bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Graph Based Deep Learning Framework for Predicting Spatio-Temporal Vaccine Hesitancy
Authors: Moon Sifat Afroj , Datta Rituparna , Ferdousi Tanvir , Baek Hannah , Adiga Abhijin , Marathe Achla , Vullikanti Anil 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPredicting vaccine hesitancy at a fine spatial level assists local policymakers in taking timely action. Vaccine hesitancy is a heterogeneous phenomenon that has a spatial and temporal aspect. This paper proposes a deep learning framework that combines graph neural networks (GNNs) with sequence module to forecast vaccine hesitancy at a higher spatial resolution. This integrated framework only uses population demographic data with historical vaccine hesitancy data. The GNN learns the spatial cross-regional demographic signals, and the sequence module catches the temporal dynamics by leveraging historical data. We formulate the problem on a weighted graph, where nodes are zip codes and edges are generated using three distinct mechanisms: 1) adjacent graph - if two zip codes have a shared boundary, they will form an edge between them; 2) distance-based graph - every pair of zip codes are connected with an edge having a weight that is a function of centroid distances, and 3) mobility graph - edges represent the number of contacts between any two zip codes, where the contacts are derived from an activity-based social contact network. Our framework effectively predicts the spatio-temporal dynamics of vaccine hesitancy at the zip-code level when the mobility network is used to formulate the graph. Experiments on the real-world vaccine hesitancy data from the All-Payer Claims Database (APCD) show that our framework can outperform a range of baselines.
Real-World Comparison of Clopidogrel with Ticagrelor and Prasugrel In Patients with Chronic Coronary Disease undergoing Atherectomy
Authors: Khan Mahin R. , Koshy Anoop N. , Tanner Richard , Farhan Serdar , Farooq Ali , Sartori Samantha , Feng Yihan , Spirito Alessandro , Arora Ayush , Dhulipala Vishal , Vinayak Manish , Kapur Vishal , Suleman Javed , Sharma Raman , Mehran Roxana , Kini Annapoorna , Sharma Samin K. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn patients with chronic coronary disease (CCD), it is unclear whether the use of potent P2Y12inhibitors (ticagrelor or prasugrel) offers advantages to clopidogrel when prescribed in conjunction with aspirin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with atherectomy.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing PCI with atherectomy for CCD at a tertiary care center between January 2011 to December 2020 were included. Patients discharged on ticagrelor or prasugrel were compared to patients on clopidogrel. The primary outcome was a composite of death or myocardial infarction (MI), secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary outcome, stroke, major bleeding, and target vessel revascularization at 1 year. Adjusted analyses were performed using propensity score stratification.ResultsOverall, 3,612 patients undergoing atherectomy were included in the analysis (clopidogrel [70.4%, n= 2,543], ticagrelor/prasugrel [29.5%, n=1,069]). Clopidogrel was prescribed more often in older patients with multimorbid risk factors, whereas ticagrelor/prasugrel was used more in patients with greater anatomical and procedural complexity. There was an increase in the use of potent antiplatelet agents over time (p<0.001). At 1-year follow-up, the primary outcome was observed in 5.2% and 4.0% of those taking clopidogrel and ticagrelor/prasugrel, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.58 – 1.3, p = 0.50). There were no significant differences in the rate of bleeding (5.5% vs 3.7%, AHR 0.98, 95% CI 0.66 - 1.46, p = 0.92) or other secondary outcomes between the two groups.ConclusionThe use of clopidogrel was associated with comparable ischemic and bleeding outcomes compared to ticagrelor/prasugrel in patients with CCD undergoing PCI with atherectomy.
Rap1 Activation Protects Against Fatty Liver and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Development
Authors: Agarwal Heena , Wang Yating , Ozcan Lale 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that hepatic activation of a small G protein of the Ras family, Rap1a, is suppressed in obesity, which results in increased hepatic glucose production and glucose intolerance in obese mice. Here, we show that Rap1a inhibition in obese mice liver also results in fatty liver formation, which is characteristic of the diabetic liver. Specifically, we report that Rap1a activity is decreased in the livers of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and mouse models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NASH. Restoring hepatic Rap1a activity by overexpressing a constitutively active mutant form of Rap1a lowered the mature, processed form of lipogenic transcription factor, Srebp1, without an effect on the unprocessed Srebp1 and suppressed hepatic TG accumulation, whereas liver Rap1a deficiency increased Srebp1 processing and exacerbated steatosis. Mechanistically, we show that mTORC1, which promotes Srebp1 cleavage, is hyperactivated upon Rap1a deficiency despite disturbed insulin signaling. In proof-of-principle studies, we found that treatment of obese mice with a small molecule activator of Rap1a (8-pCPT) or inhibiting Rap1a’s endogenous inhibitor, Rap1Gap, recapitulated our hepatic gain-of-function model and resulted in improved hepatic steatosis and lowered lipogenic genes. Thus, hepatic Rap1a serves as a signaling molecule that suppresses both hepatic gluconeogenesis and steatosis, and inhibition of its activity in the liver contributes to the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and NAFLD/NASH development.
Crystallographic, kinetic, and calorimetric investigation of PKA interactions with L-type calcium channels and Rad GTPase
Authors: Yoo Randy , Haji-Ghassemi Omid , Xu Jiaming , McFarlane Ciaran , van Petegem Filip 
Published: October 2023

