bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, fabrication, and measurement of a miniaturized MIMO antenna applicable for 5G communication
Authors: Bhattacharya Ankan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe design of low-profile Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas for various 5G applications is a topic of huge interest in academia, research, and telecommunication sector. In this aspect, a compact and low-profile 5G MIMO antenna has been designed and analyzed for various 5G applications, specifically for the 24 GHz bands (24.25–24.45 GHz and 25.05–25.25 GHz) and local multipoint distribution system band (27.5–28.35 GHz) of the 5G spectrum. The proposed antenna structure is 20 × 20 × 1 mm3 in dimension. Two spade-shaped radiators composed of Copper (annealed) material are placed orthogonally to improve isolation and maintain signal diversity. Rogers RT 5880 is used as the material for substrate. The antenna exhibits a wide bandwidth of 21.5–28.5 GHz. The mutual isolation |S21| has been maintained ≤29 dB due to the insertion of a T-shaped parasitic strip in between the radiating elements. Novelty in design and superiority in performance has been observed when compared with related antenna categories.
Synergien stärken Behandlungsqualität
Authors: Kloos Victoria-Fabiola , Rached Imane Henni , Ledtermann Ivonne 
Published: January 2024

Was ist zu dem Thema bekannt? Synergien im aufsuchenden gerontopsychiatrischen Setting zeichnen sich durch kooperative Zusammenarbeit und Kollaborationen zwischen den verschiedenen Schnittstellenpartnern und Professionen aus. Internationale Studien zeigen die Wirksamkeit und die Bedeutung für die Gesundheitsversorgung von älteren Menschen. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Der Artikel versucht einen Überblick über Synergieeffekte im aufsuchenden gerontopsychiatrischen Setting zu generieren. Die theoretischen Ausführungen können für weiterführende Überlegungen im Hinblick auf zukünftige aufsuchende Versorgungsangebote dienen. Was sind die Auswirkungen auf die Praxis? Dadurch kann eine erste Annäherung einer kritisch-konstruktiven Diskussion über Chancen und Herausforderungen der aufsuchenden gerontopsychiatrischen Versorgung angeregt werden.
Impact of perinatal administration of probiotics on immune cell composition in neonatal mice
Authors: Rühle Jessica , Schwarz Julian , Dietz Stefanie , Rückle Xenia , Schoppmeier Ulrich , Lajqi Trim , Poets Christian F. , Gille Christian , Köstlin-Gille Natascha 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Newborns and especially preterm infants are much more susceptible to infections than adults. The pathogens causing infections in newborns are often detectable in the intestinal flora of affected children even before disease onset. Therefore, it seems reasonable to prevent dysbiosis in newborns and preterm infants. An approach followed in many neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is to prevent infections in preterm infants with probiotics however their mechanisms of action of probiotics are incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the effect of perinatal probiotic exposure on immune cells in newborn mice.

Methods
Pregnant mice were orally treated with a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum (Infloran®) from mid-pregnancy until the offspring were harvested. Immune cell composition in organs of the offspring were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results
Perinatal probiotic exposure had profound effects on immune cell composition in the intestine, liver and lungs of newborn mice with reduction of myeloid and B cells and induction of T cells in the probiotic treated animals’ organs at weaning. Furthermore, probiotic exposure had an effect on T cell development in the thymus.

Conclusion
Our results contribute to a better understanding of the interaction of probiotics with the developing immune system.

Impact

probiotics have profound effects on immune cell composition in intestines, livers and lungs of newborn mice.

probiotics modulate T cell development in thymus of newborn mice.

effects of probiotics on neonatal immune cells are particularly relevant in transition phases of the microbiome.

our results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of probiotics in newborns.
Genetic evidence for causal effects of immune dysfunction in psychiatric disorders: where are we?
Authors: Iakunchykova Olena , Leonardsen Esten H. , Wang Yunpeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe question of whether immune dysfunction contributes to risk of psychiatric disorders has long been a subject of interest. To assert this hypothesis a plethora of correlative evidence has been accumulated from the past decades; however, a variety of technical and practical obstacles impeded on a cause-effect interpretation of these data. With the advent of large-scale omics technology and advanced statistical models, particularly Mendelian randomization, new studies testing this old hypothesis are accruing. Here we synthesize these new findings from genomics and genetic causal inference studies on the role of immune dysfunction in major psychiatric disorders and reconcile these new data with pre-omics findings. By reconciling these evidences, we aim to identify key gaps and propose directions for future studies in the field.
CTRP3 alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress injury in pathological cardiac hypertrophy by activating UPRmt via the SIRT1/ATF5 axis
Authors: Shi Lei , Tan Yanzhen , Zheng Wenying , Cao Guojie , Zhou Haitao , Li Panpan , Cui Jun , Song Yujie , Feng Lele , Li Hong , Shan Wenju , Zhang Bing , Yi Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPathological cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for heart failure. Disruption of mitochondrial protein homeostasis plays a key role in pathological cardiac hypertrophy; however, the mechanism of maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial protein homeostasis in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Wildtype (WT) mice, knockout mice, and mice transfected with lentivirus overexpressing mouse C1q-tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP3) underwent transverse aortic constriction or sham surgery. After 4 weeks, cardiac function, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress injury were examined. For mechanistic studies, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with small interfering RNA or overexpression plasmids for the relevant genes. CTRP3 overexpression attenuated transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress injury compared to that in WT mice. TAC or Ang II resulted in compensatory activation of UPRmt, but this was not sufficient to counteract pathologic cardiac hypertrophy. CTRP3 overexpression further induced activation of UPRmt during pathologic cardiac hypertrophy and thereby alleviated pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, whereas CTRP3 knockout or knockdown inhibited UPRmt. ATF5 was a key regulatory molecule of UPRmt, as ATF5 knockout prevented the cardioprotective effect of CTRP3 in TAC mice. In vitro, SIRT1 was identified as a possible downstream CTRP3 effector molecule, and SIRT1 knockout blocked the cardioprotective effects of CTRP3. Our results also suggest that ATF5 may be regulated by SIRT1. Our study demonstrates that CTRP3 activates UPRmt via the SIRT1/ATF5 axis under pathological myocardial hypertrophy, thus attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress injury.
Generation of a new therapeutic d-peptide that induces the differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells through A TLR-2 signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Fei , Chen Yingshi , Zhou Mo , Liu Lingling , Liu Bingfeng , Liu Jun , Pan Ting , Luo Yuewen , Zhang Xu , Ou Hailan , Huang Wenjing , Lv Xi , Xi Zhihui , Xiao Ruozhi , Li Wenyu , Cao Lixue , Ma Xiancai , Zhang Jingwen , Lu Lijuan , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells. Differentiation therapy is emerging as an important treatment modality for leukemia, given its less toxicity and wider applicable population, but the arsenal of differentiation-inducing agents is still very limited. In this study, we adapted a competitive peptide phage display platform to search for candidate peptides that could functionally induce human leukemia cell differentiation. A monoclonal phage (P6) and the corresponding peptide (pep-P6) were identified. Both l- and d-chirality of pep-P6 showed potent efficiency in inducing AML cell line differentiation, driving their morphologic maturation and upregulating the expression of macrophage markers and cytokines, including CD11b, CD14, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. In the THP-1 xenograft animal model, administration of d-pep-P6 was effective in inhibiting disease progression. Importantly, exposure to d-pep-P6 induced the differentiation of primary human leukemia cells isolated AML patients in a similar manner to the AML cell lines. Further mechanism study suggested that d-pep-P6 induced human leukemia cell differentiation by directly activating a TLR-2 signaling pathway. These findings identify a novel d-peptide that may promote leukemia differentiation therapy.
