bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral metal-organic frameworks incorporating nanozymes as neuroinflammation inhibitors for managing Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Jiang Wei , Li Qing , Zhang Ruofei , Li Jianru , Lin Qianyu , Li Jingyun , Zhou Xinyao , Yan Xiyun , Fan Kelong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanomedicine-based anti-neuroinflammation strategy has become a promising dawn of Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment. However, there are significant gaps in our understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of antioxidant nanomedicines concerning the pathways traversing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and subsequent inflammation mitigation. Here, we report nanozyme-integrated metal-organic frameworks with excellent antioxidant activity and chiral-dependent BBB transendocytosis as anti-neuroinflammatory agents for the treatment of PD. These chiral nanozymes are synthesized by embedding ultra-small platinum nanozymes (Ptzymes) into L-chiral and D-chiral imidazolate zeolite frameworks (Ptzyme@L-ZIF and Ptzyme@D-ZIF). Compared to Ptzyme@L-ZIF, Ptzyme@D-ZIF shows higher accumulation in the brains of male PD mouse models due to longer plasma residence time and more pathways to traverse BBB, including clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. These factors contribute to the superior therapeutic efficacy of Ptzyme@D-ZIF in reducing behavioral disorders and pathological changes. Bioinformatics and biochemical analyses suggest that Ptzyme@D-ZIF inhibits neuroinflammation-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in damaged neurons. The research uncovers the biodistribution, metabolic variances, and therapeutic outcomes of nanozymes-integrated chiral ZIF platforms, providing possibilities for devising anti-PD drugs.
Inner core static tilt inferred from intradecadal oscillation in the Earth’s rotation
Authors: An Yachong , Ding Hao , Chen Zhifeng , Shen Wenbin , Jiang Weiping 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe presence of a static tilt between the inner core and mantle is an ongoing discussion encompassing the geodynamic state of the inner core. Here, we confirm an approximate 8.5 yr signal in polar motion is the inner core wobble (ICW), and find that the ICW is also contained in the length-of-day variations of the Earth’s rotation. Based on the determined amplitudes of the ICW and its good phase consistency in both polar motion and the length-of-day variations, we infer that there must be a static tilt angle θ between the inner core and the mantle of about 0.17 ± 0.03°, most likely towards ~90°W relative to the mantle, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the 10° assumed in certain geodynamic research. This tilt is consistent with the assumption that the average density in the northwestern hemisphere of the inner core should be greater than that in the other regions. Further, the observed ICW period (8.5 ± 0.2 yr) suggests a 0.52 ± 0.05 g/cm3 density jump at the inner core boundary.
Catalytic stereodivergent allylic alkylation of 2-acylimidazoles for natural product synthesis
Authors: Lu Ruimin , Zhang Qinglin , Guo Chang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe stereocontrolled allylic alkylation of carbonyl compounds with the goal of producing the full range of stereoisomers presents an effective approach for increasing the productivity of collective natural product synthesis and the creation of chiral molecule libraries for drug exploration. The simultaneous control of regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity poses a significant synthetic challenge in contemporary organic synthesis. Herein, we describe a catalytic stereodivergent α-allylation protocol applicable to both aliphatic and aromatic 2-acylimidazoles, thereby providing a practical blueprint for the divergent synthesis of important chiral building blocks. Each of the six isomeric α-allylated compounds can be readily obtained with remarkable yields and exceptional stereoselectivities, by judiciously selecting the appropriate leaving group and permutations of enantiomers adapted from nickel and iridium catalysts. The versatility of this asymmetric allylic alkylation has been successfully utilized in the enantioselective synthesis of (R)-arundic acid and (S,S)-cinamomumolide, as well as in the stereodivergent total synthesis of tapentadol.
Experimental investigation of seismic response of precast concrete panels with castellated keys support pillar connections under in-plane cyclic loading
Authors: Wang Zuowei , Zhao Jianchang , Chen Xiangheng , Liu Shengwei , Ma Buzhen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe reliable joint connection between precast members is vital to resisting earthquake loads in precast concrete structures. To further improve the convenience of precast construction, this paper presents a new horizontal joint of precast concrete panels with castellated keys supports pillar connections based on the stable mechanical properties of the wet concrete joint. To examine the seismic response of this connection type, a series of in-plane cyclic loading tests were carried out using six full-size precast specimens and one cast-in-place specimen for comparison. The influences of axial compression ratio, joint width, and joint concrete strength on the seismic indicators of the precast concrete panel were considered in the design of specimens. The test results showed all specimens had the same damage process, and the ultimate failure modes combined compression and bending. The precast specimens exhibited similar seismic performance to the cast-in-place specimen, especially whose joint concrete strength is higher than the precast concrete panel. Based on the load–displacement test curve, a hysteretic curve model that included both the envelope curve and the stiffness degradation law was proposed. The predictions from the model showed good compatibility with the experimental results, and the model can be used as a reference for analyzing the elastic–plastic response of the precast concrete panels with castellated keys supporting pillar connections.
