bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inverted U-shaped association between bacillary dysentery and temperature: A new finding using a novel two-stage strategy in multi-region studies
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Yunqiong , Chen Lin , Zhou Bo , Liao Fang 
Published: November 2023

Background
Bacillary dysentery (BD) has brought a significant public health concern in China. Temperature is one of the main factors affecting BD incidence. Due to the largely different temperature ranges between regions, the classic multi-region time series studies could only explore the relative temperature-BD association and showed that BD incidence is positively associated with relative temperature (i.e., temperature percentile), which does not conform to the laboratory knowledge that both high and low temperature interfere with the survival of bacteria. The association on relative temperature scale also limits the intuition of epidemiological meanings.

Methods
A novel two-stage strategy was proposed to investigate the association between monthly temperature and BD incidence on the original temperature scale in 31 provinces, China. In the first stage, truncated polynomial splines, as the substitute of the common natural splines or B-splines in generalized additive models, were used to characterize the temperature-BD association on the original temperature scale in each province. In the second stage, a multivariate meta-analysis compatible with missing values was used to pool the associations. The classic strategy based on relative temperature was used as a reference.

Results
The average temperature-BD association presented a U-inverted shape, but not a monotonically increasing shape obtained using the classic strategy. This inverted U-shaped association conforms more to the laboratory knowledge and the original-scale association also provided an intuitive perspective and an easily explanatory result. Another advantage is that the novel strategy can extrapolate the province-specific association outside the observed temperature ranges by utilizing information from other provinces, which is meaningful considering the frequent incidences of extreme temperatures.

Conclusions
The association between temperature and BD incidence presented a U-inverted shape. The proposed strategy can efficiently characterize the association between exposure and outcome on original scale in a multi-region study with largely different exposure ranges.
Academia das Ciências de Lisboa
Authors: Gomes Soares Joana , Merêncio Maria Beatriz 
Published: November 2023

O Fundo da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa (ACL) reflete a estrutura orgânica e o contexto de produção informacional da instituição desde a sua fundação, em 1779, constituindo-se como fonte de excelência para o seu conhecimento e estudo da sua importância cultural. A documentação nele conservada reflete, portanto, a atividade de divulgação e educação científico-cultural desenvolvida nos últimos séculos em Portugal e na Europa pela ACL, enquanto espaço de difusão e adiantamento do conhecimento.
Neste sentido, o presente trabalho apresenta as várias etapas do projeto de organização e tratamento arquivístico do Fundo da ACL (1779-1978), tendo por base dois eixos, entre os quais se estabelece uma correlação intrínseca: o estudo da história institucional, fundamental para a compreensão das sinergias geradas entre produtores de informação e a própria documentação, em paralelo com o seu contexto de criação e propósito fundacional; e a prática de classificação numa perspetiva orgânico-funcional, de modo a sistematizar hierarquicamente as secções e séries documentais, respeitando a estrutura interna da Academia.
Principiando com uma revisão da literatura produzida em torno da classificação orgânico-funcional, revisitar-se-á a breve trecho as práticas de arquivamento contemporâneas de centros de promoção de ciência, para, de seguida, contextualizar historicamente a fundação da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, e respetiva evolução estatutária. Após uma aproximação das práticas de arquivamento pretéritas conduzidas na instituição, avançar-se-á para a análise orgânico-funcional e respetiva fundamentação normativa que suportam a proposta de classificação.
A numerical method for MHD Stokes model with applications in blood flow
Authors: Pandey Chitranjan , Kumar B. V. Rathish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Stokes equations have several applications in the field of biofluid dynamics. In the present study, we propose the staggered finite volume method (S-FVM) for MHD Stokes equations and establish its equivalence to a nonconforming finite element approximation. We also theoretically establish the convergence of the proposed S-FVM. The error estimation is carried out in an unstructured grid framework which is known for its flexibility and robustness in dealing with complex domains. The apriori estimate shows that the

