bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyper-IgE Syndrome in an 11 Year Old Female Presenting with Acneiform Rash
Authors: Byrne Berbie , Hefferon Tom , Harrington Rob , Leahy Marion , Murphy Annette 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hyper-IgE (HIES) is a rare, primary immunodeficiency characterised by eczema, recurrent staphylococcal infections, pneumonia, increased serum IgE and eosinophilia. We present the case of an 11-year-old girl presenting to dermatology with an acneiform facial rash and associated bacterial lymphadenitis. History was significant for otitis media, primary tooth retention, low impact wrist fracture, infantile acne and an absence of eczema or pneumonia. Investigations demonstrated mildly elevated IgE, normal eosinophils but positivity for a STAT3 gene mutation—thus representing a case of HIES presenting as an acneiform facial rash with absence of other primary immunological features.
Synthesis, characteristics, adsorption and catalytic behavior of NiO‐ZnO‐ CdO/reduced graphene oxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Lashanizadegan Maryam , Bedoreh Zahra , Mousavi Fatemeh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe nanocomposites NiO‐ZnO‐CdO/reduced graphene oxide (N‐Z‐C/rGO) were prepared using the reflux method. These nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques, including infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), induced coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The application of the synthesized nanocomposites was investigated in two fields: the removal of azo dyes and the oxidation of certain organic compounds. To explore the use of this compound as an adsorbent, the removal of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes was studied. Under optimal conditions, the adsorbent absorbed MB with 98 % efficiency in 15 minutes and RhB with 96 % efficiency in 30 minutes. In the second part of the study, the performance of the nanocomposite in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol and styrene was examined. Optimal conditions for oxidizing benzyl alcohol used tert‐butyl hydroperoxide(TBHP) and acetonitrile, achieving 83 % efficiency and 92 % selectivity for benzoic acid in 6 hours. α‐methyl styrene oxidation used chloroform and TBHP, reaching 97 % efficiency and 90 % selectivity for acetophenone in 4 hours.
Microwave Synthesized Hydrophilic 4‐Oxo‐2‐phenylquinazoline‐3(4H)–carboximidamide and –Carboxamide as Privileged Small Molecule Scaffolds with Anti‐HIV‐1 Activities
Authors: Das Ranjan Kumar , Singh Aradhana , Sharma Debdulal , Rai Madhu , Paul Subrata , Gaur Ritu , Sengupta Devashish 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOpportunistic infections like tuberculosis (TB) are prevalent in HIV‐infected individuals. In an approach to introducing an industrial‐scale microwave‐assisted production of agents having both antiviral and antibacterial properties, a set of hydrophilic 2,3‐substituted quinazolinones, 4‐oxo‐2‐phenylquinazoline‐3(4H)‐carboximidamide (Qg) and 4‐oxo‐2‐phenylquinazoline‐3(4H)‐carboxamide (Qu), were afforded in encouraging yields. They were obtained by treating 2‐benzamidobenzoyl chloride with guanidine hydrochloride or urea in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMF. DFT calculations were employed for geometrical optimization and vibrational frequency analysis of the compounds. Free energies of solvation (ΔGsol) of Qg, and Qu calculated using DFT lend evidence in support of their hydrophilicity The anti‐HIV‐1 activities of the small‐molecule quinazolinone derivatives Qg and Qu were investigated. The synthons under in vitro conditions inhibit the entry of HIV in receptor cells with low cytotoxicity (EC50=50.53 nM for Qu and EC50=97.92 nM for Qg). The study identifies the antiviral properties of the two benzo‐fused pyrimidine derivatives, which were earlier reported to have antitubercular activity. Our findings indicate the scope for further synthetic explorations of these quinazolinone scaffolds that can lead to developing promising alternatives in drug design, pharmaceutics, and clinical research.
Rapid and Accurate Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Using Label‐Free Electrical Impedance‐Based Microfluidic Platform
Authors: Chen Jiahong , Zhong Jianwei , Chang Yifu , Zhou Yinning , Koo Seok Hwee , Tan Thean Yen , Lei Hongtao , Ai Ye 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance has become a serious threat to the global public health. Accurate and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) allows evidence‐based prescribing of antibiotics to improve patient care and clinical outcomes. Current culture‐based AST assays are inherently limited by the doubling time of bacterial reproduction, which require at least 24 h to have a decisive result. Herein, a label‐free electrical impedance‐based microfluidic platform designed to expedite and streamline AST procedure for clinical practice is presented. Following a 30‐min exposure of bacterial samples to antibiotics, the presented high‐throughput, single‐bacterium level impedance characterization platform enables a rapid 2‐min AST assay. The platform facilitates accurate analysis of individual bacterial viability, as indicated by changes in electrical characteristics, thereby enabling the determination of antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, the potential clinical applicability of this platform is demonstrated by testing different E. coli strains against five antibiotics, yielding 100% categorical agreements compared to standard culture methods.
