bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein extraction for two‐dimensional electrophoresis from olive leaf, a plant tissue containing high levels of interfering compounds
Authors: Wang Wei , Scali Monica , Vignani Rita , Spadafora Antonia , Sensi Elisabetta , Mazzuca Silvia , Cresti Mauro 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to establish a routine procedure for the application of proteomic analysis to olive tree. Olive leaf tissue is notoriously recalcitrant to common protein extraction methods due to high levels of interfering compounds. We developed a protocol for isolating proteins suitable for two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2‐DE) from olive leaf. The remarkable characteristics of the protocol include: (i) additional grinding dry acetone powder of leaf tissue to a finer extent, (ii) after extensive organic solvent washes to remove pigments, lipids etc., using aqueous tricholoroacetic acid washes to remove water‐soluble contaminants, and (iii) phenol extraction of proteins in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The final protein preparation is free of interfering compounds based on its well‐resolved 2‐DE patterns. The protocol can be completed within 3 h, and protein yield is approximately 2.49 mg⋅g−1 of aged leaf. We also evaluated the protocol by immunoblotting with anti‐tyrosinate α‐tubulin antibody. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a protocol for protein extraction from olive leaf appears to give satisfactory and reproducible results. The protocol is expected to be applicable to other recalcitrant plant tissues and could be of interest to laboratories involved in plant proteomics.
Electrophoretic analysis of the cleaved form of serpin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen‐1 in normal and malignant squamous epithelial tissues
Authors: Nawata Shugo , Nakamura Kazuyuki , Hirakawa Hiroshi , Sueoka Kotaro , Emoto Tomoko , Murakami Akihiro , Umayahara Kenji , Ogata Hidenobu , Suminami Yoshinori , Numa Fumitaka , Kato Hiroshi 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to detect the cleaved form of serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen‐1 in normal and malignant squamous epithelial tissues, which implies the presence of its target proteinase. The cleaved SCC antigen‐1 in normal squamous epithelium was identified as a single spot with pI 6.35 and Mr 40 000 by two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2‐DE) combined with immunoblotting. Interestingly, the cleaved form showed different biochemical properties in heat stability or immunoreactivity with a monoclonal antibody for SCC antigen (Mab 426) compared to intact SCC antigen‐1. Furthermore, sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) analysis of tissue extracts showed an abundant 40 kDa band of cleaved SCC antigen‐1 in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue. Among the potential target proteinase of SCC antigen‐1, immunoblotting analyses revealed that cathepsin L2 was remarkably overexpressed in tumor tissue, while cathepsin L was expressed in both normal and tumor tissues. These findings indicate that SCC antigen‐1 interacts with specific endogenous proteinases such as cathepsins L and L2 in physiological and pathological states of squamous epithelium.
Estimation of the optimal electrophoretic temperature of DNA single‐strand conformation polymorphism by DNA base composition
Authors: Li Wei , Gao Feng , Liang Junlin , Li Chensheng , Zhang Haitian , Tang Zongjiang , Chen Lisheng , Jin Qi , Tang Weizhong 
Published: July 2003

AbstractTo explore the relation between DNA base composition and the optimal single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) electrophoretic temperature (Ts), we analyzed DNA base composition and Ts of 24 DNA fragments from different genes and found that Ts was positively correlative with the ratio of base C/base A. Ts could be estimated by the formula Ts = [80×C/(A+1)]/{2.71 + [C/(A+1)]}. Ts could be increased dramatically by the complementary sequences in both 5'‐and 3'‐ends of a DNA single‐strand.
