bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Landmark Position and Design in VGI-Based Maps on Visual Attention and Cognitive Processing
Authors: Keil Julian , Dickmann Frank , Kuchinke Lars 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLandmarks play a crucial role in map reading and in the formation of mental spatial models. Especially when following a route to get to a fixed destination, landmarks are crucial orientation aids. Which objects from the multitude of spatial objects in an environment are suitable as landmarks and, for example, can be automatically displayed in navigation systems has hardly been clarified. The analysis of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) offers the possibility of no longer having to separate methodologically between active and passive salience of landmarks in order to gain insights into the effect of landmarks on orientation ability or memory performance. Since the users (groups) involved are map producers and map users at the same time, an analysis of the user behavior of user-generated maps provides in-depth insights into cognitive processes and enables the direct derivation of basic methodological principles for map design. The landmarks determined on the basis of the VGI and entered as signs in maps can provide indications of the required choice, number, and position of landmarks that users need in order to orientate themselves in space with the help of maps. The results of several empirical studies show which landmark pictograms from OpenStreetMap (OSM) maps are cognitively processed quickly by users and which spatial position they must have in order to be able to increase memory performance, for example, during route learning.
Addressing Landmark Uncertainty in VGI-Based Maps: Approaches to Improve Orientation and Navigation Performance
Authors: Keil Julian , Dickmann Frank , Kuchinke Lars 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLandmarks, salient spatial objects, play an important role in orientation and navigation. They provide a spatial reference frame that helps to make sense of complex environments. Landmark representations in maps support map matching and orientation, because matching landmarks to their map representations provides information about spatial directions and distances. However, effective landmark-based map matching demands sufficiently accurate georeferencing of the landmarks represented in a map, because spatial inaccuracies of landmark representations cause distortions of the spatial reference frame and derived directions and distances. The requirement of accurate landmark georeferencing imposes difficulties on the use of maps based on Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) for map matching. Differences of the motivation, competence, and available apparatus of volunteers can cause great variations of the data quality in VGI-based maps, including spatial accuracy of landmark representations. In a series of experiments, we investigated and quantified to what extent spatial inaccuracies of landmark representations in VGI-based maps affect map matching. Based on the findings, we were able to identify critical thresholds for spatial landmark inaccuracies. Furthermore, we explored potential ways to sustain successful map matching at higher degrees of spatial landmark inaccuracies. Through visual communication of spatial uncertainties, we were able to make map users more resilient to potential inaccuracies and sustain successful map matching.
Hybrid renormalization for quasi distribution amplitudes of a light baryon
Authors: Han Chao , Su Yushan , Wang Wei , Zhang Jia-Lu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We develop a hybrid scheme to renormalize quasi distribution amplitudes of a light baryon on the lattice, which combines the self-renormalization and ratio scheme. By employing self-renormalization, the UV divergences and linear divergence at large spatial separations in quasi distribution amplitudes are removed without introducing extra nonperturbative effects, while making a ratio with respect to the zero-momentum matrix element can properly remove the UV divergences in small spatial separations. As a specific application, distribution amplitudes of the Λ baryon made of uds are investigated, and the requisite equal-time correlators, which define quasi distribution amplitudes in coordinate space, are perturbatively calculated up to the next-to-leading order in strong coupling constant αs. These perturbative equal-time correlators are used to convert lattice QCD matrix elements to the continuum space during the renormalization process. Subsequently, quasi distribution amplitudes are matched onto lightcone distribution amplitudes by integrating out hard modes and the corresponding hard kernels are derived up to next-to-leading order in αs including the hybrid counterterms. These results are valuable in the lattice-based investigation of the lightcone distribution amplitudes of a light baryon from the first principles of QCD.
