bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and effectiveness of diazepam nasal spray in male and female patients: Post hoc analysis of data from a phase 3 safety study
Authors: Wheless James W. , Hogan Robert Edward , Davis Charles S. , Carrazana Enrique , Rabinowicz Adrian L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSex differences in drug pharmacokinetics include variations in the expression of the cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are involved in the metabolism of benzodiazepines. It is unclear whether sex influences outcomes associated with intranasally administered drugs. A post hoc analysis of sex differences was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of diazepam nasal spray, which included examining changes in the number of days between seizure clusters over time (SEIzure interVAL [SEIVAL]). Diazepam nasal spray is approved for acute treatment of seizure clusters in patients with epilepsy aged ≥6 years. Data from a phase 3 safety study were used to determine the proportion of second doses used within 24 h (ie, a proxy for effectiveness) and SEIVAL. Adverse events were recorded. Of 163 treated patients, 89 were female, and 74 were male. Approximately 16% of both sexes self‐administered the study drug. A slightly higher proportion of seizure clusters was treated with a second dose in female (14.7%) than male (9.4%) patients. SEIVAL increased significantly and substantially over a year for all patients. The safety profile was generally similar between the sexes. These results suggest that potential sex differences in benzodiazepine pharmacokinetics do not meaningfully influence outcomes associated with diazepam nasal spray.Plain Language SummarySome drugs may have differences in absorption and metabolism between genders that could translate into differences in safety and effectiveness. This safety study looked at diazepam nasal spray for treating seizure clusters in patients at least 6 years old. It found that safety was about the same for females and males. For both groups, most clusters stopped after only 1 dose of the drug, and the time between treated clusters got longer over a year.
A full‐probabilistic cloud analysis for structural seismic fragility via decoupled M‐PDEM
Authors: Lyu Meng‐Ze , Feng De‐Cheng , Cao Xu‐Yang , Beer Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPerformance‐based earthquake engineering (PBEE) is essential for ensuring engineering safety. Conducting seismic fragility analysis within this framework is imperative. Existing methods for seismic fragility analysis often rely heavily on double loop reanalysis and empirical data fitting, leading to challenges in obtaining high‐precision results with a limited number of representative structural analysis instances. In this context, a new methodology for seismic fragility based on a full‐probabilistic cloud analysis is proposed via the decoupled multi‐probability density evolution method (M‐PDEM). In the proposed method, the assumption of a log‐normal distribution is not required. According to the random event description of the principle of preservation of probability, the transient probability density functions (PDFs) of intensity measure (IM) and engineering demand parameter (EDP), as key response quantities of the seismic‐structural system, are governed by one‐dimensional Li‐Chen equations, where the physics‐driven forces are determined by representative analysis data of the stochastic dynamic system. By generating ground motions based on representative points of basic random variables and performing structural dynamic analysis, the decoupled M‐PDEM is employed to solve the one‐dimensional Li‐Chen equations. This yields the joint PDF of IM and EDP, as well as the conditional PDF of EDP given IM, resulting in seismic fragility analysis outcomes. The numerical implementation procedure is elaborated in detail, and validation is performed using a six‐story nonlinear reinforced concrete (RC) frame subjected to non‐stationary stochastic ground motions. Comparative analysis against Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and traditional cloud analysis based on least squares regression (LSR) reveals that the proposed method achieves higher computational precision at comparable structural analysis costs. By directly solving the physics‐driven Li‐Chen equations, the method provides the full‐probabilistic joint information of IM and EDP required for cloud analysis, surpassing the accuracy achieved by traditional methods based on statistical moment fitting and empirical distribution assumptions.
Effect of different preservatives on the physicochemical characteristics and shelf stability of Rasmalai: A comparative study
Authors: Qureshi Tahir Mahmood , Mueen‐ud‐Din Ghulam , Nadeem Muhammad , Sirjan Ali , Khalid Waseem , Salim‐Ur‐Rehman  , Ahmad Naushad , Nawaz Asad , Khalid Muhammad Zubair , Madilo Felix Kwashie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRasmalai is a very popular, delicious, and nutritious indigenous sweet dish in Indo‐Pakistani civilization. It has a very short shelf life, i.e., up to 3 days. The study was designed to assess the effect of preservatives (potassium sorbate and calcium propionate) on the shelf stability of Rasmalai. Moreover, proximate composition and sensory evaluation of prepared Rasmalai were also carried out in the present study. In general, potassium sorbate and calcium propionate significantly increased the shelf life of Rasmalai. But treatment (R5) containing a combination of both potassium sorbate and calcium propionate (500 ppm each) improved its shelf life by up to 12 days by keeping good sensorial characteristics. The maximum total plate counts as well as yeast and molds were observed in control Rasmalai (without any preservatives) whereas minimum counts were found in R5 treatment containing a combination of both potassium sorbate and calcium propionate (500 ppm each). In conclusion, all the preservatives used in the present study were effective in enhancing the shelf life of Rasmalai but R5 treatment containing a combination of both potassium sorbate and calcium propionate (500 ppm each) was the most effective in enhancing shelf life without deleterious effect on sensorial characteristics.
