bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lupus vulgaris developing at the site of misdiagnosed scrofuloderma
Authors: Motta A , Feliciani C , Toto P , De Benedetto A , Morelli F , Tulli A 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTCutaneous tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis primarily occurring in developing countries. The recent increase in the incidence of tuberculosis, especially due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, has led to a resurgence of extrapulmonary forms of this disease. We describe a case of lupus vulgaris in a 33‐year‐old woman who had a 5‐year history of a slowly growing plaque on her neck. The lesion was located at the site of surgery repairing the scar resulting from the incision of a subcutaneous abscess during childhood. This lesion was misdiagnosed as bacterial abscess. Histopathologic examination of the plaque revealed non‐caseating tuberculoid granulomas consisting of lymphocytes, epithelioid and giant cells. Staining for acid‐fast bacilli and culture from biopsied tissue was negative. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA, performed on a skin biopsy specimen, was positive. A diagnosis of lupus vulgaris developing at the site of a previous misdiagnosed scrofuloderma was made. Conventional antitubercular therapy with rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol was administered for 6 months, resulting in resolution of the lesion.
Resolution of orofacial granulomatosis with amalgam removal
Authors: Guttman‐Yassky E , Weltfriend S , Bergman R 
Published: December 2004

ABSTRACTA 61‐year‐old woman presented with a 2‐year history of an abnormal erythematous swelling on the upper lip and cheek. Upon examination there were no other physical findings. Histological examination found discreet sarcoidal granulomas in the lower dermis. Routine laboratory studies, chest radiographs and pulmonary functions were all normal. Clinical presentation and histological findings were, therefore, compatible with the diagnosis of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG). The patient was patch tested with an extended standard series that included metal–salt, dental prosthesis, bakery and corticosteroids series. The patch test was positive (score ++) after 48 and 72 h for mercury in the metal–salt and dental prosthesis series. During the past decade the patient had received amalgam fillings of several dental cavities, including one adjacent to the swollen cheek. The unilateral localization of the soft tissue swelling adjacent to the amalgam tooth fillings, along with the positive patch test for mercury, raised the possibility that the OFG was part of a delayed hypersensitive reaction to the fillings. The patient therefore underwent a total amalgam replacement procedure; complete disappearance of the swelling overlying the right cheek was observed within 7 weeks and the swelling of the upper lip subsided completely within 6 months. We propose that mercury in amalgam tooth fillings is another cause of OFG and suggest appropriate patch testing in patients who do not have an apparent cause of OFG.
The role of the cytoskeleton in the morphogenesis and function of stomatal complexes
Authors: Galatis Basil , Apostolakos Panagiotis 
Published: December 2004

SummaryMicrotubules (MTs) and actin filaments (AFs) form highly organized arrays in stomatal cells that play key roles in the morphogenesis of stomatal complexes. The cortical MTs controlling the orientation of the depositing cellulose microfibrils (CMs) and affecting the pattern of local wall thickenings define the mechanical properties of the walls of stomatal cells, thus regulating accurately their shape. Besides, they are involved in determination of the cell division plane. Substomatal cavity and stomatal pore formation are also MT‐dependent processes. Among the cortical MT arrays, the radial ones lining the periclinal walls are of particular morphogenetic importance. Putative MT organizing centers (MTOCs) function at their focal regions, at least in guard cells (GCs), or alternatively, these regions either organize or nucleate cortical MTs. AFs are involved in cell polarization preceding asymmetrical divisions, in determination of the cell division plane and final cell plate alignment and probably in transduction of stimuli implicated in stomatal complex morphogenesis. Mature kidney‐shaped GCs display radial AF arrays, undergoing definite organization cycles during stomatal movement. They are involved in stomatal movement, probably by controlling plasmalemma ion‐channel activities. Radial MT arrays also persist in mature GCs, but a role in stomatal function cannot yet be attributed to them.ContentsSummary613I.Introduction614II.Cytoskeleton and development of the stomatal complexes614III.Cytoskeleton and stomatal cell shaping620IV.Stomatal pore formation624V.Substomatal cavity formation625VI.Stomatal complex morphogenesis in mutants626VII.Cytoskeleton dynamics in functioning stomata628VIII.Mechanisms of microtubule organization in stomatal cells631IX.Conclusions‐perspectives634References635
Reproductive isolation between autotetraploids and their diploid progenitors in fireweed,Chamerion angustifolium(Onagraceae)
Authors: Husband Brian C. , Sabara Holly A. 
