bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can we predict the influence of inflammation on voriconazole exposure? An overview
Authors: Boglione-Kerrien Christelle , Zerrouki Selim , Le Bot Audrey , Camus Christophe , Marchand Tony , Bellissant Eric , Tron Camille , Verdier Marie-Clémence , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Lemaitre Florian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal indicated for invasive fungal infections that exhibits a high degree of inter-individual and intra-individual pharmacokinetic variability. Voriconazole pharmacokinetics is non-linear, making dosage adjustments more difficult. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended by measurement of minimum plasma concentrations. Several factors are responsible for the high pharmacokinetic variability of voriconazole: age, feeding (which decreases absorption), liver function, genetic polymorphism of the CYP2C19 gene, drug interactions and inflammation. Invasive fungal infections are indeed very frequently associated with inflammation, which engenders a risk of voriconazole overexposure. Many studies have reviewed this topic in both the adult and paediatric populations, but few studies have focused on the specific point of the prediction, to evaluate the influence of inflammation on voriconazole pharmacokinetics. Predicting the impact of inflammation on voriconazole pharmacokinetics could help optimize antifungal therapy and improve patient management. This review summarizes the existing data on the influence of inflammation on voriconazole pharmacokinetics in adult populations. We also evaluate the role of C-reactive protein, the impact of inflammation on patient metabolic phenotypes, and the tools that can be used to predict the effect of inflammation on voriconazole pharmacokinetics.
In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives for the control of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, the causative agent of Petri disease in grapevines
Authors: de Souza Luciana M , Joaquim Angelica R , Gava Angelo , Ficagna Evandro , Almança Marcus A K , Andrade Saulo F , Fuentefria Alexandre M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim
This study evaluates the in vitro efficacy of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) derivatives in controlling the phytopathogenic fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora.

Methods and results
The in vitro tests assessed the susceptibility to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), checkerboard assay, mycelial growth (MG) inhibition, and EC50 determination. Among the seven agricultural fungicides tested, tebuconazole (TEB) displayed the lowest MIC, 1.01 µg mL−1, followed by captan (CAP), thiophanate methyl (TM), and mancozeb with MICs of 4.06, 5.46, and 10.62 µg mL−1, respectively. The 8HQ derivatives used in this study were clioquinol and PH 151 (PH) with MICs of 1.09 and 2.02 µg mL−1, respectively. PH associated with TEB and CAP showed synergism and inhibited 95.8% of MG at the highest dose. TEB inhibited 100% of MG at the three highest doses, while associated with PH exhibited the lowest EC50 (0.863 + 0.0381 µg mL−1).

Conclusions
We concluded that the 8HQ derivatives tested controlled effectively the P. chlamydospora in vitro. PH associated with CAP and TEB exhibited a synergistic effect. The association between PH and TM was considered indifferent.

Impact Statement
This study expands the list of active ingredients tested against P. chlamydospora, with the PH 151 and clioquinol derivatives being tested for the first time. The in vitro efficacy and synergistic action with other fungicides suggest a potential use as a grapevine wound protectant. This association makes it possible to reduce doses and increase the potency of both drugs, reducing the risk of resistance development and harm to humans and the environment.
Behavioral Health Screening and Follow-Up Services in Pediatric Trauma Centers Across the United States
Authors: Ridings Leigh E , Espeleta Hannah C , Litvitskiy Nicole , Higgins Kristen , Bravoco Olivia , Davidson Tatiana M , Streck Christian J , Kassam-Adams Nancy , Ruggiero Kenneth J 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Over 120,000 U.S. children are hospitalized for traumatic injury annually, a major risk factor for behavioral health problems such as acute/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Pediatric trauma centers (PTCs) are well positioned to address the recent mandate by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma to screen and refer for behavioral health symptoms. However, most PTCs do not provide screening or intervention, or use varying approaches. The objective of this mixed-methods study was to assess PTCs’ availability of behavioral health resources and identify barriers and facilitators to service implementation following pediatric traumatic injury (PTI).

