bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chlamydospore dormancy and predatory activity of nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans
Authors: Wang Bo‐bo , Li You‐lei , Tian Shu‐yue , Wang Hai‐zhou , Li Xin , Wang Feng‐hui , Cai Kui‐zheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans are an essential survival and reproductive structure and also an effective ingredient for the biocontrol of parasitic nematodes in livestock. In this study, entering and exiting dormancy conditions and predatory activity of the fungal chlamydospores were conducted. During this fungal growth process, the cultivation time is negatively correlated with spore germination rates. After the spores were processed by vacuum drying for 168 h, their germination rate dropped to 0.94%. In contrast, the percentage of living spores remained 54.82%, suggesting that the spores entered structural dormancy in the arid environment. Meanwhile, the efficacies of the spore against Haemonchus contortus larvae were 93.05% (0 h), 92.19% (16 h), 92.77% (96 h), and 86.45% (168 h), respectively. After dormant spores were stored at 4°C, −20°C, and 28°C (RH90 ~ 95%) for 7 days, their germination rate began to increase significantly (p < 0.05). For in vitro predation assay under the condition of 28°C (RH90 ~ 95%), the predation rate was significantly higher on the 7th day after incubation than that on the 3rd day (p < 0.05). During the period when spores were stored at room temperature for 8 months, their germination rate decreased in the first 5 months and then increased slowly to reach a peak in the 7th month. However, the reduction rate of H. contortus L3 in feces captured by spores remained above 71% for the first 7 months. These results will help us increase the end products yield and the quality of biological control of parasitic nematodes in livestock.
Adsorption behavior of surfactants on sandstone reservoir rocks with carbonate cements and its influence on wettability alteration
Authors: Phukan Ranjan , Saha Rahul , Mazumdar Pritam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the adsorption behaviors of surfactants in sandstone reservoir rocks containing various amounts of carbonate cement/minerals and their impact on wettability alteration under low‐salinity conditions. Two types of rock samples from sandstone reservoirs of Assam oilfields in India are selected based on XRD results. These rock types are (i) high carbonate cement (HCC) core sample with higher carbonate cement (calcite 5.6% and dolomite 4.0%), and (ii) low carbonate cement (LCC) core sample with lower carbonate cement (calcite = 0.5% and dolomite 0%). The study reveals that the mineralogy of sandstone reservoir rocks especially the carbonate minerals affects the brine‐rock interactions including wettability alternation and surfactant adsorption. Notable differences (2° to 8°) in contact angles for the two rock types at different salinities revealed that carbonate cement in sandstone thus impacts brine‐rock interactions. Further, low salinity surfactant (LSS) could positively alter the wettability of both rock types to water‐wet conditions (contact angle <60°). The most favorable wettability alterations (up to 30°) were achieved with cationic LSS solutions for both core types. Using LSS solutions also reduced the adsorption of anionic surfactant by around 40% and 33% for HCC and LCC rock samples, respectively. The study's novelty emanates from investigating the impact of sandstone reservoir rock mineralogy with varying amounts of carbonate cements on the adsorption behavior of surfactants under low‐salinity conditions. Moreover, this study provides a better understanding of the interrelationship existing between the degree of wettability alteration and the amount of surfactant adsorbed by sandstone rocks.
