bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level and influencing factors of transition shock among new nurses in China: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yao Lili , Chen Jie , Zhao Qinghua , Bai Dingqun , Li Yuerong , Xiao Mingzhao , Du Yanhui , Liu Ling 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsNew nurses are an important part of nursing teams. The failure of new nurses to successfully transition seriously affects personal career development and nursing work quality, and important influencing factors deserve the attention of nursing managers. At present, multicenter, large‐sample investigations of transition shock among new nurses are lacking in China. This study aims to investigate the current level and influencing factors of transition shock among new nurses in China.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cross‐sectional study with 3414 new nurses from 16 provinces in 7 regions in China from October 22, 2021, to November 8, 2021. We used the snowball sampling method and an online questionnaire produced by the researchers to collect data; the questionnaire included questions on demographic information, a transition shock scale for new nurses and open‐ended questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.ResultsThe effective response rate of this study was 97.89%, with 3342 effective participants from 189 hospitals in China, most of whom were female (94.88%). The study showed that the transition shock of new nurses in China was at a moderate level, with pre‐job anxiety, unsatisfactory welfare treatment, resignation intention, adverse events, poor sleep quality, 1 or fewer exercise sessions per week, inability to balance work and life, and gluttony negatively affecting the transition shock of new nurses in China. Psychological shock was the strongest among the four dimensions of transition shock.ConclusionsThe transition shock of new nurses, especially their psychological shock, deserves more attention from international society. Nursing managers should continue to take supportive measures to intervene in the factors influencing transition shock, with the aim of reducing the level of transition for new nurses, promoting their personal thriving, improving the quality of nursing work and increasing the retention rate of nurses.
The onset of anisotropic Darcy–Brinkman penetrative convection with local thermal nonequilibrium due to heat generation and extraction
Authors: Nandal Reena 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAn anisotropic, fluid‐saturated porous medium with local thermal nonequilibrium is the subject of this paper's analysis of the stability of the commencement of convection caused by internal heat generation. The classical Darcy's momentum equation is applied with the Brinkman model. To observe the thermal instabilities in the fluid layer, it is assumed that there is steady heat extraction through the bottom boundary and constant heat generation inside the fluid layer. The critical internal Darcy Rayleigh and associated wave numbers are computed using linear instability and energy approaches using the Chebyshev pseudospectral method to determine the existence of instability or otherwise. The fluid layer becomes unstratified as a result of heat generation inside the fluid, which encourages the occurrence of any subcritical instability. The critical Darcy–Rayleigh number has been found to be significantly influenced by a number of parameters, including the anisotropy parameter, internal heat parameter, porosity‐modified conductivity ratio, inter‐phase heat transfer parameter, and Darcy–Brinkman number.
Complex canopy structures control tree transpiration: A study based on 3D modelling in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Röll Alexander , Kang Tongming , Hahn Peter , Ahongshangbam Joyson , Ellsäßer Florian , Hendrayanto  , Sharma Puja , Wintz Thorge , Hölscher Dirk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTropical rainforests are rich in tree species and comprise complex canopy structures. Transpiration by forest trees is a major hydrological flux which contributes to climate regulation. We explored the role of forest canopy structure on tree transpiration in a tropical rainforest on Sumatra, Indonesia. Drone‐based photogrammetry and the structure from motion technique were used to compute high‐resolution 3D point clouds and derive forest and tree structural variables. Transpiration of differently sized and vertically positioned trees was assessed with sap flux measurements. Per‐tree transpiration rates increased linearly with several variables related to crown dimension and were further enhanced by top‐heavy crown shape, dense leafage and increasing canopy openness as assessed with the gap light index. Under given environmental conditions, the two variables crown volume and top‐heaviness explained 74% of the observed variance in per‐tree transpiration. Transpiration rates per unit crown dimension were highest for small crowns, decreased non‐linearly with increasing crown dimension and were little affected by other analysed structural variables. Our study underlines the potential of 3D point cloud analyses for accurately determining the structure of complex forest canopies and thus better understanding and predicting transpiration rates of differently positioned trees.
