bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ, Treatment with Guanidinium Chloride Ligand Enables Efficient Blue Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with 23.5% External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Ren Yanfang , Li Chenguang , Fang Yan , Pang Shan , Jiang Xiaohong , Li Meng , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe poor efficiency and stability of blue Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting diodes (QLED) hinders the practical applications of QLEDs full‐color displays. Excessive electron injection, insufficient hole injection, and abundant defects on the surface of quantum dots (QD) are the main issues limiting the performance of blue devices. Herein, an in situ treatment with bipolar small molecule polydentate ligand–guanidine chloride (GACl) is proposed to simultaneously suppress excessive electron injection, patch surface defects of QDs and enhance hole injection. GACl‐treated blue QLEDs exhibited a remarkable increase in maximal external quantum Efficiency (EQE) from 16.3% to a record 23.5%, accompanied by maximal luminance (36810 cd m−2), excellent maximal current efficiency (17.5 cd A−1), and enhanced device stability. Combining C–V and J–V characteristics, a concise physical model of hole injection is also established: Below 3 V, hole injection is controlled by the interfacial barrier, primarily through tunneling and thermionic injection; Above 3 V, the interfacial barrier is eliminated, and hole injection efficiency is governed by transport within the QD layer. This study showed a clear physical model for understanding the hole injection mechanism in QLEDs, offering valuable design strategies for improving the performance of blue‐QLEDs.
High‐Modulus Homochiral Torsional Oxide Ceramic Artificial Muscles
Authors: Wu Jiawei , Guo Yongshi , Tian Xuwang , Fu Kun , Yan Jianhua 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFiber‐based artificial muscles are soft actuators used to mimic the movement of human muscles. However, using high modulus oxide ceramics to fabricate artificial muscles with high energy and power is a challenge as they are prone to brittle fracture during torsion. Here, a ceramic metallization strategy is reported that solves the problem of low torsion and low ductility of alumina (Al2O3) ceramics by chemical plating a thin copper layer on alumina filaments. These filaments with a high modulus of ≈180 GPa can be twisted into chiral coiled artificial muscles, exhibiting a unique electric thermal actuation mechanism. This tough and robust alumina artificial muscle can carry objects equivalent to 0.28 million times its weight and provide high actuation stress of up to 483.5 MPa. In addition, it exhibits 18 times higher contraction power and 240 times higher energy density than human muscles, as well as a high energy conversion efficiency of up to 7.59%, which far exceeds most reported actuated carbon and polymer artificial muscles. This work has achieved large‐scale manufacturing of high‐modulus oxide ceramic muscles for the first time.
Bifunctional Group Modulation Strategy Enables MR‐TADF Electroluminescence Toward BT.2020 Green Light Standard
Authors: Wu Lin , Xin Ziru , Liu Denghui , Li Deli , Zhang Jiasen , Zhou Yubo , Wu Siyao , Wang Tao , Su Shi‐Jian , Li Wei , Ge Ziyi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHerein, a parallel “bifunctional group” modulation method is proposed to achieve controlled modulation of the emission wavelength and full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) values. As a result, three proof‐of‐concept emitters, namely DBNDS‐TPh, DBNDS‐DFPh, and DBNDS‐CNPh, are designed and synthesized, with the first functional dibenzo[b,d]thiophene unit concurrently reducing the bandgap and elevate their triplet state energy. A second functional group 1,1′:3′,1″‐triphenyl, and electron acceptors 1,3‐difluorobenzene and benzonitrile, respectively, to deepen the HOMO and LUMO levels. Accordingly, the CIE coordinates of DBNDS‐TPh, DBNDS‐DFPh, and DBNDS‐CNPh are (0.13, 0.77), (0.14, 0.77), and (0.14, 0.76) respectively, in a dilute toluene solution. This marks the first instance of achieving a CIEy value of 0.77 in dilute toluene solutions. Significantly, the non‐sensitized pure‐green OLEDs based on DBNDS‐TPh and DBNDS‐DFPh demonstrate peak EQE of 35.0% and 34.5%, with corresponding CIE coordinates of (0.18, 0.75), (0.17, 0.76) at the doping concentration of 1 wt.%, representing the first green OLED with a CIEy value reaching 0.76 in a bottom‐emitting device structure as reported in the literature.
