bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting individual change in children with mild to moderate motor impairment: the standard error of measurement of the Movement ABC
Authors: Leemrijse Chantal , Meijer Onno G , Vermeer Adri , Lambregts Brigitte , Adèr Herman J 
Published: May 2003

Objective: To assess whether the Movement ABC can be used to monitor individual change in motor performance. Design: Motor-impaired children were tested three times in succession with the Movement ABC without any intervention. Setting: Two schools for special education and one school for children who are chronically ill. Subjects: Three girls and 20 boys aged 6–8 years. Main outcome measures : Scores were measured per item (0→ 5), added to cluster scores (0→ 10 or 15), added to form the total scores (0→ 40). Mean scores, standard errors of measurement (SEMs) and least detectable differences (LDDs) were calculated per item, per cluster and for the total scores. A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to test for the effects of time. Results: The total scores improved significantly from the first session (mean: 15.4 points) to the second (mean: 13.3), but not from the second to the third (mean: 13.2). Average item scores ranged from 0.6 to 2.7 points with SEMs of 0.79→1.54 and LDDs of 2.20→ 4.27. Average cluster scores ranged from 3.4 to 5.3 with SEMs of 1.51→ 1.84 and LDDs of 4.18→5.11. The SEM of the total scores equalled 3.13 with an LDD of 8.68. Conclusions: The total score of the Movement ABC is sufficiently sensitive to monitor individual change; the cluster scores have moderate sensitivity and individual items are inappropriate to monitor individual change. The significant effect of time is interpreted as an effect of learning.
Role for c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase in β-Cell Recovery from Nitric Oxide-Mediated Damage
Authors: Scarim Anna L. , Nishimoto Sheri Y. , Weber Sarah M. , Corbett John A. 
Published: May 2003

