bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic, ultrasonographic, and endoscopic findings in cats with inflammatory bowel disease of the stomach and small intestine: 33 cases (1990–1997)
Authors: Baez Jennifer L. , Hendrick Mattie J. , Walker Lynn M. , Washabau Robert J. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To characterize imaging findings in cats with confirmed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of the upper gastrointestinal tract (ie, stomach and small intestine) and relate these findings to clinical signs and histologic changes.

Design
Retrospective study.

Animals
33 cats with clinical and histopathologic diagnoses of IBD.

Procedure
Medical records were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathologic findings, radiographic and ultrasonographic findings, and results of endoscopic examination. Histologic findings were reviewed and characterized by severity and type of inflammatory infiltrate.

Results
All cats had 1 or more clinical signs (eg, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and anorexia) consistent with IBD. Lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates were observed in histologic sections of gastrointestinal tissue. Crypt distortion, villous blunting and fusion, and fibrosis were most commonly seen in cats with moderate or severe IBD. Clinicopathologic findings of some cats included anemia, leukocytosis or leukopenia, hypocholesterolemia, and hyper- or hypoproteinemia. Abnormalities were not found on abdominal radiographic views in 9 of 9 cats. However, contrast studies using barium revealed radiographic abnormalities in 1 of 3 cats. In 13 of 17 cats, abdominal ultrasonography revealed several intestinal abnormalities (eg, poor intestinal wall layer definition, focal thickening) and large mesenteric lymph nodes with hypoechoic changes consistent with IBD. Endoscopic observation revealed findings (eg, erythema, plaques, mucosal friability) consistent with inflammation in 9 of 18 cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Compared with endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract or abdominal radiography, clinical signs and ultrasonographic findings appear to have the best association with histologic grade of IBD in cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:349–354)
Percutaneous lung biopsy in cattle
Authors: Braun Ueli , Estermann Urs , Feige Karsten , Sydler Titus , Pospischil Andreas 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To determine safety of lung biopsy in healthy cattle and compare 3 biopsy instruments for suitability of use.

Design
Prospective study.

Animals
60 healthy cows.

Procedure
Bilateral lung biopsy through the ninth intercostal space was attempted in all cows. The procedure was performed with cows standing and restrained by an assistant. To study the short-term effects of lung biopsy, 50 cows were slaughtered 1 day after the procedure and examined. To study the long-term effects of lung biopsy, the remaining 10 cows were examined daily for 10 days and then slaughtered. Three biopsy instruments—the Autovac biopsy canula, the Tru-Cut needle, and the Bard Biopty-System—were evaluated.

Results
2 cows collapsed momentarily during the procedure but recovered quickly. The remaining cows did not develop adverse effects, and general attitude and condition were not affected. Postmortem examination of the 50 cows slaughtered 1 day after the procedure revealed lesions ≤ 5.0 mm long and with a surface area ≤ 4.0 mm2 at 108 of 154 (71%) biopsy sites involving the pulmonary pleura. Biopsy specimens were obtained during 48 of 50 (96%) procedures in which the Tru-Cut needle was used, during 38 of 39 (97%) procedures in which the Bard Biopty-System was used, and during only 1 of 11 biopsy procedures in which the Autovac canula was used. At postmortem examination of the 10 cows slaughtered 10 days after the procedure, lesions were seen as small scars; adhesions were not observed.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Percutaneous lung biopsy is a safe procedure in healthy cows. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:679–681)
Effects of clomipramine hydrochloride on dominance-related aggression in dogs
Authors: White Marilyn M. , Neilson Jacqueline C. , Hart Benjamin L. , Cliff Kelly D. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To compare effects of the serotonergic drug clomipramine hydrochloride with those of placebo for treatment of dominance-related aggression in dogs.

Design
Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.

Animals
28 neutered dogs > 1 year old with dominance-related aggression.

Procedure
Dogs displaying ≥ 3 aggressive episodes/wk toward ≥ 1 human family member in response to identifiable behavioral triggers were included in the study. Owners were instructed not to change patterns of interaction with their dogs during the study. After 2 weeks of baseline observations, dogs were treated for 6 weeks with clomipramine (1.5 mg/kg [0.7 mg/lb] of body weight, q 12 h; n = 15) or placebo (13). Responses to triggers were assigned the following aggression scores: no response, 0; growl or lip curl, 1; snap or bite, 2. Mean scores for responses to triggers were obtained during the 2-week pretreatment period (baseline) and during the first and second weeks, third and fourth weeks, and fifth and sixth weeks of treatment. At the end of the study, owners assigned a score designed to evaluate their overall perceived change in aggressiveness; this was referred to as the global score.

