bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular disease risk in early‐onset vs late‐onset type 2 diabetes in China: A population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chen Fei , Yu Liping , Xie Shuo , Li Zhaoqing , Deng Ruifen , Jin Xian , He Yifan , Yang Zhaojun , Wang Yao , Yang Wenying , Zhang Bo ,   China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effects of early‐onset type 2 diabetes (EOD) vs late‐onset type 2 diabetes (LOD) on nonfatal cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional survey of 46 239 participants from 14 provinces in China from 2007 to 2008, selecting 4949 participants with type 2 diabetes for analysis. Participants were categorized as EOD (<40 years) or LOD (≥40 years) based on age at diabetes diagnosis. Sociodemographic and nonfatal CVD information was collected through an interviewer‐assisted questionnaire and clinical examination. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the nonfatal CVD risk.ResultsOut of 4949 participants with type 2 diabetes, 390 (7.88%) had nonfatal CVD. Participants with EOD had a higher age‐standardized prevalence of nonfatal CVD than those with LOD (11.4% vs 4.4%). Compared to LOD patients, EOD patients tended to be males and had a higher family history of diabetes, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, and lower blood pressure levels. After adjustment for age and sex, EOD patients had a higher risk of nonfatal CVD than LOD patients (odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% CI 1.5–3.5). After further adjustment for diabetes duration, use of drugs, and other risk factors, the OR of nonfatal CVD was reduced but significant (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9). Sensitivity analysis revealed that EOD patients with metabolic syndrome had an increased nonfatal CVD risk compared to LOD patients (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.5).ConclusionsEOD patients are at increased risk of nonfatal CVD. Individualized intervention and management measures for EOD patients are necessary.
Fibromyalgia and risk of all‐cause, specific mortality: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Wang Hongli , Li Xuanlin , Wang Xueyan , Chen Min , Wen Chengping , He Zhixing , Huang Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the risk of all‐cause, specific mortality among patients with fibromyalgia, which is a controversial topic.MethodsWe conducted a thorough search for cohort studies across the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, from their inception to 1 March 2023, using medical subject headings and relevant keywords. All data were meticulously analyzed using Stata statistical software version 16.0. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023402337).ResultsAfter analyzing seven cohort studies involving 152 933 individuals published between 2001 and 2020, we found no clear evidence linking fibromyalgia or widespread pain to all‐cause mortality risk (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81–1.53; I2 = 82.6%, p = .505). However, our subgroup analysis revealed that the risk of suicide was significantly higher in fibromyalgia patients compared with non‐fibromyalgia patients (OR 5.39, 95% CI 2.16–13.43; I2 = 69.9%, p < .05).ConclusionsOur research did not discover any proof indicating a link between fibromyalgia or widespread pain and all‐cause mortality. However, it is worth noting that there may be a potential correlation between individuals with fibromyalgia or widespread pain and a higher likelihood of suicide. As we had a limited number of participants in our study, further research is necessary to thoroughly investigate the relationship between these factors.
Meeting the needs of rural cancer patients in survivorship: Understanding the role of telehealth
Authors: Rune Karina T. , Cadet Tamara J. , Davis Cindy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores perceptions about the role of telehealth in providing health and supportive services to Australian rural/regional cancer patients and survivor during COVID‐19 and the quality of these services to inform future practice.DesignData were collected as part of a bi‐annual survey on client satisfaction at a rural/regional community cancer wellness centre in Australia.Settings and ParticipantsRural/regional cancer patients and survivors (n = 66) completed an online survey.Main Outcome MeasuresThe three main outcome measures were: (1) attitudes towards telehealth; (2) preference for future cancer support services; and (3) experiences with video/telehealth.ResultsYounger participants were more likely to use allied health services via video/telehealth during COVID‐19 than their older counterparts. The preferred format for cancer support services in future was face‐to‐face (59% for younger and 42% for older participants), telehealth (10% for both groups) and mixed (31% for younger and 48% for older participants).ConclusionsTelehealth has benefits for the delivery of health and supportive services to rural/regional cancer patients and survivors. Nurses can play a key role in assessing the support needs of cancer survivors and facilitating strategies to ensure that survivors have the skills necessary to access telehealth support.
SEM technology for the analysis of tiny calcified remains from a pre‐Hispanic burial from El Hierro (Canary Islands)
Authors: Ordóñez Alejandra C. , Suárez‐Toste Emma , Cockerill Samuel , González‐Reimers Emilio , Arnay‐de‐la‐Rosa Matilde 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) enables the determination of the composition and structure of tiny calcified remains occasionally recovered during burial excavations. To deepen the practical application of this technique, we performed SEM/EDX analysis on three different tiny mineralized, roughly rounded structures with a diameter of less than 5 mm recovered from a pre‐Hispanic collective funerary cave from El Hierro (Canary Islands) and a mineral spherulite of similar size and outer aspect. After SEM imaging and spectroscopic analysis, we conclude that the three samples represent a sesamoid bone, a kidney stone, and a possible case of sialolithiasis. In contrast, the spherulite is a mineral formation composed of calcium carbonate. Our data confirm SEM analysis's usefulness in identifying small, mineralized remains recovered during burial excavations and its contribution to studying past populations. However, we are aware that taphonomic changes may alter, at least partially, the structure, and/or elemental composition of archaeological samples, obscuring differential diagnosis.
