bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of timing of coronary artery bypass grafting for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and clinical outcomes in the contemporary United States
Authors: Park Dae Yong , Singireddy Shreyas , Mangalesh Sridhar , Fishman Emily , Ambrosini Alexander , Jamil Yasser , Vij Aviral , Sikand Nikhil V. , Ahmad Yousif , Frampton Jennifer , Nanna Michael G. 
Published: January 2024

Background
In contrast to the timing of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention, the optimal timing of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) has not been determined. Therefore, we compared in-hospital outcomes according to different time intervals to CABG surgery in a contemporary NSTEMI population in the USA.

Methods
We identified all NSTEMI hospitalizations from 2016 to 2020 where revascularization was performed with CABG. We excluded NSTEMI with high-risk features using prespecified criteria. CABG was stratified into ≤24 h, 24–72 h, 72–120 h, and >120 h from admission. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, perioperative complications, length of stay (LOS), and hospital cost.

Results
A total of 147 170 NSTEMI hospitalizations where CABG was performed were assessed. A greater percentage of females, Blacks, and Hispanics experienced delays to CABG surgery. No difference in in-hospital mortality was observed, but CABG at 72–120 h and at >120 h was associated with higher odds of non-home discharge and acute kidney injury compared with CABG at ≤24 h from admission. In addition to these differences, CABG at >120 h was associated with higher odds of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and need for blood transfusion. All 3 groups with CABG delayed >24 h had longer LOS and hospital-associated costs compared with hospitalizations where CABG was performed at ≤24 h.

Conclusion
CABG delays in patients with NSTEMI are more frequently experienced by women and minority populations and are associated with an increased burden of complications and healthcare cost.
Interleukin-15 in kidney disease and therapeutics
Authors: Hall Gentzon 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a member of the IL-2 family of common gamma chain receptor cytokines with well described anti-inflammatory, pro-survival and pro-proliferative signaling properties. The cytoprotective role of IL-15 in the kidney is now coming into focus with recent reports of its beneficial actions in various forms of kidney disease. This review will summarize what is currently known about IL-15 signaling in the kidney and highlight recent evidence of its beneficial effects on kidney physiology.

Recent findings
IL-15 and its heterotrimeric receptor are expressed throughout the kidney. Like all IL-2 family cytokines, IL-15 can activate signaling through the Janus Kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer of activated T-cells (STAT), phosphoinositol-3 kinase (PI-3K)/AKT and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways and recent evidence suggests that STAT5B is an essential transcriptional mediator of prosurvival signaling in glomerular visceral epithelial cells (i.e. podocytes). IL-15 has also been shown to suppress pro-apoptotic signaling in models of acute kidney injury and pro-fibrotic signaling in models of chronic kidney disease.

Summary
The cytoprotective properties of IL-15 suggest that it may have potential as a nonimmunosuppresive therapeutic for kidney disease. A novel class of IL-15 immunotherapies has emerged for the treatment cancer and some have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials. These well tolerated IL-15 agonists could possibly be repurposed for the treatment of kidney disease and warrant further exploration.
Facial Feminization: Perioperative Care and Surgical Approaches
Authors: Ellis Marco , Choe Joshua , Barnett Sarah L. , Chen Kevin , Bradley James P. 
Published: January 2024

Learning Objectives:
After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the regional anatomy involved in facial feminization surgery, the key differences between the male and female face, and surgical approaches for modification. 2. Appreciate the integration of preoperative virtual planning and nonoperative approaches for facial feminization care. 3. Understand the perioperative process and potential complications and sequela. 4. Understand the importance of transgender care acceptance as it pertains to clinical outcomes.

