bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual differences in holistic word processing and the role of phonological processing in sentence comprehension
Authors: Hirshorn Elizabeth A. , Reilly Emma , Louche‐Robert Alison , Wojszysnki Cody 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundRecent research has documented individual differences in the reading profiles of skilled native English readers using a behavioural marker of holistic visual word processing (orientation sensitivity). A more holistic word reading profile is associated with a weaker correlation with phonological decoding for word identification. Interestingly, that is different from typical patterns in skilled reading in English. The current study aimed to further assess the underlying distribution of orientation sensitivity as a continuous measure in an unrestricted undergraduate population and to extend past findings to understand the role of phonological decoding in reading comprehension as a function of orientation sensitivity.MethodsA group of 137 SUNY New Paltz undergraduates completed an orientation sensitivity test to assess the overarching distribution. A subset of 55 SUNY New Paltz undergraduates completed additional reading‐related tests (phonological decoding and reading comprehension) on an online platform (findingfive.com). The relationship between orientation sensitivity and reliance on phonological decoding on reading comprehension was assessed using regression.ResultsResults found that the distribution of orientation sensitivity was not normal and skews to the right, but is not bimodal, thus warranting the use of regression instead of group statistics. Lastly, those with relatively greater orientation sensitivity had a weaker relationship between measures of phonological decoding and a reading comprehension measure, as predicted.ConclusionsThe results extended the finding of differences in reliance on phonological decoding to reading comprehension as a function of orientation sensitivity. These results help refine our understanding of orientation sensitive readers and potential alternative route to successful reading found in the general population.
Impact of maternal bariatric surgery on offspring perinatal cardiac function: A prospective study
Authors: Patey Olga , Bartsota Margarita , Maric Tanya , Patel Deesha , Savvidou Makrina , Carvalho Julene S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess perinatal cardiac function in offspring of women with previous bariatric surgery and examine its association with maternal glucose control.DesignProspective study.SettingMaternity unit, UK.PopulationFifty‐four fetuses/neonates; 29 of post‐bariatric surgery women and 25 of women without surgery.MethodsProspective, longitudinal observational study of pregnant women with and without previous bariatric surgery, matched for early pregnancy body mass index. Cardiac function of all offspring was assessed by two‐dimensional conventional, spectral tissue Doppler and speckle‐tracking echocardiography at 35–37 weeks of gestation and at 5–7 weeks of age. Maternal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured at 27–30 weeks of gestation. Maternal demographics and fetal/infant cardiac function indices were compared between the groups. Correlation coefficient (r) is reported.Main outcome measuresFetal/infant cardiac function indices.ResultsCompared with no‐bariatric neonates, offspring of post‐bariatric women were smaller at birth (birthweight centiles: 64.96 ± 36.41 versus 40.17 ± 27.99; p = 0.007). There were no significant differences in fetal/infant cardiac function indices and perinatal cardiac changes, between groups. There was a positive correlation between maternal HbA1c and fetal left ventricular (LV) longitudinal strain (r = 0.33) and LV longitudinal strain rate (r = 0.29), suggesting an inverse relation between HbA1c and fetal LV systolic function, but this was mainly seen in offspring of women with no previous bariatric surgery (r = 0.56 and r = 0.50, respectively).ConclusionsMaternal bariatric surgery does not appear to inadvertently affect the offspring cardiac performance. We found an inverse correlation between maternal HbA1c levels and fetal LV systolic function but this was mainly seen in the no‐bariatric pregnancies.
