bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing State‐of‐the‐Art Gas Sensors: From Fundamentals to Applications
Authors: Humayun Muhammad , Bououdina Mohamed , Usman Muhammad , Khan Abbas , Luo Wei , Wang Chundong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGas sensors are crucial in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnostics. Due to the rising demand for precise and reliable gas detection, there is a rising demand for cutting‐edge gas sensors that possess exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Due to their tunable electrical properties, high‐density surface‐active sites, and significant surface‐to‐volume ratio, nanomaterials have been extensively investigated in this regard. The traditional gas sensors utilize homogeneous material for sensing where the adsorbed surface oxygen species play a vital role in their sensing activity. However, their performance for selective gas sensing is still unsatisfactory because the employed high temperature leads to the poor stability. The heterostructures nanomaterials can easily tune sensing performance and their different energy band structures, work functions, charge carrier concentration and polarity, and interfacial band alignments can be precisely designed for high‐performance selective gas sensing at low temperature. In this review article, we discuss in detail the fundamentals of semiconductor gas sensing along with their mechanisms. Further, we highlight the existed challenges in semiconductor gas sensing. In addition, we review the recent advancements in semiconductor gas sensor design for applications from different perspective. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives for improvement of the gas sensing performance are discussed.
The bio‐control potential of Alcaligenes aquatilis against its associated cyanobacteria Lyngbya aestuarii
Authors: Dash Karisma , Panda Bhabatarini 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria show many similarities in their structure but are different based on their nutritional habits. Autotrophic cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria coexist closely in their natural environments and are capable of a variety of interactions (synergistic, neutral, and antagonistic) due to the secretion of growth‐promoting/retarding (toxin) substances by the bacterial partner. In this study, the cyanobacteria Lyngbya aestuarii and its associated bacteria Alcaligenes aquatilis isolated from the mangrove water of Bhitarkanika showed an antagonistic interaction. The growth of axenic and co‐cultured (1:1; cyanobacteria to bacteria) cyanobacteria was examined under photoautotrophic conditions, to evaluate the interactions between the two groups. The bacteria were found to have cellulase and protease activity and were able to obstruct the growth of cyanobacteria under co‐culture conditions. Besides that, the bacteria secrete many allelochemicals like phenol, tannin, amino acids (alanine and aspartic acid), and hydroxamate siderophore to its surroundings which inhibit the growth and metabolism of the cyanobacteria under co‐cultured conditions. Findings from this study indicate its possible application for wastewater management.
Incorporating Decodable Books into an Early Grades Literacy Curriculum: Tensions and New Learnings from One Teacher
Authors: Elson Kerry , Pennell Ashley , Jordan Rebecca Payne , Nash Kindel Turner , Trathen Woodrow 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, one teacher shares her journey using decodable books with her culturally and linguistically diverse students, documenting new understandings and tensions that she has encountered. Four literacy teacher educators augment the teacher's story by connecting it with the current literature on literacy and decodable books. After reading this article, readers will walk away with a stronger understanding of how and when to use decodable books with beginning readers, as well as concrete ideas and resources to support incorporating decodable books into the early grades literacy curriculum.
Pre‐analytical stability of selected biochemical analytes in serum of horses and oxen stored at −20°C
Authors: Megerssa Yoseph Cherinet , Gari Fikru Regassa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDelays between blood collection and analysis are inevitable, and samples are always stored in the refrigerator. The current study aimed to evaluate the stability of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), total protein (TP), albumin and urea (URA) in horses and oxen after storage at −20°C.MethodsSera from apparently healthy 20 male horses and 20 oxen were obtained and aliquots of serum were divided into 3 portions. The first tube was used for baseline (T0) measurement of analyte values, whereas the other two tubes, T1 and T2, were stored at −20°C for 1 and 2 months, respectively, and analyte measurement was done.ResultsResults showed that the stability of TP (g/dL), URA (mg/dL) and TC (mg/dL) in oxen was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In horses, the stability of URA (mg/dL), TP (g/dL) and TG (mg/dL) were also statistically significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, URA and TC in oxen exceed TEa following measurement at T2 and TG in horses following measurement at T1 and T2.ConclusionLaboratories should consider the storage temperature and time for specific analytes among animals. Therefore, stability studies at various storage temperatures and times are recommended to fully validate the stability of the analytes.
