bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2526 Web-based compassion interventions for family caregivers’ mental well-being
Authors: Zhang Q , Zhu M , Chen R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The ageing population has increased the demand for family caregivers, who often suffer from psychological distress, especially compassion fatigue. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the effectiveness of web-based compassion interventions in improving the mental well-being of family caregivers.

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Proquest were searched from database inception until manuscript submission date. Eligible studies included family caregivers participating in web-based compassionate interventions with reported mental wellness indicators, such as self-compassion. Two independent researchers conducted a literature review, extracted data, and assessed the quality of each study using the Risk of Bias 2 tool. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to pool the data, followed by subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses and Egger’s tests.

Results
Out of 1095 studies evaluated, eight randomised controlled trials (encompassing 1978 participants) were included, with 75% exhibiting low risk of bias and high-quality evidence. Meta-analysis results indicated positive effects of web-based compassion interventions on family caregivers’ self-compassion (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.58, P = 0.009) and mindfulness (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.90, P = 0.04). These interventions also demonstrated a positive impact on reducing stress (SMD: -0.32, 95% CI -0.59 to −0.04, P = 0.02) and anxiety (SMD: -0.28, 95% CI -0.47 to −0.09, P = 0.003). Subgroup analyses highlighted superior self-compassion outcomes for caregivers supporting individuals with mental illness and cancer compared to those caring for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Interventions lasting ≥8 weeks were the most common and effective.

Conclusions
Web-based compassion interventions benefit family caregivers by enhancing self-compassion, mindfulness, and reducing anxiety and stress. More well-designed studies are suggested for future clinical applications.
Decoding the Intricate Metabolic and Biochemical Changes in Plant Senescence: a focus on chloroplasts and mitochondria
Authors: Carillo Petronia , Ferrante Antonio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Plant senescence is a genetically controlled process that results in the programmed death of plant cells, organs, or the entire plant. This process is essential for nutrient recycling and supports the production of plant offspring. Environmental stresses such as drought and heat can hasten senescence, reducing photosynthetic efficiency and significantly affecting crop quality and yield.

Scope
This mini-review seeks to clarify the complex metabolic and biochemical transformations involved in plant senescence by explaining the mechanisms in a straightforward and connected manner. It focuses on key cellular processes such as genetically programmed or stress-induced senescence, chlorophyll metabolism and nutrient recycling, while also exploring the roles of signaling molecules and pathways.

Conclusions
Understanding the complexities of plant senescence may help manage crop aging, address climate change, and cut post-harvest losses. Enhancing crop resilience to stress and decelerating aging can reduce the need for overproduction, thereby decreasing pollution and conserving resources. Tackling food waste, which constitutes about one-third of global supplies, is crucial for ensuring food security and fostering environmental sustainability.
METTL7A improves bovine IVF embryo competence by attenuating oxidative stress
Authors: Zhu Linkai , Ming Hao , Scatolin Giovanna N , Xiao Andrew , Jiang Zongliang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In vitro fertilization is a widely used assisted reproductive technology to achieve a successful pregnancy. However, the acquisition of oxidative stress in embryo in vitro culture impairs its competence. Here, we demonstrated that a nuclear coding gene, methyltransferase-like protein 7A, improves the developmental potential of bovine embryos. We found that exogenous methyltransferase-like protein 7A modulates expression of genes involved in embryonic cell mitochondrial pathways and promotes trophectoderm development. Surprisingly, we discovered that methyltransferase-like protein 7A alleviates mitochondrial stress and DNA damage and promotes cell cycle progression during embryo cleavage. In summary, we have identified a novel mitochondria stress eliminating mechanism regulated by methyltransferase-like protein 7A that occurs during the acquisition of oxidative stress in embryo in vitro culture. This discovery lays the groundwork for the development of methyltransferase-like protein 7A as a promising therapeutic target for in vitro fertilization embryo competence.
Human-in-the-loop machine learning-based quantitative assessment of hemifacial spasm based on volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination MR
Authors: Huang Zengan , Wang Xinyi , Liu Xiaoming , Li Jingwen , Hu Xinyu , Yu Qinwei , Kuang Guiying , Xiong Nian , Gao Yi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of hemifacial spasm (HFS) through quantitative measures that associated it with neurovascular contact (NVC).

Methods
We enrolled 108 HFS patients (63 severe and 45 mild cases) and implemented a human-in-the-loop approach to develop a quantitative NVC feature package. This process involved using interactive segmentation on three-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) MR images to delineate vascular and nerve structures. From these segmentations, we extracted quantitative NVC features, forming an NVC feature package, and applied a support vector machine model to assess HFS severity.

