bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Terahertz Refractive Sensing And Fingerprint Recognition Through Metasurface‐Excited Surface Waves
Authors: Zhang Zeyan , Wang Zhuo , Zhang Chao , Yao Zhibo , Zhang Shoujun , Wang Ride , Tian Zhen , Han Jiaguang , Chang Chao , Lou Jing , Yan Xueqing , Qiu Chengwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHigh‐sensitive metasurface‐based sensors are essential for effective substance detection and insightful bio‐interaction studies, which compress light in subwavelength volumes to enhance light–matter interactions. However, current methods to improve sensing performance always focus on optimizing near‐field response of individual meta‐atom, and fingerprint recognition for bio‐substances necessitates several pixelated metasurfaces to establish a quasi‐continuous spectrum. Here, a novel sensing strategy is proposed to achieve Terahertz (THz) refractive sensing, and fingerprint recognition based on surface waves (SWs). Leveraging the long‐range transmission, strong confinement, and interface sensitivity of SWs, a metasurface‐supporting SWs excitation and propagation is experimentally verified to achieve sensing integrations. Through wide‐band information collection of SWs, the proposed sensor not only facilitates refractive sensing up to 215.5°/RIU, but also enables the simultaneous resolution of multiple fingerprint information within a continuous spectrum. By covering 5 µm thickness of polyimide, quartz and silicon nitride layers, the maximum phase change of 91.1°, 101.8°, and 126.4° is experimentally obtained within THz band, respectively. Thus, this strategy broadens the research scope of metasurface‐excited SWs and introduces a novel paradigm for ultrasensitive sensing functions.
Engineering Semi‐Reversed Quantum Well Photocatalysts for Highly‐Efficient Solar‐to‐Fuels Conversion
Authors: Yuan Qing , Huang Jindou , Li Ang , Lu Na , Lu Wei , Zhu Yongan , Zhang Zhenyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSemiconductor quantum wells (QWs) exhibit high charge‐utilization efficiency for light‐emitting applications due to their strong charge confinement effect. Inspired by this effect, herein, this work proposes a new idea to significantly improve the photo‐generated charge separation for attaining a highly‐efficient solar‐to‐fuels conversion process through “semi‐reversing” the conventional QWs to confine only the photo‐generated electrons. This electron confinement‐improved charge separation is implemented in the well‐designed model of the CdS/TiO2/CdS semi‐reversed QW (SRQW) structure. The latter is fabricated by selectively assembling CdS quantum dots (QDs) onto the {101} facets (ultra‐thin edge regions) of the TiO2 nanosheets (NSs). Upon light excitation, the photo‐generated electrons of SRQW can be confined on the TiO2‐{101} facets in the vicinity of the CdS/TiO2 hetero‐interface. Thereby, the continuous multi‐electron injection to the adsorbed reactants on the interfacial active‐sites is significantly accelerated. Thus, the CdS/TiO2/CdS SRQW exhibits ≈35.7 and ≈56.0‐fold enhancements on the photocatalytic activities for water and CO2 reduction, respectively, compared to those of pure TiO2. Correspondingly, its CH4‐product selectivity is increased by ≈180%. This work provides a novel charge separation mechanism, which is of great importance for the design of the next‐generation quantum‐sized photocatalysts for solar‐to‐fuels conversion.
Functionalized Superhydrophobic Coatings with Electro‐Photothermal Effect for All‐Day Durable Anti‐Icing
Authors: Deng Yuanting , Du Feng , Chen Zongbao , Lv Pengyu , Yin Zuozhu , He Ming , Xue Mingshan , Li Hongyuan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces offer notable advantages, including markedly low water affinity and reduced ice adhesion strength. Nevertheless, their practical utility is impeded by their limited durability and vulnerability to failure in cold and humid environments. In this study, a novel approach for devising an electro‐photothermal superhydrophobic (EPS) nanocomposite coating is presented. The findings indicate that the EPS nanocomposite coating exhibits both physical and chemical self‐cleaning attributes, showcasing a synergistic interplay of superhydrophobicity, electrothermal, and photothermal characteristics. The superhydrophobic coating delays icing about four times longer than the original coating. At ambient temperatures of −20 °C, the coating stacked with an electro‐ and photo‐thermal performance de‐icing layer reduces the de‐icing time by about 5 times more than the purely photo‐thermal performance de‐icing time, and reduces the de‐icing time by about 4 times more than the purely electro‐thermal de‐icing time. Furthermore, the EPS surface demonstrates the capability to sustain temperatures above 0 °C through the photothermal effect on sunny days, utilizing both the electrothermal and photothermal effects on cloudy days, and relying on the electrothermal effect during cold nights. The research introduces a novel method for fabricating functional materials, pertinent to practical anti‐icing and de‐icing applications.
