bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knee biomechanics variability before and after total knee arthroplasty: an equality of variance prospective study
Authors: Kowalski Erik , Catelli Danilo S. , Dervin Geoffrey , Lamontagne Mario 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated gait variability in patients before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the equality of variance method to determine where variability differences occur in the movement cycle. Twenty-eight patients underwent TKA with cruciate-sacrificed implants. Patients underwent motion analysis which measured knee biomechanics as they walked overground at their preferred pace before and 12 months after TKA. Equality of variance results were compared with 14 healthy controls of similar age. Before surgery, patients had reduced knee extension moment variability throughout the early stance phase (4–21% gait cycle, p < 0.05) compared to controls. Knee power variability was lower preoperatively compared to controls for most of the stance phase (0–13% and 17–60% gait cycle, p < 0.05). Sagittal knee moment and power variability further decreased following TKA. Knee extension moment variability was lower postoperatively throughout stance phase compared to preoperatively (4–22% and 36–60% gait cycle, p < 0.05) and compared to controls (4–30% and 45–60% gait cycle, p < 0.05). Knee power variability remained lower following TKA throughout stance phase compared to preoperatively (10–24% and 36–58% gait cycle, p < 0.05) and controls (3–60% gait cycle, p < 0.05). TKA patients may be less stable, and this may be in part due to an unresolved adaptation developed while awaiting TKA surgery and the cruciate sacrificing design of the implants utilized in this study.
Drivers of spatio-temporal population dynamics of game species in a mountain landscape
Authors: Tasser Erich , Unterthurner Birgith , Agreiter Andreas , Gerstgrasser Lothar , Giardino Marco , Tappeiner Ulrike , Walde Janette , Rüdisser Johannes 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSince the end of the nineteenth century, socio-economic changes have greatly altered the Central European landscape and the structural and functional quality of habitats. Urban sprawl areas have appeared, a reduction of multiple forest uses has resulted in the densification of forests and agricultural land use has changed fundamentally through specialisation and intensification. Many of these changes affect biodiversity. To determine the important drivers of spatio-temporal dynamics of the population of 28 game species, we first considered a total of 130 potential explanatory variables. Second, we aggregated the main drivers of single-species models for habitat guilds. Third, we evaluated the results to aid in the development and implementation of mitigation measures for different ecoregions. We used harvest data as a surrogate for population density from 1875 to 2014 in South Tyrol, Italy. In generalised linear models, we used environmental characteristics such as climate, landscape diversity and structures, land cover, hunting, wildlife diseases, competition and predation, land-use type, and intensity (including pesticide use) as explanatory variables to predict the spatio-temporal dynamics of game species. The important drivers are land use and management changes (intensification in the agriculturally favourable areas, extensification or abandonment in the unfavourable areas) as well as associated changes in the landscape features, diversity and structure, and hunting management. Climatic variables, interspecific competition and diseases only play a subordinate role. The dynamics of the habitat guilds and their drivers provide concrete indications for measures to maintain or improve the habitat quality for the investigated species. Particularly important are transfer payments to ensure extensive agricultural use, increasingly through the takeover of personnel costs, but also for the installation of an independent body that monitors and evaluates the effectiveness of the measures.
