bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETORNOS SALARIAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE: EVIDÊNCIAS RECENTES
Authors: Ferreira da Cunha Jackson David , Nunes de Souza José Antonio , Da Silva Ferreira Francisco Danilo , Moura da Costa Fagner , Oliveira da Nóbrega Janduir 
Published: February 2024

O presente estudo tem como objetivo estimar os retornos salariais da educação no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os procedimentos metodológicos usados consistiram em dois modelos recorrentemente aplicados na literatura: regressão por Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO) e o modelo de correção de viés de seleção amostra (Heckman). A base de dados usada no presente trabalho foi retirada da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de domicílio (PNAD) do ano de 2015 de onde se obteve as variáveis usadas nos modelos econométricos. Os resultados encontrados mostraram inicialmente que o grau de instrução da população potiguar tem melhorado nos últimos anos. Os coeficientes estimados nos dois procedimentos econométricos apontam uma correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre os retornos salariais, investimento em educação e a experiencia dos indivíduos da amostra utilizada. Os resultados também apontam maiores retornos salariais para indivíduos com maiores anos de estudo, sobretudo ligados ao ensino médio e superior.
Iron chelating bacteria: a carrier for biofortification and plant growth promotion
Authors: Patel Priyanka , Bhatt Shreyas , Patel Hardik , Saraf Meenu 
Published: February 2024

Biofortification is the process by which the nutritional quality of food crops is improved through agronomic practices, conventional plant breeding, or modern biotechnology to focus on malnourishment in developing countries. Under iron restricted environment certain bacteria (iron chelating bacteria) produced iron chelating molecules called as siderophore. This review gives an overview of Need for biofortification, Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Plant growth promoting consortia, importance of iron for human health, uptake of iron in plants, iron chelating (siderophore producing) bacteria as plant growth promotor, siderophore, generalized mechanism for siderophore-mediated iron transport in bacteria and the possible approaches to enhancing iron content in plants by implementing iron chelating bacteria as biotechnological carrier for increasing plant nutrition, yield and quality.
Some new records of mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with greenhouse plants from Iran
Authors: Ghasemi Amir , Hajizadeh Jalil 
Published: February 2024

During 2018-2019, fauna of mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with greenhouse plants were collected and identified in Rasht region, Guilan Province, Northern Iran. Totally, 62 species belonging to 36 genera and 17 families were collected and identified. Among them, 6 species Cilliba sellnicki (Hirschmann & Zirngiebl-Nicol, 1964), Epicrius canestrinii (Haller, 1881), Vulgarogamasus trouessarti (Berlese, 1892), Rhodacarellus epigynalis Sheals, 1956, Gamasolaelaps excisus (Koch, 1879) and Proctolaelaps holoventris Moraes et al., 2016 are new record for mite’s fauna of Iran.
The Experiencing Face
Authors: Katila Julia 
Published: February 2024

In this study, I uncover the moment-by-moment emergence of what I call an “experiencing face” during kisses and hugs between romantic partners. At such moments of intimate touch, the facial gestures often momentarily “shut down” to simply give way to experiencing the emotion and tactile “being-with another person” (M.H. Goodwin, 2017: 76). Focusing on the multisensoriality of the face during kisses and hugs, I reflect on some ways of face-on-communication—direct communication through faces touching. Previous EMCA studies have taken a communicative (see Ruusuvuori, 2013) approach to facial expressions. I add to the study of facial expressions by including a focus on the simultaneity of, and an interplay between, communicative and felt aspects of the face in interaction. Taking a phenomenological perspective on interaction studies based on Merleau-Ponty (1962), I approach facial postures from an intercorporeal framework (Meyer et al., 2017): facial postures are expressions of “living bodies” (Streeck, 2013) entailing felt and communicative features.
Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Producing Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and their Resistance Profiles in Enugu, Nigeria: A Threat to Public Health
Authors: Maduakor Uzoamaka Charity , Eleazar Clara Idara , Mba Chidi George , Obodochukwu Chiamaka Cynthia , Eberechukwu Chioma Lily , Ogu Cornelius Osinachi 
Published: February 2024

