bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Reductive Carboxylation of para‐Quinone Methides with CO2
Authors: Yan Yunying , Li Haiqiong , Xie Fenfen , Lu Wenhua , Zhang Zhengbing , Jing Linhai , Han Pan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, electrochemical reductive carboxylation of para‐quinone methides with CO2 was developed. A variety of value‐added carboxylic acids can be accessed in moderate to excellent yields. Preliminary studies showed that para‐quinone methides were reduced to benzyl carbanion during the reaction. This protocol features high atom economy, operational simplicity, and environmental friendliness, enabling the synthesis of various carboxylic compounds.
Copper‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Divergent Carbene Insertion into the N−H bonds of Tryptamines
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Rao Kuram Malleswara 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEasy access to divergent products with chemoselectivity is of great importance in organic synthesis. Herein, we have developed a chemoselective copper‐catalyzed carbene insertion protocol onto N−H bonds of tryptamine derivatives. Divergent insertion products are obtained by varying the nucleophilicity of the aliphatic NH of tryptamine with electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing groups. The reaction provided N−H insertion products with broad substrate scope in good yields.
A Leaf‐Patchable Reflectance Meter for In Situ Continuous Monitoring of Chlorophyll Content
Authors: Zhang Kaiyi , Li Wenlong , Li Haicheng , Luo Yifei , Li Zheng , Wang Xiaoshi , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlant wearable sensors facilitate the real‐time monitoring of plant physiological status. In situ monitoring of the plant chlorophyll content over days can provide valuable information on the photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen content, and general plant health. However, it cannot be achieved by current chlorophyll measuring methods. Here, a miniaturized and plant‐wearable chlorophyll meter for rapid, non‐destructive, in situ, and long‐term chlorophyll monitoring is developed. The reflectance‐based chlorophyll sensor with 1.5 mm thickness and 0.2 g weight (1000 times lighter than the commercial chlorophyll meter), includes a light emitting diode (LED) and two symmetric photodetectors (PDs) on a flexible substrate, and is patched onto the leaf upper epidermis with a conformal light guiding layer. A chlorophyll content index (CCI) calculated based on the sensor shows a better linear relationship with the leaf chlorophyll content (r2 > 0.9) than the traditional chlorophyll meter. This meter can wirelessly communicate with a smartphone to monitor the leaf chlorophyll change under various stresses and indicate the unhealthy status of plants for long‐term application of plants under various stresses earlier than chlorophyll meter and naked‐eye observation. This wearable chlorophyll sensing patch is promising in smart and precision agriculture.
Reactivity Umpolung of Amides in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Shi Qiu , Liu Wenbo H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAmides are important carboxylic acid derivatives, having wide applications in chemistry, biochemistry, and material science. Due to the conjugation (nN‐π*C=O), the carbonyl group of amides is the least electrophilic and the Calpha−H bond of amides is the least acidic among the carbonyl derivatives, thereby making it challenging to develop highly efficient and selective transformations based on amides. Reactivity umpolung refers to the reversion of polarity of a functional group. The idea of inverting the innate polarity of organic functional groups, initially introduced by Wittig and later popularized by Seebach, marks a pivotal conceptual breakthrough in organic synthesis. In contrast to the progress for the umpolung of aldehyde, the umpolung of amides has proved challenging and only recently made notable progress. Following the elegant design, the C1 of the amide can become nucleophilic, and the C2 can be electrophilic. In this review, we attempt to summarize the reported examples that are broadly categorized as reactivity umpolung of amides. This review is structured around the umpolung of C1 through radical or carbanion reactions, as well as the umpolung of C2 through electrophilic amide activation or the unique properties of Weinreb amide.
