bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering a new group of T Tauri stars in the Taurus-Auriga molecular complex from Gaia and GALEX data
Authors: Gómez de Castro Ana Inés , de la Fuente Marcos Raúl , Canet Ada , Beitia-Antero Leire , Yáñez-Gestoso Javier , Carlos Vallejo Juan 
Published: November 2023

Context. Determining a complete census of young stars in any star forming region is a challenge even for the nearest and best-observed molecular clouds, such as Taurus-Auriga (TAMC). Deep surveys at infrared (IR) and X-ray wavelengths and astrometric surveys using Gaia DR2 and DR3 have been carried out to detect the sparse population and constrain the low-mass end of the initial mass function. These compilations have resulted in lists of more than 500 sources, including reliable members of the association and candidates. The astrometric information provided by the Gaia mission has proven to be of fundamental importance in evaluating these candidates.
Aims. In the present work, we examine the list of 63 candidate T Tauri star (TTS) in the TAMC identified by their ultraviolet (UV) and IR colours measured from data obtained by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer all sky survey (GALEX-AIS) and the Two Microns All Sky Survey (2MASS), respectively. These sources have not been included in previous studies and the objectives of this work are twofold: to evaluate whether or not they are pre-main sequence (PMS) stars and to evaluate the true potentials of the UV-IR colour–colour diagram to detect PMS stars in wide fields.
Methods. We retrieved the kinematic properties and the parallax of these sources from the Gaia DR3 catalogue and used them to evaluate their membership probability. We tested several classification algorithms to search for the kinematical groups, but made the final classification with k-means++ algorithms. We evaluated membership probability by applying logistic regression. In addition, we used spectroscopic information available in the archive of the Large Sky Area Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) to ascertain their PMS nature when available.
Results. About 20% of the candidates share the kinematics of the TAMC members. Among them, HD 281691 is a G8-type field star located in front of the cloud and HO Aur is likely a halo star given the very low metallicity provided by Gaia. The remaining sources included three known PMS stars (HD 30171, V600 Aur and J04590305+3003004), two previously unknown accreting M-type stars (J04510713+1708468 and J05240794+2542438), and five additional sources that are very likely PMS stars. Most of these new sources are concentrated at low galactic latitudes over the Auriga-Perseus region.
The early evolution of young massive clusters
Authors: Stoop M. , Derkink A. , Kaper L. , de Koter A. , Rogers C. , Ramírez-Tannus M. C. , Guo D. , Azatyan N. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Characterising the outcome of the star formation process is key to understand and predict the evolution of stellar populations. Especially the fraction of massive stars in young stellar clusters is of importance as they are the dominant sources of both mechanical and radiative feedback, strongly influencing the thermal and dynamical state of their birth environments, and beyond. Their supernovae may trigger the formation of new generations of stars in neighbouring regions. It turns out that a significant fraction of massive stars escape from their parent cluster via dynamical interactions of single stars and/or multiple stellar systems.
Aims. M 17 is the nearest giant H II region hosting a very young and massive cluster: NGC 6618. Our aim is to identify stars brighter than G ≲ 21 mag that belong to NGC 6618, including the (massive) stars that may have escaped since its formation, and to determine the cluster distance and age.
Methods. The Gaia DR3 database was used to identify members of NGC 6618 based on parallax and proper motion within 9′ from the cluster centre. We searched for nearby stars in a field of 5° around the cluster centre that may have originated from the cluster, and we determined their transverse velocity, kinematic age, and impact parameter.
Results. We identified 42 members of NGC 6618 of which eight have a spectral type of O, with a mean distance of 1675−18+19 pc and a (transversal) velocity dispersion of about 3 km s−1, and a radial velocity dispersion of ∼6 km s−1. Another ten O stars are associated with NGC 6618, but they cannot be classified as members due to poor astrometry and/or high extinction. We have also identified six O star runaways. The relative transverse velocity of these runaways ranges from 10 to 70 km s−1 and their kinematic age ranges from about 100 to 750 kyr. Given the already established young age of NGC 6618 (≲1 Myr), this implies that massive stars are being ejected from the cluster already directly after (or during) the cluster formation process.
