bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different radius of curvature at the talus trochlea measured using 3D model technology
Authors: Wu Shixun , Liu Shizhang , Huang Minggang , Liu Zhe , Shi Jiyuan , Ling Ming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
BackgroundTo analyze the curvature characteristics of thetalus trochlea inpeople from Northwest China in different sex and age groups.
MethodsComputed tomography scanning data of talus from 61 specimens were collected and constructed as a three-dimensional model by MIMICS software, anteromedial(AM), posteromedial(PM), anterolateral(AL), and posterolateral(PL) edge, anterior edge of medial trochlea, posterior edge of medial trochlea and anterior edge of lateral trochlea were defined according to the anatomical landmarks on trochlear surface. The curvature radii for different areas were measured using the fitting radius and measure module.
Results There were significant differences among the talus curvatures in the six areas (F=54.905, P=0.000), and more trends in the analytical results were as follows: PM > PL > MP > AL > MA > AM. The average posterolateral radius from specimens aged >38 years old was larger than that from specimens aged<=38 years (t=-2.303, P =0.038). The talus curvature of the AM for males was significantly larger than that for females (t=4.25, P=0.000), and the curvature of the AL for males was larger than that for females (t=2.629, P =0.010). For observers aged <=38 years, the AM curvature of the right talus in the male group was significantly larger than thatin the female group (P<0.01). In age <=38years group, the MA curvature of right talus in male was significantly larger than in female group(P<0.01), fitting radius of talus for male (21.90±1.97 mm) was significantly greater than female of this(19.57±1.26 mm)(t=6.894, P=000). The average radius of the talus in the male population was larger than that in the female population.
Conclusion There was no significant relationship between age and talus curvature in either males or females. The radius of curvature in the posterior area was significantly larger than that in the anterior area. We recommend that this characteristic of the talus trochlea should be considered when designingthe talus component in total ankle replacement (TAR).
PARK7/DJ-1 deficiency impairs microglial activation in response to LPS-induced inflammation
Authors: Mogensen Frida Lind-Holm , Sousa Carole , Ameli Corrado , Badanjak Katja , Muller Arnaud , Kaoma Tony , Coowar Djalil , Scafidi Andrea , Poovathingal Suresh K , Nicot Nathalie , Ginolhac Aurélien , Weisenhorn Daniela M Vogt , Wurst Wolfgang , Poli Aurélie , Nazarov Petr V , Skupin Alexander , Grünewald Anne , Michelucci Alessandro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Specific microglia responses are thought to contribute to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the phenotypic acquisition of microglial cells and their role during the underlying neuroinflammatory processes remain largely elusive. Here, according to the multiple-hit hypothesis, which stipulates that PD etiology is determined by a combination of genetics and various environmental risk factors, we investigate microglial transcriptional programs and morphological adaptations under PARK7/DJ-1 deficiency, a genetic cause of PD, during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.
Methods
Using a combination of single-cell RNA-sequencing, bulk RNA-sequencing, multicolor flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses, we comprehensively compared microglial cell phenotypic characteristics in PARK7/DJ-1 knock-out (KO) with wildtype littermate mice following 6- or 24-hour intraperitoneal injection with LPS. For translational perspectives, we conducted corresponding analyses in human PARK7/DJ-1 mutant induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).
Results
By excluding the contribution of other immune brain resident and peripheral cells, we show that microglia acutely isolated from PARK7/DJ-1 KO mice display a distinct phenotype, specially related to type II interferon and DNA damage response signaling, when compared with wildtype microglia, in response to LPS. We also detected discrete signatures in human PARK7/DJ-1 mutant iPSC-derived microglia and BMDMs from PARK7/DJ-1 KO mice. These specific transcriptional signatures were reflected at the morphological level, with microglia in LPS-treated PARK7/DJ-1 KO mice showing a less amoeboid cell shape compared to wildtype mice, both at 6 and 24 hours after acute inflammation, as also observed in BMDMs.
