bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 Emisyonunu Etkileyen Göstergeler: Gelişmiş ve Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler Analizi
Authors: Fındıkçı Erdoğan Mefule 
Published: October 2023

Sürdürülebilir bir kalkınma stratejisi oluşturulurken, ekonomik büyüme ve çevre koruma arasındaki denge kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu dengenin sağlana bilmesi için çevre ve ekonomik kalkınma ilişkisinin yön ve şeklinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Çevresel faktörler ekonomik, sosyal ve demografik göstergelerin bir yan etkisi olarak oluştuğu gibi bu göstergeleri de etkilemektedir. Özellikle son dönemlerde ortaya çıkan çevre kirliliği ve iklim değişikliğinin ekonomik, finansal, sosyal, demografik etkilerinin bireysel, kurumsal ve toplumsal sonuçları izlenmeden kaliteli gelişme ve kalkınma sürecinin tasarlanması mümkün gözükmemektedir. Bu bağlamda çevresel faktörleri etkileme ve etkilenme şeklinin belirlenmesi oluşturulacak politika kararları açısından yol gösterici bir niteliğe sahip olacaktır. Çalışmada, çevre kirliliğini etkileyen faktörlerin gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çevre kirliliği göstergesi olarak literatürde sıklıkla ele alınan CO2 emisyonu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 2009-2020 dönemi için seçilmiş gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan 62 ülkenin verileri kullanılarak CO2 emisyonunu etkileyen göstergeler dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemi ile irdelenmiştir. Çalışmada kişi başına milli gelir, enerji yoğunluğu, yüksek teknoloji ihracatı ve nüfus göstergeleri ele alınırken ayrıca çalışmada küresel ekonomik faaliyetlerin sekteye uğradığı COVID-19 dönemi kukla değişken olarak modele dahil edilmiş ve dönemin CO2 emisyonuna etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından CO2 emisyonunun göstergelerden etkilenme yönünün farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir.
Surgical treatment of respiratory tuberculosis patients in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts during the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Grischenko N. G. , Krasnov D. V. , Naryshkina S. L. , Skvortsov D. A. 
Published: October 2023

The objective: to analyze the quality of phthisiosurgical care in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts monitored by Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute (NTRI).Subjects and Methods. Statistical reports for 2019 from phthisiosurgical departments of 17 Russian regions within the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts were analyzed. The reports refl ected the initial period of the pandemic.Results. The analysis of the quality of phthisiosurgical care in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts covered the areas monitored by Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute, the Russian Ministry of Health. The main performance rates of phthisiosurgical departments of 17 Russian regions are presented for 2019, they demonstrate a positive trend, and their facilities and resources have signifi cantly improved. The trend towards reduction of phthisiosurgical beds is observed in the regions, which may be due to the service centralization and improved access to surgical and high-tech care in federal institutions. Surgical departments possesses substantial reserves for increasing the number of surgeries, one of which is the revision of cohorts.
ANALISIS KOMPARATIF TINGKAT KESEHATAN KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM DI KABUPATEN KAUR
Authors: Kresnawati Kresnanawati , Lestari Puji , Fitria Desi , Yusmaniarti Yusmaniarti 
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam di Kabupaten kaur. Karena banyak ksp yang tidak melakukan Rapat Anggota Tahunan (RAT), melakukan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan-ketentuan internal maupun eksternal koperasi, koperasi yang tidak melakukan aktivitas operasionalnya dan atas permasalahan tersebut maka koperasi akhirnya berstatus pasif dan harus dibekukan. Sehingga peneliti melakukan penelitian terhadap 8 koperasi sebgai sampel dan peneliti dapat menganalisis perbandingan antar koperasi dilihat dari aspek Permodalan, Kualitas Aktiva Produktif, Manajemen, Efisiensi, Likuiditas, Kemandirian dan Pertumbuhan serta Jati Diri Koperasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan catatan laporan keungan koperasi simpan pinjam tahun 2017-2018. Data yang digunakan yaitu data kuantitatif dimana data tersebut didapat langsung dari masing-masing KSP. Dengan populasi sebanyak 74 ksp dan sampel sebanyak 8 ksp. Dalam pengumpulan datanya peneliti menggunakan metode dokumentasi, studi pustaka dan kuisioner sedangkan untuk teknik analisis data penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan Rasio berdasarkan Peraturan Mentri Negara Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Republik Indonesia Nomor: 06/Per/Dep.6/IV/2016 guna memperoleh skor tingkat kesehatan koperasi simpan pinjam. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan KSP di Kabupaten Kaur yang berjumlah 8 Koperasi Simpan Pinjam pada tahun 2017, 6 KSP dengan Predikat Cukup Sehat dan 4 KSP dengan predikat Dalam Pengawasan. dan pada tahun 2018, 4 koperasi mendapat pedikat cukup sehat dan 4 koperasi lagi memiliki pedikat dalam pengawasan. Dari hasil penelitian ini ada beragam predikat yang diperoleh masing-masing ksp di kabupaten kaur ini bisa menjadi panduan untuk setiap koperasi agar mampu meningkatkan kinerjanya berdasarkan aspek yang dinilai dalam pengawasan agar kinerja koperasi tersebut bisa lebih bail lagi dan dapat bertahan lama menjalankan tujuannya.
