bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A matter of personality and point of view: How the interplay of reinforcement sensitivity and general attitudes towards pain impacts the responsivity to acute pain
Authors: Vetterlein A. , Hogeterp S. A. , Monzel M. , Reuter M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe relatively stable individual differences reflected in Grey's revised reinforcement sensitivity theory (rRST), with foundations in neurophysiology and learning theory, appear particularly applicable to the study of pain. However, remarkably little research has been conducted in this area. In acute pain, activation of the behavioural approach system (BAS), the behavioural inhibition system (BIS) and the fight, flight, freezing system might depend on an individual's evaluation of pain. It was thus hypothesised that higher‐order interactions of rRST traits and pain attitudes affect pain responsiveness.MethodsTo investigate relationships between rRST traits and pain attitudes and to identify patterns between clusters of participants, we conducted a study in which N = 275 healthy participants filled in Reuter and Montag's rRST‐Q and the General Attitudes Towards Pain Inventory (GATPI). Experimental (pressure, electrical, thermal) and self‐report data of pain responsiveness were collected in a subsample (N = 113).ResultsWe found significant correlations between rRST‐Q and GATPI subscales of up to r = 0.34. Two clusters were identified, significantly differing in rRST‐Q and GATPI scores. Pain avoiders, characterized by high BIS, flight, freezing and negative pain attitudes, were found to be significantly more pain sensitive than pain approachers, characterized by high BAS, fight and positive pain attitudes. Moderate effects (d = 0.56 to d = 0.70) were demonstrated in subjective and objective measures and across pain modalities.ConclusionsThe present study expands the scientific knowledge on factors influencing pain responsiveness. Future research is needed to confirm implications for chronic pain prevention and therapy, particularly concerning pain avoiders.SignificanceWe have identified two clusters of participants, pain avoiders and pain approachers, that not only present differential patterns of revised reinforcement theory traits and general attitudes towards pain but also differ in their pain responsiveness. Pain avoiders appeared more pain sensitive compared to pain approachers, both in objective and subjective measurements, with implications for the improvement of chronic pain prevention and therapy.
Porous carbon‐based electrochemical platform for direct electron transfer in myoglobin
Authors: Hossain Md Motaher , Morshed Jannatul , Nomoto Akira , Tsujimura Seiya , Alwarappan Subbiah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA direct electron tunneling of myoglobin (cardiac biomarker) onto a magnesium oxide templated carbon electrode surface (MgOC) was observed. The porous carbon material employed in this work possesses a 3D macropores structure. Herein, the presence of a 3D curvature‐like structure provides a favorable environment for anchoring the protein myoglobin, which facilitates direct electron transfer by the myoglobin encapsulated within electroactive carbon and improves the mass transfer inside the carbon. The direct electron transfer of myoglobin at MgOC demonstrated the usefulness of this carbon material as an effective platform for studying the redox properties of various proteins and biomolecules that are of clinical relevance. The proposed strategy is distinct from the other known electrochemical strategies that involve a denaturant to partially open up myoglobin‘s redox‐active center, and thereby myoglobin is not detected in its native state. Our results also indicated a concentration‐dependent irreversible electron transfer from the heme center to the electrode surface. Further, the detection was rapid, and the analysis can be completed within a few minutes than other existing approaches that may take a few days up to a week for the results. The MgOC electrode also exhibited excellent stability towards the detection of myoglobin.
Effects of pesticide treatment against nematode disease on soil bacterial community structure and sweet potato yield and quality
Authors: Luo Kai , Zhu Jie , Xia Boyu , Zhang Jie , Su Xiulin , Wen Haixia , Li Yuqi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSweet potato stem nematode disease is a devastating disease, which seriously affects the yield and quality of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.). At present, soil treatment with pesticides is mainly used to prevent sweet potato stem nematode disease. In this study, Illumina MiSeq high‐throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities treated with different pesticides. At the same time, high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the pesticide residues in soil and sweet potato, and the impact on sweet potato yield was investigated. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the four α‐diversity indexes of soil under different pesticide treatments, and the differences were not significant (p > 0.05), indicating that there was no significant difference in the diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities in soil under different pesticide treatments. The results of principal coordinate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in bacterial and fungal community structure among different pesticide treatments (p > 0.05). Pesticide residue analysis and yield statistics of sweet potato showed that the residual amount of three kinds of pesticides in sweet potato did not exceed the maximum limit stipulated by the current National Standards for Food safety (GB2763‐2021). When 5% chlorpyrifos phoxim particles were applied at 15.18 kg/acre, sweet potato was unaffected by pests and diseases basically, and the yield was the highest.
