bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNAs in serum-derived extracellular vesicles are potential biomarker and correlated with immune infiltration in gastric cancer
Authors: Ding Juan , Teng Yunyan , Cui Rongshu , Liu Jin , Xiao Ke , Dong Zhaogang , Zhang Yi , Xu Xiaofei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been confirmed as effective non-invasive biomarkers for multiple diseases. However, their expression and clinical value in gastric cancer (GC) remain poorly understood.Materials and methodsSerum EV RNA was extracted from four patients with GC and four healthy controls, followed by high-throughput RNA sequencing. LncRNAs were further validated in training and validation sets using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.ResultsA total of 37,684 lncRNAs were obtained, and 10 lncRNAs were selected based on the criteria (P &lt; 0.05 and |log2FoldChange| ≥1). Serum EV lncRNA RMRP, RPPH1, and linc-ROR were significantly higher in patients with GC than in those with chronic gastritis, atypical hyperplasia, or healthy control (all P &lt; 0.05). Three lncRNAs were also significantly correlated with tumor diameter, lymphatic metastasis, distal metastasis, and TNM stage (all P &lt; 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) values for lncRNA RMRP, RPPH1, and linc-ROR were 0.727, 0.774, and 0.811, respectively. Corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 63.4% and 85.4%, 50.7% and 89.6%, and 78.5% and 66.7%. The combination of these three lncRNAs with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) yielded an AUC of 0.909, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% each. Furthermore, high EV linc-ROR and RMRP expression levels were associated with worse disease-free survival and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses confirmed that linc-ROR was the only independent prognostic factor for GC. Finally, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network showed that three lncRNAs were predicted to interact with 15 miRNAs and 69 mRNAs. In addition, lncRNA RMRP and linc-ROR were correlated with immune cell infiltration, including neutrophils, central memory CD4 T cells, macrophage, and natural kill T cells.ConclusionEV lncRNAs are prospective biomarker and correlated with immune cell infiltration in GC. It provides a foundation for the development of serum EV-targeted novel biomarkers and immunotherapy targets of GC.
Real-world outcomes of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments lenses on retarding axial elongation in myopic children and adolescents
Authors: Chun Rachel K. M. , Wong Kryshell Y. Q. , Lam Carly S. Y. , To Chi-ho , Liu Kenneth K. K. , Wong Yin-zhi , Tang Wing-chun , Chan Nicole , Kwok Dora , Cheung Max , Yung David , Lam Andrew K. C. 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the effect of Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments (DIMS) lenses on myopia progression and axial elongation in a clinical population.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using clinical data from 489 and 156 patients aged 3 to 17 years old who were prescribed DIMS and single vision (SV) lenses, respectively at the Optometry Clinic of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University between July 2018 and August 2019. The study included patients with previous myopia control interventions. The changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL) were measured and normalized to annual changes. The correlation between age at baseline and annual change in AL was also examined.ResultsThe total change in SER and AL after DIMS were −0.94 ± 0.79D and 0.55 ± 0.40 mm, respectively with an average wearing period of 31.98 ± 9.97 months. The normalized annual changes in SER and AL in DIMS wearers were significantly smaller than those in SV wearers (DIMS; SER change vs. AL changes; −0.38 ± 0.32D vs. 0.22 ± 0.16 mm. SV; −0.45 ± 0.41D vs. 0.29 ± 0.20 mm, p &lt; 0.05). Patients with a history of myopia control had greater myopia progression after wearing DIMS lenses. There was a significant negative correlation between age at baseline and annual change in AL (correlation coefficient, r = −0.61, p &lt; 0.001), suggesting that myopia progression was faster in children with a younger age of onset. A small proportion of patients (2.7%) experienced a clinically significant axial shortening (total change in AL:−0.13 ± 0.07 mm) after wearing DIMS lenses more than 2 years.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that DIMS lenses could retard axial elongation, with the effect sustained with increased duration of lens wear. However, patients with previous myopia control experienced greater myopia progression after wearing DIMS lenses. The study also highlighted the potential for axial length shortening in a small proportion of patients after the DIMS lens wear. These findings underscore the importance of adherence to intervention in achieving optimal treatment efficacy. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to optimize the use of optical interventions in myopia control.
