bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segregated localization of two calponin‐related proteins within sarcomeric thin filaments in Caenorhabditis elegans striated muscle
Authors: Ono Shoichiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe calponin family proteins are expressed in both muscle and non‐muscle cells and involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and cell contractility. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 are calponin‐related proteins with 42% identical amino acid sequences containing seven calponin‐like motifs. Genetic studies demonstrated that UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 have partially redundant function in regulating actin cytoskeletal organization in striated and non‐striated muscle cells. However, biochemical studies showed that UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 are different in their ability to bundle actin filaments. In this study, I extended comparison between UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 and found additional differences in vitro and in vivo. Although UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 bound to actin filaments similarly, UNC‐87, but not CLIK‐1, bound to myosin and inhibited actomyosin ATPase in vitro. In striated muscle, UNC‐87 and CLIK‐1 were segregated into different subregions within sarcomeric actin filaments. CLIK‐1 was concentrated near the actin pointed ends, whereas UNC‐87 was enriched toward the actin barbed ends. Restricted localization of UNC‐87 was not altered in a clik‐1‐null mutant, suggesting that their segregated localization is not due to competition between the two related proteins. These results suggest that the two calponin‐related proteins have both common and distinct roles in regulating actin filaments.
Hg(II)⋅d8[M] Interactions: Are they Metallophilic Interactions or Spodium Bonds?
Authors: Burguera Sergi , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSome literature reports have shown the existence of short Hg(II)⋅⋅⋅d8[M] (M=Pd, Pt) contacts between linear Hg(II) and square planar d8[M] complexes that have been defined as heterometallophilic interactions. Linear L−Hg(II)−L complexes exhibit a π‐hole or positive belt of electrostatic potential at the Hg atom, whereas late transition metals can serve as effective electron donors through their filled dz2 orbitals. This study provides compelling evidence that Hg(II)⋅⋅⋅d8[M] interactions should be more appropriately termed spodium bonds.
Upgrading Waste Polylactide via Catalyst‐Controlled Tandem Hydrolysis‐Oxidation
Authors: Wang Kaizhi , Sun Zehui , Guo Wendi , Chen Mugeng , Zhu Conglin , Fei Jiachen , Liu Yongmei , He Heyong , Cao Yong , Bao Xinhe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs plastic waste pollution continues to pose significant challenges to our environment, it is crucial to develop eco‐friendly processes that can transform plastic waste into valuable chemical products in line with the principles of green chemistry. One major challenge is breaking down plastic waste into economically valuable carbon resources. This however presents an opportunity for sustainable circular economies. In this regard, a flexible approach is presented that involves the use of supported‐metal catalysts to selectively degrade polylactide waste using molecular oxygen. This protocol has several advantages, including its operation under organic solvent‐free and mild conditions, simplicity of implementation, and high atom efficiency, resulting in minimal waste. This approach enables the chemical upcycling of polylactide waste into valuable chemicals such as pyruvic acid, acetic acid, or a mixture containing equimolar amounts of acetic acid and formaldehyde, providing a viable alternative for accessing key value‐added feedstocks from waste and spent plastics.
Olfactory function, neurofilament light chain, and cognitive trajectory: A 12‐year follow‐up of the Shanghai Aging Study
Authors: Xiao Zhenxu , Wu Wanqing , Ma Xiaoxi , Wu Jie , Liang Xiaoniu , Cao Yang , Zhao Qianhua , Ding Ding 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) modifies the association of olfactory dysfunction (OD) with long‐term cognitive decline. A total of 1125 non‐demented older adults in the Shanghai Aging Study were evaluated for baseline olfaction (12‐item Sniffin’ Sticks Smell Test) and cognitive trajectory by a 12‐year follow‐up. Baseline blood NfL was quantified using Single Molecular Array assay, and dichotomized into low and high levels based on the median value of concentration. The Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status‐40 were used to assess participants’ cognitive function. Cognitive decline was ascertained when dementia was diagnosed or documented in the medical record during follow‐up, or the MMSE declining rate (slope) was 1.0 SD larger than the group mean. OD participants presented a steeper trajectory of MMSE score (p interaction = 0.004) and a high risk of cognitive decline (adjusted HR [95% CI], 1.82 [1.11, 2.98]) only in those with high NfL. Participants with combined OD and high NfL showed the highest risk of cognitive decline (adjusted HR, 2.43 [1.20, 4.92]). OD, especially in combination with high blood NfL concentration, may be able to identify individuals who later incur cognitive deterioration.
