bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure and Multicomponent Sucrose Solutions
Authors: Tuzhilkin Vyacheslav , Petrov Sergey , Podgornova Nadezda 
Published: December 2023

To select an optimal mode of evaporation and crystallization, sugar producers need comprehensive databases of chemical and thermodynamic properties of sucrose solutions. This article introduces refined experimental estimates of the chemical and thermodynamic properties of pure and technical multicomponent sucrose solutions.
The study involved a modernized ebulliometer with two circulation tubes that measured the true boiling points of concentrated and supersaturated homogeneous solutions, as well as heterogeneous crystallizing systems. The boiling points of pure and multicomponent sucrose solutions were observed for the following variables: 5–93% dry solids, 60–100% purity, 20–100 kPa.
In this study, the sucrose solutions did not obey Raoult’s laws for ideal mixtures, while the Ramsay-Young’s equation and Dühring’s rule were approximate. The thermodynamic properties of these solutions fit in the Lewis theory of activity. The study yielded a new thermodynamic equation for the boiling point in pure and technical multicomponent sucrose solutions. The authors revealed the correlation between the constants of Ramsay-Young and Dühring and the concentration and supersaturation of sucrose solutions, as well as the change in the entropy of these solutions. The error of estimate was 2–3%. The supersaturation coefficient was measured by the ratio of the boiling points of the solution and water.
The authors used differential and relative ebulliometric criteria to develop some practical methods for monitoring and controlling the process of isobaric evaporative crystallization. The new method can improve the commercial mass sucrose crystallization from boiling solutions.
Tomato Pomace Ketchup: Physicochemical, Microbiological, and Sensory Characteristics
Authors: Heriyanto Stefanny , Romulo Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important crops that is extensively used in the food processing industry. During tomato processing, abundant by-products such as skins, pulps, seeds, and waste are generated and cause environmental burdens. To solve this problem, tomato pomace was subsequently used as a material for making tomato sauce. However, it is essential that the production of tomato ketchup meets the required standards. Therefore, it is important to analyze the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the product. We aimed to study the effect of corn starch addition on the physicochemical and sensory properties of tomato ketchup made from tomato waste and to assess the acceptability of tomato sauce formulated with different concentrations of corn starch.
Tomato ketchup was cooked at 90°C for 15 min and then hot-filled into a sterile glass bottle. It was then analyzed for physical properties (color, viscosity, and total dissolved solids), chemical properties (pH, titratable acidity, moisture content), microbiological quality (total bacteria, mold, and yeast), and sensory acceptance.
The results showed that corn starch influenced the color characteristics of the tomato sauce. Adding more than 4% of corn starch increased the viscosity and total solids content significantly (p < 0.05). Also, corn starch addition decreased the water content and acidity, as well as increased the pH of the tomato sauce. Microbiological analysis showed no growth of bacteria, mold, or yeast in any of the test samples. According to sensory analysis, the tomato sauce with 1% of corn starch had the highest acceptance, while higher concentrations of corn starch decreased the texture acceptance.
Our findings may indicate that, with proper formulation, tomato by-products can be used as raw materials to develop sustainable alternative value-added products that consumers accept organoleptically. Further investigations can be conducted in the pilot-scale studies to enhance the feasibility of tomato pomace ketchup as a commercial product.
Electrochemical Sensors Based on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Voltammetric Ascorbic Acid Tests
Authors: Ivanova Natalia , Martynova Elizaveta , Vershinina Anna , Lomakin Maksim , Eremeeva Galina , Gordaya Olesya , Shandakov Sergey 
Published: December 2023

