bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defect identification method for ultrasonic inspection of pipeline welds based on cross-modal zero-shot learning
Authors: Zeyu Yu , Qi Ma , Hongqiang Yuan , Guofeng Du 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ultrasonic inspection of pipeline welds still uses the traditional visual inspection signal method to identify pipeline defects. The identification of defects relies entirely on the subjective judgment of practitioners and is highly dependent on their level of experience. Deep learning models have achieved very good results in classification tasks, but they rely on a large number of annotated data samples for each category. However, it is difficult to collect a large number of samples with different defects and annotate them for the classification of pipe welding defects. Based on the idea of zero-shot learning (ZSL), which makes full use of experts’ semantic descriptions of defect categories, artificial semantic features are integrated cross-modally with ultrasonic inspection signal features. In this way, a common semantic space containing seen and unseen classes is constructed to achieve the detection of various defects. Meanwhile, to alleviate the problem of extreme imbalance of training data between the seen and unseen classes in ZSL model training, a ZSL model Feature-GAN-ZSL (FGZ) fused with a generative adversarial network (GAN) is proposed. The model utilizes a Feature-GAN network to generate unseen class features during training and adds a classifier to enhance the generation of features with stronger discriminative power. In the experiments, sample data for porosity, incomplete penetration, and cracks were used as visible classes, and samples for incomplete fusion and slag entrapment were used as unseen classes. Five state-of-the-art models in the ZSL domain were compared. The results show that the FGZ model has a good ability to recognize various defects, not only the types of defects that participated in the training but also the defects that did not participate in the training. This plays a perfect role in dealing with various pipeline welding defects.
Preparation of protein-loaded nanoparticles based on poly(succinimide)-oleylamine for sustained protein release: a two-step nanoprecipitation method
Authors: Chen Xiangxun , Moonshi Shehzahdi S , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Ta Hang Thu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Currently, the treatment for acute disease encompasses the use of various biological drugs (BDs). However, the utilisation of BDs is limited due to their rapid clearance and non-specific accumulation in unwanted sites, resulting in a lack of therapeutic efficacy together with adverse effects. While nanoparticles are considered good candidates to resolve this problem, some available polymeric carriers for BDs were mainly designed for long-term sustained release. Thus, there is a need to explore new polymeric carriers for the acute disease phase that requires sustained release of BDs over a short period, for example for thrombolysis and infection. Poly(succinimide)-oleylamine (PSI-OA), a biocompatible polymer with a tuneable dissolution profile, represents a promising strategy for loading BDs for sustained release within a 48-h period. In this work, we developed a two-step nanoprecipitation method to load the model protein (e.g. bovine serum albumin and lipase) on PSI-OA. The characteristics of the nanoparticles were assessed based on various loading parameters, such as concentration, stirring rate, flow rate, volume ratio, dissolution and release of the protein. The optimised NPs displayed a size within 200 nm that is suitable for vasculature delivery to the target sites. These findings suggest that PSI-OA can be employed as a carrier for BDs for applications that require sustained release over a short period.
The breakdown characteristic of porous dielectric discharge based on percolation structure
Authors: Hu Yuheng , Rao Libo , Wu Feiyu , Chen Kai , Mao Yilong , Chen Yue , Wang Jialei , Wang Hao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Porous dielectrics have received increasing attention in plasma sterilization, all-solid-state battery technology, and surface functionalization of biological tissue materials. Due to their complex structure and discharge characteristics, the current researches are hard to quantify the stochastic properties of porous dielectrics. In this paper, we used a percolation structure to simulate the discharge process in a 2D porous dielectric. The simulation results of the 2D percolation model are similar to that of 2D real porous slices, which can characterize the physical properties of the porous dielectric well while greatly reducing the time required for simulation. In addition, simulations on percolation models with different porosity and lattice size are performed. When the porosity and lattice size remain constant, tortuosity and Debye radius are the main factors affecting the breakdown of the percolation model. With the decrease in porosity, the Pashcen curve shifts to the upper right. With the decrease in lattice size, the Pashcen curve moves higher. The results show correlations between random parameters and Paschen curves. This study presents a novel simulation approach for the theoretical analysis of porous dielectric and improves the simulation efficiency at the same time. In addition, this new model is also applied to quantify the impact mechanism of random parameters such as porosity and lattice size on porous dielectric discharge.
