bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tangential Vibration of Steam-Turbine Buckets
Authors: Campbell Wilfred , Heckman W. C. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
At the spring meeting of this Society in 1924 a paper was presented by the author on The Protection of Steam-Turbine Disk Wheels from Axial Vibration.2 The present paper describes how the same research was extended to include tangential vibration. Substantially the same testing apparatus was used and the same methods of protection have been adopted. Resonant conditions are avoided by carefully prescribed margins. In unsymmetrical reaction buckets, the component vibration lying most nearly in the plane of the wheel is, by definition, treated as tangential vibration. The methods described suffice for protection against any combined or intermediate type. Additional results are given by W. C. Heckman in Part II.
The Theory of the Dynamic Vibration Absorber
Authors: Ormondroyd J. , Den Hartog J. P. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The “vibration absorber” discussed in this paper consists of a small vibratory system tuned to the operating frequency of a larger machine and attached to it in a suitable location. When properly designed this will reduce the vibrations of the machine itself materially. The absorber, without damping, annihilates vibrations of its own frequency completely, but creates two other critical speeds in the machine system. Therefore it is suitable only for applications on constant-speed machinery. When damping is introduced into the absorber it constitutes a simple and efficient means of diminishing the vibrations of a machine of variable speed. An analysis of its operation in simple cases with and without damping is given in the paper, tests made on a model are described, and actual applications are discussed.
Cooling and Lubrication of Cutting Tools: Progress Report No. 1 of the Sub-Committee on Cutting Fluids of the A.S.M.E. Special Research Committee on Cutting of Metals
Authors: Hersey Mayo D. , Ashman G. H. , Blood B. H. , Boston O. W. , De Leeuw A. L. , Yonkman W. , Nichols W. W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This report begins with a review of the many unsettled questions of cutting-fluid performance which have led to the formulation of a general program for research on that subject by the Society in cooperation with the Bureau of Standards and other organizations. Then follows a brief survey of current practice in the selection of cutting fluids for the respective operations and for the various materials to be cut, based upon information received from a number of the leading metal-cutting plants in the United States. Afterward there is given a brief outline of recent experimental work which will be continued as rapidly as financial support is obtained. The report is concluded by appendixes containing (1) a bibliography of cutting-fluids literature; and (2) a chart for tabulating current shop practice in the use of cutting fluids.
The experimental program recommended by the Sub-Committee aims to determine quantitative relations connecting the cutting performance of the fluid in any given process such as finish-turning of steel, with the numerous variables on which it may depend, including not only such factors as speed and depth of cut, but also the physical properties of the fluid, such as its specific heat and its oiliness.
Bragg Resonance of Surface Gravity Waves by Surface-Piercing Vertical Multi-Plate Breakwaters
Authors: Chen Changzhe , Wu Jingping , Pan Jun , Zou Zaojian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The interaction between surface gravity waves and surface-piercing vertical multi-plate breakwaters in finite water depth is investigated under the assumption of potential flow theory. The time-domain desingularized boundary integral equation method (DBIEM) is adopted to solve the boundary value problem. A decomposition method based on the superposition principle is used to obtain reflected waves. The effect of the vertical plates as a floating breakwater by making full use of Bragg resonance is analyzed. Initially, the waveforms calculated without breakwaters are compared with second-order Stokes regular wave to obtain the appropriate desingularization distance. Then, the interaction of surface gravity waves with the breakwaters with the single plate, double, and triple plates are analyzed. The transmission and reflection coefficients of the breakwater with the single plate are verified with the analytical solutions of previous literature. The transmission and reflection coefficients of the breakwaters with double and triple plates are verified with experimental results. Finally, the transmission and reflection coefficients of surface-piercing vertical multi-plate breakwaters with different plate numbers and drafts are also calculated. The occurring condition of Bragg resonance and its values affected by the plate number and the draft are analyzed. The present results are reference values for the optimal design of vertical plates as a floating breakwater for offshore and coastal engineering applications by fully using Bragg resonance.
