bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing urban crash incidents: An advanced endogenous approach using spatiotemporal weights matrix
Authors: Mohammadi Reza , Taleai Mohammad , Otto Philipp , Sester Monika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractContemporary spatial statistics studies often underestimate the complexity of road networks, thereby inhibiting the strategic development of effective interventions for car accidents. In response to this limitation, the primary objective of this study is to enhance the spatiotemporal analysis of urban crash data. We introduce an innovative spatial‐temporal weight matrix (STWM) for this purpose. The STWM integrates external covariates, including road network topological measurements and economic variables, offering a more comprehensive view of the spatiotemporal dependence of road accidents. To evaluate the functionality of the presented STWM, random effect eigenvector spatial filtering analysis is employed on Boston's traffic accident data from January to March 2016. The STWM improves analysis, surpassing distance‐based SWM with a lower residual standard error of 0.209 and a higher adjusted R2 of 0.417. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the influence of road length on crash incidents, spatially and temporally, with random standard errors of 0.002 for spatial effects and 0.026 for non‐spatial effects. This is particularly evident in the north and center of the study area during specific periods. This information can help decision‐makers develop more effective urban development models and reduce future crash risks.
A deep pedestrian trajectory generator for complex indoor environments
Authors: He Zhenxuan , Zhang Tong , Wang Wangshu , Li Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPedestrian trajectory data, which can be used to mine pedestrian motion patterns or to model pedestrian dynamics, is crucial for indoor location‐based service studies and applications. However, researchers are faced with the challenges of data shortage and privacy restrictions when using pedestrian trajectory data. We present an Indoor Pedestrian Trajectory Generator (IPTG), which is a novel deep learning model to synthesize pedestrian trajectory data. IPTG first produces feature sequences that encode the spatial–temporal and semantic features of the walking process and then interpolates them into complete trajectories using A* and perturbation algorithms. IPTG has specially designed loss functions that preserve topological constraints and semantic characteristics. Incorporating the prior knowledge of environment constraints and pedestrian walking patterns, the IPTG model is capable of generating topologically and logically sound indoor pedestrian trajectories. We evaluated the synthesized trajectories based on multiple metrics and examined the generated trajectories qualitatively. The results show that IPTG outperforms several baselines, demonstrating its ability to generate semantically meaningful and spatiotemporally coherent trajectories.
Feline high‐grade and large granular lymphocyte alimentary lymphomas treated with COP‐ or CHOP‐based chemotherapy: A multi‐centric retrospective study of 57 cases
Authors: Bernardo Marques Grégoire , Ponce Frédérique , Beaudu‐Lange Claire , Béguin Jérémy , Boissy Laurie , Chavalle Thomas , Denoeux Pauline , Diop Nicolas , Ferro Livia , Floch Franck , Lajoinie Mathilde , Sayag David , Barrett Laura E. , Chamel Gabriel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpecific data regarding outcome of cats with high‐grade and large granular lymphocyte alimentary lymphoma (HGAL and LGL, respectively) treated with multi‐agent chemotherapy are scarce. The aims of this multi‐centric, retrospective study were to describe the outcome of cats with HGAL and LGL treated with COP‐ or CHOP‐based chemotherapy and to identify potential prognostic factors. Cats with a cytological or histological diagnosis of HGAL or LGL lymphoma treated with COP‐ or CHOP‐based protocol as first‐line chemotherapy were included. Data regarding diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow‐up were collected. Fifty‐seven cats treated with CHOP (n = 37) or COP (n = 20) protocols were included. Complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) were observed in 20%, 22%, 36% and 22% of cats, respectively, for an overall response rate of 42%. Median progression‐free interval (PFI) was 148 days and overall median survival time (OST) was 131 days. Cats achieving CR, PR or SD showed significantly longer PFI (p < .01) and OST (p < .015) compared with cats with PD. Other positive prognostic factors in multi‐variate analysis were rescue treatment (p < .001) and absence of lymph node involvement (p < .03). Negative prognostic factors were diffuse infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract (p = .035) and infiltration of a non‐haematopoietic organ (p < .01).
Impact of LuxS on virulence and pathogenicity in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
exhibiting varied mucoid phenotypes
Authors: Tang Miran , Zhao Deyi , Zhang Ying , Qian Changrui , Chen Huale , Chen Lijiang , Ye Jianzhong , Zhou Tieli 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