Published: December 2004

SummaryPolyploidy is viewed as an important mechanism of sympatric speciation, but few studies have documented the reproductive barriers between polyploids and their diploid progenitors or explored the significance of assortative mating for polyploid establishment. Here we synthesize new and existing data on five prezygotic (geographic isolation, flowering asynchrony, pollinator fidelity, self‐pollination, gametic selection) and two postzygotic (selection against triploid hybrids, inbreeding depression) reproductive barriers between diploid and autotetraploid individuals of the perennial plantChamerion angustifolium. We also present estimates of realized rates of between‐ploidy mating and examine the impact of assortative mating on polyploid dynamics using computer simulation. Reproductive isolation (measured from 0 to 1) was enforced by each barrier, including: geographic separation (RI = 0.41), flowering asynchrony (0.13), pollinator fidelity (0.85), self‐pollination (0.44), gametic selection (0.44) and postzygotic isolation (0.87). Total reproductive isolation was 0.997, with the largest relative contributions by geography (41%) and pollinator fidelity (44%). Prezygotic barriers accounted for 97.6% isolation overall; however, tetraploids were more assortatively mating (98%) than diploids (79%). Realized reproductive isolation between ploidy levels in sympatric populations was 87% and tetraploids produced significantly fewer triploids than did diploids. Simulations indicated that the observed prezygotic isolation will reduce the strength of minority disadvantage acting on tetraploids and increase the importance of differences in viability and fertility between cytotypes in regulating polyploidy establishment.
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers from the marine gastropodLittorina saxatilis
Authors: Sokolov E. P. , Sokolova I. M. , Pörtner H.‐O. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSeven polymorphic microsatellite loci are described in the marine intertidal gastropodLittorina saxatilis. Preliminary data on allelic variation of these loci in a White Sea population ofL. saxatilisare presented in order to assess their potential utility as high‐resolution genetic markers for this model species.
Microsatellite primers for Australian and New Guinean pythons isolated with an efficient marker development method for related species
Authors: Jordan Philip W. , Goodman Amanda E. , Donnellan Stephen 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMicrosatellites are powerful molecular genetic markers for many evolutionary and biotechnological investigations, however, development of sufficient microsatellite markers is time‐consuming and expensive especially considering the vast numbers of species for which they could be used. In light of the conservative nature of microsatellite loci between related species we describe an alternative approach to microsatellite development. A single round of microsatellite isolation enabled the characterization of sufficient loci for a large number of related python species. From 21 loci isolated in the focal species, an average of 86.2% were conserved within the other species while an average of 60.5% were polymorphic in all 13 python species analysed. Our approach will decrease significantly the expense and time required for microsatellite development for large numbers of related species.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Portunus pelagicus (Crustacea: Portunidae)
Authors: Yap E. S. , Sezmis E. , Chaplin J. A. , Potter I. C. , Spencer P. B. S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractSeven dinucleotide and one tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized, using routine protocols, from the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus. These loci will be useful for investigating the population structure of this broadly distributed and economically important portunid. In particular, all eight loci were polymorphic in P. pelagicus collected from throughout Australia. In addition, the genotype frequencies at each locus in each population sample were usually not significantly different from those expected under Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium conditions. Six of the eight loci also showed moderate to high levels of polymorphism in an undescribed species of Portunus from northern Australia.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the marine seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (Phaeophyceae; Fucales)
Authors: Olsen J. L. , Sadowski G. , Stam W. T. , Veldsink J. H. , Jones K. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract Ascophyllum nodosum L. dominates rocky intertidal shores throughout the temperate North Atlantic. Six microsatellite loci were developed for A. nodosum using enriched libraries. The number of alleles ranged from 9 to 24 and heterozygosities from 0.2213 to 0.7785. Ascophyllum is monotypic. There was no cross‐reactivity observed with Fucus serratus, F. vesiculosus or F. evanescens.
Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers in the water rat (Hydromys chrysogaster)
Authors: Hinds Francis E. , Close Robert L. , Campbell Mary T. , Spencer Peter B. S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe water rat (Hydromys chrysogaster) is well adapted to a semiaquatic life and is endemic to dispersed regions of Australia and New Guinea. To analyse the genetic diversity of water rat populations, polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed. A partial genomic library was screened for microsatellite sequences. Following isolation of the microsatellite sequences, primers were designed to amplify seven loci and of these loci, five were polymorphic. The sample tested for polymorphisms came from areas across Australia and New Guinea. Between three and 13 alleles were detected for each locus. In addition the primers amplified two loci in Mus musculus and Rattus rattus.
Development of a polymerase chain reaction‐based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique to study nematode species biodiversity using the 18s rDNA gene
Authors: Foucher A. , Wilson M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractA polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique was developed to evaluate nematode biodiversity. Amplified fragments (approximately 630 bp) of nematode 18S rDNA could be separated by DGGE at 60 °C for 5.5 h using a gradient of 30–55% denaturant. No DNA from the nematodes’ food source was observed on the gels. The sensitivity of the system was tested using DNA from six species of Steinernema. The system clearly separated PCR fragments from all species except S. tami and S. carpocapsae, which had similar melting behaviour despite being widely separated on the phylogenetic tree.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellites in Echinochloa (L.) Beauv. spp.
Authors: Danquah E. Y. , Hanley S. J. , Brookes R. C. , Aldam C. , Karp A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFive primer pairs were developed that amplify microsatellite loci in three agronomically important Echinochloa (L.) Beauv. species: E. colona (L.) Link, E. crus‐galli (L.) Beauv. and E. crus‐pavonis (Kunth) Schultes. The microsatellites were tested on 24 individuals representing three species collected in rice fields from different geographical regions and revealed 3–7 alleles per microsatellite. Gene diversity [1 − Σpij2] for four polymorphic loci within E. crus‐galli ranged from 0.12 to 0.61. Alleles at a fifth locus were useful in discriminating the species. The microsatellites should provide useful markers for intraspecific diversity studies and aid classification of species within this complex genus.
Polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers in the ant Formica exsecta
Authors: Gyllenstrand Niclas , Gertsch Pia J. , Pamilo Pekka 
Published: December 2004

AbstractHighly polymorphic genetic markers provide a useful tool for estimating important genetic parameters in studies of the evolution of sociality in insects. Here we report 14 polymorphic microsatellite markers developed in the ant Formica exsecta. The number of alleles found ranged between 3 and 18 per locus. These markers were developed for studying genetic population structure and mating structure in F. exsecta populations with varying social organizations (monogyne and polygyne types of societies). Cross‐species amplification indicated that some of the markers might be usable even in species belonging to different subfamilies.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae)
Authors: Sallé A. , Kerdelhué C. , Breton M. , Lieutier F. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract Ips typographus is an economically important pest of Norway spruce stands. We developed five polymorphic microsatellite markers using a biotin enrichment protocol. The number of alleles ranged from three to 11 per locus and no strong evidence for null alleles was found. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.3 to 0.97. These markers could be useful tools to study the population structure and genetic consequences of I. typographus population outbreaks.
Eleven new microsatellites of the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)
Authors: Tsigenopoulos C. S. , Hellemans B. , Chistiakov D. A. , Libertini A. , Kotoulas G. , Volckaert F. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractEleven polymorphic microsatellites were isolated from the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, using a microsatellite enrichment protocol and selective hybridization with an (AC)12 probe. The loci showed different variation patterns in 21 unrelated sea bass individuals, with a mean number of alleles of 8.6 and a mean observed heterozygosity of 0.68. These microsatellite markers should be useful for population genetic analysis and biodiversity studies of sea bass.
