bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A microregional reindeer herding landscape in Yamal: patterns and dynamics of movements
Authors: Volkovitskiy Alexander , Terekhina Alexandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman and animal mobility lies at the core of any nomadic pastoralist system. Anthropological studies of migratory patterns of mobile pastoralists’ movements have revealed two universal sets of factors—ecological and non-ecological—that influence such movements differently. Our study focuses on the nomadic movement of the Yamal Nenets reindeer herders in the Russian Arctic using a microregional approach to study the indigenous communities on a large scale. The Nenets households of the Mordyyakha microregion in the northwest of the Yamal Peninsula have changed winter pasture sites several times over the past 15–20 years, while maintaining a stable summer route. Based on fieldwork among these people, we analyse how environmental and non-environmental factors influence the dynamics of their summer and winter meridional nomadic routes. We argue that long-term changes in their winter mobility are mainly related to the quality of pastures. Changing winter sites is a strategy that relates to ecological factors and still remains relevant for the households migrating via the meridional pastoral corridors of Yamal. In contrast, changing summer areas, as a rule, occurs in response to developing industry and, thus, relates to non-ecological factors.
Research on electromagnetic vibration energy harvester for cloud-edge-end collaborative architecture in power grid
Authors: Zhang Minghao , Song Rui , Zhang Jun , Zhou Chenyuan , Peng Guozheng , Tian Haoyang , Wu Tianyi , Li Yunjia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the deepening of the construction of the new type power system, the grid has become increasingly complex, and its safe and stable operation is facing more challenges. In order to improve the quality and efficiency of power grid management, State Grid Corporation continues to promote the digital transformation of the grid, proposing concepts such as cloud-edge-end collaborative architecture and power Internet of Things, for which comprehensive sensing of the grid is an important foundation. Power equipment is widely distributed and has a wide variety of types, and online monitoring of them involves the deployment and application of a large number of power sensors. However, there are various problems in implementing active power supplies for these sensors, which restrict their service life. In order to collect and utilize the vibration energy widely present in the grid to provide power for sensors, this paper proposes an electromagnetic vibration energy harvester and its design methodology based on a four-straight-beam structure, and carries out a trial production of prototype. The vibration pickup unit of the harvester is composed of polyimide cantilevers, a permanent magnet and a mass-adjusting spacer. The mass-adjusting spacer can control the vibration frequency of the vibration unit to match the target frequency. In this paper, a key novel method is proposed to increase the number of turns in a limited volume by stacking flexible coils, which can boost the output voltage of the energy harvester. A test system is built to conduct a performance test for the prototype harvester. According to the test results, the resonant frequency of the device is $$100\ Hz$$

100

H
z

, the output peak-to-peak voltage at the resonant frequency is $$2.56\ V$$

2.56

V

at the acceleration of $$1\ g$$

1

g

, and the maximum output power is around $$151.7\ \mu W$$

151.7

μ
W

. The proposed four-straight-beam electromagnetic vibration energy harvester in this paper has obvious advantages in output voltage and power compared with state-of-the-art harvesters. It can provide sufficient power for various sensors, support the construction of cloud-edge-end architecture and the deployment of a massive number of power sensors. In the last part of this article, a self-powered transformer vibration monitor is presented, demonstrating the practicality of the proposed vibration energy harvester.
Composition, function, and timing: exploring the early-life gut microbiota in piglets for probiotic interventions
Authors: Quan Jianping , Xu Cineng , Ruan Donglin , Ye Yong , Qiu Yibin , Wu Jie , Zhou Shenping , Luan Menghao , Zhao Xiang , Chen Yue , Lin Danyang , Sun Ying , Yang Jifei , Zheng Enqin , Cai Gengyuan , Wu Zhenfang , Yang Jie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The establishment of a robust gut microbiota in piglets during their early developmental stage holds the potential for long-term advantageous effects. However, the optimal timeframe for introducing probiotics to achieve this outcome remains uncertain.

