bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between nutrient profiles, carbon footprint and water footprint of hospital menus
Authors: Aytekin-Sahin Gizem , Besparmak Aslihan , Sagir Seda Sultan , Somtas Adeviye , Ozturk Dilsad 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the nutrient profile, carbon footprint and water footprint of one-month menus presented in five hospitals in Turkey and compare their environmental impacts with that of the Mediterranean diet.

Design/methodology/approach
The energy and nutrient content of menus were compared with recommendations of the Turkey Dietary Guidelines (TUBER) 2022. Nutrient profiles of hospital menus were evaluated using Nutrient Rich Food 9.3 (NRF 9.3) and SAIN-LIM models. The carbon and water footprints of the menus were calculated and compared with those of the Mediterranean diet.

Findings
Menus’ energy and nutrient content did not conform with TUBER 2022. The SAIN-LIM score of Hospital A (5.7 ± 1.1) was significantly higher than that of Hospitals C (4.8 ± 0.7, p = 0.001) and E (5.1 ± 0.7, p = 0.025). The carbon footprint of Hospital A was significantly lower (2.6 ± 0.3 kg CO2 eq/person/day) and that of Hospital D (4 ± 0.9 kg CO2 eq/person/day) was significantly higher than those of others (p < 0.001). While other menus were similar (p > 0.05), the water footprint of Hospital A was significantly lower (3.5 ± 0.7 L/kg, p < 0.001). In addition, if the menus were suitable for the Mediterranean diet, a reduction of 2.2–23.4% in the carbon footprint and 37.5–58.6% in the water footprint could be achieved. Moreover, menus’ carbon and water footprints were negatively correlated with NRF 9.3 and SAIN-LIM scores.

Research limitations/implications
The primary aim should be to ensure that the planned menus follow the dietary guidelines. In addition, it is an undeniable fact that sustainable nutrition is a complex process with many dimensions. However, it seems possible to improve the nutrient profiles of the menus and reduce their environmental footprint with minor changes to be made in food services.

Practical implications
It seems possible to improve the nutrient profiles of the menus and reduce their environmental footprint with minor changes. For both health and environmental impacts, food services should switch to menus suitable for the Mediterranean diet.

Originality/value
The findings provide new insights into hospital menus’ quality and environmental impact.
Association between executives’ foreign background and audit fees
Authors: Su Wunhong , Yin Chen 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the association between executives with foreign backgrounds and the audit fees paid by the Chinese-listed firms over the period from 2010 to 2020.

Design/methodology/approach
To examine the association between executives’ foreign experience and audit fees, this study constructs the following empirical model: Lnfeei,t = β0 + β1Foreign backgroundi,t + ∑βj Controli,t + YearFE + IndFE + εi,t (1).

Findings
This study finds that auditors charge higher fees for firms hiring more executives with foreign backgrounds. The results are robust to a battery of robustness checks, including fixed effects, alternative measures of independent variable, controlling for other characteristics of executives and auditors and entropy balancing method.

Originality/value
This study sheds light on how executives’ foreign backgrounds affect audit fees, enriching the literature on executive heterogeneity and audit fees and providing important implications for audit practitioners.
In situ TiC reinforced Ti6Al4V matrix composites manufactured via selective laser melting
Authors: Gülenç İdris Tuğrul , Bai Mingwen , Mitchell Ria L. , Todd Iain , Inkson Beverley J. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Current methods for the preparation of composite powder feedstock for selective laser melting (SLM) rely on costly nanoparticles or yield inconsistent powder morphology. This study aims to develop a cost-effective Ti6Al4V-carbon feedstock, which preserves the parent Ti6Al4V particle’s flowability, and produces in situ TiC-reinforced Ti6Al4V composites with superior traits.

Design/methodology/approach
Ti6Al4V particles were directly mixed with graphite flakes in a planetary ball mill. This composite powder feedstock was used to manufacture in situ TiC-Ti6Al4V composites using various energy densities. Relative porosity, microstructure and hardness of the composites were evaluated for different SLM processing parameters.

Findings
Homogeneously carbon-coated Ti6Al4V particles were produced by direct mixing. After SLM processing, in situ grown 100–500 nm size TiC nanoparticles were distributed within the α-martensite Ti6Al4V matrix. The formation of TiC particles refines the Ti6Al4V β grain size. Relative density varied between 96.4% and 99.5% depending on the processing parameters. Hatch distance, exposure time and point distance were all effective on relative porosity change, whereas only exposure time and point distance were effective on hardness change.

