bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial diversity and abundance vary along salinity, oxygen, and particle size gradients in the Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Cram Jacob A. , Hollins Ashley , McCarty Alexandra J. , Martinez Grace , Cui Minming , Gomes Maya L. , Fuchsman Clara A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMarine snow and other particles are abundant in estuaries, where they drive biogeochemical transformations and elemental transport. Particles range in size, thereby providing a corresponding gradient of habitats for marine microorganisms. We used standard normalized amplicon sequencing, verified with microscopy, to characterize taxon‐specific microbial abundances, (cells per litre of water and per milligrams of particles), across six particle size classes, ranging from 0.2 to 500 μm, along the main stem of the Chesapeake Bay estuary. Microbial communities varied in salinity, oxygen concentrations, and particle size. Many taxonomic groups were most densely packed on large particles (in cells/mg particles), yet were primarily associated with the smallest particle size class, because small particles made up a substantially larger portion of total particle mass. However, organisms potentially involved in methanotrophy, nitrite oxidation, and sulphate reduction were found primarily on intermediately sized (5–180 μm) particles, where species richness was also highest. All abundant ostensibly free‐living organisms, including SAR11 and Synecococcus, appeared on particles, albeit at lower abundance than in the free‐living fraction, suggesting that aggregation processes may incorporate them into particles. Our approach opens the door to a more quantitative understanding of the microscale and macroscale biogeography of marine microorganisms.
Novel evolutionary insights on the interactions of the Holosporales (Alphaproteobacteria) with eukaryotic hosts from comparative genomics
Authors: Giovannini Michele , Petroni Giulio , Castelli Michele 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHolosporales are an alphaproteobacterial order engaging in obligate and complex associations with eukaryotes, in particular protists. The functional and evolutionary features of those interactions are still largely undisclosed. Here, we sequenced the genomes of two members of the species Bealeia paramacronuclearis (Holosporales, Holosporaceae) intracellularly associated with the ciliate protist Paramecium, which resulted in high correspondence. Consistent with the short‐branched early‐divergent phylogenetic position, Bealeia presents a larger functional repertoire than other Holosporaceae, comparable to those of other Holosporales families, particularly for energy metabolism and motility. Our analyses indicate that different Holosporales likely experienced at least partly autonomous genome reduction and adaptation to host interactions, for example regarding dependence on host biotin driven by multiple independent horizontal acquisitions of transporters. Among Alphaproteobacteria, this is reminiscent of the convergently evolved Rickettsiales, which however appear more diverse, possibly due to a probably more ancient origin. We identified in Bealeia and other Holosporales the plasmid‐encoded putative genetic determinants of R‐bodies, which may be involved in a killer trait towards symbiont‐free hosts. While it is not clear whether these genes are ancestral or recently horizontally acquired, an intriguing and peculiar role of R‐bodies is suggested in the evolution of the interactions of multiple Holosporales with their hosts.
Effect of probiotic incorporation on physicochemical attributes of yogurt during storage and influence on cholesterol assimilation
Authors: Younas Shoaib , Murtaza Mian Anjum , Manzoor Muhammad Sajid , Arqam Ukasha , Ali Zeshan , Hafiz Iram , Anees Ur Rehman Muhammad , Imran Muhammad 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the incorporation effect of probiotic culture (Lactobacillus acidophilus) in buffalo milk yogurt on stability and microbial survival rate during storage. In addition, the influence of probiotic culture on blood lipid profiles was investigated for a period of 6 weeks. Yogurt was prepared with buffalo milk with different probiotic concentrations (0, 100, and 50%) and administered to subjects at 300 g/day. All treatments showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in acidity and pH during storage for 21 days at refrigeration temperature, while treatment with 100% probiotic culture (G2) was most prominent. Physicochemical analysis demonstrated a maximum pH decline of 0.60 in G2, followed by 0.56 in the mix cultured (G3). However, increasing trend was observed in acidity, with highest increment of 0.89% followed by 0.54% in G2 and G3, respectively. Storage study of total viable count demonstrated the reduction in the enumeration of microbial population owing to the production of organic acids, while L. acidophilus had a high survival rate of 5.25 log 10 CFU/g. Probiotic culture produced significant results in the lipid profile of subjects. Treatments containing probiotic bacteria G2 and G3 showed the lowest total cholesterol (183.57 and 182.85 mg/dL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) (105.80 106.40 mg/dL), respectively. In terms of high density lipoproteins (HDL), G2 showed a highest increment of 49.82 mg/dL. Results of our study revealed that consumption of probiotic yogurt is beneficial for human health by improvement of blood lipid profiles and reduces cardiovascular patient's percentage around the globe.Practical ApplicationExperimental investigation of the effect of probiotic culture addition on the stability of buffalo milk yogurt. Assessment of the potential of Lactobacillus acidophilus on blood lipid profiles.