How the LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system influences the pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
is complicated by the heterogeneity of the bacterial mucoid phenotypes. This study aims to explore the LuxS-mediated regulation of the pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
with diverse mucoid phenotypes, including hypermucoid, regular-mucoid, and nonmucoid. The wild-type,
luxS
knockout, and complemented strains of three
K. pneumoniae
clinical isolates with distinct mucoid phenotypes were constructed. The results revealed the downregulation of virulence genes of regular-mucoid, and nonmucoid but not hypermucoid strains. The deletion of
luxS
reduced the pathogenicity of the regular-mucoid, and nonmucoid strains in mice; while in hypermucoid strain,
luxS
knockout reduced virulence in late growth but enhanced virulence in the early growth phase. Furthermore, the absence of
luxS
led the regular-mucoid and nonmucoid strains to be more sensitive to the host cell defense, and less biofilm-productive than the wild-type at both the low and high-density growth state. Nevertheless,
luxS
knockout enhanced the resistances to adhesion and phagocytosis by macrophage as well as serum-killing, of hypermucoid
K. pneumoniae
at its early low-density growth state, while it was opposite to those in its late high-density growth phase. Collectively, our results suggested that LuxS plays a crucial role in the pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
, and it is highly relevant to the mucoid phenotypes and growth phases of the strains. LuxS probably depresses the capsule in the early low-density phase and promotes the capsule, biofilm, and pathogenicity during the late high-density phase, but inhibits lipopolysaccharide throughout the growth phase, in
K. pneumoniae
.

IMPORTANCE

Characterizing the regulation of physiological functions by the LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system in
Klebsiella pneumoniae
strains will improve our understanding of this important pathogen. The genetic heterogeneity of
K. pneumoniae
isolates complicates our understanding of its pathogenicity, and the association of LuxS with bacterial pathogenicity has remained poorly addressed in
K. pneumoniae
. Our results demonstrated strain and growth phase-dependent variation in the contributions of LuxS to the virulence and pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
. Our findings provide new insights into the important contribution of the LuxS/AI-2 QS system to the networks that regulate the pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
. Our study will facilitate our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of LuxS/AI-2 QS on the pathogenicity of
K. pneumoniae
under the background of their genetic heterogeneity and help develop new strategies for diminished bacterial virulence within the clinical
K. pneumoniae
population.
Coding-complete genome sequences of two bovine viral diarrhea virus 1a isolates from Uruguay
Authors: Maya L. , Panzera Y. , Pérez R. , Marandino A. , Colina R. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically relevant pathogen affecting cattle production and reproduction worldwide. We report the coding-complete sequences of two BVDV-1a subtype isolates, circulating in Uruguay.
Complete genome sequence of a species of the genus
Agarivorans
from the Sea of Japan
Authors: Kawase Yuka , Yoshida Masa-aki 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

A strain of
Agarivorans
sp., named OAG1, predicted to be capable of degrading agar, was isolated from the Sea of Japan. Its 4.7 Mbp genome with 4,224 predicted protein-coding genes offers insight into the varied genes responsible for agar degradation, as observed in the comparative genomic study of
Agarivorans
species.
Genomic insights into antibiotic resistance genes in
Leuconostoc citreum
strains isolated from artisanal buffalo milk curd in Bangladesh through whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Habiba Mst. Umme , Hoque M. Nazmul , Ahmed Shabbir , Islam Md. Tofazzal , Deb Gautam Kumar , Rahman Md. Morshedur 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

We sequenced the genome of
Leuconostoc citreum
strains BSMRAU-M1L6 and BSMRAU-M1L13 isolated from artisanal buffalo milk curd in Bangladesh. The draft genomes of BSMRAU-M1L6 and BSMRAU-M1L13 are 1,869,891 and 1,890,611 bp, respectively, with 50.0× coverage (both) and 65 and 75 contigs, respectively.
Axial dystonia as a manifestation of stiff-person syndrome in a paediatric patient
Authors: Shukla Vanita , Singh Virendra Rajesh Sarabjit , Edwards Anna-Marie , Fernandes Maritza 
Published: February 2024

