bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival benefit of maintenance therapy in AML: a retrospective study in Iran
Authors: Shariatmaghani Somayeh Sadat , Allahyari Abollghasem , Rahimi Hossein , Kamandi Mostafa , Mozaheb Zahra , Shamsi Mohsen Seddigh , Azimi Sajad Ataei , Bary Alireza , Mohaddes Tahereh , Emadzadeh Maryam , Nazar Eisa , Davoudi Farnoush , Borojerdi Zahra Rezaei , Nodeh Mohammad Moeini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with high relapse rates even in patients who achieve complete remission. The lack of availability of oral azacitidine in some countries has limited its use. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of AML patients with and without maintenance therapy using available drugs.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study reviewed the charts of AML patients treated in oncology centers in northeast Iran from February 2015 to February 2021. The study included patients who experienced complete remission following induction and consolidation chemotherapy and did not undergo Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Patients were categorized based on whether they received maintenance therapy after first-line treatment or were only followed up. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between these groups.
Results
A total of 100 patients (1:1 ratio) met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences between the two groups. 39 individuals (78%) in the follow-up group and 26 individuals (54.2%) in the maintenance group died between complete remission and February 2021 (p = 0.01). The Median (95% CI) DFS in the follow-up and maintenance groups were 11 (8.6–13.3) and 18 (7.3–28.6) months, respectively (P = 0.03). The median OS (95% CI) was 16 (10.8–21.1) months in the follow-up group and 23 (10.8–35) months in the maintenance group (P = 0.04). Further comparisons between patients who received subcutaneous cytarabine and oral thioguanine revealed no significant differences in DFS or OS.
Conclusion
The study results suggest that maintenance therapy with subcutaneous cytarabine or oral thioguanine after complete remission in patients with AML is associated with improved DFS and OS.
Human O-linked Glycosylation Site Prediction Using Pretrained Protein Language Model
Authors: Pakhrin Subash , Chauhan Neha , Khan Salman , Upadhyaya Jamie , Keller Charles , Neuman Laurie , Beck Moriah , Blanco Eduardo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
O-linked glycosylation of proteins is an essential post-translational modification process in Homo sapiens, where the attachment of a sugar moiety occurs at the oxygen atom of serine and/or threonine residues. This modification plays a pivotal role in various biological and cellular functions. While threonine or serine residues in a protein sequence are potential sites for O-linked glycosylation, not all threonine or serine residues are O-linked glycosylated. Furthermore, the modification is reversible. Hence, it is of vital importance to characterize if and when O-linked glycosylation occurs. We propose a multi-layer perceptron-based approach termed OglyPred-PLM which leverages the contextualized embeddings produced from the ProtT5-XL-UniRef50 protein language model that significantly improves the prediction performance of human O-linked glycosylation sites. OglyPred-PLM surpassed the performance of other indispensable O-linked glycosylation predictors on the independent benchmark dataset. This demonstrates that OglyPred-PLM is a powerful and unique computational tool to predict O-linked glycosylation sites in proteins and thus will accelerate the discovery of unknown O-linked glycosylation sites in proteins.
