bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nitrogen fertilisation recommendations of West European Countries
Authors: Jordan‐Meille Lionel , Denoroy Pascal , Dittert Klaus , Cugnon Thibaut , Quemada Miguel , Wall David , Bechini Luca , Marx Simone , Oenema Oene , Reijneveld Arjan , Liebisch Frank , Diedhiou Khady , Degan Francesca , Higgins Suzanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrogen (N) budgets at farm level are influenced by N fertilisation recommendations. In this study, we reviewed and analysed the underlying principles and methods of N fertilisation recommendations in 10 West European countries, to identify similarities and differences, and develop suggestions for reconsideration and improvement. An analysis of national official documents on N fertilisation recommendations revealed that there were three main categories of calculation methods: (i) ‘N mass balances’ (France, Italy, Spain), (ii) ‘Corrected standards’ (Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Luxembourg), and (iii) ‘Pre‐parameterised calculations’, which rely on a soil N supply typology (United Kingdom, Ireland, Belgium). In total 16 variables were identified in the calculation methods. The more complex methods use 10 (Italy, France), while the simplest only rely on 3 (Luxembourg). The most common variables include the availability of N in manure, the N uptake by a crop, and the N released by crop residues. Few countries explicitly consider N losses to ground and surface waters or to the atmosphere in the calculation methods. In some countries, the N fertilisation recommendation has a voluntary status, and in other countries, a legal one (caps on maximum allowable N rates). We compared the N fertiliser recommendations for a wheat crop grown on a farm with livestock, and for a farm with a diverse arable crop rotation without livestock. Across the 10 countries, large differences in the N fertilisation calculation methods and resulting N recommendations existed for the two management scenarios, ranging from almost no fertilisation to 135 kg N ha−1, and from 111 to 210 kg N ha−1, respectively. The differences were not accounted for by the complexity of the equations used, but rather resulted from contrasting reference values for N availability in manure, N uptake by crop and N leaching. However, the study concluded that standardisation of the method to calculate N fertilisation recommendations is likely to be counterproductive as there are no objective reasons to favour one method more than the others. Nonetheless, improvements in N use efficiency are necessary. Farm scale mass balance, combined with parameters such as minimum residual soil mineral N test at harvest, was suggested as being an important consideration.
The effect of the programme based on Roy adaptation model on social media addiction, healthy lifestyle and self‐esteem of nursing students
Authors: Yaman Zeliha , Yılmaz Mualla 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Roy adaptation model‐based strengthening program (RAMBSP) applied to nursing students on social media addiction, healthy lifestyle behaviours and self‐esteem.MethodsOne hundred five nursing students studying at a nursing faculty of a university were included in this prospective, two‐armed (1:1), randomized controlled study. The study group (n:54) had 12 weeks of RAMBSP online group sessions. No intervention was made to the control group (n:51). The social media addiction level, which was the primary outcome of the study, was evaluated with the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and healthy lifestyle behaviours and self‐esteem, which were secondary outcomes, were evaluated with the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale II (HLBS‐II) and the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Inventory (REI). Students filled out BSMAS, HLBS‐II, and REI online via Google Forms before and after RAMBSP.FindingsAt the end of the programme, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of BSMAS scores of the students in the study group (p > 0.05); however, the difference was significant in terms of HLBS‐II and REI scores (p < 0.05). It was determined that the empowerment programme increased students' awareness of social media addiction.ConclusionIt is recommended to implement programmes that will increase students' awareness of social media addiction and its effects and to conduct new research that will cover large and different sample groups.Trial registrationIt was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov in March 2021 (NCT04820517).
Older infants' social learning behavior under uncertainty is modulated by the interaction of face and speech processing
Authors: Dillmann Julia , Evertz Judith , Krasotkina Anna , Clerc Olivier , Pascalis Olivier , Schwarzer Gudrun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe origin of face or language influences infants' perceptual processing and social learning behavior. However, it remains unclear how infants' social learning behavior is affected when both information are provided simultaneously. Hence, the current study investigated whether and how infants' social learning in terms of gaze following is influenced by face race and language origin of an interaction partner in an uncertain situation. Our sample consisted of 91 Caucasian infants from German speaking families. They were divided into 2 age groups: Younger infants were 5‐ to 8‐month‐old (n = 46) and the older infants 11‐ to 20‐month‐old (n = 45). We used a modified online version of the gaze following paradigm by Xiao and colleagues by varying face race (Caucasian, and Asian faces) and language (German and French) of a female actor. We recorded infants looking behavior via webcam and coded it offline. Our results revealed that older but not younger infants were biased to follow the gaze of own‐race adults speaking their native language. Our findings show that older infants are clearly influenced by adults' ethnicity and language in social learning situations of uncertainty.
