bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent socket pain in a dog after the enucleation of the eye and its clinical management
Authors: Gómez Molins Andrea , Adami Chiara , Shing Hannah , Monticelli Paolo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPersistent socket pain is a condition described in humans after enucleation of the eye. This report aims at describing this condition in dogs.A 10‐year‐old male‐neutered crossbreed was presented to the referral veterinary surgeon for enucleation of the right ocular globe. Anaesthesia and surgery were uneventful although during the postoperative period the dog was reluctant to open the mouth and to be explored by the referral veteterinary surgeon. Despite treatment with meloxicam, paracetamol and tramadol, no improvements were observed.Ten weeks after surgery, the dog was referred to the Dick White referrals for further investigations. Ophthalmic examination was normal, though palpation of the wound triggered an avoidance response. Magnetic resonance imaging showed changes compatible with orbital cellulitis.The area of interest was evaluated with the use of the mechanical Von Frey filaments. A response, characterised by sudden turning of the head and attempts to withdraw it, was evoked with filament 4.93 (8.0 g) during stimulation of the periorbital area.After induction of anaesthesia, an ultrasound‐guided injection containing levobupivacaine 0.5% and methylprednisolone was performed within the retrobulbar area.Three hours after recovery from anaesthesia, no discomfort was observed during palpation of the area. Re‐evaluation was performed with the Von Frey filaments; no response could be evoked during testing with all 20 filaments (from 2.36 to 6.65) applied on either side of the face.The patient was discharged with a course of gabapentin and, 3 weeks after the intervention, the dog showed no clinical signs of pain.Persistent socket pain is an unpleasant sensation at the level of the enucleated orbit, and it should be regarded as a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. The MRI findings appeared to be essential to select the most appropriate interventional treatment. The injection of local anaesthetic and steroid into the retrobulbar space was useful for both confirming the diagnosis and treating pain by reducing the peripheral signalling and decreasing the residual inflammation.
Electron Microscopy for Visualization of Interfaces in Adhesion and Adhesive Bonding
Authors: Horiuchi Shin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of electron microscopy techniques to investigate interfaces in polymeric materials and adhesive bonds. First, how the instruments of energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) work and are operated is briefly described. The principles of electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), which are spectroscopic techniques associated with these instruments, are described. Next, the specimen preparation techniques, such as ultramicrotomy, heavy metal staining, focused ion beam (FIB) fabrications, and replica method, which are essential for these electron microscopy tasks, are introduced. This chapter also reviews advanced electron microscopy techniques, such as STEM-EDX-tomography, chemical phase mapping using electron energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES), and in situ tensile TEM. Numerous examples of the application of these techniques to various surfaces and interfaces present in polymer alloys and composites, crystalline polymers, adhesive bonds, and metal substrate surfaces are presented.
A heterotic Kodaira-Spencer theory at one-loop
Authors: Ashmore Anthony , Murgas Ibarra Javier José , McNutt David Duncan , Strickland-Constable Charles , Svanes Eirik Eik , Tennyson David , Winje Sander 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We consider a heterotic version of six-dimensional Kodaira-Spencer gravity derived from the heterotic superpotential. We compute the one-loop partition function and find it can be expressed as a product of holomorphic Ray-Singer torsions. We discuss its topological properties and potential gauge and gravitational anomalies. We show these anomalies can be cancelled using Green-Schwarz-like counter-terms. We also discuss the dependence on the background geometry, and in particular the choice of hermitian metric needed for quantisation. Given suitable topological constraints, this dependence may again be cancelled by the addition of purely background-dependent counter-terms. We also explain how our methods provide the one-loop partition functions of a large class of more general holomorphic field theories in terms of holomorphic Ray-Singer torsions.
Modulatory role of RNA helicases in MBNL-dependent alternative splicing regulation
Authors: Taylor Katarzyna , Piasecka Agnieszka , Kajdasz Arkadiusz , Brzęk Aleksandra , Polay Espinoza Micaela , Bourgeois Cyril F. , Jankowski Artur , Borowiak Małgorzata , Raczyńska Katarzyna D. , Sznajder Łukasz J. , Sobczak Krzysztof 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMuscleblind-like splicing regulators (MBNLs) activate or repress the inclusion of alternative splicing (AS) events, enabling the developmental transition of fetal mRNA splicing isoforms to their adult forms. Herein, we sought to elaborate the mechanism by which MBNLs mediate AS related to biological processes. We evaluated the functional role of DEAD-box (DDX) RNA helicases, DDX5 and DDX17 in MBNL-dependent AS regulation. Whole-transcriptome analysis and validation approaches revealed a handful of MBNLs-dependent AS events to be affected by DDX5 and DDX17 in mostly an opposite manner. The opposite expression patterns of these two groups of factors during muscle development and coordination of fetal-to-adult splicing transition indicate the importance of these proteins at early stages of development. The identified pathways of how the helicases modulate MBNL splicing activity include DDX5 and DDX17-dependent changes in the ratio of MBNL splicing isoforms and most likely changes in accessibility of MBNL-binding sites. Another pathway involves the mode of action of the helicases independent of MBNL activity. These findings lead to a deeper understanding of the network of interdependencies between RNA-binding proteins and constitute a valuable element in the discussion on developmental homeostasis and pathological states in which the studied protein factors play a significant role.
