bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studienabschnitt „Vom Symptom zur Erkrankung“ – Schritte in ein integriertes Zahnmedizincurriculum
Authors: Lemke Rüdiger , Mirzakhanian Christine , Sehner Susanne , Bruhn Natascha 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungIn Anlehnung an den am Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf bereits etablierten Modellstudiengang Humanmedizin (iMED) wurde das zahnmedizinische Ausbildungskonzept grundlegend überarbeitet und der Modellstudiengang Zahnmedizin (iMED DENT) entwickelt. Hierbei wurden Reformziele wie Interdisziplinarität zwischen Zahnmedizin und Medizin, früher Patient:innenkontakt, psychosoziale und kommunikative Kompetenzen sowie eine wissenschaftliche Orientierung festgelegt. Der zweite Studienabschnitt „Vom Symptom zur Erkrankung“ im 2. und 3. Studienjahr stellt das Bindeglied zwischen der „Normalfunktion“ im 1. Studienjahr und dem letzten klinischen Ausbildungsabschnitt „Therapie“ dar. Der modulare Aufbau des Modellstudiengangs ermöglicht es, Themen repetitiv aufzugreifen und zu vertiefen sowie in der präklinisch praktischen Ausbildung zahnärztliche Fertigkeiten als Vorbereitung auf die Behandlung von Patient:innen zu verfestigen. Die zahnärztliche Prophylaxe, das Assistieren in der Klinik und die Befunderhebung bei Patient:innen schaffen in diesem Ausbildungsabschnitt den frühen Bezug zur Praxis. Neu integriert sind der Wissenschafts- und Kommunikationsstrang, die ebenfalls modular und in enger Verzahnung mit der Zahnmedizin stattfinden. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse der jährlichen Lehrevaluationen der ersten 3 Kohorten des Modellstudiengangs sprechen für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung, zeigen aber auch, dass die kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung und Verbesserung des Konzeptes anzustreben sind.
Combined treatment of wood with thermosetting resins and phosphorous flame retardants
Authors: Wu Muting , Emmerich Lukas , Kurkowiak Katarzyna , Militz Holger 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWood modification with thermosetting resins results in improved dimensional stability and durability. However, the treatment does not enhance fire resistance. To address this, Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) was impregnated with thermosetting resins such as 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea, phenol-formaldehyde resin and melamine-formaldehyde resin, along with a phosphorus polyol as the flame retardant. Both weight percent gain and cell wall bulking were measured to investigate the deposition of resin and phosphorus polyol. Fire resistance was assessed through thermogravimetric analysis, Bunsen burner test and mass loss calorimeter. The inclusion of a phosphate polyol improved thermal stability, reduced flammability and heat release. Melamine-formaldehyde resin combined with phosphorus polyol demonstrated self-extinguishing capability with the heat release rate comparable to non-combustible materials inside 400 s. Moreover, the total heat release within 600 s shows an 84% reduction compared to untreated wood.
Analysis of the contact critical pressure of collapsible tubes for biomedical applications
Authors: Laudato Marco , Mihaescu Mihai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe onset of self-excited oscillations in airways and blood vessels is a common phenomenon in the human body, connected to both normal and pathological conditions. A recent experimental investigation has shown that the onset of self-excited oscillations happens for values of the intramural pressure close to the contact critical pressure. The goal of this work is to analyse the dependence of the contact critical pressure on the vessel’s geometric parameters. The methodology is based on the implementation of an experimentally validated computational model of a collapsible tube. The results confirm the correlation between the contact critical pressure and the onset of self-excited oscillations in collapsible tubes. Moreover, a set of general equations to compute the contact critical pressure and the corresponding areas of collapsible tubes with arbitrary geometries has been derived.
Micro simulated moving bed chromatography-mass spectrometry as a continuous on-line process analytical tool
Authors: Diehm Juliane , Witting Lennart , Kirschhöfer Frank , Brenner-Weiß Gerald , Franzreb Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractContinuous manufacturing is becoming increasingly important in the (bio-)pharmaceutical industry, as more product can be produced in less time and at lower costs. In this context, there is a need for powerful continuous analytical tools. Many established off-line analytical methods, such as mass spectrometry (MS), are hardly considered for process analytical technology (PAT) applications in biopharmaceutical processes, as they are limited to at-line analysis due to the required sample preparation and the associated complexity, although they would provide a suitable technique for the assessment of a wide range of quality attributes. In this study, we investigated the applicability of a recently developed micro simulated moving bed chromatography system (µSMB) for continuous on-line sample preparation for MS. As a test case, we demonstrate the continuous on-line MS measurement of a protein solution (myoglobin) containing Tris buffer, which interferes with ESI-MS measurements, by continuously exchanging this buffer with a volatile ammonium acetate buffer suitable for MS measurements. The integration of the µSMB significantly increases MS sensitivity by removing over 98% of the buffer substances. Thus, this study demonstrates the feasibility of on-line µSMB-MS, providing a versatile PAT tool by combining the detection power of MS for various product attributes with all the advantages of continuous on-line analytics.
Graphical abstract
Immersive virtual reality-based rehabilitation for subacute stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Huang Qianqian , Jiang Xixi , Jin Yun , Wu Bo , Vigotsky Andrew D. , Fan Linyu , Gu Pengpeng , Tu Wenzhan , Huang Lejian , Jiang Songhe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Few effective treatments improve upper extremity (UE) function after stroke. Immersive virtual reality (imVR) is a novel and promising strategy for stroke UE recovery. We assessed the extent to which imVR-based UE rehabilitation can augment conventional treatment and explored changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) that were related to the rehabilitation.

