bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalable Synthesis of Lead‐Free Tetramethylammonium Manganese Halides for Highly Efficient Backlight Displays
Authors: Tang Huidong , Xu Yanqiao , Hu Xiaobo , Chen Haijie , Wang Sanhai , Jiang Weihui , Hu Qing , Wang Lianjun , Jiang Wan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLead‐free halides have emerged as clean candidates for lighting and display applications because of their superior optoelectronic properties and environmental friendliness. As for the commercialization, the simple synthetic process, scaled production, low‐cost, and excellent performance are the upmost factors. In this work, lead‐free tetramethylammonium manganese halides are quantitatively synthesized using a mechanochemical approach, in which [(CH3)4N]2MnCl4 powders show green emission with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 21% and (CH3)4NMnCl3 powders possess red emission with a PLQY of 51%, arising from the intrinsic 4T1(4G) → 6A1(6S) d‐d transition of Mn2+. To further boost the green emission efficiency, the composition engineering strategies by Br/Cl substitution and excess organic halide compensation are developed, achieving a high PLQY of 98% for the obtained [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 powders. Furthermore, white light emitting diode (WLED) devices are fabricated by combining green [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 powders with red (CH3)4NMnCl3 powders or single crystals, which exhibit a high luminous efficacy (98.06 or 142.40 lm W−1), wide color gamut (over 100 % of NTSC in CIE 1931), and good operating stability (maintained above 80% efficiency after 176 h). This work suggests ball‐milling as a mass synthesis method for metal halides and provides a new Mn2+‐based phosphor for white LEDs in backlight display applications.
Uniform decay rate estimates for the 2D wave equation posed in an inhomogeneous medium with exponential growth source term, locally distributed nonlinear dissipation, and dynamic Cauchy–Ventcel–type boundary conditions
Authors: Simion Antunes José G. , Cavalcanti Marcelo M. , Cavalcanti Valéria N. Domingos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe study the wellposedness and stabilization for a Cauchy–Ventcel problem in an inhomogeneous medium with dynamic boundary conditions subject to a exponential growth source term and a nonlinear damping distributed around a neighborhood of the boundary according to the geometric control condition. We, in particular, generalize substantially the work due to Almeida et al. (Commun. Contemp. Math. 23 (2021), no. 03, 1950072), in what concerns an exponential growth for source term instead of a polynomial one. We give a proof based on the truncation of a equivalent problem and passage to the limit in order to obtain in one shot, the energy identity as well as the observability inequality, which are the essential ingredients to obtain uniform decay rates of the energy. We show that the energy of the equivalent problem goes uniformly to zero, for all initial data of finite energy taken in bounded sets of finite energy phase space. One advantage of our proof is that the decay rate is independent of the nonlinearity.
Forkhead box O6 (FoxO6) promotes cardiac pathological remodeling and dysfunction by activating Kif15–TGF‐β1 under aggravated afterload
Authors: Zhang Bing , Shi Lei , Tan Yanzhen , Zhou Yenong , Cui Jun , Song Yujie , Liu Yingying , Zhang Miao , Duan Weixun , Jin Zhenxiao , Liu Jincheng , Yi Dinghua , Sun Yang , Yi Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPathological cardiac hypertrophy exhibits complex and abnormal gene expression patterns and progresses to heart failure. Forkhead box protein O6 (FoxO6) is a key transcription factor involved in many biological processes. This study aimed to explore the role of FoxO6 in cardiac hypertrophy. Three groups of mice were established: wild‐type, FoxO6 knockout, and FoxO6‐overexpressing. The mice received daily administration of angiotensin‐II (Ang‐II) or saline for 4 weeks, after which they were examined for cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and function. Elevated cardiac expression of FoxO6 was observed in Ang‐II‐treated mice. FoxO6 deficiency attenuated contractile dysfunction and cardiac remodeling, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibroblast proliferation and differentiation. Conversely, FoxO6 overexpression aggravated the cardiomyopathy and heart dysfunction. Further studies identified kinesin family member 15 (Kif15) as downstream molecule of FoxO6. Kif15 inhibition attenuated the aggravating effect of FoxO6 overexpression. In vitro, FoxO6 overexpression increased Kif15 expression in cardiomyocytes and elevated the concentration of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) in the medium where fibroblasts were grown, exhibiting increased proliferation and differentiation, while FoxO6 knockdown attenuated this effect. Cardiac‐derived FoxO6 promoted pathological cardiac remodeling induced by aggravated afterload largely by activating the Kif15/TGF‐β1 axis. This result further complements the mechanisms of communication among different cells in the heart, providing novel therapeutic targets for heart failure.
