bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Cocoa Crop Resilience in Ghana: The Application of Convolutional Neural Networks for Early Detection of Disease and Pest Infestations
Authors: Miracle Atianashie 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT: This study explores into the revolutionary integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), in combating cocoa disease and pest infestations in Ghana. As a significant stride towards sustainable agriculture and food security, the research explores AI's transformative impact on cocoa farming, a critical sector in Ghana's economy and the global chocolate supply. The use of CNNs has emerged as a potent tool for accurate disease and pest detection, offering a new era of efficiency and precision in agricultural practices. The research was strategically focused on the practical applications of AI and CNNs in identifying and managing cocoa plant diseases and pests in Ghana, avoiding overly technical dissections of AI mechanisms. It aimed to illuminate the tangible, on-the-ground impacts of this technology and the transformative advancements it brings to the agricultural sector, particularly in cocoa farming. The effort involved gathering up-to-date information on AI nuances, CNN specifics and applications, and the dynamics of cocoa disease and pest detection. The study's results highlight the profound potential of AI to augment productivity in the Ghanaian cocoa industry. CNNs have proven to be a powerful tool in analyzing and interpreting agricultural data, providing unprecedented insights into crop health and development. Furthermore, the capability of AI to enhance disease and pest detection has been recognized as critical in maintaining crop health and ensuring the sustainability of cocoa farming in the face of evolving challenges. The study underscores the potential of AI in safeguarding food security and highlights its role as a powerful ally in addressing agricultural challenges through technological innovation.

KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Disease and Pest Detection, Cocoa, CNNs, Ghana
Malay Gawra and his role in enhancing the awareness level in Kurdish society
Authors: Tayeb Jamal Fathulla 
Published: January 2024

الملا الكبیر (محمد جلیزادە) احدی العلماء المشهورین في كردستان ذاعت شهرتە كعبدالكریم المدرس فی جنوب كردستان و ناصر سبحاني في شرق كردستان، و سعید نورسی في شمال كردستان، هولاء لعبوا دورا ممیزا في تقدم المجتمع الكردي و خاصة في كتابة تفسير القران الكريم باللغة الكردية و الاصلاحات الدینیة، الفكریة و والاجتماعية. عندما اكمل الملا الكبیر الدراسة الدینیة، منح والدە الملا عبداللە الاجازة العلمية، نظرا لما یتمیز بە من الاراء الفكریة المختلفة وكان محل اعجاب ابناء أقرانه، لانە حارب الاسطورة والخرافیات وكذلك وقف ضد الشیوخ و الدراویش (التصوفیة الخرافیة) الذین استغلوا الدین لصالحهم دوما عن طریق اجرائاته وكتاباتة، وكذلك عن طریق الشعر، بذلك حاول نشر الوغي الفكري الانفتاحي في المجتمع الكردي.
پوختەمەلای گەورە (محەممەد جەلیزادە) یەكێك بووە لە مەلا دیار و بەرچاوەكانی كوردستان، كە هاوشێوەی مەلا عەبدولكەریمی مودەڕیس لە باشووری كوردستان و ناسر سوبحانی لە ڕۆژهەڵاتی كوردستان و سەعید نەورەسی لە باكووری كوردستان ناوی دەهێنرێت، كە دەور و ڕۆڵی كاریگەری لە پێشخستنی كۆمەڵگەی كوردی بینیوە، بەتایبەتی لە چاكسازی لە بواری ئایینی و هزریدا. مەلای گەورە، لە دوای پێگەیشتن و وەرگرتنی ئیجازەی مەلایەتی لە لایەن مەلا عەبدوڵڵای باوكییەوە، بە هۆی دید و ڕوانییە جیاوازەكانی بووە جێی سەرنجی خەڵكی كوردستان، چونكە لەو سەردەمە بە هەموو شێوەیەك دژی خورافیات و ئەفسانە بووە، هەروەها بە توندی لە دژی شێخ و دەروێشەكانی كۆمەڵگە وەستاوەتەوە، كە بەردەوام دینیان بۆ بەرژەوەندی خۆیان بەكارهێناوە، هەم لە ڕێگەی پەیام و نووسینەكانییەوە، هەمیش لە ڕێگەی شیعرەكانییەوە هەوڵیداوە كۆمەڵگەی كوردی هۆشیار بكاتەوە و بیر كراوە بن.
Exploring Trends and Advancements in Financial Distress Prediction Research: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Sethi Soumya Ranjan , Mahadik Dushyant Ashok , Bilolikar Rajkiran V. 
Published: January 2024

