bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive lifestyle modification interventions for metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Park Sungwon , Lee Jiwon , Seok Jo Woon , Park Chang Gi , Jun Jin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious systematic reviews and meta‐analyses have mainly focused on improvements in the number of metabolic syndrome risk factors and individual changes in each risk factor, making it challenging to examine the impact of comprehensive lifestyle modification interventions on adherence to recommended health behaviors. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic and meta‐analysis aimed at identifying clinical parameter levels associated with lifestyle modification outcomes and adherence to recommended health behaviors for individuals with metabolic syndrome.MethodsA total of seven studies retrieved from four databases (CINAHL, Medline via PubMed, American Psychological Association PsycINFO, and Embase) were included in the review. The selected studies, which demonstrated improvements in health behaviors, all included diet and exercise as main factors of comprehensive lifestyle modification in home settings.ResultsOur findings suggest that a 6‐month comprehensive intervention including diet and exercise can be effective in decreasing glucose levels and systolic blood pressure. However, given the limited available data, further studies investigating the efficacy of interventions of varying durations are needed.DiscussionAlthough our review included a small number of studies, comprehensive lifestyle modifications consisting of at least two components (primarily diet and exercise) can improve health behaviors and some clinical parameters among individuals with metabolic syndrome. Future studies are needed to investigate the long‐term effects of lifestyle modifications on health behavior adherence and explore effective interventions to address certain clinical parameters, such as high‐density lipoprotein levels. Also, we recommend using objective and quantifiable measure to compare adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications across studies.Clinical RelevanceThis research provides empirical evidence of the effectiveness of comprehensive lifestyle modification and emphasizes the need to develop long‐term nursing strategies in public health that can be used to effectively manage metabolic syndrome.
Within‐development density and housing prices in Singapore
Authors: Fesselmeyer Eric , Liu Haoming , Poco Louisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper measures how much more households pay for less density in their immediate surroundings. Using transaction and administrative data and exploiting the introduction of a regulation that restricted the number of housing units for certain land lots, we find that households discount density: a 10% increase in within‐development density decreases the price per square meter by 5%. Further, the mean price per square meter of the average development increased by 1%–3% after the regulation was introduced, while the amount of built‐up space remained constant. The increase in total revenue suggests developers may underestimate the externality caused by density.
A rapid molecular diagnostic tool to discriminate alleles of avirulence genes and haplotypes of Phytophthora sojae using high‐resolution melting analysis
Authors: Santhanam Parthasarathy , Labbé Caroline , Tremblay Vanessa , Bélanger Richard R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEffectors encoded by avirulence genes (Avr) interact with the Phytophthora sojae resistance gene (Rps) products to generate incompatible interactions. The virulence profile of P. sojae is rapidly evolving as a result of the large‐scale deployment of Rps genes in soybean. For a successful exploitation of Rps genes, it is recommended that soybean growers use cultivars containing the Rps genes corresponding to Avr genes present in P. sojae populations present in their fields. Determination of the virulence profile of P. sojae isolates is critical for the selection of soybean cultivars. High‐resolution melting curve (HRM) analysis is a powerful tool, first applied in medicine, for detecting mutations with potential applications in different biological fields. Here, we report the development of an HRM protocol, as an original approach to discriminate effectors, to differentiate P. sojae haplotypes for six Avr genes. An HRM assay was performed on 24 P. sojae isolates with different haplotypes collected from soybean fields across Canada. The results clearly confirmed that the HRM assay discriminated different virulence genotypes. Moreover, the HRM assay was able to differentiate multiple haplotypes representing small allelic variations. HRM‐based prediction was validated by phenotyping assays. This HRM assay provides a unique, cost‐effective and efficient tool to predict virulence pathotypes associated with six different Avr (1b, 1c, 1d, 1k, 3a and 6) genes from P. sojae, which can be applied in the deployment of appropriate Rps genes in soybean fields.
