bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Misinformation Intervention: Evidence from Trump’s Tweets and the 2020 Election
Authors: Li Zhuofang , Cao Jian , Adams-Cohen Nicholas , Alvarez R. Michael 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we examine the effect of actions of misinformation mitigation. We use three datasets that contain a wide range of misinformation stories during the 2020 election, and we use synthetic controls to examine the causal effect of Twitter’s restrictions on Trump’s tweets in the 2020 presidential election on the spread of misinformation. We find a nuanced set of results. While it is not always the case that Twitter’s actions reduced the subsequent flow of misinformation about the election, we find that in a number of instances content moderation reduced the flow of social media misinformation. We estimate that Twitter’s actions, on the universe of tweets we study in our paper, reduced the flow of misinformation on Twitter by approximately 15%.
Melatonin bei Schlafstörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Paditz Ekkehart 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Stand der Forschung
Bisher liegen 33 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCT) unterschiedlicher Qualität zu den Effekten oraler Melatoningaben im Vergleich zu Placebo bei Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 2 bis 18 Jahren vor; diese werden in der vorliegenden Übersicht in Bezug auf Diagnosegruppen vorgestellt. Zusätzlich existieren zu einigen Erkrankungen Fallbeschreibungen oder -serien.

Hinweise zur Verordnung
Aus diesen klinischen Daten werden orientierende Empfehlungen zur Dosierung, zum Applikationszeitpunkt und zur Behandlungsdauer abgeleitet. Auf den aktuellen Stand der Zulassungen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz (D-A-CH) wird hingewiesen.

Nebenwirkungen und Komplikationen
Möglichst niedrige Dosierungen und mehrwöchige Auslassversuche werden empfohlen, damit ein Resetting der Melatoninrezeptoren erfolgen kann. Bisher sind keine ausreichenden Daten zu Langzeiteffekten, die sich u. a. auch auf die Auslösung der Pubertät beziehen könnten, verfügbar. Des Weiteren wurde kürzlich über Todesfälle bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern im zeitlichen Zusammenhang mit erheblichen Melatoninüberdosierungen berichtet.