Synergistic Control of Ferroelectric and Optical Properties in Molecular Ferroelectric for Multiplexing Nonvolatile Memory
Authors: Cao Xiao‐Xing , Ding Si‐Rui , Du Guo‐wei , Jing Zheng‐Yin , Xiong Yu‐An , Feng Zi‐Jie , Ji Hao‐Ran , Pan Qiang , You Yu‐Meng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUtilizing the correlation among diverse physical properties to facilitate multiplexing and multistate memory is anticipated to emerge as an efficient strategy to enhance memory capacity, achieve device miniaturization, and ensure information security. As an important functional material, ferroelectrics have long been considered as a potential candidate in multistate memory devices. Furthermore, the integration of optical response offers an alternative path to realizing multiplexing features, further enhancing the versatility and efficiency of these devices. However, combining ferroelectricity and optical activity is always challenging because ferroelectricity is very sensitive to the crystal structure. In this study, on the correlation between ferroelectric polarization (FP) and optical properties in molecular ferroelectric material, trimethylchloromethyl ammonium trichloromanganese (TMCM‐MnCl3) is reported. This research demonstrated that the FP can modulate the photoluminescence (PL) emission, while optical illumination can trigger FP reversal. Based on these, both electric‐writing optical‐reading (EWOR) and optical‐writing electrical‐reading (OWER) modes have been conclusively established, and the seamless transition between these two modes can be achieved by adjusting the excitation light intensity. These findings reveal an intriguing physical interconnection and imply the viability of implementing multiplexing and multistate memory functionalities in systems based on ferroelectrics.
Plasmonic Single‐Molecule Affinity Detection at 10−20 Molar
Authors: Macchia Eleonora , Franco Cinzia Di , Scandurra Cecilia , Sarcina Lucia , Piscitelli Matteo , Catacchio Michele , Caputo Mariapia , Bollella Paolo , Scamarcio Gaetano , Torsi Luisa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDNA can be readily amplified through replication, enabling the detection of a single‐target copy. A comparable performance for proteins in immunoassays has yet to be fully assessed. Surface‐plasmon‐resonance (SPR) serves as a probe capable of performing assays at concentrations typically around 10⁻⁹ molar. In this study, plasmonic single‐molecule assays for both proteins and DNA are demonstrated, achieving limits‐of‐detections (LODs) as low as 10⁻2⁰ molar (1 ± 1 molecule in 0.1 mL), even in human serum, in 1 h. This represents an improvement in typical SPR LODs by eleven orders‐of‐magnitude. The single‐molecule SPR assay is achieved with a millimeter‐wide surface functionalized with a physisorbed biolayer comprising trillions of recognition‐elements (antibodies or protein–probe complexes) which undergo an acidic or alkaline pH‐conditioning. Potentiometric and surface‐probing imaging experiments reveal the phenomenon underlying this extraordinary performance enhancement. The data suggest an unexplored amplification process within the biomaterial, where pH‐conditioning, driving the biolayer in a metastable state, induces a self‐propagating aggregation of partially misfolded proteins, following single‐affinity binding. This process triggers an electrostatic rearrangement, resulting in the displacement of a charge equivalent to 1.5e per 102 recognition elements. Such findings open new opportunities for reliable SPR‐based biosensing at the physical detection limits, with promising applications in point‐of‐care plasmonic systems.
A Versatile Side Entry Laser System for Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Dyck Ondrej , Olunloyo Olugbenga , Xiao Kai , Wolf Benjamin , Moore Thomas M. , Lupini Andrew R. , Jesse Stephen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study presents the design and implementation of a side entry laser system designed for an ultrahigh vacuum scanning transmission electron microscope. This system uses a versatile probe design enclosed in a vacuum envelope such that parts can be easily aligned, modified or exchanged without disturbing the vacuum. The system uses a mirror mounted on the sample holder such that the sample can be illuminated without being tilted. Notably the mirror can be removed and replaced with an ablation target and a higher power laser used to ablate material directly onto the sample. The authors argue that new capabilities hold the potential to transform the electron microscope from an analysis tool toward a more flexible synthesis system, where atomic scale fabrication and atom‐by‐atom experiments can be performed.
