bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign ¡Ándale! ¿Qué Esperas? in Latinx Communities in California, June 2021–May 2022
Authors: Nawaz Saira , Moon Kyle J. , Anagbonu Francis , Trinh Anne , Escobedo Lizette , Montiel Gloria Itzel 
Published: November 2023

Objectives: The 12-month vaccination campaign ¡Ándale! ¿Qué Esperas? was launched to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates in Latinx populations in California by expanding community outreach. The objectives of this evaluation were to (1) determine predictors of vaccination rates and (2) identify barriers to vaccination and potential solutions. Methods: Five community partners in California serving Latinx populations with high social vulnerability participated in the ¡Ándale! ¿Qué Esperas? campaign. Community health workers were hired to deliver outreach (virtual, one-on-one, group based, and information dissemination), vaccinations, and supportive services. We collected data on outreach strategy used (method and location), number of vaccinations provided and reasons for delay, and number of times that supportive services were provided. We used regression models to assess significant predictors of vaccinations and supportive services. Results: Community health workers (N = 146) hired from June 1, 2021, through May 31, 2022, performed outreach engagements (n = 6297) and supportive services (n = 313 796), resulting in 130 413 vaccinations and 28 660 vaccine appointments. The number of vaccinations administered was significantly higher at events in which supportive services were provided versus not provided (coefficient = 34.02; 95% CI, 3.34-64.68; P = .03). The odds ratio of supportive services was 3.67 (95% CI, 1.76-7.55) during virtual outreach and 2.95 (95% CI, 2.37-3.69) during one-on-one outreach ( P < .001 for both) as compared with information dissemination encounters. Vaccination concerns were reported among 55.0% of vaccinated survey respondents (67.7%, vaccine confidence; 51.7%, access). Conclusions: Supportive services facilitate vaccinations, ease transportation and time barriers, and instill confidence among working-class racial and ethnic minority populations.
Impact of the Russian–Ukrainian War on the National Economy of Russia
Authors: Semenenko Oleh , Sliusarenko Maryna , Onofriichuk Andrii , Onofriichuk Vitalii , Remez Artem 
Published: November 2023

At the moment, the first phase of the military confrontation between Russia and Ukraine, which began in February 2022, is reaching its logical end: A certain front line has already been established and the economic state in which the countries are is becoming clearer. That is why the evaluation and forecasting of the military, economic and demographic impact of the war on other countries become relevant. This work examines what losses Russia received due to its actions. In the article, the authors examine the issue of the impact of the war in Ukraine on the Russian economy, as well as a retrospective forecast of the impact of Russia’s military operations on its national economy. Attention is focused on military and demographic aspects, as well as on the results of the impact of various types of sanctions. The main method that was used in the work can be considered modelling; however, in addition to it, analysis, historical method, graphic and others were also used. The practical results of the analysis showed that the government of the Russian Federation announced the transition to a command mobilisation economy, and today its first consequences are already visible in the form of rising prices and devaluation of the national currency. In addition, it was shown that despite the large number of sanctions imposed on Russia, the country has not yet felt the full consequences. The issue of how the defence economy of the Russian Federation is developing, how the military budget of Russia has changed over the past 11 years, and how the war in Ukraine affected the demographic situation has been examined. In the section on the impact of the war on the economy of the Russian Federation, it is shown that modernised production and industries will suffer the most from such actions, which will lead to a powerful technological lag. The article brings new knowledge for understanding the current functioning of the Russian economy and in the near future, as well as for making assessments of the possible future course of the war. JEL: H56, N4, J11, R11
Assessment of skin and associated soft tissue changes with ultrasonography in chronic venous disease
Authors: Girdhani Bhavna , Savlania Ajay , Vaddavalli Venkata Vineeth , Behera Arunanshu , Gorsi Ujjwal , Kaman Lileshwar , Soundarajan Raghuraman 
Published: November 2023

