bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clustering method for time-series images using quantum-inspired digital annealer technology
Authors: Inoue Tomoki , Kubota Koyo , Ikami Tsubasa , Egami Yasuhiro , Nagai Hiroki , Kashikawa Takahiro , Kimura Koichi , Matsuda Yu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTime-series clustering is a powerful data mining technique for time-series data in the absence of prior knowledge of the clusters. Here we propose a time-series clustering method that leverages an annealing machine, which accurately solves combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed method facilitates an even classification of time-series data into closely located clusters while maintaining robustness against outliers. We compared the proposed method with an existing standard method for clustering an online distributed dataset and found that both methods yielded comparable results. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to a flow measurement image dataset containing noticeable noise with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately unity. Despite a small signal variation of approximately 2%, the proposed method effectively classified the data without any overlaps among the clusters. In contrast, the clustering results of the existing methods exhibited overlapping clusters. These results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A tunable acoustic absorber using reconfigurable dielectric elastomer actuated petals
Authors: Shrestha M. , Lau G. K. , Chin Y. W. , Teo E. H. T. , Khoo B. C. , Lu Z. B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDielectric elastomer actuator (DEA)-based unimorphs that actively bend in one direction, can mimic the blooming motion of flower petals. Here we explore an application of such reconfigurable DEA to create tunable acoustic absorber capable of adapting to fluctuations in dominant noise frequency. The DEA-unimorphs consist of alternate layers of dielectric elastomers and compliant electrodes bonded to a Mylar sheet and were micro-slotted to form triangular petal-like structures that bend upon voltage activation. When arranged in an array, the micro-slotted dielectric elastomer bending actuators (MSDEBA) can open like flower petals, actively reconfiguring their open-ratio. Integrated with a base resonator comprising a micro-slotted panel (MSP) and a parallelly arranged varying-depth (VD) back-cavity, the MSDEBA forms a tunable acoustic absorber effective in the low-mid acoustic frequency range at inactive state. Meanwhile, upon voltage activation, it increased the absorber’s open-ratio and tuned the absorber to target a higher frequency. A 5 kV activation reconfigured the MSDEBA to shift its transmission loss peak by 72.74% (i.e., from 697 Hz to 1204 Hz). This acoustic spectrum tuning capability doubled the 15 dB absorption bandwidth of these absorbers from a bandwidth of ~435 Hz to 820 Hz. Such absorbers have the potential to tune the absorption spectrum to match the noise frequency in real-time to ensure optimal acoustic attenuation.
Potential unintended consequences of agricultural land use change driven by dietary transitions
Authors: Blackwell Martin S. A. , Takahashi Taro , Cardenas Laura M. , Collins Adrian L. , Enriquez-Hidalgo Daniel , Griffith Bruce A. , Hunt John , Lee Michael R. F. , Misselbrook Tom H. , Neal Andy L. , Jordana Rivero M. , Shield Ian F. , Storkey Jonathan , Wu Lianhai , Harris Paul 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith a growing body of research associating livestock agriculture with faster global warming, higher health costs and greater land requirements, a drastic shift towards plant-based diets is often suggested as an effective all-round solution. Implicitly, this argument is predicated on the assumption that the reallocation of resources currently assigned to animal production systems will automatically result in the efficient cultivation of human-edible crops without negative environmental, health or socioeconomic consequences. In reality, however, the validity of this assumption warrants careful examination, as a farm’s capability to adopt a new agricultural system is multifaceted and context-specific. Through a transdisciplinary review of literature, here we discuss examples of unintended consequences that could arise from the conversion of grasslands into arable production, including potentially adverse impacts on yield stability, biodiversity, soil fertility and beyond. We contend that few of these issues are being methodically considered as part of the current food security debate and call for a closer examination of supply-side constraints.
A framework for promoting online prosocial behavior via digital interventions
Authors: Grüning David J. , Kamin Julia , Panizza Folco , Katsaros Matthew , Lorenz-Spreen Philipp 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDigital interventions for prosocial behavior are increasingly being studied by psychologists. However, academic findings remain largely underutilized by practitioners. We present a practical review and framework for distinguishing three categories of digital interventions––proactive, interactive, and reactive––based on the timing of their implementation. For each category, we present digital, scalable, automated, and scientifically tested interventions and review their empirical evidence. We provide tips for applying these interventions and advice for successful collaborations between academic researchers and practitioners.
