bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Turbulence Intermittency, Fine Structure, and Flux Correction in the Taklimakan Desert
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhang Hongsheng , Cai Xuhui , Song Yu , Zhang Xiaoye 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The Taklimakan Desert is one of key climate regions in East Asia, both highly influencing and highly sensitive to local/regional climate change. Based on a comprehensive observation experiment from 1 to 31 May 2022 in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, the characteristics and mechanisms of turbulence intermittency are investigated in this study, with the purpose to correct turbulent fluxes. Using an improved algorithm to decompose turbulence and submeso motions, two intermittency regimes are recognized in the Taklimakan Desert, namely, D and T intermittency and onD intermittency. The former occurs under strongly stable conditions, characterized by the coexistence of dynamic and thermodynamic turbulence intermittency. The latter occurs under strongly unstable conditions and represents only dynamic turbulence intermittency. Physically, the D and T intermittency regime is related to submeso waves, whereas the onD regime is caused by the horizontal convergence/divergence of convective circulations. With the influence of intermittency and submeso motions, the observed turbulent statistics deviate from reality, which would mask the similarity relationships. To overcome the problem, turbulent statistics are corrected by removing submeso components from original fluctuations. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated based on the flux–gradient relationships. It is also suggested that, for a big dataset, the impact of onD intermittency can be simply corrected by a correction factor while that of D and T intermittency cannot. The results of this study are helpful to develop the parameterization of turbulent exchange processes in the Taklimakan Desert, which is significant to improve the accuracy of weather forecasting and climate prediction.

Significance Statement
The Taklimakan Desert plays an important role in the evolution of weather and climate in East Asia. With strong surface thermal forcing, turbulence often shows distinctive intermittency, which largely constrains the evaluation of land–atmosphere exchange in this key climate region. This study aims to understand the characteristics of turbulence intermittency and its physical mechanisms, and further to correct the influence of turbulence intermittency on turbulent fluxes in the Taklimakan Desert. This is significant because the results are helpful to improve the parameterization of subgrid processes in the key climate region for atmospheric models, which points the way toward enhancing the accuracy of weather forecasting and climate prediction.
Why Is the Westward Rossby Wave Propagation from the California Coast “Too Fast”?
Authors: Clarke Allan J. , Buchanan Sean 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Past work has shown that interannual California coastal sea level variability is mostly of equatorial origin, and decades of satellite sea surface height (SSH) and in situ dynamic height observations indicate that this interannual signal propagates westward from the California coast as nondispersive Rossby waves (RWs). These observations agree with standard linear vertical mode theory except that even when mean flow and bottom topography are considered, the fastest baroclinic vertical mode RW in each case is always much slower (1.6–2.3 cm s−1) than the observed 4.2 cm s−1. This order-1 disagreement is only resolved if the standard bottom boundary condition that the vertical velocity w′ = 0 is replaced by perturbation pressure p′ = 0. Zero p′ is an appropriate bottom boundary condition because south of San Francisco the northeastern Pacific Ocean boundary acts approximately like an impermeable vertical wall to the interannual equatorial wave signal, and therefore equatorial quasigeostrophic p′ is horizontally constant along the boundary. Thus, if equatorial p′ = 0 at the bottom, then this condition also applies off California. The large-scale equatorial ocean boundary signal is due to wind-forced eastward group velocity equatorial Kelvin waves, which at interannual and lower frequencies propagate at such a shallow angle to the horizontal that none of the baroclinic equatorial Kelvin wave signal reaches the ocean floor before striking the eastern Pacific boundary. Off California this signal can thus be approximated by a first baroclinic mode with p′ = 0 at the bottom, and hence the long RW speed there agrees with that observed (both approximately 4.2 cm s−1).

Significance Statement
The California Current System is one of the most biologically rich and best-documented coastal regions in the world. In this region coastal sea level propagates westward from the coast at about 110 km month−1, slow enough to enable us to make large-scale ocean climate forecasts of the California Current ecosystem using coastal sea level. Although the westward speed seems slow, theoretically it is about double what we would expect. Offered here is an explanation of why this speed is “too fast” by linking the California wave signal to the equator, El Niño, and the shallow equatorial ocean response to the wind.
Performance of an adjustable compression wrap in occupational leg swelling
Authors: Taha Wassila , Benigni Jean Patrick , Uhl Jean François , Carpentier Patrick H , Filori Pascal , Bishara Rashad 
Published: January 2024