Determining eosin as a groundwater migration tracer by capillary electrophoresis/laser‐induced fluorescence using a multiwavelength laser
Authors: Brumley William C. , Farley John W. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractMeasurements for determining of the path of groundwater migration remain an important tool in the overall assessment of environmental processes and transport of pollutants. This paper examines a multiwavelength laser for the determination of eosin, a groundwater tracer, using capillary electrophoresis/laser‐induced fluorescence (CE‐LIF) at excitation wavelength 514.5 nm. Eosin was one of four dyes used in a study of adjacent resource conservation and recovery act (RCRA) and Superfund sites (created by the comprehensive environmental response, compensation, and liability act) that routinely relied on spectrofluorimetry for determination as we have previously reported. However, the improved specificity of CE‐LIF is further illustrated in this work applied to the analysis of adsorbent pads placed in monitoring wells after dye injection and flushing from injection wells. The multiwavelength laser provided the capability to analyze for several dyes with one laser. The advantages/disadvantages of CE‐LIF versus spectrofluorimetry are discussed. Spectrofluorimetry is fast and sensitive and will likely continue to be the primary workhorse technique. CE‐LIF could provide confirmation when greater specificity is needed in a regulatory context.
Drosophila S3 ribosomal protein accelerates repair of 8‐oxoguanine performed by human and mouse cell extracts
Authors: Cappelli Enrico , D'Osualdo Andrea , Bogliolo Massimo , Kelley Mark R. , Frosina Guido 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThe S3 ribosomal protein of Drosophila melanogaster possesses various DNA repair activities, including the capacity to incise at apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites and 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydroguanine (8‐oxoG) residues. We have recently hypothesized that this multifunctional protein may improve the efficiency of DNA base excision repair (BER) in mammalian cells. We have investigated the effect of pure GST‐tagged Drosophila S3 on BER of different endogenous lesions performed by human and mouse cell extracts. Drosophila S3 significantly accelerated the BER of 8‐oxoG (initiated by the bifunctional glycosylase OGG1). The stimulating effect was linked to the capacity of S3 to remove the 8‐oxoG lesion and cleave the resulting AP site, rather than acceleration of downstream steps of the BER pathway (e.g., removal of 3′ blocking fragments). No stimulating effect was observed on the BER of uracil, natural AP sites, and β‐lyase‐cleaved AP sites. Heterologous expression of Drosophila S3 may be used to enhance 8‐oxoG repair in human cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 42:50–58, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitation of aberrant interlocus T‐cell receptor rearrangements in mouse thymocytes and the effect of the herbicide 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Authors: Knapp Geremy W. , Setzer R. Woodrow , Fuscoe James C. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractSmall studies in human populations have suggested a correlation between the frequency of errors in antigen receptor gene assembly and lymphoid malignancy risk. In particular, agricultural workers exposed to pesticides have both an increased risk for lymphoma and an increased frequency of errors in antigen receptor gene assembly. In order to further investigate the potential of such errors to serve as a mechanistically based biomarker of lymphoid cancer risk, we have developed a sensitive PCR assay for quantifying errors of V(D)J recombination in the thymocytes of mice. This assay measures interlocus rearrangements between two T‐cell receptor loci, V‐gamma and J‐beta, located on chromosomes 13 and 6, respectively. The baseline frequency in four strains of mice was determined at several ages (2–8 weeks of age) and was found to be stable at ∼1.5 × 10‐5 per thymocyte. Strain AKR, which has a high susceptibility to T‐cell lymphomas, did not show an elevated frequency of aberrant V(D)J events. We used this assay to examine the effects of the herbicide 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) on the frequency of these events. Female B6C3F1 mice, 27 days of age, were exposed to 2,4‐D by gavage at doses of 0, 3, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/day for 4 successive days and sacrificed on day 5. Thymus DNA was isolated and examined for illegitimate V(D)J recombination‐mediated gene rearrangements. In addition, pregnant mice were exposed to 2,4‐D and thymocytes from the offspring examined at 2 weeks of age. No significant increase in aberrant V(D)J rearrangements was found, indicating that under these conditions 2,4‐D does not appear to effect this important mechanism of carcinogenesis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 42: 37–43, 2003. Published 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of transcriptome profiles for the DNA‐damaging agents bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells
Authors: Seidel Shawn D. , Kan H. Lynn , Stott William T. , Schisler Melissa R. , Gollapudi B. Bhaskar 
Published: July 2003

AbstractIt is believed that some aspects of genotoxicity are associated with changes in the transcription levels of certain genes, especially those involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control. Additionally, it is hypothesized that chemicals sharing a common mode of genotoxicity should exhibit similar changes in gene expression. We have evaluated these hypotheses by analyzing transcriptome profiles of mouse lymphoma L5178Y/TK+/− cells treated with bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide, two mutagens that produce genotoxicity by generating reactive free radicals. The cells were treated for 4 hr and RNA was isolated at the end of the treatment and after a 20 hr recovery. Transcriptome analyses were performed using the Clontech Mouse 1.2K cDNA microarray (1,185 genes) and hybridization with a 32[P]‐labeled probe. Of the genes examined, each mutagen altered the expression (1.5‐fold or greater) of only two genes after the 4 hr treatment. In cells allowed to recover for 20 hr after treatment, bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide altered the expression of 8 and 5 genes, respectively. Many of the altered genes have some association with apoptosis. Of these genes, three (the genes encoding granzyme A, integrin beta 7, and 45 kDa calcium‐binding protein precursor) were in common between chemical treatments. The expression of DNA repair and cell cycle controlling genes present on the array was not affected by the treatments. These results show that bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide both have unique and commonly regulated genes that have the potential to serve as biomarkers of exposure to agents causing DNA damage by free radical mechanisms. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 42:19–25, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of mutagenicity and calf thymus DNA adducts formed by the particulate and semivolatile fractions of vehicle exhausts
Authors: Pohjola Sanna K. , Lappi Maija , Honkanen Markku , Savela Kirsti 
Published: July 2003

AbstractIn this study we compared the ability of extractable organic material from particulate and semivolatile fractions of gasoline emission to induce mutations in bacteria and form adducts with calf thymus (CT) DNA with corresponding data obtained from diesel exhaust. Exhaust particles from gasoline‐powered passenger cars were collected on filters and semivolatile compounds were collected on polyurethane foam (PUF). The mutagenicity of the soluble organic fraction (SOF) was determined in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and the DNA binding of aromatic compounds in the extracts was assessed by in vitro incubations with CT DNA and rat liver S9 (oxidative activation) or xanthine oxidase (reductive activation) followed by butanol‐enhanced 32P‐postlabeling analysis. Semivolatile fractions of gasoline emission collected on PUF formed more CT DNA adducts than filter extracts under all reaction conditions, but showed a lower mutagenic potential than the corresponding particulate samples. This suggests that the capacity of PUF to collect exhaust particle‐derived compounds and/or the efficiency of xanthine oxidase and enzymes in the rat liver S9 to activate these compounds to DNA binding metabolites was higher than expected. Gasoline extracts, benzo[a]pyrene and diesel particulate matter (SRM 1650) formed more S9‐mediated DNA adducts as their dose increased, although a linear dose–response was not observed for the gasoline exhausts. Lower concentrations of gasoline and diesel extracts bound to DNA with greater efficiency than did 8‐fold higher doses, suggesting complex interactions and/or an inhibition of S9 enzyme activities by the high doses. Diesel extracts formed higher levels of adducts than gasoline extracts, especially with the reductive activation system, suggesting that diesel extracts contain high levels of nitro‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro‐PAHs). The higher direct‐acting Salmonella mutagenicity in diesel extracts in comparison with gasoline extracts is consistent with diesel extracts containing higher concentrations of nitro‐PAHs. The results of this study indicate that diesel extracts are more mutagenic and form more DNA adducts than gasoline extracts and that the effects of extract dose on DNA adduct formation are complex. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 42:26–36, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Basic consultation requirements of NAGPRA for federal land managers: What's a manager to do?
