bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Mental Health Support Chatbots in India: Challenges and Insights
Authors: Halder Susmita 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chatbots represent a new perspective in mental health support. The increased use of technology has become a preferred medium for providing mental health services, making it easier to reach a larger population. However, in India, the use of chatbots for mental health support is still in its infancy. There are many reasons behind this. The purpose of this article is to explore and identify the challenges faced by mental health professionals in developing chatbots for mental health support and to examine their future potential.
Using Internet of Things for Child Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saeedbakhsh Saeed , Mohammadi Maryam , Younesi Sarina , Sattari Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
In smart cities, prioritizing child safety through affordable technology like the Internet of Things (IoT) is crucial for parents. This study seeks to investigate different IoT tools that can prevent and address accidents involving children. The goal is to alleviate the emotional and financial toll of such incidents due to their high mortality rates.

Methods:
This study considers articles published in English that use IoT for children’s healthcare. PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases are considered as searchable databases. 273 studies were retrieved after the initial search. After eliminating duplicate records, studies were assessed based on input and output criteria. Titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance. Articles not meeting criteria were excluded. Finally, 29 cases had the necessary criteria to enter this study.

Results:
The study reveals that India is at the forefront of IoT research for children, followed by Italy and China. Studies mainly occur indoors, utilizing wearable sensors like heart rate, motion, and tracking sensors. Biosignal sensors and technologies such as Zigbee and image recognition are commonly used for data collection and analysis. Diverse approaches, including cloud computing and machine vision, are applied in this innovative field.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, IoT for children is mainly seen in developed countries like India, Italy, and China. Studies focus on indoor use, using wearable sensors for heart rate monitoring. Biosignal sensors and various technologies like Zigbee, Kinect, image recognition, RFID, and robots contribute to enhancing children’s well-being.
Assessment of Awareness and Attitude Regarding Early Childhood Caries among Parents of Preschool Children Attending Pediatric Outpatient Department: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Deepak S. , Mishra Gaurav , Gupta Vinay Kumar , Kumar Sumit , Rajput Aman , Kanoujia Mohit Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a common chronic disease in young children, negatively impacting their health and development. The family environment, particularly parental knowledge, significantly influences children’s oral health. This study aims to evaluate ECC awareness and attitudes among parents of preschool children in Lucknow.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study with 400 participants was conducted using simple random sampling. Parents visiting the pediatrics department at a tertiary hospital in Lucknow were included. Data were collected through a self-structured questionnaire, validated through a pilot study (Cronbach’s α = 0.85, face validity 84%, content validity ratio 0.78). Awareness scores were analyzed using SPSS version 24, employing Chi-square, t-tests, ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression.

Results:
The sample consisted of 38.3% females and 61.8% males, with 35.5% from urban areas and 64.5% from rural areas. Awareness scores were higher in females (Mean = 8.65) than in males (Mean = 6.93) and higher in urban (Mean = 9.86) than rural areas (Mean = 6.45). Education level positively correlated with awareness (F = 10.797, P < 0.001), while income showed a complex relationship. Multivariate regression indicated that gender and education positively influenced awareness scores, whereas area and income had negative impacts, warranting further investigation.

Conclusion:
Parental awareness of ECC is significantly influenced by gender, education, and area. Educational interventions should target rural areas and parents with lower education levels to enhance oral health knowledge and practices.
Risk-factor Model Derivation and Validation for the Detection of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders among General Population of Towns in Pune District, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Thakkar Khushboo , Shetiya Sahana Hegde , Agarwal Dipti , Jadhav Sudhir L. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
India is one among the high burden countries for smokeless tobacco use. Hence, cancer burden is large, among which cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx are important public health problems. The mortality rates for these cancers are high and this burdens the health system. Screening the high risk population can avert this.

Aim:
The study aimed to develop and validate a risk factor model for detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) among the general population of a town in Pimpri Chinchwad Municipality, Pune.

Materials and Methods:
An analytical, cross-sectional study was planned and sociodemographic characteristics and oral examination of representative sample of 625 participants from general population was done through the systematic random sampling residing in Alandi for Phase 1 of the study. Phase 2 which was validation of the model was carried out at general population residing in Chakan. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the effect estimates of the potential risk factor on OPMD. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to produce a cutoff point considered as highest Youden’s index for the presence of OPMD. Each risk factor was scored and a total cutoff score was obtained above which screening for OPMD was indicated. Risk factor model validity was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.

