bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FROM COMFORT TO PROFITABILITY: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARE QUALITY AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN US HOSPICES
Authors: Davlyatov Ganisher , He Mengying , Padakandla Deepthi , Weech-Maldonado Robert 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Hospice care is a critical aspect of end-of-life care in the United States, providing comfort and support to individuals with life-limiting illnesses. Quality of care is a key concern for hospice facilities, as it can impact both patient outcomes and financial sustainability. Poor quality of care can lead to negative patient experiences, increased hospitalizations, and even legal issues. It can also result in financial penalties or reduced reimbursement from payers. However, there is limited research on the relationship between quality of care and financial performance in hospice facilities. Employing a cross-sectional observational design, we examined the relationship between Hospice and Palliative Care Composite Process Measure (lagged by 1 year) and the total margin of hospice facilities across the United States. We used secondary data from Nursing Home Compare, Healthcare Cost Report Information System Dataset, and the American Community Survey for the period 2017-2021. We found a positive association between quality process measures and financial performance in hospice facilities after controlling for organizational and community factors that may influence financial performance, such as facility size and location. Specifically, a 10-unit increase in quality measure was associated with a 2% increase in total margin. The findings of this study have important implications for the management and financing of hospice facilities. Investments in quality improvement initiatives may lead to improved financial performance. Policymakers should consider these findings when designing payment systems for hospice care, and administrators of hospice facilities should prioritize quality improvement initiatives to ensure both high-quality care and financial viability.
THE EFFECT OF PATIENT-DRIVEN PAYMENT MODEL REIMBURSEMENT POLICY CHANGE ON NURSING HOMES
Authors: Orewa Gregory , Weech-Maldonado Robert , Davlyatov Ganisher , Feldman Sue , Becker David , Lord Justin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
To promote more value in skilled nursing facility spending in the US, CMS modified the way it pays for nursing homes (NH) services on October 1, 2019. The new Medicare reimbursement methodology, the Patient Driven Payment Model (PDPM), moves away from the traditional system focused on therapist minutes to a value-based focused on resident clinical characteristics. Using contingency theory, this study explores NH responses to PDPM by: 1) examining whether NH’s therapist and nursing staffing patterns are aligning with the policy incentives; and 2) whether the adjustments are resulting in improved financial performance. Seven different datasets were merged for 2017– 2021: Medicare cost reports, Payroll Based Journal, NH Compare, Area Health Resource File, HHS Provider Relief Fund, CDC NH COVID-19 public file, and CDC COVID-19 Data Tracker. The data was modelled using random-effects regression, and we tested for potential moderation effect of staffing on the relationship between PDPM and financial performance. Dependent variables were nursing and therapy staffing intensity, while the independent variable was PDPM for model 1. Dependent variable was operating margin, moderator variable was staffing intensity, and independent variable was PDPM for model 2. Organizational, community level, and COVID-19 related variables were used as controls. Results suggest that PDPM was associated with an increase in RN and LPN staffing intensity, but a decrease in Physical Therapist, Physical Therapist Assistant, and Occupational Therapist Assistant staffing intensity (p&lt; 0.05). PDPM had a positive impact on financial performance moderated by RN and PT staffing intensity (p&lt; 0.05). Policy and managerial implications are discussed.
DIMINISHED RETURNS OF PARENTAL EDUCATION ON COGNITION: EVIDENCE FROM THREE POPULATION STUDIES IN THE US
Authors: Reynolds Addam , Greenfield Emily 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that the protective effects of one’s own higher socioeconomic status (SES) on health is diminished among minoritized racial/ethnic groups in the United States (U.S.) with respect to outcomes such as mortality, hospitalization and mental health. Extending this area of research to childhood SES and later life outcomes, this study examines whether the protective effects of higher parental education on cognition is diminished among Black adults relative to their non-Hispanic White peers. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, the Midlife in the U.S. Study, and the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project, I examine whether associations between parental education and two measures of cognition (episodic memory and global cognition) are moderated by race (non-Hispanic White or Black) using a random-effects individual participant data meta-analysis approach. I find evidence for a small, but robust, protective effect of higher parental education on both episodic memory and global cognition among White adults. Among Black adults, there was no association between parental education and neither episodic memory nor global cognition. This study provides evidence that the protective effect of higher parental education on cognition is not the same across racialized populations, consistent with the theory of Minority Diminished Returns. As scholars continue calls for life course-oriented efforts to reduce racialized cognitive disparities, it is important to consider early-life risk and protective factors in the context of structural racism.