Automated artificial intelligence‐based three‐dimensional comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes with and without piezocision surgery
Authors: Gurgel Marcela , Alvarez Maria Antonia , Aristizabal Juan Fernando , Baquero Baptiste , Gillot Maxime , Al Turkestani Najla , Miranda Felicia , Castillo Aron Aliaga‐Del , Bianchi Jonas , de Oliveira Ruellas Antonio Carlos , Ioshida Marcos , Yatabe Marilia , Rey Diego , Prieto Juan , Cevidanes Lucia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjective(s)This study aims to evaluate the influence of the piezocision surgery in the orthodontic biomechanics, as well as in the magnitude and direction of tooth movement in the mandibular arch using novel artificial intelligence (AI)‐automated tools.Materials and MethodsNineteen patients, who had piezocision performed in the lower arch at the beginning of treatment with the goal of accelerating tooth movement, were compared to 19 patients who did not receive piezocision. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans (IOS) were acquired before and after orthodontic treatment. AI‐automated dental tools were used to segment and locate landmarks in dental crowns from IOS and root canals from CBCT scans to quantify 3D tooth movement. Differences in mesial‐distal, buccolingual, intrusion and extrusion linear movements, as well as tooth long axis angulation and rotation were compared.ResultsThe treatment time for the control and experimental groups were 13.2 ± 5.06 and 13 ± 5.52 months respectively (P = .176). Overall, anterior and posterior tooth movement presented similar 3D linear and angular changes in the groups. The piezocision group demonstrated greater (P = .01) mesial long axis angulation of lower right first premolar (4.4 ± 6°) compared with control group (0.02 ± 4.9°), while the mesial rotation was significantly smaller (P = .008) in the experimental group (0.5 ± 7.8°) than in the control (8.5 ± 9.8°) considering the same tooth.ConclusionThe open source‐automated dental tools facilitated the clinicians' assessment of piezocision treatment outcomes. The piezocision surgery prior to the orthodontic treatment did not decrease the treatment time and did not influence in the orthodontic biomechanics, leading to similar tooth movements compared to conventional treatment.
From preschool wheezing to asthma: Environmental determinants
Authors: Xing Yuhan , Leung Agnes Sze‐Yin , Wong Gary Wing‐Kin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWheezing is common among preschool children, representing a group of highly heterogeneous conditions with varying natural history. Several phenotypes of wheezing have been proposed to facilitate the identification of young children who are at risk of subsequent development of asthma. Epidemiological and immunological studies across different populations have revealed the key role of environmental factors in influencing the progression from preschool wheezing to childhood asthma. Significant risk factors include severe respiratory infections, allergic sensitization, and exposure to tobacco smoke. In contrast, a farming/rural environment has been linked to asthma protection in both human and animal studies. Early and intense exposures to microorganisms and microbial metabolites have been demonstrated to alter host immune responses to allergens and viruses, thereby driving the trajectory away from wheezing illness and asthma. Ongoing clinical trials of candidate microbes and microbial products have shown promise in shaping the immune function to reduce episodes of viral‐induced wheezing. Moreover, restoring immune training may be especially important for young children who had reduced microbial exposure due to pandemic restrictions. A comprehensive understanding of the role of modifiable environmental factors will pave the way for developing targeted prevention strategies for preschool wheezing and asthma.
African economic integration and trade
Authors: Stack Marie M. , Amissah Emmanuel B. , Bliss Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEconomic integration ranks as one of the leading development strategies in Africa. The newly created African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the proposed Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA) linking three major regional blocks offer a new impetus to studying trade policy effects. Using a structural gravity model of bilateral manufacturing trade between the African Union member states and all countries in the world, the trade effects of African economic integration agreements (EIAs) are assessed. The findings suggest that economic integration, in aggregate, enhances total African exports. Disaggregating the effects by type of agreement and by subgroups of countries, free trade agreements (FTAs) and partial scope agreements (PSAs) are found to increase extra‐African exports, but have no effects on intra‐African exports. A positive and significant effect on intra‐African exports is introduced when the FTA dummy is combined with AfCFTA in contrast to a neutral effect stemming from the joint FTA‐TFTA dummy. The findings suggest that a continent‐wide FTA yields greater benefits when compared with integrating the subregions.
Aerosol Characterization During Heating and Mechanical Cutting of Simulated Uranium Containing Debris: the URASOL Project in the Framework of Fukushima Daiichi Fuel Debris Removal
Authors: Porcheron Emmanuel , Journeau Christophe , Delacroix Jules , Berlemont Romain , Bouland Antonin , Lallot Yvan , Tsubota Youichi , Ikeda-Ohno Atsushi , Mitsugi Takeshi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
One of the important challenges for the decommissioning of the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F) is the fuel debris retrieval. The generation and dispersion of radioactive aerosols during the cutting operations of fuel debris pose a significant radiation and health risk during the decommissioning process. Quantitative assessments of potential contamination with radioactive aerosols are fundamental to the development of a safety case for the decommissioning of 1F. Detailed studies on the generation of aerosols during cutting processes of inactive fuel debris simulants by various tools have been performed [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], underlining the influence of each cutting tool and its operating conditions, the chemical composition of cut materials, and the environmental conditions of the dismantling, such as in air for dry or wet conditions and underwater conditions. The size distribution, morphology and composition of particles released during cutting are equally significant when predicting their transport and deposition behavior through numerical simulations and assessing their radioactivity. Furthermore, quantitative characterization of radioactive aerosols is essential to develop and optimize technologies to capture and mitigate particulate contaminants dissemination.
