bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of fludarabine‐based conditioning regimens in adult cord blood transplantation for myeloid malignancy: A retrospective, registry‐based study
Authors: Kurita Naoki , Imahashi Nobuhiko , Chiba Shigeru , Tanaka Masatsugu , Kobayashi Hikaru , Uchida Naoyuki , Kuriyama Takuro , Anzai Naoyuki , Nawa Yuichiro , Nakano Nobuaki , Ara Takahide , Onizuka Makoto , Katsuoka Yuna , Koi Satoshi , Kimura Takafumi , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Kanda Junya ,   for the Donor/Source Working Group of the Japanese Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
Published: January 2024

AbstractFludarabine/busulfan and fludarabine/melphalan are viable options as conditioning regimens. However, the optimal fludarabine‐based conditioning in cord blood transplantation (CBT) remains unclear. Therefore, this retrospective, registry‐based study aimed to analyze the impact of five fludarabine‐containing conditioning regimens on 1395 adult patients (median age, 61 years) with acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and chronic myeloid leukemia who underwent their first CBT. Treatment outcomes of fludarabine combined with melphalan (100–140 mg/m2) and low‐dose total body irradiation (TBI; FM140T); melphalan (80–99 mg/m2) and TBI (FM80T); busulfan (12.8 mg/kg) and melphalan (FB4M); busulfan (12.8 mg/kg) and TBI (FB4T); and busulfan (6.4 mg/kg) and TBI (FB2T) were compared. The 3‐year survival rate was 67%, 53%, 44%, 36%, and 39%, respectively (p < .0001). The FM140T survival rate was the most favorable after adjusting for confounders, and the hazard ratios (vs. FM140T) for overall mortality were as follows: FM80T, 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–2.2); FB4M, 2.1 (95% CI, 1.6–2.8); FB4T, 2.7 (95% CI, 2.0–3.7); and FB2T, 2.2 (95% CI, 1.6–3.1). The better survival observed with FM140T, regardless of the disease, disease risk, age, or transplant year, was attributed to the lower relapse rate and lower non‐relapse mortality (NRM) associated with fewer infectious deaths. Conversely, FB4T was associated with a higher relapse rate and higher NRM. The findings indicate that the outcomes of CBT in myeloid malignancies were highly dependent on both the alkylating agent and its dose in combination with fludarabine. Therefore, compared with fludarabine/busulfan‐based conditioning, FM140T may be the preferred regimen.
Local Water Content in Polymer Gels Measured with Super‐Resolved Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
Authors: Jana Sankar , Nevskyi Oleksii , Höche Hannah , Trottenberg Leon , Siemes Eric , Enderlein Jörg , Fürstenberg Alexandre , Wöll Dominik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWater molecules play an important role in the structure, function, and dynamics of (bio‐) materials. A direct access to the number of water molecules in nanoscopic volumes can thus give new molecular insights into materials and allow for fine‐tuning their properties in sophisticated applications. The determination of the local water content has become possible by the finding that H2O quenches the fluorescence of red‐emitting dyes. Since deuterated water, D2O, does not induce significant fluorescence quenching, fluorescence lifetime measurements performed in different H2O/D2O‐ratios yield the local water concentration. We combined this effect with the recently developed fluorescence lifetime single molecule localization microscopy imaging (FL‐SMLM) in order to nanoscopically determine the local water content in microgels, i.e. soft hydrogel particles consisting of a cross‐linked polymer swollen in water. The change in water content of thermo‐responsive microgels when changing from their swollen state at room temperature to a collapsed state at elevated temperature could be analyzed. A clear decrease in water content was found that was, to our surprise, rather uniform throughout the entire microgel volume. Only a slightly higher water content around the dye was found in the periphery with respect to the center of the swollen microgels.