Enhanced surface flashover performance of oriented hexagonal boron nitride composites via anisotropic charge transportation
Authors: Zhang Yingfan , Wang Haohuan , Huang Zhengyong , Li Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSurface flashover is a crucial issue for the miniaturisation of electronic facilities in military, industrial, and aerospace engineering. The oriented hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) composites, due to excellent thermal and electrical insulating properties, show a potential application in high‐voltage power equipment, while the surface flashover performance of hBN composites dependent on oriented hBN texture is rarely reported. The effects of hBN orientation and contents on the surface flashover performances of oriented hBN composites are investigated. The isothermal surface potential decay of the oriented hBN composites was also studied. It is found that the charge transportation could be adjusted by the hBN orientation, thus regulating surface flashover strength. The DC flashover voltage of the in‐plane oriented hBN composites with a thickness of 15 μm reached the maximum of 27.6 kV at the hBN loading of 20 wt%, 14.5% higher than that of the pure resin. The carrier mobility of out‐of‐plane oriented hBN composites is about three times greater than that of the in‐plane oriented composites, indicating that the charges are easily transported along the hBN basal plane. The larger carrier mobility causes charge dissipation in composites near the electrode at the hBN basal plane parallel to the axis of electrodes and inhibits the distortion of the surface electric field on the composites, thus enhancing the surface flashover. Consequently, developing oriented insulators for high‐voltage applications and enabling an optimum insulation design would be beneficial because of the compactness and high reliability of power apparatus for use in power grids.
Estimating the potential maximum power point based on the calculation of short‐circuit current and open‐circuit voltage
Authors: Bui Van Hien , Truong Viet Anh , Nguyen Vu Lan , Duong Thanh Long 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a technique to quickly determine the potential maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic system using the duty cycle (D) of the DC/DC converter. The proposed method depends on estimating the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and short‐circuit current (Isc) values under different operating conditions. It is an adapted version derived from the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm, designed to restrict the search area for the MPP. The working conditions, including temperature variations, irradiance, or both, are simulated in the PSIM environment and experimented with a simulator with parameters satisfied according to the proposed operating conditions. The research objective of this study also involves operating under partially shaded conditions. When comparing the results of this research with those obtained from the traditional P&O method and the Variable Step Size Perturb and Observe (VSSP&O) approach, it becomes evident that the proposed solution excels in terms of both convergence speed and performance, particularly when operating under partial shade conditions. In addition, this study's methods of determining Isc, Voc, and Dmp can be widely applied in low‐voltage and power systems.
Multi‐timescale synergistic planning for flexible regulation of thermal power to support wind‐photovoltaic‐storage
Authors: Fan Hong , Li Ting , Jia Qing‐Shan , Zhuang Mengmeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the proposed goal of 30•60 carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the proportion of new energy continues to increase, the proportion of conventional power supply capacity continues to decrease, and the flexibility demand of the existing power system continues to increase and the flexibility adjustment ability is insufficient. Therefore, a medium and long term planning method is proposed to flexibly adjust the multi‐time scale coordination of thermal power support wind and solar storage. Considering the long‐term investment decision and the short and medium term operation simulation, the flexible transformation cost and the penalty cost of insufficient flexibility of thermal power units are included in the planning objective, and a multi‐time scale coordinated planning model is established with wind power as the main power source and thermal power and hydrogen energy storage as the auxiliary power source. Through the multi‐stage cycle iteration of investment decision model, medium and long term production simulation and typical daily operation simulation, the flexible transformation resources of wind and solar fire storage and thermal power are optimized. Finally, a provincial power grid in northeast China is taken as an example to verify that hydrogen energy storage equipment assisting thermal power unit flexibility transformation can better support load fluctuation and large‐scale new energy access in new power systems.
Consequence modeling of a compressed hydrogen tube trailer explosion – theoretical study
Authors: Suvar Marius Cornel , Zsido Sorin , Miclea Olga , Pasculescu Adina Cristina 
Published: January 2024

In the present context, with the increasing focus on decarbonization and the transition toward sustainable energy systems, due to the imminent climate crisis, hydrogen has emerged as one of the key players in the quest for clean and renewable energy solutions. If this alternative fuel will be widely distributed, it can be used as an energy source for industry, households, and transportation, thereby promoting a carbon-free society. However, hydrogen's safe handling and transportation present significant challenges due to its unique properties and potential hazards.
Given the high level of interest in the future of hydrogen applications, assumed by European Commission in the European Hydrogen Strategy and transposed in national strategies and action plans for the member states, special safety measures must be taken to avoid accidents.
The study aims to provide an overview of the physical and chemical properties of compressed hydrogen and the specific characteristics of tube trailers used for its transportation and to examine the potential scenarios that may lead to a tube trailer explosion, such as ignition sources, leakages, or accidents during transit. Consequence modeling techniques are employed to evaluate the potential hazards and impacts of accidental hydrogen release from a tube trailer. This includes dispersion modeling to assess the extent of the hydrogen cloud and its potential for ignition, which can lead to jet fire or rising fireballs. Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST) was utilized to evaluate the hazardous extent of the occurrence area and to estimate the effects of the theoretical explosion scenarios presented.
