bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-ray continuum spectroscopy of inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility
Authors: Stoupin S. , MacPhee A. G. , Kozioziemski B. , MacDonald M. J. , Ose N. , Heinmiller J. M. , Izumi N. , Rusby D. , Springer P. T. , Schneider M. B. 
Published: November 2023

A methodology for measuring x-ray continuum spectra of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions is described. The method relies on the use of ConSpec, a high-throughput spectrometer using a highly annealed pyrolytic graphite crystal [MacDonald et al., J. Instrum. 14, P12009 (2019)], which measures the spectra in the ≃20–30 keV range. Due to its conical shape, the crystal is sagittally focusing a Bragg-reflected x-ray spectrum into a line, which enhances the recorded x-ray emission signal above the high neutron-induced background accompanying ICF implosions at the National Ignition Facility. To improve the overall measurement accuracy, the sensitivity of the spectrometer measured in an off-line x-ray laboratory setting was revised. The error analysis was expanded to include the accuracy of the off-line measurements, the effect of the neutron-induced background, as well as the influence of possible errors in alignment of the instrument to the ICF target. We demonstrate how the improved methodology is applied in the analysis of ConSpec data with examples of a relatively low-neutron-yield implosion using a tritium–hydrogen–deuterium mix as a fuel and a high-yield deuterium–tritium (DT) implosion producing high level of the background. In both cases, the shape of the measured spectrum agrees with the exponentially decaying spectral shape of bremsstrahlung emission to within ±10%. In the case of the high-yield DT experiment, non-monotonic deviations slightly exceeding the measurement uncertainties are observed and discussed.
Chemerin affects the expression of angiogenesis-related factors in the porcine endometrium during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle: an in vitro study
Authors: Kiezun Marta , Dobrzyn Kamil , Kiezun Jacek , Kaminski Tadeusz , Smolinska Nina 
Published: November 2023

