bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catheter Ablation With Morphologic Repetitiveness Mapping for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lin Chin-Yu , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Higa Satoshi , Tsai Wen-Chin , Lo Men-Tzung , Chiang Chia-Hsin , Chang Shih-Lin , Lo Li-Wei , Hu Yu-Feng , Chao Tze-Fan , Chung Fa-Po , Liao Jo-Nan , Chang Ting-Yung , Lin Chen , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Kuo Ling , Wu Cheng-I. , Liu Chih-Min , Liu Shin-Huei , Kuo Ming-Jen , Liao Ying-Chieh , Chuang Chieh-Mao , Chen Yun-Yu , Hsieh Yu-Cheng , Chen Shih-Ann 
Published: November 2023

ImportanceCatheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) has shown limited success.ObjectiveTo determine whether AF drivers could be accurately identified by periodicity and similarity (PRISM) mapping ablation results for persistent AF when added to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective randomized clinical trial was performed between June 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020, and included patients with persistent AF enrolled in 3 centers across Asia. Data were analyzed on October 1, 2022.InterventionPatients were assigned to the PRISM-guided approach (group 1) or the conventional approach (group 2) at a 1:1 ratio.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was freedom from AF or other atrial arrhythmia for longer than 30 seconds at 6 and 12 months.ResultsA total of 170 patients (mean [SD] age, 62.0 [12.3] years; 136 men [80.0%]) were enrolled (85 patients in group 1 and 85 patients in group 2). More group 1 patients achieved freedom from AF at 12 months compared with group 2 patients (60 [70.6%] vs 40 [47.1%]). Multivariate analysis indicated that the PRISM-guided approach was associated with freedom from the recurrence of atrial arrhythmia (hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.33-0.85]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe waveform similarity and recurrence pattern derived from high-density mapping might provide an improved guiding approach for ablation of persistent AF. Compared with the conventional procedure, this novel specific substrate ablation strategy reduced the frequency of recurrent AF and increased the likelihood of maintenance of sinus rhythm.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05333952
High‐definition map automatic annotation system based on active learning
Authors: Zheng Chao , Cao Xu , Tang Kun , Cao Zhipeng , Sizikova Elena , Zhou Tong , Li Erlong , Liu Ao , Zou Shengtao , Yan Xinrui , Mei Shuqi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs autonomous vehicle technology advances, high‐definition (HD) maps have become essential for ensuring safety and navigation accuracy. However, creating HD maps with accurate annotations demands substantial human effort, leading to a time‐consuming and costly process. Although artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision (CV) algorithms have been developed for prelabeling HD maps, a significant gap remains in accuracy and robustness between AI‐based methods and traditional manual pipelines. Additionally, building large‐scale annotated datasets and advanced machine learning algorithms for AI‐based HD map labeling systems can be resource‐intensive. In this paper, we present and summarize the Tencent HD Map AI (THMA) system, an innovative end‐to‐end, AI‐based, active learning HD map labeling system designed to produce HD map labels for hundreds of thousands of kilometers while employing active learning to enhance product iteration. Utilizing a combination of supervised, self‐supervised, and weakly supervised learning, THMA is trained directly on massive HD map datasets to achieve the high accuracy and efficiency required by downstream users. Deployed by the Tencent Map team, THMA serves over 1000 labeling workers and generates more than 30,000 km of HD map data per day at its peak. With over 90% of Tencent Map's HD map data labeled automatically by THMA, the system accelerates traditional HD map labeling processes by more than tenfold, significantly reducing manual annotation burdens and paving the way for more efficient HD map production.