The turning of ecological change in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Gu Tonghui , Guan Xiaodan , Huang Jianping , Shen Xiaohan , Huang Xiaoqian , Zhang Guolong , Han Dongliang , Fu Li , Nie Junsheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe Yellow River Basin (YRB) as a source of the oldest world cultures, flows through vast arid and semi‐arid regions of China. Its fragile vegetation is suffering the obvious effect from regional climate change, and easily turns from a critical state into qualitatively different modes of change, which implies significant impacts on humans and ecosystems. Our results show that in the period of 1982–2015, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) appeared significantly discontinuous changes by stagnant warming and strengthening wetting, especially in the central YRB (104.5°–111° E, 35.5°–38° N). The NDVI in this region shifted from slowly increasing (5.42 × 10−4 a−1) to rapidly increasing (5.13 × 10−3 a−1) around 2003, called the turning point (TP). Such shift change is mainly a result of increased moderate rain, with frequency trend changed from 0.083 times·a−1 to 0.324 times·a−1. Meanwhile, these changes on vegetation led to a reversal of the gross primary productivity (GPP) from decreasing to increasing. Such results indicated the vulnerable ecosystem of the central YRB has played a positive contribution to the carbon balance, and more sustainable management of vegetation is required for the ecological development and engaging adaptive strategy.
Does brand capital improve stock liquidity? Evidence from China
Authors: Majeed Muhammad Ansar , Ullah Irfan , Tariq Samia , Ahsan Tanveer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how brand capital affects stock market liquidity. We posit that brand capital improves the corporate information environment, enhances competitiveness, and increases firm visibility ultimately resulting in higher stock liquidity. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms, we find a positive relationship between brand capital and stock liquidity. Further analyses show that the effect of brand capital is more pronounced for firms with low media coverage and analyst following. Moreover, the effect of brand capital on stock liquidity is significant for non‐state‐owned enterprises. Our mechanism analyses also confirm that brand capital plays an informational role by effectively mitigating information asymmetry and adverse selection, leading to higher stock liquidity. Our study provides the first evidence of the nexus between brand capital and stock liquidity and extends the literature on the capital market implications of brand capital.
Effect of acute histologic chorioamnionitis on bronchopulmonary dysplasia and mortality rate among extremely low gestational age neonates: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Costa Simonetta , Fattore Simona , De Santis Marco , Lanzone Antonio , Spanu Teresa , Arena Vincenzo , Tana Milena , Trapani Mariarita , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Barnea Eytan R. , Vento Giovanni 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether acute histologic chorioamnionitis (HCA) diagnosed in the placenta may be associated with an increased occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death among extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGAN).MethodsThis Italian single‐center case–control retrospective study involved ELGAN admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 2019 and June 2022. Infants born from pregnant women with acute and severe HCA, identified as stage ≥2 and grade 2 HCA, (HCA‐infants) were compared with infants of pregnant women without chorioamnionitis or with stage 1, grade 1 chorioamnionitis (no‐HCA‐infants).ResultsAmong 101 eligible ELGAN, 63 infants had complete clinical and histologic data relevant to the study: thirty infants were included in the HCA‐infants group and 33 in the no‐HCA‐infants group. Neonatal and maternal demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups. Infants born from mothers with acute and severe HCA had significantly higher occurrence of composite BPD or death (18 [60%] vs. 9 [27%]; P = 0.012), as well as higher incidence of severe forms of BPD (6 [30%] vs. 2 [6%]; P = 0.045). In multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for confounding covariates, HCA was an independent risk factor for BPD or death (OR, 4.49; 95% CI: 1.47–13.71).ConclusionsThis is the first study showing that in utero exposure to acute and severe HCA is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of composite BPD or death among ELGAN.
