bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging Laboratory Electrocatalysts with Industrially Relevant Alkaline Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Wang Ning , Song Shizhen , Wu Wentong , Deng Zhanfeng , Tang Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe alkaline water electrolyzer (AWE) is the earliest and most mature water‐splitting technology. However, the conventional Raney Ni electrocatalysts dominantly used in AWEs are struggling to meet current demands for higher energy efficiency and cost‐effectiveness in green hydrogen production. Although many promising electrocatalytic materials have been developed using facile preparation methods in the laboratory, they have not received much attention in commercial AWE applications. It is due to the academic negligence on specific operational conditions, critical performance metrics, and material costs associated with industrial AWEs, as well as disregarding the impact of large‐scale electrode manufacturing processes on catalytic performance. Therefore, a timely review to bridge laboratory focus with industrial requirements is essential to guide the future development of water‐splitting electrocatalysts. Here, starting from the differences of operating and testing conditions between laboratory and industrial systems, the gaps in electrocatalytic equipment, evaluation methods, and preparation principles of electrodes are outlined. To narrow these gaps, some academic efforts in advancing industrially relevant electrocatalysts are highlighted and personal perspectives on future opportunities, research focus, and challenges in this field are provided.
Low‐Temperature Flexible Integration of All‐Solid‐State Thin‐Film Lithium Batteries Enabled by Spin‐Coating Electrode Architecture
Authors: Ke Bingyuan , Cheng Shoulin , Zhang Congcong , Li Wangyang , Zhang Jie , Deng Renming , Lin Jie , Xie Qingshui , Qu Baihua , Qiao Li , Peng Dong‐Liang , Wang Xinghui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMicro energy sources as the nucleus of intelligent microdevices guarantee their full autonomy in the dimensions of time and space. However, the state‐of‐the‐art micro energy storage components, like all‐solid‐state thin‐film microbatteries (ASSTFBs), whose direct integration is impeded by the stereotyped vacuum‐based manufacturing technologies, for which an inevitable high‐temperature annealing step (> 500 °C) can exert catastrophic effects on the attached microdevices during the crystallization of manufactured insertion thin‐film cathodes, especially in flexible integration. Herein, a prototype construction is created to benchmark concrete feasibility for the low‐temperature manufacturing of ASSTFBs via a nonvacuum‐based spin‐coating electrode architecture. Results show that the spin‐coated LiFePO4 films enable low‐temperature (≈ 45 °C) manufacturing of ASSTFBs, by which it can deliver excellent cycling performance up to 1000 cycles. Importantly, this technology presents the versatility of integrating various cathode composites into ASSTFBs and is therefore generalized to the LiCoO2‐ and Li4Ti5O12‐based solid‐state chemistries. Furthermore, ASSTFBs with such compliant electrodes manifest outstanding flexibility without pronounced capacity degradation by successfully integrating on flexible temperature‐sensitive substrates. The spin‐coating protocol provides a general solution for excessive processing temperatures and ample opportunities for the development of on‐chip integratable and flexible ASSTFBs.
Machine Learning‐Assisted Property Prediction of Solid‐State Electrolyte
Authors: Li Jin , Zhou Meisa , Wu Hong‐Hui , Wang Lifei , Zhang Jian , Wu Naiteng , Pan Kunming , Liu Guilong , Zhang Yinggan , Han Jiajia , Liu Xianming , Chen Xiang , Wan Jiayu , Zhang Qiaobao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) exhibits substantial potential for predicting the properties of solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). By integrating experimental or/and simulation data within ML frameworks, the discovery and development of advanced SSEs can be accelerated, ultimately facilitating their application in high‐end energy storage systems. This review commences with an introduction to the background of SSEs, including their explicit definition, comprehensive classification, intrinsic physical/chemical properties, underlying mechanisms governing their conductivity, challenges, and future developments. An in‐depth explanation of the ML methodology is also elucidated. Subsequently, the key factors that influence the performance of SSEs are summarized, including thermal expansion, modulus, diffusivity, ionic conductivity, reaction energy, migration barrier, band gap, and activation energy. Finally, it is offered perspectives on the design prerequisites for upcoming generations of SSEs, focusing on real‐time property prediction, multi‐property optimization, multiscale modeling, transfer learning, automation and high‐throughput experimentation, and synergistic optimization of full battery, all of which are crucial for accelerating the progress in SSEs. This review aims to guide the design and optimization of novel SSE materials for the practical realization of efficient and reliable SSEs in energy storage technologies.
