bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FC‐13  Molecular markers in canine T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Pavlidou E. , Mechelli L. , Valli V. E. , Furlanello T. , Caldin M. 
Published: August 2004

The objectives of this study were to review and correlate results of the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical features of different types of canine T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) according to the World Health Organization Classification of 2002. Further, we intended to define criteria for the diagnosis of these distinct clinicopathologic entities and to determine the prevalence of molecular markers of therapeutic efficacy and thereby prognosis. Skin samples of 10 cases of cutaneous canine lymphoma were evaluated as follows: histological preparations utilizing H&E, immunohistochemistry for CD3 and CD79α, and retinoid acid receptors for RAR and RXR isomers. Results of these examinations were correlated with available clinical data. The diagnoses included: mycosis fungoides (five cases), pagetoid reticulosis (three cases), and nonepitheliotropic type (two cases). All cases were CD3+CD79α–, RARα+, RXRα+, RXRγ+; nine cases were RARβ+; and nine were RXRβ+. The presence of RARγ was not detected. CD3 positivity demonstrated T‐cell lineage. Differentiation of these three types of CTCL requires careful histological and cytological review as well as immunohistochemical evaluation. Clinically, nonepitheliotropic types often present with diffuse or multifocal cutaneous involvement; epitheliotropic types are less well defined and signs vary with stage of the disease. The presence of retinoid receptors suggests that, as in humans, the use of specific ligands may be effective in the treatment of canine cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas. Further updating of the World Health Organization system is required to better define the characteristic features of canine CTCL to permit more accurate diagnosis and prognosis, and thus effective treatment. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐14  Clonality studies of feline cutaneous lymphocytosis
Authors: Gilbert S. , Affolter V. K. , Schmidt P. , Kosten S. , Kramme P. M. , Gross T. L. , Ihrke P. , Moore P. F. 
Published: August 2004

A previous study described cutaneous lymphocytosis (CL) in 23 cats. The process resembles cutaneous pseudolymphoma in humans, a heterogeneous group of benign reactive proliferations of well‐differentiated lymphocytes in the skin of humans. Morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics do not offer reliable criteria to accurately predict the clinical outcome of feline CL or pseudolymphoma in humans. Presence of clonal cell populations is more consistent with a neoplastic process. In a previous study, feline CL lesions (20 cats) were evaluated for clonality using PCR, and only two cats had monoclonal T‐cell populations. Because false‐negative results may occur, the purpose of this study was to repeat the PCR using a revised primer set based on analysis of additional feline T‐cell receptor γ (TCRγ) sequences. DNA was isolated from 29 skin lesions and six internal organs of 20 cats. DNA integrity was assessed by glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase PCR. Polymerase chain reaction clonality was performed using the revised primer set specific for feline TCRγ, and duplicate samples were evaluated. The PCR products were assessed by heteroduplex analysis. Clonal rearrangement of TCRγ was detected in 14 cats (24 of 35 tissues: 21 of 29 skin lesions and three of six internal organs); eight of these cats are still alive and six were euthanized. Monoclonal populations were seen in three of five cats that had involvement of internal organs. These findings indicate that feline CL is best considered as a slowly progressive process which may be reactive, but often evolves into a low‐grade indolent lymphoma. Funding: George H. Muller Fund for Research in Dermatology.
FC‐15  Immunohistochemical detection of c‐kit in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours
Authors: Cadiergues M. C. , Degorce‐Rubiales F. , Abadie J. , Amardeilh M. , Delverdier M. 
Published: August 2004