Deciphering epigenetic regulation of enhancers in high‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: Tuzova A. V. , Moran B. , Russell N. M. , Das S. , Delahaye F. , Silva R. , Barrett C. , Watson R. W. G. , O'Neill A. , Gallagher W. M. , Greally J. , Perry A. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is associated with widespread promoter hypermethylation. We hypothesized that aberrant DNA methylation also targets gene enhancers, modulating their activity and contributing to disease etiology. A patient discovery set (n = 37) was used for differential methylation analysis and biomarker identification using the Infinium methylation EPIC array, on high‐risk (n = 13), low‐risk (n = 11), and histologically benign (n = 13) tissues. Enhancers were primarily hypermethylated. However proportionally, hypomethylated enhancers were more prominent in high‐risk (n = 385, 15%) than low‐risk (n = 105, 10%) disease, primarily targeting genes involved in development and enriched for oncoprotein binding motifs, including FOXA1. The clinical significance of enhancer methylation was evaluated by identifying a 17 enhancer differentially methylated probe (DMP) signature using a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator model in the discovery set. A large external dataset (n = 746) obtained from four publicly available prostate tissue methylation array studies was used to assess the enhancer signature through logistic regression models trained on a 2/3 training set and tested in a 1/3 test set. This delivered an area under the curve of 0.81 (95% bootstrapped CI 0.78–0.9) for selective detection of high‐risk PCa, achieving a 0.71 sensitivity and 0.76 specificity. Array‐wide aberrant DNA methylation at enhancers highlighted their epigenetic perturbance in high‐risk disease. A clinically significant enhancer signature from this study could be used for detecting high‐risk PCa.
Single‐nucleotide polymorphism array and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis to decode the cytogenetic profile of atypical partial hydatidiform moles diagnosed by short tandem repeat polymorphism analysis
Authors: Suzuki Yoshiya , Usui Hirokazu , Katayama Eri , Sato Asuka , Nakamura Natsuko , Nakada Emiri , Omoto Akiko , Okayama Jun , Sato Mika , Nagasawa Akiko , Hirosawa Akiko , Shozu Makio , Koga Kaori 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate diagnosis of partial hydatidiform moles (PHMs) is crucial for improving outcomes of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The use of short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism analysis to distinguish between PHM and hydropic abortuses is instrumental; however, its diagnostic power has not been comprehensively assessed. Herein, we evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of STR in differentiating between PHM and hydropic abortus, thus providing an opportunity for early measurement of human chorionic gonadotropin for PHMs. We reviewed charts of STR polymorphism analysis performed on fresh villous specimens and patient blood samples using a commercial kit for 16 loci. The genetic classification of 79 PHMs was confirmed. STR was reliable in differentiating PHMs when at least 15 loci were available. Typically, PHMs are characterized by their triploidy, including two paternal and one maternal haploid contribution. In our sample, seven PHMs lacked the three‐allelic loci, requiring fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to investigate imbalanced biparental conceptus and single‐nucleotide polymorphism array analysis to reveal cytogenetic details. Of these PHMs, two, three, and one were identified as androgenetic/biparental mosaics (diploids), monospermic diandric monogynic triploids, and a typical dispermic diandric monogynic triploid, respectively. The remaining case was monospermic origin, but its ploidy details could not be available. Therefore, STR differentiated PHM from a biparental diploid abortus in most cases. However, PHM diagnosis may be compromised when STR is used as the sole method for cases displaying distinct cytogenetic patterns lacking the three‐allelic loci, including androgenetic/biparental mosaicism. Therefore, FISH should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.
