bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wound Bed Preparation 2024: Delphi Consensus on Foot Ulcer Management in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Smart Hiske , Sibbald R. Gary , Goodman Laurie , Ayello Elizabeth A. , Jaimangal Reneeka , Gregory John H. , Akita Sadanori , Alavi Afsaneh , Armstrong David G. , Arputhanathan Helen , Bruwer Febe , Caul Jeremy , Chan Beverley , Cronje Frans , Dofitas Belen , Hamed Jassin , Harley Catherine , Heil Jolene , Hill Mary , Jahnke Devon , Kalina Dale , Kodange Chaitanya , Kotru Bharat , Kozody Laura Lee , Landis Stephan , LeBlanc Kimberly , MacDonald Mary , Mark Tobi , Martin Carlos , Mayer Dieter , Murphy Christine , Nair Harikrishna , Orellana Cesar , Ostrow Brian , Queen Douglas , Rainville Patrick , Rajhathy Erin , Schultz Gregory , Somayaji Ranjani , Stacey Michael C. , Tariq Gulnaz , Weir Gregory , Whiteside Catharine , Yifter Helen , Zacharias Ramesh 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

GENERAL PURPOSE
To review a practical and scientifically sound application of the wound bed preparation model for communities without ideal resources.

TARGET AUDIENCE
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and registered nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES
After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:
1. Summarize issues related to wound assessment.
2. Identify a class of drugs for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus that has been shown to improve glycemia, nephroprotection, and cardiovascular outcomes.
3. Synthesize strategies for wound management, including treatment in resource-limited settings.
4. Specify the target time for edge advancement in chronic, healable wounds.

BACKGROUND
Chronic wound management in low-resource settings deserves special attention. Rural or underresourced settings (ie, those with limited basic needs/healthcare supplies and inconsistent availability of interprofessional team members) may not have the capacity to apply or duplicate best practices from urban or abundantly-resourced settings.

OBJECTIVE
The authors linked world expertise to develop a practical and scientifically sound application of the wound bed preparation model for communities without ideal resources.

METHODS
A group of 41 wound experts from 15 countries reached a consensus on wound bed preparation in resource-limited settings.

RESULTS
Each statement of 10 key concepts (32 substatements) reached more than 88% consensus.

CONCLUSIONS
The consensus statements and rationales can guide clinical practice and research for practitioners in low-resource settings. These concepts should prompt ongoing innovation to improve patient outcomes and healthcare system efficiency for all persons with foot ulcers, especially persons with diabetes.
Asymmetric Deficit of Knee Flexion: An Occasional Symptom of Discoid Lateral Meniscus in Children
Authors: Cance Nicolas , Bauwens Paul Henri , Vandergugten Simon , Dan Michael J. , Chotel Franck 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
A knee flexion deficit can be the unique symptom and sign of discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of this clinical sign. The hypothesis was that deficit of knee flexion was associated with anterior rim disinsertion and posteriorly fixed DLM.

Methods:
A retrospective, single-center study was conducted in a larger series of 114 operated knees for symptomatic DLM from 2007 to 2018. A focus was done on 9 knees with a deficit of knee flexion without snapping. History and clinical examination with grading of instability, preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, and arthroscopic findings were studied.

Results:
Among 35 knees with DLM grade 3 of instability, 26 had an isolated extension deficit. Nine knees in 5 boys and 4 girls with a mean age of 9 years (range 6 to 12) had a flexion deficit. It was the only symptom of DLM in 6, and it was associated to extension deficit in 3. In the history, 8 knees were grade 2 (snapping knee) before evolving toward a flexion deficit. All had a complete DLM with posterocentral (n=7) or central (n=2) shift at magnetic resonance imaging analysis. All had DLM with posterior shift fixed during arthroscopic evaluation. Moreover, looking at the entire series, 1 knee was a false negative and had a full flexion despite a posterior and fixed DLM during arthroscopic evaluation. The sensitivity of asymmetrical knee flexion to predict posterior fixed DLM was 90%.

Conclusions:
An asymmetric deficit in knee flexion is highly suggestive of DLM with anterior detachment and fixed posterior meniscal shift (specificity and positive predictive value of 100%). Given this could be the only clinical sign of DLM, specific attention therefore must be paid in the assessment of knee flexion by measuring the distance between heel and bottom on both sides, especially in a knee without snapping currently but with a history of snapping (grade 3).

Level of evidence:
Level III.
Comparison of survival benefit and safety between surgery following conversion therapy versus surgery alone in patients with surgically resectable hepatocellular carcinoma at CNLC IIb/IIIa stage: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Ma Zifeng , Xiao Zhiyu , yin Pengfei , Wen Kai , Wang Weidong , Yan Yongcong , Lin Zijian , Li Zonglin , Wang Haikuo , Zhang Jianlong , Mao Kai 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the survival benefit and safety of surgery following conversion therapy versus surgery alone in patients diagnosed with surgically resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) IIb/IIIa stage.

