bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prior Use of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers and Clinical Outcomes of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Sedhai Yub Raj , Oli Prakash Raj , Proskuriakova Ekaterina , Adelkhanova Alla , Shtembari Jurgen , Khan Tahir Muhammad Abdullah , Singh Karan , Ahmed Muhammad Altaf , Waheed Irfan , Kazimuddin Nisarfathima , Steff Rodney , Acharya Roshan , Patel Nimesh K. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
Sepsis and septic shock are life-threatening conditions that are associated with high mortality and considerable health care costs. The association between prior angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) use and outcomes after sepsis is elusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the prior use of ACEi or ARBs and outcomes after sepsis and septic shock. A relevant literature review was performed in 4 databases from inception until July 2022. Independent reviewers first screened the title, abstract, and full text, and then, data extraction and analysis were performed. One post hoc analysis of a trial and 6 retrospective cohort studies were included in this review. There were 22% lower odds of in-hospital/30-day mortality among patients who have used ACEi/ARBs in the past [23.83% vs. 37.20%; odds ratio (OR), 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64–0.96], and reduced 90-day mortality (OR, 0.80, 95% CI, 0.69–0.92). ACEi/ARBs users were found to have 31% lesser odds of developing acute kidney injury as compared with nonusers (OR, 0.69, 95% CI, 0.63–0.76). There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay (MD 1.26, 95% CI, ‒7.89 to 10.42), need for renal replacement therapy (OR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.13–3.92), mechanical ventilation (OR, 1.10, 95% CI, 0.88–1.37) or use of vasopressors (OR, 1.21, 95% CI, 0.91–1.61). Based on this analysis, prior use of ACEi/ARBs lowers the risk of mortality and adverse renal events in patients with sepsis and septic shock.
A Systematic Review of Interventions With an Educational Component Aimed at Increasing Enrollment and Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Vanzella Lais Manata , Konidis Renee , Pakosh Maureen , Aultman Crystal , Ghisi Gabriela Lima de Melo 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
The aim of this study was to systematically review the impact and characteristics of interventions with an educational component designed to improve enrollment and participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) among patients with cardiovascular disease.

Review Methods:
Five electronic databases were searched from data inception to February 2023. Randomized controlled trials and controlled, cohort, and case-control studies were considered for inclusion. Title, abstract, and full text of records were screened by two independent reviewers. The quality of included studies was rated using the Mixed Methods Assessment Tool. Results were analyzed in accordance with the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis reporting guideline.

Results:
From 7601 initial records, 13 studies were included, six of which were randomized controlled trials (“high” quality = 53%). Two studies evaluated interventions with an educational component for health care providers (multidisciplinary team) and 11 evaluated interventions for patient participants (n = 2678). These interventions were delivered in a hybrid (n = 6; 46%), in-person (n = 4; 30%), or virtual (n = 3; 23%) environment, mainly by nurses (n = 4; 30%) via discussion and orientation. Only three studies described the inclusion of printed or electronic materials (eg, pamphlets) to support the education. Eleven of 12 studies reported that patients who participated in interventions with an educational component or were cared for by health care providers who were educated about CR benefits (inhospital and/or after discharge) were more likely to enroll and participate in CR.

Conclusion:
Interventions with an educational component for patients or health care providers play an important role in increasing CR enrollment and participation and should be pursued. Studies investigating the effects of such interventions in people from ethnic minority groups and living in low-and-middle-income countries, as well as the development of standard educational materials are recommended.
Underestimation of Occupational Radiation Exposure During Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Chiang Hsien-Wen , Chuang Tzu-Chao , Chen Tou-Rong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
During interventional procedures of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR), the dosimeter was conventionally placed on chest facing toward the surgical table, instead of the main source of scatter radiation. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the underestimation of occupational radiation exposure. Phantom experiments were performed in a hybrid operating room equipped with an interventional angiography system. Electric personal dosimeters were placed at the level of eyes, chest, abdomen, and gonad of three positions, representing the principal operator (PO), assistant operator (AO), and sterile nurse (SN). Personal dose equivalent was measured with two different orientations of radiation detection, facing the table and facing the phantom, respectively. In addition to fluoroscopy, the dose produced by digital subtraction angiography was also measured to estimate the radiation exposure of routine EVAR. In this study, staff doses of 26 EVAR cases were also collected in our hospital to correlate the estimated dose. Our results show that the facing-phantom dose normalized by dose area product of patient is significantly higher than the facing-table dose when the latter is regularly seen in clinical practice. This underestimation could be even worse at a more distant position (e.g., AO and SN) as the incident angle of scatter radiation is larger. Besides, the estimated dose is highly correlated with the on-site measured dose (R2 ~ 0.8) at chest and gonad of the PO.
Early Motor Delays During the First 2 Years of Life in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nies Kara J. , Baldwin Jane , Kaur Maninderjit 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
To summarize and appraise the emerging evidence on early motor skills of infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the association of early motor delays to later ASD diagnosis/characteristics.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted for studies published from 2000 to 2023 on the motor skills of infants later diagnosed with ASD, followed by screening and data extraction.