CAT(0) spaces of higher rank II
Authors: Stadler Stephan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis belongs to a series of papers motivated by Ballmann’s Higher Rank Rigidity Conjecture. We prove the following. Let $X$
X
be a CAT(0) space with a geometric group action $\Gamma \curvearrowright X$
Γ
↷
X
. Suppose that every geodesic in $X$
X
lies in an $n$
n
-flat, $n\geq 2$
n
≥
2
. If $X$
X
contains a periodic $n$
n
-flat which does not bound a flat $(n+1)$
(
n
+
1
)
-half-space, then $X$
X
is a Riemannian symmetric space, a Euclidean building or non-trivially splits as a metric product. This generalizes the Higher Rank Rigidity Theorem for Hadamard manifolds with geometric group actions.
Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR): the benefit of the double stitch in the largest single-center experience
Authors: Haveliwala Zeni , Eaton Simon , Sivaraj Jayaram , Thakkar Hemanshoo , Omar Sara , Giuliani Stefano , Blackburn Simon , Mullassery Dhanya , Curry Joe , Cross Kate , De Coppi Paolo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Aim
To review our experience of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) regarding complication rates, the practice of closing the asymptomatic patent processes vaginalis (PPV), and comparison of complication rates between pre-term (< 37 week gestation) and term infants.

Methods
Retrospective review of LIHR performed between 2009 and 2021. Repair was performed by intracorporal single or double purse string/purse string + Z-stitch using a non-absorbable suture. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared/Mann–Whitney and are quoted as median (range).

Results
1855 inguinal rings were closed in 1195 patients (943 (79%) male). 1378 rings (74%) were symptomatic. 492 (41%) patients were pre-term. Corrected gestational age at surgery was 55 weeks (31 weeks–14.6 years) and weight 5.9 kg (1–65.5). Closure of contralateral PPV was higher in the premature group (210/397 [53%] vs. 265/613 [43%] p = 0.003). There were 23 recurrences in 20 patients, of whom 10 had been born prematurely. The only factor significantly associated with a lower recurrence was use of a second stitch (p = 0.011).

Conclusion
This is the largest single-center reported series of LIHR. LIHR is safe at any age, the risk of recurrence is low, and can be corrected by re-laparoscopy. Use of a Z-stitch or second purse string is associated with a significantly lower rate of recurrence.
State-independent inhibition of the oncogenic Kv10.1 channel by desethylamiodarone, a comparison with amiodarone
Authors: Gomez-Lagunas F. , Barriga-Montoya C. , Pardo J. P. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKv10.1 is a voltage-dependent K channel whose ectopic expression is associated with several human cancers. Additionally, Kv10.1 has structure–function properties which are not yet well understood. We are using drugs of clinical importance in an attempt to gain insight on the relationship between pharmacology and characteristic functional properties of this channel. Herein, we report the interaction of desethylamiodarone (desAd), the active metabolic product of the antiarrhythmic amiodarone with Kv10.1: desAd binds to both closed and open channels, with most inhibition taking place from the open state, with affinity ~ 5 times smaller than that of amiodarone. Current inhibition by desAd and amiodarone is not synergistic. Upon repolarization desAd becomes trapped in Kv10.1 and thereafter dissociates slowly from closed-and-blocked channels. The addition of the Cole-Moore shift plus desAd open-pore-block time courses yields an increasing phase on the steady-state inhibition curve (H∞) at hyperpolarized holding potentials. In contrast to amiodarone, desAd does not inhibit the Kv10.1 Cole-Moore shift, suggesting that a relevant hydrophobic interaction between amiodarone and Kv10.1 participates in the inhibition of the Cole-Moore shift, which is lost with desAd.