Tendril‐Inspired Programmable Liquid Metal Photothermal Actuators for Soft Robots
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Du Yiming , Xiao Chao , Ding Xin , Pan Xiaoshuan , Zheng Kang , Liu Xianglan , Chen Lin , Gong Yi , Xue Meng , Tian Xingyou , Zhang Xian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotothermal actuators are widely applied in robots, smart devices, and bionic systems. However, asymmetric thermal expansion, the most common mechanism for preparing photothermal actuators, has not been utilized in programmable liquid metal photothermal actuators. In this work, Liquid metal/Polyimide/Polytetrafluoroethylene (LM/PI/PTFE) programmable photothermal actuators based on asymmetric thermal expansion are prepared inspired by the climbing plant tendrils. The “protoplasm that can contract and bend” PTFE tape endows the photothermal actuator with programmable initial morphology. The photothermal properties and flexibility of the liquid metal microspheres, together with the significant property difference between PI and PTFE, endow the photothermal actuator with excellent response angles (130.74 ± 6.45°), response speeds (46.62 ± 2.33° s−1), stability (2000 cycles for 10 h), and load‐carrying capacity, which are not inferior to most of the reported PI photothermal actuators. The LM/PI/PTFE photothermal actuator has been successfully modelled and simulated by finite element analysis (FEA). Based on the programmable initial morphology and the simulation by FEA, this work has designed and prepared a variety of bionic systems and functional robots. The work of LM/PI/PTFE photothermal actuators provides a strategy for designing photothermal actuators and enables the future development of photothermal actuators in bionic systems and robots.
Light‐Responsive Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)‐Based Liquid‐Like Coating for Sustainable Scale Resistance
Authors: Wang Shuai , Fan Yue , Wang Yingke , Gui Lishuang , Huang Shilin , Wu Tongfei , Tian Xuelin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractScale accumulation is a serious problem in several industrial fields. Although a series of surface coatings are developed for anti‐scaling, they generally suffer from limited anti‐scaling capability and longevity. Herein, a light‐responsive liquid‐like coating is prepared by constructing a metal–organic framework (MOF) functionalized with poly‐spiropyran (PSP) and further grafting it with linear polydimethylsiloxane (LPDMS), which enables high‐performance anti‐scaling. The prepared MOF/PSP/LPDMS (MPL) coating integrates multiple strategies to synergistically suppress scale formation. It utilizes the PSP component to delay scaling by adsorbing salt ions and the liquid‐like LPDMS component to inhibit scale nucleation through reducing the scale‐substrate affinity interaction. The MOF skeleton isolates PSP components to prevent unfavorable aggregation, which helps to maintain high ion‐adsorption capacity upon exposure to ultraviolet or darkness. Additionally, the coating allows rapid release of adsorbed ions upon exposure to visible light, enabling the recovery of adsorption sites. Consequently, the MPL coating exhibits highly effective and sustainable anti‐scaling capability. Scale buildup of only 0.41 mg cm−2 for CaCO3 and 0.69 mg cm−2 for CaSO4 is achieved on the MPL coating after 14 days’ scaling test, which is far superior to previously‐reported anti‐scaling surfaces. This work paves the way for designing light‐responsive liquid‐like coatings for sustainable scale resistance.
Efficient Hydrazine Electro‐Oxidation Achieved by Tailored Electron Injection into Fe (III) Sites Activating Dehydrogenation
Authors: Zhang Shucong , Wei Xiaotong , Dai Shuixing , Wang Huanlei , Huang Minghua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTailoring the d‐orbital electron of Fe (III) in oxyhydroxide is highly expected to realize an efficient hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) for assisting seawater electrolysis. Although interface engineering can effectively change electron states on Fe sites by charge injection or extraction, most interfaces have a directional electric field for inaccessible regulation. Herein, the combination of iron oxyhydroxide and biphasic nickel phosphide is established to obtain a dual built‐in electric field (BEF) with opposite direction, which aims to manipulate the d‐orbital electron configuration of Fe (III) sites, thereby optimizing the binding strength and activating of N2H4 intermediates. Both computational and experimental analyses reveal that the moderate Fe─*N2H4 binding strength originating from tailored electron injection plays the key role in accelerating dehydrogenation. Impressively, such a promising promotion endows the catalyst with a remarkable HzOR activity, realizing working potentials of −8 and 44 mV for 10 and 100 mA cm−2 in alkaline seawater, respectively, and achieving outstanding long‐term stability for over 100 h. H2 production from a hybrid seawater electrolyzer (HSE) requires a dramatically low power consumption of 16.4 Wh L−1 H2 with ≈100% Faraday efficiency. It is believed that the work sheds new inspiration on d‐orbital regulation for obtaining advanced HzOR electrocatalysts.
