bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field Crop Yield Loss Calculator for Disease and Invertebrate Pests: An Online Tool from the Crop Protection Network
Authors: Mueller Daren S. , Sisson Adam J. , Eide Brittany , Allen Tom W. , Bradley Carl A. , Faske Travis R. , Friskop Andrew , Lawrence Kathy , Musser Fred , Reisig Dominic , Tenuta Albert U. , Wise Kiersten A. 
Published: October 2023

The Field Crop Disease and Invertebrate Loss Calculator Web Tool is an interactive online resource showcasing estimates of the yield reduction and economic impact of plant diseases and invertebrate pests over time and location. Accessible through the Crop Protection Network website ( https://www.cropprotectionnetwork.org ), this free online research tool was developed to inform agronomists and researchers across industry and academia, extension workers, commodity groups, and funding agencies about the impact of crop disease and invertebrate pests. The tool enables widespread user access through commonly used web browsers on computers, tablets, and mobile devices. Yield loss estimates are generally obtained through annual surveys of university-affiliated specialists or others with experience in crop protection. Production data are primarily obtained from U.S. and Canadian government agencies. A detailed understanding of the economic impacts of plant disease and invertebrate pests provides valuable information that can inform the allocation of resources to reduce losses in major field crops. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
An adult Drosophila glioma model to highlight metabolic dysfunctions and evaluate the role of the serotonin 5‐HT7 receptor as a potential therapeutic target
Authors: Bertrand Marylène , Szeremeta Frédéric , Hervouet‐Coste Nadège , Sarou‐Kanian Vincent , Landon Céline , Morisset‐Lopez Séverine , Decoville Martine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGliomas account for 50% of brain cancers and are therefore the most common brain tumors. Molecular alterations involved in adult gliomas have been identified and mainly affect tyrosine kinase receptors with amplification and/or mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its associated signaling pathways. Several targeted therapies have been developed, but current treatments remain ineffective for glioblastomas, the most severe forms. Thus, it is a priority to identify new pharmacological targets. Drosophila glioma models established in larvae and adults are useful to identify new genes and signaling pathways involved in glioma progression. Here, we used a Drosophila glioma model in adults, to characterize metabolic disturbances associated with glioma and assess the consequences of 5‐HT7R expression on glioma development. First, by using in vivo magnetic resonance imaging, we have shown that expression of the constitutively active forms of EGFR and PI3K in adult glial cells induces brain enlargement. Then, we explored altered cellular metabolism by using high‐resolution magic angle spinning NMR and 1H‐13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence solution states. Discriminant metabolites identified highlight the rewiring of metabolic pathways in glioma and associated cachexia phenotypes. Finally, the expression of 5‐HT7R in this adult model attenuates phenotypes associated with glioma development. Collectively, this whole‐animal approach in Drosophila allowed us to provide several rapid and robust phenotype readouts, such as enlarged brain volume and glioma‐associated cachexia, as well as to determine the metabolic pathways involved in glioma genesis and finally to confirm the interest of the 5‐HT7R in the treatment of glioma.
Steroids in the Management of Infectious Keratitis
Authors: Keenan Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To summarize the evidence base on the use of topical corticosteroids for infectious keratitis.

Methods:
Narrative review.

Results:
Infectious keratitis is a painful condition that often results in visually significant corneal stromal scarring, even when antimicrobial therapy is successful. Corticosteroids may reduce inflammation and subsequent scar formation and while relieving the acute ocular pain associated with a corneal ulcer. However, corticosteroids also reduce the host immune response, which could hinder the ability to clear infection. The safety and effectiveness of corticosteroids depends to a large part on the efficacy of the antimicrobials being used to treat the underlying infection. Randomized trials have found that corticosteroids are safe and effective for herpetic keratitis when used with appropriate antiviral therapy, and are safe for bacterial keratitis when used with broad spectrum topical antibiotics. The effectiveness of corticosteroids for bacterial keratitis has not been shown conclusively, although more advanced bacterial corneal ulcers may do better with corticosteroids. No randomized trials have assessed the safety and effectiveness of steroids for fungal or acanthamoeba keratitis. Animal studies suggest corticosteroids may be harmful in fungal keratitis, and observational human studies have found that steroids are harmful for fungal and acanthamoeba keratitis when started prior to anti-amoebics.

