bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turning Point
Authors: Furman C Sue 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With some thirteen million women now between the ages of forty-five and fifty-four, menopause has become a major health issue, and the demand for information on this once taboo topic has increased dramatically. But while researchers are beginning to unravel the biological mysteries surrounding menopause, and discover new and effective treatments for many of the symptoms, their findings often remain buried in medical journals, leaving women outside the medical and scientific communities with many unanswered questions. Now, in Turning Point, biologist Sue Furman has combed the scientific literature to share this information with those who want and need it most--women who are now, or will one day be, experiencing menopause. The first book to explain the biology of menopause in clear, everyday terms, Turning Point offers women an intelligent portrait of what happens to the body during menopause and reveals what they can do to make this time less distressing. It will allow them to question physicians with authority, understand their answers, and take a more active role in treatment. Furman begins with a lively overview of "the chemistry of love," covering everything from estrogen and testosterone, to pheromones, PEA, and oxytocin, and treating readers to many fascinating sidelights, such as the fact that testosterone levels in both men and women reach an annual high in October. She then shows how estrogen plays a pivotal role in the physiology and behavior of women throughout their lives--in fact, it influences some 300 bodily functions--and how the drop in estrogen production during menopause can profoundly influence a woman's mental and physical state. The book examines the myriad symptoms that can accompany menopause--hot flashes, night sweats, palpitations, mood swings, fuzzy vision, migraine headaches, incontinence, bladder infections, and thinning scalp hair among others. Readers will learn what they can expect if these symptoms appear, exactly what is happening to make them feel the way they do, and what measures they might take to alleviate any discomfort. In particular, Furman discusses the pros and cons of hormone replacement therapy, showing that the uterine cancer scare involving HRT was unfounded, and providing women with the information they need to make an informed decision regarding treatment. Furman also sorts out the confusing data on osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease, and offers women sensible advice on nutrition, exercise, and smoking. By debunking the many myths and fears surrounding menopause, and by providing women with easy-to-grasp, reliable information, Turning Point helps women retain the peace of mind--and sense of humor--that can make menopause a healthy experience and allow women to move confidently into the second half of life.
Quam Dilecta
Authors: Inwagen Peter van 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Three of my grandparents were unchurched Protestants, and one (my father’s mother) was a devout Roman Catholic. As a consequence, my mother was, and is, not much of a churchgoer, and my father was a lapsed Catholic with pretty strong feelings on the subject—han enthusiastic reader of Paul Blanshard and similar authors. When I was seven, my parents briefly sent me to a Presbyterian Sunday school. Our lessons were from a little textbook with the excellent title The King Nobody Wanted, which I still occasionally come across in secondhand bookshops. I recall learning that we Christians believed that Jesus was the Messiah and that the Jews did not. (I remember wishing that I could have a chance to tell the Jews about Jesus;
Truth, Humility, And Philosophers
Authors: Schlesinger George N 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I shall attempt to recount-with an imprecise description at best-the transition from an intensely religious community to a radically differently motivted community consisting of mainly secular philosophers. I shall try to outline the contrast between a community devoted to the study of the vast sacred literature, composed of students in the Talmudic academies, bent on fulfilling the verse “This book of law shall not depart out of your mouth, but thou shalt meditate it day and night” (Joshua 1:8), a community I once belonged to, and the fundamentally different kind of community, consisting of relatively free-thinking academics.
The Drama in the Text
Authors: Brater Enoch 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Drama in the Text argues that Beckett’s late fiction, like his radio plays, demands to be read aloud, since much of the emotional meaning lodges in its tonality. In Beckett’s haunting prose work the reader turns listener, collaborating with the sound of words to elucidate meaning from the silence of the universe. Enoch Brater ranges across all of Beckett’s work, quoting from it liberally, and makes connections mainly with other writers, but also with details drawn from the entire Western cultural heritage. Brater serves as an authoritative and persuasive guide to the rich texture of such a difficult but compelling vocabulary, providing recognition, insight, and accessibility.
Acalculia
Authors: Benson D Frank , Ardila Alfredo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Calculation, defined here as the operation of mathematical computation, demands a complex set of cognitive operations. Calculation originated as a form of counting but has developed into many different levels of number performance that resemble but can be distinguished from other cognitive activities (Klein and Starkey, 1987).
Global quantification, or numerosity perception, refers to the rough discrimination made between sets of different numbers of objects (Davis, Albert, and Bar ron, 1985). Global quantification does not represent a truly numerical process, however, because there is no one-to-one correspondence between the proposed number and the actual count.
