bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of locally advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: State of the art and future directions
Authors: Miao Da , Zhao Jing , Han Ying , Zhou Jiaqi , Li Xiuzhen , Zhang Ting , Li Wen , Xia Yang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLung cancer is the second most common and the deadliest type of cancer worldwide. Clinically, non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer; approximately one‐third of affected patients have locally advanced NSCLC (LA‐NSCLC, stage III NSCLC) at diagnosis. Because of its heterogeneity, LA‐NSCLC often requires multidisciplinary assessment. Moreover, the prognosis of affected patients is much below satisfaction, and the efficacy of traditional therapeutic strategies has reached a plateau. With the emergence of targeted therapies and immunotherapies, as well as the continuous development of novel radiotherapies, we have entered an era of novel treatment paradigm for LA‐NSCLC. Here, we reviewed the landscape of relevant therapeutic modalities, including adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and perioperative targeted and immune strategies in patients with resectable LA‐NSCLC with/without oncogenic alterations; as well as novel combinations of chemoradiation and immunotherapy/targeted therapy in unresectable LA‐NSCLC. We addressed the unresolved challenges that remain in the field, and examined future directions to optimize clinical management and increase the cure rate of LA‐NSCLC.
Administration of a glypican‐3 peptide increases the infiltration and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells against testicular yolk sac tumor, associated with enhancing the intratumoral cGAS/STING signaling
Authors: Zhao Junfeng , Qin Le , He Guorong , Xie Tiancheng , Hu Guanghui , Wang Furan , Zhong Hongji , Zhu Jianming , Xu Yunfei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlypican‐3 (GPC3) is highly expressed in testicular yolk sac tumor (TYST). GPC3 has been evaluated as a cancer vaccine for some types of tumors, but little is known on the effects of GPC3 peptide‐based therapy on TYST. Here, we evaluated the antitumor effect of GPC3144‐152 on TYST and its potential mechanisms.MethodsGPC3144‐152‐specific CD8+ T cells were induced by vaccine immunization and examined by ELISPOT. The CD8+ T cells were purified for testing their cytotoxicity in vitro against TYST cells by CCK‐8 and TUNEL assays and in vivo against tumor growth. The influence of GPC3144‐152 loading and/or cGAS silencing on the tumor growth, apoptosis and cGAS/STING signaling was tested by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and Western blot.ResultsVaccination with GPC3144‐152 induced tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells that secreted high levels of IFN‐γ and granzyme B, and had potent cytotoxicity against TYST in a dose‐dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells and treatment with GPC3144‐152 significantly inhibited the growth of TYST tumors, but less effective for cGAS‐silenced TYST tumors in vivo. Treatment with GPC3144‐152 enhanced the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor environment and their cytotoxicity against TYST tumors in vivo by up‐regulating granzyme B and IFN‐β expression, but down‐regulating GPC3 expression in the tumors. Co‐culture of CD8+ T cells with TYST in the presence of exogenous GPC3144‐152 enhanced peptide‐specific CD8+ T‐cell cytotoxicity in vitro, accompanied by enhancing cGAS, γH2AX, TBK1, and IRF3 phosphorylation in TYST cells, but less effective in cGAS‐silenced TYST cells.ConclusionsThese data indicated that GPC3 peptide‐specific CD8+ T cells had potent antitumor activity against TYST tumor, particularly for combined treatment with the peptide, which was partially dependent on the intratumoral cGAS/STNG signaling. GPC3 peptide vaccine may be valuable for the combination treatment of TYST.
