bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortisol, cytokines, and autonomic changes during a cognitive load in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia
Authors: Фокин В.Ф. , Шабалина А.А. , Пономарева Н.В. , Медведев Р.Б. , Лагода О.В. , Танашян М.М. 
Published: January 2024

Воспалительные процессы принимают участие в когнитивном снижении и развитии деменций при широко распространенных церебральных сосудистых и нейродегенеративных заболеваниях. Методика. У 92 женщин (возраст 50 – 85 лет) с хронической ишемией мозга (ХИМ), исследовали уровни кортизола и провоспалительных цитокинов (ИЛ1-β, ФНО-a, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10) в слюне, измеряли артериальное давление и частоту сердечных сокращений до и после когнитивной нагрузки. Цель исследования – изучение влияния когнитивной нагрузки на корреляционную зависимость между кортизолом, воспалительными интерлейкинами и вегетативными реакциями у больных хронической ишемией мозга. Результаты. Уровень кортизола, содержание провоспалительных интерлейкинов, а также артериальное давление и пульс увеличивались под влиянием когнитивной нагрузки. При выполнении когнитивных тестов изменение содержания кортизола коррелировало с динамикой ИЛ1-β. Изменение артериального давления и пульса отрицательно коррелировали с динамикой уровня всех исследованных цитокинов. Выявленные взаимосвязи, вероятно, связаны с активацией симпатоадреналовой и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-надпочечниковой систем в период когнитивной нагрузки. Заключение. Переход от состояния покоя к выполнению когнитивных тестов характеризуется созданием единой функциональной системы, объединяющей гормон стресса кортизол, воспалительные интерлейкины и вегетативные реакции.
Inflammatory processes are involved in cognitive decline and the development of dementias in common cerebral vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Methods. In 92 women with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) from 50 to 85 years old, mean age 67.6+/-0.8 years, salivary concentrations of cortisol and inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, TNF α, IL6, IL10), blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after a cognitive load. Aim. To study the effect of cognitive load on correlations between cortisol, inflammatory interleukins, and autonomic responses in patients with CCI. Results. Concentrations of cortisol and pro-inflammatory interleukins, as well as blood pressure and heart rate increased under the influence of the cognitive load. During the cognitive tests, changes in cortisol correlated with changes in IL-1β. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate negatively correlated with changes in all studied interleukins. These relationships were likely related with the activation of the sympathetic-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems during the cognitive load. Conclusion. The transition from rest to performing cognitive tests is associated with formation of a single functional system that combines the stress hormone cortisol, inflammatory interleukins, and autonomic reactions.
PERANCANGAN MEDIA PROMOSI AIA AKA AMAI DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: MUCHSIN SYIFA SARITA , MALIK KENDALL , FERNANDO FERRY 
Published: January 2024

