bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lipopolysaccharide of
Brucella abortus
BvrS/BvrR Mutants Contains Lipid A Modifications and Has Higher Affinity for Bactericidal Cationic Peptides
Authors: Manterola Lorea , Moriyón Ignacio , Moreno Edgardo , Sola-Landa Alberto , Weiss David S. , Koch Michel H. J. , Howe Jörg , Brandenburg Klaus , López-Goñi Ignacio 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

The two-component BvrS/BvrR system is essential for
Brucella abortus
virulence. It was shown previously that its dysfunction abrogates expression of some major outer membrane proteins and increases bactericidal peptide sensitivity. Here, we report that BvrS/BvrR mutants have increased surface hydrophobicity and susceptibility to killing by nonimmune serum. The
bvrS
and
bvrR
mutant lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) bound more polymyxin B, chimeras constructed with
bvrS
mutant cells and parental LPS showed augmented polymyxin B resistance, and, conversely, parental cells and
bvrS
mutant LPS chimeras were more sensitive and displayed polymyxin B-characteristic outer membrane lesions, implicating LPS as being responsible for the phenotype of the BvrS/BvrR mutants. No qualitative or quantitative changes were detected in other envelope and outer membrane components examined: periplasmic β(1-2) glucans, native hapten polysaccharide, and phospholipids. The LPS of the mutants was similar to parental LPS in O-polysaccharide polymerization and fine structure but showed both increased underacylated lipid A species and higher acyl-chain fluidity that correlated with polymyxin B binding. These lipid A changes did not alter LPS cytokine induction, showing that in contrast to other gram-negative pathogens, recognition by innate immune receptors is not decreased by these changes in LPS structure. Transcription of
Brucella
genes required for incorporating long acyl chains into lipid A (
acpXL
and
lpxXL
) or implicated in lipid A acylation control (
bacA
) was not affected. We propose that in
Brucella
the outer membrane homeostasis depends on the functioning of BvrS/BvrR. Accordingly, disruption of BvrS/BvrR damages the outer membrane, thus contributing to the severe attenuation manifested by
bvrS
and
bvrR
mutants.
Important Role for Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase in the Oxidative Stress Response of
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. phaseoli
Authors: Vattanaviboon Paiboon , Seeanukun Chotirote , Whangsuk Wirongrong , Utamapongchai Supa , Mongkolsuk Skorn 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACT

A methionine sulfoxide reductase gene (
msrA
) from
Xanthomonas campestris
pv. phaseoli has unique expression patterns and physiological function.
msrA
expression is growth dependent and is highly induced by exposure to oxidants and
N
-ethylmaleimide in an OxyR- and OhrR-independent manner. An
msrA
mutant showed increased sensitivity to oxidants but only during stationary phase.
No evidence that FLT3 status should be considered as an indicator for transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): an analysis of 1135 patients, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia, from the UK MRC AML10 and 12 trials
Authors: Gale Rosemary E. , Hills Robert , Kottaridis Panagiotis D. , Srirangan Sivatharsini , Wheatley Keith , Burnett Alan K. , Linch David C. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFetal liver tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) internal tandem duplications (ITDs) are powerful adverse prognostic indicators for relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but the most efficacious therapy for FLT3/ITD+ patients is currently unknown. We evaluated outcome according to FLT3/ITD status in 1135 adult patients treated according to United Kingdom Medical Research Council (UK MRC) AML protocols: 141 received an autograft, and 170 received a matched sibling allograft in first complete remission (CR). An FLT3/ITD was detected in 25% of patients and was an independent predictor for relapse (P &lt; .001). It remained prognostic for increased relapse in patients who received a transplant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 1.13-3.21; P = .02), with no evidence of a difference in effect between patients who received an autograft (OR = 2.39; CIs = 1.24-4.62) and patients who received an allograft (OR = 1.31; CIs = 0.56-3.06) (test for interaction, P = .3) or between patients who did or did not receive a transplant (P = .4). These results were confirmed in an analysis of 186 patients randomized to receive or not receive an autograft in first CR and in a donor-versus–no donor analysis of 683 patients to assess the role of allograft (for latter, FLT3/ITD- OR = 0.70, CIs = 0.53-0.92; FLT3/ITD+ OR = 0.59, CIs = 0.40-0.87; test for interaction, P = .5). These results suggest that at present there is no strong evidence that FLT3 status should influence the decision to proceed to transplantation.
Functional annotation by identification of local surface similarities: a novel tool for structural genomics
Authors: Ferrè Fabrizio , Ausiello Gabriele , Zanzoni Andreas , Helmer-Citterich Manuela 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Background
Protein function is often dependent on subsets of solvent-exposed residues that may exist in a similar three-dimensional configuration in non homologous proteins thus having different order and/or spacing in the sequence. Hence, functional annotation by means of sequence or fold similarity is not adequate for such cases.

