bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in iron balance observed with dietary cholic acid supplementation and marginal iron deficiency in rats
Authors: Kubota Natsuki , Hori Shota , Ishizuka Satoshi 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigated whether a cholic acid (CA)–supplemented diet and marginal iron deficiency (MID) diet influence hepatic lipid accumulation and iron balance in rats for 2 weeks. The CA diet enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation and modulated iron metabolism such as enhancement of fecal iron excretion, reduction in iron absorption, and no alteration in plasma iron levels. The MID diet did not alter hepatic lipid concentrations with reduced iron concentration in the liver and plasma. In combination, influence of the CA supplementation on the hepatic iron concentration was opposite between iron-sufficient and MID conditions. In the liver, the CA diet enhanced lipocalin 2 expression, whereas the MID diet enhanced transferrin receptor 1 expression and reduced hepcidin expression. This study revealed an involvement of 12-hydroxylated bile acids in regulation of hepatic iron concentration under MID condition.
Longitudinal change in mismatch negativity (MMN) but not in gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is associated with psychological difficulties in adolescence
Authors: Usui Kaori , Kirihara Kenji , Araki Tsuyoshi , Tada Mariko , Koshiyama Daisuke , Fujioka Mao , Nishimura Ryoichi , Ando Shuntaro , Koike Shinsuke , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Shirakawa Toru , Toriyama Rie , Masaoka Mio , Fujikawa Shinya , Endo Kaori , Yamasaki Syudo , Nishida Atsushi , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for psychological difficulties. Auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are representative electrophysiological indices that mature during adolescence. However, the longitudinal association between MMN/ASSR and psychological difficulties among adolescents remains unclear. We measured MMN amplitude for duration and frequency changes and ASSR twice in a subsample (n = 67, mean age 13.4 and 16.1 years, respectively) from a large-scale population-based cohort. No significant longitudinal changes were observed in any of the electroencephalography indices. Changes in SDQ-TD were significantly associated with changes in duration MMN, but not frequency MMN and ASSR. Furthermore, the subgroup with higher SDQ-TD at follow-up showed a significant duration MMN decrease over time, whereas the subgroup with lower SDQ-TD did not. The results of our population neuroscience study suggest that insufficient changes in electroencephalography indices may have been because of the short follow-up period or non-monotonic change during adolescence, and indicated that the longitudinal association with psychological difficulties was specific to the duration MMN. These findings provide new insights that electrophysiological change may underlie the development of psychosocial difficulties emerging in adolescence.
Cases of familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus implicate genetic factors in disease pathogenesis
Authors: Greenberg Ana B W , Mehta Neel H , Mekbib Kedous Y , Kiziltug Emre , Smith Hannah R , Hyman Bradley T , Chan Diane , Curry Jr. William T , Arnold Steven E , Frosch Matthew P , Duy Phan Q , Kahle Kristopher T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is a disorder of unknown pathophysiology whose diagnosis is paradoxically made by a positive response to its proposed treatment with cerebrospinal fluid diversion. There are currently no idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus disease genes or biomarkers. A systematic analysis of familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus could aid in clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratification, and elucidate disease patho-etiology. In this 2-part analysis, we review literature-based evidence for inheritance of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in 22 pedigrees, and then present a novel case series of 8 familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients. For the case series, demographics, familial history, pre- and post-operative symptoms, and cortical pathology were collected. All novel familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients exhibited improvement following shunt treatment and absence of neurodegenerative cortical pathology (amyloid-beta and hyperphosphorylated tau), in contrast to many sporadic cases of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with variable clinical responses. Analysis of the 30 total familial idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus cases reported herein is highly suggestive of an autosomal dominant mechanism of inheritance. This largest-ever presentation of multiply affected idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus pedigrees provides strong evidence for Mendelian inheritance and autosomal dominant transmission of an idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus trait in a subset of patients that positively respond to shunting and lack neurodegenerative pathology. Genomic investigation of these families may identify the first bona fide idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus disease gene.
Adrenocortical function in patients with Single Large Scale Mitochondrial DNA Deletions: a retrospective single centre cohort study
Authors: Siri Barbara , D’Alessandro Annamaria , Maiorana Arianna , Porzio Ottavia , Ravà Lucilla , Dionisi-Vici Carlo , Cappa Marco , Martinelli Diego 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
Single Large Scale Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (SLSMDs), Pearson Syndrome (PS) and Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS), are systemic diseases with multiple endocrine abnormalities. The adrenocortical function has not been systematically investigated with a few anecdotal reports of overt adrenal insufficiency (AI). The study aimed to assess the adrenocortical function in a large cohort of SLSMDs.

