bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prioritized strategies to improve diagnosis and early management of cerebral palsy for both Māori and non‐Māori families
Authors: Williams Sian A. , Nakarada‐Kordic Ivana , Mackey Anna H. , Reay Stephen , Stott N. Susan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo identify prioritized strategies to support improvements in early health service delivery around the diagnosis and management of cerebral palsy (CP) for both Māori and non‐Māori individuals.MethodUsing a participatory approach, health care professionals and the parents of children with CP attended co‐design workshops on the topic of early diagnosis and management of CP. Health design researchers facilitated two ‘discovery’ (sharing experiences and ideas) and two ‘prototyping’ (solution‐focused) workshops in Aotearoa, New Zealand. A Māori health service worker co‐facilitated workshops for Māori families.ResultsBetween 7 and 13 participants (14 health care professionals, 12 parents of children with CP across all functional levels) attended each workshop. The discovery workshops revealed powerful stories about early experiences and needs within clinician–family communication and service provision. The prototyping workshops revealed priorities around communication, and when, what, and how information is provided to families; recommendations were co‐created around what should be prioritized within a resource to aid health care navigation.InterpretationThere is a critical need for improved communication, support, and guidance, as well as education, for families navigating their child with CP through the health care system. Further input from families and health care professionals partnering together will continue to guide strategies to improve health care service delivery using experiences as a mechanism for change.
It's all in the stars: The Chinese zodiac and the effects of parental investments on offspring's cognitive and noncognitive skill development
Authors: Tan Chih Ming , Wang Xiao , Zhang Xiaobo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractParental investments in children's cognitive and noncognitive outcomes are deeply important to policymakers. However, because parental investments are arguably endogenous, estimating their importance empirically poses a challenge. To address this challenge, this paper exploits a rich and novel dataset, the China Family Panel Studies, and proposes a culture‐specific instrumental variable based on the Chinese zodiac. By comparing the outcomes of children born just before and just after the cutoff for a “lucky” (or ‘unlucky’) zodiac sign, we find that parents' investments have significant effects on offspring's development of both cognitive and noncognitive skills.
Stress analysis of horizontal mid‐root fracture managed with different intraradicular fixation protocols: A 3D‐finite element study
Authors: Jasrasaria Neha , Johri Saumya , Bharti Ramesh , Tikku Aseem Prakash 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe current study evaluated the stress distribution in a maxillary central incisor with mid‐root fracture after splinting with different intra‐radicular posts using 3D‐finite element analysis (FEA). Five 3D‐FEA models were constructed. Model 1 was an intact tooth with no fracture, Model 2: A tooth with a horizontal mid‐root fracture, with no treatment. Model 3: Same as model 2, and intraradicular splinting using fiber post. Model 4: Same as model 2 and intra‐radicular splinting using Protaper Gold file F3. Model 5: Same as model 2, and with intraradicular splinting with Ribbond. The FEA of all models was done to obtain the maximum Von‐Mises stress in the root canal space, the dentin, the periodontal ligament, and the bone. The highest Von Mises stresses for the root canal space and the dentin were found in Model 3, followed by models 4, 5, and 2, and least in Model 1. The Von Mises stress of the periodontal ligament was the least in model 1. The Von Mises stress of bone was higher in all experimental models than in the baseline model. The results suggest that in cases where intra‐radicular splinting is indicated, fiber posts and Ribbond are better alternatives to endodontic files due to the lower stresses exerted.
