bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Minimally Time-Consuming Method for Regular, Ongoing Outcome Assessments in a Rural Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Program: Validation via Retrospective Pre-Post Studies
Authors: Zhang Xin , McGettigan Tiaha E. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose The purpose of this study was to introduce and validate a minimally time-consuming method for regular, ongoing assessments of practice- and individual-level outcomes in a rural diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) program. Methods The method involves a report developed within an electronic health record system to capture the initial A1C data of patients in the program and their most recent A1C data at the time the report is run. To validate the method’s ability to continuously assess outcomes, 3 retrospective pre-post studies were conducted over 3 consecutive months: October, November, and December 2023. The subjects were individuals with type 2 or type 1 diabetes who completed their initial visits in the program during these months. A1C changes in patient cohorts and their statistical significance were analyzed as practice-level outcomes, and individual-level outcomes were monitored by plotting and analyzing patient data. Results The report accurately captured data, enabling minimally time-consuming analyses. The method allowed both continuous assessment of program effectiveness based on A1C changes and monitoring of individual patient progress. Statistically significant reductions in average A1C were observed for subjects seen in October and December 2023 (but not in November) and across the combined data from all 3 months. Data plotting helped identify individual subjects who may benefit from follow-up. Conclusions The method is feasible and accurate for ongoing outcome assessments, providing timely feedback to clinicians and promoting practice changes to improve patient outcomes. It is also flexible and adaptable to other DSMES programs.
Mechanistic insights into 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for acne vulgaris: targeting lipogenesis via the OLR1-Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Yan Jia , Zhang Linglin , Zeng Qingyu , Qian Yitao , Li Ke , Liu Xiaojing , Wu Yun , Yan Yu , Zhang Haiyan , Cheung Szeman , Liu Jia , Sroka Ronald , Wang Xiuli , Shi Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Acne vulgaris, a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder, is often characterized by hyperactive sebaceous glands and excessive sebum production, presenting a significant therapeutic challenge. While 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is clinically effective in treating moderate to severe acne, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the impact of ALA-PDT on lipid metabolism in an acne-like mouse model and in immortalized human sebocytes (XL-i-20), focusing on the role of the OLR1-Wnt/β-catenin pathway. We employed transcriptomic analysis, lipid staining, and gene silencing techniques to dissect the molecular interactions induced by ALA-PDT. Our findings revealed that ALA-PDT significantly reduces lipogenesis by upregulating OLR1, which in turn suppresses the SREBP1-FAS axis, thereby decreasing lipid accumulation in sebocytes. Furthermore, activation of the OLR1-Wnt/β-catenin pathway was essential for these lipogenic effects, as silencing OLR1 or activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling reversed lipogenesis inhibition. This study elucidates a novel mechanistic pathway in ALA-PDT-mediated acne treatment, highlighting OLR1 as a promising target for future therapeutic strategies.
Sequence-based GWAS in 180,000 German Holstein cattle reveals new candidate variants for milk production traits
Authors: Križanac Ana-Marija , Reimer Christian , Heise Johannes , Liu Zengting , Pryce Jennie E. , Bennewitz Jörn , Thaller Georg , Falker-Gieske Clemens , Tetens Jens 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Milk production traits are complex and influenced by many genetic and environmental factors. Although extensive research has been performed for these traits, with many associations unveiled thus far, due to their crucial economic importance, complex genetic architecture, and the fact that causal variants in cattle are still scarce, there is a need for a better understanding of their genetic background. In this study, we aimed to identify new candidate loci associated with milk production traits in German Holstein cattle, the most important dairy breed in Germany and worldwide. For that purpose, 180,217 cattle were imputed to the sequence level and large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by fine-mapping and evolutionary and functional annotation were carried out to identify and prioritize new association signals.

Results
Using the imputed sequence data of a large cattle dataset, we identified 50,876 significant variants, confirming many known and identifying previously unreported candidate variants for milk (MY), fat (FY), and protein yield (PY). Genome-wide significant signals were fine-mapped with the Bayesian approach that determines the credible variant sets and generates the probability of causality for each signal. The variants with the highest probabilities of being causal were further classified using external information about the function and evolution, making the prioritization for subsequent validation experiments easier. The top potential causal variants determined with fine-mapping explained a large percentage of genetic variance compared to random ones; 178 variants explained 11.5%, 104 explained 7.7%, and 68 variants explained 3.9% of the variance for MY, FY, and PY, respectively, demonstrating the potential for causality.

