patients with preserved liver function
Authors: Poon Ronnie T. , Fan Sheung Tat 
Published: May 2004

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility and postoperative course of liver transplantation (LT) in cirrhotic patients who underwent liver resection prior to LT for HCC.

Summary Background Data
Although LT provides longer survival than liver resection for treatment of small HCCs, donor shortage and long LT wait time may argue against LT. The feasibility and survival following LT after hepatic resection have not been previously examined.

Methods
Between 1991 and 2001, among 107 patients who underwent LT for HCC, 88 met Mazzafero’s criteria upon pathologic analysis of the explant. Of these, 70 underwent primary liver transplantation (PLT) and 18 liver resection prior to secondary liver transplantation (SLT) for recurrence (n = 11), deterioration of liver function (n = 4), or high risk for recurrence (n = 3). Perioperative and postoperative factors and long-term survival were compared.

Results
Comparison of PLT and SLT groups at the time of LT revealed similar median age (53 vs. 55 years), sex, and etiology of liver disease (alcohol/viral B/C/other). In the SLT group, the mean time between liver resection and listing for LT was 20 months (range 1-84 months). Overall time on LT waiting list of the two groups was similar (3 vs. 5 months). Pathologic analysis after LT revealed similar tumor size (2.2 vs. 2.3 cm) and number (1.6 vs. 1.7). Perioperative and postoperative courses were not different in terms of operative time (551 vs. 530 minutes), blood loss (1191 vs. 1282 mL), transfusion (3 vs. 2 units), ICU (9 vs. 10 days) or hospital stay (32 vs. 31 days), morbidity (51% vs. 56%) or 30-day mortality (5.7% vs. 5.6%). During a median follow-up of 32 months (3 to 158 months), 3 patients recurred after PLT and one after SLT. After transplantation, 3- and 5-year overall survivals were not different between groups (82 vs. 82% and 59 vs. 61%).

Conclusions
In selected patients, liver resection prior to transplantation does not increase the morbidity or impair long-term survival following LT. Therefore, liver resection prior to transplantation can be integrated in the treatment strategy for HCC. (Ann Surg 2003;238:885-893.) (Liver Transpl 2004;10:813-815.)
Functional characterization of hepatoma‐specific stem cell antigen‐2
Authors: He Jin , Chang Lung‐Ji 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIdentification of tumor‐specific antigens and genetic pathways may lead to potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. cDNA microarray has been used in cancer gene profiling, but the broad spectrum of data accruing and narrow signal‐to‐noise range of this technology have limited its use in rapid identification of highly differentially expressed tumor genes. Here, we used a modified suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method to isolate a small number of highly differentially expressed genes from murine hepatoma cells. For functional analysis of these hepatoma‐specific genes, we employed the small interference RNA (siRNA)‐mediated gene silencing method with lentiviral vectors, which have the advantages of high delivery efficiency and long lasting effect. Stem cell antigen‐2 (Sca‐2) was identified as one of the highest differentially expressed tumor antigens. Lentiviral siRNA successfully suppressed >90% of Sca‐2 expression and the suppression lasted longer than 3 mo. Interestingly, inhibition of Sca‐2 induced rapid hepatoma cell apoptosis, and the survival Sca‐2‐negative hepatoma cells exhibited high sensitivity to extrinsic tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) apoptosis signal but not intrinsic apoptosis signal. Analysis of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) by flow cytometry and Western blotting indicated that Sca‐2 expression downregulated cell surface but not de novo synthesis of TNFR1 in the hepatoma cells. Together, our results suggested that Sca‐2 was a signal transducer situated at the nexus of surface molecules regulating death receptor‐mediated apoptosis. The technology illustrated that this method can deduce a small number of highly differentially expressed tumor genes that may have diagnostic and therapeutic potential. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of novel differentially expressed genes by the effect of a high‐fat n‐6 diet in experimental breast cancer
Authors: Escrich Eduard , Moral Raquel , García Gemma , Costa Irmgard , Sánchez Josep Anton , Solanas Montserrat 
Published: May 2004