A survey of parasitic infections in Psittaciformes and Passeriformes in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Abbaszadeh Mojtaba , Lotfalizadeh Narges , Khedri Javad , Razmi Gholamreza , Borji Hassan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe health, growth and fertility of avian species can be negatively affected by parasite infection. This survey assesses the presence, variety and distribution of internal and external parasites among parrots and perching birds in Mashhad, Iran. This study examined 751 caged pet birds from different species and regions in Mashhad for faecal samples and 132 oral swabs for digestive tract parasites. Furthermore, skin scrapings were conducted on 14 canaries displaying dishevelled feathers. During the study, mortalities and moribund birds that had been referred underwent necropsies to examine internal parasites. Following the formol ether faecal examination, only one Malango parrot tested positive for Heterakoidea eggs among 751 faecal samples (0.13%). Further, one cockatiel showed evidence of parasitic infection with Eimeria spp. (0.13%). However, neither Cryptosporidium nor Giardia protozoa were detected in the samples (0%). Oral swabs revealed no evidence of Trichomonas (0%). On the other hand, skin scraping revealed the presence of the mite Dermanyssus in 7 out of 14 canaries with dishevelled feathers (50%). Of 25 moribund and weak budgerigars, 2 were infected with Acuaria in their proventriculus (8%). In addition, 3 out of 14 deceased myna birds carried the nematode Diplotriana in their coelomic cavities (21.42%). In conclusion, the rate of internal parasites has been relatively low in ornamental birds of Mashhad, whereas the prevalence of external parasites has been higher.
Uterine horn intussusception in immediate post‐partum in a Pomeranian Spitz dog
Authors: Mashhadi Mehrdad , Ganjiani Vahid , Bigham‐Sadegh Amin , Shafiee Amir‐Hossein 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 2‐year‐old Pomeranian‐Spitz dog (5.8 kg) was admitted with symptoms of uterine prolapse and lethargy 1 day after whelping three puppies. The prolapsed uterus was corrected, but the next day, prolapse reoccurred. To fix the cervix to the abdominal wall, the dog underwent a surgery operation where intussusception in the left horn of the uterus was found. Ovariohysterectomy was performed as the treatment of choice. The diagnosis of intussusception is challenging, and exploratory laparotomy is the reliable diagnostic approach. Although uterine intussusception is rare, it should be one of the important considerations in dogs within the post‐partum period.
Investigating the effect of sesame meal replacement for soybean meal in diets with different levels of calcium and phytase enzyme in broiler chickens
Authors: Aziz‐Aliabadi Fatemeh , Amirzadeh‐Garou Fariba , Hassanabadi Ahmad , Noruzi Hadi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs a major part of the cost of broiler farms is related to their feed, breeders are looking for diets at a reasonable price. One of these affordable ingredients is sesame meal (SM), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM) in diets.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the effect of replacing SBM with SM in diets with different levels of calcium (Ca) and phytase (Phy) during the grower (11–24 days), finisher (25–42 days) and whole phases (11–42 days) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood serum parameters of broiler chickens.MethodsA total of 600 1‐day‐old Ross 308 broiler male chicks were randomly dispensed to 12 dietary treatments with five replicates (10 birds per replicate) based on a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 2 × 2 with 3 levels of SM (0%, 10% and 20%), 2 levels of Ca (standard (0.87% and 0.79% for grower and finisher phases, respectively) and 0.2% higher than the standard amount) and 2 levels of Phy (0 and 700 FTU/kg diet).ResultsDuring the study, the significant effects of SM, Ca and Phy on the daily average body weight gain (DAWG) and daily feed intake (DFI) were observed, whereas for the feed conversion ratio, only the effect of SM was significant (p < 0.05). During the finisher and whole phases, the SM and Ca levels influenced the DAWG and DFI, whereas the interaction between Phy and Ca was also significant for DAWG (p < 0.05). The main effects of SM and Ca on the relative weights of breast, heart and liver were significant (p < 0.05). Application of 20% of SM significantly reduced serum Ca concentration (p < 0.05).ConclusionGenerally, the inclusion of more than 10% of SM in the broilers diet is not recommended. In addition, the use of Phy and Ca levels 0.2% higher than standard in broilers diet could improve the birds’ performance.
