bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of in vitro methodology to investigate phthalate effects on the differentiation of seminiferous tubule-associated stem cells to form Leydig cells and on the Leydig cells derived from the stem cells
Authors: Traore Kassim , Zirkin Barry 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Leydig cells isolated from the testis are able to sustain high levels of testosterone production in vitro, but only for up to 3 days. Such cells are valuable for addressing the acute effects of chemicals on steroidogenic function, but not for repeated or chronic effects. Methodology is now available by which adult Leydig cells can be derived in vitro from seminiferous tubule-associated stem cells. In contrast to isolated Leydig cells, the Leydig cells derived in this way can synthesize and secrete high levels of testosterone for months. Herein, we asked whether this system might be used to address the effect of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) exposure on the formation of Leydig cells from tubule-associated stem cells, and on the Leydig cells after their formation.Methods: Adult Brown Norway rats received an intraperitoneal injection of ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) to eliminate the existing Leydig cells. Seminiferous tubules then were isolated and cultured in medium containing Insulin-Transferrin- Selenium (ITS), Smoothened Agonist (SAG), and luteinizing hormone (LH).Results: Culture of the tubules for 8 weeks resulted in the formation of cells on the surfaces of the tubules that stained for CYP11A1 and STAR and produced high levels of testosterone. When the tubules were cultured in medium containing increasing concentrations of MEHP, concentration-dependent effects on Leydig cell formation occurred. To determine the effect of MEHP on newly produced Leydig cells, tubules were cultured for 8 weeks in the absence of MEHP, resulting in the formation of adult Leydig cells, and then in medium containing increasing concentrations of MEHP. Concentration-dependent decreases in testosterone production by the adult Leydig cells were seen, and these decreases proved to be reversible.Discussion: The use of this new system should make it possible to determine the mechanisms by which acute, repeated, or chronic exposures to increasing concentrations of MEHP and/or exposure to other chemicals affect the formation of Leydig cells from stem cells, as well as the steroidogenic function of adult Leydig cells.
Development of a polarimetric thermal imager calibration method
Authors: Kolobrodov Valentyn , Sokol Bohdan 
Published: February 2024

Measurement of thermal imager characteristics is important for the reliable and efficient operation of the device in various fields, including science, medicine, and industry. Incorrect measurements can lead to errors, which can be critical, especially for military-grade thermal imagers.
This article is dedicated to developing a method for monitoring the output parameters of polarimetric thermal imagers based on calibration. During calibration, the following operations are proposed: visual inspection, functionality check, measurement of polarimetric thermal imager parameters, and evaluation of measurement uncertainties. In this article, the controlled parameters of the polarimetric thermal imager are the measured for device temperature and NETD, Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference. For these parameters, a measurement model, a measurement function, and an uncertainty budget have been developed. The uncertainty budget includes only the main and most influential uncertainty components. This methodology can only be used for one type of polarimetric thermal imager, where the determination of the radiation polarization state is achieved by rotating a phase plate.
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients on Home Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Shah Silvi , Weinhandl Eric , Gupta Nupur , Leonard Anthony C. , Christianson Annette L. , Thakar Charuhas V. 
Published: February 2024

Key Points

Home hemodialysis is associated with decreased risk of stroke and acute coronary syndrome relative to peritoneal dialysis.Home hemodialysis is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause death relative to peritoneal dialysis.

Background
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ESKD. Little is known about differences in cardiovascular outcomes between home hemodialysis (HHD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods
We evaluated 68,645 patients who initiated home dialysis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018, using the United States Renal Data System with linked Medicare claims. Rates for incident cardiovascular events of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and stroke hospitalizations were determined. Using adjusted time-to-event models, the associations of type of home dialysis modality with the outcomes of incident cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death were examined.

Results
Mean age of patients in the study cohort was 64±15 years, and 42.3% were women. The mean time of follow-up was 1.8±1.6 years. The unadjusted cardiovascular event rate was 95.1 per thousand person-years (PTPY) (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.6 to 96.8), with a higher rate in patients on HHD than on PD (127.8 PTPY; 95% CI, 118.9 to 137.2 versus 93.3 PTPY; 95% CI, 91.5 to 95.1). However, HHD was associated with a slightly lower adjusted risk of cardiovascular events than PD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.997). Compared with patients on PD, patients on HHD had 42% lower adjusted risk of stroke (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.71), 17% lower adjusted risk of acute coronary syndrome (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.95), and no difference in risk of heart failure (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.16). HHD was associated with 22% lower adjusted risk of cardiovascular death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.86) and 8% lower adjusted risk of all-cause death (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.97) as compared with PD.

