bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of nasal cavity: Report of two cases and Literature Review
Authors: Phulware Ravi Hari , Kumar Arvind , Mishra Jyoti , Majumder Ankur , Ahuja Arvind , Singh Ashok 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITACs) are rare high-grade epithelial tumours of the nose and paranasal sinuses. It's a fast-growing tumour having morphological, immunophenotypic, and molecular similarities to primary colonic adenocarcinoma, with a yearly incidence of less than 1 case per 100,000 people. Males are more affected than females as a result of work exposures. Wood and leather dust, as well as other chemical compounds, have been identified as causative factors in the literature. Unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction, epistaxis, and possibly rhinorrhoea are signs and symptoms of sinonasal malignancies, which are similar to chronic sinus inflammation. As a result, all of these hazy symptoms add up to a diagnostic roadblock. Because of the rarity and diversity of histological types, there is a scarcity of information on treatment methods.
Case Presentation:
Herein we are presenting two rare examples of mixed ITAC in a 35-year-old male farmer and a 28-year-old house wife who presented with symptoms of nasal bleeding. We have described clinical-pathological features along with current breakthroughs in molecular pathologic aspects in the literature.
Conclusion
Diagnosis of Sinonasal ITACs a rare type of neoplasm that can only be diagnosed by a pathological report. Symptoms of sinus infiltrates include: Nasal obstruction Epistaxis Rhinorrhea However, it is possible to present with a benign, palpable mass. ITACs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nasal polypoidal lesions. The case report and literature review include information on histomorphological characteristics, differential diagnostic criteria, molecular characteristics, treatment options, and ITAC prognosis.
Orthoptera-specific target enrichment (OR-TE) probes resolve relationships over broad phylogenetic scales
Authors: Shin Seunggwan , Baker Austin J. , Enk Jacob , McKenna Duane D. , Foquet Bert , Vandergast Amy G. , Weissman David B. , Song Hojun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Phylogenomic data are revolutionizing the field of insect phylogenetics. One of the most tenable and cost-effective methods of generating phylogenomic data is target enrichment, which has resulted in novel phylogenetic hypotheses and revealed new insights into insect evolution. Orthoptera is the most diverse insect order within Polyneoptera and includes many evolutionarily and ecologically interesting species. Still, the order as a whole has lagged behind other major insect orders in terms of transitioning to phylogenomics. In this study, we developed an Orthoptera-specific target enrichment (OR-TE) from 80 transcriptomes across Orthoptera. The probe set targets 1,828 loci from genes exhibiting a wide range of evolutionary rates. The utility of this new probe set was validated by generating phylogenomic data from 36 orthopteran species that had not previously been subjected to phylogenomic studies. The OR-TE probe set captured an average of 1,009 loci across the tested taxa, resolving relationships across broad phylogenetic scales. Our detailed documentation of the probe design and bioinformatics process is intended to facilitate the widespread adoption of this tool.
Effects of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeons (Huso huso♀ x Acipenser ruthenus♂)
Authors: Chuang Hsiang-Chieh , Lee Yi-De , Cheng Ann‐Chang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Thisstudy explored the impact of immunostimulants on the growth, immune responses, and post-infection survival of hybrid sturgeon (Huso huso♀ × Acipenser ruthenus♂). We examined the effects of β-glucan, vitamin C, and Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) extract (RBE) at various concentrations (0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% feed) on the growth rate and non-specific immune responses of hybrid sturgeon. When added individually, these immunostimulants significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio while increasing weight gain, with the vitamin C groups showing the most pronounced differences. Immunity experiments demonstrated that 0.4% and 0.6% dietary β-glucan, vitamin C, and RBE significantly enhanced the superoxide anion production rate and phagocytic rate of head kidney leukocytes. The 0.4% and 0.6% vitamin C and RBE groups, along with the 0.6% β-glucan group, exhibited a significant increase in lysozyme activity. Moreover, the 0.6% vitamin C and β-glucan groups, as well as the 0.4% and 0.6% RBE groups, showed the highest survival rates after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. In conclusion, our findings highlight that appropriate dietary concentrations of β-glucan, vitamin C, or RBE significantly enhance superoxide anion production, phagocytic activity, serum lysozyme activity, and post-A. hydrophila infection survival in hybrid sturgeon. The results of this study suggest that incorporating immunostimulants, such as Chinese medicinal herbs, at optimal levels can effectively boost the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of hybrid sturgeon in aquaculture. These results provide valuable insights for future research on the inclusion of immunostimulants in aquaculture feeds.
