bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein-energy malnutrition prevalence and influence on complications and outcome of severe stroke, requiring mechanical ventilation: a multicenter prospective observational trial
Authors: Ershov Vadim I. , Leyderman I. N. , Belkin A. A. , Gorbachev V. I. , Gritsan A. I. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Petrikov S. S. , Protsenko D. N. , Solodov A. A. , Shchegolev A. V. , Borzdyko A. A. , Dobrynin A. S. , Silkin V. V. , Zabolotskikh I. B. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is characterized by high prevalence and mortality. Protein-energy deficiency is a common syndrome in this category of patients, affecting the course and outcomes of cerebral stroke. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence and impact on the course and outcome of stroke of protein-energy deficiency in patients with mechanical ventilation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter observational clinical study “Register of respiratory therapy in patients with stroke (RETAS)” was conducted under the auspices of the Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists. The study involved 14 centers, included 1289 acute stroke patients received respiratory support. RESULTS: Protein-energy deficiency in patients with stroke on mechanical ventilation was associated with a tendency to a greater risk of a lethal outcome (p = 0.0003). The absence of protein-energy malnutrition in patients with stroke severity less than 14 points during mechanical ventilation was associated with a greater likelihood of a positive outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale, GOS 4 and 5) compared with patients with signs of malnutrition (p = 0.000002). Protein-energy malnutrition is associated with prolonged stay in ICU of patients with stroke on mechanical ventilation (p < 0.0001). At the same time, the group of patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation was characterized by a high prevalence of bedsores (p < 0.0001), hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia (р = 0.0001), and decreased body weight 10 percent or more (p < 0.0001). The presence of protein-energy malnutrition was accompanied by an increased risk of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in patients with stroke (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Protein-energy malnutrition significantly influences on the course and clinical outcome parameters of severe cerebral stroke patients on mechanical ventilation.
Factors that determine cell-free hemoglobin concentration in blood prime during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective observational study
Authors: Bautin Andrei E. , Marichev A. O. , Karpova L. I. , Radovskiy A. M. , Barygin E. K. , Gusenova A. K. , Blokhina N. V. , Osovskikh V. V. , Ablesimov G. N. , Grebennik V. K. , Gordeev M. L. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Plasma cell-free hemoglobin (Hbf) has a negative effect on the results of cardiac surgery. OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the dynamics of the Hbf during cardiosurgical operations with CPB. Identification of the main factors for increasing the Hbf. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, single-center, cohort study included 50 patients who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB. Hbf was monitored before surgery, during CPB (10 minutes after the start, then every 30 minutes) and every 6 hours for two days. RESULTS: An increase in Hbf levels was found in 90 % of surgical procedure. In 8 % of cases, hemolysis was mild (0.1 < Hbf ≤ 0.4 g/l), in 48 % — moderate (0.4 < Hbf < 1 g/l), severe (Hbf ≥ 1 g/l) was after 34 % of operations. After weaning from CPB Hbf rapidly decreases and after 12 hours drop to the preoperative level. Aortic cross-clamping is a risk factor with an odds ratio of 1.038 (p = 0.036). A positive correlation was established between the Hbf level and the duration of CPB (r = 0.76; p < 0.001). In ROC-analysis, a good predictive ability for development of severe hemolysis was demonstrated by the time of CPB: AUC 0.74 (p = 0.014) with a threshold value of 76 minutes. During CABG, severe hemolysis developed significantly less frequently than during valve corrections — 12.5 % versus 44.1 %, p = 0.026. Hbf content was significantly lower with an initial hemoglobin concentration < 140 g/l than in patients with an initial hemoglobin level ≥ 140 g/l — 0.7 (0.5; 0.95) g/l versus 0.9 (0.7; 1.28) g/l, p = 0.036. CONCLUSIONS: Hemolysis is typical for the cardiac surgeries with CPB. The time of aoral clamping and CPB, the type of surgcry, the hemoglobin content before surgcry have an impact on the severity of hemolysis.
Predictive significance of hematological indices in aortic reconstructive surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Grin O. O. , Babaev Mаxim A. , Grekova M. S. , Kotelnikova E. O. , Isalova K. M. , Eremenko A. A. 
