bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity of composite resins polymerized with different curing methods
Authors: Nalçacı A. , Öztan M. D. , Yılmaz Ş. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractAim  To compare the relative cytotoxicity of resin‐based composite materials polymerized with three different curing methods on L 929 cells over a period of 1 week.Methodology  Ten discs of each material (Flowline®, P 60® and Z 250®) were cured from one side with either standard cure (Optilux 401®), soft‐start cure (Elipar Free Light®) or fast cure (Hilux Ultra Plus®). Then the samples were aged for 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium/Ham's F12 (DMEM/F12). After each ageing interval, cytotoxicity of the extracts to cultured fibroblasts (L 929) was measured by MTT assay. The degree of cytotoxicity for each sample was determined according to the reference value represented by the cells with a pure culture medium. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way analysis of variance (anova), followed by the Student's Newman–Keuls test.Results  Exposure of L 929 cells to the test materials resulted in a high survival fraction at 1 and 7 days. Flowline® specimens, either cured with Optilux 401® or Elipar Free Light®, had no toxic effect on the cells, whereas the other groups were moderately toxic on the 2‐day interval. All experimental groups presented lower cell viability than the control at the 3‐ and 5‐day intervals.Conclusions  The composite resins used in this study were cytotoxic after 48 h pre‐incubation, but this toxicity disappeared after pre‐incubation in a biological medium for 7 days. Curing did not have a significant effect on the cytotoxicity of the composite materials tested.
Interleukin‐4 Selectively Inhibits Interleukin‐2 Secretion by Lipopolysaccharide‐Activated Dendritic Cells
Authors: Sauma D. , Michea P. , Lennon‐Duménil A.‐M. , Fierro A. , Morales J. , Rosemblatt M. , Bono M. R. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) generated in vitro from bone marrow precursors using granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) secrete interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) upon activation, an event probably associated to the initiation of adaptive immune responses. Additionally, they produce IL‐12, a cytokine related to T‐cell polarization. To analyse the effect of IL‐4 on DC differentiation and function, we assessed the capacity of murine bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) differentiated with GM‐CSF in the presence or absence of IL‐4 to produce IL‐2 and IL‐12 upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation. We found that although IL‐4 enhanced DC IL‐12p70 production, it strongly impaired IL‐2 secretion by BMDCs. This inhibition, which depends on the presence of IL‐4 during LPS activation, is DC specific, as IL‐4 did not affect IL‐2 secretion by T cells. Interestingly, inhibition of DC IL‐2 production did not prevent DC priming of T lymphocytes. These results illustrate a new putative role for IL‐4 on the regulation of the immune response and should help clarify the controversial reports on the effect of IL‐4 on DCs.
Comparative effectiveness of hand and ultrasonic instrumentations in root surface planing in vitro
Authors: Khosravi Mahmood , Bahrami Zahra Samadi , Atabaki Mahdi Saheb Jam , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Shokri Fazel 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBackground/aims: A variety of techniques are employed for planing and scaling of the superficial root surfaces, of which hand and ultrasonic instrumentations have been preferentially used in routine periodontics clinics. This study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness of ultrasonic scalers and hand curettes in facilitating fibroblast attachment to the scaled root surfaces.Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients with periodontally involved teeth and nine subjects without periodontal diseases (control subjects) were selected. Two single‐rooted teeth were extracted from each subject. Mesial and distal surfaces of teeth were selected in treated and untreated groups, respectively. The mesial surface of each tooth was randomly chosen to be treated either by hand curettes or ultrasonic instrumentation. The degree of cell attachment on the root surfaces of treated and untreated groups from control subjects and patients was then determined by the use of a gingival fibroblast line established and employed at early passages. The attachment and proliferation of gingival fibroblasts on the root surfaces were evaluated using neutral red assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results: Fibroblast survival and proliferation on the surfaces of untreated periodontally involved roots were found to be significantly lower compared with control untreated surfaces (p<0.0001) or treated surfaces from patients (p<0.0001). No significant difference, however, was observed between root surfaces treated either by hand curettes or ultrasonic scalers.Conclusion: These results indicate the beneficial effectiveness of both techniques in root treatment and planing.