Genetic Mutation Patterns Among Glioblastoma Patients in the Taiwanese Population – Insights from a Single Institution Retrospective Study
Authors: Shen Chiung-Chyi , Hung Yu-Fen , Chiao Ming-Tsang , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Zhan Yong-Xiang , Chen Tse-Yu , Lee Chung-Hsin , Liao Chih-Hsiang , Cheng Wen-Yu , Yen Chun-Ming , Chen Jun-Peng , Lai Chih-Ming , Yang Meng-Yin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study employed NGS to investigate genetic factors influencing extended (A: over two years) versus abbreviated (B: under two years) survival in GBM. We analyzed 30 treatment-naïve GBM patients, categorizing them into two groups: over two years (N = 17) and under two years (N = 13) survival. The ClinVar database aided in confirming pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The cohort, aged 23 to 66 (median: 53), included 17 patients in Group A (survival > 2 years, 10 males, 7 females), and 13 patients in Group B (survival < 2 years, 8 males, 5 females), with a 60–40% male-to-female ratio. Identified mutations included CHEK2 (c.1477G > A, p.E493K), IDH1 (c.395G > A, p.R132H), and TP53 mutations. Non-coding regions exhibited variants in the TERT promoter (c.-146C > T, c.-124C > T) and TP53 RNA splicing site (c.376-2A > C, c.376-2A > G). While Group A had more mutations, statistical significance wasn't reached, likely due to sample size. Notably, TP53, and ATR displayed a trend toward significance. Surprisingly, TP53 mutations were more prevalent in Group A, contradicting Western findings on poorer GBM prognosis. In Taiwanese GBM patients, bevacizumab usage is linked to improved survival rates, affirming its safety and effectiveness. EGFR mutations are infrequent, suggesting potential distinctions in carcinogenic pathways. Further research on EGFR mutations and amplifications is essential for refining therapeutic approaches. TP53 mutations are associated with enhanced survival, but their functional implications necessitate detailed exploration. This study pioneers genetic analysis in Taiwanese GBM patients using NGS, advancing our understanding of their genetic landscape.
Machine Learning Risk Prediction Model for 6-Month Postoperative Prognosis after Anti-Reflux Surgery for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Liu Chuangxiong , Ma Ning , Ma Tao , Huang Hao-Nan , Huang En-Ming , Tang Fu-Xing , Chen Shuang , Zhou Taicheng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: Anti-reflux surgery is an effective treatment for GERD, but personalized prognosis tools are lacking.
Methods: This prospective study included patients undergoing laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery at a single center. The outcome of interest was the 6-month postoperative prognosis. Random forest analysis was used to identify predictors, and multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a clinical prediction model. Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation and area under the curve (AUC)
Results: Seven important variables were identified, and two independent factors, "distal contractile integral" and "proximal distance of the lower esophageal sphincter," were selected for the clinical prediction model. The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.902 (CI: 0.8458-0.9587), and the leave-one-out cross-validation yielded an ROC of 0.890, with sensitivity of 0.575, specificity of 0.920, and accuracy of 0.826. The model showed good discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility.
Conclusion: A validated clinical prediction model was developed to effectively predict the risk of poor prognosis after anti-reflux surgery. Its implementation can assist patients and surgeons in making informed decisions and improving patient outcomes.
Horizontal lithium electrodeposition on atomically polarized monolayer hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Lee Sang-Young , Kim Seung-Hyeok , Kim Minsu , Kristanto Imanuel , Kim Won-Yeong , Ryu Kun , Kim Hong-I , Ma Kyung Yeol , Heo Cheol , Kwak Sang Kyu , Meng Ying Shirley , Shin Hyeon Suk 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Both uncontrolled Li dendrite growth and corrosion are major obstacles to the practical application of Li metal batteries. Despite numerous attempts to address these challenges, effective solutions for dendrite-free reversible Li electrodeposition have remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the horizontal Li electrodeposition on top of atomically-polarized monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Theoretical investigations revealed that the hexagonal lattice configuration and polarity of the monolayer hBN, devoid of dangling bonds, reduced the energy barrier for the surface diffusion of Li, thus facilitating reversible in-plane Li growth. Moreover, the single-atom-thick hBN deposited on a Cu current collector (monolayer hBN/Cu) facilitated the formation of an inorganic-rich, homogeneous solid electrolyte interphase layer, which enabled the uniform Li+ flux and suppressed Li corrosion. Consequently, Li metal and anode-free full cells containing the monolayer hBN/Cu exhibited improved rate performance and cycle life. This study suggests that the monolayer hBN is a promising class of underlying seed-layer to enable dendrite- and corrosion-free, horizontal Li electrodeposition for sustainable Li metal anodes in next-generation batteries.
The role of prejudice and prior contact in support for evidence-based interventions to reduce drug-related deaths: Results from a survey across the island of Ireland.
