bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of Porous High‐Loading Electrode and Gel Polymer Electrolyte for High‐Performance Quasi‐Solid‐State Battery
Authors: Nie Lu , Gao Runhua , Zhang Mengtian , Zhu Yanfei , Wu Xinru , Lao Zhoujie , Zhou Guangmin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe practical applications of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are challenged by safety concerns using liquid electrolytes (LEs). The gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are considered as a promising candidate to solve this safety issue. In addition, using high‐mass loading electrodes is essential to achieve high energy density. However, poor interfacial contact between electrode and electrolyte remains a challenging issue, particularly for the high‐mass‐loading electrode. Here, porous channels are constructed in electrodes with high active material loading using the melamine formaldehyde sponge, and then the GPE is penetrated into porous channels of electrodes through an in‐situ thermal induced polymerization. The porous electrode structure with sufficient surface area improves electrolyte percolation and fast ion diffusion kinetics, which enables a uniform distribution of Li‐ion flux and effectively homogenizes the local current density to realize uniform Li deposition. The half cells and anode‐free full cells using the integration of porous electrodes and in‐situ polymerized GPEs exhibit excellent discharge capacity and cycle stability. This integration method is applicable for fabricating batteries with high energy density and safety.
Immobilizing Polyiodides with Expanded Zn2+ Channels for High‐Rate Practical Zinc‐Iodine Battery
Authors: Wu Jiawen , Yang Jin‐Lin , Zhang Bao , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐iodine battery (AZIB) has the advantage of low cost and high specific capacity but suffer from the soluble polyiodides shuttling and sluggish redox kinetics. Herein, these two limitations are addressed by employing a cathode additive (zirconium hydrogen phosphate, denoted as EI‐ZrP) which provides dual functions: an agent for polyiodide confinement, and abundant channels for zinc ion transport. An enlarged crystalline interlayer (from typical 7.5 to 18.3 Å) of the EI‐ZrP significantly enhances the ionic conductivity and simultaneously immobilizes polyiodides, leading to an accelerated conversion process. AZIB with EI‐ZrP in the iodine cathode exhibits a high capacity retention over 10,000 cycles (with a 0.02‰ decay rate per cycle). Quasi‐solid‐state Zn‐I2 pouch cell has been constructed using hydrogel‐paper as separator and EI‐ZrP additive, which delivers a high areal capacity under repeated bending. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, the paper battery is integrated to power a wireless flexible pressure sensor system (WFPSS). This strategy may shed light on the rational design of conversion‐type cathode materials for both energy storage and flexible portable electronics.
Prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among US blood donors by industry, May–December 2021
Authors: Shi Dallas S. , McDonald Emily , Shah Melisa , Groenewold Matthew R. , Haynes James M. , Spencer Bryan R. , Stramer Susan L. , Feldstein Leora R. , Saydah Sharon , Jones Jefferson , Chiu Sophia K. , Rinsky Jessica L. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundWork is a social determinant of health that is often overlooked. There are major work‐related differences in the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection and death, but there have been few analyses of infection rates across industry groups. To date, only one national assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection prevalence by industry based on self‐report has been completed. No study has looked at seroprevalence of COVID‐19 by industry.MethodsDuring May–December 2021, blood donors with SARS‐CoV‐2 antinucleocapsid testing were sent an electronic survey about their work. Free‐text industry responses were classified using the North American Industry Classification System. We estimated seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by industry.ResultsOf 57,726 donors, 7040 (12%, 95% CI: 11.9%−12.5%) had prior SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Seroprevalence was highest among Accommodation & Food Services (19.3%, 95% CI: 17.1%−21.6%), Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction (19.2%, 95% CI: 12.8%−27.8%), Healthcare & Social Assistance (15.6%, 95% CI: 14.9%−16.4%), and Construction (14.7%, 95% CI: 13.1%−16.3%). Seroprevalence was lowest among Management of Companies & Enterprises (6.5%, 95% CI: 3.5%−11.5%), Professional Scientific & Technical Services (8.4%, 95% CI: 7.7%−9.0%), and Information (9.9%, 95% CI: 8.5%−11.5%).ConclusionsWhile workers in all industries had serologic evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, certain sectors were disproportionately impacted. Disease surveillance systems should routinely collect work characteristics so public health and industry leaders can address health disparities using sector‐specific policies.