IQA analysis of the two-particle density matrix: chemical insight and computational efficiency
Authors: Vincent Mark A. , Popelier Paul L. A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe interacting quantum atoms (IQA) method offers a rigorous and minimal route to calculate atomic electron correlation energies from the two-particle density matrix (2PDM). The price paid is that this method is very time-consuming. However, employing CCSD and CCSD(T), we explore several approaches to speed up such calculations. We make the pivotal observation that the removal, from the true 2PDM, of both the Hartree–Fock part of the 2PDM and an approximate 2PDM (Müller) dramatically reduces the size of the quadrature grid needed to obtain accurate energies.
On the decomposition mechanism of propanal: rate constants evaluation and kinetic simulations
Authors: Della Libera Andrea , Di Teodoro Maristella , Pelucchi Matteo , Cavallotti Carlo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe reactivity of aldehydes has been the subject of considerable interest in chemical kinetics, with propanal often chosen as the representative species. Despite its relevance, the reactivity of propanal is currently estimated from analogy and fitting of experimental data measured in limited temperature and pressure ranges, while the few literature theoretical studies have focused more on the exploration the potential energy surface (PES) than on the estimation of rate constants. The purpose of this work is to reinvestigate the propanal decomposition kinetics using the ab initio transition state theory based master equation approach with the intent of: (1) Determining accurate rate constants of key reaction channels; (2) Updating and validating an existing kinetic model by simulating available experimental data on propanal pyrolysis. It is found that propanal decomposition at the initial stages of pyrolysis occurs through four unimolecular barrierless reactions to form CHO + C2H5, CH2CHO + CH3, CH3CHCHO + H, and CH3CH2CO + H, and a termolecular pathway leading to the formation of C2H4 + CO + H2. High pressure rate constants were determined for each barrierless reaction channel using Variable Reaction Coordinate Transition State Theory and used to estimate phenomenological temperature and pressure dependent channel specific rate constants integrating the 1 dimensional master equation over the whole PES. The decomposition rate constants so determined are in agreement with the few available experimental data and significantly faster than previous literature estimates. The estimated kinetic parameters were finally implemented into the CRECK kinetic mechanism, leading to an improved agreement with shock tube pyrolysis data from the literature.
Prognostic importance of mitosis quantification and PHH3 expression in oral epithelial dysplasia
Authors: Sathyamoorthy Hrishikesh , Mahmood Hanya , Zubir Amir Zaki Abdullah , Hankinson Paul , Khurram Syed Ali 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is diagnosed and graded using a range of histological features, making grading subjective and challenging. Mitotic counting and phosphohistone-H3 (PHH3) staining have been used for the prognostication of various malignancies; however, their importance in OED remains unexplored. This study conducts a quantitative analysis of mitotic activity in OED using both haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for PHH3. Specifically, the diagnostic and prognostic importance of mitotic number, mitotic type and intra-epithelial location is evaluated. Whole slide images (WSI) of OED (n = 60) and non-dysplastic tissue (n = 8) were prepared for analysis. Five-year follow-up data was collected. The total number of mitosis (TNOM), mitosis type and intra-epithelial location was manually evaluated on H&E images and a digital mitotic count performed on PHH3-stained WSI. Statistical associations between these features and OED grade, malignant transformation and OED recurrence were determined. Mitosis count increased with grade severity (H&E: p < 0.005; IHC: p < 0.05), and grade-based differences were seen for mitosis type and location (p < 0.05). The ratio of normal-to-abnormal mitoses was higher in OED (1.61) than control (1.25) and reduced with grade severity. TNOM, type and location were better predictors when combined with histological grading, with the most prognostic models demonstrating an AUROC of 0.81 for transformation and 0.78 for recurrence, exceeding conventional grading. Mitosis quantification and PHH3 staining can be an adjunct to conventional H&E assessment and grading for the prediction of OED prognosis. Validation on larger multicentre cohorts is needed to establish these findings.
