bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and epidemiological profile of hemophilia in Cuba based on the National Registry of Congenital Coagulopathies. First report
Authors: González Dunia de la Caridad Castillo , Ferrer Roberto Lardoeyt , Sojo César Valdés , Caraballoso Marta Beatriz García , Caballero Isabel María Osorio , Hernández Tamara Cedré , Durand Alina Pardo , Beyries Lidia Clara Suárez , Álvarez Haron Fernández , Zulueta Anmisadays Galarraga , Jorge Belkis Lázara Rodríguez , Águila Julio Dámaso Fernández , Abrantes Ariel Raúl Aragón , Zubiaurre Ana Margarita Palmero , Matos Gloritza Rodríguez , Toro María Josefa Plá del , Morán Orlando Olivera , Morales Osvaldo Nuñez , Cabrera Yicenia Díaz , Rivero Rogelio Pérez , Vives Yenilet Escalona , Rodríguez Gertrudis Rodríguez , Betancourt Nodalis Querol , Fernández Coralia Cristina Leblanch , Chávez Ángel Miguel Almirall 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aims
The objective of the study was the description of the hemophilia in Cuba and to observe the relationship between clinical parameters and inhibitors.
Methods
Cross-sectional study of the clinical characterization of hemophilia in Cuba based on the National Registry of Congenital Coagulopathies.The main variables obtained were place of residence, type of hemophilia, levels of functional activity, age and age at diagnosis, skin color, family history, degree of response to inhibitors.
Results
The total number of subjects included was 496; statistically significant differences were founded showing a lower age for moderate patients compared to severe and mild patients. Mean difference for severe vs moderate patients 7.54 (95%CI 3.14–11.95), p < 0.0001. The number of subjects with inhibitors was 35 (8.5%). There was no statistical significance between age range and the presence of inhibitors, but differences were observed when age was analyzed as continuous variable p < 0.05 (inverse relation between age and inhibitors). For severity, statistical significance was observed in relation to the presence of inhibitors p < 0.05.
Conclusions
Our study showed a high percentage of subjects diagnosed in the first year of life, mainly severe cases, which implies the use of management tools adapted to the needs of patients from the very beginning, as well as continuous monitoring with treatment alternatives according to individual aspects.
A causal relationship between smoking and risk of prostatitis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Xiao Hong , Ding Yilang , Zhou Huiliang , Tang Songxi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Although observational studies have identified an association between smoking and prostatitis, the causal relationship between the two factors remains uncertain. To clarify this association, we used the Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) method. We obtained exposure and outcome data from publicly available databases. To assess the association between smoking and the risk of prostatitis, we employed multiple statistical approaches, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and sample mode. To minimize bias, we conducted Cochran's Q test, generated a funnel plot, utilized MR-Egger analysis, employed the Leave-one-out method, and performed the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test. Based on our TSMR analysis, we found a significant positive correlation between smoking and the risk of prostatitis (OR = 2.26, p-value = 0.019). Furthermore, we observed no heterogeneity in the study as indicated by the Cochran Q-test (p = 0.533 for MR-Egger; p = 0.650 for IVW). Additionally, there was no conclusive evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. Overall, our TSMR analysis provides strong supportive evidence for a causal relationship between smoking and an increased risk of prostatitis. Quitting smoking may reduce the damage caused by smoking to the prostate. This study provides a new mindset for the management of prostatitis.