Summary:
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is composed of a broad spectrum of gender-affirming surgical procedures with the goal of modifying specific facial features to create a more feminine appearance. As FFS continues to evolve as a subspecialty of transgender care, it is important to consider the psychosocial evaluation, evolving aesthetic tastes, nonoperative facial feminization care, preoperative virtual planning, specialized instrumentation, and potential complications/sequelae when performing these procedures. Computed tomographic imaging and virtual preoperative planning may be used to assist the surgeon with morphologic typing of the brow, supraorbital rim, chin, and lateral mandible regions and aid in performing safer, more efficient procedures. The increasing number of FFS procedures performed on transwomen annually has been supported by objective outcome studies that demonstrate progress in minimizing both misgendering in social environments and reducing dysphoric feelings.
Clinical Impact of Calcified Nodules in Patients with Severely Calcified Lesions Treated by Rotational Atherectomy: A Serial Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Narui Shuro , Yamamoto Myong Hwa , Mori Hiroyoshi , Amemiya Kisaki , Okabe Toshitaka , Koyanagi Yui , Ito Yuki , Gibo Yuma , Okura Takeshi , Fujioka Tatsuki , Ishigaki Shigehiro , Usumoto Soichiro , Kimura Taro , Shimazu Suguru , Saito Jumpei , Oyama Yuji , Igawa Wataru , Ono Morio , Isomura Naoei , Ochiai Masahiko 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for lesions with calcified nodules (CNs) is associated with worse outcomes than PCI for other calcified lesions. We aimed to clarify the relationship between CNs at index PCI, optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings at 8-month follow-up, and clinical outcomes using serial OCT.MethodsThis retrospective observational study utilized data from a prospective, single-center registry. We conducted consecutive PCI for calcified lesions requiring rotational atherectomy (RA) with OCT guidance. We categorized 51 patients (54 lesions) into those with (16 patients [16 lesions]) and without CNs (35 patients [38 lesions]).ResultsPost-PCI, stent expansion was comparable between the two groups, and CN-like protrusion was observed in 75% of patients in the CN group. Follow-up OCT at 8 months revealed in-stent CNs in 54% of treated CN lesions with CN-like protrusion, whereas non-CN lesions lacked in-stent CNs. The CN group exhibited greater maximum neointimal tissue (NIT) thickness than the non-CN group (p<0.001).Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that CN was associated with maximum NIT (p=0.02). Consequently, the CN group exhibited a higher clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate than the non-CN group at 1 (p=0.009) and 5 years (p=0.02). TLR primarily occurred in lesions with maximum CN angles >180°.ConclusionsFollowing RA treatment with acceptable stent expansion, the presence of CNs before PCI correlated with greater neointimal tissue formation with in-stent CNs, resulting in a higher TLR rate, especially in lesions with maximum CN angles exceeding 180°.What is KnownCalcified lesions with calcified nodules (CNs) are associated with a higher target lesion revascularization (TLR) rate in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than other types of calcified lesions.In-stent CNs may appear after PCI for CNs and is a major cause of increased TLR rates after PCI for CNs.The relationship between calcified plaque morphology at the index PCI, neointimal tissue characteristics concerning in-stent CN location and frequency during follow-up, and subsequent clinical outcomes has not been explored with serial optical coherence tomography.What the Study AddsFollow-up OCT at 8 months revealed in-stent CNs in 54% of treated CN lesions with CN-like protrusion, whereas non-CN lesions lacked in-stent CNs.PCI for CNs exhibited a higher clinically-driven target lesion revascularization rate than PCI for lesions without CNs, primarily in lesions with maximum CN angles >180°.
Phylogenomics analyses of all species of Swordtails (GenusXiphophorus) highlights hybridization precedes speciation
Authors: Du Kang , Lu Yuan , Garcia-Olazabal Mateo , Walter Ronald B. , Warren Wesley C. , Dodge Tristram , Schumer Molly , Park Hyun , Meyer Axel , Schartl Manfred 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHybridization has been recognized as an important driving force for evolution, however studies of the genetic consequence and its cause are still lagging behind in vertebrates due to the lack of appropriate experimental systems. Fish of the central American genusXiphophoruswere proposed to have evolved with multiple ancient and ongoing hybridization events, and served as a valuable research model in evolutionary biology and in biomedical research on human disease for more than a century. Here, we provide the complete genome resource and its annotation of all 26Xiphophorusspecies. On this dataset we resolved the so far conflicting phylogeny. Through comparative genomic analyses we investigated the molecular evolution of genes related to melanoma, for a main sexually selected trait and for the genetic control of puberty timing, which are predicted to be involved in pre-and postzygotic isolation and thus to influence the probability of interspecific hybridization inXiphophorus. We demonstrate dramatic size-variation of some gene families across species, despite the reticulate evolution and short divergence time. Finally, we clarify the hybridization history in the genusXiphophorusgenus, settle the long dispute on the hybridization origin of two Southern swordtails, highlight hybridizations precedes speciation, and reveal the distribution of hybridization ancestry remaining in the fused genome.
Constitutive Endolysosomal Perforation in Neurons allows Induction of α-Synuclein Aggregation by Internalized Pre-Formed Fibrils
