bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LEGAL PROTECTION FOR VICTIMS OF RAPE IN INDONESIA'S LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Nurani Siti Syahida 
Published: January 2024

The issue of Human Rights (HAM) is becoming an increasingly important agenda, the international community continues to urge all member states of the United Nations to take various steps and actions, including making laws to eliminate discrimination and violence against women. Indonesia's policy to ratify the global law mentioned above, is suspected by the rampant problems of violence faced by almost every nation and country on this earth.Â The research methodology used is library research which is carried out by searching, taking an inventory and studying laws and regulations, doctrines, and other secondary data, which are related to the focus of the problem. in the legal framework Indonesia has provided guarantees for human rights (both women and men) as stated in the second amendment of the 1945 Constitution of Article 28 A-J and Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights. UU no. 7 of 1984 concerning the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women or the Ratification of the Women's Convention, which states that the state will make maximum efforts to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women, including violence against women, in particular sexual violence is regulated in the Child Protection Law and the Criminal Code, while other forms of protection for victims of sexual crimes.
COMPARATIVE TEST OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ALCOHOL MIXTURE BASE HAND SANITIZER WITH CHLORHEXIDINE MIXTURE BASE ON ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SHIGELLA SONNEI BACTERIA
Authors: Valentino Mikhael , Cahyadi Salwa Nisrina , Andini Putri , Ferdian Muhamad , Widjaja Tiyon , Razan Fachrudin Brooklyn , Nabila Annisa Hasna , Wandira Salsabilla Puteri , Marliah Saputri Sirly , Azzahra Khayla Shifa , Kusumaningrum Alfina Aprilia , Shabrina Cut Laila Nur , Nurjannah Rabbiah Putri 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Hand sanitizer is a hand cleanser which is easy and practical in use. Using hand sanitizer can be an alternative for washing hands if in condition without water and soap. Hand sanitizer is used to clean pathogens on hands. The ability to kill pathogens in hand sanitizers is due to the active substance content in them. In this research, the effectiveness of 2 hand sanitizers on the market was tested. The test aims to see the effect of the active substances in each preparation on the effectiveness of killing pathogens. Testing was carried out using the Kirby Bauer method and on 2 bacterial media, namely Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei. Hand sanitizer 1 has a composition consisting of 70% ethyl alcohol and 0.5% chlorhexidine. Hand sanitizer 2 has a composition consisting of 55% ethyl alcohol and 18% isopropyl alcohol with a total of 73% alcohol. Based on observations, it was found that hand sanitizer 1 was more effective than hand sanitizer 2. The chlorhexidine content in hand sanitizer 1 increased its effectiveness in killing pathogens.
The key role of the right posterior fusiform gyrus in music reading: an electrical neuroimaging study on 90 readers
Authors: Proverbio Alice Mado , Arcuri Giulia , Pantaleo Marta Maria , Zani Alberto , Manfredi Mirella 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn this study, we employed a combined electromagnetic recording technique, i.e., electroencephalogram (EEG)/event-related potentials (ERPs) plus standardized weighted low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (swLORETA), to investigate the neural mechanism subserving the orthographic processing of symbols in language and music. While much is known about word processing, the current literature remains inconclusive regarding music reading, as its mechanisms appear to be left lateralized in some cases (as suggested by music-alexia clinical case reports) and either right-sided or bilateral in others, depending on the study and the methodology used.MethodsIn this study, 90 right-handed participants with varying musical abilities and sexes performed an attentional selection task that involved the recognition of target letters and musical notes, while their EEG signals were recorded from 128 sites.ResultsThe occipito/temporal N170 component of ERPs (170–210 ms) was found strictly left-sided during letter selection and bilateral (with a right-hemispheric tendency) during note selection. Source reconstruction data indicated the preponderant engagement of the right posterior fusiform gyrus (BA19) for processing musical notes. Also involved were other brain regions belonging to the word reading circuit, including the left-sided visual word form area (VWFA) and frontal eye-fields (FEFs).DiscussionThis finding provides an explanation for the infrequent appearance of musical alexia cases (previously observed only in patients with left hemispheric lesions). It also suggests how musical literacy could be a rehabilitative and preventive factor for dyslexia, by promoting neuroplasticity and bilaterality in the reading areas.