Pelatihan Microsoft Excel Menuju Dunia Professional Bagi Smk Putra Pertiwi Pamulang
Authors: Syihab Faizah , Harianti Ati 
Published: October 2023

Pentingnya peran sumber daya manusia dalam kelangsungan suatu organisasi membuat pemahaman dan keterampilan dalam berbagai bidang menjadi krusial. Di antara keterampilan tersebut, kemampuan dalam mengolah data menggunakan aplikasi seperti Microsoft Excel memegang peranan penting, khususnya dalam mengorganisir dan menganalisis data berupa teks dan angka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada 47 orang dari SMK Putra Pertiwi Pamulang, mengenai penggunaan Microsoft Excel dalam dunia kerja untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam pengolahan data. Penelitian dilaksanakan melalui media online Zoom. Metode pelatihan lebih menekankan pada praktik, dengan teori sebesar 30% dan praktik sekitar 70%. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan semangat tinggi dari para peserta selama pelatihan. Mereka aktif berpartisipasi dalam sesi tanya jawab dan pengerjaan praktik riil. Diskusi bersama narasumber juga berjalan interaktif, membantu peserta dalam memahami penggunaan Microsoft Excel dan pentingnya pembacaan data dan hasil output
Primary Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices for Boosting Students Creativity and Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Ahmad Mujtaba , Nishtar Zuhaib , Naz Dr. Farah Latif 
Published: October 2023

Within the context of primary education, teachers are essential in helping pupils in enhancing their creativity skills. The main goal of this study consisted to find out how teachers felt about these skills, how important they were, and how they affected their teaching practices; to assess how these skills were used in the classroom; to ascertain whether the beliefs and practices aligned; and to offer recommendations based on the best available evidence. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study discovered that primary teachers regularly link their beliefs about the importance of creativity and critical thinking with the activities that take place in the classroom. Nonetheless, there are difficulties due to real-world limitations including resource scarcity and standardized testing. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to provide these abilities through resource allocation, continual professional development, and supportive learning environments in schools. Overall, the results demonstrate how important it is for primary teachers to have an impact on their children' cognitive development and provide guidance to stakeholders who want to improve critical thinking in primary education to meet today's learning objectives.
