bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of the Use of Modern Tobacco and Nicotine-Containing Products Among Students of Leading Universities in Lviv
Authors: Pylypiv L.I. , Piskur Z.I. , Pylypiv O.H. 
Published: December 2023

Objective — to analyze the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine-containing smoking products (TNSP) among students of Lviv universities, the reasons for their popularity, factors influencing smoking cessation and awareness of the impact of these products on health.
Materials and methods. An anonymous survey was conducted among students of leading universities in Lviv (273 participants, including 120 males and 153 females, average age — 20.0 years). A questionnaire was developed for the survey, consisting of 31 questions related to identifying harmful habits, type, onset and duration of smoking, motivation for starting and quitting, and awareness of the harmful effects of TNSP on health.
Results and discussion. The prevalence of TNSP consumption among students was 40.7 %, with 63.1 % of smokers smoking daily. There were significantly more male smokers than female smokers (55.8% vs. 28.8 %; p < 0.01). 52.8 % of students experienced systematic passive smoking. Most respondents described their attitude toward smoking as neutral (56.0 %), while a third characterized it as negative (35.5 %). Meanwhile, 65.6 % of respondents noted that there were no positive aspects to smoking, but every third (34.4 %) believed there were. The formation of the harmful habit was driven by a desire to relieve stress (58.5 %), relax (51.5 %), and experience satisfaction (44.2 %). In 64.0 % of students, there are smokers in the family. Most surveyed smokers used electronic (69.4%) and regular cigarettes (54.1 %), less frequently hookah (42.3%) and tobacco products for electric heating (41.4 %). Women smoked regular cigarettes much less often than men (38.6 vs. 64.2 %; p < 0.01). According to the respondents, the main factors that could influence smoking cessation were the identification of health problems caused by smoking (52.3 %) and the appearance of children (40.9 %). Every second respondent (58.5 %) did not plan to quit smoking in the near future. Factors hindering students from quitting smoking were constant stress (39.6 %), the presence of smokers in the environment (30.6 %) and nicotine/psychological dependence (27.0 %). Despite more than 77 % considering themselves informed about the effects of TNSP, 52.8 % claimed that hookah use is safe for health, while 24.9 and 18.4 % lacked information on whether tobacco products for electric heating and electronic cigarettes are a safe alternative to regular cigarettes. According to 66.2 % of respondents, it is necessary to disseminate information about the health impact of modern TNSP among students.
Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the need to develop effective strategies to influence student youth to prevent the use of TNSP. It is crucial to disseminate evidence-based information about the impact of TNSP on human health and address stress in universities.
Changing Livelihood, and Culture in Pattharkatta (Kushbadiya) Community of Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Reena 
Published: December 2023

Pattharkatta (Kusbadiya), one of the endangered communities of Nepal, have been using multiple livelihood strategies from carving grinding stone to wage labour. In course of selling and carving grinding stones, they still practice semi-nomadic characteristics like tribal peoples’ routine of periodically moving from one place to another. Due to the lack of their own registered land, they were compelled to many livelihood strategies because the traditional occupation was replaced by new technology. The decline of their traditional occupation and landlessness generate questions about the traditional livelihood and culture strategies of the community. What are the current livelihood practices of the Pattharkatta? How do they negotiate to change livelihood and culture? What are socio-cultural changes they experienced? Nowadays, they have settled in some public places near the road, rivers, and slum areas of the municipality. Some of them temporally migrated to the near market and road where they make and sell grinding stones. Some of them migrated to Kathmandu and temporally settled along the ring road at Balaju Bus Park, Kalanki, Chahabil, Basundhara, and Koteswor.
By employing a mixed method design, the researcher collected information through observations and interviews with the selected informants in Kapilbastu and Kathmandu. Descriptive and narrative analysis of the data explored that they were temporarily settled in a public land by making temporary huts in public lands or lands allocated by the local bodies. Few of them continued in traditional occupations- making grinding stones, making brooms and ropes using jute fibers and rest of them changed their livelihood strategies and culture.
Facteurs pronostiques précoces dans le syndrome douloureux régional complexe : une revue systématique
Authors: Louis M.-H. , Meyer C. , Legrain V. , Berquin A. 
Published: December 2023

