bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of plasma concentration and sedative effect of sublingual and intranasal dexmedetomidine in children: A double‐blind randomised controlled study
Authors: Khan Armanullah , Sinha Renu , Kumar Kanil Ranjith , Velpandian Trimurty , Maitra Souvik , Ray Bikash Ranjan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPharmacokinetics and sedative effects of sublingual dexmedetomidine have not been established in children. The primary aim was to compare peak plasma concentration, time to reach peak plasma concentration and area under the curve with 2 μg/kg sublingual and intranasal dexmedetomidine. The secondary aims were to compare the depth of sedation, parental separation anxiety, mask acceptance, heart rate changes, analgesic requirements and recovery time with 2 μg/kg sublingual and intranasal dexmedetomidine in children.MethodThirty children between 2 and 12 years, weighing 10–30 kg, scheduled for surgeries were divided into two groups. Thirty minutes before the induction of anaesthesia, children were premedicated with 2 μg/kg dexmedetomidine either by intranasal drops (Group N) or sublingual wafer (Group S). Five venous blood samples were collected to measure dexmedetomidine plasma concentrations at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 120 min from dexmedetomidine administration. Sedation, parental separation anxiety, mask acceptance and heart rate were recorded. Recovery, pain and fentanyl requirements were assessed.ResultsDemographic data was comparable. Median interquartile range (IQR) dexmedetomidine peak plasma concentration in Group N (0.764 [0.650–0.820]) ng/mL was significantly higher than in Group S (0.593 [0.364–0.754]) ng/mL (p = .014). Plasma concentration was significantly higher at 30 and 45 min in Group N as compared to Group S (p < .05). The median (IQR) time to reach peak plasma concentration was shorter in Group N (45 [45–120]) minutes than in Group S (60 [45–60]) minutes, (p = .814). The median (IQR) area under the concentration–time curve was significantly higher in Group N (1.062 [0.848–1.20]) ng/mL.h in comparison to Group S (0.866 [0.520–1.05]) ng/mL.h (p = .031). Comparable sedation was achieved at 25 min in both groups. No child required treatment for decreased heart rate. Parental separation anxiety, mask acceptance, recovery and analgesic requirements were comparable.ConclusionsIntranasal 2 μg/kg dexmedetomidine resulted in significantly higher peak plasma concentration and time to reach peak plasma concentration than sublingual wafers. Sublingual and intranasal dexmedetomidine resulted in comparable sedation, parental separation and mask acceptance.Editorial CommentThis study compared the pharmacokinetics and sedative effects of sublingual versus intranasal dexmedetomidine in children, finding that intranasal administration resulted in significantly higher peak plasma concentration and faster time to peak concentration. Both routes achieved comparable sedation, parental separation anxiety scores and mask acceptance, with no significant adverse effects observed.
Trends in tricyclic antidepressant prescribing and poisoning in England and Wales 2016–2020
Authors: Gray Laurence , Beddard Michael , Jones Stephen , Begum Asiyah , Azhar Noraini B. , Deslandes Paul , Coulson James , Bradberry Sally , Sandilands Euan A. , Thanacoody Ruben H. , Ivory Matthew O. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsTricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly prescribed despite no longer being a NICE‐recommended first‐line treatment for depression and their recognized toxicity in overdose. This study examined prescribing, mortality, hospital admissions and clinical TCA data to quantify the use and impact of TCAs in England and Wales.MethodsPrimary care prescription data for the eight TCAs currently licensed in England and Wales were analysed alongside hospital admission and mortality data relating to TCAs over the study period (January 2016–December 2020 inclusive). Monthly Toxbase™ accesses regarding TCAs during the study period for each TCA were quantified. National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) enquiry data involving TCA exposure were obtained and patient demographics, circumstance, dose ingested and poisoning severity were analysed.ResultsEnglish and Welsh mean monthly TCA prescriptions per 100 000 people significantly increased during the study period, both driven by amitriptyline 10 mg tablets (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.49–4.59 and 6.36–7.92, respectively). Deaths from poisoning where a TCA was mentioned on the death certificate fell. Toxbase™ accesses increased for amitriptyline and nortriptyline but decreased for all other TCAs. NPIS telephone enquiries relating to TCAs decreased. Hospital admission data did not demonstrate an increase in admissions related to TCAs.ConclusionsReduced TCA poisoning mortality in England and Wales was seen despite increased dispensing of TCAs in both nations. The prescribing of low‐dose amitriptyline formulations was associated with increased consultation with Toxbase™ but not increased hospital admissions or NPIS enquiries, suggesting a fall in TCA poisoning severity resulting from their changing pattern of usage.