Ground and excited state charge transfer at aqueous nanodiamonds
Authors: Kirschbaum Thorren , Wang Xiangfei , Bande Annika 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanodiamonds (NDs) are unique carbonaceous materials with exceptionally high stability, hardness, and notable electronic properties. Their applications in photocatalysis, biomedicine, and energy materials are usually carried out in aqueous environments, where they interact with aqueous adsorbates. Especially, electron density may rearrange from the diamond material toward oxidative adsorbates such as oxygen, which is known as charge transfer doping. In this article, we quantify the charge transfer doping for NDs with inhomogeneous surface coverings (hydroxyl, fluorine, and amorphous carbon), as well as NDs doped with heteroatoms (B, Si, N) using hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The transfer doping magnitude is largely determined by the NDs' highest occupied molecular orbital energies, which can in turn be modified by the surface covering and doping. However, local modifications of the ND structures do not have any local effects on the magnitude of the charge transfer. We furthermore analyze the impact of aqueous adsorbates on the excited states of an aqueous ND in the context of photocatalysis via time‐dependent DFT. Here, we find that the excited electrons are biased to move in the direction of the respective oxidative adsorbate. Surprisingly, we find that also unreactive species such as nitrous oxide may attract the excited electrons, which is probably due to the positive partial charge that is induced by the local NO solvation geometry.
Comparative study of female pelvic floor among undeformed high‐resolution thin‐sectional anatomical (visible human) images and MRI and ultrasound images
Authors: Gong Qingfang , Wang Yangyun , Duan Li , Lei Ling , Liu Jia , Yao Jie , Qi Jing , Xu Zhou , Nian Yongjian , Wu Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeUsing visible human, MRI and ultrasound images, we aim to provide an anatomical basis for the identification and diagnosis of pelvic floor structure and disease by ultrasound imaging.MethodsOne Chinese visible human (CVH) image, one American visible human image, 9 MRI images of normal volunteers, and 40 ultrasound images of normal volunteers or pelvic organ prolapse patients were used. Pelvic organs, pelvic floor muscles, and the connective tissue in CVH, VHP, MRI, and ultrasound images were selected for comparative study.ResultsWe successfully identified the boundary of the anal sphincter complex, including the subcutaneous, superficial, and deep parts of the external anal sphincter, conjoined longitudinal muscles and internal anal sphincter; the levator ani muscle (LAM), including the internal and external parts of the pubovisceral muscle and the superficial and deep parts of the puborectal muscle; the urethral sphincter complex, including the urethral sphincter proper and the urethral compressor; and the perineal body, the rectoperineal muscle and superficial transverse perineal muscle.ConclusionsWe successfully recognized and studied the location, subdivisions, 2D morphology and spatial relationships of the LAM, anal sphincter complex, urethral sphincter complex and perineal body in ultrasound images, thereby helping sonologists or clinicians accurately identify pelvic floor muscles and supporting structures in ultrasound images.
Performance of collagen‐based matrices from Nile tilapia skin: A pilot proteomic study in a murine model of wound healing
Authors: Medeiros Cláudia B. A. , de Lima Iasmim Lopes , Cahú Thiago Barbosa , Muniz Bruna R. , Ribeiro Maria Helena M. L. , de Carvalho Érico Higino , Eberlin Marcos Nogueira , Miranda Marcelo J. B. , de Souza Bezerra Ranilson , da Silva Roberto Afonso , de Lima Filho José Luiz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFull‐thickness cutaneous trauma, due to the lack of dermis, leads to difficulty in epithelialization by keratinocytes, developing a fibrotic scar, with less elasticity than the original skin, which may have disorders in predisposed individuals, resulting in hypertrophic scar and keloids. Biomedical materials have excellent characteristics, such as good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, which can temporarily replace traditional materials used as primary dressings. In this work, we developed two dermal matrices based on Nile tilapia collagen, with (M_GAG) and without (M) glycosaminoglycans, using a sugarcane polymer membrane as a matrix support. To assess the molecular mechanisms driving wound healing, we performed qualitative proteomic analysis on the wound bed in an in vivo study involving immunocompetent murine models at 14 and 21 days post‐full‐thickness skin injury. Gene Ontology and Pathway analysis revealed that both skins were markedly represented by modulation of the immune system, emphasizing controlling the acute inflammation response at 14 and 21 days post‐injury. Furthermore, both groups showed significant enrichment of pathways related to RNA and protein metabolism, suggesting an increase in protein synthesis required for tissue repair and proper wound closure. Other pathways, such as keratinization and vitamin D3 metabolism, were also enriched in the groups treated with M matrix. Finally, both matrices improved wound healing in a full post‐thick skin lesion. However, our preliminary molecular data reveals that the collagen‐mediated healing matrix lacking glycosaminoglycan (M) exhibited a phenotype more favorable to tissue repair, making it more suitable for use before skin grafts.
