bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoid-Induced Myopathy: Typology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis,
and Treatment
Authors: Wu Mengmeng , Liu Caixia , Sun Dong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlucocorticoid-induced myopathy is a non-inflammatory toxic myopathy typified by
proximal muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, fatigue, and easy fatigability. These
vague symptoms coupled with underlying disorders may mask the signs of
glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, leading to an underestimation of the disease’s
impact. This review briefly summarizes the classification, pathogenesis, and
treatment options for glucocorticoid-induced muscle wasting. Additionally, we
discuss current diagnostic measures in clinical research and routine care used
for diagnosing and monitoring glucocorticoid-induced myopathy, which includes
gait speed tests, muscle strength tests, hematologic tests, bioelectrical
impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed
tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electromyography,
quantitative muscle ultrasound, histological examination, and genetic analysis.
Continuous monitoring of patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy plays an
important role in enabling early detection of glucocorticoid-induced myopathy,
allowing physicians to modify treatment plans before significant clinical
weakness arises.
Position of the Proximal Manica Flexoria under different grades of fetlock joint extension – A biomechanical observational study in the equine fore- and hindlimb
Authors: Schweinsberg Lorenz P. , Ehrle Anna , Jensen Katharina Charlotte , Lischer Christoph J. , Cender Andrea Noguera 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the position of the proximal manica flexoria and the proximal scutum under different grades of fetlock joint extension and to describe measurements and compare findings between equine fore- and hindlimbs.
Study Design It was an observational study.
Results During fetlock joint extension, the proximal manica flexoria and the proximal scutum displace distally relative to the palmar/plantar extent of the sagittal ridge of the cannon bone. The proximal manica flexoria is further displaced distal to the proximal scutum within the fetlock canal. No significant differences were identified between fore- and hindlimbs at different levels of fetlock joint extension. The proximal scutum was observed to be longer and thicker and the tendinous part of the manica flexoria was longer in forelimbs compared with hindlimbs.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance The described findings contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of manica flexoria tearing. The fact that the proximal scutum and the tendinous part of the manica flexoria are shorter in the hindlimb might explain why the manica flexoria is more likely to get caught on the proximal aspect of the scutum and develop a tear in the equine hindlimb.
Wrist Salvage and Fusion Outcomes in a Veterans Affairs Population
Authors: Lawson Edward , Cinclair Trey , Lies Shelby 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction Wrist osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition in the elderly population that can lead to significant impairment. Common causes of wrist OA are scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC). This study examines the outcomes of wrist salvage and fusion surgeries in the treatment of posttraumatic wrist arthritis caused by SLAC/SNAC in the Veteran population.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed of patients who presented to a single Veteran Affairs hospital with wrist arthritis over the period of 12 years. Information analyzed included patient demographics, SNAC/SLAC grade, and first operation (proximal row carpectomy, four-corner fusion, and total wrist fusion). Outcomes reviewed included postoperative malunion, impingement, hardware failure, postoperative range of motion (ROM), persistent pain, recurrent arthritis, and need for reoperation.
Results In the proximal row carpectomy group, 11 (29%) patients had poor ROM postoperation, 14 (36.8%) had persistent pain, 3 (7.9%) had recurrent arthritis, and 2 (5.3%) needed reoperations. In the four corner fusion 4CF group, 3 (13.6%) patients had malunion, 3 (13.6%) had impingement, 5 (22.7%) had a hardware failure, 2 (8.7%) had poor ROM postop, 9 (40.9%) had persistent pain, 6 (27.3%) had recurrent arthritis, and 6 (27.3%) needed reoperations. In the total wrist fusion TWF group, 2 (18.2%) patients had malunion, 2 (18.2%) had impingement, and 2 (18.2%) had hardware failure. No patients had poor ROM postoperation, 5 (45.5%) had persistent pain, 2 (18.2%) had recurrent arthritis, and 3 (27.3%) needed reoperations.
Conclusions In the treatment of wrist arthritis, partial wrist fusions are optimal for maintaining ROM while improving pain control.