Conclusions
Taken together, our results show that, under inflammatory conditions, PARK7/DJ-1 deficiency skews microglia towards a distinct phenotype characterized by downregulation of genes involved in type II interferon signaling and a less prominent amoeboid morphology compared to wildtype microglia. These findings suggest that the underlying oxidative stress associated with the lack of PARK7/DJ-1 affects microglia neuroinflammatory responses, which may play a causative role in PD onset and progression.
A New Lightweight Network for Real-time Detection of Railway Infrastructure
Authors: Cheng Yu , Cheng ruijun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The deployment of deep convolutional neural network in railway infrastructure real-time detection is largely hindered by huge computing costs. This paper proposes a new lightweight network called S-CA-YOLOv5, in which a new backbone combined ShuﬄeNet with Coordinate Attention is used to reduce the computational complexity, and the CA mechanism can capture regions of interest accurately. Moreover, the improved loss function with Eﬃcient Intersection over Union facilitates more accurate localization and classiﬁcation, which is conducive to higher detection precision and faster convergence speed. Finally, through channel pruning combined with knowledge distillation ﬁne-tuning, the model is further lightweight. Compared with other methods, our proposed method achieves the best trade-oﬀ between detection precision and speed. Hence, the proposed method has the potential to achieve real-time detection for the railway infrastructure based on embedded Graphic Processing Unit platforms.
SPHK1 promotes the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells through NF-κB pathway
Authors: Ling Qianlong , Ji Kai , Guan Jiajia , Wang Ruipeng , Zhu Bing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Sphingosine kinase-1 (SPHK1) is a member of the SPHK family of proteins,which are involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers. This study aimed to investigate SPHK1 expression in GC tissues, and its effects on the migration and invasion of GC cell lines.
Methods: Bioinformatics predicted SPHK1 expression and prognosis. The expression of SPHK1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Real-time PCR analysis was used to detect SPHK1mRNA expression. Cell migration was detected by cell scratch methods. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assays. Western Blotting was used to detect protein expression.
Results: The expression of SPHK1 in GC was significantly higher than that in matched non-cancer tissues. Knockdown of SPHK1 can reduce the migration and invasion of GC cells, while overexpression of SPHK1 has the opposite effect. In addition, SPHK1 positively regulates protein levels of phosphorylated P65(p-P65), as well as protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA) and interleukin 17(IL-17) at transcriptional targets of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The blockage of the NF-κB signaling pathway by PDTC could reverse the SPHK1-promoted GC cell migration and invasion.
Conclusions: Our results elucidate the key role of SPHK1 in promoting GC cell migration and invasion, and suggest that SPHK1 may be a potential molecular target for preventing GC metastasis.
Preparation, Isolation and Structural Characterization of Transient Species of DBU. Their Application as Green Reagents
Authors: Thangalipalli Swathi , Bandalla Siddarama Goud , Vadala Jhansi Rani , Neella Chandra Kiran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A state of the art synthesis and isolation procedure is developed for 17 different transient species of DBU. The structure of these transient species, which are thoroughly confirmed from various spectral data, is different from their parent compound DBU and provides emphatic support in favor of formation of transient species in various DBU catalyzed reactions. DFT studies of N-sulphonylTransient species of DBU has given a new insight of an alternate transient species in addition to the normal species which provides a new scope for further investigation. The applications of three Transient species as direct reagents for base free functionalizations are also documented. They can be directly employed as Eco-friendly reagents in water as solvent. The Lewis base can be recovered and reused for the preparation of Transient species after the reaction. The influence of N-substituent on the chemical shift of these transient species also documented.
