bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hereditary hemochromatosis: detection of C282Y and H63D mutations in HFE gene by means of guthrie cards in population of Czech Republic
Authors: Cimburova Marketa , Putova Ivana , Provaznikova Hana , Horak Jiri 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of HFE gene mutations in the population of the Czech Republic. Altogether, 257 randomly selected newborn screening cards (Guthrie cards) were analyzed for the C282Y and H63D mutations within the HFE gene. Complete results were obtained from 254 cards for the C282Y mutation and 257 cards for the H63D mutation. No sample was identified as homozygous for C282Y, and two (0.78%) were homozygous for H63D. Twenty (7.87%) samples were C282Y‐heterozygous, and 69 (26.84%) were H63D‐heterozygous. Of these, two (0.79%) carried one copy of each mutation, i.e., were compound heterozygous. Allele frequencies for C282Y and H63D were 0.039 and 0.142, respectively. The observed genotype frequencies for both C282Y and H63D mutations in the Czech Republic are in the range of values reported for other Central and Western European populations. Genet. Epidemiol. 23:260–263, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of genotype‐specific human papillomavirus detection in diagnosing residual cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Bekkers Ruud LM , Melchers Willem JG , Bakkers Judith MJE , Hanselaar Antonius GJM , Quint Wim GV , Boonstra Henk , Massuger Leon FAG 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe assessed prospectively whether residual cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after treatment for high‐grade CIN can be predicted by genotype‐specific high‐risk HPV (HR‐HPV) detection in follow‐up cervical scrapes. A broad spectrum, highly sensitive SPF10‐LiPA‐PCR HPV detection technique was used on cervical scrapes before large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ), on the LLETZ biopsy and on follow‐up scrapes of 90 patients treated for high‐grade CIN. HR‐HPV was detected in the biopsies of 93% (n = 84) of the patients and in the follow‐up scrapes of 48% (n = 43) of the patients. In 12 patients, genotype‐specific HR‐HPV persistence was detected in both follow‐up scrapes. In 10 patients, residual CIN was detected. In 5 of these patients (including all patients with residual CIN 3), the follow‐up scrapes showed genotype‐specific HR‐HPV persistence. In 2 patients, a different HR‐HPV was detected, and 3 patients had HR‐HPV‐negative follow‐up scrapes. Conventional cytologic follow‐up was abnormal in 13 patients including all 10 patients with residual CIN. The negative predictive value (NPV) of HR‐HPV detection on follow‐up scrapes was high (94%). Repeat detection of genotype‐specific HR‐HPV showed a lower sensitivity and NPV than repeat detection of any HR‐HPV, but its specificity was higher. Repeat conventional cytologic follow‐up showed the highest sensitivity and NPV. In conclusion, the presence of HR‐HPV in cervical scrapes after LLETZ for high‐grade CIN is a risk factor for the presence of residual CIN. HR‐HPV genotype‐specific persistence is specifically present in patients with residual CIN 3. However, HR‐HPV detection cannot predict or exclude the presence of residual CIN in the individual patient and additional procedures remain necessary. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of life and death by the zinc finger transcription factor Egr‐1
Authors: Thiel Gerald , Cibelli Giuseppe 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe biosynthesis of the zinc finger transcription factor Egr‐1 is stimulated by many extracellular signaling molecules including hormones, neurotransmitters, growth and differentiation factors, and cytotoxic metabolites. The 5′‐flanking region of the Egr‐1 gene contains genetic elements that are essential in connecting stimulation of the cells with enhanced transcription of the Egr‐1 gene, and subsequently, transcription of Egr‐1‐responsive genes. Thus, Egr‐1 links cellular signaling cascades with changes in the gene expression pattern. Many biological functions have been attributed to Egr‐1. Here, we discuss evidence for Egr‐1 control of cellular proliferation and programmed cell death. J. Cell. Physiol. 193: 287–292, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Platelet‐derived growth factor mediates tight junction redistribution and increases permeability in MDCK cells
Authors: Harhaj Nicole S. , Barber Alistair J. , Antonetti David A. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIncreased tissue permeability is a common characteristic of a number of diseases such as pulmonary edema, inflammatory bowel disease, several kidney diseases, diabetic retinopathy, and tumors. We hypothesized that growth factors increase permeability by redistribution of tight junction proteins away from the cell border. To investigate mechanisms of growth factor‐mediated permeability, we examined the effect of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) on Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell tight junction protein distribution and on permeability. PDGF altered the cellular distribution of occludin and ZO‐1 from the cell border to the cytoplasm and increased permeability to 70 kDa dextran in a concentration‐dependent manner. Treatment of MDCK cells with PDGF prior to fixation allowed binding of the lectin concanavalin A to the basement membrane of fixed cells, while binding was prevented in untreated control monolayers, implying that PDGF induced the formation of a paracellular transport pathway. Cell fractionation experiments with PDGF‐treated cells revealed a novel occludin‐containing low‐density, detergent resistant subcellular structure, which increased in the buoyant fractions relative to occludin in the pellet in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. Immunocytochemistry revealed that a pool of internalized occludin co‐labels with the early endosome marker, EEA1, suggesting that PDGF may stimulate occludin to enter an endosomal pathway. PDGF may act as a permeabilizing agent by moving tight junction proteins away from the cell border in discrete microdomains, and the effects of PDGF on permeability and tight junction protein distribution may model the regulation of epithelial and endothelial barrier properties by other peptide growth factors. J. Cell. Physiol. 193: 349–364, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of rat smooth muscle cell adhesion and proliferation by non‐anticoagulant heparins
Authors: Kazi Monsur , Lundmark Karin , Religa Piotr , Gouda Ibrahim , Larm Olle , Ray Asim , Swedenborg Jesper , Hedin Ulf 
Published: October 2002

AbstractHeparin is a well established growth inhibitor of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) both in animal models and in vitro. Even though the cellular mechanisms involved in the anti‐proliferative properties of heparin are being resolved, the structural requirements for the biological effects of heparin are not known in detail. Here, we have studied the effect of chemically modified heparins of different molecular weights and anticoagulant activities on proliferation and adhesion of rat aortic SMCs in vitro. The effects of native heparin (NH) and chemically modified heparins were examined after stimulation with fetal calf serum (FCS), platelet‐derived growth factor BB (PDGF BB), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor (hbEGF) with respect to DNA synthesis and expression of phosphorylated and activated mitogen‐activated protein kinase (pERK1 and 2). In a similar manner as NH, the modified heparins were capable of inhibiting activation of ERK1 and 2 and DNA synthesis induced by FCS and hbEGF whereas the modified heparins potentiated the mitogenic effect of bFGF and no compound affected PDGF BB‐induced ERK activity and SMC growth. In contrast, cell adhesion to fibronectin was inhibited by NH and modified heparins in a size‐dependent manner with the lowest effect by the smallest compound. The results show that heparins with varying anticoagulant activities and molecular weights but with similar sulfate content can retain anti‐proliferative properties while the effect on some other biological processes such as cell adhesion is lost. Possibly, such chemical alterations may yield useful substances for the prevention of SMC proliferation after arterial injury. J. Cell. Physiol. 193: 365–372, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduced MEFV messenger RNA expression in patients with familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Notarnicola Cécile , Didelot Marie‐Noëlle , Koné‐Paut Isabelle , Seguret Fabienne , Demaille Jacques , Touitou Isabelle 
Published: October 2002

AbstractObjectiveFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common inherited periodic syndrome. The disease phenotype and the almost exclusive expression of the causative gene, MEFV, in leukocytes suggest that this gene plays an important role in the inflammatory cascade. Since most of the known mutations are conservative, we sought to determine how minor DNA defects can give rise to the dramatic phenotypic features seen in FMF.MethodsTo address whether the molecular basis of the phenotype–genotype correlation could be related to altered MEFV messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, we quantified the relative abundance of MEFV transcripts in peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with FMF, healthy carriers of a single MEFV mutation, and healthy control subjects.ResultsWe found significantly lower expression of MEFV mRNA in genetically ascertained FMF patients than in healthy controls (0.7 versus 1.1; P = 0.00001). In healthy carriers, the mRNA levels were intermediate, suggesting a true dose‐response relationship between the number of mutations and the abundance of MEFV transcripts. The difference between healthy controls and healthy carriers was significant (1.1 versus 0.8; P = 0.008), demonstrating that the decrease in mRNA expression is related to a molecular defect independent of FMF symptoms. MEFV mRNA expression was also found to be a function of the type of mutations. The lowest MEFV levels were found in healthy carriers and patients with M694V. Moreover, we observed an inverse correlation with the clinical severity score (r = −0.6, P = 0.04 and r = −0.6, P = 0.004 in patients with 1 and 2 M694V mutations, respectively).ConclusionOur results demonstrate that MEFV message levels are related to both the genotype and the phenotype, and suggest that the pathophysiology of FMF relies on a quantitative defect of MEFV mRNA expression.