What moral weight should patient‐led demand have in clinical decisions about assisted reproductive technologies?
Authors: Stanbury Craig , Lipworth Wendy , Gallagher Siun , Norman Robert J. , Newson Ainsley J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEvidence suggests that one reason doctors provide certain interventions in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is because of patient demand. This is particularly the case when it comes to unproven interventions such as ‘add‐ons’ to in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles, or providing IVF cycles that are highly unlikely to succeed. Doctors tend to accede to demands for such interventions because patients are willing to do and pay ‘whatever it takes’ to have a baby. However, there is uncertainty as to what moral weight should be placed on patient‐led demands in ART, including whether it is acceptable for such demands to be invoked as a justification for intervention. We address this issue in this paper. We start by elucidating what we mean by ‘patient‐led demand’ and synthesise some of the evidence for this phenomenon. We then argue that a doctor's professional role morality (PRM) yields special responsibilities, particularly in commercialised healthcare settings such as ART, because of the nature of professions as social institutions that are distinct from markets. We argue on this basis that, while there may be reasons (consistent with PRM) for doctors to accede to patient demand, this is not always the case. There is often a gap in justification between acceding to patient‐led demands and providing contested interventions, particularly in commercial settings. As a result, acceding to demand in such settings needs a strong justification to be consistent with PRM.
The nexus between national and regional reporting of economic news: Evidence from the United Kingdom and Scotland
Authors: Rambaccussing Dooruj , Kwiatkowski Andrzej 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBroadsheet newspapers are an important source of economic news. Using a unique dataset of more than 489,000 articles over the last 20 years, this article asks the question whether newspapers published in Scotland communicate similar economic sentiments as UK‐wide newspapers. The findings show that although Scottish and UK newspapers share a positive correlation, this relationship varies over time. There is evidence of causality running mostly from the United Kingdom to Scotland. The Scottish Referendum 2014 has had an impact on newspaper reporting when there was more uncertainty in the communication. Individual newspapers respond differently during the referendum periods where some newspapers, The Daily Telegraph and Daily Record for instance reacted to the uncertainty rather strongly, whereas local newspapers represented news in a rather surprising positive note.
Molecular design and systematic optimization of a halogen‐bonding system between the asthma interleukin‐5 receptor and its cyclic peptide ligand
Authors: He Quan , Xu Shuanglan , Ma Xiaomei , Zhou Yinxia , Feng Weiqi , Lu Xuzhi , Yu Meiyue , Chen Zi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHuman interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) functions as an important pro‐inflammatory factor by binding to its specific receptor, IL‐5Rα, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. Previously, a disulfide‐bonded cyclic peptide AF17121 obtained from random library screening and sequence variation was found to competitively disrupt the cognate IL‐5Rα/IL‐5 interaction with moderate potency. In this study, the crystal complex of IL‐5Rα with AF17121 was investigated at structural and energetic levels. It is revealed that the side‐chain indole moiety of the AF17121 Trp5 residue is a potential site for a stem putative halogen bond (X‐bond) with IL‐5Rα, which is just located within the key 3EXXR6 motif region recognized specifically by IL‐5Rα. We systematically examined four halogen substitution types at five positions of the indole moiety; QM/MM calculations theoretically unraveled that only halogenations at 5 and 6 positions can form effective X‐bonds with the side‐chain hydroxyl oxygen of the IL‐5Rα Thr21 residue and the backbone carbonyl oxygen of Ala66 residue, respectively. Binding assays observed that I‐substitution at the 5 position and Br‐substitution at the 6 position can result in two potent halogenated peptides, [5I]AF17121 and [6Br]AF17121, which are improved by 1.6‐fold and 3.5‐fold relative to the native AF17121, respectively. 5I/6Br‐double substitution, resulting in [5I/6Br]AF17121, can further enhance the peptide affinity by 7.5‐fold. Structural analysis revealed that the X‐bond stemming from 6Br‐substitution is also involved in an orthogonal interaction system with a H‐bond; they share a common backbone carbonyl oxygen acceptor of IL‐5Rα Ala66 residue and exhibit a significant synergistic effect between them.