Comparative clinical responses related to the use of various periodontal instrumentation
Authors: Obeid Patrick R. , D'hoore William , Bercy Pierre 
Published: February 2004

AbstractAim: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effectiveness of scaling and root planing of a power‐driven mechanism compared with hand instruments and ultrasonic insert alone with a split‐mouth design after 3 and 6 months.Methods: Healing events after initial periodontal therapy were investigated in 20 patients with moderate‐to‐severe adult periodontitis. Plaque index (PlI), bleeding on probing (PBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (PAL) and number of moderate and deep pockets (NMP, NDP) were recorded at baseline and 3 and 6 months after treatment. Oral hygiene instruction was provided for each patient. Randomly assigned quadrants per patient were scaled and root planed with hand instrumentation (curettes, hoes and files), with reciprocating power‐driven instruments, with ultrasonic scaler alone and with the combined use of ultrasonic scaler and power‐driven inserts. The Friedman test was applied to test the significance of difference between the various methods of root instrumentation. Repeated measures of analysis of variance (manova) were used to analyse the time effect on the different treatments.Results: At the 6‐month evaluation, all groups in the scaling and root planing treatment presented with an improvement in the measured clinical parameters, as compared with baseline. No statistical differences (p>0.05) were observed in the assessed periodontal indices among the study sites between the four groups for either treatment.Conclusions: Under our experimental conditions, this clinical study demonstrates that mechanized root planing with power‐driven instruments, as effective as the usual procedures (hand and sonic instruments), represents a satisfactory and alternative means of nonsurgical root therapy.
Clinical and microbiological effects of different restorative materials on the periodontal tissues adjacent to subgingival class V restorations
Authors: Paolantonio Michele , D'ercole Simonetta , Perinetti Giuseppe , Tripodi Domenico , Catamo Giovanni , Serra Emanuela , Bruè Claudia , Piccolomini Raffaele 
Published: February 2004

AbstractObjectives:The relationship between subgingival dental restorations and periodontal health has been thoroughly investigated for many years. However, longitudinal data on the subgingival microflora features after the placement of well‐finished subgingival restorations are still lacking. Therefore, this study compares the short‐term clinical and microbiological features occurring in the gingiva after the completion of different subgingival restorations.Material and Methods:Sixteen systemically healthy subjects, 10 males and six females (ages: 31.7–45.8 years; mean age 39.3±5.1 years), who were non‐smokers and were positive for the presence of three cervical abrasion/erosion defects to be restored in three different adjacent teeth were enrolled in this study. The cervical abrasion/erosion defects were each restored by using one of three different materials: amalgam, glass ionomer cement, or composite resin. Immediately before class V cavity preparations and restorations (baseline), clinical monitoring and subgingival plaque sampling were performed in the mid‐buccal aspect of each experimental restored tooth and in one adjacent sound, non‐treated, control tooth. These procedures were repeated every 4 months over the following 1 year.Results:Throughout the study, the clinical parameters recorded did not change significantly in any of the experimental groups, and no differences were detected among them at each clinical session. Over this time, no significant changes in the composition of the subgingival microflora were observed in amalgam, glass ionomer cement, and control groups. Conversely, in the composite resin group, there was a significant increase in the total bacterial counts, and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in Gram‐positive, aerobic bacteria, which was associated with a significant (p<0.05) increase in the Gram‐negative, anaerobic microbiota.Conclusions:Over a 1‐year observation period, amalgam, glass ionomer cement, and composite resin subgingival restorations do not significantly affect the clinical parameters recorded. However, composite resin restorations may have some negative effects on the quantity and quality of subgingival plaque.
