bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in eating disorder populations
Authors: Bartel Sara , McElroy Susan L. , Levangie Danielle , Keshen Aaron 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1As) are being used as approved or off‐label treatments for weight loss. As such, there has been increasing concern about the potential for GLP‐1As to impact eating disorder (ED) symptomatology. This article seeks to (1) review the current state of knowledge regarding GLP‐1As and ED symptomatology; (2) provide recommendations for future research; and (3) guide ED clinicians in how to discuss GLP‐1As in clinical practice. Although evidence is limited, it is possible that GLP‐1As could exacerbate, or contribute to the development of, ED pathology and negatively impact ED treatment. Preliminary research on the use of GLP‐1As to treat binge eating has been conducted; however, studies have design limitations and additional research is needed. Therefore, at the current time there is not sufficient evidence to support the use of GLP‐1s to treat ED symptoms. In summary, more research is required before negative or positive conclusions can be drawn about the impact of GLP‐1As on EDs psychopathology. Herein, we provide specific recommendations for future research and a guide to help clinicians navigate discussions with their clients about GLP‐1As. A client handout is also provided.Public SignificanceDespite glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1As; e.g., semaglutide) increasingly being the topic of clinical and public discourse, little is known about their potential impact on ED symptoms. It is possible that GLP‐1As could maintain, worsen, or improve ED symptoms. This article reviews the limited literature on GLP‐1As and ED symptoms, recommends future research, and provides clinicians with a guide for discussing GLP‐1As with ED clients.
Exploring the potential of aqueous extracts of Artemisia annua ANAMED (A3) for developing new anti‐malarial agents: In vivo and silico computational approach
Authors: Apeh Victor Onukwube , Okafor Kennedy Chinedu , Chukwuma Ifeoma Felicia , Uzoeto Henrietta Onyinye , Chinebu Titus Ifeanyi , Nworah Florence Nkechi , Edache Emmanuel Israel , Okafor Ijeoma Peace , Anthony Okoronkwo Chukwunenye 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe emergence of resistance to current antimalarial drugs poses a significant challenge in the fight against malaria. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo antiplasmodial potential of the aqueous extract of fresh and dried leaves of A3 in Plasmodium berghei‐infected (P. berghei) mice. A 4‐day suppressive test was conducted, with infected BALB/c mice receiving artesunate and A3 extracts. The results showed that the tested doses of A3 attenuated the elevation of parasitemia induced by P. berghei, particularly at the dose of 400 mg/kg, and improved hematological indices. Computational techniques, including molecular docking, binding free energy calculations, and ADMET predictions, identified several bioactive compounds in A3 with promising inhibitory potential against lysyl‐tRNA synthetases and Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), the crucial enzymes targeted by antimalarial drugs. In this paper, Friedelin, Bauerenol, Epifriedelanol, Alpha‐Amyrenone, Stigmasterol, and beta‐Amyrin acetate were top‐ranked, having docking scores from −10.6 to −9.9 kcal/mol, compared with the −9.4 and −7.1 kcal/mol demonstrated by artesunate and chloroquine, respectively, as standard ligands. Also, it was shown that docking score from the Lysyl‐tRNA protein target (4YCV) ranged from −9.5 to −7.8 kcal/mol in comparison to artesunate (8.1 kcal/mol) and chloroquine (5.6 kcal/mol). The results suggest that the identified compounds in A3 could serve as potential candidates for the development of new anti‐malarial agents.