Abstract
Treatment of rat islets with the cytokine IL-1 results in the inhibition of mitochondrial function and insulin secretion, events that are mediated by β-cell expression of iNOS [inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase] and production of NO. β-Cells recover from the inhibitory actions of NO, produced following 24 h incubation with IL-1, on islet oxidative metabolism and insulin secretion if iNOS enzymatic activity is inhibited and the islets are cultured (in the presence of IL-1 and iNOS inhibitors) for a brief period of 8 h. Islet recovery from cytokine- and NO-mediated damage is an active process that requires new gene expression, and NO itself is one activator of this recovery process. In this study, the mechanism by which NO stimulates islet recovery has been examined. Incubation of rat islets or RINm5F cells with the NO donor compound, sodium (Z)-1(N,N-diethylamino) diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (DEA-NO) for 1 h results in a 60% inhibition of mitochondrial aconitase activity. β-Cells completely recover aconitase activity if the cells are washed to remove the NO donor compound and incubated for an additional 5 h in the absence of DEA-NO. The recovery of mitochondrial aconitase activity correlates with a 4-fold increase in cyclic GMP accumulation and is prevented by the inhibition of guanylate cyclase. The recovery of aconitase activity also correlates with the activation of members of the MAPKs, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and ERK, and the activation p38 and JNK is attenuated by inhibition of guanylate cyclase. ERK and p38 do not appear to participate in the recovery process as selective inhibition of these kinases fails to prevent recovery of aconitase activity; however, transduction of β-cells with a dominant negative mutant JNK prevents β-cell recovery from NO-mediated damage. These findings support a role for guanylate cyclase and JNK in the recovery of β-cells from NO-mediated damage.
Corticosterone Enhances Adrenocorticotropin-Induced Calcium Signals in Bovine Adrenocortical Cells
Authors: Chiyo Tomoko , Yamazaki Takeshi , Aoshika Kenji , Kominami Shiro , Ohta Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe rapid effects of steroid hormones on Ca2+ signals have been examined in bovine adrenocortical cells. Among the steroid molecules tested, only corticosterone rapidly stimulated Ca2+ signals upon addition of ACTH, although corticosterone alone did not induce Ca2+ signals. Corticosterone also enhanced steroidogenesis induced by ACTH. The enhancement of ACTH-induced Ca2+ signals was also observed with membrane-impermeable corticosterone conjugated to BSA and was not inhibited by cycloheximide. In addition, corticosterone did not enhance Ca2+ signals induced by ATP or angiotensin II. These results suggest that corticosterone selectively stimulates ACTH-induced Ca2+ signals in a nongenomic way by acting on a target in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the supernatants of cells incubated with ACTH or ATP enhanced Ca2+ signals, suggesting that steroids produced by such treatment act in an autocrine fashion. Consistent with this idea, these effects were inhibited by inhibitors of steroidogenesis (aminoglutethimide or metyrapone). These results show that steroid molecules synthesized in adrenocortical cells facilitate ACTH-induced Ca2+ signals. Taken together, corticosterone secreted from adrenocortical cells activates ACTH-induced Ca2+ signals and steroidogenesis by nongenomic means.
Linearization and return mapping algorithms for elastoplasticity models
Authors: Asensio G. , Moreno C. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe return mapping algorithm is one of the most efficient procedures to solve elasto‐plastic problems. However, a criticism that may be lodged against this method is the difficulty of the practical computation of the consistent tangent matrix when the return is non‐radial. Much research has been done to handle this matrix. In this paper, a unified approach is presented in such a way that a simple closed‐form expression gives the consistent tangent matrix for the classical constitutive relations (von Mises, Tresca, Mohr–Coulomb, Drucker–Prager). The basic ideas are in the properties of eikonal equations appearing in several fields as image treatment, short time computation in elastic waves and others. The same kinds of ideas can be extended to non‐classical models. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How “leading quietly” offers realistic help with the difficult, important human problems
Authors: Badaracco Joseph L. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractLooking at leadership with a wide‐angle lens shows that men and women who do not fit the traditional
heroic mold are, daily, successfully solving important organizational, ethical, and practical problems—and
contributing to a better world. Such quiet leaders operate from a realistic, not cynical, world view based on
four guiding principles: You don't know everything; you will be surprised; keep an eye on the
insiders; and trust, but cut the cards. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Learning the language of business at Sabre
Authors: Yarbrough Deedra , Rezak Catherine J. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSabre Holdings had to grow up fast. It was spun off from American Airlines in 2000—and then September
11, 2001 slammed the entire airline industry. Yet Sabre came close to achieving its 2002 profitability
plan—in large part because employees controlled expenses. And they had learned both why and how to do that
through an innovative, experiential learning initiative that linked corporate financial analysis with daily work
activity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Implementing Lean principles with the Six Sigma advantage: How a battery company realized significant improvements
Authors: Sharma Udit 
Published: May 2003

AbstractLean Manufacturing can produce startlingly good results—but implementing them can be costly in time and
other resources, whose investment does not always pay off. When Lean principles are integrated with Six Sigma
practices, however, their success rate grows—and, most importantly, improvements become embedded in daily
work life on a continuing basis. One battery company instituted this blend of methods, and dramatically reduced
its cost of capital while streamlining its manufacturing process—as well as improving its customer
satisfaction levels. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The zinc finger protein OZF (ZNF146) is overexpressed in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ferbus Didier , Bovin Christophe , Validire Pierre , Goubin Gérard 
Published: May 2003

