bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable laser curing of carbon fiber laminate structures
Authors: McClintock Hayley , Deng Yusong , Sheehan Michael , Lipson Hod 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Carbon fiber composites have revolutionized various industries due to their exceptional mechanical properties and lightweight nature. However, the conventional curing processes used in their manufacturing are often time-consuming and energy-intensive. In this study, we propose an alternative approach utilizing blue and red lasers for the selective curing of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates, enabling the development of deployable structures. Laser curing offers several advantages over traditional methods, including precise control over curing parameters, rapid heating and cooling rates, and localized energy delivery. This fabrication method is ideal for applications in deployable design. Deployable structures have become increasingly popular due to their ease of assembly and compact storage capabilities. They are often made from lightweight and durable materials and are designed to be assembled quickly with minimal tools and expertise required. Origami principles have been used to design deployable structures that can be collapsed and deployed along the same path, and pop-up design techniques have also been used to create articulated three-dimensional structures that can be fabricated starting from a flattened state. In this context, two laser fabrication methods are presented and a deployable, pop-up carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) lattice structure is developed, as well as a ruled surface structure. For the first strategy,a blue laser is used to selectively cure parts of the flattened CFRP design, creating hinges that allow the entire structure to be deployed in a pop-up manner. In the second strategy, a red laser is used to ablate epoxy from the prepreg carbon fiber, leaving areas that are more flexible than the surrounding areas once the entire structure is cured. This design and fabrication method yields a deployable structure with many potential applications in aerospace fields.
Schwann cell-specific ablation of Beclin 1 impairs peripheral myelination and leads to a progressive motor and sensory neuropathy
Authors: Gambarotto Lisa , Bresolin Silvia , Persano Luca , D’Amore Rachele , Ronchi Giulia , Zen Federica , Muratori Luisa , Russo Loris , Cani Alice , Braghetta Paola , Bizzotto Dario , Cescon Matilde 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The core component of the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, Beclin 1, takes part in different protein networks, thus switching its role from inducing autophagy to regulating autophagosomal maturation and endosomal trafficking. While assessed in neurons, astrocytes and microglia, its role was far less investigated in myelinating glia, including Schwann cells (SCs), responsible for peripheral nerve myelination. Remarkably, the dysregulation in endosomal trafficking is emerging as a pathophysiological mechanism underlying peripheral neuropathies, such as demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases.
By knocking out Beclin 1 in SCs we here generated a novel mouse model (Becn1 cKO), developing a severe and progressive neuropathy, accompanied by involuntary tremors, body weight loss and premature death. Ultrastructural analysis revealed abated myelination and SCs displaying enlarged cytoplasm with progressive accumulation of intracellular vesicles. Transcriptomic and histological analysis from sciatic nerves of 10-day and 2-month-old mice revealed pro-mitotic gene deregulation and increased SCs proliferation at both stages with axonal loss and increased immune infiltration in adults, well reflecting the progressive motor and sensory functional impairment that characterizes Becn1 cKO mice, compared to controls. Our study establishes a further step in understanding key mechanisms in SC development and points to Beclin 1 and its regulated pathways as targets for demyelinating CMT forms.
Detecting mobile phone usage while driving a vehicle using AI and AR
Authors: Kuruva Keshav Prasad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The rise in catastrophic road mishaps is significantly linked to drivers' increasingly prevalent use of mobile phones for various activities, including texting, communicating, and using social platforms. Distracted driving, fueled by such indiscriminate usage patterns, has witnessed an alarming upsurge over time - from a mere 1.5% prevalence in 2012, rocketing sharply towards a worrying rate upwards to 3.4%, as noted during recent observations taken in 2021. In response to this increasingly concerning issue plaguing modern-day transportation safety protocols, this thesis argues favorably for incorporating Augmented Reality systems programmed expertly as recognition tools with capabilities powerful enough not just to detect real-time mobile phone use but also possess the proficiency necessary for timely issuance of alerts or warnings suggesting distraction aims underway throughout crucial journey phases constituting each drive's entirety.
Infection of Egyptian domestic rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, with Cysticercus pisiformis (Cestoda: Taeniidae): morphological, molecular, and histopathological diagnostic tools
Authors: Hussein Nermean Moamen , Rabie Soheir A. H. , Abuelwafa Wafaa A. , Eldin Mouchira M. Mohi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Cysticercosis raises the alarm for domestic rabbits since it has a significant impact on their health, productivity, and nutritional value. In this study, several white to cream-colored cysts were detected in the mesentery of the stomach and intestine, as well as embedded in the liver of domestic rabbits collected from Qena Governorate, Egypt. Our morphological and molecular analyses of these cysts reveal that they are Cysticercus pisiformis, the larval stage of Taenia pisiformis. Gross and histopathological investigations of infected organs were documented. To our knowledge, this is the first geographical report on cysticercus pisiformis in domestic rabbits in Qena Governorate, using current morphological, molecular, and histopathological methodologies that provide critical data for developing diagnostic targets for C. pisiformis.