Results:
Males in the age group of 46–60 years who belonged to low socioeconomic status and smoked ≥4 cigarettes/bidis per day, used smokeless tobacco >20 years and was slaked lime user and alcohol consumer with poor oral hygiene had higher odds of developing OPMD. ROC curve plotted produced a cutoff of 15 with a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 68.5% and was thus selected as the cutoff score for the risk factor model. On validation of the risk factor model, the sensitivity, specificity, and the negative predictive value of the model for the detection of OPMD was found to be good.

Conclusion:
The model is considered good for the early detection of OPMD in districts of Maharashtra and can be used is other states of India by validating the same.
Plant nomenclature as per traditional Siddha medicine: A comprehensive review
Authors: Shyamala Rajkumar , Vinayak Soman , Vijayakumar Venkataramanan , Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The nomenclature practices in traditional Siddha medicine (TSM) is a vast area that upholds the vibrant traditional and literary descent of the ancient Tamilians. Understanding the meaningful concepts of the nomenclature of ingredients opens a sphere of information about the historical significance, habitation, and morphological and therapeutic importance of the plant source. An attempt was made to review and document the origins of the nomenclature available in the plant Materia medica established in TSM. The review also throws light on the identification of drugs that are anonymous and concealed in many Tamil medical treatises.

Materials and Methods:
Various literature works of Siddha medicine were reviewed for understanding the origin of plant names in terms of its Moola peyar (root word or Basonym), Marapputhodarpeyarkal (vernacular names), and Mooligaipathabhedham (synonyms). The findings were correlated with present botanical nomenclature sources for establishing the methodology and rationale behind the naming practices of TSM.

Results:
In TSM, it has been observed that different Tamil names were derived, based on the terms of their availability (Vazhviyal - habitat), appearance, or through observation of the plant structure (Purathotram - external morphological characters), Niram (color), Manam (odor) and Suvai (taste), traditional attributes such as Veeriyam (potency), Thanmai (quality), and Maruthuvagunam (medicinal properties). The main purpose of the practice of designation was to indicate the authority and contributor of the plant knowledge, to identify the regions of its availability, to easily understand the period and place of collection, and to document its medicinal or specialties on health concern.

Conclusion:
Root word and synonyms of a particular plant contributed by Siddhars to TSM give valuable clues, especially in the identification of the drug or their utility. In plants with multiple names, each particular name is analyzed to obtain a short summary of the plant information.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards anaemia among adolescent school girls of Puducherry: a cross-sectional survey protocol
Authors: Rajkumar Shyamala , Gunalan Gayathri , Arumugam Rajendra Kumar , Annamalai Siva , Arivazhagan Archana , Parameswaran Sathiyarajeswaran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Anaemia poses a significant global public health challenge, especially affecting menstruating adolescent females, women during reproductive phases, and pediatric populations. The transitional period from childhood to adulthood is crucial, and anaemia during this phase can impede working ability, the cognitive function of the brain, and pubertal development, and more prone to infections. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12, are major contributors to anaemia, with inadequate nutrition accounting for over 60% of cases. In India, recent studies highlight the diverse types of anaemia among adolescents, and the Fifth National Family Health Survey indicates an alarming rise in anaemia prevalence in the population of Puducherry, emphasizing the need for this study. The study aims to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and health-seeking behavior regarding anaemia in adolescent school girls in Puducherry, India.

Materials and Methods:
A school-based observational cross-sectional survey will be done on adolescent school girls (15–19 years) in both government and private (urban and rural levels) high and higher secondary schools of the district of Puducherry. The sample size is determined to be 576. Data will be collected through a structured questionnaire, translated for accuracy, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software.

Discussion:
This cross-sectional study will give an idea about the KAP in adolescent school girls of Puducherry and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to address its consequences. The research aims to bridge knowledge gaps, inform policies, and contribute insights for targeted interventions, striving toward a future generation free from anaemia burdens.
Dietary food habits, Varmam, and Yogam for improvement in women’s fertility as per Siddha
Authors: Krishna Swamy Srivarshini , Ezhilarasan Muruga Radha Devi Priya Dharshini , Ayothiraman Suraganeswar , Kolappan Nalina Saraswathi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports say that the prevalence of infertility in India is between 3.9% and 16.8%. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences has estimated that 10% to 15% of couples in India have fertility issues. The traditional Siddha system of medicine cites in its literature on how a girl child can be a healthy fertile female right from her menarche through day-to-day activities and food habits. The primary objective of this study is to assess the relationship between lifestyle, obesity, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to identify medicinally valued foods that are easily available to common people, along with Varmam and Yogasanam practices that are helpful in maintaining a healthy female body. The secondary objective is to compare the Varmam points with the daily activities that stimulate these points naturally.

