bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Specialized Treatment Setting on Survival in Adolescent and Young Adult ALL
Authors: Muffly Lori S. , Parsons Helen M. , Miller Kate , Li Qian , Brunson Ann , Keegan Theresa H. 
Published: October 2023

PURPOSE Unlike children with ALL who receive cancer care primarily at specialized cancer centers (SCCs; National Cancer Institute and/or Children's Oncology Group centers), adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 15-39 years) receive care in a variety of settings. Using population-based data, we describe where AYAs with ALL receive treatment and determine associations with overall survival (OS). METHODS Data from the 2004 to 2018 California (CA, n = 2,283), New York (NY, n = 795), and Texas (TX, n = 955) state cancer registries were used to identify treatment setting of AYAs with newly diagnosed ALL. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models evaluated associations with OS. RESULTS Seventy percent were older than 18 years, and 65% were male. A majority in CA (63%) and TX (64%) were Hispanic while most in NY were non-Hispanic White (50%). Treatment at an SCC occurred in 48.2% (CA), 44.4% (NY), and 19.5% (TX). Across states, AYAs who were older or uninsured were less likely to receive treatment at an SCC. Treatment at an SCC was associated with superior OS in CA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.85) and TX (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.83); a nonsignificant association was seen in NY (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.08). CONCLUSION Only 20%-50% of AYA patients with ALL received frontline treatment at SCCs. Treatment of ALL at an SCC was associated with superior survival, highlighting the importance of policy efforts to improve access and reduce inequities in AYA ALL care.
Dispersion models exhibiting natural optical activity: application to tartaric acid solutions
Authors: Hroncová Beáta , Franta Daniel , Dvořák Jan , Pavliňák David 
Published: October 2023

A physically consistent dispersion model, incorporating the optical activity of an isotropic medium and dependent on the size and direction of the wave vector, is presented and used in the optical characterization of a solution of tartaric acid in dimethyl sulfoxide. It is shown that the optical activity can be described simply by three optically active harmonic oscillators. Two of these oscillators effectively describe the excitation of valence electrons, while the third describes the excitation of vibrational states in tartaric acid molecules. Higher-energy valence electron excitations are identified as the bond energies of C-C bonds, and lower-energy excitations correspond to the remaining bonds. The results presented in this work are compared with the results that can be obtained using the phenomenological models commonly used in practice. As part of the optical characterization, the non-locality radius of the dielectric response was found to be surprisingly large, namely, 56 nm.
Impact of cervical screening by human papillomavirus genotype: Population-based estimations
Authors: Wang Jiangrong , Elfström K. Miriam , Lagheden Camilla , Eklund Carina , Sundström Karin , Sparén Pär , Dillner Joakim 
Published: October 2023

Background
Cervical screening programs use testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes. Different HPV types differ greatly in prevalence and oncogenicity. We estimated the impact of cervical screening and follow-up for each HPV type.

Methods and findings
For each type of HPV, we calculated the number of women needed to screen (NNS) and number of women needing follow-up (NNF) to detect or prevent one cervical cancer case, using the following individual level input data (i) screening and cancer data for all women aged 25 to 80 years, resident in Sweden during 2004 to 2011 (N = 3,568,938); (ii) HPV type-specific prevalences and screening histories among women with cervical cancer in Sweden in 2002 to 2011(N = 4,254); (iii) HPV 16/18/other HPV prevalences in the population-based HPV screening program (N = 656,607); and (iv) exact HPV genotyping in a population-based cohort (n = 12,527). Historical screening attendance was associated with a 72% reduction of cervical cancer incidence caused by HPV16 (71.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) [69.1%, 73.9%]) and a 54% reduction of cancer caused by HPV18 (53.8%, 95% CI [40.6%, 63.1%]). One case of HPV16-caused cervical cancer could be prevented for every 5,527 women attending screening (number needed to screen, NNS). Prevention of one case of HPV16-caused cervical cancer required follow-up of 147 HPV16–positive women (number needed to follow-up, NNF). The NNS and NNF were up to 40 to 500 times higher for HPV types commonly screened for with lower oncogenic potential (HPV35,39,51,56,59,66,68). For women below 30 years of age, NNS and NNF for HPV16 were 4,747 and 289, respectively, but >220,000 and >16,000 for HPV35,39,51,56,59,66,68. All estimates were either age-standarized or age-stratified. The primary limitation of our study is that NNS is dependent on the HPV prevalence that can differ between populations and over time. However, it can readily be recalculated in other settings and monitored when HPV type-specific prevalence changes. Other limitations include that in some age groups, there was little data and extrapolations had to be made. Finally, there were very few cervical cancer cases associated with certain HPV types in young age group.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed that the impact of cervical cancer screening varies depending on the HPV type screened for. Estimating and monitoring the impact of screening by HPV type can facilitate the design of effective and efficient HPV-based cervical screening programs.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov with numbers NCT00479375, NCT01511328.
The role of muscle degeneration and spinal balance in the pathophysiology of lumbar spinal stenosis: Study protocol of a translational approach combining in vivo biomechanical experiments with clinical and radiological parameters
Authors: Koch David , Nüesch Corina , Ignasiak Dominika , Aghlmandi Soheila , Caimi Alice , Perrot Guido , Prüfer Friederike , Harder Dorothee , Santini Francesco , Schären Stefan , Ferguson Stephen , Mündermann Annegret , Netzer Cordula 
Published: October 2023

Objective
To describe a study protocol for investigating the functional association between posture, spinal balance, ambulatory biomechanics, paraspinal muscle fatigue, paraspinal muscle quality and symptoms in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (sLSS) before and 1-year after elective surgical intervention.

Design
Single-centre prospective, experimental, multimodal (clinical, biomechanical, radiological) study with three instances of data collection: baseline (study visit 1), 6-month follow-up (remote) and 1-year follow-up (study visit 2). Both study visits include an in vivo experiment aiming to elicit paraspinal muscle fatigue for postural assessment in a non-fatigued and fatigued state.

Experimental protocol
At baseline and 1-year follow-up, 122 patients with sLSS will be assessed clinically, perform the back-performance scale assessment and complete several patient-reported outcome measure (PROMs) questionnaires regarding overall health, disease-related symptoms and kinesiophobia. Posture and biomechanical parameters (joint kinematics, kinetics, surface electromyography, back curvature) will be recorded using an optoelectronic system and retroreflective markers during different tasks including overground walking and movement assessments before and after a modified Biering-Sørensen test, used to elicit paraspinal muscle fatigue. Measurements of muscle size and quality and the severity of spinal stenosis will be obtained using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and sagittal postural alignment data from EOS radiographies. After each study visit, physical activity level will be assessed during 9 days using a wrist-worn activity monitor. In addition, physical activity level and PROMs will be assessed remotely at 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion
The multimodal set of data obtained using the study protocol described in this paper will help to expand our current knowledge on the pathophysiology, biomechanics, and treatment outcome of degenerative sLSS. The results of this study may contribute to defining and/or altering patient treatment norms, surgery indication criteria and post-surgery rehabilitation schedules.

Trial registration
The protocol was approved by the regional ethics committee and has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05523388).
Intermediate Goods–Skill Complementarity
Authors: Kiyota Kozo , Kurokawa Yoshinori 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent research has begun to imply intermediate goods–skill complementarity; however, this possible complementarity has been hypothesized but not statistically tested, despite the increasing importance of intermediate goods in production. This study provides statistical evidence regarding whether intermediate goods are more complementary with skilled labor than with unskilled labor. Using panel data from 40 countries over the period 1995–2009, we estimate a two-level constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function. Our major findings are fivefold. First, at the aggregated one-sector level, the elasticity of substitution between intermediate goods and unskilled labor is 1.22, which is significantly greater than that between intermediate goods and skilled labor of 1.05, indicating intermediate goods–skill complementarity. Second, at the disaggregated level, such complementarity is primarily observed in heavy manufacturing industries and the service sector, whereas complementarity is observed between intermediate goods and unskilled labor in the primary sector and light manufacturing industries. Third, the normalization of the data and the cumulant estimators exhibit stronger results. Fourth, our baseline results are confirmed applying several robustness checks, such as switching skilled and unskilled labor or considering capital–skill complementarity. Finally, intermediate goods–skill complementarity tends to be higher for industries that use more imported intermediate goods.
Ambulatory human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) testing: a verification of two hCG point of care devices
Authors: Kyriacou Christopher , Yang Wei , Kapur Shikha , Maheetharan Shanuja , Pikovsky Margaret , Parker Nina , Barcroft Jennifer , Bobdiwala Shabnam , Sur Shyamaly , Stalder Catriona , Gould Deborah , Ofili-Yebovi Dede , Day Andrea , Unsworth Nick , Wilkes Edmund H. , Tan Tricia , Bourne Tom 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Quantitative human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) measurements are used to manage women classified with a pregnancy of unknown location (PUL). Two point of care testing (POCT) devices that quantify hCG are commercially available. We verified the i-STAT 1 (Abbott) and the AQT 90 FLEX (Radiometer) prior to use in PUL triage.

Methods
Tests for precision, external quality assurance (EQA), correlation, hook effect and recovery were undertaken alongside a POCT usability assessment during this prospective multi-center verification.

Results
Coefficients of variation ranged between 4.0 and 5.1 % for the three i-STAT 1 internal quality control (IQC) solutions and between 6.8 and 7.3 % for the two AQT IQC solutions. Symmetric differences in POCT EQA results when compared with laboratory and EQA stock values ranged between 3.2 and 24.5 % for the i-STAT 1 and between 3.3 and 36.9 % for the AQT. Correlation coefficients (i-STAT 1: 0.96, AQT: 0.99) and goodness of fit curves (i-STAT 1: 0.92, AQT: 0.99) were excellent when using suitable whole blood samples. An hCG hook effect was noted with the i-STAT 1 between 572,194 and 799,089 IU/L, lower than the hook effect noted with the AQT, which was between 799,089 and 1,619,309 IU/L. When hematocrit concentration was considered in sample types validated for use with each device, hCG recovery was 108 % with the i-STAT 1 and 98 % with the AQT. The i-STAT 1 scored lower on usability overall (90/130) than the AQT (121/130, p<0.001, Mann-Whitney).

Conclusions
Both hCG POCT devices were verified for use in clinical practice. Practical factors must also be considered when choosing which device to use in each unit.
Green synthesis, chemical characterization, and antioxidant and anti-colorectal cancer effects of vanadium nanoparticles
Authors: Nie Yang , Chen Huifang , Zhu Junfang , Li Bo , Huang Haichao , Yi Jianhua , Moradi Rohallah 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this research, we have used a green approach to vanadium nanoparticle (NP) synthesis by the Salvia leriifolia watery extract. The NP characterization was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The NPs materialized in spherical morphology with an average size of 26.26 nm. The antioxidant activity was assessed using 2-2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) assay, while the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to measure anti-colorectal cancer (against HCT-15‎, COLO 320, Caco-2, DLD-1‎, HT-29, and HCT-116 cell lines) and cytotoxicity (against HUVEC cell line) activity of vanadium NPs. Cancer cell line viability decreased dose dependently in the presence of V NPs. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of V NPs were 149, 125, 173, 83, 131, and 105 µg/mL against Caco-2, COLO 320, DLD-1‎, HCT-15‎, HCT-116‎, and HT-29 cell lines, respectively. In radical scavenging activity, V NPs scavenged DPPH with the IC50 value of 33 µg/mL.
Advances in triple tube heat exchangers regarding heat transfer characteristics of single and two-phase flows in comparison to double tube heat exchangers part 2
Authors: Akgul Dogan , Mercan Hatice , Acikgoz Ozgen , Dalkilic Ahmet Selim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Triple concentric-tube heat exchangers are often used in a variety of industries, including HVAC, food and beverage manufacturing, and chemical processing. They may also be utilized in applications requiring thermal homogeneity, such as food and pharmaceutical production. They are appropriate for a number of applications since they may be constructed to withstand a range of temperatures and pressures. The purpose of this study is to examine the most current papers, covering single- and two-phase flows having pure and nanofluids with a particular emphasis on the heat transfer and hydrodynamic properties. The use of advanced surfaces improves heat transfer with respect to smooth surfaces, and the use of nanofluids has a positive influence on heat transfer characteristics with the increase in nanoparticle volume concentration since nanoparticles rise thermal conductivity, heat transfer area, and Brownian motion. The practical calculation methodologies, proposed correlations for calculating the Nusselt number and friction factor in triple ones are shown. There are insufficient studies to comment on pressure drop features, and correlations for Nusselt numbers and friction factors that are only known for single-phase flows. The research indicates that the heat transfer characteristics of triple concentric-tube heat exchangers surpass those of double tube heat exchangers. Important progress is supposed to occur for the design and utilization of triple ones as a substitute for double ones soon. Finally, there are a limited number of experimental two-phase flow studies in triple ones. It is essential to work on this topic to meet the important lack in open sources.
Dynamic propagation of an Airy beam in metasurface-enabled gradiently-aligned liquid crystals
Authors: Gao Meini , Wang Jiawei , Cai Wenfeng , Cheng Ming , Hao Xichen , Wang Yuhan , Liu Ying , Kong Delai , Liu Jianxun , Dai Haitao , Liu Yan Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Due to the unique self-acceleration, self-healing, and non-diffraction properties, Airy beams have been explored extensively and found applications in various fields. It has been proven as an essential aspect to tune the trajectory of Airy beams for extensive applications. In this paper, we propose a method based on liquid crystal (LC) alignment with metasurfaces, which enables dynamic tuning of the trajectory of Airy beams. Benefiting from both the tunable property of LCs and the compact alignment of metasurfaces, we achieve a sizeable linear potential in a short distance, which leads to the effective tuning of the trajectory of Airy beams dynamically. The introduction of metasurfaces into the alignment of LCs provides a promising method to manipulate the planar optical field.
Delta-shock for the Chaplygin gas Euler equations with source terms