Hierarchically Structured Bioinspired Fibers Shaped by Liquid Droplets
Authors: Liu Yanjun , Zhang Jialin , Wu Peiyi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNature has a remarkable ability to create multifunctional fibers, such as spider silk, by precisely controlling structures across various scales. However, replicating this in high‐speed spun synthetic fibers is challenging due to the absence of life‐specific forces and interactions required for manipulating composition, gradients, and structures. Here, a novel droplet‐coupled pultrusion spinning technique is demonstrated for industrial‐scale production of microfibers with hierarchical structures. Droplets spontaneously form on the surface of high‐speed spun fibers to tailor multiscale hierarchical structures, resulting in a nonlinear viscoelastic core embedded with anharmonic nanosprings consisting of amorphous and crystalline domains and a periodically reinforced nanofiber skin. These structural hierarchies enable unique mechanical property combinations including nonlinear viscoelasticity, large extensibility (613%), record‐high toughness (536 MJ m−3), highly efficient impact energy absorption, vibration damping and wide temperature adaptability (−67.4 to 278.9 °C). Additionally, the structured bioinspired fibers exhibit low‐frequency phononic bandgap and anomalous dispersion of mechanical waves. The droplet‐based approach allows precise control over heterogeneity at multiple scales within the identical components leading to impressive mechanical performance and additional functionalities, and is consider that it could be applied to the design of the next era of hierarchically structured nanocomposites for a wide range of applications.
Regulating Micro‐phase Structure in Plastic Crystal Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Quasi‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Fu Chuankai , Zhang Xu , Huo Hua , Zhu Jiaming , Xu Huifang , Wang Liguang , Ma Yulin , Gao Yunzhi , Yin Geping , Zuo Pengjian , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuasi‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (QSSLMBs) necessitate stable electro‐electrolyte interfaces to ensure reliable stationary power supply, thereby placing significant emphasis on the development of polymer electrolytes with high and uniform conductivity. However, while preparing the polymer electrolytes, the uncontrolled radical polymerization process of polymer electrolytes often leads to localized phase agglomeration, resulting in inhomogeneous physiochemical properties. In this study, a method is proposed to regulate the micro‐phase structure, aiming to substantially enhance the homogeneity of physiochemical properties, specifically the ionic conductivity, through the optimization of organic monomer polymerization behavior. This proposed polymer electrolyte determines enhanced reaction kinetics and reactivity at the interfaces, thereby effectively regulating the Li plating/stripping behavior and mitigating dendrite formation. The Li||Li symmetrical cell employing the proposed polymer electrolyte demonstrates exceptional cyclic durability, surpassing 1000 h at 0.2 mA cm−2. Additionally, the QSSLMBs employing high‐voltage LiCoO2 as the cathode exhibit remarkable improvements in electrochemical performance, particularly in terms of cycling stability. The insights derived from this research suggest that the regulation of micro‐phase structure in polymer electrolytes represents a promising strategy to enhance the practicability of QSSLMBs.
Delivery of mRNA Vaccine with 1, 2‐Diesters‐Derived Lipids Elicits Fast Liver Clearance for Safe and Effective Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Yuandong , Hu Yuexiao , Xia Heng , Zhang Shiqiang , Lei Hanqi , Yan Binyuan , Xiao Ze Xiu , Chen Jinjin , Pang Jun , Zha Gao‐Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine is explored as a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy, but the side effects, especially the liver‐related damage caused by LNP, raise concerns about its safety. In this study, a novel library of 248 ionizable lipids comprising 1,2‐diesters is designed via a two‐step process involving the epoxide ring‐opening reaction with carboxyl group‐containing alkyl chains followed by an esterification reaction with the tertiary amines. Owing to the special chemical structure of 1,2‐diesters, the top‐performing lipids and formulations exhibit a faster clearance rate in the liver, contributing to increased stability and higher safety compared with DLin‐MC3‐DMA. Moreover, the LNP shows superior intramuscular mRNA delivery and elicits robust antigen‐specific immune activation. The vaccinations delivered by the LNP system suppress tumor growth and prolong survival in both model human papillomavirus E7 and ovalbumin antigen‐expressing tumor models. Finally, the structure of lipids which enhances the protein expression in the spleen and draining lymph nodes compared with ALC‐0315 lipid in Comirnaty is further optimized. In conclusion, the 1, 2‐diester‐derived lipids exhibit rapid liver clearance and effective anticancer efficiency to different types of antigens‐expressing tumor models, which may be a safe and universal platform for mRNA vaccines.