Results
We describe a method for the function-related annotation of protein structures by means of the detection of local structural similarity with a library of annotated functional sites. An automatic procedure was used to annotate the function of local surface regions. Next, we employed a sequence-independent algorithm to compare exhaustively these functional patches with a larger collection of protein surface cavities. After tuning and validating the algorithm on a dataset of well annotated structures, we applied it to a list of protein structures that are classified as being of unknown function in the Protein Data Bank. By this strategy, we were able to provide functional clues to proteins that do not show any significant sequence or global structural similarity with proteins in the current databases.

Conclusion
This method is able to spot structural similarities associated to function-related similarities, independently on sequence or fold resemblance, therefore is a valuable tool for the functional analysis of uncharacterized proteins. Results are available at http://cbm.bio.uniroma2.it/surface/structuralGenomics.html
Infants' Ability to Distinguish Between Intentional and Accidental Actions and Its Relation to Internal State Language
Authors: Olineck Kara M. , Poulin‐Dubois Diane 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe experiment reported here investigated infants' concept of intention, as well as the relation among intention understanding, general productive vocabulary, and internal state language production during the 2nd year. Results from an imitation task indicated that 18‐month‐olds are better able to differentiate between intentional and accidental actions than 14‐month‐olds. Although there was no relation between infants' performance on the intention task and their general productive vocabulary, internal state language production at 30 months was predicted by infants' ability to differentiate between intentional and accidental actions about a year earlier. These findings shed light on the developmental progression of infants' concept of intention, as well as on the continuity between infants' understanding of intentional action and their ability to use internal state words.
FDA Drug Approval Summary: Erlotinib (Tarceva®) Tablets
Authors: Cohen Martin H. , Johnson John R. , Chen Yeh-Fong , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Pazdur Richard 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
On November 18, 2004, erlotinib (Tarceva®; OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Melville, NY, http://www.osip.com, and Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, http://www.gene.com) received regular approval as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of at least one prior chemotherapy regimen. Survival of erlotinib-treated patients was superior to that of placebo-treated patients. The median survival duration of erlotinib-treated patients was 6.67 months, compared with 4.70 months for placebo-treated patients. Exploratory univariate analyses showed a larger survival prolongation in two subsets of patients: those who never smoked and those with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive tumors. Patients who never smoked and were EGFR-positive had a large erlotinib survival benefit. Erlotinib was also superior to placebo for progression-free survival and a response rate of 8.9% versus 0.9%. Skin rash and diarrhea were the most common erlotinib adverse events. Severe rash occurred in 8%, and severe diarrhea occurred in 6% of erlotinib-treated patients. In the first-line treatment of NSCLC, two large, controlled, randomized trials showed no benefit from adding erlotinib to doublet, platinum-based chemotherapy. Therefore, erlotinib is not indicated for use in this setting.
Management of Cancer-Related Anemia with Erythropoietic Agents: Doubts, Certainties, and Concerns