Joint species distribution modeling reveals a changing prey landscape for North Pacific right whales on the Bering shelf
Authors: Wright Dana L. , Kimmel David G. , Roberson Nancy , Strausz David 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe eastern North Pacific right whale (NPRW) is the most endangered population of whale and has been observed north of its core feeding ground in recent years with low sea ice extent. Sea ice and water temperature are important drivers for zooplankton dynamics within the whale's core feeding ground in the southeastern Bering Sea, seasonally forming stable fronts along the shelf that give rise to distinct zooplankton communities. A northward shift in NPRW distribution driven by changing distribution of prey resources could put this species at increased risk of entanglement and vessel strikes. We modeled the abundance of NPRW prey, Calanus glacialis, Neocalanus, and Thysanoessa species, using a dynamic biophysical food web model of nine zooplankton guilds in the Bering shelf zooplankton community during a period of warming (2006–2016). This model is unique among prior zooplankton studies from the region in that it includes density dependence, thereby allowing us to ask whether species interactions influence zooplankton dynamics. Modeling confirmed the importance of sea ice and ocean temperature to zooplankton dynamics in the region. Density‐independent growth drove community dynamics, while dependent factors were comparatively minimal. Overall, Calanus responded to environment terms, with the strength and direction of response driven by copepodite stage. Neocalanus and Thysanoessa responses were weaker, likely due to their primary occurrence on the outer shelf. We also modeled the steady‐state (equilibrium) abundance of Calanus in conditions with and without wind gusts to test whether advection of outer shelf species might disrupt the steady‐state dynamics of Calanus abundance; the results did not support disruption. Given the annual fall sampling design, we interpret our results as follows: low‐ice‐extent winters induced stronger spring winds and weakened fronts on the shelf, thereby advecting some outer shelf species into the study region; increased development rates in these warm conditions influenced the proportion of C. glacialis copepodite stages over the season. Residual correlation suggests missing drivers, possibly predators, and phytoplankton bloom composition. Given the continued loss of sea ice in the region and projected continued warming, our findings suggest that C. glacialis will move northward, and thus, whales may move northward to continue targeting them.
Lack of spontaneous typical seizures during intracranial monitoring with stereo‐electroencephalography
Authors: Bottan Juan S. , Alshahrani Ashwaq , Gilmore Greydon , Steven David A. , Burneo Jorge G. , Lau Jonathan C. , McLachlan Richard S. , Parrent Andrew G. , MacDougall Keith W. , Diosy David C. , Mirsattari Seyed M. , Suller Marti Ana 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn the presurgical evaluation of patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE), occasionally, patients do not experience spontaneous typical seizures (STS) during a stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG) study, which limits its effectiveness. We sought to identify risk factors for patients who did not have STS during SEEG and to analyze the clinical outcomes for this particular set of patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients with DRE who underwent depth electrode implantation and SEEG recordings between January 2013 and December 2018.ResultsSEEG was performed in 155 cases during this period. 11 (7.2%) did not experience any clinical seizures (non‐STS group), while 143 experienced at least one patient‐typical seizure during admission (STS group). No significant differences were found between STS and non‐STS groups in terms of patient demographics, lesional/non‐lesional epilepsy ratio, pre‐SEEG seizure frequency, number of ASMs used, electrographic seizures or postoperative seizure outcome in those who underwent resective surgery. Statistically significant differences were found in the average number of electrodes implanted (7.0 in the non‐STS group vs. 10.2 in STS), days in Epilepsy Monitoring Unit (21.8 vs. 12.8 days) and the number of cases that underwent resective surgery following SEEG (27.3% vs. 60.8%), respectively. The three non‐STS patients (30%) who underwent surgery, all had their typical seizures triggered during ECS studies. Three cases were found to have psychogenic non‐epileptic seizures. None of the patients in the non‐STS group were offered neurostimulation devices. Five of the non‐STS patients experienced transient seizure improvement following SEEG.SignificanceWe were unable to identify any factors that predicted lack of seizures during SEEG recordings. Resective surgery was only offered in cases where ECS studies replicated patient‐typical seizures. Larger datasets are required to be able to identify factors that predict which patients will fail to develop seizures during SEEG.