Liraglutide does not increase heart rate of diabetic patients during acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Qianyi , Wu Chunxuan , Sun Shiqun , Yang Lingchao , Li Yanyan , Niu Yixin , Zhang Li , Li Wei , Yu Ying 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists have been shown to reduce all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The probable increase in heart rate hinders its early usage in acute myocardial infarction patients. In our study, we aimed to find out whether the use of liraglutide in patients with acute myocardial infarction as early as at the time of hospitalization would increase the heart rate.MethodsThis was an observational retrospective study. From December 2020 to August 2021, 200 patients with acute myocardial infarction were included in our study and divided into three groups: T2DM + liraglutide group (n = 46), T2DM + non‐liraglutide group (n = 42), and non‐T2DM group (n = 112). The primary outcomes were the differences in heart rate. Secondary outcomes were differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.ResultsThere were no significant differences in heart rate among the three groups at admission, the day before the first shot of liraglutide, and before discharge. There was also no significant difference in heart rate between diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction and those on liraglutide during the hospital stay. And there were no differences of beta‐blocker dosages among the three groups. Liraglutide did not affect the blood pressure during acute myocardial infarction.ConclusionsLiraglutide did not increase the heart rate in diabetic patients during acute myocardial infarction and did not lead to an increase in the dose of beta‐blockers in the patients. It also had no effect on blood pressure and showed better efficacy in lowering glucose levels without additional hypoglycemic events.image
Giving and taking social support at work: An experience sampling study among coworker dyads
Authors: Zeijen Marijntje E. L. , Petrou Paraskevas , Bakker Arnold B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious research has shown that both receiving support and providing support enhance employee well‐being and work engagement. In the current study, we integrate social exchange theory (SET) and conservation of resources (COR) theory to investigate under which conditions receiving and providing daily support are most likely to occur. Specifically, we test the hypotheses that receiving requested support and reciprocating received support are more likely when the support is requested or received from a co‐worker who perceives the quality of the exchange relationship as high (vs. low), and less likely when the support is requested or received from a co‐worker high (vs. low) on workaholism. To test these hypotheses, we collected data among 45 employees and their co‐workers during two moments per day for five consecutive working days (N = 90 participants; N = 614 work episodes). Multilevel analyses supported all hypotheses, except for the moderating effect of partner's workaholism on the link between receiving and providing support. These findings imply that receiving and providing support do not occur automatically but are dependent on characteristics of the exchange relationship and the exchange partner. We discuss the implications for SET and COR theories, as well as practical implications.
Salvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy after carbon ion radiotherapy to the prostate
Authors: Shiota Masaki , Tsukahara Shigehiro , Takamatsu Dai , Tanegashima Tokiyoshi , Ueda Shohei , Blas Leandro , Goto Shunsuke , Kobayashi Satoshi , Matsumoto Takashi , Inokuchi Junichi , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Eto Masatoshi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study presents the surgical and oncological outcomes of salvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) after carbon ion radiotherapy at a single institution.MethodsPatients who underwent salvage RARP for local recurrence after carbon ion radiotherapy at Kyushu University Hospital between 2020 and 2023 were included. A single surgeon performed salvage RARP with extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Clinicopathological characteristics and perioperative and postoperative outcomes were prospectively collected and electronically recorded.ResultsTen cases were included. The preoperative clinical T‐stage was T2, except for one case with T3a. The median console time was 171 min (range, 135–226 min). No severe perioperative or postoperative complications were noted. The pathological T‐stage was T2, T3a, and T3b in four, four, and two cases, respectively. Biochemical recurrence was observed in one patient at 31.2 months after surgery. For patients with more than 1 year of follow‐up, urinary continence recovery with ≤1 pad was achieved in two cases within 1 year, whereas four cases did not recover urinary continence within 1 year.ConclusionsThis case series demonstrated the feasibility of salvage RARP after carbon ion radiotherapy. Although the urinary continence recovery was modest, short‐term disease control was favorable.
CCDC88C variants are associated with focal epilepsy and genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Chen Yu‐Jie , Wang Wen‐Jie , Zou Dong‐Fang , Luo Jun‐Xia , Jin Pei‐Yan , Jin Liang , Liu Xiao‐Rong , Liao Wei‐Ping , Li Bin , Chen Yong‐Jun ,   For the China Epilepsy Gene 1.0 Project
Published: January 2024

AbstractCCDC88C gene, which encodes coiled‐coil domain containing 88C, is essential for cell communication during neural development. Variants in the CCDC88C caused congenital hydrocephalus, some accompanied by seizures. In patients with epilepsy without acquired etiologies, we performed whole‐exome sequencing (trio‐based). Two de novo and two biallelic CCDC88C variants were identified in four cases with focal (partial) epilepsy. These variants did not present or had low frequencies in the gnomAD populations and were predicted to be damaging by multiple computational algorithms. Patients with de novo variants presented with adult‐onset epilepsy, whereas patients with biallelic variants displayed infant‐onset epilepsy. They all responded well to anti‐seizure medications and were seizure‐free. Further analysis showed that de novo variants were located at crucial domains, whereas one paired biallelic variants were located outside the crucial domains, and the other paired variant had a non‐classical splicing and a variant located at crucial domain, suggesting a sub‐molecular effect. CCDC88C variants associated with congenital hydrocephalus were all truncated, whereas epilepsy‐associated variants were mainly missense, the proportion of which was significantly higher than that of congenital hydrocephalus‐associated variants. CCDC88C is potentially associated with focal epilepsy with favorable outcome. The underlying mechanisms of phenotypic variation may correlation between genotype and phenotype.
Challenges in evaluating pelvic floor physiotherapy based strategies in low anterior resection syndrome: a systematic review and qualitative analysis
Authors: Lambrineas Lauren J. , Brock Henry G. , Ong Hwa Ian , Tisseverasinghe Santha , Carrington Emma , Heriot Alexander , Burgess Adele , Proud David , Mohan Helen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimPhysiotherapy is an established treatment strategy for low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). However, data on its efficacy are limited. This is in part due to the inherent challenges in study design in this context. This systematic review aims to analyse the methodology of studies using pelvic floor physiotherapy for treatment of LARS to elucidate the challenges and limitations faced, which may inform the design of future prospective trials.MethodologyA systematic review of the literature was undertaken through MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library, yielding 345 unique records for screening. Five studies were identified for review. Content thematic analysis of study limitations was carried out using the Braun and Clarke method. Line‐by‐line coding was used to organize implicit and explicit challenges and limitations under broad organizing categories.ResultsKey challenges fell into five overarching categories: patient‐related issues, cancer‐related issues, adequate symptomatic control, intervention‐related issues and measurement of outcomes. Adherence, attrition and randomization contributed to potential bias within these studies, with imbalance in the baseline patient characteristics, particularly gender and baseline pelvic floor function scores. Outcome measurements consisted of patient‐reported measures and quality of life measures, where significant improvements in bowel function according to patient‐reported outcome measures were not reflected in the quality of life scores.ConclusionUpcoming trial design in the area of pelvic floor physiotherapy for faecal incontinence related to rectal cancer surgery can be cognisant of and design around the challenges identified in this systematic review, including the reduction of bias, exclusion of the placebo effect and the potential cultural differences in attitude towards a sensitive intervention.
