bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized clinical trial of the effects of oral preoperative carbohydrates on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Hausel J , Nygren J , Thorell A , Lagerkranser M , Ljungqvist O 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBackgroundA carbohydrate-rich drink (CHO) has been shown to reduce preoperative discomfort. It was hypothesized that it may also reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).MethodsPatients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under inhalational anaesthesia (127 women and 45 men; mean(s.d.) 48(15) years) were randomized to either preoperative fasting, intake of CHO (50 kcal/100 ml, 290 mOsm/kg) or placebo. The non-fasting groups were double-blinded; patients ingested 800 ml of liquid on the evening before surgery and 400 ml 2 h before anaesthesia. Nausea and pain scores on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and episodes of PONV were recorded up to 24 h after surgery.ResultsThe incidence of PONV was lower in the CHO than in the fasted group between 12 and 24 h after surgery (P = 0·039). Nausea scores in the fasted and placebo groups were higher after operation than before admission to hospital (P = 0·018 and P &lt; 0·001 respectively), whereas there was no significant change in the CHO group. No intergroup differences in VAS scores were seen. The use of anaesthetics, opioids, antiemetics and intravenous fluids was similar in all groups.ConclusionCHO may have a beneficial effect on PONV 12–24 h after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Maternally and paternally silenced imprinted genes differ in their intron content
Authors: Fahey Marie E , Mills Walter , Higgins Desmond G , Moore Tom 
Published: February 2005

AbstractImprinted genes exhibit silencing of one of the parental alleles during embryonic development. In a previous study imprinted genes were found to have reduced intron content relative to a non‐imprinted control set (Hurst et al., ). However, due to the small sample size, it was not possible to analyse the source of this effect. Here, we re‐investigate this observation using larger datasets of imprinted and control (non‐imprinted) genes that allow us to consider mouse and human, and maternally and paternally silenced, imprinted genes separately. We find that, in the human and mouse, there is reduced intron content in the maternally silenced imprinted genes relative to a non‐imprinted control set. Among imprinted genes, a strong bias is also observed in the distribution of intronless genes, which are found exclusively in the maternally silenced dataset. The paternally silenced dataset in the human is not different to the control set; however, the mouse paternally silenced dataset has more introns than the control group. A direct comparison of mouse maternally and paternally silenced imprinted gene datasets shows that they differ significantly with respect to a variety of intron‐related parameters. We discuss a variety of possible explanations for our observations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the foundation of genomics: a Northern blot reference set for the comparative analysis of transcript profiling technologies
Authors: Kemmer Danielle , Faxén Margareta , Hodges Emily , Lim Jonathan , Herzog Elena , Ljungström Elsebrit , Lundmark Anders , Olsen Mary K. , Podowski Raf , Sonnhammer Erik L. L. , Nilsson Peter , Reimers Mark , Lenhard Boris , Roberds Steven L. , Wahlestedt Claes , Höög Christer , Agarwal Pankaj , Wasserman Wyeth W. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn this paper we aim to create a reference data collection of Northern blot results and demonstrate how such a collection can enable a quantitative comparison of modern expression profiling techniques, a central component of functional genomics studies. Historically, Northern blots were the de facto standard for determining RNA transcript levels. However, driven by the demand for analysis of large sets of genes in parallel, high‐throughput methods, such as microarrays, dominate modern profiling efforts. To facilitate assessment of these methods, in comparison to Northern blots, we created a database of published Northern results obtained with a standardized commercial multiple tissue blot (dbMTN). In order to demonstrate the utility of the dbMTN collection for technology comparison, we also generated expression profiles for genes across a set of human tissues, using multiple profiling techniques. No method produced profiles that were strongly correlated with the Northern blot data. The highest correlations to the Northern blot data were determined with microarrays for the subset of genes observed to be specifically expressed in a single tissue in the Northern analyses. The database and expression profiling data are available via the project website (http://www.cisreg.ca). We believe that emphasis on multi‐technique validation of expression profiles is justified, as the correlation results between platforms are not encouraging on the whole. Supplementary material for this article can be found at: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1531‐6912/suppmat Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SOM‐based class discovery exploring the ICA‐reduced features of microarray expression profiles
