bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Patient Portal Tool Use and Medication Adherence and Viral Load Among Patients Living with HIV
Authors: Midboe Amanda M. , Cave Shayna , Shimada Stephanie L. , Griffin Ashley C. , Avoundjian Tigran , Asch Steven M. , Gifford Allen L. , McInnes Donald Keith , Troszak Lara K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient portals play an increasingly critical role in engaging patients in their health care. They have the potential to significantly impact the health of those living with chronic diseases, such as HIV, for whom consistent care engagement is both critical and complex.

Objective
The primary aim was to examine the longitudinal relationships between individual portal tool use and health-related outcomes in patients living with HIV.

Design
Retrospective cohort study using electronic health record data to examine the relationship between patient portal tool use and key HIV-specific, health-related outcomes in patients engaged in care in the Veterans Health Administration (VA) through the application of marginal structural models.

Participants
A national sample of patients living with HIV (PLWH) active in VA care who were registered to use the VA’s patient portal, My HealtheVet (MHV; n = 18,390) between 10/1/2012 and 4/1/2017.

Main Measures
The MHV tools examined were prescription refill (including prescription refill of an antiretroviral (ART) medication and any medication), secure messaging, view appointments, and view labs. Primary outcomes were viral load test receipt, viral load suppression, and ART medication adherence (measured as proportion of days covered).

Key Results
The use of prescription refill for any medication or for ART was positively associated with ART adherence. Secure messaging was positively associated with ART adherence but not with viral load test receipt or viral load suppression. The use of view appointments was positively associated with ART adherence and viral load test receipt but not viral load suppression. The use of view labs was positively associated with viral load suppression but not ART adherence or viral load test receipt.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the valuable role patient portals may play in improving health-related outcomes among PLWH and have implications for patients living with other types of chronic disease.
The influence of state anxiety on event construction and elaboration during episodic future thinking
Authors: Zhou Bin , Li Yajing , Hu Zhiguo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEpisodic future thinking (EFT) is a fundamental cognitive capacity that enables individuals to mentally simulate and prepare for possible future events. This capacity involves two distinct phases: construction and elaboration. How state anxiety affects the event construction and elaboration in EFT remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to address this issue by adopting a verbal cueing paradigm, taking into account familiarity and emotional valence. To induce state anxiety, our study employed a mental arithmetic task coupled with immediate feedback and the investigator’s supervision. Cue words were associated with either high-familiar or low-familiar future events, as well as different emotional valences (positive, neutral or negative). In the cueing task, each participant was required to construct a specific episodic event and then elaborate on it based on the provided cues. Subsequently, subjective ratings of the imagined event were collected after each imagination. The results revealed that individuals experiencing state anxiety took longer to elaborate events compared to the control group. Notably, there were asymmetric results in high- and low-familiarity conditions when considering cue words with different emotional valence. Overall, this study suggests that the influence of state anxiety on EFT is constrained to the elaboration phase and does not extend to the construction phase.
Identifying and Constraining Marsh-Type Transitions in Response to Increasing Erosion over the Past Century
Authors: Ellis Alisha M. , Smith Christopher G. , Smith Kathryn E. L. , Jacobs Jessica A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMarsh environments, characterized by their flora and fauna, change laterally in response to shoreline erosion, water levels and inundation, and anthropogenic activities. The Grand Bay coastal system (USA) has undergone multiple large-scale geomorphic and hydrologic changes resulting in altered sediment supply, depositional patterns, and degraded barrier islands, leaving wetland salt marshes vulnerable to increased wave activity. Two shore-perpendicular transect sites, one along a low-activity shoreline and the other in a high activity area of the same bay-marsh complex, were sampled to investigate how the marshes within 50 m of the modern shoreline have responded to different levels of increased wave activity over the past century. Surface sediments graded finer and more organic with increased distance from the shoreline while cores generally exhibited a coarsening upwards grain-size trend; all cores contained multiple large sedimentological shifts. 210Pb-based mass accumulation rates over the last two decades were greater than the long-term (centurial) average at each site with the fastest accumulation rates of 7.81 ± 1.58 and 7.79 ± 1.63 kg/m2/year at the sites nearest the shoreline. A shoreline change analysis of three time-slices (1848–2017, 1957–2017, 2016–2017) shows increased erosion at both sites since 1848 with modern rates of −0.95 and −0.88 m/year. Downcore sedimentology, mass accumulation rates, and shoreline change rates paired with foraminiferal biofacies and identification of local estuarine indicator species, Paratrochammina simplissima, aided in identifying paleo marsh types, their relative proximity to the shoreline, and sediment provenance. The high-energy marsh site transitioned from middle marsh to low marsh in the 1960s, and the low-energy marsh site transitioned later, at the end of the twentieth and early twenty-first century, due to its more protected location. Marsh type transition corresponds chronologically with the coarsening upwards grain-size trend observed and the degradation of Grand Batture Island; since its submergence, signatures of multiple storm event have been preserved downcore.