Characterization of spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta microsatellite loci
Authors: Wilhelm Kerstin , Dawson Deborah A. , Gentle Louise K. , Horsfield Giles F. , Schlötterer Christian , Greig Carolsyn , East Marion , Hofer Heribert , Tautz Diethard , Burke Terry 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe have isolated 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta. The loci displayed between eight and 14 alleles in a minimum of 12 individuals tested. These loci will be used to investigate relatedness within social groups, the genetic structure of populations, sexual selection, and mate choice in spotted hyenas.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in a seed chalcid, Megastigmus spermotrophus (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)
Authors: Boivin S. , Kerdelhué C. , Rozenberg M. A. , Cariou M. L. , Roques A. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractHighly polymorphic microsatellite markers can supply demographic information on founder events and range expansion following initial introduction of invasive insect species. Six microsatellite loci were isolated from a partial DNA library in order to study the invasion patterns of a seed chalcid, Megastigmus spermotrophus, introduced to Europe and New Zealand. Allelic diversity at all described loci was high, ranging from 17 to 30 alleles per locus. All six loci were successfully amplified in 15 congeneric species.
The mitochondrial control region of the black howler monkey, Alouatta caraya (Primates, Platyrrhini), and the development of new primers
Authors: Ascunce M. S. , Cortes‐Ortiz L. , Mudry M. D. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe analysis of polymorphic genetic markers is necessary to assess the genetic variability of natural populations in order to develop effective conservation strategies. However, the molecular genetic variability of most neotropical primates is not well known. Therefore, we describe 13 primers for the amplification and sequencing of the mitochondrial control region that were developed for Alouatta caraya. Six of these primers gave unique bands on four other platyrrhine species (Alouatta palliata, Ateles paniscus, Ateles belzebuth and Saimiri boliviensis) showing their utility for control region amplification and sequencing in these platyrrhine species.
Characterization of dinucleotide microsatellite markers in the parthenogenetic mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris)
Authors: Wilmhoff C. D. , Csepeggi C. E. , Petren K. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe present 16 variable dinucleotide microsatellite markers to quantify genetic variation in the parthenogenetic gecko, Lepidodactylus lugubris. Genetic diversity at these loci was unusually high for an asexual species. Subsets of individuals produced identical genotypes across all loci. Individual loci revealed evidence of polyploidy and marked differences between observed and expected heterozygosity, indicating the presence of null alleles. These patterns conform to prior expectations based on the distant genetic relationships between the presumed sexual progenitors of L. lugubris. Comparisons with sexual relatives will be required to determine the sources of the observed genetic variation.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and cross‐species amplification within the genus Seriola
Authors: Ohara E. , Nishimura T. , Sakamoto T. , Nagakura Y. , Mushiake K. , Okamoto N. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe developed five microsatellite primer pairs for the yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. The loci were highly polymorphic, with eight to 14 alleles per locus, and can be used to study kinship and/or population structure. Many of these primer pairs amplified polymorphic loci in cross‐species amplification tests for two other Seriola species (S. lalandi and S. dumerili).
