bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional and population-based study from primary care on post-COVID-19 conditions in non-hospitalized patients
Authors: Ose Dominik J. , Gardner Elena , Millar Morgan , Curtin Andrew , Wu Jiqiang , Zhang Mingyuan , Schaefer Camie , Wang Jing , Leiser Jennifer , Stoesser Kirsten , Kiraly Bernadette 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Current research on post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) has focused on hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and often lacks a comparison group. This study assessed the prevalence of PCC in non-hospitalized COVID-19 primary care patients compared to primary care patients not diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods
This cross-sectional, population-based study (n = 2539) analyzed and compared the prevalence of PCC in patients with a positive COVID-19 test (n = 1410) and patients with a negative COVID-19 test (n = 1129) never hospitalized for COVID-19 related conditions. Participants were identified using electronic health records and completed an electronic questionnaire, available in English and Spanish, including 54 potential post COVID-19 symptoms. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the association of PCC with COVID-19.

Results
Post-COVID-19 conditions are prevalent in both groups, and significantly more prevalent in patients with COVID-19. Strong significant differences exist for the twenty most reported conditions, except for anxiety. Common conditions are fatigue (59.5% (COVID-19 positive) vs. 41.3% (COVID-19 negative); OR 2.15 [1.79–2.60]), difficulty sleeping (52.1% (positive) vs. 41.9% (negative); OR 1.42 [1.18–1.71]) and concentration problems (50.6% (positive) vs 28.5% (negative); OR 2.64 [2.17–3.22]). Similar disparities in prevalence are also observed after comparing two groups (positive vs. negative) by age, sex, time since testing, and race/ethnicity.

Conclusions
PCC is highly prevalent in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients in primary care. However, it is important to note that PCC strongly overlaps with common health symptoms seen in primary care, including fatigue, difficulty sleeping, and headaches, which makes the diagnosis of PCC in primary care even more challenging.
Enhancing sparrow search algorithm with OCSSA: Integrating osprey optimization and Cauchy mutation for improved convergence and precision
Authors: Yong Chang , Ting He , Peng Chen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study enhances the traditional sparrow search algorithm (SSA) to address its weaknesses, such as poor convergence rates and precision due to a tendency to fall into local optima. The improved version, OCSSA, integrates the Osprey optimization algorithm (OOA) and Cauchy mutation. Logistic chaotic mapping is used for initial population generation to increase genetic diversity. OOA boosts global exploration in the producer phase, and Cauchy mutation in the scroungers phase disrupts suboptimal solutions, enhancing the algorithm's ability to avoid local optima. OCSSA's performance, validated through ten benchmark functions and fault diagnosis optimization tasks, significantly improves convergence speed and accuracy, proving its effectiveness in complex optimization challenges.
AODiMP‐TIR: Anti‐occlusion thermal infrared targets tracker based on SuperDiMP
Authors: Ma Shaoyang , Yang Yao , Chen Gang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo address the issue of tracking drift and failures in thermal infrared (TIR) tracking tasks caused by target occlusion, this study proposes an anti‐occlusion TIR target tracker named AODiMP‐TIR. This approach involves an anti‐occlusion strategy that relies on target occlusion status determination and trajectory prediction. This enables the prediction of the target's current position when it is identified as occluded, ensuring swift recapture upon reappearance. A criterion is introduced for occlusion status determination based on the classification response map of SuperDiMP. Additionally, a trajectory mapping module designed to decouple target motion from camera motion is presented, enhancing the precision of trajectory prediction. Comparative experiments with other state‐of‐the‐art trackers are conducted on the large‐scale high‐diversity thermal infrared object tracking benchmark (LSOTB‐TIR), LSOTB‐TIR100, and thermal infrared pedestrian tracking benchmark (PTB‐TIR) datasets. The results indicate that the AODiMP‐TIR performs well across all three datasets, particularly exhibiting outstanding performance in occlusion sequences. Furthermore, ablation study experiments confirm the effectiveness of the anti‐occlusion strategy, occlusion determination criterion and trajectory mapping module.
Comparative Performance Analysis of Novel Single-Slope Conventional Solar Still and Solar Still with ZnO Water Nanofluids through Experimental Investigation
Authors: Sailash N. , Sakthivel T.G. 
Published: February 2024

