bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(O‐anisidine) coatings electrodeposited onto AL‐2024: Synthesis, characterization, and corrosion protection evaluation
Authors: Shah Kunal , Iroh Jude 
Published: October 2004

AbstractPoly(O‐anisidine) coating was successfully electrodeposited onto Al‐2024. Cyclic voltammetry and reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIR) analysis were carried out in order to fully understand the formation and structure of the resulting polymer coating. RAIR spectrum showed the characteristics peaks of poly(O‐anisidine). As the reaction time was varied, the CV peak shifted from 0.75 to 0.81 V vs. SCE suggesting that a change in structure of the polymer from a reduced state to a partially oxidized form has occurred. UV spectrum showed two peaks at 320 and 620 nm suggesting the presence of conjugation on the polymer backbone. The deposition of the poly(O‐anisidine) onto the substrate was controlled by nucleation and growth mechanism. DC polarization technique was used to evaluate the corrosion protection offered by poly(O‐anisidine) coatings. Preliminarily data shows that these coatings help to ennoble the surface of the substrate. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 23: 291–297, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20024
The impact of cooperative structure and firm culture on market orientation and performance
Authors: Kyriakopoulos Kyriakos , Meulenberg Matthew , Nilsson Jerker 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBuilding on recent advances in cooperative literature and practice, we conceive two key organizational features of cooperatives: cooperative structure (in terms of control, ownership, and cost/pricing policies resulting in traditional and re‐engineered co‐ops) as well as entrepreneurial cooperative firm culture. Then we conceptualize and test the effect of these organizational features on the market orientation and performance of the cooperative firm relying on a sample of Dutch co‐ops. We cannot establish a systematic influence of the cooperative structure; however, a significant influence of individualized member ownership on performance and of cost/pricing policies on market orientation has been found. Entrepreneurial firm culture has a significant effect on both market orientation and performance. [EconLit citations: L200, M310, Q130.] © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 20: 379–396, 2004.
Competitiveness and consumer preferences of U.S. fruits in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Jane Lu , Wann Joyce Jong‐Wen 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThis study utilizes the source–position–performance framework to examine the competitiveness and consumer preferences of U.S. fruits versus Taiwanese fruits in the local markets based on the views of retailers and consumers. Retailers who sell relatively more U.S. fresh fruits over total values of fruit sales favor the characteristics of U.S. fresh fruits. Consumers do not value the relative importance of characteristics of U.S. fresh fruits as much as retailers do. Strategic marketing plans need to be designed for both retailers and consumers to strengthen the acceptance of U.S. fresh fruits. A well‐balanced promotion strategy emphasizing the overall superiority of profit‐driven characteristics of U.S. fruits may encourage retailers to sell more U.S. fresh fruits. Highlighting information related to price and freshness of U.S. fruits may stimulate consumers to purchase more U.S. fresh fruits. [EconLit citations: M310, Q130.] © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 20: 433–448, 2004.
New market groupings based on food consumption patterns
Authors: Larson Ronald B. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractConsumption of different food categories varies across the US. A cluster analysis of 52 markets based on food sales in 62 categories found 11 market groupings with similar consumption patterns. These new market groupings were compared with a cluster analysis based on data from 10 years earlier. Many patterns were similar but a few shifts in consumption patterns were also noted. Evidence suggested that some regional food preferences may have fragmented during the last 10 years. Researchers, managers, and policy makers should use market groupings based on fairly current data when they examine food demand trends across geographics, test marketing programs, identify opportunities in selected markets, forecast results for regional expansions, or evaluate regional initiative performance. [EconLit citations: L660, R220, Q130.] © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 20: 417–432, 2004.
