bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An assessment of cardiovascular disease hospitalizations and disparities by race in patients with rheumatic disease hospitalizations in Alaska, 2015–2018
Authors: Ferucci Elizabeth D. , Holck Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
There is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in people with many rheumatic diseases. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular disease hospitalizations in Alaska for people with and without a rheumatic disease diagnosis and assess disparities by race, with a focus on Alaska Native and American Indian people.

Methods
This study used the Alaska Health Facilities Data Reporting Program data on inpatient hospitalizations from 2015 to 2018. We identified people with a rheumatic disease diagnosis based on any hospitalization with a set of rheumatic disease diagnoses and compared them to people hospitalized but without a rheumatic disease diagnosis. We determined the odds of cardiovascular disease hospitalization by rheumatic disease diagnosis and assessed the influence of race and other factors, using univariate analyses and multivariable models.

Results
People with a rheumatic disease diagnosis other than osteoarthritis had higher odds of cardiovascular disease hospitalization. The odds ratio was highest in people with gout compared to other rheumatic diseases. In multivariable models, there was an interaction between race and rheumatic disease status. Specifically, having gout increased the odds of cardiovascular disease hospitalization for people of all races, while having a rheumatic disease other than gout or osteoarthritis increased the odds of cardiovascular disease hospitalization in Alaska Native/American Indian people but not in people of other races.

Conclusions
The association between rheumatic disease status and cardiovascular disease hospitalization in Alaska varied by type of rheumatic disease and race. This adds substantially to the literature on associations between rheumatic disease and cardiovascular disease in Indigenous North American populations.
Acute symptomatic seizures in newborns: a narrative review
Authors: Spagnoli Carlotta , Pisani Francesco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAcute symptomatic seizures are the main sign of neurological dysfunction in newborns. This is linked to the unique characteristics of the neonatal brain, making it hyperexcitable compared to older ages, and to the common occurrence of some forms of acquired brain injury, namely hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. In this narrative review we will provide an overview of neonatal seizures definition, their main underlying etiologies, diagnostic work-up and differential diagnoses, and will discuss about therapeutic options and prognostic outlook. The latest publications from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures will be presented and discussed. Of note, they highlight the current lack of robust evidence in this field of clinical neurology. We will also report on specificities pertaining to low-and-middle income countries in terms of incidence, main etiologies and diagnosis. The possibilities offered by telemedicine and automated seizures detection will also be summarized in order to provide a framework for future directions in seizures diagnosis and management with a global perspective. Many challenges and opportunities for improving identification, monitoring and treatment of acute symptomatic seizures in newborns exist. All current caveats potentially represent different lines of research with the aim to provide better care and reach a deeper understanding of this important topic of neonatal neurology.
Study on atomization characteristics of a kerosene jet in a supersonic crossflow
Authors: Zhang Yi , Le Jialing , Tian Ye 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe combustion performance of a scramjet engine is based on a two-phase mixing process of its fuel. To elucidate the mechanism of jet atomization in supersonic airflows, a numerical simulation of liquid jet atomization in a supersonic crossflow is carried out. The Euler method is used to calculate the gas phase, while the Lagrangian particle tracking method is used to calculate the liquid phase. The Reitz wave model is used to simulate the first breakup of the liquid jet, and the Kelvin-Helmholtz/Rayleigh-Taylor hybrid breakup model is used to simulate the second breakup of the droplets. The influence of the liquid/gas momentum flux ratio and the diameter of the jet on the atomization characteristics is discussed. The results show that the penetration depth increases with increasing nozzle diameter and liquid/gas momentum flux ratio. A jet with a larger liquid/gas momentum flux ratio breaks faster, and its Sauter mean diameter is smaller. The Sauter mean diameter of a droplet decreases with decreasing nozzle diameter. At 30 mm downstream of the nozzle, all jets are basically atomized, and the SMD of the jet is around 10 μm. The nozzle diameter has a greater influence on the jet penetration depth than does the liquid/gas momentum flux ratio.
Naringin from sweet orange peel improves testicular function in high fat diet-induced diabetic rats by modulating xanthine oxidase/uric acid signaling and maintaining redox balance
Authors: Okesina Kazeem Bidemi , Odetayo Adeyemi Fatai , Adeyemi Wale Johnson , Ajibare Ayodeji Johnson , Okesina Akeem Ayodeji , Olayaki Luqman Aribidesi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs, including the testis. Naringin from orange peel extract (OPE) is a flavanone with fertility-enhancing properties. Hence, this study was designed to establish the effect of naringin on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty male (30) Wistar rats were randomized into five groups control, diabetes, diabetes + naringin, diabetes + OPE, and diabetes + metformin. The administrations were via the oral route and lasted for 28 days.