Conclusions
Relative to PD, HHD is associated with decreased risk of stroke, acute coronary syndrome, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. Further studies are needed to better understand the factors associated with differences in cardiovascular outcomes by type of home dialysis modality in patients with kidney failure.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Pokok Hidrokarbon Berdasarkan Gaya Belajar (Studi Pada Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Bontolempangan Kabupaten Gowa)
Authors: Nur Fahruddin Ilham , Danial Muhammad , Pratiwi Diana Eka 
Published: February 2024

Analysis of Student Results with subject matter is Hydrocarbon Based Learning Styles (Studies in Class X SMAN 1 Bontolempangan Gowa). Chemistry Education Program. Department of Chemistry. Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences. Makassar State University (led by Muhammad Danial and Diana Eka).
This study was a descriptive study aimed to describe the results of student learning in SMA Negeri 1 Bontolempangan Gowa district based on learning style in the subject matter of hydrocarbons. Subjects are consist of 60 students. This study method using a questionnaire style of learning as much as 12 statements and test results to learn as much as 20 grains of questions to each sample by taking a score dominant learning style statement and an average score of each class learning outcomes. The results show that the class X.1 learning styles, there are 6 groups consisting of auditory, visual, kinesthetic, auditory-visual, kinesthetic and visual-auditory-visual-kinesthetic with each gain medium category of learning outcomes. This indicates that the dominant group of students with three styles. X.2 there are 4 visual and auditory learning style categories were, kinesthetic and A-V-K with the high category. While in class learning styles X.3 are auditory, kinesthetic with high category and auditory-visual learning style with the medium category.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz dalam Model Pembelajaran Langsung (Direct Instruction) terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIPA 1 SMAN 11 Takalar Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 (Materi Pokok Laju Reaksi)
Authors: Syahriani Syahriani , Anwar Muhammad , Majid Muhammad Fudhail 
Published: February 2024

This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe the effectiveness of the Quizizz application on the direct instruction model to improve student learning outcomes in class XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 11 Takalar on the subject matter of reaction rate. The Subject of this research is class XI MIPA 1 which consists of 20 students. The data obtained using the instrument of student learning outcomes. The results of the descriptive analysis obtained the average value before treatment was 23 and after treatment was 80,9. And the average value of N-Gain is 0,76 in the high category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Quizizz application in the direct instruction model is in the high category for improving student learning outcomes in class XI MIPA 1 SMAN 11 Takalar on the subject of reaction rates.
Keywords: Quizizz application, direct instruction, learning outcomes, reaction rate.
Analisis Miskonsepsi Siswa Kelas X.1 dan X.7 SMA Negeri 11 Makassar pada Konsep Larutan Elektrolit dan Reaksi Reduksi-Oksidasi dengan Menggunakan Three Tier Test
Authors: Yusuf Nuraini , Jusniar Jusniar , Yunus Muh. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar persentase siswa kelas X.1 dan X.7 yang mengalami miskonsepsi pada konsep larutan elektrolit dan reaksi reduksi-oksidasi di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar dan mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya miskonsepsi tersebut. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini melalui tes diagnostic yaitu Three Tier Test dan didukung oleh data hasil observasi, dan wawancara klinikal. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar tahun pelajaran 2015/2016 yang telah mempelajari konsep larutan elektrolit dan reaksi reduksi-oksidasi yang terdiri atas dua kelas yaitu kelas X.1 dan X.7 sebanyak 65 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa persentase siswa kelas X.1 dan X.7 di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar yang mengalami miskonsepsi pada konsep larutan elektrolit dan Reaksi Reduksi-Oksidasi adalah 35,7%. Sebanyak 4,5% siswa mengalami false positive dan 31,2% mengalami false negative. Adapun faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya miskonsepsi pada siswa antara lain kurangnya konsentrasi siswa di kelas, penekanan guru yang kurang dalam menyampaikan materi, dan sumber belajar yang tidak tetap.

