bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribochemistry of mercaptoimidazoline as an additive in emulsion between self-mated GCr15 ball interfaces and its friction-reduction mechanism
Authors: Kuang Sier , Sun Xiaoya , Xiong Liping , Wu Yinglei , Li Lili , Guo Lei , He Zhongyi , Zhang Rehui 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The tribological properties of two mercaptoimidazolines, with amino (2-MBTA) and hydroxyl (2-MBTD) functional groups, as lubricating additives in a water-based rapeseed oil emulsion were investigated. The results of tribological tests on a four-ball tester showed that both mercaptoimidazolines had effective anti-wear and friction reduction properties. The optimal tribological performance of the 2-MBTD was found to be 98 N and could be scribed to the hydroxyl group, whereas the amino group in 2-MBTA created a more effective wear-reducing tribofilm on the rubbing surfaces at 294 N. EDS analysis on the worn surface areas showed that the difference in tribological properties between 2-MBTA and 2-MBTD was attributed to the different contents of the active elements N and S. In addition, XPS results indicated that sulfates were prevalent in the tribofilm for 2-MBTA, whereas sulfides that could reduce the coefficient of friction (COF) were present in the tribofilm for 2-MBTD. The friction mechanism of 2-MBTA and 2-MBTD is that different functional groups influence the composition of the boundary lubrication film formed, which in turn affects the tribological properties of the additives.
The prevalence of occupational burnout and its individual and situational predictors among addiction therapists
Authors: Klingemann Justyna , Mokros Łukasz , Sienkiewicz-Jarosz Halina , Świtaj Piotr 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study assesses the prevalence and individual and organizational predictors of occupational burnout among addiction therapists. A total of 452 addiction therapists from a representative sample of 184 Polish alcohol treatment facilities (outpatient and inpatient) participated in the study (facility response rate = 42%). The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory was used to measure occupational burnout, and 15 subscales of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II were administered to assess psychosocial work conditions. In addition, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the abbreviated six-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale measured other important dimensions of addiction therapists' psychosocial functioning. Logistic regression was used for the analysis of the data. Occupational burnout was noticeably prevalent in the study group: 62% of respondents experienced exhaustion and 50% experienced disengagement from work, both to at least a moderate degree. Situational (organizational) variables were the most important predictors, explaining much more of the variance in both dimensions of burnout than the individual factors, of which only depression was significantly related to higher levels of exhaustion. Coronavirus anxiety played a marginal role in explaining the severity of burnout. The current study is one of the first attempts to assess the level of occupational burnout among addiction therapists and to comprehensively investigate the factors contributing to it. The findings provide useful information for the development of interventions aimed at preventing or reducing burnout in this professional group.
Time to budbreak is not enough: cold hardiness evaluation is necessary in dormancy and spring phenology studies
Authors: North Michael G , Kovaleski Al P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Dormancy of buds is an important phase in the life cycle of perennial plants growing in environments where unsuitable growth conditions occur seasonally. In regions where low temperature defines these unsuitable conditions, the attainment of cold hardiness is also required for survival. The end of the dormant period culminates in budbreak and flower emergence, or spring phenology, one of the most appreciated and studied phenological events – a time also understood to be most sensitive to low-temperature damage. Despite this, we have a limited physiological and molecular understanding of dormancy, which has negatively affected our ability to model budbreak. This is also true for cold hardiness.

Scope
Here we highlight the importance of including cold hardiness in dormancy studies that typically only characterize time to budbreak. We show how different temperature treatments may lead to increases in cold hardiness, and by doing so also (potentially inadvertently) increase time to budbreak.

Conclusions
We present a theory that describes evaluation of cold hardiness as being key to clarifying physiological changes throughout the dormant period, delineating dormancy statuses, and improving both chill and phenology models. Erroneous interpretations of budbreak datasets are possible by not phenotyping cold hardiness. Changes in cold hardiness were very probably present in previous experiments that studied dormancy, especially when those included below-freezing temperature treatments. Separating the effects between chilling accumulation and cold acclimation in future studies will be essential for increasing our understanding of dormancy and spring phenology in plants.