Monitoring the quality of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus detection in molecular diagnostic laboratories in the Eastern Mediterranean Region during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Meredith Luke W. , Aboualy Mustafa , Ochola Rachel , Ozel Mehmet , Abubakar Abdinasir , Barakat Amal 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic placed unprecedented stress on laboratories in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Building on existing capacity for influenza diagnostics, countries introduced COVID‐19 diagnostic support to ~100% regional coverage. A key challenge during the expansion was maintaining quality testing in laboratories, ensuring that correct results were shared with medical facilities.MethodsWHO organized two rounds of independently monitored severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) external quality assurance programs (EQAP). The Public Health Laboratory (PHL) division of WHO supplied external quality assurance (EQA) panels, from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programme (RCPAQAP) Australia to laboratories not enrolled in recurring Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) quality assurance programs, in which national influenza centers routinely participate.ResultsFifteen and 14 countries participated in PHL/EQAP for SARS‐CoV‐2 between 2020 and 2022. Concordance was consistent between rounds, reaching 96.4% and 89.9%. A separate assessment of GISRS/EQAP to national‐level laboratories identified high levels of response and concordance for SARS‐CoV‐2 (100% response, 93% concordance), which was reduced for influenza (50% response rate, 80% concordance), reflecting the challenge of prioritizing pathogens during outbreaks.ConclusionThe proliferation of laboratories in response to COVID‐19 was a success story from the pandemic. However, monitoring the quality of laboratories was challenging via existing EQAP. The addition of PHL/EQAP provided a mechanism to monitor performance of laboratories that were not designated as national influenza centers. While a high proportion of laboratories attained good results, continual emphasis on quality and enrollment in EQAP is key to ensuring sustainability of laboratory testing in future.
Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
Authors: Belcik John T. , Ashley Mary V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFreshwater darters belonging to the orangethroat darter species complex, or Ceasia, are widely distributed in the Central and Southern United States, with ranges that span both glaciated and unglaciated regions. Up to 15 species have been recognized in the complex, with one, Etheostoma spectabile, having a widespread northern distribution and another, Etheostoma pulchellum, having a sizeable southern distribution. The other species in the complex have much more restricted distributions in unglaciated regions of the Central Highlands. We sampled 384 darters from 52 sites covering much of the range of Ceasia and evaluated patterns of genetic diversity, genetic structure, and pre‐ and post‐glacial patterns of range contraction and expansion. We anticipated finding much stronger signals of genetic differentiation and diversification in unglaciated regions, given the higher species diversity and levels of endemism reported there. Surprisingly, microsatellite genotyping revealed two well‐differentiated genetic clusters of E. spectabile in samples from glaciated regions, one confined to the Illinois River basin and another found in the Wabash drainage and Great Lakes tributaries. This suggests that there was expansion from two isolated glacial refugia, with little subsequent post‐glacial gene flow. Fish collected from throughout the unglaciated region were less genetically differentiated. Fish assigned to Etheostoma burri and Etheostoma uniporum based on collection sites and morphological characters were not genetically differentiated from E. spectabile samples from the region. Hybridization and introgression occurring in the Central Highlands may confound genetic delineation of species in this region of high endemism and diversity.
Investigating thermal denaturation kinetics of 7S and 11S proteins and lipoxygenase in soymilk through ohmic heating
Authors: Murakami Kazuya , Matsuno Masayuki , Shimoyamada Makoto 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate denaturation kinetics of 7S and 11S proteins as well as lipoxygenase in soymilk during ohmic heating treatment. Because denaturation kinetics of 7S and 11S are nth‐order reaction, a reaction order was estimated based on experimental data and simulation results using Arrhenius parameters calculated through differential scanning calorimetry dynamic method. Denaturation kinetic of lipoxygenase was determined by denaturation ratio which estimated based on oxygenase activity of its after ohmic heating treatment at 65, 70, and 72.5°C. The reaction orders of 7S and 11S proteins during ohmic heating of raw soymilk were determined as 3.25 and 1.52, respectively; while the reaction order of 11S protein in preheated soymilk at 75°C for 1 h was found to be 1.94 with a good correlation between experimental data and simulation result. Electrophoresis results indicated that trypsin inhibitor might affect the denaturation of 11S protein during ohmic heating. The denaturation of lipoxygenase during ohmic heating followed a first‐order reaction at all temperatures, and denaturation simulation using the Arrhenius parameters corresponded well with the experimental data.Practical ApplicationsThis study provides valuable insights into improving a quality of soymilk products. 7S and 11S proteins play a critical role in determining viscosity of soymilk and tofu made from soymilk, which together account for a large proportion of the total proteins in soymilk. Understanding the thermal denaturation kinetics of 7S and 11S proteins can help food manufacturers optimize their processing parameters to achieve the desired physical properties of soymilk. Moreover, lipoxygenase is responsible for producing beany flavor components in soymilk, and understanding its thermal denaturation kinetic can lead to production of soymilk with high consumer acceptance. Our research supports a practical application of ohmic heating technology in the processing of soymilk.