AbstractIn previous studies, we demonstrated that high corn oil diets promote the development of 7,12‐dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)‐induced mammary tumors. In this study, we have investigated whether modulation of gene expression is one of the mechanisms by which this high‐fat diet exerts such effects. Female Sprague‐Dawley rats were induced with DMBA and fed normolipidic (3% corn oil) or high‐fat (20% corn oil) diet. Screening of genes differentially expressed in adenocarcinomas from the high corn oil diet group compared to the control diet group was performed with cDNA microarrays. The resulting six upregulated and nine downregulated genes were validated by Northern blot and/or reverse transcription (RT)‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Further investigation in a higher number of adenocarcinomas showed that in the high‐fat n‐6 diet group, where the tumor phenotype was verified to be more aggressive, the expression of submaxillary gland α‐2u globulin, vitamin D3‐upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1), H19, and the unknown function gene that codifies the expressed sequence tag (EST)‐Rn.32385 was significantly decreased in comparison with the control group (C). These results, together with the fact that VDUP1, H19, and this globulin have been associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, open a new line of research about how the underexpression of these genes contributes to the stimulating effect of a high corn oil diet on experimental mammary carcinogenesis. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dominantly‐inherited adult‐onset leukodystrophy with palatal tremor caused by a mutation in the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene
Authors: Thyagarajan Dominic , Chataway Timothy , Li Rong , Gai Wei Ping , Brenner Michael 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe report on a pedigree of dominantly‐inherited, adult‐onset Alexander disease caused by the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) gene mutation, R416W. This pedigree highlights the importance of genetic analysis of the GFAP gene in leukodystrophy with palatal tremor. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Predictors of sudden onset of sleep in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Körner Yvonne , Meindorfner Charlotte , Möller Jens Carsten , Stiasny‐Kolster Karin , Haja Doris , Cassel Werner , Oertel Wolfgang Hermann , Krüger Hans‐Peter 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWith respect to the ongoing discussion of “sleep attacks” in Parkinson's disease (PD), we sought to estimate the prevalence of sudden onset of sleep (SOS) with and without preceding sleepiness in PD, to identify associated factors, and to define the role of antiparkinsonian medication in SOS. We sent a questionnaire about SOS, sleep behaviour, and medication to 12,000 PD patients. The response rate was 63%, from which 6,620 complete data sets could be analysed. A total of 42.9% of our population reported SOS, 10% of whom never experienced sleepiness before the appearance of SOS (4.3% of all), and we identified the administration of all dopaminergic drugs as a risk factor for SOS. However, SOS occurred earlier after introduction of nonergoline dopamine agonists (DA) and was more strongly associated with nonergoline DA in younger patients (below 70 years) with a shorter disease duration (up to 7 years) but, actually, medication was less efficient in predicting SOS than most other factors considered such as higher age, male sex, longer disease duration, and the report of sleep disturbances. This survey strongly suggests that SOS is a multifactorial phenomenon. Some subgroups are at particular risk of experiencing SOS under nonergoline DA, especially at the beginning of this therapy. Our results support the current notion that SOS, in part, can be attributed to PD‐specific pathology because disease duration and subjective disease severity have been shown to be predictors of SOS. We recommend the development of a standardised question to recognise SOS and to facilitate the comparison of prevalence estimates. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Reversible Pisa syndrome (pleurothotonus) due to the cholinesterase inhibitor galantamine: Case report
Authors: Cossu Giovanni , Melis Maurizio , Melis Giannina , Maccioni Elisabetta , Putzu Valeria , Catte Olga , Putzu Paolo Francesco 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe report on a case of reversible Pisa syndrome developed after treatment with galantamine in a patient with Alzheimer's disease without previous exposure to neuroleptic or other cholinesterase inhibitors. Complete and persistent resolution of the syndrome was achieved several weeks after botulinum toxin type‐A injection. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Microvascular anastomosis through the tibial tunnel: A new technique in free‐tissue transfer to the leg
Authors: Muramatsu Keiichi , Shigetomi Mitsunori , Ihara Koichiro , Kawai Shinya 
Published: May 2004