Abstractβ-adrenergic signalling leads to activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which can regulate the activity of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CaVs) in multiple tissues. In CaV1.2, various sites have been proposed to be involved, including Ser1981 in the C-terminal tail. Its phosphorylation is linked to diabetes progression, synaptic plasticity, and the augmentation of Ca2+currents in smooth muscle. Its role in augmenting cardiac Ca2+currents has been heavily scrutinized, with alternative models including the sites Ser1718 and Ser1535. Recently, the GTPase Rad has been identified as a critical PKA target that mediates the augmentation of cardiac CaV1.2 currents upon its phosphorylation. However, it is unclear which of the four potential sites (Ser25, Ser38, Ser272, and Ser300) are favored by PKA. Using quantitative binding experiments and enzyme kinetics, we show that there are two Tiers of target sites, with CaV1.2 residue Ser1981 and Rad residues Ser25 and Ser272 forming Tier 1 substrates for PKA. The other sites form a second Tier, with PKA only showing minimal detectable activity. The Tier 1 substrates share a common feature with two arginine residues that anchor the peptide into the active site of PKA. We report crystal structures of the PKA catalytic subunit (PKAc) with and without a CaV1.2 substrate that represent different successive conformations prior to product turnover. Different target sites utilize different anchoring residues, highlighting the plasticity of PKAc to recognize substrates.SummaryStress signals can alter the electrical properties of excitable cells. cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) is a key enzyme that is activated upon β-adrenergic stimulation and can alter the function of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CaVs) in various tissues. There is a lot of controversy surrounding the exact recognition and specificity of PKA towards CaV1.2, a key calcium channel located in neuronal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue, among others. Using a quantitative and unbiased approach, we determined the substrate specificities of PKA towards various sites in CaV1.2 and Rad, an inhibitory protein. Our work highlights two Tiers of substrates, suggesting a potential graded response. Using X-ray crystallography, we determined a high-resolution structure of PKA bound to its strongest target site in CaV1.2, showing how PKA undergoes multiple structural transitions towards binding and how it makes use of a unique anchoring residue.
Investigating howSalmonellacolonise alfalfa using a whole genome screen
Authors: Holden Emma R. , Al-Khanaq Haider , Vimont Noémie , Webber Mark A. , Trampari Eleftheria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnteropathogenic bacteria includingSalmonellaregularly cause outbreaks of infection from fresh produce posing a significant public health threat.Salmonella’s ability to persist on fresh produce for extended periods is partly attributed to its capacity to form biofilms, which poses a challenge to food decontamination and facilitates persistence in the food chain. Preventing biofilm formation on food products and in food processing environments is crucial for reducing the incidence of foodborne diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of colonisation and establishment on fresh produce will inform the development of decontamination approaches. We used Transposon-directed Insertion site sequencing (TraDIS-Xpress) to investigate the mechanisms employed bySalmonellaenterica serovar Typhimurium to colonise and establish itself on fresh produce at critical timepoints following infection. We established an alfalfa infection model and compared the findings to those obtained from glass surfaces. Our research revealed dynamic changes in the pathways associated with biofilm formation over time, with distinct plant-specific and glass-specific mechanisms for biofilm formation, alongside the identification of shared genes playing pivotal roles in both contexts. Notably, we observed variations in the significance of factors such as flagella biosynthesis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) production, and stringent response regulation in biofilm development on plant versus glass surfaces. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of biofilm formation on both biotic and abiotic surfaces offers valuable insights that can inform the development of targeted antibacterial therapeutics, ultimately enhancing food safety throughout the food processing chain.FundingThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); ERH, JAA, HAK, MAW and ET were supported by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Microbes and Food Safety BB/X011011/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/F/000PR13635. NV was supported by the Food Safety Research Network grant BB/X002985/1 awarded to ET.Data availabilityNucleotide sequence data supporting the analysis in this study has been deposited in ArrayExpress under the accession number E-MTAB-13495. The authors confirm all supporting data, code and protocols have been provided within the article or through supplementary data files.
KASP-PCR method to screen thrombophilia genetic risk factors
Authors: Altwayan Reham , Tombuloglu Huseyin , Alhusil Abdulrahman , Awadh Taghreed , Altwayan Mona , Albaqawi Heba , Aldossary Noof , Unver Turgay 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThrombophilia is defined as the willingness of blood to clot easily in a situation of imbalances between fibrinolysis and coagulation. It is classified as inherited and acquired thrombophilia. Several studies revealed that the inherited thrombophilia is strongly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) or deletions on certain genes, such asFV Leiden (rs6025), MTHFR1 (rs1801133), MTHFR2 (rs1801131), Serpine-1 (rs1799768),andFactor II (rs1799963). This study aims to develop an SNP detection panel based on Kompetitive Allele Specific Primer-polymerase chain reaction (KASP-PCR) technique. Results revealed that 86.5% of susceptible patients (n = 111) contain at least one mutation; while seven of them harbor three thrombophilia-associated mutations simultaneously. A clear allelic discrimination was observed for all tested samples. The prevalence of each mutation among different countries and ethnic groups are in line with the findings of this study. Rather than expensive and time-consuming approaches, the current assay enables the cost-effective advantage of the KASP-PCR, which reduces the diagnostic cost with a fast and convenient way. After clinical validation and approval, it can be used in hospitals, research centers, and diagnostic laboratories to determine the genetic susceptibility of individuals to thrombosis and for research purposes.
Structuring risks for a comprehensive understanding of cost overruns in power plant projects
Authors: Islam Muhammad Saiful , Nepal Madhav , Skitmore Martin 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Power plant projects are very complex and encounter serious cost overruns worldwide. Their cost overrun risks are not independent but interrelated in many cases, having structural relationships among each other. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to establish the complex structural relationships of risks involved.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 76 published articles from the previous literature are reviewed using the content analysis method. Three risk networks in different phases of power plant projects are depicted based on literature review and case studies. The possible methods of solving these risk networks are also discussed.