Tuning Nanopore Structure of Hard Carbon Anodes by Zinc Gluconate for High Capacity Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Zongliang , Li Guanjie , Liang Gemeng , Zhao Pei , Gong Xuerong , Dai Jiaxin , Xiong Hesen , Zhang Zonghan , Mao Jianfeng , Zhang Shilin , Wang Baofeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHard carbon serves as a highly promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries due to its stable structure and cost‐effectiveness. Although the hard template method is commonly employed to enhance the sodium storage capacity, the reported process steps are complicated. In this study, we introduced a facile approach by utilizing ZnO as a self‐sacrificed template to engineer pore structures with one step for template removal without using harmful chemicals. Our investigations reveal that pretreatment of the material before carbonization can reduce the specific surface area and defect degree of the final hard carbon. When utilized as an anode material, the as‐prepared hard carbon demonstrated a reversible capacity of 334 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 84 %. Even at a high current density of 2 A g−1, the capacity stabilized at 183 mAh g−1 after 1000 continuous cycles. Electrochemical storage behavior and ex‐situ Raman spectroscopy unveiled insights into the potential sodium storage mechanism. These findings present a new approach to enhancing the reversible properties of hard carbon anode materials for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries.
Concomitant antihypertensive medication and outcome of patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer receiving enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate
Authors: Fiala Ondřej , Hošek Petr , Korunková Hana , Hora Milan , Kolář Jiří , Šorejs Ondřej , Topolčan Ondřej , Filipovský Jan , Liška Václav , Santoni Matteo , Buti Sebastiano , Fínek Jindřich 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe introduction of novel hormonal therapies represented by enzalutamide (ENZ) and abiraterone acetate (ABI) has reached a great progress in the treatment of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The majority of mCRPC patients are elderly suffering from chronic co‐morbidities requiring use of various concomitant medications. In the present study, we focused on impact of concomitant antihypertensive medication on the outcomes of mCRPC patients treated with ENZ or ABI.MethodsIn total, 300 patients were included and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAngiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) represented the only concomitant medication significantly associated with survival. The median radiographic progression‐free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients using ACEIs were 15.5 and 32.3 months compared to 10.7 and 24.0 months for those not using ACEIs (p = 0.0053 and p = 0.0238, respectively). Cox multivariable analysis revealed the use of ACEIs a significant predictive factor for both rPFS (HR = 0.704, p = 0.0364) and OS (HR = 0.592, p = 0.0185).ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest an association between the concomitant use of ACEIs and longer survival of mCRPC patients receiving ENZ or ABI therapy.
Electrochemical Redox Conversion of Formate to CO via Coupling Fe−Co Layered Double Hydroxides and Au Catalysts
Authors: Zheng Xia , Wu Qianbao , Xiao Mengjun , Li Lei , Zhao Ruijuan , Cui Chunhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFormate has been considered an inactive molecule and thus cannot be further reduced under CO2 reduction conditions, which limits its widespread application as feedstock. Here we present an electrochemical redox conversion of formate to CO through the potential‐dependent generation of carbon dioxide radical anions (CO2⋅−) on Fe−Co layered double hydroxides (Fe−Co LDHs) and the subsequent reduction of CO2⋅− to CO on Au catalysts. We present an electrodeposition protocol for the synthesis of Fe−Co LDHs with precise composition control and find that Fe1Co4 exhibits a promising potential window for CO2⋅− formation between 1.14 and 1.4 V and an optimized potential at 1.24 V at a neutral pH condition. We further determined the formation of CO2⋅− at 1.24 V via electron paramagnetic resonance and CO2 at >1.4 V through differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. This work provides a redox chemistry route for converting formate into CO through a coupled slit parallel‐plate electrode system.
A kinetic model of the cycloaddition reactions between cyclopentadiene and 1,3‐butadiene for synthesis of 5‐vinyl‐2‐norbornene
Authors: Li Hao , Liu Xue , Zhang Yan , Xiao Yang , Cao Kun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnder high temperature and pressure, a continuous tubular reactor was successfully utilized to investigate the kinetics of 5‐vinyl‐2‐norbornene (VNB) production. The process involved multiple cycloaddition reactions between cyclopentadiene (CPD) and 1,3‐butadiene (BD). The results, spanning a wide range of operating conditions, indicate that higher temperature (180°C) and proper residence time (72 min) were conducive to efficient synthesis of VNB. The apparent kinetic parameters, including activation energies and pre‐exponential factors, were acquired by fitting experimental data under integral operating conditions. The kinetic model was proven effective from a practical point of view in predicting the concentration changes of each product in the range 140 to 180°C and 30 to 80 wt.% concentration. This work provides a solid basis for the optimization of the VNB synthesis process.
