bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inner workings of anger: A network analysis of anger and emotion regulation
Authors: Larsson Johannes , Bjureberg Johan , Zhao Xiang , Hesser Hugo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the interrelations between emotion regulation strategies and different types of anger using network analysis.MethodData were drawn from a cross‐sectional sample of 538 adults (55% females; mean age = 39.8 years, SD = 12.3) seeking treatment for anger. Data were collected between March and November 2019 in Sweden. Participants completed measures of anger problems (anger expression, anger suppression, angry reactions, anger rumination, trait anger, hostility, physical aggression, and verbal aggression) and emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, anger relaxation, and five mindfulness strategies). To determine whether distinct clusters of anger nodes would emerge, exploratory graph analysis was employed. Based on clustering of nodes, we estimated separate networks including all measures of emotion regulation.ResultsTwo clusters emerged: one consisting primarily of cognitive components of anger, and another of behavioral. Across networks, anger nodes were strongly interconnected, and anger rumination and anger suppression were especially influential. Several direct links were found between specific emotion regulation strategies and cognitive components of anger, whereas most strategies were only indirectly related to angry behavior. Cognitive reappraisal showed no direct link with any of the anger nodes.ConclusionsOur findings reveal potential pathways by which different emotion regulation strategies may influence different types of anger, which could serve as therapeutic targets.
Luminescent reporter cells enable the identification of broad‐spectrum antivirals against emerging viruses
Authors: Löw Karin , Möller Rebecca , Stegmann Cora , Becker Miriam , Rehburg Laura , Obernolte Helena , Schaudien Dirk , Oestereich Lisa , Braun Armin , Kunz Stefan , Gerold Gisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe emerging viruses SARS‐CoV‐2 and arenaviruses cause severe respiratory and hemorrhagic diseases, respectively. The production of infectious particles of both viruses and virus spread in tissues requires cleavage of surface glycoproteins (GPs) by host proprotein convertases (PCs). SARS‐CoV‐2 and arenaviruses rely on GP cleavage by PCs furin and subtilisin kexin isozyme‐1/site‐1 protease (SKI‐1/S1P), respectively. We report improved luciferase‐based reporter cell lines, named luminescent inducible proprotein convertase reporter cells that we employ to monitor PC activity in its authentic subcellular compartment. Using these sensor lines we screened a small compound library in high‐throughput manner. We identified 23 FDA‐approved small molecules, among them monensin which displayed broad activity against furin and SKI‐1/S1P. Monensin inhibited arenaviruses and SARS‐CoV‐2 in a dose‐dependent manner. We observed a strong reduction in infectious particle release upon monensin treatment with little effect on released genome copies. This was reflected by inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike processing suggesting the release of immature particles. In a proof of concept experiment using human precision cut lung slices, monensin potently inhibited SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, evidenced by reduced infectious particle release. We propose that our PC sensor pipeline is a suitable tool to identify broad‐spectrum antivirals with therapeutic potential to combat current and future emerging viruses.
