bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On saturation and related parameters following Guth's ATD colour‐vision model
Authors: Capilla P. , Luque M. J. , Gómez J. , Palomares A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this work, we have examined the influence of different parameters both on perceived saturation and saturation discrimination with unrelated colours, on the basis of S. L. Guth's CA90 colour‐vision model and its subsequent modifications. Our analysis of perceived saturation covered (1) spectral saturation functions at constant luminance, (2) saturation functions in constant colorimetric purity loci, (3) saturation vs. colorimetric purity functions, (4) saturation vs. luminance functions in the 1–1000 td range, and, finally, (5) the equal saturation loci in the xy color diagram. Regarding saturation discrimination, we focused on (1) saturation thresholds from white and from the locus, (2) the number of just noticeable steps from white to the spectral locus as a function of dominant wavelength, and (3) the colorimetric purity incremental threshold vs. colorimetric purity at constant dominant wavelength. Hunt's 1991 colour‐appearance model and the colour‐discrimination model by Yeh et al. (1993) were used for comparison purposes. The behavior predicted by Guth's and Hunt's models is qualitatively very similar in many issues, but they especially disagree on the dependence of saturation on luminance. For the discrimination task, Guth's model predicts spectral discrimination functions comparable with those predicted by Yeh et al., both from white and from the locus. Nevertheless, the models disagree on intermediate colorimetric purities for most wavelengths. The model is basically consistent with the experimental data except for the luminance dependence. On the other hand, the literature on discrimination is insufficient to determine which model is right. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 305–321, 2001
Evaluation of CIELAB‐based colour‐difference formulae using a new dataset
Authors: Kim Dong‐Ho , Cho Eun Kyoung , Kim Jae Pil 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA new medium‐to‐large colour‐difference data set (mean ΔE* = 8.25) using textile samples and a gray‐scale method has been produced with the aim of comparing currently available datasets, putting particular emphasis on the characteristics of lightness and hue dependencies of major advanced CIELAB‐based colour‐difference formulae. The levels of errors in instrumental colour measurements and in visual assessments were similar to those of previous workers. The random and large scattering nature of the trend of unit lightness tolerances with lightness (L*) has made it difficult to apply a nonlinear lightness weighting calculation, e.g., that of CMC(ℓ:c). The chroma position corrected hue tolerances have shown a weak trend with hue‐angle (hab) and it can be incorporated in the existing modified CIELAB formula, e.g., CIE94, to improve its performance. Among the six formulae (CIELAB, CMC, CIE94, LCD, BFD‐II, and DCI‐95) tested, the LCD (Leeds Colour Difference) formula that is a modified model of the CIE94 colour‐difference equation has given the best performance. More visual experimental results are still thought to be required for further development in industrial colour‐difference evaluation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 369–375, 2001
Brief cognitive analytic therapy for post‐acute manic psychosis on a psychiatric intensive care unit
Authors: Kerr Ian B. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractA study of the efficacy of brief cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) with a series of patients (n = 4) with treatment‐resistant manic psychosis on a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) was carried out. In one patient such an intervention proved redundant given an improved medication regime and subsequent willingness to comply with treatment. In a second, it proved impossible, in this context at least, due to fixed grandiose and paranoid delusions. In two others, however, this approach, particularly the technique of joint ‘reformulation’, appeared to be remarkably containing and effective with rapid subsidence of disturbed and non‐compliant behaviour. Much of the ‘psychotic’ psychopathology of these patients became comprehensible within this model in terms of secondary, ‘self‐state’ or narcissistic damage and enactment of maladaptive ‘procedures’ and ‘reciprocal roles’. Additionally, discussion of these procedures and the reciprocal roles elicited from and enacted by staff produced a marked change in attitude and behaviour by them. In one of these patients, improvement was such that transfer to an open ward was possible within a week and discharge soon after. Subsequent treatment was markedly more collaborative and enabling of good social function. It appears that CAT and its collaborative use of the ‘tools’ of reformulation could play an important role in the treatment of psychotic disorders in this and possibly other settings. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implementing HoNOS: An eight stage approach
