bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence and Technology Collaboratories: Innovating aging research and Alzheimer's care
Authors: Abadir Peter , Oh Esther , Chellappa Rama , Choudhry Niteesh , Demiris George , Ganesan Deepak , Karlawish Jason , Marlin Benjamin , Li Rose M. , Dehak Najim , Arbaje Alicia , Unberath Mathias , Cudjoe Thomas , Chute Christopher , Moore Jason H. , Phan Phillip , Samus Quincy , Schoenborn Nancy L. , Battle Alexis , Walston Jeremy D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis perspective outlines the Artificial Intelligence and Technology Collaboratories (AITC) at Johns Hopkins University, University of Pennsylvania, and University of Massachusetts, highlighting their roles in developing AI‐based technologies for older adult care, particularly targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD). These National Institute on Aging (NIA) centers foster collaboration among clinicians, gerontologists, ethicists, business professionals, and engineers to create AI solutions. Key activities include identifying technology needs, stakeholder engagement, training, mentoring, data integration, and navigating ethical challenges. The objective is to apply these innovations effectively in real‐world scenarios, including in rural settings. In addition, the AITC focuses on developing best practices for AI application in the care of older adults, facilitating pilot studies, and addressing ethical concerns related to technology development for older adults with cognitive impairment, with the ultimate aim of improving the lives of older adults and their caregivers.Highlights
Addressing the complex needs of older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires a comprehensive approach, integrating medical and social support. Current gaps in training, techniques, tools, and expertise hinder uniform access across communities and health care settings.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies hold promise in transforming care for this demographic. Yet, transitioning these innovations from concept to marketable products presents significant challenges, often stalling promising advancements in the developmental phase.
The Artificial Intelligence and Technology Collaboratories (AITC) program, funded by the National Institute on Aging (NIA), presents a viable model. These Collaboratories foster the development and implementation of AI methods and technologies through projects aimed at improving care for older Americans, particularly those with AD, and promote the sharing of best practices in AI and technology integration.
Why Does This Matter? The National Institute on Aging (NIA) Artificial Intelligence and Technology Collaboratories (AITC) program's mission is to accelerate the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and new technologies for the betterment of older adults, especially those with dementia. By bridging scientific and technological expertise, fostering clinical and industry partnerships, and enhancing the sharing of best practices, this program can significantly improve the health and quality of life for older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Switching Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Pathways through Electronic Tuning of Copper Porphyrins
Authors: Peng Xinyang , Zhang Mengchun , Qin Haonan , Han Jinxiu , Xu Yuhan , Li Wenzi , Zhang Xue‐Peng , Zhang Wei , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Cao Rui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe electronic structure of metal complexes plays key roles in determining their catalytic features. However, controlling electronic structures to regulate reaction mechanisms is of fundamental interest but has been rarely presented. Herein, we report electronic tuning of Cu porphyrins to switch pathways of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Through controllable and regioselective β‐oxidation of Cu porphyrin 1, we synthesized analogues 2–4 with one or two β‐lactone groups in either a cis or trans configuration. Complexes 1–4 have the same Cu‐N4 core site but different electronic structures. Although β‐oxidation led to large anodic shifts of reductions, 1–4 displayed similar HER activities in terms of close overpotentials. With electrochemical, chemical and theoretical results, we show that the catalytically active species switches from a CuI species for 1 to a Cu0 species for 4. This work is thus significant to present mechanism‐controllable HER via electronic tuning of catalysts.
Site‐Isolated Rhodium(II) Metalloradicals Catalyze Olefin Hydrofunctionalization
Authors: Qiu Zihang , Deng Hao , Neumann Constanze N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRh(II) porphyrin complexes display pronounced metal‐centered radical character and the ability to activate small molecules under mild conditions, but catalysis with Rh(II) porphyrins is extremely rare. In addition to facile dimerization, Rh(II) porphyrins readily engage in kinetically and thermodynamically facile reactions involving two Rh(II) centers to generate stable Rh(III)−X intermediates that obstruct turnover in thermal catalysis. Here we report site isolation of Rh(II) metalloradicals in a MOF host, which not only protects Rh(II) metalloradicals against dimerization, but also allows them to participate in thermal catalysis. Access to PCN‐224 or PCN‐222 in which the porphyrin linkers are fully metalated by Rh(II) in the absence of any accompanying Rh(0) nanoparticles was achieved via the first direct MOF synthesis with a linker containing a transition‐metal alkyl moiety, followed by Rh(III)−C bond photolysis.