Results
In the context of this investigation, we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the fecal microbiota of 63 piglets at three distinct pre-weaning time points. Simultaneously, we gathered vaginal and fecal samples from 23 sows. Employing 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing methodologies, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fluctuation patterns in microbial composition, functional capacity, interaction networks, and colonization resistance within the gut microbiota of piglets. As the piglets progressed in age, discernible modifications in intestinal microbial diversity, composition, and function were observed. A source-tracking analysis unveiled the pivotal role of fecal and vaginal microbiota derived from sows in populating the gut microbiota of neonatal piglets. By D21, the microbial interaction network displayed a more concise and efficient configuration, accompanied by enhanced colonization resistance relative to the other two time points. Moreover, we identified three strains of Ruminococcus sp. at D10 as potential candidates for improving piglets' weight gain during the weaning phase.

Conclusions
The findings of this study propose that D10 represents the most opportune juncture for the introduction of external probiotic interventions during the early stages of piglet development. This investigation augments our comprehension of the microbiota dynamics in early-life of piglets and offers valuable insights for guiding forthcoming probiotic interventions.
Preparation, structural characterization and in vitro activity of ginger polysaccharide
Authors: Zhou Shiyang , Wang Xinqiao , Jiang Wenming , Tan Jun , Chen Guangying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA polysaccharide was extracted from the fresh ginger by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. A homogeneous polysaccharide was obtained by Sevage deproteinization, dialysis, DEAE-52 ion exchange chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel column chromatography. The molecular weight of the ginger polysaccharide was determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography. The monosaccharide composition, scanning electron microscope and other physicochemical parameters of the ginger polysaccharide were further determined. The spectral properties of the ginger polysaccharide were investigated by ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. On this basis, methylation analysis, 1D and 2D NMR analysis were used to investigate its possible chemical structure. The results showed that the ginger polysaccharide group was divided into neutral polysaccharide components with high homogeneity, Mw = 35.52 kDa, Mn = 216.56 kDa and the sugar content was 93.5%. The ginger polysaccharide is mainly composed of Fuc, Ara, Rha, Gal, Glc, Xyl, Man, Gal-UA and Glc-UA, the amount of substance ratio was 1.01:1.96:9.54:14.82:64.20:3.84:2.07:1.41:1.16. To study the structure–activity relationship of ginger polysaccharide, acetylated ginger polysaccharide and phosphate ginger polysaccharide were prepared by chemical methods in this study. The results of antioxidant activity in vitro showed that the ginger polysaccharide and its derivatives had good biological activity in freeing ABTS + radical scavenging, freeing hydroxyl radical scavenging, freeing DPPH radical scavenging and reducing ability. Interestingly, the results showed that the ginger polysaccharide had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of E. coli in vitro. In general, this study provides a certain experimental basis and reference for the further research on the activity of ginger polysaccharide and its derivatives.
Graphical Abstract
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices and deworming improve nutritional status and anemia of unmarried adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Jolly Saira Parveen , Roy Chowdhury Tridib , Sarker Tanbi Tanaya , Afsana Kaosar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
In Bangladesh, undernutrition and anemia are more occurrent among adolescent girls. BRAC, the largest non-governmental organization (NGO), has been implementing a community-based nutrition education service package targeting adolescent girls for reducing their undernutrition and anemia.

Objective
We aimed to explore the underlying factors associated with nutritional status and anemia among adolescent girls under the BRAC nutrition program areas to improve their existing intervention package.

Methodology
We conducted a cross-sectional and comparative study in 2016, in 24 upazilas of Bogra, Barguna, Comilla, Dinajpur, Feni, Jessore, and Meherpur districts where the BRAC nutrition program was implemented while the remaining 27 upazilas of those districts were selected as comparison area. We followed a multistage cluster random sampling for selecting 1620 unmarried adolescent girls aged 10–19 years for interviewing in the intervention and comparison areas. Data were collected on socio-demographic information, dietary intake, morbidity, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practice, anthropometry, and serum hemoglobin (Hb) level by using a pre-structured questionnaire. The nutritional status of the adolescent girls was expressed as height-for-age Z (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age Z (BMIZ) score, while anemia referred to the serum Hb at the level of below 12 g/dl for adolescent girls. All statistical analyses were done in STATA version 17 (Chicago Inc.).

