bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for Crohn’s disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qiu Yunfeng , Li Changfeng , Sheng Shihou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Small-scale clinical trials have provided evidence suggesting the effectiveness of stem-cell therapy (SCT) for patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD). The objective of the research was to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of SCT for individuals diagnosed with CD through a comprehensive review and meta-analysis.

Methods
A search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), CENTER (Cochrane Library), and Embase (Ovid) to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the impact of SCT on the occurrence of clinical remission (CR) and severe adverse events (SAE) among patients diagnosed with CD. The Cochrane Q test and estimation of I2 were used to assess heterogeneity among studies. After incorporating heterogeneity, a random-effects model was employed for data pooling.

Results
Overall, 12 RCTs involving 632 adult patients with medically refractory CD or CD-related fistula were included. In comparison with placebo or no treatment, SCT showed a greater likelihood of CR (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 95% CI 1.39–3.12, p < 0.001) without any notable heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). Consistent results were observed in subgroup analyses based on study design, patient diagnosis, source and type of stem cells, and follow-up durations, with all p-values for subgroup analyses being greater than 0.05. The occurrence of SAE was similar among patients assigned to SCT and the placebo/no treatment cohorts (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.37–1.33, p = 0.28; I2 = 0%).

Conclusions
For patients with medically refractory CD or CD-related fistula, SCT may be an alternatively effective and safe treatment.
Critically ill patients with infective endocarditis, neurological complications and indication for cardiac surgery: a multicenter propensity-adjusted study
Authors: Gros Alexandre , Seguy Benjamin , Bonnet Guillaume , Guettard Yves-Olivier , Pillois Xavier , Prevel Renaud , Orieux Arthur , Ternacle Julien , Préau Sebastien , Lavie-Badie Yoan , Coupez Elisabeth , Coudroy Rémi , Marest Delphine , Martins Raphaël P. , Gruson Didier , Tourdias Thomas , Boyer Alexandre ,   the ICE-COCA investigators, Prevel Renaud , Coste Pierre , Fukutomi Hikaru , Souweine Bertrand , Preau Sébastien , Nseir Saad , Toussaint Aurélia , Outteryck Olivier , Reignier Jean , Robert René , Martins Raphaël , Urien Jean Marie , Porte Lydie , Robin Guillaume , Charbonnier Gaëtan , Sarton Benjamine , Silva Stein 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The benefit–risk balance and optimal timing of surgery for severe infective endocarditis (IE) with ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes is unknown. The study aim was to compare the neurological outcome between patients receiving surgery or not.

Methods
In a prospective register-based multicenter ICU study, patients were included if they met the following criteria: (i) left-sided IE with an indication for heart surgery; (ii) with cerebral complications documented by cerebral imaging before cardiac surgery; (iii) with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥ 3. Exclusion criteria were isolated right-sided IE, in-hospital acquired IE and patients with cerebral complications only after cardiac surgery. In the primary analysis, the prognostic value of surgery in term of disability at 6 month was assessed by using a propensity score-adjusted logistic regression.

Results
192 patients were included including ischemic stroke (74.5%) and hemorrhagic lesion (15.6%): 67 (35%) had medical treatment and 125 (65%) cardiac surgery. In the propensity score-adjusted logistic regression, a favorable 6-month neurological outcome was associated with surgery (odds ratio 13.8 (95% CI 6.2–33.7). The 1-year mortality was strongly reduced with surgery in the fixed-effect propensity-adjusted Cox model (hazard ratio 0.18; 95% CI 0.11–0.27; p < 0.001). These effects remained whether the patients received delayed surgery (n = 62/125) or not and whether they were deeply comatose (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 10) or not.

Conclusions
In critically ill IE patients with an indication for surgery and previous cerebral events, a better propensity-adjusted neurological outcome was associated with surgery compared with medical treatment.
Adolescent utilization of eating disorder higher level of care: roles of family-based treatment adherence and demographic factors
Authors: Lau Josephine S. , Kline-Simon Andrea H. , Schmittdiel Julie A. , Sterling Stacy A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Outpatient family-based treatment (FBT) is effective in treating restrictive eating disorders among adolescents. However, little is known about whether FBT reduces higher level of care (HLOC) utilization or if utilization of HLOC is associated with patient characteristics. This study examined associations between utilization of eating disorder related care (HLOC and outpatient treatment) and reported adherence to FBT and patient characteristics in a large integrated health system.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study examined 4101 adolescents who received care for restrictive eating disorders at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. A survey was sent to each medical center to identify treatment teams as high FBT adherence (hFBT) and low FBT adherence (lFBT). Outpatient medical and psychiatry encounters and HLOC, including medical hospitalizations and higher-level psychiatric care as well as patient characteristics were extracted from the EHR and examined over 12 months post-index.