Balancing strength and sustainability: Incorporating recycled tyres and pawpaw fibre in polystyrene composites
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale George , Abdulkareem Sulyman Age , Amoloye Mubarak A. , Emenike Ebuka Chizitere , Ezzat Abdelrahman O. , Iwuozor Kingsley O. , Al‐Lohedan Hamad A. , Aransiola Favour Taiye , Oyekunle Ifeoluwa Peter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study presents the development and characterization of rubberized fibrillated polystyrene composites using recycled rubber tires and pawpaw fibres. The composites were prepared by varying the proportions of rubber and fibre. FTIR, SEM, EDX and hardness testing were used to characterize the composites. FTIR spectroscopy revealed distinct peaks, including hydroxyl and amine, but with a notable absence of the O‐H group in nearly all composites, affirming their durability and potential suitability for applications in moist environments. SEM results showed that the introduction of rubber tires did not significantly alter the smooth and fine‐grained nature of the polystyrene resin, whereas the inclusion of pawpaw fibre resulted in an irregular and coarse surface. Mechanical testing demonstrated that the hardness of the composites was dependent on the composition, with rubber‐rich composites being more flexible and pawpaw‐fibre‐rich composites exhibiting greater rigidity.
Hydrophobic polymer nano hybrid ternary composite electrode for nanomolar tracing of Cd2+ ions
Authors: Mane Savita S. , Joshi Girish M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present study, we reported the successful synthesis of a ternary nano hybrid polymer composite system obtained by solution casting. Composing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) derived ECM ternary electrode. It demonstrated an excellent electrochemical sensor performance and a more efficient supercapacitor. Chemical structure of hybrid electrode Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) illustrated the CS and CN stretching with MoS2 and CNT new bands (at 1368 and 1032 cm−1). FE‐SEM and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) 3D topographic image identified the decreased rough morphology of the hybrid electrode. Whereas contact angle measurements revealed the enhanced wettability of electrode system. Microporous nature of the hybrid electrode was observed through SEM investigation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the nano hybrid entity in a hybrid electrode system. XRD and TEM investigation confirmed semicrystalline phase of the hybrid electrode system due to the presence of MoS2. D band, G bands, E12g and A1g vibrational modes in Raman spectroscopy revealed the occupied hybrid filler CNTs and MoS2. An electroactive site for the Cd2+ ion sensor was confirmed by the ECM/PGE hybrid electrode. It comply the desirable sensor qualities, such as excellent selectivity, reproducibility and repeatability with a high accuracy and lower detection limit of 15 nM. Additionally, the ECM/PGE electrode demonstrated a capacitive nature with an aerial capacitance of 73 μF/cm2 at an applied current density of 3 μA/cm2. Furthermore, it exhibited a power density of 44 mW/cm2 and an energy density of 148 μWh/cm2 over a wide potential range of 1 V.
The effect of antimicrobial peptide HX‐12C on the properties of chitosan/polyacrylic acid hydrogel
Authors: Tang Dongfang , Du Jingxuan , Zhao Xiongjie , Cai Yucong , Zou Jiayi , Qi Jieqiong , Liu Xin , Qin Zuodong , Tang Wufei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial peptide (AMP) hydrogel is a novel biomaterial widely used in wound healing. However, there have been limited studies investigating the effect of AMP on hydrogel properties so far. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the influence of the AMP HX‐12C on the chitosan/polyacrylic acid (CS/PAA) double‐network (DN) hydrogel. The results showed that the mechanical properties of CS/PAA/HX‐12C hydrogel are significantly improved compared with those of CS/PAA hydrogel. The maximum tensile stress increased from 41.0 to 258.5 KPa, and the compression stress required for 80% hydrogel deformation increased from 3.7 to 6.7 MPa. Furthermore, the thermal stability of CS/PAA/HX‐12C showed a noticeable enhancement when compared with CS/PAA hydrogel. In addition, the CS/PAA/HX‐12C hydrogel exhibited improved porosity and swelling performance. The addition of HX‐12C significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of the hydrogel against Escherichia coli and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Cytotoxicity test showed that the viability of L929 cell remained above 90% after treatment with CS/PAA/HX‐12C hydrogel extract, indicating the good biocompatibility. In conclusion, AMP assuredly enhances the mechanical property, swelling performance and antimicrobial activity of hydrogel. The CS/PAA/HX‐12C hydrogel shows potential for use as anti‐infective medical material.