Australian researcher's perspectives on the Australian industry‐led moratorium on genetic tests in life insurance
Authors: Yanes Tatiane , Blencoe Marisa , Howard Antonia , Tiller Jane , Wallingford Courtney , Otlowski Margaret , Keogh Louise , Lacaze Paul , McInerney‐Leo Aideen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFear of insurance discrimination can inhibit genetic research participation. In 2019, an industry‐led partial moratorium on using genetic results in Australian life insurance underwriting was introduced. This mixed‐methods study used online surveys (n = 59 participants) and semi‐structured interviews (n = 22 participants) to capture researchers’ perceptions about the moratorium. 66% (n = 39/59) were aware of the moratorium before the survey. Of researchers returning genetic results, 56% (n = 22/39) reported that insurance implications were mentioned in consent forms, but a minority reported updating consent forms post‐moratorium (n = 13/39, 33%). Most researchers reported that concerns regarding life insurers utilizing research results inhibited recruitment (35/59, 59%), and few perceived that the moratorium positively influenced participation (n = 9/39, 23%). These findings were supported by qualitative findings which revealed that genetic discrimination concerns were a major issue for some individuals, though these concerns could be eclipsed by the promise of a diagnosis through research participation. The majority thought a regulatory solution should be permanent (n = 34/51, 67%), have financial limits of at least ≥1,000,000 AUD (37/51, 73%), and involve government oversight/legislation (n = 44/51, 86%). In an era where an increasing number of research studies involve genomics as a primary or secondary objective, it is crucial that we have regulatory solutions to address participants’ hesitation.
Stubby versus stabby: A preliminary analysis of canine microwear in primates: Implication for inferring ingestive behaviors
Authors: Pujiantari Putu , Delezene Lucas K. , Michael Plavcan J. , Teaford Mark F. , Ungar Peter S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMolar and incisor microwear reflect aspects of food choice and ingestive behaviors in living primates and have both been used to infer the same for fossil samples. Canine microwear, however, has received less attention, perhaps because of the prominent role canines play in social display and because they are used as weapons–while outside of a few specialized cases, their involvement in diet related behaviors has not been obvious. Here, we posit that microwear can also provide glimpses into canine tooth use in ingestion. Canines of Sumatran long‐tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), agile gibbons (Hylobates agilis), lar gibbons (Hylobates lar), Thomas' leaf monkeys (Presbytis thomasi), and orangutans (Pongo abelii), and two African great apes, bonobos (Pan paniscus) and common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii), were considered. The labial tips of maxillary canine replicas were scanned using a white‐light confocal profiler, and both feature and texture analyses were used to characterize microwear surface patterning. The taxa exhibited significant differences in canine microwear. In some cases, these were consistent with variation in reported anterior tooth use such that, for example, the orangutans, known to use their front teeth extensively in ingestion, had the highest median number of microwear features on their canines, whereas the gibbons, reported to use their front teeth infrequently in food acquisition, had the lowest.
The Construction of Anion‐Induced Solvation Structures in Low‐concentration Electrolyte for Stable Zinc Anodes
Authors: Yang Min , Zhu Jiacai , Bi Songshan , Wang Rui , Wang Huimin , Yue Fang , Niu Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising large‐scale energy storage devices because of their low cost and high safety. However, owing to the high activity of H2O molecules in electrolytes, hydrogen evolution reaction and side reactions usually take place on Zn anodes. Herein, additive‐free PCA−Zn electrolyte with capacity of suppressing the activity of free and solvated H2O molecules was designed by selecting the cationophilic and solventophilic anions. In such electrolyte, contact ion‐pairs and solvent‐shared ion‐pairs were achieved even at low concentration, where PCA− anions coordinate with Zn2+ and bond with solvated H2O molecules. Simultaneously, PCA− anions also induce the construction of H‐bonds between free H2O molecules and them. Therefore, the activity of free and solvated H2O molecules is effectively restrained. Furthermore, since PCA− anions possess a strong affinity with metal Zn, they can also adsorb on Zn anode surface to protect Zn anode from the direct contact of H2O molecules, inhibiting the occurrence of water‐triggered side reactions. As a result, plating/stripping behavior of Zn anodes is highly reversible and the coulombic efficiency can reach to 99.43 % in PCA−Zn electrolyte. To illustrate the feasibility of PCA−Zn electrolyte, the Zn||PANI full batteries were assembled based on PCA−Zn electrolyte and exhibited enhanced cycling performance.