A Review of Phototoxic Plants, Their Phototoxic Metabolites, and Possible Developments as Photosensitizers
Authors: Petit Raphaëlle , Izambart Jonathan , Guillou Mathieu , da Silva Almeida Jackson Roberto Guedes , de Oliveira Junior Raimundo Gonçalves , Sol Vincent , Ouk Tan‐Sothea , Grougnet Raphaël , Quintans‐Júnior Lucindo José , Sitarek Przemyslaw , Thiéry Valérie , Picot Laurent 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding phototoxic terrestrial plants and their phototoxic and photosensitizing metabolites. Within the 435,000 land plant species, only around 250 vascular plants have been documented as phototoxic or implicated in phototoxic occurrences in humans and animals. This work compiles a comprehensive catalog of these phototoxic plant species, organized alphabetically based on their taxonomic family. The dataset encompasses meticulous details including taxonomy, geographical distribution, vernacular names, and information on the nature and structure of their phototoxic and photosensitizing molecule(s). Subsequently, this study undertook an in‐depth investigation into phototoxic molecules, resulting in the compilation of a comprehensive and up‐to‐date list of phytochemicals exhibiting phototoxic or photosensitizing activity synthesized by terrestrial plants. For each identified molecule, an extensive review was conducted, encompassing discussions on its phototoxic activity, chemical family, occurrence in plant families or species, distribution within different plant tissues and organs, as well as the biogeographical locations of the producer species worldwide. The analysis also includes a thorough discussion on the potential use of these molecules for the development of new photosensitizers that could be used in topical or injectable formulations for antimicrobial and anticancer phototherapy as well as manufacturing of photoactive devices.
Good response to rectal diazepam in refractory cases of cyclic vomiting: A case‐series and review of the literature
Authors: Togha Mansoureh , Babaei Mahsa , Jameie Melika 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageAlthough increasing in number, cases of CVS are being frequently misdiagnosed and many are refractory to the available treatments. This paper draws attention to a timely consideration of this disorder upon suspicion and proposes rectal diazepam and cinnarizine as highly effective treatments in refractory cases of CVS.AbstractCyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a set of recurrent episodic attacks of nausea and vomiting. This is a migraine‐related disorder that mostly affects children. Several medications have been recommended for abortive and prophylactic treatment. Unfortunately, in some cases, the treatment is not completely effective and affects the quality of life of the sufferer. In this paper, we report on two cases of children experiencing refractory CVS attacks who were not responsive to recommended medications for acute phase and prophylaxis. This account highlights the efficacy of rectal diazepam for the acute phase of CVS and cinnarizine, an anti‐migraine and anti‐histamine agent, for prophylaxis of further attacks.
Multifunctional Photoelectroactive Materials for Optoelectronic Applications Based on Thieno[3,4‐b]pyrazines and Thieno[1,2,5]thiadiazoles
Authors: Zangoli Mattia , Monti Filippo , Zanelli Alberto , Marinelli Martina , Flammini Soraia , Spallacci Nicol , Zakrzewska Anna , Lanzi Massimiliano , Salatelli Elisabetta , Pierini Filippo , Di Maria Francesca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, we introduce a novel family of symmetrical thiophene‐based small molecules with a Donor‐Acceptor‐Donor structure. These compounds feature three different acceptor units: benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (Bz), thieno[3,4‐b]pyrazine (Pz), and thieno[1,2,5]thiadiazole (Tz), coupled with electron donor units based on a carbazole‐thiophene derivative. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we investigate how the molecular geometry and strength of the central acceptor unit impact the redox and spectroscopic properties. Notably, the incorporation of Pz and Tz moieties induces a significant redshift in the absorption and emission spectra, which extend into the near‐infrared (NIR) region, simultaneously reducing their energy gaps (~1.4–1.6 eV). This shift is attributed to the increased coplanarity of the oligomeric inner core, both in the ground (S0) and excited (S1) states, due to the enhanced quinoidal character as supported by bond‐length alternation (BLA) analysis. These structural changes promote better π‐electron delocalization and facilitate photoinduced charge transfer processes in optoelectronic devices. Notably, we show that Pz‐ and Tz‐containing molecules exhibit NIR electrochromic behavior and present ambivalent character in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. Finally, theoretical calculations suggest that these molecules could serve as effective two‐photon absorption (2PA) probes, further expanding their potential in optoelectronic applications.