Conclusions. When constructing the initial mass function, one has to take into account the massive stars that have already escaped from the cluster, that is, about 30% of the O stars of the original population of NGC 6618. The trajectories of the O runaways can be traced back to the central 0.2–0.3 pc region of NGC 6618. The good agreement between the evolutionary and kinematic age of the runaways implies that the latter provides an independent way to estimate (a lower limit to) the age of the cluster.
Toroidal Miller-Turner and Soloviev coronal mass ejection models in EUHFORIA
Authors: Linan L. , Maharana A. , Poedts S. , Schmieder B. , Keppens R. 
Published: November 2023

Context. EUHFORIA is a space weather forecasting tool used to predict the time of arrival and geo-effectiveness of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this simulation model, magnetic structures evolve in the heliosphere after their injection into the domain at 0.1 AU. The predictions provided by EUHFORIA are directly related to the geometric, thermodynamic, and magnetic properties of the injected CME models.Aims. The aim of this paper is to present the implementation of two new CME models in EUHFORIA. Both models possess a toroidal geometry, but the internal distribution of the magnetic field is different.Methods. We introduce the two toroidal CME models analytically, along with their numerical implementation in EUHFORIA. One model is based on the modified Miller-Turner (mMT) solution, while the other is derived from the Soloviev equilibrium, a specific solution of the Grad-Shafranov equation. The magnetic field distribution in both models is provided in analytic formulae, enabling a swift numerical computation. After detailing the differences between the two models, we present a collection of thermodynamic andmagnetic profiles obtained at Earth using these CME solutions in EUHFORIA with a realistic solar wind background. Subsequently, we explore the influence of their initial parameters on the time profiles at L1. In particular, we examine the impact of the initial density, magnetic field strength, velocity, and minor radius.Results. The Soloviev model allows control over the shape of the poloidal cross section, as well as the initial twist. In EUHFORIA, we obtained different thermodynamic and magnetic profiles depending on the CME model used. The generated magnetic profiles reflect the initial magnetic field distribution of the chosen model. We found that changing the initial parameters affects both the amplitude and the trend of the time profiles. For example, using a high initial speed results in a fast evolving and compressed magnetic structure. The speed of the CME is also linked to the strength of the initial magnetic field due to the contribution of the Lorentz force on the CME expansion. However, increasing the initial magnetic field also increases the computation time. Finally, the expansion and integrity of the magnetic structure can be controlled via the initial density of the CME.Conclusions. Both toroidal CME models are successfully implemented in EUHFORIA and can be utilized to predict the geo-effectiveness of the impact of real CME events. Moreover, the current implementation could be easily modified to model other toroidal magnetic configurations.
IC 485: A new candidate disc-maser galaxy at ∼100 Mpc
Authors: Ladu E. , Tarchi A. , Castangia P. , Surcis G. , Braatz J. A. , Panessa F. , Pesce D. W. 
Published: November 2023

Context. Masers are a unique tool with which to investigate the emitting gas in the innermost regions of active galactic nuclei and to map accretion discs and tori orbiting around supermassive black holes. IC 485, which is classified as a low ionisation nuclear emission-line region (LINER) or Seyfert galaxy, hosts a bright H2O maser whose nature is still unclear. Indeed, the maser could be a nuclear disc maser, a jet or outflow maser, or even the very first example of a so-called inclined water maser disc.
Aims. We aim to clarify and investigate the nature of the H2O maser in IC 485 by determining the location and distribution of the maser emission at milliarcsecond resolution and by associating it with the main nuclear components of the galaxy. In a broader context, this work might also provide further information that could be used to better understand the physics and disc–jet geometry in LINER or Seyfert galaxies.
Methods. We observed the nuclear region of IC 485 in continuum and spectral-line mode with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and with the European VLBI Network (EVN). Here, we report multi-epoch (six epochs) and multi-band (three bands: L, C, and K) observations made in 2018, with linear scales from ∼3 to 0.2 pc.
Results. We detected two 22 GHz H2O maser components separated in velocity by 472 km s−1, with one centred at the systemic velocity of the nuclear region of IC 485 and the other at a redshifted velocity. We measured for the first time the absolute positions of these components with an accuracy of better than one milliarcsecond. Under the assumption of a maser associated with an edge-on disc in Keplerian rotation, the estimated enclosed mass is MBH = 1.2 × 107 M⊙, which is consistent with the expected mass for a SMBH in a LINER or Seyfert galaxy. Continuum compact sources have also been detected in the nuclear region of the galaxy, although at a low level of significance.
