bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leukocytosis in Cushing’s syndrome persists post-surgical remission and could predict a lower remission prognosis in patients with Cushing’s disease
Authors: Masri-Iraqi Hiba , Rudman Yaron , Shochat Tzipora , Kushnir Shiri , Shimon Ilan , Fleseriu Maria , Akirov Amit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Leukocytosis frequently noted in Cushing’s syndrome (CS), along with other blood cell changes caused by direct and indirect cortisol effects.

Objective
Assess baseline white blood cell (WBC) profile in CS patients compared to controls and WBC changes pre- and post-remission after surgical treatment for CS.

Design
A comparative nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Setting
Data from Clalit Health Services database.

Patients
297 patients (mean age 51 ± 16.1 years, 73.0% women) with CS and 997 age-, sex-, body mass index-, and socioeconomic status-individually matched controls. Ectopic CS or adrenal cancer patients were excluded.

Main outcome measure
Mean WBC, neutrophils, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) two-years before and after pituitary or adrenal surgery. WBC and neutrophils are expressed as Kcells/µl.

Results
At baseline, leukocytosis was observed in 21.5% of patients with CS vs. 8.9% of controls (P < 0.001). Patients with CS had significantly higher WBC (8.8 ± 2.88 vs. 7.54 ± 2.45, p < 0.0001), neutrophils (5.82 ± 2.38 vs. 4.48 ± 1.97, p < 0.0001), and NLR (3.37 ± 2.63 vs. 2.27 ± 1.86, p < 0.0001) compared to controls, regardless of pituitary or adrenal source of hypercortisolemia. Post-surgery, patients with CS experienced significant decreases in mean WBC (-0.57 ± 2.56, p < 0.0001), neutrophils (-0.84 ± 2.55, p < 0.0001), and NLR (-0.63 ± 2.7, p < 0.0001). Despite achieving disease remission, patients with CS still had higher WBC (8.11 ± 2.4 vs. 7.46 ± 2.17, p = 0.0004) and neutrophils (4.71 ± 2.10 vs. 4.41 ± 1.87, p = 0.03) compared to controls. Patients with CD and baseline leukocytosis had lower remission rate than those with normal WBC (36.7% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
At diagnosis, CS patients have elevated WBC, neutrophils, and NLR compared to controls. Remission does not normalize WBC levels in all patients, and baseline leukocytosis predicts a poorer remission prognosis in CD.
Recommendations Provided to Families of Neurodivergent Children with Histories of Interpersonal Trauma across Two Clinical Assessment Services within a Major Metropolitan Children’s Hospital in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Kalisch Lauren A. , Lawrence Katherine A. , Howard Kelly , Basu Soumya , Gargaro Belinda , Kypriano Kypros , Spencer-Smith Megan , Ure Alexandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite substantial evidence to suggest that neurodivergent children are particularly vulnerable to experiencing interpersonal trauma, evidence-based therapeutic guidelines for this group of children are lacking and best practice parameters have yet to be established. This study aimed to synthesise and describe recommendations provided by two specialist clinical assessment services within a major metropolitan children’s hospital in Melbourne, Australia, to families of children diagnosed with autism and/or an intellectual disability who have experienced interpersonal trauma. Twenty-six assessment reports written between 2021–2022 containing such recommendations were analysed. While less than half of the reports (43%) provided recommendations intended to directly support the child’s experience of interpersonal trauma, the majority (88%) provided ‘indirect’ recommendations that addressed other treatment targets known to benefit neurotypical children, or neurodivergent children without a history of trauma. Overall, these results shed light on the limited evidence-based strategies clinicians can reliably draw upon when working with this vulnerable population and reinforce the importance of developing empirically supported trauma interventions that are appropriate for neurodivergent children.
Rational torsion of generalised modular Jacobians of odd level
Authors: Curcó-Iranzo Mar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider the generalised Jacobian

$$J_{0}(N)_{{\textbf{m}}}$$

J
0

(
N
)

m

of the modular curve

$$X_{0}(N)$$

X
0

(
N
)

