bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taking the Clinical History
Authors: DeMyer William E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In an era of ever-increasing dependence upon technology, physicians are losing the basic skills of patient examination and taking the medical history. This book describes the scenario in which the physician sits down with a patient to elicit a medical history. For example, how to greet a patient, how to discover the patient's chief concern, how to elicit symptoms, how to manage feelings as the patient and physician interact, and how to choose topics to explore, and use the appropriate word selection, phrasing, and tone of voice. A good history leads to trust and rapport, and also to the determination of the best management of the patient’s condition. Dr. William DeMeyer, a well-known physician and author of the major text on the neurologic exam, describes how to take a medical history, and also explains the reasons why it is done in a particular way. The author reviews the actual questions that a health provider should ask and the responses to a patient’s answers. More importantly, the author describes how to listen to the patient’s real needs as a person, rather than just a repository of symptoms.
Privacy, the Setting, and the Apparel for an Optimum Clinical History
Authors: DeMyer William E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The circumstances for taking the history strongly affect the kind of information derived and the feeling tone produced. Without certain basic conditions, you lose any possibility of eliciting an optimal history. I advocate interviewing most adult patients in private. I start out by defending the necessity for privacy because many physicians ignore this rule. Although some patients do not require strict privacy, you do not know in advance when privacy may make a crucial difference (Petronio, 2002). First of all, the clinical history, by its very design, discloses the most personal and intimate details of the patient’s life. Compile all of the medical questions that you would not want to answer with your spouse, parent, or child present: “Are you sexually active and have you ever had a venereal disease?” or “How much alcohol do you drink?” or “Do you use street drugs?” Suppose the husband did not father the child brought in by a couple for examination but does not know this fact. Then, a family history taken with both persons present will produce wrong genetic information.
Medical Care and Insurance Markets
Authors: Powers Madison , Faden Ruth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Markets are a central pillar of almost every social structure throughout the modern world, especially since the end of the Cold War. Official ideologies may cling to contrary views, or markets in underdeveloped nations may not resemble the complexity and sophistication of mature markets, but markets do play a prominent role almost everywhere. International organizations such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund often condition loan guarantees to developing nations on commitments to increase their reliance upon private markets as an alternative to state-owned industries and public welfare programs. Many developed industrial nations that have relied upon public programs for provision of health and other social services are considering or have embarked upon policies that introduce market mechanisms into areas where markets have not played a major role in the past. Supply-side restrictions of services by managed care organizations and user fees (co-payments) for medical care that once were available without cost to the individual are becoming more common in developed and developing nations alike.
Setting Priorities
Authors: Powers Madison , Faden Ruth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The need for priority setting arises whenever there are ‘‘tragic choices.’’ Tragic choices involve either decisions about whom to benefit when available resources are not sufficient to meet the needs of all claimants or decisions about what beneficial goods and services to produce when resources are not sufficient to produce everything of benefit. There is, of course, no need for devising priority-setting criteria or principles when such decisions are made by individuals in the market. However, when markets cannot or should not be relied upon, decision makers need some guidance for making just decisions about the production or distribution of limited resources.
Commentators disagree on whether any philosophical theory of justice can offer much practical guidance, especially in a vast middle range of cases involving, for example, the choice between two therapies or between two public health interventions. At one end of the spectrum, there are those who express considerable confidence that a determinate ranking order can be achieved by use of certain formal economic methods. Chief among those methods are cost-benefit analysis (CBA), cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), and cost-utility analysis (CUA).
Integrative Pediatric Palliative Care
Authors: Friedrichsdorf Stefan J , Kuttner Leora , Westendorp Krista , Mccarty Ruth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A dying child is often highly symptomatic, and providing symptom relief is one of the most compelling domains of pediatric palliative care. State of the art in managing pediatric pain and other distressing symptoms at the end of life requires integrating pharmacological with integrative therapeutic interventions.
In the Capital of the New Kingdom
Authors: Sapp Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Archaebacterial research programs got started in Germany right off the bat. They emerged from the study of bacterial walls led by Otto Kindler (b. 1920). Director of the Botanical Institute at the University of Munich, he was instrumental in the development of archaebacterial research and of 16S RNA phylogenetic more generally. He organized the first meeting on the archaebacteria in Munich in 1979; two years later he co-organized the first international workshop on the archaebacteria, and he edited the first book on the archaebacteria, based on that meeting. Kindler was also editor-in-chief of the journal Systematic and Applied Microbiology, which provided a forum for papers on microbial phylogeny. Kindler developed the archaebacterial concept from the perspective of cell wall structures, and he encouraged others in Germany to begin archaebacterial programs from other viewpoints. His former student Karl Stutter (b. 1941), together with Wolfram Zillah (1925’2005), launched an extensive archaebacterial research program based on molecular biology and natural history.
