bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organisation of UK hospitals and anaesthetic departments in the treatment of peri‐operative cardiac arrest: an analysis from the 7th National Audit Project (NAP7) local co‐ordinator baseline survey
Authors: Kursumovic E. , Soar J. , Nolan J. P. , Plaat F. , Kane A. D. , Armstrong R. A. , Davies M. T. , Oglesby F. C. , Cortes L. , Taylor C. , Moppett I. K. , Agarwal S. , Cordingley J. , Dorey J. , Finney S. J. , Kunst G. , Lucas D. N. , Nickols G. , Mouton R. , Patel B. , Pappachan V. J. , Scholefield B. R. , Smith J. H. , Varney L. , Cook T. M. ,   Collaborators
Published: November 2023

SummaryWe report the results of the Royal College of Anaesthetists' 7th National Audit Project organisational baseline survey sent to every NHS anaesthetic department in the UK to assess preparedness for treating peri‐operative cardiac arrest. We received 199 responses from 277 UK anaesthetic departments, representing a 72% response rate. Adult and paediatric anaesthetic care was provided by 188 (95%) and 165 (84%) hospitals, respectively. There was no paediatric intensive care unit on‐site in 144 (87%) hospitals caring for children, meaning transfer of critically ill children is required. Remote site anaesthesia is provided in 182 (92%) departments. There was a departmental resuscitation lead in 113 (58%) departments, wellbeing lead in 106 (54%) and departmental staff wellbeing policy in 81 (42%). A defibrillator was present in every operating theatre suite and in all paediatric anaesthesia locations in 193 (99%) and 149 (97%) departments, respectively. Advanced airway equipment was not available in: every theatre suite in 13 (7%) departments; all remote locations in 103 (57%) departments; and all paediatric anaesthesia locations in 23 (15%) departments. Anaesthetic rooms were the default location for induction of anaesthesia in adults and children in 148 (79%) and 121 (79%) departments, respectively. Annual updates in chest compressions and in defibrillation were available in 149 (76%) and 130 (67%) departments, respectively. Following a peri‐operative cardiac arrest, debriefing and peer support programmes were available in 154 (79%) and 57 (29%) departments, respectively. While it is likely many UK hospitals are very well prepared to treat anaesthetic emergencies including cardiac arrest, the survey suggests this is not universal.
Threatened by others or by everything? The effects of momentary and trait loneliness on daily appraisals of social company and being alone in young adults
Authors: Piejka Aleksandra , Wiśniewska Marcelina , Okruszek Łukasz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTheoretical accounts of loneliness suggest that it may lead to psychopathological consequences by increasing the perception of social threat. However, it is unclear whether the real‐life effects of both trait and state loneliness are specific to social situations. To answer this question, two experience sampling studies were conducted with prestratified samples of young adults (18–35) with moderate (Study 1, N = 64) or low and high (Study 2, N = 103) levels of loneliness. Participants were asked to report their emotional states and appraisals of social and nonsocial situations. Multilevel modelling of momentary and time‐lagged associations revealed that trait loneliness was associated with less positive (Study 1) and more negative (Study 2) company appraisals. Importantly, in Study 2, trait loneliness was also related to less positive and more negative appraisals of being alone. Momentary loneliness was related to less positive and more negative appraisals of both types and predicted negative social appraisals over time in both studies. In Study 2, time‐lagged interaction effects on social appraisals were found between the two levels. The results suggest that in highly lonely individuals, both levels of loneliness may lead to a general negativity bias and have a synergistic effect.
