bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actualization of evidence‐based nursing in primary, specialized, and social care settings—A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Hamari Lotta , Holopainen Arja , Nyman Johanna , Pukkila Heidi , Siltanen Hannele , Parisod Heidi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundBasing practice on evidence is a widely acknowledged requirement for nursing, but shortcomings still exist. An increased understanding of the actualization of evidence‐based nursing (EBN) across different nursing contexts is needed to develop better support for EBN and promote uniform high‐quality nursing.AimsThe aim of this study was to compare the actualization of EBN in different organizational contexts in Finland.MethodsData for this survey were collected in 2021. The actualization of EBN in primary, specialized, and social care organizations was evaluated with the Actualization of Evidence‐Based Nursing instrument, nurses' version, which focuses on individual and organizational‐level EBN support structures. Differences between (1) specialized and primary healthcare, and (2) different nursing practice settings were tested with Welch's two sample t‐test, the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test, and the Wilcoxon rank sum test.ResultsBased on nurse (n = 1020) evaluations, those working in specialized healthcare hold more positive attitudes toward EBN (p = .021) and evaluated their organization's methods for monitoring and evaluating nursing practices (p = .004) more positively than those working in primary healthcare. Regarding different nursing practice settings (n = 1241), the most positive results were observed within preventive healthcare where nurses evaluated their attitudes toward EBN, EBN competence, and personal evidence‐based practices more positively compared to other nursing practice settings. The results were parallel regarding several organizational structures for EBN. Positive results were also observed within somatic units at university hospitals, and most negative results were within institutional care settings, health centers, and home care settings.Linking Evidence to ActionThere is a need for targeted support to strengthen EBN across different organizational contexts, with special attention to those contexts where nursing professionals with lower education levels work. Future research needs to focus on further analyzing the organizational differences and what can be learned, especially from preventive healthcare but also somatic units at university hospitals.
Frieze patterns over algebraic numbers
Authors: Cuntz Michael , Holm Thorsten , Pagano Carlo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConway and Coxeter have shown that frieze patterns over positive rational integers are in bijection with triangulations of polygons. An investigation of frieze patterns over other subsets of the complex numbers has recently been initiated by Jørgensen and the first two authors. In this paper, we first show that a ring of algebraic numbers has finitely many units if and only if it is an order in a quadratic number field where . We conclude that these are exactly the rings of algebraic numbers over which there are finitely many non‐zero frieze patterns for any given height. We then show that apart from the cases all non‐zero frieze patterns over the rings of integers for have only integral entries and hence are known as (twisted) Conway–Coxeter frieze patterns.
Cognition is selectively impaired in males with spinal pain: A retrospective analysis of data from the Longitudinal Study of Ageing Danish Twins
Authors: Byfield David C. , Stacey Benjamin S. , Bailey Damian M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCognitive decline and spinal pain (back pain [BP] and neck pain [NP]) represent a major public health challenge, yet the potential relationship between them remains elusive. A retrospective analysis of the Longitudinal Study of Ageing Danish Twins was performed to determine any potential relationships between BP/NP and cognitive function adjusting for age, sex, educational and socioeconomic status. A total of 4731 adults (2788 females/1943 males) aged 78 ± 6 (SD) years were included in the analysis. We observed a 1‐month prevalence of 25% with BP, 21% with NP and 11% for combined BP/NP. While there were no differences in cognition scores for males and females reporting combined BP/NP, compared to those without combined BP/NP (34.38 points [95% confidence interval (CI) = 31.88, 36.88] vs. 35.72 points [95% CI = 35.19, 36.26]; P = 0.180; and 35.72 points [95% CI = 35.19, 36.26] vs. 35.85 points [95% CI = 35.39, 36.31]; P = 0.327; for male and females, respectively), an adjusted analysis revealed that males with combined BP/NP presented with lower cognitive scores compared to males without combined BP/NP (81.26 points [95% CI = 73.80, 88.72] vs. 79.48 points [95% CI = 70.31, 88.66]; P = 0.043). The findings of this hypothesis‐generating study may highlight a potential sex‐specific association between spinal pain and later‐life neurodegeneration.
In vivo treatment with calcilytic of CaSR knock‐in mice ameliorates renal phenotype reversing downregulation of the vasopressin‐AQP2 pathway
Authors: Ranieri Marianna , Angelini Ines , D'Agostino Mariagrazia , Di Mise Annarita , Centrone Mariangela , Venneri Maria , Ferrulli Angela , Mastrodonato Maria , Tamma Grazia , Endo Itsuro , Fukumoto Seiji , Matsumoto Toshio , Valenti Giovanna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh concentrations of urinary calcium counteract vasopressin action via the activation of the Calcium‐Sensing Receptor (CaSR) expressed in the luminal membrane of the collecting duct cells, which impairs the trafficking of aquaporin‐2 (AQP2). In line with these findings, we provide evidence that, with respect to wild‐type mice, CaSR knock‐in (KI) mice mimicking autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia, display a significant decrease in the total content of AQP2 associated with significantly higher levels of AQP2 phosphorylation at Ser261, a phosphorylation site involved in AQP2 degradation. Interestingly, KI mice also had significantly higher levels of phosphorylated p38MAPK, a downstream effector of CaSR and known to phosphorylate AQP2 at Ser261. Moreover, ATF1 phosphorylated at Ser63, a transcription factor downstream of p38MAPK, was significantly higher in KI. In addition, KI mice had significantly higher levels of AQP2‐targeting miRNA137 consistent with a post‐transcriptional downregulation of AQP2. In vivo treatment of KI mice with the calcilytic JTT‐305, a CaSR antagonist, increased AQP2 expression and reduced AQP2‐targeting miRNA137 levels in KI mice. Together, these results provide direct evidence for a critical role of CaSR in impairing both short‐term vasopressin response by increasing AQP2‐pS261, as well as AQP2 abundance, via the p38MAPK‐ATF1‐miR137 pathway.
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Key points
Calcium‐Sensing Receptor (CaSR) activating mutations are the main cause of autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH) characterized by inappropriate renal calcium excretion leading to hypocalcaemia and hypercalciuria. Current treatments of ADH patients with parathyroid hormone, although improving hypocalcaemia, do not improve hypercalciuria or nephrocalcinosis.
In vivo treatment with calcilytic JTT‐305/MK‐5442 ameliorates most of the ADH phenotypes of the CaSR knock‐in mice including hypercalciuria or nephrocalcinosis and reverses the downregulation of the vasopressin‐sensitive aquaporin‐2 (AQP2) expression, providing direct evidence for a critical role of CaSR in impairing vasopressin response.
The beneficial effect of calcilytic in reducing the risk of renal calcification may occur in a parathyroid hormone‐independent action through vasopressin‐dependent inhibition of cAMP synthesis in the thick ascending limb and in the collecting duct.
The amelioration of most of the abnormalities in calcium metabolism including hypercalciuria, renal calcification, and AQP2‐mediated osmotic water reabsorption makes calcilytic a good candidate as a novel therapeutic agent for ADH.
Hormonal intrauterine devices and heat exchange during exercise
Authors: Kirby Nathalie V. , Meade Robert D. , Richards Brodie J. , Notley Sean R. , Kenny Glen P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSynthetic progestins in oral contraceptives are thought to blunt heat dissipation by reducing skin blood flow and sweating. However, whether progestin‐releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs) modulate heat loss during exercise‐heat stress is unknown. We used direct calorimetry to measure whole‐body total (dry + evaporative) heat loss in young, physically active women (mean (SD); aged 24 (4) years, 39.3 (5.3) ml/kg/min) with (IUD; n = 19) and without (Control; n = 17) IUDs in the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle during light‐ and moderate‐intensity exercise at fixed rates of heat production (∼175 and ∼275 W/m2) in 30°C, ∼21% relative humidity. Between‐group and ‐phase differences were evaluated using traditional hypothesis testing and statistical equivalence testing within pre‐determined bounds (±11 W/m2; difference required to elicit a ±0.3°C difference in core temperature over 1 h) in each exercise bout. Whole‐body total heat loss was statistically equivalent between groups within ±11 W m−2 (IUD–Control [90% CIs]; Light: −2 [−8, 5] W/m2, P = 0.007; Moderate: 0 [−6, 6] W/m2, P = 0.002), as were dry and evaporative heat loss (P ≤ 0.023), except for evaporative heat loss during moderate‐intensity exercise (equivalence: P = 0.063, difference: P = 0.647). Whole‐body total and evaporative heat loss were not different between phases (P ≥ 0.267), but dry heat loss was 3 [95% CIs: 1, 5] W/m2 greater in the luteal phase (P ≤ 0.022). Despite this, all whole‐body heat loss outcomes were equivalent between phases (P ≤ 0.003). These findings expand our understanding of the factors that modulate heat exchange in women and provide valuable mechanistic insight of the role of endogenous and exogenous female sex hormones in thermoregulation.
imageKey points
Progestin released by hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs) may negatively impact heat dissipation during exercise by blunting skin blood flow and sweating. However, the influence of IUDs on thermoregulation has not previously been assessed.
We used direct calorimetry to show that IUD users and non‐users display statistically equivalent whole‐body dry and evaporative heat loss, body heat storage and oesophageal temperature during moderate‐ and high‐intensity exercise in a warm, dry environment, indicating that IUDs do not appear to compromise exercise thermoregulation.