Conclusions. The linear distribution of the detected maser components and a comparison with the high-sensitivity single-dish spectrum strongly suggest that the bulk of the maser emission is associated with an edge-on accretion disc. This makes IC 485 a new candidate disc-maser galaxy at a distance of 122 Mpc. In particular, thanks to the upcoming radio facilities (e.g., the Square Kilometer Array and the next-generation Very Large Array), IC 485 will play an important role – alongside other sources at similar distances – in our understanding of active galactic nuclei in an unexplored volume of the Universe.
Management of congenital urogenital and perineal vascular malformations: correlation of clinical findings with diagnostic imaging for treatment decision
Authors: Grill Nadja , Struebing Felix , Weiss Christel , Schönberg Stefan O , Sadick Maliha 
Published: November 2023

Purpose Analysis of clinical and diagnostic findings in rare urogenital and perineal vascular malformations only occurring in 2–3 % of vascular anomalies with regard to clinical symptoms and treatment decisions.
Materials and Methods All 25 out of 537 patients presenting with congenital urogenital and perineal vascular malformations at our institution from 2014 to 2021 were included. Vascular anomaly classification, anatomical location, clinical symptoms at presentation, diagnostic imaging, and pain intensity were retrospectively assessed from the patient record and therapy management was evaluated.
Results In total, 25 patients (10 females (40 %), 15 males (60 %)), aged 6 to 77 years were included. Diagnoses were: 10 (40 %) venous malformations (VMs), 5 (20 %) lymphatic malformations (LMs) and 10 (40 %) arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Malformation manifestations were: 12 (32 %) lesser pelvis, 12 (32 %) external genitalia, and 13 (34 %) perineal/gluteal region. One AVM was located in the kidney. The leading clinical symptom was pain. The mean intensity was 6.0/10 for LM, 5.7/10 for VM, and 4.5/10 for AVM. Further major symptoms included physical impairment, local swelling, and skin discoloration. Bleeding complications or sexual dysfunction were rare findings. Patients with VM reported significantly more symptoms than patients with AVM (p = 0.0129). In 13 patients (52 %) minimally invasive therapy was indicated: 10 (77 %) sclerotherapies and 3 (23 %) transcatheter embolization procedures. Complete symptomatic remission was achieved in 9 (69 %) patients, partial response in 3 (23 %) patients, and 1 patient showed no clinical response to therapy. Follow-up appointments without the need for immediate minimally invasive therapy were significantly more common in patients with AVMs than in patients with VMs (p = 0.0198).
Conclusion To create a higher awareness of congenital urogenital and perineal vascular malformations. Awareness of this rare condition avoids misdiagnosis. Therapy decisions should be symptom-oriented. Emergency intervention is rarely required, even in fast-flow vascular malformations.
Key Points:
Operative Ausbildungsziele in der Plastischen und
Ästhetischen Chirurgie einfach „SMART“
Authors: Jakubietz Rafael G. , Giunta Riccardo E. , Jakubietz Michael G. , König Sarah 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der Prozess des lebenslangen Kompetenzerwerbs in medizinischen
Berufen spielt im Rahmen der Neustrukturierung der Studiengänge eine
besondere Rolle. Das aktive, selbstbestimmte Lernen findet Anwendung auch in der
operativen Ausbildung, um manuelle Fertigkeiten zu erlernen. Die
individualisierte, spezifisch auf die Bedürfnisse des Lernenden
abgestimmte Zielsetzung gefolgt von Übungen sowie Feedback
ermöglicht den Erwerb operativer Kompetenz.
Material und Methoden Die chirurgische Ausbildung ähnelt einer
musischen Ausbildung oder Sportausübung, da sowohl intellektuelle als
auch manuelle Fertigkeiten erworben werden müssen. Dort kommen
Trainingsprinzipien bestehend aus Fehleranalyse, Zielsetzung, Übung
sowie Reflexion erfolgreich zum Einsatz. Die Zielsetzung wird entsprechend dem
SMART Prinzip gewählt, um eine bestmögliche Umsetzung zu
gewährleisten. Diese Übungsstrategie kann auch in der operativen
Ausbildung zum Einsatz kommen.