Tunable Second Harmonic Generation with Large Enhancement in A Nonlocal All‐Dielectric Metasurface Over A Broad Spectral Range
Authors: Jiang Hui , Sun Kaili , Jia Yuechen , Cai Yangjian , Levy Uriel , Han Zhanghua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, all‐dielectric metasurfaces are profoundly exploited to enhance light‐matter interactions, resulting from the high quality‐factor (Q‐factor) optical resonances that based on novel concepts such as the bound states in the continuum (BIC). Unfortunately, BIC operates at a fixed resonance wavelength and a fixed wavevector for a specific structure. Here, the experimental demonstration of a dielectric nonlocal metasurface capable of robustly maintaining high‐Q resonances is reported, over a broad spectral range, where the specific wavelength is selected by controlling the incident angle. This is enabled by steering infinite‐Q guided modes (GMs) in subwavelength lattices into quasi‐GMs (QGMs), which are accessible by external radiations while retaining the same dispersion as the GMs. Such invaluable characteristics are achieved by harnessing the period‐doubling perturbation, implemented in a nonlocal metasurface structure on top of a lithium niobate (LN) film. Furthermore, spectrally tunable second‐harmonic generations are demonstrated in this structure with an enhancement factor of ≈1200 compare to that of a bare LN film of the same thickness over a large bandwidth. These results suggest that the QGMs supported by all‐dielectric nonlocal metasurfaces provide an excellent platform for enhancing light‐matter interactions with additional desired functionalities of spectral tunability and random selection of the operation wavelength.
Rear Surface Passivation for Ink‐Based, Submicron CuIn(S, Se)2 Solar Cells
Authors: Suresh Sunil , Gidey Abraha T. , Chowdhury Towhid H. , Rondiya Sachin R. , Tao Li , Liu Jian , Vermang Bart , Uhl Alexander R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA N, N‐dimethylformamide and thiourea‐based route is developed to fabricate submicron (0.55 and 0.75 µm) thick CuIn(S,Se)2 (CISSe) thin films for photovoltaic applications, addressing challenges of material usage, throughput, and manufacturing costs. However, reducing the absorber film thickness below 1 µm in a regular CISSe solar cell decreases the device efficiency due to losses at the highly‐recombinative, and mediocre‐reflective Mo/CISSe rear interface. For the first time, to mitigate the rear recombination losses, a novel rear contacting structure involving a surface passivation layer and point contact openings is developed for solution processed CISSe films and demonstrated in tangible devices. An atomic layer deposited Al2O3 film is employed to passivate the Mo/CISSe rear surface while precipitates formed via chemical bath deposition of CdS are used to generate nanosized point openings. Consequently, Al2O3 passivated CISSe solar cells show an increase in the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and short‐circuit current density when compared to reference cells with equivalent absorber thicknesses. Notably, a VOC increase of 59 mV contributes to active area efficiencies of 14.2% for rear passivated devices with 0.75 µm thick absorber layers, the highest reported value for submicron‐based solution processed, low bandgap CISSe solar cells.
Inundation and nutrient assessment of farmed prairie potholes during a cropping season with high precipitation
Authors: Tirtalistyani Rose , Rempe Isaac , Long Leigh Ann , Soupir Michelle , Kaleita Amy , Nahkala Brady 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEnclosed topographical depressions that retain water intermittently are abundant across the prairie pothole region of the United States. These depressional wetlands (potholes) are located at local minimum elevations with small contributing micro‐watersheds. These features are often located in areas where the primary land use is row crop agriculture; thus subsurface tile drainage has been implemented to improve crop production and field accessibility. However, even with drainage improvements, farmed potholes still tend to retain water during high precipitation periods. This study monitored 10 farmed potholes in 2018, a year with 32% more precipitation than the 30‐year average. Potholes were inundated between 12% and 81% of the monitored growing season; the highest inundation percentage occurred in a pothole without surface intakes. Nutrient concentrations in 2018 were lower on average than previously reported for the same potholes, possibly due to higher precipitation and less fertilizer applied because most of the potholes were in soybeans rather than corn. Total nitrogen and nitrate‐N median concentrations were 16.71 and 14.82 mg N L−1 lower (p‐value < 0.0001) during the early season (May 15–July 7) than concentrations in 2016–2017. Total phosphorus and dissolved reactive P median concentrations, conversely, were slightly but significantly lower during the late season (July 8–November 1) with 0.15 and 0.13 mg P L−1 difference (p‐value < 0.01), respectively. Observed DRP concentrations increased by 63% during multiday inundation periods. Our monitoring results suggest during seasons of heavy precipitation, farmed potholes might act as hotspots, contributing elevated levels of P to downstream waters.