Aim: This research primary aim is to explore efficiency of utilizing ZnO nanoparticles in elevating the solar still productivity for purifying saltwater into freshwater. The study involves a comparison of the output of a solar still with and without the use of nanoparticles to assess the influence of ZnO nanoparticles on the still's performance. The results of
this investigation are expected to contribute to the development of more sustainable techniques for converting seawater into freshwater. Material and Methods: Two sets of experiments were conducted in this research: Group 1, which utilized a conventional solar still without ZnO nanoparticles, and Group 2, which utilized a modified solar still containing ZnO nanoparticles. The study included a total of 40 samples, with 20 samples in each group. SPSS software was used to calculate the size of the samples. The data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to obtain the mean and standard deviation of the results. The data gathered from the experiments were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The study found that the most effective systems for reducing the payback period for the still with ZnO nanofluids were up to almost 3 years. This duration is lower than that of the still with ordinary water, and they also outperform carbon nanotubes and other nanofluids. The mean amount of clean water produced by Group 1 and Group 2 was compared using an independent t-test sample. Using SPSS v26 statistical software an samplet test was conducted on the obtained results, and the significance was ensured from the obtained (two- tailed) test p value 0.000 (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: The utilization of ZnO nanoparticles as an additive to the base fluid has led to a considerable improvement in the solar still's productivity. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.3% has significantly increased the daily yield, evaporation, and condensation rates. This enhancement in performance can result in a boost of up to
Clean Development Mechanism: Indian Step Sustainable Environment
Authors: Shrivastava Abhinav , Lourens Melanie , Sharma Anupam , Bajaj Shivani 
Published: February 2024

