bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P110Neurodevelopmental outcome of children with intrauterine growth retardation and pathological antenatal color Doppler: a 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Huzjan R. , Mejaški‐Bošnjak V. , Gojmerac T. , Jugović D. , Grguric‐Koprčina B. , Tumbri J. , Polak‐Babić J. , Kalafatić D. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to determine the neuro‐developmental outcome of children with IUGR due to placental insufficiency diagnosed by Color Doppler during pregnancy.Patients and methods25 children who were diagnosed with IUGR were included. The intrauterine growth was evaluated by repeated US and Doppler examinations and the resistance indexes in umbilical and cerebral fetal blood vessels were registered. The C/U ratio lower than one was considered pathological, implying the phenomena of fetal circulation centralization and brain sparing effect. All children underwent protocol that included the evaluation of other perinatal risk factors and extensive neurological follow‐up with repeated brain US, electrophysiological tests, visual and hearing acuity testing, as well as developmental assessment.ResultsThe gestational age ranged from 30 + 6 to 41 gestational weeks. The follow‐up period ranged from 2 to 16 months. None of the children has severe disorder. Some children have signs of dystonic syndrome (6 cases) or global neuroedevelopmental delay (2 cases). The nonoptimal outcome was always connected to neonatal complications and pathological brain US finding (PV‐IVH or cortical brain atrophy). Further neurodevelopmental evaluation for assessment of higher cognitive functioning at later (even school age) age will be necessary.
Prenatal diagnosis P11Fetal scanning between 18 and 22 weeks is passé
Authors: Bronshtein M. 
Published: March 2003