Differenzialdiagnostik vorab
Vor Behandlungsbeginn sollten eine ausführliche Anamnese und ein neurologischer Status erhoben werden (insbesondere bezüglich Sehstörungen, Kopfschmerzen, Schwindel, Polyurie, Polydipsie), damit klinisch bedeutsame Pinealiszysten, Pinealistumoren und supraselläre Tumoren nicht übersehen werden.
Umsetzung der Mutterschutzrichtlinien und deren Auswirkung auf die Berufstätigkeit von Ärztinnen im Fach Rechtsmedizin
Authors: Walz Cleo , Schwarz Clara-Sophie , Germerott Tanja , Ritz-Timme Stefanie , Küppers Lisa 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielRegelungen zum Mutterschutz sollen sichern, dass Frauen ihren Beruf während der Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit weiterausüben können und dabei dennoch ausreichend geschützt sind. Der kollegiale Austausch innerhalb des Faches Rechtsmedizin ergab, dass je nach Standort unterschiedlich auf Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit reagiert wird. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Arbeitsbedingungen von schwangeren und stillenden Ärztinnen in der Rechtsmedizin, um den Status quo zu erfassen und Verbesserungsbedarf zu erkennen.Material und MethodeEs erfolgte eine onlinebasierte Umfrage unter Ärztinnen an rechtsmedizinischen Instituten. Dabei wurden Angaben zu den Arbeitsplatzbedingungen und Tätigkeiten, zur Arbeitszeit sowie zu Beschäftigungsverboten erfasst und einer deskriptiven statistischen Analyse zugeführt.ErgebnisAn der Umfrage nahmen 69 Ärztinnen teil. Dreizehn der 39 Ärztinnen (33,3 %), die während ihrer letzten oder aktuellen Schwangerschaft in der Rechtsmedizin beschäftigt waren/sind, gaben an, dass beim Mutterschutz kein einheitliches Vorgehen im eigenen Institut existiert. Das Tätigkeitsspektrum sei nach Bekanntgabe der Schwangerschaft bei 69,2 % (n = 27) der Ärztinnen geändert worden, bei 30,8 % (n = 12) habe keine Änderung stattgefunden. Fast zwei Drittel stimmten voll oder teilweise zu (58,0 %,n = 40), dass Schwangeren und Stillenden mehr Tätigkeiten ermöglicht werden sollten.DiskussionDie vorliegende Studie bestätigt, dass keine einheitliche Vorgehensweise im Mutterschutz an rechtsmedizinischen Instituten besteht. Die Gefährdungsbeurteilung bedarf einer medizinisch fundierten Begründung, wobei rechtliche Vorgaben eingehalten werden müssen, gleichzeitig jedoch das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Schwangeren/Stillenden zu berücksichtigen ist. Die Ausarbeitung eines Leitfadens kann Handlungssicherheit und ein einheitliches Vorgehen schaffen.
Substantial differences in perception of disease severity between post COVID-19 patients, internists, and psychiatrists or psychologists: the Health Perception Gap and its clinical implications
Authors: Ruzicka Michael , Ibarra Fonseca Gerardo Jesus , Sachenbacher Simone , Heimkes Fides , Grosse-Wentrup Fabienne , Wunderlich Nora , Benesch Christopher , Pernpruner Anna , Valdinoci Elisabeth , Rueb Mike , Uebleis Aline Olivia , Karch Susanne , Bogner Johannes , Mayerle Julia , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Subklewe Marion , Heindl Bernhard , Stubbe Hans Christian , Adorjan Kristina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) or Likert scales addressing various domains of health are important tools to assess disease severity in Post COVID-19 (PC) patients. By design, they are subjective in nature and prone to bias. Our findings reveal substantial differences in the perception of disease severity between patients (PAT), their attending internists (INT) and psychiatrists/psychologists (PSY). Patients rated almost all aspects of their health worse than INT or PSY. Most of the differences were statistically highly significant. The