bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Risk Factors for Adrenal Crisis in Pediatric-onset Adrenal Insufficiency: A Prospective Study
Authors: Hosokawa Mayumi , Ichihashi Yosuke , Sato Yasunori , Shibata Nao , Nagasaki Keisuke , Ikegawa Kento , Hasegawa Yukihiro , Hamajima Takashi , Nagamatsu Fusa , Suzuki Shigeru , Numakura Chikahiko , Amano Naoko , Sasaki Goro , Nagahara Keiko , Soneda Shun , Ariyasu Daisuke , Maeda Miwako , Kamasaki Hotaka , Aso Keiko , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Ishii Tomohiro 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Context
Adrenal crisis (AC) is a life-threatening complication that occurs during follow-up of patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI). No prospective study has thoroughly investigated AC in children with primary and secondary AI.

Objective
This work aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for AC in patients with pediatric-onset AI.

Methods
This multicenter, prospective cohort study conducted in Japan enrolled patients diagnosed with AI at age ≤15 years. The incidence of AC was calculated as events per person-year (PY), and risk factors for AC were assessed using Poisson regression multivariable analysis.

Results
The study population comprised 349 patients (164 male, 185 female) with a total follow-up of 961 PY. The median age at enrollment was 14.3 years (interquartile range [IQR] 8.5-21.2 years), and the median follow-up was 2.8 years (IQR 2.2-3.3 years). Of these patients, 213 (61%) had primary AI and 136 (39%) had secondary AI. Forty-one AC events occurred in 31 patients during the study period. The calculated incidence of AC was 4.27 per 100 PY (95% CI, 3.15-5.75). Poisson regression analysis identified younger age at enrollment (relative risk [RR] 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.97) and increased number of infections (RR 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07-1.27) as significant risk factors. Female sex (RR 0.99; 95% CI, 0.53-1.86), primary AI (RR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.30-1.41), or equivalent dosage of hydrocortisone per square meter of body area (RR 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.08) was not a significant risk factor.

Conclusion
A substantial proportion of patients with pediatric-onset AI experience AC. Younger age and an increased number of infections are independent risk factors for developing AC in these patients.
Feasibility of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Performed by Trainees During Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Ortner Clemens M. , Sheikh Maria , Athar M. Waseem , Padilla Cesar , Guo Nan , Carvalho Brendan 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Anesthesiology experts advocate for formal education in maternal critical care, including the use of focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) in high-acuity obstetric units. While benefits and feasibility of FCU performed by experts have been well documented, little evidence exists on the feasibility of FCU acquired by examiners with limited experience. The primary aim of this study was to assess how often echocardiographic images of sufficient quality to guide clinical decision-making were attained by trainees with limited experience performing FCU in term parturients undergoing cesarean delivery (CD).

METHODS:
In this prospective cohort study, healthy term parturients (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] ≤ 3, ≥37 weeks of gestation) with singleton pregnancy, body mass index (BMI) <40 kg/m2, and no history of congenital and acquired cardiac disease undergoing scheduled, elective CD were recruited by a trainee. After undergoing standardized training, including an 8-hour online E-learning module, a 1-day hands-on FCU course, and 20 to 30 supervised scans until the trainee was assessed competent in image acquisition, 8 trainees with limited FCU experience performed apical 4-chamber (A4CH), parasternal long-axis (PLAX), and short-axis (PSAX) view preoperatively after spinal anesthesia (SPA) and intraoperatively after neonatal delivery (ND). Obtained FCU images were graded 1 to 5 by 2 blinded instructors (1 = no image to 5 = perfect image obtainable; ≥3 defined as image quality sufficient for clinical decision-making).

RESULTS:
Following the screening of 95 women, 8 trainees with limited FCU experience each performed a median of 5 [3–8] FCUs in a total of 64 women. Images of sufficient quality were obtainable in 61 (95.3 %) and 57 (89.1 %) of women after SPA and ND, respectively. FCU images of perfect image quality were obtainable in 9 (14.1 %) and 7 (10.9 %) women preoperatively after SPA and intraoperatively after ND, respectively. A PLAX, PSAX, and A4CH view with grade ≥3 was obtained in 53 (82.8 %), 58 (90.6 %) and 40 (62.5 %) of women preoperatively after SPA and in 50 (78.1 %), 49 (76.6 %), and 29 (45.3 %) of women intraoperatively after ND. Left ventricular function could be assessed in 39 of 40 women (97.5 %) preoperatively after SPA and 39 of 40 (97.5%) intraoperatively after ND. Right ventricular function could be assessed in 31 of 40 (77.5 %) after SPA and in 23 of 40 (59%) after ND. We observed a difference in image grading between different trainees in the AP4CH-view (P = .0001). No difference in image grading was found between preoperative and intraoperative FCUs.