Practical Approaches Towards Transparent and Stable Bilateral Teleoperation Under Time-Varying Network Delay
Authors: Wang Chunpeng , Luo Rui , Whitney John Peter , Padir Taskin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn real-life teleoperation scenarios, the presence of time-varying network delays, particularly in wireless networks, poses significant challenges in maintaining stability in a bilateral teleoperation system. Various approaches have been proposed in the past to address stability concerns; however, these often come at the expense of system transparency. Nevertheless, increasing transparency is crucial in a teleoperation system to enable precise and safe operations, as well as to provide real-time decision-making capabilities for the operator. This paper presents our comprehensive approaches to maximize teleoperation transparency by minimizing system impedance, enhance the wave variable method to handle time-varying network delays, and alleviate non-smooth effects caused by network jitters in bilateral teleoperation. The proposed methodologies take into account the real-world challenges and considerations to ensure the practical applicability and effectiveness of the teleoperation system. Throughout these implementations, passivity analysis is employed to ensure system stability, guaranteeing a reliable and safe teleoperation experience. The proposed approaches were successfully validated in Team Northeastern’s Avatar telepresence system, which achieved the 3rd place in ANA Avatar XPRIZE challenge.
Identifying locals vs non-locals using 87Sr/86Sr isotope analysis: a multimethod approach in the homogeneous environments of the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Littleton Judith , Smith Caitlin Bonham 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArchaeological strontium isotope investigations of the movement of peoples and animals rely on different methods to characterize a “local” strontium range. In geologically homogenous regions or regions where the creation of isoscapes using proxies is hampered, statistical methods are useful for identifying individuals likely to be local or non-local. We demonstrate how a multi-method approach can be used to evaluate local strontium isotope ranges in Bahrain, an archipelago in the Arabian Gulf. Combining the enamel samples analyzed for this paper (62 human and domesticate herbivore individuals) with previously published faunal 87Sr/86Sr values from Bahrain (20 domesticated herbivores), we found that different statistical methods identified different numbers of individuals as local and were predicated on different assumptions about the distribution of the data. Compared to the standard approach using 2σ of the sample mean, the statistical approaches used in this manuscript identified more potential non-local or securely non-local individuals. Between 18.5 and 44.4% of the non-human animals were identified as non-local, indicating the trade of animals and why using faunal (herbivore) samples alone to characterize a local range is problematic in trading centers. The identification of between 13.7 and 32.9% of the humans as non-local is consistent with other studies of movement in archaeological populations of the Gulf and makes sense given the prominent role of trade in Bahrain from the Early Dilmun to Islamic periods. We argue that statistical approaches to identifying probable non-locals can be used where detailed isoscape data are hard to obtain, but that such results need to be evaluated within the specific archaeological context.
Correlation of DNA methylation of DNMT3A and TET2 with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Xueming , Li Zaikun , Gao Qingxi , Peng Yanan , Yu Yang , Hu Tenglong , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Abnormal epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are hallmarks of cancer and implicated in the development of various tumors. DNA methylation is catalyzed by the DNA methyltransferase and ten-eleven translocation dioxygenase families, with DNMT3A and TET2 being the most widely studied members, respectively. The correlation of methylation β values and clinical features was conducted in patients with OSCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. DNA methylation and protein expression levels of DNMT3A and TET2 in tissues were analyzed with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and western blotting. To evaluate the effects of DNMT3A and TET2 on the biological characteristics of OSCC, cell proliferation was assessed with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and cell migration capacity was quantified with wound healing and transwell assays. A survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan–Meier approach. The correlation between different methylation β values and clinical features was revealed. MSP revealed varying methylation degrees of DNMT3A and TET2 in OSCC tissues. Furthermore, western blotting showed that the protein expression levels were significantly different in cancer and surrounding healthy tissue samples. In vitro experiments demonstrated that DNMT3A knockdown and TET2 overexpression could inhibit the proliferation and migration of OSCC. Survival analysis revealed that patients with high DNMT3A methylation levels showed higher survival rates.
On Kleinian mock modular forms
Authors: Alfes Claudia , Mertens Michael H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe give an explicit and computationally efficient construction of harmonic weak Maass forms which map to weight 2 newforms under the $$\xi $$
ξ
-operator. Our work uses a new non-analytic completion of the Kleinian $$\zeta $$
ζ
-function from the theory of Abelian functions.
