bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactococcus lactis
SpOx Spontaneous Mutants: a Family of Oxidative-Stress-Resistant Dairy Strains
Authors: Rochat Tatiana , Gratadoux Jean-Jacques , Corthier Gérard , Coqueran Bérard , Nader-Macias Maria-Elena , Gruss Alexandra , Langella Philippe 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACT

Numerous industrial bacteria generate hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
), which may inhibit the growth of other bacteria in mixed ecosystems. We isolated
sp
ontaneous
ox
idative-stress-resistant (SpOx)
Lactococcus lactis
mutants by using a natural selection method with milk-adapted strains on dairy culture medium containing H
2
O
2
. Three SpOx mutants displayed greater H
2
O
2
resistance. One of them, SpOx3, demonstrated better behavior in different oxidative-stress situations: (i) higher long-term survival upon aeration in LM17 and milk and (ii) the ability to grow with H
2
O
2
-producing
Lactobacillus delbrueckii
subsp.
delbrueckii
strains. Furthermore, the transit kinetics of the SpOx3 mutant in the digestive tract of a human flora-associated mouse model was not affected.
Genetically Engineered Wine Yeast Produces a High Concentration of
l
-Lactic Acid of Extremely High Optical Purity
Authors: Saitoh Satoshi , Ishida Nobuhiro , Onishi Toru , Tokuhiro Kenro , Nagamori Eiji , Kitamoto Katsuhiko , Takahashi Haruo 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACT

For mass production of lactic acid, we newly constructed a transgenic wine yeast strain that included six copies of the bovine
l
-lactate dehydrogenase gene on the genome. On fermentation in inexpensive cane juice-based medium,
l
-lactate production of this recombinant reached 122 g/liter and the optical purity was 99.9% or higher.
Mass Outbreak of Food Poisoning Disease Caused by Small Amounts of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins A and H
Authors: Ikeda Tetsuya , Tamate Naoto , Yamaguchi Keiji , Makino Sou-ichi 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACT
It was believed that food poisoning in Osaka in 2000 was due to small amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) in reconstituted milk. Results of this study clearly indicate that SEH was also present in the raw material of reconstituted milk, indicating that the food poisoning was caused by multiple staphylococcal enterotoxins.
Combined Antimicrobial Resistance in
Enterococcus faecium
Isolated from Chickens
Authors: Petsaris Odile , Miszczak Fabien , Gicquel-Bruneau Mireille , Perrin-Guyomard Agnès , Humbert Florence , Sanders Pascal , Leclercq Roland 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACT

Nineteen
E. faecium
strains isolated from chicken caecum samples, collected in slaughterhouses and highly resistant to vancomycin or gentamicin, were coresistant to erythromycin, and/or tetracyclines, and/or streptogramins, and/or avilamycin. Multiple antibiotic resistance was related to the presence in various combinations of
aac(6′)-aph(2")
,
erm
(B),
emtA
,
mef
(A),
tet
(L),
tet
(M), and
vanA
genes.
UV Inactivation of
Cryptosporidium hominis
as Measured in Cell Culture
Authors: Johnson Anne M. , Linden Karl , Ciociola Kristina M. , De Leon Ricardo , Widmer Giovanni , Rochelle Paul A. 
Published: May 2005

ABSTRACT

The
Cryptosporidium
spp. UV disinfection studies conducted to date have used
Cryptosporidium parvum
oocysts. However,
Cryptosporidium hominis
predominates in human cryptosporidiosis infections, so there is a critical need to assess the efficacy of UV disinfection of
C. hominis
. This study utilized cell culture-based methods to demonstrate that
C. hominis
oocysts displayed similar levels of infectivity and had the same sensitivity to UV light as
C. parvum
. Therefore, the water industry can be confident about extrapolating
C. parvum
UV disinfection data to
C. hominis
oocysts.
A novel EB-1/AIDA-1 isoform, AIDA-1c, interacts with the Cajal body protein coilin
Authors: Xu Hongzhi , Hebert Michael D 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