Originality/value
This work introduces a novel, cost-effective powder feedstock preparation method for SLM manufacture of Ti6Al4V-TiC composites. The in situ SLM composites achieved in this study have high relative density values, well-dispersed TiC nanoparticles and increased hardness. In addition, the feedstock preparation method can be readily adapted for various matrix and reinforcement materials in future studies.
Pediatric psoriasis: Understanding pathological conditions and advances in treatment
Authors: Morita Akimichi , Saeki Hidehisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is a long‐lasting skin disease that primarily affects the skin, nails, and joints and is characterized by inflammation. Genetic factors contribute to its development and environmental triggers can worsen symptoms. Pathologically, psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled keratinocyte proliferation and abnormal differentiation, and histological features include acanthosis with inflammatory cell infiltration and neovascularization. Psoriasis often starts in childhood, with about one‐third of cases beginning during this time. Its prevalence steadily increases from the ages of 1 to 18 years in a linear fashion. Young people with psoriasis often require treatment throughout their childhood and adolescence, and into adulthood. However, prolonged treatment may increase the risk of complications and adverse events, so it is important to adopt an effective treatment approach that minimizes this risk. In addition, psoriasis is often associated with various comorbidities that may place a great burden on the physical and mental health of the children beyond those due to psoriasis itself. To ensure good long‐term health outcomes, individuals with psoriasis should undergo regular screening. Treatment should be provided not only for skin lesions, but also for any comorbidities; however, currently there is not enough evidence on the treatment of pediatric psoriasis and no globally agreed‐on guidelines exist for treating psoriasis in children. This article describes the etiology, clinical symptoms, and disease burden of pediatric psoriasis, the pathological conditions and diagnosis of plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and generalized pustular psoriasis, and the available treatments for these conditions in Japan.
The olfactory system of Pieris brassicae caterpillars: from receptors to glomeruli
Authors: Wang Qi , Smid Hans M. , Dicke Marcel , Haverkamp Alexander 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe olfactory system of adult lepidopterans is among the best described neuronal circuits. However, comparatively little is known about the organization of the olfactory system in the larval stage of these insects. Here, we explore the expression of olfactory receptors and the organization of olfactory sensory neurons in caterpillars of Pieris brassicae, a significant pest species in Europe and a well‐studied species for its chemical ecology. To describe the larval olfactory system in this species, we first analyzed the head transcriptome of third‐instar larvae (L3) and identified 16 odorant receptors (ORs) including the OR coreceptor (Orco), 13 ionotropic receptors (IRs), and 8 gustatory receptors (GRs). We then quantified the expression of these 16 ORs in different life stages, using qPCR, and found that the majority of ORs had significantly higher expression in the L4 stage than in the L3 and L5 stages, indicating that the larval olfactory system is not static throughout caterpillar development. Using an Orco‐specific antibody, we identified all olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) expressing the Orco protein in L3, L4, and L5 caterpillars and found a total of 34 Orco‐positive ORNs, distributed among three sensilla on the antenna. The number of Orco‐positive ORNs did not differ among the three larval instars. Finally, we used retrograde axon tracing of the antennal nerve and identified a mean of 15 glomeruli in the larval antennal center (LAC), suggesting that the caterpillar olfactory system follows a similar design as the adult olfactory system, although with a lower numerical redundancy. Taken together, our results provide a detailed analysis of the larval olfactory neurons in P. brassicae, highlighting both the differences as well as the commonalities with the adult olfactory system. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the development of the olfactory system in insects and its life‐stage‐specific adaptations.
Ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis provides good functional and quality of life outcomes following proctocolectomy: A 33‐year single centre experience
Authors: Kanakaratne Shaveen , Hong Jonathan , Solomon Michael J. , Young Christopher J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRestorative proctocolectomy (RP) with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) remains the gold standard for the surgical management of patients with medically refractive mucosal ulcerative colitis. We aimed to identify functional and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in RP and IPAA surgery patients at our institution.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed including all patients who had undergone RP and IPAA between August 1984 and November 2017 at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPAH).Results316 consecutive patients were identified, median age 39 (range 5 to 81) years. The median duration of disease was 60 (range 1 to 528) months. Ulcerative colitis was the main preoperative diagnosis with the main RP indication being failure of medical treatment. The median postoperative stay post‐IPAA was 11 (range of 5 to 67) days. Pouchitis was the most common late complication (22.1%), bleeding pouch (3.5%) the earliest, with a 6.8% rate of symptomatic anastomotic leak. Visual analogue scale QOL measure (P‐value <0.001), St Marks incontinence score (P‐value = 0.001) and Cleveland clinic score (P‐value = 0.002) all revealed significant improvement in functional outcomes and QOL.ConclusionQOL and functional outcomes following RP with IPAA in patients at our institution are excellent and comparable to institutions with larger patient numbers.
Feasibility of a cannabidiol‐dominant cannabis‐based medicinal product for the treatment of long COVID symptoms: A single‐arm open‐label feasibility trial
Authors: Thurgur Hannah , Lynskey Michael , Schlag Anne Katrin , Croser Carol , Nutt David John , Iveson Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