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological condition that frequently affects adults, with the neurologist diagnosing only one or two cases during his or her career. Reports of paediatric SPS are exceedingly rare, with less than 20 cases described in the literature.The patient presented was initially diagnosed with a functional movement disorder then a genetic dystonia, with a poor response to treatment trials and negative genetic testing. Consideration of Wilson’s disease was refuted with non-supportive investigations and assessments.We aim to present the long road to diagnosing our first paediatric patient with SPS, who presented in middle childhood.
Aetiological molecular identification of sexually transmitted infections that cause urethral discharge syndrome and genital ulcer disease in Brazilian men: a nationwide study
Authors: Bazzo Maria Luiza , Machado Hanalydia de Melo , Martins Jessica Motta , Schörner Marcos André , Buss Ketlyn , Barazzetti Fernando Hartmann , Gaspar Pamela Cristina , Bigolin Alisson , Benzaken Adele , de Carvalho Simone Veloso Faria , Andrade Lidiane da Fonseca , Ferreira William Antunes , Figueiroa François , Fontana Rafael Mialski , da Silva Miralba Freire de Carvalho Ribeiro , Silva Roberto José Carvalho , Aires Junior Luiz Fernando , Neves Lis Aparecida de Souza , Miranda Angelica Espinosa , Network Brazilian-GASP 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundLittle is known about the aetiology of urethral discharge syndrome (UDS) and genital ulcer disease (GUD) in Brazil due to limited access to laboratory tests and treatment based mainly on the syndromic approach.ObjectivesTo update Brazilian treatment guidelines according to the current scenario, the first nationwide aetiological study for UDS and GUD was performed.MethodsMale participants with urethral discharge (UD) and/or genital ulcer (GU) reports were enrolled. Sample collection was performed by 12 sentinel sites located in the five Brazilian regions. Between 2018 and 2020, 1141 UD and 208 GU samples were collected in a Universal Transport Medium-RT (Copan). A multiplex quantitative PCR kit (Seegene) was used to detect UD:Chlamydia trachomatis(CT),Mycoplasma genitalium(MG),M. hominis(MH),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(NG),Trichomonas vaginalis(TV),Ureaplasma parvum(UP),U. urealyticum(UU) and another kit to detect GU: cytomegalovirus (CMV),Haemophilus ducreyi(HD), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2), lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV),Treponema pallidum(TP) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).ResultsIn UD samples, the frequency of pathogen detection was NG: 78.38%, CT: 25.6%, MG: 8.3%, UU: 10.4%, UP: 3.5%, MH: 3.5% and TV: 0.9%. Coinfection was assessed in 30.9% of samples, with 14.3% of NG/CT coinfection. The most frequent pathogen identified in GU was HSV2, present in 40.8% of the samples, followed by TP at 24.8%, LGV and CMV at 1%, and HSV1 at 0.4%. Coinfection of TP/HSV2 was detected in 4.4% of samples. VZV and HD were not detected. In 27.7% of the GU samples, no pathogen was detected.ConclusionThis study provided the acquisition of unprecedented data on the aetiology of UDS and GUD in Brazil, demonstrated the presence of a variety of pathogens in both sample types and reaffirmed the aetiologies known to be most prevalent globally.
The impact of 48 h high carbohydrate diets with high and low FODMAP content on gastrointestinal status and symptoms in response to endurance exercise, and subsequent endurance performance
Authors: Scrivin Rachel , Slater Gary , Mika Alice , Rauch Christopher , Young Pascale , Martinez Isabel , Costa Ricardo J.S. 
