bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique Technique for Successful Stuck Test Plug Removal
Authors: Tkach S. A. , Callihoo B. , Soliman I. M. , Ali H. M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A common problem in wells, both old and new, is the occurrence of mechanical plugs becoming stuck in the tubing hanger profile. Mechanical plugs are typically set in the tubing hanger profile to provide a pressure barrier to test the production tree or to prevent the flow of hydrocarbons from the tubing string to the atmosphere if the production tree is damaged or removed. There are many different types of mechanical plugs that can be used depending on the wellhead system configuration and planned well operations. Some of the common types of plugs used in the industry include, back pressure valves (BPV), non-return valves (NRV), two-way check valves (TWCV), and drop in plugs or DRN plugs. When these plugs become stuck in the tubing hanger the surface access into the production tubing is lost resulting in loss of production, complicated fishing operations, or loss of the entire wellbore if the obstruction cannot be removed. This paper highlights a recent case in which a drop-in style test plug became stuck in the tubing hanger profile of an onshore exploration well in the Middle East Region. The subject well had several failed retrieval attempts with slickline and coiled tubing, which led to the development of unique and innovative equipment and techniques to eventually recover the plug. These specialized retrieval tools and procedures provided an economical and efficient method to successfully remove the stuck plug from the well, ultimately eliminating the need to redrill a new well for the same reservoir targets. These tools and techniques were developed to remove stuck plugs and other obstructions without the use of a workover rig or snubbing unit, making this remediation process cost effective, reliable, and quick to deploy.
Analysis of the Ballooning Effect: No Loss, Only Gain
Authors: Varela Rodrigo , Julaidan Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to share the lessons learned from a ballooning effect that occurred in a carbonate formation in the Middle East. Typically, ballooning is recognized as a gain/loss situation, but in this instance, the loss of mud was undetected, and a slight flow was observed and after that the well was shut-in. As the well was misinterpreted as a flowing well, the remedial operations took 15 days.
The mud returns on the surface were only 0.3 barrels (bbls), and the well was immediately shut-in. The shut-in drill pipe and casing pressure increased simultaneously at the same rate. The kill mud weight was 80 pounds per square foot (pcf), and the circulation was performed using the wait and weight method. At the end of the circulation, the mud weight both in and out remained at 80 pcf, and no traces of oil and gas were observed during the killing operation. The well was circulated a total of 5 times, with a final mud weight of 109 pcf. Throughout the entire killing process, the same shut-in pressure behavior was observed. When the well was opened, slight returns were confirmed for a period of 5 hours. An ultrasonic bond log was taken to the 7" liner to rule out a possible communication with a formation with higher pore pressure than the 68 pcf mud weight, the ultrasonic cement bond log gave poor results due to eccentricity because of tough logging conditions (TLC) conveyance method where the tool lays down on the low side of the wellbore. To address the potential isolation problem, a balanced cement plug was squeezed, however the cement was not injected, fluid volume pumped and returned was the same. Finally, an inflow test was performed at different equivalent mud weights (EMW), confirming that a mud weight of 68 pcf is sufficient to effectively control the well. After determining the safe mud weight, the 6 1/8" section of the well was drilled to section total depth without any influx.
Digitalization In Marine Logistics Using Real-Time Data and Vessel Metrics to Improve Operations Across the Supply Chain
Authors: Miller Matthew R. 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Optimizing logistics and support for offshore operations, whilst considering the drive towards zero carbon emissions, zero-incident safety, and increasing customer demands, is a significant challenge. To address these challenges, all supply chains need to collaborate using data to optimize and prioritize needs and build resiliency. In this presentation, we are highlighting the collaboration between a Vessel Owner and and leading NOC to improve fleet operations and deliver more efficient and effective support for production operations. The Vessel Owner operates a large fleet of offshore support vessels in the Gulf region. For these operations, they have three main objectives: 1) maximize compliance with client requirements which recently included access to real-time operational data, 2) maximize operational excellence including fleet availability and cost, and 3) be fully in control of our fuel consumption and emissions in all phases of operations. Grappling with the agile nature of their client requirements evolving over time and their fleet not being uniformed nor standardized, it was necessary for them to find ways to make the management and reporting of their operations uniform, scalable, and agile across the entire fleet and engage all internal and external stakeholders in the digital transformation process.
