bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic Overactivity in Patients with Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Ozdemir Ozcan , Alyan Omer , Soylu Mustafa , Metin Fatma , Demir Ahmet Duran , Geyik Bilal , Aras Dursun , Özbakir Cemal , Cihan Gökhan , Sasmaz Hatice , Korkmaz Sule 
Published: October 2004

Background: Mitral stenosis may increase sympathetic nervous activity by increasing left atrial pressure and reducing cardiac output. And elevated sympathetic nerve activity may be a risk factor for the development of clinical manifestations of mitral stenosis. In this study, we assessed the autonomic nervous system activity in patients with mitral stenosis by heart rate variability analysis and defined factors affecting autonomic functions. Methods and Results: Fifty‐four patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis were compared with an age‐ and gender‐matched control group composed of 42 healthy individuals. SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50, and HF were lower; mean heart rate (HR), LF and LF/HF ratio were higher in the patients with mitral stenosis compared to the control group. SDNN was correlated positively with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), negatively with mitral valve area, left atrial (LA) diameter, and duration of symptoms. RMSSD was correlated positively with mean transmitral gradient, negatively correlated with age; PNN50 was correlated negatively with mitral valve area and positively correlated with transmitral gradient. LF was positively and HF was negatively correlated with LA diameter; LF was correlated positively, and HF was negatively correlated with duration of symptoms. LF/HF ratio was positively correlated with LA diameter and duration of symptoms, negatively with LVEF and mean valve area. Conclusion: As a result, sympathetic nervous system activity is increased in patients with mitral stenosis and sympathetic overactivity worsens their symptoms. Most significant factors that affect autonomic functions in these patients are left atrial dilatation and mitral valve area.
QT Interval Dispersion Analysis in Patients Undergoing Left Partial Ventriculectomy (Batista Operation)
Authors: Pastore Carlos Alberto , Arcêncio Sandra Regina , Tobias Nancy M.M.O. , Kaiser Elisabeth , Filho Martino Martinelli , Moreira Luis Felipe P. , Stolf Noedir A. , Bocchi Edimar , Ramires José Antonio Franchini 
Published: October 2004

Background: QT interval dispersion (QTd) has been valued as a marker of increased vulnerability for cardiac arrhythmias. QTd was analyzed in patients undergoing the left partial ventriculectomy (LPV) or Batista operation, a palliative surgery for patients in the line for heart transplantation, which is associated with complex arrhythmia and death from sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT). Methods: Pre‐ and postoperative R‐R, QT, QTc, JT (QT – QRS), and aT (apex to end of T wave) intervals were obtained by 87‐lead body surface mapping from 24 patients (18 male), mean age 46.4 ± 9.15 years. Dispersions of QT, QTc, JT, and aT intervals were calculated, and the total number of arrhythmic events were assessed, aiming to verify a possible risk predictor for the occurrence of SVTs. Subgroups of patients who survived and who died after LPV were also compared, aiming to obtain a QTd cutoff value that could be used prognostically. Results: No difference between pre‐ and postoperative mean values were found, but a very significant difference was seen when comparing QTd and QTcD values for surviving and dead patients: QTd, cutoff value was 95 ms, while QTcD value was 114 ms. Conclusion: There were no significant differences between pre‐ and postoperative variables or the number of arrhythmic events, but there were significant differences between both pre‐ and postoperative QTd and QTcD data from surviving and dead patients; this enabled the determination of cutoff values that we believe may be useful for the prognosis of the LPV outcome.