Azacitidine and gemtuzumab ozogamicin as post-transplant maintenance therapy for high-risk hematologic malignancies
Authors: Najima Yuho , Kaito Satoshi , Kishida Yuya , Nagata Akihito , Konishi Tatsuya , Yamada Yuta , Kurosawa Shuhei , Yoshifuji Kota , Shirane Shuichi , Shingai Naoki , Toya Takashi , Shimizu Hiroaki , Haraguchi Kyoko , Kobayashi Takeshi , Okuyama Yoshiki , Doki Noriko 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Disease recurrence remains the principal cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Post-transplant maintenance therapy with azacitidine (AZA) is promising to prevent relapse but the outcomes are unsatisfactory in patients at high risk of recurrence. Herein, we evaluated the outcome in patients who received AZA and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), anti-CD33 antibody-calicheamicin conjugate, as post-transplant maintenance therapy. Twenty-eight patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies harboring CD33-positive leukemic blasts received the maintenance therapy. AZA (30 mg/m2) was administered for 7 days, followed by GO (3 mg/m2) on day 8. The maximum number of cycles was 4. At transplant, 21 patients (75.0%) had active disease. Their 2-year overall survival, disease-free survival, relapse, and non-relapse mortality rates were 53.6%, 39.3%, 50.0%, and 10.7%, respectively. Of these patients, those with minimal residual disease at the start of maintenance therapy (n = 9) had a higher recurrence rate (66.7% vs. 42.1% at 2 years, P = 0.069) and shorter disease-free survival (11.1% vs. 52.6% at 2 years, P = 0.003). Post-transplant maintenance therapy with AZA and GO was generally tolerable but more than half of the patients eventually relapsed. Further improvements are needed to prevent relapse after transplantation in patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies.
Encapsulation and release of calcein from Herceptin- conjugated eLiposomes
Authors: Zafar Mah Noor , Pitt William G. , Husseini Ghaleb 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Achieving an optimal therapeutic level is crucial in effectively eradicating cancer cells during treatment. However, conventional chemotherapy-associated systemic administration of anticancer agents leads to many side effects. To achieve the desired control over the target site, active targeting of HER2-positive breast cancer cells can be achieved by conjugating liposomal vesicles with Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and inducing release of the encapsulated drug using ultrasound. To further enhance the delivery efficiency, nanoemulsion droplets exhibiting responsiveness to low-frequency ultrasound are encapsulated within these lipid vesicles. In this study, we prepared four different liposomal formulations, namely pegylated liposomes, emulsion liposomes (eLiposomes), HER-conjugated liposomes, and HER-conjugated eLiposomes, each loaded with calcein and subjected to a thorough characterization process. Their sizes, phospholipid concentration, and amount of antibody conjugation were compared and analyzed. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the encapsulation of nanoemulsion droplets within the liposomes. The drug-releasing performance of Herceptin-conjugated eLiposomes was found to surpass that of other liposomal formulations with a notably higher calcein release and established it as a highly effective nanocarrier. The study showcases the efficacy of calcein-loaded and Herceptin-conjugated eLiposomes, which demonstrate rapid and efficient drug release among other liposomal formulations when subjected to ultrasound. This discovery paves the way for a more targeted, efficient, and humane approach to cancer therapy.
Analytical expression of displacement of circular double tunnels in transversely isotropic rock mass in unstable rock zone of southwest mountainous area
Authors: Wei Linyang , Zhang Zhizeng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Due to the instability of the underground rock structure in the southwest mountain area, the influence of different pore shapes on the rock mechanics performance and fracture characteristics under uniaxial compression changes. The analysis and research on the displacement of double circular tunnels in layered rock mass lay an essential foundation for back-analyzing the displacement of anisotropic double caverns. Researchers can derive the displacement analytical solution for two circular tunnels in a transverse isotropy rock mass using the complex function and Schwarz alternating methods. This analytic solution can simplify the analytical solution of displacement within an isotropic rock mass and the displacement analytical solution for a single circular tunnel in a transversely isotropy rock mass. The solution demonstrates that even when the tunnel cross-section is presumed to be parallel to the isotropic plane during derivation, the displacement of the surrounding rock is influenced by the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio in both the isotropic plane and the plane perpendicular to it. Hence, in the displacement back-analysis of two tunnels in transversely isotropic rock mass viewed in cross-section, it is necessary to determine six parameters that meet discernible conditions and use the corresponding sensitivity coefficients to invert the uniqueness of the parameters. By comparing the analytic solution with the numerical solution, it was found that the trends of both solutions were mainly consistent. Moreover, the error between the analytic and numerical solutions was relatively small within the 90 to 105 degrees data, which indicates that the analytical solution can effectively reflect the actual deformation pattern of circular tunnels. This finding is pivotal for back analysis of tunnel excavation displacement in layered rock masses.