Social networks reveal sex- and age-patterned social structure in Butler’s gartersnakes (Thamnophis butleri)
Authors: Skinner Morgan , Hazell Megan , Jameson Joel , Lougheed Stephen C 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sex- and age-based social structures have been well documented in animals with visible aggregations. However, very little is known about the social structures of snakes. This is most likely because snakes are often considered non-social animals and are particularly difficult to observe in the wild. Here, we show that wild Butler’s Gartersnakes have an age and sex assorted social structure similar to more commonly studied social animals. To demonstrate this, we use data from a 12-year capture-mark-recapture study to identify social interactions using social network analyses. We find that the social structures of Butler’s Gartersnakes comprise sex- and age-assorted intra-species communities with older females often central and age segregation partially due to patterns of study site use. In addition, we find that females tended to increase in sociability as they aged while the opposite occurred in males. We also present evidence that social interaction may provide fitness benefits, where snakes that were part of a social network were more likely to have improved body condition. We demonstrate that conventional capture data can reveal valuable information on social structures in cryptic species. This is particularly valuable as research has consistently demonstrated that understanding social structure is important for conservation efforts. Additionally, research on the social patterns of animals without obvious social groups provides valuable insight into the evolution of group living.
Mechanisms and treatment of obesity-related hypertension—Part 1: Mechanisms
Authors: Parvanova Aneliya , Reseghetti Elia , Abbate Manuela , Ruggenenti Piero 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has tripled over the past five decades. Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is closely related to hypertension, increasing the risk of primary (essential) hypertension by 65%–75%. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing following the pandemic rise in obesity. Although the causal relationship between obesity and high blood pressure (BP) is well established, the detailed mechanisms for such association are still under research. For more than 30 years sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and kidney sodium reabsorption activation, secondary to insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, have been considered as primary mediators of elevated BP in obesity. However, experimental and clinical data show that severe insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia can occur in the absence of elevated BP, challenging the causal relationship between insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia as the key factor linking obesity to hypertension. The purpose of Part 1 of this review is to summarize the available data on recently emerging mechanisms believed to contribute to obesity-related hypertension through increased sodium reabsorption and volume expansion, such as: physical compression of the kidney by perirenal/intrarenal fat and overactivation of the systemic/renal SNS and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The role of hyperleptinemia, impaired chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes, and increased perivascular fat is also discussed. Specifically targeting these mechanisms may pave the way for a new therapeutic intervention in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension in the context of ‘precision medicine’ principles, which will be discussed in Part 2.
Procedural fairness in benefit package design: inclusion of pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV in Universal Coverage Scheme in Thailand
Authors: Viriyathorn Shaheda , Sachdev Saranya , Suwanwela Waraporn , Wangbanjongkun Waritta , Patcharanarumol Walaiporn , Tangcharoensathien Viroj 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSince 2002, Thailand’s Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS) has adopted a comprehensive benefits package with few exclusions. A positive-list approach has gradually been applied, with pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of HIV recently being included. Disagreements resulting from competing values and diverging interests necessitate an emphasis on procedural fairness when making any decisions. This qualitative study analyses agenda setting, policy formulation and early implementation of PrEP from a procedural fairness lens. Literature reviews and in-depth interviews with 13 key stakeholders involved in PrEP policy processes were conducted. Civil society organizations (CSOs) and academia piloted PrEP service models and co-produced evidence on programmatic feasibility and outcomes. Through a broad stakeholder representation process, the Department of Disease Control proposed PrEP for inclusion in UCS benefits package in 2017. PrEP was shown to be cost-effective and affordable through rigorous health technology assessment, peer review, use of up-to-date evidence and safe-guards against conflicts of interest. In 2021, Thailand’s National Health Security Board decided to include PrEP as a prevention and promotion package, free of charge, for the populations at risk. Favourable conditions for procedural fairness were created by Thailand’s legislative provisions that enable responsive governance, notably inclusiveness, transparency, safeguarding public interest and accountable budget allocations; longstanding institutional capacity to generate local evidence; and implementation capacity for realisation of procedural fairness criteria. Multiple stakeholders including CSOs, academia and the government deliberated in the policy process through working groups and sub-committees. However, a key lesson from Thailand’s deliberative process concerns a possible ‘over interpretation’ of conflicts of interest, intended to promote impartial decision-making, which inadvertently limited the voices of key populations represented in the decision processes. Finally, this case study underscores the value of examining the full policy cycle when assessing procedural fairness, since some stages of the process may be more amenable to certain procedural criteria than others.
Policymakers’ perspective on the importance of procedural fairness to implement and sustain health financing reforms
Authors: González-Pier Eduardo , Bryne Inger Cathrine , Cárdenas Gamboa Diana Isabel , Dsane-Selby Lydia , Kapologwe Ntuli , Radutskyi Mykhailo , Sadanandan Rajeev 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fair process is instrumental to implementing and sustaining health financing reforms. Ensuring a fair process during the design and adoption phases can garner political capital and secure a sense of citizens’ ownership. This will prove useful when reforms are contested before benefits are yet to be fully materialized. Since many well devised health financing reforms are vulnerable to being dismantled after a few years of being launched, fair process should play a more strategic role in the implementation and evaluation phases when policies get challenged and reformulated to reflect the changing political and socioeconomic landscapes and to better manage early evidence on performance.