Discovery and characterization of a novel carbohydrate‐binding module: a favorable tool for investigating agarose
Authors: Mei Xuanwei , Zhang Yuying , Jiang Xiaoxiao , Liu Guanchen , Shen Jingjing , Xue Changhu , Xiao Hang , Chang Yaoguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgarose, mainly composed of 3,6‐anhydro‐α‐l‐galactopyranose (LA) and β‐d‐galactopyranose (G) units, is an important polysaccharide with wide applications in food, biomedical and bioengineering industries. Carbohydrate‐binding modules (CBMs) are favorable tools for the investigations of polysaccharides. Few agarose‐binding CBMs have been hitherto reported, and their binding specificity is unclear.RESULTSAn unknown domain with a predicted β‐sandwich fold was discovered from a β‐agarase of the marine bacterium Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica CZ1127T. The expressed protein WfCBM101 could bind to agarose and exhibited relatively weak affinity for porphyran, with no affinity for the other seven examined polysaccharides. The protein binds to the tetrasaccharide (LA‐G)2, but not to the major tetrasaccharide contained in porphyran. The sequence novelty and well‐defined binding function of WfCBM101 shed light on a novel CBM family (CBM101). Furthermore, the feasibility of WfCBM101 for visualizing agarose in situ was confirmed.CONCLUSIONA novel CBM, WfCBM101, with a desired specificity for agarose was discovered and characterized, which represents a new CBM family. The CBM could be utilized as a promising tool for studies of agarose. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Emerging innovations and advancements in the treatment of extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Walker Kyle , Simister Samuel K. , Carr‐Ascher Janai , Monument Michael J. , Thorpe Steven W. , Randall R. Lor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this special edition update on soft tissue sarcomas (STS), we cover classifications, emerging technologies, prognostic tools, radiation schemas, and treatment disparities in extremity and truncal STS. We discuss the importance of enhancing local control and reducing complications, including the role of innovative imaging, surgical guidance, and hypofractionated radiation. We review advancements in systemic and immunotherapeutic treatments and introduce disparities seen in this vulnerable population that must be considered to improve overall patient care.
A missense GDF5 variant causes brachydactyly type A1 and multiple‐synostoses syndrome 2
Authors: Li Juyi , Liang Xiaofang , Wang Xiufang , Yang Pei , Jian Xiaofei , Fu Lei , Deng Aiping , Liu Chao , Liu Jianxin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the molecular defects and clinical manifestations in a Chinese family with brachydactyly (BD) type A1 (BDA1) and multiple‐synostoses syndrome 2 (SYNS2).MethodsA Chinese family with BDA1 and SYNS2 was enrolled in this study. Whole‐exome sequencing was used to analyze the gene variants in the proband. The sequences of the candidate pathogenic variant in GDF5 was validated via Sanger sequencing. I‐TASSER and PyMOL were used to analyze the functional domains of the corresponding mutant proteins.ResultsThe family was found to have an autosomal‐dominantly inherited combination of BDA1 and SYNS2 caused by the S475N variant in the GDF5 gene. The variant was located within the functional region, and the mutated residue was found to be highly conserved among species. Via bioinformatic analyses, we predicted this variant to be deleterious, which perturb the protein function. The substitution of the negatively charged amino acid S475 with the neutral N475 was predicted to disrupt the formation of salt bridges with Y487 and impair the structure, stability, and function of the protein, consequently, the abnormalities in cartilage and bone development ensue.ConclusionsA single genetic variant (S475N) which disrupt the formation of salt bridges with Y487, in the interface of the antagonist‐ and receptor‐binding sites of GDF5 concurrently causes two pathological mechanisms. This is the first report of this variant, identified in a Chinese family with BDA1 and SYNS2.
Chiral analysis and semi‐preparative separation of metconazole stereoisomers by supercritical fluid chromatography and cytotoxicity assessment in vitro
Authors: Xu Xiang‐Bing 
Published: November 2023

Metconazole is one of the widely‐used chiral triazole fungicides in controlling wheat leaf rust, powdery mildew, Fusarium head blight with high efficacy, and so forth. In the current work, the effects of chiral stationary phases, alcoholic modifiers, and column temperature on the chiral separation of metconazole were discussed in detail. Amylose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐coated chiral stationary phase exhibited much stronger chiral recognition ability toward metconazole stereoisomers in the CO2/ethanol mixture as compared to the others. Then, a two‐step semi‐preparative separation of metconazole was performed through supercritical fluid chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography, and the enantiomeric excess values of four stereoisomers were achieved over 98%. Moreover, the enantioselective cytotoxicity of cis‐metconazole against HepG2 cells has been investigated, and the order of the cell proliferation toxicity against HepG2 cells was (1R, 5S)‐metconazole > (1S, 5R)‐metconazole > the mixture. Briefly, this study would provide valuable information in the preparative separation of optically pure metconazole products through chromatographic techniques and their environmental risk assessment.