presence of fatigue and mood disorders correlated negatively with health perception. The physical health section of the WHO Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQoL-BREF) and Karnofsky index correlated positively with overall and mental health ratings by PAT and INT. Health ratings by neither PAT, PSY nor INT were associated with the number of abnormal findings in diagnostic procedures. This study highlights how strongly perceptions of disease severity diverge between PC patients and attending medical staff. Imprecise communication, different experiences regarding health and disease, and confounding psychological factors may explain these observations. Discrepancies in disease perception threaten patient-physician relationships and pose strong confounders in clinical studies. Established scores (e.g., WHOQoL-BREF, Karnofsky index) may represent an approach to overcome these discrepancies. Physicians and psychologists noting harsh differences between a patient’s and their own perception of the patient’s health should apply screening tools for mood disorders (i.e., PHQ-9, WHOQoL-BREF), psychosomatic symptom burden (SSD-12, FCV-19) and consider further psychological evaluation. An interdisciplinary approach to PC patients remains imperative. Trial Registration Number & Date of Registration: DRKS00030974, 22 Dec 2022, retrospectively registered.
Microsurgical posterior fossa re-exploration for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia after previous microvascular decompression: common grounds—scarring, deformation, and the “piston effect”
Authors: Hatipoglu Majernik Gökce , Wolff Fernandes Filipe , Al-Afif Shadi , Heissler Hans E. , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objective
Microvascular decompression (MVD) is a well-accepted treatment modality for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with high initial success rates. The causes for recurrence of TN after previously successful MVD have not been fully clarified, and its treatment is still a matter of debate. Here, we present the surgical findings and the clinical outcome of patients with recurrent TN after MVD who underwent posterior fossa re-exploration.

Methods
Microsurgical posterior fossa re-exploration was performed in 26 patients with recurrent TN (mean age 59.1 years) who underwent MVD over a period of 10 years. The trigeminal nerve was exposed, and possible factors for recurrent TN were identified. Arachnoid scars and Teflon granulomas were dissected meticulously without manipulating the trigeminal nerve. Outcome of posterior fossa re-exploration was graded according to the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity score. Follow-up was analyzed postoperatively at 3, 12, and 24 months and at the latest available time point for long-term outcome.

Results
The mean duration of recurrent TN after the first MVD was 20 months. Pain relief was achieved in all patients with recurrent TN on the first postoperative day. Intraoperative findings were as follows: arachnoid scar tissue in 22/26 (84.6%) patients, arterial compression in 1/26 (3.8%), venous contact in 8/26 (30.8%), Teflon granuloma in 14/26 (53.8%), compression by an electrode in Meckel’s cave used for treatment of neuropathic pain in 1/26 (3.8%), evidence of pulsations transmitted to the trigeminal nerve through the Teflon inserted previously/scar tissue (“piston effect”) in 15/26 (57.7%), and combination of findings in 18/26 (69.2%). At long-term follow-up (mean 79.5 months; range, 29–184 months), 21/26 (80.8%) patients had favorable outcome (BNI I-IIIa). New hypaesthesia secondary to microsurgical posterior fossa re-exploration occurred in 5/26 (19.2%) patients.