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the effects of a high carbohydrate diet, with varied fermentable oligo-, di-, and mono-saccharide and polyol (FODMAP) content, before endurance exercise on gastrointestinal integrity, motility, and symptoms; and subsequent exercise performance. Twelve endurance athletes were provided with a 48 h high carbohydrate (mean ± SD: 12.1 ± 1.8 g kg day−1) diet on two separate occasions, composed of high (54.8 ± 10.5 g day−1) and low FODMAP (3.0 ± 0.2 g day−1) content. Thereafter, participants completed a 2 h steady-state running exercise at 60% of [Formula: see text] (22.9 ± 1.2 °C, 46.4 ± 7.9% RH), followed by a 1 h distance performance test. Pre-exercise and every 20 min during steady-state exercise, 100 mL maltodextrin (10% w/ v) solution was consumed. A 150 mL lactulose (20 g) solution was consumed 30 min into the distance performance test to determine orocecal transit time (OCTT) during exercise. Blood was collected pre- and post exercise to determine gastrointestinal integrity biomarkers (i.e., I-FABP, sCD14, and CRP). Breath hydrogen (H2) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were determined pre-exercise, every 15 min, during and throughout recovery. No differences in gastrointestinal integrity biomarkers, OCTT, or distance completed were observed between trials. Pre-exercise total-GIS (1.3 ± 2.9 vs. 4.3 ± 4.4), gut discomfort (9.9 ± 8.1 vs. 15.8 ± 9.0), and upper-GIS (2.8 ± 2.6 vs. 5.7 ± 4.8) during exercise were less severe on high carbohydrate low FODMAP (HC-LFOD) versus high carbohydrate high FODMAP (HC-HFOD) ( p < 0.05). Gut discomfort (3.4 ± 4.4 vs. 0.2 ± 0.6) and total-GIS (4.9 ± 6.8 vs. 0.2 ± 0.6) were higher during recovery on HC-LFOD versus HC-HFOD ( p < 0.05). The FODMAP content of a 48 h high carbohydrate diet does not impact gastrointestinal integrity or motility in response to endurance exercise. However, a high FODMAP content exacerbates GIS before and during exercise, but this does not impact performance outcomes.
Multiomic-Based Molecular Landscape of FaDu Xenograft Tumors in Mice after a Combinatorial Treatment with Radiation and an HSP90 Inhibitor Identifies Adaptation-Induced Targets of Resistance and Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Bylicky Michelle A. , Shankavaram Uma , Aryankalayil Molykutty J. , Chopra Sunita , Naz Sarwat , Sowers Anastasia L. , Choudhuri Rajani , Calvert Valerie , Petricoin Emanuel F. , Eke Iris , Mitchell James B. , Coleman C. Norman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Treatments involving radiation and chemotherapy alone or in combination have improved patient survival and quality of life. However, cancers frequently evade these therapies due to adaptation and tumor evolution. Given the complexity of predicting response based solely on the initial genetic profile of a patient, a predetermined treatment course may miss critical adaptation that can cause resistance or induce new targets for drug and immunotherapy. To address the timescale for these evasive mechanisms, using a mouse xenograft tumor model, we investigated the rapidity of gene expression (mRNA), molecular pathway, and phosphoproteome changes after radiation, an HSP90 inhibitor, or combination. Animals received radiation, drug, or combination treatment for 1 or 2 weeks and were then euthanized along with a time-matched untreated group for comparison. Changes in gene expression occur as early as 1 week after treatment initiation. Apoptosis and cell death pathways were activated in irradiated tumor samples. For the HSP90 inhibitor and combination treatment at weeks 1 and 2 compared with Control Day 1, gene-expression changes induced inhibition of pathways including invasion of cells, vasculogenesis, and viral infection among others. The combination group included both drug-alone and radiation-alone changes. Our data demonstrate the rapidity of gene expression and functional pathway changes in the evolving tumor as it responds to treatment. Discovering these phenotypic adaptations may help elucidate the challenges in using sustained treatment regimens and could also define evolving targets for therapeutic efficacy.
Who Cares for Older Adults? A Cross-National Study of Care Sources for Older Adults With Functional Limitations and Associated Determinants
Authors: Kong Dexia , Lu Peiyi , Wu Bei , Davitt Joan K. , Shelley Mack 
Published: February 2024

