bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracheobronchial stents: an expanding prospect
Authors: Lilburn Paul , Williamson Jonathan P. , Phillips Martin , Tillekeratne Nikela , Ing Alvin , Glanville Allan , Saghaie Tajalli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe first dedicated tracheobronchial silicone stent was designed by the French pulmonologist Jean‐Paul Dumon. The most common indications for stenting are to minimise extrinsic airway compression from mass effect, maintain airway patency due to intrinsic obstruction or treat significant nonmalignant airway narrowing or fistulae. Silicone stents require rigid bronchoscopy for insertion; however, they are more readily repositioned and removed compared with metallic stents. Metallic stents demonstrate luminal narrowing when loads are applied to their ends, therefore stents should either be reinforced at the ends or exceed the area of stenosis by a minimum of 5 mm. Nitinol, a nickel‐titanium metal alloy, is currently the preferred material used for airway stents. Airway stenting provides effective palliation for patients with severe symptomatic obstruction. Drug‐eluting and three‐dimensional printing of airway stents present promising solutions to the challenges of the physical and anatomical constraints of the tracheobronchial tree. Biodegradable stents could also be a solution for the treatment of nonmalignant airway obstruction.
Inflammatory plasma signature of chronic hand eczema: Associations with aetiological and clinical subtypes
Authors: Quaade Anna Sophie , Wang Xing , Sølberg Julie B. K. , McCauley Benjamin D. , Thyssen Jacob P. , Becker Christine , Johansen Jeanne Duus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic hand eczema (CHE) is a highly prevalent, heterogeneous, skin disease that encompasses different aetiological and clinical subtypes. Severe CHE without atopic dermatitis has been associated with systemic inflammation; yet it remains unknown if specific CHE subtypes leave distinct, systemic, molecular signatures.ObjectivesTo characterize the inflammatory plasma signature of different aetiological and clinical CHE subtypes.MethodsWe assessed expression levels of 266 inflammatory and cardiovascular disease risk plasma proteins as well as filaggrin gene mutation status in 51 well‐characterized CHE patients without concomitant atopic dermatitis and 40 healthy controls. Plasma protein expression was compared between aetiological and clinical CHE subgroups and controls both overall and according to clinical CHE severity. Correlation analyses for biomarkers, clinical and self‐reported variables were performed.ResultsVery severe, chronic allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) on the hands was associated with a mixed Type 1/Type 2 systemic immune activation as compared with controls. Circulating levels of Type 1/Type 2 inflammatory biomarkers correlated positively with clinical disease severity among CHE patients with ACD. No biomarkers were found, that could discriminate between aetiological subtypes, for example, between ACD and irritant contact dermatitis. Hyperkeratotic CHE showed a distinct, non‐atopic dermatitis‐like, systemic footprint with upregulation of markers associated with Type 1 inflammation and tumour necrosis factor alpha, but not Type 2 inflammation. Increased levels of CCL19 and CXCL9/10 could discriminate hyperkeratotic CHE from both vesicular and chronic fissured CHE, whereas no difference was found between the latter two subtypes.ConclusionProfiling of systemic biomarkers showed potential for identifying certain CHE subtypes. Peripheral blood levels of inflammatory biomarkers were associated and correlated with the clinical disease severity of chronic ACD on the hands, underlining that this is a systemic disease. We question whether hyperkeratotic CHE should be classified as eczema.