Somebody is watching me? Analyzing privacy preferences in using visual AAL technology considering human-, technology-, and context-related factors
Authors: Offermann Julia , Maidhof Caterina , Ziefle Martina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChanging age structures, increasing demands for care, and personnel shortages require innovative approaches to enable support for older and frail people in their everyday life enhancing their well-being, safety, and independence. Visual Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technologies represent a promising approach to tackle these challenges by detecting emergency situations, such as falls, abnormal behavior, and helplessness. Beyond this potential and possible advantages, the use of visual AAL technology is closely connected with concerns regarding privacy and data security. So far, privacy perceptions and requirements have neither been specifically nor quantitatively investigated regarding the usage of visual AAL technology. Therefore, this study (N = 139) applied an online survey and aimed at an investigation of (1) potential differences between human and technological invasions of privacy based on affective evaluations and perceived concerns, (2) activities being (not) allowed to be visually recorded in different contexts, and (3) selections of specific visual AAL technologies in different contexts. The results identified significant differences in the affective evaluation of human and technological privacy invasions as well as specifically perceived privacy concerns. Beyond that, the acceptance of visual recordings of activities depends on the context as well as on the sensitivity of the daily activities. The context also impacted the selection of specific visual AAL technology distinctly. The study enabled a first quantification of specific privacy perceptions, concerns, and requirements when visual AAL technology is used. The results are used to derive specific design and communication recommendations to address future users’ privacy needs in the conceptualization, development, and design of visual AAL technology.
Exploring diverse food system actor perspectives on gene editing: a systematic review of socio-cultural factors influencing acceptability
Authors: Henderson Katie , Lang Bodo , Kemper Joya , Conroy Denise 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the promise of new gene editing technologies (GETs) (e.g., CRISPR) in accelerating sustainable agri-food production, the social acceptability of these technologies remains unclear. Prior literature has primarily addressed the regulatory and economic issues impacting GETs ongoing acceptability, while little work has examined socio-cultural impacts despite evolving food policies and product commercialisation demanding input from various actors in the food system. Our systematic review across four databases addresses this gap by synthesising recent research on food system actors’ perspectives to identify the key socio-cultural factors influencing GET acceptability. This review extends prior literature by including views from a more diverse range of actors (e.g., farmers and NGOs) and provides a better understanding of their perceived social benefits and concerns. We find food system actors perceive positive and negative impacts of using GETs in agriculture. These perspectives are often entangled in broader debates regarding sustainability and food systems issues (e.g., social justice). We discuss practical recommendations for policymakers, agri-food industry managers, and scientists to better align gene edited foods (GEFs) with food system actors’ values. GEF policy, development, and commercialisation must reflect social values such as collective wellbeing and transparency to improve actors’ acceptability. More research is required among marginalised food actors such as Indigenous and smallholder farmers.
The assessment of marine bioinvasion diversity and history
Authors: Carlton James T. , Schwindt Evangelina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA significant challenge in comparing and contrasting regional reviews of non-native marine species diversity is that evaluation methods vary widely, resulting in highly inconsistent taxonomic, habitat and historical coverage even in ostensibly well-studied regions. It is thus difficult to interpret whether strikingly different numbers of non-native species in different regions reflect differential invasion patterns or different assessment criteria and capabilities. We provide a comprehensive guide to the methods and techniques to assess the diversity and timing history of non-native and cryptogenic marine species. We emphasize the need to broaden taxonomic and habitat breadth when documenting invasions, to use a broader and deeper search term menu (including using older terms), to thoroughly access global systematic and invasion literature for local, regional records, and to delve deeper into invasion timing to avoid the use of dates-of-publication to assess invasion tempo and rates. Fundamental in all invasions work is the reassessment of the status of ostensibly native species which in fact may have been introduced decades or centuries earlier. We expand to 14 categories the criteria for the recognition of non-native species. Without thorough and vetted modern and historical assessments of the scale of invasions across temperate, subtropical, and tropical marine ecosystems, our ability to look deep into marine community ecology, evolution, and biogeography is strikingly compromised, as is our ability to frame robust invasion policy and management plans.