Conclusions
Posterior fossa re-exploration avoiding manipulation to the trigeminal nerve, such as pinching or combing, may be a useful treatment option for recurrent TN after previously successful MVD providing pain relief in the majority of patients with a low rate of new hypaesthesia.
„Meine Mutter war liebevoll, fürsorglich und nett!“
Authors: Kampe Leonie , Buchheim Anna 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungDas wichtigste psychotherapeutische Instrument ist die Sprache. Bei der Klassifikation von Bindungsrepräsentationen bei Erwachsenen sind spezifische Manifestationen der Sprache das relevanteste diagnostische Kriterium. Anhand von linguistischen Markern und der Analyse von Fehlleistungen und Inkohärenzen im Narrativ über frühe Beziehungserfahrungen werden vier Bindungskategorien klassifiziert: sicher (kohärente, flüssige und reflektierte Narrative), unsicher-distanziert (deaktivierende, abwertende bzw. idealisierte inkohärente Narrative), unsicher-verstrickt (emotional überaktivierte, unsortierte, abgelenkte Narrative) und unverarbeitetes Trauma (Fehlleistungen, Affektladungen und Gedächtnisblockaden bei unverarbeiteten Traumatisierungen oder Verlusten). In diesem Artikel werden deskriptiv anhand von Auszügen aus Adult Attachment Interviews von Patient*innen sprachliche Spezifika und Abwehrmechanismen der vier Bindungskategorien herausgearbeitet. Abschließend werden empirische Befunde und der klinische Nutzen dieses Interviewverfahrens für der Psychotherapie behandelt und deren Relevanz für Therapiestudien und das Erfassen struktureller Veränderungen diskutiert.
Therapeutische Märchen als Abschiedsgeschenk in der Kinderpsychotherapie
Authors: Spindelberger Doris 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungWie das Abschiednehmen in einer Kindertherapie gut gelingen kann, war bislang ein eher vernachlässigter Gegenstand psychotherapeutischer Reflexion und wissenschaftlicher Aufarbeitung. Vor allem in der Kinderpsychotherapie können gegen Ende einer Therapie viele Fragen auftauchen, wie beispielsweise: Wann ist der richtige Zeitpunkt? Braucht es ein Geschenk und was wärepassend? Wie verabschiede ich mich von den Eltern?Im personzentrierten Ansatz ist es am Ende einer längeren Psychotherapie üblich, dem Kind noch etwas für den weiteren Lebensweg mitzugeben. Das kann ein symbolisches Geschenk, ein Glücksstein, ein Bild oder eine andere Erinnerung an die vielen gemeinsamen Stunden sein. Auch therapeutische Märchen eignen sich als Abschiedsgeschenk. In diesem Artikel beschäftige ich mich vorrangig mit dem Thema, wie schwierig so ein Abschied für Kinder sein kann, und wie Therapeut:innen Kinder in diesem Abschiedsprozess unterstützen können. Der Aufbau eines therapeutischen Märchens wird ebenso erklärt wie die wesentlichen Bestandteile, gefolgt von Hinweisen, worauf es im Umgang zu achten gilt.Mein Anliegen ist es, Therapeut:innen praxisorientiert zu ermutigen, selbst therapeutische Märchen zu schreiben, damit einhergehende Erfahrungen zu dokumentieren und für die Forschung zugänglich zu machen. Das integrierte Beispiel eines therapeutischen Märchens wurde eigens für diesen Artikel verfasst und kann, individuell abgeändert, als Abschiedsgeschenk weiterentwickelt werden.
Psychological distress among postpartum women who took opioids during pregnancy: the role of perceived stigma in healthcare settings
Authors: Bann Carla M. , Okoniewski Katherine C. , Clarke Leslie , Wilson-Costello Deanne , Merhar Stephanie , DeMauro Sara , Lorch Scott , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Peralta-Carcelen Myriam , Limperopoulos Catherine , Poindexter Brenda , Davis Jonathan M. , Walsh Michele , Newman Jamie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between perceived stigma in healthcare settings during pregnancy and psychological distress and well-being in the postpartum period among individuals who took opioids while pregnant. Analyses included 134 birth mothers of opioid-exposed infants. At 0–1 months postpartum, perceived stigma and psychological distress were measured using the Prenatal Opioid use Perceived Stigma scale and measures from the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Food insecurity, housing instability, and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) were also assessed. Linear and generalized linear mixed-effect models were conducted to compare PROMIS scale scores and unmet needs by stigma, adjusting for site/location, age, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, public insurance, and parity. More than half of participants (54%) perceived stigma in healthcare settings. Individuals reporting stigma had higher depression, anxiety, and anger scores (p < 0.001) indicating greater psychological distress in the postpartum period compared to those reporting no stigma, after controlling for demographic characteristics. In addition, they scored significantly lower on the PROMIS meaning and purpose scale, an indicator of well-being (p = 0.002). Those reporting stigma were more likely to have food insecurity (p = 0.003), three or more ACEs (p = 0.040), verbal or physical abuse during pregnancy (p < 0.001), and less emotional support (p = 0.006) than those who did not. An association was observed between perceived stigma in the prenatal period and psychological distress in the postpartum period, providing support for stigma reduction interventions and education for healthcare providers on trauma-informed care.
Prevalence of axial spondyloarthritis in Colombia: data from the National Health Registry 2017–2021
Authors: Barahona-Correa Julián E. , Herrera-Leaño Nancy M. , Bernal-Macías Santiago , Fernández-Ávila Daniel G. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Registries allow ascertaining the epidemiology of chronic diseases such as axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The Colombian Ministry of Health has implemented a National Health Registry (SISPRO) that collects data from each medical contact in the system, which provides close to universal coverage (around 98%).

