bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study and application on the optimal quantile forecast of precipitation in an ensemble forecast system
Authors: Chen Lianglyu , Xia Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuantiles of precipitation are widely used in ensemble forecast systems. At present, the common practice is to provide precipitation amounts corresponding to different quantiles to users directly, which will make it difficult for users to extract reliable forecast information. Therefore, this study investigates the statistically optimal (using threat score (TS) as a metric) quantiles of precipitation in an ensemble forecast system constructed using the WRF V4.0 model. The main conclusions are as follows: The threat‐score‐optimal quantiles for light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, rainstorm, and heavy rainstorm forecasts are 40%–60%, 60%–70%, 60%–80%, 70%–80%, and 80%, respectively. Overall, the optimal quantile increases with the rise in precipitation magnitude or the extension of forecast lead time. All the optimal quantile forecast products have higher TS than the corresponding control forecast, ensemble mean forecast, and probability‐matched ensemble mean forecast products. The merged threat‐score‐optimal quantile forecast product formed by combining the optimal quantile forecasts of different precipitation magnitudes shows obvious advantages over other products in statistical verification and case studies, and it shows good potential to be operationally implemented in the future.
Cultivating the uncultured: Harnessing the “sandwich agar plate” approach to isolate heme‐dependent bacteria from marine sediment
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liang Qi‐Yun , Mu Da‐Shuai , Lian Fengbai , Gong Ya , Ye Mengqi , Chen Guan‐Jun , Ye Yuqi , Du Zong‐Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the classical microbial isolation technique, the isolation process inevitably destroys all microbial interactions and thus makes it difficult to culture the many microorganisms that rely on these interactions for survival. In this study, we designed a simple coculture technique named the “sandwich agar plate method,” which maintains microbial interactions throughout the isolation and pure culture processes. The total yield of uncultured species in sandwich agar plates based on eight helper strains was almost 10‐fold that of the control group. Many uncultured species displayed commensal lifestyles. Further study found that heme was the growth‐promoting factor of some marine commensal bacteria. Subsequent genomic analysis revealed that heme auxotrophies were common in various biotopes and prevalent in many uncultured microbial taxa. Moreover, our study supported that the survival strategies of heme auxotrophy in different habitats varied considerably. These findings highlight that cocultivation based on the “sandwich agar plate method” could be developed and used to isolate more uncultured bacteria.
Miniaturized IPD bandpass filter design with high out‐of‐band rejection for 5G applications
Authors: Xu Mingzhao , Cao Yazi , Cao Yuhan , Qi Yanzhu , Yuan Bo , Wang Gaofeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis letter proposes a miniaturized integrated passive device (IPD) bandpass filter (BPF) design with high out‐of‐band rejection for 5G applications. In this design, a novel topology based on the modified high‐pass filter cascaded with the modified low‐pass filter is introduced with two pairs of transmission zeros (TZs) at high and low frequencies. In addition, one grounded capacitor at the input is added to improve the suppression at high frequency end. The proposed BPF design is fabricated on silicon substrate. The measured insertion loss is around 3 dB and the return loss is <16 dB in the whole frequency range from 3.3 to 4.2 GHz for 5G applications. This proposed BPF achieves more than 20 dB sideband suppression at both stop bands from DC to 2.69 GHz and from 5.3 to 14 GHz. The fabricated device has a size of only 1 × 0.7 × 0.2 mm.
Does choice of anesthesia during stage 1 sacral neuromodulation testing influence outcomes?