Custom‐Design of Strong Electron/Proton Extractor on COFs for Efficient Photocatalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Li Liyao , Lv Ximeng , Xue Yuanyuan , Shao Huibo , Zheng Gengfeng , Han Qing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of photocatalysts with continuous electron extraction and rapid proton transfer could kinetically accelerate the artificial photosynthesis, but remains a challenge. Herein, we report the topology‐guided synthesis of a high‐crystalline triazine covalent organic framework (COF) decorated by uniformly distributed polar oxygen functional groups (sulfonic group or carboxyl) as the strong electron/proton extractor for efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production. It was found that the polarity‐based proton transfer as well as electron enrichment in as‐obtained COFs played a crucial role in improving the H2O2 photosynthesis efficiency (i.e., with an activity order of sulfonic acid‐ (SO3H‐COF)>carboxyl‐ (COOH‐COF)>hydrogen‐ (H‐COF) functionalized COFs). The strong polar sulfonic acid group in the high‐crystalline SO3H‐COF triggered a well‐oriented built‐in electric field and more hydrophilic surface, which serves as an efficient carrier extractor enabling a continuous transportation of the photogenerated electrons and interfacial proton to the active sites (i.e., C atoms linked to −SO3H group). As‐accelerated proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET), together with the stabilized O2 adsorption finally leads to the highest H2O2 production rate of 4971 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation. Meanwhile, a quantum yield of 15 % at 400 nm is obtained, superior to most reported COF‐based photocatalysts.
Optimizing fabrication and performance of liquid‐processed carbon nanotube photodetectors on various substrates
Authors: Lionas Vasileios , Velessiotis Dimitrios , Pilatos George , Giannakopoulos Konstantinos , Kyriakis Aristotelis , Glezos Nikolaos , Skarlatos Dimitrios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted interest for optoelectronic applications due to their unique electronic and optoelectronic properties. In particular, multiwall (MW) CNTs film acts as perfect photo‐collector surface with the possibility to tune the absorbance by controlling the film thickness. In this work, we demonstrate two types of hybrid Si‐MWCNTs photodetectors. The MWCNTs are solution‐processed and deposited on n‐silicon substrate covered by two different dielectrics (Si3N4or SiO2). The MWCNTs/SiO2/n‐Si device is used here as reference, since the SiO2/Si system is the most widely investigated structure in microelectronics. The electrical and optical characteristics of the reference device are compared with the corresponding of our basic MWCNTs/Si3N4/n‐Si device. The MWCNTs are deposited on the substrate with the drop casting technique. Optical performance of the SiO2device is comparable to the Si3N4device thus revealing a quite interesting response under UV illumination. The Si3N4device exhibited a peak equivalent quantum efficiency (EQE) of 57% at 3 μW of source illumination power, thus demonstrating a superior performance as compared to the SiO2device (EQE of up to 55%, which is also promising for future applications). This performance can be attributed to the great absorption in UV region of CNTs layer. Apart from this technological goal, we also investigated how MWCNTs/Si3N4or MWCNTs/SiO2heterojunctions perform using standard electrical characterization techniques and how the presence of the CNTs change the dielectric characteristics of both substrates.
