bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Pharmacological Interventions in Adult-Onset Still Disease and the Role of Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
Authors: Ruscitti Piero , McGonagle Dennis , Garcia Viviam Canon , Rabijns Hilde , Toennessen Katrin , Chappell Mary , Edwards Mary , Miller Paul , Hansell Neil , Moss Joe , Graziadio Sara , Feist Eugen 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological treatments for adult-onset Still disease (AOSD).MethodsSix databases, 2 trial registries, and conference abstracts were searched from January 2012 to February 2023 for studies of pharmacological interventions in people with AOSD. Outcomes were rates of remission and response, discontinuation of concurrent treatments, complications of AOSD, and treatment-related adverse events. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for case series.ResultsForty-four studies evaluated treatments, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids (CS), conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs). For bDMARDs, tocilizumab (TCZ), anakinra (ANK), and canakinumab (CNK) had the most available data. Although 3 randomized controlled trials did not show statistically significant benefits of bDMARDs, metaanalyses showed high rates of complete remission and CS discontinuation. Complete remission was 80% (95% CI 59-92%,I236%), 73% (95% CI 58-84%,I266%), and 77% (95% CI 29-97%,I282%) and CS discontinuation was 57% (95% CI 29-81%,I266%), 47% (95% CI 18-78%,I279%), and 34% (95% CI 6-81%,I259%), respectively, for TCZ, ANK, and CNK. Studies with a higher proportion of patients previously treated with bDMARDs showed a trend toward lower rates of CS discontinuation (P= 0.05). The analyses had high clinical heterogeneity, largely because treatments were prescribed as different lines of therapy.ConclusionEvidence supports TCZ, ANK, and CNK therapy for AOSD. However, the magnitude of effect and comparative effectiveness of treatments is uncertain.
Cancer Risk and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies in Western Australia
Authors: Nossent Johannes C. , Keen Helen , Preen David , Inderjeeth Charles 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo compare cancer incidence, type, and survival between patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) in Western Australia (WA) and the general population.MethodsAdministrative health data for hospitalized patients with incident IIM (n = 803, 56.5% female, median age 62.0 yrs), classified by a validated algorithm as polymyositis (PM; 36.2%), dermatomyositis (DM; 27.4%), inclusion body myositis (IBM; 17.1%), overlap myositis (OM; 10.7%), and other IIM (8.6%), were linked to WA cancer and death registries for the period of 1980 to 2014. Cancer incidence rates (CIRs) before and after IIM diagnosis as well as cancer mortality were compared with age-, sex-, and calendar year–matched controls (n = 3225, 54.9% female, median age 64 yrs) by rate ratios (RRs) and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates.ResultsThe prediagnosis CIR was similar for patients with IIM and controls (6.57 vs 5.95; RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.88-1.39) and for patients evolving to DM (n = 220) or other IIM subtypes (6.59 vs 6.56; RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.38-3.69). During follow-up, CIR was higher for all DM (4.05, 95% CI 3.04-5.29), with increased CIR for lung cancer vs controls (1.05 vs 0.33; RR 3.18, 95% CI 1.71-5.47). Cancer post diagnosis shortened life span by 59 months for patients with IIM (103 vs 162 months,P< 0.01), but reduced survival rates were observed only in patients with DM and IBM.ConclusionCancer risk was not increased prior to IIM, but CIR for lung cancer was increased following DM diagnosis. As cancer reduced survival only in patients with DM and IBM, these data support a strategy of limited cancer screening in IIM.
L’amnésie post-traumatique réflexe (suite) : concept de posture homéostatique autocontrainte
Authors: Gavino Raphaël 
Published: February 2024