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Hematological indices are available, universal predictors and markers of infectious and non-infectious pathological conditions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive ability of hematological indices in relation to the development of postoperative complications in patients undergoing reconstructive interventions on the aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, observational, single-center study included 79 patients who underwent elective aortic surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Age of participants 57 (46.5; 64) years, Charlson comorbidity index 4 (2; 5), cardiopulmonary bypass duration 123 (101; 160) minutes, myocardial ischemia 91 (66; 115) minutes. The patients were divided into two groups: I — without complications, II — with complications. RESULTS: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on day 3 in group I was 6.17 (4.1; 8.7), in group II — 9.56 (6.68; 12.46), p = 0.002. NLR on day 6 in group I was 3.79 (2.77; 5.1), in group II — 6.0 (4.3; 9.1), p = 0.001. NLR > 7.5 on day 3 was a predictor of complications in the postoperative period, OR = 4.6 (95 % CI 1.8–11.9, p = 0.002). NLR on day 6 > 5.0 also showed a predictive ability: OR = 4.9 (95 % CI 1.9–12.7, p = 0.001). Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) on day 3 in group I was 103.88 (78.87; 133.57), by day 6 it increased to 117.5 (104.63; 160.78); in group II, there was practically no increase in PLR: from 122 (88.46; 160.25) to 127.06 (108.40; 154.14). Differences between the indicators in groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Hematological indices can be used as predictors of complications in patients after surgery on the aorta and its branches. Patients with NLR > 7.5 on day 3 and > 5.0 on day 6, regardless of comorbidities and age, may represent a previously unrecognized subgroup of patients with an increased risk of postoperative complications.
Speech Audiometry in Pakistan: Development of Urdu Spondee Words List (USWL)
Authors: Ijaz Tehreem , Kiyani Humaira Shamim , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: January 2024

Background: Hearing impairment (HI) is a common barrier to communication which impacts the HI in achieving higher educational goals, impacts them at work and leisure and can result in social exclusion
Objective: To developed Urdu Spondee Words List for establishing Speech Recognition Threshold in Urdu speaking hearing impaired population.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in twin cities of Rawalpindi & Islamabad from July 2018 to January 2019. Study involved development of a tool called Urdu Spondee Word list (USWL) and familiarity judgement utilizing a sample of N=50 Urdu speaking participants of both genders aged 10-16 years utilizing convenience sampling, and finally voice analysis on PRATT software. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis.
Results: The results revealed that the final selected list of 18 spondee words has equally stressed syllables, with the accomplishment of the criteria of familiarity judgment for the participants. The recorded list shows minimum and maximum intensity variation of 3db to 8db in the homogenous audibility of the words making it suitable for speech recognition threshold measures.
Conclusion: The developed 18 item Urdu Spondee Word list (USWL) with criteria of familiarity and homogenous audibility of words is suitable for speech recognition threshold measurement for Urdu speaking population.
Analisis Hidrologi dan Hidrolika Sungai Untuk Pemodelan Banjir Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana Pada Sungai Kali Surabaya
Authors: Briantama R. Haryo , Suhartanto Ery , Sajali Muhammad Amar 
Published: January 2024

Banjir pada Sungai Kali Surabaya terjadi akibat kondisi cuaca ekstrem berupa hujan dan arus sungai yang deras dan menyebabkan sungai meluap. Fenomena meluapnya Sungai Kali Surabaya terjadi karena luapan air Sungai Brantas yang mengalir melalui Kali Surabaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat model banjir di Sungai Kali Surabaya dan merancang jalur evakuasi di Sungai Kali Surabaya. Analisis hidrologi dilakukan untuk memperkirakan debit rencana dengan kala ulang 2 tahun sebesar 164.453 m3/detik, kala ulang 5 tahun sebesar 341.107 m3/detik, kala ulang 10 tahun sebesar 458.068 m3/detik, kala ulang 25 tahun sebesar 605.848 m3/s, dan kala ulang 50 tahun adalah 715,479 m3/detik. Pemodelan hidrolika dilakukan menggunakan 2D HEC-RAS. Luasan genangan banjir yang diperoleh dari rancangan debit kala ulang 2 tahun seluas 79 ha, debit kala ulang 5 tahun seluas 199 ha, debit kala ulang 10 tahun seluas 311 ha, debit kala ulang 25 tahun seluas 403 ha dan debit kala ulang 50 tahun adalah 478 hektar. Kajian mitigasi bencana berupa peta jalur evakuasi berdasarkan analisis sebaran banjir Sungai Surabaya di Kota Surabaya mengidentifikasi 8 titik kumpul dan 3 titik evakuasi akhir yang tersebar di tujuh wilayah kecamatan sepanjang Sungai Kali Surabaya.
The Formation of the Justice System in the Early Years of Soviet Power
Authors: Vidashev I. I. 