Authors: Dragomir Andrei , Mavroudi Seferina , Bezerianos Anastasios 
Published: February 2005

AbstractGene expression datasets are large and complex, having many variables and unknown internal structure. We apply independent component analysis (ICA) to derive a less redundant representation of the expression data. The decomposition produces components with minimal statistical dependence and reveals biologically relevant information. Consequently, to the transformed data, we apply cluster analysis (an important and popular analysis tool for obtaining an initial understanding of the data, usually employed for class discovery). The proposed self‐organizing map (SOM)‐based clustering algorithm automatically determines the number of ‘natural’ subgroups of the data, being aided at this task by the available prior knowledge of the functional categories of genes. An entropy criterion allows each gene to be assigned to multiple classes, which is closer to the biological representation. These features, however, are not achieved at the cost of the simplicity of the algorithm, since the map grows on a simple grid structure and the learning algorithm remains equal to Kohonen's one. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Xenophilic Complexes Bearing a TpR Ligand, [TpRMM′Ln] [TpR=Tp, Tp# (Tp); M=Ni, Co, Fe, Mn; M′Ln=Co(CO)4, Co(CO)3(PPh3), RuCp(CO)2]: The Two Metal Centers are Held Together not by Covalent Interaction but by Electrostatic Attraction
Authors: Uehara Kazuhiro , Hikichi Shiro , Inagaki Akiko , Akita Munetaka 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA series of dinuclear complexes, [TpRMM′Ln] [TpMCo(CO)4 (1; M=Ni, Co, Fe, Mn); Tp#MCo(CO)4 (1′; M=Ni, Co); Tp#NiRuCp(CO)2 (3′)] (Tp=hydrotris(3,5‐diisopropylpyrazolyl)borato; Tp# (Tp)=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐bromopyrazolyl)borato), has been prepared by treatment of the cationic complexes [TpM(NCMe)3]PF6 or the halo complexes [Tp#MX] with the appropriate metalates. Spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of 1–3′ reveals that the tetrahedral, high‐spin TpRM fragment and the coordinatively saturated carbonyl–metal fragment (M′Ln) are connected only by a metal–metal interaction and, thus, the dinuclear complexes belong to a unique class of xenophilic complexes. The metal–metal interaction in the xenophilic complexes is polarized, as revealed by their νCO vibrations and structural features, which fall between those of reference complexes: covalently bonded species [RM′Ln] and ionic species [M′Ln]−. Unrestricted DFT calculations for the model complexes [TpNiCo(CO)4], [TpNiCo(CO)3(PH3)], and [TpNiRuCp(CO)2] prove that the two metal centers are held together not by covalent interactions, but by electrostatic attractions. In other words, the obtained xenophilic complexes can be regarded as carbonylmetalates, in which the cationic counterpart interacts with the metal center rather than the oxygen atom of the carbonyl ligand. The xenophilic complexes show divergent reactivity dependent on the properties of donor molecules. Hard (N and O donors) and soft donors (P and C donors) attack the TpRM part and the MLn moiety, respectively. The selectivity has been interpreted in terms of the hard–soft theory, and the reactions of the high‐spin species 1–3′ with singlet donor molecules should involve a spin‐crossover process.
Double‐Helical Ultrastructure of Polycationic Dendronized Polymers Determined by Single‐Particle Cryo‐TEM
Authors: Böttcher Christoph , Schade Boris , Ecker Christof , Rabe Jürgen P. , Shu Lijin , Schlüter A. Dieter 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe ultrastructure of cationic dendronized polymers (denpols) of third and fourth generations (PG3 and PG4) in water was determined by using single‐particle cryo‐transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM). At concentrations in the region of 50 mg L−1, networks of double‐stranded fibers were revealed that exhibit well‐defined diameters of 5.9 nm±0.4 nm for PG3 and 7.4 nm±0.4 nm for PG4. The structure varies with progression along the fibers, and includes a double helix with a pitch of 7.0±0.4 nm for PG3 and 9.0±0.4 nm for PG4. The formation of the double strands is attributed to the hydrophobic effect and limited crowding in the dendron shell of the third and fourth generation denpols investigated. From solutions of lower concentrations (around 10 mg L−1), isolated molecular fibers were adsorbed onto high‐energy surfaces and examined by performing scanning force microscopy (SFM) on mica, and after staining, TEM on glow‐discharged carbon films. In both cases, characteristic undulations of single strands were observed, which are attributed largely to the adsorption process.
