bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental Stress, Infant Feeding and Well-being in Families Affected by Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate: The Impact of Early Follow-up
Authors: Lindberg Nina Ellefsen , Kynø Nina Margrethe , Feragen Kristin Billaud , Pripp Are Hugo , Tønseth Kim Alexander 
Published: February 2024

Objective To document the impact of early follow-up by specialized cleft nurses (SCNs) provided to families affected by cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and the status of parental stress, infant feeding and well-being. Design Prospective inclusion of a control group, which only received standard care, followed by an intervention group that also received early SCN follow-up. Setting The cleft lip and palate team at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Participants Seventy families (69 mothers and 57 fathers) distributed into an intervention group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 38). Intervention SCNs provided a consultation at the maternity ward and a follow-up conversation by phone or face-to-face at scheduled times for six months. Outcome measures Parental Stress Index (PSI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), feeding questionnaire, survey of infant diets, weight percentiles. Results The mothers reported higher stress scores than the fathers, but in the control group only in the PSI parent domain at T2 and T3 ( P = .007, P = .018). Infants in the intervention group used pacifiers less frequently than in the control group (55.2% vs. 81.1%, P = .023). Otherwise, no significant differences were found between the groups. Overall, the infants received less breast milk than norms. Conclusion Contextual strategies for early follow-up of families affected by clefts need to be developed, with an emphasis on involving fathers and those parents reporting elevated stress and/or feeding difficulties. There is a need for diagnosis-specific guidelines about the use of pacifiers as well as collaboration between the health professionals involved to increase breastmilk feeding.
A comparative study of the knowledge and practices related to menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in urban and rural areas of Sindh, Pakistan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Aziz Amina , Memon Salma , Aziz Farhana , Memon Farzana , Khowaja Bakhtawar M Hanif , Naeem Zafar Shehla 
Published: February 2024

Background: Menstrual hygiene management plays a significant role in the achievement of sustainable development goals, including good health and well-being, quality education, gender equality, women’s empowerment, and sanitation. Even though the United Nations emphasizes menstrual hygiene management as a global public health and human rights issue, studies from different parts of the world have shown there is a lack of policies in this area that affects adolescent girls. Objective: The study aimed to assess the menstrual-related knowledge and practices of adolescent girls (10–18 years) attending urban and rural public schools of district Khairpur of province Sindh of Pakistan. Design: This research is an analytical cross-sectional study design. Methods: Adolescent girls ( n = 310), 159 girls from urban and 159 girls from rural schools, were enrolled. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Knowledge was considered satisfactory if the participant scored ⩾12/20, and <12/20 was considered unsatisfactory knowledge. Practice scores were considered good for >10 and poor for <10. Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were calculated. The chi-square test was used to assess and compare the differences between practices and knowledge of menstrual hygiene management between urban and rural adolescent school girls. Results: We found significant differences in menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls between urban and rural areas. Approximately two-thirds of the total school girls thought that school management had inadequate resources and toilet facilities (rural: 76% versus urban: 62%). The major source of knowledge in adolescent rural and urban girls for menstrual-related matters was mothers. More girls from the urban school (81%) were aware of using sanitary pads during menstruation. The majority of the girls from urban areas showed satisfactory knowledge whereas only 38% of rural girls were shown to have satisfactory results. Nearly 71% of urban girls were found to have good practices when compared with rural girls (12%). Conclusion: With further importance by the United Nations on female education in less developed regions, where the health of women is usually given less importance, policies are required on the inclusion of reproductive health of female adolescents in the curriculum.
Barriers and facilitators for recruiting and retaining male participants into longitudinal health research: a systematic review
Authors: Borg Danielle J. , Haritopoulou-Sinanidou Melina , Gabrovska Pam , Tseng Hsu-Wen , Honeyman David , Schweitzer Daniel , Rae Kym M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Successfully recruiting male participants to complete a healthcare related study is important for healthcare study completion and to advance our clinical knowledgebase. To date, most research studies have examined the barriers and facilitators of female participants in longitudinal healthcare-related studies with limited information available about the needs of males in longitudinal research. This systematic review examines the unique barriers and facilitators to male recruitment across longitudinal healthcare-related research studies.