Leakage of biodiversity risks under the European Union Biodiversity Strategy 2030
Authors: Fischer Richard , Zhunusova Eliza , Günter Sven , Iost Susanne , Schier Franziska , Schweinle Jörg , Weimar Holger , Dieter Matthias 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe European Union Biodiversity Strategy 2030 (EUBDS) aims to regain biodiversity through enhanced forest conservation and protection, which may lead to increased timber harvest in non‐EU countries. We aimed to identify the potential leakage of biodiversity risks as induced by the EUBDS. We created an indicator framework that allows one to quantify vulnerability of forest biodiversity. The framework is based on 26 biodiversity indicators for which indicator values were publicly available. We weighted single indicator values with countrywise modeled data on changed timber production under EUBDS implementation. Nearly 80% of the indicators pointed to higher vulnerability in the affected non‐EU countries. Roundwood production was transferred to countries with, on average, lower governance quality (p = 0.0001), political awareness (p = 0.548), forest coverage (p = 0.034), and biomass (p = 0.272) and with less sustainable forest management (p = 0.044 and p = 0.028). These countries had more natural habitats (p = 0.039) and intact forest landscapes (p = 0.0001) but higher risk of species extinction (p = 0.006) and less protected area (p = 0.0001) than the EU countries. Only a few indicators pointed to lower vulnerability and biodiversity risks outside the EU. Safeguards are needed to ensure that implementation of EUBDS does not cause harm to ecosystems elsewhere. The EU regulation on deforestation‐free supply chains might have limited effects because the sustainable management of existing and even expanding forests is not well considered. Sustained roundwood production in the EU is needed to avoid placing more pressure on more vulnerable ecosystems elsewhere. Decreasing species and habitat indicator values nevertheless call for global conservation and protection schemes. The EUBDS helped pave the way to the Kunming–Montreal Biodiversity Framework. Yet, lower values for the indicators mean governance and biodiversity engagement in non‐EU countries suggest that this global framework might not sufficiently prevent leakage of risks to biodiversity. Effective land‐use planning is necessary to balance conservation schemes with roundwood production.
Joint action and spontaneity
Authors: Leferman Alexander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper poses a challenge to theories of joint action. In addition to the typical requirement of explaining how agents count as acting together as opposed to acting in parallel or independently—the togetherness requirement—it is argued that theories must explain how agents can be spontaneously joined such that they can act together spontaneously—the spontaneity requirement. To be spontaneously joined is to be immediately joined. The challenge arises because the typical means of satisfying the togetherness requirement, for example, planning, expressing willingness, and so forth, are forms of mediating, binding interaction and so seem to eliminate the possibility of spontaneity. Likewise, taking spontaneity seriously makes it difficult to see how the togetherness requirement can be simultaneously met. The challenge threatens the very idea of joint agency.
Regional variation in Swedish acid sulfate soil microbial communities is influenced by temperature and geochemistry
Authors: Johnson Anders , Nyman Alexandra , Åström Mats , Dopson Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcid sulfate soils are frequently described as the nastiest soils on Earth, and they pose environmental risks associated with their strong acidity and consequential mobilization of toxic metals present in the soils. Within Sweden, acid sulfate soils have been extensively studied around the northern Baltic coastline and have now been found to occur throughout the area below the maximum Holocene marine limit that stretches for some 2000 km from North to South. This study investigated 20 active acid sulfate soils (field tested pH < 4.0) collected throughout this area that were tested for microbial community composition using 16S rRNA gene amplicons, representing a novel study of microbial communities in ripening zones across a broad regional scale. The microbial community compositions exhibited a north (boreal zone) to south (hemiboreal zone) regional divide, primarily within the oxidized zone (pH < 4.0), to a lesser degree in the transition zone (steep pH gradient), while little differences were observed in the reduced zone (near‐neutral pH). For instance, a higher relative abundance of Ktedonobacteraceae was identified in the northern boreal and Gallionellaceae in the southern hemiboreal oxidized zones. In addition, microbial taxa associated with iron and sulfur oxidation and reduction were identified, such as Acidobacteriaceae, Gallionellaceae and Koribacteraceae that have been previously identified in other acid sulfate soils and acid mine drainage settings. The predominant controls of the microbial community differences were the north–south divide indicative of a strong soil‐temperature effect followed by soil zones suggesting an influence of the soils' pH and/or redox conditions.
