bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving Orthogonal Upconversion Luminescence of a Single Lanthanide Ion in Crystals for Optical Encryption
Authors: An Ran , Du Pengye , Liang Yuan , Liu Shuyu , Wei Yi , Lei Pengpeng , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOptical encryption shows great potential in meeting the growing demand for advanced anti‐counterfeiting in the information age. The development of upconversion luminescence (UCL) materials capable of emitting different colors of light in response to different external stimuli holds great promise in this field. However, the effective realization of multicolor UCL materials usually requires complex structural designs. In this work, orthogonal UCL is achieved in crystals with a simple structure simply by introducing modulator Tm3+ ions to control the photon transition processes between different energy levels of activator Er3+ ions. The obtained crystals emit red and green UCL when excited by 980 nm and 808 nm lasers, respectively. The orthogonal excitation‐emission properties of crystals are shown to be very suitable for high‐level optical encryption, which is important for information security and anti‐counterfeiting. This work provides an effective strategy for obtaining orthogonal UCL in simple structural materials, which will encourage researchers to further explore novel orthogonal UCL materials and their applications, and has important implications for the development of the frontier photonic upconversion fields.
An efficient molten‐salt electro‐deoxidation strategy enabling fast‐kinetics and long‐life aluminum–selenium batteries
Authors: Tu Jiguo , Huang Zheng , Chang Cheng , Lei Haiping , Wang Shuai , Jiao Shuqiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAluminum–selenium (Al–Se) batteries have been considered as one of the most promising energy storage systems owing to their high capacity, energy density, and cost effectiveness, but Se falls challenges in addressing the shuttle effect of soluble intermediate product and sluggish reaction kinetics in the solid–solid conversion process during cycling. Herein, we propose an unprecedented design concept for fabricating uniform Se/C hollow microspheres with controllable morphologies through low‐temperature electro‐deoxidation in neutral NaCl–AlCl3 molten salt system. Such Se/C hollow microspheres are demonstrated to hold a favorable hollow structure for hosting Se, which can not only suppress the dissolution of soluble intermediate products into the electrolyte, thereby maintaining the structural integrity and maximizing Se utilization of the active material, but also promote the electrical/ionic conductivity, thus facilitating the rapid reaction kinetics during cycling. Accordingly, the as‐prepared Se/C hollow microspheres exhibit a high reversible capacity of 720.1 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1. Even at the high current density of 1000 mA g−1, Se/C delivers a high discharge capacity of 564.0 mAh g−1, long‐term stability over 1100 cycles and high Coulombic efficiency of 98.6%. This present work provides valuable insights into short‐process recovery of advanced Se‐containing materials and value‐added utilization for energy storage.
Ferroptosis heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment revealed a genetic blueprint of breast cancer
Authors: Qiu Ziran , Deng Chongwen , Zhou Fuyin , Chen Yuan , Chen XinLiang , Liu Xinyu , Ye Chunhua , Jin Na 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences disease progression through immune infiltration, while ferroptosis, a recently discovered cell death mechanism, plays a crucial role in tumor suppression. However, its role in breast cancer is not clear. In this study, we analyzed bulk RNA and single‐cell RNA sequencing data from 1217 samples, including 1104 breast cancer patients and 113 controls, to identify ferroptosis‐related genes (FRGs) and construct a prognostic model. Using univariate cox regression, LASSO regression, and multivariate cox regression analysis, we discovered 21 FRGs and 3 TME‐related immune cell types with prognostic value. Dimensionality reduction clustering and visualization were performed using the UMAP method, while the immune infiltration process was calculated with the TIP online tool. We employed GSEA enrichment analysis, WGCNA clustering analysis, and correlation analysis to examine functional differences, and the mutation analysis of the best and worst prognosis groups was conducted using the maftools package. Our findings revealed that knocking down the expression of the hub gene SLC39A7 significantly impacted cancer cell apoptosis and combining ferroptosis and TME scores yielded high prognostic power. Epithelial cells and B cells exhibited higher ferroptosis scores, which were independently associated with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response and ICB gene expression. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of the relationship between ferroptosis and ICB response in breast cancer. In conclusion, we developed a prognostic model based on ferroptosis and infiltrated immune cells that effectively stratified breast cancer patients and demonstrated the role of SLC39A7 in breast cancer pathogenesis through the regulation of apoptosis.