Survey of an online system for information to women with epilepsy of childbearing age and management during pregnancy: A 3‐year evaluation
Authors: Smith Malm Christofer , Klecki Judith , Lisovska Kristina , Zelano Johan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe developed an online tool for women with epilepsy consisting of two modules: one with information on pregnancy‐related issues (information module) and one for reminders about blood test and communication about dose changes (pregnancy module). Our aim was to assess perceived value, user‐friendliness and improvement of patient knowledge in users.MethodsThe system was launched in 2019 and patients invited by epilepsy nurses were asked to participate in a survey 1 month after the invitation for the information module, and 1 month postnatally for the pregnancy module.ResultsBy November 2022, the system had been used by 96 individuals out of 100 invited in the pregnancy module, in a total of 114 pregnancies. One hundred and eleven women had been invited to the information module, and 70 of these accessed it. The survey received 96 answers (44 information, 52 pregnancy). User‐friendliness was rated as good or very good by a little over half of the users; 55% in the information module and 52% in the pregnancy module. Among pregnant women, 83% found the TDM part useful and most would prefer a similar system in future pregnancies. Sixty‐four percent of users of the information module and 48% of the pregnancy module found that the system had increased their knowledge. Two knowledge questions were answered correctly by a significantly higher proportion of those that had accessed the online information.SignificanceThere was great demand for online communication during pregnancy and our experiences of implementation can hopefully assist digitalization of epilepsy care elsewhere. Online information also seems to increase knowledge about pregnancy‐related issues, but our invitation‐only method of inclusion was not effective for widespread dissemination. Patient‐initiated access with optional epilepsy‐team contact if questions arise could be an alternative.Plain Language SummaryWe have performed a survey of users of a new Internet‐based tool for information to women of childbearing age and communication about dose changes during pregnancy. Users were overall satisfied with the tool and answered some knowledge questions more accurately after accessing the information.
Development and optimization of a novel response‐amplified friction damper with different friction pairs
Authors: Gao Jingwei , Song ShouTan , Wang Chun‐Lin , Zeng Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the efficiency of friction dampers, a shear‐type response‐amplified friction damper (RAFD) was proposed, which utilized a lever mechanism to amplify the shear displacement and increase the sliding distance of friction pairs. Cyclic loading tests were conducted on 12 RAFD specimens to evaluate the effects of machining processes, friction materials, loading protocols, and bolt pretension on the mechanical performance of the specimens. The results showed that the RAFD specimens with NAO and brass friction pads exhibited plump hysteresis loops, and the bearing capacity, effective stiffness, energy dissipation, and equivalent viscous damping ratio all met the stability requirements of FEMA 356 for the friction damper. Reducing the clearance between pins and holes and strengthening the hole edges shortened the plateau near zero resistances of the hysteresis loops by 75%–90%. Furthermore, combined with rotational analysis of the lever, a design methodology for the RAFD specimen was developed. Based on the response amplification factor R, key mechanical indices such as bearing capacity and equivalent friction coefficient were derived, and a theoretical hysteresis model for the RAFD was constructed, which matched well with experimental results.
The role of cognitive reserve in mediating HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders in older adults living with‐treated HIV in Mbeya, Tanzania: A cross‐sectional observational study
Authors: M Sadler , E Kuhoga , N Thumma‐Reddy , E Chuma , K Said , Kaminyoge Mpoki Simioni , B Mussa , R Walker , G Livingston , W. K Gray , S.‐M Paddick , B Mbwele 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionHIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a spectrum of cognitive impairments in chronic HIV infection. HAND is common in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Older people appear to be at increased risk. It is unknown if cognitive reserve (CR), which is protective in neurodegenerative dementias, protects against HAND.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of CR and risk of HAND in an older cART‐treated population in SSA.MethodsCross‐sectional observational study completed in hospital outpatient clinics in Southwest Tanzania. We assessed HIV‐positive participants aged ≥50 years established on cART using a neuropsychological test battery, functional assessment, informant history and depression screen. Control participants were HIV‐negative individuals attending chronic disease clinics. We used operationalised Frascati criteria for HAND diagnosis. CR was measured using the Cognitive Reserve Index (CRI) and other proxy measures.ResultsThe prevalence of HAND was 64.4% (n = 219/343). Lower CRI score [odds ratio (OR) = 0.971, p = 0.009] and less formal education (OR = 4.364, p = 0.026) were independent risk factors for HAND but HIV‐severity measures were not. Unemployment and low‐skilled manual work were associated with increased risk of HAND in bivariate analysis but not in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsHigher total CRI score and more formal education appeared to be protective against HAND, in this cohort. Potentially, cognitively and socially stimulating activities and exercise could increase cognitive reserve in later life. Cognitive reserve could possibly be more important than HIV‐disease severity in risk of HAND in older people with treated HIV.
