bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Industries in the Ecuadorian Input–Output Network. An Application of Social Network Analysis
Authors: Ramírez-Álvarez José , Chungandro-Carranco Vanessa , Montenegro-Rosero Nathaly , Guevara-Rosero Carolina 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe present study identifies the most influential industries in Ecuador according to the Input–Output Table for 2019. For this purpose, four weighted centrality indices are used from Social Network Analysis: Degree Centrality, Closeness Centrality, Betweenness Centrality, and Alpha Centrality. The results suggest that wholesale and retail trade, transportation, and professional activities are the most influential in the Ecuadorian economy due to their high centrality in commercial relationships. According to Chenery and Watanabe's methodology, all are base sectors, that is, they mainly are supply-driven. So, these centrality measures highlight the relevance of sectors based on their forward linkages. This result is not surprising. The theory of shock diffusion suggests that productive shocks on high centrality sectors can spread cascading effects downstream and generate aggregate fluctuations.
Combined effects of drought and simulated pathogen attack on root exudation rates of tomatoes
Authors: Preece Catherine , Yang Kaijun , Llusià Joan , Winkler Jana Barbro , Schnitzler Jörg-Peter , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Food production is threatened by direct climate change effects including drought. Indirect effects, including changes in plant-pathogen dynamics and increased susceptibility to pathogens, further exacerbate the risks. Root exudation, which plays a crucial role in plant defence against drought and pathogens, is influenced by both water stress and pathogens. However, the interactive effects of these abiotic and biotic factors are rarely studied.

Methods
We conducted a controlled environment experiment to investigate the effects of moderate drought and simulated pathogen attack (using pipecolic acid, an inducer of systemic acquired resistance) on the rates of root exudation of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of four tomato cultivars grown in potting soil.

Results
Drought increased the exudation of TOC and TN per unit of root area, while pipecolic acid did not have any significant effect. Furthermore, there was no interaction observed between the abiotic and biotic factors. However, due to the reduction in plant and root biomass caused by drought, the total exudation per plant remained similar between control and water-limited plants. Additionally, pipecolic acid reduced the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of exudates and increased the total exudation of TN.

Conclusion
The increased exudation observed in drought-stressed plants may serve as a strategy to maintain root and rhizosphere activity despite reduced root growth. Notably, the impact of drought differed among the tested cultivars, highlighting their diverse levels of drought tolerance. This emphasises the importance of preserving a wide range of crop cultivars to ensure food security under increasing drought.
Dalea verticillata (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Amorpheae), una nueva especie de Oaxaca, México y segunda para el subgénero Psoropteris
Authors: Durán Ramiro Cruz , Gutiérrez Daniel Sandoval , Mendoza Abisaí García 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDalea verticillata is described and illustrated as a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico. Dalea verticillata is similar to D. filiciformis, but it is distinguished by having whorled leaves (vs. alternate in D. filiciformis), with a greater number of leaflets ((31–)39–63(–69) vs. (11–)13–29(–37)), longer stipules (4.5–8 mm vs. 0.3–1.5 mm), reflexed (vs. ascending), persistent (vs. deciduous), terminal panicle inflorescences (vs. axillary racemes), and the wing petals subelliptic (vs. ovate). This is the second species of the hitherto monospecific subgenus Psoropteris, and the whorled-leaf character is recorded for the first time in the genus Dalea.
Prevalence and Predictors of Hemorrhagic Foci on Long-term Follow-up MRI of Recent Single Subcortical Infarcts
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Shang Wen-Zuo , Cui Jing-Yu , Yan Yu-Ying , Yang Tang , Hu Yi , Cao Le , Yue Xun , Pan Ruo-Su , Ye Chen , Sun Jia-Yu , Wu Bo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHemorrhagic foci surrounding the lacune in the long-term evolution of recent single subcortical infarcts (RSSIs) remains largely unexplored. We aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of hemorrhagic foci in patients with RSSI. From a prospective, longitudinal study of RSSIs, we recruited patients who underwent multimodal MRI assessments both at baseline and approximately one year after the stroke onset. Hemorrhagic foci were identified using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). Among 101 patients with RSSI, nearly half (n = 45, 44.6%) had hemorrhagic foci within the index RSSI lesions on follow-up SWI. RSSIs with hemorrhagic foci formation were associated with a longer time to follow-up imaging (median 449 versus 401 days, P = 0.005) and higher likelihood of being located in the anterior circulation compared to those without hemorrhagic foci (88.9% versus 64.3%, P = 0.003). Hemorrhagic foci were also associated with larger lesion size (P < 0.001), a higher proportion of cavitation formation (P = 0.003), higher baseline NIHSS scores (P = 0.004), and poorer functional outcomes (P = 0.001). In the subset of RSSIs in the lenticulostriate artery (LSA) territory, after adjustment for covariates, larger initial lesion volume (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.13–2.87; P = 0.014) and greater decreases in LSA total length (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36–0.96; P = 0.035) were independently associated with hemorrhagic foci formation. The extent of ischemia in the initial infarct is predictive of the presence of hemorrhagic residues. Our findings contribute to the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the evolution of RSSIs.
Quaternionic metamonogenic functions in the unit disk
Authors: Morais J. , Michael Porter R. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe construct a set of quaternionic metamonogenic functions (that is, in $${{\,\textrm{Ker}\,}}(D+\lambda )$$