LC–MS/MS analysis of coccidiostats in meat supply chain safety
Authors: Ancillotti Claudia , Bonciani Lisa , Passerini Davide , Scanavini Giulia , Riccio Roberto 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of coccidiostats in meat products represents an important topic because of the animal administration of these substances, authorized as feed additives for targeted species, in order to prevent and inhibit coccidiosis. Coccidiostats include both ionophores and synthetic molecules characterized by different chemical–physical properties such as polarity. Meat is a matrix characterized by many interfering compound groups, such as proteins, phospholipids, and fats. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis allows the required selectivity and sensitivity for discriminating analytes and matrix interferences.For these reasons, an LC–MS/MS method for the analysis of coccidiostats in meat products was developed without SPE purification steps. The correct analyte quantification is allowed by matrix‐matched calibration. The method validation was performed by the replicated analysis of spiked meat samples at two different concentration levels (limit of quantification—LOQ—and a 10 times LOQ) in order to evaluate method recovery and repeatability, plus spiked samples at higher concentrations up to 10,000 μg/kg. Moreover, the metrological approach was used for the calculation of method uncertainty. The application of the developed method to real samples evidenced the presence of some non‐ionophores coccidiostats in the meat and liver of chicken and rabbit species. Although, the determined concentration was below the established MRLs, the monitoring of coccidiostats in the meat supply chain is confirmed as a good strategy in order to safeguard consumer health.
Future projections of extreme rainfall events in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniadi Ari , Weller Evan , Salmond Jennifer , Aldrian Edvin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious evaluations of coupled climate models have indicated that under the influence of global warming precipitation extremes, including those over Indonesia, are expected to intensify. Here, we examine the most recent future projections of extreme rainfall in Indonesia using 24 global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, consisting of 11 low resolution (LR) and 13 medium resolution (MR) models. The performance of these models is evaluated against Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data observations and realistically reproduce Indonesia's mean climatology over the period assessed (1987–2014). Overall, both LR and MR multi‐model ensemble means (MMEM) outperform individual models. Interestingly, extreme rainfall projections vary across different seasons, time periods, spatial resolutions and climate change scenarios. The LR and MR MMEMs project a continuous increase in wet extremes (R95p and Rx5d) during the wet season across most of Indonesia over the 21st century. Conversely, dry extremes (consecutive dry days [CDD]) are projected to increase (decrease) over the south (north) during the wet season but increase countrywide during the dry season. We show that future extreme wet and dry events are projected to be more frequent and intense, with upper extreme values surpassing historical records. The MR models project smaller changes in extreme wet indices than the LR models but simulate a more prolonged extreme dry index. Key findings here indicate that forthcoming instances of extreme rainfall present substantial hazards, necessitating the implementation of adequate preventative measures by policymakers, particularly within densely inhabited regions, such as Java.
