bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence and nature of child sexual abuse: evidence from a female university sample in the UK
Authors: Oaksford Karen L. , Frude Neil 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIt is well established that child sexual abuse is a considerable international problem, yet evidence regarding its prevalence in the United Kingdom is extremely sparse, with the most comprehensive study conducted over a decade ago. The aim of this study is to establish a current estimate of the prevalence and nature of child sexual abuse in the United Kingdom, using a sample of female university students. Of the 213 female undergraduate students who completed questionnaires, 28 were sexually abused, giving a prevalence rate of 13.14%. Information was also obtained regarding the nature of the abuse. These results show that a substantial proportion of female students in the United Kingdom, who appear to be coping with tertiary education, have been sexually abused in childhood. The implications regarding the benefits of prevalence rates to health practitioners are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abuse and disabled children: hidden needs…?
Authors: Cooke Pamela , Standen P. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn order to look at current practices in recording the abuse of disabled children, a questionnaire was sent out to the 121 Chairs of the Area Child Protection Committees in the United Kingdom. Of the 73 responders, over 50% claimed to identify the disability of an abused child but only 10% could given an actual figure. The lack of statistical evidence made it impossible to calculate anything except an approximation of the rate of abuse of disabled children. Schedules completed over a period of 1 year in two Social Services Departments for all disabled children who were conferenced for abuse showed that they were less likely to be put on the child protection register than a comparison group of non‐disabled children. Semi‐structured interviews with eight of the key workers for the disabled children revealed that they were concerned that there was a tendency ‘not to see’ the abuse of disabled children and they did not feel there was sufficient training regarding the interface between abuse and disabilities. Taking into account the responses to the study, a number of national and local recommendations were made. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of a novel gene expressed in neuromuscular tissues and centrosomes in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kwon Soonjae , Song Woo Keun , Park Chul‐Seung , Ahnn Joohong 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has many advantages for studying gene function at the organism level. In particular, completion of the genome sequencing has made it feasible to study gene structure and function of both known and novel proteins. As a result of a database search for muscle‐specific genes, a gene F43D9.1 was found which showed muscle‐specific expression as revealed by the in situ hybridization pattern from the Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) database. A homology search of F43D9.1 protein sequences showed no significant homology with other known proteins, except that it showed very weak sequence similarity with the band 4.1 protein superfamily. Northern blot analysis reveals a single transcript 3.7 kb in size which is consistent with the predicted gene structure. The expression pattern of F43D9.1 was investigated using the gfp reporter gene, and it has shown to be expressed in neuronal cells including sensory neurons and interneurons in the head region. To further characterize F43D9.1, whole‐mount immunostaining was performed with anti‐F43D9.1 antibody, which showed specific signals in head neurons, body‐wall muscle cells, some other unidentified neuronal cells, and centrosomes of the dividing cells during embryogenesis. Taken together with its predicted membrane topology, we speculate that the F43D9.1 gene, which encodes a novel transmembrane protein and contains a band 4.1‐like domain, may function in neuromuscular cells, and may play an important role during cell division in C. elegans. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidermoid carcinoma–derived antimicrobial peptide (ECAP) inhibits phosphorylation by protein kinases in vitro
