bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic–inorganic interface enhancement for boosting mechanical and tribological performances of carbon fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Ma Shanshan , Fei Jie , Yan Jifeng , Liu Longqi , Huang Qiyue , Zhou Man , Li Hejun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe limitation in the poor interface would severely affect the further development and application of carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP). Unique organic–inorganic hybrid architectures of MOF‐5‐NH2 and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were established on the fiber/matrix interphase for promoting mechanical and tribological performances of the composites. The existence of above interfacial reinforced structure was in favor of generating abundant micromechanical interaction sites for enhancing mechanical interlocking. Meanwhile, high‐density chemical crosslinking networks played a positive role in elevating interfacial adhesion, further relieving stress concentration and hindering crack propagation. The tensile strength of CFRP‐2, CFRP‐3, CFRP‐4, and CFRP‐5 exhibited a significant rising of 27.18%, 30.64%, 27.75%, and 36.88%, respectively. The friction coefficient of MOF‐5‐NH2/CMC modified sample increased from 0.0953 to 0.1219, while the drop in the wear rate of the composites achieved 68.51%. This work provides an effective method for achieving the structure–function integrated design of composite materials according to the organic–inorganic interface enhancement of MOF‐5‐NH2/CMC.
Association of Somatic TET2 Mutations With Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Robinette Michelle L. , Weeks Lachelle D. , Kramer Ryan J. , Agrawal Mridul , Gibson Christopher J. , Yu Zhi , Sekar Aswin , Mehta Arnav , Niroula Abhishek , Brown Jared T. , McDermott Gregory C. , Reshef Edith R. , Lu Jonathan E. , Liou Victor D. , Chiou Carolina A. , Natarajan Pradeep , Freitag Suzanne K. , Rao Deepak A. , Ebert Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveGiant cell arteritis (GCA) is an age‐related vasculitis. Prior studies have identified an association between GCA and hematologic malignancies (HMs). How the presence of somatic mutations that drive the development of HMs, or clonal hematopoiesis (CH), may influence clinical outcomes in GCA is not well understood.MethodsTo examine an association between CH and GCA, we analyzed sequenced exomes of 470,960 UK Biobank (UKB) participants for the presence of CH and used multivariable Cox regression. To examine the clinical phenotype of GCA in patients with and without somatic mutations across the spectrum of CH to HM, we performed targeted sequencing of blood samples and electronic health record review on 114 patients with GCA seen at our institution. We then examined associations between specific clonal mutations and GCA disease manifestations.ResultsUKB participants with CH had a 1.48‐fold increased risk of incident GCA compared to UKB participants without CH. GCA risk was highest among individuals with cytopenia (hazard ratio [HR] 2.98, P = 0.00178) and with TET2 mutation (HR 2.02, P = 0.00116). Mutations were detected in 27.2% of our institutional GCA cohort, three of whom had HM at GCA diagnosis. TET2 mutations were associated with vision loss in patients with GCA (odds ratio 4.33, P = 0.047).ConclusionsCH increases risk for development of GCA in a genotype‐specific manner, with the greatest risk being conferred by the presence of mutations in TET2. Somatic TET2 mutations likewise increase the risk of GCA‐associated vision loss. Integration of somatic genetic testing in GCA diagnostics may be warranted in the future.
Enamine/Iminium‐based Dual Organocatalytic Systems for Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis
Authors: Gambhir Diksha , Singh Sanjay , Singh Ravi P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rational combination of two catalysts to expedite the construction of chiral complex biologically and pharmacologically relevant chiral compounds has widely gained momentum over the past decade. In particular, enamine or iminium catalysis ensuing from the activation of aldehyde or ketone by chiral amine catalysts in conjugation with other organocatalytic cycles has facilitated several asymmetric transformations to yield the enantioenriched products. Regardless of the considerable discussion on the various dual catalytic approaches, literature lacks a comprehensive review focusing on the enamine and iminium‐based dual organocatalytic systems. Thus, this review article has discussed the noteworthy achievements in the field of asymmetric catalysis and synthesis catalyzed by the enamine and iminium‐based dual organocatalytic systems.