Background
Cajal bodies (CBs) are nuclear suborganelles that play a role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), which are crucial for pre-mRNA splicing. Upon nuclear reentry, Sm-class snRNPs localize first to the CB, where the snRNA moiety of the snRNP is modified. It is not clear how snRNPs target to the CB and are released from this structure after their modification. Coilin, the CB marker protein, may participate in snRNP biogenesis given that it can interact with snRNPs and SMN. SMN is crucial for snRNP assembly and is the protein mutated in the neurodegenerative disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Coilin knockout mice display significant viability problems and altered CB formation. Thus characterization of the CB and its associated proteins will give insight into snRNP biogenesis and clarify the dynamic organization of the nucleus.

Results
In this report, we identify a novel protein isoform of EB-1/AIDA-1, termed AIDA-1c, that interacts with the CB marker protein, coilin. Northern and nested PCR experiments reveal that the AIDA-1c isoform is expressed in brain and several cancer cell lines. Competition binding experiments demonstrate that AIDA-1c competes with SmB' for coilin binding sites, but does not bind SMN. When ectopically expressed, AIDA-1c is predominantly nuclear with no obvious accumulations in CBs. Interestingly, another EB-1/AIDA-1 nuclear isoform, AIDA-1a, does not bind coilin in vivo as efficiently as AIDA-1c. Knockdown of EB-1/AIDA-1 isoforms by siRNA altered Cajal body organization and reduced cell viability.

Conclusion
These data suggest that specific EB-1/AIDA-1 isoforms, such as AIDA-1c, may participate in the regulation of nucleoplasmic coilin protein interactions in neuronal and transformed cells.
A phase I study of hydralazine to demethylate and reactivate the expression of tumor suppressor genes
Authors: Zambrano Pilar , Segura-Pacheco Blanca , Perez-Cardenas Enrique , Cetina Lucely , Revilla-Vazquez Alma , Taja-Chayeb Lucía , Chavez-Blanco Alma , Angeles Enrique , Cabrera Gustavo , Sandoval Karina , Trejo-Becerril Catalina , Chanona-Vilchis Jose , Duenas-González Alfonso 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

Background
The antihypertensive compound hydralazine is a known demethylating agent. This phase I study evaluated the tolerability and its effects upon DNA methylation and gene reactivation in patients with untreated cervical cancer.

Methods
Hydralazine was administered to cohorts of 4 patients at the following dose levels: I) 50 mg/day, II) 75 mg/day, III) 100 mg/day and IV) 150 mg/day. Tumor biopsies and peripheral blood samples were taken the day before and after treatment. The genes APC, MGMT; ER, GSTP1, DAPK, RARβ, FHIT and p16 were evaluated pre and post-treatment for DNA promoter methylation and gene expression by MSP (Methylation-Specific PCR) and RT-PCR respectively in each of the tumor samples. Methylation of the imprinted H19 gene and the "normally methylated" sequence clone 1.2 was also analyzed. Global DNA methylation was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis and cytosine extension assay. Toxicity was evaluated using the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria.

Results
Hydralazine was well tolerated. Toxicities were mild being the most common nausea, dizziness, fatigue, headache and palpitations. Overall, 70% of the pretreatment samples and all the patients had at least one methylated gene. Rates of demethylation at the different dose levels were as follows: 50 mg/day, 40%; 75 mg/day, 52%, 100 mg/day, 43%, and 150 mg/day, 32%. Gene expression analysis showed only 12 informative cases, of these 9 (75%) re-expressed the gene. There was neither change in the methylation status of H19 and clone 1.2 nor changes in global DNA methylation.

Conclusion
Hydralazine at doses between 50 and 150 mg/day is well tolerated and effective to demethylate and reactivate the expression of tumor suppressor genes without affecting global DNA methylation
Early efficacy of CABG care delivery in a low procedure-volume community hospital: operative and midterm results
Authors: Papadimos Thomas J , Habib Robert H , Zacharias Anoar , Schwann Thomas A , Riordan Christopher J , Durham Samuel J , Shah Aamir 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

Background
The Leapfrog Group recommended that coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery should be done at high volume hospitals (>450 per year) without corresponding surgeon-volume criteria. The latter confounds procedure-volume effects substantially, and it is suggested that high surgeon-volume (>125 per year) rather than hospital-volume may be a more appropriate indicator of CABG quality.

