bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musique parallèle. Structures anonymes et créativité distribuée de la library music dans les années 1960 et 1970
Authors: Roy Elodie A. 
Published: January 2024

Cet article retrace l’histoire d’une industrie musicale prolifique, mais culturellement négligée et marginalisée – celle de la library music ou musique d’illustration – dans les années 1960 et 1970. Elle interroge ses modes de production, de médiation et de circulation, examinant différents aspects et moments de créativité partagée ou relayée. Il s’agit de mettre en évidence un réseau de médiateurs, de supports, d’infrastructures, de compositeurs et de musiciens restés anonymes et invisibles. La librairie musicale pourrait être considérée comme une incarnation spécifique, mais historiquement dévalorisée, de la musique populaire – une forme que l’on pourrait qualifier de musique parallèle ou « paramusique ». Cet article se propose non seulement d’en restituer le mode de fonctionnement méconnu, mais aussi de repenser les interrelations unissant créativité, expérimentation et standardisation, originalité et emprunt, art et commerce – plus largement, il s’agit aussi de reconsidérer l’influence de ces catégories sur la formation des objets d’étude et canons de la musique populaire.
Efficacy of Bio-Rational Insecticides in Controlling Thrips in Summer Country Bean
Authors: Begum Most. Sukhy , Rahman M. M. , Hossain M. S. , Yasmin Sabera , Amin Ruhul , Khan Md. Shahidul Islam , Hossain Md. Emam 
Published: January 2024

Aims: To study the efficacy of biorational insecticides in controlling thrips in summer country bean.
Study design: The study used a single component Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March to May 2021.
Methodology: The experiment consisted of seven treatments and was laid in a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment consists of the following management practices: T1=Spraying Neem oil @ 6 ml/L of water at 7 days interval, T2=Spraying Neem leaf extract @ 200 mg/L of water at 7 days interval, T3= Mehgoni leaf extract @ 200 mg/L of water at 7 days interval, T4=Tobacco leaf powder @ 30 mg/L of water at 7 days interval, T5= Spraying Spinosad @ 0.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval, T6=Spraying Biotrin @1.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval and T7= Untreated control.
Results: Among the seven (7) treatments the lowest number of thrips (2.50 plant-1) was observed in T5 (Spraying Spinosad @ 0.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval), while highest number of thrips (16.67 plant-1) was observed in T7 (Untreated control). The highest percentage of thrips reduction over control (85.50%) was observed in T5 (Spraying Spinosad @ 0.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) treatment. The present study revealed that the lowest number of thrips as insect pest and increased plant, leaf, inflorescence and pod infestation, different yield contributing characters and yield of country bean might be obtained by using the treatment T5 (Spraying Spinosad @ 0.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) besides T6 (Spraying Biotrin @ 1.4 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) performed as second best treatment whereas, T7 (Control) and T3 (Mehgoni leaf extract @ 200 mg/L of water at 7 days interval) may protect the country bean at lowest rate in summer.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that, spraying of Spinosad @ 0.4ml/L of water at 7 days interval as a bio-rational management practice for thrips population control for country bean variety BARI Sheem-4 in summer reduced the infestation of thrips at the most satisfactory level.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor overexpression in neural progenitor cells (ST14A) increases proliferation, metabolic activity, and resistance to stress during differentiation
Authors: Weinelt Sabine , Peters Sabine , Bauer Peter , Mix Eilhard , Haas Stefan J.P. , Dittmann Aline , Wree Andreas , Cattaneo Elena , Knoblich Rupert , Strauss Ulf , Rolfs Arndt 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAn Erratum has been published for this article in Journal of Neuroscience Research 75: 861, 2004.Neurotrophic factors exert considerable neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects in neurodegenerative diseases. Because neuronal progenitor cells have, at least in part, the potency to restore degenerated neuronal networks, transgenic high‐dosage expression of neurotrophins by these cells in neurotransplantation may be advantageous. In the present study, a retroviral vector containing the gene of rat ciliary neurotrophic factor (rCNTF) was permanently transfected into a striatal neuronal progenitor cell line. Qualitative and quantitative analyses demonstrated a sustained expression of the transgene; i.e., rCNTF was present at the mRNA level and protein level. Moreover, cocultivation in separate chambers of transgenic CNTF‐ST14A cells and CNTF‐dependent TF1 cells exerted typical biological effects, such as increased proliferation and differentiation of the TF1 cells, indicating the functional integrity of the secreted recombinant neurotrophin. The CNTF‐ST14A cells displayed improved stress response compared with native ST14A cells under differentiation conditions, i.e., at the nonpermissive temperature of 39°C and after staurosporine exposure, respectively. This effect coincided with a relatively reduced apoptosis rate and a raised metabolic activity of CNTF‐ST14A cells at 39°C. Neurotransplantation of CNTF‐ST14A cells in the rat quinolinic acid model of Huntington's disease showed a significant and sustained decline in pathological apomorphine‐induced rotations compared with parental ST14A cells. We conclude that sustained functional transgene CNTF production improves stress response as well as metabolic activity, making CNTF‐ST14A cells a promising tool for neurotransplantation in the quinolinic acid model of Huntington's disease. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel functional interactions between Trk kinase and p75 neurotrophin receptor in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Lachyankar Mahesh B. , Condon Peter J. , Daou Marie‐Claire , De Asit K. , Levine John B. , Obermeier Axel , Ross Alonzo H. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractTo understand the functional interactions between the TrkA and p75 nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, we stably transfected LAN5 neuroblastoma cells with an expression vector for ET‐R, a chimeric receptor with the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the TrkA transmembrane and intracellular domains. EGF activated the ET‐R kinase and induced partial differentiation. NGF, which can bind to endogenous p75, did not induce differentiation but enhanced the EGF‐induced response, leading to differentiation of almost all cells. A mutated NGF, 3T‐NGF, that binds to TrkA but not to p75 did not synergize with EGF. Enhancement of EGF‐induced differentiation required at least nanomolar concentrations of NGF, consistent with the low‐affinity p75 binding site. EGF may induce a limited number of neuronal cells because it also enhanced apoptosis. Both NGF and a caspase inhibitor reduced apoptosis and, thereby, enhanced differentiation. NGF seems to enhance survival through the phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase (PI3K) pathway. Consistent with this hypothesis, Akt, a downstream effector of the PI3K pathway, was hyperphosphorylated in the presence of EGF+NGF. These results demonstrate that TrkA kinase initiates differentiation, and p75 enhances differentiation by rescuing differentiating cells from apoptosis via the PI3K pathway. Even though both EGF and NGF are required for differentiation of LAN5/ET‐R cells, only NGF is required for survival of the differentiated cells. In the absence of NGF, the cells die by an apoptotic mechanism, involving caspase‐3. An anti‐p75 antibody blocked the survival effect of NGF. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor also enhanced cell survival, indicating that in differentiated cells, NGF acts through the p75 receptor to prevent apoptosis. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How safe are psychiatric medications after a voluntary overdose?
Authors: Baca-García Enrique , Diaz-Sastre Carmen , Saiz-Ruiz Jeronimo , de Leon Jose 
Published: December 2002

SummaryPurpose.This study assessed psychiatric medications and their potential lethality in a representative sample of suicide attempts.Materials and methods.During 1996–98, 563 suicide attempts were studied in a general hospital in Madrid (Spain). Medication overdose was used in 456 suicide attempts (81%). The ratio between dose taken and maximum prescription dose recommended was used to evaluate the medication toxicity.Results.Benzodiazepines were the drugs most often used in self-poisoning (65% of overdoses), followed by new antidepressants (11%), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (10%), and antipsychotics (8%). An overdose with any of the three latter psychiatric medications was significantly more frequent in patients prescribed those medications. The overdoses for TCA were potentially lethal in 47% of the cases. However, all patients who overdosed on psychiatric medications recovered well and were discharged without any sequelae.Discussion.This study suggests that psychiatric medications, particularly benzodiazepines, new antidepressants and antipsychotics, are relatively safe when they are used for self-poisoning. If patients with mental illnesses are under treated, there is a clear and documented higher risk for suicide.Conclusion.It is better to prescribe psychiatric medications, particularly the new ones, rather than withhold them due to an exaggerated fear of a lethal overdose
Priorities and satisfaction on the help needed and provided in a first episode of psychosis. A survey in five European Family Associations
Authors: de Haan L. , Kramer L. , van Raay B. , Weir M. , Gardner J. , Akselson S. , Ladinser E. , McDaid S. , Hernández Dols S. , Wouters L. 
Published: December 2002

SummaryIn the case of a first episode of psychosis among members of different associations of families of mentally ill people, little is known about their priorities and how satisfied they are with the help provided to them. A survey was conducted in five European family associations. Respondents emphasized the need for early (ambulant) intervention through outreach with very practical goals directed at creating stability and social functioning. About one-third of the respondents are unsatisfied or very unsatisfied. The highest percentage of unsatisfied respondents was in the following five areas of care: advice on how to handle specific problems; help with preserving or regaining social functioning; help with regaining structure and routine; information; prompt assistance preferably in patientˈs own environment. The agreement of these findings with findings from earlier studies underlines the importance of suggesting specific changes in the delivery of care.
Overcoming Inequality in Schooling: A Call to Action for Community Psychology
Authors: Weinstein Rhona S. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractCommunity psychology, indeed psychology as a discipline, has been largely absent from the table of school reform. Schools are critical socializing forces in society and serve as the one institution through which the full diversity of our child population passes. At the start of the 21st century, despite successive waves of legislation, the goals of the civil rights struggle for equality in educational opportunity have yet to be achieved. Negative self‐fulfilling prophecies, reflected at individual, interpersonal, institutional, and societal levels, play a critical role in creating and perpetuating unequal opportunities to learn. Such effects as well as pathways for preventive intervention are best understood through ecological lenses. Our field must commit a greater share of resources to collaborative and systemic change for a broader learning so that all children, regardless of their differences, have continuing and nonstigmatized opportunities to develop into competent adults.
2001 INVITED ADDRESS: Empowerment Evaluation: Building Communities of Practice and a Culture of Learning
Authors: Fetterman David M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractEmpowerment evaluation is the use of evaluation concepts, techniques, and findings to foster improvement and self‐determination. Program participants—including clients—conduct their own evaluations: an outside evaluator often serves as a coach or additional facilitator depending on internal program capabilities. Empowerment evaluation has three steps: 1) establishing a mission; 2) taking stock; and 3) planning for the future. These three steps build capacity. They also build a sense of community, often referred to as communities of practice. Empowerment evaluation also helps to create a culture of learning and evaluation within an organization or community.
Sexual assault history and social support: Six general population studies
Authors: Golding Jacqueline M. , Wilsnack Sharon C. , Cooper M. Lynne 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWe evaluated the association of sexual assault history with later social support, operationalized as network size, marital status, presence of a partner, frequency of network contacts, and emotional support from friends and family, from spouse, and from partner. Data came from six independent general population surveys (pooled N = 9,865) whose results were summarized using meta‐analysis. People who had been sexually assaulted were less likely than others to he married (OR = 0.75. 95% CI = 0.65, 0.87) or to report at least weekly contact with friends and relatives (OR = 0.48,95% CI = 0.31, 0.75), and reported less emotional support from friends and family (OR = 0.72,95% CI = 0.58,0.89) and spouse (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.54, 0.82). Results were consistent across studies, genders, and ethnic groups. Circumstances of sexual assault were sometimes related to social support.
The Academic Achievement of African American Students During Early Adolescence: An Examination of Multiple Risk, Promotive, and Protective Factors
Authors: Gutman Leslie Morrison , Sameroff Arnold J. , Eccles Jacquelynne S. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis study examined the effects of multiple risk, promotive, and protective factors on three achievement‐related measures (i.e., grade point average, number of absences, and math achievement test scores) for African American 7th‐grade students (n = 837). There were 3 main findings. First, adolescents had lower grade point averages, more absences, and lower achievement test scores as their exposure to risk factors increased. Second, different promotive and protective factors emerged as significant contributors depending on the nature of the achievement‐related outcome that was being assessed. Third, protective factors were identified whose effects were magnified in the presence of multiple risks. Results were discussed in light of the developmental tasks facing adolescents and the contexts in which youth exposed to multiple risks and their families live.