Anaphylactic shock due to intra‐articular injection of diclofenac etalhyaluronate sodium: A case report
Authors: Yatabe Tomoaki , Mizutani Akihito , Ito Takashi , Ono Ricart Yukika , Watanabe Maasa , Uchiyama Sohta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnaphylactic shock of diclofenac etalhyaluronate agent can be prolonged and recurrent. However, its reports are rare, and consequently, its method of management remains to be established.Case PresentationA 65‐year‐old woman received an intra‐articular injection of diclofenac and hyaluronate. After 20 min, systemic urticaria and severe hypotension developed after walking. After an intramuscular adrenaline injection, she was transferred to our hospital. Despite administration of continuous noradrenaline and adrenaline, hypotension persisted. Seven hours after the joint injection, 25 mL of knee joint fluid was aspirated under ultrasound guidance. Mobilization was performed 24 h after joint injection. However, urticaria rapidly spread after standing. At 45 and 46 h after joint injection, we confirmed that no symptoms, including urticaria, recurred after walking.ConclusionAnaphylactic shock due to intra‐articular injection of diclofenac etalhyaluronate is prolonged and requires extended observation. Aspiration of joint fluid may be one of the treatment options.
Mechanical Enhancement of the Strain‐Sensor Response in Dimers of Strongly Coupled Plasmonic Nanoparticles
Authors: Ahmidayi Najat , d'Orsonnens William , Maurer Thomas , Lévêque Gaëtan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDue to their particular optical and mechanical properties, plasmomechanical devices have become choice candidates in strain sensing applications. Using numerical simulation, a plasmomechanical system consisting of two gold nanoparticles with different shapes and separated by a small gap, deposited onto a deformable polydimethylsiloxane membrane, is investigated. With the aim of understanding the relationship between the plasmonic behavior of gold nanoparticles and induced mechanical deformations, mechanical extension ranging from 0% to 20% is applied to the polydimethylsiloxane membrane. In a first step, a mechanical calculation based on a hyperelastic model for polydimethylsiloxane shows that the interparticle spacing is enhanced nonlinearly by a percentage greater than the externally applied deformation, depending on the shape and size of the nanoparticles as well as the polydimethylsiloxane membrane thickness. Full optical simulation of the deformed nanosystems demonstrates that the plasmonic resonance wavelength is highly sensitive to the applied displacements and is enhanced compared to a basic approach where the gap deformation is taken as equal to the macroscopic applied deformation. The best figure of merit () is obtained for the disk–rod dimer near the strong coupling regime, larger than the values reported in the literature for localized nanoparticle systems.
Copper‐Sulfur‐Nitrogen Cluster Providing a Local Proton for Efficient Carbon Dioxide Photoreduction
Authors: Dong Jian‐Peng , Xu Yue , Zhang Xun‐Guang , Zhang Huan , Yao Ling , Wang Rui , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAtomically precise Cu clusters are highly desirable as catalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), and they provide an appropriate model platform for elaborating their structure–activity relationship. However, an efficient overall photocatalytic CO2RR with H2O using assembled Cu‐cluster aggregates as single component photocatalyst has not been reported. Herein, we report a stable crystalline Cu−S−N cluster photocatalyst with local protonated N−H groups (denoted as Cu6−NH). The catalyst exhibits suitable photocatalytic redox potentials, high structural stability, active catalytic species, and a narrow band gap, which account for its outstanding photocatalytic CO2RR performance under visible light, with ≈100 % selectivity for CO evolution. Remarkably, systematic isostructural Cu‐cluster control experiments, in situ infrared spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations revealed that the protonated pyrimidine N atoms in the Cu6−NH cluster act as a proton relay station, providing a local proton during the photocatalytic CO2RR. This efficiently lowers the energy barrier for the formation of the *COOH intermediate, which is the rate‐limiting step, efficiently enhancing the photocatalytic performance. This work lays the foundation for the development of atomically precise metal‐cluster‐based photocatalysts.
Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Multifunctional Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layers for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Anodes
Authors: Liu Pei , Miao Licheng , Sun Zhiqin , Chen Xuchun , Si Yuchang , Wang Qinglun , Jiao Lifang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConstructing a stable and robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for achieving dendrite‐free sodium metal anodes and high‐performance sodium batteries. However, maintaining the integrity of SEI during prolonged cycle life under high current densities poses a significant challenge. In this study, we propose an integrated multifunctional SEI layer with inorganic/organic hybrid construction (IOHL−Na) to enhance the durability of sodium metal anode during reduplicative plating/stripping processes. The inorganic components with high mechanical strength and strong sodiophilicity demonstrate optimized ionic conduction efficiency and dendrite inhibition ability. Simultaneously, the organic component contributes to the formation of a dense and elastic membrane structure, preventing fracture and delamination issues during volume fluctuations. The symmetrical batteries of IOHL−Na achieve stable cycling over 2000 hours with an extremely low voltage hysteresis of around 15.8 mV at a high current density of 4 mA cm−2. Moreover, the Na−O2 batteries sustain exceptional long‐term stability and impressive capacity retention, exploiting a promising approach for constructing durable SEI and dendrite‐free sodium metal anodes.
