bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating serial cross‐correlation in real estate returns
Authors: Brown Gerald R. , Ong Seow‐Eng 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAppraisal smoothing understates the true volatility of real estate returns, and consequently affects asset allocation decisions. The high level of smoothing observed in commercial property index returns can be shown to be largely influenced by the effect of serial cross‐correlation. This paper examines this phenomenon by analysing the time series properties of a sample of individual property returns using the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model. The autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model, proposed by Engle (1982) and Bollerslev (1986), is used to characterize time series data that exhibits clustering in the residuals. The time‐varying conditional variance in ARCH models is often used as a measure of intertemporal risk. We use this property to analyse the cross‐correlation coefficients of a sample of properties. Our results suggest that there is positive skewness in the serial cross‐correlations. This is consistent with a process that would generate high serial correlation at the index level. We demonstrate that serial cross‐correlation can be used as a proxy of the proportion of sticky values in an index. The results indicate that serial cross‐correlation is time varying and positively skewed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The determinants of voluntary investment decisions
Authors: Chapple Wendy , Cooke Andrew , Galt Vaughan , Paton David 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper analyses investments by firms into areas of corporate social responsibility, focussing on the decision by firms whether or not to invest in compliance with voluntary environmental standards. Theoretical predictions of the compliance decision are tested using discrete time survival analysis on a large dataset of UK manufacturing firms. The rate of voluntary compliance is found to have increased since the introduction of the International Standards Organization (ISO) scheme. Further, voluntary compliance is found to be negatively associated with rates of return and industry share, and positively associated with capital intensity and industry export intensity. In contrast to theoretical predictions on corporate social responsibility, there is no evidence that investment in intangible assets, either at the firm or the industry level, is positively associated with the compliance decision. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late‐Onset neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1: Expanding the clinical spectrum
Authors: Racette Brad A. , Perry Arie , D'Avossa Giovanni , Perlmutter Joel S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe report on two patients with pathologically proven neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1 (NBIA‐1) with late onset and atypical presentations. One patient experienced gradual onset of shuffling gait, rigidity, bradykinesia, and increasing postural instability at age 85 years. He died a few weeks after developing acute hemiballismus at age 90 years. Histopathology revealed marked neuronal loss in the internal segment of the globus pallidum, astrocytosis, axonal spheroids, and extensive iron deposition consistent with NBIA‐1. No additional lesions were found to explain the hemiballismus. The second patient experienced fulminant dementia evolving to total disability and death within 2 months. Autopsy showed typical NBIA‐1 pathology. We conclude that NBIA‐1 pathology can develop at any age, and that the phenotype should be expanded to include late‐onset parkinsonism. The relationship to hemiballismus and adult‐onset dementia is less clear. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Impact of Huntington's disease on quality of life
Authors: Helder D.I. , Kaptein A.A. , van Kempen G.M.J. , van Houwelingen J.C. , Roos R.A.C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to systematically assess the impact of Huntington's disease (HD) on patients' health‐related quality of life (QOL). Seventy‐seven patients with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of HD were interviewed by means of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). Additional data were gathered on patients' motor performance by means of the motor section of the Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS), and cognitive performance by means of the Mini‐Mental State (MMS). Patients had high scores on the SIP subscales, indicating moderate to severe functional impairment. Total Motor Score (TMS), MMS scores, and the duration of HD were significantly correlated with patients' scores on the SIP, and predicted a significant amount of variance of the Physical Dimension of the SIP, but not of the Psychosocial Dimension. We conclude that HD has a great impact on patients' physical and psychosocial well‐being, the latter being more severely affected. Implications for further research and clinical practice are discussed. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Chronic L‐DOPA administration is not toxic to the remaining dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons, but instead may promote their functional recovery, in rats with partial 6‐OHDA or FeCl3 nigrostriatal lesions