Digital twin of a droplet microarray platform: Evaporation behavior for multiple droplets on patterned chips for cell culture
Authors: Wu Yanchen , Urrutia Gomez Joaquin E. , Zhang Hongmin , Wang Fei , Levkin Pavel A. , Popova Anna A. , Nestler Britta 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrecise control of the evaporation of multiple droplets on patterned surfaces is crucial in many technological applications, such as anti‐icing, coating, and high‐throughput assays. Yet, the complex evaporation process of multiple droplets on well‐defined patterned surfaces is still poorly understood. Herein, we develop a digital twin system for real‐time monitoring of key processes on a droplet microarray (DMA), which is essential for parallelization and automation of the operations for cell culture. Specifically, we investigate the evaporation of multiple nanoliter droplets under different conditions via experiments and numerical simulations. We demonstrate that the evaporation rate is not only affected by the environmental humidity and temperature but is also strongly linked to the droplet distribution on the patterned surfaces, being significantly reduced when the droplets are densely distributed. Furthermore, we propose a theoretical method to aid in the experimental detection of volumes and pH variation of evaporating droplets on patterned substrates. This versatile and practical strategy allows us to achieve active maneuvering of the collective evaporation of droplets on a DMA, which provides essential implications for a wide range of applications including cell culture, heat management, microreactors, biochips, and so on.
Identification of new diagnostic targets for hepatitis B virus‐induced liver fibrosis
Authors: Wang Ying , Qin Shuo , Yang Meng , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLiver fibrosis is a transitional stage from hepatitis to cirrhosis, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most common cause of liver disease. Transcriptome sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis are increasingly being used to screen diagnostic targets for liver fibrosis.MethodsThe GSE171294 dataset of HBV‐induced liver fibrosis tissue and normal tissue was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database and used to screen for differentially expressed mRNAs using R software. mRNAs with |log fold change| >1 and p < 0.05 were considered to be differentially expressed. A heat map was drawn to visualize the expression patterns of the differentially expressed mRNAs. To screen for candidate target mRNAs, the differentially expressed mRNAs were annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis. Finally, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to analyze the relationships between the differentially expressed mRNAs.ResultsA total of 243 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified (p < 0.05); 129 were up‐regulated and 114 were down‐regulated. The up‐regulated and down‐regulated mRNAs were significantly enriched in 16 and 8 KEGG pathways, respectively. The enriched KEGG pathways included Salmonella infection, Protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, IL‐17 signaling pathway, and Aldosterone synthesis and secretion. The enriched GO terms were related mainly to cell proliferation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum complex assembly, and myosin synthesis. The PPI network contained 161 nodes and 120 pairs of interactions. The top 10 key nodes were CAV1, CD4, NR3C1, PDIA3, EZR, IRF4, SOX9, HSP90AB1, CD40, and SEC13.ConclusionsBioinformatics analysis of the transcriptome sequencing data in the GSE171294 dataset identified CD4, NR3C1, and EZR and other genes at key nodes as new targets for the treatment of liver fibrosis caused by HBV. These results provide new insights for HBV‐induced liver fibrosis research and clinical treatment.
The Steatocrit
Authors: Colombo C. , Maiavacca R. , Ronchi M. , Consalvo E. , Amoretti M. , Giunta A. 
Published: January 2024

SummarySteatocrit was determined through microcentrifugation of fecal homogenate from 110 pediatric controls and 107 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). For 74 CF patients, steatocrit was determined in the same fecal material collected to determine a tat balance. In controls, steatocrit value was 0.7 ‐ 1.0%, which was significantly lower than values found in CF patients with a coefficient of fat excretion <10% of intake (1.7 ± 1.2%). Significantly increased values were found in CF patients with a coefficient of fat excretion ranging between 10 and 25% of intake (4.7 ± 1.7%) and in those whose coefficient of fat excretion was >25% of intake (11.3 + 4.3%). In the 74 CF patients, steatocrit was directly correlated to the coefficient of fat excretion (r 0.93: P < 0.001). We performed steatocrit several times in the course of the 1st year of life in 33 infants with CF diagnosed by means of CF screening. Values obtained at the time of diagnosis, before starting enzymatic therapy, were relatively high: they showed a progressive decrease when, using steatocrit as a guide, the dose of pancreatic enzymes had been increased. The normalization of steatocrit values was accompanied by a better growth rate in the majority of these infants, confirming the importance of an optimal early correction of pancreatic insufficiency. We propose that this simple semiquantitative test can be usefully performed for the frequent monitoring of fat absorption and for checking the response to enzymatic therapy in patients with CF.
