bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function identification of miR159a, a positive regulator during poplar resistance to drought stress
Authors: Fu Tiantian , Wang Chun , Yang Yuzhang , Yang Xiaoqian , Wang Jing , Zhang Lichun , Wang Zeqi , Wang Yanwei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Drought seriously affects the growth and development of plants. MiR159 is a highly conserved and abundant microRNA family that plays a crucial role in plant growth and stress responses. However, studies of its function in woody plants are still lacking. Here, the expression of miR159a was significantly upregulated after drought treatment in poplar, and the overexpression of miR159a (OX159a) significantly reduced the open area of the stomata and improved water-use efficiency in poplar. After drought treatment, OX159a lines had better scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species and damage of the membrane system was less than that in wild-type lines. MYB was the target gene of miR159a, as verified by psRNATarget prediction, RT–qPCR, degradome sequencing, and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5′ RACE). Additionally, miR159a–short tandem target mimic suppression (STTM) poplar lines showed increased sensitivity to drought stress. Transcriptomic analysis comparing OX159a lines with wild-type lines revealed upregulation of a series of genes related to response to water deprivation and metabolite synthesis. Moreover, drought-responsive miR172d and miR398 were significantly upregulated and downregulated respectively in OX159a lines. This investigation demonstrated that miR159a played a key role in the tolerance of poplar to drought by reducing stomata open area, increasing the number and total area of xylem vessels, and enhancing water-use efficiency, and provided new insights into the role of plant miR159a and crucial candidate genes for the molecular breeding of trees with tolerance to drought stress.
Gauging the threat: exposure and attraction of sooty albatrosses and white-chinned petrels to fisheries activities in the Southern Indian Ocean
Authors: Banda Shamiso , Pistorius Pierre , Collet Julien , Corbeau Alexandre , Weimerskirch Henri , Pajot Adrien , Keys Danielle Z , Orgeret Florian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bycatch risk assessments typically rely on spatial overlaps between seabirds and fishing vessels but should also consider seabirds’ position in the attraction spectrum. Investigating seabird-fishery interactions in relation to habitat use is vital for species-specific risk assessments. To address this, we studied interactions between sooty albatrosses (SA) and white-chinned petrels (WCP) with fisheries. GPS data from 20 SA and 18 WCP individuals from Marion Island were analysed alongside Automatic Identification System-derived boat locations over two breeding seasons. We calculated encounter and attraction rates and correlated them with marine habitat characteristics. SA interactions occurred in deeper, warmer waters compared to their foraging habitat when vessels were absent, with 20% of individuals encountering and only 5% being attracted to boats. In contrast, WCP interactions occurred in shallow, warm South African shelf waters, consistent with their typical foraging habitats, with 72% encountering and 56% attracted to boats. These results highlight the need for continued reinforcement of mitigation measures for WCP. Despite the low attraction rates for SA, ongoing vigilance is required due to their smaller population size, which heightens the potential impact of illegal fisheries. The comparison of species along an attraction spectrum contributes to refining risk assessments and informs species-specific conservation strategies.
Advances in robotic lung transplantation: development and validation of a new surgical technique in animal models
Authors: Ascanio Fernando , Royo-Crespo Iñigo , Rosado Joel , Sánchez Leire , Romero Laura , Durán-Rey David , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco , Jauregui Alberto 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe a novel minimally invasive robotic video-assisted approach for lung transplantation, utilizing a minimally invasive technique with a subxiphoid incision, in an animal experimentation model. Two left robotic-assisted single lung transplants were performed in sheep using a robotic surgical system. A subxiphoid incision was made, and robotic ports were inserted into the thoracic cavity for dissection and anastomoses of the bronchus, artery, and pulmonary veins. The integrity of anastomoses was evaluated, and procedural details were recorded. Both animals survived the procedure, with a mean duration of 255 min and a mean console time of 201 min. Anastomoses were performed without complications, and the closed-chest approach with a subxiphoid incision proved successful in preventing gas leakage. The novel approach demonstrated improved exposure and workflow compared to existing techniques. The minimally invasive robotic video-assisted approach for lung transplantation utilizing a closed-chest technique with a subxiphoid incision appears safe and feasible in an animal experimentation model. Further studies in the clinical setting are warranted to establish its feasibility and safety in human lung transplantation. This approach has the potential to offer benefits over the traditional Clamshell incision in lung transplantation procedures.