A Protocol Using Compact 3D Printed Micro‐Optical Elements for Protein Identification from Low‐Intensity Amino‐Acid Raman Signals
Authors: Weinacker Jannis , Bhandari Bikash Kumar , Viejo Rodriguez Alba , West Charlotte , De Angelis Francesco , Tantussi Francesco , Maccaferri Nicolò , Goldman Nick , Wegener Martin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhen performing optical high‐speed single‐molecule spectroscopy and identification, low signal intensities pose a challenge. Fortunately, for many applications, the number of possible molecules in the specimen is small or limited. For such cases, a protocol is presented that uses only a small number of very sensitive hence expensive detectors. The protocol starts with optimizing spectral regions, one per detector, so that different molecules become best distinguishable. Experimentally, the spectral regions are extracted from the continuous spectrum using a custom‐made micro‐optical element. In the ray‐optics picture, it guides all rays in a spectral region onto the entrance of an optical fiber connected to one detector. The shape of the micro‐optical element is derived by applying Snell's law to the given geometrical boundary conditions. A proof‐of‐concept measurement using a dedicated demonstrator refractive optical element in combination with a continuous white‐light source is performed. Indeed, the element selects the correct spectral regions and couples the light into the correct fibers. For the example of the identification of single amino acids in a protein, the protocol leads to a higher correct identification rate. Therefore, this protocol is useful for such protein identification experiments as performed in the EU project ProID.
Dermal Substitutes for Clinical Management of Severe Burn Injuries: Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Vo Van , Haidari Hanif , Cowin Allison J. , Wagstaff Marcus , Dearman Bronwyn , Kopecki Zlatko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite significant advances in recent decades, severe burns remain a formidable challenge, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The immunocompromised state following severe burn injuries, compounded by the loss of the protective skin barrier, increases the risk of bacterial colonization and invasion. Without appropriate management, infections in burn patients can progress to sepsis, a life‐threatening complication. Current burn care often fails to achieve optimal tissue regeneration and infection prevention, necessitating a combination of different approaches. Developing innovative and safer strategies to mitigate burn infections is essential for improving patient outcomes. This review provides updated insights into various biomaterials tailored for managing infections in severe burns, offering comprehensive insights and a summary of emerging technologies for potential clinical application. Additionally, an in‐depth discussion on current research and clinical areas that warrant further investigation is presented. Potential avenues for next‐generation dermal substitutes aimed at improving regeneration and preventing burn wound infections are then explored.
Billion‐Scale Expansion of Functional hiPSC‐Derived Cardiomyocytes in Bioreactors Through Oxygen Control and Continuous Wnt Activation
Authors: Vicente Pedro , Inocêncio Lara R. , Ullate‐Agote Asier , Louro Ana F. , Jacinto João , Gamelas Beatriz , Iglesias‐García Olalla , Martin‐Uriz Patxi San , Aguirre‐Ruiz Paula , Ríos‐Muñoz Gonzalo R. , Fernández‐Santos María Eugenia , van Mil Alain , Sluijter Joost P. G. , Prósper Felipe , Vega Manuel M Mazo , Alves Paula M. , Serra Margarida 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGeneration of upscaled quantities of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC‐CM), for therapeutic or testing applications, is both expensive and time‐consuming. Herein, a scalable bioprocess for hiPSC‐CM expansion in stirred‐tank bioreactors (STB) is developed. By combining the continuous activation of the Wnt pathway, through perfusion of CHIR99021, within a mild hypoxia environment, the expansion of hiPSC‐CM as aggregates is maximized, reaching 4 billion of pure hiPSC‐CM in 2L STB. In particular, the importance of i) controlling the dissolved oxygen at 10% O2 to reduce reactive oxygen species production and upregulate genes involved in cell proliferation, resulting in higher expansion rates (tenfold) compared to normoxic conditions, and ii) maintaining constant power input per volume as a scale‐up criteria is demonstrated. After expansion, hiPSC‐CM further mature in culture, revealing more mature transcriptional signatures, higher sarcomere alignment and improved calcium handling. This new bioprocess opens the door to time‐ and cost‐effective generation of hiPSC‐CM.
