bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Modified Thiel Soft-embalmed Cadavers as a Novel Teaching Model for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound and Anatomy among Rehabilitation Medicine Residents
Authors: Constantino Christopher S. , Bundoc Rafael C. , Tecson III Jose  V. , Rubio Donnel Alexis T. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. This study aimed to determine the perceptions of rehabilitation medicine resident trainees on using modified Thiel soft-embalmed cadavers as a learning tool in acquiring knowledge on musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-UTZ) and anatomy.Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study used total enumeration to recruit residents in training under the rehabilitation medicine department of a tertiary referral hospital. An online survey tool was self-administered to determine their perceptions on the use of MSK-UTZ on Thiel-embalmed cadavers. Pre- and post-test scores were compared to determine if their knowledge has improved.Results. Fifteen participants were recruited, who answered the pre- and post-test, and the online survey. The mean pre-test score of participants was 5.87 (±1.68), and the mean post-test score was 6.87 (±2.00). There was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.20) using a paired t-test. At an arbitrary passing rate of 70%, only 5/15 participants passed the pre-test while 10/15 passed the post-test. A chi-square test of independence showed that there was no significant association between the number of participants who passed or failed on the pre- and posttest, X2 (1, N = 15) = 3.3, p = .0.068. Most of the perceptions of the participants were positive in terms of the use of modified Thiel soft-embalmed cadavers as a learning tool, its relevance in the training of a rehabilitation medicine resident, and the overall experience on its use.
Conclusion. Thiel-embalmed cadavers as a learning tool was well-accepted, having generally positive perceptions from the participants mainly in terms of perceived enhancement of the understanding of the anatomical basis of musculoskeletal ultrasound, perceived improvement in skills in performing musculoskeletal ultrasound, and most even recommended that it be part of their training as rehabilitation medicine residents. In terms of acquiring knowledge on musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-UTZ) and anatomy, no significant improvement in knowledge was noted. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to yield more statistically significant improvement in knowledge and to observe trends in the perceptions of participants.
Learner Preference on the Teaching Modalities in Musculoskeletal Anatomy in the New Normal: A Cross-sectional Study Comparing Dissection Educational Videos and Self-directed Manual to Proctor-assisted Cadaver Dissection
Authors: Rubio Donnel Alexis T. , Tecson III Jose V. , Bundoc Rafael C. , Constantino Christopher S. 
Published: October 2023

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic affected all medical education because of the suspension of face-to-face learning and stringent protocols. Various methods of teaching were introduced to augment anatomical learning.Objective. As we enter the transition period and loosening of protocols for face-to-face learning, we want to know if these modes of teaching are still preferred and suitable or the traditional proctor-assisted dissection is preferable among first year medical students.Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited first-year medical students currently enrolled at the University of the Philippines College of Medicine during the Department of Anatomy Learning Enhancement Program (LEAP) from June 13-17, 2022. One station caters to musculoskeletal anatomy. The musculoskeletal station is further divided into four mini stations: a prosected lower extremity cadaver with labels of must know anatomic structures for the proctor-assisted cadaver dissection; a prosected lower extremity with a self-directed manual for the students to follow; a large screen television for the dissection educational videos focusing on the shoulder girdle; and lastly, skeletons for osteology. Thirty minutes were allotted per sub-station in the musculoskeletal station of LEAP. After completing the station, the students were provided with evaluation forms and a 30-item survey to determine the preferred teaching modality in musculoskeletal anatomy.Results. A total of 145 students out of the 178 students participated and answered the survey and evaluation form. Ninety-nine percent of the students rated the proctor-assisted dissection station great and excellent (13% and 86% respectively) and that 86% of the students preferred proctor-assisted dissection among the teaching modalities. Additionally, 89% (46% strongly disagreed and 43% disagreed) and 83% (55% strongly disagreed and 28% disagreed) of the students disagreed that they prefer self-directed module or dissection educational videos over traditional dissection, respectively. Mostof the students also agreed that the inability of face-toface dissection will affect their medical education (35% agreed and 64% strongly agreed) and majority of them thinks that cadaver dissection is vital in their medical education and towards becoming a doctor (14% agreed, 86% strongly agreed).
