bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of adhesion molecule expression in liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury is associated with impaired hepatic parenchymal microcirculation
Authors: El-Wahsh M , Seifalian A M , Fuller B J , Rolles K , Davidson B R 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackgroundActivated neutrophils may be important mediators in liver ischaemia–reperfusion injury (I/R). Adhesion of leucocytes to the endothelial cell surface is a result of activation of cell adhesion molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of I/R on the hepatic microcirculation (HM) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) 1 expression.MethodsFour groups of six Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy for liver exposure. Group 1 acted as controls, and groups 2–4 underwent partial liver ischaemia for 30, 45 and 60 min respectively followed by reperfusion for 60 min. Flow in the HM was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. Liver biopsies were taken at the end of the reperfusion period. ICAM-1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (graded 0–3).ResultsMean flow in the HM was significantly reduced with I/R (mean(s.e.m.) red cell flux 140(21), 52(3) and 43(2) with 30, 45 and 60 min ischaemia compared with control 230(17); all P &lt; 0·001). ICAM-1 expression was significantly induced (mean(s.e.m.) 1·30(0·21), 2·50(0·22) and 2·80(0·17) with 30, 45 and 60 min ischaemia versus control 0·50(0·22); all P &lt; 0·001).ConclusionI/R produced a significant upregulation of ICAM-1 expression which correlated with impaired flow in the HM.
Stereoselectivity in formation of oxacephams from 1,3‐alkylidene‐threitols
Authors: Borsuk Katarzyna , Grzeszczyk Barbara , Szczukiewicz Patrycja , Przykorska Beata , Frelek Jadwiga , Chmielewski Marek 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe [2+2]cycloaddition of CSI to the (Z)‐propenyl ethers derived from respective 1,3‐methylidene‐ and 1,3‐ethylidene‐threitols, contrary to the corresponding erythritol derivatives, is characterized by a low stereoselectivity and a lack of stereospecificity. On the other hand, the alternative method of the oxacepham formation, based on the 4‐vinyloxy‐azetidinone, proceeds with an excellent stereoselectivity. The CD‐spectroscopy offers an attractive tool for determination of the absolute configuration of the bridgehead carbon atom at the 5‐oxacepham skeleton. Chirality 16:414–421, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy among men with normal preoperative serum prostate‐specific antigen levels
Authors: Freedland Stephen J. , Aronson William J. , Kane Christopher J. , Terris Martha K. , Presti Joseph C. , Trock Bruce , Amling Christopher L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent studies have shown that a significant number of men with normal prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels have prostate carcinoma. Whether malignancies in such men are associated with better outcomes is unclear. The authors compared the risk of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) between men with normal PSA levels and men with elevated PSA levels.METHODSData were examined from 1582 men who underwent RP between 1988 and 2002 at 1 of 5 equal‐access medical centers. Patients were segregated into groups based on serum PSA levels (with stratification according to age‐specific reference ranges). Clinical and pathologic characteristics and biochemical outcome data were compared across groups using analyses of variance, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards analysis.RESULTSMen who had normal PSA levels had significantly fewer high‐grade tumors compared with men who had higher PSA levels (P < 0.001). The former group had a significantly decreased incidence of positive surgical margins, extracapsular disease, seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node involvement (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only serum PSA level (P < 0.001) and biopsy Gleason score (P < 0.001) predicted the time to disease recurrence. When only men with serum PSA levels < 10 ng/mL were examined, PSA level treated as a continuous variable remained a significant predictor of time to biochemical failure (P = 0.02).CONCLUSIONSMen who had normal PSA levels had significantly fewer high‐grade tumors and significantly better biochemical outcomes after undergoing RP compared with men who had elevated PSA levels. Overall, men with normal PSA levels who undergo RP represent a favorable risk group. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Pilot study of high‐dose, concurrent biochemotherapy for advanced melanoma