Methods
We assessed 3-year isolated CABG morbidity and mortality outcomes at a low-volume hospital (LVH: 504 cases) and compared them to the corresponding Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) national data over the same period (2001–2003). All CABGs were performed by 5 high-volume surgeons (161–285 per year). "Best practice" care at LVH – including effective practice guidelines, protocols, data acquisition capabilities, case review process, dedicated facilities and support personnel – were closely modeled after a high-volume hospital served by the same surgeon-team.

Results
Operative mortality was similar for LVH and STS (OM: 2.38% vs. 2.53%), and the corresponding LVH observed-to-expected mortality (O/E = 0.81) indicated good quality relative to the STS risk model (O/E<1). Also, these results were consistent irrespective of risk category: O/E was 0, 0.9 and 1.03 for very-low risk (<1%), low risk (1–3%) and moderate-to-high risk category (>3%), respectively. Postoperative leg wound infections, ventilator hours, renal dysfunction (no dialysis), and atrial fibrillation were higher for LVH, but hospital stay was not. The unadjusted Kaplan-Meier survival for the LVH cohort was 96%, 94%, and 92% at one, two, and three years, respectively.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that high quality CABG care can be achieved at LVH programs if 1) served by high volume surgeons and 2) patient care procedures similar to those of large programs are implemented. This approach may prove a useful paradigm to ensure high quality CABG care and early efficacy at low volume institutions that wish to comply with the Leapfrog standards.
APF, HB-EGF, and EGF biomarkers in patients with ulcerative vs. non-ulcerative interstitial cystitis
Authors: Zhang Chen-Ou , Li Ze-Liang , Kong Chui-Ze 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

Background
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic bladder disorder, with symptoms including pelvic and or perineal pain, urinary frequency, and urgency. The etiology of IC is unknown, but sensitive and specific biomarkers have been described, including antiproliferative factor (APF), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). However, the relative sensitivity of these biomarkers in ulcerative vs. nonulcerative IC is unknown, and these markers have yet to be validated in another laboratory. We therefore measured these markers in urine from patients with or without Hunner's ulcer, as well as normal controls, patients with bladder cancer, and patients with bacterial cystitis, at the First Hospital of China Medical University.

Methods
Urine specimens were collected from two groups of Chinese IC patients (38 IC patients with Hunner's ulcers, 26 IC patients without Hunner's ulcers), 30 normal controls, 10 bacterial cystitis patients and 10 bladder cancer patients. APF activity was determined by measuring 3H-thymidine incorporation in vitro, and HB-EGF and EGF levels were determined by ELISA.

Results
APF activity (inhibition of thymidine incorporation) was significantly greater in all IC patient urine specimens than in normal control specimens or in specimens from patients with bacterial cystitis or bladder cancer (p < 0.0001 for each comparison). Urine HB-EGF levels were also significantly lower and EGF levels significantly higher in both groups of IC patients than in the three control groups (p < 0.0001 for each comparison). Although APF and HB-EGF levels were similar in ulcerative and nonulcerative IC patients, EGF levels were significantly higher in IC patients with vs. without ulcers (p < 0.004).

Conclusion
These findings indicate that APF, HB-EGF and EGF are good biomarkers for both ulcerative and nonulcerative IC and validate their measurement as biomarkers for IC in Chinese patients.
A portable near infrared spectroscopy system for bedside monitoring of newborn brain
Authors: Bozkurt Alper , Rosen Arye , Rosen Harel , Onaral Banu 
Published: May 2005

Abstract

Background
Newborns with critical health conditions are monitored in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). In NICU, one of the most important problems that they face is the risk of brain injury. There is a need for continuous monitoring of newborn's brain function to prevent any potential brain injury. This type of monitoring should not interfere with intensive care of the newborn. Therefore, it should be non-invasive and portable.

