bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum transport for gate length scaling limit of Si NWFETs based on calibrated k·p Hamiltonian parameters
Authors: Wu Zhenhua , Zhan Guohui , Zhu Tongshuai , Yao Jiaxin , Luo Kun , Zhang Shengli , Yin Huaxiang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We present a comprehensive investigation of quantum transport in silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (Si NWFETs) at the scaling limit. The Si bulk $\bm{k}\cdot\bm{p}$ Hamiltonian parameters are rendered invalid at smaller scales due to pronounced quantum confinement effects. Consequently, nanowire $\bm{k}\cdot\bm{p}$ Hamiltonian parameters are meticulously calibrated using first-principle HSE06 band structures through the fast least square method. Based on the Non-Equilibrium Green's functon(NEGF) formalism, we systematically analyze the performance limits of \textrm{Si} gate-all-around NWFETs under varying gate lengths. With diminishing gate lengths, quantum tunneling from source to drain intensifies, leading to a degradation in subthreshold swing. Our findings reveal that the gate length scaling limit for N-type devices surpasses that of P-type devices, and distinct gate scaling limits are elucidated for varying cross-sectional sizes, for instance, the ultimate scaling limit of a 4 nm $\times$ 4 nm cross-section Si nanowires is approximately 10 nm.
Electric-field-induced crystallization of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin film based on phase-field modeling
Authors: Huang Houbing , Liu Zhaobo , Shi Xiaoming , Wang Jing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Ferroelectricity in crystalline hafnium oxide has attracted considerable attention because of its potential application for memory devices. A recent breakthrough involves electric-field-induced crystallization, allowing HfO2-based materials to avoid high-temperature crystallization, which is unexpected in the back-end-of-line process. However, due to the lack of clarity in understanding the mechanisms during the crystallization process, we aim to employ theoretical methods for simulation, to guide experimental endeavors. In this work, we extended our phase-field model by coupling the crystallization model and time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation to analyze the crystalline properties and the polarization evolution of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin film under applying an electric field periodic pulse. Through this approach, we found a wake-up effect during the process of crystallization and a transformation from orthorhombic nano-domains to the stripe domain. Furthermore, we have proposed an innovative artificial neural synapses concept based on the continuous polarization variation under applied electric field pulses. Our research lays the theoretical groundwork for the advancement of electric-field-induced crystallization in the hafnium oxide system.
AAGCN: A Graph Convolutional Neural Network with Adaptive Feature and Topology Learning
Authors: Wang Bin , Cai Bodong , Sheng Jinfang , Jiao Wenzhe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a growing prevalence of deep learning in various domains, owing to advancements in information technology and computing power. Graph neural network methods within deep learning have shown remarkable capabilities in processing graph-structured data, such as social networks and traffic networks. As a result, they have garnered significant attention from researchers.However, real-world data often face challenges like data sparsity and missing labels, which can hinder the performance and generalization ability of graph convolutional neural networks. To overcome these challenges, our research aims to effectively extract the hidden features and topological information of graph convolutional neural networks. We propose an innovative model called Adaptive Feature and Topology Graph Convolutional Neural Network (AAGCN). By incorporating an adaptive layer, our model preprocesses the data and integrates the hidden features and topological information with the original data's features and structure. These fused features are then utilized in the convolutional layer for training, significantly enhancing the expressive power of graph convolutional neural networks.To evaluate the effectiveness of the adaptive layer in the AAGCN model, we conducted node classification experiments on real datasets. The results validate its ability to address data sparsity and improve the classification performance of graph convolutional neural networks.In conclusion, our research primarily focuses on addressing data sparsity and missing labels in graph convolutional neural networks. The proposed AAGCN model, which incorporates an adaptive layer, effectively extracts hidden features and topological information, thereby enhancing the expressive power and classification performance of these networks.
Some Selected Secondary School Students Perception of the Quality of PGDE Teachers Trained By National Teachers Institute
Authors: Ogbu J.C. , Ganou Morino 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study samples the Perception Of Secondary School Students on the quality of PGDE Teachers produced through National Teachers Institute (NTI) of Nigeria program. The study was guided by four hypothesis and three research questions. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting a sample of 100 Secondary School Students from National Mathematical Centre International Model Science Academy and Government Secondary School Hajj camp. Questionaire containing sixteen items was used to elicit information. The data collected was analysed. The findings were PGDE Teachers produced through NTI program are competent in the general studies aspect of education, competent in their area of specialisation and in the professional aspect of teacher education. Some gray areas were identified in the general studies aspect of education and recommendations were made on how to improve NTI program generally.