Authors: Stasi Roberto , Amadori Sergio , Littlewood Timothy J. , Terzoli Edmondo , Newland Adrian C. , Provan Drew 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The management of cancer-related anemia with erythropoietic agents presents many unresolved issues. We reviewed the literature relating to epoetin alfa (Eprex®/Epypo®; Ortho Biotech/Janssen-Cilag, High Wycombe, United Kingdom, http://www.orthobiotech.co.uk; Procrit®; Ortho Biotech Products, L.P., Bridgewater, NJ, http://www.orthobiotech.com), epoetin beta (NeoRecormon®; Hoffman-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland, http://www.roche.com), and darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp®; Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, http://www.amgen.com) highlighting the results of published clinical trials, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Studies were identified through MEDLINE and the bibliographies of relevant articles. Epoetin alfa, epoetin beta, and darbepoetin alfa have differing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. They are all effective at reducing transfusion requirements and improving health-related quality-of-life parameters, irrespective of tumor response. A direct comparison between epoetin alfa and darbe poetin alfa is based on limited evidence, which does not allow definitive conclusions about relative efficacy and cost-effectiveness. No predictive factors for response to erythropoietic agents have been validated in prospective trials. The most consistent adverse events are thrombotic and may occur irrespective of an increase in hemoglobin. Recent research indicates that the erythropoietin receptor is expressed in several cancer cell lines, raising the concern of possible stimulation of tumor cell growth by these drugs. Studies on the cost-effectiveness of erythropoietins, particularly compared with transfusion therapy, have been challenging to conduct and analyze and have generated ambiguous results. The use of erythropoietins needs to be optimized in terms of cost-effectiveness, and issues surrounding safety need to be clarified. A stronger methodology for clinical studies and the design of new, randomized, clinical trials is a major priority.
Muscle‐bone interactions in dystrophin‐deficient and myostatin‐deficient mice
Authors: Montgomery Eric , Pennington Catherine , Isales Carlos M. , Hamrick Mark W. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe have investigated muscle‐bone interactions using two mouse mutants that are known to differ from normal mice in skeletal muscle growth and development: mice lacking myostatin (GDF8) and mice lacking dystrophin (mdx). Myostatin‐deficient mice show increased muscle size and strength compared to normal mice, whereas the mdx mouse is a well‐established animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The mdx mice have significantly larger hindlimb muscles than controls, and histological sections of the quadriceps muscles show dystrophic changes with extensive fibrosis. Femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture strength (Fu) are significantly greater in mdx mice than controls, and these variables are more strongly correlated with quadriceps muscle mass than with body mass. In contrast, mdx mice do not shower high bone mineral density in the spine relative to controls, whereas myostatin‐deficient mice have significantly increased BMD in the lumbar spine compared to normal mice. Both mdx mice and myostatin‐deficient mice have expanded femoral trochanters for attachment of large hindlimb muscles, and both mutant strains show increased cross‐sectional area moments of inertia mediolaterally (Iyy) but not anteroposteriorly (Ixx) compared to normal mice. These data suggest that lean (muscle) mass is a significant determinant of bone mineral density and strength in the limb skeleton, even when accompanied by a dystrophic phenotype. Likewise, increased muscle mass produces a marked increase in the external dimensions of muscle attachment sites, even when increased muscle size is accompanied by extensive fibrosis and muscle weakness. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simple electrospray mass spectrometry detection of acylhomoserine lactones
Authors: Makemson John , Eberhard Anatol , Mathee Kalai 
Published: August 2005

AbstractSimple (non‐tandem) electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) can detect acyl homoserine lactones (AHL) in bacteriological media in picomole amounts. The chemical reactivity of AHLs and their extraction behaviour into ethyl acetate, coupled with detection in the ESMS, has shown that these lactones can be detected as the protonated pseudomolecular ions themselves as well as solvent and ammonium adducts, and as dimers. ESMS detects and identifies these molecules, utilizing simple chemical properties of AHLs. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multivariate analysis of factors associated with renal dysfunction in patients with obstructive jaundice
Authors: Padillo F J , Cruz A , Briceño J , Martin-Malo A , Pera-Madrazo C , Sitges-Serra A 
Published: August 2005

Abstract

Background
The aim was to evaluate the factors determining preoperative renal dysfunction in patients with obstructive jaundice.