Ground‐shaking mapping for a scenario earthquake considering effects of geological conditions: a case study for the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu, Japan earthquake
Authors: Fujimoto Kazuo , Midorikawa Saburoh 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIn order to examine the applicability of ground‐shaking mapping techniques to a near‐field earthquake, a peak ground velocity map of the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu, Japan earthquake computed from seismic zoning methods that consider the effects of geological conditions is compared with the actual observed intensity map. When computing the ground‐shaking map, the site amplification at each site is calculated in terms of the average shear‐wave velocity of the ground estimated from the corresponding geomorphological conditions. This map shows a relatively good agreement with the observed intensity map. However, the computations provide smaller values for certain disastrous areas of the earthquake, where the effects on ground motion of a deep, irregular underground structure have been reported. The effect of such structures on site response is examined implementing 2D FEM analyses, thereby being also incorporated into the method. Results considering the effect of the irregular underground structure show better agreement with the observed intensity map. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mutation analysis and mRNA expression of trail‐receptors in human breast cancer
Authors: Seitz Susanne , Wassmuth Peter , Fischer Jörg , Nothnagel Anita , Jandrig Burkhard , Schlag Peter M. , Scherneck Siegfried 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe chromosome region 8p12‐p22 shows frequent allelic loss in a variety of human malignancies, including breast cancer (BC). The tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL)‐receptors TRAIL‐R1, ‐R2, ‐R3 and ‐R4 are located on 8p21‐p22 and might be candidate tumor suppressor genes in this region. To evaluate the involvement of TRAIL receptors in breast carcinogenesis, we have analyzed the entire coding region of TRAIL‐R2 and the death domain (DD) regions of TRAIL‐R1 and ‐R4 for the detection of somatic mutations in a series of breast tumors, lymph node metastases and BC cell lines. Overall, we detected 1, 11 and 3 alterations in the TRAIL‐R1, ‐R2 and ‐R4 genes, respectively. Although functional studies have not yet been performed, we assume that most of these alterations do not alter the function of TRAIL‐receptors. Additionally, we analyzed individuals from BC families for the detection of TRAIL‐R2 germline mutations. One alteration has been found in the Kozak consensus motif at position ‐4 with respect to the translation initiation AUG [1‐4 (C→A)]. We further studied the mRNA expression of TRAIL and the 4 TRAIL receptors. In BC cell lines, a strongly decreased mRNA expression of TRAIL, TRAIL‐R1, ‐R3 and ‐R4 was found, whereas the expression of TRAIL‐R2 was only slightly reduced. In breast tumors, a 1.2–3.6‐fold reduction of mRNA signals of the 5 genes was observed. No correlation was found between the expression level of TRAIL and the receptor mRNAs and clinicopathologic variables and between the expression of TRAIL‐R2 and TP53 mutation status and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 8p21‐p22. Taken together, we cannot exclude the involvement of TRAIL‐receptors in BC. Our mutation studies indicate that DD receptor mutations occur at low frequency and are not the primary cause for the altered mRNA expression of TRAIL and TRAIL‐receptors in BC. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First carbonyl metallo immunoassay in the environmental area: application to the herbicide chlortoluron
Authors: Vessières Anne , Fischer‐Durand Nathalie , Le Bideau Franck , Janvier Pierre , Heldt Jan‐Martin , Ben Rejeb Samy , Jaouen Gérard 
Published: October 2002

AbstractWe report a new, non‐isotopic, immunoassay (CMIA) for chlortoluron, a pesticide of the phenylurea family. The novel feature of this assay is the use of metal carbonyl complexes as tracers and Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy as the detection method. We describe the synthesis of three tracers, derivatives of chlortoluron with an attached cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl moiety. Quantitative analysis of these tracers, by FT‐IR spectroscopy was performed by simple measurement of the absorbance peak at 2033 cm−1, characteristic of the νCO of the metal‐carbonyl unit. Immunoassays were carried out using the IgG fraction of rabbit antiserum. Standard curves obtained by CMIA for the three tracers showed the feasibility of this technique for chlortoluron assay. However, the IC50 and IC90 values obtained with the three tracers varied widely, with the long‐chain tracer 12 giving the most sensitive assay for chlortoluron, with an IC50 value of 50 pmol (21 µg l−1) and an IC90 of 6.5 pmol (2.7 µg l−1). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Studies on mixed trialkyltin derivatives: preparation and biological activity of (2‐phenyl‐2‐methylpropyl)dicyclohexyltinO,O‐dialkyldithiophosphates
Authors: Yuan Fei , Huang Yanqin , Xie Qinglan 
Published: October 2002

AbstractFifteen compounds based on (2‐phenyl‐2‐methylpropyl)dicyclohexyltinO,O‐dialkyldithiophosphates have been synthesized by the reaction of (2‐phenyl‐2‐methylpropyl)dicyclohexyltin chloride with potassiumO,O‐dialkyldithiophosphoric acids. Their structure and composition were characterized by1H NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X‐ray diffraction. The structure of PhMe2CCH2Sn(Cy2)S2P(OC6H4tBu‐4)2has been shown to consist of a four‐coordinate tin atom in a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. Biological activities were tested for some of the compounds. The results show that these kinds of compound have acaricidal activity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and polycondensation of some new organotellurium compounds containing hydroxymethyl groups
Authors: Al‐Rubaie Ali Z. , Al‐Jadaan Shaker A. S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA new series of organotellurium compounds [i.e. 2‐HOCH2C6H4TeBr3 (1), (2‐HOCH2C6H4)2TeBr2 (2), (2‐HOCH2C6H4)2Te (3), (2‐HOCH2C6H4Te)2 (4), 4‐HOCH2C6H4TeBr3 (5), (4‐HOCH2C6H4)2TeBr2 (6), (4‐HOCH2C6H4)2Te (7), and (4‐HOCH2C6H4Te)2 (8)] were prepared by reacting hydroxymethylphenylmercury chlorides with tellurium tetrabromide in dry dioxane. Bis(2‐hydroxymethylphenyl) telluride (3), bis(2‐hydroxymethylphenyl) ditelluride (4) and bis(4‐hydroxymethylphenyl) telluride (7) were polymerized by a solution polycondensation technique with toluene diisocyanate and terephthaloyl chloride, leading to new organic tellurium polyurethanes and polyesters. All the new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic data. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Melt rheology and morphology of LLDPE/EVA blends: Effect of blend ratio, compatibilization, and dynamic crosslinking
Authors: Moly K. A. , Oommen Z. , Bhagawan S. S. , Groeninckx G. , Thomas S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe melt rheological properties of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were investigated with special reference to the effect of blend ratio, temperature, shear rate, compatibilization, and dynamic vulcanization. The melt viscosity of the blends determined with a capillary rheometer is found to decrease with an increase of shear rate, which is an indication of pseudoplastic behavior. The viscosity of the blend was found to be a nonadditive function of the viscosities of the component polymers. A negative deviation was observed because of the interlayer slip between the polar EVA and the nonpolar LLDPE phases. The melt viscosity of these blends decreases with the increased concentration of EVA. The morphology of the extrudate of the blends at different shear rates and blend ratios was studied and the size and distribution of the domains were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The morphology was found to depend on shear rate and blend ratio. Compatibilization of the blends with phenolic‐ and maleic‐modified LLDPE increased the melt viscosity at lower wt % of compatibilizer and then leveled off. Dynamic vulcanization is found to increase the melt viscosity at a lower concentration of DCP. The effect of temperature on melt viscosity of the blends was also studied. Finally, attempts were made to correlate the experimental data on melt viscosity and cocontinuity region with different theoretical models. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3210–3225, 2002
Method for quantitative evaluation of kinetic constants in olefin polymerizations. II. Kinetic study of a high‐activity Ziegler–Natta catalyst used for bulk propylene polymerizations