Methods
Following PRIMSA guidelines, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using the terms recruitment and/or retention, facilitators and/or barriers and longitudinal studies from 1900 to 2023 which contained separate data on males aged 17–59 years. Health studies or interventions were defined longitudinal if they were greater than or equal to 12 weeks in duration with 3 separate data collection visits.

Results
Twenty-four articles published from 1976–2023 met the criteria. One-third of the studies had a predominantly male sample and four studies recruited only male participants. Males appear disinterested towards participation in health research, however this lack of enthusiasm can be overcome by clear, non-directive communication, and studies that support the participants interests. Facilitating factors are diverse and may require substantial time from research teams.

Conclusions
Future research should focus on the specific impact of these factors across the spectrum of longitudinal health-related studies. Based on the findings of this systematic review, researchers from longitudinal health-related clinical trials are encouraged to consider male-specific recruitment strategies to ensure successful recruitment and retention in their studies.

Registration
This systemic review is registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42021254696).
Reading of small bowel capsule endoscopy after frame reduction using an artificial intelligence algorithm
Authors: Oh Dong Jun , Hwang Youngbae , Kim Sang Hoon , Nam Ji Hyung , Jung Min Kyu , Lim Yun Jeong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Poorly visualized images that appear during small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) can confuse the interpretation of small bowel lesions and increase the physician’s workload. Using a validated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that can evaluate the mucosal visualization, we aimed to assess whether SBCE reading after the removal of poorly visualized images could affect the diagnosis of SBCE.

Methods
A study was conducted to analyze 90 SBCE cases in which a small bowel examination was completed. Two experienced endoscopists alternately performed two types of readings. They used the AI algorithm to remove poorly visualized images for the frame reduction reading (AI user group) and conducted whole frame reading without AI (AI non-user group) for the same patient. A poorly visualized image was defined as an image with < 50% mucosal visualization. The study outcomes were diagnostic concordance and reading time between the two groups. The SBCE diagnosis was classified as Crohn’s disease, bleeding, polyp, angiodysplasia, and nonspecific finding.

Results
The final SBCE diagnoses between the two groups showed statistically significant diagnostic concordance (k = 0.954, p < 0.001). The mean number of lesion images was 3008.5 ± 9964.9 in the AI non-user group and 1401.7 ± 4811.3 in the AI user group. There were no cases in which lesions were completely removed. Compared with the AI non-user group (120.9 min), the reading time was reduced by 35.6% in the AI user group (77.9 min).

Conclusions
SBCE reading after reducing poorly visualized frames using the AI algorithm did not have a negative effect on the final diagnosis. SBCE reading method integrated with frame reduction and mucosal visualization evaluation will help improve AI-assisted SBCE interpretation.
First effectiveness data of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab as first-line therapy in advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Soll Dominik , Bischoff Philip , Frisch Anne , Jensen Marie , Karadeniz Zehra , Mogl Martina T. , Horst David , Penzkofer Tobias , Spranger Joachim , Keilholz Ulrich , Mai Knut 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm. We still lack effective treatment options, so survival rates remain very low. Here, we aimed to evaluate the activity of the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab as systemic first-line therapy in ATC.

Methods
In a retrospective analysis, we investigated the activity and tolerability of combined lenvatinib (starting dose 14 to 24 mg daily) and pembrolizumab (200 mg every three weeks) as first-line therapy in an institutional cohort of ATC patients.

Results
Five patients with metastatic ATC received lenvatinib and pembrolizumab as systemic first-line therapy. The median progression-free survival was 4.7 (range 0.8–5.9) months, and the median overall survival was 6.3 (range 0.8-not reached) months. At the first follow-up, one patient had partial response, three patients had stable disease, and one patient was formally not evaluable due to interference of assessment by concomitant acute infectious thyroiditis. This patient was then stable for more than one year and was still on therapy at the data cutoff without disease progression. Further analyses revealed deficient DNA mismatch repair, high CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration, and low macrophage infiltration in this patient. Of the other patients, two had progressive disease after adverse drug reactions and therapy de-escalation, and two died after the first staging. For all patients, the PD-L1 combined positive score ranged from 12 to 100%.