Serological investigation of seven zoonotic pathogens in companion dogs in South Korea, 2018–2021
Authors: Song Yun‐Qi , Hong Seol‐Ok , Park Woo Bin , Kim Suji , Lee Eun‐Seo , Choen Doo‐Sung , Yoo Han Sang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBased on the current situation of Korean culture and society, the population of companion animals in South Korea is growing rapidly along with zoonotic risks. The current data regarding zoonotic infections in companion dogs reported in Korea is sparse. This study aims to investigate the seroprevalence of seven potential zoonotic pathogens in companion dogs in South Korea: Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdoferi, Ehrlichia canis, Coxiella burnetii, Brucella canis, Leptospira spp. and canine influenza A virus. A total of 284 serum samples were collected from 2018 to 2021, and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against 7 zoonotic pathogens were detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Samples were divided into five groups and analysed based on age. IgG antibodies against six of the seven pathogens were detected. The highest seropositivity rate was detected for canine influenza A virus exposure (59.1%) for which the rates were the highest in dogs under 1 year old and declined with age. Positivity rates of the other pathogens were relatively low: 1.76% for Leptospira spp., 1.40% for A. phagocytophilum and E. canis, 1.06% for B. canis and 0.35% for B. burgdoferi. No antibodies against C. burnetii were detected in this study. The exposure of dogs in South Korea to six zoonotic pathogens was serologically confirmed, highlighting a potential risk for human infection. The zoonotic risk of companion dogs cannot be neglected, and implementation of One Health approach should be advocated to establish effective preventive measures.
Participation and co‐production in climate adaptation: Scope and limits identified from a meta‐method review of research with European coastal communities
Authors: Sartorius Julian V. , Geddes Alistair , Gagnon Alexandre S. , Burnett Kathryn A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs climate change impacts increase, there are growing calls for strengthening relationships between researchers and other stakeholders to advance adaptation efforts. Participation and co‐production are widely held to be key to such relationships, both intended to open substantive engagement in science and research to non‐experts. Gains commonly attributed to participation and co‐production include improved understanding of user needs and contexts, enhanced trust, creating actionable knowledge for adaptation planning and decision‐making, and other new outcomes and practices supporting adaptation progress. At the same time, scrutiny of existing efforts to use participation and co‐production reveals limits and gaps in understanding the conditions and processes required to undertake them in meaningful, appropriate, and effective ways. This review assesses such limitations and gaps across the growing volume of research focused on adapting coastal and island communities within Europe. We systematically reviewed 60 peer‐reviewed papers, drawing on a novel meta‐method review approach to synthesize patterns in participation and co‐production implementations, types of outcomes, and the latter's associations with study research designs. We identify a propensity toward using more simplistic definitions of community, more conventional, extractive research methods in working with study communities, and emphasizing knowledge generation over other outcomes. These issues are all limits on participation and co‐production effectiveness, and we make recommendations to reduce them. We also recommend further recourse to systematic review methods to aid the development of participation and co‐production knowledge for adaptation.This article is categorized under:
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change
Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Perceptions of Climate Change
Climate and Development > Social Justice and the Politics of Development
Kinematic Hopf algebra for amplitudes from higher-derivative operators
Authors: Chen Gang , Rodina Laurentiu , Wen Congkao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Recently it has been shown that Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) numerators of colour-kinematic duality for tree-level scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills theory (coupled with scalars) can be determined using a quasi-shuffle Hopf algebra. In this paper we consider the same theory, but with higher-derivative corrections of the forms α′F3 and α′2F4, where F is the field strength. In the heavy mass limit of the scalars, we show that the BCJ numerators of these higher-derivative theories are governed by the same Hopf algebra. In particular, the kinematic algebraic structure is unaltered and the derivative corrections only arise when mapping the abstract algebraic generators to physical BCJ numerators. The underlying kinematic Hopf algebra enables us to obtain a compact expression for the BCJ numerators of any number of gluons and two heavy scalars for amplitudes with higher-derivative operators. The pure gluon BCJ numerators can also be obtained from our results by a simple factorisation limit where the massive particles decouple.
