bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Down‐regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 in chronic renal failure: role of uremic mediators
Authors: Guévin Carl , Michaud Josée , Naud Judith , Leblond Francois A , Pichette Vincent 
Published: November 2002

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with a decrease in liver cytochrome P450 (P450). The mechanism remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the serum of rats with CRF on liver P450.
Normal rat hepatocytes were incubated for 24 h with serum (concentration of 10%) from rats with CRF and from control animals in order to measure (1) total P450 level, (2) protein expression and mRNA levels of major P450 isoforms, and (3) some of their specific metabolic activities (N‐demethylation of erythromycin). Time‐course experiments (incubation time from 12 to 48 h) and dose‐response curves (concentration of serum ranging from 1 to 30%) have been conducted.
In normal hepatocytes incubated for 24 h with serum (concentration of 10%) from rats with CRF, total P450 level, protein expression and mRNA levels of several P450 isoforms (CYP2C6, 2C11, 3A1 and 3A2) were decreased by more than 35% (P<0.001) compared to serum from control animals. The protein expression as well as the mRNA levels of CYP2D were similar in hepatocytes incubated with serum from either control or CRF rats. The N‐demethylation of erythromycin was decreased by more than 35% (P<0.001) in hepatocytes incubated with serum from rats with CRF. The inhibitory effect of serum from rats with CRF tended to peak at 48 h of incubation and was maximum at a concentration of 20%.
In conclusion, uremic serum contains mediator(s) that down‐regulate the cytochrome P450 of normal hepatocytes secondary to reduced gene expression.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2002) 137, 1039–1046. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704951
Mechanisms of effects of complement inhibition in murine collagen‐induced arthritis
Authors: Banda Nirmal K. , Kraus Damian , Vondracek Andrea , Huynh Long H. , Bendele Alison , Holers V. Michael , Arend William P. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the mechanisms of amelioration of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice by inhibition of complement activation.MethodsMice received 2 intradermal injections of bovine type II collagen (CII), on days 0 and 21. From day 21 (immediately after the second injection of CII) through day 35, mice received intraperitoneal injections of either phosphate buffered saline (PBS), a monoclonal mouse antibody to murine C5 (anti‐C5 antibody), or the C3 convertase inhibitor Crry‐Ig.ResultsOn days 30 and 32, the clinical disease activity score was lower in mice treated with anti‐C5 antibody than in those treated with Crry‐Ig. Histopathologic evidence of joint damage was 75% lower in the mice treated with anti‐C5 antibody than in those treated with either PBS or Crry‐Ig. Spleen cells from mice receiving either form of complement inhibition exhibited decreased CII‐stimulated proliferation, whereas increased proliferative responses were exhibited by lymph node cells from mice treated with Crry‐Ig. Treatment with anti‐C5 antibody decreased production of IgG1 anticollagen antibody, while production of IgG2a antibody was inhibited by both complement inhibitory treatments. CII‐stimulated spleen cells from anti‐C5–treated mice produced lower levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) compared with those from mice treated with Crry‐Ig. Lower steady‐state messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for TNFα, interferon‐γ (IFNγ), IL‐18, and IL‐6 were observed in the joints of anti‐C5–treated mice, and for IFNγ and IL‐6 in mice receiving Crry‐Ig, all in comparison with PBS‐treated mice. However, mRNA levels for IL‐1β and TNFα were lower in the joints after treatment with anti‐C5 compared with Crry‐Ig.ConclusionThese results indicate that inhibition of complement in CIA leads to decreased production of IgG2a antibody and suppressed CII‐induced spleen cell proliferation. The greater inhibitory effects on CIA of anti‐C5 antibody in comparison with Crry‐Ig may be attributable primarily to decreased levels of IL‐1β and TNFα mRNA in the joints.