ABSTRACT
This research is a descriptive analysis research that aims to determine the percentage of X.1 and X.7 class students who have misconceptions on electrolyte solution and reduction-oxidation reaction concept in SMA Negeri 11 Makassar and describe the factors that cause these misconceptions. The data of research was obtained by diagnostic tests which is Three Tier Test and supported by observation data and clinical interviews. Subjects in this research were students of class X.1 and X.7 SMA Negeri 11 Makassar in the academic year 2015/2016 who has been studying electrolyte solution and reduction-oxidation reaction concepts as many as 65 people. Based on the research that has been done can be concluded that the percentage of students in the class X.1 and X.7 SMA Negeri 11 Makassar who have misconceptions on electrolyte solution and reduction-oxidation reaction concept was 35.7%. A total of 4.5% students experienced false positive and experienced 31.2% false negative. The factors that lead to misconceptions in students are lack of students concentration in the class, the teacher is less emphasis in presenting the material, and learning resources that are not fixed.
Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik: Suatu Intervensi Model Discovery Learning Pada Materi Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit
Authors: Muthmainna Nurul , Sudding Sudding , Allo Eda Lolo 
Published: February 2024

Model discovery learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang meningkatkan keaktifan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga motivasi belajar peserta didik juga akan meningkat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik pada materi pokok larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit. Desain penelitian adalah Posttest Only Control Group Design. Populasinya peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Makassar dan terpilih kelas X MIPA 7 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X MIPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol melalui random sampling. Data diperoleh dengan pemberian angket motivasi belajar dimana data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis statistik deskriptif motivasi belajar menunjukkan hasil yang lebih tinggi pada kelas eksperimen. Hasil analisis statistik inferensial untuk motivasi belajar menggunakan uji parametric uji-t yang menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis penelitian diterima, artinya model discovery learning berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik. Disimpulkan bahwa model discovery learning berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Makassar Pada Materi Pokok Larutan Elektrolit Dan Non Elektrolit.

ABSTRACT
Discovery learning model is the learning model that will increase the activity all of the students in the learning process so the learning motivation of the students will also increase. This research is a quasi-experimental research that aims to determine the effect of the discovery learning model on the motivation of the students as subject matter of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions. The research design used is Posttest Only Control Group Design. The population is all of the students of class X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Makassar. Sampling was done by random sampling, where class X MIPA 7 was the experimental class and class X MIPA 4 was the control class. The data were obtained by giving a learning motivation questionnaire of the students in the experimental class and the control class. The results of descriptive analysis of the learning motivation of the students in the experimental class is higher. Inferential statistical analysis results for the learning motivation data using a parametric test namely the t-test and the hypothesis research is accepted. That is meaning the discovery learning model has an effect on the students learning motivation. It can be concluded that the discovery learning model has an effect on the motivation of the students in class X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Makassar On the Material of Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solutions.
Analisis Penguasaan Konsep Siswa yang Diajar dengan Metode Inkuiri Terbimbing pada pada Materi Pokok Ikatan Kimia
Authors: Nurmaulita Nurmaulita , Anwar Muhammad , Ramdani Ramdani 
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat penguasaan konsep kimia siswa pada materi pokok ikatan kimia yang diajar dengan metode inkuiri terbimbing. Tingkat penguasaan konsep siswa kategori paham konsep, miskonsepsi, dan tidak paham konsep diukur dalam bentuk persentase. Objek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X semester 1 SMA Negeri 8 Makassar tahun ajaran 2013/2014 sebanyak sembilan kelas dengan jumlah 304 orang siswa. Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak dan random sebanyak 36 orang siswa. Metode penelitian meliputi pengajaran dengan metode inkuiri terbimbing yang dievaluasi dengan instrumen test berupa pilihan ganda beralasan sebanyak 20 soal yang sudah divalidasi selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tingkat penguasaan konsep siswa yang diajar dengan metode inkuiri terbimbing pada materi pokok ikatan kimia yaitu kategori paham konsep, miskonsepsi, dan tidak paham konsep yaitu berturut-turut 48,33%, 13,05% dan 38,61%, yang menunjukkan bahwa metode inkuiri terbimbing cukup efektif membantu siswa memahami konsep-konsep materi ikatan kimia.