Results
2111 and 1990 adolescents were treated in the hFBT and lFBT, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, initial percent median BMI, and comorbid mental health diagnoses, there were no differences in HLOC or outpatient utilization between hFBT and lFBT. Females had higher odds of any utilization compared with males. Compared to White adolescents, Latinos/Hispanics had lower odds of HLOC utilization. Asian, Black, and Latino/Hispanic adolescents had lower odds of psychiatric outpatient care than Whites.

Conclusions
Reported FBT adherence was not associated with HLOC utilization in this sample. However, significant disparities across patient characteristics were found in the utilization of psychiatric care for eating disorders. More efforts are needed to understand treatment pathways that are accessible and effective for all populations with eating disorders.
Validation of a low-cost continuous renal replacement therapy dialysate fluid controller for experimental purposes
Authors: dos Santos Yuri de Albuquerque Pessoa , Park Viviane Flor , Cardozo Junior Luis Carlos Maia , Besen Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro , Mendes Pedro Vitale , Park Marcelo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) support is crucial for critically ill patients and it is underexplored in specific situations. Experimental CRRT offers a means to gain insights into these scenarios, but the prohibitive cost of CRRT machines limits their accessibility. This study aimed to develop and validate a low-cost and precise dialysate controller for experimental CRRT.

Results
Our results demonstrate a commendable level of precision in affluent flow control, with a robust correlation (R2 = 0.99) for continuous flow and a strong correlation (R2 = 0.95) for intermittent flow. Additionally, we observed acceptable agreement with a bias = 3.4 mL (upper limit 95% = 43.9 mL and lower limit 95% = − 37 mL) for continuous flow and bias = − 20.9 mL (upper limit 95% = 54 mL and lower limit 95% = − 95.7 mL) for intermittent flow, in this way, offering a precise CRRT dose for the subjects. Furthermore, we achieved excellent precision in the cumulative ultrafiltration net (UFnet), with a bias = − 2.8 mL (upper limit 95% = 6.5 mL and lower limit 95% = − 12 mL). These results remained consistent even at low affluent flow rates of 8, 12, and 20 mL/min, which are compatible with CRRT doses of 25–30 mL/kg for medium-sized animals. Moreover, the acceptable precision of our findings persisted when the dialysate controller was subjected to high filter dialysate chamber pressure for an extended duration, up to 797 min.

Conclusions
The low-cost dialysate controller developed and tested in this study offers a precise means of regulating CRRT in experimental settings. Its affordability and accuracy render it a valuable instrument for studying CRRT support in unconventional clinical scenarios, particularly in middle-income countries’ experimental ICU laboratories.
Unnatural amino acid substitutions to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of 68Ga-labeled GRPR-targeted TacBOMB2 derivatives for cancer imaging with positron emission tomography
Authors: Wang Lei , Kuo Hsiou-Ting , Zhang Zhengxing , Zhang Chengcheng , Chen Chao-Cheng , Chapple Devon , Wilson Ryan , Colpo Nadine , François Bénard  , Lin Kuo-Shyan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Overexpressed in various solid tumors, gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a promising cancer imaging marker and therapeutic target. Although antagonists are preferable for the development of GRPR-targeted radiopharmaceuticals due to potentially fewer side effects, internalization of agonists may lead to longer tumor retention and better treatment efficacy. In this study, we systematically investigated unnatural amino acid substitutions to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of a previously reported GRPR-targeted agonist tracer, [68Ga]Ga-TacBOMB2 (68Ga-DOTA-Pip-D-Phe6-Gln7-Trp8-Ala9-Val10-Gly11-His12-Leu13-Thz14-NH2).

Results
Unnatural amino acid substitutions were conducted for Gln7, Trp8, Ala9, Val10, Gly11 and His12, either alone or in combination. Out of 25 unnatural amino acid substitutions, tert-Leu10 (Tle10) and NMe-His12 substitutions were identified to be preferable modifications especially in combination. Compared with the previously reported [68Ga]Ga-TacBOMB2, the Tle10 and NMe-His12 derived [68Ga]Ga-LW01110 showed retained agonist characteristics and improved GRPR binding affinity (Ki = 7.62 vs 1.39 nM), in vivo stability (12.7 vs 89.0% intact tracer in mouse plasma at 15 min post-injection) and tumor uptake (5.95 vs 16.6 %ID/g at 1 h post-injection).