Authors: Miller Nicole M , Campbell Claire , Shorter Gillian W 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Stigmatized attitudes, opinions on opioid use, and prior contact with people who use drugs (PWUD) can contribute to what policies are supported and implemented to reduce drug-related deaths. This study examined how these variables relate to policy support for implementation of supervised injection sites, laws protecting bystander at the scene of an overdose, and over the counter naloxone on the island of Ireland.Methods A sample of 472 adults across the Island of Ireland completed an online survey. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to examine associations between respondent attitudes and policy support. Mediation analysis explored how stigma mediated the relationship between prior contact and policy support. Open-ended questions explored attitudes further and were analysed using codebook Thematic Analysis.Results The final model accounted for 29% of the variance in policy support. Non sympathetic attitudes towards people who use opioids predicted less policy support (β=-.18) and agreement that PWUD were not criminals predicted more policy support (β = .14). Mediation analysis showed that medium or high levels of familiarity with PWUD (compared to low) reduced social stigma, avoidance, and disgust which in turn increased levels of policy support. Medium familiarity (compared to low) showed a small indirect effect via sympathetic attitudes and condemnation. Meta-inferences from the qualitative analysis evidenced mechanisms of stigma and prior contact.Conclusion Stigma reduction programs should consider the role of prejudice and target negative emotional reactions such as lack of sympathy towards PWUD. Programs aimed at reducing stigma should be informed by the lived or living experience of PWUD, families and carers, to help increase social acceptance, understanding, and policy support.
Association between Serum Creatinine and Cognitive Impairment in US Older Adults
Authors: Wang Xinping , Lu Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and aims:
The global rise in the aging population has brought cognitive impairment to the forefront as a prevailing concern. Serum creatinine (Cre), an indicator of renal function, has been proposed as a potential predictor of cognitive impairment. However, the existing clinical literature lacks a unified conclusion on the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment.
Methods
We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2011 to 2014 to investigate the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment. Cognitive function was assessed using three tests: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency (AF), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Cognitive impairment was defined based on cutoff values: CERAD < 5, AF < 14, and DSST < 34. A cross-sectional study employing a weighted multiple logistic regression model was conducted to demonstrate the association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment. To explore any potential nonlinear relationship, generalized additive models (GAM) and a smooth curve fit utilizing the penalty spline method were applied. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were performed using the likelihood ratio test.
Results
A total of 2771 participants aged ≥ 60 years were included in the study. The data revealed an association between serum Cre levels and an increased risk of cognitive impairment, as measured by the DSST test [full adjustment, OR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001–1.006]. Additionally, the Q4 group in the AF test showed an elevated risk of cognitive impairment [full adjustment, OR = 1.445, 95% CI: 1.012–2.062]. To analyze the model, a two-piecewise linear regression model was employed. The calculated inflection point for serum Cre was 138.79 µmol/L. Participants falling on the left of this inflection point or with serum Cre levels less than 138.79 µmol/L, based on the AF test, exhibited an OR value of 1.007 (95% CI: 1.001, 1.013) and a p-value of 0.03, indicating a significant association with cognitive impairment. Furthermore, subgroup analysis and interaction tests demonstrated a significantly increased risk of cognitive impairment associated with serum Cre levels in female participants, as observed in both the AF and DSST tests.
Conclusions
The cross-sectional association between serum Cre and cognitive impairment was found to be non-linear, with a threshold level of 138.79 µmol/L. In order to further validate our findings and explore possible mechanisms, upcoming large-scale prospective clinical trials will employ a greater number of samples and utilize highly effective data collection methods.