Background: A potential threat to public health is the rapidly spreading enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae which produce metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL). This study evaluated the prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) from clinical and non-clinical sources in Enugu Metropolis.
Methodology: The study was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla between October 2020 and July 2021. A total of 150 isolates including 85 and 65 isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively was recovered. Standard microbiology procedures were used to identify and characterize the isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Phenotypic detection of Metallo-beta-lactamase production was determined using Combined Disk Tests.
Results: Imipenem resistance was detected in 22 (25.9%) isolates of E. coli and 18 (27.7%) isolates of K. pneumoniae. Of the 22 strains of E. coli that were imipenem resistant, 8 (9.4%) and 14 (16.5%) were found to be MBL producers and non-MBL respectively. Of the 18 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae that were imipenem resistant, 10 (15.4%) were MBL producers and 8 (12.3%) were non-MBL producers. The highest prevalence of MBL was recovered from urine sources in both E. coli and K. pneumonieae. All MBL-producing isolates were multidrug resistant.
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of MBL in this study was 12.0%. Public health is at risk due to the occurrence of metallo-beta-lactamase. Antimicrobial stewardship and the implementation of infection control strategies are required to halt the spread of these resistant bacteria in the environment. The use of antibiotics should be with utmost prudence.
Computational study of a single‐phase flow in packed beds of spheres
Authors: Gunjal Prashant R. , Ranade Vivek V. , Chaudhari Raghunath V. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPacked‐bed reactors are widely used in petrochemical, fine chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Detailed knowledge of interstitial flow in the void space of such packed‐bed reactors is essential for understanding the heat and mass transfer characteristics. In this paper, fluid flow through the array of spheres was studied using the unit‐cell approach, in which different periodically repeating arrangements of particles such as simple cubical, 1‐D rhombohedral, 3‐D rhombohedral, and face‐centered cubical geometries were considered. Single‐phase flow through these geometries was simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The model was first validated by comparing predicted results with published experimental and computational results. The validated model was further used to study the effect of particle arrangement/orientation on velocity distribution and heat transfer characteristics. The simulated results were also used to understand and to quantify relative contributions of surface drag and form drag in overall resistance to the flow through packed‐bed reactors. The model and the results presented here would be useful in elucidating the role of microscopic flow structure on mixing and other transport processes occurring in packed‐bed reactors. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 365–378, 2005
Effect of internal and external resistances on the swelling of droplets
Authors: Phongikaroon Supathorn , Calabrese Richard V. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe diffusion equation is solved, subject to a quasi‐steady approximation, to determine the swelling rate of a spherical drop in an infinite medium. External convective mass transfer to the growing drop surface is accounted for as a boundary condition. Three cases are considered: the general case of finite Biot number (Bi), and the limiting cases of infinite Bi (negligible external convective resistance), and low Bi (negligible internal diffusion resistance). Analytical approximations and numerical solutions are developed and detailed results are presented. The dimensionless swelling rate is governed by a dimensionless mass driving force (), a dimensionless time (X), and the Biot number. The various models are compared over the range 0.001 < < 1.0; 10−5 < X < 500; and 0.01 < Bi < ∞ to determine when the more easily applied analytical approximations are valid, and to determine the critical Bi for which internal diffusion resistance or external convective resistance can be ignored. In these limits the simpler low Bi or infinite Bi models can be applied, respectively, in place of the finite Bi model. The results show that the analytical approximations are valid for ≤ 0.05. Furthermore, the infinite Bi numerical solution is accurate for Bi > 100, whereas the low Bi solution is valid for Bi < 1. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 379–391, 2005
Zur frühen Geschichte der Paläocheloniologie von Schaumburg‐Lippe. Die Rolle des Gymnasial‐Professors Max Ballerstedt in der Naturwissenschaft
Authors: Karl Hans‐Volker , Tichy Gottfried 
Published: January 2005

AbstractA survey is given on some new aspects of the early history to the palaeochelonology in Schaumburg‐Lippe (Northern Germany). The very slow development of this is good reconstructable on base of authentic estates. It is the first time to made such a nearly complete reconstruction.
Das Förderprofil der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft 1949 bis 1969
Authors: Orth Karin 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe DFG, short for ‘Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft’ (German Research Foundation), was founded in 1920 and re‐founded after the 2. World War in 1949. This article concentrates on the activities of the DFG in the period between 1949 and the end of the sixties and on the two major programmes (the so‐called ‘Individual Grants Programme’ and the so‐called ‘Priority Programme’) because until now it has not been known, how many — and more importantly — which studies in which disciplines had been financed by the DFG.All together almost 54.000 studies (36.500 in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ and 17.400 in the ‘Priority Programmes’) were accomplished with the support of the DFG, whereas — in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ — less than 3.000 proposals were declined (there are no figures for the ‘Priority Programmes’). Till the end of the seventies the whole amount of money allocated for the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ was not fixed for the different disciplines in advance. Consequently every proposal submitted in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ had to compete against all others for the overall allocated funds. Who — in other words: which of the disciplines — won this competition? The analysis shows a clear result. With regard to both, the number of successful proposals and the money received, the winner was medical science (with 23 percent of all successful proposals in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’). Chemistry finished second with 15 percent and then biology a distant third (9 percent), followed by physics (8 percent) and agronomy (8 percent).Coming to the ‘Priority Programmes’, which were instituted in the middle of the 1950s, it must first be stated that here the topic is fixed in advance. The broad issue of investigation is devised by the DFG itself or — to be more precise — by the Senate of the DFG. In contrast to the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ the ‘Priority Programme’ can therefore be seen as an important instrument of the politics of research support. This leads to the following question: Which programmes did the DFG establish between 1954 and 1969? In other words: Which research topics or fields were, in the view of the DFG, the most important ones? The database again shows a clear result. Almost 50 percent of the money distributed overall and more than 50 percent of all programmes were benefitted to natural science, another fifth part to engineering technology (which didn't play an important role in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’). Medical science which was the most successful discipline in the ‘Individual Grants Programme’ received 16 percent of the funds. With regard to — first — the number of successful proposals within a Programme, — second — to the money received and — third — to the duration there were three frontrunner programmes: nourishment research, research on water and hydraulic engineering, and aeronautical research. And the humanities? The DFG didn't grant much relief giving only 7 percent to these disciplines.
Human serum albumin complexes with chlorophyll and chlorophyllin
Authors: Ouameur A. Ahmed , Marty R. , Tajmir‐Riahi H.A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractPorphyrins and their metal derivatives are strong protein binders. Some of these compounds have been used for radiation sensitization therapy of cancer and are targeted to interact with cellular DNA and protein. The presence of several high‐affinity binding sites on human serum albumin (HSA) makes it possible target for many organic and inorganic molecules. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyllin (a food‐grade derivative of chlorophyll), the ubiquitous green plant pigment widely consumed by humans, are potent inhibitors of experimental carcinogenesis and interact with protein and DNA in many ways. This study was designed to examine the interaction of HSA with chlorophyll (Chl) and chlorophyllin (Chln) in aqueous solution at physiological conditions. Fourier transform infrared, UV‐visible, and CD spectroscopic methods were used to determine the pigment binding mode, the binding constant, and the effects of porphyrin complexation on protein secondary structure. Spectroscopic results showed that chlorophyll and chlorophyllin are located along the polypeptide chains with no specific interaction. Stronger protein association was observed for Chl than for Chln, with overall binding constants of KChl = 2.9 × 104M−1 and KChln = 7.0 × 103M−1. The protein conformation was altered (infrared data) with reduction of α‐helix from 55% (free HSA) to 41–40% and increase of β‐structure from 22% (free HSA) to 29–35% in the pigment–protein complexes. Using the CDSSTR program (CD data) also showed major reduction of α‐helix from 66% (free HSA) to 58 and 55% upon complexation with Chl and Chln, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers, 2005
Interplay of charge distribution and conformation in peptides: Comparison of theory and experiment
Authors: Makowska Joanna , Bagińska Katarzyna , Kasprzykowski F. , Vila Jorge A. , Jagielska Anna , Liwo Adam , Chmurzyński Lech , Scheraga Harold A. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractWe assessed the correlation between charge distribution and conformation of flexible peptides by comparing the theoretically calculated potentiometric‐titration curves of two model peptides, Ac–Lys5–NHMe (a model of poly‐L‐lysine) and Ac–Lys–Ala11–Lys–Gly2–Tyr–NH2 (P1) in water and methanol, with the experimental curves. The calculation procedure consisted of three steps: (i) global conformational search of the peptide under study using the electrostatically driven Monte Carlo (EDMC) method with the empirical conformational energy program for peptides (ECEPP)/3 force field plus the surface‐hydration (SRFOPT) or the generalized Born surface area (GBSA) solvation model as well as a molecular dynamics method with the assisted model building and energy refinement (AMBER)99/GBSA force field; (ii) reevaluation of the energy in the pH range considered by using the modified Poisson–Boltzmann approach and taking into account all possible protonation microstates of each conformation, and (iii) calculation of the average degree of protonation of the peptide at a given pH value by Boltzmann averaging over conformations. For Ac–Lys5–NHMe, the computed titration curve agrees qualitatively with the experimental curve of poly‐L‐lysine in 95% methanol. The experimental titration curves of peptide P1 in water and methanol indicate a remarkable downshift of the first pKa value compared to the values for reference compounds (n‐butylamine and phenol, respectively), suggesting the presence of a hydrogen bond between the tyrosine hydroxyl oxygen and the Hϵ proton of a protonated lysine side chain. The theoretical titration curves agree well with the experimental curves, if conformations with such hydrogen bonds constitute a significant part of the ensemble; otherwise, the theory predicts too small a downward pH shift. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci), 2005
Electrophilic Attack on Sulfur–Sulfur Bonds: Coordination of Lithium Cations to Sulfur‐Rich Molecules Studied by Ab Initio MO Methods
Authors: Steudel Yana , Wong Ming Wah , Steudel Ralf 
Published: January 2005

AbstractComplex formation between gaseous Li+ions and sulfur‐containing neutral ligands, such as H2S, Me2Sn(n= 1–5; Me = CH3) and various isomers of hexasulfur (S6), has been studied by ab initio MO calculations at the G3X(MP2) level of theory. Generally, the formation of LiSnheterocycles and clusters is preferred in these reactions. The binding energies of the cation in the 29 complexes investigated range from −88 kJ mol−1for [H2SLi]+to −189 kJ mol−1for the most stable isomer of [Me2S5Li]+which contains three‐coordinate Li+. Of the various S6ligands (chair, boat, prism, branched ring, and triplet chain structures), two isomeric complexes containing the S5S ligand have the highest binding energies (−163±1 kJ mol−1). However, the global minimum structure of [LiS6]+is ofC3vsymmetry with the six‐membered S6homocycle in the well‐known chair conformation and three LiS bonds with a length of 256 pm (binding energy: −134 kJ mol−1). Relatively unstable isomers of S6are stabilized by complex formation with Li+. The interaction between the cation and the S6ligands is mainly attributed to ion–dipole attraction with a little charge transfer, except in cations containing the six sulfur atoms in the form of separated neutral S2, S3, or S4units, as in [Li(S3)2]+and [Li(S2)(S4)]+. In the two most stable isomers of the [LiS6]+complexes, the number of SS bonds is at maximum and the coordination number of Li+is either 3 or 4. A topological analysis of all investigated complexes revealed that the LiS bonds of lengths below 280 pm are characterized by a maximum electron‐density path and closed‐shell interaction.
Controlled Switchable Surface
Authors: Liu Ying , Mu Li , Liu Baohong , Kong Jilie 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe macroscopic properties of a surface can be intelligently controlled by alternating the states of the modified molecules, such as polymers, metallic oxide, or self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs). This article reviews various approaches to create a switchable surface and different types of external stimuli used to switch the surface properties. This area is of potential benefit for biomaterials, biosensors, information storage, microfluidic systems, adhesive materials, nanolithography, and so on.
The Gas Phase Acidity of Oligofluorobenzenes and Oligochlorobenzenes: About the Additivity or Non‐Additivity of Substituent Effects
Authors: Hyla‐Kryspin Isabella , Grimme Stefan , Büker Heinz H. , Nibbering Nico M. M. , Cottet Fabrice , Schlosser Manfred 
Published: January 2005

AbstractThe deprotonation energies of benzene, fluorobenzene, all di‐, tri‐, and tetrafluorobenzenes, pentafluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, all di‐, tri‐, and tetrachlorobenzenes, and pentachlorobenzene have been calculated at various levels of second‐order Møller–Plesset and density functional theory. Taking the previously determined experimental data as a benchmark, good agreement was achieved in the chloro series even with moderate computational effort, whereas more extended basis sets have to be used to obtain meaningful numbers in the fluoro series. Apparently, most extensive electron correlation is required to avoid artifacts caused by the proximity of nonbonding lone pairs at the carbanionic center and at the fluorine atoms. When two or more fluorine substituents were introduced in the same aromatic ring, their individual effects (as defined by position‐dependent acidity increments) proved to be perfectly additive in the entire series. In contrast, the acidifying effect of chloro substituents was found to level off when the number of such halogens increases. Additivity or non‐additivity of element effects cannot be ascertained after having merely compared the acidity of mono‐ and disubstituted substrates, but only after having moved to higher degrees of substitution.
Radical cystectomy in the elderly
Authors: Clark Peter E. , Stein John P. , Groshen Susan G. , Cai Jie , Miranda Gus , Lieskovsky Gary , Skinner Donald G. 
Published: January 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe authors reported their experience with radical cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. They compared pathologic features and survival rates between older and younger patients.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 1054 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder TCC between 1971 and 1997. Four age groups were compared: < 60 years old at the time of cystectomy (n= 310), 60–69 years old (n= 381), 70–79 years old (n= 313), and ≥ 80 years old (n= 50).RESULTSThere were no significant differences in pathologic features among the groups regarding frequency of carcinoma in situ, high‐grade disease, p53 status, and lymph node positivity. However, in the age groups < 60, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80, 45%, 49%, 51%, and 72% of patients, respectively, had extravesical TCC (P=0.004). Significant differences also were seen in the proportion of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (26%, 26%, 15%, and 6%, respectively;P< 0.001). The 5‐year overall survival rates for patients < 60, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years old were 72%, 58%, 54%, and 33%, respectively (P< 0.001). The 5‐year disease recurrence‐free survival rates were 75%, 65%, 68%, and 45%, respectively (P= 0.003). The elderly had a lower probability of receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.CONCLUSIONSElderly patients undergoing cystectomy for TCC had similar pathologic features (except for disease stage) as younger patients. In the current series, elderly patients undergoing cystectomy had a higher pathologic stage and were less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy. The elderly hade worse disease recurrence‐free survival rates. Further work is needed to identify the causes for this and to develop strategies to improve cancer control in elderly patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.