bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baculovirus Expression of Feline Panleukopenia Virus Capsid Protein and Induces Robust Immune Responses in Cats
Authors: Feng Erkai , Yan Manping , Shang Jingyuan , Zhang Xiaohao , Cao Zhigang , Liu Wei , Luo Guoliang , Wang Chunxia , Wang Zhenjun , Cheng Shipeng , Cheng Yueling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Feline panleukopenia (FP) is a highly contagious, often fatal viral disease that suffered by almost all members of the family Felidae. Feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) is the major etiological pathogen of FP, which is a single-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus. The VP2 protein is the major protective antigen of FPLV and be considered as a promising candidate for developing a novel subunit vaccine to immunoprophylaxis of FP.
Results
FPLV-VLPs was created by expressing VP2 protein in a baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS), and it showed higher antigenicity and higher hemagglutination (up to 1:214). Cats vaccinated with the FPLV-VLP vaccine produced a higher level of anti-FPLV HI antibodies (1:216) and were 100% protected from challenge with virulent FPLV.
Methods
In this study, the gene encoding FPLV VP2 (GenBank OP491797) was codon optimized and obtained by gene splicing by overlap extension PCR(SOE PCR). Then, the optimized VP2 sequence was ligated to the pFastBac-I vector through homologous recombination technology. Finally, VP2 protein was expressed in a baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) and it self-assemble into virus-like particles after treated with 100 mM NaHCO3 solution.
Conclusion
In summary, FPLV-VLPs with higer antigenicity and higher hemagglutination (up to 1:214), was created by expressing VP2 protein in a baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). Then, a novel a novel pet vaccine against FP with a higher effectiveness and safety profile was developed in this study. Cats vaccinated with the FPLV-VLP vaccine produced a higher level of anti-FPLV HI antibodies (1:216) and were 100% protected from challenge with virulent FPLV. In subsequent applications, the FPLV-VLP vaccine can be used as a single vaccine or in combination with other vaccines to vaccinate cats for immunoprophylaxis against FPs.
Three Dimensional Long-Wave Instability of an Evaporation/Condensation Film
Authors: Jiang Weiyang , Huang Ruiqi , Yang Qiang , Ding Zijing 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

This paper explores the stability and dynamics of a three-dimensional evaporating/condensing film while falling down a heated/cooled incline. Instead of using the Hertz-Knudsen-Langmuir relation, a more comprehensive phase change boundary condition is employed. A non-linear differential equation is derived based on the Benny-type equation, which takes into account gravity, energy transport, vapor recoil, effective pressure, and evaporation. The impact of effective pressure and vapor recoil on instability is studied using a linear stability analysis. The results show that spanwise perturbations can amplify the destabilizing effects of vapor recoil, leading to instability. Energy transport along the interface has almost no effect on the stability of the system, but it does influence the linear wave speed. Nonlinear evolution demonstrates that, in contrast to the vapor recoil effect, effective pressure can improve stability and delay film rupture. The self-similar solution demonstrates that the minimal film thickness decreases as (tr-t)1/2 and (tr-t)1/3 under the dominance of evaporation and vapor recoil, respectively.
Monoexponential, biexponential, stretched exponential and diffusion kurtosis models of diffusion-weighted imaging: A quantitative differentiation of solitary pulmonary lesion
Authors: Wang Ke , Wu Guangyao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Quantitative comparison of monoexponential, biexponential, and stretched exponential diffusion-weighted MR imaging and diffusion kurtosis MR imaging in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPL).
Method
Forty-four SPL subjects were selected according to the inclusion criteria, and multi b-value DWI data were collected. Monoexponential DWI and DKI model were fitted using least square method. Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear fitting biexponential and stretched exponential DWI. Region of interests (ROIs) were described manually. Parameters between benign and malignant SPLs were compared using independent sample t test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Correlation between all parameters were evaluated by using Spearman correlation.