Enumeration can be considered the most elementary type of numerical knowledge (Klein and Starkey, 1987). Correspondence construction is a form of enumera tion in which the approximate number of objects in a set is identified for comparison with the number of objects in other collections. It implies but does not provide an exact one-to-one correspondence. Counting is a more sophisticated form of enumeration; a unique number-name is paired with each object in a col lection, and the final number-name used represents the total for the entire collection. Arithmetic is an advanced numerical system that involves number permutability (e.g., adding, subtracting).
Dennett: Consciousness Dissolved
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The deepest division among writers on the mind and the brain falls between reductionists and antireductionists: between those who think mental phenomena can someday be fully accounted for by the resources of physical science, and those who think that mental phenomena are so radically different from everything else that a comparably radical expansion of the forms of scientific understanding is required to explain how they arise from the physical operation of the brain.
O’Shaughnessy: The Will
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A good philosopher must find his obsession, and it will drive him for the rest of his life. Brian O’Shaughnessy’s obsession has been with the most intimate of those relations in which the self stands to the physical or “external” world: its relation to that part of the physical world that it can move directly and of which it has immediate awareness—the body.
Williams: Resisting Ethical Theory
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This highly absorbing book is an attack on the possibility of ethical theory as a philosophical discipline. Its central thesis is that the view sub specie aeternitatis, though an appropriate vantage point from which to seek an understanding of the natural world, is entirely inappropriate as the standpoint from which to construct our world, the world in which we must live. Since the question of how we should live in relation to one another is the defining question of ethics, it follows that the characteristic ambition of ethical theory—to discover universal, objective moral principles—cannot be realized. That is not because there are no ethical truths but because truth in this realm is neither universal, nor objective, nor based on reason. It is only another philosophers’ delusion that without a philosophical foundation ethical thought is impossible.
Schelling: The Price of Life
Authors: Nagel Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A central subject of economics is human motivation in the aggregate: how the decisions, rational or irrational, of millions of people combine to produce large-scale results. It relies on an understanding of the way in which each individual’s decisions are affected by the perception of the motivations of others whose interests may conflict or overlap with his. Game theory studies the rational principles of such interaction.
Dick Clark’s Bandstand
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bob Horn was not happy to see sixteen—year—old Dolores Farmer appear at his table as he dined at his favorite Germantown cafein north Philadelphia one evening in 1956.1 Horn was at the restaurant on business, and so, apparently, was Miss Farmer (not her real name). Horn later claimed that Farmer asked him for $1,000, which she needed in order to extricate herself from some “unspecified trouble.“ Horn and Farmer had known each other for some two years, with the true nature of their relationship most likely positioned somewhere between the two widely divergent tales they would tell in 1957. A tiny brunette who looked older than her years, Farmer claimed to have been a member of Paul Whiteman’s TV—Teen Club before she became a regular visitor to WFIL—TV’s studios in 1952. She alleged that one week after she met Horn at WFIL’s studios sometime during the summer of 1953, he drove her to a local apartment where the couple engaged in a “discussion” she would not elaborate on. The teenager further maintained that she and Horn, a married man with three young daughters and an adolescent stepson, began having sexual relations that November—when she was just thirteen years old—after which they saw each other once or twice a week until the end of 1955, having “improper relations on nearly every occasion.”3
Philadelphia, U.S.A.
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Dick Clark’s graduation from Syracuse University ensured him not only of a business degree, but also of what he described as a “sound“ business education.1 After having the exploitable position of American Bandstand host bestowed upon him, Clark discovered, as had Bob Horn, that the opportunity to make money—lots of it—came with the territory.Bernie Lowe had helped Clark to see the future, and now the future was at hand. During the time when “Butterfly“ was still soaring high on the charts, Clark had invested $1,000 to form Click Corporation in order to handle his song publishing and record hop revenues. Then, in May 1957, he paid $125 for a quarter interest in a failed record company called Jamie Records that, having issued a string of flops in 1956, was $400 in the red. What would become of Jamie, a subsidiary of Philadelphia’s Universal Record Distributors, was anybody’s guess, but whatever it amounted to, Clark would be entitled to 25 percent.2
A Television Personality
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before Dick Clark’s Saturday night show catapulted him to another level of stardom, his TV niche was thought by many to consist oflittle more than bantering with teenagers and playing rock ‘n’ roll music on daytime television. But just as American Bandstand demonstrated that Clark possessed more than provincial allure, The Dick Clark Show proved that his constituency consisted of more than housewives and acne—fearing teenagers. It also rendered ABC’s budding TV personality an entertainment force to be reckoned with. Just months after the inception of his Saturday night show Clark was the center of an extensive media blitz that included a favorable profile in the conservative New York Times (which was a first for a proponent of the scandalous rock ‘n’ roll music), feature articles in at least three national adult magazines, a five—part series in the Philadelphia Daily News (“Philadelphia’s Pied Piper“), and a nationally televised interview at his home by Edward R. Murrow. In addition, Clark made nearly a dozen appearances on other national TV shows, and Walter Annenberg’s TV Guide splashed the Bandstand host’s face across its cover (the first of many of that publication’s cover stories about him), touting Clark as the “Nation’s No. 1 rock ‘n’ roll salesman.
