bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deubiquitinase OTUD5 promotes hepatitis B virus replication by removing K48-linked ubiquitination of HBV core/precore and upregulates HNF4ɑ expressions by inhibiting the ERK1/2/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway
Authors: Lou Bin , Ma Guanghua , Yu Xiaopeng , Lv Feifei , Xu Fanjie , Sun Chengdi , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide, causing nearly one million deaths annually. OTUD5 is a deubiquitinase associated with cancer development and innate immunity response. However, the regulatory mechanisms of OTUD5 underlying HBV replication need to be deeply elucidated. In the present investigation, we found that HBV induced significant up-regulation of OTUD5 protein in HBV-infected cells. Further study showed that OTUD5 interacted with HBV core/precore, removing their K48-linked ubiquitination chains and protecting their stability. Meanwhile, overexpression of OTUD5 could inhibit the MAPK pathway and then increase the expression of HNF4ɑ, and ERK1/2 signaling was required for OTUD5-mediated activation of HNF4α, promoting HBV replication. Together, these data indicate that OTUD5 could deubiquitinate HBV core protein degradation by its deubiquitinase function and promote HBV activity by up-regulating HNF4α expression via inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway. These results might present a novel therapeutic strategy against HBV infection.
The Tikhonov-L-curve regularization method for determining the best geoid gradients from SWOT altimetry
Authors: Yu Daocheng , Hwang Cheinway , Zhu Huizhong , Ge Sihao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission generates dense altimetry data that, when used in geoid gradient component estimations through least-squares collocation (LSC), lead to an ill-conditioned problem. Such problems also arise in geodetic network designs. This study introduces the Tikhonov-L-curve regularization to effectively address this challenge. By pinpointing the maximum curvatures of the L-curve, we discern optimal regularization parameters, countering issues stemming from the dense data of SWOT and the resulting ill-conditioned covariance matrices. Our approach not only stabilizes LSC solutions but also achieves gradient accuracies at 1-microrad levels compared to theoretical values. Additionally, we experimented with a strategic removal process that selectively eliminates adjacent geoid gradients. This technique considerably improves geoid gradient component determinations, especially evident at a threshold distance of 0.755 km within an 8′× 8′ data selection window. While our findings are rooted in simulated SWOT data, they are pivotal for future research intending to employ real SWOT data, anticipated by late 2023. This work serves as a precursor for marine gravity field determinations, emphasizing the importance of stabilized LSC solutions to avoid misleading seafloor signatures due to data compactness.
Reliability of a TMS-derived threshold matrix of corticomotor function
Authors: Shanks Maxine J. , Cirillo John , Stinear Cathy M. , Byblow Winston D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies typically focus on suprathreshold motor evoked potentials (MEPs), overlooking small MEPs representing subthreshold corticomotor pathway activation. Assessing subthreshold excitability could provide insights into corticomotor pathway integrity and function, particularly in neurological conditions like stroke. The aim of the study was to examine the test–retest reliability of metrics derived from a novel compositional analysis of MEP data from older adults. The study also compared the composition between the dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) sides and explored the association between subthreshold responses and resting motor threshold. In this proof-of-concept study, 23 healthy older adults participated in two identical experimental sessions. Stimulus–response (S–R) curves and threshold matrices were constructed using single-pulse TMS across intensities to obtain MEPs in four upper limb muscles. S–R curves had reliable slopes for every muscle (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient range = 0.58–0.88). Subliminal and suprathreshold elements of the threshold matrix showed good–excellent reliability (D subliminal ICC = 0.83; ND subliminal ICC = 0.79; D suprathreshold ICC = 0.92; ND suprathreshold ICC = 0.94). By contrast, subthreshold elements of the matrix showed poor reliability, presumably due to a floor effect (D subthreshold ICC = 0.39; ND subthreshold ICC = 0.05). No composition differences were found between D and ND sides (suprathreshold BF01 = 3.85; subthreshold BF01 = 1.68; subliminal BF01 = 3.49). The threshold matrix reliably assesses subliminal and suprathreshold MEPs in older adults. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the utility of compositional analyses for assessing recovery of corticomotor pathway function after neurological injury.
Lead Extraction in Children and Young Adults: When is the Best Time for Lead/System Replacement?
