bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technologieversprechen Künstliche Intelligenz. Vergangene und gegenwärtige Konjunkturen in der Bundesrepublik
Authors: Hirsch-Kreinsen Hartmut , Krokowski Thorben 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Fragestellung des Beitrages ist, wie das Auf und Ab der Entwicklung der Künstlichen Intelligenz seit ihrem Anbeginn an zu erklären ist. Dabei richtet sich der Fokus auf die Entwicklung der Künstlichen Intelligenz in der Bundesrepublik seit den 1970er-Jahren sowie hier besonders auf ihre gegenwärtige Dynamik. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass allein der Verweis auf die schnellen Fortschritte der Informationstechnologien und der verschiedenen Methoden und Konzepte der Künstlichen Intelligenz der letzten Jahrzehnte diese Dynamik nicht zureichend erklären kann. Denn aus sozialwissenschaftlicher Sicht handelt es sich dabei um eine verkürzte technikzentrierte Erklärung. Mit Rückgriff auf Überlegungen aus der sozialwissenschaftlichen Innovationsforschung lässt sich vielmehr die These begründen, dass Künstlichen Intelligenz als „promising technology“ zu verstehen ist. Derart aufgefasst, wird Künstliche Intelligenz in ihren verschiedenen Entwicklungsphasen stets erneut von Technologieversprechen über ihre besondere Leistungs- sowie Problemlösungsfähigkeit für ökonomische und gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen getrieben. Das gilt verstärkt für den seit den 2010er-Jahren anhaltenden KI-Hype, der durch „solutionistische“ Hoffnungen mit Blick auf die ökologische Krise einerseits und durch das Vordringen von KI-Software ins Alltagserleben andererseits präzedenzlose Ausmaße erreicht hat. Auch wenn der nächste „KI-Winter“ wohl nicht bevorsteht, deuten vergangene Erfahrungen darauf hin, dass sich auch in diesem Fall weder sämtliche Technologieversprechen noch -befürchtungen erfüllen werden.
Ethical Considerations in Research With People From Refugee and Asylum Seeker Backgrounds: A Systematic Review of National and International Ethics Guidelines
Authors: Davidson Natasha , Hammarberg Karin , Fisher Jane 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRefugees and asylum seekers may experience challenges related to pre-arrival experiences, structural disadvantage after migration and during resettlement requiring the need for special protection when participating in research. The aim was to review if and how people with refugee and asylum seeker backgrounds have had their need for special protection addressed in national and international research ethics guidelines. A systematic search of grey literature was undertaken. The search yielded 2187 documents of which fourteen met the inclusion criteria. Few guidelines addressed specific ethical considerations for vulnerable groups much less people with refugee and asylum seeker backgrounds. One guideline explicitly addressed vulnerability for refugees and asylums seekers. To ensure members of ethics committees and researchers consider the potential challenges of conducting research with these groups, guidelines may need to be supplemented with a refugee and asylum seeker specific research ethics framework. Such a framework may be necessary to optimally protect people with refugee and asylum seeker backgrounds in research.
Hybrid epoxy-SiO2/GO nanosheets anti-corrosive coating for aeronautic aluminum Al6061-T5
Authors: López-Campos Jevet E. D. , Mojica-Gómez José , Maciel-Cerda Alfredo , Castaño Víctor M. , Hernández-Padrón Genoveva 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe mechanical and anti-corrosive evaluation of a hybrid epoxy resin–SiO2 and graphene oxide (GO) are presented. Three composite materials were prepared with 0%, 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt% GO concentrations. The hybrid material was prepared by the sol-gel process incorporating the silica particles in situ within the epoxy resin (ER) matrix and previously that ER was functionalized with carboxyl groups using abietic acid and labeled as functionalized epoxy resin. The deposition of the three hybrids in aluminum 6061 substrates was made by blade coating, measuring wet and dry film thickness. The study of mechanical properties involved adhesion, pencil scratch hardness, and abrasion test methods where the incorporation of 0.5 wt% of GO improved the mechanical properties considerably. The anti-corrosive properties of the coatings were evaluated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and accelerated corrosion using a salt spray chamber showing that GO forms an anti-corrosive barrier increasing the operation life of the coatings in corrosive environments. Anti-ice properties were related to the contact angle measurement from which the GO concentrations showed more hydrophobic behavior. All the tests were carried out according to ASTM standards. The incorporation of 0.5% of GO showed a significant improvement in the mechanical and anti-corrosive results, improving corrosion resistance up to 500 h. The abrasion tests had an increase in 35%, its hardness up to 9H, and the wear index improved by 29.14% compared with composites with 0.1 wt% of GO and without GO. The HREF1 and HREF5 materials do present an increase in the contact angle thanks to the incorporation of graphene oxide. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the impedance curves show a better behavior for the HREF5 composite due to the difference in resistance over time.