The Past as Prologue
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an effort tobolster the payola investigation of the Philadelphia Police Department, First Assistant D.A. Paul Chalfin and city detective Emil Bucceroni journeyed to Washington in May 1960, to meet with the Harris subcommittee, the FCC, and the FTC. After it received what Bucceroni described as “a lot of information“ from Washington, the D.A.’s office issued thirty—nine summonses for alleged payola violations. Among those summoned were Chips Distributing and Jamie Records, whose officers—and perhaps the corporations themselves—would be subject to prosecution should the alleged violations be proven true. Whether it was appreciable foresight or simply a stroke of good fortune, Dick Clark—who had been a corporate officer in all of the other music—related companies he was involved withwas not an officer of either Chips or Jamie, and thus would not be subject to the D.A.’s investigation. (Chalfin confirmed in 1993 that Clark’s name was never on the Philadelphia D.A.’s list of payola suspects, and as far as he knew, Clark (4was not involved” in the investigation.)
Where the Action Is
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
By 1964, a watershed year distinguished by racial conflict, social unrest and an increasingly unpopular war in southeast Asia, America had already embarked upon an era of civil strife and cultural upheaval that was to have a profound effect on the country’s society, including its popular music. American Bandstand lay directly in that path of change. Vietnam was not yet a factor in the lives of most Americans, but U.S. troop strength in southeast Asia, as well as casualties, began to rise dramatically as the country’s role in that conflict changed from an advisory capacity to one of direct combat.
America’s Oldest Living Teenager
Authors: Jackson John A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Age of Aquarius may have taken hold in the world of popular music by the time the 1970s began, but the new decade was otherwise permeated by a mood of darkness and divisiveness. As the war in southeast Asia continued to drag on, so did domestic unrest, particularly on college campusus. President Nixon and his administration, now virtually at war with the demonstrators, invoked the support of “the great silent majority“ to counterbalance the protesters, but an antiwar demonstration that spring at Kent State University in Ohio ended with National Guardsmen firing their rifles into a crowd of student demonstrators, killing four of them and serving to further fan the flames of the antiwar effort. Moreover, as unemployment increased almost twofold from 1969 to 1970, and the buying power of the dollar continued to decline, a sense of hopelessness and apathy overcame much of Americas youth. The deaths of rockers Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Jim Morrison within a year’s time only served to deepen this languid mood.
The Scars Of Evolution
Authors: Morgan Elaine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Elaine Morgan wrote The Descent of Woman in 1972, it sent shock waves around the world, and is now widely regarded as a key work on human evolution, and essential to any discussion of women's place in society. Now, with The Scars of Evolution, Morgan offers a pioneering look just where it was our earliest ancestors came from, and the legacy--not always advantageous--that they left us. As she sets out to solve one of the enduring riddles of our origins--to discover the evolutionary path that separated us from the rest of the animals--Morgan shows that many of the theories currently accepted by scientists cannot explain our unique features: they leave too many questions unanswered. Millions of years ago, something happened to our ape ancestors that did not happen to the forebears of gorillas and chimpanzees, something that made them walk on two legs, lose their fur, sweat, develop larger brains, and learn to speak. While scientists have visited many a dig and studied many a fossil for clues, Elaine Morgan argues that all of the facts about our mysterious origins are right in front of us--in the form of fundamental flaws in the human design. Our propensity to suffer from lower back pain, obesity, varicose veins, acne, even infant death syndrome, is essentially the result of a cataclysmic event in our distant past. Scientists have long observed that our spines were not made for upright walking. Yet natural selection--the basic tenet of evolutionary theory--dictates that enduring changes to a species occur because of the need to adapt to changes in the environment. While thousands of working hours are lost each year to "bad backs," at some point long ago it must have been an advantage to walk on two legs. The most common theory is that we became bipedal while hunting on the African savannah, needing our arms free for weapons, using an upright stance to see enemies from afar. But as Morgan points out, animals need more speed on the savannah, both for pursuit and flight, than two legs can offer. Her explanation: bipedalism emerged from life in an aquatic environment due to the flooding of the African rift valley millennia ago. The apes that suddenly found themselves stranded in swamp land (a swamp that remained for thousands of years) had to walk upright to keep from drowning. The human tendency toward obesity was once not an unsightly health problem, but rather a lifesaving form of insulation, one present in all aquatic mammals. And as Morgan carefully considers all of our other uniquely human traits--our relative hairlessness, our ability to control our breathing, our inability to maintain proper salt levels--a compelling case emerges for our human origins in a watery environment. Lively, controversial, and presented with a brilliant logic, The Scars of Evolution will change the way you think about the world--and our place in it.