Due to the growing complexity and unpredictability of contemporary markets as evidenced by the financial crisis of the past ten years, the field of financial distress prediction (FDP) research is receiving more attention. For creditors, investors, and other stakeholders to make well-informed decisions on their financial relationships with a given entity, financial distress prediction is essential. This paper identified the risk indicators that are the cause of financial distress and latest tools and methods to predict financial distress with identifying the risk management strategies for eradicate the distress condition. In this context, this study explores the landscape of the literature published in this area. We have used systematic and bibliometric approach for studying the existing literature. For the study, we have collected articles from the Scopus database for the period 1985 to 2022. Science mapping technique has been used for the analysis data has been conducted with the help of Vosviewer and Biblioshiny software. Various important component of a literature review like most relevant authors, most relevant sources, keywords co-occurrence network, thematic analysis and others have been explored. The study will help the scholars and future researchers in getting a comprehensive understanding and insights in the concerned field and add to the existing body of literature.
Post-Colonial Allegory and the Empire of Rape
Authors: Tschofen Monique 
Published: January 2024

<p>[First para.]: "In her article entitled "The Angel of Progress: Pitfalls of the Term 'Post-Colonialism,'" Anne McClintock criticizes the term post-colonical for being "prematurely celebratory and obfuscatory" (298). The binary opposition of colonial/post-colonical, she argues, shifts theory away "from the binary axis of <em>power </em>(colonizer/colonized--itself inadequately nuanced, as in the case of women) to the binary axis of <em>time</em>, an axis even less productive of political nuance" (292). McClintock's article deals primarily with the military and political policies of nations that have been labelled post-colonial to reveal how the term cannot adequately account for the multiplicity of powers and histories that constitute these places. My emphasis here lies more with literature than with government policy, but like McClintock, I am leery of the celebratory tone of much post-colonial theory, and I am similarly interested in the political nuances that are often effaced by post-colonial discourse. How is resistance figured and reconfigured in post-colonial writing and theory, and what forms of power do these figurations disguise? What political nuances attend the intersection of the binaries of colonizer/colonized and male/female in post-colonial writing? How is post-colonial discourse inadequate when dealing with the nuances of feminist issues? These are some of the broad questions I wish to raise in this essay."</p>
Mobile Subjectivity and Micro-territories
Authors: Burwell Jennifer , Tschofen Monique 
Published: January 2024

<p> </p>
<p>[Introduction]: “The authors in the previous section examined some of the ways in which Egoyan has made representational technologies the central focus of much of his work, analyzing how his characters actively use, adapt, or transform media technology to manage their needs and desires, and considered some of the auratic and redemptive possibilities embedded in these mediations. The authors in this section explore the ways in which Egoyan’s and his family’s experiences of the Armenian diaspora have likewise been a central preoccupation. They argue that Egoyan’s works both overtly and covertly take up the question of what it means to be Armenian and to bear the heritage of what Marie-Aude Baronian calls the “legacies of denial and forgetting” surrounding the Armenian genocide. At the same time, they also consider how working through the complexities of his cultural origins has lead Egoyan to inquire into broader and more universal issues such as the social, political, and historical tensions, contradictions, and paradoxes characterizing the global historical experiences of displacement and deterritorialization.”</p>
Artifice and Artifact: Technology and the Performance of Identity
Authors: Tschofen Monique , Burwell Jennifer 
Published: January 2024