An optimization of traditional CPU emulation techniques for execution on a quantum computer
Authors: FITZJOHN JAMES , WILSON GEORGE , VICINANZA DOMENICO 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The use and adoption of quantum computers by the wider computing community has been impeded by the need to adopt new programming techniques. These techniques involve moving from a high-level language where the programmer can define and manipulate objects, to a quantum model where the programmer defines and configures the circuits at a gate level. A jump too far for many. Previous work by the authors aimed to ease this transition through the use of a software development kit (Qx86 SDK) that emulates a traditional CPU for execution on a quantum computer which focused on delivering the capability. This paper now presents a number of new methods that extends and improves the SDKs capability. These methods include optimizing traditional logic gate emulation, multiple gate simplification methods, reducing the number of required qubits, and alternative optimized techniques for many CPU instructions. A quantum machine code mapping method is also described to propose the emulation of a traditional/quantum hybrid CPU prototype. Whilst still orders of magnitude slower than the performance of a traditional CPU in terms of arithmetic, logic and bitwise operations, execution speed is shown to be markedly improved (in some cases by more than 1,000%) and without introducing any unrealistic requirements (that is, all execution can be performed utilizing less than 32 qubits). The usefulness of the SDK has now been enhanced as a reference guide, where the programmer/researcher can contrast traditional methods vs multiple quantum methods of execution.
ENLUS: Bridging Language Divide with English-Mizo Machine Translation Corpus
Authors: Lalrempuii Candy , Soni Badal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this work, we present ENLUS, a parallel and monolingual corpus of the English-Mizo language pair developed for machine translation. ENLUS monolingual corpora have been collated from publicly available news and media websites in Mizo. The parallel data has been collected from various online and offline sources. Machine translation has recently made significant progress in high-resource language scenarios. The quantity of linguistic data mostly determines how well the translation models work. In a multilingual culture like India, most languages are under-resourced with scant to no data. Therefore, there is an evident need for reliable, freely accessible resources to carry out the translation. Mizo is an Indian language that is under-explored due to limited resources. We outline the procedures used to create and validate both corpora. We train popular machine translation techniques, including unsupervised and supervised models, on this corpus. We also compare the translation results to those of Google Translate, which is a commercial translation service. For the purpose of comparing all the models, we use the publicly available evaluation benchmark, FLORES-200, which recently included the Mizo language. Our empirical findings reveal that the multilingual NMT system outperforms existing bilingual techniques and commercial translation tools.
Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviour in Adults Self-reported as LGBTQ+: A Study Based on Modulating Variables
Authors: Sánchez-Teruel David , Singh Harpaljit Kaur Pritam , Sánchez-Barrera María Blasa , Bello María Auxiliadora Robles 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to identify factors that modulate resilience in LGBTQ + individuals with a history of suicide attempts and reattempts. The researchers hypothesize that positive mental health and various internal and external protective factors will predict suicide resilience in this population.
Method
112 LGBTQ + Spanish people (60.7% self-reported as female, 34.8% as male, and 4.5% did not identify their gender) aged 18–41 years with self-harm or previous suicide attempts completed several questionnaires measuring variables such as self-efficacy, emotion regulation, social support, entrapment, anxiety, depression, positive mental health, and resilience.
Results
Regarding the protective variables most predictive of resilience, it was found that social support, positive mental health, and emotional regulation were vital and to a lesser extent, self-efficacy expectations for coping with stressful or adverse situations. In addition, the path analyses revealed distinct profiles of modulated categorical variables in LGTBQ + individuals who had attempted suicide once or who had attempted suicide two or more times.
Conclusions
These findings highlight the importance of addressing protective factors, such as social support and positive mental health, in promoting resilience and reducing suicide risk among LGBTQ + individuals.
On Super-rigidity of Gromov's Random Monster Group
Authors: Das Kajal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this article, we show super-rigidity of Gromov’s random monster group. It is known from a paper of Assaf Naor and Lior Silberman that any homomorphic image of Gromov’s random monster group into a linear group is finite. It can be also derived from the previously known results that the same result is true for a-Lp-menable groups and K-amenable groups. We extend these results and prove that any morphism ϕα from Gromov’s random monster group Γα to a countable discrete group G has finite image for almost all α, where G is any of the following types of groups: mapping class group MCG(Sg,b), braid group Bn, outer automorphism group of a free group Out(FN), automorphism group of a free group Aut(FN) and hierarchically hyperbolic group. For acylindrically hyperbolic groups, we deduce that the homomorphic image is absolutely elliptic. We introduce another property called hereditary super-rigidity. It immediately follows from the literature that Γα has hereditary super-rigidity with respect to an a-Lp-menable group or a K-amenable group for a.e. α. In this article, we establish a stability result for the groups with respect to which Γα has super-rigidity and hereditary super-rigidity.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 20F65, 20F67, 20P05, 53C24, 57K20.
