bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Hybrid Algorithm Based on Ant Colony Optimization and Recurrent Neural Networks with Attention Mechanism for Solving the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Soh Mathurin , Nguetoum Likeufack Anderson 
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach for solving the symmetric traveling salesman problem. The proposed approach combines the ant colony algorithm (ACO) with neural networks based on the attention mechanism. The idea is to use the predictive capacity of neural networks to guide the behaviour of ants in choosing the next cities to visit and to use the prediction results of the latter to update the pheromone matrix, thereby improving the quality of the solutions obtained. In concrete terms, attention is focused on the most promising cities by taking into account both distance and pheromone information thanks to the attention mechanism, which makes it possible to assign weights to each city according to its degree of relevance. These weights are then used to predict the next towns to visit for each city. Experimental results on instancesTSP from the TSPLIB library demonstrate that this hybrid approach is better compared to the classic ACO.Dans cet article, nous proposons une approche hybride pour résoudre le problème du voyageur de commerce symétrique. L'approche proposée combine l'algorithme des colonies de fourmis (ACO) avec des réseaux neuronaux basés sur le mécanisme d'attention. L'idée est d'utiliser la capacité prédictive des réseaux neuronaux pour guider le comportement des fourmis dans le choix des prochaines villes à visiter et d'utiliser les résultats de la prédiction de ces dernières pour mettre à jour la matrice de phéromones, améliorant ainsi la qualité des solutions obtenues. Concrètement, l'attention est portée sur les villes les plus prometteuses en tenant compte à la fois des informations de distance et de phéromone grâce au mécanisme d'attention qui permet d'attribuer des poids à chaque ville en fonction de son degré de pertinence. Ces poids sont ensuite utilisés pour prédire les prochaines villes à visiter pour chaque ville. Résultats expérimentaux sur des instancesTSP de la bibliothèque TSPLIB démontrent que cette approche hybride est meilleure que l'ACO classique.
Феміністична зовнішня політика ФРН у історичних трендах (2022-2024)
Authors: Мартинов А.Ю. 
Published: January 2025

У статті проаналізовано особливості формування та реалізації феміністичної зовнішньої політики Німеччини. Феміністичний та екологічний тренди у німецькій зовнішній політиці розглядаються як символ конкуренції між цінностями та інтересами. З часу створення партії зелених (початок 1980-х рр.) пріоритетами зовнішньополітичних установок цієї партії були питання військових конфліктів, гонки озброєнь, захисту прав людини і демократії, міграції, ісламського тероризму. Наглядно це проявлялося під час перебування на посаді міністра закордонних справ в «червоно-зеленій» коаліції Йошки Фішера (1998-2005). Чіткого найменування зовнішньополітичної стратегії «світлофорної коаліції» соціал-демократів, партії зелених і вільних демократів поки що не сформульовано. Ступінь екологічності і феміністичності виглядає мінімальним. Робочою гіпотезою назви цієї стратегії можна вважати ліберально-релятивістською стратегією. Пріоритет «феміністичної зовнішньої політики» мав глобальний вибір та стосувався спроби перевести фемінізм як питання в фемінізм як процес захисту жіночих інтересів по всьому світу. Ці плани зіштовхнулись із жорсткою реальністю міжнародного середовища, яке було травмовано масштабуванням російської агресії проти України. Важливим завданням німецької зовнішньої політики було поєднання феміністичного курсу з екологічними установками. Сучасний світ презентує різне ставлення до жінок. Це де термінується передусім релігійними та локально-цивілізаційними факторами. Феміністична зовнішня політика більша за дипломатичний етикет. Ультаправі популісти у своєму ідеалі бачать Європу континентом білих християнських гетеро сексуальних родин, які треба захищати від «феміністського супрематизму», «тоталітарного воукізму», «соціалістичного глобалізму». Реальна політика знову демонструвала, що вона сильніша за ідеалістичну політику.
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN THE INDONESIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR
Authors: Muthmainnah Riyadatul , Laoli Victorinus , Setianda Rizky Aldi , Sinaga Ananda Sabrida Tora Br , Suwarno Try Edi 
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effect of the relationship between the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainability reports on financial performance on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for manufacturing companies. Secondary data is generated through financial reports and sustainability reports provided in a structured manner. The population for this study consisted of 211 populations using 16 samples of manufacturing companies that published financial reports and sustainability reports in 2019-2021. The hypothesis was tested using Multiple Linear Statistical Tests. Testing was carried out at a significance level of 0.05. The findings of this study reveal that there is a significant relationship between the social dimension of sustainability reports and company performance. While the economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability reports do not provide a relationship to financial performance on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study recommends that practitioners of financial performance pay more attention to economic, environmental, & social indicators in companies listed on the stock exchange in order to get a positive response from stakeholders.
Keywords : Sustainability Report, Financial performance
The saga of the humanized mouse: a giant leap into the galaxy or a small step for humankind?
Authors: R H Nagendra 
Published: January 2025