Scalar-graviton amplitudes and celestial holography
Authors: Ball Adam , De Shounak , Srikant Akshay Yelleshpur , Volovich Anastasia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We compute scattering amplitudes involving one massive scalar and two, three, or four gravitons. We show that when the conformal dimension of the massive scalar is set to zero, the resulting celestial correlators depend only on the coordinates of the gravitons. Such correlators of gravitons are well-defined and do not suffer from divergences associated with the Mellin transform of usual graviton amplitudes. Moreover, they are non-distributional and take the form of standard CFT correlators. We show that they are consistent with the usual OPEs but the statement of the soft theorem is modified.
Entire Monogenic Functions of Given Proximate Order and Continuous Homomorphisms
Authors: Colombo Fabrizio , Krausshar Rolf Soeren , Pinton Stefano , Sabadini Irene 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInfinite order differential operators appear in different fields of mathematics and physics. In the past decade they turned out to play a crucial role in the theory of superoscillations and provided new insight in the study of the evolution as initial data for the Schrödinger equation. Inspired by the infinite order differential operators arising in quantum mechanics, in this paper we investigate the continuity of a class of infinite order differential operators acting on spaces of entire hyperholomorphic functions. Precisely, we consider homomorphisms acting on functions in the kernel of the Dirac operator. For this class of functions, often called monogenic functions, we introduce the proximate order and prove some fundamental properties. As an important application, we are able to characterize infinite order differential operators that act continuously on spaces of monogenic entire functions.
Complexity of the multiobjective minimum weight minimum stretch spanner problem
Authors: Bökler Fritz , Jasper Henning 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we take an in-depth look at the complexity of a hitherto unexplored multiobjective minimum weight minimum stretch spanner problem; or in short multiobjective spanner (MSp) problem. The MSp is a multiobjective generalization of the well-studied minimum t-spanner problem. This multiobjective approach allows to find solutions that offer a viable compromise between cost and utility—a property that is usually neglected in singleobjective optimization. Thus, the MSp can be a powerful modeling tool when it comes to, e.g., the planning of transportation or communication networks. This holds especially in disaster management, where both responsiveness and practicality are crucial. We show that for degree-3 bounded outerplanar instances the MSp is intractable and computing the non-dominated set is BUCO-hard. Additionally, we prove that if $${\textbf{P}} \ne \textbf{NP}$$

P
≠
NP

, the set of extreme points cannot be computed in output-polynomial time, for instances with unit costs and arbitrary graphs. Furthermore, we consider the directed versions of the cases above.
Convolutional neural network-support vector machine-based approach for identification of wheat hybrids
Authors: Sonmez Mesut Ersin , Sabanci Kadir , Aydin Nevzat 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSelecting wheat hybrids is vital for enhancing crop yield, adapting to changing climates, and ensuring food security. These hybrids align with market demands and sustainable farming practices, contributing to efficient crop management. Traditional methods for wheat hybrid selection, such as molecular techniques, are costly and time-consuming, and are prone to human error. However, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning offer non-destructive, objective, and more efficient solutions. This study is explored the classification of wheat varieties and hybrids using two deep learning models, MobileNetv2 and GoogleNet. These models are achieved impressive classification accuracy, with MobileNetv2 reaching 99.26% and GoogleNet achieving 97.41%. In the second scenario, the deep features obtained from these models are classified with Support Vector Machine (SVM). In the classification made with the MobileNetv2-SVM hybrid model, an accuracy of 99.91% is achieved. This study is provided rapid and accurate wheat variety and hybrid identification method, as well as contributing to breeding programs and crop management.
Xylanase treatment of eucalypt kraft pulps: effect of carryover
Authors: Matos José M. S. , Evtuguin Dmitry V. , de Sousa António P. Mendes , Carvalho M. Graça V. S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The influence of pulp carryover on the efficiency of the xylanase (X) treatment of industrial unbleached and oxygen-delignified eucalypt kraft pulps (A1 and A2 pulps, with kappa number (KN) values of 16 and 10, respectively), collected at the same pulp mill, was studied regarding the consumption of bleaching chemicals and pulp bleachability. Another non-oxygen-delignified eucalyptus kraft pulp of KN 13 was received after the extended cooking from a different pulp mill (pulp B). The assays were performed with both lab-washed (carryover-free) and unwashed (carryover-rich) pulps. Both lab-washed and unwashed pulps with carryover were subjected to X treatment, the former being demonstrating considerably higher ClO2 savings than the pulps containing carryover. The savings of bleaching reagents were higher when the X stage was applied to the A1 pulp than to the A2 pulp. This advantage of A1 pulp, however, was not confirmed when using unwashed pulps. In contrast, the gains obtained from the X treatment of unwashed pulp A2 were practically as high as those observed for the lab-washed A2 pulp. Furthermore, a similar effect in X stage was recorded for unwashed pulps having close KN: oxygen-delignified A2 pulp and non-oxygen-delignified B pulp. The results suggest that pulp carryover and initial pH were the key factors relating to the effectiveness of X treatment. The application of X treatment to the A2 unwashed pulp (after the oxygen stage) not only saved 20% of the ClO2 and 10% of the sodium hydroxide, but also improved the brightness stability of the bleached pulp without affecting its papermaking properties.

Key points
• Xylanase treatment boosts kraft pulp bleaching
• Pulp carryover hinders the xylanase treatment
• Nearly 20% of ClO2 and 10% NaOH savings can be reached using xylanase
Eine Plattform zur Erstellung und Verwendung komplexer virtualisierter IT-Strukturen in Lehre und Forschung mit Open Source Software
Authors: Baun Christian , Kappes Martin , Cocos Henry-Norbert , Koch Malte Martin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel wird eine an der Frankfurt University of Sciences entwickelte virtuelle Plattform für die Hochschullehre beschrieben, die insbesondere die Erstellung und Verwendung komplexer IT-Strukturen auch für Nichtexperten erlaubt. Bisher waren komplexe Netzwerkstrukturen in der Lehre meist weder virtuell noch physisch mit vertretbarem Aufwand realisierbar, obwohl sie zentraler Bestandteil fundamentaler Lehrveranstaltungen wie Rechnernetze, Verteilte Systeme oder IT-Sicherheit sind. Die hier beschriebene Plattform ermöglicht ein flexibles und praxisnahes Angebot für Dozenten, Wissenschaftler und Studentinnen und Studenten zugleich, indem kurzfristig und einfach komplexe IT-Infrastrukturen virtuell verfügbar gemacht werden. Sie bietet so neue Möglichkeiten zur Gestaltung und Nutzbarmachung virtueller Ressourcen und basiert ausschließlich auf freien Softwarekomponenten. Eingesetzt werden u. a. die Hypervisor-Technologie Proxmox Virtual Environment, die zusammen mit der verteilten Speicherlösung Ceph als Objektspeicherdienst eine Virtualisierungsplattform zur Bereitstellung virtueller Ressourcen anbietet.