bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projected runoff declines from plant physiological effects on precipitation
Authors: Lesk Corey , Winter Jonathan , Mankin Justin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The impact of plants on runoff under high atmospheric CO2 is a major uncertainty for future water resources. Theory and Earth System Models (ESMs) suggest that stricter plant stomatal regulation under high CO2 will reduce transpiration, potentially boosting runoff. Yet, across a 12-member ensemble of idealized ESM simulations that isolate plant responses to CO2, we show that lower transpiration robustly enhances runoff over only 5% of global land area. Precipitation changes are a significant signal of CO2 physiological forcing over 31-57% of land areas across models, and are five times more important than transpiration changes in driving runoff responses. Crucially, ESMs largely disagree on where physiologically forced precipitation changes occur, but agree that plant responses in most locations are as likely to reduce runoff as increase it. These results imply that large model uncertainties in precipitation responses, rather than transpiration responses, explain why ESMs disagree on plant physiologically driven runoff changes.
Visceral adipose tissue and nephrolithiasis risk: Evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wu Tianen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the dose‒response association and potential causal effect between VAT volume and nephrolithiasis risk.
Methods: Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between nephrolithiasis risk and VAT quartiles. Restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were employed to investigate potential nonlinear associations between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the likelihood of developing nephrolithiasis. A Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to assess the causal relationship between VAT volume and nephrolithiasis risk.
Results: Participants in the highest VAT quartile demonstrated a significantly greater risk of nephrolithiasis than did those in the lowest quartile across all the models: crude mode (OR [95% CI], 3.00 [1.78, 5.07]), model 1 (OR [95% CI], 2.24 [1.28, 3.92]), model 2 (OR [95% CI], 2.18 [1.24, 3.83]), and model 3 (OR [95% CI], 1.95 [0.99, 3.82]). The RCS analysis revealed a linear relationship between VAT volume and nephrolithiasis (P-nonlinear=0.443). Mendelian randomization analysis provided consistent evidence that higher VAT volume was causally associated with increased nephrolithiasis risk (OR [95% CI], 1.03 [1.02, 1.04]; P<0.001).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated a positive linear causal association between VAT volume and nephrolithiasis risk.
Calculation method and analysis of residual stress in the strip bending roller straightening process
Authors: ZHU Xiaoyu , WANG XiaoGang , Wu Huihai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The residual stresses in the roll straightening process of curved rolls of metal plates and strips are investigated by taking thin specification plates and strips as examples. Using the curvature integral and elastic‒plastic mechanics theory, the trajectory of the strip in the bending roll straightening process is analyzed, and a numerical analytical calculation method for the continuous straightening process of the strip in the bending roll is established. The results are verified by establishing an MARC finite element simulation. The effects of yield strength, plasticity rate and bending roll amount on the residual strain (stress) after straightening are investigated. In the straightening process, with increasing bending roll, the residual strain converges in the region Γ, the region Γ decreases with increasing yield strength, and the height of the wave increases with increasing yield strength, bending roll and plasticity rate. In addition, experiments were designed for verification. The results show that the logic of this calculation method is reasonable, the prediction error is within the scope of engineering application, and the method meets the intelligent needs of the bending roller straightening process.
Umbilical vein catheter insertion without umbilical remnant in neonatal emergencies - A pilot study
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Ma Hairan , Yan Caiman , Xie Yanmei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Investigate the feasibility of umbilical vein catheter insertion without umbilical remnants.
Methods:A total of 72 infants who needed umbilical vein catheter insertion was included. The study was conducted from October 1, 2020, to December 10, 2022, from the neonatal intensive care unit at HuiZhou Central People’s Hospital. The infants were categorized into the two groups according to whether their umbilical stumps were ligated to the end near the annulus umbilicalis using a rubber-ring or suture line. Umbilical vein catheter tip positions, medications given via umbilical vein catheter, duration from birth to insertion, duration of umbilical vein catheter indwelling time, removal for no blood aspiration, limited use, unplanned removal, and any umbilical catheter-associated complications were compared between two groups.
Results:In comparisons of umbilical vein catheter tip positions, characteristics of utilization and complications revealed no statistically significant differences. The duration from birth to insertion in the group without remnants was 7.82 hours (range 4.44-14.57), while it was 11.89 hours (range 5.50-20.34) in the group with remnants. The duration of umbilical vein catheter indwelling time in the group without remnants was 6.50±3.06 days, while it was 6.10±2.76 days in the group with remnants.In the group without remnants, 12.5% (4/32) experienced abdominal distension compared with 5.0% (2/40) in the group with remnants. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage was 12.5% (4/32) versus 2.5% (1/40).
Conlusions: This study indicates that it is practical to perform umbilical vein catheter insertion without umbilical remnants. It provides another way to obtain vessel access for initial stabilization.
Registration number is ChiCTR2300071411.