The Clinical Impact of Change in the Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio During the Perioperative Period in Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Gastrectomy
Authors: Aoyama Toru , Hashimoto Itaru , Maezawa Yukio , Hara Kentaro , Kazama Keisuke , Numata Masakatsu , Otani Kazuki , Sawazaki Sho , Cho Haruhiko , Morita Junya , Kawahara Shinnosuke , Tanabe Mie , Yukawa Norio , Saito Aya , Ogata Takashi , Rino Yasushi , Oshima Takashi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aim
Recently, change in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (cNLR) has been shown to be a promising prognostic inflammation marker in some malignancies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the cNLR in gastric cancer patients who received curative gastrectomy.

Patients and Methods
The present study included 450 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2013 and 2017 at Kanagawa Cancer Center. The cNLR was defined as follows: cNLR = NLR at 1 month after surgery–NLR at 1 week before surgery. The prognosis and clinicopathological parameters of the increased cNLR and decreased cNLR groups were analyzed.

Results
The OS stratified by each clinical factor was compared using the log-rank test, and a significant difference was observed using a cutoff value of cNLR at 0.762. When comparing the patient background factors between the increased cNLR (≥ 0.762) and decreased cNLR (< 0.762) groups, there were no significant differences in age, sex, T status, or N status. In the increased cNLR group, the OS rates at 3 and 5 years after surgery were 87.5% and 77.3%, respectively, while those in the decreased cNLR group were 92.8% and 87.3%, which amounted to a statistically significant difference (p = 0.041). The univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with OS showed that cNLR was a significant prognostic factor. When the postoperative course was compared between the two groups, the incidence rates of postoperative surgical complications and other-cause death were significantly higher in the increased cNLR group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion
The cNLR is one of the significant risk factors in gastric cancer patients. Our results suggested that the changes of inflammation status during perioperative periods might be a promising prognostic factor for gastrointestinal cancer patients.
Multimode sensing based on optical microcavities
Authors: Wu Yanran , Duan Bing , Li Changhong , Yang Daquan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOptical microcavities have the ability to confine photons in small mode volumes for long periods of time, greatly enhancing light-matter interactions, and have become one of the research hotspots in international academia. In recent years, sensing applications in complex environments have inspired the development of multimode optical microcavity sensors. These multimode sensors can be used not only for multi-parameter detection but also to improve measurement precision. In this review, we introduce multimode sensing methods based on optical microcavities and present an overview of the multimode single/multi-parameter optical microcavities sensors. Expected further research activities are also put forward.
