bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realny popyt na specjalistów z dyplomem studiów geograficznych w świetle analiz ofert pracy oraz wypowiedzi pracodawców i pracowników
Authors: Piróg Danuta 
Published: February 2024

W artykule przedstawiono analizę wielkości i struktury popytu rynku pracy na osoby z dyplomem studiów geograficznych wraz z weryfikacją stopnia zaspokojenia tego popytu u pracodawców, którzy takie potrzeby kadrowe faktycznie zgłosili. Aby w sposób wiarygodny i uprawniający do wyciągania wniosków o charakterze ogólnym określić zapotrzebowanie na konkretnych specjalistów, należy w dłuższym czasie i w skali co najmniej krajowej śledzić realne, czyli wyrażone w ofertach pracy, potrzeby kadrowe. Właśnie dlatego badaniami objęto sześć krajów (Austria, Irlandia, Niemcy, Polska, Szwajcaria, Wielka Brytania), a całość procedury trwała ponad trzy lata. W każdym z nich najpierw realizowano monitoring ogłoszeń o pracę. Następnie przeprowadzono wywiady weryfikujące zaspokojenie potrzeb pracodawców na specjalistów z zakresu geografii oraz gromadzące doświadczenia pracowników zatrudnionych w wyniku ogłoszonej oferty. W ten sposób ustalono, że przez półtora roku w badanych krajach do geografów skierowano ponad 17 tys. ofert pracy, tworzących 18 głównych grup. Zarówno w przypadku wielkości, jak i struktury najbardziej zróżnicowane potrzeby ujawnił rynek pracy w Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii, kolejno – w krajach niemieckojęzycznych, a na końcu – w Polsce. Pracodawcy generalnie pozyskali potrzebnych im pracowników, przy czym największe trudności zgłaszali ci szukający nauczycieli do pracy w niepełnym wymiarze. Wysoko ocenili oni kwalifikacje oraz kompetencje pracujących u nich absolwentów studiów geograficznych. Pracownicy z kolei deklarowali zadowolenie z merytorycznego zakresu zadań, ale nie zawsze, zwłaszcza w Polsce, byli usatysfakcjonowani wynagrodzeniem i stabilnością zatrudnienia. Wyniki z przeprowadzonych badań, oprócz uzupełnienia luki w stanie wiedzy, mogą być przydatne tym jednostkom, które chcą konstruować programy kształcenia zwiększające pomyślność tranzycji absolwentów na rynek pracy do profesji związanych z ukończonym kierunkiem studiów.
Risk assessment of heavy metal content in yam tubers locally produced in selected local government areas of Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: OLAWALE OTITOJU FRANCIS , ABAH MOSES ADONDUA , EMMANUEL OZIOMA PRINCE , OTITOJU GRACE TAIWO , ABERSHI AJIDUKU LEYOA , TEMITOPE DADA FOLASHADE , ANDREW ASOGWA EMEKA , ABDULKADIR SAAD , JOHN AMSA 
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Olawale OF, Abah MA, Emmanuel OP, Otitoju GT, Abershi AL, Temitope DF, Andrew AE, Abdulkadir S, John A. 2023. Risk assessment of heavy metal content in yam tubers locally produced in selected local government areas of Taraba State, Nigeria. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 21: 6-12. Yam is one of the most cultivated tubers in northern Nigeria. The increasing yam consumption and pest attack on the crop have led to increased use of fertilizers and pesticides during the cultivation process to prevent and control pest attacks. This study aims to determine the concentration of several heavy metals (Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb, and As) in locally produced yam samples harvested from Jalingo, Takum, Mutum Biyu, Wukari and Zing Local Government Area (LGA) of Taraba state as well assessing the Total Cancer Risk and Hazard Quotient associated with consuming the analyzed yam samples. The samples were collected in duplicates from five LGAs of Taraba state (Jalingo, Takum, Mutum Biyu, Wukari, and Zing). They were washed, peeled, and dried before being analyzed for heavy metal content using the method of Nitric acid-hydrochloric acid digestion (APHA 3030 f. 2018) by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The data were analyzed using ANOVA (P<0.05). The results showed that Hg and As values were below the permissible limit recommended by WHO, with values ranging from 0.02-0.05 mg/kg. Cadmium content was significantly high, ranging from 8.00-14.00 mg/kg. Chromium content from Zing LGA was higher than in other locations, ranging from 100.00 to 103.00 mg/kg. The risk assessment analysis revealed that chromium and arsenic had the highest and lowest hazard quotient values of 37.32 and 0.00180, respectively, for yam samples cultivated in Jalingo LGA. The highest TCR value was obtained in chromium (3.2×10-3) and the lowest in the lead (1.23×10-8). High levels of heavy metals present in yam samples could be due to excessive use of pesticides or fertilizers during cultivation, burning of plastics and rubbers, deposition from mountains, and other anthropogenic activities. The results of this study are expected to gain public awareness that consuming locally produced yam from LGAs contaminated with heavy metals is at risk of heavy metal toxicity, such as renal, neural, and respiratory disorders, among others.
Application of glutamate weighted CEST in brain imaging of nicotine dependent participants in vivo at 7T
Authors: Jacobs Paul S. , Jee Joelle , Fang Liu , Devlin Emily , Iannelli Claudia , Thakuri Deepa , Loughead James , Epperson Cynthia Neill , Wilson Neil , Roalf David , Reddy Ravinder , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
With nicotine dependence being a significant healthcare issue worldwide there is a growing interest in developing novel therapies and diagnostic aids to assist in treating nicotine addiction. Glutamate (Glu) plays an important role in cognitive function regulation in a wide range of conditions including traumatic brain injury, aging, and addiction. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging via ultra-high field MRI can image the exchange of certain saturated labile protons with the surrounding bulk water pool, making the technique a novel tool to investigate glutamate in the context of addiction. The aim of this work was to apply glutamate weighted CEST (GluCEST) imaging to study the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in a small population of smokers and non-smokers to determine its effectiveness as a biomarker of nicotine use.

