bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of eye strain with dry eye and retinal thickness
Authors: Ayaki Masahiko , Kuze Manami , Negishi Kazuno 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this cohort study was to investigate the association between the prevalence of abnormal ocular examination results and the common visual symptoms of eye strain, blurred vision and photophobia.

Methods
Consecutive first-visit outpatients with best-corrected visual acuity better than 20/30 in both eyes were enrolled and those with a history of intra-ocular lens implantation and glaucoma were excluded. Dry eye-related examinations and retinal thickness measurement were conducted. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated with logistic regression analyses of ocular data in relation to the presence of visual symptoms.

Results
A total of 6078 patients (3920 women, mean age 49.0 ± 20.4 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of each symptom was 31.8% for eye strain, 22.5% for blurred vision and 16.0% for photophobia. A significant risk factor for eye strain was short tear break-up time (TBUT) (OR 1.88), superficial punctate keratitis (SPK) (OR 1.44), and thickness of ganglion cell complex (GCC) (OR 1.30). Risk factors for blurred vision were short TBUT (OR 1.85), SPK (OR 1.24) and GCC (OR 0.59). Risk factors for photophobia were short TBUT (OR 1.77) and SPK (OR 1.32). Schirmer test value, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness and full macular thickness were not associated with the tested symptoms.

Conclusion
The current study successfully identified female gender, short TBUT, and SPK as significant risk factors for eye strain, blurred vision, and photophobia with considerable ORs.
A cross-sectional examination of post-myocardial infarction physical activity levels among US rural and urban residents: Findings from the 2017–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Tran Phoebe , Barroso Cristina , Tran Liem 
Published: October 2023

Background
This study sought to examine the relationship between rural residence and physical activity levels among US myocardial infarction (MI) survivors.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using nationally representative Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys from 2017 and 2019. We determined the survey-weighted percentage of rural and urban MI survivors meeting US physical activity guidelines. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between rural/urban residence and meeting physical activity guidelines, accounting for sociodemographic factors.

Results
Our study included 22,732 MI survivors (37.3% rural residents). The percentage of rural MI survivors meeting physical activity guidelines (37.4%, 95% CI: 35.1%-39.7%) was significantly less than their urban counterparts (45.6%, 95% CI: 44.0%-47.2%). Rural residence was associated with a 28.8% (95% CI: 20.0%-36.7%) lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines, with this changing to a 19.3% (95% CI: 9.3%-28.3%) lower odds after adjustment for sociodemographic factors.

Conclusions
A significant rural/urban disparity in physical activity levels exists among US MI survivors. Our findings support the need for further efforts to improve physical activity levels among rural MI survivors as part of successful secondary prevention in US high-MI burden rural areas.
Rozmowa z Jerzym Hoffmanem
Authors: Krupnyk Liubov 
Published: October 2023