Neuron-specific enolase at admission as a predictor for stroke volume, severity and outcome in ischemic stroke patients: a prognostic biomarker review
Authors: Mochetti Matheus Menão , Silva Estêvão Garcia Porello , Correa Adriana Aparecida Feltrin , Cabette Marcela Rocha , Perissinotti Iago Navas , E Silva Lucas Oliveira Junqueira , Pessoa Adriano de Souza , de Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , da Silva Luiz Fernando Ferraz , de Souza Heraldo Possolo , de Alencar Júlio César Garcia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn ideal blood biomarker for stroke should provide reliable results, enable fast diagnosis, and be readily accessible for practical use. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), an enzyme released after neuronal damage, has been studied as a marker for brain injury, including cerebral infarction. However, different methodologies and limited sample sizes have restricted the applicability of any potential findings. This work aims to determine whether NSE levels at Emergency Department (ED) admission correlate with stroke severity, infarcted brain volume, functional outcome, and/or death rates. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases. Each reviewer independently assessed all published studies identified as potentially relevant. All relevant original observational studies (cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies) were included. Eleven studies (1398 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Among these, six studies reported a significant correlation between NSE levels and stroke severity, while only one found no association. Four studies indicated a positive relationship between infarcted brain volume assessed by imaging and NSE levels, in contrast to the findings of only one study. Four studies identified an association related to functional outcome and death rates, while three others did not reach statistical significance in their findings. These data highlight that NSE levels at ED admissions proved to be a promising tool for predicting the outcome of ischemic stroke patients in most studies. However, they presented high discrepancies and low robustness. Therefore, further research is necessary to establish and define the role of NSE in clinical practice.
Scalar invariant transform based deep learning framework for detecting heart failures using ECG signals
Authors: Prusty Manas Ranjan , Pandey Trilok Nath , Lekha Pujala Shree , Lellapalli Gayatri , Gupta Annika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHeart diseases are leading to death across the globe. Exact detection and treatment for heart disease in its early stages could potentially save lives. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the tests that take measures of heartbeat fluctuations. The deviation in the signals from the normal sinus rhythm and different variations can help detect various heart conditions. This paper presents a novel approach to cardiac disease detection using an automated Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) system. Leveraging the Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) for unique ECG signal image feature extraction, our model classifies signals into three categories: Arrhythmia (ARR), Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), and Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR). The proposed model has been evaluated using 96 Arrhythmia, 30 CHF, and 36 NSR ECG signals, resulting in a total of 162 images for classification. Our proposed model achieved 99.78% accuracy and an F1 score of 99.78%, which is among one of the highest in the models which were recorded to date with this dataset. Along with the SIFT, we also used HOG and SURF techniques individually and applied the CNN model which achieved 99.45% and 78% accuracy respectively which proved that the SIFT–CNN model is a well-trained and performed model. Notably, our approach introduces significant novelty by combining SIFT with a custom CNN model, enhancing classification accuracy and offering a fresh perspective on cardiac arrhythmia detection. This SIFT–CNN model performed exceptionally well and better than all existing models which are used to classify heart diseases.
Facilitation of sensorimotor temporal recalibration mechanisms by cerebellar tDCS in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and healthy individuals
Authors: Schmitter Christina V. , Straube Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCore symptoms in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), like hallucinations or ego-disturbances, have been associated with a failure of internal forward models to predict the sensory outcomes of self-generated actions. Importantly, forward model predictions must also be able to flexibly recalibrate to changing environmental conditions, for example to account for additional delays between action and outcome. We investigated whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be used to improve these sensorimotor temporal recalibration mechanisms in patients and healthy individuals. While receiving tDCS on the cerebellum, temporo-parietal junction, supplementary motor area, or sham stimulation, patients with SSD and healthy control participants were repeatedly exposed to delays between actively or passively elicited button presses and auditory outcomes. Effects of this procedure on temporal perception were assessed with a delay detection task. Similar recalibration outcomes and faciliatory effects of cerebellar tDCS on recalibration were observed in SSD and healthy individuals. Our findings indicate that sensorimotor recalibration mechanisms may be preserved in SSD and highlight the importance of the cerebellum in both patients and healthy individuals for this process. They further suggest that cerebellar tDCS could be a promising tool for addressing deficits in action-outcome monitoring and related adaptive sensorimotor processes in SSD.