Conclusions:
Topical corticosteroids, when used as an adjunct to antimicrobial therapy, may be beneficial if the antimicrobial being used can effectively clear or suppress the infection, such as in bacterial and herpetic keratitis. Randomized trials would be helpful to further delineate the role of corticosteroids for infectious keratitis.
Development and internal validation of a prediction model for long-term opioid use—an analysis of insurance claims data
Authors: Held Ulrike , Forzy Tom , Signorell Andri , Deforth Manja , Burgstaller Jakob M. , Wertli Maria M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the United States, a public-health crisis of opioid overuse has been observed, and in Europe, prescriptions of opioids are strongly increasing over time. The objective was to develop and validate a multivariable prognostic model to be used at the beginning of an opioid prescription episode, aiming to identify individual patients at high risk for long-term opioid use based on routinely collected data. Predictors including demographics, comorbid diseases, comedication, morphine dose at episode initiation, and prescription practice were collected. The primary outcome was long-term opioid use, defined as opioid use of either >90 days duration and ≥10 claims or >120 days, independent of the number of claims. Traditional generalized linear statistical regression models and machine learning approaches were applied. The area under the curve, calibration plots, and the scaled Brier score assessed model performance. More than four hundred thousand opioid episodes were included. The final risk prediction model had an area under the curve of 0.927 (95% confidence interval 0.924-0.931) in the validation set, and this model had a scaled Brier score of 48.5%. Using a threshold of 10% predicted probability to identify patients at high risk, the overall accuracy of this risk prediction model was 81.6% (95% confidence interval 81.2% to 82.0%). Our study demonstrated that long-term opioid use can be predicted at the initiation of an opioid prescription episode, with satisfactory accuracy using data routinely collected at a large health insurance company. Traditional statistical methods resulted in higher discriminative ability and similarly good calibration as compared with machine learning approaches.
Predictors of Healthcare Utilization in Family Caregivers of Persons With a Primary Malignant Brain Tumor
Authors: Goldberg Isabella , Sherwood Paula , Sereika Susan M. , Donovan Heidi S. , Weimer Jason , Drappatz Jan , Boele Florien , Shi Xiaojun , Loughan Ashlee 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Negative physical health results from the emotional stress of providing care to a family member with a primary malignant brain tumor; however, the downstream effects on caregivers' healthcare utilization (HCU) are unknown. This analysis examined associations between caregivers' emotional health and markers of HCU during the 6 months after patients' diagnoses. METHODS: Caregivers' self-report HCU data from a longitudinal study with 116 neuro-oncology caregivers were analyzed. Healthcare utilization was operationalized as number of prescription medications, reporting visits to primary care providers (PCPs), nature of PCP visit, number of comorbid conditions, and change in comorbid conditions. Potential predictors were caregivers' depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale), hours providing care per day, mastery (Pearlin and Schooler), and burden (Caregiver Reaction Assessment). Logistic mixed effects modeling were used. RESULTS: Caregivers with higher levels of depressive symptoms (P < .01), anxiety (P = .02), burden related to schedule (P = .02), and abandonment (P < .01) were more likely to report worsening comorbid conditions. Those with higher mastery (P = .02) were less likely to report worsening comorbid conditions. Caregivers who had a PCP visit and reported higher burden related to feelings of self-esteem (P = .03) were more likely to report an illness-related visit. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest a relationship between neuro-oncology caregivers' emotional health and their HCU. Data highlight the importance of caregivers' PCPs identifying caregivers at risk for deteriorating health and increased HCU and intervene to ensure caregivers' self-care.
Diagnostic accuracy of RBC scintigraphy and CTA for detection of patients with suspected lower gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sagar Sambit , Kaushik Prateek , Phulia Ankita , Khan Dikhra , Sarswat Sulochana , Reddy K. Sreenivasa , Kundu Nivedita , Roy Arup , V Rahul , Y.S. Manikya 
Published: October 2023

Objective
Detection of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) through noninvasive modalities is very important in the successful management of LGIB. RBC scintigraphy and CT have a role in the detection of LGIB and guiding the management of patient by localization of the bleeding site. However, only a small number of studies have evaluated the role of RBC scintigraphy and CT in the diagnosis of LGIB. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of RBC scintigraphy and CT in the detection of LGIB in patients with clinical or biochemical findings suspicious of LGIB.

Methods
This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were conducted using relevant keywords, and articles published through 30 April 2022, were included. Using endoscopy or surgical outcomes as the reference standard, the numbers of true and false positives and true and false negatives were extracted. Pooled estimates of diagnostic test accuracy – including sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and summary ROC (SROC) curve – were generated using bivariate random-effects meta-analysis.

Results
Three studies comprising 171 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for the detection of LGIB using RBC scintigraphy were 0.787 (95% CI, 0.643–0.893), 0.289 (95% CI, 0.164–0.443), 1.214 (95% CI, 0.923–1.597) and 0.576 (95% CI, 0.296–1.121) respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.73. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio for the detection of LGIB using CT were 0.931 (95% CI, 0.772–0.992), 0.870 (95% CI, 0.737–0.951), 6.085 (95% CI, 0.840–44.097), 0.126 (95% CI, 0.006–2.509) respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.095.