Level of Evidence III
Oral Drug for Small Intestinal Angiodysplasia Bleeding: Every Cloud Has a Silver Lining!!
Authors: Thakur Rajneesh , Rana Surinder Singh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBecause of both difficulties in accurate diagnosis and appropriate management, small bowel bleeding due to angiodysplasia remains a challenging and perplexing issue in clinical practice. Advancement in small bowel endoscopy including capsule endoscopy as well as balloon enteroscopy has expanded the domain of endoscopic hemostatic interventions in the small bowel. This has led on to marked improvement in immediate homeostasis rates in patients with small bowel angiodysplasias (SBA) bleeding. However, high recurrent bleeding rates are an important limitation of endoscopic interventions. Therefore, there is an unmet need of an effective therapeutic as well as prophylactic pharmacotherapy that can alter the course of the disease. Long-acting octreotide as well as thalidomide has been used in patients with SBA bleeding with encouraging results, but the evidence on their efficacy is not robust. In news and views of this issue, we discuss a randomized controlled study that investigates the efficacy and safety of thalidomide for the treatment of recurrent bleeding due to SBA.
Use of Mexiletine in Children: A Minireview
Authors: Sarret Catherine , Barrière Sarah , Remerand Ganaelle , Massoullie Grégoire , Chalard Aurélie , Dauphin Claire , Pontier Bénédicte , Laffargue Fanny 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMexiletine is well-established sodium channel blocker that acts on cardiac myocytes and neurons. It has recently been repositioned as an orphan drug in the treatment of rare neuromuscular diseases in adults with nondystrophic myotonia. It has also long been used in some rare pediatric diseases in the areas of cardiopathy, epilepsy, neuromuscular diseases, and pain disorders. Here, we review the different uses of mexiletine reported in pediatrics, stating indications, efficacy, and tolerance. Special attention by health authorities to maintain access to mexiletine in rare pediatric diseases and further pediatric research in these rare syndromes are required.
Cognitive and Behavioral Profile in a Child with Macrocerebellum—A Rare Congenital Brain Malformation
Authors: Baby Betsy , Nair Gowthami , Arya Maniyan Lathikakumari , Uranguladi Madhusoodanan , Khan Ajina , Sundaram Soumya 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMacrocerebellum is a rare condition marked by an aberrant growth in the size of the cerebellum without any morphological or signal abnormalities. It can occur in isolation (nonsyndromic) or as part of various clinical syndromes such as Costello's syndrome, Sotos syndrome, Williams' syndrome, macrocephaly-capillary malformation syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis, and Lhermitte–Duclos' syndrome. The most common clinical features described with macrocerebellum are developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, nystagmus, oculomotor apraxia, seizures, and facial dysmorphism. The exact pathophysiological basis underneath this condition is still unknown. We report the case of a 13-month-old boy who presented with developmental delay, nystagmus, and generalized hypotonia. The presence of nystagmus made us suspect cerebellar pathology in this child. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain showed macrocerebellum which was confirmed by volumetric analysis. He did not have any clinical features to suggest a syndrome associated with macrocerebellum. His developmental quotient was 45, and his receptive and expressive language age was around 5 to 6 months. His genetic analysis by whole exome sequencing did not reveal any disease-causing variants. A repeat clinical evaluation after 4 months showed an improvement in motor domains.
Torsion of an Accessory Liver Lobe in a Newborn
Authors: Krause Tobias , Cholewa Dietmar , Liniger Benjamin , Berger Steffen , Milosevic Milan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccessory liver lobes are rare. We present the rare case of torsion of an accessory liver lobe in a neonate.A 13-day-old newborn presented with failure to thrive and hematemesis without fever. The initial workup with sonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and upper gastrointestinal study was suspicious of a duplication cyst, most likely in the posterior wall of the stomach. Laboratory and radiological findings were not suggesting a choledochal cyst. We performed a laparotomy with resection of the 3.2 × 2.1 × 1.1 cm mass. Intraoperatively, the cystic formation extended from of the liver bed up to the lesser curvature of the stomach. The mass was attached to the left liver lobe with fibrous bands. Histopathology revealed necrotic liver parenchyma with patent viable biliary ducts, indicative of an accessory liver lobe that underwent torsion in the perinatal period. The postoperative course and follow-up (6 months so far) were uneventful. To our knowledge, this is the youngest described patient in the literature with an accessory liver lobe torsion and the second case report concerning this entity in a neonate. It presents an extremely rare differential diagnosis in symptomatic neonates with a cystic mass in the upper abdomen.
