bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of the waiting time distribution in a nationwide screening of real‐world dermatology drug utilization for aberrant use patterns
Authors: Delvin Thomas , Bygum Anette , Lund Lars Christian , Andersen Jacob Harbo , Hallas Jesper 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundInappropriate use of medicines may have critical consequences from individual, public health, and economic perspectives. Discovering wrongful medicine use may require intentional surveillance or screening.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to: (i) apply and evaluate the waiting time distribution (WTD) method as a screening tool for identifying aberrant drug use and (ii) evaluate the nationwide use of Dermatology drugs in Denmark for signals of aberrant drug use.MethodDermatology drug use data from the Danish nationwide healthcare registries from 2018 to 2020 were used to produce WTDs that were analyzed for drug use patterns. The method provides estimates of the prevalence and incidence and enables estimation of mean treatment duration, drug relapse, and unexpected drug prescribing.ResultsThe study included 2 027 889 individual drug users and analyzed 6 141 449 prescriptions. The analysis included approximately 100 dermatology drugs and drug categories and produced 56 WTD drug curves. The WTD patterns and epidemiological estimates confirmed that most drugs are used as intended and revealed few unexpected patterns for further investigation. Three unexpected findings were identified concerning (i) short‐term use that would entail suboptimal clinical efficiency for minoxidil, (ii) sub‐optimal use of topical tacrolimus, and (iii) potential undesirable increase in short‐course doxycycline treatments.ConclusionIn Denmark, dermatology drugs are predominantly used as expected, with few unexpected use patterns identified. Targeted specific follow‐up on the identified signals is necessary for conclusions about inappropriate use. The findings suggest that the WTD method is applicable for screening for aberrant drug use.
Poly(N‐acryloyl glycinamide) eutectogels
Authors: Xing Shengjie , Zhang Guannan , Zhang Aobo , Chang Zuobang , Guo Ziyu , Dong Anjie , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ever‐growing demand for advanced implantable and wearable electronics has stimulated the development of conductive gels with desirable functions. Hydrogels suffer from poor environmental adaptability. The ionogels prepared by dissolving polymers in ionic liquids have to face the problems of high cost of synthesis and biotoxicity concerns. Recently, eutectogels consisting of various polymer networks in eco‐friendly and cost‐effective deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as attractive alternatives to overcome the limitations associated with conventional hydrogels and ionogels. In this study, a kind of eutectogels was designed and synthesized through one‐step in situ photopolymerization of N‐acryloyl glycinamide (NAGA) without crosslinkers in low‐cost and biosafe DESs composed of choline chloride and ethylene glycol. The obtained poly(N‐acryloyl glycinamide) (PNAGA) eutectogels exhibit concentration‐dependent and adjustable mechanical properties, high electrical conductivity (about 2 mS cm−1), self‐healing ability as well as good anti‐drying and anti‐freezing properties. PNAGA eutectogels were also demonstrated to serve as conductive gels to construct pressure sensors over a relatively large temperature range. Considering the simple and easy‐to‐scale preparation process and commercially available low‐cost raw materials, favorable flexibility, high ionic conductivity, and wide‐climate tolerance, the PNAGA eutectogels as soft conductive materials have great potential for use in the fabrication of flexible electronics.
The impact of burial depth on Centaurea diluta emergence and modelling of its growth using a nonlinear regression and artificial neural network
Authors: Sousa‐Ortega Carlos , Alcántara Cristina , Leon Ramon G , Barranco‐Elena Diego , Saavedra Milagros 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCentaurea diluta Aiton (North African knapweed) is a major weed concern in Spain as a result of the limited herbicides capable of controlling it, and the limited knowledge of its biology hinders the development of integrated weed management strategies.RESULTSThe current study presents results from two experiments that aimed to: (i) determine the effect of seed burial on seedling emergence; and (ii) model its phenology progression using sigmoidal (SRM) and artificial neural network models (ANN) based on different cohort emergence times. In the first experiment, burial at 2 cm and 5 cm decreased C. diluta emergence by 54% and 90%, respectively, compared to the emergence at 0 cm. In the second experiment, without crop–weed competition conditions, the emergence delay led to reductions in leaf number, rosette diameter, plant height and dry biomass by 63%, 50%, 59% and 93%, respectively. Seed production per plant exceeded 21 469. According to the growth model, leaf number was the most consistent morphological trait and critical for timing weed control actions, so it was used to compare SRMs and ANNs. On average, ANNs increased the precision in 5.72% (± 2.4 leaves) compared to SRMs. This slight performance of ANNs may be valuable for controlling C. diluta because control methods must be applied at the 4‐leaf stage to achieve good efficacy.CONCLUSIONSeed burial at 5 cm depth is an effective method reducing C. diluta emergence. ANNs accurately predicted the leaf number employing environmental variables can help increase the efficiency of C. diluta control actions and reduce the risk of escapes. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
