bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of different shaped pin‐fins on the flow and heat transfer in the internal cooling structure of gas turbine blades trailing edges
Authors: Shen Zhibo , Li Yang , Zhong Linjun , Su Wentao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this work, the focus is on investigating the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics within the internal cooling passages at the trailing edge of gas turbine blades. Heat transport and flow characteristics in a wedge‐shaped channel with a Reynolds number varying from 20,000 to 100,000 are examined numerically. This paper investigates the effect of cylindrical pin fins arranged in various layouts and shapes on the thermal properties of the trailing edge's internal cooling channels. The findings indicate that, regarding the shape of pin fins, the comprehensive heat transfer efficiency ranks from the highest to the lowest efficient as follows: elliptical pin fins, teardrop‐shaped pin fins, circular pin fins, as well as square pin fins. In terms of pin fin layout, circular inclined pin fins have a greater comprehensive heat transfer efficiency than circular pin fins. The comprehensive heat transfer efficiency of circular inclined pin fins is 8.9% higher than that of circular pin fins at a Reynolds number of 100,000. Despite having the highest heat transfer efficiency, square pin fins have the lowest comprehensive heat transfer efficiency when considering their maximum drag coefficient.
Aminocholestane and Aminoandrostane Inhibitors of the SH2 Domain‐Containing Inositol 5’‐Phosphatase (SHIP)
Authors: Pacherille Angela M. , Viernes Dennis R. , Pedicone Chiara , Fernandes Sandra , Dungan Otto M. , Dormann Shawn , Wallach Daniel R. , Sudan Raki , Brooks Robbie , Russo Christopher M. , Howard Kyle T. , Cosgrove Michael S. , Kerr William G. , Chisholm John D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe SH2‐containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP) has become an actively researched therapeutic target for a number of disorders, including Alzheimer's Disease, Graft‐vs‐Host disease, obesity and cancer. Analogs of the aminosteroid SHIP inhibitor 3α‐aminocholestane (3AC) have been synthesized and tested. Analogs with improved water solubility have been identified. Deletion of the C17 alkyl group from the cholestane skeleton improves water solubility, however these compounds inhibit both SHIP1 and SHIP2. Enzyme kinetics imply that these molecules are competitive inhibitors of SHIP, binding at a site near where the substrate binds to the phosphatase. A model of the binding of the inhibitors within the active site of SHIP1 is proposed to explain the structure activity studies. Overall this work provides more water soluble aminosteroid pan‐SHIP1/2 inhibitors that can be used for future studies of SHIP activity.
Innovative Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Hydroxyapatite: A Potential Adsorbent for Methyl Violet 6B Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Telli Mustafa Burak , Kutlu Tugkan , Bozbaş Seda Karayünlü , Şirin Aybuke , Ünügül Tuba 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, the use of nano Hydroxyapatite (HAp) adsorbent as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl violet 6B (MV 6B) dye from aqueous solution was investigated. Nano adsorbent characterization was carried out by X‐Ray Diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spot energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The dye removal study was carried out using the classical batch adsorption process. In addition, isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic adsorption studies were carried out for methyl violet 6B. In adsorption studies, the effects of initial dye concentration (10–40 mg/L), solution pH (2‐8), adsorbent dosage (0.5–2.5 mg) and contact time (15–90 min.) on dye removal were investigated. At dye concentration was 10 mg/L, adsorbent dosage was 1 mg, solution pH was 6, contact time was 30 min and ambient temperature 25 °C, the highest MV 6B removal was 95.86 % and 1200 mg/g adsorption capacity was obtained. As a result of adsorption isotherm and kinetic studies, it was observed that the adsorption values obtained from the models were compatible with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo‐second order kinetic model. According to the thermodynamic data obtained, it was determined that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.