Biological synthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles from aerial parts of Prunus dulcis and their in vitro investigation of medical properties
Authors: Aarthi Ravi , Anitha Periyasamy 
Published: October 2023

The field of functional nanohybrid material is an emerging research area in material science due to its vast range of applications. The use of novel technology and innovative therapeutics has led to potent applications, including controlling the size of nanoparticles (NPs). This has resulted in a novel report on the synthesis of manganese oxide NPs using aerial parts of queen of roses Prunus dulcis (almond) leaves, seed, and seed oil (using Clevenger apparatus), which functions as a reducing agent. Manganese sulfate was used as a precursor in the synthesis process. The synthesized nanohybrid Mn3O4 NPs were studied using different characteristics techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX). The photoluminescence spectra display the blue emission ranging from 483.2 to 486.5 nm. The biosynthesized Mn3O4 NPs were tested for bactericidal activity and showed tremendous inhibition against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. The antioxidant activity of Mn3O4 NPs was enhanced using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, which revealed the higher activity of Mn3O4 NPs from P. dulcis leaf extract. In vitro cytotoxicity of hybrid Mn3O4 NPs was examined using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against cervical cancer (HeLa cell line) with different concentrations. The results showed an IC50 value of 61.97 μg mL−1 for Mn3O4 NPs from P. dulcis leaf extract. In general, the phytosynthetic route with synergistic effect of nanohybrid demonstrated an interaction with cancer cells, highlighting a pioneering optimum approach in synthesis of Mn3O4 NPs from aerial parts of P. dulcis.
Renal Response Outcomes of the EuroLupus and National Institutes of Health Cyclophosphamide Dosing Regimens in Childhood‐Onset Proliferative Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Wang Christine S. , Sadun Rebecca E. , Zhou Wenru , Miller Kristen R. , Pyle Laura , Ardoin Stacey P. , Bacha Christine , Hause Emily , Hui‐Yuen Joyce , Ling Nicole , Pereira Maria , Riebschleger Meredith , Rouster‐Stevens Kelly , Sarkissian Aliese , Shalen Julia , Soulsby William , Twilt Marinka , Wu Eveline Y. , Lewandowski Laura B. , Wenderfer Scott E. , Cooper Jennifer C. ,   the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Lupus Nephritis Working Group
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveWe compared clinical characteristics and renal response in patients with childhood‐onset proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) treated with the EuroLupus versus National Institutes of Health (NIH) cyclophosphamide (CYC) regimen.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at 11 pediatric centers in North America that reported using both CYC regimens. Data were extracted from the electronic medical record at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment initiation with CYC. To evaluate the adjusted association between CYC regimen (EuroLupus vs NIH) and renal response over time, generalized estimating equations with a logit link were used. An interaction between time and CYC regimen was included, and a contrast between CYC regimens at 12 months was used to evaluate the primary outcome.ResultsOne hundred forty‐five patients (58 EuroLupus, 87 NIH) were included. EuroLupus patients were on average older at the start of current CYC therapy, had longer disease duration, and more commonly had relapsed or refractory LN compared with the NIH group. After multivariable adjustment, there was no significant association between CYC regimen and achieving complete renal response at 12 months (odds ratio [OR] of response for the EuroLupus regimen, reference NIH regimen: 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29–1.98). There was also no significant association between CYC regimen and achieving at least a partial renal response at 12 months (OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.57–3.19).ConclusionOur study failed to demonstrate a benefit of the NIH regimen over the EuroLupus CYC regimen in childhood‐onset proliferative LN. However, future prospective outcome studies are needed.image
Expanding the toolbox of probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 for synthetic biology
Authors: Ba Fang , Zhang Yufei , Ji Xiangyang , Liu Wan‐Qiu , Ling Shengjie , Li Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEscherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a probiotic microbe that has the potential to be developed as a promising chassis for synthetic biology applications. However, the molecular tools and techniques for utilizing EcN remain to be further explored. To address this opportunity, the EcN‐based toolbox was systematically expanded, enabling EcN as a powerful platform for more applications. First, two EcN cryptic plasmids and other compatible plasmids were genetically engineered to enrich the manipulable plasmid toolbox for multiple gene coexpression. Next, two EcN‐based technologies were developed, including the conjugation strategy for DNA transfer, and quantification of protein expression capability. Finally, the EcN‐based applications were further expanded by developing EcN native integrase‐mediated genetic engineering and establishing an in vitro cell‐free protein synthesis (CFPS) system. Overall, this study expanded the toolbox for manipulating and making full use of EcN as a commonly used probiotic chassis, providing several simplified, dependable, and predictable strategies for researchers working in synthetic biology fields.