Sustainable development and conservation of agro‐waste coconut shell powder strengthen lightweight aluminum bio‐composite for user friendly
Authors: Kubendiran Murugan , Karthikeyan Natarajan , Kannan Chidambaram Ramesh , Manivannan Subramanian , Venkatesh Rathinavelu , Naveen Subbaiyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sustainable growth of advanced material in metal matrix composites receiving the eco‐friendly hazard‐free composite via recycling waste agro products attains low fabrication cost. The prime goal of this investigation is to develop and strengthen the lightweight aluminum alloy (Al7075) composite through the conservations of 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% agro‐waste coconut shell using squeeze cast technology. The developed aluminum alloy bio‐composites are promising the best option for replacing conventional metals in several engineering applications like automotive, structural, aerospace, and others. The synthesized Al7075 alloy bio‐composites are studied its physic‐mechanical behavior tag with ASTM standards. The density results revealed nominal improvement, and its mechanical properties of hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and elastic modulus increased significantly. Sample 4 composite contained 15 wt% coconut shell powder found 2.82 ± 0.17 g/cc density with 0.716% porosity level enhanced the hardness, Ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus of 79 ± 1.1Hv, 238 ± 1.1 MPa and 77.89 ± 2.01 GPa, respectively.
The impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland carbon cycle: A review
Authors: Gaffney Paul P. J. , Tang Qiuhong , Li Quanwen , Zhang Ruiyang , Pan Junxiao , Xu Ximeng , Li Yuan , Niu Shuli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Zoige peatlands are the largest peatland area in China, and the largest high‐altitude peatland in the world. As with many peatlands worldwide, degradation from land management and climate change mean that the intact Zoige peatland area has decreased, potentially reducing the carbon (C) sink function and ecosystem services. This review summarizes current knowledge of the impacts of land‐use and climate change on the Zoige peatland C cycle in a global perspective and identifies future research and management directions. The existing literature suggests that artificial drainage carried out to lower water tables and improve grazing has a significant impact on the peatland C cycle. Drained and degraded areas may act as a net C source, through increased CO2 emissions, although the overall C balance of the Zoige peatlands is likely still a net C sink. Future climate change may also impact upon the peatland C cycle. Warming of 2°C may significantly reduce the strength of the C sink of intact peatland areas, which may shift the overall Zoige peatland C cycle balance to a net C source. The effect of warming on degraded Zoige peatlands is a major uncertainty, although the global literature suggests warming effects may be greater in degraded peatlands. Restoration of degraded peatlands (by blocking drains) may help reverse some of the impacts of degradation and gradually recover C sink function. However, there are fewer studies in Zoige peatlands than elsewhere. We conclude with several specific suggestions for future research on the peatland C cycle.This article is categorized under:
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Observed Impacts of Climate Change
Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Observed Ecological Changes
Biogenic polymer nanoparticles to remove hydrophobic organic contaminants from water
Authors: Kathalingam Adaikalam , Santhoshkumar Palanisamy , Ramesh Sivalingam , Sivanesan Iyyakkannu , Kim Hyun‐Seok 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSoil and water pollution is of significant concern worldwide because of the consequences of environmental degradation and harmful effects on human health. Water bodies are very much polluted by various organic and inorganic pollutants by different human activities, including industrial wastes. Environmental pollution remains high because of urbanization‐induced industrial developments and human lifestyle. It accumulates pollutants in the environment including plants and living organisms. Even mothers' milk is poisoned because of the uncontrolled, widespread increase in pollution. The discharge levels of organic hydrophobic contaminants in the water and soil are increasing rapidly. This severe pollution must be remediated to upgrade the environment and ensure the safety of human beings. It is vital to eradicate soil and water pollution to guarantee sufficient food and water. Different techniques available to remove the pollutants vary according to the type of pollutants. Hydrophobic contaminants are more dangerous than heavy metals and other pollutants; they cannot be easily removed, requiring special care. Hydrophobic organoxenobiotics released in the environment pose severe contamination in soil and water. Therefore, developing efficient and cost‐effective processes is necessary to remove hydrophobic contaminants from soil and water. With nanoparticle‐mediated remediation techniques, the green‐synthesized nanoparticles exhibit improved performance. This review consolidates reports on the remediation techniques of hydrophobic contaminants, focusing on green‐synthesized remediation agents. The very limited works on green synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles, particularly polyurethane‐based materials for organic contaminants removal demand more attention in this area.Practitioner Points