Authors: Kim Kevin B. , Eton Omar , East Mary Jo , Hodges Cynthia , Papadopoulos Nicholas E. , Grimm Elizabeth A. , Bedikian Agop Y. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDDurable complete response rates ranging from 5% to 20% have been reported in association with biochemotherapy for patients with metastatic melanoma, with response rates on the low end of this range being observed in trials that used lower doses and less intense treatment schedules. In the current study, the authors addressed the feasibility of increasing the doses of agents used in concurrent biochemotherapy.METHODSThree patients with metastatic melanoma were enrolled at each of six concurrent biochemotherapy dose levels. The doses were as follows: dacarbazine 800 mg/m2 or 1000 mg/m2 (Day 1); cisplatin 25 mg/m2 or 30 mg/m2 (Days 1–4); vinblastine 1.6 mg/m2 or 1.8 mg/m2 (Days 1–5); interleukin‐2 9 million units (MU) per m2 or 12 MU/m2 as a 24‐hour continuous infusion (Days 1–4); and interferon‐alpha‐2b 5 MU/m2, 10 MU/m2, or 15 MU/m2 (Days 1–5) and 5 MU/m2 (Days 7, 9, and 11) administered subcutaneously.RESULTSOf the 19 patients who were enrolled, 18 were evaluable for toxicity and response. Sixty‐nine treatment courses were administered in total (median, 4 courses per patient; range, 1–6 courses per patient), with reduction of the dose of at least 1 agent being required in 7 courses (10%). Twenty‐six courses were delayed by a median of 7 days (range, 3–29 days), with interferon‐alpha‐2b administration frequently omitted because of thrombocytopenia, most often after Day 5. Blood product support was required in 40 courses. Dose‐limiting toxic effects included global encephalopathy, renal and hepatic dysfunction, pancreatitis, and ileus. There was 1 complete response, and there were 10 partial responses. The median time to disease progression was 6.9 months, and the median survival duration was 12.2 months.CONCLUSIONSAlthough dose intensification can be achieved safely in patients with advanced melanoma, other strategies should be pursued to enhance the clinical activity of biochemotherapy as a response induction regimen. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Brain metastases of malignant germ cell tumors in children and adolescents
Authors: Spunt Sheri L. , Walsh Michael F. , Krasin Matthew J. , Helton Kathleen J. , Billups Catherine A. , Cain Alvida M. , Pappo Alberto S. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDBrain metastases of pediatric germ cell tumors are uncommon, and there is limited information regarding their incidence, clinical presentation, response to treatment, and influence on survival.METHODSThe authors reviewed the experience with brain metastases from pediatric germ cell tumors at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (Memphis, TN) over a 40‐year period.RESULTSBetween March 1962 and February 2002, 16 of 206 patients with germ cell tumors (7.8%) had brain metastases at the time of initial presentation (n = 2), later in the course of the illness (n = 12), or at autopsy (n = 2). Twelve of 16 patients (75%) had symptoms referable to the brain (nausea/emesis, headaches, or seizures), and 14 (88%) had pulmonary metastases at the time brain metastases were identified. Patients with brain metastases were more likely to have an extragonadal primary tumor (P = 0.013), advanced‐stage disease at initial presentation (P = 0.016), and choriocarcinoma within the primary tumor (P < 0.001). The incidence of brain metastases was significantly lower in the second 2 decades of the study period (5 of 135 patients [3.7%]) than in the first 2 decades (11 of 71 patients [15.5%]; P = 0.005). Two of the 16 patients in the current study are long‐term survivors.CONCLUSIONSBrain metastases are uncommon in childhood germ cell tumors, and their incidence appears to be decreasing. In the current study, most patients with such metastases were symptomatic and had pulmonary metastases at the time brain metastases were identified. Patients with the highest risk of developing brain metastases include those with extragonadal tumors, those with high disease stage at initial presentation, and those with choriocarcinoma as a component of the primary tumor. The probability of survival is poor, although a small proportion of patients may become long‐term survivors. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
The incidence of testicular recurrence in boys with acute leukemia treated with total body and testicular irradiation and stem cell transplantation