Alendronate PtIV Prodrug Amphiphile for Enhanced Chemotherapy Targeting and Bone Destruction Inhibition in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Sun Kaichuang , Yuan Lu , Chen Shen , Sun Yong , Wei Dengshuai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChemotherapy remains the primary treatment method for osteosarcoma after surgery. However, the lack of selectivity of chemotherapy for osteosarcoma leads to unpredictable therapeutic effects, undesirable side effects, and drug resistance. A platinum(IV) (PtIV) prodrug amphiphile (ALN‐PtIV‐Lipo) covalently bound to alendronate (ALN) and a lipid tail is designed to overcome these limitations. ALN‐PtIV‐Lipo can self‐assemble into PtIV lipid nanoparticles (APtIV) for osteosarcoma targeting chemotherapy and bone destruction inhibition. It is demonstrated that APtIV achieved an eightfold increase in the eradication of osteosarcoma cells compared to cisplatin and threefold selective inhibition of osteosarcoma cells over breast cancer cells via APtIV in vitro. After intravenous injection, APtIV effectively accumulates at the osteosarcoma site in vivo, resulting in significantly suppressed primary osteosarcoma growth, and alleviation of bone destruction. Therefore, APtIV delivers a promising solution for enhanced chemotherapy targeting and bone destruction inhibition in osteosarcoma.
Ultra‐Low Current 10 nm Spin Hall Nano‐Oscillators
Authors: Behera Nilamani , Chaurasiya Avinash Kumar , González Victor H. , Litvinenko Artem , Bainsla Lakhan , Kumar Akash , Khymyn Roman , Awad Ahmad A. , Fulara Himanshu , Åkerman Johan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNano‐constriction based spin Hall nano‐oscillators (SHNOs) are at the forefront of spintronics research for emerging technological applications, such as oscillator‐based neuromorphic computing and Ising Machines. However, their miniaturization to the sub‐50 nm width regime results in poor scaling of the threshold current. Here, it shows that current shunting through the Si substrate is the origin of this problem and studies how different seed layers can mitigate it. It finds that an ultra‐thin Al2O3 seed layer and SiN (200 nm) coated p‐Si substrates provide the best improvement, enabling us to scale down the SHNO width to a truly nanoscopic dimension of 10 nm, operating at threshold currents below 30 A. In addition, the combination of electrical insulation and high thermal conductivity of the Al2O3 seed will offer the best conditions for large SHNO arrays, avoiding any significant temperature gradients within the array. The state‐of‐the‐art ultra‐low operational current SHNOs hence pave an energy‐efficient route to scale oscillator‐based computing to large dynamical neural networks of linear chains or 2D arrays.
High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors Achieved by Optimizing Structural and Energetic Ordering of Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Polymers
Authors: Jo Il‐Young , Jeong Dahyun , Moon Yina , Lee Dongchan , Lee Seungjin , Choi Jun‐Gyu , Nam Donghyeon , Kim Ji Hwan , Cho Jinhan , Cho Shinuk , Kim Dong‐Yu , Ahn HyungJu , Kim Bumjoon J. , Yoon Myung‐Han 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFor optimizing steady‐state performance in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), both molecular design and structural alignment approaches must work in tandem to minimize energetic and microstructural disorders in polymeric mixed ionic–electronic conductor films. Herein, a series of poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole)s bearing various lengths of aliphatic–glycol hybrid side chains (PDPP‐mEG; m = 2–5) is developed to achieve high‐performance p‐type OECTs. PDPP‐4EG polymer with the optimized length of side chains exhibits excellent crystallinity owing to enhanced lamellar and backbone interactions. Furthermore, the improved structural ordering in PDPP‐4EG films significantly decreases trap state density and energetic disorder. Consequently, PDPP‐4EG‐based OECT devices produce a mobility–volumetric capacitance product ([µC*]) of 702 F V−1 cm−1 s−1 and a hole mobility of 6.49 ± 0.60 cm2 V−1 s−1. Finally, for achieving the optimal structural ordering along the OECT channel direction, a floating film transfer method is employed to reinforce the unidirectional orientation of polymer chains, leading to a substantially increased figure‐of‐merit [µC*] to over 800 F V−1 cm−1 s−1. The research demonstrates the importance of side chain engineering of polymeric mixed ionic–electronic conductors in conjunction with their anisotropic microstructural optimization to maximize OECT characteristics.