Aujourd’hui, selon l’Institut Analgésia 1 , première fondation française de recherche dédiée à l’innovation contre la douleur, un adulte sur cinq souffre de douleurs chroniques et deux patients sur trois ne sont pas soulagés par leur traitement. Pourtant, Sherrington offre une piste essentielle pour comprendre la douleur chronique dès 1917 en démystifiant le fait que les réactions réflexes ont pour but de rétablir l’homéostasie. D’après la loi d’innervation réciproque de Sherrington, « quand les agonistes se contractent, les antagonistes se relâchent ». Nous nous rendons alors compte que le seul moyen de rétablir le bon fonctionnement d’un couple de forces est d’inhiber par sa propre contraction l’agoniste pour inhiber à son tour l’antagoniste. Parmi les milliers de publications concernant le Trigger Point présentes sur PubMed, il semble qu’un axe n’ait pas été pris en compte, celui d’inclure le modèle de la tenségrité biologique. À travers cette approche, je propose d’envisager une autre façon de soigner la douleur chronique : produire artificiellement un réflexe de retrait sur le tendon du muscle agoniste responsable du réflexe d’inhibition autogénique pour reprogrammer le couple de forces. Ainsi, la ténotomie, l’antalgie, la neurostimulation, la neurotomie seraient évitées et des résultats définitifs sur la douleur chronique basée sur la loi du tout ou rien, seraient obtenus. Si ma théorie de l’amnésie post-traumatique réflexe s’avère exacte, elle relancerait une fonction organique en mode par défaut. De ce fait, elle permettrait une innovation à visée curative dans toute pathologie d’origine fonctionnelle et/ou organique.
Les fondements de « l’ordre international » post-guerre froide
Authors: Badalassi Nicolas , Badalassi Nicolas 
Published: February 2024

Depuis que la Russie a renoué avec une politique extérieure agressive, une relecture des décisions internationales prises au tournant des décennies 1980 et 1990 est apparue nécessaire pour évaluer la pertinence de l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’architecture de sécurité post-guerre froide aurait été trop fragile pour ne pas être contestée. Dans cette optique, plusieurs questions méritent d’être soulevées : sur quels fondements repose l’ordre international né de la fin du conflit Est-Ouest ? Ces fondements ont-ils fait l’objet d’un véritable consensus ? Dans quelle mesure justifient-ils les contestations à leur encontre ? Il est possible d’apporter des éléments de réponse en inscrivant les soubassements de l’ordre post-guerre froide dans le temps long du second xx	e siècle et en revenant sur les tentatives faites dans les années 1990 pour adapter les institutions existantes au contexte nouveau.
Les quilles, les vaches, les chiens, le beau, le kitsch, la paille et la poutre. Merci Colina
Authors: Kabous Magali 
Published: February 2024

Ce texte rend hommage au cinéaste, professeur, critique de cinéma et homme de télévision cubain, Enrique Colina, décédé le 27 octobre 2020. Unanimement reconnu dans son pays pour ses multiples activités autour du cinéma, il a aussi été un grand fidèle des Rencontres toulousaines.
Chemical constituents of ostracod Heterocypris salina extract, anticancer and antimicrobial activity: in silico supported in vitro study
Authors: Hegab Mahmoud H. , Abdelhameed Moustafa S. , Shawer Ehab E. , El-Dein Asmaa Negm , Sabour Rehab , Ghareeb Mosad A. 
Published: February 2024

Background
The majority of bioactive compounds derived from the sea have been extracted from aquatic invertebrates. While Ostracods are a diverse class of crustaceans that inhabit marine, brackish, and freshwaters, there are no available studies testing Ostracoda in the medical field.

Objective
The aim of this work was to produce H. salina on a large scale to evaluate its crude extract for anticancer and antimicrobial activities.

Materials and methods
Ostracod, Heterocypris salina was collected from its habitat in the eastern side of Lake Manzalla, Egypt, and the species was cultured in Soaba System of the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Al-Khairia City, Egypt). Crude extract of Heterocypris salina was prepared and the extract was tested as an anticancer against different human cancer cell lines. Also, the extract was investigated as antimicrobial against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, chemical composition of the extract by GC-MS analysis and molecular docking were also studies.

Results and conclusion
Ostracod Heterocypris salina was cultured, at day 50 of the culturing, about 500 L of the culturing pond was harvested using plankton to collect the biomass of H. salina. A methanol extract of H. salina was prepared and showed a moderate to good anticancer effect against liver (HepG2), lung (A549), colon (HCT), and breast (MCF7) cancer cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 12.8–23.2 µg/ml), being safe for the healthy cells of the same organs. Also, the H. salina extract showed activity against three tested Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Salmonella typhi) and two Gram-positive (Sarcina lutea and Bacillus cereus) bacteria. GC-MS analysis of H. salina extract revealed the presence of 11 compounds including ethyl iso-allocholate (23.1%), 9(Z)-octadecenamide, (Z)-(20.6%), oleic acid (12.3%), palmitic acid (11.65%), and α-amyrin (10.73%). Moreover, a molecular docking study was performed in order to determine the possible binding interactions of the test compounds with the essential amino acids in the binding site of thymidylate kinase (TMK).
Screening of among seventeen sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes for oil content and the first flowering day using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers
Authors: Rashad Shimaa E. , Eldemerdash Ibthal S. , Hamed Hamdy M. , Emam Mohamed A. , Heiba Samy A.A. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Sunflower refers to the tribe Helianthus, subtribe Helianthinae, and family Asteraceae, which collectively contains 20 genera and 400 species. An important oilseed crop that yields edible oil is Helianthus annuus L.

Objective
The primary goal of the current study was to assess the genetic diversity of 17 genotypes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) To measure the oil content during the initial flowering period and to reach the highest percentage of oil can be obtained from the first flowering day.

Materials and methods
Five RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) primers were used to detect the genetic diversity of the 17 sunflower hybrid genotypes obtained from Spain. Phylogenetic relationships of 17 sunflower genotypes were determined using three replications and 6 m lines on August 15, 2019, at the National Research Centre farm in Nubaria as part of a donation from the German corporation (strobe), Spain. To analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic linkages in sunflower germplasm, DNA fingerprinting and the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular marker approach were also used.

Results and conclusion
The oil content of 17 sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L.) was assessed, with values ranging from 46 to 50%, with the highest values falling into five genotypes. However, the two genotypes were found to have the lowest oil percentage (46%). The early age and oil percentage differed among the varieties. In the Tornado and Elves genotypes, the longest and shortest days were 59 and 47, respectively. The means and standard errors for all statistical data are reported. Statistical significance was evaluated using the LSD. P values were considered statistically significant at P less than or equal to 0.05. According to the findings, RAPD primers generated 49 bands with a size range of 0.1–3 kb and an 87.75% polymorphism percentage. For RAPD, 43 polymorphic bands with distinct bands were observed. Morphological features and RAPD analysis separated the UPGMA Dendrogram into three groups. Jaccard’s coefficient was used to analyze the genetic similarity matrix, and a morphological study revealed that Tornado and Elvas, both from Spain, shared the most genetic similarity (0.970). RAPD analysis and morphological features are useful in identifying genetic variants. Conclusion, according to our findings, Helianthus annuus L. has a significant variation ratio. Indicating substantial diversity across the 17 sunflower genotypes, the genetic similarity index calculated using pooled data from RAPD markers showed an extensive range from 0.645 to 0.986. This study may be a reference for future research on Helianthus annuus L. and may support breeding initiatives and species concepts.
The immunological response of Egyptians to coronavirus disease-19 infection: a cohort study of lymphocyte populations and peripheral blood counts
Authors: Ghorab Raghda , Salama Mohamed , Abdelnaby Asmaa , Kholoussi Naglaa M , Abou-Elwafa Menna-Allah Zakaria 
Published: February 2024

Background
The worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 infection that started in 2019 still lays its shadows over all populations of the world. COVID-19 infection presented with a spectrum of symptoms that varied from wave to wave, and also led to a wide number of long-term sequelae. Many immune system cells and cytokines were implicated in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Thus, many immuno-modulator and immuno-suppressive drugs were used in the management of severe cases. Lymphocytes are the key players of immune system, the change in their count and different subsets is expected to vary with COVID-19 infection.

Objective
The current study aimed to evaluate the role of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in predicting the outcome of COVID-19 patients and to investigate their correlation with different clinical and laboratory variables.

Materials and methods
The study included 64 patients hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). They were stratified according to in-hospital mortality into survivors and nonsurvivors. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Flowcytometric evaluation of lymphocyte subsets was done on admission.

Results and conclusion
Nonsurvivors showed lower relative lymphocyte count, higher absolute neutrophil count, and higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) compared with survivors (P = 0.034, 0.006, 0.011; respectively). NLR at a cut off 15.3 had a sensitivity of 70.59% and specificity of 61.29% for predicting mortality in COVID-19 patients. The relative and absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Platelet count showed statistically significant positive correlation with absolute counts of total T lymphocytes, T helper, T cytotoxic, and B lymphocytes. The platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), NLR and D-dimer results were negatively correlated with the total T lymphocytes, T helper, T cytotoxic, naïve T cytotoxic and B lymphocyte absolute counts.
The NLR, absolute neutrophil count and platelet count may serve as adjuvant predictors of survival in COVID-19 disease. Although lymphocyte subsets did not differ statistically across survival groups, their correlation with other possible prognostic markers may justify further investigation on their role in COVID-19 pathophysiology.
Secondary analysis: Graph analysis of brain connectivity network in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Pourmotahari Fatemeh , Borumandnia Nasrin , Tabatabaei Seyyed Mohammad , Alavimajd Hamid 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition in which impaired connectivity of the brain network. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique can provide information on the early diagnosis of autism by evaluating communication patterns in the brain. The present study aimed to assess functional connectivity (FC) variations in autism patients.

Materials and Methods:
Resting-state fMRI data were obtained from the “ABIDE” website. These data include 294 autism patients with a mean (standard deviation) age of 16.49 (7.63) and 312 healthy individuals with a mean (standard deviation) age of 15.98 (6.31). In this study, changes in communication patterns across different brain regions in autism patients were investigated using graph-based models.

Results:
The FC cluster of 17 regions in the brain, such as the hippocampus, cuneus, and inferior temporal, was different between the patient and healthy groups. Based on connectivity analysis of pair regions, 36 of the 136 correlations in the cluster were significantly different between the two groups. The middle temporal gyrus had more communication than the other regions. The largest difference between groups was – 0.112, which corresponding to the right middle temporal and right thalamus regions.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study revealed functional relationship alterations in patients with autism compared to healthy individuals, indicating the disease’s effects on the brain connectivity network.
Association between serum zinc levels and multiple cutaneous warts: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mani Divya , Dileep Jude Ernest , Kaliyaperumal Damayandhi , Kuruvila Sheela , Govardhan Jagadeeshkumar , Sadasivam Ilakkiapriya , Takharya Rajkiran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Warts are cutaneous manifestations of human papillomavirus (HPV). Trauma and maceration facilitate initial epidermal inoculation. The spread may then occur by autoinoculation. Local and systemic immune factors appear to influence the spread. Zinc is an essential micronutrient having a wide spectrum of actions. Deficiency of the same adversely affects the immune function, especially, T cell functions. The role of zinc as an immunological modulator activates lymphocytes and cytokines against the penetration and replication of viruses, which has increasingly been recognized. Numerous skin disorders have been linked to zinc deficiency. A high dose of oral zinc sulfate has shown outstanding therapeutic efficacy and prevents relapse in patients with recalcitrant and multiple warts. Owing to the therapeutic efficacy of oral zinc in the treatment of warts, the current study was undertaken to find out the association between serum zinc level and multiple cutaneous warts among the study population.

Materials and methods:
One hundred and ten patients with cutaneous warts met the inclusion criteria and an equal number of age and sex-matched controls were enrolled. A consecutive sampling technique was used for the enrolment. Details regarding the duration, number, clinical type, size, and distribution of the warts were recorded. Serum zinc levels were estimated in both cases and controls. Data were tabulated and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.

Results:
The reference range for normal serum zinc levels was taken as 60–180 µg/dL. Normal serum zinc levels were found in 91 (100%) of the cases and 100 (110%) of the controls; high levels were found only in 9 (10%) of the cases. Cases were found to have significantly higher mean serum zinc levels compared with the controls. (121.1 ± 35.78 µg/dL vs. 101.8 ± 20.48µg/dL, P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Patients with multiple cutaneous warts were found to have higher mean serum zinc levels compared with age and sex-matched controls. There was no significant association of serum zinc levels with the duration or the number of warts.
Fingerprint Dermatoglyphic Patterns among Adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Western Kenya
Authors: Clevin Aswani Wakhisi , Dominic Marera Oduor , Willis Oyieko Oriyo 
Published: February 2024

Background: Dermatoglyphics is the study of epidermal ridges and their configurations on the skin of the palms and soles of the foot. The patterns can be grouped into loops, whorls, and arches each of them having a unique characteristic that appears to be influenced by genetic factors. Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic disorder caused by reduced insulin secretion. Type 2 diabetes results from genetic disorders involving multiple genes that control insulin secretion and action. This study aimed to assess the variations in fingerprint patterns among adults with Type II diabetes mellitus which could be used as an early, easy, cheap and painless method of screening diabetes.
Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study design was used where 150 diabetic patients were compared with 150 non-diabetics as controls all selected from Kakamega County Teaching Referral Hospital, Western Kenya. Socio- demographic data and family history were recorded, thereafter fingerprints were taken using the Indian ink method. The chi-square test was used to check for a significant association between the pattern variations in diabetics and the control group.
Results: The study involved 300 respondents where 33.33% were aged above 60 years with females being the majority at 60.67 % while among diabetics 68 % had a family history of diabetes. Whorl (p=0.0003) and ulna loops (p=0.002) patterns were decreased among male diabetics when compared to male non-diabetics while in female diabetics, whorl patterns were increased (p=0.02929) when compared to female non- diabetics. There was an association between whorl patterns and family history among diabetics (p=0.049). Ulna loops were significantly low (p=0.004) while whorls were significantly high (p=0.016) among diabetics when compared to non-diabetics.
Conclusion: This study showed that dermatoglyphic patterns could be used as a feature for early screening of type II diabetes.
Antiplasmodial Properties of Ethanol Stem-Bark Extract of <i>Newbouldia Laevis</i> (P. Beauv) Seem in <i>P. Berghei</i> Infected Mice
Authors: Adeyinka Aderinola A. , Jane Ejiofor I. , Ben Chindo A. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Despite substantial improvement in the management of malaria infection over the last centuries, it remains a significant public threat especially to those in the tropical and subtropical African regions due to the emergence of drug-resistant P. falciparum strains, delayed diagnosis, high cost as well as contraindications of some available antimalarial medications. Hence, the need for necessary measures in terms of alternative therapeutic approaches to counter this threat is of utmost importance. The present study was aimed at determining the antimalarial potential of ethanol stem-bark extract of Newbouldia laevis in P. berghei (NK65) infected mice.
Methodology: The antimalarial activity of Newbouldia laevis stem-bark at 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg was investigated in mice infected with 1 x 107 parasitized erythrocytes using three experimental animal models: Peter's 4-day suppressive, curative and prophylactic models. Phytochemical screening of the stem bark was also conducted.
Results: The extract at all tested doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ kg showed significant (p<0.01) and dose-dependent reductions in the parasitemia levels of the treated rats with percentage chemosuppresion of 90.7, 91.8 and 94% respectively in the Peters 4-day suppressive test. There were also significant (p<0.01) dose- dependent reductions in parasitemia density of the treated rats at all doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg in the curative and prophylactic studies compared to the distilled water group. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids and anthraquinones in the crude extract.
Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanol stem-bark extract of Newbouldia laevis possesses antimalarial activity and this justifies the traditional use of the stem-bark of the plant in antimalarial herbal remedy.