ABSTRACT
This descriptive research aims to determine the concept achievement level of students in the subject matter chemical bond with the inquiry learning method. The level of concept achievements of students is categorized into three levels, namely to understand the concepts, misconceptions, and do not understand the concept in the form of a percentage. The object is all the students of class X1 SMA Negeri 8 Makassar academic year 2013/2014 a total of nine classes with a number of 304 students. The sample is taken by random sampling or random grade class. Research methods include the inquiry learning method is evaluated with the instrument in the form of a multiple-choice test of 20 questions reasoned that has been further validated the data obtained were descriptive statistic analyzed. The result showed that the level of concept achievement of students in the subject matter of chemical bonds in the category of understanding concepts, misconceptions, and do not understand the concept successive 48,33%, 13,05%, and 38,61% showed that the inquiry method was effective to contribute to students understanding the concepts chemical bonding subject matter.
Pengaruh Media Animasi pada Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD terhadap Representasi Level Mikroskopik Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 9 Makassar ( Studi pada Materi Pokok Ikatan Kimia )
Authors: Indrawati Rika , Ramlawati Ramlawati , Jusniar Jusniar 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh media animasi pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD terhadap representasi level mikroskopik siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 9 Makassar tahun pelajaran 2014/2015 pada materi pokok ikatan kimia. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 9 Makassar yang terdiri dari 4 kelas dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 132. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Kelas yang terpilih sebagai sampel adalah kelas X.MIA 3 dengan jumlah 34 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X.MIA 4 dengan jumlah 33 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen diajar dengan menggunakan media animasi pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD sedangkan kelas kontrol diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan memberikan tes representasi level mikroskopik pada materi pokok ikatan kimia berupa pretest dan posttest. Hasil analisis statistik inferensial dengan uji prasyarat menunjukkan bahwa data terdistribusi normal dan berasal dari varian yang homogen. Pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan α = 0,05 diperoleh thitung = 1,90 > ttabel = 1,670. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media animasi pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD berpengaruh terhadap representasi level mikrokopik siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 9 Makassar pada materi pokok ikatan kimia.

ABSTRACT
This research is quasi-experimental research whose purpose is to know the effects of animation in cooperative learning model type STAD on representation level microscopic of students class X MIA of SMA Negeri 9 Makassar, academic year 2014/2015, in chemical bounds subject matter. Research design used in this research is pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this research is all of students class X MIA of SMA Negeri 9 Makassar which are consist of 4 classes. Sample is randomly taking. The class that is choosen to be research sample is students of class X MIA 3 with 34 students as experimental class and class X MIA 4 with 33 students as control class. The experimental class is taught by animation in cooperative learning model type STAD, whereas the control class is taught by cooperative learning model type STAD. Data is collected by giving representation level microscopic test in chemical bounds subject matter in the pretest and posttest. This statistics test shows that data is normal and homogenous. The hypothesis test with α = 0,05 given t-test thitung = 1,90 > ttabel = 1,670. So it can be concluded that animation in cooperative learning model type STAD give an effect for the representation level microscopic of students class X of SMA Negeri 9 Makassar in chemical bonding subject matter.
PENGARUH SIMULASI PHYSICS EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY DALAM MODEL GUIDED INQUIRY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI MIPA SMAN 8 MAKASSAR
Authors: Kurniaty Yommy , Sudding Sudding , Side Sumiati 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh simulasi Physics Education Technology dalam model guided inquiry terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMAN 8 Makassar pada materi pokok asam basa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMAN 8 Makassar yang terdiri dari 6 kelas. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu simple random sampling sehingga sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIPA6 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA5 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah peserta didik berturut-turut 33 orang dan 32 orang. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah simulasi Physics Education Technology dalam model guided inquiry dan variabel terikatnya yaitu hasil belajar. Data hasil belajar yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan nilai N-Gain peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol berturut-turut yaitu 0,616 dan 0,540. Hasil analisis inferensial menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh Zhitung = 2,21 dan pada taraf signifikan (α) = 0.05 diperoleh Ztabel = 1.64. Oleh karena itu, Zhitung > Ztabel, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan simulasi Physics Education Technology dalam model guided inquiry terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMAN 8 Makassar pada materi pokok asam basa.

ABSTRACT
This study was a Quasi experimental research which aimed to find out the effect of Physics Education Technology simulation on guided inquiry model towards to Students’ Achievement of XI MIPA of SMAN 8 Makassar on acid and base subject matter. The research design that used was a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this study was all XI grade students of SMAN 8 Makassar that spread into six classes. A simple random technique was used and was obtained XI MIPA6 as experimental class and XI MIPA5 as control class with number of students was 33 and 32 people respectively. The independent variable of this study is Physics Education Technology simulation on guided inquiry model and the dependent variable is students’ achievement. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive analysis showed that the average of the N-gain of experimental and control class was 0,616 and 0,540 respectively. The inferential analysis by using Mann-Whitney test was obtained Zcount = 2,21 and on significant degree (α) = 0,05, was obtained Ztable = 1,64. Therefore, Zcount > Ztable, so H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. It showed that there was a significant effect of Physics Education Technology simulation on guided inquiry model towards to XI grade students’ achievement of SMAN 8 Makassar on acid and base subject matter.