bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skull bone osteomyelitis in a sickler with acute soft head syndrome managed surgically; A rare case report
Authors: Elzain Mohammed Awad , Osman Modathir Mohammed , Siddig Mohammed Hashim , Hajo Mohamed Ibrahim , Ali Mohammed Altair , Omar Omar Alsheikh , Moussa Zaghloul Mahmoud 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Acute soft head syndrome is an extremely rare complication of sickle cell disease that mostly affects children and young persons. It occurs due to focal necrosis of skull bone secondary to occlusion of blood supply to that region by micro-thrombi. Upon reviewing the literature, only 3 cases were reported and the three of them were managed conservatively. In this paper we would like to present a rare case with acute soft head syndrome as the 1st case with acute soft head syndrome that is been managed surgically. Case description: A 17 years old young male, known case of sickle anemia presented with spontaneous forehead swelling for about 10 days duration and pus discharge from the forehead swelling. CT-brain reported Left frontal scalp soft tissue mass with infiltration and destructive changes to the underlying frontal bone. There was no intracranial extension. CT with contrast showed septations with enhancement of the walls of the subgaleal collection and enhancement of the underlying dura. The abscess was evacuated, the bone was looking infected and the periosteum also was unhealthy looking, therefore both were excised. The inner table and outer table were involved at different levels, the abnormal bone was nibbled away until normal edges were encountered. Histopathology revealed XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION WITH FIBROPLASTIC REACTION AND CONGESTION COMPATIBLE WITH ORGANIZING ABSCESS. The patient was discharged in a good shape, with intact neurological function, GCS 15/15 afebrile and healthy-looking surgical wound. He was scheduled for elective cranioplasty with custom-made bone flap later on on elective basis. Conclusion: This case represents a unique presentation of these conditions with osteomyelitis other than the usual presentation with necrosis. This draws our attention to the fact that not all of these cases can be managed conservatively. Brain imaging with contrast is an important diagnostic tool that can pick up the cases that might need surgical intervention. The early surgical intervention fasten patient’s recovery and prevents the spread of infection if any. More studies need to be carried out to establish international guidelines for managing this rare condition.
Multi-locus sequence analysis indicates potential cryptic speciation in the chigger mite Neoschoengastia gallinarum (Hatori, 1920) parasitizing birds in Asia
Authors: Rajasegaran Praveena , Koosakulnirand Sirikamon , Tan Kim-Kee , Khoo Jing Jing , Suliman Youseuf , Mansor Mohammad Saiful , Khusaini Mohd K. S. Ahmad , AbuBakar Sazaly , Chaisiri Kittipong , Morand Serge , Ya’cob Zubaidah , Makepeace Ben 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Chigger mites (Acari, Trombiculidae) cause trombiculiasis in terrestrial vertebrates worldwide and some species are also disease vectors. Neoschoengastia gallinarum is widely distributed in Asia, preferentially parasitising birds, and heavy infestations have clinical impacts on domestic fowl. In common with other trombiculid mites, the genetic diversity and potential variation in host preferences or pathology induced by N. gallinarum across its geographic range are poorly understood.
Methods
Neoschoengastia gallinarum larvae were collected from four species of galliform birds (encompassing free-ranging domestic, free wild, or captive wild) across four locations in Peninsular Malaysia, and from domestic chickens only from one location in Thailand. The population genetic structure of N. gallinarum was inferred from concatenated mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and 18S ribosomal DNA gene sequences, including a comparison with previously published data from southeastern China. The Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP) and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) methods were applied to assess evidence for cryptic divergence, and statistical parsimony (TCS) networks were used to determine relationships between haplotypes.