Otimizando a saúde: o papel da medicina do estilo de vida no manejo da tireoidite de Hashimoto
Authors: Cavalcanti Mariana Cordeiro Neves 
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A tireoidite de Hashimoto é caracterizada por uma inflamação crônica autoimune da tireoide e que atinge cerca de 5% da população adulta. Os sintomas associados, como fadiga, confusão mental, ganho de peso, edema, dores musculares e articulares, depressão e ansiedade, impactam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O diagnóstico é confirmado pela presença de altos níveis de anticorpos peroxidase tireoidiana (ANTI-TPO), variáveis ao longo da vida, e o prognóstico é diretamente influenciado pela a eficácia diagnóstica e terapêutica. O tratamento padrão atual envolve reposição hormonal com levotiroxina, niveladas por exames de T4 e TSH. Apesar do tratamento, os pacientes enfrentam desafios em sua saúde. Dada a alta prevalência e o impacto na qualidade de vida, a Medicina do Estilo de Vida oferece uma perspectiva inovadora. Focando em atividade física, redução do estresse, sono adequado e conexões sociais, essa abordagem promissora busca melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, oferecendo soluções multifacetadas para o manejo da condição. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa explora a adaptação das estratégias da Medicina do Estilo de Vida para pacientes com tireoidite de Hashimoto, visando enriquecer práticas clínicas. Metodologia: Esta revisão bibliográfica analisou intervenções da Medicina do Estilo de Vida na tireoidite de Hashimoto, usando bases como PubMed, Google Scholar e Scopus para encontrar estudos relevantes publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Após seleção e análise crítica, a revisão destacou a eficácia dessas intervenções e identificou lacunas para pesquisas futuras. Resultados: A atividade física regular melhorou sintomas e qualidade de vida, incluindo benefícios cognitivos e emocionais. Estratégias de redução do estresse, como Mindfulness, diminuíram ansiedade e depressão, além de modular a resposta autoimune. Ademais, intervenções na qualidade do sono também aumentam energia e bem-estar. Apoio social sólido foi crucial, melhorando hábitos de vida e resiliência através de grupos de apoio. Assim, a Medicina do Estilo de Vida desempenha um papel vital no manejo da tireoidite de Hashimoto. Conclusão: Este estudo destaca a importância de uma abordagem holística no tratamento da tireoidite de Hashimoto, indo além da medicação. Profissionais de saúde devem integrar essas intervenções da Medicina do Estilo de Vida nos cuidados, otimizando resultados clínicos e qualidade de vida. Além disso, são necessárias mais pesquisas para compreender os mecanismos subjacentes a essas intervenções e desenvolver protocolos personalizados para atender às necessidades específicas de cada paciente.
Effect of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pavlou Vasiliki , Cienfuegos Sofia , Lin Shuhao , Ezpeleta Mark , Ready Kathleen , Corapi Sarah , Wu Jackie , Lopez Jason , Gabel Kelsey , Tussing-Humphreys Lisa , Oddo Vanessa M. , Alexandria Shaina J. , Sanchez Julienne , Unterman Terry , Chow Lisa S. , Vidmar Alaina P. , Varady Krista A. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceTime-restricted eating (TRE) has become increasingly popular, yet longer-term randomized clinical trials have not evaluated its efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).ObjectiveTo determine whether TRE is more effective for weight reduction and glycemic control than daily calorie restriction (CR) or a control condition in adults with T2D.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis 6-month, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was performed between January 25, 2022, and April 1, 2023, at the University of Illinois Chicago. Participants were aged 18 to 80 years with obesity and T2D. Data analysis was based on intention to treat.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: 8-hour TRE (eating 12 to 8 pm only, without calorie counting), CR (25% energy restriction daily), or control.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was change in body weight by month 6. Secondary outcomes included changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and metabolic risk factors.ResultsSeventy-five participants were enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 55 (12) years. The mean (SD) body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) was 39 (7) and the mean (SD) HbA1c level was 8.1% (1.6%). A total of 53 participants (71%) were women. One participant (1%) was Asian, 30 (40%) were Hispanic White, 40 (53%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 4 (5%) were non-Hispanic White. Participants in the TRE group were adherent with their eating window on a mean (SD) of 6.1 (0.8) days per week, and 17 (68%) in the CR group were adherent with their prescribed calorie goals over 6 months. The mean (SD) reduction in energy intake was −313 (509) kcal/d for TRE, −197 (426) kcal/d for CR, and −16 (439) kcal/d for controls. By month 6, body weight decreased significantly in the TRE group (−3.56% [95% CI, −5.92% to −1.20%]; P = .004) but not the CR group (−1.78% [95% CI, −3.67% to 0.11%]; P = .06), relative to controls. Levels of HbA1c decreased in the TRE (−0.91% [95% CI, −1.61% to −0.20%]) and CR (−0.94% [95% CI, −1.59% to −0.30%]) groups, relative to controls, with no differences between the TRE and CR groups. Time in euglycemic range, medication effect score, blood pressure, and plasma lipid levels did not differ among groups. No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusions and relevanceThis randomized clinical trial found that a TRE diet strategy without calorie counting was effective for weight loss and lowering of HbA1c levels compared with daily calorie counting in a sample of adults with T2D. These findings will need to be confirmed by larger RCTs with longer follow-up.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05225337
Achieving High Carrier Mobility And Thermal Stability in Plainified Rhombohedral GeTe Thermoelectric Materials with zT > 2
Authors: Zhang Min , Gao Ziheng , Lou Qianhui , Zhu Qi , Wang Jiangwei , Han Zhongkang , Fu Chenguang , Zhu Tiejun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGeTe is a very promising thermoelectric material, but the presence of massive intrinsic Ge vacancies leads to an overhigh hole concentration and poor thermal stability. Counter doping is commonly employed to reduce the hole concentration, which, however, unavoidably deteriorates the carrier mobility. Here, it is found that the intrinsic hole concentration in the rhombohedral phase is much lower than that in the cubic phase, owing to the higher formation energy of Ge vacancy in the former. With this recognition, the hole concentration of GeTe can be tuned to its optimum value simply by annealing below the phase transition temperature. As a result, “compositional plainification” is realized in the high‐performance GeTe‐based thermoelectrics with significantly reduced amounts of counter dopants and hetero‐alloys. A high carrier mobility of 150 cm2 V−1 s−1 is realized in GeTe at 300 K, which is much higher than that in conventional counter‐doped ones (≤60 cm2 V−1 s−1). More importantly, GeTe‐based compounds, with suppressed intrinsic vacancies, exhibit good thermal stability and reproducibility of thermoelectric performance. A high peak figure of merit, zT, of 2.14 at 670 K is obtained in Ge0.93Bi0.03Pb0.04Te. This work highlights the importance of understanding and regulating the intrinsic vacancy for high‐performance GeTe thermoelectrics.
