bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting statistical thinking in year 12 multilingual classrooms: a collaborative study
Authors: Sharma Sashi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere are challenges making connections between language use and mathematics in mathematics education. A lack of connections between the two domains can have negative consequences on student learning and performance. The challenges in statistics classrooms, where language and contexts are important as a medium of instruction, have received little scrutiny. This article reports on collaborative research carried out in three largely Pasifika-dominated year 12 classes. Specifically, we explored the language resources and strategies that appear to enhance the statistical understanding of Pasifika students. Findings from the teacher reflection aspect of the study indicated that some strategies to incorporate student language and communicative resources in their learning worked better than others. Teachers may need to re-evaluate their teaching practices, especially if part of their population is learning English as a second language.
Application of sensor technology in grasping and preprocessing of network hotspot information propagation
Authors: Yang Chao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe rapid dissemination of hot information on the Internet has become a common phenomenon in today's society. Traditional methods of information capture and preprocessing often require a lot of manpower and material resources, and the captured information has low timeliness and accuracy. The purpose of this paper was to use sensor technology to find and locate network hotspots in time. By collecting user generated content, social media data, news reports, etc., the data is analyzed and mined to identify popular topics and events. In terms of information capture, sensor technology can monitor and understand user activities, the popularity of posts, emotional tendencies, user attention, user interaction, etc., through information monitoring. Network data was collected, such as network latency, data loss rate, and bandwidth utilization. Sensor technology was used to collect social media data to understand the level of public attention to hot events. In information preprocessing, sensor technology was used to remove noise and redundant information in data to ensure data quality. The data were labeled and classified, and the information dissemination rules of network hotspot were analyzed in depth. The average capture accuracy of Method 1 for Hotspot 1, Hotspot 2, and Hotspot 3 was 72.11%, 71.81%, and 72.54%, respectively. The average capture accuracy of Method 2 for Hotspot 1, Hotspot 2, and Hotspot 3 was 82.55%, 83.14%, and 82.91%, respectively. When the data was 40, 80, and 120, the preprocessing times of Method 1 for Post 1 were 8.81 s, 15.47 s, and 18.77 s, respectively. The preprocessing times of Method 2 for Post 1 were 5.97 s, 7.80 s, and 9.25 s, respectively. The application of sensor technology in the capture and preprocessing of network hot information dissemination has brought a variety of innovations, including multi-modal data acquisition, real-time monitoring and analysis, user behavior analysis, data cleaning and integration, anomaly detection and early warning, intelligent recommendation and personalized service, etc., thus improving the accuracy, real-time and personalized degree of information acquisition.
A Sustainable Translational Sheep Model for Planned Cesarean Delivery of Contraction-Free Ewes
Authors: Paping Alexander , Ehrlich Loreen , Melchior Kerstin , Ziska Thomas , Wippermann Wolf , Starke Alexander , Heinichen Karin , Henrich Wolfgang , Braun Thorsten 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe evaluated whether the sheep constitutes a useful translational model to evaluate anatomical and surgical aspects of cesarean delivery (CD) from a human medical perspective with the aim of both maternal and neonatal well-being. Our hypothesis was that CD in contraction-free ewes is not associated with major complications. Primary endpoint was the transferability of anatomical conditions and surgical techniques of CD from the ewe to the human. Secondary endpoints were maternal and fetal survival, occurrence of retained fetal membranes, metritis, mastitis, or wound infections. Forty-eight Merino ewes were delivered by CD after 95% gestation (142–144 days). Both ewes and newborn lambs were cared for intensively after the delivery. Ovine uterine anatomy during CD appeared slightly different but comparable to the human uterus. Uterine incisions were mostly performed in the uterine horns, not in the uterine corpus. The ovine uterine wall is thinner than in humans. All ewes survived without any major complications. Seventy-seven (88.5%) out of 87 live-born lambs survived without any complications. The contraction-free ewe constitutes an appropriate and safe model to evaluate anatomical and surgical aspects of CD from a human medical perspective. We present a step-by-step manual for successfully planned cesarean delivery for sheep including the perioperative management illustrated with photographs and a five-minute video. With adequate planning and a reasonable number of staff, it is possible to safeguard both maternal and neonatal survival. This sustainable translational medicine model offers additional potential for the offspring to be used for further research studies (e.g., transgenerational inheritance research).
Cue Brexit: Performing Global Britain at the UN Security Council
Authors: Rogers Lauren 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe role of performance in ontological security seeking is underdeveloped, despite the fact that many elements of such behaviour – narratives, rituals, routinised meetings – carry a distinctive performative quality. Drawing on Butlerian performance theory, this article makes the case that performances are essential to re-establishing coherence and a sense of self following ontologically critical situations. The reproduction of the self, especially while directly addressing fundamental existential questions, is an important way to overcome critical situations. At the state level, this reproduction of self also includes a reproduction of the international system, a task which is best enacted in everyday diplomatic practice. To explore this theory, I use Brexit as an illustrative case study. Brexit was a moment of profound crisis for the United Kingdom (UK) and an ontologically critical situation. It forced the UK to reposition itself on the world stage and confront significant challenges to its self-understanding. In Westminster, these efforts centred on ‘Global Britain’ – a narrative shift that bridged the identity gap and provided a thin framework for foreign policy. At the same time, British diplomats were tasked with international realignment post-Brexit. In this way, everyday diplomatic practice became Brexit performances.
Rainbow spanning structures in graph and hypergraph systems
Authors: Cheng Yangyang , Han Jie , Wang Bin , Wang Guanghui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We study the following rainbow version of subgraph containment problems in a family of (hyper)graphs, which generalizes the classical subgraph containment problems in a single host graph. For a collection