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of c‐kit by mast cells in canine mast cell tumours (MCT) and to correlate this expression with the tumour grade. Cutaneous MCT from 60 dogs were graded histologically (Patnaik grading system), and immunohistochemical staining for c‐kit was performed. Evaluation criteria were the percentage of labelled cells, the homogeneous/mixed character, the intensity (0–3) and the location of labelling, either cell membrane or cytoplasmic (diffuse, granular, or near the nucleus). For grade I tumours (20 dogs), c‐kit expression was detected in 100%: 80% showed homogeneous labelling, and 90% contained 80–100% labelled mast cells. Labelling was detected on the cell membrane (65%) and near the nucleus (75%). For grade II tumours (20 dogs), c‐kit expression was detected in 100%: 61% showed homogeneous labelling and 96% contained 80–100% labelled mast cells. Labelling was detected on the cell membrane (74%) and close to the nucleus (74%). For grade III tumors (20 dogs), c‐kit expression was detected in 100%: 71% showed homogeneous labelling, 21% contained 10–50% labelled mast cells, 21% contained 50–80% labelled cells, and 54% contained 80–100% labelled cells. Most of the labelled cells had a poorly labelled membrane (75%), with labelling near the nucleus being undetectable or low in 50% of the tumours. Other cytoplasmic labelling was detected in 21% of the tumours (10% of grade I and 13% of grade II). Results suggest that c‐kit can be used as a reliable marker for canine MCT, notably for undifferentiated MCT. Funding: National Veterinary School of Toulouse.
FC‐16  Clinical and immunological effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine on bovine papillomatosis
Authors: Avki S. , Turutoglu H. , Simsek A. , Unsal A. 
Published: August 2004

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has antineoplastic and immunostimulatory properties, and it is currently being clinically tested in anticancer therapy. In order to analyse the immunostimulatory effects of NDV on bovine papillomatosis, we inoculated 14 cows subcutaneously with an attenuated vaccine containing the LaSota strain of NDV (LS‐NDV). Four cows with papillomatosis served as controls. Serum samples were collected from each animal 1 h preinoculation and 7 and 21 days postinoculation. In inoculated cows on days 7 and 21, the mean antibody titres were log2 2.43 ± 0.92 and 5.57 ± 0.72, respectively, by haemagglutination inhibition, and the mean levels of TNFα were 5.80 ± 4.19 and 5.39 ± 2.66 ng/mL, respectively, by WEHI‐164 cytotoxicity assay. Significant differences between inoculated and control animals were evident for antibody titres on day 21 and clinical scores on day 60. A correlation was evident between the TNFα activities and clinical scores on day 21. The clinical observations at day 60 showed that the papillomas in five cows had completely resolved (36%), one animal had no alterations on clinical appearance of the tumour (7%), and papillomas in eight cows had regressed (57%). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that inoculation of LS‐NDV vaccine stimulates an antibody response and a limited increase in TNFα activity and may enhance clinical recovery in bovine papillomatosis. Funding: Scientific Research Council of Akdeniz University.
FC‐18  Pemphigus foliaceus in 97 dogs
Authors: Mueller R. S. , Krebs I. , Power H. T. , Fieseler K. V. 
Published: August 2004

Medical records of 97 dogs with pemphigus foliaceus were evaluated. The average age of onset was 6.3 years (range 0.5–16 years). Crusts were the most common lesions in 79 dogs; pustules were observed in 36 dogs. No gender predisposition was identified. The trunk was the most commonly involved area (51 dogs), followed by the inner pinnae (46), dorsal muzzle (37), footpads (32), periocular area (26), outer pinnae (23) and planum nasale (23). Facial involvement only was noted in 15 dogs. Of the 48 dogs in which cytology was recorded, concurrent infections were identified in 32 dogs, acantholytic cells were seen in 37 dogs, numerous neutrophils in 35 dogs, and numerous eosinophils in eight cases. Final control of the disease was achieved with: glucocorticoids (24 dogs); azathioprine (9); chlorambucil (1); aurothioglucose (1); a combination of glucocorticoids and azathioprine (31); glucocorticoids and aurothioglucose (2); tetracycline/doxycycline and niacinamide (8); prednisolone, tetracycline and niacinamide (1); fatty acid supplementation (2); and tacrolimus (1). One dog was completely tapered off drugs and stayed in remission. Average time to improvement was 6 weeks, and average time to remission was 9.3 months. Forty‐three dogs were followed for <12 months, and 12 of these were euthanized: eight for other diseases and four due to a lack of response or adverse effects of treatment. In 54 dogs, the follow up was >12 months; four of these dogs were euthanized (one due to an unrelated cause, one due to neoplastic disease and two related to pemphigus foliaceus). Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐19  Autoantibodies against extracellular domains of desmocollin 1 are not involved in canine pemphigus foliaceus
Authors: Aoki‐Ota M. , Ota T. , Kadoya M. , Sekiguchi M. , Momoi Y. , Amagai M. , Iwasaki T. 
Published: August 2004

