bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early catheter removal 3 days after radical retropubic prostatectomy
Authors: NOGUCHI MASANORI , SHIMADA AKIHIKO , YAHARA JYUNRO , SUEKANE SHIGETAKA , NODA SHINSHI 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAim: We investigated the feasibility and safety of the early removal of urethral catheters 3 days after radical retropubic prostatectomy.Methods: Seventy consecutive patients underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy with the intent of early catheter removal on postoperative day (POD) 3. Catheter removal was based on postoperative cystograms performed on POD 2. Patients were analyzed using a validated prostate cancer specific questionnaire (University of California, Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Symptom Index) to determine quality of life outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis was also used to evaluate if any of the preoperative or intraoperative parameters were able to predict the success of early catheter removal after radical retropubic prostatectomy.Results: The catheter was removed on POD 3 in 67 of 70 patients (97%) excluding three patients with moderate or severe extravasation on postoperative cystograms. Of the 67 patients, 53 (76%) were successful in early catheter removal, but the remaining 14 (24%) patients experienced urinary retention within 48 h and were treated with simple catheter replacement for 1 or 2 days. Two patients developed anastomotic strictures 3 and 4 months postoperatively, which were managed by dilation alone. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that no leak during an intraoperative leak test was the only independent predictor of success for early catheter removal (P = 0.0069; odds ratio, 6.667; 95% confidence interval, 1.682–26.428).Conclusion: The present study revealed that early catheter removal 3 days after radical retropubic prostatectomy is feasible in patients who show a negative intraoperative leak test. Postoperative monitoring of more patients is needed to determine if the early catheter removal is widely applicable.
Spontaneous rupture of adrenal pheochromocytoma with capsular invasion
Authors: ORIKASA KAZUHIKO , NAMIMA TAKASHIGE , OHNUMA TETSUTARO , MUNAKATA MASANORI , KIMURA NORIKO , ARAI YOICHI 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA 67‐year‐old Japanese man developed a sudden onset of severe right‐side upper abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. On hospitalization, physical examination revealed sweating, tachycardia, hypertension and the appearance of peripheral vasoconstriction. An urgent computed tomography scan with contrast demonstrated a large hematoma in the right retroperitoneal space. A phentolamine test and an 131iodine metaiodobenzylguanidine scan suggested pheochromocytoma. An elective right adrenalectomy was successfully performed after pretreatment for sufficient volume replacement with continuous administration of α‐ and β‐adrenergic blocking agents. Pathological diagnosis was an adrenal pheochromocytoma 9.0 × 6.5 cm in diameter with evidence of capsular invasion, which could be associated with a tear in the capsule.
Global analysis of gene expression profiles in ileum in a rat bladder augmentation model using cDNA microarrays
Authors: MIYAKE HIDEAKI , HARA SHOJI , ETO HIROSHI , KAMIDONO SADAO , HARA ISAO 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground: The objective of the present study was to globally characterize the changes in the gene expression profile in the ileum after long‐term urine exposure in a rat ileal augmented bladder model using cDNA microarrays.Methods: Bladder augmentation using the ileum was performed in female 8‐week‐old rats. The ileal epithelia used for bladder augmentation were harvested 1 and 3 months postoperatively and changes in the gene expression in these tissues were compared with that of intact ileal epithelia from sham‐operated rats using cDNA microarrays consisting of 1176 rat genes.Results: Marked changes in gene expression in the ileum used for bladder augmentation were observed for 30 genes (16 up‐regulated and 14 down‐regulated genes). The differentially expressed genes include those associated with signal transduction, cell adhesion and stress response. Subsequent evaluation of changes in two randomly selected genes from the 30 differentially expressed genes by semiquantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction demonstrated the reliability of the present cDNA microarray analyses.Conclusion: The present experiments identified an extensive list of genes differentially expressed in the ileum after bladder augmentation, providing valuable information for the pathophysiological assessment of patients who undergo urinary reconstruction and representing a source of novel targets for treating complications after urinary diversion.