Wearable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy for measuring dissociable activation dynamics of prefrontal cortex subregions during working memory
Authors: Shin Jung Han , Kang Min Jun , Lee Sang Ah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been extensively studied in relation to various cognitive abilities, including executive function, attention, and memory. Nevertheless, there is a gap in our scientific knowledge regarding the functionally dissociable neural dynamics across the PFC during a cognitive task and their individual differences in performance. Here, we explored this possibility using a delayed match‐to‐sample (DMTS) working memory (WM) task using NIRSIT, a high‐density, wireless, wearable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system. First, upon presentation of the sample stimulus, we observed an immediate signal increase in the ventral (orbitofrontal) region of the anterior PFC, followed by activity in the dorsolateral PFC. After the DMTS test stimulus appeared, the orbitofrontal cortex activated once again, while the rest of the PFC showed overall disengagement. Individuals with higher accuracy showed earlier and sustained activation of the PFC across the trial. Furthermore, higher network efficiency and functional connectivity in the PFC were correlated with individual WM performance. Our study sheds new light on the dynamics of PFC subregional activity during a cognitive task and its potential applicability in explaining individual differences in experimental, educational, or clinical populations.Practitioner Points
Wearable functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) captured dissociable temporal dynamics across prefrontal subregions during a delayed match‐to‐sample task.
Anterior regions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activated first during the delay period, followed by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC).
PFC disengaged overall after the delay, but the OFC reactivated to the test stimulus.
Earlier and sustained activation of PFC was associated with better accuracy.
Functional connectivity and network efficiency also varied with task performance.
Coffee consumption is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer recurrence and all‐cause mortality
Authors: Oyelere Abisola M. , Kok Dieuwertje E. , Bos Daniel , Gunter Marc J. , Ferrari Pietro , Keski‐Rahkonen Pekka , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , van Halteren Henk K. , Kouwenhoven Ewout A. , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J. B. , Kampman Ellen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCoffee consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is not clear whether coffee consumption is related to CRC progression. Hence, we assessed the association of coffee consumption with CRC recurrence and all‐cause mortality using data from a prospective cohort study of 1719 stage I–III CRC patients in the Netherlands. Coffee consumption and other lifestyle characteristics were self‐reported using questionnaires at the time of diagnosis. We retrieved recurrence and all‐cause mortality data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Personal Records Database, respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression models with and without restricted cubic splines were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking status, cancer stage and tumor location. We observed 257 recurrences during a 6.2‐year median follow‐up and 309 deaths during a 6.6‐year median follow‐up. Consuming more than 4 cups/d of coffee compared to an intake of <2 cups/d was associated with a 32% lower risk of CRC recurrence (95% CI: 0.49, 0.94,). The association between coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality was U‐shaped; coffee intake seemed optimal at 3–5 cups/d with the lowest risk at 4 cups/d (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.88). Our results suggest that coffee consumption may be associated with a lower risk of CRC recurrence and all‐cause mortality. The association between coffee consumption and all‐cause mortality appeared nonlinear. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism by which coffee consumption might improve CRC prognosis.
A density‐fitting implementation of the density‐based basis‐set correction method
Authors: Heßelmann Andreas , Giner Emmanuel , Reinhardt Peter , Knowles Peter J. , Werner Hans‐Joachim , Toulouse Julien 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work reports an efficient density‐fitting implementation of the density‐based basis‐set correction (DBBSC) method in the MOLPRO software. This method consists in correcting the energy calculated by a wave‐function method with a given basis set by an adapted basis‐set correction density functional incorporating the short‐range electron correlation effects missing in the basis set, resulting in an accelerated convergence to the complete‐basis‐set limit. Different basis‐set correction density‐functional approximations are explored and the complementary‐auxiliary‐basis‐set single‐excitation correction is added. The method is tested on a benchmark set of reaction energies at the second‐order Møller–Plesset (MP2) level and a comparison with the explicitly correlated MP2‐F12 method is provided. The results show that the DBBSC method greatly accelerates the basis convergence of MP2 reaction energies, without reaching the accuracy of the MP2‐F12 method but with a lower computational cost.