Results:
Current evidence suggested presence of early motor deficits including poor anticipatory movements, postural control, and gross/fine motor skills during the first 2 years of ASD. However, there was variability among studies with regard to study sample and methodology.

Conclusion:
Although motor deficits are evident in infants, it is unclear whether these are specific to ASD or a consequence of general developmental disorder. Future research is needed on the investigation of specificity and severity of early motor delays, which can potentially assist in early identification of ASD.
Clinical Impairments and Rotator Cuff Tendon Pathology in Primary and Intrinsic Secondary Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: Park Gi-Young , Kwon Dong Rak , Cho Hee Kyung , Kwon Do Yun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study was conducted to compare the differences in clinical impairments between patients with primary and intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis and confirm rotator cuff tendon pathology in intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis.

Design
This study included 130 patients with unilateral adhesive capsulitis in freezing or frozen stages. Clinical impairment was evaluated using visual analogue scale score (VAS), shoulder passive range of motion, Cyriax stage(CS), and Constant-Murley score(CMS). Plain radiography, ultrasonography, single-contrast arthrography, and intravenous gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were performed in all patients.

Results
Among 130 patients, 77 patients were diagnosed as primary adhesive capsulitis and 53 patients as intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis. Among intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis patients, 44 rotator cuff tendon tears, 6 calcific tendinitis, and 3 rotator cuff tendon tears with calcific tendinitis were observed. No significant intergroup difference was observed in all clinical parameters, including shoulder passive range of motion, VAS, CS, and CMS. The prevalence of subacromial subdeltoid bursitis was significantly higher in intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis compared with primary adhesive capsulitis.

Conclusion
There was no significant difference in all clinical parameters investigated between patients with primary and intrinsic secondary adhesive capsulitis caused by rotator cuff tendon pathology.
Associations Between Lean IT Management and Financial Performance in US Hospitals
Authors: Lee Justin , Hung Dorothy Y. , Reponen Elina , Rundall Thomas G. , Tierney Aaron A. , Fournier Pierre-Luc , Shortell Stephen M. 
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives:
To understand the relationship between Lean implementation in information technology (IT) departments and hospital performance, particularly with respect to operational and financial outcomes.

Methods:
Primary data were sourced from 1222 hospitals that responded to the National Survey of Lean (NSL)/Transformational Performance Improvement, which was fielded to 4500 general medical-surgical hospitals across the United States. Secondary sources included hospital performance data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). We performed 2 sets of multivariable regressions using data gathered from US hospitals, linked to AHRQ and CMS performance outcomes. We examined 10 different outcomes measuring financial performance, quality of care, and patient experience, and their associations with Lean adoption within hospital IT departments. We then focused only on those hospitals that adopted Lean in IT to identify specific practices associated with performance.

Results:
Controlling for other factors, adoption of Lean IT management was associated with lower length of stay (b = –0.098, P = .018) and inpatient expense per discharge (b = –0.112, P = .090). Specifically, use of visual management tools (eg, A3 storyboards, status sheets) was associated with lower adjusted inpatient expense per discharge (b = –0.176, P = .034) and higher earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization margin (b = 0.124, P = .042). Such tools were also associated with hospital participation in bundled payment programs (odds ratio = 2.326; P = .046; 95% confidence interval, 0.979-5.527) and percentage of net revenue paid on a shared risk basis (b = 0.188, P = .031).

Conclusions:
Lean IT management was associated with positive financial performance, particularly with hospital participation in value-based payment. More detailed study is needed to understand other influential factors and types of work processes, activities, or mechanisms by which high-functioning IT can contribute to financial outcomes.
A high-eigenfrequency differential stiffness probe for high-speed scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Dey S. , Agrawal S. , Kartik V. 
Published: October 2023

Microcantilever probes used for high-speed scanning probe microscopy are typically required to satisfy two mutually contradicting objectives: high eigenfrequency (

ω
n

) and low flexural rigidity (

k
b

). The conventional design approach shortens the microcantilever’s length to increase the eigenfrequencies (as