Origin and post‐glacial evolution of surface cracks: A case study from the area of the Last Glaciation, north‐eastern Poland
Authors: Karasiewicz Tomasz , Hrynowiecka Anna , Weckwerth Piotr , Tobojko Lucyna , Pawłowski Dominik , Wysota Wojciech , Krawiec Arkadiusz , Dąbrowski Michał 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe analysis of LiDAR‐based digital elevation models revealed the existence of groups of longitudinal fractures in the ground in northern Poland at the limit of the ice sheet's extent during its last maximum. Our research on the closed elongated depressions (CEDs) of the Jedwabno test field (Szuć site, north‐east Poland) focuses on explaining their origins and their post‐glacial history. This region was covered by an ice sheet and glacitectonically active during the Vistulian, and at least some surface fractures are possible witnesses to this activity. Using geomorphological mapping, sedimentological and geophysical research, we assumed it was related that the origin of these features here is associated with groundwater migration at the end of the Vistulian glaciation or later when groundwater flow intensified due to a rapid climate warming that caused permafrost to melt. The thawing of permafrost caused to transition from continuous permafrost to discontinuous, which in turn created groundwater flow that was probably responsible for the development of the surface cracks (fractures). Radiocarbon, palaeobiological (pollen, Cladocera) and geochemical studies allowed for an estimation of the formation time of these unique surface cracks in the Older Dryas. Prevailing conditions were also reconstructed for the later dynamic changes of the end of the Late Vistulian glaciation and in the Late Holocene until the Subatlantic Period (Megalayan stage). The surface cracks with steep slopes, despite their small area, are extraordinary sedimentation traps that have, in a special way, retained an almost complete record of the environmental and climate changes of the Late Glacial. There are sedimentological gaps in the Holocene, especially after the Preboreal (old part of the Greenlandian Stage), caused by changes in water levels, aeolian processes and human activity.
The protective effect and mechanism of mangiferin on D‐galactose‐induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in aging mice by an integrated network pharmacology and experimental validation strategy
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Yanmei , Wang Zhengxuan , Zhou Wenbing , Ullah Hafiz , Cao Jianxin , Liu Yaping , Cheng Guiguang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMangiferin (MAN) was a natural bioactive xanthone with remarkable antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The purpose of this study to determine the protective influence of MAN on D‐galactose (D‐gal)‐induced aging and cognitive impairment, together with its underlying molecular mechanism. The network pharmacology molecular docking analysis revealed that MAN has a potential binding with aging‐related oxidative stress and apoptosis proteins. In D‐gal‐induced aging mice, MAN could significantly reduce D‐gal‐induced histopathological changes of liver and brain tissues. Moreover, MAN administration obviously increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, T‐AOC, GSH‐Px, and CAT) and decreased levels of AChE and MDA in the serum, liver, or brain tissues. Additionally, MAN alleviated learning and memory disorders and improved the exploration ability. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis results revealed that MAN could regulate the expressions of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway‐related proteins and apoptotic‐related proteins (Bax, Bcl‐2, and Caspase‐9) in the liver tissues. Therefore, these findings suggested that MAN can be used as a potent dietary supplement in functional foods for the protection against aging‐related impairments.