Exploring the Relationship between Strain Change in Fengjie Area of the Three Gorges Reservoir and Large Earthquakes on the Edge of the Sichuan Basin
Authors: Tao Chen , Lei Dong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between near-surface crustal strain and large earthquakes by utilizing continuous observation data from a borehole strain instrument in Fengjie-Hongtu, located in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The observation data was subjected to normalized processing and analysis, leading to the identification of three distinct and morphologically similar surface strain trend anomalies. These anomalies coincided with earthquakes of magnitude 6 or higher on the edge of the Sichuan Basin. In order to explore the reasons behind the anomalous changes in strain trends, geological research was combined with findings from the three earthquakes. The research results suggest that the surface strain trend anomalies observed in the Fengjie borehole strain may indicate alterations in the state of stress and strain transmission within the regional stress field. These three anomalies are preliminarily determined to be precursory anomalies. This finding is important for further understanding the mechanism of earthquake generation and early warning.
Host Specialisation in the Common Bed Bug (Cimex lectularius): Genetic Characterization of the Bat and Human Lineages
Authors: Castex Clara , Clément Laura , Perréaz Pierre , Goudet Jérôme , Christe Philippe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
After its nearly eradication in the 1940’s, the bed bug (Cimex lectularius) experienced a global resurgence with some populations displaying insecticide resistance. Two distinct lineages of bed bugs have been identified, one of which is associated with humans and the other with bats. Given that bat roosts can be shared within human shelters, investigating host specialisation in bed bugs is essential to gain a better understanding of the potential risks of cross-species transmission.
Methods
We analysed and compared the genetic composition of human and bat-associated bed bugs. We first conducted a median-joining analysis based on COI and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes to detect any host-specific separation of haplotypes. Then, using 10 microsatellites, we estimated the genetic diversity and structure between and within the two hosts-associated bed bugs. Finally, we carried out an analysis of knock-down insecticide resistance gene variants to assess the difference in resistance of the host-associated common bed bugs to pyrethroid insecticides.
Results
The median-joining analysis shows a clear separation of all haplotypes that are host-specific. Consistently, the analysis of genetic structure reveals two genetic clusters associated with bats and humans with some structure among human-associated sites. Human-associated bed bugs might have settled from multiple colonisation events or undergone bottlenecks. This separation is also supported by the analysis of knock-down insecticide resistance gene variants which shows that bed bugs infecting humans have evolved insecticide resistance in contrast to the ones infecting bats.
Conclusion
Taken together, our results show that bed bugs seem to have evolved into genetically differentiated lineages specialised on different hosts, thus supporting the hypothesis of host specialisation in the common bed bugs.
A genetic perspective on the relationship between circulating proteins and bladder cancer: a study from drug-targeted Mendelian randomization
Authors: Zhang Chen , Dong Huke , Zhang Dongwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common tumor in men worldwide, and advanced bladder cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate. The treatment of bladder cancer is currently developing slowly, and there is an urgent need for effective therapies to improve the survival of patients with bladder cancer.
Method:We firstly analyzed the bladder cancer database from biobank and circulating proteins by mendelian(MR).The results were co-localized after FDR correction, and we selected PPH4>0.8 as the protein with strong evidence.We used a bladder cancer database from Finland as a validation set, which was similarly subjected to MR analysis of its results.
Result:In the first step we performed a two-sample MR analysis of circulating proteins and the bladder cancer database from UKB, screened 46 proteins with P<0.05 by FDR test, and co-localized proteins in the results were analyzed. In the second step we again performed MR analysis on circulating proteins and the bladder cancer data from the Finnish database, which were also subjected to FDR test and screened for proteins with P<0.05, and combined the FDR test results with the bladder cancer data.We compared the co-localized proteins from UKB with the results obtained from the Finnish database, and a total of 7 proteins were found to be validated.
Conclusion: GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTM4, ASIP, CSF2RB, CNDP1, and DLK1 deserve to be explored for their druggability, and we look forward to more antitumor drugs to treat bladder cancer in the future.
Development and validation of predicting prognostic survival in hepatocellular carcinoma with metastases and chemotherapy effectiveness studies
Authors: Yin Xiaobo , Zheng Jin , Tian Yuanhui , Zhang Ping , Li Ke 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of tumor with high invasiveness, and HCC patients with metastases have a higher risk of early death. One aim of the present study was to identify the prognostic factors of early death in HCC patients with metastases and to establish predictive nomograms. The other aim was to investigate the prognostic survival effect of chemotherapy.