Enzymes for dermatological use
Authors: Nascimento Natália Santos , Torres‐Obreque Karin Mariana , Oliveira Camila Areias , Rabelo Jheniffer , Baby André Rolim , Long Paul F. , Young Antony R. , Rangel‐Yagui Carlota de Oliveira 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSkin is the ultimate barrier between body and environment and prevents water loss and penetration of pathogens and toxins. Internal and external stressors, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR), can damage skin integrity and lead to disorders. Therefore, skin health and skin ageing are important concerns and increased research from cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors aims to improve skin conditions and provide new anti‐ageing treatments. Biomolecules, compared to low molecular weight drugs and cosmetic ingredients, can offer high levels of specificity. Topically applied enzymes have been investigated to treat the adverse effects of sunlight, pollution and other external agents. Enzymes, with a diverse range of targets, present potential for dermatological use such as antioxidant enzymes, proteases and repairing enzymes. In this review, we discuss enzymes for dermatological applications and the challenges associated in this growing field.
Discovery of natural bispecific antibodies: Is psoriasis induced by a toxigenic Corynebacterium simulans and maintained by CIDAMPs as autoantigens?
Authors: Schröder Jens‐Michael 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe high abundance of Corynebacterium simulans in psoriasis skin suggests a contribution to the psoriasis aetiology. This hypothesis was tested in an exploratory study, where western blot (WB) analyses with extracts of heat‐treated C. simulans and psoriasis serum‐derived IgG exhibited a single 16 kDa‐WB‐band. Proteomic analyses revealed ribosomal proteins as candidate C. s.‐antigens. A peptidomic analysis unexpectedly showed that psoriasis serum‐derived IgG already contained 31 immunopeptides of Corynebacteria ssp., suggesting the presence of natural bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). Moreover, peptidomic analyses gave 372 DECOY‐peptides with similarity to virus‐ and phage proteins, including Corynebacterium diphtheriae phage, and similarity to diphtheria toxin. Strikingly, a peptidomic analysis for human peptides revealed 64 epitopes of major psoriasis autoantigens such as the spacer region of filaggrin, hornerin repeats and others. Most identified immunopeptides represent potential cationic intrinsically disordered antimicrobial peptides (CIDAMPs), which are generated within the epidermis. These may form complexes with bacterial disordered protein regions, representing chimeric antigens containing discontinuous epitopes. In addition, among 128 low‐abundance immunopeptides, 48 are putatively psoriasis‐relevant such as epitope peptides of PGE2‐, vitamin D3‐ and IL‐10‐receptors. Further, 47 immunopeptides originated from tumour antigens, and the endogenous retrovirus HERV‐K. I propose that persistent infection with a toxigenic C. simulans initiates psoriasis, which is exacerbated as an autoimmune disease by CIDAMPs as autoantigens. The discovery of natural BsAbs allows the identification of antigen epitopes from microbes, viruses, autoantigens and tumour‐antigens, and may help to develop epitope‐specific peptide‐vaccines and therapeutic approaches with antigen‐specific regulatory T cells to improve immune tolerance in an autoimmune disease‐specific‐manner.
Insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 3 enhanced melanoma migration through regulation of AKT1 and RELA expression
Authors: Sheen Yi‐Shuan , Syu Yan‐Jie , Chang Yu‐Chuan , Hsieh Ping‐Han , Liao Yi‐Hua , Lin Ming‐Hsien , Chen Chien‐Yu , Chu Chia‐Yu , Chu Chia‐Ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIMP‐3 expression is a poor prognostic factor of melanomas and it promotes melanoma cell migration and invasion by a pathway modulating HMGA2 mRNA expression. We tried to identify other putative targets of IMP‐3. We identified putative IMP‐3‐binding RNAs, including AKT1, MAPK3, RB1 and RELA, by RNA immunoprecipitation coupled with next‐generation sequencing. IMP‐3 overexpression increased AKT and RELA levels in MeWo cells. siRNAs against AKT1 and RELA inhibited MeWo/Full‐length IMP‐3 cell migration. IMP‐3 knockdown of A2058 cells decreased AKT1 and RELA expression and lowered migration ability. Co‐transfection of A2058 cells with AKT1‐ or RELA‐expressing plasmids with IMP‐3 siRNA restored the inhibitory effects of IMP‐3 knockdown on migration. HMGA2 did not influence AKT1 and RELA expression in melanoma cells. Human melanoma samples with high IMP‐3 levels also showed high HMGA2, AKT1 and RELA expression. Our results show that IMP‐3 enhances melanoma cell migration through the regulation of the AKT1 and RELA axis.