Let's call! Using the phone to increase vaccine acceptance
Authors: Armand Alex , Fracchia Mattia , Vicente Pedro C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic, we develop and test experimentally three phone‐based interventions to increase vaccine acceptance in Mozambique. The first endorses the vaccine with a simple positive message. The second adds the activation of social memory on the country's success in eradicating wild polio with vaccination campaigns. The third further adds a structured interaction with the participant to develop a critical view toward misleading information and minimize the sharing of fake news. We find that combining the endorsement with the stimulation of social memory and the structured interaction increases vaccine acceptance and trust in institutions.
Circulating low density neutrophils are associated with resistance to anti‐PD1 immunotherapy in squamous head and neck cancer
Authors: Arrazubi Virginia , Goñi Saioa , González‐Borja Iranzu , Hernandez‐Garcia Irene , Arasanz Hugo , Pérez‐Sanz Jairo , Bocanegra Ana Isabel , Kochan Grazyna , Escors David , Ruiz de Azúa Yerani , Elizalde Jesús María , Viúdez Antonio , Vera Ruth 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIdentification of predictive biomarkers to Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) is an unmet need.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study including 25 patients with HNSCC treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy after a prior platinum‐based regimen. Low density neutrophils (LDNs) and serum markers were analyzed.ResultsIn the immunotherapy cohort, patients with high LDN levels had a shorter progression free survival (PFS) (1.8 months vs. 10.9 months; *p = 0.034). Also, progressors showed higher percentage of LDNs compared to non‐progressors although significance was not reached (mean 20.68% vs. 4.095%, p = 0.0875). These findings were not replicated in patients treated with chemotherapy. High levels of interleukin‐7 (IL7) were correlated with a significantly longer overall survival (OS) (13.47 months 3.51 vs. months, *p = 0.013).ConclusionsHigh baseline circulating LDNs and low IL7 could identify a subset of patients intrinsically refractory to ICIs as monotherapy in HNSCC.
Beyond scientific and technical training: Assessing the relevance of empathy and assertiveness in future physiotherapists: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hernández‐Xumet Juan‐Elicio , García‐Hernández Alfonso‐Miguel , Fernández‐González Jerónimo‐Pedro , Marrero‐González Cristo‐Manuel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsEmpathy and assertiveness are two essential social skills for a health professional such as a physiotherapist and are necessary for developing moral thinking. Previous studies show that the development of empathy and other social skills improves as students progress in their studies. However, other authors show deterioration of empathy as students progress in their studies and acquire clinical experience. Training in soft skills, such as assertiveness, among health science students will have an impact on the quality of patient care. Effective communication, conflict resolution and the ability to work as part of a team are competencies that have been put to one side as a result of the recent COVID‐19 pandemic and it is important to resume training students in soft skills. The objective of this study is to investigate to determine the empathic and assertive state of physiotherapy university students.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study of physiotherapy university students was conducted in the 2022/2023 academic year. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) scales for empathy and the Rathus test for assertiveness (RAS) were used as study tools. Finally, 127 students participated in the study, 52.91% of the total population of physiotherapy students. The questionnaire was available for 4 weeks in November and December 2022.ResultsThe empathetic and assertive development of the students was found to be acceptable. Significant differences were also observed according to the gender variable in the students, with female students presenting better results (p = 0.01). Students who are working or have clinical experience in other professions score lower on the empathy personal distress subscale (p < 0.001).ConclusionFuture research should be considered to help improve clinical and professional expertise in physiotherapy students about empathic and assertive development. The findings provide new evidence on the levels of empathy and assertiveness in physiotherapy students.
