bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight into the crystalline structure, morphology, luminescence, and electrical conductivity of ZnAl2O4:xMn2+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 mol%) nanostructures
Authors: Goswami Bindiya , Rani Gita , Ahlawat Rachna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ZnAl2O4: xMn2+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 mol%) spinel nanostructures were prepared by citrate sol–gel technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to acquire pure spinel structure while the nano crystallinity was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of annealed powder samples. The prominent shift in diffraction angle has been noticed in doped samples. The nanocrystalline size was calculated in the range of 25–30 nm and Williamson Hall diagram was used to assess the micro stresses present in the samples. FTIR revealed the corresponding functional groups and emphasized the characteristic compositional bonds of normal spine structure. The data of UV–visible spectroscopy manifests that ultraviolet absorption and bandgap energies attain remarkably lower values in the doped samples. The green luminescence is obtained at 519 nm via direct excitation of Mn2+ energy level which is controlled by the concentration of dopant as well as nanocrystallite size. The electrical characterization inferred the enhanced conductivity of the doped sample in which Mn2+ ions act as donor of electrons. The modified physical and optical properties of ZnAl2O4 after doping strengthen the useability of prepared metal aluminates in the optoelectronic devices of the semiconductor industry.
Computational study of Be, Mg and Ca decorated Si12B12 nanocages with proficient nonlinear optical properties
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Yaqoob Junaid , Khan Muhammad Usman , Alshehri Saad M , Ali Sajid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Scientists have paid much attention to nanoscale nonlinear optical (NLO) materials in recent decades due to their promising applications in telecommunications, electronics, and optics. Here, we endeavored to design alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, and Ca) doped Si12B12 nanocage to meet the rapidly widening requirement for NLO materials. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) assisted computational tools are utilized to explore the impact of alkaline earth metals doping on the NLO response of Si12B12 nanocage to reveal a unique method for developing NLO materials. Theoretically, ten new isomers of alkaline earth metals doped Si12B12 nanocages are designed. The computational findings demonstrated that the doped isomers of Si12B12 nanocage have significant thermodynamic stabilities, with the highest binding energy of −74.15 kcal mol

−1. The E

H-L
gap is excellently declined upon Be, Mg, and Ca doping and the lowermost E

H-L
gap is found at 0.92 eV. Calculations using TD-DFT revealed that isomers of the Si12B12 nanocage are transparent in the ultraviolet (UV) region. Confirmation of charge transfer and participation of different segments is explored by natural bond orbital (NBO) and total density of state (TDOS) as well as partial density of state (PDOS) analysis respectively. The types of interactions are investigated using non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis. The isomer SiB-XV of Ca doped Si12B12 nanocage exhibits the eye-catching static first hyperpolarizability value of 4.71×104
au. Overall findings conclusively confirm that alkaline earth metals doped isomers of Si12B12 nanocage are potential contenders for nanoscale NLO materials because they have excellent stability and boosted NLO response. This research will cover the approach for the fabricating of large NLO response materials for innovative NLO applications.
Terahertz to near infrared radiation generation using two-colour counter and co-polarized laser pulses propagating in homogeneous plasma
Authors: Mishra Dinkar , Singh Saumya , Kumar Bhupesh , Jha Pallavi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study deals with the generation of terahertz (THz) to near infrared (NIR) radiation fields using two-colour linearly polarized copropagating laser pulses having either counter or co-polarization state. The frequency difference between the two laser pulses is considered to be integral multiple of the plasma frequency. Perturbation technique and quasistatic approximation have been used to obtain radiation field equations. Analytical and two-dimensional particle in cell simulation studies of the proposed configuration show that the transverse and axial plasma electron velocities arising due to nonlinear coupling of the two pulses are responsible for generation of off-axis linearly polarized radiation fields which propagate through plasma into vacuum. The frequency of generated radiation is ∼40 THz (∼60 THz), when the frequency difference of the laser pulses is two (three) times the plasma frequency. Analytical results are validated using VSim particle in cell simulation code.
Low-velocity impact behaviors of sandwich composites with different structural configurations of foam core: numerical study and experimental validation
Authors: Yalkın Hüseyin Erdem , Karakuzu Ramazan , Alpyıldız Tuba 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Sandwich composites have very weak properties as well as superior properties. Damages will be invisible and may create huge problems due to the high strength difference of composite components. To investigate sandwich composites, numerical studies’ importance is so high because experimental studies require high labor and are time-consuming. In this study, low-velocity impact properties of the configurations of sandwich composites with E-glass fiber/epoxy and PVC foam core are investigated numerically, and the results are compared with experimental results. Reference sandwich composite, and four different types of configurations are modeled with homogenized properties. Numerical simulations are performed using the material models of rigid impactor, foam core, and composite material models of LS-DYNA software. Numerical and experimental results of these sandwich composites are compared in terms of contact force-time and contact force-displacement curves, core/facesheet debonding areas, peak contact forces, absorbed energy, maximum displacement, and contact time; a good agreement is obtained.
All-coupling solution for the continuous polaron problem in the Schrödinger representation
Authors: Feranchuk I D , San N Q , Skoromnik O D 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The solution for the large-radius Fröhlich polaron in the Schrödinger representation of the quantum theory is constructed in the entire range of variation of the coupling constant. The energy and the effective mass of the polaron are calculated by simple algebraic transformations and are analogous to the results found by Feynman on the basis of the variational principle for the path-integrals of this system. It allows us to solve the long-lived problem of the inequalities of the functional and operator approaches for the polaron problem.The developed method is important for other models of particle-field interaction including those ones for which the standard perturbation theory is divergent.
Energy condition of wormhole and thin shell by assuming conformal symmetry in teleparallel-Rastall gravity
Authors: Nazavari N , Saaidi Kh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The static spherically symmetric wormhole solution for a non-isotropic perfect fluid energy-momentum tensor within the context of teleparallel-Rastall gravity is investigated. First, by imposing static and non-static conformal symmetry on the static spherically symmetric space-time metric, we investigated the null energy condition at the throat of traversable wormholes and showed that the null energy condition in the throat and its neighborhood is violated. Secondly, with the aim of minimize the usage of exotic matter, we found regions where the energy conditions are valid at the junction surface. We found that in the static case of conformal symmetry solution, the null energy condition (NEC), weak energy condition (WEC), and Strong energy condition (SEC) are valid for different λ
0 parameters. Moreover, we obtained that for the non-static symmetric solution of conformal symmetry, the NEC and WEC are satisfied for different sets of

(
k
,

λ

0

˜

)

parameters. Finally, we have explored the stable regions by the parameter η
2 (square speed of sound) for different sets of

(
k
,

λ

0

˜

)

parameters.
Is cosmic birefringence model-dependent?
Authors: Yin Lu , Kochappan Joby , Ghosh Tuhin , Lee Bum-Hoon 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Exciting clues to isotropic cosmic birefringence have recently been detected in the EB
cross-power spectra of the polarization data of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Early Dark
Energy (EDE) models with a pseudoscalar field coupled to photons via a Chern-Simons term can be
used to explain this phenomenon, and can also potentially be used to simultaneously resolve the
H
0 tension. In this work we incorporate an early dark energy scalar field, including a
Chern-Simons coupling, into an existing Boltzmann solver and numerically recover the EB
cross-power spectrum for two models in the literature; the α-attractor, and the Rock `n'
Roll field. We find that both the models fit the EB spectra, and the EB spectra alone do not
possess sufficient constraining power to distinguish the two models based on current data.
Where shadows lie: reconstruction of anisotropies in the neutrino sky
Authors: Elbers Willem , Frenk Carlos S. , Jenkins Adrian , Li Baojiu , Pascoli Silvia , Jasche Jens , Lavaux Guilhem , Springel Volker 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) encodes a wealth of information, but has not yet been observed directly. To determine the prospects of detection and to study its information content, we reconstruct the phase-space distribution of local relic neutrinos from the three-dimensional distribution of matter within 200h-1Mpc of the Milky Way. Our analysis relies on constrained realization simulations and forward modelling of the2M++galaxy catalogue. We find that the angular distribution of neutrinos is anti-correlated with the projected matter density, due to the capture and deflection of neutrinos by massive structures along the line of sight. Of relevance to tritium capture experiments, we find that the gravitational clustering effect of the large-scale structure on the local number density of neutrinos is more important than that of the Milky Way for neutrino masses less than 0.1 eV. Nevertheless, we predict that the density of relic neutrinos is close to the cosmic average, with a suppression or enhancement over the mean of (-0.3%, +7%, +27%) for masses of (0.01, 0.05, 0.1) eV. This implies no more than a marginal increase in the event rate for tritium capture experiments like PTOLEMY. We also predict that the CNB and CMB rest frames coincide for 0.01 eV neutrinos, but that neutrino velocities are significantly perturbed for masses larger than 0.05 eV. Regardless of mass, we find that the angle between the neutrino dipole and the ecliptic plane is small, implying a near-maximal annual modulation in the bulk velocity. Along with this paper, we publicly release our simulation data, comprising more than 100 simulations for six different neutrino masses.
Novel CMB constraints on the α parameter in alpha-attractor models
Authors: Iacconi Laura , Fasiello Matteo , Väliviita Jussi , Wands David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cosmological α-attractors are a compelling class of inflationary models. They lead
to universal predictions for large-scale observables, broadly independent from the functional form
of the inflaton potential. In this work we derive improved analytical predictions for the
large-scale observables, whose dependence on the duration of reheating and the parameter α
is made explicit. We compare these with Planck and BICEP/Keck 2018 data in the framework
of a Bayesian study, employing uniform logarithmic and linear priors for α. Our improved
universal predictions allow direct constraints on the duration of reheating. Furthermore, while it
is well-known that CMB constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio can be used to place an upper
bound on the α parameter, we demonstrate that including the α-dependence of the
scalar spectral tilt yields novel constraints on α. In particular, for small α, the
scalar spectral tilt scales with log10
α, regardless of the specific potential
shape. For decreasing α, this eventually puts the models in tension with CMB measurements,
bounding the magnitude of α from below. Therefore, in addition to the upper bound from the
tensor-to-scalar ratio, we derive the first lower bound on the magnitude of α for
α-attractor T-models, log10
α = -4.2+5.4
-8.6 at 95% C.L.
DualSort: online spike sorting with a running neural network