<p> </p>
<p>[Introduction]: “Atom Egoyan has said that the “containers we use to store experience” express as much meaning as the experiences themselves (Egoyan 2002). Indeed, in his highly self-reflexive work, audio and visual media technologies—tape recorders and complex musical structures, along with screens, cameras, mirrors, and other devices—drive both the plot and the characters within it, serving as arenas through which the characters can perform and act out their identities. In all his films and in his work in television, opera, and installation, we can see Egoyan establishing, directing, and recalling to us our relations to the act of viewing, even as he provides a commentary on his own use of these media technologies. What emerges from his particular attentiveness both to the formal qualities of media and to the manner in which this materiality acts on and is acted upon by subjective perceptions is a sustained exploration of a unique interplay of human desires, pathologies, compensations, and even redemptions in and through representational media. Egoyan’s ability to capture and engage the overdetermined ways in which technology “means” has made his work an important part of contemporary debates about the ways technological possibilities are intertwined with historically specific “structures of feeling” (Williams 1974). If his work ignited the attention of scholars like Paul Virilio and others interested in the relationship between media, forms of knowing, and modes of being, this might be because, as Jonathan Romney puts it, Egoyan is a leading contender for being the “most alluringly postmodern” filmmaker (2003, back cover). The authors in this section draw from a wide range of sources to reconsider Egoyan’s approach to technology, showing how his use of technological artifacts reflects and refracts his interest in existential and phenomenological questions as well as his understanding of the epistemological.”</p>
EFEKTIVITAS KOMBINASI ELECTROTHERAPY DAN CORE STABILITY EXERCISE PADA PASIEN LOW BACK PAIN MYOGENIC
Authors: Sampurno Adi , Pradita Angria , Efendi Arief , Fau Yohanes Deo 
Published: January 2024

Low back pain myogenic adalah salah satu gangguan muskuloskeletal yang diakibatkan karena spasme otot dan adanya ketidakseimbangan kinerja otot inti dan lumbopelvic sehingga terjadi nyeri dan keterbatasan aktifitas sehari-hari.Penatalaksanaan fisioterapi yang digunakan yaitu penggabungan electrotherapy dan core stability exercise (CSE) pada pasien low back pain myogenic.Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi electrotherapy dan core stability exercise dalam mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional pasien dengan low back pain myogenic. Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental pre-posttest design dengan responden 20 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi menggunakan teknik accidental sampling yang di laksanakan pada bulan Juni - Agustus 2023. Responden dilakukan pengukuran skala nyeri menggunakan NPRS (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) dan pengukuran aktifitas fungsional dengan Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan treatment fisioterapi,yakni; pemberian Microwave Dhiatermi, Transcutaneus Electrical Nerve Stimulation,dan Core Stability Exercise (CSE) setiap 2x seminggu selama 4 minggu. Menggunakan uji hipotesis Wilcoxon dengan hasil nilai median NPRS; (1) pre sebanyak 6,00 ; (2) post sebanyak 2,00 dan (3) nilai P sebanyak 0,00, sedangkan nilai Quebec; (1) pre sebanyak 25,50 ; (2) post sebanyak 7,50 dan (3) nilai P sebanyak 0,00. Maka dapat disimpulkan pemberian kombinasi electrotherapy dan Core Stability Exercise (CSE) efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri dan memperbaiki kapasitas fungsional pada kasus low back pain myogenic
Upaya Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Stunting bagi Masyarakat Pesisisr Sofifi
Authors: Yati Sri , Abubakar Ummuhani 
Published: January 2024

Indonesia termasuk dalam lima negara dengan jumlah kasus stunting tertinggi secara global. Meskipun angka stunting telah turun dari 37,2% pada 2013 menjadi 21,6% di tahun 2022, intervensi percepatan penurunan stunting yang terintegrasi harus terus dioptimalkan sesuai amanat Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN) 2020 – 2024. Dibutuhkan usaha keras dari semua pihak melalui kemitraan dan kolaborasi untuk mencapai target prevalensi stunting turun hingga 14% di tahun 2024. Data SSGI (Survei Status Gizi Indonesia) pada tahun 2022 menunjukkan angka stunting di Maluku Utara masih di atas angka nasional yaitu 26,1%. Untuk menurunkan angka stunting melalui peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat di wilayah kerja PKM Galala Kota Tidore Kepulauan maka perlu dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui program kemitraan masyarakat. Adapun tahapan metode/kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam program kemitraan masyarakat dalam rangka mencegah dan menangulani stunting yang kami lakukan terdiri dari: Pelatihan kader stunting yanga akan menemukan kasus stunting di lapangan, Penyuluhan pencegahan dan penanggulangan stunting pada masyarakat pesisir Sofifi, Pemeriksaan kesehatan, dan Skrining Tumbuh kembang, pemberian makanan tambahan tinggi kalori dan protein hewani bagi balita stunting, serta pemberian multivitamin dan mineral bagi balita stunting yang sudah terdata di wilayah kerja PKM Galala kota Tidore Kepulauan.Kegiatan ini memiliki target luaran agar dapat menurunkan angka stunting, meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam pencegahan dan penanggulangan stunting. Kegiatan ini juga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan luaran wajib dalam bentuk : artikel ilmiah yang terpublikasi di jurnal pengabdian masyarakat, publikasi di social media berupa video kegiatan yang diunggah ke youtube dan facebook. Serta kegiatan ini juga sebagai perwujudan IKU (Indeks Kinerja Utama) yang ke-6 di mana perguruan tinggi menjalani kolaborasi dengan mitra.
Artificial Intelligence: Increasing Business Profits at the Cost of Consumer Privacy
Authors: Bressler Martin S. , Bressler Mark 
Published: January 2024

