bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tricaprylin‐based drug crystalline suspension for intramuscular long‐acting delivery of entecavir with alleviated local inflammation
Authors: Jeong Min Young , Ho Myoung Jin , Park Joon Soo , Jeong Hoetaek , Kim Jin Hee , Jang Yong Jin , Shin Doe Myung , Yang In Gyu , Kim Hye Rim , Song Woo Heon , Lee Sangkil , Song Seh Hyon , Choi Yong Seok , Han Young Taek , Kang Myung Joo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to ensure prolonged pharmacokinetic profile along with local tolerability at the injection site, tricaprylin‐based drug crystalline suspension (TS) was designed and its local distribution, pharmacokinetics, and inflammatory response, were evaluated with conventional aqueous suspension (AS). As model drug particles, entecavir 3‐palmitate (EV‐P), an ester lipidic prodrug for entecavir (EV), was employed. The EV‐P‐loaded TS was prepared by ultra‐sonication method. Prepared TS and conventional AS exhibited comparable morphology (rod or rectangular), median diameter (2.7 and 2.6 μm), crystallinity (melting point of 160–165°C), and in vitro dissolution profile. However, in vivo performances of drug microparticles were markedly different, depending on delivery vehicle. At AS‐injected site, drug aggregates of up to 500 μm were formed upon intramuscular injection, and were surrounded with inflammatory cells and fibroblastic bands. In contrast, no distinct particle aggregation and adjacent granulation was observed at TS‐injected site, with >4 weeks remaining of the oily vehicle in micro‐computed tomographic observation. Surprisingly, TS exhibited markedly alleviated local inflammation compared to AS, endowing markedly lessened necrosis, fibrosis thickness, inflammatory area, and macrophage infiltration. The higher initial systemic exposure was observed with TS compared to AS, but TS provided prolonged delivery of EV for 3 weeks. Therefore, we suggest that the novel TS system can be a promising tool in designing parenteral long‐acting delivery, with improved local tolerability.
Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma mimics hepatic abscess on contrast‐enhanced ultrasound
Authors: Luo Haibo , Leng Xiaoling , Chen Guiwu , Liu Wenqin , Xie Yanhua 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageSarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by abdominal pain or persistent fever with an inflammatory reaction. Here, we report a case of SHCC mimicking hepatic abscess described by not only ultrasonography but also computer tomography. SHCC is a rare subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by epithelial and mesenchymal tumor features with sarcomatoid morphology. Here, we report a case of SHCC described by ultrasonography and computer tomography as well as confirmed by pathological examination.
Decarbonizing Steam‐Methane Reforming: Enhancing Activity through Joule Heating of a Ni/ZrO2‐Coated FeCrAl Coil
Authors: Ledesma Elmer B. , Idamakanti Meghana , Bollini Praveen , Harold Michael P. , Ratnakar Ram R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study investigates Joule (resistive) heating as a potential method to electrify the heating process in steam‐methane reforming. The significance and relevance of this research are driven by three factors: (1) increasing global demand for hydrogen as feedstock for chemical manufacturing and refining; (2) expanding hydrogen as a carbon‐free energy carrier; and (3) decarbonizing the production sector of the hydrogen value chain. FeCrAl metal wire coils coated uniformly with Ni/ZrO2 catalyst were used in the Joule heating experiments. The resistive power was supplied in the range 50–90 W by varying voltage across the wire. Results show a notable, sharp increase in methane conversion at a power exceeding 60 W (750 °C estimated wire temperature). The results are compared with those for a conventionally‐heated coated wire as well as Joule‐heated uncoated ZrO2‐only wires to elucidate the roles of Ni and ZrO2 and differences in the heating methods. For a range of power the methane conversion obtained with the Joule‐heated Ni/ZrO2‐coated wire is higher than the conventionally‐heated Ni/ZrO2‐coated wire. The results demonstrate that Joule heating of a catalyst‐coated wire is effective for steam‐methane reforming under the experimental conditions examined in our study. Underlying causes for the interesting conversion features are discussed.
Ensemble Effects on Methanol Oxidation to Formaldehyde on Ferric Molybdate Catalysts
Authors: Bowker Michael , House Matthew , Brookes Catherine , Hellier Pip , Wells Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe properties of Mo‐doped iron oxide are compared with those of the single oxides of Fe and Mo, and with stoichiometric ferric molybdate for the selective oxidation of methanol. It is found that Mo oxide segregates to the surface of the iron oxide at low loadings, while at higher loadings, but below the stoichiometric ratio, presents layers of ferric molybdate at the surface. The relationship between bulk loading and surface Mo is explored, and it is concluded that the reactivity is dominated by ensemble effects. Simple modelling indicates that four or more Fe cation ensembles are required to combust methanol to CO2, ensembles of two Mo cations are required for selective oxidation to formaldehyde, whereas it seems that isolated single sites of either Fe or Mo produce CO.