AimsTo conduct a single‐arm open‐label feasibility trial of the safety and tolerability of a full‐spectrum cannabidiol (CBD)‐dominant cannabis‐based medicinal product for treating the symptoms of long COVID.MethodsThe treatment phase ran for a total of 21 weeks, followed by ~3 weeks without the study drug. Participants received up to 3 mL of MediCabilis 5% CBD Oil (50 mg CBD/mL, <2 mg δ‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol/mL) per day orally. Monthly patient‐reported outcome measures of common symptoms and daily self‐report of symptoms were collected via a smartphone app. Key measures of heart rate, activity, sleep and oxygen saturation were assessed using wearable technology.ResultsTwelve (1 male, 11 female) individuals diagnosed with long COVID were recruited into the trial. All participants adhered to the treatment protocol for the duration of the study and there were no serious adverse events. Response rates for the research assessments were high with over 90% completion of patient‐reported outcome measures and daily self‐report.ConclusionThe study drug was safe and well‐tolerated, demonstrating feasibility of CBD‐dominant cannabis‐based medicinal products in individuals diagnosed with long COVID. However, there were limitations in research design related to recruitment strategy demonstrating a lack of feasibility in the approach implemented in this study. Future work with larger samples and incorporating a control group are required to test the efficacy of this treatment.
Binder jetting 3D printing in fabricating pharmaceutical solid products for precision medicine
Authors: Wang Yingya , Genina Natalja , Müllertz Anette , Rantanen Jukka 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrent treatment strategies are moving towards patient‐centricity, which emphasizes the need for new solutions allowing for medication tailored to a patient. This can be realized by precision medicine where patient diversity is considered during treatment. However, the broader use of precision medicine is restricted by the current technological solutions and rigid manufacturing of pharmaceutical products by mass production principles. Additive manufacturing of pharmaceutical products can provide a feasible solution to this challenge. In this review, a particular subtype of additive manufacturing, that is, binder jetting 3D printing, is introduced as a solution for fabricating pharmaceutical solid products that can be considered as precision medicine. Technical aspects, practical applications, unique advantages and challenges related to this technique are discussed, indicating that binder jetting 3D printing possesses the potential for fabricating already new product prototypes, where diversity in patient treatment in terms of the needs for specific drug type, dose and drug release can be accounted. To further advance this type of mass customization of pharmaceuticals, multidisciplinary research initiatives are needed not only to cover the engineering aspects but also to bridge these innovations with patient‐centric perspectives.
Serious game the Emotion Detectives helps to improve social–emotional skills of children with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Löytömäki Joanna , Ohtonen Pasi , Huttunen Kerttu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChildren with neurodevelopmental disorders often have social–emotional difficulties. Serious games can be used to support their social–emotional learning. This study investigated if 6–10‐year‐old children with autism spectrum condition, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental language disorder would improve their emotion discrimination skills by playing a serious game. Intervention (n = 30) and control groups (n = 20), comprising children with neurodevelopmental disorders, and a group of typically developing (TD) age peers (n = 106), completed six emotion discrimination tasks. ABA research design was applied in this study. Prior to the game intervention, children with neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly delayed in relation to their TD age peers in all tasks. After playing the game for two months, the children in the intervention group had significantly improved their emotion discrimination skills in four tasks, whereas the control group had significantly advanced in only one task without practice. Intervention gains were maintained at the one‐month follow‐up. Parents reported that the children in the intervention group somewhat improved their emotion recognition and behavioural skills in daily life in comparison to the control group. Implications for practice are discussed.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders often exhibit various social–emotional symptoms.
Within the field of social–emotional learning, many serious games have a narrow focus on specific skills, and they often only provide possibilities for observing target behaviours, not actual skill training.
There are mixed results on the efficacy of game‐based interventions targeted at improving social–emotional skills.
What this paper adds

The Emotion Detectives game used in this study offers a well‐designed learning environment that provides adaptive learning and feedback systems.
The participating children's social–emotional skills were assessed with versatile methods and via triangulation.
Intervention with the Emotion Detectives game helped to decrease some emotion and behavioural symptoms of the players.
Implications for practice

