bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption, BMI, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis
Authors: Llamosas-Falcón Laura , Rehm Jürgen , Bright Sophie , Buckley Charlotte , Carr Tessa , Kilian Carolin , Lasserre Aurélie M. , Lemp Julia M. , Zhu Yachen , Probst Charlotte 
Published: October 2023

Background
Moderate alcohol use may be associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous reviews have reached mixed conclusions.

Purpose
To quantify the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and T2DM, accounting for differential effects by sex and BMI.

Data Sources
Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and one secondary data source.

Study Selection
Cohort studies on the relationship between alcohol use and T2DM.

Data Extraction
Fifty-five studies, and one secondary data source, were included with a combined sample size of 1,363,355 men and 1,290,628 women, with 89,983 and 57,974 individuals, respectively, diagnosed with T2DM.

Data Synthesis
Multivariate dose-response meta-analytic random-effect models were used. For women, a J-shaped relationship was found with a maximum risk reduction of 31% (relative risk [RR] 0.69, 95% CI 0.64–0.74) at an intake of 16 g of pure alcohol per day compared with lifetime abstainers. The protective association ceased above 49 g per day (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–0.99). For men, no statistically significant relationship was identified. When results were stratified by BMI, the protective association was only found in overweight and obese women.

Limitations
Our analysis relied on aggregate data. We included some articles that determined exposure and cases via self-report, and the studies did not account for temporal variations in alcohol use.

Conclusions
The observed reduced risk seems to be specific to women in general and women with a BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Our findings allow for a more precise prediction of the sex-specific relationship between T2DM and alcohol use, as our results differ from those of previous studies.
PENGARUH POLA PENGASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP KREATIVITAS ANAK USIA DINI DI TK AISYIYAH KlODRAN COLOMADU KARANGANYAR
Authors: Sulis Setiawati Alfina Endah , Astuti Wili 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif (Quantitatif Research). Dimana sebagian besar latar belakang pekerjaan orang tua di TK Aisyiyah Klodran berprofesi sebagai wiraswasta maka peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola asuh orang tua terhadap kreativitas anak usia dini di TK Aisyiyah Klodran terletak di kecamatan Colomadu Kab. Karanganyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer untuk memperoleh data melalui penyebaran angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil uji prasyarat menunjukan bahwa data berdistribusi normal. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji t. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Terdapat pengaruh pola asuh otoriter terhadap kreativitas anak di TK aisyiyah klodran colomadu karanganyar. Memiliki pengaruh yang cukup tinggi dengan tanda 0.546. bahwa thitung= 3,80014 > ttabel 1,68830, 2) Terdapat pengaruh pola asuh demokratis terhadap kreativitas anak di TK aisyiyah klodran colomadu karanganyar. Memiliki pengaruh yang cukup tinggi, dengan tanda 0.546, bahwa thitung= 3,80014 > ttabel 1,68830, 3) Terdapat pengaruh pola asuh permisif terhadap kreativitas anak di TK aisyiyah klodran colomadu karanganyar. Memiliki pengaruh yang cukup tinggi, dengan adanya tanda 0.546. bahwa thitung= 3,80014 > ttabel 1,68830, 4) Terdapat pengaruh pola asuh orang tua terhadap kreativitas anak di TK aisyiyah klodran colomadu karanganyar. Memiliki kategori cukup tinggi yaitu r= 0.546 dengan t hitung 3,80014 > dari Ttab 1,68830.
The proper subject as a prerequisite for the admissibility of evidence: court practice
Authors: Dragan O. 
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to certain issues of admissibility of evidence in criminal proceedings, taking into account judicial practice accordingly. The notes emphasizes one of the most important issues in criminal proceedings is the issue of obtaining evidence by the proper subjects. At the same time, in the spotlight when deciding on the admissibility of evidence, should be the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Based on the Supreme Court litigation and the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights, the article allocates a number of problematic aspects that arise in practical work, as a result, leads to the recognition an evidence as inadmissible due to their receipt by improper subject of proof.
Since the decision of a court or international judicial institution that has entered into force and establishes a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine and international treaties ratified by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is of prejudicial importance for the court that decides on the admissibility of evidence, the Supreme Court’s practice on these issues is undoubtedly subject to study, detailed analysis and further application in practice.
Only on the basis of evidentiary information are the subjects of criminal proceedings authorized to make procedural decisions regarding criminal law conflict and ensuring human rights and freedoms.
The investigator, prosecutor, and investigating judge evaluate the evidence already collected and verified during the pre-trial investigation when making relevant procedural decisions. Of course, the evaluation of evidence by the court during the trial is of great importance, since it is the court that decides on the guilt or innocence of a person in committing a criminal offense when passing a verdict.
The author concludes that investigators, procedural supervisors, and investigating judges should take into account the legal positions of the Supreme Court in their activities and prevent the violations pointed out by the author in this article with reference to the Supreme Court rulings.
Dactyloscopic accounting in Ukraine: legal regulation and development trends
Authors: Knizhenko S. , Sharaban O. 
Published: October 2023

In the process of performing their duties, employees of the National Police of Ukraine are constantly faced with the task of identifying a person based on biometric data. One of the types of such identification is identification by fingerprints. According to the current legislation, the National Police fills and maintains up-to-date registers and data bases (banks) that are part of the unified information system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, including collecting biometric data of individuals through fingerprinting.
Automated dactyloscopic identification systems are also used in expert services. In addition, information on the biometric characteristics of a person is also contained in the State Migration Service of Ukraine, which is a subdivision of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. It ensures maintenance of the Unified State Demographic Register, where biometric data (parameters) of a person are recorded. The latter means digitized fingerprints, digitized face image.
Thus, pretrial investigation bodies within the framework of criminal proceedings in order to obtain information about the biometric parameters of a person can turn to specialists not only of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, but also to the Department of Information and Analytical Support of the National Police of Ukraine, the State Migration Service of Ukraine.
The Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine defines only the procedure for taking biological samples from a person for examination as part of criminal proceedings. The rules of collection, accumulation, storage, use and destruction of biometric data are disclosed only in secondary legal acts, which have many contradictions among themselves. Unfortunately, in our country there are cases when the information contained in the information and search systems of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is not deleted in a timely manner, which violates the rights and freedoms of citizens.
Therefore, the legal regulation of the collection of biometric data is extremely important and relevant, as many issues remain unsettled at the legislative level.
Today, the current system of automated dactyloscopic records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine needs technical improvement and legal regulation of data collection with respect for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms. The authors propose to resolve the issue of legal support for dactyloscopic registration and other biometric data by adopting a law on biometric registration, which would define its types, the order of formation and use. Researchers consider it necessary to implement multimodal biometric technologies that can search for several biometric parameters with the possibility of combining them.
Regarding the maximum age for holding the position of a judge
Authors: Osipova O. 
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of establishing age restrictions for persons holding judicial positions and their impact on the quality of justice in Ukraine.
It is shown that in modern conditions of martial law in Ukraine, there is an acute shortage of judges, which negatively affects the state of judicial administration. One of the factors leading to this is the automatic termination of judicial powers by persons who have reached the maximum age of holding the office of a judge established by law.
It has been proven that the age of a judge, more than 65 years old, under the condition of proper mental and physical health, is rather an advantage, rather than a disadvantage compared to judges of a young age, given the acquired experience and high professionalism.
A comparative analysis of the norms of the current legislation regarding age restrictions for the positions of judges and other authorities was carried out. Based on the study of the experience of foreign countries, a tendency towards a high age limit for the position of judge in order to terminate their powers was revealed.
It was established that the most acceptable for Ukraine is the experience of the USA, where there are no age restrictions for holding the position of a judge.
It was concluded that holding the office of a judge without age restrictions contributes to the elimination of the personnel shortage of judges, the preservation of an experienced and highly professional corps of judges.
Attention was drawn to the fact that the forced dismissal of a judge on the basis of an age limit bears signs of discrimination in the labor sphere.
It is proposed to make appropriate changes to the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges” regarding the removal of restrictions on the tenure of a judge by age and the establishment of control over the state of their mental and physical health. To do this, stipulate the duty of judges (regardless of their age) to undergo medical examinations once every five years, including in drug and psychiatric institutions, and to attach to the materials of their judicial file documents of the established form on the state of physical and mental health.
Outer Space Public Law: the 1958-1963 period. Part 1.
Authors: Marinich V. , Myklush M. , Yara O. 
Published: October 2023