Clinical Behavior of the Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Larynx—A Scoping Review
Authors: Poutoglidis Alexandros , Forozidou Evropi , Fyrmpas Georgios , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Chrysanthou Chrysanthos , Galanis Nektarios , Paraskevas George , Savvakis Stavros , Karamitsou Paraskevi 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveMucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the larynx account for less than 1% of all laryngeal tumors. The unique features and clinical behavior of these rare entities remain unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed a scoping review of every reported case of laryngeal MEC to study the clinical behavior and the treatment modalities in this rare entity.Review MethodsWe followed the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) statement.Data SourcesMedLine, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases were searched to identify eligible studies.ResultsWe concluded with 25 studies and overall 66 cases. Our study revealed that the average age of cases was 55.7 years, and the range was from 12 to 81 years, with younger onset in females. Supraglottic (60%) is the most common subsite of laryngeal MEC s followed by glottis (27.3%). Supraglottic carcinomas frequently present with metastatic neck disease at the time of the initial diagnosis and require more extensive surgical approaches. Surgery with negative surgical margins seems to be the cornerstone in the treatment of MEC. Radiation therapy has not been tested widely as monotherapy but is considered a useful adjuvant modality.ConclusionThis study suggests that negative surgical margins seem to be associated to higher disease control rate and that high‐grade supraglottic cases likely benefit from addressing neck disease simultaneously.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:2578–2584, 2024
Theoretical studies on the local structure and spin Hamiltonian parameters for Cu2+ ions in LiTaO3 crystal
Authors: Chen Yun , Tang Lu , Cai Houdao , Zhang Meiyun , Wang Xunjie , Feng Cuidi , Xiao Wenbo , Zhang Huaming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe local structure and spin Hamiltonian parameters (SHPs) g factors (gx, gy, gz) and the hyperfine structure constants (Ax, Ay, Az) for Cu2+ doped in the LiTaO3 crystal are theoretically investigated by the perturbation formulas for a 3d9 ion under rhombically elongated octahedral based on the cluster approach. The impurity Cu2+ was assumed to occupy the host trigonally‐distorted octahedral Li+ site and experience the Jahn–Teller (JT) distortion from the host trigonal octahedral [TaO6]10− to the impurity rhombically elongated octahedral [CuO6]10−. Based on the calculations, the impurity‐ligand bond lengths parallel and perpendicular to the C2‐axis are found to be R||(≈ 2.305 Å) and R⊥ (≈ 2.112 Å) for the studied [CuO6]10− cluster, with the planar bond angle θ (≈ 78.2°). Meanwhile, the ground‐state wave function for Cu2+ center in LiTaO3 was also obtained. The calculated SHPs based on the above local lattice distortions agree well with the experimental data, and the results are discussed.
Simple prenatal imaging predictors for postnatal cerebrospinal fluid diversion surgery in fetuses undergoing in utero surgery for spina bifida
Authors: Kunpalin Yada , Sichitiu Joanna , Krishnan Pradeep , Blaser Susan , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Abbasi Nimrah , Ryan Greg , Shinar Shiri , van Mieghem Tim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine simple prenatal imaging parameters that can easily be acquired to predict the need for postnatal CSF diversion (PCD) surgery in fetuses undergoing open fetal surgery for open spina bifida (OSB).MethodsAll fetuses with OSB that underwent open fetal surgery between June 2017 and June 2021 with available follow‐up outcomes were included. Imaging parameters including clivus‐supraocciput angle (CSA) on magnetic resonance imaging, transcerebellar diameter (TCD) and lateral ventricle size (Vp) on ultrasound (US), were collected pre‐ and postoperatively. The requirement for PCD surgery was determined at 1 year of age. The predictive strength of each parameter was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis.ResultsAmong 36 babies eligible for the analyses, 41.7% required PCD by one year of age. Pre‐operative Vp (AUC 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.88; p = 0.03), TCD (AUC 0.72; 95% CI 0.55–0.89; p = 0.02) and CSA (AUC 0.72; 95% CI 0.51–0.93; p = 0.04) were fair predictors for PCD surgery. After fetal surgery, TCD (AUC 0.93; 95% CI 0.83–1.00; p < 0.0001) and CSA (AUC 0.94; 95% CI 0.83–1.00; p = 0.0005) were outstanding predictors of PCD, whereas post‐operative Vp was a fair predictor (AUC 0.71, 95% CI 0.54–0.88, p = 0.03).ConclusionPost‐operative CSA and TCD were outstanding predictors for the need for PCD surgery.
