bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiopsy in healthy rabbit corneas. A long‐term study
Authors: Kompa Sirpa , Ehlert Eike , Reim Martin , Schrage Norbert F. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: Corneal biopsies are important in diagnosing multiple corneal diseases. They were previously performed by way of keratectomy, a method that causes corneal opacity and topographic changes due to scarring. Microbiopsy is a new way to perform corneal biopsies. Before microbiopsy may be performed on human corneas, the safety of this procedure has to be proved concerning clinical development, histological changes and topographic changes after multiple biopsies.Methods: The healthy right cornea of 24 rabbits was punctured. 12 microtrephinations in 4 different symmetric patterns were performed. The clinical development of the bioptic sites as well as the topographic changes were observed over 5 months. After enucleation, serial sections of the corneas were analysed histologically.Results: Out of 294 performed biopsies, 291 samples could be collected. 4 perforations occurred. The initial epithelial defect closed within 3 days. A pale stromal scar remained. The histological analysis of these scars showed a facette underlined by a dense hypocellular fibrous layer and a typical star‐shaped figure consisting of a loose hypercellular stromal tissue. Only dioptric power of corneas with circle‐pattern showed a statistically significant decrease.Conclusion: Micropuncture is a safe and efficient bioptic procedure. Even 12 micropunctures do not lead to significant changes of dioptric power in most patterns. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the reproducibility of refractive changes by circle patterns and corrections of astigmatisms.
Hyperfluorescence associated with serous retinal pigment epithelial detachment on indocyanine green angiography
Authors: Parodi Maurizio Battaglia , Saviano Sandro , Bondel Elvio , Panetta Paolo , Iustulin Daniele , Fachin Sandro , Ravalico Giuseppe 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: Indocyanine green angiography has been reported to improve detection and delineation of occult choroidal neovascularisation in serous pigment epithelium detachment in age‐related macular degeneration. The study aims to evaluate the visual acuity results of eyes affected by serous pigment epithelium detachment in age‐related macular degeneration, having had indocyanine green‐directed laser photocoagulation, and to correlate them to the pattern of serous pigment epithelium detachment on indocyanine green angiography.Methods: Thirty‐four eyes of 31 patients affected by serous pigment epithelium detachment in age‐related macular degeneration were prospectively considered. Each patient underwent an ophthalmological examination including fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography one day before, and 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months and 24 months after krypton‐laser treatment. The serous pigment epithelium detachment was classified in the late‐phases angiograms as either hypofluorescent, isofluorescent or hyperfluorescent comparing the fluorescence of the serous pigment epithelium detachment with the choroidal background fluorescence.Results: The indocyanine green‐guided laser treatment was associated with a temporary stabilization and a long‐term progressive reduction of visual acuity: after 24 months visual acuity improved in 2.9%, stabilized in 26.5% and worsened in 70.5% of cases. Serous pigment epithelium detachment presenting a pretreatment hyperfluorescence had a final visual acuity of 0.06, with subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation development in 100% of cases, whereas serous pigment epithelium detachment presenting a pretreatment hypofluorescence and isofluorescence showed a final visual acuity of 0.12, with subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation development in 43.5% of eyes, with statistically significant difference.Conclusion: Overall visual acuity decreases with time after indocyanine green‐guided laser treatment of choroidal neovascularisation in serous pigment epithelium detachment, and serous pigment epithelium detachment becoming hyperfluorescent in the late‐phases of indocyanine green angiography has the worst functional outcome.
Arterial crimping in branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema
Authors: Erdρl Hidayet , Akyol Nurettin 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To evaluate the effects of arterial crimping plus grid pattern laser photocoagulation on the macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion.Patients and methods: Seventy two eyes (70 patients) with macular edema due to BRVO were divided into two similar groups according to age, gender, location and extent of the occluded area. Grid pattern laser photocoagulation alone was applied in 34 eyes (group A), whereas arterial crimping plus grid pattern laser was used in 38 eyes (group B). Visual acuity, central 30 degree perimetry, and fundus fluorescein angiography were carried out in all patients at each examination. Patients were followed up for an average of 23 mo (ranging from 11 to 34 mo).Findings: A rate of 62% and 79% improvement in macular edema was recorded in groups A and B, respectively (p=0.057). The perimetric performance value improved more in group B than in group A (p=0.028). In addition, visual acuity improved more in group B than group A (p=0.041).Conclusion: In patients with BRVO, grid pattern retinal photocoagulation treatment plus arterial crimping resulted in better visual performance two years after treatment than did grid pattern photocoagulation alone.