Multiscale simulations reveal the role of PcrA helicase in protecting against spontaneous point mutations in DNA
Authors: Winokan Max , Slocombe Louie , Al-Khalili Jim , Sacchi Marco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractProton transfer across hydrogen bonds in DNA can produce non-canonical nucleobase dimers and is a possible source of single-point mutations when these forms mismatch under replication. Previous computational studies have revealed this process to be energetically feasible for the guanine-cytosine (GC) base pair, but the tautomeric product (G$$^*$$

∗

C$$^*$$

∗

) is short-lived. In this work we reveal, for the first time, the direct effect of the replisome enzymes on proton transfer, rectifying the shortcomings of existing models. Multi-scale quantum mechanical/molecular dynamics (QM/MM) simulations reveal the effect of the bacterial PcrA Helicase on the double proton transfer in the GC base pair. It is shown that the local protein environment drastically increases the activation and reaction energies for the double proton transfer, modifying the tautomeric equilibrium. We propose a regime in which the proton transfer is dominated by tunnelling, taking place instantaneously and without atomic rearrangement of the local environment. In this paradigm, we can reconcile the metastable nature of the tautomer and show that ensemble averaging methods obscure detail in the reaction profile. Our results highlight the importance of explicit environmental models and suggest that asparagine N624 serves a secondary function of reducing spontaneous mutations in PcrA Helicase.
Low incidence of microsatellite instability in gastric cancers and its association with the clinicopathological characteristics: a comparative study
Authors: Talari Fateme Fooladi , Bozorg Ali , Zeinali Sirous , Zali Mohammadreza , Mohsenifar Zhale , Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid , Baghaei Kaveh 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGastric cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease with different molecular subtypes that have clinical implications. It is characterized by high mortality rates and limited effective therapies. Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been recognized as a subgroup with a good prognosis based on TCGA and ACRG categorizations. Besides its prognostic and predictive value, gastric cancers with high MSI exhibit different clinical behaviors. The prevalence of high MSI has been assessed in gastric cancer worldwide, especially in East Asia, but there is a lack of such information in the Middle East. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and status of MSI in Iranian gastric cancer patients using 53 samples collected from 2015 to 2020 at Taleghani Hospital Medical Center. DNA from tumoral and normal tissues were extracted and assessed through multiplex-PCR based on five mononucleotide repeats panel. Clinicopathological variables, including age, sex, Lauren classification, lymph node involvement, TNM stage, differentiation, localization, and tumor size, were also analyzed. With 2 males and 2 females, high microsatellite instability represented a small subgroup of almost 7.5% of the samples with a median age of 60.5 years. High microsatellite instability phenotypes were significantly associated with patients aged 68 years and older (p‑value of 0.0015) and lower lymph node involvement (p‑value of 0.0004). Microsatellite instability was also more frequent in females, with distal gastric location, bigger tumor size, and in the intestinal type of gastric cancer rather than the diffuse type.
A conformal beam splitter with polarization transformation operation
Authors: Ahmed Fahad , Abutarboush Hattan , Ashraf Naveed , Denidni Tayeb A. , Tahir Farooq A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA multifunctional beam splitting frequency selective surface (FSS) is modeled, analyzed, and tested in transmission and reflection modes. The proposed FSS comprises a C-shaped split-ring resonator designed and fabricated on an ultrathin, flexible polyimide material. When a linearly polarized incident wave interacts with the unit cell of the proposed FSS, half of the wave is reflected, and the other half is transmitted at two frequency bands from 5.8–6.2 GHz and 18.5–22 GHz. Moreover, the proposed FSS is angularly stable upto 40° and also performs simultaneous beam splitting and quarter-wave operation within one of its two bands of operation i.e., from 16.5–18.2 GHz. Such flexible beam splitting FSSs with polarization transformation operation and having angular stability, size miniaturization and multi-band operation is a specialized component having potential to be used for electromagnetic wave manipulation in antenna systems, radar technology, stealth technology, wireless communication, satellite communication, medical imaging, security and surveillance, aerospace and defense, and automotive radar.