Authors: Datla Krishna P. , Blunt Stavia B. , Dexter David T. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this study, we have examined the effects of chronic L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) administration on the remaining dopaminergic neurons in rats with 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) or buffered FeCl3 partial lesions to the nigrostriatal tract. L‐DOPA administration increased the turnover of dopamine in the striatum. L‐DOPA administration for 1 week produced an increase in the level of striatal RTI‐121 binding, a specific marker for dopamine uptake sites on the dopaminergic nerve terminals in the striatum. However, longer periods of L‐DOPA treatment decreased the level of RTI‐121 binding in the striatum. In the partial 6‐OHDA lesion model, L‐DOPA treatment had a time‐dependent effect on the number of neurons demonstrating a dopaminergic phenotype i.e., neurons that are tyrosine hyrdoxylase (TH)‐immunopositive, on the lesioned side of the brain. In the first few weeks of treatment, L‐DOPA decreased the number of TH‐positive neurons but with long‐term treatment, i.e., 24 weeks, L‐DOPA increased the number of neurons demonstrating a dopaminergic phenotype. Even in the buffered FeCl3 infusion model, where the levels of iron were increased, L‐DOPA treatment did not have any detrimental effects on the number of TH‐positive neurons on the lesioned side of the brain. Consequently, chronic L‐DOPA treatment does not have any detrimental effects to the remaining dopaminergic neurons in rats with partial lesions to the nigrostriatal tract; indeed in the 6‐OHDA lesion model, long‐term L‐DOPA may increase the number of neurons, demonstrating a dopaminergic phenotype. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Comorbidity of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Shulman Lisa M. , Taback Robin Leifert , Bean Judy , Weiner William J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMany patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have clinically significant anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, or sensory symptoms. The comorbidity of these nonmotor symptoms and their relationship to PD severity has not been extensively evaluated. Ninety‐ nine nondemented PD patients were evaluated with the following battery of tests: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a sensory symptom questionnaire, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn & Yahr (H/Y) Stage, and the Schwab & England ADL scale (S/E). The comorbidity of the nonmotor symptoms and their relationship to PD severity was analyzed. Thirty‐six percent of the study population had depression (BDI ≥10), 33% had anxiety (BAI ≥10), 40% had fatigue (FSS > 4), 47% had sleep disturbance (PSQI > 5), and 63% reported sensory symptoms. Only 12% of the sample had no nonmotor symptoms. Fifty‐nine percent of the patients had two or more nonmotor symptoms, and nearly 25% had four or more. Increased comorbidity was associated with greater PD severity (P < 001). This study reveals that the nonmotor symptoms of PD frequently occur together in the same patients. Increased comorbidity of the five nonmotor symptoms was associated with greater PD severity. These results suggest that recognition of these diverse nonmotor symptoms may be enhanced by looking for others when one nonmotor symptom has been identified. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Severe dysphagia after botulinum toxin injection for cervical dystonia in multiple system atrophy
Authors: Thobois S. , Broussolle E. , Toureille L. , Vial C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA 71‐year‐old woman was treated by botulinum toxin (BTX) type A injections for cervical dystonia related to a multiple system atrophy (MSA). A few days later and persisting for the next 4 months, she developed a severe dysphagia, requiring nasogastric feeding. This implicates cautious use of BTX in a case of MSA.
Unilateral periodic limb movements during sleep in corticobasal degeneration
Authors: Iriarte Jorge , Alegre Manuel , Arbizu Javier , de Castro Purificación 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPeriodic limb movements in sleep (PLM) have been associated with several degenerative disorders and other focal or diffuse diseases. We present a patient with clinical diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration and sleep complaints, in whom video recording and polygraphic study confirmed the presence of right PLM. The unilaterality of the movements and the positron emission tomography findings (hypometabolism in the left frontoparietal, basal ganglia, and thalamic areas) suggest that the loss of inhibitory descending central pathways, with origin in the cortex or basal ganglia, may be involved in the pathogenesis of PLM. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Progression of dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism: A longitudinal β‐CIT SPECT study
Authors: Pirker Walter , Djamshidian Schiva , Asenbaum Susanne , Gerschlager Willibald , Tribl Gotthard , Hoffmann Martha , Brücke Thomas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAtypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS) such as multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration are characterized by poor response to antiparkinsonian medication and rapid clinical deterioration. We used SPECT and [123I]β‐CIT as a label of dopamine transporters to study the progression of presynaptic dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) and APS. Twenty‐four PD patients with short disease duration (2.4 ± 1.5 years), 12 PD patients with long disease duration (9.2 ± 2.6 years), 10 patients with APS (disease duration 2.1 ± 1.5 years), and nine patients with essential tremor (ET) underwent sequential [123I]β‐CIT SPECT imaging with an interval of 25.5 ± 10.3 (13–63) months. The age‐related decline of striatal β‐CIT binding was studied cross‐sectionally in 30 healthy subjects. The ratio of striatum/cerebellum −1 at 20 hours after tracer injection, reflecting specific‐to‐nondisplaceable binding, was used as the primary SPECT outcome measure. At scan 1, striatal β‐CIT binding was reduced in PD patients with short disease duration (−42% compared with age‐corrected normal values) and long disease duration (−51%), and APS (−36%), but normal in ET. During the observation period striatal β‐CIT binding significantly declined in patients with APS (14.9% per year) and short duration PD (7.1% per year), whereas PD patients with long disease duration and patients with ET showed no significant change of striatal β‐CIT binding between scans 1 and 2. The relative annual reduction from age‐corrected normal values at the time of scan 1 was significantly higher in patients with APS than in PD patients with short disease duration (9.6 vs. 4.3%, P = 0.004). These results demonstrate a rapid decline of striatal β‐CIT binding in patients with atypical parkinsonian syndromes, exceeding the reduction in PD. The dopaminergic degeneration in PD appears to slow down during the course of the disease. SPECT with [123I]β‐CIT is a sensitive marker of disease progression in parkinsonian disorders. © 2001 Movement Disorder Society.