Conclusions
Our findings proved the power of large samples and sequence-based GWAS in detecting new association signals. In order to fully exploit the power of GWAS, one should aim at very large samples combined with whole-genome sequence data. These can also come with both computational and time burdens, as presented in our study. Although milk production traits in cattle are comprehensively investigated, the genetic background of these traits is still not fully understood, with the potential for many new associations to be revealed, as shown. With constantly growing sample sizes, we expect more insights into the genetic architecture of milk production traits in the future.
Frailty in older adults admitted to hospital: outcomes from the Western Sydney Clinical Frailty Registry
Authors: McDonagh Julee , Lindley Richard I , Byth Karen , John Reejamol , Ferguson Caleb 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To examine baseline frailty and its association with rehospitalisation and mortality within 12 months among older adults enrolled in the Western Sydney Clinical Frailty Registry.

Design
Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting and participants
592 adults admitted to an acute geriatric medicine service in NSW, Australia, were included in this study.

Methods
The Western Sydney Clinical Frailty Registry is a study of adults admitted to acute geriatric wards in a 570-bed two-site district general hospital in Western Sydney, NSW, Australia. Recruitment began in April 2020 and is ongoing. Each participant is recruited while an inpatient and followed up for 12 months, including baseline visits and three-, six- and 12-month follow-ups via telephone interviews. The primary outcome of this study was rehospitalisation and/or mortality at 12 months.

Results
Median age 82 years; half the cohort were classified as mild-moderately frail, and 21% were classified as severely frail. A total of 134 participants died (22.6%) within the 12-month follow-up period. Increased cumulative incidence of first rehospitalisation and/or death during the first 12 months post-discharge was significantly associated with higher modified Charlson comorbidity (p < 0.001) and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores (p < 0.001). Compared to the ‘non-frail’ group (CFS 1–4), those who were severely frail (CFS 7–9) had an 85% increased risk of rehospitalisation and/or death (95% CI 1.36–2.52), and those who were mild-moderately frail (CFS 5–6) had a 52% increased risk after adjusting for effects of the other variables (95% CI 1.18–1.94).

Conclusions
Frailty is very common in older adults admitted to acute geriatric services. Assessing frailty using the CFS is feasible and is independently predictive of rehospitalisation and mortality. Our findings suggest that integrating frailty assessment into clinical practice goes beyond simple risk stratification, offering valuable insights for tailored clinical management strategies.
Exploring predictors of the five-time sit-to-stand test based on cross-sectional findings from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC)
Authors: Niklasson Joakim , Fagerström Cecilia , Backåberg Sofia , Bergman Patrick , Lindberg Terese 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
As we age, staying physically active and reducing sedentary behavior becomes crucial. To understand how to achieve this, factors related to daily physical function such as five-time sit-to-stand (STS) time should be explored. This study aimed to investigate the associations between STS time, self-rated physical activity, physical function, health-related quality of life, physical and mental health in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years.

Method
Cross-sectional design with self-reported and objectively measured data from adults aged ≥ 60 years (n = 819), acquired from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. Data was analyzed through multiple linear regression.

Results
The model (R2 = 0.268) showed that STS time was predicted by grip strength (β’ = -0.204, p < 0.05), age (β’ = 0.202, p < 0.05), health-related quality of life (β’ = -0.192, p < 0.05), having fallen within the preceding twelve months (β’ = -0.127, p < 0.05), physical activities of perceived light to moderate intensity (β’ = -0.121, p < 0.05), one-leg stand (β’ = -0.099, p < 0.05), and education level (β’ = -0.092, p < 0.05). For STS time, health-related quality of life (β = -0.354, confidence interval [CI] (-0.509)–(-0.199)), having fallen within the preceding twelve months (β = -0.222, CI (-0.365)–(-0.078)), and physical activities of perceived light to moderate intensity (β = -0.166, CI (-0.278)–(-0.053)) were the most prominent predictors.

Conclusion
The model highlights the importance of grip strength and health-related quality of life in predicting STS time in older adults. Clinicians can use these insights to develop interventions that maintain physical function by regularly assessing and monitoring these factors. Future research should explore the relationship between fall history, faster STS time, and the impact of grip strength and health-related quality of life on sedentary behavior among older adults.
Turkish adaptation, validity, and reliability study of the Quality of Life Gravidarum (QOL-GRAV) scale
Authors: Ayan Gamze , Apay Serap Ejder 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The study aims to adapt the validity and reliability of the Pregnancy Quality of Life Scale in Turkish society.

Methods
The study was carried out methodologically between April 2021 and April 2022 at Bayburt State Hospital, the only public hospital operating in the city center of Bayburt. In the study, a total of 355 pregnant women who met the research criteria and volunteered to participate were examined without selecting a sample. Validity and reliability analysis of language and content validity, explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach- α coefficient were used.

