bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coonrad-Morrey total elbow arthroplasty for tumours of the distal humerus and elbow
Authors: Athwal G. S. , Chin P. Y. , Adams R. A. , Morrey B. F. 
Published: September 2005

We reviewed 20 patients who had undergone a Coonrad-Morrey total elbow arthroplasty after resection of a primary or metastatic tumour from the elbow or distal humerus between 1980 and 2002. Eighteen patients underwent reconstruction for palliative treatment with restoration of function after intralesional surgery and two after excision of a primary bone tumour. The mean follow-up was 30 months (1 to 192). Five patients (25%) were alive at the final follow-up; 14 (70%) had died of their disease and one of unrelated causes. Local control was achieved in 15 patients (75%). The mean Mayo Elbow Performance Score improved from 22 (5 to 45) to 75 points (55 to 95). Four reconstructions (20%) failed and required revision. Seven patients (35%) had early complications, the most frequent being nerve injury (25%). There were no infections or wound complications although 18 patients (90%) had radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both. The Coonrad-Morrey total elbow arthroplasty provides good relief from pain and a good functional outcome after resection of tumours of the elbow. The rates of complications involving local recurrence of tumour (25%) and nerve injury (25%) are of concern.
Fatigue injuries of the femur
Authors: Niva M. H. , Kiuru M. J. , Haataja R. , Pihlajamäki H. K. 
Published: September 2005

The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomical distribution and incidence of fatigue injuries of the femur in physically-active young adults, based upon MRI studies. During a period of 70 months, 1857 patients with exercise-induced pain in the femur underwent MRI of the pelvis, hips, femora, and/or knees. Of these, 170 patients had a total of 185 fatigue injuries, giving an incidence of 199 per 100 000 person-years. Bilateral injuries occurred in 9% of patients. The three most common sites affected were the femoral neck (50%), the condylar area (24%) and the proximal shaft (18%). A fatigue reaction was seen in 57%, and a fracture line in 22%. There was a statistical correlation between the severity of the fatigue injury and the duration of pain (p = 0.001). The location of the pain was normally at the site of the fatigue injury. Fatigue injuries of the femur appear to be relatively common in physically-active patients.
Symptomatic ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament with stenosis of the cervical spine
Authors: Mizuno J. , Nakagawa H. , Song J. 
Published: September 2005

Seven men with a mean age of 63.9 years (59 to 67) developed dysphagia because of oesophageal compression with ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL) and radiculomyelopathy due to associated stenosis of the cervical spine. The diagnosis of OALL was made by plain lateral radiography and classified into three types; segmental, continuous and mixed. Five patients had associated OALL in the thoracic and lumbar spine without ossification of the ligamentum flavum. All underwent removal of the OALL and six had simultaneous decompression by removal of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament or a bony spur. All had improvement of their dysphagia. Because symptomatic OALL may be associated with spinal stenosis, precise neurological examination is critical. A simultaneous microsurgical operation for patients with OALL and spinal stenosis gives good results without serious complications.
High-Resolution DNA Melting Analysis for Simultaneous Mutation Scanning and Genotyping in Solution
Authors: Zhou Luming , Wang Lesi , Palais Robert , Pryor Robert , Wittwer Carl T 
Published: September 2005

Abstract
Background: High-resolution DNA melting analysis with saturation dyes for either mutation scanning of PCR products or genotyping with unlabeled probes has been reported. However, simultaneous PCR product scanning and probe genotyping in the same reaction has not been described.
Methods: Asymmetric PCR was performed in the presence of unlabeled oligonucleotide probes and a saturating fluorescent DNA dye. High-resolution melting curves for samples in either capillaries (0.3 °C/s) or microtiter format (0.1 °C/s) were generated in the same containers used for amplification. Melting curves of the factor V Leiden single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and several mutations in exons 10 and 11 of the cystic fibrosis transconductance regulator gene were analyzed for both PCR product and probe melting transitions.
Results: Independent verification of genotype for simple SNPs was achieved by either PCR product or probe melting transitions. Two unlabeled probes in one reaction could genotype many sequence variants with simultaneous scanning of the entire PCR product. For example, analysis of both product and probe melting transitions genotyped ΔF508, ΔI507, Q493X, I506V, and F508C variants in exon 10 and G551D, G542X, and R553X variants in exon 11. Unbiased hierarchal clustering of the melting transitions identified the specific sequence variants.
Conclusions: When DNA melting is performed rapidly and observed at high resolution with saturating DNA dyes, it is possible to scan for mutations and genotype at the same time within a few minutes after amplification. The method is no more complex than PCR and may reduce the need for resequencing.
X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy of plutonium complexes with bacillus sphaericus
Authors: Panak Petra J. , Booth C. H. , Caulder D. L. , Bucher J. J. , Shuh D. K. , Nitsche Heino 
Published: September 2005

