bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue Forschungen zu Leonardo da Vinci als Ingenieur
Authors: Lohrmann Dietrich 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Although the 500th anniversary of Leonardo’s death in 2019 produced a wealth of new publications, including a four-volume monograph by Carmen Bambach, annotated new editions and the first monograph on Leonardo as an engineer, the myriad problems posed by his scientific and technological legacy have by no means been resolved. Much remains to be done on the reconstruction of the numerous writings he announced or intended to write later. As regards major projects such as the drainage of the Pontine Marshes we should consider the extent to which Leonardo could truly have conceived the plans associated with him without the help of other experts. Leonardo’s claimed military ambitions when he left Florence for Milan in 1482 have been accepted in the newly published monographs, although a wealth of material from the following years indicates that he became familiar with military matters only much later. This is particularly true of the military qualifications Leonardo lists in his first letter to Ludovico Sforza. His famous letter dates to the year 1489 and not to Leonardo’s move from Florence to Milan in 1482.
On Ulam type of stability for stochastic integral equations with Volterra noise
Authors: Bishop Sheila A. , Iyase Samuel A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper concerns the existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions of stochastic Volterra integral equations perturbed by some random processes. The obtained results extend, generalize and enrich the theory of stochastic Volterra integral equations in literature. Lastly, for illustration, we give an example that agrees with the theoretical analysis.
The crystal and molecular structure of 1-ferrocenyl-3,3-bis(methylthio)prop-2-en-1-one
Authors: Kumar Vedaant , May Kathleen L. , Lough Alan J. , Gossage Robert A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The title compound 1-ferrocenyl-3,3-bis(methylthio)prop-2-en-1-one (1), a key intermediate in the synthesis of ferrocene-containing heterocycles, has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with 8 molecules in the unit cell. Unit cell parameters are 12.8159(10), 10.8121(9), and 20.8411(16) Å for a, b and c, respectively with β = 98.985(4)°. There are two distinct molecules in the asymmetric unit (A and B). Both molecules display a nearly eclipsed conformation with respect to the individual intramolecular cyclopentadienyl units in addition to close intramolecular contacts between the carbonyl O atom and one S atom of the bis-methylthiol functionality. Close intermolecular contacts involving A and B are noted with respect to S⋯H interactions between a thiol-S and the substituted Cp group in addition to C=O∙∙∙HC= interactions with the ene-moiety and a H atom located on one of the thiomethyl groups.
Paralog dispensability shapes homozygous deletion patterns in tumor genomes
Authors: De Kegel Barbara , Ryan Colm J 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGenomic instability is a hallmark of cancer, resulting in tumor genomes having large numbers of genetic aberrations, including homozygous deletions of protein coding genes. That tumor cells remain viable in the presence of such gene loss suggests high robustness to genetic perturbation. In model organisms and cancer cell lines, paralogs have been shown to contribute substantially to genetic robustness—they are generally more dispensable for growth than singletons. Here, by analyzing copy number profiles of > 10,000 tumors, we test the hypothesis that the increased dispensability of paralogs shapes tumor genome evolution. We find that genes with paralogs are more likely to be homozygously deleted and that this cannot be explained by other factors known to influence copy number variation. Furthermore, features that influence paralog dispensability in cancer cell lines correlate with paralog deletion frequency in tumors. Finally, paralogs that are broadly essential in cancer cell lines are less frequently deleted in tumors than non‐essential paralogs. Overall, our results suggest that homozygous deletions of paralogs are more frequently observed in tumor genomes because paralogs are more dispensable.