SENESCENCE NEW FRONTIERS - SENNET CONSORTIUM
Authors: Niedernhofer Laura , Montes Viviana Perez 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Senescence is a cell fate triggered by stress, activating signaling cascades that stably arrest the cell cycle, thereby preventing mutagenesis and cancer. Senescent cells are critical for wound healing and other physiological processes, during which they secrete a host of factors that remodel tissue and attract immune cells, which are responsible for removing the senescent cells. However, with age and immune dysfunction, senescent cells accumulate and are established to play a causal role in aging and most age-related diseases, largely through their secretome that drives chronic sterile inflammation. Senescent cells have proven tractable as drug targets, potentially affording novel geroscience approaches to treat a variety of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. To optimize this opportunity much more must be learned about senescent cells. This is a challenge as there are no specific biomarkers to detect or isolate senescent cells. Furthermore, senescent cells are anticipated to be highly heterogeneous based on cell lineage, the cause of senescence, their secretome, and tissue context. This challenge sparked the creation of the SenNet Consortium, an NIH Common Fund effort involving hundreds of scientists across the globe charged with creating a 4D atlas of senescent cells in 18 healthy human tissues across human lifespan, using mice and perturbations to inform the mapping. The speakers in this session will define the goals of SenNet, the scientific opportunities and challenges, the novel technologies applied, and the anticipated deliverables including large public datasets and innovative search and visualization tools.
SINGLE-CELL AND SPATIAL OMICS FOR MAPPING CELLULAR SENESCENCE IN HEALTH, AGING AND DISEASE
Authors: Fan Rong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
NIH SenNet consortium aims to dissect the heterogeneity of senescent cells (SnCs) and map their impact on the microenvironment at a single cell resolution and in the spatial tissue context, which requires the implementation of an array of omics technologies to comprehensively identify, characterize, and spatially profile SnCs across tissues in humans and mice. These technologies are broadly categorized into two groups –single cell omics and spatial mapping. To achieve single cell resolution and overcome the scarcity of SnCs, high-throughput single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomic techniques have become a mainstay tool for surveying tens of thousands of cells to identify transcriptional signatures in rare cell populations, enabling discovery of potential new SnC biomarkers. Novel single cell mass spectrometry methods are developed for unbiased discovery of proteomic signatures of SnCs. A hallmark of SnCs is the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which requires the use of proteomics, secretomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, especially SASP-associated extracellular vesicles, for comprehensive characterization of SAPS. High resolution molecular and cellular imaging of gene expression (e.g., MERFISH) or protein markers (e.g., CODEX) is critical for the study of SnCs in the large-scale tissue context. NGS-based spatial omics sequencing is poised to bridge the gap to realize both genome scale and cellular resolution in mapping SnCs in tissue. Novel technologies such as Seq-Scope and Pixel-Seq developed within SenNet further enabled subcellular resolution. SenNet investigators also developed spatially resolved epigenome and multi-omics sequencing techniques to link transcriptional or proteomic phenotype of SnCs to epigenetic mechanism. Further integration with high-resolution imaging makes spatial omics the crucial linchpin in connecting mechanistic underpinnings and molecular signatures with morphological features and spatial distribution. All these are critical for the construction of a map of SnCs and associated niches in the native tissue environment implicated in human health, aging, and disease, which is one of the main goals of the SenNet consortium.
BUILDING A HUMAN REFERENCE ATLAS
Authors: Bueckle Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Human Reference Atlas (HRA, https://humanatlas.io) is a comprehensive, high-resolution, three-dimensional atlas of all the cells in the healthy human body. The HRA provides standard terminologies and data structures for describing specimens, biological structures, and spatial positions linked to existing ontologies. In this talk, we will present a high-level overview of the major components of the HRA--including 67 anatomically correct 3D Reference Objects for 29 organs and 31 Anatomical Structure, Cell Types, and Biomarker (ASCT+B) Tables--and the tools to explore, use, author, and review the HRA--including the Registration User Interface, the Exploration User Interface, the ASCT+B Reporter, and the HRA Organ Gallery in virtual reality. We welcome experts and practitioners to join the monthly WG meetings (sign up at https://iu.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bpaBhIr8XfdiNRH), to explore and contribute to this effort, and to provide feedback on the evolving HRA from diverse perspectives.