Authors: Hobta Andriy , Lisovskiy Igor , Mikhalap Svitlana , Kolybo Denis , Romanyuk Svitlana , Soldatkina Maria , Markeyeva Nataliya , Garmanchouk Liudmila , Sidorenko Svitlana P. , Pogrebnoy Petro V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAnimal peptide antibiotics are thought to mediate their cytotoxic and growth inhibitory action on bacteria, fungi, and cancer cells through a membrane‐targeted mechanism. Although the membrane interactions of the peptide antibiotics and their penetration through the membranes have been studied in several models, the precise chain of events leading to cell death or growth arrest is not established yet. In this study we used in vitro kinase assays followed by imaging analyses to examine the effect of human cationic antimicrobial peptide ECAP on the activity of the protein kinases. We report that HPLC‐grade ECAP is responsible for inhibition of EGFR autophosphorylation in plasma membrane fractions obtained from A‐431 cells. The activity of ECAP is concentration dependent with a half‐inhibitory concentration in the range of 0.1–0.2 μM. Marked decrease in autophosphorylation of immunoprecipitated non‐receptor protein kinases belonging to different families, namely PKCμ, Lyn and Syk, is observed in the presence of as little as 0.2 μM of the peptide. Among the examined non‐receptor protein kinases PKCμ was the most sensitive to the inhibitory action of ECAP, whereas Syk was inhibited least of all. ECAP exerted no detectable cytotoxicity on non‐nucleate animal cells at concentrations up to 3 μM. The capability of ECAP to inhibit protein kinases at concentrations, that are at least 10 fold lower than antibacterial and cytotoxic ones, suggests that the protein kinases are possible intracellular targets for antimicrobial peptides. We suppose that inhibition of the protein kinases may provide a mechanism for the action of cationic antimicrobial peptides on host cells including tumour cells. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ulnar artery cannulation for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention: Case reports and anatomic considerations
Authors: Dashkoff Neil , Dashkoff Peter B. , Zizzi Joseph A. , Wadhwani Jai , Zizzi Joseph A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTransradial artery cannulation is a useful alternative approach to the performance of diagnostic and interventional coronary procedures. However, its utility can be limited by incomplete palmar collateral support, access site failure, and anatomic variations. We report on five patients in whom percutaneous cannulation of the ulnar artery was primarily chosen, based on preprocedure examination, for coronary angiography in three patients and percutaneous coronary intervention in two others. The transulnar artery approach to coronary procedures is feasible and may be preferable in selected cases. Anatomic considerations are discussed. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:93–96. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meralgia paresthetica: An unusual complication of cardiac catheterization via the femoral artery
Authors: Butler Rob , Webster Mark W.I. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNerve complications following cardiac catheterization via the femoral route are rare. We report a case of meralgia paresthetica, a mononeuropathy affecting the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh following uncomplicated cardiac catheterization and percutaneous intervention via this route. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:69–71. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous recanalization and balloon angioplasty of congenital isolated local atresia of the aortic isthmus in adults
Authors: Joseph George , Mandalay Asishkumar , Rajendiran G. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCongenital isolated local atresia of the aortic isthmus is anatomically similar and morphogenetically related to congenital coarctation of the aorta and was encountered in 4 out of 26 consecutive adult patients selected for coarctation angioplasty at our center. Anterograde recanalization of the atresia was safely and successfully accomplished in all four patients, using a brachial approach. Balloon dilation in the four patients, with ancillary stent implantation in one patient, resulted in reduction of translesion gradient from 84 ± 11 mm Hg to 9 ± 7 mm Hg without complications. Angiography in the three non‐stented patients after a mean follow‐up of 13 months showed no evidence of restenosis, dissection or aneurysm formation, though one patient had mild dilatation of the posterior aspect of the aortic isthmus. The clinical presentation of patients with isolated local aortic atresia, and their short‐ to mid‐term response to percutaneous treatment, is similar to that of patients with isolated severe coarctation of aorta. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;53:535–541. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficacy and safety of PTCA using brachial approach and low‐dose heparin
