bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between physical activity patterns and quality of life in Japanese adults aged 85 to 89 years: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Muramatsu Yasuaki , Oguma Yuko , Abe Yukiko , Hara Azusa , Urushihara Hisashi , Arai Yasumichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Associations between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QOL) are usually studied in people in their 60s and 70s, and little is known about them in older age groups.We evaluated the association between PA and QOL in Japanese adults aged 85-89 years and revealed the PA patterns in this population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study (n = 914) used baseline data from the Kawasaki Aging and Well-being Project (KAWP), a longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85-89 years. QOL was assessed using the EuroQoL 5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) and the WHO Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). PA was objectively and subjectively measured using a triaxial accelerometer and modified Zutphen Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively. Associations were analyzed using multivariable regression analysis.
Results
The higher PA was significantly associated with a higher EQ-5D-5L index score (coefficient, 0.004; 95%CI, 0.001-0.008). In contrast, no association was observed between PA and the WHO-5 total score (coefficient, 0.103; 95%CI, -0.066-0.271). Calisthenics were the most commonly performed sports or exercises (27.4% of male and 47.6% of female participants). In the subgroup of participants with >median PA, the following sports/exercises were more frequently performed in addition to calisthenics; resistance trainingand others among male participants: stretching/yoga among female participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that PA is associated with a better health-related QOL; however, no association was observed between PA and psychological well-being in this population. More physically active older adults perform several types of sports and exercises in addition to calisthenics.
The Viral Warfare – Uncovering the Connection between Conspiracy Theories on COVID and the War in Ukraine
Authors: Krekó Peter , Orosz Gábor , Faragó Laura , Zsila Ágnes 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
During times of crisis, conspiracy theories tend to proliferate – especially in polarized political environments. Existing research has shown that both the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine have spawned a surge in conspiracy theories. However, there is a notable gap in academic research concerning the interconnection between these two sets of conspiracy theories. Our preregistered representative survey study conducted in Hungary (N = 1000) investigates the interconnections between conspiracy theories about COVID-19 and the war in Ukraine, and the moderating role of trust, conspiracy mentality, political preference, and socio-demographic variables in this relationship. Hungary, a nation marked by exceptionally high levels of tribal polarization, and plagued by pervasive disinformation presents an ideal case for examining the polarizing nature of conspiracy theories. Contrary to the prevailing notion that a generalized mistrust links unrelated conspiracy theories, the research finds that specific, logically unrelated conspiracy theories can be horizontally connected to each other. We found that conspiracy theories about COVID-19 and vaccines were strongly related to conspiracy theories about the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This relationship persists independently of party preference, and neither mistrust in media nor Conspiracy Mentality can explain this relationship. Surprisingly, trust in domestic media positively predicted war-related conspiracy beliefs. These results, even if correlational, raise the possibility that conspiracy theories about COVID-19 (which preceded the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022) could serve as a "gateway theory," leading to the acceptance of war-related conspiracies. Our findings, in line with some previous research on “gateway theories” and the monological nature of conspiracy theories, suggest that communication interventions should address specific narratives rather than solely focusing on the “root cause” such as mistrust in institutions – which not always go hand in hand with conspiracy theorizing. Furthermore, building trust in official sources may worsen the problem in contexts where mainstream media spreads conspiracy theories. Thus, a nuanced, context-sensitive communication approach is essential in combating conspiracy theories effectively.
Elevated hair cortisol levels associated with cardiovascular risks in a large middle-aged Swedish population
Authors: FARESJÖ Åshild OLSEN , Theodorsson Elvar , Stomby Andreas , Quist Helena , Jones Michael P. , Östgren Carl Johan , Dahlqvist Per , Faresjö Tomas 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this population-based study of long-term stress exposure measured by hair cortisol (HCC), a cohort of 4 821 Swedish middle-aged people was analysed in relation to cardiovascular risks and diseases. The study shows that HCC was significantly associated with the major classical cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension and elevated cholesterol. Those with elevated HCC levels also had a significantly increased pre-history of myocardial infarction, Type 2 diabetes, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and coronary bypass surgery or PCI. Furthermore, HCC was strongly associated with risk markers like glucose levels, leukocytes, and high-sensitivity CRP, all with values above the reference intervals. These findings indicate a linkage between HCC and inflammation and the bodily immune defense. Altogether, these analyses of HCC in a large middle-aged population indicate that chronically elevated cortisol levels represent a relevant and significant factor associated with cardiovascular diseases and classical cardiovascular risk factors.