The Role of Reactive Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents in Sustainable Biocatalysis
Authors: Buzatu Alina Ramona , Todea Anamaria , Peter Francisc , Boeriu Carmen Gabriela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) advanced in the past decade as the new generation of green and sustainable extraction and reaction media in biorefineries and in a multitude of chemical and biotechnological processes. Particularly, enzyme catalyzed reactions benefit from the specific properties of DESs, which not only ensure good substrate solubility but also enhance enzyme stability and operational efficiency. Recent studies showed that natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) comprising choline chloride or betaine as hydrogen bond acceptor and a large spectrum of natural compounds, such as carbohydrates, polyols carboxylic acids, as hydrogen bond donors, can have multiple functions, acting simultaneously as extraction solvent, reaction medium, source of substrate and source as catalyst. This novel approach for the utilization of multifunctional reactive natural deep eutectic solvents (R‐NADESs) in catalytic conversions opens the way to the development of greener biocatalytic and chemo‐catalytic processes, with simpler downstream processing and minimal discarded wastes, which will speed up their durable implementation in industry. This paper reviews the innovative applications of R‐NADESs in biocatalytic reactions for the synthesis of a large diversity of high value chemicals and materials, including biosurfactants, flavors, biobased building blocks and biobased polymers, with highlight on esterification, transesterification, glycerolysis, polymerization, and redox reactions.
The Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Acyclic Enolates for the Construction of Quaternary and Tetrasubstituted Stereogenic Centres
Authors: Griffiths Connor M. , Franckevičius Vilius 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo facilitate the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals, the demand for novel stereofunctionalised building blocks has never been greater. Whilst molecules bearing quaternary and tetrasubstituted stereogenic centres are ideally suited to explore untapped areas of chemical space, the asymmetric construction ofsterically congested carbon centres remains a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. The enantioselective assembly of acyclic stereogenic centres is even more demanding due to the need to restrict a much wider range of geometries and conformations of the intermediates involved. In this context, the catalytic asymmetric allylicalkylation (AAA) of acyclic prochiral nucleophiles, namely enolates, has become an indispensable tool to access a range of linearα‐quaternary andα‐tetrasubstituted carbonyl compounds. However, unlike the AAA of cyclic enolates with a fixed enolate geometry, to achieve high levels of stereocontrol in the AAA of acyclic enolates, the stereoselectivity of enolisation must be considered. The aim of this review is to offer acomprehensivediscussion of catalytic AAA reactions of acyclic prochiral enolates and their analogues to generate congested quaternary and tetrasubstituted chiral centres using metal, non‐metal and dual catalysis, with particular focus given to the control of enolate geometry and its impact on the stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
A novel contact force sensing pulsed field ablation catheter in a porcine model
Authors: Hua Juan , Xiong Qinmei , Kong Qiling , Xiong Liang , Huang Qianghui , Hu Jinzhu , Li Juxiang , Hu Jianxin , Si Peng , Zhou Tuo , Chen Qi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a novel non‐thermal modality with highly myocardium‐specific. However, the PFA catheter based on contact force (CF)‐sensing has not been reported. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel CF‐sensing PFA catheter.MethodsFirst, different CF (5, 15, 25, and 35 g) of the novel PFA catheter were evaluated on lesion dimensions during ablation on right and left ventricle in two pigs. Next, this catheter was further evaluated on four typical sites of superior vena cava (SVC), cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI), right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV), and right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) for atrial ablation in another six pigs. Electrical isolation was evaluated immediately after ablation and 30‐day survival. Chronic lesions were assessed via histopathology after euthanasia. Acute and chronic safety outcomes were observed peri‐ and post‐procedurally.ResultsIn ventricular ablation, increased CF from 5 to 15 g produced significantly greater lesion depth but nonsignificant increases from 15 to 35 g. In atrial ablation, the novel CF‐sensing PFA deliveries produced an acute attenuation of local electrograms and formation of a continuous line of block in all 6 pigs. The ablation line remained sustained blockage at the 30‐day survival period. The CF of SVC, CTI, RSPV, and RIPV was 9.4 ± 1.5, 14.5 ± 3.2, 17.2 ± 2.6, and 13.4 ± 2.8 g, respectively. Moreover, no evidence of damage to esophagus or phrenic nerve was observed.ConclusionThe novel CF‐sensing PFA catheter potentiated efficient, safe, and durable ablation, without causing damage to the esophagus or phrenic nerve.