The Kyoto Protocol established the Clean Development system (CDM), a cooperative system that might help developing nations achieve sustainable development by encouraging environmentally conscious investment from firms and governments in affluent nations. An overview of the CDM's history, composition, and project cycle is given in this publication, which also looks at the benefits and potential value for participating developing nations like India. The Ozone layer is being weakened by pollution brought on by an increasing population. On our earth, every species is in danger of being extinct. The primary conclusions are: With the aid of the Kyoto Protocol, three formal methods for global emission reduction were established: Joint Implementation (JI), Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and International Emissions Trading (IET). It raises public awareness, and with the aid of certified emission reduction units, some environmental organizations developed the idea of carbon trading. The CDM offers both industrialized and developing nations a win-win scenario. Businesses in India such as Gujarat Fluoro Chemicals, Tata Steel, NTPC, ONGC, and others can obtain several facilities abroad by using CERs. Through the exchange of credits and reduction of GHG emissions, carbon trading and CER "claims" to avert the impending disaster. Therefore, it can be concluded that imposing carbon prices with refunds is an effective strategy to address the pre-existing issue.
Since reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a worldwide public good and the location of emission reductions has no bearing on the global stock of GHG, the CDM's premise is that reductions in emissions should be made where they can be done for the least amount of money. The findings shed light on potential difficulties in navigating market mechanisms in the future and show how the Carbon Offset Management (CDM) program has provided nearly 20 years of knowledge and expertise in the area of global carbon offset governance.
S3-Leitlinie: Lungenerkrankung bei Mukoviszidose – Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Schwarz Carsten , Bend Jutta , Hebestreit Helge , Hogardt Michael , Hügel Christian , Illing Stephan , Mainz Jochen G. , Rietschel Ernst , Schmidt Sebastian , Schulte-Hubbert Bernhard , Sitter Helmut , Wielpütz Marc Oliver , Hammermann Jutta , Baumann Ingo , Brunsmann Frank , Dieninghoff Doris , Eber Ernst , Ellemunter Helmut , Eschenhagen Patience , Evers Caroline , Gruber Saskia , Koitschev Assen , Ley-Zaporozhan Julia , Düesberg Uta , Mentzel Hans-Joachim , Nüßlein Thomas , Ringshausen Felix C. , Sedlacek Ludwig , Smaczny Christina , Sommerburg Olaf , Sutharsan Sivagurunathan , Vonberg Ralf-Peter , Weber Ann-Katrin , Zerlik Jovita 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungMukoviszidose (Cystic Fibrosis, CF) ist die häufigste autosomal-rezessiv vererbte Multisystemerkrankung. In Deutschland sind mind. 8000 Menschen betroffen. Die Erkrankung wird durch Mutationen im Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR)-Gen verursacht, welche zu einer Fehlfunktion des Chloridkanals CFTR führen. Dadurch kommt es in den Atemwegen zu einer unzureichenden Hydrierung des epithelialen Flüssigkeitsfilms und somit zu einer Reduktion der mukoziliären Clearance.Auch wenn seit einigen Jahren mit der CFTR-Modulatortherapie eine hochwirksame kausale CF-Therapie zur Verfügung steht und die Patienten größtenteils das höhere Erwachsenenalter erreichen, treten rezidivierende und chronische Infektionen der Atemwege sowie pulmonale Exazerbationen weiterhin auf. Im Erwachsenenalter zeigt sich v. a. die Kolonisation und chronische Infektion mit Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), die zu weiterem Verlust an Lungenfunktion führt. Für die medikamentöse Therapie der chronischen PA-Infektion stehen viele unterschiedliche Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung.Mit dieser S3-Leitlinie wird eine evidenzbasierte Diagnostik und Therapie der PA-Infektion dargelegt, um eine Orientierung bei der individuellen Therapieentscheidung zu geben.
Task Force Dyspnoe Unit (DU)
Authors: Dellweg Dominic , Nilius Georg , Grünewaldt Achim , Günther Andreas , Held Matthias , Hetzel Martin , Schlesinger Andreas , Schlott Robin , Sofianos Georgios , Unnewehr Markus , Voshaar Thomas , Randerath Winfried 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die akut aufgetretene Dyspnoe ist eines der häufigsten internistischen Symptome in der Notaufnahme. Sie entsteht bei einer akuten Erkrankung oder aus der Exazerbation einer chronischen Erkrankung heraus. Für die Leitsymptome des akuten Schlaganfalls sowie bei akutem Brustschmerz existieren mit den Stroke und Chest Pain Units bereits symptombezogene Notfallstrukturen und entsprechende Strukturvorgaben. Diese fehlen in Deutschland für das Leitsymptom Dyspnoe, obwohl in anderen Ländern der Nutzen dieser Strukturen bereits bewiesen wurde. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin hat nun zusammen mit dem Verband Pneumologischer Kliniken eine Task Force ins Leben gerufen, deren Aufgabe es ist, sich mit dem Thema auseinanderzusetzten und entsprechende Strukturvorgaben solcher „Dyspnoe Units“ für Deutschland zu erarbeiten. Am Ende des Prozesses steht fakultativ die Zertifizierung derartiger Einheiten an deutschen Krankenhäusern.
Rare Example of abnormal vocal resonance: a case from Balzacʼs novel
Authors: Berezutskyi Volodymyr , Berezutska Maryna 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungUngewöhnliche klinische Fälle wecken bei praktizierenden Ärzten immer wieder Interesse und ermöglichen es ihnen, ihre Wissensbasis zu erweitern und ihre Fähigkeiten zum klinischen Denken zu verbessern. Der Zweck dieser Studie besteht darin, einen klinischen Fall von Stimmresonanz beim Singen bei einem schwindsüchtigen Teenager aus dem Roman „Der Landarzt“ von Honoré de Balzac unter Verwendung induktiver und deduktiver Methoden des klinischen Denkens zu analysieren. Stimmresonanzen beim Singen in Schwindsucht können als pathognomonisches Zeichen für eine kavernöse Tuberkulose gewertet werden, da nur mit dem Bronchus verbundene Hohlräume als Helmholtz-Resonator wirken. Trotz der Einzigartigkeit ist das Gehäuse durchaus realistisch, da es nicht im Widerspruch zu den Gesetzen der Akustik steht. Praktizierende Ärzte verfügen über die Kenntnisse der medizinischen Physik, Morphologie und Physiologie, die zum Verständnis der Pathogenese der klinischen Manifestation einer Lungenhöhle erforderlich sind. Dieser Fall zeigt deutlich die Vor- und Nachteile klinischer Denkmethoden, die in der Praxis eingesetzt werden. Dank der Kombination aus Originalität und Realismus kann der Fall von Stimmresonanz aus Balzacs Roman „Der Landarzt“ seinen rechtmäßigen Platz in der persönlichen Sammlung klinischer Fälle eines jeden Lungenarztes einnehmen.
One-pot heat-up synthesis of short-wavelength infrared, colloidal InAs quantum dots
Authors: Lee J. , Zhao T. , Yang S. , Muduli M. , Murray C. B. , Kagan C. R. 
Published: February 2024