The Dawn Cell Controversy
Authors: Sapp Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The 1980s were heady times for bacterial phylogenetics. Comparative studies of 16S rRNA led to a breakthrough in deep phylogeny, and they provided crucial evidence for the bacterial descendents of mitochondria and chloroplasts. The archaebacterial concept illustrated how the direction of biological research in biochemistry, molecular genetics, and natural history could be profoundly affected by phylogenetic classification. It triggered the discovery of many organisms living in extreme habitats: new genera and even orders, unique lipids, walls, and variants of the genetic machinery. More than 50 researchers attended the “First International Workshop on the Archaebacteria’ in Munich in the summer of 1981.
Disputed Territories
Authors: Sapp Jan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The proposal of formal names for the three primary lineages earned the ire of those who insisted that the Achaea were nothing other than bacteria, properly classified as prokaryotes. The flercest opposition came from classical evolutionists. They wanted the term “Achaea” banished as misleading and erroneous. At the surface it might have appeared to be just another taxonomic debate, but underneath was a clash of world views. The rift was broad and deep—as great as one could imagine between biologists examining the two fundamentally different levels of organization: the morphological and the molecular.
The Oxford History of World Cinema
Authors: Ostler Rosemarie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
From its humble beginnings as a novelty in a handful of cities, cinema has risen to become a billion- dollar industry and the most spectacular and original contemporary art form. It has spread to all parts of the globe, and is enjoyed by audiences that cut across all sections of society. The Oxford History of World Cinema traces the history of this enduringly popular entertainment medium. Covering all aspects of its development, stars, studios, and cultural impact, the book celebrates and chronicles over one hundred years of diverse achievement from westerns to the New Wave, from animation to the Avant-Garde, and from Hollywood to Hong Kong. An international team of distinguished film historians tells the story of the major inventions and developments in the cinema business, its institutions, genres, and personnel; other chapters outline the evolution of national cinemas round the world - the varied and distinctive filmic traditions that have developed alongside Hollywood. A unique aspect of the book are the special inset features on the film-makers and personalities - Garbo and Godard, Keaton and Kurosawa, Bugs Bunny and Bergman - who have had an enduring impact in popular memory and cinematic lore. With over 300 illustrations, a full bibliography, and an extensive index, this is the buff's ultimate guide to cinema worldwide.
The Elements of Life
Authors: Wendorf Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this ambitious study, Richard Wendorf establishes the grounds of comparison between two arts that have often been linked in a casual way but whose historical interrelations remain almost completely unexplored. By focusing on the great age of English portraiture - from the arrival of Van Dyck to the publication of Boswell's Life of Johnson - the author shows that, despite their obvious differences, visual and verbal portraits often shared similar assumptions about the representation of historical character. Grounded in modern theory devoted to the comparison of literature and painting and to the problem of representation, this book examines each form of portraiture in terms of the other. Among those writers considered are Izaak Walton, John Evelyn, John Aubrey, Roger North, Goldsmith, Johnson, Mrs Piozzi, Boswell; among the artists are Van Dyck, Lely, Samuel Cooper, Jonathan Richardson, Hogarth and Reynolds. The careers of `double agents' (painters, like Richardson and Reynolds, who experimented with biographical writing) are also discussed. The Elements of Life is a ground-breaking critical history of biography and portrait-painting in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
A Bibliography of the Works of Samuel Johnson
Authors: Fleeman J D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Samuel Johnson is not only famous for his English Dictionary, and as the subject of Boswell's great biography; he was also the author of many different kinds of books - biographies, essays, literary criticism, poetry - and a regular though anonymous contributor to newspapers, magazines and to books by others. There was a little of the business of authors that he did not know, or about which he did not express a judgement. This bibliography by the distinguished Johnson scholar, the late J.D. Fleeman, records Johnson's literary output in chronological order, illuminating not only his multifarious writings but also the development of his career and reputation as a professional writer. It reveals the range of his work and the variety of his anonymous contributions (some of them first identified by Fleeman). Detailed analysis of the works examined sheds light on the practices of the 18th century book trade, and indentified editions, early and late, many of which are valuable and unjustly neglected. The bibliography also lists new editions up to 1984, the bicentenary of Johnson's death, charting the course of his posthumous literary reputation.