Evaluation of Rhodanine Indolinones as AANAT Inhibitors
Authors: Hagemeister Mackenzie , Hamilton Luke , Wandrey Nicole , Hill Mackinzi , Mounce Emery , Mosel Noah , Lytle Katie , Redinger Makenna , Boley Jake , Fancher Nathan , Haynes Alexis , Fill Ianna , Cole Philip A. , Hill Evan , Moxley Michael A. , Thomas Allen A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCircadian rhythm (CR) dysregulation negatively impacts health and contributes to mental disorders. The role of melatonin, a hormone intricately linked to CR, is still a subject of active study. The enzyme arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase (AANAT) is responsible for melatonin synthesis, and it is a potential target for disorders that involve abnormally high melatonin levels, such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Current AANAT inhibitors suffer from poor cell permeability, selectivity, and/or potency. To address the latter, we have employed an X‐ray crystal‐based model to guide the modification of a previously described AANAT inhibitor, containing a rhodanine‐indolinone core. We made various structural modifications to the core structure, including testing the importance of a carboxylic acid group thought to bind in the CoA site, and we evaluated these changes using MD simulations in conjunction with enzymatic assay data. Additionally, we tested three AANAT inhibitors in a zebrafish locomotion model to determine their effects in vivo. Key discoveries were that potency could be modestly improved by replacing a 5‐carbon alkyl chain with rings and that the central rhodanine ring could be replaced by other heterocycles and maintain potency.
Association of the social disorganization index with time to first septic shock event in children with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ruiz Jenny , Li Yimei , Cao Lusha , Huang Yuan‐Shung V. , Tam Vicky , Griffis Heather M. , Winestone Lena E. , Fisher Brian T. , Alonzo Todd A. , Wang Yi‐Cheng J. , Dang Alice T. , Kolb E. Anders , Glanz Karen , Getz Kelly D. , Aplenc Richard , Seif Alix E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) chemotherapy increases the risk of life‐threatening complications, including septic shock (SS). An area‐based measure of social determinants of health, the social disorganization index (SDI), was hypothesized to be associated with SS and SS‐associated death (SS‐death).MethodsChildren treated for de novo AML on two Children’s Oncology Group trials at institutions contributing to the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database were included. The SDI was calculated via residential zip code data from the US Census Bureau. SS was identified via PHIS resource utilization codes. SS‐death was defined as death within 2 weeks of an antecedent SS event. Patients were followed from 7 days after the start of chemotherapy until the first of end of front‐line therapy, death, relapse, or removal from study. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regressions estimated hazard ratios (HRs) comparing time to first SS by SDI group.ResultsThe assembled cohort included 700 patients, with 207 (29.6%) sustaining at least one SS event. There were 233 (33%) in the SDI‐5 group (highest disorganization). Adjusted time to incident SS did not statistically significantly differ by SDI (reference, SDI‐1; SDI‐2: HR, 0.84 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.51–1.41]; SDI‐3: HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.42–1.16]; SDI‐4: HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.61–1.53]; SDI‐5: HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.45–1.14]). Nine patients (4.4%) with SS experienced SS‐death; seven of these patients (78%) were in SDI‐4 or SDI‐5.ConclusionsIn a large, nationally representative cohort of trial‐enrolled pediatric patients with AML, there was no significant association between the SDI and time to SS.
Chemical Investigation on the Mechanism and Kinetics of the Atmospheric Degradation Reaction of Trichlorofluoroethene by OH⋅ and Its Subsequent Fate in the Presence of O2/NOx
Authors: Shiroudi Abolfazl , Czub Jacek , Altarawneh Mohammednoor 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory was used to examine the degradation of Trichlorofluoroethene (TCFE) initiated by OH⋅ radicals. Additionally, the coupled‐cluster single‐double with triple perturbative [CCSD(T)] method was employed to refine the single‐point energies using the complete basis set extrapolation approach. The results indicated that OH‐addition is the dominant pathway. OH⋅ adds to both the C1 and C2 carbons, resulting in the formation of the C(OH)Cl2−⋅CClF and ⋅CCl2−C(OH)ClF species. The associated barrier heights were determined to be 1.11 and −0.99 kcal mol−1, respectively. Furthermore, the energetic and thermodynamic parameters show that pathway 1 exhibits greater exothermicity and exergonicity compared to pathway 2, with differences of 8.11 and 8.21 kcal mol−1, correspondingly. The primary pathway involves OH addition to the C2 position, with a rate constant of 6.2×10−13 cm3 molecule−1 sec−1 at 298 K. This analysis served to estimate the atmospheric lifetime, along with the photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP). It yielded an atmospheric lifetime of 8.49 days, an ODP of 4.8×10−4, and a POCP value of 2.99, respectively. Radiative forcing efficiencies were also estimated at the M06‐2X/6‐311++G(d,p) level. Global warming potentials (GWPs) were calculated for 20, 100, and 500 years, resulting in values of 9.61, 2.61, and 0.74, respectively. TCFE is not expected to make a significant contribution to the radiative forcing of climate change. The results obtained from the time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) indicated that TCFE and its energized adducts are unable to photolysis under sunlight in the UV and visible spectrum. Secondary reactions involve the [TCFE‐OH−O2]⋅ peroxy radical, leading subsequently to the [TCFE−OH−O]⋅ alkoxy radical. It was found that the alkoxy radical resulting from the peroxy radical can lead to the formation of phosgene (COCl2) and carbonyl chloride fluoride (CClFO), with phosgene being the primary product.