Teenager’s Resistance to Patriarchy in School: A Feminist Movement Representation on Moxie Film
Authors: Prasetya Adinda Angel Aulia Dewi , Oktafiyani Elve 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis research aimed to reveal the representation of patriarchy in school and teeanger's feminist movement on Moxie film. MethodThis qualitative research study employed a qualitative content analysis as the design of the research. The data from the film were selected, collected and analyzed using representation theory by Stuart Hall and feminism approach.Results/FindingsThe result showed that Moxie represented patriarchy in school by portraying female objectification, represive school regulation against female, patriarchy in student's reading material, male's achievement glorification, and supporting attitue towards patriarchal practices. Since the female students experienced various disadvantages, the film also represented their feminist movement through the publication of anonymous feminist magazine, the action of females speak up in the public, embracing lesbian identities, the action of visual protest symbolism and act of solidarity, the activism on social media, and the action of school vandalismConclusionThe female teenager in Rockport High School resisted patriarchy in school by representing different feminist movements based on their personal experience and understanding of patriarchal practices and feminism
Distribution and status of Posidonia oceanica meadows on the North-Western coast of Algeria
Authors: Bentaallah M. E. A. , Baghdadi D. , Cantasano N. 
Published: November 2023

Posidonia oceanica is an endemic species of the Mediterranean Sea that in pristine coastal waters forms extensive meadows, which are, actually, exposed to natural and anthropogenic pressures, causing their regression throughout the basin. The aim of our study is to summarise and evaluate current knowledge about the characterisation of Posidonia oceanica along the Western Algerian coast, in order to provide new evidence about the distribution and health status this species. To realize our objectives, we combined extracted data from published articles, theses, results of project reports, in situ observations and laboratory analysis. The results show the presence of the meadows in fifteen coastal zones of Western Algeria, mainly located in shallow surface waters from 0.5 to 18 metres depth.The mean leaf length across all sites ranged from 153 to 667 mm. The mean number of leaves/shoot ranged between 4.7 ± 0.9 and 6.0 ± 0.5 leaves/shoot. Leaf length showed a highly significant difference between the cold and hot season. The data analysis shows that the leaf biometric values and the shoot densities of the P. oceanica are greater than those of Mediterranean samples although these measures tend to decrease deeply. The analyses carried out on structural features of P. oceanica show that the Western Algerian meadows are, globally, in good health status according to standardised scale. The available data on P. oceanica summarised in this article represent an important starting point to build effective plans for understanding levels of environmental threats and for supporting conservation strategies for these important ecosystems. Conversely, the limited information available on this seagrass along the Western Algerian costs only allows the description of some structural features, and permits us to draw overall conclusions on its general health status.
Computational Psychometrics: Near Future or Reality
Authors: Грачева Дарья , Тарасова Ксения 
Published: November 2023

This book continues a series of books on the methodology of educational testing and assessment written by leading psychometricians and researchers in the field of educational assessment. Computational psychometrics is defined as the combination of computer science methods and psychometric measurement principles for analysing data obtained as a result of testing using technologically advanced test formats. The first part of the book discusses the changes that have occurred in teaching and educational assessment under the influence of digital technologies. The second part provides an overview of computational psychometric methods: from traditional psychometric models to machine learning technologies.
The material in the book can be useful to students and researchers in the field of psychometrics who are involved in the development, design and analysis of learning systems and measurements using complex test formats and data. The strength of the book is an electronic application containing the code of the R or Python programming environment for the methodological chapters.
A review on plants possesses anti tubercular activity
Authors: Prajapati Anil Kumar , Patil Pratiksha , Joshi Sneha 
Published: November 2023

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease condition that mainly affects the lungs, and the responsible bacteria is . Over 4,000 people each day die from this disease, which also claims 1.2–1.5 million lives annually and has infected 1.7–2 billion individuals globally. The literature review was conducted by studying the research papers and review articles concentrating on the traditional plants having “Antituberculosis activity or anti-mycobacterial activity”, in electronic databases like PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The available synthetic therapy for tuberculosis treatment includes first-line treatment of five drugs namely “Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, and Streptomycin. The synthetic drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis result in hepatotoxicity and also cause resistance against bacteria, resulting in MDR TB and XDR TB. Plant-derived drugs have potent activity against tuberculosis bacteria also they give hepatoprotective activity, unlike the synthetic drugs with no resistance against the bacteria. Medicinal plant products are good alternatives to allopathic medicine with fewer side effects and with less chances of resistance. Because polyherbal formulation act by different mechanisms to inhibit the growth of bacteria. More research is required to explore the plant-based treatment of TB.