Methods
2D GluCEST images were acquired on 20 healthy participants: 10 smokers (ages 29–50) and 10 non-smokers (ages 25–69), using a 7T MRI system. T1-weighted images were used to segment the GluCEST images into white and gray matter tissue and further into seven gray matter regions. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were performed, comparing mean GluCEST contrast between smokers and non-smokers across brain regions.

Results
GluCEST levels were similar between smokers and non-smokers; however, there was a moderate negative age dependence (R2 = 0.531) in smokers within the cingulate gyrus.

Conclusion
Feasibility of GluCEST imaging was demonstrated for in vivo investigation of smokers and non-smokers to assess glutamate contrast differences as a potential biomarker with a moderate negative age correlation in the cingulate gyrus suggesting reward network involvement.
Organomegalies as a predictive indicator of leukemia cutis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kanitthamniyom Chanakarn , Wannaphut Chalothorn , Pattanaprichakul Penvadee , Kungwankiattichi Smith , Owattanapanich Weerapat 
Published: February 2024

Background
Leukemia cutis (LC) is an extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) infiltrate. No previous study has described the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Thai patients diagnosed with AML with LC.

Materials and methods
We conducted a 7-year retrospective case-control study on Thai AML patients at Siriraj Hospital from November 2013 to July 2020. Patients were divided into LC and non-LC groups. Initial clinical presentations and laboratory findings were examined to identify LC-associated factors. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were assessed. Pathological tissues underwent re-evaluation to validate the LC diagnoses.

Results
The study included 159 patients in a 2:1 ratio (106 non-LC and 53 LC). The LC group had a mean ± SD age of 54.3 ± 15.5 years; females were predominant. Three-fifths of the LC patients had intermediate-risk cytogenetics; 20.4% had an adverse risk, and 10.2% had a favorable risk. Most were classified as AML-M4 and AML-M5. Leukemic nodules were the primary finding in 58.5% of the cases, mainly on the legs. In the multivariate analysis of predictive factors associated with LC, organomegalies, specifically hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy, remained significant factors associated with LC [OR 4.45 (95%CI 1.20, 16.50); p = 0.026 and OR 5.48 (95%CI 1.65, 18.20); p = 0.005], respectively. The LC group demonstrated a significantly reduced OS (log-rank test p = 0.002) (median OS of 8.6 months vs. 32.4 months). RFS was considerably lower in the LC group (log-rank test p = 0.001) (median duration of 10.3 months vs. 24.4 months in the non-LC).