Paediatric pustulotic arthro‐osteitis patient with an IL36RN variant, heterozygous c.115+6T>C, who was successfully treated with tonsillectomy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Takami Kenji , Tsuji Shigeyoshi , Jokoji Ryu , Okubo Yukari , Higashiyama Mari 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPustulotic arthro‐osteitis (PAO) is an infrequent condition, with its manifestation in children being even rare. Some reports propose an association between genetic variants and the onset of PAO. Currently, no definitive treatment protocol exists for paediatric patients with PAO. In this study, we present the paediatric case of PAO with an IL36RN variant who was successfully treated with tonsillectomy.
Talk to us about your skin: The relationship between spoken language and haptic exploratory procedures
Authors: Arakawa Naomi , Watanabe Tomoko , Fukushima Kyoko , Matsumoto Yuko , Nakatani Masashi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo enhance satisfaction, the cosmetics industry needs to clearly understand consumers' descriptions of their key tactile preferences. It is difficult for researchers to understand verbal descriptions from people whose native language is different from their own. Previous research has implied that some sensory words with the same lexical meanings have been observed in different haptic exploratory procedures (HEPs). Therefore, our study aims to investigate and understand the key tactile perceptions of people from five different countries based on their descriptions and their HEPs.MethodsIn Experiment 1, 1545 participants living in the US, Japan, China, Italy, and Thailand described their major tactile perceptions as efficacy in skincare, and we analysed the frequency of each word used in their answers. In Experiment 2, we confirmed the task to observe HEPs for Chinese, Italian, and Thai participants. A total of 24 participants in China, 33 participants in Italy, and 30 participants in Thailand freely explored their faces with their hands and answered which side more closely matched the major tactile adjectives. Experts classified the observed HEPs into six classifications within two categories and three contact area sizes and investigated the cultural differences.ResultsMore than 2% of the Chinese, Italian, Thai, US, and Japanese participants described 33, 20, 29, 22, and 18 words, respectively, as efficacy in skincare. Verified words that described the major tactile perceptions in each native language had the same meanings as moistness, firmness, softness, smoothness, and so on. We could confirm the HEPs of these major feelings for the participants from each culture. Chinese and Thai participants' HEPs for moistness or softness were observed with a pressing movement. Conversely, Italian participants' HEPs for moistness or softness were observed with a rubbing movement.ConclusionThis study showed that words with the same lexical meanings evoked different HEPs. The results imply that different HEPs can provide different physical stimuli on the skin. Therefore, it is important to survey both objects and HEPs to better understand the tactile experience.
Vitrification of lead–bismuth alloy nuclear waste into a glass waste form
Authors: Zhou Xiong , Niu Chenchen , Li Kunfeng , Lin Peng , Xu Kai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLead–bismuth eutectic (LBE), a promising coolant in advanced nuclear systems, can be activated by neutrons during nuclear reactor operations. The decommissioning of nuclear facilities would generate lead–bismuth (Pb–Bi) alloy‐contaminated nuclear waste. The current metallic nuclear waste treatment approach involves remelting followed by cementitious solidification. This increases the waste volume and the risk of radionuclide migration in groundwater. Therefore, this study developed a method for vitrification of Pb–Bi alloy waste. Different amounts of SiO2 were added at 750–1100°C in the air to turn the simulated LBE waste into glass waste form. The values of the normalized elemental leaching rates (Pb, Bi, Si, Te, and Ni) determined using the 28‐day static leaching test were less than .2 g m−2 d−1 and varied with SiO2 addition. Furthermore, a three‐stage evolution of the glass structure with SiO2 addition was proposed according to the structural analysis performed using Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies. The evolution stages were as follows: (i) the stage of heavy metal transition from covalent to ionic heavy metals (7.5 wt% < SiO2 < 15 wt%), (ii) the stage of increase in bridging oxygen (15 wt% < SiO2 < 20 wt%), and (iii) the stage of domination of the Si–O network (20 wt% < SiO2 < 25 wt%). The evolution of the glass structure resulted in varying glass chemical durability. Finally, the glass‐forming region of (20–48)PbO–(35–70)Bi2O3–(7.5–25)SiO2 (wt%) and the temperature needed to melt those glasses were determined through the melting test, where radionuclides and toxic heavy metals showed undetectable volatilization during vitrification. Hence, turning LBE waste into glass waste form will be a potential approach for treating Pb–Bi alloy nuclear waste.