Authors: Milne Derek , Reichelt Katharina , Wood Edith 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) were developed as a brief way to quantify progress towards the national target of improving significantly the health and social functioning of mentally ill people (Wing et al., 1998). As an instrument, HoNOS was regarded as adequate for this purpose and so field testing was deemed to be the next task. However, the implementation of an outcome measure such as HoNOS under routine service conditions represents a significant implementation challenge. Therefore, we conducted an eight stage approach to implementation, with a sample of multi‐disciplinary care managers from one county in the UK (N = 30). The results of shadowing and initial interviews indicated that significant barriers to implementation were insufficient staff and the high level of routine demands on staff for the completion of paperwork. These barriers outweighed the perceived boosters, including the favourable responses of colleagues and the benefits of data feedback from HoNOS. More staff, standardized training in the use of HoNOS, regular feedback and less paperwork were amongst ten suggestions for facilitating implementation. During a pilot period, staff received training, used HoNOS and were given graphical feedback of the HoNOS results. They were then re‐interviewed, at which time they reported becoming fairly positive about the use of HoNOS and definitely valued the implementation approach. However, it is concluded that the routine use of HoNOS will require continued effort from staff and their managers (e.g. refresher training courses) and alternative or additional outcome measures may be necessary to provide useful clinical information. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A grounded theory analysis of the therapeutic relationship with clients sexually abused as children and non‐abused clients
Authors: Middle Claire , Kennerley Helen 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate whether clients with a history of child sexual abuse (CSA) and non‐abused clients differ in their views of the therapeutic relationship. Two groups of 17 clients receiving psychological therapy, those who reported a history of CSA and a matched group who had not reported abuse, were asked in a semi‐structured interview about what was important to the therapeutic alliance. The accounts of the two groups were analysed using grounded theory, and then compared. The qualitative analysis demonstrated that both groups identified many similar important issues. These included factors relating to the therapist, to therapy itself, and to the client's perception of the relationship. Women in the CSA group emphasized the interpersonal qualities of the therapist and how they felt about their relationship, while the other clients talked more about therapeutic techniques and progress in therapy. Important issues mentioned exclusively by the CSA group included the therapist's commitment, being believed, and the therapist not showing negative reactions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The personal nature of depression: Assessing the operation of self‐schema in depression
Authors: Laidlaw Ken , Davidson Kate M. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe operation of the self‐schema in depression is investigated using a mainstream measure of personality (NEO PI‐R) that depressed participants complete on two separate occasions. On the first occasion depressed participants provide a view of themselves when depressed (depressed view of self: DVS). On the second occasion depressed participants are asked to disregard their symptoms and provide a view of themselves prior to the onset of depression (imagined pre‐morbid view of self: IPVS). Results indicate depressed participants provide premorbid descriptions of themselves that are significantly different from their present (depressed) self‐view. The two views of self (DVS versus IPVS) are compared to peer descriptions provided by significant others (appraisers). Whereas the depressed views of self are congruent with appraisals provided by significant others, the imagined premorbid views of self are not. Results are discussed in line with cognitive theories of state‐trait vulnerability and mood‐state dependence. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are perceptions of parenting and interpersonal functioning related in those with personality disorder? Evidence from patients detained in a high secure setting