Findings
The study finds critical cost overrun risks and develops risk networks for the procurement, civil and mechanical works of power plant projects. It identifies potential models to assess cost overrun risks based on the developed risk networks. The literature review also revealed some research gaps in the cost overrun risk management of power plants and similar infrastructure projects.

Practical implications
This study will assist project risk managers to understand the potential risks and their relationships to prevent and mitigate cost overruns for future power plant projects. It will also facilitate decision-makers developing a risk management framework and controlling projects’ cost overruns.

Originality/value
The study presents conceptual risk networks in different phases of power plant projects for comprehending the root causes of cost overruns. A comparative discussion of the relevant models available in the literature is presented, where their potential applications, limitations and further improvement areas are discussed to solve the developed risk networks for modeling cost overrun risks.
Efficiency in Uganda’s seed potato systems
Authors: Aheisibwe Ambrose R. , Lokina Razack B. , Hepelwa Aloyce S. 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the level of economic efficiency and factors that influence economic efficiency among seed potato producers in South-western Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses the economic efficiency of 499 informal and 137 formal seed producers using primary data collected through a structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the study sites and specific farmers. A one-step estimation procedure of normalized translog cost frontier and inefficiency model was employed to determine the level of economic efficiency and the influencing factors.FindingsThe results showed that mean economic efficiencies were 91.7 and 95.2% for informal and formal seed potato producers, respectively. Furthermore, results show significant differences between formal and informal seed potato producers in economic efficiency at a one percent level. Market information access, credit access, producers' capacity and experience increase the efficiency of informal while number of potato varieties, market information access and producers' experience increase economic efficiency for formal counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsMost seed potato producers, especially the informal ones do not keep comprehensive records of their production and marketing activities. This required more probing as answers depended on memory recall.Practical implicationsFuture research could explore panel data approach involving more cropping seasons with time variant economic efficiency and individual unobservable characteristics that may influence farmers' efficiency to validate the current findings.Social implicationsThe paper shows that there is more potential for seed potato producers to increase their economic efficiency given the available technology. This has a direct implication on the economy through increased investment in the production and promotion of high yielding seed potato varieties to meet the growing national demand for potatoes.Originality/valueThe paper bridges the gap in literature on economic efficiency among seed potato producers, specifically in applying the normalized translog cost frontier approach in estimating economic efficiency in the context of potato sub-sector in Uganda.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-10-2021-0641
Universities’ journey towards sustainability- systematic literature review
Authors: Popowska Magdalena Maria , Sady Monika 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to identify a sustainable university’s key features. It is an essential step in tracing the topics discussed in the context of a sustainable university and their evolution in the scientific discourse.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper relies on a systematic literature review (SLR) conducted using two scholarly databases: Emerald and Scopus. The timeframe selected by the authors for reviewing the available sources spans from 2001 to 2021.