A toolkit for automatically generating and modifying VR hierarchy tile menus
Authors: Bao Xiyu , Bian Yulong , Qi Meng , Liu Ran , Gai Wei , Liu Juan , Luan Hongqiu , Yang Chenglei , Wang Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCurrent VR/AR system development studios lack a toolkit that can automatically generate hierarchical tile menu layouts and menu prototypes for VR/AR devices without the need for user programming. This paper proposes a solution in the form of a toolkit that automatically generates a hierarchy tile menu layout using a modified circular treemap algorithm. Users can interactively arrange and resize tiles to create various layouts according to their preferences or needs, utilizing a circle packer method. The toolkit further automatically generates a VR/AR menu prototype based on the resulting layout. Notably, reprogramming is not necessary each time the hierarchy is modified or the menu layout is redesigned. The user test results demonstrate that the proposed toolkit simplifies the creation of hierarchical tile menu layouts, enhances user efficiency in the design process, and enables users to flexibly create hierarchical tile menu prototypes according to their design ideas.
Overexpression of PPM1B inhibited chemoresistance to temozolomide and proliferation in glioma cells
Authors: Yu Yunhu , Liu Qian , Ran Qishan , Cao Fang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProtein phosphatase magnesium‐dependent 1B (PPM1B) functions as IKKβ phosphatases to terminate nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling. NF‐κB signaling was constitutively activated in glioma cells. At present, little is known about the role of PPM1B in glioma. In the current study, we found that the expression of PPM1B was reduced in glioma tissues and cells, and decreased expression of PPM1B was related to poor overall survival of patients. Overexpression of PPM1B inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of glioma cells. Moreover, PPM1B overexpression reduced the phosphorylation of IKKβ and inhibited the nuclear localization of NF‐κBp65. PDTC, an inhibitor of NF‐κB signaling, reversed PPM1B‐knockdown‐induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, overexpression of PPM1B enhanced the sensitivity of glioma cells to temozolomide. In vivo experiments showed that overexpression of PPM1B could inhibit tumor growth, improve the survival rate of nude mice, and enhance the sensitivity to temozolomide. In conclusion, PPM1B suppressed glioma cell proliferation and the IKKβ‐NF‐κB signaling pathway, and enhanced temozolomide sensitivity of glioma cells.