Methods
An assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was performed with 40 subjects randomly assigned to either imVR or Control group (1:1 allocation), each receiving rehabilitation 5 times per week for 3 weeks. Subjects in the imVR received both imVR and conventional rehabilitation, while those in the Control received conventional rehabilitation only. Our primary and secondary outcomes were the Fugl-Meyer assessment’s upper extremity subscale (FMA-UE) and the Barthel Index (BI), respectively. Both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were performed to assess the effectiveness of the trial. For both the FMA-UE/BI, a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model was used, with the FMA-UE/BI at post-intervention or at follow-up, respectively, as the dependent variable, the two groups as the independent variable, baseline FMA-UE/BI, age, sex, site, time since onset, hypertension and diabetes as covariates.

Results
Both ITT and PP analyses demonstrated the effectiveness of imVR-based rehabilitation. The FMA-UE score was greater in the imVR compared with the Control at the post-intervention (mean difference: 9.1 (95% CI 1.6, 16.6); P = 0.019) and follow-up (mean difference:11.5 (95% CI 1.9, 21.0); P = 0.020). The results were consistent for BI scores. Moreover, brain FC analysis found that the motor function improvements were associated with a change in degree in ipsilesional premotor cortex and ipsilesional dorsolateral prefrontal cortex immediately following the intervention and in ipsilesional visual region and ipsilesional middle frontal gyrus after the 12-week follow-up.