Development of a predictive model for nephrotoxicity during tacrolimus treatment using machine learning methods
Authors: Noda Tsubura , Mizuno Shotaro , Mogushi Kaoru , Hase Takeshi , Iida Yoritsugu , Takeuchi Katsuyuki , Ishiwata Yasuyoshi , Nagata Masashi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimWhen administering tacrolimus, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended because nephrotoxicity, an adverse event, occurs at supra‐therapeutic whole‐blood concentrations of tacrolimus. However, some patients exhibit nephrotoxicity even at the recommended concentrations, therefore establishing a therapeutic range of tacrolimus concentration for the individual patient is necessary to avoid nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to develop a model for individualized prediction of nephrotoxicity in patients administered tacrolimus.MethodsWe collected data, such as laboratory test data at tacrolimus initiation, concomitant drugs and tacrolimus whole‐blood concentration, from medical records of patients who received oral tacrolimus. Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels within 60 days of tacrolimus initiation. We built 13 prediction models based on different machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, support vector machine, gradient‐boosting trees, random forest and neural networks. The best performing model was compared with the conventional model, which classifies patients according to the tacrolimus concentration alone.ResultsData from 163 and 41 patients were used to construct models and evaluate the best performing one, respectively. Most of the patients were diagnosed with inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. The best performing model was built using a support vector machine; it showed a high F2 score of 0.750 and outperformed the conventional model (0.500).ConclusionsA machine learning model to predict nephrotoxicity in patients during tacrolimus treatment was developed using tacrolimus whole‐blood concentration and other patient data. This model could potentially assist in identifying high‐risk patients who require individualized target therapeutic concentrations of tacrolimus prior to treatment initiation to prevent nephrotoxicity.
Designing economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in maternal health care: A guide for clinical trial design
Authors: Callander Emily J. , Bick Debra , Mistry Hema 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundEconomic evaluations are being conducted with increasing frequency in the maternity care setting, with more randomized controlled trials containing a health economic component. Key emerging criticisms of economic evaluation in maternity care are lack of robust data collection and measurement, inconsistencies in methodology, and lack of adherence to reporting guidelines.MethodsThis article provides a guide to the design of economic evaluations alongside clinical trials in maternal health. We include economic concepts and considerations for the maternity setting and provide examples from the UK and Australia.ResultsThere are many important considerations for the design of economic evaluations alongside clinical trials. To be effective, researchers must select types of economic evaluation, which align with their study objectives; choose an appropriate evaluation perspective, time horizon, and discount rate; and identify accurate ways to measure and evaluate health outcomes and costs.DiscussionThis guide is written for noneconomists and can be used for designing economic evaluations to be conducted as a part of clinical trials. We seek to improve the quality, consistency, and transparency of economic evaluations in maternal health.
The Chalcidoidea bush of life: evolutionary history of a massive radiation of minute wasps
Authors: Cruaud Astrid , Rasplus Jean‐Yves , Zhang Junxia , Burks Roger , Delvare Gérard , Fusu Lucian , Gumovsky Alex , Huber John T. , Janšta Petr , Mitroiu Mircea‐Dan , Noyes John S. , van Noort Simon , Baker Austin , Böhmová Julie , Baur Hannes , Blaimer Bonnie B. , Brady Seán G. , Bubeníková Kristýna , Chartois Marguerite , Copeland Robert S. , Dale‐Skey Papilloud Natalie , Dal Molin Ana , Dominguez Chrysalyn , Gebiola Marco , Guerrieri Emilio , Kresslein Robert L. , Krogmann Lars , Lemmon Emily , Murray Elizabeth A. , Nidelet Sabine , Nieves‐Aldrey José Luis , Perry Ryan K. , Peters Ralph S. , Polaszek Andrew , Sauné Laure , Torréns Javier , Triapitsyn Serguei , Tselikh Ekaterina V. , Yoder Matthew , Lemmon Alan R. , Woolley James B. , Heraty John M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChalcidoidea are mostly parasitoid wasps that include as many as 500 000 estimated species. Capturing phylogenetic signal from such a massive radiation can be daunting. Chalcidoidea is an excellent example of a hyperdiverse group that has remained recalcitrant to phylogenetic resolution. We combined 1007 exons obtained with Anchored Hybrid Enrichment with 1048 ultra‐conserved elements (UCEs) for 433 taxa including all extant families, >95% of all subfamilies, and 356 genera chosen to represent the vast diversity of the superfamily. Going back and forth between the molecular results and our collective knowledge of morphology and biology, we detected bias in the analyses that was driven by the saturation of nucleotide data. Our final results are based on a concatenated analysis of the least saturated exons and UCE datasets (2054 loci, 284 106 