Metagenomic exploration of Andaman region of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Prasoodanan P. K. Vishnu , Kumar Sudhir , Dhakan Darshan B. , Waiker Prashant , Saxena Rituja , Sharma Vineet K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOcean microbiome is crucial for global biogeochemical cycles and primary productivity. Despite numerous studies investigating the global ocean microbiomes, the microbiome composition of the Andaman region of the Indian Ocean remains largely unexplored. While this region harbors pristine biological diversity, the escalating anthropogenic activities along coastal habitats exert an influence on the microbial ecology and impact the aquatic ecosystems. We investigated the microbiome composition in the coastal waters of the Andaman Islands by 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic shotgun sequencing approaches and compared it with the Tara Oceans Consortium. In the coastal waters of the Andaman Islands, a significantly higher abundance and diversity of Synechococcus species was observed with a higher abundance of photosynthesis pigment-related genes to adapt to variable light conditions and nutrition. In contrast, Prochlorococcus species showed higher abundance in open ocean water samples of the Indian Ocean region, with a relatively limited functional diversity. A higher abundance of antibiotic-resistance genes was also noted in the coastal waters region. We also updated the ocean microbiome gene catalog with 93,172 unique genes from the Andaman coastal water microbiome. This study provides valuable insights into the Indian Ocean microbiome and supplements the global marine microbial ecosystem studies.
Absence of lunar phobia in European swarming vespertilionid bats
Authors: Apoznański Grzegorz , Tuff Felix , Carr Andrew , Rachwald Alek , Marszałek Ewa , Marszałek Tomasz , Błesznowska Justyna , Kokurewicz Tomasz 
Published: February 2024

Abstract“Lunar phobia” in bats has been widely discussed since its description in tropical bats in 1978. The phenomenon has been frequently contested and supported and was first reported in European bats in 2020. Our study seeks to clarify the debate by describing the relationship between the activity of selected swarming vespertilionid bats (Family: Vespertilionidae) and moonlight levels. To verify a potential connection to the latter, a swarming dataset was analysed in respect of estimated moonlight illumination. Moonlight estimates were based on geographical location and several lunar parameters, to accurately characterise the non-linear relationship between moon phase and illumination (lux). The swarming data consisted of 32 netting and 14 echolocation recording sessions collected between August and October 2014 and 2015. Our data included 3,265 netted bats from 13 species and 15,919 bat calls from 10 confirmed species. Data was collected at the large Central European hibernation/swarming site – Natura 2000 PLH080003 “Nietoperek” in western Poland (N 52.394400, E 15.480600). Generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs) determined insignificant relationships between bats and moonlight illumination. Our analysis confirms an absence of impact of moonlight intensity on swarming bats and thereby rejects the lunar phobia phenomena in at least six insectivorous bat species (Myotis myotis, M. daubentonii, M. nattereri, M. bechsteinii, Barbastella barbastellus, Plecotus auritus) swarming in the autumn.
Individual vs simultaneous macular and optic disc measurements with spectral domain optical coherence tomography in glaucoma and healthy eyes
Authors: Venkataraman Abinaya Priya , Al-Soboh Loujain , Hedström Johan , Domínguez-Vicent Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe assessed the repeatability and agreement of ganglion cell complex (GCC) in the macular area and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (ppRNFL) with individual and combined macula and disc scans. The macular GCC and ppRNFL thicknesses from 34 control eyes and 43 eyes with glaucoma were measured with the Canon Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) HS-100. Two repeated measurements were performed with both scan modes. The repeatability limit (Rlim) and agreement analysis were performed. The individual scan showed better repeatability than the combined scan in both groups. However, the differences in the Rlim for the GCC in most sectors were lower than 3 μm (axial resolution of the OCT), and this was larger than 3 μm for most of the ppRNFL sectors. The mean differences in the thickness between both scan modes for the GCC and ppRNFL measurements were less than 3 and 6 μm, respectively. The interval of the limits of agreement was about 10 μm in some sectors for the GCC, and about 40 and 60 μm in some sectors in controls and glaucoma eyes, respectively. Both scan modes showed good repeatability in both groups. The agreement results suggest that the scan modes cannot be used interchangeably.