Context The appropriate course of angiogenesis in the endometrium is crucial for pregnancy establishment and maintenance. Very little is known about the factors linking vessel formation and immune system functioning. Aims We hypothesised that chemerin, an adipokine known for its involvement in the regulation of energy balance and immunological functions, may act as a potent regulator of endometrial angiogenesis during early pregnancy in pigs. Methods Porcine endometrial tissue explants were obtained from pregnant pigs on days 10–11, 12–13, 15–16 and 27–28, and on days 10–12 of the oestrous cycle. The explants were in vitro cultured for 24 h in the presence of chemerin (100, 200 ng/mL) or in medium alone (control). We evaluated the in vitro effect of chemerin on the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factors A–D (VEGF-A–D), placental growth factor (PlGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and angiopoietin 1 and 2 (ANG-1, ANG-2) with the ELISA method. The protein abundance of angiogenesis-related factor receptors, VEGF receptors 1–3 (VEGFR1–3), FGF receptors 1 and 2 (FGFR1–2) and ANG receptor (TIE2) was evaluated with the Western blot (WB) method. We also analysed the influence of chemerin on the phosphorylation of AMPK using WB. Key results We found that in the studied endometrial samples, chemerin up-regulated the secretion of VEGF-A, VEGF-B and PlGF, and protein expression of VEGFR3. The adipokine caused a decrease in VEGF-C, VEGF-D and ANG-1 release. Chemerin effect on bFGF and ANG-2 secretion, and protein content of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, FGFR1, FGFR2 and TIE2 were dependent on the stage of pregnancy. Chemerin was found to down-regulate AMPK phosphorylation. Conclusions The obtained in vitro results suggest that chemerin could be an important factor in the early pregnant uterus by its influence on angiogenic factors’ secretion and signalling. Implications The obtained results on the role of chemerin in the process of endometrial angiogenesis may, in the long term perspective, contribute to the elaboration of more effective methods of modifying reproductive processes and maintaining energy homeostasis in farm animals.
Agricultural impacts of climate change in India and potential adaptations
Authors: Desai Suseelendra , Tirunagaru Krishna Chaitanya , Venkateswara Rao K. , Upasana Rathnakaran , Prasad J.V.N.S. , Nithin K.N. , Didal Vijay Kumar , Misal Nitin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The research and development efforts coupled with suitable policies over decades have resulted in India becoming self-reliant in food grain production. However, the rising incidence of extreme weather events due to climate change and climatic variability over the last few decades could impact the food security of the country. The impact of these events could result in increased frequency of dry spells and floods; multiple stresses in a given season; emergence of new pests/biovars; soil health deterioration; reduced animal and poultry productivity; changes in fish species diversity; and disrupted market services. Efforts at the regional/agro-ecology level to minimize the adverse impacts through adaptation strategies have shown positive results. These efforts included a demonstration of selected technologies, enhancing awareness about impacts to the stakeholders, and operationalization of agricultural contingency plans. New investments and research-extension-policy networks over the last decade by the government of India have shown impressive results with a possibility of developing ‘Climate smart village clusters’. To ensure resilience coupled with sustainable profitability, thrust should be laid to investing on infrastructure for advanced research, packaging of farming system/agro-ecology-specific adaptation strategies, state-of-the-art knowledge management systems, skill development programs and enabling policy framework.
3D refractive index reconstruction from phaseless coherent optical microscopy data using multiple scattering-based inverse solvers—a study
Authors: Qin Yingying , Butola Ankit , Agarwal Krishna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reconstructing 3D refractive index profile of scatterers using optical microscopy measurements presents several challenges over the conventional microwave and RF domain measurement scenario. These include phaseless and polarization-insensitive measurements, small numerical aperture, as well as a Green’s function where spatial frequencies are integrated in a weighted manner such that far-field angular spectrum cannot be probed and high spatial frequencies that permit better resolution are weighed down. As a result of these factors, the non-linearity and the ill-posedness of the inverse problem are quite severe. These limitations have imposed that inverse scattering problems in the microscopy domain largely consider scalar wave approximations and neglect multiple scattering. Here, we present first inverse scattering results for optical microscopy setup where full-wave vectorial formulation and multiple scattering is incorporated. We present (a) how three popular inverse scattering solvers from microwave domain can be adapted for the present inverse problem, (b) the opportunities and challenges presented by each of these solvers, (c) a comparative insight into these solvers and contrast with the simpler Born approximation approach, and (d) potential routes to improve the performance of these solvers for the hard inverse problem of optical microscopy.
An image inpainting algorithm using exemplar matching and low-rank sparse prior