Carbonylative ring expansion of oxetane into γ‐butyrolactone using bimetallic cobaltate catalysts: Insight into the deactivation mechanism
Authors: Ganesan Vinothkumar , Yoon Sungho 
Published: November 2023

Abstractγ‐butyrolactones and their derivatives serve as the fundamental building blocks for a wide range of biologically significant and synthetically challenging natural products, which find extensive applications in various high‐demand chemicals. In this study, we have successfully established a facile and atom‐efficient synthesis of γ‐butyrolactones through the carbonylative ring expansion of oxetanes. We employed both homogeneous and heterogenized bimetallic catalysts ([HCP‐TPPM][Co(CO)4], where HCP refers to hyper cross‐linked polymer and TPP denotes tetraphenylporphyrin, with M = Cr3+ and Al3+). While the homogeneous catalysts exhibited remarkable activity, the heterogeneous catalysts offered the distinct advantages of facilitating product separation and enabling catalyst recycling. Notably, during the catalyst recycling studies, we observed a decrease in catalytic activity attributed to cobaltate leaching. The hypothesis of cobaltate leaching through β‐hydrogen elimination was validated by comparative studies using substrates with and without β‐hydrogen in both batch and continuous flow catalytic processes.
fNIRS‐based evaluation of the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection central auditory processing
Authors: Yaman Handan , Yılmaz Oğuz , Hanoğlu Lütfü , Bayazıt Yıldırım 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesCoronavirus disease‐2019 due to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection has been associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric illnesses as well as auditory system problems. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on the central auditory system by assessing the hemodynamic activation changes using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsThree participants who had SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (study group) and four participants who had no SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (control group) were included in the study. During the auditory oddball task in which two different frequencies of tonal stimulation were presented at 80 dB HL, the participants were asked to pay attention to the rare tonal stimulation and mentally count these target stimuli throughout the task. During this task, oxygenated hemodynamic response functions were evaluated with fNIRS.ResultsSignificantly increased oxygenated hemodynamic responses were observed in both groups during the task (p < .05), which was significantly higher in the study group (p < .05). Significantly more HbO activation was observed in the vmPFC, superior temporal gyrus, and medial temporal gyrus in the study group compared to controls (p < .05). Significantly higher hemodynamic activation was observed in the right hemisphere in both groups, which was significantly higher in the study group (p < .05).ConclusionSARS‐CoV‐2 infections may impact on central auditory processing or auditory attention due to changes in oxyhemoglobin levels in the frontal and temporal brain regions. It seems that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is associated with an additional load on neural activity, and difficulties in focusing in auditory attention, following speech and hearing in noise as well as increased effort to perceive auditory cues.
Effects of physical activity and exercise on Nucleobindin‐2 gene expression and Nesfatin‐1 concentration: A rapid review
Authors: Rahmati Saleh , Mohammadi Behnam , Karimi‐Mehr Zahra , Broom David Robert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this rapid review is to examine the research evidence that presents the effects of physical activity and exercise on Nucleobindin‐2 (NUCB2) gene expression and Nesfatin‐1 concentration. Five databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, and Google Scholar) were searched for eligible studies from the earliest available date to August 2023. In human studies, Nesfatin‐1 concentration either remains unchanged or increases after exercise training. It appears that higher exercise intensity and longer duration of training accentuate the increase of blood Nesfatin‐1 concentration. The few human studies that have examined the acute response of exercise on Nesfatin‐1 concentration from blood draws show conflicting results. There is a severe lack of biopsy studies in humans which warrants attention. All published animal studies have used the mouse model. The majority show that regular exercise training increases tissue NUCB2/Nesfatin‐1. In some animal studies, where the effects of exercise on tissue Nesfatin‐1 concentration has been seen as significant, there has been no significant effect of exercise on plasma Nesfatin‐1 concentration. All animal studies evaluated the effect of endurance training except one which used resistance training. No animal studies have investigated the effects of acute exercise, which warrants investigation. In conclusion, human and animal studies have shown that physical training can increase NUCB2/Nesfatin‐1, but research evidence examining the effect of acute exercise is in its infancy. In addition, future comparative studies are needed to compare the effects of different training protocols on NUCB2/Nesfatin‐1 in humans and animals.
Computational Design of α‐Conotoxins to Target Specific Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes
Authors: Wu Xiaosa , Hone Arik J. , Huang Yen‐Hua , Clark Richard J. , McIntosh J. Michael , Kaas Quentin , Craik David J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are drug targets for neurological diseases and disorders, but selective targeting of the large number of nAChR subtypes is challenging. Marine cone snail α‐conotoxins are potent blockers of nAChRs and some have been engineered to achieve subtype selectivity. This engineering effort would benefit from rapid computational methods able to predict mutational energies, but current approaches typically require high‐resolution experimental structures, which are not widely available for α‐conotoxin complexes. Herein, five mutational energy prediction methods were benchmarked using crystallographic and mutational data on two acetylcholine binding protein/α‐conotoxin systems. Molecular models were developed for six nAChR subtypes in complex with five α‐conotoxins that were studied through 150 substitutions. The best method was a combination of FoldX and molecular dynamics simulations, resulting in a predictive Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.68 (85 % accuracy). Novel α‐conotoxin mutants designed using this method were successfully validated by experimental assay with improved pharmaceutical properties. This work paves the way for the rapid design of subtype‐specific nAChR ligands and potentially accelerated drug development.
Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon from Wheat Bran Agro‐Waste: Applications in Carbon Dioxide Capture, Dye Removal, Oxygen and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Koli Amruta , Kumar Abhishek , Pattanshetti Akshata , Supale Amit , Garadkar Kalyanrao , Shen Jian , Shaikh Jasmin , Praserthdam Supareak , Motkuri Radha Kishan , Sabale Sandip 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis work reports an efficient method for facile synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon (WB‐AC) utilizing wheat bran waste. Obtained carbon showed 2.47 mmol g−1 CO2 capture capacity with good CO2/N2 selectivity and 27.35 to 29.90 kJ mol−1 isosteric heat of adsorption. Rapid removal of MO dye was observed with a capacity of ~555 mg g−1. Moreover, WB‐AC demonstrated a good OER activity with 0.35 V low overpotential at 5 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 115 mV dec−1. It also exhibited high electrocatalytic HER activity with 57 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 82.6 mV dec−1. The large SSA (757 m2 g−1) and total pore volume (0.3696 cm3 g−1) result from N2 activation contributing to selective CO2 uptake, high and rapid dye removal capacity and superior electrochemical activity (OER/HER), suggesting the use of WB‐AC as cost effective adsorbent and metal free electrocatalyst.
Does corporate social responsibility drive financial performance? Exploring the significance of green innovation, green dynamic capabilities, and perceived environmental volatility
Authors: Aftab Junaid , Abid Nabila , Sarwar Huma , Amin Anam , Abedini Mahsa , Veneziani Monica 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental success can only become a reality when the financial goals of firms are not compromised. Based on this proposition, the study aimed to investigate four relationships, including the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on financial performance, mediation of green dynamic capabilities (GDCs) between CSR and green innovation (GI), mediation of GI between CSR and financial performance, and moderation of perceived environmental volatility in GI and financial performance nexus. A sample of 655 manufacturing firms was collected from Pakistan to test the proposed hypotheses, and structural equation modeling was conducted. The results demonstrate a positive significant influence of CSR on financial performance. In addition, the mediation of GDCs and GI has also been confirmed. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that high environmental volatility weakens the GI and financial performance nexus. The study results offer unique contributions to the literature and interesting suggestions for practicing emerging economy managers.
