bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quota use in mixed‐stock fisheries
Authors: Karp William A. , Melnychuk Michael C. , Forrest Robyn E. , Little Lorne Richard , McQuaw Kristin , Demarest Chad , Hilborn Ray , Baker Nicole , Mose Brian , Turris Bruce , Lado Ernesto Penas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough most fisheries assessment and management focuses on the status of individual stocks, and regulations are commonly established as single‐species total allowable catch limits (TACs), much of the catch from global fisheries comes from mixed‐stock fisheries where species cannot be harvested separately. We show that in some fisheries where TAC and catch of demersal fish stocks are tracked, the average fraction of TAC harvested ranges from 21% to 68% overall and is declining. This is, in part, related to efforts to protect all species from overfishing, leading to ‘choke species’, which limit fishing pressure on other target species. While some choke species arise from a mix of low and high‐productivity species, others result from allocation processes, which can be aggravated by shifting distributions due to climate change. Underutilization of TACs can also result from market limitations, low value of individual species, undercapacity or management measures. Proposed methods for increasing long‐term yield require species to be managed in stock groups, or allowing the abundance of some stocks to fall below target reference points. We suggest that the observed low and declining aggregate harvests are due, primarily, to the focus on single‐stock sustainability measures, rather than performance of the fisheries in relation to potential overall yield. While there is a growing consensus that single‐species management should be replaced by an ecosystem‐based approach, this will require clear legislative directives regarding management of the trade‐offs involved. Time series considered in this analysis do not extend beyond 2019.
The polygenic and reactive nature of observed parenting
Authors: Runze Jana , Bakermans‐Kranenburg Marian J. , Cecil Charlotte A. M. , van IJzendoorn Marinus H. , Pappa Irene 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn Wertz et al. (2019), parents' polygenic scores of educational attainment (PGS‐EA) predicted parental sensitive responses to the child's needs for support, as observed in a dyadic task (i.e., observed sensitivity). We aimed to replicate and expand these findings by combining longitudinal data, child genotype data and several polygenic scores in the Generation R Study. Mother–child dyads participated in two developmental periods, toddlerhood (14 months old; n = 648) and early childhood (3–4 years old, n = 613). Higher maternal PGS‐EA scores predicted higher observed sensitivity in toddlerhood (b = 0.12, 95% CI 0.03, 0.20) and early childhood (b = 0.16, 95% CI 0.08, 0.24). Child PGS‐EA was significantly associated with maternal sensitivity in early childhood (b = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02, 0.21), and the effect of maternal PGS‐EA was no longer significant when correcting for child PGS‐EA. A latent factor of PGSs based on educational attainment, intelligence (IQ) and income showed similar results. These polygenic scores might be associated with maternal cognitive and behavioral skills that help shape parenting. Maternal PGSs predicted observed sensitivity over and above the maternal phenotypes, showing an additional role for PGSs in parenting research. In conclusion, we replicated the central finding of Wertz et al. (2019) that parental PGS‐EA partially explains parental sensitivity. Our findings may be consistent with evocative gene–environment correlation (rGE), emphasizing the dynamic nature of parenting behavior across time, although further research using family trios is needed to adequately test this hypothesis.
