bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional brain connectome-transcriptional landscape linking to transdiagnostic factors of psychopathological symptoms
Authors: Chen Zhiyi , Liu Xuerong , Li Wei , Hu Yuanyuan , Hu Bowen , Xu Ting , Zhang Rong , Tang Yancheng , Xia Lei , Zhang Jingxuan , Xiao Zhibing , Chen Ji , Feng Zhengzhi , Zhou Yuan , He Qinghua , Qiu Jiang , Lei Xu , Chen Hong , Qin Shaozheng , Feng Tingyong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Transdiagnostic factors are considered promising in elucidating the etiological underpinnings of psychiatric comorbidities, especially in anxiety and depression. However, their symptom-centered neurobiological substrates, encompassing the genetic macro-micro-molecular brain functional landscape, remain elusive. Here, we develop edge-centric functional brain connectome-based predictive models for transdiagnostic factors of anxiety and depression symptoms (sTDF). These factors are estimated from nonlinear Gaussian topological schemes in a nationwide sample and a twin dataset. Edge-centric connectome was found to be reproducible and generalizable neural signatures for the sTDF, showing high sensitivity in neurally representing the sTDF from edge-centric similarity patterns of attention/frontoparietal networks. Such edge-centric signatures were found moderately heritable. Genetic transcriptional analyses further revealed the biological enrichment for gene expression patterns of these edge-centric connectome emerging into vessel systems and metabolism of CMRO2 for sTDF, especially for cerebellar development in late-childhood-to-young-adulthood. Our findings shed lights on the neurobiological architectures of sTDF by clarifying edge-centeric connectome-transcriptional signature.
Chatbots Security: STRIDE-based elicitation of security threats and vulnerabilities in Insurance chatbots
Authors: Bokolo Zilungile , Daramola Olawande 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Although chatbots are used a lot for customer relationship management (CRM), there needs to be more data security and privacy control strategies in chatbots, which has become a security concern for financial services institutions. Chatbots gain access to large amounts of vital company information and clients’ personal information, which makes them a target of security attacks. The loss of data stored in chatbots can cause major harm to companies and customers. In this study, STRIDE (viz. Spoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information disclosure, Denial of service, Elevation of privilege) modelling was applied to identify the data security vulnerabilities and threats that pertain to chatbots used in the insurance industry. To do this, we conducted a case study of a South African insurance organisation. The adopted methodology involved data collection from stakeholders in the insurance organisation to identify chatbot use cases and understand chatbot operations. After that, we conducted a STRIDE-based analysis of the chatbot use cases to elicit security threats and vulnerabilities in the insurance chatbots in the Organisation. The results reveal that security vulnerabilities associated with Spoofing, Denial of Service and Elevation of privilege are more relevant to insurance chatbots. The most security threats stem from Tampering, Elevation of privilege and Spoofing. The study extends the discussion on chatbot security. It fosters an understanding of security threats and vulnerabilities that pertain to insurance chatbots, which is beneficial for security researchers and practitioners working on the security of chatbots and the insurance industry.
Is Mus spretus a mutualistic species with oak species or does it parasitize previously established relationships with other rodents?
Authors: Arco Sergio Del , Arco Jose María Del 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Relationships between oak species and rodents have been interpreted in terms of their performance within a range of relationships ranging from the antagonistic extreme called a predation relationship because rodents destroy acorns to the collaborative extreme in which the two species obtain benefits in a relationship called mutualism.
In the Iberian Peninsula there are two species of rodents, Apodemus sylvaticusand Mus spretus. A. sylvaticus arrived first, in the Pliocene, and established mutualistic relationships with the oak species that existed there because it partially consumes acorns and initiates them from the basal part, which allows the embryo to be preserved. It brings to the relationship a higher energy expenditure when opening the acorns at the basal end, but in exchange it obtains a stable and persistent source of resources, although with temporal oscillations.
Later came M. spretus, in the Holocene. As both species currently share habitat and food, the question we pose in this study is the following: How did M. spretus respond to the mutualistic relationship already maintained by A. sylvaticus and the oak species of the Iberian Peninsula? Did it adopt the same behavior as A. sylvaticus to contribute to the dissemination of acorns that will serve as food? Or, on the contrary, does it parasitize this relationship by behaving as a simple predator of the acorns that A. sylvaticus has contributed to establish and spread? The result we have obtained is that M. spretus has acquired the same acorn processing behavior as A. sylvaticus. Therefore, we can affirm that M. spretusis a species that maintains mutualistic relationships with the oak species settled in the Iberian Peninsula.
Neuroimaging-guided diagnosis of possible FTLD-FUS pathology: a case report
Authors: Mathoux Gregory , Boccalini Cecilia , Lathuliere Aurelien , Scheffler Max , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Garibotto Valentina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: This case report presents a patient with progressive memory loss and choreiform movements.
