bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time use surveys, social practice theory, and activity connections
Authors: Southerton Dale , Whillans Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSocial practice theory (SPT) represents a growing body of research that takes the ‘doings and sayings’ (social practices) of everyday life as its core unit of enquiry. Time use surveys (TUS) represent a substantial source of micro‐data regarding how activities are performed across the 24‐h day. Given their apparent complementarities, we ask why TUS have not been utilised more extensively within SPT‐inspired research. We advance two contentions: (1) ontological tensions obscure the relevance of TUS data in addressing core SPT research questions, and (2) SPT concepts do not readily translate for application in TUS analysis. In response, we operationalise Schatzki's (2019) concepts of activity events and chains to explore types and forms of temporal activity connection. Using TUS data we examine three activity events: sleeping, reading, and eating. Two types of temporal activity connection (sequence and synchronisation) are identified, together with four forms of connectivity (degrees of uniformity/diversity, sequential directionality, time‐varying connections, and symmetrical/asymmetrical relationships). While practices cannot be reduced to activity connections, we argue that this analytical approach offers a systematic basis for examining the ways in which activities combine to underpin the organisation of social practices. Further analysis to compare activity connections across practices, between different groups of practitioners, and over time would offer a valuable resource to empirically examine claims regarding core processes of societal change. We further contend that SPT approaches offer insights for time use research by providing a framework capable of recognising that activities are dynamic and variable rather than homogeneous and stable categories.
High efficacy of brigatinib for brain metastases in ALK fusion gene‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer: A case series
Authors: Morikawa Kei , Numata Yu , Shinozaki Yusuke , Kaneko Shotaro , Matsushima Aya , Nishida Makoto , Kida Hirotaka , Handa Hiroshi , Nishine Hiroki , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion gene‐positive lung cancer often shows brain metastasis at initial diagnosis or during the course of treatment. However, molecular‐targeted drugs are known to pass through the blood–brain barrier and present positive effects for central nervous system lesions. There are few reports suggesting how effective molecular‐targeted drug therapy alone is for brain metastasis lesions of ALK fusion‐positive lung cancer, especially after the first use of ALK‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) or for bulky brain metastases. A patient in his mid‐fifties with stage IV pleural dissemination developed brain metastases after 10 years of crizotinib use, but showed a complete response after switching to brigatinib. Moreover, a patient in her early sixties with stage III recurrent large brain metastases 5 years after chemoradiation therapy experienced dramatic tumor shrinkage with brigatinib. In each case of ALK fusion gene‐positive lung cancer with brain metastases, brigatinib showed a high efficacy and was well‐tolerated after previous ALK‐TKI and for bulky lesions.
Correlations between the Michigan Retinal Degeneration Questionnaire and visual function parameters in patients with retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Karuntu J. S. , Nguyen X. T. , Boon C. J. F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo validate the use of best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA), low‐luminance visual acuity (LLVA), low‐luminance deficit (LLD; the difference between BCVA and LLVA), mean macular sensitivity and fixation stability as parameters of vision‐related quality of life based on the novel Michigan Retinal Degeneration Questionnaire (MRDQ) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients.MethodsIn this prospective cross sectional study, 30 patients with RP (47% female) were included with a median age of 41.0 years (interquartile range: 24.1–58.3 years). BCVA, LLVA and LLD were measured with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts. Mesopic microperimetry was performed to measure mean macular sensitivity and fixation stability. Patients completed a Dutch translation of the MRDQ which results in an experienced disability (Θ‐)score of seven domains. Spearman's rank correlation was used.ResultsBCVA correlated significantly to the MRDQ domain of central vision (r = 0.657; p < 0.001) and colour vision (r = 0.524; p = 0.003). Lower LLVA significantly correlated to higher experienced disability in the MRDQ domains for central vision (=0.550; p = 0.002) and contrast sensitivity (r = 0.502; p = 0.005). LLD was significantly correlated to the MRDQ domains of scotopic function (r = −0.484; p = 0.007) and mesopic peripheral function (r = −0.533; p = 0.002). Lower mean macular sensitivity was significantly associated with high experienced disability in all domains except for photosensitivity.ConclusionsThe majority of the MRDQ domains is strongly associated with visual function parameters. These findings show that visual function measurements, especially LLVA, LLD and mean macular sensitivity on microperimetry, reflect vision‐related quality of life and can be used as relevant outcome measures in clinical trials for RP.
