bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-Month Clinical Outcomes to Correct Myopia or Myopic Astigmatism Using a Femtosecond Laser for Lenticule Creation With Automated Centration and Cyclotorsion Compensation
Authors: Yoon Hyosung , Magnago Thomas , Yeom Donjg-Ju 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To individually evaluate the clinical outcomes for right and left eyes in the first 3 months after laser-assisted lenticule extraction for myopia and myopic astigmatism with the use of the new ATOS femtosecond laser system (Smart-Sight; SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions).

Methods:
A total of 331 eyes from 168 patients (166 right eyes and 165 left eyes) consecutively treated with SmartSight lenticule extraction were retrospective analyzed after a 3-month follow-up period. Patients' mean age was 26 ± 6 years (range: 18 to 47 years) and mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SEQ) was −5.07 ± 1.92 diopters [D] (range: −1.50 to −11.25 D) with a mean astigmatism of −1.04 ± 0.85 D (range: 0.00 to −4.00 D). At 3 months of follow-up, visual acuity, SEQ and cylinder, safety index, efficacy index, corneal higher order aberrations, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed. Furthermore, refractive and visual outcomes were also analyzed for the right and left eyes individually. All lenticule extraction treatments were performed with the SmartSight treatment method of the SCHWIND ATOS femtosecond laser.

Results:
At 3 months after surgery, mean SEQ was −0.12 ± 0.19 D and 98% of eyes were within ±0.50 D of the SEQ. All eyes were within ±1.00 D of the SEQ. Astigmatism of 0.50 D or less was achieved in 99% of eyes. The change in Snellen lines (difference between preoperative corrected distance visual acuity and postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity) showed a gain of one or more lines in 13% and in 85% of the eyes the same was achieved. There was a loss of one or more lines at 3 months of follow-up in 1.6%. The safety index was 1.03 and efficacy index was 1.02. No significant difference between the right and left eyes was found.

Conclusions:
The 3-month follow-up data show that SmartSight treatment for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism with the SCHWIND ATOS is a safe, efficient, and accurate procedure. It provided excellent results in terms of visual recovery, predictability, and higher order aberrations.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(1):e30–e41.]
Segnalazioni faunistiche italiane
Authors: V.V. A.A. 
Published: January 2024

638 - Adscita dujardini Efetov & Tarmann, 2014 (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Procridinae)
639 - Lycia zonaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) (Lepidoptera Geometridae)
A Mirror of Metastatic Destiny – A Case Series of Cutaneous Metastases
Authors: Monteiro Rochelle , Madhumita Monisha , Kumar Hemanth , Martis Jacintha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cutaneous metastases (CM) account for 2% of all skin tumors, with an incidence of ~2%–10% in patients with internal malignancy. It has a broad morphological spectrum and histologically mimics the primary tumor. Its advent portends a poor prognosis. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic histopathology, and clinical course of five patients with CM were analyzed, of which 2 were female and 3 were male, ranging in age from 43 to 70 years. Illustrating the indolent behavior of this entity, four out of the five patients developed CM despite adequate treatment of the primary malignancies. The histology of the CM and primary malignancy were in agreement. Out of the five patients, four opted for palliative therapy and one patient succumbed to the illness during the course of treatment. CM usually signifies recurrence or progression of malignancy, rarely it may be the initial presentation of an underlying malignancy. It uniformly upstages the malignancy and gravely impacts survival. Regular follow-up and a high degree of suspicion of seemingly benign progressive skin lesions in patients with internal malignancies are crucial for the timely detection of CM. Early identification can lead to a better understanding of disease progression and potentially assist in optimizing treatment strategies, even though options may be limited at this advanced stage.
A Survey of Treatment Practices in Management of Chronic Urticaria Patients among Dermatologists of India
Authors: Shashi Kumar B M , Somaiah Savitha A , Prasannan Swathy 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a frequent problem encountered by dermatologists where treatment response is often unsatisfactory. This exerts a heightened responsibility on dermatologists to tailor their treatments according to each patient.