Gelatin‐based air‐entraining agents for ordinary portland cement: Chelate Ca2+ and reduce surface tension
Authors: Gao Xianshu , Tang Pengfei , Gu Tao , Zhuang Jia , Zhang Hongping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroducing uniform, stable, and small pores by adding air‐entraining agents (AEAs) is an effective strategy for improving the freeze–thaw resistance and workability of cement concrete materials. In this study, the gelatin with hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups was used as an AEA for cement concrete materials and systematically studied its effect on the performance of cement mortar specimens. The results showed that gelatin has a surfactant‐like function and can effectively reduce the surface tension of the gas–liquid interface. In an alkaline environment, Ca2+ ions in cement pore solution chelate with carboxylate ions formed by carboxyl ionization, further enhancing the performance of gelatin‐based AEAs. Thanks to the reduction in surface activity and carboxyl ionization, introducing gelatin increased the porosity of cement mortar specimens from 0.53% to 2.69%. Furthermore, introducing an appropriate amount (>0.1 wt%) of gelatin does not significantly impact the workability or mechanical properties of cement mortar. Based on these characteristics, gelatin has potential as an AEA for cement concrete materials.
Sulfonyl thioureas with a benzo[d]thiazole ring as dual acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase and human monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors: An in vitro and in silico study
Authors: Dinh Thanh Nguyen , Son Hai Do , Ngoc Toan Vu , Thi Kim Van Hoang , Thi Kim Giang Nguyen , Minh Tri Nguyen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA series of sulfonyl thioureas 6a–q containing a benzo[d]thiazole ring with an ester functional group was synthesized from corresponding substituted 2‐aminobenzo[d]thiazoles 3a–q and p‐toluenesulfonyl isothiocyanate. They had remarkable inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO)‐A, and MAO‐B. Among thioureas, several compounds had notable activity in the order of 6k > 6 h > 6c (AChE), 6j > 6g > 6k (BChE), 6k > 6g > 6f (MAO‐A), and 6i > 6k > 6h (MAO‐B). Compound 6k was an inhibitor of interest due to its potent or good activity against all studied enzymes, with IC50 values of 0.027 ± 0.008 μM (AChE), 0.043 ± 0.004 μM (BChE), 0.353 ± 0.01 μM (MAO‐A), and 0.716 ± 0.02 μM (MAO‐B). This inhibitory capacity was comparable to that of the reference drugs for each enzyme. Kinetic studies of two compounds with potential activity, 6k (against AChE) and 6j (against BChE), had shown that both 6k and 6j followed competitive‐type enzyme inhibition, with Ki constants of 24.49 and 12.16 nM, respectively. Induced fit docking studies for enzymes 4EY7, 7BO4, 2BXR, and 2BYB showed active interactions between sulfonyl thioureas of benzo[d]thiazoles and the residues in the active pocket with ligands 6k, 6i, and 6j, respectively. The stability of the ligand–protein complexes while each ligand entered the active site of each enzyme (4EY7, 7BO4, 2BXR, or 2BYB) was confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations.