Conclusions
AML patients who developed LC tended to experience notably poorer prognoses. Therefore, it is imperative to consider aggressive treatment options for such individuals. The presence of organomegalies in AML patients serves as a strong predictor of the possible occurrence of LC when accompanied by skin lesions.
Assessing postnatal care for newborns in Sub-Saharan Africa: A multinational analysis
Authors: Eshetu Habitu Birhan , Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Negash Wubshet Debebe , Belachew Tadele Biresaw , Asmamaw Desale Bihonegn , Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Asratie Melaku Hunie 
Published: February 2024

Background
No doubt providing optimal postnatal care (PNC) prevents both maternal and neonatal deaths, in addition to the prevention of long-term complications. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had the highest neonatal mortality rate, despite this adequate content of PNC for the newborn is not explored in SSA, therefore, it is important to identify the factors affecting adequate content of PNC for the newborn in the region. This may assist the program and policymakers to give an intervention based on the findings of the study.

Methods
A secondary data analysis was performed using 21 SSA countries’ Demographic and Health Surveys. A total weighted sample of 105,904 respondents were included in this study. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted. The odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval were generated to determine the individual and community-level factors of adequate PNC for the newborn. A p-value less than 0.05 was declared as statistical significance.

Results
Adequate PNC for newborns in sub-Saharan Africa was 23.51% (95% CI: 23.26, 23.77). Mothers age ≥ 35(AOR  =  1.21,95% CI: 1.06,1.16), mothers’ primary education (AOR  = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.23), secondary education (AOR  = 1.58, 95% CI:1.51,1.66), higher education (AOR  = 1.61,95% CI:1.49,1.75), rich wealth status (AOR  = 1.05,95% CI = 1.01,1.10), ANC visits 1–7 (AOR  = 1.61,95% CI:1.51, 1.73), antenatal care (ANC) visit 8 and above (AOR  = 2.54,95% CI: 2.32, 2.77), health facility delivery (AOR  = 4.37, 95% CI:4.16,4.58), lived in east (AOR = 0.23,95% CI = (0.20,0.26), central(AOR = 0.21,95% CI = 0.19,0.24), west African sub-regions (AOR = 0.23,95% CI = 0.21, 0.27), Urban dwellers (AOR = 1.22,95% CI: 1.17,1.27), and low community poverty (AOR = 1.21 (95% CI = 1.11,1.31) were associated with adequate content of PNC for the newborn.

Conclusion
The finding of this study showed that the overall prevalence of adequate content of PNC for a newborn in SSA countries was low. The low prevalence of adequate content of postnatal care for newborns in SSA countries is a concerning issue that requires immediate attention. Age of the respondents, level of education, wealth status, ANC visits, place of delivery, residence, community-level poverty, and sub-region of SSA were the individual-level and the community-level variables significantly associated with adequate PNC for the newborn. Strategies should focus on increasing access to antenatal care services, particularly for vulnerable populations, such as younger mothers, those with lower education levels, and individuals residing in impoverished communities to improve PNC for the newborn.
CHROMATOGRAPHIC AND SPECTRAL STUDY OF ARCTIUM LAPPA AND ARCTIUM TOMENTOSUM FRUCTUS CULTIVATED IN ALTAI
Authors: Kolomiets Natalia Eduardovna , Boev Roman Sergeevich , Zhalnina Ludmila Vladimirovna , Ali Abdujalil Kaid Hasan 
Published: February 2024

