bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental absence during childhood and intergenerational solidarity in adulthood in China
Authors: Lei Lei , Chae Youngjin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to examine whether having been separated from parents during childhood influences multiple dimensions of intergenerational solidarity during adulthood.BackgroundIn developing countries, many children experience geographic separation from one or both parents due to parental out‐migration. Previous research has examined the concurrent effects of parental migration on parent–child relationships, but little is known about the long‐term implications of parental absence during childhood for intergenerational relationships in adulthood.MethodOur study used data from the China Family Panel Studies (2010 and 2016) to examine the relationship between mothers' and fathers' absence during childhood and intergenerational solidarity during adulthood. The sample includes adult respondents aged 25–54 with a living mother or father in 2016, generating 8889 respondent‐mother and 7159 respondent‐father dyads. We estimated multilevel regression models predicting emotional, associational, and functional solidarity with the mother and the father during adulthood.ResultsFor both mother and father, the parent's absence during childhood is negatively associated with children's closeness to and frequency of seeing the parent in adulthood. Parental absence during childhood has little impact on the economic and instrumental support of parents in adulthood. A longer duration of parental absence has a stronger detrimental impact on intergenerational solidarity than a shorter duration for both mother–child and father–child relationships. Moreover, one parent's absence during childhood can influence the child's relationship with the other parent during adulthood (a spillover effect).ConclusionParents' absence during childhood has long‐term implications for parent–child relationships during adulthood.
Environmental Context and Organizational Aspiration Determination
Authors: Luo Lingli , Shinkle George A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis research develops an attention‐based, environment‐inclusive model of organizational aspiration determination. The behavioural view embraces that organizations determine aspirations based on three reference points: past aspiration, past performance, and social reference group performance. We build hypotheses to explain how environmental munificence, dynamism, and complexity shape organizational attention allocation among these three reference points. Using data on US publicly traded firms (2006–16), we find that organizations, when determining sales aspirations, allocate (1) more attention to past aspiration and social reference group performance but less attention to past performance in more munificent environments; (2) more attention to past performance and social reference group performance but less attention to past aspiration in more dynamic environments; and (3) more attention to past performance but less attention to past aspiration and social reference group performance in more complex environments. Overall, we contribute to aspiration research by explicitly theorizing a previously understudied contingency, using direct aspiration measures from a wide range of industries, and providing evidence that organizations’ attention allocation rules are regulated by the external environment when determining aspirations.
A Coordinated School Health Program Effect on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of South Texas Preschool Children: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Treviño‐Peña Roberto , Romero Zasha , Fuentes Jesús C. , Cortez Karla E. , Alanis Elizabeth , Alvarenga Juan C. L. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the Bienestar/NEEMA Coordinated School Health Program (BN CSHP) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of preschool children.METHODSA cluster randomized trial was conducted of preschools in South Texas. Of 48 eligible schools, 28 were randomly assigned (14 intervention, 14 control). Family demographics and household health characteristics were collected from parents and CRF from children. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to analyze the data.RESULTSFamily demographics, household health characteristics, and children's weight, obesity prevalence, and sedentary activity of the control group were similar to the intervention group at baseline. After adjusting for covariates, the number of laps ran by children in the control group increased by 23% (CI: −5% to 60%) per each data collection period compared with 53% (CI: 7% to 119%) in the intervention group.IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITYState mandates, parent engagement, and funding are key for designing effective health and Physical Education (PE) programs.CONCLUSIONChildren in the BN CSHP, compared to those in the control group, had a significantly higher increase in their CRF. This finding is important because of the health benefits of CRF in children.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05501392.
