bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis between smoke exposure and serum neurofilament light chain in adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhu Ning , Zhu Jing , Lin Shanhong , Yu Hang , Cao Chao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Smoke exposure is a prevalent and well-documented risk factor for various diseases across different organ systems. Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) has emerged as a promising biomarker for a multitude of nervous system disorders. However, there is a notable paucity of research exploring the associations between smoke exposure and sNfL levels.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cross-sectional data spanning the years 2013 to 2014. Serum cotinine levels were classified into the following three groups: < 0.05, 0.05–2.99, and ≥ 3 ng/ml. Multiple linear regression models were employed to assess the relationships between serum cotinine levels and sNfL levels. Additionally, we utilized restricted cubic spline analyses to elucidate the potential nonlinear relationship between serum cotinine and sNfL levels.

Results
A total of 2053 participants were included in our present research. Among these individuals, the mean age was 47.04 ± 15.32 years, and males accounted for 48.2% of the total study population. After adjusting the full model, serum cotinine was positively correlated with sNfl in the second group (β = 0.08, 95%CI 0.01–0.15) and in the highest concentration of serum cotinine (β = 0.10, 95%CI 0.01–0.19) compared to the group with the lowest serum cotinine concentrations. Current smokers, in comparison to non-smokers, exhibited a trend toward elevated sNfL levels (β = 0.07, 95%CI 0.01–0.13). Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed interactions between serum cotinine levels and different age groups (P for interaction = 0.001) and gender stratification (P for interaction = 0.015) on sNfL levels.

Conclusion
The study suggested that serum cotinine was significantly and positively associated with sNfl levels in adult participants. Furthermore, current smokers tend to exhibit elevated sNfL levels. This research sheds light on the potential implications of smoke exposure on neurological function impairment and underscores the importance of further exploration in this area.
Mediating effect of psychological distress and mindful eating behaviors between orthorexia nervosa and academic self-efficacy among Lebanese university female students
Authors: Barakat Muna , Salim Nesreen A , Malaeb Diana , Dabbous Mariam , Sakr Fouad , Hallit Souheil , Fekih-Romdhame Feten , Obeid Sahar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study examined the mediating effect of psychological distress and mindful eating behaviors between orthorexia nervosa and academic self-efficacy among Lebanese university female students.

Methods
A total of 769 female participants enrolled in this cross-sectional study (mean age 21.58 ± 3.20 years). A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among university female students. The questionnaire consisted of Mindful Eating Behaviors Scale, ORTO-R, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Arabic version of Academic Self-Efficacy Scale.

Results
The results showed that psychological distress fully mediated the association between orthorexia nervosa and academic self-efficacy; higher orthorexia nervosa was significantly associated with less psychological distress (β= -0.31, p =.05), with more psychological distress significantly associated with lower academic self-efficacy (β= -0.32, p =.09). Focused eating fully mediated the association between orthorexia nervosa and academic self-efficacy; higher orthorexia nervosa was significantly associated with less focused eating (β=-0.09, p =.04), with more focused eating significantly associated with better academic self-efficacy (β = 1.40, p =.10). Orthorexia nervosa was not directly associated with academic self-efficacy in both models.

Conclusion
This study shed light on important connections between orthorexia nervosa, psychological distress, mindful eating behaviors, and academic self-efficacy within the Lebanese context. The findings will have practical implications for both educational institutions and healthcare providers striving to support young female adults’ overall well-being and academic success.
Healthy together Victoria and childhood obesity study: effects of a large scale, community-based cluster randomised trial of a systems thinking approach for the prevention of childhood obesity among secondary school students 2014–2016
Authors: Strugnell Claudia , Orellana Liliana , Crooks Nicholas , Malakellis Mary , Morrissey Bridget , Rennie Claire , Hayward Joshua , Bliss Jo , Swinburn Boyd , Gaskin Cadeyrn J. , Allender Steven 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Healthy Together Victoria (HTV) was a Victorian Government initiative that sought to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity through targeting chronic disease risk factors including physical activity, poor diet quality, smoking, and harmful alcohol use. The intervention involved a boosted workforce of > 170 local-level staff in 12 communities; employed to deliver system activation around health and wellbeing for individuals, families and communities. A cluster randomised trial (CRT) of a systems thinking approach to obesity prevention was embedded within HTV. We present the two-year changes in overweight and obesity and associated behaviours among secondary school students across Victoria, Australia.

