bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting all-cause mortality in American adult hypertensive populations
Authors: Yang Long , Shen Xia , Seyiti Zulihuma , Tang Jing , Kasimujiang Abudushalamu , Dejite Tuohutasheng , Zhao Ling , Shan Xue-Feng , Gao Xiao-Ming 
Published: November 2023

Backgrounds: Hypertension stands as the predominant global cause of mortality. A notable deficiency exists in terms of predictive models for mortality among individuals with hypertension. We aim to devise an effective nomogram model that possesses the capability to forecast all-cause mortality within hypertensive populations.Methods: The data for this study were drawn from nine successive cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years from 1999 to 2016. The dataset was partitioned into training and validation sets at a 7:3 ratio. We opted for clinical practice-relevant indicators, applied the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to identify the most pertinent variables, and subsequently built a nomogram model. We also employed concordance index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) to assess the model’s validity.Results: A total of 17,125 hypertensive participants were included in this study with a division into a training set (11,993 individuals) and a validation set (5,132 individuals). LASSO regression was applied for the training set to obtain nine variables including age, monocytes, neutrophils, serum albumin, serum potassium, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, serum creatinine and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and constructed a nomogram prediction model. To validate this model, data from the training and validation sets were used for validation separately. The concordance index of the nomogram model was 0.800 (95% CI, 0.792–0.808, p &lt; 0.001) based on the training set and 0.793 (95% CI, 0.781–0.805, p &lt; 0.001) based on the validation set. The ROC curves, calibration curves, and DCA curves all showed good predictive performance.Conclusion: We have developed a nomogram that effectively forecasts the risk of all-cause mortality among American adults in hypertensive populations. Clinicians may use this nomogram to assess patient’s prognosis and choose a proper intervention in a timely manner.
Construction of a pharmaceutical care mode for cancer pain patients in primary care based on the Delphi method: an effective analysis
Authors: Xie Han , Chen Xinyi , Xue Min , Li Huaying , Ge Yonghan , Ge Weihong 
Published: November 2023

Objective: Pain is one of the most common symptoms of cancer patients. Patients with advanced stages of cancer are always transferred to primary medical institutions or treated with home medication due to their specific pathophysiological characteristics. Studies have shown that continuous pharmaceutical care can improve the effectiveness and safety of drug therapy for cancer pain patients in primary care, but no relevant research has been conducted in China. Based on the Delphi method, this study aims to construct a pharmaceutical care mode for cancer pain patients and analyze its effect in drug therapy treatment in primary care in China.Methods: A pharmaceutical care mode for cancer pain patients in primary care was developed through two rounds of expert consensus. A total of 200 cancer pain patients from January 2022 to January 2023 in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were recruited and divided into an intervention group and control group. The self-developed pharmaceutical care mode in primary care was conducted in the intervention group, while the traditional pharmaceutical care mode was conducted in the control group. Comparisons between the groups were performed in terms of pain assessment rate, reasonable rate of pain assessment, pain score, and incidence of adverse reactions.Results: The initiative of experts in the two rounds of consultation was 100%, with an authority coefficient of 0.83. The coordination coefficient of the second round was higher than that of the first round, indicating that the consistency of expert opinions was enhanced. There were 100 cases in each group, and 12 and 8 were lost to follow-up in the intervention group and control group, respectively. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a significantly higher pain assessment rate, a reasonable rate of pain assessment, and a significantly lower pain score and incidence of adverse reactions.Conclusion: Under the scientific and reasonable mode of pharmaceutical care for cancer pain patients at the primary level, standardized drug therapy could significantly enhance the efficacy of treatment, thereby improving the quality of life of patients.