Conclusion. With the plethora of teaching modalities introduced during the pandemic, medical students still preferred the traditional proctor-assisted dissection. However, they see the value of the other teachingmodalities as an added armamentarium in enhancing anatomical knowledge.
Tech Wars
Authors: Gerstein Daniel M. 
Published: October 2023

This book explores the evolution of the current U.S. research and development enterprise, asks whether this organization remains appropriate to the challenges we face today, and proposes strategies for better preparing for the global technology race shaping our future.
Across the globe, nation states and societies, as well as corporations, technology developers, and even individuals, find themselves on the front lines of a global technology race. As we approach the third decade of this century, the outlines of the contest have become clear. Spending on research and development, such new methods as innovation centers, and inclusion of powerful technologies into governments and society are occurring at a rapid pace. Technology winners and losers are emerging.
How did we arrive at this global technology fight? How and where will it be waged? What can we do to prepare for the future? In 10 chapters, Tech Wars addresses these questions and more, examining the conditions that have led us to this point and introducing new strategies, organizational changes, and resource allocations that will help the United States respond to the challenges that are on the horizon.
LEI 13.431/17: AVANÇOS NA PROTEÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES ATRAVÉS DA ESCUTA PROTEGIDA CONTRA A REVITIMIZAÇÃO EM CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA
Authors: Guimarães Lyrielli Teixeira , Silva Diolina Rodrigues Santiago 
Published: October 2023

Este artigo buscou explora a eficácia da Lei 13.431/2017, que apresenta a aplicação da escuta protegida como elemento fundamental para proteger a dignidade de crianças e jovens que vivenciam ou testemunham alguma forma de violência. A importância deste estudo reside na contribuição para o aprimoramento dos procedimentos de escuta e no conhecimento que proporciona à sociedade. O propósito central é avaliar se os novos procedimentos adotados pela escuta protegida efetivamente reduzem a revitimização dessas crianças. Para atingir esse objetivo utilizou-se um método dedutivo com abordagem de pesquisa exploratória. Os resultados indicam que a escuta protegida é uma ferramenta valiosa no processo de oitiva, respaldada por evidências sólidas. Representando uma significativa contribuição para a compreensão da escuta protegida na preservação desses direitos. Enfatizando a necessidade de políticas públicas e conscientização da sociedade para garantir um atendimento mais seguro e protegido para todas as futuras gerações. Essa contribuição ressalta a importância da proteção dos direitos das crianças e adolescentes, destacando o compromisso com a construção de uma sociedade mais segura e acolhedora.
HISDAC-ES: historical settlement data compilation for Spain (1900–2020)
Authors: Uhl Johannes H. , Royé Dominic , Burghardt Keith , Aldrey Vázquez José A. , Borobio Sanchiz Manuel , Leyk Stefan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Multi-temporal measurements quantifying the changes to the Earth's surface are critical for understanding many natural, anthropogenic, and social processes. Researchers typically use remotely sensed Earth observation data to quantify and characterize such changes in land use and land cover (LULC). However, such data sources are limited in their availability prior to the 1980s. While an observational window of 40 to 50 years is sufficient to study most recent LULC changes, processes such as urbanization, land development, and the evolution of urban and coupled nature–human systems often operate over longer time periods covering several decades or even centuries. Thus, to quantify and better understand such processes, alternative historical–geospatial data sources are required that extend farther back in time. However, such data are rare, and processing is labor-intensive, often involving manual work. To overcome the resulting lack in quantitative knowledge of urban systems and the built environment prior to the 1980s, we leverage cadastral data with rich thematic property attribution, such as building usage and construction year. We scraped, harmonized, and processed over 12 000 000 building footprints including construction years to create a multi-faceted series of gridded surfaces, describing the evolution of human settlements in Spain from 1900 to 2020, at 100 m spatial and 5-year temporal resolution. These surfaces include measures of building density, built-up intensity, and built-up land use. We evaluated our data against a variety of data sources including remotely sensed human settlement data and land cover data, model-based historical land use depictions, and historical maps and historical aerial imagery and find high levels of agreement. This new data product, the Historical Settlement Data Compilation for Spain (HISDAC-ES), is publicly available (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22009643, Uhl et al., 2023a) and represents a rich source for quantitative, long-term analyses of the built environment and related processes over large spatial and temporal extents and at fine resolutions.