This is the third article in the study related to analyzing the process of regulation of space activities. Considering the results of previous studies of documents adopted by the international community during the 1958 -1963 period in the field of regulation of space activities, this article pays special attention to the formation process of Outer Space Public Law.
The article describes the international community`s initiatives, including the UN General Assembly, which can be considered the first elements in the general design of Outer Space Public Law.
At the same time, the form of these elements may seem non-standard and even controversial, taking into account the fact that at this stage Outer Space Public Law was just in its infancy.
However, as has already been discussed in previous studies, we should not expect from the “Outer Space Law” the form in which this “Law” is accustomed to consider, due to the exclusivity of the environment to which this new “Law” was formed.
Summarizing the study of legal documents on space activities during the 1958-1963 period, we can state that already in this period the first principles, concepts, and rules of space activities were formed, which led to the emergence and development of a completely new area of law, namely, the so-called Outer Space Law.
At the same time, it was established that at the end of 1963, the Outer Space Public Law already existed, which mainly consisted of Conventionalis stipulatio, developed in the form of Resolutions and Declarations of the UN General Assembly.
Certainly, it is necessary to recognize that the Outer Space Law had many gaps, shortcomings, and unresolved issues at the early stage of its development. However, it is these nuances that today make it possible to understand how this field of law should be further developed.
Guardianship of children deprived of parental care in war conditions: social and legal aspect
Authors: Zaborovskyy V. , Zaborovska S. 
Published: October 2023

Within the scope of this article, the socio-legal nature of the institution of guardianship of children deprived of parental care is revealed through the prism of the study of economic, socio-political and other factors that negatively affect the increase in the number of orphans and children deprived of parental care, who are among the most vulnerable and defenseless categories of the civilian population. The position is argued according to which, in recent years, Ukraine has been faced with many socio- political, economic and other factors that negatively affect its ability to ensure proper social protection of its population, especially children. Attention is drawn to the fact that along with the usual, traditional factors of recent decades (antisocial behavior of parents, their alcoholism and drug addiction, problems with employment, economic instability, labor migration of parents, low level of moral and spiritual life, especially of the younger generation, which is manifested in the increase the number of divorces, the birth of children out of wedlock as a result of the devaluation of the institutions of marriage and family, etc.), without a doubt, military actions played a role in the significant deterioration of the social situation of children.
The article also reveals the positions of scientists regarding the possibilities of overcoming such negative factors, in particular by providing adequate social and psychological needs of children deprived of parental care. A conclusion is drawn, on the one hand, regarding the need to develop a reliable mechanism of psychological assistance for such children, which requires the state to take a comprehensive, multisystem approach to providing it to them, especially to those children who received psychological trauma from the war in order to overcome its consequences, and on the other hand, for under no circumstances should the state delay the process of forming such a mechanism.
Implementation of the principle of people’s ownership: nutritional theory and legal status
Authors: Zaborovskyy V. , Kharuta V. 
Published: October 2023

It appears that the Constitution of Ukraine has voted for the sovereignty and united power of the people, which it implements directly through the bodies of state power and local self-government. The main manifestation of the power of the people is the referendum and free elections. The forms of centralized people’s rule, which are enshrined in Section 3 of the Constitution, play an initial role for the current political constitutionalism, which directly contributes to the development of a huge partnership between the powers that we hope is possible It is possible to provide the free-willed population with the widest range of nutrition. State power and local self-government function effectively due to the presence of developed institutions of direct democracy. Today’s practice of establishing the hidden forms of middle-free democracy significantly outpaces the theoretical developments in this area. The nutrition itself is voluminous, and at the same time there are a great number of gaps and gaps in the possibility of constitutional consolidation of new forms of unmediated democracy, especially in justice.
It appears that direct democracy in the state-legal system means ensuring the control and accountability of representative bodies before their voters, interspersed with Swaville. In other words, direct democracy is a specific mechanism, an institution in the middle of a democratic regime, which is equally important to the functioning of representative democracy. It appears that in legal literature there are different meanings of the concept of “form (institution) of middle-of-the-road democracy.” From the legal scientific literature it is clear that the forms of direct democracy mean “the ways and means of direct control over the people or any part of them, which includes the transfer of ownership to any bodies or individuals.”
On the basis of the analysis of scientific issues, the authors share the firm belief (L. Shipilov) in favor of direct democracy, that access to the stated ideal implies the convergence of “pure” non-median forms of economic power from the professional sphere the integrity of the state authorities. Only through the steady mutual interaction of the representative form in all types of people, permanent legitimation of delegated power, bilateral communication Together with the people and their representatives, mass political participation will be ensured. In this case, the ideological basis of people’s rule is popular sovereignty, the supremacy of power over the people, which actually works in the interests of the people. The idea of popular sovereignty played an extremely important role in the development of marriage, in the formation of democratic ambushes in the political life of various countries (A. Kolodiy).
Legal reflection of postmodernism on human behavior
Authors: Rohozianskyi V. 
Published: October 2023

The article characterizes the specifics of postmodernism and outlines the peculiarities of its legal reflection in human behavior. It is noted that postmodernism is a philosophical category that defines the moral and mental specificity of the era in general, it appears as a global, all-encompassing reflection on modern realities and changes that have occurred or are occurring in human life, consciousness, and behavior. The main feature of this new culture is concern about the position of the individual in modern society, in which there is a constant improvement of communicative means of legal, intellectual, worldview, and ideological mastery of a person. Postmodernism, on the one hand, rejects modernist legal and social values, and on the other hand, rethinks the legal and social matter of the past, borrowing and adapting previously developed forms.
It was noted that postmodernism is expressed in the behavior of a person, his responsibility before the law, morals and ethics, the correlation of technical achievements with legal humanism (humanity and ideals of man), the development of a new ecological legal consciousness, the creation of a truly social democracy, which combines the principles of freedom, equality and justice Additional aspects of the postmodern paradigm are expressed in the development of post-materialist legal values, beliefs, norms and stereotypes of behavior. They are embodied in a new attitude to races and classes, to nature, the problem of war and peace, which is formed under the influence of new social movements: ecological, gender, peace movements. Hence, values are not lost, but their reorientation, adaptation to new social realities takes place.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM UNTUK TPQ IMMAMUL MUTTAQIN BERBASIS MOBILE
Authors: Sandi Prasetyo Putra Ariyanto  
Published: October 2023

Abstrak – Pendidikan agama Islam adalah yang wajib dikenal, dipelajari, dan diajarkan oleh setiap umat Islam. Pendidikan agama Islam sudah diajarkan ketika balita hingga perguruan tinggi. Sejak dini anak perlu diajarkan tentang ajaran agama Islam. Jaman sekarang masih banyak siswa-siswi sekolah dasar (SD) belum paham tentang ajaran agama Islam, karena di jaman sekarang ini buku-buku ajaran agama Islam kurang diminati dan membosankan jika dibaca atau dipelajari karena kurang menarik dan juga pengajar di TPQ Immamul Muttaqin masih menggunakan metode pembelajaran dengan menggunakan papan tulis dan ceramah yang membuat anak-anak mudah bosan. Walaupun sudah diajarkan tentang ajaran agama Islam di sekolahan atau di TPQ belom tentu anak itu akan mengingat pelajaran agama yang diberikan oleh pengajar. Maka perlu melakukan penggantian media papan tulis dialihkan ke media pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam berbasis mobile supaya pengguna terkhususnya anak-anak lebih bersemangat dalam mempelajari ajaran agama Islam sejak dini dalam pantauan orang tua. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam terkhususnya untuk anak-anak dan memfasilitasi pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang ajaran agama Islam.
The Impact of Exposure on Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Jahrani Ahmad , Listia Rina 
Published: October 2023

Exposure to English is something that learners experience in their daily lives. When they are doing their everyday activities, they will encounter English words. When they watch television, listen to a song, play games, or scroll through social media, they are exposed to English and this exposure can affect their second language acquisition. Many research articles have been published on the relationship between exposure and second language acquisition. However, there is no consensus on the effect exposure has on second language acquisition. By reviewing available research publications, this study sought to describe the impact of exposure on second language acquisition. The researcher employed a systematic literature review method to discover the link between all of the publications. The objective of this research is to determine the impact of exposure on second language acquisition. The publications reviewed demonstrated that exposure had a positive impact on second language acquisition. The majority of the publications reviewed stated that exposure helps with second language learning. Language exposure is necessary for learning and mastering a second language. Finally, the majority of the publications reviewed agree that exposure aids in the acquisition of a second language. Learners with extensive exposure to the language have a greater probability of speaking and comprehending it.
The Impact of Using Audio Visual as a Vocabulary Learning Tool toward UNCP Students Proficiency
Authors: M Juwita Crestiani , Indah Opik Dwi , Hermini Hermini 
Published: October 2023

This research deals with analysis of the impact of using audio visual as a vocabulary learning tool toward uncp students proficiency. The population of this research was the sixth semester students of Primary School Teacher Education Study Program of Palopo Cokroaminoto University in academic year 2022/2023. The total number of population was 200 students. The researcher applied the purposive sampling technique because the sample still very poor in vocabulary. Vocabulary test is the instrument of this research. Based on the findings and discussion in the previous chapter, the researcher concludes using audio visual as a vocabulary learning tool toward uncp students’ proficiency has impact. It can be proven by the students’ mean score in post test 85.2 was higher (good) than the students’ mean score in pre test 43 (very poor).