Exploring the relationship between parental psychological control and children’s social behavior: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Shuqiong , Wang Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between parental psychological control and children’s social behavior, as well as the mediating role of parent-child conflict and the moderating effect of gender in 676 parents of young children in Shandong Province, China. The results show that (1) parental psychological control is negatively correlated with children’s prosocial behavior and positively correlated with children’s problem behavior; (2) parental psychological control significantly negatively predicts children’s prosocial behavior through parent-child conflict; and (3) parental psychological control can predict children’s problem behavior directly or positively through parent-child conflict. (4) The first half of the mediating effect of parental psychological control → parent-child conflict → children’s social behavior is moderated by gender. The moderating effect reaches a significant level in both boys and girls, and the effect is more prominent in girls than in boys.
Optimizing an electromagnetic wave absorber for Bi-anisotropic metasurfaces based on Toroidal modes
Authors: Aghdasinia Sina , Allahverdizade Hosein , Afkari Ehsan , Ahmadpour behrouz , bemani mohammad 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The design and optimization of an electromagnetic wave absorber for far-field wireless power transmission (WPT) is the subject of this research study. The goal of the research is to effectively absorb energy from ambient RF electromagnetic waves without the usage of a ground plane by employing metasurfaces with chiral components.By integrating trioidal moments into the design theory, the objective is to create a metasurface that functions in two frequency bands and produces high-quality resonance. The study also explores the dual non-homogeneity property of structures, polarization tensor coefficients, and the electromagnetic response of non-homogeneous metasurfaces. Based on the relative orientation of induced fields and moments, it delves deeper into the two basic possibilities for dual non-homogeneous elements. The development of chiral metasurfaces and the notion of electromagnetic chirality and its implications for polarization properties are introduced
Evaluation of the inhibitory potential of flavonoid-rich fraction of Myrica esculenta against DSS-induced colonic inflammation in mice
Authors: Joshi Monika , Pandey Manju , Ved Akash 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Myrica esculenta (family Myricaceae) is a plant species valued in India and China for the management of gut disorders. Scientific validation of its anti-ulcerative colitis activity was aimed.
Methods and Results
The ethyl acetate fraction of Myrica esculenta (MeEa) was prepared and evaluated for its potency against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW oral dose. The effective dose of MeEa was determined through its effect on DSS-induced UC and was further analyzed through its effects on disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colon weight/length ratio, spleen weight, serum and colon tissue cytokine level, cell count (total WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, RBC and platelet) and hemoglobin content. Furthermore, the effect was determined through histopathology and FITC-dextran-induced membrane permeability assay. Between the two doses MeEa at 400 mg/kg BW was found to be the most effective dose in terms of reduced DAI scores, which were increased due to DSS administration, protected colon length from shortening, decreased colon weight/length ratio, reduced spleen weight, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL6, IL8, TNF α and IFN γ) level and stabilized the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) level in serum and colon tissue. MeEa 400 reduced cell counts and increased hemoglobin content and platelet count. Furthermore, MeEa 400 prevented the colon by protecting epithelial cells and crypts. MeEa 400 provided significant protection from intestinal leakage and reduced FITC dextran level in serum.
Conclusions
MeEa 400 possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential and acts via attenuation of DSS-induced UC and inhibition of DAI scores. It reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and stabilizes anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, reduces cell count, and protects epithelial tissue and crypts in the colon as well as intestinal membrane leakage that occurred due to FITC-dextran administration in mice.
Assessing the Relationship between Psoriasis and Thyroid Dysfunction through Two sample MR Analysis
Authors: 郑泓锴 ZhengHongkai , Li Wei , Liang Jingyao , Zhang Sanquan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background:
The association between psoriasis and hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism remains inconclusive, with conflicting findings in prior studies.
Objectives:
This study employs Mendelian randomization methods to assess the potential relationship.
Methods:
Given the inability to accurately observe the link between psoriasis and thyroid dysfunction, we prioritized utilizing known genetic variants to investigate the potential impacts of the disease.We analyzed data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs), FinnGen, and UK Biobank to extract information on psoriasis, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism. Three MR approaches (MR Egger, weighted median, and inverse variance weighted) were used to scrutinize the causal link.
Results:
Our analysis revealed no correlation between psoriasis and hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism. However, psoriasis vulgaris and guttate psoriasis were associated with hypothyroidism/myxedema (IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.00, P = 2.53E-03), and Graves' disease (IVW OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.72-1.01, P = 4.75E-02).In a subsequent analysis, we observed that hypothyroidism with mucinous edema showed no correlation with Graves' disease in the opposite(P = 9.33E-01).