AbstractFree‐tissue transfer to a severely traumatized leg has a high rate of vascular complications. We present three successful cases using a new technique of microvascular anastomosis through the tibial tunnel. Because of the unavailability of anterior tibial artery due to posttraumatic vascular disease, donor vascular pedicles were passed posterior to the tibia through the tibial tunnel and anastomosed to the posterior tibial artery or its branch in an end‐to‐end fashion. The flaps survived perfectly, without any vascular complication. This technique represents a safe route, and the shortest route, to an expected anastomosis point. Our technique is indicated especially in cases with a single‐vessel leg. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Delayed reflection of the energy flow at a potential step for dispersive wave packets
Authors: Ali Mehmeti F. , Régnier V. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractWe study Klein–Gordon equations with constant coefficients and different dispersion relations on two one‐dimensional semi‐infinite media coupled with transmission conditions. We obtain lower and upper bounds of the reflected part of the energy flow at the connecting point when the frequency band involved in the initial signal is sufficiently narrow. We detect a phenomenon of delayed reflection for low frequency wave packets, which is in accordance with the recent experiments of Haibel and Nimtz. The result is then generalized for a star‐shaped network of n semi‐infinite branches connected at one point. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maximum‐weight‐basis preconditioners
Authors: Boman Erik G. , Chen Doron , Hendrickson Bruce , Toledo Sivan 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis paper analyses a novel method for constructing preconditioners for diagonally dominant symmetric positive‐definite matrices. The method discussed here is based on a simple idea: we construct M by simply dropping offdiagonal non‐zeros from A and modifying the diagonal elements to maintain a certain row‐sum property. The preconditioners are extensions of Vaidya's augmented maximum‐spanning‐tree preconditioners. The preconditioners presented here were also mentioned by Vaidya in an unpublished manuscript, but without a complete analysis.The preconditioners that we present have only O(n+t2) nonzeros, where n is the dimension of the matrix and 1⩽t⩽n is a parameter that one can choose. Their construction is efficient and guarantees that the condition number of the preconditioned system is O(n2/t2) if the number of nonzeros per row in the matrix is bounded by a constant.We have developed an efficient algorithm to construct these preconditioners and we have implemented it. We used our implementation to solve a simple model problem; we show the combinatorial structure of the preconditioners and we present encouraging convergence results. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mixed plate bending elements based on least‐squares formulation
Authors: Pontaza J. P. , Reddy J. N. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractA finite element formulation for the bending of thin and thick plates based on least‐squares variational principles is presented. Finite element models for both the classical plate theory and the first‐order shear deformation plate theory (also known as the Kirchhoff and Mindlin plate theories, respectively) are considered. High‐order nodal expansions are used to construct the discrete finite element model based on the least‐squares formulation. Exponentially fast decay of the least‐squares functional, which is constructed using the L2 norms of the equations residuals, is verified for increasing order of the nodal expansions. Numerical examples for the bending of circular, rectangular and skew plates with various boundary conditions and plate thickness are presented to demonstrate the predictive capability and robustness of the new plate bending elements. Plate bending elements based on this formulation are shown to be insensitive to both shear‐locking and geometric distortions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐precision Laplace transform inversion
Authors: Abate J. , Valkó P. P. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractFor the numerical inversion of Laplace transforms we suggest to use multi‐precision computing with the level of precision determined by the algorithm. We present two such procedures. The Gaver–Wynn–Rho (GWR) algorithm is based on a special sequence acceleration of the Gaver functionals and requires the evaluation of the transform only on the real line. The fixed Talbot (FT) method is based on the deformation of the contour of the Bromwich inversion integral and requires complex arithmetic. Both GWR and FT have only one free parameter: M, which is the number of terms in the summation. Both algorithms provide increasing accuracy as M increases and can be realized in a few lines using current Computer Algebra Systems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New green fluorescent polyvinylcarbazole copolymer with 1,8‐naphthalimide side chains as chemosensor for iron cations
Authors: Grabchev Ivo , Chovelon Jean‐Marc , Bojinov Vladimir 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe synthesis and basic photophysical characteristics of a novel green fluorescent polyvinylcarbazole polymer containing 4‐N,N‐dimethylaminoethyleneamino‐1,8‐naphthalimide side chains has been described. The ability to sense metal cations has been monitored by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. It is shown that the fluorescent intensity is very sensitive to the Fe2+ cations and the copolymer can be used as an homogeneous and heterogeneous fluorescent sensor for Fe2+ cations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of doped polypyrrole–poly(methylthienyl methacrylate) films via pyrolysis mass spectrometry
Authors: Athar Imran , Hacaloğlu Jale , Toppare Levent 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThis work presents the characterization of p‐toluene sulfonate doped polypyrrole–poly(methylthienyl methacrylate) films synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on a poly(methylthienyl methacrylate) coated anode. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry was used to characterize the polymer. The study was focused on the influence of each of the components on the thermal degradation behaviour of the other. The results indicated that decomposition of the matrix polymer, ie poly(methylthienyl methacrylate), had occurred during the polymerization of pyrrole. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and properties of styrene–ethylene/butylene–styrene (SEBS)–clay hybrids
Authors: Chang Young‐Wook , Shin Jae‐Yong , Ryu Sung Hun 
Published: May 2004