Summary
Knowledge of the plutonium complexes formed with bacterial cells is critical for predicting the influence of microbial interactions on the migration behavior of actinides in the environment. This investigation describes the interaction of plutonium(VI) with cells of the aerobic soil bacteria, Bacillus sphaericus. The studies include the quantification of carboxylate and phosphate functional groups on the cell walls by potentiometric titration and the determination of the plutonium speciation by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Extended-XAFS (EXAFS) was used to determine the identity of the Pu(VI) interfacial complex with the bacteria, and the Pu(VI) was found primarily bound to phosphate groups on the cell surface. No carboxylate complexation was detected.
Ion-molecule reactions of Ru+ and Os+ with oxygen in a Penning trap
Authors: Rieth U. , Herlert A. , Kratz Jens Volker , Schweikhard L. , Vogel M. , Walther C. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
Gas-phase ion chemistry in a Penning trap has been explored for future experiments on the chemical properties of the heaviest elements. The Mainz Cluster Trap, a Penning trap experiment devoted to metal cluster research, has served as a model apparatus for SHIPTRAP which is being installed behind the velocity filter SHIP (Separator for Heavy Ion reaction Products) at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) at Darmstadt. The reactions of stored Ru+ and Os+ with oxygen have been studied and the reaction products MO+ and MO2
+ (M = Ru, Os) have been observed. The corresponding rate constants have been measured and the results are discussed with respect to future studies of similar ion-molecule reactions of the element 108 (hassium) in SHIPTRAP.
Inner-sphere, outer-sphere and ternary surface complexes: a TRLFS study of the sorption process of Eu(III) onto smectite and kaolinite
Authors: Stumpf Thorsten , Bauer A. , Coppin F. , Fanghänel Thomas , Kim Jae-Il 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe surface sorption process of Eu(III) onto smectite and kaolinite was investigated by time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) in the trace concentration range. The experiments were performed in 0.025 M and 0.45 M NaClO4. The sorption process of Eu(III) onto smectite was obtained by TRLFS under atmospheric conditions and in absence of CO2. The pH was varied between 3.5 and 9 at a fixed metal ion concentration of 3.3 × 10−6mol/L Eu(III). At low pH (< 4) the metal ion keeps its complete hydration sphere indicating outer-sphere complexation. With increasing pH the formation of an inner-sphere Eu(III) surface complex was observed. The differences in the spectra and the fluorescence emission lifetimes of the surface sorbed Eu(III) in presence and absence of carbonate indicate the formation of ternary clay/Eu(III)/carbonate complexes. The different europium/clay surface complexes were characterized by their fluorescence emission spectra (5D0→7F1/5D0→7F2intensity ratio) and their fluorescence emission lifetime.
Rate effected adsorption profile of selenium-thiocyanate complex onto polyurethane foam
Authors: Saeed Muhammad M. , Hasany Syed Moosa , Ahmed Munir 
Published: September 2005