Study on the microcrystal cellulose and the derived 2D graphene and graphene microcrystal
Authors: Long Si-Yu , Liu Jin-Lei , Zhou Ling-Qiang , Lv Wen-Da , Xian Xue-Quan , Tang Pei-Duo , Du Qi-Shi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Microcrystal cellulose (MCC) is a green and sustainable resource that widely exists in various lignocellulose species in percentage 10–30%. The fine powder of MCC is often discarded in industrial productions that use lignocellulose as feedstock. The crystal structure of two types of MCC (sugarcane pith and bamboo pith) and their derived carbon materials are studied, and the key findings are summarized as follows. (1) In the MCC refined from sugarcane pith, there are large amount of cellulose 2D crystal, which can be converted to valuable 2D graphene crystal. (2) In the MCC refined from bamboo pith there are large amount of amorphous microcrystal cellulose, which can be converted to soft and elastic graphene microcrystal (GMC). (3) The 2D cellulose in MCC of sugarcane pith has large surface area and is easily to be degraded to sugars by acid-base hydrolysis reaction, which can be carbonized to Fullerenes-like carbon spheres. (4) The crystal structures of MCC derived carbon materials are strongly impacted by the crystal structures of MCC, and the carbonization reaction of MCC follows “in situ carbonization” and “nearby recombination” mechanism. In general, the results from this study may open a new way for value-added applications of microcrystal cellulose.
Are You Asking GPT-4 Medical Questions Properly? - Prompt Engineering in Consistency and Reliability with Evidence-Based Guidelines for ChatGPT-4: A Pilot Study
Authors: Li Jian , Wang Li , Chen Xi , Deng XiangWen , Wen Hao , You Mingke , Liu Weizhi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
GPT-4 is a newly developed large language model that has been preliminarily applied in the medical field. However, GPT-4’s relevant theoretical knowledge of computer science has not been effectively transferred to the medical field.
Objective
To explore the application of prompt engineering in GPT-4 and to examine the reliability of GPT-4.
Methods
Different styles of prompts were designed and used to ask GPT-4 questions about agreement with the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) osteoarthritis (OA) evidenced-based guidelines. Each question was asked 5 times. We compared the consistency with guidelines across different evidence levels for different prompts and assessed the reliability of different prompts by asking the same question 5 times.
Results
The ROT style had a significant performance for strong recommendations, with a total consistency of 77.5%, and showed steady performance at other levels of evidence compared to other prompts. The reliability of GPT-4 in different prompts was not stable (Fleiss kappa ranged from 0.334 to 0.525, and Kendall’s coefficient ranged from 0.701 to 0.814).
Conclusions
The application of prompt engineering could improve the performance of GPT-4 in medicine. The reliability of GPT-4 in answering medical questions is not clear, and further research is necessary.
Design and initial characterization of fabricated composite scaffold dHPCTM-HPE (decellularized human placental connective tissue matrix - human placental extract)
Authors: C Prathap Ganesh P , Abhaya Mayur , Misra Pallavi , J Meshack Santhosh Kumar , M Guruvigneshwari , B Joel Israel Daniel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The placenta, a prominent source of scaffolding material, has primarily been utilized in wound care. Enriched with numerous growth factors and extracellular matrix components, it holds the potential to create an exceptionally favorable environment for wound healing. The purpose of this study is to develop a combination product from placenta and evaluate the impact of processing method over bioactive molecules.
Methods
We developed a decellularized human placental connective tissue matrix (dHPCTM) and placental extract (HPE). These were combined in a 1:1 ratio to create a composite product known as dHPCTM-HPE. The fabricated products were obtained through processes involving homogenization, mechanical and chemical treatments, and freeze-drying. To ascertain the retention of structural and bioactive molecules within these products, we conducted quantification tests for amino acids, collagen, glycosamninoglycans, histological evaluation, porosity, and swelling ratio.
Results
The combined product, dHPCTM-HPE, exhibited superior biochemical and mechanical properties when compared to dHPCTM or HPE alone.
Conclusion
This combination shows promise for the treatment of chronic and deeper wounds where a single intervention is less likely to yield optimal results.
Outcomes of Hemodialysis Patients in Public Centres in Abidjan from September 2018 to October 2021: Data from the Renal Registry of Cote D'ivoire
Authors: Diopoh Sery Patrick , Konan Serge Didier , Kanganga Arthur , Ouattara Kolo Claude , Kouadio Marie Dominique , Moudachirou Mohamed Alex , Yao Kouamé Hubert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background : Hemodialysis is the most widely used of renal replacement therapy in developing countries such as Cote d'Ivoire.