Randomly Censored Kumaraswamy Distribution
Authors: Chaturvedi Aditi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, inferential procedures based on classical and Bayesian framework for the Kumaraswamy distribution under random censoring model are studied. We first propose estimators for the distribution parameters, reliability function, failure rate function, and Mean time to system failure based on the maximum likelihood estimation method. Then, we calculate asymptotic confidence intervals for the parameters based on the observed Fisher’s information matrix. Also, for the parameters and reliability characteristics, Bayesian estimates are derived using the importance sampling and Gibbs sampling procedures. Highest posterior density credible intervals for the parameters are constructed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Expected time on test of experiment with random censoring is also calculated. A simulation study is conducted to compare the efficiency of the derived estimates. Finally, the analysis of a real data set is presented for the illustration purpose.
Introducción a los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales
Authors: Manzano Patiño Abigail Patricia 
Published: January 2024

Los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) son una herramienta estadística multivariada que permite estudiar la relación que hay entre variables latentes y observadas. Este artículo tiene el propósito de introducir, de forma sencilla y no muy teórica, a los SEM. Se describen los tipos de modelos, su representación gráfica, su identificabilidad, las técnicas de estimación de parámetros y la valoración de su ajuste. Se incluye además un ejemplo para ilustrar esta metodología estadística.
Enhancing Severe Weather Prediction With Microwave All‐Sky Radiance Assimilation: The 10 August 2020 Midwest Derecho
Authors: Zhang Yunji , Chen Xingchao , Stensrud David J. , Clothiaux Eugene E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we assimilated microwave (MW) all‐sky radiances from low‐Earth‐orbiting satellites and examined their impact on the analyses and forecasts of weather hazards associated with the 10 August 2020 Midwest derecho. Compared with the baseline that assimilated conventional surface and upper‐air observations and infrared (IR) all‐sky radiances from geostationary satellites, the addition of MW all‐sky radiances improved the analyzed and forecasted convection‐stratiform structures of the derecho. Results show that MW all‐sky radiances provided additional information, compared with IR radiances, on hydrometeors within the storm, leading to improved forecasts out to 2 hr with quantitatively more accurate surface gusts. This is the first study to assimilate MW all‐sky radiances for a severe weather event using a convection‐permitting numerical weather prediction model (our model resembles NOAA's High‐Resolution Rapid Refresh), and the results suggest promising avenues for improving severe weather forecasts worldwide in the future.
The Land Wet‐Bulb Temperature Increases Faster Than the Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Chu Haoran , Cao Chang , Wang Wei , Xiao Wei , Zhang Keer , Zhang Mi , Lee Xuhui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVapor buildup in the atmosphere and faster warming over land than over ocean are ubiquitous features of climate change. This combination is a threat to society because the associated heat stress may exceed the limit for human survival. The heat stress due to high humidity and high temperature is quantified with the wet‐bulb temperature (Tw). A common view is that the land Tw should change at the same rate as the ocean surface temperature (Ts). Using climate model data and atmospheric observations, we show that the land Tw increases 17% faster than Ts. This amplification arises from stronger downward longwave radiation (L↓) at the surface in a warmer climate, which causes moist static energy to accumulate in the atmospheric boundary layer. We also find that L↓ is a better predictor of Tw than Ts at interannual to decadal time scales. These relationships are robust across climates and across model simulations.
Bayesian Inversion, Uncertainty Analysis and Interrogation Using Boosting Variational Inference
Authors: Zhao Xuebin , Curtis Andrew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGeoscientists use observed data to estimate properties of the Earth's interior. This often requires non‐linear inverse problems to be solved and uncertainties to be estimated. Bayesian inference solves inverse problems under a probabilistic framework, in which uncertainty is represented by a so‐called posterior probability distribution. Recently, variational inference has emerged as an efficient method to estimate Bayesian solutions. By seeking the closest approximation to the posterior distribution within any chosen family of distributions, variational inference yields a fully probabilistic solution. It is important to define expressive variational families so that the posterior distribution can be represented accurately. We introduce boosting variational inference (BVI) as a computationally efficient means to construct a flexible approximating family comprising all possible finite mixtures of simpler component distributions. We use Gaussian mixture components due to their fully parametric nature and the ease with which they can be optimized. We apply BVI to seismic travel time tomography and full waveform inversion, comparing its performance with other methods of solution. The results demonstrate that BVI achieves reasonable efficiency and accuracy while enabling the construction of a fully analytic expression for the posterior distribution. Samples that represent major components of uncertainty in the solution can be obtained analytically from each mixture component. We demonstrate that these samples can be used to solve an interrogation problem: to assess the size of a subsurface target structure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method in geophysics that provides both analytic and reasonably accurate probabilistic solutions to fully non‐linear, high‐dimensional Bayesian full waveform inversion problems.
Measurements and Modeling of the Interhemispheric Differences of Atmospheric Chlorinated Very Short‐Lived Substances
Authors: Roozitalab Behrooz , Emmons Louisa K. , Hornbrook Rebecca S. , Kinnison Douglas E. , Fernandez Rafael P. , Li Qinyi , Saiz‐Lopez Alfonso , Hossaini Ryan , Cuevas Carlos A. , Hills Alan J. , Montzka Stephen A. , Blake Donald R. , Brune William H. , Veres Patrick R. , Apel Eric C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChlorinated very short‐lived substances (Cl‐VSLS) are ubiquitous in the troposphere and can contribute to the stratospheric chlorine budget. In this study, we present measurements of atmospheric dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), tetrachloroethene (C2Cl4), chloroform (CHCl3), and 1,2‐dichloroethane (1,2‐DCA) obtained during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) global‐scale aircraft mission (2016–2018), and use the Community Earth System Model (CESM) updated with recent chlorine chemistry to further investigate their global tropospheric distribution. The measured global average Cl‐VSLS mixing ratios, from 0.2 to 13 km altitude, were 46.6 ppt (CH2Cl2), 9.6 ppt (CHCl3), 7.8 ppt (1,2‐DCA), and 0.84 ppt (C2Cl4) measured by the NSF NCAR Trace Organic Analyzer (TOGA) during ATom. Both measurements and model show distinct hemispheric gradients with the mean measured Northern to Southern Hemisphere (NH/SH) ratio of 2 or greater for all four Cl‐VSLS. In addition, the TOGA profiles over the NH mid‐latitudes showed general enhancements in the Pacific basin compared to the Atlantic basin, with up to ∼18 ppt difference for CH2Cl2 in the mid troposphere. We tagged regional source emissions of CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4 in the model and found that Asian emissions dominate the global distributions of these species both at the surface (950 hPa) and at high altitudes (150 hPa). Overall, our results confirm relatively high mixing ratios of Cl‐VSLS in the UTLS region and show that the CESM model does a reasonable job of simulating their global abundance but we also note the uncertainties with Cl‐VSLS emissions and active chlorine sources in the model. These findings will be used to validate future emission inventories and to investigate the fast convective transport of Cl‐VSLS to the UTLS region and their impact on stratospheric ozone.
Comparison of Short‐Term Cloud Feedbacks at Top of the Atmosphere and the Surface in Observations and AMIP6 Models
Authors: Wang Xiaocong , Miao Hao , Feng Juan , Liu Yimin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe compared short‐term cloud feedback, defined at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), the atmospheric column (ATM), and the surface (SFC), between observations and models participating in Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (AMIP6) for the period 2000–2014. The globally averaged net cloud feedbacks observed at TOA, ATM, and SFC are −0.06 ± 0.63, −0.17 ± 0.70, and 0.11 ± 0.81 W m−2 K−1, respectively. While most models produced TOA cloud feedbacks that agreed with the observations within uncertainty ranges, the intermodel spread at SFC and within ATM was relatively larger. This demonstrates that models are diverse in how their TOA feedback is distributed between ATM and SFC. Because short‐term cloud feedback is mainly driven by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the global‐mean cloud feedback was further decomposed into components from the ENSO and non‐ENSO regions. Results show that cloud feedback in these two regions tends to be inversely related. Compared to observations, almost all models overestimated the longwave cloud feedback in the ENSO region due to the overestimation of cloud amount changes for high‐topped clouds. For these models, it is the offset between deviations in ENSO and non‐ENSO regions that leads to the overall agreement of global mean with observations. Sensitivity tests show that the main conclusions still hold when alternative kernels are used in estimating cloud feedback.
Eccentricity Forcing of the Hydrological Cycle in East Asia During the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO)
Authors: Zhang Ruiyao , Huang Chunju , Kemp David B. , Zhang Ze , Wang Zhixiang , Zhang Xiaoyue , Zhao Deai , Jin Simin , Zhang Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO) may be a potentially useful analog for future global warming under high CO2 concentrations. However, a paucity of orbital‐scale terrestrial records limits our understanding of how the hydrological cycle responded during this protracted (∼4 Myr) interval of global warmth. In this study, we combine zircon U‐Pb dating and cyclostratigraphy to establish a high‐resolution astronomical timescale spanning the EECO (∼52.9 Ma to ∼49.9 Ma) through a >1 km fluviolacustrine succession from the Gonjo Basin, Southeast Tibet. Our results suggest that hydroclimate variability in the region during this interval was strongly controlled by eccentricity forcing (∼405 Kyr, ∼135–100 Kyr, and possibly ∼200 Kyr cycles). The dominance of eccentricity forcing in our record is consistent with coeval marine records, and indicates that modulation of low‐latitude summer insolation through nonlinear interactions with the global carbon cycle likely controlled hydroclimate and paleolake level in the Gonjo basin during the EECO. Our study offers new perspectives for the forcing mechanisms of terrestrial hydroclimate changes of East Asia in response to subtle changes in insolation during the EECO.