Interstitial laser coagulation for management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Long‐term follow‐up
Authors: TERADA NAOKI , ARAI YOICHI , OKUBO KAZUTOSHI , ICHIOKA KENTARO , MATSUI YOSHIYUKI , YOSHIMURA KOJI , TERAI AKITO 
Published: October 2004

AbstractAim: We evaluated the long‐term results of transurethral interstitial laser coagulation in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with up to 9 years of follow up at the Kurashiki Central Hospital and determined the patient characteristics that predict a favorable outcome.Methods: From December 1993 to May 1997, a total of 82 patients were enrolled in the present study. Subjective and objective voiding parameters were collected from medical records and a self‐administered questionnaire was sent to the patients. Kaplan‐Meier plots were constructed to assess the risk of retreatment.Results: The mean follow‐up period was 48.4 months (range, 3–108 months). A total of 59 patients (72%) did not need any additional treatment at 12 months and 30 patients (37%) did not require additional treatment during the entire follow‐up period. A total of 29 patients (35%) were retreated during follow‐up. Transurethral prostate resection (TURP) was performed in 18 patients (22%). The remaining 11 patients (13%) were offered additional pharmacotherapy. The minimum and median retreatment‐free durations were 3 and 14 months, respectively. Seven patients died and 17 were lost to follow‐up. Men aged 71 years or older had greater likelihood of requiring retreatment than those younger than 71 years (P = 0.0397). No significant differences were noted in the other baseline characteristics. Among postoperative parameters, a rate of decrease of the International Prostate Symptom Score of the patient of lower than 60% and a rate of decrease in patient quality of life of lower than 50% at 3 months were associated with greater likelihood of retreatment (P = 0.0083 and P = 0.0006, respectively).Conclusions: Interstitial laser coagulation is effective for the treatment of BPH. Good long‐term results and an acceptably low retreatment rate render this modality an effective alternative to TURP, especially for younger patients. Short‐term improvement of subjective symptoms was predictive of favorable long‐term outcome.
Biochemical modulation of 5‐fluorouracil with interferon α/β and γ on murine renal cell carcinoma
Authors: ISHII TAKETSUGU , MARUMO KEN 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground: Conventional therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using interferon (IFN) has shown limited antitumor action. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the synergistic antitumor effects of IFN and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and to elucidate the mechanism underlying antitumor effects.Methods: The antitumor effects and biochemical modulation of murine IFN and 5‐FU were determined using murine renal cell carcinoma (RENCA). The activity of thymidylate synthase, thymidine kinase and the concentration of 5‐FU incorporated into RNA was measured using cytosolic extracts of tumors.Results: Triple combination therapy (5‐FU, IFN α/β and IFN γ) showed a synergistic antitumor effect on RENCA tumors, because triple combination therapy suppressed growth significantly compared to combination therapy (IFN α/β and IFN γ, P = 0.0258) and 5‐FU (P < 0.0001). Total thymidylate synthase was decreased by triple combination therapy (5‐FU, IFN α/β and IFN γ, P = 0.0019) and combination therapy (5‐FU and IFN γ, P = 0.0018) compared to 5‐FU alone. Thymidine kinase activity was decreased by triple combination therapy (5‐FU, IFN α/β and IFN γ, P < 0.0001) and combination therapy (5‐FU and IFN α/β, P < 0.0001) compared to 5‐FU alone. The concentration of 5‐FU incorporated into RENCA tumors was increased by triple combination therapy (P = 0.0132) and combination therapy (5‐FU and IFN α/β, P = 0.0124) compared to 5‐FU alone.Conclusions: Interferons α/β and γ showed different biochemical modulation for 5‐FU. Therefore, combination therapy using 5‐FU and IFN showed synergistic antitumor effects on murine RCC.