$\mathit {\mathbf {G}}=\{G_1, G_2,\ldots , G_{m}\}$

of not necessarily distinct k-graphs on the same vertex set

$[n]$

, a (sub)graph H on

$[n]$

is rainbow if there exists an injection

$\varphi : E(H)\rightarrow [m]$

, such that

$e\in E(G_{\varphi (e)})$

for each

$e\in E(H)$

. Note that if

$|E(H)|=m$

, then

$\varphi $

is a bijection, and thus H contains exactly one edge from each

$G_i$

.
Our main results focus on rainbow clique-factors in (hyper)graph systems with minimum d-degree conditions. Specifically, we establish the following:

(1)
A rainbow analogue of an asymptotical version of the Hajnal–Szemerédi theorem, namely, if

$t\mid n$

and

$\delta (G_i)\geq (1-\frac {1}{t}+\varepsilon )n$

for each

$i\in [\frac {n}{t}\binom {t}{2}]$

, then

$\mathit {\mathbf {G}}$

contains a rainbow

$K_t$

-factor;

(2)
Essentially, a minimum d-degree condition forcing a perfect matching in a k-graph also forces rainbow perfect matchings in k-graph systems for

$d\in [k-1]$

.

The degree assumptions in both results are asymptotically best possible (although the minimum d-degree condition forcing a perfect matching in a k-graph is in general unknown). For (1), we also discuss two directed versions and a multipartite version. Finally, to establish these results, we in fact provide a general framework to attack this type of problem, which reduces it to subproblems with finitely many colors.
Women, blood, and dangerous things: socio-cultural variation in the conceptualization of menstruation
Authors: Vancauwenbergh Margot , Franco Karlien 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study examines a collection of expressions for the taboo topic of menstruation in Dutch, German, and Mandarin Chinese. A model for the identification of conceptualization patterns in taboo verbalizations is set up, analyzing each expression according to the X-phemistic mechanisms and, if applicable, the metaphorical source domains or metonymic vehicles at its origin. The various conceptualizations of menstruation are approached from a socio-cultural perspective; variation in conceptualization is examined through a correspondence regression analysis with three speaker-related explanatory variables (L1 and associated cultural background, menstrual experience, and age group). The underlying interest is linguo-cultural as the study aims to verify whether dominant menstrual attitudes are reflected in the linguistic conceptualization of menstruation within each socio-cultural group. Such correlations are indeed found, although the youngest age-group shows some unexpected linguistic behavior.
Exploring a Mallorca cave flooding during the Little Ice Age using nondestructive techniques on a stalagmite: micro-CT and XRF core scanning
Authors: Cisneros Mercè , Cacho Isabel , Frigola Jaime , Moreno Ana , Stoll Heather , Fornós Joan J. , Sigró Javier , Barriendos Mariano 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on characterizing a discontinuity within the Seán stalagmite (4.75–7.75 cm) by means of two nondestructive techniques: (1) high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and (2) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning (XRFCS). Micro-CT was used to study the stalagmite density, and XRFCS was applied to obtain the qualitative elemental composition and colour measurements. The new data obtained from nondestructive techniques have been combined with previously published geochemical data and fabric determinations from the same stalagmite found in Sa Balma des Quartó cave in Mallorca. The two methodologies applied in the present study have improved the characterization of the distinctive horizon. The micro-CT images identified the layer as a minor event due the high air content. The distinctive horizon is characterized by a high Ti-content, indicating the arrival of terrigenous particles. Based on those observations, together with the fact that the micrite layer appears filling the gaps between the older columnar fabric, we argue that the micrite layer may represent a major flooding event inside the cave after the year 1616 ± 23 CE and before the year 1623 ± 28 CE, which can be related to an extreme rainfall event. This hypothesis is further supported by the observed cave flooding during the autumn of 2018.