CONCLUSIONS:
FCU is feasible in the parturient undergoing CD and images of sufficient quality for clinical decision-making were obtained by trainees with limited experience in almost all parturients. Image acquisition and quality in the A4CH view may be impacted by the individual trainee performing the FCU.
What is complex allometry?
Authors: Packard Gary C. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Complex allometry describes a smooth, curvilinear relationship between logarithmic transformations of a biological variable and a corresponding measure for body size when the observations are displayed on a bivariate graph with linear scaling. The curvature in such a display is commonly captured by fitting a quadratic equation to the distribution; and the quadratic term is typically interpreted, in turn, to mean that the mathematically equivalent equation for describing the arithmetic distribution is a two-parameter power equation with an exponent that changes with body size. A power equation with an exponent that is itself a function of body size is virtually uninterpretable, yet numerous attempts have been made in recent years to incorporate such an exponent into theoretical models for the evolution of form and function in both plants and animals. However, the curvature that is described by a quadratic equation fitted to logarithms usually means that an explicit, non-zero intercept is required in the power equation describing the untransformed distribution — not that the exponent in the power equation varies with body size. Misperceptions that commonly accompany reports of complex allometry can be avoided by using nonlinear regression to examine untransformed data.
MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE INVESTMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Trunina Oksana Yu. 
Published: December 2023

Currently, the venture investment market, despite changes in the economy, is in a stage of transformation. The development of startups and their implementation in various sectors of the economy dictates its own rules in the development of venture investments. During the period under study, the market reached a historical maximum in terms of investment volume.
The purpose of the study: consider the main indicators characterizing the state of the venture investment market in Russia, dynamics in the period from 2019 to 2023. Their analysis was carried out, the main trends of evolution were identified. The specific features of the Russian market are also discussed and measures are proposed for the further development of this sector.
Materials and methods. The methodological basis of this study is the analysis of regulatory documentation, classification, and generalization.
Results: It is shown that the development of the Russian venture investment market requires its adaptation to the current geopolitical and economic situation. Government support can play a big role in this adaptation.
Practical implications: The results obtained can be used as a basis for developing strategies for the development of venture investments in the Russian market.
UPDATING SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECT OF CONTENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Shishlova Ekaterina E. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article analyzes sociocultural conditionality of education content, considers the necessity of its enrichment with humanistic sociocultural values demanded in professional activity of a graduate in multicultural changing world.
The purpose of the article is to conceptualize the world-view essence of the sociocultural discourse and its defining role in updating content of education as the necessary condition for bringing up a competent specialist.
Objectives of the article are to analyse the problem of updating education content in the context of modern concepts of humanization; determine the essence and structure of the sociocultural aspect of professional training at a modern university; presentation of the conditions for updating the sociocultural aspect of the content of education in the activities of a university teacher.
Methodology. In order to achieve the goal, we studied the concept of humanization of education with methodological instruments of social philosophy, anthropology, cultural studies, considering the increasing role of the value aspect in the content of education.
Results. The scientific novelty of the article is in determining vector for updating the content of education and showing relevance of its sociocultural aspect for the first time in the context of interrelationship of global humanism, universal evolutionism and post-nonclassical rationality. The article reveals the worldview essence of the sociocultural aspect of the content of education and proves the importance to update it for both humanities and natural sciences. We also propose the structure of the sociocultural aspect and possible ways to renew it in the context of cultural science. Of practical importance are the conditions outlined in the study for updating the content of education, a special place among which belongs to the teacher’s ability to reflect on its hidden component as a significant channel for transmitting sociocultural humanistic values. Conclusion. Education that meets sociocultural challenges of changing world by updating its content serves as an indicator of the quality of professional training at universities, ensures bringing up socioculturally competent specialists capable of resolving contradictions in the modern world and ready to maintain its sustainable development.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among war-affected residents in Woldia town, North East Ethiopia, 2022; community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kassaye Abenet , Demilew Demeke , Fanta Biruk , Mulat Haregewoin , Ali Dawed , Seid Jemal , Mulugeta Abiy , Dereje Jerman 
Published: December 2023

Introduction
Post-traumatic stress disorder is marked by increased stress and anxiety following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event. Events of conflict and war-related traumas were commonly reported situations and people who have undergone through have a higher tendency to develop PTSD Woldia town had been under a serious military surge and a five-month encroachment, so the expected destruction in property, impact on physical, social and mental health of civilians was potentially high. More importantly, there is no study that investigated the significance of association between war-related traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in the area. so this study aims to assess prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and its associated factors among war-affected residents in Woldia town, North East Ethiopia, 2022.