Remembering Martial Law: An Eco-System of Truth Initiatives and the Emergence of Narrative Documentation in the Philippines
Authors: Destrooper Tine 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
In the Philippines, governmental and civil society actors installed a range of mechanisms to deal with violent legacies of the Marcos regime. Formal truth-telling mechanisms were, however, not part of the early transitional justice architecture, meaning that truth-seeking initially took place as part of other justice efforts. Nonetheless, more recently, a boom in truth, documentation and memorialization processes has resulted in a dynamic eco-system of formal and informal truth initiatives, dealing with Martial Law as well as other violent legacies. This article argues that this eco-system of truth initiatives underlines the importance and potential of foregrounding the dissemination of truths through a decentralized approach to truth-telling, as well as the potential of ‘narrative documentation’ in doing so. I then explore how this eco-systemic approach to truth-telling, and the narrative documentation used as part of it, can be a meaningful strategy in the face of ongoing disinformation campaigns.
Airway and Blood Monocyte Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals an Antiviral Phenotype in Infants With Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: Chappin K , Besteman S B , Hennus M P , Wildenbeest J G , Mokry M , Bont L J , van der Vlist M , Calis J J A ,   PROMISE Investigators, Chappin Klasina , Wildenbeest Joanne , Bont Louis , van der Vlist Michiel , Calis Jorg , Nair Harish , Pollard Andrew , Beutels Philippe , Openshaw Peter , Nohynek Hannah , Teirlinck Anne , Paget John , Heikkinen Terho , Martinón-Torres Federico , Kragten Leyla , Giaquinto Carlo , Diez-Domingo Javier , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Vernhes Charlotte , Janimak Jim , Htar Tin Tin , Aerssens Jeroen , Kumar Veena , Ahani Bahar , Molero Eva 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is the primary cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children &lt;5 years of age. Monocytes, especially in the respiratory tract, are suggested to contribute to RSV pathology, but their role is incompletely understood. With transcriptomic profiling of blood and airway monocytes, we describe the role of monocytes in severe RSV infection.MethodsTracheobronchial aspirates and blood samples were collected from control patients (n = 9) and those infected with RSV (n = 14) who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Monocytes (CD14+) were sorted and analyzed by RNA sequencing for transcriptomic profiling.ResultsPeripheral blood and airway monocytes of patients with RSV demonstrated increased expression of antiviral and interferon-responsive genes as compared with controls. Cytokine signaling showed a shared response between blood and airway monocytes while displaying responses that were more pronounced according to the tissue of origin. Airway monocytes upregulated additional genes related to migration and inflammation.ConclusionsWe found that the RSV-induced interferon response extends from the airways to the peripheral blood. Moreover, RSV induces a migration-promoting transcriptional program in monocytes. Unraveling the monocytic response and its role in the immune response to RSV infection could help the development of therapeutics to prevent severe disease.
Review and assessment of technical and legal challenges in application of unmanned aerial vehicles in monitoring and inspection of bridges
Authors: Adibfar Alireza , Razkenari Mohamad , Costin Aaron 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) initiated a paradigm shift in the operation and management of transportation infrastructure by automating data collection, processing, and management. The drive toward using robotics to automate operational tasks in infrastructure management has gained significant momentum in recent years, with the introduction of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), widely known as drones, being a notable milestone in this endeavor. UAVs reduced cost, time, and labor for tasks such as bridge monitoring while accelerating speed and precision such as structural scanning. Although not explicitly classified within the existing ITS categories, UAVs are becoming widely acknowledged as a valuable tool for improving the intelligent operation and management of transportation systems. Their potential to gather and transmit data in real time offers new opportunities for more accurate and timely decision-making as well as improved safety and efficiency within transportation infrastructure. Nevertheless, significant concerns remain regarding the use of UAVs, particularly in busy highways or densely populated metropolitan areas. Engineering and technical challenges, privacy and safety concerns, potential liabilities, and audio-visual disturbance for the public are among the issues that have impeded the widespread adoption and full integration of UAVs as complementary tools for ITS. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of the potential applications of UAVs for infrastructure and bridge structural health monitoring, while also evaluating the challenges associated with their utilization in this context. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ramifications of these challenges and emphasizes the areas that necessitate further attention and investigation by future research.