Diagnosis and detection of bone fracture in radiographic images using deep learning approaches
Authors: Aldhyani Theyazn , Ahmed Zeyad A. T. , Alsharbi Bayan M. , Ahmad Sultan , Al-Adhaileh Mosleh Hmoud , Kamal Ahmed Hassan , Almaiah Mohammed , Nazeer Jabeen 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionBones are a fundamental component of human anatomy, enabling movement and support. Bone fractures are prevalent in the human body, and their accurate diagnosis is crucial in medical practice. In response to this challenge, researchers have turned to deep-learning (DL) algorithms. Recent advancements in sophisticated DL methodologies have helped overcome existing issues in fracture detection.MethodsNevertheless, it is essential to develop an automated approach for identifying fractures using the multi-region X-ray dataset from Kaggle, which contains a comprehensive collection of 10,580 radiographic images. This study advocates for the use of DL techniques, including VGG16, ResNet152V2, and DenseNet201, for the detection and diagnosis of bone fractures.ResultsThe experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed approach accurately identifies and classifies various types of fractures. Our system, incorporating DenseNet201 and VGG16, achieved an accuracy rate of 97% during the validation phase. By addressing these challenges, we can further improve DL models for fracture detection. This article tackles the limitations of existing methods for fracture detection and diagnosis and proposes a system that improves accuracy.ConclusionThe findings lay the foundation for future improvements to radiographic systems used in bone fracture diagnosis.
Previous treatment decreases efficacy of pralsetinib in RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Lei , You Yafei , He Wenzhuo , Hou Yu , Li Lan , Wang Li , Jiang Chang , Yi Jiahong , Xia Yaoxiong , Xia Liangping 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPralsetinib is a selective RET inhibitor. The ARROW trial revealed that RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can benefit from pralsetinib with tolerable adverse events (AEs). However, the efficacy and safety of pralsetinib in real world has rarely been reported.Materials and methodsThis study reviewed the efficacy and safety of pralsetinib in RET fusion-positive NSCLC patients between March 2021 and December 2021. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by a Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test. A Cox regression model was performed to identify independent prognostic factors.ResultsA total of 28 patients were enrolled, and the median follow-up time was 18.1 months. The objective response rate and disease control rate of the whole cohort were 57.2% and 71.4%, respectively, and the median PFS and OS were 8.1 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1–13.2] and 13.8 months (95% CI, 2.8–24.8), respectively. Baseline characteristics of the treatment naive group and pre-treated group were listed. The median PFS tended to be better in treatment naive group (18.3 vs. 8.0 months, P = 0.067), while the median OS were similar between the two groups (28.4 vs. 11.6 months, P = 0.308). Patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) score of 2 had worse median PFS comparing with those with ECOG PS score of 0–1 (3.8 vs. 12.6 months, P = 0.004). Besides, patients previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) also revealed worse median PFS comparing with those without previous PBC (8.0 vs. 18.6 months, P = 0.023). Furthermore, patients previously treated with anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody or multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) showed worse median OS compared with those without previous anti-PD-1 antibody (5.0 vs. 22.0 months, P = 0.002) or MKIs (6.2 vs. 28.4 months, P = 0.015). The most common AEs was increased aspartate aminotransferase (39.3%).ConclusionPralsetinib was effective in RET fusion-positive NSCLC with tolerable AEs in real-world practice. Efficacy of pralsetinib was decreased in patients previously treated with PBC, immunotherapy, or MKIs.