Equids (Equus sp.) in southern Spain from the Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age
Authors: Bernáldez‐Sánchez Eloísa , García‐Viñas Esteban , Sanguino Fernando , Villalón David , Leonard Jennifer A. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe genus Equus was represented on the Iberian Peninsula by four species during the late Quaternary: the wild, now extinct, E. ferus (wild horse) and E. hydruntinus (European wild ass) and the extant, domestic E. caballus (horse) and E. asinus (donkey). The distribution and timing of the extinctions of the wild species and arrival of the domestic species is important to understand the changing environment and cultures through this dynamic period in one of the three southern Pleistocene glacial refugia in Europe. Here we collected data from all zooarchaeological studies that meet basic completeness criteria from the Palaeolithic to the Bronze Age (45–3.2 ka bp) and analysed the equine data in light of other large mammals at the same sites in order to document the species turnover and distributions through this culturally and ecologically dynamic period. The vast majority of Palaeolithic Equus were confidently identified as E. ferus, and by the Bronze age as E. caballus, with much uncertainty in between. Over time the larger equids (horses) were much more common than the smaller equids (asses). Equids were not common, but they were distributed across the southern Iberian peninsula through the Chalcolithic, and then appear to have become restricted to the drier eastern region in the Bronze Age. These analyses indicate that both E. ferus and E. hydruntinus went extinct by the end of the Pleistocene/Palaeolithic in Andalucia. Not all communities maintained equal numbers of equids, and their distribution changed with the changing climate through time, most notably between the Chalcolithic and the Bronze Age when confidence in species identification and local density of horses increase, but the distribution is restricted to the drier eastern region.
Longitudinal associations among experiences of sexual assault, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and heavy drinking in young adults
Authors: Pedersen Eric R. , Davis Jordan P. , Canning Liv , Tucker Joan S. , Prindle John , Seelam Rachana , Dunbar Michael S. , Siconolfi Daniel , D'Amico Elizabeth J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrior research with young adults has demonstrated clear associations between experiences of sexual assault, symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol use, but most studies have been cross‐sectional or have not considered multiple theoretical pathways to understand these associations. Using six waves of data from a longitudinal cohort sample of 1,719 young adults, we examined associations among experiences of past‐year sexual assault (i.e., rape, unwanted sexual touching, and physical intimidation in a sexual way), PTSD symptoms, and the frequency of binge drinking over time, allowing for the exploration of symptom‐induced, interpersonal risk, and substance‐induced pathways for male and female participants. For both male, βs = 2.84 to 6.55, and female participants, βs = 2.96 to 10.1, higher prior levels of PTSD symptoms were associated with larger increases in binge drinking over time. For female participants, higher prior levels of sexual assault were associated with larger increases in PTSD symptoms over time, βs = 3.48 to 4.25, whereas for male participants, higher prior levels of past‐year binge drinking were associated with decreases in PTSD symptoms over time, βs = ‐2.75 to ‐0.53. Continued efforts are needed to prevent sexual assault among young adults and address PTSD symptoms among those who experience sexual assault. Interventions that target binge drinking are also needed for individuals who experience PTSD symptoms, especially young adults, to address potentially hazardous drinking before problems escalate and become chronic.
Ice‐melt period dominates annual carbon dioxide evasion from clear‐water Arctic lakes
Authors: Karlsson J. , Verheijen H. A. , Seekell D. A. , Vachon D. , Klaus M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrent estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) evasion from Arctic lakes are highly uncertain because few studies integrate seasonal variability, specifically evasion during spring ice‐melt. We quantified annual CO2 evasion for 14 clear‐water Arctic lakes in Northern Sweden through mass balance (ice‐melt period) and high‐frequency loggers (open‐water period). On average, 80% (SD: ± 18) of annual CO2 evasion occurred within 10 d following ice‐melt. The contribution of the ice‐melt period to annual CO2 evasion was high compared to earlier studies of Arctic lakes (47% ± 32%). Across all lakes, the proportion of ice‐melt : annual CO2 evasion was negatively related to the dissolved organic carbon concentration and positively related to the mean depth of the lakes. The results emphasize the need for measurements of CO2 exchange at ice‐melt to accurately quantify CO2 evasion from Arctic lakes.