bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic interval of inflammatory bowel disease in Chinese children and its relationship with growth parameters: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Juan , Chen BinRong , Wang ZhiCheng , Liu Li , OuYang HongJuan , Luo YanHong , Zhang WenTing , Liu ChenXi , Zhan MeiZheng , Duan JiaQi , Li CanLin , Jiang Na , You JieYu , Zhao HongMei 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDelayed diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is common in Europe and North America, with limited research in Asia. We aimed to investigate factors influencing delayed diagnosis of IBD in Chinese children and the impact of delayed diagnosis on growth.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Clinical data on children with IBD were collected through electronic medical records. The diagnostic interval includes the time from symptom onset to hospital admission and admission to diagnosis. Diagnostic delay was defined as the upper quartile of the time interval from the first symptom to the diagnosis of IBD. For the effect on growth indicators, the length of follow-up was at least 3 months from diagnosis.ResultsThis study included 222 children with IBD, predominantly with Crohn's disease (86.0%). Approximately one-quarter of children require more than 366 days to be diagnosed with IBD, primarily due to the extended interval between the onset of initial symptoms and hospital admission. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that fever was associated with a prolonged time interval from first symptom onset to admission and the odds ratio (OR) was 0.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22–0.94]. Age and bloody stools were associated with prolonged intervals from admission to diagnosis, with ORs of 0.84 (95% CI 0.77–0.92) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.14–0.94), respectively. Delayed diagnosis was associated with height at first admission and follow-up. Children with a delayed diagnosis had a 5.87-fold higher chance of growth retardation upon initial admission compared to children without a delayed diagnosis (95% CI 1.59–24.05). After 15.7 months of follow-up, this elevated risk remained (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.00–10.50).ConclusionDelayed diagnosis is common in Chinese children with IBD and is associated with persistent height impairment.
Toxicological landscape of Fuzi: a comprehensive study on the spatial distribution of toxicants and regional neurotoxicity variability in zebrafish
Authors: Pan Xiaoqi , Liang Tianyu , Feng Han , Liu Weiying , Mou Qiaoxin , Yan Xiaoyu 
Published: February 2025

Fuzi, a Chinese herb widely used in clinical settings, exhibits varying levels of toxicity depending on its geographical origin. Diester-type alkaloids are the primary contributors to the toxicity of Fuzi. This study aims to investigate regional differences and underlying mechanisms of Fuzi-induced neurotoxicity across China. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/Ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) method was employed to map the spatial distribution of six key diester-type alkaloids from Fuzi samples originating from five major regions. The results showed that the diester-type alkaloids were primarily distributed in the cuticle of Anguo- and Ludian-Fuzi, in the cuticle, cork, and pith of Butuo-Fuzi, in the phloem and pith tissues of Chenggu-Fuzi, and in the cuticle, cork, inner phloem, and pith of Jiangyou-Fuzi. When zebrafish were exposed to a Fuzi decoction for 24 h, it was observed that Jiangyou-Fuzi induced the most significant neurobehavioral abnormalities, lipid peroxidation damage, and aberrant neurotransmitters release. RNA sequencing analysis further indicated that the amino acid metabolism, ErbB, cGMP-PKG, and p53 signaling pathways-regulated by changes in the expression of Glub, Mao, GAB1, PRKG1B, PSEN2, and BAXα genes were disrupted to varying extents by Fuzi from different origins. In summary, the regional variability in the neurotoxicity of Fuzi can be attributed to differences in the distribution of its active compounds and underlying mechanisms. Among the samples tested, Jiangyou-Fuzi exhibited the highest neurotoxicity, followed by Anguo-, Chenggu-, Ludian-, and Butuo-Fuzi.
Discovering broad-spectrum inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 variants: a cheminformatics and biophysical approach targeting the main protease
Authors: Alqahtani Safar M. 