Clinical trials of pharmacological interventions for SARS‐CoV‐2 published in leading medical journals report adherence but not how it was assessed
Authors: Lee Charlotte , Otunla Afolarin , Brennan Isabelle , Aronson Jeffrey K. , Nunan David 
Published: December 2023

AimsAdherence to pharmacological interventions in clinical trials is crucial for accurate identification of beneficial and adverse outcomes. The ways in which adherence to interventions should be reported in trial publications are described in the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR), a 12‐item extension of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials reporting guidelines. The objective of this study was to assess compliance with TIDieR Items 11 and 12 of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection published in 5 selected journals during 2021.MethodsWe assessed pharmacological interventions for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection reported in RCTs published in 2021 in the Annals of Internal Medicine, The BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet and The New England Journal for Medicine for compliance with TIDieR items addressing intervention adherence (Items 11 and 12). We calculated proportional adherence for pharmacological and comparator interventions where available.ResultsWe found 75 eligible RCTs. Twenty‐eight (37%) reported results of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccinations. Compliance with Items 11 and 12 could be assessed in 71 of these 75. Of the 71 RCTs, 37 (52%) reported how adherence was assessed (Item 11), and 70 reported adherence rates (Item 12). Only 1 of the 71 RCTs (1.4%, 0–7.6%) fully complied with TIDieR Items 11 and 12.ConclusionHalf of RCTs of SARS‐CoV‐2 pharmacological interventions published in leading medical journals in 2021 complied with reporting of how adherence assessments were made and almost none complied with both TIDieR Items 11 and 12. The implications for interpretation, application and replication of findings based on these publications warrant consideration.
Toleration, discrimination, or acceptance? How majorities interpret and legitimize minority toleration depends on outgroup threat
Authors: Acar Berfin , Bagci Sabahat Cigdem , Verkuyten Maykel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe notion of tolerance is widely embraced in plural contexts, but little is known about how majority members interpret the toleration of minorities. With four studies, we investigated majority group members' interpretations of a minority toleration situation (compared to full acceptance and discrimination situations) as a function of outgroup threat. Study 1 (N = 214) showed that higher perception of threat from Syrian refugees was associated with Turkish natives' stronger likelihood of interpreting a refugee toleration situation as ‘acceptance’. Studies 2 (N = 161, threatening context: Syrian refugees‐Turkish natives) and 3 (N = 206, non‐threatening context: homosexuals‐liberal heterosexual students) demonstrated that toleration was interpreted more as a form of acceptance in a high‐threat context, whereas it was perceived more like discrimination in the non‐threatening context. Experimental Study 4 (N = 150, pre‐registered, Muslims‐Christians in the UK) indicated that increasing outgroup threat led to higher legitimization of toleration, which, in turn, related to lower support of minority rights. It is concluded that outgroup threat affects how people interpret the way in which minorities are treated, which has implications for initiatives and policies that try to stimulate tolerance towards minority groups.
Damned if she does: The subordinate male target hypothesis and discrimination of social dominant female minority members
Authors: Buhl Sarah , Asbrock Frank , Sibley Chris G. , Houkamau Carla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAccording to the subordinate male target hypothesis (SMTH), racism is based on an ethnicity‐by‐gender interaction, with a stronger link between experiencing racist discrimination and subordinate or dominant ethnic group status for men compared to women. This study reevaluates the SMTH, originally focused on objective discrimination, by applying it to self‐reported active harm as a theoretically derived measure of racist discrimination and by exploring interindividual differences in female ethnic minority members' discriminatory experiences. We proposed that social dominance orientation (SDO) among female ethnic minorities would influence SMTH predictions. We tested this using multiple linear regression analyses among a sample of New Zealand Europeans as the majority in New Zealand and non‐Europeans as the minority. As hypothesized, male non‐Europeans reported disproportionally more active harm than female non‐Europeans. Unexpectedly, not only female but also male, non‐Europeans high in SDO reported more active harm than non‐Europeans low in SDO. Therefore, applied to self‐reported racist experiences, oppression of ethnic minorities is driven by interindividual differences rather than by gender. Together, these findings provide evidence that the SMTH cannot be unreservedly extended to reports of racist discrimination and that other processes may underlie these subjective experiences of discrimination that need to be considered in more detail.