Authors: Kutarski Andrzej , Miszczak-Knecht Maria , Brzezinska Monika , Birbach Mariusz , Lipiński Wojciech , Jacheć Wojciech , Ziaja Bettina , Polewczyk Anna , Tułecki Łukasz , Czajkowski Marek , Nowosielecka Dorota , Bieganowska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The best strategy for lead management in children is a matter of debate, and our experiences are limited. This is a retrospective single-center study comparing difficulties and outcomes of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) implanted ich childhood and at age < 19 years (childhood-implanted-childhood-extracted, CICE) and at age < 19 (childhood-implanted-adulthood-extracted, CIAE). CICE patients—71 children (mean age 15.1 years) as compared to CIAE patients (114 adults (mean age 28.61 years) were more likely to have VVI than DDD pacemakers. Differences in implant duration (7.96 vs 14.08 years) appeared to be most important, but procedure complexity and outcomes also differed between the groups. Young adults with cardiac implantable electronic device implanted in childhood had more risk factors for major complications and underwent more complex procedures compared to children. Implant duration was significantly longer in CIAE patients than in children, being the most important factor that had an impact on patient safety and procedure complexity. CIAE patients were more likely to have prolonged operative duration and more complex procedures due to technical problems, and they were 2–3 times more likely to require second-line or advanced tools compared to children, but the rates of clinical and procedural success were comparable in both groups. The difference between the incidence of major complications between CICE and CIAE patients is very clear (MC 2.9 vs 7.0%, hemopericardium 1.4 vs 5.3% etc.), although statistically insignificant. Delay of lead extraction to adulthood seems to be a riskier option than planned TLE in children before growing up.
Fertilisation kinetics among common Indo-Pacific broadcast spawning corals with distinct and shared functional traits
Authors: Buccheri Elizabeth , Ricardo Gerard F. , Babcock Russell C. , Mumby Peter J. , Doropoulos Christopher 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIndo-Pacific corals predominantly reproduce using synchronous mass spawning events to maximise fertilisation. However, as disturbances continue to thin population densities, the quantities of gametes released declines and colonies become more isolated, reducing the likelihood of cross-fertilisation. Local hydrodynamic conditions can promote or inhibit gamete contact; thus, the interaction between the abiotic environment and sperm density will determine the amount of time gametes interact. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of reproduction to manipulations of two key limiting factors of fertilisation: sperm concentration and contact time between gametes. We explored fertilisation kinetics of phylogenetically and functionally similar and diverse coral taxa on the Great Barrier Reef and Western Australia (Acropora digitifera, A. tenuis; Coelastrea aspera, Platygyra daedalea). Results indicate that fertilisation is optimised at sperm concentrations > 103 sperm mL−1 and contact times > 30 s, but the extent of these relationships is species-specific. All species showed clear differences in fertilisation success across contact times, although these differences were less distinct for A. tenuis and P. daedalea at very high sperm concentrations. Acropora digitifera and P. daedalea exhibited nonlinear trends with steep slopes of increased fertilisation success once sperm concentration surpassed values of 104 sperm mL−1 and 102 sperm mL−1, respectively, followed by slight declines. Acropora tenuis and A. digitifera had the highest maximum fertilisation success, likely owing to beneficial evolved functional traits like large egg sizes. The present analysis underpins studies of fertilisation kinetics in natural reef populations to help inform management and restoration practices that assist population resilience and recovery.
Microglia activation in periplaque white matter in multiple sclerosis depends on age and lesion type, but does not correlate with oligodendroglial loss
Authors: Kessler Wiebke , Thomas Christian , Kuhlmann Tanja 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. The disease course in MS is highly variable and driven by a combination of relapse-driven disease activity and relapse-independent disease progression. The formation of new focal demyelinating lesions is associated with clinical relapses; however, the pathological mechanisms driving disease progression are less well understood. Current concepts suggest that ongoing focal and diffuse inflammation within the CNS in combination with an age-associated failure of compensatory and repair mechanisms contribute to disease progression. The aim of our study was to characterize the diffuse microglia activation in periplaque white matter (PPWM) of MS patients, to identify factors modulating its extent and to determine its potential correlation with loss or preservation of oligodendrocytes. We analyzed microglial and oligodendroglial numbers in PPWM in a cohort of 96 tissue blocks from 32 MS patients containing 100 lesions as well as a control cohort (n = 37). Microglia activation in PPWM was dependent on patient age, proximity to lesion, lesion type, and to a lesser degree on sex. Oligodendrocyte numbers were decreased in PPWM; however, increased microglia densities did not correlate with lower oligodendroglial cell counts, indicating that diffuse microglia activation is not sufficient to drive oligodendroglial loss in PPWM. In summary, our findings support the notion of the close relationship between focal and diffuse inflammation in MS and that age is an important modulator of MS pathology.
