bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in soil quality under long‐term rice‐crayfish farming in the Dongting Lake Plain, China
Authors: Du Linsen , Wang Hua , Zhang Zhen , Xiao Zhihua , Sun Geng , Yu Yelan , Hu Teng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRice‐crayfish (RC) integrated cultivation, as a sustainable agricultural system, could significantly improve soil fertility. However, the soil quality under the long‐term RC farming system is still unclear. To examine the effects of RC cultivation on soil quality in paddy fields, this study utilized an integrated soil quality index (SQI) for examining the soil quality at different soil profiles (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depth) in rice monoculture (RM) and RC farming systems (after 1, 6, 10, and 15 years) scattered in Nanxian County, Hunan Province, China. The minimum datasets for evaluating soil quality were assembled using the soil pH, bulk density, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and β‐d‐glucosidase. The findings demonstrated that soil quality was greatly impacted by RC farming, which improved with the increase of years under RC management. The soil quality of 10‐ and 15‐year RC farming systems were significantly higher than RM system. Besides, soil quality declined with increasing soil depth. The SQI value, which may be used as an indicator to assess the soil quality of RC systems, was dominated by total nitrogen, which contributed 27.60% to the SQI value. On the whole, long‐term RC farming affected the soil quality of paddy fields through management methods including non‐rice season flooding, feeding, and no tillage. Through this study, it was found that MDS and SQI composed of appropriate physical, chemical, and biological indicators could more objectively analyze the soil quality of long‐term RC system and provide guidance for sustainable development of RC farming.
Impact of social determinants of health on access to rhinology care and patient outcomes: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Esther , Diaz Ashley , Zhang Douglas , Dimitroyannis Rose , Kim Daniel , Caballero Nadieska , Pinto Jayant M. , Roxbury Christopher R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis novel pilot study constructs a social deprivation index (SDI) and utilizes an area deprivation index (ADI) to evaluate the link between social determinants of health and rhinology patient experiences.MethodsAdult patients undergoing outpatient care of chronic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis at a tertiary academic medical center were recruited to participate in a telephone survey assessing symptoms, social/emotional consequences of disease, and barriers to care on a 5‐point Likert scale. Sociodemographic characteristics were utilized to rate SDI on an 8‐point scale. ADI was obtained by area code of residence. Ordered logistic regression was used to examine associations between the SDI/ADI and perceptions of rhinology care.ResultsFifty patients were included. Individuals with higher SDI scores (i.e., more socially deprived) experienced more severe nasal congestion (p = .007). Furthermore, higher national ADI correlated with increased severity of smell changes (p = .050) and facial pressure (p = .067). No association was seen between either deprivation index and global/psychiatric symptoms. While no correlations were found between higher SDI and difficulties with the costs of prescriptions, rhinologist's visits, or saline, higher SDI was correlated with decreased difficulty with surgery costs (p = .029), and individuals with higher national ADI percentile had increased difficulties obtaining nasal saline (p = .029).ConclusionWorse social deprivation is associated with difficulties obtaining saline rinses and increased severity of nasal/sinus symptoms in an urban, underserved, majority‐Black population. These findings suggest social factors affect access to and quality of rhinology care in a complex and nuanced way and highlight the need for a specific SDI to further study social determinants of health in rhinology.Level of Evidence2c.
Dual Clay Nanobrick Wall Thin Films with High Oxygen Barrier at High Humidity
Authors: Iverson Ethan T. , Chiang Hsu‐Cheng , Fisher Sarah G. , Legendre Hudson , Schmieg Kendra , Chang Edward , Grunlan Jaime C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThin polymer‐based coatings with high oxygen barrier at elevated humidity are needed for the protection of food and organic electronic devices. Polyelectrolyte‐based thin films (deposited via layer‐by‐layer assembly) perform well at ambient humidity, but their performance typically dwindles as humidity increases due to their hydrophilic nature. Retention of their high barrier can be achieved through the addition of chemical crosslinkers or the introduction of inorganic platelets that create a nanobrick wall structure. In this study, a nanobrick wall barrier prepared with two types of clay, with a thickness less than 200 nm, is shown to reduce the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of 179 µm polyethylene terephthalate to less than 0.016 cm3 m−2 day−1 atm−1. At 90% relative humidity (RH), a quadlayer barrier consisting of polyethylenimine, boehmite clay, poly(acrylic acid), and vermiculite clay maintains nearly 90% of its barrier performance at 0% RH (OTR = 0.019 cm3 m−2 day−1 atm−1). This study demonstrates the potential of dual clay thin film nanocomposites to protect various consumer goods at high humidity.
Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson's Disease in Latin America: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kim Dani J. , Isidro‐Pérez Ana L. , Doering Michelle , Llibre‐Rodriguez Juan J. , Acosta Isaac , Rodriguez Salgado Ana M. , Pinilla‐Monsalve Gabriel D. , Tanner Caroline , Llibre‐Guerra Jorge J. , Prina Matthew 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a rapidly growing neurodegenerative disorder, but up‐to‐date epidemiological data are lacking in Latin America. We sought to estimate the prevalence and incidence of PD and parkinsonism in Latin America.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Literatura Latino‐Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde or the Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature databases for epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence or incidence of PD or parkinsonism in Latin America from their inception to 2022. Quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data were pooled via random‐effects meta‐analysis and analyzed by data source (cohort studies or administrative databases), sex, and age group. Significant differences between groups were determined by meta‐regression.ResultsEighteen studies from 13 Latin American countries were included in the review. Meta‐analyses of 17 studies (nearly 4 million participants) found a prevalence of 472 (95% CI, 271–820) per 100,000 and three studies an incidence of 31 (95% CI, 23–40) per 100,000 person‐years for PD; and seven studies found a prevalence of 4300 (95% CI, 1863–9613) per 100,000 for parkinsonism. The prevalence of PD differed by data source (cohort studies, 733 [95% CI, 427–1255] vs. administrative databases. 114 [95% CI, 63–209] per 100,000,P < 0.01), age group (P < 0.01), but not sex (P = 0.73). PD prevalence in ≥60 years also differed significantly by data source (cohort studies. 1229 [95% CI, 741–2032] vs. administrative databases, 593 [95% CI, 480–733] per 100,000,P < 0.01). Similar patterns were observed for parkinsonism.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence and incidence of PD in Latin America were estimated. PD prevalence differed significantly by the data source and age, but not sex. © 2023 The Authors.Movement Disorderspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Copper micromachined WR‐2.2 band waveguide and bandpass filter
Authors: Shi Guanghua , Wen Xiaozhu , Yang Haodong , Yu Yang , Wang Zhen , Zhang Anxue , Guo Cheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a WR‐2.2 band (330–500 GHz) waveguide with E‐plane bends and a waveguide bandpass filter. A micro‐metal additive manufacturing technology employs copper to process these devices. This technology includes several micromachining processes, which can produce integrated, miniaturized, and complex three‐dimensional metal microstructures when meeting the process constraints. To successfully apply this technology to the fabrication of terahertz waveguide devices, many design details are considered. First, the E‐plane bent transition structures in the waveguide overcome size limitations imposed by the manufacturing process, allowing for accurate measurement using standard waveguide interfaces. Second, the rectangular resonators compose the fifth‐order waveguide bandpass filter spanning 20 GHz with a center frequency of 380 GHz. Given that the excess photoresist needs to be removed, some release holes are designed in the proper positions of the filter. Third, to increase the uniformity of the device layout and improve the machining quality in the electroforming process, a lot of rectangular holes are arranged around the device. By adopting a meticulous and novel design method in accordance with the process advantages and limitations, the fabrication accuracy of the device size is greatly increased. The integrated filter with exceptional performance is obtained. The measured average insertion loss within the passband is better than 1.2 dB, and the return loss exceeds 15 dB. Additionally, the filter demonstrates a center frequency offset of approximately 0.5%. Good consistency between simulation and measurement shows the validity of design and fabrication.