Results
Multi-locus sequence analysis revealed two monophyletic clades composed of specimens from Peninsular Malaysia or Thailand, while data from China formed a subgroup that was partially nested in the Thailand clade. Both the ABGD and ASAP methods divided the specimens into three operational taxonomic units: (1) all Peninsular Malaysia sequences, (2) Thailand sequences + China minor clade, and (3) China major clade. Correspondingly, the minimum spanning network displayed a high genetic distance between the Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand populations, and a total of 16 haplotypes were identified. Analysis of molecular variance revealed striking genetic divergence among the two populations (96.41%), which was further supported by the absence of gene flow (Nm = 0.01). The level of gene flow appeared to be higher within the Peninsular Malaysia population as indicated by a lower genetic distance (FST).
Conclusions
In conclusion, despite the two countries sharing a land border, the Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand populations of N. gallinarum appear to be genetically segregated and may represent distinct cryptic species.
The mediating role of resilience and interaction anxiousness in the effects of physical activity on mobile phone addiction among college students
Authors: Wu Jinlong , Xiao Wen , Liu Bowen , Yu Jingxuan , Zheng Kangyong , Shi Qiuqiong , Ren Zhanbing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown that regular physical activity (PA) can positively influence mobile phone addiction (MPA) behaviors in college students. However, it remains unknown whether this effect is mediated by other factors. Evidence suggests that resilience and interaction anxiousness may be candidate mediators that partly explain the positive effect of PA on MPA. This study aims to explore the impact of PA on MPA through a mediation model, and the role of resilience and interaction anxiousness in this relationship.
Methods
The participants were 590 college students (272 males; mean age = 19.67) who completed a psychosocial battery, including the international physical activity questionnaire—short form (IPAQ-SF), the connor - davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), the interaction anxiousness scale (IAS), and the mobile phone addiction index (MPAI). Correlations of variables were computed using Pearson’s test. Mediation models were tested using SPSSS PROCESS macro with the regression bootstrapping method.
Results
PA were negatively associated with MPA behavior. Resilience and interaction anxiousness moderated the relationship between PA and MPA. More importantly, PA could also influence MPA through the chain-mediating effects of resilience and interaction anxiousness.
Conclusion
It is essential to improve resilience and reduce interaction anxiousness to reduce MPA problems through regular engagement in PA among college students.
NPDI-BcCov: A Network Pharmacology Approach for Simultaneous Inference of Drugs Targeting Breast Cancer and COVID-19
Authors: Huang Zhijian , Xue Jinsong , Zhao Xiangqian , Qiu Xiaoting , Zhang Chenglong , Yang Jingwen , Yang Yong , Tong Shanhe , Li Nani , Yang Jialiang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a significant threat to public health, especially for individuals battling cancer. It is crucial to prioritize the care and attention given to breast cancer patients who have also infected with COVID-19, as they face a higher risk of severe outcomes compared to the general population. These patients typically undergo concurrent treatment for both conditions, which can be risky due to potential drug interactions and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify drugs that can effectively target both breast cancer and COVID-19. In this study, we have developed a novel computational framework called Network Pharmacology-based Drug Inference for Breast Cancer and COVID-19 (NPDI-BcCov). Our framework aims to identify genes associated with both breast cancer and COVID-19, as well as drugs that target these specific genes. To achieve this, we identified 132 genes by overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with breast cancer in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and genes associated with COVID-19 in Genecards. Among these genes, we identified 6 prognostic-related genes (NCAM1, AMH, MYOM2, IGHE, PPP2R2C, and PLK1) using both COX and LASSO regression methods. Moreover, we developed an enhanced risk scoring model based on these 6 prognostic genes and proposed a nomogram to verify the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics, risk score, and prognosis. Additionally, we screened for potential drugs targeting these genes and found several drugs for the gene PLK1, with luteolin being prioritized due to its anti-viral and antioxidant properties. We also observed significant differences in tumor mutation burden (TMB) and gene mutation profiles between high-PLK1 and low-PLK1 expression groups. Furthermore, we discovered a strong hydrogen bond between luteolin and PLK1 in their three-dimensional structure, suggesting a close molecular interaction. Finally, we explored the biomedical function and therapeutic mechanism of luteolin in BRCA/COVID-19 patients. Overall, our study presents the first evidence highlighting luteolin as a potential drug for the simultaneous treatment of patients with both breast cancer and COVID-19.
