bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic yield of colonoscopic surveillance following resection of early age onset colorectal cancer
Authors: Al Maliki Husam , Monahan Kevin J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe primary benefit of post‐colorectal cancer (CRC) colonoscopic surveillance is to detect and remove premalignant lesions to prevent metachronous CRC. Current guidelines for long‐term colonoscopic surveillance post early age onset CRC (EOCRC) resection are based on limited evidence. The aims of this study were to assess the diagnostic yield of colonoscopic surveillance post‐EOCRC resection and identify molecular and clinicopathological risk factors associated with advanced neoplasia.MethodologyA retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data was conducted at St Mark's hospital, London, United Kingdom, for patients diagnosed with EOCRC who underwent at least one episode of post‐CRC colonoscopic surveillance between 1978 and 2022. We collected clinicopathological data including tumour molecular status and neoplasia detection rates.ResultsIn total, 908 colonoscopic surveillance procedures were performed in 195 patients over 2581.3 person‐years of follow‐up. The diagnostic yields of metachronous CRC, advanced adenomas and non‐advanced adenomas were 1.76%, 3.41% and 22.69% respectively. Sixteen patients (8.21%) developed metachronous CRC, and the majority (87.5%) were detected more than 3 years post index EOCRC diagnosis. Detection of advanced neoplasia was significantly higher in EOCRC patients with Lynch syndrome (26.15%) compared with those in whom Lynch syndrome was excluded (13.13%) (OR, 2.343; 95% CI, 1.014–5.256; p = 0.0349).ConclusionsDuring colonoscopic surveillance post‐EOCRC resection, the long‐term risk of developing metachronous advanced neoplasia remains high in the context of Lynch syndrome, but this trend is not as clearly evident when Lynch syndrome has been excluded.
On the evaluating membrane flux of forward osmosis systems: Data assessment and advanced intelligent modeling
Authors: Hekmatmehr Hesamedin , Esmaeili Ali , Atashrouz Saeid , Hadavimoghaddam Fahimeh , Abedi Ali , Hemmati‐Sarapardeh Abdolhossein , Mohaddespour Ahmad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs an emerging desalination technology, forward osmosis (FO) can potentially become a reliable method to help remedy the current water crisis. Introducing uncomplicated and precise models could help FO systems' optimization. This paper presents the prediction and evaluation of FO systems' membrane flux using various artificial intelligence‐based models. Detailed data gathering and cleaning were emphasized because appropriate modeling requires precise inputs. Accumulating data from the original sources, followed by duplicate removal, outlier detection, and feature selection, paved the way to begin modeling. Six models were executed for the prediction task, among which two are tree‐based models, two are deep learning models, and two are miscellaneous models. The calculated coefficient of determination (R2) of our best model (XGBoost) was 0.992. In conclusion, tree‐based models (XGBoost and CatBoost) show more accurate performance than neural networks. Furthermore, in the sensitivity analysis, feed solution (FS) and draw solution (DS) concentrations showed a strong correlation with membrane flux.Practitioner Points
The FO membrane flux was predicted using a variety of machine‐learning models.
Thorough data preprocessing was executed.
The XGBoost model showed the best performance, with an R2 of 0.992.
Tree‐based models outperformed neural networks and other models.
From Building Information Modelling to Digital Twins: Digital Representation for a Circular Economy
Authors: Koutamanis Alexander 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBuilding information modelling (BIM) has ushered in the era of symbolic building representation: building elements and spaces are described not by graphical elements but by discrete symbols, each with properties and relations that explicitly integrate all information. Digital twinning promises even more: a digital replica in complete sync with the building and its behaviour. Such technologies have obvious appeal for circularity because they accommodate the rich information it requires and link circularity goals to other activities in AECO (architecture, engineering, construction and operation of buildings).Present implementations of BIM may fall short of the promise, and digital twinning may be hard to achieve, but they remain crucial not only for circularity but for all AECO disciplines. To realise the potential of such representations, information should be treated not as a product of integration but as the integrator of all activities. Similarly, digitalisation should be at the core of business models and deployment plans, not an additional or even optional layer at a high cost. This calls for a coherent approach that includes the full capture of building information, supports the detailed exploration of circular operations, uses the results to constrain decisions and actions and does so throughout the life cycle.