Results
The factor structure of the Turkish form of the scale was consistent with the original form. As a result of the explanatory appropriate. The internal consistency coefficient was calculated as the total Cronbach-α coefficient of the scale was 0.628 for the first trimester, and 0.628 for the II. trimester 0.727 for trimester, III. Trimester it is 0.698 for a trimester.

Conclusion
As a result of the validity and reliability study, the Turkish version of the Pregnancy Quality of Life Scale can be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Keratoconus with two consecutive re-emergences: a case report
Authors: Zhang Peicheng , Wu Yanchao , Ma Lixiao , Wang Dong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Keratoconus is a common disease in clinical practice, and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty(DALK) is a conventional treatment for keratoconus, which is effective and not easy to recur after surgery.

Case presentation
The author presents a rare case report involving a 21-year-old patient with Consecutive re-emergences of Keratoconus. He underwent DALK for keratoconus in his left eye in 2012 and experienced re-emergence 3 years later, followed by a second deep lamellar keratoplasty in the same year. In 2019, the patient experienced re-emergence of keratoconus and underwent a third deep lamellar keratoplasty in the same eye. Genetic testing was performed, and no abnormal genes were identified. Postoperative follow-up emphasized the management of chronic allergic conjunctivitis (CAC) and the correction of eye-rubbing habits. To date, he has not experienced any further re-emergence.

Conclusions
Keratoconus is a complex disorder with a multifaceted etiology and pathogenesis, including genetic, environmental, biomechanical, and cellular factors. Its treatment usually requires multiple considerations, including the choice of surgical methods, anti-inflammatory therapy, and correction of eye rubbing habits to guide patients for subsequent treatment interventions.
Psychometric validation of the continuum beliefs of mental illness scale (CB-MIS) and its associations with stigma
Authors: Peter Lina-Jolien , McLaren Thomas , Tomczyk Samuel , Muehlan Holger , Schmidt Silke , Schomerus Georg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Continuum beliefs of mental health and illness are robustly negatively correlated with mental illness stigma. However, there is a lack of multidimensional and validated measures, not entirely relying on vignettes.

Methods
To develop such a scale, a pool of 37 items adapted from other studies on continuum beliefs, was initially examined in expert discussions and a convenience sample (N = 227, M
age=32 years, 80.6% female). Items were selected based on theoretical tenability and assigned to pre-defined facets of “State”, “Person”, and nosological “Concept” in relation to mental illness. In a second sample (N = 1375; M
age=42 years; 65.2% female), the Continuum Beliefs of Mental Illness Scale (CB-MIS) was psychometrically tested (i.e. factorial, convergent, discriminant validity).

Results
The scale comprises three subscales with three items, and one optional vignette-based item each, rated on a 5-point Likert scale. It showed very good factorial and discriminant validity, associations with stigma were moderately negative. The scale exhibited good test-retest reliability over a period of six months.

Conclusions
A validated, practical, multifaceted measure is offered to evaluate beliefs regarding the continuum of mental health and illness. Future studies should conduct subgroup-specific investigations regarding sociodemographic and illness variables, and could apply this measure to anti-stigma interventions.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023557. Registered 11/12/2020. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: U1111–1264–9954. Registered 16/02/2021.
Sleep duration in adolescence buffers the impact of childhood trauma on anxiety and depressive symptoms
Authors: Coote Toni , Barrett Emma , Grummitt Lucinda 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Childhood trauma is a pervasive issue contributing to adverse mental health outcomes. Obtaining optimal sleep supports healthy development and protects against mood-related disorders. Whether sleep serves as a potential buffer between trauma and adverse mental health outcomes holds promise for informing targeted interventions and prevention for adolescents.

Methods
Data were drawn from the baseline assessment of a randomised controlled trial of a mental health prevention program. A total sample of 752 adolescents completed an online, self-report survey in 2023. Participants were students (Mage=13.8 years), attending independent schools in Australia and comprised of 37% girls and 60% boys. Australian sleep guidelines were used to dichotomise nightly sleep duration into whether adolescents met, or did not meet, the sleep guidelines for their age. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to examine whether sleep moderated the association between trauma and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and mental wellbeing.

Results
The majority of participants (82%) reported exposure to at least one traumatic event. The mean number of traumatic events was 1.8. Trauma was independently associated with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms and lower mental wellbeing scores. Those reporting exposure to one or more traumatic events were more likely to report difficulties falling asleep and less likely to report meeting nightly sleep duration guidelines. We found a significant interaction between meeting nightly sleep duration guidelines and any trauma exposure on depressive and anxiety scores, such that depression and anxiety symptoms were lower in trauma-exposed adolescents who met sleep duration guidelines compared to those who did not meet sleep guidelines.