Authors: McCartney Mark , Duggan Conor , Collins Mick , Larkin Emmet P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe explored the widely‐held assumption that dysfunctional interpersonal behaviour, a key characteristic of personality disorder, is associated with adverse experiences in childhood in a sample of patients detained in high secure care. We obtained Parental Bonding Inventory (PBI) and Chart of Interpersonal Relations in Closed Living Environment (CIRCLE) data from 79 patients detained at a high secure hospital. This comprised 48 with the legal classification (1983 Mental Health Act) of Psychopathic Disorder (PD) and 31 with the legal classification of Mental Illness (MI). On the PBI, the PD group had significantly lower care scores and increased protection scores compared with the MI group; the latter reported care and protection scores similar to those from published norms. The CIRCLE scores also demonstrated significantly different interpersonal functioning between the PD and MI groups, with each group typically plotted in opposing halves of the interpersonal circle (IPC). Although the PDs showed abnormalities in both the PBI and CIRCLE in the expected direction, there were no clear associations between aspects of abnormal parenting and adult dysfunctional interpersonal behaviour within this group. This finding did not confirm our hypothesis and we discuss possible explanations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spontaneous apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its relationship to clinical and cell kinetic parameters
Authors: Oliveira Gislaine B. , Pereira Fernanda G. , Metze Konradin , Lorand‐Metze Irene 
Published: September 2002

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) presents considerable variability in clinical presentation as well as in its evolution. In contrast to the inhibition of apoptosis in vivo, spontaneous apoptosis after short‐term culture occurs. We studied the degree of this apoptosis in vitro, and its interactions with several clinical and laboratory parameters. Apoptosis was measured by the annexin V technique. Proliferation rate was evaluated by the AgNOR (nucleolar organizer regions) technique. There were inverse correlations between the percentage of annexin V‐positive cells and peripheral lymphocyte count (r = ‐ 0.49), Rai stage (r = ‐ 0.40), Binet stage (r = ‐ 0.50), TTM (total tumor mass score; r = ‐ 0.51), and percentage of cells with one AgNOR cluster (r = ‐ 0.45). Direct correlations were found with hemoglobin values ( r = 0.34) and platelet counts (r = 0.52). The number of CD8‐positive cells showed a correlation with peripheral lymphocyte count (r = 0.49). When this variable was held constant, a correlation was detected between CD8‐positive cells and staging (r = ‐0.47), TTM (r = ‐ 0.42), and platelet count (r = 0.67). CD4‐positive lymphocytes presented a correlation only with CD8‐positive lymphocytes. In a cluster analysis, it was possible to create three groups of patients with different apoptosis rates using the TTM and AgNOR values. We conclude that, with the progression of the disease, together with the increase of tumor mass and proliferation rate, there is a decrease in the suceptibility to apoptosis. Cytometry (Comm. Clin. Cytometry) 46:329–335, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of forward‐link performance in cellular DS‐CDMA with Rayleigh fading and power control
Authors: Oh S. W. , Li K. H. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper, the exact probability density function (PDF) for mobile distance from its own base station is derived for computing the forward‐link performance of a Rayleigh‐faded direct‐sequence code‐division multiple‐access (DS‐CDMA) cellular system with power control. Comparison with the commonly used ‘circular‐cell approximation’ shows that the approximation gives more than 42 per cent of error in the calculation of the variance of the mobile distance for a typical power control exponent of 4. Results also show that the previous approximation could under‐estimate the forward‐link capacity by more than 30 per cent. Additionally, this newly derived PDF can also be used for arbitrary regular cell shapes by substituting their respective parameters. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Full‐duplex analogue/digital data transmission using lasers coupled to GI fibre and its application
Authors: Kamiya Masayoshi , Ikeda Hiroaki , Shinohara Shigenobu 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper describes a low‐cost version of a full‐duplex optical fibre analogue/digital data transmission link whose practical implementation is simplified by using a pair of laser diodes, each having a built‐in photodiode for monitoring the laser output power, and its application to vibration test data transmission. The transmission link sends digital data of up to 9600 bps in one direction, and analogue data of DC to 100 kHz and image data specified by an NTSC colour video signal in the opposite direction, all at the same time through one GI optical fibre. Being simple in configuration and stable against noise, this type of link has a variety of applications within factory, home and offices. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An efficient traffic control scheme for store‐and‐forward video‐on‐demand services