MolNexTR: A Generalized Deep Learning Modelfor Molecular Image Recognition
Authors: CHEN Yufan , LEUNG Ching Ting , HUANG Yong , SUN Jianwei , CHEN Hao , GAO Hanyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the field of chemical structure recognition, the task of converting molecular images into graph structures and SMILES string stands as a significant challenge, primarily due to the varied drawing styles and conventions prevalent in chemical literature. To bridge this gap, we proposed MolNexTR, a novel image-to-graph deep learning model that collaborates to fuse the strengths of ConvNext, a powerful Convolutional Neural Network variant, and Vision-TRansformer. This integration facilitates a more nuanced extraction of both local and global features from molecular images.MolNexTR can predict atoms and bonds simultaneously and understand their layout rules. It also excels at flexibly integrating symbolic chemistry principles to discern chirality and decipher abbreviated structures.We further incorporate a series of advanced algorithms, including improved data augmentation module, image contamination module, and a post-processing module to get the final SMILES output. These modules synergistically enhance the model's robustness against the diverse styles of molecular imagery found in real literature. In our test sets, MolNexTR has demonstrated superior performance, achieving an accuracy rate of 81-97%, marking a significant advancement in the domain of molecular structure recognition.
Roadmap towards gender equality: analyzing the influence of foreign direct investment on wage dynamics
Authors: Mutai Noah , Katusiime Juliet , Dervishaj Valdrin , Popoola Olufunke Mercy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the relation between foreign direct investments (FDI) and wage dynamics in Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands, aiming to develop a sustainable roadmap for reducing gender inequalities. Selected for their diverse labor dynamics, sustainability commitments, and gender equality situations, these countries serve as ideal case studies. Data spanning 1991 to 2021 on FDI and the percentage of gender-based workers were collected from the World Bank Development Indicators. Employing various linear regression models, our research examines the relationship between current and lagged wages for different genders, shedding light on how FDIs may influence wage patterns, especially regarding gender inequality. The quantitative study affirms the model's robustness, revealing a clear linear association between FDIs and salaries in these nations. This underscores the potential impact of foreign investments on wage dynamics, providing a foundation for addressing and reducing gender inequalities.
JEL Classification: F23, J31, O15
New distributional record of two gobioid fishes (Actinopterygii: Gobiiformes) with record of one more gobioid genus from Chilika lagoon, India
Authors: Behera Rajesh Kumar , Mohanty Swarup Ranjan , Behera Bhaskar Chandra , Mishra Subhrendu Sekhar , Mohapatra Anil 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Morphometrics and meristic study reveal the first ever record of the genus Gobiopsis and two gobioid species Gobiopsis macrostomus (Long-jaw goby) (Gobiidae) and Oxyurichthys papuensis (Frog-face goby) (Oxudercidae) from Chilika lagoon, Odisha, India. Present paper deals with the range extension of one genus and two gobioid fishes as additions to the ichthyofaunal diversity of Chilika lagoon, Odisha.