Methods
Twenty-three geographically bounded areas were randomised to intervention (12 communities) or comparison (11 communities). Randomly selected secondary schools within each community were invited to participate in the trial in 2014 and 2016. Students in Grade 8 (aged approximately 13–15 years) and Grade 10 (aged approximately 15–16 years) at participating schools were recruited using an opt-out approach across July–September 2014 and 2016. Primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Secondary outcomes were physical activity, sedentary behaviour, diet quality, health-related quality of life, and depressive symptoms. Linear mixed models were fit to estimate the intervention effect adjusting for child/school characteristics.

Results
There were 4242 intervention children and 2999 control children in the final analysis. For boys, the two-year change showed improvement in intervention versus control for waist circumference (difference in change: − 2.5 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: − 4.6, − 0.5) and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages per day (< 1 serve: 8.5 percentage points; 95% CI: 0.6, 16.5). For girls, there were no statistically significant differences between conditions.

Conclusions
HTV seemed to produce favourable changes in waist circumference and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption for boys, however, no effect on BMI was observed. Although the HTV intervention was cut short, and the period between data collection points was relatively short, the changes observed in HTV contribute to the growing evidence of whole-of-community interventions targeting childhood obesity.

Trial registration
This trial is unregistered. The intervention itself was a policy setting delivered by government and our role was the collection of data to evaluate the effect of this natural experiment. That is, this study was not a trial from the classical point of view and we were not responsible for the intervention.
A novel post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy sepsis prediction model using machine learning
Authors: Shen Rong , Ming Shaoxiong , Qian Wei , Zhang Shuwei , Peng Yonghan , Gao Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To establish a predictive model for sepsis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) using machine learning to identify high-risk patients and enable early diagnosis and intervention by urologists.

Methods
A retrospective study including 694 patients who underwent PCNL was performed. A predictive model for sepsis using machine learning was constructed based on 22 preoperative and intraoperative parameters.

Results
Sepsis occurred in 45 of 694 patients, including 16 males (35.6%) and 29 females (64.4%). Data were randomly segregated into an 80% training set and a 20% validation set via 100-fold Monte Carlo cross-validation. The variables included in this study were highly independent. The model achieved good predictive power for postoperative sepsis (AUC = 0.89, 87.8% sensitivity, 86.9% specificity, and 87.4% accuracy). The top 10 variables that contributed to the model prediction were preoperative midstream urine bacterial culture, sex, days of preoperative antibiotic use, urinary nitrite, preoperative blood white blood cell (WBC), renal pyogenesis, staghorn stones, history of ipsilateral urologic surgery, cumulative stone diameters, and renal anatomic malformation.

Conclusion
Our predictive model is suitable for sepsis estimation after PCNL and could effectively reduce the incidence of sepsis through early intervention.
The validity of electronic health data for measuring smoking status: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Haque Md Ashiqul , Gedara Muditha Lakmali Bodawatte , Nickel Nathan , Turgeon Maxime , Lix Lisa M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Smoking is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Multiple smoking status ascertainment algorithms have been developed for population-based electronic health databases such as administrative databases and electronic medical records (EMRs). Evidence syntheses of algorithm validation studies have often focused on chronic diseases rather than risk factors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of smoking status ascertainment algorithms to describe the characteristics and validity of these algorithms.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. We searched articles published from 1990 to 2022 in EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science with key terms such as validity, administrative data, electronic health records, smoking, and tobacco use. The extracted information, including article characteristics, algorithm characteristics, and validity measures, was descriptively analyzed. Sources of heterogeneity in validity measures were estimated using a meta-regression model. Risk of bias (ROB) in the reviewed articles was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool.

Results
The initial search yielded 2086 articles; 57 were selected for review and 116 algorithms were identified. Almost three-quarters (71.6%) of algorithms were based on EMR data. The algorithms were primarily constructed using diagnosis codes for smoking-related conditions, although prescription medication codes for smoking treatments were also adopted. About half of the algorithms were developed using machine-learning models. The pooled estimates of positive predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.843, 0.672, and 0.918 respectively. Algorithm sensitivity and specificity were highly variable and ranged from 3 to 100% and 36 to 100%, respectively. Model-based algorithms had significantly greater sensitivity (p = 0.006) than rule-based algorithms. Algorithms for EMR data had higher sensitivity than algorithms for administrative data (p = 0.001). The ROB was low in most of the articles (76.3%) that underwent the assessment.