Methods
Survey data were collected from 83 Level I (75%) and Level II (25%) PTC program managers and coordinators across 36 states. Semistructured, qualitative interviews with participants (N = 24) assessed the feasibility of implementing behavioral health education, screening, and treatment for PTI patients and caregivers.

Results
Roughly half of centers provide behavioral health screening, predominantly administered by nurses for acute stress/PTSD. Themes from qualitative interviews suggest that (1) service provision varies by behavioral health condition, resource, delivery method, and provider; (2) centers are enthusiastic about service implementation including screening, inpatient brief interventions, and follow-up assessment; but (3) require training and lack staff, time, and funding to implement services.

Conclusions
Sustainable, scalable, evidence-based service models are needed to assess behavioral health symptoms after PTI. Leadership investment is needed for successful implementation. Technology-enhanced, stepped-care approaches seem feasible and acceptable to PTCs to ensure the availability of personalized care while addressing barriers to sustainability.
Detangling Associations Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Diabetes Relationship Distress With Adolescents’ HbA1c
Authors: Abadula Fayo , Garretson Sydney , Okonkwo Nkemjika , LeStourgeon Lauren M , Jaser Sarah S 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective Previous research in families of children with type 1 diabetes demonstrates that maternal depressive symptoms are a known risk factor for poor diabetes outcomes. We sought to examine whether maternal diabetes relationship distress or maternal depressive symptoms were more strongly associated with adolescent glycemic outcomes.Methods Analyses were conducted using data from mothers who consented to screen for a behavioral intervention. The screener included the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Parent Diabetes Distress Scale, Parent/Teen Relationship Distress subscale. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was extracted from adolescents’ medical records.Results Our sample consisted of 390 maternal caregivers of adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 11–17. Screening data revealed that 35% of mothers reported clinically significant diabetes distress related to their relationship with their adolescents, and 14% of mothers reported clinically significant depressive symptoms. The adolescents of mothers who reported diabetes relationship distress had significantly higher mean HbA1c levels (9.7 ± 2.2%) compared to those whose mothers were not distressed (8.2 ± 1.8%, d = .72). Similarly, adolescents whose mothers reported clinically significant depressive symptoms had higher mean HbA1c levels (9.6 ± 2.4%) than those whose mothers were not depressed (8.6 ± 2.0%, d = .48). After adjusting for clinical and demographic factors, mothers’ reports of diabetes relationship distress were more strongly associated with adolescents’ HbA1c than maternal depressive symptoms.Conclusions Our findings suggest that screening for maternal distress—particularly distress related to the caregiver–adolescent relationship—could match families with psychosocial support or other resources to improve both psychosocial and glycemic outcomes.
Pathology, virulence-associated gene profiling, antimicrobial susceptibility, and pathogenicity of untypeable capsular serotypes of Pasteurella multocida isolated from slaughtered pigs of India
Authors: Sahoo Monalisa , Baloni Suraj , Thakor Jigarji C , Kumar Pradeep , Thomas Prasad , Nagaleekar Viswas K , Dhama Kuldeep , Singh Rajendra , Singh Karam P , Mani Saminathan , Qureshi Salauddin , Kumar Ajay , Patel Shailesh K , Biswal Jitendra K , Sahoo Nihar R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is widely distributed in all pig-rearing countries, affecting the economic viability and profitability of pig production. The present research highlights the molecular characterization and pathology of untypeable capsular serotypes of P. multocida in slaughtered pigs from prominent pig-rearing states of India. The prevalence of Pasteurellosis was 27.17% by Pasteurella multocida specific Pasteurella multocida specific PCR (PM-PCR). assay, while isolation rate was 7.62%. The microscopic lesions of bronchopneumonia, tonsillitis, and the presence of bacterial antigens in immunohistochemistry confirmed P. multocida with pathologies. In capsular typing, the majority of the isolates were untypeable with prevalence of 52.15% and 43.58% in molecular and microbiological methods, respectively. All the isolates showed the uniform distribution of virulence genes such as exbB, nanB, sodC, plpB, and oma87 (100%), while the variations were observed in ptfA, hasR, ptfA, pfhA, hsf-1, and plpE genes. The untypeable isolates showed higher prevalence of hsf-1 gene as compared to others. The untypeable serotypes showed a higher degree of resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin antibiotics. The mouse pathogenicity testing of untypeable capsular isolates confirmed its pathogenic potential. The higher frequency of pathogenic untypeable isolates with antibiotic resistance profile might pose a serious threat to the pigs, and therefore, preventive measures should be adopted for effective control.