Results
Mean aggression scores decreased at the fifth and sixth week of treatment in both groups, compared with baseline scores. However, mean scores between groups were not different. Global scores, assigned by the owner, generally reflected changes in mean aggression scores.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Compared with placebo, clomipramine administered to dogs at the dosage recommended for treatment of separation anxiety did not reduce aggressiveness toward human family members. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999; 215:1288–1291)
Measurements of reproductive function in stallions treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pyrimethamine
Authors: Bedford Sylvia J. , McDonnell Sue M. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To evaluate the effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pyrimethamine treatment on various measures of reproductive function in healthy pony stallions.

Design
Randomized complete block study.

Animals
12 healthy, mature pony stallions.

Procedure
Stallions were assigned to treatment and control groups balanced for age and various characteristics of reproductive function. The treated group received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pyrimethamine for 90 days during summer and fall; the control group was not treated. Semen characteristics, sexual behavior, testicular volume, and sperm production efficiency were evaluated before treatment started and at 30-day intervals until 60 days after treatment ended.

Results
Effects of treatment were not detected for semen characteristics, testicular volume, sperm production efficiency, libido, erection, and quantitative measures of ejaculatory efficiency. At 30, 60, and 90 days, 4 of 6 treated stallions had unsteadiness upon mounting, clumsy or weak thrusting, failure to flex the back, and thready or inapparent ejaculatory pulses that resulted in dribbling of semen rather than forceful expulsion.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Although treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pyrimethamine may not affect semen quality, testicular volume, sperm production efficiency, erection, or libido of healthy stallions, treatment may induce changes in copulatory form and agility and alter the pattern and strength of ejaculation. Stallions that develop neurologic signs during treatment should be used with caution for breeding. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1317–1319)
Perceptions of fourth-year veterinary students about the human-animal bond in veterinary practice and in veterinary college curricula
Authors: Williams Susan , Butler Carolyn , Sontag Mary-Ann 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To assess veterinary students' perceptions regarding the importance of addressing the human-animal bond in veterinary practice and their perceptions about the adequacy of curricula on the human-animal bond as presented in US veterinary colleges.

Design
Survey.

Procedure
Data were collected via a brief questionnaire mailed during the summer of 1996. Questionnaires were returned by 552 senior veterinary students representing 21 of 27 veterinary colleges in the United States.

Results
Senior veterinary students believed that the human-animal bond should be a concern of practicing veterinarians, but most did not believe they were receiving adequate instruction about the human-animal bond in their veterinary colleges. Gender was significantly related to differences in perceptions; female students appeared to have more interest in addressing the human-animal bond than male students. Students in small animal programs viewed the human-animal bond differently than those in large animal programs. Finally, students attending schools with extensive human-animal bond or human relations curricula were more likely to believe they were receiving adequate instruction in this area than students in other schools.

Conclusions and Clinical Implications
Curricula addressing the human-animal bond need to be developed and implemented in veterinary colleges in the United States. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1428–1432)
Diarrhea associated with trichomonosis in cats
Authors: Gookin Jody L. , Breitschwerdt Edward B. , Levy Michael G. , Gager Robin B. , Benrud Judy G. 
Published: December 2023

Objective
To establish clinical features, course of illness, and treatment outcome of cats with diarrhea and concurrent infection with Trichomonas organisms. Prevalence of fecal trichomonads in a geographically comparable population of healthy indoor and feral cats also was assessed.

Design
Longitudinal study and a cohort study.

Animals
32 cats with diarrhea and naturally acquired trichomonosis that were native to North Carolina, Virginia, Connecticut, and Tennessee; 20 healthy indoor cats; and 100 feral cats.

Procedure
Trichomonosis was diagnosed in 32 cats by identification of organisms in fresh feces or by protozoal culture of feces.

Results
Diarrhea associated with the large intestine and trichomonosis were diagnosed in 32 cats. Median age of the cats was 9 months; 23 cats were ≤ 1 year old at the time of diagnosis. Two cats developed diarrhea accompanied by infection with Trichomonas organisms after the addition of an infected kitten into the home. Duration of diarrhea ranged from 2 days to 3 years. Six cats had a coexisting enteric infection. Treatment with antimicrobials improved fecal consistency and reduced the number of flagellates in the feces, but did not eliminate infection. Diarrhea (with microscopically detectable flagellates) was observed shortly after antibiotics were discontinued. Trichomonads were not recovered from feces of any healthy indoor or feral cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Our findings suggest that trichomonosis may be a cofactor in development of diarrhea in young cats. Trichomonas organisms were not identified as part of the indiginous fauna of healthy indoor or feral cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;215:1450–1454)
The early predictive value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio to hemorrhagic transformation of young acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Wen Huijun , Wang Ning , Lv Min , Yang Yue , Liu Hongmei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
The increasing incidence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the related factors. Hemorrhagic transformation (HT), a severe complication of AIS, is influenced by platelet-induced inflammation and lymphocyte levels.