Design and methods
A retrospective monocentric longitudinal study involved a cohort of 18 SLSMDs patients. Adrenocortical function was evaluated by baseline adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol measurements and by high- (HDT) and low-dose (LDT) ACTH stimulation tests and compared with 92 healthy controls (HC).

Results
Baseline adrenocortical function was impaired in 39% of patients and by the end of the study, 66% of PS and 25% of KSS showed an insufficient increase after ACTH stimulation, with cortisol deficiency due to primary AI in most PS and subclinical AI in KSS. Symptomatic AI was recorded in 44% of patients. Peak cortisol levels after ACTH stimulation tests were significantly lower in patients than in HC (P &lt; .0001), with a more reduced response to LDT vs HDT (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Our study highlights that cortisol deficiency due to primary AI represents a relevant part of the clinical spectrum in SLSMDs, with more severe impairment in PS than in KSS. Basal and after-stimulus assessment of adrenocortical axis should be early and regularly investigated to identify any degree of adrenocortical dysfunction. The study allowed the elaboration of a diagnostic process designed for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of adrenocortical abnormalities in SLSMDs.
A reference genome for the long-term kleptoplast-retaining sea slugElysia crispatamorphotype clarki
Authors: Eastman Katharine E , Pendleton Amanda L , Shaikh Mearaj A , Suttiyut Thiti , Ogas Raeya , Tomko Paxton , Gavelis Gregory , Widhalm Joshua R , Wisecaver Jennifer H 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeveral species of sacoglossan sea slugs possess the incredible ability to sequester chloroplasts from the algae they consume. These “photosynthetic animals” incorporate stolen chloroplasts, called kleptoplasts, into the epithelial cells of tubules that extend from their digestive tracts throughout their bodies. The mechanism by which these slugs maintain functioning kleptoplasts in the absence of an algal nuclear genome is unknown. Here, we report a draft genome of the sacoglossan slug Elysia crispata morphotype clarki, a morphotype native to the Florida Keys that can retain photosynthetically active kleptoplasts for several months without feeding. We used a combination of Oxford Nanopore Technologies long reads and Illumina short reads to produce a 786-Mb assembly (N50 = 0.459 Mb) containing 68,514 predicted protein-coding genes. A phylogenetic analysis found no evidence of horizontal acquisition of genes from algae. We performed gene family and gene expression analyses to identify E. crispata genes unique to kleptoplast-containing slugs that were more highly expressed in fed versus unfed developmental life stages. Consistent with analyses in other kleptoplastic slugs, our investigation suggests that genes encoding lectin carbohydrate-binding proteins and those involved in regulation of reactive oxygen species and immunity may play a role in kleptoplast retention. Lastly, we identified four polyketide synthase genes that could potentially encode proteins producing UV- and oxidation-blocking compounds in slug cell membranes. The genome of E. crispata is a quality resource that provides potential targets for functional analyses and enables further investigation into the evolution and mechanisms of kleptoplasty in animals.
De Novo Crohn’s Disease in the Pediatric Pouch
Authors: O’Shea Delia , Picoraro Joseph A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Children who undergo ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) may ultimately develop a Crohn’s disease (CD) phenotype. This de novo CD is open to broad interpretation and misattribution, and its manifestation in children is poorly understood. The surgically altered environment of the ileal pouch is at risk of a spectrum of ileal pouch disorders, which have limited description in children. In this issue of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, a multicenter, retrospective study of children with UC who underwent IPAA and developed de novo CD highlights the challenges and opportunities of ileal pouch characterization in children.
A new step size selection strategy for the superiorization methodology using subgradient vectors and its application for solving convex constrained optimization problems
Authors: Abbasi Mokhtar , Ahmadinia Mahdi , Ahmadinia Ali 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach for solving convex constrained minimization problems by introducing a special subclass of quasi-nonexpansive operators and combining them with the superiorization methodology that utilizes subgradient vectors. Superiorization methodology tries to reduce a target function while seeking a feasible point for the given constraints. We begin by introducing a new class of operators, which includes many well-known operators used for solving convex feasibility problems. Next, we demonstrate how the superiorization methodology can be combined with the introduced class of operators to obtain superiorized operators. To achieve this, we present a new formula for the step size of the perturbations in the superiorized operators. Finally, we propose an iterative method that utilizes the superiorized operators to solve convex constrained minimization problems. We provide examples of image reconstruction from projections (tomography) to demonstrate the capabilities of our proposed iterative method.