Ker

(
D
+
λ
)

for diverse real $$\lambda $$
λ
) in the unit disk, such that every metamonogenic function is approximable in the quaternionic Hilbert module $$L^2$$

L
2

of the disk. The set is orthogonal except for the small subspace of elements of orders zero and one. These functions are used to express time-dependent solutions of the imaginary-time wave equation in the polar coordinate system.
Sweet dreams, bright futures: the relationship between sleep duration and health, income and education
Authors: Berry-Cabán Cristóbal S. , Beltran Thomas A. , Han Rachel H. , McKiernan Sharon P. , Choi Y. Sammy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeTo examine the relationship between sleep duration and health, income, and education.MethodsSleep, demographic, income, education and wellness data from 49,365 participants aged 18 years and older were sourced from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The BRFSS is a cross-sectional telephone survey conducted by state health departments with technical and methodological assistance provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Self-reported sleep duration was assessed as well as self-perceptions of health and wellness.ResultsIndividuals with average daily sleep durations between 7 and 9 h reported significantly better physical and mental wellness as compared to those who reported fewer than 7 h or more than 9 h of sleep per day (p < 0.001). Similarly, individuals reporting adequate sleep duration of 7–9 h per day also reported the highest self-ratings of overall health and life satisfaction (p < 0.001), the highest levels of income, and the greatest percentage of 4-year college degrees of the three sleep duration groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that adequate sleep is associated with better health, higher income, and higher education. Whether adequate sleep resulted in, or was a result of, better health, higher income and higher education, a relationship between them is clear.
The Poetics of Prophecy
Authors: Raz Yosefa 
Published: December 2023