Our study summarizes about 40000 early transvaginal examinations (14–16 weeks gestation). There were more than 1200 anomalous fetuses which demonstrated more than 1700 anomalies. We analysed the anomalies according to (1) early onset anomalies, (2) transient anomalies which disappeared toward the second trimester (nuchal findings, echogenic bowel, hypospadias., etc.), (3) anomalies which are much more easily detected in early pregnancy (vascular ring, rt. aortic arch, coarction, finger anomalies, kidney anomalies and others), (4) abnormalities which appear or manifest only in late pregnancy (lissencephalos, achondroplasia, etc.).ConclusionsThe percentage of late onset abnormalities is lower than for transient abnormalities. Therefore, performing only one examination by an expert will detect 97% of the detectable abnormalities in early pregnancy. Performing only one examination between 18 and 22 weeks will reveal a lower rate of the detectable anomalies. Most of the late onset anomalies appear later than the 22rd week of gestation. Therefore, the 18–22 week scan is passé and should give way to the 14–16 week TVS scanning in the search for fetal anomalies.
Fetal echocardiography P111Bradyarrythmia in the first trimester, a predictor of pregnancy loss
Authors: Vincze T. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundTo determine the prognostic of cardiac bradyarrythmia detected in the first trimester.MethodCases in which bradyarrythmia was detected by ultrasound between 8–11 weeks were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsBradyarrythmia was founded in five cases of 1292 examinations. One week later was not detected cardiac activity in three, and 2 weeks later in two cases.ConclusionThe report suggest that bradyarrythmia is a poor prognosis in early pregnancy and associated with pregnancy loss
P122Fetus with partial hyperechoic cardiac walls
Authors: Duyos J. A. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveTo present a rare case of a fetus with very echogenic cardiac atrial walls, but with normal density in the rest of the heart, perhaps due to a viral infection.Case reportThe first ultrasound examination at 17 weeks was normal, but in the next exam at 24 weeks we detected that the fetal cardiac atrial walls were very echogenic. However, the density of the atrioventricular valves and the ventricular cardiac walls were normal. The morphology of the heart was also normal. There was also an important amount of ascites. Doppler study of the atrioventricular valves was normal. Later examinations were similar but the quantity of ascites gradually decreased. At 34 weeks, the patient had a premature rupture of the membranes and a healthy infant was born. The ascites had disappeared and the baby's outcome was normal.DiscussionTo prevent misdiagnosis of the density of the cardiac walls, we made exams of different fetal positions, but hyperechoic atrial walls were always seen. After consulting a neonatal cardiologist, we concluded that the cause of this alteration may have been a viral infection, which could have produced partial density alteration of the cardiac walls. The hyperechoic atrium may cause poor contractability and produce ascites.ConclusionsDespite the impressive aspect of the hyperechoic atrial cardiac walls and an important ascites, the infant's outcome was normal.
P138A case of bilateral mature cystic teratoma with calcified elements in an old age postmenopausal woman
Authors: Kavak Z. N. , Başgül A. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundDermoid cysts are interesting tumours in which all body tissues may be represented. Neither presence of calcified elements, nor postmenopausal age, nor bilaterality are usual for them. We present here, a case of postmenopausal woman in whom bilateral dermoid cysts were found with calcified elements. Ultrasonographic features, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and treatment modalities of this rare case are presented and discussed.Case70‐year‐old woman gravida 0 para 0 was referred to our Department complaining of postmenopausal bleeding for the last two months. She was postmenopausal for the last 27 years during which she had never been treated with estrogen replacement therapy. On a gynaecologic examination, bilateral adnexal mass found. Ultrasonographic scanning demonstrated a normal sized anteverted uterus with an endometrial thickness of 4 mm with an hypoechoic ring around it. Transverse ultrasonogram showed bilateral adnexal highly reflective echogenic well circumscribed mass with solid and cystic components. Endometrial biopsy showed granulomatous endometritis. At surgery, a bilateral ovarian tumour measuring 4 × 5 cm in diameter was seen. A pathologic examination confirmed bilateral dermoid cysts with no malignant component. Peritoneal washing was also negative. Total abdominal histerectomy with bilateral salphingooopherectomy was performed. On discharging from Hospital, estrogen replacement therapy was given.
P146Early detection of ectopic pregnancy with ultrasound
Authors: Simic M. , Kopjar M. , Viskovic T. , Zadro M. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveTo determine if the typical appearance of endometrium for late proliferative phase and early secretary phase could be used as a patognomonic sign for early detection of ectopic pregnancy in combination with other patognomonic signs for ectopic pregnancy.MethodsOver a period of four 76 patients were admitted at our department as a result of suspicion of ectopic pregnancy.ResultsIn three patients out of those 76 at the time of admission ectopic pregnancy was not visible neither on ultrasound nor on laparoscopy. One of them was a cervical pregnancy, and two others were cornual pregnancies. Sixty‐six patients have had tubar abortions, including two pregnancies with live embryo in the tube.ConclusionTypical late endometrial look for late proliferative phase and early secretary phase can be used as a patognomonic ultrasound finding for ectopic pregnancy especially in combination with other patognomonic ultrasound findings and in combination with serum progesterone measurement.