Conclusions
ImVR-based rehabilitation is an effective tool that can improve the recovery of UE functional capabilities of subacute stroke patients when added to standard care. These improvements were associated with distinctive brain changes at two post-stroke timepoints. The study results will benefit future patients with stroke and provide evidence for a promising new method of stroke rehabilitation.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03086889.
Multistage stochastic dominance: an application to pension fund management
Authors: Kopa Miloš , Moriggia Vittorio , Vitali Sebastiano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA pension fund manager typically decides the allocation of the pension fund assets taking into account a long-term sustainability goal. Many asset and liability management models, in the form of multistage stochastic programming problem, have been proposed to help the pension fund manager to define the optimal allocation given a multi-objective function. The recent literature proposes univariate stochastic dominance constraints to guarantee that the optimal strategy is able to stochastically dominate a benchmark portfolio. In this work we extend previous results (i) considering alternative types of multivariate stochastic dominance that appear more suitable in a multistage framework, (ii) proposing a way to measure the economic cost of introducing stochastic dominance constraints, (iii) proposing a sort of augmented stochastic dominance through a safety margin. Numerical results show the difference between the alternative ways to interpret and apply the multivariate stochastic dominance. These results are evaluated thanks to the proposed economic cost of the stochastic dominance constraints and either in presence or not of a safety margin.
Comparison of the transformation of organic matter flux through a raised bog and a blanket bog
Authors: Glatzel Stephan , Worrall Fred , Boothroyd Ian M. , Heckman Katherine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study has proposed that organic matter transfer and transformation into and through a peatland is dominated by preferential loss of carbohydrates and the retention of lignin-like molecules. Here we used elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis to analyse the biomass, litter, peat soil profile, particulate organic matter, and dissolved organic matter fluxes sampled from a continental raised bog in comparison a maritime blanket bog. The macromolecular composition and thermodynamic analysis showed that in the raised bog there had been little or no transformation of the organic matter and the accumulation was rapid with comparatively little transformation with only 13% loss of cellulose by 1 m depth compared to 92% removal of cellulosic material in the blanket bog. The lack of transformation is reflected in a difference in long term carbon accumulation rates between raised and blanket bog sites. We propose that raised bogs, with their lack of a stream outfall, have high stable water tables that mean the pore water become thermodynamically closed and reactions cease higher in the peat profile than in a blanket bog where sloping sites mean a frequent flushing of pore water and discharge of water leading to fluctuating water tables, flushing of reaction products and pore spaces remaining open.
2D data processing with MIMOS II
Authors: Pawlak Justus , Beyki Mohammad , Jahns Moritz , Bauer Friedrich , Sindelar Ralf , Patzke Robert , Renz Franz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe miniaturized Mössbauer-spectrometer (MIMOS II), originally devised by Göstar Klingelhöfer, is further developed by the Renz group at the Leibniz University Hanover in cooperation with the Hanover University of Applied Sciences and Arts. A new processing unit with a two-dimensional (2D) data acquisition was developed by M. Jahns. The advantage of this data acquisition is that no thresholds need to be set before the measurement. The energy of each photon is determined and stored with the velocity of the drive. After the measurement, the relevant area can be selected for the Mössbauer spectrum. Now we have expanded the evaluation unit with a power supply for a MIMOS drive and a MIMOS PIN detector. So we have a very compact MIMOS transmissions measurement setup. With this setup it is possible to process the signals of two detectors serially. Currently we are working on a parallel signal processing.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Social Transfer Policies on Poverty for Children with Previous Experience in Poverty
Authors: Bárcena-Martín Elena , Blanco-Arana M. Carmen , Pérez-Moreno Salvador 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper assesses the effectiveness of social benefit programs on children who had prior experience with poverty across 27 European countries in the years following the Great Recession (2012–2015). Even though social benefit functions might contribute to alleviating child poverty, our findings highlight that child poverty differs not only across social benefit functions, but also between children with and without previous experience in poverty. While living in a country with comparatively high family/children’s benefits is associated with lower child poverty risk, these benefits do not significantly prevent children from being poor when they have been in poverty in the past year. By contrast, old-age/survivor benefits appear to be strongly associated with a lower risk of poverty for children with previous experience in poverty. This is particularly noticeable in multigenerational households, especially in countries that provide limited support for families with children and allocate significant expenditure to pension benefits. This finding remains consistent even when using lower poverty thresholds.
Temporal silhouette: validation of stream clustering robust to concept drift
Authors: Iglesias Vázquez Félix , Zseby Tanja 
Published: November 2023