Dysphoric milk ejection reflex among Japanese mothers: A self-administered questionnaire survey
Authors: Moriyama Yukako , Nakao Yuko , Yamamoto Naoko , Oki Toshimichi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The dysphoric milk ejection reflex (D-MER) is a reflexive symptom that causes temporary discomfort during milk ejection. D-MER is a symptom that develops due to the influence of hormones involved in lactation, and it has been reported that it is a physiological symptom different from postpartum depression, but the actual situation is often unknown even in Japan.
Methods
This study was conducted using a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire survey of mothers of children who had undergone health checkups at 3 years of age at five health centers in city A, and aimed to clarify the reality and perceptions of mothers regarding D-MER. The questionnaires were distributed to 389 mothers, and 216 (55.5% recovery rate) responses were received, of which 202 (valid response rate 93.5%) were included in the analysis.
Results
Regarding the experience of D-MER, mothers in the study population had given birth to a total of 403 children, and experienced D-MER when breastfeeding 62 (15.4%) of them. Among the 202 mothers included in the analysis, 47 (23.3%) answered that they had experienced D-MER at least once while breastfeeding. Sixty-six mothers (32.7%) knew about D-MER. Compared to those who had not experienced D-MER, those who had experienced D-MER had significantly higher scores on the items of having had trouble breastfeeding (odds ratio [OR]: 3.774, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.566–9.093, p = 0.003) and knowing about D-MER (OR: 2.409, 95% CI: 1.199–4.841, p = 0.014). Regarding symptoms, irritability (n = 24, 51.1%), anxiety (n = 22, 46.8%), and sadness (n = 18, 38.3%) ranked high. Coping strategies included distraction, focusing on the child, and in some cases cessation of breastfeeding. Thirty mothers (63.8%) answered that they did not consult anyone when they experienced D-MER, citing reasons such as no one would likely understand their symptoms and they could not sufficiently explain their symptoms.
Conclusion
The low level of awareness of D-MER suggests that it is necessary to inform and educate mothers and the public about the physiological symptoms of D-MER. Moreover, it is necessary to listen to the feelings of mothers with D-MER at the onset of symptoms and support them in coping with their symptoms.
Exogenous melatonin enhanced cadmium stress tolerance of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Kang Xin , Pei Zi-Qi , Xu Ting-Ting , Dong Cui-Yun , Bai Xue , Wang Juan , Zheng Sheng , Zhang Teng-Guo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a phytohormone that can improve plant stress resistance by regulating physiological processes and gene expression. The present study investigated the role of exogenous MT in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress in cucumber seedlings. The results showed that Cd stress inhibited the growth of cucumber seedlings and exogenous MT reversed adverse effects of Cd stress. Compared with Cd treatment, MT + Cd treatment enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, suppressed ROS production and improved photosynthesis in cucumber seedlings. Further research showed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) played important roles in MT enhanced Cd stress tolerance in cucumber seedlings. RNA-seq results indicated that MT was not only related to photosynthetic and antioxidant systems in alleviating Cd injury in cucumber seedlings, but also various phytohormones, heavy metal transporter proteins and transcription factors were also involved. In addition, we selected six differentially expressed genes for qRT-PCR validation, the verification results were consistent with the RNA-seq results. In summary, exogenous MT pretreatment can alleviate Cd toxicity by enhancing antioxidant defense capacity and photosynthetic efficiency of cucumber seedlings, both H2O2 and NO play important roles. In addition, various phytohormones, transcription factors and heavy metal transport proteins are also involved in this regulation of MT.
Convection-permitting climate models offer more certain extreme rainfall projections
Authors: Fosser Giorgia , Gaetani Marco , Kendon Elizabeth , Adinolfi Marianna , Ban Nikolina , Belušić Danijel , Caillaud Cécile , Careto João , Coppola Erika , Demory Marie-Estelle , de Vries Hylke , Dobler Andreas , Feldmann Hendrik , Goergen Klaus , Lenderink Geert , Pichelli Emanuela , Schaer Christoph , Soares Pedro , Somot Samuel , Tölle Merja 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Extreme precipitation events leads to dramatic impacts on society and the situation will worsen under climate change1. Decision-makers need reliable estimates of future changes as a basis for effective adaptation strategies, but projections at local scale from regional climate models (RCMs) are highly uncertain2. Here we exploit the first km-scale convection-permitting model (CPM) ensemble to provide new understanding of the changes in local precipitation extremes and related uncertainties over the greater Alpine region. The CPM ensemble shows a stronger increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events than the driving RCM ensemble, during the summer when convection dominates. We find that the CPM ensemble substantially reduces the model uncertainties and their contribution to the total uncertainties of more than 50%. We conclude that the more realistic representation of local dynamical processes in the CPMs provides more reliable and less uncertain local estimates of change essential for policymakers.