Ballistic phonon lensing by the non-planar interfaces of embedded nanoparticles
Authors: Maranets Theodore , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the scattering behavior of a ballistic phonon wave incident on a dopant spherical nanoparticle embedded within a pure crystal through molecular dynamics simulations. Unique to this work, we also conduct conjugate simulations of ballistic phonon scattering on a dopant thin slab to compare and contrast scattering by non-planar heterogeneous interfaces (nanoparticle) and planar heterogeneous interfaces (thin slab). Analysis of the wave dynamics in real and reciprocal spaces reveal phonon mode-conversion in the nanoparticle scattering system is due to an unreported ‘phonon lensing’ effect where the phonon wave propagation is altered by refraction and reflection through the non-planar interfaces of the nanoparticle. The specific states of mode-conversion is shown to change with the character of the lensing that varies with nanoparticle size. Most significantly, the lensing phenomenon is absent in the phonon scattering by the thin slab and consequentially, results in differences in the scattering behaviors between the planar and non-planar interfaces.
Experimental certification of more than one bit of quantum randomness in the two inputs and two outputs scenario
Authors: Jean-Marie Seguinard Alban , Piveteau Amélie , Mironowicz Piotr , Bourennane Mohamed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
One of the striking properties of quantum mechanics is the occurrence of the Bell-type non-locality. They are a fundamental feature of the theory that allows two parties that share an entangled quantum system to observe correlations stronger than possible in classical physics. In addition to their theoretical significance, non-local correlations have practical applications, such as device-independent randomness generation, providing private unpredictable numbers even when they are obtained using devices delivered by an untrusted vendor. Thus, determining the quantity of certifiable randomness that can be produced using a specific set of non-local correlations is of significant interest. In this paper, we present an experimental realization of recent Bell-type operators designed to provide private random numbers that are secure against adversaries with quantum resources. We use semi-definite programming to provide lower bounds on the generated randomness in terms of both min-entropy and von Neumann entropy in a device-independent scenario. We compare experimental setups providing Bell violations close to the Tsirelson’s bound with lower rates of events, with setups having slightly worse levels of violation but higher event rates. Our results demonstrate the first experiment that certifies close to two bits of randomness from binary measurements of two parties. Apart from single-round certification, we provide an analysis of finite-key protocol for quantum randomness expansion using the Entropy Accumulation theorem and show its advantages compared to existing solutions.
Optimisation of the Tripathi model using a nuclear reaction cross-section database
Authors: Luoni F , Reidel C A , Horst F , Weber U , Durante M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nuclear reaction cross-sections are an essential ingredient to reliable deterministic and stochastic radiation transport codes used for radiation protection in space and heavy-ion therapy applications. A recent study compared the existing literature data compiled within the open-access GSI-ESA-NASA cross-section database to the models implemented in the transport codes most commonly used for radiation protection in space and heavy-ion therapy applications. The outcome of the comparison was that none of the models fit well the experimental data for all projectile-target systems at all energy ranges. Therefore, the literature data were exploited to optimise the Tripathi–Cucinotta–Wilson model as reported in this work. This model is used as default in FLUKA, TRiP, and SpaceTRiP, it is part of the hybrid-Kurotama (HK) model used in particle and heavy ion transport code (PHITS), and it is implemented in Geant4. The consequences of using the proposed Tripathi–Cucinotta–Wilson optimisation in the HK model are also analysed.
The impact of Cu, Ni and Fe2O3 on the magnetic behavior and structural properties of FeSiO2 nanocomposite synthesized through ball milling
Authors: Younes Abderrahmane , Amraoui Rachid , Manseri Amar , Smaili Fatiha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The nanocomposite Fe-A/SiO2 soft magnetic materials, with Cu, Ni, and Fe2O3 as dopants, were produced using a mechanical alloying technique. Our central objective was to explore the impact of process parameters on Fe/SiO2 nanocomposite properties. We assessed varying milling time and dopant addition rates, analyzing structural, morphological, and magnetic aspects through SEM, EDS, XRD, and VSM at different synthesis stages. The XRD pattern revealed iron, Fe(Ni), Fe(Cu), and Fe2O3 with an average crystallite size of 28–39 nm and lattice strain of 0.0097%–0.0222%. Notably, the lattice parameters decreased from 0.2852 to 0.2836 nm. Among nanocomposites, FeCu/SiO2 displayed the smallest crystallite size (34.3 nm), while FeNiSiO2 showed the highest lattice parameter (0.2853 nm). The ATR analysis unveiled Si–O–Si stretching vibrations at 1052 cm−1, intensifying with milling time. The inclusion of Cu and Ni in the FeSiO2 system significantly influenced the Si–O–Si bond. Coercivity and remanence magnetization in Fe/SiO2 increased notably with milling time, reaching 68.47 Oe and 8.73 emu g−1, respectively. The Fe/Fe2O3/SiO2 and FeSiO2 nanocomposites exhibited the maximum values of coercivity (47.07 Oe) and remanence magnetization (12.24 emu g−1). Remarkably, the Fe/SiO2 nanocomposite displayed the highest saturation magnetization, measuring an impressive 176.07 emu g−1 after 30 h of milling, while FeCu/SiO2 reached 165.64 emu g−1 after 20 h. Overall, our findings suggest the Fe/SiO2 nanocomposite as a promising high-frequency soft magnetic material.