Results
Our interactive segmentation technique achieved high accuracy (Dice similarity coefficients of 0.905 ± 0.030 for vascular structures and 0.922 ± 0.086 for nerves). The NVC feature package, comprising distance between vascular structures and nerves, vascular diameter, their ratio, and clinical characteristics, enabled our model to assess HFS severity with an AUC of 0.823 (95% CI: 0.714-0.932, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
This study introduced a quantitative approach to understanding the relationship between HFS severity and NVC, using VIBE MR imaging. Our model offers a promising tool for enhancing clinical decision-making and offers deeper insights into the impact of NVCon HFS, aiming to improve patient outcomes.

Advances in knowledge
Microvascular decompression is well-established as a safe and effective treatment for HFS. However, there is a gap assessing the severity of HFS using quantitative measures that directly link it to NVC. Our method introduced a quantitative and objective alternative for assessing the severity of HFS to addressing this gap.
CSF production rate, resistance to reabsorption, and intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Olakorede Ihsane , Bögli Stefan Y , Czosnyka Zofia , Czosnyka Marek , Smielewski Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Davson’s equation relates the state of stable intracranial pressure (ICP) to the production rate of CSF (IF) and resistance to CSF outflow (ROUT). Both parameters are assumed to be independent of ICP, but results are conflicting. The objective is to define the relationship between ICP, IF and ROUT using a systematic literature review. Medline and Embase were searched from inception up to 12 February 2024. Experimental studies exploring the association between ICP, IF, and ROUT were included. Individual measurements of ICP, IF and/or ROUT were extracted from tables or graphs, alongside descriptive parameters (population, ICP measurement site, disease, and computational method). Linear regression and mixed effects models were applied. From 1304 references, 25 articles were included in our meta-analysis. IF is approximately constant across all pathologies independent of the ICP level, population, disease, ICP measurement site and the measurement/estimation method. Conversely, ICP was positively correlated with ROUT. The intercorrelation, however, differed by population, disease, ICP measurement site and estimation method. Additionally, IF derived from Davson’s Equation compared with the measured IF were similar for patients with hydrocephalus but differed for patients with acute brain injury. Davson’s Equation describes the various components of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. The results underline important caveats for its use in patients with acute brain injury wherein the estimated values differ from the measured ones. Overall, additional metrics describing the cerebrovascular system or the underlying disease have to be taken into account for more accurate estimations.
Enhancing retrieval capacity of the predictive brain through dorsolateral prefrontal cortex intervention
Authors: Szücs-Bencze Laura , Vékony Teodóra , Pesthy Orsolya , Kocsis Krisztián , Kincses Zsigmond Tamás , Szabó Nikoletta , Nemeth Dezso 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Extracting spatial or temporal patterns across experiences is essential for skill acquisition and predictive processes. The prefrontal cortex plays a central role in regulating competitive cognitive systems, with a particular influence on executive functions, often opposing statistical learning. This regulatory function may account for observed improvements in the acquisition and consolidation of statistical regularities following inhibition of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex via repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. However, whether access to previously acquired statistical knowledge can similarly benefit from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex inhibition remains unclear. This preregistered study investigated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex’s role in retrieving pre-existing statistical knowledge of temporal regularities. Healthy human participants engaged in an implicit probabilistic sequence learning task followed by a 24-h consolidation period. Before retesting, they received either 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or sham stimulation over the left, right, or bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 10 min. We observed that retrieval of statistical regularities was enhanced in the Bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex group compared to the Sham group. Our findings suggest that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex inhibition may facilitate access to statistical knowledge, particularly when interhemispheric compensatory mechanisms are limited. These insights advance our understanding of the dynamic neural background of statistical learning and may inform strategies for cognitive enhancement.
Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Aberrant Adipogenesis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Impaired Antibacterial Function in Adipocytes of Creeping Fat
Authors: Wu Fangting , Xie Wenting , Yu Anqi , Lin Xiaoxia , Ouyang Ting , Fei Jieying , Liu Xi , Yang Hui , Zhang Da , Shi Jintao , Wang Weidong , Huang Miaoxing , Chen Guiquan , Xie Fang , Wu Fengfei , Bai Lan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aim
Creeping fat (CF) in Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by hyperplastic mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) encasing fibrotic intestinal segments. CF exhibits disruptions in microbiota and lipid metabolism, particularly in lysophospholipids (LPC). This study aims to elucidate the impact of LPC on adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in CF and its effects on immune defense functions in the differentiated adipocytes.

