bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue‐specific early and late activated lymphocytes immunophenotype in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: López‐Enríquez Soledad , Porras‐González Cristina , Moreno‐Luna Ramón , Palomares Francisca , Muñoz‐Bravo José Luis , Alba Gonzalo , Santa‐María Consuelo , Maza‐Solano Juan , Martín‐Jiménez Daniel Iván , Pérez‐Pérez Antonio , Moreno‐Luna Rafael , Sánchez‐Margalet Víctor , Sánchez‐Gómez Serafín 
Published: January 2024

Key points
T‐cell activation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is enriched by late cytotoxic T cells.
The proportion of early and intermediate activated cytotoxic T cells decreases in nasal polyps of patients with CRSwNP.
Our results identify late activated cytotoxic T cells as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for patients with CRSwNP.
Down Syndrome Biobank Consortium: A perspective
Authors: Aldecoa Iban , Barroeta Isabel , Carroll Steven L. , Fortea Juan , Gilmore Anah , Ginsberg Stephen D. , Guzman Samuel J. , Hamlett Eric D. , Head Elizabeth , Perez Sylvia E. , Potter Huntington , Molina‐Porcel Laura , Raha‐Chowdhury Ruma , Wisniewski Thomas , Yong William H. , Zaman Shahid , Ghosh Sujay , Mufson Elliott J. , Granholm Ann‐Charlotte 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndividuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a partial or complete trisomy of chromosome 21, resulting in an increased risk for early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐type dementia by early midlife. Despite ongoing clinical trials to treat late‐onset AD, individuals with DS are often excluded. Furthermore, timely diagnosis or management is often not available. Of the genetic causes of AD, people with DS represent the largest cohort. Currently, there is a knowledge gap regarding the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of DS‐related AD (DS‐AD), partly due to limited access to well‐characterized brain tissue and biomaterials for research. To address this challenge, we created an international consortium of brain banks focused on collecting and disseminating brain tissue from persons with DS throughout their lifespan, named the Down Syndrome Biobank Consortium (DSBC) consisting of 11 biobanking sites located in Europe, India, and the USA. This perspective describes the DSBC harmonized protocols and tissue dissemination goals.
Fundamentals of Unanticipated Efficiency of Gd2O3‐based Catalysts in Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Wu Kai , Zanina Anna , Kondratenko Vita A. , Xu Lin , Li Jianshu , Chen Juan , Lund Henrik , Bartling Stephan , Li Yuming , Jiang Guiyuan , Kondratenko Evgenii V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractImproving the selectivity in the oxidative coupling of methane to ethane/ethylene poses a significant challenge for commercialization. The required improvements are hampered by the uncertainties associated with the reaction mechanism due to its complexity. Herein, we report about 90 % selectivity to the target products at 11 % methane conversion over Gd2O3‐based catalysts at 700 °C using N2O as the oxidant. Sophisticated kinetic studies have suggested the nature of adsorbed oxygen species and their binding strength as key parameters for undesired methane oxidation to carbon oxides. These descriptors can be controlled by a metal oxide promoter for Gd2O3.
Establishment of diabetes mellitus model using Bombyx mori silkworms in a low‐temperature environment
Authors: Hou Jiaming , Tan Cheng , Chen Nan , Zhou Yuan , Huang Shaojun , Chen Huani , Qian Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, researchers have conducted numerous experimental animal studies. However, the mammalian diabetes model is cumbersome and expensive to operate, while the cheap and simple common silkworm diabetes model has the disadvantage of a short cycle time. Since the growth of silkworms is greatly affected by environmental factors, we extended the five‐age cycle of silkworms by lowering the ambient temperature to establish a novel low‐temperature silkworm diabetes model. Our goal was to determine whether the low‐temperature feeding of a high‐sugar diet to silkworms could serve as an effective animal model for diabetes. Also, we aimed to resolve certain issues concerning the normal temperature silkworm diabetes model, such as the short time frame for experiments and erratic fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Silkworms weighing between 0.9 and 1.0 g at the beginning of the fifth instar were selected, and we created diabetic silkworms by feeding mulberry leaves containing 4% glucose daily in a 16–20°C environment. When the silkworms were kept at a cooler temperature, the fifth instar stage lasted for an additional 9–11 days. In the model group, 83.3% of the silkworms had blood glucose levels greater than 7.8 mmol/L, while the total prevalence of diabetic silkworms was 89.8%. Moreover, JNK phosphorylation expression rose in the model group, while PI3K expression fell. Additionally, the JNK and PI3K signaling pathway expressions matched diabetic signals. Therefore, using silkworms to create a diabetes model in a cool environment is a straightforward and cost‐effective approach to studying diabetes in animals.