Authors: Quaranta Brian P. , Halperin Edward C. , Kurtzberg Joanne , Clough Robert , Martin Paul L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe incidence of testicular recurrence of childhood acute leukemia after total body irradiation (TBI) in conjunction with stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been reported to be as high as 24%. The authors studied the incidence of testicular failure in a large series of male patients who underwent SCT using either TBI and a testicular irradiation boost or chemotherapy alone.METHODSOne hundred thirty‐one boys with either acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated with SCT with either TBI with testicular boost (n= 94 patients), TBI without testicular boost (n= 1 patient), or chemotherapy alone (n= 36 patients) between 1991 and 1999.RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 26.5 months (range, 0.6–99.5 months) from the date of bone marrow infusion. Two patients in the study had a primary testicular failure after TBI with testicular boost followed by an umbilical cord blood transplantation. The first patient had ALL, did not engraft, and was rescued with autologous cells. He developed disease in the testicle 15 months afterward and subsequently died. The second patient had Philadelphia chromosome‐positive ALL and developed a testicular recurrence 26 months after SCT. He was treated with orchiectomy, further testicular irradiation, and chemotherapy and remained in complete remission > 3 year after his failure. The incidence of testicular failure in boys who received TBI and testicular irradiation who survived ≥ 1 year was 4.2%. There were no primary testicular failures reported in boys who received chemotherapy alone.CONCLUSIONSBoys with AML or ALL had a low incidence of primary testicular failure when they were treated with TBI plus a testicular boost or with chemotherapy alone. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Prostate needle biopsies
Authors: Poulos Chistopher K. , Daggy Joanne K. , Cheng Liang 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDTumor volume is one of the most powerful predictors of patient outcome in prostatic adenocarcinoma. It is uncertain as to which preoperative variables are most predictive of final tumor volume at radical prostatectomy, especially among patients who have had positive biopsies at multiple biopsy sites. The current study attempted to identify the biopsy variables that are most predictive of final tumor volume.METHODSThe authors examined prostate biopsy specimens from 151 consecutive patients with at least 2 positive biopsy sites. The following data were collected: highest percentage of adenocarcinoma at any biopsy site, percentage of adenocarcinoma at the biopsy site with the highest Gleason score, highest percentage of cores positive for adenocarcinoma at any biopsy site, percentage of positive cores with carcinoma at the site with the highest Gleason score, number of positive sites, tumor bilaterality, and percentage of biopsy sites positive for disease. All patients underwent radical prostatectomy. The prostatectomy specimens were entirely embedded and whole mounted. Tumor volume was measured using the grid method. Logarithmic transformation was applied to tumor volumes for the purposes of the analysis.RESULTSHighest percentage of adenocarcinoma at any biopsy site (P = 0.012), percentage of adenocarcinoma at the biopsy site with the highest Gleason score (P = 0.021), number of positive biopsy sites (P = 0.026), tumor bilaterality (P = 0.008), and percentage of biopsy sites positive for disease (P = 0.0001) all were significant predictors of tumor volume on linear regression analysis. Highest percentage of cores positive for adenocarcinoma (P = 0.081) and percentage of positive cores with carcinoma at the site with the highest Gleason score (P = 0.240) were not significant predictors of tumor volume. Based on the model F statistic, percentage of biopsy sites positive for tumor, tumor bilaterality, and highest percentage of adenocarcinoma at any biopsy site were the variables that were most predictive of tumor volume.CONCLUSIONSHighest percentage of adenocarcinoma at any biopsy site, percentage of adenocarcinoma at the biopsy site with the highest Gleason score, number of positive biopsy sites, tumor bilaterality, and percentage of biopsy sites positive for disease all are useful preoperative predictors of tumor volume in radical prostatectomy specimens. Although these preoperative biopsy parameters were significant in linear regression models, none was sufficient as a single predictor of tumor volume. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Ruthenium‐Mediated C−C Coupling Reactions of Alkynes − The Key Role of Ruthenacyclopentatriene Complexes