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune skin disease of dogs and humans. In human PF, the autoimmune target has been identified as desmoglein (Dsg) 1, a desmosomal cell–cell adhesion molecule, whereas the target in canine PF has not been identified. Many studies have suggested the possibility of Dsg1 being the target molecule. However, the pathological characteristics are similar to those of SPD type IgA pemphigus in humans, the target molecule of which is desmocollin (Dsc) 1. In this study, we attempted to clone canine Dsc1 and investigated whether canine PF sera could recognize Dsc1. Total RNA was purified from the muzzle skin of a healthy dog, and the cDNA of Dsc1 was amplified by RT‐PCR. Sequence analysis showed that the open reading frame of the extracellular domain of Dsc1 consisted of 695 amino acids and shared 82 and 79% amino acid identities with human and mouse Dsc1, respectively. The recombinant extracellular domain of Dsc1 was expressed by transient transfection with CHO cells. We used six canine PF sera: four sera that were positive in the indirect immunofluorescence test, two sera that were negative, and two normal canine sera. Immunoprecipitation‐immunoblotting analysis revealed that no canine PF sera or normal sera showed affinity for recombinant Dsc1. Although the tested sera were limited, the results suggest that no autoantibodies against the extracellular domain of Dsc1 were involved in the pathogenesis of canine PF and that another cell surface molecule may be involved. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐20  Efficacy of griseofulvin for juvenile cellulitis in dogs
Authors: Shibata K. , Nagata M. 
Published: August 2004

Juvenile cellulitis is an uncommon idiopathic granulomatous and pustular disorder with submandibular lymph node involvement that usually occurs in puppies. Currently, large doses of glucocorticoids are the treatment of choice. Griseofulvin is a fungistatic antibiotic that also has immunomodulatory properties and is occasionally used in human patients with idiopathic inflammatory skin disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of griseofulvin in the treatment of juvenile cellulitis in dogs. Six dogs with juvenile cellulitis were investigated. The diagnosis was based on both clinical features and standard diagnostic procedures, and fungal disorders were carefully ruled out. These dogs were treated with griseofulvin (14.2–34 mg/kg orally, twice daily) without any other treatment. On the basis of clinical observation, the efficacy of griseofulvin was evaluated as excellent (complete resolution within 2 weeks), good (complete resolution within 4 weeks), fair (>4 weeks for complete resolution), and poor (unresolved). Two cases were evaluated as excellent, and four cases were good. All cases were completely resolved within 3 weeks. No adverse reactions were recognized in any of the dogs. In this study, griseofulvin appeared to be effective in the treatment of canine juvenile cellulitis. Although the aetiology remains uncertain, it is postulated that griseofulvin could induce down‐regulatory signals within the lesions. Further investigation is needed to understand the clinical effects of griseofulvin. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐21  Efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment for treatment of plantar fistulae in German shepherd dogs
Authors: Bergvall K. 
Published: August 2004

The objective of this open pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment for treatment of plantar fistulae in German shepherd dogs. Seven dogs (four males, three females) were included. All subjects had a 6‐month to 2‐year history of plantar fistulae involving the plantar aspect of two to four metatarsi/metacarpi. No other skin lesions were present and the dogs appeared otherwise healthy. Before treatment with tacrolimus, all dogs received antibiotics for 4–8 weeks. Hair was clipped to visualise the lesions. The presence of erythematous papules, oedema and fistulae was recorded for each foot. All dogs served as their own controls. Dogs with four legs involved had one front and one hind leg treated. Dogs with two to three feet affected had only one foot treated. Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment (Protopic®) was applied twice daily onto the site of lesions. Partial improvement of treated lesions was seen in all cases within 3 weeks. After 6 weeks, treated lesions were in complete remission in four dogs, while the other three subjects had palpable but invisible lesions. Signs had not improved on the untreated legs. Follow‐up varied between 4 months and 2 years. Lesion remission persisted in six dogs with the intermittent application of tacrolimus. Adverse effects of treatment were not seen. In conclusion, the application of topical tacrolimus seems to provide a safe and effective treatment option for plantar fistulae in German shepherd dogs. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐22  Doxycycline therapy in 10 cases of feline plasma cell pododermatitis: clinical, haematological and serological evaluations
Authors: Scarampella F. , Ordeix L. 
Published: August 2004