Summary
The sorption of preheated selenium-thiocyanate complexes onto polyurethane (PUR) foam has been studied as a function of equilibration time (1–60 min), concentration of selenium (3.80 × 10−4 −4.39 × 10−3 M) and amount of PUR foam. Maximum sorption (> 98%) has been achieved from 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solution within 20 minutes using 7.25 mg/cm3 PUR foam in the presence of 3.75 × 10−2 M thiocyanate ions. The sorption data have been subjected to Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D–R) isotherms. The Freundlich parameters 1/n = 0.25 ± 0.02 and of K
F = 1.7 ± 0.2 mmole g−1, Langmuir constants M = 0.23 ± 0.01 mmole g−1 and of b = 23 ± 2 dm3 mmole−1 and of D-R constants, C
m = 0.82 ± 0.04 mmole g−1, β = −0.0032 ± 0.0002 mole2 kJ−2 and of E = 12.5 ± 0.2 kJ mole−1 have been evaluated. The kinetic data have been subjected to Morris-Weber, Lagergren and Reichenberg equations and rate constants of intraparticle transport and first order have been computed. Thermodynamic parameters of enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy suggest the endothermic and spontaneous adsorption of Se(IV)-SCN complex onto PUR foam at higher temperature. The influence of common anions and cations on the accumulation of selenium-thiocyanate onto PUR foam has been carried out. The possible sorption mechanism has also been discussed.
Measurement of fission neutron spectrum averaged cross sections of some threshold reactions on dysprosium: small-scale production of no-carrier-added153Gd in a nuclear reactor
Authors: Waheed S. , Zaidi Jamshed H. , Ahmad Shujaat , Saleem M. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryEmploying the activation technique in combination with radiochemical separations and high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy fission neutron spectrum averaged cross sections were measured for several (n, 2n), (n,p) and (n, α) reactions on isotopes of dysprosium; our measurements constitute the first systematic studies. Of special interest was the investigation of the156Dy(n, α)153Gd reaction for the production of no-carrier-added153Gd in a nuclear reactor. Using 100% enriched156Dy target, 8633 KBq of153Gd per batch can be produced which is, however, not sufficient for medical application.
Partitioning of 127I and 129I in an unconfined glaciofluvial aquifer on the Canadian shield
Authors: Alvarado-Quiroz N. G. , Kotzer T. G. , Milton G. M. , Clark I. D. , Bottomley D. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
At AECL – Chalk River Laboratories, Ontario, Canada solid, low-level radioactive wastes from industrial, academic and medical applications have been stored in trenches above unconsolidated sandy glacial tills and permeable very-fine to fine-grained sands overlying crystalline bedrock. The sandy aquifer system drains into a swamp comprised of approximately 3 m of sphagnum peat. A comprehensive field and analytical program, involving measurements of total iodine, 129I, tritium, 14C and 13C/12C ratios in groundwater and geologic materials (sands and peats), was initiated at this site to examine the partitioning of 127I and 129I amongst the various reservoirs in this system and the controlling factors.
The maximum iodine concentration and 129I inside the groundwater contaminant plume at the recharge and discharge sites were 67.0 ng/ml and ∼8.3 × 1011 atoms/liter, and 32.4 ng/ml and ∼2.9 × 1011 atoms/liter, respectively, with positive correlations between iodine, 14C (0.82), and tritium (0.87). Maximum total iodine concentrations for in-plume, recharge-site sands and discharge-site peats were 190.1 µg/kg and 14100 µg/kg, respectively. 129I analyses on these same samples showed concentrations of 2.3 × 107 and 6.4 × 109 atoms/g of soil, respectively.

K
D values (concentration on porous medium/concentration in co-existing water) calculated from the contaminant plume data for 127I and 129I were 1.3 and 1.6 l/kg, respectively, at the recharge site and 486 and 93 l/kg, respectively, at the discharge area, indicating that both stable and radio-iodine are preferentially sorbed to the organic rich, aquifer materials at the discharge sites. Incremental leach experiments on these same geologic materials have borne out these differences, with 127I being more strongly sorbed than 129I, probably as the result of kinetically controlled sorption mechanisms and the differing residence times of stable and radio-iodine in this hydrologic regime.
Thermodynamics of the U(VI)-Ca2+-Cl−-OH−-H2O system: Solubility product of becquerelite
Authors: Rai Dhanpat , Felmy Andrew R. , Hess Nancy J. , LeGore V. L. , McCready D. E. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe solubility of synthetic becquerelite (Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O) was determined in 0.02, 0.1, and 0.5 M CaCl2solutions and at pCH+values ranging from approximately 4 to 11. The presence of becquerelite in equilibrated samples was confirmed by a combination of techniques involving X-ray diffraction, total chemical composition, and analyses of solubility data. The solubility data were interpreted using Pitzer's aqueous thermodynamic model and the thermodynamic data for U(VI) species available in the literature. The log of the solubility product for becquerelite [Ca(UO2)6O4(OH)6·8H2O + 14H+⇌ Ca2++ 6UO22++ 18H2O] was determined to be 41.4 ± 0.2. This value is similar to the values previously reported for other synthetic becquerelites, but is drastically different from a value reported for a natural sample.
Coprecipitation of thorium with UO2
Authors: Rousseau G. , Fattahi Massoud , Grambow Bernd , Boucher F. , Ouvrard G. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
Coprecipitation may be a significant process in controlling radionuclide (RN) release during spent fuel dissolution/reprecipitation in a breached geological disposal site by water. The objective of this work was to study the coprecipitation of thorium with UO2 as host phase under reducing conditions (pure N2 and E
h<-100 mV/SHE) as a function of pH and [Th]/[U] initial concentration ratio. For pH < 4, the final concentration of Th was found to be considerably lower than expected if pure phase, Th(OH)4(s) was formed. Coprecipitation phenomena and formation of solid solutions (U,Th)O2+x(s) are suggested to be responsible for the lower solubility concentrations. For pH > 4, the final concentrations seems to be similar to pure phase solubility.
Complex formation of calcium with humic acid and polyacrylic acid
Authors: Kirishima Akira , Tanaka K. , Niibori Yuichi , Tochiyama Osamu 
Published: September 2005

