bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Energy-Efficient Reversible Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata 8:1 Multiplexer Circuit
Authors: Alharbi Mohammed , Edwards Gerard , Stocker Richard 
Published: October 2023

Energy efficiency considerations in terms of reduced power dissipation is a significant issue in the design of digital circuits for very large-scale integration (VLSI) systems. Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an emerging ultra-low power dissipation approach, distinct from the traditional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, for building digital computing circuits. Developing fully reversible QCA circuits has the potential to significantly reduce energy dissipation. The multiplexer is a fundamental element in the construction of useful digital circuits. In this paper, a novel, multilayer, fully reversible QCA 8:1 multiplexer circuit, with ultralow energy dissipation, is introduced. The proposed multiplexer power dissipation is simulated using the QCADesigner-E version 2.2 tool, describing the microscopic physical mechanisms underlying the QCA operation. The results showed that the proposed reversible QCA 8:1 multiplexer consumes 89% less energy than the most energy-efficient 8:1 multiplexer circuit presented previously in the scientific literature.
A Wireless Battery-Free Disposable Electrical-Digital-PCR Chip
Authors: Zhao Bo , Xuan Yangfan , Shen Yili , Xie Xin , Feng Xiangdong , Wang Weixiao , Yang Changgui , Zhao Xiangwei , Luo Yuxuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is ubiquitous in molecular diagnostics to detect bacteria and viruses. Faced with numerous epidemics such as COVID-19, the massive and frequent detection has challenged the PCR equipment in miniaturization, cost efficiency, rapid and precise detection. Conventional fluorescence-PCR techniques suffer from huge and costly optical instruments and pre-lable process. In this work, we demonstrate a PCR system integrated on a single complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip, i.e., electrical digital PCR (EdPCR) chip, where digital PCR detection is firstly realized by measuring the electrical impedance instead of fluorescence intensity. The proposed chip is implemented in 55nm standard CMOS process, which integrates an on-chip antenna for wirelessly battery-free readout as well as a post-fabricated array of 64 sensor pixels, realizing the highest pixel density (64 pixels/mm2) in the state of the arts. In addition, a harmonic-voting technique is proposed to offer a lower pixel error rate (PER) and thus a more accurate testing result. As the standard CMOS chip can be miniature and low-cost in mass production, the proposed EdPCR chip enables the PCR equipment to be portable and disposable, which eliminates the bulky optical instruments and pre-lable process required in conventional fluorescence-PCR methods.
A Fuzzy Based Classification and Labelling Framework for Effective Information Assets Security Risk Assessment
Authors: Alonge ChristianahYetunde , Adesemowo Kayode , Mustapha Abiodun Muyideen , Arogundade Oluwasefunmi Tale , Ibharalu Friday Thomas , Adeniran Olusola John 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This study explores the pressing problem of security risk classification of information assets, which is a significant concern for businesses due to the lack of an efficient system aligning with information security standards and accounting for users’ preferences. Current strategies such as manual methods and machine learning techniques have shown limitations in effectiveness. The research introduces a Fuzzy-based Information Asset Classification and Labeling (FIACL) framework, implemented according to the ISO/IEC 27001 security standard. The FIACL framework consists of six key phases, namely, information asset classification, fuzzy inference system, information asset labelling, information security risk assessment, information asset handling, and storage. Data from various institutions were collected and utilised in assessing the FIACL's performance. The framework classified and labelled the information assets according to their security levels, followed by a risk assessment phase. Usability tests were performed using real datasets from the case studies and the Technology Acceptance Model. FIACL's performance was compared with an Expert based information classification system (ICS), demonstrating superior precision, recall, f-measure, and accuracy values (1.00, 0.89, 0.94, 0.89 respectively), indicating its improved efficiency in classifying information assets and mitigating security risks.