PROILTM—A Valuable Implementation for Open Stream Practice. How a Mold Flux Dispersion May Improve This Process
Authors: Giacobbe Andrea , Alloni Marco , Carli Riccardo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe aim of this contribution is to provide an overview on results achieved by the application in the open continuous casting practice of a solid-liquid dispersion of a mold flux called PROIL™. The use of PROIL™ has delivered significant improvements in the process in terms of billet surface defects reduction, expanding casting grade capability, and sharp breakout depletion. Additional benefits have also been achieved in better billet square shape and reduced sparkling phenomena in the mold. These results have been confirmed in use by several customers, and hundreds of tons of this material have been consumed so far. Specific equipment has been engineered for delivering and dosing PROIL™.PROIL™ is a trademark registered by Prosimet spa.
Survivorship wellness: a multidisciplinary group program for cancer survivors
Authors: Siwik Chelsea J. , Jhaveri Kinnari , Cohen Jamie Alexis , Barulich Mikela , Chang Alison , Levin Anna O. , Goyal Neha G. , Melisko Michelle , Chesney Margaret A. , Shumay Dianne 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
National mandates require cancer centers provide comprehensive survivorship care. We created an 8-session, group intervention, the Survivorship Wellness Group Program (SWGP), that covered 8 topics: nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleep/fatigue, sexuality/body image, emotional wellbeing/fear of cancer recurrence, spirituality/meaning, and health promotion/goal setting. This study examined the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of SWGP.

Methods
We evaluated SWGP using questionnaire data collected at program entry and 15-week follow-up. Questionnaires assessed acceptability and impact on anxiety, depression, quality of life, and perceived knowledge of topics. Enrollees who consented to participate in research and completed the baseline and 15-week follow-up were included in the analysis (N = 53). We assessed acceptability and preliminary outcomes using paired-samples t-tests. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, SWGP transitioned to telehealth partway through data collection. Post-hoc analyses compared outcomes by intervention delivery.

Results
Participants completed an average of 7.44/8 classes. Participants reported a mean response of 3.42/4 regarding overall program satisfaction and 90.6% reported being “very likely” to recommend SWGP. SWGP was associated with decreases in anxiety and depression; increases in physical, emotional, functional, and overall quality of life; and increases in knowledge of all health behavior domains. No outcomes differed significantly between delivery in person versus telehealth.

Conclusions
SWGP offers an acceptable and replicable model for cancer centers to meet national survivorship care guidelines.

Implication for cancer survivors
SWGP provides a comprehensive service for cancer survivors post-treatment, and was associated with better quality of life, fewer mental health symptoms, and increased knowledge in multiple domains of wellness.
Mental Health Care Access Among Arab Immigrants in the United States: Application of Public Arena Model
Authors: Shaimaa Elrefaay , Bialous Stella 
Published: October 2023

AbstractArab immigrants constitute a sizable portion of the US population, and their adjustment and relocation challenges might escalate mental health issues. Nevertheless, mental health care accessibility among such populations is not recognized as policy issue. Hence, it is crucial to explore the political tools that might be employed to improve immigrants’ access to mental health treatment. The Public Arenas Model (Hilgartner and Bosk, American Journal of Sociology 94:53–78, 1988) provides better understanding of how access to mental health care is defined in the public sphere, why mental health inaccessibility among Arabs has not received attention, and how stakeholders worked to raise the public’s attention to such issue (Smith, Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice 10:134–142, 2009). Ultimately, several policy options are proposed to address Arab immigrants’ access to mental health care issue, including increasing mental health service providers’ language proficiency and cultural competency, integration of behavioral health and primary care services for immigrant populations, and considering novel modes of mental health delivery.
Using high-frequency monitoring data to quantify city-wide suspended-sediment load and evaluate TMDL goals
Authors: Miller Samuel A. , Webber James S. , Jastram John D. , Aguilar Marcus F. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract Excess sediment is a common reason water bodies in the USA become listed as impaired resulting in total maximum daily loads (TMDL) that require municipalities to invest millions of dollars annually on management practices aimed at reducing suspended-sediment loads (SSLs), yet monitoring data are rarely used to quantify SSLs and track TMDL progress. A monitoring network was created to quantify the SSL from the City of Roanoke, Virginia, USA (CoR), to the Roanoke River and Tinker Creek and help guide TMDL assessment and implementation. Suspended-sediment concentrations were estimated between 2020 and 2022 from high-frequency turbidity data using surrogate linear-regression models. Sixty-one percent of the total three-year SSL resulted from five large storm events. The average suspended-sediment yield from the CoR (58.1 metric tons/km2/year) was similar to other urban watersheds in the Eastern United States; however, the yield was nearly five times larger than the TMDL allocation (12.2 metric tons/km2/year). The TMDL allocated load was modeled based on a predominantly forested reference watershed and may not be a practical target for highly impervious watersheds within the CoR. The TMDL model used daily input data which likely does not capture the full range of SSLs during storm events, particularly from flashy urban streams. The average SSL following the five large storm events doubled that of the CoR’s annual allocated load from the TMDL. The results of this study highlight the importance of using high-frequency monitoring data to accurately estimate SSLs and evaluate TMDLs in urban areas.