Conclusions
The combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab was effective and moderately tolerated in treatment-naïve ATC patients with occasional long-lasting response. However, we could not confirm the exceptional responses for this combination therapy reported before in pretreated patients.
Spatio-temporal modelling of referrals to outpatient respiratory clinics in the integrated care system of the Morecambe Bay area, England
Authors: Mountain Rachael , Knight Jo , Heys Kelly , Giorgi Emanuele , Gatheral Timothy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Promoting integrated care is a key goal of the NHS Long Term Plan to improve population respiratory health, yet there is limited data-driven evidence of its effectiveness. The Morecambe Bay Respiratory Network is an integrated care initiative operating in the North-West of England since 2017. A key target area has been reducing referrals to outpatient respiratory clinics by upskilling primary care teams. This study aims to explore space-time patterns in referrals from general practice in the Morecambe Bay area to evaluate the impact of the initiative.

Methods
Data on referrals to outpatient clinics and chronic respiratory disease patient counts between 2012-2020 were obtained from the Morecambe Bay Community Data Warehouse, a large store of routinely collected healthcare data. For analysis, the data is aggregated by year and small area geography. The methodology comprises of two parts. The first explores the issues that can arise when using routinely collected primary care data for space-time analysis and applies spatio-temporal conditional autoregressive modelling to adjust for data complexities. The second part models the rate of outpatient referral via a Poisson generalised linear mixed model that adjusts for changes in demographic factors and number of respiratory disease patients.

Results
The first year of the Morecambe Bay Respiratory Network was not associated with a significant difference in referral rate. However, the second and third years saw significant reductions in areas that had received intervention, with full intervention associated with a 31.8% (95% CI 17.0-43.9) and 40.5% (95% CI 27.5-50.9) decrease in referral rate in 2018 and 2019, respectively.

Conclusions
Routinely collected data can be used to robustly evaluate key outcome measures of integrated care. The results demonstrate that effective integrated care has real potential to ease the burden on respiratory outpatient services by reducing the need for an onward referral. This is of great relevance given the current pressure on outpatient services globally, particularly long waiting lists following the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for more innovative models of care.
Poor quality of sleep and musculoskeletal pains among highly trained and elite athletes in Senegal
Authors: Mekoulou Ndongo Jerson , Bika Lele Elysée Claude , Malam Moussa Ahmet Hassane , Guessogo Wiliam Richard , Wiliam Mbang Biang , Guyot Jessica , Rozand Vianey , Ahmadou  , Ayina Ayina Clarisse Noel , Kojom Foko Loick Pradel , Barth Nathalie , Bongue Bienvenu , Ba Abdoulaye , Samb Abdoulaye , Roche Fréderic , Mandengue Samuel Honoré , Assomo-Ndemba Peguy Brice 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies reported that poor sleep quality (PSQ) was associated with musculoskeletal pains (MSP) and poor physical performance in athletes.

Objective
The current study aimed at determining PSQ and its associations with MSP in some sub-Saharan athletes.

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted among 205 highly trained and 115 elite athletes (aged: 25 ± 2 years, Body mass index: 22.8 ± 0.9 kg/m2) in Dakar, Senegal, during a competitive season in a variety of sport disciplines including athletics, basketball, football, rugby, wrestling, tennis. Quality of sleep and MSP were assessed using the French version Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and French version of Nordic questionnaire respectively. Pain on body joints during a week was defined as seven-day MSP (MSP-7d) and PSQ for a PSQI > 5.