Findings
The analysis distinguished seven sustainable university categories, each revealing critical features of sustainable higher education. Each of these categories represents an intriguing area for in-depth analysis. The SLR reveals gaps requiring further scientific exploration.

Research limitations/implications
The performed literature review was determined by the choice of entries (keywords) to identify the scientific papers in the selected databases. Moreover, as the authors aimed to focus on peer-reviewed sources, this SLR did not include books and doctoral dissertations dealing with the studied issues.

Practical implications
The results of the analysis can be used practically by both researchers and practitioners in the field of sustainable development (SD). Identified scientific gaps become a potential research field, and practitioners interested in the transition toward SD may contribute by accompanying universities in this journey. Collaboration and networking with business stakeholders are critical vectors for spreading the idea of SD.

Social implications
Society’s growing concern for climate change requires accurate and specific actions from institutions. As entities educating future generations, universities have a unique role in transforming toward SD. The findings allow us to get acquainted with the existing main activities undertaken by higher education institutions in this field and understand the importance of this topic for researchers.

Originality/value
SLR is a cornerstone of research synthesis and helps integrate scientific evidence from qualitative and quantitative published studies. Conducted research presents knowledge about university sustainability and can help scientists find research gaps.
The impact of streamer emotions on viewer gifting behavior: evidence from entertainment live streaming
Authors: Xi Dinghao , Xu Wei , Tang Liumin , Han Bingning 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe boom in live streaming has intensified competition among streamers for viewers' gifts, which makes it meaningful to study the factors that affect the viewers’ gifting behavior. Given the emotional attachment between streamers and viewers, the authors set out to elucidate a new driver on viewer gifting: expressions of the streamer. This research aims to explore the impact of streamer emotions on the viewer gifting behaviors, including free and paid gifting. The loyalty level of the viewers is also introduced as a moderating factor to investigate the heterogeneous effect of streamer emotions on gifting behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe dataset the authors collected consists of two parts, including 1809.69 h of live streaming videos and 358,002 gift giving records. Combined with deep learning methods and regression analysis, the authors performed empirical tests on the 81,110 valid samples. Several robustness checks were also conducted to ensure the reliability of main results.FindingsThe empirical results show that streamer emotions do have effects on viewers' free and paid gifting behavior. The authors’ findings show that positive streamer expressions, such as happiness and surprise, have a positive influence on viewer gifting behavior. However, some negative expressions, like sadness, can also have a positive impact. Moreover, the authors discovered that higher viewer loyalty amplifies the positive effect of streamer emotions and reduces the negative effect.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the study about streamer emotions and viewers' consumption behavior, which extends the application of emotion as social information model (EASI model) in the live streaming setting. The authors carefully divide the gifting behavior into two types: free and paid, and study how these two types are affected by streamer emotions. Besides, these effects are analyzed within viewers of different loyalty levels. This study offers practical emotion management strategies for streamers and live streaming platforms to gain more economic profits.
Behavioral and Islamic economics critique mainstream views on unemployment: a joint perspective
Authors: Yilmaz Ekrem 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to discuss the behavioral economics and Islamic economic joint criticisms against the conceptual and economic political view of the mainstream.

Design/methodology/approach
The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of mainstream economic policies in addressing unemployment. Furthermore, it critically assesses the mainstream perspective on unemployment within the contexts of Islamic economics and behavioral economics, separately. The commonalities and disparities between the approaches of Islamic economics and behavioral economics regarding unemployment are evaluated. Subsequently, the conventional viewpoint on unemployment is scrutinized from the combined standpoint of Islamic economics and behavioral economics. This article employs a theoretical approach to address these concerns.

Findings
Although there are some differences, the recommendations and values of Islamic Economics and behavioral economics in the context of unemployment are almost the same. And, more importantly, both approaches are similar in their emphasis on the ineffectiveness and distance from human values of mainstream economic policies.

Originality/value
This article is the first to examine unemployment from the joint perspectives of Islamic economics and behavioral economics. It is also the first article to criticize the mainstream view of unemployment from the common framework of these two approaches.