P153Cerebral venous thrombosis and pregnancy: image diagnosis
Authors: Lagos N. , García C. , Castillo G. , Luengo N. , Hoffmann I. , Ortega P. , Astorga  , Ferres I. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThrombotic conditions are common complications during pregnancy.Cerebral venous thrombosis is also more frecuent in pregnant patients, with a prevalence of 4.5 per 1000 obstetric admissions. We present 3 cases that were managed in our unit.Patient 138‐year‐old, epileptic, 10 week pregnant. She had occipital, pulsatil headache plus blurred vision. A Magnetic Nuclear Resonance (MNR) showed lack of flow, in the right transverse sinus, and yugular gulf.Patient 232‐year‐old, with an haemolytic anemia and an occipital meningioma. She had a 34‐weeks pregnancy and was admitted because of edema of the lower extremities.She has paresthesies and hypoesthesia of the right leg, which progresed to anesthesia. MNR showed her occipital tumor, measuring 10 × 12 mm, and thrombosis of the right transverse and lower sagital sinus.Patient 330‐year‐old, 10 weeks pregnant, admitted because of a headache that did not respond to common analgesics. MNR informed thrombosis of the left transverse sinus, and the yugular gulf.All 3 patients were treated with low molecular weight heparin.ConclusionsThe majority of cases of cerebral venous thrombosis involve the high sagital sinus. In the pregnant patient study by images is recommendable and the test of choise is MNR, which has a sensibility of 90%. Recommended treatment is anticoagulant therapy.
P159Three‐dimensional ultrasound reconstruction and telemedicine. Image analysis
Authors: Ferrer‐Roca O. , Troyano J. M. , Vilarchao‐Cavia J. , Clavijo M. T. , Marco O. Y. , Feo C. M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundIn the present study the 3D US images reconstruction is combined with the distant consultation through internet or through an ISDN line.MethodTrial consists of explorations done during 1999/2000 in our US unit at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department. The equipment is integrated by: a standard Aloka‐SSD 680 ultrasound device, a Dual Pentium II workstation with 256 Mb RAM memory and Windows NT operative system, a falcon framegrabber board, and the TeleInvivo 3D reconstruction and teleconsultation software by MEDCOM.Echograph images are acquired by the workstation through a falcon digitising board, and the TeleInVivo software generates a 3D volume. These volumes can be sent to a remote host via internet or via an ISDN line, allowing an on‐line teleconsultation and telediagnosis.ResultsDuring the trial we made 149 teleconsultations of different pathologies. 3d reconstruction was time consuming (20 min to 4 h) and of a limited diagnostic value, but of future relevance to reduce patient multiple explorations due image constraints such as sub optimal foetal position among others. The final volumes are sent wavelet lossless compressed through internet or an ISDN line, and for a normal size of 1.5 MB the time consuming is from 4 to 8 min to be transmitted.ConclusionThe use of internet or an ISDN line is a fast method for sending and consulting 3D ultrasound images, and it is possible due to the selected volume rendering techniques that provide an effective compression of the original data.
P17At what gestational age can the corpus callosum and cavum septi pellucidi be regularly seen at routine obstetrical ultrasound examination?
Authors: Toi A. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundAgenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is reported to be difficult to detect before 22 weeks gestation. However, the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) develops with the CC and is seen by 15–16 weeks. Thus, ACC should be detectable by 16 weeks.PurposeTo determine at what gestational age the cavum septi pellucidi and corpus callosum become regularly visible and hence ACC can be suspected if they are not visible.MethodsFifty consecutive women referred for US for all indications between 25 June and 9 July 1999 were scanned trans‐abdominally with specific attempt to see the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) and the corpus callosum.ResultsBPD ranged from 32 (15.6 week) to 81 mm (33.1 week). The CSP was visible in every fetus starting at BPD 34 mm (16.2 week). On mid sagittal views the CC was also visible starting at BPD 34 mm (16.2 week) in all but 3 fetuses due to fetal position. The CC was seen well enough to confidently measure its length in 27/49 (55%).ConclusionsAt routine examination, the CSP was detectable by 16.2 week (BPD 34 mm) gestation and in every pregnancy after this age. Using only trans‐abdominal scans, the CC was visible on sagittal views by exploiting access provided by sutures and fontanelles. Detection of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum should be possible by 16 weeks gestation.
P31Structural reorganization of the brain after perinatal damage – US/MRI review
Authors: Gojmerac T. , Mejaški‐Bošnjak V. , Polak‐Babić J. , Radoš M. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to estimate structural reorganization of the brain after perinatal brain damage, diagnosed by ultrasonography (US) in the neonatal period, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsA follow up study was carried out on a cohort of 28 perinatal risk children who were ultrasonographicaly followed during the first 2 years of life. 22 children, who had intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH I and II), were in the investigation group and the other 6, who had continuous normal us findings, were in the control group. Follow up included high resolution 2T magnetic resonance imaging of the brain at 13–16 years.