The coir fiber industry in Sri Lanka: Reasons for its decline and possible turnaround strategies
Authors: Rosairo H.S. Rohitha , Kawamura Tamotsu , Peiris T.L.G. Sanjeewani 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe decline of the coir fiber industry in Sri Lanka, which brings valuable foreign exchange, has been a subject of concern as Sri Lanka is a main supplier of coir fiber to the world market. The repercussions of this decline on the country are enormous. In this article we analyze this crisis situation to find the causative factors and to propose recommendations for the development and sustainability of the industry. The main factors contributing to the crisis are unfavorable trade policies, trade barriers, human resource problems, poor trade behavior, export barriers, poor product marketing strategy, the high cost of production, poor industry regulation, and threats from the global marketing environment. Recommendations for the development of the industry include policy changes, improved working conditions, trade strategies, product diversification, mechanization, quality assurance, market development, strengthening of market position, and regional cooperation. We present a comprehensive long‐term strategy for the future development of the coir fiber industry of Sri Lanka. [EconLit citations: O530, Q130, Q170.] © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 20: 495–516, 2004.
Gap junction diseases of the skin
Authors: van Steensel M.A.M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractGap junctions are intercellular channels that allow the passage of water, ions, and small molecules. They are involved in quick, short‐range messaging between cells and are found in skin, nervous tissue, heart, and muscle. An increasing number of hereditary skin disorders appear to be caused by mutations in one of the genes coding for the constituent proteins of gap junctions, known as connexins. In this review, the currently known connexin disorders that feature skin abnormalities are described: keratitis–ichthyosis deafness syndrome, erythrokeratoderma variabilis, Vohwinkel's syndrome, and a novel disorder called hypotrichosis–deafness syndrome. What is known about the pathogenesis of these disorders is discussed and related to gap junction physiology. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectodermal dysplasias
Authors: Itin Peter H. , Fistarol Susanna K. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractEctodermal dysplasias are a large group of heritable conditions characterized by congenital defects of one or more ectodermal structures and their appendages: hair (hypotrichosis, partial, or total alopecia), nails (dystrophic, hypertrophic, abnormally keratinized), teeth (enamel defect or absent), and sweat glands (hypoplastic or aplastic). The ectodermal dysplasias, as a rule, are not pure “one‐layer diseases.” Mesodermal and, rarely, endodermal dysplasias coexist. Embryogenesis exhibits distinct tissue organizational fields and specific interactions among the germ layers that may lead to a wide range of ectodermal dysplasias when genes important for development are mutated or otherwise altered in expression. Of the approximately 200 different ectodermal dysplasias, about 30 have been studied at the molecular level with identification of the causative gene. Freire‐Maia and Pinheiro used the clinical aspects for their classification, and Priolo integrated molecular genetic and clinical aspects for her scheme. Those two more historical classification schemes have the difficulty that, when applied strictly, several additional groups of diseases should be integrated within the term “ectodermal dysplasias,” e.g. keratodermas with skin or hair alterations or the ichthyoses with associated features. Such consequent classification would lead to an endless list of diseases and would be useless for the practical work. Recent evidence implicates a genetic defect in different pathways orchestrating ectodermal organogenesis. Modern molecular genetics will increasingly elucidate the basic defects of the different syndromes and yield more insight into the regulatory mechanisms of embryology. In this way, a reclassification of ectodermal dysplasias will be possible according to the function of their involved mutated genes. Lamartine recently proposed a helpful classification according to the functions of the genes discovered in different types of ectodermal dysplasias. Accordingly, the present overview categorizes the various ectodermal dysplasias into four major functional subgroups: cell–cell communication and signaling, adhesion, transcription regulation, and development. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Online‐Analytik zur Prozessführung
Authors: Dünnebier G. , Bamberg A. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractSichere, leistungsfähige und damit auch wirtschaftlich optimale Prozessführung in der chemischen Industrie ist mehr denn je auf Messdaten aus den betreffenden Prozessen angewiesen. Zunehmend werden zur Regelung stoffspezifische Informationen, z. B. Sätze von Einzelstoffkonzentrationen, eingesetzt. Die Online‐Analytik birgt in Kombination mit Prozessführung ein enormes wirtschaftliches Potenzial. Es ist jedoch ein steiniger Weg, der zur Ausschöpfung dieses wirtschaftlichen Potenzials führt, weshalb die Zahl der realisierten Anwendungen erst in den letzten Jahren stetig wächst. Der zentrale Teil dieses Beitrags veranschaulicht an Beispielen die Möglichkeiten, Online‐Analytik und Prozessführung zu kombinieren, u. a. anhand einer Batch‐Destillationskolonne, einer kontinuierlichen destillativen Isomerentrennung sowie der Automatisierung einer kompletten Feinchemieanlage. Aus den Erfahrungen und Problemen der bisherigen Projekte lassen sich Wünsche und Regeln sowohl für die Definition und Abwicklung solcher Projekte in einem interdisziplinären Team als auch für die systemtechnische Anbindung der Online‐Analytik an das Leitsystem ableiten.