QSPR study to predict some of quantum chemical properties of anticancer imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine derivatives using genetic algorithm multiple linear regression and molecular descriptors
Authors: Jafari Mahdi , Momeni Isfahani Tahereh , Shafiei Fatemeh , Senejani Masumeh Abdoli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPyridine and its derivatives have been applied clinically for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and in the synthesis of novel drugs. In the present work, imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine derivatives as anticancer drugs were exhibited to select the important descriptor for quantum chemical properties. Two of the fundamental thermodynamic properties are heat capacity (Cv) and entropy (S), which are important in the field of chemical kinetics and are key in the understanding and design of chemical processes involving chemical reactions. A Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship (QSPR) study was used to predict the quantum chemical properties like Cv and S of 105 imidazole derivatives using molecular descriptors and the genetic algorithm–multiple linear regression (GA–MLR). The best QSPR models were selected using criteria coefficients such as R2, R2adj, RMSE and Fisher ratio. Different internal and external validation metrics were adopted to evaluate the stability, fit and predictive power of the QSPR models. The validation results and statistical analysis show that the models possess good prediction power and robustness, and the total size (TS) and Sanderson electronegativity(RDF060e) and total information content index(TIC1) of imidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine derivatives are increasingly related to the studied properties.
Interaction behavior study of HCl on (ZnS)n (n = 1–12) clusters and HCl effect on Hg0 adsorption
Authors: Tian Zhimei , Zhang Na , Song Chongfu , Wang Chang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe interaction behavior of HCl and (ZnS)n (n = 1–12) clusters and HCl effect on Hg0 adsorbed by (ZnS)n have been studied theoretically. The combined genetic algorithm and density functional theory (GA‐DFT) method has been used to obtain the structures of (ZnS)nHCl and (ZnS)nHgHCl (n = 1–12) clusters. The structural properties of (ZnS)nHCl and (ZnS)nHgHCl have been analyzed. The adsorption energies and interaction energies have been calculated. Bond length and bond order analysis has revealed that SH and ZnCl bonds form after HCl adsorbed on (ZnS)n clusters, while Hg0 can only weakly bind with (ZnS)nHCl clusters. According to thermodynamic adsorption analysis, the formation of (ZnS)nHCl clusters from (ZnS)n and HCl are spontaneous because of their negative Gibbs free energy changes. The formation of (ZnS)nHgHCl from (ZnS)nHCl and Hg are nonspontaneous for n = 1–4 and 9, and the Gibbs free energy changes have small negative values for other sizes. Electron localization function and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis of (ZnS)10HgHCl manifest that Hg and its nearest Zn form zinc amalgam. Projected density of state study has been performed to obtain the interaction nature of HCl and (ZnS)n clusters and Hg0 adsorption on (ZnS)nHCl clusters. Based on our study, HCl is chemical adsorbed by (ZnS)n clusters except (ZnS)4 cluster. After (ZnS)n adsorbs HCl, Hg0 can physically adsorb on (ZnS)nHCl clusters. The strength of Hg0 on (ZnS)nHCl is comparable to that of Hg0 on (ZnS)n, indicating that HCl can hardly affect the adsorption of Hg0 on ZnS clusters.
Optimized Strategies for the Quantum‐State Preparation of Single Trapped Nitrogen Molecular Ions
Authors: Shlykov Aleksandr , Roguski Mikolaj , Willitsch Stefan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines optimized strategies for the preparation of single molecular ions in well‐defined rotational quantum states in an ion trap with the example of the molecular nitrogen ion N. It advances a two‐step approach consisting of an initial threshold‐photoionization stage that produces molecular ions with a high probability in the target state, followed by a measurement‐based state purification of the sample. For this purpose, a resonance‐enhanced threshold photoionization scheme for producing N in its rovibrational ground state proposed by Gardner et al. [Sci. Rep. 2019, 9, 506] is characterized. The molecular state is measured using a recently developed quantum‐non‐demolition state‐detection method, finding a total fidelity of 387% for producing ground‐state N under the present experimental conditions. By discarding ions from the trap not found to be in the target state, essentially state‐pure samples of single N ions can be generated for subsequent state‐specific experiments.
Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors based on Van der Waals 2D Materials
Authors: Chen Ruo‐Si , Lu Yuerui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSteep subthreshold swing (SS) is a decisive index for low energy consumption devices. However, the SS of conventional field effect transistors (FETs) has suffered from Boltzmann Tyranny, which limits the scaling of SS to sub‐60 mV dec−1 at room temperature. Ferroelectric gate stack with negative capacitance (NC) is proved to reduce the SS effectively by the amplification of the gate voltage. With the application of 2D ferroelectric materials, the NC FETs can be further improved in performance and downscaled to a smaller dimension as well. This review introduces some related concepts for in‐depth understanding of NC FETs, including the NC, internal gate voltage, SS, negative drain‐induced barrier lowering, negative differential resistance, single‐domain state, and multi‐domain state. Meanwhile, this work summarizes the recent advances of the 2D NC FETs. Moreover, the electrical characteristics of some high‐performance NC FETs are expressed as well. The factors which affect the performance of the 2D NC FETs are also presented in this paper. Finally, this work gives a brief summary and outlook for the 2D NC FETs.
Low Potential CO2 Reduction by Inert Fe(II)‐Macrobicyclic Complex: A New Concept of Cavity Assisted CO2 Activation
Authors: Sarkar Piyali , Sarkar Sayan , Nayek Abhijit , Adarsh Nayarassery N. , Pal Arun K. , Datta Ayan , Dey Abhishek , Ghosh Pradyut 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe advantage of a pre‐organized π‐cavity of Fe(II) complex of a newly developed macrobicycle cryptand is explored for CO2 reduction by overcoming the problem of high overpotential associated with the inert nature of the cryptate. Thus, a bipyridine‐centered tritopic macrobicycle having a molecular π‐cavity capable of forming Fe(II) complex as well as potential for CO2 encapsulation is synthesized. The inert Fe(II)‐cryptate shows much lower potential in cyclic voltammetry than the Fe(II)‐tris‐dimethylbipyridine (Fe‐MBP) core. Interestingly, this cryptate shows electrochemical CO2 reduction at a considerably lower potential than the Fe‐MBP inert core. Therefore, this study represents that a well‐structured π‐cavity may generate a new series of molecular catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), even with the inert metal complexes.
The Hybrid of Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 for Inflammation Relief by ROS Scavenging and O2 Production: An Efficient Strategy for Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Chen Liu‐Rong , Zou Yi‐Ming , Li Rong‐Tian , Zhou Xuan , Lai Ye‐Hua , Chen Jin‐Xiang , Yang Jie 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeasonal influenza still greatly threatens public health worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Antiviral medications for influenza treatment are limited and accompanied by increased drug resistance. In severe influenza virus infection, hyperinflammation and hypoxia may be the significant threats associated with mortality, so the development of effective therapeutic methods to alleviate excessive inflammation while reducing viral damage is highly pursued. Here, a multifunctional MOF‐based nanohybrid of Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 as a novel drug against influenza A virus infection (MOF = metal−organic framework; TCPP = tetrakis (4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin) is designed. Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 exhibits potent inhibitory capability against influenza A virus infection in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism study reveals that Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 inhibits the virus entry by binding to the HA2 subunit of influenza A virus hemagglutinin. In addition, the nanoparticles of Mn3O4 in Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 can scavenge intracellular ROS with O2 generation to downregulate inflammatory factors and effectively inhibit cytokines production. By reconstructing the antioxidant microenvironment, Cu─TCPP@Mn3O4 features as a promising nanomedicine with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐viral synergistic effects.
Genome‐wide identification and expression analysis of heat shock protein gene family in cassava
Authors: Wang Changyi , Ran Fangfang , Zang Yuwei , Liu Liangwang , Wang Dayong , Min Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHeat shock proteins are important molecular chaperones that are involved in plant growth and stress responses. However, members of the Hsp family have been poorly studied in cassava. In this study, 225 MeHsp genes were identified in the cassava genome, and their genetic structures exhibited relatively conserved features within each subfamily. The 225 MeHsp genes showed random chromosomal distribution, and at least 74 pairs of segmentally duplicated MeHsp genes. Eleven tandemly duplicated MeHsp genes were identified. Cis‐element analysis revealed the importance of MeHsps in plant adaptations to the environment. The prediction of protein interactions suggested that MeHsp70‐20 may play a critical regulatory role in the interactive network. Furthermore, the expression profiles of MeHsps in different tissues and cell subsets were analyzed using bulk transcriptomics and single‐cell transcriptomic data. Several subfamily genes exhibited unique expression patterns in the transcriptome and were selected for detailed analysis of the single‐cell transcriptome. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) revealed the expression patterns of these genes under temperature stress, further supporting the prediction of cis‐acting elements. This study provides valuable information for understanding the functional characteristics of MeHsp genes and the evolutionary relationships between MeHsps.