A two-dimensional boundary value problem of elliptic type with nonlocal conjugation conditions
Authors: Milovanović Jeknić Zorica , Delić Aleksandra , Živanović Sandra 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider an elliptic boundary value problem with nonlocal conjugation conditions. An a priori estimate for its weak solution in an appropriate Sobolev-like space is proved. A finite difference scheme approximating this problem is proposed and analyzed. An estimate of the convergence rate, compatible with the smoothness of the input data, is obtained.
Dissecting molecular evolution of class 1 integron gene cassettes and identifying their bacterial hosts in suburban creeks via epicPCR
Authors: Qi Qin , Ghaly Timothy M , Rajabal Vaheesan , Gillings Michael R , Tetu Sasha G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Our study aimed to sequence class 1 integrons in uncultured environmental bacterial cells in freshwater from suburban creeks and uncover the taxonomy of their bacterial hosts. We also aimed to characterize integron gene cassettes with altered DNA sequences relative to those from databases or literature and identify key signatures of their molecular evolution.

Methods
We applied a single-cell fusion PCR-based technique—emulsion, paired isolation and concatenation PCR (epicPCR)—to link class 1 integron gene cassette arrays to the phylogenetic markers of their bacterial hosts. The levels of streptomycin resistance conferred by the WT and altered aadA5 and aadA11 gene cassettes that encode aminoglycoside (3″) adenylyltransferases were experimentally quantified in an Escherichia coli host.

Results
Class 1 integron gene cassette arrays were detected in Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria hosts. A subset of three gene cassettes displayed signatures of molecular evolution, namely the gain of a regulatory 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR), the loss of attC recombination sites between adjacent gene cassettes, and the invasion of a 5′-UTR by an IS element. Notably, our experimental testing of a novel variant of the aadA11 gene cassette demonstrated that gaining the observed 5′-UTR contributed to a 3-fold increase in the MIC of streptomycin relative to the ancestral reference gene cassette in E. coli.

Conclusions
Dissecting the observed signatures of molecular evolution of class 1 integrons allowed us to explain their effects on antibiotic resistance phenotypes, while identifying their bacterial hosts enabled us to make better inferences on the likely origins of novel gene cassettes and IS that invade known gene cassettes.
Preventing Violence in the Most Violent Contexts: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Evidence from El Salvador
Authors: Dinarte-Diaz Lelys , Egana-delSol Pablo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractViolence and delinquency levels in Central America are among the highest in the world and constrain human capital acquisition. We designed and conducted a randomized experiment in El Salvador to measure the impacts of an after-school program aimed at reducing school violence. The program combines a behavioral intervention with extracurricular activities for 10–16 year old students. We find the program reduced the participants’ violent behavior both inside and outside of school and indirectly improved their attendance, attitudes toward school and learning, and academic outcomes. Using state-of-the-art technology, we measured participant brain activity and show that the intervention fosters emotion regulation, enabling treated adolescents to remain calmer when faced with external stimuli.
3D gravity fast inversion based on Krylov subspace methods
Authors: Yang Min , Xu Xinqiang , Wang Wanyin , Zhao Dongming , Zhou Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mapping the density contrast through the 3D gravity inversion can help detect goals under the subsurface. However, it is a challenge to accurately and efficiently solve the 3D gravity inversion. The Krylov subspace method is commonly used for large linear problems due to its high computational efficiency and low storage requirement. In this study, two classical algorithms of Krylov subspace method, namely the generalized minimum residual method and the conjugate gradient method, are applied to 3D gravity inversion. On the basis of the recovered models of the deep mineral and the shallow L-shaped tunnel models, it was found that the generalized minimum residual method provided similar density contrast results to the conjugate gradient method. The obtained inversion results of density contrast corresponded well to the position of the deep mineral resources model and the L-shaped tunnel model. The 3D distribution of Fe content underground was obtained by inverting the measured gravity data from the Olympic Dam in Australia. The recovered results correspond well with the distribution of Fe content in the geological profile collected. The accuracy of inversion using the generalized minimum residual method was similar to that of the conjugate gradient method under the same conditions. However, the generalized minimum residual method had a faster convergence speed and increased inversion efficiency by ∼90%, greatly reducing the inversion time and improves the inversion efficiency.