Preliminary development and validation of the positive school transition readiness survey (PSTRS)
Authors: Bharara Gazal , Duncan Scott 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe transition to secondary school can be a challenging period for adolescents. Although several questionnaires exist to measure transition‐related concerns, there is a need to develop a comprehensive survey for assessing the knowledge and skills that adolescents require to adapt effectively to a new school. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of a preliminary self‐report tool (PSTRS) for identifying the presence or absence of factors that facilitate transition to secondary school and are important for adolescent understanding of well‐being. The PSTRS was developed in a series of stages that involved a systematic review of the school transition literature, a review of psychometric scales, empirical data of adolescents' well‐being conceptualizations, expert reviews, and a pilot study. Seventy‐one items were compiled to collect information on 20 school, social, physical, psychological, and spiritual components. Cronbach's alpha for the survey was 0.943 in a sample of Year 8 NZ intermediate school students (N = 471). Test–retest reliability was 0.866 in a subsample of 121 participants. Single‐measures ICCs of subscales ranged from 0.501 to 0.943. The PC analysis resulted in a three‐component factor structure. The PSTRS and its subscales positively correlated with well‐being and negatively correlated with anxiety. Overall, PSTRS appears to be a reliable and valid tool for determining adolescent readiness to transition to secondary school. PSTRS data may be useful for researchers, school professionals, psychologists, and policymakers to better understand positive school transitions. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Diagnostic yield of endobronchial ultrasound and virtual CT navigational bronchoscopy for biopsy of pulmonary nodules, mediastinal lymph nodes, and thoracic tumors in children
Authors: Corcoran Aoife , Franklin Stephen , Hysinger Erik , Goldfarb Samuel , Phinizy Pelton , Pogoriler Jennifer , Tran Sin , DiBardino David M. , Haas Andrew R. , Piccione Joseph C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveEndobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial biopsy and needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBB/EBUS‐TBNA) are first line investigative modalities for lung and mediastinal pathology in adults. We aimed to characterize and assess the diagnostic yield of EBUS and virtual CT navigation guided biopsies in children.Study DesignThis single center, retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent radial or linear EBUS procedures (+/− CT navigation) for biopsy of mediastinal lymph nodes, tumors, and pulmonary nodules. Demographic, procedural, and outcome were collected.ResultsSixty procedures were performed in 56 patients aged 2–22 years of age between January 2015 and May 2023. The most common indications for biopsy were pulmonary nodules (45%) and hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy (33%). For cases in which a final diagnosis was ascertained by any means, the diagnostic yield for linear EBUS (mediastinal pathology) was 76% and the diagnostic yield from radial EBUS (pulmonary nodules and lung masses) was 85%. The most common diagnoses were infection (45%), malignancy (17%), and sarcoidosis (11%). Among patients in whom infection was the final diagnosis, a total of 31 pathogens were identified. Eighteen were identified on bronchoalveolar lavage and an additional 14 pathogens identified on EBUS‐TBB, representing an increase of 77% (p < .005). The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values for malignancy detection were 73%, 100%, 94%, and 100%, respectively.ConclusionEBUS‐TBB/TBNA is a safe and effective way to diagnose lung and mediastinal pathology in children. Pediatric interventional pulmonology is a growing field offering minimally‐invasive diagnostic opportunities for children in whom more invasive procedures were previously the only option.
Scalar propagator in a background gluon field beyond the eikonal approximation
Authors: Agostini Pedro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We investigate the path integral representation of the scalar propagator in a background gluon field, extending beyond the eikonal approximation by considering all gauge field components and incorporating its x− dependence. Utilizing the worldline formalism, we integrate the Schwinger proper time to express the scalar propagator in light-cone coordinates, facilitating a direct comparison with known results in the literature. The derived propagator captures the change of longitudinal momentum of the projectile within the medium. In the high-energy limit, our result simplifies to the effective gluon propagator employed in the BDMPS-Z formalism. Hence, we propose that our outcome serves as a foundational point for investigating corrections to the BDMPS-Z spectrum arising from the longitudinal momentum transfer of the radiated gluon with the medium, as well as for studying collisional energy loss phenomena. Lastly, by employing an expansion around the classical saddle point solution, we systematically derive an eikonal expansion in inverse powers of the boost parameter, encompassing corrections related to longitudinal momentum transfer and interactions of the projectile with the transverse component of the field.
Simplifying (super-)BMS algebras
Authors: Fuentealba Oscar , Henneaux Marc 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We show that the non-linear BMS5 symmetry algebra of asymptotically flat Einstein gravity in five dimensions, as well as the super-BMS4 superalgebra of asymptotically flat supergravity, can be redefined so as to take a direct sum structure. In the new presentation of the (super-)algebra, angle-dependent translations and angle-dependent supersymmetry transformations commute with the (super-)Poincaré generators. We also explain in detail the structure and charge-integrability of asymptotic symmetries with symmetry parameters depending on the fields (through the charges themselves), a topic relevant for nonlinear asymptotic symmetry algebras.