Non-Hermitian quantum correlations in the time domain: well beyond Luders bound
Authors: Chen Ping-Xing , Wu Chun-wang , Zhang Man-Chao , Zhou Yuan-Li , Chen Ting , Huang Ran , Xie Yi , Su Wen-bo , Ou Bao-Quan , Wu Wei , Miranowicz Adam , Nori Franco , Zhang Jie , Jing Hui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The powerful ability of achieving and manipulating strong spatial quantum correlations has helped the emergence of quantum information science. In contrast, strong temporal quantum correlations (TQC), playing an essential role in a wide range of physical and biological processes, have remained an elusive and long-standing challenge, hindering their practical applications. Here, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate how to break the Lüders bound and to achieve the ultimate upper limit of TQC, by using a parity-time (PT)-symmetric single-ion system, within a standard measurement scenario. We achieve this goal by approaching an exceptional point (EP) in such a system, confirming the power of PT symmetry and non-Hermitian phase transition in enhancing purely quantum effects. Our work not only removes an important obstacle for TQC-based quantum engineering applications, but also sheds new light on operating quantum devices at EPs.
Prevalence and Patterns of Echocardiographic Abnormalities Among People Living With Hiv on Anti-retroviral Therapy in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Ogyefo Isaac Nana , Obese Vida , Norman Betty Roberta , Owusu Isaac Kofi , Nkum Bernard , Kokuro Collins 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Echocardiography can be used to screen, confirm, and assist in the management of some cardiovascular diseases in PLWH. Thus, cardiac deaths from sub-clinical cardiovascular conditions or more apparent conditions like massive pericardial effusion with tamponade can be promptly identified and managed to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection. Since the introduction of ART in Ghana about two decades ago, there have been limited studies on the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities among PLWH on ART. This study was designed to assess the prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities among PLWH on ART.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. PLWH on ART attending the HIV clinic at KATH and HIV-negative blood donors were consecutively recruited and enrolled in this study. There were 117 patients in each arm of the study. Interviews were performed using a standardized questionnaire. After a clinical examination was performed, all patients underwent a 2D and Doppler transthoracic echocardiogram. Prevalence and patterns of echocardiographic abnormalities were characterized.
Results
Echocardiographic abnormalities were more frequently observed and demonstrated a statistically significant difference between cases and controls, with an overall prevalence of 35.0% among cases and 19.7% among controls (p = 0.008). The echocardiographic abnormalities that demonstrated significant differences between cases and controls were left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction (28.2% versus 8.6%; p = 0.000) and LV hypertrophy (7% versus 0.9%; p = 0.017).
Conclusion
Nearly 1 in 3 PLWH on ART had an echocardiographic abnormality in this Ghanaian study. Echocardiograms are recommended as helpful screening modalities in diagnosing cardiac abnormalities among PLWH on ART.
Indispensability of Ultra-High-Contrast Heating Lasers for Fast Ignition
Authors: Takizawa Ryunosuke , Morace Alessio , Abe Yuki , Arikawa Yasunobu , Zhu Baojun , Morita Hiroki , Lan Zechen , Dun Jinyuan , Tsuido Takumi , Yuga Karaki , Matsubara Hiroki , Law King Fai Farley , Liu Chang , Matsuo Kazuki , Yogo Akifumi , Iwamoto Akifumi , Nagatomo Hideo , Johzaki Tomoyuki , Nakai Mitsuo , Shiraga Hiroyuki , Kodama Ryosuke , Sentoku Yasuhiko , Fujioka Shinsuke 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The enhancement of plasma heating efficiency is important for realizing inertial fusion energy, which follows the ignition achieved with the laser-indirect-drive central-ignition approach. An increase in the relativistic electron beam (REB) generation efficiency, an improvement in REB directivity, and the optimization of REB energy distribution are key for enhancing the heating efficiency in the fast ignition approach using laser-produced REBs. Here, we show that an extreme ultra-high contrast of the heating laser pulse is essential for efficiently heating high-density plasma using the fast-ignition approach of inertial confinement fusion. A heating efficiency enhancement of more than 2 x was obtained with a high-contrast heating laser compared to that obtained with the lower-contrast LFEX laser. The enhanced heating efficiency is ascribed to the significant reduction of the REB divergence and the increased number of electrons injected into the plasma. The interaction between the high-contrast laser and a plasma suppresses excessive acceleration of the REB The high contrast shortens the distance between the REB generation point and the high-density plasma. However, it is clarified that ultra-high contrast reduces the laser absorption fraction, future research on improving laser absorption for high-contrast lasers is required.
