bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLICE PUBLIC TRUST IN RELATION TO PEACEFUL BEHAVIOR, FEAR OF CRIME, AND CONTEXTUAL VICTIMIZATION PERCEPTION OF COMMUNITY LEADERS
Authors: Alejo-Abitago Jeanne , Nabe Nestor C. 
Published: January 2025

<p>This study aimed to develop the best-fit model of police public trust in the context of community leaders in Region IX. This study used a quantitative research design, employing Pearson correlation, reliability analysis using SPSS, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the best-fit model for police public trust. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 435 community leaders in Region IX who participated in the study. Findings revealed that peaceful behavior and fear of crime obtained a high level, while contextual victimization perception posted a moderate level, and police public trust acquired a high level. Results also revealed that there were significant relationships between peaceful behavior and police public trust, but fear of crime and contextual victimization perception towards police public trust were discovered to be not associated. Further, Model 3 best fits the public trust of the police in the Davao Region. The regression analysis indicates a strong and increasing positive relationship between exogenous and peaceful behavior, while fear of crime can lead to less peaceful behavior and the influence of victimization perception decreases over time. Also, the covariance analysis shows a strong positive relationship between fear of crime and victimization perception, a weaker positive link between peaceful behavior and victimization perception, and a nearly significant but weak connection between peaceful behavior and fear of crime.</p><p> </p><p><strong>SDG Indicator: </strong>#16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions)</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0729/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
MEANINGFUL LEARNING IN SOCIAL STUDIES: AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS
Authors: Adolfo Jeson H. , Sinang Aileen J. 
Published: January 2025

<p>The purpose of this study is to determine the underlying dimensions that characterize meaningful learning in social studies. It utilized an exploratory factor instrument analysis research design. Respondents were randomly selected for equal opportunity to be included in the survey. A researcher-made instrument was utilized which was developed for a focus group discussion (FGD). The validity of items was determined through the Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Item statements that passed the threshold of 0.80 were selected as part of the survey scale. A 60-item instrument was developed and utilized as a data collection tool administered to 380 junior high school students chosen through random sampling. Using Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with parallel analysis using GeominQ rotation, only 34 items met the criterion for a cut-off factor loading of .40 and above, forming the simple five-factor structure. Results of EFA yielded the five (5) dimensions of meaningful learning in social studies. Using thematic analysis, these five factors were labeled as: enriching and inclusive learning environment; enhancing civic awareness and critical thinking; promoting character development and social responsibility; utilizing technology and establishing clear guidelines; and interactive and fun learning. The findings of this study underscore the multifaceted nature of meaningful learning in social studies and the essential components required to cultivate it effectively.</p><p> </p><p><strong>SDG Indicator: </strong>Indicator: #4 (quality education)</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0762/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Політична та військова діяльність ліванської Хезболли у 2011-2022 рр. і її результати (Частина 1)
Authors: Зелінський А.Л. 
Published: January 2025