Helicene‐type β‐isoindigo‐based boron‐dipyrromethene analogs with strong near‐infrared chiroptical activity
Authors: Chen Ziwei , Ni Zhigang , Chen Xing‐Yu , Xu Yongqiang , Yu Chunyan , Wang SiSi , Wang Xiao‐Ye , Lu Hua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) chiroptical response has been less explored because it is challenging to achieve both chirality and NIR absorption/emission. Herein, we describe the design of heterohelicene‐type β‐isoindigo‐based boron‐dipyrromethene (BODIPY) analogs (β‐IBs), which shift the absorption peak to 800 nm and produce significant Cotton effects (127.8 M−1 cm−1) and absorbance dissymmetry factors (|gabs| = 3.5 × 10−3). The luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) brightness (BCPL) of up to 1.24 × 10−3 and 1.78 M−1 cm−1 were realized beyond 800 nm. These β‐IBs are the first examples of helicene‐type compounds with the highest gabs in the NIR region and CPL beyond 800 nm. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the strong chiroptical activities are triggered by their large transition magnetic dipole moments. This study not only provides a new approach to the synthesis of a larger variety of unprecedented helicene‐type BODIPY analogs but also demonstrates excellent NIR chiroptical properties.
Data‐driven decision‐focused surrogate modeling
Authors: Gupta Rishabh , Zhang Qi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe introduce the concept of decision‐focused surrogate modeling for solving computationally challenging nonlinear optimization problems in real‐time settings. The proposed data‐driven framework seeks to learn a simpler, for example, convex, surrogate optimization model that is trained to minimize the decision prediction error, which is defined as the difference between the optimal solutions of the original and the surrogate optimization models. The learning problem, formulated as a bilevel program, can be viewed as a data‐driven inverse optimization problem to which we apply a decomposition‐based solution algorithm from previous work. We validate our framework through numerical experiments involving the optimization of common nonlinear chemical processes such as chemical reactors, heat exchanger networks, and material blending systems. We also present a detailed comparison of decision‐focused surrogate modeling with standard data‐driven surrogate modeling methods and demonstrate that our approach is significantly more data‐efficient while producing simple surrogate models with high decision prediction accuracy.
c.202_204del in NUP214 causes late onset form of febrile encephalopathy
Authors: Farooqui Sheeba , Narayanan Dhanya Lakshmi , Mascarenhas Selinda , do Rosario Michelle C. , Nair Karthik Vijay , Periyasamy Radhakrishnan , Shukla Anju 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNucleoporins (NUPs) are a group of transporter proteins that maintain homeostasis of nucleocytoplasmic transport of proteins and ribonucleic acids under physiological conditions. Biallelic pathogenic variants in NUP214 are known to cause susceptibility to acute infection‐induced encephalopathy‐9 (IIAE9, MIM#618426), which is characterized by severe and early‐onset febrile encephalopathy causing neuroregression, developmental delay, microcephaly, epilepsy, ataxia, brain atrophy, and early death. NUP214‐related IIAE9 has been reported in eight individuals from four distinct families till date. We identified a novel in‐frame deletion, c.202_204del p.(Leu68del), in NUP214 by exome sequencing in a 20‐year‐old male with episodic ataxia, seizures, and encephalopathy, precipitated by febrile illness. Neuroimaging revealed progressive cerebellar atrophy. In silico predictions show a change in the protein conformation that may alter the downstream protein interactions with the NUP214 N‐terminal region, probably impacting the mRNA export. We report this novel deletion in NUP214 as a cause for a late onset and less severe form of IIAE9.
