bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonclassical Titanocene Silyl Hydrides
Authors: Ignatov Stanislav K. , Rees Nicholas H. , Tyrrell Ben R. , Dubberley Stuart R. , Razuvaev Alexei G. , Mountford Philip , Nikonov Georgii I. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe titanocene silyl hydride complexes [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)(H)(SiR3)] [SiR3=SiMePhCl (6), SiPh2Cl (7), SiMeCl2(8), SiCl3(9)] were prepared by HSiR3addition to [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)2] and were studied by NMR and IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (for6,8, and9), and DFT calculations. Spectroscopic and structural data established that these complexes exhibit nonclassical Ti‐H‐Si‐Cl interligand hypervalent interactions. In particular, the observation of silicon–hydride coupling constantsJ(Si,H) in6–9in the range 22–40 Hz, the signs of which we found to be negative for8and9, is conclusive evidence of the presence of a direct SiH bond. The analogous reaction of [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)2] with HSi(OEt)3does not afford the expected classical silyl hydride complex [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)(H){Si(OEt)3}], and instead NMR‐silent titanium (apparently TiIII) complex(es) and the silane redistribution product Si(OEt)4are formed. The structural data and DFT calculations for the compounds [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)(H)(SiR3)] show that the strength of interligand hypervalent interactions in the chlorosilyl complexes decreases as the number of chloro groups on silicon increases. However, in the absence of an Si‐bound electron‐withdrawing grouptransto the SiH moiety, a silane σ complex is formed, characterized by a long TiSi bond of 2.658 Å and short SiH contact of 1.840 Å in the model complex [Ti(Cp)2(PMe3)(H)(SiMe3)]. Both the silane σ complexes and silyl hydride complexes with interligand hypervalent interactions exhibit bond paths between the silicon and hydride atoms in Atoms in Molecules (AIM) studies. To date a classical titanocene phosphane silyl hydride complex without any SiH interaction has not been observed, and therefore titanocene silyl hydrides are, depending on the nature of the R groups on Si, either silane σ complexes or compounds with an interligand hypervalent interaction.
A Novel Hybrid Inorganic–Metalorganic Compound Based on a Polymeric Polyoxometalate and a Copper Complex: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Topological Studies
Authors: San Felices Leire , Vitoria Pablo , Gutiérrez‐Zorrilla Juan M. , Reinoso Santiago , Etxebarria Juan , Lezama Luis 
Published: August 2004

AbstractReaction of monosubstituted Keggin polyoxometalates (POMs) and [Cu(ac)(pmdien)]+ generated in situ led to the formation of the hybrid metal organic–inorganic compound K5[Cu(ac)(pmdien)][SiW11CuO39]⋅12 H2O; its crystal structure and magnetic properties have also been determined. The packing of this compound can be viewed as a stacking of hydrogen‐bonded chiral double chains, with the cationic complexes located between the two‐dimensional arrangement of POM double chains. DFT calculations performed on [Cu(ac)(pmdien)]+ suggest that the distortion presented in this cationic copper complex is due to electronic effects. An AIM stability study of the cationic copper complex, in order to determine the relationship between the bond angle Cu‐O‐C and the denticity of the acetate ligand, has been carried out. Topological analyses over the polyhedral distortion, both of the monosubstituted polyanion and copper complexes, have been performed by means of continuous shape measures (CSM).