This study provides information about the efficacy of a web‐based game that is freely available for supporting children's social–emotional learning.
Improvements in emotion discrimination and recognition, as well as behavioural skills, can be gained by playing serious games.
For optimal intervention outcomes, multimodal training should be utilized in serious games targeting social–emotional learning.
Children's distinct drive to reproduce costly rituals
Authors: Zhao Mingxuan , Fong Frankie T. K. , Whiten Andrew , Nielsen Mark 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCostly rituals are ubiquitous and adaptive. Yet, little is known about how children develop to acquire them. The current study examined children's imitation of costly rituals. Ninety‐three 4–6 year olds (47 girls, 45% Oceanians, tested in 2022) were shown how to place tokens into a tube to earn stickers, using either a ritualistic or non‐ritualistic costly action sequence. Children shown the ritualistic actions imitated faithfully at the expense of gaining stickers; conversely, those shown the non‐ritualistic actions ignored them and obtained maximum reward. This highlights how preschool children are adept at and motivated to learn rituals, despite significant material cost. This study provides insights into the early development of cultural learning and the adaptive value of rituals in group cognition.
Disrupted topological organization of the default mode network in mild cognitive impairment with subsyndromal depression: A graph theoretical analysis
Authors: Du Yang , Nie Jing , Zhang Jian‐Ye , Fang Yuan , Wei Wen‐Jing , Wang Jing‐Hua , Zhang Shao‐Wei , Wang Jin‐Hong , Li Xia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsSubsyndromal depression (SSD) is common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the neural mechanisms underlying MCI with SSD (MCID) are unclear. The default mode network (DMN) is associated with cognitive processes and depressive symptoms. Therefore, we aimed to explore the topological organization of the DMN in patients with MCID.MethodsForty‐two MCID patients, 34 MCI patients without SSD (MCIND), and 36 matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. The resting‐state functional connectivity of the DMN of the participants was analyzed using a graph theoretical approach. Correlation analyses of network topological metrics, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function were conducted. Moreover, support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed based on topological metrics to distinguish MCID from MCIND. Finally, we used 10 repeats of 5‐fold cross‐validation for performance verification.ResultsWe found that the global efficiency and nodal efficiency of the left anterior medial prefrontal cortex (aMPFC) of the MCID group were significantly lower than the MCIND group. Moreover, small‐worldness and global efficiency were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms in MCID, and the nodal efficiency of the left lateral temporal cortex and left aMPFC was positively correlated with cognitive function in MCID. In cross‐validation, the SVM model had an accuracy of 0.83 [95% CI 0.79–0.87], a sensitivity of 0.88 [95% CI 0.86–0.90], a specificity of 0.75 [95% CI 0.72–0.78] and an area under the curve of 0.88 [95% CI 0.85–0.91].ConclusionsThe coexistence of MCI and SSD was associated with the greatest disrupted topological organization of the DMN. The network topological metrics could identify MCID and serve as biomarkers of different clinical phenotypic presentations of MCI.
Lessons From the Field. Chronic disease: Action for post‐pandemic wellness and health
Authors: Contreras Dawn A. , Dalimonte‐Merckling Danielle , Demitz Christi R. , Anderson Laura , Carter Anita , Cudney Abigail , Derror Tanner , Felix‐Mottley Zelda , Gritter Kai N. , Hebert Sheilah , Persing‐Wethington Nicole , Tiret Holly B. , Williams Elizabeth 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aim to share practical insight acquired while implementing the Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program (CDSMP), offering strategies to reach and support diverse individuals with chronic diseases.BackgroundIn light of a global rise in chronic diseases, existing health disparities, and increasingly limited health care access, exacerbated by COVID‐19, empowering individuals through self‐management becomes important to alleviate burdens for families, individuals, and healthcare systems.MethodsUptake and effectiveness of CDSMP were quantified via enrollment data and evaluation instruments. Qualitative exploration of instructor feedback provided lessons learned.ResultsParticipation in CDSMP courses increased during the pandemic with participants reporting greater confidence and frequency of engagement in self‐management activities. Strategic efforts including partnership‐building, targeted marketing, and innovative delivery methods played a pivotal role in recruitment success. Inclusivity measures, such as use of electronic platforms and varied engagement options, broadened program accessibility. Addressing social isolation emerged as a key factor, both as an end in itself and as a motivator for course engagement and retention.ConclusionReducing barriers related to program accessibility, inclusivity, and social isolation are important factors influencing program enrollment both in total number and in diversity of participants, course engagement and retention, and program effectiveness.ImplicationsLessons learned can inform future implementation as family educators seek to uplift and improve the well‐being and health of diverse families coping with chronic diseases.