Flexible ureteroscopy with novel flexible ureteral access sheath versus mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treatment of 2–3 cm renal stones
Authors: Chen Yujun , Xi Haibo , Yu Yue , Cheng Xiaofeng , Yang Heng , Deng Wen , Liu Wei , Wang Gongxian , Zhou Xiaochen 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesTo assess and compare the effectiveness and safety of flexible ureteroscopy (f‐URS) with a novel flexible ureteral access sheath (f‐UAS) versus mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (mini‐PCNL) in treating 2–3 cm renal stones.MethodsRetrospectively analyzed consecutive cases that underwent f‐URS with f‐UAS (12/14 Fr) from January 29, 2022, to November 30, 2022. Consecutive cases that underwent mini‐PCNL (18 Fr) from June 5, 2021, to January 26, 2022, were selected as controls. The f‐UAS is a novel device with a 10 cm anterior tip that passively bends along with the f‐URS to enter the renal calyx. We analyzed demographic characteristics, stone parameters, operative time, stone‐free rates (SFR), hospitalization time, and complication.ResultsA total of 96 consecutive cases that underwent f‐URS with f‐UAS and 96 consecutive cases that underwent mini‐PCNL were included in the study. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operative time (p = 0.06), stone volume clearance (p = 0.533) and complete SFR (p = 0.266) on the first postoperative day or residual Stone after 1 month (p = 0.407). We observed a significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay (1.4 days vs. 2.1 days; p < 0.001) and a lower decrease in hemoglobin levels (0.39 g/dL vs. 0.68 g/dL; p < 0.001) in the f‐UAS group. The mini‐PCNL group had a significantly higher overall complication rate (13.5%) compared with the f‐UAS group (5.2%; p = 0.048).ConclusionsIn the treatment of 2–3 cm renal stones, f‐URS with a novel f‐UAS may provide a superior alternative to mini‐PCNL, potentially challenging its established status.
Capital inflows to emerging countries and their sensitivity to the global financial cycle
Authors: Buono Ines , Corneli Flavia , Stefano Enrica Di 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe studied how the effect of global and domestic factors on capital flows towards emerging market economies has changed in the last 25 years. We find that both the global financial crisis and the so‐called “taper tantrum” (TT) event, defined as the point in time when investors perceived the end of the US Federal Reserve's unconventional monetary policy, triggered changes in the sensitivity of capital inflows to their main drivers. In particular, we provide evidence that international investors devoted growing attention to global factors. Moreover, we show that the TT marked the beginning of a new phase, characterized by increased sensitivity to both global conditions and government borrowing by recipient countries.
A systematic review of interventions to reduce mechanical restraint in adult mental health inpatient settings
Authors: Pedersen Martin Locht , Gildberg Frederik Alkier , Baker John , Tingleff Ellen Boldrup 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMechanical restraint is a commonly used restrictive practice worldwide, although reducing its use is an international priority. Interventions to reduce mechanical restraint are needed if reducing mechanical restraint is to succeed. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to examine evaluated evidence‐based interventions that seek to reduce the incidence of and/or time in mechanical restraint in adult mental health inpatient settings. The JBI framework was used to guide this systematic review. The search strategy included peer‐reviewed primary research literature published between 1999 and 2023. Two authors independently conducted the systematic search, selection process and data extraction process. Forty‐one studies were included in this review. Using content analysis, we grouped interventions into four categories: (I) calm‐down methods, (II) staff resources, (III) legal and policy changes and (IV) changing staff culture. Interventions to reduce mechanical restraint in adult mental health inpatient settings have shown some promise. Evidence suggests that a range of interventions can reduce the incidence of and/or time in mechanical restraint. However, controlled trials were lacking and consensus was lacking across studies. Furthermore, specific findings varied widely, and reporting was inconsistent, hampering the development of interventions for this issue. Further research is needed to strengthen the evidence base for reducing mechanical restraint in mental health inpatient settings.
The distinct effects of information technologies and communication technologies on skill demand
Authors: Blanas Sotiris 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCovering the bulk of economic activity in ten developed countries over 1982–2005, this paper is the first to study the distinct effects of Information Technologies (IT) and Communication Technologies (CT) on labor, and in particular, the relative demand for different education groups of workers. Consistent with evidence on automation‐induced job and skill polarization, IT capital intensity decreased the demand for the middle‐educated relative to the highly and low‐educated. Instead, CT capital intensity increased the demand for the highly educated relative to the low‐educated, suggesting that CT facilitate the leverage of knowledge by the former group in production teams or the identification of new investment opportunities for their companies. Additional evidence, especially on the effects of CT, yields a richer set of insights.