Conclusion:
This MR analysis suggests no association between psoriasis and thyroid dysfunction, but highlights associations of psoriasis vulgaris/guttate with hypothyroidism/myxedema and Graves' disease. In clinical practice, diagnosing guttate psoriasis requires vigilance for associated risks from hypothyroidism and Graves' disease. For patients with both vulgar psoriasis and hypothyroidism, careful monitoring for mucinous edema is crucial, as it may signal a hypothyroid crisis.
Radio-pathomic maps of glioblastoma identify phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor infiltration associated with bevacizumab treatment response
Authors: Bobholz Samuel A. , Hoefs Alisha , Hamburger Jordyn , Lowman Allison K. , Winiarz Aleksandra , Duenweg Savannah R. , Kyereme Fitzgerald , Connelly Jennifer , Coss Dylan , Krucoff Max , Banerjee Anjishnu , LaViolette Peter S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Autopsy-based radio-pathomic maps of glioma pathology have shown substantial promise inidentifying areas of non-enhancing tumor presence, which may be able to differentiate subsets of patients that respond favorably to treatments such as bevacizumab that have shown mixed efficacy evidence. We tested the hypthesis that phenotypes of non-enhancing tumor fronts can distinguish between glioblastoma patients that will respond favorably to bevacizumab and will visually capture treatment response.
Methods
T1, T1C, FLAIR, and ADC images were used to generate radio-pathomic maps of tumor characteristics for 79 pre-treatment patients with a primary GBM or high-grade IDH1-mutant astrocytoma for this study. Novel phenotyping (hypercellular, hypocellular, hybrid, or well-circumscribed front) of the non-enhancing tumor front was performed on each case. Kaplan Meier analyses were then used to assess differences in survival and bevacizumab efficacy between phenotypes. Phenotype compartment segmentations generated longitudinally for a subset of 26 patients over the course of bevacizumab treatment, where a mixed effect model was used to detect longitudinal changes.
Results
Well-Circumscribed patients showed significant/trending increases in survival compared to Hypercellular Front (HR = 2.0, p = 0.05), Hypocellular Front (HR = 2.02, p = 0.03), and Hybrid Front tumors (HR = 1.75, p = 0.09). Only patients with hypocellular or hybrid fronts showed significant survival benefits from bevacizumab treatment (HR = 2.35, p = 0.02; and HR = 2.45, p = 0.03, respectively). Hypocellular volumes decreased by an average 50.52 mm3 per day of bevacizumab treatment (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Patients with a hypocellular tumor front identified by radio-pathomic maps showed improved treatment efficacy when treated with bevacizumab, and reducing hypocellular volumes over the course of treatment may indicate treatment response.
Comparison of heavy metal contamination in sediment, water and Gammarus spp. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in small streams with respect to anthropogenic discharges
Authors: Plaß Lukas , Heid Felix , Windisch Ute 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The entry of heavy metals into rivers affects both the water quality and the biocoenosis of the water bodies. Heavy metals that are discharged with wastewater are distributed with the current and can be stored downstream in the sediment of the watercourse and absorbed by aquatic organisms. The aim of the study is to examine how heavy metals entering water bodies are found in samples of water, sediment, and freshwater amphipods (Gammarus spp.). Several smaller rivers in Hesse and Bavaria are being investigated, establishing a connection to existing wastewater discharge points. For the examined rivers, it is determined that the concentration of heavy metals in sediment is about 10,000 times higher than in a scoop sample of water from the same section of the water body. In the species Gammarus fossarum, G. pulex and G. roeselii, heavy metal concentrations are about 1,000 times higher than those found in the investigated river water. A comparison of heavy metal contents in gammarids and in sediment shows no linear relationship. Gammarids inhabit the bottom of water bodies and the bank area, accumulating heavy metals with their food throughout their lifetime. Due to their high abundance, they serve as accumulation indicators in most smaller rivers. However, the sampling process is labor-intensive, requiring sufficient sample weight and the removal of other macrozoobenthos species. Sampling sediment in water bodies with gravel or fine sediment requires less effort. Water samples can be obtained quickly from any water body. The investigations of the Kössein and Röslau rivers in Bavaria, known for their mercury contamination, show a decrease in heavy metal concentrations over a period of about ten years. Due to the low flow velocity at the Wölsauerhammer weir, elevated levels can still be observed in the settled sediment. Dredging the riverbed and securing the banks of previously heavily contaminated sections lead to an overall decrease in concentrations throughout the river system. Sediment analyses from several sampling sites along the Wieseck river near Trohe, where untreated sewage was discharged for a week, indicate that an increase in heavy metal contamination due to the event can still be detected about a year later. The example of Rosbach in the Taunus region illustrates the suitability of combining different types of samples. Water analysis shows an increase in heavy metal concentrations (including zinc) downstream of a wastewater treatment plant's discharge point, which can be found in the sediment further along the watercourse. The examination of water samples is mainly suitable for short-term monitoring of known contamination events. Conversely, environmental media such as sediment and Gammarus spp. can be used to assess past wastewater discharges. The increase in heavy metal contamination in water bodies due to wastewater discharges is confirmed for both sediment and gammarids.
