bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The validation of the Barcelona Orthorexia Scale—Spanish version: evidence from the general population
Authors: Navarro Anna , Varela Carmen , Fusté Adela , Andrés Ana , Saldaña Carmina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To validate the Spanish version of Barcelona Orthorexia Scale (BOS) in general population, analyzing its items and both its internal structure and psychometric properties (internal consistency and temporal stability). In addition, the relationship between ON and external measures of attitudes towards food was assessed.

Method
The general population sample consisted of 446 women and 104 men, aged between 18.31 and 69.44 years (M = 36.03; SD = 12.46). Of these, 39 participants answered again the questionnaires after one month from the first application. The assessment instruments were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the BOS, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ).

Results
The final version of the BOS is composed of 35 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted an internal structure of 5 factors (Behavioral, Concern for healthy food, Attitudes and beliefs about food, Vital achievement and Emotional discomfort). The BOS-35 and the factors presented good internal consistency (α = .80–.90), and an adequate temporal stability (r = .62–.88). The highest association was observed between the Emotional Distress (BOS) and the Diet subscale (EAT-26; r = .51).

Conclusions
This first validation of the BOS has shown adequate psychometric properties, being a valid and reliable instrument to assess ON in the general population.
Level of evidence Level II: Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization.
The management of Cd in rice with biochar and selenium: effects, efficiency, and practices
Authors: Danso Ofori Prince , Acheampong Adolf , Zhang Zezhou , Song Jiaping , Wang Zhangmin , Dai Jun , Zhi Tang , Yin Xuebin , Zhu Renbin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy soil significantly threatens food safety and demands immediate attention in modern agriculture. The uptake of Cd by plant roots, facilitated by transporters involved in nutrient uptake, contributes to its accumulation in rice grains. To mitigate Cd accumulation in rice crops, reducing its bioavailability and controlling plant uptake is crucial. Various strategies, including the application of biochar and selenium (Se), have been proposed to address Cd toxicity in contaminated soils. Biochar and Se have effectively reduced Cd toxicity in rice crops through mechanisms such as Cd immobilization and sequestration in vacuoles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of past methods, such as chemical stabilization, and novel approaches, including biochar amendment, biochar modification, and Se-assisted Cd immobilization, in current research on Cd toxicity and its mitigation. Additionally, we examine the fate of Cd in paddy fields, Cd transport processes from soil to grains, and the adverse effects of Cd stress on rice plant growth, physiology, yield, and human health. The overall objective of this review is to enhance understanding of the environmental risks associated with Cd in rice ecosystems and the remediation effects of biochar and Se.
Beta-lactam comprehensive allergy management program in a community medical center
Authors: Vyas Lakhini , Raja Karan , Morrison Susan , Beggs Donald , Attalla Mark S. , Patel Mitesh , Philips Mona 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective:
The Beta-lactam Comprehensive Allergy Management Program (CAMP) was implemented to facilitate complete beta-lactam allergy history documentation in the electronic medical record (EMR) and increase beta-lactam utilization. The study objective was to assess the rate of complete allergy histories and days of antimicrobial therapy (DOT) before versus after CAMP implementation.

Design:
Quasi-experimental study with interrupted time-series analysis.

Setting:
Non-teaching, urban, and community medical center within a multi-hospital health system.

Patients:
Adult inpatients with a beta-lactam allergy receiving antimicrobial therapy.

Methods:
The multidisciplinary CAMP team screened, interviewed, and collected allergy history details of adult inpatients with a beta-lactam allergy receiving antimicrobial therapy starting January 4, 2021. Patients were stratified as high, moderate, or low risk of IgE-mediated allergy and referred to an allergist for skin testing or drug challenge. The EMR was updated with interview details and drug challenge or skin test results. The primary endpoint was rate of complete allergy history documentation before (12/1/18–4/1/19) compared to after (1/4/21–5/1/21) program implementation. The secondary endpoint was days of inpatient beta-lactam therapy. Implementation logistics, de-labeling rate, and antimicrobial therapy changes were evaluated.

Results:
The program evaluated 392 individuals, with 184 and 208 patients comprising the pre- and post-intervention groups, respectively. The post-intervention period was associated with an increase of 19.8% in complete allergy histories (0.359 PPc; R2 0.26; p = 0.002) and 9.34 beta-lactam DOT per 1,000-days-present (1.106 PPc; R2 0.194; p = 0.009).