Association of interictal epileptiform discharges and serum concentration of levetiracetam and lamotrigine
Authors: Lang Johannes D. , Willno Alexander , Reindl Caroline , Welte Tamara , Stritzelberger Jenny , Gollwitzer Stephanie , Walther Katrin , Hamer Hajo 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundInterictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are an electrographic biomarker of epilepsy. Despite their crucial role in diagnosing epilepsy, heterogeneous findings exist on the mechanisms underlying their occurrence and the effects of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) on IEDs.MethodsWe conducted a study to investigate the association between IED frequency and the serum concentration of two commonly used ASMs, levetiracetam (LEV) and lamotrigine (LTG). We included 56 patients undergoing a continuous video EEG monitoring in our center with tapering of ASM. IED frequency was analyzed using automated and semiautomated methods and serum samples were collected sequentially throughout the stay.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 41 patients (23 female, 18 male), between 19 and 64 years (mean 37.42 years), most of which were diagnosed with focal epilepsy (93%). IED frequency increased after ASM reduction revealing a negative correlation similarly with LEV and LTG serum concentrations (p = 0.0057 and p = 0.0426, respectively).DiscussionNotably, we observed a significant increase in IED frequency following dose reduction or discontinuation of both medications. This effect was reversed after ASM were re-dosed. This may indicate the suppressive properties of LEV and LTG against epileptic seizures. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of ASM discontinuation, which may be required for capturing IEDs during diagnostic continuous EEG monitoring, and not be fully explained by circadian or ultradian rhythms alone.ConclusionOur findings contribute to the understanding of ASM effects on IED frequency dynamics and suggest seizure suppressive properties of LEV and LTG.
Stem cell-derived exosome treatment for acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on preclinical evidence
Authors: Mou Chunlin , Xia Ziyao , Wang Xiujuan , Dai Xunan , Wang Jiaxian , Zhang Chun , Xu Yongsheng 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe study aims were to systematically review and analyze preclinical research on the efficacy of exosomes derived from various mesenchymal stem cell sources (MSC-exos) for the treatment of spinal cord contusion injury (SCI) in small animal models.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar databases from their inception through February 29, 2024, to identify eligible English-language studies based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two independent investigators performed literature screening, data extraction and bias assessment.ResultsA total of 235 rats were used to assess locomotor recovery at the initial assessment, and exhibited significant improvement in hind limb movement in those treated with exosomes, as indicated by a statistically significant increase in Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores (MD: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14–1.38, p &lt; 0.01) compared to the controls. This trend persisted in final assessment data across 21 studies, with pooled analysis confirming similar results (MD: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.43–1.68, p &lt; 0.01). Funnel plot analysis indicated asymmetry in the pooled BBB scores at both baseline and endpoint assessments, suggesting potential publication bias. Exosomes were derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord or human placental MSCs. Meta-analysis results showed no statistically significant differences in therapeutic efficacy among these MSC-exos sources at various treatment time points.ConclusionMSC-exos demonstrated considerable promise in improving motor function in SCI-affected rats, with bone marrow MSC-derived exosomes having particularly notable effectiveness.
Evaluation of Siemens Healthineers’ StrokeSegApp for automated diffusion and perfusion lesion segmentation in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Teichmann Lynnet-Samuel J. , Khalil Ahmed A. , Villringer Kersten , Fiebach Jochen B. , Huwer Stefan , Gibson Eli , Galinovic Ivana 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the perfomance of Siemens Healthineers’ StrokeSegApp performance in automatically segmenting diffusion and perfusion lesions in patients with acute ischemic stroke and to assess its clinical utility in guiding mechanical thrombectomy decisions.MethodsThis retrospective study used MRI data of acute ischemic stroke patients from the prospective observational single-center 1000Plus study, acquired between September 2008 and June 2013 (clinicaltrials.org; NCT00715533) and manually segmented by radiologists as the ground truth. The performance of the StrokeSegApp was compared against this ground truth using the dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Bland–Altman plots. The study also evaluated the application’s ability to recommend mechanical thrombectomy based on DEFUSE 2 and 3 trial criteria.ResultsThe StrokeSegApp demonstrated a mean DSC of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.57–0.63; n = 241) for diffusion deficit segmentation and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76–0.85; n = 56) for perfusion deficit segmentation. The mean volume deviation was 0.49 mL for diffusion lesions and −7.69 mL for perfusion lesions. Out of 56 subjects meeting DEFUSE 2/3 criteria in the cohort, it correctly identified mechanical thrombectomy candidates with a sensitivity of 82.1% (95% CI: 63.1–93.9%) and a specificity of 96.4% (95% CI: 81.7–99.9%).ConclusionThe Siemens Healthineers’ StrokeSegApp provides accurate automated segmentation of ischemic stroke lesions, comparable to human experts as well as similar commercial software, and shows potential as a reliable tool in clinical decision-making for stroke treatment.