AbstractOverexpression of the OZF gene has previously been demonstrated in the majority of pancreatic cancers. However, because the stages of tumour progression in this disease are poorly defined, no conclusion could be drawn concerning the relationship between OZF overexpression and the course of tumour progression. In contrast, initiation and progression steps are well defined in colorectal cancer. Most colon cancers are believed to arise from polypoid adenomas as a result of the gradual accumulation of genetic alterations, allowing the study of genetic events in the early stages of neoplasia. Accordingly, we wanted to assess the frequency of OZF overexpression in this tumour type and the relationship between overexpression and disease stage. Twenty‐five colon carcinoma specimens from different sites and at various stages were analysed by immunoblotting using a highly specific mouse monoclonal antibody. Each sample was compared with adjacent normal colonic mucosa. Complementary immunohistochemical analysis was also carried out on a commercially available tissue array to identify cells expressing OZF. Of the 25 tumours analysed by immunoblotting, 20 expressed higher levels of OZF protein than their adjacent normal mucosa. Immunohistochemistry revealed OZF expression in tumour cells of 56/59 carcinomas and occasionally in infiltrating lymphocytes but at lower levels. Little or no staining was observed in cells taken from normal or inflammatory colon specimens. In both immunoblot and immunohistochemistry experiments, no correlation was found between OZF expression and clinical parameters such as TNM classification, stage, localization and age. Immunostaining was observed in low‐grade adenomas, indicating that OZF expression occurs very early in the course of tumour progression. OZF expression, infrequent or absent in normal colonic mucosa, is present in more than 80% of colorectal cancers. Dysregulation of the OZF gene is an early event that may be implicated in the genesis of colonic carcinoma and may therefore provide a potential therapeutic target. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic significance of BRCA1 expression in sporadic breast carcinomas
Authors: Lambie H , Miremadi A , Pinder SE , Bell JA , Wencyk P , Paish EC , Macmillan RD , Ellis IO 
Published: May 2003

AbstractBRCA1 is a tumour suppresser gene frequently mutated in familial breast cancer and thought to influence the progression of sporadic breast cancer. Decreased BRCA1 mRNA and protein expression has been identified in breast cancer cell lines and sporadic breast tumours. Here the prognostic significance of reduced BRCA1 protein expression is investigated in primary operable breast cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the level of BRCA1 protein expression in 100 breast cancers. BRCA1 expression was compared with known prognostic factors and survival to investigate its prognostic significance. BRCA1 nuclear expression was reduced by varying amounts in breast carcinomas. A progressive loss of BRCA1 expression correlated well with higher histological grade (p = 0.002) and an excess of medullary/atypical medullary/grade 3 ductal carcinomas (p = 0.0001). When adjusted for grade, patients with loss of BRCA1 expression had a significantly longer disease‐free survival time. Loss of BRCA1 expression associated with high‐grade breast tumours suggests that BRCA1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of sporadic breast cancer. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations
Authors: Azlina Aziz Firzah , Ariza Zakaria , Arni Talib , Hisham Abdullah Noor 
Published: May 2003