Graphical abstract
Arbeitsbeeinträchtigung bei Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis in Österreich
Authors: Haschka Judith , Kranewitter Wolfgang , Hucke Miriam , Finsterwalder Richard , Meyer-Olson Dirk , Hammel Ludwig , Kiltz Uta , Leeb Burkhard 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Axiale Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) bringt für Patienten neben körperlicher und psychischer Beeinträchtigung oft eine verminderte gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität mit sich. Mit dem Krankheitsbeginn im erwerbsfähigen Alter ist vor allem das Arbeitsleben betroffen. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Auswirkungen der axSpA-Erkrankung auf die Erwerbssituation und Arbeitsbeeinträchtigung bei Patienten mit axSpA-in Österreich zu analysieren.Methodik: ATTENTUS-axSpA (AT) war eine multizentrische, querschnittliche Fragebogenuntersuchung von österreichischen axSpA-Patienten, die zwischen 114 und 153 Fragen pro Patient zu demografischen und klinischen Charakteristika, der Erwerbssituation und Arbeitsbeeinträchtigung, patientenberichteten Endpunkten (PROs) und der medizinischen Rehabilitation beinhaltete.Ergebnisse: Daten von insgesamt 82 Patienten wurden ausgewertet (59,8 % in Vollzeitbeschäftigung; 11,0 % in Teilzeitbeschäftigung; 29,3 % derzeit nicht berufstätig). Obwohl 84,1 % der Patienten (n = 69) eine medikamentöse Therapie erhielten, berichteten 81,7 % der Patienten (n = 67) von axSpA bedingten Auswirkungen auf ihre Fähigkeit normalen täglichen Aktivitäten nachzugehen. Bei über der Hälfte (58,1 %, n = 43) der derzeit erwerbsfähigen Patienten (n = 74) lag eine eingeschränkte Arbeitsleistung vor. Diese Patienten zeigten ein erhöhtes Maß an Präsentismus hatten häufiger einen Grad der Behinderung, waren weniger oft vollzeitbeschäftigt und berichteten von mehr Einschränkungen in den PROs als Patienten mit uneingeschränkter Arbeitsleistung. Behinderung, Bezug von Krankengeld, und berufliches ausgebremst werden oder Änderungen der Karrierepläne waren häufig.Schlussfolgerungen: Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass trotz medikamentöser Therapie eine erhebliche Arbeitsbeeinträchtigung in der österreichischen axSpA-Population vorliegt.
Popularisierung von Wissenschaft um 1968
Authors: Scharloth Joachim 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag untersucht am Beispiel von Störungen und Antiritualen an bundesrepublikanischen Universitäten in den 1960er Jahren, wie alternativem Wissen und alternativen Vorstellungen von Wissenschaft in der 1968er-Bewegung Geltung verschafft wurde, und welche Konsequenzen dies für die Konzeption der Rollen von Experten und Laien, von Professionellen und ihren Klienten hatte. Ausgehend von zeitspezifischen Semantiken von »Massen« und »Eliten« und Vorstellungen von Popularität als Ergebnis von Manipulation und strategischer Agitation werden aktionistische Formen der Kritik und Außerkraftsetzung traditioneller Rollenbeziehungen im Wissenschaftsbetrieb in einen Prozess der Entdeckung des Performativen als Medium einer »Popularisierung von unten« eingebettet. Es zeigt sich, dass Popularisierung in der 1968er-Bewegung einem normativen Konzept des Populären verpflichtet war, demzufolge nur solches Wissen als populär galt, das von den Massen für die Massen in einem Prozess der Verschmelzung von Reflexion und gesellschaftlicher Praxis zur Geltung gebracht wurde.
Examining the Accuracy of Using a Single Short-Term Historical Flow Period to Assess the Nile’s Downstream Water Deficit from GERD Filling: A Technical Note
Authors: Heggy Essam , Ramah Mohamed , Abotalib Abotalib Z. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIncreasing water and energy demands, hydroclimatic fluctuations, damming, and usage rights disputes present major challenges in managing transboundary rivers worldwide. Of particular interest is the Eastern Nile River Basin (ENRB), which is subject to broad debate over which modeling approach should be applied to resolve the disparities in transboundary water management among the river’s riparian nations, under increased upstream damming. Several studies have simulated the downstream High Aswan Dam (HAD) storage change during the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) filling under different hydrological conditions. However, their findings diverge regarding the impacts of GERD filling on HAD storage, especially when considering a specific, naturalized, historical 10-year period to represent the average flow condition used, as a benchmark for assessing potential downstream impacts. Our extended analysis of the Nile flow historical records demonstrates that considering a single historical 10-year period to simulate the downstream water budget, as performed in Wheeler et al. (Nat Commun 11:5222, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19089-x), widely communicated to policymakers as a robust proof that GERD filling will not generate a deficit at HAD under average flow conditions, is inconclusive as it strongly depend on the selection of the historical inflow period, due to the river high interannual flow variability. Our simulation results of 20 average/near average historical flow periods in Wheeler et al. (Nat Commun 11:5222, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19089-x)’s datasheet indicates that 60% of them generates a downstream water deficit ranging from 0.5 to 14.5 BCM under the same modeling conditions and filling policy. Therefore, considering the simulation results of multiple flow sequences is crucial for accurately reflecting the impact of the Nile’s high interannual flow variability on downstream water deficit assessments, thereby settling the disparities in transboundary water management forecasts for the impacts of GERD filling and operation.
