bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Four Essential Features of the Alive & Thrive Initiative to Improve Maternal, Infant, Young Child, and Adolescent Nutrition
Authors: Frongillo Edward A. , Escobar‐DeMarco Jessica , Bose Sujata 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlive & Thrive has been a major global nutrition initiative that aimed to learn how to improve maternal, infant, young child, and adolescent nutrition and health on a large scale. During 2009–2014, Alive & Thrive developed and implemented interventions to improve infant and young child feeding at scale in three countries. Subsequently, Alive & Thrive expanded its work to more than 15 geographies, including six country‐specific and two regional programs, to additionally address maternal and adolescent nutrition while adding agriculture and social protection programs to improve maternal, infant, and young child nutrition. Reflecting on the big picture of what the Alive & Thrive initiative has accomplished in its 16 years and how it did so, four features warranted emphasis because additional learning was needed. These four features were: commitment to exemplary large‐scale social and behaviour change communication, explicit focus on policy and advocacy to achieve and sustain change, promotion of country‐led initiatives through technical assistance, and attention to quality assurance and improvement in programming. For each feature, an assessment across the Alive & Thrive portfolio was commissioned, each led by an external consultant or team. The assessments highlighted designing and implementing exemplary social and behaviour change programming and policy advocacy in each country, undertaking a large‐scale effort through careful, in‐depth, and evidence‐based planning that is bolstered by strong engagement with relevant stakeholders at multiple levels. The assessments also highlighted technical assistance that is responsive to country contexts to support country‐led initiatives and attention to assuring and improving the quality of programming to achieve effectiveness.
Exploring the Complex Interplay Between Ineffective Esophageal Motility and Reflux Burden
Authors: Marchetti Lorenzo , Ribolsi Mentore 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe role of esophageal motility in determining GERD severity has been widely explored. Kamboj et al. show that IEM diagnosis is associated with increased GERD severity. We aim to further highlight the impact of IEM in reflux burden, as demonstrated by several recent studies in patients with both typical and atypical symptoms.
Exploring the Relevance of Indigenous Knowledges to Dementia Care in Nursing
Authors: Meng Christine , Brown Helen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we engage in philosophical inquiry to consider the relevance of Indigenous Knowledges (IKs) for reimagining dementia care for individuals living with dementia. We outline the limitations of philosophical perspectives aligned with Eurocentric academic knowledge, arguing that such knowledge relies on an individualistic view of self and neglects the body and embodied experience in dementia care. We demonstrate how a personal diachronicity perspective diminishes the importance of valuing the fluid and dynamic self‐identities of persons living with dementia. We then turn to the epistemological foundations of IKs through philosophical inquiry, focusing on relationality, connectiveness, and holism, and discuss the role of IKs in institutional knowledge systems. We then explore the potential relevance of IKs to widen the epistemological and ontological gaze centering on the relational concepts of personhood, holism, continuity, embodiment, and homogeneity of self that are foundational to reimaging dominant approaches to dementia care.
An Elusive Diagnosis of Solitary Maxillary Plasmacytoma: Case Report and Updated Literature Review
Authors: Cavalcante Renan Carlos Lopes , Al‐Moraissi Essam , Grillo Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesSolitary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm of plasma cells that typically manifests as a singular site of involvement in bone or soft tissue. The diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma can be challenging, as clinical and radiographic findings may lack specificity, and the condition may imitate other more prevalent disorders. This report details a complex case of solitary maxillary plasmacytoma, underscores the diagnostic and management difficulties and provides a comprehensive literature review to enhance comprehension of this infrequent ailment.Case ReportThis article delineates the case of a 66‐year‐old female who presented with painless swelling in the maxillary region. The diagnosis was confirmed via biopsy of the lesion, which, in conjunction with immunohistochemical assessment, revealed a solitary plasmacytoma of the maxilla. The patient underwent treatment through curettage and has remained free of disease for 6 months.ConclusionSolitary maxillary plasmacytoma is an unusual condition that can pose challenges in terms of diagnosis and management. The present case report, along with the literature review, offers valuable insights into the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition, which could aid clinicians in delivering timely and appropriate management.