AbstrakMinuman tradisional aia aka yang merupakan minuman khas Sumatera Barat mengalami penurunan peminat akhir-akhir ini. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan berkurangnya penjual minuman tradisional aia aka di Sumatera Barat. Aia Aka Amai adalah salah satu pedagang minuman tradisional aia aka yang bertahan hingga sekarang. Namun keberadaan Aia Aka Amai tetap kalah jika dibandingkan dengan minuman lainnya seperti kopi, thai tea, boba dan minuman kekinian lainnya. Melihat masalah tersebut, perancang menemukan rumusan masalah yaitu bagaimana merancang media promosi Aia Aka Amai di Kota Padang. Metode yang digunakan dalam media promosi Aia Aka Amai ini adalah S.W.O.T dan A.I.D.A. Selanjutnya penulis melakukan brainstorming untuk menentukan konsep yang tepat untuk perancangan media promosi Aia Aka Amai. Konsep yang digunakan adalah muda, natural, dan tradisional. Pada perancangan ini, media yang dihasilkan adalah media utama berupa bauran media, dan media pendukung. Media utama terdiri dari logo, kemasan, video promosi, dan konten sosial media. ABSTRACTThe traditional drink, aia aka, which is a typical drink of West Sumatra, has decreased in demand lately. This is evidenced by the decrease in sales of traditional aia aka drinks in West Sumatra. Aia Aka Amai is one of the traditional aia aka beverage vendors, that have survived to this day. However, the existence of Aia Aka Amai is still inferior when compared to other drinks such as coffee, thai tea, boba, and other contemporary drinks. Seeing this problem, the designer found a solution, namely how to design Aia Aka Amai promotional media in Padang City. The methods used in Aia Aka Amai's promotional media are S.W.O.T and A.I.D.A. Next, the writer brainstormed to determine the right concept for designing Aia Aka Amai promotional media. The concept used is young, natural, and traditional. In this design, the resulting media is the main media in the form of a media mix and supporting media. The main media consists of logos, packaging, promotional videos, and social media content.
PERANCANGAN KOMIK KARAKTER DOSEN DKV ISI PADANGPANJANG SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI UNTUK MAHASISWA
Authors: Andriawan Randi , Ananta Aryoni , Ariesta Olvyandra 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRAKInstitut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang adalah perguruan tinggi negeri dengan konsentrasi pada bidang seni dan keterampilan yang dibagi menjadi dua fakultas, yaitu Fakultas Seni Pertunjukan dan Fakultas Seni Rupa dan Desain. Desain Komunikasi Visual adalah salah satu prodi di ISI Padangpanjang yang cukup populer dan menerima banyak mahasiswa baru setiap tahunnya. Namun kebanyakan mahasiswa baru belum mengenal dosen-dosennya. maka dari itu dibuatlah sebuah media informasi berupa komik yang berisi pengenalan dosen-dosen DKV ISI Padangpanjang. Dalam perancangan komik, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan dosen-dosen DKV ISI Padangpanjang. Perancangan komik menggunakan metode analisis data AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) untuk menentukan konsep perancangan. Hasil karya sendiri berbentuk buku komik yang berisi informasi dosen-dosen DKV ISI Padangpanjang. Komik dibuat dengan format digital agar mudah dibagikan kepada mahasiswa baru. Selain itu juga terdapat media-media pendukung seperti x-banner, poster, sosial media, dan merchandise seperti gantungan kunci dan baju kaos.ABSTRACTInstitut Seni Indonesia Padangpanjang a state university with a concentration in the arts and skills which is divided into two faculties, namely the Faculty of Performing Arts and the Faculty of Fine Arts and Design. Visual Communication Design is one of the study programs at ISI Padang Panjang which is quite popular and accepts many new students every year. But most of the new students don’t know the lecturers. therefore an information media in the form of a comic was made which contained an introduction to DKV ISI Padangpanjang lecturers. In designing comics, data collection was carried out through observation and interviews with DKV ISI Padangpanjang lecturers. Comic design uses the AIDA data analysis method (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) to determine the design concept. The work itself is in the form of a comic book which contains information on DKV ISI Padangpanjang lecturers. Comics are made in digital format so that they can be easily distributed to new students. Apart from that, there are also supporting media such as x-banners, posters, social media, and merchandise such as key chains and t-shirts.
INOVASI DESAIN KONTEN TIKTOK TERHADAP PENYEBARAN INFORMASI KOMUNIKASI DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Putri Zahra Nabila 
Published: January 2024