Results
Naringin ameliorated T2DM-induced increase in FBS and decrease in serum insulin. It also abrogated T2DM-induced decrease in sperm quality, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, naringin prevented a T2DM-induced increase in malonaldehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, xanthine oxidase (XO), and uric acid (UA), it was accompanied by the restoration of normal testicular histoarchitecture.

Conclusions
Naringin prevented T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction by modulating XO/UA and restoring redox balance. Also, while the animals treated with OPE exhibited better ameliorative effects than their counterparts treated with naringin, the findings from this study showed that naringin would be a promising supplement for treating T2DM-induced male infertility.
Effects of housing conditions on stress, depressive like behavior and sensory-motor performances of C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Abidin İsmail , Keser Hatice , Şahin Elif , Öztürk Hilal , Başoğlu Harun , Alver Ahmet , Aydin-Abidin Selcen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The effects of housing conditions on animal physiology, behavior or stress are still debated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different housing systems, individually ventilated cages (IVC), classical small cages with floor surface area of 500 cm2 (CC500) and classical large cages with floor surface area of 800 cm2 (CC800) on body weight, sensory-motor performances, depression-like behavior, plasma corticosterone and brain oxidative stress parameters in C57BL/6 mice. The mice housed in one of the cages from birth to 6 months of age. Hang wire and adhesive removal tests were performed to evaluate somatosensory and motor performances. The extent of depression was determined by the forced swim test. Blood corticosterone levels were measured. In addition, brain malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were analyzed.

Results
The depression-like behavior of the groups was similar. Although there were no significant differences in hang wire test among groups, CC500 group required longer durations in adhesive removal test. The body weight and plasma corticosterone levels of CC800 group were significantly higher than other groups. The oxidative stress parameters were highest in CC500 cage.

Conclusions
Our study showed that the least stressful housing condition was IVC cage systems. Interestingly, the number of mice in the classical cages had a significant effect on stress levels and sensory-motor performance.
Lesion of NPY Receptor-expressing Neurons in Perifornical Lateral Hypothalamus Attenuates Glucoprivic Feeding
Authors: Choi Pique P , Wang Qing , Brenner Lynne A , Li Ai-Jun , Ritter Robert C , Appleyard Suzanne M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Glucoprivic feeding is one of several counterregulatory responses (CRRs) that facilitates restoration of euglycemia following acute glucose deficit (glucoprivation). Our previous work established that glucoprivic feeding requires ventrolateral medullary (VLM) catecholamine (CA) neurons that coexpress neuropeptide Y (NPY). However, the connections by which VLM CA/NPY neurons trigger increased feeding are uncertain. We have previously shown that glucoprivation, induced by an anti-glycolygic agent 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), activates perifornical lateral hypothalamus (PeFLH) neurons and that expression of NPY in the VLM CA/NPY neurons is required for glucoprivic feeding. We therefore hypothesized that glucoprivic feeding and possibly other CRRs require NPY-sensitive PeFLH neurons. To test this, we used the ribosomal toxin conjugate NPY-saporin (NPY-SAP) to selectively lesion NPY receptor-expressing neurons in the PeFLH of male rats. We found that NPY-SAP destroyed a significant number of PeFLH neurons, including those expressing orexin, but not those expressing melanin-concentrating hormone. The PeFLH NPY-SAP lesions attenuated 2DG-induced feeding but did not affect 2DG-induced increase in locomotor activity, sympathoadrenal hyperglycemia, or corticosterone release. The 2DG-induced feeding response was also significantly attenuated in NPY-SAP-treated female rats. Interestingly, PeFLH NPY-SAP lesioned male rats had reduced body weights and decreased dark cycle feeding, but this effect was not seen in female rats. We conclude that a NPY projection to the PeFLH is necessary for glucoprivic feeding, but not locomotor activity, hyperglycemia, or corticosterone release, in both male and female rats.
Skeletal Muscle Evaluation in Patients With Acromegaly
Authors: Milioto Angelo , Corica Giuliana , Nista Federica , Wildemberg Luiz Eduardo Armondi , Rossi Federica , Bignotti Bianca , Gadelha Mônica R , Ferone Diego , Tagliafico Alberto Stefano , Gatto Federico 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Context
Patients with acromegaly are characterized by chronic exposure to high growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, known for their anabolic effect on skeletal muscle. Therefore, an increased skeletal muscle mass could be hypothesized in these individuals. Herein, we have performed a systematic revision of published evidence regarding skeletal muscle mass, quality, and performance in patients with acromegaly.