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite DNA markers in the malaria vector Anopheles nili
Authors: Berthomieu A. , Kengne P. , Awono‐Ambene P. , Raymond M. , Fontenille D. , Weill M. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe mosquito Anopheles nili is widespread across tropical Africa and appears to be the major vector of malaria in some rural forested areas of central Africa. Here we describe the isolation of 11 microsatellite polymorphic loci from the A. nili genome, displaying a high among‐individual diversity (0.58–0.96) in samples from west Africa. Two loci displayed a significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg proportions across all samples, suggesting a substantial frequency of null alleles. The remaining nine loci are good candidates for further genetic studies in this species.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers from Schistosoma japonicum
Authors: Shrivastava J. , Barker G. C. , Johansen M. V. , Xiaonong Z. , Aligui G. D. , Mcgarvey S. T. , Webster J. P. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractThe ability of microsatellite loci to reveal genetic diversity within the trematode Schistosoma japonicum is demonstrated. Eleven novel microsatellite markers were isolated, assessing variability within 80 S. japonicum individuals from three Chinese and one Philippine population. Novel primers were also tested upon S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Eight primers showed polymorphic amplification from all S. japonicum groups, three amplified S. mansoni DNA, but none amplified S. haematobium DNA. Only six of 27 previously isolated S. mansoni‐specific primers amplified S. japonicum DNA. Allelic diversity and observed heterozygosity ranged from 4 to 21 and 0.05 to 0.82, respectively, suggesting high variability.
Isolation and characterization of variable microsatellite loci in Lilium philadelphicum (Liliaceae)
Authors: Horning Matthew E. , Maloney Scott C. , Webster Michael S. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractHere we describe the characterization of six polymorphic microsatellite loci for Lilium philadelphicum (Liliaceae). Polymorphism levels ranged from 7 to 30 alleles per locus with a mean number of 15 alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.17 to 0.82 and did not deviate from Hardy–Weinberg expectations in the three western Montana populations included in the analysis. These loci are proving useful in studying gene flow between populations of this species distributed across its range in North America.
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the Blue‐and‐gold Macaw, Ara ararauna (Psittaciformes: Aves)
Authors: Caparroz R. , Miyaki C. Y. , Baker A. J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractMicrosatellite loci were isolated from the Blue‐and‐gold Macaw (Ara ararauna), a Neotropical parrot, from a GTn and CTn enriched genomic library. Six loci were characterized varying from one to 11 alleles per locus. Five loci exhibited greater than 50% heterozygosity within the 49 individuals genotyped. Furthermore, the primers also amplified the DNA from two additional genera of Neotropical parrots, indicating the potential utility of these markers for population‐level studies and conservation efforts of Neotropical parrots.
Development of microsatellite markers for muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) and cross‐species amplification in two other esocids
Authors: Reading Benjamin J. , Wills Paul S. , Heidinger Roy C. , Heist Edward J. 
Published: December 2004

AbstractWe report the development of seven polymorphic microsatellite loci in muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) using an unenriched subgenomic library. Polymorphic loci exhibited 2–11 alleles with observed heterozygosities ranging from 0.190 to 0.917 (n = 24). All seven loci amplified by their respective primer pairs resulted in monomorphic products in northern pike (E. lucius) whereas three loci amplified monomorphic products in grass pickerel (E. americanus americanus); these results imply conservation of flanking sequence but loss of polymorphism between these closely related species. Only one of six microsatellite primers developed in a previous study in northern pike amplified polymorphic products in muskellunge.
Characterization of microsatellite markers in the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae)
Authors: Ouma J. O. , Cummings M. A. , Jones K. C. , Krafsur E. S. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract Glossina pallidipes is a vector of African trypanosomiasis. Here we characterize eight new polymorphic microsatellite loci in 288 G. pallidipes sampled from 12 Kenya populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from four to 36 with a mean of 20.5 ± 10.1. Expected single locus heterozygosities varied from 0.044 to 0.829. Heterozygosity averaged 0.616 ± 0.246. No linkage disequilibrium was found. We also report results in eight other tsetse species estimated by using the primers developed in G. pallidipes. The primers worked best in G. swynnertoni and G. austeni and worst in G. m. morsitans and G. m. submorsitans.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the saltmarsh beetle Pogonus chalceus (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Dhuyvetter Hilde , Desender Konjev 
Published: December 2004

AbstractFive microsatellite loci were isolated from the saltmarsh beetle Pogonus chalceus. Polymorphism ranges from six to 16 alleles, and observed and expected heterozygosities range from 0.437–0.764 and 0.588–0.786, respectively. Most loci cross‐amplified well in four other Pogonus species.