Improving accuracy and precision of heritability estimation in twin studies: Reassessing the measurement error assumption
Authors: Chen Gang , Moraczewski Dustin , Taylor Paul 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

In this study, we demonstrate the need for improvement in the conventional ACE model used for estimating heritability when applied to trait data with measurement errors. The critical issue revolves around an assumption concerning measurement errors in twin studies. In cases where traits are measured using samples, data is aggregated during preprocessing, with only a centrality measure (e.g., mean) being used for modeling. Additionally, measurement errors resulting from sampling are assumed to be part of the nonshared environment and are thus overlooked in heritability estimation. Consequently, the presence of intra-individual variability remains concealed. Moreover, recommended sample sizes are typically based on the assumption of no measurement errors. We argue that measurement errors in the form of intra-individual variability are an intrinsic limitation of finite sampling and should not be considered as part of the nonshared environment. Previous studies have shown that the intra-individual variability of psychometric effects is significantly larger than the inter-individual counterpart. Here, to demonstrate the appropriateness and advantages of our hierarchical modeling approach in heritability estimation, we utilize simulations as well as a real dataset from the ABCD (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) study. Moreover, we showcase the following analytical insights for data containing non-negligible measurement errors:
i) The conventional ACE model may underestimate heritability.
ii) A hierarchical model provides a more accurate assessment of heritability.
iii) Large samples, exceeding 100 observations or thousands of twins, may be necessary to reduce ambiguity.
In summary, our study sheds light on the impact of measurement errors on heritability estimation and proposes a hierarchical model as a more accurate alternative. These findings have important implications for understanding individual differences and for the design and analysis of twin studies.
A New Dynamic Cooperation Cluster Empowered Cell-Free Massive MIMO Architecture Network for Future Networks
Authors: Sheikh Javaid A , Haseena Haseena , Mustafa Farhana 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates cell free massive Multiple Input Multiple Output ( MIMO ) where in access pints are aided by the optimized multiple antenna system. The proposed cell-free network has the ability to address many of the interference problems that currently affect cellular networks. However, a major issue and the research problem is to practically achieve cell free operation. Additionally achieving desired computing efficiency, fronthaul needs and scalability for larger networks are other challenges which needs due consideration. To address such challenging issues, we incorporate the concept of dynamic cooperation cluster to develop a new framework for scalable CF-Massive-MIMO system. The A* Algorithm has been exploited to enhance the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SNIR), capacity and throughput. Moreover, the traditional channel estimation, pre-coding, and combining techniques have also been scaled in the proposed technique. A new Uplink and Downlink duality based on vector combining is demonstrated for the heuristic creation of precoding vectors.
Attosecond and nano-Coulomb electron bunches via the Zero Vector Potential mechanism
Authors: Timmis Robin , Paddock Robert , Ouatu Iustin , Lee Jordan , Howard Sunny , Atonga Eduard , Ruskov Rusko , Martin Heath , Wang Robin , Aboushelbaya Ramy , Leyen Marko von der , Gumbrell Edward , Norreys Peter 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The commissioning of multi-petawatt class laser facilities around the world is gathering pace. One of the primary motivations for these investments is the acceleration of high-quality, low-emittance electron bunches. Here we explore the interaction of a high-intensity femtosecond laser pulse with a mass-limited dense target to produce MeV attosecond electron bunches in transmission and confirm with three-dimensional simulation that such bunches have low emittance and nano-Coulomb charge. We then perform a large parameter scan from non-relativistic laser intensities to the laser-QED regime and from the critical plasma density to beyond solid density to demonstrate that the electron bunch energies and the laser pulse energy absorption into the plasma can be quantitatively described via the Zero Vector Potential mechanism. These results have wide-ranging implications for future particle accelerator science and associated technologies.
