bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting up and managing the largest COVID-19 mass vaccination center in Lombardy, Italy
Authors: Calegari Jessica Graziella , Bisesti Alberto , Pazzaglia Silvia , Gambazza Simone , Binda Filippo , Bruno Martina , Chiappa Laura , Piatti Alessandra , Tiwana Navpreet , Letzgus Matteo , Castaldi Silvana , Sottocorno Marcello , Laquintana Dario 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundThe rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was met with the rollout of vaccination campaigns at mass vaccination centers. The Palazzo delle Scintille, Milan, was designated by the Lombardy regional administration as a vaccination site with the target of processing about 9,000 users daily.MethodsFor this observational study, we compared data on vaccinations delivered at the Palazzo delle Scintille with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related regional data.ResultsBetween 25 April 2021 and 28 February 2023, a total of 1,885,822 COVID-19 doses were administered; the mean hourly rate was 289 (247.2), the mean daily rate was 3185.5 (3104.5), the mean user age was 49.5 years (10.7). The Comirnaty vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) was most often given (1,072,030/1,885,822; 56.8%). Between 4 December 2021 and 15 January 2022, the daily dose rate was above the maximum daily capacity set by the regional administration.ConclusionThe trend for daily dose rates administered at the Palazzo delle Scintille center was in line with COVID-19-related regional data. The center played a major role in the regional mass vaccination campaign.
Daytime napping, biological aging and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Chinese: insights from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Authors: Wu Huiyi , Huang Lei , Zhang Shushan , Zhang Yang , Lan Yajia 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveThe complicated association of daytime napping, biological aging and cognitive function remains inconclusive. We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of daytime napping and two aging measures with cognition and to examine whether napping affects cognition through a more advanced state of aging.MethodsData was collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Napping was self-reported. We calculated two published biological aging measures: Klemera and Doubal biological age (KDM-BA) and physiological dysregulation (PD), which derived information from clinical biomarkers. Cognitive z-scores were calculated at each wave. Linear mixed models were used to explore the longitudinal association between napping, two aging measures, and cognitive decline. Mediation analyses were performed to assess the mediating effects of biological age acceleration on the association between napping and cognition.ResultsParticipants aged over 45 years were included in the analyses. Non-nappers had greater KDM-BA and PD [LS means (LSM) = 0.255, p = 0.007; LSM = 0.085, p = 0.011] and faster cognitive decline (LSM = −0.061, p = 0.005)compared to moderate nappers (30–90 min/nap). KDM-BA (β = −0.007, p = 0.018) and PD (β = −0.034, p &lt; 0.001) showed a negative association with overall cognitive z scores. KDM-BA and PD partially mediated the effect of napping on cognition.ConclusionIn middle-aged and older Chinese, compared to moderate nappers, non-nappers seem to experience a more advanced state of aging and increased rates of cognitive decline. The aging status possibly mediates the association between napping and cognition. Moderate napping shows promise in promoting healthy aging and reducing the burden of cognitive decline in Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
Does artificial intelligence kill employment growth: the missing link of corporate AI posture
Authors: Bughin Jacques 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionAn intense debate has been on-going about how artificial intelligence (AI) technology investments have an impact on employment. The debate has often focused on the potential of AI for human task automation, omitting the strategic incentive for firms to cooperate with their workers as to exploit AI technologies for the most relevant benefit of new product and service innovation.MethodWe calibrate an empirical probit regression model of how changes in employment relate to AI diffusion, based on formalizing a game-theoretical model of a firm exploiting the twin role of AI innovation and AI automation for both absolute and competitive advantage.ResultsThe theoretical game-theory prediction is that employment following AI technology adoption is not negative, and ultimately depends on how AI leads to new success in innovation, competition which defines the competitive reward of innovation and profit sharing between workers and firms. Our estimation, is based on a global survey of 3,000 large companies across 10 countries, demonstrates that a firm employment growth depends on two strategic postures, that is, the firm relative maturity of AI adoption as well as its relative bias toward AI-based product innovation.DiscussionThe contribution of this research is to highlight the twin role of firm and workers in shaping how technology will affect employment. AI in particular marries the potential of task automation with even more potential for expansion.
Hypoxia within subcutaneously implanted macroencapsulation devices limits the viability and functionality of densely loaded islets
Authors: Einstein Samuel A. , Steyn Leah V. , Weegman Bradley P. , Suszynski Thomas M. , Sambanis Athanassios , O’Brien Timothy D. , Avgoustiniatos Efstathios S. , Firpo Meri T. , Graham Melanie L. , Janecek Jody , Eberly Lynn E. , Garwood Michael , Putnam Charles W. , Papas Klearchos K. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionSubcutaneous macroencapsulation devices circumvent disadvantages of intraportal islet therapy. However, a curative dose of islets within reasonably sized devices requires dense cell packing. We measured internal PO2 of implanted devices, mathematically modeled oxygen availability within devices and tested the predictions with implanted devices containing densely packed human islets.MethodsPartial pressure of oxygen (PO2) within implanted empty devices was measured by noninvasive 19F-MRS. A mathematical model was constructed, predicting internal PO2, viability and functionality of densely packed islets as a function of external PO2. Finally, viability was measured by oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in day 7 explants loaded at various islet densities.ResultsIn empty devices, PO2 was 12 mmHg or lower, despite successful external vascularization. Devices loaded with human islets implanted for 7 days, then explanted and assessed by OCR confirmed trends proffered by the model but viability was substantially lower than predicted. Co-localization of insulin and caspase-3 immunostaining suggested that apoptosis contributed to loss of beta cells.DiscussionMeasured PO2 within empty devices declined during the first few days post-transplant then modestly increased with neovascularization around the device. Viability of islets is inversely related to islet density within devices.
Extended soil surface drying triggered by subsurface drip irrigation decouples carbon and nitrogen cycles and alters microbiome composition
Authors: Griffin-LaHue Deirdre , Wang Daoyuan , Gaudin Amélie C. M. , Durbin-Johnson Blythe , Settles Matthew L. , Scow Kate M. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionIrrigation management dramatically alters soil water availability and distribution and could impact soil microbial communities and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling to an even greater degree than observed in rainfed systems. Adoption of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) in California’s Mediterranean agroecosystems provides agronomic benefits but wets only a portion of the soil volume near the root zone, leaving the rest dry throughout the growing season. In contrast, traditional furrow irrigation (FI) has periodic wetting events with more homogenous moisture distribution. With conversion to precision irrigation methods, how will the microbiome respond to changes moisture availability, and how is their response influenced by soil C and N resource levels?MethodsIn a field experiment in California, we compared SDI and FI’s effects on microbial communities and evaluated how long-term organic and conventional management systems impact outcomes. Throughout the growing season, soil samples were collected at two depths (0-15, 15-30 cm) and three distances from bed center (10, 25, 45 cm) where the drip tape is located.ResultsAt harvest, soils irrigated using SDI had lower microbial biomass C (MBC) than under FI at the surface and showed a build-up of soluble C and N relative to MBC at the bed edge, indicating reduced microbial uptake. Community composition at the bed edge also diverged between SDI and FI, favoring Actinobacteria in the former and Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes in the latter. Regardless of irrigation type, dry areas of the bed had the highest alpha diversity indices. Response to SDI was similar in organic and conventional systems, though organic had higher MBC, DOC, and relative abundance of Proteobacteria and fungal lipids, regardless of irrigation.DiscussionProlonged dry conditions in SDI appeared to limit microbial access to resources and changed community composition. As seen in non-agricultural systems, the severity and frequency of moisture changes, adaptation of the communities, and resource availability affect microbial response. Decoupling of C and N pools in dry surface soils under SDI may increase the potential for losses of DOC and nitrate with the first winter rains in this Mediterranean climate.
Mining toxicogenomic data for dose-responsive pathways: implications in advancing next-generation risk assessment
Authors: Barutcu A. Rasim , Black Michael B. , Nong Andy 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: While targeted investigation of key toxicity pathways has been instrumental for biomarker discovery, unbiased and holistic analysis of transcriptomic data provides a complementary systems-level perspective. However, in a systematic context, this approach has yet to receive comprehensive and methodical implementation.Methods: Here, we took an integrated bioinformatic approach by re-analyzing publicly available MCF7 cell TempO-seq data for 44 ToxCast chemicals using an alternative pipeline to demonstrate the power of this approach. The original study has focused on analyzing the gene signature approach and comparing them to in vitro biological pathway altering concentrations determined from ToxCast HTS assays. Our workflow, in comparison, involves sequential differential expression, gene set enrichment, benchmark dose modeling, and identification of commonly perturbed pathways by network visualization.Results: Using this approach, we identified dose-responsive molecular changes, biological pathways, and points of departure in an untargeted manner. Critically, benchmark dose modeling based on pathways recapitulated points of departure for apical endpoints, while also revealing additional perturbed mechanisms missed by single endpoint analyses.Discussion: This systems-toxicology approach provides multifaceted insights into the complex effects of chemical exposures. Our work highlights the importance of unbiased data-driven techniques, alongside targeted methods, for comprehensively evaluating molecular initiating events, dose-response relationships, and toxicity pathways. Overall, integrating omics assays with robust bioinformatics holds promise for improving chemical risk assessment and advancing new approach methodologies (NAMs).
TFIIB-Related Protein BRP5/PTF2 Is Required for Both Male and Female Gametogenesis and for Grain Formation in Rice
Authors: Chen Guangna , Hu Hongliang , Chen Xinhui , Chen Jialuo , Wang Siyi , Ning He , Zhu Cheng , Yang Su 
Published: November 2023

Transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) is a general transcription factor for RNA polymerase II, exerting its influence across various biological contexts. In the majority of eukaryotes, TFIIB typically has two homologs, serving as general transcription factors for RNA polymerase I and III. In plants, however, the TFIIB-related protein family has expanded greatly, with 14 and 9 members in Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. BRP5/pollen-expressed transcription factor 2 (PTF2) proteins belong to a subfamily of TFIIB-related proteins found only in plants and algae. The prior analysis of an Arabidopsis atbrp5 mutant, characterized by a T-DNA insertion at the 5′ untranslated region, demonstrated the essential role of BRP5/PTF2 during the process of pollen germination and embryogenesis in Arabidopsis. Using a rice transformation system based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we have generated transgenic rice plants containing loss-of-function frameshift mutations in the BRP5/PTF2 gene. Unlike in the Arabidopsis atbrp5 mutant, the brp5/ptf2 frameshift mutations were not transmitted to progeny in rice, indicating an essential role of BRP5/PTF2 in both male and female gamete development or viability. The silencing of rice BRP5/PTF2 expression through RNA interference (RNAi) had little effect on vegetative growth and panicle formation but strongly affected pollen development and grain formation. Genetic analysis revealed that strong RNAi silencing of rice BRP5/PTF2 was still transmissible to progeny almost exclusively through female gametes, as found in the Arabidopsis atbrp5 knockdown mutant. Thus, reduced rice BRP5/PTF2 expression impacted pollen preferentially by interfering with male gamete development or viability. Drawing upon these findings, we posit that BRP5/PTF2 assumes a distinct and imperative function in the realm of plant sexual reproduction.