Authors: Waldoch Brendan T. , Anderson Danyon J. , Narveson Sydney A. , O'Connor R. Corey , Guralnick Michael L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionStaged sacral neuromodulation (SNM) testing has been shown to have a high rate of progression to permanent implantation for the management of voiding dysfunction. Stage 1 lead placement (SNM‐I) can be performed under monitored anesthesia care (MAC) or general anesthesia (GA). MAC allows for interpretation of sensory and motor responses to optimize lead placement while GA only permits for motor assessment. However, patient discomfort and movement can make lead placement challenging during MAC. Herein we evaluate whether the anesthesia type impacts the progression rate to permanent implantation (SNM‐II).Materials and MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed for patients who underwent SNM‐I in the operating room for wet overactive bladder between 2005 and 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on the type of anesthesia used, MAC or GA. Clinical variables and progression to SNM‐II were compared between cohorts. Progression to SNM‐II was based on ≥50% symptomatic improvement during a 1−2 week trial period following SNM‐I.ResultsOf 121 patients included in the study, 95 (79%) underwent MAC and 26 (21%) GA for SNM‐I. No difference in the progression rate to SNM‐II was noted between groups (MAC, 68/95 patients, 72%; GA, 19/26, 73%; p = 0.39). We also found no difference when comparing the GA group to the 26 most recent MAC patients (MAC, 20/26 patients, 77%; GA, 19/26, 73%; p = 0.48).ConclusionTypes of anesthesia for SNM‐I did not affect rate of progression to SNM‐II. The result lends support to the reliance on motor responses alone for lead placement during SNM‐I.
Study on morphological, mechanical, thermal, barrier, rheological, and biodegradation properties of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch/poly(propylene carbonate)‐g‐polyurethane biodegradable films
Authors: Wang Zepeng , Tian Hanlin , Yu Jinshuo , Zheng Gaofei , Yan Xiangyu , Bian Junjia , Pan Hongwei , Zhang Huiliang , Tan Zhiyong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBioplastic films with excellent physical properties and barrier properties were successfully prepared from poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT), thermoplastic starch (TPS), and poly(propylene carbonate)‐g‐polyurethane (PPCU). The rheological, mechanical, barrier, dynamic mechanical properties, and microstructure of the PBAT/TPS/PPCU blend films were studied. The proportion of PPCU controlled the morphology and continuous development of PBAT/TPS/PPCU blends. The increase of PPCU led to the formation of different phase morphologies of the PBAT/TPS/PPCU blends, including “island‐sea,” “quasi‐co‐continuous,” and “co‐continuous” structures. This phase transformation of PPCU emerges as a pivotal driver in the improvement of mechanical properties, resulting in a substantial enhancement from 23.4/24.7 MPa to 37.7/35.6 MPa. Furthermore, the addition of 40%PPCU led to a remarkable 29.6% reduction in the water vapor permeability of the PBAT/TPS/PPCU film. Finally, the increase of PPCU can improve the aging resistance of PBAT/TPS/PPCU films. The films exhibit good mechanical properties and barrier performance, indicating PBAT/TPS/PPCU film potential as environmentally viable substitutes for conventional plastics in the packaging domain.
Thermo‐mechanical performance of wolframite mineral reinforced siloxane‐modified epoxy‐based intumescent coating for structural steel
Authors: Lee Yuan Xien , Ahmad Faiz , Karuppanan Saravanan , Sumby Christopher , Shahed Chowdhury Ahmed , Ramli Siti Haslina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of wolframite on the fire resistance and adhesion strength of intumescent fire‐retardant coating (IFRC) using a siloxane‐modified epoxy binder. The modification of bisphenol A epoxy was confirmed via Hydrogen‐Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis. The IFRC samples were developed with wolframite (0.25–2.0 wt%) and evaluated for Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fire resistance test, furnace fire test for char expansion, morphology and chemical composition, adhesion test and water immersion test. This study identified a coating formulation containing 2.0 wt% of wolframite that showed 57.2% improvement in the residual weight, substrate temperature of 176.7°C and produced a compact char. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that the addition of wolframite reduced pore size thereby increasing the char strength. X‐ray diffraction identified iron neodymium compounds in the char layers, which lowered the pore size resulting in lower substrate temperature. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the antioxidant capability and the carbon content were increased by 6.9% and 50.3% respectively. The adhesion strength was reduced, however, was within the industrial standards of 2.07 MPa. The water immersion test showed a maximum 66.7% reduction (WF2.0) in the water permeation through the coating.