sites). Our analyses support an expected sister relationship with Mymarommatoidea. Seven previously recognized families were not monophyletic, so support for a new classification is discussed. Natural history in some cases would appear to be more informative than morphology, as illustrated by the elucidation of a clade of plant gall associates and a clade of taxa with planidial first‐instar larvae. The phylogeny suggests a transition from smaller soft‐bodied wasps to larger and more heavily sclerotized wasps, with egg parasitism as potentially ancestral for the entire superfamily. Deep divergences in Chalcidoidea coincide with an increase in insect families in the fossil record, and an early shift to phytophagy corresponds with the beginning of the “Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution”. Our dating analyses suggest a middle Jurassic origin of 174 Ma (167.3–180.5 Ma) and a crown age of 162.2 Ma (153.9–169.8 Ma) for Chalcidoidea. During the Cretaceous, Chalcidoidea may have undergone a rapid radiation in southern Gondwana with subsequent dispersals to the Northern Hemisphere. This scenario is discussed with regard to knowledge about the host taxa of chalcid wasps, their fossil record and Earth's palaeogeographic history.
Linking species distribution models with structured expert elicitation for predicting management effectiveness
Authors: Rose Lucy E. , Hemming Victoria , Hanea Anca M. , Wintle Brendan A. , Chee Yung En 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEffective biodiversity conservation requires robust and transparent prioritization of management actions. However, this is often hampered by a lack of spatially‐explicit data on habitat variables and empirical data on the effect of management actions. Although approaches exist that integrate structured expert elicitation (SEE) with species distribution models (SDMs) to encode species responses across habitat gradients, difficulties remain in predicting management outcomes under different settings, at a region‐wide scale when key habitat covariates are not spatially explicit. Therefore, we developed an approach to integrate SDMs with SEE to capture expert understanding of likely outcomes of management actions for individual frog species, and use this to spatially predict the effect of management actions. We demonstrate our approach across approximately 4000 wetlands in greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. As a measure of management effectiveness, we used the change in predicted probability of occurrence of seven frog species at wetlands 10 years after conservation actions are implemented (or not implemented). Management effect was elicited from experts under six scenarios. Individual expert estimates were aggregated using generalized linear models that were then used to spatially predict expected management effects, and a measure of uncertainty in the prediction, at all wetlands. Predicted management effect was strongly influenced by species initial probability of occurrence, with enhancing aquatic and surrounding vegetation an effective action for most species. We discuss practical challenges and recommend solutions in the integration of SDMs and SEE for the spatial prediction of management effect.
Postprocedure serum amylase or lipase levels predict postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: Meta‐analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies and utility assessment
Authors: Hirota Morihisa , Itoi Takao , Morizane Toshio , Koiwai Akinobu , Yasuda Ichiro , Ryozawa Shomei , Mukai Shuntaro , Ikeura Tsukasa , Irisawa Atsushi , Iwasaki Eisuke , Katanuma Akio , Kitamura Katsuya , Takenaka Mamoru , Ito Tetsuhide , Masamune Atsushi , Mayumi Toshihiko , Takeyama Yoshifumi 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesWe aimed to clarify the clinical utility of measuring serum pancreatic enzymes after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the purpose of predicting post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) by a meta‐analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies.MethodsStudies on the prediction accuracy of PEP by serum amylase or lipase measured at 2, 3, and 4 h after ERCP were collected. A literature search was performed in PubMed and the Cochrane Library database for studies published between January 1980 and March 2023. The quality of individual studies was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2. Data were analyzed using Meta‐DiSc 2.0 software.ResultsWe searched the databases and identified 20 observational studies (12,313 participants). PEPs were defined according to criteria by Cotton or modified Cotton, revised Atlanta criteria, or the Japanese criteria. Meta‐analysis of eight studies (4389 participants) showed a pooled sensitivity of 71.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 56.1–82.5) and pooled specificity of 91.2% (95% CI 85.9–94.6) for the serum amylase cut‐off value at 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN). Another meta‐analysis of five studies (1970 participants) showed a pooled sensitivity of 85.8% (95% CI 61.9–95.7) and pooled specificity of 85.3% (95% CI 81.9–88.1) for the serum lipase cut‐off value at 3 times ULN.ConclusionDespite a high risk of bias due to various reference standards, this updated meta‐analysis and the utility assessment by a decision tree showed the utility of serum amylase or lipase levels more than 3 times ULN measured 2–4 h after ERCP for predicting PEP.