Aims:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic, diagnostic approaches of Indian dermatologists to CSU patients and the need to further generate a base for the creation of Indian urticaria guidelines.

Materials and Methods:
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among practicing dermatologists of India.

Conclusions:
At the end of this questionnaire-based study, we concluded that there is a wide variation in the treatment practices among practicing dermatologists of India.
Evaluation of factors influencing lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancers: A retrospective study
Authors: Bose Deepak , Rema P , Suchetha S , Dinesh Dhanya , Sivaranjith J , Preethi TR , Mathew Aleyamma 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
The role of lymphadenectomy in the management of early endometrial cancer remains controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate risk factors associated with nodal metastases in endometrial cancer and to devise a predictive risk model based on the significant risk factors in predicting node metastasis.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on women diagnosed with uterus-confined endometrial cancer, and who underwent surgical staging with pelvic and/or paraaortic lymphadenectomy from our center during July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019. Clinical details, Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI)-detected myometrial invasion, and pre and post-operative histological details of tumor were correlated with pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Risk factors were assessed using logistic regression model and risk models devised.

Results:
128 patients were included in the study. Paraaortic lymphadenectomy was done in 72.7% patients. Nodal metastasis was seen in 14.8% of patients. Logistic regression analyses revealed lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.002), parametrial involvement (P = 0.017) and nonendometrioid histology (P = 0.004) to be significant risk factors. Tumor size >2 cm, grade 3 and deep myometrial invasion had higher risk for nodal metastasis, although non-significant. Risk models were derived with sensitivity of 79–89.5%, specificity of 58.7–69.7%, Negative predictive value (NPV) of 95–97% and accuracy of 63–71%.

Conclusion:
Lymphovascular invasion, nonendometrioid histology and parametrial involvement are independent predictors of lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer. Risk models using these risk factors can better predict the risk of nodal metastasis and thus avoid lymph node dissection in low risk patients. Our risk models had reasonably good sensitivity in nodal metastasis prediction and require further validation.
Role of Serine arginine protein kinase 1 and Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 in predicting epithelial ovarian cancer response to treatment and prognosis
Authors: Elkholy Enas , Abdou Asmaa Gaber , Alhanafy Alshimaa Mahmoud , Hashem Tarek , Hassan Reham , Shehata Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Serine-Arginine (SR) proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing and are reported to be over-expressed in multiple cancers. The aim of the study is evaluation of the expression of Serine arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) and Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and their correlation with clinicopathological features, response to therapy, progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Methods:
This study was carried out on surgical specimens of 65 patients diagnosed with EOC which were submitted to immunohistochemical staining by SRPK1 and MCM2 antibodies.

Results:
About 89.2% of cases showed SRPK1 expression and its high expression was significantly associated with type II tumors and advanced stage. All cases showed nuclear immunoreaction for MCM2 with high expression in 49.2% of cases. There was a significant relationship between high values of SRPK1 H-score and percentage of MCM2. Postmenopause, type II pathology, advanced stage, absence of complete response to the treatment, resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy, and surgery done by a general surgeon were the factors affecting PFS. Response to treatment and platinum sensitivity were the most independent factors affecting patients’ PFS. The factors associated with shorter CSS were suboptimal debulking, advanced stage, absence of complete response to the treatment, platinum resistance, and high SRPK1. High SRPK1 expression and platinum sensitivity were the independent factors affecting patients’ CSS.

Conclusions:
SRPK1 is an unfavorable biomarker in EOC patients because of its association with aggressive histologic type, advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and worse survival. SRPK1 could promote the proliferation of EOC by up-regulation of MCM2.
Effect of decentration on the quality of vision in two aspheric posterior chamber intraocular lenses: A contralateral eye study
Authors: Thakur Anchal , Adiga Sushant , Malhotra Chintan , Sachdeva Kulbhushan , Singh Shubhi , Jain Arun Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To perform an intraindividual comparison of the quality of vision and the effect of decentration between two aspheric intraocular lenses: aspheric balanced curve (ABC) design Vivinex iSert XY1 (Hoya Surgical Optics, Singapore) and anterior aspheric design Tecnis ZCB00 (Abbott Medical Optics, CA).