Quantitative 1H NMR spectroscopic determination of the E/Z isomer ratio of the antidepressant drug fluvoxamine for use in pharmaceutical analysis
Authors: Deubner Ralph , Holzgrabe Ulrike 
Published: November 2002

AbstractHigh‐resolution NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool in the elucidation of a structure with respect to constitution, configuration and conformation. In recent years, NMR has been increasingly used in quantitative analysis. In this study, we show the ability of 1H NMR to determine the isomeric composition of the antidepressant drug fluvoxamine. The activity of fluvoxamine resides on the E‐isomer, and the current British Pharmacopoeia limits the content of the Z‐isomer to 0.5%. The NMR method described here is able to determine the content of the Z‐isomer down to the 0.2% level on a total amount of 15 mg of the substance. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Behaviour and analysis of masonry‐infilled frames
Authors: Shing P Benson , Mehrabi Armin B 
Published: November 2002

AbstractMasonry infills are frequently used as interior partitions and exterior walls in buildings. They are usually treated as non‐structural elements, and their interaction with the bounding frame is often ignored in design. The performance of such structures during an earthquake has attracted major attention. Even though frame–infill interaction has sometimes led to undesired structural performance, recent studies have shown that a properly designed infilled frame can be superior to a bare frame in terms of stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation. A number of different analytical models have been developed to evaluate infilled structures. Nevertheless, most of the models proposed today have been validated with limited experimental data, and they have often yielded different performances when compared with recent test data. Limit analysis methods that can account for a variety of possible failure modes seem to be the most promising approach. However, these methods need to be further refined and validated in a systematic manner before they could be used in engineering practice. Sophisticated finite element models have also been developed to analyse infilled structures. While these models are general and widely applicable to different types of infilled frames, they should be used with caution because they could be easily misused and lead to unconservative results. This paper summarizes some of the recent findings and developments on the behaviour and modelling of infilled structures, and provides thoughts for future research.
The performance persistence of foreign closed‐end funds
Authors: Madura Jeff , Bers Martina K. 
Published: November 2002

AbstractA sample of 26 foreign bond and 95 foreign equity closed‐end funds is used to determine whether foreign closed‐end funds exhibit performance persistence (PP). Persistence is measured using two different performance measures, net asset value (NAV) returns and market price (MP) returns. The results show that foreign closed‐end equity funds exhibit persistence of MP performance. These results are generally robust with respect to the holding period. In general, the PP results are mainly attributed to winning funds. A comparison of foreign to domestic closed‐end funds finds that foreign closed‐end equity funds exhibit less PP than domestic equity funds.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Outcomes in Older Adult Patients With Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Gbolahan Olumide B. , Zhi Xiaojie , Liu Yuan , Shah Mihir M. , Kooby David A. , Alese Olatunji B. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe association of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) with survival in the general population of patients with resected biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains controversial. As such, the role of this treatment in the treatment of older adult patients (aged ≥70 years) needs to be evaluated.ObjectiveTo describe the patterns of use of AC and compare survival outcomes of AC and observation in older adult patients following resection of BTC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included 8091 older adult patients with resected BTC with data available in the National Cancer Database from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2019. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts: AC and observation. The AC cohort was subdivided into single-agent and multiagent AC treatment.ExposuresAdjuvant chemotherapy vs observation following BTC resection.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was overall survival (OS) of patients who received AC compared with observation following resection of BTC as evaluated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Inverse probability of treatment weighting and propensity score matching were performed to address indication bias.ResultsBetween 2004 and 2019, of 8091 older adult patients with resected BTC identified (median [range] age, 77 [70-90] years; 5136 women [63.5%]; 2955 men [36.5%]), only one-third (2632 [32.5%]) received AC. There was an increase in the use of AC across the study period from 20.7% (n = 495) in 2004 to 2009 to 41.2% (n = 856) in 2016 to 2019. Age 80 years or older (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.25-0.33; P &amp;lt; .001) and gallbladder primary site (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.61-0.83; P &amp;lt; .001) were associated with a lower odds of AC. Following inverse probability of treatment weighting, as a composite, AC was not associated with improved survival (median OS, 20.5 months; 95% CI, 19.2-21.7 months) compared with observation (median OS, 19.0 months; 95% CI, 18.1-20.3 months). A longer median OS was associated with single-agent AC (21.5 months; 95% CI, 19.9-24.0 months) but not multiagent AC (19.1 months; 95% CI, 17.5-21.1 months) compared with observation (median OS, 17.3 months; 95% CI, 16.1-18.4 months). This improvement in OS with single-agent AC was not apparent on multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.97; 95% CI, 0.89-1.05; P = .44). However, age at diagnosis of 80 years or older (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.28-1.42; P &amp;lt; .001) and treatment at nonacademic centers (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.20, P &amp;lt; .001) were associated with worse OS.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of older adult patients, AC was not associated with an improvement in survival compared with observation following BTC resection. These findings suggest the need for further study of AC for older adult patients who may benefit after curative intent surgery for BTC.