Authors: Yuan Xue‐Ming , Hu Bo , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAccording to the MPEG‐1/2 standard, full motion video can be compressed and stored in an information warehouse. Multiplexing with normal voice calls, it is retrieved and delivered to the customer's local BISDN central office via 155 Mb/s trunks. These voice calls have higher priority than video‐on‐demand (VOD) so that normal voice services will not be influenced by VOD transmission. The number of voice calls always fluctuates in real‐time. Thus, an efficient traffic control scheme is highly desired to guarantee a given level of performance and achieve as great as possible use of available bandwidth. Based on the fact that the number of real‐time voice calls is variable, and the use of available capacity is less than 100 per cent, this paper will present an efficient traffic control scheme for store‐and‐forward VOD services, and demonstrate the scheme by various simulation results. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new approach to BER estimation for ISI corrupted baseband transmission systems
Authors: Krehlik Przemyslaw , Śliwczyński Łukasz 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper derives two new formulae for BER estimation when the transmission system is subject to both intersymbol interference and additive Gaussian noise. The approach undertaken here was oriented to find a simple formula giving close estimation of the true BER, which may be useful for the transmission system designer for rapid evaluation of system performance. The obtained results are compared with commonly used BER estimations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive random access algorithm with improved delay performance
Authors: Ayyıldız Devrim Emrah , Deliç Hakan 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe propose an adaptive random access algorithm for mobile environments with capture. The algorithm has a dynamic window size which is updated according to the traffic intensity. The packet arrival rate is tracked by employing sequential detection procedures. Simulations indicate that reducing the window size adaptively under heavy load conditions improves the average delay significantly. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytodiagnosis of nipple discharge: A study of 602 samples from 484 cases
Authors: Das Dilip K. , Al‐Ayadhy Bushra , Ajrawi M. Tareq G. , Shaheen Azza A. , Sheikh Zaffar A. , Malik Mrinmay , Pathan Shahed K. , Ebrahim Bahiyah , Francis Issam M. , Satar Sitara A. , Abdulla Mohamed A. , Luthra Usha K. , Junaid Thamradeen A. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractTo find out the gross and microscopic differentiating features between nipple discharges (ND) due to various breast lesions, smears of 602 ND samples from 484 cases were reviewed by one of the investigators (D.K.D.). The reviewed cytodiagnoses were as follows: benign nipple discharge (59.1%), inflammatory ND (6.5%), ?papillary lesions (2.5%), papillary lesions (20.6%), papillary lesions with atypia (3.8%), duct cells with atypia (0.2%), suspicious for malignancy (0.5%), malignant ND (1.2%), and inadequate (5.6%). Following review, samples with epithelial abnormalities (?papillary lesion, papillary lesion with and without atypia, duct cells with atypia, suspicious for malignancy, and malignancy) increased from 16.6% to 30.4% of adequate samples (P < 0.0001). 37.9% unilateral ND samples showed epithelial abnormalities, as opposed to 18.9% of bilateral ND samples (P < 0.0001). Bloodstained ND showed epithelial abnormalities in 41.5% samples, as compared to 22.1% of ND with other specified gross characteristics (P<0.0001). The samples with epithelial abnormalities differed significantly from benign and inflammatory ND in respect of frequency of benign duct cells, duct cells with atypia, papillary clusters with or without atypia, malignant cells, columnar cells, red blood cells, inflammatory cells, and background lipid vacuoles (P < 0.01 to < 0.0001). The ND samples with suspicious and malignant cytology, besides the presence of malignant cells (P < 0.0001), differed significantly from rest of the lesions in respect of foam cells (P < 0.0001), red blood cells (P<0.01), and inflammatory cells (P < 0.05). When compared with histopathological diagnosis in 20 cases, the benign or malignant nature of the lesion was correctly identified in ND in 80% cases. The ND cytologies in 7 histologically proved malignant cases were malignancy (3 cases), suspicious for malignancy (1 case), papillary lesion with atypia (1 case), papillary lesion (1 case), and benign ND (1 case). Diagn. Cytopathol. 25:25–37, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Release and effects of ATP and its derivatives at cholinergic synapses