How do different members of the on‐farm mobility team perceive lameness, and what factors influence their NSAID use?
Authors: Craven Emily , Stavisky Jenny , Robinson Natalie , Dean Rachel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundLameness affects approximately one‐third of the national dairy herd, impacting welfare and production. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the main analgesic available, but use is variable. The aims of this study were to describe how members of the mobility team perceive pain and use NSAIDs for conditions causing lameness in dairy cows.MethodsA questionnaire was distributed online to UK farmers, veterinarians, veterinary technicians (VTs) and foot trimmers (FTs). Respondents were asked to describe factors affecting their NSAID use and to score pain associated with 16 scenarios, including diagnoses, conditions and procedures associated with lameness in cows.ResultsOf 210 respondents, 81 (38.6%) were farmers, 80 (38.1%) were veterinarians, 34 (16.2%) were FTs and 15 (7.1%) were VTs. For most conditions, farmers scored pain lower than veterinarians and VTs and were less likely to use or recommend NSAIDs than veterinarians, VTs and FTs. Farmers rated cow comfort as more important (p < 0.001) and the cost of drugs as less important (p < 0.001) in using NSAIDs than veterinarians predicted.LimitationsThere were fewer VTs and FTs than farmers and veterinarians, limiting generalisation. Response and social acceptability biases may have affected the findings.ConclusionAll members of the mobility team have different perceptions and areas of expertise around lameness. Increasing collaboration and harnessing of skills and knowledge within the team could improve detection and treatment of lameness, with consequent benefits to cow welfare and production.
Manifestation of oculorenal syndrome in a dog chronically receiving zonisamide
Authors: Granger Kyle L. , Vogel Helena , Frank Chad , Bartner Lisa R. , Hall Kelly E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTubulointerstitial nephropathy and uveitis, otherwise more broadly known as oculorenal syndrome in human medicine, is a condition that has, to the authors’ knowledge, not been described in veterinary medicine. This report describes an 8‐year‐old, male, neutered, mixed breed dog with a 6‐year history of idiopathic epilepsy, chronically receiving zonisamide, who was presented for sub‐acute and recurrent episodes of severe generalised weakness, altered mentation and inappropriate urination. Throughout the dog's hospital visits, recurrent anterior uveitis, progressive severe metabolic acidosis, proteinuria, persistent granular casts and severe renal tubular acidosis, which progressed to renal insufficiency, were evident. Due to a poor prognosis and perceived poor quality of life, the dog was humanely euthanased. Postmortem examination and histopathology revealed tubulointerstitial nephropathy. In conjunction with clinical uveitis, this presentation reflects similarities with the human oculorenal syndrome, here referred to as canine oculorenal syndrome suspected secondary to chronic zonisamide administration.
A female Bullmastiff with calvarial hyperostosis syndrome and concurrent hyperostotic changes affecting the mandible and cervical vertebrae
Authors: Mól Michał , Alloway Elizabeth , Dugdale Alex , Mariscoli Massimo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn immature female Bullmastiff presented for assessment of swelling of the right dorsal orbital region, causing discomfort. Computed tomography showed osseous proliferation of the calvarium, frontal bone and concurrent unilateral osseous changes at the level of the left mandible. Ventral new bone formation and remodelling changes were noted between vertebrae C7 and T1. The vertebral bodies of C5, C6 and C7 were fused. Histopathology was consistent with calvarial hyperostosis syndrome. Subsequently, the dog developed neurological signs: proprioceptive ataxia and lower motor neuron ambulatory tetraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild osseous spinal cord compression at C7 level. Calvarial hyperostosis syndrome described in this report is the first recorded case of a dog having concurrent hyperostotic changes affecting the calvarium, mandible and cervical vertebrae in a dog.
Reindeer Herders’ Food Knowledge Systems
Authors: Oskal Anders , Sara Ravdna Biret Marja Eira , Krarup-Hansen Kia , Smuk Inger Anita , Mathiesen Svein Disch 
Published: October 2023