Utilizing liposomal encapsulation approach to address nephrotoxic challenges of colistimethate sodium through a preclinical study
Authors: Mektrirat Raktham , Paengjun Noppanut , Chongrattanameteekul Peerawit , Umsumarng Sonthaya , Cheunsri Suppara , Photichai Kornravee , Lewchalermvong Kittima , Sansamur Chalutwan , Okonogi Siriporn , Katip Wasan 
Published: November 2023

The use of Colistin, a last-resort antimicrobial drug, carries the risk of acute kidney injury. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of colistin-encapsulated liposomes (CL) in reducing nephrotoxicity. Additionally, a liposomal preparation of colistimethate sodium was formulated using the reverse phase evaporation method with a 3:1 ratio of phospholipids to cholesterol. The liposomal properties were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, and release kinetic assay. The killing kinetics of the formulations on embryonic kidney cells were assessed using in vitro MTT reduction assay. The nephrotoxicity of CL and colistimethate sodium solution (CS) was evaluated in vivo by administering a dose of 20 mg/kg to rats every 12 h for 3 days, with a negative control group receiving a 0.9% saline solution (NSS). The study results revealed that monodisperses of CL showed a smooth surface and distinct boundaries, with an average size of 151.50 ± 0.46 nm and a narrow size distribution of 0.25 ± 0.01. The liposomal particles showed high entrapment efficiency of 96.45% ± 0.41%, with a ζ-potential of −60.80 ± 1.01 mV and a release rate of 50% of colistimethate sodium within the first 480 min. The CL induced nephrocytotoxicity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. However, CS had notably lower IC50 values compared to its liposome preparations at 48 and 72 h (p &lt; 0.05). In vivo study results show that serum levels of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and total white blood cell count (WBC) were significantly lower in the CL group (SDMA = 8.33 ± 1.70 μg/dL; WBC = 7.29 ± 0.99 log10 cells/mL) compared to the CS group (SDMA = 15.00 ± 1.63 μg/dL; WBC = 9.73 ± 0.51 log10 cells/mL). Our study findings enhance the understanding of the safety profile of CL and its potential to improve patient outcomes through the use of liposomal colistin medication. Additional clinical studies are necessary to establish the optimal safety regiment in humans.
Analysis of risk factors for changes of left ventricular function indexes in Chinese patients with gout by echocardiography
Authors: Dang Wantai , Luo Danling , Hu Jing , Luo Hui , Xu Xiaohui , Liu Jian 
Published: November 2023

Background: Echocardiographic data investigating the association between left ventricular (LV) function and gout is still limited.Purpose: To analyze the association of echocardiographic parameters based on two-dimentional speckle tracking analysis with clinically related indicators in patients with gout, and to provide a clinical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in patients with gout.Methods: This study collected gout patients who visited the outpatient and inpatient departments of the first affiliated hospital of chengdu medical college from November 2019 to December 2020. Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation coefficients between the laboratorial indicators with echocardiographic parameters. And the logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent effects.Results: The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was a risk factor for the decrease in absolute value of global longitudinal strain [GLS (OR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.01–5.39; p = 0.04)], Urea was a risk factor for absolute reduction in GCS (OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.07–1.85; p = 0.02), age (OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.04–1.16; p = 0.001), and hypertension (OR = 8.35; 95% CI, 1.83–38.02; p = 0.006) were risk factors for increased E/Em. High urea levels were significantly related with high risks of LVH (OR = 1.59, 95% CI, 1.04–2.43; p = 0.03) and enlargement of LAVI (OR = 1.68, 95% CI, 1.01–2.80; p = 0.04).Conclusion: Our study found that elevated urea and FPG were risk factors for subclinical LV myocardial dysfunction in patients with gout, which might provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of heart disease in clinical practice.