of level N, with respect to the modulus

$${\textbf{m}}$$

m

consisting of all cusps on the modular curve. When N is odd, we determine the group structure of the rational torsion

$$J_{0}(N)_{{\textbf{m}}}(\mathbb {Q})_{{{\,\textrm{tor}\,}}}$$

J
0

(
N
)

m

(
Q
)

tor

up to 2-primary and l-primary parts for any prime l dividing N. Our results extend those of Wei–Yamazaki for squarefree levels and Yamazaki–Yang for prime-power levels.
Half-Covered ‘Glitter-Cake’ AM@SE Composite: A Novel Electrode Design for High Energy Density All-Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Kim Min Ji , Park Jin-Sung , Lee Jin Woong , Wang Sung Eun , Yoon Dowoong , Lee Jong Deok , Kim Jung Hyun , Song Taeseup , Li Ju , Kang Yun Chan , Jung Dae Soo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) are pursued due to their potential for better safety and high energy density. However, the energy density of the cathode for ASSBs does not seem to be satisfactory due to the low utilization of active materials (AMs) at high loading. With small amount of solid electrolyte (SE) powder in the cathode, poor electrochemical performance is often observed due to contact loss and non-homogeneous distribution of AMs and SEs, leading to high tortuosity and limitation of lithium and electron transport pathways. Here, we propose a novel cathode design that can achieve high volumetric energy density of 1258 Wh L−1 at high AM content of 85 wt% by synergizing the merits of AM@SE core–shell composite particles with conformally coated thin SE shell prepared from mechanofusion process and small SE particles. The core–shell structure with an intimate and thin SE shell guarantees high ionic conduction pathway while unharming the electronic conduction. In addition, small SE particles play the role of a filler that reduces the packing porosity in the cathode composite electrode as well as between the cathode and the SE separator layer. The systematic demonstration of the optimization process may provide understanding and guidance on the design of electrodes for ASSBs with high electrode density, capacity, and ultimately energy density.
Classroom Observations and Post-Observation Conversations: Powerful Tools for Developing Teacher Adaptive Expertise
Authors: Bhagwandhin Vijay , Grudnoff Lexie , Meyer Frauke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Adaptive expertise is considered key to improving teacher practice. While literature suggests that classroom observations followed by professional learning conversations may contribute to the development of adaptive expertise, few studies have specifically examined the influence of this process. Hence, this qualitative study investigated the perceptions of four teachers and four middle leaders from two New Zealand primary schools, on the use and usefulness of existing classroom observation and post-observation conversation processes in contributing to teacher adaptive expertise. Data included video-recorded observations, pre-observation sheets, transcripts of post-observation conversations and interviews with middle leaders and teachers. Thematic analysis showed that participants believed the process was useful in aiding the development of some elements associated with adaptive expertise such as reflective practice, engagement with evidence, and a focus on improvement. However, data also indicated that a stronger emphasis on goal setting, more time to embed the process in whole school practice would improve its usefulness.
Weiterbildung im Kontext von Hochschulbildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung – Nutzung und Wahrnehmung des Angebots aus der Sicht von Lehrenden
Authors: Ruckelshauß Teresa , Siegmund Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Das Bildungskonzept Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung ist in allen Bildungsbereichen von Bedeutung. Dies schließt die Hochschule mit ein, weswegen Hochschullehrende adäquat weitergebildet werden müssen. Der Beitrag stellt Ergebnisse einer Studie unter Hochschullehrenden (N = 313) vor. Die Befragten haben mehrheitlich keine Weiterbildungen mit thematischem Bezug zu Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung besucht und schätzen das Angebot an solchen Weiterbildungen als nicht ausreichend ein. Zusammenhänge mit individuellen Charakteristika wie Geschlecht und Disziplin werden geprüft. Die Ergebnisse werden insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund von Erkenntnissen aus der Teilnahmeforschung diskutiert und Schlussfolgerungen für Weiterbildungen für Hochschullehrende abgeleitet.