Findings
The prevalence of stunting (22.9% vs. 22.5%), thinness (12% vs. 14%), and anemia (34.5% vs. 37.3%) exhibited similarities between the intervention and comparison regions. Stunting and thinness were predictors for each other for this population group. Our findings indicated that adolescent girls who were not washing hands with soap after defecation were likely to be stunted [AOR 1.51 (95% CI 1.12–2.04)], and who did not utilize sanitary latrines had an increased likelihood of being thin [AOR 2.38 (95% CI 1.11–5.08)]. Conversely, those who did not watch television [AOR 1.69 (95% CI 1.12–2.56)] and did not have deworming tablets [AOR 1.33 (95% CI 1.07–1.64)] in the 6 months leading up to the interview had a 69% and 33% higher probability of being anemic, respectively.

Conclusion
For sustainable improvement in the undernutrition and anemia of adolescent girls, integration of WASH, consistent administration of deworming tablets and broadcasting awareness programs through television are urgent to scale up the nutrition intervention programs in similar settings like Bangladesh.
Added value of 3D ultrasound image-guided hepatic interventions by X matrix technology
Authors: Omar Hazem , Korayem Enas Mohammed , Khalil Ahmed Abdel Sattar , Abokoura Sameh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Image-guided hepatic interventions are integral to the management of infective and neoplastic liver lesions. Over the past decades, 2D US was used for guidance of hepatic interventions; with the recent advances in US technology, 3D US was used to guide the hepatic interventions. This study aimed to illustrate the added value of 3D image-guided hepatic interventions by X matrix technology.

Methods
This prospective study was performed on 100 patients that were divided into two groups: group A which included 50 patients who were managed by using 2D US probe guidance, and group B which included 50 patients who were managed by using 3D X matrix US probe guidance. Thermal ablation was done for 70 patients; 40 radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (20 by the 2D probe and 20 by the 3D X matrix probe) and 30 microwave ablation (MWA) (15 by the 2D probe and 15 by the 3D X matrix probe). Chemical ablation (PEI) was done for 20 patients (ten by the 2D probe and ten by the 3D X matrix probe). Drainage of hepatic collections and biopsy from undiagnosed hepatic focal lesions were done for ten patients (five by the 2D probe and five by the 3D X matrix probe).

Results
The efficacy of US-guided hepatic interventions by 3D X matrix probe was higher than the 2D probe but not significantly higher, with a p value of 0.705, 0.5428 for RFA and MWA, respectively, 0.5312 for PEI, and 0.2918 for drainage of hepatic collections and biopsy. The complications related to the use of the 3D X matrix probe were significantly lower than the 2D probe with a p value of 0.003. The timing of the procedure was shorter by the usage of a 3D X matrix probe in comparison with the 2D probe with a p value of 0.08, 0.34 for RFA and PEI and significantly shorter for MWA and drainage of hepatic collection, biopsy with a p value of 0.02, 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions
3D US-guided hepatic interventions by X matrix probe have better efficacy, less complication, and shorter time of procedure than the 2D US-guided hepatic interventions.
“I Want to Be Involved in Constructing the World”: In Discussion with Malala Andrialavidrazana
Authors: Diabate Naminata 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On Sunday, February 26, 2023, Naminata Diabate met over Zoom with visual artist Malala Andrialavidrazana, whose most recent works have been exhibited at the Boghossian Foundation in Brussels and the Centre Pompidou in Paris. Based on extensive in situ as well as bibliographic and archival research, Andrialavidrazana's visual compositions offer the possibility of alternative forms of storytelling and world-making. In this interview, the artist, whose interest spans centuries and all corners of the globe, shared how the political and racial landscape of her country of origin, Madagascar, and her family background shape her artistic expression and her place in the world.
Association between nitric oxide and cancer and stroke risk: A meta-analysis
Authors: Tualeka Abdul Rohim , Jalaludin Juliana , Gasana Janvier , Sopian Nor Ashikin , Chao How Ran , Yusmaidie Mohd , Perumal Velu , Zurimi Suardi , Rahmawati Pudji , Ahsan Ahsan , Novianti Salsabila 
Published: November 2023