Mac‐2‐binding protein is a diagnostic marker for biliary tract carcinoma
Authors: Koopmann Jens , Thuluvath Paul J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Kristiansen Troels Z. , Pandey Akhilesh , Schulick Richard , Argani Pedram , Hidalgo Manuel , Iacobelli Stefano , Goggins Michael , Maitra Anirban 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiliary tract carcinoma is a deadly disease, accounting for nearly 4500 malignancy‐related deaths each year in the United States. Early detection has the potential to improve survival for patients with biliary tract malignancies, enabling curative surgical resection. Early detection approaches would benefit from an accurate, minimally invasive diagnostic test. To identify novel diagnostic markers, the authors recently completed a comprehensive proteomic study of bile samples from patients with biliary carcinoma. One of the proteins identified by tandem mass spectrometry was Mac‐2‐binding protein (Mac‐2BP). The authors evaluated the performance of Mac‐2BP and its ligand, galectin‐3, as diagnostic markers for patients with biliary carcinoma.METHODSLevels of Mac‐2BP, galectin‐3, and CA19‐9 were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in bile samples from patients with biliary tract carcinoma (n = 26), benign biliary conditions (n = 32), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 20). Serum levels of Mac‐2BP and galectin‐3 also were determined using ELISA. Mac‐2BP tissue expression was investigated by immunohistochemical methods using a biliary carcinoma tissue microarray.RESULTSBiliary Mac‐2BP levels were elevated by a factor of ∼3 in the biliary carcinoma group compared with the group of patients who had PSC or another type of nonneoplastic biliary disease. In contrast, Mac‐2BP levels were not elevated in serum samples from patients with biliary carcinoma. According to the immunohistochemical analysis, Mac‐2BP was expressed in 34 of 36 patients (94.4%) with biliary tract carcinoma. As a diagnostic marker for biliary carcinoma, Mac‐2BP levels were as accurate as biliary CA19‐9 levels, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.70 on receiver operator characteristic analysis. The use of both of these bile markers in combination, however, led to significantly better diagnostic accuracy compared with the accuracy achieved using CA19‐9 alone (AUC, 0.75; P < 0.001). Serum and biliary galectin‐3 levels did not differ in the biliary carcinoma group relative to the control groups.CONCLUSIONSBiliary Mac‐2BP levels, especially when used in conjunction with biliary CA19‐9 levels, showed promise as a novel diagnostic marker for biliary tract carcinoma. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Leukemogenic effect of chemotherapy in patients with breast carcinoma
Authors: Ibrahim Nuhad K. 
Published: August 2004

The data presented by Kaplan and colleagues in the current issue of Cancer do not appear to be sufficiently mature to suggest the absence of an association between agents used in the treatment of breast carcinoma and the development of secondary leukemia. The updating of these data over an adequate follow‐up period may prove critical to the conclusions that are drawn. In addition, stratification of data according to accepted risk factors for secondary leukemia is warranted.See pages 1529–36.
The cumulative risk of a false‐positive recall in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Hofvind Solveig , Thoresen Steinar , Tretli Steinar 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiennial breast cancer screening for women ages 50–69 years is recommended by the World Health Organization. It has been claimed that the cumulative risk of a false‐positive recall is a significant disadvantage in breast cancer screening programs. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the cumulative risk of a false‐positive recall during a screening period of 20 years in women ages 50–51 years who are screened biennially in a population‐based screening program. A secondary objective was to estimate the cumulative risk of undergoing fine‐needle aspiration cytology, core needle biopsy, and open biopsy with benign morphology in the same group of women.METHODSThe Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program invites all women ages 50–69 years who reside in the country to a 2‐view mammography biennially. A nationwide data base that covers all of the invited women includes individual information about all screening activity. Results from three screening rounds in four counties were the basis for this study. False‐positive recalls due to abnormal mammograms among 83,416 women who participated all the 3 screening rounds were the basis for the estimations.RESULTSIt was calculated that women ages 50–51 years who participate in biennial screening run a cumulative risk of 20.8% for a false‐positive recall during a screening period of 2 decades. The cumulative risk of undergoing fine‐needle aspiration cytology was estimated at 3.9%, and the risk of undergoing core needle biopsy or open biopsy with benign morphology was 1.5% and 0.9%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSFalse‐positive recalls are a disadvantage in a breast cancer screening programs, but the cumulative risk seemed to be acceptable in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. It is important to communicate the existence and extent of this risk to the target group. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The effect of ethnicity on immediate reconstruction rates after mastectomy for breast cancer