Conclusion:
Implementation of a comprehensive beta-lactam allergy management program was associated with higher rates of complete beta-lactam allergy history and beta-lactam use.
The development of animal welfare science in China: An explorative analysis
Authors: Guo Xin , Meijboom Franck LB 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents results of a search and analysis of research projects on animal welfare registered in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database in the period 1996–2019, with the aim of gaining a better understanding of developments in animal welfare science in China. The title-abstract search of publications in this database resulted in over 260 articles that could be linked to 200 research projects with an animal welfare component. These projects were analysed for: (a) involved academic disciplines; (b) studied animal species; (c) contexts of animal use; (d) concepts of animal welfare; and (e) attention to ethical dimensions of animal welfare. The analysis shows an increased attention to animal welfare science, with a particular focus on farm and laboratory animals. We observed an increase in the number of studies and of animal species studied. The majority of research projects start in or include a view of animal welfare that is close to Fraser’s ‘biological function’ view. We conclude that the increased attention to animal welfare in science reflects recent developments in China in terms of public concern about animal use, academic debate about the importance of animal welfare, and animal-related political and economic developments linked to China’s ambitions to be a global player in science and food production. For the further development of animal welfare science in China stable funding and more interdisciplinary collaboration are necessary to study and publish on fundamental aspects of animal welfare, on issues not directly related to applied problems, and on the ethical dimensions of animal welfare.
Political Control and Bureaucratic Resistance: The Case of Environmental Agencies in Brazil
Authors: Bersch Katherine , Lotta Gabriela 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWhy does the ability of political leaders to control the bureaucracy vary? With strong meritocratic recruitment and tenure protections, Brazil appears an ideal case for successful bureaucratic resistance against political control. However, our analysis reveals how Bolsonaro overcame initial resistance by recalibrating strategies, ultimately dominating many key sectors of the bureaucracy. Drawing on over 100 interviews with public officials, we find that strategies of political control and bureaucratic resistance unfold in a dynamic, yet often predictable, pattern based on leaders' previous experiences and their ability to learn, adjust, and tighten their grip on the instruments of the state. The Bolsonaro administration transformed the regulatory framework and targeted individual state employees, reducing arenas of contestation and inducing public sector workers to remain silent, implementing the president’s policy preferences. We examine these control strategies in environmental agencies, their replication, and potential long-term consequences.
Clinical impacts of n-3 fatty acids supplementation on depression symptoms: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
Authors: Lu Yi , Qiao Dongdong , Mi Guolin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSeveral meta-analyses investigating the efficacy of n-3 PUFA in alleviating depression symptoms have reported conflicting findings. In the present study, we aimed to perform an umbrella meta-analysis to provide a definite conclusion. A comprehensive systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Library was performed up to June 2021. Meta-analysis studies evaluating the effects of n-3 PUFA on depression symptoms were included. The quality of the included meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR questionnaire. Out of 101 studies, twenty-two studies with twenty-six effect sizes (ES) were eligible for inclusion. Sixteen ES showed significant improving effect of n-3 supplementation on depression symptoms among which eleven ES had small ES. The other studies observed no significant effect. Available evidence suggests that n-3 PUFA (EPA, DHA) supplementation could be considered as an effective add-on therapeutic approach in relieving depression symptoms.
Innovation Under Ambiguity and Risk
Authors: Coiculescu Gabriela , Izhakian Yehuda , Ravid S. Abraham 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe view innovation investments as real options and explore the implications of risk (volatility) as well as a newly defined outcome independent measure of ambiguity (Knightian uncertainty) for innovation decisions. The empirical analysis uses stock returns to compute an implementable measure of ambiguity. We also control for risk and other determinants of innovation. We find a consistently significant negative effect of ambiguity on R&D, patents, and citations, as predicted. The effect of risk on R&D is positive and significant, but the corresponding effect on patents and citations is negative and significant. Ambiguity matters more for high-tech firms, consistent with intuition.
Sick leave before, during, and after short-term outpatient psychotherapy: a cohort study on sick leave days and health care costs between behavioral and psychodynamic psychotherapies on anonymized claims data