Unravelling Factors Influencing Demand for Modern Contraception and Evaluating Coverage Progress since 2015 in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Nigeria: Insights from Multilevel and Geostatistical Modelling
Authors: Khundi McEwen , Mzembe Themba , Ngwira Tabitha , Mankhwala Chifuniro S , Chifungo Chimwemwe , Peterson Maame , Vellemu Ruth , Madise Nyovani J , Chipeta Michael G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The United Nations established the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 to enhance global development. In this study, we examine an SDG indicator: the percentage of women aged 15–49 whose family planning needs are met by modern contraception (mDFPS). We evaluate both the factors influencing its coverage and its progress since 2015.
Methods
We used nationally representative survey data (Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA)) from Ethiopia, Kenya, and Nigeria. We assessed individual and community-level predictors of mDFPS. We also computed mDFPS coverage across countries and subnational areas, assessing coverage changes from the SDGs onset to the most recent period with data using a Bayesian model-based geostatistical approach. Additionally, we assessed whether the subnational areas exceeded the minimum recommended WHO mDFPS coverage of 75%. Coverage assessment and mapping were done at pixel (5 x 5 km) and sub-national levels.
Results:
Varied individual and community-level determinants emerged, highlighting the countries' uniqueness. The results indicate mDFPS stagnation in most administrative areas across the three countries. Geographic disparities persisted over time, favouring affluent regions. Ethiopia and Nigeria showed minimal mDFPS improvement, while Kenya exhibited increased coverage. Mean posterior change, 95% credible intervals (CI) and exceedance probabilities (EP) were: Ethiopia 5.68% (95% CI: [-38.07, 49.44], EP = 0.61), Kenya 10.19% (95% CI: [-17.72, 39.33], EP = 0.80), and Nigeria 1.98% (95% CI: [-17.72, 39.33], EP = 0.58). None of the sub-national areas in Ethiopia and Nigeria exceeded the WHO-recommended coverage in their latest survey. While 9 out of 47 counties in Kenya in 2022 exceeded the WHO mDFPS coverage recommendation.
Conclusion:
The study unveils demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic mDFPS disparities, signalling progress and stagnation across administrative areas. The findings offer policymakers and governments insights into targeting interventions for enhanced mDFPS coverage. Context-specific strategies can address local needs, aiding SDG attainment.
Mathematical Modeling of Multicellular Tumor Spheroids Quantifies Inter-Patient and Inter-Tumor Heterogeneity
Authors: Malik Adam , Nguyen Kyle , Nardini John , Flores Kevin , Krona Cecilia , Nelander Sven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the study of brain tumors, patient-derived three-dimensional sphere cultures provide an important tool for studying emerging treatments. The growth of such spheroids depends on the combined effects of proliferation and migration of cells, but it is often challenging to make accurate distinctions between increase in cell number versus the radial movement of cells. To address this, we formulate a novel model (which we refer to as the reaction-diffusion, advection-reaction-diffusion model) in the form of a system of two partial differential equations (PDEs) and show that it more accurately fits our data as compared to simpler PDE models, including the reaction-diffusion model that has been found to be clinically relevant. We propose a numerical approach for calculating travelling-wave speeds, which are shown to be strongly associated with population heterogeneity. Having fitted the model to our dataset we show that a subset of the cell lines are best described by a “Go-or-Grow”-type model, which constitutes a special case of our model. Finally, we investigate whether our fitted model parameters are correlated with patient age at diagnosis and survival. Multiple model parameters are correlated with patient age, and a single model parameter with patient survival. Our work improves on current modelling approaches, and provides a novel step towards understanding associations between mathematical model parameters and clinical data.
Forecast of SO2 Air Contamination utilizing Artificial Neural Network: Sample of City Meerut
Authors: kumar Lokesh , Kumar Gaurav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
SO2 is among the air poisons that assume the best part in air contamination. In this study, using data from 2019 to 2023, estimates of how this contaminant was affecting human health and the environment were made using artificial neural networks, a well-liked learning method in use today. Information having a place with Meerut territory, where the center of industry is located, was acquired by the Air Observation Center of Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB), and modeling and optimization were completed in SPSS programming. The obtained SO2 estimation results were subjected to a multilayer perceptron analysis before being compared with the actual data. Furthermore, the SO2 value for the province of Meerut has been recorded to occasionally beyond the permissible level, particularly during periods of high production.
Associations between the Duration of General Anesthesia Exposure and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as well as Behavioral Problems
Authors: Liao Guoying , Niu Yixuan , Miao Zhengjie , Zhou Ren , Zhong LinHong , Wang Jing , Wang Fan , Chen Tiannan , Gao Yi , Qi Chuanyu , Jiang Hong , Yan Jia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: The potential relationship between early exposure to general anesthesia and the risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not been determined.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included children who were exposed to general anesthesia before the age of 3 during 2017–2020. The participants were divided into two groups: 1 (< 3 hours of exposure) and 2 (≥ 3 hours of exposure). Children not exposed to general anesthesia were recruited into the unexposed group. The Conners' Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess ADHD incidence. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the duration of general anesthesia exposure and ADHD, as well as different dimensions.