Biomolecular Microneedle Initiates Fe3O4/MXene Heterojunction‐Mediated Nanozyme‐Like Reactions and Bacterial Ferroptosis to Repair Diabetic Wounds
Authors: You Wenjie , Cai Zichao , Xiao Feng , Zhao Jiaxin , Wang Guanyi , Wang Wang , Chen Zesheng , Hu Weikang , Chen Yun , Wang Zijian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in wound healing. They act as crucial signaling molecules and antimicrobial agents when present at moderate levels. However, excessive levels of ROS can hinder the healing process for individuals with diabetes. As a result, targeting ROS levels to maintain redox balance has become a promising strategy for improving wound recovery. Currently, no biomaterials have been reported to simultaneously up‐regulate and down‐regulate ROS to achieve broad‐spectrum antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Inspired by the site‐dependent effect of nanomaterials, a micron‐sized ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4)/MXene (FM) heterojunction is synthesized using a hydrothermal method. The FM heterojunction could scavenge extracellular ROS by activating catalase (CAT)‐like and superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐like nanozyme activities. Meanwhile, FM heterojunction could release ferric ions and ferrous ions by defect engineering to induce bacterial ferroptosis, up‐regulating intercellular ROS, and lipid peroxidation. For applications in vivo, FM heterojunction is incorporated into the tips of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)‐based microneedle (termed as GFM microneedle) using a two‐step casting technique. The results showed that GFM microneedle combined with photothermal therapy could improve S. aureus‐infected skin regeneration in diabetic rats. The effectiveness and safety of GFM microneedle are not less favorable than that of a commercial wound dressing. This study provides a proof‐of‐concept for heterojunction‐mediated regenerative medicine via a site‐dependent ROS‐targeting strategy.
Targeting signaling pathways in neurodegenerative diseases: Quercetin's cellular and molecular mechanisms for neuroprotection
Authors: Islam Md. Rezaul , Al‐Imran Md. Ibrahim Khalil , Zehravi Mehrukh , Sweilam Sherouk Hussein , Mortuza Mohammad Rakib , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Shanmugarajan Thukani Sathanantham , Devi Kadirvel , Tummala Tanuja , Alshehri Mohammed Ali , Rajagopal Kalirajan , Asiri Mohammed , Ahmad Irfan , Emran Talha Bin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer‘s disease, Parkinson‘s disease, and Huntington‘s disease, are complex and challenging due to their intricate pathophysiology and limited treatment options.MethodsThis review systematically sourced articles related to neurodegenerative diseases, neurodegeneration, quercetin, and clinical studies from primary medical databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science.ResultsRecent studies have included quercetin to impact the cellular and molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration. Quercetin, a flavonoid abundant in vegetables and fruits, is gaining attention for its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. It regulates signaling pathways such as nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), sirtuins, and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt). These pathways are essential for cellular survival, inflammation regulation, and apoptosis. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that quercetin improves symptoms and pathology in neurodegenerative models, indicating promising outcomes.ConclusionsThe study explores the potential of incorporating laboratory research into practical medical treatment, focusing on quercetin‘s neuroprotective effects on NDs and its optimal dosage.
Robust Mechanically Interlocked Network Ionogels
Authors: Yang Mengling , Li Jinhao , Wang Chunyu , Yang Li , Fan Zhiwei , Wang Wenbin , Liu Guoquan , Cheng Lin , Qu Shaolei , Zhang Zhaoming , Zou Jiang , Yu Wei , Gu Guoying , Yan Xuzhou 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIonogels have attracted considerable attention as versatile materials due to their unique ionic conductivity and thermal stability. However, relatively weak mechanical performance of many existing ionogels has hindered their broader application. Herein, we develop robust, tough, and impact‐resistant mechanically interlocked network ionogels (IGMINs) by incorporating ion liquids with mechanical bonds that can dissipate energy while maintain structural stability. Profiting from the dynamic yet stable nature of the mechanically interlocked networks, IGMINs exhibit high tensile strength (9.6 MPa), fracture energy (39 kJ/m2), and toughness (25.9 MJ/m3), along with a high elongation rate (473 %) and excellent impact resistance and shape memory, resulting in overall performance that surpasses most reported ionogels. Furthermore, in the application of strain sensors for monitoring the gait of crawling robots, the toughness and robustness of IGMINs ensure their ability to consistently output stable electrical signals during the stretching and contraction processes, thereby highlighting their practical application potential. Our work provides a new research strategy for toughening ionogels and promotes the development of mechanically interlocked materials.