Microbial decomposition of biodegradable plastics on the deep-sea floor
Authors: Omura Taku , Isobe Noriyuki , Miura Takamasa , Ishii Shun’ichi , Mori Mihoko , Ishitani Yoshiyuki , Kimura Satoshi , Hidaka Kohei , Komiyama Katsuya , Suzuki Miwa , Kasuya Ken-ichi , Nomaki Hidetaka , Nakajima Ryota , Tsuchiya Masashi , Kawagucci Shinsuke , Mori Hiroyuki , Nakayama Atsuyoshi , Kunioka Masao , Kamino Kei , Iwata Tadahisa 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrobes can decompose biodegradable plastics on land, rivers and seashore. However, it is unclear whether deep-sea microbes can degrade biodegradable plastics in the extreme environmental conditions of the seafloor. Here, we report microbial decomposition of representative biodegradable plastics (polyhydroxyalkanoates, biodegradable polyesters, and polysaccharide esters) at diverse deep-sea floor locations ranging in depth from 757 to 5552 m. The degradation of samples was evaluated in terms of weight loss, reduction in material thickness, and surface morphological changes. Poly(l-lactic acid) did not degrade at either shore or deep-sea sites, while other biodegradable polyesters, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and polysaccharide esters were degraded. The rate of degradation slowed with water depth. We analysed the plastic-associated microbial communities by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomics. Several dominant microorganisms carried genes potentially encoding plastic-degrading enzymes such as polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerases and cutinases/polyesterases. Analysis of available metagenomic datasets indicated that these microorganisms are present in other deep-sea locations. Our results confirm that biodegradable plastics can be degraded by the action of microorganisms on the deep-sea floor, although with much less efficiency than in coastal settings.
A renal clearable fluorogenic probe for in vivo β-galactosidase activity detection during aging and senolysis
Authors: Rojas-Vázquez Sara , Lozano-Torres Beatriz , García-Fernández Alba , Galiana Irene , Perez-Villalba Ana , Martí-Rodrigo Pablo , Palop M. José , Domínguez Marcia , Orzáez Mar , Sancenón Félix , Blandez Juan F. , Fariñas Isabel , Martínez-Máñez Ramón 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAccumulation of senescent cells with age leads to tissue dysfunction and related diseases. Their detection in vivo still constitutes a challenge in aging research. We describe the generation of a fluorogenic probe (sulfonic-Cy7Gal) based on a galactose derivative, to serve as substrate for β-galactosidase, conjugated to a Cy7 fluorophore modified with sulfonic groups to enhance its ability to diffuse. When administered to male or female mice, β-galactosidase cleaves the O-glycosidic bond, releasing the fluorophore that is ultimately excreted by the kidneys and can be measured in urine. The intensity of the recovered fluorophore reliably reflects an experimentally controlled load of cellular senescence and correlates with age-associated anxiety during aging and senolytic treatment. Interestingly, our findings with the probe indicate that the effects of senolysis are temporary if the treatment is discontinued. Our strategy may serve as a basis for developing fluorogenic platforms designed for easy longitudinal monitoring of enzymatic activities in biofluids.
Quantum octets in high mobility pentagonal two-dimensional PdSe2
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Tian Haidong , Li Huaixuan , Yoon Chiho , Nelson Ryan A. , Li Ziling , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Smirnov Dmitry , Kawakami Roland K. , Goldberger Joshua E. , Zhang Fan , Lau Chun Ning 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) materials have drawn immense interests in scientific and technological communities, owing to their extraordinary properties and their tunability by gating, proximity, strain and external fields. For electronic applications, an ideal 2D material would have high mobility, air stability, sizable band gap, and be compatible with large scale synthesis. Here we demonstrate air stable field effect transistors using atomically thin few-layer PdSe2 sheets that are sandwiched between hexagonal BN (hBN), with large saturation current > 350 μA/μm, and high field effect mobilities of ~ 700 and 10,000 cm2/Vs at 300 K and 2 K, respectively. At low temperatures, magnetotransport studies reveal unique octets in quantum oscillations that persist at all densities, arising from 2-fold spin and 4-fold valley degeneracies, which can be broken by in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields toward quantum Hall spin and orbital ferromagnetism.
Human coronavirus OC43-elicited CD4+ T cells protect against SARS-CoV-2 in HLA transgenic mice