The Arctic Fjord Breeze: Characteristics of a Combined Sea Breeze and Valley Wind in a Svalbard Fjord Valley
Authors: Henkies Matthias , Høyland Knut Vilhelm , Shestov Aleksey , Duscha Christiane , Sjöblom Anna 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThermally-driven circulations are a frequent meteorological phenomenon in complex Arctic terrain, but the Arctic fjord breeze, a combined sea-breeze and up-valley wind, has received little attention. A field campaign was conducted in the valley Adventdalen in Svalbard in summer 2022 using a Scanning Doppler Lidar and automatic weather stations. It is shown that a local up-valley circulation occurred frequently in this valley, and that it was driven by the temperature and pressure gradient between valley and fjord, i.e., a fjord breeze. The fjord breeze existed in both large-scale up-valley and down-valley winds. Its strength, extent and depth varied due to the diurnal cycle of solar irradiation as well as the interaction with large-scale winds. In contrast to typical lower-latitude breezes, the Arctic fjord breeze could persist over several days. The breeze was found to be relatively strong even under small horizontal temperature contrasts and opposing large-scale winds, possibly due to an increase in the thermal pressure gradient by the surrounding topography.
Colchicine Attenuates Microvascular Obstruction after Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the Proliferation of Neutrophil in Bone Marrow
Authors: Tan Ying , Bao Xue , Li Yuyu , Song Guo , Lu He , Sun Xuan , Gu Rong , Kang Lina , Xu Biao 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Complete and rapid recanalization of blood flow by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most effective intervention for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to microvascular obstruction (MVO), limiting its efficacy. Colchicine can reduce myocardial I/R injury, but its effect on MVO is unclear. Hence, this study aimed to assess the role and mechanism of colchicine on MVO.

Methods
Clinical data on STEMI patients with PCI were collected and risk factors related to MVO were analyzed. The rat myocardial I/R model was established to evaluate the MVO by thioflavin S staining. The myocardial I/R model of mice was treated with PBS or colchicine at the reperfusion. The effect of colchicine on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after I/R was evaluated by TUNEL and expression of cleaved caspase-3. ROS levels were detected in H9c2 cells to evaluate the colchicine effect on myocardial oxidative stress. Moreover, the mechanism through which colchicine attenuated MVO was examined using flow cytometry, WB, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, bioinformatics analysis, and immunofluorescence.

Results
Multivariate analysis showed that elevated neutrophils were associated with extensive MVO. Colchicine could attenuate MVO and reduce neutrophil recruitment and NETs formation after myocardial I/R. In addition, colchicine inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and ROS levels in vitro. Furthermore, colchicine inhibited neutrophil proliferation in the bone marrow (BM) by inhibiting the S100A8/A9 inflammatory signaling pathway.

Conclusions
Colchicine attenuated MVO after myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting the proliferation of neutrophils in BM through the neutrophil-derived S100A8/A9 inflammatory signaling pathway.
Dissecting the tumor microenvironment in response to immune checkpoint inhibitors via single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Liu Wendi , Puri Anusha , Fu Doris , Chen Lee , Wang Cassia , Kellis Manolis , Yang Jiekun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCancer is a disease that undergoes selective pressure to evolve during its progression, becoming increasingly heterogeneous. Tumoral heterogeneity can dictate therapeutic response. Transcriptomics can be used to uncover complexities in cancer and reveal phenotypic heterogeneity that affects disease response. This is especially pertinent in the immune microenvironment, which contains diverse populations of immune cells, and whose dynamic properties influence disease response. The recent development of immunotherapies has revolutionized cancer therapy, with response rates of up to 50% within certain cancers. However, despite advances in immune checkpoint blockade specifically, there remains a significant population of non-responders to these treatments. Transcriptomics can be used to profile immune and other cell populations following immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, generate predictive biomarkers of resistance or response, assess immune effector function, and identify potential immune checkpoints. Single-cell RNA sequencing has offered insight into mRNA expression within the complex and heterogeneous tumor microenvironment at single-cell resolution. Spatial transcriptomics has enabled measurement of mRNA expression while adding locational context. Here, we review single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomic research investigating ICI response within a variety of cancer microenvironments.