On pointwise second‐order maximum principle for optimal stochastic controls of general mean‐field type
Authors: Boukaf Samira , Korichi Fatiha , Hafayed Mokhtar , Palanisamy Muthukumar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we establish a second‐order stochastic maximum principle for optimal stochastic control of stochastic differential equations of general mean‐field type. The coefficients of the system are nonlinear and depend on the state process as well as of its probability law. The control variable is allowed to enter into both drift and diffusion terms. We establish a set of second‐order necessary conditions for the optimal control in integral form. The control domain is assumed to be convex. The proof of our main result is based on the first‐ and second‐order derivatives with respect to the probability law and by using a convex perturbation with some appropriate estimates.
Differential rotation in compact objects with hyperons and delta isobars
Authors: Farrell Delaney , Weber Fridolin , Li Jia Jie , Sedrakian Armen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNeutron stars may experience differential rotation on short, dynamical timescales following extreme astrophysical events like binary neutron star mergers. In this work, the masses and radii of differentially rotating neutron star models are computed. We employ a set of equations of states for dense hypernuclear and ‐admixed‐hypernuclear matter obtained within the framework of CDF theory in the relativistic Hartree‐Fock (RHF) approximation. Results are shown for varying meson‐ couplings, or equivalently the ‐potential in nuclear matter. A comparison of our results with those obtained for nonrotating stars shows that the maximum mass difference between differentially rotating and static stars is independent of the underlying particle composition of the star. We further find that the decrease in the radii and increase in the maximum masses of stellar models when ‐isobars are added to hyperonuclear matter (as initially observed for static and uniformly rotating stars) persist also in the case of differentially rotating neutron stars.
Tübbinggroßversuche mit optimierter Krafteinleitung
Authors: Kühbacher Manuel , Evangelatos Alexandros , Galler Robert 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBeim Tunnelbau mittels geschildeter Vortriebsmaschinen dienen Tübbinge zur Sicherung des Hohlraums. Es ist daher unerlässlich, Kenntnis über deren statische Tragfähigkeit und Verhalten bei Belastung vorweisen zu können. Die einzelnen Tübbinge bilden im eingebauten Zustand einen Ring aus, auf welchen die unterschiedlichsten Belastungen aus dem umliegenden Gebirge einwirken. Für die an der Montanuniversität Leoben durchgeführten Großversuche im Realmaßstab wurde eine kombinierte Krafteinleitung nachgebildet, um eine realistische Belastung eines Tübbings zu simulieren. Um die aus dem Ringschluss resultierenden Normalkräfte im Querschnitt hervorzurufen, wird eine Kraft in horizontaler Richtung aufgebracht. Bei Erreichen dieses Belastungsniveaus wird in weiterer Folge die Vertikalkraft bis zum Versagen des Bauteils gesteigert, wobei die horizontale Einspannung konstant gehalten wird. Aufgrund der spezifischen Tübbinggeometrie ist während des Einleitens der Horizontalkraft auch gleichzeitig eine Vertikalkraft notwendig, um ein Ausknicken des Tübbings zu verhindern. Diese erforderliche Kraft kann mit einer numerischen Simulation oder alternativ dazu mittels herkömmlicher statischer Berechnung in vereinfachter Form ermittelt werden, welche in der vorliegenden Arbeit aufgezeigt wird. Es werden unterschiedliche Überlegungen dazu aufgezeigt und anschließend gegenübergestellt.