Blockchain Technology for a Circular Built Environment
Authors: Shojaei Alireza , Naderi Hossein 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe built environment fundamentally suffers from organisational fragmentation in various aspects, such as data flow, finance, and supply chains. Blockchain technology can be considered a transformative solution to the inherent fragmentation of this industry. This chapter first defines the basics of blockchain technology to show how a peer-to-peer network could enable a decentralised, traceable, and immutable information system across the life cycles of built assets. Then, an overview of blockchain literature within the context of a circular economy, with real-life examples and the current state of blockchain adoption in the circular built environment, is presented, and the role that this technology plays in addressing certain circular strategies is discussed. Afterward, implementation challenges and incentives are identified to set realistic expectations regarding the capabilities of blockchain technologies. Emerging concepts within blockchain technologies are then presented to give insights into prospects beyond current literature and use cases in the circular built environment. Finally, the future of blockchain technology in a circular built environment is discussed to present the applicability of blockchain and its possible integration with other emerging digitalisation tools, such as building information modelling (BIM) and material passports, in wider domains of circular, smart cities and communities.
Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Reuse Patterns
Authors: Armeni Iro , Raghu Deepika , De Wolf Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence, and specifically the subfields of computer vision and machine learning, has become a topic with great potential for predicting reuse patterns in the built environment. With sensors that collect visual data becoming more readily available, new opportunities are created to digitalise the built environment by applying technologies from these fields. Applications include exploring the design space, monitoring construction progress, and improving building performance during operation. Using these applications to increase circularity in the built environment requires information about in-use building products and their attributes (e.g. type, material, size, geometry, condition, etc.). This information is a starting point for many downstream circular processes and a core component of circular databases, which can enable designers, constructors, and facility managers to follow a circular paradigm. Many advancements have been made in academia and industry towards extracting such information from visual and other building data, e.g. for the downstream processes of predicting material reusability or automating the maintenance of building facades. This chapter presents efforts on this front and highlights the gaps in adopting and utilising these technologies for the circular built environment, including challenges in developing comprehensive systems for their deployment and in robustly evaluating them. It also discusses business and organisational considerations with respect to adoption, utilisation, and development of the technologies in the circular context.
Enabling Design for Circularity with Computational Tools
Authors: Heisel Felix , McGranahan Joseph 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCircular construction is a design task that requires new datasets and computational tools for matching supply and demand within an urban circular system. Material passports (MPs) contain detailed inventories of materials and products, as well as their specifications, location, and connection details. Circularity indicators (CIs) allow an assessment of a design’s environmental impacts with respect to circularity: the degree to which solutions minimise extraction and waste in favour of reusable, renewable, or recyclable resources both in construction and at end-of-use. Often implemented as an extension to detailed BIM models, MPs and CIs are presently applied in the permit and documentation phases. However, these metrics also establish parameters in early design phases, where circular design thinking and evaluation are most impactful. Circular construction consequently calls for a new suite of design tools that can be integrated into existing workflows, are applicable within the uncertain context of the early design phase, and ideally offer immediate feedback related to formal deliberations, structural considerations, material selection, and detailing. This chapter describes the importance of CIs as design parameters across phases with a special focus on recent early design developments such as the software application RhinoCircular.
Circular Robotic Construction
Authors: Vasey Lauren , Aejmelaeus-Lindström Petrus , Jenny David , Johns Ryan Luke , Hurkxkens Ilmar , Ming Coralie , Hutter Marco , Gramazio Fabio , Kohler Matthias 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn situ robotic construction is a type of construction where mobile robotic systems build directly on the building site. To enable on-site navigation, industrial robots can be integrated with mobile bases, while mobile, high-payload construction machines can be adapted for autonomous operation. With parallel advances in sensor processing, these robotic construction processes can become robust and capable of handling non-standard, local, as-found materials.The potential of using autonomous, mobile robotic systems for the development of innovative circular construction processes is presented in three exemplary case studies:(i) robotically jammed structures from bulk materials, (ii) robotic earthworks with local and upcycled materials, and (iii) robotic additive manufacturing with earth-based materials. These processes exemplify key strategies for a circular industry through the utilisation of materials with low embodied greenhouse gas emissions and the implementation of fully reversible construction processes.For each case study, we describe the robotic building process, the enabling technologies and workflows, and the major sustainability and circularity benefits compared to conventional construction methods. Moreover, we discuss the difficulty of industry transfer, considering challenges such as detailing, integration, and engineering validation. We conclude with an outlook towards future research avenues and industry adoption strategies.