Machine learning application for prediction of surgical site infection after posterior cervical surgery
Authors: Lu Keyu , Tu Yiting , Su Shenkai , Ding Jian , Hou Xianghua , Dong Chengji , Jin Haiming , Gao Weiyang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSurgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications of posterior cervical surgery. It is difficult to diagnose in the early stage and may lead to severe consequences such as wound dehiscence and central nervous system infection. This retrospective study included patients who underwent posterior cervical surgery at The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from September 2018 to June 2022. We employed several machine learning methods, such as the gradient boosting (GB), random forests (RF), artificial neural network (ANN) and other popular machine learning models. To minimize the variability introduced by random splitting, the results underwent 10‐fold cross‐validation repeated 10 times. Five measurements were averaged across 10 repetitions with 10‐fold cross‐validation, the RF model achieved the highest AUROC (0.9916), specificity (0.9890) and precision (0.9759). The GB model achieved the highest sensitivity (0.9535) and the KNN achieved the highest sensitivity (0.9958). The application of machine learning techniques facilitated the development of a precise model for predicting SSI after posterior cervical surgery. This dynamic model can be served as a valuable tool for clinicians and patients to assess SSI risk and prevent it in clinical practice.
Mid‐term efficacy of castor stent and in situ fenestration stent in the treatment of type B aortic dissection involving the left subclavian artery: A retrospective single‐center study
Authors: Wu Qingsong , Xie Lin‐feng , Li Huangwei , Shen Yue , Qiu Zhihuang , Chen Liangwan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the midterm efficacy of the Castor stent (CS) versus in situ fenestration (ISF) for reconstructing the left subclavian artery (LSA) in patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD).Between July 2017 and July 2022, a total of 247 patients with TBAD were enrolled. One hundred thirty‐seven patients were treated using CSs (group A), while the remaining 110 patients received ISFs (group B). Data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed.The success rates of surgery were 99.3% and 95.5% in groups A and B (p = .053), There were no deaths during hospitalization. During surgery, group B showed a longer surgical duration [68.0 (66.0, 77.0) vs. 62.0 (59.0, 66.0) min, p < .001] and intraoperative fluoroscopy time [18.0 (16.0, 20.0) vs. 16.0 (14.0, 18.0) min, p < .001] than group A. The follow‐up duration was similar for both groups (44.0 vs. 43.0 months, p = .877), and no patient died. Stent‐related complications were significantly lower in group A than in group B (1.5% vs. 8.4%, p = .009). Group A had fewer instances entry flow (0.7% vs. 4.7%, p = .048) and stent stenosis (0.7% vs. 2.8%, p = .206) than group B. All reintervention cases (4.7%) were from group B (p = .011). The rate of false aortic lumen thrombosis was significantly higher in group A than in group B (84.6% vs. 72.9%, p = .024).Both CSs and ISFs are evidently safe, feasible, and effective in achieving positive early outcomes in patients undergoing treatment for TBAD. Notably, at midterm follow‐up, CSs appeared to be superior to ISF in terms of reducing stent‐related complications and minimizing the need for reintervention.
Confluences of the Islamic in Hans Urs von Balthasar's Theological Aesthetics: Toward a Comparative THEO‐POETICS with Islam
Authors: Takacs Axel M. Oaks 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis essay is an excavation of Islamic theological confluences in Hans Urs von Balthasar's theological aesthetics. It likewise demonstrates how comparative theology facilitates the de‐essentialization of religious traditions. This essay uses the Swiss theologian as a case study in exposing how someone apparently closed off from interreligious learning is still inadvertently shaped by non‐Christian traditions. Being adjacent to the work of Anne Carpenter, who seeks to save his theological project from Eurocentrism, this essay seeks to save it from theological exclusivism and Orientalism. It will argue that in the case of Christian theology, confluences of the Islamic in the past offer possibilities for future exercises in comparative theology. It looks back to look ahead by suggesting theo‐poetics as a new direction for Christian comparative theology with Islam.