Global scale evaluation of precipitation datasets for hydrological modelling
Authors: Gebrechorkos Solomon Hailu , Leyland Julian , Dadson Simon J. , Cohen Sagy , Slater Louise , Wortmann Michel , Ashworth Philip J. , Bennett Georgina L. , Boothroyd Richard , Cloke Hannah , Delorme Pauline , Griffith Helen , Hardy Richard , Hawker Laurence , McLelland Stuart , Neal Jeffrey , Nicholas Andrew , Tatem Andrew J. , Vahidi Ellie , Liu Yinxue , Sheffield Justin , Parsons Daniel R. , Darby Stephen E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Precipitation is the most important driver of the hydrological cycle but is challenging to estimate over large scales from satellites and models. Here, we assessed the performance of six global and quasi-global high-resolution precipitation datasets (ERA5 global reanalysis (ERA5), Climate Hazards group Infrared Precipitation with Stations version 2.0 (CHIRPS), Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation version 2.80 (MSWEP), TerraClimate (TERRA), Climate Prediction Centre Unified version 1.0 (CPCU) and Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Cloud Classification System-Climate Data Record (PERCCDR)) for hydrological modelling globally and quasi-globally. We forced the WBMsed global hydrological model with the precipitation datasets to simulate river discharge from 1983 to 2019 and evaluated the predicted discharge against more than 1800 hydrological stations worldwide, using a range of statistical methods. The results show large differences in the accuracy of discharge predictions when using different precipitation input datasets. Based on evaluation at annual, monthly and daily time scales, MSWEP followed by ERA5 demonstrated a higher CC and KGE than other datasets for more than 50 % of the stations. Whilst, ERA5 was the second-highest performing dataset, it showed the highest error and bias in about 20 % of the stations. The PERCCDR is the least well performing dataset with large bias (percentage of bias up to 99 %) and errors (normalised root mean square error up to 247 %) with a higher KGE and CC than the other products in less than 10 % of the stations. Even though MSWEP provided the highest performance overall, our analysis reveals high spatial variability, meaning that it is important to consider other datasets in areas where MSWEP showed a lower performance. The results of this study provide guidance on the selection of precipitation datasets for modelling river discharge for a basin, region or climatic zone as there is no single best precipitation dataset globally. Finally, the large discrepancy in the performance of the datasets in different parts of the world highlights the need to improve global precipitation data products.
MagellanPlus Workshop: mission-specific platform approaches to assessing natural hazards that impact society
Authors: Daigle Hugh , Duarte João C. , Fagereng Ake , Paris Raphaël , Persaud Patricia , Gómez-García Ángela María ,   the Lisbon MagellanPlus Workshop Participants
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Oceanic natural hazards pose threats to coastal communities worldwide. These include earthquakes, tsunamis, submarine landslide, volcanic eruptions, and tropical cyclones. Scientific ocean drilling can contribute to our understanding and assessment of these hazards through rapid response measurements of hazardous events, learning from past hazard records, and sub-seafloor monitoring and observation. With the impending retirement of the D/V JOIDES Resolution and operational limitations of the D/V Chikyu, it is important to consider other options for achieving scientific ocean drilling goals. We convened a workshop in Lisbon, Portugal, in July 2022 to identify locations where natural hazards, or preferably several different hazards, can be addressed with mission-specific platform (MSP) drilling, with a consideration of further location-based workshops. Participants split into three working groups to develop hypotheses surrounding climate and tropical cyclones, slope failure, and processes at active margins that can be tested with MSP drilling and can be addressed using the unique capabilities of these platforms. We produced 13 questions or hypotheses with recommendations on specific areas or locations for drilling. Our hope is that the results of this workshop will lay the groundwork for future pre-proposals.