DAFNet: Generating Diverse Actions for Furniture Interaction by Learning Conditional Pose Distribution
Authors: Jin Taeil , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present DAFNet, a novel data‐driven framework capable of generating various actions for indoor environment interactions. By taking desired root and upper‐body poses as control inputs, DAFNet generates whole‐body poses suitable for furniture of various shapes and combinations. To enable the generation of diverse actions, we introduce an action predictor that automatically infers the probabilities of individual action types based on the control input and environment. The action predictor is learned in an unsupervised manner by training Gaussian Mixture Variational Autoencoder (GMVAE). Additionally, we propose a two‐part normalizing flow‐based pose generator that sequentially generates upper and lower body poses. This two‐part model improves motion quality and the accuracy of satisfying conditions over a single model generating the whole body. Our experiments show that DAFNet can create continuous character motion for indoor scene scenarios, and both qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework.We propose DAFNet, a novel data‐driven framework that can generate various actions for indoor environment interactions. Given the desired root and upper‐body pose as control inputs, DAFNet generates whole‐body poses for a character appropriate for furniture of various shapes and combinations.image
Current applications of 3D printing in dental implantology: A scoping review mapping the evidence
Authors: Pradíes Guillermo , Morón‐Conejo Belén , Martínez‐Rus Francisco , Salido María Paz , Berrendero Santiago 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to identify the available evidence in the use of 3D printing technology in dental implantology. Due to the broad scope of the subject and its application in implantology, three main areas of focus were identified: (1) customized dental implants, (2) manufacturing workflow for surgical implant guides, and (3) related implant‐supported prostheses factors, which include the metallic primary frameworks, secondary ceramic or polymer superstructures, and 3D implant analog models.Materials and MethodsOnline databases (Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and CINAHL) were used to identify the studies published up to February 2023 in English. Two experienced reviewers performed independently the screening and selection among the 1737 studies identified. The articles evaluated the additive manufacturing (AM) technology, materials, printing, and post‐processing parameters regarding dental implantology.ResultsThe 132 full‐text studies that met the inclusion criteria were examined. Thirteen studies of customized dental implants, 22 studies about the workflow for surgical implant guides, and 30 studies of related implant‐supported prostheses factors were included.Conclusions(1) The clinical evidence about AM titanium and zirconia implants is scarce. Early data on survival rates, osseointegration, and mechanical properties are being reported. (2) 3D printing is a proven manufacturing technology to produce surgical implant guides. Adherence to the manufacturer's instructions is crucial and the best accuracy was achieved using MultiJet printer. (3) The quality of 3D printed prosthetic structures and superstructures is improving remarkably, especially on metallic alloys. However, better marginal fit and mechanical properties can be achieved with milling technology for metals and ceramics.
Efficacy and safety of chloral hydrate in auditory brainstem response test: A systematic review and single‐arm meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Haotian , Zhang Xiangling , Yao Xinyi , Jin Youyou , Liu Min , Meng Zhaoli , Zhao Yu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of chloral hydrate in auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests.Setting and DesignIn this study, the authors systematically searched both English (Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science) and Chinese (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP Chinese Science) databases. Two authors independently performed data extraction and quality assessment. The pooled sedation failure rate and the pooled incidence of adverse events were calculated via a random‐effects model. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity, and the PRISMA guideline was followed.ParticipantsPatients with ABR tests receiving chloral hydrate sedation.Main outcome measuresThe pooled sedation failure rate and the pooled incidence of adverse events.ResultsA total of 23 clinical studies were included in the final analysis. The pooled sedation failure rate of patients who received chloral hydrate sedation before ABR examination was 10.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) (6.7%, 15.0%), I2 = 95%, p < .01]. There were significant differences in the prevalence of sedation failure between sample sizes greater than 200 and those less than or equal to 200 (5.6% vs. 19.6%, p < .01) and between the studies that reported sleep deprivation and those that did not report sleep deprivation (7.1% vs. 18.9%, p < .01). The pooled incidence of adverse events was 10.32% [95% CI (5.83%, 14.82%), I2 = 98.1%, p < .01].ConclusionsChloral hydrate has a high rate of sedation failure, adverse events, and potential carcinogenicity. Therefore, replacing its use in ABR tests with safer and more effective sedatives is warranted.