Authors: Peng Qiangwei , Huang Wen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Image inpainting is a challenging problem with a wide range of applications such as object removal and old photo restoration. The methods based on low-rank sparse prior have been used for regular or nearly regular texture inpainting. However, since such inpainting results do not synthesize the original pixels, they are usually not sharp especially when the area to be recovered is large. One remedy is to use an exemplar-based method. However, it often produces false matches and cannot obtain globally consistent inpainting results. In this paper, we give a new model to promote low rankness and sparsity and solve this model with a recently proposed Riemannian optimization algorithm. Furthermore, we propose a novel two-stage algorithm by integrating the low-rank sparse model with an exemplar-based method. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed low-rank sparsity-based method and the two-stage algorithm achieve encouraging results compared to state-of-the-art image completion algorithms.
UV irradiation assisted low-temperature process for thin film transistor performance improvement of praseodymium-doped indium zinc oxide
Authors: Zhang Kangping , Yao Rihui , Fu Xiao , Cai Wei , Li Yilin , Xu Wei , Wu Zhenyu , Luo Cheng , Ning Honglong , Peng Junbiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Flexible displays have developed rapidly in recent years, low-temperature process to produce high performance amorphous oxide semiconductor devices are significant for the wide application of low-cost flexible display. In this work, praseodymium-doped indium zinc oxide semiconductor deposited by vacuum sputtering was irradiated with UV light before low-temperature thermal annealing. The treated semiconductor retains its characteristics of amorphous and high transparency to visible light. The carrier concentration and oxygen-related defects of the PrIZO films were significant changed under the superposition of UV irradiation and thermal annealing, the effects of UV light and thermal annealing can be well superimposed. The PrIZO-TFT that have been thermally annealed at 200 °C for 1 h after irradiated by UV light with power density of 175 mW cm−2 for 1800 s exhibit an optimal performance (μ
sat of 12.34 cm2 V−1·s−1, I
on/I
off of 3.8 × 108, V
th of 0.7 V, SS of 0.15 V/decade) and stability. The device performance broadens the application prospect of AOS TFT in low-cost flexible display.
Analysis of nonlinear poroviscoelastic flows with discontinuous porosities
*
Authors: Bachmayr Markus , Boisserée Simon , Maria Kreusser Lisa 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Existence and uniqueness of solutions is shown for a class of viscoelastic flows in porous media with particular attention to problems with nonsmooth porosities. The considered models are formulated in terms of the time-dependent nonlinear interaction between porosity and effective pressure, which in certain cases leads to porosity waves. In particular, conditions for well-posedness in the presence of initial porosities with jump discontinuities are identified.
Ultrasonic computed tomography-based internal-defect detection and location of underwater concrete piers
Authors: Sun Weihao , Hou Shitong , Fan Jianhua , Wu Gang , Ma Fengbo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Concrete piers are the key load-bearing components of wading bridges. Most detection equipment and methods focus on the surface defects of underwater piers, whereas the detection methods of internal defects are very deficient. This study proposes an ultrasonic computed tomography method combining linear travel time interpolation and simultaneous iterative reconstruction techniques for detecting internal defects in underwater concrete piers. The two-dimensional median filtering and self-organizing feature map are utilized to post-process tomographic images and the confidence approach is employed to detect defects. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated through numerical simulation and underwater experiments, respectively. The Comsol Multiphysics is utilized to simulate the two-dimensional random aggregate model of the concrete and internal defects are added to validate the method’s effectiveness from a mesoscopic perspective. Then actual scale piers containing embedded defects are cast and detected. The results demonstrate that the method can identify and locate internal defects in numerical simulations and practical tests. The numerical simulation experiments results are superior to those of scale concrete specimens. In addition, underwater concrete piers with larger internal defects, square holes, and no steel reinforcements tend to have better detection results.
Comparative investigation of low and high pelletize pressure for (Ag)x/CuTl-1223 nanoparticles-superconductor composites
Authors: Muhammad Yaseen , Rahim M , Mumtaz M , Hussain Nazir , Hussain Bahar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article experimentally investigates the impact of silver (Ag) nano-particles inclusion and high pelletized pressure on the structural, morphological, and electrical properties of Cu0.5Tl0.5Ba2Ca2Cu3O10−δ
(noted CuTl-1223) bulk system. The nano-(Ag)
x
/CuTl-1223 composites were synthesized using a two-step solid-state reaction process with added amount of Ag nano-particles ranging from 0 to 2.0 wt% of the total mass. These nano-composites were produced at both low and high pelletize pressure of 0.202 GPa. All prepared samples were characterized using valuable techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and dc-resistivity measurement at low as well as high pelletized pressure, respectively. The structural investigation via the XRD technique indicated that Ag NPs did not affect the CuTl-1223 tetragonal structure, confirmed that Ag nano-particles were settled across the grain boundaries. SEM examination revealed a fine distribution of nano-sized silver (Ag) NPs among the CuTl-1223 grains, as well as improved weak-links and density of void/pores. The position of distinct vibrational oxygen modes in FTIR spectra showed no substantial alteration, indicating that the structural nature of the host CuTl-1223 phase was preserved. The electrical properties were studied using the four-point probe technique, and the activation energy were determined using Arrhenius law. The results of