Methods:
A total of 95 patients diagnosed with surgically resectable CNLC IIb/IIIa HCC were retrospectively enrolled in our study from November 2018 to December 2022. Among them, 30 patients underwent conversion therapy followed by hepatectomy, while the remaining 65 received surgery alone. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to minimize bias in the retrospective analysis.

Results:
Compared to the surgery alone group, the conversion therapy group demonstrated a significantly prolonged median RFS (17.1 vs. 7.0 months; P=0.014), a reduced incidence of microvascular invasion (MVI, 23.3% vs. 81.5%; P<0.001), and a comparable rate of achieving Textbook Outcome in Liver Surgery (TOLS, 83.3% vs. 76.9%; P=0.476). Multivariate analysis indicated that conversion therapy was independently associated with improved RFS after hepatectomy (HR=0.511, P=0.027). The same conclusions were obtained after PSM.

Conclusions:
The findings of our study offer preliminary evidence that preoperative conversion therapy significantly prolongs RFS in patients with surgically resectable HCC at CNLC IIb/IIIa stage. Furthermore, combining conversion therapy and hepatectomy represents a relatively safe treatment strategy.
Increasing DIEA Perforator Detail in Three-Dimensional Photorealistic Volume-Rendering Visualizations
Authors: Necker Fabian N. , Cholok David J. , Shaheen Mohammed S. , Fischer Marc J. , Gifford Kyle , El Chemaly Trishia , Leuze Christoph W. , Scholz Michael , Daniel Bruce L. , Momeni Arash 
Published: February 2024

Summary:
Preoperative computed tomographic angiography is increasingly performed before perforator flap–based reconstruction. However, radiologic two-dimensional thin slices do not allow for intuitive interpretation and translation to intraoperative findings. Three-dimensional volume rendering has been used to alleviate the need for mental two-dimensional to three-dimensional abstraction. Even though volume rendering allows for a much easier understanding of anatomy, it currently has limited utility, as the skin obstructs the view of critical structures. Using free, open-source software, the authors introduce a new skin-masking technique that allows surgeons to easily create a segmentation mask of the skin that can later be used to toggle the skin on and off. In addition, the mask can be used in other rendering applications. The authors use Cinematic Anatomy for photorealistic volume rendering and interactive exploration of computed tomographic angiography with and without skin. The authors present results from using this technique to investigate perforator anatomy in deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps and demonstrate that the skin-masking workflow is performed in less than 5 minutes. In Cinematic Anatomy, the view onto the abdominal wall and especially onto perforators becomes significantly sharper and more detailed when no longer obstructed by the skin. The authors perform a virtual, partial muscle dissection to show the intramuscular and submuscular course of the perforators. The skin-masking workflow allows surgeons to improve arterial and perforator detail in volume renderings easily and quickly by removing skin and could alternatively be performed solely using open-source and free software. The workflow can be easily expanded to other perforator flaps without the need for modification.
Sir Michael John Berridge. 22 October 1938—13 February 2020
Authors: Petersen FRS Ole H. 
Published: February 2024

Sir Michael Berridge was a giant in the fields of physiology and biochemistry who, by his discovery in 1983 of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP
3
) as the ubiquitous intracellular messenger releasing Ca
2+
from intracellular stores, revolutionized our concepts of signal transduction mechanisms. Mike, as he was universally known, discovered one of the most important regulatory mechanisms in animal cells, involved in the control of virtually all bodily functions, including secretion, contraction and memory. Mike, working at the Department of Zoology at the University of Cambridge, personally identified IP
3
as one of the two initial products of hormone- or neurotransmitter-elicited inositol phospholipid breakdown and then, in collaboration with the research group led by Irene Schulz at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysics in Frankfurt, demonstrated directly the Ca
2+
-releasing effect of IP
3
in pancreatic acinar cells. Subsequently, in collaborations with research groups in Switzerland and the USA, Mike confirmed the Ca
2 +
-releasing action of IP
3
in insulin-secreting cells, hepatocytes and photoreceptors. The IP
3
–Ca
2 +
-releasing pathway became accepted amazingly quickly as one of the key elements of cellular signal transduction mechanisms and is now featured in virtually all textbooks of physiology and biochemistry. Mike was also a great synthesizer, who created an entirely new field, namely calcium signalling. Through his numerous, highly cited review articles, and his insightful keynote lectures at the most important biomedical congresses, he dominated this large and increasingly important research field for more than 30 years following his momentous 1983 discovery.
Statistical analysis for the development of a Deep Learning model for classification of images with TDP-43 pathology
Authors: Muñoz Azucena , Oliveira Vasco , Vallejo Marta 
Published: February 2024