У центрі цієї статті перебуває період історії ліванської шиїтської радикальної воєнізованої проіранської організації Хезболла («Партія Аллаха»), котрий охоплює 2011-2022 рр. Йдеться про проміжок часу, що тривав від політичної реалізації Хезболлою здобутої у 2010 р. парламентської більшості до втрати нею домінуючої позиції у ліванському парламенті. Протягом 2005-2011 рр. Організація подолала шлях від реального входження до ліванських владних структур на правах опозиції до осягнення всеохоплюючого політичного домінування у країні кедрів. З цією метою Хезболлою було здійснено низку кроків: створення й очолення широкого багатопартійного та мультиконфесійного політичного блоку – Коаліції 8 березня, успішне доведення доцільності подальшого збереження воєнізованого крила організації, зміна її зовнішнього іміджу та якісне розширення соціальної бази, осягнення можливості застосовувати право вето у випадку загрози прийняття шкідливих для неї урядових рішень.
Протягом перебування на «піку» внутрішньополітичної могутності Хезболла зрештою опанувала органи законодавчої та виконавчої влади Лівану, а також підпорядкувала собі лідера потужної сунітської опозиції С. аль-Харірі. Водночас, на зовнішньополітичній арені «Партія Аллаха» набула статусу загальновизнаного регіонального актора і перетворилася з клієнта Ірану на його молодшого партнера. Проте, не зважаючи на вищенаведені переваги «Партії Аллаха», очолюваний нею політичний блок потерпів поразку на парламентських виборах 2022 р. До причин втрати Хезболлою безумовної монополії на владу необхідно віднести наступні: відмова від розробки та реалізації життєво важливих для Лівану економічних та політичних перетворень, неспроможність одночасного врахування інтересів важливих внутрішньополітичних союзників, відсутність користі для країни кедрів від зовнішньополітичних успіхів Хезболли. Хоча «Партія Аллаха» значною мірою зберегла низку важелів впливу на політику країни кедрів, проте відтепер її керівництво мусить рахуватися з внутрішньополітичними трендами ліванського суспільства.
Ставлення влади та суспільства Румунії до війни Росії проти України
Authors: Віднянський С.В. , Вовканич І.І. 
Published: January 2025

У статті розглянуто еволюцію українсько-румунських відносин, які набули нової якості та особливо значення після початку російсько-української війни в 2014 р. Зазначається, що тривалий час сусідні країни були багато в чому terra incognita одна до одної. Республіка Румунія з початку незаконної тимчасової окупації РФ Криму в 2014 р. засуджувала агресивні дії Кремля і підтримувала територіальну цілісність України, приєдналася до всіх європейських санкцій проти Росії через порушення територіальної цілісності України, забезпечувала дипломатичну підтримку України та її євроінтеграційний курс на міжнародній арені, поглиблювала двосторонні відносини.
Поворотними подіями в українсько-румунських відносинах стали Революція гідності 2013-2014 рр. в Україні, а також початок російсько-української війни і особливо – трагічні події лютого 2022 р. – широкомасштабне вторгнення Росії в Україну. День 24 лютого 2022 р. істотно змінив сприйняття румунами українців, а також ставлення українців до Румунії. Зокрема, із самого початку війни президент і уряд Румунії засудили агресивні дії Росії і разом з громадськістю, діаспорою та румунською національною спільнотою Буковини підтримують Україну та українців, надаючи їй всебічну допомогу, адже румуни розуміють, як наголошував президент Республіки Румунія Клаус Йоганніс, що «Україна нині воює та боронить не лише себе, а за всю Європу».
Gastrointestinal system involvement characteristics in Covid -19 patients
Authors: Atasoy Halil , Ucar Vehbi 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the involvement of gastrointestinal tract features in patients of coronavirus disease-2019, and to analyse the effects of these features on the development of critical illness, macrophage activation syndrome and mortalit
Method: The retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2022 at a tertiary care facility after approval from the ethics review committee of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Turkiye, and comprised data from March 30, 2020, to March 31, 2022, related to coronavirus disease-2019 inpatients. Gastrointestinal features, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, gastrointestinal bleeding, weight-loss and anorexia, and laboratory findings related to aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, amylase, C-reactive protein and ferritin levels were evaluated. The effects of biomarkers, clinical symptoms and findings on the development of macrophage activation syndrome, as well as the relationship with the development of critical illness and the effects on mortality were evaluated. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.0 statistical package program.
Results: Of the 2,154 patients, 1,150(53.4%) were males and 1,004(46.6%) were females. The overall mean age was 61(61±16.8) years (range: 18-90 years). A total of 109(5.1%) patients died, 195(9.1%) developed critical illness and 158(7.3%) developed macrophage activation syndrome. Gastrointestinal symptom anorexia had significant association with the development of macrophage activation syndrome and mortality (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant relationship between nausea a and development of critical illness (p <0.012). Macrophage activation syndrome, critical illness and mortality were significant in patients with high ferritin levels (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship of high alanine transaminase levels with macrophage activation syndrome and critical illness (p<0.05). High aspartate transaminase levels were significantly associated with macrophage activation syndrome, critical illness and mortality (p<0.05). There was a significant association of elevated amylase levels with macrophage activation syndrome and mortality (p<0.05). High gamma glutamyl transferase levels were significantly associated with macrophage activation syndrome, critical illness and mortality (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Gastrointestinal feature anorexia and elevated levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, gamma glutamyl transferase and amylase were found to be associated with poor prognosis in coronavirus disease-2019 patients.
Key Words: COVID-19, GI uptake characteristics, C-reactive protein, Ferritin, Macrophage activation syndrome, Liver function tests.
Evaluation of micro-environment and microbiologi- cal monitoring of various bedding materials for laboratory rodents
Authors: Babu P Anand , Prasad P Hari , G Venkateswaran , S  P Muthukumar 
Published: January 2025