Quantification of serum HDV RNA by Robogene 2.0 in HDV patients is significantly influenced by the extraction methods
Authors: Anolli Maria Paola , Renteria Sara Uceda , Degasperi Elisabetta , Borghi Marta , Facchetti Floriana , Sambarino Dana , Perbellini Riccardo , Monico Sara , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Lampertico Pietro 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimManagement of chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) requires reliable tests for HDV RNA quantification. The aim of the study was to compare two extraction methods for the quantification of HDV RNA in untreated and bulevirtide (BLV)‐treated CHD patients.MethodsFrozen sera from untreated and BLV‐treated CHD patients were tested in a single‐centre study for HDV RNA levels (Robogene 2.0, Roboscreen GmbH, Leipzig, Germany; LOD 6 IU/mL) with two extraction methods: manual (INSTANT Virus RNA/DNA kit; Roboscreen GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) versus automated (EZ1 DSP Virus Kit; Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). BLV‐treated patients were sampled at baseline and during therapy.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐four sera collected from 157 CHD (139 untreated, 18 BLV‐treated) patients were analysed: age 51 (28–78), 59% males, 90% of European origin, 60% cirrhotics, ALT 85 (17–889) U/L, HBsAg 3.8 (1.7–4.6) Log IU/mL, 81% HBV DNA undetectable, 98% HDV genotype 1. Median HDV RNA was 4.53 (.70–8.10) versus 3.77 (.70–6.93) Log IU/mL by manual versus automated extraction (p < .0001). Manual extraction reported similar HDV RNA levels in 31 (20%) patients, higher in 119 (76%) [+.5 and +1 log10 in 60; > +1 log10 in 59] and lower in 7 (4%). Among 18 BLV‐treated patients, rates of HDV RNA < LOD significantly differed between the two assays at Weeks 16 and 24 (0% vs. 22%, p = .02; 11% vs. 44%, p = .03), but not at later timepoints. By contrast, virological response rates were similar.ConclusionsQuantification of HDV RNA by Robogene 2.0 is influenced by the extraction method, the manual extraction being 1 Log more sensitive.
Establishment and characterisation of STAM4, a novel human adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma cell line, through human telomerase reverse transcriptase ectopic expression‐mediated immortalisation
Authors: Wang Chaohu , Zhang Huarong , Guo Rongrong , Cao Ya'nan , Pan Jun , Yu Haoying , Qiu Xiaoyu , Shi Jin , Fan Jun , Qi Songtao , Liu Yi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsAdamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a rare benign intracranial tumour that occurs in the sellar region and likely originates from the embryonic craniopharyngeal epithelium (a remnant of the ectoderm, also known as Rathke's pouch). However, progress in ACP research has been slow due to the lack of ACP cell lines. Therefore, in this study, we established an immortalised ACP cell line.MethodsImmortalised ACP cells were established from cultured primary ACP cells by the ectopic expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Primary and immortalised cells were compared and characterised by morphological examination, short tandem repeat (STR) profiling, whole exome sequencing (WES) and transcriptome sequencing. The ability of immortalised cells to form tumours was examined using an intracranial tumour formation assay in mice. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to compare the characteristics of human ACP and intracranial xenografts derived from immortalised cells.ResultsA novel immortalised ACP cell line, STAM4, was successfully established in a 4‐year‐old male ACP patient. When STAM4 cells were compared with primary ACP cells in terms of morphological characteristics, genetic variants, STR profiles, biological behaviours and transcriptome differences, STAM4 cells were similar to primary ACP cells. Additionally, the STAM4 cells were able to form intracranial tumours that resemble human ACP.ConclusionsThis ACP cell line may provide a cell model for further studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of ACP and for the development of new anticancer drugs for ACP.
Weak local adaptation to drought in seedlings of a widespread conifer
Authors: Candido‐Ribeiro Rafael , Aitken Sally N. 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Tree seedlings from populations native to drier regions are often assumed to be more drought tolerant than those from wetter provenances. However, intraspecific variation in drought tolerance has not been well‐characterized despite being critical for developing climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, and for predicting the effects of drought on forests.

We used a large‐scale common garden drought‐to‐death experiment to assess range‐wide variation in drought tolerance, measured by decline of photosynthetic efficiency, growth, and plastic responses to extreme summer drought in seedlings of 73 natural populations of the two main varieties of Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii and var. glauca).

Local adaptation to drought was weak in var. glauca and nearly absent in menziesii. Var. glauca showed higher tolerance to drought but slower growth than var. menziesii. Clinal variation in drought tolerance and growth species‐wide was mainly associated with temperature rather than precipitation. A higher degree of plasticity for growth was observed in var. menziesii in response to extreme drought.

Genetic variation for drought tolerance in seedlings within varieties is maintained primarily within populations. Selective breeding within populations may facilitate adaptation to drought more than assisted gene flow.