Singularity attenuation with quantum‐mechanically revisited metric tensor
Authors: Tawfik Abdel Nasser , Dabash Tahia F. , Elshehri Azzah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe space and initial singularities are reexamined in the most reliable solutions to the Einstein's field equations (EFE), that is, the Einstein–Gilbert–Straus (EGS) metric. In discretized Finsler geometry, additional curvatures and thereby geometric structures likely emerge, which are distinct from the conventional spacetime curvatures and geometric structures that the Einstein's theory of general relativity introduced. The generalized fundamental tensor, which is obtained in the Fisleriean geometry, imposes quantum‐mechanically revisions on the Landau–Raychaudhuri evolution equations. The time‐like geodesic congruence in EGS metric is then analyzed, analytically and numerically. The evolution of a family of trajectories whose congruence is defined by the flow lines generated by velocity fields is determined. We conclude that both two types of singularities seem to be attenuated or even regulate. With the singularity attenuation, we refer to the fundamental nature of the additional curvatures at quantum relativistic scales.
Evaluation of Biological Potency of two Endemic Species Integrated with in vitro and in silico Approches: LC–MS/MS Analysis of the Plants
Authors: Kısa Dursun , Baş Topcu Kübra Sena , Tunçkol Bilge , Genç Nusret , Imamoğlu Rizvan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present study, the main phytochemical components of endemic plant extracts and inhibitory potency were screened related to different biological activities. Seven compounds were quantified, and cyanidin‐3‐o‐glucoside was the dominant secondary metabolite in the extract of plants. The extract from P. asiae‐minoris (PAM) exhibited the best enzyme inhibitory activity against BChE (1.73±0.23 μg mL−1), tyrosinase (2.47±0.28 μg mL−1), α‐glucosidase (5.28±0.66 μg mL−1), AChE (8.66±0.86 μg mL−1), and ACE (19.27±1.02 μg mL−1). In vitro antioxidant assay, PAM extract possessed the highest activity in respect of DPPH radical scavenging (24.29±0.23 μg/mL), ABTS⋅+ scavenging (13.50±0.27 μg/mL) and FRAP reducing power (1.56±0.01 μmol TE/g extract). MIC values ranged from 1–8 mg/mL for antibacterial ability, and the PAM extract showed a stronger effect for B. subtilis, E. faecalis, and E. coli at 1 mg/mL. The antiproliferative ability of A. bartinense (AB) extract demonstrated a suppressive effect (IC50: 70.26 μg/mL) for pancreatic cancer cell lines. According to the affinity scores analysis, the cyanidin‐3‐o‐glucoside demonstrated the lowest docking scores against ACE, AChE, BChE, and collagenase. It was found that the PAM extract exhibited better inhibitory capabilities than A. bartinense. The P. asiae‐minoris plant, reported to be in the Critically Endangered (CR) category, should be conserved by culturing, considering its biological abilities.
High Selectivity of A Novel Pillar[5]arene with Ester Units as a Gas Chromatographic Stationary Phase toward Aromatic Isomers
Authors: Li Wen , Ba Mengyi , Song Yanli , Zhang Yuanyuan , Xu Xiang , Liu Haixin , Li Leyao , Liu Xinyi , Cai Zhiqiang , Sun Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis work reports the first example of employing ester‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (P5A‐C10‐OAc) stationary phase for gas chromatography (GC) separations. The as‐fabricated P5A‐C10‐OAc column achieved improved column efficiency of 4270 plates/m and separation performance in contrast to the P5‐C10‐Br column. The P5A‐C10‐OAc column showed good separation performance for a wide range of analytes such as alkanes, bromoalkanes, ketones, fatty acid methyl esters, aldehydes, alcohols, halobenzenes, anilines, phenols, naphthalenes, and showed sharp and symmetrical peak shapes for analytes that are liable to peak‐tailing in GC analysis. As testified by the challenging isomer mixtures (bromonitrobenzene, chloronitrobenzene, bromobenzaldehyde, chlorobenzaldehyde, nitrobenzaldehyde), the P5A‐C10‐OAc column exhibited comprehensively higher separation capability than the P5A‐C10‐Br, P5A‐C10 and commercial HP‐35 columns. This work demonstrates the great potential of pillararene‐based stationary phases as a new type of stationary phases for GC separations.