Psychological well-being of teachers: influence of burnout, personality, and psychosocial climate
Authors: Espinoza-Díaz Ivette Margarita , Tous-Pallarés Jordi , Lucas-Mangas Susana , Valdivieso-León Lorena , Vigil-Colet Andreu 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThose who are professionally dedicated to teaching can be exposed with their work to situations that influence their perception of psychological well-being. This study aims to evaluate how the factors of personality, emotional intelligence, burnout and the psychosocial climate derived from the work environment of teachers influence their levels of psychological well-being, to verify whether these variables allow us to establish a predictive model of psychological well-being by means of multiple regression analysis.MethodsParticipants were a group of 386 teachers in early childhood, Primary and Secondary education, both in training and in active service (71.5% women; 28.5% men). A correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to establish a predictive model of psychological well-being. We used 5 instruments: Psychosocial Climate at Work Scales (ECPT); verall Personality Assessment Scale (OPERAS); Questionnaire for Evaluation of Burnout Syndrome at Work (CESQT); Spanish adaptation of the Riff Psychological Well-being Scales (EBP) and Spanish validation of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24).ResultsMost of the relationships were significant, and the multiple regression analysis explains 58.5% of the global variance of psychological well-being in teachers, being emotional stability the most relevant and main predictor of psychological well-being, explaining its 38.1%.DiscussionPersonality shows a great influence in psychological well-being of teachers, particularly emotional stability. The ability to establish predictive models to explain psychological well-being in educational environments is confirmed.
Child development beyond the nutrition-specific models: bridging the pathways via psychosocial stimulation
Authors: David Blessy E. , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundUndernutrition has severe and lasting consequences on child development. Evidently, the interventions based on the biomedical model with food and direct supplementation have failed to produce the desired outcomes for decades. In light of the established positive effects of psychosocial stimulation on developmental outcomes, we propose that the observed failures relate to not including psychosocial stimulation within the interventions. Here we test whether psychosocial stimulation mediates the association between nutritional status and motor and mental development in a large cohort from Madhya Pradesh, India.MethodUsing a correlational design in children below 3 years of age (N = 275; Males = 148, Females = 127) nutritional status was measured through mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), psychosocial stimulation was assessed with the HOME-inventory, and motor and mental development were assessed with the Developmental Assessment Scales for Indian Infants (DASII). We assessed the effectiveness of 25-week intervention model incorporating psychosocial stimulation on 95 undernourished children in experimental group and 77 in control group.ResultsThe study found that psychosocial stimulation fully mediated the relationship between nutritional status and the motor development [Effect = 1.03, 95% C.I. (0.19, 2.04), p = 0.05] and mental development [Effect = 0.49, 95% C.I. (0.09, 1.03), p = 0.05] in children under 3 years of age. Nutritional status significantly predicted the psychosocial stimulation to the child (R2 = 0.77). Analyzing the effectiveness of the intervention program revealed significant reduction in the developmental delays in both the motor [t(81) = 2.568, p = 0.012] and mental development [t(81) = 4.506, p = 0.001] of the undernourished children.ConclusionFindings indicate that nutrition translates into positive developmental outcomes in a child only with the scaffolding effects of psychosocial stimulation primarily received from home. Integrating psychosocial stimulation activities like storytelling, play, art and crafts, puppets, travel etc. in the intervention programs designed to address undernutrition may yield rich dividends in bridging the developmental delays among undernourished children.
A study of the relationship between social anxiety and mask-wearing intention among college students in the post-COVID-19 era: mediating effects of self-identity, impression management, and avoidance
Authors: Xia Tiansheng , Xu Xuan , Ding Shiyao 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionDuring the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, wearing masks not only prevented transmission of the virus but also reduced social anxiety to some extent. With the end of the epidemic, the intention to wear masks to prevent transmission declined, but the effect of social anxiety on the intention to wear masks is unclear. The current study investigated the effects of social anxiety and fear of COVID-19 on mask-wearing intentions in the post-epidemic era, using self-identity, impression management and avoidance as mediating variables.MethodsIn total, 223 college students participated in the current study, and the related variables were measured using the social anxiety scale, the social behavior questionnaire, the self-identity questionnaire, and the mask-wearing intention questionnaire.ResultsThe results showed that social anxiety was significantly positively correlated with avoidance, impression management, and intention to wear masks, and significantly negatively correlated with self-identity. The fear of COVID-19, avoidance, and impression management were significantly positively correlated with mask-wearing intentions, while self-identity was significantly negatively correlated with mask-wearing intentions. Social anxiety affected college students’ intention to wear masks through three main pathways: the mediating role of avoidance, impression management, and the chain mediating role of self-identity and avoidance. The fear of COVID-19 directly and positively affected mask-wearing intentions.DiscussionThe current study reveals the differential pathways of the effects of COVID-19 fear and social anxiety on mask-wearing intentions in the post-COVID-19 era, and the findings have some practical implications for social anxiety interventions.