However, within IUD users and non‐users, dry heat loss was increased and body heat storage and oesophageal temperature were reduced in the luteal compared to the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, though these effects were small and unlikely to be practically meaningful.
Together, these findings expand our understanding of the factors that modulate heat exchange in women and have important practical implications for the design of future studies of exercise thermoregulation.
ADNEX risk prediction model for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of external validation studies
Authors: Barreñada Lasai , Ledger Ashleigh , Dhiman Paula , Collins Gary , Wynants Laure , Verbakel Jan Y , Timmerman Dirk , Valentin Lil , Van Calster Ben 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review of studies externally validating the ADNEX (Assessment of Different Neoplasias in the adnexa) model for diagnosis of ovarian cancer and to present a meta-analysis of its performance.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of external validation studiesData sourcesMedline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Europe PMC, from 15 October 2014 to 15 May 2023.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesAll external validation studies of the performance of ADNEX, with any study design and any study population of patients with an adnexal mass. Two independent reviewers extracted the data. Disagreements were resolved by discussion. Reporting quality of the studies was scored with the TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis) reporting guideline, and methodological conduct and risk of bias with PROBAST (Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool). Random effects meta-analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity at the 10% risk of malignancy threshold, and net benefit and relative utility at the 10% risk of malignancy threshold were performed.Results47 studies (17 007 tumours) were included, with a median study sample size of 261 (range 24-4905). On average, 61% of TRIPOD items were reported. Handling of missing data, justification of sample size, and model calibration were rarely described. 91% of validations were at high risk of bias, mainly because of the unexplained exclusion of incomplete cases, small sample size, or no assessment of calibration. The summary AUC to distinguish benign from malignant tumours in patients who underwent surgery was 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.92 to 0.94, 95% prediction interval 0.85 to 0.98) for ADNEX with the serum biomarker, cancer antigen 125 (CA125), as a predictor (9202 tumours, 43 centres, 18 countries, and 21 studies) and 0.93 (95% confidence interval 0.91 to 0.94, 95% prediction interval 0.85 to 0.98) for ADNEX without CA125 (6309 tumours, 31 centres, 13 countries, and 12 studies). The estimated probability that the model has use clinically in a new centre was 95% (with CA125) and 91% (without CA125). When restricting analysis to studies with a low risk of bias, summary AUC values were 0.93 (with CA125) and 0.91 (without CA125), and estimated probabilities that the model has use clinically were 89% (with CA125) and 87% (without CA125).ConclusionsThe results of the meta-analysis indicated that ADNEX performed well in distinguishing between benign and malignant tumours in populations from different countries and settings, regardless of whether the serum biomarker, CA125, was used as a predictor. A key limitation was that calibration was rarely assessed.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022373182.
All-cause and suicide mortalities among adolescents and young adults who contacted specialised gender identity services in Finland in 1996–2019: a register study
Authors: Ruuska Sami-Matti , Tuisku Katinka , Holttinen Timo , Kaltiala Riittakerttu 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundAll-cause and suicide mortalities of gender-referred adolescents compared with matched controls have not been studied, and particularly the role of psychiatric morbidity in mortality is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine all-cause and suicide mortalities in gender-referred adolescents and the impact of psychiatric morbidity on mortality.MethodsFinnish nationwide cohort of all <23 year-old gender-referred adolescents in 1996–2019 (n=2083) and 16 643 matched controls. Cox regression models with HRs and 95% CIs were used to analyse all-cause and suicide mortalities.FindingsOf the 55 deaths in the study population, 20 (36%) were suicides. In bivariate analyses, all-cause mortality did not statistically significantly differ between gender-referred adolescents and controls (0.5% vs 0.3%); however, the proportion of suicides was higher in the gender-referred group (0.3% vs 0.1%). The all-cause mortality rate among gender-referred adolescents (controls) was 0.81 per 1000 person-years (0.40 per 1000 person-years), and the suicide mortality rate was 0.51 per 1000 person-years (0.12 per 1000 person-years). However, when specialist-level psychiatric treatment was controlled for, neither all-cause nor suicide mortality differed between the two groups: HR for all-cause mortality among gender-referred adolescents was 1.0 (95% CI 0.5 to 2.0) and for suicide mortality was 1.8 (95% CI 0.6 to 4.8).ConclusionsClinical gender dysphoria does not appear to be predictive of all-cause nor suicide mortality when psychiatric treatment history is accounted for.Clinical implicationsIt is of utmost importance to identify and appropriately treat mental disorders in adolescents experiencing gender dysphoria to prevent suicide.