Objective : To study the outcome of chronic hemodialysis patients in public centres in Abidjan using data from the Renal Registry of Cote d'Ivoire (2RCI).
Method : This was a prospective analytical cohort study of End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) patients undergoing iterative hemodialysis in the network of public hemodialysis centres in Abidjan and who had been registered in the 2RCI register by September 2018.
Results : Our study involved 363 cases out of 379 patients registered in the 2RCI registry database in 2018. The mean age of the patients was 47.3±12.1 years, with a male predominance (sex ratio 1.97). In 70.24% of cases, they had no health insurance. The average duration of dialysis for our patients was 6.94 ± 4.1 years, with extremes of 2 and 28 years. This duration was less than 5 years in 44.3% of cases, between 6 and 10 years in 42.9% and more than 10 years in 12.6% of cases. The comorbidities found were hypertension in 95.6% of cases, diabetes in 7.8% and HIV in 4.6%. Anaemia was found in 68% of cases and stroke in 8.6%. During the study period, 161 deaths were observed, representing a mortality rate of 44.35%. Acute lung oedema (29.8%), stroke (6.8%) and other cardiovascular diseases (19.3%) were the main causes of death. In multivariate analysis, factors such as age ≥ 65 years (HR = 3.66; CI 95% =1.55-8.67; p=0.003), "married/coupled" status (HR = 2.02; CI 95% =1.24-3.31; p=0.005) and normal weight at the start of dialysis (OR = 9.59, CI95% = 4.19-21.95; p=0.001) were associated with the risk of death.
Conclusion : Hemodialysis is performed in Abidjan on young patients. The mortality rate after three years of dialysis is very high. Hence the need to pursue the policy of decentralising public centres and optimising access to dialysis in terms of quality and quantity in order to improve patient survival.
Directed acyclic graphs approach in epidemiological research: an example with NHANES II data on the relationship between skin color and heart attack
Authors: Menezes-Júnior Luiz Antônio Alves , Barbosa Bruna Carolina Rafael , Oliveira Wanessa Cecília , Vidigal Mariana Cassemira Aparecida , Parajára Magda do Carmo , Bouzada Deisyane Fumian , Oliveira Taciana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Statistical methods are essential in epidemiology research, but they can generate erroneous estimates when selecting variables based only on statistical criteria. The use of directed acyclic graphs (DAG) helps to understand the causal relationships between variables and to avoid biases.
Objective: Compare the estimate of the effect of skin color on heart attack obtained from two data analysis techniques: a stepwise approach based on statistical criteria and a graphical approach based on causal criteria.
Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study using data from the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). The exposure variable was skin color (black or non-black) and the outcome was heart attack (yes or no). To identify the association between the variables, multivariate logistic regressions were carried out using the stepwise technique and the DAG-based approach. In the stepwise technique, all variables potentially related to the outcome were included in the model and a forward or backward algorithm was used. In the DAG-based approach, different possible causal models were developed between the variables, identifying confounding, mediation, and collision factors. The models were created considering self-rated health as a confounding or collider variable, and the modeling results were verified.
Results: A total of 10.351 adults were evaluated, the majority female (52.1%), aged 20 to 39 years (48.5%), and with non-black skin color (90.4%). The prevalence of heart attack was 3.0%, and 45% rated their health as good, fair or poor. Using different modeling techniques, no association was found between skin color and heart attack (p>0.05), except when self-rated health, a collider variable, was included in the models. In this case, there was an inverse and biased association between the two variables, indicating a collision bias (stepwise-backward-OR: 0.48; 95%CI: 0.33-0.70; stepwise-forward-OR: 0.64; 95%CI: 0.44-0.94).
Conclusion: Skin color was not associated with heart attack when controlling for appropriate confounding factors. However, when adjusting for self-rated health, a colliding variable, there was an inverse and distorted association between the two variables, indicating a collider bias. The DAG-based approach can avoid this bias by correctly identifying confounding factors and colliders.
The first child with mixed invasive pulmonary Mucor and Aspergillus infection: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Shifu , Yang Shangmin , Ma Jing , Zhang Chunyan , Li Zheng , Wang Mengyuan , Yu Wenwen , Liu Guohua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cases of mixed infections of Mucor and Aspergillus in the lungs of children have not been reported. Here, we successfully treated and reported the first case of pulmonary coinfection with invasive fungal species in a diabetic girl. The patient was initially treated with a voriconazole-based regimen, but the infection only worsened. Subsequently, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture and mNGS were performed, leading to the clear diagnosis of simultaneous pulmonary infection by Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus microsporum. Susceptibility testing revealed the resistance of the fungal strains to voriconazole. Therefore, we employed a combination of AmB liposomes and isaconazole to eradicate fungal infection effectively. This case demonstrates the significance of early and definitive identification of fungal pathogens, determination of effective antifungal medications, and timely administration of properly planned therapeutic regimens. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive review of 10 cases of pulmonary Mucor and Aspergillus mixed infection, summarizing their characteristics and identifying commonalities.
The Effect of Environmental Degradation and Climate on Dust in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Authors: Mohammadi Z , Rahimi Dariush , Najafi Mohammad Reza , Zakerinejad R 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Human activities and climate change have resulted in environmental degradation and increased environmental hazards globally. In Khuzestan province, such hazards have included droughts, heat waves, and dust storms occurring more frequently. To understand the factors contributing to the dust storms, this study evaluated changes in rainfall, air temperature maximum and minimum, and soil temperature (1985–2019), as well as land cover, land surface temperature, and water bodies in 2017(drought) and 2019 (wet year). The findings of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicate a reduction in annual water bodies, spring vegetation, and water bodies in the spring, summer, and autumn seasons. The increase in air and land surface temperature accounts for 95% of the variance in dust in the Khuzestan province. Field surveys suggest that various human activities such as hydro dam building, crude oil drilling, extracting crude oil wells in lagoons, changes in farmland use, and water transfer among water basins have intensified the phenomena in the region under study. To manage this critical issue more effectively, it is recommended to review and assess local policies regarding regional ecology and establish cooperative agreements with regional countries such as Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia which all experience similar natural disasters.
Automatic Welding-Robot Programming Based on PPR Models
Authors: Sarivan Ioan-Matei , Madsen Ole , Wæhrens Brian Vejrum 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a novel end-to-end approach for automatic welding-robot programming based on a product-process-resource (PPR) model, for one-of-a-kind manufacturing systems. For welding-robot programming to be possible, in a one-of-a-kind manufacturing system, a large range of information about the product is required e.g., customer requirements, product design features, manufacturing process parameters and resource capability. Traditionally, this information is processed and transferred along the manufacturing organisation’s value chain by using several stand-alone digital systems which require extensive human input and high skill to operate. A PPR model is proposed through this research as a platform for storing and processing the necessary information along the value chain seamlessly. This is achieved through the digital integration of CAD software tools compliant with the ISO 2553:2019 standard, and offline programming systems (OLP) for welding-robots. The PPR model enables the automatic programming of welding robots and drastically reduces human input. The applicability in manufacturing of the theoretical concept is demonstrated through technical implementations tested in laboratory and on the value chain of an engineering-to-order (ETO) industrial partner involved in the metal fabrication industry. The experiments were conducted by creating several products using the proposed artefact. Experiments show that automatic programming of welding robots can be achieved using PPR models, drastically reduce the human input necessary to obtain a welding-robot program, and drastically reduce the ETO product’s lead time.