Knockout of NMDARs in CA1 and dentate gyrus fails to impair temporal control of conditioned behavior in mice
Authors: Strickland Jasmin A. , Austen Joseph M. , Sprengel Rolf , Sanderson David J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe hippocampus has been implicated in temporal learning. Plasticity within the hippocampus requires NMDA receptor‐dependent glutamatergic neurotransmission. We tested the prediction that hippocampal NMDA receptors are required for learning about time by testing mice that lack postembryonal NMDARs in the CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampal subfields on three different appetitive temporal learning procedures. The conditional knockout mice (Grin1ΔDCA1) showed normal sensitivity to cue duration, responding at a higher level to a short duration cue than compared to a long duration cue. Knockout mice also showed normal precision and accuracy of response timing in the peak procedure in which reinforcement occurred after 10 s delay within a 30 s cue presentation. Mice were tested on the matching of response rates to reinforcement rates on instrumental conditioning with two levers reinforced on a concurrent variable interval schedule. Pressing on one lever was reinforced at a higher rate than the other lever. Grin1ΔDGCA1 mice showed normal sensitivity to the relative reinforcement rates of the levers. In contrast to the lack of effect of hippocampal NMDAR deletion on measures of temporal sensitivity, Grin1ΔDGCA1 mice showed increased baseline measures of magazine activity and lever pressing. Furthermore, reversal learning was enhanced when the reward contingencies were switched in the lever pressing task, but this was true only for mice trained with a large difference between relative reinforcement rates between the levers. The results failed to demonstrate a role for NMDARs in excitatory CA1 and DG neurons in learning about temporal information.
Productivity of olive oil (Coratina variety) in response to irrigation treatments in sandy soil
Authors: Taha Ahmed Mohamed , Khalifa Hamdy E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA 2‐year field experiment was conducted on drip‐irrigated olive oil orchards (Coratina var.) on a private farm in the newly reclaimed sandy soil of the West Nile Delta region, Egypt, during the 2020 and 2021 seasons to evaluate the effect of five irrigation treatments (120%, 100%, 80% and 60% reference crop evapotranspiration [ETo] and farmer practice) on applied irrigation water (AIW), water consumptive use, olive fruit and oil yields and some fruit quality parameters, water use efficiency, water productivity, electric energy consumed, farm income and benefit–cost ratio and to develop local crop coefficients (Kc) and yield response factors (Ky). The results indicated that the 2‐year average AIW values were 9953 (17.9 m3/tree/year), 8484 (15.3 m3/tree/year), 6971 (12.5 m3/tree/year), 5480 (9.9 m3/tree/year) and 17,488 m3/ha (31.5 m3/tree/year) for the tested irrigation treatments. Olive fruit and oil yields and quality parameters were significantly affected by the tested treatments. The highest fruit and oil yields were recorded for the 120% ETo treatment. A seasonal Kc of 0.75 and a seasonal Ky of 0.83 were obtained. It can be concluded that producing oil from olive trees (Coratina var.) in sandy soils can be achieved by applying amounts of water equal to 80% or 60% ETo.
Eosinophilic esophagitis in children: A cross‐sectional study from a tertiary care center
Authors: Samanta Arghya , Poddar Ujjal , Kumari Niraj , Sen Sarma Moinak , Srivastava Anshu , Mishra Prabhakar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is rising in the West. However, data from the Indian subcontinent is limited. In this prospective cross‐sectional study, we estimated the prevalence of EoE among children undergoing elective upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE).MethodsWe enrolled 200 consecutive children (123 boys, median age 10.25 years [interquartile range 8.25–14.5]) between March 2020 and November 2022 at our center. Clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and laboratory parameters were noted. A total of 12 mucosal biopsies (3 each from the middle and lower third of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) were obtained. EoE was diagnosed if the peak eosinophil count was ≥15/high‐power field (HPF) in absence of gastric and duodenal eosinophilia.ResultsThe commonest indications for UGIE were gastroesophageal reflux disease‐like symptoms (29%), inflammatory bowel disease (22.5%), celiac disease (15%), and abdominal pain (13%). EoE was detected in seven children, suggesting an overall prevalence of 3.5%. Of the 20 children evaluated for dysphagia, 4 (20%) had EoE. Also, two of three (67%) children presented with food bolus impaction along with dysphagia had EoE. Of the seven children with EoE, three (43%) had bronchial asthma, two (28.5%) had peripheral eosinophilia, and one (14%) had elevated serum IgE. Trachealization and linear furrows were found in 57% and 71% cases, respectively. Four children received high‐dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) for 12 weeks, two received PPI+ stricture dilatation, and one received systemic steroids. All achieved clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological remission.ConclusionHospital‐based prevalence of EoE among children undergoing elective UGIE was 3.5%. EoE patients had favorable outcomes with PPI.