Authors: Wilde James D. , Brown Clifford 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThis article introduces the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act of 1990 (NAGPRA)
and outlines basic compliance procedures for most federal agency land managers. NAGPRA is actually civil rights
law, but federal cultural or natural resource managers generally are assigned responsibility for NAGPRA compliance
within affected agencies. The Act deals only with “NAGPRA objects,” defined in NAGPRA as Native
American human remains, funerary objects, sacred objects, and objects of cultural patrimony. NAGPRA has three
basic parts. The first deals with collections under federal control or in museums prior to 1990. The second deals
with intentional removal or inadvertent discovery of NAGPRA objects. The third deals with criminal penalties for
illegal trafficking in NAGPRA objects. This article addresses only the first two parts, with the primary focus on
the second part; that is, processes required and recommended for intentional removal and inadvertent
discovery of NAGPRA objects on federal lands. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Health risk assessment at the Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center industrial wastewater treatment facility
Authors: Hall Freddie E. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractDuring production and maintenance operations at the Oklahoma City Air Logistics Center
(OC‐ALC), industrial wastewater streams are generated which contain organic compounds
(primarily phenol and methylene chloride). These streams result from both direct and indirect contact
with organic compounds via chemical depainting operations, chemical cleaning processes, and electroplating
operations. Organic materials in the combined wastewater are treated at the on‐site industrial wastewater
treatment facility (IWTF) with unit processes including open surface basins. Some of these treatment
processes result in the release of semi‐volatile and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the
wastewater to the ambient air. Because emitted VOCs can create potential health risks for treatment facility
workers and the general public in the immediate surrounding areas, Tinker AFB is required to quantify (and
report) VOCs released into the atmosphere. Such regulatory reporting can encompass identifying VOC emission
sources, estimating emissions from the IWTF, quantifying ambient air concentrations surrounding the facility via
dispersion modeling, and evaluating computer‐generated numerical concentration estimates with respect to
discontinuous field data and an open‐path optical remote monitoring system. The focus of this paper is to
identify and quantify health risks associated with phenol and methylene chloride releases surrounding the IWTF. The
risk assessment will include calculation of an equivalent human dose (based on animal mortality studies),
the maximum risk for individuals in the general population, excess number of cases of cancer, the average excess
number of cases of cancer generated per year, and loss of life expectancy for the general population. © 2003
Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An updated cost study for enhanced sludge washing of radioactive waste
Authors: DeMuth Scott F. , Thayer Gary R. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThis article updates previous cost savings studies conducted to evaluate the use of enhanced sludge washing
(ESW) of high‐level radioactive waste at the United States Department of Energy Hanford Site.
The cost savings estimate was updated using stochastic analysis based on new information from the Independent
Review of Hanford High Level Waste Volume and the more recent Tank Waste Remediation System Operation and
Utilization Plan. It is estimated that implementation of ESW in the tank waste remediation system
(TWRS) at the Hanford Site can save approximately $4.8 billion compared to the use of an
alternative, simpler water wash. The simpler water wash dissolution was found to be 85 percent as effective as
the ESW dissolution. Further, the updated remediation cost estimate of $4.8 billion savings is uncertain
only within ±$1.6 billion at the 95 percent confidence interval. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc. Reprinted from Remediation Volume 12, Number 2.
EMS success story at Naval Air Station in Willow Grove, Pennsylvania: How an EIMS supports effective EMS implementation
Authors: Turner Russell , Greco Paul 
Published: July 2003

AbstractThis is a success story about a U.S. Navy concurrent implementation of an ISO 14001 environmental management
system (EMS) and a World Wide Web (Web)‐based environmental information management
system (EIMS) under a pilot program at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base (NASJRB) in
Willow Grove, Pennsylvania. The EIMS is a unique approach within DOD to take advantage of Knowledge Management
(i.e., the collaborative sharing of work products, data, procedures, reports, and communications to make
better business decisions faster).The challenge of complying with Executive Order (E.O.) 13148, requiring EMS implementation by
October 2005, was complemented by the desire to capture and leverage knowledge to improve systems accuracy,
reliability, and accessibility so business decisions could be made better and faster. Working with the NASJRB
Willow Grove Environmental Division, the project team developed a concurrent approach to the EMS and EIMS
implementation as a pilot program for the U.S. Navy Reserve Force Command (COMNAVRESFOR) based in New
Orleans, Louisiana. The EMS implementation followed the approach used by industry to comply with ISO 14001.