Structural Changes to the Gd‐DTPA Complex at Varying Ligand Protonation State
Authors: Summers Thomas J. , O'Brien Ravi D. , Sobrinho Josiane A. , de Bettencourt‐Dias Ana , Cantu David C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) is a chelating agent whose complex with the Gd3+ ion is used in medical imaging. DTPA is also used in lanthanide‐actinide separation processes. As protonation of the DTPA ligand can facilitate dissociation of the Gd3+ ion from the Gd‐DTPA complex, this work investigates the coordination structures of the aqueous Gd3+ ion and its environment when chelated by DTPA in eight different DTPA protonation states. Both classical and ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are conducted to model the solvated complexes. Extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements of the Gd3+aqua ion, and the Gd‐DTPA complex at pH 1 and 11, are compared to EXAFS spectra predicted from the MD simulations to verify the accuracy of the MD structures. The findings of this work provide atomic‐level details into the fluctuating Gd‐DTPA complex environment as the DTPA ligand gradually detaches from the Gd3+ ion with increased protonation.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Indole Allylic Alkylation with Chiral Phosphoramidite‐Selenide‐Based Ligands
Authors: Feng Bin , Zhang Yun‐Fan , Li Shan , You Ge‐Yun , Xuan Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEnvironmental Engineering Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials A Pd/phosphoramidite‐selenide‐catalyzed highly enantioselective C‐3 allylic alkylation with a wide range of indole nucleophiles has been developed, giving the corresponding products with up to 95 % yield and 99 % ee.
Quality indicators for Delphi studies
Authors: Landeta Jon , Lertxundi Aitziber 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Delphi method is a technique of social research that seeks to obtain a reliable group opinion from experts. It was first created for military purposes in the mid‐1950s. Since then, its use in the scientific field has continued to spread to different disciplines and aims. Despite this expansion, however, not set of indicators of the quality of Delphi studies has yet to be developed that might provide the reader—whether an expert in the technique or not—with some framework of reference whereby to gauge what credibility should be afforded to the results of the study. In this paper, following a thorough review of the literature on the criteria used to assess Delphi studies and the items of evaluation recommended for inclusion in Delphi reports, we determine what characteristics a quality evaluation indicator for this technique should have and propose a battery of indicators based on these characteristics, which should for preference be included in the final report of a Delphi study. The proposed indicators focus on three areas that are particularly relevant to the quality of Delphi research: the quality of the panel of participating experts, the way in which relevant information is obtained from the experts, and the quality of the interaction generated among the experts.
Association of multimorbidity patterns with motoric cognitive risk syndrome among older adults: Evidence from a China longitudinal study
Authors: Xiong Feiyang , Wang Yizhong , Zhu Jun , Li Shixue , Guan Qiangdong , Jing Zhengyue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesMotoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a pre‐dementia syndrome, is characterized by slow gait and subjective cognitive complaints among older adults. This study assessed the relationship between multimorbidity, its patterns, and MCR.MethodsData for this study were obtained from three waves (2011, 2013, and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants who were aged 60 years and older and had complete data at baseline as well as complete data about MCR at follow‐up were selected. Patients without MCR at baseline were selected for further analyses. Longitudinal associations between multimorbidity, its patterns, and MCR were examined using a Cox proportional hazards model. Multimorbidity patterns were classified using latent class analysis.ResultsA total of 4923 respondents were included at baseline, 43.47% of whom had multimorbidity. Additionally, the prevalence of MCR at baseline was 12.61%. After adjusting for covariates, multimorbidity was positively associated with MCR (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.68). A higher number of multimorbidity was also significantly associated with an increased risk of developing MCR (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02–1.19). Three multimorbidity patterns were selected: relatively healthy pattern, respiratory pattern, and cardiovascular pattern. Older adults with the cardiovascular pattern were 1.57 times more likely to develop MCR than those with the relatively healthy pattern (HR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.16–2.13). There was no significant difference between the relatively healthy pattern and the respiratory pattern (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.91–1.92).ConclusionsMCR is highly prevalent among older Chinese adults. MCR may be exacerbated by multimorbidity. For older adults with multimorbidity (especially cardiovascular multimorbidity), attention should be paid to MCR to achieve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.