Result
ADC, ADCslow, α, DDC and Dapp values were significantly lower in malignant SPL than in benign SPL (P < 0.001). Kapp was significantly higher in malignant SPL than in benign SPL (P < 0.001). No differences were found between the parameters ADCfast and f which reflect perfusion. Among all subjects, ADCslow was significantly lower than ADC (P < 0.05), while DDC and Dapp were significantly higher than ADC (P < 0.05). When observing the working characteristic curves of subjects for distinguishing benign and malignant SPL, the AUC values of ADC, ADCslow, DDC, Dapp, and Kapp were 0.904, 0.815, 0.942, 0.93, and 0.815, respectively. The DDC value has the maximum area under the curve. DeLong analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the area under ADC, DDC, and Dapp curves. There were strong correlations among ADC, ADCslow, ADCfast, f, α，DDC, Dapp, and Kapp (P<0.001).
Conclusion
Compared with traditional diffusion parameters, the DWI extended model does not showed significant advantages, but α And Kapp could provide additional information for the differentiation of benign and malignant SPL, which may help improve treatment strategies and prognosis.
Comparison of patellar height ratio between different knee flexion angles in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome
Authors: Apivatgaroon Adinun , Jongtaweesathapon Charnchai , Sirisopikun Veerapat , Chernchujit Bancha , Sanguanjit Prakasit 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Patellofemoral height is a measurement to determine the abnormality of the patellofemoral joint. This study aims to find the appropriate knee flexion angle and patella height ratio in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and assess inter- and intra-rater reliability. 27 patellofemoral pain syndrome patients (36 knees) with a sex distribution of 5 males and 22 females, averaging 38.78 ± 11.71 years of age. Lateral knee flexion angles at 0, 30, and 60 degrees were measured in the lateral decubitus position to calculate the patellar height ratio. All parameters (Insall‒Salvati, Modified Insall‒Salvati, Caton-Deschamps, Blackburne-Peel, and knee flexion angle) were significantly higher at 0 degrees than at 30 and 60 degrees of knee flexion. The Caton-Deschamps ratio was also significantly higher at 30 degrees than at 60 degrees of knee flexion. However, all of the patellar height ratios that were significant were not clinically significant. The inter- and intrarater reliability of the patellar height ratios were moderate to good (ICC = 0.506–0.889, 0.667–0.888 as ordered).
Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes among Young Women in Puerto Rico; a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: García Yaritza León , Ruiz Lynnette A. , Calo William A. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Mendoza Adalberto , Cintrón Rosa Vélez 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. High-risk HPV types are the main cause of cervical cancer. Annually, cervical cancer is among the top 10 cancers in Puerto Rican women, with 22% of these cases ending in death. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of high-risk HPV genotypes in a large cohort of young women living in Puerto Rico.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal analysis was performed with a sample of 5,749 HPV results obtained from a clinical database of women ages 21 to 29 from 2014-2016.
Results: Outcomes indicate that among those with a positive HPV result, about one-third (35.2%) had a high-risk HPV infection. Women between the ages of 21 to 23 showed the highest prevalence (40.6%) of high-risk HPV. Among genotypes HPV 16 and 18, genotype 16 was the most prevalent. Interestingly, 85.4% of results were positive for other high-risk HPV types other than 16 or 18. Of the 458 women who had at least two tests completed, 217 had an initial positive result for HPV and only 108 (49.7%) resolved the infection.
Conclusions: This study confirms the high prevalence of several genotypes of high-risk HPV in young women in a large Puerto Rican sample.
Thyroid nodule risk assessment based on neural network text classification method
Authors: Wen Jun , Peng li , Ji Hua 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Thyroid nodules represent a prevalent endocrine disorder, and neck ultrasonography stands as a widely utilized and efficacious diagnostic modality within clinical practice. Sonographers ascertain the malignant tumor risk level by integrating various attributes of thyroid nodule features, including shape, capsule characteristics, aspect ratio, and calcification patterns.To mitigate the potential inadequacies and biases associated with manual assessments, this study introduces a text classification method grounded in deep neural networks to facilitate risk assessment for malignant thyroid nodules based on ultrasound findings. Three distinct classification models, TextCNN, bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and CNN combined with Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), were trained and evaluated using actual ultrasound data samples. Remarkably, the CNN + GRU model exhibited an evaluation accuracy exceeding 95%, underscoring the feasibility and effectiveness of employing neural network-based text classification for thyroid nodule risk assessment through segmental ultrasonography.Furthermore, the experiment's findings underscore that this approach possesses remarkable clinical applicability without reliance on word segmentation techniques or specialized dictionaries.