Missions
Authors: Soko‐de Jong Thandi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the impact of colonization on Christian mission encounters and activities. It utilizes the decolonial epistemic framework to analyze the limitations of approaches that advocate “dialogue,” “revelation,” and “mutual growth.” The paper argues that focusing on these three approaches overlooks the asymmetrical power dynamics inherent in the history of Western Christian missions. Conversely, a focus on a deeper experience of the divine highlights the existing epistemic and spiritual knowledge of individuals and communities who have become “othered” within a colonial framework. The paper begins by defining the terms that describe the power dynamics of colonization. Following is a discussion of the impact of colonization on Christian missions. Next, the paper explores the limits of dialogue, revelation, and mutual growth, and finally, it argues the importance of focusing on a more profound experience of the divine.
Occurrence of tripletail Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch, 1790) in the inner Bristol Channel, UK
Authors: Ellis Jim R. , Rumney Paul , Cogan Stephanie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA specimen of tripletail Lobotes surinamensis (total length: 402 mm, total mass: 1262 g) was caught in the shallow waters of the inner Bristol Channel on September 2, 2019, with this only the second known capture of this species from the British Isles. Given the cosmopolitan distribution of this species, the potential origin of this specimen is uncertain.
Gorges partition diversity within New Zealand flathead Galaxias populations
Authors: Waters Jonathan M. , King Tania M. , Craw Dave 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the landscape factors governing population connectivity in riverine ecosystems represents an ongoing challenge for freshwater biologists. We used DNA sequence analysis to test the hypothesis that major geomorphological features underpin freshwater‐limited fish diversity in a tectonically dynamic region of New Zealand. Phylogeographic analysis of 101 Galaxias depressiceps cytochrome b sequences, incorporating 55 localities from southern New Zealand, revealed 26 haplotypes, with only one shared among rivers. We detect strong hierarchical genetic differentiation both among and within river systems. Genetic structuring is particularly pronounced across the Taieri River system (63 individuals from 35 sites, 18 haplotypes), with 92% of variation partitioned among locations. Distinctive within‐river genetic clusters are invariably associated with major subcatchment units, typically isolated by substantial gorges. The anomalous distribution of a single lineage across a major drainage divide is consistent with local, tectonically driven headwater capture. We conclude that major landscape features such as gorges can strongly partition riverine fish diversity and constrain freshwater biodiversity.
Potential of PAQosome as a therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Shi Liu , Feng Gong , Yang Xueliang , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yu , Cheng Jun , Lin Shumei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe condition of hepatic fibrosis is hazardous. Therefore, it is vital that we investigate the mechanism of hepatic fibrosis to provide new targets for treatment.MethodsPreliminary screening and research was carried out based on our prior results and our speculated role of the particle with quaternary structure arrangement (PAQosome) in hepatic fibrosis. The experiments were conducted using LX‐2 or HepG2 cell lines by western blotting, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, luciferase assays, and co‐immunoprecipitation and were further validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.ResultsWe screened and proved that several subunits of the PAQosome regulate the development of liver fibrosis, including the asparagine synthetase domain‐containing 1 upstream open reading frame (ASDURF), prefoldin subunit 4 (PFDN4), prefoldin subunit 5 (PFDN5), unconventional prefoldin RNA polymerase II subunit 5 interactor (URI1), and ubiquitously expressed prefoldin‐like chaperone (UXT). ASDURF promotes hepatic fibrosis through the transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGFβ1)/Sekelsky mothers against decapentaplegic homologue 3 (Smad3) and NF‐κB signaling pathways. ASDURF regulates the expression of asparagine synthetase domain‐containing 1 (ASNSD1). PFDN4, PFDN5, URI1, and UXT regulate cell proliferation through the PI3K/AKT pathway, and thus regulate liver fibrosis. A hepatic fibrosis score ≥ F2 was selected as the diagnostic criteria for hepatic fibrosis in the GSE96971 database. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of PFDN4, PFDN5, UXT, and ASNSD1 were 0.862 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.6588–1.000), 0.538 (CI: 0.224–0.853), 0.708 (CI: 0.449–0.966), and 0.831 (CI: 0.638–1.000), respectively.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that the PAQosome is a brand new target for hepatic fibrosis therapy.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Family Confusion Assessment Method for delirium detection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Chenxi , Wang Hui , Wang Lan , Zhou Yanrong , Wu Qiansheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundDelirium is frequently disproportionately under‐recognized despite its high prevalence, detrimental impact, and potential lethality. Informant‐based delirium detection tools can offer structured assessment and increase the timeliness and frequency of detection. We aimed to examine the diagnostic accuracy of the Family Confusion Assessment Method (FAM‐CAM) for delirium detection.MethodsWe systematically searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CNKI, WANFANG, and SinoMed databases from January 1988 to December 2022. Two reviewers independently screened studies and evaluated methodological quality using the revised quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS‐2) tool. A bivariate random effects model was undertaken, and univariable meta‐regression was carried out to explore heterogeneity.ResultsSeven studies with 483 dyads of participants and family caregivers were identified. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.86) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.95), respectively, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.91. The positive likelihood ratio was 8.27 (95% CI: 3.97, 17.25), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.50). Settings impacted specificity (p = 0.02).ConclusionsAvailable evidence indicates that FAM‐CAM exhibits moderate sensitivity and high specificity for delirium screening in adults. The FAM‐CAM is concise and easy to use, making it appropriate for routine clinical practice, which might benefit early delirium detection and potentially foster delirium management.PROSPERO Registration NumberCRD42022378742.
Childhood personality and academic performance: A sibling fixed‐effects study
Authors: Constantinou Andrea , von Soest Tilmann , Zachrisson Henrik Daae , Torvik Fartein Ask , Cheesman Rosa , Ystrom Eivind 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the associations between personality traits at age 8 and academic performance between ages 10 and 14, controlling for family confounds.BackgroundMany studies have shown links between children’s personality traits and their school performance. However, we lack evidence on whether these associations remain after genetic and environmental confounders are accounted for.MethodSibling data from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were used (n = 9701). First, we estimated the overall associations between Big Five personality traits and academic performance, including literacy, numeracy, and foreign language. Second, we added sibling fixed effects to remove unmeasured confounders shared by siblings as well as rating bias.ResultsOpenness to Experience (between‐person β = 0.22 [95% CI: 0.21–0.24]) and Conscientiousness (between‐person β = 0.18 [95% CI 0.16–0.20]) were most strongly related to educational performance. Agreeableness (between‐person β = 0.06 [95% CI −0.08–0.04]) and Extraversion (between‐person β = 0.02 [95% CI 0.00–0.04]) showed small associations with educational performance. Neuroticism had a moderate negative association (between‐person β = −0.14 [95% CI −0.15–0.11]). All associations between personality and performance were robust to confounding: the within‐family estimates from sibling fixed‐effects models overlapped with the between‐person effects. Finally, childhood personality was equally predictive of educational performance across ages and genders.ConclusionsAlthough family background is influential for academic achievement, it does not confound associations with personality. Childhood personality traits reflect unbiased and consistent individual differences in educational potential.