Liquid Metal Encased in Biomimic Polydopamine Armor to Reinforce Photothermal Conversion and Photothermal Stability
Authors: Wei Wei , Ai Libang , Li Minhao , Hou Fengming , Xiong Can , Li Yihang , Wei Ang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiquid metal (LM) faces numerous obstacles like spontaneous coalescence, prone oxidizability, and deterioration in photothermal conversion, impeding the potential application as photothermal agent. To tackle these issues, several studies have focused on surface engineering strategy. Developing a feasible and efficient surface engineering strategy is crucial to prevent the aggregation and coalescence of LM, while also ensuring exceptional photothermal conversion and biosecurity. In order to achieve these goals in this work, the biomimetic polydopamine (PDA) armor was chosen to encase a typical LM (eutectic gallium‐indium‐tin alloy) via self‐polymerization. Characterization results showed that the PDA encased LM nanoparticle exhibited enhanced photothermal stability, photothermal conversion, and biosecurity, which could be derived from the following factors: (1) The PDA protective shell acted as an “armor”, isolating LM from dissolved oxygen and water, inhibiting heating‐accelerated oxidation and shape morphing. (2) The exceptional near‐infrared absorption of PDA was conducive to the photothermal conversion. (3) The biomimetic characteristic of polydopamine (PDA) was advantageous for improving the biosecurity. Hence, this work presented a new surface engineering strategy to reinforce LM for photothermal conversion application.
Perspectives on Development of Optoelectronic Materials in Artificial Intelligence Age
Authors: Yuan Ting , Song Xianzhi , Shi Yuxin , Wei Shuyan , Han Yuyi , Yang Linjuan , Zhang Yang , Li Xiaohong , Li Yunchao , Shen Lin , Fan Louzhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOptoelectronic devices, such as light‐emitting diodes, have been demonstrated as one of the most demanded forthcoming display and lighting technologies because of their low cost, low power consumption, high brightness, and high contrast. The improvement of device performance relies on advances in precisely designing novelty functional materials, including light‐emitting materials, hosts, hole/electron transport materials, and yet which is a time‐consuming, laborious and resource‐intensive task. Recently, machine learning (ML) has shown great prospects to accelerate material discovery and property enhancement. This review will summarize the workflow of ML in optoelectronic materials discovery, including data collection, feature engineering, model selection, model evaluation and model application. We highlight multiple recent applications of machine‐learned potentials in various optoelectronic functional materials, ranging from semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) or perovskite QDs, organic molecules to carbon‐based nanomaterials. We furthermore discuss the current challenges to fully realize the potential of ML‐assisted materials design for optoelectronics applications. It is anticipated that this review will provide critical insights to inspire new exciting discoveries on ML‐guided of high‐performance optoelectronic devices with a combined effort from different disciplines.
The impact of measurement on clinical trials: Comparison of preliminary outcomes of a brief mobile intervention for autistic adults using multiple measurement approaches
Authors: Mournet Annabelle M. , Gunin Gabrielle , Shinall Jacqueline , Brennan Emily , Jadav Nikita , Istvan Emily , Kleiman Evan M. , Bal Vanessa H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInitial studies of the emotional safety plan (ESP), a new, brief telehealth and mobile intervention to support autistic adults to cope with periods of distress, have reported feasibility and acceptability (Bal et al., 2023, Autism, 1–13). Herein we report the preliminary clinical outcomes of thirty‐six autistic adults who developed a personalized ESP, with a specific interest in comparing “outcomes” demonstrated by different instruments and assessment frequencies in order to inform outcome measurement in future clinical trials. Comparison of pre‐intervention baseline to post‐monitoring outcome (pre–post) anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 [GAD‐7]) and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 [PHQ‐9]) revealed medium effect sizes for reduction in symptoms, though, low effect sizes were observed for pre–post Adult Self‐report Anxiety and Depressive Problems scales and the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory Reactivity and Dysphoria scales. Weekly assessments showed an initial decrease in GAD‐7 anxiety symptoms but no effect on weekly PHQ‐9 depressive ratings. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data suggested that, when participants reported feeling sad or agitated and used the ESP, reduced negative feelings and increased positive states were reported in subsequent EMA. Perhaps not surprisingly, preliminary outcomes of these feasibility trials differed depending on measure chosen. Implications for the design of clinical trials are discussed.