Bi‐stable cured shape of CFRP variant structures with asymmetric layup: Rapid prediction and inverse design
Authors: Sun Lishuai , Liu Chuang , Zhao Zhiyong , Wang Junbiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aims to produce variant composite structures that can precisely maintain equilibrium after changing stable states. A rapid and precise prediction method for the cure‐induced bi‐stable warping was developed, and the inverse design for the required part's structural and material parameters was investigated. Firstly, the mechanism causing the warping was investigated. Then, in order to acquire basic data for a data‐driven model to achieve rapid and accurate warping prediction, a finite element analysis (FEA) was developed, with most of the prediction deviations being under 10%. Additionally, deformation forms of variant parts with various layups and shapes were studied to offer guidance for the different shape requirements. The structural and material parameters were analyzed using the response surface methodology and sensitivity analysis. After removing parameters like all rubbery properties with low influence, basic data from the parameterized FEA was utilized to build a precise proxy model. Finally, for the variant structures requiring reasonable shape forms, the inverse design of the material, layup, and sizes can be achieved using the proxy model and the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm II. All optimization results were validated using FEA or experiments. The deformation form in the two steady states of each case meets the specifications. The shape difference between the produced part and the required shape is less than 5 mm, and the design deviation for the maximum deformation is less than 10%. Consequently, the rapid prediction and inverse design methods for the bi‐stable shape of variant composite parts were effective and accurate.Highlights
All the rubbery properties are almost uncorrelated to the bi‐stable warping.
The proxy model can rapidly and precisely predict the bi‐stable shape.
The inverse design can be achieved for a part requiring proper bi‐stable shapes.
The design part can precisely maintain equilibrium with the required shapes.
An analytical study on low velocity impact resistance behaviors of general bio‐inspired helicoidal composite plates
Authors: Rao Yanni , Xiong Tao , Yao Song , Zhao Han , Wang Kui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThrough evolutionary processes, helicoidal structures have been proven to exhibit exceptional load‐carrying capacity and impact resistance performance. To date, extensive experimental and numerical studies have been carried out on their impact behaviors, while few relevant analytical studies have been reported even though it is urgently needed for the preliminary assessment of structure design and optimization. In this work, based on the first shear deformation theory (FSDT) and the improved linearized Hertzian contact method, an analytical model for low velocity impact (LVI) performances of helicoidal laminates with arbitrary layups is developed. Therein, the post‐impact damage is taken into account according to continuum damage mechanics (CDM). Comparisons of load‐carrying capacity and energy‐absorbed performance between the proposed model prediction and the existing experimental data\numerical results have been made for verification. Besides, LVI behaviors of conventional laminates with unidirectional distribution andcross‐ply arrangement are discussed. Moreover, the role of rotation angle, impact velocity and the plate dimension on helicoidal laminates' LVI performances are analyzed quantitatively. There is evidence that helical layouts are better able to absorb energy and delay the in‐plane damage.Highlights
The LVI responses of bio‐inspired single‐helicoidal (SH) and double‐helicoidal (DH) composite laminate are studied.
An effective model to predict the LVI responses considered the post‐impact damage is developed.
A comparison of the LVI performance of single‐helicoidal structures with various lay‐up schemes is carried out.
DH structure has better low velocity impact resistance than SH structure when the rotation angle shares the same.
Multi‐material distributed recycling via material extrusion: recycled high density polyethylene and poly (ethylene terephthalate) mixture
Authors: Suescun Gonzalez Catalina , Cruz Sanchez Fabio A. , Boudaoud Hakim , Nouvel Cécile , Pearce Joshua M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe high volume of plastic waste and the extremely low recycling rate have created a serious challenge worldwide. Local distributed recycling and additive manufacturing (DRAM) offers a solution by economically incentivizing local recycling. One DRAM technology capable of processing large quantities of plastic waste is fused granular fabrication, where solid shredded plastic waste can be reused directly as 3D printing feedstock. This study presents an experimental assessment of multi‐material recycling printability using two of the most common thermoplastics in the beverage industry, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), and the feasibility of mixing PET and HDPE to be used as a feedstock material for large‐scale 3‐D printing. After the material collection, shredding, and cleaning, the characterization and optimization of parameters for 3D printing were performed. Results showed the feasibility of printing a large object from rPET/rHDPE flakes, reducing production costs by up to 88%.Highlights
Study: multi‐material recycling printability of PET‐HDPE.