III–V colloidal quantum dots (QDs) promise Pb and Hg-free QD compositions with which to build short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) optoelectronic devices. However, their synthesis is limited by the availability of group-V precursors with controllable reactivities to prepare monodisperse, SWIR-absorbing III–V QDs. Here, we report a one-pot heat-up method to synthesize ∼8 nm edge length (∼6.5 nm in height) tetrahedral, SWIR-absorbing InAs QDs by increasing the [In3+]:[As3+] ratio introduced using commercially available InCl3 and AsCl3 precursors and by decreasing the concentration and optimizing the volume of the reducing reagent superhydride to control the concentration of In(0) and As(0) intermediates through QD nucleation and growth. InAs QDs are treated with NOBF4, and their deposited films are exchanged with Na2S to yield n-type InAs QD films. We realize the only colloidal InAs QD photoconductors with responsivity at the technologically important wavelength of 1.55 μm.
Azimuthal phase-dependent electromagnetically induced transparency and the generation of spatial light in a microwave-assisted four-level Y-type system
Authors: Akhtar Samim , Saha Jayanta K , Hossain Md Mabud 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present an azimuthal phase-dependent scheme to study the spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and the generation of spatial light in a closed-loop four-level Y-type system. A structured control beam and a microwave (MW) field are adopted in the closed-loop structure. Interestingly, the weak non-vortex probe beam responses explicitly depend on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the control beam along with the MW-assisted quantum interference. The regions of spatially dependent EIT are demonstrated at different azimuthal angles. It is found that the intensity of the structured control beam and the relative phase arising out of the beams participating in the closed-loop can be used as the controlling knobs to tailor the shape and the angular location of the spatially dependent EIT.
Competition of multiphoton ionization pathways in lithium
Authors: Tóth Balázs , Tóth Attila , Csehi András 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study the three-photon ionization of atomic lithium by intense, short light pulses, via numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Two-photon Rabi oscillations are induced between the 2s and 4s states, which are damped due to single-photon ionization to the p continuum. Developing a minimal three-level model, we analyze the spectral features of the Autler–Townes (AT) doublet that is formed upon the resonant coupling with the laser pulse. Furthermore, we show that this

2
s
→→
4
s
→
p

c
o
n
t
i
n
u
u
m

pathway is the dominant process, if the duration of the laser pulse exceeds a certain value. For shorter pulses, ionization through the 2p state (