In biomedical research, the use of laboratory animals is very vital and a critical part of effort to prevent, cure and treat a vast range of ailments. Globally around 50-100 million laboratory animals are used annually for experimentation. Rat, mouse, Guinea pig and rabbit are the most commonly used laboratory animals and among these, laboratory mouse is an important species. Variety of environmental factors can affect the outcomes of studies using laboratory rodents. One such factor is bedding. Physiological changes may occur after exposure to some types of bedding and could affect experimental results. Some bedding materials generate dust and particulates that might cause respiratory or ocular changes. Several new bedding materials have been introduced for laboratory rodents in the recent past, but there are only a few evaluation reports about their performance. In this study, we have compared the performance of different bedding materials like saw dust, paddy husk, corncob and paper shredding. We measured the micro-environment parameters like ammonia, sulfate, temperature, biomass changes, pH, moisture content, microbial load viz., total plate count, yeast and mold count, when housed on various types of bedding materials. We observed that the bedding materials have no significant effect on cage temperature, humidity and pH. The ammonia level in cages using corncob bedding (242 ± 3.65 mg/100g) was less when compared to all other beddings (Saw dust, 454 ± 2.4 mg/100g) and so prolong the interval between cage changing. The microbial monitoring also revealed less microbial load when corncob was used as bedding material. Hence, the present study suggests that corncob is more suitable as bedding material for housing laboratory mice.
Study of the timing of Caesarean section and progesterone administration for routine microbiological decontamination of mice
Authors: Niimi Kimie , Ito Namiko , Nishioka Chieko , Arasaki Tomoko , Watanabe Kaori , Tsuji Akiko , Arai Takashi , Takahashi Eiki 
Published: January 2025

Caesarean section (C-section) is conducted to decontaminate mice from microorganisms in our facility. In the present study, pregnant mice (C57BL/6J) were administered progesterone on gestational days (GD) 17 and 18 and were C-sectioned on GD 19 (normal schedule), 20 (1 day later than usual), or 21 (2 days later than usual). The fetal survival rates on GD 19 and 20 were similar, whereas on GD 21, it was quite low. In another set of study, pregnant mice (C57BL/6J) were administered progesterone on GD 17 and 18 (normal schedule), 16 and 17 (1 day earlier than usual), or 15 and 16 (2 days earlier than usual). The progesterone administration on GD 16 and 17 were as effective as the normal schedule in maintaining pregnancy until GD 19, whereas administering progesterone on GD 15 and 16 did not maintain pregnancy until GD 19. Administration of single shot of progesterone to pregnant (C57BL/6J) mice on GD 15, 16, 17, or 18 resulted in effective maintenance of pregnancy until GD 19 only in GD 18 group. These findings will allow us to better manage work schedules.
Hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of Asteracantha longifolia in rats
Authors: Tripathi Indu , N B Shridhar , K Jayakumar , K Sathyanarayana , M L Sathyanarayana , Tikare Vinay , G S Murthy 
Published: January 2025