The 3’-UTR Polymorphisms in the NLRP3 Gene Associated with the Risk of COPD and Their Putative Effects on the microRNA Mechanism
Authors: Yan Wu Hui , Ting Huang Chu , Ling Zhang Yan , Liang Peng , Peng Li Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective Evaluating the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in the 3'UTR region of the miRNAs binding site of the NLRP3 gene and the occurrence and development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and providing information to aid in the early detection and treatment of COPD.
Methods The regulatory SNPs located in NLRP3 3'UTR region were searched by using dbSNP database and miRNA binding site prediction database. Meanwhile, samples from COPD patients and healthy controls in the same period were used for verification. The clinical baseline information of all subjects was collected, and the transcription level and protein expression level of NLRP3 and the expression level of inflammatory factors downstream of NLRP3 were detected. The effects of SNPs single nucleotide changes on the transcription and expression of inflammatory factors were analyzed. Results The study included 418 participants (249 in the COPD group and 169 in the control group). NLRP3 SNPs with miRNA binding sites include rs10754558 (G>C), rs1664774076 (ATAT>-), and rs1664775106 (C>G). Furthermore, two genotypes, GCG and GCA, were discovered to have a linkage mutation at 3'UTR 459-461. COPD susceptibility is tightly associated to the expression of the rs1664774076 -/- genotype, and the risk of COPD increased by 3.4 times (P≤0.0001). Type 459-461 GCA was substantially related with the likelihood of developing COPD at various stages (P<0.05). Except for rs10754558, all homozygous mutants increased NLRP3 mRNA and protein levels. NLRP3 had the greatest area under the ROC curve for predicting the development and diagnosis of COPD when compared to its downstream inflammatory variables (AUC= 0.9291).
Conclusions The NLRP3 rs1664774076 -/- genotype is a COPD susceptibility gene, and the GCA genotype at 459-461 can be used as an early predictor of COPD exacerbation. The NLRP3 3'UTR polymorphism may alter the loss of miRNA binding sites, leading to an increase in NLRP3 expression. In the development of COPD, NLRP3 has a better diagnostic value than traditional inflammatory factors.
Heat-treated and/or lysozyme-treated Enterococcus faecalis (FK-23) improves the progression of renal disease in a unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury rat model
Authors: Takemura Shigekazu , Minamiyama Yukiko , Ito Norihiko , Yamamoto Atsushi , Ichikawa Hiroshi , Nakagawa Kanako , Toyokuni Shinya , Osada-Oka Mayuko , Yoshikawa Toshikazu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing owing to elderly population. Here, we investigated the effects of heat-treated Enterococcus faecalis (FK-23) and lysozyme-treated FK-23 (LFK) on the progression of CKD in rats. A CKD model was established using male Wistar rats by subjecting them to right nephrectomy (1K), followed by ischemia and reperfusion (IR). FK-23 or LFK was fed ad libitum as a mixed diet after right nephrectomy. Animals subjected to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) showed increased plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. Furthermore, in the kidneys, collagen accumulation and α-smooth muscle actin indicative of fibroblast activation, and fibrosis-related gene and protein expression, increased 3 weeks after IRI. FK-23 and LFK suppressed the increase in the mRNA levels of some of these genes. The increase in oxidative stress marker, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and nitrotyrosine in the kidney, as well as increased plasma uremic toxins after IRI were also ameliorated by FK-23 and LFK. Metagenomic analysis of fecal samples revealed that gut microbial alteration caused after IRI was also ameliorated by LFK treatment. These results suggest that Enterococcus faecalis ingredients may improve CKD progression by suppressing oxidative stress and correcting the balance of the intestinal microflora.