Exploring In‐Silico, In‐Vitro Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Potential of Valerian wallichii by On Cervical Epithelial Carcinoma (HeLa) Cell Lines
Authors: Gudasi Sachin , Gharge Shankar , Koli Rahul , Kagawad Pooja 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditional medicinal practices often utilize herbal remedies for treating various diseases. This study focuses on exploring the phytochemical constituents, in‐silico, in‐vitro antioxidant, and anticancer activities of Valerian wallichii root extracts on human cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. The molecular docking approach was employed to predict the ligand molecule‘s orientation within the receptor like Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain (PDB ID: 1M17) using Schrodinger's GLIDE model. Among the selected phytocompounds, hesperidin exhibited promising inhibitory activity against EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) domain with −8.701 kcal/mol docking score and interactions with MET 769, ASP 831, ASP776, LEU694 and ASN818 residues as compared to standard doxorubicin with −7.6 kcal/mol docking score and interactions with ASP 831, ASN818 and ASP776 residues and further, various antioxidant activity was assessed and In‐vitro anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was evaluated by hydroalcoholic root extracts demonstrated antioxidant capacities, and selective cytotoxicity was observed, with IC50: 45.759±0.42 μg/mL for the overall extract and IC50: 30.245±0.58 μg/mL for the EAF fraction as compared to standard doxorubicin with IC50: 25.9891±0.25 μg/mL, respectively. The present study concluded that Valerian wallichii L possesses potential human cervical epithelial carcinoma cell line inhibition properties based on the computer aided drug design models and in‐vitro activity.
Electrochemical Cascade Cyclization of N‐Centered Radicals with Electro‐Deficient Alkynes
Authors: Qian Wei‐Feng , Ouyang Yan‐Yan , Zhu Cuiju , Xu Hao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIndoline‐fused polycyclic scaffolds are virtually universal in biological and pharmaceutical. Here we demonstrate a facile electrooxidative cascade cyclization for indoline‐based derivatives, employing amidyl radicals with ynones under mild conditions. The efficient method enables the formation of two new C−N and C−C bonds in a single step with high regioselectivity. Various indoline‐based tetracyclic 6/5/6/6 skeletons can be achieved through a biscyclization/dehydrogenation cascade process. Additionally, this electrochemical strategy proceeds in a sustainable metal‐ and oxidant‐free condition, with H2 being the solely byproduct.
Synthesis of 1,1′‐Bicarbazoles by Sequential Iron(III)‐ and Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reactions**
Authors: Thoran Robert , Puls Florian , Knölker Hans‐Joachim 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe iron(III)‐catalyzed oxidative coupling of diarylamines to 2,2′‐bis(arylamino)‐1,1′‐biaryls and subsequent twofold palladium(II)‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization provide a convergent synthetic route to 1,1′‐bicarbazoles. Screening a range of different palladium(II) salts led to palladium(II) acetate, pivalate, and hexafluoroacetylacetonate as the most efficient catalysts. Remarkably, the twofold palladium(II)‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization can also be performed under argon. The mechanism for the oxidative cyclization under an inert gas presumably involves regeneration of the catalytically active palladium(II) species by oxidative addition of pivalic acid.