Long‐term creep deformation of carbon fiber/epoxy composites with physical aging: Experimental investigation and constitutive modeling
Authors: Yang Jiangyan , Ma Xiaofei , Wang Hui , Shang Fulin , Hou Demen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe tensile creep tests for two kinds of epoxy resin matrix composite laminates were performed under 25°C and 50°C. Results indicate that these materials deform in a time‐dependent manner, that is, the tensile strain increases within a short time after the tests began, and then decreases during most of the loading period. Such increase and decrease trends reflect the creep characteristic and effect of physical aging, respectively. A linear viscoelastic model is developed to include both the creep temperature effect and physical aging effect, starting from the Boltzmann superposition principle. In modeling, these two effects both contribute to the transient compliance and result in the increase and decrease of the transient compliance. Time–temperature/aging time superposition principle is adopted to deal with the influences of temperature and physical aging. This theoretical model is further implemented numerically within a finite element framework. To verify the newly proposed model, not only the experimental and numerical results of the tensile deformations of laminates are compared, but also the bending deformations of structural components made from the above laminates are analyzed.Highlights
Tensile creep tests were done for carbon fiber/epoxy laminates.
The strain shows creep temperature and aging effect (TE and AE).
New constitutive relation was proposed to describe the TE‐ and AE‐caused strains.
Structural‐level flexure creep tests and simulation analyses were conducted.
Through‐thickness tensile characterization and analysis of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites using digital image correlation and finite element modeling
Authors: Ayuso‐Faber P. , Uribe‐Riestra G. , Arana G. , Avilés F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDigital image correlation (DIC) and finite element analysis (FEA) are used to assess the cylindrical spool‐shaped ASTM D7291 and I‐beam‐shaped specimens for through‐thickness (TT) mechanical characterization of thick (~25 mm) fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites. The composites are made of E‐glass woven fabrics reinforcing a vinyl ester matrix. DIC full‐field measurements and FEA showed a rather uniform strain distribution within the gage section of the ASTM D7291 specimen. However, strain concentrations are revealed at the bondlines between the end‐tabs and the test specimen, in addition to strain gradients at the curved section of the specimen. DIC‐measured and FEA‐predicted strain fields of the I‐beam specimens exhibited a region of uniform strain distribution within the gage section larger than that of the ASTM D7291 specimen. Nevertheless, high stress concentrations at the fillet (curved flange‐to‐web transition) regions and some amount of web bending occur in the I‐beam specimen. Beyond providing the TT mechanical properties of the E‐glass woven/vinyl ester composites, the current work discusses advantages and caveats of both promising specimens, providing quantifications of stress concentration factors and length of zones were strains and stresses may be considered uniform.Highlights
Stress/strain distributions of through‐thickness tensile specimens are evaluated.
The main drawback of the spool‐shaped specimen is adhesive failure.
The modified I‐beam specimen shows acceptable stress concentration factors.
The modified I‐beam is adequate for strength and Poisson ratio characterization.
I‐beam specimens are easier to manufacture and do not require adhesive joints.
Effect of ultraviolet radiation on the low‐velocity impact and compression after impact performances of aerospace composite laminates
Authors: Liu Songjing , Li Zhe , Feng Yu , Zhang Teng , Ma Binlin , Wang Wenqian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe low‐velocity impact (LVI) characteristics and compression after impact (CAI) properties of aircraft composite laminates under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation were studied. Firstly, 0, 30, 60, 90 days of UV radiation experiments were carried out on the specimens to analyze the characteristics of the surface topography. Secondly, LVI experiments, the impact energies of 10, 17, and 25 J, were carried out on specimens to analyze the impact response laws and the characteristics of the impact instantaneous deformation. Finally, through CAI experiments and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques to clarify the influence mechanism of UV radiation on the residual compressive strength of specimens. The results showed that with the increase of UV radiation time, the shrinkage and erosion phenomena of the surface matrix and the exposure degree of the surface fibers were gradually increased, and the surface fibers were completely exposed after 90 days of radiation. At the same impact energy, with longer radiation time, the peak force gradually decreased (from 8673.86 to 7851.68 N at 17 J), the absorbed impact energy (from 9.48 to 11.13 J at 17 J) and maximum displacement (from 4.1 to 4.73 mm at 17 J) increased, the depth of pit on the impact surface decreased (from 0.213 to 0.14 mm at 17 J), and the internal damage projection area increased (from 906.68 to 1158.66 mm2 at 17 J). The compression damage of the specimens not exposed to/ exposed to UV radiation was mainly fiber cracking/interlayer delamination, respectively.Highlights
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation makes the matrix of surface shrink, the fibers exposure increase.