Windows into spatial cognition: Mechanisms by which gesture‐based instruction improve anatomy learning
Authors: George Asish , Yohannan Doris George 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe ability to create efficient “mental models” or representations of anatomical structures is crucial for achieving competence in most areas of anatomy. Gesture‐based teaching has been recognized to lighten cognitive loads and allow superior mental model creation compared to non‐gestural teaching practices. This commentary explores the cognitive basis and possible mechanisms behind this advantage such as (1) reducing visual working memory load, (2) allowing parallel and sequential development of internal representations, and (3) facilitating preferential feature extraction and improved organization of spatial information. We also highlight how information transfer limitations of the gestural medium, interestingly, unveil features and organizational motifs preserved in the “expert's” mental schemas concerning particular anatomical structures. The universal and innate use of gestures in communication, their visual nature, and the ability to break down complex spatial information through sequential steps, all add to the immense potential of this subtle yet powerful tool of hand gestures. As pedagogical practices in the anatomical sciences continue to evolve largely towards technology‐enhanced teaching utilizing perceptually richer media, the unique advantages of gesture‐based teaching need to be reemphasized.
Carbon‐Sulfur Bond Cleavage in Methanesulfonate on Diorganotin Quinaldate Platform – Synthesis and Characterization of [(n‐Bu2SnL)2SO4]
Authors: Chauhan Priyanka , Chauhan Aishwarya , Shankar Ravi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of mixed ligand di‐n‐butyltin complexes, [(n‐Bu2SnL1−3)2SO4], 2–4 (HL1−3=2‐quinoline/ 1‐isoquinoline/ 4‐methoxy‐2‐quinoline carboxylic acid) has been realized by reacting n‐Bu2Sn(OMe)OSO2Me, 1 a with the corresponding quinaldic acid under solvothermal conditions. The observed transformation of methane sulfonate to sulfate anion represents a rare example of C−S bond cleavage on the organotin scaffolds, n‐Bu2Sn(L1−3)OSO2Me, which have been identified as en route intermediates by NMR and X‐ray crystallography. Analogous reaction when extended with Me2Sn(OMe)OSO2Me, 1 b and HL2 yields [(Me2Sn)2(L2)3(OSO2Me)], 5 as partially disproportionated product of Me2Sn(L2)OSO2Me. The solid‐state structures of 2–5 reveal variable modes of coordination of the ligands to afford molecular and polymeric motifs.
Exponential synchronization of nonlinear dynamical systems via an aperiodic hybrid control with actuator saturation and impulse time windows
Authors: Wu Hongjuan , Li Chuandong , He Zhilong , Chang Fei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractConsidering impulse time windows and the actuator saturation, we put forward a novel aperiodic hybrid control scheme to achieve the exponential synchronization of two nonlinear dynamical systems (NDSs). Different from the existing research, the actuator saturation of two types of control signals and impulse time windows are both considered in the exponential synchronization analysis. Some sufficient conditions are found with designing the hybrid controller, and the attraction domain (AD) of the error system is also estimated. On the other hand, the conditions which can ensure the exponential synchronization between two NDSs with this hybrid control without saturation limit are also given. Finally, experimental results for the synchronization of three dimensional Hopfield‐type neural networks and the image reproduction based on the synchronization of neural networks demonstrate the feasibility of our theoretical results.
Orbit of the visual binary star 61 Cyg
Authors: Izmailov I. S. , Apetyan A. A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe present the orbit and the mass estimates for the components of the visual binary star 61 Cyg obtained with the positional observations, including the high‐precision Gaia data, and the measurements of differences in the radial velocities and the radial accelerations of the components. Since the orbital period of this star significantly exceeds the period of observations, using the radial velocities and the radial accelerations allows us to reduce uncertainty in the determination of the orbital elements and the total mass of the system.
Einfach Bauen – spart eine Wohnraumlüftungsanlage Kosten und Energie?