Melt-enhanced strain localization and phase mixing in a large-scale mantle shear zone (Ronda peridotite, Spain)
Authors: Tholen Sören , Linckens Jolien , Zulauf Gernold 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Strain localization in upper-mantle shear zones by grain size reduction and the activation of grain-size-sensitive deformation mechanisms is closely linked to phase mixing. With its mylonitic grain size (50–100 µm) and well-mixed phase assemblage, the kilometer-scale shear zone at the northwestern boundary of the Ronda peridotite is, in this respect, no exception. In transects across the high-strain mylonitic into the low-strain tectonitic part of this shear zone, the following four dominant microstructural domains were identified: (1) olivine-rich matrix, (2) mixed matrix, (3) neoblast tails of clinopyroxene porphyroclasts, and (4) neoblast tails of orthopyroxene porphyroclasts. In these domains, phase mixing and its impact on strain localization were investigated by a combination of microstructural (optical microscopy), textural (EBSD), and geochemical (EPMA) analysis. The dominant microstructural domain of all samples is the mixed matrix composed of olivine, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene. Its homogenous distribution of interstitial pyroxenes contradicts mechanical mixing. Instead, extensive phase mixing under near-steady-state conditions is documented by the constant grain size and by phase boundary percentages > 60 % for the entire mylonitic unit and all the microstructural domains. Lobate phase boundaries, homogenous phase mixing, and secondary-phase distribution, as well as continuous geochemical trends that are independent of the microstructural domain, point to a reaction-driven, metasomatic formation of the mixed matrix and pyroxene porphyroclast tails in the entire shear zone. An OH-bearing metasomatism by small fractions of evolved melts is indicated by amphibole abundance in pyroxene neoblast tails, olivine B-type-crystallographic-preferred orientations (CPOs), and the microstructural consistency of the garnet–spinel (grt–spl) mylonites from both major peridotite massifs of the Gibraltar arc, Ronda, and Beni Bousera (Morocco). The established syn-deformational temperature of 800–900 ∘C at 1.95–2.00 GPa suggests that the metasomatism did not reset the equilibrium temperatures. Consistent geochemistry and phase assemblage in mylonites and tectonites but a change from equiaxial (tectonites) to wedge-shaped pyroxenes aligned parallel to the foliation (mylonites) point to a pre- to syn-deformational metasomatism, with the potential annealing of the tectonites. For the mylonitic mixed matrix, wedge-shaped pyroxenes, and neoblast tail formation in pyroxene porphyroclast stress shadows point to the activity of incongruent dissolution–precipitation creep. Apart from the dissolution–precipitation creep, strong CPOs of all major phases (ol, opx, and cpx) suggest dislocation creep as being the major deformation mechanism in the entire shear zone.
Kilka uwag na marginesie artykułu ks. prof. dra Aleksego Petraniego, pt. "Zatarg księdza Bronisława Markiewicza z biskupem Józefem Pelczarem",
Authors: Ataman Julian 
Published: October 2023

Niniejsze opracowanie zawiera polemikę ks. Juliana Atamana z artykułem pt. Zatarg księdza Bronisława Markiewicza z biskupem Józefem Pelczarem autorstwa ks. Aleksego Petraniego.
APPLICATION OF SOLID SLAG MIXTURES BASED ON ALUMINUM OXIDE IN SMELTING OF LOW-SULFUR STEEL
Authors: Золин А.Н. , Добромилов А.А. , Есильбаев Р.Д. , Шафигулин Р.К. , Гуляков В.С. , Вусихис А.С. 
Published: October 2023

Технологический процесс выплавки стали в АО «АрселорМиттал Темиртау состоит из трех этапов: выплавка полупродукта в конвертере, внепечная обработка на установке ковш-печь и получения сляба на машине непрерывной разливки заготовки. По существующей технологии создание нужной жидкоподвижности рафинирующего шлака на установке ковш-печь осуществляется присадками в качестве разжижителя плавикового шпата. При применении плавикового шпата токсичные выделения фтора создают на рабочей площадке напряженную экологическую обстановку. Присутствие фтористых соединений в шлаке отрицательно влияет на стойкость футеровки ковша. Использование твердых шлаковых смесей на основе оксида алюминия на установке ковш-печь позволяет, не меняя технологического процесса и расхода шлакообразующих (извести), устранить: выделения фтора в атмосферу цеха, отрицательное влияние на стойкость шлакового пояса футеровки ковша, снизить себестоимость стали из-за отказа от применения плавикового шпата и снижения расхода алюминия, используемого для раскисления шлака.