Impacts of combining Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB‐AC5 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum KUB‐D18 on overweight gut microbiota using a simulated human colon model
Authors: Pusuntisumpun Nut , Tunsagool Paiboon , Nitisinprasert Sunee , Nakphaichit Massalin 
Published: January 2024

SummaryHigh‐fat diets lead to fat accumulation and contribute to the incidence of obesity, which has now become a global public health problem. High‐fat diets directly impact the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract, causing an imbalance in the gut microbiota. This study investigated the effect of probiotics Limosilactobacillus reuteri KUB‐AC5 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum KUB‐D18 in reducing the negative effects associated with the consumption of a high‐fat diet. Results of metagenomics analysis demonstrated that the probiotics regulated the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, a recognised biomarker of gut dysbiosis. The other observation was the induction of beneficial microbes in the family Bifidobacteriaceae. Supplementation with probiotics in a high‐fat diet significantly reduced phenol, the toxic compound produced by gut microbes (P = 0.032), and promoted the production of beneficial metabolites, including trans‐cinnamic acid and L‐(−)‐3‐phenyllactic acid (P = 0.002 and 0.007, respectively). Results suggested the potential benefits of L. reuteri KUB‐AC5 and L. fermentum KUB‐D18 to alleviate the negative health risks of obesity associated with the consumption of a high‐fat diet. These probiotics offer potential benefits as future health management alternatives.
Respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized patients of severe acute respiratory infection in Bhutan: Cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dorji Kunzang , Yuden Pema , Ghishing Tara Devi , Ghimeray Govinda , Klungthong Chonticha , Wangchuk Sonam , Farmer Aaron 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, particularly in young children. In Bhutan, respiratory disease continues to be among the top 10 diseases of morbidity for several years. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of RSV among hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in Bhutan.MethodRespiratory specimens were collected from SARI patients of all ages in 2016 and 2018 following influenza surveillance guidelines. Specimens were tested for influenza and RSV, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, and human parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, and 3 using real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the result in STATA 16.1.ResultOf the 1339 SARI specimens tested, 34.8% were positive for at least one viral pathogen. RSV was detected in 18.5% of SARI cases, followed by influenza in 13.4% and other respiratory viruses in 3%. The median age of SARI cases was 3 (IQR: 0.8–21 years) years. RSV detection was higher among children aged 0–6 (Adj OR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.7–5.39) and 7–23 months (Adj OR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.77–5.12) compared with the children aged 5–15 years. RSV was also associated with breathing difficulty (Adj OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.17–2.56) and pre‐existing lung disease, including asthma (Adj OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 0.99–7.8).ConclusionRespiratory viruses were detected in a substantial proportion of SARI hospitalizations in Bhutan.