A comparative analysis of quantitative detection methods for viable food-borne pathogens using RT-qPCR and PMA-qPCR
Authors: Wang Guoxiong , Nie Xinyin , Yang Lihong , Liao Hongmei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The accurate quantification of viable pathogens in food is crucial for ensuring food safety. This study mainly aimed to investigate the quantification of viable pathogens using PMA-qPCR and RT-qPCR, taking into account bacterial species, food matrices, and inactivation methods. The detection limit of PMA-qPCR for Salmonella serovars in simple matrices, such as culture broth, lake, or tap water, was found to be 102 cells per ml. Regarding the detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in culture broth, as well as Salmonella in more complex matrices, such as juices and lab-made broth, both methods exhibited a detection limit of 103 cells per ml. Besides that, in adverse situations, there was a risk of overestimating the number of viable pathogens using PMA-qPCR. In addition, a conspicuous discrepancy between the results of PMA-qPCR/RT-qPCR and those of the plate counting assay was observed when Salmonella was exposed to isopropanol, H2O2, NaClO, sonication, or thermosonication. This suggests that it may survive in a viable but non-culturable state and poses a challenge for accurate quantification of viable cells using plate counting assay. Therefore, the results obtained by RT-qPCR were more objective compared to PMA-qPCR due to potential influences from bacteria species, surrounding media, and inactivation methods.
Heckling, Free Speech, and Freedom of Association
Authors: McTernan Emily , Simpson Robert Mark 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
People sometimes use speech to interfere with other people’s speech, as in the case of a heckler sabotaging a lecture with constant interjections. Some people claim that such interference infringes upon free speech. Against this view, we argue that where competing speakers in a public forum both have an interest in speaking, free speech principles should not automatically give priority to the ‘official’ speaker. Given the ideals underlying free speech, heckling speech sometimes deserves priority. But what can we say, then, about situations in which heckling clearly seems to infringe upon people’s civil liberties, in a way that intuitively justifies intervention? In such cases, we argue, heckling infringes upon people’s associative freedom. We present and defend an ethical framework for the institutional management of ‘Speech Fights’, geared around this insight.
Long-term hard X-ray variability properties of Swift-BAT blazars
Authors: Mundo Sergio A , Mushotzky Richard 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present results from the first dedicated study in the time domain of the hard X-ray variability behaviour of blazars on long time-scales based on ∼13 yr of continuous hard X-ray data in the 14–195 keV band. We use monthly binned data from the recent 157-month Swift-BAT (Burst Alert Telescope) catalogue to characterize the hard X-ray variability of 127 blazars and search for potential differences between the variability of BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs) and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs). A significant portion of the blazars in the sample (∼37 per cent) do not show statistically significant hard X-ray variability on monthly time-scales, which is deeply at odds with previous studies that show that blazars are highly variable in the X-rays and other energy bands on a wide range of time-scales. We also find that, on average, the FSRQs and BL Lacs for which we do detect variability exhibit similar flux variability; this suggests that the variability in these FSRQs is not necessarily driven by variations in the source function of scattered external radiation arriving from extended regions, and that it is instead possibly driven by processes that lead to variations in particle injection. In addition, only five blazars in our sample show significant spectral variability in the long-term light curves. For three blazars, we find that a power law that changes slope on monthly time-scales is sufficient to characterize the variable hard X-ray spectrum, suggesting that, at least for some bright blazars, the long-term spectra in the hard X-rays may be described in a relatively simple fashion.