Risk factors for perioperative cerebral infarction in moyamoya disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Jincan , Li Shiju , Liang Ruixin , Wang Yanxu , Shi Fangyuan , Pan Xiaoming , Chen Xinyi 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe present study explored the risk factors for cerebral infarction perioperative moyamoya disease by meta-analysis.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of science databases were searched for case–control/cohort studies on risk factors for the emergence of cerebral infarction perioperative moyamoya disease, the search was done from the database creation to June 1, 2024, and the data was analyzed by using stata15.0.ResultTen retrospective cohort studies (N = 3,239) were included. Meta-analysis results suggested posterior cerebral artery involvement [OR = 2.62, 95%CI (1.36, 5.06)], preoperative magnetic resonance angiography [OR = 2.81, 95%CI (1.27, 6.22)], previous infarction [OR = 2.52, 95% CI (1.69, 3.75)] were risk factor for the development of cerebral infarction perioperative moyamoya disease.ConclusionThis study proves that posterior cerebral artery involvement and grade of preoperative magnetic resonance angiography is higher, and the previous infarction happened moyamoya disease a risk factor for cerebral infarction. Therefore, people with these risk factors should be intervened in advance to prevent the occurrence of perioperative cerebral infarction.
Exploring the acceptance of mozzarella cheese in school lunches among school-aged children: a pilot study
Authors: Lin Xiaofang , Zhang Qin , Wu Qiong , Huo Wenxuan , Zhang Xiaoying , Geng Shanshan , Lv Yizhou , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Yilun , Dong Linjing , Leng Xue , Lin Zhenghao , Szeto Ignatius Man-Yau , Wang Zhixu 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDairy products are an important source of high-quality protein, calcium, vitamin A, and other nutrients, and they are a crucial part of a balanced diet for children. However, the daily intake of dairy products among school-age children in China is significantly inadequate. Considering school lunches as a vital pathway for children to obtain nutrients, this study aims to develop school lunch dishes incorporating mozzarella cheese and to assess the acceptance of these dishes among school-age children.MethodsThis study was carried out in a primary school which has a self-run canteen in Nanjing. We innovatively integrated cheese with traditional Chinese food, and conducted a 3-month pilot study to develop dishes that meet the nutritional needs and sensory experience of students. 121 students with an average age of 9.8 years were invited to assess each dishes’ appearance, aroma, taste and overall liking, by using a 5-point Likert Scale. Focus group discussions were conducted after the project to further discover students’ attitude toward cheese dishes and canteen cooks’ experience in improving cheese dishes.ResultsDuring the program, 16 cheese dishes were made, including 3 steamed dishes, 2 ready-to-eat foods (only heating required), and 11 stir-fried dishes. The overall liking’ results showed that ready-to-eat foods were the most popular among students, and steamed dishes ranked higher than stir-fried dishes (P &lt; 0.001). Among the stir-fried dishes, students’ liking scores differed for cheese dishes made from different raw materials, pure meat food was more popular than vegetable food (P = 0.003), meat and vegetable food (P = 0.012). Additionally, focus group discussions found that students gave more positive ratings to and ready-to-eat foods and steamed dishes.ConclusionCheese can be well combined with traditional Chinese ingredients and be accepted, especially steamed or combined with meat. Introducing cheese in school lunches not only helps cultivate a habit of consuming cheese among children and adolescents from a young age, but also aids in closing the gap between their dairy consumption and dietary guidelines.