Stratification pattern enumerator and its applications
Authors: Tian Ye , Xu Hongquan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Space-filling designs are widely used in computer experiments. A minimum aberration-type space-filling criterion was recently proposed to rank and assess a family of space-filling designs including orthogonal array-based Latin hypercubes and strong orthogonal arrays. However, it is difficult to apply the criterion in practice because it requires intensive computation for determining the space-filling pattern, which measures the stratification properties of designs on various subregions. In this article, we propose a stratification pattern enumerator to characterise the stratification properties. The enumerator is easy to compute and can efficiently rank space-filling designs. We show that the stratification pattern enumerator is a linear combination of the space-filling pattern. Based on the connection, we develop efficient algorithms for calculating the space-filling pattern. In addition, we establish a lower bound for the stratification pattern enumerator and present construction methods for designs that achieve the lower bound using multiplication tables over Galois fields. The constructed designs have good space-filling properties in low-dimensional projections and are robust under various criteria.
Secretagogin regulates asynchronous and spontaneous glutamate release in hippocampal neurons through interaction with Doc2α
Authors: Tu Yingfeng , Qin Jiao , Zhang Qiao-Ming , Tang Tie-Shan , Wang Lifang , Yao Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis is orchestrated by protein machineries consisting of the SNARE complex, Ca2+ sensors, and their partners. Secretagogin (SCGN) is a Ca2+-binding protein involved in multiple forms of vesicle secretion. Although SCGN is implicated in multiple neurological disorders, its role in SV exocytosis in neurons remains unknown. Here, using knockout and knockdown techniques, we report that SCGN could regulate the asynchronous and spontaneous forms of excitatory but not inhibitory SV exocytosis in mouse hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, SCGN functioned in glutamate release via directly interacting with Doc2α, a high-affinity Ca2+ sensor specific for asynchronous and spontaneous SV exocytosis. Conversely, the interaction with SCGN is also required for Doc2α to execute its Ca2+ sensor function in SV release. Together, our study revealed that SCGN plays an important role in asynchronous and spontaneous glutamate release through its interaction with Doc2α.
Twisted magnetar magnetospheres
Authors: Ntotsikas D , Gourgouliatos K N , Contopoulos I , Lander S K 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Magnetar magnetospheres are strongly twisted, and are able to power sudden energetic events through the rapid release of stored electromagnetic energy. In this paper, we investigate twisted relativistic force-free axisymmetric magnetospheres of rotating neutron stars. We obtain numerical solutions of such configurations using the method of simultaneous relaxation for the magnetic field inside and outside the light-cylinder. We introduce a toroidal magnetic field in the region of closed field-lines that is associated with a poloidal electric current distribution in that region, and explore various mathematical expressions for that distribution. We find that, by increasing the twist, a larger fraction of magnetic field-lines crosses the light-cylinder and opens up to infinity, thus increasing the size of the polar caps and enhancing the spin-down rate. We also find that, for moderately to strongly twisted magnetospheres, the region of closed field-lines ends at some distance inside the light-cylinder. We discuss the implications of these solutions on the variation of magnetar spin-down rates, moding and nulling of pulsars, the relation between the angular shear and the twist, and the overall shape of the magnetosphere.
Improved discovery of RNA-binding protein binding sites in eCLIP data using DEWSeq
Authors: Schwarzl Thomas , Sahadevan Sudeep , Lang Benjamin , Miladi Milad , Backofen Rolf , Huber Wolfgang , Hentze Matthias W , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) sequencing is a method for transcriptome-wide detection of binding sites of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). However, identified crosslink sites can deviate from experimentally established functional elements of even well-studied RBPs. Current peak-calling strategies result in low replication and high false positive rates. Here, we present the R/Bioconductor package DEWSeq that makes use of replicate information and size-matched input controls. We benchmarked DEWSeq on 107 RBPs for which both eCLIP data and RNA sequence motifs are available and were able to more than double the number of motif-containing binding regions relative to standard eCLIP processing. The improvement not only relates to the number of binding sites (3.1-fold with known motifs for RBFOX2), but also their subcellular localization (1.9-fold of mitochondrial genes for FASTKD2) and structural targets (2.2-fold increase of stem–loop regions for SLBP. On several orthogonal CLIP-seq datasets, DEWSeq recovers a larger number of motif-containing binding sites (3.3-fold). DEWSeq is a well-documented R/Bioconductor package, scalable to adequate numbers of replicates, and tends to substantially increase the proportion and total number of RBP binding sites containing biologically relevant features.
Product Choice Affects Risk of False-Positive Hepatitis B Virus Serology During Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy
Authors: Lindahl Hannes , Norlin Anna-Carin , Bergman Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen antibodies passively transferred from immunoglobulin products used for replacement or immunomodulation may lead to unnecessary antiviral treatment for patients who are also starting immunosuppressive treatment. We have systematically assessed the contents of 93 commercial immunoglobulin batches and show that there are consistent product-specific differences in the levels of HBV core antigen antibodies and that choice of immunoglobulin product may have an impact on false-positivity rates.