Segregation, immunohistochemical, molecular and functional analyses classify a novel missense variant in fumarate hydratase (FH) as pathogenic
Authors: Ouchene Lydia , Wilde Blake , Chan‐Pak‐Choon Fiona , Camacho Valenzuela Jose , Brimo Fadi , Witkowski Leora , Christofk Heather , Domecq Celine , Fu Lili , Weber Evan , Lemieux Anglin Brianna , Netchiporouk Elena , Foulkes William D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by cutaneous leiomyomas, uterine leiomyomas, and aggressive renal cancer. Germline variants in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene predispose to HLRCC. Identifying germline pathogenic FH variants enables lifetime renal cancer screening and genetic testing for family members. In this report, we present a FH missense variant (c.1039T>C (p.S347P)), initially classified as a variant of uncertain significance. Clinical assessment, histopathological findings, molecular genetic studies, and enzymatic activity studies support the re‐classification of the FH c.1039T>C variant to “pathogenic” based on ACMG/AMP criteria. Further insights into pathological recognition of FH‐deficient renal cancer are discussed and should be recognized. This study has shown how (a) detailed multi‐disciplinary analyses of a single variant can reclassify rare missense variants in FH and (b) careful pathological review of renal cancers is obligatory when HLRCC is suspected.
Distinct cross talk of IL‐17 & TGF‐β with the immature CD11c+TRAF6(−/−)‐null myeloid dendritic cell‐derived osteoclast precursor (mDDOCp) may engage signaling toward an alternative pathway of osteoclastogenesis for arthritic bone loss in vivo
Authors: Liu Yen Chun G. , Teng Andy Yen‐Tung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundDendritic cells (DCs), though borne heterogeneous, are the most potent antigen‐presenting cells, whose critical functions include triggering antigen‐specific naïve T‐cell responses and fine‐tuning the innate versus adaptive immunity at the osteo‐immune and/or mucosal mesenchyme interface. We previously reported that immature myeloid‐CD11c+DCs/mDCs may act like osteoclast (OC) precursors (OCp/mDDOCp) capable of developing into functional OCs via an alternative pathway of inflammation‐induced osteoclastogenesis; however, what are their contribution and signaling interactions with key osteotropic cytokines (i.e., interleukin‐17 [IL‐17] and transforming growth factor‐β [TGF‐β]) to bearing such inflammatory bone loss in vivo remain unclear to date.MethodsHerein, we employed mature adult bone marrow‐reconstituted C57BL/6 TRAF6(−/−)‐null chimeras without the classical monocyte/macrophage (Mo/Mϕ)‐derived OCs to address their potential contribution to OCp/mDDOCp‐mediated osteoclastogenesis in the chicken type‐II‐collagen (CC‐II)‐induced joint inflammation versus arthritic bone loss and parallel associations with the double‐positive CD11c+TRAP+TRAF6‐null(−/−) DC‐like OCs detected in vivo via the quantitative dual‐immunohistochemistry and digital histomorphometry for analyses.ResultsThe resulting findings revealed the unrecognized novel insight that (i) immature myeloid‐CD11c+TRAF6(−/−) TRAP+DC‐like OCs were involved, co‐localized, and strongly associated with joint inflammation and bone loss, independent of the Mo/Mϕ‐derived classical OCs, in CC‐II‐immunized TRAF6(−/−)‐null chimeras, and (ii) the osteotropic IL‐17 may engage distinct crosstalk with CD11c+mDCs/mDDOCp before developing the CD11c+TRAP+TRAF6(−/−)OCs via a TGF‐β‐dependent interaction toward inflammation‐induced arthritic bone loss in vivo.ConclusionThese results confirm and substantiate the validity of TRAF6(−/−)‐null chimeras to address the significance of immature mCD11c+TRAP+DC‐like OCs/mDDOCp subset for an alternative pathway of arthritic bone loss in vivo. Such CD11c+mDCs/mDDOCp‐associated osteoclastogenesis through the step‐wise twist‐in‐turns osteo‐immune cross talks are thereby theme highlighted to depict a summative re‐visitation proposed.