A finite element study comparing Advansync® and Twin Block in mandibular anterior repositioning
Authors: Gómez‐Gómez Sandra‐Liliana , Sánchez‐Uribe Luis‐Alejandro , Villarraga‐Ossa Junes‐Abdul , Llano‐Posada Maria‐Camila , Guzmán‐Velásquez Yeison , Arango‐Hincapie Carlos Andrés , Ardila Carlos M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to utilize the finite element method (FEM) to compare the dentoalveolar and mandibular effects associated with anterior mandibular repositioning using AdvanSync® (ADV) and Twin Block (TB).MethodsA patient with Class II skeletal malocclusion and mandibular retrognathism was selected. A TB appliance was subsequently applied. Computed Tomography (CT) scans were acquired at the beginning of treatment (T1) and 8 months later (T2). Concurrently, a numerical TB model was validated through FEM simulations, which were compared with the T2 results. The ADV appliance was virtually simulated to evaluate stress and deformation on the condyle, symphysis, first lower molar and lower central incisors.ResultsBoth simulations demonstrated significant mandibular advancement. However, ADV led to less incisor proclination and more molar intrusion compared to TB. ADV exhibited increased stress in the lower molar area, while TB had higher stress in the lower incisor region. Stress and deformations in the condyle and mandibular symphysis were similar in both simulations, with the highest stress observed at the condylar neck and the lowest at the upper pole of the condylar head.ConclusionsBoth appliances achieved similar levels of mandibular advancement, with greater proclination of the lower central incisors and more widespread distribution of stress and molar intrusion when using ADV compared to TB.
Identification by methods of steady‐state and kinetic spectrofluorimetry of endogenous porphyrins and flavins sensitizing the formation of reactive oxygen species in cancer cells
Authors: Plavskii Vitaly Yu , Sobchuk Andrei N. , Mikulich Aliaksandr V. , Dudinova Olga N. , Plavskaya Ludmila G. , Tretyakova Antonina I. , Nahorny Raman K. , Ananich Tatsiana S. , Svechko Alexei D. , Yakimchuk Sergey V. , Leusenka Ihar A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe question about acceptor molecules of optical radiation that determine the effects of photobiomodulation in relation to various types of cells still remains the focus of attention of researchers. This issue is most relevant for cancer cells, since, depending on the parameters of optical radiation, light can either stimulate their growth or inhibit them and lead to death. This study shows that endogenous porphyrins, which have sensitizing properties, may play an important role in the implementation of the effects of photobiomodulation, along with flavins. For the first time, using steady‐state and kinetic spectrofluorimetry, free‐base porphyrins and their zinc complexes were discovered and identified in living human cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa) cells, as well as in their extracts. It has been shown that reliable detection of porphyrin fluorescence in cells is hampered by the intense fluorescence of flavins due to their high concentration (micromolar range) and higher (compared to tetrapyrroles) fluorescence quantum yield. Optimization of the spectral range of excitation and the use of extractants that provide multiple quenching of the flavin component while increasing the emission efficiency of tetrapyrroles makes it possible to weaken the contribution of the flavin component to the recorded fluorescence spectra.
Area‐based management tools under the BBNJ Agreement: Ambition or illusion?
Authors: Duan Wen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article intends to answer the question of whether and to what extent the arrangements for area‐based management tools (ABMTs) under the Agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ Agreement) can contribute to the comprehensiveness, coherence and consistency of the international legal regime relating to ABMTs. To answer this question, the article analyses and evaluates the key aspects of the arrangements for ABMTs of the BBNJ Agreement, including consistency with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the interpretation of ‘not undermining’, decision making and the implementation mechanism. It concludes that the arrangements for ABMTs of the BBNJ Agreement are consistent with the UNCLOS and may contribute to the comprehensiveness, coherence and consistency of the international legal regime relating to ABMTs to a large extent. The article further notes that the arrangements for ABMTs of the BBNJ Agreement are ambitious, but lots of work needs to be done to ensure the ambition does not become an illusion.
Weight management practices, views, and experiences of adults living with poor socioeconomic circumstances and obesity: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Salmela Jatta , Joki Anu , Koivumäki Terhi , Katainen Anu , Lallukka Tea 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
The objective of this review is to synthesize the best available qualitative evidence on the weight management practices, views, and experiences of adults living with poor socioeconomic circumstances and obesity. Additionally, the review aims to deepen our understanding of the common narratives of obesity according to these people.

Introduction:
People living with poor socioeconomic circumstances are at increased risk of obesity, particularly in high-income countries, and their weight management practices (eg, weight-related behaviors) tend to be less healthy. Since prior research on socioeconomic inequalities in obesity is mostly from quantitative studies, the individual views and experiences related to weight management have been largely ignored. Thus, systematic qualitative evidence is needed on the weight management practices, views, and experiences of adults living with poor socioeconomic circumstances and obesity.

Inclusion criteria:
Qualitative studies examining adults (aged 18 to 74 years) living with poor socioeconomic circumstances and obesity, and conducted in high- and upper-middle-income countries will be considered. The phenomenon of interest is these people’s weight management practices, views, and experiences.