AbstractStyrene–ethylene/butylene–styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS)–clay hybrids were prepared by melt blending SEBS and organoclay using an internal mixer. Maleic anhydride modified SEBS (SEBS–MA) was used as a compatibilizer. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that silicate layers of the clay were partially exfoliated and dispersed at a nanometer scale in the polymer matrix. Enhanced mechanical properties of these hybrids were observed from tensile and dynamic mechanical tests. Thermal degradation temperature of the hybrids was increased compared with pristine SEBS. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Reinforcement of elastomeric polypropylene by nanoclay fillers
Authors: Vu Yen T , Rajan Guru S , Mark James E , Myers Charles L 
Published: May 2004

AbstractPolypropylene (PP) was prepared by metallocene catalysts so as to have a stereoblock structure, with isotactic sequences long enough to give crystallites functioning as crosslinks, but small enough in number to have the atactic chains predominate in a surrounding elastomeric matrix. The resulting thermoplastic elastomer was then blended with organically modified clays to document the conditions required to exfoliate the clay layers in a way to maximize the chances for good reinforcement. Some experiments included the use of modified PP as a compatibilizing agent or a commercial silica, for reference purposes. The clays were clearly superior to the silica, which was found to be ineffective for reinforcing this elastomer. The nanoclay fillers did provide improvements in modulus but not toughness, because of corresponding decreases in extensibility. Resistance to creep also remained a problem, presumably due to the clay layers interfering with the growth of the crystallites needed to form a robust network structure. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and properties of new aromatic polyimides based on 2,2′‐dibromo‐4,4′,5,5′‐benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride
Authors: Banihashemi Ahmad , Tamami Bahman , Abdolmaleki Amir 
Published: May 2004

AbstractNew polyimides with enhanced thermal stability and high solubility were synthesized in common organic solvents from a new dianhydride, 2,2′‐dibromo‐4,4′,5,5′‐benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (DBBTDA). DBBTDA was used as monomer to synthesize polyimides by using various aromatic diamines. The polymers were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These polyimides had good inherent viscosities in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone (NMP) and also high solubility and excellent thermo‐oxidative stability, with 5 % weight loss in the range 433 to 597 °C. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and properties of novel crosslinkable second‐order nonlinear optical polymers based on 2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene
Authors: Wang Yao , Wang Xinjiao , Chuai Xiaohong , Fu Na , Cui Zhanchen , Yi Maobin , Zhang Daming , Yang Bai 
Published: May 2004

AbstractTwo crosslinkable second‐order nonlinear optical polymers were prepared by copolymerization of 2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene, styrene (St), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 1‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐2‐(4‐{[2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] ethylamino}‐phenyl) diazene (DR1M) via the sealed‐tube reaction technique. These polymers were characterized using 1H, 13C and 19F NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crosslinkable polymers have high molecular weights, good organosolubility, excellent film‐forming properties and high glass transition (106–110 °C) and thermal decomposition temperatures (290–350 °C) after being crosslinked. Furthermore, the polymer films possess not only high values (12–16 pm V−1) of electro‐optical coefficient (r33) at 1.3 µm wavelength but also low optical loss (1.7 dB cm−1) at 1.55 µm wavelength, which is of interest for applications in electro‐optical devices. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Nascent morphology of polyethylene polymerized on flat model catalysts
Authors: Loos J , Lemstra PJ , van Kimmenade EME , Niemantsverdriet JW , Höhne GWH , Thüne PC 
Published: May 2004

AbstractThe morphology and the thermal behavior of nascent polyethylene (PE) polymerized on flat models for the Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalyst were investigated using low‐voltage scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Ethylene polymerizations were performed at 25 °C and 70 °C in gas phase. For the applied polymerization conditions, microscopy observations reveal that the formation of the macromolecules at the active catalyst sites, and their subsequent crystallization on the catalyst, result in homogeneous polymer layers having a thickness of the order of micrometers. The surface morphology of the nascent samples consists of spherical entities having a diameter less than one micrometer. Pillar‐like objects form the internal structure of the PE films. Because these entities are only loosely connected, high porosity is observed within the entire film. Thermal analysis of the samples shows that melting temperature and crystallinity of the nascent PE samples polymerized at 25 °C are noticeably higher than after melting and recrystallization. Samples polymerized at 70 °C, however, do not show these features. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry