bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling a recurrent neural network to SPAD TCSPC systems for real-time fluorescence lifetime imaging
Authors: Lin Yang , Mos Paul , Ardelean Andrei , Bruschini Claudio , Charbon Edoardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) has been receiving increased attention in recent years as a powerful diagnostic technique in biological and medical research. However, existing FLI systems often suffer from a tradeoff between processing speed, accuracy, and robustness. Inspired by the concept of Edge Artificial Intelligence (Edge AI), we propose a robust approach that enables fast FLI with no degradation of accuracy. This approach couples a recurrent neural network (RNN), which is trained to estimate the fluorescence lifetime directly from raw timestamps without building histograms, to SPAD TCSPC systems, thereby drastically reducing transfer data volumes and hardware resource utilization, and enabling real-time FLI acquisition. We train two variants of the RNN on a synthetic dataset and compare the results to those obtained using center-of-mass method (CMM) and least squares fitting (LS fitting). Results demonstrate that two RNN variants, gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short-term memory (LSTM), are comparable to CMM and LS fitting in terms of accuracy, while outperforming them in the presence of background noise by a large margin. To explore the ultimate limits of the approach, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound of the measurement, showing that RNN yields lifetime estimations with near-optimal precision. To demonstrate real-time operation, we build a FLI microscope based on an existing SPAD TCSPC system comprising a 32$$\times $$
×
32 SPAD sensor named Piccolo. Four quantized GRU cores, capable of processing up to 4 million photons per second, are deployed on the Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA that controls the Piccolo. Powered by the GRU, the FLI setup can retrieve real-time fluorescence lifetime images at up to 10 frames per second. The proposed FLI system is promising and ideally suited for biomedical applications, including biological imaging, biomedical diagnostics, and fluorescence-assisted surgery, etc.
Fast simulation for multi-photon, atomic-ensemble quantum model of linear optical systems addressing the curse of dimensionality
Authors: Oba Junpei , Kajita Seiji , Soeda Akihito 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotons are elementary particles of light in quantum mechanics, whose dynamics can be difficult to gain detailed insights, especially in complex systems. Simulation is a promising tool to resolve this issue, but it must address the curse of dimensionality, namely, that the number of bases increases exponentially in the number of photons. Here we mitigate this dimensionality scaling by focusing on optical systems composed of linear optical objects, modeled as an ensemble of two-level atoms. We decompose the time evolutionary operator on multiple photons into a group of time evolution operators acting on a single photon. Since the dimension of a single-photon time evolution operator is exponentially smaller than that of a multi-photon one in the number of photons, the decomposition enables the multi-photon simulations to be performed at a much lower computational cost. We apply this method to basic single- and multi-photon phenomena, such as Hong–Ou–Mandel interference and violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality, and confirm that the calculated properties are quantitatively comparable to the experimental results. Furthermore, our method visualizes the spatial propagation of photons hence provides insights that aid experiment designs for quantum-enabled technologies.
Global repair is the primary nucleotide excision repair subpathway for the removal of pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) damage from the Arabidopsis genome
Authors: Kaya Sezgi , Erdogan Dugcar Ebrar , Sancar Aziz , Adebali Ogun , Oztas Onur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) component of solar radiation impairs genome stability by inducing the formation of pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproducts [(6-4)PPs] in plant genomes. (6-4)PPs disrupt growth and development by interfering with transcription and DNA replication. To resist UV stress, plants employ both photoreactivation and nucleotide excision repair that excises oligonucleotide containing (6-4)PPs through two subpathways: global and transcription-coupled excision repair (TCR). Here, we analyzed the genome-wide excision repair-mediated repair of (6-4)PPs in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that (6-4)PPs can be repaired by TCR; however, the main subpathway to remove (6-4)PPs from the genome is global repair. Our analysis showed that open chromatin genome regions are more rapidly repaired than heterochromatin regions, and the repair level peaks at the promoter, transcription start site and transcription end site of genes. Our study revealed that the repair of (6-4)PP in plants showed a distinct genome-wide repair profile compared to the repair of other major UV-induced DNA lesion called cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs).
Exploring the relationship between land use/land cover and apparent temperature in China (1996–2020): implications for urban planning
Authors: Ding Han , Ren Qiuru , Wang Chengcheng , Chen Haitao , Wang Yuqiu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent decades, rising air temperatures (AT) and apparent temperatures (AP) have posed growing health risks. In the context of China's rapid urbanization and global climate change, it is crucial to understand the impact of urban land use/land cover (LULC) changes on AP. This study investigates the spatial distribution and long-term variation patterns of AT and AP, using data from 834 meteorological stations across China from 1996 to 2020. It also explores the relationship between AT, AP, and LULC in the urban core areas of 30 major cities. Study reveals that AT and AP exhibit overall high spatial similarity, albeit with greater spatial variance in AP. Notably, regions with significant disparities between the two have been identified. Furthermore, it's observed that the spatial range of high AP change rates is wider than that of AT. Moreover, the study suggests a potential bivariate quadratic function relationship between ΔT (the difference between AT and AP) and Wa_ratio and Ar_ratio, indicating the presence of a Least Suitable Curve (LSC), $${\text{W}}_{{\text{a}}} \_{\text{ratio}} = {0}{{.263(}} \pm {0}{{.0269)}} - {0}{{.437(}} \pm {0}{{.0417)}} \times {\text{Ar}}\_{\text{ratio}}$$

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. Urban LULC planning should carefully avoid intersecting with this curve. These findings can provide valuable insights for urban LULC planning, ultimately enhancing the thermal comfort of urban residents.
Productivity losses from short-term work absence due to neoplasms in Poland
Authors: Łyszczarz Błażej 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevious evidence on productivity losses from neoplasms focuses mostly on the economic burden from mortality, covers single cancer diagnoses and neglects non-malignant neoplasms. This study aims to broaden this perspective by analysing losses resulting from work absence and all neoplasm diagnoses. The analysis applies the human capital method and social insurance data to estimate productivity losses attributable to neoplasm-related short-term work absence in Poland in the period 2012–2022. The productivity losses due to work absence attributable to all neoplasms in Poland were €583 million in 2012 (0.143% of gross domestic product) and they increased to €969 million in 2022 (0.164%). Around 60% of the losses were associated with cancers while the remaining part of the burden was due to non-malignant neoplasms. The neoplasms that led to the highest losses were benign neoplasms, breast cancer, colorectum cancer and prostate cancer. The cancer sites characterised by the greatest losses per absence episode were brain cancer, lung cancer and oesophageal cancer. For most of the neoplasms, we observed increasing losses in an 11-year period analysed. Investing in effective public health policies that tackle neoplasms has the potential to reduce both the health burden and economic losses resulting from these diseases.
Five-year outcomes in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing surgery or percutaneous intervention
Authors: Jonik Szymon , Kageyama Shigetaka , Ninomiya Kai , Onuma Yoshinobu , Kochman Janusz , Grabowski Marcin , Serruys Patrick W. , Mazurek Tomasz 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe outcomes from real-life clinical studies regarding the optimal revascularization strategy in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) are still poorly investigated. In this retrospective study we assessed 5-year outcomes: primary, secondary endpoints and quality of life of 1035 individuals with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) treated either with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)—356 patients or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)—679 patients according to the recommendation of a local Heart Team (HT). At 5 years no significant difference in overall mortality and rates of myocardial infarctions (MI) were observed between CABG and PCI cohorts (11.0% vs. 13.4% for PCI, P = 0.27 and 9.6% vs. 12.8% for PCI, P = 0.12, respectively). The incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), mainly driven by increased rates of repeat revascularization (RR) were higher in PCI-cohort than in CABG-group (56.1% vs. 40.4%, P < 0.01 and 26.8% vs. 12.6%, P < 0.01, respectively), while CABG-patients experienced stroke more often (7.3% vs. 3.1% for PCI, P < 0.01). In real-life practice with long-term follow-up, none of the two revascularization modalities implemented following HT decisions showed overwhelming superiority: occurrence of death and MI were similar, rates of RR favoured CABG, while incidence of strokes advocated PCI.
Risikoreduktionsstrategien bei Patienten mit spezifischen kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen inkl. antithrombotische Therapie vor und nach nicht kardialen Operationen
Authors: Kluthke Robin , Perings Christian 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Anteil älterer und multimorbider Patienten, die sich einem operativen Eingriff unterziehen, wird auch zukünftig steigen. Bereits zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt können bei einem relevanten
Patientenkollektiv perioperative kardio- und zerebrovaskuläre Komplikationen beobachtet werden. Diese nehmen mit steigendem Patientenalter ebenso wie die Polypharmazie zu. Patienten mit
darüberhinaus präexistenten und medikamentös behandelten kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen haben ein per erhöhtes Risiko für perioperative Komplikationen.Um diesen bestmöglich zu begegnen, sind allgemeine wie auch individuelle Risikoreduktionsstrategien elementar.Die ESC-Leitlinie zum kardiovaskulären Assessment und Management von Patienten mit nicht kardiochirurgischem Eingriff umfasst in seiner aktuellsten Fassung konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen
diesbezüglich. Sie eröffnet die Möglichkeit von „generellen“ Therapiepfaden hin zu einem individualisierten Weg, vorausschauende interdisziplinäre Therapieentscheidungen zu treffen, um
perioperative Komplikationen zu minimieren.
Rolle kardialer Biomarker für Risikostratifizierung und postoperatives Monitoring
Authors: Mehilli Julinda 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungTrotz der Verwendung mehrerer Risikoscores zur Risikoabschätzung kardiovaskulärer Komplikationen bei nicht kardialen Operationen (NCS) erleidet jeder 7. Patient im Alter von über 45 Jahren
binnen 30 Tagen postoperativ eine schwerwiegende kardiale oder zerebrovaskuläre Komplikation. Ein hohes Bewusstsein für perioperative kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen in Kombination mit einer
Überwachung auf perioperative Myokardschäden („Perioperative Myocardial Injury“, PMI) ist wichtig bei diesen Patienten. Basierend auf den zunehmenden wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen über
die Rolle kardialer Biomarker in diesem Setting hebt die ESC-Leitlinie zum kardiovaskulären Assessment und Management von Patienten mit nicht kardialen chirurgischen Eingriffen insbesondere
die Bedeutung von hochsensitiven kardialen Troponin-Messungen vor und 24–48 Stunden nach NCS mit mittlerem/hohem Risiko hervor zur Identifizierung von Risikopatienten, um die perioperative
Myokardschädigung frühzeitig zu erkennen. Eine systematische PMI-Abklärung, um die zugrunde liegende Pathophysiologie zu identifizieren und die Therapie festzulegen, wird empfohlen.
SARS-CoV-2-Infektion in der Schwangerschaft und Auftreten von
angeborenen Fehlbildungen – Besteht ein Zusammenhang? Auswertung von
8032 Schwangerschaften aus dem CRONOS-Register
Authors: Hofbauer Anna , Schneider Holm , Kehl Sven , Reutter Heiko , Pecks Ulrich , Andresen Kristin , Morhart Patrick ,   Collaborating authors
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund/ Fragestellung Aufgrund einzelner Fallberichte
untersuchte das COVID-19 Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study
(CRONOS)-Register, gefördert durch die Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Perinatalmedizin (DGPM), mit welcher Wahrscheinlichkeit eine in der
Früh-Schwangerschaft aufgetretene SARS-CoV-2-Infektion der Mutter
Embryopathien und/oder Fetopathien verursacht.
Material/Methode Das CRONOS-Register erfasste an über 130
beteiligten Kliniken von April 2020 bis Februar 2023 insgesamt 8032 Frauen mit
nachweislicher SARS-CoV-2-Infektion in der Schwangerschaft. Sowohl
mütterliche als auch kindliche Daten wurden dokumentiert und es erfolgte
eine anonymisierte, deskriptive Auswertung der multizentrischen Daten.
