bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gregariousness in lepidopteran larvae
Authors: Qian Chenyu , Wen Chao , Guo Xiaoli , Yang Xinya , Wen Xiujun , Ma Tao , Wang Cai 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe gregarious lifestyle of lepidopteran larvae is diverse and shaped by a complex interplay of ecological and evolutionary factors. Our review showed that the larval‐aggregation behavior has been reported in 23 lepidopteran families, indicating multiple evolution of this behavior. Some larvae live in sibling groups throughout all larval instars and even pupation stages, which may result from the kin‐selection. In contrast, group fusion may occur among different sibling or foraging groups of larvae and form larger aggregates, and the gregariousness of these species might be driven by the group‐selection. While group size and foraging patterns vary greatly across species, it is generally associated with improved larval survivorship and accelerated development. However, the advantages of group living, such as facilitating feeding activities, adjusting the temperature, and defending natural enemies, may diminish along with development, with strong intraspecific competition occurring at later instars, even when food is abundant. Therefore, the group sizes and fission–fusion dynamics of certain gregarious lepidopteran larvae may be a consequence of their cost–benefit balance depending on various biotic and abiotic factors. Trail and aggregation pheromones, silk trails, or body contact contribute to collective movement and group cohesion of gregarious lepidopteran larvae. However, frequent contact among group members may cause the horizontal transmission of pathogens and pesticides, which may bring an integrated pest management strategy controlling gregarious lepidopteran pests.
How to apply zero‐shot learning to text data in substance use research: An overview and tutorial with media data
Authors: Riordan Benjamin , Bonela Abraham Albert , He Zhen , Nibali Aiden , Anderson‐Luxford Dan , Kuntsche Emmanuel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA vast amount of media‐related text data is generated daily in the form of social media posts, news stories or academic articles. These text data provide opportunities for researchers to analyse and understand how substance‐related issues are being discussed. The main methods to analyse large text data (content analyses or specifically trained deep‐learning models) require substantial manual annotation and resources. A machine‐learning approach called ‘zero‐shot learning’ may be quicker, more flexible and require fewer resources. Zero‐shot learning uses models trained on large, unlabelled (or weakly labelled) data sets to classify previously unseen data into categories on which the model has not been specifically trained. This means that a pre‐existing zero‐shot learning model can be used to analyse media‐related text data without the need for task‐specific annotation or model training. This approach may be particularly important for analysing data that is time critical. This article describes the relatively new concept of zero‐shot learning and how it can be applied to text data in substance use research, including a brief practical tutorial.
PPSurf: Combining Patches and Point Convolutions for Detailed Surface Reconstruction
Authors: Erler Philipp , Fuentes‐Perez Lizeth , Hermosilla Pedro , Guerrero Paul , Pajarola Renato , Wimmer Michael 
Published: January 2024

Abstract3D surface reconstruction from point clouds is a key step in areas such as content creation, archaeology, digital cultural heritage and engineering. Current approaches either try to optimize a non‐data‐driven surface representation to fit the points, or learn a data‐driven prior over the distribution of commonly occurring surfaces and how they correlate with potentially noisy point clouds. Data‐driven methods enable robust handling of noise and typically either focus on a global or a local prior, which trade‐off between robustness to noise on the global end and surface detail preservation on the local end. We propose PPSurf as a method that combines a global prior based on point convolutions and a local prior based on processing local point cloud patches. We show that this approach is robust to noise while recovering surface details more accurately than the current state‐of‐the‐art. Our source code, pre‐trained model and dataset are available at https://github.com/cg‐tuwien/ppsurf.
S3‐Leitlinie Atopische Dermatitis: Teil 1‐ Allgemeine Aspekte, topische und nichtmedikamentöse Therapien, besondere Patientengruppen
Authors: Werfel Thomas , Heratizadeh Annice , Aberer Werner , Augustin Matthias , Biedermann Tilo , Bauer Andrea , Fölster‐Holst Regina , Kahle Julia , Kinberger Maria , Nemat Katja , Neustädter Irena , Peters Eva , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Schmid‐Grendelmeier Peter , Schmitt Jochen , Schwennesen Thomas , Simon Dagmar , Spindler Thomas , Traidl‐Hoffmann Claudia , Werner Ricardo Niklas , Wollenberg Andreas , Worm Margitta , Ott Hagen 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungDiese S3‐Leitlinie wurde auf der Basis der europäischen S3‐Leitlinie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der medizinischen Gegebenheiten im deutschsprachigen Raum und mit Ergänzungen der deutschsprachigen Vorgängerversion erstellt. Die interdisziplinäre Leitlinienkommission bestand aus Vertretern der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, dem Berufsverband der Deutschen Dermatologen, der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Dermatologie und Venerologie, der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Dermatologie und Venerologie, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und Klinische Immunologie, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kinder‐ und Jugendmedizin, dem Berufsverband der Kinder‐ und Jugendärzte, der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Rehabilitation und Prävention, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychosomatische Medizin und Ärztliche Psychotherapie, dem Deutschen Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung, dem Deutschen Neurodermitis Bund und dem Deutschen Allergie‐ und Asthmabund. Dieser erste Teil der Leitlinie geht auf die Definition und die diagnostischen Aspekte der atopischen Dermatitis (AD) ein, behandelt die topische Therapie sowie die nichtmedikamentösen Therapieverfahren wie die UV‐Therapie, die psychoedukative Therapie, diätische Interventionen bei AD, die Allergen‐spezifische Immuntherapie bei AD und die Komplementärmedizin. Auch behandelt dieser Teil der Leitlinie die besonderen Aspekte der AD bei Kindern und Jugendlichen, in der Schwangerschaft und in der Stillzeit sowie bei Kinderwunsch. Außerdem wird auf berufsbezogene Aspekte der AD eingegangen und die Perspektive der Patienten hervorgehoben. Der zweite, separat publizierte Teil der Leitlinie adressiert die systemische Therapie der AD.
Prävalenz der Psoriasis und Psoriasis‐Arthritis in Deutschland – Analyse von Routinedaten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung
Authors: Hagenström Kristina , Müller Katharina , Garbe Claudia , Augustin Matthias 
Published: January 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungEs gibt nur wenige Studien zur Epidemiologie der Psoriasis und Psoriasis‐Arthritis in Deutschland. Ziel dieser Studie war es, diese Prävalenz anhand verschiedener Falldefinitionen zu schätzen.MethodenEs wurden Daten der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) untersucht (2017 bis 2019). Die Prävalenz wurde anhand von drei verschiedenen Falldefinitionen analysiert und validiert: (1) mindestens eine stationäre oder ambulante Diagnose innerhalb eines Jahres (2) mindestens zwei ambulante Diagnosen innerhalb eines Jahres (3) zusätzlich innerhalb von drei Jahren.ErgebnisseDie administrative Prävalenz der Psoriasis inklusive Psoriasis‐Arthritis lag zwischen 1,90% und 2,51%. Bei allen Falldefinitionen nahm die Prävalenz mit dem Alter zu, wobei sie bei der Psoriasis ab einem Alter von 70 Jahren und bei der Psoriasis‐Arthritis ab einem Alter von 65 Jahren sank. Männer waren im höheren Alter häufiger betroffen (p <0,0001), während in der Altersgruppe der unter 20‐Jährigen mehr Mädchen betroffen waren (p = 0,04).SchlussfolgerungDie Psoriasis ist eine häufige Hauterkrankung in Deutschland. Die interne Diagnosenvalidierung hat gezeigt, dass in zukünftigen Studien mit GKV‐Routinedaten, je nach Fragestellung, die engen oder weiten Kriterien zur Identifizierung von Patienten mit Psoriasis verwendet werden sollten.
Eocene extensional tectonics in the Amakusa region, northern Ryukyu arc
Authors: Ushimaru Kentaro , Yamaji Atsushi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPaleogene surface tectonics in Japan is not well understood because of the paucity of onshore Paleogene stratigraphic records except for those from accretionary complexes. Paralic Paleogene formations remaining in SW Japan are usually so thin that it is difficult to decipher the tectonics from them. However, the Eocene paralic sedimentary package with a thickness of kilometers indicates syn‐depositional tectonic subsidence by a few kilometers in the Amakusa archipelago, west of Kyushu Island. Thus, we made a detailed geological map of the Eocene formations in an area of ~50 square kilometers in the northwestern part of the archipelago. We identified NE‐SW and NW‐SE trending normal faults, most of which were recognized by previous researchers, and also discovered low‐angle faults. NW‐SE trending ones are known to be of the Miocene. NE‐SW trending and low‐angle normal faults are the oldest map‐scale structures in the Eocene ones. It is not obvious within the above‐mentioned area whether those normal faults are accompanied by growth strata. However, the significant southeastward thickening of the Eocene formations across the Amakusa archipelago suggests that they filled a large half graben with the basin margin fault along the eastern side of the archipelago. This basin model is consistent with the N‐S to NW‐SE transport directions of the low‐angle and NE‐SW trending normal faults. Since many NE‐SW to EW trending Eocene grabens were formed in the offshore regions west of Kyushu Island and in the East China Sea, the Amakusa region was probably a northeastern branch of the rift system. The geologic structures and depositional ages of the Eocene formations indicate that the Eocene extensional tectonics removed the overlying strata to some extent for the high‐P/T Takahama Metamorphic Rocks which crops out to the south of our study area.
Predictive value of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria combined with handgrip strength for postoperative outcomes in overweight colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Chen Weizhe , Yu Dingye , Ren Qi , Shen Zile , Huang Guowei , Chen Xiaolei , Dong Qiantong , Yu Zhen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThe Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are increasingly used to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized patients and predict the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors; however, malnutrition is often overlooked in overweight individuals, such as colorectal cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the GLIM criteria combined with handgrip strength (HGS) in overweight colorectal cancer patients.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled overweight patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer at two centers between 2015 and 2021. Malnutrition was diagnosed based on the GLIM criteria. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed using the skeletal muscle index, and skeletal muscle function was assessed using the HGS test. The risk factors for complications and survival were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 850 patients were enrolled in the study. The incidence of malnutrition in the GLIM and HGS‐GLIM groups was 12.4% and 6.4%, respectively. The incidence of total complications in both the malnutrition groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. Patients in the HGS‐GLIM‐malnutrition group had worse overall survival and disease‐free survival. HGS‐GLIM was independently associated with postoperative complications (P = 0.046), overall survival (P = 0.037), and disease‐free survival (P = 0.047).ConclusionThe GLIM criteria combined with the HGS test is an effective tool for diagnosing malnutrition. Particularly, these modalities are applicable in overweight colorectal cancer patients. Compared with the standard GLIM criteria, this tool has a better predictive value for postoperative complications and long‐term survival.
Lipidomics‐based analysis of lipid differences between dry skin of women aged 22–28 years and 29–35 years
Authors: Bi Yongxian , Liu Jinjun , Li Hao , Sun Jinyue , Ding Wenyu , He Congfen , Jia Yan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe skin condition of women is different at different ages, and skin surface lipids are also different. According to the “7–7 theory” of the Huangdi Neijing, the physiological condition of women changes significantly every 7 years, and women aged 22–28 are in the “4–7” stage as mentioned in the “7–7 theory” of the Huangdi Neijing. Women's skin is in different states at different ages and produces different lipids.ObjectivesTo explore the key lipids that contribute to skin differences between women aged 22–28 and 29–35 years, and to explore the relationship with physiological parameters and daily routine.MethodsDifferential lipids were detected and screened between 22–28 year old (group D1) and 29–35 year old (group D2) dry‐skinned women using UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS and correlated between the two groups with questionnaires and physiological parameters based on basic information, lifestyle habits, work situation, and emotional stress.ResultsThe results showed that all of the eight major classes of lipids had the highest expression in the D2 group, with the largest differences in glycerophospholipids, glycerol esters, and fatty acids. The BMI value of D2 group was higher than that of D1 group, the skin elasticity index (R2) and brightness index (L, a, ITA values) were lower than that of D1 group, and Cer (d18:0/16:0) was positively correlated with the R2, L, a, and ITA, and LMSP01080056 (N,N‐dimethyl‐Safingol) was positively correlated with the b‐value, the LMSPGP03020013, LMSPGP03020014, LMSP03020024 were significantly negatively correlated with R2.ConclusionsCer(d18:0/16:0) is a neurosphingol that inhibits elastase expression. N,N‐dimethyl‐Safingol readily undergoes oxidation to form yellow‐brown solids. The macromolecular structure and excessive carbonyl structure of [LMGP0302] are susceptible to cross‐linking and carbonyl stress reactions, which accelerate skin aging and reduce skin elasticity, and thus, they may be key lipids contributing to skin differences between the two age groups.