Modern highly sensitive and selective sensors are able to determine biologically active substances, which makes this direction one of the most popular areas of analytical chemistry. The study featured the electrochemical properties of new fiber materials based on single-wall carbon nanotubes with prospects of using them in the voltammetry of ascorbic acid.
The authors developed a new technology to synthesize films from disordered single-wall carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. Fibers were produced from a solvent by wet-pulling of single-wall carbon nanotubes networks. Thin films of randomly oriented single-wall carbon nanotube bundles were deposited downstream of a floating aerosol CVD reactor, which included a high temperature furnace with a quartz tube. The synthesis of the single-wall carbon nanotube samples was performed at 825°C. Ethanol served as carbon source while ferrocene was used as catalyst precursor. The single-wall carbon nanotubes were collected on a nitrocellulose filter in the form of films with transmittances of 10% in the middle of the visible wavelength (550 nm). The method was optimized to involve air annealing at 300–320°C and a treatment with strong inorganic acids, i.e., HCl, HNO3 + H2SO4. The voltammetric curves recording included background electrolyte, scan rate, and preconditioning. These parameters were selected experimentally to obtain the maximal sensor response to ascorbic acid content. The anodic peak of ascorbic acid in the phosphate buffer electrolyte (pH 6.86) was observed at a potential of +0.2 V. The current and peak area of ascorbic acid oxidation depended neither on the time nor on the conditioning potential of the sensor. The linear dependences of these parameters on the concentration of ascorbic acid stayed within 50–500 μmol/L (8.8–90 mg/L) at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s. The single-wall carbon nanotube microsensor had a length of 0.5 cm and an average width of 400 μm. Its sensitivity was two times as high as that of a disk glassy carbon electrode with a diameter of 5 mm.
The experimental sensors proved effective in determining ascorbic acid in food products, pharmaceuticals, and biological fluids.
Developments in Emerging Topical Drug Delivery Systems for Ocular
Disorders
Authors: Mandal Suraj , Vishvakarma Prabhakar , Bhumika Km. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
According to the current information, using nano gels in the eyes have therapeutic
benefits. Industry growth in the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors has been filled by nanotechnology.
Traditional ocular preparations have a short retention duration and restricted drug
bioavailability because of the eye's architectural and physiological barriers, a big issue for physicians,
patients, and chemists. In contrast, nano gels can encapsulate drugs within threedimensional
cross-linked polymeric networks. Because of their distinctive structural designs
and preparation methods, they can deliver loaded medications in a controlled and sustained
manner, enhancing patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy. Due to their excellent drugloading
capacity and biocompatibility, nano-gels outperform other nano-carriers. This study
focuses on using nano gels to treat eye diseases and provides a brief overview of their creation
and response to stimuli. Our understanding of topical drug administration will be advanced using
nano gel developments to treat common ocular diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, dry
eye syndrome, bacterial keratitis, and linked medication-loaded contact lenses and natural active
ingredients.
Tuning Microstructural Attributes of Spinel Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4)
Nanoparticles through Annealing Temperature
Authors: Naagar Manish , Chalia Sonia , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The study systematically investigates the influence of annealing temperatures, ranging from 500°C to 900°C with 100°C increments, on the
microstructural characteristics of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles.

Methods:
The nanoparticles, with sizes between 7-18 nm, were synthesized using the
co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that higher annealing temperatures correspond to noticeable increases in crystallite size, lattice parameter, unit cell volume, and interatomic distances within both octahedral and tetrahedral
sites. Concurrently, a substantial decrease is observed in the average theoretical X-ray
density, dislocation density, and microstructural strain. This investigation elucidates
the underlying physical and chemical processes driving these transformations. To explore and quantify the intricate relationships between annealing temperature and various microstructural attributes of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) serves as a robust statistical tool. The study establishes significant associations and elucidates the strength and direction of these correlations.

Results:
Regression analysis yields highly robust correlations (Adjusted R-Squared >
0.99) between microstructural features and annealing temperature. These correlations
provide valuable predictive insights into microstructural characteristics, offering substantial support for optimizing CoFe2O4 nanoparticle applications across a temperature range spanning from 500°C to 900°C.