Contexte et objectif : Plusieurs facteurs de risque associés à l’apparition d’un SDRC ont été découverts, mais les preuves scientifiques concernant les facteurs pronostiques associés à la progression de cette pathologie restent rares. Toutefois, la détection et la prise en charge de ces facteurs sont nécessaires pour élaborer des stratégies de prévention secondaire. L’objectif de cette revue systématique était d’identifier les facteurs pronostiques chez les adultes souffrant d’un SDRC précoce.
Base de données et traitement des données : PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library et Scopus, publiées entre janvier 1990 et novembre 2021. Deux investigateurs indépendants ont sélectionné les études transversales et longitudinales s’intéressant aux facteurs pronostiques précoces (< 12 semaines après l’apparition de la maladie) de la douleur, du score de sévérité du SDRC, de l’incapacité fonctionnelle, du retour au travail ou de la qualité de vie. L’outil QUIPS (Quality In Prognostic Studies) a été utilisé pour évaluer le risque de biais. Une métasynthèse qualitative a été réalisée.
Résultats : Sur 4 652 articles différents, six études répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Nous avons identifié 21 facteurs précoces associés à un pronostic défavorable dans le SDRC de type I. Six d’entre eux présentaient un niveau de preuves modéré : intensité de la douleur, incapacité fonctionnelle, anxiété, peur du mouvement (kinésiophobie), sexe féminin et intensité du traumatisme physique déclencheur. Seules deux études présentaient un risque de biais globalement faible.
Conclusions : Cette étude a révélé un manque important d’informations sur les facteurs pronostiques précoces dans le SDRC. Un seul article s’est intéressé au lien entre le risque de chronicité et les caractéristiques psychologiques. Il est indispensable de réaliser des études de plus grande envergure, avec une population bien définie et des mesures validées.
PROFITABILITAS, NILAI PERUSAHAAN DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN
Authors: Arlita I G A Desy , Budiadnyani Ni Putu , Dewi Putu Pande R. Aprilyani 
Published: December 2023

Peningkatan nilai perusahaan dipandang sebagai suatu pencapaian yang mencerminkan semakin meningkatnya kesejahteraan pemegang saham. Meningkatnya nilai perusahaan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya profitabilitas. Perusahaan yang profitabilitasnya tinggi menunjukan nilai perusahaan yang meningkat. Selain profitabilitas, investor seringkali memperhatikan kebijakan dividen. Karena kemampuan suatu perusahan dalam memberikan dividen kepada pemegang saham dapat menjadi indikator yang baik mengenai nilai perusahaan. Populasi yang diteliti meliputi perusahaan consumer goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018 hingga 2020. Penelitian ini mendapatkan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling dan sejumlah 76 perusahaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa profitabilitas berpengaruh positif pada nilai perusahaan. Kebijakan dividen memperlemah pengaruh profitabilitas pada nilai perusahaan
Association of Erythropoietin, Adiponectin and Leptin levels with Anemia in uremic diabetic patients (Under hemodialysis):
Authors: Al-Rubaâe Salim M. , Daoud Munaf S. , Al-Kadium Tahrir E. 
Published: December 2023

Background: End stage renal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus has been called a medical catastrophe of worldwide dimensions .It was recognized that anemia is a complication of diabetes, particularly in patients with diabetic kidney diseases. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether erythropoietin, adiponectin, and leptin levels correlate with anemia in uremic diabetic patients (under hemodialysis).Patients and Methods: The studied groups were comprised of (30) diabetic patients(9 patients with type1 and 21 type2 diabetes) with renal failure (group2) who had been under hemodialysis compared with (30) healthy controls (group1). Blood film was obtained in addition to blood tests include fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c), insulin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum erythropoietin (EPO), Adiponectin (ADPN),and leptin.Results: It was found that uremic diabetic patients in group2(G2) had higher FSG, A1c, insulin and higher levels of urea, creatinine, uric acid and lower levels of eGFR when compared to healthy controls (P <0.05). Anemia was confirmed in the diabetic patients by Hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) that were lower than healthy control (group1) (G1) (P<0.05).EPO, ADPN levels were increased in uremic diabetic patients as compared to control subjects (P <0.05). While, leptin levels were higher in type2 diabetes when compared to type1 diabetes and control subjects (group1) (P <0.05). There were positive significant correlations between (FSG and A1c), (Hb and Hct), (EPO and leptin), (EPO and Hct), (ADPN and urea). In addition there were significant negative correlations between (FSG and EPO), (A1c and leptin), (ADPN and leptin).Creatinine was negatively associated with Hb and Hct. ADPN was negativelyassociated with Hb in uremic diabetics.Conclusions: Anemia is a common accompaniment to diabetes, particularly in those with renal failure or under hemodialysis .Adipocytokines like leptin and adiponectin may involved with anemia in these patients. Leptin in the present study was positively associated with EPO levels (the hormone that stimulates red blood cells production in the bone marrow). ADPN was negatively associated with Hb. These elevated levels of ADPN may antagonize EPO and leptin to increase the hemopoiesis rate and Hb levels in uremic diabetic patients in addition to other factors involved with diabetes.
Longitudinal Associations Between Mild Behavioral Impairment, Sleep Disturbance, and Progression to Dementia
Authors: Mudalige Dinithi , Guan Dylan X. , Ghahremani Maryam , Ismail Zahinoor 
Published: December 2023