Setting:
Tertiary Eye Care Centre.

Design:
Prospective, randomized comparative study using a random number table.

Methods:
Thirty patients were randomized to the implantation of Vivinex iSert XY1 in one eye and Tecnis ZCB00 in the contralateral eye. Then, 12 weeks postoperatively, a laser ray-tracing aberrometer was used to evaluate the visual Strehl ratio, higher-order aberrations (HOA), decentration of IOL from the visual axis and geometric axis, angle alpha, and angle kappa. Contrast sensitivity was measured using the functional visual analyzer.

Results:
The visual internal Strehl ratio was higher (P < 0.05) at all pupil sizes and the spherical aberrations values were lower (P < 0.05) at larger pupil sizes (5 mm and 6 mm) in the Vivinex group. The mean decentration from the visual axis in the Vivinex group was significantly more than that in the Tecnis group (P < 0.01). With an increase in angle alpha, there was a greater decline in the visual Strehl ratio for Tecnis; however, there was a statistically significant decline at 3 mm pupil size for Tecnis ZCB00 (P = 0.028). The contrast sensitivity was similar for both IOLs.

Conclusion:
In comparison to an anterior aspheric design IOL, the ABC design IOL yielded better quality of vision, neutralized spherical aberrations to a larger extent, and provided a relatively superior quality of vision with decentration.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Pediatric Psoriasis: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Meena Amit Kumar , Jain Ashna , Verma Bharati 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Psoriasis is a common skin disorder and is relatively less studied in children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of pediatric psoriasis (PP).

Materials and Methods:
All patients of psoriasis (age <18 years) who visited PP clinic from January 2017 to September 2021 were included in this record-based study, which was conducted in a tertiary care center in North India.

Results:
Records of 100 patients were analyzed, with female-to-male ratio of 1:1. The mean age of diagnosis was 10.87 ± 3.96 years. The most common initial site of onset was elbows, followed by knees and soles. The most common subtype was plaque psoriasis followed by palmoplantar and guttate types. Average body surface area (BSA) involved was 5.43% with majority (49%) had involvement of 3%–10% BSA. Average psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) in our study was 2.47. PASI >10 was seen in only 5% of patients. Joint involvement was found in 7% of patients and nail changes in 54%. Infection (15%) was the most common aggravating factor, followed by trauma and stress. Koebner phenomenon was present in 15% of patients. Family history of psoriasis was reported in 22% of the patients. A history of other autoimmune disease was present in 5 patients, out of which vitiligo and hypothyroidism was present in 2 patients each and 1 had morphea.