Vertical climbing in free‐ranging bonobos: An exploratory study integrating locomotor performance and substrate compliance
Authors: Druelle François , Leti Innocent , Bokika Ngawolo Jean‐Christophe , Narat Victor 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectivesEcological factors and body size shape animal movement and adaptation. Large primates such as bonobos excel in navigating the demanding substrates of arboreal habitats. However, current approaches lack comprehensive assessment of climbing performance in free‐ranging individuals, limiting our understanding of locomotor adaptations. This study aims to explore climbing performance in free‐ranging bonobos and how substrate properties affect their behavior.MethodsWe collected data on the climbing performance of habituated bonobos, Pan paniscus, in the Bolobo Territory, Democratic Republic of Congo. We analyzed 46 climbing bouts (12 ascents, 34 descents) while moving on vertical substrates of varying diameter and compliance levels. This study assessed the average speed, peak acceleration, resting postures, and transitions between climbing and other locomotor modes.ResultsDuring climbing sequences and transitions, bonobos mitigate speed variations. They also exhibit regular pauses during climbing and show higher speeds during descent in contrast to their ascent. Regarding the influence of substrate properties, bonobos exhibit higher speed when ascending on thin and slightly flexible substrates, while they appear to achieve higher speeds when descending on large and stiff substrates, by using a “fire‐pole slide” submode.DiscussionBonobos demonstrate remarkable abilities for negotiating vertical substrates and substrate properties influence their performance. Our results support the idea that bonobos adopt a behavioral strategy that aligns with the notion of minimizing costs. Overall, the adoption of high velocities and the use of low‐cost resting postures may reduce muscle fatigue. These aspects could represent important targets of selection to ensure ecological efficiency in bonobos.
Stabilisierung von Acenen: Geländerpentacene
Authors: Ludwig Philipp , Rominger Frank , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWir berichten über aus Pentacen‐5,7,12,14‐tetraon synthetisierte, lösliche, tetrakisbiphenylylsubstituierte Pentacene bestehend aus sp2‐Kohlenstoffen. Intramolekulare Yamamoto‐Kupplung zweier Tetrakis(chlorbiphenylyl)pentacenen führt zu helikalen, zweifach überbrückten Pentacenen, bei denen die Quaterphenyleneinheiten die Pentacene solubilisieren und ihre zentrale Anthraceneinheit in einem noch nie dagewesenen Maße abschirmen. Die kreuzweise verbrückten Pentacene trotzen (Photo‐)Oxidation und Diels–Alder‐Reaktionen, sie sind weniger reaktiv als TIPS‐ethinyliertes Pentacen. Eine Erweiterung dieses Konzeptes könnte den Zugang zu den größeren Acenen ermöglichen.
Exploring the Fate of Copper Ions in the Synthesis of Graphdiyne
Authors: Zhang Lu , Li Junfang , Wei Guoying , Yang Haifeng , Bai Hua , Xi Guangcheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCopper is a crucial catalyst in the synthesis of graphdiyne (GDY). However, as catalysts, the final fate of the copper ions has hardly been concerned, which are usually treated as impurities. Here, it is observed that after simple washing with water and ethanol, GDY still contains a certain amount of copper ions, and demonstrated that the copper ions are adsorbed at the atomic layers of GDY. Furthermore, we transformed in situ the copper ions into ultrathin Cu nanocrystals, and the obtained Cu/GDY hybrids can be generally converted into a series of metal/GDY hybrid materials, such as Ag/GDY, Au/GDY, Pt/GDY, Pd/GDY, and Rh/GDY. The Cu/GDY hybrids exhibit extraordinary surface enhanced Raman scattering effect and can be applied in pollutant efficient enrichment and detection.
Guest‐Facilitated Heteroleptic Assembly of Helical Anionocages Enables Reversible Chirality Modulation
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Ye Xuanli , Yang Zaiwen , Li Anyang , Sheng Xinsong , Wang Qiangqiang , Jia Chuandong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe report a novel strategy for reversible modulation of the supramolecular chirality based on guest‐facilitated heteroleptic assembly of helical anionocages. Two triple‐stranded helical anionocages including a chiral cage 1 (A2L13) and a crown ether functionalized achiral cage 2 (A2L23) were synthesized by anion coordination of bis‐monourea‐based ligands and PhPO32−. Both cages exhibited favorable binding with tetraethylammonium TEA+ and cobaltocenium Cob+ (endo‐guest, bound in the cavity). Additionally, cage 2 could reversibly release and recapture the guests through binding the exo‐guest potassium ions (K+) in the crown ethers and subsequent removal of the K+ by [2,2,2]‐cryptand. The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of cage 1 was not significantly affected by guest encapsulation or mixing with the “empty” cage 2. However, in the presence of both cage 2 and an endo‐guest/exo‐guest, the Cotton effects were reversed at 391 nm and significantly enhanced at 310 nm. This observation was attributed to the guest‐facilitated formation of heteroleptic cages that enabled effective chirality transfer from the chiral to the achiral ligands. The CD changes induced by K+ could be fully reversed by removing it with [2,2,2]‐cryptand. Sequential addition and removal of K+ allowed reversible modulation of the chirality for at least 10 cycles without significant attenuation.