Disruption of genes encoding predicted inner arm dynein heavy chains causes motility phenotypes in Tetrahymena
Authors: Liu Siming , Hard Robert , Rankin Scott , Hennessey Todd , Pennock David G. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe multi‐dynein hypothesis [Asai, 1995: Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 32:129–132] states: (1) there are many different dynein HC isoforms; (2) each isoform is encoded by a different gene; (3) different isoforms have different functions. Many studies provide evidence in support of the first two statements [Piperno et al., 1990: J Cell Biol 110:379–389; Kagami and Kamiya, 1992: J Cell Sci 103:653–664; Gibbons, 1995: Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 32:136–144; Porter et al., 1996: Genetics 144:569–585; Xu et al., 1999: J Eukaryot Microbiol 46:606–611] and there is evidence that outer arms and inner arms play different roles in flagellar beating [Brokaw and Kamiya, 1987: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 8:68–75]. However, there are few studies rigorously testing in vivo whether inner arm dyneins, especially the 1‐headed inner arm dyneins, play unique roles. This study tested the third tenet of the multi‐dynein hypothesis by introducing mutations into three inner arm dynein HC genes (DYH8, 9 and 12) that are thought to encode HCs associated with 1‐headed inner arm dyneins. Southern blots, Northern blots, and RT‐PCR analyses indicate that all three mutants (KO‐8, 9, and 12) are complete knockouts. Each mutant swims slower than the wild‐type cells. The beat frequency of KO‐8 cells is lower than that of the wild‐type cells while the beat frequencies of KO‐9 and KO‐12 are not different from that of wild‐type cells. Our results suggest that each inner arm dynein HC is essential for normal cell motility and cannot be replaced functionally by other dynein HCs and that not all of the 1‐headed inner arm dyneins play the same role in ciliary motility. Thus, the results of our study support the multi‐dynein hypothesis [Asai, 1995: Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 32:129–132]. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 59:201–214, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stability of leukemia‐associated aberrant immunophenotypes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia between diagnosis and relapse: Comparison with cytomorphologic, cytogenetic, and molecular genetic findings
Authors: Voskova Daniela , Schoch Claudia , Schnittger Susanne , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Haferlach Torsten , Kern Wolfgang 
Published: October 2004

AbstractBackgroundMultiparameter flow cytometry is increasingly used to monitor minimal residual disease in patients with acute myeloid leukemia to identify leukemic cells by leukemia‐associated aberrant immunophenotypes (LAIPs). Changes in LAIPs during the course of the disease may be a limitation for this approach.MethodsWe analyzed 49 patients at diagnosis and relapse by flow cytometry, cytomorphology, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics.ResultsIn 37 patients (76%), at least one LAIP detectable at diagnosis was present at relapse; in 12 patients (24%), none of the original LAIPs were present in at least 1% of bone marrow cells. Three groups were identified: no change in LAIPs, partial changes in LAIPs, and complete change in LAIPs. There were significant differences across these groups with regard to changes in cytomorphology (11%, 40%, and 58% of all cases, respectively; P = 0.007), cytogenetics (15%, 20%, and 25%; not significant), and molecular genetics (18%, 0, and 86%; P = 0.002).ConclusionsThese data indicate that, in a subset of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, the disease is biologically different at relapse; therefore, monitoring of minimal residual disease is difficult to accomplish. In most patients with acute myeloid leukemia, multiparameter flow cytometry may be used to monitor minimal residual disease. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastatic extraocular sebaceous carcinoma with an occult primary