Exploring the Impact of Socio-Cultural Factors on Entrepreneurship Development in Emerging Markets
Authors: Gupta Reena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This qualitative inquiry delves into the multifaceted impact of socio-cultural factors on entrepreneurship development within emerging markets. Through thematic analysis of interview data from 30 participants, key insights emerged regarding the influence of cultural values, social networks, and institutional environments on entrepreneurial motivations, behaviors, and strategies. Cultural values, including collectivism, risk aversion, and attitudes towards failure, shape the context-specific manifestations of entrepreneurship, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive interventions. Social networks serve as critical conduits for resource mobilization, knowledge exchange, and market access, yet also present challenges related to trust, inclusion, and power dynamics. Institutional environments significantly impact entrepreneurship, highlighting the need for supportive reforms to unlock the entrepreneurial potential of emerging markets. Entrepreneurs demonstrate resilience and adaptability in navigating socio-cultural and institutional challenges, underscoring the importance of fostering a culture of innovation and continuous learning within entrepreneurial ecosystems. Moving forward, interdisciplinary research and collaborative efforts are needed to deepen our understanding of the complex interplay between socio-cultural factors and entrepreneurship dynamics in diverse cultural contexts. By leveraging cultural diversity, strengthening social capital, and promoting entrepreneurial resilience, stakeholders can harness the transformative power of entrepreneurship to drive inclusive development and positive change in emerging markets worldwide. This research provides a foundation for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars to design targeted interventions and support mechanisms that foster vibrant and resilient entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging markets.
Challenges for COVID-19 surveillance through wastewater-based epidemiology in post-pandemic era: A retrospective study in 222 USA counties
Authors: Li Xuan , Li Jibin , Liu Huan , Mínguez-Alarcón Lidia , Gao Li , Loosdrecht Mark C. M. van , Wang Qilin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The post-pandemic world still faces ongoing COVID-19 infections, where wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is recognized as an efficient tool for the population-wide surveillance of COVID-19 infections. Utilizing weekly county-level wastewater-surveillance data during pandemic across 222 counties from 49 states in United States of America (USA) from June 2021-November 2022 and covering 104 M populations, we retrospectively evaluated the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in wastewater (CRNA) and reported cases as well as the impacts of demographics, socioeconomical, test accessibility, epidemiological, environmental factors and international air travelling on reported cases under the corresponding CRNA. The lift of travel restrictions in June 2022, a milestone for the post-pandemic era, shifted the correlation between CRNA and COVID-19 incidence in following 7-day and 14-day from 0.70 (IQR: 0.30-0.88) and 0.74 (IQR: 0.31-0.90) to 0.01 (IQR: -0.31-0.36) and -0.01 (IQR: -0.38-0.45), respectively. In post-pandemic period, under the same CRNA, the reported case numbers were impacted by international passengers, test accessibility, Omicron prevalence, ratio of population aged between 18-65, minority vulnerability, and healthcare system. These factors bring new challenges in post-pandemic era, which needs additional attention while using WBE surveillance for COVID-19 infections. This study facilitates public health authorities to dynamically adjust their WBE to the local context to achieve optimal community surveillance.
Give birth to a female child: A qualitative study exploring mothers' experiences of multiple female childbirths in Jordan
Authors: Eid haifa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Childbirth experiences were distinctive, exceptional feelings, reactions to postpartum women. Major difficulty facing maternal, such as Gender is the main social determinants, female gender is socially and culturally shaped by the roles and responsibilities.
Aims: To clarify the experience of Jordanian mothers, who given birth to daughters ‘multiple female childbirth’. Also, to understand childbirth experiences and their meaning is important in projecting individualized care for mothers. Also, to investigate meaningful childbirth experiences among postpartum mothers.
Methodology: Phenomenology approach design. The target population for this study is Jordanian mothers who have multiple female childbirth. A convenience purposive method was selected to recruit participants who met the criteria. The sample size will be between 10-12 participants and the researcher stopped collecting data and conducting interviews when no new themes or data emerged following data analysis, Data analysis using Colaizzi’s (1978) method.
Results: According to analysis of one story describing postpartum mother the result demonstrated that are two themes. The first theme: Challenges faced by woman regarding psych-emotional health, and the second theme: lack of family and spousal coping methods that described the essence of mother experience for multiple female childbirth. The findings from the interview have emerged, as themes broken into sub-themes and codes.