Cross-modal Deep Learning for Predicting Atomic Force Microscopy From Optical Microscope Images
Authors: Rajesh M. , Santhoshkumar R. , Arumugam Mahendran , JawaherlalNehru G. , Rajalingam B. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In the experimental section, we demonstrate a unique approach to predicting atomic force microscopy (AF-Mic) topography from optical microscope (OptM) images by employing a fully convolutional, multi-domain autoencoder model. Topography prediction, morphology analysis, and dynamic topography transformation simulation are all made possible by the autoencoder's ability to modify input data by extracting significant features and expressing them in an enhanced fashion. The model is detailed with encoder and decoder components, optimised for various OptM image resolutions. There are three main parts to the training process: predicting the topography using the AF-Mic, analysing the morphology quantitatively, and simulating the topography's dynamic changes. Improved performance is shown after transfer learning is put into practise. When making graphene oxide nanoribbons (GON), the autoencoder is used to foretell how the material's surface would change throughout production. Accurate topographical prediction, categorization based on morphological traits, and modelling of topography transformation are only a few of the strengths of this technology, which together constitute a robust framework for grasping and keeping tabs on dynamic surface changes. Results show promise for the proposed autoencoder-based simulation to be useful in domains outside those using GON structures, while also highlighting the simulation method's relative ease of use and cost-effectiveness when compared to more conventional approaches.
Acidic FGF facilitates recovery in motor score in AIS A spinal cord injured patients
Authors: Chang Wan-Ya , Huang Wen-Cheng , Tsai Yun-An , Yang Lin-Hsue , Su Yi-Tien , Huang Shih-Fong , Huang Chiau-Li , Lee Ya-Hui , Hsu Shu-Shong , Fay Li-Yu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) is a potent neurotrophic factor that may uphold neuronal survival in the injured spinal cord. It has been reported to promote functional recovery in open-label clinical studies. The first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to verify aFGF’s efficacy and safety in SCI patients. Patients with AIS Grade A or B SCI were randomized into two arms and given either aFGF or placebo every 4 weeks for total 3 doses. All patients were evaluated for medical, neurological, and functional changes at baseline, then every 4 weeks after the first dose of aFGF/placebo until 48 weeks. The first dose was administered directly to the injured site at the surgery within 6 weeks after SCI, and the 2nd and 3rd doses were given through lumbar puncture. Due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic the study ended prematurely; nevertheless, explorative analyses revealed encouraging signals of the beneficial effect of aFGF albeit with a limited sample size. This is the first clinical report showing that aFGF may reduce myelomalacia and accelerate motor recovery in complete SCI patients with a significantly higher chance to achieve a 10-point improvement (Odds ratio = 6.06). Further studies to validate aFGF’s clinical efficacy are warranted.
Case Report: A Case of Renal Cell Carcinoma Unclassified With Multi-organ Invasion
Authors: rui yang , Jiang Xiao-Lu , Sun Jia-Ning , Pan Yu , Zhang Feng , Chen Xin , Sun Wei-Cheng , Zhao Hong-Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Most unclassified renal cell carcinoma (RCC) pressent with high-grade histologic features or distant metastasis and are reported to have lower survival rates. We present a rare case of multi-organ invasion from unclassified RCC with good prognosis, to increase knowledge of the characteristics for unclassified RCC.Case Presentation A 66-year-old female presented with an incidentally detected left renal mass on a health examination. The patient had no obvious symptoms and had past medical history of hypertension. CT scans show a mixed tissue density mass located at the higher pole of the left kidney, with a range of 89*68 mm. The tumor boundary was not clear based on imaging findings, which may invading the retroperitoneum, spleen and part of the pancreas. Therefore a multiorgan resection, including left kidney, spleen, pancreatic body and tail, was performed. The final pathology confirmed unclassified renal cell carcinoma which involved the left adrenal gland and pancreas. Sunitinib and penpulimab were administered to the patient and follow-up date showed no symptom of further progression.Conclusion Unclassified RCC is a rare malignant tumor with poor prognosis and the definite diagnosis relies on the pathology. For patients with advanced unclassified RCC, multiple organ resection is worthwhile with careful patient selection.