Atlantic solidarity of Germany: between the &quot;restrictive policy&quot; and the export of weapons to conflict zones
Authors: Khrishkevich Tatiana 
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the approaches of the German government to limiting the export of weapons to conflict zones. The article correlates the supply of military weapons of Germany and the United States. The increase in the volume of supplies to Ukraine confirms the commitment of the German government to Atlantic solidarity with the United States and NATO. Political principles, export legislation, the National Security Strategy of Germany, the draft Law on Arms Export Control, which offer restrictive approaches to the supply of lethal weapons to conflict zones, are not being implemented in practice. They are declarative documents. The article analyzes the public and political discussion that has developed around the restrictions that should be introduced into the law on arms export control.
Complete Left Bundle Branch Block in Acute Coronary Syndrome with ST Segment Elevation: Epidemiological Features
Authors: ZOUZOU Hanane 
Published: November 2023

Background: Complete left bundle branch in acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation is not common, but known as a sign of poor prognosis.
Several international studies had reported its incidence and related mortality, but its epidemiological data is lacking in Algeria.
Aims: The main objective of our study is the determination of the frequency of complete left bundle branch block in acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation, the secondary objective was the analysis of its predictive factors and related mortality.
Methods and materials: In this prospective study, conducted in the cardiology department of Hussein Dey hospital (Algiers-Algeria), 467 patients with acute coronary syndrome with elevated ST segment (87 women and 380 men) were enrolled between 28 February 2014 and 16 July 2015. The average age is 60 ± 13 years; at admission, a Holter recorder was attached for continuous ECG monitoring during 48 hours.
Kruskal’s ANNOVA or H tests were used for comparison of quantitative variables, χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test, were used for qualitative variables, all tests were performed with 1st species risk of 5%.
Results: The frequency of complete left bundle brunch block is 1.7 % (8 patients), CI 95%: [0.5%-2.9%], multivariate analysis identified the two independent predictors: diabetes type 1, and Angiotensin Receptor-Blockers as current treatment.
Despite the risk of mortality expressed by Hazard Ration (HR) is 4.7, but remains not significant: CI95%: [0.62-36], p = 0.134; however, the risk of ventricular fibrillation occurrence is high, with relative risk (RR) at 7.17, CI 95 %: [2.70-19.03], p = 0.007.
Conclusion: Complete left bundle brunch block is not common in acute coronary syndrome with elevated ST segment, its predictive factors according to our study are: Diabetes type 1 and Angiotensin Receptor-Blockers as current treatment.
The high-risk mortality in the left bundle brunch block group isn’t significant; however the risk of ventricular fibrillation occurrence is high.
Perspectivas sobre a inquisitorialidade no processo penal brasileiro: heranças do tecnicismo-fascista
Authors: Silveira Felipe Lazzari da 
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem como escopo problematizar as raízes do autoritarismo no processo penal brasileiro, especificamente o legado do tecnicista-fascista e sua contribuição para a manutenção da estrutura processual vigente e da racionalidade que viabiliza o arbítrio no campo. Sua elaboração foi procedida mediante pesquisa histórica, através de revisão de bibliografia e de documentos pertinentes ao tema, sendo que os resultados da investigação estão estruturados em quatro tópicos, nos quais são analisados a construção dos paradigmas inquisitoriais; a forma como eles foram reaproveitados pela tradição jurídico-penal liberal e pelo positivismo criminológico e se consubstanciaram no tecnicismo-jurídico; o desenvolvimento da processualística fascista; e os pormenores da introdução da orientação tecnicista-fascista no processo penal brasileiro e seus reflexos no atual contexto.