Religious fundamentalism and radicalization: how nationalist-Islamist party politics polarizes Turkey—and how polarization can be reduced
Authors: Demmrich Sarah , Hanel Paul H. P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The reactivity hypothesis posits that individuals who are, or perceive themselves to be, deprived tend to develop a fundamentalist worldview and/or are more likely to (further) radicalize. In the present study, however, we predicted that individuals who feel less deprived would exhibit a stronger fundamentalist worldview and/or radicalized attitudes in a political context characterized by polarization driven by leaders or institutions such as governments. Using Turkey as an example, we found partial support for our hypothesis in a Muslim sample (N = 736), which was representative of age, gender, education level, ethnic affiliations, and urbanity. Individuals who felt less disadvantaged—thus more privileged—were found to be more fundamentalist, even when controlling for a range of other variables previously associated with fundamentalism, including conspiracy beliefs, personality traits, and socio-demographic variables. In contrast, deprivation was unrelated to radicalization (acceptance of active and reactive violence). Interestingly, supporters of the nationalist-Islamist government (AKP-MHP) scored on average higher on fundamentalism and radicalization than supporters of other parties. However, we also note that there are substantial similarities between both groups and that most participants scored low on both radicalization measures. Finally, we discuss possible strategies drawn from various studies aimed at reducing polarization and radicalization.
Boron nitride nanotubes induced strengthening in aluminum 7075 composite via cryomilling and spark plasma sintering
Authors: Mohammed Sohail M. A. K. , Nisar Ambreen , John Denny , Sukumaran Abhijith K. , Fu Yifei , Paul Tanaji , Hernandez Alexander F. , Seal Sudipta , Agarwal Arvind 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Al7075 is among the strongest commercial aluminum alloys with low density, making it a standout choice for structural metals. However, the never-ending quest for higher strength and low-density materials demands structural metals stronger than Al7075. In this study, high-strength and chemically inert one-dimensional boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are used to reinforce Al7075 alloy, making ultra-high strength aluminum matrix composite. Al7075-BNNT composite is fabricated using a multi-step process involving ultrasonication, cryomilling, and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Ultra-fine grains were efficiently achieved in 2 h of milling, resulting in an impressive ultimate strength of ~ 636.8 ± 18.9 MPa and elongation up to necking of 10.1 ± 0.5% in heat-treated Al7075-BNNT composite. The obtained strength is 1.3 times higher than SPS Al7075 and 2.9 times higher than cast Al7075 alloy. The cryomilling facilitated a homogeneous dispersion of BNNTs, fostering effective interfacial bonding, albeit leading to variations in BNNT length ranging from 1–50 µm. The interplay between BNNT lengths and their impact on mechanical properties is explored, showcasing a synergistic improvement in strength and elongation. The comprehensive understanding of the resulting strengthening mechanisms encompasses Hall–Petch, Orowan, dislocation-induced strengthening, and dominant load transfer mechanisms. These findings offer valuable insights into fabricating high-performance aluminum matrix composites surpassing conventional strength. The Al7075-BNNT composite's unprecedented mechanical strength could further extend the use of aluminum alloys to more demanding aerospace applications, such as spacecraft structures and next-generation vehicles, as well as racing and automotive parts where the need for ultra-lightweight yet ultra-strong materials is paramount for fuel efficiency and performance under extreme conditions.
