bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real Time Route Adjustment of a UAV Based on Dust Measurement with an Onboard Sensor
Authors: Martinez Roberto , Morales Alejandro 
Published: January 2024

This research is driven by a pressing requirement to improve the effectiveness and safety of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operations, specifically in atmospheric particle sensing. Airborne particulates present a substantial health hazard, leading to an increasing demand for inventive solutions capable of autonomously guiding UAVs along optimal routes, steering clear of regions with heightened dust concentrations. This research aims to address this challenge by developing a sophisticated approach that integrates atmospheric particle sensors with UAV flight control systems. The approach outlined in this study relies on atmospheric sensors mounted on a UAV to measure dust levels in a specified region. The UAV, following a predetermined route over the area, detects dust pollution. It dynamically adjusts its route based on the observed dust levels, avoiding areas with high concentrations of dust. This adaptive route determination aims to identify safe paths, avoiding regions with elevated dust levels that may pose risks to human health. The flight strategy and area-scanning methodology tailored for this objective are established, enabling the UAV to execute the assigned task. The ultimate goal is to create a system that not only minimizes energy consumption but also prioritizes human health by autonomously redirecting the UAV away from potentially harmful dust levels. The real-time monitoring and telemetry data feedback mechanisms further contribute to the advancement of UAV technology for environmental sensing and risk mitigation. Additionally, the integration of the laser-based dust sensor, i.e., Gp2y10, with the ArduPilot autopilot flight computer ensures seamless coordination, with the UAV adjusting its flight path based on the sensor's output.

Received: 7 September 2023 | Revised: 24 November 2023 | Accepted: 8 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
How GNNs Can Be Used in the Vehicle Industry
Authors: Granado Felipe Macías , Alkhaled Lama 
Published: January 2024

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have garnered substantial interest across different fields, including the automotive sector, owing to their adeptness in comprehending and managing data characterized by intricate connections and arrangements. Within the automotive realm, GNNs can be harnessed in diverse capacities to elevate effectiveness, safety, and overall operational excellence. This study is centered on the assessment of various Graph Neural Network (GNN) models and their potential performance within the automotive sector, utilizing widely recognized datasets. The objective of the study was to raise awareness among researchers and developers working on vehicle intelligence systems (VIS) about the potential benefits of utilizing Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). This could offer solutions to various challenges in this field, including comprehending complex scenes, managing diverse data from multiple sources, adapting to dynamic situations, and more. The research explores three distinct GNN models named ViG, Point-GNN, and Few-shot GNN. These models were evaluated using datasets such as KITTI, Mini Imagenet, and ILSVRC.

Received: 18 August 2023 | Revised: 23 November 2023 | Accepted: 5 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Felipe Macías Granado: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Visualization. Lama Alkhaled: Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
Tourism Impact on the Cultural Heritage of Countries in the Middle East
Authors: Ahmed Nadia 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the tourism impact on cultural heritage of countries in the Middle East.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the tourism impact on cultural heritage of countries in the Middle East. Preliminary empirical review revealed that tourism has both positive and negative effects on the region's cultural heritage. While it significantly contributes to the economy and fosters cultural exchange, it also poses challenges such as overcrowding and cultural commodification. The study emphasizes the importance of sustainable tourism practices and responsible heritage management. Cultural ecology, cultural conservation, and dependency theories provided valuable frameworks for understanding this complex relationship. The findings benefit policymakers, site managers, local communities, and the tourism industry by guiding the development of strategies that protect cultural heritage while harnessing tourism's economic potential, contributing to a more balanced approach to tourism development in the Middle East.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Cultural Ecology Theory, Cultural Conservation Theory and the Dependency Theory may be used to anchor future studies on cultural heritage. The study suggested a set of comprehensive recommendations. These recommendations emphasize the importance of heritage conservation and responsible tourism practices. They include the development of robust heritage management plans, enhanced visitor education, and community engagement. Encouraging tourism diversification, sustainable infrastructure development, and capacity building are also essential. Furthermore, the study highlights the significance of ongoing research, marketing strategies that promote cultural richness, and intergovernmental coordination. By implementing these measures, Middle Eastern countries can achieve a harmonious balance between cultural heritage preservation and the economic benefits of tourism, ensuring the long-term sustainability of both.
Variables Affecting 21st Century K-12 Students’ Mathematics Achievements: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ayeh Isaac Gyan 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to use a systematic review of factors affecting K-12 mathematics achievement in the 21st century using only peer-reviewed articles published from 2012 to 2022.
Methodology: A systematic literature review of factors affecting K-12 mathematics achievement in the 21st century using only peer-reviewed articles published from 2012 to 2022. The Boolean search approach was employed to gather articles from electronic research databases. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) were used to select a final of 65 articles for the study. A total of 33 axial codes were identified as specific factors from the systematic review conducted.
Findings: Analysis of the research questions showed a high percentage of the articles conducted in Europe, North America, and Asia, with fewer publications on other continents. The findings showed low published research articles in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. A final review of the 65 articles uncovered a total of 32 axial codes as the specific variables affecting K-12 students’ mathematics achievements. These axial codes include gender, socioeconomic status, teacher qualification, and class size.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice, and Policy: While many of these studies have found students, teachers, and schools-related variables as predicting or affecting students’ mathematics achievement, comprehensive research into the specific factors within the identified variables is less researched. This study will bridge this gap and contribute to the research and academic resources pool. Governments and other education stakeholders worldwide can use the findings from this study as a guide in making decisions and improving learners' academic standards.
COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION IN SMES: A TALE OF TWO ECONOMIES - THE UNITED STATES AND NIGERIA
Authors: Sarah Kuzankah Ewuga  , Zainab Efe Egieya  , Adedolapo Omotosho  , Abimbola Oluwatoyin Adegbite  
Published: January 2024