Catalytic Oxidation of Methanol to Formaldehyde Catalyzed by Iron Complex with N3S3‐type Tripodal Ligand
Authors: Kubo Masaki , Nakane Daisuke , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Ozawa Tomohiro , Inomata Tomohiko , Masuda Hideki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA Fe3+ complex with N3S3‐type tripod ligand, 1, reacts with O2 in CH3OH to generate formaldehyde, which has been studied structurally, spectroscopically, and electrochemically. Complex 1 crystallizes as an octahedral structure with crystallographic C3 symmetry around the metal, with Fe‐N=2.2917(17) Å and Fe‐S=2.3574(6) Å. UV‐vis spectrum of 1 in CH3OH under Ar shows an intense band at 572 nm (ϵ 4,100 M−1cm−1), which shifts to 590 nm (ϵ 2,860 M−1cm−1) by the addition of O2, and a new peak appeared at 781 nm (ϵ 790 M−1cm−1). Such a spectral change is not observed in CH2Cl2. Cyclic voltammogram (CV) of 1 in CH2Cl2 under Ar gives reversible redox waves assigned to Fe2+/Fe3+ and Fe3+/Fe4+ couples at −1.60 V (ΔE=69 mV) and −0.53 V (ΔE=71 mV) vs Fc/Fc+, respectively. In contrast, in CH3OH, the reversible redox waves, albeit accompanied by a positive shift of the Fe2+/Fe3+ couple, are observed at −1.20 V (ΔE=85 mV) and −0.53 V (ΔE=64 mV) vs Fc/Fc+ under Ar. Interestingly, a catalytic current was observed for the CV of 1 in CH3OH in the presence of CH3ONa under Ar, when the sweep rate was slowed down.
Mimicking the Shape and Function of the ClC Chloride Channel Selective Pore by Combining a Molecular Hourglass Shape with Anion–π Interactions
Authors: Huang Wen‐Long , Wang Xu‐Dong , Ao Yu‐Fei , Wang Qi‐Qiang , Wang De‐Xian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClC is the main family of natural chloride channel proteins that transport Cl− across the cell membrane with high selectivity. The chloride transport and selectivity are determined by the hourglass‐shaped pore and the filter located in the central and narrow region of the pore. Artificial unimolecular channel that mimics both the shape and function of the ClC selective pore is attractive, because it could provide simple molecular model to probe the intriguing mechanism and structure‐function relevance of ClC. Here we elaborated upon the concept of molecular hourglass plus anion–π interactions for this purpose. The concept was validated by experimental results of molecular hourglasses using shape‐persistent 1,3‐alternate tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]triazine as the central macrocyclic skeleton to control the conductance and selectivity, and anion–π interactions as the driving force to facilitate the chloride dehydration and movement along the channel.
C−F Bond Insertion: An Emerging Strategy for Constructing Fluorinated Molecules
Authors: Garg Arushi , Haswell Alex , Hopkinson Matthew N. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractC−F Insertion reactions, where an organic fragment formally inserts into a carbon–fluorine bond in a substrate, are highly attractive, yet largely unexplored, methods to prepare valuable fluorinated molecules. The inherent strength of C−F bonds and the resulting need for a large thermodynamic driving force to initiate C−F cleavage often leads to sequestering of the released fluoride in an unreactive by‐product. Recently, however, several groups have succeeded in overcoming this challenge, opening up the study of C−F insertion as an efficient and highly atom‐economical approach to prepare fluorinated compounds. In this article, the recent breakthroughs are discussed focusing on the key conceptual advances that allowed for both C−F bond cleavage and subsequent incorporation of the released fluoride into the product.
Microfluidic study of surfactant flooding of heavy oil in layered porous media containing fractures
Authors: Arabloo Milad , Ghazanfari Mohammad H. , Rashtchian Davood 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSurfactant injection is a promising method for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to its effective micro‐displacement mechanisms. However, understanding the interaction of a surfactant solution with heavy oil in porous media is neither straightforward nor well understood, particularly in heterogeneous systems. By enabling in‐situ real‐time monitoring of flow transport, microfluidic studies have provided novel insights into the underlying multiphase physics of flow at the pore scale. This paper examines the two‐phase displacement efficiency of a new surfactant in layered–fractured porous microfluidic patterns, a topic seldom discussed in the literature. To evaluate the performance of the proposed surfactant, we considered several heterogeneous media with varying layer and fracture geometrical characteristics, quantifying displacement efficiency for each case. Based on the analysis of pore‐scale snapshots, it was inferred that the primary mechanisms responsible for EOR during surfactant flooding into heavy oil include pore wall transportation, emulsifications, the deformation of residual oil, inter‐pore or intra‐pore bridging, and wettability alteration. Macroscopic displacement experiments revealed that the width of the swept area from surfactant injection significantly exceeded that of water injection, resulting in a substantially higher oil recovery. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the direction of fluid flow in relation to fracture orientation plays a critical role in the dynamics of surfactant solution movement and, consequently, the ultimate oil production.