AbstractTo review the clinical presentation, histopathological features, and optimal treatment of chronic granulomatous mastitis, the authors conducted a retrospective study of 25 women admitted to a teaching hospital in Malaysia between January 1998 and December 2000 who met the required histologic criteria. The primary outcome measures were morbidity and recurrence of the disease. Thirteen patients presented with a breast mass clinically mimicking breast cancer, and 12 patients had breast induration and abscess formation. In addition, 8 of these patients had recurrent breast disease. Clinical and imaging diagnosis has often been difficult and inconclusive, so histopathology remains the optimal diagnostic tool. Of interest, 50% of patients experience recurrences, and long‐term follow‐up is therefore necessary. The authors concluded that, because chronic granulomatous mastitis is a rare benign breast condition that may be misdiagnosed as breast carcinoma, complete resection should be accomplished whenever possible. Steroid therapy may be an adjuvant for optimal treatment. Awareness among surgeons and pathologists should also be emphasized to avoid unnecessary misdiagnosis and treatment.
New Type of Reconstruction Method after Subtotal Gastrectomy (Noh’s Operation)
Authors: Noh Seung‐Moo , Jeong Hyun‐Yong , Cho June‐Sik , Shin Kyung‐Sook , Song Kyu‐Sang , So Young , Lee Tae‐Yong 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare a new type of reconstruction method (Noh’s operation) with Roux‐en‐Y operation after subtotal gastrectomy. Noh’s operation described herein includes a jejunal occlusion, an end‐to‐side gastrojejunostomy, a side‐to‐end jejunoduodenostomy, and a side‐to‐side jejunojejunostomy after subtotal gastrectomy. A series of 43 patients who had the new operation were compared with 47 patients with the Roux‐en‐Y procedure. The postgastrectomy syndromes, and the mucosal change of the remnant stomach and esophagus were evaluated after surgery. In the new operation, the Roux stasis syndrome occurred in 34.9% at 3 months, in 23.3% at 6 months, in 14.0% at 12 months, and in 11.6% at 24 months. In patients undergoing the Roux‐en‐Y operation, the syndrome occurred in 42.6% at 3 months, in 34.0% at 6 months, in 31.9% at 12 months, and in 29.8% at 24 months. This study shows that the new type of operation (Noh’s operation) can be a good option for reconstruction after subtotal gastrectomy.
Central Pancreatectomy for the Resection of Benign or Low Malignant Potential Neoplasms
Authors: Christein John D. , Kim Anthony W. , Golshan Mehra A. , Maxhimer Justin , Deziel Daniel J. , Prinz Richard A. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractCentral pancreatectomy is an uncommonly performed procedure that may be particularly useful for the removal of benign and low malignant potential lesions in the neck and body of the pancreas. This procedure may have fewer major complications and better preserve endocrine and exocrine function than the more commonly performed pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy. We report our recent experience with central pancreatectomy and review the literature on this topic.
Suspected Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Limb in Outpatients: Considerations for Optimal Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Giannoukas Athanasios D. , Tsetis Dimitrios , Kostas Theodoros , Petinarakis Ioannis , Ioannou Christos , Touloupakis Emmanouel , Katsamouris Asterios N. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThe objective of this study was to review our diagnostic approach using color duplex scanning (CDS) in the management of symptomatic outpatients with suspected lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT). CDS was carried out in 315 consecutive outpatients with unilateral symptoms consistent with DVT. Both limbs were assessed in 205 patients. Other pathology was routinely sought when the symptomatic limb was free of thrombosis. Acute DVT was present in 25% (76/315) of the symptomatic limbs, and in only 8% it was confined to calf veins. Other pathology was detected in 90 limbs (28%). Swelling with or without pain was associated with DVT in 44% and 10%, respectively. The time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and CDS was 3 days (range 1–6 days). DVT in the contralateral asymptomatic limb was present in 5 (9%) of the 56 patients with DVT in the symptomatic limb. In the absence of DVT in the symptomatic limb, the contralateral asymptomatic limb was free of thrombosis. Clinical diagnosis of DVT in outpatients was unreliable. CDS revealed that only one‐fourth of the symptomatic limbs had DVT, and other pathology mimicking DVT was present in 28%. CDS is a useful tool that offers a prompt, efficient diagnosis. Investigation of the contralateral asymptomatic limb seems to be necessary only when DVT is found in the symptomatic limb.
Monitoring process parameters with pre‐control
Authors: Olorunniwo Festus , Knight John Ed 
Published: May 2003

AbstractMany manufacturers have reported success in using Pre‐Control (PC) procedures to monitor their processes. The reported success has been attributed to the fact that the operators, who usually implement PC procedure, find it simple. Beside simplicity, PC has several other advantages over conventional control charts ( charts, etc.). PC ensures operator control of a process as well as product quality, an essential factor in operator empowerment. The procedure can also be effectively used on short production runs; it ensures quick process qualification; provides quick feedback of information on a process; and is very economical to operate because it requires minimum paperwork and mathematical calculations.The simplicity of use is attributed to the fact that, in its easiest and most common mode of implementation, PC requires no numerical recording or scaled plotting of data. For these same reasons it has been difficult, in this mode of implementation, to evaluate the values of the process parameters (mean and variability). In the other mode of PC implementation where numerical recording and plotting of data is routinely required, the simplicity advantage is lost. Because of the inability to evaluate the process parameters, manufacturers using the common mode of PC implementation are frustrated because they are unable to demonstrate that their processes are capable of, and are in fact producing, products of high quality.In this paper we propose two models for evaluating process parameters without the need to record any numerical measurement of product characteristics. Although the two models are jointly executed, the first evaluates process variability, and the second process mean. Common PC procedure normally uses indicator gages with zones colored identically as the zones of the ‘charts’. We show that the only additional requirement to execute the models is to subdivide each of the four zones on the gage into two. The ‘chart’ itself needs not be drawn to scale. The operator can draw the required lines on the ‘chart’ free‐hand. Points representing zones indicated by the gage's “measurements” are marked anywhere in a “box” on the chart without the need for accurately locating the points.We conducted a simulation analysis to evaluate the accuracy of our models (measured by the absolute percent error of the estimates of the process parameters from the actual). We report that our models perform favorably compared with traditional measures of variability and mean. For manufacturers who use the simple PC procedures we believe that the proposed models now provide a means to also quantify the process capability.
Minimum tardiness scheduling in flow shops: Construction and evaluation of alternative solution approaches
Authors: Raman Narayan 
Published: May 2003