Authors: Sanyal Anwesha , Scanavachi Gustavo , Somerville Elliott , Saminathan Anand , Nair Athul , Oikonomou Athanasios , Hatzakis Nikos S. , Kirchhausen Tom 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTThe endocytic pathway is both an essential route of molecular uptake in cells and a potential entry point for pathology-inducing cargo. The cell-to-cell spread of cytotoxic aggregates, such as those of α-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), exemplifies this duality. Here we used a human iPSC-derived induced neuronal model (iNs) prone to death mediated by aggregation in late endosomes and lysosomes of endogenous α-syn, seeded by internalized pre-formed fibrils of α-syn (PFFs). This PFF-mediated death was not observed with parental iPSCs or other non-neuronal cells. Using live-cell optical microscopy to visualize the read out of biosensors reporting endo-lysosome wounding, we discovered that up to about 10% of late endosomes and lysosomes in iNs exhibited spontaneous constitutive perforations, regardless of the presence of internalized PFFs. This wounding, absent in parental iPSCs and non-neuronal cells, corresponded to partial damage by nanopores in the limiting membranes of a subset of endolysosomes directly observed by volumetric focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) in iNs and in CA1 pyramidal neurons from mouse brain, and not found in iPSCs or in other non-neuronal cells in culture or in mouse liver and skin.We suggest that the compromised limiting membranes in iNs and neurons in general are the primary conduit for cytosolic α-syn to access PFFs entrapped within endo-lysosomal lumens, initiating PFF-mediated α-syn aggregation. Significantly, eradicating the intrinsic endolysosomal perforations in iNs by inhibiting the endosomal Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate/Phosphatidylinositol 5-Kinase (PIKfyve kinase) using Apilimod or Vacuolin-1 markedly reduced PFF-induced α-syn aggregation, despite PFFs continuing to enter the endolysosomal compartment. Crucially, this intervention also diminished iN death associated with PFF incubation.Our results reveal the surprising presence of intrinsically perforated endo-lysosomes in neurons, underscoring their crucial early involvement in the genesis of toxic α-syn aggregates induced by internalized PFFs. This discovery offers a basis for employing PIKfyve kinase inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract synucleinopathies.
Maternal gutBifidobacterium brevemodifies fetal brain metabolism in germ-free mice
Authors: Lopez-Tello Jorge , Kiu Raymond , Schofield Zoe , van Sinderen Douwe , Le Gall Gwénaëlle , Hall Lindsay J , Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, our understanding of the gut microbiome’s impact on host physiology and metabolism has grown exponentially. Yet, the specific role of certain microorganisms in regulating gestational health and fetal development remains largely unexplored. During pregnancy,Bifidobacteriumrepresents a key beneficial microbiota genus that provides multiple benefits, including changes in placental development and fetal glycaemia. In this study, using germ-free mice colonized with or withoutBifidobacterium breveUCC2003 during pregnancy, we demonstrated that this bacterium is important for controlling fetal brain metabolism. In particular, presence of maternalBifidobacteriumled to reduced levels of ten metabolites (including citrate, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, and carnitine) in the fetal brain, with concurrent elevated abundance of transporters involved in glucose and branched-chain amino acid uptake.B. brevesupplementation was also associated with increased expression of critical metabolic and cellular pathways, including the PI3K-AKT, AMPK, STAT5 and Wnt-β-catenin (including its receptor Frizzled-7) in the fetal brain. Furthermore, maternal-associatedBifidobacteriumresulted in HIF-2 protein stabilization and altered a number ofhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38269505/genes and proteins involved in cellular growth, axogenesis, and mitochondrial function. These findings highlight thatBifidobacterium brevecolonisation of the maternal gut is important for the metabolism and growth of the fetal brain.
Specifying cellular context of transcription factor regulons for exploring context-specific gene regulation programs
Authors: Minaeva Mariia , Domingo Júlia , Rentzsch Philipp , Lappalainen Tuuli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the role of transcription and transcription factors in cellular identity and disease, such as cancer and autoimmunity, is essential. However, comprehensive data resources for cell line-specific transcription factor-to-target gene annotations are currently limited. To address this, we developed a straightforward method to define regulons that capture the cell-specific aspects of TF binding and transcript expression levels. By integrating cellular transcriptome and transcription factor binding data, we generated regulons for four common cell lines comprising both proximal and distal cell line-specific regulatory events. Through systematic benchmarking involving transcription factor knockout experiments, we demonstrated performance on par with state-of-the-art methods, with our method being easily applicable to other cell types of interest. We present case studies using three cancer single-cell datasets to showcase the utility of these cell-type-specific regulons in exploring transcriptional dysregulation. In summary, this study provides a valuable tool and a resource for systematically exploring cell line-specific transcriptional regulations, emphasizing the utility of network analysis in deciphering disease mechanisms.
Transient BRD4 degradation improves cardiac reprogramming by inhibiting macrophage/Oncostatin M induced JAK/STAT pathway