Authors: Tseng Jennifer F. , Kronowitz Steven J. , Sun Charlotte C. , Perry Allison C. , Hunt Kelly K. , Babiera Gildy V. , Newman Lisa A. , Singletary S. Eva , Mirza Nadeem Q. , Ames Frederick C. , Meric‐Bernstam Funda , Ross Merrick I. , Feig Barry W. , Robb Geoffrey L. , Kuerer Henry M. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDMultiple factors may influence whether patients undergo immediate breast reconstruction along with mastectomy for breast cancer. The authors investigated whether ethnicity was an independent predictor of immediate breast reconstruction.METHODSThe authors identified 1004 patients who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer during the period 2001–2002. The rates of immediate reconstruction among different ethnicities were evaluated using the chi‐square test. Logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates, including age and disease stage. Medical records were analyzed to identify factors that influenced each patient's decision for or against immediate breast reconstruction.RESULTSThree hundred seventy‐six women (37.5%) underwent immediate breast reconstruction: This included 20.2% of African‐American women, compared with 40.0% of white women, 42.0% of Hispanic women, 42.2% of Asian women, and 10.0% of Middle Eastern women (P < 0.001). The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for immediate reconstruction for African‐Americans versus whites was 0.38 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.23–0.63; P < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, this disparity persisted, with an adjusted OR of 0.34 (95% CI, 0.18–0.62; P = 0.001). Asian women had lower rates of immediate reconstruction compared with white women (adjusted OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.24–1.04; P = 0.06). Hispanic women did not have immediate reconstruction rates that differed significantly from white women. Middle Eastern women had lower rates of immediate reconstruction compared with white women (adjusted OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02–0.38; P = 0.002), but they had a corresponding increase in the rate of delayed reconstruction. In a stepwise analysis of the decision pathway to immediate reconstruction, it was found that African‐American women were less likely to be offered referrals for reconstruction, were less likely to accept offered referrals, were less likely to be offered reconstruction, and were less likely to elect reconstruction if it was offered.CONCLUSIONSAfrican‐American women underwent immediate breast reconstruction at significantly lower rates compared with white women, Hispanic women, and Asian women. After adjusting for covariates, including age and disease stage, African‐American women and Asian women had lower rates of reconstruction compared with white women. The factors that contribute to these differences warrant further study. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Death during induction therapy and first remission of acute leukemia in childhood
Authors: Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Lensing Shelly , Zhou Yinmei , Sandlund John T. , Razzouk Bassem I. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Pui Ching‐Hon 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDDespite improvements in supportive care, death due to treatment toxicity remains a significant problem for children treated for acute leukemia.METHODSTo determine the causes of and risk factors for death unrelated to refractory leukemia, to disease recurrence, or to second malignancy, the authors reviewed the records of 1011 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 260 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated between 1984 and 1999 and between 1983 and 2002, respectively, at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (Memphis, TN). Data for patients who underwent stem cell transplantation were censored at the time of transplantation.RESULTSFor patients with ALL, the estimated 10‐year cumulative incidence of death was 2.9% ± 5.3%. Age was the only predictor of death. Patients with ALL 1–9 years old had a significantly lower risk of death than did younger or older patients (P = 0.002). For patients with AML, the estimated 5‐year cumulative incidence of death was 7.6% ± 1.9%. Increasing age and increasing leukocyte count were significantly associated with increased risk of death. For patients with ALL and with AML, the incidence of death remained relatively constant during the time periods studied. Infection was the most common cause of death.CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, the authors determined that children ≥ 10 years of age are at increased risk of death during therapy for ALL and AML. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Expression of syndecan‐1 and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor are associated with survival in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Shah Lori , Walter Kristin L. , Borczuk Alain C. , Kawut Steven M. , Sonett Joshua R. , Gorenstein Lyall A. , Ginsburg Mark E. , Steinglass Kenneth M. , Powell Charles A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecently, the authors identified molecular signatures and pathways associated with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma histology and lung development. They hypothesized that genetic classifiers of histology would provide insight into lung tumorigenesis and would be associated with clinical outcome when evaluated in a broader set of specimens.METHODSAssociations between patient survival and immunostaining for 11 representative histologic classifiers (epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], CDK4, syndecan‐1, singed‐like, TTF‐1, keratin 5, HDAC2, docking protein 1, integrin α3, P63, and cyclin D1) were examined using a tissue microarray constructed from nonsmall cell lung carcinoma specimens.RESULTSSixty‐three tumors were examined, including 43 adenocarcinomas, 11 large cell carcinomas, and 9 squamous cell carcinomas. Sixty‐three percent of tumors were clinical Stage I lesions, and 37% were Stage II–III lesions. In a multivariate analysis that controlled for age, gender, and race, syndecan‐1 expression was found to be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.31 [95% confidence interval, 0.18–0.87];P< 0.05). Multivariate analysis also indicated that EGFR expression was associated with a significant reduced risk of death.CONCLUSIONSThe authors demonstrated that expression of either of the nonsmall cell lung carcinoma subtype classifiers syndecan‐1 and EGFR was associated with a 30% reduction in the risk of death, with this reduction being independent of histology and other confounders. The results of the current study suggest that loss of expression of these histologic classifiers is associated with biologic aggressiveness in lung tumors and with poor outcome for patients with such tumors. If their significance can be validated prospectively, these biomarkers may be used to guide therapeutic planning for patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Aspergillus terreus
Authors: Hachem Ray Y. , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P. , Boktour Maha R. , Afif Claude , Cooksley Catherine , Bodey Gerald P. , Chatzinikolaou Ioannis , Perego Cheryl , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Raad Issam I. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDInvasive aspergillosis (IA) has emerged as a common cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. At The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX), Aspergillus terreus is second to A. fumigatus as the most common cause of IA. In the current study, the authors compared the risk factors and outcomes associated with IA caused by A. terreus and IA caused by A. fumigatus.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 300 patients who received care at our institution between 1995 and 2001 and who had cultures that were positive for Aspergillus infection, including 90 patients whose cultures were positive for A. fumigatus and 70 patients whose cultures were positive for A. terreus.RESULTSThirty‐two patients with IA caused by A. terreus and 33 patients with IA caused by A. fumigatus were evaluated. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, gender, and underlying disease. Leukemia was the most common underlying malignancy (84%). More than 40% of patients in each group had undergone bone marrow transplantation. There was a trend toward a higher frequency of neutropenia among patients with IA caused by A. terreus (P = 0.12). IA caused by A. terreus was considered to be nosocomial in origin significantly more frequently compared with IA caused by A. fumigatus (P = 0.03). In vitro, A. terreus was found to be more resistant to amphotericin B (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC90], 4.0 μg/mL) than to antifungal therapy (MIC90, 1.0 Hg/mL) in the isolates that were tested (< 50% of all isolates). The overall rate of response to antifungal therapy was 39% for patients with A. fumigatus infection, compared with 28% for patients with A. terreus infection (P = 0.43).CONCLUSIONSDespite the decreased in vitro susceptibility of A. terreus (relative to A. fumigatus) to amphotericin B, the two groups within the current patient population had comparably poor responses to amphotericin B preparation and somewhat improved responses to posaconazole. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Biweekly paclitaxel, cisplatin, tegafur, and leucovorin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Wang Hung‐Ming , Liao Chun‐Ta , Chang Tung‐Chieh Joseph , Chen Jen‐Shi , Liaw Cuang‐Chi , Chen I‐How , Tsang Ngan‐Ming 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe goal of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel, cisplatin (P), tegafur (T), and leucovorin (L) as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) for patients with advanced, unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.METHODSFrom November 1999 to January 2001, 21 consecutive patients (Stage IV, 100%; T4, 86%; and N3, 41%) were treated with paclitaxel‐PTL (Day 1: paclitaxel, 120 mg/m2 intravenous infusion for 3 hours; Day 1: P, 50 mg/m2; T, 800 mg; and L, 60 mg orally daily over a 14‐day cycle). Evaluation after three cycles led to CT termination if primary tumor responses were less than partial responses. Otherwise, paclitaxel‐PTL was continued for up to six cycles before commencement of locoregional therapy.RESULTSCT responses were analyzed on an intent‐to‐treat basis. Response rates (RR) for the primary tumors were 81% (17 of 21), with 28.6% (6 of 21) showing a complete response (CR). RR and CR rates for the neck lymph nodes were 85.3% (15 of 18) and 22% (4 of 18), respectively. The combined RR for primary tumors and neck lymph nodes was 81% (95% confidence interval, 62.9–99.3%) with a CR rate of 19%. Grade 3/4 toxicities according to World Health Organization criteria included leukopenia, 19.0%; emesis, 9.5%; asthenia, 9.5%; mucositis, 4.8%; and neuropathy, 4.8%. Both the overall and disease‐free survival rates were 14.3% (3 of 21), with a median follow‐up of 41 months.CONCLUSIONSThe relatively low toxicities and encouraging response rates demonstrated in the current study suggested that paclitaxel‐PTL merits future trials in the setting of resectable tumors with more favorable characteristics. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
On the choice of local element frame for corotational triangular shell elements
Authors: Battini Jean‐Marc , Pacoste Costin 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIn the context of corotational triangular shell elements, the objective of this paper is to show that for certain stability problems it is interesting to choose a local element frame invariant to the element node ordering. Two methods of obtaining such a local frame are presented. These two methods, already proposed by other authors, are reformulated. For the first one, based on the minimisation of local nodal displacements, it is shown that the iterative process can be avoided. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zur traditionellen Technik des freihändigen Gewölbebaus
Authors: Wendland David 
Published: August 2004

AbstractDie Kunst, Gewölbekappen freihändig, also ohne Schalung, zu errichten, wird heutzutage nur noch von wenigen Spezialisten beherrscht und ist bei Architekten weitgehend unbekannt. Aus der historischen technischen Literatur lassen sich jedoch Informationen darüber gewinnen, die durch eine kritische Analyse zugänglich werden. Am Lehrstuhl Tragwerksplanung der Technischen Universität Dresden wurde zum besseren Verständnis ein Versuchsbau errichtet.
Ein neues Materialgesetz zur wirklichkeitsnahen Beschreibung des Baustoffverhaltens von Mauerwerk
Authors: Jäger Wolfram , Vassilev Todor , Pflücke Torsten 
Published: August 2004

AbstractAuf Grund einer Vielzahl an möglichen Stein‐Mörtel‐Kombinationen scheint es leicht verständlich, daß im Mauerwerksbau zum Teil erhebliche Unterschiede in den Verläufen entsprechender Materialkennlinien existieren. Für die Berechnung von Traglasten, die möglichst den tatsächlichen Tragwiderstand widerspiegeln sollen, ist eine adäquate mathematische Beschreibung der Arbeitslinien für Mauerwerk erforderlich. Ein passendes Materialgesetz sollte dabei die tatsächlichen Spannungs‐Dehnungs‐Verläufe abbilden können und zum anderen mathematisch geschlossen differenzierbar und integrierbar sein. Das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte neue Materialgesetz erfüllt beide Anforderungen. Es zeichnet sich durch eine sehr gute Anpassungsfähigkeit an die im Versuch ermittelten Materialkennlinien und eine hohe Flexibilität im Grad der Nichtlinearität aus. Des Weiteren ist es analytisch explizit integrierbar und damit ohne Probleme zur Bestimmung von Traglasten verwendbar. Die Vorgehensweise kann mit der Bestimmung entsprechender Parameter auf Basis von Versuchsergebnissen, der Beschreibung des vollständigen Verlaufs der Materialkennlinien sowie der analytischen Bestimmung der Querschnittstragfähigkeit von Mauerwerk als geschlossen bezeichnet werden.
Kalkausscheidungen an Sichtmauerwerk aus Beton‐Vormauersteinen Ein bekanntes Phänomen, in der Praxis noch nicht optimal gelöst
Authors: Quitmann Horst‐Dietrich , Schumann Irene 
Published: August 2004

AbstractDie vorgestellten Ergebnisse einer schadensfallorientierten Untersuchung zeigen, daß die Hauptquelle für Kalkausscheidungen an neu hergestelltem Sichtmauerwerk aus Beton‐ Vormauersteinen beim Mauermörtel zu suchen ist. Der Mauerstein kann zwar als Herkunft des Ca(OH)2 nicht vollkommen ausgeschlossen werden, der hier lösbare Anteil ist aber der Studie nach vergleichsweise unbedeutend. Die Menge an kurzfristig mobilisierbarem Calciumhydroxid wird in erster Linie durch das Alter des Mauermörtels bestimmt: Je jünger der Mörtel bei Fremdwasserzutritt ist, umso größer ist das Risiko von Kalkausscheidungen. Das Fazit der Untersuchungen ist, daß frisch erstelltes Sichtmauerwerk aus Beton‐Vormauersteinen nach der Herstellung mindestens zwei Tage sicher vor Fremdwasserzutritt geschützt werden muß.