ρ
−
T

measurements showed that pelletization pressure of 0.202 GPa have an impact on the critical temperature

T

c

of (Ag)
x
/CuTl-1223 composites. The superconducting critical temperature

T

c

0

was enhanced from 99 K to 107 K at high-pressure of pelletization (0.202 GPa) as compared to low pressure, with

x

= 0 ∼ 2.0 wt

%

nano-particles addition to the host CuTl-1223 phase.
Caputo-fabrizio fractional-order systems: periodic solution and stabilization of non-periodic solution with application to gunn diode oscillator
Authors: Shankar Matap , Bora Swaroop Nandan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Fractional-order autonomous systems do not possess any non-constant periodic solutions, and to the best of our knowledge, there are no existing results regarding the existence of the periodic solution for fractional-order non-autonomous systems. The main objective of this work is to fill the above gap by studying the existence of a periodic solution of the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order system and also to find ways to stabilize a non-periodic solution. First, by using the concepts of an equilibrium point, it is proved that an autonomous Caputo-Fabrizio system cannot admit a non-constant periodic solution. Under a similar assumption as the one for an integer-order differential system, and by using the properties of the Caputo-Fabrizio derivative, the existence of a periodic solution of a non-autonomous Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order differential system is established. The main result is utilized in constructing and finding the periodic solution of the linear non-homogeneous Caputo-Fabrizio system. By using the result on linear systems, we derive a periodic solution of a fractional-order Gunn diode oscillator under a periodic input voltage, and observe that the diameter of the periodic orbit keeps reducing as the fractional-order continuously increases. In the end, by using the result on a linear non-homogeneous system, and by constructing a suitable linear feedback control, the solution of the linear non-homogeneous fractional-order system is stabilized to a periodic solution. An example is presented to support the obtained result. The main advantage of the proposed method over others is the simple considerations like the concept of equilibrium point and the utilization of the property of the Caputo-Fabrizio derivatives instead of other types of fractional derivatives.
Generation of mode-locked thulium doped fluoride fiber laser using graphene-zinc oxide (G-ZnO) coated dual arc-shaped fiber
Authors: Ahmad Harith , Nizamani Bilal , Seiger Lalithambikai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this work, mode-locked laser generation at the S-band region was achieved using a graphene-zinc oxide (G-ZnO) coated dual arc-shaped fiber as a saturable absorber (SA) within a thulium-doped fluoride fiber (TDFF) ring cavity. Two-step polishing was implemented to fabricate a dual arc-shaped fiber, and a G-ZnO solution was then deposited on the dual arc region via the drop-casting method to form the SA. Mode-locked pulses were generated by incorporating the G-ZnO-based SA into the TDFF ring cavity, with the pulses having a central wavelength, 3 dB bandwidth and pulse duration of 1503.4 nm, 0.68 nm and 3.52 ps, respectively. At the maximum pump power of 202 mW, an average output power of 2.47 mW was obtained with a maximum pulse energy of 6.16 nJ and a peak power of 1.75 kW. At this pump power, the generated pulses have a frequency of 401.6 kHz with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 54 dB. The mode-locking threshold was at a pump power of 118 mW. The results obtained in this work indicate the potential of a new class of 2D composite materials which can be used as nonlinear optical devices.
Particle number and interactions in the entropic uncertainty relations
Authors: Salazar Saúl J C , Laguna Humberto G , Sagar Robin P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The dependence of the entropic uncertainty relations on particle number and on attractive and repulsive interparticle potential strengths, is examined in the ground state of coupled harmonic oscillators. The reduced entropy sums depend on the normalization constants of the position and momentum densities, which in turn depend on particle number and interaction strength. These sums exhibit maxima as the particle number is varied, when the particles are in the presence of attractive potentials. On the other hand, no maxima are observed for systems with a repulsive potential. All reduced entropy sums increase and move away from the bound with greater interactions. Consistent behaviours are observed for both reduced one- and two-variable entropy sums. Further reductions of the N-particle densities induce that the respective entropy sums are now farther away from the corresponding bounds. The interpretation of these results is that reduction and increased interaction translates into a weakening of the strength of the uncertainty principle statement. The one- and two-variable entropy sums of these systems are shown to approximate the

a
+
b
ln
N

relation, when the intensity of the one-body harmonic potential is set at the number of particles.
Influence of an external electric field on the structure and properties of domain walls in a (111)-oriented ferrite-garnet film
Authors: Vakhitov R M , Yumaguzin A R , Gridneva G T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, the features of the manifestation of the flexomagnetoelectric effect in a (111)-oriented ferrite garnet film were investigated. It has been shown that, in such magnets, two types of domain walls with magnetization in domains with