Density and ecological drivers of free‐ranging cat abundance and activity in Madeira Island, Macaronesia
Authors: Soto Elena J. , Nunes João , Nóbrega Eduardo , Palmeirim Ana Filipa , Rocha Ricardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMammalian predators introduced to oceanic islands pose a significant threat to biodiversity and have led to numerous extinctions. Free‐ranging cats are particularly problematic due to their predatory habits and negative impact on conservation. However, there is limited information on the ecology and population status of free‐ranging cats in insular ecosystems, where they often represent the apex terrestrial predator. Using a peri‐urban protected area in the subtropical island of Madeira as a case study, we employed camera traps to assess the density of free‐ranging cats and investigate the ecological drivers influencing their abundance and activity in nonurban insular habitats. Based on 582 trapping‐nights, we identified 25 individual cats from 156 cat detections. Spatially explicit capture–recapture models revealed a density of 1.4 cats per km2. Cat activity was positively affected by both the proportion of rocky areas in the landscape and the distance to human resource subsidies, whereas no significant driver was found for abundance. Our results indicate that cats are highly abundant throughout the protected area and suggest that their core home ranges are associated with rocky terrain, away from the most humanized sections of the park. Free‐ranging cats do not appear to heavily rely on anthropogenic food sources, signaling that they may rely mostly on wild prey to fulfill their dietary needs. Their preference for rocky areas could be explained by the increased availability of shelter and prey, such as the Madeira wall lizard (Teira dugesii). Notably, cat abundance and activity were particularly high in the vicinity of the only known breeding colony of the locally threatened Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) on Madeira Island. Our findings suggest that cats pose a significant threat to the native vertebrate fauna of the protected area and thus their management, particularly during the breeding season of the Manx shearwater, should be considered.
Erythrocyte membrane fluidity: A novel biomarker of residual cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bianchetti Giada , Cefalo Chiara Maria Assunta , Ferreri Carla , Sansone Anna , Vitale Marilena , Serantoni Cassandra , Abeltino Alessio , Mezza Teresa , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , De Spirito Marco , Riccardi Gabriele , Giaccari Andrea , Maulucci Giuseppe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsImproving the composition of circulating fatty acids (FA) leads to a reduction in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in high‐risk individuals. The membrane fluidity of red blood cells (RBC), which reflects circulating FA status, may be a valid biomarker of cardiovascular (CV) risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsRed blood cell membrane fluidity, quantified as general polarization (GP), was assessed in 234 subjects with T2D, 86 with prior major CVD. Based on GP distribution, a cut‐off of .445 was used to divide the study cohort into two groups: the first with higher GP, called GEL, and the second, defined as lower GP (LGP). Lipidomic analysis was performed to evaluate FA composition of RBC membranes.ResultsAlthough with comparable CV risk factors, the LGP group had a greater percentage of patients with major CVD than the GEL group (40% vs 24%, respectively, p < .05). Moreover, in a logistic regression analysis, a lower GP value was independently associated with the presence of macrovascular complications. Lipidomic analysis showed a clear shift of LGP membranes towards a pro‐inflammatory condition due to higher content of arachidonic acid and increased omega 6/omega 3 index.ConclusionsIncreased membrane fluidity is associated with a higher CV risk in subjects with T2D. If confirmed in prospective studies, membrane fluidity could be a new biomarker for residual CV risk assessment in T2D.
In vitro field study and worldwide survey assessing how clinical haemostasis laboratories analyse recombinant and plasma‐derived von Willebrand factor products
Authors: Turecek Peter L. , Ilk Reinhard , Gritsch Herbert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionSeveral well‐established clinical laboratory methods are available to measure von Willebrand factor (VWF) in plasma samples, but few data are available on their use for analysing recombinant VWF (rVWF).AimTo evaluate how clinical diagnostic laboratories analyse rVWF and plasma‐derived VWF (pdVWF) spiked in vitro into VWF‐deficient plasma using quantitative protein and functional assays of VWF.MethodsHuman VWF‐deficient plasma samples were spiked with rVWF (vonicog alfa; Takeda) or pdVWF/factor VIII (pdVWF/FVIII; antihemophilic factor/VWF complex [human], CSL Behring), each at final concentrations of 1.0, 0.6, 0.2, 0.1 IU/mL VWF:ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) according to labelled VWF activity. The ISTH SSC secondary coagulation standard was used as a control. Participating laboratories received three sets of these blinded aliquots. Mean results per assay were compared with the expected potency based on the labelled VWF:RCo activity.ResultsAmong 39 laboratories, the most commonly established assay was VWF:RCo; 22 laboratories reported data from 2214 tests. Despite a trend to lower values, VWF:RCo activities for rVWF were in agreement with target concentrations (71%–109%), whereas VWF:platelet glycoprotein Ib (VWF:GpIb) and VWF collagen‐binding activity (VWF:CB) assays gave high recoveries (up to 132% and 127%, respectively). In contrast, pdVWF/FVIII was substantially underestimated by VWF:GpIb and VWF:CB assays (56%–86% recoveries), whereas the VWF:RCo assay gave recoveries of 47%–112% for pdVWF/FVIII.ConclusionThe results of VWF assays used in clinical laboratories differ between rVWF and pdVWF, particularly for VWF:GpIb and VWF:CB assays. These differences may arise from the higher multimeric structure of rVWF compared to pdVWF.