Surgical intervention for Mitral Stenosis: Temporal changes in patient characteristics, incidence, and mortality: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Due Hans T. , Petersen Jeppe K. , Meulengracht Daniel E. , Smerup Morten H. , Schmidt Michael R. , Køber Lars , Fosbøl Emil , Østergaard Lauge 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Aims:

To examine temporal changes in patient characteristics, incidence rate of surgery, and three-year mortality rate for patients undergoing surgery for mitral valve stenosis in Denmark (2001-2021)..
Methods and results:
Utilizing Danish nationwide registries, we identified all adult patients undergoing first-time MS-intervention (2001-2021). Temporal changes across calendar periods were investigated (2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015, and 2016-2021). Using Kaplan-Meier estimates, we computed temporal changes in three-year all-cause mortality across calendar periods. With multivariable Cox regression analysis, we assessed adjusted rates of mortality.
We included 256 patients (median age 60.3 years, 31.3% males). A decrease in the burden of chronic heart failure was identified (2001-2005:54%, and 2016-2021:20%, p-value<0.001), while the burden of atrial fibrillation seemed stable around 1 in 2. A decrease in rate of surgery was observed: 3.3 cases/million person-years (2001-2005), and 2.2 (2016-2021). The in-hospital mortality was 8.6% and the three-year mortality after discharge was 9.0%. We found no difference over calendar periods in crude estimates or adjusted analysis.
Conclusion:
From nationwide data (2001-2021), we identified the incidence of surgery, decreased significantly within the past 20 years while all-cause mortality remained stable. The burden of heart failure decreased while the burden of atrial fibrillation remained stable.
Serum fibroblast growth factor‑2 levels complement vital parameters for assessing prognostic status of heart failure
Authors: yu zelin , cai zehong , zheng jintao , jiang hongyan , zhou yanqiong , wong naikei , fu hongbo , hong xiaobing 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Prediction, early diagnosis, and treatment of heart failure are crucial. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) may serve as a prognostic biomarker for heart failure owing to its ability to promote cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy; however, the relationship between FGF2 concentration and heart failure is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether FGF2 could aid in distinguishing patients with heart failure from healthy controls and those with dyspnea without heart failure and evaluate the possible correlation between serum FGF2 levels and its prognostic parameters in patients with heart failure.
Methods: Plasma FGF2 concentration was measured in 114 patients with complaint of dyspnea (enrolled in the study between January 2022 and August 2022). Based on heart failure diagnosis, the patients were assigned to three groups, as follows: heart failure (n = 80), non-heart-failure dyspnea (n = 34), and healthy controls (n = 36), following physical examination. Possible correlations between serum FGF2 levels and other prognostic parameters in patients with heart failure were analyzed.
Results: Serum FGF2 levels were higher in patients with heart failure (125.60 [88.95, 183.40] pg/mL) than in those with non-heart-failure dyspnea (65.30 [28.85, 78.95] pg/mL) and healthy controls (78.90 [60.80, 87.20] pg/mL) (p <0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified FGF2 concentration as a significant predictor in heart failure diagnosis, with an area under the curve of 0.8693 (p <0.0001). Importantly, in the heart failure group, serum FGF2 concentrations correlated with key prognostic parameters for heart failure, such as reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and elevated serum levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
Conclusion: Elevated serum FGF2 level is strongly associated with an increased risk of heart failure and could serve as a useful biomarker to complement vital prognostic parameters for heart failure.
Incidence and Predictors of mortality among chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis in Sidama region, Ethiopia: A Retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Alemayehu Akalewold , Ashole Agune , Belyaneh Fanuel , Melak Kumilachew , Wondirad Mekdes , Taffese Temsegen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Chronic kidney disease is major cause of global morbidity and mortality. The upsurge of the number of patients with end stage renal disease needs attention across the globe and hence these patients are in need of renal replacement therapy. But there is paucity of information on predictors of mortality among patients on dialysis. Hence, it is important to identify those predictors of mortality in order to attempt the appropriate management.