Towards a comprehensive analytical framework and future research agenda for research on sharing economy business models: thematic analyses approach
Authors: Duan Carson 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sharing economy is considered to be an important pathway for economic growth, increasing employment and household income, and the transition toward sustainability in the twenty-first century. In spite of the widespread use of the sharing economy concept, the understanding varies, and there is disagreement about what constitutes an analytical framework of the sharing economy business model (SEBM). This research quantitatively analyzes and categorizes the fundamental elements of the current SEBM literature. A comprehensive analytical framework is presented, identifying three distinct segments of SEBM: (1) the knowledge of sharing economy (incl. innovation, new technologies, determinants, and ecosystems); (2) supplier-oriented studies (incl. hospitality-oriented, transportation-oriented, and other platforms and models); and (3) consumer-socioeconomic-sustainability-focused research (incl. consumption and customer satisfaction, collaborative consumption, sustainability, social effects, and economic growth). In addition to contributing to a better understanding of SEBM research, the framework has implications for SEBM development policy and practice. It can also be used as an instrument for evaluating business models. Furthermore, the paper identifies six key research directions for the post-COVID-19 era, covering the studies of determinants and ecosystems, emerging economies, new SEBMs, location- and culture-specific models, sustainability, and combined impacts on socioeconomics.
Trajectories of hospitalizations after age-based statutory retirement
Authors: Pietiläinen Olli , Harkko Jaakko , Jousilahti Pekka , Kouvonen Anne , Rahkonen Ossi , Lahelma Eero , Lallukka Tea 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRetirement years are ideally spent in good health. We aimed to produce new information using person-oriented methods by identifying groups of statutory retirees who did or did not achieve this objective and the factors that distinguish these groups from each other. Our particular focus was on the years directly after the transition into retirement, and the pre-retirement factors that explained the development of health, using a more severe health-related outcome—hospitalization. We studied the retirement, hospitalizations, education, and work characteristics of former employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland (N = 6569), from complete registers. We used group-based trajectory models and identified groups of constant low, constant high, decreasing, and temporarily occurring hospitalizations, and one group of increasing hospitalizations among women and two groups of earlier and later increasing hospitalizations among men. Multinomial regression models showed that among women, belonging to groups with less favourable health was associated with secondary education, older age at retirement, and reduced working hours. Education and work characteristics before retirement both contribute to the development of health, as indicated by hospitalizations directly after retirement. Our findings show that socioeconomic inequalities in health are persistent and should also be addressed after transition into retirement.
On the hybridization of geometric semantic GP with gradient-based optimizers
Authors: Pietropolli Gloria , Manzoni Luca , Paoletti Alessia , Castelli Mauro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGeometric semantic genetic programming (GSGP) is a popular form of GP where the effect of crossover and mutation can be expressed as geometric operations on a semantic space. A recent study showed that GSGP can be hybridized with a standard gradient-based optimized, Adam, commonly used in training artificial neural networks.We expand upon that work by considering more gradient-based optimizers, a deeper investigation of their parameters, how the hybridization is performed, and a more comprehensive set of benchmark problems. With the correct choice of hyperparameters, this hybridization improves the performances of GSGP and allows it to reach the same fitness values with fewer fitness evaluations.
Polygon Class Learning Opportunities: Interplay Between Teacher’s Moves, Children’s Geometrical Thinking, and Geometrical Task
Authors: Bernabeu Melania , Moreno Mar , Llinares Salvador 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study identifies characteristics of polygon class learning opportunities for 8–9-year-old children during the whole-class instruction. We consider the interplay between the geometrical tasks demanding different ways of reasoning, features of children’s geometrical thinking, and the teacher’s moves to identify characteristics of learning opportunities. We identified 3 types of learning opportunities during whole-class instruction: (a) recognizing (initiating the deconstruction dimensional), (b) supporting children’s analytical reasoning, and (c) encouraging children to establish relations between attributes of the figures. Our findings highlight the holistic facet of the learning opportunities of geometry in primary education that connect the students’ geometrical arguments generated by solving enriching geometrical tasks and the teacher’s moves drawing on children’s geometrical thinking during the whole-class instruction. We conjectured that weaving these 3 aspects together supported the emergence of relevant geometric learning opportunities for children.