A Hyperledger Fabric-based EMR Sharing Mechanisms with Proxy Re-encryption and IPFS
Authors: Huang Der-Chen , Liu Ling-Chun , Deng Yong-Yuan , Chen Chin-Ling , Zeng Kuang-Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

With the advent of the information age, data storage has not only developed from paper information systems to electronic information system storage but has also extended to cloud database storage methods. To date, we can see the application of big data and the cloud in various fields and levels, which makes the induction, arrangement, transmission, and exchange of data easier and faster. The electronic and systematization of patient medical records in the medical environment is an example. The use of electronic medical records can help to improve the quality of medical care, reduce duplication of treatment, and reduce the waste of examination resources. It has many advantages, but also many risks. Medical institutions may abuse electronic medical data without the consent of patients leading to the leakage of patient privacy data and causing serious social impact. Therefore, this study proposes a medical record exchange and sharing mechanism based on the Hyperledger blockchain architecture combined with proxy re-encryption. When pharmacists need to obtain medical records for related research, patients can decide whether to share medical records, and hospitals can also revoke the access rights of pharmacists at any time to achieve more private, secure, and convenient sharing of medical records. The proposed scheme meets various blockchain security requirements, and the BAN (Burrows–Abadi–Needham) logic proof model is applied to evaluate the correctness of the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme performs well in terms of computational and communication costs.
Accelerating Attentional Generative Adversarial Networks with Sampling Blocks
Authors: Zhang Chong , Jin Mingyu , Yu Qinkai , Xue Haochen , Yang Xi , Jin Xiaobo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Synthesizing text-to-image models for high-quality images by guiding generative models through text descriptions is an innovative and challenging task. In recent years, AttnGAN has been proposed based on the Attention mechanism to guide GAN training, which improves the details and quality of images by stacking multiple generators and discriminators. However, the combination of multiple enhancements in GAN architecture introduces redundancy, hindering the practical application of the model. These redundancies adversely affect its performance, resulting in increased inference time and space complexity. In this paper, we propose an accelerated AttnGAN (AccAttnGAN) to optimize the structure and training efficiency of AttnGAN by (1) removing redundant structures and improving the backbone network of AttnGAN; (2) integrating and reconstructing multiple losses for the training of deep attention model. Experimental results show that AccAttnGAN significantly reduces the space complexity and time complexity of the model during inference while maintaining performance. Code is available at https://github.com/jmyissb/SEAttnGAN.
Progress and Trends of Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis
Authors: Raza Ali , Ndiaye Mamadou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent trends and advancements in the field of artificial intelligence have initiated their extensive integration across diverse industrial domains. Despite its nascent stage of development, several studies reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to play an important role in the development of modern and innovative manufacturing at a substantial scale. This study presents a visually enriched bibliometric analysis of the global status and trends of artificial intelligence in the prominent manufacturing sector using VOS, Python and R Studio software. Specifically, it undertakes a thorough examination of the existing scholarly literature on AI in manufacturing sourced from the Scopus database, encompassing the period from 2013 to 2022. Over the last decade, there has been a substantial rising trend in AI in manufacturing research. The accumulation of papers in this topic has closely followed a polynomial growth model and predicted the publications on AI in manufacturing-related topics to be over 5000 per year. China has emerged as the top contributor to worldwide research efforts in AI in manufacturing, followed by the USA, India, Germany, and the United Kingdom. However, the journals “Procedia CIRP”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, and IEEE Access from the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and USA, respectively, have the most publications per year in this field. Western Reserve University, Clevland, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, followed by University of Central Florida, Orlando, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, School of Mechanical Engineering are the most productive institutes in terms of contributions to this topic.