Background Edema in some subjects worsens over time and wraps help to reduce the leg volume. Material and methods An adjustable compression wrap was tried on volunteers for 5 h and volumes measured in each limb before and after wrapping using a 3D surface scanner (HandySCAN 3D®) to estimate the volume of the leg. The contralateral leg was used as control. Results We observed a significant decrease in volume in the wrap legs and an increase in the control legs ( p < .001), both in the lower part of leg ( p = .001) and in the upper part ( p = .001). Conclusions Using the Readywrap® for 5 hours significantly reduces the leg volume. This study enables Readywrap to be studied in a population that is easy to observe in the context of a research program. The Handyscan3D® was shown accurate and reproducible to assess leg volume in future studies.
Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Preservation Rhinoplasty: A Review
Authors: Ghasemi Shohreh , Dashti Mahmood 
Published: January 2024

Study Design: This review explores the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning in preservation rhinoplasty. Preservation rhinoplasty is a surgical technique that aims to enhance the aesthetic appearance of the nose while preserving its natural structures and functions. Artificial intelligence and deep learning offer new avenues for improving surgical planning, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative analysis in this specialized field. Objective: The objective of this review is to examine how AI and deep learning can enhance preservation rhinoplasty by providing tools for precise surgical planning, real-time guidance during surgery, and comprehensive postoperative analysis. Methods: The review synthesizes information from relevant studies and articles in the field of rhinoplasty, AI, and deep learning. It discusses the potential benefits and challenges associated with the integration of AI into preservation rhinoplasty, drawing from the literature and expert insights. Results: The review highlights several key findings: Surgical Planning: Artificial intelligence can analyze preoperative imaging data to assist surgeons in planning the procedure accurately. It can predict postoperative outcomes and enhance discussions with patients. Intraoperative Guidance: Artificial intelligence can provide real-time guidance to surgeons, ensuring the preservation of natural nasal structures during surgery. Postoperative Analysis: Artificial intelligence can automate the analysis of postoperative images and patient-reported outcomes, aiding in assessing surgical success and patient satisfaction. Challenges and Ethical Considerations: The integration of AI in preservation rhinoplasty should prioritize patient safety, ethical considerations, and validation to ensure its effectiveness. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence has the potential to greatly impact the field of preservation rhinoplasty. Using advanced algorithms and machine learning techniques, AI can assist surgeons in analyzing patient data, predicting outcomes, and optimizing surgical techniques. This technology can help improve surgical precision, reduce complications, and enhance patient satisfaction. However, it is important to note that AI should be seen as a tool to support and enhance the surgeon’s expertise rather than replacing human judgment and experience. As AI continues to evolve, it is crucial for surgeons to stay updated with the latest advancements and incorporate them judiciously into their practice to achieve the best possible outcomes for their patients.
Long-Term outcomes of pediatric dacryocystorhinostomy in a single medical center– a retrospective study
Authors: Ben Ishai Meydan , Sternfeld Amir , Schwalb Liat , Dadon Judith , Krubiner Mor , Shochat Tzippy , Ben Artsi Elad , Soudry Ethan , Avisar Inbal 
Published: January 2024

Purpose To examine the long-term success rate of pediatric endoscopic DCR surgery via telephone questionnaires, as determined by patients and their parents. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent DCR surgery at the Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel between 2010 and 2020. We performed long-term follow-ups to assess the quality of life, surgical complications, and satisfaction with surgical outcomes. Results Our study includes seventy-nine patients with a total of 108 eyes. The mean age at the time of DCR was 7.05 years (Std = 4, min = 0.3, max = 17.7) Mean follow-up time was 5.7 years (Std =2.5, min = 1.4, max = 11.1). Tubes were inserted for a mean of 129 days (Std = 101). Fifty-seven patients (72%) declared they had no complications after surgery, three patients (4%) reported pain after surgery, and 14 patients (17.7%) reported tube extrusion, which occurred 7–21 days after surgery. Forty-four patients (56%) reported no recurrence of symptoms, 29 (37%) complained of mild epiphora, and 18 (23%) reported some ocular discharge. Sixty-eight patients (86%) stated that they did not undergo additional surgery, while the remaining 11 (14%) reported undergoing a revision operation for symptom control. Satisfaction rate (1–7) mean score reported was 6.15 (Std = 1.6). Sixty-two (78%) reported improved quality of life, while 17 (22%) reported no improvement. Our questionnaire results have been compared with the TEARS scores with similar findings. Conclusion Regardless of its etiology, endoscopic DCR surgery in the pediatric population is safe and efficient, with a high long-term patient satisfaction rate, as reported via a telephone questionnaire.
Investigation of flexible graphene hybrid knitted sensor for joint motion recognition based on convolutional neural network fusion long short-term memory network
Authors: Shao Qin Yi , Zhang Yilin , Liu Jun , Sun Zhan , Dong Shijian 
Published: January 2024

