bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Prevalence of surgical site wound infection after spine surgery in nasal colonization of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Imam Mohamed S. , Abdel‐Sattar Randa M. , Alqarni Faisal , Aljumayi Saad Yousef S. , Altukhais Ibrahim , Altukhays Abdullah Saad , Abdelrahim Mohamed E. A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the meta‐analysis was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) after spine surgery (SS) in nasal colonization of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results of this meta‐analysis were analysed, and the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using dichotomous or contentious random‐ or fixed‐effect models. For the current meta‐analysis, 14 examinations spanning from 2014 to 2022 were included, encompassing 18 410 people who were tested for nasal colonization after SS. MRSA‐positive had a significantly higher SSI (OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 2.48–5.37, p < 0.001) compared with MRSA‐negative in SS subjects. However, no significant difference was found between methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus negative (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.32–2.79, p = 0.91), and Staphylococcus aureus positive and negative (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 0.26–17.41, p = 0.48) in SS subjects. The examined data revealed that MRSA colonization had a significant effect on SSI; however, methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus had no significant effect on SSI in SS subjects. However, given that some comparisons included a small number of chosen studies, attention should be given to their values.
Circulating metabolites and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Shu‐Yi , Zhang Ya‐Ru , Yang Liu , Li Yu‐Zhu , Wu Bang‐Sheng , Chen Shi‐Dong , Feng Jian‐Feng , Dong Qiang , Cheng Wei , Yu Jin‐Tai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdentifying circulating metabolites associated with dementia, cognition, and brain volume may improve the understanding of dementia pathogenesis and provide novel insights for preventive and therapeutic interventions. This cohort study included a total of 87 885 participants (median follow‐up of 9.1 years, 54% female) without dementia at baseline from the UK Biobank. A total of 249 plasma metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline. Cox proportional regression was used to examine the associations of each metabolite with incident dementia (cases = 1134), Alzheimer's disease (AD; cases = 488), and vascular dementia (VD; cases = 257) during follow‐up. Dementia‐associated metabolites were further analyzed for association with cognitive deficits (N = 87 885) and brain volume (N = 7756) using logistic regression and linear regression. We identified 26 metabolites associated with incident dementia, of which 6 were associated with incident AD and 5 were associated with incident VD. These 26 dementia‐related metabolites were subfractions of intermediate‐density lipoprotein, large low‐density lipoprotein (L‐LDL), small high‐density lipoprotein (S‐HDL), very‐low‐density lipoprotein, fatty acids, ketone bodies, citrate, glucose, and valine. Among them, the cholesterol percentage in L‐LDL (L‐LDL‐C%) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR [95% CI] = 0.92 [0.87–0.97], p = 0.002), higher brain cortical (β = 0.047, p = 3.91 × 10−6), and hippocampal (β = 0.043, p = 1.93 × 10−4) volume. Cholesteryl ester–to–total lipid ratio in L‐LDL (L‐LDL‐CE%) was associated with lower risk of AD (HR [95% CI] = 0.93 [0.90–0.96], p = 1.48 × 10−4), cognitive deficits (odds ratio = 0.98, p = 0.009), and higher hippocampal volume (β = 0.027, p = 0.009). Cholesteryl esters in S‐HDL (S‐HDL‐CE) were associated with lower risk of VD (HR [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.71–0.93], p = 0.002), but not AD. Taken together, circulating levels of L‐LDL‐CE% and L‐LDL‐C% were robustly associated with risk of AD and AD phenotypes, but not with VD. S‐HDL‐CE was associated with lower risk of VD, but not with AD or AD phenotypes. These metabolites may play a role in the advancement of future intervention trials. Additional research is necessary to gain a complete comprehension of the molecular mechanisms behind these associations.
Ethical dilemmas in contemporary psychiatry: Findings from a survey of National Psychiatric Associations in Europe
Authors: Samochowiec Jerzy , Frydecka Dorota , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Schouler-Ocak Meryam , Carpinello Bernardo , Chkonia Eka , Dom Geert , Falkai Peter , Misiak Błażej , Pinto da Costa Mariana , Wise Jan , de Picker Livia , Vahip Simavi , Wasserman Danuta , Galderisi Silvana , Bieńkowski Przemysław 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
The European Psychiatric Association (EPA) is an organization that speaks on behalf of its individual members and members of National Psychiatric Associations (NPAs). The aim of this study to identify and investigate current contents of ethical codes and practices in the countries belonging to EPA.