Surgical pit crew: initiative to optimise measurement and accountability for operating room turnover time
Authors: Goldhaber Nicole H , Schaefer Robin L , Martinez Roman , Graham Andrew , Malachowski Elizabeth , Rhodes Lisa P , Waterman Ruth S , Mekeel Kristin L , Clay Brian J , McHale Michael 
Published: January 2024

Background and objectivesTurnover time (TOT), defined as the time between surgical cases in the same operating room (OR), is often perceived to be lengthy without clear cause. With the aim of optimising and standardising OR turnover processes and decreasing TOT, we developed an innovative and staff-interactive TOT measurement method.MethodsWe divided TOT into task-based segments and created buttons on the electronic health record (EHR) default prelogin screen for appropriate staff workflows to collect more granular data. We created submeasures, including ‘clean-up start’, ‘clean-up complete’, ‘set-up start’ and ‘room ready for patient’, to calculate environmental services (EVS) response time, EVS cleaning time, room set-up response time, room set-up time and time to room accordingly.ResultsSince developing and implementing these workflows, measures have demonstrated excellent staff adoption. Median times of EVS response and cleaning have decreased significantly at our main hospital ORs and ambulatory surgery centre.ConclusionOR delays are costly to hospital systems. TOT, in particular, has been recognised as a potential dissatisfier and cause of delay in the perioperative environment. Viewing TOT as one finite entity and not a series of necessary tasks by a variety of team members limits the possibility of critical assessment and improvement. By dividing the measurement of TOT into respective segments necessary to transition the room at the completion of one case to the onset of another, valuable insight was gained into the causes associated with turnover delays, which increased awareness and improved accountability of staff members to complete assigned tasks efficiently.
Implementer report: ICD-10 code F44.5 review for functional seizure disorder
Authors: Ali Sana F , Bornovski Yarden , Gopaul Margaret , Galluzzo Daniela , Goulet Joseph , Argraves Stephanie , Jackson-Shaheed Ebony , Cheung Kei-Hoi , Brandt Cynthia A. , Altalib Hamada Hamid 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe study aimed to measure the validity of International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) code F44.5 for functional seizure disorder (FSD) in the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System electronic health record (VA EHR).MethodsThe study used an informatics search tool, a natural language processing algorithm and a chart review to validate FSD coding.ResultsThe positive predictive value (PPV) for code F44.5 was calculated to be 44%.DiscussionICD-10 introduced a specific code for FSD to improve coding validity. However, results revealed a meager (44%) PPV for code F44.5. Evaluation of the low diagnostic precision of FSD identified inconsistencies in the ICD-10 and VA EHR systems.ConclusionInformation system improvements may increase the precision of diagnostic coding by clinicians. Specifically, the EHR problem list should include commonly used diagnostic codes and an appropriately curated ICD-10 term list for ‘seizure disorder,’ and a single ICD code for FSD should be classified under neurology and psychiatry.
An online glaucoma educational course for patients to facilitate remote learning and patient empowerment
Authors: Hamid Sana , Minakaran Neda , Igwe Chinedu , Baneke Alex , Pedersen Marcus , Mathew Rashmi G 
Published: January 2024

In both face-to-face and teleophthalmology glaucoma clinics, there are significant time constraints and limited resources available to educate the patient and their carers regarding the glaucoma condition. Glaucoma patients are often not satisfied with the content and amount of information they receive and have demonstrated a substantial lack of knowledge regarding their condition. Innovative educational tools that facilitate accessible digital remote patient education can be a powerful adjunct to empower patients in becoming healthcare partners.We describe the development of a free, comprehensive, multimodal online glaucoma patient education course for adults with glaucoma, their family and friends and carers, with the aim of providing a readable resource to aid remote learning and understanding of the condition.The working group for the development of the course comprised of consultants, medical practitioners and education specialists and expert patients. Given the specialised nature of ophthalmology and glaucoma, certain aspects can be difficult to conceptualise, and, therefore, clear and adequate explanations of concepts are provided in the course using diagrams, flow charts, medical illustrations, images, videos, written text, analogies and quizzes.The course is available in a short and long version to suit different learning needs which take approximately 2 hours and 10 hours to complete respectively. The contents list allows course takers to find sections relevant to them and it can be taken anywhere, as long as there is Internet access.We invite you to share this resource with your patients and their families, friends and carers.
Proof-of-concept solution to create an interoperable timeline of healthcare data
Authors: Trivedi Sapna , Hall Stephen , Inglis Fiona , Chaudhry Afzal 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo overcome the barriers of interoperability by sharing simulated patient data from different electronic health records systems and presenting them in an intuitive timeline of events.MethodsThe ‘Patient Story’ software comprising database and blockchain, PS Timeline Windows interface, PS Timeline Web interface and network relays on Azure cloud was customised for Epic and Lorenzo electonic patient record (EPR) systems used at different hospitals, using site-specific adapters.ResultsEach site could view their own clinical documents and view each other’s site specific, fully coded test sets of (Care Connect) medications, conditions and allergies, in an aggregated single view.DiscussionThis work has shown that clinical data from different EPR systems can be successfully integrated and visualised on a single timeline, accessible by clinicians and patients.ConclusionThe Patient Story system combined the timeline visualisation with successful interoperability across healthcare settings, as well giving patients the ability to directly interact with their timeline.