Methods
In this paper, a low-cost, battery operated, dual wavelength, continuous wave near infrared spectroscopy system for continuous bedside hemodynamic monitoring of neonatal brain is presented. The system has been designed to optimize SNR by optimizing the wavelength-multiplexing parameters with special emphasis on safety issues concerning burn injuries. SNR improvement by utilizing the entire dynamic range has been satisfied with modifications in analog circuitry.

Results and Conclusion
As a result, a shot-limited SNR of 67 dB has been achieved for 10 Hz temporal resolution. The system can operate more than 30 hours without recharging when an off-the-shelf 1850 mAh-7.2 V battery is used. Laboratory tests with optical phantoms and preliminary data recorded in NICU demonstrate the potential of the system as a reliable clinical tool to be employed in the bedside regional monitoring of newborn brain metabolism under intensive care.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the gallbladder
Authors: Behranwala Kasim A , Straker Peter , Wan Andrew , Fisher Cyril , Thompson Jeremy N 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a benign, nonmetastasizing proliferation of myofibroblasts with a potential for local infiltration, recurrence and persistent local growth.

Case report
We report a case of a 51 year-old female, who had excision of a gallbladder tumour. Histopathology showed it to be IMT of the gallbladder.

Conclusion
The approach to these tumours should be primarily surgical resection to obtain a definitive diagnosis and relieve symptoms. IMT has a potential for local infiltration, recurrence and persistent local growth.
The not-for-profit form and translational research: Kerr revisited?
Authors: Joiner Keith A 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTranslational research conducted in academic health centers is confounded by the organizational structure in which the work is performed. Investigators must obtain research funding and appropriate recognition as a part of a research team in a not-for-profit environment which has more readily rewarded basic work, and individual accomplishments. What results is a unique form of conflict of interest, best understood by relating the basic principles underlying the not-for-profit form to the conduct of translational research in the AHC setting.
Inactivation of HIV-1 in breast milk by treatment with the alkyl sulfate microbicide sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
Authors: Urdaneta Sandra , Wigdahl Brian , Neely Elizabeth B , Berlin Cheston M , Schengrund Cara-Lynne , Lin Hung-Mo , Howett Mary K 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBackgroundReducing transmission of HIV-1 through breast milk is needed to help decrease the burden of pediatric HIV/AIDS in society. We have previously reported that alkyl sulfates (i.e., sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) are microbicidal against HIV-1 at low concentrations, are biodegradable, have little/no toxicity and are inexpensive. Therefore, they may be used for treatment of HIV-1 infected breast milk. In this report, human milk was artificially infected by adding to it HIV-1 (cell-free or cell-associated) and treated with ≤1% SDS (≤10 mg/ml). Microbicidal treatment was at 37°C or room temperature for 10 min. SDS removal was performed with a commercially available resin. Infectivity of HIV-1 and HIV-1 load in breast milk were determined after treatment.ResultsSDS (≥0.1%) was virucidal against cell-free and cell-associated HIV-1 in breast milk. SDS could be substantially removed from breast milk, without recovery of viral infectivity. Viral load in artificially infected milk was reduced to undetectable levels after treatment with 0.1% SDS. SDS was virucidal against HIV-1 in human milk and could be removed from breast milk if necessary. Milk was not infectious after SDS removal.ConclusionThe proposed treatment concentrations are within reported safe limits for ingestion of SDS by children of 1 g/kg/day. Therefore, use of alkyl sulfate microbicides, such as SDS, to treat HIV1-infected breast milk may be a novel alternative to help prevent/reduce transmission of HIV-1 through breastfeeding.
Mechanisms of lipid malabsorption in Cystic Fibrosis: the impact of essential fatty acids deficiency
Authors: Peretti N , Marcil V , Drouin E , Levy E 
Published: May 2005