Methods
The study is an expert survey sent out to 44 representatives of 30 NPAs covering the following topics: the existence of national bodies dealing with ethical issues in psychiatry, the availability of documents relevant to ethical issues, the types of ethical issues addressed at the national level, and the current and envisaged ethical debates.

Results
Out of 44 experts invited to participate in the study, 31 NPAs from 30 countries responded (response rate 70.45%). In the majority of countries, the general mission statement serves as the main document covering ethical issues in psychiatry. Most frequently, internal documents were reported to address medical malpractice, workplace bullying, plagiarism, academic fraud, sexual abuse, and discrimination/racism. Furthermore, internal documents cover the ethical assessment of potentially controversial procedures, including psychosurgery, euthanasia, and pregnancy termination. The most important topics for debate at the level of NPAs/EPA were associated with violations of clinical practice standards and human rights.

Conclusions
NPAs are active in the field of professional ethics, defining ethical standards related to interactions among professionals and services provided by mental health care professionals. Future collaboration of NPAs, under the umbrella of the EPA, could allow to develop a database of local ethical documents that would be translated into English and accessible to all EPA members.
Approaches to the Middle Cerebellar Peduncle for Resection of Pontine Cavernomas
Authors: Wu Eva M. , Khan Nickalus R. , Sun Matthew Z. , Morcos Jacques J. 
Published: November 2023

INDICATIONS: CORRIDOR AND LIMITS OF EXPOSURE:
The expanded retrosigmoid approach with splitting of the horizontal cerebellar fissure provides a more direct and shorter route for central and dorsolateral pontine lesions while minimizing retraction of tracts, nuclei, and cerebellum.
1-4

ANATOMIC ESSENTIALS: NEED FOR PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND ASSESSMENT:
The middle cerebellar peduncle is partially covered by the petrosal surface of the cerebellum. The horizontal cerebellar fissure (petrosal fissure) divides the petrosal surface of the cerebellar hemisphere into superior and inferior parts. Splitting the petrosal fissure separates the superior and inferior petrosal surfaces and exposes the posterolateral middle cerebellar peduncle (posterior and lateral to the root entry zone of CN5).
1-4

ESSENTIALS STEPS OF THE PROCEDURE:
Expanded retrosigmoid craniotomy is performed, including unroofing of the sigmoid sinus; petrosal fissure is split to expose the posterolateral middle cerebellar peduncle; entry point for resection of the cavernoma is identified; nims stimulator stimulator is used to confirm the absence of tracts and nuclei; myelotomy is performed; and cavernoma and its draining vein (but not the developmental venous anomaly) are removed using a combination of traction and countertraction against gliotic plane.

PITFALLS/AVOIDANCE OF COMPLICATIONS:
Wide splitting of the horizontal cerebellar fissure minimizes retraction or resection of the cerebellum and offers the best angle of attack. Knowledge of brainstem anatomy and use of intraoperative navigation are critical to avoid complications.