Existence and uniform decay for a non‐linear viscoelastic equation with strong damping
Authors: Cavalcanti M. M. , Domingos Cavalcanti V. N. , Ferreira J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the non‐linear viscoelastic equation

We prove global existence of weak solutions. Furthermore, uniform decay rates of the energy are obtained assuming a strong damping Δut acting in the domain and provided the relaxation function decays exponentially. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the denseness of Herglotz wave functions and electromagnetic Herglotz pairs in Sobolev spaces
Authors: Colton David , Kress Rainer 
Published: August 2002

AbstractLet D⊂ℝ3 be a bounded domain with connected boundary δD of class C2. It is shown that Herglotz wave functions are dense in the space of solutions to the Helmholtz equation with respect to the norm in H1(D) and that the electric fields of electromagnetic Herglotz pairs are dense in the space of solutions to curl curl E=k2E with respect to the norm in Hcurl(D). Two proofs are given in each case, one based on the denseness of the traces of Herglotz wave functions on δD and the other on variational methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of a surface energy term on the distribution of phases in an elastic medium with a two‐well elastic potential
Authors: Bildhauer Michael , Fuchs Martin , Osmolovskii Victor 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe consider the problem of minimizingamong functionsu:ℝd⊃Ω→ℝd,u∣∂Ω=0, and measurable subsetsEof Ω. Herefh+,f−denote quadratic potentials defined on Ω¯×{symmetricd×dmatrices},his the minimum energy offh+andε(u) is the symmetric gradient of the displacement fieldu. An equilibrium stateû,ÊofJ(u,E) is called one‐phase ifE=∅︁ orE=Ω, two‐phase otherwise. For two‐phase states,σ∣∂E∩Ω∣ measures the effect of the separating surface, and we investigate the way in which the distribution of phases is affected by the choice of the parametershϵℝ,σ>0. Additional results concern the smoothness of two‐phase equilibrium states and the behaviour of infJ(u,E) in the limitσ↓0. Moreover, we discuss the case of additional volume force potentials, and extend the previous results to non‐zero boundary values. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
U‐patch antenna loaded by complex substrates for multifrequency operation
Authors: Bilotti Filiberto , Vegni Lucio , Alù Andrea 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, the analysis of patch antennas with U‐shaped metalization loaded by bianisotropic media is developed. A theoretical study is performed to obtain transmission‐line equations for bianisotropic materials, and then a method‐of‐lines (MoL) procedure is applied to obtain the radiative characteristics. Presented results assure, for particular patch dimensions and feed application geometry, a multifrequency operation in the microwave range, even for isotropic substrates. The application of bianisotropic materials gives better performances for bandwidth and input impedance at the central frequency, but degrades other frequency operation performances. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 3–5, 2002.
Systematic design of resonant microstrip sensors with sensitive coating
Authors: Pawlak H. , Jannsen B. , Jacob A. F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA parameter study of multilayered sensor structures is presented. These consist of planar microwave resonators coated with a thin, sensitive membrane. The influence of the various layers on the sensor characteristics is studied, and design rules are formulated. Two sensors with a moisture‐sensitive coating are realized. The experimental results confirm the simulation. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 21–25, 2002.
Resonances in the Bragg regimes of axially excited, chiral sculptured thin films
Authors: Lakhtakia Akhlesh , Hodgkinson Ian J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Bragg wavelength regime of an axially excited, chiral sculptured thin film is shown to contain resonances of electric, magnetic, and mixed types. The resonance wavelengths initially change rapidly, but later stabilize, with respect to the film thickness. The center wavelength of the Bragg regime is unlikely to be resonant. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 43–46, 2002.