Predictors of pacemaker requirement in patients with implantable loop recorder and unexplained syncope: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zangiabadian Moein , Soltani Kiarash , Gholinejad Yasaman , Yahya Reyhane , Bastami Shayan , Akbarzadeh Mohammad Ali , Sharifian Ardestani Mohammad , Aletaha Azadeh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIdentifying the underlying cause of unexplained syncope is crucial for appropriate management of recurrent syncopal episodes. Implantable loop recorders (ILRs) have emerged as valuable diagnostic tools for monitoring patients with unexplained syncope. However, the predictors of pacemaker requirement in patients with ILR and unexplained syncope remain unclear. In this study, we shed light on these prognostic factors. PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL were systematically searched until May 04, 2023. Studies that evaluated the predictors of pacemaker requirement in patients with implantable loop recorder and unexplained syncope were included. The “Quality In Prognosis Studies” appraisal tool was used for quality assessment. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated. The publication bias was evaluated using Egger's and Begg's tests. Ten studies (n = 4200) were included. Right bundle branch block (OR: 3.264; 95% CI: 1.907–5.588, p < .0001) and bifascicular block (OR: 2.969; 95% CI: 1.859–4.742, p < .0001) were the strongest predictors for pacemaker implantation. Pacemaker requirement was more than two times in patients with atrial fibrillation, sinus bradycardia and first degree AV block. Valvular heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were also significantly more in patients with pacemaker implantation. Age (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.560; 95% CI: 0.410/0.710, p < .0001) and PR interval (SMD: 0.351; 95% CI: 0.150/0.553, p = .001) were significantly higher in patients with pacemaker requirement. Heart conduction disorders, atrial arrhythmias and underlying medical conditions are main predictors of pacemaker device implantation following loop recorder installation in unexplained syncopal patients.
Impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Jiahui , Liu Meijun , Huang Jiamin , Chen Liuying , Xu Yizhou 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAnemia and acute heart failure (AHF) frequently coexist. Several published studies have investigated the association of anemia with all‐cause mortality and all‐cause heart failure events in AHF patients, but their findings remain controversial. This study is intended to evaluate the relationship between anemia and AHF. We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Elsevier's ScienceDirect databases until July 30, 2023, and selected prospective or retrospective cohort studies to evaluate anemia for AHF. A total of nine trials involving 29 587 AHF patients were eventually included. Pooled analyses demonstrated anemia is associated with a higher risk of all‐cause heart failure event rate (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.58−2.10, p < .01) and all‐cause mortality, both for short‐term (30 days) all‐cause mortality (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.31−2.79, p < .01) and long‐term (1 year) all‐cause mortality (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.27−2.32, p < .01). The evidence from this meta‐analysis suggested that anemia may be an independent risk factor for all‐cause mortality and all‐cause heart failure events in patients with AHF and might emphasize the importance of anemia correction before discharge.
Hemodynamic study on the therapeutic effects of varying diameter embolic coils in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Ren Xiaoyu , Li Haoran , Xu Kaihang , Li Zhongkai , Gao Bin , Lu Wangsheng , Yang Guangming , Wang Yunjie , Yin Yin , Chen Tao 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEndovascular coiling is the predominant method for treating cerebral aneurysms. Extensive reports on selecting coil length, hardness, and material are available. However, the impact of coil diameter on postoperative outcomes remains unclear. This study enrolled six personalized geometric models of intracranial aneurysms: three bifurcation aneurysms and three sidewall aneurysms. Four coil models were constructed by changing the coil diameter. Coil embolization was simulated using the finite element method. Computational fluid dynamics was used to characterize hemodynamics in the aneurysms after embolization. Evaluation parameters included velocity reduction, wall shear stress (WSS), low WSS (LWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), relative residence time (RRT), and residual flow volume in the aneurysms. At the peak time (t = 0.17 s), the proportion of LWSS area in bifurcation aneurysms increase with the rise in coil diameter: 0.8D, 71.28 ± 12.62% versus 1D, 74.97 ± 19.17% versus 1.2D, 78.88 ± 18.56% versus 1.4D, 84.00 ± 11.53% (mean ± SD). The proportion of high OSI area decreases as the coil diameter increases: 0.8D, 4.41% ± 2.82% versus 1.0D, 3.78 ± 3.33% versus 1.2D, 2.28% ± 1.77% versus 1.4D, 1.58% ± 1.11% (mean ± SD). The proportion of high RRT area increases as the coil diameter rises: 0.8D, 3.40% ± 1.68% versus 1.0D, 7.67 ± 4.12% versus 1.2D, 9.84% ± 9.50% versus 1.4D, 22.29% ± 14.28% (mean ± SD). Side wall aneurysms do not exhibit the aforementioned trend. Bifurcation aneurysms plugged with a coil of 1.4 times the diameter have the largest RFVs (<10 mm/s) within the group. Aforementioned patterns are not found in sidewall aneurysms. In the treatment of aneurysms with coiling, varying coil diameters can result in different hemodynamic environments within the aneurysm. Larger coil diameters have improved hemodynamic performance for bifurcation aneurysms. However, coil diameter and embolization effectiveness have no significant relationship for sidewall aneurysms.