Nanopore-Sequencing Metabarcoding for Identification of Phytopathogenic and Endophytic Fungi in Olive (Olea europaea) Twigs
Authors: Theologidis Ioannis , Karamitros Timokratis , Vichou Aikaterini-Eleni , Kizis Dimosthenis 
Published: November 2023

Metabarcoding approaches for the identification of plant disease pathogens and characterization of plant microbial populations constitute a rapidly evolving research field. Fungal plant diseases are of major phytopathological concern; thus, the development of metabarcoding approaches for the detection of phytopathogenic fungi is becoming increasingly imperative in the context of plant disease prognosis. We developed a multiplex metabarcoding method for the identification of fungal phytopathogens and endophytes in olive young shoots, using the MinION sequencing platform (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Selected fungal-specific primers were used to amplify three different genomic DNA loci (ITS, beta-tubulin, and 28S LSU) originating from olive twigs. A multiplex metabarcoding approach was initially evaluated using healthy olive twigs, and further assessed with naturally infected olive twig samples. Bioinformatic analysis of basecalled reads was carried out using MinKNOW, BLAST+ and R programming, and results were also evaluated using the BugSeq cloud platform. Data analysis highlighted the approaches based on ITS and their combination with beta-tubulin as the most informative ones according to diversity estimations. Subsequent implementation of the method on symptomatic samples identified major olive pathogens and endophytes including genera such as Cladosporium, Didymosphaeria, Paraconiothyrium, Penicillium, Phoma, Verticillium, and others.
Penentuan Pemasok Jagung dengan Metode ROC Pada UMKM Kuliner
Authors: Adzanil Rachmadi Putra  , Prayoga Riza Akhsani Setyo , Kristanto Titus , A’la Fiddin Yusfida , Fitrani Laqma Dica 
Published: November 2023

Persaingan dalam suatu bisnis semakin tinggi dimana sekarang bisnis sudah menggabungkan dengan teknologi informasi. Tujuannya agar bisa meningkatkan efektifitas kerja dan membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan. Salah satunya pemanfaatan sistem pendukung keputusan dalam menentukan pemasok jagung dalam usaha kuliner yang dimana pelaku bisnis memerlukan informasi dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk memperoleh pemasok yang terbaik dan tentunya sesuai dengan kriteria dari pelaku bisnis. Metode pengambilan keputusan yang digunakan adalah memanfaatkan metode rank of centroid dimana metode ini mampu menentukan alternatif pemasok dengan beberapa langkah perhitungan mulai dari penilaian bobot kriteria, penilaian bobot sub kriteria, penilaian alternatif dan melakukan penilaian evaluasi untuk perangkingan. Hasil penilaian evaluasi harapannya bisa dijadikan suatu rekomendasi untuk pelaku bisnis dalam menentukan pemasok jagung yang terbaik supaya bisa membantu pelaku bisnis dalam membuat olahan jagung secara maksimal. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahap pengujian menggunakan black box. Pengujian yang dilakukan fokus pada operasional dan fungsional pada sistem. Setelah dilakukan hasil pengujian sistem ini memberikan hasil yang bagus.
Leadership in a military context: The case of the Dubai Police
Authors: Alblooshi Mardeya 
Published: November 2023

Leadership is among the critical factors in any police force that helps them to achieve their goals. However, limited studies have focused on police leadership and those studies were conducted in western countries. Thus, this study aims to explore police leadership in a military context in non-western countries. Qualitative research methodology was used to achieve the aim of this study and to answer the research questions. Dubai Police which focuses on fostering human capital including leaders, was selected as a sample for military context. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten leaders working in the Dubai Police force who were asked about police leader conceptualisation, whether police leaders are born or made, what are the most important traits for police leaders and, finally, leadership development strategies in the police forces. NVivo Software (version 14) was used to analyze the data. The interviews have obtained the aim of the study and answered the research questions. The findings provided a more complete in-depth description of the leadership in a military context. The results showed that; 1) Police leadership conceptualization is defined as influencing others and also it is process. 2) Police leaders are born and made. 3) Strong communication skills, decision making and integrity were observed to be among the most important traits for police leaders. 4) Police leadership development strategies included formal education, training courses, experience and learning in practice. The study had extended police leadership literature, and confirmed the applicability of results of studies conducted in western countries on those of non- western ones that give priority to police leaders and focuses on achieving organizational strategic direction. Concerning practical contributions, this study serves as foundational research for other researchers who are interested in this field in a new regional context, especially in the Dubai Police.
UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA ADULTO
Authors: Santos Emile de Jesus , Teixeira Rebeca Blézins Arruda , Raulino Júlia Maria de Holanda , Santana Angela Gabriela da Silva , Celestino Edilene dos Santos , Silva Elisabeth do Espirito Santo da , Silva Alex Maxwelder Borges Sant'Anna , Ribeiro Matheus Morbeck , Cruz Amanda correia da , Junqueira Elen Souza de Jesus , Oliveira Paloma Bispo , Zatti Cassio Adriano 
Published: November 2023

Este artigo teve por objetivo descrever os principais fatores de predisponentes e as medidas preventivas contra erros de medicação em pacientes adultos internados nas unidades de terapia intensiva. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nos materiais indexados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Base de dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Index Medicus para o Pacífico Ocidental (WPRIM) e o Índice Bibliográfico Español en Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS). Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) em cruzamento com o operador booleano AND e OR. Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram selecionados 14 estudos para compor essa revisão. Conclui-se que a entre os principais fatores predisponentes associados a erros de medicação nas unidades de terapia intensiva adulto, erros na prescrição, preparo, administração e transcrição de medicamentos. Esses erros foram associados a uma série de fatores de risco, como a falta de continuidade nos sistemas de prescrição eletrônica, sobrecarga de trabalho, falta de conhecimento, pressa, falta de atenção, entre outros. Entre as medidas de barreiras identificadas incluíram a implementação de sistemas informatizados de prescrição, como prescrições eletrônicas e sistemas de administração de medicamentos com código de barras, introdução de armários de distribuição automatizados e a educação e sensibilização da equipe de saúde apresentaram-se como estratégias que desempenharam um papel fundamental na prevenção de erros de medicação.
Abordagens Terapêuticas no Tratamento da Doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão abrangente
Authors: Libório Sinhorini Fonseca Marco Aurélio , Luiz Henriques Amaral Breno , Ferreira da Costa Bruce , Saugo Pedro Henrique , Najar Araújo Lucas 
Published: November 2023

A abordagem terapêutica no tratamento do Alzheimer é um tema de elevada relevância na prática clínica contemporânea, dada a crescente incidência desta condição neurodegenerativa. Os recentes avanços neste campo têm introduzido uma variedade de estratégias terapêuticas que não apenas visam aliviar os sintomas, mas também prometem substanciais melhorias na qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos por esta doença. O propósito deste estudo é conduzir uma análise exaustiva e profunda das inovações terapêuticas, com o intuito de alcançar um entendimento minucioso de cada intervenção e avaliar a sua viabilidade prática no contexto clínico.
Este processo envolveu uma busca criteriosa de artigos científicos em bases de dados devidamente indexadas. A seleção de referências pautou-se pela avaliação da sua pertinência e atualidade, priorizando estudos que não apenas exploraram a eficácia de diversas abordagens terapêuticas, mas que também se destacaram pelo caráter inovador no âmbito do tratamento do Alzheimer. A organização das referências seguiu as diretrizes estritas do estilo de Vancouver, garantindo, dessa forma, a acurácia e a integridade da revisão.
No contexto das abordagens terapêuticas no tratamento do Alzheimer, destaca-se uma série de intervenções cruciais que têm demonstrado promissores avanços. Entre elas, merece destaque a terapia com icariina, que se destaca por seu mecanismo de ação em nível molecular e seu potencial impacto na modulação do microbioma intestinal. Além disso, avanços significativos têm sido observados na aplicação de terapêuticas baseadas em nanocarregadores para a potencial mitigação dos efeitos patológicos das proteínas beta-amiloide e tau na doença de Alzheimer.
Esta revisão integrativa não apenas destaca a diversidade de intervenções farmacológicas disponíveis para o tratamento do Alzheimer, mas também enfatiza a importância de uma abordagem personalizada e multidisciplinar. A consideração das particularidades clínicas e características únicas de cada paciente emerge como um pilar essencial para a otimização dos resultados terapêuticos. Além disso, a vigilância constante da segurança e eficácia a longo prazo das intervenções farmacológicas se apresenta como uma responsabilidade inalienável no cuidado desses pacientes.