Evidence Acquisition
A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed database up to September 1, 2023, was conducted with the following query: acromegaly AND (“muscle mass” OR “skeletal muscle”). We excluded studies that did not compare different disease states or used nonradiological methods for the skeletal muscle analyses, except for bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Evidence Synthesis
Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 360 patients were evaluated for skeletal muscle mass, 122 for muscle fatty atrophy, and 192 for muscle performance. No clear evidence of increased skeletal muscle mass in patients with active disease compared to control or healthy individuals emerged. As for skeletal muscle quality, we observed a trend toward higher fatty infiltration among patients with acromegaly compared to healthy participants. Likewise, patients with active disease showed consistently worse physical performance compared to control or healthy individuals.

Conclusion
Skeletal muscle in acromegaly has lower quality and performance compared to that of healthy individuals. The small number of published studies and multiple confounding factors (eg, use of different radiological techniques) contributed to mixed results, especially regarding skeletal muscle mass. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to investigate skeletal muscle mass in patients with acromegaly.
Public awareness of tick-borne diseases
Authors: Czerwińska Pawluk Iwona , Stój-Kontraktowicz Monika , Zukow Walery 
Published: February 2024

Background: Tick-borne diseases, due to their all too frequent occurrence, the different localisation of organ lesions and the numerous complications in their course, are a serious medical problem. The public's knowledge of the biological hazards posed by ticks and the possibilities for their prevention is the basis for taking important measures to minimise the risk of tick-borne infections.
Aim of the study: To assess the public's knowledge of tick-borne diseases.
Material and methods: The study was carried out among 137 people living in the villages of Studzianki Pancerne and Kozienice in the Kozienice district. The method used in the study was a diagnostic survey, the technique was a questionnaire, and the research tool was an original survey questionnaire developed for the purposes of the study.
Results: Respondents' knowledge of tick-borne diseases is unsatisfactory. Only 11.7% of the total number of respondents had a high level of knowledge in this area. 53.3% had a low level of knowledge and 35<0% had a medium level of knowledge. The study confirmed a statistically significant relationship between the level of knowledge of the subjects and age (p=0.001), past tick bite episode (p=0.001), past disease or treatment (p=0.001). No significant correlations were found between respondents' knowledge and gender (p=0.951), education (p=0.062) and place of residence (p= 0.717).
Conclusions: The level of knowledge of respondents about tick-borne diseases is insufficient. The results indicate the need for large-scale educational activities, which should be extended to different age groups, regardless of their place of residence and level of education.
BIOCHEMICAL AND MACROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF CHINESE LEYMUS (LEYMUS CHINENSIS (TRIN.) TZVEL.) IN THE UDA RIVER VALLEY (WESTERN TRANSBAIKALIA)
Authors: Boloneva Lyudmila Nikolaevna , Merkusheva Maria Grigorievna , Badmaeva Natalya Karlovna , Lavrentieva Irina Nikolaevna 
Published: February 2024

Leymus chinensis in the valley of the middle reaches of the Uda River forms significant areas of forage lands, being a valuable resource species. Its production, the number of vegetative and generative shoots, their height, and spike length varied significantly. For the first time, the biochemical and mineral composition, nutritive and energy values of this species were determined for the northeast of the Western Transbaikalia and their compliance with the standards of plant fodder was established mainly except for the increased content of crude fiber. Protein ratio, as an indicator of feed digestibility, had medium (1 : 6/8–7.7) and wide (1 : 8.7–9.1) levels. The sum of digestible nutrients, total and metabolizable energy content of the forage were relatively constant, which is due to the short growing season in the sharply continental climate of the region. It was shown for the first time that the chemical composition of morphological components (leaves, stems, ears) of L. chinensis growing in floodplain steppe meadows changed little and had a set of elements-dominants: ears – N>K>P, leaves – N>K>Ca, stems – N>K>S(P). Because of the high concentration of sulfur in the ears of plants on saline soil, the elements were arranged as follows: N>S>K. It was found that the difference in the content of carbon and macroelements in the plants of the species growing in similar conditions of the steppe floodplain was insignificant and differed significantly in salinity. The peculiarity of the mineral composition of the above-ground phytomass was the high amount of S as well as a very wide K/Na ratio (38–65). The evaluation of the current state of productivity and quality of this species as a valuable resource cereal was given.
An Innovative Embedded Processor-Based Signal Phase Shifter Algorithm
Authors: Hamza Aven R. , Hussein Mohammed A. 
Published: February 2024