Digital twin in transportation infrastructure management: a systematic review
Authors: Yan Bin , Yang Fan , Qiu Shi , Wang Jin , Cai Benxin , Wang Sicheng , Zaheer Qasim , Wang Weidong , Chen Yongjun , Hu Wenbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe concept of digital twin (DT) has emerged as a trend in various industries development, enabling the creation of virtual models of physical objects. We conduct a systematic review of the DT technology in the field of transportation infrastructure management from the aspects of concept definition, whole life cycle application, advanced technology, and equipment utilization, as well as the challenges. We begin with an introduction that defines DT and its components, while also distinguishing it from building information modeling and cyber-physical systems. We explore the diverse applications of DT throughout its lifecycle and highlight the significance of DT in structural monitoring, infrastructure operation and maintenance, and dataset expansion. We further investigate the advanced techniques and equipment associated with DT components, focusing on the importance of virtual parts, data acquisition, transmission, multi-source data fusion processing, and data security as well as dynamic updating of models for effective integration and utilization of DT in transportation infrastructure management. We identify key challenges faced by DT in transportation infrastructure management and propose future trends in the study. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers in understanding the potential of DT technology in transportation infrastructure management.
In-vitro polymicrobial oral biofilm model represents clinical microbial profile and disease progression during implant-related infections
Authors: Dini Caroline , Costa Raphael Cavalcante , Bertolini Martinna , Shibli Jamil Awad , Feres Magda , Klein Marlise Inêz , de Avila Érica Dorigatti , Souza João Gabriel Silva , Barão Valentim Adelino Ricardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Aim
Clinically relevant in-vitro biofilm models are essential and valuable tools for mechanistically dissecting the etiopathogenesis of infectious diseases and test new antimicrobial therapies. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and test a clinically relevant in-vitro oral polymicrobial biofilm model that mimics implant-related infections in terms of microbial profile.

Methods and Results
For this purpose, 24-well plate system was used to model oral biofilms, using three different microbial inoculums to grow in-vitro biofilms: (1) human saliva from periodontally healthy patients; (2) saliva as in inoculum 1 + Porphyromonas gingivalis strain; and (3) supra and subgingival biofilm collected from peri-implant sites of patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Biofilms were grown to represent the dynamic transition from an aerobic to anaerobic community profile. Subsequently, biofilms were collected after each phase and evaluated for microbiological composition, microbial counts, biofilm biomass, structure, and susceptibility to chlorhexidine (CHX). Results showed higher live cell count (P &lt; .05) for biofilms developed from patients’ biofilm inoculum, but biomass volume, dry weight, and microbiological composition were similar among groups (P &gt; .05). Interestingly, according to the checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization results, the biofilm developed from stimulated human saliva exhibited a microbial composition more similar to the clinical subgingival biofilm of patients with peri-implantitis, with proportions of the main pathogens closer to those found in the disease. In addition, biofilm developed using saliva as inoculum was shown to be susceptible to CHX with significant reduction in bacteria compared with biofilms without exposure to CHX (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
The findings suggested that the in-vitro polymicrobial biofilm developed from human saliva as inoculum is a suitable model and clinically relevant tool for mimicking the microbial composition of implant-related infections.
108 Potential of Accelerometers to Remotely Detect Bovine Ephemeral Fever in Heifers Using Pattern Recognition
Authors: Trieu Ly Ly , Bailey Derek W , Cao Huiping , Son Tran Cao , Trotter Mark G , O'Connor Lauren , Tobin Colin T 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF), an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus, is widespread in tropical and subtropical rangelands. It affects cattle with symptoms of fever, lameness, and inappetence, and can be a major economic impact. The goal of this study was to determine if accelerometer data can be used to identify the behavior patterns that occur when heifers become ill from BEF. The study was conducted from 24 August to 2 October 2016 in Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia. Eight heifers were monitored with 3-axis accelerometer sensors attached to collars. During the study, two heifers (1,402 and 1,413) were observed with BEF by the manager on 12 September and 1 October 2016, respectively. In this study, we demonstrated the potential of accelerometer data to autonomously detect the pattern and recognize when the heifers become sick by applying two different approaches, cosine similarity (CS) and deviation from previous behavioral patterns. Movement intensity (MI) and movement variation (MV) were calculated from accelerometer data using 1-minute epochs and then averaged into hour periods. Cosine similarity is a cosine of the angle between two data instances (MI or MV) that can be used to quantify their similarity. The time of illness detection by a veterinarian was compared with CS between the day of prediction and the average of 3 days before the prediction. Deviation is a measurement to calculate the sum or sum squares of the absolute difference of MI or MV between a day of prediction and the mean of 3 days before prediction for each corresponding hour. This approach is based on a hypothesis that when a heifer is sick, the heifer is likely less active during times it is normally active. When the heifer became ill with BEF, there were no similarities between the day of prediction and its 3 previous days resulting in a small CS value and potential illness detection, while there was a large difference between the day of prediction and its 3 previous days resulting in a high deviation value and a potential BEF detection metric. To determine how large deviation is or how small CS is to be considered abnormal behavior, the concept of outliers was evaluated using boxplots. A CS or deviation is an outlier if it is distant from other values of an individual animal. Our approaches show that heifer 1402 had behavioral changes one day before the manager observed BEF, and heifer 1413 had behavioral changes on the same day the manager observed BEF. This case study demonstrates the potential of using accelerometer data to detect disease autonomously. However, more research is to minimize false positives that may occur from other similar diseases, abnormal weather events or cyclical changes in behavior such as ostrus.