Combining Ionic Groups with Methallyl Dichloride Coupling Delivers New Pathways to Ionic/Non‐Ionic Hybrid Detergents
Authors: Behnke Jan‐Simon , Zink Naomi , Schoelzel Carl J. M. , Beimdick Inga , Urner Leonhard Hagen , Wycisk Virginia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStrategies for combining ionic and non‐ionic functional groups are important for altering detergent properties and exploring new chemical spaces within the detergentome. Previous synthesis protocols for ionic/non‐ionic hybrid detergents require asymmetric detergent precursors with independently addressable hydroxyl groups that can be decorated with charged groups. However, preparation of ionic/non‐ionic headgroups can be tedious in terms of required synthesis steps and resource consumption. To address this challenge, here we explore if we can fuse ionic and non‐ionic groups directly with methallyl dichloride in the first step of detergent synthesis. While this delivers a simplified synthesis strategy for ionic/non‐ionic headgroups, we find functional groups for which the modification of asymmetric detergent precursors is still the only viable option to obtain related ionic/non‐ionic hybrid detergents. Because previously established debenzylation conditions limit overall yields for asymmetric detergent precursors, here we explore optimization strategies, including silyl protecting groups, ozonolysis‐hydrolysis, and hydrogenolysis. In summary, we establish a new synthesis route to ionic/non‐ionic hybrid detergents, deliver an optimized debenzylation protocol and obtain building blocks for bridged detergent architectures. Our findings facilitate the modular synthesis of hybrid detergents and expand the chemical space of detergents.
Curriculum guidelines for the development of student agency in secondary education: A systematic review
Authors: Schoots‐Snijder A. J. M. , Tigelaar E. H. , Admiraal W. F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTo prepare students for lifelong learning, and their role in society, student agency has been foregrounded as an important aim of secondary education. In general, student agency is seen as the will and skill to intentionally transform one's functioning or circumstances. Yet, research on promoting student agency in secondary education is based on a fragmented view of both agency and the curriculum. This study reviews 86 empirical articles to establish guidelines for a curriculum that supports student agency in secondary education. Using Bandura's framework for student agency and Van den Akker's curricular model, this systematic review highlights how various curriculum elements influence student agency. It presents a curriculum model to inform teachers' choices in promoting student agency. Implications for future studies on the interplay between curriculum elements, student agency, learning and citizenship are discussed.
Radio‐tracking urban breeding birds: The importance of native vegetation
Authors: Seress Gábor , Sándor Krisztina , Bókony Veronika , Bukor Boglárka , Hubai Katalin , Liker András 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs urban areas continue to expand globally, a deeper understanding of the functioning of urban green spaces is crucial for maintaining habitats that effectively support wildlife within our cities. Cities typically harbor a wide variety of nonnative vegetation, providing limited support for insect populations. The resulting scarcity of arthropods has been increasingly linked to adverse effects at higher trophic levels, such as the reduced reproductive success of insectivorous birds in urban environments. However, the responses by which urban breeding birds cope with the challenges of food limitation remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, in a Central European city, we employed radiotelemetry tracking and real‐time observations on urban‐breeding female great tits' habitat use, combined with detailed plant surveys and video recordings of nestlings' diet. This integrated approach enabled us to establish direct links between great tits' foraging behavior, vegetation preferences, and nestling diet. We found that besides tree canopies, great tits also frequently foraged on the ground and that the availability of bird feeders notably affected birds' habitat use. Foraging great tits generally avoided nonnative plants, particularly broadleaved species. When searching for nestling food, great tits were most time‐efficient on conifers, albeit these trees provided low amounts of caterpillars (a preferred prey type). Great tits were more likely to forage on and deliver nestling food from large native trees and foraged less on and collected fewer prey items from the most abundant tree species. Our results underscore the importance of several factors that may help improve habitat quality for urban insectivorous birds, with preserving large trees and increasing diverse native vegetation being key elements in this endeavor.