Exploring aromatic components differences and composition regularity of 5 kinds of these 4 aroma types Phoenix Dancong tea based on GC–MS
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Ting , Zeng Xing-Yao , Lin Xiao-Ling , Chen Dan-Sheng , Li Yun , Huang Jian-Jian , Yu Zheng-Chao , Zhu Hui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDifferent aromatic components do indeed give different tea flavors. There is still little research on whether there is a certain regularity in the combination and content of aromatic components in different aroma types of Phoenix Dancong (PDC) tea. This potential regularity may be a key factor in unraveling the relationship between reproduction and evolution in PDC tea. Here, the 5 kinds of these 4 aroma types PDC tea (Zhuye, Tuofu, Jianghuaxiang, Juduo, Yashixiang) were used as research materials in this study, the headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to analyze the aromatic components of these PDC teas. The results showed a total of 36 aromatic components identified in this study. When conducting cluster analysis, it was found that similarity degree arrangement sequence of 5 PDC teas was Juduo, Tuofu, Yashixiang, Zhuye and Jianghuaxiang. Among these aromatic components, the 7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione, the 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-,(Z)-, the 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, the 3,7-dimethyl-1,5,7-Octatrien-3-ol, and the 2-Furanmethanol,5-ethenyltetrahydro-.alpha.,.alpha.,5-trimethyl-,cis- are common to 5 PDC teas. This study aims to elucidate the similarities in the aromatic components of 5 PDC teas, revealing the major aroma-endowed substances of various aroma, and providing theoretical reference for further exploring the relationship between aroma type discrimination, variety selection, and evolution of PDC teas.
SybilPSIoT: Preventing Sybil attacks in signed social internet of things based on web of trust and smart contract
Authors: Dayyani Aboulfazl , Abbaspour Maghsoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSybil attacks are a very serious challenge in social networks including, the Social Internet of Things (SIoT). This paper introduces the SybilPSIoT method, in which a hybrid prevention and detection decentralized approach is proposed in SIoT based on smart contracts. The owner adds his objects to the smart contract. However, hostile owners can create Sybil things. This paper formally presents a model that uses a signed SIoT network with objects and identifiers as network nodes and information about the type of nodes (acknowledgers). Assuming the relationship between the edge marks between nodes and the node type, the proposed method uses trust paths between verification and desired nodes using a Bayesian inference model and structural balance patterns to judge the target node in these paths. It also uses game theory to control access owners to prevent Sybil from creating new things based on a cost‐benefit function. Based on the analysis method, a validating effect proportional to the path length on the target object was presented. This method was compared with the most novel available methods; the results from this comparison depict the scalability and effectiveness of the proposed method for large networks.
Neglected Superior Ophthalmic Vein Enlargement before Delayed Symptom of Carotid-Cavernous Fistula in a Blowout Fracture: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Park Sunkyu , Ku Inhoe , Park Ji-Ung 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare condition. However, it should be suspected when there are traumatic facial fractures, because if not diagnosed, it can lead to permanent damage such as blindness. Traumatic CCF often presents delayed symptoms, and delayed diagnosis without prompt treatment can lead to permanent injuries in optic and cranial nerves III, IV, V, and VI as well as intracranial hemorrhage. The routine initial modality for patients with suspected facial bone fractures is noncontrast computed tomography (CT) to identify any fracture lines and check for intracranial hemorrhage. We report a post-traumatic CCF case with a 4-day symptom delay, where left superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) enlargement was observed on the routine noncontrast facial CT with ipsilateral orbital wall fracture. When the patient first presented to the emergency room (ER), we did not detect vein enlargement on CT. Afterwards, the patient developed delayed symptoms of CCF and was readmitted to the ER. When we reanalyzed the first CT scan, an enlarged SOV was confirmed. The diagnosis was confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging angiography, and the patient was successfully treated with embolization of the fistula. Thus, we recommend reviewing ophthalmic vein enlargement that is readily identifiable through noncontrast CT for patients injured by craniofacial trauma to suspect the presence of delayed CCF at their initial presentation.
