bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between sleep duration and depression in adolescents and young adults: a system review of observational studies and a genetic research of Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zheng Qiu-qiang , Yang Wei-Wei , He Shan-Shu , Li Yi-Ran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to explore the causal association between sleep duration and depression in adolescents and young adults.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and Mendelian randomization (MR) to research the causal relationship between short sleep duration and adolescent depression risk from an observational and genetic perspective. In the systematic review, we searched observational studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. In the MR analysis part, we screened Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) significantly relative to short sleep and conforming MR concept to investigate the genetic causality.

Results
All research evidence shows that adolescents who sleep &lt;6 h have the highest rates of depression. According to the MR result, short sleep duration significantly affected the depression risk (odds ratio, 1.034; 95% confidence interval, 1.012–1.058, P = .003). Sleep duration of 7–8 h has the lowest depression incidence. Insufficient sleep (≤6 h) and excessive sleep (≥8 h) also elevates adolescent depression risk. Genetic evidence shows that short sleep duration (&lt;6 h) has significant causal effects on depression risk.

Conclusions
Sleep duration was causally associated with depression in adolescents and young adults. Sleep duration of &lt;6 h or &gt;8 h daily increases the depression risk in adolescents and young adults.
Lattice Fermions with Solvable Wide Range Interactions
Authors: Sasaki Ryu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Exactly solvable (spinless) lattice fermions with wide range interactions are constructed explicitly based on exactly solvable stationary and reversible Markov chains $\mathcal {K}^R$ reported a few years earlier by Odake and myself. The reversibility of $\mathcal {K}^R$ with the stationary distribution $\pi$ leads to a positive classical Hamiltonian $\mathcal {H}^R$. The exact solvability of $\mathcal {H}^R$ warrants that of a spinless lattice fermion $c_x$, $c_x^\dagger$, $\mathcal {H}^R_f=\sum _{x,y\in \mathcal {X}}c_x^\dagger \mathcal {H}^R(x,y) c_y$ based on the principle advocated recently by myself. The reversible Markov chains $\mathcal {K}^R$ are constructed by convolutions of the orthogonality measures of the discrete orthogonal polynomials of the Askey scheme. Several explicit examples of the fermion systems with wide range interactions are presented.
Racial prisms: experimental evidence on families’ race-based evaluations of school safety
Authors: Hailey Chantal A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Racial segregation is an enduring social reality in the United States. Since safety is central to residential and educational decisions, one explanation is, when choosing neighborhoods and schools, individuals use racial composition to signal safety. However, few studies have focused on race-based perceptions of school safety. To examine racialized school safety beliefs, I leverage an original survey experiment with 995 White, Asian, Latine, and Black eighth-grade parents and students. Respondents examined school profiles with randomly varied racial compositions, school and neighborhood safety ratings, metal detector presence, and graduation rates. Among Whites, Asians, and Latines, school racial composition shapes their beliefs about school safety, even when schools have identical safety ratings and security measures. White and Asian respondents believed that Black and Latine schools were less safe than White schools; Latine respondents believed that Black schools were less safe than all other schools; and school racial composition did not influence Black respondents’ beliefs about school safety. Non-Black respondents, with stronger anti-Black and anti-Latine personal racial biases and more knowledge of cultural stereotypes of Black violence, were more likely to express race-based beliefs about school safety. Non-Black respondents’ anti-Black perceptions of school safety contributed to their avoidance of Black schools. These findings suggest that anti-Blackness undergirds the public imagination of physical spaces and has implications for understanding contemporary segregation, discrimination, and racial inequality.
Conditional inequality and cooptive inclusion: property managers’ labor and the reproduction of inequalities in the market for rental housing
Authors: Korver-Glenn Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Occupational inequality, including occupational segregation and associated inequities in working conditions, is a key linchpin of structural racial, gender, and class inequalities among American workers. Building on this scholarship, I center workers who are intermediaries and develop the concept of conditional inequality, which signifies the mediating process by which intermediaries’ experiences of and reactions to structural inequities in work conditions affect the experiences and outcomes of other individuals within their purview. Specifically, I examine how marginalized intermediaries within a segregated profession—residential property management—experience their work conditions, how they react to these conditions, and how their strategies to minimize the burdens of these conditions affect others with whom they interact. Using 80 in-depth interviews and extensive ethnographic data gathered among multifamily managers and leasing consultants (almost all women of color) and renters (predominantly people of color), I demonstrate how managers experience little autonomy and acute, renter-oriented burdens in their work conditions. Managers adopted three strategies to minimize the harms of these conditions and, in so doing, generated financial and health consequences among renters. Finally, I explain cooptive inclusion—the process of White, male-dominated industries relying on marginalized people to enact policies that harm other marginalized people—and its implications for the perpetuation of intersectional capitalism.
Vacuum erectile devices for erectile dysfunction: recommendations from the 5th international consultation on sexual medicine
Authors: Wang Run , Martins Francisco E , Ralph David , Hatzichristodoulou Georgios , Osmonov Daniar , Parker Justin , Park Sung Hun (Sean) , Moncada Ignacio , Bettocchi Carlo , Munarriz Ricardo , Köhler Tobias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Vacuum erectile device (VED) is 1 of the main approved therapies for erectile dysfunction (ED). The introduction of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) for ED significantly changed the roles of VED in contemporary sexual medicine.

Objective
To provide updated clinical evidence to inform health care providers on best practices with VED.

Methods
A consensus panel was held with leading sexual medicine experts during the 5th International Consultation on Sexual Medicine (ICSM). Relevant peer-reviewed literature was reviewed with focus on research from the last 10 years, but not limited to the last 10 years. The expert panel generated consensus statements based on the quality of evidence and criteria of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Results
As a primary or combination therapy for ED, VED has been shown to be successful in all populations studied, including difficult to treat cohorts, such as diabetes mellitus, spinal cord injury, and post-radical prostatectomy (RP), but long-term attrition rates are high. Available evidence has shown that VED can preserve or restore penile size for patients after RP, after incision and grafting surgery for Peyronie’s disease, before and after penile prosthesis, and after other post pelvic surgeries. However, it has not demonstrated a more rapid recovery of spontaneous erectile function after RP. VED does not increase penile length for subjective short penis. Studies with female specific VED for female sexual dysfunction are very limited.

Conclusions
Since the prior 4th ICSM, more evidence is available to support the new roles of VED in contemporary sexual medicine. Research into the penile pathophysiologic changes with VED therapy and clinical outcomes for various conditions are ongoing. We encourage sexual medicine clinicians to follow the 5th ICSM recommendations, but providers should also use their own judgement and adopt shared decision making with their patients/partners when considering VED for a specific disorder.
A phylogenetic approach to delimitate species in a probabilistic way
Authors: Hua Xia , Moritz Craig 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Different species concepts and their associated criteria have been used to delimit species boundaries, such as the absence of gene flow for the biological species concept and the presence of morphological distinction for the morphological species concept. The need for different delimitation criteria largely reflects the fact that species are generated under various speciation mechanisms. A key question is how to make species delimitation consistent in a species group, especially when we want to delimit the species boundaries over many newly discovered evolutionary lineages and add these new lineages into a comparative analysis. Instead of forcing a single definition of ‘species’, we can acknowledge different delimitation criteria by modelling how fast lineages in a species group evolve to meet these criteria along a phylogenetic tree. This study presents such a new model and a new delimitation approach that calculates the probability of each possible species identity of a lineage. We use simulations to show that our likelihood function gives accurate estimates of parameters in the model and our approach have high power to correctly identify species identities. We apply the approach to lineages in two real species groups that already have genomic and morphological evidence for their species identities. Our approach gives consistent inference of species identities with these existing pieces of evidence. We also demonstrate how to use our model to test a popular hypothesis about speciation process across all lineages in a species group and discuss further extension of the model to study speciation.
Pass the Expanding Access To (EAT) Local Foods Act to promote farm viability and nutrition security
Authors: Figueroa Roger , Perry Elizabeth , Frederick Gwyneth , Alvarado Mildred , Adams Elizabeth , Bean Melanie K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) supports passing the Expanding Access To Local Foods Act—a bill to promote economic opportunities for farmers and ranchers to strengthen local food supply chains, and to increase access to nutritious foods among households experiencing food insecurity and chronic disease risk.
lncRNA PART1 improves sevoflurane-induced impairments in learning and cognitive function by regulating miR-16-5p expression and reducing neuroinflammation
Authors: Lin Yu Chan , Yu Wan Ning , Yang Wei Wei , Wang Nan , Zhang Qian Yun , Guan Yu Fei , Wang Si Li , Ma Rui Chen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sevoflurane is a commonly utilized inhalational anesthetic in surgical settings. Nevertheless, sevoflurane has been demonstrated to possess neurotoxic properties. The objective was to examine the neuroprotective function of long non-coding RNA prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1 (PART1) in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and to elucidate its potential mechanism. The level of PART1 was quantified by RT-qPCR. The proliferation and apoptosis of HT22 cells were evaluated through CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. To assess the protein level of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, ELISA was conducted. The levels of malondialdehyde, nitrite, and reduced glutathione along with the activity of superoxide dismutase were determined to evaluate oxidative stress. Verification of the targeting relationship between miR-16-5p and PART1 was performed using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The Morris water maze test was used to assess the impact of PART1 on sevoflurane-induced learning and cognitive function in rats. PART1 levels were decreased in sevoflurane-treated HT22 cells and rats. PART1 suppressed sevoflurane-induced apoptosis and attenuated its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. PART1 mitigated sevoflurane-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in HT22 cells through the regulation of miR-16-5p. PART1 suppressed oxidative damage and inflammatory response leading to improvement of learning and cognitive function in rats subjected to sevoflurane exposure. PART1 has the potential to regulate the sevoflurane-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress via miR-16-5p, which in turn improves learning and cognitive function. Consequently, PART1 may be a promising therapeutic target for sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
Clinical efficacy and safety evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing yin and Replenishing qi in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of NSCLC patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Lijun , Wang Xueyan , Long Fengxi , Tang Amei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To examine the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in conjunction with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for nourishing yin and replenishing qi in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. A systematic search was conducted across seven electronic databases, namely PubMed, Cochrane Library, Excerpt Medica Database, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan-fang Database, to identify eligible studies from 2,000 to 2,023. This study includes a total of 14 randomized controlled clinical trials, with 514 patients in the TCM combo therapy group and 506 patients in the control group. The meta-analysis demonstrated the efficacy of combining TCM in oral and injectable forms with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, with or without chemotherapy, in enhancing objective response rate, disease control rate, and quality of life in patients with NSCLC. Additionally, this combination therapy improved the proportion of CD3 + T cells and CD4 + T cells, as well as the ratio of CD4+/CD8 + T lymphocytes. The group receiving combined treatment with TCM successfully decreased the expression of the tumor marker CYFRA21-1. The group receiving combination therapy with TCM decreased the probability of experiencing adverse effects such as nausea, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and exhaustion in patients. Additionally, this treatment did not place additional strain on the liver and kidney functions. The integration of TCM techniques that nourishing yin and replenishing qi with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors greatly enhances the clinical effectiveness and safety of treating NSCLC. Additionally, the combination of Chinese and Western drugs improves the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in NSCLC patients.
Suppression of METTL3 expression attenuated matrix stiffness-induced vaginal fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal modulation of the extracellular matrix in pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Wang Xiuqi , Guo Tao , Li Xiaogang , Tian Zhao , Fu Linru , Sun Zhijing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Fibrosis of the connective tissue in the vaginal wall predominates in pelvic organ prolapse (POP), which is characterized by excessive fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our study aimed to investigate the effect of ECM stiffness on vaginal fibroblasts and to explore the role of methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) in the development of POP.