Results:The incidences of ADHD were 4.0%, 8.1%, and 14.7% in the three groups. The duration of anesthesia was significantly associated with the risk of ADHD, regardless of whether the duration of anesthesia was treated as a continuous variable (odds ratio (OR): 0.077, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.024–0.130, p=0.011) or as a dichotomous variable (OR: 2.544, 95% CI: 1.318–4.910, p=0.005) between the unexposed group and the exposed 2-year-old group. In addition, the results showed that the duration of anesthesia may be significantly associated with adverse learning problems and impulsivity-hyperactivity (ptrend=0.023; p trend=0.005, respectively). According to the subgroup analysis of sex, the risk of ADHD differed significantly between the unexposed group and the exposed 2 group among male children (OR=3.185, 95% CI=1.101–9.217, p=0.031).
Conclusions: This study highlights the significant association between longer anesthesia exposure (≥3 hours) and the risk of ADHD, particularly in male children.
Role of Powdered Activated Carbon in the Adsorption Behaviour of Hazardous Lead (Pb) using PDAC as an Adsorbent
Authors: Prabakaran R. , Ajithkumar M , Kamatchi C , Ganapathi S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the investigation was to remove the Pb from the artificial liquid using PDAC. Lead is used for cables, roofs, water and gas pipelines, mining activities, the manufacturing of acid batteries, and other structures. The industry recognizes the need for dye-treated sewage treatment because it can cause health problems for humans and animals. In this research, PDAC was explored for its possible consumption as an ecofriendly bio-adsorbent to remove the Pb (II) ions. In this investigation, adsorption-related variables, including initial dye concentration, contact time, absorption rate, temperature effects, and pH were studied. Second-order kinetic model being used for calculate the investigational values. Absorption equilibrium was determined using Longmuir and Friendlich's isothermal models. Current work suggests that PDAC could be employed as a low-cost absorbent to adsorb the lead ion in an artificial liquid solution. Adsorption characteristics were determined by SEM, XRD, and FTIR studies.
Glutamic Acid-Coated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity
Authors: Huong Nguyen Thi , Son Nguyen Ngoc , Thanh Vu Minh , Ha Ninh Duc 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a method to enhance the compatibility of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) produced from guava leaf extract by modifying the nanoparticle surface with L-glutamic acid. The Glu-coated ZnO material was subjected to characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray scattering spectroscopy (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and electron energy scattering spectroscopy (EDS). The results corroborated the attachment of glutamic acid to the surface of the nanoparticle. The thermal density analysis (TGA) results indicate that the Glu-coated ZnO material contains around 8.998% organic content. The morphology and size of nanoparticles were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS) both before and after modification. The findings demonstrate that the bare ZnO nanoparticles had an average size of around 25.32 nm, but the Glu-coated ZnO nanoparticles measure 41.88 nm. Their zeta values are − 9.05 mVs and − 18.6 mV, respectively. The anti-cancer effect of ZnO nanoparticles coated with glutamic acid was evaluated on various cell lines including HeLa (cervical cancer), A549 (lung cancer), and MCF7 (breast cancer). The findings demonstrated a significant enhancement in the anti-cancer efficacy of ZnO NPs with the application of Glu coating on their surface. The IC50 values of Glu-coated ZnO for the Hela, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines are 40.43 µg/mL, 37.20 µg/L, and 44.23 µg/mL, respectively. The findings indicate that the utilization of Glu-coated ZnO material holds significant promise in the field of cancer treatment.
Facial-submental artery island flap combined with titanium plate for repairing defects after mandibular marginal resection for stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the mandible in cancer patients
Authors: Cheng Wei-qi , Yuan Kai-fang , Chen Wei-liang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a facial-submental artery island flap (FSAIF) combined with a titanium plate implant to repair defects after mandibular marginal resection for stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the mandible (MRONM).
Methods
Twenty-four patients with stage 3 MRONM underwent FSAIF combined with titanium plate implant to repair defects after mandibular margin resection and infected soft tissue ablation. Postoperative complications were scored using the Clavien–Dindo classification system. The University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) was used to evaluate pain before and after surgery. Treatment efficacy was evaluated based on the UW-QOL pain score and fistula closure. Sixteen female and eight male patients with stage 3 MRONM (average age, 62.8 years) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of 0–3 were treated with FSAIF combined with titanium plate implant for repairing defects after mandibular margin resection.