Influential effect of C^N ligands containing O, S, and Se heteroatoms in the color tuning of four phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes
Authors: Chen Meng‐Sen , Ma Xiao‐Chong , Mo Zheng‐Rong , Guo Shu , Niu Zhi‐Gang , Li Gao‐Nan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA group of new iridium(III) complexes were rationally designed and synthesized with 2‐phenylbenzo[d]oxazole (bo), 2‐phenylbenzo[d]thiazole (bt), 2‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[d]thiazole (thbt), and 2‐(selenophen‐2‐yl)benzo[d]thiazole (sebt) as C^N ligands and bis(diphenylthiophosphoryl)amide (S‐tpip) as ancillary ligand. They are phosphorescent in a wide region of green to red with short lifetimes around 0.31–0.98 μs and quantum yields up to 64.7%. The detailed photophysical properties were investigated by experiment and further supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. These research results show that the spectroscopic properties are tuned by the replacement between oxygen, sulfur, and selenium or the change in aromatic ring. It has been demonstrated that the lowest energy‐level absorption and emission are dominated apparently by C^N ligands, and are ascribed to metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and intra‐ligand charge transfer (ILCT) characters.
Specific GAG ratios in the diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidoses
Authors: Mathis Déborah , Prost Jean‐Christophe , Maeder Gabriela , Arackal Liya , Zhang Haoyue , Kurth Sandra , Freiburghaus Katrin , Nuoffer Jean‐Marc 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) screening is tedious and still performed by analysis of total glycosaminoglycans (GAG) using 1,9‐dimethylmethylene blue (DMB) photometric assay, although false positive and negative tests have been reported. Analysis of differentiated GAGs have been pursued classically by gel electrophoresis or more recently by quantitative LC–MS assays. Secondary elevations of GAGs have been reported in urinary tract infections (UTI). In this manuscript, we describe the diagnostic accuracy of urinary GAG measurements by LC–MS for MPS typing in 68 untreated MPS and mucolipidosis (ML) patients, 183 controls and 153 UTI samples. We report age‐dependent reference values and cut‐offs for chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS) and keratan sulfate (KS) and specific GAG ratios. The use of HS/DS ratio in combination to GAG concentrations normalized to creatinine improves the diagnostic accuracy in MPS type I, II, VI and VII. In total 15 samples classified to the wrong MPS type could be correctly assigned using HS/DS ratio. Increased KS/HS ratio in addition to increased KS improves discrimination of MPS type IV by excluding false positives. Some samples of UTI patients showed elevation of specific GAGs, mainly CS, KS and KS/HS ratio and could be misclassified as MPS type IV. Finally, DMB photometric assay performed in MPS and ML samples reveal four false negative tests (sensitivity of 94%). In conclusion, specific GAG ratios in complement to quantitative GAG values obtained by LC–MS enhance discrimination of MPS types. Exclusion of patients with UTI improve diagnostic accuracy in MPS IV but not in other types.
Tropical nights in the Mediterranean: A spatiotemporal analysis of trends from 1950 to 2022
Authors: Yavaşlı Doğukan Doğu , Erlat Ecmel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Mediterranean region, noted for its climatic uniqueness and rapid urban expansion, is a critical area for climate change studies. This research investigates the increase in extreme temperatures, particularly focusing on tropical nights and their socio‐economic implications. Our aim was to analyse the spatiotemporal changes, including long‐term variation and trends in the tropical night indices in the Mediterranean region over 73 years (1950–2022). To achieve this, we utilized ERA5‐Land reanalysis data, conducting a comparative analysis to highlight the differential impacts of urbanization on tropical nights in urban and non‐urban areas. The study reveals a significant rise in the frequency of tropical nights region‐wide. Specifically, the onset of the tropical night season is occurring earlier, with an advancement of approximately 17.3 days per decade, while the season's end is delayed by about 17.1 days per decade, effectively prolonging the duration of tropical nights. This change is most pronounced in urban areas, where tropical nights have increased more significantly compared to non‐urban regions, highlighting the exacerbating effect of urbanization on nocturnal temperature trends. Overall, our findings underline the combined effects of anthropogenic climate change and urban development on the increased occurrence and intensity of tropical nights in the Mediterranean region.