Methods
Isolated adipocytes of MAT from CD and Non-CD patients were analyzed for bacterial counts and composition using AQ-PCR and 16S rRNA. RNA sequencing was performed on isolated adipocytes to assess functionality. LPC levels in CD patients and their effects on adipocyte immune defense were measured using lipidomics, ELISA, and bacterial killing assays. A TNBS-induced colitis model was used to measure LPC levels in plasma and gene expression in MAT.

Results
Significant shifts in microbial diversity and bacterial load were observed in CF-derived adipocytes, characterized by increased colonization by pathogenic bacteria and diminished antibacterial capabilities. Sequencing analysis revealed downregulation of antimicrobial genes, including SAA1/2, and upregulation of lipid metabolism-related genes. Lipidomic analysis of CF showed elevated LPC levels, a pro-inflammatory lipid also found in plasma of CD patients. In vitro experiments demonstrated LPC promotes adipogenesis through EGR2, while impairing adipocytes' antibacterial immunity. These findings were consistent in the TNBS-treated mouse model, where increased LPC levels in the blood, and a significant reduction in SAA1/2-positive adipocytes were noted.

Conclusions
LPC-induced aberrant adipogenesis in CF is a newly identified pathological feature in CD patients and a potential therapeutic target.
The effect of first intervention on cardiac parameters in patients with acromegaly: a systematic review
Authors: Huynh Kevin A , Al-Gully Jin , Montero-Cabezas José M , Scheffers Linda E , Verstegen Marco J T , Biermasz Nienke R , Coopmans Eva C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Cardiovascular disease in acromegaly patients remains a major cause of morbidity and all-cause mortality. This systematic review investigates the effect of the first growth hormone-lowering intervention on cardiac parameters.

Design
Systematic review.

Methods
Studies evaluating cardiac parameters following the first intervention in acromegaly published up to February, 25, 2022 were included in this systematic review. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Primary treatment modalities included (transsphenoidal) surgery and medical treatment with first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands. Cardiac outcome measures were divided into cardiac structure (left ventricular hypertrophy [LVH], [indexed] left ventricular mass [LVM/LVMi]) and cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] and E/A ratio).

Results
Twenty-six studies (17 cohort studies and 9 case reports) were included out of 2541 potential studies. The risk of bias analysis categorized, 24 studies as low risk and 2 studies as intermediate risk. Disease-associated changes in cardiac structure and function generally improved in most studies following primary treatment. Left ventricular mass/left ventricular mass index significantly decreased in 9/15 studies and the prevalence of LVH in 3/13 studies. Left ventricular ejection fraction significantly increased in 9/14 studies and the E/A ratio in 6/7 studies. Despite the limited number of studies, cardiac structure improved more in patients achieving biochemical remission than in those failing to achieve biochemical remission.

Conclusions
Acromegaly associated structural and functional myocardial changes improve with both medical and surgical treatment. Normalizing or even reducing growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 levels may be key in the prevention of further progression of cardiac involvement in acromegaly and adverse cardiac outcomes.
Medicaid-covered health care visits during the postpartum year: Variation by enrollee characteristics and state
Authors: Smith Laura Barrie , O’Brien Claire , Wei Keqin , Waidmann Timothy A , Kenney Genevieve M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Extending pregnancy-related Medicaid eligibility from 60 days to 12 months postpartum represents an important opportunity to reduce maternal mortality and racial inequities in maternal health outcomes. However, patterns of health care service use after 60 days postpartum among Medicaid enrollees are not well understood. We use Medicaid claims data representing Medicaid-covered live births in 46 states in 2018 to examine outpatient visits during the postpartum year. We find that more than three-quarters of enrollees with full-year Medicaid coverage have at least one outpatient visit between 61 days and 12 months postpartum. The share of enrollees with visits varies from 51.5% to 88.0% across states and is higher among enrollees with diagnosed physical or mental/behavioral health conditions or pregnancy/delivery complications. We also find that visits including mental/behavioral health care are more common for non-Hispanic white enrollees than non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic enrollees and for rural enrollees than urban enrollees during the postpartum year, controlling for other characteristics. These findings suggest that many Medicaid enrollees who maintain Medicaid coverage beyond 60 days postpartum will receive outpatient care but also suggest that there may be inequities in receipt of postpartum health care across and within states.
Generalizability of Randomized Controlled Trials to Routine Clinical Care in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Chhibba Tarun , Frolkis Alexandra , Stein Levi R , Lee Sangmin , Schill Kaela , Mitevska Elena , Judge Allap K , Martin Marie-Louise , Martin Meaghan , Novak Kerri L , Lu Cathy , Ingram Richard J M , Chan Melissa M , Shukla Tushar , Seow Cynthia H , Kaplan Gilaad G , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N , Panaccione Remo , Ma Christopher 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Historically, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been criticized for being poorly generalizable to patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) evaluated in routine care. We aimed to evaluate the proportion of patients with UC starting an advanced therapy who would be eligible to participate in phase 3 registrational UC RCTs.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients starting vedolizumab, ustekinumab, or tofacitinib at 2 IBD clinics at the University of Calgary. Patient charts, endoscopy reports, and laboratory results were reviewed, and compared against the inclusion and exclusion criteria from 5 RCTs (GEMINI-I, UNIFI, OCTAVE, ELEVATE, and LUCENT). The proportion of patients who would have been deemed eligible versus ineligible for trial participation at the time of starting a new advanced therapy was determined.