AbstractSurveys of industrial scheduling practice show that meeting customer due dates is a critical concern for many manufacturing systems. While there is considerable research on the effectiveness of scheduling rules in job shops, very little work is reported on flow shops. Although scheduling rules developed for job shops can be applied in other systems as well, we show that the inherent structure of a flow shop can be utilized to construct effective solution procedures. In particular, for the total tardiness problem, we develop conditions for local optimality in a 2‐machine flow shop, and use these results to generate an efficient improvement heuristic procedure. We also construct solution methods that utilize the notion of shifting bottlenecks.Our computational experience reveals the superiority and robustness of the proposed approaches under a variety of problem scenarios. The results of this study also indicate the need to look beyond permutation schedules for solving the flow shop tardiness problem. Furthermore, they suggest that the criterion for determining machine criticality needs to take the scheduling objective into consideration. While it appears intuitive to impute criticality on the basis of machine workloads and, therefore, emphasize the bottleneck machine for generating the shop schedule, this approach may frequently result in inferior system performance.
POM research productivity in U.S. business schools
Authors: Young Scott T. , Baird Brad C. , Pullman Madeleine E. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractThis study examines the publication output of individuals and business schools in the field of Production and Operations Management (POM). A ranking system was devised based upon publications in the leading POM journals. Two ranking approaches were applied to business schools: productivity and quality. Articles were counted in two ways: one ranking counted each article as one unit, and authors “shared” the unit equally, and the second ranking gave each contributor credit for one “distributed” unit.These are the first publication productivity rankings for the field of POM, and are based upon publications in the years 1989–1993.
A continuous record of Holocene eolian activity in West Greenland
Authors: Willemse Nico W. , Koster Eduard A. , Hoogakker Babette , van Tatenhove Frank G.M. 
Published: May 2003

AbstractEolian landforms are widespread alongside proglacial valley-sandurs in West Greenland and comprise low-relief sand sheets, climbing dunes, and upland loess. Sedimentary facies mainly reflect distance to outwash-source zones and the influence of vegetation cover. The sediments show stratification types typical for poorly to moderately vegetated sand-sheets, alternately laminated silt/peat sequences, and unstratified loess. Twenty-five accelerator mass spectrometry14C dates provide the basis for the chronostratigraphy of the inland eolian deposits.14C dates from interstratified sand-sheets suggest that the bulk of eolian sands were deposited prior to 3400 cal yr B.P. and after 550 cal yr B.P. This two-phase formation for the inland dunes most likely reflects local changes in proglacial floodplain development and meltwater rerouting associated with a significant recession of the Greenland ice sheet during the mid Holocene climate optimum. Subsequent floodplain regeneration and renewed sand-sheet formation after 550 cal yr B.P. followed when the ice margin readvanced to its present position. In contrast, atmospheric deposition of regionally derived silt in upland peat mires has been continuous since at least 4750 cal yr B.P. Silt influx data demonstrate a strongly episodic history of the intensity of eolian activity over the past five millennia, which tentatively reflects alternating periods of (winter) aridity associated with the variable incursion of maritime air masses over the interior ice-free areas of West Greenland.