Objective Chronic venous disease (CVD) is accompanied by a spectrum of skin changes. The aim of this study was to assess skin changes in CVD in different classes of the classifications such as the Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification using ultrasound (US). Methods This study was conducted from July 2020 to July 2021 after obtaining approval from Institutional Ethical Committee. Patients with chronic venous insufficiency were enrolled after taking informed consent. Assessment of cutaneous layer (CL), subcutaneous layer (SCL), dermo-hypodermal junction (D-HJ), and other significant US findings were noted. Results Ninety-eight limbs were evaluated. Most common skin finding was dermal edema in 59 (60.2%) legs. Other findings included infiltrates, CL thickening, hyper echogenicity and thickening of SCL, anechoic lacunae, disappearance of D-HJ, and epidermal loss or change in thickness of epidermis. Notably, US detected dermal edema in 15 and infiltrates in five C2 legs (normal on inspection). Conclusion US evaluation of skin changes adds insight to clinical assessment and may reveal skin changes in legs affected with CVD that may appear normal on clinical examination.
Hyperdopaminergia in rats is associated with reverse effort-cost dependent performance
Authors: Savchenko Artem , Belozertseva Irina , Leo Damiana , Sukhanov Ilya 
Published: November 2023

Background: Dopamine is implicated in the effort-based control of motivational processes; however, whether tonic dopamine regulates the effort-cost impact on motivation, is still debated. Aims: The rats lacking the dopamine transporter (DAT), which have dramatically increased levels of the synaptic dopamine, were used in the present study to elucidate the role of the synaptic dopamine in motivational processes. Methods: To study the reward-related processes, the progressive ratio 3 (PR3) operant schedule of food reinforcement (the ratio increases by 3 after each earned reinforcer) was performed in adult male rats (DAT knockouts (DAT-KO), heterozygotes (DAT-HT) and wild-types (DAT-WT)). Results: During the PR3 session, the response rate of DAT-KO rats was gradually increased following the augmented required number of responses. In contrast, the local response rate of DAT-WT and DAT-HT decreased. d-Amphetamine sulfate salt (3 mg/kg, i.p.) altered the local response rate dynamics in DAT-WT, which became similar to that of DAT-KO. Interestingly, the reduction in response rate at low effort demands was associated with decreased rate of entries into the magazine tray in DAT-WT rats treated with amphetamine (3 mg/kg) but not in DAT-KO rats. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the elevated tonic synaptic dopamine can strongly affect motivation/effort-cost relation in rodents.
Length Changes of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament During In Vivo Knee Motion: An Evaluation Using Dynamic Computed Tomography
Authors: Boot Miriam R. , van de Groes Sebastiaan A.W. , Dunning Hans , Tanck Esther , Janssen Dennis 
Published: November 2023

Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is associated with high complication rates because of graft overloading from incorrect graft positioning. To improve clinical outcomes, it is crucial to gain a better understanding of MPFL elongation patterns. Purpose: To assess MPFL length changes in healthy knees from 0° to 90° of dynamic flexion and their relationship with anatomic parameters of the patellofemoral joint. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Dynamic computed tomography scans of an active flexion-extension-flexion movement in 115 knees from 63 healthy participants were evaluated to construct knee joint models. Using these models, the MPFL length was measured as the shortest wrapping path from the Schöttle point on the femur to 3 insertion points on the superomedial border of the patella (proximal, central, and distal). MPFL length changes (%) relative to the length in full extension were calculated, and their correlations with the tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, Caton-Deschamps index, and lateral trochlear inclination were analyzed. Results: The proximal fiber was the longest in full extension and progressively decreased to a median length of −6.0% at 90° of flexion. The central fiber exhibited the most isometric pattern during knee flexion, showing a median maximal decrease of 2.8% relative to the full extension length and no evident elongation. The distal fiber first slightly decreased in length but increased at deeper flexion angles. The median overall length changes were 4.6, 4.7, and 5.7 mm for the proximal, central, and distal patellar insertion, respectively. These values were either not or very weakly correlated with the tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove distance, Caton-Deschamps index, and lateral trochlear inclination when the anatomic parameters were within the healthy range. Conclusion: The median MPFL length changed by approximately 5 mm between 0° and 90° of flexion. Proximally, the length continuously decreased, indicating slackening behavior. Distally, the length increased at deeper flexion angles, indicating tightening behavior. Clinical Relevance: In MPFL reconstruction techniques utilizing the Schöttle point to establish the femoral insertion, one should avoid distal patellar insertion, as it causes elongation of the ligament, which may increase the risk for complications due to overloading.
Quantitative Assessment of Calf Muscle Volume, Strength, and Quality After Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair: A 1-Year Prospective Follow-up Study
Authors: Mashimo Shota , Nozaki Taiki , Amaha Kentaro , Tanaka Keita , Kubota Junya , Sato Hiroyuki , Kitamura Nobuto 
Published: November 2023