Local heating‐induced cutaneous vasodilation in reinnervated and noninnervated deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps
Authors: Smeele Hansje P. , Martin Lisa , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Zwanenburg Pieter R. , van der Hulst René R. W. J. , Tuinder Stefania M. H. , Fromy Bérengère 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionCutaneous vascular reactivity to local heating in free flaps has not been characterized. We aimed to assess local heating‐induced cutaneous vasodilation in reinnervated and noninnervated deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of 21 female patients with an uncomplicated unilateral delayed DIEP breast reconstruction at least 2 years after surgery. DIEP flaps and contralateral breasts were subjected to direct local heating, and skin blood flow was assessed using laser‐Doppler flowmetry. To evaluate sensory‐nerve‐fiber function, touch perception thresholds were assessed using a 20‐piece Touch‐test™ Sensory Evaluator, and cutaneous warm detection and heat pain thresholds were measured using a TSA‐II device.ResultsOf the participants, 10 had a reinnervated DIEP flap with a single coapted nerve (mean flap weight, 610 ± 296 g) and 11 had a noninnervated DIEP flap (mean flap weight, 613 ± 169 g). Mean age was 58 ± 11 years, mean follow‐up time was 5 ± 1 years, and mean BMI was 24 ± 3 kg/m2. DIEP flaps exhibited significantly weaker cutaneous vasodilation in response to local heating than contralateral breasts (median peak skin blood flow, 59 [25th–75th percentile, 36–71] a.u. for DIEP flaps versus 94 [74–141] a.u. for contralateral breasts; p < .001). The magnitude of the response was similar between reinnervated and noninnervated flaps (median peak skin blood flow, 55 [25th–75th percentile, 39–68] a.u. for reinnervated DIEP flaps versus 66 [36–77] a.u. for noninnervated DIEP flaps; p = .75). Of participants with reinnervated DIEP flaps, 90% perceived heat pain below the 50°C safety threshold, as compared to 36% of participants with noninnervated DIEP flaps (two‐tailed p = .02).ConclusionOur results suggest that free flap transfer causes longstanding impairment, yet not complete abolition, of both the sensory nerve‐mediated and nitric oxide‐dependent local heating‐induced cutaneous vasodilatory systems. We found no statistical evidence that flap reinnervation improves the ability to raise skin blood flow in response to local heating.
Exome sequencing in the pediatric neuromuscular clinic leads to more frequent diagnosis of both neuromuscular and neurodevelopmental conditions
Authors: Meyer Alayne P. , Ma Jianing , Brock Guy , Hashimoto Sayaka , Cottrell Catherine E. , Mathew Mariam , Hunter Jesse M. , Leung Marco L. , Corsmeier Don , Jayaraman Vijayakumar , Waldrop Megan A. , Flanigan Kevin M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsExome sequencing (ES) has proven to be a valuable diagnostic tool for neuromuscular disorders, which often pose a diagnostic challenge. The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical outcomes associated with utilization of ES in the pediatric neuromuscular clinic and to determine if specific phenotypic features or abnormal neurodiagnostic tests were predictive of a diagnostic result.MethodsThis was a retrospective medical record review of 76 pediatric neuromuscular clinic patients who underwent ES. Based upon clinical assessment prior to ES, patients were divided into two groups: affected by neuromuscular (n = 53) or non‐neuromuscular (n = 23) syndromes.ResultsA diagnosis was made in 28/76 (36.8%), with 29 unique disorders identified. In the neuromuscular group, a neuromuscular condition was confirmed in 78% of those receiving a genetic diagnosis. Early age of symptom onset was associated with a significantly higher diagnostic yield. The most common reason neuromuscular diagnoses were not detected on prior testing was due to causative genes not being present on disease‐specific panels. Changes to medical care were made in 57% of individuals receiving a diagnosis on ES.DiscussionThese data further support ES as a powerful diagnostic tool in the pediatric neuromuscular clinic and highlight the advantages of ES over gene panels, including the ability to identify diagnoses regardless of etiology, identify genes newly associated with disease, and identify multiple confounding diagnoses. Rapid and accurate diagnosis by ES can not only end the patient's diagnostic odyssey, but often impacts patients' medical management and genetic counseling of families.