Authors: Meyer L M , Samann F , Schanze T 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Spike sorting, i.e. the detection and separation of measured action potentials from different extracellularly recorded neurons, remains one of the bottlenecks in deciphering the brain. In recent years, the application of neural networks (NNs) for spike sorting has garnered significant attention. Most methods focus on specific sub-problems within the conventional spike sorting pipeline, such as spike detection or feature extraction, and attempt to solve them with complex network architectures. This paper presents DualSort, a simple NN that gets combined with downstream post-processing for real-time spike sorting. It shows high efficiency, low complexity, and requires a comparatively small amount of human interaction. Approach. Synthetic and experimentally obtained extracellular single-channel recordings were utilized to train and evaluate the proposed NN. For training, spike waveforms were labeled with respect to their associated neuron and position in the signal, allowing the detection and categorization of spikes in unison. DualSort classifies a single spike multiple times in succession, as it runs over the signal in a step-by-step manner and uses a post-processing algorithm that transmits the network output into spike trains. Main results. With the used datasets, DualSort was able to detect and distinguish different spike waveforms and separate them from background activity. The post-processing algorithm significantly strengthened the overall performance of the model, making the system more robust as a whole. Although DualSort is an end-to-end solution that efficiently transforms filtered signals into spike trains, it competes with contemporary state-of-the-art technologies that exclusively target single sub-problems in the conventional spike sorting pipeline. Significance. This work demonstrates that even under high noise levels, complex NNs are not necessary by any means to achieve high performance in spike detection and sorting. The utilization of data augmentation on a limited quantity of spikes could substantially decrease hand-labeling compared to other studies. Furthermore, the proposed framework can be utilized without human interaction when combined with an unsupervised technique that provides pseudo labels for DualSort. Due to the low complexity of our network, it works efficiently and enables real-time processing on basic hardware. The proposed approach is not limited to spike sorting, as it may also be used to process different signals, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), which needs to be investigated in future research.
A new approach for CAD modelling of resonant frequency of microstrip antenna using multigene genetic programming
Authors: Naik Deepak K , Pani Subhagya , Sahu Amit K , Panda Dhruba C 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper develops a formula for the resonant frequency of microstrip antenna (MSA) using multigene genetic programming (MGGP). As proof of concept, it considers rectangular and circular MSAs. Then it applies the technique to annular ring and C-shaped MSAs. Compared with simulated and earlier reported results, the root mean square error remains below 0.2% in each case.
Recent Trends on MOSFET based Cascode Current Mirrors: An Analytical Survey
Authors: Suman Shruti , Saini Harshita 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To produce copy of current flowing through active devices, from one end to other end of the circuit, current mirrors (CM) are used irrespective of loading effect. It’s indispensable part of an analog and mixed signal system including wide range of applications. In this paper various cascode current mirror circuits such as, an ultra-high compliance current mirror with low power consumption, a CM with extensive swing, a self-biased CM, and quasi-floating CM circuits are analyzed which includes: speed, power, input and output resistance, bandwidth etc. The comparison shows that ultra-high compliance cascode current mirror utilizes low voltage with relatively high frequency response and consumes less power while super cascode configuration is a good choice to obtain high output impedance for better performance, whereas quasi-floating gate MOS current mirror with resistive compensation can be used to enhance the circuit bandwidth. The various circuits are designed at 250 nm, 180 nm, and 130 nm CMOS technologies for justification of performance.
Snipped Triple Band Microstrip Antenna for ISM Band and Wi-MAX Applications
Authors: Anandhan C , Nivedaa Ga , Vijay M , Ramasubramanian B. , Kumar Phani , Sivaranjani K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The work suggests a snipped shaped patch antenna design and its analysis which will work in the microwave frequency in the low spectrum. Here the patch is introduced which is made up of denim cotton material. This type of antenna is relatively new device used for medical applications. This antenna is light in weight, compact in size, and inexpensive. This antenna resonates at 1.18 GHz, 2.45 GHz, 3.1 GHz, and 7.9 GHz to 10.6 GHz. As a result, it is used in Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and Wi-MAX applications. There are different types of patch antenna here a microstrip is used as wearable antenna. As a result, the patient’s condition can be diagnosed by using this antenna after studying the radiation pattern, return loss. Ansoft HFSS can be used to emulate them.
Stepped Impedance feed reconfigurable slotted elliptical patch antenna with partial ground for wireless applications.
Authors: Lakshmi P Sree , Deepak A , Muthuvel Suresh Kumar , Amarnatha Sarma Ch 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An elliptical patch antenna (EPA) is very useful micro strip patch antenna structure in wireless communications. It has less polarization and feeding problems. In this work, stepped impedance feed reconfigurable slotted elliptical patch antenna (SRSEPA) is proposed and the multi band radiation is achieved using dual resonators and dual PIN diodes. The switching of diodes made four modes of operation that allow multiple bands of operation. Mode 0,3 are triple and Mode 1,2 are dual and operations with different band widths. These different band width wireless communications that include ISM band and Ku and applications the partial ground made the antenna radiate with dipole radiation patters. The patch is printed on 0.8 mm thickness and 30 X 40 mm2 sized FR4 substrate with 4.2 substrate relative constant and 0.02 loss tangent. In this multiple slots are provided multiple bands and stepped impedance feeding technique is used. The antenna is designed and simulated using HFSS tool
Geometric formulations on wireless sensors based spatial protocol for intrusion detection using factor graphs
Authors: Sureshkumar K , Vimala P 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Restriction on intrusions is one of the foremost aspects of security to conserve the resources in a wireless network. The perimeter of the shadowing zone where in sensing and connectivity are simultaneously changing had to be estimated to prevent intruders. So the proposed work estimates a relationship between the data transmissions and computational time to find the trust factor of channels using factor graphs. Subsequently, estimating the Value of Information (VoI), contention time, and topological significance based on sensing power to alleviate blind spots had been observed to identify intrusions. Factor graph-based routing scenarios capable of handling channel uncertainties in time-triggered wireless sensor communication are indicated with edges and their factors. The process of local interactions with edges provides inference of intrusions to determine global solutions to preserve the network and its data transfer.
Design of Low-Drop-Out Voltage Regulator using CMOS Technology for Microprocessor Applications
Authors: Kusumanchi TPS Kumar , Ernest Ravindran R S , Jaya Sankar Krishna K , Faruq Hussain B. , Divyasree P. , Sujatha M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The demand for electronic devices has increased due to continuous change in technology and its parameters. Low-Drop-Out [LDO] voltage regulator is utilised for power management and avoids unstable voltage in many electronicapplications.In this present investigation, a comprehensive characterization of a LDO in Complementary metal oxide semi-conductor technology [CMOS] is simulated using mentor graphics tool. The error amplifier of the low-drop-out voltage employed using 7 transistors for current mirroring technique. To manage the voltage differential, a pass transistor is created in a similar way utilising PMOS. Resistors and capacitors are passive components used in feedback network circuits and to reduce output voltage volatility, respectively. The suggested circuit achieves 140 mV of dropout voltage with a constant voltage of 1.6 V with a supply voltage range of 2 to 4.2 V and 4.16 mW of power consumption..
Evaluation and Comparison of Power Spectral Density for GPS Signals using UTC and NMC Parameters
Authors: Kiran S S , Revathi R. , Ramesh K. S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
GPS Signals (L1 C/A, L2 & L5) are widely used for accurate location determination and appropriate navigation with the support of GPS Receivers data. This paper provides generation of GPS Legacy Navigation data, evaluation of Power Spectral Density (PSD) of L1 C/A, L2 & L5 signals using frame structure, obtained the autocorrelation of GPS C/A (Coarse Acquisition) – Code & Precision Code and PSD of complex Baseband GPS Signal. With the help of the received signal, create a Navigational System Based GPS (NSBG). Various parameters like a clock, “Universal-Time-Coordinated”-(UTC), ionosphere, and – “Navigation-Message-Correction”-(NMC) are necessary to test the receiver side. The proposed work is obtain the evaluation of Power Spectral Density (PSD) for complex Baseband GPS Signals like L1 C/A, L2 & L5 using frame structure and the autocorrelation of GPS C/A (Coarse Acquisition) – Code & Precision Code.
Approximating the pareto fronts for synthesis of planar antenna array using binary cat swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Vankayalapati Sahiti , Pappula Lakshman , Kumar KTPS , rao K. Narayana , Raju K. Hemanth Kumar , Vinay V. Sai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Various performance indices like peak sidelobe level (PSLL), first null beamwidth (FNBW) and count of elements contrast to each other while designing an antenna array. A swarm-based intelligence mechanism has been discussed here for optimizing these performance indices. In particular, a pareto front is approximated for bringing out the best compromised array performance having low PSLL with narrow FNBW while maintaining a smaller number of antenna elements. A thinned planar antenna array of 20×10 was synthesized using multi-objective modified binary cat swarm optimization (MO-BCSO) algorithm to obtain the optimal positions of the array elements. The indicated technique is most appropriate for the synthesis of large antenna arrays.