A novel approach to Hg2+ determination in water samples using carbon dots based on paper and fluorescence digital image analysis
Authors: Maia Matheus Valentin , Suarez Willian Toito , dos Santos Vagner Bezerra , de Oliveira Severino Carlos Bezerra , de Almeida João Paulo Barbosa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work proposes the use of a simple, inexpensive method for the hydrothermal synthesis of fluorescent carbon dot nanoparticles (CDs) from rice starch aimed at the determination of Hg2+ in water. The proposed method involved using a paper‐based analytical device coupled to a 3D plate, with a UV‐LED chamber and a smartphone for the acquisition and analysis of the fluorescence digital images of the CDs.RESULTSThe size of the carbon dots ranged from 0.5 to 3 nm, with an average particle size of ~1 nm. The functionalization of carbon dots with methimazole allowed a high selective for Hg2+ determination. The results obtained showed a linear response R2 of 0.997 and Hg2+ concentration in the range of 0.5–45.0 μmol L−1 with a limit of detection and limit of quantitation of 0.23 and 0.62 μmol L−1, respectively. The results of the study show that there were no significant differences, at 95% confidence level, between the data obtained from the application of the proposed method and the reference method.CONCLUSIONThe proposed method is in line with the principles of green chemistry, as it involves the use of renewable sources for starch extraction and a hydrothermal synthesis process that does not employ toxic reagents. In addition, the method employs only 15 μL reagent/sample. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Pragmatic use of ultrasound in plaster room
Authors: Congia Stefano , Uccheddu Gabrieleanselmo , Pisu Roberta , Varverakis Andrea , Moro Giorgia , Ferreli Alberto , Puddu Gianfranco , Carboni Giorgio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractX‐ray represent gold standard to check reduction of fractures and dislocations. Sometimes plaster room is not equipped with C‐arm or similar devices. Practical and focused use of ultrasound in plaster room cannot replace X‐ray but may be a useful tool especially in tricky situations. We report three emblematic cases and we carry out a review of the literature.
Balancing agriculture and environment: Andrew Sharpley's nutrient, soil, and water management legacy
Authors: Flaten D. N. , Kleinman P. J. A. , Osmond D. L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractManaging agricultural phosphorus (P) to balance food security and water quality priorities is a massive challenge fraught with uncertainty and competing interests. Throughout his career, Andrew Sharpley addressed this challenge by building our understanding of the fundamental principles and processes that control P behavior in agricultural land, developing tools to assess P losses, and then evaluating and refining nutrient, soil, and water beneficial management practices (BMPs). Together with an exceptionally large and diverse group of collaborators, Sharpley developed, tested, refined, calibrated, and validated management practices and risk assessment tools to develop site‐specific recommendations for the right practices, in the right places, and at the right times. This approach has resonated globally, with the strategic use of BMPs in “critical source areas” widely implemented in an effort to improve the effectiveness of BMPs while reducing implementation costs. Additional contributions to nutrient management include determining environmental thresholds for soil test P and measuring the risk of P loss from different sources of P (e.g., various manures and commercial fertilizers). Sharpley's work was also distinctly realistic, ensuring that strategies for mitigating P loss were critically evaluated so that not only were the benefits highlighted, but also that trade‐offs were measured. Nowhere is this better illustrated than with trade‐offs in particulate P loss and dissolved P loss with conservation tillage. This review summarizes Sharpley's enormous contributions to our knowledge of agricultural P stewardship as well as his model of collaborative, multi‐disciplinary leadership, helping the world to maintain agricultural productivity and protect water quality.
Perspectives of genetic counseling supervisors regarding genetic counseling students' attainment of practice‐based competencies in clinical care through remote supervision
Authors: Shane‐Carson Kate P. , Stone Loan , Justice Kaitlin , Mwanda Shannah , Stagg Amy , Pilditch Jane , Hiner Sally , Schwoerer Jessica Scott , Berry Susan A. , Edick Mathew J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere are limited studies regarding the attainment of the Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling Practice‐Based Competencies by genetic counseling students who complete clinical rotations in an in‐person setting versus in a remote setting that incudes telephone and/or video patient encounters. This study explored the perceptions of 17 patient‐facing genetic counselors who had served as supervisors for genetic counseling students regarding student attainment of practice‐based competencies in in‐person compared to remote rotations. Participants were recruited through an American Board of Genetic Counseling eblast and were required to have at least 2 years of clinical experience and experience providing genetic counseling supervision for at least one in‐person rotation and one remote rotation. Four focus groups were created comprising genetic counselors from various practice disciplines. Discussion focused on potential differences and similarities in supervisor perceptions of student attainment of each clinical practice‐based competency, and whether there were any concerns about students being able to attain each competency in remote rotations. Overall, participants discussed that genetic counseling students' attainment of clinical competencies through remote rotations was comparable to in‐person rotations; however, 15 themes were identified illustrating differences reported by participants in how they observed these skills being performed by students in in‐person versus remote clinical settings. The findings of this study highlight important considerations when developing a remote rotation, as well as ways in which certain clinical skills may be further enhanced through a combination of both in‐person and remote clinical experiences. A noted limitation of remote rotations is that students have less of an opportunity to interact with other providers, and so may require other opportunities for interprofessionalism and to understand their role as part of a larger organization. Further study is required to elucidate differences between telephone and video clinics, as well as potential differences pertaining to various specialty areas of practice.