Assessment of Molecular pattern of Beta Thalassemia Children in El Minya Governorate (Single Center Study)
Authors: Hakeem Gehan Lotfy Abdel , Monir Aliaa , Farag Naglaa Makram , yousef Lina Ahmed , Mahgoob Mohamed Hashim 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Thalassemia is one of the commonest autosomal recessive disorders in Mediterranean populations and are very heterogeneous at the molecular level. Β-Thalassemia has high mutation rate and genetic modifiers. Several prevention screening programs for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis have been proposed which its success depends on knowledge of most frequent prevalent mutations in each region. This study aims to assess molecular changes in Beta thalassemia patients and correlation of these molecular changes with their clinical outcomes.
Patients and Methods
The sstudy was conducted on 148 β thalassemia patients with age range of 2 -18 years living in Minya governorate. Patients were subjected to full history, clinical examination and diagnostic laboratory investigations .
Results
One hundred and forty-eight Egyptian children with β-thalassemia from El Minya governorate were screened for genetic mutations that are common in Mediterranean area by direct DNA sequencing. Twenty-two different mutations were studied which are the common mutation in North Africa and Mediterranean basin region. Out of these 22 mutations, nine were positive while 13 were not detected. 81% were homozygous mutations (IVS 848 59.5%, IVS 745 40%, IVS 1.1 35.1%, IVS 1.6 21.6%) while 19% were heterozygote mutations (IVS 1.110 10.8%, IVS 1.116 5.4% and IVS 2.1 2.7%).
Conclusion
B-Thalassemia mutation profile in El Minya governorate is totally different from those proved in other Areas in Egypt.
The effects of mixed intake of multi-nutrients on risk of mild cognitive impairment in an elderly Population in northern china: a machine learning approach
Authors: Gao Xian , Li Qingxia , Huang Xin , Sun Yan , Zhou Yutian , Zhu Huichen , Ma Yuxia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Few studies have considered multi-nutrients as a mixture and their impact on Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI). The aim of our study was to explore the health effects of mixed intake of multi-nutrients on MCI risk.
Methods
We measured dietary intake levels of fifteen nutrients in an elderly population in northern China who took part in the Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases (CCSNSD) from 2018 to 2019. We analyzed associations between multi-nutrients and MCI by multiple logistic regression models. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to evaluate the combined association of multi-nutrients on MCI.
Results
Of the 612 individuals included in our final analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression model, the folate, vitamin E, vitamin B6, magnesium, diet fiber, and iron showed significant negative correlations with MCI, while only vitamin B6 was associated with MCI after additional adjustment for other levels of the nutrients (fourth vs. first quartile), (OR (95% CI): 0.514(0.283,0.933)). In the BKMR model, the overall effect of fifteen nutrients was significantly negatively associated with MCI when all the nutrients were at the sixtieth percentile or above, compared to at the fiftieth percentile. In the hierarchical variable selection analyses of the BKMR, the results showed that vitamin E and vitamin B6 may play an important protective role in MCI, whereas vitamin C showed a inverse relationship. Dietary fiber and iron showed a U-shaped relationship with MCI. The potential complicated two-way interactions was found among the multi-nutrients using bivariate intake-response functions.
Conclusion
Using improved analysis model, we found evidence of higher vitamin E, and vitamin B6 levels associated with lower MCI, whereas vitamin C had the opposite effect. The intake of iron and dietary fiber should be moderate. There are potentially complex interactions between nutrients.
Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Associated with Increased Prevalence of Gallstone Disease in U.S. Adults: Data from the NHANES Study
Authors: Jia Feng , Chang Yu , Li Yuguang , Li Fangqi , Chen Xinqiao , Liu Xiangliang , Li Wei , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
Phthalate exposure has been hypothesized to influence cholesterol metabolism and gallstone pathogenesis, but previous studies are limited. We aimed to examine the associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and prevalence of gallstone disease in a nationally representative sample.
Methods
We analyzed data on 1,696 adults aged ≥ 6 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. Gallstone disease was defined based on self-reported physician-diagnosis. Exposure was measured by urinary concentrations of 10 phthalate metabolites. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) assessed metabolite mixtures in relation to gallstones.