TRPC6 suppresses liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation via CaMK4‐CREB pathway
Authors: Jiang Shan , Wang Yujing , Ren Younan , Tang Qinglian , Xue Chu , Wang Zhi , Zhang Qi , Hu Yixin , Wang Hongbo , Zhao Fang , Zhu Michael X. , Cao Zhengyu 
Published: January 2025

Background and PurposeGenetic ablation or inhibition of the cation channel TRPC6 is protective against renal, cardiac and intestinal fibrosis. However, TRPC6 expression is decreased in patients with liver diseases. Here, we explored the role of TRPC6 in liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanism.Experimental ApproachBile duct ligation and thioacetamide gavage were used to model liver fibrosis in C57BL/6J mice. Western blotting, immunolabelling and qPCR were employed for protein and mRNA expression. Liver injury/fibrosis were assessed using serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase assays, haematoxylin–eosin, Masson and Sirius red staining. Adenoviruses were used to overexpress TRPC6 and CREB1Y134F. ChIP and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were performed to test the direct inhibition of Acta2 transcription by CREB.Key ResultsTRPC6 protein levels were decreased in fibrotic liver tissues from both patients and mice, with the decrease being more robust in fibrotic areas. In hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), TRPC6 ablation aggravated liver injury and fibrosis, which was alleviated by overexpressing TRPC6. In primary cultured HSCs, deletion of TRPC6 exacerbated self‐activation of HSCs, which was reversed by restoration of TRPC6 expression. Mechanistically, TRPC6 suppressed HSC activation through CaMK4‐mediated CREB phosphorylation. CREB directly interacted with the promoter region of Acta2 to inhibit its transcription. Expression of a constitutively active form of CREB1 (CREB1Y134F) in HSCs attenuated BDL‐induced liver injury/fibrosis in TRPC6 knockout mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsDeficiency of TRPC6 aggravates liver injury/fibrosis through augmentation of HSC activation. Increasing TRPC6 expression/function would be therapeutically beneficial for fibrotic liver diseases.
Spinal ataxia and computed tomography findings in a Poitou donkey affected with congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation
Authors: Mikic M. , Frers F. , Wittenberg‐Voges L. , Hellige M. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryA 3‐year‐old Poitou donkey was referred for a computed tomography (CT) examination of the cervical spine due to acute deterioration of spinal ataxia. Neurological assessment revealed restricted neck mobility, hypermetria and circumduction of all limbs, indicating a grade 2 out of 5 ataxia. Abnormalities of the neurologic examination were most likely associated with spinal cord disease between C1 and C5. CT examination identified an asymmetric, congenital, occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM). A static extradural compression of the spinal cord secondary to the malformation was present. This case report represents an inaugural documentation of OAAM in a Poitou donkey.
Characteristics of meconium impaction/retention in newborn foals: From 2006 to 2024
Authors: Rivera Maza S. , Bishop R. C. , Austin S. M. , Foreman J. H. , Wilkins P. A. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackgroundMeconium impaction/retention is a significant cause of colic in foals. Historically, limitations of both medical and surgical treatment are noted. Outcomes of meconium impaction/retention have not recently been reported.ObjectiveTo describe case characteristics and outcomes in foals with meconium impaction/retention.Study designRetrospective, single referral hospital.MethodsMedical records from 2006 to 2024 were searched for foals ≤3 days old with a history of straining to defecate, abdominal distention, colic, weakness and/or tail flagging. Signalment, presenting complaint, treatment, outcome and comorbidities were summarised and compared between groups based on sex and survival. Associations between comorbidities and survival were evaluated by zero‐inflated Poisson regression.ResultsForty‐three foals met the inclusion criteria. Male foals dominated (30/43; 70%). All foals were managed with enemas; phosphate (11/43; 30%), water with soap/lube (25/43; 58%), not specified 9/43 (21%), multiple types (8; 19%), acetylcysteine retention (1; 2%). Forty foals (93%) survived to discharge, and three (7%) were humanely euthanised. Of surviving foals, 37/40 (93%) responded fully to medical treatment. Surgical treatment was required in 4 foals (9%); 3/4 (75%) survived. Comorbidities were common including sepsis (10/43; 23%), pneumonia (10/43; 23%), failure of passive transfer (6/43; 14%) and hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy (5/43; 12%). Non‐survivors (3/43; 7%) were euthanised due to sepsis, limb malformation and pneumonia.Main limitationsSmall sample size and low number of non‐survivors prevented meaningful statistical analysis.ConclusionMedical management of meconium impaction/retention is successful in the great majority of cases. Prognosis depends on the comorbidities present.
Performance Evaluation of Biocomposite Gears Under Fatigue and Wear: Steel Drive Gear Versus Biocomposite Drive Gear and Biocomposite Drive Gear Versus Biocomposite Gear
Authors: Hriberšek Matija , Kulovec Simon , Toubal Lotfi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTModern trends in using materials for drive applications encourage new research and solutions based on green materials. To expand the use of these materials in specific industrial environments, it is essential to understand their properties, which are determined through basic laboratory tests that simulate the product's real operation. Evaluating the performance of these materials on test specimens and real parts, such as gears, will enable precise optimization for specific applications. This paper presents systematic fatigue and wear characterization of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) reinforced with 30% birch natural wood fibers for selected gear pair cases. The results showed that using the material in combination with a drive steel gear is more desirable than using the same material in a gear pair. The calculated wear coefficient of the biobased composite is comparable to numerical values of wear coefficients for engineering polymer materials.
Evaluation of Effects of Verbal and Video‐Based Instructions on the Improvement of Oral Hygiene Status in Children: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Demirel Akif , Güçlü Hatice Selin , Güçlü Merter , Bağış Nilsun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of verbal and video‐based oral hygiene instructions (OHIs) on the improvement of the oral hygiene status (OHS) in children of different age groups in the mixed dentition period.MethodsIn total, 202 children aged 6–9 and 10–12 years (n = 101 each) were included. Before providing the OHIs, the baseline OHS was determined using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI‐S). From each age group, approximately half of the participants were randomly assigned to the verbal (n = 50 and n = 51 from the 6–9‐year and 10–12‐year age groups, respectively) or video‐based (n = 51 and n = 50 from the 6–9‐year and 10–12‐year age groups, respectively) OHI groups. Children were recalled after 30 days and post‐instruction OHI‐S were recorded. Data were analysed using Shapiro–Wilk, Mann–Whitney U, and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests. The statistical significance level was set at 5%.ResultsFor both OHI methods, no significant difference was found between the age groups in terms of the OHI‐S at both the pre‐ and post‐instruction timepoints (verbal OHIs: p = 0.354, p = 0.860 and video‐based OHIs: p = 0.174, p = 0.632, respectively). In both age groups, a significant difference was found between the baseline (pre‐) and post‐instruction OHI‐S for both OHI methods (p < 0.001); the post‐instruction OHS was found to be better than the pre‐instruction OHS. In both age groups, video‐based OHIs resulted in a significantly higher improvement in the OHS, compared with verbal OHIs (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionOHIs are effective in improving the OHS of children. In addition, video‐based education is preferable to verbal instruction for improving the OHS of children.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06449950
ICM Implantation and Remote Follow‐Up Management by Trained Nurses in Italian Hospitals: Current Practice and Nurse Feedback
Authors: Cervellione Rosario , Fetche Simona , Simoncelli Marzia , Frasnelli Paola , Vargiu Maurizio , Messina Cinzia , Contu Emanuele , Bertazzo Anna , Baccolo Eleonora , Carconi Marco , Cropanese Francesco , Spina Cristina , Montanaro Donato , Mercurio Annalisa , Facchetti Giuliana , Moltrasio Massimo , Baccillieri Stella , Mascioli Giosué , Maines Massimiliano 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThis project aimed to evaluate current practices of trained nurses performing implantable cardiac monitor (ICM) implantations and remote follow‐ups in Italy, assessing hospital protocols and nurses' perceptions.MethodsAn anonymous survey was conducted among 163 trained nurses across 75 Italian hospitals, focusing on their ICM implantation and remote monitoring practices. Data collected included hospital characteristics and protocols, barriers to implementation, and nurses' feedback on their experiences.ResultsOf the 112 respondents (69% response rate), 60% reported that nurses in their hospitals are authorized to perform ICM implantations, and 70% said that they can manage all remote monitoring tasks. Thirty‐three (29%) nurses manage all aspects of ICM patient care, including implantation, programming, enrollment in remote monitoring, training, data review, and follow‐up. Fifty‐five percent of nurses perform a part of ICM implants outside the EP/Cath lab, and for 31%, this is the primary location. 84% of implanter nurses achieved autonomy after < 10 supervised implants. More than 90% of implanter nurses consider ICM implantation rewarding and 96% find it safe and easy with the provided kit. However, only 33% and 17% of nurses had written protocols at their hospital, to guide ICM implantation and remote monitoring, respectively.ConclusionsNurse‐led ICM implantation and remote follow‐up are becoming established practices in Italy, with many nurses operating independently. Despite this progress, the absence of standard operating procedures limits the widespread adoption of these practices. Clear national and international protocols are essential to enhance nurse training, ensure safe practices, and ultimately improve patient care in ICM management.
Use of a Stylet Driven Lead With a Flexible Neck for Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Coles Sara A. , Shadrin Ilya Y. , Al‐Khatib Sana M. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Sun Albert Y. , Daubert James P. , Hegland Donald D. , Frazier‐Mills Camille G. , Pokorney Sean D. , Jackson Kevin P. , Thomas Kevin L. , Jackson Larry R. , Lewis Robert K. , Bahnson Tristram D. , Koontz Jason I. , Loring Zak , Friedman Daniel J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe majority of data on left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) are on a lumenless lead. Data on the safety and effectiveness of stylet driven leads are comparatively lacking.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 265 patients who underwent attempted LBBAP with an 7842 (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) lead in the Duke University Health System between 1/1/2020 and 9/1/2023. Outcomes of interest included post‐operative 7842 helix extension (≥2 helix rotations beyond the lead tip), complications, and lead parameters. A nested analysis of single and dual chamber LBBAP attempts was performed to compare outcomes among similar patients who underwent attempted LBBAP with the lumenless 3830 (Medtronic, Mineappolis, MN) lead.ResultsLBBAP success with 7842 was 89.8%. Characteristics were similar among patients with (n = 238) and without (n = 27) successful implants. Helix extension was evaluable for 222 of 238 successful 7842 implants. Of evaluable leads, helix extension was complete for 174 leads (78%), and partial for 48 (21.6%). A trend towards lower dislodgement rates was observed in patients with full versus partial extension (2.9% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.0895) and the rate of full helix extension increased over time (64.1% over 24 months vs. 81.4% over 21 months, p = 0.0162). The success rate of 3830 LBBAP implants (n = 140) was 92.8% (p = 0.069 vs. 7842). At implant, R waves were similar for 7842 and 3830 leads but were greater for 7842 during follow‐up (14.4 + /−0.77 vs. 11.3 + /−0.68, p = 0.004). Pacing impedances were higher with 7842 compared with 3830 at baseline (838 + /−10.44 ohms vs. 772 + /−14.58 ohms, p < 0.001) and during follow‐up (652 + /−11.0 ohms vs. 513 + /−9.18 ohms, p < 0.001); similarly, 7842 pacing thresholds (@ 0.4 ms) were slightly higher at baseline (0.85 V + /−0.03 vs. 0.68 V + /−0.03, p < 0.001) and 6 months (0.95 V + /−0.03 vs. 0.80 V + /−0.03, p < 0.001) compared with those for the lumenless 3830.ConclusionLBBAP implant success rates, complications, and pacing parameters using the 7842 lead are stable over time, and appeared overall similar to the 3830 lead. Incomplete 7842 helix extension is a modifiable risk factor for lead dislodgement.