Genomic Insights into Mollusc terrestrialization: Parallel and Convergent Gene Family Expansions as Key Facilitators in out-of-the-sea transitions
Authors: Aristide Leandro , Fernández Rosa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Animals abandoned their marine niche and successfully adapted to life on land multiple times throughout evolution, providing a rare opportunity to study the mechanisms driving large scale macroevolutionary convergence. However, the genomic factors underlying this process remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate the macroevolutionary dynamics of gene repertoire evolution during repeated transitions out of the sea in molluscs, a lineage that has transitioned to freshwater and terrestrial environments multiple independent times. Through phylogenomics and phylogenetic comparative methods, we examine approximately 100 genomic datasets encompassing all major molluscan lineages. We introduce a conceptual framework for identifying and analyzing parallel and convergent evolution at the orthogroup level (groups of genes derived from a single ancestral gene in the species in question), and explore the extent of these mechanisms. Despite deep temporal divergences, we found that parallel expansions of ancient gene families played a major role in facilitating adaptation to non-marine habitats, highlighting the relevance of the pre-existing genomic toolkit in facilitating adaptation to new environments. The expanded functions primarily involve metabolic, osmoregulatory, and defense-related systems. We further found functionally convergent lineage-exclusive gene gains, while family contractions appear to be driven by neutral processes. Also, genomic innovations likely contributed to fuel independent habitat transitions. Overall, our study reveals that various mechanisms of gene repertoire evolution -parallelism, convergence and innovation- can simultaneously contribute to major evolutionary transitions. Our results provide a genome-wide gene repertoire atlas of molluscan terrestrialization that pave the way towards further understanding the functional and evolutionary bases of this process.
Lightweight-aware mixed MobileNetv2-YOLOv4 model for helmet detection on construction sites
Authors: Song Benyang , Wang Jiajun , Wang Xiaoling , Zeng Tuocheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Helmet detection based on video monitoring often encounters challenges such as large memory requirements, high complexity of models and difficulty in applying on ubiquitous terminals on construction sites. To address the above problems, a lightweight-aware safety helmet detection method for multi-platforms based on mixed MobileNetv2-YOLOv4 is proposed. First, a lightweight MobileNetv2 backbone is introduced to reduce the number of parameters. Then, a simple model pipeline is achieved by combining the lightweight backbone and widely used YOLOv4 detection head with Feature Pyramid Network (FPN). Also, modifications are made to both the backbone and detection head for a better trade-off between lightweight and performance (speed and accuracy). The whole model is coded under the Darknet framework in the C language and is successfully deployed on a mobile device. Finally, massive experiments and a case study in the real condition are performed to validate the feasibility of the model. The model is lightweight with only 10.4 MB and 3.39 BFLOPs while reaching comparable performance against other detection methods. The model reaches a mAP of 73.1% on the PASCAL VOC 2007 + 2012 dataset and 89.3% on the GDUT-HWD dataset, outperforming YOLOv4, YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN in speed and model size. The results show that the model has the universality to be implemented in various scenes and the flexibility to be deployed on various devices including workstations, normal PCs and mobile devices. And the safety management level on construction sites is also improved through the successful deployment.
A Pioneering Investigation of a Novel in-situ Dynamic Characterization of the Stress-Strain Mechanism on Human Plantar Soft Tissue
Authors: Huang Ran , Wu Longyan , Tang Lisheng , Ning Xinyi , Geng Xiang , Chen Li , He Xiaoyan , Jin Yuanyuan , Zhu Jun , Ma Xin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We have conducted the first in-situ and in-vivo dynamic mechanical test on human plantar soft tissue. A dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)-like device has been invented to perform the in-situ and in-vivo stress-strain tests on living plantar in order to characterize the material mechanism of biological soft tissue, whereas it is nearly impossible to prepare a sample from a living body for classical tests. A series of pioneering tests of tensile/compression on the heel of ten volunteers are reported, with the reference of tests on mimic foot model made by silicon rubber, standard silicon rubber brick sample, and finite elementary analysis. In addition to demonstrating the effectiveness of the device and approach, interesting correlations between the results and clinic data were found, suggesting considerable potential for the invention in future research.
Wavelet Extracted Features in the Condition Monitoring of HV Ceramic Insulators
Authors: Haiba Ahmed S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The components of high voltage transmission lines such as towers, insulators, wires, and accessories are continuously subjected to severe environmental conditions. As a result, it is necessary to monitor their health condition to prevent any sudden interruption in the supplied load and to allocate the maintenance investments where they are highly needed. Defective discs of ceramic insulators essentially contain partial discharge (PD) activities; i.e., the presence of PD activities may characterize the insulator’s poor condition. The detection of radio frequency (RF) waves emitted from the PD activities is an emerging technique to monitor the insulator’s condition during its operation. In this paper, various artificial defects are introduced to the insulator discs and the corresponding RF signatures are captured using a high frequency sensor under the normal operating voltage. Several features are extracted from the captured signals after their decomposition using the discrete wavelet transform. The analysis of variance test has been adopted to evaluate the significance of each feature and level in identifying the defect type. This step facilitates the training of an intelligent classifier that will automatically distinguish the insulator strings that has to be replaced along the line.