Delirium in older patients with COVID‐19: Prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes across the first three waves of the pandemic
Authors: Minnema Julia , Tap Lisanne , van der Bol Jessica M. , van Deudekom Floor J. A. , Faes Miriam C. , Jansen Steffy W. M. , van der Linden Carolien M. J. , Lucke Jacinta A. , Mooijaart Simon P. , van Munster Barbara , Noordam Raymond , van Raaij Bas F. M. , Ruiter Rikje , Smits Rosalinde A. L. , Willems Hanna C. , Mattace‐Raso Francesco U. S. , Polinder‐Bos Harmke A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesDelirium is a serious condition, which poses treatment challenges during hospitalisation for COVID‐19. Improvements in testing, vaccination and treatment might have changed patient characteristics and outcomes through the pandemic. We evaluated whether the prevalence and risk factors for delirium, and the association of delirium with in‐hospital mortality changed through the pandemic.MethodsThis study was part of the COVID‐OLD study in 19 Dutch hospitals including patients ≥70 years in the first (spring 2020), second (autumn 2020) and third wave (autumn 2021). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to study risk factors for delirium, and in‐hospital mortality. Differences in effect sizes between waves were studied by including interaction terms between wave and risk factor in logistic regression models.Results1540, 884 and 370 patients were included in the first, second and third wave, respectively. Prevalence of delirium in the third wave (12.7%) was significantly lower compared to the first (22.5%) and second wave (23.5%). In multivariable‐adjusted analyses, pre‐existing memory problems was a consistent risk factor for delirium across waves. Previous delirium was a risk factor for delirium in the first wave (OR 4.02), but not in the second (OR 1.61) and third wave (OR 2.59, p‐value interaction‐term 0.028). In multivariable‐adjusted analyses, delirium was not associated with in‐hospital mortality in all waves.ConclusionDelirium prevalence declined in the third wave, which might be the result of vaccination and improved treatment strategies. Risk factors for delirium remained consistent across waves, although some attenuation was seen in the second wave.
Changes in aspartate metabolism in the medial‐prefrontal cortex of nicotine addicts based on J‐edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Yu Miaomiao , Lin Liangjie , Xu Ke , Xu Man , Ren Jianxin , Niu Xiaoyu , Gao Xinyu , Zhang Mengzhe , Yang Zhengui , Dang Jinghan , Tao Qiuying , Han Shaoqiang , Wang Weijian , Cheng Jingliang , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to explore the changes of the aspartate (Asp) level in the medial‐prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of subjects with nicotine addiction (nicotine addicts [NAs]) using the J‐edited 1H MR spectroscopy (MRS), which may provide a positive imaging evidence for intervention of NA. From March to August 2022, 45 males aged 40–60 years old were recruited from Henan Province, including 21 in NA and 24 in nonsmoker groups. All subjects underwent routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and J‐edited MRS scans on a 3.0 T MRI scanner. The Asp level in mPFC was quantified with reference to the total creatine (Asp/Cr) and water (Aspwater‐corr, with correction of the brain tissue composition) signals, respectively. Two‐tailed independent samples t‐test was used to analyze the differences in levels of Asp and other coquantified metabolites (including total N‐acetylaspartate [tNAA], total cholinine [tCho], total creatine [tCr], and myo‐Inositol [mI]) between the two groups. Finally, the correlations of the Asp level with clinical characteristic assessment scales were performed using the Spearman criteria. Compared with the control group (n = 22), NAs (n = 18) had higher levels of Asp (Asp/Cr: p = .005; Aspwater‐corr: p = .004) in the mPFC, and the level of Asp was positively correlated with the daily smoking amount (Asp/Cr: p < .001; Aspwater‐corr: p = .004). No significant correlation was found between the level of Asp and the years of nicotine use, Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ), or Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS‐11) score. The elevated Asp level was observed in mPFC of NAs in contrast to nonsmokers, and the Asp level was positively correlated with the amount of daily smoking, which suggests that nicotine addiction may result in elevated Asp metabolism in the human brain.