Hepatitis C virus micro‐elimination in people who inject drugs: Challenges and chance in Taiwan and worldwide
Authors: Tai Chi‐Ming , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWith the introduction of direct‐acting antivirals, elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is becoming possible. People who inject drugs (PWID) represent a population with a high risk for HCV infection, which has been reported as high as 90% in Taiwanese PWID. To reach the goal of HCV elimination, PWID is a key population deserving special attention. Barriers in HCV care cascade still exist in PWID, and interventions to promote access to HCV diagnosis, link‐to‐care, treatment, and prevention for PWID are warranted. Although HCV micro‐elimination can be achieved in some prisons and opioid substitution therapy (OST) centers by a multidisciplinary team and integrated care in Taiwan, there are still several unmet needs for HCV elimination in PWID. Continuous efforts, such as the participation of OST specialists and the continuum of care for HCV among PWID, are needed to achieve HCV elimination in Taiwan. In addition, the combination of harm reduction services, treatment as prevention and regular posttreatment HCV surveillance is critical to substantially reduce HCV transmission and prevalence in PWID.
Measurement of Upper Airway Volume in Children with Craniofacial Abnormalities
Authors: Gordon Alex J. , Ben‐Dov Tom , Asfour Leena , Pan Lydia , Homsi Marie Therese , Taufique Zahrah , Rickert Scott 
Published: November 2023

Objective(s)Previous literature has established a high prevalence of upper airway obstruction in children with craniofacial abnormalities. This study aims to perform quantitative airway volume measurements in patients with craniofacial abnormalities and compare them to age and sex‐matched controls.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of the records of all children with craniofacial abnormalities who underwent head‐and‐neck computed tomography (CT) imaging at a single tertiary‐care center between 1/1/13 and 12/31/20 using the ICD‐10 codes Q75.1, Q75.4, and Q87.0. These patients were then matched by age and sex to patients with isolated craniosynostosis (Q75.0). CT scans were imported into Dolphin Imaging software, and airway volumes were measured for the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx. The primary outcome was the total airway volume, defined as the sum of these measurements.ResultsThirty subjects with craniofacial syndromes were matched to 30 patients with isolated craniosynostosis (controls). In both groups, 18 subjects (60%) were male (p = 0.99). The average ages for syndromic patients and controls were 12.1 and 12.9 months, respectively (p = 0.84). On average, the total airway volumes of syndromic patients were 25% lower than those of controls (p = 0.02). Syndromic patients had 39% smaller nasal cavity volumes (p < 0.001) and 32% smaller nasopharyngeal volumes (p < 0.01). Significant volume differences were not observed for the oropharynx or hypopharynx.ConclusionWe present a unique technique to measure airway volumes in patients with craniofacial abnormalities. These findings will help practitioners to further understand the anatomy and pathophysiology of disturbed breathing in children with craniofacial syndromes.Level of EvidenceIII Laryngoscope, 134:2915–2921, 2024
A Dynamically Programmable Quantum Photonic Microprocessor for Graph Computation
Authors: Zhu Huihui , Chen Haosen , Li Shuyi , Chen Tian , Li Yuan , Luo Xianshu , Gao Feng , Li Qiang , Zhou Linjie , Karim Muhammad Faeyz , Shang Xiaopeng , Duan Fei , Cai Hong , Chin Lip Ket , Kwek Leong Chuan , Zhang Xiangdong , Liu Ai‐Qun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuantum computing has grown extensively, especially in system design and development, and the current research focus has gradually evolved from validating quantum advantage to practical applications. In particular, nondeterministic‐polynomial‐time (NP)‐complete problems are central in numerous important application areas. Still, in practice, it is difficult to solved efficiently with conventional computers, limited by the exponential jump in hardness. Here, a quantum photonic microprocessor based on Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) that offers dynamic programmability to solve various graph‐related NP‐complete problems is demonstrated. The system with optical, electrical, and thermal packaging implements a GBS with 16 modes of single‐mode squeezed vacuum states, a universal programmable 16‐mode interferometer, and a single photon readout on all outputs with high accuracy, generality, and controllability. The developed system is applied to demonstrate applications in solving NP‐complete problems, manifesting the ability of photonic quantum computing to realize practical applications for conventionally intractable computations. The GBS‐based quantum photonic microprocessor is applied to solve task assignment, Boolean satisfiability, graph clique, max cut, and vertex cover. These demonstrations suggest an excellent benchmarking platform, paving the way toward large‐scale combinatorial optimization.