Large‐scale fused particle‐based 3‐D printing technically possible.
Direct waste 3‐D printing rPET/rHDPE flakes, reducing production costs up to 88%.
Mycobacterium abscessus extracellular vesicles increase mycobacterial resistance to clarithromycin in vitro
Authors: Vermeire Charlie A. , Tan Xuejuan , Liang Yurong , Kotey Stephen K. , Rogers Janet , Hartson Steven D. , Liu Lin , Cheng Yong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of emerging bacterial pathogens that have been identified in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with microbial lung infections. The treatment of NTM infection in CF patients is challenging due to the natural resistance of NTM species to many antibiotics. Mycobacterium abscessus is one of the most common NTM species found in the airways of CF patients. In this study, we characterized the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by drug‐sensitive M. abscessus untreated or treated with clarithromycin (CLR), one of the frontline anti‐NTM drugs. Our data show that exposure to CLR increases mycobacterial protein trafficking into EVs as well as the secretion of EVs in culture. Additionally, EVs released by CLR‐treated M. abscessus increase M. abscessus resistance to CLR when compared to EVs from untreated M. abscessus. Proteomic analysis further indicates that EVs released by CLR‐treated M. abscessus carry an increased level of 50S ribosomal subunits, the target of CLR. Taken together, our results suggest that EVs play an important role in M. abscessus resistance to CLR treatment.
Changes and predictors of social support in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors—Results of a 7‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Merz Sabrina , Friedrich Michael , Brock Hannah , Leuteritz Katja , Geue Kristina , Richter Diana , Mehnert‐Theuerkauf Anja , Sender Annekathrin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveAs social support has been shown to have beneficial effects on coping with cancer, our study aims to close the research gap on perceived social support in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors.MethodsAYAs evaluated their perceived positive social support (PS) and detrimental interactions (DI) by completing the Illness‐Specific Social Support Scale (ISSS‐8) upon completion of acute treatment (t1) as well as 1 year (t2) and 7 years (t6) later. Temporal changes of social support were examined. Sociodemographic, psychological and medical factors were investigated as predictors for PS and DI by using mixed effects models.ResultsWe analyzed data from 319 cancer survivors (74.9% women). At baseline, survivors reported an average score of 13.73 (SD = 2.52) for PS and 3.92 (SD = 2.85) for DI. Average perceived PS changed over time, while DI remained stable. Males, AYAs without a partner and AYAs with clinically meaningful anxiety or depression levels reported fewer PS. Higher effort to cope with the disease and clinically significant anxiety and depression levels were associated with more perceived DI.ConclusionsExisting social networks and perceived social support should be evaluated regularly in AYA‐cancer survivorship. The identification and discussion of mental health of AYAs should also be a standard component in survivor consultations both during treatment and follow‐up care, as elevated depression and anxiety levels were associated with fewer PS and more perceived DI.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adolescence following extremely premature birth
Authors: Amitai Nofar , Stafler Patrick , Blau Hannah , Kaplan Eytan , Mussaffi Huda , Levine Hagit , Bar‐On Ophir , Steuer Guy , Bar‐Yishay Ephraim , Klinger Gil , Mei‐Zahav Meir , Prais Dario 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough extremely premature birth disrupts lung development, adolescent survivors of extreme prematurity show good clinical and physiologic outcomes. Cardiopulmonary limitations may not be clinically evident at rest. Data regarding exercise limitation in adolescents following preterm birth in the postsurfactant era are limited.Research QuestionWhat are the long‐term effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and extreme prematurity (<29 weeks) on ventilatory response during exercise in adolescents in the postsurfactant