The study was conducted to assess the hepatoprotective activity of Asteracantha longifolia in carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of whole plant of Asteracantha longifolia was studied by monitoring serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and histopathological alterations. Pre-treatment with methanol extract of Asteracantha longifolia in rats treated with CCl4 showed a significant inhibition (P<0.001) of rise in serum ALT and AST at all the doses tested (600, 900 or 1200 mg/kg). Histopathological studies provided the added evidence for biochemical analysis. Histopathological studies showed total recovery of liver damage caused by CCl4 on treatment with silymarin as well as Asteracantha and such treated groups showed very less hepatic damage with few areas of fatty changes. These studies revealed that the methanol extract of Asteracantha longifolia has potent hepatoprotective activity. It showed even better efficiency than the well known hepato protective agent silymarin in reducing the ALT and AST concentrations in CCl4 treated rats
Sub-chronic administartion of Jojoba oil meal (simmondisa chinensis) induce thyrotoxicity in rabbits
Authors: L Kiran , V Nagabhushana , Nadoor Prakash , Jadhav NV , C B Madhavaprasad , Pawar Ashok , V B Shettar 
Published: January 2025

Investigations were carried out to study the effect of supplementation of jojoba meal (Simmondisa chinensis) on biochemical, haematological and thyroid hormone profile in broiler rabbits. A total of fourty New Zealand white rabbits (4 week old) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatment groups, comprising ten rabbits in each group. The control group (T0) was fed with complete feed with no jojoba oil meal and test groups were fed complete feed with 5, 15 and 25 per cent jojoba oil meal in T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively. Hematology and serum biochemical profile indicated reduction in haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and total erythrocyte count (TEC) in T2 and T3 groups compared to T0 and T1groups on 30th day of study, while serum calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol and total protein were not affected. It was observed that serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) levels in jojoba meal treated rabbits were declined in dose-dependent manner due to thyrotoxicity. Toxicopathological lesions include infiltration of inflammatory cells (T1) or inter-follicular thyroiditis in rabbits fed jojoba meal @ either 15 (T2) or 25 % (T3).
Analysis of the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of the extracts of Phyllanthus amarus & Phyllanthus fraternus
Authors: Chopade Atul R , F J Sayyad 
Published: January 2025

A great number of preclinical and clinical studies have not only confirmed but have also extended the medicinal uses of species of the genus Phyllanthus mentioned in traditional medicine. We have examined some of the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of the extracts of Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus fraternus against formalin induced nociception in mice. In addition, we also investigated the action of both the species against capsaicin-mediated pain. 20 μl of 2.5% formalin (0.92% formaldehyde), made up in phosphate-buffer solution, was injected intraplantarly in the right hindpaw. Animals were pre-treated with the extracts of Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus fraternus and
with specific receptor antagonists for evaluating the mechanisms of analgesic activity. 20 μl of capsaicin (1.6 μg/paw) was injected intraplantarly in the right hind paw. Animals were treated with the extracts of P. amarus and P. fraternus intraperitoneally (1-30 mg/kg) 30 min before, or orally (25-200 mg/kg) 60 min before capsaicin injection. Both the adrenergic receptor antagonists prazosin and yohimbine (0.15 mg/kg, i.p.) had no effect on the antinociceptive action caused by extracts of P. amarus (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and P. fraternus (30 mg/kg, i.p.). Treatment of animals with L-arginine (600 mg/kg) had no significant effect against the analgesic properties of P. amarus and P. fraternus. The extracts of Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus fraternus given either intraperitoneally or orally caused marked and dose-related inhibition of capsaicin-induced pain. The current study suggest that their antinociceptive action is unrelated to central depressor action, interaction with α-adrenergic receptor or interaction with L-arginine nitric oxide pathway.
Pathological changes in the mammary gland of rabbits following intra-mammary inoculation of Mycoplasma agalactiae
Authors: S Uma , H D Narayanaswamy , M L Sathyanarayana , M R Gajendragad , Ramachandra S G , N Krishnaveni 
Published: January 2025