Methods
In a prospective cross-sectional observational study, 63 patients, 27 with benign and 36 with malignant obstructive jaundice, were investigated at admission and compared with 25 healthy control subjects. Variables analysed included extracellular body water (ECW) compartment, plasma levels of aldosterone, renin, atrial natriuretic peptide, vasopressin, nitric oxide, endothelin (ET) 1 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), urinary nitric oxide and PGE2, serum albumin and renal function.

Results
The metabolic profile of obstructive jaundice was characterized by a depletion of the ECW (P = 0·004), and increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (P &lt; 0·001), ET-1 (P = 0·044), vasopressin (P = 0·017), aldosterone (P = 0·005) and renin (P = 0·001). Increased plasma (P &lt; 0·001) and urinary (P = 0·001) PGE2 levels were also found. Fifty-four per cent of patients had a creatinine clearance of less than 70 ml/min. In multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin, renin, ET-1, PGE2, decreased urinary sodium excretion and age were identified as predictors of renal dysfunction.

Conclusions
Renal dysfunction in patients with obstructive jaundice was associated with the degree of biliary obstruction, age of the patient and reduced urinary sodium excretion. These alterations were closely related to derangements in sodium- and water-regulating hormones.
Seeing sustainability in business operations: US and British food retailer experiments with accountability
Authors: Iles Alastair 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis article compares how food retail industries in Britain and the United States are facing sustainability challenges. The British and US industries are in different stages of maturity in identifying and responding to sustainability. Some UK retailers have begun developing broad‐based accountability systems that may aid them to see sustainability in their business operations. By examining what retailers are doing, how accountability systems can inform retailers and the business case for accountability, this article argues that retailers can gain significant business advantages with strategies to improve accountability. Compared with their American counterparts, British retailers may be better placed to deal with sustainability issues in future. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Bifurcation Analysis of the Fluidized Bed Polyethylene Reactor with Internal Cooler
Authors: Ghasem N. M. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA mathematical model has been developed to simulate a gas‐phase ethylene polymerization reactor with internal cooler. The model was analyzed to determine the effects of reactor operating conditions on dynamics and stability. The reactor model employed assumed that both the gas and polymer phase in the reactor are well mixed. Comparing the present model to one with external heat exchanger confirms that, in either form, gas‐phase polyethylene reactors are prone to show unstable steady states, limit cycles and excursions toward unacceptably high temperature steady states. It was also observed that, with internal cooler, minor design changes in the cooler area available for heat transfer and in the inlet temperature of the coolant have a significant effect on the low stable steady state range of catalyst feed rates. With internal cooler, the suitable operating range increased with the increase in the area available for heat transfer. This effect is insignificant in the case of a reactor with external heat exchanger. Manipulating the reactor coolant inlet temperature and/or gas velocity can increase the stability range in the reactor with internal cooler as against one with external heat exchanger.
Enhancement of Propylene Production in a Downer FCC Operation using a ZSM‐5 Additive
Authors: Abul‐Hamayel M. A. , Aitani A. M. , Saeed M. R. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe effects of high severity operation and ZSM‐5 addition on the FCC product yield distribution have been studied in a down‐flow reactor unit. VGO cracking at high reaction temperatures of 500–650 °C increases the yield of light olefins (propylene and butenes) with a corresponding loss in gasoline yield and increase in dry gas formation. Similar behavior is observed with the addition of 0–20 wt % ZSM‐5 additive, however, with no increase in dry gas. The combination of the two effects (high severity and ZSM‐5 addition) makes the FCC unit an excellent source of light olefins for downstream petrochemical and alkylation units. The novel process configuration increased the light olefin yield without significant loss in gasoline by suppressing thermal cracking reactions and dry gas formation.
Distinction between Electrostatic and Electrokinetic Effects on the Permeability of Colloidal Packed Beds
Authors: Schäfer B. , Nirschl H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractElectrostatic and electroviscous effects can significantly decrease the permeability of packed beds which consist of colloidal particles. This results in poor filterability of colloidal suspensions. Electrostatic effects refer to the dependency of the structure of the packed bed on the particles' tendency to agglomerate or disagglomerate. This tendency is influenced by the particle charge, and thus the pH and the ionic strength of the suspension. Electroviscous effects relate to the increased flow resistance of the pores due to a streaming potential being established when the electrochemical double layer of the particles is sheared off. It is difficult to distinguish electrostatic and electroviscous effects because they are interrelated. The comparison of permeability measurements of both TiO2 and Al2O3 with a classical permeability model demonstrates the influence of the two different effects on permeability.
A New Synthesis of (PhPSe2)2 (Woollins Reagent) and Its Use in the Synthesis of Novel P–Se Heterocycles
Authors: Gray Ian P. , Bhattacharyya Pravat , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Woollins J. Derek 
Published: August 2005

