bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTACT-FREE SPORTS ACTIVITIES DURING COVID-19: IMPACT ON SUBJECTIVE HEALTH AND STAMINA AMONG KOREAN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Han Gaeun , Lee Juhyeong , Kim Giyeon 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Despite the importance of participation in sports activities among older adults, COVID-19 pandemic has limited access to sports facilities, which may threaten the physical and mental health of older adults. This study examines whether the relationship between age and subjective health and stamina is moderated by participation in contact-free sports activities among Korean older adults. A nationally representative sample of Korean older adults aged 65 or older and doing regular exercise (N=1,118) was drawn from the 2021 National Survey on Sports for All. A moderation analysis was conducted by PROCESS macro using SPSS 26.0. Results showed that age was negatively associated with older adults’ subjective health (B = -.0314, p &lt; .001) and subjective stamina (B = -.0259, p &lt; .001), respectively. Participation in contact-free sports activities moderated the relationship between age and subjective health (B = .0266, p &lt; .05) and subjective stamina (B= .0364, p &lt; .01), indicating that the effect of age on subjective health/stamina varies by participation in contact-free sports activities. However, the conditional effect of age on older adults’ subjective health and stamina was significant only for those not participating in contact-free sports activities. The findings suggest that contact-free sports activities may mitigate the association between aging and physical decline in later life, especially during the pandemic and play a vital role in maintaining health and well-being of older adults.
FRAILTY AND DEVELOPMENT ACROSS INDIAN STATES
Authors: Seligman Benjamin , Agarwal Arunika , Bloom David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Introduction Frailty, a common syndrome of vulnerability among older adults, provides insight into the overall health of aging populations. Life-course influences play an important role in late-life health, but the role of social and economic development has not been well-explored. We study these indicators at the state level in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI).
Methods: Participants in LASI were adults aged 45 years or older from 2017-19 in 35 of 36 states and union territories. Frailty was assessed by a 48-item deficit accumulation frailty index (FI). Robust was defined as FI of 0 to 0.1, pre-frail was &gt;0.1 – 0.2, mildly frail &gt;0.2 – 0.3, moderately frail &gt;0.3 – 0.4, and severely frail was &gt;0.4. Development indicators were GDP per capita, infant mortality rate (IMR), and literacy rate in 1981 and 2018 (2011 for literacy), from the Reserve Bank of India. Associations were assessed using beta regression. Results IMR in 1981 had a small but significant association with frailty (OR 1.00 [1.00-1.00]). For GDP per capita and literacy, 1981 values were associated with greater frailty (1.15 [1.10-1.21] and 1.01 [1.01-1.01] respectively). However, 2018/2011 values were associated with lower frailty (0.94 [0.93-0.95] and 0.99 [0.99-1.00]). These associations were similar after stratifying by age group. Discussion Associations between frailty and state-level development varied both by indicator and by time of assessment. Sensitivity to the environment these indicators measure – such as IMR – may differ by age. Whether that sensitivity leads to protection or vulnerability may also change with age.
THE LIFESTYLE OF MEN AND WOMEN AGED 50+ IN TAIWAN: ACTIVITY ON TIME OF DAY AND THEIR CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS
Authors: Chiu Ching-Ju 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
To identify the association of circadian rhythms and objective measures of physical activity at a different time-zone of day, as well as examine gender differences.

Methods
Participants aged 50 years and older living in the community in Taiwan were recruited. Those who suffer from dementia (cognitive dysfunction), mental illness, depression, or those taking drugs that affect daytime activities (e.g. sleeping pills, central nervous system drugs) were excluded. Activity was measured by wearable actigraphy device for at least seven days, diary, and self-reported questionnaires.

Results
Among the 55 participants enrolled in the beginning, 34 (62%) meet the criteria that wore a wearable actigraphy device at least 7 completed days were analyzed. The activity in the morning was the highest among the participants. Although not statistically significant, as the age increases, the amount of activity decreases (H value=4.943, P=0.084); the amount of activity in the evening is higher for people with higher education(Z=-1.776, P=0.076); people with lower loneliness had higher activity levels (Z=-1.622, P=0.105); people with better nutritional status had higher activity (Z=-1.656, P=0.098). The amount of activity in women is positively and significantly related to regular exercise (Z=-2.653, P=0.007**), and nutrition(Z=-2.367, P=0.017*), while men are significantly related to retired status(Z=-2.132, P=0.033*).