Conclusion:
PP is a persistent, chronic condition that can have significant psychosocial and emotional implications. For better understanding of PP, more population-based studies are required from different parts of the world.
Erythroderma as a Presenting Sign of Juvenile Overlap Syndrome
Authors: Soliman Sarah Hamdy , Sarsik Sameh , Elshebiny Nehal Mohamed , El-Tatawy Rania Ahmed , Doghaim Noha Nabil , Gomaa Nesrin Sabry 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), which is rarely presented with erythroderma, and juvenile morphea are both autoimmune connective tissue diseases. We report a 14-year-old male child with resistant generalized erythroderma and mild proximal muscle weakness who was diagnosed with dermatomyositis. Later, the patient developed morphea. The diagnosis of overlap syndrome was made by fulfilling Bohan and Peter’s criteria for JDM as well as clinical manifestations of morphea.
Genital Ulcers in Children: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pradhan Swetalina , Rout Arpita Nibedita 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Genital ulcers in children can be of serious concern for both the child and the parents. The diagnosis can be difficult, as eliciting proper history regarding the cause and evolution can be challenging. The dermatologist has to rely to a great extent on the clinical clues for appropriate diagnosis and prompt management. Counseling and addressing the parental concerns are also important. We have compiled the etiological causes, diagnostic clues, and the management of genital ulcers in children in this article.
Prevalence of depression in postmyocardial infarction patients in a tertiary care center in Riyadh
Authors: Alsuwaidan Salem D. , Bakhaider Moaz A. , Alsenaidy Abdulrahman A. , Alshehri Mohammed A. , Alzaid Fahad N. , Aldakhil Lina O. , Albrahim Fatima Z. 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
The coexistence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and depression is a growing concern, as both conditions lead to disability. Although depression is more prevalent in CAD patients than in the general population and has been associated with adverse cardiac outcomes, the underlying mechanisms linking depression and CAD are not yet fully understood. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression in postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients as baseline data in Saudi Arabia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh. The study population included male and female patients who had survived MI from January 2022 to June 2022. A sample size of 323 patients was initially planned, but only 249 patients could be included on account of exclusions. The patients underwent screening for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and those who were positive on screening were further assessed using the PHQ-9 according to DSM-5 criteria. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and previous cardiac interventions were collected from medical records.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study participants was 57.15 years, and majority (76.6%) were males. The prevalence of previously diagnosed depression was 9.2%, and 5.2% of patients reported using antidepressant medication. According to the PHQ-9 scores, 33.33% had depression, 9% had moderate depression, and 2.4% had severe depression. There were significant associations between the severity of depression and previous CAD (P < 0.05), previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery (P < 0.05), and heart failure (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
This study reveals a high prevalence of depression in post-MI patients at King Saud Medical City. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive management of depression in this population to improve outcomes. Further research into the underlying mechanisms linking depression and CAD to develop effective interventions is required.
Therapeutic future of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: An ongoing way to explore
Authors: Liu Jia-Xin , Chiang Tung-Lin , Hung Kai-Feng , Sun Yi-Chen 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is one of the most common corneal diseases that causes loss of visual acuity in the world. FECD is a genetically and pathogenetically heterogeneous disease that results in the failure of corneal endothelial cells to maintain fluid balance and functional homeostasis of the cornea. Corneal edema, central guttae formation, and bullae development are common corneal pathologies. Currently, the mainstay of FECD treatment is surgery. However, limited sources of corneal graft and postsurgical complications remain problematic. In recent years, with advances in medical science and technology, there have been a few promising trials of new treatment modalities for FECD. In addition to new surgical methods, novel modalities can be classified into pharmacological-associated treatment, cell therapy-associated treatment, and gene therapy-associated treatment. In this article, our primary focus is on the most recent clinical trials related to FECD, and we present a stepwise approach to enhance FECD management and ultimately improve patient outcomes. We thoroughly searched for FECD clinical trials and reviewed the study designs, methodologies, and outcomes of each trial conducted within the past decade. It is imperative for physicians to stay up-to-date with these cutting-edge treatment approaches.
Improved Hybrid Preprocessing Technique for Effective Segmentation of Wheat Canopies in Chlorophyll Fluorescence Images
Authors: Gupta Ankita 
Published: January 2024