Objective
To determine incidence of mortality and identify predictors of mortality among chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis at Yanet internal medicine specialized center, Hawassa, Ethiopia from September 2015 to February 2022.
Methods and materials
: Retrospective cohort study was conducted among chronic kidney disease patients on dialysis in Hawassa Yanet internal medicine specialized center. Data abstraction form was used to collect data from 260 patients from September 2015 to February 2022.The collected data was entered to EPI data and analyzed using STATA. Frequencies with percent, mean with standard deviation and median with interquartile range were used to describe and summarize the variables. Kaplan-Meier and log rank test were used to compare survival probability. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify predictors of mortality on dialysis.
Result
Of the total 251 participants 176(70.1%) were male. The average age at the start of hemodialysis was 51.76 ± 13.22 (mean ± standard deviation). The incidence of mortality was 2.77 (95%CI (2.25–3.41)) per 100 person-month at risk. Age between 40–59 and ≥ 60 [AHR: 3.76; 95%CI (1.13–12.54); AHR: 5.66; 95% CI (1.72–18.66)], presence of diabetic mellitus (AHR: 1.7; 95% CI (1.08–2.70)), use of venous catheter as vascular access (AHR: 0.55; 95% CI (0.31–0.98)) were the main predictors of mortality.
Conclusion
This study revealed incidence of mortality and identified age, diabetic mellitus and vascular access type as significant predictors of mortality. Therefore, there should be close follow up for patients with comorbidities and choice of vascular access should be considered before hemodialysis initiation.
Co-targeting CD47 and VEGF Elicited Potent Antitumor Effects in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Kaiqi , Xu Yuan , Chang Xusheng , Xu Caili , Xue Wenjing , Ding Dan , Nie Mingming , Cai Hui , Xu Jun , Zhan Lu , Han Jiangbo , Cai Tiancai , Ju Dianwen , Feng Li , Zhang Xuyao , Yin Kai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
CD47, serving as an intrinsic immune checkpoint, has demonstrated efficacy as an antitumor target in hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance of CD47 in gastric cancer and its potential as a therapeutic target remains unclear.
Methods
The expression of CD47 in clinical gastric cancer tissues was assessed using immunohistochemistry and western blot. Patient-derived cells were obtained from gastric cancer tissues and co-cultured with macrophages derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Flow cytometry analyses were employed to evaluate the rate of phagocytosis. Humanized patient-derived xenografts (Hu-PDXs) models were established to assess the efficacy of anti-CD47 immunotherapy or the combination of anti-CD47 and anti-VEGF therapy in treating gastric cancer. The infiltrated immune cells in the xenograft were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.
Results
In this study, we have substantiated the high expression of CD47 in gastric cancer tissues, establishing a strong association with unfavorable prognosis. Through the utilization of SIRPα-Fc to target CD47, we have effectively enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of PDCs in vitro and impeded the growth of Hu-PDXs. It is noteworthy that anti-CD47 immunotherapy has been observed to sustain tumor angiogenic vasculature, with a positive correlation between the expression of VEGF and CD47 in gastric cancer. Furthermore, the successful implementation of anti-angiogenic treatment has further augmented the antitumor efficacy of anti-CD47 therapy. In addition, the potent suppression of tumor growth, prevention of cancer recurrence after surgery, and significant prolongation of overall survival in Hu-PDX models can be achieved through the simultaneous targeting of CD47 and VEGF using the bispecific fusion protein SIRPα-VEGFR1 or by combining the two single-targeted agents.
Conclusions
Our preclinical studies collectively offer substantiation that CD47 holds promise as a prospective target for gastric cancer, while also highlighting the potential of anti-angiogenic therapy to enhance tumor responsiveness to anti-CD47 immunotherapy.