Polymorphisms in genes coding for enzymes metabolizing smoking‐derived substances and the risk of periodontitis
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Sook , Park Jong Y. , Chung Won‐Yoon , Choi Min‐Ah , Cho Kyoo‐Sung , Park Kwang‐Kyun 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectives: Although the direct cause for periodontitis is oral bacterial infection, its progression depends upon genetic and environmental factors. Smoking, one of the environmental factors, is a risk factor for the development and severity of periodontitis. Therefore, individual susceptibility to periodontitis may be influenced by the polymorphisms of genes coding for enzymes metabolizing tobacco‐derived substances. The object of this study is to investigate roles of genetic polymorphisms of these metabolizing enzymes in the risk for periodontitis.Material and Methods: We investigated three important enzymes: cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP2E1 and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) M1, involved in the metabolic activation and detoxification of tobacco‐derived substances. The prevalence of the polymorphisms of these genes was examined in 115 patients with periodontitis as well as in 126 control subjects.Results: Significantly increased risk for periodontitis was observed for subjects with the polymorphic CYP1A1 m2 allele (odds ratio (OR)=2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.2–4.4). A significant risk increase for periodontitis associated with the GSTM1 allele was observed (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.3–3.6). However, no association was observed between the CYP2E1 Pst1 polymorphism and risk for periodontitis (OR=1.3, 95% CI=0.6–2.5).Conclusion: These results suggest that the GSTM1 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms may play an important role in risk for periodontitis.
Smoking affects the outcome of guided tissue regeneration with bioresorbable membranes: a retrospective analysis of intrabony defects
Authors: Stavropoulos Andreas , Mardas Nikolaos , Herrero Federiko , Karring Thorkild 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectives: To disclose factors that may influence the results of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) treatment in intrabony defects with bioresorbable membranes.Methods: Forty‐seven intrabony defects in 32 patients were treated by means of polylactic acid/citric acid ester copolymer bioresorbable membranes. At baseline and after 1 year, the following parameters were recorded: (1) probing pocket depth (PPD), (2) gingival recession (REC), (3) probing attachment level (PAL)=PPD+REC, (4) presence/absence of plaque (PI), (5) presence/absence of bleeding on probing (BOP) and (6) intrabony component (IC) configuration (i.e. primarily presence of one, two, or three bone walls). Occurrence of membrane exposure and smoking habits were also recorded. Significance of differences between categorical variables was evaluated with McNemar's test, and between numerical variables with the t‐test for paired observations. Generalized linear models were constructed to evaluate the influence of various factors on PAL gain and PPD after 1 year, including in the analysis only one defect per patient (i.e. 32 defects) chosen at random. Odds ratios were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Differences between smokers and non‐smokers were evaluated by means of Pearson's χ2 and Student's t‐test for non‐paired observations.Results: At baseline, a mean PPD of 8.6±1.1 mm and a mean PAL of 9.8±1.6 mm was recorded. Statistically significant clinical improvements were observed 1 year after GTR treatment. An average residual PPD of 3.7±1.1 mm and a mean PAL gain of 3.8±1.5 mm were recorded. IC configuration and exposure of the membrane did not seem to influence the results, while a negative effect of smoking on the clinical parameters was observed. Smokers gained approximately 1 mm less in PAL than non‐smokers (3.2±1.4 versus 4.3±1.3, respectively; p=0.03) and had approximately seven times less chances to gain 4 mm in PAL as compared with patients who did not smoke (odds ratio: 0.15). PPD reduction was less pronounced in smokers than in non‐smokers (4.5±0.7 versus 5.5±0.7, respectively; p<0.01), resulting in somewhat deeper residual PPD in smokers than in non‐smokers (3.6±1.0 versus 3.4±1.1; p>0.05).Conclusion: Smoking impairs the healing outcome of GTR treatment of intrabony defects with bioresorbable membranes.
Periodontal treatment of patients with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome: a 3‐year follow‐up
Authors: Lundgren T. , Renvert S. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackground/aim: Conventional mechanical periodontal treatment of Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) has often been reported to fail. This study describes the outcome of a non‐surgical periodontal therapy including antimicrobial treatment of nine patients diagnosed with PLS. The patients originate from a total of 15 children and adolescents with PLS for which clinical characteristics are presented.Methods: Clinical examination including conventional periodontal measurements. Initial treatment including oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing and systemic amoxicillin–metronidazole therapy for 6 weeks. After that the patients were enrolled in a 3‐month recall maintenance program. In addition to this mechanical supportive maintenance treatment, tetracycline was prescribed and used continuously for 1.5 years.Results/Conclusion: On five patients who were showing acceptable standard of oral hygiene and also compliance with the antibiotic medication, development of periodontitis on erupting teeth was prevented and disease activity on the previously periodontally involved teeth controlled during a 3‐year period. Poor results of treatment were observed for three patients, all siblings. These patients failed to comply with the medication and also failed to improve their oral hygiene.