Process Parameters Influence Product Yield and Kinetic Parameters in Lipase Catalysis
Authors: Bose Abir Lal , Bhattacharjee Debapriya , Goswami Debajyoti 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEffects of process parameters like enzyme concentration, concentration and type of substrate, pH, temperature, speed of agitation, and pressure on lipase catalysis are reviewed. The enzyme concentration controls its interfacial presence and consequently the rate of reaction. A change in substrate concentration alters lipase kinetics. Substrate‐lipase interaction varies with substrate type and pH. Water concentration and agitation affect the extent of interfacial area. Temperature impacts the rate and thermal denaturation of enzymes. Statistical optimization can solve the problem of controlling a variable's effect by other variables. Immobilization support and nonionic surfactant altered the significance of enzyme concentration. The lipase type controlled the impact of concentrations of enzyme, substrate, and water. The water content was important during lipase‐catalyzed hydrolysis and esterification. The mode of agitation influenced the significance of enzyme concentration and temperature. Time had a remarkable impact during hydrolysis. Temperature, substrate type, and chain length notably controlled kinetic parameters. This work paves the way for similar studies on other enzymes.
Structural changes and product distribution of typical Xinjiang coals and chars during pyrolysis
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Fu Wen , Wang Haibin , Cai Junzhe , Zhang Jiayu , Tao Zhicheng , Li Li , Wang Xuefeng , Hua Ye , Bai Xiaowei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study used micro‐Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector/thermal conductivity detector (GC–FID/TCD) to analyze the structure and pyrolysis reactions of nine typical coals and chars from Xinjiang. The study fitted 10 Gaussian bands of typical Xinjiang coal and investigated the changes in coal structure during coalification and pyrolysis. The results indicated that the reduction degree of CO structures in coal during coalification had a rough linear relationship with the Vdaf (dry ash‐free volatile matter) content. During coalification, the condensation of aromatic rings is accompanied by a continuous decrease of CO structures, while the contents of cross‐linking and substitution structures decrease persistently relative to the large aromatic ring structures. The influence of coal type on char yield for typical Xinjiang coal is within 15 wt.%; the influence on tar yield is within 8.5%, with a greater impact on the yield of alkanes and phenols in tar; the influence on CO yield in pyrolysis gas is within 6.3%. The relative content of large aromatic ring structures in coal is relatively stable during pyrolysis, while the relative content of small aromatic ring structures declines as coal transforms into char. The study inferred that small aromatic rings might decompose and transform into tar after pyrolysis reaction, which also resulted in a high selectivity of phenolic products in tar from most coal pyrolysis above 40%. This study revealed the structural changes and pyrolysis product distribution of nine typical coals and chars from Xinjiang, providing useful information for their utilization.
The postnatal development of retinal projections in strepsirrhine galagos (Otolemur garnettii)
Authors: Liao Chia‐Chi , Gabi Mariana , Qi Hui‐Xin , Kaas Jon H. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHere, we describe the postnatal development of retinal projections in galagos. Galagos are of special interest as they represent the understudied strepsirrhine branch (galagos, pottos, lorises, and lemurs) of the primate radiations. The projections of both eyes were revealed in each galago by injecting red or green cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) tracers into different eyes of galagos ranging from postnatal day 5 to adult. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, the magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular layers were clearly labeled and identified by having inputs from the ipsilateral or contralateral eye at all ages. In the superficial layers of the superior colliculus, the terminations from the ipsilateral eye were just ventral to those from the contralateral eye at all ages. Other terminations at postnatal day 5 and later were in the pregeniculate nucleus, the accessory optic system, and the pretectum. As in other primates, a small retinal projection terminated in the posterior part of the pulvinar, which is known to project to the temporal visual cortex. This small projection from both eyes was most apparent on day 5 and absent in mature galagos. A similar reduction over postnatal maturation has been reported in marmosets, leading to the speculation that early retinal inputs to the pulvinar are responsible for the activation and early maturation of the middle temporal visual area, MT.