Information Spillover and Corporate Policies: The Case of Listed Options
Authors: Bernile Gennaro , Hu Jianfeng , Li Guangzhong , Michaely Roni 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Information production associated with derivatives markets is not a sideshow; rather, it has significantly positive spillover effects on an array of corporate decisions of underlying firms. Using a regression-discontinuity design based on exogenous variation in options availability as an instrument for changes in the information environment, we show that options introductions have causal effects on corporate policies on both sides of the balance sheet. Through improved information efficiency, options availability reduces the need for debt and payout, increases efficient investment, and yields superior innovation. We conduct two independent experiments demonstrating that our instrument’s impact is not derived from alternative channels.
Strengthening primary health care in China: governance and policy challenges
Authors: Qian Jiwei , Ramesh M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrimary care is often the weakest link in health systems despite its acknowledged central importance in promoting population's health at economical cost. A key reason for the lacunae is that both scholars and practitioners working on the subject typically underestimate the enormity of the task and the range of complementary measures required to build an effective primary care system. The objective of the paper is to highlight theoretical gaps and practical limitations to strengthening primary care. The challenges and difficulties are illustrated through a case study of China where primary care continues to struggle despite the government's strong political, financial and policy support in recent years. In this paper, we review the development of primary health care in China and how it is governed, provided, and financed, highlighting the gaps and misalignments that undermine its performance. We argue that governance deficiencies coupled with flawed financing and payments arrangements are major impediments to improving performance. China's experience offers valuable lessons for other governments seeking to strengthen primary health care.
A Tectonic Origin for the Largest Marsquake Observed by InSight
Authors: Fernando Benjamin , Daubar Ingrid J. , Charalambous Constantinos , Grindrod Peter M. , Stott Alexander , Al Ateqi Abdullah , Atri Dimitra , Ceylan Savas , Clinton John , Fillingim Matthew , Hauber Ernest , Hill Jonathon R. , Kawamura Taichi , Liu Jianjun , Lucas Antoine , Lorenz Ralph , Ojha Lujendra , Perrin Clement , Piqueux Sylvain , Stähler Simon , Tirsch Daniela , Wilson Colin , Wójcicka Natalia , Giardini Domenico , Lognonné Philippe , Banerdt W. Bruce 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe S1222a marsquake detected by InSight on 4 May 2022 was the largest of the mission, at 4.7. Given its resemblance to two other large seismic events (S1000a and S1094b), which were associated with the formation of fresh craters, we undertook a search for a fresh crater associated with S1222a. Such a crater would be expected to be ∼300 m in diameter and have a blast zone on the order of 180 km across. Orbital images were targeted and searched as part of an international, multi‐mission effort. Comprehensive analysis of the area using low‐ and medium‐resolution images reveals no relevant transient atmospheric phenomena and no fresh blast zone. High‐resolution coverage of the epicentral area from most spacecraft are more limited, but no fresh crater or other evidence of a new impact have been identified in those images either. We thus conclude that the S1222a event was highly likely of tectonic origin.
Tropical Waves Are Key Drivers of Extreme Precipitation Events in the Central Sahel