AbstractReindeer husbandry is part of an Arctic civilization strongly tied to nature and dependent on it in multiple aspects, including the diets of its peoples. Food production in nomadic Sámi reindeer herding has, through generations, been nested within the seasonal use of pastures, securing biodiversity, and traditional knowledge of food preservation techniques. The traditional knowledge, culture, and language of reindeer herders provide a central foundation for building sustainable food systems and social-ecological resilience in the Arctic. Food knowledge systems of Arctic Indigenous peoples should be viewed as indicators of social-ecological resilience. There is a need to rethink the food systems’ strategies in the governance of Indigenous reindeer herders’ societies, their economy, and external relations. Arctic Indigenous food knowledge systems are damaged due to climate change, loss of biodiversity, loss of grazing land, and failure in economic reforms since traditional knowledge about food was not included in sustainable development planning and public management.
Distanzierung als erster Teil einer gemeinsam geteilten Orientierung: „also ich ähm (.) hab das noch nie erlebt, in der (.) so in krasser form“
Authors: Wittfeld Meike 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungMit der Anfrage an die Teams für eine Gruppendiskussion zum Thema sexuelle Gewalt und welche Rolle diese Thematik bei ihrer Arbeit spielt, wurde das Phänomen als ein Thema markiert, zu dem die angefragten Teams einen Beitrag leisten könnten. Im Forschungsdesign wird also schon vorausgesetzt, dass sexuelle Gewalt in Institutionen für die Befragten relevant ist.
Analytic saddle spheres in $$\mathbb {S}^3$$ are equatorial
Authors: Gálvez José A. , Mira Pablo , Tassi Marcos P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA theorem by Almgren establishes that any minimal 2-sphere immersed in $$\mathbb {S}^3$$

S

3

is a totally geodesic equator. In this paper we give a purely geometric extension of Almgren’s result, by showing that any immersed, real analytic 2-sphere in $$\mathbb {S}^3$$

S

3

that is saddle, i.e., of non-positive extrinsic curvature, must be an equator of $$\mathbb {S}^3$$

S

3

. We remark that, contrary to Almgren’s theorem, no geometric PDE is imposed on the surface. The result is not true for $$C^{\infty }$$

C
∞

spheres.
Boundedness of regular del Pezzo surfaces over imperfect fields
Authors: Tanaka Hiromu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFor a regular del Pezzo surfaceX, we prove that$$|-12K_X|$$|-12KX|is very ample. Furthermore, we also give an explicit upper bound for the volume$$K_X^2$$KX2which depends only on$$[k: k^p]$$[k:kp]for the base fieldk. As a consequence, we obtain the boundedness of geometrically integral regular del Pezzo surfaces.