Dissecting a 30 kpc galactic outflow at z ~ 1.7
Authors: Shaban Ahmed , Bordoloi Rongmon , Chisholm John , Rigby Jane R , Sharma Soniya , Sharon Keren , Tejos Nicolas , Bayliss Matthew B , Barrientos L Felipe , Lopez Sebastian , Ledoux Cédric , Gladders Michael G , Florian Michael K 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the spatially resolved measurements of a cool galactic outflow in the gravitationally lensed galaxy RCS0327 at z ≈ 1.703 using VLT/MUSE IFU observations. We probe the cool outflowing gas, traced by blueshifted Mg ii and Fe ii absorption lines, in 15 distinct regions of the same galaxy in its image-plane. Different physical regions, 5 – 7 kpc apart within the galaxy, drive the outflows at different velocities (Vout ∼ −161 to −240 km s−1), and mass outflow rates ($\dot{M}_{out} \sim 183$ – 527 ${\rm M}_{\odot }\, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$). The outflow velocities from different regions of the same galaxy vary by 80 km s−1, which is comparable to the variation seen in a large sample of star-burst galaxies in the local universe. Using multiply lensed images of RCS0327, we probe the same star-forming region at different spatial scales (0.5–25 kpc2), we find that outflow velocities vary between ∼ −120 and −242 km s−1, and the mass outflow rates vary between ∼37 and 254 ${\rm M}_{\odot }\, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. The outflow momentum flux in this galaxy is ≥ 100% of the momentum flux provided by star formation in individual regions, and outflow energy flux is ≈ 10% of the total energy flux provided by star formation. These estimates suggest that the outflow in RCS0327 is energy driven. This work shows the importance of small scale variations of outflow properties due to the variations of local stellar properties of the host galaxy in the context of galaxy evolution.
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument: one-dimensional power spectrum from first Ly α forest samples with Fast Fourier Transform
Authors: Ravoux Corentin , Abdul Karim Marie Lynn , Armengaud Eric , Walther Michael , Karaçaylı Naim Göksel , Martini Paul , Guy Julien , Aguilar Jessica Nicole , Ahlen Steven , Bailey Stephen , Bautista Julian , Beltran Sergio Felipe , Brooks David , Cabayol-Garcia Laura , Chabanier Solène , Chaussidon Edmond , Chaves-Montero Jonás , Dawson Kyle , de la Cruz Rodrigo , de la Macorra Axel , Doel Peter , Fanning Kevin , Font-Ribera Andreu , Forero-Romero Jaime , Gontcho A Gontcho Satya , Gonzalez-Morales Alma X , Gordon Calum , Herrera-Alcantar Hiram K , Honscheid Klaus , Iršič Vid , Ishak Mustapha , Kehoe Robert , Kisner Theodore , Kremin Anthony , Landriau Martin , Le Guillou Laurent , Levi Michael , Lukić Zarija , Magneville Christophe , Meisner Aaron , Miquel Ramon , Moustakas John , Mueller Eva-Maria , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Andrea , Napolitano Lucas , Nie Jundan , Niz Gustavo , Palanque-Delabrouille Nathalie , Percival Will , Pérez-Ràfols Ignasi , Pieri Matthew , Poppett Claire , Prada Francisco , Ramírez Pérez César , Rossi Graziano , Sanchez Eusebio , Schlegel David , Schubnell Michael , Seo Hee-Jong , Sinigaglia Francesco , Tan Ting , Tarlé Gregory , Wang Ben , Weaver Benjamin , Yèche Christophe , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWe present the one-dimensional Ly α forest power spectrum measurement using the first data provided by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The data sample comprises 26 330 quasar spectra, at redshift z &gt; 2.1, contained in the DESI Early Data Release and the first 2 months of the main survey. We employ a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) estimator and compare the resulting power spectrum to an alternative likelihood-based method in a companion paper. We investigate methodological and instrumental contaminants associated with the new DESI instrument, applying techniques similar to previous Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) measurements. We use synthetic data based on lognormal approximation to validate and correct our measurement. We compare our resulting power spectrum with previous SDSS and high-resolution measurements. With relatively small number statistics, we successfully perform the FFT measurement, which is already competitive in terms of the scale range. At the end of the DESI survey, we expect a five times larger Ly α forest sample than SDSS, providing an unprecedented precise one-dimensional power spectrum measurement.