Background: Numerous case-control studies have been carried out to test the mechanism by which nitric oxide, specifically the polymorphism 894G>T in the eNOS gene, or endothelial nitric oxide synthase, raises the possibility of stroke and cancer. Methods: The aim of this meta-analysis was to describe the correlation between cancer and stroke risk with nitric oxide, by implementing a comprehensive search in various digital databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar, in the period 2012-2023 to observe the published results of all related studies. Results: The meta-analysis included a total of fifteen case-control studies. These studies involved 3,019 cases and 3,333 controls in total. This study found that the GG versus GT+TT genotype of eNOS 894G>T polymorphism was significantly positively correlated with cancer risk. Additionally, the significance of this association was further attributed to the specific type of polymorphism involved, as well as the risk of stroke in the T versus G model, followed by TT versus GG+GT. Conclusions: The results of the eNOS 894G>T polymorphisms have been correlated with cancer, and in particular, the GT+TT versus GG model yielded an odds ratio (OR of 1.96, a 95% CI of 1.22 to 3.15, and a p-value of 0.0005. Moreover, the mentioned polymorphisms were found to be associated with stroke risk in the T versus G model, which had an OR of 1.20; 95% CI of 1.01 to 1.43 with a p-value of 0.04; and TT versus GG+GT with an OR of 0.09; 95% CI of 0.03 to 0.30 with a p-value of 0.0001.
Plackett-Burman design in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with Mutisia acuminatta (Chinchircoma) and preliminary evaluation of its antibacterial activity
Authors: Laime-Oviedo Luis A. , Arenas-Chávez Carlos A. , Yáñez Jaime A. , Vera-Gonzáles Corina A. 
Published: November 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the methanolic fraction of Mutisia acuminatta leaves using Plackett-Burman design to optimize process parameters and to evaluate its antibacterial effect. Methods: For the separation of Mutisia acuminatta phytoconstituents, chromatographic techniques were used. For characterization and identification, UV - VIS spectrophotometry, FTIR spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. The Plackett-Burman design used polynomial regression statistical analysis to determine the most influential variables. Results: UV-VIS spectroscopy reported an absorbance concerning surface plasmon resonance between 410–420 nm wavelength for the AgNPs. FTIR spectrophotometry reported characteristic peaks in the biosynthesized AgNPs , observing the disappearance of spectral peaks between 1000–1500 cm-1. By UHPLC-MS, caffeic acid derivatives, coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, disaccharide and a complex formed between silver and the solvent (AgCH3CN+) were identified. Using DLS, the AgNPs presented an average hydrodynamic size of 45.91 nm. TEM determined the spherical shape of the AgNPs, presenting diameters in the range of 30 to 60 nm. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus than the total extract, the methanolic fraction and pure methanol. The polynomial model in the biosynthesis was validated with an adequate fitting representing the experimental data of the process. The most significant variables for the model obtained were the reaction pH (X2) and the concentration of the precursor salt AgNO3 (X6). Conclusions: The synthesized AgNPs offer a viable option for further development due to the presence of bioactive compounds, adequate characterization and antibacterial activity.
When epidemics become narrative, women get bogged down in scripts?
Authors: Skórzyńska Izabela 
Published: November 2023