Method
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed by using a multi-stage systematic random sampling technique from May-15 to June-15/2022. A total of 609 participants were enrolled. PTSD was measured by the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Data were entered by Epi data version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using STATA version 14. Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify associated factors to PTSD and P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
The overall prevalence of PTSD was 56.28%. Destruction/looting of property (AOR = 1.6,95%CI,1.11–2.47), murder/injury of family member (AOR = 2.1,95% CI,1.37–3.22), witness of murder of family member/others (AOR = 1.6,95% CI,1.01–2.71), unlawful imprisonment (AOR = 1.7, 95%CI, 1.06–2.74), depression (AOR = 2, 95%CI, 1.37–2.93), anxiety (AOR = 3.3, 95%CI,2.26–4.97), experience trauma on themselves (AOR = 2.0,95%CI,1.22–3.58), poor (AOR = 3.1,95%CI,1.60–6.04) and moderate (AOR = 3.0, 95%CI, 1.56–5.87) social support were statistically associated with PTSD at a p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion
The study reveals that the prevalence of PTSD was high in Woldia town following an armed conflict between Federal Government and Tigray forces. Destruction/looting of property, murder/injury of family, witness murder of family/others, unlawful imprisonment, depression, anxiety, experience on themselves, poor and moderate social support were statistically associated with PTSD. Hence, encourage organization working on mental health, routine patient assessment with a history of trauma, facilitating means to support affected residents is recommended.
Factors influencing COVID-19 mortality among cancer patients: A Brazilian multi-institutional study
Authors: da Silva Jessé Lopes , de Souza Bruno Santos Wance , de Albuquerque Lucas Zanetti , Aleixo Sabina Bandeira , Resende Gilmara Anne da Silva , de Oliveira Daniela Galvão Barros , dos Santos Emerson Neves , Nogueira-Rodrigues Angélica , Clara Renan Orsati , Gaui Maria de Fatima Dias , Mota Augusto Cesar de Andrade , de Lima Vladmir Claudio Cordeiro , Rosa Daniela Dornelles , Munhoz Rodrigo Ramella , Morbeck Igor Alexandre Protzner , Gelatti Ana Caroline Zimmer , Mathias Clarissa Maria de Cerqueira , de Melo Andréia Cristina 
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of cancer patients with COVID-19, exploring factors associated with adverse outcomes.

Patients and methods
This retrospective cohort study methodically extracted and curated data from electronic medical records (EMRs) of numerous healthcare institutions on cancer patients diagnosed with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between May 2020 and August 2021, to identify risk factors linked to extended hospitalization and mortality. The retrieved information encompassed the patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, including the incidence of prolonged hospitalization, acute complications, and COVID-19-related mortality.

Results
A total of 1446 cancer patients with COVID-19 were identified (mean [Standard deviation] age, 59.2 [14.3] years). Most patients were female (913 [63.1%]), non-white (646 [44.7%]), with non-metastatic (818 [56.6%]) solid tumors (1318 [91.1%]), and undergoing chemotherapy (647 [44.7%]). The rate of extended hospitalization due to COVID-19 was 46% (n = 665), which was significantly impacted by age (p = 0.012), sex (p = 0.003), race and ethnicity (p = 0.049), the presence of two or more comorbidities (p = 0.006), hematologic malignancies (p = 0.013), metastatic disease (p = 0.002), and a performance status ≥ 2 (p = 0.001). The COVID-19-related mortality rate was 18.9% (n = 273), and metastatic disease (<0.001), performance status ≥2 (<0.001), extended hospitalization (p = 0.028), renal failure (p = 0.029), respiratory failure (p < 0.001), sepsis (p = 0.004), and shock (p = 0.040) significantly and negatively influenced survival.

Conclusion
The rate of extended hospitalization and COVID-19-specific death in cancer patients was notably high and could be influenced by comorbidities, cancer treatment status, and clinical fragility. These observations may aid in developing risk counseling strategies regarding COVID-19 in individuals diagnosed with cancer.
Association between red blood cell distribution width/albumin ratio and all-cause mortality or cardiovascular diseases mortality in patients with diabetic retinopathy: A cohort study
Authors: Fu Weina , Hu Feng , Xu Caiyun 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundRed blood cell distribution width/albumin ratio (RAR) has been reported as an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy (DR), while its association and predictive value in the prognosis of DR patients has not been reported. This study aims to explore the association and predictive value of RAR in the prognosis of DR patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The independent variable was RAR, and dependent variables were all-cause mortality and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality. The association between RAR and the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality was assessed using univariate and multivariate cox regression models. The results were shown as HR (hazard ratio) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis based on age or hyperlipidemia was performed. The discrimination of the prediction model was assessed using concordance index (C-index).ResultsA total of 725 eligible patients were finally included in this study. The increase of RAR was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.01–1.31) and CVD mortality (HR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.12–1.63) after adjusting the covariates. We also found the significant association between higher RAR and higher risk of CVD mortality in DR patients with age < 65 years (HR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.09–1.67) and with hyperlipidemia (HR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.10–1.64). C-index of RAR for all-cause mortality and CVD mortality was 0.63 (95%CI: 0.59–0.67) and 0.65 (95%CI: 0.59–0.71), respectively.ConclusionsHigher RAR was associated with the higher risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality in DR patients, and RAR may be a useful predictor for the prognosis of DR patients.
Investigation of the variability of chloroplast DNA of some Astragalus spp. of sect. Helmia and A. arcanus of sect. Erioceras (Fabaceae)
Authors: Knyazev Michail S. , Philippov Evgeny G. , Cherepanova Olga E. , Krivenko Denis A. 
Published: December 2023