The Stage II has obvious oscillation phenomenon in four stages of the low‐velocity impact process.
With prolonged UV radiation, the projected area of internal damage expands.
The residual compressive load increases with the increase of UV radiation time.
On the interlaminar fracture behavior of carbon/epoxy laminates interleaved with fiber‐hybrid non‐woven veils
Authors: Wang S. , Akbolat M. Ç. , Katnam K. B. , Zou Z. , Potluri P. , Taylor J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of fiber‐hybrid non‐woven veils on the interlaminar fracture of out‐of‐autoclave carbon/epoxy laminates. The Mode‐I and Mode‐II interlaminar toughening performance and R‐curves behavior of out‐of‐autoclave composite laminates with carbon and thermoplastic fiber‐hybrid veils are investigated. Pure carbon veil (i.e., high‐stiffness fibers), pure polyphenylene sulfide veil (i.e., low‐stiffness fibers), and three variants of fiber‐hybrid carbon/polyphenylene sulfide veil with different fiber contents (i.e., combination of low‐ and high‐ stiffness fibers) are tested and compared for Mode‐I and Mode‐II interlaminar toughening performance. All the pure and fiber‐hybrid non‐woven veils used in this study have a fixed areal density (~20 g/m2). Resin infusion combined with out‐of‐autoclave curing is utilized to manufacture the laminates. The results show that the hybridization of carbon fibers with thermoplastic fibers can address the observed shortcomings of the pure carbon veils (i.e., unstable crack growth) and of the pure thermoplastic veils (i.e., falling R‐curve) in toughening interlaminar regions. Considering both the Mode‐I and Mode‐II interlaminar fracture behavior, it is shown that fiber‐hybrid non‐woven veil toughening offers rising R‐curves, constrained crack paths (inside the veil), and enhanced interlaminar fracture energies, which are desirable for structural applications.Highlights
Pure carbon/thermoplastic veils have shortcomings in interlaminar toughening.
Hyrid veils constrain crack path and offer rising R‐curve.
The weight ratio of hybrid veils affects crack paths and R‐curves.
A multiplex approach of MS, 1D‐, and 2D‐NMR metabolomics in plant ontogeny: A case study on Clusia minor L. organs (leaf, flower, fruit, and seed)
Authors: Noleto‐Dias Clarice , Farag Mohamed A. , Porzel Andrea , Tavares Josean F. , Wessjohann Ludger A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe genus Clusia L. is mostly recognised for the production of prenylated benzophenones and tocotrienol derivatives.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to map metabolome variation within Clusia minor organs at different developmental stages.Material and MethodsIn total 15 organs/stages (leaf, flower, fruit, and seed) were analysed by UPLC‐MS and 1H‐ and heteronuclear multiple‐bond correlation (HMBC)‐NMR‐based metabolomics.ResultsThis work led to the assignment of 46 metabolites, belonging to organic acids(1), sugars(2) phenolic acids(1), flavonoids(3) prenylated xanthones(1) benzophenones(4) and tocotrienols(2). Multivariate data analyses explained the variability and classification of samples, highlighting chemical markers that discriminate each organ/stage. Leaves were found to be rich in 5‐hydroxy‐8‐methyltocotrienol (8.5 μg/mg f.w.), while flowers were abundant in the polyprenylated benzophenone nemorosone with maximum level detected in the fully mature flower bud (43 μg/mg f.w.). Nemorosone and 5‐hydroxy tocotrienoloic acid were isolated from FL6 for full structural characterisation. This is the first report of the NMR assignments of 5‐hydroxy tocotrienoloic acid, and its maximum level was detected in the mature fruit at 50 μg/mg f.w. Seeds as typical storage organ were rich in sugars and omega‐6 fatty acids.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a comparative 1D‐/2D‐NMR approach to assess compositional differences in ontogeny studies compared with LC‐MS exemplified by Clusia organs. Results derived from this study provide better understanding of the stages at which maximal production of natural compounds occur and elucidate in which developmental stages the enzymes responsible for the production of such metabolites are preferentially expressed.
