bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planetary Rifting and the Paleogeography of Care
Authors: Clark Nigel , Whittle Rebecca 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With their specter of intergenerational betrayal, global environmental crises increasingly entangle politics with matters of care, attachment, and love—especially the unconditional bonds we are so often assumed to share with our offspring. As a contribution to the nascent field of paleoenvironmental humanities, this article’s approach to questions of care and responsibility turns from future horizon-scanning to the realm of human origins. It focuses on two broad sets of paleo stories that share a concern with rifts or stress points that complicate originary events and scenes. The first of these is a family of hypotheses which propose that pivotal evolutionary developments took place in the climatically variable and tectonically active terrain of the East African Rift. The second is the cooperative breeding hypothesis, which contends that communally distributed childcare arrangements are a definitive characteristic of the genus Homo, while also highlighting the conditionality and precariousness of human intergenerational care. Taken together, these approaches point to deep-seated fault lines running through both our home planet and our own psychosocial being. Confronting these rifts might help loosen the hold of notions of ontological reconciliation between humans and nature that risk exacerbating the very problems they seek to resolve, while also helping us to seek attachments that are more conducive to living with and through earthly volatility.
Casual Planetarities
Authors: Ballestero Andrea 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPlanetary awareness has become synonymous with awareness of large-scale temporal, geographic, and geologic events. Given the scalar multiplicities and instabilities of life on earth, concepts such as planetarity, the Anthropocene, and even the global have provided analytic reprieve. They name that which is difficult to objectify: the geographic and historical vastness of geological presence. But those concepts grow from knowledge habits inherited from imperial and Cold War logics and can presume the existence of an all-encompassing observer who can grasp the unity of the planet as such. This article explores alternative assumptions. It asks how other practices of the earth deal with planetary scales of sense-making. It conceptualizes those practices as forms of casual planetarity that, instead of drawing on preexisting scales such as the planet or the Anthropocene, produce senses of closeness and/or distance between everyday life and the geological implications of human presence. It follows the work of geologists in Costa Rica who rely on a 3D physical model to bring about scalar oscillations that connect human experiences with the vastness of underground worlds. This association is made possible by focusing on the movement of water as a hydro-geo-social choreography of everyday life. The article shows how the resonant power of the 3D model geologists use to enact these choreographies opens pathways for people to come to terms with their geological presence without having to see the planet as a whole or presume the capacity for total observation.
The complex interactions between nutrition, immunity and infection in insects
Authors: Ponton Fleur , Tan Yin Xun , Forster Casey C. , Austin Alexander J. , English Sinead , Cotter Sheena C. , Wilson Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Insects are the most diverse animal group on the planet. Their success is reflected by the diversity of habitats in which they live. However, these habitats have undergone great changes in recent decades; understanding how these changes affect insect health and fitness is an important challenge for insect conservation. In this Review, we focus on the research that links the nutritional environment with infection and immune status in insects. We first discuss the research from the field of nutritional immunology, and we then investigate how factors such as intracellular and extracellular symbionts, sociality and transgenerational effects may interact with the connection between nutrition and immunity. We show that the interactions between nutrition and resistance can be highly specific to insect species and/or infection type – this is almost certainly due to the diversity of insect social interactions and life cycles, and the varied environments in which insects live. Hence, these connections cannot be easily generalised across insects. We finally suggest that other environmental aspects – such as the use of agrochemicals and climatic factors – might also influence the interaction between nutrition and resistance, and highlight how research on these is essential.
Bicycle Flow Dynamics of Cyclist Loading and Unloading Processes at Bottlenecks
Authors: Guo Ning , Wong Wai , Jiang Rui , Wong S. C. , Hao Qing-Yi , Wu Chao-Yun 
Published: December 2023