46 Next Generation Breeding Technologies Using Genome Editors to Address Animal Welfare and One-Health Challenges
Authors: Telugu Bhanu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Modern animal breeding based on marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer have led to a significant improvement in the performance of domestic animals, and are the basis for a regular supply of high quality animal derived food. However, the current strategy of breeding animals over multiple generations to introduce novel traits is not realistic in responding to the unprecedented challenges faced by animal agriculture. The vast majority of arable land around the world is already under production, with land use being further restricted by urbanization, production of biofuels, and climate change. Production practices related to animal welfare such as castration and dehorning are often vilified and continue to influence public opinion. Finally, risks of global pandemics affecting animals, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, or zoonotic diseases that affect both humans and animals alike (e.g., influenza) are One-Health challenges that need to be tackled. Addressing these pressing challenges requires next generation breeding technologies using genome editors such that permit replacement or transfer of alleles (genetic information) between individuals, lines, breeds, and even species. The animal science community envisions the genome editors, specifically CRISPR/Cas9 system, as essential tools for addressing livestock genetic engineering for agriculture, and One-Health challenges.
119 Pedigree and Population-Based Genomic Inbreeding Trends Over Time in Five Commercial Swine Breeding Populations
Authors: Putz Austin M , Huisman Abe , Steibel Juan P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Controlling inbreeding within a population is critical to maintain additive genetic variance and reduce negative consequences such as inbreeding depression in small, closed herds. Some breeding programs may utilize subjective standard operating procedures (SOPs) such as setting the minimum number of boars, limiting the number of matings per boar, and limiting the relationships among active boars. Software programs such as Matesel can control inbreeding within a population more precisely using evolutionary algorithms by optimizing the mating and selection process to constrain inbreeding at a given target degree or other metric specified (e.g., coancestry). The main problem has been the choice of what relationship matrix to use in constraining inbreeding in these programs. Furthermore, there are many different genomic inbreeding metrics that can be used to quantify inbreeding rates over time. The objective of the current research was to investigate the trends in the pedigree [PED, (A diagonal – 1) * 100] and two population-based genomic inbreeding metrics. One based on expected homozygosity (2pq, Ghom) and one based on drift (squared allele frequency changes, Gdrift). Data included nucleus animals born from 2017 through 2022 from five different genetic lines (lines A-E). Most parents and male selection candidates were genotyped using the commercial 50k SNP panel from GeneSeek. Pedigree was traced back at least 3 generations. A total of 80k animals were sampled from the total number of genotyped animals for computational reasons across line and birth year. Results show that in general, the maternal lines (A and B) showed the least rate of inbreeding over time (0.30 and 0.43% / year for A and B, respectively), while terminal lines were greater, especially line D (0.36 to 0.76% / year). Pedigree inbreeding in 2022 was between 1.48% (line A) to 3.80% (line D) after subtracting the average pedigree inbreeding in 2017. Population-based genomic measures of inbreeding showed a very small difference in line A (0.09%), larger Gdrift than Ghom in line B (1.37%), and larger Ghom than Gdrift in lines C, D, and E (2.87% to 4.38%). In general, the trend for PED and Gdrift was very similar for all lines, while Ghom tended to increase rapidly out of control in the three terminal lines (C-E) in later years. Future research will focus on integrating results from the diagonals of a variety of G matrices on an individual basis (e.g., VanRaden 1 and 2, runs-of-homozygosity, and a linkage-analysis matrix). Results showed the pedigree and genomic drift trends over time were similar, however, the genomic homozygosity trend was much greater in terminal lines.