Authors: Peyrillé Philippe , Roehrig Romain , Sanogo Sidiki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractExtreme precipitation events (EPE) are often associated with severe floods and significant damages in Central Sahel. To better understand their formation and improve their forecasts, we investigate the sub‐seasonal drivers of EPEs. A composite analysis reveals that moist, cyclonic and upper‐level divergence anomalies are found on average as a result of several tropical waves. The equatorial Rossby wave (ER) dominates at large scale providing a moist and convectively‐active anomaly over the northern Sahel together with a smaller‐scale African Easterly Wave (AEW). The Madden‐Julian Oscillation provides upper‐level divergence anomalies and a Kelvin wave increases convection during the EPE. Statistics show the prevalence of AEW and emphasize ER as a key driver of EPE. The co‐occurrences of several tropical waves, especially those involving AEW, ER, and Kelvin waves, increase the probability of EPE. Monitoring these tropical waves combinations could improve EPEs forecasts.
Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanche Development Near the Electric Field Threshold in Inhomogeneous Air
Authors: Diniz G. S. , Wada Y. , Ohira Y. , Nakazawa K. , Tsurumi M. , Enoto T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRelativistic Runaway Electrons Avalanches (RREAs) development depends on the applied electric field and the environment's air density. This dependency controls the RREA exponential growth length scale. The RREA development affects the bremsstrahlung excess occurring due to the passage of charged particles through the thundercloud's electric fields, the gamma‐ray glow. We used Monte Carlo simulations to develop an empirical model showing the RREA behavior in a realistic atmospheric density profile. The new formulation shows how the density variation modulates the electron population under electric field strengths near the RREA electric field threshold. The model limits the initial RREA altitude range as a function of the electric field strength. The new model is valid between ∼0.6 and ∼18 km, covering the relevant heights to investigate the generation of ground‐detected gamma‐ray glows.
Linking Significant Zr Isotopic Fractionation in Magmatic Zircons With Petrographic Textures
Authors: Yuan Yu , Zong Keqing , Guo Jing‐Liang , Zhang Wen , Wang Zaicong , Moynier Frédéric , Feng Lanping , Hu Zhaochu , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe origin of crystal‐scale Zr isotopic variation remains enigmatic. Here, we report high‐precision Zr isotopic compositions of thin‐sectioned and hand‐picked zircon crystals from monzodiorites and K‐feldspar granites, which represent the mafic and felsic products of a differentiating magma. Our results reveal that zircons from both rock associations are dominated by a rim‐ward increase in the 94Zr/90Zr ratio and accompanied by ∼1‰ intracrystalline and intercrystalline variations, confirming the preferential incorporation of light Zr isotopes and thus kinetic isotopic fractionation during zircon growth. Notably, zircons enclosed by K‐feldspar in monzodiorites generally yield lower 94Zr/90Zr and higher Zr/Hf ratios than that of separated crystals, while in K‐feldspar granites, tiny zircons intergrown with apatite obtain higher 94Zr/90Zr but lower Zr/Hf ratios relative to that of sizable separates. The diversity in petrographic textures and sizes of zircon crystals, corresponding to their crystallization sequence, potentially accounts for some of the heterogeneity of Zr isotopes at the mineral scale.
Green leaf volatile sensory calcium transduction in Arabidopsis