Intriguing Warming of Abyssal Waters in the Argentine Basin from January 2019 to January 2023
Authors: Campos Edmo , Rocha Cesar , Piola Alberto , Caspel Mathias van , Sato Olga , Polito Paulo , Chidichimo Maria Paz , Perez Renellys , Dong Shenfu , Bilo; Tiago 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have reported temperature increase of bottom waters in the South Atlantic Ocean at rates of about 2 moC-1. Here we present data indicating four-year warming at rates near the interior of the South Atlantic of up to 17(+/- 0.9) moC-1. The data were sampled from January 2019 to January 2023, at two previously unobserved locations, at 31.13oW and 34.50oS (Site E) and 18.82oW and 34.50oS (Site F). Each mooring was equipped with two independent temperature sensors, one placed 1 m above the seafloor and the other 50 m above. Site E was moored at a nominal depth of 4006 m, under the influence of the Antarctic Bottom Water. Site F was at 3888 m, within a layer influenced by the North Atlantic Deep Water. The data show strong seasonality and significant variability at the semi-diurnal cycle. At both sites, the trends are positive and significant, with the higher rate at the deeper location. Assuming similar surface warming at the convection regions, with the signals being advected to the sampling sites, this could be indicating that climate signals acquired near the surface around Antarctica are reaching the abyssal South Atlantic earlier than those carried by the North Atlantic Deep Water. However, the large spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability of such signals suggest that other local processes are also important in determining the observed temperature variability.
Seismicity acceleration and clustering before the Mw7.9 Gorkha earthquake, Nepal
Authors: Gardonio Blandine , Bollinger Laurent , Laporte Marine , Vergne Jérôme , Lyon-Caen Helene , Adhikari Lok Bijaya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the last decade, several observations of peculiar seismic and geodetic phases preceding large earthquakes have been documented. Despite being a-posteriori, these observations provide a better understanding of the processes involved in the nucleation of earthquakes. In this study, we investigate the foreshocks and pre-seismic phase of the large Mw7.9 25 April 2015, Gorkha-Nepal earthquake by applying a matched-filter technique on the nucleation zone of the mainshock. We use the seismic signals of 1800 local earthquakes and the continuous signal recorded at the nearest station for the 6 years preceding the mainshock. The pre-seismic phase depicts a long-term increase of seismicity rate and several bursts of micro-earthquakes. The longest swarm occurs one month before the Gorkha earthquake, lasts one week and consists of 38 repetitive earthquakes located at the north western edge of the rupture zone. It is followed by another increase in seismicity rate which starts six days before the mainshock and includes small foreshocks that develop at less than 10 kilometers from the future earthquake hypocenter. These observations suggest that the Gorkha earthquake was preceded by a pre-seismic phase related to a potential initiation of a slow slip with fluids implicated at the northwestern boundary of the rupture zone.
Increase in PEG-asparaginase clearance as a predictor for inactivation in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Albertsen Birgitte , Dam Merete , Centanni Maddalena , Friberg Lena , Centanni Daniel , Karlsson Mats , Lynggaard Line Stensig , Johannsdottir Inga Maria , Wik Hilde , Malmros Johan , Vaitkeviciene Goda , Griskevicius Laimonas , Hallböök Helene , Jonsson Olafur , Overgaard Ulrik , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Nygaard Stefan , Heyman Mats 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Asparaginase is an essential component of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy, yet its associated toxicities often lead to treatment discontinuation, increasing the risk of relapse. Hypersensitivity reactions include clinical allergies, silent inactivation, or allergy-like responses. We hypothesized that even moderate increases in asparaginase clearance are related to later inactivation. We therefore explored mandatory monitoring of asparaginase enzyme activity (AEA) in patients with ALL aged 1–45 years treated according to the ALLTogether pilot protocol in the Nordic and Baltic countries to relate mean AEA to inactivation, to build a pharmacokinetic model to better characterize the pharmacokinetics of PEG-asparaginase and assess whether an increased clearance relates to subsequent inactivation. The study analysed 1 631 real-time AEA samples from 253 patients, identifying inactivation in 18.2% of the patients. This inactivation presented as mild allergy (28.3%), severe allergy (50.0%), or silent inactivation (21.7%). A pharmacokinetic transit compartment model was used to describe AEA-time profiles, revealing that 93% of patients with inactivation exhibited prior increased clearance, whereas 86% of patients without hypersensitivity maintained stable clearance throughout asparaginase treatment. These findings enable prediction of inactivation and options for either dose increments or a shift to alternative asparaginase formulations to optimize ALL treatment strategies.