Authors: Taguchi Haruyuki , Kawarabayashi Takahiko , Tanaka Atsushi , Nishida Yukio , Sakamoto Tsunemori , Tahara Akira , Shimada Kenei , Yoshikawa Junichi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPercutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is routinely performed using the femoral approach. However, recent reports suggest the usefulness of the brachial approaches for patients for whom the femoral approach is impossible due to peripheral vessel disease or to shortened postoperative rest times. However, some reports have revealed that the incidence of vascular complications undergoing brachial‐approach PTCA may be higher than those with the femoral approach, possibly due to relatively higher dose of heparin. Accordingly, in this study we evaluated the efficacy and safety of PTCA using the brachial approach and low‐dose heparin, hypothesizing that lowering the heparin dose might result in reduced vascular complications. The study population of patients admitted for angina pectoris consisted of 217 subjects (221 lesions) who underwent brachial‐approach PTCA and 102 subjects (115 lesions) who underwent PTCA via the femoral approach. Both groups were monitored for complications. There were no significant differences in patient or lesion characteristics between the groups. Incidence of vascular complications tended to be lower in the brachial group than in the femoral group (1.8% vs. 3.5%), although the difference did not reach statistical significance. Use of anodynes was also significantly lower in the brachial group (3.6% vs. 33%). PTCA from the brachial approach with low‐dose heparin is as safe and effective a strategy as compared with the femoral approach with standard dose of heparin. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:165–168. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optical coherent reflectometry: A new technique to guide invasive procedures
Authors: Yamashita Takehiro , Kasaoka Shunji , Son Rirei , Gordon Ian L. , Khan Rahil , Neet John , Hedrick Allan D. , Tobis Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe success rate of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for chronic total arterial occlusions is still unsatisfactory. Inability to cross the lesion with a guidewire is a major cause of failure. Optical coherent reflectometry (OCR) is a new method of using laser light to measure the depth of tissue from the end of an optic fiber. This study tests whether an OCR prototype guidewire provides a guidance system that might be useful to assist reopening chronic total arterial occlusions. An OCR fiber optic within a 0.014″ hypotube was developed using the interference pattern of two reflected light beams (wave length 1,300 nm). To determine if OCR can distinguish different tissue types, plaques of human lower extremity arterial segments were visually divided into three types (calcified, white, or yellow). The slope of the initial reflectance of the OCR curve was calculated and compared between the three groups. In six other arteries, the OCR wire was advanced longitudinally through occluded human artery segments in vitro. Guidewire position was determined by OCR and compared to the position of the guidewire tip observed simultaneously by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. In 16 arterial surface segments, calcified plaques had a significantly steeper slope than white or yellow plaques (−227.2 ± 82.2; −81.5 ± 12.9; −103.6 ± 19.6 dB/mm; P < 0.01). For the determination of the guidewire position, IVUS and OCR corresponded correctly in 82% of 28 measurements. Sensitivity and specificity of OCR for detection of plaque versus the media/adventitia boundary were 79% and 89%, respectively (P < 0.001). OCR can distinguish calcified from noncalcified plaque and may distinguish plaque from the media/adventitia boundary. This technology may be useful as a means to help navigate a guidewire safely through an occluded artery. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:257–263. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical and angiographic performance of a new‐generation modular stent design for treatment of de novo coronary lesions
Authors: Legrand Victor M. , Garcia Eulogio J. , Grube Eberhard , Khalife Khalife , Bonnier Hans , Commeau Philippe , Przewlocki Tadeusz , Macaya Carlos , Witkowski Adam 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe objectives of the Race Car study were to assess the safety and efficacy of the Medtronic AVE S670 stent, a new‐generation stent with a modular design consisting of interconnected sinusoidal rings allowing improved flexibility with good conformability and scaffolding. A total of 285 stents were implanted in 267 patients with (un)stable angina pectoris who underwent angioplasty of a single de novo lesion in a native coronary artery with a diameter between 3.0 and 4.0 mm. Available stent lengths were 9, 12, and 15 mm. The primary endpoint was the 6‐month restenosis rate. Secondary endpoints were device and procedural success and major adverse cardiac event (MACE)‐free survival at 1 and 6 months. All patients received the study stents and no other stents were used (angiographic success: 100%). Eight patients experienced a MACE during hospital admission (Q‐wave MI in 2, non–Q‐wave MI in 4, TLR in 2). A procedural success was obtained in 97% of the patients. There were no additional events at 1 month. The clinical endpoints encountered at 6 months were Q‐wave MI in 1, bypass surgery in 3, and repeat angioplasty in 25 (MACE‐free survival: 86.5%). Quantitative angiographic results were the minimum lumen diameter increased from 1.05 ± 0.32 before to 2.73 ± 0.39 mm after stent implantation. At follow‐up, the loss in diameter was 0.74 ± 0.50 mm. The loss index was 0.45 ± 0.31 and restenosis rate was 13.4%. This study has demonstrated that the S670 stent in patients with (un)stable angina pectoris requiring intervention of a single lesion has a low acute and 6‐month major event rate and a low angiographic restenosis rate. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:276–282. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A late complication with the cardioSEAL ASD occluder device and need for surgical revision
Authors: Celiker Alpay , Bilgic Arman , Ozkutlu Suheyla , Demircin Metin , Karagoz Tevfik , Ayabakan Canan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA late complication of the CardioSEAL atrial septal defect (ASD) occluder is reported. Although left atrial umbrella was completely epithelialized and occluded ASD without residual defect, the right atrial umbrella protruded toward the center of right atrium after 18 months. We believe this may be associated with the structural abnormality of the device. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:335–338. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regio‐ and stereoselective hydroxylation of taxoids by filamentous fungi
Authors: Hu Shanghui , Sun Di‐An , Tian Xufang , Fang Qicheng 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPaclitaxel (Taxol®), is one of the most promising chemotherapeutic agents developed for cancer treatment in past two decades. Microorganisms such as filamentous fungi are known to perform regio‐ and stereoselective hydroxylation of taxoids. Herein, we describe highly regio‐ and stereoselective hydroxylation at the 1β and 9α positions of the taxane skeleton. Such hydroxylation reactions proceed readily for the taxadienes as substrates rather than taxoids having an oxetane ring. The presence of different oxygen substituents on the taxane nucleus, such as 5‐acetoxy, has a significant effect on the selectivity and yield of the hydroxylation catalyzed by the microbial oxidases. Chirality 14:495–497, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The intelligent puzzle
Authors: Hall Chris 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe “intelligent puzzle” is that managers, according to a recent survey, assess their competitiveness as above average relative to the market, but acknowledge that they lack the CI capability to really compete effectively relative to their needs. In a rapidly changing and increasingly competitive world, they persist with relatively unsophisticated approaches to CI, especially when all levels of management recognize that their CI needs outstrip their CI capability. Most managers think they are doing CI when they listen to rumors, read a few newspapers, talk to their sales staff, and carry out some market research. In a way this is CI, but it is not very good CI, and it is not appropriate to a fast changing, complex, global world. The flood of information created by the Web‐based economy means that it is clearly impossible for managers (especially senior and middle managers) to do their own CI effectively; the amount of information is just too great for managers to be able to rely on the use of unsystematic, unsophisticated techniques and sources. If CI processes are really to be effective, then managers need to be able to make better use of a wide range of sources and techniques, and that requires a more systematic approach to the delegation of responsibility for collecting information, storing it in ways that can be accessed, analyzing it, and communicating it to the right people. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Regulators of GTP‐binding proteins cause morphological changes in the vacuole system of the filamentous fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius
Authors: Hyde Geoffrey J. , Davies Danielle , Cole Louise , Ashford Anne E. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractTubule formation is a widespread feature of the endomembrane system of eukaryotic cells, serving as an alternative to the better‐known transport process of vesicular shuttling. In filamentous fungi, tubule formation by vacuoles is particularly pronounced, but little is known of its regulation. Using the hyphae of the basidiomycete Pisolithus tinctorius as our test system, we have investigated the effects of four drugs whose modulation, in animal cells, of the tubule/vesicle equilibrium is believed to be due to the altered activity of a GTP‐binding protein (GTPγS, GDPβS, aluminium fluoride, and Brefeldin A). In Pisolithus tinctorius, GTPγS, a non‐hydrolysable form of GTP, strongly promoted vacuolar tubule formation in the tip cell and next four cells. The effects of GTPγS could be antagonised by