Consolidated the effects of hydrophobic organic and plastic contaminants on environment degradation.
Summarized the advantages of green synthesized polymer nanoparticles for efficient removal of hydrophobic contaminants.
Discussed the different sources of pollution and remediation techniques referring 112 research works.
On-shell operator construction in the effective field theory of gravity
Authors: Li Hao-Lin , Ren Zhe , Xiao Ming-Lei , Yu Jiang-Hao , Zheng Yu-Hui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We construct the on-shell amplitude basis and the corresponding effective operators for generic modified gravity theory, such as pure gravity with higher derivatives, scalar-tensor gravity, Einstein-Yang-Mills, etc. Taking the Weyl tensor as the building block, we utilize the Young tensor technique to obtain independent operators, without equation of motion and total derivative redundancies. We update our algorithm and vastly increase the speed for finding the monomial basis (m-basis) of effective operators expressed in terms of Weyl tensors with Lorentz indices, the familiar form for the General Relativity community. Finally, we obtain the complete and independent amplitude and operator basis for GRSMEFT and GRLEFT up to mass dimension 10.
Comparing nanobody and aptamer-based capacitive sensing for detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6) at physiologically relevant levels
Authors: Sánchez-Salcedo Raquel , Miranda-Castro Rebeca , de-los-Santos-Álvarez Noemí , Lobo-Castañón María Jesús , Corrigan Damion K. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA major societal challenge is the development of the necessary tools for early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and sepsis. Consequently, there is a concerted push to develop low-cost and non-invasive methods of analysis with high sensitivity and selectivity. A notable trend is the development of highly sensitive methods that are not only amenable for point-of-care (POC) testing, but also for wearable devices allowing continuous monitoring of biomarkers. In this context, a non-invasive test for the detection of a promising biomarker, the protein Interleukin-6 (IL-6), could represent a significant advance in the clinical management of cancer, in monitoring the chemotherapy response, or for prompt diagnosis of sepsis. This work reports a capacitive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy sensing platform tailored towards POC detection and treatment monitoring in human serum. The specific recognition of IL-6 was achieved employing gold surfaces modified with an anti-IL6 nanobody (anti-IL-6 VHH) or a specific IL-6 aptamer. In the first system, the anti-IL-6 VHH was covalently attached to the gold surface using a binary self-assembled-monolayer (SAM) of 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid. In the second system, the aptamer was chemisorbed onto the surface in a mixed SAM layer with MCH. The analytical performance for each label-free sensor was evaluated in buffer and 10% human serum samples and then compared. The results of this work were generated using a low-cost, thin film eight-channel gold sensor array produced on a flexible substrate providing useful information on the future design of POC and wearable impedance biomarker detection platforms.
Optimal Control of Nonlocal Continuity Equations: Numerical Solution
Authors: Chertovskih Roman , Pogodaev Nikolay , Staritsyn Maxim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe paper addresses an optimal ensemble control problem for nonlocal continuity equations on the space of probability measures. We admit the general nonlinear cost functional, and an option to directly control the nonlocal terms of the driving vector field. For this problem, we design a descent method based on Pontryagin’s maximum principle (PMP). To this end, we derive a new form of PMP with a decoupled Hamiltonian system. Specifically, we extract the adjoint system of linear nonlocal balance laws on the space of signed measures and prove its well-posedness. As an implementation of the designed descent method, we propose an indirect deterministic numeric algorithm with backtracking. We prove the convergence of the algorithm and illustrate its modus operandi by treating a simple case involving a Kuramoto-type model of a population of interacting oscillators.
An intramolecular disulphide bond in human 4E-T affects its binding to eIF4E1a protein
Authors: Zuberek Joanna , Warzecha Marek , Dobrowolski Mateusz , Modrak-Wojcik Anna 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe cap at the 5’terminus of mRNA is a key determinant of gene expression in eukaryotic cells, which among others is required for cap dependent translation and protects mRNA from degradation. These properties of cap are mediated by several proteins. One of them is 4E-Transporter (4E-T), which plays an important role in translational repression, mRNA decay and P-bodies formation. 4E-T is also one of several proteins that interact with eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), a cap binding protein which is a key component of the translation initiation machinery. The molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions of these two proteins are crucial for mRNA processing. Studying the interactions between human eIF4E1a and the N-terminal fragment of 4E-T that possesses unstructured 4E-binding motifs under non-reducing conditions, we observed that 4E-T preferentially forms an intramolecular disulphide bond. This “disulphide loop” reduces affinity of 4E-T for eIF4E1a by about 300-fold. Considering that only human 4E-T possesses two cysteines located between the 4E binding motifs, we proposed that the disulphide bond may act as a switch to regulate interactions between the two proteins.
Graphical Abstract
Machine learning based on radiomics features combing B-mode transrectal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to improve peripheral zone prostate cancer detection
Authors: Sun Ya , Fang Jingyang , Shi Yanping , Li Huarong , Wang Jiajun , Xu Jingxu , Zhang Bao , Liang Lei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To construct machine learning models based on radiomics features combing conventional transrectal ultrasound (B-mode) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to improve prostate cancer (PCa) detection in peripheral zone (PZ).