Date of registration：15/05/2023, retrospectively registered
"I definitely cannot afford to be feeling poorly if there's no need to be": A qualitative evaluation of antiviral uptake following suspected occupational exposure to avian influenza
Authors: Pae Riinu , Findlater Lucy , Amlôt Richard , Capelastegui Fernando , Dabrera Gavin , Humphreys Clare , Kumbang Jharna , Oliver Isabel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Growing numbers of people have been potentially exposed to avian influenza (AI), as the United Kingdom has managed the largest and most sustained series outbreaks in recent years. Antiviral medication is recommended for exposed individuals for chemoprophylaxis to reduce the severity of illness and the likelihood of secondary transmission. However, some individuals have been hesitant or declined antivirals. In this study, we aimed to identify the factors affecting the uptake of and adherence to antiviral medication.Methods We interviewed 14 individuals occupationally exposed to avian influenza and conducted focus groups with 15 public health professionals involved in advising and arranging antivirals. The data were analysed thematically based on COM-B factors (capability, opportunity, motivation).Results Although participants saw avian influenza as a severe disease, most did not consider themselves susceptible to it because they felt safe in personal protective equipment and knew that bird-to-human transmission was rare. The biggest barrier to uptake and adherence was experiencing side effects, especially if these disrupted day-to-day life or work. Participants who took antivirals followed medical advice in a novel situation, had health conditions or vulnerable family members they wanted to protect. As responding to an outbreak was exhausting, easy access to antivirals for those at most risk was considered important for improving uptake.Conclusions The factors affecting antiviral uptake were multifaceted. Public health interventions should prioritise those at most risk and address multiple components of behaviour, such as advising how to manage side effects, addressing concerns about long-term usage and providing convenient access to antivirals for those at most risk.
A Branched Convolutional Neural Network for Forecasting the Occurrence of Hazes in Paris using Meteorological Maps with Different Characteristic Scales
Authors: Wang Chien 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A deep convolutional neural network has been developed to forecast the occurrence of the low visibility events or hazes in Paris. It is trained by using multi-decadal daily regional maps of various meteorological and hydrological variables as the input features and surface visibility observations as the targets. To better preserve the characteristic spatial-scale information of different input features during the training, two branched architectures have recently been developed. These new architectures have improved the performance of the network, producing impressive scores in validation and also in an evaluation using the data of 2021 and 2022 that have not been used in the training and validation.
Notch1 signaling pathway contributes to sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the cell cycle, mitochondrial function, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhao Man , Shi Jianfei , Duan Xiaoling , Mi Lili , Wang Jinfeng , Han Guangjie , Han Xin , Yin Xiaolei , Li Ning , Hou Jiaojiao , Yin Fei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Sorafenib is the standard first-line molecular targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, due to its high resistance rates, only a limited number of patients derive benefit from it. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate novel resistance mechanisms to overcome sorafenib’s acquired resistance.
In this study, two sorafenib-resistant HCC cell lines were established using the method of increasing concentrations. The activation of the Notch1 signaling pathway in drug-resistant cells and their parental counterparts was compared, and the impact of the Notch1 signaling pathway on the cell cycle, mitochondrial function, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in resistant cells was further investigated.
The Notch1 signaling pathway was aberrantly activated in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells, and the resistant cells exhibited enhanced proliferation, anti-apoptotic, migratory, and invasive capabilities. Mechanism exploration revealed that overactivation of the Notch1 signaling pathway reduced the efficacy of sorafenib in inhibiting the G1 phase of the cell cycle, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibiting the EMT in HCC cells, leading to drug resistance. When the Notch1 signaling pathway was inhibited, resistant cells regained their sensitivity to sorafenib treatment. The mechanism of sorafenib resistance mediated by Notch1 signaling pathway may provide a new target for HCC treatment.
Synthesis of a new catalyst (Cu-MOF235) and its optimization for dye removal by wet-oxidation
Authors: Shadigooo Roya , Salimi Farhad , Azimi Neda 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study focuses on enhancing the catalytic properties of copper-modified MOF235 (Cu-MOF235) in the wet-oxidation for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solutions, while also optimizing process conditions. The impact of variables such as catalyst dosage (0.005–0.02 g), pH (4–10), temperature (20–40°C), reaction time (5–60 min), and catalyst type on dye removal is investigated. The SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD techniques were used to investigate the structural and physical characteristics of the synthesized catalyst. The statistical approach of Design of Experiments (DOE) systematically establishes the relationship between process factors and output. Increasing catalyst dosage boosts active sites for faster degradation or transformation of dye compounds, although diminishing returns may arise. Elevated temperatures reduce activation energy, increasing the MB removal rate. Cu-MOF235 surpasses MOF235 due to enhanced active sites, robust chemical interactions, surface modifications, potential synergies, catalytic degradation, and altered solution chemistry. The degradation of MB in the presence of Cu-MOF235 and aeration can proceed through a series of steps by adsorption, activation of oxygen, catalytic degradation, formation of intermediate products, complete degradation, and desorption. This research underscores the significant impact of catalyst modification on dye removal and offers insights into optimizing such processes.
RETRACTED: Circ_0088200 promotes the migration and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through the miR-127-5p/MMP1 axis
Authors: Cai Yujie , Qiu Rong , Han yipeng , Huang Qin , Lu xiaoxi , Qin jiayu , Ouyang Qingqing , Yang Min 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Finding the Right Balance: A Framework analysis of staff and service user experiences of moving to remote drug and alcohol support during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Brown Katherine E , Lloyd Nigel , Fakoya Olujoke , Freethy Imogen , Bontoft Charis , Garcia-Iglesias Jaime , Wellings Amander , Wagner Adam P , Miners Lisa , Jackson John , Dennington-Price Abi , Simmons Isobel , Cowe Marion , Greco Honey-Anne , Newby Katie , Howlett Neil , Wellsted David , Bartington Suzanne , Breslin Gavin , Jones Julia , Wills Wendy 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Dependence on alcohol and other substances contributes significantly to poor health globally. Deaths associated with substance misuse have increased since the COVID-19 pandemic period and providing effective support for recovery is critical. The pandemic required an unprecedented change to recovery services for substance misuse, from in-person care to mainly telephone and online support. The qualitative study described here forms part of a wider evaluation and was one of the first to explore the move to remote models of recovery services.
Methods
This was a mixed-methods qualitative study, employing in-depth interviews, focus groups, text-based asynchronous interviews, digital timelines and creative vignettes. Framework analysis was undertaken, with focus on service user out-of-pocket expenses as part of a health economic evaluation. A Public Involvement in Research group, including people with lived experience, was involved in study design and analysis. Staff (N=36) and drug and alcohol service users (N=28) in an English city participated in one or more of the data collection methods. Findings were shared with staff and service users and their input shaped the final analysis.
Results
There was a strong desire to retain remote service delivery alongside the return of in-person provision, post-pandemic. Remote service delivery was not appropriate for everyone however, and not all aspects of service delivery work well remotely. Findings are organized under two main themes: Finding the Right Balance and Resourcing Hybrid. Four sub-themes sit within Finding the Right Balance. These are: Lockdown and remote services: from supportive context to excuse to ‘go wild’; Maintaining therapeutic effects remotely: trust, rapport and motivation; Characteristics of people and components of service delivery; and Efficiency and convenience of remote. Two sub-themes sit within Resourcing Hybrid. These are: Investing in Hybrid; and Service users’ resource needs.
Conclusions
Optimal delivery of drug and alcohol services should include remote support options, alongside in-person and outreach or home-visiting, where needed. Services may need to invest in training and resourcing for a hybrid offer. Service user preferences and characteristics including their personal resources, health and wellbeing, and readiness to address substance misuse should be central to deciding to whom remote care should be offered.
Study registration ISRTCN50804656 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN50804656
The Diagnostic And Therapeutic Value Of Bronchoscopy In COVID-19 Patients On Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO) Support: A Single Center Experience.
Authors: Zeybek Burak , Kumar Nicolas , Tickoo Mayanka , Joseph Phillip , Bardia Amit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Mechanically ventilated patients COVID-19 patients on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) support often require bronchoscopy for pulmonary toilet. However, bronchoscopy in these patients may lead to tracheobronchial bleeding from instrumentation and vial aerosolization. The aim of this study was to assess the indications, benefits, and complications of bronchoscopy in critically ill patients with COVID-19 on VV-ECMO.
Methods: This was a single center observational cohort study comprising of adults with COVID-19 infection that required mechanical ventilation and VV-ECMO from January 1, 2019 to November 1, 2021 and needed bronchoscopy. The primary outcome was improvement in patient outcome defined as either in improvement in PaO2 levels or VV-ECMO parameters 6 hours after the procedure. Secondary outcomes included microbiological data from the BAL samples. Mann-Whitney U and χ2 tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Wilcoxon rank sum test for comparing correlated non-parametric continuous data. The median difference was calculated using the Hodges-Lehman estimator.
Results: A total of 89 bronchoscopies were performed in 44 patients with COVID-19 on VV-ECMO. Median (IQR) PaO2 was 64 (57-75) mmHg prior to bronchoscopy, whereas it was mildly improved to 70 (58-89) mmHg, 6 hours after the procedure [Hodges-Lehman median difference (95% CI): 4.5 (2.0 – 8.0) mm Hg, p <0.01]. There was no significant difference in VV-ECMO parameters before and after the procedure. 10 patients had different microorganisms in broncheo-alveolar lavage that were not diagnosed with tracheal aspirate. No patient developed new bleeding post bronchoscopy requiring interruption of anticoagulation. No proceduralist reported testing positive for COVID-19 up to 2 weeks post bronchoscopy.
Conclusions: Bronchoscopy is a feasible and relatively safe procedure in COVID-19 patients on VV-ECMO and might be beneficial in select patients to improve oxygenation and tailor antibiotic therapy. Larger studies are required to evaluate the overall impact on patient’s recovery with serial bronchoscopies.
Design and fabrication of high-performance n+MoS 2 /i-MoS 2 /p-Si nano heterostructure Tandem Solar Cell
Authors: R PARASURAMAN , k rathnakannan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper reports investigation of n+MoS2/i-MoS2/p-Si tandem heterostructure with different dimensionalities and suitable choice of band alignment for achieving improved photovoltaic performances. DC magnetraon sputtering and Multi physics tool were used for fabrication and optimal selection of the various layesrs of the photovoltaic cell respectively. The emitter and buffer layers based on MoS2 exhibits an improved optical performance with better absorption of photons in the band spectrum 300nm to 850 nm range. The emitter layer has been chosen to effieciently collect electrons to improve the charge carriers distribution of the carrier collection effectively. The emitter layer is interfaced with i-MoS2 buffer layer to develop barrier potential and to intern improve the Open-circuit-Voltage of the cell. The photo-generation rate of the cell was found to be 8*10 27 m-2 s-1 due to optimized intrinsic MoS2 layer thickness. The tandem photovoltaic heterostructure demonstrates Open-circuit-Voltage (Voc) 1.5V and short circuit Current density (Jsc) 40.127mAcm-2. The efficiency and External Quantum Efficieny of the solar cell are found to be 30.8 % and 78% respectively. The PV cell reported in this work exhibits an unique memristive behaviour under light and dark conditions. The comprehensive assessment on the proposed PV cell infer that it can be environmentally stable as its IV characteristics found to be memristive (1000 cycles) and an efficient one as it possesses an excellent carrier distribution.
Nipple-areolar complex malposition in breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy: a multi-institutional retrospective observational study in Japan
Authors: Kato Sayuri , Mori Hiroki , Saiga Miho , Watanabe Satoko , Sasada Shinsuke , Sasaki Ayano , Ogiya Akiko , Yamamoto Mao , Narui Kazutaka , Takano Junji , Seki Hirohito , Nagura Naomi , Ishitobi Makoto , Shien Tadahiko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Position of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) is an important factor in the aesthetic impression of the breast, and NAC malposition is often an issue in breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of NAC malposition depending on several factors using data quantified with the Mamma Balance application (Medic Engineering K.K., Kyoto, Japan).
Methods
Patients who underwent unilateral breast reconstruction after NSM at 8 hospitals in Japan between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively investigated. Using Mamma Balance, NAC malposition was quantified separately in horizontal and vertical directions using patient photographs from pre-operatively and 6–24 months post-operatively. The degree of malpositioning was then statistically compared using various factors.
Results
The NAC deviated more cranially and medially with implants than with flaps. Cases with latissimus dorsi flap showed lateral malposition more often than cases with deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap. With flaps, lateral incisions showed more lateral malposition and peri-areolar incisions tended to show more medial NAC malposition. In cases with severe post-operative infection of the implant, the NAC tended to deviate cranially. In radiation cases, the NAC deviated cranially. No significant difference was observed according to degree of breast ptosis or use of the pull-down operation. Only a very weak correlation was observed between a larger amount of mastectomy and more cranial NAC malposition with both flaps and implants.
Conclusions
This study provides insights into the tendencies and characteristics of NAC malposition.
A GPS/BDS Based Train Positioning Method Using Non-differential Range Measurements
Authors: Jiang Wei , Zhou Zijian , Wang Jian , Cai Baigen , Rizos Chris , Liu Dan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Compared with pseudorange measurement, carrier phase tracking is much less noisy, which can provide accurate positioning solutions. The existing carrier phase-based positioning methods rely on precise ephemeris or base station, which may cause poor real-time and increase complexity in the system. To simplify the calculation model and achieve accurate navigation solutions with a stand-alone receiver, a new GPS/BDS based real-time non-differential positioning method is proposed. Due to the need to estimate the ambiguity terms of carrier phase measurements, the dimension of the state is larger than that of the measurement, the system observability is evaluated via the observability degrees. Both the train test on Beijing- Shenyang high speed railway and simulation were carried out, and the results confirm that the multi-constellation method can improve the positioning accuracy compared with stand-alone cases. The position and velocity Root Mean Square of the proposed method are (0.9022 m, 0.9140 m, 1.1621 m) and (0.0818 m/s, 0.0958m/s, 0.0289m/s) in the north, east, down directions. The proposed method has improved positioning performance in terms of accuracy and observability compared with different combinations of measurement methods.