Antibody–drug conjugates transform the outcome of individuals with low‐HER2‐expression advanced breast cancer
Authors: Qu Fei , Lu Rongrong , Liu Qian , Wu Xuefang , Huang Xiang , Yin Yongmei , Li Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAntibody–drug conjugates (ADCs)—a groundbreaking class of agents for targeted oncological therapies—consist of monoclonal antibodies with strong antigenic specificity coupled with highly active cytotoxic agents (also referred to as “payloads”). Over the past 2 decades, breast cancer research has evolved into a focal point for the research and development of ADCs, leading to several recent landmark publications. These advancements are ushering in a transformative era in breast cancer treatment and redefining conventional classifications by introducing a prospective subtype termed “HER2‐low.” The latest iterations of ADCs have demonstrated enhanced efficacy in disease management through the optimization of various factors, notably the incorporation of the bystander effect. These conjugates are no longer limited to the oncogenic driver human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Other antigens, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3), trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop‐2), zinc transporter ZIP6 (LIV‐1), and folate receptor α (FRα), have recently emerged as intriguing tumor cell surface nondriver gene targets for ADCs, each with one or more specific ADCs that showed encouraging results in the breast cancer field. This article reviews recent advances in the application of ADCs in the treatment of HER2‐low breast cancer. Additionally, this review explores the underlying factors contributing to the impact of target selection on ADC efficacy to provide new insights for optimizing the clinical application of ADCs in individuals with low HER2 expression in advanced breast cancer.
Construction of hierarchical NiCo2S4/2D‐Carbyne nanohybrid onto nickel foam for high performance supercapacitor and non‐enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor applications
Authors: Dhandapani Preethi , Subbiah Petchimuthuraju Arunachala Kumar , Prasad Rajendra Saradh , AlSalhi Mohamad S , Angaiah Subramania 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSynthesising and designing pseudocapacitive material with good electrochemical and electrocatalytic behaviour is essential to use as supercapacitor as well as non‐enzymatic glucose sensor electrode. In this work, NiCo2S4 nanoparticles decorated onto the 2D‐Carbyne nanosheets are achieved by the solvothermal process. The as‐prepared NiCo2S4@2D‐Carbyne provides rich reaction sites and better diffusion pathways. On usage as an electrode for supercapacitor application, the NiCo2S4@2D‐Carbyne exhibits the specific capacitance of about 2507 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. In addition, the fabricated hybrid device generates an energy density of 52.2 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.01 kW kg−1. Besides, the glucose oxidation behaviour of NiCo2S4@2D‐Carbyne modified GCE has also been performed. The diffusion of glucose from the electrolyte to the electrode obeys the kinetic control process. Furthermore, the fabricated NiCo2S4@2D‐Carbyne non‐enzymatic glucose sensor exhibits a limit of detection of about 34.5 μM with a sensitivity of about 135 μA mM−1 cm−2. These findings highlight the need to design and synthesis electrode materials with adequate electrolyte‐electrode contact, strong structural integrity, and rapid ion/electron transport.
Spin Polarization of 2D Weyl Semimetal Fe2Sn Enabling High Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity
Authors: Liu Dong‐Xue , Hong Hong , Cao Qingqi , Wang DunHui , Du Youwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is well known that magnetic field is one of the effective tools to improve the activity of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but considering the inconvenient application of an external magnetic field, it is essential to find a ferromagnetic material with high HER activity itself. Fortunately, recent study has shown that the two‐dimmention (2D) Fe2Sn monolayer is a stable ferromagnetic topological Weyl semimetal material with high Tc of 433 K. Here, we report the Fe2Sn monolayer can be used as an alternative HER catalyst compared with expensive platinum (Pt). Our first‐principles results show that the Gibbs free energy (ΔGH*) value of the spin polarized Fe2Sn monolayer is −0.06 eV, much better than that without considering spin polarization (−1.23 eV). Moreover, the kinetic analysis demonstrates that the HER occurs on the Fe2Sn monolayer according to the Volmer‐Tafel mechanism with low energy barriers. Hence, our findings provide obvious evidence for spin‐polarization‐improved HER activity, paving a new way to design high‐performance HER catalysts.