Kilometer-scale global warming simulations and active sensors reveal changes in tropical deep convection
Authors: Bolot Maximilien , Harris Lucas , Cheng Kai-Yuan , Merlis Tim , Blossey Peter , Bretherton Christopher , Clark Spencer , Kaltenbaugh Alex , Zhou Linjiong , Fueglistaler Stephan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Changes in tropical deep convection with global warming are a leading source of uncertainty for future climate projections. A comparison of the responses of active sensor measurements of cloud ice to interannual variability and next-generation global storm-resolving model (also known as k-scale models) simulations to global warming shows similar changes for events with the highest column-integrated ice. The changes reveal that the ice loading decreases outside the most active convection but increases at a rate of several percent per Kelvin surface warming in the most active convection. Disentangling thermodynamic and vertical velocity changes shows that the ice signal is strongly modulated by structural changes of the vertical wind field towards an intensification of strong convective updrafts with warming, suggesting that changes in ice loading are strongly influenced by changes in convective velocities as well as a path toward extracting information about convective velocities from observations.
Predicting incident radiographic knee osteoarthritis through quantitative meniscal lesion parameters: the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Bo Kaida , Liu Xin , Ou Jianliang , Zhang Yuanyi , Wang Xu , Yang Shuo , Zhang Wei , Zhang Lelei , Chang Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: This study investigates the potential of novel meniscal parameters as predictive factors for incident radiographic knee osteoarthritis (ROA) over a span of four years, as part of the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) study.
Methods: A subset of 178 knees (from 176 patients ) from the OAI study, with incident ROA (Kellgren Lawrence Grade (KLG) 0 or 1 at baseline (BL), evolving into KLG 2 or above by year 4), were matched for gender, age and radiographic status on a one-to-one basis with 178 control knees (from 178 patients) that did not develop incident ROA (KLG 0 or 1 at BL, KLG<2 by year 4). Mean distance from medial-to-lateral meniscal lesions [Mean(MLD)], mean value of tibial plateau width [Mean(TPW)] and the mean of the relative percentage of the medial to lateral meniscal lesions distance [Mean(RMLD)] were evaluated through coronal T2-weighted turbo spin echo (TSE) MRI. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to assess the risk of incident ROA associated with novel meniscus parameters after adjustment for covariates. Sensitivity analysis was performed for P-0 (the visit when ROA was identified on radiographs), P-1(one year prior to P-0) and the incidence of ROA at baseline (enrollment period).
Results: Mean(MLD) and Mean(RMLD) were significantly greater for incident knees compared to no incident knees at BL P-1and P-0. [Mean(MLD), Mean(RMLD); (42.56-49.73) mean ± (7.70-9.52) mm SD vs (38.14-40.78) mean ± (5.51-7.05)mm SD; (58.61-68.95) mean ± (8.52-11.40) mm SD vs (52.52-56.35) mean ± (6.53-7.85)mm SD, respectively]. The baseline meniscus measurement parameters included Mean(MLD), Mean(TPW), and Mean(RMLD). Baseline Mean(MLD) and Mean(RMLD), [Adjusted OR, 95%CI: 1.11(1.07 to 1.16) and 1.13(1.09 to 1.17), respectively], were associated with incident ROA during 4 years, However, Mean(TPW) [Adjusted OR, 95%CI: 0.98(0.94 to 1.02)] was not associated with incident ROA during 4 years. At baseline, Mean (MLD) and Mean (RMLD) were significantly different between the case and control groups. While Mean(TPW) at P-1 and P-0 was not associated with the risk of incident ROA, Mean(MLD) and Mean(RMLD) at P-1 and P-0 were significantly positively associated with the risk of incident ROA.
Conclusions: Compared to the control group, Mean(MLD) and Mean(RMLD) at baseline, P-1 and P-0 were higher in the case group, and significant differentiation of these measures was observed among the groups. These novel meniscus parameters alterations could be an important imaging biomarker to predict the occurrence of ROA.