Cycling has emerged as one of the most important green transport modes in recent years, with cities increasingly prioritizing cycling in their sustainable policy agenda. However, the associated traffic dynamics, especially the evolution of bicycle flow at bottlenecks, have not been extensively studied. In this study, real-world experiments were conducted to investigate the dynamics of bicycle flow at bottlenecks under various cycling demands generated by the cyclist unloading and loading processes. Upon the activation of the bottleneck, its capacity remained largely constant. For the same physical system, the bottleneck capacity of the cyclist loading process exceeded that of the unloading process, indicating the occurrence of capacity drop and hysteresis. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the capacity drop was attributable to the difference in speeds of the two processes for the same cycling demands after the bottleneck activation. These findings could potentially be explained by behavioral inertia. Further analysis revealed that, compared with the unloading process, the cyclist loading process was associated with higher cycling speeds owing to the higher overtaking rates. The outcomes of this study can advance our understanding of the physics of bicycle flow dynamics and provide valuable insights for transport planning professionals involved in facility planning and control of existing networks. Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71931002 and 72288101], the University of Hong Kong [Francis S Y Bong Professorship to S. C. Wong], the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory Program of the 2020 Guangdong New Innovative Strategic Research Fund, Guangdong Science and Technology Department [Grant 2020B1212030009], and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant JZ2023YQTD0073]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0193 .
Vitamin D levels and depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Putranto Rudi , Adhiatma Kresna , Tarigan Tri Juli Edi , Rumende Cleopas Martin , Shatri Hamzah , Rengganis Iris , Nugroho Pringgodigdo , Rinaldi Ikhwan 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing and commonly accompanied by comorbidities, such as depression. Vitamin D levels have been associated with T2DM and depression although the mechanism is uncertain. This study aimed to compare vitamin D levels between patients with T2DM with and without depression in the Indonesian community, where such research is rare.
METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The participants who met the inclusion criteria on an outpatient basis were screened for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) questionnaire and then divided into 2 groups: patients with T2DM with (BDI-II ≥14) and without (BDI-II <14) depression. Both groups were examined for vitamin D levels using the ELISA method, and an analysis of the mean difference between both groups was performed.
RESULTS Of 60 patients, 23 (38%) experienced depression. The median vitamin D levels were 21.8 ng/ml (IQR 14.9–26.6) in the depression group and 26.5 ng/ml (IQR 23.96–34.08) in the non-depression group (p = 0.001). After performing multivariate analysis with confounding variables, the adjusted OR of variables (sex, sun exposure score, and body mass index) was 1.123 (95% CI: 1.003–1.259; p = 0.045).
CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM with depression. Future studies should be carried out to determine the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in patients with T2DM with depression and their pathophysiology.
Invasively measured and estimated central blood pressure using the oscillometric algorithm Antares in patients with and without obesity
Authors: Stäuber Alexander , Dörr Marcus , Piper Cornelia , Köster Marco , Lapp Harald , Richter Stefan , Ohlow Marc-Alexander , Eckert Siegfried , Hoppe Matthias Wilhelm , Barroso Michael Thomas Coll , Baulmann Johannes 
Published: December 2023

Background
Obesity is a global health concern and risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The assessment of central blood pressure (cBP) has been shown to improve prediction of cardiovascular events. However, few studies have investigated the impact of obesity on cBP in adults, and invasive data on this issue are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate cBP differences between patients with and without obesity, identify cBP determinants, and evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm Antares for non-invasive cBP estimation.

Methods
A total of 190 patients (25% female; 39% with BMI ≥30kg/m2; age: 67±12 years) undergoing elective cardiac catheterization were included. cBP was measured invasively and simultaneously estimated non-invasively using the custo screen 400 device with integrated Antares algorithm.

Results
No significant cBP differences were found between obese and non-obese patients. However, females, especially those with obesity, had higher systolic cBP compared to males (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that brachial mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, BMI, and heart rate predicted cBP significantly (adjusted R2 = 0.82, P<0.001). Estimated cBP correlated strongly with invasive cBP for systolic, mean arterial, and diastolic cBP (r = 0.74–0.93, P<0.001) and demonstrated excellent accuracy (mean difference <5 and SD <8 mmHg).