Study of the frequencies of erythrocyte abnormalities as in situ biomarkers of genotoxic risk of chemicals in special fish stock in water supply reservoirs
Authors: Řehulka Jiří , Bradík Jaroslav 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn three water‐supply reservoirs in the catchment area of the Odra River (Czech Republic), a special fish stock was monitored for control of health to estimate the mutagenic effect of chemicals. The results contribute to obtaining initial information about the morphology of erythrocyte abnormalities classified in 21 categories in 16 fish species in reservoirs with abundant salmonids (the Morávka Reservoir) or with the prevalence of cyprinids (the Kružberk and Šance Reservoirs), not directly exposed to the adverse environmental effects such as industrial, urban, agricultural and intensive farming activities. The different intensities and prevalence of nuclear abnormalities (NA) and cytoplasmic abnormalities (CA) in fish from the same reservoir habitat show that to be able to obtain an objective view of the genotoxic risk of chemicals, it is necessary to respect the different requirements of the fish for the exploitation of the food available in the biotope and to subject all representatives of piscivorous, omnivorous and benthophagous fishes in the reservoir to cytogenetic analysis. The occurrence of certain categories of erythrocyte abnormalities in diseased fish draws attention to the need to know the state of health of the fish and to employ this knowledge to exclude parasitological, viral and other infectious agents. These results are the first report of the frequencies of erythrocyte abnormalities in native fish. They should serve to check which of the categories examined could be of use in assessing the genotoxic risk in other stagnant and running aquatic ecosystems affected by anthropogenic activities.
Monitoring flood and drought risks in arid and semi‐arid regions using remote sensing data and standardized precipitation index: A case study of Syria
Authors: Abd‐Elhamid Hany F. , Zeleňáková Martina , Soľáková Tatiana , Saleh O. K. , El‐Dakak Amr M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFlood and drought are natural phenomena whose probability of occurrence increases with changing weather conditions. Climate change has affected the hydrologic cycle's parameters and led to changes in temperature and precipitation pattern, which may increase the probability of occurrence of floods and droughts. Arid and semi‐arid areas are subject to extreme weather conditions and water resources scarcity. This study aims to assess drought and flood in Syria using remote sensing data. Monthly precipitation data have been collected from 10 land stations in the western part of Syria for the period (1991–2009) and satellite images for monthly precipitation from 1983 to 2020 were collected. The land stations data were used to correct the satellite images and correction equation was developed for each station. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is used for analysis of drought and flood. Also, the main parameters for drought and flood, severity, intensity, duration, and the average return time were estimated. The results showed extreme flood events were recorded in 1988, 2002, 2012, and 2019 and extreme drought events were recorded in 1990, 2014, and 2016. The highest severity of drought and flood were recorded in 2014 and 1988 respectively. However, the highest intensity of droughts and floods was recorded in 2016 and 1988, respectively. If land station data are unavailable, as in the case of Syria owing to the protracted war, satellite images may be a useful source of data for drought and flood analysis after correction. This methodology can help in drought/flood analysis and estimate severity, intensity, duration, and the average return time of flood and drought in other locations of the world. The results proved that SPI is a useful tool to predict the time of occurrence of both flood and drought that could help decision‐makers for putting efficient plans for flood and drought risk management that could mitigate the impacts of such risks.
Effect of dexamethasone on antibody response of horses to vaccination with a combined equine influenza virus and equine herpesvirus‐1 vaccine
Authors: Kreutzfeldt Nicole , Chambers Thomas M. , Reedy Stephanie , Spann Kennedy Michelle , Pusterla Nicola 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundDexamethasone is routinely administered to horses but its effect on the antibody response to a commercial EIV/EHV vaccine is unclear.HypothesisHorses receiving dexamethasone will have lower postvaccination antibody levels against EIV and EHV‐1 than vaccinated controls.AnimalsFifty‐five healthy adult research horses.MethodsRandomized cohort study. Control (no vaccine, group 1), vaccination only (EIV/EHV‐1/EHV‐4, Prestige 2, Merck Animal Health, group 2), vaccination and concurrent single intravenous dose of dexamethasone (approximately .05 mg/kg, group 3), vaccination and 3 intravenous doses of dexamethasone at 24 hours intervals (group 4). Serum SAA levels were measured on day 1 and day 3. Antibody levels against EIV (hemagglutination inhibition assay, Kentucky 2014 antigen) and EHV‐1 (multiplex ELISA targeting total IgG and IgG 4/7) were measured on day 1 and day 30.ResultsSignificantly increased mean antibody titers after vaccination were only noted against EIV and only after the vaccination alone (n = 14, prevaccine mean [prvm] 166.9, SD 259.6, 95% CI 16.95‐316.8; postvaccine mean [povm] 249.1, SD 257.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 100.6‐397.6, P = .02) and the single dose dexamethasone (n = 14, prvm 93.14, SD 72.2, CI 51.45‐134.8; povm 185.1, SD 118, CI 116.7‐253.6, P = .01), but not after multiple doses of dexamethasone (n = 14, prvm 194.3, SD 258.3, CI 45.16‐343.4; povm 240.0, SD 235.7, CI 103.9‐376.1, P > .05).ConclusionThe effect of dexamethasone on the postvaccine antibody response varies depending on the dosing frequency and the antigen‐specific antibody type.