M

0

∣
∣

111

are possible: a Bloch-type domain wall and a wall with a quasi-Bloch structure. The evolution of each type of domain wall in an increasing electric field with

ε
∣
∣

111

is revealed, and the characteristic stages of transformation of their structures were determined. Critical fields for their rearrangement and the corresponding values of differential and integral polarizations were found. It has been established that the presence of cubic anisotropy in a (111)-oriented film weakens the degree of manifestation of the flexomagnetoelectric effect in it.
Does NANOGrav observe a dark sector phase transition?
Authors: Bringmann Torsten , Depta Paul Frederik , Konstandin Thomas , Schmidt-Hoberg Kai , Tasillo Carlo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGravitational waves from a first-order cosmological phase transition, at temperatures at the MeV-scale, would arguably be the most exciting explanation of the common red spectrum reported by the NANOGrav collaboration, not the least because this would be direct evidence of physics beyond the standard model. Here we perform a detailed analysis of whether such an interpretation is consistent with constraints on the released energy deriving from big bang nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background. We find that a phase transition in a completely secluded dark sector with sub-horizon sized bubbles is strongly disfavoured with respect to the more conventional astrophysical explanation of the putative gravitational wave signal in terms of supermassive black hole binaries. On the other hand, a phase transition in a dark sector that subsequently decays, before the time of neutrino decoupling, remains an intriguing possibility to explain the data. From the model-building perspective, such an option is easily satisfied for couplings with the visible sector that are small enough to evade current collider and astrophysical constraints. The first indication that could eventually corroborate such an interpretation, once the observed common red spectrum is confirmed as a nHz gravitational wave background, could be the spectral tilt of the signal. In fact, the current data already show a very slight preference for a spectrum that is softer than what is expected from the leading astrophysical explanation.
WIMP decay as a possible Warm Dark Matter model
Authors: Parichha Abineet , Sethi Shiv 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) have long been the favoured Cold Dark Matter (CDM) candidate in the standard ΛCDM model. However, owing to great improvement in the experimental sensitivity in the past decade, some parameter space of the Supersymmetric (SUSY)-based WIMP model is ruled out. In addition, a massive stable WIMP as the CDM particle is also at variance with other astrophysical observables at small scales. We consider a model that addresses both these issues. In the model, the WIMP decays into a massive particle and radiation. We study the background evolution and the first order perturbation theory (coupled Einstein-Boltzmann equations) for this model and show that the dynamics can be captured by a single parameter r = mL/q, which is the ratio of the lighter mass and the comoving momentum of the decay particle. We incorporate the relevant equations in the existing Boltzmann code CLASS to compute the matter power spectra and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) angular power spectra. The decaying WIMP model is akin to a non-thermal Warm Dark Matter (WDM) model and suppresses matter power at small scales, which could alleviate several issues that plague the CDM model at small scales. We compare the predictions
of the model with CMB and galaxy clustering data. As the model deviates from the ΛCDM model at small scales, the evolution of the collapse fraction of matter in the universe is compared with the high-redshift Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) HI data. Both these data sets yield r ≳ 106, which
can be translated into the bounds on other parameters. In particular, we obtain the following lower bounds on the thermally-averaged self-annihilation cross-section of WIMPs, ⟨σv⟩, and the lighter mass: ⟨σv⟩ ≳ 4.9 × 10-34 cm3 sec-1 and mL
≳ 2.4 keV.
The lower limit on mL
is comparable to constraints on the mass of thermally-produced WDM particle. The limit on the self-annihilation cross-section greatly expands the available parameter space as compared to the stable WIMP scenario.