Assessing the efficient use of the lightwave health information management system for health service delivery in Ghana
Authors: Agyemang Edward , Esia-Donkoh Kobina , Boateng Adu-Gyamfi Addae , Douri Juabie Bennin , Adoma Prince Owusu , Achampong Emmanuel Kusi 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundIn achieving the WHO’s Universal Health Coverage and the Global Developmental Agenda: Sustainable Development Goal 3 and 9, the Ministry of Health launched a nationwide deployment of the lightwave health information management system (LHIMS) in the Central Region to facilitate health service delivery. This paper assessed the efficient use of the LHIMS among health professionals in the Central Region.MethodsA non-interventional descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed for this research. The study used stratified and simple random sampling for selecting 1126 study respondents from 10 health facilities that use the LHIMS. The respondents included prescribers, nurses, midwives and auxiliary staff. Descriptive statistics (weighted mean) was computed to determine the average weighted score for all the indicators under efficiency. Also, bivariate (χ2) and multivariate (ordinal logistic regression) analyses were conducted to test the study’s hypotheses.ResultsFindings revealed that the LHIMS enhanced efficient health service delivery. From the bivariate analysis, external factors; sex, educational qualification, work experience, profession type and computer literacy were associated with the efficient use of the LHIMS. However, training offered prior to the use of the LHIMS, and the duration of training had no association. At the multivariate level, only work experience and computer literacy significantly influenced the efficient use of the LHIMS.ConclusionThe implementation of LHIMS has the potential to significantly improve health service delivery. General computing skills should be offered to system users by the Ministry of Health to improve literacy in the use of computers. Active participation in the use of LHIMS by all relevant healthcare professionals should be encouraged.
ChatGPT in Iranian medical licensing examination: evaluating the diagnostic accuracy and decision-making capabilities of an AI-based model
Authors: Ebrahimian Manoochehr , Behnam Behdad , Ghayebi Negin , Sobhrakhshankhah Elham 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionLarge language models such as ChatGPT have gained popularity for their ability to generate comprehensive responses to human queries. In the field of medicine, ChatGPT has shown promise in applications ranging from diagnostics to decision-making. However, its performance in medical examinations and its comparison to random guessing have not been extensively studied.MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in the preinternship examination, a comprehensive medical assessment for students in Iran. The examination consisted of 200 multiple-choice questions categorised into basic science evaluation, diagnosis and decision-making. GPT-4 was used, and the questions were translated to English. A statistical analysis was conducted to assess the performance of ChatGPT and also compare it with a random test group.ResultsThe results showed that ChatGPT performed exceptionally well, with 68.5% of the questions answered correctly, significantly surpassing the pass mark of 45%. It exhibited superior performance in decision-making and successfully passed all specialties. Comparing ChatGPT to the random test group, ChatGPT’s performance was significantly higher, demonstrating its ability to provide more accurate responses and reasoning.ConclusionThis study highlights the potential of ChatGPT in medical licensing examinations and its advantage over random guessing. However, it is important to note that ChatGPT still falls short of human physicians in terms of diagnostic accuracy and decision-making capabilities. Caution should be exercised when using ChatGPT, and its results should be verified by human experts to ensure patient safety and avoid potential errors in the medical field.
Signal processing and machine learning algorithm to classify anaesthesia depth
Authors: Mosquera Dussan Oscar , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo , Botero-Rosas Daniel A. 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPoor assessment of anaesthetic depth (AD) has led to overdosing or underdosing of the anaesthetic agent, which requires continuous monitoring to avoid complications. The evaluation of the central nervous system activity and autonomic nervous system could provide additional information on the monitoring of AD during surgical procedures.MethodsObservational analytical single-centre study, information on biological signals was collected during a surgical procedure under general anaesthesia for signal preprocessing, processing and postprocessing to feed a pattern classifier and determine AD status of patients. The development of the electroencephalography index was carried out through data processing and algorithm development using MATLAB V.8.1.ResultsA total of 25 men and 35 women were included, with a total time of procedure average of 109.62 min. The results show a high Pearson correlation between the Complexity Brainwave Index and the indices of the entropy module. A greater dispersion is observed in the state entropy and response entropy indices, a partial overlap can also be seen in the boxes associated with deep anaesthesia and general anaesthesia in these indices. A high Pearson correlation might be explained by the coinciding values corresponding to the awake and general anaesthesia states. A high Pearson correlation might be explained by the coinciding values corresponding to the awake and general anaesthesia states.ConclusionBiological signal filtering and a machine learning algorithm may be used to classify AD during a surgical procedure. Further studies will be needed to confirm these results and improve the decision-making of anaesthesiologists in general anaesthesia.