The technological process of steel smelting at ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC consists of three stages: intermediate melting in a converter, outoffurnace treatment at a ladle-furnace unit and slab production at a continuous casting plant. According to the existing technology, the creation of the necessary fluidity of the refining slag at the ladle-furnace unit is carried out by adding fluorspar as a diluent. When fluorspar is used, toxic fluoride emissions create a stressful environment in the workplace. The presence of fluoride compounds in the slag adversely affects the durability of the ladle lining. The use of solid slag mixtures based on alumina on the ladle-furnace unit makes it possible, without changing the technological process and the consumption of slag-forming (lime), to exclude: fluorine emission into the atmosphere of the shop, negative influence on the durability of the ladle lining slag belt, reducing the cost of steel due to the abandonment of fluorspar and reducing the consumption of aluminum used for slag deoxidation.
DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR, MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NOVEL Al-Cu-Yb(Gd)-Mg-Mn-Zr ALLOYS
Authors: Мамзурина О.И. , Амер С.М. , Главатских М.В. , Барков Р.Ю. , Хомутов М.Г. , Поздняков А.В. 
Published: October 2023

В работе исследованы деформационное поведение, микроструктура и механические свойства листов из сплавов Al–Cu–Yb(Gd)–Mg–Mn–Zr. По результатам построения карт деформации определены оптимальные режимы термодеформационной обработки при температурах 490–540 °С и скоростях 0,01–1 с–1. Отжиг холоднокатанных листов при температуре до 180 °С приводит к преобладанию упрочняющего эффекта от старения над разупрочнением от полигонизации. Одночасовой отжиг листов-сплавов при 400 °С формирует частично рекристаллизованную структуру с резким снижением твердости со 145 HV до 75 HV. После 2 ч отжига при температуре 150 °С в сплавах сочетается высокие предел текучести 412–417 МПа, предел прочности – 441–449 МПа с относительным удлинением 2,7–3,2%. Закалка листов с последующим старением позволяет повысить пластичность до 5–8%, а предел текучести при этом составялет 300–306 МПа при пределе прочности 364–389 МПа.
Deformation behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al–Cu–Yb(Gd)–Mg–Mn-Zr alloys sheets were investigated. Based on the results of processing maps, the optimal modes of the thermomechanical treatment at temperatures of 490–540 °C and speeds of 0.01–1 s–1 were determined. Annealing of cold-rolled sheets at temperatures up to 180 °C leads to the predominance of the strengthening effect from aging over the softening from polygonization. One-hour annealing of alloy sheets at 400 °C forms a partially recrystallized structure with a sharp decrease in hardness from 145 HV to 75 HV. After 2 hours of annealing at 150 °C, the alloys combine a high yield strength of 412–417 MPa, a tensile strength of 441–449 MPa, and a good relative elongation of 2.7–3.2%. Sheet hardening followed by aging makes it possible to increase plasticity up to 5–8%, while the yield strength is 300–306 MPa with a tensile strength of 364–389 MPa.
Pancasila sebagai Basis Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka
Authors: Karjono Karjono 
Published: October 2023

Reformasi Tahun 1998 mengebiri Ideologi Pancasila hingga hampir dilupakan oleh bangsa Indonesia lebih dari 20 tahun, Pancasila seolah hilang dari dunia Pendidikan, Mata pelajaran pendidikan Pancasila diganti dengan Mata pelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaraan, namun beberapa tahun belakangan Pancasila dalam dunia Pendidikan mulai bangkit kembali sejak digaungkan oleh Badan Pembinaan Ideologi Pancasila. Pancasila hadir dalam konsep yang berbeda yaitu sebagai dasar dalam Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Menteri Pendidikan Kebudayaan Riset dan Teknologi turut meluncurkan Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka untuk menjawab tantangan perubahan, namun kebijakan ini hadir lebih awal sebelum ditetapkannya Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2022 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan, atas dasar hal tersebut perlu menjawab permasalahan sebagai berikut: 1. Bagaimana konsep Pancasila sebagai basis Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka? 2. Bagaimana Nilai Pancasila dapat diimplementasikan melalui Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka?, Pertanyaan-pertanyaan itu perlu dijawab dalam rangka memperkuat kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka serta relevan dengan perkembangan peraturan perundang-undangan. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan yang mendasarkan pada kajian dalam pendekatan filosofis-historis maka diperoleh kesimpulan: Pertama Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka sejalan dengan Konsep Pancasila dan Masyarakat Pancasila, Kedua intisari atau Pokok-pokok Kebijakan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka mengindikasikan implementasi nilai Pancasila.