Visual field defects in patients taking vigabatrin
Authors: Midelfart Anna , Midelfart Erik , Brodtkorb Eylert 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate visual field loss in patients on long‐term treatment with the antiepileptic drug vigabatrin, recently reported to cause visual disturbances.Methods: Eighteen patients taking vigabatrin for 0.5–9.5 years were examined with automated perimetry up to 60° from fixation using the Humphrey Field Analyser. Five patients with epilepsy receiving other medications served as controls. Patients found to have a visual field defect underwent ophthalmologic examination.Results: Among the 18 patients in the vigabatrin group, visual field defects categorised as mild were revealed in 6 right eyes (33%) and 8 left eyes (44.4%), while defects categorised as severe were found in 9 right eyes (50%) and 8 left eyes (44.4%). The majority of the defects (66.7% in the right eye) were peripheral constriction with nasal predominance. The location of the defects was confirmed in 8 patients also tested with Kowa AP340 perimetry.Conclusion: According to our results, visual field defects among the patients on vigabatrin therapy may occur more frequently than previously recognised.
Retinitis pigmentosa associated with peripheral sea fan neovascularization
Authors: Kadayıfçılar Sibel , Eldem Bora , Kıratlı Hayyam 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To describe a case with retinitis pigmentosa associated with sea fan type retinal neovascularization.Methods: Complete ocular examination including fluorescein angiography was performed in a 9‐year‐old girl.Results: Ophthalmoscopically, in addition to arteriolar narrowing and bone corpuscular pigmentation of both retinae, a vascular lesion with surrounding intraretinal exudation was noted in the upper equatorial region of the right eye. On fluorescein angiography, the lesion stained in the form of a sea fan neovascularization.Conclusion: Sea fan type of neovascularization can be seen in association with retinitis pigmentosa. Fluorescein angiography is important in identifying the exact nature of such a lesion.
Complicated eyelid reconstruction after an unusual glabellar flap repair
Authors: Bajaj M. S. , Sethi Anita 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Remote flaps may be used for lid reconstruction when tissue loss is extensive and there is insufficient tissue in the adjoining areas. Median forehead flaps are usually used for upper lid, medial canthal or nasal repairs. We describe a complicated reconstruction of the lid and correction of a deformity which resulted from the injudicious use of a glabellar flap for lower lid repair.Improper use of a median forehead flap may interfere with the functioning of the lid, leading to corneal exposure and poor cosmesis. Lower lid defects are better repaired by advancement flaps or techniques like Tenzel's semicircular flap, reverse Cutler Beard, Hughes procedure or Mustarde's repair.
Conjunctival papilloma
Authors: Sjö Nicolai , Heegaard Steffen , Prause Jan Ulrik 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To determine morphological and clinical characteristics of conjunctival papilloma.Methods: Specimens of conjunctival papilloma registered during the period 1983–1997 were collected. For each case the patient's sex and age, number of papillomas/patient, seasonal debut, duration, number of recurrences, localisation and presence of dysplasia and/or inflammation in the papilloma were registered.Results: A total of 245 papillomas in 219 patients were found. 132 (60.3%) of the patients were males. The age distribution showed skewness to the left with a peak in the age groups 20–29 years and 30–39 years. No variation of seasonal debut was found. 14 patients (6%) had more than one papilloma concurrently. 24 (11%) of the patients had recurrence. Most of the papillomas were located medially and inferiorly. 98 (40%) of the papillomas were inflamed. 14 (6%) of the papillomas were dysplastic.Conclusion: The conjunctival papilloma is a common tumour. More males than females develop conjunctival papillomas and the incidence is highest among patients aged 20–39 years. The conjunctival papilloma is primarily located medially and inferiorly.