Conclusion
RBC scintigraphy has overall good sensitivity and CTA has excellent sensitivity specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio in the detection of LGIB in patients with clinical or biochemical findings suspicious for LGIB.CTA along with RBC scintigraphy can be used algorithmically to rule out patients who do not have a localization for the site of LGIB thereby helping these patients to avoid invasive procedures like endoscopy or surgical explorations.
Dilemma in diagnosing incomplete Kawasaki disease in a resource limited setting
Authors: Bhatta Mukesh , Baniya Aashish , Koirala Diwakar , Bhattarai Karun , Shah Abhishek 
Published: October 2023

Introduction and importance:Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis that predominantly affects small to medium sized vessels and mostly occurs in children below 5 years of age. The morbidity and mortality mostly occur due to cardiac involvement.Case presentation:The authors present a case of a 5-year-old male child from hilly region of Nepal who presented with fever for 7 days along with strawberry tongue and non-exudative conjunctivitis without rashes, extremity changes or lymphadenopathy. A suspicion of incomplete KD (IKD) was made. The notable investigation findings were increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, leucocyte count and platelets. Echocardiography showed normal findings. Based on the clinical features and supplemental laboratory findings, a diagnosis of IKD was made. The patient improved after intravenous immunoglobulin and Aspirin.Clinical discussion:The main learning objective that the authors get from this case is the challenges in the diagnosis of IKD in the resource limited setting like Nepal. Whether or not to start intravenous immunoglobulin is a dilemma for the physician in most of the cases of suspected IKD, due to the high cost and poor availability of intravenous immunoglobulin in this setting. Hence, the use of inflammatory markers, supplemental laboratory findings together with the few diagnostic criteria met by the patient helps in making a diagnosis and institute timely treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin.Conclusion:Diagnosis of KD in difficult in resource limited setting.
The Relationship Between Accurate Triage and Core Measures Compliance for Acute Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure in Older Adults Presenting to the Emergency Department
Authors: Wolf Lisa , Russell Angelique 
Published: October 2023

Background:
Accurate emergency department (ED) triage in the geriatric population is an important nurse-sensitive quality indicator; however, few quality indicators are verified for impact.

Purpose:
To examine the relationship between triage accuracy in adults older than 65 years and Core Measures for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF).

Methods:
A correlational approach was used to determine strength and direction of the relationship between variables.

Results:
Strong positive correlations were found between triage accuracy and mortality for AMI and HF, as well as with 30-day hospital readmissions for AMI. A weak negative correlation was found between triage accuracy and 30-day hospital readmissions for HF.

Conclusions:
Accurate triage can lead to a more effective care trajectory for patients, better adherence to Core Measures, and better outcomes. Accuracy in triage for AMI and HF is a valid indicator of ED quality care.
The impact of bullying in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Bhatia Richa 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
Bullying is a common adversity affecting many children and adolescents. It has been shown to negatively impact the psychological well being not only of targets of bullying, but also that of bullying perpetrators and those witnessing bullying. Bullying is linked to depression and poorer mental health and functioning among children and adolescents. Given the high prevalence of bullying among children and adolescents and the negative mental health sequelae of bullying, this is an area of urgent public health concern. This narrative review brings forth recent research findings in this arena, which could help shape public health policies for addressing and preventing bullying.

Recent findings
Recent findings demonstrate an association of bullying among children and adolescents with depression, nonsuicidal self-injury, sleep loss, reduced health-related quality of life, poorer rates of graduation from high school and later mental health problems. A recent systematic review also showed an association of peer-victimization among children and adolescents with activation of amygdala, left parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform gyrus, and alterations in other brain areas.