ω
n

∝
1

/

L
2

); however, this also increases the probe’s rigidity (as

k
b

∝
1

/

L
3

). This paper demonstrates—through experiments and physical modelling—the design of a novel high-eigenfrequency probe by redistributing the microcantilever’s mass along its length. A 100% increase in the probe’s eigenfrequency is achieved with this modified design, even while reducing its stiffness by 50%. Through experiments, this reduced stiffness has been found to enhance the probe’s
force sensitivity
. Also, the probe’s design facilitates redistributing the fluid pressure between its underside surface and the sample, thereby improving the
quality factor
by more than 100%. Significant reduction in
‘overshoot’
and
‘parachute’
is observed in contact mode scanning at the video rate. The improvements in the image resolution are proven for a variety of sample surfaces at very high scan rates up to 40 Hz (corresponding to a linear speed of

3.20

mm

s

−
1

) upon scanning over an area of

40
×
40

μ

m

and are successfully demonstrated to map topographies with negligible image artefacts.
Lévy flights as an emergent phenomenon in a spatially extended system
Authors: Jiao Chunxi , Gottwald Georg A. 
Published: October 2023

Anomalous diffusion and Lévy flights, which are characterized by the occurrence of random discrete jumps of all scales, have been observed in a plethora of natural and engineered systems, ranging from the motion of molecules to climate signals. Mathematicians have recently unveiled mechanisms to generate anomalous diffusion, both stochastically and deterministically. However, there exists to the best of our knowledge no explicit example of a spatially extended system which exhibits anomalous diffusion without being explicitly driven by Lévy noise. We show here that the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation, a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE), despite only being driven by Gaussian white noise, exhibits superdiffusive behaviour. The anomalous diffusion is an entirely emergent behaviour and manifests itself in jumps in the location of its travelling front solution. Using a collective coordinate approach, we reduce the SPDE to a set of stochastic differential equations driven by Gaussian white noise. This allows us to identify the mechanism giving rise to the anomalous diffusion as random widening events of the front interface.
Factors that influenced the course of the mpox outbreak in the Netherlands, 2022-2023
Authors: Haverkate Manon R. , Willemstein Inge J.M. , van Ewijk Catharina E. , Adam Philippe C.G. , Lanooij Susan J. , Jonker-Jorna Petra , van Bokhoven Colette , van Rijckevorsel Gini G.C. , Hoornenborg Elske , David Silke , Mollema Liesbeth , Wierik Margreet J. te , Lange Jente , Franz Eelco , de Melker Hester E. , de Coul Eline L.M. Op , Hahné Susan J.M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn 2022-2023 a global outbreak of mpox affected mostly gay, bisexual and other men having sex with men (GBMSM). Outbreak control in the Netherlands included isolation, quarantine, post-exposure prophylaxis vaccination, and primary preventive vaccination (PPV). We describe the course of the outbreak, the vaccination programme, vaccine effectiveness (VE) of full vaccination against symptomatic disease, and trends in behaviour to generate hypotheses about factors that influenced the outbreak’s decline.MethodsObservational study. Data on notified cases, number of PPV invitations, and PPV doses administered were collected from public health services. PPV uptake and coverage were calculated. Monthly trends in behavioural data of GBMSM visiting Sexual Health Centres (SHC) were analysed for all consultations in 2022. VE was estimated using the screening method.FindingsA total of 1,266 mpox cases were reported until August 1, 2023. The outbreak peaked early July 2022 and sharply declined afterwards. PPV started July 25, 2023; in total 29,851 doses were administered. 45.8% received at least one dose, 35.4% was fully vaccinated. Estimated VE was 68.2% (95% CI 4.3%-89.5%). In our analyses of behavioural data, we did not observe an evident decrease in high-risk behaviour.InterpretationIt is unlikely that PPV was a driver of the outbreak’s decline, as incidence started to decline well before the start of the PPV programme. The possible impact of behavioural change could not be demonstrated with the available indicators. We hypothesise that infection-induced immunity in high-risk groups contributed most to the decline.FundingDutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport.
Predictors of low birth weight in pregnant women with malaria: a prospective cohort facility-based study in Webuye-Kenya
Authors: Mukala Joseph , Mogere Dominic , Kirira Peter , Kanoi Bernard , Akinyi Violet , Kobia Francis , Waweru Harrison , Gitaka Jesse 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMalaria is caused by protozoa of the genusPlasmodiumand remains a major public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its prevalence varies between 9 to 18% with harmful consequences to both the mother and her baby, including adverse pregnancy outcomes such low birth weight, high morbidity, and mortality. However, effective antenatal strategies for improving maternal and child health outcomes through the prevention, early detection, and treatment of malaria in pregnancy, are still lacking in resource-constrained settings. Here, we sought to determine the predictors of low birth weight in pregnant women with malaria in a cohort study in Webuye hospital. Prior to the enrollment of 140 participants, permission was sought from relevant institutions and consent from the participants. Malaria test was conducted