Authors: Aratani Yuri , Uemura Takuya , Hagihara Takuma , Matsui Kenji , Toyota Masatsugu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlants perceive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by mechanically- or herbivore-damaged neighboring plants and induce various defense responses. Such interplant communication protects plants from environmental threats. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of VOC sensory transduction in plants remain largely unknown. Using a wide-field real-time imaging method, we visualize an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in Arabidopsis leaves following exposure to VOCs emitted by injured plants. We identify two green leaf volatiles (GLVs), (Z)-3-hexenal (Z-3-HAL) and (E)-2-hexenal (E-2-HAL), which increase [Ca2+]cyt in Arabidopsis. These volatiles trigger the expression of biotic and abiotic stress-responsive genes in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Tissue-specific high-resolution Ca2+ imaging and stomatal mutant analysis reveal that [Ca2+]cyt increases instantly in guard cells and subsequently in mesophyll cells upon Z-3-HAL exposure. These results suggest that GLVs in the atmosphere are rapidly taken up by the inner tissues via stomata, leading to [Ca2+]cyt increases and subsequent defense responses in Arabidopsis leaves.
O-GlcNAcylation regulates neurofilament-light assembly and function and is perturbed by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mutations
Authors: Huynh Duc T. , Tsolova Kalina N. , Watson Abigail J. , Khal Sai Kwan , Green Jordan R. , Li Di , Hu Jimin , Soderblom Erik J. , Chi Jen-Tsan , Evans Chantell S. , Boyce Michael 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe neurofilament (NF) cytoskeleton is critical for neuronal morphology and function. In particular, the neurofilament-light (NF-L) subunit is required for NF assembly in vivo and is mutated in subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. NFs are highly dynamic, and the regulation of NF assembly state is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that human NF-L is modified in a nutrient-sensitive manner by O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a ubiquitous form of intracellular glycosylation. We identify five NF-L O-GlcNAc sites and show that they regulate NF assembly state. NF-L engages in O-GlcNAc-mediated protein-protein interactions with itself and with the NF component α-internexin, implying that O-GlcNAc may be a general regulator of NF architecture. We further show that NF-L O-GlcNAcylation is required for normal organelle trafficking in primary neurons. Finally, several CMT-causative NF-L mutants exhibit perturbed O-GlcNAc levels and resist the effects of O-GlcNAcylation on NF assembly state, suggesting a potential link between dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation and pathological NF aggregation. Our results demonstrate that site-specific glycosylation regulates NF-L assembly and function, and aberrant NF O-GlcNAcylation may contribute to CMT and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Dynamic emotional states shape the episodic structure of memory
Authors: McClay Mason , Sachs Matthew E. , Clewett David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHuman emotions fluctuate over time. However, it is unclear how these shifting emotional states influence the organization of episodic memory. Here, we examine how emotion dynamics transform experiences into memorable events. Using custom musical pieces and a dynamic emotion-tracking tool to elicit and measure temporal fluctuations in felt valence and arousal, our results demonstrate that memory is organized around emotional states. While listening to music, fluctuations between different emotional valences bias temporal encoding process toward memory integration or separation. Whereas a large absolute or negative shift in valence helps segment memories into episodes, a positive emotional shift binds sequential representations together. Both discrete and dynamic shifts in music-evoked valence and arousal also enhance delayed item and temporal source memory for concurrent neutral items, signaling the beginning of new emotional events. These findings are in line with the idea that the rise and fall of emotions can sculpt unfolding experiences into memories of meaningful events.