pre‐treatment of hyphae with GDPβS, a non‐phosphorylatable form of GDP. These results support the idea that a GTP‐binding protein plays a regulatory role in vacuolar tubule formation. This could be a dynamin‐like GTP‐ase, since GTPγS‐stimulated tubule formation has only been reported previously in cases where a dynamin is involved. Treatment with aluminium fluoride stimulated vacuolar tubule formation at a distance from the tip cell, but NaF controls indicated that this was not a GTP‐binding‐protein specific effect. Brefeldin A antagonised GTPγS, and inhibited tubule formation in the tip cell. Given that Brefeldin A also affects the ER and Golgi bodies of Pisolithus tinctorius, as shown previously, it is not clear yet whether the effects of Brefeldin A on the vacuole system are direct or indirect. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 51:133–146, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites activated by collagen type I and Ca2+ have a structured cytoskeleton during collagenase secretion
Authors: de Lourdes Muñoz María , Das Pradeep , Tovar Rosalinda 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA peculiar characteristic of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites is their capacity to invade human tissues. One of the cellular determinants of invasion may include adhesion to extracellular matrix components such as collagen, induction, and secretion of electron‐dense granules (EDG) and tissue digestion. The mechanism and receptors involved in this process are not well understood. Previous results suggested that cytoskeleton plays a very important role during EDG secretion. We present evidence suggesting that adhesion to collagen and activation of EDG secretion are integrin‐dependent events, since β1 subunits detected by antibodies are concentrated at membrane sites where collagen and actin were colocalized. Furthermore, the involvement of actin, vimentin, and tubulin in restructuring cytoskeleton during EDG secretion was evident, since cytoskeleton isolation was possible exclusively in activated cells. Studies of immunolocalization of tubulin, actin, and vimentin by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy suggest a role for cytoskeleton in EDG secretion. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 50:45–54, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exercise in modern NMR pulse sequence design: INADEQUATE CR
Authors: Meissner Axel , Winneche Sørensen Ole 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe details of the design and development for a modern NMR pulse sequence, INADEQUATE CR, for enhanced detection of 13C–13C double‐quantum coherence in natural abundance samples are investigated. With the phase shifting capabilities available on modern NMR spectrometers, one pulse can be eliminated from the originally proposed version of INADEQUATE CR, which is important for composite pulse versions designed to cope with large off‐resonance effects. Such a compensated pulse sequence is presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts in Magn Reson 14, 141–154, 2002.
Transient expression of synaptic zinc during development of uncrossed retinogeniculate projections
Authors: Land Peter W. , Shamalla‐Hannah Lorraine 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe transition metal zinc is an essential dietary constituent that is believed to serve an important intercellular signaling role at certain excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. In the present study, we used histochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of synaptic zinc during postnatal development of retinogeniculate projections in rats. From postnatal day (P) 1 until P‐21, the pattern of zinc histochemical staining in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) precisely matched the distribution of axon terminals from the ipsilateral eye that were labeled by anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. Regions of the LGNd that contained only crossed axons were devoid of zinc staining. Abnormalities in the distribution of uncrossed retinogeniculate projections in albino versus pigmented rats were paralleled by identical variations in localization of synaptic zinc. Unilateral enucleation on P‐10 was followed within 5 days by loss of zinc staining in the LGNd ipsilateral to the removed eye without affecting staining in the contralateral nucleus. Finally, the ability to detect zinc histochemically in the LGNd ceased at approximately P‐24. These findings provide evidence that zinc is sequestered within synaptic boutons of a subpopulation of retinal ganglion cells whose axons terminate on the ipsilateral side of the brain. The duration of zinc staining overlaps with the major period of axonal remodeling in the LGNd, suggesting that synaptically released zinc may play a role in postnatal refinement of retinogeniculate projections. J. Comp. Neurol. 433:515–525, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.