L

2

{L}_{2}

-norm of the error for the pressure and velocity components is of order

h

h

, the spacial grid size. After validating the numerical performance of the scheme against benchmark test cases, we do numerical simulations for the blood flow through an injured arteriole and analyze the influence of the magnetic force on hemodynamics in the arteriole under an injured condition.
Initial assessment of the presence of plastic waste in some coastal mangrove forests in Vietnam
Authors: Thao Pham Thi Mai , Trinh Le Thi , Mai Vu Thi , Lam Mai Huong , Yen Ta Thi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plastic, valued for its low cost and durability, is widely used in various aspects of daily life. However, accumulative plastic waste (PW) has emerged as an increasing environmental concern that causes a negative impact on both public well-being and marine biodiversity. Studies on marine PW have focused primarily on the number of PW items collected without considering its accumulation in coastal areas. Hence, this study aims to address this gap by meticulously examining the mass and constitution of macro PW in the summertime mangrove ecosystems of Hau Loc, Cat Ba, and Nha Trang. This study revealed that the average densities of PW collected in Hau Loc, Cat Ba, and Nha Trang mangrove forests were 0.93, 0.23, and 0.18 items·m−2 in the morning collection, whereas the afternoon collection showed slightly lower densities of 0.31, 0.12, and 0.14 items·m−2 for the same locations. Although all PWs in the standard plots were collected in the morning, PWs were present in the afternoon after the rising tide. This initially proves that tide is one of the reasons for increasing the presence of PW in mangroves. The most common types of PWs collected included water bottles, plastic bags, ropes, freight lines, fishing nets, and sponge floats. When assessing the PW composition based on mass, low-density polyethylene was the dominant PW category in Hau Loc with 5.97 g·m−2. In Cat Ba, polypropylene was the highest with 11.87 g·m−2, while polyethylene terephthalate was the highest with 0.9 g·m−2 in Nha Trang during the morning sampling. The “Others” type of PW was not present in any of the three locations. This study provides useful information that can be a foundation for future studies to analyze the relationship between socio-economic activities and the presence of PW in mangroves. Additionally, they hold the potential to guide the formulation of targeted strategies aimed at curbing plastic pollution within Vietnam’s coastal regions.
Tendenzen im Fach DaF in den 2010er Jahren – im Lichte der Entwicklung der Forschung zur Aus- und Fortbildung von DaF-Lehrkräften im Ausland
Authors: Ohta Tatsuya 
Published: November 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, ausgehend von einem Überblick über die Beiträge von Info DaF in den 2010er Jahren, die Entwicklung der Forschung zur Aus- und Fortbildung von DaF-Lehrkräften im Ausland in diesem Jahrzehnt nachzuzeichnen. Dabei betont er das Potenzial insbesondere internationaler Kooperationen darin, Fortschritte in Praxis und Beforschung dieses Felds zu ermöglichen.
A Study on the Aesthetics of Chinese “Handscroll Films”
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhao Dailin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The handscroll, a traditional painting format in China, has had a profound impact on Chinese films. Handscrolls display not only lively landscape paintings, but also ingenious concepts. In Chinese cinema practice, a handscroll-like composition contributes to the combination of “immersion” (沉浸, Chenjin) and “understanding” (认识, Renshi), two different philosophical and aesthetic concepts. These are used to show a strong sense of history within the limited space of rectangular film scenes, reflecting dynamism and rich with soul. Combined with the technique of “looking back” (回眸, Huimou), handscroll-like compositions function as a chain of connectivity, further leading the audience into a reverie. Consequently, many young directors have applied this creative method to whole film structures in recent years, showing courage to push creative limits.
Accurate noise-robust classification of Bacillus species from MALDI-TOF MS spectra using a denoising autoencoder
Authors: Uvarova Yulia E. , Demenkov Pavel S. , Kuzmicheva Irina N. , Venzel Artur S. , Mischenko Elena L. , Ivanisenko Timofey V. , Efimov Vadim M. , Bannikova Svetlana V. , Vasilieva Asya R. , Ivanisenko Vladimir A. , Peltek Sergey E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bacillus strains are ubiquitous in the environment and are widely used in the microbiological industry as valuable enzyme sources, as well as in agriculture to stimulate plant growth. The Bacillus genus comprises several closely related groups of species. The rapid classification of these remains challenging using existing methods. Techniques based on MALDI-TOF MS data analysis hold significant promise for fast and precise microbial strains classification at both the genus and species levels. In previous work, we proposed a geometric approach to Bacillus strain classification based on mass spectra analysis via the centroid method (CM). One limitation of such methods is the noise in MS spectra. In this study, we used a denoising autoencoder (DAE) to improve bacteria classification accuracy under noisy MS spectra conditions. We employed a denoising autoencoder approach to convert noisy MS spectra into latent variables representing molecular patterns in the original MS data, and the Random Forest method to classify bacterial strains by latent variables. Comparison of the DAE-RF with the CM method using the artificially noisy test samples showed that DAE-RF offers higher noise robustness. Hence, the DAE-RF method could be utilized for noise-robust, fast, and neat classification of Bacillus species according to MALDI-TOF MS data.
Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide plus in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: Efficacy and safety analysis