Analysis of chloroplast DNA sequences revealed a high polymorphism of the length and nucleotide composition of trnF–trnV and the intron trnL for Helmia section species of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae). Molecular genetic studies of Astragalus species of the Helmia section were previously practically not carried out; sequencing of trnF–trnV and the intron trnL of chloroplast DNA for 7 species of the section, as well as the probable intersection hybrid Astragalus arcanus held for the first time. On the basis of genetic studies, clarified the relationship between species included in the section Helmia. The possible stages of sect. Helmia evolution are discussed. The taxonomic isolation of Astragalus permiensis has been confirmed; it is assumed not to be of Uralic, but of Siberian or Central Asian origin. Astragalus ionae belongs to the section Helmia is confirmed. Astragalus depauperatus s. l. is thought to be a complex of twin species. In this article, one of them is considered in the status of the species A. chakassiensis.
Copy Translate
‘Inválido, viúvo, vivendo ainda graças ao espírito de solidariedade humana’
Authors: Klein Daniel da Silva 
Published: December 2023

O artigo a seguir elabora uma análise narrativa sobre as contribuições dos soldados de baixa patente nas lutas pela incorporação do Acre ao Brasil entre 1902 e 1904, dando atenção a três temas: o alistamento, as contribuições de mulheres e crianças e, por último, o esquecimento que pairou sobre eles na hora de receberem benefícios do Estado. Os documentos primários da pesquisa compõem-se de 248 fichas de seringueiros e trabalhadores menos graduados que foram convocados ou não para as lutas e que hoje estão guardadas no acervo Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Acre, pertencente ao Centro de Documentação e Informação Histórica do Museu Universitário, da Universidade Federal do Acre, na coleção Documentos Históricos. Essas fichas contêm relatos dessas pessoas, que contam como participaram dos levantes armados contra o Peru e Bolívia nos vales do Purus e Acre respectivamente. Como suporte secundário foram acionadas determinadas fontes e bibliografias, que deram suporte à construção do texto.
Palavras-chave: Incorporação; Acre; Brasil; soldados; baixa patente.
Corydalis and Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Series of 2 Cases
Authors: Engman Samuel , Puello Frances , Khoury Kevin , Miller Dustin Michael , Isidan Kadir , Shah Dhiren 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Corydalis is an herbal plant found in Asian countries. Research has demonstrated multiple health benefits. It has also been implicated in drug-induced liver injury. Cannabis dispensaries market a sleep aid which has corydalis as an active ingredient. We present 2 cases of corydalis-induced hepatotoxicity. An asymptomatic female patient exhibited a rise and fall of her transaminases coinciding with the consumption and rechallenge of this sleep aid. A man with symptoms consistent with liver dysfunction began taking the same sleep aid. With discontinuance, his liver function returned to normal. These 2 clinical cases provide evidence for corydalis-induced liver injury.
La labor desconocida de una arquitecta uruguaya: Otilia Muras
Authors: Ostraujov Nadia , Rimbaud Tatiana 
Published: December 2023

Otilia Muras fue arquitecta, diseñadora, docente e investigadora. Ejerció la profesión liberal junto a Héctor Giraldi —su socio y pareja—, con quien proyectó, dirigió y administró decenas de obras de arquitectura y mobiliario en Uruguay. Fue docente e investigadora en la Facultad de Arquitectura y una de las primeras en dirigir el Instituto de Historia de la Arquitectura. Fue una activa universitaria, destacada integrante de la comunidad académica y autora de diversas investigaciones. Este texto se presenta como una revisión biográfica y aborda algunos aspectos de la obra de la arquitecta con el objetivo de difundir, problematizar y valorar los aportes realizados en diversos ámbitos de la disciplina.
Con esta primera aproximación se pretende rescatar un legado de sumo interés tanto académico como profesional. El trabajo de Muras contribuyó a la construcción institucional de la Facultad, desde la puesta en funcionamiento del Instituto de Historia de la Arquitectura hasta la persecución de los estándares y rigor de la investigación científica. Asimismo, la desconocida obra del estudio Muras–Giraldi constituye un regalo a la ciudad de una producción de gran calidad, que trasluce un compromiso ético y dedicación vital al pensamiento arquitectónico.