Results

MRI

normal
PV1
CA2
ML3

cases (n = 22)
US
IVH I (n = 12)
9
0
2
1

IVH II (n = 10)
4
3
1
2

controls (n = 6)

4
2
0
0

PV = periventricular tracks of haemorrhage;

CA = cortical atrophy;

ML = multiple lesions

ConclusionAbnormal MRI scans are more frequently in the cases with IVH II, than in the cases with IVH I. We can conclude that structural reorganization of the brain can repair majority of mild perinatal intraventricular haemorrhage.
P04Pre‐abortion ultrasonography
Authors: Balić A. , Balić D. , Balić B. , Berbić S. , Zukić I. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to audit prospectively the value of pre‐abortion ultrasonography.MethodsAll women who came in our Centre because of doubt unplanned pregancy in first trimester from March 1994 to March 1996 were underwent an exam by vaginal ultrasound before abortion. We analysed these data and compared them with complications after legal induced abortion.ResultsDuring two years a total of 334 women were surveyed. Twenty‐seven women (8.08%) were not being pregnant. In thirty‐three cases (10.75%) the pregnancy was greater for two weeks than we expected on the basis of last menstrual period. Also we founded: 21 (6.84%) myoma uteri, 5 (1.62%) ovarian cysts, 5 (1.62%) multiple pregnancy, 4 (1.3%) anomaly of the uterus, 1 (0.32%) blighted ovum and 1 (0.32%) nuchal translucency greater than 5 mm.ConclusionPre‐abortion ultrasonography increases security of this intervention by elimination some problems about induced abortion. Since the elimination is simple, fast and cheap we recommended it for routine use. We hope that is one of the way for decreasing of late complications after abortion like as infertility.
P54A case of Gollop Wolfgang complex: prenatal diagnosis and pregnancy termination
Authors: Tekin B. , Hassa H. , Şener T. , Şenses T. 
Published: March 2003

ObjectiveTo report a prenatal diagnosis of Gollop Wolfgang complex.Case historyThis is a pregnant women of 29 years of age, G:2 P:1 Ab:0 with 23 weeks of gestation, has not any history of drug use nor infection during pregnancy. Her husband 29 years of age, has not any family history of anomaly nor medical illness of skeletal deformity as his wife. Ultrasound examination of this pregnancy at 16 weeks gestation showed pes equinovarus deformity and an absence of distal bone of right extremity. The family was informed about the problem. At the meantime ethical permission was obtained for termination of this pregnancy. At 23th weeks, after having family's consent for termination of pregnancy, careful ultrasound examination of the fetus was carried out; double distal femoral epiphysis with ipsilateral deficiency of distal bone (tibia or fibula) and pes equinovarus of the right lower extremity were diagnosed. After cervical priming and induction of labor, female fetus with 1‐1‐1 Apgar scoring at 1st, 5th and 10th minute was born. There was also hypoplastic right knee joint with bony prominence and flexion contracture at the right leg. X‐rays of whole body were taken. There was also some other deformities and absence of some small bones.ConclusionThis is the first case of prenatal diagnosis of Wolfgang Complex. We showed the importance of a careful ultrasound examination of fetus in the first and second trimesters for the diagnosis of fetal malformation.
P06Isolated hyperechogenic foci in the fetal thalamus in early pregnancy
Authors: Bronshtein M. , Zimmer E. Z. , Auslander R. O. N. , Blazer S. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to describe the monographic features and outcome of fetuses with isolated hyperechogenic foci in the thalamic region.MethodA detailed monographic survey was performed in 46244 consecutive pregnancies. Both low and high‐risk pregnancies were included. Transvaginal examinations were performed at 14–16 weeks' gestation, while transabdominal examinations were performed after 18 weeks' gestation.ResultsIsolated hyperechogenic foci in the thalamic region were observed in 7 fetuses. All cases were diagnosed at 14–16 weeks' gestation. Six fetuses had one hyperechogenic focus, and one fetus had two foci. The size of these foci ranged from 2 to 4 mm. A serologic work‐up was negative in all these fetuses and their karyotype was normal. The hyperechogenic foci disappeared in mid‐pregnancy in all cases, and fetuses were normal at delivery and on follow‐up up to the age of 9 years.ConclusionIsolated hyperechogenic foci in the thalamic region in the early pregnancy have probably a benign nature.
P61The possible impact of storing fetal samples collected during prenatal invasive procedures: case report
Authors: Pedreira D. A. L. , Yamasaki A. , Chauffaille M. L. , Muller R. , Cha S. C. 
Published: March 2003