Diagnosing Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) remains a hand challenge due to its inherent heterogeneity. Notably, the occurrence of TDP-43 cytoplasmic aggregation in approximately 95% of ALS cases has emerged as a potential indicative hallmark. In order to develop deep learning models capable of distinguishing TDP-43 proteinopathic samples from their healthy counterparts, a comprehensive understanding of the sample set becomes imperative, particularly when the sample size is limited. The samples in question encompassed images obtained via an immunofluorescence procedure, employing super high-resolution microscopy coupled with meticulous processing. A feature-extracted dataset was created to collect meaningful features from every sample to approach three different classification problems (TDP-43 Pathology, TDP-43 Pathology Grades and ALS) based on the number of red and pink pixels, signifying cytoplasmic and nuclear TDP-43 presence. A series of diverse statistical approaches were undertaken. However, definitive outcomes remained elusive, although it was suggested that a classification based on the presence of TDP-43 proteinopathy was better than the one based on the presence of ALS for training the model.The dataset was reduced by eliminating the problematic samples through curation. Analyses were repeated using t-student tests and ANOVA, and visualisation of patient inter-variability was performed using hierarchical clustering. The TDP-43 pathology classification results showed significant differences in the number of red and pink pixels, the total amount of protein and the cytoplasmic and nuclear proportions between healthy and pathological samples between groups. These findings suggested that images classified according to the presence of TDP-43 proteinopathy are more suitable for training deep learning models.
Multi-omics Characterization of Epigenetic and Genetic Risk of Alzheimer Disease in Autopsied Brains from two Ethnic Groups
Authors: Ma Yiyi , Reyes-Dumeyer Dolly , Piriz Angel , Recio Patricia , Mejia Diones Rivera , Medrano Martin , Lantigua Rafael A. , Vonsattel Jean Paul G. , Tosto Giuseppe , Teich Andrew F. , Ciener Benjamin , Leskinen Sandra , Sivakumar Sharanya , DeTure Michael , Ranjan Duara , Dickson Dennis , Murray Melissa , Lee Edward , Wolk David A. , Jin Lee-Way , Dugger Brittany N. , Hiniker Annie , Rissman Robert A. , Mayeux Richard , Vardarajan Badri N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundBoth genetic variants and epigenetic features contribute to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We studied the AD association of CpG-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (CGS), which act as the hub of both the genetic and epigenetic effects, in Hispanics decedents and generalized the findings to Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) decedents.MethodsFirst, we derived the dosage of the CpG site-creating allele of multiple CGSes in each 1 KB window across the genome and we conducted a sliding window association test with clinical diagnosis of AD in 7,155 Hispanics (3,194 cases and 3,961 controls) using generalized linear mixed models with the adjustment of age, sex, population structure, genomic relationship matrix, and genotyping batches. Next, using methylation and bulk RNA-sequencing data from the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex in 150 Hispanics brains, we tested the cis- and trans-effects of AD associated CGS on brain DNA methylation to mRNA expression. For the genes with significant cis- and trans-effects, we checked their enriched pathways.ResultsWe identified six genetic loci in Hispanics with CGS dosage associated with AD at genome-wide significance levels:ADAM20(Score=55.2,P=4.06×10-8), betweenVRTN(Score=-19.6,P=1.47×10-8) andSYNDIG1L(Score=-37.7,P=2.25×10-9),SPG7(16q24.3) (Score=40.5,P=2.23×10-8),PVRL2(Score=125.86,P=1.64×10-9),TOMM40(Score=-18.58,P=4.61×10-8), andAPOE(Score=75.12,P=7.26×10-26). CGSes inPVRL2andAPOEwere also genome-wide significant in NHW. Except forADAM20, CGSes in all the other five loci were associated with Hispanic brain methylation levels (mQTLs) and CGSes inSPG7, PVRL2,andAPOEwere also mQTLs in NHW. Except forSYNDIG1L(P=0.08), brain methylation levels in all the other five loci affected downstream RNA expression in the Hispanics (P<0.05), and methylation atVRTNandTOMM40were also associated with RNA expression in NHW. Gene expression in these six loci were also regulated by CpG sites in genes that were enriched in the neuron projection and synapse (FDR<0.05).ConclusionsWe identified six CpG associated genetic loci associated with AD in Hispanics, harboring both genetic and epigenetic risks. However, their downstream effects on mRNA expression maybe ethnic specific and different from NHW.
The transformation of sensory to perceptual braille letter representations in the visually deprived brain
Authors: Haupt Marleen , Graumann Monika , Teng Santani , Kaltenbach Carina , Cichy Radoslaw M. 
Published: February 2024

