bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical dipole potential energy of a two-level atom interacting with a tightly focused truncated optical Bessel beam
Authors: Alquraishi M , Lembessis V E , Lyras A , Aldossary O M 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Truncated optical Bessel (TOB) beams are an orthonormal set of optical vortex beams that possess orbital angular momentum (OAM). It is characterized by a significant longitudinal electric field component at the sub-wavelength scales. The photons of a circularly polarized TOB beam also carry spin angular momentum (SAM) and can interact with a two-level atom, in the far-off resonance regime, giving rise to an optical dipole potential energy that involves a spin–orbit term that stems from the inclusion of the longitudinal field component. When a two-level atom is simultaneously irradiated by two TOB beams, the optical dipole potential energy, in some special cases, is entirely dependent on the OAM–SAM coupling. We explore the cold-atom trapping options enabled by the use of TOB beams, either single ones or combinations thereof. We put emphasis on case in which the OAM–SAM coupling is the dominant contribution. The similarities and differences between the results obtained for the TOB beams and those for the Laguerre–Gaussian beams are also discussed.
Solution Processed Light Emitting Diode Based on InP Quantum Dots with Hybrid Emissive Layer
Authors: Nasrud Din , Fawad Saeed , Sajid Hussain , Premkumar sellan , Qasim Khan , Wei Lei , Li Qing , Zhu Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Solution-processable Cadmium-based Quantum dots light emitting diodes (QLEDs) are regarded as a good candidate for good performance display devices due to excellent color purity and inexpensive production. However, the toxicity still poses a severe risk. Although the most effective cadmium-free substance is thought to be InP for producing efficient QLEDs, its efficiency falls far short of its cadmium-based counterparts. We made a homogeneous thin film by mixing the organic compound 4, 4-bis (N-carbazyle)-1, 1-biphenyl (CBP) with InP/ZnSe quantum dots (QDs). Then, in our QLED design, we utilized this film as an emissive layer. The new QDs-based device showed a higher luminance of 14600 cd/m2 and having higher external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 11.6%. We discovered that the mixed QDs without any phase separation had a consistent distribution of CBP, which facilitated transfer of energy to QDs and injection of holes into the emissive layer. The blended QD was also shown to restrict injection of electrons into the hole transport/injection layers, protecting the device’s structural integrity. Developing a balanced charge in stable optoelectronic devices densities has a high potential when a homogeneous QD layer is combined with an effective charge transport material.
High-performance CH3NH3PbBr3 Polycrystalline Wafer Prepared by Hot-pressing Method
Authors: Ding Yijing , Liu Shilin , Liang Xingchen , Li Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Considering the drawbacks of the common methods for CH3NH3PbBr3 single crystal growth, such as the complicated and uncontrollable process, a simple hot-pressing (HP) method was introduced to fabricate CH3NH3PbBr3 polycrystalline wafers. The effect of hot-pressing temperature on the crystalline quality and corresponding optical and electrical properties of the CH3NH3PbBr3 polycrystalline wafers was investigated. The hot-pressing temperature for CH3NH3PbBr3 was optimized at 150°C, and the optimized CH3NH3PbBr3 wafer exhibited a low defect density (1.55×1010 cm−3), long carrier lifetime (1734 ns), and high carrier mobility (51.24 cm2V−1s−1) as a photoconductive detector. Furthermore, the detector showed a highly sensitive weak light response under 525 nm LED illumination with an optical power density of 84 nWcm−2, exhibiting a high responsivity of 63 AW−1, EQE of 1.5×104 %, and detectivity of 2.33×1013 Jones, and a fast response speed with a rise time of 17.7 μs and a fall time of 57.4 μs has been achieved.
A research on MoTe2-based memristor and switching stability improvement
Authors: Yu Tianqi , Zhao Zhiwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Electronic synapse based on two-dimensional material are equivalent to synapses because of their excellent properties, which is very pivotal for constructing neuromorphic computing to break through the traditional Von Neumann architecture. In the study, a vertical double-ended memristor is prepared by using the dispersion of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets. Memristors based on MoTe2 structure show stable bipolar nonvolatile resistive behavior. Based on this, we introduce carbon dots layer into the original device structure, and improve the device performance by using carbon atoms to form new conductive filaments driven by electric field. This research provides a reliable solution for the next generation of neuromorphic computing.
Research on the Co-simulation System of Subway Control Circuits
Authors: Lu Yinfeng , Zhang Wenchuan , Qian Xuejun , Luo Jiacheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of complex control logic and the difficulty of simulating function modules due to the high coupling degree of subway control circuits, a subway control circuit co-simulation system is designed in this paper. By analysing the components data and connection relationship in the subway control circuit schematic diagrams, the network topologies are automatically generated, and the mathematical relationships between nodes, branches and components states are established, so as to build a complete logical control model. The depth-first search (DFS) algorithm is adopted to search the effective path across the topology, the event management unit is added to solve the linkage control of the relay, and the logic function simulation of the function module is realized by embedded script. Finally, the feasibility of the simulation system is verified through the simulation test of the subway door control circuits and the analysis of the simulation results. The system is conducive to the functional test and algorithm verification at the subway design stage, and has a good application prospect in the field of subway driver training.