A randomised, controlled study of peri‐operative low dose s(+)‐ketamine in combination with postoperative patient‐controlled s(+)‐ketamine and morphine after radical prostatectomy*
Authors: Snijdelaar D. G. , Cornelisse H. B. , Schmid R. L. , Katz J. 
Published: February 2004

SummaryIn a randomised, double‐blind prospective study we compared the effects on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption of intra‐operative s(+)‐ketamine (100 μg.kg−1 bolus and a continuous infusion of 2 μg.kg−1.min−1) followed by postoperative patient‐controlled analgesia with morphine (1 mg per bolus) plus s(+)‐ketamine (0.5 mg per bolus), or intra‐operative saline followed by postoperative patient‐controlled analgesia morphine (1 mg per bolus) alone. A total of 28 male patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were studied. Morphine consumption, pain scores, pressure algometry and adverse effects were recorded for 48 h after surgery. Cumulative morphine consumption was significantly lower in the ketamine/morphine group (47.9 ± 26.2 mg) than in the saline/morphine group (73.4 ± 34.8 mg; p = 0.049). Pain scores at rest were significantly lower in the ketamine/morphine group across the 48‐h study period (p = 0.01). No significant differences were found in pressure algometry measurements or the occurrence of adverse effects.
The effects of indomethacin on intracranial pressure and cerebral haemodynamics in patients undergoing craniotomy: A randomised prospective study
Authors: Rasmussen M. , Tankisi A. , Cold G. E. 
Published: February 2004

SummaryWe compared the effects of indomethacin (bolus of 0.2 mg.kg−1 followed by an infusion of 0.2 mg.kg−1.h−1) and placebo on intracranial pressure and cerebral haemodynamics in 30 patients undergoing craniotomy for supratentorial brain tumours under propofol and fentanyl anaesthesia. Indomethacin was given before induction of anaesthesia and the infusion was terminated after opening of the dura. Subdural intracranial pressure was measured through the first burr hole and before opening the dura. Cerebral blood flow velocity, cerebral perfusion pressure, jugular bulb oxygen saturation, arterio‐venous oxygen difference and carbon dioxide reactivity were measured; dural tension and the degree of brain swelling were estimated. Before induction of anaesthesia, indomethacin administration was associated with a significant decrease in cerebral blood flow velocity compared with placebo. After induction of anaesthesia, cerebral blood flow velocity and mean arterial blood pressure decreased significantly in both groups. Indomethacin was not associated with a decrease in intracranial pressure. There were no differences in cerebral perfusion pressure, dural tension or degree of brain swelling between the two groups. Carbon dioxide reactivity measured after induction of anaesthesia was significantly lower in the indomethacin group (p < 0.05). After removal of the bone flap, no significant difference in carbon dioxide reactivity was observed. We suggest that these findings are explained by propofol‐induced cerebral vasoconstriction.
The effect of positive airway pressure during pre‐oxygenation and induction of anaesthesia upon duration of non‐hypoxic apnoea
Authors: Herriger A. , Frascarolo Ph. , Spahn D. R. , Magnusson L. 
Published: February 2004

SummaryPositive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) applied during induction of anaesthesia may prevent atelectasis formation in the lungs. This may increase the duration of non‐hypoxic apnoea by increasing the functional residual capacity. We studied the benefit of PEEP applied during the induction of anaesthesia on the duration of apnoea until the SpO2 reached 90%. Forty ASA I‐II patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups. In the PEEP group (n = 20) patients were pre‐oxygenated using 100% O2 administered using a CPAP device (6 cmH2O) for 5 min. Following induction of anaesthesia, patients were mechanically ventilated (PEEP 6 cm H2O) for a further 5 min. In the ZEEP group (n = 20), no CPAP or PEEP was used. The duration of apnoea until SpO2 reached 90% was measured. Non‐hypoxic apnoea duration was longer in the PEEP group compared to ZEEP group (599 ± 135 s vs. 470 ± 150 s, p = 0.007). We conclude that the application of positive airway pressure during induction of anaesthesia in adults prolongs the non‐hypoxic apnoea duration by > 2 min.