The irregularly shaped patch as a perturbation of a regularly shaped patch
Authors: Sun Yuxuan , Chow Y. L. , Fang D. G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA rapid and accurate approach is developed to solve the response of an irregularly shaped patch. This approach is based on the observation that the actual irregularly shaped patch can usually be taken as a perturbation of a regularly shaped patch. The steps of the approach are: 1) ideal regular patch (square), 2) irregular patch (corner cut), 3) add fringe field perturbation, and 4) Cauchy's interpretation. Results with less than 0.3% error in resonant frequency are obtained. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 70–74, 2001.
Two special notes on the implementation of the unconditionally stable ADI‐FDTD method
Authors: Zhao An Ping 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this article two special considerations or notes on the implementation of the alternating direction implicit finite‐difference–time‐domain (ADI‐FDTD) method are discussed. In particular, the two notes are (a) the mathematical algorithm used to solve the tridiagonal matrix equation, and (b) the way to apply the excitation. First, it is found that the ADI‐FDTD method is not always stable if the algorithm (for solving the tridiagonal matrix equation) proposed in the book Numerical Recipes in C is adopted. Consequently, a simple, efficient, and stable mathematical algorithm for solving the tridiagonal matrix equation of the ADI‐FDTD method is presented. Second, it is demonstrated that, to obtain more accurate results for all the field components, the excitation function should be applied to both the first subiteration and the second subiteration, rather than forced in the first subiteration only. The theory proposed in this article is validated through numerical examples. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 273–277, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10295
Very high broadband electromagnetic characterization method of film‐shaped materials using coplanar
Authors: Hinojosa J. , Lmimouni K. , Lepilliet S. , Dambrine G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA very high broadband method for determining the electromagnetic properties of isotropic film‐shaped materials, which uses coplanar lines as cells, is presented. The material tested is the coplanar line substrate. The complex properties are computed from S‐parameter measurements of coplanar cells propagating the dominant mode and using analytical relationships, which decrease the computation time. Vector network analyzers and high‐quality on‐coplanar test fixtures are used for the measurement bench. Measurements for several dielectric materials in the 0.05–110 GHz frequency range show good agreements between measured and predicted data. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 33: 352–355, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10319
NMR analysis of mono‐ and difructosyllactosucrose synthesized by 1F‐fructosyltransferase purified from roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)
Authors: Yamamori Akira , Fukushi Eri , Onodera Shuichi , Kawabata Jun , Shiomi Norio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTwo novel oligosaccharides, mono‐ and difructosyllactosucrose {[O‐β‐D‐fructofuranosyl‐(2 → 1)]n‐β‐D‐fructofuranosyl‐O‐[β‐D‐galactopyranosyl‐(1 → 4)]‐α‐D‐glucopyranoside, n = 1 and 2} were synthesized using 1F‐fructosyltransferase purified form roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). Their 1H and 13C NMR spectra were assigned using several NMR techniques. The spectral analysis was started from two anomeric methines of aldose units, galactose and glucose, since they showed separate characteristic signals in their 1H and 13C NMR spectra. After assignments of all the 1H and 13C signals of two units of aldose, they were discriminated as galactose and glucose using proton–proton coupling constants. The HMBC spectrum revealed the galactose residue attached to C‐4 of glucose, fructose residue attached to the C‐1 of glucose, and further fructosyl fructose linkage extended from the glucosyl fructose residues. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA spatial distribution in unfertilized human oocytes by confocal laser scanning microscope
Authors: Pitsos M.A. , Nicolopoulou‐Stamati P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the DNA spatial distribution in unfertilized human oocytes by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). One hundred and forty unfertilized oocytes after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and one hundred and three after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were studied. The chromatin was stained with chromomycin A3 (CA3) initially and at a second step with propidium iodide, allowing the observation of the deprotaminated sperm heads in the ooplasm. CLSM offered the opportunity for studying the three‐dimensional position of the spermatozoon in the oocyte and the description of the status of the maternal and paternal chromatin. For each of the IVF and ICSI group of unfertilized oocytes, subgroups were performed according to the status of the maternal and paternal chromatin. The maternal chromosomes were either aligned at metaphase II or disarrayed at metaphase II, and the sperm head was either condensed or swollen/decondensed. Few oocytes were activated and formed a pronucleus. The spatial approaching between paternal and maternal chromatin was calculated for all subgroups of unfertilized oocytes and the distances were compared among them. There was no statistical difference in the distance between the spermatozoon and the maternal chromatin among subgroups of the IVF group, while statistical differences occurred among subgroups of the ICSI group. The spermatozoa in the IVF group approached maternal chromatin more than those in the ICSI group. Movement of the spermatozoon into the oocyte and chromatin remodeling for the formation of pronucleus seem to occur independently and are possibly directed by different mechanisms. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 368–374, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.