The economic costs of alcohol‐related harms at the local level in New South Wales
Authors: Crosland Paul , Angeles Mary Rose , Noyes Jonathon , Willman Arlita , Palermo Melissa , Klarenaar Paul , Howse Eloise , Ananthapavan Jaithri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlcohol is a harmful, toxic and addictive substance that causes many diseases and injuries. Alcohol use also incurs a financial cost to the health care system and wider economy. This project aimed to undertake a cost impact analysis of alcohol‐related harms at the local level in New South Wales (NSW). The alcohol‐related harms costing model is an interactive tool designed for use by local health districts, stakeholders such as Liquor and Gaming NSW, NSW Independent Liquor and Gaming Authority and community stakeholders.MethodsCosts included in the analysis were alcohol‐related hospitalisations, deaths, crimes, emergency department attendances, outpatient presentations and their impacts on productivity. Two local government areas (LGA) were used as case studies to demonstrate local impacts.ResultsIn 2019–2020, the total cost of alcohol‐related harms for NSW was estimated at $9 billion, at a rate of $120.3 million per 100,000 population. The total costs were comprised of alcohol‐attributable premature mortality ($8.3 billion), non‐fatal health care costs ($275 million) and crime costs ($457 million). A comparative analysis of two case study LGAs estimated that alcohol‐related harms cost $195 million for the Northern Beaches LGA and $351 million for the Central Coast LGA.Discussion and ConclusionsThis research has developed a ‘proof‐of‐concept’ model to estimate the cost of alcohol‐related harms at the local level in Australia, empowering health agencies and local community stakeholders to use economic evidence in their submissions in response to new liquor licence applications and other policies that impact their local community. This economic evidence can be used to improve the quality of decisions on alcohol regulation and policies. There are a number of future research opportunities that would enhance the economic evidence available to liquor licensing decision‐makers.
Modified endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy vs. laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in children
Authors: Zhang Anding , Zhang Yalong , Fan Na , Hui Yaxing , Zhou Ying , Zeng Lingchao , Wang Chunhui , Shang Lei , Qi Ke , He Xiaobao , Lin Yan , Jiang Xun 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesModified endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (mERAT) has been proposed as an alternative to laparoscopic appendectomy for the treatment of appendicitis. However, data from children in large samples are lacking. The aim of this article is to evaluate the efficacy between mERAT and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) in children with uncomplicated appendicitis.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed 594 patients with suspected uncomplicated appendicitis from October 2018 to May 2021. A pool of 294 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria were ultimately enrolled in this study (228 and 66 patients in mERAT and LA, respectively). Given the differences in baseline clinical data (gender, age), the regression equation including differences in clinical baseline, grouping factor, and white blood cell count was established to address the influence of potential confounding factors.ResultThe initial success rate of mERAT management was 96.9%, and the recurrence rate was 6.9% in the mERAT group and 1.7% in the LA group within 1 year, which was no significant difference. But the mERAT group had a lower rate of adverse events. Finally, those results indicated that the treatment modalities, LA or mERAT, had no significant effect on initial success rate (P = 0.99) or recurrence rate (P = 0.17) within 1 year, but a significant effect on the adverse events rate during hospitalization (P = 0.01) in the multivariate regression analysis.ConclusionAmong children with uncomplicated appendicitis, an initial mERAT management strategy had a success rate of 96.9%, which was similar to the LA group at 1 year. This follow‐up supports the feasibility of mERAT alone as an alternative to surgery for uncomplicated appendicitis.