Preparation of murine B7.1‐glycosylphosphatidylinositol and transmembrane‐anchored staphylococcal enterotoxin
Authors: Yi Pingyong , Yu Hai , Ma Wenxue , Wang Qingqing , Minev Boris R. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors have previously reported a tumor cell vaccine modified with superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) and its antitumor effect. The tumor cell vaccines modified with multiple immune activators frequently elicited stronger immune responses against established tumors than single‐modified vaccines.METHODSThe authors explored the effectiveness of a tumor cell vaccine transduced with immune activators, dual‐modified using the protein transfer technique. First, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored murine B7.1 (mB7.1‐GPI) and a transmembrane‐anchored SEA (TM‐SEA) were genetically generated. Then, the murine lymphoma EL4 cells were dual modified with the incorporation of mB7.1‐GPI and TM‐SEA onto the cell surface. Flow cytometry and laser confocal microscopy showed that the incorporation of B7.1 and SEA molecules onto EL4 cells was quite stable.RESULTSThe dual‐modified tumor cell vaccine EL4/mB7.1‐GPI + TM‐SEA elicited significantly stronger antitumor immune responses both in vitro and in vivo when compared with the single‐modified tumor cell vaccines EL4/mB7.1‐GPI and EL4/TM‐SEA.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study validated the novel approach for preparing tumor cell vaccines modified with dual immune active molecules using the protein transfer technique, and supported the feasibility and effectiveness of the dual‐modified tumor cell vaccine. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Disturbed root development of permanent teeth after pediatric stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hölttä Päivi , Hovi Liisa , Saarinen‐Pihkala Ulla M. , Peltola Jaakko , Alaluusua Satu 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeficient dental root development has been reported after conventional pediatric anticancer therapy, but less information is available on stem cell transplantation (SCT) recipients.METHODSRoot‐crown (R/C) ratios of fully developed permanent teeth were assessed from panoramic radiographs of 52 SCT recipients, who were treated when they were age < 10 years. Using standard deviation scores (SDSs), the authors compared the R/C ratios to the corresponding tooth and gender‐specific values in a healthy population. The percentage of affected R/C ratios per individual was examined in a subgroup of 39 (SG39) patients with advanced tooth development. The effects of total body irradiation (TBI) and SCT age on the R/C ratios were studied in TBI and high‐dose chemotherapy (HDC = non‐TBI) groups and in 3 age groups (≤ 3.0 years, 3.1–5.0 years, ≥ 5.1 years).RESULTSPer individual, 77% of the fully developed permanent teeth were affected in SG39. At the tooth level, in 77% of the 945 teeth studied (52 patients), the R/C ratios were outside ±2 SDSs. More teeth were affected in the TBI (85%) than in the non‐TBI (55%) group (P < 0.001). The teeth of the patients who were ages 3.1–5.0 years old at SCT presented with the most severe aberrations of the R/C ratio (mean SDS = −4.4) whereas the teeth of the youngest (age ≤ 3.0 years) and the oldest (age ≥ 5.1 years) patients were equally affected (mean SDSs = −3.1 and −3.0, respectively).CONCLUSIONSDisturbances of dental root growth always followed pediatric SCT. HDC alone intensely harmed root growth but TBI further increased the adverse effects that were most extensive in the patients 3.1–5.0 years at SCT. These sequelae should be taken into account during the lifelong dental follow‐up to minimize the clinical consequences of dental injuries. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Support and optimization of Java RMI over a Bluetooth environment
Authors: Wei Pu‐Chen , Chen Chung‐Hsin , Chen Cheng‐Wei , Lee Jenq‐Kuen 
Published: February 2005

AbstractDistributed object‐oriented platforms are increasingly important over wireless environments for providing frameworks for collaborative computations and for managing a large pool of distributed resources. Due to limited bandwidths and heterogeneous architectures of wireless devices, studies are needed into supporting object‐oriented frameworks over heterogeneous wireless environments and optimizing system performance. In our research work, we are working towards efficiently supporting object‐oriented environments over heterogeneous wireless environments. In this paper, we report the issues and our research results related to the efficient support of Java RMI over a Bluetooth environment. In our work, we first