Authors: Bothe Tim , Basedow Frederike , Kröger Christoph , Enders Dirk 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundSick leave due to mental disorders poses a relevant societal and economic burden. Research on sick leave over a patient journey of individuals who received one of two treatment approaches – either behavioral (BT) or psychodynamic (PDT) psychotherapy – is scarce.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study on anonymized German claims data for propensity-score matched patients who received short-term outpatient BT or PDT. We analyzed sick leave days and direct health care costs one year before, during, and one year after psychotherapy.ResultsWe analyzed data of patients who received BT and PDT, with N = 14 530 patients per group after matching. Patients showed sick leave days per person year of 33.66 and 35.05 days before, 35.99 and 39.74 days during, and 20.03 and 20.95 days after BT and PDT, respectively. Sick leave rates were overall higher in patients who received PDT. Both patient groups showed reductions of roughly 14 sick leave days per year, or 40%, from before to after therapy without a difference between BT and PDT (difference-in-difference [DiD] = −0.48, 95%-confidence interval [CI] −1.61 to 0.68). Same applies to direct health care costs which reduced in both groups by roughly 1800 EUR (DiD = 0, 95%-CI −158 to 157).ConclusionsResults suggest similar reductions in sick leave days and direct health care costs from before to after BT and PDT. As sick leave is discussed to serve as an indicator of overall health and functioning in mental disorders, both treatments may have a similar positive impact on mental health.
A narrative inquiry into how oldest-old care-givers of people with dementia manage age-related care-giving challenges
Authors: Arbel Ifah , Cameron Jill I. , Trentham Barry , Dawson Deirdre R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Oldest-old (age 80+) spousal care-givers of people with dementia experience unique challenges and concerns that they attribute to age and/or ageing, including difficulties providing care because of physical, cognitive or sensory decline; having fewer friends who can provide practical support; and having less energy for non-care-giving activities (e.g. leisure activities, self-care). Previous research on how older care-givers manage is not specific to oldest-old care-givers and may underrepresent their unique experiences managing age and ageing-related challenges. A limited understanding can compromise our ability to tailor services to ageing care-givers. The purpose of this research was to illuminate how oldest-old spousal care-givers of people with dementia manage ageing-related care-giving challenges and the barriers and facilitators to strategy use. The selective optimisation with compensation theory and the transactional theory of stress and coping informed our conceptualisation of management strategies. We used a narrative gerontology approach, with two or three semi-structured interviews with 11 care-givers aged 80–89 (25 interviews in total). Narrative data were analysed thematically. We identified four main themes that encompassed the strategies shared by care-givers: adjusting goals to lessen care-giving demands and to mitigate stress, using alternative means to reach goals and to mitigate stress, enhancing capacities to care and mitigate stress through engagement in non-care-giving activities, and choosing positive attitudes and perspectives to lessen emotional distress. We identified a myriad of facilitators and barriers to strategy utilisation in each theme. The study provides unique insight into care-givers' management strategies, especially in relation to relocation of self and spouse and participation in non-care-giving activities, as well as insight into age-related facilitators and barriers. This research can ultimately help inform the tailoring of age-sensitive health and social care services to meet the needs of this group of care-givers as they age.
Beyond the numbers on women’s representation: Recognition of women’s leadership in global governance
Authors: Jongen Hortense 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo what extent has the glass ceiling in global governance been shattered? To answer this question, we need to look beyond the numbers on women’s representation and study how far women are perceived as inspiring and visionary leaders in global governance. This article offers an analysis of perceptions of inspiring and visionary leadership in global multistakeholder initiatives from a gender perspective. Based on 467 interviews with participants in a leading multistakeholder initiative, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), it presents four findings: (1) respondents identify more men than women as inspiring and visionary leaders, with the difference roughly corresponding to the share of women in leadership roles; (2) respondents tend to ascribe more leadership attributes to women than to men when explaining why they find them inspiring and visionary; (3) both feminine and masculine leadership traits are appreciated in relation to both men and women leaders at ICANN; (4) female respondents identify more women as inspiring and visionary leaders than male respondents. These findings contribute novel insights into gendered perceptions around leadership and the importance of role models in global governance. They also shed much-needed light on the demands and expectations from leadership in global multistakeholder arrangements.
Comprehensive psychological crisis intervention of college students with anxiety disorder
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Chen Yue , Wang Cuicui , Qi Jinling , Gao Ying 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAnxiety disorder is one of the common mental health problems in college students, which hurts their study, work, and life. Comprehensive psychological crisis intervention is a complete psychological treatment method expected to be essential in treating anxiety disorders in college students.Subjects and MethodsOne hundred college students with anxiety disorder were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received comprehensive psychological crisis intervention treatment and comprehensive intervention measures such as psychological assistance, cognitive behavioral therapy, and intimate relationship training. The control group received traditional psychotherapy, including counseling and medication. The Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and other assessment tools were used to carry out psychological measurements of the two groups of patients before, after, and at the follow-up point, respectively. The collected information was statistically analyzed by SPSS23.0 software.ResultsAfter the comprehensive psychological crisis intervention treatment, the anxiety and depression levels of the experimental group were significantly reduced (P<0.001), and life satisfaction was significantly increased (P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed obvious advantages in curative effect.ConclusionsComprehensive psychological crisis intervention has shown remarkable efficacy in college students with anxiety disorders, can effectively reduce anxiety and depression, and improves the life satisfaction of patients. This approach may become an essential option for treating anxiety disorders in college students.Acknowledgement2021 Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project for Basic Research Business Expenses of Provincial Undergraduate Universities in Heilongjiang Province. No. 2021-