Objective
To establish the 5-year prevalence of axSpA in Colombia, and to describe its demographics, using data from January 1st, 2017, to December 31st, 2021.

Methods
We performed an observational, cross-sectional study using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems as search terms related to ax-SpA, based on SISPRO data. We estimated the prevalence using three approaches: (1) ankylosing spondylitis (AS) diagnoses; (2) diagnoses compatible with axSpA; and (3) diagnoses compatible with axSpA, including sacroiliitis. We calculated prevalence per 100,000 inhabitants.

Results
Based on our three approaches, patients with a primary diagnosis compatible with ax-SpA ranged between 12,684 and 117,648, with an estimated 5-year adjusted prevalence between 26.3 and 244 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (0.03–0.2%). The male-to-female ratio ranged between 1.2:1 and 0.4:1, which was markedly skewed towards a higher prevalence in women when we included the code for sacroiliitis. We found the highest frequency of cases in the 50–54 years group. A differential prevalence was observed between different regions in our country, particularly in regions known to have European ancestors.

Conclusion
This is the first study that describes demographic characteristics of ax-SpA in Colombia and offers valuable information for stakeholders.

Key Points• Using the official country-level health database, the prevalence of axSpA in Colombia ranges between 26.3 and 244 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (0.03% - 0.2%)• The prevalence of axSpA peaked among the 50-54 years patient group, suggesting an increased survival• Nations with a substantial admixture, such as Colombia, may present a differential prevalence of axSpA among regions within the country• Including the ICD-10 code for sacroiliitis (M46.1) in epidemiological studies probably overestimates the frequency of axSpA
Ratio of early transmitral inflow velocity to early diastolic strain rate predicts atrial fibrillation following acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Bjerregaard Caroline Løkke , Olsen Flemming Javier , Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Svartstein Anne-Sophie Winther , Hansen Thomas Fritz , Galatius Søren , Iversen Allan , Pedersen Sune , Biering-Sørensen Tor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ratio of early transmitral filling velocity to early diastolic strain rate (E/SRe) has been proposed as a new non-invasive measurement of left ventricular filling pressure. We aimed to investigate the ability of E/SRe to predict atrial fibrillation (AF) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This was a prospective cohort study of patients (n = 369) with STEMI. Patients underwent an echocardiographic examination a median of two days after pPCI. By echocardiography, transmitral early filling velocity (E) was measured by pulsed-wave Doppler, and early diastolic strain rate (SRe) was measured by speckle tracking of the left ventricle. E was indexed to SRe and the early myocardial relaxation velocity (e’) to obtain the E/SRe and E/e’, respectively. The endpoint was new-onset AF. During follow-up (median 5.6 years, IQR: 5.0–6.1 years), 23 (6%) of the 369 patients developed AF. In unadjusted analyses, both E/SRe and E/e’ were significantly associated with AF [E/SRe: HR = 1.06; (1.03–1.10); p < 0.001, per 10 increase] and [E/e’: HR = 1.11 (1.05–1.17); p < 0.001, per 1 increase] and had equal Harrell’s C-statistic of 0.71. However, only E/SRe remained an independent predictor after multivariable adjustments for clinical and echocardiographic parameters [E/SRe: HR = 1.06 (1.00–1.11); p = 0.044, per 10 increase]. E/SRe was further significantly associated with AF in patients with E/e’ < 14 HR = 1.09 (1.01–1.17); p = 0.030, per 10 increase), also after multivariable adjustments. E/SRe is an independent predictor of AF in STEMI patients, even in subjects with seemingly normal filling pressure.
Pathogenicity and progression of Botryosphaeriaceae associated with dieback in walnut orchards in Australia
Authors: Antony Stella , Billones-Baaijens Regina , Steel Christopher C. , Stodart Benjamin J. , Savocchia Sandra 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDieback of the fruiting spurs of walnut (Juglans regia) results in yield losses in walnut orchards in Australia. Botryosphaeriaceae spp. have been implicated as the causative agents, with Diplodia seriata and Neofusicoccum parvum reported as the most prevalent species. Pathogenicity assays demonstrated inter- and intra-species variation with N. parvum more virulent than D. seriata. Both species were re-isolated beyond the dieback lesion. At 12 months post-inoculation on one-year-old trunks, N. parvum and D. seriata were re-isolated at 31.5 and 9 mm respectively beyond lesion edges. The lesion length as well as pathogen progression beyond the lesion increased over time. The pathogen progressed faster acropetally than basipetally. Following wound healing at the site of inoculation, and in the absence of any external lesion, both pathogens continued to move through the xylem, causing internal discolouration of the vascular tissues. Both mycelia and conidia were pathogenic, with mycelia showing higher infection rates. There was a strong linear relationship between the dieback length caused by the two types of inocula. As little as two conidia were able to infect wounded tissues. Although wounds were susceptible to infection for more than 4 months post-wounding for N. parvum and 1 month for D. seriata, the highest disease incidence occurred in the first week following wounding. The implications for the walnut industry for appropriate control strategies are discussed.
Intrinsic flat stability of the positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic graphical manifolds
Authors: Cabrera Pacheco Armando J. , Graf Melanie , Perales Raquel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rigidity of the Riemannian positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds states that the total mass of such a manifold is zero if and only if the manifold is isometric to the hyperbolic space. This leads to study the stability of this statement, that is, if the total mass of an asymptotically hyperbolic manifold is almost zero, is this manifold close to the hyperbolic space in any way? Motivated by the work of Huang, Lee and Sormani for asymptotically flat graphical manifolds with respect to intrinsic flat distance, we show the intrinsic flat stability of the positive mass theorem for a class of asymptotically hyperbolic graphical manifolds by adapting the positive answer to this question provided by Huang, Lee and the third named author.
An empirical investigation into UK university–industry collaboration: the development of an impact framework
Authors: Bamford David , Reid Iain , Forrester Paul , Dehe Benjamin , Bamford Jim , Papalexi Marina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProviding evidence of the impact of university–industry (U–I) partnerships is challenging. This empirical research contributes to this thought-provoking subject area by developing an impact assessment framework to assess the effect of collaboration between university and industry. This is examined through a multiple case study approach: 13 partnership schemes, each of two years duration, in manufacturing and healthcare. This study demonstrates that effective knowledge transfer from universities to enterprises is not only hypothetically feasible, but also realistically tangible and measurable. It explores how Business and Management Schools transfer knowledge and technology through external interventions and formal partnership schemes. Our findings show that impact and knowledge transfer can be evaluated, but requires active facilitation before, during and after the project, plus a level of openness and expert engagement within the partnerships. Additionally, our findings established that healthcare partnerships generated higher perceived levels of impact than manufacturing. This perhaps indicates that further work is necessary to resolve the issues limiting the productivity gains of manufacturing partnerships.