Conclusions
Multiple algorithms using different data sources and methods have been proposed to ascertain smoking status in electronic health data. Many algorithms had low sensitivity and positive predictive value, but the data source influenced their validity. Algorithms based on machine-learning models for multiple linked data sources have improved validity.
Daily routine disruptions and psychiatric symptoms amid COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from 0.9 million individuals in 32 countries
Authors: Liu Huinan , Tao Tiffany Junchen , Chan Selina Kit Yi , Ma Jeremy Chi Him , Lau Abby Yan Tung , Yeung Ernest Tsun Fung , Hobfoll Stevan E. , Hou Wai Kai 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently a deficit of knowledge about how to define, quantify, and measure different aspects of daily routine disruptions amid large-scale disasters like COVID-19, and which psychiatric symptoms were more related to the disruptions. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the probable positive associations between daily routine disruptions and mental disorders amid the COVID-19 pandemic and factors that moderated the associations.MethodsPsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE were systematically searched up to April 2023 (PROSPERO: CRD42023356846). Independent variables included regularity, change in frequency, and change in capability of different daily routines (i.e., physical activity, diet, sleep, social activities, leisure activities, work and studies, home activities, smoking, alcohol, combined multiple routines, unspecified generic routines). Dependent variables included symptoms and/or diagnoses of mental disorders (i.e., depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and general psychological distress).ResultsFifty-three eligible studies (51 independent samples, 910,503 respondents) were conducted in five continents. Daily routine disruptions were positively associated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.13, 95% CI = [0.06; 0.20],p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (r = 0.12, 95% CI = [0.06; 0.17],p < 0.001), and general psychological distress (r = 0.09, 95% CI = [0.02; 0.16],p = 0.02). The routine-symptom associations were significant for physical activity, eating, sleep, and smoking (i.e., type), routines that were defined and assessed on regularity and change in capability (i.e., definition and assessment), and routines that were not internet-based. While the positive associations remained consistent across different sociodemographics, they were stronger in geo-temporal contexts with greater pandemic severity, lower governmental economic support, and when the routine-symptom link was examined prospectively.ConclusionsThis is one of the first meta-analytic evidence to show the positive association between daily routine disruptions and symptoms of mental disorders among large populations as COVID-19 dynamically unfolded across different geo-temporal contexts. Our findings highlight the priority of behavioral adjustment for enhancing population mental health in future large-scale disasters like COVID-19.
Discrimination of pancreato-biliary cancer and pancreatitis patients by non-invasive liquid biopsy
Authors: Hartwig Christina , Müller Jan , Klett Hagen , Kouhestani Dina , Mittelstädt Anke , Anthuber Anna , David Paul , Brunner Maximilian , Jacobsen Anne , Glanz Karolina , Swierzy Izabela , Roßdeutsch Lotta , Klösch Bettina , Grützmann Robert , Wittenberger Timo , Sohn Kai , Weber Georg F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Current diagnostics for the detection of pancreato-biliary cancers (PBCs) need to be optimized. We therefore propose that methylated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) derived from non-invasive liquid biopsies serves as a novel biomarker with the ability to discriminate pancreato-biliary cancers from non-cancer pancreatitis patients.

Methods
Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) from plasma cfDNA between PBCs, pancreatitis and clinical control samples conditions were identified by next-generation sequencing after enrichment using methyl-binding domains and database searches to generate a discriminatory panel for a hybridization and capture assay with subsequent targeted high throughput sequencing.

Results
The hybridization and capture panel, covering around 74 kb in total, was applied to sequence a cohort of 25 PBCs, 25 pancreatitis patients, 25 clinical controls, and seven cases of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia (IPMN). An unbiased machine learning approach identified the 50 most discriminatory methylation markers for the discrimination of PBC from pancreatitis and controls resulting in an AUROC of 0.85 and 0.88 for a training (n = 45) and a validation (n = 37) data set, respectively. The panel was also able to distinguish high grade from low grade IPMN samples.

Conclusions
We present a proof of concept for a methylation biomarker panel with better performance and improved discriminatory power than the current clinical marker CA19-9 for the discrimination of pancreato-biliary cancers from non-cancerous pancreatitis patients and clinical controls. This workflow might be used in future diagnostics for the detection of precancerous lesions, e.g. the identification of high grade IPMNs vs. low grade IPMNs.
Natural carboxyterminal truncation of human CXCL10 attenuates glycosaminoglycan binding, CXCR3A signaling and lymphocyte chemotaxis, while retaining angiostatic activity
Authors: Dillemans Luna , Yu Karen , De Zutter Alexandra , Noppen Sam , Gouwy Mieke , Berghmans Nele , Verhallen Lisa , De Bondt Mirre , Vanbrabant Lotte , Brusselmans Stef , Martens Erik , Schols Dominique , Verschueren Patrick , Rosenkilde Mette M. , Marques Pedro Elias , Struyf Sofie , Proost Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Interferon-γ-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10/CXCL10) is a dual-function CXC chemokine that coordinates chemotaxis of activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells via interaction with its G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3). As a consequence of natural posttranslational modifications, human CXCL10 exhibits a high degree of structural and functional heterogeneity. However, the biological effect of natural posttranslational processing of CXCL10 at the carboxy (C)-terminus has remained partially elusive. We studied CXCL10(1–73), lacking the four endmost C-terminal amino acids, which was previously identified in supernatant of cultured human fibroblasts and keratinocytes.