Enterobacteriaceae counts influenced by different scalding techniques in broiler processing
Authors: Langkabel Nina , Freter Sabrina , Merle Roswitha , Ellerbroek Lüppo , Meemken Diana , Fries Reinhard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the highly automated processing in broiler abattoirs, some process steps reduce the bacterial counts and inactivate or remove pathogens, while others can lead to an increase. The present study compared the reduction of Enterobacteriaceae counts (EBCs) on breast skin samples in 3 broiler abattoirs using different scalding techniques: (A) conventional immersion scalding (360 s), (B) conventional immersion scalding with thermal treatment of the water (204 s), and (C) the AeroScalder® using hot, humid, saturated air as the scalding medium (360 s in air). In 3 commercial broiler abattoirs in Germany and The Netherlands, a total of 320 breast skin samples per abattoir (before and after scalding, after plucking, before and after chilling) and water samples from the scalders were taken and examined for EBC. After scalding, a significant EBC reduction by 0.7 log was determined only for the conventional immersion scalder (Abbatoir A); the reductions of the other 2 scalders were 0.1 log (Abattoir B) and 0.2 log (Abattoir C) and not statistically significant. The EBCs after scalding differed by up to 0.5 log cfu/g when the 3 scalders were compared, and these counts can be seen as similar. For all 3 abattoirs, the largest EBC reductions (p < 0.001) of 2.8 to 3.6 logs were found after plucking. Compared to the immersion scalders, EBCs in water samples were lowest in those taken from the AeroScalder®. Hence, we conclude that the conventional immersion scalders and the AeroScalder® reduced EBCs in a comparable manner. However, the greatest reductions in EBCs were seen after the plucking steps in the studied abattoirs, not after the scalding as such.
Diabetes and artificial intelligence beyond the closed loop: a review of the landscape, promise and challenges
Authors: Mackenzie Scott C. , Sainsbury Chris A. R. , Wake Deborah J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe discourse amongst diabetes specialists and academics regarding technology and artificial intelligence (AI) typically centres around the 10% of people with diabetes who have type 1 diabetes, focusing on glucose sensors, insulin pumps and, increasingly, closed-loop systems. This focus is reflected in conference topics, strategy documents, technology appraisals and funding streams. What is often overlooked is the wider application of data and AI, as demonstrated through published literature and emerging marketplace products, that offers promising avenues for enhanced clinical care, health-service efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This review provides an overview of AI techniques and explores the use and potential of AI and data-driven systems in a broad context, covering all diabetes types, encompassing: (1) patient education and self-management; (2) clinical decision support systems and predictive analytics, including diagnostic support, treatment and screening advice, complications prediction; and (3) the use of multimodal data, such as imaging or genetic data. The review provides a perspective on how data- and AI-driven systems could transform diabetes care in the coming years and how they could be integrated into daily clinical practice. We discuss evidence for benefits and potential harms, and consider existing barriers to scalable adoption, including challenges related to data availability and exchange, health inequality, clinician hesitancy and regulation. Stakeholders, including clinicians, academics, commissioners, policymakers and those with lived experience, must proactively collaborate to realise the potential benefits that AI-supported diabetes care could bring, whilst mitigating risk and navigating the challenges along the way.
Graphical Abstract
Arthroscopic Latarjet yields better union and prevention of instability compared to arthroscopic bony Bankart repair in shoulders with recurrent anterior instability: a systematic review
Authors: Billaud Anselme , Baverel Laurent ,   ReSurg, van Rooij Floris ,   SoFEC, Metais Pierre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether arthroscopic Latarjet procedure or arthroscopic bony Bankart repair provide better outcomes in terms of rates of recurrent instability, non‐union and complications, as well as clinical scores and range of motion.MethodsAn electronic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase®, and Cochrane databases, applying the following keywords: “Arthroscopic bony Bankart” OR “Arthroscopic osseous Bankart” AND “Arthroscopic Latarjet” OR “Arthroscopic coracoid bone block”.ResultsThe systematic search returned 1465 records, of which 29 were included (arthroscopic bony Bankart repair, n = 16; arthroscopic Latarjet, n = 13). 37 datasets were included for data extraction, on 1483 shoulders. Compared to arthroscopic Latarjet, arthroscopic bony Bankart repair had significantly higher instability rates (0.14; CI 0.10–0.18; vs 0.04; CI 0.02–0.06), significantly lower union rates (0.63; CI 0.28–0.91 vs 0.98; CI 0.93–1.00), and significantly lower pain on VAS (0.42; CI 0.17–0.67 vs 1.17; CI 0.96–1.38). There were no significant differences in preoperative glenoid bone loss, follow‐up, complication rate, ROWE score, ASES score, external rotation, and anterior forward elevation between arthroscopic Latarjet and arthroscopic bony Bankart repair.ConclusionCompared to arthroscopic Latarjet, arthroscopic bony Bankart repair results in significantly (i) higher rates of recurrent instability (14% vs 4%), (ii) lower union rates (63% vs 98%), but (iii) slightly lower pain on VAS (0.45 vs 1.17). There were no differences in complication rates, clinical scores, or postoperative ranges of motion.Level of evidenceIV.
Quantitative data of up to thirty sterols in vegetable oils and fats
Authors: Schlag Sarah , Vetter Walter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSterols are known for a plethora of 250 different structures. Between 5 and 10% of them usually occur with varying abundance ratios (~ four orders of magnitude) and total amounts (0.4–1000 mg/100 g oil) in samples. Yet, quantitative data are mostly restricted to the few major sterols which are available as reference standards. Here, we developed a gas chromatography with mass spectrometry method operated in selected ion monitoring mode (GC/MS-SIM) that enabled the quantitation of 30 (silylated) sterols although only ten were available as reference standards. This could be obtained by studying the full-scan mass spectra of these ten sterol standards and 20 additional sterols measured in seven oils. In the next step, sterols were assigned to different groups. Values for quantification were then selected on the premise that response factors were constant within a sterol group. The deviation of the response factors within one sterol group was frequently below ± 10% and otherwise about ± 11–12%. Using mean response factors for all sterols, the novel GC/MS-SIM quantification method was superior to GC/FID which was exemplarily applied to two oils. Between eight and 21 of the 30 studied sterols and pentacyclic triterpenols were detected and quantified in 18 vegetable oils and two vegetable fats. The much higher number of sterols that could be quantified resulted in higher sterol amounts and the method and data may be useful for food authentication.
Feminization of a mixed-stock foraging aggregation of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas), 1975–2018
Authors: Meylan Anne B. , Brost Beth , Conrad Liza J. , Denison Steven H. , Flaherty Denise B. , Gray Jennifer A. , Hardy Robert F. , Meylan Peter A. , Schwenter Jeffrey A. , Tornwall Brett , Owens David W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMarine turtles exhibit temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), and there is widespread concern that global warming is raising nest incubation temperatures, resulting in increasingly female-skewed sex ratios in “feminized” populations. We assessed the sex ratio of a mixed-stock aggregation of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) at a midocean developmental foraging ground in the Northwest Atlantic from 1975 to 2018. We used plasma testosterone concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and calibrated by laparoscopy, to determine the sex of 2,724 green turtles captured 3,940 times in Bermuda (32°18′ N, 64°46′ W) waters. A logistic regression model correctly predicted the sex of 99.5% of turtles (189/190) with associated testosterone concentrations whose sex had been verified via laparoscopy. Empirical evaluation of the trend in sex ratio using four related data sets showed a significant increase (2.8–4.0% yr−1) in the sex ratio (F/M) over the course of the study. Using growth rates to predict the year of arrival of turtles in Bermuda, we estimated the sex ratio of recruiting cohorts over 4 decades. Mixed-stock analysis of mtDNA sequences of 602 turtles that recruited to Bermuda between 1970 and 2018 suggested that multiple, geographically dispersed rookeries contributed to the Bermuda aggregation making it regionally representative. Changes in rookery contributions and strong population increases at certain rookeries may partly explain the increasing trend in the sex ratio. But the steady rate of increase over decades and the increasing female percentage of arriving cohorts are consistent with impacts of global warming at source rookeries.