Strigolactone deficiency induces jasmonate, sugar and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation enhancing rice defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Lahari Zobaida , van Boerdonk Sarah , Omoboye Olumide Owolabi , Reichelt Michael , Höfte Monica , Gershenzon Jonathan , Gheysen Godelieve , Ullah Chhana 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid‐derived phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. While root‐secreted SLs are well‐known to facilitate plant symbiosis with beneficial microbes, the role of SLs in plant interactions with pathogenic microbes remains largely unexplored.
Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae).
We found that SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild‐type (WT) plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae. Strigolactone deficiency also resulted in a higher accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves. Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly. The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl‐l‐isoleucine, and the coi1‐18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars. However, when WT seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased, suggesting a reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugars. Finally, we showed that functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae.
We conclude that a reduction in rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation.
The IAA17.1/HSFA5a module enhances salt tolerance in Populus tomentosa by regulating flavonol biosynthesis and ROS levels in lateral roots
Authors: Song Qin , He Fu , Kong Lingfei , Yang Jiarui , Wang Xiaojing , Zhao Zhengjie , Zhang Yuqian , Xu Changzheng , Fan Chunfen , Luo Keming 
Published: November 2023

Summary
Auxin signaling provides a promising approach to controlling root system architecture and improving stress tolerance in plants. However, how the auxin signaling is transducted in this process remains unclear.
The Aux indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) repressor IAA17.1 is stabilized by salinity, and primarily expressed in the lateral root (LR) primordia and tips in poplar. Overexpression of the auxin‐resistant form of IAA17.1 (IAA17.1m) led to growth inhibition of LRs, markedly reduced salt tolerance, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and decreased flavonol content. We further identified that IAA17.1 can interact with the heat shock protein HSFA5a, which was highly expressed in roots and induced by salt stress. Overexpression of HSFA5a significantly increased flavonol content, reduced ROS accumulation, enhanced LR growth and salt tolerance in transgenic poplar. Moreover, HSFA5a could rescue the defective phenotypes caused by IAA17.1m.
Expression analysis showed that genes associated with flavonol biosynthesis were altered in IAA17.1m‐ and HAFA5a‐overexpressing plants. Furthermore, we identified that HSFA5a directly activated the expression of key enzyme genes in the flavonol biosynthesis pathway, while IAA17.1 suppressed HSFA5a‐mediated activation of these genes.
Collectively, the IAA17.1/HSFA5a module regulates flavonol biosynthesis, controls ROS accumulation, thereby modulating the root system of poplar to adapt to salt stress.
Fungal metabolism and free amino acid content may predict nitrogen transfer to the host plant in the ectomycorrhizal relationship between Pisolithus spp. and Eucalyptus grandis
Authors: Plett Krista L. , Wojtalewicz Dominika , Anderson Ian C. , Plett Jonathan M. 
Published: November 2023

Summary

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are crucial for tree nitrogen (N) nutrition; however, mechanisms governing N transfer from fungal tissues to the host plant are not well understood. ECM fungal isolates, even from the same species, vary considerably in their ability to support tree N nutrition, resulting in a range of often unpredictable symbiotic outcomes.

In this study, we used isotopic labelling to quantify the transfer of N to the plant host by isolates from the ECM genus Pisolithus, known to have significant variability in colonisation and transfer of nutrients to a host.

We considered the metabolic fate of N acquired by the fungi and found that the percentage of plant N acquired through symbiosis significantly correlated to the concentration of free amino acids in ECM extra‐radical mycelium. Transcriptomic analyses complemented these findings with isolates having high amino acid content and N transfer showing increased expression of genes related to amino acid transport and catabolic pathways.

These results suggest that fungal N metabolism impacts N transfer to the host plant in this interaction and that relative N transfer may be possible to predict through basic biochemical analyses.