Conclusions
Obtaining optimal amounts of sleep each night may help mitigate anxiety and depressive symptoms for non-clinical adolescents exposed to trauma, however, longitudinal research is needed to confirm the directionality of the relationships between trauma, sleep, and mental health symptoms. Future research should examine the effectiveness of public health interventions targeting sleep behaviours in adolescents to promote mental wellbeing.
Exploring the potential cost-effectiveness and societal burden implications of screening for fracture risk in a UK general radiography setting
Authors: Söreskog E. , Lopez B. , Bean T. , Lewis P. , Ashley N. , Da Palma Lopes J. , Meertens R. , Ratcliffe A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Fragility fractures lead to considerable societal costs and individual suffering. Despite the availability of cost-effective treatments for high-risk patients, a significant treatment gap exists, with many high-risk individuals remaining unidentified and untreated. The aim of this study was to explore the potential cost-effectiveness and societal impact of opportunistic screening for fracture risk with IBEX Bone Health (BH), a software solution that provides bone mineral density from wrist radiographs, in a UK general radiography setting.

Methods
The study used a health economic model that compared the health outcomes and costs of screening with IBEX BH versus usual care for men and women aged 50 and older who had a forearm radiograph for any reason. The model incorporated data on fracture incidence, fracture risk reduction, mortality, quality of life, and fracture and treatment costs from published sources and Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust. Costs and health outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were simulated over the remaining lifetime of patients. The analysis took the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS) and Personal Social Services in the UK.

Results
The results showed that screening with IBEX BH was associated with a gain of 0.013 QALYs and a cost saving of £109 per patient compared with usual care, making it a dominant (cost-saving) strategy. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results under various assumptions. Widespread adoption of IBEX BH in the NHS was estimated to save 8,066 QALYs and £65,930,555 in healthcare costs over the lifetime of patients visiting hospitals for wrist radiographs each year.

Conclusions
IBEX BH could be a cost-effective tool for early identification and prevention of fragility fractures in the UK, addressing the current challenges of low provision and access to fracture risk assessment and treatment.
From awareness to action: investigating the impact of big-five teamwork model awareness on rationing of nursing care and patient-centered care
Authors: Ashour Heba Mohamed Al-Anwer Ali , Abou Hashish Ebtsam Aly Omer , Awad Nadia Hassan Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Nurses are the cornerstone of healthcare delivery, playing a pivotal role in ensuring safe, high-quality, and patient-centered care. However, the significant demands on their time and resources often lead to the rationing or omission of essential nursing care activities, undermining patient outcomes. As frontline caregivers, nurses’ ability to collaborate effectively within teams is critical to overcoming these challenges. The Big Five Teamwork Model, which emphasizes trust, communication, and leadership, offers a transformative approach to strengthening teamwork and addressing barriers to comprehensive nursing care.

Aim
This study aimed to assess the impact of the Big Five Teamwork Awareness Sessions (Big 5TWAS) on the rationing of nursing care and patient-centered care.

Methods
A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was conducted in critical care units at an Egyptian university hospital. A convenience sample of 60 nurses and 31 admitted patients participated in the study. Big 5TWAS interventions were implemented for nurses, and study variables were measured using nursing teamwork surveys, the Rationing of Nursing Care Observational Checklist (RONCO), and patient-centered care questionnaires before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results
The Big 5 Teamwork Awareness Sessions (Big 5TWAS) demonstrated a significant impact on the study variables. Post-sessions, there was a significant decrease in rationing of nursing care scores and significant increases in nursing teamwork and patient-centered care scores (p ≤ 0.001). In addition to the significant correlation values, regression analysis revealed that overall teamwork accounted for approximately 22% of the variance in rationing of nursing care (R² = 0.224, p = 0.015), with trust as the significant predictor. Furthermore, teamwork explained approximately 80% of the variance in patient-centered care (R² = 0.801, p < 0.001), with trust, backup, and team leadership emerging as significant predictors.

Conclusion and recommendations
The study underscores the critical role of teamwork in reducing the rationing of nursing care and enhancing patient-centered care in critical care units. The Big 5TWAS was effective in fostering improved team dynamics, trust, and leadership, which translated into better care delivery. These findings highlight the need for ongoing inter-professional training and teamwork-enhancing strategies led by nurse managers to sustain and amplify these improvements. By focusing on teamwork, healthcare institutions can ensure high-quality patient outcomes and minimize missed nursing care practices.