Resveratrol, a novel inhibitor of fatty acid binding protein 5, inhibits cervical cancer metastasis by suppressing fatty acid transport into nucleus and downstream pathways
Authors: Chen Xiao , Tian Jing , Zhao Chunyuan , Wu Yanhui , Li Jiahuang , Ji Zehan , Lian Danchen , Jia Zhibo , Chen Xingyu , Zhou Zixin , Zhu Bo , Hua Zichun 
Published: December 2023

Background and PurposeBecause of cervical cancer (CC) metastasis, the prognosis of diagnosed patients is poor. However, the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approach for metastatic CC remain elusive.Experimental ApproachIn this study, we first evaluated the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on CC cell migration and metastasis. Via an activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP) approach, a photoaffinity probe of RSV (RSV‐P) was synthesized, and the protein targets of RSV in HeLa cells were identified. Based on target information and subsequent in vivo and in vitro validation experiments, we finally elucidated the mechanism of RSV corresponding to its antimetastatic activity.Key ResultsThe results showed that RSV concentration‐dependently suppressed CC cell migration and metastasis. A list of proteins was identified as the targets of RSV, through the ABPP approach with RSV‐P, among which fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) attracted our attention based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis. Subsequent knockout and overexpression experiments confirmed that RSV directly interacted with FABP5 to inhibit fatty acid transport into the nucleus, thereby suppressing downstream matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP9) expression, thus inhibiting CC metastasis.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur study confirmed the key role of FABP5 in CC metastasis and provided important target information for the design of therapeutic lead compounds for metastatic CC.
Incidence of adhesive small bowel obstruction after surgery for colorectal cancer in Sweden 2007–2016
Authors: Sakari Thorbjörn , Sköldberg Filip , Dietrich Caroline E. , Nordenvall Caroline , Karlbom Urban 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimPopulation‐based data on incidence and risk factors of adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO) are limited. The aims of this study were to assess the risk of SBO and SBO surgery after bowel resection for colorectal cancer (CRC) and to assess whether this risk is modified by minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and radiotherapy in a retrospective national study.MethodsCRCBaSe, a nationwide register linkage originating from the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Register, was used to identify Stage I–III CRC patients who underwent resection in 2007–2016, with follow‐up throughout 2017. Matched CRC‐free comparators (1:6) were included as a reference of SBO and SBO surgery incidence. The association between MIS and preoperative radiotherapy and the incidence rate of SBO was evaluated in adjusted multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsAmong 33 632 CRC patients and 198 649 comparators, the 5‐year cumulative incidence of SBO and SBO surgery was 7.6% and 2.2% among patients and 0.6% and 0.2% among comparators, with death as a competing risk. In all patients, MIS was associated with a reduced incidence of SBO (hazard ratio [HR] 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.8) and SBO surgery (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.7). In rectal cancer patients, radiotherapy was associated with an increased incidence of SBO (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4–1.8) and SBO surgery (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3–2.3).DiscussionColorectal cancer surgery is associated with a marked increase in risk of SBO, compared with the general population. The incidence is further increased if open surgery or radiotherapy is performed.
Rectal cancer – avoiding surgery?
Authors: Leite Julio S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNonoperative treatment of rectal cancer is gaining popularity. Several trials recently demonstrated advantages in disease‐free survival with total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) with the addition of the watch and wait (WW) strategy for locally advanced rectal cancer. On longer follow‐up, an unexpected increased risk in local recurrence in the TNT group at the RAPIDO trial suggested early surgery for nonresponding tumours. The WW option is globally accepted for a complete clinical response; however, a high rate of regrowth was found in a registry with an increased risk of distant metastases, questioning the deleterious effect of deferral of surgery in this group. The short‐ and long‐term toxic effects of neoadjuvant treatment are costs to consider in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines compared with the European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines, which favour surgery alone if good mesorectal resection is assured with increasing surgical proficiency adjusted to the precise anatomical location.
Teaching virtual presentation with a theory‐based feedback intervention: An experiential class project for the postpandemic era
Authors: Rua Tuvana , Aytug Zeynep G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study draws from feedback intervention theory and professional communications theory to present a versatile, experiential class project to develop and improve students’ virtual communications and presentation skills by combining hard and soft‐skill development, multisource feedback, and self‐reflection. After successfully using this class project for four semesters, data were collected from six graduate classes (N = 145) to assess the project's effectiveness and students’ perceptions. Positive student feedback, control group–trained group comparisons, and the trained group's Time 1–Time 2 performance comparisons provide supportive evidence for the effectiveness of the project as a valuable learning tool in helping students develop virtual communication and presentation skills. As companies and institutions across industries continue to utilize virtual work arrangements, this project will be a useful tool for preparing students for the postpandemic digital business world.