Unveiling the Synergistic Potential of Laser Chemical Solid‐Phase Deposition of Atomic Platinum‐Metal Layer on 2D Materials for Bifunctional Catalysts
Authors: Yi Wendi , Yu Ruohan , Jiang Haoqing , Wu Jinsong , Cheng Gary J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe formation of high‐density atomic metal layers on 2D materials enhances catalytic device development by providing a large surface area, precise control over active sites, and enhanced reactivity. Here, pulsed laser‐induced chemical solid‐phase deposition (LCSD) is introduced for achieving high‐density atomic metal layers. By leveraging high‐density plasma generated via pulsed nanosecond laser irradiation of thin salt layers on 2D materials, atomic‐scale metals are deposited onto abundant nucleation sites, creating dense atomic‐metal layers. This study engineers layered double hydroxide (LDH) materials layered with atomic platinum‐based alloys, exhibiting exceptional catalytic activity for overall water splitting. LDH's excellent oxygen evolution performance combined with remarkable advances in hydrogen evolution catalysis are achieved. Introducing a second element improves Pt layer dispersion and uniformity, resulting in extraordinary Pt distribution density and minimal overpotential. The LDH and Pt‐metal combination creates powerful synergistic effects, significantly enhancing catalytic performance and enabling superior bifunctional catalysts for water splitting. LCSD effectively fabricates stable nanocomposites designed for electrocatalytic applications, leveraging unique structures of atom‐scale metal‐supported composite 2D materials, enhancing overall electrocatalytic performance. This breakthrough impacts energy conversion and environmental protection, broadening electrocatalysis and revolutionizing atom‐scale metal‐supported composite 2D materials. Its practical applications span various areas, contributing to sustainable energy solutions and environmental preservation.
Electrospun Highly Aligned IGZO Nanofiber Arrays with Low‐Thermal‐Budget for Challenging Transistor and Integrated Electronics
Authors: He Bo , He Gang , Zhu Li , Cui Jingbiao , Fortunato Elvira , Martins Rodrigo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMetal oxide field‐effect transistors (MOFETs) represent a promising technology for applications in existing but alsoemerging large‐area electronics. Simultaneously, the rise of 1D nanomaterials with unique properties, represented by nanofibers (NFs), has also energized research. Thus, developing 1D nanofiber networks (NFNs) to act as the potential building blocks for use in fundamental elements of transistors is considered to be a promising approach torealize high‐performance 1D electronics. However, high processing temperatures and disordered nanofiber distribution represent two remaining technical challenges. Here, electrospun highly aligned IGZO (a‐IGZO) nanofiber arrays with low‐thermal‐budget of 350 °C and impressive device characteristics are achieved, including a μFE of 5.63 cm2 V–1 s–1 and superior on/off current ratio of ≈107. When ALD‐derived high‐k HfAlOx thin films are employed as gate dielectrics, the source/drain voltage (VDS) can be substantially reduced by ten times to a range of only 03 V, along with a three times improvement in mobility to a respectable value of 15.9 cm2 V–1 s–1. Successful integrations of logic operation, sensor, and flexible devices implies the potential prospect of a‐IGZO NFN FETs in multifunctional electronics. The strategy for combining cryogenic processes and parallel arrays provides a feasible and reliable route in building future low‐power, high‐performance flexible electronics.