The study compared care source typologies for older adults in China and the United States. Data from the 2014 U.S. Health and Retirement Study and the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. The respondents included community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older with at least one limitation in activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental ADLs (IADLs) ( N China = 2476, N US = 2898). Respondents reported whether they received assistance from spouse, child/grandchild, relatives, others, and formal helpers. Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were applied. Four classes were identified in China and the U.S, separately. In both countries, ADLs and IADLs were strong determinants of care source typologies. Care sources were more diverse and included formal assistance among older Americans. Older Chinese relied largely on their spouses and children/grandchildren for support. Policy efforts are needed to expand formal long-term services and supports, particularly in China.
Anti-rabies humoral immune response in cats after concurrent vs separate vaccination against rabies and feline leukaemia virus using canarypox-vectored vaccines
Authors: Weidinger Anna-Karina , Bergmann Michèle , König Matthias , Zablotski Yury , Hartmann Katrin 
Published: February 2024

Objectives Some expert groups recommend that cats should be vaccinated with non-adjuvanted feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and rabies vector vaccines, which, in the European Union, are currently not licensed for concurrent use and have to be administered at least 14 days apart (different from the USA) and thus at separate visits, which is associated with more stress for cats and owners. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-rabies antibody response in cats after vaccination against rabies and FeLV at concurrent vs separate (4 weeks apart) visits using two canarypox-vectored vaccines (Purevax Rabies and Purevax FeLV; Boehringer Ingelheim) and to evaluate the occurrence of vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs). Methods Healthy FeLV antigen-negative client-owned kittens (n = 106) were prospectively included in this randomised study. All kittens received primary vaccinations against rabies (week 0) and FeLV (weeks 4 and 8). After 1 year, the study group (n = 52) received booster vaccinations against rabies and FeLV concurrently at the same visit (weeks 50–52). The control group (n = 54) received booster vaccinations against rabies (weeks 50–52) and FeLV (weeks 54–56) separately. Anti-rabies virus antibodies (anti-RAV Ab) were determined by fluorescent antibody virus neutralisation assay at weeks 4, 50–52 and 54–56, and compared between both groups using a Mann–Whitney U-test. Results Four weeks after the first rabies vaccination, 87/106 (82.1%) kittens had a titre ⩾0.5 IU/ml and 19/106 (17.9%) had a titre <0.5 IU/ml. Four weeks after the 1-year rabies booster, all cats had adequate anti-RAV Ab according to the World Organisation for Animal Health (⩾0.5 IU/ml), and the titres of the study group (median = 14.30 IU/ml) and the control group (median = 21.39 IU/ml) did not differ significantly ( P = 0.141). VAAEs were observed in 7/106 (6.6%) cats. Conclusions and relevance Concurrent administration of Purevax FeLV and Purevax Rabies vector vaccines at the 1-year booster does not interfere with the development of anti-RAV Ab or cause more adverse effects and thus represents a better option than separate vaccination visits for cats and owners.
Effects of Priming Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation With High-Definition tDCS on Upper Limb Function in Hemiparetic Patients With Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Bian Li , Zhang Li , Huang Guilan , Song Da , Zheng Kai , Xu Xinlei , Dai Wenjun , Ren Caili , Shen Ying 
Published: February 2024

Background Preconditioning with cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) can potentiate cortical plasticity induced by intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) and enhance the after-effects of iTBS in healthy people. However, it is unclear whether this multi-modal protocol can enhance upper limb function in patients with stroke. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether priming iTBS with cathodal HD-tDCS over the ipsilesional M1 can augment upper limb motor recovery in poststroke patients. Methods A total of 66 patients with subacute stroke were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group 1 received priming iTBS with HD-tDCS (referred to as the tDCS + iTBS group), Group 2 received non-priming iTBS (the iTBS group), and Group 3 received sham stimulation applied to the ipsilesional M1. One session was performed per day, 5 days per week, for 3 consecutive weeks. In Group 1, iTBS was preceded by a 20-minute session of cathodal HD-tDCS at a 10-minute interval. The primary outcome measure was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) score. Moreover, the secondary outcome measures for muscle strength and spasticity were the Motricity Index-Upper Extremity (MI-UE) and the Modified Ashworth Scale Upper-Extremity (MAS-UE), respectively, and the Hong Kong Version of the Functional Test for the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity (FTHUE-HK) and the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) for activity and participation. Results Significant differences were detected in the changes in FMA-UE, MI-UE, and MBI scores between the 3 groups from baseline to post-intervention (χ2FMA-UE = 10.856, P = .004; χ2MI-UE = 6.783, P = .034; χ2MBI = 9.608, P = .008). Post hoc comparisons revealed that the priming iTBS group demonstrated substantial improvements in FMA-UE ( P = .004), MI-UE ( P = .028), and MBI ( P = 0.006) compared with those in the sham group. However, no significant difference was observed between the iTBS group and the sham group. Moreover, no significant differences were found in the changes in MAS-UE or FTHUE-HK between the groups. Conclusions Priming iTBS with HD-tDCS over the ipsilesional M1 cortex had beneficial effects on augmenting upper limb motor recovery and enhancing daily participation among subacute stroke patients.