Changes in hospitalization populations by level of complexity at children's hospitals
Authors: Hall Madelyn , Berry Jay G. , Hall Matt , Goodwin Emily J. , Margaret Wright S. , Bettenhausen Jessica , Colvin Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is important for hospitals to understand how hospitalizations for children are changing to adapt and best accommodate the future needs of all patient populations. This study aims to understand how hospitalizations for children with medical complexity (CMC) and non‐CMC have changed over time at children's hospitals, and how hospitalizations for these children will look in the future. Children with 3+ complex chronic conditions (CCC) accounted for 7% of discharges and over one‐quarter of days and one‐third of costs during the study period (2012–2022). The number of CCCs was associated with increased growth in discharges, hospital days, and costs. Understanding these trends can help hospitals better allocate resources and training to prepare for pediatric patients across the spectrum of complexity.
Determination of optimal component positioning in THA using 3D preoperative planning
Authors: LaCour Michael , Ta Manh , Nachtrab Jarrod , Nguyen Thang , Komistek Richard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdvancements in three‐dimensional (3D) preoperative planning tools can offer surgeons and design engineers detailed feedback and additional opportunities for clinical advancements. The objective of this study is to use a 3D total hip arthroplasty preoperative planning tool to compare femoral component alignment for three different stem systems. The planning tool in this study used morphology data of femoral bones gathered from a CT database, seven from postoperative patients and 63 from statistical shape models (SSMs), to suggest specific implant sizes and optimal placements in 3D to match each specific bone model. Retrospective validations of predicted stem size and femoral version were first performed by comparing planner‐chosen and surgeon‐implanted stem sizes and version angles for the seven postoperative patients. Next, the alignment of three different stem systems was evaluated using bone models generated from SSMs, with a quantitative focus on component head positioning. In the validation study, the planner accurately selected stem size and orientation compared to the surgeon for all assessed subjects. In the stem evaluation, the three stem systems yielded different accuracies in component placement, with the newest stem system demonstrating the closest restoration of anatomical head center location. It is evident that new stem designs may have the potential for increased accuracy over their predecessors, demonstrating that new stem designs can offer improved intraoperative and postoperative alignment potential. The 3D preoperative planning tools can provide novel and reliable data to both surgeons and design engineers, which can ultimately improve clinical outcomes and future implant designs.
Influence of supplementation with iron and probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus on selected parameters of inflammatory state in rats on a high‐fat iron‐deficient diet
Authors: Skrypnik Katarzyna , Schmidt Marcin , Olejnik‐Schmidt Agnieszka , Harahap Iskandar Azmy , Suliburska Joanna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDA high‐fat (HF) diet, diet iron deficiency and iron supplementation may affect inflammatory parameters. Probiotics influence both iron metabolism and inflammation. We compared the inflammatory state in rats on a HF iron‐deficient diet receiving oral iron, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus curvatus in different combinations.METHODSThis was a two‐stage experiment. In groups C (n = 8) and HF (n = 8), rats ate a control or HF diet, respectively, for 16 weeks. In the group HFDEF (n = 48), rats ate a HF iron‐deficient diet for 8 weeks (first stage) and were subsequently divided into 6 groups (n = 8 each) receiving the following for a further 8 weeks (second stage): HFDEF – a HF iron‐deficient diet; HFDEFFe – a HF iron‐deficient diet with iron; HFDEFLp and HFDEFLc – a HF iron‐deficient diet with L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively; and HFDEFFeLp and HFDEFFeLc – a HF iron‐deficient diet with iron and L. plantarum or L. curvatus, respectively. Body composition analysis and blood sampling was performed. Markers of iron status and levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) were measured in the blood.RESULTSTAS was higher in the HFDEF group (756.57 ± 489.53 ng mL−1) versus the HFDEFLc group (187.04 ± 47.84 ng mL−1; P = 0.022). No more differences were found between groups, or in TAS, CRP, TNF‐α and IL‐6 concentrations. Also, no differences were found between groups for alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, glucose, total cholesterol, low‐ and high‐density lipoproteins and triglycerides. TAS level was positively correlated with ferritin concentration, IL‐6 with TAS and TNF‐α with hepcidin level.CONCLUSIONSSupplementation with L. plantarum, L. curvatus and iron in combinations exerts no influence on inflammatory status, lipid profile, hepatic function and serum fasting glucose in rats on a HF iron‐deficient diet. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.