bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bycatch reduction devices exclude diamondback terrapins and maintain blue crab catch in two Virginia tidal creeks
Authors: Reinsel Madeline B. , Gibson Michael A. , Klesch Natalie M. , Chambers Randolph M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
The diamondback terrapin Malaclemys terrapin is frequently caught as bycatch in both commercial and recreational blue crab Callinectes sapidus fisheries throughout its range along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America. Bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) are plastic or wire rectangles mounted in the entrance funnels of crab traps, designed to exclude terrapins while still allowing crabs to enter. In this study conducted in two tidal creeks in Virginia, USA, we assessed the effectiveness of four BRD designs, including two novel oval designs, against control traps with no BRDs.

Methods
We tested four replicates of each of the five trap treatments (1.75-inch oval BRD, 2-inch oval BRD, 1.75-inch rectangular BRD, 2-inch rectangular BRD, and a control trap without a BRD) in each tidal creek, for a total of 20 traps per creek and 40 traps total. We fitted traps with wire chimneys that extended above the high tide water line to allow trapped terrapins to surface for air. For eight weeks during summer 2021, we baited traps with Atlantic Menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus each day, beginning on Monday. Tuesday–Friday, we emptied traps of any animals inside, and recorded terrapin sex, terrapin carapace length, terrapin carapace width, and terrapin shell height, as well as blue crab carapace length.

Result
We found that all four BRD designs were highly effective at excluding terrapins and maintaining crab catch when compared to control traps. We found a significant difference (p = 0.003) in catch per unit effort (CPUE) of diamondback terrapins among treatments, with the control group (those without BRDs) having the highest CPUE (0.97 ± 0.18). All traps fitted with BRDs decreased terrapin capture significantly compared to the control group. Oval BRDs excluded more terrapins than their rectangular counterparts with the same height dimension, although these differences were not significant. We found no significant difference in CPUE of blue crabs among treatments (p = 0.392), or in the size of legal crabs caught in each treatment (p = 0.216).

Conclusion
This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of both rectangular and oval-shaped BRDs to exclude terrapins and maintain crab catch in Virginia waters, where BRDs are not currently required.
Working with community fishers to determine the spawning seasonality of two commonly targeted jack species
Authors: Pardee Cassandra , Wiley John , Fendrick Taylor 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
To determine the spawning seasonality of two highly targeted jacks (Carangidae; Giant Trevally [known in Hawai’i as ulua aukea] Caranx ignobilis and Bluefin Trevally [known in Hawai’i as ‘ōmilu] Caranx melampygus) within Hawai’i through a collaborative effort with local fishers.

Methods
By working with volunteer fishers, we collected gonad samples for Giant and Bluefin trevally throughout a 15-month period on four of the main Hawaiian Islands. Spawning seasonality was assessed using histological gonad samples as well as mean monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI).

Result
Fishery involvement proved successful in collecting biological samples needed to understand the spawning seasonality of these species. Participants were able to macroscopically identify when females were spawning versus undeveloped following initial instruction from the researchers. Mature female GSI resulted in similar conclusions as histological analyses. Both species had a spawning season between February and September, with peak spawning occurring from May to July. During the spawning months, a semilunar spawning pattern was observed for Giant Trevally with peak GSI occurring shortly before the full moon. Bluefin Trevally had higher variability, with no distinct lunar periodicity.

Conclusion
Training fishers to be a part of the scientific process and collect gonad samples created trust in science and interest in learning more about the biology of their catch. By consistently sharing our progress and results through social media we were able to engage and build trust with the greater fishing community.