One-step jones matrix polarization holography for polarization-sensitive materials using angular-multiplexing
Authors: Shan Mingguang , Yu Xintian , Liu Lei , Xie Yongqiang , Zhong Zhi , Yu Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A polarization digital holography (DH) using angular multiplexing was developed for extracting the Jones matrix of anisotropy materials in one step. This technique is implemented by adopting an off-axis interferometric configuration connecting two identical CCD cameras. The combined orthogonal 45° beams is split using a nonpolarizing beam splitter to produce the sample and reference beams. Our method yields two angular-multiplexing polarization interferograms simultaneously, in which the orthogonal fringe directions for each interferogram are modulated by two self-installed retro-reflector mirrors. In this case, the spatially resolved Jones matrix parameters of the polarization-sensitive materials can be determined in one step. The basic feasibility of the scheme is verified by measuring the Jones matrices of polarizing optics, a transmitted spatial light modulator, and synthetic mica plates.
Equal-strength beam design of acoustic wave accelerometers
Authors: Zhao Yihan , Zhou Jian , Kuang Linjuan , Guo Yihao , Xie Jianfei , Fu Yongqing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) based accelerometers have received significant attention due to their digital output, low cost, mass production and easy implementation of wireless passive function. However, conventionally rectangular cantilever-beam based SAW accelerometers often have non-uniform strains generated along the beams, which cause emergence of parasitic wave modes and measurement errors. In this paper, a simulation platform was developed to analyze and optimize designs of SAW accelerometers and variable-thickness and equal-strength beams were designed to solve the critical issue of non-uniform strain distribution along the beam. Frequency responses of SAW accelerometers under the acceleration were successfully obtained using the simulation platform, with the visualized strain/stress distribution and particle displacement field. The accuracy of this simulation platform was verified using the experimental result reported in literature. A highly sensitive and equal-strength beam SAW accelerometer was achieved with a sensitivity up to 1.40 kHz g−1, a linearity coefficient of ∼1, and a measurement range of 0∼15 g. Furthermore, a high-G accelerometer was designed, with the capability of enduring large shocks up to 11,500 g and a sensitivity of 6.96 Hz g−1.
Simulation of the Xenes nanoribbons for sensing CO, CO2, and CH4 gases
Authors: Alaee Fateme , Sadeghzadeh Mohammad Ali , Ostovari Fatemeh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Xenes emerge as promising materials for sensing applications. The capabilities of armchair Graphene, Silicene, and Phosphorene nanoribbons (AGNR, ASiNR, and APNR) as gas sensors have been investigated using tight-binding approximation and non-equilibrium Green’s function approach. These Xenes have been used for sensing CO, CO2, and CH4 at different concentrations. The results revealed that the AGNR has an excellent sensitivity and selectivity to CO and CO2 gases than other sensors. Although ASiNR has considerable sensitivity to CO and CH4 gas molecules at all concentrations, it can select CO from others. The APNR just can detect CO2 gas molecules and shows poor selectivity, furthermore, it has shorter recovery time than AGNR and ASiNR, due to gas-Xene bond type.
Soliton molecules, interaction and other wave solutions of the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable fourth-order equation for shallow water waves
Authors: Wang Kang-Jia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we aim to explore the new (3+1)-dimensional integrable fourth-order nonlinear equation(IFNE) for describing the shallow water waves. First, we study its N-soliton solutions via the bilinear form which is constructed by applying the Cole-Hopf transform. The resonance conditions of the soliton molecular are extracted and the soliton molecules are obtained. Second, the ansatz function method together with the symbolic computation, is implemented to develop the interaction wave solutions(IWSs). Finally, we take advantage of the Bernoulli sub-equation function method(BSFM) to look into the travelling wave solutions(TWSs). Different kinds of the TWSs like the singular-kink and kink solitary wave solutions are found. Correspondingly, the dynamic performances of the solutions are depicted graphically to present the physical interpretations. And for all we know, the solutions got in this work are all new and can be regarded as an extension of the solutions for the new (3+1) dimensional IFNE, which are expected to have practical significance for the application of these equations in physics.