Application of AZ compound as a bio-desalination and a bio-treatment of saline wastewater
Authors: Marei Eman M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the ability of *AZ-1 compound as a biological compound to treat saline wastewater as a new technique to bio-desalination and bio-treatment of saline wastewater. The bio-treatment experimental work of collected saline wastewater samples showed that, the percentages of removal rate were found to be 81.10% for biological oxygen demand (BOD), 83.22% for chemical oxygen demand (COD), 45.71% for ammonia nitrogen and 95.77% for phosphate due to using 1 compound. As a result of using 1 compound high bio-removal of different heavy metals were found to reach 80.7% for Al ion, 70.6% for Fe ion, 64.5% for Mn ion, 61.5% B ion, 80.4% V ion and Zn 58.1% ion was achieved after 24 hrs. Moreover, higher reduction in percentage of total dissolved solids (TDS) up to 45.00% was recorded after 24 hrs. due to application of 1 compound. * AZ compound is a biological compound, safe for the environment and economical in cost. This compound is now under international registration.
Magnetotelluric sampling theorem
Authors: Utada Hisashi , Rung-Arunwan Tawat , Siripunvaraporn Weerachai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

We consider a general case of an Magnetotelluric (MT) study to reveal threedimensional (3-D) distribution of the electrical conductivity within the Earth based on measurements of electromagnetic (EM) fields by a two-dimensional (2-D) array. Such an MT array observation can be regarded as a spatially discrete sampling of the MT responses (impedances), and each observation site can be regarded as a sampling point. This means that MT array measurements must follow the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem. This paper discusses how the sampling theorem is applied to MT array studies and what kinds of consideration is required in the application on the basis of synthetic model calculations, with special attention to spatial resolutions. With an aid of the EM scattering theory and the sampling theorem, we can show that an observation array resolves some features of the MT impedance but does not others. We call the resolvable and unresolvable features the MT signal and noise, respectively. This study introduces the spatial Fourier transform of array MT data (impedances) which helps us investigating effects of lateral heterogeneity from a different angle (in the wavenumber domain). Shallow heterogeneities cause a sharp spatial change of impedance elements near structural boundaries. High wavenumber Fourier components are required to describe such a sharp boundary, which means the site spacing has to be sufficiently short to resolve such features. Otherwise, a set of array MT data will suffer from aliasing, which is one of the typical causes of MT distortion (MT geologic noise). It is shown by synthetic modelling study why MT imaging using heavily distorted impedances is difficult. A signal due to a deep-seated conductivity anomaly will have more reduced amplitude at higher wavenumbers, which means focused imaging of such an anomaly is generally difficult. Finally, it is suggested to properly consider the sampling theorem in an observation array design so as to have best performance in resolving MT signals.
Optimal Design for Flax and Glass Fibre-Reinforced Hybrid Composites
Authors: Dong Chensong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a study on the optimal design for the hybrid composite reinforced by random flax and woven glass fibre fabrics under flexural loading. The flexural properties are evaluated through Finite Element Analysis (FEA)-based simulation. Using the data from FEA-based simulation, regression models are developed to establish the correlation between the flexural strength and the fibre volume fractions. Subsequently, multi-objective optimisation is conducted using the developed regression models, with the primary objectives of minimising both cost and weight while adhering to the constraint of maintaining the minimum required flexural strength.