Cost-effectiveness of the ONCORAL multidisciplinary programme for the management of outpatients taking oral anticancer agents at risk of drug-related event: protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled study
Authors: Huot Laure , Guerre Pascale , Descotes Guillaume , Caffin Anne-Gaëlle , Herledan Chloé , Ranchon Florence , Rioufol Catherine 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe development of oral anticancer agents (OAA) has profoundly changed cancer care, leading patients to manage their chemotherapy treatment on an outpatient basis. The prevention of iatrogenic effects of OAA remains a major concern, especially since their side effects are not less serious than those of intravenous chemotherapy. The ONCORAL programme was set up to secure the management of OAA in cancer patients followed at the Lyon University Hospital. This multidisciplinary programme involves hospital pharmacists, nurses, oncologists, and haematologists, as well as community health professionals. Given the economic stakes that this programme entails for the health system, a medico-economic study was designed.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective controlled study, with individual open-label randomisation. A total of 216 outpatients treated with OAA and at risk of developing a drug-related iatrogenic event, will be randomised (2:1) to undergo follow-up in the ONCORAL programme or usual care. The primary outcome will be the estimation of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (difference in total costs per quality adjusted life years gained) at 12 months between the two groups. The secondary outcomes will be evaluation of OAA management consequences (relative-dose intensity, adherence, adverse drug events, drug–drug interactions, and proven medication errors), evaluation of overall survival and cancer-related quality of life, and patient-reported outcomes in relation to the treatment. A budget impact analysis will be implemented. Patient and health professional satisfaction regarding the ONCORAL programme will be measured.Ethics and disseminationApproval to conduct this study was obtained from an Ethics Committee (Comité de Protection des Personnes Ile-de-France VI) in October 2019, and from the French data protection agency (Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés), according to the French Law. Trial results will be disseminated at clinical conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registrationNCT03660670.
Nudging towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccination uptake in medically at-risk children: EPIC study protocol of randomised controlled trials in Australian paediatric outpatient clinics
Authors: Wang Bing , Andraweera Prabha , Danchin Margaret , Blyth Christopher C , Vlaev Ivo , Ong Jason , Dodd Jodie M , Couper Jennifer , Sullivan Thomas R , Karnon Jonathan , Spurrier Nicola , Cusack Michael , Mordaunt Dylan , Simatos Dimi , Dekker Gustaaf , Carlson Samantha , Tuckerman Jane , Wood Nicholas , Whop Lisa J , Marshall Helen 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionChildren with chronic medical diseases are at an unacceptable risk of hospitalisation and death from influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Over the past two decades, behavioural scientists have learnt how to design non-coercive ‘nudge’ interventions to encourage positive health behaviours. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of multicomponent nudge interventions on the uptake of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines in medically at-risk children.Methods and analysesTwo separate randomised controlled trials (RCTs), each with 1038 children, will enrol a total of approximately 2076 children with chronic medical conditions who are attending tertiary hospitals in South Australia, Western Australia and Victoria. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to the standard care or intervention group. The nudge intervention in each RCT will consist of three text message reminders with four behavioural nudges including (1) social norm messages, (2) different messengers through links to short educational videos from a paediatrician, medically at-risk child and parent and nurse, (3) a pledge to have their child or themselves vaccinated and (4) information salience through links to the current guidelines and vaccine safety information. The primary outcome is the proportion of medically at-risk children who receive at least one dose of vaccine within 3 months of randomisation. Logistic regression analysis will be performed to determine the effect of the intervention on the probability of vaccination uptake.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol and study documents have been reviewed and approved by the Women’s and Children’s Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/22/WCHN/2022/00082). The results will be published via peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings and public forums.Trial registration numberNCT05613751.
Weight stigma and allostatic load in adults: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Cassiani-Miranda Carlos Arturo , Díaz Rincón Maritza , Arroyo-Gamero Leonar Antonio , Giraldo-Barrios Luis Gabriel , Carmona-Meza Zenen 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionWeight-related stigma (WS) has been associated with adverse psychosocial and physical health effects. Despite the relationship between WS and allostatic load, there are no integrative reviews of this association. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between allostatic load biomarkers associated with WS by identifying gaps in this topic and proposing recommendations for future research.Methods and analysisThis protocol was guided by the methodological framework of Arksey and O'Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The research questions were based on the population–concept–context framework. Studies in adults diagnosed as overweight or obese, exposed to WS and assessing the association between WS and biomarkers of allostatic load will be included. A search will be conducted in Medline (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus (Elsevier), Cochrane Library (Wiley) and Google Scholar. The search strategy will be conducted in three stages, based on the JBI recommendation with the MESH terms “Social Stigma,” “Weight Prejudice,” “Biomarkers,” “Allostasis,” “Adults” and related terms. Data extraction will be done with a template adapted from JBI. The search strategy and selection process results will be presented in a flow chart and summarised in the text. The main results will be presented in a descriptive synthesis.Ethics and disseminationEthics review and approval are not required. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conferences, congresses or symposia.