AbstractStream clustering is required in applications where data is generated continuously or periodically and must be processed considering its temporal nature. In the absence of a ground truth, internal validation is the only option to evaluate the quality of performances. Traditional internal validation is commonly used also in stream clustering, even in spite of the fact that it becomes inconsistent in the event of data evolution. Recent trends opt for incremental approaches, but these are closer to change detection rather than validation methods and limit themselves by imposing online validation on online analysis. In this work we study the impact of concept drift in the validation of stream clustering and propose the Temporal Silhouette index, therefore making internal validation conform to streaming data. We conduct tests with more than 200 datasets and contrast performances of four popular stream clustering algorithms with seven validation methods (three static internal, three incremental internal, one external) and the proposed index. Results show the suitability of the Temporal Silhouette index for stream clustering validation in the event of concept drift and different types of outliers. The demand for reliable unsupervised learning in applications that process data in streams is ever-increasing, and such reliability inevitably requires the use of validation. This fact highlights the significance of the novel approach proposed in this work.
Experimentally verified analytical models for the dynamic response of perovskite solar cells using measured I–V and C–V characteristics
Authors: Ismail Zahraa S. , Sawires Eman F. , Amer Fathy Z. , Abdellatif Sameh O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSC) have gained significant attention recently due to their high efficiency and potential for low-cost fabrication. Understanding the dynamic behavior of these cells is crucial for optimizing their performance and stability. In this paper, we propose experimentally verified analytical models for the dynamic response of perovskite solar cells. The models are developed based on the measured current–voltage ($$I-V$$

I
-
V

) and capacitance–voltage ($$C-V$$

C
-
V

) characteristics obtained from experiments. The study introduces the first fully analytical model for the dynamic response of perovskite solar cells, considering single, double, and triple diode models with three polynomials $$C-V$$