Novel, broad and potent spike-specific human monoclonal antibodies inhibit SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages
Authors: Walker Melanie , Underwood Alexander , Raghavan Sai Sundar Rajan , Bassi Maria , Björnsson Kasper , Binderup Alekxander , Pham Long , Ramirez Santseharay , Pinholt Mette , Dagil Robert , Knudsen Anne , Idorn Manja , Søgaard Max , Wang Kaituo , Salanti Ali , Bukh Jens , Barfod Lea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern with mutated spike receptor binding domains has rendered many therapeutic mAbs ineffective. To date, there are no clinically authorized therapeutic antibodies effective against the predominant circulating sub-lineages BQ and XBB. Here, we report the isolation of broad and potent neutralizing HuMabs from a Danish healthcare worker infected with SARS-CoV-2 early in the pandemic. These HuMabs include a novel and genetically unique non-RBD-specific HuMab (K501SP6) which can neutralize Omicron sub-lineages BQ and XBB, and an RBD-specific HuMab (K501SP3) with high potency towards earlier circulating variants but was escaped by Omicron sub-lineages BA.5, BQ and XBB through F486 and E484 substitutions. Characterizing SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific HuMabs, including broadly reactive non-RBD-specific HuMabs, can give insight into the immune mechanisms involved in neutralization and immune evasion, which can be a valuable addition to already existing SARS-CoV-2 therapies.
The Influence of Various Grease Compositions and Silver Nanoparticle Additives on Electrically Induced Rolling-element Bearing Damage
Authors: Bond Samuel , Jackson Robert L. , Mills German 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Leakage currents accelerate surface degradation of metal contacts via small scale arcing across lubricating films, but recent observations suggest that metallic nanoparticle additives in lubricants may be useful to improve contact performance. These findings prompted a study dealing that examined electrically induced surface pitting of steel contacts in the presence of several lubricating greases including some containing nanometer-sized colloidal Ag particles. Reciprocating rolling sphere-on-disk experiments were conducted under electro-tribological loads employing polyurea greases derived from mineral and synthetic base oils with and without additives. Preparation of greases modified with nanoparticles used only Ag colloids stable in hydrocarbons, which prevented particle aggregation. Friction forces and electrical resistance were monitored continuously during the tests; surface changes were characterized by means of optical spectroscopy, stylus profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including compositional analysis using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The observations demonstrate that surface pitting induced by arcing occurs mainly at the points were the rolling motion changes direction and that eroded metal is deposited along the wear grove. Micron-sized pits are formed which contain carbon and oxygen indicating that arcing causes decomposition of the hydrocarbon lubricants. All the findings indicate a significant inhibition of pitting induced by the nanoparticles; some greases containing other additives exhibit a similar, although less pronounced, effect.
The effect of thermomechanical welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of S700MC steel welds
Authors: WANG PENG , Gomes Felipe Martins , Warchomicka Fernando Gustavo , Ernst Wolfgang , Vallant Rudolf , Poletti Maria Cecilia , Enzinger Norbert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Grain refinement by plastic deformation attempts to compensate for the loss of mechanical properties of welded joints during conventional TIG welding. We performed thermomechanical welding (TMW) tests on the S700MC steel with welding combinations of the TIG arc heating and frequent hammering over three target cooling times (t8/5 = 5s, 15s and 25s). Additionally, we analysed the effect of initial microstructures on the weld joint quality by testing three materials conditions: hot-rolled (as-received), and cold-rolled with 10% and 30% thickness reductions. We separately studied the effects of plastic deformation, and the mechanical vibration on the grain refinement. Optical microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction and Vickers hardness were used to characterise the weld microstructure heterogeneity. We correlated the weld width and depth, and the mean grain size as the function of cooling time t8/5. The results show that the weld dimensions increase as increasing the t8/5. The weld microstructures transformed from the mixed martensite and bainite into the mixed ferrite and bainite with increasing mean grain size as increasing the t8/5 time. The TMW welds exhibit smaller grains compared to TIG welds due to the coupled effects of the mechanical vibration and plastic deformation. The mechanical vibration contributes to weld metal homogenisation, accelerating TiN precipitation in the fusion zone. The proposed TMW process can refine the weld microstructures of S700MC steel, enhancing its mechanical properties.