Authors: Malhotra Purnima , Arora Vinod K. , Singh Navjeevan , Bhatia Arati 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe cytological diagnosis of sebaceous carcinoma is based on the aspiration of tumor lobules with extensive sebaceous differentiation. However, these tumors may show a spectrum of cells ranging from basaloid to well‐differentiated sebaceous. Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon tumor. An occult primary at initial presentation has not been described previously. A 60‐yr old woman was referred to the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) clinic with a submandibular mass. The cytological diagnosis was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Histopathologically, it was a sebaceous carcinoma metastatic to the submandibular lymph node. No primary tumor was identified. Six months later, she presented with a nodule at the angle of her mouth and a recurrence of the submandibular swelling. FNA cytology (FNAC) and histopathologic examination revealed a primary cutaneous sebaceous carcinoma with submandibular lymph node metastasis. A metastatic sebaceous carcinoma in the submandibular region with limited sebaceous differentiation and occult primary is another pitfall in the cytomorphological diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:326–329. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Collagenous bodies in endometriotic cysts
Authors: Hemachandran Manikkapurath , Nijhawan Raje , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind 
Published: October 2004

AbstractA 4‐yr retrospective analysis of cases diagnosed as pelvic endometriotic cysts based on clinical, radiological, and cytomorphological features was collected and analysed. Out of 15 cases, only 3 cases showed the presence of endometrial glands/stroma in the aspiration smears. However, 12 of them showed the presence of oval/petal‐shaped structures throughout the smear ranging in size from 40 to 70 μ in maximum dimension. These structures stained positive with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain. Immunostaining for type IV collagen showed strong positivity, indicating their origin from the basement membrane of the glands. The presence of these “collagenous bodies” in endometriotic cysts appears to be characteristic. However, this needs to be confirmed by prospective studies with a larger number of patients. The mechanism of formation of these collagenous bodies is uncertain. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:330–332. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The significance of the diagnosis of atypia in breast fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Lim Jennifer C. , Al‐Masri Hytham , Salhadar Alia , Xie H. Bill , Gabram Sheryl , Wojcik Eva M. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe diagnosis of atypia in breast fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) continues to be an area of debate in cytology practice. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of this term and to evaluate potential morphological criteria, which would determine the patient's outcome. A computer‐based search was carried out to retrieve breast FNAs performed between 1990 and 2000 that were diagnosed as atypical. Cases followed by surgical resection were reexamined for the presence of morphological features potentially differentiating benign and malignant lesions. Out of 1,568 breast FNAs, there were 64 cases (4%) with a diagnosis of atypia. Thirty‐eight cases had surgical follow‐up material that revealed malignancy in 14 cases (37%) and benign lesions in 24 cases (63%). The benign diagnostic categories included fibrocystic change (12/24), fibroadenoma (3/24), tubular adenoma (2/24), and nonspecific findings (7/24). The malignant diagnoses included ductal carcinoma (9/14), lobular carcinoma (3/14), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; 1/14), and tubular carcinoma (1/14). The evaluation of cytological criteria used to differentiate benign from malignant lesions (i.e., cellularity, loss of cohesion, myoepithelial cells, nuclear enlargement, nuclear overlap, prominent nucleoli) revealed significant overlap between benign and malignant cases, particularly in cases of fibroadenoma, tubular adenoma, and proliferative breast disease. The surgical follow‐up of four hypocellular cases revealed lobular carcinoma in two cases and ductal carcinoma in the remaining two cases. Our study confirmed that the diagnosis of atypia is clinically significant because it is associated with a high probability of malignancy. No morphological criterion is able to reliably differentiate benign and malignant lesions in cases diagnosed with atypia. Diagnosis of atypia is particularly significant in hypocellular cases. We recommended that breast FNAs with a diagnosis of atypia be evaluated further histologically. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:285–288. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration of subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Manosca Frances , Ariga Reshma , Bengana Chafik , Reddy Vijaya B. , Loew Jerome , Gattuso Paolo 
Published: October 2004