Methods
A prospective study of 166 men (72 benign, 94 malignant lesions) with targeted biopsy-confirmed pathology who underwent B-mode and CEUS examinations was performed. Risk factors, including age, serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), f/t PSA, prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), were collected. Time-intensity curves were obtained using SonoLiver software for all lesions in regions of interest. Four parameters were collected as risk factors: the maximum intensity (IMAX), rise time (RT), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT). Radiomics features were extracted from the target lesions from B-mode and CEUS imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to construct the model.

Results
A total of 3306 features were extracted from seven categories. Finally, 32 features were screened out from radiomics models. Five models were developed to predict PCa: the B-mode radiomics model (B model), CEUS radiomics model (CEUS model), B-CEUS combined radiomics model (B-CEUS model), risk factors model, and risk factors-radiomics combined model (combined model). Age, PSAD, tPSA, and RT were significant independent predictors in discriminating benign and malignant PZ lesions (P < 0.05). The risk factors model combing these four predictors showed better discrimination in the validation cohort (area under the curve [AUC], 0.84) than the radiomics images (AUC, 0.79 on B model; AUC, 0.78 on CEUS model; AUC, 0.83 on B-CEUS model), and the combined model (AUC: 0.89) achieved the greatest predictive efficacy.

Conclusion
The prediction model including B-mode and CEUS radiomics signatures and risk factors represents a promising diagnostic tool for PCa detection in PZ, which may contribute to clinical decision-making.
An optimized protocol for the generation and monitoring of conditional orthotopic lung cancer in the KP mouse model using an adeno-associated virus vector compatible with biosafety level 1
Authors: Deng Haibin , Ge Huixiang , Dubey Christelle , Losmanova Tereza , Medová Michaela , Konstantinidou Georgia , Mutlu Seyran Mathilde , Birrer Fabienne Esther , Brodie Tess Melinda , Stroka Deborah , Wang Wenxiang , Peng Ren-Wang , Dorn Patrick , Marti Thomas Michael 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The inducible Kras/p53 lung adenocarcinoma mouse model, which faithfully recapitulates human disease, is routinely initiated by the intratracheal instillation of a virus-based Cre recombinase delivery system. Handling virus-based delivery systems requires elevated biosafety levels, e.g., biosafety level 2 (BSL-2). However, in experimental animal research facilities, following exposure to viral vectors in a BSL-2 environment, rodents may not be reclassified to BSL-1 according to standard practice, preventing access to small animal micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanners that are typically housed in general access areas such as BSL-1 rooms. Therefore, our goal was to adapt the protocol so that the Cre-induced KP mouse model could be handled under BSL-1 conditions during the entire procedure.

Results
