bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management der Psoriasisarthritis durch Dermatologen – eine deutschlandweite Umfrage
Authors: König Anke , Hofmann Matthias , Kaufmann Roland , Müller‐Stahl Jutta , Pinter Andreas 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungDie Psoriasisarthritis (PsA) erfordert für bestmögliche therapeutische Ergebnisse eine frühzeitige Diagnose und den Einsatz adäquater antirheumatischer Therapien sowie der regelmäßigen Überprüfung des Therapieerfolges. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die routinemäßigen Überwachungsmaßnahmen für Patienten mit gesicherter PsA und Psoriasis vulgaris (PsO) durch Dermatologen zu untersuchen und Daten zu generieren, wie die Bedingungen für ein optimales Therapiemanagement bei Dermatologen sichergestellt werden können.Patienten und MethodikDiese nichtinterventionelle, prospektive, epidemiologische Querschnittsstudie (2016–2019) umfasste Patienten mit bestätigter PsA, die sich bei einem Dermatologen in Behandlung befanden. Für Zentrums‐ und Patientencharakteristika sowie die Daten zur PsA‐Überwachung und ‐Behandlung, stratifiziert nach verschiedenen Zentrumsarten, wurden deskriptive statistische Analysen durchgeführt.Ergebnisse212 Patienten von 34 niedergelassenen Ärzten, 5 nichtuniversitären Krankenhäusern und 9 Universitätskliniken wurden eingeschlossen. Die Mehrheit der PsA‐Patienten wurde von Rheumatologen (> 55% in jedem Zentrumstyp) in einem frühen oder mittleren Stadium (> 59%) diagnostiziert. Die Behandlung der PsA wurde hingegen am häufigsten von Dermatologen eingeleitet (niedergelassene Ärzte: 69,6%, Krankenhäuser: 60,9%, Universitätskliniken: 82.9%). In Universitätskliniken wurden die Patienten häufiger mit Biologika behandelt (alleinige Therapie: 43,9%, in Kombination mit weiteren systemischen Therapien: 26,8%) als bei niedergelassenen Ärzten (alleinige Therapie: 44,6%, Kombinationstherapie: 13,5%) und in nichtuniversitären Krankenhäusern (alleinige Therapie: 34,8%, Kombination: 8,7%).SchlussfolgerungenDa die PsA‐Diagnose am häufigsten von Rheumatologen gestellt wurde, während hingegen die Behandlung von mild bis moderater PsA hauptsächlich von Dermatologen eingeleitet wird, ist eine optimale Zusammenarbeit zwischen diesen Fachärzten von entscheidender Bedeutung.
Entwicklung eines Lokalisations‐basierten Algorithmus zur Vorhersage der Ätiologie von Ulcera cruris
Authors: Deinsberger Julia , Moschitz Irina , Marquart Elias , Manz‐Varga Alexander Konstantin , Gschwandtner Michael E. , Brugger Jonas , Rinner Christoph , Böhler Kornelia , Tschandl Philipp , Weber Benedikt 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie diagnostische Abklärung des Ulcus cruris ist zeit‐ und kostenintensiv. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Ulkuslokalisation als diagnostisches Kriterium zu bewerten und einen diagnostischen Algorithmus zur Unterstützung in der Diagnostik bereitzustellen.Patienten und MethodikDie Studie umfasste 277 Patienten mit Ulcera cruris. Es wurden die folgenden fünf Gruppen definiert: Ulcus cruris venosum, arterielle Ulzera, gemischte Ulzera, Arteriolosklerose und Vaskulitis. Mittels computergestütztem Oberflächenrendering wurden die Prädilektionsstellen der verschiedenen Ulkustypen bewertet. Die Ergebnisse wurden in ein multinomiales logistisches Regressionsmodell integriert, um die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer bestimmten Diagnose in Abhängigkeit von Lokalisation, Alter, bilateraler Beteiligung und Anzahl der Ulzera zu berechnen. Zusätzlich wurde eine neuronale Netzwerk‐Bildanalyse durchgeführt.ErgebnisseDie Mehrheit der venösen Ulzera fand sich in der medialen Malleolarregion. Arterielle Ulzera waren am häufigsten auf der dorsalen Seite des Vorfußes zu finden. Arteriolosklerotische Ulzera waren zumeist im mittleren Drittel des lateralen Unterschenkels lokalisiert. Vaskulitische Ulzera schienen zufällig verteilt zu sein und waren deutlich kleiner, häufiger multilokulär und bilateral. Das multinomiale logistische Regressionsmodell zeigte eine insgesamt zufriedenstellende Leistung mit einer geschätzten Genauigkeit von 0,68 bei ungesehenen Daten.SchlussfolgerungenDer vorgestellte Algorithmus auf Grundlage der Ulkuslokalisation kann als unterstützendes Instrument zur Eingrenzung potenzieller Differenzialdiagnosen und als Hilfestellung für die Einleitung diagnostischer Maßnahmen dienen.
Distribution of XTdrd6/Xtr protein during oogenesis and early development in Xenopus laevis: Zygotic translation begins only in germ cells that have entered the genital ridge
Authors: Sugimoto Tetsuharu , Kanayama Chihiro , Hiyoshi Masateru , Kosumi Daisuke , Takamune Kazufumi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe previously identified Xenopus tudor domain containing 6/Xenopus tudor repeat (Xtdrd6/Xtr), which was exclusively expressed in the germ cells of adult Xenopus laevis. Western blot analysis showed that the XTdrd6/Xtr protein was translated in St. I/II oocytes and persisted as a maternal factor until the tailbud stage. XTdrd6/Xtr has been reported to be essential for the translation of maternal mRNA involved in oocyte meiosis. In the present study, we examined the distribution of the XTdrd6/Xtr protein during oogenesis and early development, to predict the time point of its action during development. First, we showed that XTdrd6/Xtr is localized to germinal granules in the germplasm by electron microscopy. XTdrd6/Xtr was found to be localized to the origin of the germplasm, the mitochondrial cloud of St. I oocytes, during oogenesis. Notably, XTdrd6/Xtr was also found to be localized around the nuclear membrane of St. I oocytes. This suggests that XTdrd6/Xtr may immediately interact with some mRNAs that emerge from the nucleus and translocate to the mitochondrial cloud. XTdrd6/Xtr was also detected in primordial germ cells and germ cells throughout development. Using transgenic Xenopus expressing XTdrd6/Xtr with a C‐terminal FLAG tag produced by homology‐directed repair, we found that the zygotic translation of the XTdrd6/Xtr protein began at St. 47/48. As germ cells are surrounded by gonadal somatic cells and are considered to enter a new differentiation stage at this phase, the newly synthesized XTdrd6/Xtr protein may regulate the translation of mRNAs involved in the new steps of germ cell differentiation.
Outpatient encounters, continuity of care, and unplanned hospital care for children and young people with cerebral palsy
Authors: Paget Simon P. , Mcintyre Sarah , Schneuer Francisco J. , Martin Tanya , Sellars Louise , Burnett Heather , Price Sophie , Nassar Natasha 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the relationships between outpatient encounters, continuity of care, and unplanned hospital care in children/young people with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodIn this population‐based data‐linkage cohort study we included children/young people with CP identified in the New South Wales/Australian Capital Territory CP Register (birth years 1994–2018). We measured the frequency of outpatient encounters and unplanned hospital care, defined as presentations to emergency departments and/or urgent hospital admissions (2015–2020). Continuity of outpatient care was measured using the Usual Provider of Care Index (UPCI).ResultsOf 3267 children/young people with CP, most (n = 2738, 83.8%, 57.6% male) had one or more outpatient encounters (123 463 total encounters, median six outpatient encounters per year during childhood). High UPCI was more common in children/young people with mild CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I–III, with no epilepsy or no intellectual disability), residing in metropolitan and areas of least socioeconomic disadvantage. Low UPCI was associated with four or more emergency department presentations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.71–3.19) and one or more urgent hospital admissions (aOR 2.02; 95% CI 1.57–2.61).InterpretationChildren/young people with CP require frequent outpatient services. Improving continuity of care, particularly for those residing in regional/remote areas, may decrease need for unplanned hospital care.What this paper adds

Many children with cerebral palsy use multiple and frequent outpatient services.
Better continuity of care is associated with living in metropolitan and less socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
Outpatient service utilization reduces at the time of transition to adult services.
High outpatient utilization is associated with unplanned hospital care.
Decreased continuity of care is associated with unplanned hospital care.
Associations between child abuse and neglect, and dento‐alveolar injuries in a Children's hospital population
Authors: Azadani Ehsan N. , McTigue Dennis J. , Peng Jin , Casamassimo Paul S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThe purpose of this study was to identify social variables common to children with dento‐alveolar trauma (DAT) and child abuse and neglect (CAN) in a large children's hospital population.MethodsEmergency department data from an urban trauma Level 1 children's hospital were queried between December 02, 2017 and September 30, 2022 to identify children with both DAT and CAN. Patients with DAT and CAN were compared to DAT‐only children in a case–control study design. Descriptive statistics were used to report characteristics of children in case and control groups. Chi‐Squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare cases and controls. The level of significance was set at p ≤ .05.ResultsIn total, 14 children who had DAT and CAN reported simultaneously comprised the case group. A total of 42 children with DAT‐only, age/sex matched with cases, comprised the control group. Mean (SD) age of cases was 10.4 (±4) and controls was 10.1 (±3.9) years‐old. Eight cases (57.1%) and 24 controls (57.1%) were female. No statistical differences (p = .05) were present for language, race, insurance coverage, parental custody, legal guardianship, and type of residence for cases versus controls. Five (35.7%) cases had a special need versus 4 (9.5%) controls and was statistically different (p = .03). Nine (64.3%) cases had behavioral problems versus 13 (31%) controls (p = .05). Cases were more likely to have facial injuries than controls (74.3 vs. 31%), however no significant differences were present for total number of injured teeth, head injury or neck injury between cases and controls. In half of cases, the perpetrator reported was the sibling.ConclusionsDemographics did not predict CAN in children with dental injuries. Sibling violence should be considered in suspected CAN children.
Parental involvement in secondary education in Belgium, France and Luxembourg: Associations with family and school characteristics
Authors: Poncelet Débora , Bordalba Monica Macia , Dierendonck Christophe 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough evidence generally suggests that parental involvement is beneficial for the academic success of students, much less is known about the determinants of this involvement. The study examined the associations between parental characteristics, beliefs and two types of parental involvement (school‐based and home‐based) in secondary education in three countries in Europe. Data from 1757 parents from nineteen public secondary schools in three European countries (six in Luxembourg, six in France and seven in Belgium) were analysed using multiple regression analyses. Models predicted overall significant but relatively low portions of variance in the home‐ and school‐based involvement of parents. Different patterns of results emerged from the three very different samples. When controlling for family background and school environment, parental self‐efficacy—associated for example with the role of parents at school—appeared to be central indicators of parental involvement. Results are discussed in terms of research on parental involvement and family‐school communication, as well as in relation to school practices involving parents.
An in vitro coculture approach to study the interplay between dental pulp cells and Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Akamp Tobias , Rosendahl Andreas , Galler Kerstin M. , Wölflick Melanie , Buchalla Wolfgang , Widbiller Matthias 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo develop a new coculture system that allows exposure of dental pulp cells (DPCs) to Streptococcus mutans and dentine matrix proteins (eDMP) to study cellular interactions in dentine caries.MethodologyDental pulp cells and S. mutans were cocultured with or without eDMP for 72 h. Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by cell counting and MTT assays, while bacterial growth and viability were determined by CFU and LIVE/DEAD staining. Glucose catabolism and lactate excretion were measured photometrically as metabolic indicators. To evaluate the inflammatory response, the release of cytokines and growth factors (IL‐6, IL‐8, TGF‐β1, VEGF) was determined by ELISA. Non‐parametric statistical analyses were performed to compare all groups and time points (Mann–Whitney U test or Kruskal–Wallis test; α = .05).ResultsWhile eDMP and especially S. mutans reduced the number and viability of DPCs (p ≤ .0462), neither DPCs nor eDMP affected the growth and viability of S. mutans during coculture (p > .0546). The growth of S. mutans followed a common curve, but the death phase was not reached within 72 h. S. mutans consumed medium glucose in only 30 h, whereas in the absence of S. mutans, cells were able to catabolize glucose throughout 72 h, resulting in the corresponding amount of l‐lactate. No change in medium pH was observed. S. mutans induced IL‐6 production in DPCs (p ≤ .0011), whereas eDMP had no discernible effect (p > .7509). No significant changes in IL‐8 were observed (p > .198). TGF‐β1, available from eDMP supplementation, was reduced by DPCs over time. VEGF, on the other hand, was increased in all groups during coculture.ConclusionsThe results show that the coculture of DPCs and S. mutans is possible without functional impairment. The bacterially induced stimulation of proinflammatory and regenerative cytokines provides a basis for future investigations and the elucidation of molecular biological relationships in pulp defence against caries.
Oxidized thioredoxin 1 places a leash on NLRP1 inflammasome activity
Authors: Yap Jeremy KY , Emming Stefan , Schroder Kate 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe biology of the NACHT domain and leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain‐containing 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome has perplexed researchers since this inflammasome was first described about two decades ago. The identification of oxidized thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) as a suppressor of NLRP1 recently linked cellular redox homeostasis to NLRP1 inflammasome signaling. Now, Zhang et al. present a molecular structure of TRX1‐bound NLRP1 with unprecedented detail. This structure gives key insight into regulatory mechanisms governing NLRP1 activation and offers enormous potential for structure‐based anti‐inflammatory drug design.
Intestinal permeability and inflammatory features of juvenile age correlate with the eventual systemic autoimmunity in lupus‐prone female SWR × NZB F1 (SNF1) mice
Authors: Gudi Radhika R. , Johnson Benjamin M. , Gaudreau Marie‐Claude , Sun Wei , Ball Lauren , Vasu Chenthamarakshan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is about nine times higher in women than in men, and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this gender bias are not fully understood. Previously, using lupus‐prone (SWR × NZB)F1 (SNF1) mice, we have shown that the intestinal immune system could play a role in the initiation and progression of disease in SLE, and depletion of gut microbiota produces more pronounced disease protection in females than in males. Here, we show that the gut permeability features of lupus‐prone female SNF1 mice at juvenile ages directly correlate with the expression levels of pro‐inflammatory factors, faecal IgA abundance and nAg reactivity and the eventual systemic autoantibody levels and proteinuria onset. Furthermore, we observed that the disease protection achieved in female SNF1 mice upon depletion of gut microbiota correlates with the diminished gut inflammatory protein levels, intestinal permeability and circulating microbial DNA levels. However, faecal microbiota transplant from juvenile male and females did not result in modulation of gut inflammatory features or permeability. Overall, these observations suggest that the early onset of intestinal inflammation, systemic autoantibody production and clinical stage disease in lupus‐prone females is linked to higher gut permeability in them starting at as early as juvenile age. While the higher gut permeability in juvenile lupus‐prone females is dependent on the presence of gut microbes, it appears to be independent of the composition of gut microbiota.
A starch film method for the identification of catalase in histological sections
Authors: HALE ARTHUR J. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISA method for the identification and localization of catalase in histological sections is described. Sections are placed in contact with a thin film of starch gel which is immersed in hydrogen peroxide and then in a solution of potassium iodide. The starch film turns dark blue except where the hydrogen peroxide in it has been destroyed by catalase. At these points the film remains white.
Distortion in dimensions produced by shadowing for electron microscopy
Authors: MISRA D. N. , GUPTA N. N. DAS 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISChanges in dimensions of some spherical and cylindrical particles due to metal shadowing for electron microscopy have been investigated. Monodisperse polystyrene latex, colloidal gold particles, Bushy Stunt and Tobacco Mosaic Virus, normal human adult haemoglobin and DNA molecules were used as experimental material. Particles were deposited on carbon coated platinum grids and shadowed with platinum vapour using a fixed shadowing geometry. With the exception of TMV, haemoglobin and DNA, distortion was measured on individual particles by taking micrographs of the same particles before and after shadowing. Distortions were measured on a large number of particles both parallel and perpendicular to the shadow direction. On the smaller particles, the distortions in the two directions were estimated from the heights, deduced from shadow length, and measurement of the widths parallel and perpendicular to the shadow. The distortions were plotted against particle diameters. The distortion parallel to the shadow was found to be greater than that measured perpendicular to the shadow and both were found to increase up to a particle diameter of about 200 Å and thereafter became practically constant. The use of the calibration curves in the measurement of the dimensions of small biological particles has been discussed using the example of normal human foetal haemoglobin and egg albumin molecules.
A photo‐electronic phase‐measuring microscope
Authors: SMITH F. H. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISThe usual manual compensator of a double‐refracting interference microscope is replaced by a modified version which is continuously driven by a synchronous electric motor. The resulting phase excursions cover a range of a complete light wave‐length and are linearly related to time, so that the light intensity discharged by the microscope fluctuates sinusoidally. When an optical‐phase object in the interference microscope system displaces the phase relationship between the two interfering beams, the resulting phase displacement of the sinusoidally fluctuating light intensity causes the sinusoidal voltage from a photodetector to suffer an equal and corresponding phase displacement. This last displacement is transformed into a directly phase‐proportionate voltage or pulse duration by means of an electronic phase‐measuring circuit.
Studies in fluorescence histochemistry: II. The demonstration of periodate‐reactive mucosubstances with pseudo‐Schiff reagents*
Authors: STOWARD PETER J. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISAccording to Kasten, periodate‐oxidized mucosubstances which have been stained with his fluorescent Schiff‐type reagents (solutions of basic fluorescent dyes saturated with sulphur‐dioxide) emit a specific fluorescence in sections of fixed tissue. In my experience it is sometimes difficult to observe this fluorescence because it is obscured by the similarly‐coloured fluorescence emitted by proteins and nuclei. This and other difficulties, both theoretical and practical, can be mostly overcome by methylating tissue sections beforehand with a methanolic solution of thionyl chloride, then oxidizing them in periodic acid, and finally treating them first with sulphurous acid (at pH 3) and second with a solution of any basic fluorescent dye at a pH between 2 and 3. In sections treated in this way, nearly all periodate‐oxidized mucosubstances emit a much more intense fluorescence than when treated with Kasten's Schiff‐type reagents; and furthermore, that such mucosubstances fluoresce at all lends support to the theory that aldehydes react with Schiff's reagent proper not through N‐sulphinic acids, as has been commonly supposed, but by reacting first with the sulphurous acid present in Schiff's reagent to form an intermediate alkyl sulphonic acid which then combines with basic pararosaniline (the essential ingredient of Schiff's reagent) to give the familiar magenta‐coloured product.
Fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy of adrenergic nerves after constriction at two points
Authors: MAYOR D. , KAPELLER K. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISGuinea pig and cat adrenergic nerves have been constricted at two points and the effects studied with the fluorescence method for the localization of noradrenaline and with the electron microscope. After operation there was a rapid accumulation of fluorescent material proximal to the constrictions. This was greater above the proximal than the distal lesion and persisted for several days. The accumulation above the distal constriction disappeared between 24–48 hours after operation. Any accumulation of fluorescent material distal to the constrictions could almost invariably be correlated with the presence of ganglion cells situated more peripherally, or with an inadequate constriction of the nerves. Electron microscopy showed an accumulation of vesicles with an electron‐dense core, believed to carry noradrenaline, proximal to the constrictions. This corresponded closely to the accumulation of fluorescent material.The results suggested that the passage of noradrenaline in these nerves is from the nerve‐cell body to the periphery. There was no unequivocal evidence of a retrograde flow of the transmitter.