Results
27.8% (95%CI: 23.2–32.9) of the overall sample suffered PSQ, with 33.7% (95%CI: 24.7–44.0) in basketball and 24.7% (95%CI: 16.9–34.6) in football. According to athletic status and gender, PSQ was more prevalent among highly trained (66.3; 95%CI: 55.9–75.3) and men (69.7%; 95%CI: 59.5–78.7). Among athletes with PSQ 43.8% (95%CI: 33.9–54.2) suffered MSP-7d, with 36.6%; highly trained (95%CI: 23.7–42.9) and 28.1% female. Considering body region, hips/thigh (14.6%; 95% CI: 8.74–23.4) and upper back (13.5%; 95%CI: 7.88 -21, 1) were more affected. Basketball players were more affected from MSP (MSP-7d = 38.5%; 95%CI: 24. 9–54.1) on high on wrists/hands (MSP-7d = 44.4%; 95%CI: 18.9 -73.3; P = 0.04). Based on athletic status, MSP-7d were higher on highly trained necks (100%; 95%CI: 56.1–100; p = 0.04). PSQ was associated with basketball (OR: 3.062, 95%CI: 1.130–8.300, p = 0.02) compared to Athletic. PSQ and MSP-7d were associated on Wrist/hands (OR: 3.352, 95%CI: 1.235–9.099, p = 0.01), and at the upper back (OR: 5.820, 95%CI: 2.096–16.161, p = 0.0007).

Conclusion
These results indicate that PSQ is considerable among Senegalese athletes and is associated with MSP during a week. Hence, we recommend to look for strategies optimizing good quality of sleep in order to reduce pains, to improve health.
XBP1-mediated transcriptional regulation of SLC5A1 in human epithelial cells in disease conditions
Authors: Sun Yifei , Zhang Yihan , Zhang Jifeng , Chen Y. Eugene , Jin Jian-Ping , Zhang Kezhong , Mou Hongmei , Liang Xiubin , Xu Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Sodium-Glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 (SGLT1/2) belong to the family of glucose transporters, encoded by SLC5A1 and SLC5A2, respectively. SGLT2 is almost exclusively expressed in the renal proximal convoluted tubule cells. SGLT1 is expressed in the kidneys but also in other organs throughout the body. Many SGLT inhibitor drugs have been developed based on the mechanism of blocking glucose (re)absorption mediated by SGLT1/2, and several have gained major regulatory agencies’ approval for treating diabetes. Intriguingly these drugs are also effective in treating diseases beyond diabetes, for example heart failure and chronic kidney disease. We recently discovered that SGLT1 is upregulated in the airway epithelial cells derived from patients of cystic fibrosis (CF), a devastating genetic disease affecting greater than 70,000 worldwide.

Results
In the present work, we show that the SGLT1 upregulation is coupled with elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, indicated by activation of the primary ER stress senor inositol-requiring protein 1α (IRE1α) and the ER stress-induced transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), in CF epithelial cells, and in epithelial cells of other stress conditions. Through biochemistry experiments, we demonstrated that the spliced form of XBP1 (XBP1s) acts as a transcription factor for SLC5A1 by directly binding to its promoter region. Targeting this ER stress → SLC5A1 axis by either the ER stress inhibitor Rapamycin or the SGLT1 inhibitor Sotagliflozin was effective in attenuating the ER stress response and reducing the SGLT1 level in these cellular model systems.

Conclusions
The present work establishes a causal relationship between ER stress and SGLT1 upregulation and provides a mechanistic explanation why SGLT inhibitor drugs benefit diseases beyond diabetes.
Biochar improves the nutrient cycle in sandy-textured soils and increases crop yield: a systematic review
Authors: Bekchanova Madina , Campion Luca , Bruns Stephan , Kuppens Tom , Lehmann Johannes , Jozefczak Marijke , Cuypers Ann , Malina Robert 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Biochar is a relatively new development in sustainable agricultural management that can be applied to ameliorate degraded and less fertile soils, especially sandy-textured ones, to improve their productivity with respect to crop production through improved nutrient availability. However, as the literature has shown, the response of sandy-textured soils to biochar varies in terms of effect size and direction. Therefore, the present study systematically reviewed the available evidence to synthesize the impact of biochar amendments on aspects of the nutrient cycle of sandy-textured soils.