Laboratory animals have contributed greatly in understanding human physiology and pathology. However, differences in biology do not allow us to definitively interpret the results of experiments in animals. Transplanting human cells and tissues into mice has therefore been one of the milestones in humanizing laboratory animals. However, this necessitates complete replacement of the mouse system by the human system, the most explored of which is the immune system. But this has not been easy as each phenotypic deletion in mice has unraveled the complexity of host (mouse) defense mechanisms and at the same time shed more light on the development of the human immune system. Because humanized immune mice lack the armory to reject xenotransplants, they are being extensively used to implant and study other human systems, including infectious diseases. This review summarizes the history of humanizing the mouse, the technical advancements, the knowledge gained in the process, their use as well as the outlook in this fascinating and rapidly advancing field.
Dietary supplementation of curcumin ameliorate aflatoxn B1 induced oxidative stress in mice
Authors: N Prakash , U Sunilchandra , M Vijaykumar , B H Pavithra , V Naghabhushan , S G Ramachandra 
Published: January 2025

Studies were carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of curcumin on toxicopathology of aflatoxicosis in laboratory mouse following short-term exposure to aflatoxin B1. Sexually matured Swiss albino mice of either sex weighing between 28-30g were divided into two groups consisting of six animals each. Animals in group I (positive control) were fed with aflatoxin B1 mixed in standard rodent chow (7.5 ppb) and group II (treatment) received aflatoxin B1 (7.5 ppb) along with curcumin (1g/kg feed) for a period of 14 days. At term, oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity were assessed by determining tissue and serum specific enzymes and by histopathology. Short term exposure to aflatoxin-B1 significantly (P< 0.05) decreased hepatic GSHr levels on account of oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated TBARS levels (group I). However, concomitant administration of curcumin has significantly (P< 0.05) reduced the TBARS and protected depletion of hepatic GSHr levels. Curcumin supplementation (group II) has markedly reduced the toxicopathological lesions in liver induced by aflatoxin B1 and consequent reduction (P< 0.05) in serum levels of both aminotransferase (s) and phosphatase. Thus, the present study demonstrated the potential benefits of dietary supplementation of curcumin in ameliorating aflatoxin induced oxidative stress in mice
Checking the genetic integrity of laboratory mice with the help of conventional methods
Authors: Ingle Arvind D , Ahire Shashi D 
Published: January 2025