A ferroptosis‐related LncRNAs signature for predicting prognoses and screening potential therapeutic drugs in patients with lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Dong Jiaxin , Tao Tao , Yu Jiaao , Shan Huisi , Liu Ziyu , Zheng Guangzhao , Li Zhihong , Situ Wanyi , Zhu Xiao , Li Zesong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has a high mortality rate. Ferroptosis is linked to tumor initiation and progression.AimsThis study aims to develop prognostic models of ferroptosis‐related lncRNAs, evaluate the correlation between differentially expressed genes and tumor microenvironment, and identify prospective drugs for managing LUAD.Methods and ResultsIn this study, transcriptomic and clinical data were downloaded from the TCGA database, and ferroptosis‐related genes were obtained from the FerrDb database. Through correlation analysis, Cox analysis, and the LASSO algorithm for constructing a prognostic model, we found that ferroptosis‐related lncRNA‐based gene signatures (FLncSig) had a strong prognostic predicting ability in the LUAD patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichments reconfirmed that ferroptosis is related to receptor‐ligand activity, enzyme inhibitor activity, and the IL‐17 signaling pathway. Next, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithms, and pRRophetic were used to predict immunotherapy response and chemotherapy sensitivity. The IMvigor210 cohort was also used to validate the prognostic model. In the tumor microenvironment, Type_II_IFN_Response and HLA were found to be a group of low‐risk pathways, while MHC_class_I was a group of high‐risk pathways. Patients in the high‐risk subgroup had lower TIDE scores. Exclusion, MDSC, CAF, and TAMM2 were significantly and positively correlated with risk scores. In addition, we found 15 potential therapeutic drugs for LUAD. Finally, differential analysis of stemness index based on mRNA expression (mRNAsi) indicated that mRNAsi was correlated with gender, primary tumor (T), distant metastasis (M), and the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage in LUAD patients.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the prognostic model based on FLncSig can alleviate the difficulty in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy of LUAD patients. The identified FLncSig and the screened drugs exhibit potential for clinical application and provide references for the treatment of LUAD.
Overcrowding and separation estimates for the Coulomb gas
Authors: Thoma Eric 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe prove several results for the Coulomb gas in any dimension that follow from isotropic averaging, a transport method based on Newton's theorem. First, we prove a high‐density Jancovici–Lebowitz–Manificat law, extending the microscopic density bounds of Armstrong and Serfaty and establishing strictly sub‐Gaussian tails for charge excess in dimension 2. The existence of microscopic limiting point processes is proved at the edge of the droplet. Next, we prove optimal upper bounds on the ‐point correlation function for merging points, including a Wegner estimate for the Coulomb gas for . We prove the tightness of the properly rescaled th minimal particle gap, identifying the correct order in and a three term expansion in , as well as upper and lower tail estimates. In particular, we extend the two‐dimensional “perfect‐freezing regime” identified by Ameur and Romero to higher dimensions. Finally, we give positive charge discrepancy bounds which are state of the art near the droplet boundary and prove incompressibility of Laughlin states in the fractional quantum Hall effect, starting at large microscopic scales. Using rigidity for fluctuations of smooth linear statistics, we show how to upgrade positive discrepancy bounds to estimates on the absolute discrepancy in certain regions.
Assessing the osseointegration potential of a strontium releasing nanostructured titanium oxide surface: A biomechanical study in the rabbit tibia plateau model
Authors: Isler Sila Cagri , Bellon Benjamin , Foss Morten , Pippenger Benjamin , Stavropoulos Andreas , Andersen Ole Zoffmann 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the impact of a Ti‐Sr‐O technology, applied to either a turned surface or an SLA surface, on the mechanical robustness of osseointegration, benchmarked against the SLActive surface.Material and MethodsTi discs (6.25‐mm‐diameter and 2‐mm‐thick) with three different surfaces were inserted on the proximal‐anterior part of the tibial plateau of adult Swedish loop rabbits: (I) turned surface modified with Ti‐Sr‐O (turned + Ti‐Sr‐O), (II) SLA surface modified with Ti‐Sr‐O (SLA + Ti‐Sr‐O), and (III) SLActive surface (SLActive). Following a healing period of 2 weeks and 4 weeks, the pull‐out (PO) force needed to detach the discs from the bone was assessed, as a surrogate of osseointegration.ResultsThe SLActive surface exhibited statistically significant higher median PO forces, compared with the SLA + Ti‐Sr‐O surfaces at both 2‐ and 4 weeks post‐op (p > .05). In this study, no single turned + Ti‐Sr‐O surface disk was integrated.ConclusionsThe tested Ti‐Sr‐O technology failed to enhance osseointegration; however, this finding may be related to the inappropriateness of the rabbit tibia plateau model for assessing third‐generation implant surface technologies, due to the limited diffusion and clearance at the disk‐bone interface.