Methods:
Polyacrylamide hydrogels were applied to create an ECM microenvironment with variable stiffness to evaluate the effects of ECM stiffness on the proliferation, differentiation, and expression of ECM components in vaginal fibroblasts. METTL3 small interfering RNA and an overexpression vector were transfected into vaginal fibroblasts to evaluate the effects of METTL3 silencing and overexpression on matrix stiffness-induced vaginal fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal modulation of the ECM. Both procedures were detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, Western blotting (WB), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR), and immunofluorescence (IF).

Results:
Vaginal fibroblasts from POP patients exhibited increased proliferation ability, increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), decreased expression of collagen I/III, and significantly decreased expression of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the stiff matrix (P <0.05). Compared with those from non-POP patients, vaginal wall tissues from POP patients demonstrated a significant increase in METTL3 content (P <0.05). However, silencing METTL3 expression in vaginal fibroblasts with high ECM stiffness resulted in decreased proliferation ability, decreased α-SMA expression, an increased ratio of collagen I/III, and increased TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression. Conversely, METTL3 overexpression significantly promoted the process of increased proliferation ability, increased α-SMA expression, decreased ratio of collagen I/III and decreased TIMP1 and TIMP2 expression in the soft matrix (P <0.05).

Conclusions:
Elevated ECM stiffness can promote excessive proliferation, differentiation, and abnormal ECM modulation, and the expression of METTL3 plays an important role in alleviating or aggravating matrix stiffness-induced vaginal fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal ECM modulation.
Steatosis in the Amygdala and Frontal Cortex: Potential Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: de Oliveira Andrade Luís Jesuino , de Oliveira Gabriela Correia Matos , Nunes Carneiro Andrade João Cláudio , de Figueiredo Adriana Malta , Smith Gabriel , de Oliveira Luís Matos 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, with significant alterations in brain biochemistry. While previous studies have investigated various aspects of AD, the specific lipid changes in key brain regions remain inadequately defined.ObjectiveTo quantitatively evaluate lipid levels within the amygdala and frontal cortex regions of interest using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) in a cohort of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of individuals with confirmed AD compared to healthy controls.MethodsThirty MRI examinations from individuals with confirmed AD were compared to 30 normal controls. MRS data were acquired using a 1.5T scanner, focusing on lipid peaks within specific frequency ranges. A voxel-based MRS technique was employed to assess lipid concentrations, focusing on spectral data in defined frequency ranges associated with lipid presence. Lipid concentrations were quantified, and statistical comparisons were performed between groups using the t-test.ResultsMRS analysis revealed distinct lipid peaks in both the amygdala and frontal cortex of AD patients, with frequencies indicating elevated lipid concentrations compared to controls. In the amygdala, increased lipid concentrations were observed in the 2.5-3.5 ppm range, suggesting alterations in lipid composition. The similar findings were observed in the frontal cortex, with AD patients showing significantly elevated lipid peaks within the 3.0-4.5 ppm range.ConclusionOur results underscore the potential of MRS to identify lipid alterations in AD, suggesting that lipid profiles in the amygdala and frontal cortex could serve as biomarkers for disease progression and provide understanding into neurodegenerative mechanisms.
Optimizing stimulation parameters for anterior thalamic nuclei deep brain stimulation in epilepsy: A randomized cross-over trial