Nano‐Selenium Elevating Leaf Quality and Growth Via Microbial‐Regulating Nitrogen Availability Under Ammonium and Nitrate Spraying in Tea Plants
Authors: Liu Miao , Ye Liyun , Zhao Wenting , Li Zhengzhen , Korpelainen Helena , Li Chunyang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNano‐selenium fertilizers can promote plant growth and nitrogen availability. However, little information is available on the effects of nano‐selenium on tea leaf quality, soil nutrient availability and associated microbe‐driven mechanisms. This study examined the effects of nano‐selenium on the tea leaf quality and soil nitrogen cycling in 20‐year‐old tea plantations when the leaves were sprayed with ammonium or nitrate. Leaf selenium and amino acid contents increased ninefold and 9%, respectively, with nano‐selenium in “Zhongcha108” and “Longjing43.” Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community compositions were more sensitive to selenium and nitrogen applications in “Longjing43” than in “Zhongcha108.” “Zhongcha108” enriched more taxa related to microbial growth, while more taxa related to cellular maintenance and nutrient acquisition enriched in “Longjing43.” Nano‐selenium application decreased the copy number of AOA and AOB genes, and nosZ and nirK genes by 59%, 53%, 37% and 46% under ammonium, and by 77%, 43%, 38% and 65%, respectively, under nitrate spraying, in “Longjing43.” However, the expression of these genes increased by nano‐selenium in “Zhongcha108” with ammonium spraying. It is concluded that a nano‐selenium application increases tea leaf quality, and this effect on nitrogen cycling and ecological functioning largely depends on the tea cultivar‐specific bacterial and fungal composition and function.
Copper‐Induced Transgenerational Plasticity in Plant Defence Boosts Aphid Fitness
Authors: Chávez Alexandra , Schreyer Anne , Prüsener Pauline , Schäfer Martin , Xu Shuqing , Huber Meret 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTransgenerational plasticity in plants is an increasingly recognized phenomenon, yet it is mostly unclear whether transgenerational plasticity is relevant to both the fitness of the plant and its interacting species. Using monoclonal strains of the giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) and its native herbivore, the waterlily aphid (Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae), we assessed whether pre‐treating plants with copper excess, both indoors and outdoors, induces transgenerational plasticity in plant defences that alter plant and herbivore fitness. Outdoors, copper pre‐treatment tended to increase plant growth rates under recurring copper excess. Indoors, copper pre‐treatment either increased or decreased plant growth rates under recurring conditions, depending on the plant genotype. Copper pre‐treatment induced anthocyanins that protected plants against copper toxicity, and these elevated levels were transgenerationally retained. Copper pre‐treatment also transgenerationally increased the levels of 12‐oxo‐phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a jasmonate precursor. Nevertheless, aphids grew up to 50% better when the plants were pre‐treated with copper. The increased aphid growth was likely caused by transgenerationally elevated OPDA levels, as aphids grew better when jasmonates were externally applied to plants. Taken together, this study shows that transgenerational plasticity is relevant to both plant and herbivore fitness, which highlights the role of transgenerational plasticity in plant evolution and species interactions.
Allometric Relationships of Branch Water‐Storage Capacity and Capacitance in Four European Trees Species
Authors: Hernando Sonia , Binks Oliver J. , Martínez‐Vilalta Jordi , Martin‐StPaul Nicolas K. , Delzon Sylvain , Mencuccini Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWater storage capacity and capacitance in trees regulate hydration levels, providing water reserves during drought. However, the effects of varying traits, tissue fractions and of different water pools on the allometry of branch‐/sample‐level properties have not been systematically investigated. We analyse the relationships between branch size and branch capacity and capacitance with respect to wood density, xylem vulnerability to embolism, and tissue fractions. The analysis was performed using data from four tree species sampled from 12 to 15 sites across Europe. We show that of the three phases of the water release curve, the second phase (dominated by elasticity) was significantly influenced by leaf and bark proportions, the sapwood/heartwood ratio and xylem vulnerability to embolism for capacity and/or capacitance. However, the first (dominated by capillarity) and the third phase (characterised by embolism) were not influenced by the morpho‐physiological properties measured. Our results indicate that branch capacity and capacitance are allometrically related (slope < 1) to branch dry mass, leaf area and total water content, indicating that normalising by these size measures does not completely remove size‐dependency. We conclude that the only means of obtaining size‐independent water storage traits directly applicable in comparative and modelling studies is by normalising by water quantity per phase.