Tubular Adenoma of the Breast: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
Authors: Joo Gloria J , Carter Gloria J , Berg Wendie A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Breast tubular adenomas (TAs) are rare, benign glandular epithelial tumors that arise from a proliferation of acini in the terminal duct lobular units. In the literature, 40 TA cases have previously been reported, and we describe 5 additional cases in this article. In the small number of reported cases, TAs present most often in women of reproductive age but may also occur in postmenopausal women. Mammographically and sonographically, TAs are almost indistinguishable from fibroadenomas (FAs), and they typically present on US as hypoechoic, oval, circumscribed, parallel masses with variable internal vascularity. TAs can also be seen on mammography as oval masses with microlobulated margins, or as grouped coarse, heterogeneous microcalcifications with or without associated mass or asymmetry. On MRI, TAs present as heterogeneously enhancing, T2-hyperintense oval masses with persistent kinetics. Histopathologically, TAs consist of closely packed round tubules with minimal stroma, in distinction to FAs, which have a prominent stromal component that surrounds and can distort the associated tubules. Because of their benign classification and excellent prognosis, patients with biopsy-confirmed TAs may resume routine screening. Complete surgical excision may be considered for cosmetic purposes or for TAs exhibiting associated suspicious calcifications or rapid growth.
GWAS analysis of maize host plant resistance to western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) reveals candidate small effect loci for resistance breeding
Authors: Washburn Jacob D , LaFond Harper F , Lapadatescu Martian C , Pereira Adriano E , Erb Matthias , Hibbard Bruce E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is the most serious economic pest of maize, Zea mays (L.) (Poales: Poaceae), in the U.S. Corn Belt and also threatens production in Europe. Traditional management options have repeatedly failed over time as western corn rootworm rapidly develops resistance to insecticides, transgenic maize and even crop rotation. Traits that improve host plant resistance and tolerance are highly sought after by plant breeders for crop protection and pest management. However, maize resistance to western corn rootworm appears to be highly complex and despite over 75 yr of breeding efforts, there are no naturally resistant hybrids available commercially. Using phenotypic data from field and greenhouse experiments on a highly diverse collection of 282 inbred lines, we screened and genetically mapped western corn rootworm-related traits to identify genetic loci which may be useful for future breeding or genetic engineering efforts. Our results confirmed that western corn rootworm resistance is complex with relatively low heritability due in part to strong genotype by environment impacts and the inherent difficulties of phenotyping below ground root traits. The results of the Genome Wide Associated Study identified 29 loci that are potentially associated with resistance to western corn rootworm. Of these loci, 16 overlap with those found in previous transcription or mapping studies indicating a higher likelihood they are truly involved in maize western corn rootworm resistance. Taken together with previous studies, these results indicate that breeding for natural western corn rootworm resistance will likely require the stacking of multiple small effect loci.
Student-Athletes’ Deteriorating Mental Health During COVID-19: Recommendations on Proactive Strategies for Addressing Unique Mental Health Needs
Authors: Cheng Mira , van Niekerk Maike , Biviano Gina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
High school and college student-athletes face unique stressors that can negatively impact their mental health, which were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although mental health issues are prevalent in athletic communities, there often remains stigma around mental health and reluctance to seek psychological support. Physical injury can be the cause or the result of the psychological struggles that athletes face—holistic care for the adolescent athlete population must incorporate both elements. Pediatric psychologists, allied healthcare professionals, sports organizations, academic institutions, coaches, caregivers, and student-athletes themselves all play an active role in shaping the mental health of student-athletes and are therefore responsible for creating a culture that prioritizes mental and physical wellness. This paper aims to provide clear recommendations for the various stakeholders on how to address the unique mental health needs of student-athletes. The recommendations presented are based on a review of existing literature in the field and on-the-ground experience working with student-athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several key interventions highlighted in this paper, including changing the athletic community's culture to prioritize the holistic well-being of athletes, as well as proactively offering mental health education, resources, and programming for student-athletes, with a particular emphasis on health equity to meet the needs of students most at risk. Commitment from pediatric psychologists and allied healthcare professionals, sports organizations, academic institutions, coaches, caregivers, and student-athletes will maximize the likelihood of improving student-athletes’ psychological well-being.