Authors: dos Santos Alves Rúbens Prince , Timis Julia , Miller Robyn , Valentine Kristen , Pinto Paolla Beatriz Almeida , Gonzalez Andrew , Regla-Nava Jose Angel , Maule Erin , Nguyen Michael N. , Shafee Norazizah , Landeras-Bueno Sara , Olmedillas Eduardo , Laffey Brett , Dobaczewska Katarzyna , Mikulski Zbigniew , McArdle Sara , Leist Sarah R. , Kim Kenneth , Baric Ralph S. , Ollmann Saphire Erica , Elong Ngono Annie , Shresta Sujan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells are detected in some healthy unexposed individuals. Human studies indicate these T cells could be elicited by the common cold coronavirus OC43. To directly test this assumption and define the role of OC43-elicited T cells that are cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2, we develop a model of sequential infections with OC43 followed by SARS-CoV-2 in HLA-B*0702 and HLA-DRB1*0101 Ifnar1−/− transgenic mice. We find that OC43 infection can elicit polyfunctional CD8+ and CD4+ effector T cells that cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 peptides. Furthermore, pre-exposure to OC43 reduces subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease in the lung for a short-term in HLA-DRB1*0101 Ifnar1−/− transgenic mice, and a longer-term in HLA-B*0702 Ifnar1−/− transgenic mice. Depletion of CD4+ T cells in HLA-DRB1*0101 Ifnar1−/− transgenic mice with prior OC43 exposure results in increased viral burden in the lung but no change in virus-induced lung damage following infection with SARS-CoV-2 (versus CD4+ T cell-sufficient mice), demonstrating that the OC43-elicited SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cell-mediated cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 is partially dependent on CD4+ T cells. These findings contribute to our understanding of the origin of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells and their effects on SARS-CoV-2 clinical outcomes, and also carry implications for development of broadly protective betacoronavirus vaccines.
Modeling critical thermoelectric transports driven by band broadening and phonon softening
Authors: Zhao Kunpeng , Yue Zhongmou , Wuliji Hexige , Chen Hongyi , Deng Tingting , Lei Jingdan , Qiu Pengfei , Chen Lidong , Shi Xun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCritical phenomena are one of the most captivating areas of modern physics, whereas the relevant experimental and theoretical studies are still very challenging. Particularly, the underlying mechanism behind the anomalous thermoelectric properties during critical phase transitions remains elusive, i.e., the current theoretical models for critical electrical transports are either qualitative or solely focused on a specific transport parameter. Herein, we develop a quantitative theory to model the electrical transports during critical phase transitions by incorporating both the band broadening effect and carrier-soft TO phonon interactions. It is found that the band-broadening effect contributes an additional term to Seebeck coefficient, while the carrier—soft TO phonon interactions greatly affects both electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient. The universality and validity of our model are well confirmed by experimental data. Furthermore, the features of critical phase transitions are effectively tuned. For example, alloying S in Cu2Se can reduce the phase transition temperature but increase the phase transition parameter b. The maximum thermoelectric figure of merit zT is pushed to a high value of 1.3 at the critical point (377 K), which is at least twice as large as those of normal static phases. This work not only provides a clear picture of the critical electrical transports but also presents new guidelines for future studies in this exciting area.
Boosting the electron beam transmittance of field emission cathode using a self-charging gate
Authors: Xiao Dongyang , Du Huanhuan , Sun Leimeng , Suo Xiaochen , Wang Yurong , Zhang Yili , Zhang Shaolin , Kuang Shuangyang , Hu Fangjing , Tu Liangcheng , Yu Daren , Song Peiyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe gate-type carbon nanotubes cathodes exhibit advantages in long-term stable emission owing to the uniformity of electrical field on the carbon nanotubes, but the gate inevitably reduces the transmittance of electron beam, posing challenges for system stabilities. In this work, we introduce electron beam focusing technique using the self-charging SiNx/Au/Si gate. The potential of SiNx is measured to be approximately −60 V quickly after the cathode turning on, the negative potential can be maintained as the emission goes on. The charged surface generates rebounding electrostatic forces on the following electrons, significantly focusing the electron beam on the center of gate hole and allowing them to pass through gate with minimal interceptions. An average transmittance of 96.17% is observed during 550 hours prototype test, the transmittance above 95% is recorded for the cathode current from 2.14 μA to 3.25 mA with the current density up to 17.54 mA cm−2.
O-glycosylation of the transcription factor SPATULA promotes style development in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jiang Yuxiang , Curran-French Seamus , Koh Samuel W. H. , Jamil Iqra , Gu Benguo , Argirò Luca , Lopez Sergio G. , Martins Carlo , Saalbach Gerhard , Moubayidin Laila 
Published: January 2024