The Staging of Sophokles‘ Philoktetes and Aristophanes‘ Birds
Authors: Craik Elizabeth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A Simple common set served for all productions in the late fifth-century theatre: a stage faç de (skene) with a flat roof and a central door. But several plays are set in remote or rural regions where doors and roofs are inapposite. In such cases the dramatist verbally assists the process of visualization by stressing the nature of the terrain. Simple movable ‘flats‘ may have aided the imagination of the audience (cf. Arist. Po. 1449a18). For the modern critic, concerned with the relation of description to action (words of text to stage presentation), there are two fundamental questions, allied yet distinct: where, in the imagined locale, the characters seem to be set; and where, in the actual theatre, the actors are to be placed. It is here argued that in two plays where these questions have proved difficult the solution may lie in use of the skene roof to simulate a craggy landscape.
In the Background: Macrina and Naucratius
Authors: Elm Susanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Basil the Elder died sometime between the years 341 and 345. Predictably, his death had several profound consequences for the entire family, most noticeably of course for his widow. It was now Emmelia’s task to arrange marriages for her younger daughters and to ensure careers for her sons. However, once she had made all the necessary arrangements, nothing compelled her to remain in Neocaesarea, the late Basil’s professional seat. Together with her eldest daughter Macrina, Emmelia thus decided to transfer the household to their country estate.
Voices of Russian Literature
Authors: Laird Sally 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Voices of Russian Literature presents in-depth interviews with ten of the most interesting figures writing in Russian today. They range from established authors such as Fazil Iskander and Andrei Bitov, who began their careers in the post-Stalinist Thaw, to newcomers like Viktor Pelevin, hailed as one of the most original writers of the present era. It offers an insiders' account of the fate of Russian literature over the past four decades. Rather than cataloguing the opinions of 'dissidents' or 'defenders' of the former regime, it presents the views of artists who have sought, against the odds, to express their unique visions of a changing world. Each interview acquaints us with the author's distinctive voice and provides important insights into the genesis and interpretation of individual works. Sally Laird has prefaced the interviews with biographical and critical sketches of each writer, and her introductory essay sets the whole in historical context. Voices of Russian Literature will be fascinating reading for anyone interested in Russia's contemporary literary experience.
Making Music on the Organ
Authors: Hurford Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Making Music on the Organ has already established itself as an indispensable guide to the art of organ playing. It records the ideas which underpin Peter Hurford's performance and teaching and its chief concern, as the title indicates, is to show how to make music, rather than merely playing the notes, on this instrument. There is advice on the technical problems of performance, an explanation of the workings of the instrument, and chapters on interpretation, including, most usefully, reflections on the interpretation of Bach. This new paperback edition makes a number of textual amendments and additions, and includes three new appendices on the principles of good organ design, the swell-box, and the temperament. This title also appears in the Oxford General Books catalogue for Autumn 1990. Contents: Notes of Usage; Introduction; The Organists Place in Musical Performance; How the Organ Works; A Basic Physical Approach to the Organ; The technical Basis of Movement and Expression; Some Thoughts on Interpretation; Towards a grounding in Bach Interpretation; The French Classical School; Renaissance; Appendices; Reading List; Index of Works Cited; General Index.
Mensuration and Proportion Signs
Authors: Berger Anna Maria Busse 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the fourteenth century composers and theorists invented mensuration and proportion signs that allowed them increased flexibility and precision in notating a very wide range of rhythmic and metric relationships. The origin and interpretation of these signs is one of the least understood and most complex issues in music history. This study represents the first attempt to see the origin of musical mensuration and proportion signs in the context of other measuring systems of the fourteenth century. The author also traces the evolution of the mensural notational system to the threshold of the modern system of notation. In the process, the exact meaning of everyday mensuration and proportion sign encountered in music and theory from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century is analysed and elucidated. The investigation results in a revision of many currently held views concerning the significance and development of early time signatures and will be indispensable to scholars and performers of late medieval and Renaissance music.
The Treatises
Authors: Careri Enrico 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
AFTER the publication of his Op. V cello sonatas and Op. VII concertos (1747), and perhaps disappointed by their cool reception by the public, Geminiani devoted himself mainly to the writing of treatises and to making reworkings and transcriptions of his previous compositions. In the last fifteen years of his life between 1748 and 1762, he published as many as six treatises: the Rules for playing in a true Taste, Op. VIII (c.1748), A Treatise of Good Taste in the Art of Musick (1749), The Art of Playing on the Violin, Op. IX (1751), the Guida Armonica, Op. X (c.1752), The Art of Accompaniament, Op. XI (1754), and The Art of Playing the Guitar or Cittra (1760). According to Hawkins, a seventh treatise, which was apparently the work of many years, was stolen during his last period of residence in Dublin.