Development and characterization of a new predominantly β Ti–15Mo–5In alloy for biomedical applications
Authors: Romero-Resendiz L. , Rossi M. C. , Seguí-Esquembre C. , Amigó-Borrás V. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA new Ti–Mo–In alloy was designed for biomedical implant applications and produced by powder metallurgy. Mechanical properties, ion release, and electrochemical assessments were conducted to uncover its biomaterial feasibility. The Ti–15Mo–5In alloy consisted of a nearly equiaxed and micrometric β matrix with acicular α and fine dispersed α′′ phases. Mo and In chosen contents encouraged flexural strength (0.59 GPa) and hardness (3.9 GPa) beyond the values for human bone in the literature. As expected from the predominantly β microstructure, a medium value of elastic modulus (80 GPa) was obtained. The ion Ti (0.019 μgL−1 cm−2 h−1), Mo (0.622 μgL−1 cm−2 h−1), and In (0.001 μgL−1 cm−2 h−1) released concentrations were below harmful concentrations to human health. Corrosion rates during immersion and electrochemical tests (0.524 and 0.1 μm year−1, respectively) were lower than those reported for various implant materials. The Ti–15Mo–5In alloy is a feasible option for orthopedic and dental implants.
Graphical Abstract
The application of the bilinear foil model to three-pad foil air bearings in rotordynamic analysis including reduced order modelling
Authors: Pourashraf Talieh , Bonello Philip 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFoil air bearings (FABs) are the mainstay of oil-free turbomachinery technology which is undergoing rapid expansion. A rotor system using such bearings is a nonlinear multi-domain dynamical system comprising the rotor, the air films and the foil structures. Multi-pad (segmented) FABs offer opportunity for enhanced stability performance but are naturally more computationally challenging than single (360°) pad FABs. Their analysis has been limited to a simple model that ignores the detachment of the top foil from the underlying foil. Although a correction can be applied for the rotor vibration, the actual top foil deflection cannot be predicted. Additionally, reduced order modelling techniques have so far not been applied to such bearings. This paper presents the nonlinear and linearised dynamic analyses of three-pad FAB rotor systems considering foil detachment and using both Galerkin Reduction (GR) and Finite Difference (FD) to model the air film. Various models for the force distribution on the top foil are considered for use within a bilinear foil model, focusing on the ability to achieve numerical convergence. GR halved the computation time for a waterfall graph, without compromising the accuracy of the prediction of the nonlinear response. The results are validated against results from the literature.
Considerations for Subgroup Analyses in Cluster-Randomized Trials Based on Aggregated Individual-Level Predictors
Authors: Williamson Brian D. , Coley R. Yates , Hsu Clarissa , McCracken Courtney E. , Cook Andrea J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn research assessing the effect of an intervention or exposure, a key secondary objective often involves assessing differential effects of this intervention or exposure in subgroups of interest; this is often referred to as assessing effect modification or heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE). Observed HTE can have important implications for policy, including intervention strategies (e.g., will some patients benefit more from intervention than others?) and prioritizing resources (e.g., to reduce observed health disparities). Analysis of HTE is well understood in studies where the independent unit is an individual. In contrast, in studies where the independent unit is a cluster (e.g., a hospital or school) and a cluster-level outcome is used in the analysis, it is less well understood how to proceed if the HTE analysis of interest involves an individual-level characteristic (e.g., self-reported race) that must be aggregated at the cluster level. Through simulations, we show that only individual-level models have power to detect HTE by individual-level variables; if outcomes must be defined at the cluster level, then there is often low power to detect HTE by the corresponding aggregated variables. We illustrate the challenges inherent to this type of analysis in a study assessing the effect of an intervention on increasing COVID-19 booster vaccination rates at long-term care centers.
The effect of depressive symptoms on quality of life and its different facets in the oldest age population: evidence from the AgeQualiDe prospective cohort study
Authors: Liegert Paula , Pabst Alexander , Conrad Ines , van den Bussche Hendrik , Eisele Marion , Hajek André , Heser Kathrin , Kleineidam Luca , Weyerer Siegfried , Werle Jochen , Pentzek Michael , Weeg Dagmar , Mösch Edelgard , Wiese Birgitt , Oey Anke , Wagner Michael , Maier Wolfgang , König Hans-Helmut , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Scherer Martin , Luppa Melanie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present study aims to investigate the prospective effect of depressive symptoms on overall QoL in the oldest age group, taking into account its different facets.

Methods
Data were derived from the multicenter prospective AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe cohort study, including data from follow-up 7–9 and n = 580 individuals 85 years of age and older. Overall QoL and its facets were assessed using the WHOQOL-OLD instrument. The short form of the geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) was applied to assess depressive symptoms. Cognitively impaired individuals were excluded. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the effect of depressive symptoms on QoL.

Results
Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with overall QoL and each of the different facets of WHOQOL-OLD, also after adjustment for time and sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender, education, marital status, living situation, and cognitive status. Higher age and single as well as divorced marital status were also associated with a lower QoL.

Conclusion
This work provides comprehensive longitudinal results on the relationship between depressive symptoms and QoL in the oldest age population. The results underscore the relevance of tailored and targeted care planning and the development of customized interventions.