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly relying on technology integration to drive growth and competitiveness. This paper proposes a comparative review of how SMEs in two contrasting economies, the United States and Nigeria, are navigating the digital transformation journey. The core objective is to explore the dynamics, challenges, and prospects of technology adoption in these distinct economic contexts, offering valuable insights into the global patterns of SME digitalization. The United States, representing a developed and technologically advanced economy, presents a scenario where SMEs are leveraging cutting-edge technologies to enhance operational efficiency, market reach, and customer engagement. This review will explore the range of technologies being adopted, from cloud computing and AI-driven analytics to sophisticated e-commerce solutions. It will also delve into the challenges faced by US SMEs, such as cybersecurity threats and a competitive landscape dominated by tech giants. Furthermore, the review will assess the impact of supportive government policies and the digital skills landscape on SME technology integration. Contrastingly, in Nigeria, an emerging economy with distinct challenges and opportunities, SMEs are also embracing technology, albeit in different forms and scales. The review will examine the uptake of mobile technology, fintech, and digital platforms, particularly focusing on how these technologies enable Nigerian SMEs to overcome infrastructural limitations and access broader markets. Additionally, it will address the challenges unique to the Nigerian context, including erratic power supply, limited access to funding, and regulatory hurdles. The role of government initiatives in promoting technology adoption among Nigerian SMEs will also be a focal point. By drawing parallels and highlighting contrasts between these two economies, the paper aims to shed light on the multifaceted nature of SME technology integration. It will underscore how contextual factors like economic development, infrastructure, and policy environments shape the technology adoption pathways for SMEs. The review will also prognosticate future trends, identifying potential technological innovations that could revolutionize SME operations in both developed and developing economies. This comparative review is pivotal in understanding the global digital SME landscape. It offers practical insights for policymakers, business leaders, and technology developers, guiding them in creating tailored strategies and solutions that foster SME growth and resilience in an increasingly digital world.
Keywords: Technology, SMEs, USA, Nigeria, Technology Integration, Digital Landscape, Economy.
A REVIEW OF ADVANCED ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES IN US ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
Authors: Beryl Odonkor  , Simon Kaggwa  , Prisca Ugomma Uwaoma  , Azeez Olanipekun Hassan  , Oluwatoyin Ajoke Farayola  
Published: January 2024

This research paper explores the transformative impact of advanced accounting techniques on US economic resilience. Analyzing trends, challenges, and future trajectories, the paper delves into integrating cutting-edge technologies, including artificial intelligence and blockchain. The regulatory framework's role in shaping accounting practices and the emerging focus on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting are discussed. While highlighting the promises of enhanced decision-making and transparency, the paper acknowledges challenges like data privacy concerns. Conclusively, the research underscores the pivotal role advanced accounting plays in fortifying economic resilience, providing insights for businesses navigating a dynamic and interconnected global financial landscape.
Keywords: Advanced Accounting, Economic Resilience, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain Technology, Regulatory Framework, ESG Reporting.
INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ACCOUNTING: A QUANTITATIVE ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE FOR THE FUTURE OF U.S. FINANCIAL MARKETS
Authors: Beryl Odonkor  , Simon Kaggwa  , Prisca Ugomma Uwaoma  , Azeez Olanipekun Hassan  , Oluwatoyin Ajoke Farayola  
Published: January 2024