Protective effect of tretinoin on cervical cancer growth and proliferation through downregulation of pFAK2 expression
Authors: Gong Hui , Zhao Lina , Liu Juntao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer, a life‐threatening disease, is the seventh most commonly detected cancer among women throughout the world. The present study investigated the effect of tretinoin on cervical cancer growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo in the mice model.Materials and MethodsCell Counting Kit‐8, clonogenic survival, and transwell chamber assays were used for determination cells proliferation, colony formation, and invasiveness. Western blotting assay was used for assessment of protein expression whereas AutoDock Vina and Discovery studio software for in silico studies.ResultsTretinoin treatment significantly (p < .05) reduced the proliferation of HT‐3 and Caski cells in concentration‐based manner. Incubation with tretinoin caused a significant decrease in clonogenic survival of HT‐3 and Caski cells compared with the control cultures. The invasive potential of HT‐3 cells was decreased to 18%, whereas that of Caski cells to 21% on treatment with 8 μM concentration of tretinoin. In HT‐3 cells, tretinoin treatment led to a prominent reduction in p‐focal adhesion kinase (FAK), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)‐2, and MMP‐9 expression in HT‐3 cells. Treatment of the cervical cancer mice model with tretinoin led to a prominent decrease in tumor growth. The metastasis of tumor in model cervical cancer mice group was effectively inhibited in spleen, intestines, and peritoneal cavity. In silico studies showed that tretinoin interacts with alanine, proline, isoleucine, and glycine amino acid residues of FAK protein to block its activation. The 2‐dimensional diagram of interaction of tretinoin with FAK protein revealed that tretinoin binds to alanine and glycine amino acids through conventional hydrogen bonding.ConclusionIn summary, tretinoin suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, and invasiveness of cervical cancer cells in vitro. It decreased the expression of activated focal adhesion kinase, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9 in HT‐3 cells in dose‐dependent manner. In silico studies showed that tretinoin interacts with alanine and glycine amino acids through conventional hydrogen bonding. In vivo data demonstrated that treatment of the cervical cancer mice model with tretinoin led to a prominent decrease in tumor growth. Therefore, tretinoin can be developed as an effective therapeutic agent for cervical cancer treatment.
Biomarker data with measurement error in medical research: A literature review
Authors: Wang Ching‐Yun , Hwang Wen‐Han , Song Xiao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of a disease or medical condition in biomedical or epidemiological research. Biomarkers may help in early diagnosis and prevention of diseases. Several biomarkers have been identified for many diseases such as carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 for pancreatic cancer. However, biomarkers may be measured with errors due to many reasons such as specimen collection or day‐to‐day within‐subject variability of the biomarker, among others. Measurement error in the biomarker leads to bias in the regression parameter estimation for the association of the biomarker with disease in epidemiological studies. In addition, measurement error in the biomarkers may affect standard diagnostic measures to evaluate the performance of biomarkers such as the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, and specificity. Measurement error may also have an effect on how to combine multiple cancer biomarkers as a composite predictor for disease diagnosis. In follow‐up studies, biomarkers are often collected intermittently at examination times, which may be sparse and typically biomarkers are not observed at the event times. Joint modeling of longitudinal and time‐to‐event data is a valid approach to account for measurement error in the analysis of repeatedly measured biomarkers and time‐to‐event outcomes. In this article, we provide a literature review on existing methods to correct for estimation in regression analysis, diagnostic measures, and joint modeling of longitudinal biomarkers and survival outcomes when the biomarkers are measured with errors.This article is categorized under:
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Robust Methods
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > EM Algorithm
Statistical Models > Survival Models
Can We Look at Refused Knowledge Differently?