Authors: Liu Liu , Guo Yijing , Tian Shuo , Lei Ienglam , Gao Wenbin , Li Zhaokai , Wang Shaomeng , Chen Y. Eugene , Wang Zhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractReprogramming fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) holds great potential for cardiac regeneration. However, low conversion rate both in vitro and in vivo remains a significant challenge. To address this challenge, we focused on potential epigenetic barriers and screened 33 small-molecule inhibitors/degraders targeting histone acetyl post-translational modifications and related epigenetic factors. BET degraders were found to enhance cardiac reprogramming efficiency by degrading BRD4 and repressing genes involved in immune response, particularly those in the JAK/STAT pathway. We further identified that macrophage/oncostatin M activated the JAK/STAT pathway to repress cardiac reprogramming. BRD4 degrader treatment improved iCMs formation by inhibiting macrophage/oncostatin M-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, BRD4 degrader treatment enhanced MGT-mediated cardiac regeneration in vivo and improved myocardial performance post-myocardial infarction. These findings provide new insights into BRD4, macrophage/oncostatin M and JAK/STAT pathway in fibroblast to cardiomyocyte-like cell conversion and offer promising targets and small molecules to improve iCM reprogramming for clinical applications.HighlightsScreen of histone acetylation modifiers identified BRD4, a histone acetylation reader, as an important regulator in cardiac reprogramming.BRD4 degradation promoted cardiac reprogramming by repressing inflammation and the JAK-STAT pathway.BRD4 degradation inhibited macrophage/oncostatin M-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway.BRD4 degradation enhanced MGT-mediated cardiac regeneration in vivo and improved myocardial performance post-myocardial infarction.
Novel gramicidin-derivedβ-helical antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Lambden Edward , Wallace Mark I. , Ulmschneider Martin B. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTCombating the threat of multidrug resistance bacteria requires many different approaches. Using structural motifs and sequences from existing antibacterial compounds affords a fresh attack against such bacteria, while circumventing inherited resistance against the existing compound. Gramicidin is a 16 amino acid peptide with an alternatingl- andd-motif with highly bacteriocidal effects in gram-positive membranes. In the membrane it assumes aβ-helix form with two peptides aligned by their N-terminal interactions, and only conducts in such a form. Using gramicidin as a basis, this study employs molecular dynamics simulations as an initial design step and evaluates gramicidin-derived candidates based on their backbone hydrogen-bond interactions, capacity for conductance, profile of their RMSD over the course of the simulation, and how the peptide interacts with the phospholipid headgroups. There are twelve candidate systems with results comparable to gramicidin and the factors at play in their efficacy are examined.
No person is an island: how employees attribute and react to coworkers' approach crafting
Authors: Lin Xinyue , Tims Maria , Meng Liang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose Taking attribution theory as an overarching framework, the study aims to examine how employees attribute and respond to a colleague's approach crafting.Design/methodology/approach Two complementary studies, including a scenario experiment (Study 1; N = 114) and an online survey (Study 2; N = 220), were conducted to test the hypothesized model.Findings Study 1 found support for the attribution of a prosocial motive to approach crafting, which in turn led to more social support and less social undermining among observers. This mediation was stronger when the job crafter was perceived as less other-oriented. Study 2 replicated the findings of Study 1 and further showed that when observers attributed both high impression management and prosocial motives to approach crafting, the positive relationship between their prosocial motive attribution and social support for the job crafter got weakened, while the negative relationship between their prosocial motive attribution and social undermining of the job crafter was strengthened.Originality/value The findings demonstrate that approach crafting gives rise to specific attributions and reactions toward the job crafter, which enrich the understanding of the social consequences of job crafting in the workplace.
Nonmarket strategy and innovation performance in pharmaceutical industry: the moderating effect of internal capability and external IT environment
Authors: Li Yanyan , Gao Shanxing , Kwok Ron Chi-Wai 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between nonmarket strategy and innovation performance, as well as the boundary factors that influence this relationship in the context of the pharmaceutical industry in emerging markets.

Design/methodology/approach
This study analyzed matched data of 227 Chinese pharmaceutical firms and two secondary databases with SPSS to examine the hypotheses.

Findings
Nonmarket strategy promotes the innovation performance. High level of firm internal knowledge utilization ability and strategic flexibility strengthens the effect of nonmarket strategy in promoting innovation performance, while information technology (IT) environment weakens the effect of nonmarket strategy in promoting innovation performance.

Originality/value
The research studies the positive impact of nonmarket strategy on innovation performance in the specific context of Chinese pharmaceutical industry, and it introduces the internal capabilities and external IT environment of the firm as moderators of the relationship between nonmarket strategy and innovation performance. More importantly, this research echoes the call for research on moderator of nonmarket strategy and identifies important boundary conditions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it also explores the impact of the IT environment on the implementation of nonmarket strategy for the first time, which deepens the research on nonmarket strategy’s effect on innovation.