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 still lacks effective antiviral drugs. Therefore, a thorough receptor-based virtual screening study was conducted to screen different natural and synthetic drug libraries, such as the Asinex Antiviral, Seaweed Metabolite Database, Medicinal Fungi Secondary Metabolite and Therapeutics Library, and Comprehensive Marine Natural Products Database comprising 6,827, 1,191, 1,830, and 45,000 compounds, respectively, against the main protease enzyme of SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, three drug molecules (BBB-26580140, BDE-32007849, and LAS-51378804) are highlighted as the best binding molecules to the main protease S1 pocket. The docking binding energy scores of BBB-26580140, BDE-32007849, and LAS-51378804 were −13.02, −13.0, and −12.56 kcal/mol, respectively. Compared to the control Z1741970824 molecule with a binding energy score of −11.59 kcal/mol, the lead structures identified herein showed robust hydrophilic and van der Waals interactions with the enzyme active site residues, such as His41 and Cys145, and achieved highly stable binding modes. The simulations showed a stable structure of the main protease enzyme with the shortlisted leads in the pocket, and the network of binding interactions remained intact during the simulations. The overall molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation binding energies of the BBB-26580140, BDE-32007849, LAS-51378804, and control molecules are −53.02, −56.85, −55.44, and −48.91 kcal/mol, respectively. Similarly, the net molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area binding energies of BBB-26580140, BDE-32007849, LAS-51378804, and control are −53.6, −57.61, −54.41, and −50.09 kcal/mol, respectively. The binding entropy energies of these systems showed lower free energies, indicating their stable nature. Furthermore, the binding energies were revalidated using the water swap method that considers the role of the water molecules in bridging the ligands to the enzyme active site residues. The compounds also revealed good ADMET properties and followed all major rules of drug-likeness. Thus, these compounds are predicted as promising leads and can be subjected to further experimental studies for evaluation of their biological activities.
Spouses’ personalities and marital satisfaction in Chinese families
Authors: Jia Li , Antonides Gerrit , Liu Zhuomin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionConsidering the traditional Confucian values prevalent in Chinese society, we study the effects of the spouses’ personalities and household sociodemographic circumstances on the marital satisfaction of marriage partners.MethodsWe evaluate the factors that contribute to marital satisfaction, using the 2018 wave of the Chinese Family Panel Survey, including 6,603 households. We use information on both spouses’ Big-Five personality traits, and marital satisfaction. In addition, the effects of the household’s sociodemographic factors on the spouses’ marital satisfaction are estimated. We employ the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model to estimate the effects, using simultaneous equation modeling.ResultsWe find significant actor effects of personality, i.e., agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and extroversion, but few partner effects on marital satisfaction. In addition to other socioeconomic effects, we find strong actor effects of subjective social status on marital satisfaction for both spouses. The wife’s level of education had a negative effect on her marital satisfaction.DiscussionThe effects of the spouses’ personalities and sociodemographic circumstances on their marital satisfaction fit the Confucian values fostered in China. The wife’s double burden of having a job and taking care of household duties, negatively affecting her marital satisfaction, may be alleviated by proper government policies.
Music-based interventions using digital technology for individuals with acquired brain injuries: a scoping review
Authors: Yu Huiyuan , Lu Xin , Kim Soo Ji 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe use of digital technology in music-based interventions for individuals with brain injuries has gained traction, especially post COVID-19, in addressing the need for effective, long-term rehabilitation. This scoping review examines the landscape of digital music-based interventions, focusing on their application in motor and cognitive rehabilitation for patients with brain injuries.MethodsWe conducted a literature search using five academic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Twenty-six studies met the predefined criteria for inclusion in this review, and these studies were analyzed including digital interventions used.ResultsTwenty-six of 1994 studies were included. Results demonstrated a clear evolution in intervention methodologies, with earlier research focusing on rhythmic and MIDI-based tools, while more recent studies integrated virtual reality, augmented reality, and adaptive feedback mechanisms. The findings showed significant improvements in motor functions, such as upper limb movement and gait, in most of the reviewed studies, as well as some cognitive benefits, particularly when personalized music interventions were applied. However, challenges were noted regarding device complexity, cost, and inconsistent assessment methods across studies.DiscussionDigital music-based interventions show substantial promise in enhancing motor and cognitive function for individuals with neurological impairments. Nevertheless, barriers such as technological accessibility, the need for patient comfort, and a lack of standardization in assessment remain. Future research should focus on simplifying interfaces, standardizing protocols, and exploring hybrid interventions that combine immersive virtual reality with the adaptability of music therapy to create holistic, patient-centered rehabilitation solutions.