Metabolic and transcriptomic effects of Aphanothece sp. biostimulant on tomato plant growth and phosphorus acquisition
Authors: Mutale‐joan Chanda , Rachidi Farid , El Mernissi Najib , Aasfar Abderrahim , El Hadi Hicham , Sbabou Laila , Lyamlouli Karim , El Arroussi Hicham 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorus (P) fertilizers, made from rock phosphate, increase crop yields. However, rock phosphate is a finite resource, stressing the need for more P‐efficient crops.AimsThis study aims to exploit P‐adaptive traits that enhance P‐acquisition and P‐use efficiency in crops, as a potential sustainable P‐use management method in agricultural settings.MethodsThis study investigates the biostimulant effects of Aphanothece sp. extracts (ApE) on P absorption efficiency traits of tomato plants supplied with triple super phosphate fertilizer (0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mM Pi).ResultsApE extracts exhibited significant effects on P uptake, Lycopersicum esculentum high‐affinity phosphate transporter (LePT) genes, chlorophyll, and lipid contents, compared with control plants. ApE significantly enhanced leaf LePT4 in ApE‐treated plants supplied with 0.3 mM Pi, and root LePT2 in ApE‐treated plants supplied with 0.6 mM Pi. According to principal component analysis, P concentration in roots (root Pi) was closely associated with root dry weight (DW), root LePT2, and leaf LePT4. The phytohormone, gibberellin gibberellic acid 4, slightly correlated with root Pi, LePT2 (0.18), LePT4 (0.28), and more with root (0.72) and shoot DW (0.60), whereas abscisic acid correlated with chlorophyll content (0.60), LePT2 (0.50), and LePT4 (0.49), and slightly with root Pi (0.22). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis also showed that the application of ApE to plants stimulated the biosynthesis of several metabolites. The metabolic pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst revealed that ApE treatment induced the unsaturated fatty acid, steroid, cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis pathways.ConclusionsApE application to tomato plants stimulated P uptake by roots through enhanced expression of high‐affinity P transporters (root LePT2 and leaf LePT4), positively correlated with root DW and root Pi. The study also suggests that algal extracts stimulate plant growth through improved P uptake and modulate the plant's metabolic pathways that favor crop performance in tomato plants under normal Pi conditions.
A quality‐by‐design evaluated liquid chromatography method development and validation for the separation and quantification of nitroxoline and its impurities
Authors: Lankalapalli Santhi Priya , Rachel K. Vijaya , Chintala Vaishnavi , Kowtharapu Leela Prasad , Katari Naresh Kumar 
Published: December 2023

A novel, isocratic, sensitive, stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the separation and quantification of related substances in nitroxoline (NTL). The chromatographic separation has been achieved on Inertsil ODS‐3 V, (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at 240 nm using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid buffer and methanol in the ratio of 60:40 v/v as mobile phase. The performance of the method has been checked as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. Regression analysis showed a correlation coefficient value greater than 0.99 for NTL and its three impurities. The detection limit of impurities was in the range of 0.01% (0.05 μg/mL)–0.22% (1.1 μg/mL) indicating the sensitivity of the newly developed method. The accuracy of the method was established based on the recovery obtained between 94.7% and 104.1% for all the impurities. The percentage relative standard deviation obtained for the repeatability was less than 4.0% at the specification level for all impurities. Forced degradation was performed to establish the stability‐indicating nature of the method and to know about the degradation products, the quality of a drug substance changes with time under the influence of stress conditions. Thus, the proposed method was validated and found to be specific, sensitive, linear, accurate, precise, reproducible, and beneficial for routine usage.