Macular retinal and choroidal thickness profile in patients with thyroid‐associated orbitopathy compared to healthy individuals: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sabermoghaddam Aliakbar , Abrishami Mojtaba , Motamed Shariati Mehrdad , Salahi Zeinab 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsTo evaluate the macular thickness profile and central subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with thyroid‐associated orbitopathy (TAO) compared to healthy subjects.MethodsWe used the convenience sampling method and divided all participants into the patients and control groups. Based on the clinical activity score (CAS) in the first examination, the patient group was divided to two subgroups: the patients with CAS < 3 and the patients with CAS ≥ 3. Complete ophthalmologic examinations and optical coherence tomography imaging were performed for all participants.ResultsThe mean ± SD of central choroidal thickness was 277 ± 76.58 microns for the control and 326.07 ± 56.574 micron for the patient group which was statistically significant (p = 0.003). We also found that the parafoveal inner thickness is significantly lower in patients compared to healthy subjects (p = 0.02). A comparison of neuro‐structural data between the two subgroups of patients showed a significant difference in central choroidal thickness (p = 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that central choroidal thickness in patients with CAS ≥ 3 compared to those with CAS < 3 and also in the patient group compared to healthy individuals have a significantly increasing trend.
Downregulation of BIRC2 hinders the progression of rheumatoid arthritis through regulating TRADD
Authors: Rao Yanting , Xu Shengjing , Lu Ting , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Manman , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAimRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammation mediated by an autoimmune response. Baculoviral IAP repeat‐containing 2 (BIRC2) and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1‐associated death domain protein (TRADD) have been reported to be highly expressed in RA, while their specific roles during RA progression remain unclear. This study aims to explore the specific regulation of BIRC2/TRADD during the progression of RA.MethodsC28/I2 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish an in vitro RA cellular model. The expression level of BIRC2 and TRADD was examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell Counting Kit‐8 and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine cell viability and necroptosis, respectively. The oxidative stress markers were detected using commercial kits, and the pro‐inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA assay. The interaction between BIRC2 and TRADD was verified by co‐immunoprecipitation assay.ResultsBIRC2 and TRADD were discovered to be highly expressed in LPS‐mediated C28/I2 cells. BIRC2 knockdown was demonstrated to inhibit LPS‐induced cell viability loss, necroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in C28/I2 cells. BIRC2 could interact with TRADD and positively regulate TRADD expression. In addition, the protective role of BIRC2 knockdown against LPS‐mediated injuries in C28/I2 cells was partly weakened by TRADD overexpression.ConclusionIn summary, BIRC2 knockdown alleviated necroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in LPS‐mediated C28/I2 cells, which might correlate to the regulatory role of TRADD, indicating a novel target for the treatment of RA.
Localization and removal of nonpalpable contraceptive implants: Experience from a teaching hospital in Ethiopia: A case series
Authors: Abubeker Ferid A. , Tufa Tesfaye H. , Tolu Lemi Belay , Sium Abraham Fessehaye , Grentzer Jaclyn M. , Welderufael Mekdes Bahru , Prager Sarah 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the outcome of women presenting with nonpalpable contraceptive implants to a referral center in Ethiopia. In addition, we discuss our approach and experience with localization and removal of nonpalpable contraceptive implants.MethodsWe conducted a facility‐based retrospective review of patients evaluated for a nonpalpable contraceptive implant between September 2019 and March 2022 at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. SPHMMC is a tertiary teaching hospital with Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN) residency as well as a Family Planning fellowship program. The present study was approved by the institutional review board of SPHMMC.ResultsOf the 68 patients reviewed, 48 were referred from other facilities. A total of 24 (35.3%) patients had at least one previous failed attempt at removal before referral. On ultrasound examination, 27 (40.3%) implants were found below the muscle fascia. Implant removal procedures were successfully done at the outpatient clinic in 65 (95.6%) patients including 40/40 (100%) suprafascial and 25/27 (92.6%) subfascial implants. Removal of subfascial implants was performed in the operating room in two patients. We failed to localize the device in one patient currently on follow‐up. All removals were performed by OBGYNs with subspecialty training in family planning or current fellows supervised by subspecialists. No post‐procedure complications have been documented.ConclusionOur findings show that with meticulous evaluation and careful patient selection, localization and removal of nonpalpable implants in outpatient settings are successful. Initial ultrasonography minimizes delays and allows for same‐day implant localization and removal.