Background: A number of studies have reported that calf muscle atrophy is a common long-term problem after Achilles tendon repair; however, there is still a lack of data concerning early postoperative morphological changes in the calf muscle after surgery. Purpose: To investigate changes over time in calf muscle volume and fatty degeneration during 1 year after Achilles tendon repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A prospective 1-year serial magnetic resonance imaging study was carried out with 20 patients who underwent tendon repair for unilateral acute Achilles tendon rupture. The magnetic resonance imaging assessment in addition to clinical and functional evaluations was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The muscle volume of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius, soleus, and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and fatty degeneration of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius and soleus were measured for the calf muscles, and the relative volume and fatty degeneration changes in the affected leg compared with the healthy contralateral leg were calculated as a percentage ([injured/healthy control] × 100) to assess structural changes over time. Results: Muscle volumes of the medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, soleus, and FHL were 92.3%, 92.8%, 84.6%, and 95.9% at 12 months after surgery, respectively. Medial and lateral gastrocnemius and FHL muscle volumes improved over time and recovered to almost equal to that of the healthy side at 12 months after surgery. The soleus muscle volume did not recover significantly over time and was statistically significantly smaller than that of the healthy side at 12 months ( P = .029). Fatty degeneration rates of the medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus were 118.2%, 113.9% and 121.1% at 12 months after surgery, respectively. Fatty degeneration of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius did not change significantly, but there was a statistically significant increase in fatty degeneration of the soleus over time ( P < .001). Conclusion: Within the triceps surae muscle, the soleus was the most negatively affected by injury and repair for both muscle volume and fatty degeneration. Postoperative management to recover the soleus muscle function before a return to sporting activities should be considered in the future.
Perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic versus open versus robotic partial nephrectomy: Current Review
Authors: Wong Ruby , Patel Bijendra , Biyani Chandra Shekhar 
Published: November 2023

Background: Surgical treatment of small renal tumours remain gold-standard for individuals who are suitable candidates. Over the last decade, minimally invasive surgery has provided significant advancements within the field of urological surgery. However, there is still a debate on which surgical modality is superior. This study aims to review the current literature on perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic (LPN), open (OPN) and robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) using the standardised system, Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC). Methods: A literature search was performed on Cochrane, Embase and PubMed databases. Articles between January 2016 and December 2021 were included. Perioperative outcomes investigated include estimated blood loss (EBL), operating time (OT), conversion rate (CR), warm ischaemia time (WIT), positive surgical margin (PSM) and postoperative complications using CDC. Relevant pieces of literatures were analysed and data were extracted. Results: This study included 12 studies, with a total of 3908 patients. (LPN = 1120, OPN = 1206 and RPN = 1580). LPN demonstrated a lower overall EBL ( p = 0.004). There was no significant difference between OT ( p = 0.291), CR ( p = 0.200), WIT ( p = 0.760), PSM ( p = 0.549), CDC I ( p = 0.556), CDC II ( p = 0.779) and CDC⩾III ( p = 0.663) of the three surgical approaches. Conclusion: Compared with OPN and RPN, LPN demonstrated a lower EBL. All other perioperative outcomes demonstrated similar results between the three treatment modalities. Future large-scale, prospective, randomised studies is necessary to draw a definitive conclusion from this analysis.
Mindfulness-based Interventions as a Breakthrough on Occupational Stress of Working Professionals: A Trilogical Approach
Authors: Dinesh Tantri Keerthi , Shetty Ankitha 
Published: November 2023

Occupational stress is increasingly recognized as contributing to the deterioration of employees’ productivity and overall performance. Emerging research interest has gained significance in mindfulness in the workplace. Within this body of knowledge, research investigating the effects of mindfulness interventions on employee health and well-being has substantial practical implications for organizations. The current bibliometric study investigates the research landscape of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in the workplace as a breakthrough in occupational stress. The present research study aims to fill the gap in the literature by conducting a scientific and bibliometric mapping of occupational stress in employees, using a methodological trilogy with the application of SMART, Prisma and R bibliometric tools. The analysis focuses on the different trends implanted in using various keywords, authors and journals. A total of N = 642 data consisting of peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from the Scopus database. Research is carried out based on an average citation of 17.44 per document; the research also shows an average citation of 3.632 per year per document. This study fosters to provide an overview of the trends in journals, popular author keywords, authors and country collaboration with the respective source impact, which helps to provide information for researchers in the field of MBIs at the workplace that will set a futuristic potential to propel further with mindfulness training programmes at workplace, thus mitigating the stress levels and improving the well-being of the employees. Advancing scientific understanding by researching MBIs for occupational stress contributes to the body of knowledge of psychology, organizational behaviour and occupational health.
Drivers of Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Emerging Asian Economies
Authors: Dua Pami , Verma Neha 
Published: November 2023