Characteristic hysteroscopy appearance considerations for detecting uterine endometrial malignancies
Authors: Matsumoto Yoko , Yamaguchi Kohei , Maruyama Masanori , Sone Kenbun , Mori‐Uchino Mayuyo , Hirota Yasushi , Wada‐Hiraike Osamu , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe effectiveness of hysteroscopy in diagnosing endometrial lesions has been demonstrated, showing high diagnostic accuracy for malignant endometrial lesions. Although the characteristic appearances of atypical and malignant endometria have been reported, they are not definitive and sometimes complicated. This study aimed to identify a small number of characteristic features to detect endometrial abnormalities using a simple judgment system and analyze the diagnostic characteristics and their accuracy in endometrial malignancy diagnosis.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of hysteroscopy video data of 250 patients, of which we selected for analysis based on pathology examination 152 cases with benign changes, 16 with atypical endometrium, and 18 with carcinoma in situ or endometrial cancer. Endometrial characteristics assessed included protrusion, desquamation, extended vessel, atypical vessel, and white/yellow lesion.ResultsMultivariable analysis revealed that desquamation (p = 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 5.28), atypical vessels (p < 0.001, OR 8.50), and white/yellow lesions (p = 0.011, OR 1.37) were significant predictors for endometrial malignancy. From their contribution status, scoring points of 4, 6, and 1 were settled according to the odds ratio proportions. When scores ≥5 (at least both desquamation and white/yellow lesions or only atypical vessels) were used to define endometrial malignancy, sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 92%, respectively. When detecting cancer, atypical, and benign cases, sensitivity and specificity were 88% and 90%, respectively.ConclusionOur characteristics hysteroscopic findings showed a higher predictive ability in detecting endometrial malignancies. However, further examination with more cases would be needed to accurately diagnose endometrial malignancy by hysteroscopy.
Modern welfare in the United Kingdom is a universal (dis)credit to Beveridge. Is it time for a basic income?
Authors: Beck Dave , Peters Remco , Bridge Gemma , Poitier Francis , Pearson Ben 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUniversal Credit signalled a revolution in the delivery and costs of welfare provisioning. UC aimed to reduce spending on welfare, but in doing so now threatens the stability of a functioning and cohesive society. Over recent years, and most notably during the COVID‐19 pandemic, it has become ever clearer that adequate social security is vital to the functioning of society, as well as to the health and well‐being of the population. Yet this period has also served to highlight the fragility and insufficiency of welfare in the United Kingdom. This article explores how the current welfare crisis, is associated with UC. In this article, we also consider the uncertainty that UC has created in most recipients. We argue that there are other ways to support the most vulnerable in society, and that we are now at that critical juncture in needing to make significant change. Universal Basic Income (UBI) offers one such alternative by offering stable, individual, non‐means tested, and unconditional money transfers, to all citizens. Over the last decade, there have been multiple experiments around the world trialling basic income, each of which has a specific focus, or target population, as different elements of a UBI were scrutinised. In this article, we reflect upon what we consider to be the potential shortcomings of the current welfare system in the United Kingdom as a move away from its origin, arguing that the United Kingdom is now primed for UBI to be considered a fair and legitimate way to provide social security.
Steady and Unsteady Complex Heat Transfer in Optically Thick Medium During Film Boiling
Authors: Avramenko A. A. , Shevchuk I. V. , Kovetskaya M. M. , Kovetska Y. Y. , Konyk A. V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of radiative-convective heat transfer at film boiling of a liquid on a vertical heated plate. Both a steady-state problem of heat transfer and a transient problem were considered. The latter describes the instantaneous (flash) boiling up of a liquid on a heated surface. The novelty of the present study is the use of the optically thick medium approximation in a mathematical model when studying the process of radiation-convective heat transfer in the film boiling regime. For the first time, radiation heat transfer was considered for an optically thick medium. An analytical solution of the steady-state problems is obtained for boundary conditions involving a constant wall temperature and a constant wall heat flux. The effect of radiation and the temperature difference between the wall and liquid on the temperature profiles in the vapor phase is shown. The effect of radiation becomes more pronounced with an increase in the temperature difference between the wall and the liquid. As a result of solving the transient problem, the variation in time of the temperature profile and the heat transfer coefficient in the vapor film were obtained. The effect of radiation (Stark number) on the heat transfer coefficients is elucidated. An increase in the radiative heat flux leads to an increase in the Nusselt number, as well as the time it takes for the heat transfer process to reach a steady-state regime.
Enhancement of Radiative Power Using a Divergent Splitter Plate Design in H2–Air Non-Premixed Micro-Combustor
Authors: Sankar Vinay , Mukhopadhyay Sudipto , Kishore Velamati Ratna 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Micro-combustion based power generation devices can be considered as future alternatives to batteries in miniature electronic devices. Micro-combustors operating in non-premixed mode are free from flashback but face the challenge of properly mixing fuel and air within a small volume. In this work, the effect of a divergent fuel–air splitter design on the mixing performance and combustion characteristics of H2–air fueled diffusion micro-combustor is studied. The laminar reacting flow is simulated using the finite volume method and a detailed hydrogen kinetic mechanism. Three divergent splitter designs are compared with the commonly used rectangular splitter to study the effect on radiation power, an essential parameter for thermophotovoltaic power generation. The best-performing divergent and base rectangular splitter designs are investigated in detail. The study shows that the micro-combustor with divergent splitter design reduces mixing distance (Lmix) by 5–23% depending on inlet velocity and channel height. With the divergent splitter, the peak value of the heat release rate also increases slightly, implying enhanced combustion. The divergent splitter increases the high-temperature surface area of the outer wall as compared to the rectangular splitter. This leads to the micro-combustor with divergent splitter producing significantly higher radiation power (&gt;10%) than the rectangular splitter for larger channel heights and higher inlet velocities.
Direct Measurements of Vortex-Induced Vibrations on a Horizontal Flexible Cylinder in Water
Authors: Cenci Fredi , de Lima Gontarski Aline Leal , Felippe Chame Maria Eduarda , Peri Machado dos Santos Cláudia Martins , Trentin Gonçalves Rodolfo , Condino Fujarra André Luís 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This work presents experimental results on vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a horizontal cylinder with 2.69 m in length, 21 mm in diameter, and a mass ratio equal to 3.9. The experiments were carried out in a towing tank, where the flexible cylinder was towed under constant current profiles. Twenty reduced velocities were tested in a range of 1.75 &lt; Vr &lt; 15.79, corresponding to Reynolds numbers from 1000 to 10,000. The displacements were measured directly through a submerged optical system that simultaneously acquired the in-line and cross-flow movements of 18 reflective targets along the length. The extensive monitored section of the model enabled the application of a modal decomposition technique, which is a methodology that is still relatively unexplored through direct measurements. A comprehensive analysis was applied and the VIV responses related to amplitudes, frequencies, phase angles, and trajectories are shown and discussed in depth. The overall dynamics exhibits a multimodal response behavior, and the modal decomposition procedure has conclusively confirmed that the total amplitude comprises several modes vibrating at the dominant mode frequency. Root mean square values of response amplitude were up to 0.77D and 0.23D in the cross-flow and in-line directions, respectively. The cross-flow synchronization had a significant impact on the in-line excitation modes, and the trajectories showed coherence between motions.