Phosphorylation and 14‐3‐3 binding of Arabidopsis 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase
Authors: Kulma Anna , Villadsen Dorthe , Campbell David G. , Meek Sarah E. M. , E. Harthill Jean , Nielsen Tom H. , MacKintosh Carol 
Published: February 2004

SummaryFructose 2,6‐bisphosphate (fru‐2,6‐P2) is a signalling metabolite that regulates photosynthetic carbon partitioning in plants. The content of fru‐2,6‐P2 in Arabidopsis leaves varied in response to photosynthetic activity with an abrupt decrease at the start of the photoperiod, gradual increase through the day, and modest decrease at the start of the dark period. In Arabidopsis suspension cells, fru‐2,6‐P2 content increased in response to an unknown signal upon transfer to fresh culture medium. This increase was blocked by either 2‐deoxyglucose or the protein phosphatase inhibitor, calyculin A, and the effects of calyculin A were counteracted by the general protein kinase inhibitor K252a. The changes in fru‐2,6‐P2 at the start of dark period in leaves and in the cell experiments generally paralleled changes in nitrate reductase (NR) activity. NR is inhibited by protein phosphorylation and binding to 14‐3‐3 proteins, raising the question of whether fructose‐6‐phosphate,2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase protein from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtF2KP), which both generates and hydrolyses fru‐2,6‐P2, is also regulated by phosphorylation and 14‐3‐3s. Consistent with this hypothesis, AtF2KP and NR from Arabidopsis cell extracts bound to a 14‐3‐3 column, and were eluted specifically by a synthetic 14‐3‐3‐binding phosphopeptide (ARAApSAPA). 14‐3‐3s co‐precipitated with recombinant glutathione S‐transferase (GST)‐AtF2KP that had been incubated with Arabidopsis cell extracts in the presence of Mg‐ATP. 14‐3‐3s bound directly to GST‐AtF2KP that had been phosphorylated on Ser220 (SLSASGpSFR) and Ser303 (RLVKSLpSASSF) by recombinant Arabidopsis calcium‐dependent protein kinase isoform 3 (CPK3), or on Ser303 by rat liver mammalian AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK; homologue of plant SNF‐1 related protein kinases (SnRKs)) or an Arabidopsis cell extract. We have failed to find any direct effect of 14‐3‐3s on the F2KP activity in vitro to date. Nevertheless, our findings indicate the possibility that 14‐3‐3 binding to SnRK1‐phosphorylated sites on NR and F2KP may regulate both nitrate assimilation and sucrose/starch partitioning in leaves.
Case of leukoderma punctata after topical PUVA treatment
Authors: Park Jung‐Hun , Lee Mu‐Hyoung 
Published: February 2004

An 11‐year‐old Korean girl presented with a 2‐year history of asymptomatic multiple punctiform, hypopigmented and achromic spots predominantly on the outer aspect of her right forearm. She had been treated for segmental vitiligo on her right forearm with topical PUVA six times a week for 4 years at a local clinic. The lesions were very distinct, round hypopigmented macules 1–2 mm in diameter, predominantly in nonfollicular distribution (Fig. 1). Not only the site where topical psolaren had been applied but also areas on her right forearm where UVA was exposed for a long time for treatment of vitiligo developed multiple punctiform hypopigmented spots. She also had PUVA lentigenes on her right forearm. Laboratory studies including complete blood cell count, biochemistry, and endocrinologic studies were all within normal limits. There was no history of inflammatory lesions antedating the hypopigmentation. Skin biopsy was taken from punctiform hypopigmented macules. There were no specific findings in the hematoxylin‐eosin stained sections. However, marked reduction of melanin and melanocytes was noted with the Fontana‐Masson stain (Fig. 2) and the S‐100 stain (Fig. 3). With these clinical and histological findings the patient was diagnosed as having leukoderma punctata.Multiple, hypopigmented, and achromic spots on the right forearmimageMicroscopic examination of a hypopigmented macule showing marked reduction of melanin (Fontana‐Masson stain, ×200)imageS‐100 stain showing marked reduction of melanocytes in the basal layer (S‐100 stain, ×200)image
Neutrophilic dermatosis of the hands: four new cases and review of the literature