Convergent spectral inclusion sets for banded matrices
Authors: Chandler‐Wilde Simon N. , Chonchaiya Ratchanikorn , Lindner Marko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe obtain sequences of inclusion sets for the spectrum, essential spectrum, and pseudospectrum of banded, in general non‐normal, matrices of finite or infinite size. Each inclusion set is the union of the pseudospectra of certain submatrices of a chosen size n. Via the choice of n, one can balance accuracy of approximation against computational cost, and we show, in the case of infinite matrices, convergence as of the respective inclusion set to the corresponding spectral set.
Efficient estimation of transition rates as functions of pH
Authors: Donati Luca , Weber Marcus 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtracting the kinetic properties of a system whose dynamics depend on the pH of the environment with which it exchanges energy and atoms requires sampling the grand canonical ensemble. As an alternative, we present a novel strategy that requires simulating only the most recurrent canonical ensembles that compose the grand canonical ensemble. The simulations are used to estimate the grand canonical distribution for a specific pH value by reweighting and to construct the transition rate matrix by discretizing the Fokker–Planck equation by square root approximation and robust Perron cluster cluster analysis. As an application, we have studied the tripeptide Ala‐Asp‐Ala.
Genomic analysis of spermatocytic tumors demonstrates recurrent molecular alterations in cases with malignant clinical behavior
Authors: Gupta Sounak , Sholl Lynette M , Yang Yiying , Osunkoya Adeboye O , Gordetsky Jennifer B , Cornejo Kristine M , Michalova Kvetoslava , Maclean Fiona , Dvindenko Eugénia , Snuderl Matija , Hirsch Michelle S , Anderson William J , Rowsey Ross A , Jimenez Rafael E , Cheville John C , Sadow Peter M , Colecchia Maurizio , Ricci Costantino , Ulbright Thomas M , Berney Daniel M , Acosta Andres Martin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSpermatocytic tumor (ST) is a rare type of germ cell tumor that occurs exclusively in the postpubertal testis and typically affects elderly men. Most STs are benign, but rare cases exhibit aggressive clinical behavior, often in association with transition to sarcomatoid histology. Limited molecular analyses have been performed on STs; therefore, their genomic and epigenomic features remain incompletely described. Twenty‐seven samples from 25 individual patients were analyzed with a combination of DNA sequencing panels, genomic methylation profiling, SNP array, isochromosome (12p) [i(12p)] FISH, and immunohistochemistry. The series included five metastasizing tumors (three with sarcomatoid transformation, one anaplastic, and one conventional) and 20 non‐metastasizing tumors (14 anaplastic and six conventional). Anaplastic tumors comprised a monomorphic population of intermediate‐sized neoplastic cells, as previously described. Multiomic analyses demonstrated that there were two genomic subgroups of STs: one with diploid genomes and hotspot RAS/RAF variants and the other with global ploidy shift and absence of recurrent mutations. Relative gain of chromosome 9 was a consistent finding in both subgroups. A comparison of metastasizing and non‐metastasizing cases demonstrated that aggressive behavior was associated with the acquisition of pathogenic TP53 mutations and/or relative gains of 12p/i(12p). In cases with sarcomatoid transformation, TP53 mutations seem to underlie the transition to sarcomatoid histology. Genomic methylation analysis demonstrated that aggressive cases with gains of 12p cluster closer to pure seminomas than to STs without gains of 12p. In conclusion, STs include two genomic subgroups, characterized by global ploidy shifts without recurrent mutations and diploid genomes with RAS/RAF hotspot mutations, respectively. Biologic progression was associated with relative gains of 12p and TP53 mutations. The findings in STs with relative gains of 12p suggest that they may exhibit biologic characteristics akin to those seen in germ cell neoplasia in situ‐related germ cell tumors rather than non‐germ cell neoplasia in situ‐derived STs. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Wilms tumor treatment protocol compliance and the influence on outcomes for children in Tanzania