Enhanced Piezo‐photocatalytic Performances of AgNbO3 Materials for Dye Decomposition Via Polarization Engineering
Authors: Yang Xue , Liu Xiaoxue , Cai Wei , Wang Zhenhua , Huang Rui , Rao Zeping , Zhang Chunyan , Fu Chunlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe limitation to enhancing photocatalytic performance in photocatalysts lies in the rapid recombination of photo‐induced electrons and holes. Herein, AgNbO3 photocatalysts were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The effects of hydrothermal temperature on the microstructure and photocatalytic/piezo‐photocatalytic performances of AgNbO3 have been systematically investigated. The AgNbO3 cubes synthesized at 180 °C for 24 h exhibited the best photocatalytic/piezo‐photocatalytic performances among all samples. The corona poling as an important method of polarization engineering is applied to promote further the separation and migration of charge carriers in AgNbO3. The polarized AgNbO3 synthesized at 170 °C exhibited outstanding piezo‐photocatalytic performance, and a degradation rate of 95 % for RhB within 90 min and a high apparent rate constant of 0.02978 min−1 were achieved. On the one hand, the alternating piezoelectric field caused by ultrasonic‐assisted illumination destroyed the shielding effect and enhanced the separation of electron‐hole pairs. On the other hand, polarization engineering induced by corona poling promoted the separation and migration of photo‐induced carriers, thereby realizing more efficient utilization of these charges during the photocatalytic decomposition process. This work presents a facile way to achieve superior piezo‐photocatalytic performances of AgNbO3‐based photocatalyst via polarization engineering.
XGBoost sequential system for the prediction of Persian lemon crop yield
Authors: López Segura Mildred Virginia , Aguilar Lasserre Alberto Alfonso , Fernández Lámbert Gregorio , Posada Gómez Rubén , Villanueva Vásquez Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractToday, Mexico ranks second worldwide in total lemon production; however, the yield per hectare is only ranked eighth, which makes evident a low productive potential in the country. This work provides an impact analysis of certain physical and climatic variables on the yield of Persian lemon (Citrus latifolia) harvest; its objective is to determine which variables are controllable to guarantee a higher crop yield in different uncontrollable climatic conditions. For this, we developed a yield prediction system. The system consists of three sequential Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms fed with historical information, which allow for prediction of Persian lemon crop in its three stages: flowering, budding, and fruiting, having as input variables planting density, number of trees in production, pruning and cleaning, and pest control, in addition to uncontrollable weather elements such as rain and wind. The variables with the greatest impact on crop yield are pruning, cleaning, and pest control. The algorithms have a performance of 0.87, 0.93, and 0.97, respectively, for each stage. The analysis provides the farmer with a tool that allows him to make data‐driven decisions based on the manipulation of good agricultural practices considering the current weather conditions, thus promoting a higher harvest yield and thus a higher profit margin.
