bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Without Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Nicolajsen Chalotte W. , Søgaard Mette , Jensen Martin , Eldrup Nikolaj , Larsen Torben B. , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Behrendt Christian-Alexander , Nielsen Peter B. 
Published: October 2023

ImportancePatients with abdominal aortic aneurysm have a high risk of ischemic events associated with concomitant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and current clinical practice guidelines recommend antiplatelet therapy to mitigate this risk. However, in patients with aneurysms without symptomatic atherosclerosis, the benefit of antiplatelet therapy has been sparsely investigated.ObjectiveTo estimate the effect of antiplatelets on the risk of ischemic events and bleeding in individuals with abdominal aneurysms with no symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA comparative effectiveness research study using a target trial emulation framework was performed. Population-based, cross-linked observational data from Danish national health registries containing comprehensive, individual-level information on all Danish citizens were used to evaluate patients who were antiplatelet-naive and diagnosed with abdominal aortic aneurysms, with no record of symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease, from January 1, 2010, through August 21, 2021.ExposurePrescription filled for aspirin or clopidogrel.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRisk of ischemic events (myocardial infarction and/or ischemic stroke) and risk of major bleeding. For target trial emulation, trials were emulated as sequential, contingent on patient eligibility at the time of inclusion, and were evaluated by means of pooled logistic regression models to estimate the intention-to-treat and as-treated effects, expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and event-free survival.ResultsA total of 6344 patients (65.2% men; age, 72 [IQR, 64-78] years) provided 131 047 trial cases; 3363 of these cases involved initiation of antiplatelet therapy and 127 684 did not. A total of 182 ischemic events occurred among initiators and 5602 ischemic events occurred among noninitiators, corresponding to an intention-to-treat HR of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.73-1.17) and an estimated absolute event-free survival difference of −0.6% (95% CI, −1.7% to 0.5%). After censoring nonadherent person-time, the treatment HR was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.68-1.20), with similar risk difference. For bleeding, the intention-to-treat HR was 1.26 (95% CI, 0.97-1.58) and the event-free survival difference was 1.0%. The treatment HR was 1.21 (95% CI, 0.82-1.72); the risk difference was similar.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, no evidence of effectiveness of antiplatelet therapy to lower the risk of ischemic events and a trend toward higher bleeding risk was noted. The observed differences between the treatment groups were minimal, suggesting limited clinical relevance of antiplatelet treatment.
Trustworthy residual vehicle value prediction for auto finance
Authors: Kim Mihye , Choi Jimyung , Kim Jaehyun , Kim Wooyoung , Baek Yeonung , Bang Gisuk , Son Kwangwoon , Ryou Yeonman , Kim Kee‐Eung 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe residual value (RV) of a vehicle refers to its estimated worth at some point in the future. It is a core component in every auto finance product, used to determine the credit lines and the leasing rates. As such, an accurate prediction of RV is critical for the auto finance industry, since it can pose a risk of revenue loss by over‐prediction or make the financial product incompetent through under‐prediction. Although there are a number of prior studies on training machine learning models on a large amount of used car sales data, we had to cope with real‐world operational requirements such as compliance with regulations (i.e., monotonicity of output with respect to a subset of features) and generalization to unseen input (i.e., new and rare car models). In this paper, we describe how we addressed these practical challenges and created value for our business at Hyundai Capital Services, the top auto financial service provider in Korea.
Selective Electroreduction of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to Dimethylfuran in Neutral Electrolytes via Hydrogen Spillover and Adsorption Configuration Adjustment
Authors: Wu Yandong , Jiang Yimin , Chen Wei , Yue Xu , Dong Chung‐Li , Qiu Mengyi , Nga Ta Thi Thuy , Yang Ming , Xia Zhongcheng , Xie Chao , Xu Leitao , Wang Ruiqi , Wang Shuangyin , Zou Yuqin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), one of the essential C6 biomass derivatives, has been deeply investigated in electrocatalytic reduction upgrading. Nevertheless, the high product selectivity and rational design strategy of electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic HMF reduction is still a challenge. Here, a high selective electro‐reduction of HMF to dimethylfuran (DMF) on palladium (Pd) single atom loaded on titanium dioxide (Pd SA/TiO2) via hydrogen spillover and adsorption configuration adjustment in neutral electrolytes is achieved. Combining density functional theory calculations and in situ characterization, it is revealed that Pd single atom could weaken the interaction between Pd atoms and adsorbed hydrogen (*H) to promote the *H spillover for increasing *H coverage on the surface and maintain the tilted adsorption configuration to activate C═O bond; thus the selectivity of DMF on Pd SA/TiO2 increases to 90.33%. Besides, it is elaborated that low *H coverage on TiO2 favors the formation of bis(hydroxymethyl)hydro‐furoin (BHH), and the flat adsorption configuration of HMF on Pd nanoparticles benefits to form 2,5‐dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF). This work provides a promising approach for modifying electrocatalysts to realize the selective electroreduction of HMF to value‐added products.