An interview with the Polish film director Jerzy Hoffman was recorded on 11–12 July 2022 at his estate in the village of Sikory Yuskie in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Jerzy Hoffman is perhaps the most popular Polish film director in Ukraine. His films gained recognition even before Ukraine gained independence. However, his most notable work is Ogniem i mieczem [With Fire and Sword, 1999], which starred the great Ukrainian actor Bohdan Stupka (1941–2012) as Hetman Bohdan Chmielnicki. The collaboration continued in the film The Old Tale. When the Sun Was a God (2003). In 2008 Jerzy Hoffman made a four-part documentary film Ukraine. The Birth of a Nation.
The conversation touched on issues related to these films, completed and unrealized projects on Ukraine, reflections on the history of Polish-Ukrainian relations and the role of Jerzy Hoffmann’s work in establishing them. As a filmmaker who closely follows events in Ukraine, he shared his impressions and predictions about how the ongoing war will change and transform Ukraine and the world.
High‐fat diet increases electron transfer flavoprotein synthesis and lipid respiration in skeletal muscle during exercise training in female mice
Authors: Batterson Philip M. , McGowan Erin M. , Borowik Agnieszka K. , Kinter Michael T. , Miller Benjamin F. , Newsom Sean A. , Robinson Matthew M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh‐fat diet (HFD) and exercise remodel skeletal muscle mitochondria. The electron transfer flavoproteins (ETF) transfer reducing equivalents from β‐oxidation into the electron transfer system. Exercise may stimulate the synthesis of ETF proteins to increase lipid respiration. We determined mitochondrial remodeling for lipid respiration through ETF in the context of higher mitochondrial abundance/capacity seen in female mice. We hypothesized HFD would be a greater stimulus than exercise to remodel ETF and lipid pathways through increased protein synthesis alongside increased lipid respiration. Female C57BL/6J mice (n = 15 per group) consumed HFD or low‐fat diet (LFD) for 4 weeks then remained sedentary (SED) or completed 8 weeks of treadmill training (EX). We determined mitochondrial lipid respiration, RNA abundance, individual protein synthesis, and abundance for ETFα, ETFβ, and ETF dehydrogenase (ETFDH). HFD increased absolute and relative lipid respiration (p = 0.018 and p = 0.034) and RNA abundance for ETFα (p = 0.026), ETFβ (p = 0.003), and ETFDH (p = 0.0003). HFD increased synthesis for ETFα and ETFDH (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.002). EX increased synthesis of ETFβ and ETFDH (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006). Higher synthesis rates of ETF were not always reflected in greater protein abundance. Greater synthesis of ETF during HFD indicates mitochondrial remodeling which may contribute higher mitochondrial lipid respiration through enhanced ETF function.
Combined CFD and Heat Treatment Simulation of High-Pressure Gas Quenching Process
Authors: Heinz P. , Juckelandt K. , Lutz S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
To improve the process development for high pressure gas quenching a digital quenching simulation model combining the fields of computational fluid dynamics and heat treatment process simulation has been developed. It was found that the gas flow and hence the quenching properties depend on both local (geometry of parts, carrier and chamber) as well as global influencing factors (fan characteristics, system pressure and hydraulic resistances). Therefore, a computational fluid dynamics model that includes all these factors was realized. The approach includes a heat transfer analysis to determine the local heat exchange coefficients on a component level. By connecting the computational fluid dynamics model and heat treatment simulation the local quenching characteristics are used to compute the temperature history of the quenched part. Based on a thermo-metallurgical heat treatment simulation the computed local cooling curves and metallurgical phase compositions are used to accurately predict the part properties like microstructure and hardness. The applicability of the model has been confirmed by hardness measurements.
Hardness results for different batch positions, batch setups or tray systems can now be computed enabling an efficient virtual development of the gas quenching process.
A case-control study of early-stage radiological markers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular findings in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta: genotype–phenotype correlations
Authors: Evin Ferda , Aydın Derya , Levent Ertürk , Özen Samim , Darcan Şükran , Gökşen Damla 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease caused by defective collagen synthesis. Collagen type 1 is found in many structures in the cardiovascular system. Endothelial dysfunction, which develops prior to the emergence of structural and clinical signs of atherosclerosis, is believed to play a key role in atherogenesis. Endothelial dysfunction may be detected presymptomatically by non-invasive radiologic methods, such as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). These modalities may provide early indicators of endothelial dysfunction. This cross-sectional comparative study aimed to investigate early-stage radiological markers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases in OI patients and healthy controls and to investigate the correlation of findings with OI genotype.

Methods
Thirty patients diagnosed with OI were paired with thirty healthy age- and gender-matched controls and echocardiogram findings were compared.

Results
None of the patients had known underlying cardiovascular disease. The mean age was 13.18 ± 2.91 years. According to Sillence classification, 15 patients had type 1 OI, 10 had type III, and 5 had type IV. Mean CIMT in the OI group was higher in the control group (OI group: 0.42 ± 0.06 vs. healthy controls: 0.34 ± 0.04 mm, p<0.01), and mean FMD percent was lower in the patient group (p<0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction was 78.97 ± 10.32 vs. 77.56 ± 8.50 %, (OI group: 7.00 ± 3.06 vs. healthy controls: 12.14 ± 1.99, p=0.56), and fractional shortening was 42.68 ± 11.94 vs. 40.23 ± 7.99 %, (p=0.35), in OI patients and controls, respectively.