Results
Elevated urinary concentrations of mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), and mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) were associated with 43–82% higher odds of gallstones compared to lower exposure groups. The WQS index exhibited a significant positive association with gallstone prevalence (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.10, 2.02). BKMR identified exposure-response trends for MECPP, MCPP, and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP).
Conclusion
Higher urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations were associated with increased gallstone risk. These novel findings suggest phthalate exposure may contribute to lithogenic pathogenesis. Future prospective and mechanistic research is warranted.
Altered Brain Functional Connectome Hierarchical Organization in HIV Patients
Authors: Liu# Jiaojiao , Xia Yunman , Wang# Xiaoyue , Wang Wei , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Mingming , Xire Aili , Ma Juming , Xu Fan , Hou Chuanke , Jiang Xingyuan , Luo Haixia , Li Hongjun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Research from the past has shown that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can quickly enter the central nervous system after seroconversion, and that roughly 50% of HIV patients may experience neurological problems. Application of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) can systemically inhibit viral replication, partially restoring immune functions, but it is unable to entirely eradicate viral proteins in the brain. The influence of HIV on brain functioning and behavioral symptoms is still completely unknown, despite extensive research into the functional and anatomical abnormalities in the brainof HIV patients.
Methods
We gathered resting-state functional MRI data from 77 individuals (42 HIV patients (with behavioral data) and 35 healthy controls) from Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University. We identified a constrained primary-to-transmodal gradient and an extended sensorimotor-to-visual gradient using functional connectome gradient analysis.
Results
According to group comparison analysis, the HIV patients had higher sensorimotor-to-visual and sensorimotor-to-visual spatial variation in the posterior cingulate cortex and a lower gradient score of primary-to-transmodal in the middle frontal gyrus. These two abnormal functional gradients of HIV patients were related to individual decreased abstract/executive processing abilities (planning, reasoning, set switching, flexible thinking, and updating, etc.) and clinical symptoms (CD4), as well as topological efficiency of brain functional network.
Conclusion
When taken as a whole, our findings describe the failure of the brain's functional hierarchical architecture in HIV patients, offering a novel perspective on the neurological mechanisms driving the virus.
Predictive etiology of Long COVID oncogenesis through SARS-CoV-2 proteins and AKT1 molecular docking interactions
Authors: Nawaz Rabia , Qazi Mehreen , Ahad Ammara , Arif Muhammad Ali , Shahid Muhammad , Amin Irum , Ajmal Anum , Naz Aramish , Irshad Urooj , Mehmood Uqba , Idrees Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: In 2019, the world witnessed an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, whose retention for two months or more leads to long COVID. Several long-term staying viruses cause oncogenesis. We intended to find any such potential with SARS-CoV-2. A rigorous systematic analysis of viral oncogenic pathways and long COVID was conducted. SARS-CoV-2 affects glutamatergic and Protein Tyrosine Kinases 1 signalling, leading to molecular interference. AKT1 protein was analyzed for predictive interaction studies with structural and non-structural viral proteins. Molecular docking simulations were also carried out.
Methods:Oncogenes were detected in SARS-CoV-2 protein sequence, using TAG database. AKT1 was selected as a high potential oncogenic factor and was modelled using SWISS-MODEL. Viral proteins structures were either downloaded from Protein Data Bank, otherwise modelled. Docking was performed using HDOCK server. Prediction of possible potential active sites was done using Protein Allosteric and Regulatory Site (PARS).
Results: AKT1 showed very strong interactive potential with all viral proteins with docking scores less than -200, envelope protein being the most potently reactive. PARS analysis showed that there might be more than one potential active site. All proteins cavities satisfied the requirement for flexibility p-value. NSP5 showed great structural conservation.
Conclusion: When SARS-CoV-2 stays in the body of infected person for extended time durations, it has a strong oncogenic potential. Given the host of cellular targets because of angiotensin-converting enzyme type-2 presence, any infected organ harboring the virus for longer terms might be at risk of developing cancer. We propose further molecular and case study investigations to assess this threat to full extent.