AbstractTransport mechanisms, whereby alimentary lipids are digested and packaged into small emulsion particles that enter intestinal cells to be translocated to the plasma in the form of chylomicrons, are impaired in cystic fibrosis. The purpose of this paper is to focus on defects that are related to intraluminal and intracellular events in this life-limiting genetic disorder. Specific evidence is presented to highlight the relationship between fat malabsorption and essential fatty acid deficiency commonly found in patients with cystic fibrosis that are often related to the genotype. Given the interdependency of pulmonary disease, pancreatic insufficiency and nutritional status, greater attention should be paid to the optimal correction of fat malabsorption and essential fatty acid deficiency in order to improve the quality of life and extend the life span of patients with cystic fibrosis.
Designing a HER2/neupromoter to drive α1,3galactosyltransferase expression for targeted anti-αGal antibody-mediated tumor cell killing
Authors: Lanteri Marion , Ollier Laurence , Giordanengo Valérie , Lefebvre Jean-Claude 
Published: May 2005

Abstract
Introduction
Our goal was to specifically render tumor cells susceptible to natural cytolytic anti-αGal antibodies by using a murine α1,3galactosyltransferase (mαGalT) transgene driven by a designed form of HER2/neu promoter (pNeu), the transcription of which is frequently observed to be above basal in breast tumors. Indeed, the αGalT activity that promotes Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc-R (αGal) epitope expression has been mutationally disrupted during the course of evolution, starting from Old World primates, and this has led to the counter-production of large amounts of cytotoxic anti-αGal antibodies in recent primates, including man.

Method
Expression of the endogenous c-erbB-2 gene was investigated in various cell lines by northern blotting. A mαGalT cDNA was constructed into pcDNA3 vector downstream of the original CMV promoter (pCMV/mαGalT) and various forms of pNeu were prepared by PCR amplification and inserted in the pCMV/mαGalT construct upstream of the mαGalT cDNA, in the place of the CMV promoter. These constructs were transferred into HEK-293 control and breast tumor cell lines. Stably transfected cells were analyzed by northern blotting for their expression of αGalT and c-erbB-2, and by flow cytometry for their binding with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Griffonia simplicifolia/isolectin B4.

Results
We show that expression of the mαGalT was up- or down-modulated according to the level of endogenous pNeu activity and the particular form of constructed pNeu. Among several constructs, two particular forms of the promoter, pNeu250 containing the CCAAT box and the PEA3 motif adjacent to the TATAA box, and pNeu664, which has three additional PEA3 motifs upstream of the CCAAT box, were found to promote differential αGalT expression.

Conclusion
Our results strengthen current concepts about the crucial role played by the proximal PEA3 motif of pNeu, and may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the development of targeted transgene expression.
Fatality after deliberate ingestion of the pesticide rotenone: a case report
Authors: Wood David Michael , Alsahaf Hadi , Streete Peter , Dargan Paul Ivor , Jones Alison Linda 
Published: May 2005

AbstractRotenone is a pesticide derived from the roots of plants from the Leguminosae family. Poisoning following deliberate ingestion of these plant roots has commonly been reported in Papua New Guinea. However, poisoning with commercially available rotenone in humans has been reported only once previously following accidental ingestion in a 3.5-year-old child. Therefore, the optimal management of rotenone poisoning is not known. After deliberate ingestion of up to 200 ml of a commercially available 0.8% rotenone solution, a 47-year-old female on regular metformin presented with a reduced level of consciousness, metabolic acidosis and respiratory compromise. Metformin was not detected in premortem blood samples obtained. Despite intensive supportive management, admission to an intensive care unit, and empirical use of N-acetylcysteine and antioxidant therapy, she did not survive. Poisoning with rotenone is uncommon but is potentially fatal because this agent inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In vitro cell studies have shown that rotenone-induced toxicity is reduced by the use of N-acetylcysteine, antioxidants and potassium channel openers. However, no animal studies have been reported that confirm these findings, and there are no previous reports of attempted use of these agents in patients with acute rotenone-induced toxicity.