Conclusions
Pediatric patients with OI without clinical signs of cardiovascular abnormality had significantly worse CIMT and FMD findings than healthy controls. However, no difference was determined when comparing left ventricular ejection fraction or fractional shortening. OI patients may need to be screened for cardiovascular system complications starting from an early age.
Cascaded domain engineering optical phased array for 2D beam steering
Authors: Li Jingwei , Zheng Huaibin , He Yuchen , Liu Yanyan , Wei Xiaoyong , Xu Zhuo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The current approach to 2D optical phased array (OPA) encounters challenges, such as the requirement for a highly tunable laser that is incompatible with certain 2D beam-steering applications or significant power consumption, large antenna spacing and complex wiring resulting from independent control of array elements. To address these challenges, we propose an OPA architecture based on cascaded periodically poled LiNbO3 sequences, a multi-layered domains engineered structure within the LiNbO3 electro-optic crystal, only two control electronics to program the 2D beam-steering trajectory with a range of approximately θ

y
= ±20° and θ

z
= ±16° through simulations. This structure enables the uniform distribution of phase differences between adjacent array elements (adjacent domains) upon beam exit from the crystal, ensuring optimal performance. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology that employs domain engineering techniques for designing high-performance phase-controlled devices with customized functional units and sequences in electro-optical crystals. Our research has implications for emerging optoelectronic applications, such as customizable optical interconnects and integrated LiDAR systems.
Atomistic polarization model for Raman scattering simulations of large metal tips with atomic-scale protrusions at the tip apex
Authors: Cui Jie , Zhang Yao , Dong Zhen-Chao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has recently been developed to push the spatial resolution down to single-chemical-bond scale. The morphology of the scanning tip, especially the atomistic protrusion at the tip apex, plays an essential role in obtaining both high spatial resolution and large field enhancement at the Ångström level. Although it is very difficult to directly characterize the atomistic structures of the tip, the Raman scattering from the apex’s own vibrations of the metal tip can provide valuable information about the stacking of atoms at the tip apex. However, conventional quantum chemistry packages can only simulate the Raman scattering of small metal clusters with few atoms due to huge computational cost, which is not enough since the shaft of the tip behind the apex also makes significant contributions to the polarizabilities of the whole tip. Here we propose an atomistic polarization model to simulate the Raman spectra of large metal tips at subwavelength scales based on the combination of the atomistic discrete dipole approximation model and the density functional theory. The atomistic tip with different sizes and stacking structures is considered in its entirety during the calculation of polarizabilities, and only the vibrational contributions from the tip apex are taken into account to simulate the Raman spectra of the tip. The Raman spectral features are found to be very sensitive to the local constituent element at the tip apex, atomic stacking modes, and shape of the tip apex, which can thus be used as a fingerprint to identify different atomistic structures of the tip apex. Moreover, our approaches can be extended to the metal tips with sub-wavelength sizes, making it possible to consider both the large scale and the atomistic detail of the tip simultaneously. The method presented here can be used as a basic tool to simulate the Raman scattering process of the metal tips and other nanostructures in an economic way, which is beneficial for understanding the roles of atomistic structures in tip- and surface-enhanced spectroscopies.
Reconfigurable nonlinear losses of nanomaterial covered waveguides
Authors: Davletkhanov Ayvaz , Mkrtchyan Aram , Bunkov Alexey , Chermoshentsev Dmitry , Shashkov Mikhail , Ilatovskii Daniil , Krasnikov Dmitry , Nasibulin Albert , Gladush Yuriy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Optical waveguides covered with thin films, which transmittance can be controlled by external action, are widely used in various applications from optical modulators to saturable absorbers. It is natural to suggest that the losses through such a waveguide will be proportional to the absorption coefficient of the covering material. In this letter, we demonstrate that under certain conditions, this simple assumption fails. Instead, we observe that the reduction of the material loss of the film can lead to an increase in the propagation losses through the waveguide. For this, we use a side polished fiber covered with a single-walled carbon nanotube thin