2
s
→
2
p
→
4
d
→
f

c
o
n
t
i
n
u
u
m

) gradually becomes the dominant process, provided that the pulse is strong enough to induce several Rabi floppings. Here, we trace the competition of these ionization pathways by observing the structural changes in the shape of the AT doublet.
Poly-Si/a-Si/4H-SiC p-n heterojunction broadband photodetector prepared by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Li Zihao , Zhang Mingkun , Fu Zhao , Zhang Zeyang , Wu Shaoxiong , Zhang Yuning , Lin Dingqu , Hong Rongdun , Cai Jiafa , Chen Xiaping , Zhang Feng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the increasing complexity of scenarios, there is a growing need for broadband photodetectors (PDs). In this work, we report a polycrystalline-Si (poly-Si)/amorphous-Si (a-Si)/4H-SiC p-n heterojunction PD with efficient response in a broad spectral range of ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared. The poly-Si/a-Si/4H-SiC heterojunction was achieved by magnetron sputtering and annealing. The fabricated heterojunction device has a low dark current of 1 pA at −40 V and a fast response time of 3 ns due to the outstanding rectification characteristics of the heterojunction combined with narrow bandgap and wide bandgap material. In addition, the carrier behavior of the heterojunction exposed to broadband light is analyzed in detail by constructing the energy band diagram.
First-principles prediction of n-type diamond: novel co-doped structure using N and Be impurities
Authors: Sun Xiang , Shen Wei , Cheng Chunmin , Wu Gai , Liang Kang , Zhang Dongliang , Wang Shizhao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To address the limitation of diamond-based electronic devices, a comprehensive study on n-type diamond is crucial. A novel dopant structure, nitrogen–beryllium co-doping, is proposed for achieving n-type doping. The dopant structure, electronic property, synthesis route and internal strain are analyzed using first-principles density functional theory. The formation energy and ionization energy of xN–Be (x = 1–4) are compared to elucidate the distinct doping effects associated with varying numbers of N atoms. The formation energy initially decreases and then gradually increases with an incensing number of N atoms. Notably, 3N–Be and 4N–Be exhibit appealing n-type diamond properties, with low ionization energies of 0.30–0.41 eV (3N–Be) and 0.23–0.37 eV (4N–Be). To facilitate the preparation of 3/4N–Be co-doped diamond, a non-molecular synthetic route is proposed, involving the prior generation of the 3N-V and 4N-V. The 3/4N–Be co-doped diamond exhibits relatively small strain energy. Finally, this investigation highlights the potential of 3/4N–Be co-doping as excellent choices for n-type dopants, providing a greater variety of n-type structures with similar ionization energy compared to 4N–Li co-doping.
A comprehensive survey of machine remaining useful life prediction approaches based on pattern recognition: taxonomy and challenges
Authors: Zhou Jianghong , Yang Jiahong , Qian Quan , Qin Yi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPredictive maintenance (PdM) is currently the most cost-effective maintenance method for industrial equipment, offering improved safety and availability of mechanical assets. A crucial component of PdM is the remaining useful life (RUL) prediction for machines, which has garnered increasing attention. With the rapid advancements in industrial internet of things and artificial intelligence technologies, RUL prediction methods, particularly those based on pattern recognition (PR) technology, have made significant progress. However, a comprehensive review that systematically analyzes and summarizes these state-of-the-art PR-based prognostic methods is currently lacking. To address this gap, this paper presents a comprehensive review of PR-based RUL prediction methods. Firstly, it summarizes commonly used evaluation indicators based on accuracy metrics, prediction confidence metrics, and prediction stability metrics. Secondly, it provides a comprehensive analysis of typical machine learning methods and deep learning networks employed in RUL prediction. Furthermore, it delves into cutting-edge techniques, including advanced network models and frontier learning theories in RUL prediction. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing the current main challenges and prospects in the field. The intended audience of this article includes practitioners and researchers involved in machinery PdM, aiming to provide them with essential foundational knowledge and a technical overview of the subject matter.
Critical pulse in multi-shot femtosecond laser ablation on metallic surfaces
Authors: Wang Pengjie , Kong Xiangguang , Qi Fugong , Zhou Jiyu , Ding Haimin , Peng Qing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Thermal effect remains a thorny issue for femtosecond-laser surface engineering and nanostructuring on metallic targets with high pulse energies or high repetition rates, which needs to be paid adequate attentions. Herein, we have experimentally investigated the heat diffusion and accumulations during single-shot and multi-shot femtosecond laser ablation on metallic surfaces. We have for the first time observed a novel phenomenon that the thermal effect was intensified abruptly when the laser-pulse number goes over a threshold (approximately between 10 and 20 for aluminum alloy with laser fluence of 6 J cm−2), accompanied with a dramatic reduction of ablated depth and complicated plasma dynamics. Based on both optical and thermodynamic analysis, we introduced a defocusing-dominated plasma-assistant model for this abnormal thermal effect. This work explored the critical experimental parameters for femtosecond-laser surface modification and processing in micro-scale engineering applications.