Tracing Aquatic Macrophyte Development in Nansi Lake, Northern China's Largest Freshwater Lake: Plant Macrofossils From 1855 to Present
Authors: Zhang Qinghui , Wu Yufei , Yang Liwei , Li Zekun , Li Zonglei , Yang Yuying , Chen Shiyue , Liu Enfeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExamining the impacts of natural and anthropogenic influences on aquatic macrophytes in shallow lakes is crucial for their effective restoration and management. However, there is a lack of direct evidence regarding past species composition or detailed and continuous evidence of recent changes in aquatic macrophyte communities. This study utilized plant macrofossil remains deposited in the sediment, combined with macrophyte surveys from 1983 to 2010, to reconstruct the historical changes in the macrophyte community over approximately 160 years in Lake Weishan, a sub‐lake of Lake Nansi located in the lower Yellow River (Huanghe River) Basin, northern China. Approximately 54.3% of the species historically recorded at the core site were identified through macro‐remains analysis, including five previously unrecorded submerged taxa (Myriophyllum verticillatum, Ranunculus trichophyllus, Chara sp., Nitella sp., and Vallisneria spinulosa) discovered during monitoring surveys. The findings revealed four major shifts in the macrophyte community: A transition from a swampy environment dominated by emergent/wetland plants (ca. 1855–1875) to an expanded water body characterized by a rapid proliferation of submerged macrophytes (ca. 1875–1910), followed by mass disappearance of macrophytes (ca. 1910–2005) and subsequent significant resurgence (after 2005). Multiple factor analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between these shifts and changes in paleolimnological indicators (invertebrates, geochemistry, and grain size), as well as documented records related to hydrology, climate changes, and human activities. The results confirmed our hypothesis that climatically and anthropogenically induced hydrological alterations were likely the primary drivers influencing macrophyte composition alteration and succession dynamics in the lake. This study highlights the potential use of plant macrofossils for reconstructing long‐term changes in macrophyte community components, abundance assessment, and ecosystem health evaluation within the lower Yellow River region. To effectively address persistent challenges such as water diversion and climate change, we propose integrating paleoecological methods into standard ecological monitoring protocols employed for water ecological quality assessment.
Utility of loop diuretics as a marker of risk in clinical trials of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Analysis from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Chouairi Fouad , Fudim Marat , Savarese Gianluigi , Szabo Barna , Dahlström Ulf , Hage Camilla , Guidetti Federica , Benson Lina , Lund Lars H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsIt is common in heart failure (HF) trials, especially in HF with preserved (HFpEF) and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), to select for increased risk of outcomes (‘enrichment’). We investigated the association between loop diuretic use and common trial outcomes.Methods and resultsPatients in the Swedish HF Registry with HFmrEF and HFpEF were divided into three groups: no loop diuretic use, 1–40 mg furosemide equivalent, and >40 mg. Outcomes were assessed for all patients and high risk for exacerbation patients (previous HF hospitalization [HFH] or N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide ≥300 ng/L). Among 25 986 patients, 41.3% were not taking loop diuretics, 33.5% had 1–40 mg, and 25.2% had >40 mg; 80.7% were at high risk. With increasing diuretic dose, the crude risk of all outcomes increased in both analysis groups. Event rates for cardiovascular death (CVD)/HFH were as follows for total: no loop diuretic: 6, dose 1–40 mg: 17, dose >40 mg: 34 and as follows for high risk: no loop diuretic: 8, dose 1–40 mg: 19, dose >40 mg: 36. Hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD/HFH with no loop diuretic as reference for the total population were: 1–40 mg HR 2.59, >40 mg HR 4.91 (all p < 0.001), and for high risk were: 1–40 mg HR 2.21, >40 mg HR 4.05 (all p < 0.001).ConclusionIn HFpEF and HFmrEF, loop diuretics were used in 58.7% of patients. Use of and higher doses were strongly associated with HF trial‐relevant outcomes. These associations were similar regardless of other risk markers. In HFpEF/HFmrEF trials, requiring loop diuretics as an enrichment factor will reduce the number of eligible patients but increase event rates considerably.