Authors: Jarmer Tilmann 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn Bad Aibling wurden 2020 drei Wohngebäude als Forschungshäuser aus Mauerwerk, Holz bzw. Beton errichtet. Dabei wurde die Komplexität durch einfache Konstruktion und reduzierte Gebäudetechnik verringert. Auf eine Lüftungsanlage wurde verzichtet. In den innenliegenden Bädern wurde eine präsenzgeführte Abluft eingebaut. In der Untersuchung wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob es besser gewesen wäre, eine Wohnraumlüftungsanlage in den Forschungshäusern zu installieren. Vier Varianten werden miteinander verglichen: Szenario A: Fensterlüftung und Badabluft präsenzgeführt (wie gebaut); Szenario B: Fensterlüftung und Badabluft präsenzgeführt mit Grundlüftung; Szenario C: Dezentrale Einzelraumlüfter mit Wärmerückgewinnung; Szenario D: Zentrale Wohnraumbelüftung mit Wärmerückgewinnung. Es wurden Umweltwirkung und die Kosten der jeweiligen Lüftungssysteme verursacht durch Technikeinsatz, Wartung und Betriebsenergie über den Lebenszyklus betrachtet. Szenario A (wie gebaut) schneidet in den untersuchten Dimensionen Kosten, nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie und Treibhauspotenzial jeweils am besten ab. Vor allem die Varianten C und D müssten eine hohe Einsparung beim Wärmebedarf realisieren, um die negativen Umweltwirkungen durch die Wohnraumlüftungsanlagen auszugleichen. Bei Vergleichsmessungen in der Praxis konnten keine entsprechenden Einsparungseffekte ermittelt werden. Eine maschinelle Wohnraumlüftung ist nicht geeignet, um die Umweltwirkung oder die Lebenszykluskosten des Projekts zu verbessern.
Ökobilanzierung im Bauwesen
Authors: Hauke Bernhard , Hein Helen Luisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSeit mindestens 15 Jahren gibt es in Deutschland praktische Erfahrungen mit der Ökobilanzierung im Bauwesen, zuerst im Kontext von Nachhaltigkeitszertifizierungen, inzwischen zunehmend auch als Wettbewerbs‐ und Fördergrundlage. Nur was messbar ist, kann auch gemanagt werden: Mit der Ökobilanzierung werden die im Lebenszyklus auftretenden Energie‐ und Stoffströme sowie unerwünschte Wirkungen auf die Umwelt erfasst. Ziele sind u. a. die Schonung primärer Rohstoffe sowie der Schutz des Ökosystems und des Klimas. Aktuell nimmt das Interesse an der Ökobilanzierung zu. Im Fokus steht dabei insbesondere das Treibhauspotenzial. So ist eine Ökobilanz Grundlage für den Nachweis der Begrenzung der nicht erneuerbaren Primärenergie und des Treibhauspotenzials für das Qualitätssiegel Nachhaltiges Gebäude (QNG) als Fördervoraussetzung. Die Einführung von Grenzwerten ins Ordnungsrecht wird diskutiert.
Beyond the door frame: The role of educational policies and guidelines in (un)welcoming Black refugee students
Authors: Heringer Rebeca 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough present in large numbers, Black refugee students do not necessarily feel welcome in Canadian public schools. In fact, research has long demonstrated that they face all sorts of oppressions from peers and educators, despite the abundance of seemingly welcoming discourses in educational policies and guidelines. Through a critical analysis of six curriculum documents published by the Government of Manitoba, and in light of the tenets of the ethic of hospitality and critical race theory, in this paper I discuss the role played by educational policies and guidelines in (un)welcoming Black refugee students. In the pursuit of ‘hospitable education’, I explore the strengths and weaknesses found in those documents while observing areas for improvement—with major roadblocks being linked to the pervasiveness of (White) assumptions and expectations as well as a lack of critical self‐reflexivity.
The functional roles of S‐adenosyl‐methionine and S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine and their involvement in trisomy 21
Authors: Caracausi Maria , Ramacieri Giuseppe , Catapano Francesca , Cicilloni Michela , Lajin Bassam , Pelleri Maria Chiara , Piovesan Allison , Vitale Lorenza , Locatelli Chiara , Pirazzoli Gian Luca , Strippoli Pierluigi , Antonaros Francesca , Vione Beatrice 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe one‐carbon metabolism pathway is involved in critical human cellular functions such as cell proliferation, mitochondrial respiration, and epigenetic regulation. In the homocysteine‐methionine cycle S‐adenosyl‐methionine (SAM) and S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine (SAH) are synthetized, and their levels are finely regulated to ensure proper functioning of key enzymes which control cellular growth and differentiation. Here we review the main biological mechanisms involving SAM and SAH and the known related human diseases. It was recently demonstrated that SAM and SAH levels are altered in plasma of subjects with trisomy 21 (T21) but how this metabolic dysregulation influences the clinical manifestation of T21 phenotype has not been previously described. This review aims at providing an overview of the biological mechanisms which are altered in response to changes in the levels of SAM and SAH observed in DS.