Wearable electronics have attracted have attracted widespread attentions for their promising applications in motion monitoring and human-computer interaction. This paper proposes a flexible wearable joint movement intelligent sensing and recognition system to achieve stable and reliable motion feature extraction and recognition. Flexible graphene hybrid knitted sensor were prepared by transferring graphenes (GNs) agent onto stretchable knitted products via a simple spray-drying approach. The small dynamic movement of human joints for the prepared GNs hybrid sensing gloves, elbow pads and knee pads were converted into electrical signals for sensitive detection. The convolutional neural network fusion long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) network with self-attention mechanism (SAM) is established for feature training and intelligent dynamic recognition of the measured joint information. The interconnected conductive networks endowed knitted sensor with good flexibility and remarkable electrical conductivity of 37 S/m. The unique conductive networks in the fabric offered excellent linearity and repeatable resistance response variation for better detection of joint motion. The resistant signal was analyzed by feature extraction, data correlation capture and time sequence relationship modeling. Finally, the test results show that the proposed CNN-LSTM with SAM network achieves 97%, 96% and 100% correct recognition rates for gesture signals, elbow and wrist signals and knee signals respectively, which is obviously higher than other recognition algorithms. It has great application prospects in the fields of smart wear, medical detection, and smart elderly care.
Delays in diagnosis and surgery of sarcoma patients during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain
Authors: Carrillo-García Jaime , Lacerenza Serena , Hindi Nadia , García Irene Carrasco , Marquina Gloria , Cano Cano Juana María , Trufero Javier Martínez , Sevillano Tripero Alberto Rafael , Luis García Tania , Cuesta Rioboo Manuel Jorge , Moura David S. , Renshaw Marta , Mondaza-Hernández Jose L. , Di Lernia Davide , Gutierrez Antonio , Martin-Broto Javier 
Published: January 2024

Background and objectives: Social distancing and quarantine implanted during the COVID-19 outbreak could have delayed the accession of oncologic patients to hospitals and treatments. This study analysed the management of sarcoma patients during this period in five Spanish hospitals. Design and methods: Clinical data from adult sarcoma patients, soft tissue and bone sarcomas, managed during the COVID-19 outbreak, from 15 March to 14 September 2020 (Covid cohort), were retrospectively collected and time for diagnosis, surgery and active treatments were compared with sarcoma patients managed during the same pre-pandemic period in 2018 (Control cohort). Results: A total of 126 and 182 new sarcoma patients were enrolled in the Covid and Control cohorts, respectively, who were mainly diagnosed as soft tissue sarcomas (81.0% and 80.8%) and at localized stage (80.2% and 79.1%). A diagnostic delay was observed in the Covid cohort with a median time for the diagnosis of 102.5 days (range 6–355) versus 83 days (range 5–328) in the Control cohort ( p = 0.034). Moreover, a delay in surgery was observed in cases with localized disease from the Covid cohort with a median time of 96.0 days (range 11–265) versus 54.5 days (range 2–331) in the Control cohort ( p = 0.034). However, a lower delay for neoadjuvant radiotherapy was observed in the Covid cohort with a median time from the diagnosis to the neoadjuvant radiotherapy of 47 days (range 27–105) versus 91 days (range 27–294) in the Control cohort ( p = 0.039). No significant differences for adjuvant radiotherapy, neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant/adjuvant palliative chemotherapy were observed between both cohorts. Neither progression-free survival (PFS) nor overall survival (OS) was significantly different. Conclusion: Delays in diagnosis and surgery were retrospectively observed in sarcoma patients during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain, while the time for neoadjuvant radiotherapy was reduced. However, no impact on the PFS and OS was observed.
Improvement in Protective Sensation: Clinical Evidence From a Randomized Controlled Trial for Treatment of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy With 10 kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation
Authors: Argoff Charles E. , Armstrong David G. , Kagan Zachary B. , Jaasma Michael J. , Bharara Manish , Bradley Kerry , Caraway David L. , Petersen Erika A. ,   for Investigators
Published: January 2024