Factors affecting depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Cha Hyosung , Lee Kyungmi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines factors influencing depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation during the COVID‐19 pandemic, based on an ecological model and using data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey, 2018. We selected adolescents whose suicidal ideation increased between the third and fourth years of the pandemic and who identified their parents as their guardians. Factors related to depression in adolescents were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression, while considering personal and environmental characteristics in the family and school domains. All models were significant, and Model 3 explained 26.8% of the variance. In Model 3, personal characteristics—physical activity, sleep quality on school days, and smartphone dependence—affected adolescents' depression. Parents' life satisfaction and a rejective childrearing attitude were also found to be significant factors affecting adolescents' depression, along with school life satisfaction and school type. Our findings can inform evidence‐based nursing interventions to reduce depression in adolescents with increased suicidal ideation. They can also contribute to building strategies to promote mental health in schools after the pandemic, forming healthy life habits, and laying the foundation for lifelong health.
Skin reactions to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in pediatric patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Toker Michelle , Jaller Jose A. , Delbourgo Patton Caroline , Wu Benedict 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCutaneous adverse events are commonly reported in adult patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs); however, little is known about the cutaneous reactions in children receiving TKIs for CML. As pediatric patients may require lifelong TKI therapy, it is essential to understand the wide range of potential cutaneous toxicities. We examined all case studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase that reported cutaneous reactions to first‐, second‐, and third‐generation TKIs in children 18 years or younger with CML. This review article focuses on the TKI drug types and doses, patient demographic characteristics, features of skin reactions, and clinical outcomes.
Fear of falling and associated factors in older adults with heart failure
Authors: Unes Mevlut , Tasar Pinar Tosun , Karasahin Omer , Birdal Oguzhan , Sevinc Can , Sahin Sevnaz 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of fear of falling and associated factors in older adults with heart failure.MethodsA prospective, cross‐sectional study. The study included 100 geriatric patients who were hospitalised and treated in the cardiology department of our hospital with ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) lower than 50% for at least 1 year. A series of geriatric assessments were performed by face‐to‐face interview on the day of admission. Electrocardiography (ECG) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were also performed on the day of admission.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 72 years, and 72.0% were men. Falls Efficacy Scale scores indicated a fear of falling in 46 (46.0%) of the patients. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was significantly higher in patients with fear of falling (P < 0.001). Severe depression, severe clinical insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and malnutrition were significantly more frequent among patients with fear of falling. Fear of falling was associated with significantly lower LVEF (P = 0.001). The presence of severe depression increased the risk of fear of falling by 13.97 times (95% CI: 3.064–63.707; P = 0.001), and the presence of daytime sleepiness increased the risk by 3.49 times (95% CI: 1.012–12.037; P = 0.048). A one‐unit increase in CCI increased the risk of fear of falling by 1.56 times (95% CI: 1.093–2.238; P = 0.014).ConclusionsHeart failure patients with concomitant depression, sleep disorders, and high comorbidities have greater fear of falling.
The 1942 “Egg Expeditions” to Novaia Zemlia and the Struggle for Food in the Wartime Soviet Union
Authors: Novikova Liudmila 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn 1942 over 150 schoolchildren from the northern Soviet cities of Arkhangel'sk and Murmansk took part in dangerous expeditions to the Arctic Archipelago of Novaia Zemlia. Their aim was to collect eggs from island bird colonies and hunt seabirds in order to supply famished cities with eggs and salted birds’ carcasses. The voyages were part of the local struggle for food and a reaction to the Soviet government’s urgent call to use all available local resources to ward off large‐scale famine on the Soviet home front. This essay discusses the organization, the course, and the outcome of the expeditions, and evaluates the role of specialist knowledge, local economic tradition, and various agencies—from Soviet, party, and Komsomol organizations to Soviet economic trusts and individual actors—in bringing these expeditions to life. It argues that, rather than being a centralized campaign staged by the state, the struggle for food was largely fought on the local level, with regional institutions assuming substantial responsibility and demonstrating a significant ability to improvise in their search for food. Ultimately, the population’s efforts to survive the famine, and their association with the regime through their collective struggle for food, were important factors that strengthened Soviet resilience.