Mycoplasma infection aggravates cardiac involvements in Kawasaki diseases: a retrospective study
Authors: Lu Guoyan , Li Xing , Tang Jie , Jin Yuxi , Wang Yang , Zhou Kaiyu , Li Yifei 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection serves as a substantial cofactor in Kawasaki disease (KD) among patients. Although the dominant issue triggering KD has recently focused on MP infection, the complete demonstration of the relationship between MP infection and KD remains elusive. This study endeavors to scrutinize and compare the clinical manifestations and cardiac involvement between MP-triggered KD and non-infection–associated KD.MethodThis retrospective study (2023-039, approved by the Institutional Review Board of West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University) encompassed 247 consecutive patients diagnosed with KD between June 2017 and December 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups: the MP group (n = 38) and the non-MP group (n = 209). Univariable analysis was utilized to discern differences in clinical features, severity of inflammation, and initial or persistent cardiac complications between the two groups.ResultsThe MP group exhibited a more intricate clinical profile compared with the non-MP group, characterized by prolonged hospital stays, a higher incidence of incomplete KD, and elevated comorbidities. In addition, MP infection correlated with severe hematological disorders, coagulation dysfunction, and myocardial injuries. Our findings revealed that MP infection led to prolonged inflammation after initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. Although initial cardiac assessments failed to discern disparities between the two groups, MP infection notably exacerbated coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs), resulting in sustained dilation.ConclusionsRecognizing MP infection as a significant infectious factor associated with KD is imperative. In patients with KD, MP infection significantly prolongs inflammation and causes hematological disturbances during the initial treatment phase. Moreover, the presence of MP infection exacerbates the progression of CAAs and myocardial injuries during the subacute phase of KD, consequently contributing to the persistence of CAAs.
Current situation and factors influencing elderly care in community day care centers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Junyu , Zhu Yuan , Song Yulei , Liang Yongqi , Wang Lulu , Li Weitong , Wang Huimei , Xu Guihua 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe latest census data show that people over 60 years of age account for about 18.7% of the total population in China, and the aging of the population has become an irreversible trend in the 21st century. This study aimed to investigate the current status and factors influencing the care of the elderly in community day care centers in order to lay the foundation for the development of better services in community day care centers.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling in Nanjing, China. The survey instrument was the Day care and Elderly Care Service Needs Questionnaire, which included the Ability of Daily Living Assessment (ADL), the Xiao Shuiyuan Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Day care Elderly Care Service Needs Survey Form, and a general information survey.ResultsA total of 450 elderly people in day care centers were surveyed. The elderly had different levels of demand for day care services, especially regarding daily care. Correlation analyses indicated that age (r = 0.619), education level (r = 0.616), source of income (r = 0.582), caregiver (r = 0.557), satisfaction with care service (r = 0.603), and degree of ADL (r = 0.629) were correlated with the need for elderly day care services (all p &lt; 0.05). The factors influencing the demand for day care services encompassed age, education level, income source, caregiver, satisfaction with service, and ADL (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionElderly care services in community day care centers are mainly based on daily and spiritual comfort, and the needs of the elderly are influenced by many factors. Timely nursing care policies and measures that target these factors are needed to improve elderly care.
Case presentation and management of Lyme disease patients: a 9-year retrospective analysis in France
Authors: Perthame Emeline , Chartier Loïc , George Jean-Claude , Varloud Marie , Ferquel Elisabeth , Choumet Valérie 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common vector disease in temperate countries of the northern hemisphere. It is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex.MethodsTo study the case presentation of LB in France, we contacted about 700 physicians every year between 2003 and 2011. An anonymous questionnaire was established allowing the collection of 3,509 cases. The information collected was imported or directly entered into databases and allowed identifying variables that were validated in a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA).ResultsSixty percent of the cases were confirmed, 10% were probable, 13.5% doubtful, 10.2% asymptomatic seropositive and 6.3% were negative. The clinical manifestations reported were cutaneous (63%), neurological (26%), articular (7%), ocular (1.9%) and cardiac (1.3%). Almost all patients were treated. When focusing more particularly on confirmed cases, our studies confirm that children have a distinct clinical presentation from adults. There is a gender effect on clinical presentation, with females presenting more often with erythema migrans or acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans than males, while males present more often with neurological signs or arthritis than females.DiscussionThis is the first time that a comprehensive study of suspected Lyme borreliosis cases has been conducted over several years in France. Although we were not able to follow the clinical course of patients after treatment, these results suggest the interest of refining the questionnaire and of following up a cohort of patients over a sufficiently long period to obtain more information on their fate according to different parameters.
Efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen granule in the treatment of non-influenza viral pneumonia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study
Authors: Ma Chengjie , Chen Bojun , Li Yanming , Gu Li , Dong Jianping , Xu Zhenyang , Wei Lijuan , He Zhihong , Nie Xiuhong , Feng Shuwen , Cao Bin , Sun Lei , Yang Limin , Li Xingwang , Jiang Rongmeng 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo observe the effectiveness and safety of Lianhua Qingwen granule in the treatment of non-influenza viral pneumonia.MethodsThis study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were clinically diagnosed with viral pneumonia (negative for influenza virus) were randomly divided into the Lianhua Qingwen granule trial group and placebo control group. Patients in the trial group was given Lianhua Qingwen granule, 2 bags at a time, 3 times a day, and the controls were given placebo, with a treatment course of 7 days. Patients’ clinical symptoms and signs, and treatment-associated adverse events were observed. Subjects should be included in the full analysis set (FAS) as long as they were all given the medication and had an effectiveness test performed after randomization. Subjects should be included in the Per Protocol Set (PPS),a subset of the total analysis set, which should contain those with strong compliance, no protocol violations, and complete baseline values for the primary indicators.ResultsA total of 169 subjects were enrolled in 12 subcenters, including 151 (76 in the trial group and 75 in the control group) in the FAS and 140 (68 in the trial group and 72 in the control group) in the PPS. After 7 days of treatment, the clinical symptom relief rates were 82.98% (FAS) and 87.12% (PPS) in the trial group, and 75.11% (FAS) and 76.02% (PPS) in the control group, respectively. The clinical symptom relief rates in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p &lt; 0.001). Significant improvements in single symptoms of cough and expectoration in the trial group were observed compared with the control group (p &lt; 0.05). There were no statistical differences in fever, sputum color change, chest pain, muscle pain, dyspnea, chills, and thirst between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05).SafetyThere were no significant differences in body weight, vital signs, blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, and blood biochemical indicators (CK, AST, ALT, Cr, and Bun) between the two groups before and after treatment (p &gt; 0.05). During treatment, there were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events between the two groups (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionLianhua Qingwen granules improved the clinical symptoms of patients with non-influenza virus pneumonia, especially ameliorating cough and expectoration. Lianhua Qingwen granules were associated with good safety.
Early prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast tumors: a comparative study using amide proton transfer-weighted, diffusion weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI
Authors: Zhang Nan , Song Qingwei , Liang Hongbing , Wang Zhuo , Wu Qi , Zhang Haonan , Zhang Lina , Liu Ailian , Wang Huali , Wang Jiazheng , Lin Liangjie 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveTo examine amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) combined with diffusion weighed (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI for early prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast cancer.MaterialsIn this prospective study, 50 female breast cancer patients (49.58 ± 10.62 years old) administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were enrolled with MRI carried out both before NAC (T0) and at the end of the second cycle of NAC (T1). The patients were divided into 2 groups based on tumor response according to the Miller-Payne Grading (MPG) system. Group 1 included patients with a greater degree of decrease in major histologic responder (MHR, Miller-Payne G4-5), while group 2 included non-MHR cases (Miller-Payne G1-3). Traditional imaging protocols (T1 weighted, T2 weighted, diffusion weighted, and DCE-MRI) and APTw imaging were scanned for each subject before and after treatment. APTw value (APTw0 and APTw1), Dmax (maximum diameter, Dmax0 and Dmax1), V (3D tumor volume, V0 and V1), and ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC0 and ADC1) before and after treatment, as well as changes between the two times points (ΔAPT, ΔDmax, ΔV, ΔADC) for breast tumors were compared between the two groups.ResultsAPT0 and APT1 values significantly differed between the two groups (p = 0.034 and 0.01). ΔAPTw values were significantly lower in non-MHR tumors compared with MHR tumors (p = 0.015). ΔDmax values were significantly higher in MHR tumors compared with non-MHR tumors (p = 0.005). ADC0 and ADC1 values were significantly higher in MHR tumors than in non-MHR tumors (p = 0.038 and 0.035). AUC (Dmax+DWI + APTw) = AUC (Dmax+APTw) &gt; AUC (APTw) &gt; AUC (Dmax+DWI) &gt; AUC (Dmax).ConclusionAPTw imaging along with change of tumor size showed a significant potential in early prediction of MHR for NAC treatment in breast cancer, which might allow timely regimen refinement before definitive surgical treatment.