Not with the bot! The relevance of trust to explain the acceptance of chatbots by insurance customers
Authors: de Andrés-Sánchez Jorge , Gené-Albesa Jaume 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndustry 4.0 profoundly impacts the insurance sector, as evidenced by the significant growth of insurtech. One of these technologies is chatbots, which enable policyholders to seamlessly manage their active insurance policies. This paper analyses policyholders’ attitude toward conversational bots in this context. To achieve this objective, we employed a structured survey involving policyholders. The survey aimed to determine the average degree of acceptance of chatbots for contacting the insurer to take action such as claim reporting. We also assessed the role of variables of the technology acceptance model, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, as well as trust, in explaining attitude and behavioral intention. We have observed a low acceptance of insureds to implement insurance procedures with the assistance of a chatbot. The theoretical model proposed to explain chatbot acceptance provides good adjustment and prediction capability. Even though the three assessed factors are relevant for explaining attitude toward interactions with conversational robots and behavioral intention to use them, the variable trust exhibited the greatest impact. The findings of this paper have fair potential theoretical and practical implications. They outline the special relevance of trust in explaining customers’ acceptance of chatbots since this construct impacts directly on attitude but also perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Likewise, improvements in the utility and ease of use of robots are also needed to prevent customers’ reluctance toward their services.
Toward practical mass spectrometry with nanomechanical pillar resonators by surface acoustic wave transduction
Authors: Kähler Hendrik , Winkler Robert , Arthaber Holger , Plank Harald , Schmid Silvan 
Published: January 2024

Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) have shown outstanding performance in the detection of small masses down to single proton sensitivity. To obtain a high enough throughput for application in practical mass spectrometry, NEMS resonators are arranged in two-dimensional (2D) arrays. However, all state-of-the-art electromechanical transduction methods rely on electrical lines placed close to the mechanical resonators, which drastically restricts the density of 2D resonator arrays. An exception is the transduction by surface acoustic waves (SAWs), which has so far only been shown for the transduction of single nanomechanical pillar resonators. Here, we demonstrate the transduction of pillar pairs by SAWs. The pillars have a diameter of 700 nm and show a mass responsivity of −588 ± 98 ng−1. The distances between the pillar pairs are 70 nm and 14.3 µm. SAW transduction enabled us to measure both pillars of each pair with electrical lines no closer than 300 µm, illustrating the potential of SAWs to transduce dense arrays of pillar resonators, a crucial step toward practical mass spectrometry with NEMS.
Orthogonal experimental study on the influence of machining parameters on flat lapping of sapphire substrate
Authors: Wang Sheng , Ruan Jiahong , Xiao Shihao , Deng Qianfa , Zhao Tianchen 
Published: January 2024

Sapphire is extensively utilized in the optical, aerospace, and civil electronic industries due to its favorable optical, physical, and chemical characteristics. To enhance the efficiency and quality of sapphire lapping, an orthogonal experiment was conducted on a single-side sapphire substrate using a ceramic lapping plate. The study examined the impact of lapping plate material, lapping pressure, lapping speed, and abrasive particle size on the surface roughness, profile, and removal rate. By analyzing the signal-to-noise ratio and variance of machining parameters, the influence rule and influence of the weight of machining parameters on machining results were obtained. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the material removal rate of sapphire was positively affected by an increase in lapping pressure, speed, and abrasive particle size. Moreover, the removal rate of the SiC lapping plate was the highest among the experimental materials. The roughness of the sapphire surface decreased with increasing lapping pressure, speed, and abrasive particle size, while the SiC plate had the lowest surface roughness. The profile tolerance of sapphire diminished as the lapping pressure, lapping speed, and the abrasive particle size increased. Additionally, the ZrO2 lapping plate exhibited the most minor profile tolerance. The size of the abrasive particle significantly impacted the material removal rate, with a specific gravity exceeding 70%. Similarly, the lapping pressure had a significant effect on both the surface roughness and the profile tolerance. The ideal machining parameter combination comprised an abrasive particle size of 10 µm, a lapping pressure of 22 785.0 Pa, a lapping speed of 60 rpm, and a lapping plate of SiC. Under optimal machining conditions, sapphire exhibited a material removal rate of 0.65 µm/h, a surface roughness of 0.0920 µm, and a profile tolerance of 2.0915 µm after 20 min of lapping. This demonstrated that the lapping process enables highly efficient and high-quality machining of sapphire substrates.