Spillover effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions: A systematic review
Authors: Brown Vicki , Tran Huong , Jacobs Jane , Ananthapavan Jaithri , Strugnell Claudia , Backholer Kathryn , Sultana Marufa , Alsubhi Moosa , Allender Steve , Novotny Rachel , Nichols Melanie 
Published: December 2023

SummaryBackgroundChildhood obesity prevention initiatives are complex interventions that aim to improve children's obesity‐related behaviors and provide health promoting environments. These interventions often impact individuals, communities, and outcomes not primarily targeted by the intervention or policy. To accurately capture the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of childhood obesity prevention interventions, an understanding of the broader impacts (or spillover effects) is required. This systematic review aims to assess the spillover effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions.MethodsSix academic databases and two trial registries were searched (2007–2023) to identify studies reporting quantifiable obesity‐related and other outcomes in individuals or communities not primarily targeted by an obesity prevention intervention. Critical appraisal was undertaken for studies that reported statistically significant findings, and a narrative synthesis of the data was undertaken.ResultsTwenty academic studies and 41 trial records were included in the synthesis. The most commonly reported spillovers were diet or nutrition‐related, followed by BMI and physical activity/sedentary behavior. Spillovers were mostly reported in parents/caregivers followed by other family members. Nine of the 20 academic studies reported statistically significant spillover effects.ConclusionLimited evidence indicates that positive spillover effects of childhood obesity prevention interventions can be observed in parents/caregivers and families of targeted participants.
Development and validation of a scoring system to predict vasovagal reaction upon whole‐blood donation
Authors: Hashizume Tatsuma , Kondo Gaku , Ishimaru Fumihiko , Ikeda Yoko , Kagawa Keiko , Kunii Noriko , Namba Noriko , Aoki Kiichi , Sawamura Yoshihiro , Makino Shigeyoshi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRisk factors for vasovagal reaction (VVR) have been extensively studied. With knowledge of the relative importance of these risk factors for VVR, collection staff could take care of blood donors from the same standpoint, leading to improved donor safety. We therefore developed a scoring system to predict VVR, which incorporates registration information.Materials and MethodsPre‐syncopal and syncopal symptoms, as well as on‐ and off‐site reactions, are included in this analysis as VVR. We defined the donor status as follows: first‐time donors, repeat donors with no history of reaction and repeat donors with a history of reaction. We prepared two datasets: whole‐blood donations at a blood donation site in Tokyo between January 2019 and December 2019 were included in training data (n = 361,114), and whole‐blood donations between January 2020 and August 2020 were included in testing data (n = 216,211).ResultsThe most important variable was the donor status, followed by age, estimated blood volume and height. We integrated them into a scoring system. Training and testing datasets were combined (n = 577,325), and VVR rates in groups with scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 or more were 0.09% (95% CI: 0.081%–0.10%), 0.33% (95% CI: 0.31%–0.36%), 0.87% (95% CI: 0.78%–0.96%), 1.17% (95% CI: 1.05%–1.30%), 2.15% (95% CI: 1.98%–2.32%) and 3.11% (95% CI: 2.90%–3.34%), respectively.ConclusionThe scoring system enables staff to significantly predict VVR and may help them to identify donors at increased risk of experiencing syncope, thereby mitigating the negative impact of VVR on donor safety and return by paying close attention to high‐risk donors.
A Linear Quadratic Regulator-Based Controller Design for Ensuring Attack Resilient Operations of Power Networks
Authors: Stebbings Sandford , Apel Mahmud Md , Islam Shama Naz 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a linear quadratic regulator-based control scheme to ensure the stability of power grids against cyber-attacks. The proposed control scheme is developed for the synchronous generator in a power system having a single generator. In this work, the nominal system represented by a linear state-space model is augmented by considering the impact of cyber-attacks and the Riccati equation for the augmented system is solved in such a way the attack is completely eliminated. The attack is considered on the actuator, i.e., within the dynamical model of the synchronous generator in a power grid. Simulation studies are conducted under different attacks on the actuator and results under all attack scenarios ensure attack resilient operations of power systems.