Evaluating the efficacy of combined flap coverage, antibiotic‐loaded bone cement and negative pressure irrigation in traumatic osteomyelitis management
Authors: Cong Bo , Chen Mingqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraumatic osteomyelitis with accompanying soft tissue defects presents a significant therapeutic challenge. This prospective, randomised controlled trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic‐impregnated bone cement, flap coverage and negative pressure sealed irrigation in the management of traumatic osteomyelitis complicated by soft tissue defects. A total of 46 patients with clinically diagnosed traumatic osteomyelitis and soft tissue defects were randomised into a control group (n = 23) and an observation group (n = 23). The control group underwent standard flap coverage and negative‐pressure lavage, while the observation group received an additional treatment with antibiotic‐loaded bone cement. Efficacy was measured based on clinical criteria, surgical metrics and morphometric assessment of bone and soft tissue defects. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.0. The observation group, treated with an integrated approach of flap coverage, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and antibiotic‐impregnated bone cement, demonstrated significantly higher overall treatment efficacy (91.3%) compared to the control group, which received only flap coverage and NPWT (65.2%) (p < 0.01). This enhanced efficacy was evidenced through various outcomes: the observation group experienced reduced surgical times, shorter hospital stays, fewer dressing changes and accelerated wound healing, all statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, a quantitative analysis at 6‐month post‐treatment revealed that the observation group showed more substantial reductions in both bone and soft tissue defect sizes compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The multi‐modal treatment strategy, combining skin flap coverage, antibiotic bone cement and negative‐pressure irrigation, showed marked efficacy in treating traumatic osteomyelitis and associated soft tissue defects. This approach accelerated postoperative recovery and lowered costs.
Low‐temperature bonding of glasses: The role of plasma‐engrafted surface amino groups
Authors: Nagai Sho , Nakao Keisuke , Hayashi Yasuo , Urashima Shu‐hei , Yui Hiroharu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLow‐temperature (<∼200°C) bonding of glasses is a key technology for utilizing them for microfluidics, optical applications, and microelectromechanical systems. In the present study, bonding strength of SiO2 glasses was examined for those after several surface treatment methods. As a result, it was found that two‐step (H2O→ NH3) plasma treatment remarkably strengthened the bonding strength (>1 J/m2) at the annealing temperature of 150°C. The improvement was achieved even when only one side of the bonded surfaces was plasma‐treated. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the two‐step plasma treatment generated Si–NH2 groups on the topmost surface. Upon the annealing (<200°C), the engrafted Si–NH2 was desorbed from the bonded interface, indicating that the Si–NH2 effectively reacted with Si–OH on the other side to form Si–O–Si covalent bonds. This study contributes to understanding of the role of surface functional groups for bonding reaction. Furthermore, the method proposed here would be promising as a production technology because it enables glass bonding at lower temperatures with a simple plasma system.
Using learning analytics to enhance college students' shared epistemic agency in mobile instant messaging: A new way to support deep discussion
Authors: Yu Yawen , Tao Yang , Chen Gaowei , Sun Can 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundDeep discussions play an important role in students' online learning. However, researchers have largely focused on engaging students in deep discussions in online asynchronous forums. Few studies have investigated how to promote deep discussion via mobile instant messaging (MIM).ObjectivesIn this study, we applied learning analytical tools (i.e., KBdeX and word clouds) to enhance students' shared epistemic agency and thereby support their deep discussions in MIM.MethodsForty Chinese college students participated in this study and reflected on their MIM engagement by participating in the learning analytics (LA)‐augmented meta‐discourse sessions. The study used multiple data analysis methods, including content analysis, statistical analysis, epistemic network analysis and lag sequential analysis.ResultsWe found that LA engaged students in deep discussions and shared epistemic agency‐related discourse, such as creating shared understanding, creating knowledge objects, and projective and regulative processes. In particular, word clouds engaged students in more complete shared epistemic agency discourse trajectory which started from creating awareness of unknowns, then progressed to setting projective plans and sharing information, and ultimately, creating shared understanding. Moreover, our analysis indicated that epistemic agency discourse moves of creating shared understanding led students to a high level of deep discussion.ImplicationsThis study contributes to research by extending the ‘comparison paradigm’, which focuses on comparing (a)synchronous forums with MIM, to a ‘design paradigm’, which mobilises design features from (a)synchronous forums to MIM and using learning analytical tools to engage students in deep online discussions by promoting their epistemic agency.