The relationship between emotional self-awareness, emotion regulation, and diabetes distress among Italian and Dutch adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Bassi Giulia , Embaye Jiska , de Wit Maartje , Snoek Frank J. , Salcuni Silvia 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveEvidence suggests that many adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience clinically relevant levels of diabetes distress, indicating coping difficulties. Studies have primarily focused on emotion regulation as a possible construct to be addressed in psychological interventions to alleviate diabetes distress. This study extends the literature by investigating the cross-sectional association between emotion regulation, diabetes distress and the construct of emotional self-awareness as an additional variable to be considered in potentially reducing diabetes distress.MethodsVia an online survey, data was collected on emotional self-awareness dimensions (attention to feelings, clarity of feelings), emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, mood repair) and diabetes distress, along with self-reported clinical and sociodemographic information. Multiple linear regression with stepwise backward method was used to examine associations, controlling for country.ResultsN = 262 Italian and Dutch adults with T1D (80.5% women, M = 38.12 years, SD = 12.14) participated. Clarity of feelings was significantly negatively associated with diabetes distress, resulting in a medium effect size (β = −0.22, p &lt; 0.001). Likewise, mood repair was negatively related to diabetes distress, showing a small effect size (β = −0.26, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThese findings shed light on the importance of a dimension of emotional self-awareness, namely clarity of feelings. This represents the ability to identify one’s emotional states and discriminate between them. Thus, it should be considered in psychological interventions, such as mentalization-based treatment, that might contribute to alleviating T1D-related distress.
Neuro-ophthalmologic and blood biomarker responses in ADHD following subconcussive head impacts: a case–control trial
Authors: Nowak Madeleine K. , Kronenberger William G. , Rettke Devin , Ogbeide Osamudiamen , Klemsz Lillian M. , Quinn Patrick D. , Mickleborough Timothy D. , Newman Sharlene D. , Kawata Keisuke 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThis clinical trial aimed to determine the influence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on neuro-ophthalmologic function and brain-derived blood biomarkers following acute subconcussive head impacts.MethodsThe present trial consisted of age- and sex-matched samples with a ratio of 1:1 between two groups with a total sample size of 60 adults (age ± SD; 20.0 ± 1.8 years). Soccer players diagnosed with and medicated daily for ADHD were assigned into an ADHD group (n = 30). Soccer players without ADHD were assigned into a non-ADHD group (n = 30). Participants performed 10 soccer headers with a soccer ball projected at a velocity of 25mph. King-Devick test (KDT), near point of convergence (NPC), and serum levels of NF-L, tau, GFAP, and UCH-L1 were assessed at baseline (pre-heading) and at 2 h and 24 h post-heading.ResultsThere were no statistically significant group-by-time interactions in outcome measures. However, at baseline, the ADHD group exhibited lower neuro-ophthalmologic functions compared to the non-ADHD group (NPC: p = 0.019; KDT: p = 0.018), and persisted at 2 h-post (NPC: p = 0.007; KDT: p = 0.014) and 24 h-post heading (NPC: p = 0.001). NPC significantly worsened over time in both groups compared to baseline [ADHD: 2 h-post, 1.23 cm, 95%CI:(0.77, 1.69), p &lt; 0.001; 24 h-post, 1.68 cm, 95%CI:(1.22, 2.13), p = 0.001; Non-ADHD: 2 h-post, 0.96 cm, 95%CI:(0.50, 1.42), p &lt; 0.001; 24 h-post, 1.09 cm, 95%CI:(0.63, 1.55), p &lt; 0.001]. Conversely, improvements in KDT time compared to baseline occurred at 2 h-post in the non-ADHD group [−1.32 s, 95%CI:(−2.55, −0.09), p = 0.04] and at 24 h-post in both groups [ADHD: −4.66 s, 95%CI:(−5.89, −3.43), p &lt; 0.001; Non-ADHD: −3.46 s, 95%CI:(−4.69, −2.23), p &lt; 0.001)]. There were no group-by-time interactions for GFAP as both groups exhibited increased levels at 2 h-post [ADHD: 7.75 pg./mL, 95%CI:(1.41, 14.10), p = 0.019; Non-ADHD: 7.91 pg./mL, 95%CI:(1.71, 14.14), p = 0.015)] that returned to baseline at 24 h-post. NF-L levels increased at 2 h-post heading in the ADHD group [0.45 pg./mL, 95%CI:(0.05, 0.86), p = 0.032], but no significant NF-L changes were observed in the non-ADHD group over time.DiscussionTen soccer headers elevated GFAP levels and NPC impairment in both groups. However, persisting group difference in NPC, blunted KDT performance, and increased NF-L levels in the ADHD group suggest that ADHD may reduce neuro-ophthalmologic function and heighten axonal response to soccer headers.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier ID: (NCT04880304).