Suppressing Exciton‐Vibration Coupling to Prolong Exciton Lifetime of Nonfullerene Acceptors Enables High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Yufan , He Dan , Wang Chong , Han Xiao , Liu Zesheng , Wang Ke , Zhang Jianqi , Shen Xingxing , Li Jie , Lin Yuze , Wang Chunru , He Yuehui , Zhao Fuwen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe limited exciton lifetime (τ, generally <1 ns) leads to short exciton diffusion length (LD) of organic semiconductors, which is the bottleneck issue impeding the further improvement of power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, efficient strategies to prolong intrinsic τ are rare and vague. Herein, we propose a facile method to efficiently reduce vibrational frequency of molecular skeleton and suppress exciton‐vibration coupling to decrease non‐radiative decay rate and thus prolong τ via deuterating nonfullerene acceptors. The τ remarkably increases from 0.90 ns (non‐deuterated L8‐BO) to 1.35 ns (deuterated L8‐BO‐D), which is the record for organic photovoltaic materials. Besides, the inhibited molecular vibration improves molecular planarity of L8‐BO‐D for enhanced exciton diffusion coefficient. Consequently, the LD increases from 7.9 nm (L8‐BO) to 10.7 nm (L8‐BO‐D). The prolonged LD of L8‐BO‐D enables PM6 : L8‐BO‐D‐based bulk heterojunction OSCs to acquire higher PCEs of 18.5 % with more efficient exciton dissociation and weaker charge carrier recombination than PM6 : L8‐BO‐based counterparts. Moreover, benefiting from the prolonged LD, D18/L8‐BO‐D‐based pseudo‐planar heterojunction OSCs achieve an impressive PCE of 19.3 %, which is among the highest values. This work provides an efficient strategy to increase the τ and thus LD of organic semiconductors, boosting PCEs of OSCs.
Tandem Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Conversion on Atomically Precise Silver Nanocluster/MXene Electrocatalyst
Authors: Liu Lin , Zheng Su‐Jun , Chen Hong , Cai Jinmeng , Zang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO3RR) to synthesize ammonia (NH3) provides a competitive manner for carbon neutrality and decentralized NH3 synthesis. Atomically precise nanoclusters, as an advantageous platform for investigating the NO3RR mechanisms and actual active sites, remain largely underexplored due to the poor stability. Herein, we report a (NH4)9[Ag9(mba)9] nanoclusters (Ag9 NCs) loaded on Ti3C2 MXene (Ag9/MXene) for highly efficient NO3RR performance towards ambient NH3 synthesis with improved stability in neutral medium. The composite structure of MXene and Ag9 NCs enables a tandem catalysis process for nitrate reduction, significantly increasing the selectivity and FE of NH3. Besides, compared with individual Ag9 NCs, Ag9/MXene has better stability with the current density performed no decay after 108 hours of reaction. This work provides a strategy for improving the catalytic activity and stability of atomically precise metal NCs, expanding the mechanism research and application of metal NCs.
Lateral Heterometal Junction Rectifier Fabricated by Sequential Transmetallation of Coordination Nanosheet**
Authors: Tan Choon Meng , Fukui Naoya , Takada Kenji , Maeda Hiroaki , Selezneva Ekaterina , Bourgès Cédric , Masunaga Hiroyasu , Sasaki Sono , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Mori Takao , Sirringhaus Henning , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHeterostructures of two‐dimensional materials realise novel and enhanced physical phenomena, making them attractive research targets. Compared to inorganic materials, coordination nanosheets have virtually infinite combinations, leading to tunability of physical properties and are promising candidates for heterostructure fabrication. Although stacking of coordination materials into vertical heterostructures is widely reported, reports of lateral coordination material heterostructures are few. Here we show the successful fabrication of a seamless lateral heterojunction showing diode behaviour, by sequential and spatially limited immersion of a new metalladithiolene coordination nanosheet, Zn3BHT, into aqueous Cu(II) and Fe(II) solutions. Upon immersion, the Zn centres in insulating Zn3BHT are replaced by Cu or Fe ions, resulting in conductivity. The transmetallation is spatially confined, occurring only within the immersed area. We anticipate that our results will be a starting point towards exploring transmetallation of various two‐dimensional materials to produce lateral heterojunctions, by providing a new and facile synthetic route.