C
-
V

fitting functions. The analytical models are fed by experimental measured data and coefficients and pot-processed by an equilibrium optimizer. The proposed methodology was investigated using five batches of cesium lead chloride perovskite solar cells, with a power conversion efficiency of around 16.35% ±   0.32%. The suggested analytical model with an equilibrium optimizer showed a significant capability to predict the cell circuit parameters with a root-mean-square error below 0.00103, as the minimum error recorded so far in PSCs.
Connexive Negation
Authors: Estrada-González Luis , Nicolás-Francisco Ricardo Arturo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSeen from the point of view of evaluation conditions, a usual way to obtain a connexive logic is to take a well-known negation, for example, Boolean negation or de Morgan negation, and then assign special properties to the conditional to validate Aristotle’s and Boethius’ Theses. Nonetheless, another theoretical possibility is to have the extensional or the material conditional and then assign special properties to the negation to validate the theses. In this paper we examine that possibility, not sufficiently explored in the connexive literature yet.We offer a characterization of connexive negation disentangled from the cancellation account of negation, a previous attempt to define connexivity on top of a distinctive negation. We also discuss an ancient view on connexive logics, according to which a valid implication is one where the negation of the consequent is incompatible with the antecedent, and discuss the role of our idea of connexive negation for this kind of view.
More on Williams on Ethical Knowledge and Reflection
Authors: Moore A. W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis essay is concerned with Bernard Williams’ contention in Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy that, in ethics, reflection can destroy knowledge. I attempt to defend this contention from the charge of incoherence. I do this by taking seriously the idea that ethical knowledge is knowledge from an ethical point of view. There nevertheless remains an issue about whether the contention is consistent with ideas elsewhere in Williams’ own work, in particular with what he says about knowledge in Descartes. In an earlier essay I argued that it is not. In a subsequent essay I indicated that I had changed my mind and gave a more sympathetic account of Williams’ contention. In this essay I set out the issues and say some more about my change of mind.
Evaluation of a smartphone electrocardiograph in healthy foals and comparison to standard base-apex electrocardiography
Authors: Bindi Francesca , Vezzosi Tommaso , Sala Giulia , Freccero Francesca , Marmorini Paola , Bonelli Francesca , Sgorbini Micaela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmartphone-based technology for ECG recording has recently spread as a complementary tool for electrocardiographic screening and monitoring in adult horses and in other animal species. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of a smartphone-based ECG in healthy foals. This was a prospective observational study (authorization n. 45,865/2016) including 22 foals aged less than 21 days. A reference standard base-apex ECG (rECG) was acquired, and a smartphone ECG (sECG) was recorded immediately after by using a smartphone-based single lead electrocardiograph. All ECG tracings were evaluated in a blind fashion by a single board-certified cardiologist, who judged whether the tracings were acceptable for interpretation and performed ECG measurements and diagnosis. The Spearman correlation coefficient, the Cohen’s k test and the Bland-Altman test were used to assess the agreement between sECG and rECG. All sECG tracings were acceptable for interpretation. All foals showed sinus rhythm on both rRCG and sECG tracings, with perfect agreement in heart rate classification (κ = 0.87; p < 0.001). No clinically relevant differences were found in the assessment of waves and intervals duration. Concerning P wave and QRS complex polarity, the percentage of agreement between rECG and sECG was 78% and 83%, respectively. About ECG tracing quality, rECG and sECG showed a substantial agreement (κ = 0.624; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the smartphone-based ECG device tested in the present study recorded good quality single-lead ECG tracings in foals, reliable for heart rate and ECG measurements, but different polarity of P waves and QRS complexes was found in some foals in comparison to rECG.
Der Mensch ist doch eher wie ein Regenwurm. Wertfrage und Naturbegriff in einer Soziologie der Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Haselbach Dieter , Vosse Corinna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungSowohl das Postulat der Werturteilsfreiheit (soziologischer) Wissenschaft als auch die begriffliche Grundentscheidung zu einer konstruktivistischen Soziologie steht einer Soziologie der Nachhaltigkeit im Weg. Für eine den ökologischen Problemen angemessenere Grundbegrifflichkeit wird eine an Spinoza angelehnte Anthropologie begründet und darauf basierend ein Paradigmenwechsel für die soziologische Nachhaltigkeitsforschung vorgeschlagen.
Improvement of outpatient service processes: a case study of the university of Hong Kong-Shenzhen hospital
Authors: Chen Jingsong , Alturas Bráulio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This work presents a case study of the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), which was the first to implement an outpatient appointments registration system. The research question is to determine which factors influence patient satisfaction most.

Methods
The study provides an anatomy of the hospital outpatient process through various methods and theories, including a literature review, field research, expert consultation, business process improvement (BPI) theory and information technology, with the aim of identifying the objectives and strategies of the hospital for improving its outpatient process. A quantitative analysis was performed using a questionnaire survey to identify the defects and weaknesses of the current model. The principles, methods and techniques of BPI theory are used to analyse various problems existing in the outpatient process and the extent of their influence. A structural equation model has been established for scientific and quantitative analysis, which can help identify the goals of optimization and measure improvement in the outpatient process and patient satisfaction.

Results
It was determined the source of inefficiency of the current outpatient service process. By means of outpatient process improvement, the study aims to increase the hospital’s efficiency and raise the level of patient satisfaction so that it may enhance its comprehensive competence. In addition, an effective and operable methodology will be generated, which is expected to serve as a reference for other hospitals to improve their operation and management.

Conclusions
It was found that service attitude, service value and waiting time have a significant influence on patient satisfaction.
A Summer Research Experience to Increase Diversity in Healthcare: a 4-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Afghani Behnoosh , Dayag Herschell Valenova 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis report describes the educational follow-up of the college coaches who participated in our Summer Research Programs from 2012 through 2019. Our program was successful as all the 45 college coaches submitted a total of 54 abstracts to a regional conference, and 100% of them were accepted for publication. On follow-up in 2023, most of the college coaches, including women and those from minority backgrounds, were enrolled or graduated from a health professional school or worked in a healthcare setting. Despite our small study population, our research program can serve as a model to increase diversity in healthcare and science fields.