Tunable Optofluidic Curvature for Micromanipulation
Authors: Verma Gopal , Yadav Gyanendra , Shi Yuzhi , Zhou Lei‐Ming , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Li Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractManipulating micro/nanoparticles on deformed liquid interfaces induced by radiation pressure presents an active, non‐invasive, and contactless method. However, a significant challenge arises due to the relatively small magnitude of the radiation force in normal incidence. Nevertheless, this technique holds immense utility in controlling particle movement at interfaces, with numerous applications in both physical and biological contexts. To overcome this, the peculiar properties of total internal reflection (TIR) in retro‐reflection mode are expoited to create a high amplitude bulge on the water surface, which can migrate radius particles as forcibly as the traditional micro‐post paradigm. The bulge height is measured using an interferometric technique, and the underlying physics are demonstrated using an imitated particle with a capillary charge. By shining two pump lasers, an interface shape is created with increasing complexity, and the relative pump laser intensity is tuned to migrate particles in the desired direction. The method provides a non‐invasive and contactless way to remotely actuate almost all types of micro/nanoparticles at the liquid surface.
Highly Discriminative Amplification of a Single Frequency Comb Line
Authors: Xiong Yatan , Zhou Jiaqi , Cao Xinru , Cui Shuzhen , Jiang Huawei , Feng Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe optical power of a single line in optical frequency combs (OFCs) is inherently weak, so the extraction and amplification of a single OFC line is required for many high‐precision applications. In this work, a high gain, narrowband, and all‐polarization‐maintaining (PM) fiber Brillouin amplifier is introduced to address this issue. The use of PM fiber as the gain medium provides higher Brillouin gain and avoids polarization sensitivity to thermal and acoustic disturbance. The gain fiber is reduced to tens of meters with higher pump power, which is beneficial for the phase quality of the amplified comb line. Numerical simulations and experiments are performed to investigate the features of the Brillouin amplification process for an individual OFC line. Notably, direct generation of a Watt‐level single‐mode laser from an OFC is demonstrated, with a signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (SNR) of 47 dB and a side‐mode‐suppression‐ratio (SMSR) exceeding 60 dB, which represents the highest power, and best SNR and SMSR performance ever reported, to the best of the knowledge.
High‐Resolution 2D Quasi‐Distributed Optical Sensing with On‐Chip Multiplexed FSR‐Free Nanobeam Cavity Array
Authors: Tang Renjie , Sun Chunlei , Bao Kangjian , Chen Zequn , Ju Zezhao , Wei Maoliang , Wu Yingchun , Wu Jianghong , Xu Kai , Lin Hongtao , Li Lan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOn‐chip free spectral range (FSR)‐free optical filter with a compact footprint is crucial for developing emerging sensing applications, as it allows for the optimal utilization of extensive optical bandwidth. Despite being an important area of technology, on‐chip optical sensing system has faced challenges in channel count, particularly due to the limited FSR, large footprint, and loss of the wavelength‐selective filter unit. To address these challenges, a scalable nanobeam cavity prototype with a length of ≈21 µm based on the asymmetric Bragg mirrors is presented. By engineering the band structure of the nanobeam cavity, the stopband can be flexibly tuned to achieve an FSR‐free spectral response within 350 nm. Two 25‐nanobeam‐cavity arrays are fabricated with a footprint of 215 × 120 µm2 and an average insertion loss of ≈3.2 dB over a broad wavelength range. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest‐channel‐count multiplexed micro‐cavity array on a single waveguide, reported to date. As a proof‐of‐principle application, the 2D high‐spatial‐resolution temperature distribution sensing is experimentally demonstrated. This work provides new insight into the design of ultra‐compact FSR‐free filters and will give birth to numerous charming applications that make use of the broad bandwidth capabilities of optics while occupying minimal space.