SummaryIn order to understand the migration behavior of radionuclides in the underground, it is also important to estimate the effect of the competing cations originally present in the groundwater. In this connection, the complexation of Ca(II) with Aldrich humic acid has been examined. For the study at trace concentrations (∼10−10M) of Ca(II), the solvent extraction of45Ca with TTA and TOPO in cyclohexane has been used. At macro concentrations (10−4M) of Ca(II), the measurement of the free Ca2+ion concentration with a calcium selective electrode has been conducted. To estimate the polyelectrolyte effect of humic acid separately from its heterogeneous composition effect, polyacrylic acid ([-CH2CH(COOH)-]n) has been selected as a representative of the homogeneous polymeric weak acids and its complexation with Ca(II) has also been examined. The values of logβαhave been obtained at pH 5∼7 in 0.1, 0.4 and 1.0 M NaCl, where βαis the apparent formation constants defined by βα=[ML]/([M][R]). In this definition, [ML] and [M] are the concentrations of bound and free Ca2+respectively, [R] is the concentration of dissociated proton exchanging sites. logβαof humate decreases from 2.19∼2.92 (depending on pH and ionic strength 1.0 <I< 0.4) at pCa= 10 to 1.98∼2.44 at pCa = 4, while the variation of pCa has no appreciable influence on the logβαof polyacrylate (1.36∼3.24 forI=0.1∼1.0). For both humate and polyacrylate, logβαdecreases linearly with log[Na+], where [Na+] is the bulk concentration of sodium ion. Their dependences of logβαon ionic strength are stronger than those of logβ of monomeric carboxylates such as oxalate and EDTA, indicating the large electrostatic effect of crowded negative charges on the macromolecules of humic or polyacrylic acid.
Complexation of americium with humic, fulvic and citric acids at high ionic strength
Authors: Wall N. A. , Borkowski M. , Chen J. , Choppin Gregory R. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
The stability constants of the Am3+ complexes of humic, fulvic and citric acids (HA, FA and Cit) were determined as a function of ionic strength (NaCl) using a solvent extraction technique. At a HA degree of ionization of 0.7 for the carboxylate groups, the Am-HA binding constant, logβ1, varies from 8.3 at I = 0.2 m to 7.2 at I = 6.0 m. The logβ1 of Am-Cit varies from 5.9 at I = 0.3 m to 5.10 at I = 5.0 m. Comparison of the binding constants of Am with HA, FA and Cit shows that, at high ionic strength, logβ1(AmCit) ≈ logβ1(AmFA) ≈ logβ1AmHA-1. Comparison of the values of other metals indicate that the logβ1 values for Cit can serve to estimate HA and FA.
Complexation of uranium(VI) with malonate at variable temperatures
Authors: Rao L. , Jiang J. , Zanonato P. , Di Bernardo P. , Bismondo A. , Garnov Alexander Yu. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
The complexation between uranium(VI) and malonate in 1.05 mol kg−1 NaClO4 was studied at variable temperatures (25, 35, 45, 55 and 70 °C). The formation constants of three successive complexes, UO2(OOCCH2COO), UO2(OOCCH2COO)2
2− and UO2(OOCCH2COO)3
4−, and the molar enthalpies of complexation were determined by potentiometry and calorimetry. The heat capacity of the complexation, Δ Co
p,m(MLj), is calculated to be 96 ± 12, 195 ± 15 and 267 ± 22 J K−1 mol−1 for j=1, 2 and 3, respectively. Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy helped to characterize the coordination modes in the complexes in solution. UV/Vis absorption and luminescence spectra at different temperatures provided qualitative information on the temperature effect. The effect of temperature on the complexation between uranium(VI) and malonate is discussed in terms of the electrostatic model and compared with the complexation between uranium(VI) and acetate.
The hydrolysis of uranium(VI)
Authors: Brown P. L. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryThe hydrolysis of uranium(VI) has been investigated in 0.10 mol dm−3NaClO4and KCl and 1.0 mol dm−3KNO3using the potentiometric technique. The results of the data analysis have been combined with data previously obtained from this laboratory and the literature to provide a more definitive description of the hydrolysis behaviour of uranium(VI). The species UO2OH+, (UO2)2(OH)22+, (UO2)3(OH)42+, (UO2)3(OH)5+and (UO2)4(OH)7+have been identified in nitrate media and all but the last of these species in chloride and perchlorate media. The differences in the complexation behaviour in the media may be due to oxoanion binding by the nitrate, a process which has also been observed for sulfate.
Corrosion and dissolution studies of UO2 containing α-emitters
Authors: Cobos J. , Havela L. , Rondinella V.V. , de Pablo Joan , Gouder T. , Glatz J.-P. , Carbol P. , Matzke Hj. 
Published: September 2005