Energy‐efficient cluster‐based artificial intelligence routing for wireless sensor networks
Authors: P Rajendra Prasad , Ahmed Roshan Zameer 
Published: November 2023

SummaryArtificial intelligence (AI)‐based wireless sensor network technology is the future of advancement for real‐time applications. With AI wireless sensor network technology, it is possible to collect data from any environment, analyze in real time, and use it to optimize processes and operations. AI wireless sensor network technology provides an unprecedented level of accuracy as well as the ability to detect even the slightest changes in a given environment. The AI‐based approach uses clustering‐based techniques with self‐organizing map (SOM) for energy conservation in resource‐constrained networks. By clustering the network, it becomes more energy efficient, as data can be shared among members of a cluster without needing to be transmitted across multiple nodes. The proposed AI cluster‐based routing approach outperforms in terms of energy consumption and computational challenges of the network. The results obtained demonstrate the proposed approach to achieve lower energy consumption than the existing algorithms while providing the same level of performance in terms of throughput and latency, as well as a comparison with traditional justification techniques.
Federated learning‐based privacy‐preserving electricity load forecasting scheme in edge computing scenario
Authors: Wang Haolin , Zhao Yun , He Shan , Xiao Yong , Tang Jianlin , Cai Ziwen 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn the era of big data, massive amounts of data hold great value. However, much data exists as isolated islands, and the maximum value of the data cannot be fully utilized. Federated learning allows each client to train local data and then share the training model parameters securely, which can address the isolated data island problem and exploit data value while ensuring data privacy and security. Accordingly, in order to securely complete the electric power load forecasting using existing data, this paper constructs a federated learning‐based privacy‐preserving scheme to support electricity load forecasting in edge computing scenarios. To address the problems of the data‐isolated islands and data privacy in electric power systems, this paper proposes a decentralized distributed solution based on the federated learning technique. Our scheme achieves electricity load forecasting for power systems through the federated learning‐based framework and uses edge computing architecture to improve real‐time data capability and reduce network latency. For the hierarchical scheduling structure in power systems, we divide the system into a cloud‐side‐device three‐layer architecture, which achieves structural coordination and balance, and each layer collects information according to the scheduling control tasks, promoting scheduling effectiveness. Finally, different privacy protection methods are used on the cloud‐edge and edge‐device sides to significantly enhance data security. Moreover, We have conducted extensive experimental simulations for our proposed scheme. The experimental results show that the relative error of electricity load forecasting is around 1.580%. Meanwhile, our scheme achieves high accuracy and low memory usage. The security analysis proves the feasibility and security of our scheme.
Directed C−H Allylation of Aromatic Carboxamides with Allyl Aryl Ethers under Cp*Co(III)‐Catalysis
Authors: Carral‐Menoyo Asier , Barbolla Iratxe , Santiago Carlos , Espinel Martín , Sotomayor Nuria , Gómez‐Bengoa Enrique , Lete Esther 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Cp*Co(III) C−H allylation of (hetero)arenes with allyl aryl ethers has been developed using an amide as directing group (24 examples). DFT calculations have shed light on the mechanistic course and reactivity pattern, showing that strong electron releasing groups favour the reaction by reducing the activation barrier of the rate‐determining C−H activation step. However, the steric strain can increase the energy of the migratory insertion step to the point of completely preventing the reaction, as in the case of the 3,5‐dimethylbenzamide. The obtained allylated compounds have been transformed into a variety of interesting heterocyclic and carbocyclic structures, such as isoquinolones and isochromanones.
Phase change material as a heat sink for solar photovoltaic: A numerical study on the thermo‐physical properties and thickness effects under actual weather conditions
Authors: Sharma Deepak Kumar , Bhale Purnanand V. , Rathod Manish K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis numerical study examines the thermal performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) with phase change material (PCM) as a heat sink under real ambient conditions. A mathematical model is developed to assess the comparability between PV and PV with PCM in a one‐dimensional unsteady state condition. The influence of PCM properties such as density, thermal conductivity, melting point temperature, and latent heat on the thermal performance of PV module is analyzed. The impact of altering PCM layer thickness is also explored. Results show that the PV‐PCM system can keep a nominal operating temperature for a longer duration of energy generation, which enhances the efficiency and lifespan of the PV module. The peak solar cell temperature for conventional PV without PCM is 81.8°C at 12.15 pm, while for PV with PCM, it is 74.8°C at 12.40 pm, indicating a reduction of 6.9°C or 9.3%. The deviation of maximum temperature between standard PV and PV‐PCM systems is 24.8°C or 35% diminished temperature, achieved at 10 am.