Ergebnisse Unter 7142 vollständig dokumentierten Schwangerschaften
(inklusive postnataler Daten) kam es bei 140 Feten zu einer angeborenen
Fehlbildung. 8,57% der Mütter hatten eine SARS-COV-2-Infektion
im 1. Trimenon und 36,43% im 2. Trimenon. 66 Fehlbildungen
(47,14%) wurden erst nach der maternalen SARS-CoV-2-Infektion
diagnostiziert. Es zeigte sich in der untersuchten Kohorte eine
Gesamtprävalenz angeborener Fehlbildungen von 1,96%. Die im
EUROCAT (European network of population-based registries for the epidemiological
surveillance of congenital anomalies)-Register vor der Pandemie im Zeitraum
2017–2019 angegebene Prävalenz lag bei 2,39%.
Diskussion Die multizentrisch erhobenen Daten zeigen, dass eine
mütterliche SARS-CoV-2-Infektion in der Frühschwangerschaft
nicht mit einem erhöhten Fehlbildungsrisiko einhergeht.
Growth mindset and positive work reflection for affective well-being: a three-way interaction model
Authors: Karpagavalli R. , Suganthi L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe affective well-being of employees is significant in today’s fast-paced lifestyle in the post-pandemic era, as it results in many benefits, including work-related and health-related benefits. It is known that the positive reflection of work predicts the affective well-being of employees. However, the optimal ways of strengthening the relationship between these variables in contemporary working conditions are yet to be explored. Drawing on border theory and implicit theories, this research analyzes the role of work contact and growth mindset in the relationship between positive work reflection and affective well-being. In addition, this study proposes a three-way interaction among positive work reflection, work contact, and growth mindset in predicting the affective well-being of employees. Responses were collected from employees working in IT firms. After screening, 309 valid samples were obtained. From the analysis, it was found that a higher level of work contact moderates the relationship between positive work reflection and the affective well-being of employees with a growth mindset. Alternatively, a medium level of work contact moderates the above relationship for both types of mindset (growth and fixed mindset) among employees.
The relationship between strategic human resource management, green innovation and environmental performance: a moderated-mediation model
Authors: Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Zhang Li , Lee Meng-Hsiu , Hsu Fang-Yih , Xu Yan , He Yuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of strategic human resource management (SHRM) on fostering green innovation and enhancing environmental performance among employees in the Asia-Pacific region. In the context of intensifying competition in the industrial sector, it is essential to understand how SHRM influences employees’ innovative capabilities and their alignment with environmental goals. Our research suggests that effective SHRM strategies can significantly increase self-efficacy and stimulate green innovation, thus reinforcing the alignment between individual and organizational environmental objectives. To empirically test these hypotheses, we conducted a survey of 487 employees and used Smart-PLS 4.0 for structural equation modeling. This method allowed us to examine both the mediating and moderating effects within our model. The results indicate that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between SHRM practices and green innovation, while person-organization fit significantly moderates the relationship between green innovation and environmental performance. This study offers novel insights into how SHRM can promote environmental consciousness and innovation within organizations. By underscoring the roles of self-efficacy and person-organization fit, our research enriches the broader scholarly dialog on strategic human resource management and its environmental implications.
Research on the spatial spillover effect of high-speed railway on the income of urban residents in China
Authors: Liu Yahong , Tang Daisheng , Wang Fengyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe transportation infrastructure is a crucial component of social capital, as it aids in fostering national economic growth. The speed of resource elements’ spatial movement is increased by high-speed railways (HSR), thereby affecting the intensity and direction of regional economic connections. This study investigates how HSR impacts urban regional accessibility and the spatial spillover of urban residents’ income from a spatial viewpoint. The study found that: First, between 2000 and 2018, the introduction and functioning of HSR, along with the increased speed of regular railway services, led to an overall enhancement in urban regional accessibility and urban positioning. Second, there exists a notable spatial correlation between regional accessibility and labor market income. Cities with either high or low labor market income exhibit spatial clustering in the same direction at the spatial level. Enhancing regional accessibility typically leads to an increase in labor market income throughout the entire region. Third, the nearby cities with greater regional accessibility exert a siphon effect on the local area. Fourth, the labor market income is interdependent and promoted among cities. The labor market income of a city is positively influenced by the nearby cities and neighboring cities with comparable income levels. Fifth, between 2012 and 2018, the construction of HSR and the structural transformation of the labor market led to a notable increase in income through a positive spatial spillover effect.