Conclusions
Unnatural amino acid substitution is an effective strategy to improve in vivo stability and tumor uptake of peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals. With excellent tumor uptake and tumor-to-background contrast, [68Ga]Ga-LW01110 is promising for detecting GRPR-expressing cancer lesions with PET. Since agonists can lead to internalization upon binding to receptors and foreseeable long tumor retention, our optimized GRPR-targeted sequence, [Tle10,NMe-His12,Thz14]Bombesin(7–14), is a promising template for use for the design of GRPR-targeted radiotherapeutic agents.
Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Fazal Zahra A , Avina-Galindo Ana Michelle , Marozoff Shelby , Kwan Jessie , Lu Na , Avina-Zubieta J. Antonio 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Thrombotic events, such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) are a major health complication linked to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of VTE, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), in adults with RA compared to the general population.

Methods
MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched from inception to April 2022 to identify publications meeting the following criteria: (1) prospective and retrospective original data from cohort or case-control studies; (2) pre-specified RA definition; (3) clearly defined VTE outcomes; (4) reported risk estimate and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs); (5) at least sex- and age-matched to comparison group; and (6) English language. Of 372 studies screened, 14 were included (602,760 RA patients, 123,076 VTE events) and their quality was assessed by an adaptation of the STROBE quality scoring scale.

Results
The pooled risk ratios of VTE, DVT and PE in patients with RA were 1.57 (95% CI 1.41–1.76), 1.58 (95% CI 1.26–1.97) and 1.57 (95% CI 1.30–1.88), respectively. The I2 value of 92%, 94% and 92% for VTE, DVT and PE analyses, suggesting considerable heterogeneity. There were no significant differences in risk estimates among the five subgroup analyses: quality score (P = 0.35, I2 = 0%); sex (P = 0.31, I2 = 1.7%); study year (P = 0.81, I2 = 0%); population source (P = 0.35, I2 = 0%); study design (P = 0.62, I2 = 0%).

Conclusions
Results show that patients with RA are at a higher risk of VTE, DVT and PE compared to the general population.
Prevalence of operable intracranial lesions from mild traumatic brain injury in a National Trauma Centre
Authors: Kpuduwei Selekeowei Peter Kespi , Yusuf Ayodeji Salman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) occupies majority of head traumas in most emergency units. Although patients with mild TBI can be reviewed and discharged on head injury advice, a sizeable number require admission for observation or intervention due to operable intracranial lesions. The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of operable lesions in patients with mild TBI.

Materials and methods
This was a prospective study of consecutive adult patients with mild TBI who had cranial computerized tomography (CT) done at the National Trauma Centre, Abuja. All participants gave informed consent and the study had ethical clearance in the Hospital.

Results
One hundred and three mild TBI patients with cranial CTs were recruited aged 16–76 years with mean age of 32.25$$\pm$$
±
12.35 years. With intention to treat, twenty (20.4%) of them were diagnosed with operable intracranial lesions on CT scans, 19 males and 2 females. Majority of them (14; 66.7%) were young adults within 20–40 years of age. The lesions were 16 extradural haematomas (76.2%), 3 subdural haematomas (14.3%) and 2 depressed skull fractures (9.5%) of the operable cohort.