In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, this study meticulously explores the transformative integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in accounting, focusing on its implications for the future of U.S. financial markets. The advent of AI in accounting signifies a paradigm shift, transcending traditional methodologies and introducing a new era of efficiency and strategic analysis. This evolution is pivotal in reshaping accounting practices and influencing the broader economic fabric of the U.S. financial markets.
The primary aim of this paper is to dissect and understand the multifaceted integration of AI in accounting, assessing its impact, challenges, and future prospects. The study offers a detailed analysis that bridges the gap between technological innovation and practical accounting applications. It thoroughly examines AI's role in revolutionizing accounting practices, its economic significance in the U.S. financial markets, and the dual nature of opportunities and challenges it presents. The study extends to propose strategic recommendations for effectively harnessing AI in accounting. The study concludes that AI's integration in accounting is a significant evolutionary step, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making capabilities. However, it also brings forth challenges such as skill adaptation and ethical considerations. Recommendations include a proactive approach in educational reform, policy development, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to effectively navigate AI's complexities in accounting. This paper serves as a seminal work, providing a classical yet engaging narrative on AI's role in reshaping accounting practices and its broader economic implications, setting a foundation for future explorations and strategic implementations
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting Practices, U.S. Financial Markets, Technological Innovation, Economic Significance, Strategic Analysis.
Assessing the Vulnerabilities of Bioterrorism: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Qamar Bushra , Irfan Adeel , Javed Iqbal  
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the vulnerabilities and challenges exacerbated by bioterrorism empirically. Terrorists, organizations, and individuals deliberately use biological weapons to kill humans, animals, and plants. According to experts, the threats are multifaceted and have intensified in the modern world, such as 5th generation warfare and health crises. The study is exploratory, employing a qualitative approach to explore the literature, policy documents, and reports released by international and national organizations. In addition, the study integrates the most recent papers published during COVID-19 to investigate the difficulties and potential of bioterrorism. The findings provide a thorough understanding of the expected dangers of bioterrorism, such as threats of theft and attack, threats to utilize biological weapons, which are cost-effective, by terrorist groups, anarchic proliferation across the globe, biological agent manipulation, and so on. During the pandemic COVID-19, several countries, including Pakistan, experienced these risks. Given all of the looming concerns stated above, precautionary actions should be implemented to avoid these threats in the event of a new international bioterror strike in the future.
Determinan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Dana Desa Di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Suardyana Luh Kalpika Jyunda A. , Rana Prasta I Putu Agus , Merawati Luh Komang , Endiana I Dewa Made , Sunarsih Ni Made 
Published: January 2024

Increasing village fund allocation requires accountability in village fund management. This study aims to examine the internal characteristics of village fund managers, namely the competence of village government officials and organizational commitment as well as the Â internal control system and public participation in managing the village fund. The population of this study included village apparatus and BPD in 27 villages of Denpasar city. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression.The results show that competence of village government officials, organizational commitment, and public participation do not affect village fund management accountability, while the internal control system is found to have a positive effect significantly.Â
PENERAPAN MEDIA KARTU GAMBAR HIJAIYAH DALAM MENGENALKAN HURUF HIJAIYAH PADA ANAK DI TPQ AN NOUR AL ISLAMY KESUGIHAN
Authors: Kharisma Fauziah  
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini terkait dengan penerapan kartu bergambar huruf hijaiyah sebagai media untuk menunjang kemampuan anak dalam membaca huruf hijaiyah secara baik sehingga anak dapat dengan mudah membaca Al-Qur’an. Dengan fenomena kejadian yang sedang terjadi di TPQ An-Nour Al-Islamy ada sebagian anak yang masih kurang lancar dalam mengenal dan melafalkan huruf hijaiyah. Pada penelitian ini 5 anak yang menjadi sample. Yang mana 3 anak laki-laki dan 2 anak perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualititif dengan pendekatan penelitian tindakan kelas. Data diperoleh menggunakan tekhnik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Dan keabsahan data di cek melalui triangulasi data. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan dua siklus. Dikarenakan pada siklus pertama anak belum mencapai kriteria yaitu anak dapat mengurutkan huruf hijaiyah, membedakan huruf hijaiyah dan melafadzan huruf hijaiyah secara benar. Sehingga peneliti mengadakan siklus ke 2 yang aman di harapkan anak dapat mencapai tingkat kriteria yang di tentukan. Dan kesimpulan yang di dapat meskipun belum sepenuhnya 100 persen berhasil setidaknya anak sudah mengalami peningkatan.
واقع الإعلان الرقمي في عصر استراتيجيات التسويق الإلكتروني.. الفرص والتحديات
Authors: مختار ساطور محمد 
Published: January 2024