Inequalities in Resources for Preschool-Age Children by Parental Education: Evidence from Six Advanced Industrialized Countries
Authors: Waldfogel Jane , Kwon Sarah Jiyoon , Wang Yi , Washbrook Liz , Casoni Valentina Perinetti , Olczyk Melanie , Schneider Thorsten , Panico Lidia , Solaz Anne , Weinert Sabine , Volodina Anna , de la Rie Sanneke , Keizer Renske , Nozaki Kayo , Yamashita Jun , Kameyama Yuriko , Akabayashi Hideo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper provides new evidence on inequalities in resources for children age 3–4 by parental education using harmonized data from six advanced industrialized countries—United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Netherlands, and Japan—that represent different social welfare regime types. We analyze inequalities in two types of resources for young children—family income, and center-based child care—applying two alternative measures of parental education—highest parental education, and maternal education. We hypothesize that inequalities in resources by parental education will be less pronounced in countries where social policies are designed to be more equalizing. The results provide partial support for this hypothesis: the influence of parental education on resources for children does vary by the social policy context, although not in all cases. We also find that the measurement of parental education matters: income disparities are smaller under a maternal-only definition whereas child care disparities are larger. Moreover, the degree of divergence between the two sets of estimates differs across countries. We provide some of the first systematic evidence about how resources for young children vary depending on parents’ education and the extent to which such inequalities are buffered by social policies. We find that while early inequalities are a fact of life in all six countries, the extent of those inequalities varies considerably. Moreover, the results suggest that social policy plays a role in moderating the influence of parental education on resources for children.
Inherited BRCA1 and RNF43 pathogenic variants in a familial colorectal cancer type X family
Authors: Chan James M. , Clendenning Mark , Joseland Sharelle , Georgeson Peter , Mahmood Khalid , Joo Jihoon E. , Walker Romy , Como Julia , Preston Susan , Chai Shuyi Marci , Chu Yen Lin , Meyers Aaron L. , Pope Bernard J. , Duggan David , Fink J. Lynn , Macrae Finlay A. , Rosty Christophe , Winship Ingrid M. , Jenkins Mark A. , Buchanan Daniel D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGenetic susceptibility to familial colorectal cancer (CRC), including for individuals classified as Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X (FCCTX), remains poorly understood. We describe a multi-generation CRC-affected family segregating pathogenic variants in both BRCA1, a gene associated with breast and ovarian cancer and RNF43, a gene associated with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome (SPS). A single family out of 105 families meeting the criteria for FCCTX (Amsterdam I family history criteria with mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient CRCs) recruited to the Australasian Colorectal Cancer Family Registry (ACCFR; 1998–2008) that underwent whole exome sequencing (WES), was selected for further testing. CRC and polyp tissue from four carriers were molecularly characterized including a single CRC that underwent WES to determine tumor mutational signatures and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) events. Ten carriers of a germline pathogenic variant BRCA1:c.2681_2682delAA p.Lys894ThrfsTer8 and eight carriers of a germline pathogenic variant RNF43:c.988 C > T p.Arg330Ter were identified in this family. Seven members carried both variants, four of which developed CRC. A single carrier of the RNF43 variant met the 2019 World Health Organization (WHO2019) criteria for SPS, developing a BRAF p.V600 wildtype CRC. Loss of the wildtype allele for both BRCA1 and RNF43 variants was observed in three CRC tumors while a LOH event across chromosome 17q encompassing both genes was observed in a CRC. Tumor mutational signature analysis identified the homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-associated COSMIC signatures SBS3 and ID6 in a CRC for a carrier of both variants. Our findings show digenic inheritance of pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and RNF43 segregating with CRC in a FCCTX family. LOH and evidence of BRCA1-associated HRD supports the importance of both these tumor suppressor genes in CRC tumorigenesis.