Evaluation of the Influence of pH on the Release of Exchangeable Cations from a Mixed Clay Mineral Deposit for Replenishment of Soil Nutrients
Authors: Irabor Emmanuel Enoguan   Ighodaro , Esanukpe Linda , Imafidon Monday Idiaghe , Ogbeide Osahon Kennedy , Okunzuwa Iyobosa Gift , Unuigbe Charles Akhadelor , Omoruyi Uwaila 
Published: October 2023

Soil nutrients consist of minerals such as Ca, Mg, K and Na ions among others which are essential to plant growth. Soils can become deficient in these nutrients on account of pollution, flooding and over cultivation. The soil condition can be ameliorated by addition of clay minerals which are rich in aforementioned cations. The mineralogy of the clay mineral was investigated using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and the effect of pH variation on the release of exchangeable cations of the clay mineral deposit were investigated by varying the pH of the solution in which the clay mineral was immersed whereas the amount of the cations released were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(AAS) and Flame Emission Spectrophotometer. Three clay minerals clinochlore, kaolinite and illite were detected. The quantity of cations released from the clay mineral varied with pH; and the pH at which the maximum quantity of the cations were released were pH4 for K+ ions(4.63±0.38cmol/kg), pH7 Ca2+ (12.09±0.96 cmol/kg) and Mg2+(3.48±0.08 cmol/kg) ions and pH8 for Na+(7.81±0.58 cmol/kg) ions respectively for site 1. This trend was observed in the three sites that were studied. This study has revealed that different pH conditions are required if this mixed clay mineral is to be employed in the remediation of nutrient deficiency in any soil in respect of a particular mineral.
Quantifying the influence of urban road surface roughness on heavy metals pollution in road-deposited sediment's accumulation and wash-off
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , You Zai-Jin , Akram M. Zuhaib , Ali Shoaib 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Surface roughness is an important factor to consider when evaluating the loads of surface runoff caused by road-deposited sediment (RDS) wash-off and creating management solutions for this occurrence in metropolitan areas. Nevertheless, the implications of surface roughness on RDS development and escape remain unclear due to a paucity of experimental evidence distinguishing the significance of surface roughness. This research aimed to differentiate the impact of surface roughness on RDS accumulation and wash-off by employing paired asphalt, rainfall simulation designs, and concrete road surfaces. Our findings indicated that normal asphalt surfaces are typically rougher than typical concrete surfaces because they frequently contain deeper depressions. Compared to concrete surfaces, asphalt surfaces typically retain more RDS, a higher proportion of coarse aggregates, more RDS wash-off loads, and a lower proportion of wash-off. Surface roughness has varying impacts on the RDS motilities of particulates of varying sizes during rainy runoff; nevertheless, the settleable particles (40–150 μm) were more noticeably impacted by it. The first flush effect also seemed to be more pronounced on surfaces with lower roughness. Hence, surface roughness has a significant impact on how RDS builds on and is washed off of various road aspects.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Dialkyl (Aryl) α-(Aryl/Heterocyclic/Heteroaryl- α-(Aryl/Heteroarylamino)Phosphonates
Authors: Ali Tarik E. , Assiri Mohammed A. , Hussien Mohamed , El-Tantawy El Sayed Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract:
This review describes recent advances that are commonly applied in the synthesis of
dialkyl (aryl) α-aminophosphonates containing heterocyclic compounds. The target structures are
divided into three categories, which include α-aminophosphonic acids and their diesters bearing a
heterocyclic or heteroaryl system at the α-carbon, nitrogen atom, or both. The synthetic protocols
based on the Kabachnik-Fields and Pudovik reactions as the main pathways for the construction
of these features, besides other miscellaneous methods. This review may be a useful resource for
researchers and it will help them to work in this emerging research area.