either with microscopy or rapid test, and then the cohort splits into malaria positive and negative followed up from the first antenatal visit (March 2022) and delivery (December 2022). Before data collection, training, pre-testing and quality control were duly observed. Data were fed into SPSS 27 version, Chi-square and Fischer’s Exact were used for bi-variate analysis at a p-value less or equal 0.05 (95%). Our results revealed that birth cohort with malaria did not result in significant low birth weight with a relative risk of 0.999, confidence level of 0.926-1.077. The prevalence of low birth weight was 4.6% with 6 cases of which 3 (4.5%) in the negative cohort and 3 (4.7%) in the positive cohort. Anemic pregnant women were 41 (31.5%), HIV were 5 (3,8%), pre-eclampsia was 5 (3.8%), gestational diabetes was 2 (1.5%). Confounding factors, such as anemia, HIV, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes did not influence low birthweight (p-value >0.923). Otherwise, most of the participants were aged 18–25 years, were primigravida, were married, had secondary school level education, earned between 20-30 thousand shillings, were resident in rural areas, and were in their second trimester. Marital status, gestational age and area of residence were associated with malaria with a p-value less than 0.001 and 0.028 respectively.
Molecular evidence that barnacle attachment may be highly associated with a few eukaryotes in the marine biofilm
Authors: Zhang Zhizhou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA preliminary study on the effects of different antifouling coatings on the colonization of barnacles by investigating the diversity parameters of microflora in the coatings has been conducted. In this study, twenty-five different carbon nanotube materials were used to prepare nanocoating paints with a concentration of 0.2% w/v in iron red matrix and immersed in the sea fields for about two weeks. The number of colonized barnacles on each coating film was counted, and high-throughput sequencing analysis of their corresponding biofilm samples was performed to investigate the composition of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It was discovered that there is no significant difference in the composition of prokaryotes in biofilms on coatings with distinct colonization levels of barnacles, but there is a significant difference in the composition of some eukaryotes such as Choreotrichia and Cryptomonadales.
Interplay of RAP2 GTPase and the cytoskeleton in Hippo pathway regulation
Authors: Wu Chenzhou , Cai Xiaomin , Wang Ying , Rodriguez Carlos D. , Herrmann Lydia , Zoaldi Giorgia , Huang Chun-Yuh , Wang Xiaoqiong , Sanghvi Viraj R. , Lu Rongze O. , Meng Zhipeng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Hippo signaling is instrumental in regulating organ size, regeneration, and carcinogenesis. The cytoskeleton emerges as a primary Hippo signaling modulator. Its structural alterations in response to environmental and intrinsic stimuli control Hippo kinase cascade activity. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the cytoskeleton regulation of Hippo signaling are not fully understood. RAP2 GTPase is known to mediate the mechanoresponses of Hippo signalingviaactivating the core Hippo kinases LATS1/2 through MAP4Ks and MST1/2. Here we show the pivotal role of the reciprocal regulation between RAP2 GTPase and the cytoskeleton in Hippo signaling. RAP2 deletion undermines the responses of the Hippo pathway to external cues tied to RhoA GTPase inhibition and actin cytoskeleton remodeling, such as energy stress and serum deprivtion. Notably, RhoA inhibitors and actin disruptors fail to activate LATS1/2 effectively in RAP2-deficient cells. RNA sequencing highlighted differential regulation of both actin and microtubule networks by RAP2 gene deletion. Consistently, Taxol, a microtubule-stabilizing agent, was less effective in activating LATS1/2 and inhibiting cell growth in RAP2 and MAP4K4/6/7 knockout cells. In summary, our findings position RAP2 as a central integrator of cytoskeletal signals for Hippo signaling, which offers new avenues for understanding Hippo regulation and therapeutic interventions in Hippo-impaired cancers.
Forecasting Chinese carbon emission intensity based on the interactive effect GM(1,N) power model
Authors: Wang Yuhong , Si Qi 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis study aims to predict China's carbon emission intensity and put forward a set of policy recommendations for further development of a low-carbon economy in China.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the Interaction Effect Grey Power Model of N Variables (IEGPM(1,N)) is developed, and the Dragonfly algorithm (DA) is used to select the best power index for the model. Specific model construction methods and rigorous mathematical proofs are given. In order to verify the applicability and validity, this paper compares the model with the traditional grey model and simulates the carbon emission intensity of China from 2014 to 2021. In addition, the new model is used to predict the carbon emission intensity of China from 2022 to 2025, which can provide a reference for the 14th Five-Year Plan to develop a scientific emission reduction path.FindingsThe results show that if the Chinese government does not take effective policy measures in the future, carbon emission intensity will not achieve the set goals. The IEGPM(1,N) model also provides reliable results and works well in simulation and prediction.Originality/valueThe paper considers the nonlinear and interactive effect of input variables in the system's behavior and proposes an improved grey multivariable model, which fills the gap in previous studies.