VARIANTS AND INDICATIONS FOR THEIR USE:
Far lateral through the middle cerebellar peduncle is a variant that can be used to resect pontine cavernomas if a caudocranial trajectory is preferred.
The patient consented to the procedure and to the publication of her image.
Discrimination and Economic Expectations
Authors: Bazley William , Bonaparte Yosef , Korniotis George , Kumar Alok 
Published: November 2023

This paper examines whether perceptions of discrimination affect the economic expectations of U.S. households. We focus on two forms of expectations that play a central role in economic and financial decisions of households: labor income and inflation. Using experimental data, we demonstrate that discrimination generates greater dispersion in household forecasts. It increases subjective expectations of income uncertainty by 8% and inflation uncertainty by 5%. The impact of discrimination is concentrated among racial/ethnic minorities, inducing 12%–16% greater variation in their income uncertainty expectations and 10%–12% greater variation in their inflation uncertainty expectations. Both psychological and emotional factors appear to influence the discrimination–economic expectations relation. This paper was accepted by David Sraer, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02276 .
CKD stage-specific utility of two equations for predicting 1-year risk of ESKD
Authors: Zheng Sijie , Parikh Rishi V. , Tan Thida C. , Pravoverov Leonid , Patel Jignesh K. , Horiuchi Kate M. , Go Alan S. 
Published: November 2023

Background
The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) and Kaiser Permanente Northwest (KPNW) models have been proposed to predict progression to ESKD among adults with CKD within 2 and 5 years. We evaluated the utility of these equations to predict the 1-year risk of ESKD in a contemporary, ethnically diverse CKD population.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) with CKD Stages 3–5 from January 2008-September 2015. We ascertained the onset of ESKD through September 2016, and calculated stage-specific estimates of model discrimination and calibration for the KFRE and KPNW equations.

Results
We identified 108,091 eligible adults with CKD (98,757 CKD Stage 3; 8,384 CKD Stage 4; and 950 CKD Stage 5 not yet receiving kidney replacement therapy), with mean age of 75 years, 55% women, and 37% being non-white. The overall 1-year risk of ESKD was 0.8% (95%CI: 0.8–0.9%). The KFRE displayed only moderate discrimination for CKD 3 and 5 (c = 0.76) but excellent discrimination for CKD 4 (c = 0.86), with good calibration for CKD 3–4 patients but suboptimal calibration for CKD 5. Calibration by CKD stage was similar to KFRE for the KPNW equation but displayed worse calibration across CKD stages for 1-year ESKD prediction.

Conclusions
In a large, ethnically diverse, community-based CKD 3–5 population, both the KFRE and KPNW equation were suboptimal in accurately predicting the 1-year risk of ESKD within CKD stage 3 and 5, but more accurate for stage 4. Our findings suggest these equations can be used in1-year prediction for CKD 4 patients, but also highlight the need for more personalized, stage-specific equations that predicted various short- and long-term adverse outcomes to better inform overall decision-making.
Household food security access and dietary diversity amidst COVID-19 pandemic in rural Nepal; an evidence from rapid assessment
Authors: K. C. Dirghayu , Shrestha Namuna , Shrestha Rachana , Sunuwar Dev Ram , Poudyal Anil 
Published: November 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic led to surging concerns about food insecurity status throughout the world. In response to global and national concerns on food and nutrition security, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and determining factors of household food insecurity and dietary diversity among people from selected rural municipalities of Lalitpur district, Nepal.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 households. Pretested structured questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic characteristics of the participants, household income; influence of COVID-19 on their income and livelihood, household’s access to food and dietary diversity. Food insecurity was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS). A multivariable analysis was done using binary logistic regression model following a bivariate analysis to assess the association between the dependent and independent variables.

Results
More than one-third (36%) of the households reported some form of food insecurity. The overall mean score for Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) was 6.0 (±1.1). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that participants aged 41–64 years (aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.21–0.59), those over 64 years (aOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07–0.66), as well as those in service occupation (aOR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06–0.77) were associated with lower odds of HFIAS. Conversely, Participants belonging to a disadvantaged ethnic group (aOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.23–6.07), having no education (aOR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.16–11.71) or primary education (aOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.23–9.89), and those suffering from chronic illness (aOR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.53–6.35) were associated with higher odds of HFIAS. As for HDDS, participants aged 41–64 years (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28–0.83) were associated with lower odds of HDDS, while participants having no education (aOR = 10.05, 95% CI: 4.05–24.01) were associated with significantly higher odds of HDDS.