A 42 GHz low phase noise Colpitts VCO in 180-nm SiGe BiCMOS
Authors: Zhou Meixin , Cheng Guoxiao , Chen Yiming , Wu Wen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a 39.1 to 42.5 GHz low phase noise Colpitts voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using 180-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. In order to achieve better phase noise, an optimization method related to capacitance ratio is analyzed. Meanwhile, the linearization method is used to achieve a linearized KVCO which is robust to varactor bias variations. The simulated VCO features a tuning range of 8%, low phase noise of –95.3 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset, voltage supply of 3.3 V and power consumption of 40 mW, which results in a FOM
T
of –170 dBc/Hz.
Dead-Zone Free, Static Phase Offset Improvement Phase Detector for High Resolution and Low Jitter Delay-Locked Loop
Authors: Wu Ruihuang , Huang Yuxuan , Sun Haoning , Sun Kangkang , Liu Jia , Lin Yuqi , Pang Xueting , Liu Jingjing , Zhan Wen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This work presents a phase detector (PD) having dead-zone free and static phase offset improvement performance. The proposed phase detector inherits the low power consumption advantage of the conventional phase detector using two true-single-phase clocking (TSPC) DFFs. It also effectively reduces the static phase offset, even in the presence of inevitable charge pump current mismatch. And the dead-zone problem of conventional TSPC PD is overcome by using a falling edge delay inverter. The PD is implemented using a standard 180nm CMOS technology. The dimension of the PD’s layout is 11μm×16μm. Post-layout simulation shows that the power consumption is 53.8μW at 250MHz and 160μW at 800MHz. It achieves tiny static phase offset even if the charge pump has a 3.8% current mismatch.
Smoke simulation and emergency evacuation simulation under indoor fire scenario
Authors: Jia Shilong , Zhao Lei , Yang Dong , Sun Lei , Liang Bo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
According to relevant data, when a fire occurs in a large public building, human life and property will be greatly threatened. In order to solve the problem of personnel evacuation under fire conditions, this paper starts with ant colony algorithm and introduces heuristic function, node selection strategy, and pheromone update to improve ant colony algorithm, so as to provide a scientific basis for personnel evacuation after fire. Based on BIM technology, smoke simulation technology, and evacuation simulation technology, this paper studies the evacuation of people in fire scenarios. Simulation of fire smoke and personnel evacuation is carried out on the BIM model of the shopping mall. Using Pyrosim software to simulate the spread of smoke in the shopping mall after the fire, the smoke temperature, fire visibility and CO concentration of each node are obtained.
Dynamic change of forest ecological carrying rate in Yunnan province
Authors: Hu Yuexiang , Fu Wei , Chen Jiancheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Based on the concept of green development, with Yunnan Province as the research object and forest ecological carrying rate as the target layer, two sub-systems of forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution pressure were constructed. The TOPSIS method was used to calculate the forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution pressure index of Yunnan Province from 2011 to 2020, so as to obtain the forest ecological carrying rate. The results showed that: (1) the forest ecological carrying capacity index in Yunnan Province increased first, then decreased and then increased in the past 10 years. (2) The environmental pollution pressure index of Yunnan Province showed an overall rising trend in the past 10 years. (3) The forest ecological carrying rate in Yunnan Province is still in overload state. Therefore, to improve the level of forest ecological carrying capacity in Yunnan Province, it is necessary to formulate relevant policies from two aspects: forest ecological carrying capacity and environmental pollution.
Application of Kalman filter in wharf surface displacement of Beidou automatic monitoring
Authors: Fang Xinyu , Yao Xiaowei , Xie Jing , Liu Dun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To meet the requirements for real-time dynamic monitoring of wharf surface displacement, an automatic monitoring system based on Beidou satellite navigation was constructed, and it was applied to monitor the surface displacement of a wharf in Tianjin Port. Next, the sensible system noise of the Kalman filter state equation was determined by the simulation experiment. Finally, the monitoring data were processed and analyzed by Kalman filter. The results show that the accuracy of the monitoring data can be improved by more than 30% by Kalman filtering, particularly the elevation direction accuracy can reach more than 40%. The plane and elevation accuracy can be less than 1.5mm, after the Beidou automatic monitoring data has been processed by Kalman filtering, and this meets the needs for most engineering deformation monitoring. In a word, the Beidou automatic monitoring system is characterized by continuity, real-time and high precision, and can be applied to most engineering deformation monitoring requirements.