Investigation of proton single-event transient in CMOS image sensor
Authors: Peng Zhigang , Fu Yanjun , Wei Yuan , Zuo Yinghong , Niu Shengli , Zhu Jinhui , Guo Yaxin , Liu Fang , Li Pei , He Chaohui , Li Yonghong 
Published: January 2024

With the increasingly widespread application of CMOS image sensors (CIS) in radiation environments, such as aerospace, their radiation effects have gained attention. This paper investigates single-event transient (SET) caused by the proton direct ionization on CIS, combining both experimental and simulation methods. The proton beam energy used in the experiment is 12 MeV, with a flux up to 3.5 × 108 p/(cm2 s). Due to the periodicity of the proton beam, the CIS output displays a phenomenon of alternating brightness and darkness. When the proton beam flux is low, numerous SET bright spots with different outputs are observed. To comprehensively analyze these experimental phenomena, a typical three-dimensional 4T pinned photodiode model is constructed in TCAD, and relevant SET simulation is carried out. The results indicate that incident position, incident time, and the number of incident protons significantly affect the output of SET-generated bright spots, which are key factors contributing to the different bright spots observed in the experiment.
Level structures of 96Tc and their microscopic description
Authors: Rana A K , Sihotra S , Sharma H P , Singh V , Bhat G H , Jehangir S , Sheikh J A , Rather N , Kuldeep  , Singh N , Bhowmik R K , Kumar R , Singh R P , Muralithar S , Chauhan Pooja , Verma Dalip Singh , Trivedi T , Kumar S , Palit R , Mehta D 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
High spin states in the 96Tc nucleus were populated in the 75As(28Si, 4p3n) fusion-evaporation reaction at E
lab = 120 MeV and the de-excitations were investigated through in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques using indian national gamma array spectrometer consisting of 18 clover Ge detectors. The present level scheme of the 96Tc nucleus has been extended substantially with the addition of about forty five new γ transitions. The level structures in 96Tc have been established up to excitation energy ∼10 MeV and angular momentum ∼25ℏ. Level structures of 96Tc nucleus are discussed in the framework of triaxial projected shell model calculations.
Highly uniform core/shell structures AuR/Ag and AuR/Ag@BSA with various shell thicknesses for surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Tran Khac Khoi , Ha Le Tien , Chu Viet Ha , Do Thi Hue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work indicates the synthesis of uniform core/shell nanostructures (AuR/Ag) with different thicknesses of Ag shell by the double seed method. This method consists of two self-sufficient progresses, one seed for the formation of gold nanorods (AuRs) and one for the formation of the Ag shell for the gold nanorods to form the AuR/Ag. Acid ascorbic (L-AA) acts as a weak reducing agent and hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) acts as a surfactant for Ag shell. The formation and growth of the Ag shell were carefully investigated by changing the reaction factors such as temperature, time, and concentration of AgNO3. The greater the concentration of AgNO3 shelling precursor, the thicker the shell and therefore the more high-energy vibrational modes appear in the near-ultraviolet region. In survey of surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect of AuRs and AuR/Ag with Rhodamine B (RB) detector, the results show that AuR/Ag has the ability to enhance Raman signal much better than AuRs. At the same time, the thicker the Ag shell, the better the Raman signal enhancement ability.