Conclusion:
This research contributes to the scientific understanding of materials engineering and offers practical guidance for applications requiring precise control over
nanoparticle properties.
PEMODELAN SISTEM DINAMIK DAN IMPLEMENTASI SIMULINK PENGENDALIAN KESTABILAN UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE MULTIROTOR HEXACOPTER CARGO
Authors: Soputra Steven Wiliam , Tobing Sheila , Rawikara Seno Sahisnu 
Published: December 2023

The rapid growth of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology, or drone, has shown its popularity and has been significantly applied to various purposes today. Nevertheless, with all the sophistication of drones, many related topics are still attractive, especially when a drone is designed to carry out a cargo mission. Thus, in this research, the dynamic model of a Hexacopter drone to deliver goods belongs to PT Aero Terra Scan is being developed. This dynamic modeling aims to further the drone's development by modeling it in 2 cases: no-payload and with a payload of 5 kg cases. The dynamic model of this Hexacopter is based on flight dynamics, a field of science studied in Aeronautical Engineering, and is implemented using Simulink. Through the results of this research, several conclusions have been withdrawn: (1) The drone's unstable nature characteristic inherently, even though it is analyzed from the initial hover condition. Thus, the drone and its system as a whole can never be separated with the feedback control that made it can maneuver adequately. (2) Several technical parameters of this Hexacopter, including the geometry, mass, the moment of inertia, until the estimation of motor throttle is required to achieve its hover conditions, both in the no-payload case and with-payload of 5 kg case. (3) The Hexacopter basic dynamic system model is based on the flight dynamics until its motion system control tuning through root locus map analysis using Simulink.
PENGARUH GEOMETRI DAN PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH SIRIP TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI TEMPERATUR HEAT SINK SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENDINGINAN PADA PIRANTI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Subekti Fajar , Wahyudi Slamet , Gapsari Femiana 
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the geometry shape of the copper material heat sink fins on the surface temperature distribution of the heat sink. The material used in this research is pure copper, the shape of the heat sink fins is made rippled with the addition of the number of fins 5, 6, and 7 and the input temperature is varied from 40 C to 80 C with airflow variations from 0.2 m/s to 1 m/s. The first step is to create a heat sink design with Autodesk Inventor. Then the plan is simulated with Autodesk CFD to solve the continuity, momentum, turbulence, and energy equations. Based on the method that has been carried out, it is found that the addition of variations in the number of fins affects the decrease in surface temperature. The highest temperature drop on fin 5 ripples is 24.1 C. The heat energy transfer rate increased by 0.4657 W. The convection heat transfer coefficient increased by 3.47 W/m²C. Nusselt number shows an increase of 271. Fin performance has increased efficiency by 63.4 %, and effectiveness by 1.61. The results of this study are expected to provide practical alternatives that can be widely adopted on a heatsink plate that is very promising for future thermal developments.
Bacilloscopy for leprosy in Brazil's public health system between 2013 and 2022
Authors: Barbosa-Lima Ricardo , Vivian Geissiane Felizardo , Alba Lincoln Max Rocha , De Gois Kaisa Silva Nascimento , Tomaz Vivian Aparecida , Pinto Murilo Correzola , Ramos-Silva Flávia Freire , Silva Glebson Moura 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To evaluate the annual number of skin smear microscopies for leprosy performed in the Unified Health System (SUS) in the last decade. Methods: An ecological, longitudinal, retrospective, and quantitative study was conducted using data from the Ambulatory Information System (SIA/SUS). The number of skin smear microscopies for leprosy per 100,000 residents was estimated for Brazil and its five macroregions, between 2013 and 2022, with a significance level (a) of 5%. Results: More than 1.3 million skin smear microscopies were reported in the last decade in the SUS. The median annual incidence was 67 skin smear microscopies for leprosy per 100,000 residents, with the maximum observed in 2013 (82) and the minimum in 2022 (46). Annual incidences in the North, Central-West, and Northeast macro-regions were significantly higher than the national estimate, whereas in the South and Southeast, they were lower (p <0.05). The temporal trend was considered decreasing for the national estimate (p = 0.002), with an annual percentage variation of -5.6% (95%CI = -3.8%; -8.2%). However, after disregarding the years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022), the trend became stationary (p = 0.181). Furthermore, the incidence during the pre-pandemic period was significantly higher compared with the third year after the advent of the pandemic in all macro-regions of Brazil (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that the SUS performed a significant number of skin smear microscopies for leprosy in the last ten years, but there are macro-regional disparities in Brazil and a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Adherence to Heart Rate Training Zones in an Exercise Training Program in Adults with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gonçalves Patric Emerson Oliveira , Nogueira Tiago da Silva , Passos Bruno Rezende , Pereira Danielle Aparecida Gomes , Thomas Scott , Britto Raquel Rodrigues 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To investigate the effect of exercise intensity on functional capacity in individuals with coronary artery disease, assess adherence to the heart rate training zone (HRTZ), and determine the relationship between trained intensity and functional capacity. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of 54 outpatients with coronary artery disease in a public hospital. The prescribed intensity started at 50%–60% of the heart rate reserve, increasing monthly to 70%–80% by the third month. Spearman’s test was used to assess the correlation between improvement in distance in the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), exercise intensity, and rating of perceived exertion (Borg–RPE). Adherence was classified as ‘below’ when HRTZ was not achieved in any phase of the program, ‘intermediate’ when HR was within the HRTZ for one or two months, and ‘above’ when HR was at or higher than HRTZ ≥ two months. Improvement was tested using t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: 51.9% of participants had an increase in ISWT of ≥70 m (p < 0.0001). In at least one month, 50.9% trained below HRTZ. The trained intensity did not fall below 8.6% of the prescribed HRTZ minimum threshold. Changes in ISWT were not significantly correlated with exercise intensity (p = 0.87) or Borg–RPE (p = 0.16). Conclusion: While a significant increase in functional capacity was found, considerable heterogeneity in changes were observed. This may, in part, be related to adherence to HRTZ with progressive exercise intensity and to the variability in exercise volume in cardiovascular rehabilitation programs.
New advances in pediatric nephrology: ESPN 2023 results
Authors: Zvenigorodska G.Yu. , Kislova Yu.O. , Andrunevich R.R. 
Published: December 2023