Upregulation of TaHSP90A transcripts enhances heat tolerance and increases grain yield in wheat under changing climate conditions
Authors: Ammar Ali , Ali Zulfiqar , Saddique Muhammad Abu Bakar , Habib-ur-Rahman Muhammad , Ali Imtiaz 
Published: February 2024

Plants have certain adaptation mechanisms to combat temperature extremes and fluctuations. The heat shock protein (HSP90A) plays a crucial role in plant defence mechanisms under heat stress. In silico analysis of the eight TaHSP90A transcripts showed diverse structural patterns in terms of intron/exons, domains, motifs and cis elements in the promoter region in wheat. These regions contained cis elements related to hormones, biotic and abiotic stress and development. To validate these findings, two contrasting wheat genotypes E-01 (thermo-tolerant) and SHP-52 (thermo-sensitive) were used to evaluate the expression pattern of three transcripts TraesCS2A02G033700.1, TraesCS5B02G258900.3 and TraesCS5D02G268000.2 in five different tissues at five different temperature regimes. Expression of TraesCS2A02G033700.1 was upregulated (2-fold) in flag leaf tissue after 1 and 4 h of heat treatment in E-01. In contrast, SHP-52 showed downregulated expression after 1 h of heat treatment. Additionally, it was shown that under heat stress, the increased expression of TaHSP90A led to an increase in grain production. As the molecular mechanism of genes involved in heat tolerance at the reproductive stage is mostly unknown, these results provide new insights into the role of TaHSP90A transcripts in developing phenotypic plasticity in wheat to develop heat-tolerant cultivars under the current changing climate scenario.
The effect of grazing management and legumes on soil organic carbon stocks in pastoral systems relevant to the Australian Carbon Credit Unit Scheme: a critical review
Authors: Debney Alice , Lobry de Bruyn Lisa 
Published: February 2024

Soil carbon dynamics and the potential of management to influence its sequestration and storage is receiving global recognition. The Australian federal government’s emissions trading scheme includes a list of eligible activities whereby a landholder can earn Australian Carbon Credit Units through documenting soil carbon stocks over time. A systematic literature review was undertaken to establish the nature and geographical spread of evidence on the impact of grazing management and legume inclusion in pastoral systems (two of the eligible management activities) on soil carbon stocks. A small number of eligible research articles were identified in Australia (n = 14) from the global literature. Published studies were mainly in New South Wales and Queensland (from 2010 to 2020) on a variety of soil types across all climatic zones. In the majority of studies, there was limited ability to determine the effect of the eligible activities on soil carbon stock due to experimental design and one-off sampling. The legume studies (n = 3) that did show accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) had sampled SOC stocks before and after treatment imposed, accounted for equivalent soil mass, and were all conducted on a research station. Interpreting the impacts of management was hindered by insufficient documentation of grazing management history that was often confounded by the biophysical drivers of soil carbon dynamics, and reporting SOC stocks for a fixed soil depth (50% of studies). An investment in resampling those sites sampled more than 10 years ago in close proximity to original sampling location could provide greater insight into the expected levels of SOC accumulation.
Temperature-induced disruptive growth rate behavior due to streaming instability in semiconductor quantum plasma with nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Krishna , Luitel Homnath , Ali Rustam , Deka Utpal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The nature of the growth rate due to streaming instability in a semiconductor quantum plasma implanted with nanoparticles has been analyzed using the quantum hydrodynamic model. In this study, the intriguing effect of temperature, beam electron speed, and electron-hole density on growth rate and frequency is investigated. The results show that the growth rate demonstrates a nonlinear behavior, strongly linked to the boron implantation, beam electron streaming speed and quantum correction factor. A noteworthy finding in this work is the discontinuous nature of the growth rate of streaming instability in boron implanted semiconducting plasma system. The implantation leads to a gap in the growth rate which further gets enhanced upon increase in concentration of implantation. This behavior is apparent only for a specific range of the ratio of thermal speed of the electrons to that of the holes.