Results
A total of 125 patients with UC were included: 78 (62.4%) would have been eligible for at least one of the considered RCTs. Trial-eligible patients were younger, less likely to be exposed to prior immunosuppressants, and had higher C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin. The most common reason for trial ineligibility was having inadequate disease activity at baseline (Mayo endoscopy subscore &lt;2 or absence of rectal bleeding). A significantly greater proportion of patients would have been eligible for LUCENT (45.6%) compared to GEMINI-I (24.8%), OCTAVE (35.2%), or ELEVATE (35.2%) (P &lt; .01 for all comparisons).

Conclusions
Half of patients with UC starting advanced therapy in routine care may be eligible for participation in phase 3 RCTs. Disease activity is the primary reason for trial exclusion.
Krill swarm biomass, energetic density, and species composition drive humpback whale distribution in the Northern California Current
Authors: Kaplan Rachel L , Bernard Kim S , Derville Solène , Fisher Jennifer L , Phillips Elizabeth M , Daly Elizabeth A , Warren Joseph D , Torres L G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Prey abundance and quality are dynamic in time and space, impacting predator ecology. We examine variation in species-specific krill quantity and quality as prey for humpback whales in the Northern California Current region, using generalized additive models to assess metrics including biomass and energy density derived from an integrated dataset of concurrent active acoustics, net tows, and marine mammal observations (2018–2022). Overall, prey metrics were positively correlated with humpback whale presence, with increasing trends modified by seasonal (early versus late foraging season) and spatial (continental shelf versus offshore) variation (model deviance explained 36.3%–40.8%). Biomass and energy density had strong positive effects on humpback whale presence, suggesting whales target high-quality swarms that offer more energy per lunge. Elevated Thysanoessa spinifera abundance near humpback whales suggests that they target this species, particularly in the late season when they are energetically richer than Euphausia pacifica, the region’s other abundant krill species. Environmental change may decrease krill abundance and quality, impacting humpback whales’ ability to meet energetic requirements and potentially driving changes in their distributions and exposure to anthropogenic threats. Clarifying drivers of humpback whale krill patch selection can improve species distribution models and aid managers in mitigating risk to whales.
Long-term retention of the pedicled thymic flap after bronchial stump coverage
Authors: Karasaki Takahiro , Fujimori Sakashi , Suzuki Souichiro , Kikunaga Shinichiro , Ito Kazuki , Hamada Yosuke , Mihara Shusei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the feasibility and retention rates of pedicled thymic flaps to enhance understanding of bronchial stump coverage. A retrospective analysis of 22 consecutive patients who underwent anatomical lung resection followed by bronchial stump coverage with pedicled thymic flaps between January 2017 and December 2022 was conducted. The procedure was performed using a minimally invasive three-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery technique for all patients with no complications related to graft harvest or fixation. Postoperative retention of the engrafted flaps was evaluated in the 16 patients who underwent thin-slice computed tomography at least once after surgery. The majority of the postoperative computed tomography examinations were performed for surveillance of lung cancer recurrence. The retention rates of pedicled thymic flaps were 100% at 60 days, 87% at 180 days and 70% at 1 year post-surgery. Pedicled thymic flaps can be safely harvested using a minimally invasive approach, and the majority of engrafted flaps remain adjacent to the bronchial stump for more than 1 year. This technique may be a viable option for patients at high risk of a delayed bronchopulmonary fistula.