Artificial Intelligence may be the most significant technological breakthrough since the development of computers. The promise of greater efficiency and effectiveness is very appealing, especially as that translates into more profitable businesses. The potential applications appear almost endless, crossing every industry and every form of business activity. The potential results cannot even be estimated.
Artificial Intelligence can assist in detecting misinformation, but it can also assist in spreading misinformation when faulty algorithms collect incorrect data. An example of this occurs when customer demographic data mixes information from consumers with the same names. Persons who frequently relocate may also be more likely to have faulty consumer data collected by business research companies. However, in our rush to be the first and the best, we must ask ourselves how much of our privacy we are willing to give up? In this paper, the authors examine this fascinating emerging technology with a preview of the technology’s business potential.
Perfil epidemiológico dos vírus respiratórios na pediatria do HUMAP-UFMS, em período pré e pós pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Kayano Talita Mayumi Alexandre , Bisol Andrea Helena Ernica , Pinto Leandro Carvalho 
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Descrever alterações do perfil epidemiológico dos vírus respiratórios na pediatria do HUMAP-UFMS pós pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, descritivo, com análise de dados relatados em prontuários e dados do setor de epidemiologia, referentes aos pacientes pediátricos (até 12 anos), de ambos os sexos, internados no pronto atendimento pediátrico do HUMAP no período entre 01 de Março de 2018 a 28 de Fevereiro de 2023. Os dados foram selecionados e colocados em planilha Apple de Numbers, versão 6.0. As variáveis categóricas foram expressas em frequência relativa (%) e absoluta (n), dispostas de modo descritivo, em gráficos e tabelas. Foi utilizado o software estatístico JAMOVI2.3.26. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 1326 registros de prontuários. A faixa etária mais prevalente foi de menores de 1 ano, predominando sexo masculino. Em geral, os agentes mais comuns foram vírus sincicial respiratório (VSR) e rinovírus. Internações em CTI também foram analisadas e estão relacionadas principalmente a faixa etária. Quanto ao período, observou-se que com a redução de medidas protetivas tomadas em período de pandemia, a fim de evitar disseminação de Sars-CoV-2, houve um aumento importante no número de internações na pediatria. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam maior incidência e gravidade de infecções respiratórias quanto menor a idade, em todos os períodos analisados. Evidenciam também que com as medidas tomadas durante pandemia houve mudança tanto no número de internações, como na gravidade dos quadros apresentados, reforçando a necessidade de maior investimento em diagnóstico, tratamento, manejo em geral de pacientes pediátricos com síndromes respiratórias.
Opening Pandora's box: caveats with using toolbox-based approaches in mathematical modeling in biology
Authors: Ganusov Vitaly V. 
Published: January 2024