Venous thromboembolism and intracranial hemorrhage in patients undergoing glioblastoma surgery
Authors: Wilhelmy Florian , Gaier Michael , Planitzer Uwe , Kasper Johannes , Prasse Gordian , Frydrychowicz Clara , Oesemann René , Meixensberger Jürgen , Lindner Dirk 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the perioperative management of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), physicians face the question of whether and when to administer prophylactic or therapeutic anticoagulation (AC). In this study, we investigate the effects of the timing of postoperative heparinization on thromboembolic events (TE) and postoperative hemorrhage (bleeding, PH) as well as the interactions between the two in the context of an underlying intracerebral malignancy. For this retrospective data analysis, 222 patients who underwent surgery for grade IV glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype (2016 CNS WHO) between 01/01/2014 and 31/12/2019 were included. We followed up for 12 months. We assessed various biographical and clinical data for risk factors and focused on the connection between timepoint of AC and adverse events. Subgroup analyses were performed for pulmonary artery embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis, and postoperative intracranial hemorrhage (PH) that either required surgical intervention or was controlled radiologically only. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U-Test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and univariate binomial logistic regression. p values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. There was no significant association between prophylactic AC within 24 h and more frequent major bleeding (p = 0.350). AC in patients who developed major bleeding was regularly postponed by the physician/surgeon upon detection of the re-bleeding; therefore, patients with PH were anticoagulated significantly later (p = 0.034). The timing of anticoagulant administration did not differ significantly between patients who experienced a thromboembolic event and those who did not (p = 0.634). There was considerable overlap between the groups. Three of the six patients (50%) with PE had to be lysed or therapeutically anticoagulated and thereafter developed major bleeding (p < 0.001). Patients who experienced TE were more likely to die during hospitalization than those with major bleeding (p = 0.022 vs. p = 1.00). Prophylactic AC within 24 h after surgery does not result in more frequent bleeding. Our data suggests that postoperative intracranial hemorrhage is not caused by prophylactic AC but rather is a surgical complication or the result of antithrombotic therapy. However, thromboembolic events worsen patient outcomes far more than postoperative bleeding. The fact that bleeding may occur as a complication of life-saving lysis therapy in the setting of a thromboembolic event should be included in this cost–benefit consideration.
Sex-related differences in parental rearing patterns in young adults with bipolar disorder
Authors: Zhao Huifang , Zhang Xujing , Xiu Meihong , Wu Fengchun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the parenting characteristics of young patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and explore the sex differences. The parental rearing pattern of young patients with BD was measured and compared with the healthy control of young adults. The EMBU scale was used to assess parental rearing patterns. Patients with BD reported significantly higher scores in the punishment and severity index, as well as of the rejection and denial index, but lower scores in the warmth & affectionate index in the paternal rearing pattern, compared with healthy controls. In addition, patients scored higher on the punishment and severity index and rejection and patterns index in maternal rearing patterns. More importantly, we found significant sex differences in maternal rearing patterns (pBonferroni < 0.05). Specifically, in the maternal rearing patterns, male patients had higher scores on the favoring index than male controls, whereas female patients had lower scores on the warmth & affectionate index than female controls. This study shows significant differences in parental rearing patterns between patients and control subjects. Male patients were overprotective by their mothers and female patients were overlooked by their mothers during upbringing.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing anthracycline-containing chemotherapy: an emulated target trial using nationwide cohort data in South Korea
Authors: Hwang Hui-Jeong , Kim Minji , Jun Ji Eun , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNovel hypoglycemic agents, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), have shown protective effects against anthracycline (AC)-induced cardiotoxicity and exhibit partial anticancer effects in animal models. However, clinical evidence for this is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate whether SGLT2i improve the clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing AC-containing chemotherapy. A total of 81,572 patients who underwent AC chemotherapy between 2014 and 2021 were recruited from a nationwide Korean cohort. Patients were classified into three groups: patients with T2DM taking SGLT2i (n = 780) and other hypoglycemic agents excluding SGLT2i (non-SGLT2i; n = 3,455) during AC chemotherapy, and the non-DM group (n = 77,337). The clinical outcome was a composite of heart failure hospitalization, acute myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and death. After propensity score matching, 779 SGLT2i users were compared with 7800 non-DM patients and 2,337 non-SGLT2i users. The SGLT2i group had better composite outcomes compared with the non-DM group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.25–0.51) and compared with the non-SGLT2i group (adjusted HR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.32–0.69). In conclusion, SGLT2i may contribute to improving clinical outcomes in patients with T2DM undergoing AC-containing chemotherapy, through an emulated target trial using Korean nationwide cohort data.