Trait rumination in post-stress growth among Chinese college students: the chain mediating effect of distress disclosure and perceived social support
Authors: Wang Zengjian , Xu Yining , Zeng Huifang 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundRumination has emerged as a significant factor contributing to personal growth following periods of stress or trauma. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between trait rumination and post-stress growth (PSG) within the context of Chinese college students who encounter mild stressors in their daily lives. Moreover, we aim to evaluate the potential mediating roles played by both distress disclosure and perceived social support in this dynamic relationship.MethodAll participants completed assessments using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist, Rumination Response Scale, Post-Stress Growth Inventory, Distress Disclosure Index, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS PROCESS 4 MACRO.ResultsAll students reported experiencing mild psychological impacts as a result of negative life events in the past year and displayed moderate levels of PSG. There was no significant correlation observed between the effects of negative life events and PSG. Significant negative correlations were found between trait rumination and distress disclosure, perceived social support, and PSG. Distress disclosure and perceived social support jointly operated as sequential mediators in the relationship between trait rumination and PSG among all the participants. Qualitative analyses revealed different correlation patterns of high- versus low-ruminator.ConclusionTrait rumination affects PSG both directly and indirectly, through its influence on distress disclosure and perceived social support. Our results emphasize the significance of actively participating in distress disclosure and nurturing a robust sense of social support to counteract the detrimental effects of rumination on post-stress growth among Chinese college students.
Racial identity profiles among Black adolescents: impact on the relationship between daily racial microaggressions and health outcomes
Authors: Clifton Richelle L. , Zapolski Tamika C. B. 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionRacial microaggressions are associated with multiple negative health outcomes, including increased distress, anxiety, and substance use. One factor that may impact this relationship and has received considerable attention in the literature is racial identity. Moreover, recent studies have employed the use of racial identity profiles to provide a more nuanced understanding of racial identity's impact on health outcomes. However, to date, few studies have explored the existence of racial identity profiles among adolescents or variability in risk pathways between racial microaggressions and health outcomes based on racial identity profiles among adolescents.MethodsFor the current study, 48 Black adolescents (79.2% girls; Mage= 17.13) completed measures of racial identity at baseline and daily diary measures of racial microaggressions, depression, anxiety, aggression, and substance use for 14 days.ResultsFour racial identity profiles were identified (labeled race-focused, undifferentiated, integrationist, and multiculturalist), with evidence to suggest reduced risk for aggression among youth within the race-focused profile but that these youth remain at risk for depression and cannabis use.DiscussionThe current study helps to inform the field of adolescent health, highlighting several areas for future research and intervention for mental and behavioral health outcomes among Black adolescents experiencing racial microaggressions.