Dengan adanya perkembangan zaman saat ini banyak sekali perubahan dari cara menyebarkan informasi. Tiktok adalah salah satu platform media social yang sedang berkembang pesat di seluruh dunia salah satunya adalah Indonesia. TikTok sendiri adalah aplikasi yang memberikan kemudahan bagi para penggunanya untuk membuat video pendek dengan durasi hingga 10 menit yang didukung dengan fitur edit, filter, music, dan berbagai fitur lainnya yang dapat memudahkan penggunanya. Dengan aplikasi ini, pengguna dapat membuat video pendek dengan cepat dan mudah untuk dibagikan ke seluruh dunia. Dengan munculnya platform baru tentunya memunculkan ide-ide desain grafis yang baru dan beragam untuk menarik para audiens. Hadirnya platform semacam TikTok ini telah memberikam peluang untuk menghadirkan konten yang menarik dan unik. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, mengumpulkan, dan menganalisis data. Hasil dari jurnal ini adalah sebuah informasi mengenai inovasi desain konten TikTok terhadap penyebaran informasi dan komunikasi di masyarakat. With today's developments, there have been many changes in the way information is disseminated. Tiktok is a social media platform that is growing rapidly throughout the world, one of which is Indonesia. TikTok itself is an application that makes it easy for its users to create short videos with a duration of up to 10 minutes which are supported by editing features, filters, music and various other features that can make it easier for users. With this application, users can create short videos quickly and easily to share with the world. With the emergence of new platforms, new and varied graphic design ideas will certainly emerge to attract audiences. The presence of platforms like TikTok has provided opportunities to present interesting and unique content. In this research, the author used qualitative methods by observing, collecting and analyzing data. The results of this journal are information regarding TikTok content design innovations for the dissemination of information and communication in society.
Examining Assessment Design in the Pakistan English Language Curriculum at Secondary Level: A Comprehensive Qualitative Analysis of its Implementation
Authors: Kakar Zia ul Haq , Kaukab Dr. Syeda Rakhshanda 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The assessment is an integrated part of the learning process. The effectiveness of assessment design and practice during and after teaching will determine how language skills develop. This research study critically analyzes the Pakistan language curriculum 2006, regarding language assessment design. The study aimed to investigate the assessment design, mechanism, methods, and strategies envisaged in Pakistan's 2006 language curriculum. The study's goals were to investigate the LNC's 2006 language assessment plan and comprehend how extensive the 2006 national curriculum's assessment design is intended. Another goal is the extent to which this design supports language assessment and addresses language assessment ideas.
The Pakistani national curriculum from 2006 will be the subject of a document analysis that considers both formative and summative assessment methods, techniques, and strategies. The language assessment theories and Bloom’s assessment mechanism were used as theoretical lenses. The document analysis model proposed by Bowen (2009) was used for this investigation.
The study's findings demonstrate that Pakistan's LNC 2006 assessment design could be more helpful in developing language skills, by improving its level. The assessment strategies and methods for the development of every language skill are missing. The action verbs used for, Standards, benchmarks, and SLOs are at a deficient level and belong to Bloom's Taxonomy's first three stages of the cognitive domain. The summative test rather than ongoing assessment is indicated; hence the marking scheme is solely meant to be used for writing skills. Speaking and listening skills are nearly entirely ignored in assessment design. The standard for the development of textbook activities is likewise deficient in terms of assessment. The guidelines for teachers that train them on assessment are absent. In order to improve the language assessment design, policymakers and curriculum developers will use the study's findings. The findings will also help teachers comprehend and implement language assessment design appropriately.
Keywords: Assessment, assessment design, language assessment, curriculum, textbooks, instruction.
Antioxidant Activity and Organoleptic Quality of Crackers with Differences in the Addition of Black Glutinous Tape and Baking Powder
Authors: Cahyaning Rini Utami  , Nuriyah Fitriani  
Published: January 2024

Tapioca flour-based crackers are a popular dry snack in Indonesia, characterized by their high starch content. However, recent developments have focused on creating crackers that are not only tasty but also have high nutritional value. One way to achieve this is by fortifying crackers with fermented products like black glutinous rice tape. This ingredient is known for its excellent nutrition and high antioxidant content, making it a healthy addition to crackers. The expansion of the volume of crackers is the primary factor that affects the crispness and quality of the crackers. This study aims to determine the proportion of the addition of black glutinous rice tape and baking powder concentration to the characteristics of crackers and determine the best crackers that can produce good quality and are acceptable in terms of sensory. The research design was a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor of black glutinous rice tape percentage (20, 30, 40%) and the second factor of baking powder concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.3%) repeated three times resulted in 27 attempts. The ANOVA two-way statistics was utilized by the researchers to evaluate the chemical data, followed by the Tukey test to detect any significant differences among the treatments. Moreover, they employed Friedman's method to carry out organoleptic testing. The Effectiveness Index method identified the best treatment for chemical and organoleptic analysis, which was T3B2 (0.2% baking powder and 40% black glutinous rice tape). This treatment resulted in an antioxidant activity of 141.15 ppm, a water content of 9.05%, and an ash content of 1.71%. In addition, the organoleptic scores for color, aroma, taste, and texture were rated 4.66, 4.66, 3.40, and 3.70, respectively (3=least liked, 4= liked).
Quality nutrition, metal content, and health risks in soy milk products using aluminum and stainless steel cookers
Authors: Hariono Budi , Erawantini Feby , Brilliantina Aulia , Kurnianto Mokhamad Fatoni , Supriyono Supriyono , Kautsar Syamsiar , Wijaya Rizza , Ikhwanudin Angga Herviona 
Published: January 2024