LOCAL FAMILY AND FRIEND TIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SOCIAL SUPPORT AND STRAIN AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Choi Won 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Family members and friends who live nearby are likely valuable sources of support for older adults. At the same time, local family and friend ties may also be a source of strain as spatial proximity to close ties can generate more intense interactions. Using data from Round 3 (2015-2016) of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) (N=3,615), this study examines how local family and friend ties reported in older adults’ social network roster are associated with instrumental and emotional support and social strain among community-dwelling older adults aged 50 and older. Results from ordered logistic regression models show that having a local friend tie is associated with higher levels of instrumental and emotional support from friends and lower levels of instrumental and emotional support from family. Having a local family tie, on the other hand, is associated with higher levels of instrumental support from family and lower levels of emotional support from friends. Having a local family tie is not related to emotional support from family or instrumental support from friends. Results also indicate that having a local friend tie increases the odds of reporting that friends make too many demands (i.e., higher friend strain) whereas having a local family tie is not a predictor of family strain. Together, results suggest that spatial proximity to friends and, to a lesser degree, family members are linked to how older adults experience social support and strain.
RACIAL AND ETHNIC VARIATIONS IN THE EFFECTS OF KNOWING ABOUT ONE’S DIAGNOSTIC LABEL OF DEMENTIA ON SOCIAL SUPPORT
Authors: Amano Takashi , Halvorsen Cal , Kim Seoyoun , Reynolds Addam , Scher Clara , Jia Yuane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Theoretically, knowing about one’s diagnostic label of dementia may increase a chance to receive necessary social support. However, empirical evidence especially regarding the racial/ethnic variations in the effects of diagnostic labeling on provision of social support is lacking. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2000-2018) were utilized to examine variations in the effects of knowing about a diagnostic labeling. A total of 7,192 person-year observations who had dementia were included in the analysis. Knowledge about a diagnostic label of dementia was measured by asking whether a doctor told the person that he/she had dementia. Formal and informal types of received social support were measured. Regression analyses with inverse probability weighting were performed. A moderating role of race/ethnicity was examined by conducting subgroup analyses. Knowing about a diagnostic label significantly increased likelihood of having more informal (OR = 1.58, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI = [1.34, 1.86]) and formal support (b = 0.09, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI = [0.05, 0.13]). The significant effect of a diagnostic label on formal support was not observed among non-Hispanic Black (b = 0.07, p = 0.086, 95% CI = [-0.01, 0.15]) or Hispanic (b = 0.07, p = 0.152, 95% CI = [-0.03, 0.16]) individuals. Results suggest that knowing about a diagnostic label of ADRD may increase informal and formal social support. However, the beneficial impacts may not be salient for non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic individuals. Strategies to maximize the beneficial effects of diagnostic labeling should be identified to address racial/ethnic disparities.
A RESEARCHER–PRACTITIONER COLLABORATION ON MEASURING SUCCESS IN ELDER MISTREATMENT INTERVENTION
Authors: Burnes David , Kimball Patricia , Cox Polly , Harnish Kathryn , Ayoob Carol , Connolly M T , Rogers Geoff , Lewis Stuart 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
One of the major barriers to conducting elder mistreatment intervention research is a lack of understanding on how to measure outcomes of success. Within the context of the RISE project, this presentation will describe a highly collaborative process between researchers and RISE practitioners (supervisor and advocates) to develop a measurement instrument that meets validated research standards as well as the needs of practitioners who work directly on elder mistreatment cases and are responsible for administering the tool. Informed by ecological-systems, relational, and client-centered perspectives, RISE is a conceptually driven, evidence-based, community-based elder mistreatment response program that works with older adults at risk of or experiencing EM, as well as their alleged harmers, their relationship, and their surrounding social support systems. This presentation will describe the process of developing an appropriate measurement tool through weekly meetings over a 6-month period, from a starting point characterized by widely discrepant instrument expectations across the researcher-practitioner dyad toward an ending that achieved mutual agreement. This process required high levels of honesty, openness, patience, and humor among members. The final version of the measurement tool will be presented, which measures intervention outcome constructs of older adult social support, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, and perceived stress, as well as practitioner-client working alliance.
INFECTION CONTROL ADVOCATE AND RESIDENT EDUCATION (ICARE): PERSON-CENTERED INFECTION PREVENTION FOR QUALITY CARE
Authors: Cervantes Diana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Applying infection prevention and control (IPC) measures while ensuring person-centered care (PCC) remains a major challenge in nursing homes. PCC focuses on resident rights to engage and empower nursing community residents, families, advocates, and staff to deliver quality care. To address this gap, The Infection Control Advocate and Resident Education (ICARE) program was developed for nursing home residents and families. ICARE is a step-based program which begins with educating participants on IPC and resident rights through seven web-based modules. The program encourages support and collaboration of nursing home advocate organizations including the long-term care ombudsman program, quality care organizations, and public health departments to assist residents and families in becoming more engaged and empowered in quality care beginning with infection prevention and control. Utilizing ICARE program materials, participants progress to engagement by learning how quality care is provided in their nursing home community, with the goal of empowering residents to actively participate in quality care improvement through quality improvement projects. The ICARE Program assists nursing home advocate organizations to identify opportunities to incorporate elements of infection control, quality care, and resident rights in current procedures and activities. The overall program design and theory of the ICARE program will be presented to provide a foundation for the creation of similar programs.