Analysis of TNS3‐203 and LRRFIP1‐211 Transcripts as Oral Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Zeljic Katarina , Pavlovic Dunja , Stojkovic Goran , Dragicevic Sandra , Ljubicic Jelena , Todorovic Nikola , Nikolic Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionA recent pan‐cancer transcriptome analysis indicated differential activity of alternative promoters of genes TNS3 and LRRFIP1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma compared to non‐cancerous tissue. The promoters upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma regulate expression of transcripts TNS3‐203 and LRRFIP1‐211.ObjectiveOur aim was to investigate the biomarker potential of TNS3‐203 and LRRFIP1‐211 transcripts in oral cancer, the most common type of head and neck cancer.Materials and MethodsAn in silico approach was used to characterize the promoters and transcripts of interest. Relative expression of TNS3‐203 and LRRFIP1‐211 transcripts was evaluated by qRT‐PCR in a group of 46 oral cancer patients in samples of cancer and adjacent non‐cancerous tissue.ResultsTNS3‐203 was significantly overexpressed in oral cancer compared with matched non‐cancerous tissue, so this transcript can potentially be used as a diagnostic biomarker. There were no differences in LRRFIP1‐211 level between analyzed tissues. None of the investigated transcripts has prognostic potential in oral cancer.ConclusionThe results obtained indicate the diagnostic potential of TNS3‐203, but not LRRFIP1‐211 transcript and its role in oral carcinogenesis.
Registered index‐linked annuities in qualified retirement plans
Authors: Ellis Cameron , Moenig Thorsten , Volkman‐Wise Jacqueline 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMany Americans remain financially underprepared for retirement. While automatic enrollment in employer‐sponsored retirement plans has helped, target‐date funds (TDFs) used as default investments have limitations. We propose target‐date registered index‐linked annuities (TD‐RILAs) as a transparent, cost‐effective alternative providing decreasing equity exposure over time. A theoretical analysis explores TD‐RILAs' optimal structure and compares them to TDFs. A lab experiment examines investors' preferences, product transparency, default choices, and the role of information. We find that TD‐RILAs are a suitable addition to retirement plans, potentially rivaling TDFs.
Editorial: The Writing Realities Framework and new directions in writing research, instruction and learning
Authors: Young Ross , Ferguson Felicity , Kaufman Douglas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Writing Realities Framework, developed by Young, Ferguson, Kaufman and Govender (2022), provides a robust structure for understanding and developing writing pedagogies which can empower all young people to express their unique perspectives, cultural capital and lived experiences through writing. It supports a more community‐focused and identity‐affirming approach to writing instruction. This special issue presents a collection of articles that have engaged with this theoretical framework in diverse and thought‐provoking ways, highlighting the key themes of writer‐identity, critical literacies, culturally sustaining pedagogy, multiliteracies, translanguaging and intertextuality The collection emphasises the range and complexity of educators' and young people's writing practices, encouraging scholars, policymakers and teachers to consider new ways of framing their research and practice.
Serotonin Receptors Polymorphisms Are Associated With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
Authors: Binienda Agata , Salaga Maciej , Patel Milan , Włodarczyk Jakub , Fichna Jakub , Venkatesan Thangam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by sudden, recurrent episodes of severe nausea and vomiting. The pathophysiology of CVS is not known but genetic factors that regulate emetic neurocircuitry have been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different variations in genes encoding serotonin receptors (HTRs) are associated with susceptibility to CVS and/or CVS symptoms.MethodsThis case–control study included 70 patients with CVS:16 male and 54 female, and 2504 healthy controls from the 1000 Genomes Project database. Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding serotonin receptors (HTR1B, HTR1D, HTR3B and HTR3C) and correlations between SNPs and the symptoms of CVS were determined.Key ResultsOur study discovered that patients with GG, AA and GG genotypes of HTR1B/D rs6296, rs6298 and rs6300, respectively, as well as the CC genotype of HTR3B rs176744 are associated with an increased risk (p < 0.001), whereas allele C in rs3788987 (HTR3B, p < 0.01) and allele A in rs6766410 (HTR3C, p < 0.05) were associated with a decreased risk of CVS. In addition, statistical analysis indicated that CVS patients with GA or AA genotypes of HTR1D rs676643 gene have a seven‐fold increase in risk of depression compared to patients with GG genotype (p < 0.01).Conclusions and InferencesOur study revealed for the first time that variations in 5‐HTR genes may contribute to CVS susceptibility and CVS‐related symptoms.