Background: Clinical guidelines recommend incorporating non-cognitive markers like mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and sleep disturbance (SD) into dementia screening to improve detection. Objective: We investigated the longitudinal associations between MBI, SD, and incident dementia. Methods: Participant data were from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center in the United States. MBI was derived from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) using a published algorithm. SD was determined using the NPI-Q nighttime behaviors item. Cox proportional hazard regressions with time-dependant variables for MBI, SD, and cognitive diagnosis were used to model associations between baseline 1) MBI and incident SD ( n = 11,277); 2) SD and incident MBI ( n = 10,535); 3) MBI with concurrent SD and incident dementia ( n = 13,544); and 4) MBI without concurrent SD and incident dementia ( n = 11,921). Models were adjusted for first-visit age, sex, education, cognitive diagnosis, race, and for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. Results: The rate of developing SD was 3.1-fold higher in older adults with MBI at baseline compared to those without MBI (95% CI: 2.8–3.3). The rate of developing MBI was 1.5-fold higher in older adults with baseline SD than those without SD (95% CI: 1.3–1.8). The rate of developing dementia was 2.2-fold greater in older adults with both MBI and SD, as opposed to SD alone (95% CI:1.9–2.6). Conclusions: There is a bidirectional relationship between MBI and SD. Older adults with SD develop dementia at higher rates when co-occurring with MBI. Future studies should explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships, and dementia screening may be improved by assessing for both MBI and SD.
Wake-Up Call to Address Sleep Health in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Underappreciated Contributor to Poor Quality of Life
Authors: Wang Elizabeth Y. , Armas-Phan Manuel , Meng Maxwell V. , Loeb Stacy , Kenfield Stacey A. , Porten Sima P. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Few studies have specifically examined sleep health in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Further study is warranted to inform future strategies in patients with NMIBC. OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe sleep health in a cohort of patients with NMIBC, and its relationship with quality of life (QOL). METHODS: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in patients undergoing surveillance for NMIBC. The validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep health (scores from 0-21) in the overall study population as well as stratified. We assessed QOL among participants with and without poor sleep quality using the SF-12 and QLQ-NMIBC-24. RESULTS: In a cohort of 94 NMIBC patients, median age was 67 years (IQR: 58, 72) and median time since initial diagnosis was 27 months (IQR: 9, 41). The mean PSQI score was 6.3 (SD: 3.8) and 64% percent of participants met or exceeded the PSQI cut-off score of 5, with a score of 5 or more indicating overall poor sleep quality. In those with poor sleep quality, there were statistically significant detriments in multiple QOL domains. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing surveillance for NMIBC, there is a substantial burden of sleep disturbances and resulting decrements in QOL. These data support the need for future interventions to support sleep quality and highlight the importance of addressing sleep health as part of NMIBC survivorship care to improve QOL in patients with NMIBC.
Monitoring Nusinersen Treatment Effects in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Quantitative Muscle MRI
Authors: Otto Louise A.M. , Froeling M. , van Eijk Ruben P.A. , Wadman Renske I. , Cuppen Inge , van der Woude Danny R. , Bartels Bart , Asselman Fay-Lynn , Hendrikse Jeroen , van der Pol W. Ludo 
Published: December 2023