Structure and Dynamics of Neutral and Charged Polymer Solutions: Effects of Long-Range Interactions
Authors: Dünweg Burkhard , Stevens Mark , Kremer Kurt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The physics of polymer solutions has been subject to vast development over the last 20 years. The introduction of the scaling concept by DeGennes marked the beginning of a new era of polymer theory. In contrast to the earlier mean field methods, the scaling theory allowed one to successfully treat the spacially short-ranged interactions which are mediated by a long range chemical interaction, the backbone of the chain.
Molecular Dynamics of Glassy Polymers
Authors: Clarke Julian H R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Over the past fifty years or so there has built up a considerable understanding of polymer behavior based on the use of highly simplified models; other chapters in this book exemplify recent progress made in this area. So why bother with this atomistic modeling? The reason is that there is an important limitation of the simplified (sometimes referred to as “coarse-grain”) models in that they do not provide a direct connection between monomer level structure and bulk properties. Atomistic level simulations offer new opportunities for making such predictions ab initio. Using only a knowledge of interatomic forces together with the assumptions of classical mechanics it is possible, at least in principle, to give a complete atomic-level description of a polymer system. The emergence of these modeling studies is particularly timely in view of very recent developments in experimental techniques for detailed investigation of polymer dynamics, such as multidimensional NMR and inelastic neutron scattering.
Monte Carlo Studies of Polymer Blends and Block Copolymer Thermodynamics
Authors: Binder Kurt 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For mixtures of simple fluids, it is now possible to simulate phase behavior taking into account full atomistic detail with chemically realistic forces. Apart from the region near a critical point, it suffices to simulate small boxes containing atoms or molecules in the order of 10 in the respective Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics methods—both of them methods which have been well developed.
A Crisis of Meaning
Authors: Schwartzberg Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In June 1981, the weekly newsletter of the Centers for Disease Control noted an unusual medical occurrence. In the previous six months, five young gay men in Los Angeles had all been diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)—a rare disease, virtually unseen in young American men. Two had died. The blurb ran on the newsletter’s second page, followed by a long article on alcohol consumption in Utah.
Nothing akin to the Los Angeles oddity was mentioned again for several weeks. But slowly, new and equally puzzling reports dribbled in. From New York City: twenty cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rare skin cancer, usually found in elderly men of Mediterranean descent. From Los Angeles: six more cases of Kaposi’s, and a few new ones of PCP. From San Francisco: Kaposi’s sarcoma, PCP, and a smattering of other unusual maladies. Within one year, the CDC accumulated over 350 of these increasingly alarming reports. Six months later the number topped 1,000—almost all fatal, almost all among otherwise healthy gay men. Unnamed, mysterious, and unlike anything previously seen, the impossible seemed to be happening. An awful and fierce epidemic was taking shape.
Impassivity: Minimizing the Trauma
Authors: Schwartzberg Steven 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For some men, HIV has neither transformed how they understand the world and themselves, nor robbed them of a once-viable framework and left them with nothing. It has not shaken their world to the core. They have not renounced old patterns, changed their relationships, or joined new groups. No hoopla, drama, despair, or conversion-type experience. These men say that HIV has had only minimal impact on their self-concepts or worldview, and the evidence of their lives supports this. For these men, HIV simply seems not to be that big a deal.
In the style of adaptation to HIV I call Impassivity, the profound and earth-shattering fact of HIV infection seems — well, not so profound or earth-shattering. Ron and Victor (described in Rupture) each bemoaned how AIDS had “changed everything:” Men with styles of Transformation and Camouflage speak similarly of AIDS’ massive impact. In contrast, some men are more apt to believe that AIDS has changed nothing, or only very little. Life is still life, the world is still the world, I am still myself. Their attitude seems to be, more than all else, one of surprising indifference.