The effect of facial ageing on forensic facial image comparison
Authors: Sexton Laura , Moreton Reuben , Noyes Eilidh , Martinez Sergio Castro , Laurence Sarah 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFacial appearance changes over time as people age. This poses a challenge for individuals working in forensic settings whose role requires them to match the identity of face images. The present research aimed to determine how well an international sample of forensic facial examiners could match faces with a substantial age gap. We tested a sample of 60 facial examiners, 23 professional teams, and 81 untrained control participants. Participants matched pairs of photographs with a 10–30‐year age gap between the images. Participants also estimated the ages of the faces. On the matching task, individual professionals, and teams outperformed controls and made fewer high confidence errors. On the age estimation task, there was no advantage for professionals relative to controls. Our results suggest that forensic facial examiners can tolerate substantial age differences between adult faces when performing comparisons, but this advantage does not extend to accurate age estimation.
Modeling Foam Cell Formation in A Hydrogel‐Based 3D‐Intimal Model: A Study of The Role of Multi‐Diseases During Early Atherosclerosis
Authors: Akther Fahima , Sajin Dimple , Moonshi Shehzahdi S. , Wu Yuao , Vazquez‐Prada Karla X , Ta Hang Thu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMonocyte recruitment and transmigration are crucial in atherosclerotic plaque development. The multi‐disease complexities aggravate the situation and continue to be a constant concern for understanding atherosclerosis plaque development. Herein, a 3D hydrogel‐based model that integrates disease‐induced microenvironments is sought to be designed, allowing us to explore the early stages of atherosclerosis, specifically examining monocyte fate in multi‐disease complexities. As a proof‐of‐concept study, murine cells are employed to develop the model. The model is constructed with collagen embedded with murine aortic smooth muscle cells and a murine endothelial monolayer lining. The model achieves in vitro disease complexities using external stimuli such as glucose and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Hyperglycemia exhibits a significant increase in monocyte adhesion but no enhancement in monocyte transmigration and foam cell conversion compared to euglycemia. Chronic infection achieved by LPS stimulation results in a remarkable augment in initial monocyte attachment and a significant increment in monocyte transmigration and foam cells in all concentrations. Moreover, the model exhibits synergistic sensitivity under multi‐disease conditions such as hyperglycemia and infection, enhancing initial monocyte attachment, cell transmigration, and foam cell formation. Additionally, western blot data prove the enhanced levels of inflammatory biomarkers, indicating the model's capability to mimic disease‐induced complexities during early atherosclerosis progression.