MGB, 34 years‐old, primigravida, conceived after IVF (still has 08 frozen embryos). At 21 weeks + 2 days the anomaly scan showed mild dilatation of fetal cerebral ventricles and a multicystic right kidney with mild nasal bone hypoplasia. Fetal growth was considered normal (20 weeks + 3 days based on biometry). Karyotipe obtained at 23 weeks showed a normal male (46, XY). By that time ventricular dilatation had increased but head circumference was normal for gestational age. Delivery occurred at 24 weeks. Postnatal examination showed smooth brain, ventricular dilatation, agenesis of corpus calosus and cystic dysplasia of right kidney. Lisencephaly was suspected and fish test targeting microdeletion of chromosome 17 was performed in the frozen cells obtained at amniocentesis, which showed negative results. Parents were counselled with the maximum risk of recurrence of an autosomal recessive disease for the next pregnancy.DiscussionThe recent advances in the genetics field will soon offer us the possibility of diagnosing an increasing number of diseases that can have an impact in counselling. If we could diagnose de Mieller–Dieker syndrome in this fetus we could have changed the empirical risk of 25% recurrence in counselling for a future pregnancy. This is because, if none of the parents was found to be a carrier of the microdeletion, we could postulate that this was a ‘de novo’ mutation (happens in 80% of the cases) and the risk for the next pregnancy should be negligible.
P79Maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler velocimetry in type 1 diabetes during pregnancy
Authors: Kanenishi K. , Yamashiro C. , Tanaka H. , Kuno A. , Yanagihara T. , Hata T. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundOur purpose was to evaluate whether maternal ophthalmic artery pulsatility index (PI) in normotensive pregnancies with type 1 diabetes is different from that in normal normotensive pregnancies.MethodThe ophthalmic artery in 15 normal normotensive pregnant women, and 13 normotensive pregnant women with type 1 diabetes was studied once with colour Doppler flow imaging and pulsed Doppler ultrasonography after 16 weeks gestation. The heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and ophthalmic artery PI were calculated in each group.ResultsThe PI (1.94 ± 0.45) in normotensive pregnant women with type 1 diabetes was significantly lower than that (2.73 ± 0.32) in normal normotensive pregnant women (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in maternal heart rate or mean arterial blood pressure between the two groups.ConclusionThese results suggest that vascular resistance in the maternal orbital circulation is reduced in pregnancies with type 1 diabetes that are normotensive. The lower PI in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes should be interpreted as orbital vascular vasodilatation, indicating orbital hyperperfusion or hyperaemia.
P80Combined assessment of the fetal distress in diabetic pregnancy class R/F using uterine, middle cerebral, umbilical artery blood flow and fetal heart rate monitoring
Authors: Pietryga M. , Wender‐Ozegowska E. , Biegańska E. , Brzert J. , Biczysko R. 
Published: March 2003

BackgroundPregnacies complicated by diabetes mellitus cl.R/F are in higher risk of placentae insufficiency and poor perinatal outcome.MethodsWe have investigated 15 diabetic pregnant women of class R/F after 26 weeks of pregnancy. We observed waveform ‘notch’ in ascending uterine artery. Fetal distress was diagnosed when, in the nst silent oscilation or late decelarations appeared. Pathological blood flow in term pregnancy was diagnosed when RI and PI was abnormal and cerebro‐placental ratio was above 1. AEDF and REDF were assessed as fetal distress. Newborns were estimated by Apgar score and pH value of umbilical artery. The mean diurnal glycemia ranged 110 mg/dl, and the HbA1c 6.2%, 8.0%.ResultsPathological condition acc. to the AS and pH A.umb. manifested 75% newborns, but acc. only to pH A.umb.values 15% of them. Positive predictive value of NST in fetal distress detection was 66%, of the DV 53%, uterine artery ‘notch’ 66% when neonates condition was analysed by using AS and pH. The highest (80%) PPV was achieved all methods. False positive results in NST analysis were found in 19.8% of cases. False negative results was for methods together in 6.6%. When the neonates condition was analysed only by using pH A.umb.value, the PPV for NST was 66%, for DV 73%, for ‘notch’ 73% and for all methods together 86%. False positive results for all methods NST, DV, ‘notch’: and for all methods tohether, achieved the following values: 26%, 19.8%, 19.8% and 26%. False negative result in all methods was 6.6%.ConclusinsBlood flow measurements in fetal and maternal circulatory circles combined with FHR monitoring reaches very high prognostic values in detection of the fetal distress.