Cell fate decision by a morphogen-transcription factor-chromatin modifier axis
Authors: Pei Duanqing , ming jin , Lin Lihui , wu linlin , Fang Shicai , huang tao , Fu Yu , liu dong , zhang wenhui , li chen , yang yongzheng , huang yi , Qin Yue , kuang junqi , huang xingnan , guo liman , Zhang Xiaofei , Liu Jing , Chen Jiekai , Zhao Chengchen , Wang Bo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Cell fate decision remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Embryogenesis provides a unique opportunity to analyse molecular details associated cell fate decisions. Works based on model organisms have provided a conceptual framework of genes that specify cell fate control, for example, transcription factors or TFs controlling processes from pluripotency to immunity1. How TFs specify cell fate remains unknown. Here we report that Sall4 relies on NuRD or nucleosome-remodeling and deacetylase complex to interpret BMP4 signal to decide cell fates in a well-controlled system in vitro. While NuRD complex cooperates with SALL4 to convert mouse embryonic fibroblast or MEFs to pluripotency, BMP4 diverts the same process to an alternative fate, PrE or primitive endoderm. Mechanistically, BMP4 signals the dissociation of Sall4 from NuRD physically to establish a gene regulatory network for PrE. Our results provide a conceptual framework to explore the rich landscapes of cell fate choices intrinsic to development in higher organisms involving morphogen-TF-chromatin modifier pathways.
Multi-Decade Land Cover/Land Use Dynamics and Future Predictions for Zambia: 2000 - 2030
Authors: Chisanga Charles Bwalya , Phiri Darius , Mubanga Kabwe Harnadih 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Accurate and up-to-date information on land use/land cover change (LULCC) is important in land use planning and natural resource management; however, in sub-Saharan Africa, detailed information on LULCC is still lacking. Therefore, this study assessed the dynamics of LULC change (2000–2020) and future projections (2020–2030) for Zambia. The 2000 and 2010 LULC maps were used to simulate the 2020 LULC scenario using Artificial Neural Network (Multi-layer Perception) algorithms in Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) plugin in QGIS 2.18.14. The 2010 and 2020 maps were used to predict the 2030 LULC classes. The reference 2020 and predicted 2020 LULC maps were used to validate the model. The validation between the predicted and observed 2020 LULC map, Kappa (loc) was 0.9869. The ANN-MLP simulated the 2020 LULC patterns successfully as indicated by the high accuracy level of more than 95%. LULC classes were predicted for 2030 using the 2010–2020 calibration period. The expected LULC types for 2030 revealed that built-up area will increase by 447.20 km2 (71.44%), while 327.80 km2 (0.73%) of cropland will be lost relative to 2020 LULC map. Dense forest (0.19%), grassland (0.85%) and bare land (1.37%) will reduce from 2020–2030. However, seasonally flooded, sparse forest, shrub land, wetland and water body will increase marginally. The largest LULC change is from forest into other LULC types. The insights from this study show that ANN-MLP can be used to predict LULCC, and that the generated information can be employed in land use planning at a national scale.
Efficacy of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise in the Improvement of Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors of Prehypertension Young Adults
Authors: Taiwo ABDULKAREEM , Okuneye RAFIU OLAOLUWA , Apalara FATAI AKINOLA 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The study investigated the efficacy of whole-body vibration exercise in the improvement of selected cardiometabolic risk factors of prehypertension young adults in Lagos State. The pretest-postest experimental research design was adopted for the study. 20 prehypertension young adults were purposively selected as participants for the study. The selected cardiometabolic risk factor variables are systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and resting heart rate. The participants were exposed to 15 minutes of whole-body vibration exercise three times a week for 8 weeks. The pretest measurement was taken before the commencement of the exercise intervention and the posttest measurement was recorded after 8 weeks of exercise intervention. T-test was used to compare the pretest and posttest values of each of the variables measured. Results reveal that there is a significant reduction in the posttest values when compared with the pretest values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate. The T-test analysis result showed that there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate. The result suggested that whole-body vibration exercise has the cardiovascular potential of improving systolic and diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate of prehypertension young adults.