Haplotype analysis in Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Special Monogenic Diseases Cases based on Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: He Shujing , Zhang Zhiqiang , Xu Linan , Fang Cong , Ding Taoli , Yang Ji , Ren Jun , Zou Yangyun , Liu Yue , Jiao Shujing , Ren Zi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Most monogenic diseases resulting from pathogenic variants lack effective treatments. Genetic counseling and preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/ single-gene diseases (PGT-M) are significant and effective methods to block the inheritance of pathogenic variants. However, conventional PGT-M, based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), has limitations to analyze haplotype linkage when dealing with special pathogenic variants, particularly under conditions of de novo variant or incomplete pedigree information.
Methods
We recruited four couples who underwent PGT-M cycles in our center. They are patients or carriers of alpha-thalassemia, beta-thalassemia, polycystic kidney disease-1, and spinocerebellar ataxia-1, respectively, with different variants (missense variants, insertions and deletions (InDels), large fragment deletions, and short tandem repeats (STRs)). And most of them have no complete pedigree information. According to NGS method, affected single-sperm or embryo was used as proband. Because of its long-read length, nanopore sequencing was performed in PGT-M for haplotype analysis only using the couples’ blood sample. And it was compared with NGS method.
Results
We directly constructed haplotypes from the flanking single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked with the pathogenic variants. The results of haplotype linkage analysis according to nanopore sequencing were consistent with that using NGS method. And embryos transferred were confirmed unaffected by prenatal diagnosis.
Conclusion
In this work, we developed a promising PGT-M method in haplotype linkage analysis based on nanopore sequencing, which is applicable for various kinds of target variants without the requirements for probands or additional family members. It overcoming the limitations of NGS method.
Efficient selective attention LSTM for well log curve synthesis
Authors: Zhou Yuankai , Li Huanyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent years, non-core drilling has gradually become the primary exploration method in geological exploration engineering, and well logging curves have increasingly gained importance as the main carriers of geological information. However, factors such as geological environment, logging equipment, borehole quality, and unexpected events can all impact the quality of well logging curves. Previous methods of re-logging or manual corrections have been associated with high costs and low efficiency. This paper proposes a machine learning method that utilizes existing data to predict missing data, and its effectiveness and feasibility have been validated through experiments. The proposed method builds on the traditional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network by incorporating a self-attention mechanism to analyze the sequential dependencies of the data. It selects the dominant computational results in the LSTM, reducing the computational complexity from O\(({n}^{2}\)) to\(O\left(nlogn\right)\) and improving model efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy compared to traditional curve synthesis methods based on Fully Connected Neural Networks (FCNN) and vanilla LSTM. This accurate, efficient, and cost-effective prediction method holds practical value in engineering applications.
Rates of Achieving Meaningful Outcomes After Undergoing Minimally-Invasive Far Lateral Tubular Decompression
Authors: Barghi Ameen , Gowd Anirudh , Beck Edward , Miller Evan , Knio Ziyad , Jamison Matthew , O'Gara Tadhg 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate rates of achieving meaningful outcomes among patients undergoing far lateral tubular decompression (FLTD) for neuroforaminal stenosis. Traditional midline approaches are ineffective in treating isolated neuroforaminal stenosis. Direct decompression via a far lateral approach offers a minimally invasive, facet-sparing surgery with minimal surgical dissection.
Methods: Patients who underwent FLTD between January 2014 and January 2019 for isolated foraminal stenosis were included. The study collected patient demographics, perioperative data, and pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The study calculated thresholds for achieving minimal clinically important difference (MCID) on each PRO and performed logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of achieving meaningful clinical outcomes and clinical failure.
Results: 64 patients were included with a 2-year follow-up. The analysis showed improvement in each PRO over the 2-year period (p < 0.001 for all). 90.2% of patients achieved MCID for at least one PRO, with the VAS leg pain having the highest achievement rate at 79.7%. During the follow-up period, 17.2% required additional surgery. Increased severity of preoperative symptoms was associated with a greater likelihood of achieving MCID in all three PROs (p < 0.05, each). The presence of spondylolisthesis was associated with decreased odds of achieving MCID by ODI (p = 0.04). Increased operative time was associated with increased odds of achieving MCID by ODI (p = 0.03). No variables were associated with revision surgery.