Efficacy of plaque removal of the Sonicare Elite versus the Sonicare Advance from hard‐to‐reach sites
Authors: McCracken G. I. , Preshaw P. M. , Heasman L. , Stacey F. , Steen N. , Heasman P. A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjective: To compare the Sonicare Elite with the Sonicare Advance in terms of the reduction in supragingival plaque in the posterior, hard‐to‐reach areas of the mouth.Method: This was a single‐cohort, 6‐week, two‐treatment, single‐blind, cross‐over clinical trial that recruited 45 subjects. Plaque scores were recorded throughout the study using a modification of the Quigley and Hein plaque index (PI). All subjects had a minimum pre‐brushing PI of 1.8 at screening following 24 h abstention from tooth cleaning. Subjects then used a Sonicare Advance powered toothbrush at home for 4 weeks for familiarisation purposes. At the next visit (2), subjects were given either the Sonicare Elite or the Sonicare Advance powered toothbrush for a further 2 weeks of home use. Twenty‐four hours prior to visit 3, subjects abstained again from tooth cleaning. At visit 3, the PI was recorded pre‐ and post‐tooth brushing and then all remaining “mature” plaque was removed professionally with a dental prophylaxis. After a further period of 24 h (to accumulate new plaque) without tooth brushing the subjects returned for visit 4 at which PIs were again recorded pre‐ and post‐tooth brushing. The subjects were then given the second toothbrush in the cross‐over sequence and attended for visits 5 and 6 at which the protocol for visits 3 and 4 was repeated.Results: The Sonicare Elite powered toothbrush was more effective than the Sonicare Advance model in removing both mature and newly formed plaque. The magnitude of the differences between the toothbrushes for all posterior sites, interproximal and smooth surfaces, respectively, was 0.35 U (p<0.001), 0.39 U (p<0.001) and 0.32 U (p<0.001) of the modified Quigley and Hein PI. There was no evidence of a significant period effect comparing data from visits 5 and 6 against those from visits 3 and 4. There was, however, a significant visit effect with full‐mouth (p<0.01), interproximal (p<0.001) and smooth surface (p<0.01) post‐brushing plaque scores being significantly lower at visits 4 and 6 than at visits 3 and 5.Conclusion:  The data support the observation that the Sonicare Elite toothbrush is more effective than the Sonicare Advance model in removing both newly formed and mature plaque from all posterior, interproximal and smooth tooth surfaces.
Life‐threatening thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with dental foci
Authors: Fenner Matthias , Frankenberger Roland , Pressmar Katharina , John Stefan , Neukam Friedrich Wilhelm , Nkenke Emeka 
Published: October 2004

AbstractObjectives: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare haematological disease of unknown aetiology. This thrombotic microangiopathy is characterized by microvascular lesions with platelet aggregation. It is found in adults and can be associated with pregnancy, cancer, autoimmune diseases, bone marrow transplantation, drugs and bacterial as well as viral infections. The therapy requires a multi‐disciplinary team approach involving dentistry. Even if TTP is immediately treated in an adequate manner, it still shows a mortality of up to 20%.Aim: To define a specific treatment concept for periodontal disease and decayed teeth in patients suffering from TTP based on the experiences gained from two cases.Conclusion: The two patient cases revealed a possible association of TTP with dental foci. Because of the severity and mortality of this disease, both prognosis evaluation and treatment standards of periodontologically compromised or decayed teeth have to be strictly followed in patients suffering from TTP. In order to avoid recurrence of TTP, it seems important to remove radically teeth of questionable prognosis.
Behavior of human periodontal ligament cells on CO2 laser irradiated dentinal root surfaces: an in vitro study
Authors: Pant V. , Dixit J. , Agrawal A. K. , Seth P. K. , Pant A. B. 
Published: October 2004

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro attachment behavior of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts on periodontally involved root surface after conditioning with CO2 laser and to compare its efficacy with chemical conditioning agents, namely tetracycline hydrochloride, citric acid, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and EDTA, using scanning electron microscopy.Methods:  A total of 84 scaled and root‐planed specimens from periodontally involved single‐rooted human teeth showing hopeless prognosis were selected and assigned to two groups. One group was lased with a CO2 laser (from 5 cm at 3 W for 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 s), and the other group was treated with either tetracycline hydrochloride (2.5%), citric acid (saturated solution, pH 1), H2O2 (6%) or EDTA (5%; pH 7.4) for 3 min. The specimens were then seeded with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts, incubated for either 12 h or 24 h, and then the cell attachment behavior was observed.Results:  CO2 laser irradiation for 1.0 s was found to be the most efficient, showing consistently good cell attachment with the highest mean value (15.00 ± 3.41 cells/10,000 µm2 after incubation for 12 h and 29.17 ± 2.04 cells/10,000 µm2 after 24 h), followed by irradiation for 0.8 s (13.11 ± 3.04 cells/10,000 µm2 after incubation for 12 h and 22.91 ± 7.10 cells/10,000 µm2 after 24 h). Charring was observed following irradiation for 1.2 s. Amongst chemical conditioning agents, citric acid was found to be the most efficient, with a mean cell attachment of 17.82 ± 2.16 cells/10,000 µm2 after incubation for 12 h and 23.62 ± 1.94 cells/10,000 µm2 after 24 h. EDTA and H2O2 did not do well in the study.Conclusion:  The results suggest that CO2 laser irradiation for 1.0 s may promote comparatively better attachment of periodontal ligament fibroblast on dentinal root surfaces than the conventional chemical conditioning agents used in the study.
The distribution of periodontopathic bacteria among Japanese children and their parents
Authors: Umeda Makoto , Miwa Zenzo , Takeuchi Yasuo , Ishizuka Motoko , Huang Yi , Noguchi Kazuyuki , Tanaka Mitsuro , Takagi Yuzo , Ishikawa Isao 
Published: October 2004

Objective and background:  It is not well known how periodontopathic bacteria colonize in the oral cavity during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of periodontopathic bacteria in oral cavities of children and their parents and the relationship between the bacterial findings and clinical parameters.Methods:  Fifty‐six children (mean age: 8.3 ± 3.5, range: 1–15 years), including 15 with deciduous dentition, 26 with mixed dentition and 15 with permanent dentition, and their parents participated in this study. Whole saliva and dental plaque of the children and whole saliva of their parents were collected for detection of seven species of periodontopathic bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythensis (Bacteroides forsythus), Campylobacter rectus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens and Treponema denticola) using the polymerase chain reaction method. Clinical parameters including simplified Oral Hygiene Index and Papillary‐Marginal‐Attachment Index were recorded for the children and their accompanied parents.Results:  The detection frequencies of T. forsythensis, C. rectus, P. nigrescens, T. denticola, A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis in the oral cavities of children were 42.9%, 94.6%, 42.9%, 48.2%, 1.8% and 8.9%, respectively. T. forsythensis, P. gingivalis and T. denticola were detected more frequently in the saliva of parents (54.8%, 54.8%, 88.1%, respectively) than in the saliva of children (25.5%, 7.3%, 41.8%, respectively). Different detection frequencies of P. nigrescens were found among the oral cavities of children with deciduous, mixed and permanent dentitions. In mixed dentition, females harbored T. forsythensis more frequently than males did. Children who harbored T. forsythensis, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens and T. denticola showed high scores for oral debris measurement by simplified Oral Hygiene Index. T.  forsythensis, P. intermedia and P. nigrescens were detected more frequently in children whose parents were positive for these pathogens than in children whose parents were negative.Conclusions:  High plaque retention seems to promote the colonization of periodontal pathogens in the oral cavities of children. T. forsythensis, P. intermedia and P. nigrescens were detected more frequently in the oral cavities of children whose parents already harbored these bacteria. Familial transmission of these bacteria is suggested.