Study on compressive strength and sulfate corrosion resistance of limestone powder and waste glass powder mixed concrete
Authors: Li Chengjin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In order to enhance the utilization rate of waste powder and improve the sulfate corrosion resistance of limestone powder concrete, the evolution law of compressive strength, porosity, sulfate corrosion resistance of limestone powder and waste glass powder mixed concrete with different proportions was studied. It is found through that the early strength of limestone powder concrete cannot be enhanced by waste glass powder, but its late strength can be improved (curing age of 90d). The compressive strength can be improved by adding 5% ~ 15% waste glass powder to the concrete with 10% limestone powder or 5% waste glass powder to the concrete with 20% limestone powder. The pozzolanic activity of waste glass powder is the main factor to increase the late strength of limestone powder concrete. Waste glass powder can be used to improve the sulfate corrosion resistance of limestone powder concrete, and the best combination is 10% limestone powder concrete mixed with 5% waste glass powder. The corrosion products showed that waste glass powder could improve the sulfate resistance of limestone powder concrete from the following three aspects: consuming part of CH, reducing the degree of sulfate corrosion reaction, and improving the limestone powder to inhibit the later hydration reaction of concrete. This study provides a valuable reference for the further utilization of limestone powder and waste glass powder.
CFD investigation of multiple peristaltic waves in a 3D unobstructed ureter
Authors: Keni Laxmikant G , Satish Shenoy B , Chethan K N , Hegde Padmaraj , Prakashini K , Tamagawa Masaaki , Zuber Mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Ureters are essential components of the urinary system and play a crucial role in the transportation of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. In the current study, a three-dimensional ureter is modelled. A series of peristaltic waves are made to travel on the ureter wall to analyse and measure parameter effects such as pressure, velocity, gradient pressure, and wall shear at different time steps. The flow dynamics in the ureters are thoroughly analysed using the commercially available ANSYS-CFX software. The maximum pressure is found in the triple wave at the ureteropelvic junction and maximum velocity is observed in the single and double wave motion due to the contraction produced by the peristalsis motion. The pressure gradient is maximum at the inlet of the ureter during the single bolus motion. The contraction produces a high jet of velocity due to neck formation and also helps in urine trapping in the form of a bolus, which leads to the formation of reverse flow. Due to the reduction in area, shear stress builds on the ureter wall. The high shear stress may rupture the junctions in the ureter.
A direct-writing electrospinning system for designing complex architectures in tissue engineering
Authors: Armenio Laura , Farè Silvia , Draghi Lorenza 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Recently, direct-writing electrospinning has been pursued to reach a higher accuracy and complexity in fiber scaffold fabrication compared to other extrusion techniques more frequently encountered in tissue engineering. However, to date, direct-writing electrospinning lacks a wide application to process materials such as nature-derived polymers, of huge importance in tissue engineering given their chemical properties similar to that of native tissues. In this work, a setup to perform direct-writing electrospinning was developed and demonstrated versatility and efficiency in obtaining submicrometric fibers and guiding their deposition along various types of paths and patterns, resulting in a user-friendly method to create structures closely resembling tissue architecture.
Resistance bias estimation of a liquid column in a cylindrical conductivity cell with lateral liquid supply
Authors: Stennik Oleksii , Mikhal Oleksandr 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The article shows a physical model of a cylindrical two-electrode conductivity cell with inlet and outlet holes for filling located perpendicular to the cell axis. Based on the finite element method (FEM), the non-uniformity of the current density distribution inside the cell was determined. For a range of geometrical parameters of the cell, the resistance biases of the liquid column with respect to the idealized model—a cell with a uniform current density distribution (without holes) are calculated. A mathematical expression is given that describes calculating the electrolytic conductivity value using the geometrical parameters of a conductivity cell, taking into account the field distortion caused by holes for filling. It has also been found that at the ratio of the cell diameter to the hole diameter D/d ≥ 5, the entire field distortion inside the cell is provided by a liquid column in the holes with a length of only (h ≤ d) mm. Theoretical estimates and mathematical models covered in this article were used to create the primary differential conductivity cell. Structurally, such a cell consists of two tubes of the same diameter but of different lengths, at the edges of which platinized electrodes are placed.