Conclusions: FLTD is an effective treatment option for direct decompression of foraminal and extra foraminal stenosis in well-indicated patients. Most patients achieved MCID two years from surgery, with more severe symptoms having a greater likelihood of improvement, particularly with radicular pain. Further research should be performed on patients with spondylolisthesis to prescribe treatment resulting in maximal benefit.
Level of Evidence: 4
Continuous Non-invasive Blood Pressure Measurement Using VitalstreamTM is Comparable to Invasive Intraarterial Pressure in Children Undergoing Major Surgery
Authors: Boretsky Karen , Nasr Vivian , Atkinson Douglas , Baruch Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Accurate blood pressure monitoring is essential in many clinical scenarios for adults and children. A novel continuous non-invasive arterial pressure monitoring device using a pulse contour algorithm (pulse decomposition analysis), Vitalstream™, was recently cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration for use in patients 18 years of age and older. Recently published ISO 81060–3:2022 standards for continuous automated blood pressure measurement were used to determine the accuracy (bias) and precision (repeatability) of the device in children ages 2–17 undergoing major surgeries compared to intraarterial blood pressure monitoring. Accuracy and precision are defined as acceptable if bias is within 6 mmHg and standard deviation within 10 mmHg.
Methods
A sample of 31 children ages 2–17 years scheduled for major surgery requiring invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring were consented to participate. Each patient was monitored with a radial arterial catheter and a Vitalstream™ monitor. Hemodynamic measures obtained from both systems during at least thirty minutes of simultaneous monitoring during the surgical procedure were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients as well as Bland-Altman and 4Q plot trend analyses.
Results
The correlations of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were, respectively, 0.77 and 0.68. The Bland-Altman comparisons yielded bias (standard deviation) of 3.79 (9.74) mmHg and − 1.72 (8.45) mmHg for, respectively, systolic, and diastolic arterial pressures, (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Concordances for systole and diastole were, respectively, 0.82 and 0.85.
Conclusions
In this study, continuous, beat by beat blood pressure measured using the non-invasive Vitalstream™ device correlated well with invasive arterial catheter measurements in the children. Most patients exhibited good agreement between methods, and the results were within established ISO limits for the validation of continuous automatic arterial pressure monitoring. The Vitalstream™ may offer low risk, accurate blood pressure monitoring in children ages 2–17.
The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04817137)
Assessing the Clinical and Economic Benefits of Implementing Point-of-care C-Reactive Protein Test to Manage Respiratory Tract Infections: Insights From Clinician Interviews in Four European Countries
Authors: Lani Enyal , Wilson Matthew , Sudhir Krishnan Puri , Meiwald Anne , Turner Katy M.E , Hamlyn-Williams Charlotte , Adams Elisabeth J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical challenge for public health, driven by the overuse of antibiotics. Testing for C-reactive protein (CRP) using point-of-care (POC) tests is recommended in many European guidelines, but the uptake and availability of POC CRP tests vary widely. This study aims to describe patient pathways for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care across four European countries: Norway and the Netherlands, where POC CRP testing is used in routine care, and England and Italy, where such testing is not used; and to evaluate the potential impact of introducing POC CRP testing in the latter.
Methods
Interviews were conducted with eight general practitioners (GPs) across four countries. The GPs in Norway and the Netherlands used POC CRP tests, the GPs in England and Italy did not. Current care pathways were mapped for all eight clinics, and hypothetical POC CRP pathways were mapped for clinics in England and Italy. Cost and resource-use data were collated from clinician interviews and published evidence to estimate total resources and costs per pathway. Antibiotic prescriptions, hospital referrals, and pathway costs were compared between current and hypothetical pathways (England and Italy).
Results
In Norway and the Netherlands, estimated antibiotic prescriptions per 100 patients were 0.3–21.6, hospital referrals per 100 patients were 0.0–1.6, and mean costs per patient were €15.64 - €52.07. In England and Italy, antibiotic prescriptions per 100 patients were 22.0–68.4, hospital referrals per 100 patients were 0.6–11.6, and mean pathway costs per patient were £23.01 - £49.63 (England) and €24.28 - €50.82 (Italy). In hypothetical POC CRP testing pathways, potential reductions in healthcare utilisation were estimated (antibiotic prescriptions 28%, hospital referrals 35%, and pathway costs 24%).
Conclusions
Implementation of POC CRP testing for patients with RTI in primary care could help reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, hospital referrals and total pathway costs.