يقوم الإعلان الرقمي بدور هام في عصر الاندماج مع التسويق الإلكتروني، نظرا للتطور التكنولوجي الهائل الذي يعيشه العالم الآن، الذي انعكس بالنجاح على مؤسسات الأعمال المختلفة. هذا البحث يدرس الإعلان الرقمي في العصر الحالي، من أجل التعرف على الواقع الإعلاني الذي نعيشه الآن، حيث إنه حدث تحول كبير في أنواع المنصات المستخدمة، وتغيرت أنواع الإعلانات، كما إن التسويق الإلكتروني أصبح يحظى بالاهتمام الأكبر من قبل المعلنين، وظهرت استراتيجيات تسويقية جديدة لم تكن معروفة من قبل، في الدراسة، تم التعرض لأنواع المنصات الإعلانية الرقمية الخاصة به، والأنواع المختلفة للإعلانات الرقمية على شبكة الإنترنت، والتسويق الإلكتروني، والتخطيط الاستراتيجي له، وأنواع الاستراتيجيات التسويقية الإلكترونية، والمزيج التسويقي، وآثار التسويق الإلكتروني على مكوناته، وكذلك الفرص والتحديات. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن عالم الإعلان والتسويق حاليا ومستقبلا هو عالم الفضاء الرقمي الإلكتروني، وأن الرسائل الإعلانية أصبحت عالمية تناسب وتنسجم مع شعوب العالم المختلفة. كما أن الإعلان الرقمي والاستراتيجيات التسويقية لهم أنواع كثيرة، مما يجعلها قادرة على الوصول والتأثير على الجمهور بشكل كبير وفعال ومؤثر. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة استخدام رواد الأعمال للإعلانات الرقمية والتسويق الإلكتروني للترويج لأعمالهم التجارية الصغيرة، وأهمية تحول مؤسسات الأعمال الحكومية والخاصة إلى استخدام الإعلان الرقمي، والتسويق الإلكتروني.
الكلمات المفتاحية: الإعلان الرقمي؛ المنصات؛ استراتيجيات؛ التسويق الإلكتروني؛ المزيج التسويقي.
The urgency of an early warning system for social conflict by using WhatsApp
Authors: Rochana Erna , Ikram  , Raidar Usman , Sari Yuni Ratna , Fahmi Teuku , Susilawati  , Muhammad Ulul Azmi 
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study is to use integrated information technology to demonstrate the importance of the Early Warning System (EWS) for social conflicts that involve public participation. This study used a mixed-methods approach. A total of 267 respondents were involved. Data were collected using a questionnaire covering household socio-demographic characteristics, smartphone use, religious tolerance, inter-ethnic tolerance, social cohesion, social capital and participation in conflict prevention. The Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out in four villages involving 12 people. The majority of respondents in this survey fall into the medium and high category when it comes to the respondents' inclination in the five variables: smartphone use, social capital, inter-ethnic tolerance, religious tolerance and social cohesion. It was found that participation in conflict prevention in society is in a low category. Enhancing public engagement in conflict prevention needs the immediate implementation of EWS for social conflict early detection through public involvement. The Android application particularly WhatsApp group can be used to create EWS at the village level at a low cost. Village leaders who serve to assess the village's vulnerability level can be involved in this process. Finally, all stakeholders can use the study's findings as a basis for developing policies related to the use of WhatsApp to reduce disputes in places susceptible to conflict.
Validation of cyber security behaviour among adolescents at Malaysia university: Revisiting gender as a role
Authors: Ting Tin Tin , Cheah Kar Man , Khiew Jie Xin , Lee Yung Chin , Chaw Jun Kit , Teoh Chong Keat 
Published: January 2024

Cyber-attacks and crimes are still a problem in Malaysia. COVID-19 has pushed Malaysians into the digital world more quickly. These cyberattacks may rise and affect more people. Thus, the aim of this study is to find out if there is a significant difference in the level of cyber security behaviour between males and females in the aspects of malware, password usage, phishing, social engineering and online scamming in Malaysia. An online questionnaire survey was used to gather data from Malaysia and received 207 total responses. Cronbach's alpha is used to measure questionnaire items' reliability. A t-test is used to determine the differences between male and female cyber security behaviour. The results show that there is no significant difference between males and females in four aspects out of five, which are malware, password usage, phishing and social engineering. There is a significant difference between males and females in the aspect of online scams. This research helps those who formulate education policies by determining that there is no noticeable gender difference. Men should get the same level of education and training as women. The findings also demonstrate that women's awareness of technology is increasing.