A multishock scenario for the formation of radio relics
Authors: Smolinski David C , Wittor Denis , Vazza Franco , Brüggen Marcus 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Radio relics are giant sources of diffuse synchrotron radio emission in the outskirts of galaxy clusters that are associated with shocks in the intracluster medium. Still, the origin of relativistic particles that make up relics is not fully understood. For most relics, diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of thermal electrons is not efficient enough to explain observed radio fluxes. In this paper, we use a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of galaxy clusters in combination with Lagrangian tracers to simulate the formation of radio relics. Using a Fokker–Planck solver to compute the energy spectra of relativistic electrons, we determine the synchrotron emission of the relic. We find that re-acceleration of fossil electrons plays a major role in explaining the synchrotron emission of radio relics. Particles that pass through multiple shocks contribute significantly to the overall luminosity of a radio relic and greatly boost the effective acceleration efficiency. Furthermore, we find that the assumption that the luminosity of a radio relic can be explained with DSA of thermal electrons leads to an overestimate of the acceleration efficiency by a factor of more than 103.
Signatures of cosmic ray heating in 21-cm observables
Authors: Gessey-Jones T , Fialkov A , de Lera Acedo E , Handley W J , Barkana R 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Cosmic rays generated by supernovae carry away a significant portion of the lifetime energy emission of their parent star, making them a plausible mechanism for heating the early universe intergalactic medium (IGM). Following a review of the existing literature on cosmic ray heating, we develop a flexible model of this heating mechanism for use in 3D seminumerical 21-cm signal simulations and conduct the first investigations of the signatures it imprints on the 21-cm power spectrum and tomographic maps. We find that cosmic ray heating of the IGM is short-ranged, leading to heating clustered around star-forming sites, and a sharp contrast between heated regions of 21-cm emission and unheated regions of absorption. This contrast results in greater small-scale power for cosmic ray heated scenarios compared to what is found for X-ray heating, thus suggesting a way to test the nature of IGM heating with future 21-cm observations. Finally, we find an unexpectedly rich thermal history in models where cosmic rays can only escape efficiently from low-mass haloes, such as in scenarios where these energetic particles originate from population III star supernovae remnants. The interplay of heating and the Lyman–Werner feedback in these models can produce a local peak in the IGM kinetic temperature and, for a limited parameter range, a flattened absorption trough in the global 21-cm signal.
Signatures of a spinning supermassive black hole binary on the mas-scale jet of the quasar S5 1928+738 based on 25 yr of VLBI data
Authors: Kun E , Britzen S , Frey S , Gabányi K É , Gergely L Á 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
In a previous work, we have identified the spin of the dominant black hole of a binary from its jet properties. Analysing Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of the quasar S5 1928+738, taken at 15-GHz during 43 epochs between 1995.96 and 2013.06, we showed that the inclination angle variation of the inner (&lt;2 mas) jet symmetry axis naturally decomposes into a periodic and a monotonic contribution. The former emerges due to the Keplerian orbital evolution, while the latter is interpreted as the signature of the spin-orbit precession of the jet emitting black hole. In this paper, we revisit the analysis of the quasar S5 1928+738 by including new 15-GHz VLBA observations extending over 29 additional epochs, between 2013.34 and 2020.89. The extended data set confirms our previous findings which are further supported by the flux density variation of the jet. By applying an enhanced jet precession model that can handle arbitrary spin orientations κ with respect to the orbital angular momentum of a binary supermassive black hole system, we estimate the binary mass ratio as ν = 0.21 ± 0.04 for κ = 0 (i.e. when the spin direction is perpendicular to the orbital plane) and as ν = 0.32 ± 0.07 for κ = π/2 (i.e. when the spin lies in the orbital plane). We estimate more precisely the spin precession velocity, halving its uncertainty from $(-0.05\pm 0.02)$ to $(-0.04\pm 0.01)^{\circ }\, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$.