Case presentation: Neuropsychological tests indicated multi-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and neurological examination revealed asymmetrical involuntary hyperkinetic movements. Imaging studies showed severe left-sided atrophy and hypometabolism in the left frontal and temporoparietal cortex. [18F]Flortaucipir PET exhibited moderately increased tracer uptake in hypometabolic areas. The diagnosis initially considered Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal degeneration (FTD), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), cerebral hemiatrophy syndrome, but imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis excluded AD and suggested fused-in-sarcoma-associated FTLD-FUS, a subtype of bvFTD.
Conclusions: Our case highlights that despite the lack of specific FUS biomarkers the combination of clinical features and neuroimaging biomarkers can guide choosing the most likely differential diagnosis in a complex neurological case.
A case report of occult echinococcus granulosus of the thighs
Authors: Zhou Ruixin , Zhao Qingbin , Zhou Wenzheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to report a rare case of occult subcutaneous muscular encopresis of the thigh.
Case presentation: A 68-year-old female patient residing in Barkol Kazakh Autonomous County, mainly engaged in the wool processing industry. Her main complaint was "left thigh swelling for more than 3 years, pain and discomfort for 15 days" on November 9, 2023. She found that the left side of the thigh had swollen for more than 3 years; she had no pain, itching, ulceration, or other symptoms; her swelling gradually increased in size.
Modern Contraceptive Use Disparity Among Married Women Based on Regions of Indonesia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Anjelina Marilda , Idris Haerawati 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Increasing modern contraceptive usage is one of the efforts to reduce population growth rates and maternal and infant mortalities. In Indonesia, prior research has not discussed the use of modern contraception by regions in the last decades. This study aimed to analyze differences in the use of modern contraception among married women by regions in Indonesia. Methods: Our study used a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study consisted of 25,661 married women selected from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS). These data were analyzed using the binary logistic regression statistical test and visualized through the QGIS application as a map of Indonesia. Results: The prevalence of modern contraceptive use in Indonesia was 61.2%. Mothers in the Kalimantan, Java-Bali, Sumatra, and Sulawesi regions had a higher chance of using modern contraception than mothers in the Papua region. The factors associated with the use of modern contraception in Indonesia vary significantly across all regions. Mother’s age, number of living children, and an ideal number of children were the general factors associated with the use of contraception in all regions. Conclusion: This study demonstrates wide variations in regional prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive use in Indonesia. Policies are needed by considering each region’s characteristics to reduce disparities between regions in using modern contraception.
Comparison of Continuous Infusion of Hypertonic Saline to Intermittent Bolus Doses in the Management of Cerebral Edema: Time to reach the target serum sodium concentration.
Authors: Donepudi Bhargavi , Berger Andrea , Slampak-Cindric Angela , Challagundla Sankeerth , Mehta Yatin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background:Hypertonic saline (HTS) is frequently used for prevention and management of cerebral edema in patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Dosing of HTS remains variable. We compared efficacy of continuous infusion 3% hypertonic saline to intermittent bolus dosing in achieving target sodium concentration of ≥150 mmol/L.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 673 patient encounters admitted to intensive care units (ICU) with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or TBI requiring 3% HTS between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019. Patients were divided into three groups, who received continuous infusion of HTS (≥ 6 hours), who received intermittent boluses of 150 ml (≥ 3 doses) and who received combination therapy non-concurrently. The primary outcome was reaching the target sodium goal of ≥150 mmol/L and the median time required to reach the goal. Secondary outcomes were occurrences of hyperchloremia (chloride >115 mmol/L) and hypernatremia (sodium >155 mmol/L), hospital and ICU length of stay and inpatient mortality.
Results: About a quarter (26.9%) of intermittent bolus only encounters reached a sodium goal of ≥150 mmol/L compared to 52.6% of continuous infusion only and 74.3% of combination therapy group (p < .0001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for reaching the goal in continuous infusion group compared to intermittent bolus group was 2.94 (95% CI, 1.80-4.78; P < 0.0001). Among patients who reached the sodium goal, patients in the intermittent bolus only group reached it in a median (IQR) of 34.7 (19.7, 60.4) hours after HTS start, continuous infusion only patients reached it in a median (IQR) of 24.2 (17.0, 37.0) hours, and combination therapy group reached it in a median (IQR) of 28.7 (20.8, 41.6) hours. Increased occurrence of hypernatremia, hyperchloremia and in-patient mortality was noted in the continuous infusion group compared to intermittent bolus group.
Conclusions: Use of continuous infusion of HTS was superior to intermittent bolus strategy in achieving target sodium levels. Although target sodium levels were achieved sooner with continuous HTS, there were higher rates of hyperchloremia and overshoot hypernatremia when compared to intermittent bolus strategy.