Animal models are well documented in the literature and are used for experimentation due to their specific characters or response to the chemicals. Any deviation of these animals from the reported characters or response renders the animal unsuitable for the research. Therefore, use of genetically defined laboratory animal model is equally important to that of use of pure chemicals in any biomedical research. Procurement of pure lines and their sustained maintenance in the animal facility is of utmost importance for the existence and functioning of any animal facility. Keeping in view of the fact that despite careful and defined breeding program, genetic contamination and strain alterations may occur. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the genetic purity of strains of laboratory mice maintained at ACTREC. Skin grafting, coat colour testing and seven biochemical markers were studied. The results of all these tests showed that the rodent strains maintained at ACTREC have no genetic contaminations/ drift even after maintaining the strains for as many as 136 generations. The data indicates that merely conducting these simple tests, it is possible to establish in-house genetic quality control program and check the authenticity of the laboratory animals.
Efficacy of Momordica charantia in alleviation of streptozotocin- induced diabetes effects in rats
Authors: G Mallikarjuna , Rao Suguna , N B Shridhar , M L Sathyanarayana , S M Byregowda , Krishna B Dhanush 
Published: January 2025

The pathomorphological evaluation of antidiabetic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Momardica charantia (M. charantia) plant’s fruit pulp was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats against glibenclamide. Hydroalcoholic extract of M. charantia at 200 mg/kg was administered to the diabetic subjects for 45 days. The antidiabetic effect was evaluated by estimation of serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT, AST and serum insulin. Detailed histopathologic evaluation of islets of Langerhans, liver and other organs was performed to assess its pathomorphological effects. The diabetic rats which received the hydroalcoholic extract of the M. charantia fruit pulp showed significant decrease (P≤0.001) in the serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT and AST and the serum insulin was significantly increased (P≤0.001) compared to diabetic control animals. The effect observed was almost comparable to those of glibenclamide. The microscopic evaluation of islets of Langerhans indicated either the regeneration or repair of the affected beta cells and also the extract found to have marked hepatoprotective effect against STZ induced liver injury
Two different rat models for cardiac hypertrophy by constriction of ascending and abdominal aorta
Authors: Sankaran Santhosh Kumar , Kumar  G S Ajith , Raj S S Binil , R Rajagopal 
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis is one of the important life style diseases of human beings. There are several animal models in vogue for studying the patho-physiology of Atherosclerosis. It is usually done by inducing pressure overload of aorta. In this study we attempted two different murine models by constriction of thoracic aorta (ascending aorta) and by constriction of abdominal aorta, using metal clips. It was observed that thoracic aorta banding requires expertise, expensive equipment and an increased mortality rate compared to abdominal aorta banding. But the time period for the development of cardiac hypertrophy was lesser in thoracic method (2-4 months) compared to abdominal aorta approach (20-24 months).
Total Leucocytes and Lymphocytes Correlates with T cell deficiency and not on B or NK cell deficiency in mice
Authors: Arindkar Shailendra , Iyer Srikanth , Kumar Jerald Mahesh , Perumal Nagarajan 
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study was to compare changes in leucocyte and lymphocyte analytes in various models of immunodeficient mice lacking T or B or NK cells or both T and B cells. In this study, we used the following immunodeficient mice (nu; T inactive B+ NK+), (IgH-6-/-; T+B inactive NK+) (beige; T+B+NK inactive) and SCID and RAG-1-/- (T inactive B inactive NK+). Among the T cell deficient (Ii-/-, CD8+, CD4 Inactive) and (TAP-1-/-; CD 4 inactive and CD8+) were used. FACS analyses of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were performed to determine the percentage of CD3+ T cell, B220 + B cell and NK cell along with analysis of hematological parameters. There were marked differences in the relative proportions of leucocytes and lymphocytes blood cell population among the immunodeficient strains. These results indicate that WBC and lymphocytes population in whole blood depends on T cells percentage. B cells and NK cells deficiency has minor role in the leucocytes and lymphocytes population in immunodeficient status in mouse models. The hematological differences described here are based on the level of CD3, B220 and NK1.1 cells. This study will provide baseline information for researchers who use various immunodeficient mice for immunological, genetic and cancer studies.
Corncob :A comfort to laboratory rodents or A risk to research objectives ?
Authors: Kansara Bhavin R , Hole Jayant P , Joshi Himanshu , Deshmukh Pradeep B 
Published: January 2025