Methods:
Searches will be conducted in MEDLINE (Ovid), APA PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus, Web of Science, and the Finnish health sciences database, MEDIC, restricted to the English and Finnish languages. Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature will include Google Scholar and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Two independent reviewers will screen the papers, assess methodological quality, and extract data following JBI’s procedures. The meta-aggregative approach will be used for data synthesis. Confidence in the findings will be assessed using the ConQual approach.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023407938
Measurement, Modeling, and Analysis of the Dynamic Properties of Resilient Elements Used for Vibration Isolation
Authors: Sun Xiaojuan , Thompson David 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Resilient elements are widely applied for vibration and noise control in many areas of engineering. Their complex dynamic stiffness gives fundamental information to describe their dynamic performance and is required for predicting structure-borne sound and vibration using dynamic modeling. Many laboratory measurement methods have been developed to determine the dynamic properties of resilient elements. This paper presents a review of recent developments in the measurement methods from the perspective of force–displacement relations of the resilient element assembly rather than of their material properties. To provide context, the review begins with an introduction to modeling methods for resilient elements, especially for rubber and rubber-like isolators, and three standardized measurement methods are introduced. Recent developments are then discussed including methods to extend the frequency range, which are mainly developments of the indirect method. Mobility methods, modal-based methods, recent active frequency-based substructuring (FBS), and inverse substructuring (IS) methods to study the dynamic properties of resilient elements are also described. Laboratory test rigs and the corresponding identification methods are outlined. Methods to evaluate nonlinear dynamic properties of resilient elements by laboratory measurements are also discussed. Finally, the review is concluded by discussing the advantages and limitations of the existing methods and giving suggestions for future research.
AgrA directly binds to the promoter of
vraSR
and downregulates its expression in
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Liu Xueer , Wang Yangyan , Chang Wenjiao , Dai Yuanyuan , Ma Xiaoling 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is an important human pathogen and vancomycin is widely used for the treatment of
S. aureus
infections. The global regulator
agr
is known as a well-described virulence regulator. Previous studies have found that
agr
-dysfunction strains are more likely to develop into vancomycin-resistant strains, but the mechanism for this phenomenon remains unknown. VraSR is a two-component regulatory system related to vancomycin resistance. In this study, we found that the expression levels of
vraR
were higher in
agr
-dysfunction clinical strains than in the
agr
-functional strains. We knocked out
agr
in a clinical strain, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR and β-galactosidase activity assays revealed that
agr
repressed transcription of
vraR
. After vancomycin exposures, population analysis revealed larger subpopulations displaying reduced susceptibility in
agr
knockout strain compared with wild-type strain, and this pattern was also observed in
agr
-dysfunction clinical strains compared with the
agr
-functional strains. Electrophoretic mobility experiment demonstrated binding of purified AgrA to the promoter region of
vraR
. In conclusion, our results indicated that the loss of
agr
function in
S. aureus
may contribute to the evolution of reduced vancomycin susceptibility through the downregulation of
vraSR
.
Quality of melatonin use in children and adolescents: findings from a UK clinical audit
Authors: Paton Carol , Gringras Paul , Ruan Alice , Liew Ashley , Rendora Olivia , Bove Gaia , Barnes Thomas R E 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundMelatonin is commonly used to treat sleep disturbance in children and adolescents, although uncertainties about its optimal use remain.ObjectiveTo determine to what extent prescribing of melatonin complies with evidence-based clinical practice standards.MethodsAs part of a quality improvement programme, the Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health conducted a retrospective clinical audit in UK services for children and adolescents.FindingsData were submitted for 4151 children and adolescents up to 18 years of age, treated with melatonin: 3053 (74%) had a diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorder. In 2655 (73%) of the 3651 patients prescribed melatonin to be taken regularly, the main reason was to reduce sleep latency (time taken to fall asleep). In 409 patients recently starting melatonin, a non-pharmacological intervention had already been tried in 279 (68%). The therapeutic response of patients early in treatment (n=899) and on long-term treatment (n=2353) had been assessed and quantified in 36% and 31%, respectively, while for review of side effects, the respective proportions were 46% and 43%. Planned treatment breaks were documented in 317 (13%) of those on long-term treatment.ConclusionsMelatonin was predominantly prescribed for evidence-based clinical indications, but the clinical review and monitoring of this treatment fell short of best practice.Clinical implicationsWith limited methodical review of melatonin use in their patients, clinicians will fail to garner reliable information on its risks and benefits for individual patients. The lack of such practice-based evidence may increase the risk of melatonin being inappropriately targeted or continued despite being ineffective or no longer indicated.