Simulation study of total ionizing dose effect of gamma radiation on 15 nm bulk FinFET
Authors: Fan J.Q. , Hou T.H. , Zhao Q. , Zhang F. , Li K. , Fang J. , Hao J.H. , Dong Z.W. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
FinFET is a new mainstream semiconductor device that is
widely used in space applications. This paper studies the effects of
radiation damage typically encountered in space applications by
simulating the effects of total ionizing dose (TID) from 0 to
1 Mrad on a 15 nm n-type bulk FinFET. In particular we have
simulated the effects of radiation damage on the transfer
characteristic curve, threshold voltage and subthreshold swing of
the FinFET. We have also varied some device process parameters such
as gate length, fin width and fin height in order to assess their
impact on the device susceptibility to radiation damage and our
results show that the device structure with longer gate length,
wider fin width and taller fin height have better performance. In
addition, the higher channel doping concentration, the use of
SiO2 in the gate, and the low device operating temperature can
also effectively reduce the TID effects.
Systematic investigations on ion dynamics with noises in Paul trap
Authors: Wang Ying-Xiang , Liu Sheng-Chen , Cheng Lin , Peng Liang-You 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ions confined in a Paul trap serve as crucial platforms in various research fields, including quantum computing and precision spectroscopy. However, the ion dynamics is inevitably influenced by different types of noise, which require accurate computations and general analytical analysis to facilitate diverse applications based on trapped ions with white or colored noise. In the present work, we investigate the motion of ions in a Paul trap via the Langevin equation using both analytical and numerical methods, systematically studying three different types of noise: the white noise, the colored noise via the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and the Wiener process. For the white noise of the case, we provide a recursion method to calculate ion motion for a wide range of parameters. Furthermore, we present an analytical solution to the more realistic stochastic process associated with the colored noise, verified by the Monte Carlo simulation. By comparing the results of the colored noise with those of the white noise, and additionally considering another limit of noise parameters corresponding to the Wiener process, we summarize the effects of different noise types on the ion dynamics.
Effect of pulse frequency on the surface properties and corrosion resistance of a plasma-nitrided Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Kaewnisai Suninad , Chingsungnoen Artit , Poolcharounsin Phitsanu , Jongwannasiri Chavin , Manaspon Chawan , Udomsom Suruk , Ohgoe Yasuharu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this work, Ti-6Al-4V alloy, commonly used as implant material in biomedical applications, was treated by plasma nitriding. The nitriding process was carried out using an N2-H2 plasma (1000:500 sccm) at an operating pressure of about 866 Pa. The current regulation was about 1.8 A, the negative voltage was about 480–500 V, and the power was 840–940 W. The nitriding temperature was maintained at 650 ± 5 °C, and the nitriding time was 240 min. Bipolar pulse frequencies were varied at 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kHz. Analysis by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction spectrometer (GI-XRD) revealed the presence of δ-TiN and ε-Ti2N phases in all nitrided samples. The hardness depth profile was measured with a penetration depth of about 5 nm using the enhanced stiffness procedure (ESP). The results showed that all the nitrided samples had a surface hardness approximately three times that of the unnitrided sample. This result is consistent with that from glow discharge emission spectroscopy (GD-OES), which confirmed the diffusion distance of nitrogen atoms from the surface of about 5 μm. After plasma nitriding, the surface roughness tended to increase, resulting in an increase in the water contact angle (WCA) and a decrease in the work of adhesion. The specific wear rate (ball-on-disk) of all nitrided samples decreased and was significantly lower at a bipolar pulse frequency of 50 kHz. This result is consistent with the stability of the coefficient of friction (COF) after 6000 sliding cycles. Moreover, the nitrided sample at 50 kHz exhibited the lowest corrosion current density in artificial saliva based on the Tafel potential polarization method.
Multiscale stability of an intertidal kelp (Postelsia palmaeformis) near its northern range edge through a period of prolonged heatwaves
Authors: Csordas Matthew , Starko Samuel , Neufeld Christopher J , Thompson Sarah Ann , Baum Julia K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Climate change, including gradual changes and extreme weather events, is driving widespread species losses and range shifts. These climatic changes are felt acutely in intertidal ecosystems, where many organisms live close to their thermal limits and experience the extremes of both marine and terrestrial environments. A recent series of multiyear heatwaves in the northeast Pacific Ocean might have impacted species even towards their cooler, northern range edges. Among them, the high intertidal kelp Postelsia palmaeformis has traits that could make it particularly vulnerable to climate change, but it is critically understudied.