Susceptibility of strawberry cultivars to the vine weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Cowles Richard S. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract  1 The feeding preference of vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fabricius), adults for foliage from 21 commercial cultivars of strawberries is investigated using binary choice tests with leaf disks, using ‘Honeoye’ as a standard against which all other cultivars are compared. ‘Delmarvel’, ‘Idea’, ‘Lester’, ‘Primetime’ and ‘Seneca’ are not preferred.2 Variation in leaf nitrogen content is correlated with feeding preference, but does not explain all the variation, because outliers exist for both preferred and nonpreferred cultivars.3 Removal of leaf hairs with adhesive tape permits their role in deterrence to be evaluated. Eight of the 21 cultivars have deterrent leaf hairs. Paradoxically, some highly preferred cultivars (e.g. ‘Latestar’ and ‘Tristar’) have deterrent leaf hairs, and four of the five nonpreferred cultivars lack significantly deterrent leaf hairs.4 The 21 tested cultivars do not differ in their suitability for vine weevil larval development.5 Differences in cultivar susceptibility to vine weevil in the field may involve interactions between the palatability and nutritional value of foliage, which influence fecundity and egg placement, and the tolerance of strawberry plants to larval feeding, determined by root biomass. The nonpreference traits found in the foliage of commercial cultivars of strawberry are present by chance. Accordingly, further selective breeding to enhance strawberry varietal tolerance to vine weevils may be possible.
Complex patterns from simple decisions: the emergence of behaviours in Otiorhynchus sulcatus F.
Authors: Blackshaw R. P. , Goodwin T. 
Published: October 2004

Abstract  1 Filming the movement of individual adult Otiorhynchus sulcatus in a stimulus‐free arena allows the frequency distribution of turning angles to be obtained. Turns are predominantly anti‐clockwise and the distribution is dominated by three preferred angles (approximately 50, 130 and 190°).2 The implications of these results are explored through deterministic and stochastic random walk models of fixed step‐length. Use of each of these turning angles results in different trajectories, potentially representing different search patterns.3 The introduction of stochastic variation in the turning angles alters the trajectories and, for the 50° turning angle, results in an approximation to published descriptions of spiral and circular search patterns for other insects.4 This single parameter random walk model is compared with previously published models and it is postulated that, for O. sulcatus, the selection of a turning angle is sufficient to provide a rich repertoire of spatial trajectories.
Suitability ofEucalyptusandCorymbiaforMnesampela privata(Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) larvae
Authors: Steinbauer Martin J. , Matsuki Mamoru 
Published: October 2004

Abstract 1 Mnesampela privata(Guenée) has a host list of 40Eucalyptusand at least oneCorymbiaspecies. Larval survival and performance was studied on 19 species to investigate how certain leaf traits influence the suitability of different species.2 After 7 days, survival onEucalyptus aggregataandEucalyptus camphorais greater than 70% even though the toughness of leaves is 0.15–0.19 mg/mm2. However, after the same time, survival on genotypes ofEucalyptus melliodoraandEucalyptus sideroxylonwas less than 60%, or even 0%, even though the toughness of some leaves was as low as 0.11 mg/mm2. An unmeasured allelochemical, rather than toughness, may reduce survival on these species.3 Dry weights of first‐instar larvae were negatively correlated with leaf toughness for 13 of the species studied. Species that produced the heaviest first‐instar larvae were not the same hosts that produced the heaviest second‐instar larvae.4 Dry weights of female pupae were negatively correlated with total oil content for five of the species studied.5 Larvae exhibit age‐related changes in feeding behaviour. Neonates skeletonize leaves (avoid leaf veins and oil glands) and post‐third‐instar larvae ingest whole leaf fragments (consume small leaf veins and oil glands). These findings suggest that neonates are sensitive to high leaf toughness and non‐oil plant secondary metabolites whereas older larvae are less sensitive to high leaf toughness and are likely to become larger adults on hosts with lower oil contents.
B‐cell conjunctival lymphoma in a cat
Authors: Radi Zaher A. , Miller Debra L. , Hines Murray E. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA bilateral conjunctival neoplasm was surgically removed from a 13‐year‐old Domestic Short‐haired female cat and examined by histopathology. The neoplasm was infiltrative, nonencapsulated and composed of large sheets of densely packed, round to polygonal cells. Neoplastic cells were variably sized with scant to modest amounts of cytoplasm and oval to round nuclei. On immunohistochemistry the neoplastic cells stained positively for BLA.36 and negative for CD‐3 antibodies. On the basis of histopathology and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of conjunctival B‐cell lymphoma was made. This is the first case with immunohistochemical characterization of conjunctival lymphoma in a cat.