Digital filtration is widely used today in many application fields, and with the increased use of low-cost embedded processors, it can be applied to vast areas. A drawback of digital filtration algorithms is the introduction of phase angle shifts in the filtered signals, thereby creating undesirable characteristics in many application fields. In this work, low-pass filters of finite impulse response and infinite impulse response types are designed with an innovative buffering scheme to delay a digitally low-passed signal by an angle ranging from 0° to 180° for real-time signals. The application of the filtration and buffering scheme on a cost-effective embedded processor with limited signal processing capabilities opens the horizons for its applicability in many signal processing fields. In assessing its practicality, the generated filtered output signal is correlated with the original signal (a low-passed version), revealing correlation values reaching 0.99 in certain instances. The novelty of the proposed approach enables its application to a broad-spectrum area of digital signal filtration.
Web Page Ranking Based on Text Content and Link Information Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Naamha Esraa Q. , Abdulmunim Matheel E. 
Published: February 2024

Thanks to the rapid expansion of the Internet, anyone can now access a vast array of information online. However, as the volume of web content continues to grow exponentially, search engines face challenges in delivering relevant results. Early search engines primarily relied on the words or phrases found within web pages to index and rank them. While this approach had its merits, it often resulted in irrelevant or inaccurate results. To address this issue, more advanced search engines began incorporating the hyperlink structures of web pages to help determine their relevance. While this method improved retrieval accuracy to some extent, it still had limitations, as it did not consider the actual content of web pages. The objective of the work is to enhance Web Information Retrieval methods by leveraging three key components: text content analysis, link analysis, and log file analysis. By integrating insights from these multiple data sources, the goal is to achieve a more accurate and effective ranking of relevant web pages in the retrieved document set, ultimately enhancing the user experience and delivering more precise search results the proposed system was tested with both multi-word and single-word queries, and the results were evaluated using metrics such as relative recall, precision, and F-measure. When compared to Google’s PageRank algorithm, the proposed system demonstrated superior performance, achieving an 81% mean average precision, 56% average relative recall, and a 66% F-measure.
Synthesis of Some novel Azomethine Oxide Derived from Aromatic Oximes and their Anti-microbial Studies
Authors: Mohammed Jihad H. , Qaddo Akram N. M. , Muhammad Salih Nabaz A. , Omar Faeza B. 
Published: February 2024

The organic compound category known as azomethine oxides has garnered significant attention due to its potential for bioactive and pharmacological effects, as well as its role in organic syntheses. Existing literature offers various methods for producing derivatives of these compounds. This study, in particular, concentrates on the creation of several aromatic oximes through the reduction of corresponding aldehydes. Furthermore, these oximes are employed in the generation of new azomethine oxides through a condensation reaction with selected aldehydes. The molecular structure of the synthesized azomethine oxides is determined using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Finally, the antimicrobial effectiveness of these compounds was assessed against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria), and Candida albicans (fungus). The synthesized compounds were obtained with high purity and yielded excellent results. Furthermore, the data demonstrates that these azomethine oxides exhibit significant antimicrobial activity when compared to standard drugs.
Kératite provoquée par Curvularia : Un champignon parmi nous
Authors: Leung Sophia 
Published: February 2024

But : Ce cas présente une kératite fongique moins fréquente causée par des espèces du type Curvularia et met en évidence la norme de soin actuelle pour la kératite fongique.
Étude de cas : Une femme caucasienne de 48 ans a été aiguillée, souffrant depuis deux semaines d’un œil droit rouge, douloureux et d’une vision floue. Lors d’un examen biomicroscopique, la présence d’un infiltrat blanc focalement élevé à bords flous irréguliers, d’un défaut épithélial sus-jacent et de lésions satellites a mené à un diagnostic clinique de kératite fongique. Les résultats de la culture ont suggéré que Curvularia était l’organisme causal le plus probable. Ce rapport présente un examen de la kératite fongique, y compris des stratégies de traitement fondées sur des tests de susceptibilité et un raisonnement fondé sur des données probantes.
Conclusion : La kératite fongique est une maladie qui peut initialement être mal diagnostiquée, et les retards dans le traitement peuvent avoir une incidence importante sur les résultats en matière de vision. La combinaison de solides connaissances cliniques, de la communication avec les laboratoires de microbiologie locaux et de la capacité d’ajuster les stratégies de traitement pendant le suivi peut contribuer à gérer efficacement cette maladie.