Summary
Corrosion and dissolution of UO2 doped with short-lived α-emitters, the so called α-doped UO2, was investigated in leaching experiments combined with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. These experiments are part of an ongoing set of tests aiming at evaluating the effects of α-radiolysis on the dissolution of the UO2 spent fuel matrix when it will become exposed to groundwater in a deep final repository. Pellets of UO2 containing ∼10 and ∼0.1 wt.% 238Pu were used. These compositions simulate the α-radiation field of different types of commercial LWR spent fuel after different storage times. Undoped UO2 pellets were also used as reference. Static sequential leaching experiments in demineralised water at room temperature under anoxic conditions confirmed that higher fractions of uranium are released in the case of α-doped materials compared with undoped UO2. Relatively large amounts of plutonium were found in the leachate of the materials doped with 238Pu. Significant contributions to the total amount released of uranium were found in the rinse solutions of the leaching vessels. The evolution of the U(VI)/U(IV) ratio on the leached surfaces as a function of contact time was studied by deconvolution of the 4f7/2 uranium peak obtained from the XPS spectra. In the case of undoped UO2, after ∼1000 h of leaching the increase of the U(VI)/U(IV) ratio stabilized to a level corresponding to ∼UO2.33. The XPS results for both α-doped materials showed a continuing increase of the U(VI) fraction on the surface with increasing leaching times after the first ∼10 h. The rate of increase depended on the α-activity of the fuel sample, hence on the amount of radiolysis in the water. After ∼1000 h of leaching, essentially only U(VI) was detected on the surface of the high activity α-doped UO2. The presence of a yellowish layer of reprecipitated U(VI) phases covering the surface could be observed optically already after ∼100 h of leaching.
Radiolytic formation of Tc(IV) oxide colloids
Authors: Sekine Tsutomu , Narushima H. , Kino Y. , Kudo Hiroshi , Lin M. , Katsumura Y. 
Published: September 2005

SummaryTechnetium(IV) oxide colloids were radiolytically formed by γ irradiation of aqueous solutions of pertechnetate (TcO4−). Pertechnetate solutions (5.5×10−5-2.9×10−4M) were irradiated with bremsstrahlung from an electron linear accelerator at 40 and 17 °C. The color of irradiated solutions gradually changed to brownish black, suggesting the formation of Tc(IV) oxide colloids (TcO2·nH2O). A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the size of colloids distributed around 30 to 130 nm in diameter. The characteristic X-rays from technetium and oxygen were simultaneously detected from colloid particles at the TEM measurements. Round-shaped colloids were produced by irradiation at 40 °C, whereas irregular-shaped colloid particles composed of tiny particles (2 nm in diameter) were produced at 17 °C. The concentration of TcO4−in the target solution gradually decreased with an increase of the absorbed dose, corresponding to an increase of the colloid yield. The yield of colloids sharply increased in the solution deaerated by Ar bubbling before irradiation, but strongly suppressed in the solution saturated with oxygen (O2) or nitrous oxide (N2O) gas. The fact suggests that hydrated electrons play an important role in the course of the reduction of TcO4−and that Tc(IV) oxide colloids were formedviasuccessive disproportionation reactions of Tc(VI) and Tc(V). The formation mechanisms of Tc(IV) oxide colloids are discussed.