Various treatments have been described for feline plasma cell pododermatitis. Doxycycline has been reported recently as an effective medical option. Plasmacytic pododermatitis was diagnosed clinically and histopathologically in 10 cats. Blood samples for haematological, biochemical and immunological evaluation were taken before treatment. Cats were administered doxycycline at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day for 40 days and re‐evaluated at 30 and 60 days. Biochemical evaluation was repeated at both rechecks. All were Domestic Short‐haired cats, eight males (five neutered) and two females (one spayed), ranging in age from 6 months to 8 years. Duration of lesions prior to consultation ranged from 1 to 48 months. Lesions were present in multiple footpads in all cases and consisted of swelling and softening (100%), erythema (50%), exfoliation (60%) and ulceration (20%). Haematological and serological findings included: thrombocytopenia (70%), leucocytosis (40%), lymphopenia (30%), and mild to pronounced hypergammaglobulinaemia (100%). Four of nine cats were FIV positive, 9/9 were FeLV negative, and 4/4 were negative for leishmaniosis. Response to treatment was as follows: complete remission within 30 days (one cat), complete remission within 60 days (four cats), more than 50% improvement in lesions (four cats), no improvement (one cat), and lost to follow up (one cat). Hypergammaglobulinaemia was still present in five of nine cats at day 60. Therapy with doxycycline at 10 mg/kg/day resulted in a high improvement rate in cats with plasma cell pododermatitis. Thrombocytopenia, a previously unreported haematological finding, was detected in the majority of the cats. Funding: Italian Society of Veterinary Dermatology, Merial.
FC‐23  Feline plasma cell pododermatitis: a retrospective study of 26 cases
Authors: Guaguere E. , Prelaud P. , Degorce‐Rubiales F. , Muller A. , Hubert T. , Lebon S. 
Published: August 2004

Feline plasma cell pododermatitis is a rare dermatological condition exclusively described in cats. Our objective was to report a retrospective study of 26 cats with plasma cell pododermatitis. Neutered males were overrepresented (19 cases), and 25 cases were Domestic Short‐haired cats. Age at time of diagnosis was 6 months to 12 years. The primary complaint was painful lameness (22 cases), poor condition (two cases) or excessive salivation (two cases). Lesions were present primarily in the metatarsal and metacarpal footpads and rarely in the digital footpads. One, two or four feet were involved. Clinical signs included swelling (35 footpads), softening (36 footpads), exfoliation (19 footpads), ulcers (nine footpads) and abscesses (nine footpads). Two cats had plasma cell stomatitis, and general signs were observed in all cases. Sixteen cats were FIV positive and one cat was FeLV positive. Histopathological findings were characterized by a superficial and deep perivascular lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis (two cases), an almost pure diffuse plasmacytic dermatitis (15 cases, 10 FIV positive), a diffuse plasmacytic dermatitis with lymphocytes grouped in follicular structures (four cases, all FIV positive) and a granulomatous inflammation (five cases, one FIV positive). Plasmacytic infiltration was also observed in one FIV‐positive case within the kidneys, liver and lungs. Five cases were positive for FIV‐PCR performed from lesional skin biopsies. Two cats were euthanatized. Twenty‐four cats were treated by surgical excision with no relapse for 1–5 years. Feline plasma cell pododermatitis can be considered a cutaneous reaction pattern with multiple causes, and FIV infection may be a predisposing factor. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐24  Risk factors for atopic dermatitis in a Swedish population of insured dogs
Authors: Nødtvedt A. , Egenvall A. , Bergvall K. , Holm L. , Hedhammar Å. 
Published: August 2004