Co‐Self‐Assembled Monolayers Modified NiOx for Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cao Qi , Wang Tianyue , Pu Xingyu , He Xilai , Xiao Mingchao , Chen Hui , Zhuang Lvchao , Wei Qi , Loi Hok‐Leung , Guo Peng , Kang Bochun , Feng Guangpeng , Zhuang Jing , Feng Guitao , Li Xuanhua , Yan Feng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract[4‐(3,6‐dimethyl‐9H‐carbazol‐9yl)butyl]phosphonic acid (Me‐4PACz) self‐assembled molecules (SAM) are an effective method to solve the problem of the buried interface of NiOx in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the Me‐4PACz end group (carbazole core) cannot forcefully passivate defects at the bottom of the perovskite film. Here, a Co‐SAM strategy is employed to modify the buried interface of PSCs. Me‐4PACz is doped with phosphorylcholine chloride (PC) to form a Co‐SAM to improve the monolayer coverage and reduce leakage current. The phosphate group and chloride ions (Cl−) in PC can inhibit NiOx surface defects. Meantime, the quaternary ammonium ions and Cl− in PC can fill organic cations and halogen vacancies in the perovskite film to enable defects passivation. Moreover, Co‐SAM can promote the growth of perovskite crystals, collaboratively solve the problem of buried defects, suppress nonradiative recombination, accelerate carrier transmission, and relieve the residual stress of the perovskite film. Consequently, the Co‐SAM modified devices show power conversion efficiencies as high as 25.09% as well as excellent device stability with 93% initial efficiency after 1000 h of operation under one‐sun illumination. This work demonstrates the novel approach for enhancing the performance and stability of PSCs by modifying Co‐SAM on NiOx.
Heat Resistant Organic Dyes for High Temperature Luminescent Temperature Sensing
Authors: Qian Xuesen , Kong Mengfei , Song Linyi , Yue Guochang , Zhang Yong , Qian Yan , Fan Quli 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCompliant and large‐area high‐temperature gradient sensing is essential for scientific and industrial applications but remains a big challenge. Although organic luminophores have intrinsic advantages of flexibility and solution processability, they generally suffer from significant emission quenching at high temperatures due to thermally facilitated nonradiative decay. Herein, a heat‐resistant blue emitter of C3 based on triarylphosphine oxide has been developed, due to the thermal population of the higher emissive state from its lowest excited state. Based on this, hybridization of C3 with a faster thermally‐deactivated yellow dye of T4AC which exhibits a large Stokes shift enables blocking of energy transfer and independent thermal response of the two respective emitters. Thus, sensitive ratiometric film thermometers for high‐temperature sensing can be constructed. The relative sensitivity (Sr) reaches 1.27%°C−1 at 128 °C and the temperature resolution is < 0.77 °C in a wide sensing range of 20–240°C. Moreover, naked‐eye thermal mapping and multiple anti‐counterfeiting of these ratiometric films have also been demonstrated.
Extended phenotypic characterization of a novel Helsmoortel‐van der Aa syndrome case series
Authors: Pascolini Giulia , Di Zenzo Giovanni , Panebianco Annarita , Didona Biagio , Gozes Illana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe neurodevelopmental disorder known as Helsmoortel‐van der Aa syndrome (HVDAS, MIM#616580) or ADNP syndrome (Orphanet, ORPHA:404448) is a multiple congenital anomaly (MCA) condition, reported as a syndrome in 2014, associated with deleterious variants in the ADNP gene (activity‐dependent neuroprotective protein; MIM*611386) in several children. First reported in the turn of the century, ADNP is a protein with crucial functions for the normal development of the central nervous system and with pleiotropic effects, explaining the multisystemic character of the syndrome. Affected individuals present with striking facial dysmorphic features and variable congenital defects. Herein, we describe a novel case series of HVDAS Italian patients, illustrating their clinical findings and the related genotype–phenotype correlations. Interestingly, the cutaneous manifestations are also extensively expanded, giving an important contribution to the clinical characterization of the condition, and highlighting the relation between skin abnormalities and ADNP defects.
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in patients with severe COVID‐19
Authors: Shimizu Kentaro , Hirata Haruhiko , Tokuhira Natsuko , Motooka Daisuke , Nakamura Shota , Ueda Akiko , Tachino Jotaro , Koide Moe , Uchiyama Akinori , Ogura Hiroshi , Oda Jun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimAltered gut microbiota has been proposed as one of the causes of exacerbation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19) from the perspective of the gut–lung axis. We aimed to evaluate gut microbiota in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID‐19 prior to using antibiotics.MethodsWe retrospectively selected for enrollment COVID‐19 patients who required mechanical ventilation on admission but who had not used antibiotics before admission to observe the influence of SARS‐Cov‐2 on gut microbiota. Fecal samples were collected serially on admission and were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene deep sequencing.ResultsThe phylum of Bacteroidetes decreased, and those of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria increased in COVID‐19 patients compared with those in healthy controls (p < 0.001). The main commensals of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia at the genus level were significantly decreased in the COVID‐19 patients, and opportunistic bacteria including Corynebacterium, Anaerococcus, Finegoldia Peptoniphilus, Actinomyces, and Enterococcus were increased (p < 0.001). α‐Diversity and β‐diversity in COVID‐19 patients significantly changed compared with those in the healthy controls.ConclusionThe commensal gut microbiota were altered, and opportunistic bacteria increased in patients with severe COVID‐19 who required mechanical ventilation on admission.