Published: January 2024

The relevance of this article lies in the study of the formation and formation of the institution of the justice system in the nascent Soviet state, the factors that influenced the formation of courts, the selection of persons administering justice. This historical experience is unique in many respects, since simultaneously with the collapse of the monarchy, a new socialist state was born on its territory, the ideological and political foundations of which largely predetermined the foundations laid in the foundation of the future judicial system of the RSFSR and modern Russia.Purpose: disclosure of the features and distinctive features of the formation of courts during the formation of Soviet power.Objectives: identification of factors influencing the formation of the justice system on the territory of our state in the post-revolutionary period.Methodology. The article uses a complex of general scientific and special-legal research methods due to the historical-legal and partly interdisciplinary nature of the article.The results of the study are of a historical and legal nature and made it possible to identify factors influencing the formation and formation of the Soviet justice system in the post-revolutionary period, namely the class struggle, communist ideology, the need to win the Civil War and consolidate its results, the use of courts as another control body for citizens of the state, admission to the administration of justice of persons who do not have a special education.Conclusions. The studied period of the development and functioning of justice on the territory of our state was characterized by the elimination of the previous system of administration of justice, the reliance on revolutionary legal consciousness in the administration of justice, the subordination of courts to representative bodies elected by citizens, the presence and functioning of revolutionary tribunals.As a result of the initial reforms of the courts, the previously existing unified foundations for the administration of justice were eliminated, and new ones were just beginning to form; as a result of the reforms, judges began to be elected from representatives of the people, regardless of their professional knowledge, which significantly affected the quality of justice, but contributed to its openness.
Peculiarities of Interbranch Relations of Family Legal Relations
Authors: Rutkovskaia O. A. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. One of the problems of family law is the need to distinguish separate groups of family legal relations, which need different variants of interbranch regulation. When searching for solutions to this problem, the author, based on the analysis of legal regulation of family legal relations as a branch of law and the correlation between the norms of family law and norms of other branch affiliation, concludes that it is necessary to distinguish, firstly, family legal relations directly, which are characterized by the dominance of family law norms with limited application of norms of other sectoral affiliation to achieve the goals defined by family law, and, secondly, legal relations, which can be characterized as "complicated" by a family element, in the regulation of which the application of family law provisions is aimed at taking into account the requirements of family law within the framework of legal relations, generally regulated by norms of other branch affiliation.The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions that determine the features of manifestation of interbranch relations of family legal relations at the present stage of development of the legislation of the Russian Federation.Objectives: to identify problems associated with the presence of interbranch relations of family legal relations; to analyze interbranch relations of family legal relations taking into account the peculiarities of the existing sectoral legislative regulation; to propose variants of differentiation of family legal relations by the criterion of dominance in their regulation of norms of family law or norms of other branch affiliation, to determine the directions of further development of legal regulation of the issues under consideration.Methodology. When writing the work used dialectical-materialistic method, system method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-legal method.The results of the research are are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of family legal relations.The conclusions made in the article are of a discussion nature, aimed at the continuation of research in the framework of the declared subject. The article is a continuation of the author's scientific research on the development of the theory of family legal relations.
Consideration of the Economic Purpose and Intent of the Infringer in Determining the Amount of compensation for Infringement of Exclusive Rights
Authors: Kamenskii M. A. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Compensation for violations of exclusive rights to works and other intellectual property objects is the main method of protection used by authors and right holders. The possibility of using a compensatory approach in determining the amount of recovery from the infringer acquires special significance in the conditions of the development of modern technologies, leading to the emergence of new ways of using works, in the implementation of which the right holders do not have the opportunity to unambiguously establish the scope of use and the amount of damages caused. At the same time, the practice of applying the provisions on compensation for violations of exclusive rights has revealed the need to develop additional criteria to exclude cases of unjustified recovery of disproportionate compensation in the formal application of the methods of their calculation established by law.The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of using additional criteria, such as "economic purpose" and "unity of intent of the infringer", when establishing the amount of compensation for violations of exclusive rights to works and other intellectual property objects, taking into account the development of judicial practice and clarifications of the courts of higher instances.Objectives: to identify problems associated with the application of the criteria of "one economic purpose" and "unity of intent of the infringer" in determining the amount of compensation for violations of exclusive rights to works and other objects of intellectual rights; to identify opportunities for further development of legal regulation taking into account the above criteria.Methodology. In preparing the study the author applied general scientific methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, system method, formal-legal method.The results of the research have theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of civil legal relations.Conclusions. Conclusions. The conclusions made in the article are of a controversial nature, aimed at further development of approaches contributing to the uniform solution of problems arising in the application of legislative provisions on determining the amount of compensation for violations of exclusive rights to works and other intellectual property objects in order to prevent and suppress such infringements, as well as compensation for losses caused by them.