In the article, I follow the fate of women - heroines of the pandemic non-fiction literature in Poland, in order to verify the thesis that when women's experiences, such as pandemics or epidemics, become narratives, they themselves get stuck in women's narrative scripts and their variants characteristic of a specific culture. Treating storytelling, in the vein of anthropologists, as a primarily cultural practice, I wonder whether and how the attribution and/or adoption of stories about their own experiences by the heroines of the pandemic and epidemic, enables them to transgress the boundaries of scripts harmful to them, not invalidating their agency, but loudly manifesting their own point of view, different from the one established in culture.
Letter to the editor: The challenge of carbapenem resistance
Authors: Silvia T. Castro  , José Augusto A. Pereira  , Eduardo A. R. de Castro  
Published: November 2023

The global resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials is one of the biggest public health challenges in recent decades however, among Gram-negative microorganisms, this problem has become very relevant, resulting in a shortage of medicines for the treatment of infections caused by these multi-resistant bacterial agents. Knowing the evolution of this resistance, among microorganisms in the hospital environment, is essential for: the projection of resistance in the coming decades, the rational use of antimicrobials and the adoption of measures to minimize their impact in this scenario. The most modern antimicrobial agents, which act on multi-resistant bacteria, are expensive, making their availability and use even more difficult, especially in the public health network in developing countries. However, new drugs for treating multidrug-resistant infections, due to their high cost, are often not available.
Forward and backward propagation guided-mode waves of electric dipole resonances in an h-BN metasurface
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Jin Gao , Zhao Yue , Zhang Qiang , Fu Shu Fang , Wang Xiang Guang , Wang Xuan , Wang Xuan Zhang 
Published: November 2023

The generation of a backward propagation (BP) and forward propagation (FP) guided mode in a double ridge h-BN metasurface (DRM) is investigated. h-BN is a hyperbolic metamaterial with two Reststrahlen frequency bands (RBs). The incident wave can excite guided modes in DRM, where the Poynting vector parallel component of the FP mode is identical and the BP mode is opposite to that of the incident wave. Based on the optimized structure, the frequency range of the BP mode for TE waves was found near the type II hyperbolic band (HB II), while for TM waves, it was found in the gap between the range of HB I and HB II in h-BN. To comprehensively understand the physics underlying BP and FP modes, we present the electric and magnetic field intensities in DRM, the electric field profile of beam steering, and the radiated powers of multipole resonances. The electric dipole (ED) moment contributes most significantly to the FP and BP modes, with its power being much greater than that of other multipolar moment modes. A proportion of BP mode power and incident power decreases with increasing incident angle of TE waves. There are two peaks of the proportion with TM waves. The maximum proportion is near 75% ofTE waves and 16% ofTM waves. The DRM has shown promising potential in the field of sensors based on BP mode, with a sensitivity of 3.9675 µm/RIU of TE waves and 5.1479 µm/RIU of TM waves. These findings suggest that DRMs hold significant promise for the development of optical metasurfaces, optical switches, and high-performance sensors.
Inferring microbial interactions with their environment from genomic and metagenomic data
Authors: Brunner James D. , Gallegos-Graves Laverne A. , Kroeger Marie E. 
Published: November 2023

Microbial communities assemble through a complex set of interactions between microbes and their environment, and the resulting metabolic impact on the host ecosystem can be profound. Microbial activity is known to impact human health, plant growth, water quality, and soil carbon storage which has lead to the development of many approaches and products meant to manipulate the microbiome. In order to understand, predict, and improve microbial community engineering, genome-scale modeling techniques have been developed to translate genomic data into inferred microbial dynamics. However, these techniques rely heavily on simulation to draw conclusions which may vary with unknown parameters or initial conditions, rather than more robust qualitative analysis. To better understand microbial community dynamics using genome-scale modeling, we provide a tool to investigate the network of interactions between microbes and environmental metabolites over time.
Using our previously developed algorithm for simulating microbial communities from genome-scale metabolic models (GSMs), we infer the set of microbe-metabolite interactions within a microbial community in a particular environment. Because these interactions depend on the available environmental metabolites, we refer to the networks that we infer as metabolically contextualized, and so name our tool MetConSIN: Metabolically Contextualized Species Interaction Networks.