In this context, the URASOL project (abbreviation for “Particle generation test using simulated uranium containing debris”, a word coined from URAnium and aeroSOL), which is undertaken by a French consortium consisting of ONET Technologies, CEA, and IRSN for JAEA/CLADS, is dedicated to acquire basic scientific data on the generation and characteristics of radioactive aerosols from the thermal or mechanical processing of fuel debris simulant [6]. Heating process undertaken in the VITAE (acronym for VITi-AErosols) facility simulates some representative conditions of thermal cutting by laser [7]. For mechanical cutting, the core boring technique is implemented in the FUJISAN facility. Fuel debris simulants have been developed for inactive and active trials [8].
The aerosols are characterized in terms of mass concentration, real time number concentration, mass size distribution, morphology, and chemical properties. The chemical characterization aims at identifying potential radioactive particles released and the associated size distribution, both of which are important information for assessing possible safety and radioprotection measures during the fuel debris retrieval operations at 1F.
Explainable Machine Learning Approach to Yield and Quality Improvements Using Deep Topological Data Analytics
Authors: Giri Janhavi , Lengyel Attila 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In wafer fabrication, data is collected and analyzed to prevent process deviations that could affect product quality and wafer yield. However, the high-dimensional, sparse, and imbalanced nature of the data poses significant challenges to yield and quality root cause analysis. Deep Topological Data Analysis (DTDA) is an unsupervised machine learning method that clusters and models the data in the form of geometric objects such as graphs and their higher-dimensional versions. This method reduces the multidimensional dataset to two-dimensional networks or graphs, where each node represents a cluster of samples with similar characteristics, and an edge represents the presence of overlapping characteristics between the connecting nodes. DTDA provides insights into the necessary data elements required to conduct accurate analysis and helps engineers identify the features contributing to yield and quality issues, enabling corrective actions. Moreover, the approach prevents the waste of engineering resources and mitigates the impact on final manufacturing cost.
Computational Analysis of Thermal Performance of Water-Cooled Cold Plate for Chips With Hotspots
Authors: Farahikia Mahdi , Wang Ping-Chuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A numerical analysis of the effects of water-cooled cold plate designs and the coolant inlet velocity on the thermal management of computer chips with hotspots is presented. With the increasing demand for computational capabilities of highperformance computing, non-uniform temperature distribution across the chip becomes a significant thermal management problem. Localized high temperature regions on the chip surface, known as hotspots, contribute to this non-uniform temperature distribution and may increase the chip temperatures to dangerous levels. Also, the resulting temperature gradient has detrimental impact on various reliability mechanisms of electronic devices. Available research suggests that conventional methods of thermal management, such as air-cooled heat sinks, have reached their optimal limit. Therefore, novel and more efficient thermal management of the computer chips is needed to improve their reliability and performance. Thanks to the advancement of additive manufacturing, it is possible to investigate the heat-removal efficiency of various cold plate designs that are not achievable using conventional manufacturing. In this study, several water-cooled cold plate designs involving different pin fin and mini channel configurations are analyzed for a typical CPU with a hotspot using COMSOL, commercial finite element analysis program. Conjugate heat transfer physics corresponding to heat transfer in solids and laminar flow was used. Various velocities of inlet water are studied as well, while maintaining a laminar flow inside the cold plate. The inlet temperature of water was chosen to be room temperature. Chip temperature uniformity, thermal resistance of the cold plate, maximum and minimum temperatures at the chip level, pressure drop, and pump power were calculated. These response parameters were used to compare the thermal performance of each of the cold plate designs and the inlet velocities. The results from this study suggest that a cold plate with pin fins located on the hotspot performs better than one with only channels in mitigating the hotspot. It is also observed that a quasi-uniform temperature distribution may be achieved if overcooling of the background region is avoided.