Methods
Relative levels of CXCL10(1–73) and intact CXCL10(1–77) were determined in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through tandem mass spectrometry. The production of CXCL10(1–73) was optimized through Fmoc-based solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and a strategy to efficiently generate human CXCL10 proteoforms was introduced. CXCL10(1–73) was compared to intact CXCL10(1–77) using surface plasmon resonance for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding affinity, assays for cell migration, second messenger signaling downstream of CXCR3, and flow cytometry of CHO cells and primary human T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Leukocyte recruitment in vivo upon intraperitoneal injection of CXCL10(1–73) was also evaluated.

Results
Natural CXCL10(1–73) was more abundantly present compared to intact CXCL10(1–77) in synovial fluids of patients with RA. CXCL10(1–73) had diminished affinity for GAG including heparin, heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate A. Moreover, CXCL10(1–73) exhibited an attenuated capacity to induce CXCR3A-mediated signaling, as evidenced in calcium mobilization assays and through quantification of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase B/Akt. Furthermore, CXCL10(1–73) incited significantly less primary human T lymphocyte chemotaxis in vitro and peritoneal ingress of CXCR3+ T lymphocytes in mice. In contrast, loss of the four endmost C-terminal residues did not affect the inhibitory properties of CXCL10 on migration, proliferation, wound closure, phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and sprouting of human microvascular endothelial cells.

Conclusion
Our study shows that the C-terminal residues Lys74-Pro77 of CXCL10 are important for GAG binding, signaling through CXCR3A, T lymphocyte chemotaxis, but dispensable for angiostasis.

Graphical Abstract
Editing of the ethylene biosynthesis gene in carnation using CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex
Authors: Adedeji Oluwaseun Suleimon , Naing Aung Htay , Kang Hyunhee , Xu Junping , Chung Mi Young , Kim Chang Kil 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study aimed to edit ethylene (ET) biosynthesis genes [1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthetase 1 (ACS1) and ACC oxidase 1 (ACO1)] in carnation using the CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex system. Initially, the conserved regions of the target genes (ACS1 and ACO1) were validated for the generation of different single guide RNAs (sgRNAs), followed by the use of an in vitro cleavage assay to confirm the ability of the sgRNAs to cleave the target genes specifically. The in vitro cleavage assay revealed that the sgRNAs were highly effective in cleaving their respective target regions. The complex of sgRNA: Cas9 was directly delivered into the carnation protoplast, and the target genes in the protoplast were deep-sequenced. The results revealed that the sgRNAs were applicable for editing the ET biosynthesis genes, as the mutation frequency ranged from 8.8 to 10.8% for ACO1 and 0.2–58.5% for ACS1. When sequencing the target genes in the callus derived from the protoplasts transformed with sgRNA: Cas9, different indel patterns (+ 1, − 1, and − 8 bp) in ACO1 and (− 1, + 1, and + 11) in ACS1 were identified. This study highlighted the potential application of CRISPR/Cas9 RNP complex system in facilitating precise gene editing for ET biosynthesis in carnation.
Metastasis infiltrating tumor to meningioma: a case report
Authors: Matsuzaki Ryo , Fuchinoue Yutaka , Mikai Masataka , Nakada Chie , Uchino Kei , Terazono Sayaka , Harada Masashi , Kondo Kosuke , Harada Naoyuki , Sugo Nobuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
There have been many reports of tumor-to-tumor metastasis, in which cancer metastasizes directly into meningiomas. However, metastasis infiltrating tumors in which cancer metastasizes around meningiomas are rare. Therefore, we report a case of metastasis originating from lung cancer that infiltrated meningioma.

Case presentation
A 79-year-old Japanese woman underwent head magnetic resonance imaging for brain metastasis screening before lung cancer surgery. At that time, asymptomatic meningioma of the left frontal region was accidentally found. Magnetic resonance imaging 6 months later revealed a lesion suspected to be a metastatic brain tumor close to the meningioma. Brain tumor resection was performed, and histopathological diagnosis was meningioma and metastatic brain tumor. Metastatic cancer had invaded the meningioma at the boundary between the brain tumor and metastasis.

Conclusions
A sudden change in imaging findings on routine examination of meningiomas in patients with lung carcinoma may indicate a metastatic brain tumor. The form of cancer metastasis to meningioma is not limited to tumor-to-tumor metastasis, but also includes metastasis infiltrating tumors near the meningioma.