Effects of planting basins and farmyard manure addition on soil carbon and nitrogen pools under on‐farm conditions in Makueni county of Kenya
Authors: Kichamu‐Wachira Edith , Xu Zhihong , Reardon‐Smith Kathryn , Winowiecki Leigh Ann , Ayele Gebiaw , Biggs Duan , Magaju Christine , Taresh Sabah , Hosseini‐Bai Shahla , Omidvar Negar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change, land degradation and inadequate soil nutrients pose significant threats to food security and agricultural sustainability. This study aims to examine the effects of planting basins with farmyard manure on soil total carbon (C), nitrogen (N), isotopic C (δ13C) and N (δ15N) compositions within smallholder‐managed farms in Makueni County, Kenya. The study involved two management practices: planting basins with manure (PM) and conventional farming practices (FP) in 12 experimental sites. Soil samples were taken at three depths (0–10, 10–20 and 20–40 cm), with three replicates for each treatment. Significant interactions were observed between land management practices and sites as well as land management practices and soil depth on soil total C and N. At each of the 12 sites, soil total C was higher under PM (ranging from 0.44% to 1.86%, p < .05) than FP management (ranging from 0.35% to 1.37%), across all soil depths. Soil total N concentrations ranged from 0.027% to 0.100% under FP and (0.060% to 0.190%, p < .05) under PM management. Across soil depths, higher (less negative) soil δ13C values were observed under conventional farmer practice (range − 22.5‰ to −17.1‰) compared with PM management range (−24.3‰ to −18.1‰). Soil δ15N was significantly enriched under PM management (range: 7.4‰ to 12.6‰, p < .05) compared with the conventional farmer practices (range: 6.1‰ to 9.8‰, p < .05). The findings show that planting basins with farmyard manure offers both climate mitigation and adaptation benefits by increasing soil C contents and improving soil fertility. The study provides insights into the real‐world implications of these practices, emphasizing the potential of planting basins with manure in enhancing soil quality and climate resilience.
Universal nucleic acid donor screening revealed epidemiological features of hepatitis E and prevented transfusion‐transmitted infection in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Ami , Matsubayashi Keiji , Odajima Takeshi , Sakata Hidekatsu , Iida Juri , Kai Kazuhiro , Goto Naoko , Satake Masahiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMore than 45 cases of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis E virus infection (TT‐HEV) have been reported in Japan. Therefore, in 2020, universal individual donation nucleic acid amplification testing (ID‐NAT) was implemented for HEV.Study Design and MethodsWe characterized HEV NAT‐positive blood donors. The number of new HEV infections and the asymptomatic infection rate were estimated using the HEV NAT‐positive rate. HEV RNA quantitation, phylogenetic analysis, and antibody tests were performed, and the residual risk of TT‐HEV was assessed based on the lookback study results.ResultsA total of 5,075,100 blood donations were screened with ID‐NAT during the first year of implementation, among which 2804 (0.055%; males: 0.060%, females: 0.043%) were NAT‐positive with regional differences. Approximately 270,000 new HEV infection cases were estimated to occur annually in Japan, with an asymptomatic infection rate of 99.9%. The median HEV RNA concentration, excluding cases below the limit of quantification, was 205 IU/mL. Among the 1113 cases where the genotype could be determined, HEV‐3 and HEV‐4 accounted for 98.8% (1100) and 1.2% (13), respectively. The maximum duration of HEV viremia, including the pre‐ and post‐ID‐NAT window periods, was estimated to be 88.2 days. Within the 3 years since ID‐NAT implementation, no confirmed cases of breakthrough TT‐HEV were observed.DiscussionMultiple indigenous HEV strains are prevalent in Japan, infecting a significant number of individuals. However, since the implementation of ID‐NAT, TT‐HEV has been prevented due to the test's high sensitivity.