Differences in EEG complexity of cognitive activities among subtypes of schizophrenia
Authors: Qi Hang , Zou Jilin , Yao Zhenzhen , Zhao Gaofeng , Zhang Jing , Liu Chunlei , Chen Min 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe neural mechanisms that underpin cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia remain unclear. Previous studies have typically treated patients as a homogeneous group, despite the existence of distinct symptom presentations between deficit and non-deficit subtypes. This approach has been found to be inadequate, necessitating separate investigation.MethodsThis study was conducted at Daizhuang Hospital in Jining City, China, from January 2022 to October 2023. The study sample comprised 30 healthy controls, 19 patients with deficit schizophrenia, and 19 patients with non-deficit schizophrenia, all aged between 18 and 45 years. Cognitive abilities were evaluated using a change detection task. The NeuroScan EEG/ERP System, comprising 64 channels and utilising standard 10-20 electrode placements, was employed to record EEG signals. The multiscale entropy and sample entropy of the EEG signals were calculated.ResultsThe healthy controls demonstrated superior task performance compared to both the non-deficit (p &lt; 0.001) and deficit groups(p &lt; 0.001). Significant differences in multiscale entropy between the three groups were observed at multiple electrode sites. In the task state, there are significant differences in the sample entropy of the β frequency band among the three groups of subjects. Under simple conditions of difficulty, the performance of the healthy controls exhibited a positive correlation with alpha band sample entropy(r = 0.372) and a negative correlation with beta band sample entropy (r = -0.411). Deficit patients demonstrated positive correlations with alpha band sample entropy (r = 0.370), whereas non-deficit patients exhibited negative correlations with both alpha and beta band sample entropy (r = -0.451, r = -0.362). Under difficult conditions of difficulty, the performance of healthy controls demonstrated a positive correlation with beta band sample entropy (r = 0.486). Deficit patients exhibited a positive correlation with alpha band sample entropy (r = 0.351), while non-deficit patients demonstrated a negative correlation with beta band sample entropy (r = -0.331).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that cognitive impairment in specific subtypes of schizophrenia may have distinct physiological underpinnings, underscoring the need for further investigation.