Background: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) can result in the loss of protective sensation, in which people are at twice the likelihood of foot ulceration and three times the risk of lower extremity amputation. Here, we evaluated the long-term effects of high-frequency (10 kHz) paresthesia-independent spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on protective sensation in the feet and the associated risk of foot ulceration for individuals with PDN. Methods: The SENZA-PDN clinical study was a randomized, controlled trial in which 216 participants with PDN were randomized to receive either conventional medical management (CMM) alone or 10 kHz SCS plus CMM, with optional treatment crossover after 6 months. At study visits (baseline through 24 months), 10-g monofilament sensory assessments were conducted at 10 locations per foot. Two published methods were used to evaluate protective sensation via classifying risk of foot ulceration. Results: Participants in the 10 kHz SCS group reported increased numbers of sensate locations as compared to CMM alone ( P < .001) and to preimplantation ( P < .01) and were significantly more likely to be at low risk of foot ulceration using both classification methods. The proportion of low-risk participants approximately doubled from preimplantation to 3 months postimplantation and remained stable through 24 months ( P ≤ .01). Conclusions: Significant improvements were observed in protective sensation from preimplantation to 24 months postimplantation for the 10 kHz SCS group. With this unique, disease-modifying improvement in sensory function, 10 kHz SCS provides the potential to reduce ulceration, amputation, and other severe sequelae of PDN. Trial Registration: The SENZA-PDN study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT03228420.
School Accountability and Student Social-Emotional Learning: Evidence From the OECD's Survey on Social and Emotional Skills
Authors: Gao (高星原) Xingyuan , Lin (林琦) Qi , Xia (夏建刚) Jiangang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of accountability mechanisms on the social and emotional learning (SEL) competencies of students in schools in Suzhou, China. Design/Approach/Methods The study utilized survey data from schools in Suzhou, China, to explore how various inspection schemes and accountability measures differentially influence students’ SEL competencies. The study employed multilevel statistical analysis to examine the relationship between accountability measures and SEL outcomes. Findings The study's results suggest that while some accountability measures are associated with improvements in certain SEL skills, most have no effect on or negatively impact SEL competencies. Originality/Value This study is one of the few existing studies on the impact of accountability mechanisms on SEL competencies in schools. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, organizational scholars, and practitioners. Notably, the findings challenge the assumption that accountability mechanisms necessarily improve educational outcomes and suggest the need for more nuanced approaches to educational accountability policies.
Endometriosis on TikTok: Evaluating social media misinformation and the role of healthcare professionals
Authors: Isaac Sarah , Acero Nicole , Kolesnikova Kateryna , Howell Emily 
Published: January 2024

Introduction: TikTok is often the first source teens and young adult patients turn to for medical information, a short-form social media video application known to promote videos with inaccurate information. The primary goal of this study was to characterize popular endometriosis misinformation found on TikTok, with the secondary goal of describing attitudes surrounding endometriosis on TikTok so that physicians can be knowledgeable about the content available on the internet, and be prepared when patients talk about endometriosis misinformation. Methods: The top 100 videos under the three most popular endometriosis search terms were assessed for misinformation in four categories: incorrect causes, incorrect symptoms, incorrect treatment, and other incorrect information. Non-English, inaudible, duplicated, or irrelevant videos were excluded from analysis. Videos were analyzed until 100 valid videos were identified in each search term. Metadata was collected, including whether the video was created by a physician or non-physician and attitudes toward endometriosis. Chi squares, Fisher’s Exact Tests, and Mann–Whitney U tests were performed as appropriate. Results: Of total, 298 videos met the eligibility criteria for review. Fifty videos were created by individual physicians and 248 were created by non-physicians. Overall, out of 298 videos, 69 videos (23%) had incorrect or misleading information about causes, treatment, symptoms, or information about endometriosis. Only 1% of the analyzed videos discussed medication management other than COCPs. Nonphysician sources were associated with negative attitudes ( p < 0.003). Nonphysician videos were more likely to contain misinformation in at least one category, compared to physician videos ( p < 0.0008). Despite the greater volume of non-physician videos, those created by physicians were more likely to be shared. Misinformation from non-physician sources was associated with positive/neutral attitudes toward endometriosis and treatment ( p < 0.00002). Discussion: This study reveals that TikTok hosts a high volume of endometriosis misinformation, especially about endometrosis treatments. Popular TikTok misinformation tends not to reflect traditional misconceptions, but rather modern misinformation trends of holistic health and “wellness.” Physicians should be prepared to have respectful discussions about endometriosis treatments found on TikTok without invalidating the emotions that led patients to seek information on the internet.
A Model Curriculum For New Faculty Coaches in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Tippit Thomas Lance , Chi Irene , Servey Jessica T. 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES Coaching is an interactive process of performance improvement accomplished by fostering a coachee's ability to critically self-evaluate, create goals, and develop a plan for action. It is being increasingly used in medical education, both at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The American Medical Association (AMA) recommends robust faculty development for any coaching program. Our institution created a mandatory coaching program for students starting in August 2022 with 22 faculty coaches. METHODS We used Kern's 6-step model for curriculum development to create our institution's faculty development for coaches. This manuscript describes the process of development, implementation, and early program evaluation for the curriculum for faculty coaches for the first 4 months of our mandatory coaching program. The objectives and teaching strategies are outlined. Our program evaluation consisted of immediate and follow-up surveys of faculty attendees. RESULTS Content in the faculty development program describing the medical student curriculum, assessment, and student resources improved faculty perceived knowledge and confidence. Specific training in coaching skills, including a simulation using standardized students was used and found to be essential. We offer lessons learned from our coaches regarding timing and content for any faculty development curriculum for new coaches. CONCLUSIONS Considerations for future faculty development curricula for academic coaching programs include timing of the faculty development, content consideration after three coaching sessions, and potential content additions and deletions. The curriculum outlined can be taken and immediately adapted for any school of medicine embarking on a coaching program for students.