Burdock is an ingredient of official and traditional medicines in different countries, its roots are used for food, biologically active additives, functional nutrition products, fertilizers, etc. A great demand led to the situation when many countries including Russia began the plant’s cultivation. Despite that, the aboveground parts of the plant including its fructus still remain expendable. At the moment, burdock fructus are officially used only in China and Japan. In Russia they are not used and studies of their chemical composition and pharmacological properties are scarce.
The research showed that fructus of Arctium lappa and A. tomentosum cultivated in Altai using by traditional way of growing, and new of agrotechnics of cultivation contain lignans, hydroxycinamic acid, fatty acids and their derivatives, polysaccharides and anthocyanin’s. The use of a new cultivation technology increased the content of lignans and other BAS by 10–25%. Hydroxycinamic acid is one of the dominant substances in fructus by content, therefore it is possible to standardize raw material according to this parameter. The presence of methyl cis-9, cis-15-octadecadienoate and 11-Eicosenoic acid methyl ester in fructushas been discovered for the first time. Ethyl linoleate and methylfolate or methyl cis-9-octadecenoate are found to be dominant components of fatty acids and their derivatives.
Additional studies of chemical composition, pharmacological properties, clinical approbation are needed to obtain evidence of the efficiency of burdock fructus utilization for clinical purposes and prevention.
Curative Resection of T1a Inlet Patch Adenocarcinoma With Traction-Assisted Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Bahdi Firas , Tamai Robert , Lu David Y. , Eshtiaghpour Daniel D. , Thaker Adarsh M. , Sedarat Alireza 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Esophageal inlet patch (EIP) adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. We present a case of a 58-year-old man who underwent a diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy for dysphagia and found to have a 2 cm polypoid mass arising from an EIP. Biopsies and staging were consistent with T1aN0M0 EIP adenocarcinoma. While surgical resection was the main method of treatment of these lesions, very few case reports have shown that endoscopic resection can successfully remove these lesions. After multidisciplinary discussion, the patient underwent curative traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection—which is the first known case report to highlight the success of this technique.
The Gecko and the Mosquitoes: A French Officer's Insights into the Early Phase of the 1930–31 Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets
Authors: Del Testa David W. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In letters home to his relatives, Lieutenant Martin Troyes (1905–1997) provides perhaps the only eyewitness accounts of the early part of the 1930–31 Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets written while the rebellion is occurring from the perspective of a soldier. The Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets were a Communist-led anti-colonial uprising mainly in Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh provinces of north-central Vietnam, which began as localized protests against heavy taxation and for political representation but quickly evolved into widespread violence and destruction. Troyes's comments point to much wider-ranging violence than scholars have previously discussed and much broader internecine violence than historians have previously presented, especially between Catholic Vietnamese and Communist sympathizers.
The Vietnamese Migrant Community in Laos: Social Stratification and Diversity (1893–1945)
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Thi Tuyet 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As Vietnam and Laos share extensive and contiguous borders, there is a long history of Vietnamese migrations into Laos. From 1893 to 1945, the French colonial administration of Indochina brought many Vietnamese people to Laos, who later formed a large Vietnamese community there. Given Laos's small population, the French colonial government had to rely on the Vietnamese labor force to build a new colonial regime and infrastructure and exploit its natural resources. Most of these immigrants came from the more populated areas in Tonkin and Annam. They worked in various roles such as civil servants, soldiers, workers, or coolies depending on the needs of the French colonial government and business. While qualified civil servants, including interpreters, secretaries, teachers, nurses, and soldiers, earned better salaries and welfare, free workers and coolies were subject to low social status and hard working conditions. This article describes how the colonial system of wages and occupations contributed to social stratification and diversity within the Vietnamese migrant community and shaped migrants’ diverse responses to French colonial rule.
Les archives coloniales au secours de la diversité génétique : Des petits ruminants du Maghreb (Algérie-Maroc)
Authors: Da Silva Anne , Taurisson-Mouret Dominique 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Les archives coloniales révèlent qu'au moment de la conquête, le cheptel ovin du Maghreb était encore le reflet des pratiques pastorales tribales ancestrales qui l'avait façonné. Des races d'ovins avaient émergé au sein des tribus dont elles portaient le nom. Elles avaient développé des capacités d'adaptation et de résilience remarquables. Or, des études réalisées récemment montrent que la grande diversité génétique à laquelle on pouvait s'attendre était difficilement détectable. Pour documenter ce processus historique de dilution et d'homogénéisation, cet article propose une approche intégrative sciences dures / sciences humaines, où les archives coloniales jouent un rôle important. L'hypothèse est, en effet, que la politique d’élevage coloniale et les changements qu'elle a entrainés ont considérablement marqué les relations entre pasteurs, ovins et milieux.
The Secret Formula for Getting Rich with Scientific Research using Academic Marketing: Prepare to be Amazed!
Authors: Pontes Felipe 
Published: February 2024