New perspectives on carbon reinforced concrete structures—Why new composites need new design strategies
Authors: Curbach Manfred , Hegger Josef , Bielak Jan , Schmidt Christopher , Bosbach Sven , Scheerer Silke , Claßen Martin , Simon Jaan‐Willem , Maas Hans‐Gerd , Vollpracht Anya , Koch Andreas , Hahn Lars , Butler Marko , Beckmann Birgit , Adam Viviane , Cherif Chokri , Chudoba Rostislav , Gries Thomas , Günther Edeltraud , Kaliske Michael , Klinkel Sven , Löhnert Stefan , Lautenschläger Thea , Matschei Thomas , Mechtcherine Viktor , Nagel Wolfgang E. , Neinhuis Christoph , Niemeyer Alice , Noennig Jörg Rainer , Raupach Michael , Reese Stefanie , Scheffler Christina , Schladitz Frank , Traverso Marzia , Marx Steffen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn civil engineering, carbon is typically regarded as a modern material to serve as reinforcement in concrete structures. Compared to steel reinforcement, it features two substantial benefits: It is not sensitive to corrosion, and has an enormously increased tensile strength. In contrast, carbon reinforcement is sensitive to lateral pressure and lacks the property of strain hardening. As a first step of establishing carbon reinforced concrete as a new building composite material, carbon reinforcement has basically served to replace the state‐of‐the‐art steel reinforcement. This target led to pioneering findings with respect to determining the material properties of the composite and developing advanced individual components. However, barely substituting steel by carbon does not allow to fully utilize the carbon's benefits while its disadvantageous properties reveal the limits of this approach. Instead, novel design principles are required to meet the material's nature aiming at appropriately using its beneficial properties. Currently, new construction principles are being researched for high‐performance building material combinations such as textile and carbon reinforced concrete. This paper provides an overview of baselines in the preliminary stages of this research. The overview includes history, inspiration, concrete matrices, non‐metallic reinforcement, structural elements, modeling, production, tomography, and sustainability. The objective of the study is to provide a baseline for the envisaged development of principles for future construction: radically new concepts for the design, modeling, construction, manufacturing, and use of sustainable, resource‐efficient building elements made of mineral building materials with the aim of entirely benefiting from the materials' potential.
A Unique Two‐Dimensional Silver(II) Antiferromagnet Cu[Ag(SO4)2] and Perspectives for Its Further Modifications
Authors: Domański Mateusz , Mazej Zoran , Grochala Wojciech 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCopper(II) silver(II) sulfate crystallizes in a monoclinic CuSO4‐related structure with P21/n symmetry. This quasi‐ternary compound features Ag(SO4)22− layers, while the remaining cationic sites may be occupied either completely or partially by Cu2+ cations, corresponding to the formula of (CuxAg1−x)[Ag(SO4)2], x=0.6−1.0. CuAg(SO4)2 is antiferromagnetic with large negative Curie‐Weiss temperature of −140 K and shows characteristic ordering phenomenon at 40.4 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the strongest superexchange interaction is a two‐dimensional antiferromagnetic coupling within Ag(SO4)22− layers, with the superexchange constant J2D of −11.1 meV. This renders CuAg(SO4)2 the rare representative of layered Ag2+‐based antiferromagnets. Magnetic coupling is facilitated by the strong mixing of Ag d(x2−y2) and O 2p states. Calculations show that M2+ sites in MAg(SO4)2 can be occupied with other similar cations such as Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Mg2+.
Damage by typhoon Hato compared among three different plant communities in Macau, China
Authors: Yi Qifei , Ye Wen , Wang Faguo , Xing Fuwu , Harris AJ , Duan Lei , Chen Hongfeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTropical cyclones are among the major climatic disasters threatening human survival and development. They are also responsible in part for forest taxonomic composition and dynamics and may lead to catastrophic succession between ecosystems. In this study, we aimed to investigate the extensiveness and severity of the effect caused by Typhoon Hato among the three primary plant communities in Macau, China, including Guia Hill, Taipa Grande, and Ka Ho. The plants' damage was classified into seven categories, ranging from Degree 6, which represents the most severe damage, to Degree 0, which represents almost no damage. The impact of Typhoon Hato was evaluated at different levels, including sample plots, species, DBH, and community structure. Our results show that the sub‐climax community of Guia Hill was most disturbed, with the highest damage index (DI) of 55.28%. Similarly, the Ka Ho shoreline shrub community was also considerably influenced, with a DI of 48.14%. By contrast, the managed secondary forest around Taipa Grande was the least affected, with a DI of 32.66%. Additionally, from the tree layer perspective, the tall trees at Guia Hill canopy layer were directly affected by wind, while the dense understory layer suffered from severe secondary damage due to the fallen trees and branches. For Taipa Grande, the dominant species in the canopy layer were shorter and had less direct damage; the secondary damage was also small as a consequence. Ka Ho had more dwarfed and multibranched species surviving from the sea breeze since Ka Ho was close to the sea. The dense plant structure in Ka Ho protected plants from being easily broken by typhoons, but some twigs and leaves were lost. Some less damaged local species and easily recovered species found in this study could inform the selection of wind‐resistant species for the typhoon‐affected communities.