A unique location of the accessory pathway in a child with permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia
Authors: Vijay Soorampally , Bansal Raghav , Kidambi Bharath Raj , Naik Nitish 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPermanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) is a rare supra ventricular tachycardia (SVT) due to an accessory pathway (AP), characterized by slow and decremental retrograde conduction, which is predominantly seen in infants and children. Although the typical site of AP in PJRT is a right posteroseptal region around or just within the coronary sinus (CS), atypical sites of AP have been described. We report a rare case of PJRT in a 7‐year‐old girl with an AP located in the superio‐paraseptal (Para‐Hsian) region that was successfully ablated through a non‐coronary sinus.
Maximizing signal‐to‐noise ratio and statistical power in ERP measurement: Single sites versus multi‐site average clusters
Authors: Zhang Wendy , Kappenman Emily S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOne important decision in every event‐related potential (ERP) experiment is which electrode site(s) to use in quantifying the ERP component of interest. A common approach is to measure the ERP from a single electrode site, typically the site where the ERP component is largest. Alternatively, two or more electrode sites in a given spatial region are averaged together, and the ERP is measured from the resulting multi‐site cluster. The goal of the present study was to systematically compare these two measurement approaches across a range of outcome measures and ERP components to determine whether measuring from a single electrode site or an average of multiple sites yields consistently better results. We examined seven common ERP components from the open‐source ERP CORE dataset that span a range of neurocognitive processes: N170, mismatch negativity (MMN), N2pc, N400, P3, lateralized readiness potential (LRP), and error‐related negativity (ERN). For each component, we compared ERP amplitude, noise level, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and effect size at two single electrode sites and four multi‐site clusters. We also used a Monte Carlo approach to simulate within‐participant and between‐groups experiments with known effect magnitudes to compare statistical power at single sites and multi‐site clusters. Overall, measuring from a multi‐site cluster produced results that were as good as or better than measuring from a single electrode site across analyses and components, indicating that the cluster‐based measurement approach may be beneficial in quantifying ERPs from a range of neurocognitive domains.
Bovine congenital defects recorded by veterinary practitioners
Authors: Mee J. F. , Murphy D. , Curran M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA mobile phone app was used by 59 veterinary practitioners to collect case histories and images of 191 cattle with congenital defects distributed nationally over a 3‐year period. The majority of cases were recorded during the spring calving season (57.6%) in pluriparous dairy dams. The majority of calves were recorded at birth or within the first week (66.5%) in singletons born at full‐term. On the majority of farms (75.9%), this was the only congenitally deformed bovine recorded up to that point in the year and on the majority of farms, there were no congenitally deformed cattle recorded in the previous 5 years. The majority of congenital defects (83.5%) were recorded in the musculoskeletal or digestive systems. The three most commonly recorded individual defects were intestinal atresia (24.1%), schistosomus reflexus (20.4%) and ankylosis (6.8%); multiple defects were recorded in 13.1% of cases. These findings highlight the relatively high prevalence of intestinal atresia and schistosomus reflexus in calves attended by veterinary practitioners, which warrants implementation of preventive measures. The project highlights the potential benefits of veterinary‐practitioner apps to detect changing trends in endemic, or the emergence of novel, congenital or other conditions.
The effect of crime on mental health in South Africa
Authors: Tsaneva Magda , LaPlante Lauren‐Kate 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of district‐level crime rates in South Africa on individual depression symptoms. We use panel data from the National Income Dynamics Survey collected between 2008 and 2014 and estimate an individual fixed effects regression model, thus controlling for characteristics of the individual's environment that could affect crime and mental health. We find that an increase of one standard deviation in property (violent) crime is associated with a 7.2 (8.7) percentage point increase in the probability of depression symptoms. Analysis of potential mechanisms suggests that indirect exposure to crime likely affects mental health by increasing stress rather than by changing physical health or labor market outcomes.
Migrant agricultural workers in search of a dignified life: Labour conditions as a source of vulnerability in Spain
Authors: Navarro‐Gambín Pedro , Jansen Kees 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study analyses the dynamics of agency and social vulnerability of international migrant agricultural workers in intensive agriculture in Murcia (South‐East Spain). It engages with the work of a group of scholars who analysed the emergence and reproduction of Murcia as an intensive agricultural enclave by taking an expanded vision of social reproduction, which includes a subjective and contextual dimension in the definition of what constitutes a ‘dignified life’. Based on a qualitative study of the life stories of foreign migrant agricultural workers and ex‐workers in Murcia, two main arguments are developed. Firstly, the idea of migrant workers’ agency as intrinsically positive is evaluated as problematic. Secondly, agricultural labour conditions should be conceptualized as an independent social vulnerability driver. These findings contribute to the existing literature on migrant agricultural labour in Europe's intensive agriculture by pointing at migrants’ exploitative and undesired labour market position rather than just at their suffered citizenship inequalities.