implement support for Java RMI over Bluetooth protocol stacks, by incorporating a set of protocol stack layers for Bluetooth developed by us (which we call JavaBT) and by supporting the L2CAP layer with sockets that support the RMI socket. In addition, we model the cost for the access patterns of Java RMI communications. This cost model is used to guide the formation and optimizations of the scatternets of a Java RMI Bluetooth environment. In our approach, we employ the well‐known BTCP algorithm to observe initial configurations for the number of piconets. Using the communication‐access cost as a criterion, we then employ a spectral‐bisection method to cluster the nodes in a piconet and then use a bipartite matching scheme to form the scatternet. Experimental results with the prototypes of Java RMI support over a Bluetooth environment show that our scatternet‐formation algorithm incorporating an access‐cost model can further optimize the performances of such as system. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CSFS: a Java enabled network file storage system
Authors: Hua Han , Yafei Dai , Xiaoming Li 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe CSFS (cryptographic storage file system) is a network file storage system that is suitable for a small‐to‐medium sized networks such as a campus network. In a CSFS, a lot of distributed file servers are organized in a star‐liked architecture. File names are stored in a name server and file data are stored in distributed file servers. A CSFS has good scalability and is able to accommodate hundreds of file servers. We implemented a CSFS in pure Java and tested the system with a benchmark. The test results show that CSFS delivers acceptable performance for general file operations. Its performance of file upload and download is as efficient as FTP. It can support more than 450 concurrent online users. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generic programming for high‐performance scientific applications
Authors: Lee Lie‐Quan , Lumsdaine Andrew 
Published: February 2005

AbstractWe present case studies that apply generic programming to the development of high‐performance parallel code for solving two archetypal partial differential equations (PDEs). We examine the overall structure of the example scientific codes and consider their generic implementation. With a generic approach it is a straightforward matter to reuse software components from different sources; implementations with components from the Iterative Template Library (ITL), the Matrix Template Library (MTL), Blitz++, A++/P++, and Fortran BLAS are presented. Our newly developed Generic Message Passing library is used for communication. We compare the generic implementations with equivalent implementations developed with alternative libraries and languages and discuss performance as well as software engineering issues. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
7‐Ketocholesterol favors lipid accumulation and colocalizes with Nile Red positive cytoplasmic structures formed during 7‐ketocholesterol–induced apoptosis: Analysis by flow cytometry, FRET biphoton spectral imaging microscopy, and subcellular fractionation
Authors: Vejux Anne , Kahn Edmond , Dumas Dominique , Bessède Ginette , Ménétrier Franck , Athias Anne , Riedinger Jean‐Marc , Frouin Frédérique , Stoltz Jean‐François , Ogier‐Denis Eric , Todd‐Pokropek Andrew , Lizard Gérard 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBackgroundOxidized low‐density lipoproteins play key roles in atherosclerosis. Their toxicity is at least in part due to 7‐ketocholesterol (7KC), which is a potent inducer of apoptosis. In this study on human promonocytic U937 cells, we determined the effects and the interactions of 7KC with cellular lipids during 7KC‐induced apoptosis.MethodsMorphologic and functional changes were investigated by microscopic and flow cytometric methods after staining with propidium iodide, 3,3′‐dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide, and Hoechst 33342. Cellular lipid content was identified by using filipin to quantify free cholesterol and Nile Red (NR), which emit a yellow or orange‐red fluorescence in the presence of neutral and polar lipids, respectively. After staining with NR, interactions of 7KC with cellular lipids were identified by fluorescence resonance energy transfer biphoton spectral imaging confocal microscopy and by subcellular fractionation, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry.ResultsDuring 7KC‐induced apoptosis the fluorescence from filipin and the ratio of measured (orange‐red vs. yellow) fluorescence of NR were enhanced. Spectral analysis of images obtained in biphoton mode and resulting factor images demonstrated the occurrence of fluorescence resonance energy transfer between 7KC and NR and the subsequent colocalization of 7KC and NR. These data were in agreement with biochemical characterization and demonstrated that 7KC and neutral and polar lipids accumulate in NR‐stained cytoplasmic structures.ConclusionsDuring 7KC‐induced apoptosis, 7KC modifies the cellular content of neutral and polar lipids, favors free cholesterol accumulation, and colocalizes with neutral and polar lipids that are inside NR‐stained cytoplasmic structures. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmental expression of metalloproteases ADAM 9, 10, and 17 becomes restricted to divergent pancreatic compartments
Authors: Asayesh Amir , Alanentalo Tomas , Khoo Nelson K.S. , Ahlgren Ulf 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease (ADAM) family of metalloproteases affects a variety of proteins with important roles in development and disease, including growth factors and adhesion molecules. We have analyzed the expression patterns of ADAMs 9, 10, and 17 during pancreas ontogeny. All ADAMs investigated were expressed in the pancreatic anlagen but invariably became restricted to divergent pancreatic compartments. ADAM9 and 17 became restricted to the insulin‐producing β‐cells and all islet cells, respectively. During embryogenesis, ADAM10 was detected predominantly in acinar cells, but in the adult, it was localized to the cell surface membrane of both endocrine and exocrine cells. In addition to ADAM9, a potential prognostic factor for ductal cancers, we describe the expression of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the pancreatic ductal epithelium. Altogether, the dynamic expression profile of the ADAM proteases described here may reflect a functional divergence of these as mediators of pancreas biology. Developmental Dynamics 232:1105–1114, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioactivity of diopside ceramic in human parotid saliva
Authors: De Aza Piedad N. , Luklinska Zofia B. , Anseau Michel 
Published: February 2005

AbstractDiopside ceramic pellets with a nominal composition of 55.5 wt % SiO2‐25.9 wt % CaO‐18.0 wt % MgO were soaked in human parotid saliva (HPS) over different time intervals, to investigate the behavior of the material in a natural medium of high protein content. The results showed the formation of a hydroxyapatite (HA)‐like layer on the surface of the ceramic, and suggested that the mechanism of HA‐like layer formation in saliva was similar to that showed in vitro test by other silica‐based materials. The HA‐like layer formed at the interface was found to be compact, continuous, and composed of many small crystallites with ultrastructure similar to that of natural cortical bone and dentine. The study concluded that the high pH conditions (9.8) existing right at the ceramic/human parotid saliva interface promoted HA‐like phase precipitation. At this stage of the study, it is possible to suggest that the diopside ceramic could be of interest in specific periodontal applications for bone restorative purposes. Morphology, structure, and composition of the interfacial reaction product were examined by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy techniques (SEM and TEM), combined with Energy Dispersive X‐say Spectroscopy (EDS). Changes in ionic concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP‐AES), while the pH right at the interface of diopside/PHS were determined with an Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET‐Meter) instruments. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 73B: 54–60, 2005
Theoretical insights into the mechanism of acetylcholinesterase‐catalyzed acylation of acetylcholine
Authors: Manojkumar T. K. , Cui Chunzhi , Kim Kwang S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractAcylation of acetylcholine (ACh) catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been studied using high‐level theoretical calculations on a model system that mimics the reaction center of the enzyme, and compared with uncatalyzed acylation reaction. The geometries of all the intermediates and transition states, activation energies, and solvent effects have been calculated. The calculations predict simultaneous formation of two short‐strong hydrogen bonds (SSHB) in the rate‐determining transition state structures [the first SSHB involves the hydrogen atom of Ser‐200 (Hs) and another involves the hydrogen atom of His‐440 (Hh)]. In the intermediate states, the H‐bond corresponding to Hhinvolves SSHB, whereas the one corresponding to Hsdoes not. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 606–611, 2005