Estimation of Air Temperature using Data Driven Techniques Based on Best Subset Regression Model in Semi-Arid Environment
Authors: Elbeltagi Ahmed , Vishwakarma Dinesh Kumar , Katipoğlu Okan Mert , Sushanth Kallem , Heddam Salim , Bhat Shakeel Ahmad , Gautam Vinay Kumar , Pande Chaitanya B. , Hussain Saddam , Ghosh Subhankar , Dehghanisanij Hossein , Salem Ali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Temperature considers one of the most important factors in the estimation of agricultural water requirements, hydrological processes and climate change studies. In order to determine the most accurate prediction model in a semi-arid environment for the daily minimum and maximum temperature (Tmax and Tmin), linear regression (LR), additive regression (AR), support vector machine (SVM), random subspace (RSS), the M5 pruned (M5P) models were compared in this study. Gharbia Governorate was selected as one of the most important governorates in the Nile Delta, Egypt, to conduct this work for the prediction of Tmax and Tmin daily. Datasets were collected from 1979 to 2014 and divided into 75% for training and 25% for testing. The best subset regression model was applied to select the model input combinations. Both minimum and maximum temperatures exhibit large magnitudes of the auto-correlation function (ACF) and partial auto-correlation function (PACF) for lag periods spanning from 1 to 8 days. In addition, as a result of the regression analysis, Tmax(t−1), Tmax(t−2), Tmax(t−3), Tmax(t−4), Tmax(t−5), Tmax(t−6), Tmax(t−8) variables showing the most appropriate statistical performance were determined as the most suitable model combination. Various statistical indicators and graphical approaches were used to select the most appropriate model. LR, M5P and SVM models outperformed the other two for minimum temperature prediction in all testing and cross-validation periods. The M5P model outperformed the LR and SVM models by effectively accommodating both high and low observed values. The M5P model outperformed the LR, AR, RSS, M5P and SVM models in predicting maximum temperatures. Compared to other models, the LR model closely emulated the performance of the M5P model in simulating maximum temperatures. The results of this study can assist decision-makers in water resource management, reservoir optimization, irrigation, and agricultural production activities.
Robust Defense against LRS Obfuscated DGAsthrough Domain-Specific Noise and Deep LearningAnalysis
Authors: Rizi Anthony , Yocam Eric , vaidyan varghese , wang yong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The identification of novel variations within Domain Generating Algorithm (DGA) families is crucial for the security of critical infrastructures. Despite existing research, the adaptability of techniques to diverse DGA manifestations, including Linear Recursive Sequence (LRS) modification, remains a major concern. To address this, this research proposes a comprehensive technique incorporating Damerau-Levenshtein Distance to enhance a Feedforward Neural Network (FNN). This technique offers insights into domain-specific noise, enhancing its applicability and robustness against sophisticated cyber adversaries. Systematic evaluation shows the technique's adaptability to diverse forms of noise, including domain-specific variations, promising applications in real-time threat detection and incident response.
The selection of Damerau-Levenshtein Distance is motivated by its ability to quantify minimal operations for transforming strings, providing valuable insights into structural similarities among DGA strings. The approach's adaptability to the dynamic nature of DGAs is emphasized, acknowledging its effectiveness depends on dataset characteristics. The research addresses the challenge of supporting multiple dataset families, each having distinct classes, highlighting the difficulties in managing diverse characteristics and nuances. With an accuracy rate of 94 percent, the technique proves its robustness and versatility for cybersecurity practitioners dealing with diverse cyber threats. The method's success in simultaneously supporting multiple dataset families positions it as a valuable asset for securing network infrastructures.
Revealing the Dynamic Influence of Clean Energy Consumption on Economic Sustainability in Pakistan: A Pathway to Sustainable Development
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Xiaoying Liu , Khan Anwar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Ensuring economic sustainability becomes a crucial consideration when examining the dynamic consequences of both clean and dirty energy consumption. This study seeks to analyze the influence of clean and dirty energy consumption, labor force, technological innovation, and capital formation on Pakistan's economic viability spanning from 1975 to 2022. To achieve this, we investigated these relationships utilizing a dynamic ARDL simulation model. The study findings indicate that clean energy consumption positively affects economic sustainability in both the short and long term. On the other hand, Dirty energy use has short-term benefits, it has long-term detrimental impacts on the viability of the economy. Although labor availability has a short-term negative impact on economic sustainability, it eventually loses significance. Economic sustainability is continuously enhanced by gross capital formation. To enhance economic sustainability, policymakers should prioritize the promotion of clean energy consumption because it constantly has a favorable effect over the long and short term. To reduce long-term drawbacks, a gradual switch from dirty energy is essential. Over time, labor development should change, and it's critical to promote capital formation. The aforementioned actions are intended to build a robust and sustainable future and strengthen Pakistan's economic sustainability.