Tissue‐Tracking Mitral Annular Displacement in Neonates
Authors: Ficial Benjamim , Benfari Giovanni , Bonafiglia Elena , Clemente Maria , Cappelleri Alessia , Flore Alice Iride , Petoello Enrico , Ciarcià Martina , Nogara Silvia , Milocchi Carlotta , Dani Carlo , Ribichini Flavio Luciano , Gottin Leonardo , Corsini Iuri 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the feasibility, accuracy, and reproducibility of tissue‐tracking mitral annular displacement (TMAD) compared with other measures of left ventricular systolic function in healthy preterm and term neonates in the transitional period.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study. Two echocardiograms were performed at 24 and 48 hours of life. TMAD, shortening fraction (SF), ejection fraction (EF), s′, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were measured offline. Accuracy to detect impaired GLS was tested by ROC curve analysis. DeLong test was used to compare AUCs. Intra and interobserver reproducibility of the off‐line analysis was calculated.ResultsMean ± SD gestational age and weight were 34.2 ± 3.8 weeks and 2162 ± 833 g, respectively. TMAD was feasible in 168/180 scans (93%). At 24 hours the AUC (95% CI) of SF, EF, s′, and TMAD (%) was 0.51 (0.36–0.67), 0.68 (0.54–0.82), 0.63 (0.49–0.77), and 0.89 (0.79–0.99) respectively. At 48 hours the AUC (95% CI) of SF, EF, s′, and TMAD (%) was 0.64 (0.51–0.77), 0.59 (0.37–0.80), 0.70 (0.54–0.86), and 0.96 (0.91–1.00), respectively. The AUC of TMAD was superior to the AUC of SF, EF, s′, at both timepoints (P < .02). Intraclass correlation coefficients (95% CI) of intra and interobserver reproducibility of TMAD were 0.97 (0.95–0.99) and 0.94 (0.88–0.97), respectively.ConclusionTMAD showed improved accuracy and optimal reproducibility in neonates in the first 48 hours of life.
Supply chain contract design considering carbon tax policy under demand information asymmetry
Authors: Cai Jianhu , Jiang Le , Hu Xiaoqing , Ma Xiangyuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOur paper constructs a low‐carbon supply chain (LSC) with a single manufacturer producing low‐carbon products and a single retailer. Assume that the retailer possesses private demand information and consider two cases: The manufacturer or the retailer determines the low‐carbon product's retail price. By constructing principal‐agent models, we obtain the optimal menu of contracts in each case. The impacts of the carbon tax rate and information asymmetry on LSC members' equilibrium solutions and expected profits are discussed. The results show that, given certain conditions, both the LSC members may obtain more expected profits under information asymmetry by introducing appropriate contracts.
Embedding Patient Input in Outcome Measures for Long‐Term Disease‐Modifying Parkinson Disease Trials
Authors: Gonzalez‐Robles Cristina , Bartlett Michèle , Burnell Matthew , Clarke Caroline S. , Haar Shlomi , Hu Michele T. , Huxford Brook , Jha Ashwani , Lawton Michael , Noyce Alastair , Piccini Paola , Pushparatnam Kuhan , Rochester Lynn , Siu Carroll , van Wamelen Daniel , Williams‐Gray Caroline H. , Zeissler Marie‐Louise , Zetterberg Henrik , Carroll Camille B. , Foltynie Thomas , Weil Rimona S. , Schrag Anette ,   the EJS ACT‐PD Consortium
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical trials of disease‐modifying therapies in PD require valid and responsive primary outcome measures that are relevant to patients.ObjectivesThe objective is to select a patient‐centered primary outcome measure for disease‐modification trials over three or more years.MethodsExperts in Parkinson's disease (PD), statistics, and health economics and patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) representatives reviewed and discussed potential outcome measures. A larger PPIE group provided input on their key considerations for such an endpoint. Feasibility, clinimetric properties, and relevance to patients were assessed and synthesized.ResultsAlthough initial considerations favored the Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) Part III in Off, feasibility, PPIE input, and clinimetric properties supported the MDS‐UPDRS Part II. However, PPIE input also highlighted the importance of nonmotor symptoms, especially in the longer term, leading to the selection of the MDS‐UPDRS Parts I + II sum score.ConclusionsThe MDS‐UPDRS Parts I + II sum score was chosen as the primary outcome for large 3‐year disease‐modification trials. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.