Conclusions
This study discovered no significant difference in cBP between obese and non-obese patients. However, it revealed higher cBP values in women, especially those with obesity, which requires further investigation. Additionally, the study highlights Antares’ effectiveness in non-invasively determining cBP in obese individuals. This could improve the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in this special patient population.
Circulating intermediate monocytes CD14++CD16+ are increased after elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Merinopoulos Ioannis , Bhalraam U , Holmes Terri , Tsampasian Vasiliki , Corballis Natasha , Gunawardena Tharusha , Sawh Chris , Maart Clint , Wistow Trevor , Ryding Alisdair , Eccleshall Simon C. , Smith James , Vassiliou Vassilios S. 
Published: December 2023

Aim
Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and in the sequelae of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Previous work demonstrated that intermediate monocytes (CD14++CD16+) are associated with adverse cardiovascular events, yet monocyte subset response following elective PCI has not been described. This article explores the changes in monocyte subset and humoral response after elective PCI.

Methods
This prospective study included 30 patients without inflammatory diseases being referred for elective PCI. We included patients treated with drug coated balloons or 2nd generation drug eluting stents. Patients underwent blood tests at baseline (prior to PCI), four hours, two weeks and two months later. Analyses were performed in terms of monocyte subsets (classical CD14++CD16-, intermediate CD14++CD16+ and non-classical CD14+CD16++), gene expression of CD14+ leucocytes and humoral biomarkers.

Results
Intermediate monocytes decreased significantly four hours after PCI, were recovered at two weeks, and increased significantly at two months post elective, uncomplicated PCI. They remain significantly elevated in the DES group but not in the DCB group. Gene expression analysis of CD14+ leucocytes showed IL18 had decreased expression at two weeks, CXCR4 and IL1β decreased at two months, while pentraxin 3 increased at two weeks and two months. In terms of humoral biomarkers, hsTnI remains elevated up to two weeks post PCI while IL6 and TNFα remain elevated till two months post PCI.

Conclusion
Intermediate monocytes increase significantly two months following elective, uncomplicated PCI. They remain significantly elevated in the DES group but not in the DCB group suggesting that the PCI strategy could be one of the ways to modulate the inflammatory response post PCI.
The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with depressive, anxiety, and stressor-related disorders: A scoping review
Authors: Wickens Christine M. , Popal Veda , Fecteau Venesa , Amoroso Courtney , Stoduto Gina , Rodak Terri , Li Lily Y. , Hartford Amanda , Wells Samantha , Elton-Marshall Tara , Hamilton Hayley A. , Taylor Graham W. , Kupferschmidt Kristina L. , Agic Branka 
Published: December 2023

Objective
A scoping review of studies published in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic focused on individuals with pre-existing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and specified stressor-related disorders, with the objective of mapping the research conducted.

Eligibility criteria
(1) direct study of individuals with pre-existing depressive, anxiety, and/or specified stressor-related (i.e., posttraumatic stress, acute stress) disorders/issues; (2) focus on mental health-related pandemic effects, and; (3) direct study of mental health symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or psychological distress.

Sources of evidence
Database-specific subject headings and natural language keywords were searched in Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) up to March 3, 2021. Review of potentially relevant studies was conducted by two independent reviewers and proceeded in two stages: (1) title and abstract review, and; (2) full paper review.

Data charting
Study details (i.e., location, design and methodology, sample or population, outcome measures, and key findings) were extracted from included studies by one reviewer and confirmed by the Principal Investigator.