Equine rotaviruses: A review of old and new
Authors: Eertink Lianne G. , Wang Dan , Li Feng , Adam Emma N. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryRotaviral infection is the most common cause of foal diarrhoea, leading to severe dehydration and electrolyte derangements, which, left untreated, can be rapidly fatal. Until 2021, equine rotaviruses of group A (ERVA) were considered to be the only rotaviruses affecting horses; however, equine rotavirus group B (ERVB) has recently been identified in association with neonatal foal diarrhoea outbreaks. ERVA has been observed globally in many countries with large equine industries. Equine rotaviruses (ERV) are extremely contagious. Foals as young as 12 hours of age can show clinical signs. These clinical signs include inappetence, dullness, colic and characteristic watery diarrhoea that can be orange‐yellow to reddish‐brown in colour. Nowadays diagnosis relies mainly on qPCR—a test limited by the fact that PCR is a directed test requiring a priori knowledge of a pathogen's genome. The mainstay of therapy for rotaviral diarrhoea is supportive care since treatment directly targeting the virus itself is not available. Prevention relies on proper biosecurity protocols and, in the case of ERVA, vaccination of mares. Currently, researchers at the University of Kentucky are working on developing a vaccine for ERVB.
Frequency and nature of health issues among horses housed in an active open barn compared to single boxes—A field study
Authors: Kjellberg Linda , Dahlborn Kristina , Roepstorff Lars , Morgan Karin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundKeeping horses in open barns has positive effects on social interaction and free movement, which may improve horse welfare. However, many horse owners fear that housing in open barns leads to more injuries.ObjectiveTo compare health events among horses housed in an active open barn (AOB) or in single boxes (BOX).Study designA prospective study during 9 months and a 2‐year retrospective study.MethodsTwo housing systems in one farm were investigated: AOB and BOX in pairs or alone in paddock (2–4 h/day) using 66 and 69 horses in the prospective respectively retrospective study. Lameness, wounds, colic and days lost from training were recorded.ResultsThere were lower prevalences of lameness and colic in AOB than in BOX (18% vs. 26% and 0% vs. 5%; p < 0.001). Overall, there was a larger proportion of individuals with health events in AOB (83%) compared with BOX (52%) (p < 0.01). However, number of days lost to training did not differ between AOB (10 ± 15 days) and BOX (15 ± 34 days) (p = 0.36). There were no significant differences between the housing systems in number of health events/horse in the retrospective study: AOB 1.54 ± 1.51 versus BOX 1.14 ± 1.20 (p = 0.22).Main limitationsThe different, not standardised, housing systems varied in size and number of horses with no individual consideration in this descriptive field study with no possibility to cross‐over. A convenience sample was used.ConclusionsLameness and colic were less frequent in the AOB system compared to single boxes, probably because the horses in the open barn could move freely day and night. Horses in AOB had a higher prevalence of wounds due to interactions between horses, but this did not lead to more days lost from training.
Experiences of cisgender youth with a transgender and/or nonbinary sibling
Authors: Godwin Eli G. , Moore LB. M. , Sansfaçon Annie Pullen , Nishman Melissa MacNish , Rosal Milagros C. , Katz‐Wise Sabra L. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWhile recent research has begun to address the effects of family support on transgender and/or nonbinary youth (TNY), almost no studies have directly examined how cisgender siblings in families with TNY navigate their sibling's gender disclosure and affirmation within both their families and their larger communities. We conducted an exploratory secondary analysis of in‐person, semi‐structured interviews with 15 adolescent and young adult siblings (age 13–24 years) of TNY from the northeastern United States from the baseline wave of the community‐based, longitudinal, mixed methods Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project. Interview transcripts were analyzed using immersion/crystallization and template organizing approaches. Analyses yielded three main themes: gender‐related beliefs and knowledge, peri‐ and post‐disclosure family dynamics, and assessing responses to their sibling. Subthemes included anticipation of their sibling's TN identity, expectations post‐disclosure, participants' level of involvement in gender‐related family processes, perceptions of changes in family relationships, concern for their sibling (including a high degree of attunement to gender‐affirming name and pronoun usage), and concern for themselves. Findings from this study suggest the need to engage directly with siblings of TNY to further elucidate their intrapersonal, intra‐familial, and extra‐familial experiences related to having a TN sibling and determine their unique support needs. Implications for families, clinicians, and communities are discussed.