The complete genome of Tetragonisca angustula (Apidae: Meliponini), the most commonly reared stingless bee in Brazil
Authors: Ferrari Rafael Rodrigues , Ricardo Paulo Cseri , Dias Felipe Cordeiro , Araújo Natália Souza , Soares Dalliane Oliveira , Zhou Qing-Song , Zhu Chao-Dong , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Arias Maria Cristina , Batista Thiago Mafra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background The field of bee genomics has been considerably advanced in recent years, however, the most diverse group of honey producers on the planet, the stingless bees (SLBs), are still largely neglected. In fact, only ten of the ~600 described SLB species have been sequenced, and only one using a long-read (LR) sequencing technology. Here, we sequenced the complete genome of the most common, widespread and broadly reared SLB species in Brazil—Tetragonisca angustula (popularly known as jataí).
Results A total of 48.01 Gb of DNA data were generated, including 2.31 Gb of Pacific Bioscience LRs and 45.70 Gb of Illumina short reads (SRs). Our preferred assembly comprised 705 contigs encompassing 283.99 Mb, 65.94 Mb of which (23.22%) corresponded to 462,261 repetitive elements. N50, L50 and complete BUSCOs reached 1.01 Mb, 94 contigs and 97%, respectively. We predicted that the genome of T. angustula comprises 16,958 protein-coding genes and 1,866 non-coding RNAs. The mitogenome consisted of 17,410 bp, and all 37 genes were found to be on the positive strand, an unusual feature among bees. A phylogenomic analysis of 26 hymenopteran species revealed that six of the 64 orthogroups experiencing rapid evolution in T. angustula included odorant receptor genes, all but one undergoing considerable contractions.
Conclusions Here, we provided the first genome assembly for the ecologically and economically important T. angustula, the second SLB species to be sequenced with LR technology thus far. We demonstrated that even relatively small amounts of LR data in combination with sufficient SR data can yield high-quality genome assemblies for bees.
Effect of Integration of Sports and Medicine on the Intervention of Childhood Simple Obesity
Authors: Zhang Yuanda , Zhang Zhongfang , Tian Lei , Zhang Jie , Liu Caixia 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the effect of the integration of sports and medicine on the intervention of childhood simple obesity.
Methods
This was a prospective study. A total of 206 children with childhood simple obesity who were admitted to Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2021 to September 2022 were recruited as subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table. The first group was an observation group in which interventions were formulated jointly by clinicians, nutritionists and sports professionals. The second group was a control group treated solely under the direction of clinicians. Separately, the two groups of children were followed up for a 1-year intervention and their height, weight, blood glucose, and lipid levels were examined. And, an adherence scale was used to investigate the adherence of the children.
Results
The lost visit rate of the control group was higher than that of the observation group (χ2 = 5.618, P < 0.05). Developmental indicators: the body weight and BMI of the observation group were lower than the baseline value after 1 year of follow-up (t = 4.402, t = 13.852; all P < 0.05); After 1-year follow-up, the body weight and BMI of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (t = 7.358, t = 14.807; all P < 0.05); Laboratory findings: no statistically significant difference was found between the baseline values of PG and HDL-C in the observation group when compared with those after 1 year of follow-up (P > 0.05), while TC, TG, and LDL-C were lower than the baseline values (t = 23.220, t = 17.408, t = 20.305; all P < 0.05); No statistically significant difference was found between the PG, HDL-C, TC, and TG in the control group compared with the baseline values after 1 year of follow-up (P > 0.05), while LDL-C was lower than the baseline values (t = 15.459, t = 14.861, t = 10.331; all P < 0.05). Adherence comparison: the exercise adherence, monitoring adherence, opinion-seeking adherence, and total adherence in the control group were significantly higher than those in the observation group (P < 0.05). Adherence analysis: BMI of the enrolled children was negatively correlated with exercise adherence, monitoring adherence, opinion-seeking adherence and total adherence (r=-0.353, r=-0.656, r=-0.646, r=-0.629; all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
It is not ideal for obese children to lose weight under the guidance of a physician alone. In this regard, the integration of sports and medicine (ISM) can be an effective way to address childhood obesity by developing individualized, standardized, and adherent treatment plans for obese children.