Molecular, biochemical, and phenotypic analysis of a hemizygous male with a severe atypical phenotype for X‐linked dominant Conradi‐Hunermann‐Happle syndrome and a mutation in EBP
Authors: Milunsky Jeff M. , Maher Thomas A. , Metzenberg Aida B. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractX‐linked dominant Conradi‐Hunermann‐Happle syndrome (CDPX2; MIM 302960) is a rare chondrodysplasia punctata primarily affecting females. CDPX2 is presumed lethal in males, although a few affected males have been reported. CDPX2 is a cholesterol biosynthetic disorder due to 3‐β‐hydroxysteroid‐Δ8,Δ7‐isomerase deficiency caused by mutations in the emopamil binding protein (EBP) gene. A 2.5‐year‐old Caucasian male was followed from the age of 6 weeks and noted to have significant developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, and patchy hypopigmentation. Multiple congenital anomalies included a unilateral cataract, esotropia, crossed renal ectopia, stenotic ear canals, and failure to thrive, requiring G‐tube placement. Multiple minor anomalies and ptosis were noted. No skeletal asymmetry or chondrodysplasia punctata were noted on skeletal survey at 6 weeks and 13 months. An extensive genetic work‐up including cholesterol (126–176 mg/dl) and 7‐dehydrocholesterol was unrevealing. However, the levels of 8(9)‐cholestenol and 8‐dehydrocholesterol were mildly increased in plasma, which was confirmed in cultured fibroblasts. This prompted molecular analysis of the EBP gene, which revealed a novel hemizygous (nonmosaic) mutation in exon 2 (L18P). Two restriction digests were developed that confirmed this mutation in skin fibroblasts, blood, and buccal cells (all nonmosaic). We determined that the patient's mother (adopted) also has the L18P mutation enabling prenatal diagnosis of a normal male fetus. She has normal stature, no asymmetry, no cataracts at this time, and has a patch of hyperpigmentation on her chest best visualized on Woods lamp examination, characteristic of CDPX2. The mild maternal phenotype has been described previously. However, this nonmosaic missense mutation has resulted in a severe phenotype in her surviving son. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of the Climate during Marine Isotope Stage 9 and 11 Inferred from a Speleothem Isotope Record from Northern Norway
Authors: Berstad Ida M. , Lundberg Joyce , Lauritzen Stein-Erik , Linge Henriette C. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractA stalagmite from northern Norway is dated with 12 thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-Th dates, and at least four separate growth periods are identified that correspond with marine isotope stages 9, 11, 13, and probably 15. The calcite is tested for isotopic equilibrium with the Hendy test. Oxygen isotope measurements on 231 subsamples on a vertical transect are used as a paleotemperature proxy. The detailed isotopic record from MIS 9 show apparent similarities to a Holocene record from the same cave, both in the climatic evolution and the overall temperatures: both show temperature oscillations changing from high-frequency, low-amplitude cycles in the beginning of the interglacial period to lower frequency, higher amplitude cycles in the later part of the interglacial period. The isotope record from MIS 11 shows a distinct isotopic event toward heavier values. The isotopic record together with the porous, humus-rich calcite are interpreted as indicating a warmer than present interglacial period with several episodes of heavy rainfall.