Synthesis, Optical and Electrical Properties of MXENE (Ti3C2Tx) Ink Fabrication for Coating Application
Authors: Ramalignam R. Jothi , Al-Lohedan Hamad , Karnan Muthusamy , Al-dhayan Dhaifallah M. , Sha Mizaj Shabil , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, A colloidal solution of MXene containing multi and single-layered Ti3C2Tx was prepared by in-situ HF etching method from the precursor compound of Ti3AlC2. After ultrasonication, the as-prepared MXene ink appears from a green to a black solution. The as-prepared black powder of Ti3C2Tx in liquid and powder is further characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAX, and Electrical property characterization. We presented the detailed methodology for the MXene ink preparation and its electrical property characterization. As a result, we developed MXene ink obtained by the etching process in the measuring cloth. The homogeneity of the as-prepared ink is very efficient and shows promising conducting properties for future application study.
Enhanced Terrain-Referenced Navigation Through Adaptive Radar Altimeter Error Estimation with Monte Carlo Sampling
Authors: Kim Sungjoong , Park Junwoo , Bang HyoChoong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Terrain-referenced navigation serves as a reliable backup system for military aviation, but its performance is often compromised by inaccurate radar altimeter noise estimation. The wide beamwidth of radar altimeters causes complex error characteristics that vary with flight conditions and radar–terrain interactions. A mismatch between assumed and actual measurement error levels can lead to degraded navigation accuracy and potential filter divergence. This issue is exacerbated in mission scenarios such as low-altitude penetrations that require frequent rolling and pitching maneuvers. This study proposes a novel radar altimeter error modeling approach that uses Monte Carlo sampling to estimate measurement error levels on-the-fly. By incorporating a radar–terrain interaction measurement model, the method provides tighter error bounds to an extended Kalman filter, improving its response to state- and terrain-dependent error characteristics. Simulation across four distinct scenarios show that the proposed approach reduces the average divergence rate from 2.75 to 0.25%, and decreases horizontal position error by 32.3% in RMSE and 31.7% in CEP.
Functional Graphene Fiber Materials for Advanced Wearable Applications
Authors: Zhai Heng , Liu Jing , Liu Zekun , Li Yi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Graphene fiber materials have emerged as key enablers in the advancement of wearable electronics due to their outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength and flexibility. This review explores the fabrication techniques of graphene fibers, including wet spinning, electrospinning and dry spinning, which have been refined to produce high-performance fibers tailored for various wearable applications. Graphene fibers demonstrate exceptional functionality in wearable sensing technologies, such as strain, pressure and humidity sensors, while also showing promises in flexible energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. Moreover, fabrication techniques like weaving, spinning and additional encapsulations have enabled the integration of graphene fibers into smart textiles, enhancing flexibility and durability. These methods ensure seamless electronic integration into fabrics for applications in flexible displays and wearable systems. By summarizing all the advances of graphene fibers in wearable electronics, this review provides a roadmap for future research directions. Future developments will focus on enhancing structural performance, hybridization with other materials and scalable fabrication techniques to support commercialization. These advancements position graphene fibers as a critical material for next-generation wearable electronics, offering seamless integration of functionality, comfort and durability.