Multifunctional platform for photothermal therapy combined with luminescence nanothermometry probes
Authors: Horcajo Manuel , Arranz Daniel , Weigand Rosa , Presa Patricia de la 
Published: February 2024

The design of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) that can generate and monitor heat release in real-time during thermal therapy is a major challenge in nanomedicine. In this work, a trimodal system that combines magnetic hyperthermia (MH), photothermal therapy (PT) and luminescence nano-thermometry (LT) has been set up in a single platform. Magnetite NPs were optimized focusing on MH and PT; then, the NPs have been coated with embedded Nd3+ cations to enhance the PT and to act as LT probe. Nd3+ is an interesting luminescent probe, with excitation around 800 nm and emission at the second biological window. Such hybrid system could act as heat mediator and imaging probe for in situ thermometer during the PT and MH, since these wavelengths belong to the biological windows.
Linguistic landscapes of activism
Authors: Arias Álvarez Alba 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The field of the linguistic landscape has been examined as an arena of negotiation, struggle, and contestation, where individuals and communities play roles in the symbolic construction of the public sphere. Transitory linguistic landscapes show the power struggle between different communities or how individuals claim their rights in the public sphere. Specifically, political demonstrations can influence public opinion and change policies and law. The mass protest analyzed in the present study aimed to inform public opinion about a public healthcare problem and to push the regional government to take action to resolve the issue. Following the frameworks of geosemiotics, interpellation, and dialogism, the focus of the present study is to examine qualitatively how the political and social action of a mass demonstration is mediated and created through multimodal resources.
The importance of features and exponents
Authors: Lohndal Terje , Putnam Michael T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Formal approaches to bi- and multilingual grammars rely on two important claims: (i) the grammatical architecture
should be able to deal with mono- and bi-/multilingual data without any specific constraints for the latter, (ii) features play a
pivotal role in accounting for patterns across and within grammars. In the present paper, it is argued that an exoskeletal
approach to grammar, which clearly distinguishes between the underlying syntactic features and their morphophonological
realizations (exponents), offers an ideal tool to analyze data from bi- and multilingual speakers. Specifically, it is shown that
this framework can subsume the specific mechanism of Feature Reassembly developed by Donna Lardiere since the
late 1990’s. Three case studies involving different languages and language combinations are offered in support of this claim,
demonstrating how an exoskeletal approach can be employed without any additional constraints or mechanisms.
Estudio correlacional del género ficha clínica
Authors: Meza Paulina , Lillo-Fuentes Fernando , Velasco Erlantz , Silva-Rosas Carlos 
Published: February 2024

Abstracta
Nuestro objetivo es relacionar los rasgos lingüísticos, la calidad lingüístico-discursiva, la evaluación
disciplinar y la percepción de autoeficacia en escritura en el género Ficha Clínica. En este estudio correlacional, se analizó un
corpus de 52 Fichas Clínicas, producidas por estudiantes de Medicina de una universidad chilena, quienes, además, respondieron un
cuestionario de percepción de autoeficacia en escritura. La evaluación disciplinar se obtuvo a partir de la calificación del texto
por parte de médicos-docentes. Para el análisis de la calidad lingüístico-discursiva se diseñó y validó un instrumento específico
(Rúbrica para Evaluar la Calidad Lingüístico-Discursiva de Textos Disciplinares en Medicina). Los resultados muestran
correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la evaluación realizada por los médicos y la calidad lingüístico-discursiva.
La percepción de autoeficacia no presenta correlaciones significativas con ninguna de estas variables. En conclusión, la
investigación representa un avance importante en la descripción del género Ficha Clínica desde una perspectiva multidimensional e
interdisciplinaria.