Pre‐exposure to high glucose augments lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated matrix metalloproteinase‐1 expression by human U937 histiocytes
Authors: Maldonado Alejandro , He Lin , Game Bryan A. , Nareika Alena , Sanders John J. , London Steve D , Lopes‐Virella Maria F. , Huang Yan 
Published: October 2004

Background and objectives:  It has been well established that patients with diabetes have increased prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Given that bacterial infection is the primary cause of periodontal disease, we postulated that hyperglycemia may interplay with bacterial virulence factors such as lipopolysaccharide to up‐regulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), leading to increased periodontal tissue destruction.Methods and results:  We showed that prolonged pre‐exposure of U937 histiocytes to high glucose markedly increased lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated MMP‐1 secretion and mRNA expression. Our results also showed that the effect of high glucose on lipopolysaccharide‐induced MMP‐1 expression is cell type‐specific because no similar response was observed in human gingival fibroblasts. In addition to MMP‐1, high glucose also augments lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated MMP‐7, ‐8, and ‐9 mRNA expression. In the investigation of the signaling pathways involved in the enhancement of lipopolysaccharide‐induced MMP‐1 expression by high glucose, we found that both high glucose and lipopolysaccharide regulate MMP‐1 expression through the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades.Conclusions:  The present study has shown that pre‐exposure to high glucose and subsequent lipopolysaccharide treatment synergistically stimulates MMP‐1 expression by mononuclear phagocytes through the NFκB and MAPK signaling pathways. This study has thus delineated a pathogenic mechanism that may be involved in the exacerbated periodontal disease in diabetic patients.
Factor XIIIa+ dendritic cells and S‐100 protein+ Langerhans' cells in adult periodontitis
Authors: Dereka X. E. , Tosios K. I. , Chrysomali E. , Angelopoulou E. 
Published: October 2004

Objective:  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of factor XIIIa+ dendritic cells and S‐100 protein+ Langerhans' cells in the gingival epithelium and connective tissue of periodontal pockets, before and after non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Background:  The microbial flora in periodontal pockets provokes complex immune reactions. Dendritic cells play a critical role in primary and secondary immune responses and are considered as antigen‐presenting cells. Factor XIIIa positive dendritic cells and S‐100 protein positive Langerhans' cells identified by immunoreactivity against factor XIIIa antigen and S‐100 protein, respectively, are two distinct subpopulations of dendritic cells.Methods:  Fifty‐four gingival tissue samples were obtained from periodontal pockets of initial depth 4–5 mm and ≥ 6 mm. Each group was subdivided in to three subgroups. The first subgroup consisted of samples taken on baseline day and used as control. The second and third subgroups included those obtained 1 month after plaque and calculus removal, and 1 month after scaling and root planing, respectively, additionally to oral hygiene instructions. The tissues were removed from the palatal gingiva under local anaesthesia during routine periodontal surgery. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against factor XIIIa and S‐100 protein was performed to identify dendritic cells positive and Langerhans' cells positive, respectively.Results:  Factor XIIIa+ dendritic cell numbers decreased compared to controls after plaque and calculus removal, oral hygiene instructions and scaling and root planing in periodontal pockets of 4–5 mm, but not in those of ≥ 6 mm depth. S‐100+ Langerhans' cell numbers decreased after periodontal treatment in the periodontal pockets ≥ 6 mm.Conclusion:  These results may reflect a tendency for reduction of these two distinctive subpopulations of dendritic cells after non‐surgical periodontal therapy.