Graphical Abstract
GIS and remote sensing based analysis for monitoring urban growth dynamics in Western Himalayan city of Dharamshala, India
Authors: Mehra Nishant , Swain Janaki Ballav 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ill-managed and unregulated urban sprawl has posed critical environmental and social challenges in the developing nations. There is an inherent need to monitor and measure the LULC changes to balance socio-economic development pressures and conservation measures. Integrating remote sensing and GIS has markedly helped frame intervention strategies in the fragile Himalayan regions. The research proposes establishing intervention strategies by monitoring LULC transitions occurring in Dharamshala, India, from 2016 to 2022. Maximum Likelihood Classification was performed on three Landsat 8 OLI images for 2016, 2019, and 2022 to prepare LULC thematic maps. The geographical and topographical complexities of the region necessitated the use of spectral vegetation indices, ancillary data, and the Strahler order algorithm to accurately represent LULC classes in the form of post-classification correction measures. The overall accuracy was found to be 88.06%, 87.02%, and 91.09% for the years 2016, 2019, and 2022. The study revealed a 140% increase in built-up areas from 2016 to 2022. The findings indicate increased developmental pressures in the 1500 m elevation and the progression of the urban sprawl towards higher altitudes, thereby increasing the risk of environmental degradation and posing a significant danger to the ecological susceptibility of the region. The tourism sector was a key factor driving LULC transitions in the area.
“That Party was Born without a Soul.” Re-examining the Populism of the Saskatchewan Party
Authors: Enoch Simon , Smith Charles 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the Saskatchewan Party (SKP), identifying with the Western populist tradition was essential to both its creation and initial electoral viability, leading many political commentators to regularly refer to the SKP as a right-wing populist party. Yet scholars have been much more reticent to classify the SKP as an authentically Canadian populist party in the style of the Reform Party of Canada. Part of this disconnect is a result of the SKP's uneven and opportunistic use of populism throughout its history. Indeed, this article argues that the SKP's initial commitment to populism was largely performative, embraced to fend off the challenge of a potential provincial Reform Party. Once the utility of the SKP's performative populism threatened its electoral viability, most of the party's symbolic nods to populism were abandoned. Yet, more recently, the SKP has embraced a new form of populism that merges its pro-business support for the region's oil and gas industry with right-wing policies that are often linked to its rural base. This form of populism, defined as extractive populism, demonstrates that the SKP continues to use populist discourse opportunistically when its right-wing base is threatened.
Conditioning Tourism and Trade: Designs for Travel Aboard the Great White Fleet in the “American Tropics,” 1899–1930
Authors: Sturtevant Elliott 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Beginning in the late nineteenth century, the United Fruit Company (UFC) convinced tens of thousands of passengers a year to tour the Caribbean aboard its Great White Fleet. Many were awed by the ships’ pristine white hulls, lush interiors, surprisingly cool cabins, and on-deck swimming pools—each a means of both enjoying and mitigating the effects of the tropics. The fleet, along with the company's two hotels in Jamaica, augured a new era of leisurely travel in the Americas, but few grasped the extent to which their stays and the environments they experienced were shaped and conditioned by the preceding infrastructures of imperialist enterprise. Using literature published by the UFC and its subsidiary, Fruit Dispatch, along with travelogues and technical publications, this article looks at the distribution networks used by the United Fruit Company to ferry tourists to the Caribbean and “exotic” produce back to the US. It traces the movements of people and goods on- and offshore and reveals the technologies that connected the comfort of passengers above deck to the health of freight below, as well as the company's architectures of leisure to the infrastructures and violence of extractive industry.
Celebrity Public Relations in China: Power, Politics and Pop Propaganda
Authors: Xu Jian , Yang Ling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The article uses the scandal surrounding Jackson Yee, a state-endorsed celebrity and household name in China, as a case study to critically examine how the “government–industry–fan–platform” alliance co-conducts what we call “collaborative celebrity PR” to rescue co-opted stars from scandal. We find that the relationship between the four agents is symbiotic but that the government plays the most important “arbitrator” role. We argue that the state-endorsed celebrities face an inherent dilemma of “power(lessness)” in which they have to dedicate more effort towards propaganda and behave in a moral and exemplary way to please the government to gain more political capital and power and minimize their own precarity. We also highlight the uncertainty and risks using celebrities in its pop propaganda can bring to the CCP: if a state-endorsed celebrity cannot be saved, the scandal can damage the legitimacy and reliability of the Party propaganda.
Addressing the concept of total pain in palliative care: A postcolonial South African hospice view
Authors: Petersen-Damon Michelle , Swartz Leslie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Palliative care, which was formally established in the Global North, is now recognized globally as part of health care. As part of a larger study, we were interested in how decision-makers at a leading hospice in South Africa understood the changing local context and its influence on the delivery of services. We were interested in how the concept of “total pain,” as outlined by Saunders, applies in a very unequal and under-resourced society in the shadow of a long, oppressive colonial, and apartheid past.

Methods
We conducted face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 12 staff at St Luke’s Combined Hospices in Cape Town, South Africa, and analyzed the data following Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach.

Results
Four major themes emerged from the data. First, St Luke’s has faced the challenge of serving a larger and far more diverse population than it had under apartheid. Second, the organization has undergone a process of rethinking holism and holistic services offered to palliative care patients in this context. Third, diversity and cultural sensitivity are key to how services are offered, and finally, the concept of “total pain” in this context is linked to questions of power and empowerment.

Significance of results
This study is small and situated within a particular context, and it is clear that more data are needed. Nevertheless, the study shows that considering the Global South and postcolonial context is important for thinking about total pain and a global system of palliative care which is sensitive to the majority world context.