Corncob has been the most common choice of bedding material for laboratory animals in many countries due to its ready availability, low cost and better absorbance properties. However, corncob has been reported to have estrogenic, endocrine disruption and mitogenic properties by few authors. Animal facilities need to make a wise decision while selecting a particular bedding type, such that the unwanted effects associated with bedding like corncob, may not interfere with the research objectives. Chip bedding made from hardwood is one of the most common choices of bedding by most international animal facilities for commercial breeders, academic research institutes, pharmaceutical industry and pre clinical contract research organisations.
Latest diagnostic techniques in rodent pathogens
Authors: S G Ramachandra , M Shrruthi , G K Prachet , J S Rosa , N Krishnaveni 
Published: January 2025

The use of animal models is critical to the biomedical research. Animals used for biomedical research should be in a state of absolute good health for reliable and reproducible results. It has been reported that infections,environmental factors, genetic factors and interactions of all these may influence the suitability of an animal for research.Sometimes, apparent healthy animals also suffer from latent infections. Majority of these infections are subclinical and may go undetected in gross examination, but clinical symptoms may appear under conditions of stress during experimentation. Also, it has been reported that even subclinical infections in rodents modify or alter research outcome. Many infectious agents affect results in the field of immunology, physiology, reproductive physiology, oncology and many more research areas. Hence, proper and periodic health monitoring programme is important to define the health status of experimental animals. In India, more than 1500 facilities are using laboratory animals for biomedical research. However, majority of them have not adopted the comprehensive health monitoring or disease diagnostic programme due to prohibitive cost of the diagnostic kits. Few facilities in India have adopted international guidelines in health monitoring/disease diagnosis and this includes conventional culture techniques, ELISA and PCR for rapid diagnosis. However, recent techniques such as MFI, Micro ELISA, Microarray and LAMP that have been developed and adopted elsewhere needs to be adopted in India for rapid and accurate diagnosis of pathogens in rodents.
Management of gastric dilatation/bloat in a rabbit
Authors: Singh Karan , Yadav Shikha , Yadav Inderjeet , Kanwar Dinesh , Singh Vijay Pal 
Published: January 2025

A rabbit doe which was one and half year old and weighing 2.4 Kg was presented to clinic with history of anorexia, lethargy and constipation. Physical examination revealed difficult breathing, hunched posture, distention of the stom ach and abdomen, head pressing, minimally responsive to any stimuli, slightly pale mucus membranes and rectal temperature of 99.9 oF. The radiographic examination revealed gas distended gastric shadow with various degrees of gas filled small or large intestine. After complete clinical examination of rabbit, the condition was diagnosed as gastric dilatation/bloat in rabbit. The rabbit was treated with needle trocarization, intravenous fluid, antibiotics, analgesic/anti-inflammatory drug and laxative. On day 4 of treatment, she was active and behaving normally so all treatment was discontinued and she was discharged on same day.
Cryopreservation of mouse embryo using vitrification method
Authors: Thorat Rahul , Ingle Arvind 
Published: January 2025