AbstractWe report the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology findings of Subcutaneous Panniculitis‐like T‐cell Lymphoma (SCPTCL) in a 66‐year‐old woman who presented with a four month history of asymptomatic subcutaneous nodules on her right chest wall and back. An excisional biopsy of the right chest nodules was performed, and the diagnosis of SCPTCL was rendered. On a follow‐up visit, several skin lesions were noted throughout her body. A fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the right inguinal region was performed. The FNA yielded cellular smears, composed mainly of sheets of epithelioid histiocytes and scattered multinucleated cells. However, no distinct granulomas were noted. The background of the cytological smears showed scattered atypical lymphoid cells, some of which displayed nuclear membrane irregularities. To the best of our knowledge, the cytological features on FNA material of SCPTCL have not been described. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:338–339. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The study of cytopathological aspects induced by human cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Takeuchi Takako , Fujii Akiko , Okumiya Toshika , Watabe Shoji , Ishikawa Toshizo , Umeda Akiko , Masuda Michiyoshi , Takeuchi Hiroaki 
Published: October 2004

AbstractIn cytological examination, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection can not be implied unless typical HCMV‐infected cells like owl's‐eye cells are present. However, such cells are not always observed in HCMV‐infection cases. The aim of our study is to establish the cytopathological features induced by HCMV. In vitro transfection and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed on human embryo lung (HEL) cells.Marked cellular aggregation was observed at 6‐hr postinfection (hpi). Multinucleated cells, giant cells, and, particularly, small vacuoles were present in the nuclei or cytoplasm before the appearance of inclusion bodies. However, molding and ground glass in nuclei were absent. Cell clusters displayed round cytoplasm, dispersed later, and showed anisocytosis. All features occurred before 48 hpi when the owl's‐eye cell appeared. In FISH, the positive signal highlighted viral particles that became predominant and localized in nuclei. These cytological aspects are dependent on viral replication and contribute to the cytological detection of HCMV infection. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:289–293. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic value of GLUT‐1 immunoreactivity to distinguish benign from malignant cystic squamous lesions of the head and neck in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy material
Authors: Weiner Michael F. , Miranda Roberto N. , Bardales Ricardo H. , Mukunyadzi Perkins , Baker Sandra J. , Korourian Soheila , De Las Casas Luis E. 
Published: October 2004

AbstractThe distinction of cystic squamous‐cell carcinoma (SCC) from benign cystic squamous lesions (BCSLs) of the head and neck can be problematic on fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) material, particularly when BCSLs display epithelial reactive atypia or when SCC is well differentiated. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT‐1), a facilitative cell surface glucose transport protein, is aberrantly expressed in many cancers including oral and hypopharyngeal SCC. We evaluated the expression of GLUT‐1 by immunochemistry on FNAB material to determine its value in distinguishing cystic SCC from BCSL of the head and neck.A 5‐yr retrospective review of all head and neck cystic squamous lesions having FNAB specimens with cell block material, radiological studies, and histological confirmation was performed at our institution. Cell block material from 24 cystic squamous lesions, including 8 (33%) BCSL (7 branchial cleft cysts and 1 thyroglossal duct cyst[TDC]) and 16 (67%) metastatic SCCs with cystic/liquefactive degeneration, was retrieved and immunostained with anti‐GLUT‐1. GLUT‐1 expression was considered positive when at least 10% of squamous cells exhibited distinct cell membrane reactivity.Positive GLUT‐1 immunostaining was detected in all 16 SCCs and in none of the 8 BCSLs. In the carcinoma cases, the majority of malignant cells exhibited GLUT‐1 reactivity; only a minor population of well‐differentiated SCC cells displaying keratinization and arranged as squamous pearls did not express GLUT‐1.GLUT‐1 expression in cell block material can help to distinguish cystic SCCs from BCSLs of the head and neck. In conjunction with clinical and radiological correlation, GLUT‐1 immunoreactivity can be an important diagnostic aid when the cytological findings are ambiguous. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2004;31:294–299. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.