Sustainable Silver Ink Flexible Circuits Fabrication Using Direct Write Additive Manufacturing Techniques
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Musa Fatahi , Soni Ved , Miller Scott 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Conventional inorganic inks used to fabricate additive circuits pose a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic nature and non-biodegradable properties. There is a need for a more sustainable alternative for the realization of additively printed electronics. Water-based inks, made from renewable and biodegradable materials, have emerged as a promising solution. The study presented in this paper focuses on examining process-performance interactions for direct-write printed circuits and the attachment of surface-mount components. The authors investigate the ability of direct-write methods to create functional circuits while also exploring the effects of process parameters on the manufactured properties. Process recipes have been developed on a water-based sustainable silver ink applied to two different substrates (PET and Polyimide), and the impact of varying print parameters was compared among the substrates. The findings reveal the influence of print parameters on the mechanical and electrical properties of the printed traces, as well as demonstrate the additive printing of circuits and the attachment of surface-mount components using the optimal process parameters. Furthermore, the performance of a printed Active Lowpass Filter was evaluated using LTspice software. This research aims to demonstrate the viability of direct-write technology as a sustainable and viable alternative for the manufacture of traditional electronic circuits by successfully attaching surface-mount components to printed pads.
Parametric Multi-Objective Optimization of Cold Plate for Single-Phase Immersion Cooling
Authors: Simon Vibin Shalom , Joseph Geevarghese , Barigala Anto , Saini Satyam , Shahi Pardeep , Chinthaparthy Lochan Sai Reddy , Bansode Pratik Vithoba , Agonafer Dereje 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increasing demand for high-performance computing in applications such as the Internet of Things, Deep Learning, Big data for crypto-mining, virtual reality, healthcare research on genomic sequencing, cancer treatment, etc. have led to the growth of hyperscale data centers. To meet the cooling energy demands of HPC datacenters efficient cooling technologies must be adopted. Traditional air cooling, direct-to-chip liquid cooling, and immersion are some of those methods. Among all, Liquid cooling is superior compared to various air-cooling methods in terms of energy consumption. Direct on-chip cooling using cold plate technology is one such method used in removing heat from high-power electronic components such as CPUs and GPUs in a broader sense. Over the years Thermal Design Power (TDP) is rapidly increasing and will continue to increase in the coming years for not only CPUs and GPUs but also associated electronic components like DRAMs, Platform Control Hub (PCH), and other I/O chipsets on a typical server board. Therefore, unlike air hybrid cooling which uses liquid for cold plates and air as the secondary medium of cooling the associated electronics, we foresee using immersion-based fluids to cool the rest of the electronics in the server. The broader focus of this research is to study the effects of adopting immersion cooling, with integrated cold plates for high-performance systems. Although there are several other factors involved in the study, the focus of this paper will be the optimization of cold plate microchannels for immersion-based fluids in an immersion-cooled environment. Since immersion fluids are dielectric and the fluids used in cold plates are conductive, it exposes us to a major risk of leakage into the tank and short-circuiting the electronics. Therefore, we propose using the immersed fluid to pump into the cold plate. However, it leads to a suspicion of poor thermal performance and associated pumping power due to the difference in viscosity and other fluid properties. To address the thermal and flow performance, the objective is to optimize the cold plate microchannel fin parameters based on thermal and flow performance by evaluating thermal resistance and pressure drop across the cold plate. The detailed CFD model and optimization of the cold plate were done using Ansys Icepak and Ansys OptiSLang respectively.
Assessment of Propensity for Pad Cratering at the Board Resin-Glass Interface Under Assembly and Rework
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Choudhury Padmanava , Pandurangan Aathi Raja Ram 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reliability requirements for harsh environment electronic packages are increasing with the use of electronics in automotive underhood. The underhood includes various safety and critical functions such as automated locking systems, electronic fuel injection systems, engine control units, and anti-lock braking systems. Pad cratering manifests with initiation and propagation of micro-cracks beneath the BGA packages in the organic printed circuit boards. Major factors of these cracks formed with the combination of thermal cycling, shocks, vibrations, incorrect design or material selection, and manufacturing defects. In this investigation, the problem of pad cratering has been systematically approached by analyzing the bulk behavior of the resins using a tensile dogbone specimen and then moving forward with a bent specimen for the glass-resin interfaces. The first bulk study consists of 12 different resin formulations in which material property changes were studied under two and six reflow cycles. In the second part, a four-point bend interface specimen was used. The effect of reflow cycles was investigated by reporting perc-change in the Mode-I stress intensity factor and using this metric to rank the interfaces. In the end, an effort was made to create a predictive regression model with predictors being material properties of the samples such as elastic modulus, toughness, UTS, elongation of the resins, glass transition temperatures, and environmental conditions such as reflow cycles.