Mathematical modeling is a powerful method to understand how biological systems work. By creating a mathematical model of a given phenomenon one can investigate which model assumptions are needed to explain the phenomenon and which assumptions can be omitted. Creating an appropriate mathematical model (or a set of models) for a given biological system is an art, and classical textbooks on mathematical modeling in biology go into great detail in discussing how mathematical models can be understood via analytical and numerical analyses. In the last few decades mathematical modeling in biology has grown in size and complexity, and along with this growth new tools for the analysis of mathematical models and/or comparing models to data have been proposed. Examples of tools include methods of sensitivity analyses, methods for comparing alternative models to data (based on AIC/BIC/etc.), and mixed-effect-based fitting of models to data. I argue that the use of many of these “toolbox” approaches for the analysis of mathematical models has negatively impacted the basic philosophical principle of the modeling—to understand what the model does and why it does what it does. I provide several examples of limitations of these toolbox-based approaches and how they hamper generation of insights about the system in question. I also argue that while we should learn new ways to automate mathematical modeling-based analyses of biological phenomena, we should aim beyond a mechanical use of such methods and bring back intuitive insights into model functioning, by remembering that after all, modeling is an art and not simply engineering.
“Getting something for nothing is impossible; there is always a price to pay.” Louis Gross.“There is not such a thing as a free lunch.”
The effect of surgeon experience and insertion speed on intracochlear pressures during in-vitro cochlear implantation
Authors: Crohan William , Tavora-Vieira Dayse , Voola Marcus , Acharya Aanand , Rajan Gunesh P. 
Published: January 2024

HypothesisThat increased insertion speed is associated with increased intracochlear pressure variation.BackgroundPreservation of residual hearing is an important goal of modern cochlear implant surgery. Many factors, including intracochlear pressure changes during insertion, are thought to be significant in the preservation of residual hearing through the reduction in intraoperative trauma to the cochlea.MethodsParticipants at a cochlear implantation hearing preservation workshop open to surgeons and audiologists were invited to participate in a challenge to insert a cochlear implant electrode into an in-vitro model of a cochlea. Intracochlear pressure variation was measured as a surrogate marker for intracochlear trauma against insertion speed, method of insertion, moisturization of the electrode, and participant experience.ResultsThe study demonstrated that the relative experience of a surgeon and the speed of insertion were significant for maximal intracochlear pressure variation. The more experienced participants were likely to demonstrate lower pressure variation, and a slower insertion on average produced significantly smaller pressure changes than faster insertions. No other variables were deemed significant for maximal intracochlear pressure variation.ConclusionSurgeon experience and speed of implant insertions were significant factors in the reduction of intracochlear pressure variation during cochlear implantation simulations
Enteric fever and the diagnostic tools: defining the accuracy
Authors: Diwaker Amita , Tiwari Ashutosh , Jain Shubham , Rupali Kumari Astha , Ram Jitendra , Singh Samer , Kishore Dhiraj 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionEnteric fever is widespread in many regions of developing countries. Despite low sensitivity, blood culture remains the gold standard diagnostic test for enteric fever. Diagnostic tests like Widal lack the desired specificity; hence, patients are overtreated many times. Inaccessibility to proper medical care in developing countries further poses a challenge to diagnosis by these conventional methods, promoting the needless intake of over-the-counter drugs by people. Although rapid kit-based tests are available, the reliability of these diagnostic tests in terms of specificity and sensitivity is quite variable. We aimed to validate the reliability of Typhipoint EIA (ELISA-based test) against blood clot nested PCR for enteric fever, as a gold standard, in view of the reported variable culture yield by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio.MethodsA total of 100 patients were included in the study out of 152 patients screened, based on the inclusion criteria. The clinical profile of provisional enteric fever was recorded along with the amplification of the DNA fragment of flagellin (H1-d), and the stkG gene of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A, respectively, by nested PCR performed on blood clots, urine, and stool samples. Further validation of the ELISA-based test, i.e., Typhipoint EIA, was done considering nested PCR as a gold standard. The control group consisted of 40 healthy subjects.ResultsNested PCR of the blood clots showed 84% positivity. Total culture positivity was found in 89 samples (combined), and among all samples for culture, clot culture was positive in 52 (52%), urine culture in 5 (5%), and stool culture in 32 (32%) cases. The total number of Typhipoint EIA IgM-positive cases was 83 (83%). The validation of Typhipoint EIA IgM showed 92.9% sensitivity and 68.8% specificity against blood clot PCR for Salmonella typhi.DiscussionThe Typhipoint EIA test for the diagnosis of enteric fever is quite sensitive as well as specific. It may be advised that two to three specific antigens of S. typhi should be spotted on the test kit for a satisfactory level of diagnosis of enteric fever in field conditions. This will help achieve the desired accuracy of the rapid test to avoid unnecessary antimicrobial therapy and costly investigations.