3D Printing Manufacturing of Lithium Batteries: Prospects and Challenges toward Practical Applications
Authors: Huo Sida , Sheng Li , Su Ben , Xue Wendong , Wang Li , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe manufacturing and assembly of components within cells have a direct impact on the sample performance. Conventional processes restrict the shapes, dimensions, and structures of the commercially available batteries. 3D printing, a novel manufacturing process for precision and practicality, is expected to revolutionize the lithium battery industry owing to its advantages of customization, mechanization, and intelligence. This technique can be used to effectively construct intricate 3D structures that enhance the designability, integrity, and electrochemical performance of both liquid‐ and solid‐state lithium batteries. In this study, an overview of the development of 3D printing technologies is provided and their suitability for comparison with conventional printing processes is assessed. Various 3D printing technologies applicable to lithium‐ion batteries have been systematically introduced, especially more practical composite printing technologies. The practicality, limitations, and optimization of 3D printing are discussed dialectically for various battery modules, including electrodes, electrolytes, and functional architectures. In addition, all‐printed batteries are emphatically introduced. Finally, the prospects and challenges of 3D printing in the battery industry are evaluated.
Multifunctional Oil‐Entangled Matrix Spray for Maritime Sustainability
Authors: Sin Dixon T. , Chung Casper H.Y. , Au Samuel C.Y. , Cheng Edwin H. C. , Yan Xiao , Yao Shuhuai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMaritime transport, as the backbone of international trade, contributes to 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. One major challenge to the sustainability of marine shipping is the fuel consumption associated with flow resistance to ship hulls. While passive approaches like superhydrophobic or lubricant‐infused surfaces hold promise for drag reduction, their scalability, stability, and durability are limited, particularly in oceanic scenarios. Here, an oil‐entangled matrix spray (OEMs) coating is developed to overcome the limitations of conventional surface modification. To create a drag‐reduction surface, liquid lubricant is rationally integrated with a polymer matrix, enabling the firm retention of the lubricant while maintaining high adhesion to various substrates. The resulting slippery interface achieves up to 48% drag reduction compared to an unmodified surface in a water tunnel test. Additionally, the hydrophobic, chemically inert, smooth, and slippery interface of OEMs enables multifunction of the coated substrates, including corrosion resistance to seawater and acid, reduced frosting accretion (by up to 68%), and low shear adhesion to ice (<11 kPa). Furthermore, the OEMs provides a universal platform to integrate customized functions such as photothermal effects, further enhancing interface performances by synergizing solar thermal energy and surface slipperiness. This study presents a promising surface modification strategy for improving the sustainability of marine vehicles where scalable, durable, and multifunctional surfaces are desired to achieve sustainable drag reduction under oceanic cruising and extreme weather conditions.
Realization of High‐Performance Photoresponsivity of Sb2Se3‐Based Phototransistors by Using Hybrid Structure and Optimizing Annealing Temperature
Authors: Kim Jong‐Ho , You Hee‐Kyoung , Seong Tae‐Yeon 
Published: November 2023

Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) is attracting attention as a candidate material with a high potential for photodetection due to its high absorption coefficient and excellent stability compared to other light‐absorbing materials. However, Sb2Se3‐based photodetectors are found to yield rather low responsivity in the visible and near‐infrared regions. Herein, the hybrid structure of ZnON/Sb2Se3 is for the first time adopted to increase the performance of Sb2Se3‐based phototransistors. It is shown that ZnON with high mobility enhances the photoresponse by promoting the recirculation of photocarriers. The (Sb4Se6)n ribbons of Sb2Se3 are found to be vertically oriented when annealed at 200 °C, inducing photocarriers to ZnON more easily than laterally oriented ribbons. The 200 °C‐annealed phototransistors give high responsivity of 2.14 × 104 A/W−1 (650 nm) and 2.47 × 104 A/W (905 nm), the latter being the highest among Sb2Se3‐based photodetectors. Further, the 200 °C‐annealed phototransistors exhibit superb stability, showing over 92% of the initial responsivity and over 81% detectivity even after being exposed to air for 5 weeks without passivation. It is further shown that the optimal devices reveal remarkably stable detectivity of 4.76 × 1013 Jones and 5.95 × 1013 Jones for 650 nm and 905 nm light, respectively.