The flower ofAbelmoschus manihot(L.)medikexerts antioxidant effects by regulating theNrf2signalling pathway in scald injury
Authors: Song Ying , Fu Zailin , Zhu Xinyi , Zhang Jun , Bai Wenwen , Song Biwei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractScald is a common skin injury in daily life. It is well known that skin burns are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. In our previous study, we found thatAbelmoschus manihot (L.) medikhad excellent therapeutic effects on scald‐induced inflammation, but its effect on scald‐induced oxidative stress was not reported. In this study, a deep second‐degree scald model in mice was established, and the wound healing rate, healing time, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) levels, and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related Factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in wound tissue were measured to evaluate the scald wound healing performance ofextraction fromA. manihot (L.) medik(EAM). Scalding activity in mice was examined in vivo by hot water‐induced finger swelling. The treatment scald activities were also examined in vivo by subjecting mice to thermal water‐induced digit swelling. Additionally, the antioxidant effect ofEAMon fibroblasts was also used to determine the mechanism in vitro. The results showed thatEAMnot only decreased the wound healing time but also effectively regulated the levels of oxidising, MDA and T‐SOD in wound tissue. Concurrently,EAMsuppressed digit swelling and hyperalgesia. Furthermore,EAMhad a significant protective effect on NIH‐3T3 cells after H2O2injury by regulating the Nrf2 signalling pathway against oxidative injury. Therefore,EAMis a promising drug for the treatment of scald‐induced inflammation.
Gâteaux or Fréchet differentiable norms on duals of interpolation spaces
Authors: Daher Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLet be an interpolation couple of Banach spaces, let , and let be the corresponding real interpolation space. We consider a norm on the space , equivalent to the usual interpolation norm, and we show that if the norms of the dual spaces and are Gâteaux (resp., Fréchet) differentiable, then the dual norm on has the same property. If we only assume that one of the two duals is Gâteaux (or Fréchet) differentiable, we are able to show that there is an equivalent Gâteaux (or Fréchet) differentiable dual norm on the space .
Non-ischaemic preservation of the donor heart in heart transplantation: protocol design and rationale for a randomised, controlled, multicentre clinical trial across eight European countries
Authors: Brouckaert Janne , Dellgren Göran , Wallinder Andreas , Rega Filip 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionIschaemic cold static storage (ICSS) is the gold standard in donor heart preservation. This ischaemic time frame renders a time constraint and risk for primary graft dysfunction. Cold oxygenated heart perfusion, known as non-ischaemic heart preservation (NIHP), theoretically limits the ischaemic time, while holding on to the known advantage of hypothermia and cardioplegia, a low metabolic rate.Methods and analysisThe NIHP 2019 study is an international, randomised, controlled, open, multicentre clinical trial in 15 heart transplantation centres in 8 European countries and includes 202 patients undergoing heart transplantation, allocated 1:1 to NIHP or ICSS. Enrolment is estimated to be 30 months after study initiation. The patients are followed for 12 months after transplantation.The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of NIHP on survival, allograft function and rejection episodes within the first 30 days after transplantation. The secondary objectives are to compare treatment groups with respect to survival, allograft function, cardiac biomarkers, rejection episodes, allograft vasculopathy, adverse events and adverse device effects within 12 months.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee (EC) for Research UZ/KU Leuven, Belgium, the coordinating EC in Germany (Bei Der LMU München), the coordinating EC in the UK (West Midlands—South Birmingham Research), the EC of Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain, the EC of Göteborg, Sweden, the coordinating EC in France, the EC of Padova, Italy and the EC of the University of Vienna, Austria. This study will be conducted in accordance with current local regulations and international applicable regulatory requirements according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and ISO14155:2020. Main primary and secondary outcomes will be published on modified intention-to-treat population and per-protocol population.Trial registration numberNCT03991923.