EMOTIONAL CO-REGULATION IN YOUNGER AND OLDER COUPLES’ DAILY LIVES: THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AVAILABILITY
Authors: Meier Tabea , Huber Zilla , Martin Mike , Horn Andrea 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Close relationships represent an important context for aging. Romantic partners can provide important resources for day-to-day individual and relational functioning by regulating their emotions together. Emotional co-regulation attempts are, however, not always successful and may depend on situational factors such as psychological availability, i.e., an individual’s current ability to be open and attentive to their partner’s needs. The present study examined emotional co-regulation in the daily lives of younger (N=62; 18-33 years) and older (N=56; 57-87 years) couples, focusing on the particular role of psychological availability. In a 21-day experience-sampling study, both participating partners reported their momentary emotional experiences, perceived psychological availability, relationship quality and (co)-regulation strategies three times a day. Results from dyadic multilevel modeling revealed that older and younger participants did not differ in the strategies they used to regulate their own and their partners emotions, but older couples showed greater emotional synchrony (i.e., coordinated changes between partners’ emotional experiences) throughout the study. When partners experienced greater psychological availability, they used more adaptive (e.g., positive humor, responsive touch) and fewer maladaptive (e.g., ruminative brooding) emotion regulation strategies. They also experienced more positive emotions and greater relationship quality when they were more psychologically available, and these associations were particularly evident among younger couples. The findings suggest that older partners were more attuned to each other’s emotions, but that their co-regulation depended less on psychological availability. This potentially speaks to more automatic co-regulation among older couples and opens the door for further investigations of situational factors that impact successful co-regulation.
DYADIC HEALTH SCIENCE IN GERONTOLOGY: RECENT ADVANCES AND INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Martire Lynn , Lyons Karen , Proulx Christine 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Close others impact health in profound ways, and many of the critical pathways can only be understood by examining the dynamics that emerge between two people. This symposium will present new theoretical and methodological advances in dyadic health science, and invite discussion of differing perspectives on the scope of dyadic research. Dr. Wilson will overview the essential components of rigorous dyadic health research and explain the range of approaches used to define dyadic research, setting the stage for the cutting-edge work described in the subsequent presentations. Drs. Novak and Yorgason will discuss the importance of matching research questions with dyadic data and how to best model congruence/similarity, difference scores, accuracy or bias, and idealization between partners. Dr. Pauly will describe a recently proposed developmental-contextual model of couple synchrony, and present findings from research using a smartwatch and smartphone system (DyMand) that captures dyadic interactions. Dr. Polenick will present findings from research examining effects of incongruent and discordant health conditions within older couples on depressive symptoms. Dr. Christine Proulx, an internationally recognized scholar of close relationships in late life, will offer perspective on these advances and critical future directions for the field. This is a Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
A DEVELOPMENTAL–CONTEXTUAL MODEL OF COUPLE SYNCHRONY: CENTRAL TENETS AND EMPIRICAL APPLICATION
Authors: Pauly Theresa , Gerstorf Denis , Wahl Hans-Werner , Lüscher Janina , Scholz Urte , Hoppmann Christiane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Most current models of social dynamics and health focus on individuals; our developmental-contextual model of couple synchrony (CoSynch) proposes a uniquely dyadic approach and deliberately moves to a N + 1 perspective. CoSynch emphasizes the importance of between-person synchrony for shaping development and health, which refers to the way in which physiological states and health behaviors fluctuate in sync between romantic partners. Synchrony is proposed to follow a u-shaped curve across adulthood, with younger and older couples showing greater synchrony than middle-aged couples, and with greater diversification of synchrony in very old age. We assume that synchrony is shaped by the closeness and shared contexts of couples, and is correlated with individual and dyad characteristics (e.g., attachment). Prior research has linked synchrony to perspective taking and effective collaboration. Thus, synchrony is assumed to be important for supportive interactions in couples managing chronic disease. As an empirical illustration, we apply the CoSynch model to analyze 992 daily life assessments from 11 Swiss couples in which one partner had Type II diabetes. Specifically, we used a smartphone and smartwatch system (DyMand) that captured daily social contexts and heart rate synchrony. Couples showed small to moderate interconnections in their heart rate fluctuations, which tended to be stronger when engaged in conversation with the partner. We will discuss the utility of using wearables to better understand health-relevant social developmental dynamics. Insights from collecting such data could be used to inform future interventions using technology to promote healthy aging and adaptive disease management.