Canagliflozin reduces oral loop diuretic intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes: A participant‐level pooled analysis of the CANVAS and CREDENCE trials
Authors: Chatur Safia , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Fletcher Robert A. , Perkovic Vlado , Heerspink Hiddo , Arnott Clare , Pollock Carol , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Neal Bruce , Jardine Meg , Solomon Scott D. , Neuen Brendon L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThe sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduces the risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization or cardiovascular death and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression among patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with CKD. Patients with type 2 diabetes commonly have coexisting HF or CKD that require treatment with loop diuretics; however, the prognostic implications of oral loop diuretic intensification are not well characterized.Methods and resultsIn this participant‐level pooled analysis of the CREDENCE and CANVAS trials (not including CANVAS‐R), 1454/8731 (16.7%) patients were treated with loop diuretics at baseline. Over a median on‐treatment follow‐up of 2.2 years, 1264 patients (14.5%) required oral loop diuretic intensification, of whom 981 (77.6%) required initiation of oral loop diuretics and 283 (22.4%) required oral loop diuretic dose increase. Patients requiring oral loop diuretic intensification experienced rates of subsequent HF hospitalization, CKD progression and mortality that were 29.5‐, 5.0‐, and 3.5‐fold higher, respectively, than those not requiring oral loop diuretic intensification. Treatment with canagliflozin reduced the need for oral loop diuretic intensification by 41% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.66) including both new diuretic initiation (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.57–0.74) and diuretic dose increase (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.33–0.54). Inclusion of oral diuretic intensification in an expanded HF composite outcome inclusive of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization approximately double the number of events, with similar observed treatment effect (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.58–0.70).ConclusionAmong high‐risk patients with type 2 diabetes, new oral loop diuretic intensification was frequent and portended adverse prognostic significance. Treatment with canagliflozin significantly reduced the need for loop diuretic intensification.Clinical Trial Registration: CANVAS (Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study), ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01032629; CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation), ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02065791.
Thermal Performance of Paraffin Enhanced With Fe₂O₃ and CuO Microparticles in Solar Air Heaters
Authors: Ulker Nergiz , Bulut Hüsamettin , Das Ruken 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSolar air heaters (SAHs) are highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost effective devices for applications such as solar drying and space heating. However, the intermittent nature of solar energy significantly reduces the thermal efficiency of SAHs. Energy storage method is used to increase the thermal efficiency and operating hours of SAHs. In this study, the effect of microparticle doped paraffin, one of the phase change materials (PCMs) used for latent heat storage, on the thermal performance of SAHs was investigated experimentally. The thermal properties of paraffin doped with CuO and Fe₂O₃ microparticles and their behavior in energy storage processes were compared and analyzed. The PCM integrated collectors exhibited an average outlet temperature difference of up to 10°C compared to the flat collector, with maximum outlet temperatures reaching 60°C during peak solar radiation periods. DSC analysis revealed latent heat values of 107.2 and 122.7 J/g for CuO and Fe₂O₃ doped PCMs, respectively, indicating improved thermal energy storage compared to pure paraffin. Particularly, the Fe₂O₃ microparticle doped material excelled with faster energy storage and higher temperature differences. In contrast, the CuO microparticle doped material released the stored energy in a more controlled manner and over a longer period. The results indicate that both materials can be used to enhance energy efficiency and operating duration in solar energy applications.
MicroRNA Expression in High‐Grade B‐Cell Lymphoma With 11q Aberration
Authors: Di Stefano Gioia , Fischer Anja , Chteinberg Emil , Bens Susanne , Wagener Rabea , Abramov Dmitriy , Adam Patrick , Bernhart Stephan H. , Borkhardt Arndt , Burkhardt Birgit , Del‐Val Coral , Frühwald Michael C. , Guazzo Raffaella , Hoell Jessica I. , Hummel Michael , Horn Heike , Klapper Wolfram , Krugmann Jens , Kurz Katrin S. , Lazzi Stefano , Louissaint Abner Jr. , Mottok Anja , Oschlies Ilske , Santi Raffaella , Schafernak Kristian , Staiger Annette M. , Zhang Yanming , Rosenwald Andreas , Trümper Lorenz , Leoncini Lorenzo , Ott German , Siebert Reiner 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMature aggressive B‐cell lymphomas, such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), show variations in microRNA (miRNA) expression. The entity of High‐grade B‐cell lymphoma with 11q aberration (HGBCL‐11q) shares several biological features with both BL and DLBCL but data on its miRNA expression profile are yet scarce. Hence, this study aims to analyze the potential differences in miRNA expression of HGBCL‐11q compared to BL and DLBCL. We evaluated the expression profiles of 2083 miRNAs in 25 HGCBL‐11q, 7 BL, 131 DLBCL, and tonsils using the HTG EdgeSeq miRNA whole transcriptome assay. Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) and differential gene expression analyses based on DESeq2 were carried out. UMAP analysis of miRNA expression did not reveal distinct groups among the studied lymphomas. However, differential gene expression investigations detected sets of overexpressed miRNAs in HGBCL‐11q when compared to BL (miR‐9‐3p, miR‐9‐5p, miR‐3919, miR‐129‐1‐3p, miR‐129‐2‐3p, miR‐331‐3p, miR‐196b‐5p, and miR‐28‐5p) and DLBCL (miR‐3919, miR‐1290, miR‐4538, and miR‐4791), respectively. Notably, miR‐3919 showed heterogeneous but significantly higher expression (p‐value < 0.001) in HGBCL‐11q than in both, BL and DLBCL. We identified a group of differentially expressed miRNAs between HGBCL‐11q vs. BL and DLBCL, with miR‐3919 as the most commonly and recurrently overexpressed miRNA in HGBCL‐11q.