Hyperion
Authors: Moore Jerrold Northrop 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As Edward shaped his music, he followed his mother’s taste in literature. One favourite author was Longfellow, whose romantic idealism enjoyed world wide fame. Longfellow’s prose romance Hyperion made a particular appeal to Mrs Elgar and her elder son. It was the story, as Edward later recalled, ‘from which I, as a child, received my first idea of the great German nations’.
Berlioz
Authors: Macdonald Hugh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this comprehensive life-and-works study, Hugh Macdonald draws on Berlioz’s numerous writings - his Memoires, his critical articles, and his extensive correspondence, including many unpublished documents. Berlioz’s provincial upbringing, his enthusiasm for Parisian opera and theatre, his marriage to the actress Harriet Smithson, his activities as composer, critic, and conductor, are covered in a biographical section which concludes with a chapter on his character. Discussion of the music is chronological, from the time when Berlioz arrived in Paris in 1821 to study medicine, through the peak of French Romanticism in the 1830’s, to the compositions of his later years. In a final chapter Hugh Macdonald traces influences on Berlioz’s style and examines his treatment of melody, harmony, and rhythm, and his distinctive orchestral technique.
Beethoven
Authors: Kinderman William 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Set in the framework of Beethoven's life, William Kinderman's detailed examination traces the composer's intellectual and musical development, from the early works written in Bonn to the Ninth Symphony and the late quartets. Beethoven's innovations in form and style, his musical symbolism and narrative structures are illustrated in analyses of all the main works, showing that the deepening of his musical thought was a continuous process throughout his life. A fascinating portrait of both the man and his music; Kinderman also shows how Beethoven's response to the political and philosophical currents of his time is reflected in some of his greatest masterpieces.
Arvo Pӓrt
Authors: Hillier Paul 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The music of the Estonian-born composer Arvo Pärt is a unique and powerful voice in the contemporary world. Using a tonal idiom based on a mixture of scales and triads, Pärt created a style that he calls `tintinnabuli'. Listening to it, one is reminded of the passionate tranquillity of some Russian icon, or of certain memorable scenes in the films of Andrei Tarkovsky. In this book, the first full-length study of Pärt, Paul Hillier explores the tintinnabuli works in considerable depth. He also examines the music of Pärt's earlier, somewhat neglected serial period, and charts the composer's steady evolution towards the `abstract tonality' of his later years. In addition, a biographical chapter and discussion of topics such as Russian Orthodox spirituality, minimalism, and the influence of early music, combine to make this a substantial introduction to Pärt's music. Hillier also draws on his own experience of working with the composer to offer thoughts on various performance issues.
Songs for Masques and Plays
Authors: Spink Ian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As a member of the King’s Musick, Lawes must have been involved in most if not all the court masques of the 1630s. These were important events in the annual round of court life during the reign of Charles I, and it was as a place to perform them that Inigo Jones’s Banqueting House—still surviving with its wonderful Rubens ceiling—was built. Ironically, masques were discontinued in the hall from 1638 because of the threat to the ceiling posed by soot from the hundreds of candles that were required to illuminate these spectacles; a separate masquing hall was built, but within a few years there was no longer any need, for the court itself had ceased to exist.
A Chronology and Calendar of Documents Relating to the London Book Trade 1641-1700
Authors: Mckenzie D F , Bell Maureen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Chronology and Calendar of Documents relating to the London Book Trade 1641-1700 presents abstracts of documents relating to the book trade and book production between 1641 and 1700. It brings together in one sequence edited abstracts of entries referring to named books, printers, and booksellers selected from the manuscripts of the Stationers' Company Court Books; all references to printing, publishing, bookselling, and the book trade occurring in major historical printed sources(Calendar of State Papers Domestic; the Journals of the Houses of Lords and Commons; Reports of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts) ; and entries for contemporary pamphlets. The labour records of the printing and bookselling trades probably represent the fullest account of any work force in early modern England and the printed products of the trade survive in such great numbers that they enable us to examine them for evidence not only of who made and sold them but also of how they were made. These volumes constitute a reference work of importance not only for literature specialists, bibliographers, and historians of book production but also for economic, social, and political historians. Not only do they bring together records from a variety of separate printed sources, thereby making explicit their interconnections, but also they make accessible some less well-known manuscript sources, notably from the Stationers' Company archives. Most importantly the Chronology and Calendar extends the earlier work of Arber, Greg, and Jackson on the earlier seventeenth century. As a chronological sequence the volumes meet the need for a preliminary narrative history of the trade in the later seventeenth century; and the provision of title, name, and topic indexes renders this an indispensable reference tool for research into the social, political, and economic contexts of the book trade, its personnel, and its printed output.