Paleoecology of a Middle Wisconsin Deposit from Southern California
Authors: Anderson R. Scott , Power Mitchell J. , Smith Susan J. , Springer Kathleen , Scott Eric 
Published: December 2002

AbstractAnalysis of a buried deposit in the Diamond Valley of southern California has revealed well-preserved pollen, wood, and diatom remains. Accelerator mass spectrometry dates of 41,200±2100 and 41,490±1380 14C yr B.P. place this deposit in marine isotope stage 3. Diatoms suggest a shallow lacustrine environment. Pollen data suggest that several plant communities were present near the site, with grassland, scrub, chaparral, forest, and riparian communities represented. Comparison with modern pollen suggests similarities with montane forests in the nearby San Bernardino and San Jacinto ranges, indicating vegetation lowering by at least 900 m elevation and temperatures 4°–5°C cooler than today. An increase in high-elevation conifer pollen documents climatic cooling near the profile top. Early-profile diatoms are typical of warm water with high alkalinity and conductivity, whereas later diatoms suggest a higher flow regime and input of cooler water into the system. We suggest that the sequence is part of the cooling phase of an interstadial Dansgaard–Oeschger cycle. Records of the middle Wisconsin period are rare in southern California, but the Diamond Valley site is similar to records from Tulare Lake in the San Joaquin Valley and the ODP Site 893A record from Santa Barbara Basin. It is probable that the Diamond Valley assemblage is a local expression of a vegetation type widespread in the ranges and basins of southwestern California during the middle Wisconsin.
Use of antipsychotic agents in Spain through 1985–2000
Authors: Santamaría Blanca , Pérez Magdalena , Montero Dolores , Madurga Mariano , de Abajo Francisco J 
Published: December 2002

SummaryObjective.To analyze the trend of antipsychotic drug consumption in Spain from 1985 to 2000, and the impact of atypical antipsychotics on the overall consumption and on clozapine use.Methods.Data on antipsychotic consumption were drawn from the ECOM database of the Spanish Ministry of Health, which contains the retail community pharmacies sales of medicinal products reimbursed by the National Health System. Data are presented as defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1000 inhabitants per day, for each year. To evaluate the impact of atypical antipsychotics on clozapine use, data from the Spanish “Clozapine Monitoring Program” were analyzed. Consumption data from Nordic countries were obtained from national statistics.Results.The use of antipsychotics in Spain increased progressively from 1.51 DDD/1000 inhabitants/d in 1985 to 5.73 DDD/1000 inhabitants/d in 2000. The pattern of use of individual drugs changed greatly over the study period. In 1985, haloperidol, fluphenazine and thioridazine, all typical antipsychotics, were the drugs most widely used, whereas in 2000, the three drugs most frequently used were risperidone, olanzapine and haloperidol. The introduction of olanzapine in December 1996 reduced the number of new treatments with clozapine to half. Antipsychotic use is still lower in Spain than in Nordic countries, despite the prevalence of schizophrenia being similar worldwide.Conclusions.Antipsychotic agent use in Spain has increased progressively since 1985, reducing the differences between Spain and other European countries (Nordic countries). Substantial differences in the pattern of drug use from 1985 to 2000 have been observed.
Criterion validity of the interpersonal dependency inventory: a preliminary study on 621 addictive subjects
Authors: Loas Gwenolé , Corcos Maurice , Perez-Diaz Fernando , Verrier Annie , Guelfi Julien Daniel , Halfon Olivier , Lang François , Bizouard Paul , Venisse Jean Luc , Flament Martine , Jeammet Philippe ,   the Réseau INSERM n° 494013
Published: December 2002

SummaryThe interpersonal dependency inventory comprised three subscales called Emotional reliance of another person (ER), lack of social self confidence (LSS) and Assertion of autonomy (AUT). Several formula have been developed for deriving whole-scale scores.The aim of the study on 621 addictive subjects was to determine the best formula using the DSM-IV dependent personality disorder as gold standard. The formula 3 ER + LSS – AUT yielded the best values of sensitivity and specificity.
Sexual harassment and PTSD: Is sexual harassment diagnosable trauma?
Authors: Avina Claudia , O'Donohue William 
Published: December 2002

AbstractSexual harassment has become a major social, legal, and mental health problem because of its high prevalence and its negative consequences for victims. These consequences can include decreased productivity, loss of job, decreased income, and impaired psychological and physical well‐being. Despite evidence from empirical studies that victims often exhibit posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, some have argued that sexual harassment does not constitute legitimate trauma. We argue that many forms of sexual harassment meet the diagnostic Criteria A1 and A2 of PTSD, Finally, the DSM‐IV trauma criterion is explicated, and its relationship with sexual harassment and its effects are discussed.