The impact of cytokines and tumour‐conditioned medium on the properties of murine in vitro generated myeloid‐derived suppressor cells
Authors: Awad Mona , Sen'kova Aleksandra , Zenkova Marina , Markov Oleg 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMyeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells playing a critical role in immune suppression. In vitro‐generated MDSCs are a convenient tool to study the properties of tumour‐associated MDSCs. Here, we compared six protocols for in vitro generation of functional mouse MDSCs from bone marrow progenitors. The protocols included granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) alone or in combination with interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) or granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF), with or without a tumour‐conditioned medium (TCM) derived from B16‐F10 melanoma. Obtained MDSCs were characterized by morphology, phenotype, gene expression of key immunosuppressive factors, and in vitro suppression of T cell proliferation. All tested protocols yielded approximately 25% monocytic and 50% polymorphonuclear MDSCs. Protocols using IL‐6 generated MDSCs with reduced maturation and differentiation status, upregulated Arg1 and Nos1 mRNA expression, increased levels of Arg‐1 and TGF‐β proteins and enhanced ROS production compared to the other protocols. All tested protocols yielded MDSCs that efficiently inhibited T cell proliferation in vitro, with some advantage for the GM‐CSF and G‐CSF + GM‐CSF protocols. Interestingly, a combination of protocols with B16‐F10‐derived TCM resulted in the generation of MDSCs with reduced immunosuppressive properties. Our results provide valuable insights into the optimal conditions for in vitro generation of MDSCs with specific immunosuppressive properties.
Chromosome‐level assembly of basil genome unveils the genetic variation driving Genovese and Thai aroma types
Authors: Zhang Jing , Abu‐Abied Mohamad , Milavski Renana , Adler Chen , Shachter Alona , Kahane‐Achinoam Tali , Melnik‐Ben‐Gera Hadas , Davidovich‐Rikanati Rachel , Powell Adrian F. , Chaimovitsh David , Carmi Gon , Dudai Nativ , Strickler Susan R. , Gonda Itay 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARYBasil, Ocimum basilicum L., is a widely cultivated aromatic herb, prized for its culinary and medicinal uses, predominantly owing to its unique aroma, primarily determined by eugenol for Genovese cultivars or methyl chavicol for Thai cultivars. To date, a comprehensive basil reference genome has been lacking, with only a fragmented draft available. To fill this gap, we employed PacBio HiFi and Hi‐C sequencing to construct a homeolog‐phased chromosome‐level genome for basil. The tetraploid basil genome was assembled into 26 pseudomolecules and further categorized into subgenomes. High levels of synteny were observed between the two basil subgenomes but comparisons to Salvia rosmarinus show collinearity quickly breaks down in near relatives. We utilized a bi‐parental population derived from a Genovese × Thai cross to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the aroma chemotype. We discovered a single QTL governing the eugenol/methyl chavicol ratio, which encompassed a genomic region with 95 genes, including 15 genes encoding a shikimate O‐hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT/CST) enzyme. Of them, only ObHCT1 exhibited significantly higher expression in the Genovese cultivar and showed a trichome‐specific expression. ObHCT1 was functionally confirmed as a genuine HCT enzyme using an in vitro assay. The high‐quality, contiguous basil reference genome is now publicly accessible at BasilBase, a valuable resource for the scientific community. Combined with insights into cell‐type‐specific gene expression, it promises to elucidate specialized metabolite biosynthesis pathways at the cellular level.