Authors: Wesevich Austin , Mocha George , Kiwara Frank , Chao Colin , Shabani Idd , Igenge John Z. , Schroeder Kristin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundStandardized Wilms tumor treatment protocols exist for low‐ and middle‐income countries, but outcomes equivalent to high‐income countries are not achieved outside of clinical trials. As Wilms tumor treatment protocols in Africa shift with increasing resource capacity, it is not known how treatment compliance to each stage of therapy affects outcomes and where the critical breakpoints are for protocol adherence in clinical practice.ProcedureWe describe both treatment outcomes and treatment protocol adherence in a retrospective single‐center cohort study of pediatric Wilms tumor patients at a zonal cancer referral hospital in Tanzania from 2016 to 2019, treated per the International Society of Paediatric Oncology standard (2016–2017) or Tanzania adapted (2018–2019) therapy protocols.ResultsA total of 69 patients were evaluated. The two‐year overall survival and event‐free survival rates were 40% and 29%, respectively. Only 29% of patients completed recommended chemotherapy per protocol, and completion of preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy was predictive of two‐year overall survival (odds ratio [OR] 14.4, p < .001). There were delays at almost every stage of treatment, especially time from preoperative chemotherapy to surgery (56 days), from surgery to pathology report (30 days), and from surgery to initiation of postoperative chemotherapy (38 days).ConclusionsNonadherence with recommended Wilms tumor treatment guidelines due to key health system delays correlated to reduced overall survival rates, with chemotherapy nonadherence due to abandonment, lack of surgery, and deaths on therapy as the strongest contributors. Future interventions targeting health system delays and reducing deaths during therapy are critical to improving protocol compliance and increasing overall survival for pediatric Wilms tumor patients in low‐resource settings.
3D‐Architected low melting point alloys foam microstructure‐reinforced polymer composite with superior stiffness‐switchable for soft actuator
Authors: Liu Yahao , Wang Yuansheng , Yang Xue , Zheng Jian , Huang Wei , Zhang Yu , Zhang Xiao , Wang Xuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStiffness variable materials have aroused extensive research interest in smart devices, especially in soft actuators. However, achieving materials with high stiffness switch range remains challenging. Here, a novel three‐dimensional (3D) lightweight Field's metal (FM) foam was developed. Meanwhile, the polymer composite (SUFF) with superior stiffness switchable capacity was fabricated by embedding FM foam into a kind of designed stiffness variable polymer. The SUFF shows outstanding conductivity under relatively low FM volume fraction of 20.6%. Impressively, because of the extremely high modulus and fast transition of FM foam, the stiffness switch ratio of the SUFF are able to reach an ultra‐high value of 6987.5‐folds. Apart from its exceptional stiffness switchable capacity, the SUFF also possesses remarkable shape memory and self‐healing characteristics. Next, the SUFF was then fastened to a soft actuator as the stiffness changing units. The obtained actuator was able to exhibit a short heating–cooling cycle time of 44 s while using 10 A of current and 4°C water for cooling. Moreover, the actuator can reach remarkable values of 973 mN/mm and 4729 mN, respectively, for its stiffness and net force. Then, a soft robot gripper made up of three obtained actuators mounted on a base demonstrates its excellent load and stiffness switchable ability. It can lift a variety of objects with various forms with weights up to more than 3 kg. This study might provide a reference for application of stiffness variable materials in soft actuators.Highlights
The FM foam were designed and synthetized by lost‐wax casting method.
The polymer composite exhibits large stiffness switching range.
The polymer composite achieves 6987.5‐folds rigid/soft stiffness ratio.
A 3D‐printing soft actuator was fabricated using obtained polymer composite.
The assembled robotic gripper can lift weights up to more than 3 kg.