Precision agriculture heavily relies on accurately segmenting wheat canopies from chlorophyll fluorescence (CHF) images. However, these images often face challenges due to inherent noise and illumination variations, primarily induced by the thermal activity of photons emitting a fluorescence effect. The unique nature of fluorescence introduces variations in illumination, especially during the crop's dark adaptation before experimentation. This adaptation aims to capture the full fluorescence effect, starting from minimum fluorescence and progressing to maximum fluorescence. In the initial stages of fluorescence, images tend to appear darker compared to those progressing towards maximum fluorescence. This variability necessitates the development of a sophisticated hybrid approach to eliminate noise and enhance contrast collaboratively, maximizing the benefits derived from CHF images. This paper introduces a novel hybrid preprocessing approach designed to address these challenges. The proposed method integrates five denoising techniques, namely Discrete Cosine Transform, Block Matching-3D, Low-Rank Matrix Approximation, Wiener Filtering, and Median Filtering, to mitigate the impact of noise in CHF images. Simultaneously, two enhancement techniques, Adaptive Histogram Specification and Gamma Correction, are employed to accentuate critical features, compensating for inherent variations in illumination during the fluorescence process. The hybrid preprocessing technique was proposed after analysing different combinations of denoising and enhancement techniques. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results, it was observed that Block Matching-3D denoising with Gamma Correction produced the best output, with an Average PSNR of 0.54 and Average MSE of 0.07. This cascaded approach not only emphasizes noise reduction but also prioritizes the enhancement of crucial information within CHF images. By synergistically combining denoising and enhancement methods, the proposed approach optimizes the overall quality of the images, laying a foundation for improved wheat canopy segmentation. This research contributes a comprehensive and innovative solution to the challenges associated with CHF images in precision agriculture. The proposed hybrid approach holds promise for advancing the accuracy and reliability of wheat canopy segmentation, thereby enhancing the efficacy of precision agricultural practices.
On the Extension of Bounded Holomorphic Maps from Gleason Parts of the Maximal Ideal Space of
$H^\infty $
Authors: Brudnyi Alexander 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLet
$H^\infty $
be the algebra of bounded holomorphic functions on the open unit disk, and let
$\mathfrak M$
be its maximal ideal space. Let
$\mathfrak M_a$
be the union of nontrivial Gleason parts (analytic disks) of
$\mathfrak M$
. In this paper, we study the problem of extensions of bounded Banach-valued holomorphic functions and holomorphic maps with values in Oka manifolds from Gleason parts of
$\mathfrak M_a\setminus \mathbb {D}$
. The resulting extensions satisfy the uniform boundedness principle in the sense that their norms are bounded by constants that do not depend on the choice of the Gleason part. The results extend fundamental results of D. Suárez on the characterization of the algebra of restrictions of Gelfand transforms of functions in
$H^\infty $
to Gleason parts of
$ \mathfrak M_a\setminus \mathbb {D}$
. The proofs utilize our recent advances on
$\bar \partial $
-equations on quasi-interpolating sets and Runge-type approximations.
Combined Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Using Point-of-Care Testing and Ultrasound in a Tanzanian Emergency Department
Authors: Ford James S. , Kayandabila Johnstone , Morrison Joseph C. , Seth Samwel , Lyimo Benson , Mukhtar Aliasghar , Schick Michael , May Larissa , Debes Jose D. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
The WHO aims to detect 90% of global cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by 2030. Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionate burden of HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we sought to assess the utility of a combined HBV and HCC screening program in Tanzania. We conducted a prospective, serial cross-sectional study of patients who participated in a combined HBV and HCC screening program at a regional referral hospital emergency department (ED) in Arusha, Tanzania, between April 19, 2022 and June 3, 2022. All patients completed a study questionnaire and were tested for HBV surface antigen. Patients who were HBV positive were screened for HCC via point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). The primary outcome was the number of new HBV diagnoses. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. A total of 846 patients were tested for HBV (primary ED: 761, clinic referral: 85). The median age of patients was 44 ± 15 years, and 66% were female. Only 15% of patients reported having a primary care doctor. Thirteen percent of patients had been previously vaccinated for HBV. There were 17 new HBV diagnoses (primary ED: 16, clinic referral: 1), which corresponds to a seroprevalence of 2.0% (95% CI: 1.2%, 3.2%). No patients had liver masses detected on POCUS. An ED-based, combined HBV and HCC screening protocol can be feasibly implemented. This study could serve as a model for HBV/HCC screening in regions with high HBV endemicity and low rates of community screening.