Conclusion
Owing to the pandemic, our study showed a substantial prevalence of food insecurity among diverse community residing in rural outskirts of Kathmandu Valley, particularly among disadvantaged ethnic group and people with lower level of education. Interventions targeting these particular groups may help in improving HFIAS and HDDS among them during emergencies.
Exposure to low levels of hydrogen sulphide and its impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung function in the geothermal area of Mt. Amiata in Italy: The cross-sectional InVETTA study
Authors: Stoppa Giorgia , Nuvolone Daniela , Petri Davide , Centi Letizia , Nisticò Francesca , Crocetti Emanuele , Barbone Fabio , Voller Fabio 
Published: November 2023

Background
The geothermal power plants for electricity production currently active in Italy are all located in Mt. Amiata area in the Tuscany region. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the framework of the regional project “InVETTA—Biomonitoring Survey and Epidemiological Evaluations for the Protection of Health in the Amiata Territories”, using objective measures of lung function to investigate the role of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in affecting the respiratory health of the population living in this area.

Methods
2018 adults aged 18–70 were enrolled during 2017–2019. Home and workplace addresses of participants were geocoded. Dispersion modelling was used to evaluate the spatial variability of exposure to H2S from the geothermal power plants’ emissions. We estimated average long-term historical exposure to H2S and more recent exposure indicators. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was defined according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to investigate associations between outcome and exposure.

Results
Our findings did not showed any evidence of an association between increasing H2S exposure and lung function impairments. Some risk reductions were observed: a -32.8% (p = 0.003) for FEV1<80% and a -51.7% (p = 0.001) risk decrease for FVC<80% were associated with interquartile increase (13.8 μg/m3) of H2S levels.

Conclusion
Our study provides no evidence that chronic exposure to low levels of H2S is associated with decrements in pulmonary function, suggesting that ambient H2S exposure may benefit lung function.
An interplay between dermatology and ophthalmology: a systematic review and meta-analysis on intense pulsed light therapy for Meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: Sambhi Raman-Deep Singh , Sambhi Gagan Deep Singh , Malvankar-Mehta Monali 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of intense pulsed light therapy (IPL) in treating Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye symptoms. Methods: This study was conducted following the PRISMA statement guidelines. Literature sources included MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and meeting abstracts from COS and ARVO. Articles underwent 3 stages of screening before data extraction and meta-analysis. Results: 493 studies were found. 50 remained after title screening, 23 after abstract screening and 8 progressed to data extraction. Meta-analysis indicated a significant increase in tear break-up time (TBUT) post-IPL in the less than 1-month follow-up (SMD=1.45; CI:[0.33, 2.57]), 1.5–2 months follow-up (SMD=2.08; CI: [1.14, 3.01]), and 3-months follow-up (SMD=3.28; CI:[2.78, 3.78]) groups and a non-significant increase in TBUT in the 6-month follow-up (SMD=1.90; CI:[-0.18, 3.98]) and at 12-months follow-up (SMD=0.0; CI:[-0.48, 0.48]) groups. Meta-analysis also indicated a significant increase in Schirmer’s test values during the less than 1-month (SMD=0.91; CI:[0.50, 1.31]) and 6-month (SMD=0.65; CI:[0.25, 1.04]) follow-up periods and a non-significant increase in Schirmer’s test values during the 1.5–2 month follow-up period (SMD=0.41; CI:[-0.93, 1.75]). Conclusions: The results suggested a significant increase up to 5-months and a non-significant increase at 6-months post-IPL for TBUT. They also suggested a significant increase in Schirmer’s test values during the less than 1-month and 6-month follow-up periods and a non-significant increase in Schirmer’s test values during the 1-month follow-up period. Ultimately, IPL seems to be a promising therapy for MGD, but we recommend future studies with longer follow-up periods.
Інтеграція України до Європейського Союзу у контексті розвитку теорії поля П.Бурдьє
Authors: Сокол Майя 
Published: November 2023