Problems of Non-Contractual Transfer of Rights to Results of Intellectual Activity
Authors: Kozlova M. V. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The article analyzes the cases in which the legislation recognizes the possibility of transfer of exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity without concluding contracts with the right holders, including in the case of inheritance of such rights and in various forms of reorganization of a legal entity - the right holder. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions that take into account the interests of participants of civil legal relations in various cases of non-contractual transfer of rights to the results of intellectual activity.Objectives: to identify the problems associated with the non-contractual transfer of rights to the results of intellectual activity; to analyze the peculiarities of legal relations associated with such a transfer, taking into account the peculiarities of the existing legislative regulation; to propose solutions aimed at eliminating contradictions between the interests of the participants of legal relations arising from the non-contractual transfer of rights to the results of intellectual activity.Methodology. The dialectical-materialistic method, system method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formallegal method were used in writing the work.The results of the research are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of atypical types of civil legal relations.Conclusions. The conclusions are drawn on the need to ensure the possibility of documentary confirmation of the fact of non-contractual transfer of the exclusive right to the result of intellectual activity in all cases when such transfer occurs as a result of reorganization of a legal entity, as well as to provide authors and other right holders with the possibility to include in alienation contracts the obligations preventing the circumvention of the provisions on payment of remuneration and other essential conditions of such contracts. The proposed solutions will make it possible to ensure the circulation of exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity and guarantee compliance with the obligations provided for in agreements on the alienation of such rights.The article is a continuation of the author's scientific research on the issues related to the protection of the rights of authors and their heirs.
Rights of Business Companies and their Participants to the Results of Intellectual Activity
Authors: Marasanov V. M. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. One of the most effective options for the realization of exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity when there are several interested parties is the assignment by them of exclusive rights to such results to a business entity owned by them. The resulting indirect ownership of rights allows for joint disposal of them under the indirect control of the participants of business entities, distribution of income between them according to preestablished agreements, attraction of investments in exchange for a share of participation or shares in the business entity - the right holder.At the same time, the indirect ownership of rights to the results of intellectual activity, carried out through the business company owned by interested parties, leads to the need to strengthen their control over the disposal of intangible assets owned by the business company, because in the absence of proper control there is a risk of loss or limitation of the possibility of using the most valuable intangible assets.The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical provisions defining the peculiarities of the implementation of indirect ownership of rights to the results of intellectual activity owned by business entities, while preserving the possibility of control by the participants of such entities.Objectives: to identify the problems associated with the indirect ownership of rights to the results of intellectual activity assigned to business entities; to analyze the existing risks of loss or limitation of the possibility of using the results of intellectual activity owned by business entities in the absence of effective control over their disposal by the participants of such entities.Methodology. The dialectical-materialistic method, methods of analysis and synthesis and formal-legal method were used in writing the work.The results of the research are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of relations related to the use of the results of intellectual activity. Conclusions. The conclusions made in the article are of a discussion nature, aimed at the continuation of research in the framework of the declared subject. The article is a continuation of the author's scientific research on the issues considered in it.
Public Danger and Problems of Qualifying the Creation and Operation of Fraudulent Call-Centers
Authors: Kashkarov A. A. , Kashkarov A. A. , Ignatov A. N. 
Published: January 2024

Relevance. The use of technological progress by criminals for criminal purposes is one of the pressing problems today. In this context, modern information and communication technologies deserve special attention, providing the possibility of global communication, exchange and storage of information, learning and knowledge acquisition, optimization and anonymization of financial transactions. Manipulating people's consciousness through the use of information and cognitive technologies is today a common way of committing various types of fraud. These opportunities are fully and actively used in the implementation of such a group form of fraud as the activities of fraudulent call centers. The purpose of the study is to assess the public danger and identify problems in qualifying the creation and operation of fraudulent call centers. Objectives: to identify compliance with the essence of the criminal activity of fraudulent call centers and assess the public danger of this criminal activity;identify problems in classifying such acts and suggest ways to eliminate them. Methodology. When writing the work, the tools of dialectical, systemic and activity-based approaches were used, as well as general logical thinking techniques, general scientific and special scientific methods.Results. It has been established that the underestimation of the public danger of the activities of fraudulent call centers, and, accordingly, the insufficient effectiveness of measures taken today to counter them, are due to ignorance of the fact that the joint criminal activities of fraudsters in this case form a criminal community. Conclusions. This type of criminal activity corresponds to all the characteristics of a criminal community (struct redness; unified leadership; the purpose of creation is to commit one or more serious or especially serious crimes to obtain directly or indirectly financial or other material benefits).In addition, the qualification of the activities of fraudulent call centers under Art.210 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation will allow the court to ensure the possibility of confiscation of property obtained as a result of criminal activity.