Since the mid-1700s, poets and scholars have been deeply entangled in the project of reinventing prophecy. Moving between literary and biblical studies, this book reveals how Romantic poetry is linked to modern biblical scholarship's development. On the one hand, scholars, intellectuals, and artists discovered models of strong prophecy in biblical texts, shoring up aesthetic and nationalist ideals, while on the other, poets drew upon a counter-tradition of destabilizing, indeterminate, weak prophetic power. Yosefa Raz considers British and German Romanticism alongside their margins, incorporating Hebrew literature written at the turn of the twentieth century in the Russia Empire. Ultimately she explains the weakness of modern poet-prophets not only as a crisis of secularism but also, strikingly, as part of the instability of the biblical text itself. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
Exploring fs-laser irradiation damage subthreshold behavior of dielectric mirrors via electrical measurements
Authors: Bleotu Petrisor Gabriel , Udrea Radu , Dumitru Alice , Uteza Olivier , Mihai Maria-Diana , Matei Dan Gh , Ursescu Daniel , Irimiciuc Stefan , Craciun Valentin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWith ultrafast laser systems reaching presently 10 PW peak power or operating at high repetition rates, research towards ensuring the long-term, trouble-free performance of all laser-exposed optical components is critical. Our work is focused on providing insight into the optical material behavior at fluences below the standardized laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) value by implementing a simultaneous dual analysis of surface emitted particles using a Langmuir probe (LP) and the target current (TC).${\mathrm{HfO}}_2$and${\mathrm{ZrO}}_2$thin films deposited on fused silica substrates by pulsed laser deposition at various${\mathrm{O}}_2$pressures for defect and stoichiometry control were irradiated by Gaussian, ultrashort laser pulses (800 nm, 10 Hz, 70 fs) in a wide range of fluences. Both TC and LP collected signals were in good agreement with the existing theoretical description of laser–matter interaction at an ultrashort time scale. Our approach for anin situLIDT monitoring system provides measurable signals for below-threshold irradiation conditions that indicate the endurance limit of the optical surfaces in the single-shot energy scanning mode. The LIDT value extracted from the LP-TC system is in line with the multipulse statistical analysis done with ISO 21254-2:2011(E). The implementation of the LP and TC as on-shot diagnostic tools for optical components will have a significant impact on the reliability of next-generation ultrafast and high-power laser systems.
Celebrating Neurodivergence amid Social Injustice
Authors: Krazinski Meaghan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBurgeoning narratives of neurodivergence increase representation in media, producing an unprecedented visibility and awareness of what it means to be neurodivergent in a neurotypical world. In this article I examine the ways in which a neurodivergent subject position can provide liberatory insights into oppressive patriarchal gender structures, while exploring productive tensions of the histories and lineages of neurodivergence marked by inequities, erasure, and epistemic injustice (Catala et al. 2021). Although self-diagnosis is often accepted among communities, individuals without diagnosis face delegitimization in navigating institutions, accentuating race, class, and gender disparities. How do we honor a lineage of stories of neurodivergent individuals who could not claim this identity, and what does it mean to celebrate neurodiversity and simultaneously hold space and honor the absences marked by intersecting oppressions? Using Maria Lugones's world-traveling as a method, I reflect on these tensions via narratives of my own discovery of neurodivergence and diagnosis, contextualizing it within a larger lineage of neurodivergent family who do not identify as such, as well as my encounters with varying levels of access, privilege, and understanding. I position my autoethnographic analysis against anecdotes and discursive media of the neurodiversity movement, finding that an autistic subject position complicates both femininity and gender.
Landscapes and Bandits: A Unified Model of Functional and Demographic Diversity
Authors: Huang Alice C. W. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo types of formal models—landscape search tasks and two-armed bandit models—are often used to study the effects that various social factors have on epistemic performance. I argue that they can be understood within a single framework. In this unified framework, I develop a model that may be used to understand the effects of functional and demographic diversity and their interaction. Using the unified model, I find that the benefit of demographic diversity is most pronounced in a functionally homogeneous group, and decreases with increasing functional diversity.
A critical assessment of Bruce L. McCormack's christological proposal