Results
The median size of the skin paddle was 3.0 cm × 10.3 cm, and the total success rate was 95.8%. Clavien–Dindo classification grades of I, II, and IIIb were assigned to 58.3%, 37.5%, and 4.2% of the cases, respectively. Pre- and postoperative UW-QOL pain scores of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 were observed in 16.7% and 0, 58.3% and 4.2%; 16.7% and 8.3%, 8.3% and 33.3%; and 0 and 54.2% of cases, respectively, with significant differences seen between the pre- and postoperative scores (P < .001). The median follow-up duration was 18.4 months. The complete control rate was 54.2%, the nearly completely control rate was 33.3%, the partial control rate was 8.3%, and the little-to-no control rate was 4.2%. Of the participants, 83.3% are alive without evidence of MROM or tumor recurrence.
Conclusion
An FSAIF combined with a titanium plate implant for repairing MRONM in stage 3 cancer patients after mandibular margin resection achieved good results, and the technique is reliable and safe.
Machine Learning Based Smartphone Screen Gesture Recognition Using Smartphone Embedded Accelerometer and Gyroscope
Authors: Bhatele Priyanka , Bedekar Mangesh 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the recent times, smartphone usage has become increasingly popular for learning. User’s exhibit multiple gesture interactions with smartphones, while reading, which can provide valuable implicit feedback about the content consumed. Smartphones have many embedded sensors which capture plethora of user interaction data. The on-device Gyroscope and Accelerometer can be enabled to capture the variations done due to gesture interactions like scrolling, pinch to zoom, tap, orientation change and screen capture. This research work is based on training machine learning classifier models with smartphone sensors’ readings to identify the users screen gesture interactions. Data for the classifier is collected by from 47 users in total using an android application. Aggregated time domain feature extraction has been computed on the preprocessed data. Four groups of data have been used to train the models. Extensive experiments are done to test the success of proposed system using Random Forests, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boost (XGB), ADA boost, Naïve Bayes (NB) and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN). Detailed analysis of the success rate and accuracy calculation have been performed. Best identification accuracy of 97.58% is achieved by Random Forest Classifier followed by Extreme Gradient Boost and K-Nearest Neighbour with accuracy 95.97% and 93.55% respectively.
Tumorigenic role of Pak4 in ovarian cancer and its correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Tang Lan , Ye Hong , Chen Li , Dong Weiwei , Hu Xingyan , Yu Lan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of gynecological cancer death. Pak4 has been proved to be tumorigenic in many types of cancers, but its role in ovarian cancer is still not clarified.
Methods
In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to investigate into Pak4 expression in different histological types of ovarian cancer. TIMER, GEPIA, ualcan, KM plotter, GSCA and GeneMANIA were used to identify the prognostic roles and gene regulation networks of Pak4 in ovarian cancer. Immune infiltration levels were investigated using TIMER database.
Results
Pak4 was highly expressed in ovarian cancers, regardless of different FIGO stages and histological grades. However, Pak4 level was significantly correlated with different histological types of ovarian cancer. Pak4 expression was negatively connected with OS and PFS of ovarian cancer patients. Functions of Pak4 and its interacted genes were mainly involved in protein serine/threonine kinase activity, regulation of actin filament-based process and regulation of cytoskeleton organization. Pak4 level was negatively correlated with immune biomarkers of B cell infiltration (p = 2.39e-05), CD8 + T cell infiltration (p = 1.51e-04), neutrophil (p = 1.74e-06) and dendritic cell (p = 4.41e-08).
Conclusions
Our results indicated the expression, gene interaction networks and immune infiltration levels of Pak4 in ovarian cancer, revealing potential role of Pak4 in tumorigenesis and immunotherapeutic target.
Association Between Dental Anxiety and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Hegazi Fahad , Alghamdi Nada Khalid , Alhajri Danah Sahmi , Alabdulqader Lulwah Fouad , Alhammad Danah Abdullatif , Alshamrani Lama Mohammed , RAJINDER SUMIT BEDI 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
this study aimed to examine the association between both parental and children’s anxiety and its impact on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of Saudi children in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Methods
Data on 93 individuals aged of 7–12 years were collected using clinical examination and Arabic validated questionnaires of Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF19) and Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Negative binomial regression analysis and logistic regression analysis was done to study the association between children and parental dental anxiety as well as OHRQoL while adjusting for certain confounders.
Results
Overall, our multivariate analyses showed that children with high dental anxiety (CFSS-DS ≥ 38) (p = 0.027) and higher percentage of dental caries (p = 0.013) had a significantly lower OHRQoL after adjusting for clinical and socio-demographic factors. Further, the odds of having high dental anxiety in children increased by 12.97 (95%CI: 1.29-130.77) with every one-unit increase in parental dental fear.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that children’s anxiety and dental caries are both associated with poorer OHRQoL. Further, parental fear of dentists was associated with children’s fear of dentists.