Authors: Silinsky Eugene M. , Searl Timothy J. , Redman Renee S. , Hirsh Jody K. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractATP is released from many central and peripheral terminals in a rapid, synchronous manner. It can act both as a neurotransmitter substance and as a neuromodulator in conjunction with a primary neurotransmitter. We begin this perspective by reviewing the evidence for the quantal release of ATP together with acetylcholine (ACh) from motor nerve endings. Next, we discuss the inhibitory effects of adenosine derivatives on presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes at cholinergic synapses. With regard to the presynaptic effects of adenosine, after hydrolysis to adenosine ATP is the mediator of skeletal neuromuscular depression at low frequencies of stimulation. The evidence confirming the suggestion that this inhibitory effect of adenosine at motor nerve endings is mediated downstream of calcium entry is presented. Finally, the data showing the mutually occlusive effects of ATP and ACh at cholinoceptive neurons are summarized and discussed. Drug Dev. Res. 52:22–33, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectonucleotidases and synaptic plasticity: Implications in physiological and pathological conditions
Authors: Bonan Carla Denise , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Battastini Ana Maria Oliveira , Sarkis João José Freitas 
Published: September 2002

AbstractSeveral studies have suggested a role of extracellular ATP in synaptic plasticity. The signaling actions induced by extracellular ATP are directly correlated to the activity of a group of ectonucleotidases, which includes an ecto‐ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3), an ATP diphosphohydrolase (apyrase, EC 3.6.1.5), and a 5′‐nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5). These ectoenzymes trigger enzymatic conversion of ATP to adenosine, an important neuromodulator. Our studies have shown that ectonucleotidase activities are modulated in physiological and pathological situations able to induce synaptic plasticity, such as memory, epilepsy, and ischemia. Synaptosomal ectonucleotidase activities from hippocampus and entorhinal cortex were inhibited after the training session in a step‐down inhibitory avoidance task in rats. Considering that adenosine has anticonvulsant effects, ectonucleotidase activities were determined after the induction of epilepsy by several animal models, such as pilocarpine, kainic acid, and kindling models. ATP diphosphohydrolase and 5′‐nucleotidase activities from synaptosomes of hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats significantly and differently increased after induction of status epilepticus by pilocarpine, kainic acid, or kindling models. Furthermore, significant changes have been observed in ATP diphosphohydrolase and 5′‐nucleotidase after ischemia and reperfusion in hippocampal synaptosomes of rats. The demonstration that ectonucleotidases presented the activities altered after a memory task, or the induction of animal models of epilepsy or ischemia‐reperfusion, suggests that these enzymes can act in the regulation of synaptic activity, controlling ATP and adenosine levels, depending on the synaptic plasticity developed, in physiological or pathological conditions. Drug Dev. Res. 52:57–65, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebellar astrocytes coexpress different purinoceptors: Cross‐talk between several transduction mechanisms
Authors: Delicado Esmerilda G. , Jiménez Ana I. , Castro Enrique , Miras‐Portugal Ma Teresa 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe characterized the purinergic receptors present in individual type‐1 astrocytes from rat cerebellum by using single cell microfluorimetry with fura‐2. We found that individual astrocytes coexpressed several P2Y purinoceptors coupled to phospholipase C activation through different G proteins. P2Y1 and P2Y2 or P2Y4 purinoceptors were responsible for the ATP, 2MeSATP, and UTP calcium responses observed in all tested cell. A subpopulation of astrocytes also coexpressed a specific pyrimidine receptor, which was responsible for UDP calcium responses recorded only from a subpopulation of astrocytes. Type‐1 astrocytes also present A2B adenosine receptors positively coupled to adenylate cyclase. There was a positive interaction between A2B adenosine receptors and P2Y1 or P2Y2 or P2Y4 purinoceptors expressed in the same astrocyte. We also found that the stimulation of astrocytes with nanomolar concentrations of Ap5A produced the activation of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK), which could be responsible for the potentiation of ATP calcium responses elicited by the dinucleotide. Drug Dev. Res. 52:114–121, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.