A precise method of identifying Android application family
Authors: Li Dan , Lu Ning , Wang Siyu , Shi Wenbo , Choi Chang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImplementing the necessary countermeasures to detect the growing and highly destructive family of malware is an urgent obligation. The proliferation and diversity of malware make these problems more challenging. For beginners, it is arduous to attain crucial features for multi‐class family classification and extract valuable information from the obtained features. Another issue is that building a classification model that effectively absorbs multi‐class samples and adapts to various features is challenging. This work indicates a precise identification method for Android application families (ANDF) to tackle these issues. It perceptively analyzes the features that multi‐class families can utilize to identify members and further excavates the relationship between implicit information and the severity of those distinctions. A more appropriate classification model is developed for the heterogeneous file formats, and a more beneficial feature with a diverse array of heterogeneous information is chosen as the replacement representation of the sample. It is capable of upgrading learning ability and mastering the multi‐modal traits of the family malware. The application of ANDF to real data sets yields effective classification results. It is capable of 0.9800 in f1‐macro and has a classification accuracy of 98.61%. It performs, respectively, 0.0088 points better than the two‐feature comparison classification model and 0.0872 points better than the single‐feature comparison classification model. The kappa coefficient can also exceed 0.9830, which is at least 0.1044 higher than other contrasting classifiers and is 0.0105 greater than that of the contrasted model containing two features, which is 0.1046 larger than the classifier with a contrasting single feature.
Spatial agglomeration of information services industry and its evolution: Evidence from the Pearl River Delta, China
Authors: Zhang Ling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe information services (IS) industry, which facilitates industrial transformation and upgrading, has emerged as a key driving force behind China's economic growth in recent years. More evidence can be accumulated from the Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the largest transforming economies and IS gathering region in China. Firstly, this paper investigates the spatial patterns and dynamics of IS agglomeration in the PRD from 2003 to 2018, using the spatial autocorrelation analysis and Kernel density analysis. Secondly, a dynamic panel model with a system generalized method of moments (SYS‐GMM) estimation is employed to identify the factors significantly influencing the industry agglomeration economy. Results show that: (1) Large firms continue to gather in the core area of major cities, while smaller firms show a more balanced distribution from the core to periphery regions. The spatial proximity of firms proves that micro firms benefit less from industrial agglomeration compared to larger ones. (2) The effects of agglomeration externalities on economic growth remains positive, with labor force and commuting costs playing a vital role in the expansion of the IS industry. By integrating geo‐spatial information and empirical evidence, this study contributes to China's understanding and experience as a late‐developing country in the digital economy era. Finally, policies supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs), improving the effectiveness of government subsidies, and strengthening industry‐university research cooperation are proposed.
Encapsulation of thymol and limonene in metal–organic frameworks for inhibition of Colletotrichum musae growth
Authors: Zuniega Johnrell , Grabulos Joël , Lebrun Marc , Aumond Thibaud , Daniel Cécile , Brat Pierre , Farrusseng David 
Published: November 2023

SummaryMonoterpenes are the most prevalent compounds found in essential oils. They exhibit inhibitory actions against phytopathogenic postharvest fungi. Direct application limits their effectiveness due to their instability, high volatility, hydrophobicity and susceptibility to degradation. Encapsulation systems using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been developed to maximise their use. In this study, four protocols were shown to encapsulate thymol and limonene in porous solids, such as ZIF‐8, UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 and zeolite 13X. Vapourisation and diffusion at 60 °C for 16 h was found to be the most efficient encapsulation process. A larger amount of thymol than limonene was loaded in the porous solids. Thymol released from MOFs slowed down the growth of Colletotrichum musae by up to 6 days at 25 °C. There was a sustained release of thymol even beyond the period of maximum fungal growth. This proof‐of‐concept study revealed the potential utility of MOFs as carriers of thymol against postharvest fungi.