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Zhang Li , Guo Qian , Zhao Lifen , Hao Yanyan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The decision for definitive therapy for the treatment of patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is difficult. Patients with CTD-ILD received 0.5 g twice a day of mycophenolate mofetil for 2 years (MMF cohort, n = 105) or cyclophosphamide 50 mg once every other day, and the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide should not exceed 10 g (CYC cohort, n = 140). After complete of treatment (EL), % forced vital capacity (FVC) and % diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide were increased in both the MMF and CYC cohorts as compared to before treatment (p < 0.001 for all). There were higher changes in % FVC values and a greater number of patients with significant change in % FVC (>10% change) in the CYC cohort than in the MMF cohort (p < 0.0001 for both) at EL. Patients in the CYC cohort had higher rates of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, serious adverse effects related to treatment(s), and death than those in the MMF cohort (p < 0.05 for all). Cyclophosphamide plus prednisolone superiorly improved % FVC compared to mycophenolate mofetil plus prednisolone. Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclophosphamide improved pulmonary function. Mycophenolate mofetil is less toxic and increased patient survival.
Pilgrimage in Pre-Islamic Arabia: Continuity and Rupture from Epigraphic Texts to the Qur’an
Authors: Dost Suleyman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
References to the pilgrimage in the Qur’an, called ḥajj and ʿumra, are often very brief, but recent studies have shown that most of what is gleaned from the Qur’an about the practice can find parallels in pilgrimages to other sites in Arabia. In this article, I read the Qur’anic data on ḥajj and ʿumra in the light of Arabian inscriptions that mention pilgrimage rituals. In particular, the annual pilgrimage to the Awām Temple in Ma’rib in South Arabia, about which we know a great deal, can shed light on the larger context of the ritual in pre-Islamic Arabia. I argue based on a discussion of Qur’anic and epigraphic materials that the ḥajj and ʿumra of the Qur’an share many elements with other Arabian pilgrimages, but the Qur’an clearly expresses discontent with certain practices of pre-Islamic pilgrimage such as ritual hunt while endorsing or approving others such as the procession between the hills of al-Ṣafā and al-Marwa. Most importantly, I contend that the Qur’an attempts to decouple pilgrimage and animal sacrifice especially due to the latter’s strong association with physical objects of veneration called awthān and nuṣub in the Qur’an.
From the Aramaic raḥmānāʾ to raḥmānān and al-raḥmān
Authors: Gorea Maria 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The oldest record of the notion of “mercy”, raḥmān, in Aramaic is known from a bilingual text in which the word is the translation of the Akkadian rēmēnû. The latter is used in Mesopotamian onomastics, hymns and prayers, which delivered the oldest formulae of calls for the mercy of gods, especially in a recurrent expression: “the merciful god, that is good to pray,” translated verbatim in the Aramaic text of the statue of Tell Fekheryeh. Almost a thousand years later, the same wording has been inherited unchanged in Palmyrene Aramaic. Nevertheless, the Palmyrene interest on the divine epithet raḥmān and its revival in Palmyrene epigraphy may be explained by the influence of the new Roman concept of clementia. Meanwhile, this contribution proposes to outline a chronology of the Aramaic inscriptions from Syria and Palestine, in which raḥmānāʾ is either the main substitute for the divine name, or a major divine epithet. As the Akkadian phonetic assimilates the consonant <ḥ> to the laryngeal <ʾ> but preserves the velar <ḫ>, the supposed East Semitic root was rḥm, not rḫm. On the contrary, in the Arabian Peninsula, the earliest attested root is rḫm, as evidenced by South Arabic onomastics or toponymy. A late use of rḥm in South Arabic as a verb or noun is the result of a loan from Aramaic and does not appear until the fifth century AD. The first South Arabian inscriptions naming the monotheistic god raḥmānn are preceded by the Palmyrene inscriptions by almost two centuries and are contemporary with the Jewish-Aramaic inscriptions in the Palestinian synagogues, which call the God Raḥmānāʾ. Late, the Aramaic epithet was transferred to the Arabic al-raḥmān, through South Arabian.
The Impact of Mobile Phones on Change in Employment Status in South Africa
Authors: Grzybowski Lukasz , Patel Zubair Maghmood 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper we analyse whether having a mobile phone impacts chances of getting employed. We use five waves of panel data from the National Income Dynamic Survey (NIDS), which was conducted in South Africa between years 2008 and 2017. In the estimation we include a vector of observable individual and household characteristics and account for unobserved heterogeneity amongst individuals. The estimation results suggest that mobile phone ownership has a positive impact on the change in employment status from unemployed to employed. On the other hand, ownership of a computer by a household and computer literacy do not increase the likelihood of getting employed. The average probability of becoming employed increases from 54.2 % when no one among unemployed adults has a mobile phone to 57.4 % when all of them have a mobile phone, which is an increase of 5.9 %.
Synthesis and crystal structure of the zinc borate Zn6B22O39·H2O
Authors: Ziegler Raimund , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The synthesis and crystal structure of Zn6B22O39·H2O are described. This new zinc borate was synthesized at 7 GPa and 1523 K in a multianvil device. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with the lattice parameters a = 818.77(4), b = 768.42(3), c = 1744.82(9) pm, V = 1.09777(9) nm3, and two formula units per unit cell (Z = 2). The structure is closely related to those of M
6B22O39·H2O (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cd) and features non-planar (BO3) units as demonstrated by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction techniques.
Magnesium at physiological pregnancy and at its complications
Authors: Nagorna V.F. , Kulish T.A. 
Published: November 2023

Sources of literature on the role of the trace element magnesium and the assosiation with calcium in physiological processes in the body of reproductive aged women and pregnant women, the importance of its main functions and role in preventing the main pregnancy complications were analyzed.
Magnesium is the fourth most important extracellular cation after sodium, potassium and calcium and the second intracellular cation in importance after potassium. Many researchers have proven the participation of magnesium in almost everyone important functions in the body. Magnesium performs the following functions which are closely interconnected: metabolic, energetic, enzymatic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, vascular, neuroprotective, structural, is an antagonist of calcium and an agonist of NMDA receptors. Magnesium realizes its functions in close interaction with cations of sodium, potassium and calcium. It acts as a calcium antagonist. It should be noted attention to the understanding of the interaction of divalent cations-competitors of magnesium and calcium. Calcium has complex influences on interaction of magnesium with blood proteins, reduces its concentration, which can affect physiological processes during pregnancy and in non-pregnant women.
Today, magnesium is used only for prevention and treatment of eclampsia, in which anticonvulsants are commonly used ineffective. It can be assumed that different convulsive states have different intracellularly or extracellularly magnesium concentration is important in the pathogenesis and occurrence of eclampsia. Determination of magnesium concentration never was indicated in the recommendations for the management of preeclampsia. Magnesium use is insufficiently substantiated in cases of uterus contraction activity in any conditions (threat of abortion, premature birth) and prevention of pathological blood clot formation (as causes of multiple complications of pregnancy), neuroprotective effect on a child.
The role of magnesium in the production of steroid hormones has been proven. However, this effect remains unrealized in obstetrics and gynecology practice.
Data from literature sources given in the article help justify the use of magnesium and analyze its interaction with calcium during pregnancy.
PERAN PEMIKIRAN FATIMA MERNISSI DALAM MEMAHAMI ISLAM DAN KEMODERNAN DI MAROKO
Authors: Taufik Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This article discusses Islam and modernity in a country in North Africa, Morocco. The research question is how is Islam and modernity in Morocco and their relationship to the fate of women in the perspective of Fatima Mernissi? From the results of this study, it was found that between Islam and modernity in Morocco is something that has not meet expectations. According to Mernissi, there is still marginalization of women in the socio-political and religious aspects of life in Morocco. Because it is related to the interpretation of religion, Mernissi said that there is a need for a hermeneutical and socio-historical approach that adapts to the context, Islam for her is always actual in its development, including in this modern era. What is new from this research is that Islam and modernity in Morocco have not gone hand in hand, although times have changed, they are still not in line. While the goal that the author wants to achieve in this paper is to complete the lack of studies that have ever existed about Mernissi's thinking whose emphasis is that modernity should be directly proportional to the fate of women who are equal to men.Keywords: Islam; Modernity; Morocco; Fatima Mernissi; Hermeneutik and Socio Historical Approach; Marginalization of Women Abstrak: Dalam artikel ini, kami menganalisis hubungan antara Islam dan modernitas di Maroko, sebuah negara di Afrika Utara, melalui lensa pemikiran Fatima Mernissi. Kami bertanya bagaimana Islam dan modernitas di Maroko dan hubungannya dengan nasib perempuan dilihat dari perspektif Mernissi. Melalui studi ini, kami menemukan bahwa hubungan antara Islam dan modernitas di Maroko belum sesuai dengan harapan. Menurut Mernissi, masih terdapat marginalisasi perempuan dalam aspek sosial-politik dan agama dalam kehidupan di Maroko. Karena ini terkait dengan interpretasi agama, Mernissi menyatakan bahwa diperlukan pendekatan hermeneutik dan sosio-historis yang sesuai dengan konteks. Menurutnya, Islam selalu relevan dalam perkembangannya, termasuk dalam era modern ini. Hasil baru dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Islam dan modernitas di Maroko belum berjalan bersama-sama, meskipun zaman telah berubah, mereka masih tidak selaras. Tujuan dari penulis dalam artikel ini adalah untuk menyelesaikan kekurangan studi yang pernah ada tentang pemikiran Mernissi yang menekankan bahwa modernitas harus sebanding dengan nasib perempuan yang sama dengan laki-laki.Kata Kunci: Islam, Modernitas, Maroko, Fatima Mernissi, Pendekatan Hermeneutik dan Sosio-Historis, Marginalisasi Perempuan