Summary
Evidence indicates that bullying in childhood and adolescence is associated with higher odds of developing mental health problems; therefore, early identification and timely intervention is crucial.
Predicting diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder: an EHR based study from Colombia
Authors: Service Susan K. , De La Hoz Juan , Diaz-Zuluaga Ana M. , Arias Alejandro , Pimplaskar Aditya , Luu Chuc , Mena Laura , Valencia Johanna , Ramírez Mauricio Castaño , Bearden Carrie E. , Sabbati Chiara , Reus Victor I. , López-Jaramillo Carlos , Freimer Nelson B. , Loohuis Loes M. Olde 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe and chronic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of depression, mania, and/or hypomania. Most BD patients initially present with depressive symptoms, resulting in a delayed diagnosis of BD and poor clinical outcomes. This study leverages electronic health record (EHR) data from the Clínica San Juan de Dios Manizales in Colombia to identify features predictive of the transition from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to BD.Analyzing EHR data from 13,607 patients diagnosed with MDD over 15 years, we identified 1,610 cases of conversion to BD. Using a multivariate Cox regression model, we identified severity of the initial MDD episode, the presence of psychosis and hospitalization at first episode, family history of mood or psychotic disorders, female gender to be predictive of the conversion to BD. Additionally, we observed associations with medication classes (prescriptions of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants) and clinical features (delusions, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, use of marijuana and alcohol use/abuse) derived from natural language processing (NLP) of clinical notes. Together, these risk factors predicted BD conversion within five years of the initial MDD diagnosis, with a recall of 72% and a precision of 38%.Our study confirms many previously identified risk factors identified through registry-based studies (such as female gender and psychotic depression at the index MDD episode), and identifies novel ones (specifically, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt extracted from clinical notes). These results simultaneously demonstrate the validity of using EHR data for predicting BD conversion as well as underscore its potential for the identification of novel risk factors and improving early diagnosis.
Histopathology-assisted proteogenomics provides foundations for stratification of melanoma metastases
Authors: Kuras Magdalena , Betancourt Lazaro Hiram , Hong Runyu , Szadai Leticia , Rodriguez Jimmy , Horvatovich Peter , Pla Indira , Eriksson Jonatan , Szeitz Beáta , Deszcz Bartłomiej , Welinder Charlotte , Sugihara Yutaka , Ekedahl Henrik , Baldetorp Bo , Ingvar Christian , Lundgren Lotta , Lindberg Henrik , Oskolas Henriett , Horvath Zsolt , Rezeli Melinda , Gil Jeovanis , Appelqvist Roger , Kemény Lajos V. , Malm Johan , Sanchez Aniel , Szasz A. Marcell , Pawłowski Krzysztof , Wieslander Elisabet , Fenyö David , Nemeth Istvan Balazs , Marko-Varga György 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTHere we describe the histopathology-driven proteogenomic landscape of 142 treatment-naïve metastatic melanoma samples. We identified five proteomic subtypes that integrate the immune and stroma microenvironment components, and associate with clinical and histopathological parameters, providing foundations for an in-depth molecular classification of melanoma. Our study shows that BRAF V600 mutated melanomas display heterogeneous biology, where the presence of an oncogene-induced senescence-like phenotype improves patient survival. Therefore, we propose a mortality-risk-based stratification, which may contribute to a more personalized approach to patient treatment. We also found a strong association between tumor microenvironment composition, disease progression, and patient outcome supported by single-cell omic signatures that point to straightforward histopathological connective tissue-to-tumor ratio assessment for better informed medical decisions. A melanoma-associated signature of single amino acid variants (SAAV) responsible for remodeling the extracellular matrix was uncovered together with SAAV-derived neoantigen candidates as targets of anti-tumor immune responses. Overall, this study offers comprehensive stratifications of melanoma metastases that may help develop tailored strategies for diagnosing and treating the disease.
Lactobacillusspp. decrease the susceptibility ofSalmonellaTyphimurium to the last resort antibiotic azithromycin
Authors: Blais Lya , Couture Laurence , Laforest-Lapointe Isabelle , Côté Jean-Philippe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBacteria are involved in numerous interactions during infection and among host-associated microbial populations.Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium is a foodborne pathogen of great importance as well as a model organism to study interactions within a microbial community. In this study, we found thatS. Typhimurium becomes tolerant to azithromycin when co-cultured with strains ofLactobacillus. Similarly, acidified media, from cell-free supernatant ofLactobacilluscultures for instance, also induced the tolerance ofS. Typhimurium to azithromycin. The addition of membrane disruptors restored the normal sensitivity to azithromycin in acidified media, but not whenLactobacilluswas present. These results suggested that the acidification of the media led to modification in envelope homeostasis, but that a different mechanism promoted the tolerance to azithromycin in the presence ofLactobacillusstrains. To further understand howLactobacillusstrains modify the sensitivity ofS. Typhimurium to azithromycin, a high-throughput assay was carried using the single gene deletion collection of theS. Typhimurium (1) in coculture withL. rhamnosusand (2) in sterile acidic conditions (pH 5.5 media only). As expected, both screens identified genes involved in envelope homeostasis and membrane permeability. Our results also suggest that changes in the metabolism ofS. Typhimurium induce the tolerance observed in the presence ofL. rhamnosus. Our results thus highlight two different mechanisms by whichLactobacillusstrains induce tolerance ofS. Typhimurium to antibiotics.ImportanceThis study provides valuable insights into the intricate interactions between bacteria during infections and within host-associated microbial communities. Specifically, it sheds light on the significant role ofLactobacillusstrains in inducing antibiotic tolerance inSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium, a critical foodborne pathogen and model organism for microbial community studies. The findings not only uncover the mechanisms underlying this antibiotic tolerance but also reveal two distinct pathways through whichLactobacillusstrains might influenceSalmonella’s response to antibiotics. Understanding these mechanisms has the potential to enhance our knowledge of bacterial infections and may have implications for the development of strategies to combat antibiotic resistance in pathogens likeSalmonella. Furthermore, our results underscore the necessity to explore beyond the direct antimicrobial effects of antibiotics, emphasizing the broader microbial community context.