‘The Label, It Sticks to Your Skin—You Had COVID’: Layering Stigma and Changes over Time onto the Extended Parallel Process Model in the Context of COVID-19 Risk Communication in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Naugle Danielle A. , Tibbels Natalie J. , Dosso Abdul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) is a framework that describes how fear and perceived efficacy interact to shape behaviour. Fear is a natural response to a new and deadly pandemic like that caused by SARS-CoV-2 and fear often generates stigma. Qualitative research from Côte d’Ivoire suggests that risk communicators crafting fear appeals need to carefully consider how stigma is likely to interact with fear and perceived efficacy. Furthermore, responses to fear appeals change based on the phase of the pandemic; as the immediate threat wanes so does the ability to maintain protective behaviours in the longer term. Drawing on data from 24 focus groups and 27 in-depth interviews with members of the general population, health providers, survivors of COVID-19, and individuals who had lost a close family member to COVID-19 in Côte d’Ivoire, we integrate stigma and time into the EPPM to illustrate how fear, efficacy, and stigma shape behavior and evolve over time in response to the shifting landscape of the coronavirus pandemic in Côte d’Ivoire.
Identifying Novel COVID-19 Rumours Through a Multi-channel Approach
Authors: Tibbels Natalie J. , Dosso Abdul , Kwizera Amata , Benie William , Massingue Felisberto , Nana Marjorie , Naugle Danielle A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring a health emergency like COVID-19, rumours impacting health prevention behaviors can rapidly emerge and take root, ebbing and flowing over the course of the emergency. A rumour is an act of communication containing unverified information and can be an event (a case, a death, an outbreak) or a belief (misinformation or disinformation). Rumours are powerful because they resonate with individuals—they can help a community make sense of painful circumstances and regain a sense of control. But they can also create barriers to protective behaviors and undermine the public health response. Identifying novel rumours is imperative for strong risk communication and community engagement. There are a variety of approaches to rumour identification that can be maintained during a preparedness phase and rapidly scaled during an emergency. These approaches must be tailored to the local context and take into account social media penetration, trusted influencers, and existing infrastructure. This chapter provides an overview of a rumour identification and analysis process, and offers two case studies from the COVID-19 pandemic: working with community-based informants and social media in Côte d’Ivoire, and partnering with a national hotline in Mozambique. In each case, we will describe how themes emerging from the rumour-tracking system informed the national COVID-19 response.
Epistemic Violators: Disinformation in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Dragomir Marius , Aslama Horowitz Minna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDisinformation poses a significant challenge to epistemic rights globally, but the phenomenon manifests differently and is promoted by different actors in different countries and regions. The capture of legacy journalistic outlets and the creation of journalism-like sites without journalistic principles and ethics by commercial and political actors have resulted in the significant erosion of epistemic rights in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Based on three mapping projects created by the Media and Journalism Research Centre, formerly the Centre for Media, Data and Society, at Central European University, this chapter showcases shifts in economic and political conditions of epistemic rights in CEE by focusing on entities that violate epistemic rights by deliberately promoting disinformation in the region.
Epistemic Rights, Information Inequalities, and Public Policy
Authors: Napoli Philip M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the range of information inequalities that are fundamentally connected with the notion of epistemic rights and considers the various ways that public policy has—or could—address these inequalities. As this chapter illustrates, information inequalities permeate many aspects of the contemporary news and information ecosystem. This chapter considers well-established information inequalities such as the digital divide and disparities in media ownership as well as newer information inequalities, such as news deserts, disinformation divides, and algorithmic bias. This chapter is intended as a starting point for deeper conversations about how public policy can systematically address various forms of information inequality and thereby enhance individual and collective epistemic rights.
Epistemic Rights and Right to Information in Brazil and Mexico
Authors: Paulino Fernando Oliveira , Dutra Luma Poletti 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUsing the experiences of two Latin American countries, Brazil and Mexico, this article analyses one aspect of the broad concept of epistemic rights: the right to information. This article aims to understand the strategies used to defend the approval of access to information laws in both countries and the ongoing challenges to guaranteeing this right in both countries after the implementation stage. The findings show that there was an effort in Mexico to detach the theme from the journalistic sphere to show its importance to different audiences. Meanwhile, in Brazil, there was a link to the rights to memory and truth. In both countries, the difficulties that arise concern the protection of the norm and its enforcement bodies in the face of different political scenarios.