Acidic Hydrogen-Tethered Electron-Deficient Acceptors for Phosphine-Catalyzed Annulations
Authors: Guo Hongchao , Zhou Leijie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNucleophilic phosphine-catalyzed annulations are recognized as practical and powerful tools for synthesizing various cyclic compounds. Phosphine acceptors play a key role in nucleophilic phosphine catalysis. The design and synthesis of new phosphine acceptors that are able to introduce new zwitterionic intermediates with new reactivities into phosphine-catalyzed annulations is highly desirable. We recently applied proton-shift principles in the design of new phosphine acceptors, and we synthesized several new acceptors. With the use of these acceptors, we have developed several novel phosphine-catalyzed annulation reactions. In this account, we present a brief introduction to the design and application of a series of acidic-hydrogen-tethered electron-deficient acceptors for phosphine-catalyzed annulation reactions, categorized according to the type of atom (N–H, O–H, C–H) to which the acidic hydrogen is bound.1	Introduction2	Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic N–H Group3	Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic O–H Group4	Phosphine Acceptors Tethered with an Acidic C–H Group5	Conclusions
The Use of Internet of Things (IoT) Technology to Promote Children's Oral Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Khafid Moh , Bramantoro Taufan , Hariyani Ninuk , Setyowati Dini , Palupi Retno , Ariawantara Putu Aditya Ferdian , Pratamawari Dyah Nawang Palupi , Pindobilowo Pindobilowo , Mohd Nor Nor Azlida 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDental treatments and oral health promotion are now more mobile and versatile thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT)-based healthcare services. This scoping review aims to compile the available data and outline the aims, design, assessment procedures, efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of the implementation of IoT to improve children's oral health. Articles for this review were gathered from PubMed, Scopus, and Ebscohost databases to identify and construct the keywords and primary research topic. The selected studies were published between 2000 and 2022 and focused on children aged 1 to 18 and/or parents/caregivers of children who received oral health promotion and/or dental disease preventive treatments utilizing the IoT. Each study topic required data extraction. A total of nine papers were included in this review. Two of the nine publications were quasi-experimental, while the remaining six papers were randomized control trials. The nine papers considered in this appraisal have a range of interventions and follow-up periods. Mobile-Health (m-Health), home healthcare, hospital/clinical management, and electronic-Health applications (e-Health) are the most common IoT architecture used as interventions. Three studies assessed oral health knowledge and behavior scores, whereas the bulk of studies (6/7) used m-Health treatments focusing on dental plaque buildup as well as gingival health evaluation to assess oral hygiene. IoT is one of the mediums or instruments that might be used to encourage children's dental health. The studies suggest that the use of IoT could help in improving oral hygiene and oral health, which can further improve children's oral health.
Biomarkers: Are They Useful in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
Authors: Póvoa Pedro , Pitrowsky Melissa , Guerreiro Gonçalo , Pacheco Mariana B. , Salluh Jorge I.F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCommunity acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a prevalent infectious disease often requiring hospitalization, although its diagnosis remains challenging as there is no gold standard test. In severe CAP, clinical and radiologic criteria have poor sensitivity and specificity, and microbiologic documentation is usually delayed and obtained in less than half of sCAP patients. Biomarkers could be an alternative for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and establish resolution. Beyond the existing evidence about biomarkers as an adjunct diagnostic tool, most evidence comes from studies including CAP patients in primary care or emergency departments, and not only sCAP patients. Ideally, biomarkers used in combination with signs, symptoms, and radiological findings can improve clinical judgment to confirm or rule out CAP diagnosis, and may be valuable adjunctive tools for risk stratification, differentiate viral pneumonia and monitoring the course of CAP. While no single biomarker has emerged as an ideal one, CRP and PCT have gathered the most evidence. Overall, biomarkers offer valuable information and can enhance clinical decision-making in the management of CAP, but further research and validation are needed to establish their optimal use and clinical utility.
What is Spanish regulation on the application of artificial intelligence to medicine like?
Authors: Molina Óscar Andrés , Bernal Miriam Jiménez , Wolf Daniel López , Herreros Benjamín 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article will attempt to analyze the current impact of Artificial Intelligence in Spanish healthcare, as well as the challenges that its application poses both from an ethical and legal point of view. Technological advances, which are already being applied in healthcare, make it necessary to adapt the legal system to the new trends that are emerging in society and force healthcare professionals to review their codes of ethics in the face of new ethical dilemmas, since these codes of ethics do not have clear guidelines for action on AI that raise relevant ethical problems to which no response is being given, except for the code of ethics for medicine, which has recently been included. After a review of the last 5 years of Spanish and European regulations in medicine, it can be concluded that the regulation and legislation of the application of AI is very deficient, both in the EU and in Spain. In order to try to identify different ways of resolving conflicts related to AI in medicine, jurisprudential sentences related to the rights and obligations of health professionals, patients and users have been analyzed and reviewed. Therefore, the paper concludes with the proposal of a series of aspects to be taken into account for the future regulation of the application of AI in medicine.