У статті досліджено шлях інтеграції України до Європейського Союзу у контексті застосування теорії соціального поля французького соціолога П’єра Бурдьє.
Досліджено основний категорійний апарат, поняття агентів, гравців, соціального поля, капіталу. Проведено аналогії із гравцями між Україною та ЄС, а результат інтеграції розглядається з точки зору єдиного поля. Розглянуто основні принципи соціального поля, зокрема взаємний вплив та досягнення власних інтересів агентами поля.
Метою статті є дослідження шляху Європейської інтеграції України з точки зору теорії соціального поля П. Бурдьє.
Актуальність статті обумовлена сучасним становищем України на шляху євроінтеграції, і необхідністю застосовувати дієві інструменти дослідження, прогнозу та аналізу ситуації.
У статті обумовлюється, що теорія П. Бурдьє є дієвим інструментом при дослідженні інтеграції України до ЄС, який дає змогу прогнозувати позитивні і негативні фактори об’єднання, визначає перешкоди і протиріччя в умовах досягнення інтересів агентами поля.
Результатом даної статті є моделювання входження України до ЄС з точки зору теорії П. Бурдьє. Простір об’єднання визнається соціальним полем; Україна та ЄС наділяються властивостями агентів – учасників поля, введеним П. Бурдьє. Зокрема, розглядається характеристика валентності агентів як їх питома вага, та взаємний вплив один на одного як невід’ємний результат взаємодії та базова характеристика поля. Наводяться приклади взаємного впливу двох суспільств у процесі інтеграції в різних сферах, зазначаються можливі позитивні і негативні варіанти інтеграції. Наводяться дані про складність державних систем, які інтегруються, та проектуються шляхи подолання супротиву даних систем змінам, які відбуваються.
Логічно обумовлюється висновок про закономірність і позитивний наслідок входження України до ЄС, підкреслюється ефективність позиції партнерства. Обґрунтовується актуальність подальших досліджень та необхідність більш детального погляду на проблему з точки зору теорії поля.
Technology Focus: Hydraulic Fracturing Modeling (November 2023)
Authors: McClure Mark 
Published: November 2023

The purpose of hydraulic fracture modeling is to improve engineering decision-making. Success requires practical knowledge, engagement with real data, theoretical understanding, and critical thinking. The payoff is tremendous; design improvements routinely yield major uplifts in well performance and project economics.
What types of papers push forward the state of the art for hydraulic fracturing modeling?
In the pure development of models, practitioners adopt different philosophies. Some seek faster running models for quicker results. Others focus on integration of physics, trying to capture the essential elements of all key physical processes and how they interact. Still others focus on high-precision answers to narrower aspects of the problem. The appropriate emphasis depends on the context of how and why the model is being used.
Many of the most influential papers of the past decade on hydraulic fracture modeling have not been modeling papers at all. Modeling depends on formulating a realistic conceptual model. New types of data collection and new ways of analyzing and interpreting data have given engineers a much clearer picture of what is happening in the subsurface. Extraordinary field-scale data-collection projects have given us calibration data that is not available from any other means. With a firmer foundation of knowledge, engineers can construct models that are not only precise but also, more importantly, accurate, and can apply them to solve practical problems.
The work flow—how modeling is integrated with field data, practical knowledge, and engineering decision-making—is just as important as the model itself. Thus, papers that offer practical case studies are valuable because they demonstrate work flows and success stories that others can build upon.
Hydraulic fracture modeling continues to be a vital contributor across a range of applications: shale, conventional reservoirs, and developing areas such as enhanced geothermal systems.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 212328 Interpretation of Fracture Initiation Points by In-Well Low-Frequency Distributed Acoustic Sensing in Horizontal Wells by Smith Leggett, Texas Tech University, et al.
URTeC 3864951 Revealing the Production Drivers for Refracs in the Williston Basin by Alexander Cui, Novi Labs, et al.
SPE 214784 Application of Hybrid Physics-Based and Data-Driven Fracture Propagation Modeling for Characterizing Hydraulic Fracture Geometry in Unconventional Reservoirs by K. Aldhayee, Texas A&M University, et al.