Dog owner mental health is associated with dog behavioural problems, dog care and dog-facilitated social interaction: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Barcelos Ana Maria , Kargas Niko , Assheton Phil , Maltby John , Hall Sophie , Mills Daniel S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite numerous qualitative and cross-sectional studies investigating how dog-related factors may impact owners’ well-being, empirical studies to test these causal effects are lacking. This prospective cohort study examined the correlation and potential causal effect of 17 dog-related factors with six well-being outcomes (depression, anxiety, loneliness, suicidal ideation, hedonic well-being and eudaimonic well-being) in dog owners. Over a four-week period, 709 adult dog owners reported their weekly well-being and occurrence of each dog-related factor (e.g. how many times they ran with their dogs). A random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) with significance threshold set at 0.001 was used. Six factors correlated with poorer owner well-being (i.e. aggressive dog behaviour, fearful dog behaviour, poor dog health, failure to provide for the dog, lack of control over the dog, and dog presence). Only ‘friendly conversation with others due to the dog’ correlated with better well-being. Purposeful reductions in the frequency of dog behavioural and health-related issues are likely to improve owner well-being, as well as greater consistency in dog care (i.e. provide for the dog) and more engagement in friendly dog-facilitated social interactions. No potential causal effects were significant. Further studies investigating causal relationships are essential to improve people’s well-being through dog ownership.
Handwriting identification and verification using artificial intelligence-assisted textural features
Authors: Zhao Heng , Li Huihui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntelligent process control and automation systems require verification authentication through digital or handwritten signatures. Digital copies of handwritten signatures have different pixel intensities and spatial variations due to the factors of the surface, writing object, etc. On the verge of this fluctuating drawback for control systems, this manuscript introduces a Spatial Variation-dependent Verification (SVV) scheme using textural features (TF). The handwritten and digital signatures are first verified for their pixel intensities for identification point detection. This identification point varies with the signature’s pattern, region, and texture. The identified point is spatially mapped with the digital signature for verifying the textural feature matching. The textural features are extracted between two successive identification points to prevent cumulative false positives. A convolution neural network aids this process for layered analysis. The first layer is responsible for generating new identification points, and the second layer is responsible for selecting the maximum matching feature for varying intensity. This is non-recurrent for the different textures exhibited as the false factor cuts down the iterated verification. Therefore, the maximum matching features are used for verifying the signatures without high false positives. The proposed scheme’s performance is verified using accuracy, precision, texture detection, false positives, and verification time.
Chronic flooding events due to sea-level rise in French Guiana
Authors: Thiéblemont Rémi , Le Cozannet Gonéri , D’Anna Maurizio , Idier Déborah , Belmadani Ali , Slangen Aimée B. A. , Longueville François 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs sea levels are rising, the number of chronic flooding events at high tide is increasing across the world coastlines. Yet, many events reported so far either lack observational evidence of flooding, or relate to coastal areas where ground subsidence or oceanic processes often enhance climate change-induced sea-level rise (SLR). Here we present observational and modelling evidence of high-tide flooding events that are unlikely to occur without SLR in French Guiana, where sea-level rise rates are close to the global average and where there is no significant ground subsidence. In particular, on 16 October 2020, a well-documented flooding event happened in Cayenne under calm weather conditions. Our probabilistic assessment of daily maximum water levels superimposed on SLR shows that this event can be modelled and is a consequence of SLR. As sea levels will continue to rise, we show that the number, severity and extent of such high-tide flooding events will increase across several urban areas of French Guiana, with an evolution depending on the topography. As concerns are growing regarding the economic impacts and adaptation challenges of high-tide chronic events across the world, our study provides new evidence that this early impact of SLR is emerging now.
Impact of gamification on green consumption behavior integrating technological awareness, motivation, enjoyment and virtual CSR
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Farrukh , Xu Shuo , Rehman Obaid ul , Javed Iqra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGamification entails integrating game design elements, including rewards, points, competition, and interactive challenges, into non-game contexts to engage and motivate individuals. In the context of green consumption, gamification can encourage individuals to acquire more sustainable consumption behaviors. The proposed study aims to examine the influence of gamification on green consumption behavior among Chinese university students. However, university students are considered an important target group for such interventions due to their technological savvy and high interest in environmental issues. A self-determination theory (SDT) was used to measure the motivating factors of gamification for adopting green consumption behavior—a convenience sampling technique in which survey-based research designs were used to collect the data. A survey was conducted on a sample of 332 university students in China, using a questionnaire with structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypotheses and assess the proposed relationships between the variables. The finding of this study reveals that gamification has a significant negative relation with green consumption behavior. Further, technological awareness, hedonic motivation, and perceived enjoyment significantly mediate the relationship between gamification and green consumption behavior. Additionally, virtual CSR significantly moderates the relationship between gamification and technological awareness, hedonic motivation, and perceived enjoyment. The findings of this study could have implications for the development of more effective interventions for policy makers and industrialists aimed at promoting sustainable consumption behaviors in China.