AbstractO-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) and O-fucose are two sugar-based post-translational modifications whose mechanistic role in plant signalling and transcriptional regulation is still largely unknown. Here we investigated how two O-glycosyltransferase enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana, SPINDLY (SPY) and SECRET AGENT (SEC), promote the activity of the basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor SPATULA (SPT) during morphogenesis of the plant female reproductive organ apex, the style. SPY and SEC modify amino-terminal residues of SPT in vivo and in vitro by attaching O-fucose and O-GlcNAc, respectively. This post-translational regulation does not impact SPT homo- and heterodimerization events, although it enhances the affinity of SPT for the kinase PINOID gene locus and its transcriptional repression. Our findings offer a mechanistic example of the effect of O-GlcNAc and O-fucose on the activity of a plant transcription factor and reveal previously unrecognized roles for SEC and SPY in orchestrating style elongation and shape.
Absence of 3a0 charge density wave order in the infinite-layer nickelate NdNiO2
Authors: Parzyck C. T. , Gupta N. K. , Wu Y. , Anil V. , Bhatt L. , Bouliane M. , Gong R. , Gregory B. Z. , Luo A. , Sutarto R. , He F. , Chuang Y.-D. , Zhou T. , Herranz G. , Kourkoutis L. F. , Singer A. , Schlom D. G. , Hawthorn D. G. , Shen K. M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA hallmark of many unconventional superconductors is the presence of many-body interactions that give rise to broken-symmetry states intertwined with superconductivity. Recent resonant soft X-ray scattering experiments report commensurate 3a0 charge density wave order in infinite-layer nickelates, which has important implications regarding the universal interplay between charge order and superconductivity in both cuprates and nickelates. Here we present X-ray scattering and spectroscopy measurements on a series of NdNiO2+x samples, which reveal that the signatures of charge density wave order are absent in fully reduced, single-phase NdNiO2. The 3a0 superlattice peak instead originates from a partially reduced impurity phase where excess apical oxygens form ordered rows with three-unit-cell periodicity. The absence of any observable charge density wave order in NdNiO2 highlights a crucial difference between the phase diagrams of cuprate and nickelate superconductors.
Rural Indonesian adolescents’ smoking behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: rapid survey and cotinine test of school-attend adolescents in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Ekawati Fitriana Murriya , Novitasari Dhiana Ayu , Putri Dwi Astuti Dharma , Fitriyani Novi , Ihyauddin Zulfikar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is predicted to affect adolescent smoking behaviours. We aim to map profiles of adolescents’ smoking behaviours in a rural district in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic and validate their smoking exposures using cotinine tests. This study applied an online survey followed by cotinine tests for high-school students in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The participants were asked to complete the survey and participate in a cotinine test. Univariate and multivariate regressions were performed to seek potential determinants of the smoking status and diagnostic accuracy of the cotinine test. A total of 281 participants completed the survey, with 19.6% (n = 55) and 22.8% (n = 64) being ever-smokers and current smokers. The impacts of the pandemics on their smoking behaviours were found in the urgency and numbers of daily smoked cigarettes. Univariate regression analysis revealed age, gender, learning mode, and whether father/friend smokes correlate with the adolescents’ smoking behaviours. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the odds of planning to stop smoking were 0.01 (95% CI 0.001–0.22, p-value 0.003) for having positive attitudes towards cigarettes compared to none. Of the 65 cotinine tests, 19 tested positive, with the sensitivity and specificity of the cotinine test at 94.7% and 95.6%. The prevalence of adolescent smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic in Gunung Kidul is high, with the impacts of the pandemic on the urgency and number of cigarette smoke. There are opportunities to help them stop smoking by providing reliable quit-tobacco access and advocacy in collaboration with schools, parents, and health providers.