Exploring antioxidant activities and inhibitory effects against α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase of Elaeocarpus braceanus fruits: insights into mechanisms by molecular docking and molecular dynamics
Authors: Li Hong , Zhang Yuanyue , Liu Zhijia , Guo Chaofan , Battino Maurizio , Cai Shengbao , Yi Junjie 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe present work investigated the antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects towards α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase of phenolic compounds in Elaeocarpus braceanus fruits and clarified their possible mechanisms based on molecular docking and dynamic analysis. A total of 12 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in the extracts of E. braceanus fruits using UHPLC‐ESI‐HRMS/MS. The TPC and TFC were 229.18 ± 5.76 mg GAE/g and 144.85 ± 1.17 mg RE/g, respectively. In vitro analyses, E. braceanus fruits extracts exhibited good antioxidant activities and demonstrated strong inhibitory effects towards α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics results showed that quercetin and myricetin can stably form hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces with the active amino acid residues of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase, and thereby inhibiting their enzymatic activities. The findings might provide a good potential natural resource for improving oxidative stress damage and controlling blood glucose in diabetes.
Effect of prothrombin Belgrade mutation, causing antithrombin resistance, on fibrin clot properties
Authors: Dunjic Manevski Sofija , Cumbo Marija , Pruner Iva , Gvozdenov Maja , Tomic Branko , Taxiarchis Apostolos , Antovic Jovan , Djordjevic Valentina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionProthrombin Belgrade mutation is the result of the c.1787G>A substitution in the prothrombin gene. It is located in the antithrombin and sodium binding site and leads to impaired inactivation of thrombin by antithrombin, resulting in antithrombin resistance and thrombotic disorders. However, it negatively affects sodium binding and may have hypocoagulant effects. Considering that prothrombin Belgrade mutation mechanism is still not fully elucidated and that sodium binding is important for thrombin affinity towards fibrinogen, our aim was to determine whether this mutation affects fibrin clot formation and lysis.MethodsUsing HEK293T cell line, recombinant wild type and mutated prothrombin were generated by transient transfection. Samples that correspond to plasma of a non‐carrier, heterozygous and homozygous carriers were reconstituted using prothrombin deficient plasma and recombinant proteins. Reconstituted samples were used in OHP assay (Overall Hemostasis Potential) to determine kinetic profiles of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Clot turbidity assay was performed to observe kinetics of clot formation and lysis more closely. Fibrin clots formed in reconstituted plasma samples were analyzed by confocal microscopy to determine density of fibrin network. Fibrin clots were additionally observed using electron microscopy to determine thickness of individual fibrin fibers.ResultsNo significant difference found in OHP, OCP, OFP, and fibrin network density between wild type, heterozygous, and homozygous carrier reconstituted plasma samples. There were significant differences between samples for slope and slope time parameters in kinetic profiles and fibrin fiber thickness.ConclusionsResults indicate that prothrombin Belgrade mutation has no significant impact on fibrinolysis, however it may affect kinetics of clot formation and its architecture.
Tracing the Hand of God: Divine Providence, Dutch Colonial Policy, and Herman Bavinck
Authors: Pass Bruce R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this essay, I trace the main contours of Herman Bavinck's account of divine providence, outlining its unique features. I then highlight ways that Bavinck's parliamentary speeches which touch on the subject of colonial policy in the Dutch East Indies expose a hidden risk in his formulation of this doctrine. In conversation with recent reflections on this doctrine, I then argue that this problem is not insurmountable. By way of conclusion, I suggest ways that it might be overcome so that the more promising features of Bavinck's doctrine of providence might be retrieved.