Authors: Irving Alex 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBruce L. McCormack's recent christological proposal intends to move beyond the apparent impasse in theological discourse between God's aseity and God's world relation. In describing the second mode of divine being as personally constituted by receptivity to the human Jesus of Nazareth without losing the logos asarkos, McCormack's proposed christological innovation offers a way to consider relation to the world as proper to God through the Son, without absolute pronobeity coming to dominate in the doctrine of God. This being said, his christological proposal, as it stands, implies both that election is antecedent to triunity and that the person of Jesus of Nazareth is antecedent to the act of the incarnation. With the former comes the problem of sequence in the priority of divine act over divine being. With the latter comes the problem of offering a unified account of two agencies. As such, while ontological receptivity continues to hold significant possibilities for the doctrine of God, it requires more careful coordination to the relation of passive generation as such.
OP04 The Efficacy Of Segmentectomy And Lobectomy For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Kai , Xue Xinyu , Yu Jiajie , Li Youping 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe latest clinical practice guidelines for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) published by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network in 2022 recommend that patients with NSCLC (>1 and ≤2 cm) should be diagnosed as T1b. Segmentectomy and lobectomy are equally effective in treating patients with NSCLC no bigger than 2 cm, and especially for tumors no bigger than 1 cm. However, the effectiveness of these treatments for NSCLC tumors between 1 and 2 cm is unknown. We conducted a systemic review and meta- analysis to assess the efficacy of these two surgical treatments in patients with T1b stage NSCLC.MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies investigating the efficacy of lobectomy and segmentectomy for patients with T1b stage NSCLC. Study quality was assessed with the Cochrane Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. We used random effects models to analyze overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS), expressed as hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The effect of covariates was assessed using subgroup analysis. All procedures were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsWe identified ten cohort studies that matched our selection criteria, with general low risk of quality, including a total of 37,691 patients. No publication bias was found. Compared to lobectomy, segmentectomy had lower OS (HR 1.31, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.47; p=0.026) and LCSS (HR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.42, p=0.015) before Cox regression. After multivariable Cox regression, adjusted by age, sex, histological type, and lymph node section, segmentectomy had similar OS (HR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.37; p=0.2) and LCSS (HR 1.10, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.36; p=0.8).ConclusionsSegmentectomy can be used to treat patients with T1b stage NSCLC. Patients who undergo segmentectomy have survival outcomes that are the same as those of patients who received lobectomy. This evidence-based observation provides a reference for surgical choice in the treatment of patients with T1b stage NSCLC, which should be further confirmed through RCTs.
OP13 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Sintilimab Plus Chemotherapy For The First-Line Treatment Of Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Societal Perspective
Authors: Li Fuming , Yang Yi , Xiao Dunming , Chen Yingyao 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSintilimab is an IgG4 anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody that has a high-affinity blocking interaction with PD-1 and its ligands. The updated ORIENT-11 study showed that sintilimab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged progression-free and overall survival, compared with chemotherapy alone, in the first-line treatment of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In China, it is uncertain whether sintilimab is a cost-effective alternative to standard immunotherapy.MethodsA partitioned survival model with three health states (including progression-free survival, disease progression, and death) was constructed from the Chinese societal perspective using a three-week cycle with a lifetime horizon (16 years). Individual patient data were captured from the updated ORIENT-11 study, and high-risk and clinically severe adverse events were specifically added to the states. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were the primary outcomes. Costs, health productivity losses, and utilities were derived from questionnaires and supplemented by expert opinion and literature review. All costs were expressed in 2021 USD, and costs and QALYs were discounted at an annual rate of five percent. Sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses considering the healthcare system perspective were performed to explore model uncertainty.ResultsPatients receiving sintilimab plus chemotherapy incurred a mean total cost of USD67,727 and gained 2.5 QALYs during the lifetime period, compared with USD40,530 and 1.5 QALYs for patients receiving standard chemotherapy. The corresponding ICER was USD27,665 per QALY in China. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of three times the gross domestic product per capita in China (USD37,663), sintilimab plus chemotherapy was the optimal treatment in 84 percent of replications. Deterministic sensitivity analysis showed that the most significant driving determinant was the discount rate of costs and QALYs. An ICER of USD21,020 per QALY was obtained from the Chinese healthcare system, validating the robustness of the cost-effectiveness analysis.ConclusionsCompared with standard chemotherapy, sintilimab plus chemotherapy is a cost-effective treatment regimen for non-squamous NSCLC in China. Thus, sintilimab may benefit Chinese patients and should be promoted by decision makers.