Conclusions
Significant number of patients with mild TBI had operable intracranial lesions. Therefore, there is need to screen patients with mild TBI appropriately in order to avoid missed operable lesions.
Intrusion detection system for controller area network
Authors: Tanksale Vinayak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe rapid expansion of intra-vehicle networks has increased the number of threats to such networks. Most modern vehicles implement various physical and data-link layer technologies. Vehicles are becoming increasingly autonomous and connected. Controller area network (CAN) is a serial bus system that is used to connect sensors and controllers (electronic control units—ECUs) within a vehicle. ECUs vary widely in processing power, storage, memory, and connectivity. The goal of this research is to design, implement, and test an efficient and effective intrusion detection system for intra-vehicle CANs. Classic cryptographic approaches are resource-intensive and increase processing delay, thereby not meeting CAN latency requirements. There is a need for a system that is capable of detecting intrusions in almost real-time with minimal resources. Our research proposes a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to detect anomalies and a decision engine to detect intrusions by using multiple contextual parameters. We have tested our anomaly detection algorithm and our decision engine using data from real automobiles. We present the results of our experiments and analyze our findings. After detailed evaluation of our system, we believe that we have designed a vehicle security solution that meets all the outlined requirements and goals.
Failure investigation of a propped cantilever truss bridge
Authors: Adhikari Rabindra , Bhatt Lalit , Baruwal Rewati , Gautam Dipendra , Rupakhety Rajesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPropped cantilever truss is not a common bridge construction technique. The performance of such bridges under operational and extreme loading is not reported in the literature either. In this paper, failure mechanisms in a propped cantilever truss bridge are reported using field investigation. The field observations are supplemented by numerical analysis to identify the causes of failure. A a systematic account of damage mechanisms in bridge components is also reported. The failure of the Lamgadi Bridge over the Seti River in Nepal is used as a case study example. The loading and construction protocols are detailed, and numerical analysis results are juxtaposed with the field observations to explain the failure mechanisms. Field observations and numerical results show that lack in adequate design is the most likely cause of the bridge collapse. Numerical results also indicate that the roller support at the propped end, unlike the hinged pot bearing used in the as constructed bridge would have been a safer choice. The failure could have been easily prevented with proper numerical simulation of the bridge response during the design phase.
Optimizing nanoparticle attributes for enhanced anti-wear performance in nano-lubricants
Authors: Kulkarni Trishul , Toksha Bhagwan , Autee Arun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study delves into optimizing nanoparticle attributes to enhance the anti-wear performance of nano-lubricants, specifically exploring the influence of nanoparticle material hardness and concentration. Investigating the impact of contamination-induced abrasive wear in lubricants and the subsequent enhancement of anti-wear properties through nanoparticle integration into base oil, the research focuses on, CaCO3, TiO2, and Al2O3 materials representing varied hardness levels. Using ASTM D4172 standards, the study examines the wear resistance of base oil infused with these nanoparticles. Employing a response surface methodology model based on experimental data, the criticality of the interaction between nanoparticle material hardness and concentration in determining wear effects is revealed. Analysis through atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry aids in comprehending alterations in wear mechanisms. The research highlights the nuanced relationship between nanoparticle material hardness and concentration in shaping wear behavior within lubricants. Softer materials, like CaCO3, demand higher concentrations for comparable wear reduction as observed with lower concentrations of harder materials, such as Al2O3. Conversely, higher concentrations of harder materials can exacerbate wear, as confirmed by EDS analysis and surface topography studies. This study underscores the importance of nanoparticle material hardness and concentration interaction in determining the efficacy of nanoparticles as anti-wear agents in lubricants. It emphasizes the need to optimize both factors for enhanced anti-wear properties in nanoparticle-based nano-lubricants, offering insights crucial for their application in practical scenarios.
Mixed-Methods Study of End-of-Life Experiences of Patients With Hematologic Malignancies in Social Hospice Residential Home Care Settings
Authors: Weisse Carol S. , Melekis Kelly , Cheng Alice , Konda Anuja Keerthi , Major Ajay 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE
Hospice is underutilized by patients with hematologic malignancies (HM), and when patients are referred, they are typically more ill, hospitalized, and with shorter length of stay (LOS) than patients with solid tumors (ST), limiting research about home hospice care experiences of patients with HM. In this mixed-methods study, we examined the hospice experiences of patients with HM who died at residential care homes (RCHs), home-based settings in which volunteer caregivers and hospice staff provide end-of-life (EOL) care under the social hospice model.

METHODS
We queried a registry of 535 hospice patients who died at RCHs between 2005 and 2020 that included quantitative medication administration data as well as qualitative data from hospice intake forms and written volunteer caregiver narratives. Qualitative data were analyzed by collective case study methodology. Quantitative comparisons of LOS and liquid morphine use were performed with matched patients with ST.

RESULTS
The registry yielded 29 patients with HM, of whom qualitative data were available for 18 patients. Patients with HM exhibited common EOL symptoms (pain, dyspnea, and agitation). Instances of bleeding were low (22%), and notable HM-specific care concerns were described regarding bone fractures, skin integrity, and delirium. Most (78%) experienced good symptom management and peaceful or comfortable deaths. In only one case were symptoms described as severe and poorly managed. Patients with HM had comparable LOS on hospice and at the RCHs to patients with ST, with no group differences in liquid morphine use.

CONCLUSION
In this registry cohort, most patients with HM achieved good symptom management in home care settings with volunteer caregivers and hospice support. Caregivers may require additional counseling and palliative medications for HM-specific EOL symptoms.
Spontaneous Remission of Acquired Generalized Lipodystrophy Presenting in the Postpartum Period
Authors: Bhatia Ranvir , Chennupathi Prathyusha , Rosenstein Elliot D , Advani Sonoo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGL) is a rare condition characterized by the diffuse loss of adipose tissue resulting in hyperglycemia, severe insulin resistance, and sequelae of metabolic disease. Here, we report the case of a 32-year-old woman who developed uncontrolled hyperglycemia and significant weight loss within 2 months postpartum. Upon endocrine evaluation, she was found to have generalized loss of adiposity, hypoleptinemia, and persistent hyperglycemia despite aggressive insulin administration. Glycemic response was obtained with U-500 intramuscular insulin, pioglitazone, and metformin-sitagliptin. At 14 months postpartum, the patient achieved spontaneous remission with normoglycemia off medication and restoration of adipose tissue deposition. Autoimmune workup revealed positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-U1-ribonucleoprotein (anti-U1-RNP) titers, suggestive of an autoimmune etiology to her condition. This case of AGL represents the first reported case of spontaneous remission and the first to develop in the postpartum period.