Materials and Methods:
Traditional Siddha texts like Gunapadam (Mooligai), Varmam, and Yogasanam were used as sources for gathering information on gynecological disorders such as PCOS, amenorrhea, menorrhagia, obesity, and anemia.

Results:
There are nearly 35 plant families that can be regularly used in our daily diet to enhance the physiological and biological health of women. Additionally, there are nearly 20 Varmam points from Dhasa Nadi and Chakras that stimulate the Vaasi for reproductive health. These Varmam points can be naturally stimulated by daily activities that are incorporated in our traditional customs. There are nearly 10 Yogasanas that stimulate our chakras and help reduce stress.

Conclusion:
This study provides a broad perspective on managing gynecological disorders influenced by daily activities and explores the scientific basis behind traditional cultural practices.
Multi-target neural circuit reconstruction and enhancement in spinal cord injury
Authors: Cao Lingyun , Chen Siyun , Wang Shuping , Zheng Ya , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After spinal cord injury, impairment of the sensorimotor circuit can lead to dysfunction in the motor, sensory, proprioceptive, and autonomic nervous systems. Functional recovery is often hindered by constraints on the timing of interventions, combined with the limitations of current methods. To address these challenges, various techniques have been developed to aid in the repair and reconstruction of neural circuits at different stages of injury. Notably, neuromodulation has garnered considerable attention for its potential to enhance nerve regeneration, provide neuroprotection, restore neurons, and regulate the neural reorganization of circuits within the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract. To improve the effectiveness of these interventions, the implementation of multi-target early interventional neuromodulation strategies, such as electrical and magnetic stimulation, is recommended to enhance functional recovery across different phases of nerve injury. This review concisely outlines the challenges encountered following spinal cord injury, synthesizes existing neurostimulation techniques while emphasizing neuroprotection, repair, and regeneration of impaired connections, and advocates for multi-targeted, task-oriented, and timely interventions.
Adeno-associated viral vectors for modeling Parkinson’s disease in non-human primates
Authors: Chocarro Julia , Lanciego José L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The development of clinical candidates that modify the natural progression of sporadic Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies is a praiseworthy endeavor, but extremely challenging. Therapeutic candidates that were successful in preclinical Parkinson's disease animal models have repeatedly failed when tested in clinical trials. While these failures have many possible explanations, it is perhaps time to recognize that the problem lies with the animal models rather than the putative candidate. In other words, the lack of adequate animal models of Parkinson's disease currently represents the main barrier to preclinical identification of potential disease-modifying therapies likely to succeed in clinical trials. However, this barrier may be overcome by the recent introduction of novel generations of viral vectors coding for different forms of alpha-synuclein species and related genes. Although still facing several limitations, these models have managed to mimic the known neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease with unprecedented accuracy, delineating a more optimistic scenario for the near future.
What is the pathophysiology of inflammation-induced cortical injury in the perinatal brain?
Authors: Kelly Sharmony B. , Gunn Alistair J. , Hunt Rodney W. , Galinsky Robert 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Perinatal exposure to infection/inflammation is highly associated with neural injury, and subsequent impaired cortical growth, disturbances in neuronal connectivity, and impaired neurodevelopment. However, our understanding of the pathophysiological substrate underpinning these changes in brain structure and function is limited. The objective of this review is to summarize the growing evidence from animal trials and human cohort studies that suggest exposure to infection/ inflammation during the perinatal period promotes regional impairments in neuronal maturation and function, including loss of high-frequency electroencephalographic activity, and reduced growth and arborization of cortical dendrites and dendritic spines resulting in reduced cortical volume. These inflammation-induced disturbances to neuronal structure and function are likely to underpin subsequent disturbances to cortical development and connectivity in fetuses and/or newborns exposed to infection/inflammation during the perinatal period, leading, in the long term, to impaired neurodevelopment. The combined use of early electroencephalography monitoring with neuroimaging techniques that enable detailed evaluation of brain microstructure, and the use of therapeutics that successfully target systemic and central nervous system inflammation could provide an effective strategy for early detection and therapeutic intervention.
The clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of duodenal lateral wall fistula
Authors: Lei Lei , Wang Runnan , Wu Zhihong , Zhang Yongxi , Liu Lei , Luo Zaisheng , Xie Weifeng , Zheng Tao 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and high-risk factors affecting the outcomes of duodenal lateral wall fistulas, with the goal of improving treatment strategies.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the China Intestinal Fistula and Intra-abdominal Infection Registry System, including 142 patients hospitalized with duodenal lateral wall fistula between January 1 and December 31, 2018.