film whose absorption can be attenuated either by a short pulse illumination (due to absorption saturation) or with electrochemical gating. For the films thicker than 50 nm, we observe saturable absorption to turn into optical limiting with nonmonotonic dependence on the incident power. With a numerical simulation, we identify that this nontrivial behavior comes from mode reshaping due to changes in the absorption coefficient of the covering film. We demonstrate the applicability of the observed effect by fabricating the device which nonlinear optical response can be controllably switched between saturable absorbing and optical limiting. Finally, we utilize an analytical approach to predict the required parameters and corresponding nontrivial shapes of the nonlinear absorbance curves. These results provide new perspectives for engineering complex reconfigurable nonlinear optical responses and transmittance dependences of nanomaterial covered waveguides.
Crystal structure of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-bis(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzene, C12H8Br2O2
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yong , Zhang Qi-Long , Zhang Xiu-Ming , Zhou Xu , Yang Xian-Jiong , Xu Hong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
C12H8Br2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 4.1957(13) Å, b = 13.402(4) Å, c = 11.160(3) Å, β = 99.645(10)°, V = 618.7(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0287, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0701, T = 273(2) K.
Exploring the potential of biogenic magnesium oxide nanoparticles for cytotoxicity: In vitro and in silico studies on HCT116 and HT29 cells and DPPH radical scavenging
Authors: Kadir Nurul Huda Abd , Roza Nur Anniesa Farhana Mohd , Khan Azmat Ali , Khan Azhar U. , Alam Mahboob 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The goal of this work was to assess the cytotoxicity, chemical characteristics, thermal stability, and antioxidant activity of green-synthesized MgO nanoparticles (MgO NPs) produced from pumpkin seed extract for their potential therapeutic implications in cancer treatment. The shape, chemical properties, and thermal stability of MgO NPs made with green synthesis were looked at with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) imaging, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), ultraviolet-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. Three cell lines, HCT-116, HT29, and Vero, were used to test the cytotoxicity of MgO NPs. The AlamarBlue® assay was used for HCT-116 and Vero cells, and the Neutral Red (NR) Uptake Assay was used for HT29 cells. A molecular docking study was done to find out how MgO nanoparticles and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a protein linked to cancerous cells growing out of control, interact. The morphological properties, size, aggregation, shapeless pores, and high surface-to-area volume ratio of biosynthesized MgO NPs were shown using SEM and TEM imagings. The elemental composition of Mg and O in green-synthesized MgO NPs was validated using EDX. The AlamarBlue® assay did not yield IC50 values for HCT-116 and Vero cells, suggesting minimal cytotoxicity in these cell lines. However, the NR Uptake Assay showed an IC50 of 164.1 µg/mL for HT29 cells, indicating a significant impact. The DPPH experiment revealed that MgO nanoparticles had high antioxidant activity, with a scavenging capacity of 61% and an IC50 of 170 μg/mL. In conclusion, MgO nanoparticles produced utilizing green chemistry demonstrated a wide range of biological features, including antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against three cell lines. According to molecular docking studies, these nanoparticles may interact with CDK2, a protein implicated in cancer cell growth. These findings emphasize MgO nanoparticles’ potential for cancer treatment. However, further study is needed to understand the underlying processes and investigate therapeutic applications.
miR‐30a‐3p inhibits the proliferation of laryngeal cancer cells by targeting DNMT3a through regulating DNA methylation of PTEN
Authors: Gao Tianle , Ren Xiabin , Li Jun , Shen Na 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The study aims to examine how miR-30a-3p impacts the growth of laryngeal cancer by exploring its underlying mechanism. Our hypothesis suggests that the regulation of DNMT3a through PTEN by miR-30a-3p plays a significant role in the proliferation of laryngeal cancer.

Methods
To predict the role of miR-30a-3p in laryngeal cancer and its binding site to DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a), we utilized data from TCGA, GEO, and starBase. We employed Western blot and qRT-PCR to measure the expression levels of miR-30a-3p, DNMT3a, and PTEN. The interaction between miR-30a-3p and DNMT3a was evaluated using a Luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation and invasive abilities were assessed through the CCK-8 kit, EdU staining, and transwell assays.