Familial Neonatal Hemochromatosis with Survival
Authors: Colletti Richard B. , Clemmons Jackson J. W. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryWe report two sisters with neonatal hemochromatosis (NHC), including the first documented survivor. Characterized by excessive parenchymal iron in liver, pancreas, heart, and other organs, but little iron in the spleen, bone marrow, or other sites of the reticuloendothelial system, NHC is rarely reported and has been uniformly fatal. The first infant (case 1) presented with neonatal hypoglycemia, coagulopathy, and mild hyperbilirubinemia; she rapidly deteriorated and died of multisystem failure. Autopsy showed cirrhosis. Her sister (case 2) presented similarly; liver biopsy showed giant cell hepatitis, which is consistent with idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (INHP). However, iron staining revealed that case 1 had extensive iron deposits in the liver, pancreas, heart, thymus, and bone, but none in bone marrow or spleen. Case 2 had grade 4 liver iron staining, normal bone marrow iron, elevated serum ferritin and transferrin saturation, and HLA‐A3 haplotype. At 16 months of age, the growth, development, and serum measures of iron status in case 2 were normal; liver biopsy showed fibrosis, negative iron staining, and normal tissue iron concentration. NHC is compatible with survival, has clinicopathologic features that overlap with INHP, and may frequently be misdiagnosed as INHP. A prospective study is needed to determine the incidence and natural history of NHC a disorder that may be more common than is currently recognized.
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy for Varices in Children
Authors: Sarin S. K. , Misra S. P. , Singal A. K. , Thorat V. , Broor S. L. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThirty‐one children with variceal bleeding due to portal hypertension (extrahepatic obstruction 19, non‐cirrhotic portal fibrosis five, and cirrhosis of liver seven patients) were treated with endoscopic sclerotherapy with absolute alcohol. Acute variceal bleeding was successfully controlled in 10 patients by emergency sclerotherapy. A 3 weekly schedule of sclerotherapy could achieve obliteration of varices in all the patients. The mean (SD) number of sclerotherapy courses and the time required for variceal cradication was 4.5 × 1.7 and 14.4 × 3.9 weeks, respectively. During a mean follow‐up of 23.3 × 11.4 months, variceal recurrence was seen in three (9.7%) patients, two with cirrhosis and one with noncirrhotic portal fibrosis. Recurrence was not seen in any patient with extrahepatic obstruction. Five (16.1%) patients had a rebleed that could be controlled with emergency selerotherapy. Esophageal stricture developed in four (12.9%) patients and could be dilated easily in all of them. The other complications of sclerotherapy included retrosternal pain, dysphagia, and fever; these were mild and short lasting. Survival in patients with extrahepatic obstruction and noncirrhotic portal fibrosis was 100%. The only death was in a cirrhotic, who died due to terminal hepatic failure. In conclusion, endoscopic sclerotherapy can be recommended as a safe and effective treatment in children for the control of acute variceal bleeding and for variceal obliteration.
Feeding Gastrostomy in Neurologically Impaired Children
Authors: Langer Jacob C. , Wesson David E. , Ein Sigmund H. , Filler Robert M. , Shandling Barry , Superina Riccardo A. , Papa Moshe 
Published: January 2024

SummarySome authors recommend a routine “protective” antireflux procedure (ARP) in neurologically impaired children undergoing feeding gastrostomy (FG). Over 4 years, we performed FG in 107 neurologically impaired children aged 1 month to 16 years. Ninety‐eight had preoperative radiological assessment for gastroesophageal reflux (GER), which was documented in 44, of whom 33 had FG plus ARP and II had FG alone. Seven of the 11 subsequently developed symptomatic GER and 5 of them had a secondary ARP. Of the 54 children with no demonstrable GER preoperatively. 3 children underwent FG plus ARP. The remaining 51 had FG alone. There was one postoperative death. Of the 50 surviving patients. 22 developed symptomatic GER and 17 of these had a subsequent ARP. Mean follow‐up of 20.0 months showed that the risk of developing GER after FG alone was not influenced by age, sex, indication for FG, underlying diagnosis, or method of gastrostomy. There was no significant difference in mortality and early morbidity between patients undergoing FG alone and those having FG with simultaneous or subsequent ARP. Only 44% of our patients in whom GER was not demonstrated initially developed symptomatic GER followed FG alone. This incidence does not justify a routine “protective” ARP.