Authors: Weenig Roger H. , Bruce Alison J. , McEvoy Marian T. , Gibson Lawrence E. , Davis Mark D. P. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBackground  Isolated or predominantly hand involvement in Sweet's syndrome, pyoderma gangrenosum, or pustular vasculitis is a rare presentation in the spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses and is often associated with an occult malignancy or other systemic inflammatory disorder. When these disorders occur on the hands, they are often clinically indistinguishable, but they can sometimes be separated histologically by the presence of papillary dermal edema (Sweet's syndrome), ulceration and necrosis (pyoderma gangrenosum), or vasculitis (pustular vasculitis). These distinctions may be arbitrary, however, and reflect differences in the temporal course of the disease and in the degree of inflammation at the time of biopsy.Methods  We report four cases of neutrophilic dermatosis affecting the hands and a review of the literature for similar cases.Results  Of the four patients presented, two had associated carcinomas and one had myelodysplasia in transition to leukemia. The cutaneous symptoms preceded the finding of an occult malignancy. Thirty‐two reported cases of neutrophilic dermatoses presenting on the hands showed clinicopathologic features similar to those in our series. Taken together, the mean age at diagnosis was 60.5 years, and 58% of the patients were female. Twenty‐five per cent (nine patients) also had myelodysplasia or leukemia, 14% (five patients) ulcerative colitis, 6% (two patients) carcinoma, 6% (two patients) Crohn's disease, and 6% (two patients) seropositive arthritis.Conclusions  These cases illustrate the importance of recognizing that neutrophilic dermatoses may present uniquely or predominantly on the hands. This presentation is distinctive, and prompt diagnosis may prevent unnecessary medical or surgical therapy and may lead to the earlier diagnosis and treatment of an associated malignancy or other systemic disorder.
Lupus erythematosus induced by medications, ultraviolet radiation, and other exogenous agents: A review, with special focus on the development of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus in a genetically predisposed individual
Authors: Shapiro Michael , Sosis Arthur C. , Junkins‐Hopkins Jacqueline M. , Werth Victoria P. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractExogenous agents implicated in or suspected of precipitating subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) and lupus erythematosus (LE) are reviewed. An illustrative case of environmentally induced SCLE is presented. A previously healthy 30‐year male homozygous for the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) 308. A promoter allele developed SCLE after spending several hours removing fertilizer‐ and pesticide‐containing hay from an agricultural barn in the springtime. The cutaneous eruption soon resolved, only to reappear 3 weeks later on the day the patient re‐entered the barn. An environmental agent present in the barn, coupled with springtime ultraviolet light, likely triggered the disease in this immunogenetically susceptible individual.
Surgical option for nonmelanoma skin cancer
Authors: Pichardo‐Velázquez Patricia , Domínguez‐Cherit Judith , Vega‐Memije Ma. Elisa , Moreno‐Coutiño Gabriela , Proy Héctor 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBackground  Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in the general population. Its best treatment option is the complete excision of the lesion. Mohs’ micrographic surgery has demonstrated to be the surgical method with the highest cure rates, however, it is not available in many countries or institutions.Methods  We propose, as a treatment option for high‐risk BCC, surgical resection of the tumor with transoperatory histological examination with the hematoxilin‐eosin technique, delaying closure of the wounds until the margins and surgical bed are tumor‐free.Results  We studied 83 patients with BCC; 49 were treated with the transoperatory technique and delay closure. We observed no recurrence in any patient that we followed up and there were no complications resulting from the technique in a 25‐month follow up.Conclusions  We recommend this technique for tumors with high‐risk of recurrence if Mohs’ micrographic surgery is not available.