Authors: Schmid Roland , Kirchner Karl 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis review describes the highlights of the reactions of the substitutionally labile neutral pseudo 14VE complexes RuCp′(COD)Cl (Cp′ = Cp, Cp*; COD = 1,5‐cyclooctadiene) and the cationic complexes [CpRu(CH3CN)2L]+ and [Ru(η5‐C5H4CH2CH2‐κ1P‐PPh2)]+ with alkynes. The ligand L is a co‐ligand, whose nature turns out to be critical to the outcome of the reaction, and varies from halides to tertiary phosphanes, tertiary stibines, CO, and acetonitrile. Along these lines vast and diversified varieties of rearrangements within and between molecules ligated to the transition‐metal center has been discovered. A crucial role in all reactions reported is the intermediacy of electrophilic ruthenacyclopentatriene complexes, an entity featuring a biscarbene functionality. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
A Structural Study of Bisphosphonate Metal Complexes − Three New Polymeric Structures of the Calcium Complex of Clodronic Acid
Authors: Kontturi Mervi , Peräniemi Sirpa , Vepsäläinen Jouko J. , Ahlgrén Markku 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThree novel calcium complexes of clodronic acid were prepared and their structures determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometry. Previously, a monomeric structure, [Ca{Cl2C(PO3H)2}(H2O)5] (1), has been determined, but the new structures are polymeric: [{Ca2[Cl2C(PO3)2](H2O)6}·4.5H2O]n (2), [{Ca2Na0.5[Cl2C(PO3)2](H2O)8}Cl0.5·4H2O]n (3) and [{Ca5[Cl2C(PO3)2]2(H2O)15}(NO3)2·1.5H2O]n (4); and they provide new, important information about the binding abilities of clodronic acid. Compounds 2−4 crystallise in the triclinic crystal system, the space group being P$\bar 1$
with Z = 2. Compound 2 consists of Ca atoms and Cl2MBP ligands connected to one‐dimensional chains. The chains are held together by hydrogen bonds formed by aqua ligands and lattice water molecules. The structure of 3 consists of similar calcium clodronate chains forming two‐dimensional layers through additional, six‐coordinate Na atoms. Compound 4 consists of two‐dimensional calcium clodronate layers, the calcium atoms are connected by Cl2MBP− and aqua ligands. The nitrate groups and lattice water molecules lie between the layers and hold them together. The layered compounds 3 and 4 reveal substantial porosity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Selection of sampling units under a correlated population based on the eigensystem of the population covariance matrix
Authors: Chao Chang‐Tai 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFor the prediction problem in survey sampling under a finite population,nsampling units are selected out ofNpopulation units and observed to predict the population quantity of interest. For a correlated spatial population, one can obtain lower prediction mean‐square error with careful sampling arrangement of the sampling sites. For example, a systematic design can be used to select samples for better prediction results. However, it is only effective under certain population covariance structures. For more general cases, the optimal sampling strategies proposed by different authors in the past can be used to select the optimal sample with which the mean‐square error can be minimized. Nevertheless, the computational load can be very intensive, and also the optimization algorithm used is not easy to implement. In addition, the exact population distribution has to be assumed. Two sampling methods, that are based on the eigensystem of the population covariance matrix, are proposed in this article. These sampling methods require fewer population assumptions and the sampling procedures are straightforward. No computationally intensive algorithm is required. Simulation study shows that they can be more efficient than simple random sampling. An example on the utilization of the proposed sampling methods in practice is also presented. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the maximum number of different ordered pairs of symbols in sets of latin squares
Authors: Dinitz Jeffrey H. , Stinson Douglas R. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn this paper, we study the problem of constructing sets of s latin squares of order m such that the average number of different ordered pairs obtained by superimposing two of the s squares in the set is as large as possible. We solve this problem (for all s) when m is a prime power by using projective planes. We also present upper and lower bounds for all positive integers m. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 13: 1–15, 2005.