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy of Esophageal Varices in Infants and Children
Authors: Thapa Babu R. , Mehta Saroj 
Published: January 2024

SummaryThirty children, aged 7 months to 13 years, with bleeding esophageal varices were managed by endo‐scopic sclerotherapy (EST). Of these children, 73.3% had extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO), 16.6% had cirrhosis of the liver, and 10% had noncirrhotic portal fibrosis. EST was done with fiberoptic pediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopes and a flexible sclerotherapy needle under sedation with intravenous diazepam and pentazocine. The sclerosants used were ethoxysclerol 1% and absolute alcohol. Ten injections were given to control active variceal bleeding, and 145 injections were given on planned basis at 2–3‐week interval. An average of five injections was required to obliterate the esophageal varices. In 90% of cases, an avariceal state was achieved; 10% had decreased size and number of varices. Emergency EST was effective to control bleeding in all sessions. Complications, including retrosternal discomfort, esophageal ulceration, stricture formation, and aspiration pneumonia, occurred in 60, 20, 20, and 6.6% of cases, respectively; complications were managed conservatively. Strictures were dilated with Eder‐Puestow's olive dilators. Recurrence of esophageal varices, gastric varices, and rebleeding was seen in 13.3, 13.3, and 10% of cases, respectively. Shunt surgery was performed in 13.3% cases, who had developed gastric varices and were having EHPVO.
Acceptability, Tolerance, and Nutritional Value of a Rice‐Based Infant Formula
Authors: Gastañaduy Arturo , Cordano Angel , Graham George G. 
Published: January 2024

Summary:An infant formula based on high protein rice flour, with added lysine and threonine, was evaluated in recovering malnourished infants. Acceptability, tolerance, and the digestibility of most major nutrients (energy 93.9 ± 0.7%, fat 96.9 ± 0.3%, carbohydrate 96.8 ± 0.6% of intake) were excellent. Digestibility of protein, as with all rice products, was moderately low (80.1 ± 3.3%), but its high biological value made N retention equal to that from casein. Plasma‐free amino acids were consistent with the low essential/total amino acids ratio found in cereals, with slower absorption, and with the possibility that leucine was the first‐limiting amino acid. Absorptions of Ca, Mg, PO4, and Zn were considered satisfactory. Energy costs of weight gain and the estimated percentage N in the weight gained during 14 days were comparable to those attained with the highest quality cow's milk‐derived formulas in children of similar ages and nutritional status.
Neuronal Intestinal Dysplasia
Authors: Simpser Edwin , Kahn Ellen , Kenigsberg Kenneth , Duffy Lynn , Markowitz James , Daum Fredric 
Published: January 2024

SummaryNeuronal intestinal dysplasia (NID) clinically resembles Hirschsprung's disease but is characterized by hyperplasia rather than aganglionosis of the intramural plexus. Surgical intervention is common. We report the 5‐year follow‐up of an infant with the mixed form of NID managed medically and a method by which NID can be quantified historically. Hyperganglionosis was determined by counting the number of ganglia per high‐power field and the number of ganglion cells per ganglia from at least two biopsy specimens. The patient's biopsies and biopsies from “normal” and “inflamed” patients were compared. Normals contained 0.68 ± 0.28 (X ± SD) ganglia per high‐power field and 2.16 ± 0.31 ganglion cells per ganglion. The inflamed biopsies were similar, 0.69 ± 0.38 ganglia per high‐power field and 2.63 ± 0.40 ganglion cells per ganglion. The patient's initial rectal biopsy revealed 7.6 ganglia per high‐power field and 3.8 ganglion cells per ganglion. Management of the patient included saline colonic irrigations and hyperalimentation with gradual reinstitution of breast‐feeding. Clinical improvement was associated with normalization of manometry and biopsy findings, a phenomenon not documented previously in the literature. Irrigations were stopped at age 9 months, and the child is now asymptomatic.