Structural neural correlates of mental fatigue and reward-induced improvement in performance
Authors: Matuz András , Darnai Gergely , Zsidó András N. , Janszky József , Csathó Árpád 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeuroimaging studies investigating the association between mental fatigue (henceforth fatigue) and brain physiology have identified many brain regions that may underly the cognitive changes induced by fatigue. These studies focused on the functional changes and functional connectivity of the brain relating to fatigue. The structural correlates of fatigue, however, have received little attention. To fill this gap, this study explored the associations of fatigue with cortical thickness of frontal and parietal regions. In addition, we aimed to explore the associations between reward-induced improvement in performance and neuroanatomical markers in fatigued individuals. Thirty-nine healthy volunteers performed the psychomotor vigilance task for 15 min (i.e., 3 time-on-task blocks of 5 min) out of scanner; followed by an additional rewarded block of the task lasting 5 min. Baseline high-resolution T1-weigthed MR images were obtained. Reaction time increased with time-on-task but got faster again in the rewarded block. Participants’ subjective fatigue increased during task performance. In addition, we found that higher increase in subjective mental fatigue was associated with the cortical thickness of the following areas: bilateral precuneus, right precentral gyrus; right pars triangularis and left superior frontal gyrus. Our results suggest that individual differences in subjective mental fatigue may be explained by differences in the degree of cortical thickness of areas that are associated with motor processes, executive functions, intrinsic alertness and are parts of the default mode network.
Complex motions embedded in a hand exercise regimen – effects on thumb function in participants with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis: A pilot study
Authors: Vocelle Amber R. , Shafer Gail , Bush Tamara Reid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The goal of this pilot study was to identify changes associated with completion of a unique six-week hand exercise program in persons with carpometacarpal osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Twenty-four individuals, aged 55–80, with doctor-diagnosed carpometacarpal osteoarthritis participated in the study. Movement data from standard clinical motions and complex multi-planar motions were obtained using a motion capture system at three-time points: an initial visit, after two weeks of hand exercises, and after completion of the six-week exercise program.

Results:
This exercise program produced trends of improvement in complex multi-planar motions. Specifically, joint angle changes were seen during opposition and the formation of an “okay sign” that was included as part of the exercise program.

Conclusion:
Through the use of motion capture, changes were identified in thumb joint function after exercise. Specifically, motions associated with the more complex multi-planar tasks showed changes in individual joint contributions following the six-week exercise intervention. The results suggest that further exploration of this exercise program, particularly the inclusion of complex multi-planar tasks during osteoarthritis treatment and associated evaluations, should be considered in future clinical studies.
Andrew Jackson Davis and Spiritualist Constructions of Religion(s)
Authors: Messamore E. H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThat the concept of religion is of recent construction is well established in the literature. What is less understood is the American contribution to this global discourse, in particular its nineteenth-century popularization below the upper echelons of Unitarians, Transcendentalists, and comparative religion scholars. The small but very influential group of Spiritualists associated with the seer Andrew Jackson Davis offer a fascinating window into popular construals of religion and world religions—here, internally oriented, naturalized, and evolutionary—taking shape amid increasing globalization and the challenge of scientific materialism. The subdiscourse articulated by Davis and his circle provides an interesting case not only for its antiinstitutional and individualized qualities but also for its radical decentering of Christianity and paradoxical relationship to science. Moreover, Davis's efforts to define true religion and frame his system as its purest expression are connected to struggles for legitimacy within the public sphere and contests concerning religious authority.