Inpatient dialectical behavior therapy combined with trauma-focused therapy for PTSD and borderline personality disorder symptoms: study design of the naturalistic trauma therapy study
Authors: Kamstra Annemieke C. , de Vries Sybolt O. , Brilman Maarten F. , Vasilev Petty , Alma Manna A. , van Asselt Antoinette D. I. , De Wolf Mia , Schoevers Robert A. , Jörg Frederike 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionChildhood traumatization can result in physical and mental health problems in adulthood, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which negatively influences quality of life and social functioning. Although evidence based trauma treatments benefit clients with PTSD after childhood abuse and comorbid personality disorders, they are less effective than in clients who were traumatized in adulthood, and drop-out is substantial. The current study aims to assess the effects of inpatient dialectical behavior therapy combined with prolonged exposure (DBT-PTSD) on severity of PTSD, dissociation, parasuicidal behavior and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in clients with severe PTSD and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Secondary outcomes are social functioning, quality of life, borderline and cluster C personality disorder symptoms as treatment predictors, treatment trajectories, clients’ experiences and health economic consequences.MethodsThe naturalistic, longitudinal Trauma Therapy Study is conducted from January 2019 until May 2025 in a mental healthcare center in the Netherlands. Clients with severe PTSD and comorbid conditions who are referred to inpatient DBT-PTSD are included into the study. Based on power analyses a total sample size of N=56 is needed. Measurements take place before the waiting list period, at pre- and posttreatment and at six- and twelve-months follow-up. Clients fill in a daily DBT-PTSD diary, which gives insight into individual symptom trajectories.ResultsStatistical analyses include two-sided paired samples t-tests, linear mixed model analyses and cost-effectiveness analyses. Qualitative interviews are conducted within two years posttreatment and analyzed using a phenomenological approach. We correct for chance capitalization by using a conservative α-level of.01. Multiple imputation is used to handle missing data.DiscussionResearch on the effects of integrated treatment programs for clients with severe PTSD and co-morbid conditions is scarce. This study extends current knowledge on the effects of inpatient DBT-PTSD on PTSD and BPD symptoms, clients’ social functioning and quality of life. In addition, it provides insight into individual symptom trajectories and experiences, inspiring future treatment improvements for clients with severe psychopathology.Trial registrationMedical Ethical Committee approval (NL669060018, RTPO1044/01.10.2018). Preregistration: Dutch registration database Centrale Commissie Mensgebonden Onderzoek and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (NL-OMON46167/01.10.2018/https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL-OMON46167).
Feasibility of HIV self-test implementation among Mizo youths: a field investigation from Northeast India bordering Myanmar
Authors: Rao Amrita , Pachuau Henry Zodinliana , Panda Samiran , Chawngthu Richard L. , Zomuanpuii Rita , Hemade Pranoti , Nirmalkar Amit 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study investigated the potential of HIV self-test (HIVST) to reach individuals who otherwise might not access testing or antiretroviral therapy (ART). The study had two main objectives: (a) to develop an HIV self-test implementation plan based on the findings from qualitative inquiries with local stakeholders and (b) to examine HIVST uptake among youths in the urban setting of Aizawl district in Mizoram.MethodologyIn the first phase, qualitative in-depth interviews (IDI) were conducted with HIV program officials, religious leaders, community influencers, youths, and key population groups. These inquiries guided the planning of strategic communication, community engagement, HIVST delivery, and linkages with HIV confirmatory testing services in phase two. Factors associated with the non-uptake of HIV confirmatory tests by youths following HIVST were analyzed quantitatively. Additionally, secondary data collected from attendees of the “Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre” (ICTC) were also analyzed.ResultsThe in-depth interviews underscored the need to introduce HIVST among Mizo youths. The respondents emphasized the importance of diverse outreach approaches and communication strategies, including the use of social media platforms, as critical components for successful HIVST implementation. They also provided valuable insights on the optimal locations and methods for making HIVST kits accessible. Among the youths who used HIVST, the majority were first-time testers (1,772/2,101; 84.3%). Those diagnosed with an undiagnosed HIV infection were started on ART. The preference for the blood-based HIVST format (1,162/2101; 55%) was noted to be slightly higher than the saliva-based format. Confirmatory test uptake was significantly higher among those with sero-reactive HIVST results (χ2 23.89; p &lt; 0.001). Factors independently associated with (adjusted odds ratio; AOR with 95% CI) “no-show for HIV confirmatory tests,” which hold significant programmatic implications, included “age &gt; 20 years (1.47; 1.18–1.82),” “gender (men)” (1.25; 1.01–1.55), “education below 10th standard” (5.16; 2.66–10.01), “no prior HIV testing experience” (2.12; 1.61–2.81), and “unwillingness to undergo HIV confirmatory testing” (2.85; 2.05–3.96). Individuals who opted for the blood-based HIVST were 23% less likely (AOR 0.77; 95% CI; 0.62–0.96) to drop out of the HIV confirmatory testing process. Additionally, only 1% of respondents perceived HIVST as having self-harm potential.ConclusionSustained community engagement, effective networking with HIV program officials, and strategic communication were three critical pillars supporting the successful implementation of HIVST. There was a significant increase in HIVST uptake among young first-time testers.
A nomogram to predict sarcopenia in middle-aged and older women: a nationally representative survey in China
Authors: Yang Jiayi , Chen Zihao , Dai Xinxin , Jiang Liyao , Dai Liyan , Zhao Yu 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSarcopenia is a disease characterized by losing muscle mass, strength, and function with age. Studies have shown that sarcopenia is generally higher in women than in men. Therefore, this study used the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data to explore further the risk factors associated with sarcopenia in middle-aged and older Chinese women.MethodsIn this study, data from the 2015 CHARLS database were analyzed, comprising 7,805 eligible participants. Participants were categorized into either the sarcopenia group (n = 2,160) or the non-sarcopenia group (n = 5,645) based on the presence or absence of sarcopenia. Through the utilization of logistic regression analysis, multiple risk factors were identified. Additionally, the predictive value of these risk factors was assessed by applying receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Subsequently, a visual nomogram prediction model was developed by incorporating the identified risk factors into R4.1.2 software.ResultsAge, area, education, marriage, waist circumference, stroke, body pain, depression, and region may be closely related to Chinese women with sarcopenia. In addition, this study integrated these sarcopenia-related variables into a comprehensive index, and ROC analysis results showed that the AUC of the composite index was 0.738.ConclusionsThis study found that sarcopenia in Chinese women may be closely related to age, waist, education, marriage, area, stroke, physical pain, depression, and region. In addition, this study constructs a nomogram to help clinicians better screen potential female patients with sarcopenia.
Vaginal colonization, vertical transmission rate, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and associated factors of potential neonatal pathogens among pregnant women at public health facilities of Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Shimeles Getnet , Gedefie Alemu , Motbainor Hilina , Genet Chalachew 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundVaginal colonization by pathogenic bacteria increases the risk of bacterial infections such as sepsis, which is associated with high neonatal mortality. More than half a million newborn deaths occur globally each year due to infections that lead to sepsis. However, the problem is worsening in Ethiopia the evidence of vaginal colonization and vertical transmission is scarce.MethodsA healthcare facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie town from April 1 to June 30, 2023, among 348 pregnant women and their newborns. Socio-demographic, clinical, and related data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Vaginal swab samples from pregnant women and pooled external ear, nasal area, and umbilical swab samples from the newborns were collected and transported using Amies transport media. Samples were inoculated into blood agar, Todd Hewitt selective enrichment broth, and MacConkey agar for bacterial isolation, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and CHROM Agar for Candida species isolation. The antimicrobial susceptibility was performed on isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Logistic regression model was used to identify the associated factors. Finally, variables with p &lt; 0.05 and their 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 348 pregnant women attending vaginal delivery were included in the study. The maternal colonization and vertical transmission rates were 55.5% (193/348) and 53.9% (104/348), respectively. The most frequent potential pathogen among pregnant women was Escherichia coli (27.6%), followed by Candida spp. (14.1%), and Klebsiella spp. (6%). Similarly, the predominant isolates in the newborns were E. coli (16.4%), Candida spp. (6.3%), and Klebsiella spp. (3.6%). The overall multidrug resistance levels of potential pathogens were 37.3%. Living with domestic animals (p = 0.001), having premature rupture of membrane (p = 0.010) and history of urinary tract infection (p = 0.013) were significantly associated with maternal colonization. Potential pathogen colonization newborn was significantly associated with duration of labor (p = 0.024) and low birth weight (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe finding of the present study revealed that vaginal colonization and vertical transmissions of potential pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance is still a significant problem. This alarms the urgency of evidence based-intervention to improve maternal and neonatal health.