OP18 Laying The Foundation For Sustainable Health Technology Assessment Training Program In Ukraine
Authors: Kievit Wietske , Janssen Jip , Oortwijn Wija , Voitenko Anton , Piniazhko Oresta , Sucu Rabia 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionSince 2017, health technology assessment (HTA) has been included in the Ukrainian Health Law fundamentals and its implementation has accelerated since it became mandatory in 2020. SAFEMed has been supporting the Ministry of Health in integrating HTA into the decision-making ecosystem and building capacity in HTA. In this 2022 to 2023 project, we aimed to create and conduct HTA training for doers, users, and trainers based on a developed model curriculum for an HTA master’s program, and to identify sets of criteria for successful training and training centers.MethodsFirst, we reviewed websites and documents of current academic HTA master’s and advanced programs worldwide. Second, we performed an assessment of the training needs of HTA doers, users, and trainers in Ukraine using an online survey that captured level of experience and knowledge gaps. Third, we reviewed the capacity and quality requirements of existing academic centers that provide HTA training.ResultsWe identified seven HTA master’s programs globally, which covered five HTA domains: (i) health problem and current use of the technology; (ii) description and technical characteristics; (iii) safety; (iv) clinical effectiveness; and (v) costs and economic evaluations. Other aspects of HTA, such as ethical, legal, social, and cultural aspects were also covered, but not in all programs. The needs assessment was completed by 40 doers (53%), users (43%), and potential trainers (5%) of HTA in Ukraine. Specific knowledge gaps included: comparative effectiveness, health economics, qualitative evidence synthesis, patient and public involvement, and ethical issues. The proposed program addresses these gaps and includes an introduction to HTA that is in line with the new HTA definition. We also generated a minimum set of quality assurance criteria to ensure successful training and to develop efficient training centers for delivering HTA programs.ConclusionsOur study provides a strong foundation for planning and conducting sustainable HTA training for current and future doers, users, and trainers in Ukraine, which can be an example for other countries wishing to increase HTA capacity.
OP27 Impact Of Generic Entry Of Pharmaceuticals On Drug Prices In Australia
Authors: PG-Jones Arun , Serra-Sastre Victoria , Kim Hansoo 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionPolicy makers are keen to introduce cost containment measures in medicine spending due to aging populations and fiscal pressure. A major price reform was applied to the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) in 2014. This aimed to stimulate price reductions by increasing competition among generics, amidst growing evidence at the time of unnecessarily high generic medicine prices in Australia. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of patent expiration and generic competition on drug prices, while controlling for other determinants of drug prices in Australia.MethodsA dataset from publicly available sources was constructed using monthly data on the price of drugs listed on the PBS from October 2014 to July 2022. The information included the generic drug name, item code, date, approved ex-manufacturer price, dispensed price per maximum quantity, and brand names. This was supplemented with monthly government spending and number of prescriptions filled per item code. A fixed effects regression model was used to estimate the effect of patent expiration and generic competition on dispensed drug prices.ResultsThe model estimated that introducing generics in Australia led to an 18 percent decrease in prices, excluding further decreases resulting from other controlled variables. The price elasticity of total prescriptions filled was estimated to be -0.6, suggesting that a one percent increase in prescriptions filled resulted in drug prices being lowered by 0.6 percent. This reflects the fact that, on average, firms reacted by reducing prices to increase market share when faced with an increase in quantity demanded. Each extra competitor was estimated to result in a reduction in prices of roughly 1.8 percent.ConclusionsThese results show that entry of generics into the Australian pharmaceutical market resulted in a significant reduction in drug prices. However, this alone does not provide empirical support for the effectiveness of these price reforms in generating savings by inducing generic competition, especially over other forms of pharmaceutical regulation.