Screen‐positive rate in cell free DNA screening for trisomy 21
Authors: Lüthgens Kai , Häbig Karina , Sonek Jiri , Kagan Karl Oliver 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether the fetal fraction (FF) has an impact on the screen‐positive rate (SPR) in cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) screening for trisomy 21.MethodsRetrospective analysis based on samples analyzed using the Harmony® Prenatal Test (Roche Inc). Due to the size of the data set, we focused on the SPR, which was stratified according to the maternal age, weight, gestational age, and FF distribution.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 364,881 patients, including 2614 with a high‐risk‐result. Median maternal and gestational ages were 34.6 years and 12.4 weeks. FF was dependent on maternal age, weight, and gestational age. SPR was 0.72% and it was independent of maternal weight but was dependent on maternal age. There was a positive but weak association between the FF and the SPR until the FF reached 20.0% (OR p = 1.021, p < 0.001, Nagelkerkes r2 = 0.001). This group included 357,800 pregnancies or 98.1% of the study population. In the group of pregnancies with a FF > 20%, the association was stronger (OR 1.099, p < 0.001, Nagelkerkes r2 = 0.042).ConclusionThe SPR in cfDNA screening for trisomy 21 was relatively constant up to a FF of about 20%.
Disruptive behaviors in Tunisian physical education settings: Gender and school level can matter
Authors: Tounsi Olfa , Trabelsi Omar , Souissi Mohamed Abdelkader , Koubaa Abdessalem , Gharbi Adnene , Scharenberg Swantje , Bahloul Mourad 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate how the gender and school level factors relate to disruptive behaviors during physical education (PE) classes in Tunisian schools. The study sample consisted of 632 Tunisian students aged 12−19 years, with 43.2% of them being boys and 56.8% girls. Among the participants, 64.9% were middle school students, while 33.1% were secondary school students. Self‐reported data was collected using the 20‐item “Physical Education Classroom Instrument.” Data was analyzed for a potential “Disruptive behavior × Gender” association, as well as a “Disruptive behavior × School level” association using the Pearson Chi‐square (χ2) test. The key findings signaled that boys were more likely than girls to behave aggressively, distract/disturb others, and demonstrate poor self‐management during PE classes. On the other hand, secondary school students are less likely than middle school students to behave aggressively and irresponsibly, disobey directions, distract others, and demonstrate poor self‐management. These findings suggest associations between gender and school level with disruptive behaviors among Tunisian students during PE classes. By recognizing these associations, educators and policymakers can develop targeted interventions and strategies to effectively manage and mitigate disruptive behaviors in Tunisian PE settings.
Release of tepary bean cultivar ‘USDA Fortuna’ with improved disease and insect resistance, seed size, and culinary quality
Authors: Porch Timothy G. , Rosas Juan Carlos , Cichy Karen , Lutz Graciela Godoy , Rodriguez Iveth , Colbert Raphael W. , Demosthene Gasner , Hernández Juan Carlos , Winham Donna M. , Beaver James S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) is a viable and nutritious alternative to common bean (P. vulgaris L.) in areas with excessively high temperatures and/or chronic drought. Tepary bean is a traditional crop of the Tohono O'odham Indians of the Sonoran Desert in the Southwest United States and Mexico, as well as other Indigenous peoples of the United States, Mexico, and Central America. Despite its potential for broad applications for reduced water‐input agriculture or for hot, semi‐arid, marginal production zones, tepary bean remains an orphan crop. ‘USDA Fortuna’ (Reg. no. CV‐352, PI 698459) is an improved tepary bean cultivar with enhanced seed size, seed quality, tolerance to Bean golden yellow mosaic virus, and resistance to local strains of rust in Puerto Rico. It has leafhopper pest resistance, common bacterial blight resistance, and moderate resistance to powdery mildew. USDA Fortuna is a high‐yielding tepary bean with an attractive black speckled seed color and a quick cooking time. This cultivar was developed cooperatively by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Puerto Rico, Zamorano University, the Instituto Dominicano de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales (IDIAF) of the Dominican Republic, Quisqueya University of Haiti, the National Seed Service of Haiti, Instituto Nacional de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) of Costa Rica, and Iowa State University.