Tackling Fish Passage Problems: Conservation Implications of Fish Ascending Hypobaric Pressure Gradients in a Pipe
Authors: Jeremy Yoel , Martino Jasmin , Felder Stefan , Kingsford Richard T. , Suthers Iain M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTInstream barriers disrupt the connectivity of rivers worldwide, threatening fish communities by limiting access to essential habitats. Innovative conduit fishways, such as the siphon fishway with flow regulators, have potential for improving native fish passage in Australian rivers but necessitate fish to negotiate pressure reduction below ambient atmospheric pressure. We investigated the volitional passage of juvenile silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) against hypobaric pressure gradients to 1‐m (~91.5 kPa) and 2‐m (~81.8 kPa) elevations inside a pipe, with and without flow. Fish negotiated both elevations (~20% maximum pressure reduction relative to ambient atmospheric pressure) without adverse impacts, and the presence of flow resulted in faster passage across elevations. The probability for a proportion of the group of five fish passing within an hour ranged from 38% to 80% across four treatments, with a predicted 50% chance of passage of three out of five individuals occurring under 45 min for three treatment groups. A reliable comparison of passage performance between treatments, however, was complicated by the possible effect of fish conditioning. In demonstrating fish ability to negotiate hypobaric pressure gradients, we provided a foundation for using the siphon fishways as a cost‐effective fish passage for threatened native species. These findings present significant conservation opportunities for improving connectivity at sites affected by low head barriers globally.
Practice‐based educational and theatre research: A scoping review
Authors: Lewandowska Kamila , Bojnarowicz Mikołaj 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPractice‐based research (PBR) has emerged as a valuable alternative to traditional scientific methods by generating knowledge through practice and enhancing the relevance of research to practitioners. However, knowledge about PBR has largely been developed within disciplinary silos, leading to its limited cross‐disciplinary understanding. This paper addresses this gap by analysing 116 PBR studies in Educational Research and Theatre, two fields with very active but separately analysed PBR traditions. Our analysis produces a framework that categorises PBR into four distinct types based on key dimensions: the ‘Aim of research’ and the ‘Model of practice involvement’. The framework reveals discipline‐specific patterns, including divergent tendencies in how PBR is utilised across these fields: in Educational Research, PBR is often employed to improve professional practice, whereas in Theatre, it is central to exploring and theorising practice itself. The proposed framework holds potential for broader applicability across other fields, contributing to a more cohesive understanding of PBR as a versatile research strategy.
Photoinduced Chemiluminescence Determination of Prednisolone Using Lucigenin‐Cobalt 5,10,15,20‐Tetra(4‐Pyridyl)‐21H,23H‐Porphine System
Authors: Kazemi Sayed Yahya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSensitive and precise assay of prednisolone, a steroid hormone, has received great attention due to its significant role in the treatment of a series of diseases. In this study, we have developed a simple, quick, and accurate technique in this part to measure prednisolone. Cobalt 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4‐pyridyl)‐21H,23H‐porphine (CoTPyP) as a mimic peroxidase catalyzes the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of lucigenin for the first time. CoTPyP has a great impact on the CL signal. Furthermore, the CL system has been successfully used for the prednisolone flow‐injection test. The findings showed that the UV irradiation of prednisolone led to an unimolecular photochemical reaction that could enhance yield of high‐energy intermediate and cause higher CL emission. Under ideal experimental circumstances, CL intensity was shown to be proportionate to prednisolone concentration in the range of 0.1–170 μg mL−1 (r = 0.9925, n = 4). A detection limit of 0.072 μg mL−1 was observed. Compared with the HPLC approach, our proposed method provides a sensitive, fast, and efficient analysis of prednisolone in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids.