bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging of elbow entrapment neuropathies
Authors: Albano Domenico , Di Rocco Gabriella , Gitto Salvatore , Serpi Francesca , Fusco Stefano , Vitali Paolo , Galia Massimo , Messina Carmelo , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Entrapment neuropathies at the elbow are common in clinical practice and require an accurate diagnosis for effective management. Understanding the imaging characteristics of these conditions is essential for confirming diagnoses and identifying underlying causes. Ultrasound serves as the primary imaging modality for evaluating nerve structure and movement, while MRI is superior for detecting muscle denervation. Plain radiography and CT play a minor role and can be used for the evaluation of bony structures and calcifications/ossifications. Comprehensive knowledge of anatomical landmarks, nerve pathways, and compression sites is crucial for clinicians to accurately interpret imaging and guide appropriate treatment strategies for entrapments of ulnar, median, and radial nerves, and their branches.

Critical relevance statement
Accurate imaging and anatomical knowledge are essential for diagnosing elbow entrapment neuropathies. Ultrasound is the preferred modality for assessing nerve structure and motion, while MRI excels in detecting muscle denervation and guiding effective management of ulnar, median, and radial nerve entrapments.

Key Points

Ultrasound is the primary modality for assessing nerve structure and stability.

Findings include nerve structural loss, isoechogenicity, thickening, and hyper-vascularization.

MRI provides a comprehensive evaluation of the elbow and accurate muscle assessment.

Imaging allows the identification of compressive causes, including anatomical variants, masses, or osseous anomalies.

Awareness of anatomical landmarks, nerve pathways, and compression sites is essential.

Graphical Abstract
Deep learning reconstruction of zero-echo time sequences to improve visualization of osseous structures and associated pathologies in MRI of cervical spine
Authors: Kaniewska Malwina , Zecca Fabio , Obermüller Carina , Ensle Falko , Deininger-Czermak Eva , Lohezic Maelene , Guggenberger Roman 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To determine whether deep learning-based reconstructions of zero-echo-time (ZTE-DL) sequences enhance image quality and bone visualization in cervical spine MRI compared to traditional zero-echo-time (ZTE) techniques, and to assess the added value of ZTE-DL sequences alongside standard cervical spine MRI for comprehensive pathology evaluation.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 52 patients underwent cervical spine MRI using ZTE, ZTE-DL, and T2-weighted 3D sequences on a 1.5-Tesla scanner. ZTE-DL sequences were reconstructed from raw data using the AirReconDL algorithm. Three blinded readers independently evaluated image quality, artifacts, and bone delineation on a 5-point Likert scale. Cervical structures and pathologies, including soft tissue and bone components in spinal canal and neural foraminal stenosis, were analyzed. Image quality was quantitatively assessed by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).

Results
Mean image quality scores were 2.0 ± 0.7 for ZTE and 3.2 ± 0.6 for ZTE-DL, with ZTE-DL exhibiting fewer artifacts and superior bone delineation. Significant differences were observed between T2-weighted and ZTE-DL sequences for evaluating intervertebral space, anterior osteophytes, spinal canal, and neural foraminal stenosis (p < 0.05), with ZTE-DL providing more accurate assessments. ZTE-DL also showed improved evaluation of the osseous components of neural foraminal stenosis compared to ZTE (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
ZTE-DL sequences offer superior image quality and bone visualization compared to ZTE sequences and enhance standard cervical spine MRI in assessing bone involvement in spinal canal and neural foraminal stenosis.

Critical relevance statement
Deep learning-based reconstructions improve zero-echo-time sequences in cervical spine MRI by enhancing image quality and bone visualization. This advancement offers additional insights for assessing bone involvement in spinal canal and neural foraminal stenosis, advancing clinical radiology practice.

Key Points

Conventional MRI encounters challenges with osseous structures due to low signal-to-noise ratio.

Zero-echo-time (ZET) sequences offer CT-like images of the C-spine but with lower quality.

Deep learning reconstructions improve image quality of zero-echo-time sequences.

ZTE sequences with deep learning reconstructions refine cervical spine osseous pathology assessment.

These sequences aid assessment of bone involvement in spinal and foraminal stenosis.

Graphical Abstract
Trehalose enhances macrophage autophagy to promote myelin debris clearance after spinal cord injury
Authors: Ma Zhida , Meng Congpeng , Wang Xiang , Zhao Yuanzhe , Wang Jingwen , Chen Yihao , Li Yiteng , Jiang Yan , Ouyang Fangru , Li Jianjian , Zheng Meige , Cheng Li , Jing Juehua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Myelin-laden foamy macrophages accumulate extensively in the lesion epicenter, exhibiting characteristics of autophagolysosomal dysfunction, which leads to prolonged inflammatory responses after spinal cord injury (SCI). Trehalose, known for its neuroprotective properties as an autophagy inducer, has yet to be fully explored for its potential to mitigate foamy macrophage formation and exert therapeutic effects in the context of SCI.