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Intrathecal nusinersen treatment increases SMN protein in motor neurons and has been shown to improve motor function in symptomatic children with SMA. Objective: We used quantitative MRI to gain insight in microstructure and fat content of muscle during treatment and to explore its use as biomarker for treatment effect. Methods: We used a quantitative MRI protocol before start of treatment and following the 4th and 6th injection of nusinersen in 8 children with SMA type 2 and 3 during the first year of treatment. The MR protocol allowed DIXON, T2 mapping and diffusion tensor imaging acquisitions. We also assessed muscle strength and motor function scores. Results: Fat fraction of all thigh muscles with the exception of the m. adductor longus increased in all patients during treatment (+3.2%, p = 0.02). WaterT2 showed no significant changes over time (–0.7 ms, p = 0.3). DTI parameters MD and AD demonstrate a significant decrease in the hamstrings towards values observed in healthy muscle. Conclusions: Thigh muscles of children with SMA treated with nusinersen showed ongoing fatty infiltration and possible normalization of thigh muscle microstructure during the first year of nusinersen treatment. Quantitative muscle MRI shows potential as biomarker for the effects of SMA treatment strategies.
Analisis Kualitas Produksi Leaf Spring Type Volvo Dengan Metode Six Sigma Pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Maulana Zaki Fany , Ismiyah Elly , Wasiur Rizqi Akhmad 
Published: December 2023

PT.XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang manufacturing dengan salah satu produknya yaitu leaf spring. Berdasarkan data history perusahaan pada periode 1 Oktober 2022 hingga 31 Maret 2023 diketahui persentase terjadinya defect produk leaf spring tersebut sebesar 0.79%-1.10%, sedangkan standar perusahaan maksimal 0.50%. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis penyebab tingkat cacat pada proses produksi. Six sigma menjadi metode yang digunakan bersama untuk mengendalikan kualitas produk. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan, terdapat empat jenis cacat pada produksi yaitu cacat material, visualÂ not good, dan grinding surface not good. Hasil pada tahap measure diketahui bahwa tingkat sigma perusahaan sebesar 4.24 yang berarti sudah berada diatas nilai rata-rata perusahaan Indonesia. Dari hasil perhitungan yang disajikan pada diagam pareto diketahui bahwa cacat visual not good memiliki nilai kumulatif yang paling tinggi yaitu 41.6%. Penyebab terjadinya defect yang didapat dari brainstorming dikarenakan area kerja kurang nyaman, penyimpanan bekas kaleng cat tercampur dengan material lain, raw material terkena oli, pengerjaan tidak memerhatikan SOP, skill pekerja tidak merata, dan kondisi mesin yang tidak prima. Pembersihan setiap proses produksi mulai dari bahan mentah hingga produk jadi, penekanan pada SOP, penjadwalan pemeliharaan preventif pada setiap mesin, dan pelatihan pekerja secara berkala merupakan solusi yang disarankan untuk mengatasi cacat tersebut.
Analisis Penerapan Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu dan Shitsuke di Departement Open Store PT XYZ
Authors: Rizkina Arifin Rifki , Andesta Deny 
Published: December 2023