Hepatitis C virus infection in dialysis and chronic liver patients: Viraemia dependent anti‐E2‐antibody response
Authors: Hanuka Negba , Sikuler Emanuel , Tovbin David , Neville Lewis , Nussbaum Ofer , Mostoslavsky Marcos , Orgel Mordechai , Yaari Arie , Manor Sigal , Dagan Shlomo , Hilzenrat Nir , Shemer‐Avni Yonat 
Published: June 2004

AbstractCryptic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection relates to patients infected chronically with HCV that are seronegative but have HCV‐RNA. These patients are not identified by the standard serological tests for HCV, which are based on detection of antibodies to core, NS3 and NS5 antigens. They will, therefore, be wrongly diagnosed as non‐infected, and are considered as a potential risk for others. Cryptic HCV infection in dialysis units occurs frequently and, due to medical procedures, is a major factor for contracting the virus when unrecognised. This study was conducted in order to assess the humoral immune responses to E2‐antigen in sera of patients infected chronically with HCV. Recombinant E2 protein in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) were used to test the occurrence of anti‐E2 antibodies in the sera of patients from the liver clinic and of dialysis patients. The presence of E2 antibodies was found to be correlated with the presence of HCV‐RNA and with viral load. Antibodies to the E2 protein could be detected in as many as 30% of the sera from dialysis patients with cryptic HCV infection (HCV‐RNA only). The results suggest that detection of anti‐E2 antibodies may enhance significantly HCV serological standard testing; especially among patients on dialysis, and that antibodies to envelope E2 protein appear to depend on and correlate with the presence of HCV particles. J. Med. Virol. 73:529–535, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiological and quantitative study of GBV‐C infection in french polytransfused children
Authors: Castelain S. , Francois C. , Bonte D. , Baron A. , Horle B. , Morel V. , Pautard B. , Duverlie Gilles 
Published: June 2004

AbstractFrom 1999 to 2002, 246 serum samples taken from polytransfused children were tested for the presence of GB virus C (GBV‐C) RNA using a real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay. This assay was based on the TaqMan technology and allowed viral load determination in infected children with a dynamic range from 103 to 107 genome equivalent (gEq) copies/ml. The limit of detection was estimated to 619 gEq copies/ml with a ≥95% probability of a positive result. Thirty five sera were found to be GBV‐C RNA positive, corresponding to a prevalence of GBV‐C of 14.2%. The mean viral load was high, i.e., 6 ± 1.4 log (range 3.22–7.42) gEq copies/ml, but low viral loads were also detected. Sequencing of the 5′‐untranslated region (UTR) identified a majority of genotype 2 strains (82%) distributed into two subtypes, 88.5% genotype 2a and 11.5% genotype 2b. In conclusion, GBV‐C active infection is very frequent in exposed populations such as polytransfused children. GBV‐C RNA quantitation using real‐time assay may be useful for diagnosis and follow‐up of the natural history of GBV‐C infection. J. Med. Virol. 73:596–600, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genotypic analysis of sequential genital herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) isolates of patients with recurrent HSV‐1 associated genital herpes
Authors: Roest R.W. , Carman W.F. , Maertzdorf J. , Scoular A. , Harvey J. , Kant M. , van der Meijden W.I. , Verjans Georges M.G.M. , Osterhaus A.D.M.E. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractClinical recurrences of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1)‐associated genital herpes are thought to be caused by reactivation of latent endogenous HSV‐1. However, the possibility of reinfection with exogenous HSV‐1 cannot be excluded. This study aimed to determine the incidence of genital HSV‐1 superinfection in patients by investigating the genotype of sequential HSV‐1 isolates obtained from the same anatomical site of patients with clinical recurrences of genital HSV‐1 recurrent genital herpes. Sequential genital HSV‐1 isolates were genotyped by PCR amplification of the hypervariable regions located within the HSV‐1 genes US1 and US12. Whereas the sequential HSV‐1 isolates in 11 of the 13 patients studied had the same genotypes, the sequential isolates of 2 patients showed a different genotype. The data suggest that HSV‐1‐induced recurrent genital herpes can be associated with genital reinfection with an exogenous HSV‐1 strain. J. Med. Virol. 73:601–604, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.