Improper processing of soymilk, such as soybean raw materials, use of well water, and use of cooking vessels, produces soymilk that does not meet SNI standards. These conditions can contaminate soymilk with harmful metals. The purpose of this study was to measure the nutritional quality and metal content of soymilk produced using aluminum and stainless steel cooking vessels. The research was descriptive and was conducted in July 2022. Analytical tests were carried out by comparing the nutritional content in the form of total protein, fat, lactose, and solid non-fat (SNF), and analyzing the heavy metal content. The results showed that the contents of Pb, Cu, and Hg in soy milk processed with stainless steel were lower than those of aluminum, from 11,494 ppm to 2,706 ppm, 114,612 ppm to 10,211 ppm, and 0,372 ppm to 0,012 ppm, respectively. The contents of Zn and As in soymilk with stainless steel were higher than those treated with aluminum, from 884,585 ppm to 73,616 ppm and from 0,107 ppm to 0,079 ppm, respectively. Cooking water also contributed 0,055; 0,044; 0,028, and 0,156 ppm to the heavy metal content of Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg, and As, respectively. In conclusion, the use of stainless steel in soymilk processing resulted in better nutritional quality and lower heavy metal content compared to aluminum.
Pengaruh Model Discovery Learning Berbantuan Macromedia Flash 8 terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Materi Jaring-Jaring Kubus dan Balok Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Yohana Nanda , Roestika Rini Zulmi 
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the Discovery Learning model assisted by Macromedia Flash 8 on students' mathematical problem solving abilities on cube nets and blocks. This research uses a quantitative experimental type method in the form of a nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study was class V students at SDN Langensari 02. With the sample being class VA as the experimental class and class VB as the control class. Sampling used purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques using tests and non-tests using non-test techniques, namely observation, questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques use normality tests, homogeneity tests, independent sample t-tests, and regression tests. The results of the research show: There is an influence of the Discovery Learning learning model using Macromedia Flash 8 on increasing students' problem solving abilities as evidenced by tcount = 12.412 > ttable = 2.110 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and influencing the problem solving ability variable by 76.2%. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Discovery Learning learning model using Macromedia Flash 8 on students' problem solving abilities.
PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BIJI SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor) MELALUI PROSES HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIS
Authors: Supriyanti Arni , Pramana Yanuar Sigit , Widiyanti Palupi Tri , Pudjianto Karyawan 
Published: January 2024

Produksi bioetanol berbasis karbohidrat yang menggunakan bahan baku berasal dari pati memerlukan proses pra pengolahan. Proses pra-pengolahan dan hidrolisis biji sorgum dari berbagai varietas sorgum belum banyak diteliti dalam konteks fermentasi sorgum menjadi bioetanol. Kurangnya penelitian ini telah menghambat kemajuan dalam mengoptimalkan produksi bioetanol karena pengaruh struktur genetik, komposisi kimia, dan sifat fisik biji, yang dapat menghambat biotransformasi pati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi fermentasi yang optimal untuk memaksimalkan hasil bioetanol selain juga untuk menghasilkan produk samping berharga lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental, dan efisiensi proses dievaluasi berdasarkan parameter seperti Rasio Konsumsi Gula (SCR) dan Rasio Fermentasi (FR). Konsentrasi enzim glucoamylase diatur pada 0,2% relatif terhadap total padatan (TS). Ragam Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain Hakken I digunakan dengan konsentrasi 10% dari volume fermentasi. Nutrisi tambahan meliputi NPK (0,012%) dan Urea (0,072%). Proses liquifikasi dilakukan pada suhu antara 80-90°C selama satu jam, diikuti oleh proses sakarifikasi pada suhu antara 55-60°C selama dua jam. Fermentasi dilakukan pada suhu antara 28-32°C selama 60 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar gula total (TS) bahan baku berkisar antara 69% hingga 73% untuk beberapa varietas sorgum yang diuji. Varietas Sorghum Numbu memiliki nilai TS tertinggi sebesar 72,81%. Selain itu, efisiensi proses tertinggi dicapai dengan varietas sorgum Numbu, menghasilkan FR sebesar 86,69% dan SCR sebesar 87,39%.
Utilization of Fauna for Therapeutic Purposes by the Newar Community in Bhanu Municipality, Tanahun, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Nishana , Bajracharya Sony 
Published: January 2024