Comparative short‐term safety and efficacy of hypnotics: A quantitative risk–benefit analysis
Authors: Cheung Janet M. Y. , Scott Hannah , Muench Alexandria , Grunstein Ronald R. , Krystal Andrew D. , Riemann Dieter , Perlis Michael 
Published: November 2023

SummarySeveral professional societies have provided recommendations for prescribing medications for insomnia. None has provided an integrative analysis that concurrently quantifies safety and efficacy (e.g., risk–benefit ratios). This represents an important gap for informing clinician decision‐making. Accordingly, the aim of the present review is to provide such an analysis for five classes of sleep‐promoting medications. Adverse event data values were extracted from the most recent FDA‐approved package inserts and converted to an integer before being placebo‐adjusted and standardized as a rate per 1000 (AEr). Efficacy data, pre‐to‐post self‐reported data for active and placebo conditions were acquired from pivotal trials identified in “white papers” and systematic reviews/meta‐analyses. Weighted effect sizes were calculated for subjective sleep latency, wake time after sleep onset and total sleep time, and then were averaged by medication class for each sleep continuity variable. Overall efficacy was represented by a single variable, SWT (sleep latency + wake time after sleep onset + total sleep time). Risk–benefit was represented using a simple ratio value. For safety, it was found that melatonin receptor agonists had the lowest adverse event rate (AEr = 43.1), and non‐benzodiazepine benzodiazepine receptor agonists had the highest rate (AEr = 255.0). For efficacy, it was found that the pre‐to‐post placebo adjusted effect sizes were largest for benzodiazepines (effect size = 1.94) and smallest for melatonin receptor agonists (effect size = 0.109). For risk–benefit, histamine antagonist had the most favourable profile (risk–benefit = 69.5), while melatonin receptor agonist had the least favourable profile (risk–benefit = 395.7). Overall, the combined metric for risk–benefit suggests that treatment with a histamine antagonist is optimal and potentially represents the best first‐line therapy for the medical management of insomnia.
Effects of Form‐Focused Practice and Feedback: A Multisite Replication Study of Yang and Lyster (2010)
Authors: Mifka‐Profozic Nadia , Behney Jennifer , Gass Susan M. , Macis Marijana , Chiuchiù Gaia , Bovolenta Giulia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe conducted a multisite replication of Yang and Lyster's (2010) study investigating the effects of recasts and prompts on learning English regular and irregular past tense. Our study was conducted with intact high school and vocational school classes in Italy and Bosnia. Our participants were young adolescents (14–15 and 16–17 years old), a population that has been largely ignored in second language acquisition (SLA) research. We followed the design of the original study, but we also included a few modifications regarding the elicitation materials. The findings from our study did not fully align with Yang and Lyster's results. We found no effect of group and no evidence of the superiority of either prompts or recasts in either written or oral data in either Bosnia or Italy. However, we found a steady increase in scores over time from pretest to posttests in oral data in all groups at both sites.
Genomics‐informed conservation units reveal spatial variation in climate vulnerability in a migratory bird
Authors: Miller Caitlin V. , Bossu Christen M. , Saracco James F. , Toews David P. L. , Rushing Clark S. , Roberto‐Charron Amélie , Tremblay Junior A. , Chandler Richard B. , DeSaix Matthew G. , Fiss Cameron J. , Larkin Jeff L. , Haché Samuel , Nebel Silke , Ruegg Kristen C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdentifying genetic conservation units (CUs) in threatened species is critical for the preservation of adaptive capacity and evolutionary potential in the face of climate change. However, delineating CUs in highly mobile species remains a challenge due to high rates of gene flow and genetic signatures of isolation by distance. Even when CUs are delineated in highly mobile species, the CUs often lack key biological information about what populations have the most conservation need to guide management decisions. Here we implement a framework for CU identification in the Canada Warbler (Cardellina canadensis), a migratory bird species of conservation concern, and then integrate demographic modelling and genomic offset to guide conservation decisions. We find that patterns of whole genome genetic variation in this highly mobile species are primarily driven by putative adaptive variation. Identification of CUs across the breeding range revealed that Canada Warblers fall into two evolutionarily significant units (ESU), and three putative adaptive units (AUs) in the South, East, and Northwest. Quantification of genomic offset, a metric of genetic changes necessary to maintain current gene–environment relationships, revealed significant spatial variation in climate vulnerability, with the Northwestern AU being identified as the most vulnerable to future climate change. Alternatively, quantification of past population trends within each AU revealed the steepest population declines have occurred within the Eastern AU. Overall, we illustrate that genomics‐informed CUs provide a strong foundation for identifying current and future regional threats that can be used to inform management strategies for a highly mobile species in a rapidly changing world.