Emission-line properties of IllustrisTNG galaxies: from local diagnostic diagrams to high-redshift predictions for JWST
Authors: Hirschmann Michaela , Charlot Stephane , Feltre Anna , Curtis-Lake Emma , Somerville Rachel S , Chevallard Jacopo , Choi Ena , Nelson Dylan , Morisset Christophe , Plat Adele , Vidal-Garcia Alba 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We compute synthetic, rest-frame optical and ultraviolet (UV) emission-line properties of galaxy populations at redshifts from z ≈ 0 to  = 8 in a full cosmological framework. We achieve this by coupling, in post-processing, the cosmological IllustrisTNG simulations with new-generation nebular-emission models, accounting for line emission from young stars, post-asymptotic giant branch (PAGB) stars, accreting black holes (BHs) and, for the first time, fast radiative shocks. The optical emission-line properties of simulated galaxies dominated by different ionizing sources in our models are largely consistent with those expected from classical diagnostic diagrams and reflect the observed increase in [O iii]/Hβ at fixed [N ii]/Hα and the evolution of the Hα, [O iii]λ5007, and [O ii] λ3727 luminosity functions from z ≈ 0 to ∼ 2. At higher redshift, we find that the emission-line galaxy population is dominated by star-forming and active galaxies, with negligible fractions of shock- and PAGB-dominated galaxies. We highlight 10 UV-diagnostic diagrams able to robustly identify the dominant ionizing sources in high-redshift galaxies. We also compute the evolution of several optical- and UV-line-luminosity functions from z = 4 to 7, and the number of galaxies expected to be detectable per field of view in deep, medium-resolution spectroscopic observations with the NIRSpec instrument on board the JWST. We find that 2-h-long exposures are sufficient to achieve unbiased censuses of Hα and [O iii]λ5007 emitters, while at least 5 h are required for Hβ, and even 10 h will detect only progressively smaller fractions of [O ii] λ3727, O iii] λ1663, C iii] λ1908, C iv λ1550, [N ii]λ6584, Si iii] λ1888, and He ii λ1640 emitters, especially in the presence of dust.
Sweeping secular resonances and giant planet inclinations in transition discs
Authors: Zanazzi J J , Chiang E 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The orbits of some warm Jupiters are highly inclined (20°–50°) to those of their exterior companions. Comparable misalignments are inferred between the outer and inner portions of some transition discs. These large inclinations may originate from planet–planet and planet–disc secular resonances that sweep across interplanetary space as parent discs disperse. The maximum factor by which a seed mutual inclination can be amplified is of the order of the square root of the angular momentum ratio of the resonant pair. We identify those giant planet systems (e.g. Kepler-448 and Kepler-693) that may have crossed a secular resonance, and estimate the required planet masses and semimajor axes in transition discs needed to warp their innermost portions (e.g. in CQ Tau). Passage through an inclination secular resonance could also explain the hypothesized large mutual inclinations in apsidally-orthogonal warm Jupiter systems (e.g. HD 147018).
Better together: the complex interplay between radiative cooling and magnetic draping
Authors: Hidalgo-Pineda Fernando , Farber Ryan Jeffrey , Gronke Max 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Rapidly outflowing cold H i gas is ubiquitously observed to be cospatial with a hot phase in galactic winds, yet the ablation time of cold gas by the hot phase should be much shorter than the acceleration time. Previous work showed efficient radiative cooling enables clouds to survive in hot galactic winds under certain conditions, as can magnetic fields even in purely adiabatic simulations for sufficiently small density contrasts between the wind and cloud. In this work, we study the interplay between radiative cooling and magnetic draping via three dimensional radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations with perpendicular ambient fields and tangled internal cloud fields. We find magnetic fields decrease the critical cloud radius for survival by two orders of magnitude (i.e. to sub-pc scales) in the strongly magnetized (βwind = 1) case. Our results show magnetic fields (i) accelerate cloud entrainment through magnetic draping, (ii) can cause faster cloud destruction in cases of inefficient radiative cooling, (iii) do not significantly suppress mass growth for efficiently cooling clouds, and, crucially, in combination with radiative cooling (iv) reduce the average overdensity by providing non-thermal pressure support of the cold gas. This substantially reduces the acceleration time compared to the destruction time (more than due to draping alone), enhancing cloud survival. Our results may help to explain the cold tiny rapidly outflowing cold gas observed in galactic winds and the subsequent high covering fraction of cold material in galactic haloes.
Origin of flat-top electron distributions at the Earth’s bow shock
Authors: Stasiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
An explanation is provided for flat-top electron distributions observed at the bow shock. It is shown that flat-tops are produced by the stochastic wave energization (SWE) mechanism. First, we demonstrate that flat-tops in one-dimensional (1D) reduced distribution functions correspond to rings in 2D distribution functions, or to shell distributions in 3D. The velocity of the ring/shell corresponds to the E × B velocity due to the wave electric field, $V_{\mathrm{ E}{\times }\mathrm{ B}}=\tilde{E}_\perp /B$, which is a natural consequence of the SWE process. The identification of processes responsible for electron flat-top distributions was made with magnetospheric multiscale measurements supported by test-particle simulations.