The project has interviewed 70 people of Newar community including 37 females and 33 males of different age groups and occupations. Due to major profession of people with farming and animal husbandry, it has provided beneficial knowledge on ethnomedicinal practices to cure different ailment problems like gastritis, asthma, dysentery, cold, cough, back pain, crack heels, anxiety, menstrual cycle problem, burnings, eye cyst etc. 35 species of faunas are used for 9 different ailment categories. Out of 35 fauna species, 29 were vertebrates (15 Mammals, 11 Aves, 2 Pisces and 1 Reptile) and 6 were invertebrates (Order: Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, Stylommatophora and Decapoda). Apis sp. (0.1) and Bos taurus (0.9) has the highest Use Value; Gallus gallus domesticus, Bubalus bubalis, Ovis aries, Columba sp. has 100% Fidelity Level. There was no significant correlation between the fidelity level in ailment categories and animal use value (p<0.05) indicating that the animals frequently used for a particular ailment category of local people are not necessarily those used commonly in the study area. Newar community considered animal and their products have tremendous zootherapeutic potential in curing heath related problems. This project aims to pass the therapeutic uses of faunas to the new generation that barely are aware about side effects and free practices followed by their ancestors.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENGHAPUSAN KELAS STANDAR LAYANAN KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT BPJS
Authors: Sugiarto Chika Erlina , Budiarsih Budiarsih 
Published: January 2024

Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan ialah sebuah badan hukum yang menyelenggarakan program jaminan sosial untuk menjamin setiap orang agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar hidup yang layak. Dampak krisis ekonomi yang terjadi di Indonesia sejauh ini meluas ke seluruh bidang kehidupan, termasuk sektor pelayanan kesehatan. Dilema yang dihadapi layanan kesehatan adalah bahwa disatu sisi mereka harus memenuhi misi sosialnya, yaitu merawat dan membantu mereka yang menderita tanpa memandang karakteristik sosial, ekonomi, agama, politik, dll. Untuk itu, pemerintah mempertimbangkan untuk menghapus klasifikasi BPJS Kesehatan berdasarkan kelas yang selama ini berlaku menjadi satu kelasi yang dikenal dengan kelas rawat inap standar (KRIS) atau kelas standar. Namun disisi lain, layanan kesehatan harus mampu bertahan secara ekonomi dalam menghadapi badai krisis ini. Oleh karena itu, layanan kesehatan perlu direformasi, diorientasikan kembali, dan direvitalisasi. Dari berbagai macam permasalahan yang ada saat ini bagaimana analisis tentang penghapusan kelas standar di Rumah Sakit BPJS serta bagaimana rekomendasi yang dimaksud dalam penghapusan kelas standar tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan hukum normatif (normative law research) atau yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian yang menetapkan hukum sebagai suatu sistem norma. Sistem norma yang dimaksud menyangkut asas, norma, kaidah, dari peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, perjanjian, perbandingan hukum, doktrin (ajaran) dan yurispundensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penghapusan kelas standar layanan kesehatan dan untuk mengetahui tentang rekomendasi penghapusan kelas standar. Berdasarkan keterangan informasi dari Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes), saat ini terdapat 728 rumah sakit yang memenuhi kriteria 12 Kelas Rawat Inap Standar Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (KRIS JKN).
URGENSI PENGATURAN DAERAH KEPULAUAN DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM SEBAGAI NEGARA KEPULAUAN
Authors: Hayati Dyah Kemala , Rosyidah Ainun Qisthi , Nabillah Luthfiyyah Ajeng 
Published: January 2024

Daerah kepulauan (provinsi, kabupaten/kota) merupakan wilayah yang bercirikan lautan luas dengan pulau-pulau kecil yang membentuk gugusan pulau. Daerah kepulauan merupakan faktor kunci dalam mengakui Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan. Namun hal ini tidak diatur dalam undang-undang nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis Perspektif Hukum Daerah Kepulauan Menurut Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia dan menganalisis Urgensi Pengaturan Daerah Kepulauan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif ata dalam kata lain yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan.Menurut hasil penelitian dari Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014, dari sudut pandang pengaturan wilayah nusantara, untuk dapat menjalankan kekuasaan pemerintahan, daerah harus mempunyai batas-batas wilayah yang jelas, baik di darat maupun di laut, hal tersebut berdasarkan daerah tersebut akan diintegrasikan ke dalam sistem Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia atas prakarsanya sendiri. Sehingga, batas wilayah wilayah ini juga berfungsi sebagai batas pelaksanaan kewenangan (urusan). Urgensi pengaturan daerah kepulauan merupakan jawaban untuk menciptakan kepastian hukum terhadap pengaturan daerah kepulauan. Dengan adanya peraturan yang membatasi kegiatan yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan dan menjamin perlindungan penuh terhadap hak-hak mereka dan lingkungan.