Relationship between lipid levels, TyG, TyG-BMI index and hypertension in Tibetan population in Tibet, China based on restricted cubic spline model
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Gesang Pingcuo , Zhou Yaxi , Ding Kangzhi , Wan Yang , Xiong Hai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the relationship between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride glucose index (TyG), triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and the risk of hypertension (HTN) in Tibetan population in Tibet, China.
Methods
From June 2020 to July 2023, a total of 5042 Tibetans aged 18 to 80 years from three cities and one region in Tibet were randomly sampled for the study. Logistic regression analysis models combined with restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the relationship between LDL-C, TC, TyG, TyG-BMI index, and HTN in the Tibetan population.
Results
(1) The prevalence of HTN in the Tibetan population in Tibet, China, was 32.35%, of which men were slightly higher than women. (2) Age, BMI, fasting blood glucose (FBG), uric acid (UA), TC, triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, homocysteine (Hcy), TyG, and TyG-BMI were higher in HTN populations compared to non-HTN populations (P < 0.05). (3) The risk of HTN was increased in individuals with borderline elevated and elevated LDL-C, borderline elevated TC, the second(Q2), third(Q3), and fourth quartile groups(Q4) of TyG as well as the third(Q3) and fourth quartile groups(Q4) of TyG-BMI. The prevalence risk of HTN gradually increased with elevated levels of LDL-C, TC, TyG, and TyG-BMI (P trend < 0.001). (4) The results of restricted cubic spline analysis showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship between LDL-C, TC, and TyG-BMI and the risk of developing HTN (P < 0.001, P Nonlinear<0.05), and a linear dose-response relationship between TyG and the risk of developing HTN (P < 0.001, P Nonlinear>0.05).
Conclusion
Higher LDL-C, TC, TyG, and TyG-BMI are risk factors for HTN in the Tibetan population of Tibet, China. Effective prevention can be achieved by controlling lipid and glucose indices.
Prognostic Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Fournier’s Gangrene: A Retrospective Study of 35 Patients
Authors: Hong Han Bee , Lee Jeong Woo , Park Chan Hee 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Fournier's gangrene is a severe form of infectious necrotizing fasciitis affecting the perineum, perianal, and genital areas; it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is important to identify prognostic factors that can predict clinical outcomes and guide treatment strategies. Thus, our study aimed to analyze patient characteristics and determine prognostic factors affecting clinical outcomes in Fournier's gangrene.
Methods
This retrospective study involved examining medical records spanning 18 years for patients with Fournier's gangrene at our institution. Considering the exclusion criteria, data from 35 patients were included in this study.
Results
The mean age of the patients was similar between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The Charlson Comorbidity Index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score were not significantly different between the two groups. Notably, the initial Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was significantly higher in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 17.1%. Moreover, the prevalence of multidrug resistant bacterial infection was markedly higher in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group. Coagulation dysfunction was significantly more prevalent in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group, and had the most significant impact on in-hospital mortality. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified multidrug resistant bacterial infection to be independently associated with high in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Coagulation dysfunction and multidrug resistant bacterial infection were identified as independent negative prognostic factors, highlighting the need for prompt monitoring and proactive strategies against Fournier’s gangrene.
Outcome quality and treatment efficacy of early class II elastics compared to late class II elastics
Authors: Sayahpour Babak , Eslami Sara , Guderian Robert , Kopp Stefan , Stuhlfelder Jakob , Plein Nicolas , Grassia Vincenzo , Nucci Ludovica 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction: class II elastics are widely used treatment modalities in correction of class II malocclusion. Class II elastics are traditionally used in combination with multibracket appliances after completion of the initial leveling phase. The use of early short and light class II elastics on initial leveling wires has been advocated to reduce the treatment time and increase the treatment efficiency. However, there is a lack of sufficient evidence in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the outcome quality and treatment efficiency of early class II elastics compared to late class II elastics using the PAR index. Materials and Methods: Patient records from September 2005 until April 2017 in the archive of the university of Frankfurt have been sighted to generate data for this retrospective study. Patients with class II malocclusion undergoing a treatment with multibracket appliance after their peak of growth were included in the study. 16 Patients were included in the group IEA (early class II elastics) and 21 were allocated to the group IEL (late class II elastics). The peer assessment rating index (PAR) was used to assess the treatment outcome in each group. Results: Both early and late class II elastics showed great improvement of the occlusal traits in the patients. However, the treatment duration was significantly shorter in group IEA, showing the higher efficiency of early class II elastics. Conclusion: Incorporation of early class II elastics on the initial leveling archwires can increase the treatment efficiency without compromising the occlusal outcome of the treatment. The authors recommend the use of short and light elastics in the initial stages of the treatment. Since early class II elastics were first described scientifically in our study, further studies and especially prospective ones should be performed.