Objective: How do internet searches work? Have you ever thought about how things could be different if you marketed your research better? In this editorial, I seek to challenge the more restrictive narrative of scientific production and scientific dissemination by blending theory with practical examples, inviting you, the reader, to try a more targeted digital engagement, turning your research into an open conversation with users in general, not just a monologue confined to the digital shelves of journals, merely accumulating points for CAPES.
Method: Leaving the comfort zone of impersonal, third-person writing, in this editorial, we will dive into the rediscovered art of “selling” research to the public.
Results: I initially unravel the mystery of the search algorithm, with a touch of academic marketing, to spice up the quest for online visibility.
Contributions: Among strategies of Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO) and reflections on the reluctance of some academics towards marketing, I propose that we revisit our view of how research can be “sold” to the market. Additionally, I bring some implicit and explicit ideas for research that could be conducted along this line of more effective scientific dissemination.
Preparation and flocculation performance of a cationic starch based flocculant
Authors: Shi Yuhui , Zheng Yi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To increase the specific surface area of corn starch and remove the anion contaminant in water, STP-OGG-DD, which is composed of porous corn starch (Stp), methylpropenoxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC), was prepared and used for the flocculation of humic acid (HA). In this preparation, ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide act as initiators for free radicals that attract cationic monomers to gather on starch chains. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, dosage of cationic monomer, and initiator on the reaction performance were investigated. The results showed that the conversion rate of starch monomer was 97.69 %, the grafting rate was 96.47 %, and the grafting efficiency was 95.85 %. Stp-OG-DD was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and its structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. In the flocculation test. The flocculation effect of 30 mg/L flocculants with different grafting rates on 30 mg/L humic acid was investigated, and the relationship between the two was studied. The results showed that the flocculant with a high starch grafting rate had a better removal effect on humic acid and was positively correlated. Different from the traditional gelatinization method, the enzymatic hydrolysis method is used to pretreat starch, which not only saves energy but also enlarges the specific surface area of molecules. In addition, adding two cationic monomers improved the grafting effect of starch. DMC and DMDAAC could be polymerized alternately onto the starch backbone, providing long molecular chains and abundant positive charge for enzymatic hydrolysis of starch molecular chains. In addition to exploring the grafting of samples under reaction conditions, flocculants prepared under different conditions were used to flocculate 30 mg/L humic acid to further determine the role of grafting rate in the removal effect.
The Draft International Covenant on the Right to Development and Its Implications for Cooperation in Global Health Crises
Authors: Wissmann Sara Katharina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, global cooperation arrived at an impasse, illustrated by the resistance of industrialized States to allow vaccines-related knowledge transfer to their economically less advantaged partners. One pertinent example is the EU, withholding its waiver of the TRIPS Agreement for vaccines and related medicines and thereby impeding knowledge transfer to States in need – an act that has also been referred to as ‘vaccine apartheid’. In the meantime, a new legal instrument intending to address in broader terms the faltering international cooperation emerged on the horizon: the Draft International Covenant on the Right to Development (DICRTD). Concerning health, the DICRTD’s preamble already recalls Arts. 1 (3), 55, and 56 UN Charter to take joint and separate action in cooperation with the UN to promote solutions of, inter alia, health problems. Reflecting on lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, the preamble also points out health emergencies and health crises as serious obstacles to the realization of the right to development. This contribution seeks to critically assess the potential of the future DICRTD to address global health crises through cooperation. Against this backdrop, it analyses the current legal status of the duty to cooperate, the potential transformative impact of the DICRTD on this legal status, and the effectiveness of the DICRTD’s implementation mechanism.