Results
66 relevant articles from 26 countries were identified. Most studies adopted a cross-sectional design and were conducted via online survey. About half relied on general population samples, with the remainder assessing special populations, primarily mental health patients. The most commonly reported pre-existing category of disorders or symptoms was depression, followed closely by anxiety. Most studies included depressive and anxiety symptoms as outcome measures and demonstrated increased vulnerability to mental health symptoms among individuals with a pre-existing mental health issue.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that improved mental health supports are needed during the pandemic and point to future research needs, including reviews of other diagnostic categories and reviews of research published in subsequent years of the pandemic.
Topical gabapentin solution for the management of burning mouth syndrome: A retrospective study
Authors: Gramacy Amanda , Villa Alessandro 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical gabapentin solution (250 mg/mL) for the management of burning mouth syndrome (BMS).

Study design
A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients diagnosed with BMS and managed with gabapentin 250 mg/mL solution (swish and spit) between January 2021 and October 2022. Patient-reported outcomes included changes in burning score ranked on a 10-point numeric rating scale (NRS) and reported adverse drug reactions (ADR). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess differences in the oral burning score ranked on a NRS (0–10) between the baseline visit and the second visit.

Results
A total of 19 patients (68.4% females) with BMS were included and evaluated for follow-up at a median of 86 days (range: 29–195). Overall, patients reported a median 2-point burning decrease on a 0–10 NRS between the baseline visit and the second visit (p < 0.01). ADRs were reported by 3 patients (15.8%).

Conclusion
Although this was a small retrospective study, BMS management with topical gabapentin (250 mg/mL) appears to be effective and well-tolerated. Future randomized prospective studies are needed to verify these preliminary findings.
Occupational survey of the educational outputs of the first established program of cardiac technology speciality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2013–2022): A cross-sectional study
Authors: Al Saikhan Lamia , Al Ghamdi Lamis 
Published: December 2023

Background
The demand for qualified cardiac technology (CT) graduates is increasing in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to provide the first descriptive occupational survey of the educational outputs of the first established CT speciality program in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia over the past 10 years.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, survey-based study. An online self-administered survey was distributed to all alumni who graduated from the CT program between 2013 and 2022 at the Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (IAU) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Results
Of the 238 graduates, 164 completed the survey (72.2%). All the respondents (100%) were women, 56% were aged 25–30 years, 58.5% were married, the majority (95.7%) held a bachelor’s degree, and (93.3%) lived in the eastern region. Of the respondents, 33.7% specialised in cardiac catheterisation and 66.3% in echocardiography. Of those, 66.4% were employed, which was similar between both subspecialties and predominantly in the Eastern region (83.9%). A total of 57.9% of participants attributed the reason for unemployment to limited opportunities in the Eastern province (vs. 15.8% across the country). A total of 76.6% of the respondents reported that most job opportunities were in the Central region (Riyadh). The main barriers and limitations to unemployment reported by the alumni were the need for childcare assistance, further training, and poor job search/interview skills. Of the respondents, 42% expressed a desire to change their career path because of limited job opportunities (10.7%) followed by a change in career interest post-graduation (7.9%).