Study of selenium enrichment metabolomics in Bacillus subtilis BSN313 via transcriptome analysis
Authors: Ullah Asad , Yin Xian , Naveed Muhammad , Aslam Sadar , Chan Malik Wajid Hussain , Bo Sun , Wang Fenghuan , Xu Bo , Xu Baocai , Yu Zhou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, the transcriptome analysis was practiced to identify potential genes of probiotic Bacillus subtilis BSN313 involved in selenium (Se) enrichment metabolism. The transcriptomic variation of the strain was deliberated in presence of three different sodium selenite concentrations (0, 3, and 20 μg/mL). The samples were taken at 1 and 13 h subsequent to inoculation of selenite and gene expression profiles in Se metabolism were analyzed through RNA sequencing. The gene expression levels of the pre log phase were lower than the stationary phase. It is because, the bacteria has maximum grown with high concentration of Se (enriched with organic Se), at stationary phase. Bacterial culture containing 3 μg/mL concentration of inorganic Se (sodium selenite) has shown highest gene expression as compared to no or high concentration of Se. This concentration (3 μg/mL) of sodium selenite (as Se) in the medium promoted the upregulation of thioredoxin reductase expression, whereas its higher Se concentration inhibited the formation of selenomethionine (SeMet). The result of 5 L bioreactor fermentation showed that SeMet was also detected in the fermentation supernatant as the growth entered in the late stationary phase and reached up to 857.3 ng/mL. The overall intracellular SeMet enriched content in BSN313 was extended up to 23.4 μg/g dry cell weight. The other two selenoamino acids (Se‐AAs), methyl‐selenocysteine, and selenocysteine were hardly detected in medium supernatant. From this study, it was concluded that SeMet was the highest content of organic Se byproduct biosynthesized by B. subtilis BSN313 strain in Se‐enriched medium during stationary phase. Thus, B. subtilis BSN313 can be considered a commercial probiotic strain that can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This is because it can meet the commercial demand for Se‐AAs (SeMet) in both industries.
Feasibility of wood as a renewable carbon feedstock for the production of chemicals in Europe
Authors: Arts Wouter , Storms Ilié , Van Aelst Joost , Lagrain Bert , Verbist Bruno , Van Orshoven Jos , Verkerk Pieter Johannes , Vermeiren Walter , Lange Jean‐Paul , Muys Bart , Sels Bert F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn transitioning to a carbon‐neutral chemical industry, the intake of fossil feedstocks will have to be reduced by maximizing end‐of‐life product recycling and introducing alternative feedstocks based on renewable carbon. This perspective article analyses the potential of domestically grown and sourced woody biomass for the supply of renewable carbon for chemicals in Europe. The European chemical industry can become a major consumer of woody biomass in a context where burning wood for energy production is viewed as an unsustainable practice.
Mental health, bullying and school connectedness: A comparative analysis of school transition at age 11 from within the Welsh education system
Authors: Donaldson Caitlyn , Morgan Kelly , Page Nicholas , Angel Lianna , Moore Graham 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile transition from primary to secondary school is a positive experience for many young people, for others, it may be a difficult period of adjustment. Socioeconomic status (SES) may influence the likelihood of a positive or negative transition experience owing to differences in psychosocial (self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, social support) and flexible (cultural capital, financial support, power) resources to respond to the challenges presented by a new school environment. Welsh all‐age schools do not have a typical primary to secondary school transition and offer an opportunity for comparative analysis to explore the impact of transition on young people. This analysis used multilevel and structural equation modelling to assess differences in mental health and bullying outcomes in year 7 (first year of secondary education) in young people in all‐age schools compared with those in secondary schools. It also considered whether school connectedness might explain these differences. It found that school type did not significantly predict outcomes at a population level; however, there was evidence of an interaction between SES and school attended for some outcomes. Peer problems, conduct problems and bullying victimisation were lower for children with low SES when attending all‐age schools. For children with high SES, the same outcomes tended to be more positive if the children attended secondary schools. There was no evidence that school connectedness mediated the relationship between school type and mental health or bullying outcomes. Findings provide tentative evidence that all‐age schools may act to reduce health inequalities caused by SES.