Entwicklung und Stand der Forschung zum unterstützten Wohnen von Menschen mit intellektuellen Beeinträchtigungen in Deutschland
Authors: Seifert Monika , Metzler Heidrun 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der Kritik an der Betreuung von Menschen mit Behinderung, die bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts ausschließlich in Anstalten möglich war, werden wesentliche Etappen der Wohnforschung in Deutschland seit den 1980er Jahren dargestellt. Die Forschungsprojekte spiegeln die Veränderungsprozesse, die mit sozialpolitischen Entwicklungen und dem stetigen Wandel der Leitprinzipien einhergingen. Schwerpunkte sind Bestandsaufnahmen der Prozesse der Enthospitalisierung und Deinstitutionalisierung, Untersuchungen unterschiedlicher Wohnsettings hinsichtlich ihrer Auswirkungen auf Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe und die Verbesserung der individuellen Lebensqualität. In jüngeren Jahren werden Konversionsprozesse in Komplexeinrichtungen, die Rolle von Mitarbeitenden und Angehörigen, Wohnen bei alters- oder behinderungsbedingt spezifischen Bedarfen und Fragen der Organisationsentwicklung, der lokalen Unterstützungssysteme, der Sozialplanung sowie der Quartiersentwicklung in den Blick genommen.
Teacher Intervention in Collaborative Mathematics Problem Solving in Secondary School
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Wei Hang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn PISA 2015, students from four China mainland cities/provinces performed worse in collaborative problem solving (CPS) than in other subjects. While student collaboration has been widely implemented in Chinese classrooms since 2001, empirical research on the role and intervention of teachers is still quite scarce. Influenced by international and national tests, open-ended tasks have been widely developed and used during mathematics lessons, which are seen as more suitable for CPS. In this paper, we investigated the effect of teacher intervention during pair and group CPS by experimenting with four teachers in eight classes, then selected a few typical cases and analysed their effect on task performance regarding intervention focus and means. Three of the four teachers’ interventions proved effective. The most and least effective teachers were selected for the case study. We discussed the effect of teacher intervention in terms of intervention styles and control. Because teachers in Chinese/Western classrooms differ in authority, we discussed intervention styles and offered suggestions for choosing and carefully implementing appropriate forms of group collaboration.
A Study of Conflict Discourse in Mathematical Collaborative Problem Solving
Authors: Zhao Jingbo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConflicts are more common in collaborative problem solving and can be a prelude to effective collaboration. In this chapter, 35 four-student groups from the project are selected for analysing conflict and negotiation in the process of collaborative problem solving through discourse analysis theory. Results of this study suggested that conflict and negotiation play a critical role in effective collaborative problem solving. In a general sense, conflict and detente are two common states in interpersonal communication, as well as two normal states of discourse choice (including speech act, sentence, vocabulary, etc.) and linguistic power game in the context of language use. Implications for collaborative learning in mathematics classrooms were discussed from both teacher and student perspectives.
Estimating the Impacts of Seasonal Variations of Streetscape on Dockless Bike Sharing Trip with Street View Images and Computer Vision
Authors: Zhao Yongqin , Wang Sijia , Chen Difan , Huang Kaijie , Zhang Siyuan , Qiu Waishan , Li Wenjing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA significant portion of the cycling experience is influenced by the streetscape, and this impact varies throughout the year. The temporal dynamic of streetscape has been neglected in most previous studies, including urban public mobility route choices. This paper examines the correlation between dockless bike sharing and streetscape as well as spatial elements in different seasons using a large amount of GPS bike trajectory data collected by LIME. The study shows that: (1) DBS volume is significantly influenced by seasonal streetscape factors such as roads, cars, sidewalks, tree, and vegetation color; (2) How significantly these seasonal factors affect DBS volume differs in summer and autumn; (3) In both summer and autumn models, non-seasonal factors like mixed land use score, street network connectivity, etc., are significant. Some non-seasonal factors only impact the DBS volume in one season; (4) When adding subjective perception to models of both seasons, model explanatory does get improved very slightly.