Studies into the epidemiology of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) are in great demand. Estimates of the prevalence and incidence of CAD are commonly based on hospital studies where no reference population is defined. Such studies tend to overestimate the disease frequency due to referral bias and a higher proportion of complicated cases at secondary care centres than in the general population. The aim of this paper was to present better estimates of the incidence of CAD. The Swedish dog population offers unique opportunities to study the epidemiology of CAD due to several characteristics: a large proportion of dogs are purebred, fleas and flea allergies are rare, and a secondary database of disease records is available through an insurance company that covers approximately 30% of all Swedish dogs. By accessing insurance‐claims records for the years 1995–2000, the true incidence rate of CAD was estimated as 10 cases per 10,000 dog years at risk. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence was the same across genders. Additionally, large differences in the risk of being diagnosed with CAD existed among breeds. In this study, breeds with the highest risk were the bull terrier (88 cases/10,000 dog years at risk), Staffordshire bull terrier (58/10,000), West Highland white terrier (51/10,000), Welsh terrier (50/10,000) and boxer (50/10,000). Decreased risk was observed among sighthounds; no cases were recorded among the Borzoi, Saluki and Whippet breeds. A proportional hazards (survival) model was developed in order to take sex, breed, age and geographical region into account in a multivariate analysis. Funding: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Foundation for Research.
FC‐25  A novel ulcerative nasal dermatitis of Bengal cats
Authors: Bergvall K. 
Published: August 2004

The purpose of this report was to describe a unique dermatitis affecting Bengal cats in Sweden. Forty‐eight Bengal cats were presented to DjurAkuten between 1999 and 2003. Six cats (four males and two females) exhibited a unique dermatosis characterized by fissures, crusts, erosions and ulcers limited to the nasal planum. No other skin or internal lesions were noted, except for a heart murmur in one cat. The age of onset varied between 4 months and 1 year. The skin disease did not appear to be contagious. Fungal cultures were negative in four subjects, and haematology and serum chemistry results were unremarkable in two cats. In one patient, histopathology revealed marked epidermal parakeratosis and crusting, and a moderate mononuclear and neutrophilic dermatitis with periadnexal plasma cells. Five cats were treated with antibiotics without noticeable improvement in nasal lesions. Prednisolone administration resulted in complete remission in one cat and partial, short‐term improvement of lesions in another. Topical application of salicylic acid improved lesions in one of two cats. Finally, tacrolimus ointment led to a rapid decrease in lesions in four patients. Follow‐up varied between 4 months and 3 years. One cat remained in complete remission with prednisolone, partial improvement was maintained in one cat with salicylic acid, and marked improvement of lesions persisted with topical tacrolimus in four patients. The cause of this unique dermatitis remains elusive. The occurrence of skin lesions in one breed suggests a heritable cause. The response of lesions to immunomodulators suggests of an immune pathogenesis. Funding: Self‐funded.
FC‐26  Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a Charolais calf with deficient expression of integrin α6β4
Authors: Guaguere E. , Berg K. , Degorce‐Rubiales F. , Spadafora A. , Meneguzzi G. 
Published: August 2004

Hereditary junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a rare mechanobullous disease associated with defective expression of the hemidesmosome/anchoring filament proteins laminin‐5, collagen XVII and integrin α6β4. The condition is characterized by extensive blistering of the skin caused by splitting of the lamina lucida of the basement membrane (BM) in the squamous epithelia and by extracutaneous manifestations. Congenital JEB has been sporadically reported in cattle, but the BM protein associated with the genetic defect has not been identified. We report a case of spontaneous JEB in a 2‐week‐old female Charolais calf. Clinical lesions observed at birth were acral, auricular and oral erosions and ulcers, and onychomadesis of the four feet. General signs included anorexia, apathy, emaciation and marked cutaneous pain that justified rapid euthanasia. Histopathological examination revealed a dermo‐epidermal separation of the BM zone without keratinocyte cytolysis. Antigen immunomapping of frozen skin sections using antibodies to the major components of the human cutaneous BM revealed an intralamina lucida cleavage of the skin, which confirmed the diagnosis of JEB. In skin samples from the affected calf and wild type controls, the immunoreactivity of laminin‐5 and collagen XVII was comparable, while expression of integrin α6β4 was strongly reduced in the proband. These are the first results identifying itgα6 and itgβ4 as the candidate genes affecting cattle in JEB. They also suggest that altered expression of integrin α6β4 in ruminants is not associated with pyloric atresia – a complication always observed in humans suffering from altered synthesis of integrin α6β4. Funding: Self‐funded.