Terahertz spectroscopy of MOFs reveals dynamic structure and contact free ultrafast photoconductivity
Authors: Hamilton Kendra , Neu Jens 
Published: January 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials. Their large pores make them particularly interesting for membranes, gas separation, and gas storage. Furthermore, MOFs are ultralight, making them suitable for a large realm of exciting applications ranging from wearable devices to space technology. Optimizing MOFs for these applications demands a detailed understanding of their low energy dynamics and photophysics, which can be provided by terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. MOFs exhibit structural modes, or phonons, with energies in the meV range, which corresponds to the THz spectral range (0.1–10 THz, 0.4–40 meV). Understanding these modes is crucial in determining how a MOF interacts with guest molecules in the process of gas capture and storage. In this perspective, we discuss how gas-MOF interactions alter the MOFs’ spectral fingerprints. We demonstrate that THz spectroscopy can be used for gas adsorption monitoring and explain how density functional theory, together with THz spectra, can illuminate the dynamic structure of MOFs, providing unique insight into their functionality. THz is also a contact free probe for conductivity and allows us to measure short range conductivity within an individual MOF crystal. We will discuss the advantages of THz as a conductivity probe for MOFs as compared to more established direct current techniques. We will then expand our view to incorporate ultrafast photoconductivity in MOFs measured via optical pump-THz probe spectroscopy, in comparison to more established ultrafast spectroscopic tools such as optical transient absorption and photoluminescence. We will supplement this section with a discussion of THz studies on perovskites, which unveiled electron–phonon interactions not yet explored in MOFs.
The types of cues that help you learn
Authors: Romain Laurence , Divjak Dagmar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Despite a considerable amount of research conducted on the development of tense/aspect (TA) usage in English by
second language (L2) learners, nuances in uses of TAs remain elusive to many L2 learners of English: the grammatical accounts
proposed appear difficult to apply as they are either too general or too specific and fail to provide learners with a conceptual
understanding of the system. Merging insights from psychological models of learning, corpus-based, and cognitive linguistics
approaches to second language acquisition we use the results of computational simulations of learning of the TA system conducted
by Romain et al. (2022) and propose an approach to TA teaching that focuses on the cues
that have been identified as crucial for accurate TA use. Our pedagogical approach draws learners’ attention not so much to the
cues themselves but to the type of cues that are the most reliable in the choice of different TA combinations. This approach
allows teachers to equip learners with a long-term learning strategy that will help them focus on the most useful type of
information, and thus gradually build up a bank of knowledge specific to each TA combination.
Sustainable Tourism and Stakeholders’ Satisfaction in Batulayang Tourism Village Bogor Indonesia
Authors: Suherlan Ade 
Published: January 2024

Summary

Desa Wisata Batulayang
(Batulayang Tourism Village) is an emerging tourist destination in Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, offering a unique experience of rural life, traditions, and nature. Developing such tourism villages is vital for the community, providing economic benefits, alleviating poverty, and unemployment, and preserving the environment and culture. Enhancing the availability of job opportunities in rural areas by creating sustainable tourism villages will expand the range of services such as healthcare and education. Consequently, this is expected to reduce the tendency of rural communities to migrate to urban areas.

Desa Wisata Batulayang
adheres to sustainable tourism principles to ensure the village’s long-term sustainability. The success of sustainable tourism hinges on active involvement, satisfaction, and support from various stakeholders. Involving stakeholders in decision making promotes the village’s viability, community development, resource preservation, and economic prosperity.

Information
© The Author 2024
Nonperturbative theory for the QED corrections to elastic electron-nucleus scattering
Authors: Jakubassa-Amundsen D H 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A potential for the vertex and self-energy correction is derived from the first-order Born theory. The inclusion of this potential in the Dirac equation, together with the Uehling potential for vacuum polarization, allows for a nonperturbative treatment of these quantum electrodynamical effects within the phase-shift analysis. Investigating the 12C and 208Pb targets, a considerable deviation of the respective cross section change from the Born results is found for the heavier target. It is shown that at low impact energies the dispersion effects play no role. Estimates for the correction to the beam-normal spin asymmetry and its accuracy at 5 MeV (for 208Pb and 197Au) are also provided.