Evaluating a peer-to-peer health education program in Australian public housing communities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Oliver Jane , Ferdinand Angeline , Hussein Awil , Hussein Ruqiyo , Kaufman Jessica , Edler Peta , Allard Nicole , Danchin Margie , Gibney Katherine B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The cohealth Health Concierge program operated in Melbourne, Australia from July 2020 to 30 June 2022. It provided peer-to-peer support to culturally and linguistically diverse residents of high-rise public housing. During this time, the COVID-19 public health response changed frequently and included movement restriction, testing and vaccination. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation to determine the Health Concierge program’s impact on residents’ engagement with health services and public health activities.
Methods
The evaluation, informed by a Project Reference Group, used the RE-AIM framework. We analysed data from 20,901 routinely collected forms describing interactions between Concierges and residents from August 2021 to May 2022. Additional evaluation-specific data were collected between March and May 2022 in four housing estates; we surveyed 301 residents and conducted 32 interviews with residents, Concierges and program stakeholders.
Results
Concierges promoted COVID-safe behaviours; linked residents with support, testing and vaccination services; and disseminated up-to-date information. Of the 20,901 recorded interactions, 8,872 (42%) included Concierges providing support around COVID-19 vaccination. Most surveyed residents (191/301, 63%) reported speaking with a Concierge in the previous six months. The self-reported two-dose COVID-19 vaccine uptake was 94% (283/301). Some residents described having meaningful, appreciated conversations with Health Concierges, and some described superficial interactions. While residents initially welcomed the program, many felt it failed to evolve. Poorly defined management and hiring criteria led to variable program implementation. A need for bicultural workers to continue linking residents with services was discussed.
Conclusions
Concierges’ impact on residents may have contributed to high community uptake of COVID-19 testing and vaccination, and had benefits beyond the COVID-19 remit. We recommend the program be revised and continued, to inform further preparedness planning and support service access generally. Program models such as this have potential to inform and reassure high-risk communities during a pandemic. In addition, such programs can help overcome vaccine hesitancy and promote protective health behaviours, regardless of whether a pandemic is currently occurring. Ensuring these programs remain responsive to the changing needs of end-users needs over time is imperative.
Large-scale analysis of small molecule-RNA interactions using multiplexed RNA structure libraries
Authors: Nagatsugi Fumi , Nagasawa Ryosuke , Onizuka Kazumitsu , Komatsu Kaoru , Miyashita Emi , Murase Hirotaka , Ojima Kanna , Ishikawa Shunya , Ozawa Mamiko , Saito Hirohide 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The large-scale analysis of small-molecule binding to diverse RNA structures is key to understanding the required interaction properties and selectivity for developing RNA-binding molecules toward RNA-targeted therapies. Here, we report a new system for performing the large-scale analysis of small molecule–RNA interactions using a multiplexed pull-down assay with RNA structure libraries. The system profiled the RNA-binding landscapes of G-clamp and thiazole orange derivatives (TO and TO-3), which recognizes an unpaired guanine base and are good probes for fluorescent indicator displacement (FID) assays, respectively. Based on the information obtained from the bindings of TO and TO-3, we selected the combinations of fluorescent indicators and drug-targetable pre-miRNAs and screened for RNA-binding molecules using FID. Four hit compounds were identified, and three of them were validated. Our system provides fundamental information about small molecule–RNA interactions and facilitates the discovery of novel RNA-binding molecules.
Study on Coupled Mode Flutter Parameters of Large Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Zhuang Yong , Yuan Guangming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the output power of wind turbines continues to increase, the blade size and flexibility increase. In actual operation, unpredictable airflow caused by natural changes in wind speed leads to aeroelastic instability of the blade structure, increasing the possibility of blade flutter damage. Under the same design, different manufacturing processes result in different structural performance of blades. The parameter changes in different regions of the blade will have an impact on the flutter characteristics of the blade coupling mode. Taking NREL 5MW wind turbine blades as an example, the blades are divided into tip, middle, and root regions to study the influence of structural parameter changes in different regions on blade flutter characteristics. Research has found that the flutter characteristics are most affected by parameter changes in the blade tip region; as the waving stiffness increases, the flutter velocities in all three areas of the blade decrease and tend to stabilize; the blade flutter speed increases with the increase of torsional stiffness; the blade flutter speed is least affected by the centroid shift, but is more affected by the centroid shift in the tip region; The turning radius is inversely proportional to the blade flutter frequency and flutter speed. In blade anti flutter design, increasing the torsional frequency can effectively prevent the occurrence of blade coupling mode flutter.
Mental health and professional outcomes in parents of children with chronic kidney disease
Authors: De Bruyne Elke , Eloot Sunny , Willem Lore , Hoeck Koen Van , Walle Johan Vande , Raes Ann , Biesen Wim Van , Goubert Liesbet , Hoecke Eline Van , Snauwaert Evelien 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
This study evaluated stress, anxiety and depression symptoms and their associated factors in parents of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods
This cross-sectional study compared parents of CKD patients (0–18 years) with a matched control group of parents of healthy children. Both groups completed the Parenting Stress Index – Short Form, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire.
Results
The study group consisted of 45 parents (median age 39; 32 mothers) of CKD patients (median age 8; 36% female). Nearly 75% of children had CKD stage 2, 3, or 4, and 44.5% had congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract. Five children (11%) were on dialysis, and 4 (9%) had a functioning kidney graft. Compared with parents of healthy children, more stress and anxiety symptoms were reported. Since the CKD diagnosis, 47% of parents perceived a deterioration of their own health, and 40% reduced work on a structural basis. Higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with a more negative perception of own health, and more child medical comorbidities and school absence.
Conclusions
This study showed higher levels of stress and anxiety symptoms in parents of children with CKD compared with parents of healthy children. This was associated with a less positive perception of the own health, especially if the child had more medical comorbidities or more absence from school. Psychosocial interventions to reduce the parental burden should be integrated in the standard care of pediatric nephrology departments.
A new strategy in developing antifouling membranes: pulling out carrots and mud coming with
Authors: Zhao Jian , Piao Hongwei , Zhuang Xupin , Zhang Shujie , Huang Qinglin , Xiao Changfa , Liu Shaomin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Membrane filtration is a promising solution to solve the fresh water scarcity issue and wastewater remediation; however, the fouling problem cannot be avoided. Antifouling and effective cleaning are the key methods to recover the membrane performance and achieve the stable filtration; whereas it is a great challenge to realize the harmless defouling or to reduce frequent replacement of membrane units. In this work, a breakthrough concept of “fouling-detachable” composite membrane consisting of tubular magnetic membrane body (polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane reinforced by magnetic polyester braided tube, MTNM) encapsulated by the magnetic photocatalyst (Fe3S4) layer was proposed. As expected, the detachable Fe3S4 layer can efficiently inhibit the severe deposition of foulants via the fantastic magnetic detachable feature. The porous magnetic Fe3S4 is a multifunctional catalyst, which can also be used for photocatalysis or peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to induce rich reactive oxygen species (ROS) for various organic pollutant degradation. Our study provides a new universal strategy for membrane design by coupling magnetic properties and catalysis with microfiltration to achieve ultrahigh antifouling property and maintain water flux.
Experimental and Numerical Study of the Mixed Lubrication under the action of magnetic ionic liquid additives
Authors: Liu Ze , Yan Zhijun , Wu Shibo , Sun Haocheng , Zhang Shengwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the tribological characteristics of an oil-soluble magnetic fluid additive under mixed lubrication are studied by experiments and numerical simulation. [bmim][FeCl4] is dissolved in CF10W-40 lubricating oil as a magnetic liquid additive, and its friction coefficient is tested by a point contact friction tester at different temperatures, rotational speeds and magnetic field intensities. The transition condition of lubrication state is obtained through analyzing the Stribeck curves based on the experiments, and the strength model of boundary film is established accordingly. A mixed lubrication model is established by substituting the boundary film strength model and the surface roughness model into the hydrodynamic lubrication model based on Reynolds equation. The results show that the magnetic solution as an additive can obviously reduce friction and wear, and the effect is more obvious under the condition of magnetic field. The boundary film strength model can accurately reflect the transition characteristics of lubrication state in the presence of boundary film, and the mixed lubrication model based on boundary film strength model can more precisely reflect the tribological characteristics of friction pairs, so this study provides a new theoretical method for the related research on the influence of boundary film on lubrication characteristics.