Contagious agalactia is a disease predominantly of milking sheep and goats caused mainly by Mycoplasma agalactiae, clinically manifested as mastitis, arthritis, keratoconjunctivitis and pneumonia. Pathological changes in the mammary gland of rabbits following intra-mammary inoculation of M. agalactiae were studied. Clinical mastitis developed within 24 hpi. It was initially acute but became chronic by the end of the experiment at 9 dpi. The disease was characterized by atrophy of the infected mammary glands, resulting in marked agalactia. Histopathology revealed that the mastitis was acute and purulent initially, followed by infiltration of mononuclear cells with fibroplasia in the interacinar tissue, and later by massive fibrosis by 9 dpi.
Effect of different bedding materials on the performance of rats
Authors: Balaji K H , Y B Rajeshwari , Basavaraj  , M P Vivek 
Published: January 2025

Bedding and nesting material provided in cages for laboratory rats has important consequences on welfare, directly through the comfort and utility in behaviour such as nest building, and indirectly through properties such as air quality. A study was conducted at Small Animal House, Veterinary College, Bangalore to find out effect of different bedding materials on the reproductive performance of laboratory rats. Thirty Wistar female rats were divided into three groups and subjected to the different bedding material used – paddy husk (PH), corncob (CC) and wood shavings (WS). Litter size and litter weight were recorded at birth and at weaning (day 21). Bedding material significantly (P<0.05) influenced litter size at birth, where it was significantly higher in WS (8.06±0.31) and PH (8.03±0.31) than in CC (6.8±0.3). Litter weight was higher in WS at all times, though not significantly (P>0.05) different from the other groups. The results indicate that wood shavings and corncob may be suitably used as alternative to other bedding materials for laboratory rats.
Anti-osteoarthritic activity of Acacia nilotica pods in Wistar rats
Authors: J Anjaria , Sawant. M Ghag , Shah N , Khan T , Kaur G , Goyal R , Chowdhary A 
Published: January 2025

Osteoarthritis is one of the common joint degenerative disorders for which only symptomatic treatment is available. In the present study we have investigated anti arthritic activity of the Methanolic extracts of the pods of Acacia nilotica in papain induced osteoarthritis model which mimics the human arthritis. Osteoarthritis was induced in rats by intra articular injection of 0.8mg of papain and 0.03M of cysteine on day 0, 4 and 7. Methanol extract of A.nilotica pods was administered to the animals in the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 15 days after the injection of papain and cysteine. Celecoxib (30 mg/kg) was used as the reference standard drug. The joint activity was assessed by wire hang test and measurement of the knee joint diameter. At the end of 15 days blood samples were collected for the analysis of TNFα, and IL-10 gene expression by Real Time PCR. The animals were sacrificed and the knee of the each animal was collected for the histological studies of the joint.Injection of papain with cysteine produced a significant increase in joint diameter and reduction in joint strength as depicted by decrease in wire hanging time. The Methanolic extract of A.nilotica pods produced time and dose dependent decrease in swelling of the knee joint along with significant increase in joint strength. There was a significant elevation of TNF-α as well as IL-10 gene expression in the rats treated with 400 mg/kg of test extract. Celecoxib or lower doses of A. nilotica produced slight increase in these levels. Histopathological studies revealed that the reversal of damages in the cartilage induced by papain and cysteine after administration of the extract.
Refined method of blood collection in chickens using tonic immobility
Authors: Shriharsh R Bijargi , S Ramesh , Vemu Bhaskar 
Published: January 2025

The domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a popular commercial species and is much studied for meat and egg production. Frequent studies on genetics, immunology, diagnostics and therapeutics are conducted in this species. For all these studies frequent blood collection is required. In the present study, blood collection technique in domestic fowl was standardized, wherein a single individual researcher can restrain the bird using the weak hand in the state of tonic immobility and carry out blood collection using the dominant hand, thus precluding the need for additional manpower which enhances the efficiency of collection especially for studies involving large number of birds without exposing them to much stress and discomfort. This fulfils one of the important objectives of refining experimentation by reducing stress on the birds.