Cryopreservation plays an important role in storing the embryos of unwanted strains of laboratory animals in liquid nitrogen and maintaining the lines in smallest available space. This not only helps in curtailing the unwanted expenditure of maintaining these lines but also saving time and energy. Laboratory Animal Facility of ACTREC is maintaining various strains of mice, rats and hamsters. Our facility has established rodent embryo cryo-bank which acts as a backup for the valuable strains. Initially, we have made a successful attempt by slow freezing and fast thawing method. Considering the recent advances in cryopreservation technique and success rate, we report here an attempt of the cryopreservation of mouse embryos by vitrification technique. In the present study, in all 851 embryos were collected from 132 donor female mice from four strains of different background. An average gain of 7 embryos per female was recorded by natural mating. Collected embryos were stored in 45 cryovials. As a quality control measure and to check the efficiency of newly adopted vitrification protocol, we thawed few vials at periodic interval. The percentage of recovery of embryos was ranging from 91.67% to 97.5%. The lower percentage of 91.67% was found in Smo/Smo strain, while higher percentage of 97.5% was found in outbred, Crl: CD1 (ICR) strain. These embryos were kept in CO2 incubator for 1 hr for maintaining morphology. After incubation, the percentage of embryos maintained morphology in these four strains was ranging from 57.33% to 100%. The lowest percentage 57.33% of morphology was found in spontaneous mutant S/RV/Cri-ba strain. The morphology maintained embryos were surgically transferred in 1.5 day post-coitus pseudo-pregnant female mice of CD1 strain. Out of 17 females, 12 females became pregnant and delivered total 51 live pups which were subsequently weaned and allowed to breed further. The percentage of embryo transferred Vs live births was ranging from 14.89% to 31.03%. Based upon the results, it is evident that there is an increase in overall success of the newly adopted technique of vitrification which is simple and less time consuming than slow freezing and fast thawing method.
A study on hematological, serum biochemical and microbiological parameters in wild caught rodents
Authors: H Nidhi , S Sandhya , N Krishnaveni , M Shrruthi , J S Rosa , S G Ramachandra 
Published: January 2025

Laboratory mice constitute the most popular animal models used in biomedical research today. Like all animals, even mice housed in ‘barrier’ facilities are prone to infection. Wild mice (Mus musculus) living near vivaria could serve as a source of infection or infestation in laboratory mouse colonies, although little is known about the prevalence of infectious diseases in wild mouse. Very few surveys have been conducted on wild rodent populations to determine the prevalence of viruses and bacteria and also health monitoring of the wild rodents. Pathogens (bacteria, parasites) often gain entry into colonies through the introduction of infected animals or infected animal products, but viral dissemination via contaminated fomites or local wild rodents has also been implicated in the spread of disease. Hence, a preliminary study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of rodent pathogens and health status in wild mouse populations in and around and Bangalore. The present study revealed that none of the animals tested were positive for viral pathogens. However, bacterial pathogens and parasites were found in wild caught mice. Hematological and serum biochemical parameters were comparable to the colony bred anim
Post-operative aural surgical wound dressing in rats
Authors: Dkhar Barilin , Saikia Pranjal P , Pyngrope Haphidasara , Bhatia Abhijeet 
Published: January 2025

Wound dressing is an integral technique of animal care in various studies involving animal models. This post-operative technique often determines the mortality and morbidity of the animal used and also influences experimental outcomes. Post auricular surgical wounds presents a challenge for dressing on account of presence of sense organs in the vicinity. Rats are also prone to damaging the dressing and the underlying sutures. Hence, an appropriate technique for dressing the region is vital for successful surgical outcomes. Literature on dressing of post auricular surgical wounds in rats are scarce. The present work describes in detail the wound dressing technique in adult Wistar rats developed by the authors. A total of 14 animals were used for the study and with this technique, the wrap around the incision was found to be intact till the next day of post-operative dressing. The wound healing process appeared to be normal with no visible signs of infection at the incision.
Role of PET-CT imaging system in diagnosis of spontaneous lesion in laboratory New Zealand White rabbit: A case report
Authors: Pawar Yogita , Rakshit Sutapa , Damle Archana 
Published: January 2025

Recently procured New Zealand White rabbits were brought to the department and kept for quarantine in the animal house facility. Out of 5 rabbits, one rabbit was anorexic, corner seating setting, and could not respond to the physical stimuli. On physical examination, we found the raised subcutaneous nodule covered under fur at lateral side of the face. PET CT imaging was done which indicated the central area of dead tissue with peripheral uptake of 18F-FDG. Fine needle aspiration was performed and collected sample was subjected for bacteriology and cell cytological examination. Cell cytology showed many degenerated heterophils, few RBC’s, and other cellular debris. Predominantly Klebsiella and few Escherichia coli bacterial colonies were grown on agar. A broad spectrum Enrofloxacin antibiotic was given to the other animals as a preventive measures to control the infection