Electronic health record intervention to increase use of NSAIDs as analgesia for hospitalised patients: a cluster randomised controlled study
Authors: Bongiovanni Tasce , Pletcher Mark J , Robinson Andrew , Lancaster Elizabeth , Zhang Li , Behrends Matthias , Wick Elizabeth , Auerbach Andrew 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundPrescribing non-opioid pain medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) medications, has been shown to reduce pain and decrease opioid use, but it is unclear how to effectively encourage multimodal pain medication prescribing for hospitalised patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of prechecking non-opioid pain medication orders on clinician prescribing of NSAIDs among hospitalised adults.MethodsThis was a cluster randomised controlled trial of adult (≥18 years) hospitalised patients admitted to three hospital sites under one quaternary hospital system in the USA from 2 March 2022 to 3 March 2023. A multimodal pain order panel was embedded in the admission order set, with NSAIDs prechecked in the intervention group. The intervention group could uncheck the NSAID order. The control group had access to the same NSAID order. The primary outcome was an increase in NSAID ordering. Secondary outcomes include NSAID administration, inpatient pain scores and opioid use and prescribing and relevant clinical harms including acute kidney injury, new gastrointestinal bleed and in-hospital death.ResultsOverall, 1049 clinicians were randomised. The study included 6239 patients for a total of 9595 encounters. Both NSAID ordering (36 vs 43%, p<0.001) and administering (30 vs 34%, p=0.001) by the end of the first full hospital day were higher in the intervention (prechecked) group. There was no statistically significant difference in opioid outcomes during the hospitalisation and at discharge. There was a statistically but perhaps not clinically significant difference in pain scores during both the first and last full hospital day.ConclusionsThis cluster randomised controlled trial showed that prechecking an order for NSAIDs to promote multimodal pain management in the admission order set increased NSAID ordering and administration, although there were no changes to pain scores or opioid use. While prechecking orders is an important way to increase adoption, safety checks should be in place.
Association Between Draft Order and Stress Sonography of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow in Professional Baseball Pitchers: An 18-Year Study
Authors: Hanna Adeeb J. , Sonnier John H. , Fliegel Brian E. , Sherman Matthew B. , Ciccotti Michael G. , Jack Robert A. , Cohen Steven B. 
Published: January 2024

Background: The Major League Baseball (MLB) draft is a common route for players to enter professional baseball in the United States. Players taken in earlier rounds are typically higher-performing players. When looking at pitchers specifically, higher performance at the amateur level may be associated with an increased frequency of adaptive change in the throwing elbow. Purpose: To determine whether pitchers taken in earlier rounds of the MLB draft have a greater frequency or extent of pathological change in the elbow, as measured by dynamic stress ultrasound. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Dynamic stress ultrasounds (SUSs) were performed over 18 years on the dominant and nondominant arms of 651 professional pitchers. The 383 drafted players were grouped according to the round in which they were drafted (rounds 1-5, 6-10, 11-20, 21+). Groups were compared with respect to “relative” ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) thickness (dominant-nondominant), relative ulnohumeral joint laxity (joint space distance under stress minus joint space at rest), and the presence of pathology (calcifications, tears, hypoechoic foci, osteophytes). In addition, a subgroup analysis was done to compare the progression of SUS findings over 3 years in players for which data were available. Results: Draft round groups did not differ by age, number of previous spring training, or handedness. Comparing baseline measurements, there was no significant relationship between draft round and relative UCL thickness ( P = .932), relative laxity ( P = .996), or presence of pathology detectable on SUS ( P = .642). However, increased relative UCL thickness was significantly associated with the presence of pathology on SUS (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.26-1.69; P < .001). Longitudinally, there was no significant relationship between draft round and 3-year progression of relative laxity, relative UCL thickness, or clinical progression of pathology. Conclusion: Higher-performing pitchers are drafted earlier in the MLB draft. This may be attributable to peak pitch velocity, in-game performance, visibility gained during player showcases, or any number of other sport-specific variables. However, despite this, there was no significant relationship between draft round and adaptive changes to the elbow or specific properties of the UCL on stress ultrasound.