Aluminium(III)‐Kationen [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2]+: Synthese, Charakterisierung und Anwendung in der FLP‐Chemie
Authors: Werner Luis , Hagn Julika , Walpuski Janis , Radius Udo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDie NHC‐stabilisierten, dreifach‐koordinierten Kationen [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]− (NHC=IMeMe 4, IiPrMe 5, IiPr 6, Mes=2,4,6‐Trimethylphenyl) wurden durch Hydrid‐Abstraktion ausgehend von den Alanen (NHC) ⋅ AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe 1, IiPrMe 2, IiPr 3) mit [Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)4]− als Hydrid‐Akzeptor in Toluol dargestellt. Bei Reaktion in Diethylether wurden die entsprechenden vierfach‐koordinierten kationischen Aluminium‐Etherate [(NHC) ⋅ AlMes2 (OEt2)]+ [B(C6F5)4]− 7–9 (NHC=IMeMe 7, IiPrMe 8, IiPr 9) isoliert. Eine theoretische und experimentelle Evaluierung der Lewis‐Azidität des Kations [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+ ergab eine Lewis‐Azidität dieses Kations, welche in einem ähnliche Bereich liegt wie die von Al(C6F5)3 und größer ist als diejenige von B(C6F5)3. Die Reaktion von [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]− 4 mit dem sterisch wenig anspruchsvollen, basischen Phosphan PMe3 führte zum gemischt NHC/Phosphan‐stabilisierten Kation [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2(PMe3)]+[B(C6F5)4]− 10. Äquimolare Mischungen, bestehend aus 4 und dem sterisch anspruchsvolleren Phosphan PCy3, ergeben ein frustriertes Lewis‐Paar (FLP) [(IMeMe) ⋅ AlMes2]+[B(C6F5)4]−//PCy3 FLP‐11, welches mit kleinen Molekülen wie CO2, Ethen und 2‐Butin reagiert.
Computational evaluation of light propagation in cylindrical bioreactors for optogenetic mammalian cell cultures
Authors: Minami Shiaki A. , Garimella Shruthi S. , Shah Priya S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLight‐inducible regulation of cellular pathways and gene circuits in mammalian cells is a new frontier in mammalian genetic engineering. Optogenetic mammalian cell cultures, which are light‐sensitive engineered cells, utilize light to regulate gene expression and protein activity. As a low‐cost, tunable, and reversible input, light is highly adept at spatiotemporal and orthogonal regulation of cellular behavior. However, light is absorbed and scattered as it travels through media and cells, and the applicability of optogenetics in larger mammalian bioreactors has not been determined. In this work, we computationally explore the size limit to which optogenetics can be applied in cylindrical bioreactors at relevant height‐to‐diameter ratios. We model the propagation of light using the radiative transfer equation and consider changes in reactor volume, absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient, and scattering anisotropy. We observe sufficient light penetration for activation in simulated bioreactors with sizes of up to 80,000 L at maximal cell densities. We performed supporting experiments and found that significant attenuation occurs at the boundaries of the system, but the relative change in intensity distribution within the reactor was consistent with simulation results. We conclude that optogenetics can be applied to bioreactors at an industrial scale and may be a valuable tool for specific biomanufacturing applications.
The nexus between electronic commerce and environmental pollution: The roles of energy efficiency and resource consumption
Authors: Yu Wentao , Wu Yanrui , Tan Xiaolan , Guo Xiumei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe platform economy is growing fast in the world. Its expansion, exemplified by industry giants like Amazon, Airbnb, and Uber, is reshaping societal lifestyles and commercial businesses. However, its environmental impacts are uncertain. Currently, the relationship between electronic commerce (e‐commerce) activities and environmental pollution has attracted a lot of attention. This paper attempts to construct a comprehensive theoretical model to investigate the nexus between e‐commerce and regional environmental pollution, with a particular focus on the effects of air pollution and waste pollution. Fixed effect models and China's provincial data during the period from 2008 to 2018 are employed to examine the roles of energy efficiency and resource consumption in such a nexus. The findings suggest that the development of e‐commerce is linked to a reduction in regional air pollution through the channel of improving transportation energy efficiency. The results also show that e‐commerce is associated with an increase in regional waste pollution due to the mechanism of resource consumption in the express packaging industry. As a result, the relationship between e‐commerce and environmental pollution is quite complex at the regional level, transcending a binary distinction of solely positive or negative impacts. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the complex environmental impacts of e‐commerce and helps governments design more efficient and targeted policies to reduce regional pollution.
Influential factors of pro‐environmental behaviors among franchisees in the fast‐food sector
Authors: Dada Olufunmilola (Lola) , Perrigot Rozenn , Watson Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn spite of the increasing attention on environmental sustainability, there is a dearth of knowledge about franchisees' pro‐environmental behaviors. This study aims to understand the factors that influence the extent to which franchisees engage in pro‐environmental behaviors in the fast‐food sector. The research is based on in‐depth interviews with franchisees operating restaurants in the fast‐food sector in France. The empirical evidence in this qualitative study shows how franchisees' pro‐environmental behaviors can be explained as a result of organizational and personal factors, thereby extending the theory of planned behavior, norm‐activation‐model and organizational support theory within the franchising context. This study offers avenues for more research on green practices in franchising, as well as in the hospitality sector and other sectors such as retailing. It provides important implications for franchise practitioners in the fast‐food sector on how to create a more environmentally sustainable business model. The findings offer the first known model of pro‐environmental behaviors of franchisees.
Managerial long‐termism and corporate innovation: Evidence from China through text mining approaches
Authors: Xu Ning , Zhang Di , Bai Yingjie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdhering to long‐termism is essential for sustaining and promoting corporate innovation in the face of future uncertainty. In this study, we use machine learning and text analysis methods to construct a proxy variable for managerial long‐termism and explore how managerial long‐termism affects corporate innovation using a sample of 13,117 firm‐year observations from 2010 to 2020 in China. We find managerial long‐termism has a positive effect on corporate innovation, which is mainly achieved by mitigating agency problems. The positive effect of managerial long‐termism on corporate innovation is more pronounced when an enterprise faces stronger economic policy uncertainty and has more slack resources. Additional analysis shows that managerial long‐termism accelerates exploratory innovation and contributes to the high‐quality development of enterprises. Our findings advance research on long‐termism in corporate governance and generate meaningful insights into the antecedents of corporate innovation from the perspective of time preference.
Timing of BNT162b2 vaccine prior to COVID‐19 infection, influence disease severity in patients with hematologic malignancies: Results from a cohort study
Authors: Gutwein Odit , Herzog Tzarfati Katrin , Apel Arie , Rahimi‐Levene Naomi , Ilana Levy , Tadmor Tamar , Koren‐Michowitz Maya 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic continues to pose challenges to the treatment of hemato‐oncology patients. Emergence of COVID‐19 variants, availability of vaccine boosters and antiviral treatments could impact their outcome. We retrospectively studied patients with hematologic malignancies and confirmed COVID‐19 during the Omicron outbreak. Of 116 evaluated patients, 16% developed severe or critical COVID‐19. Diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was significantly associated with severe COVID‐19 (p = 0.01). The vaccine effectiveness was related to the timing of the vaccine, with patients who received a mRNA vaccine within 7–90 days prior to COVID‐19 being less likely to develop severe disease compared to all other patients (p = 0.019). There was no correlation between disease severity and antiviral therapies. Importantly, 45% of patients undergoing active hematological treatment had to interrupt their treatment due to COVID‐19. In conclusion, patients with hematologic malignancies are at a considerable risk for severe COVID‐19 during the Omicron outbreak, with patients with CLL being the most vulnerable. mRNA vaccines have the potential to protect hematological patients from severe COVID‐19 if administered within the previous 3 months. Hematological treatment interruption is a frequent adverse outcome of COVID‐19 infection.
Genus Pimenta: An Updated Comprehensive Review on Botany, Distribution, Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Approaches
Authors: El‐Nashar Heba A. S. , Ali Abd‐Allah M. , Salem Yasmeen H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPimenta is a genus of flowering plants belonging to family Myrtaceae, native to the West Indies, Mexico, and South America. Numerous traditional uses were reported as anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, sedative, diuretic, and sexual stimulant. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and biological activities of genus Pimenta for future exploration of plant‐based drugs and therapeutic approaches. The data were collected (up to date as of October 1, 2023) from several databases such as Web of Science, google scholar, science direct, Pubmed and Proquest. Pimenta species were reported to include various classes of phytochemicals like tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and essential oils. Quercetin glycosides and eugenol derivatives were the predominant compounds of this genus. Several biological activities have been reported such as antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, histidine decarboxylase inhibition, hypoglycemic, anticancer, anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, acaricidal, anxiolytic, anti‐depressant and anti‐estrogenic. Several scientific reports have been published on various isolated phytochemicals and pharmacological properties of Pimenta species that confirm its ethnobotanical and traditional history. However, in vivo studies on different extracts and their phytoconstituents, alongside mechanistic analysis deserve more attention for drug researchers to provide better guidance to utilize Pimenta plants as medicinal resources for herbal formulations in different approaches.
Metabolomic Analysis and in Vitro Investigation of the Biological Properties of a By‐Product Derived from Vicia faba
Authors: Raoof Gehan F. Abdel , El‐Anssary Amira A. , Younis Eman A. , Aly Hanan F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy‐products from plant sources are recently regarded as a valuable source of bioactive compounds. In this regard, the present study aims to assess the bioactivities of the 70 % MeOH extract obtained from Vicia faba peels and analyze its metabolomic profile. Acetylcholinesterase and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes inhibitory activities of the plant extract were assayed using quantitative colorimetric tests. Antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH assay, and cytotoxic activity was evaluated against normal fibroblast skin cells (1‐BJ1). Ninety‐one metabolites were tentatively identified using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) hyphenated with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (QTOF‐MS). Most of these compounds were described for the first time in the plant. In addition, catechin, rutin, quercitrin, and rhamnetin were isolated from the plant extract. The plant extract and the isolated compounds possessed no cytotoxic activity on (1‐BJ1), while they exhibited anticholinesterase with the highest activity for 70 % MeOH extract (IC50=120.11 mg/L), antioxidant potential with the highest activity for rutin (90.54±0.73 %), and carbohydrate metabolizing inhibitory activities with the highest activity for rutin. These discoveries imply that V. faba peels might serve as an efficient antioxidant, exhibit anticholinesterase properties, and have the potential for use in managing diabetes, all while avoiding cytotoxicity in normal cells.
Electroreductive Deoxygenative C−H and C−C Bond Formation from Non‐Derivatized Alcohols Fueled by Anodic Borohydride Oxidation
Authors: Villo Piret , Lill Malin , Alsaman Zainab , Soto Kronberg Adrian , Chu Victoria , Ahumada Guillermo , Agarwala Hemlata , Ahlquist Mårten , Lundberg Helena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlcohols are one of the most common organic compound classes among natural and synthetic products. Thus, methods for direct removal of C−OH groups without the need for wasteful pre‐functionalization are of great synthetic interest to unlock the full synthetic potential of the compound class. Herein, electroreductive C−OH bond activation and subsequent deoxygenative C−H and C−C bond formation of benzylic and propargylic alcohols are demonstrated along with mechanistic insights. Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the reductive C−OH bond cleavage furnishes an open shell intermediate that undergoes a radical‐polar crossover to the corresponding carbanion that subsequently undergoes protonation to furnish alkane products. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the carbanion can be trapped with CO2 to form arylacetic acids. The cathodic transformations are efficiently balanced by the anodic oxidation of sub‐stoichiometric borohydride additives, a strategy that serves as a highly attractive alternative to the use of sacrificial metal anodes.
Scalable Production of Separator and Cathode Suspensions via Extrusion for Sulfidic Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Batzer Mattis , Gundlach Daniel , Michalowski Peter , Kwade Arno 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to their high ionic conductivity, sulfidic solid electrolytes are considered to have great potential as a key element of solid‐state batteries. Such batteries could offer safety, thermal stability, and high energy densities. A key requirement is the scalable production of separators and electrodes, taking into account the high demands the moisture‐sensitive material imposes on the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, in this publication we will demonstrate the establishment of an extrusion process under argon atmosphere for the continuous production of separator and cathode suspensions. After systematically investigating the influence of the process parameters speed, temperature and mass flow on the adhesive strength, ionic conductivity and capacity, the obtained knowledge is used for the fabrication of improved layers. The Li3PS4 based separators show a comparatively high ionic conductivity of 0.036 mS cm−1 (conductivity of pure solid electrolyte: 0.05 mS cm−1), the cells reach specific capacities of up to 156 mAh g−1 in the 1st cycle.
Creating Hydrophobic Foils From Biopolymer Blends Using Mechanical Microimprinting
Authors: Liu Hang , Zagler Michaela , Nase Michael , Weber Katharina , Albrecht Joachim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Hang Liu from Prof. Dr. Joachim Albrecht's and Prof. Dr. Katharina Weber's group at Aalen University. The image depicts the wetting properties of a biopolymer foil. Surface microstructuring allows the tailoring of physical chemical properties that can lead to biodegradable packaging foils. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300301.
Deep Eutectic Solvents: An Eco‐friendly Design for Drug Engineering
Authors: Oyoun Feras , Toncheva Antoniya , Henríquez Luis Castillo , Grougnet Raphael , Laoutid Fouad , Mignet Nathalie , Alhareth Khair , Corvis Yohann 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover, the researchers from UTCBS and CiTCoM from Université Paris Cité (Paris, France), as well as Materia Nova (Mons, Belgium). The image emphasizes the deep eutectic solvent preparation thanks to hydrogen bond acceptor and donor interactions for drugs formulation and therapeutic applications. The Review itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202300669.