1.AbstractExperience-based plasticity of the human cortex mediates the influence of individual experience on cognition and behavior. The complete loss of a sensory modality is among the most extreme such experiences. Investigating such a selective, yet extreme change in experience allows for the characterization of experience-based plasticity at its boundaries.Here, we investigated information processing in individuals who lost vision at birth or early in life by probing the processing of braille letter information. We characterized the transformation of braille letter information from sensory representations depending on the reading hand to perceptual representations that are independent of the reading hand.Using a multivariate analysis framework in combination with fMRI, EEG and behavioral assessment, we tracked cortical braille representations in space and time, and probed their behavioral relevance.We located sensory representations in tactile processing areas and perceptual representations in sighted reading areas, with the lateral occipital complex as a connecting “hinge” region. This elucidates the plasticity of the visually deprived brain in terms of information processing.Regarding information processing in time, we found that sensory representations emerge before perceptual representations. This indicates that even extreme cases of brain plasticity adhere to a common temporal scheme in the progression from sensory to perceptual transformations.Ascertaining behavioral relevance through perceived similarity ratings, we found that perceptual representations in sighted reading areas, but not sensory representations in tactile processing areas are suitably formatted to guide behavior.Together, our results reveal a nuanced picture of both the potentials and limits of experience-dependent plasticity in the visually deprived brain.
Same Sentences, Different Grammars, Different Brain Responses: An MEG study on Case and Agreement Encoding in Hindi and Nepali Split-Ergative Structures
Authors: Chacón Dustin A. , Shrestha Subhekshya , Dillon Brian W. , Bhatt Rajesh , Almeida Diogo , Marantz Alec 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAt first glance, the brain’s language network appears to be universal, but languages clearly differ. How does the brain adapt to the specific details of individual grammatical systems? Here, we present an MEG study on case and agreement in Hindi and Nepali. Both languages use split-ergative case systems. However, these systems interact with verb agreement differently – in Hindi, case features conspire to determine which noun phrase (NP) the verb agrees with (subject, object, or neither), but in Nepali the verb always agrees with the subject NP. We found that left inferior frontal and left anterior temporal regions are sensitive to case features in both languages. Across case configurations, these same brain areas in Hindi participants show different patterns of activity for sentences that require masculine vs. feminine marking on the verb, before the comprehenders encounter it. Additionally, the left temporoparietal junction in Hindi shows different activity for subject and object agreement configurations. Both findings are not observed in Nepali participants. We suggest that this brain response demonstrates a unique-to-Hindi selection of an agreement controller and pre-encoding of the verb’s morphological features. This shows that brain activity reflects psycholinguistic processes that are intimately tied to grammatical features.HighlightsThe left inferior frontal lobe and the left anterior temporal lobe distinguish accusative objects versus bare object NPs in Hindi and Nepali, and pre-emptively encode gender agreement features in Hindi.The left inferior parietal lobe shows a differential sensitivity to object-agreement and subject-agreement constructions in Hindi that is absent in NepaliMEG can reveal differences in neural activity that reflect specific requirements of different grammatical systems
Supralinear dendritic integration in murine dendrite-targeting interneurons
Authors: Griesius Simonas , Richardson Amy , Kullmann Dimitri M 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNon-linear summation of synaptic inputs to the dendrites of pyramidal neurons has been proposed to increase the computation capacity of neurons through coincidence detection, signal amplification, and additional logic operations such as XOR. Supralinear dendritic integration has been documented extensively in principal neurons, mediated by several voltage-dependent conductances. It has also been reported in parvalbumin-positive hippocampal basket cells, in dendrites innervated by feedback excitatory synapses. Whether other interneurons, which support feed-forward or feedback inhibition of principal neuron dendrites, also exhibit local non-linear integration of synaptic excitation is not known. Here we use patch-clamp electrophysiology, and 2-photon calcium imaging and glutamate uncaging, to show that supralinear dendritic integration of near-synchronous spatially clustered glutamate-receptor mediated depolarization occurs in NDNF-positive neurogliaform cells and oriens-lacunosum moleculare interneurons in the mouse hippocampus. Supralinear summation was detected via recordings of somatic depolarizations elicited by uncaging of glutamate on dendritic fragments, and, in neurogliaform cells, by concurrent imaging of dendritic calcium transients. Supralinearity was abolished by blocking NMDA receptors (NMDARs) but resisted blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels. Blocking L-type calcium channels abolished supralinear calcium signalling but only had a minor effect on voltage supralinearity. Dendritic boosting of spatially clustered synaptic signals argues for previously unappreciated computational complexity in dendrite-projecting inhibitory cells of the hippocampus.