Research progress and perspectives on the application of tyramide signal amplification-based multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence: a bibliometrics analysis
Authors: Yu Xiaotong , Huang Chen , Song Yan , Zhang Chun , You Debo , Dong XuRan , Wu DeFu , Meeker Alan Keith , Feng Hao , Wang Yuqing 
Published: January 2025

Background and aimsMultiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (mIHC/IF), which uses the tyramide signal amplification (TSA) technique, enables sequential staining of multiple targets in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples without worrying about cross-reactivity. This approach has received considerable attention from researchers over the past decades. This article aims to provide a bibliometric analysis of the research progress and perspectives on the application of TSA-based mIHC/IF.MethodsWe collected all the TSA-based mIHC/IF documents published between 2007 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix R Package were used to perform the bibliometrics analysis, including details about annual publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and research topics and hotspots.ResultsA total of 873 relevant publications (811 articles and 62 reviews) with a time span of 17 years (2007-2023) were obtained. The number of annual publications started to increase rapidly since 2016. The United States (307, 35.17%) and the People’s Republic of China (297, 34.02%) are the top two listed countries for both the number of articles produced and the citations. The University of Texas System (53, 6.07%) was the most productive institution. Integrating these results of hotspot and frontier analysis, TSA-based mIHC/IF provides significant benefits, particularly in neurology, cancer and immunology.ConclusionThis study conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis for the use of TSA-based mIHC/IF. As TSA-based mIHC/IF and its associated imaging systems and analytic software progress, it will become the most promising tool for describing the variety of the whole tissue for a better understanding of pathological or physiological behavior.
Immunolipid magnetic bead-based circulating tumor cell sorting: a novel approach for pathological staging of colorectal cancer
Authors: Deng Qingyan , Li Weidong , Huang Yueming , Wang Haitao , Zhou Xinhao , Guan Zhifen , Cheng Bohao , Wang Yao 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess whether circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from colorectal cancer (CRC) could be used as an alternative to tissue samples for genetic mutation testing, overcoming the challenge of difficult tumor tissue acquisition.MethodsWe developed an immunolipid magnetic bead (IMB) system modified with antibodies against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and vimentin to efficiently separate CTCs. We prepared EpCAM-modified IMBs (Ep-IMBs) and vimentin-modified IMBs (Vi-IMBs). The separation efficiency of the system was evaluated via in vitro experiments and by capturing and counting CTCs in blood samples from 23 CRC patients and 20 healthy controls. Hotspot mutations in patient tissue samples were identified via next-generation sequencing (NGS), whereas mutations in blood CTCs were detected via Sanger sequencing. The concordance between hotspot mutations in tumor tissue and blood CTCs was analyzed.ResultsThe CTC sorting system exhibited good dispersion, stability, and low cytotoxicity, with a specificity of 90.54% and a sensitivity of 89.07%. CRC patients had an average of 8.39 CTCs per 7.5 mL of blood, whereas healthy controls had 0.09 per 7.5 mL of blood. The consistency of gene mutations was as follows: TP53 (91.31%), PIK3CA (76.00%), KRAS (85.36%), BRAF (51.00%), APC (65.67%), and EGFR (74.00%), with an overall gene mutation consistency of 85.06%.ConclusionOur CTC sorting system, which is based on Ep-IMBs and Vi-IMBs, effectively captures CTCs in the peripheral blood of CRC patients and enables clinical hotspot gene mutation testing via these enriched CTCs. This system partially solves the problem of difficult tumor tissue sample collection and provides a reference for gene mutation testing in early diagnosis, therapeutic efficacy evaluation, prognosis assessment, and minimal metastasis detection in CRC patients, showing significant potential for clinical application, especially in targeted therapy gene testing for CRC.