era?Study Design and MethodsWe followed a longitudinally recruited cohort of children aged 13–19 years who were born at a gestational age of <29 weeks (study group ‐ SG). We compared the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) results of those with and without BPD, to their own CPET results from elementary school age (mean 9.09 ± 1.05 years).ResultsThirty‐seven children aged 15.73 ± 1.31 years, mean gestational age 26 weeks ( ± 1.19), completed the study. CPET parameters in adolescence were within the normal range for age, including mean V̇O2 peak of 91% predicted. The BPD and non‐BPD subgroups had similar results. In the longitudinal analysis of the SG, improvement was observed in adolescence, compared with elementary school age, in breathing reserve (36.37 ± 18.99 vs. 26.58 ± 17.92, p = 0.044), tidal volume as a fraction of vital capacity achieved at maximal load (0.51 ± 0.13 vs. 0.37 ± 0.08, p < 0.001), and respiratory exchange ratio at maximal load (1.18 ± 0.13 vs. 1.11 ± 0.10, p = 0.021).InterpretationIn the current cohort, adolescents born extremely premature have essentially normal ventilatory response during exercise, unrelated to BPD diagnosis. CPET results in this population improve over time.
Why do teachers vary in their instructional change during science PD? The role of noticing students in an iterative change process
Authors: Preminger Linda , Hayes Kathryn N. , Bae Christine L. , O'Connor Dawn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInstructional shifts required by equitable, reform‐based science instruction are challenging, especially in the elementary context. Such shifts require professional development (PD) that supports teacher internalization of new pedagogical strategies as well as changes in beliefs about how students learn. Because of this complexity, many PD programs struggle to foster lasting pedagogical shifts, necessitating further investigation into why some teachers successfully embrace reform practices while others do not. This qualitative study uses a nonlinear, iterative model of teacher learning (Interconnected Model of Professional Growth; Clarke & Hollingsworth, 2002) alongside professional noticing to help understand why elementary teachers in science PD differentially make sense of and internalize new pedagogies. Findings indicate that teachers most likely to adopt reform‐based instructional practices from the PD were those who clearly connected student learning to their instructional moves. In addition, teachers who more actively attended to student sensemaking and productive struggle took up pedagogies from the PD more substantively than did colleagues who attended solely to student engagement and affect. Finally, teachers who attended to and valued novel ideas from students’ lived experiences were more likely to change their beliefs about students’ capacity to learn science, and thus more likely to see the value of instructional practices from the PD. In sum, structuring PD to build on these specific teacher noticing skills can encourage more teachers to move away from traditional, teacher‐directed instructional practice, and more fully support reform‐based instructional practices.
Pyridinium trifluoroacetate ionic liquids as proficient catalysts for synthesis of 3,5,5‐trimethyl‐2‐pyrazoline
Authors: Jiao Nianming , Cui Junjie , Liu Long , Yao Yuan , Xia Yangfeng , Zhang Yanqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work, pyridinium trifluoroacetate ionic liquids, as a protonic acid catalyst, were used to catalyze intramolecular cyclization of ketazine to synthesize 2‐pyrazoline. The investigation encompassed the impact of temperature, solvent, dosage of ionic liquid catalyst, and the structure‐activity relationship in the cyclization reaction of 2‐propyl ketazine. The optimal catalytic performance was achieved at 100 °C with 8 mol % of 3,5‐dimethylpyridinium trifluoroacetate in a solvent‐free environment. Moreover, thermodynamic and kinetic data were determined through density functional theory calculations and calorimetric experiments. These protonic acid ionic liquids address the issue of excessive traditional protonic acid dosage in the intramolecular cyclization of ketazine, while also presenting a viable pathway for the catalytic synthesis of 2‐pyrazolines.