Low Oxygen Content MoOx and SiOx Tunnel Layer Based Heterocontacts for Efficient and Stable Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells Approaching 22% Efficiency
Authors: Li Jingjie , Kang Qian , Wang Yanhao , Zhou Zixiao , Sun Zhaoqing , Zhang Hai , Lu Wanyu , Tao Xianglin , Zhang Shan‐Ting , Chen Xiaoqing , Zheng Zilong , Yan Hui , Li Dongdong , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells, the hole transport layer (HTL) made of high oxygen content MoOx (x > 2.85, H‐MoOx) evaporating from molybdenum trioxide is not ideal due to low optical bandgap and interface reaction effects. This limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of c‐Si solar cells. To improve this, low oxygen content MoOx (x < 2.85, L‐MoOx) with a wide bandgap of 3.87 eV, deposited using molybdenum dioxide (MoO2), is explored and implemented. The c‐Si/SiOx (FGA, forming gas annealing)/L‐MoOx heterojunction has a low contact resistivity of ≈15.06 mΩ cm2, which is almost one order of magnitude lower than that of c‐Si/SiOx(FGA)/H‐MoOx heterojunction. Using L‐MoOx as the HTL, a c‐Si solar cell based on the SiOx passivation layer shows a fill factor of 84.38% and PCE of 21.75%, representing the highest efficiency for MoOx‐based p‐type c‐Si solar cells. Scanning transmission electron microscopy results show that the L‐MoOx HTL effectively enhances the stability of c‐Si solar cells when exposed to air by reducing Ag and Si element diffusion into MoOx. This successful preparation of efficient and stable MoOx HTL films, while preserving their field‐effect passivation ability, provides valuable insights into the development of high‐performance HTL.
Entropic Ligand Mixing for Engineering 2D Layered Perovskite from Colloidal Monolayer Building Blocks
Authors: Massasa Emma. H. , Strassberg Rotem , Shechter Reut , Dror Shaked , Khalfin Sasha , Shaek Saar , Khristosov Maria Koifman , Hadar Ido , Bekenstein Yehonadav 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLayered 2D perovskites are solution‐processed quantum‐wells. Their effective band‐gap is determined via the inorganic perovskite layer thickness and exciton quantum confinement effects. Alternatively, by changing the organic moieties, one can tune the dielectric constant and distance between the monolayers modifying the excitonic interactions. In colloidal perovskites, a dynamic equilibrium exists between the free organic moieties in the solution and the surface of the nanocrystal. Colloidal synthesis is used to make single monolayer L2PbBr4 platelets and assemble these into layered 2D stacks. In the experiment, L is an alkylamine surface ligand whose length (4‐18 carbons) determines the interlayer distances between the quantum‐wells. The dynamic equilibrium of ligand mixtures in solution and perovskite surfaces leads to optimal mixing of the molecules. During the self‐assembly of monolayers, the distance between the inorganic layers is thus engineered. The interlayer distance is proportional to the average ligand mixture length. This results in controlled interactions between the 2D‐excitons, enabling red‐shifted absorption and emission and extended lifetimes for longer alkyl chains. Using entropic mixing of ligands for the engineering of 2D excitonic interactions is therefore demonstrated. Formation of layered 2D perovskites from colloidal building blocks allows intermixing of dissimilar materials opening possibilities for new heterostructures and junctions.
Abrasive Wear in The Leg Joints of Insects
Authors: Nadein Konstantin , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe presence of wear of the joint cuticle of the beetle legs is demonstrated experimentally and is represented by abrasive wear. Presence of the abrasive wear in the natural‐habiting beetles of various families is also established. Abrasive wear comprises of both two‐body and three‐body wear as a result of the action of particles that have entered the joint. The presence of the sliding wear in the absence of abrasive particles is not found. The wear effects are represented by microcuttings, indentations, cracking, delamination, brittle fracturing, and destruction of the surface layer (epicuticle). The correlation of quantitative indicators of wear between the types of experimental substrates (paper, wood, sand) and the length of exposure of beetles on a particular substrate turned out to be very weak. It is hypothesized that the lubricating material in the leg joints of beetles may provide an anti‐wear function by binding particles and facilitating their removal thereby reducing surface damage by sharp asperities, and protecting the damaged surface to prevent further wear.