Machine learning approach on the prediction of mechanical characteristics of pristine, boron doped and nitrogen doped graphene
Authors: P Shahbaz , Sharma Sumit , Ajori Shahram 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Machine Learning (ML), a subset of Artificial Intelligence has been widely applied in various domains, but it has only just begun to be employed in the field of engineering. In the present investigation, various ML algorithms and artificial neural network (ANN) structures are used for the first time to predict the mechanical properties of pristine, boron-doped, and nitrogen-doped graphene while also taking into account the effects of various types of vacancy defects. Fracture strain, Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), and Young’s modulus are all predicted. ML technique reduces the computational cost and time required to find out mechanical properties of these materials. The training dataset for the ML models is developed using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. It was shown that defects and doping both had an adverse effect on mechanical characteristics. While ANN, LASSO, and LASSO Lars have all performed quite well at predicting these features, pipeline polynomial regression has performed best across all datasets. New insights on the research of mechanical characteristics utilizing cutting-edge computational techniques are provided by the discoveries in this research.
New soliton solutions of kraenkel-manna-merle system with beta time derivative
Authors: Bayrakci Ugur , Tuluce Demiray Seyma , Yildirim Huseyin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the fractional Kraenkel-Manna-Merle (KMM) system, which describes the motion of a nonlinear ultrashort wave pulse through saturated ferromagnetic materials with zero conductivity. The fractional behavior of this system was investigated using the beta derivative. The modified generalized exponential rational function method (MGERFM), developed by modifying the generalized exponential rational function method (GERFM), is applied to this system for the first time. Thus, some soliton solutions of the KMM system that have not been obtained before are presented for the first time in this study. In addition, 2D, 3D and density graphs of the obtained solutions for various values and ranges are presented. Discussions of these graphs are given and the found solutions are compared with other solutions.
Magnetic and electrical transport properties of Cu0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite synthesized by plasma arc discharge process
Authors: Maghazei P , Gheisari K , Ranjbar K , Mohammadian A , Bhame S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this study, the plasma arc discharge process was employed to synthesize nanocrystalline Cu0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 ferrite powders. A spinel-type ferrite structure has been formed successfully, exhibiting a saturation magnetization of 87 emu g−1 and a coercivity of 26 Oe. The investigation involved studying the frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss, and DC/AC conductivity over a broad frequency range (1 kHz–1 MHz) in a temperature range of 298 K–403 K. The highest value of the dielectric contestant (4746) is observed at a frequency of 1 kHz and temperature of 313 K. A maximum in the DC conductivity is observed at 403 K, which can be ascribed to the combined effects of thermally activated hopping and an increase in the concentration of both n-type and p-type charge carriers at higher temperatures.
Quantum infinite square well as a limiting case of higher order anharmonic oscillator
Authors: Salamu Y 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We present a new type of continuous anharmonic potential and analyze its higher order asymptotic limit. The potential display infinite square well-like behavior when anharmonic order N goes to infinity. Consequently, wave functions and eigenvalues of ground and first excited states of anharmonic oscillators also asymptotically approach to those of infinite square well.
First-principles investigation of the ultra-wide band gap halides perovskite XBeF3 (X = Na, K) with pressure effects
Authors: Song Ruijie , Chen Yan , Chen Shanjun , Zhang Jingyi , Shi Zaifa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on the first-principles and quasi-harmonic Debye model, the structure, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of XBeF3 (X = Na, K) crystals at 0 ∼ 30 GPa are systematically investigated for the first time. The lattice constant, elastic constants, and bulk modulus of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 crystals are calculated under zero temperature and zero pressure, which are consistent with the literature values. The studies of electronic properties show that the ultra-wide band gaps of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 crystals at 0 GPa are 7.096 eV and 7.720 eV, respectively. Their band gaps increase with increasing pressure, while their type is indirect without the influence of pressure. Besides, the band structure of XBeF3 crystals at 0 ∼ 30 GPa is calculated by HSE06 functional. The variation of the XBeF3 band gap calculated by the HSE06 function with pressure is consistent with the trend of GGA functional. Additionally, the optical properties including reflectivity, absorption coefficient, complex refractive index, dielectric function and conductivity of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 crystals from 0 to 30 GPa have been comprehensively investigated. Using the quasi-harmonic Debye model, the relative volume, expansion coefficient, Debye temperature and heat capacity effect with pressures and temperatures of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 at 0 ∼ 30 GPa are also researched. The Debye temperatures of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 at 300 K are calculated to be 656.38 K and 602.6 K respectively. At relatively high temperature, the heat capacity at constant volume gradually approaches the Dulong-Petit limit. The results in this paper show that NaBeF3 and KBeF3 crystals may be used in the fields of lens materials and window materials in the deep ultraviolet range. Additionally, the ultra-wide band gap characteristics of NaBeF3 and KBeF3 enable them to be useful as highly insulating layers and high-voltage capacitors.