AbstractA new and improved method for the preparation of (PhPSe2)2 (Woollins reagent (WR), 1) is reported. Reaction of dichlorophenylphosphine with Na2Se, (prepared from the reaction of elemental selenium and sodium in liquid ammonia) gives WR with excellent purity, high yield and on a larger scale than was previously possible. Four novel phosphorus–selenium heterocycles, including a spirocyclic heterocycle exhibiting a four‐membered P2SeC ring, were obtained from the reaction of WR with two reactive substrates (diphenylcyclopropenone and methyl phenylpropiolate). Useful selenocarbonyl and thiocarbonyl compounds were obtained from the reaction of both WR and Lawesson's reagent with diphenylcyclopropenone. All new compounds were characterised spectroscopically and three demonstrative X‐ray structures are reported.
Metal Ion Coordination to Azole Nucleosides
Authors: Müller Jens , Böhme Dominik , Lax Patrick , Morell Cerdà Marta , Roitzsch Michael 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTo evaluate the possibility of introducing azole nucleosides as building blocks for metal‐mediated base pairs in artificial oligonucleotides, imidazole nucleoside, 1,2,4‐triazole nucleoside and tetrazole nucleoside have been synthesized and characterized. The X‐ray crystal structures of p‐toluoyl‐protected 1,2,4‐triazole and tetrazole nucleosides are reported. Contrary to the situation primarily found for deoxyribonucleosides, the sugar moieties adopt C3′‐endo conformations. The acidity of the β nucleosides increases with increasing number of nitrogen ring atoms, giving pKa values of 6.01±0.05, 1.32±0.05 and <−3, respectively. This decrease in basicity results in a decreasing ability to form 2:1 complexes with linearly coordinating metal ions such as Ag+ and Hg2+. In all cases, the Ag+ complexes are of higher stability than the corresponding Hg2+ complexes. Whereas imidazole nucleoside forms highly stable 2:1 complexes with both metal ions (estimated log β2 values of >10), only Ag+ is able to reach this coordination pattern in the case of triazole nucleoside (log β2 = 4.3±0.1). Tetrazole nucleoside does not form 2:1 complexes at all under the experimental conditions used. These data suggest that imidazole nucleoside, and to a lesser extent 1,2,4‐triazole nucleoside, are likely candidates for successful incorporation as ligands in oligonucleotides based on metal‐mediated base pairs. DFT calculations further corroborate this idea, providing model complexes for such base pairs with glycosidic bond distances (10.8–11.0 Å) resembling those in idealized B‐DNA (10.85 Å).
Isotopic Magnetic Exchange Between Anisotropic Yb(III) Ions. Study of Cs3Yb2Cl9 and Cs3Yb2Br9 Crystals.
Authors: Palii Andrei V. , Tsukerblat Boris S. , Clemente‐Juan Juan M. , Coronado Eugenio 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
{Sn[Zn4Sn4S17]}6‐: A Robust Open Framework Based on Metal‐Linked Penta‐Supertetrahedral [Zn4Sn4S17]10‐ Clusters with Ion‐Exchange Properties.
Authors: Manos Manolis J. , Iyer Ratnasabapathy G. , Quarez Eric , Liao J. H. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structure of 4‐Hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐5H‐naphtho[1′,2′:5,6]pyrano [4,3‐b]Pyridin‐5‐one: A New Heterohelicene.
Authors: Kettmann Viktor , Svetlik Jan 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.