Active and Passive Cycling Decrease Subthalamic β Oscillations in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Bougou Vasiliki , Vanhoyland Michaël , Decramer Thomas , Van Hoylandt Anaïs , Smeijers Steven , Nuttin Bart , De Vloo Philippe , Vandenberghe Wim , Nieuwboer Alice , Janssen Peter , Theys Tom 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreserved cycling capabilities in patients with Parkinson's disease, especially in those with freezing of gait are still poorly understood. Previous research with invasive local field potential recordings in the subthalamic nucleus has shown that cycling causes a stronger suppression of β oscillations compared to walking, which facilitates motor continuation.MethodsWe recorded local field potentials from 12 patients with Parkinson's disease (six without freezing of gait, six with freezing of gait) who were bilaterally implanted with deep brain stimulation electrodes in the subthalamic nucleus. We investigated β (13–30 Hz) and high γ (60–100 Hz) power during both active and passive cycling with different cadences and compared patients with and without freezing of gait. The passive cycling experiment, where a motor provided a fixed cadence, allowed us to study the effect of isolated sensory inputs without physical exercise.ResultsWe found similarly strong suppression of pathological β activity for both active and passive cycling. In contrast, there was stronger high γ band activity for active cycling. Notably, the effects of active and passive cycling were all independent of cadence. Finally, β suppression was stronger for patients with freezing of gait, especially during passive cycling.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence for a link between proprioceptive input during cycling and β suppression. These findings support the role of continuous external sensory input and proprioceptive feedback during rhythmic passive cycling movements and suggest that systematic passive mobilization might hold therapeutic potential. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Exposure to written content eliciting weight stigmatization: Neural responses in appetitive and food reward regions
Authors: Anguah Katherene O. B. , Christ Shawn E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveNeural activity in food reward‐ and appetite‐related regions was examined in response to high‐calorie (HC), low‐calorie, and non‐food pictures after exposure to written weight stigma (WS) content. Relationships with eating behavior (by Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire [TFEQ]), blood glucose, and subjective appetite were also explored.MethodsAdults with overweight and obesity were randomized to read either a WS (n = 20) or control (n = 20) article and subsequently underwent brain scans while they rated pleasantness of food pictures. Fasting glucose, TFEQ, stigma experiences, and appetite were measured before reading the article, appetite after reading, and glucose and appetite again after the scan.ResultsA priori region of interest analyses revealed significant group differences in activation to HC > low‐calorie food cues in the caudate and thalamus whereas exploratory whole‐brain analyses suggested significant differences in regions including left insula, left thalamus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and bilateral middle occipital gyrus and superior parietal lobule (p < 0.005 uncorrected, k ≥ 200 m3). No significant relationships were observed between the pattern of activation and TFEQ, glucose, or subjective appetite in the WS group.ConclusionsExposure to WS was associated with increased responsiveness to HC food content in the dorsal striatum and thalamus in individuals with overweight and obesity.
On different classes of constitutive descriptions in finite electro‐mechanics: Computational modelling of isotropic and anisotropic electro‐active materials
Authors: Kanan Anas , Kaliske Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVarious constitutive formulations can be employed to simulate the coupled behaviour of electro‐active polymers (EAP). Those distinct mathematical descriptions vary with respect to the manner in which the electric field is coupled to the deformation. However, in principle, they are all capable of emulating the finite coupled response of EAP. The underlying coupling mechanism of largely deformable materials can be identified through experimental characterization. This contribution addresses the constitutive and finite element modelling of the actuation response of both isotropic and anisotropic EAP, where different material formulations are considered and implemented within a finite element framework. Those various material formulations are mathematically treated and employed to simulate electro‐mechanical experiments of dielectric materials. Existing coupled electro‐mechanical tests of active materials are referred to, where it is sought to employ different constitutive models to fit the experimental observations. Within the undertaken study, the capability of different descriptions to predict electro‐mechanical instabilities is evaluated. Regarding the numerical implementation of the model, it is referred to an electro‐mechanical Q1P0 finite element formulation. After performing the study and fitting experimental results associated to isotropic materials, the actuation response of several anisotropic EAP‐based structures is emulated.
In‐vitro and bio‐electrochemical characteristics of phytochemical enriched Co3O4 nanoparticles loaded biomimetic scaffold for preclinical analysis
Authors: Savitha S. , Surendhiran S. , Balu K. S. , Karthik A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe work aims for biomimetic fabrication of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) extract‐mediated cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) with chitosan‐sodium alginate scaffolds by solvent casting. Distinct concentrations of green synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles were combined to fabricate scaffolds. XRD analysis revealed the cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 18.83 nm. Smaller particle size, spherical morphology, and the presence of organic MOS extract had a substantial impact on the physio‐chemical properties of Co3O4 NPs. In‐vitro bioactivity Co3O4 NPs and nanoparticles anchored scaffolds were determined using simulated body fluid (SBF) through HAP formation. The scaffolds' swelling, protein absorption behavior and bio‐electrochemical analysis were evaluated under PBS. The antibacterial activity of Co3O4 NPs/scaffolds was more effective against Gram‐positive bacterial strains than Gram‐negative ones due to the increased production of ROS. In‐vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized Co3O4 NPs and scaffolds was tested against the MCF‐7 cell line using an MTT assay. These studies demonstrate that the Co3O4 NPs/scaffolds have excellent physico‐chemical characteristics that increase in‐vitro biocompatibility. Furthermore, impedance and LSV studies showed that biomimetic CSA 200 electrolytes extend host tissue's regenerative compatibility. Also, the anticancer and antibacterial properties of biomimetic scaffold enabled Co3O4 nanoparticles to retain their required biomaterial characteristics for tissue engineering applications.
Characterisation and identification of chemical constituents in aqueous extract of Fomes officinalis Ames based on ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Aisa Haji Akber , Liu Yongqiang , Tohtahon Zeynep , Xin Xuelei , Abdulla Rahima 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionFungal species are an attractive resource for physiologically functional food and drug precursor. Fomes officinalis Ames, a medicinal fungus, is traditionally used as a folk medicine in traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the therapy of cough and asthma. The water‐soluble substances in Chinese herbal medicines are likely to play an important physiological function. However, information on probing and identifying chemical components of the aqueous extract of Fomes officinalis Ames (AFO) remains unknown.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to screen and characterise the chemical components of AFO.Material and MethodsAn effective and sensitive ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐HRMS) method with the Full MS/PIL/dd‐MS2 acquisition approach was applied for the profiling of chemical components in AFO. An HSS T3 column was used for component separation, and a strategy of simultaneous targeted and untargeted multicomponent characterisation was implemented. Multiple identification approaches were used, including accurate molecular mass and elemental composition matching, literature and database searching, and fragmentation rules elucidation.ResultsA total of 115 components, including 20 amino acids and derivatives, six nucleobases, nine nucleosides, 75 dipeptides, two tripeptides, and three other components, were tentatively identified. Among them, the targeted exploring method screened six nucleobases and nine nucleosides including modified nucleosides. To our best knowledge, this is the first time a report has been done on the presence of the 115 compounds in AFO.ConclusionProfiling and characterisation compounds of AFO enriched its material basis, which would lay the foundation for improving potential medicinal and nutritional values and effecting comprehensive quality control of Fomes officinalis Ames.
A network pharmacology approach to explore the molecular mechanism of active peptide ingredients of Carapax Trionycis on liver fibrosis
Authors: Yan Zhibin , Zhao Guangyu , Lin Qihao , Zhuang Guiping , Zhu Jiayi , Jin Juan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCarapax Trionycis is a traditional Chinese medicine and it has been clear that oligo‐peptides from Carapax Trionycis extract (CTP) are the main active substances for the treatment of liver diseases. However, little is known about the mechanism of CTP against liver fibrosis. Here, network pharmacology combined with molecular docking were performed to identify the in‐silico molecular mechanism and the potential targets for CTP to ameliorate liver fibrosis. We collected eight active peptides ingredients that published in public databases and predicted the targets. Liver fibrosis related genes were acquired from the GeneCards and DisGeNET platform. Then, we identified a total of 52 peptides‐liver fibrosis‐related genes. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses indicated that these targets are significantly enriched in relaxin signaling pathway, IL‐17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway. We identified the top 10 genes with high centrality measures from the network by CytoHubba, including CASP3, AKT1, IL1B, MMP9, and PTGS2. The molecular docking between these hub genes and the corresponding CTP was performed in GRAMM and visualized by PyMOL. Our results provide an important reference and scientific basis for treating liver fibrosis with CTP.
A new way to understand migration routes of oceanic squid (Ommastrephidae) from satellite data
Authors: Ji Fei , Guo Xinyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractVisible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Boat Detection (VBD) data have been widely used to study the patterns of fishing grounds and their linking to fishery targets, particularly species mainly caught by jiggers. In line with most species in the Ommastrephidae family, the population of Todarodes pacificus is made up of various splinter cohorts concerning the timing and location of hatching. Therefore, the satellite‐recorded fishing grounds consist of groups with complex age structures and different migration directions within cohorts. This study examined the age composition of harvestable stocks (age spectrum) of T. pacificus in the Japan Sea based on an early life history individual‐based model of T. pacificus and VBD data. Using the age spectrum, we analysed the relationship between fishery effort and the age of the target group. It was found that jiggers most prefer individuals around 310 ± 20 days. Furthermore, the correlation between ambient water temperature and fishing effort revealed that T. pacificus migrated to colder waters, reaching the coldest waters at 250 ± 7.5 days before moving back towards warmer waters. We discussed a possible way to use the age‐temperature relationship to analyse the flow of VBD distributions to record the movements related to the migration of the fishing target. The results show migration‐like trajectories, which are initially parallel to the isotherm, gradually deflect towards lower temperature sides over several months, sharply turn for about a month and then move back with a slight angle to the isotherms. The method provides a potential framework to improve our understanding of the active migration of oceanic squid.
Ascorbic Acid‐Capped Copper Nanoclusters: A Turn‐On Fluorescence Sensor for Biliverdin
Authors: Ravindran Devika Sudha , Mukundan Swathi , Kumar Krishnapillai Girish 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA simple and facile turn‐on fluorescence sensor has been developed for the effective determination of an important bile pigment‐ Biliverdin (BVD), using ascorbic acid capped copper nanoclusters (AA CuNCs). This yellow colored, biocompatible material exhibits emission maximum at 445 nm on an excitation wavelength of 365 nm. The fluorescence intensity of AA CuNCs was enhanced efficiently in presence of BVD within the linear range 1.00×10−5 M to 2.00×10−6 M with a limit of detection 2.88×10−7 M. An aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) mechanism was suggested for the sensor. Practical utility of the proposed sensor has been validated in artificial urine and blood serum.
A Novel and Convenient Sol‐Gel Approach for the Synthesis of High‐Performance LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Cathode Materials in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Han Qing , Bao Chenguang , Xu Yongyi , Xie Lingling , Xiao Yongmei , Qiu Xuejing , Zhu Limin , Yang Xinli , Cao Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of high‐performance cathode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is urgently needed. Among the potential cathode candidates, ternary layer oxide LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LNCM) has attracted considerable attention due to its high voltage discharge, large theoretical specific capacity, stable chemical structure and low cost. However, Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing and low conductivity have resulted in poor long‐term cyclability, voltage drop and capacity degradation during high‐rate charging. To address these issues, a sol‐gel technique together with an annealing treatment was used to prepare LNCM with well‐defined structure and good morphology. The material obtained by heating the LNCM precursor at 850 °C for 12 h (LNCM‐850/12) exhibited an initial discharge specific capacity of 217.9 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and maintained a high reversible capacity of 116.1 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles. The LNCM‐850/12 electrode also demonstrated superior rate capacity and exceptional cycling stability due to its well‐defined structure, low Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing and good morphology. These characteristics improve the electrical/ionic conductivity, reduce the charge transfer resistance and shorten the Li+ diffusion distance, ultimately accelerating the Li+ insertion and extraction. Overall, the careful control of calcination time in LNCM synthesis provides valuable insights for the development of advanced cathodes for LIBs.
A 3D Lithiophilic Host for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode via One‐Step Carbonization of an Energetic Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Song Manrong , Li Yang , Gao Lei , Zhao Ruo , Xu Yifan , Han Songbai , Zhu Jinlong , Wang Liping , Zhao Yusheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLow Coulombic efficiency (CE) and safety issues are huge problems that hinder the practical application of Li metal anodes. Constructing Li host structures decorated with functional species can restrain the growth of Li dendrites and alleviate the great volume change. Here, a 3D porous carbonaceous skeleton modified with rich lithiophilic groups (Zn, ZnO, and Zn(CN)2) is synthesized as a Li host via one‐step carbonization of a triazole‐containing metal‐organic framework. The nano lithiophilic groups serve as preferred sites for Li nucleation and growth, regulating a uniform Li+ flux and uniform current density distribution. In addition, the 3D porous network functions as a Li reservoir that provides rich internal space to store Li, thus alleviating the volumetric expansion during Li plating/stripping process. Thanks to these component and structural merits, an ultra‐low overpotential for Li deposition is achieved, together with high CE of over 99.5% for more than 500 cycles at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2 in half cells. The symmetric cells exhibit a prolonged cycling of 900 h at 1 mA cm−2. The full cells by coupling Zn/ZnO/Zn(CN)2@C‐Li anode with LiFePO4 cathode deliver a high capacity retention of 94.3% after 200 cycles at 1 C.
Perspectives from across the globe
Authors: Moscaritolo Lisa Bardill 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOrganized to correspond to the seven regions of the International Association of Student Affairs and Services (IASAS), this section of the monograph illustrates the capacity building of over 50 associations that significantly influence the local, regional, and global practice, theory, frameworks, and scholarship of Student Affairs and Services (SAS). The aims of IASAS and its impact on internationalization and professionalization are introduced along with a summary of the associations’ reports. Authors for each regional perspective were chosen for their expertise in shaping student affairs and services practices locally and internationally.
Perspectives from the North America and the Caribbean Region
Authors: Seifert Tricia , Shea Robert , Huggins Jacqueline , Newman David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStudent affairs and services has a long history in higher education and associations followed suit to assist in the efforts of professionalization. This region differs in that in the US and Canada there are many specialized associations for certain functions in SAS but this report examines the works of four of the most established associations in three countries.
A critical analysis from the Global South on student affairs as a profession
Authors: Wildschut Angelique , Luescher Thierry M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the nature of the student affairs professionalization project, by analyzing the discourses evident in and legitimized through the Journal of Student Affairs in Africa (JSAA). The analysis is driven by three research questions: What is the extent of the journal's engagement with the terms profession, professionalism, professional, and professionalization? How are these terms used in the journal and how do these uses relate to the social justice imperative in Student Affairs and Services (SAS)? Overall, we find a stronger social justice discourse in comparison to the discourse on SAS as a profession. Furthermore, the professionalization discourse draws strongly on notions of professional traits and high‐level knowledge and skills. Finally, this article considers opportunities for a scholarship on the development of SAS as a profession and further theoretical development of the Sociology of Professions (SoP) from the Global South.