Effect of orally administered hydrocortisone on intraocular pressure in nonglaucomatous dogs
Authors: Herring Ian P. , Herring Erin S. , Ward Daniel L. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjective  To determine the effect of oral hydrocortisone on intraocular pressure (IOP) in ocular normotensive dogs.Animals studied  Seventeen ocular normotensive dogs.Procedures  Dogs were randomly assigned to treatment (n = 9) and control (n = 8) groups. Dogs in the treatment group received hydrocortisone, 3.3 mg/kg PO every 8 h, and dogs in the control group received gelatin capsule placebo PO every 8 h for 5 weeks. Applanation tonometry was performed on both eyes of all dogs prior to treatment and then once weekly for 5 weeks during hydrocortisone treatment.Results  No significant effect of treatment was noted for right (P = 0.1013) or left (P = 0.1157) eyes during the treatment period, nor was there significant interaction of treatment by week for the right (P = 0.9456) or left (P = 0.3577) eyes. A significant rise in IOP over the treatment period was noted in both right (P < 0.0001) and left (P = 0.0006) eyes of both groups, but was unrelated to treatment.Conclusion  Orally administered hydrocortisone does not significantly increase IOP in nonglaucomatous dogs when administered over a 5‐week period.
Pigmented squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva of a horse
Authors: McCowan Christina , Stanley Robin G. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA heavily pigmented tumor was removed from the lateral, perilimbal, bulbar conjunctiva of a bay Thoroughbred horse. Excision was incomplete and the base of the tumor was lasered on the assumption that the tumor was a melanoma. No other ophthalmic lesions were seen. Histology showed the mass to be a pigmented squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The prognosis and recommended treatment protocols are different for SCC and melanoma. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of an ocular, pigmented SCC in the veterinary literature.
Serological speciation of human schistosome infections by ELISA with a panel of three antigens
Authors: Turner P , Lalloo K , Bligh J , Armstrong M , Whitty C J M , Doenhoff M J , Chiodini P L 
Published: October 2004

Aims:To find out whether serology can reliably speciate human schistosomiasis using a simple enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.Methods:Stored sera from 66 patients with microscopically confirmed schistosomiasis were subjected to ELISA using a panel of three antigens, namely: unfractionatedSchistosoma mansonisoluble egg antigen (SEA); CEF6, a cationic fraction of SEA; and crudeS margrebowieiegg antigen, prepared from an animal schistosome closely related toS haematobium.Results:The optical densities (ODs) obtained using CEF6 as antigen were significantly higher in sera fromS mansoniinfected patients than in sera fromS haematobiuminfected patients (median OD, 0.810v0.595). UsingS margrebowieiegg antigen, the optical densities were significantly higher inS haematobiumsera than inS mansonisera (median OD, 0.794v0.544). There was no significant difference in optical densities betweenS mansoniandS haematobiumsera using SEA (median OD, 0.725v0.737). The ratio of ODs (CEF6 toS margrebowieiegg antigen) was calculated: a ratio of >1 indicatedS mansoniinfection (sensitivity, 88%) and a ratio of <1 indicatedS haematobiuminfection (sensitivity, 84%). The odds ratio forS haematobiumhaving an OD ratio of <1 was 36.8 (95% confidence interval, 7.0 to 194).Conclusions:The identity of the infecting species of schistosome can be determined using the panel of antigens described. SEA should be used to screen serum samples, and the CEF6 :S margrebowieiegg antigen ELISA optical density ratio can be used where serological speciation is required.
Deficient α smooth muscle actin expression as a cause of intestinal pseudo-obstruction: fact or fiction?
Authors: Gamba E , Carr N J , Bateman A C 
Published: October 2004

Aims:To test the hypothesis that deficient α smooth muscle actin (ASMA) expression in intestinal smooth muscle, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, is specifically associated with clinical evidence of intestinal pseudo-obstruction.Methods:Seventeen archival, formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded samples of small intestine and 12 samples of large intestine were studied. Two of the small bowel samples and one large bowel sample were from patients with symptoms of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The controls were longitudinal surgical margins from hemicolectomies performed for carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed using primary antibodies to ASMA, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), and desmin. The relative intensities of immunohistochemical expression in the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the muscularis propria were assessed in each sample, for all three markers.Results:All samples showed strong SMMHC and desmin expression in the inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of the muscularis propria. Both small intestinal samples from the cases and 11 of 15 controls showed no or minimal ASMA expression in the inner circular layer, with the remaining four controls also showing ASMA labelling in this layer that was weaker than within the longitudinal muscle. In contrast, intense ASMA expression was seen in both muscle layers within the large intestine in the remaining case, and in the controls.Conclusions:There is insufficient evidence from this study to support the hypothesis that ASMA deficiency in intestinal smooth muscle, as determined by immunohistochemistry on archival tissues, is specifically associated with intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
Tenascin C expression is upregulated in pancreatic cancer and correlates with differentiation
Authors: Juuti A , Nordling S , Louhimo J , Lundin J , Haglund C 
Published: October 2004

Background:Tenascin C is a large, hexameric, extracellular matrix protein that is present during embryonic development but essentially absent in adult tissues. It is involved in remodelling processes, such as wound healing and tumour development. Tissue expression of tenascin C correlates with prognosis in colorectal, cervical, and breast cancer and in carcinoma of the papilla of Vater.Aim:To study the expression of tenascin C in pancreatic cancer and to compare the staining results with the patients’ clinicopathological data.Material and methods:Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded specimens from 146 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were stained with an anti-tenascin C monoclonal antibody.Results:Tenascin C immunoreactivity was seen in most samples of pancreatic carcinoma: staining was weak in 72 (49%), moderate in 52 (36%), strong in 10 (7%), and negative in 12 (8%) samples. Tenascin C expression correlated with age (⩽ 66v> 66 years) and poor differentiation (grades 1–2v3). There was no correlation between tenascin C expression and survival, clinical stage, tumour size, nodal status, distant metastasis, tumour location, or sex.Conclusion:Tenascin C expression was increased in most pancreatic carcinomas, but contrary to the results in other cancers, it is not a prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.
Recurrent chromosomal imbalances and structurally abnormal breakpoints within complex karyotypes of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour and malignant triton tumour: a cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic study
Authors: Bridge R S , Bridge J A , Neff J R , Naumann S , Althof P , Bruch L A 
Published: October 2004

Background:Cytogenetic studies of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) and malignant triton tumours (MTTs) are rare.Aims:To undertake cytogenetic analysis of these tumours.Methods:Conventional cytogenetic analysis of 21 MPNSTs and MTTs from 17 patients (nine with peripheral neurofibromatosis (NF1)) was carried out using standard culture and harvesting procedures. For a more precise identification of composite structural rearrangements and marker chromosomes, spectral karyotypic analysis (SKY) was applied to a subset of cases. In addition, EGFR gene copy number was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis in a subset of cases.Results:Cytogenetic analysis revealed predominantly complex karyotypes. SKY analysis was useful in further defining many structural anomalies. Structural aberrations most frequently involved chromosomal bands or regions 1p31–36, 4q28–35, 7p22, 11q22–23, 19q13, 20q13, and 22q11–13. Overall, loss of chromosomal material was much more common than gain. Loss of chromosomes or chromosomal regions 1p36 (48%), 3p21–pter (52%), 9p23–pter (57%), 10 (48%), 11q23–qter (48%), 16/16q24 (62%), 17(43%), and 22/22q (48%), and gains of 7/7q (29%) and 8/8q (29%) were most prominent. These gains and losses were distributed equally between MPNST and MTT, demonstrating that these entities are similar with respect to recurrent genomic imbalances. Similarly, none of the recurrent chromosomal breakpoints or imbalances was restricted to either NF1 associated or sporadic MPNSTs. FISH analysis was negative for amplification.Conclusions:These cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic findings expand the knowledge of chromosomal alterations in MPNST and MTT, and point to possible recurring regions of interest.