Anwendungen Dem Ausbildungsstadium entsprechend, können sowohl
chirurgische Prinzipien als auch Teilaspekte bis komplette Eingriffe dem SMART
Prinzip entsprechend geübt werden. Dies ermöglicht den
Kompetenzerwerb und das Erlernen manueller Fertigkeiten ohne Nachteile
für die Patientensicherheit.
Diskussion Die chirurgische Ausbildung beinhaltet den Erwerb von
intellektuellen als auch manuellen Fertigkeiten und ist demnach mit anderen
kompetitiven Felder wie Musik und Sport vergleichbar. Im Gegensatz dazu sind
allerdings die Trainingsmöglichkeiten im heutigen Spannungsfeld zwischen
Hochleistungsmedizin und Kostendruck für den Erwerb chirurgischer
Fähigkeiten limitiert. Daher sind Simulationsmöglichkeiten im
Rahmen des selbstbestimmten Lernens von zunehmender Bedeutung. Das SMART Prinzip
in der Zielsetzung ermöglicht die Fragmentierung von komplexen
operativen Schritten in Teilbereiche, welche in einem überschaubaren
Zeitrahmen erfolgreich erlernt werden können. Da diese Art der
Entwicklung nicht allen Individuen intuitiv verfügbar ist, kann dieses
Prinzip von Ausbildern und Mentoren empfohlen werden, um auch außerhalb
des Operationsaals manuelle Fertigkeiten zu erlernen.
Systematic Review: Risk Factors of Anxiety, Depressiveness, and (Lack of) Social Support in Women and Men Prior to Assisted Reproduction
Authors: Thanscheidt Carla Luisa , Wischmann Tewes 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis review provides a systematic overview of the state of knowledge to date of psychosocial risk factors with a focus on anxiety, depressiveness, and (lack of) social support among
involuntarily childless women and men prior to assisted reproduction. The databases PubMed, PubPsych, PsycINFO-Ebsco, and Web of Science were searched for relevant publications in
English or German, and finally a total of 20 publications were included in the systematic review. Of these, 18 studies focused on depressiveness, 15 studies focused on anxiety, and 9 studies
focused on social support. Half of the studies included both men and women, while the other half included only women. Due to the large heterogeneity of the study results as well as
limitations, no clear conclusions can be drawn regarding a difference between the risk profiles of men and women with an unfulfilled desire to have children. However, it has been shown that
infertile couples or women experience higher levels of stress in the form of depressiveness and anxiety compared to fertile participants. Furthermore, it was found that social support,
regardless of gender difference, within the couple and from family and friends may be associated with a lower risk for depressiveness and anxiety.
Covid-19 during Pregnancy – Histopathological Lesions of the
Placenta
Authors: Kummer Julia , Ameli Giada , Jebens Anja , Königbauer Josefine , Mihajlov Valentin , Nacke Anna Kaarina , Pham My Hanh , Rickert Christian , Simon Luisa , Schellenberg Tim , Hellmeyer Lars 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction Pregnant women and their offspring represented a vulnerable
patient collective during the Covid-19 pandemic. Beyond the direct effect of
SARS-CoV-2 via vertical transmission, an indirect impact on the fetus can occur
through placental lesions deteriorating placental villous function. We performed
a histopathological analysis of placentas of parturients with SARS-CoV-2
compared to healthy controls.
Methods and materials Between February 2022 and July 2022 we conducted a
prospective case–control study analyzing placental specimens of
parturients with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to specimens of placentas of
healthy controls. Patient history, Covid-19-specific symptoms, and obstetric
outcomes were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed.
Results During the observation period 71 patients were included with a
gestational age 37 1/7–41 5/7 weeks. Thirty-six patients
presented with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The control group consisted of 35 patients
and showed no placental abnormalities. Among SARS-CoV-2-positive parturients,
66.7% of placentas of the case group showed histopathological
abnormalities classified as vascular or inflammatory abnormalities.