kyywf-0384.
Brain activation patterns of English language semantic processing in autistic groups
Authors: Ning Yan 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAutism is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and there are certain differences in the brain activation patterns of English language semantic processing among autistic individuals. The research aims to explore the brain activation patterns of autistic groups during English semantic processing thus to enhance their understanding of language development.Subjects and MethodsThe study used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) technology, combined with the task paradigm of English word meaning processing, to study the brain activation patterns of individuals with autism. By comparing the differences in brain activation patterns between two groups in word meaning processing tasks, researchers attempted to reveal the specific neural mechanisms involved in language processing in autistic groups. At the same time, SPSS23.0 statistical software was used to process the data.ResultsThrough comparative experiments, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) score and Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) score of the experimental group were 7.53 and 31.24 respectively; The HAMA and GSES scores of the control group were 10.84 and 25.81, respectively. The results indicate that the processing of English language word meanings has a brain activation effect on people with autism.Conclusions
Research can promote the understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms of autism, and contribute to improving daily communication and life quality for autistic groups.AcknowledgementThe Education Department of Hainan Province (No. Hnjgzc2022-121); The Education Department of Hainan Province (No. Hnjgw2022-13).
Music culture inheritance and education on bipolar disorder in college students
Authors: Cao Yu 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundBipolar disorder, also known as bipolar disorder, is a common mental disorder that combines manic or mild manic episodes with depressive episodes. With the development of society, the proportion of college students suffering from bipolar disorder is gradually increasing, which has a serious impact on their physical and mental health.Subjects and MethodsIn order to analyze the impact of the inheritance of ethnic music culture and music education in universities on bipolar disorder among college students, the study selected 60 college students with bipolar disorder and randomly divided them into two groups, the research group and the control group, with 30 students in each group. The control group mainly used quetiapine for treatment, while the treatment group added psychological intervention therapy for ethnic music culture inheritance and music education based on drug treatment. The treatment cycle for both groups is one month. In addition, the study selected the Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and SPSS23.0 to evaluate the various conditions of patients.Results
The results showed that after treatment, the mental state and quality of life scores of both groups of students were increasing, and the scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant decrease in depression and anxiety scores in both groups of students, and the scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionsFrom this, it can be seen that the inheritance of ethnic music culture and music education in universities are beneficial for alleviating the bipolar disorder of college students.Acknowledgement2022 High-level Talent Introduction of Nanchang Vocational University-level scientific Research start-up Project (Doctor) (No. 2022-2).
Music curriculum innovation construction on postgraduate mania from the perspective of curriculum ideology and politics
Authors: Cao Kun 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundGraduate students, as highly intelligent individuals, are more likely to experience mania during their studies than the general population. They are affected by learning pressure, environmental factors, and other factors and manifested as high spirits and irritability. Art therapy, as a relatively effective treatment method, is often used for psychological intervention and treatment. Therefore, this study innovatively constructs music courses from the perspective of ideological and political education to alleviate graduate students’ mania.Subjects and MethodsFifty graduate students with mania from a certain university were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into Group A and Group B. Group A used traditional treatment methods, while Group B added innovative music courses to the traditional treatment methods for combined treatment. After the experiment, the data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 20.0.ResultsAfter the combination of results and intervention treatment, the overall compliance rate of student patients reached 98%, significantly higher than 60% in Group A; In the quality of life score, the social function score of Group B was 65.95 ± 4.20, the mental health score was 64.54 ± 4.89, and the psychological function score was 67.39 ± 5.14, all of which were higher than those of Group A.ConclusionsFrom the perspective of ideological and political education in the curriculum, the innovative construction of music courses has an effective alleviating effect on graduate students’ mania.AcknowledgementGuangxi academic degree and postgraduate education reform project (No. JGY2021162).