A Machine Learning Approach for Rapid Solution of Three-Dimensional Moving Source Problems in Manufacturing
Authors: Heydari Mahtab , Tai Bruce L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Moving heat source problems are commonly seen in many manufacturing applications, while numerical modeling often takes time to analyze. This article presents a convolution neural network (CNN)-based framework for rapid prediction of temperature distribution and two methods to improve the overall efficiency and accuracy when the framework is scaled to large 3D geometries. The first method, referred to as geometric subsection training, reduces the amount of spatial data needed by over 90% for the specific 3D geometry used in this framework. The second method, referred to as the boundary-focused training method, allows for further scalability of the framework to large and/or complicated geometries using a clustering approach to classify the spatial data. Then, a tandem learning approach is adopted to train a series of CNNs for each respective cluster. These methods are implemented on a complex 3D geometry and a random sequential moving heat source as proof of concept. Results show a high level of agreement with the ground truth generated by finite element analysis. The scalability and limitations of this approach are also discussed in this article.
Herbicide glyphosate efficiently inhibits growth of pathogenic
Prototheca
algae species, suggesting the presence of novel pathways for the development of anti-algal drugs
Authors: Makarova Olga , Steinke Diana , Roesler Uwe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Prototheca
are ubiquitous algae and occasional pathogens of humans and animals. While rare, the infection is often fatal and treatment options are limited to antifungals with low efficiency. Here, using growth curve assays, we demonstrate that five pathogenic species of
Prototheca
(
P. blaschkeae, P. wickerhamii, P. cutis, P. ciferrii, P. bovis
) were fully inhibited by 50–100 μg/mL of herbicide glyphosate, suggesting novel pathways that can be considered for anti-algal drug development.

IMPORTANCE

Prototheca
are algae frequently found in the environment that occasionally cause infections in humans and animals. Although these infections are rare, they are often deadly for immunocompromised patients. Considering the rising ambient temperatures that promote algal bloom and a growing number of immunocompromised patients globally, such cases are likely to increase and will require efficient medications. Currently, the treatment is limited to antifungals that affect algal and animal membranes alike at concentrations close to toxic. Here, we hypothesized that targeting a pathway that is present in plants but not animals may be a new approach to the development of novel anti-algal compounds with high efficiency and lower toxicity. In this proof-of-principle study, we found that herbicide glyphosate, which targets the shikimate pathway found in plants but not in animals, efficiently inhibits all five tested pathogenic
Prototheca
, suggesting that the shikimate pathway may be a promising target for anti-algal drug development.
The Formation of K-Cymrite in Subduction Zones and Its Potential for Transport of Potassium, Water, and Nitrogen into the Mantle
Authors: Sokol A. G. , Korsakov A. V. , Kruk A. N. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The conditions of the formation of K-cymrite in volatile-rich pelite and partially devolatilized mica quartz–muscovite–chlorite schist were experimentally investigated at pressures of 5.5, 6.3, and 7.8 GPa and temperatures ranging from 900 to 1090°C corresponding to hot subduction geotherm. Experimental samples at these P–T conditions formed assemblage of solid phases (Grt + Coe + Phe + Cpx + Ky, with accessory Po + Ru + Zrn ± Mnz) and water-enriched supercritical fluid–melt. Analysis of the obtained data indicates that the stability of phengite and its potential replacement by K-cymrite depends on the P–T conditions and the amount of volatiles in the metasediment. In samples of volatile-rich pelite and mica schist at 5.5 GPa and 900°C, as well as at 6.3 GPa and 1000°C, phengite remains stable in equilibrium with 3–13 wt % of the fluid–melt. With increasing pressure up to 7.8 GPa and temperature up to 1090°C, the fraction of supercritical fluid–melt in pelite reaches 20 wt %, while phengite disappears. Only 5 wt % supercritical fluid–melt are formed in the schist at 7.8 GPa and 1070°C, while most part of phengite is preserved. For the first time, phase assemblage with phengite and K-cymrite (±kokchetavite) was obtained in the pelite and schist samples at 7.8 GPa and 1070°C. The assemblage was identified using Raman mapping. At stepwise devolatilization (with removal of fluid–melt portion forming in equilibrium with volatile-bearing minerals that are stable at P–T conditions of experiments), phengite has been preserved up to 7.8 GPa and 1090°C, but K-cymrite is not formed in the absence of fluid–melt. It was concluded that the most effective transport of volatiles (first of all, water) in the metasediment to depths over 240 km may occur during its partial and early (before the formation of supercritical fluid–melt) devolatilization. In this case, almost all phengite may reach depths of 240 km during metasediment subduction and then transform into water-bearing K-cymrite, or, in the presence of nitrogen in the metasediment, into nitrogen-bearing K-cymrite, thus facilitating the further transport of LILE (large-ion lithophile elements), water, and nitrogen. However, the formation of a significant portion of supercritical fluid–melt leads to the complete dissolution of phengite with increasing P–T conditions, making further transport of LILE, water, and nitrogen impossible. During deep multi-stage devolatilization, phengite remains stable up to depths of 240 km; however, during further subduction, it likely transforms into an anhydrous K-hollandite (KAlSi3O8).