Conclusions
The employment rate of IAU CT alumni was high (66.4%) and predominantly based in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, and 42% expressed a desire to change their career path due to limited regional job opportunities. The findings from this study will help inform the future of speciality across the kingdom and shape the potential for expansion.
Attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals among Thai medical students
Authors: Wiwattarangkul Teeravut , Wainipitapong Sorawit 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe global population of individuals with gender diversity or LGBTQ+ people is on the rise. However, negative attitudes towards LGBTQ+ individuals persist, even among healthcare professionals, creating barriers to healthcare access. These attitudes are influenced by cultural variations worldwide and necessitate investigation across diverse cultures and settings.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the attitudes towards LGBTQ+ people and describe associated factors with being LGBTQ+ among Thai medical students.MethodsDuring the 2021 academic year, a survey was conducted at a medical school in Bangkok, Thailand, collecting demographic data and attitudes measured by a standardised Thai questionnaire. Descriptive statistics as well as bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to describe characteristics and association.ResultsA total of 806 medical students participated, with a neutral attitude being the most prevalent (72.2%), followed by a positive attitude (27.2%), and a minority reporting a negative attitude (0.6%). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed significant associations between positive attitudes and female sexual identity (aOR 2.02, 95%CI 1.45–2.81, p-value < 0.001), having LGBTQ+ family members (aOR 3.57, 95%CI 1.23–10.34, p-value = 0.019), having LGBTQ+ friend (aOR 1.46, 95%CI 1.02–2.11, p-value = 0.040), and coming from areas outside of Bangkok (aOR 1.41, 95%CI 1.01–1.97, p-value = 0.043).ConclusionPositive attitude towards the LGBTQ+ community are essential for physicians, emphasising the need to study factors that contribute to positive attitudes in order to foster an LGBTQ+-friendly environment for both patients and medical students.
¿Cuándo es irregular el contrato temporal o el fijo-discontinuo en el trabajo agrícola?
Authors: Ruiz Saura José Enrique 
Published: December 2023

Los condicionantes que afectan a la correcta utilización de las modalidades de contratación laboral temporal y fija (tanto discontinua como ordinaria) en campañas agrícolas, son diversos y entrañan complejidad. Por este motivo, existe una amplia doctrina jurisprudencial llamada a clarificar cuándo es ajustado a derecho el empleo de cada uno de los referidos contratos, así como a concretar cuáles son los límites que no debe rebasar la negociación colectiva en este ámbito. El presente trabajo pretende presentar un análisis cronológico de las resoluciones más relevantes sobre esta materia, incidiéndose en la evolución del criterio doctrinal mayoritario hasta llegar al prevalente en la actualidad. Como podrá verse, la casuística propia del trabajo agrícola en la Región de Murcia resulta interesante por abordar cuestiones en algunos casos novedosas y de enorme relevancia.
Efficacy and Safety of Ustekinumab for Ulcerative Colitis Through 4 Years: Final Results of the UNIFI Long-Term Maintenance Study
Authors: Afif Waqqas , Arasaradnam Ramesh P. , Abreu Maria T. , Danese Silvio , Sandborn William J. , Miao Ye , Zhang Hongyan , Panaccione Remo , Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Scherl Ellen J. , Leong Rupert W. , Rowbotham David S. , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Sands Bruce E. , Marano Colleen 
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic condition that may require long-term treatment. We report the final efficacy and safety results of the UNIFI long-term extension study of ustekinumab in patients with UC through 4 years.

METHODS:
Ustekinumab induction responders who completed 44 weeks of maintenance treatment and agreed to enter the long-term extension continued their subcutaneous maintenance therapy (90 mg ustekinumab every 8 or 12 weeks [q8w or q12w] or placebo). Starting at week 56, randomized patients could receive dose adjustment to 90 mg q8w. Symptoms and adverse events were assessed through the study; endoscopic assessment was conducted at week 200.

RESULTS:
Of the 348 patients randomized to subcutaneous ustekinumab at maintenance baseline (q8w and q12w combined), 55.2% were in symptomatic remission at week 200. A greater proportion of biologic-naive patients (67.2% [117/174]) were in symptomatic remission than those with a history of biologic failure (41.6% [67/161]). Among patients in symptomatic remission at week 200, 96.4% were corticosteroid-free. Of the 171 patients with endoscopic evaluation at week 200, 81.6% (71/87) in the q12w group and 79.8% (67/84) in the q8w group had endoscopic improvement. From weeks 156 to the final safety visit (up to week 220), no deaths, major adverse cardiovascular events, or tuberculosis occurred in patients receiving ustekinumab. Nasopharyngitis, UC worsening, and upper respiratory tract infections were the most frequently reported adverse events.

DISCUSSION:
The long-term efficacy of ustekinumab maintenance in patients with UC was confirmed through 4 years. No new safety signals were observed. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT02407236.