The role of college English teaching reform in overcoming students’ learning anxiety disorders
Authors: Wang Jin 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundIn the study of colleges and universities, students are under greater pressure to learn English, so the reform of the teaching mode of English in colleges and universities is of great significance to alleviating students’ learning anxiety.Subjects and Methods
This study chose 150 students with English learning anxiety as its experimental subjects at a particular university in order to investigate the impact of English teaching reform on helping students overcome their learning fear. The experimental employees were split into two groups using the random approach. One group was designated “blank,” and that group was taught using conventional English methods. The experimental group, which uses a multimedia-reformed approach to English instruction, is the other group. The experimental statistical scale uses the Anxiety Disorder Somatic Symptom Assessment Scale, and the experimental period lasts for 3 months.ResultsThe panic index scores of the blank group and the experimental group were 78.49 ± 2.32 and 79.50 ± 2.26, respectively, after the evaluation of the Anxiety Disorder Somatic Symptom Assessment Scale, and the tension index scores were 84.65 ± 2.42 and 83.17 ± 1.58, respectively, prior to the start of the experiment. Following the experiment, the scores for stress indicators were 83.79 ± 1.87 and 72.49 ± 4.01, while the scores for panic indicators were 77.76 ± 2.46 and 67.65 ± 1.28, respectively, in the blank group and experimental group. The experimental group’s scores for somatic symptoms of anxiety displayed a considerable decline.ConclusionsThe reform of college English teaching through multimedia can effectively alleviate students’ learning anxiety.AcknowledgementA project of Wuchang Shouyi University (No. 2021Y05).
Michiko Toyama Disrupts the Historiography of Modernism
Authors: COHEN BRIGID 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Paris-trained, Japanese composer Michiko Toyama (1913–2006) was appointed as the earliest foreign-born visiting composer at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center (CPEMC), the first institutionally supported studio of its kind in the United States. Yet she remains virtually unknown to scholarship, despite a growing literature on women pioneers in electronic music. Drawing on interviews, archival research, and the interpretive study of music, this article studies the conditions under which Toyama has found little remembrance to date; and it conceptualizes Toyama's own ideas of modernity formulated over the massive cultural and geographical dislocations of her lifetime. Within an intensely lyrical compositional practice, Toyama thematized hallmarks of traditional modernism studies: self-reflexivity, estrangement, exile, and exoticism. Racist criticism during her lifetime dismissed her music as a belated mimicry of Western models. Yet the modernist qualities and themes of her work emerge as a consequence of her life lived in intercultural contact zones of uprooting – the very conditions that make ideas of the ‘modern’ possible.
Conducting a narrative medicine workshop in ambulatory palliative care: A feasibility and exploratory study
Authors: Heinonen Gregory , Spiegel Maura , Blinderman Craig D. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and impact of a narrative medicine group for patients receiving palliative care.MethodsThis pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of a six-session, physician-led narrative medicine group for patients receiving palliative care. Ten patients were recruited by their outpatient providers. Symptom severity and patient dignity scores were collected pre-intervention, at the mid-point, and post-intervention using the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) and Edmonton Symptom Assessment Survey (ESAS). Qualitative reports of pain, expectations, and anticipated challenges were collected before the intervention. Participant interviews were conducted after the intervention to assess overall experience in the group, challenges experienced, recommendations for future endeavors, and general feedback.ResultsNo significant changes in PDI or ESAS scores were observed at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. Participants reported overall satisfaction, with 8 of 9 participants stating they “strongly agree” they would participate in the group again and recommend the group to others. Qualitative responses indicated benefits in the realms of relating to other patients, subjective reduction in pain, and relieving feelings of isolation.Significance of resultsA narrative medicine group for ambulatory patients receiving palliative care appeared to be both beneficial and feasible when delivered through a virtual format. A randomized trial with a larger sample is needed to fully assess the impacts of engaging in narrative work on symptom burden, survival, and quality of life.