Methods
In 2021 and 2022, we replicated in situ and aerial P. palmaeformis surveys that were conducted originally in 2006 and 2007, in order to assess the state of northern populations following recent heatwaves. Changes in P. palmaeformis distribution, extent, density and morphometrics were assessed between these two time points over three spatial scales, ranging from 250 m grid cells across the entire 167 km study region, to within grid cells and the individual patch.

Key Results
We found evidence consistent with population stability at all three scales: P. palmaeformis remained present in all 250 m grid cells in the study region where it was previously found, and neither the extent within cells nor the patch density changed significantly between time points. However, there was evidence of slight distributional expansion, increased blade lengths and a shift to earlier reproductive timing.

Conclusions
We suggest that apparent long-term stability of P. palmaeformis might be attributable to thermal buffering near its northern range edge and from the wave-exposed coastlines it inhabits, which may have decreased the impacts of heatwaves. Our results highlight the importance of multiscale assessments when examining changes within species and populations, in addition to the importance of dispersal capability and local conditions in regulating the responses of species to climate change.
A method for measurement of human asparagine synthetase (ASNS) activity and application to ASNS protein variants associated with ASNS deficiency
Authors: Chang Mario C , Staklinski Stephen J , Merritt Matthew E , Kilberg Michael S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Human asparagine synthetase (ASNS) catalyzes the conversion of aspartate to asparagine in an ATP-dependent reaction that utilizes glutamine as a nitrogen source while generating glutamate, AMP, and pyrophosphate as additional products. Asparagine Synthetase Deficiency (ASNSD) is an inborn error of metabolism in which children present with homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the ASNS gene. These mutations result in ASNS variant protein expression. It is believed that these variant ASNS proteins have reduced enzymatic activity or stability resulting in a lack of sufficient asparagine production for cell function. Reduced asparagine production by ASNS appears to severely hinder fetal brain development. Although a variety of approaches for assaying ASNS activity have been reported, we present here a straightforward method for the in vitro enzymatic analysis by detection of AMP production. Our method overcomes limitations in technical feasibility, signal detection, and reproducibility experienced by prior methods like high-performance liquid chromatography, ninhydrin staining, and radioactive tracing. After purification of FLAG-tagged R49Q, G289A, and T337I ASNS variants from stably expressing HEK 293T cells, this method revealed a reduction in activity of 90, 36, and 96%, respectively. Thus, ASNS protein expression and purification, followed by enzymatic activity analysis, has provided a relatively simple protocol to evaluate structure–function relationships for ASNS variants reported for ASNSD patients.
Long-term patient-reported back and shoulder function after delayed breast reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi flap: case–control cohort study
Authors: Löfstrand Jonas , Paganini Anna , Grimby-Ekman Anna , Lidén Mattias , Hansson Emma 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Sacrifice of the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle might entail donor site morbidity when used in delayed breast reconstruction. Previous studies are small, have short follow-up, and demonstrate diverging results. The aims of this study were to evaluate long-term patient-reported effects on shoulder and back function following LD flap harvest, and to investigate predictors for a worse outcome.