Objective
To measure the predictive value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the occurrence of HT in young AIS patients.

Methods
Data of young AIS patients (n = 157) admitted to the hospital for the first time were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into HT (63 patients) and non-HT groups (94 patients) on the basis of whether HT had occurred after admission. The National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score was used to determine the severity of clinical symptoms. The relationship between PLR and HT and NIHSS scores was analyzed to evaluate the predictive value of PLR in the occurrence of HT using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC).

Results
Multivariate analysis showed that PLR and NIHSS are independent risk factors of HT. The PLR value of the observation group was positively associated with the NIHSS score (r = 0.8075, P < 0.0001). According to the PLR prediction about the occurrence of HT, an AUC of 0.713 (95% CI, 0.652–0.781), a cut-off value of 109.073, and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.806 and 0.674, respectively, were obtained.

Conclusions
PLR value can predict the possibility of HT in young AIS patients to a certain extent. To take effective measures to prevent HT in advance has crucial clinical significance according to PLR value.
Histological patterns of testicular biopsy in patients with azoospermia: single-institution experience
Authors: Čamdžić Nina , Muzika Višnja , Čustović Samra , Babić Mirsad , Dorić Mirsad , Salčin Edina Lazović , Kuskunović-Vlahovljak Suada 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective of this study was to identify the histopathological patterns and their frequency in testicular biopsy specimens from azoospermic patients and to categorize it according to Modified Johnsen scoring system.

Methods: Testicular biopsies from male patients with clinical diagnosis of azoospermia were included in this study. All tissue samples were fixed in buffered 10% formalin, routinely processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. All cases were examined microscopically and categorized according to the histopathological patterns and Modified Johnsen scoring system.

Results: Total 219 cases of testicular biopsies from 125 azoospermic male patients were evaluated, with 94 cases of bilateral testicular biopsy. The most prevalent age group was of 30-39 years (66.2%). The most common histological pattern was of Sertoli cell only syndrome (58.4%) while the least represented pattern was germ cell maturation arrest, seen in 4.6% cases. The most common Modified Johnsen score was 2 (66.7%). There was discordance in histologic pattern in both testes in 12.76% of patients who had bilateral testicular biopsy.

Conclusion: Our study gives an insight on the most common histopathological patterns of azoospermic patients and emphasizes the need for a better national statistics and epidemiological studies of this entity. It also points out the significance of the bilateral testicular biopsy, as both, diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.
Adrenocortical carcinoma: A tumor with poor answer to classic chemotherapy
Authors: Sava Alexandra Daniela , Szekely Tiberiu Bogdan , Togănel Cornelia , Vacar Adela , Gurzu Simona 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) represents a rare endocrine malignancy being the second most aggressive endocrine cancer after anaplastic thyroid cancer. [1]. While most of them arise sporadically, up to 15% of adult ACC patients are related to germline mutations associated with familial cancer syndromes.[1,2]. Current treatment strategies include surgery as well as systemic therapy with mitotane and chemotherapy.

Case report: A 60-year-old female patient with a family history of colon cancer, multinodular goiter, hypothyroidism treated with substitutive therapy, uterine fibroids, and hypertension, was diagnosed with adrenocortical carcinoma. No distant metastasis were present at the moment of diagnosis so an adrenalectomy was performed. Due to postoperative complications, a total nephrectomy was also needed. Adjuvant Mitotane treatment was given. A CT exam performed 5 months after the resection showed multiple pulmonary metastasis, a liver nodule and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The standard first-line chemotherapy of choice was Carboplatin and Etoposide. After completing 3 cycles of chemotherapy the imaging reassessment show the progression of liver and peritoneal lesions and the quasi-complete regression of lung lesions. Currently, the Mitotate treatment was stopped due to severe adverse reactions.

Conclusions: Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy with a poor prognosis. The recruitment of ACC patients for new clinical trials to investigate new treatment strategies is needed because currently, no significant therapeutic breakthrough is emerging.
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm – Management of an extremely rare case of pancreatic tumor in a young patient
Authors: Daniealopol Valentin , Neagoe Radu Mircea , Sala Daniela Tatiana , Kiss Botond Istvan , Daniealopol Ruxandra 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Franz Tumor or the solid pseudopapillary neoplasm is a very rare form of pancreatic cancer, that can be held responsible for approximately 0.2-2% of the exocrine pancreatic tumors.