Ionic Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Cycloaddition of Carbon Dioxide to Epoxides
Authors: Lin Xiang , Guo Zhengjun , Wu Yongneng , Yuan Jiayin , Liao Yaozu , Zhang Weiyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlong the development of ionic porous organic polymers, simple and efficient synthetic methods are actively pursued. Herein, the Debus–Radziszewski reaction is applied to synthesize ionic conjugated microporous polymers (iCMPs) in one step. A series of imidazolium‐linked iCMP‐X (X = 1, 2, 3) are developed for CO2 sorption and in situ conversion with epoxide into cyclic carbonates. The as‐synthesized iCMPs are characterized in detail by scanning electron microscope, solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, N2/CO2 sorption, and more. Among all synthesized iCMPs, iCMP‐1 possesses the highest specific surface area and in turn the strongest CO2 sorption capacity. Moreover, through a simple anion ion exchange reaction with halide, iCMP‐1 is transformed to iCMP‐1@Cl that embodies significant catalytic capability for converting CO2 into cyclic carbonates.
The impact of corporate social responsibility on consumer brand engagement and purchase intention at fashion retailers
Authors: Cuesta‐Valiño Pedro , Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez Pablo , García‐Henche Blanca , Núñez‐Barriopedro Estela 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsumers have demonstrated new ways of engaging with fashion retailers and experiencing their brand values. This research aims to understand better how fashion consumers form their purchase intentions, by exploring how their expectations about corporate social responsibility influence consumer brand engagement and purchase intention. The research comprises two studies, using different methodologies. The first study is quantitative; it involved 1296 individuals and the results were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The second study is qualitative and utilizes expert opinions from the fashion industry; it seeks to derive managerial and practical implications from the findings of the first study. The results show that corporate social responsibility influences the purchase intention of fashion consumers, but mainly through brand engagement. Consequently, fashion companies should focus on building consumer trust in the sustainability initiatives of brands, including by utilizing local suppliers.
Offering prosocial incentives on‐top: Do they sweeten the deal or poison the well?
Authors: Beisecker Sven , Schlereth Christian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCompanies often rely on customer feedback to build and improve their business. Customers, in turn, are expected to (i) fill in customer feedback surveys (participation) and (ii) provide accurate responses (performance). To encourage active participation and ensure accurate responses, companies traditionally offer either self‐benefiting incentives, like lottery prizes, or prosocial incentives, like charity donations. More recently, some companies have started offering prosocial incentives on top of self‐benefiting incentives in the hope to “sweeten the deal,” that is, to improve participation and performance even further. With this research, we challenge whether the on‐top prosocial incentives are effective. The evidence from two field experiments and one incentive‐aligned online experiment does not confirm any such advantage. In contrast, performance can decrease when a low‐amount on‐top prosocial incentive is offered relative to a pure self‐benefiting setting. This trend is only reversed once the on‐top incentive amount increases. Furthermore, for participation, we find that on‐top prosocial incentives are ineffective and, at higher amounts, even detrimental. Therefore, our empirical insights rather suggest that on‐top prosocial incentives “poison the well.”
Antibacterial and DNA‐Based Hydrogels In Situ Block TNF‐α to Promote Diabetic Alveolar Bone Rebuilding
Authors: Peng Linrui , Li Wei , Peng Ge , Wei Danfeng , Gou Liping , Zhou Ye , Zhou Yaojia , Chen Xiaoting , Wu Lei , Zhang Wanli , Hu Liqiang , Cao Qi , Wang Chengshi , Zhang Yuwei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlveolar bone injury under diabetic conditions can severely impede many oral disease treatments. Rebuilding diabetic alveolar bone in clinics is currently challenging due to persistent infection and inflammatory response. Here, an antibacterial DNA‐based hydrogel named Agantigel is developed by integrating silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) antibody into DNA hydrogel to promote diabetic alveolar bone regeneration. Agantigel can effectively inhibit bacterial growth through AgNCs while exhibiting negligible cytotoxicity in vitro. The sustained release of TNF‐α antibody from Agantigel effectively blocks TNF‐α and promotes M2 polarization of macrophages, ultimately accelerating diabetic alveolar bone regeneration in vivo. After 21 days of treatment, Agantigel significantly accelerates the defect healing rate of diabetic alveolar bone up to 82.58 ± 8.58% and improves trabecular architectures compared to free TNF‐α (42.52 ± 15.85%). The results imply that DNA hydrogels are potential bio‐scaffolds helping the sustained release of multidrug for treating DABI or other oral diseases.