Results
We observed that trehalose significantly enhances macrophage phagocytosis and clearance of myelin in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. In vivo, trehalose administration markedly reduced myelin debris accumulation, inhibited foamy macrophage formation, suppressed inflammatory responses, decreased fibrotic scarring, and promoted axonal growth and motor function recovery after SCI. These beneficial effects of trehalose may be related to the overexpression of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a key regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal system, which can rescue autophagic dysfunction in foamy macrophages and inhibit inflammatory responses. Additionally, the effects of trehalose on macrophages were abolished by chloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, suggesting trehalose’s potential as a therapeutic candidate for enhancing myelin debris clearance post-SCI.

Conclusions
Our findings underscore the pivotal role of trehalose in modulating myelin debris clearance within macrophages, providing new perspectives for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Graphical abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection and colonization in patients with severe burns: a retrospective cohort study in a single burn center
Authors: Kim Myongjin , Jeon Kibum , Kym Dohern , Jung Jinsun , Jang Yu Jin , Han Seung Beom 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infection and colonization have rarely been reported in patients with severe burns, who are prone to severe bacterial infections. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of CRE infection and colonization in patients with severe burns.

Methods
The characteristics of 106 episodes of CRE acquisition (infection or colonization) in 98 patients with severe burns were evaluated by a retrospective medical record review. The duration of rectal CRE colonization and its associated factors were determined in the survived patients.

Results
Five (4.7%) of the CRE acquisitions were identified on admission, and the remaining 101 (95.3%) were identified at a median of 11 days (range 2–75 days) after admission. Klebsiella pneumoniae represented 73.6% of the isolated CRE strains, and carbapenemase-producing CRE (CP-CRE) were identified in 70.8% of the isolates. Mortality was associated with an abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) score ≥ 10 (p < 0.001) and previous carbapenem-resistant bacterial acquisition (protective, p = 0.010). For the 58 episodes of CRE acquisition in the survived patients, eradication of rectal CRE colonization was identified in 39 (67.2%) at a median of 64 days (range 10–434 days) after acquisition. CP-CRE strains were associated with prolonged rectal CRE colonization (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The characteristics of CRE infection and colonization in patients with severe burns were similar to those in general critical patients. Enhanced infection prevention and control measures should be considered for patients with severe burns of an ABSI score ≥ 10 and those with CP-CRE.
Mining versatile feruloyl esterases: phylogenetic classification, structural features, and deep learning model
Authors: Guo Liang , Dong Yuxin , Zhang Deyong , Pan Xinrong , Jin Xinjie , Yan Xinyu , Lu Yin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Feruloyl esterases (FEs, EC 3.1.1.73) play a crucial role in biological synthesis and metabolism. However, the identification of versatile FEs, capable of catalyzing a wide range of substrates, remains a challenge. In this study, we obtained 2085 FE sequences from the BRENDA database and initiated with an enzyme similarity network analysis, revealing three main clusters (1–3). Notably, both cluster 1 and cluster 3 included the characterized FEs, which exhibited significant differences in sequence length. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of these clusters unveiled a correlation between phylogenetic classification and substrate promiscuity, and enzymes with broad substrate scope tended to locate within specific branches of the phylogenetic tree. Further, molecular dynamics simulations and dynamical cross-correlation matrix analysis were employed to explore structural dynamics differences between promiscuous and substrate-specific FEs. Finally, to expand the repertoire of versatile FEs, we employed deep learning models to predict potentially promiscuous enzymes and identified 38 and 75 potential versatile FEs from cluster 1 and cluster 3 with a probability score exceeding 90%. Our findings underscore the utility of integrating phylogenetic and structural features with deep learning approaches for mining versatile FEs, shedding light on unexplored enzymatic diversity and expanding the repertoire of biocatalysts for synthetic applications.