Authors: Neresini Federico 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecalling a number of epistemological debates deeply rooted within the STS tradition—such as those concerning the relationship between the researcher and who/what is analysed (positionality), the process through which every element in a network is continuously constituted (relationality), and the fact that when something is defined, its counterpart is also constituted (reciprocity)—this chapter supplies a general framework upon which all of the subsequent chapters are based. Thus, it discusses the substantive reasons behind the Refused Knowledge Communities (RKCs) notion in full. The chapter then elucidates the theoretical approach we deem best suited to studying the RKCs, i.e. an integration between the Social World Framework and some concepts developed by Actor-Network Theory, including discussing how and whether their cross-fertilisation is possible and useful in exploring the current challenges to science
Long-lived neutral fermions at the DUNE near detector
Authors: Günther Julian Y. , de Vries Jordy , Dreiner Herbi K. , Wang Zeren Simon , Zhou Guanghui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
At the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a proton beam hits a fixed target leading to large production rates of mesons. These mesons can decay and potentially provide a source of long-lived neutral fermions. Examples of such long-lived fermions are heavy neutral leptons which can mix with the standard-model active neutrinos, and the bino-like lightest neutralino in R-parity-violating supersymmetry. We show that the Standard Model Effective Field Theory extended with right-handed singlet neutrinos can simultaneously describe heavy neutral leptons and bino-like neutralinos in a unified manner. We use the effective-field-theory framework to determine the sensitivity reach of the DUNE near detector in probing various scenarios of long-lived neutral fermions.
Selenium-SelK-GPX4 axis protects nucleus pulposus cells against mechanical overloading-induced ferroptosis and attenuates senescence of intervertebral disc
Authors: Jia Chunwang , Xiang Ziqian , Zhang Pengfei , Liu Long , Zhu Xuetao , Yu Ruixuan , Liu Zhicheng , Wang Shaoyi , Liu Kaiwen , Wang Zihao , Vasilev Krasimir , Zhou Shuanhu , Geng Ziwen , Liu Xinyu , Zhao Yunpeng , Gao Yuan , Cheng Lei , Li Yuhua 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most prevalent spinal degenerative disorders and imposes places heavy medical and economic burdens on individuals and society. Mechanical overloading applied to the intervertebral disc (IVD) has been widely recognized as an important cause of IVDD. Mechanical overloading-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis was reported, but the potential association between ferroptosis and mechanical overloading remains to be illustrated in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. In this study, we discovered that excessive mechanical loading induced ferroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which were detected by mitochondria and associated markers, by increasing the intracellular free Ca2+ level through the Piezo1 ion channel localized on the plasma membrane and ER membrane in NP cells. Besides, we proposed that intracellular free Ca2+ level elevation and the activation of ER stress are positive feedback processes that promote each other, consistent with the results that the level of ER stress in coccygeal discs of aged Piezo1-CKO mice were significantly lower than that of aged WT mice. Then, we confirmed that selenium supplementation decreased intracellular free Ca2+ level by mitigating ER stress through upregulating Selenoprotein K (SelK) expression. Besides, ferroptosis caused by the impaired production and function of Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) due to mechanical overloading-induced calcium overload could be improved by selenium supplementation through Se-GPX4 axis and Se-SelK axis in vivo and in vitro, eventually presenting the stabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our findings reveal the important role of ferroptosis in mechanical overloading-induced IVDD, and selenium supplementation promotes significance to attenuate ferroptosis and thus alleviates IVDD, which might provide insights into potential therapeutic interventions for IVDD.