Results
Analysis of TCGA data revealed that the expression of miR-30a-3p could impact the survival of patients with head and neck cancer. In Hep-2 cells, we observed down-regulated miR-30a-3p and up-regulated DNMT3a, with a negative correlation between the two. Furthermore, we discovered that miR-30a-3p directly targeted DNMT3a and suppressed its expression in Hep-2 cells, resulting in a decrease in cellular proliferation and invasive capabilities. Additionally, overexpression of miR-30a-3p in Hep-2 cells activated PTEN by reducing DNMT3a expression.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that miR-30a-3p, acting as a tumor suppressor gene, plays a regulatory role in the growth and progression of laryngeal cancer through its interaction with DNMT3a and PTEN.
Transnationale Bildung und individuelle Bildungsprozesse
Authors: Deppe Ulrike 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag führt zunächst Ansätze und in die Forschung eingelagerte Vorstellungen von transnationaler Bildung zusammen, um anhand dessen eine Leerstelle genauer auszuarbeiten, die es in Bezug auf die Bestimmung und die Untersuchung individueller Bildungsprozesse unter transnationalen und migrationsgesellschaftlichen Bedingungen gibt. Dazu werden zunächst die Genese und Verwendung des Begriffs transnationale Bildung und auch die vorhandenen Forschungsansätze und -bereiche skizziert. Anhand von Studien, die sich mit Bildungsprozessen im Zusammenhang von transnationalen Erfahrungen junger Menschen beschäftigen, wird erkundet, wie transnationale Bildungsprozesse implizit oder explizit von ihnen konzipiert werden. In einem letzten Schritt wird ein Ausblick gegeben, wie diese Bildungsverständnisse kritisch reflektiert, theoretisch gerahmt und empirisch weiter untersucht werden könnten.
Ziele und Methoden der Extremismusprävention
Authors: Porsché Yannik 
Published: October 2023

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag untersuche ich Ziele und Methoden von Praktiken der Extremismusprävention. In meiner Arbeitsplatzstudie eines Vereins, der einerseits in Kooperation mit der Polizei Radikalisierungssimulationen in Schulen durchführt und andererseits Mentoring von Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung in Deutschland anbietet, gehe ich aus einer trans-sequentiellen Perspektive der Frage nach, wie Arbeitsschritte aufeinander aufbauen und an welchen Stellen Ausrichtungen der Arbeit auf unterschiedliche Ziele und Zielgruppen in Konflikt geraten. Die ethnographische Interaktionsanalyse zeigt, wie über mehrere Situationen hinweg und je nach institutionellem Ansatz, in Präventionsmaßnahmen an persönlicher Entwicklung, normativen Einstellungen und sozialen Beziehungen gearbeitet wird. Dabei changiert die Kategorisierung der Zielgruppen je nach Ansatz, Publikum und Zeitpunkt im Arbeitsverlauf zwischen „Täter:innen“ und „Opfern“. Ich diskutiere, wie in der Arbeitspraxis um grundsätzliche Fragen der Zielgruppenkonstruktion, der (Erziehungs-)Ziele und Arbeitsmethoden gerungen wird.
Multi‐omic network analysis identified betacellulin as a novel target of omega‐3 fatty acid attenuation of western diet‐induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Padiadpu Jyothi , Garcia‐Jaramillo Manuel , Newman Nolan K , Pederson Jacob W , Rodrigues Richard , Li Zhipeng , Singh Sehajvir , Monnier Philip , Trinchieri Giorgio , Brown Kevin , Dzutsev Amiran K , Shulzhenko Natalia , Jump Donald B , Morgun Andrey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClinical and preclinical studies established that supplementing diets with ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can reduce hepatic dysfunction in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) but molecular underpinnings of this action were elusive. Herein, we used multi‐omic network analysis that unveiled critical molecular pathways involved in ω3 PUFA effects in a preclinical mouse model of western diet induced NASH. Since NASH is a precursor of liver cancer, we also performed meta‐analysis of human liver cancer transcriptomes that uncovered betacellulin as a key EGFR‐binding protein upregulated in liver cancer and downregulated by ω3 PUFAs in animals and humans with NASH. We then confirmed that betacellulin acts by promoting proliferation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells, inducing transforming growth factor–β2 and increasing collagen production. When used in combination with TLR2/4 agonists, betacellulin upregulated integrins in macrophages thereby potentiating inflammation and fibrosis. Taken together, our results suggest that suppression of betacellulin is one of the key mechanisms associated with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrotic effects of ω3 PUFA on NASH.