Case report: We report a case of a 20-year-old woman, without any comorbidities, admitted to our department accusing mild abdominal pain at the level of the left hypochondrium and epigastrium, that started approximately half a year ago. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a voluminous encapsulated tumor, with mixed structure, apparently adherent to the tail of the pancreas, left kidney and adrenal gland, though being unable to certainly establish its visceral origin.

Management and results: After analyzing all aspects of the case, we decide in favor of a left subcostal laparotomy approach; the intraoperative aspect is that of a relatively well delineated mass, adherent at the level of the pancreatic tail, therefore a complete excision of the tumor alongside with the pancreatic tissue that came in contact with it was performed. The pathological analysis reveals an encapsulated tumor with solid and pseudopapillary structure, with hemorrhagic and cystic degeneration regions; therefore, we reach the following final diagnosis: pT3 stage pseudopapillary-solid pancreatic neoplasm.

Conclusions: In spite of its malignant behavior and impressive tumor volume, the surgical intervention was curative with favorable prognosis.
Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) in Mureș County, Romania: Incidence and impact of reclassification over a six-year period (2016-2021)
Authors: Nechifor-Boilă Adela , Cota Ancuța , Szasz Emoke-Andrea , Cătană Ramona , Borda Angela 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Objective: In 2016 a group of expert endocrine pathologists proposed a new terminology, NIFTP (Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features) for a histological subtype of thyroid carcinoma (encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, non-invasive type). In this study, we aimed to assess on a retrospective basis the epidemiological trend and overall incidence of NIFTP in Mureș county, Romania, over a six-year period (2016-2021).

Methods: All NIFTPs registered between 2016-2021 in Târgu-Mureș Pathology Departments were reevaluated. NIFTP’s incidence was calculated by dividing the number of NIFTPs with the number of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). Further on, we compared NIFTP’s incidence between 2016-2018 with NIFTP’s incidence between 2019-2021, as the diagnostic criteria of NIFTP were revised in 2018.

Results: Forty-six cases of NIFTP were registered in our departments between 2016-2021, resulting in an overall NIFTP incidence of 17.9 % [CI (95%): 7.6-32.5] among the 257 PTCs. When we compared the NIFTP’ incidence between the two study periods (2016-2018 versus 2019-2021), our data revealed that the NIFTP’s overall incidence has dropped from 21.4 % [CI (95%): −14.5-60.1] to 15% [CI (95%): −8.2-43] in the second evaluated period (p=0.034).

Conclusion: The overall NIFTP incidence was low in our departments between 2016-2021. Moreover, NIFTP’s incidence decreased after 2018, following revision of the diagnostic criteria. Our results highlight that very stringent morphologic criteria need to be apply when making a diagnosis of NIFTP, in order to avoid a misdiagnosis and/or an overtreatment of a tumor with indolent behavior.
Landscape as the Basic Potential of the Regional Development (Case Study: The Važec Village, Slovakia)
Authors: Izakovičová Zita , Petluš Peter , Hladká Alexandra , Petrovič František 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The development of each spatial unit is determined by the capital, whether natural or socioeconomic, which it possesses. Natural capital is determined by the properties of individual natural components of the landscape, both abiotic and biotic sources. Socioeconomic capital is linked to a socioeconomic activities in the landscape. Capital creates certain prerequisites for the development of individual socioeconomic activities. Society does not always optimally use the offered potential, which is connected with the manifestation of various environmental problems. The paper focuses on the presentation of the methodical procedure of natural capital evaluation on the example of the village of Važec. The methodological procedure is based on an integrated approach to the landscape. It focuses on the assessment of both natural capital and limiting factors resulting from the development of socioeconomic activities, namely: – positive arising from the needs of nature and landscape protection, as well as from the protection of natural resources, – negative (stress factors) linked to the contamination of environmental components, which in retrospect in relation to socioeconomic activities act as hygienic limits.
An Approach for Analysis and Assessment of the Pollution Indices of the Struma River in the Bulgarian Section
Authors: Petrov Mitko Mladenov 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In this work, 13 pollution indices in 10 stations of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section are investigated: temperature (T°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (SO2), electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), permanganate oxidation (KMn3O4), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), orthophosphates (PO4), dissolved substances (DS), and unsolved substances (US). The analysis and assessment of the studied indices of pollution of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section is carried out by means of a recently proposed multi-criteria decision-making method called intercriteria decision analysis (ICDA). Application of ICDA showed that we have a degree of agreement for T°C for all stations with very few exceptions. This also applies to DO, KMn3O4, SO2 and EC. We had a degree of disagreement for all other indices. From the conducted research, it can be concluded that for all indicators, it is necessary to develop mathematical models in the studied stations according to the studied indicators of the Struma river in Bulgaria. The application of ICDA allows us to examine the correlations between individual indicators and eliminate those that are highly dependent on each other.