Oncological Feasibility of Limited Neck Dissection in cN0 Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Bassani Sara , Papi Giacomo , Marani Filippo , Nocini Riccardo , Campagnari Valentina , Marchi Filippo , Lionello Marco , Varago Chiara , Paderno Alberto , Crosetti Erika , Mattioli Francesco , Serafini Edoardo , Fermi Matteo , Rosti Alessandro , Petruzzi Gerardo , Campo Flaminia , Bellini Elisa , Marcuzzo Alberto Vito , Mineo Chiara Angela , Mercante Giuseppe , De Virgilio Armando , Giordano Leone , Galli Andrea , Mannelli Giuditta , Mazzetti Luca , Paludetti Gaetano , Rossi Giorgia , Zeleník Karol , Ramos Daniel Marin , Dedivitis Rogèrio Aparecido , Succo Giovanni , Tirelli Giancarlo , Bussi Mario , Pellini Raul , Galli Jacopo , Spriano Giuseppe , Monzani Daniele , Peretti Giorgio , Bertolin Andy , Piazza Cesare , Marchioni Daniele , Presutti Livio , Molteni Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSupraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a significant portion of head and neck cancers, with the management of clinically negative necks (cN0) through selective neck dissection (SND) being debated due to potential morbidities and low metastasis rates in levels IIb and IV.MethodsThis study is a retrospective, multicenter examination of the potential feasibility of limited neck dissection (LND), including only levels IIa and III in cN0 supraglottic SCC patients. It analyzed occult metastasis rates and explored relapse occurrences alongside potential predictors of lymph node metastasis.ResultsAmong 425 patients, predominantly male (85.6%) with a mean age of 63 years, the occult metastasis rate was 28.9%, and 13.7% experienced relapses during a mean follow‐up of 52 months. Advanced clinical stage, higher grading, and other risk factors emerged as predictors of occult lymph node metastasis at level IIb.ConclusionsThe study supports LND potential feasibility for cN0 supraglottic SCC, suggesting level IIb dissection can be omitted in specific early‐stage cases to reduce morbidity without affecting outcomes.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Long‐Acting and Permanent Methods (LAPMs) of Family Planning Among Women of Reproductive Age: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Taştekin Ayşe , Ok Tuğçe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo examine the prevalence and associated factors of long‐acting and permanent methods of family planning (LAPMs) in women of reproductive age.BackgroundLAPMs reduce the rate of unwanted pregnancy. Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of LAPMs is the key to preventing unwanted pregnancies.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta‐analysis study, data from seven studies involving 1187 women, conducted between 2013 and 2022, were analysed by searching EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed in this study. Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Evaluation tools were used to evaluate the quality of the studies.ResultsThe prevalence of LAPMs in women of reproductive age was 27.3%. Women with secondary education or higher, with three or more children, and who do not want to have more children use long‐acting and permanent methods more.ConclusionsOur results can guide the development of strategies to be applied to prevent unintended pregnancies and to increase the use of LAPMs in women of reproductive age.