Predicting Electrical Resistivity of Sintered Copper Nanoparticles From Simulations for the Microscale Selective Laser Sintering Process
Authors: Dibua Obehi G. , Tasnim Farzana , Liao Aaron , Grose Joshua , Behera Dipankar , Foong Chee S. , Cullinan Michael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the main challenges facing the expansion of Additive Manufacturing (AM) is the minimum feature sizes which these processes are able to achieve. Microscale Selective Laser Sintering (μ-SLS) is a novel Additive Manufacturing process created to meet this limitation by precisely laser sintering nanoparticles to give a better control over feature sizes. With the development of this new process, there is a concurrent need for models, which can predict the material properties of the sintering nanoparticles. To this end, this paper presents a novel simulation created to predict the electrical resistivity of sintered copper nanoparticles. Understanding the electrical resistivity of nanoparticles under sintering is useful for quantifying the rate of sintering and has applications such as predicting how the nanoparticles will fuse together when subjected to laser irradiation. Such a prediction allows for in situ corrections to be made to the sintering process to account for heat spreading beyond the intended laser irradiation targets. For these applications, it is important to ensure that the predictions of electrical resistivity from the simulations are accurate. This validation must be done against experimental data and since such experimental data does not currently exist, this paper also presents electrical resistivity data for the laser sintering of copper nanoparticles. In summary, this paper details the simulation methodology for predicting electrical resistivity of laser-sintered copper nanoparticles as well as validation of these simulations using electrical resistivity data from original sintering experiments. The key findings of this work are that the simulations can be used to predict electrical resistivity measurements for sintering of actual copper nanoparticles when the copper nanoparticles do not include other materials such as polymer coatings.
Male–Female Differences in Acute Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Meccanici Frederike , Thijssen Carlijn G. E. , Heijmen Robin H. , Geuzebroek Guillaume S. C. , ter Woorst Joost F. , Gökalp Arjen L. , de Bruin Jorg L. , Gratama Daantje N. , Bekkers Jos A. , van Kimmenade Roland R. J. , Poyck Paul , Peels Kathinka , Post Marco C. , Mokhles Mostafa M. , Takkenberg Johanna J. M. , Roos‐Hesselink Jolien W. , Verhagen Hence J. M. 
Published: December 2023

Background
Acute type B aortic dissection is a cardiovascular emergency with considerable mortality and morbidity risk. Male–female differences have been observed in cardiovascular disease; however, literature on type B aortic dissection is scarce.

Methods and Results

A retrospective cohort study was conducted including all consecutive patients with acute type B aortic dissection between 2007 and 2017 in 4 tertiary hospitals using patient files and questionnaires for late morbidity. In total, 384 patients were included with a follow‐up of 6.1 (range, 0.02–14.8) years, of which 41% (n=156) were female. Women presented at an older age than men (67 [interquartile range (IQR), 57–73] versus 62 [IQR, 52–71];
P
=0.015). Prior abdominal aortic aneurysm (6% versus 15%;
P
=0.009), distally extending dissections (71 versus 85%;
P
=0.001), and clinical malperfusion (18% versus 32%;
P
=0.002) were less frequently observed in women. Absolute maximal descending aortic diameters were smaller in women (36 [IQR: 33–40] mm versus 39 [IQR, 36–43] mm;
P
<0.001), while indexed for body surface area diameters were larger in women (20 [IQR, 18–23] mm/m
2
versus 19 [IQR, 17–21] mm/m
2
). No male–female differences were found in treatment choice; however, indications for invasive treatment were different (
P
<0.001). Early mortality rate was 9.6% in women and 11.8% in men (
P
=0.60). The 5‐year survival was 83% (95% CI, 77–89) for women and 84% (95% CI, 79–89) for men (
P
=0.90). No male–female differences were observed in late (re)interventions.

Conclusions
No male–female differences were found in management, early or late death, and morbidity in patients presenting with acute type B aortic dissection, despite distinct clinical profiles at presentation. More details on the impact of age and type of intervention are warranted in future studies.