Methods
Both peer-reviewed and gray literature were searched in English in bibliographic databases, organizational web pages, and Internet search engines. Articles underwent a two-stage screening (title and abstract, and full-text) based on predefined criteria, with consistency checks. Validity assessments were conducted, utilizing specifically designed tools for study validity. Data extraction involved categorizing the various properties of the nutrient cycle into nine main Soil and Plant Properties (SPPs), each of which was studied independently. Nine meta-analyses were performed using a total of 1609 observations derived from 92 articles. Comparing meta-averages with and without correction for publication bias suggests that publication bias plays a minor role in the literature, while some indication for publication bias is found when accounting for heterogeneity by means of meta-regressions.

Review findings
According to the results, soil total and available nitrogen [N], phosphorous [P] and potassium [K], plant nutrient level, and potential cation exchange capacity (CEC) increased by 36% (CI [23%, 50%]), 34% (CI [15%, 57%]), 15% (CI [1%, 31%]), and 18% (CI [3%, 36%), respectively, and N2O emission and mineral nutrient leaching decreased by 29% (CI [− 48%, − 3%]) and 38% (CI [− 56%, − 13%). On average, however, biochar had no effect on soil mineral nitrogen and nutrient use efficiency. Publication bias was identified in the response of effective CEC. After corrections for publication bias, the response shifted from 36% to a negative value of − 34% (CI [− 50%, − 14%]). Meta-regression found that the effect modifiers experimental continent, biochar application rate, and soil pH, explain result heterogeneity. Stronger responses came from the continent of South America, higher application rates, and higher pH soils. Overall, biochar is found useful for many SPPs of nutrient cycling of sandy-textured soils, thereby contributing to increased crop yields in such soils.
The prevalence and clinical context of antimicrobial resistance amongst medical inpatients at a referral hospital in Rwanda: a cohort study
Authors: Bizimungu Olivier , Crook Peter , Babane Jean Félix , Bitunguhari Léopold 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global concern. AMR surveillance is a crucial component of the international response; however, passive surveillance of laboratory data is limited without corresponding patient-level clinical data. This study sought to examine the burden of AMR amongst medical inpatients in Rwanda, in the context of their clinical presentations and prior antibiotic exposures.

Methods
This cohort study was conducted over a 9-month period at a tertiary referral hospital in Kigali, Rwanda. We enrolled 122 adult medical inpatients with a history of fever and a positive microbiological culture result. Data were collected regarding the clinical and microbiological aspects of their admission.

Results
The most common diagnoses were urinary tract infection (n = 36, 30%), followed by pneumonia (n = 30, 25%) and bacteraemia (11 primary [9%] and 10 catheter-related [8%]). The most common pathogens were E. coli (n = 40, 33%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 36, 30%). The cohort were heavily antibiotic-exposed at the time of culture with 98% of patients (n = 119) having received an antibiotic prior to culture, with a median exposure of 3 days (IQR 2–4 days). Eighty patients (66%) were specifically prescribed ceftriaxone at the time of culture. Gram-negative organisms predominated (82% [100/122]) and exhibited high rates of resistance, with only 27% (21/77) being susceptible to ceftriaxone, 2.4% (2/82) susceptible to co-amoxiclav and 44% (8/18) susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Susceptibility amongst Gram-negatives was relatively preserved to amikacin (91%, 79/87) and imipenem (85%, 70/82). There were no cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (0/12) or vancomycin-resistant enterococci (0/2). Discordant antibiotic therapy was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (OR 6.87, 95%CI 1.80–45.1, p = 0.014).

Conclusions
This cohort highlights high rates of resistance amongst Gram-negative organisms in Rwanda, including the presence of carbapenem resistance. Nonetheless, the detailed prescribing data also highlight the challenges of using routine laboratory data to infer broader AMR prevalence. The significant exposure to empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy prior to culturing introduces a selection bias and risks over-estimating the burden of resistant organisms. Broadening access to microbiological services and active surveillance outside of teaching hospitals are essential to support national and international efforts to curb the growth of AMR in low-resource settings.