Epithelial changes in early primary herpes simplex virus keratitis. Photomicrographic observations in a case of human infection
Authors: Tabery Helena M. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To report the morphology of early corneal epithelial changes in primary herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV 1), and to compare it to that of recurrent HSV 1 and adenovirus keratitis.Methods: A 23‐year‐old man examined with the slit lamp and photographed by non‐contact in vivo photomicrography.Results: 3 days after onset the cornea showed myriads of clear epithelial vesicles, two rounded limbal epithelial foci, and scattered, faintly discernible incipient ones. On day 5 several partly confluent foci, and on day 6 typical HSV dendrites were present. HSV 1 was isolated. Serological tests confirmed primary disease.Conclusion: The early stage of primary HSV epithelial keratitis differed from recurrent disease by the presence of large numbers of clear vesicles. The photographs, however, captured similar early changes as in recurrent disease, and the subsequent development followed the same pattern. The main sign differentiating primary HSV from adenovirus infections was the early presence of epithelial foci with ulcerative features.
Diode laser photocoagulation of choroidal neovascularization associated with retinal pigment epithelial detachment
Authors: Gomez‐Ulla Francisco , Gonzalez Francisco , Abelenda Dolores , Rodríguez‐Cid María José 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Aims/Background:Association of choroidal neovascularization with pigment epithelial detachment is not an uncommon feature. Since this condition usually has a poor visual outcome, new treatments should be developed.Methods: We studied the anatomical and visual results of 11 eyes with this association as a manifestation of an Exudative Age Related Macular Degeneration which were treated with diode laser photocoagulation guided by indocyanine green angiography. The average follow up time was 25.5 months (from 12 to 48 months).Results: Complete closure with complete resolution of the exudates and flattening of the detachment was observed in five eyes (45%). Visual acuity in the final examination improved or remained stable in 6 cases (55%).Conclusion: These results indicate that diode laser photocoagulation guided by indocyanine green angiography is at least as effective as conventional lasers with shorter wavelengths for treatment of vascularized pigment epithelial detachments in Age Related Macular Degeneration.
Cortical lens opacification in Iceland
Authors: Katoh Nobuyo , Jonasson Fridbert , Sasaki Hiroshi , Kojima Masami , Ono Masaji , Takahashi Nobuo , Sasaki Kazuyuki ,   Reykjavik Eye Study Group
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: Cortical lens opacification has been associated with outdoor exposure and UV radiation more than other types of lens opacification. We studied risk factors for cortical lens opacification only, the most common as well as the earliest age related change we observe in the lens.Methods: 1,045 persons, 583 females and 462 males, 50 years and older, underwent a detailed eye examination and answered a questionnaire. Participants with cortical lens opacification grade I, totalling 374 persons, were assigned to case‐control study I, and to case‐control study II those with cortical lens opacification grades II and III, totalling 82 subjects. 378 age and sex matched persons served as controls.Results: Those who spent more than 4 hours/day outside on weekdays, in their 20’s–30’s and 40’s–50’s respectively, were found to have increased risk of moderate to severe cortical lens opacification. Thus the relative risk for grades II & III, was 2.80 (95% CI 1.01–7.80) and 2.91 (95% CI 1.13–9.62) respectively. Ageing and systemic cortical steroids use were also found to be risk factors.Conclusion: Outdoor exposure appears to be associated with increased risk of moderate to severe cortical lens opacification. Ageing is, however, the main risk factor.