Method
This is a retrospective observational case–control cohort study. Cases were all patients who had undergone an LD flap reconstruction during the years 2007–2017. Controls were patients reconstructed with a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap during the same time period. Participants completed two validated questionnaires; the BREAST-Q reconstruction LD domains and the Western Ontario Shoulder Osteoarthritis Index (WOOS).

Results
A total of 135 cases (75 per cent) and 118 controls (60 per cent) responded to the questionnaires. The mean follow-up time was 7 years. Patients reconstructed with a LD flap were significantly less satisfied with their back and shoulder function when compared to the DIEP controls, as measured with BREAST-Q and WOOS. Predictors for a poor patient-reported back and shoulder function included axillary surgery and axillary radiotherapy, especially when combined, as well as higher age at reconstruction.

Conclusion
Patients who have undergone LD flap for delayed breast reconstruction had a lower satisfaction with back and shoulder function, when compared to patients who had undergone a DIEP reconstruction. Delayed LD reconstruction should be used with care, especially in patients who have undergone axillary surgery and axillary radiotherapy.
Pathophysiological Responses to Bloodstream Infection in Critically Ill Transplant Recipients Compared With Non-Transplant Recipients
Authors: Qiu Jiaxing , Zimmet Alex N , Bell Taison D , Gadrey Shrirang , Brandberg Jackson , Maldonado Samuel , Zimmet Amanda M , Ratcliffe Sarah , Chernyavskiy Pavel , Moorman J Randall , Clermont Gilles , Henry Teague R , Nguyen N Rich , Moore Christopher C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Identification of bloodstream infection (BSI) in transplant recipients may be difficult due to immunosuppression. Accordingly, we aimed to compare responses to BSI in critically ill transplant and non-transplant recipients and to modify systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria for transplant recipients.

Methods
We analyzed univariate risks and developed multivariable models of BSI with 27 clinical variables from adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients at the University of Virginia (UVA) and at the University of Pittsburgh (Pitt). We used Bayesian inference to adjust SIRS criteria for transplant recipients.

Results
We analyzed 38.7 million hourly measurements from 41 725 patients at UVA, including 1897 transplant recipients with 193 episodes of BSI and 53 608 patients at Pitt, including 1614 transplant recipients with 768 episodes of BSI. The univariate responses to BSI were comparable in transplant and non-transplant recipients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], .80–.83) for the model using all UVA patient data and 0.80 (95% CI, .76–.83) when using only transplant recipient data. The UVA all-patient model had an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, .76–.79) in non-transplant recipients and 0.75 (95% CI, .71–.79) in transplant recipients at Pitt. The relative importance of the 27 predictors was similar in transplant and non-transplant models. An upper temperature of 37.5°C in SIRS criteria improved reclassification performance in transplant recipients.

Conclusions
Critically ill transplant and non-transplant recipients had similar responses to BSI. An upper temperature of 37.5°C in SIRS criteria improved BSI screening in transplant recipients.