Optimized Sigmoid Functions for Speech Presence Probability and Gain Function in Speech Enhancement
Authors: Dam Hai Huyen , Nordholm Sven , Yong Pei Chee , Low Siow Yong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSpeech presence probability (SPP) and gain functions such as Wiener filter or MMSE estimators require an estimate of the a-priori signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, the estimation of the a-priori SNR is computationally involved and sensitive to noise variations. This paper proposes to approximate the SPP and the overall gain function of a speech enhancement system by using sigmoid functions to reduce the need of estimating the a-prior SNR. By applying an approximation via the sigmoid functions it is shown that only the a-posteriori estimate of SNR is needed, resulting in a low complexity system. The sigmoid function is designed with an optimization algorithm to optimize its parameters with respect to speech quality measures. The optimization algorithm is based on the idea that the solution obtained for a given problem should move towards the best solution and avoid the worst solution. The proposed algorithm requires minimal control parameters and does not require any algorithm specific parameters. Simulation results show that the proposed sigmoid functions achieve good results in terms of speech quality measures when compared with existing methods while providing significantly lower complexity for implementation.
Dose selection for aztreonam-avibactam, including adjustments for renal impairment, for Phase IIa and Phase III evaluation
Authors: Das Shampa , Riccobene Todd , Carrothers Timothy J. , Wright James G. , MacPherson Merran , Cristinacce Andrew , McFadyen Lynn , Xie Rujia , Luckey Alison , Raber Susan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A series of iterative population pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling and probability of target attainment (PTA) analyses based on emerging data supported dose selection for aztreonam-avibactam, an investigational combination antibiotic for serious Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Methods
Two iterations of PK models built from avibactam data in infected patients and aztreonam data in healthy subjects with “patient-like” assumptions were used in joint PTA analyses (primary target: aztreonam 60% fT > 8 mg/L, avibactam 50% fT > 2.5 mg/L) exploring patient variability, infusion durations, and adjustments for moderate (estimated creatinine clearance [CrCL] > 30 to ≤ 50 mL/min) and severe renal impairment (> 15 to ≤ 30 mL/min). Achievement of > 90% joint PTA and the impact of differential renal clearance were considerations in dose selection.

Results
Iteration 1 simulations for Phase I/IIa dose selection/modification demonstrated that 3-h and continuous infusions provide comparable PTA; avibactam dose drives joint PTA within clinically relevant exposure targets; and loading doses support more rapid joint target attainment. An aztreonam/avibactam 500/137 mg 30-min loading dose and 1500/410 mg 3-h maintenance infusions q6h were selected for further evaluation. Iteration 2 simulations using expanded PK models supported an alteration to the regimen (500/167 mg loading; 1500/500 mg q6h maintenance 3-h infusions for CrCL > 50 mL/min) and selection of doses for renal impairment for Phase IIa/III clinical studies.

Conclusion
A loading dose plus 3-h maintenance infusions of aztreonam-avibactam in a 3:1 fixed ratio q6h optimizes joint PTA. These analyses supported dose selection for the aztreonam-avibactam Phase III clinical program. Clinical trial registration: NCT01689207; NCT02655419; NCT03329092; NCT03580044.
Multifactorial analysis of terminator performance on heterologous gene expression in Physcomitrella
Authors: Niederau Paul Alexander , Eglé Pauline , Willig Sandro , Parsons Juliana , Hoernstein Sebastian N. W. , Decker Eva L. , Reski Ralf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Key message
Characterization of Physcomitrella 3′UTRs across different promoters yields endogenous single and double terminators for usage in molecular pharming.

Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins for health applications accounts for a large share of the biopharmaceutical market. While many drugs are produced in microbial and mammalian systems, plants gain more attention as expression hosts to produce eukaryotic proteins. In particular, the good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant moss Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens) has outstanding features, such as excellent genetic amenability, reproducible bioreactor cultivation, and humanized protein glycosylation patterns. In this study, we selected and characterized novel terminators for their effects on heterologous gene expression. The Physcomitrella genome contains 53,346 unique 3′UTRs (untranslated regions) of which 7964 transcripts contain at least one intron. Over 91% of 3′UTRs exhibit more than one polyadenylation site, indicating the prevalence of alternative polyadenylation in Physcomitrella. Out of all 3′UTRs, 14 terminator candidates were selected and characterized via transient Dual-Luciferase assays, yielding a collection of endogenous terminators performing equally high as established heterologous terminators CaMV35S, AtHSP90, and NOS. High performing candidates were selected for testing as double terminators which impact reporter levels, dependent on terminator identity and positioning. Testing of 3′UTRs among the different promoters NOS, CaMV35S, and PpActin5 showed an increase of more than 1000-fold between promoters PpActin5 and NOS, whereas terminators increased reporter levels by less than tenfold, demonstrating the stronger effect promoters play as compared to terminators. Among selected terminator attributes, the number of polyadenylation sites as well as polyadenylation signals were found to influence terminator performance the most. Our results improve the biotechnology platform Physcomitrella and further our understanding of how terminators influence gene expression in plants in general.