This article examines the role of domestic and global factors in driving foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to Asian emerging economies. Conventional panel estimations do not adequately account for the interdependence among countries caused by common global shocks and spatial effects. This article, employing a novel technique, augments the panel cointegration estimations with a proxy for unobserved common factors extracted from the augmented mean group regression. Our estimations control for nonstationarity, endogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, and heterogeneity. Based on the data of six Asian emerging economies from 2000Q1 to 2019Q4, we find a significant impact of both push (global) and pull (domestic) factors in attracting FDI. Our policy implication suggests the sequential opening of the capital account with capital controls and macroprudential regulations in place. JEL Codes: F21, F30, F41
Filipino Americans’ Social and Cultural Experiences of Type 2 Diabetes Management: Cultural Paradox, Ownership, and Success Definition
Authors: Tolentino Dante Anthony , Brynes Mary E. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disproportionately affects Filipino Americans, they have not received much attention in the literature. Focusing on how Filipino Americans’ social and cultural contextual experiences affect their self-management is critical. This study examined T2DM self-management among Filipino Americans by describing their sociocultural experiences, strategies, and significance of self-management. Method: An interpretive descriptive qualitative design was used. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist. Results: Filipino Americans ( n = 19) with T2DM were interviewed. Three themes emerged: (a) cultural paradox of being Filipino American, (b) movement from invisibility to ownership of T2DM, and (c) definition of successful management of T2DM. Conclusion: Results contribute to a greater understanding of Filipino Americans’ T2DM self-management experiences. Implications include the provision of culturally congruent health care, being aware of Filipino Americans’ sociocultural experiences, and involvement of family/community.
Shell Versus Core Architecture and Biology of Thrombi in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mereuta Oana Madalina , Agarwal Tamanna , Ghozy Sherief , Dai Daying , Arul Santhosh , Brinjikji Waleed , Kallmes David F. , Kadirvel Ram 
Published: November 2023

Background The presence of an outer shell has been recently described as a common feature of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) thrombi. We performed a systematic review of the current literature on shell genesis, structure, and clinical significance. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies reporting the composition and structure of AIS thrombi and clot analogs. Identified studies were added to Covidence software for primary screening. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts followed by full-text screening. Results From 1290 identified studies, 10 were included in this review. Studies using histology/immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence described fibrin, platelets, von Willebrand factor, and neutrophil extracellular traps as the main components of the shell. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated a dense, compact fibrin/platelet-rich shell, and a core rich in polyhedrocytes. Microfluidics studies identified highly activated P-selectin-positive platelets and fibrin forming the core while secondary agonists adenosine diphosphate and thromboxane, along with loosely packed P-selectin-negative platelets constituted the shell. Conclusions The composition, compaction, and integrity of the shell may impact thrombolysis and revascularization outcomes. The preponderance of studies supported this conclusion.
Temporal effect of imatinib adherence on time to remission in chronic myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Clark Samantha E. , Marcum Zachary A. , Radich Jerry , Etzioni Ruth , Basu Anirban 
Published: November 2023

Introduction Adherence to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients is estimated to be as low as 70% despite its clinical benefit, and our understanding of the impact of nonadherence in this population is limited. This study presents a novel application of the Alternating Conditional Estimation (ACE) algorithm in newly diagnosed CML patients to map the full dose–response curve (DRC) and determine how the strength of this curve varies over time. Methods We applied the ACE algorithm alongside a backward elimination procedure to detect the presence of time dependence and nonlinearity in the relationship between imatinib adherence and time-to-remission. An extended Cox model allowing for the flexible modeling of identified effects via unpenalized B-splines was subsequently fit and assessed. Results The substantial improvement in model fit associated with the extended Cox approach suggests that traditional Cox proportional hazards model assumptions do not hold in this setting. Results indicate that the DRC for imatinib is non-linearly increasing, with an attenuated effect above a 74% adherence rate. The strength of this effect on remission varied over time and was strongest in the initial months of treatment, reaching a peak around 90 days post-initiation (log hazard ratio: 2.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.47 to 2.66). Conclusion Most patients that achieved remission did so by 4 months (120 days) with consistently high adherence, suggesting that this could be a critical time and duration for realizing treatment benefit and patient monitoring. Findings regarding the relationship between adherence and remission can additionally help guide the design of future studies.