On September 28 — October 1, 2023, the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN) 55th Annual Meeting was held in Vilnius, Lithuania, where new achievements in the world of pediatric nephrology were presented. The program included 66 sessions with reports, continuing medical education courses, 117 invited speakers, meetings of working groups on various issues of pediatric nephrology were held, about 450 abstracts were printed and 292 poster presentations were discussed, inclu­ding two by authors from Ukraine. Courses for young doctors, preparing them for the international exam, and 5-minute reports by well-known specialists became interesting in the organization of continuing medical education, which significantly increased the amount of presented material. Among the innovative approaches in pediatric nephrology, the following drugs have been considered: finerenone (a selective non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist), sparsentan (an angiotensin/endothelin receptor antagonist) for Alport syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, dapagliflozin (a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor) for chronic kidney disease and pioglitazone for proteinuria. New approaches have been introduced: to IgA nephropathy — proteinuria control with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), tonsillectomy, rituximab, eculizumab; to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis — plasmapheresis, rituximab (CD20), ofatumumab (CD20), abatacept (CD80/86), belatacept (CD80/86), daratumumab (CD38); to membranous nephropathy — proteinuria control with ACEi, rituximab, calcineurin inhibitors, glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide; to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis — proteinuria control with ACEi; to C3 glomerulopathy — proteinuria control with ACEi, eculizumab. Specific provisions of the BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) guidelines were considered, in particular, monthly screening for BKPyV-DNAemia in blood plasma is suggested until month 9, then every 3 months until month 24, after which additional screening every 3 months until the end of the third year after transplantation in pediatric kidney recipients (C, weak). In pediatric patients with stable renal function and high BKPyV-DNAemia, despite reduction in immunosuppressive therapy, we suggest consideration of renal allograft biopsy, as creatinine elevation may be decreased in children with significant renal involvement, including rejection (A, strong).
A clinical case of primary membranous glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome and resistance to standard treatment
Authors: Denova L.D. , Krasiuk I.V. 
Published: December 2023