Departement Open Store Pada PT XYZ yang merupakan tempat penyimpanan persediaan barang material sebelum barang material tersebut digunakan atau dikeluarkan memiliki beberapa aktifitas. Beberapa aktifitas yang terdapat pada Departement Open Store yaitu penerimaan, penyimpanan dan pengeluaran barang material. Lingkungan kerja fisik yang ada di Departement Open Store memiliki kondisi cenderung yang kurang bersih. Permasalahan kebersihan dalam suatu lingkungan kerja utamanya lingkungan gudang merupakan permasalahan yang harus di perhatikan secara intens. Hal ini di karenakan lingkungan kerja fisik berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan dan kelancaran proses penataan dan pengeluaran barang material. Lingkungan kerja fisik yang kurang rapi dan kotor dapat mengakibatkan beberapa hal seperti akses pengeluaran dan penataan material terhambat. Berdasarkan penelitian di Departement Open store PT XYZ terkait masalah-masalah pada kondisi nyata mulai dari kebersihan, kerapian dan lain-lain. Tujuan penelitian yang hendak di capai sebagai Â Mengidentifikasi Indikator penerapan 5S di Departement Open Store PT XYZ, Â Memberikan usulan penerapan 5S di Departement Open Store di PT XYZ. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan Â yang telah dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan dari grafik tersebut, dapat menyimpulkan bahwa departement Open store belum menarapkan 5S dengan maksimal. Â Kesimpulan yang dapat diberikan pada penelitian ini yaitu terdapat beberapa indikator yang mempengaruhi 5S pada gudang. lingkungan kerja yang baik sangat penting dalam memotivasi karyawan dan mendorong kinerja yang lebih baik. Lingkungan kerja yang buruk dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan kerja dan menghambat produktivitas. Terdapat usulan perbaikan yang diberikan guna mendukung berjalannya budaya 5S yaitu memudahkan karyawan mengimplementasikan budaya 5S, dan membantu perusahaan untuk memantau implementasi budaya 5S.Kata Kunci : Gudang, Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke.
Introduction
Authors: Heinen Sandra , Mikowski Sylvie , Pettitt Lance , Rennhak Katharina 
Published: December 2023

RISE 6.2 offers new perspectives on the Irish border. Bringing together contributions from different disciplines and cultural fields – history, political science, film studies, constitutional law and the theatre – it seeks to provide a multifaceted and complex discussion of a phenomenon that is all too often simplified in the political discourse before and after the 2016 Brexit referendum. Following the agenda suggested by the short film-essay Hard Border (2018), directed by Juliet Riddell and performed by Stephen Rea, this themed issue of RISE approaches the Irish border by differentiating between internal and external – Irish and Northern Irish, British and continental – perspectives and by exploring historical dimensions as well as contemporary engagements with a border whose increasing (discursive and material) invisibility following the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement of 1998 has been crucial to the ongoing peace process.
Kajian Persepsi Dan Sikap Petani Dalam Pengembangan Sistem Pemasaran Kontrak di Gapoktan Tani Makmur Kelurahan Lingkar Selatan Kecamatan Paal Merah Kota Jambi
Authors: Kemala Nida , Alhafizh Tengku Yaasir 
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted in the Lingkar Selatan Sub-District, Paal Merah District, Jambi City. Some of the objectives in this study were to describe the contract marketing system, perceptions and attitudes of farmers towards the contract marketing system, and to analyze the relationship between perceptions and attitudes of farmers towards the contract marketing system at Farmer group ”Tani Makmur”. Collected 47 farmers as a samples from 87 populations was taken by proportional random sampling method. To see the relationship between perceptions and attitudes, the Chi Square test was used. The results showed that in this farmer group, there was still only one farmer group that implemented this contract marketing system, namely Rizqy's group. This system had been going on since November 2020. The mechanism for determining the agreement was carried out by 2 parties, namely farmers and food entrepreneurs. This agreement concerns to the type of commodity (lettuce), the duration of the contract, the quantity of requested product supply, the price and the transaction system. 35 farmers (74.48%) have a positive perception and 12 farmers (24.54%) farmers have a negative perception toward to this contract marketing system. Based on attitude, there were 32 farmers (68.08%) who had a supportive attitude and 15 farmers (31.92%) who did not support the contract marketing system. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a strong relationship between perceptions and attitudes of farmers towards to the contract marketing system.
Nilai Tukar Subsisten Dan Kesejahteraan Petani Kelapa di Desa Teluk Ketapang Kecamatan Senyerang Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat
Authors: Kemala Nida , Maulana Kholik 
Published: December 2023

This study was carried out in Teluk Ketapang Village, Senyerang District, Tanjung Jabung Barat. It used a survey method which the number of samples taken were 37 farmers. The aimed of this reseach were to describe the coconut farming, to analyze the subsistence exchange rate of the and to know the welfare of coconut. This study informed that the planting was done of 9x9x9 meters as a distance . Farmers applied fertilization (NPK and Urea) and sprayed with herbicides ( gramaxone and round-up), The collecting coconut products were sold to middlemens. The Subsistence Exchange Rate was 0.70 (0.70 < 1), and it means that the revenue of coconut farming was not enough to meet the total expenditure costs of the farmers (both for input of coconut farming and consumtion expenditure). So it can be classified as unwelfare.