Methods: 3,428 HCC patients with metastases between 2010 and 2019 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to measure potential risk factors, and the nomogram of overall survival (OS) at different times was formulated. Propensity score matching (PSM) and Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve were further performed to evaluate the influence of chemotherapy on prognosis.
Results: Lung metastasis, Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumor size, T stage, N stage, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy were independent prognostic risk factors for OS that were utilized to conduct the nomogram. In the training cohort and internal validation cohort, the C-indexes of the prediction model were 0.728 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.722-0.734), and 0.742 (0.733-0.751). Specifically, the survival risk for HCC metastasis patients without chemotherapy was 1.935 times higher than with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy prolonged the median survival period by 3 months.
Conclusions: We constructed a new nomogram to predict OS in HCC patients with metastases, which can help patients and doctors to judge prognosis and make clinical decisions. It has been shown that in metastatic HCC patients, chemotherapy is an effective treatment option to improve prognostic survival.
Cerebellar volumetry in ataxias: Relation to ataxia severity and duration
Authors: Ferreira Mónica , Schaprian Tamara , Kügler David , Reuter Martin , Deike-Hoffmann Katerina , Timmann Dagmar , Ernst Thomas , Giunti Paola , Garcia-Moreno Hector , de Warrenburg Bart van , Gaalen Judith van , de Vries Jeroen , Jacobi Heike , Steiner Katharina Marie , Öz Gülin , Joers James M. , Onyike Chiadi , Povazan Michal , Reetz Kathrin , Romanzetti Sandro , Klockgether Thomas , Faber Jennifer 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Cerebellar atrophy is the neuropathological hallmark of most ataxias. Hence, quantifying the volume of the cerebellar grey and white matter is of great interest. In this study, we aim to identify volume differences in the cerebellum between spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), SCA3 and SCA6 as well as multiple system atrophy of cerebellar type (MSA-C).
Methods: Our cross-sectional data set comprised mutation carriers of SCA1 (N=12), SCA3 (N=62), SCA6 (N=14), as well as MSA-C patients (N=16). Cerebellar volumes were obtained from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. To compare the different atrophy patterns, we performed a z-transformation and plotted the intercept of each patient group's model at the mean of 7 years of ataxia duration as well as at the mean ataxia severity of 14 points in the SARA sum score. In addition, we plotted the extrapolation at ataxia duration of 0 years as well as 0 points in the SARA sum score.
Results: Patients with MSA-C demonstrated the most pronounced volume loss, particularly in the cerebellar white matter, at the late time intercept. Patients with SCA6 showed a pronounced volume loss in cerebellar grey matter with increasing ataxia severity compared to all other patient groups. MSA-C, SCA1 and SCA3 showed a prominent atrophy of the cerebellar white matter.
Conclusion: Our results (i) confirmed SCA6 being considered as a pure cerebellar gray matter disease, (ii) emphasise the involvement of cerebellar white matter in the neurophatology of SCA1, SCA3 and MSA-C, and (iii) reflect the rapid clinical progression in MSA-C.
Multi-tissue metabolic and transcriptomic responses to a short-term heat stress in swine
Authors: Huau Guilhem , Liaubet Laurence , Gourdine Jean-Luc , Riquet Juliette , Renaudeau David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

BackgroundHeat stress (HS) is an increasing threat for pig production with a wide range of impacts. When submitted to high temperatures, pigs will use a variety of strategies to alleviate the effect of HS. While systemic adaptations are well known, tissue-specific changes remain poorly understood. In this study, thirty-two pigs were submitted to a 5-day HS at 32° C.ResultsTranscriptomic and metabolomic analyses were performed on several tissues. The results revealed differentially expressed genes and metabolites in different tissues. Specifically, 481, 1774, 71, 1572, 17, 164, and 169 genes were differentially expressed in muscle, adipose tissue, liver, blood, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands, respectively. Regulatory glands (pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal) had a lower number of regulated genes, perhaps indicating an earlier sensitivity to HS. In addition, 7, 8, 2, and 8 metabolites were differentially produced in muscle, liver, plasma, and urine, respectively. The study also focused on the oxidative stress pathway in muscle and liver by performing a correlation analysis between genes and metabolites.ConclusionsThis study has identified various adaptation mechanisms in swine that enable them to cope with heat stress (HS). These mechanisms include a global decrease in energetic metabolism, as well as changes in metabolic precursors that are linked with protein and lipid catabolism and anabolism. Notably, the adaptation mechanisms differ significantly between regulatory (pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands) and effector tissues (muscle, adipose tissue, liver and blood). Our findings provide new insights into the comprehension of HS adaptation mechanisms in swine.