Modifications to a typical ISO 14001 EMS implementation approach were made to adapt to Navy
chain‐of‐command issues and to comply with a well‐developed institutional environmental
program (Navy Operations Instructions and Regulations‐OPNAVINST 5090.1B).The EIMS consists of several components housed in one moderately powerful Web server at the Air Station. One
part of the system taps unwieldy “legacy” databases to prepare routine and ad hoc management reports
for users on demand via a simple Web browser approach. Another component of the EIMS consists of a
knowledge‐based decision support system using commercial‐off‐the‐shelf
(COTS) software to perform Environmental Division task assignment and tracking, project financial
control, document management, and scheduling/planning on a shared calendar. Information housed in the EIMS,
including administrative/management functions, is available to Environmental Division employees and can be
made available to collaborators and higher level Command users over the Internet using simple Web browser access.
© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transitory real‐time property rights and exchange intellectual property
Authors: Webb Robert I. 
Published: July 2003

AbstractAmerican exchanges own the price quotations they generate. Access to real‐time price information is
highly valued by most market participants. This enables exchanges to exact royalties from the sale of such
market information. In this sense, an exchange's ownership of its price quotations is akin to owning a
property right in a perishable commodity (i.e., fresh market price quotations) that
is most valuable for only a transitory or limited period of time. The implications of exchange
ownership of price data extend beyond financial markets. Recently, Woodard (2000) has noted that some
internet auction operators have asserted ownership over the prices they generate. This study reviews the legal
origin and nature of the property right to price quotations generated on U.S. futures exchanges and assesses
whether exchange ownership should be transitory. The legal basis for transitory real‐time (real and
personal) property rights is discussed and the economic implications are considered. © 2003 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:891–913, 2003
MLL/SEPTIN6 chimeric transcript from inv ins(X;11)(q24;q23q13) in acute monocytic leukemia: Report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Kim Hee‐Jin , Ki Chang‐Seok , Park Quehn , Koo Hong‐Hoe , Yoo Keon‐Hee , Kim Eun‐Jeong , Kim Sun‐Hee 
Published: July 2003

AbstractRearrangements of the MLL gene on chromosome 11, band q23, are one of the most common genetic changes in acute leukemia. Reciprocal translocation is the most common form of MLL rearrangement, and the partner genes in MLL translocation are notably diverse. Involvement of the SEPTIN6 gene on Xq24 in MLL rearrangements occurs very rarely, with only six cases having been documented in the literature. Of note, the MLL/SEPTIN6 rearrangements in these cases were cryptic or complex, and it was shown that the 5′‐MLL/SEPTIN6‐3′ transcript resides on the derivative X chromosome rather than on the derivative chromosome 11 as in the majority of cases of MLL translocations. These observations suggested that MLL and SEPTIN6 reside on their respective chromosome loci in reverse orientation, that is, centromere‐to‐telomere and telomere‐to‐centromere, respectively. We here report a case of acute monocytic leukemia with inv ins(X;11)(q24;q23q13) in a 29‐month‐old child. Fluorescence in situ hybridization study revealed the break‐apart 5′‐MLL segment to be translocated to the derivative X chromosome, and reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing analysis confirmed the 5′‐MLL/SEPTIN6‐3′ chimeric transcript. This case is the first to provide direct cytogenetic evidence for the salient nature of the MLL/SEPTIN6 rearrangement. We reviewed clinical and cytogenetic features of all cases of 11q23 and Xq22–24 rearrangements reported up to now, including six cases where the involvement of the SEPTIN6 gene was confirmed by molecular techniques. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.