Authors: Li Shiwei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the Riemann problem for the Chaplygin gas Euler equations that include the presence of two source terms. By means of variable substitution, two kinds of non-self-similar Riemann solutions involving delta-shock are constructed explicitly. For the delta-shock, the generalized Rankine–Hugoniot relations and the over-compressive entropy condition are clarified. Moreover, the position, propagation speed and strength of the delta-shock are given explicitly. It is discovered that the position of the delta-shock is a combination of an exponential function and a linear function, and the weight of the delta-shock is an exponential function of the time. Interestingly, even when the delta-shock is a straight line, the weight of the delta-shock is no longer a linear function of the time t. In addition, it is proved that the Riemann solutions converge to the corresponding ones of Chaplygin gas Euler equations with friction as k drops to zero, and the Riemann solutions converge to the corresponding ones of Chaplygin gas Euler equations as k and β tend to zero simultaneously. Furthermore, it is also shown that the limits of Riemann solutions are just the Riemann solutions to the transport equations with same source terms as the Chaplygin gas pressure falls to zero.
New Zealand Fault-Rupture Depth Model v.1.0: A Provisional Estimate of the Maximum Depth of Seismic Rupture on New Zealand’s Active Faults
Authors: Ellis Susan , Bannister Stephen , Van Dissen Russ , Eberhart-Phillips Donna , Boulton Carolyn , Reyners Martin , Funnell Rob , Mortimer Nick , Upton Phaedra , Rollins Chris , Seebeck Hannu 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We summarize estimates of the maximum rupture depth on New Zealand’s active faults (“New Zealand Fault-Rupture Depth Model v.1.0”), as used in the New Zealand Community Fault Model v1.0 and as a constraint for the latest revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022). Rupture depth estimates are based on a combination of two separate model approaches (using different methods and datasets). The first approach uses regional seismicity distribution from a relocated earthquake catalog to calculate the 90% seismicity cutoff depth (D90), representing the seismogenic depth limit. This is multiplied by an overshoot factor representing the dynamic propagation of rupture into the conditional stability zone, and accounting for the difference between regional seismicity depths and the frictional properties of a mature fault zone to arrive at a seismic estimate of the maximum rupture depth. The second approach uses surface heat flow and rock type to compute depths that correspond to the thermal limits of frictional instabilities on seismogenic faults. To arrive at a thermally-based maximum rupture depth, these thermal limits are also multiplied by an overshoot factor. Both the models have depth cutoffs at the Moho and/or subducting slabs. Results indicate the maximum rupture depths between 8 (Taupō volcanic zone) and &gt;30 km (e.g., southwest North Island), strongly correlated with regional thermal gradients. The depths derived from the two methods show broad agreement for most of the North Island and some differences in the South Island. A combined model using weighting based on relative uncertainties is derived and validated using constraints from hypocenter and slip model depths from recent well-instrumented earthquakes. We discuss modifications to the maximum rupture depths estimated here that were undertaken for application within the NZ NSHM 2022. Our research demonstrates the utility of combining seismicity cutoff and thermal stability estimates to assess the down-dip dimensions of future earthquake ruptures.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EDUCATOR’S LINGUISTIC PERSON EXPRESSION IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Authors: Truba H. М. 
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to the relevant issue of shaping the language personality of an educator in the context of the information society, particularly in popular social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. The focus is on exploring the relationship between the concepts of «information society» and the «language personality of an educator.» The article provides a detailed elucidation of the concept of «language personality» and emphasizes the significance of identifying a new type of personality – the «language personality in the information society.» Sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic characteristics of the language personality in this society are examined, and factors influencing its formation are identified. It is highlighted that there are intricate interconnections between the language personality and the knowledge circulating in the information space.
It is important to note that the formation of an individual’s personality occurs through language usage and the consumption of information, including from social media. The active use of social media platforms provides individuals with the opportunity to express their thoughts and ideas, communicate with other users, and access a vast amount of information. However, it also carries risks in terms of encountering inappropriate, unreliable, or insufficiently substantiated information, which can negatively influence the formation of the language personality. Therefore, understanding the impact of social media on shaping linguistic attitudes, stereotypes, and communication styles of individuals becomes crucial.
The objective of the article is to investigate and justify the phenomenon of the language professional personality by studying the language personality of educators in the online environment. To achieve this, the following tasks are outlined: analyzing scientific works on understanding the language personality, studying the language and communicative behavior of educators based on research into their professional communication, and characterizing and analyzing professional language texts (both oral and written) as products of the language activity of professionals.
The research object is the professional language personality, while the subject is the language personality of educators online. The research methods include induction and deduction, theoretical generalization and modeling of the process of forming the professional competence of educators, and comparative analysis of the content, forms, and methods of the professional language culture.