Impact of high‐risk prenatal screening results for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome on obstetric and neonatal management: Secondary analysis from the SMART study
Authors: Martin Kimberly , Norton Mary E. , MacPherson Cora , Demko Zachary , Egbert Melissa , Haeri Sina , Malone Fergal , Wapner Ronald J. , Roman Ashley S. , Khalil Asma , Faro Revital , Madankumar Rajeevi , Strong Noel , Silver Robert , Vohra Nidhi , Hyett Jon , Kao Charlly , Hakonarson Hakon , Jacobson Bo , Dar Pe'er 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveOne goal of prenatal genetic screening is to optimize perinatal care and improve infant outcomes. We sought to determine whether high‐risk cfDNA screening for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) affected prenatal or neonatal management.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis from the SMART study. Patients with high‐risk cfDNA results for 22q11.2DS were compared with the low‐risk cohort for pregnancy characteristics and obstetrical management. To assess differences in neonatal care, we compared high‐risk neonates without prenatal genetic confirmation with a 1:1 matched low‐risk cohort.ResultsOf 18,020 eligible participants enrolled between 2015 and 2019, 38 (0.21%) were high‐risk and 17,982 (99.79%) were low‐risk for 22q11.2DS by cfDNA screening. High‐risk participants had more prenatal diagnostic testing (55.3%; 21/38 vs. 2.0%; 352/17,982, p < 0.001) and fetal echocardiography (76.9%; 10/13 vs. 19.6%; 10/51, p < 0.001). High‐risk newborns without prenatal diagnostic testing had higher rates of neonatal genetic testing (46.2%; 6/13 vs. 0%; 0/51, P < 0.001), echocardiography (30.8%; 4/13 vs. 4.0%; 2/50, p = 0.013), evaluation of calcium levels (46.2%; 6/13 vs. 4.1%; 2/49, P < 0.001) and lymphocyte count (53.8%; 7/13 vs. 15.7%; 8/51, p = 0.008).ConclusionsHigh‐risk screening results for 22q11.2DS were associated with higher rates of prenatal and neonatal diagnostic genetic testing and other 22q11.2DS‐specific evaluations. However, these interventions were not universally performed, and >50% of high‐risk infants were discharged without genetic testing, representing possible missed opportunities to improve outcomes for affected individuals.
Study on the lubrication behavior of low molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐n‐butyl acrylate‐co‐vinyl acetate) ternary copolymer in rigid PVC
Authors: Song Changtong , Shu Hongyi , Zhang Xianhong , Ma Yuhong , Chen Dong , Yang Wantai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHerein, low molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐n‐butyl acrylate‐co‐vinyl acetate) (PCBV) ternary copolymers with varied copolymer composition was employed as a novel polymeric lubricant in rigid PVC. The lubrication effect of PCBVs on the melting process and mechanical properties of the final PVC products were fully investigated. The results indicated that PCBV can serve either as an internal or as an external lubricant depending on its composition. PCBV‐45.5 terpolymer (PBA% ~ 45.5%) exhibits outstanding balance both internal and external lubricating roles. SEM‐EDS results show that addition PCBV‐45.5 form a film on the surface of PVC grains as similar as that adding both internal and external lubricants. Fusion characteristics and DMTA demonstrate that PCBV‐45.5 prolongs the fusion time (26% extension, 1.5 phr) and reduces the glass transition temperature (4.0 °C, 1.5 phr). Finally, the mechanical properties of rigid PVC have been greatly improved by using 1.5 phr PCBV‐45.5. In detail, the tensile strength increased from 54 to 59 MPa and the elongation at break increased from 10% to 30%, respectively. Meanwhile, the impact strength of PVC/PCBV‐45.5 is 3.6 times that of the blend without addition. The excellent performance of PCBV exhibited great potential as a polymeric lubricant candidate in rigid PVC composites.