Employers have a Duty of Beneficence to Design for Meaningful Work: A General Argument and Logistics Warehouses as a Case Study
Authors: Smids Jilles , Berkers Hannah , Le Blanc Pascale , Rispens Sonja , Nyholm Sven 
Published: October 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence-driven technology increasingly shapes work practices and, accordingly, employees’ opportunities for meaningful work (MW). In our paper, we identify five dimensions of MW: pursuing a purpose, social relationships, exercising skills and self-development, autonomy, self-esteem and recognition. Because MW is an important good, lacking opportunities for MW is a serious disadvantage. Therefore, we need to know to what extent employers have a duty to provide this good to their employees. We hold that employers have a duty of beneficence to design for opportunities for MW when implementing AI-technology in the workplace. We argue that this duty of beneficence is supported by the three major ethical theories, namely, Kantian ethics, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. We defend this duty against two objections, including the view that it is incompatible with the shareholder theory of the firm. We then employ the five dimensions of MW as our analytical lens to investigate how AI-based technological innovation in logistic warehouses has an impact, both positively and negatively, on MW, and illustrate that design for MW is feasible. We further support this practical feasibility with the help of insights from organizational psychology. We end by discussing how AI-based technology has an impact both on meaningful work (often seen as an aspirational goal) and decent work (generally seen as a matter of justice). Accordingly, ethical reflection on meaningful and decent work should become more integrated to do justice to how AI-technology inevitably shapes both simultaneously.
The Cantril Ladder as a Measure of Well-Being and Life Satisfaction Among Refugee Youth Experiencing Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress
Authors: Mohammed Salma Elmukashfi Eltahir , Warner Georgina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGiven the number of refugee youth whom require mental health support, there is a need to provide community-based interventions that can be easily scaled-up at a low cost. Yet, safety procedures associated with community-based intervention require careful consideration. The Cantril Ladder is a visual scale used to assess life satisfaction. It could be a useful tool to track the well-being of participants throughout an intervention. However, concerns have been raised about the validity of single-item life satisfaction measures and it is recommended they are tested when used in specific populations. This is particularly relevant to the refugee youth population who experience ongoing stress due to concern for family, friends, housing, and schooling and whose perceptions of life satisfaction may differ to the cohorts the Cantril Ladder has previously been tested with. The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of the Cantril Ladder as a measure of well-being and life satisfaction in refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms by exploring the relationship between how the youth scored on the Cantril Ladder with their scores on measures of depression and self-efficacy. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was applied to self-reported survey data in order to test how refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (n = 51) score on the Cantril Ladder compared with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE) scores. The mean Cantril Ladder score in the present sample was 5.33 (SD = 2.77). The PHQ-9 and GSE total scores together explained 19.1% of the variability in the Cantril Ladder score. The Cantril Ladder showed moderate concurrent validity with validated measures of depression and self-efficacy. These findings have important implications for intervention programs designed to support refugee youth experiencing post-traumatic stress, as the Cantril Ladder offers a promising way to track well-being throughout the program as part of a wider safety protocol procedure. Additional research is required to not only confirm these findings, but also to test the face validity of the Cantril Ladder for a more complete validation of life satisfaction.
Improving corneal nerve segmentation using tolerance Dice loss function
Authors: Colonna Alessia , Scarpa Fabio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn vivo confocal microscopy is a technique that allows to acquire images of the corneal layers in a rapid and noninvasive way. Analysis of sub-basal nerve allows obtaining important clinical information regarding the eye and the human body’s health. To obtain that information, it is necessary to correctly identify and trace the nerve fibers. Manual analysis is time-consuming and subjective. Numerous automatic algorithms have been proposed to overcome these problems, but none have been included in clinical practice yet. In this work, we take advantage of deep learning techniques. We present an analysis of the performances obtained through UNet (baseline) to which various architectural solutions have been added to boost performance. The variation of the tracing results is also analyzed according to the use of different loss functions, one of which is introduced here: It considers a tolerance margin (Dice with tolerance). The investigated configurations have been shown to be capable of improving the tracing of corneal nerve fibers. The model with attention modules and atrous-spatial pyramid pooling modules showed the greatest improvement compared to the baseline, increasing in the evaluation score from 86.51 to 90.21%. Furthermore, the proposed loss function further increases the results (achieving 92.44%).