Entanglement Generation in Capacitively Coupled Transmon–Cavity System
Authors: Wu Jian‐Zhuang , Lu Lian‐E , Zhao Xin‐Yu , Ma Yong‐Hong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the higher energy levels of the transmon qubit are taken into consideration to investigate the continuous variable entanglement generation between the transmon qubit and the single‐mode cavity. Based on the framework of cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), the authors show the entanglement generation depends on the driving field intensity, coupling strength, cavity field frequency, and qubit frequency. The numerical results show that strong entanglement can be generated by properly tuning these parameters. It is hoped that the results presented in this paper may lead to a better understanding of quantum entanglement generation in cavity QED systems and provide new perspectives for further research in quantum information processing.
Synthesis of bio‐based poly(butylene carbonate‐co‐glycolic acid) with tunable degradation rate and mechanical properties
Authors: Wang Yong , Wen Liang , Liu Jiajian , Li Chuncheng , Yin Tian , Xiao Yaonan , Jiang Zhikui , Wu Shaohua , Zhang Zijian , Zhang Bo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBio‐based copolymers with excellent mechanical properties and biodegradability are highly desired for packaging and agricultural applications. In this work, a series of high molecular weight bio‐based poly(ester‐carbonate)s are synthesized using glycolic acid (GA), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and 1,4‐butanediol (BDO). The intrinsic viscosity ([η]) of these copolymers ranges from 0.70 to 1.11 dL/g. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation at break of PBCGA10 are 19.69 ± 2.40 MPa, 151.20 ± 37.17 MPa, and 1173 ± 142%, respectively, which are superior to the mechanical properties of PBAT. The degradation weight loss of PBCGA10 and PBCGA20 after 30 days can reach 8% and 40%, respectively, indicating excellent degradation performance of the copolymers. Moreover, copolymers undergo degradation through a surface degradation mechanism. The main products of copolymer degradation are BDO, CO2, and H2O, which do not cause harm to organisms and the environment.
The preparation and performance analysis of chemical‐treated maize straw fibers and Its high‐performance polypropylene/chemical‐treated maize straw fibers/maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene/silane coupling agent composites
Authors: Ge Jifei , Zhang Jianing , Gao Yunbao , Jin Jing , Jiang Wei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing industrial interest in maize straws. In this work, chemical‐treated fibers (CTF) were fabricated based on wasted maize straws by chemical treatment combined with stirring. The experimental results suggest that a part of lignin in CTF was removed after chemical treatment, which resulted in the smooth surface morphology, better thermal stability, and even higher degree of crystallinity of CTF. Furthermore, the CTF were used to composite with polypropylene (PP). With the addition of PP‐g‐MAH and silane coupling agent (SCA), the compatibility between CTF and PP was improved and thus the mechanical performance of PP composites was also improved. At the same time, the tensile strength (54.9 ± 5.4 MPa), Young's modulus (1950 ± 246 MPa), specific strength (49.4 ± 3.9 MPa g−1 cm3) and impact strength (3.6 ± 0.3 kJ/m2) of the PP/CTF/PP‐g‐MAH/SCA (50/50/6/0.95) composite was increased by about 51%, 177%, 20%, and 113% relative to pure PP, respectively. In conclusion, transforming the wasted maize straws into CTF is an effective way to reduce environmental pollution and meet the growing global demand for energy‐saving materials.