Results:
The primary diagnoses included gastrointestinal ulcers/perforations, biliary diseases, and trauma, with 82.4% of patients presenting a single fistula and 17.6% having fistulas in other locations. The overall mortality rate was 10.6%, and 89.4% of patients achieved recovery through either conservative or surgical treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age ≥60 years (odd ratio [OR] = 44.375, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.676–735.822), presence of fistulas in additional locations (OR = 16.54, 95% CI: 1.744–156.913), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (OR = 238.447, 95% CI: 9.496– 5987.78) as independent risk factors for mortality.

Conclusions:
Findings indicate that advanced age, fistula location, and MODS are critical determinants of prognosis in duodenal lateral wall fistula patients, underscoring the need for focused management in these high-risk groups.
Enhance food security: Sustained release of clove essential oil microcapsules
Authors: Wu Haochen , Jiang Tao , Chen Xiaohong , Liu Ping 
Published: January 2025

Foodborne illnesses remain a significant concern in the realm of public health. Managing food spoilage and controlling pathogenic microorganisms rely on synthetic chemicals, regrettably accompanied by various unfavourable attributes. In response to the escalating demand for innovative and secure alternative approaches, there has been a surge in the investigation of naturally sourced agents possessing antimicrobial characteristics, among which essential oils stand out. This study focuses on improving the stability of clove essential oil (CEO), and to achieve controlled release, the CEO microcapsules are prepared by solvent evaporation method with ethyl cellulose as the wall material. The results indicated optimum technological conditions: wall material mass fraction of 3%, core wall ratio of 1.0:1.5, emulsifier mass fraction of 8% and shear rate of 14000 r/min. Under these conditions, the encapsulation efficiency is 81.28%, and the yield rate is 90.58%. The CEOM were spherical with a size of 1.43-3.92 μm and had good thermal stability. The microcapsule under 50% ethanol showed a faster release rate and significant release amount. The microencapsulation of CEO with ethyl cellulose can not only improve the stability of CEO but also realise the controlled release of CEO, which has tremendous application value in antibacterial packaging.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(4), 749-761.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i4.11
Structure and magnetism of a linear tetranuclear nickel complex ligated by compartmental ligand
Authors: Zhang Feng , Chen Yun , Feng Jia-Nan , Sun Jian-Hua , Huang Ching-Cheng 
Published: January 2025

A new nickel(II) complex [Ni4L3(acac)2(H2O)2]·2DMF·Et2O (1) (acac = acetylacetonate, and DMF = N,N′-dimethylformamide) was isolated in solid crystalline form with the reaction of nickel(II) acetylacetonate and compartmental Schiff base ligand 1,2-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) hydrazine (H2L). Single crystal X-ray analysis showed that the complex has a linear tetranuclear structure. In the complex, an unusual μ3– and μ4–bridging modes of Ligand L2- were coexisting. Variable-temperature magnetic studies revealed that weak antiferromagnetic interaction exists between the nickel(II) ions coupling through phenoxide−O atoms and −N−N− bridging moieties.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(4), 781-789.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i4.13
Investigating the comparative adsorption of methyl orange and methyl green on commercial bentonite
Authors: Rezala Houria , Romero Amaya , Tidjani Naoual 
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the utilization of commercial bentonite obtained from Biochem Chemopharma Company, in France, as an adsorbent for the anionic dye methyl orange (MO) and cationic dye methyl green (MG) in aqueous solutions. The material was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed for characterization. The study evaluated the impact of various experimental parameters such as contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and temperature. Batch adsorption studies revealed that MO exhibited a maximum of 90 mg/g in an acidic medium, with an equilibrium time of 20 min and an adsorbent dosage of 1 g/L. On the other hand, MG demonstrated maximum adsorption of 165 mg/g in a natural medium, with an equilibrium time of 5 minutes and an adsorbent dose of 0.6 g/L. The adsorption of MO followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the isotherms were well-fitted by the Freundlich model for MO and both Freundlich and Langmuir models for MG. Thermodynamic analysis indicated an exothermic, spontaneous, and physical adsorption process. Lastly, the adsorption performance of commercial bentonite for MO was compared with that of MG.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(4), 643-657.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i4.4