Endogene Candida-Endophthalmitis: Diagnostik und Therapieoptionen anhand von Fallbeispielen
Authors: Huth A. , Viestenz A. , Viestenz A. , Heichel J. , Gabel-Pfisterer A. 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die endogene Candida-Endophthalmitis ist ein Notfall, welcher Visus und Auge als gesamtes Organ, durch die systemische Ursache aber auch das Leben des Patienten bedrohen kann.

Material und Methode
Retrospektive Auswertung der Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde Halle (Saale) und der Augenklinik des Klinikums Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam von 2017 bis 2022. (Alter, Geschlecht, Seitenbeteiligung, Grunderkrankungen, Symptomatik, Visus prä- und postoperativ, Diagnostik, Therapie und Komplikationen). Es werden die standardisierten Vorgehensweisen bei endogener Candida-Endophthalmitis erläutert, die Daten mit der Literatur verglichen und Therapievorschläge vorgestellt.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 8 Patienten mit 14 Augen aufgrund einer endogenen Candida-Endophthalmitis behandelt. 2 Patienten waren Frauen, 6 Patienten waren Männer. Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 70,25 Jahren (53 bis 82 Jahre). 6 Patienten wiesen eine beidseitige Augenbeteiligung auf, 2 Patienten waren einseitig betroffen. Bei allen Patienten lagen mehrere schwerwiegende immunkompromittierende Grunderkrankungen vor, die ursächlich für eine Candidämie waren. Alle Patienten erhielten an den betroffenen Augen eine Pars-plana-Vitrektomie (ppV) bis auf einen Patienten, der keine Freigabe zur Narkose erhielt. Neben der systemischen Therapie mit Antimykotika wurde während der ppV routinemäßig Voriconazol intravitreal appliziert. Im Anschluss erhielten die Patienten befundadaptiert weitere intravitreale Gaben von Voriconazol. Von allen Patienten wurden im Rahmen der ppV Glaskörperproben genommen, der Nachweis von Candida albicans war in allen Fällen möglich. Im Rahmen der lokalen perioperativen Therapie erhielt 1 Patient an beiden Augen eine parabulbäre Eingabe eines Triamcinolon-Depots (20 mg), 7 Patienten an 11 Augen erhielten ein Dexamethason-Depot (4 mg) und alle 8 Patienten eine befundorientierte Lokaltherapie mit Prednisolonacetat-Augentropfen. Der Visus stieg im Durchschnitt von präoperativ 1,2 logMAR auf 1,0 logMAR an. Eine postoperative Ablatio trat in keinem Fall auf, es gab keine schwerwiegenden perioperativen Komplikationen. Zwei der Patienten verstarben nach 3 bzw. 25 Monaten an einer ihrer Grunderkrankungen.

Schlussfolgerung
Trotz einer zunehmenden Zahl an Fallserien fehlt bislang eine einheitliche Leitlinie für Augenärzte in Deutschland. Einigkeit besteht bezüglich der systemischen Therapie und der intravitrealen Eingabe von antimykotischen Wirkstoffen Die Rolle der ppV ist noch nicht eindeutig definiert, und auch die Frage der adjuvanten Anwendung von Steroiden (systemisch und/oder lokal) ist nicht abschließend geklärt.