Conclusions
People who are older, retired, with chronic disease, more depression, and loneliness were associated with lower objective measure of physical activity. Determinant factors exist gender differences: while men are predicted by social variables (retired status), women are predicted by physiological variables (regular physical activity and nutritional status).
AGING AND SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS: RECIPROCAL RELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL PLEASURE AND EMOTIONAL SATISFACTION
Authors: Nyang’au Getrude , Chao Pei-Shu , Rudy Duane 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Previous research has found significant associations between physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction in sexual relationships. However, much of this research is cross-sectional and has focused on young and middle-aged adults. The present study examined data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). Physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction were assessed at three points in time (2005/2006; 2010/2011; and 2015/2016). Only data from individuals who were alive at all time points were used in the analysis. Three cohorts were examined: at time 1, the first cohort ranged in age from 57-64, the second cohort from 65-74, and the third cohort from 75-85. We examined reciprocal relations between physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction across time using a Random Intercepts Cross-Lagged Panel Model. The results revealed a positive reciprocal relationship between emotional satisfaction and physical pleasure among the first cohort, with emotional satisfaction at time 1 positively associated with physical pleasure at time 2, which in turn was positively associated with emotional satisfaction at time 3. For the second cohort, physical pleasure at time 2 predicted emotional satisfaction at time 3. Relationships among the two variables were not significant for the third cohort. The implication of this study would be to inform older adults in ongoing sexual relationships on the need to invest in activities that enhance physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction. Future research could examine what variables might account for reciprocal relationships being found for the first as opposed to the third cohort.
DETERMINANTS OF POSITIVE MARITAL QUALITY AMONG OLDER HISPANIC ADULTS IN THE US
Authors: Nazario Jaminette , Yamashita Takashi , Bulanda Jennifer , Brown J Scott 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Marital Quality can significantly influence a variety of health and well-being outcomes in later life. Yet, relatively little is known about how marital quality is determined across subpopulations given their cultural backgrounds. Social networks and familial relationships are culturally important to Hispanic adults over their life course. Also, the unique characteristics (e.g., high % of immigrants) of older Hispanic adults in the U.S. may make their determinants of marital quality different from others. Considering approximately one in three older Hispanic adults is an immigrant in the U.S., this subpopulation may have relatively small social networks as their family members live in their countries of origin. As such, sub-groups of married older Hispanic adults may depend more on their marital relationships for social and cultural support, compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Framed by socioemotional selectivity theory, this study aimed to investigate determinants of marital quality among older Hispanic adults (age 51 and older). Nationally representative samples of older Hispanic adults (n = 694) were derived from the 2010 Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Results from linear regression analysis indicated that women (b = -0.16, p &lt; 0.05) reported lower positive marital quality than men. There was also a statistically significant negative association between depressive symptoms (b = -0.09, p &lt; 0.05) and positive marital quality. This study further evaluated other marital quality determinants, gender differences, and possible sociocultural explanations.
FAMILY GUIDANCE WEAKENS AN EFFECT OF OLD PEOPLE’S EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON EHEALTH LITERACY BY INTERNET EXPERIENCE
Authors: Wu Jingxuan , Peng Huamao , Fan Zhiyu , Zhao Heng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background
In the emerging era of digitalization, eHealth literacy is of great importance in older adults’ health and social adaptation. Objective: Explore the effect of educational attainment on eHealth literacy among older adults and examine the mediating role of Internet experience and the moderating role of guidance on the Internet from family members to reveal the underlying mechanism. Method: Four hundred and ninety-one older adults (aged 59–76 years old, Mage = 65.69±4.41) completed the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) and Internet Experience among Older Adults Scale (IEOAS) and reported their educational attainment and the frequency of family members guiding them on how to use the Internet.

Results
eHealth literacy of older adults with lower educational attainment did not reach an intermediate level (M = 2.46±1.17). It was significantly lower than that of older adults with higher educational attainment whose scores were beyond the intermediate level (M = 3.43±0.90). Internet experience mediated the effect of older adults’ educational attainment on eHealth literacy. This mediation model was moderated by family members’ guidance on the Internet.

Discussion
our results have implications for understanding how educational attainment reinforced the inequality in eHealth literacy among older adults and how to address this gap. Specifically, If older adults with lower educational attainment are given guidance on Internet use by their family members frequently, they will no longer be at a disadvantage in accumulating Internet experience and further cultivate eHealth literacy to search for, distinguish, and take advantage of health information on the Internet well.