The Kras-Lox-STOP-Lox-G12D/p53 flox/flox (KP)-based lung adenocarcinoma mouse model was activated by intratracheal instillation of either an adenoviral-based or a gutless, adeno-associated viral-based Cre delivery system. Tumor growth was monitored over time by micro-CT. We have successfully substituted the virus-based Cre delivery system with a commercially available, gutless, adeno-associated, Cre-expressing vector that allows the KP mouse model to be handled and imaged in a BSL-1 facility. By optimizing the anesthesia protocol and switching to a microscope-guided vector instillation procedure, productivity was increased and procedure-related complications were significantly reduced. In addition, repeated micro-CT analysis of individual animals allowed us to monitor tumor growth longitudinally, dramatically reducing the number of animals required per experiment. Finally, we documented the evolution of tumor volume for different doses, which revealed that individual tumor nodules induced by low-titer AAV-Cre transductions can be monitored over time by micro-CT.

Conclusion
Modifications to the anesthesia and instillation protocols increased the productivity of the original KP protocol. In addition, the switch to a gutless, adeno-associated, Cre-expressing vector allowed longitudinal monitoring of tumor growth under BSL-1 conditions, significantly reducing the number of animals required for an experiment, in line with the 3R principles.
The Efficacy and Safety of Tirofiban Use in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Intravenous Thrombolysis Applicable Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke—a Post Hoc Analysis from the Direct-MT Trial
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Zhang Ping , Tao Anyang , Wang Xinliang , Ying Jiangxian , Wang Zhimin , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Yongwei , Zhang Lei , Li Zifu , Zhang Meng , Xu Chenghua , Liu Jianmin ,   on behalf of The Direct-MT Investigators
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban use in endovascular thrombectomy for intravenous thrombolysis applicable patients of large vessel occlusion stroke with data from Direct-MT trial.

Materials and Methods
Direct-MT was the first randomized controlled trial to prove the non-inferiority of thrombectomy alone to bridging therapy (intravenous thrombolysis before thrombectomy) for large vessel occlusion stroke. Patients who underwent endovascular procedure were included and divided into thrombectomy-alone group and bridging therapy group. The effect of tirofiban use on 90 days MRS distribution, MRS 0–2 and mortality, successful reperfusion, the ASPECTS and outcome lesion volume of index stroke, re-occlusion of the treated vessel, futile recanalization and safety outcomes were further evaluated in both groups after adjustment for relevant confounding factors. The interaction between tirofiban and rt-PA was also assessed.

Results
Of 639 patients included in this analysis, 180 patients underwent thrombectomy with tirofiban use (28.2%). Patients with tirofiban use had lower percentage of bridging therapy (41.1% vs 54.3%, P = 0.003), higher proportion of large artery atherosclerosis (P < 0.001) and more emergent stenting (30.56% vs 6.97%, P < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, the 90-day modified Rankin Scale distribution, successful final recanalization rate, outcome lesion volume of index stroke on CT and intracranial hemorrhage risk showed no difference after tirofiban use in thrombectomy-alone group and in bridging therapy group. No interaction effect between tirofiban and rt-PA was detected.

Conclusion
Based on data from Direct-MT trial, tirofiban is a safe medication for intravenous thrombolysis applicable patients with large vessel occlusion stroke undergoing thrombectomy.

Level of Evidence
Level 3, cohort study of randomized trial.