The incidence of primary membranous glomerulonephritis is 1 case per 100,000 each year (75–80 %), with a male-to-female ratio of 2 : 1. It is the cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in more than 20 % of cases (over 40 % in people aged 60 and older). The problem of membranous glomerulonephritis consists in a difficult differential diagnostic search and frequent cases of resistance to treatment. Resistance to treatment may develop in 10–20 % of patients, resulting in the end-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplantation). Our work presents the results of clinical observation of a patient with primary membranous glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome and resistance to standard treatment. This patient had a positive dynamics of clinical-laboratory-instrumental indicators and an improvement in the quality of life against the background of taking rituximab.
The DNA methylation of the interleukin6 as a biomarker for the early detection of colorectal cancer
Authors: Ahmed Abdullah Sakar , Assad Mohamad Dlnya 
Published: December 2023

Objectives: To identify the DNA methylation pattern of the interleukin6 promoter region in colorectal cancer patients and colorectal polys patients that could be a biomarker for early detection of colorectal cancer.
Methods: For this purpose, we examined the DNA methylation pattern of the promoter region of the IL6 specifically 358 bp (-292 to +67) including 7 CpG sites (-228, -213, -163, -119, +10, +19, +25) in a total of ninety samples with thirty samples each for controls, cancer patients, and colorectal polyps using the bisulfite conversion sequencing method.
Result: Our results indicate that CpG +25 and CpG -119 can serve as biomarkers for early detection of colon cancer, showing a significant difference in P-values of 0.001 at CpG +25 and 0.004 at CpG-119. The hypomethylation of CpG -119 in cancer groups facilitates the binding of the methyl-sensitive transcription factor Sp1. It enhances the overexpression of IL6 besides hypermethylation of CpG +25 that prevents binding of the methyl-sensitive insulator CTF, unbinding the insulator to the promoter region of the cancer samples makes the promoter region open access to the TFs that enhances overexpression. Furthermore, a remarkable non-recorded SNP at CpG -228 was observed in 98.6% of the enrolled groups.
Conclusion: In the state of DNA methylation, IL 6 could contribute to the onset of colorectal polyps and colorectal polyps cancer due to a significant level of methylation in CpG +25 and CpG -119.
Currículo e poder: reflexões sobre os encontros de formação para a Educação do Campo no município de Campina Grande-PB
Authors: Morais Simony Araújo de , Gomes Ramonildes Alves 
Published: December 2023

Esse artigo consiste em um exercício de reflexão, a partir de uma agenda de formação para educadores de escolas do campo, que buscou analisar as relações de poder que se expressam pela dimensão da formação com os educadores no município de Campina Grande-PB. A pesquisa adotou a abordagem qualitativa, e técnicas de pesquisa como, o diálogo com a bibliografia e registros de observação direta, realizadas durante o exercício da pesquisa para feitura da tese de doutorado que está em andamento. Assim, apresentamos uma descrição dos encontros de formação promovidos pela Secretaria de Educação (SEDUC) de Campina Grande no ano de 2022 para os educadores de escolas do campo refletindo as relações de poder que se expressam pela dimensão do currículo. Nesse artigo trazemos um recorte desses encontros de formação pensando a partir do debate do currículo como poder (SILVA, 2005), dos processos de hierarquia e dominação simbólica (BOURDIEU, 1997) que podem se expressar nas práticas de formação docente, no desafio da construção da interculturalidade crítica (FREIRE, 1987) e do diálogo cultural (MARTINS, 2005) necessários a um currículo que acolhe crenças, ideias, imagens, modos de significação, símbolos e conhecimentos diversos. Ao final, apontamos elementos de regularidade nos encontros formativos que sinalizam para uma tendência monoculturalista de padronização curricular, destacando o foco na exposição e caráter instrumental a partir de oficinas, o estudo e exposição de um modelo como referência a ser seguida, a invisibilidade dos atores envolvidos no processo educativo e os termos novos para práticas já conhecidas que reforçam relações de poder e a posição hierárquica do currículo no cenário analisado.