Interferon‐alfa treatment of facial infantile haemangiomas
Authors: Fledelius H. C. , Illum N. , Jensen H. , Prause J. U. 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To report on the efficacy of systemic Interferon‐alfa therapy in controlling the endothelial proliferation in expanding facial haemangiomas of infancy threatening the eye.Methods: The series comprised 9 subjects with facial haemangiomas of rapid growth within the first few months of life. All haemangiomas had relation to an eyelid and affected the visual access to the eye. At least three tumours were also intraorbital, and in one case the glottis was affected. Interferon‐alfa was given subcutaneously in daily doses of 3 mio units/m2. Ophthalmic follow‐up including ultrasound evaluation was done, initially with intervals of 4–8 weeks.Results: Interferon‐alfa was given over 9–41 weeks (median duration 22 weeks) in cumulated doses of 63–287 million units. Progression was arrrested in all and with a subsequent tumour regression considered accelerated as judged from earlier clinical giant haemangioma experience. A control series was not possible. One patient had systemic prednisone added over some weeks. Two infants reacted with a flu‐like malaise. A premature infant developed a slight spastic diplegia.Conclusions: In the 9 infants with growing ophthalmic haemangiomas we recorded a good response to systemic Interferon‐alfa administered as daily doses by subcutaneous injection. In general the treatment appeared well tolerated. During clinical follow‐up diagnostic ultrasound evaluation (the depth dimension) proved helpful; in particular there was a sparing effect on CT and MRI scans which require general anaesthesia.
Visual evoked potentials in relation to visual acuity in macular disease
Authors: Negishi Chisako , Takasoh Michihiko , Fujimoto Naoya , Tsuyama Yoshihiko , Adachi‐Usami Emiko 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT. Purpose: To investigate how central retinal function contributes to pattern visual evoked cortical potentials (PVECPs), we recorded transient and steady‐state PVECPs in patients with macular disease and compared the results with those of patients with optic neuritis. The results were also evaluated for correlation with visual acuity and kinetic perimetric measurements.Methods: PVECPs to 3 rev/s stimulation (transient) and 12 rev/s stimulation (steady‐state) for check sizes 15′ and 30′ were obtained from all patients and age‐matched healthy controls. The peak latency and amplitude of the P100 component of the transient VECP and the amplitudes of the steady‐state VECP were measured and evaluated.Results: Patients with macular disease produced significant delay of P100 latency and amplitude attenuation of the steady‐state VECP, as compared with healthy subjects. P100 latency delay was less in patients with macular disease than in those with optic neuritis, while the attenuation rate of the steady‐state VECP amplitude was similar between groups. Visual acuity was correlated with P100 latency and steady‐state VECP amplitude reduction.Conclusions: Although the delay of latency was less in patients with macular disease than in those with optic neuritis, the electrophysiologic alterations that occur in macular disease demonstrate a potential for diagnostic value at the level of the retina.
Bilateral Coats' disease: long‐term follow up
Authors: Alexandridou Anastassia , Stavrou Panagiota 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose: To report on the long‐term follow‐up of a female patient with bilateral Coats' disease, who showed marked asymmetry between the two eyes.
Methods:
A five year old girl presented in 1978 with leukocoria in a blind right eye. A total exudative retinal detachment and extensive retinal telangiectasiae were noted. In the other eye, there was a localized area of retinal exudation and vascular abnormality in the supero‐temporal periphery. Ultrasonography showed no evidence of intraocular tumour in the right eye and a clinical diagnosis of bilateral Coats' disease was made.Results: In 1995, the area or retinal exudation in the left eye increased and laser photocoagulation was applied successfully. To date, no disease recurrences have occurred.Conclusion: Although Coats' disease is usually unilateral, bilateral, asymmetrical involvement may occur on rare occasions. Long‐term follow‐up of the least affected eye is necessary so that late complications can be identified early and treated adequately to prevent visual loss.
Screening for amblyopia and strabismus with the Lang II stereo card
Authors: Ohlsson Josefin , Villarreal Gerardo , Sjöström Anders , Abrahamsson Maths , Sjöstrand Johan 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To evaluate the effectiveness of the Lang II stereo card as a screening test for amblyopia and/or strabismus.Methods:  A total of 1046 children aged 12–13 years were examined in a field study in the Göteborg area, Sweden. In addition to the Lang II stereo card, the examination included visual acuity, cover testing, cycloplegic refraction, and inspection of the optical media and posterior pole.Results:  If every incorrect subject response was considered a reason for referral, the Lang II test would have correctly identified 82% (23 subjects) of the 28 children with manifest strabismus and 38% (11 subjects) of the 29 children with amblyopia. The test failed to refer 45% (21 subjects). Of all subjects referred, 44 (63%) were found to be ophthalmologically normal.Conclusions:  The Lang II stereo card is neither a reliable nor an efficient method of screening for amblyopia and/or strabismus.
High dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy versus oral prednisone for thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy
Authors: Kauppinen‐Mäkelin Ritva , Karma Anni , Leinonen Eeva , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Salonen Oili , Sane Timo , Setälä Kirsi , Viikari Jorma , Heufelder Armin , Välimäki Matti 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To compare the effectiveness of intravenous (i.v.) methylprednisolone pulse therapy and oral prednisone when used as the initial treatment of patients with mild or moderate thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy.Methods:  Thirty‐three consecutive patients with thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy in Helsinki and Turku University Hospitals were randomly assigned either i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy (group A, n = 18) or oral prednisone (group B, n = 15). Treatment outcomes were measured by subjective changes in the grade of diplopia and quantitatively in several ophthalmic variables at 3 and 12 months. Any decision to proceed with additional treatment at 3 months was made on clinical grounds. The study was open in respect of both the initial treatment and the need for additional therapy.Results:  No significant differences in the grade of diplopia, proptosis or soft tissue activity scores were noted between groups A and B from 0 to 3 months. However, group A required additional forms of therapy at 3 months less frequently than did group B (p = 0.038).Conclusions: Our data suggest that i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy and oral prednisone are equally effective as initial treatments for thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy where diplopia, proptosis and signs of soft tissue inflammation are concerned. When additional treatment is required, i.v. methylprednisolone pulse therapy may be more effective than oral prednisone. However, the study's limitations meant that any decision to give additional treatment after the initial therapy was made on clinical grounds.
Effects of sympathetic denervation on the hyaluronan content of the anterior segment in the normal and traumatized rabbit eye
Authors: Koralewska‐Makár Anna , Johnsson Cecilia , Bruun Anitha , Stenevi Ulf , Ehinger Berndt 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To determine whether there is any involvement of sympathetic nerves in the regulation of ocular hyaluronan production in the normal and traumatized rabbit iris.Methods:  Unilateral sympathetic denervation was performed by removing the right superior cervical ganglion. Hyaluronan concentrations in the iris and aqueous were measured with a radiometric assay at various time intervals after denervation. Peripheral iridectomy was also performed in both denervated and non‐denervated eyes.Results:  Hyaluronan concentrations in the iris tissue after denervation were observed to have increased after 1 day, reaching a peak of 129.6 ± 5.7 µg/g wet weight at day 3. Two weeks later, hyaluronan concentrations had fallen back to normal levels. Ocular trauma with peripheral iridectomy in denervated eyes caused an increase of hyaluronan content of up to 253.5 ± 30.5 µg/g wet weight, which was not significantly different from hyaluronan concentrations observed after the same trauma in non‐denervated eyes.Conclusion:  Cervical sympathetic denervation results in a moderate increase of the hyaluronan content in the rabbit iris and does not appear to influence the hyaluronan response of the iris to trauma.
No evidence of association between GT/CA‐repeat polymorphism in the GLC1A gene promoter and primary open‐angle or exfoliation glaucoma
Authors: Sjöstrand Anna , Tomic Lidia , Larsson Lill‐Inger , Wadelius Claes 
Published: March 2003

ABSTRACT.Purpose:  To investigate whether variants of the polymorphic GT/CA‐repeat in the regulatory sequences of the gene for GLC1A are associated with glaucoma. Mutations in the protein coding region of this gene are known to cause juvenile autosomal dominant glaucoma and are also found in a subset of cases with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods:  Samples were collected from 197 patients with exfoliation glaucoma and 157 patients with POAG as well as from 92 healthy blood donors. The variable repeat located 342 base pairs upstream of the translational initiation site, was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and detected on an ABI 377 DNA sequencer.Results:  Five alleles were detected, ranging in size from 13 to 17 repeat units, the most common of which was 14 repeat units. This was present in 63.7%, 66.6% and 61.4% of the two cohorts of cases and the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the alleles between the control group and the two patient groups, respectively.Conclusion:  The present investigation provides no evidence that the variable repeat located in the regulatory sequences of the glaucoma gene GLC1A is associated with the risk of developing POAG or exfoliation glaucoma.