Effects of non‐nutritive sweeteners on growth and intestinal health by regulating hypothalamic RNA profile and ileum microbiota in guinea pigs
Authors: Zhu Shanli , Li Junrong , Li Ziqing , Wang Zhe , Wei Quanwei , Shi Fangxiong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDNon‐nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are commonly used in sweetened foods and beverages; however their role in metabolic regulation is still not clear. In this experiment, we used guinea pigs as an animal model to study the effect of NNS on body growth and intestinal health by modifying gut microbiota and hypothalamus‐related proteins.RESULTSFor a 28‐day feeding experiment a total of 40 guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups, one control (CN) group and three treatments, in which three NNS were added to the diet: rebaudioside A (RA, 330 mg kg−1), sodium saccharin (SS, 800 mg kg−1), and sucralose (TGS, 167 mg kg−1), respectively. The TGS group exhibited significantly reduced food consumption in comparison with the CN group (P < 0.05) whereas the RA group showed increased food consumption in comparison with the CN group (P < 0.05). Notably, Taste receptor type 1 subunit 2 (T1R2) expression in the hypothalamus was significantly higher in the RA group than in the CN group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of appetite‐stimulated genes arouti‐related neuropeptide (AGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHB) were significantly higher than those in the CN group (P < 0.05) but mRNA expressions of appetite‐suppressed genes tryptophan hydroxylase 2(THP2) were significantly lower in the TGS group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, NNS in the guinea pig diets (RA, SS, TGS) significantly increased the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae but decreased the relative abundance of Clostridia_vadin BB60 in comparison with the CN group (P < 0.05). We also found that dietary supplementation with RA also significantly altered the relative abundance of Lactobacillus.CONCLUSIONOur finding confirmed that dietary supplementation with RA and TGS affected body growth and intestinal health by modulating hypothalamic RNA profiles and ileum microbiota, suggesting that NNS should be included in guinea‐pig feeding. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Biomass difference between mixed plantations and monocultures and its influencing factors: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Meng Meiyue , Huang Linjia , Jiao Qiuyan , Chen Meng , Zhang Xu , Li Ming , Cao Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEstablishing mixed‐species plantations has become the most promising planting method to provide various goods and improve multiple environmental services. Although mixed planting has the potential to increase tree biomass, the divergent findings make it challenging to understand the mixing effects on whole forest (trees, shrubs, herbs, and litter) biomass. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis compiling 156 studies published from 1982 to 2021 across 128 sites in China. We aimed to quantify the mixing effects on forest biomass between mixed plantations and monocultures and disentangle the driving factors. Our results showed that mixed planting significantly increased the total biomass, biomass of tree, and shrub layer by 14.07%, 22.49%, and 34.84%, respectively, when compared with monocultures. The effects of mixed planting on biomass were more pronounced in plantations with both nitrogen‐fixing trees and non‐nitrogen‐fixing trees, plantations with both coniferous and broad‐leaved trees, as well as uneven‐aged plantations containing young‐ and middle‐aged species. Furthermore, our results demonstrated the effects of mixed planting were predominantly governed by climatic conditions and woodland characteristics. The effect size of total biomass exhibited a significant positive correlation with mean annual temperature and precipitation, while the shrub and herb layers showed a significant negative relationship with these climatic variables. Our findings highlighted the importance of complementarity effects in mixed plantations, especially establishing uneven‐aged plantations with different leaf morphology types and N acquisition strategies. Overall, our meta‐analysis could provide strategies for future sustainable ecosystem management and improving the terrestrial carbon sink.
A Theoretical Investigation of the Electrical and Dielectric Properties of PDMS‐CNT
Authors: Karuppiah Poovendran , Nambi Ramachary Ramanujam , Kulandai Samy Joseph Wilson , Vadivel Murugan Prasanna Venkatesh 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present study, the dielectric and electrical properties of the carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane (CNT/PDMS) composite are theoretically analyzed for various doping concentrations. For both single‐walled and multiwalled CNTs (SCNTs and MCNTs), the work is done between 75 and 750 THz. The behavior of the dielectric constant, loss factor, and conductivity are analyzed as functions of frequency. It is observed that there is no appreciable change in the real part of the dielectric constant at high frequencies in single‐walled CNT. The loss tangent is high at lower frequencies, and the loss peak is observed at a particular frequency. The Cole–Cole plot is used to interpret the static‐ and high‐frequency dielectric constants and relaxation time of the composite. With increasing concentrations of SCNT and MCNT, the conductivity at the obtained peak maximum shifts to a lower frequency.