INTERGENERATIONAL INTERACTIONS AND RELATIONSHIP QUALITY: A DAILY STUDY AMONG MOTHERS AND THEIR ADULT CHILDREN
Authors: Jiang Da , Lee John Chi Kin , Kong Dexia 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The parent–child relationship is one of the longest-lasting and closest relationships in human life. Because of its long-lasting nature, more studies focus on the long-term exchanges between parents and children. Few studies have examined the effects of daily interactions on relationship quality. However, such an understanding is crucial during public health emergencies, when daily support amongst close family members is critical for life quality and even survival. Using data collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, we examined the relationship between daily support and relationship quality among middle-aged and older mothers and their adult children. Seventy-seven dyads of mothers (age range: 44–80 years, Mage = 53.78, SDage = 9.57) and adult children (age range: 18–54 years, Mage = 26.61, SDage = 9.46) reported their daily exchanges with their child/parent (i.e., the support they had received from and provided to the other) and daily relationship quality (i.e., relationship satisfaction and trust) each day for 14 consecutive days. Receiving support was positively associated with relationship satisfaction and trust on both Day N and Day N+1 in mothers, and it was positively associated with relationship satisfaction on Day N and trust on both Day N and Day N+1 in children. Offering support was positively associated with relationship satisfaction on Day N (but not Day N+1) for both mothers and children. Offering support was not associated with daily trust in either mothers or children. The findings highlight the importance of daily support on relationship quality during a public health emergency.
INTERGENERATIONAL SOLIDARITY AND FILIAL PIETY PERCEIVED BY OLDER ADULTS IN RURAL CHINA
Authors: Zhang Wencheng , Silverstein Merril , Xu Ying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Filial piety—the obligation of adult children to serve and honor older parents—is a fundamental value in Chinese society. This study explores how dimensions of intergenerational solidarity influence parents’ evaluations of their children’s filial piety. Data derive from 1473 respondents reporting about 4000 relationships in the 2021 wave of the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province China. Strength of filial piety was assessed for each adult child along with other aspects of the relationship. Random effects ordinal logistic regression predicted parents’ perceptions that their children fulfilled expectations of filial piety based on geographic proximity, financial support, and emotional support. Findings indicate that parents consider children who live with them as most filial, and they view residentially independent children who live farther away as less filial. However, financial support from more distant children raises perceptions that these children are meeting expectations of filial piety. In addition, having more frequent contact with distant children strengthens perceptions of them as being filial. Results suggest that weak filial piety perceived by older parents of their more geographically distant children in rural China—an area characterized by high rates of internal migration—is compensated by financial transfers and frequent communication. As research shows that filial piety perceptions are important to the well-being of older adults in Chinese populations, threats to its decline due to forces of modernization and any adverse consequences may be overcome by forms of intergenerational solidarity that involve contributions of money and time by children to their older parents.
NONPARENTAL CAREGIVER DIFFERENCES IN LOCUS OF CONTROL AND GPA OF GRANDCHILDREN AND FOSTER CHILDREN
Authors: McLin Maia , Nadorff Danielle 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are approximately 5,950,690 children living with their grandparents, with about half being raised without a parent present. Children raised by non-parental caregivers are at risk of worse academic performance, and locus of control (LOC) is shown to relate to children’s academic performance. However, differences between caregiver types and this relation are not well known. The current study hypothesized that caregiver type would affect the strength of the association between LOC and academic performance in children raised by grandparents versus foster parents. Participants (323 caregiving grandparents (GP), m age = 55.66 yr; 105 foster parents (FP), m age = 34.45 yr) were recruited nationwide and surveyed via Qualtrics Panel Service. Measures included an adapted academic locus of control scale from the Child Trend’s Student Survey, and a question rating the degree to which the child receives “mostly As and Bs.” Controlling for age and socioeconomic status (SES) of caregiver, grandchildren had higher reported LOC, but did not differ in academic performance. Caregiver type was found to differentially affect the relation between LOC and academic performance, with a stronger association for foster children (GP r =.726; p &lt; .001; FP r =.831; p &lt; .001). A significant group difference was found (z =2.06; p &lt; .05). These results suggest that kincare may buffer the impact of LOC on academic performance in children not raised by their parents. For those raised in foster care, it may be helpful to focus on increasing autonomy and sense of control regarding their grades.
SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINING AND CUSTODIAL GRANDFAMILIES: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Dolbin-MacNab Megan , Smith Gregory , Infurna Frank , Webster Britney , Castro Saul , Crowley D Max , Musil Carol 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Custodial grandfamilies often experience relational challenges related to parenting and the grandparent-grandchild relationship that would benefit from intervention. Social intelligence training (SIT), which focuses on improving socio-emotional skills via online, self-guided modules, holds promise for helping grandfamilies address their relational challenges. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine SIT skills that custodial grandmothers and grandchildren utilize in their interactions and the impact of SIT on their relationship. The sample consisted of 27 dyads of custodial grandmothers and adolescent (ages 11 to 18) grandchildren enrolled in an RCT examining the effectiveness of SIT. Dyads who completed the SIT were randomly selected and completed individual, open-ended interviews over the telephone, after post-test but prior to the 3-month follow-up. Results of a thematic analysis revealed several themes related to the SIT skills grandmothers and grandchildren were utilizing including taking and understanding the other’s perspective, attending to the nonverbal communication, engaging in active listening, reflecting on their treatment of each other, and slowing down communication to think before speaking. Analyses further revealed that grandmothers and grandchildren noted SIT-related improvements in their relationship, with themes reflecting improvements in the quality of communication, the frequency and intensity of conflict, understanding of each other, and sense of emotional connectedness. Those dyads that did not report relational improvements had a strong relationship prior to completing the SIT or the grandchild did not fully engage in the SIT. Directions for research and family-based interventions with grandfamilies will be discussed. [Funded by the National Institute on Aging (R01AG054571)]
THE PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF UNREPRESENTED ADULTS ADMITTED TO KOREAN HOSPITAL SETTINGS
Authors: Kim Hyejin , Choi Jiyeon , Lee Won , Lee Ilhak , Song Mi-Kyung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Unrepresented adults refer to persons who have lost their decision-making capacity and have neither available surrogates to make medical decisions for them nor the documentation of their treatment preferences. Recently, concerns about this population have been emerging in the hospital setting in South Korea. However, little is known about this population. Thus, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and demographic and clinical characteristics of unrepresented patients admitted to hospitals in South Korea.

METHODS
This qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 37 physicians, nurses, social workers, and others from 22 hospitals and directed content analysis. RESULTS: The number of unrepresented patients seemed to be small in hospital settings, but higher in public hospitals than private ones. Participants reported that the reasons unrepresented patients lost their decision-making capacity included loss of consciousness, delirium or alcoholism-related mental change, dementia, and mental retardation. Surrogates were unavailable because no families were found through a rigorous search, or because families were inaccessible, refused to be decision-makers, or were unable to serve as surrogates as they were not a legally-bound immediate family. These patients were mostly in their 50s – 70s, predominantly male, and living alone, and had poor socioeconomic status and poor hygiene. Most of them had no medical records before admission. CONCLUSIONS: Unrepresented patients are recognizable even though the number is small. Based on the common characteristics of unrepresented adults, national and societal efforts are necessary to identify ‘at-risk’ people and prevent them from becoming unrepresented in healthcare settings.
CORRELATES OF SUBTLE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN A HIGHLY EDUCATED COHORT OF MID LIFE AND OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS
Authors: Brown-Hughes Travonia , Gamaldo Alyssa , Pettigrew Corinne , Thorpe Roland J 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Remote cognitive screening modalities can be an initial step in assessing cognitive health. This cross-sectional study examined how risk and protective factors relate to cognitive performance in non-demented African Americans aged 50 and older. Participants were part of the African American-United Memory and Aging Project (AA-UMAP), a geographically diverse cohort of college-educated adults recruited and evaluated via telephone and online. Demographic, health variables and activity engagement were self-reported through an online survey. Cognition (global cognition, memory, and psychomotor/attention) was measured remotely using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-40; N = 143) and the CogState Brief Battery (CBB; N = 51). Health variables included a mental health composite (e.g., depression and/or anxiety) and a metabolic conditions composite (e.g., high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, and/or obesity). Activity engagement was assessed with self-reported physical, mental, and social lifestyle activities. Linear regression models indicated that older age was associated with slower psychomotor/attention performance (p &lt; 0.01) and marginally lower learning/working memory accuracy (p = 0.08) even after adjusting for covariates (e.g., sex and education). Cognitive performance was unrelated to mental health, metabolic conditions, and lifestyle activity engagement. Neither health-related risk factors nor level of engagement activities were significantly associated with cognitive performance in this remotely screened sample of highly educated middle-aged and older African American adults. More studies of midlife and older African Americans are needed to obtain a more in-depth understanding of the degree to which biopsychosocial strengths and deficits in midlife may affect or alter later-life cognitive trajectories.