Graphical Abstract
Diffusion behavior controlled performance enhancement of Nd-Fe-B magnets diffused by Tb-Ni alloy at various temperatures
Authors: Zhang Xuhang , Qiu Wanqi , Xu Yixin , Liao Xuefeng , Zhou Qing , Yu Hongya , Liu Zhongwu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
High coercivity and anti-corrosion properties are required for sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets used in new energy and off-shore wind power industries. Here, we found that both magnetic properties and corrosion resistance of Nd-Fe-B magnets can be significantly improved by grain boundary diffusion (GBD) of Tb69Ni31 alloy. The diffusion temperature is a key factor in determining both the magnetic properties and corrosion resistance. The wettability of Tb69Ni31 alloy with the magnet and the fluidity of Tb69Ni31 alloy gradually increase with increasing temperature above 750 ℃, which facilitates the elements diffusion. Tb and Ni show different diffusion behaviors at different temperatures. The magnet diffused at a relatively high temperature exhibits high coercivity due to the formation of a thick Tb-rich shell in the grain with high magnetocrystalline anisotropy field. However, excessive grain growth leads to a reduction in coercivity as the diffusion temperature further increases. The highest corrosion resistance is achieved by Tb69Ni31 alloy diffusion at a relatively lower temperature. By analyzing the Volta potential distribution using scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy, the Ni-rich phase with high potential formed in grain boundaries is mainly responsible for the improved corrosion resistance. The current results suggested that the performance of Tb-Ni diffused magnets can be controlled by the diffusion behaviors of Tb and Ni.
Impact of hospital formulary intervention on carbapenem use: a segmented time-series analysis of consumption and a propensity score-matched non-inferiority study of treatment efficacy
Authors: Okamura Nakaba , Katagiri Ayano , Komori Tomoya , Kawanabe Kei , Koike Hirofumi , Sahashi Yukiko , Kubota Rie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Pharmaceutical formularies play a crucial role in guiding medication use by balancing clinical effectiveness and cost efficiency. Although formulary implementation has been increasing in Japan, comprehensive evaluations of its impact on both clinical and economic outcomes are limited. This study aimed to assess the effect of introducing an antimicrobial formulary at Yokohama City University Hospital on antibiotic usage and treatment outcomes in intra-abdominal infections.

Methods
We conducted a segmented time-series analysis to evaluate changes in carbapenem usage, including doripenem, before and after formulary implementation in October 2018. Monthly antibiotic consumption was measured by antibiotic use density (AUD). The primary outcomes were changes in doripenem use and treatment efficacy for intra-abdominal infections. To assess treatment efficacy, we used non-inferiority analysis with propensity score matching based on age, sex, body mass index, cancer status, and baseline blood test results. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using predefined clinical indicators.

Results
Following the formulary intervention, doripenem use significantly decreased from 10.8 to 4.9%, meropenem use slightly increased, and imipenem/cilastatin usage remained stable. Overall, carbapenem use significantly decreased during the study period. Treatment effectiveness for intra-abdominal infections remained non-inferior, with a higher proportion of patients classified as having an “effective” response post-intervention (86.6% vs. 79.4% pre-intervention). The confidence interval confirmed the non-inferiority margin, indicating no clinically significant reduction in treatment effectiveness following the formulary introduction.

Conclusions
The introduction of an antibiotic formulary at Yokohama City University Hospital effectively reduced the use of doripenem without compromising the effectiveness of treatment of intra-abdominal infections. These findings suggest that formulary management can be a valuable strategy for optimizing antibiotic use while maintaining clinical outcomes and contributing to improved antimicrobial stewardship in healthcare settings. Further research is warranted to explore the broader implications of formulary implementation in Japanese healthcare practices.
Photon-counting detector CTA to assess intracranial stents and flow diverters: an in vivo study with ultrahigh-resolution spectral reconstructions
Authors: De Beukelaer Frederic , De Beukelaer Sophie , Wuyts Laura L. , Nikoubashman Omid , El Halal Mohammed , Kantzeli Iliana , Wiesmann Martin , Ridwan Hani , Weyland Charlotte S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
To define optimal parameters for the evaluation of vessel visibility in intracranial stents (ICS) and flow diverters (FD) using photon-counting detector computed tomography angiography (PCD-CTA) with spectral reconstructions.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with implanted ICS or FD, who received a PCD-CTA between April 2023 and March 2024. Polyenergetic, virtual monoenergetic, pure lumen, and iodine reconstructions with different keV levels (40, 60, and 80) and reconstruction kernels (body vascular [Bv]48, Bv56, Bv64, Bv72, and Bv76) were evaluated by two radiologists with regions of interests and Likert scales. Reconstructions were compared in descriptive analysis.

Results
In total, twelve patients with nine FDs and six ICSs were analyzed. In terms of quantitative image quality, sharper kernels as Bv64 and Bv72 yielded increased image noise and decreased signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios compared to the smoothest kernel Bv48 (p = 0.001). Among the different keV levels and kernels, readers selected the 40 keV level (p = 0.001) and sharper kernels (in the majority of cases Bv72) as the best to visualize the in-stent vessel lumen. Assessing the different spectral reconstructions virtual monoenergetic and iodine reconstructions proved to be best to evaluate in-stent vessel lumen (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
PCD-CTA and spectral reconstructions with sharper reconstruction kernels and a low keV level of 40 seem to be beneficial to achieve optimal image quality for the evaluation of ICS and FD. Iodine and virtual monoenergetic reconstructions were superior to pure lumen and polyenergetic reconstructions to evaluate in-stent vessel lumen.

Relevance statement
PCD-CTA offers the opportunity to reduce the need for invasive angiography serving as follow-up examination after intracranial stent (ICS) or flow diverter (FD) implantation.

Key Points

Neuroimaging of intracranial vessels with implanted stents and flow diverters is limited by artifacts.

Twelve patients with nine flow diverters and six intracranial stents underwent photon-counting detector computed tomography angiography (PCD-CTA).

In-stent vessel lumen visibility improved using sharp reconstruction kernels and a low keV level.

Virtual monoenergetic and iodine reconstructions were best to evaluate in-stent vessel lumen.

Graphical Abstract
Feasibility of generating sagittal radiographs from coronal views using GAN-based deep learning framework in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Bassani Tito , Cina Andrea , Galbusera Fabio , Cazzato Andrea , Pellegrino Maria Elena , Albano Domenico , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Minimizing radiation exposure is crucial in monitoring adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged as valuable tools being able to generate high-quality synthetic images. This study explores the use of GANs to generate synthetic sagittal radiographs from coronal views in AIS patients.

Methods
A dataset of 3,935 AIS patients who underwent spine and pelvis radiographic examinations using the EOS system, which simultaneously acquires coronal and sagittal images, was analyzed. The dataset was divided into training-set (85%, n = 3,356) and test-set (15%, n = 579). GAN model was trained to generate sagittal images from coronal views, with real sagittal views as reference standard. To assess accuracy, 100 subjects from the test-set were randomly selected for manual measurement of lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA) by two radiologists in both synthetic and real images.

Results
Sixty-nine synthetic images were considered assessable. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranged 0.93–0.99 for measurements in real images, and from 0.83 to 0.88 for synthetic images. Correlations between parameters of real and synthetic images were 0.52 (LL), 0.17 (SS), 0.18 (PI), and 0.74 (SVA). Measurement errors showed minimal correlation with scoliosis severity. Mean ± standard deviation absolute errors were 7 ± 7° (LL), 9 ± 7° (SS), 9 ± 8° (PI), and 1.1 ± 0.8 cm (SVA).

Conclusion
While the model generates sagittal images visually consistent with reference images, their quality is not sufficient for clinical parameter assessment, except for promising results in SVA.

Relevance statement
AI can generate synthetic sagittal radiographs from coronal views to reduce radiation exposure in monitoring adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, while these synthetic images appear visually consistent with real ones, their quality remains insufficient for accurate clinical assessment.

Key Points

AI can be exploited to generate synthetic sagittal radiographs from coronal views.

Dataset of 3,935 subjects was used to train and test AI-model; spinal parameters from synthetic and real images were compared.

Synthetic images were visually consistent with real ones, but quality was generally insufficient for accurate clinical assessment.

Graphical Abstract
Diversity of aphids and their natural enemies in forest areas of northwestern Algeria, with a new record of Myzocallis schreiberi
Authors: Akrich Amine , Righi Kada , Righi Fatiha Assia , Chedad Abdelwahab , Japoshivli George 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Aphids are piercing-sucking insects that can cause many problems for plants in different environments, such as the trees and shrubs of forest ecosystems. However, aphids are an important part of the food chain. Aphids provide food for numerous predators and serve as a source of reproduction for numerous parasitoid species. This aids in maintaining the equilibrium of the environment.

Results
We conducted the current study, based on weekly visual sampling of aphids and their natural enemies, in two forests with a total area of 31 hectares located in northwestern Algeria from February to June 2021 and 2022. We recorded twenty aphid species on fourteen tree and shrub species, including the Holm oak aphid, Myzocallis schreiberi, which is a first for Algeria. This study has also revealed 12 species of predators belonging to five families, as well as four species of primary parasitoids belonging to the Braconidae family. The most abundant predator in the aphid population was the species Coccinella algerica (Linnaeus, 1758), while Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall, 1896) was the most abundant parasitoid.

Conclusions
Natural enemies, such as predators and parasites, play a crucial role in controlling populations of aphids. By protecting the survival and reproduction of natural enemies, we can help maintain a diverse and healthy ecosystem.
How satisfied am I with mobile wallets? Exploring the nexus between MSQual, hedonism, and satisfaction
Authors: Ahmad Asad , Madsen Dag Øivind , Garg Swati 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The widespread use of mobile devices for banking has been revolutionary, with the rise in mobile wallet adoption turning it into a competitive space for industries like high-tech firms, banks, and other entities aiming to attract users to their platforms. In India, mobile wallets have rapidly gained popularity, emerging as a preferred payment method among internet users. This trend has driven a substantial rise in mobile wallet transactions over the past 4–5 years. While many studies have explored how users perceive mobile devices, few have focused on mobile wallet user satisfaction, especially in developing countries. To bridge this gap, this study investigates key factors influencing mobile wallet user satisfaction. It introduces a 17-item scale encompassing three factors tailored to the Indian context.