22.2% of placentas showed acute ischemic infarction areas. 8.3%
of placentas showed subchorionic layered thrombi. There was one case of severe
acute subchorionitis. SARS-CoV-2 increased the risk of placental lesions
significantly (OR 3.000, CI 1.890–4.762, p=0.0001). Placental
lesions had no significant impact on perinatal acidosis (OR 0.455, CI
0.044–4.667, p=0.498) or number of cesarean sections (OR 2.314,
CI 0.717–7.473, p=0.156).
Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 infection during labor and delivery increased the
risk of adverse outcomes. Histopathological analysis indicated that the placenta
as a maternal-fetal interface was affected by SARS-CoV-2, leading to systemic
vasculopathy and inflammation.
A Convergent Approach for the Synthesis of C14–C26 Fragment of Anticancer Drug Eribulin Mesylate
Authors: Pabbaraja Srihari , Nasam Rajesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe stereoselective synthesis of C14–C26 fragment of eribulin is reported in a convergent way by coupling of fragment C14–C19 with fragment C20–C26 that are accessible from commercially available raw materials crotonic acid and 1,4-butanediol. The key steps involved in this practical approach are Hosomi–Sakurai asymmetric alkylation, Maruoka allylation, Noyori reduction, silver-catalyzed one-pot rearrangement, and intramolecular cyclization.
N-Oxide Route to the Marine Natural Product Cyanogramide D
Authors: Lindel Thomas , Sarnes Dustin M. , Struck Valentina , Jones Peter G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe first synthesis of the marine natural product cyano­gramide D is reported. The key step is the acetylation of a β-carboline N-oxide, followed by acetyl migration. Since in this particular case it was not possible to incorporate the styryl side chain by Buchwald coupling, a phenylethanolamine side chain was attached, which was dehydrated with Martin’s sulfurane after assembly of the tetracycle. Pentacyclic products were obtained under Appel conditions. The synthesis will facilitate the exploration of the biomimetic oxidative spirocyclization of cyanogramide D to the spirooxindole cyanogramide.
Association between Removal of High-Frequency Oscillations and the Effect of Epilepsy Surgery: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qu Zhichuang , Luo Juan , Chen Xin , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Sixun , Shu Haifeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) are spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) events that occur within the frequency range of 80 to 500 Hz and consist of at least four distinct oscillations that stand out from the background activity. They can be further classified into “ripples” (80–250 Hz) and “fast ripples” (FR; 250–500 Hz) based on different frequency bands. Studies have indicated that HFOs may serve as important markers for identifying epileptogenic regions and networks in patients with refractory epilepsy. Furthermore, a higher extent of removal of brain regions generating HFOs could potentially lead to improved prognosis. However, the clinical application criteria for HFOs remain controversial, and the results from different research groups exhibit inconsistencies. Given this controversy, the aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to explore the utility of HFOs in predicting postoperative seizure outcomes by examining the prognosis of refractory epilepsy patients with varying ratios of HFO removal.
Methods Prospective and retrospective studies that analyzed HFOs and postoperative seizure outcomes in epilepsy patients who underwent resective surgery were included in the meta-analysis. The patients in these studies were grouped based on the ratio of HFOs removed, resulting in four groups: completely removed FR (C-FR), completely removed ripples (C-Ripples), mostly removed FR (P-FR), and partial ripples removal (P-Ripples). The prognosis of patients within each group was compared to investigate the correlation between the ratio of HFO removal and patient prognosis.
Results A total of nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The prognosis of patients in the C-FR group was significantly better than that of patients with incomplete FR removal (odds ratio [OR] = 6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.10–14.15; p < 0.00001). Similarly, patients in the C-Ripples group had a more favorable prognosis compared with those with incomplete ripples removal (OR = 4.45; 95% CI: 1.33–14.89; p = 0.02). Patients in the P-FR group had better prognosis than those with a majority of FR remaining untouched (OR = 6.23; 95% CI: 2.04–19.06; p = 0.001). In the P-Ripples group, the prognosis of patients with a majority of ripples removed was superior to that of patients with a majority of ripples remaining untouched (OR = 8.14; 95% CI: 2.62–25.33; p = 0.0003).
Conclusions There is a positive correlation between the greater removal of brain regions generating HFOs and more favorable postoperative seizure outcomes. However, further investigations, particularly through clinical trials, are necessary to justify the clinical application of HFOs in guiding epilepsy surgery.