Authors: Matos Válter , Mattos Neto Antônio G. , Nele Márcio , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA method for quantitative evaluation of kinetic constants in Ziegler–Natta and metallocene olefin polymerizations presented previously (Matos, V.; Mattos Neto, A. G.; Pinto, J. C. J Appl Polym Sci 2001, 79, 2076) is adapted to allow the estimation of kinetic constants for bulk propylene polymerizations by using a conventional fourth‐generation high‐activity Ziegler–Natta catalyst (HAC). In this particular case, reaction rate profiles are not available, so that estimation of kinetic data must rely on average polymer yields. The method comprises some fundamental steps, including the initial design of a statistical experimental plan, the execution of the designed experiments, the development of simple mathematical models to describe the polymerization, and the estimation of kinetic parameters from available yields, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. It is shown that the proposed method allows the successful interpretation of experimental olefin polymerization data and the quantitative evaluation of kinetic parameters, which can be inserted into a process simulator to provide an accurate picture of actual industrial plant behavior. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3226–3245, 2002
Synthesis and characterization of BTDA‐based dimethacrylate dental adhesive monomer and its interaction with Ca2+ ions
Authors: Atai M. , Nekoomanesh M. , Hashemi S. A. , Yeganeh H. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractA BTDA‐based dimethacrylate monomer was synthesized via reaction of 3, 3′, 4, 4′‐Benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and 2‐Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).The reactions were followed using FTIR spectroscopy and the product was characterized and confirmed using FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and Elemental Analysis. The effects of temperature and pyridine as catalyst were investigated. The water contact angle on the surface of cured BTDMA and Bis‐GMA‐based resins were also measured and compared. FTIR studies showed an interaction between carboxylic acid groups of BTDMA and Ca2+ ions of CaO. The interaction of the resin with hydroxyapatite and tooth ash was also investigated. The interaction was also studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3246‐3249, 2002
Relationship between interfacial tension and dispersed‐phase particle size in polymer blends. I. PP/EPDM
Authors: Shariatpanahi H. , Nazokdast H. , Dabir B. , Sadaghiani K. , Hemmati M. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractSimple blends with different viscosity ratios of the components as well as compatibilized blends varying both in type and content of compatibilizers were used to study the relation between interfacial tension and dispersed‐phase particle size for PP/EPDM (80/20 wt %) blends in this work. Four compatibilizing systems, poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) ionomers (EMA–I), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), DCP combined with EMA–I, and DCP in combination with trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTMA), were used. For blends prepared in an internal mixer, a power law relation was found between capillary number and torque ratio of the blends' components. This relation was used to estimate the interfacial tension for the compatibilized blends. The relation between steady‐state torque of the blends as a measure of viscosity and the estimated values of interfacial tension were also investigated. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3148–3159, 2002
Elongational flow studies on the phase separation of hydroxypropylcellulose solution
Authors: Fujii Syuji , Sasaki Naoki , Nakata Mitsuo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe phase separation of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) in a mixed solvent of glycerol and water was investigated by an elongational flow birefringence method. In the one‐phase region, the elongational flow birefringence had the characteristics of a typical coil‐stretch transition‐like pattern with a critical elongational strain rate \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty} \begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon_c.$\end{document} \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty} \begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon_c.$\end{document} increased monotonously with temperature, but in the vicinity of the phase‐separation point,
\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty} \begin{document}$\dot \varepsilon_c.$\end{document} began to decrease even in the one‐phase region. In the two‐phase region, the flow‐induced birefringence pattern contained both a rigid rod‐like response and the coil‐stretch transition‐like response of a flexible polymer. The appearance of the rod‐like birefringence pattern indicates the association of HPC chains to form a precursor of the liquid‐crystalline phase formation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2984–2991, 2002