Substituted Ureas and Their Analogs Containing Framework Fragments: I. 1-(4-Hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)-3-(fluoro/chlorophenyl)ureas
Authors: Danilov D. V. , D’yachenko V. S. , Zapravdina D. M. , Ilyina E. S. , Degtyarenko E. K. , Burmistrov V. V. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A series of 1,3-disubstituted ureas containing a 4-(hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)-fragment were synthesized in yields of 55–87% by the reaction of 1-(4-oxoadamantan-1-yl)-3-(halophenyl)ureas with sodium borohydride . The synthesized ureas are potential metabolites and promising soluble human epoxide hydrolase inhibitors.
Retinal graft dislocation managed by repeat autologous retinal transplant for refractory macular hole
Authors: Hansraj Saarang , Narayanan Raja 
Published: January 2025

A septuagenarian man presented with a visual acuity of hand motions and a large refractory macular hole (MH). We performed an autologous retinal transplant (ART) and covered the graft with fibrin glue without any endotamponade. The autograft was found to have dislocated from the MH when the patient was reviewed 1 week later. He was admitted for repeat ART surgery, where 1000 centistoke silicone oil was injected instead of fibrin glue and advised the patient to maintain a face-down position for 1 week. 1 month after the second surgery, the patient had a visual acuity of 20/200, N18. The graft was integrated at the MH site, with both donor sites well lasered and the retina attached.Our case suggests that a short-acting bioadhesive such as fibrin glue may not provide sufficient duration of support until adequate retino-retinal adhesion forms between the host and retinal graft.
Efficacy and safety of an algorithm using C-reactive protein to guide antibiotic therapy applied through a digital clinical decision support system: a study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Rezende Vitoria Moura Leite Rabelo , Borges Isabela Nascimento , Ravetti Cecilia Gomez , De Souza Renan Pedra , Vassalo Paula Frizera , Caldas Ana Clara de Paula , Gatto Felipe Rodrigues , Okamura Getulio Hideyoshi , Lacerda Raquel Lopes de Brito , Povoa Pedro R , Nobre Vandack 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe escalating resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials poses a significant public health threat. Strategies that use biomarkers to guide antimicrobial therapy—most notably Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP)—show promise in safely reducing patient antibiotic exposure. While CRP is less studied, it offers advantages such as lower cost and broader availability compared with PCT.Methods and analysisThis randomised clinical trial aims to evaluate a novel algorithm for non-critically ill adult patients. The algorithm incorporates key clinical variables and CRP behaviour. It will be applied through a mobile application as a digital clinical decision support system. The primary goal will be to assess the algorithm’s effectiveness in reducing treatment duration compared with standard care based on current guidelines, while ensuring patient safety by monitoring the occurrence of adverse events.Ethics and disseminationOnly patients who agree to participate in the study after reading the informed consent form will be included. This project was submitted for consideration to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (COEP-UFMG) and received approval (Approval Number: 5.905.290). Collection of clinical and laboratory data from 200 patients is expected, extracted from electronic medical records and laboratory systems, along with serum samples stored for potential future analyses. Data will be preserved using the Research Electronic Data Capture platform, and serum samples will be stored in a regulated biorepository at UFMG. Access will be controlled via credentials, with privacy protections and anonymisation prior to sharing, which will occur during scientific publications.Trial registration numberThis trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05841875) and was last updated on 5 December 2024 at 12:49.