Authors: Alcala-Zermeno Juan Luis , Osman Gamaleldin , Mandrekar Jayawant N. , Starnes Keith , Gregg Nicholas M. , Worrell Gregory , Lundstrom Brian N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe effects of brain stimulation for diseases like epilepsy are delayed, making stimulation optimization difficult. The parameters for anterior thalamic nuclei (ANT) deep brain stimulation (DBS) for focal drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) management are often restricted to those used in the SANTE landmark trial. There is little evidence regarding effective alternatives, and low frequency stimulation is typically neglected. We prospectively compare a widely differing stimulation parameter set to typical settings.MethodsThis randomized, modified cross-over, open trial compares the efficacy and safety of an alternative set of parameters using continuous low frequency stimulation with longer pulse-width (cLFS), (7 Hz, 200 msec, continuous) compared to SANTE’s intermittent high frequency stimulation with a short pulse width (iHFS), (145 Hz, 90 msec, cycling 1 min on/5 min off). After 3 months on a randomly assigned first set, patients are switched to the other settings, unless seizure free. Patients are re-evaluated after 3 more months at which point they can either remain on the same settings or switch back.ResultsSixteen patients with a median baseline seizure frequency of 13.8 sz/month (IQR 2.7-22.8) were included in the analysis. At last-follow up, ANT-DBS significantly reduced median seizure frequency (45%, IQR 3 - 80%; p = .04). Both iHFS (33%, IQR 0 - 65; p = .02) and cLFS (72%, IQR 30 - 79; p = .001) significantly reduced median seizure frequency. cLFS showed improved median seizure frequency reduction compared to iHFS (p = .03) and was not associated with any moderate or severe adverse effects.SignificanceResults support cLFS for ANT-DBS as a safe and effective alternative to typical iHFS parameters. Broadly, stimulation with widely differing parameters sets may be as effective or even more effective than typical stimulation parameters.
Denoising Strategies of Functional Connectivity MRI Data in Lesional and Non-Lesional Brain Diseases
Authors: Wunderlich Stephan , Alici Cagatay , Motevalli Saeed , Stoecklein Veit , von Baumgarten Louisa , Schöberl Florian , Subklewe Marion , Schulz Enrico , Stoecklein Sophia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeFunctional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) is a widely utilized tool for analyzing functional connectivity (FC) in both healthy and diseased brains. However, patients with brain disorders are particularly susceptible to head movement during scanning, which can introduce substantial noise and compromise data quality. Therefore, identifying optimal denoising strategies is essential to ensure reliable and accurate downstream data analysis for both lesional and non-lesional brain conditions.ApproachIn this study, we analyzed data from four cohorts: healthy subjects, patients with brain lesions (glioma, meningioma) and patients with a non-lesional encephalopathic condition. Our goal was to evaluate various denoising strategies using standard quality control (QC) metrics to identify the most effective approach for minimizing noise while preserving the integrity of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal, tailored to each disease type.ResultsThe effectiveness of denoising strategies varied based on the data quality and whether the data was derived from lesional or non-lesional diseases. At comparable levels of head motion, combinations involving independent component analysis-based automatic removal of motion artifacts (ICA-AROMA) denoising strategies were most effective for data from an encephalopathic non-lesional condition, while combinations including anatomical component correction (CC) provided the best results for data from lesional conditions.ConclusionHere, we present the first comparison of denoising pipelines for patients with lesional and non-lesional brain diseases. A key finding was that, at comparable levels of head motion, the optimal denoising strategy varies depending on the nature of the brain disease.