Shear bond strength of the ceramic veneer to additively manufactured titanium
Authors: Svanborg P. , Le H. H. , Sigurðardóttir S. J. , Barkarmo S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the shear bond strength between the ceramic veneer and additively manufactured titanium with different surface treatments, and to compare with milled titanium. Also, to characterize the surface and the presence of an α‐case layer of additively manufactured and milled titanium.Material and MethodsSixty additively manufactured titanium grade 23, and 20 milled titanium grade 4 cylindrical specimens were divided into four groups based on surface treatments, air‐particle abrasion and grinding. After ceramic veneering half of each group were thermocycled. The bond strength was analyzed using a shear bond strength test. The surfaces were analyzed using interferometry and scanning electron microscopy.ResultsThe grinding procedure and air‐particle abrading pressure had no significant effect on the shear bond strength (p = .264 and p = .344). Thermocycling showed a tendency towards an effect but not significant (p = .052). The group with the highest air‐abrading pressure showed the highest surface roughness. No presence of an α‐case layer was detected in any of the groups.ConclusionAdditively manufactured titanium grade 23 may be veneered with ceramics without prior grinding of the surfaces.
Highly resilient 17‐level fault‐tolerant multilevel inverter topology with reduced capacitor size
Authors: Chappa Anilkumar , Gupta Shubhrata , Sahu Lalit Kumar , Gupta Krishna Kumar , Allamsetty Hemachander 
Published: December 2023

SummaryMultilevel inverters (MLIs) have recently drawn the huge attention of industry and academia since they are becoming a viable technology for a variety of applications. However, the risk of failure of the converter increases with the increasing number of component count for applications involving heavy duty and continuous operation. In this context, an asymmetrical source configured FT‐MLI (fault tolerant‐MLI) topology is investigated and developed with less number of device count and having the ability to withstand both OC (open‐circuit) and SC (short‐circuit) switch faults on single and multiple switches. The proposed architecture maintains the same output voltage levels and power in both pre‐ and post‐fault operations. In addition, a switching method is developed to reduce the capacitors' size by minimizing the voltage ripple. Furthermore, without the need for an external circuit, the voltage across the capacitors remains balanced in both pre‐ and post‐fault operations. The simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed asymmetrical FT‐MLI topology. Finally, a comparison of the proposed topology with the existing MLI topologies is shown to emphasize the benefits of the proposed system.
Exploring the impact of data curation criteria on the observed geographical distribution of mosses
Authors: Ronquillo Cristina , Stropp Juliana , Medina Nagore G. , Hortal Joaquin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiodiversity data records contain inaccuracies and biases. To overcome this limitation and establish robust geographic patterns, ecologists often curate records keeping those that are most suitable for their analyses. Yet, this choice is not straightforward and the outcome of the analysis may vary due to a trade‐off between data quality and volume. This problem is particularly recurrent for less‐studied groups with patchy sampling effort. The latitudinal pattern of mosses richness remains inconsistent across studies and these may emerge purely from sampling artefacts. Our main objective here is to assess the effect of different curation criteria on this spatial pattern in the Temperate Northern Hemisphere (above 20° latitude). We contrasted the geographical distribution of moss species records and the latitude‐species richness relation obtained under different data curation scenarios. These scenarios comprehend five sources of taxonomical standardisations and eight data cleaning filters. The analyses are based on the selection of well‐surveyed cells at 100 km cell resolution. The application of some ‘data curation scenarios’ severely affects the number of records selected for analysis and substantially changes the proportion of richness per cell. The sensitivity to data curation becomes detectable at regional and at the cell scales showing a large shift in the latitudinal richness peak in Europe, from 60° N to 45° N latitude, when only preserved specimens are selected and duplicates based on date of collection and coordinates are excluded. Our results stress the importance of justifying the criteria used for filtering biodiversity data retrieved from biodiversity databases to avoid detecting misleading patterns. Curating records under particular criteria compromises the information in some areas displaying different spatial information of mosses. This problem can be ameliorated if data filtering is combined with identifying well‐surveyed cells, render relatively constant results under different combinations of filtering even for less well‐known groups such as mosses.