The science of families: Nurturing hope, happiness, and health
Authors: Henderson Tammy L. , Matthews‐Juarez Patricia , Obasi Sharon N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveAuthors explored ways to understand how families and communities remain hopeful, happy, and healthy.BackgroundThe 2021 National Council on Family Relations annual conference set the groundwork for the special issue, The Science of Families: Nurturing Hope, Happiness, and Health, asking authors to take a strength‐based, transformative, and trans‐ and interdisciplinary perspective.MethodsTwo translational methodologies are offered: the inclusive cultural‐variant community‐based participatory research model (ICV‐CBPR) and Communities of Practice. The six emerging themes and a summary of the connotations of hope, happiness, and health are described in the articles.ResultsThe six emerging themes that connoted the meaning of hope, happiness, or health across 30 manuscripts included (a) the COVID‐19 pandemic and health, (b) diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility, (c) family policies and academic program needs, (d) military families, (e) contemporary family topics, and (f) research innovations. In one third of the articles, authors transformed implications, with all authors offering practical and research implications.ConclusionsHealth and happiness were often implied in notions of resilience, relationship quality, parenting, and coping. Just over half of the articles (n = 16) directly or indirectly referenced COVID‐19, health, and diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility. Other topics comprised mental and physical health, resilience, the social construction of gender, and military families. Some authors provided concrete suggestions; all submitted research and practical implications.ImplicationsThe movement toward Family Science disseminating and transforming research is moving forth. The diversity of topics, disciplines, and countries (n = 9) aligns with the inclusion and diversity goals of Family Relations.
The historiography of social reproduction and reproductive labor
Authors: Allain Jacqueline 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article tracks the categories of social reproduction and reproductive labor as they appear in historical scholarship. Both within and beyond the historical discipline, scholars of diverse political, theoretical, and disciplinary persuasions deploy these concepts to denote a wide range of labors and processes in a manner that seems at times to have little coherence. The intentions of this article are to bring further clarity to these useful, if rather sprawling, terms and to reflect on the analytical work that they can do for historians.
(UN)DOING HISTORY: A CASE FOR EPISTEMOLOGICAL ALTERITY
Authors: SETH VANITA 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThis article addresses two primary tensions that currently beset medieval history. The first concerns a contentious debate within the field regarding the relative merits of two interpretative approaches: that which seeks to situate the Middle Ages within a narrative of continuity wherein aspects of the medieval bear some relationship of familiarity with the present and that which accords a radical alterity to the past that instigates moments of historical rupture. The second tension concerns the fraught relationship between history as a site of knowledge production with some proximity to engaging and producing truth and history as constructed, wherein its purported object of study, the past, is not an ontological fact but a cultural artifact. In this instance, what we witness is less a debate among scholars within history than an amorphic anxiety about history. This article makes a case for engaging the radical alterity that confronts the historian of the Middle Ages. It does so, however, cognizant of an ontological impasse: if alterity is attentive to difference, a difference that resists translation into modern knowledge regimes, then what does it mean to engage it historically—that is, through a temporal structure that would have been foreign to the very period of study?
Nutrition counselling and clinical outcomes in HIV: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Okusanya Temitayo Rebecca , Okoka Elile Monisola , Kuyebi Moshood Abiodun , Oyadiran Oluwafemi Temitayo , Kowe Temitope , Noor Ramadhani Abdallah , Omotayo Moshood Olanrewaju , Abioye Ajibola Ibraheem 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with the HIV (PLHIV) are at an increased risk of various diseases due to a weakened immune system, particularly if they are naïve or poorly adherent to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Nutrients play a critical role in improving immune health, especially among this population. We systematically reviewed the evidence concerning the impact of nutritional counselling on the occurrence of important clinical outcomes among PLHIV.MethodsMedical literature databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science) were searched from inception to October 2022 for relevant published studies (n = 12) of nutritional counselling and HIV‐related outcomes in adults on ART. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were conducted when the exposure–outcome relationships were similar in three or more studies.ResultsAlthough the methodologies of nutritional intervention varied across all studies, overall, the evidence from the meta‐analysis indicates a nsignificant positive association between nutrition counselling and improvements in CD4 cell count, body mass index and low‐density lipoprotein concentration. However, the existing literature does not provide enough evidence to establish a significant impact of nutrition counselling on other immune, anthropometric, and metabolic outcomes including viral load, weight, and lean mass due to the differences in the study designs.ConclusionWell‐powered randomized controlled trials are needed that explore the effect of evidence‐based, individualized nutrition counselling on HIV‐related clinical outcomes.