Genetically predicted causality between gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and intracerebral hemorrhage: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Tianlong , Liu Gang , Cao Yina , Zhao Jianqiang , Jiang Siyi , Zhang Ya , Li Min 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundRecent research linked changes in the gut microbiota and serum metabolite concentrations to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the potential causal relationship remained unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to estimate the effects of genetically predicted causality between gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and ICH.MethodsSummary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and ICH were obtained separately. Gut microbiota GWAS (N = 18,340) were acquired from the MiBioGen study, serum metabolites GWAS (N = 7,824) from the TwinsUK and KORA studies, and GWAS summary-level data for ICH from the FinnGen R9 (ICH, 3,749 cases; 339,914 controls). A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the causal effects between gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and ICH. The random-effects inverse variance-weighted (IVW) MR analyses were performed as the primary results, together with a series of sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Besides, a reverse MR was conducted to evaluate the possibility of reverse causation. To validate the relevant findings, we further selected data from the UK Biobank for analysis.ResultsMR analysis results revealed a nominal association (p &lt; 0.05) between 17 gut microbial taxa, 31 serum metabolites, and ICH. Among gut microbiota, the higher level of genus Eubacterium xylanophilum (odds ratio (OR): 1.327, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.154–1.526; Bonferroni-corrected p = 7.28 × 10−5) retained a strong causal relationship with a higher risk of ICH after the Bonferroni corrected test. Concurrently, the genus Senegalimassilia (OR: 0.843, 95% CI: 0.778–0.915; Bonferroni-corrected p = 4.10 × 10−5) was associated with lower ICH risk. Moreover, after Bonferroni correction, only two serum metabolites remained out of the initial 31 serum metabolites. One of the serum metabolites, Isovalerate (OR: 7.130, 95% CI: 2.648–19.199; Bonferroni-corrected p = 1.01 × 10−4) showed a very strong causal relationship with a higher risk of ICH, whereas the other metabolite was unidentified and excluded from further analysis. Various sensitivity analyses yielded similar results, with no heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy observed.ConclusionThis two-sample MR study revealed the significant influence of gut microbiota and serum metabolites on the risk of ICH. The specific bacterial taxa and metabolites engaged in ICH development were identified. Further research is required in the future to delve deeper into the mechanisms behind these findings.
Gut microbiota and risk of endocarditis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Mengyue , Bi Wen , Zhang Zhijie 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe associations between gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease have been reported in previous studies. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and endocarditis remains unclear.MethodsA bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to detect the association between gut microbiota and endocarditis. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was considered the main result. Simultaneously, heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were conducted.ResultsOur study suggests that family Victivallaceae (p = 0.020), genus Eubacterium fissicatena group (p = 0.047), genus Escherichia Shigella (p = 0.024), genus Peptococcus (p = 0.028) and genus Sellimonas (p = 0.005) play protective roles in endocarditis. Two microbial taxa, including genus Blautia (p = 0.006) and genus Ruminococcus2 (p = 0.024) increase the risk of endocarditis. At the same time, endocarditis has a negative effect on genus Eubacterium fissicatena group (p = 0.048). Besides, no heterogeneity or pleiotropy was found in this study.ConclusionOur study emphasized the certain role of specific gut microbiota in patients with endocarditis and clarified the negative effect of endocarditis on gut microbiota.
Is there an affective neuroscience of spirituality? The development and validation of the OCEANic feelings scale
Authors: Schmautz Beate , Fuchshuber Jürgen , Andres Deborah , Prandstätter Theresa , Roithmeier Lisa , Freund Anton , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundOceanic feelings represent a phenomenological structure of affective sensations that characteristically involve feelings of self-dissolution and feelings of unity and transcendence. This study presents the preliminary version of a self-report instrument to measure individual dispositions toward oceanic feelings in order to enable further research within the concept of primary emotions postulated by Jaak Panksepp.MethodsA first version of the questionnaire was applied to a total sample of 926 German-speaking adults of the general population. After performing item analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) in a first study (N = 300), the questionnaire was shortened. In a second study (N = 626), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted and emerged scales were related to the already established instruments for the assessment of primary emotions (BANPS-GL) and Big Five personality traits (BFI-44).ResultsThe OCEANic scale exhibited reliabilities ranging from Cronbach’s α = 0.82 (positive) to α = 0.88 (negative) and plausible correlations with behavioral traits related to the seven affective neurobiological systems (ANGER, FEAR, CARE, SEEK, PLAY, SADNESS, and LUST) as well as with personality factors measured by the Big Five Inventory. For CFA, a bifactorial model with an overall factor demonstrated good fit: RMSEA = 0.00 (90% CI:0.00, 0.03); TLI = 1.00; CFI = 1.00; NFI = 0.99.DiscussionThe OCEANic scale enables the operationalization of oceanic feelings comprising two subscales and one total scale. The results indicate good reliability and acceptable factorial validity. Establishment and further validation of the OCEANic scale within future research will be needed to fully understand the role of oceanic feelings within the human affective life, especially the personality trait of spirituality.