Pediatric intracranial hypertension: A review of presenting symptoms, quality of life, and secondary causes
Authors: Varma Hersh , Aylward Shawn C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOur understanding of primary (idiopathic) intracranial hypertension has evolved in recent years. There have been efforts to rename the disorder as pseudotumor cerebri syndrome or primary intracranial hypertension. Some studies have suggested a higher threshold opening pressure to define intracranial hypertension. The reported annual incidence varies from 0.6 to 0.9 per 100 000 children around the world. Patients are typically divided into prepubertal and pubertal groups, with pubertal patients having the same risk factors as adults. Prepubertal patients do not share these risk factors. They are more likely to be asymptomatic, have equal gender distributions, and are less likely to be obese. Headache is the most common presenting complaint, followed by vision changes and nausea/vomiting. A newer concept of fulminant intracranial hypertension has emerged, defined as acute onset with rapid progression of visual deficits or papilledema. Quick insertion of a temporary lumbar drain as a bridge while medical management reaches effectiveness improves visual outcomes and helps avoid permanent shunt placement. Headache is typically the first symptom to resolve with treatment, and papilledema resolves in five to six months. Recurrence rates in children and adolescents range from 28.5% to 36.4%, with higher rates after puberty.
Three‐Dimensional Cell Culture of Epididymal Basal Cells and Organoids: A Novel Tool for Toxicology
Authors: Dufresne Julie , Gregory Mary , Pinel Laurie , Cyr Daniel G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSpermatozoa are formed in the testis but must transit through the epididymis to acquire motility and the ability to fertilize. The epididymis is a single convoluted tubule comprising several anatomically and physiologically distinct regions. The pseudostratified epithelium consists of multiple cell types, including principal cells, clear cells, narrow cells, and apical cells, that line the lumen of the epididymis. Basal cells are present at the base of the epithelium, and halo cells, which includes macrophages/monocytes, mononuclear phagocytes, and T lymphocytes, are also present in the epithelium. Several aspects of this complex spermatozoan maturation process are well established, but a great deal remains poorly understood. Given that dysfunction of the epididymis has been associated with male infertility, in vitro tools to study epididymal function and epididymal sperm maturation are required. Our lab and others have previously developed human, rat, and mouse epithelial principal cell lines, which have been used to address certain questions, such as about the regulation of junctional proteins in the epididymis, as well as the toxicity of nonylphenols. Given that the epididymal epithelium comprises multiple cell types, however, a 3D in vitro model provides a more comprehensive and realistic tool that can be used to study and elucidate the multiple aspects of epididymal function. The purpose of this article is to provide detailed information regarding the preparation, maintenance, passaging, and immunofluorescent staining of rat epididymal organoids derived from adult basal cells, which we have demonstrated to be a type of adult stem cell in the rat epididymis. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of epididymal cellsBasic Protocol 2: Magnetic activated cell sorting and isolation of basal cellsBasic Protocol 3: Preparation and culture of epididymal basal cell organoidsBasic Protocol 4: Passage of epididymal basal cell organoidsBasic Protocol 5: Freezing and thawing of epididymal basal cell organoidsBasic Protocol 6: Immunofluorescent staining of epididymal basal cell organoids
Rethinking the company's role: Creating shared value from corporate social innovation
Authors: Bitencourt Claudia , Zanandrea Gabriela , Froehlich Cristiane , Agostini Manuela Rösing , Haag Roselei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article aims to analyze how corporate social innovation contributes to the creation of shared value. The research presents a unique case study of a company in southern Brazil that is recognized for its strategic repositioning, based on a redefinition of its purpose and the inclusion of social and environmental values in its business model. We questioned how a for‐profit organization could create shared value based not only on economic considerations but also on social values? To this end, and based on Den Ouden's (2012) framework, we use multiple‐level analysis, considering the value created for users, organizations, society, and the ecosystem. To collect the data, we use in‐depth semi‐structured interviews and documentary research, followed by qualitative content analysis aided by Nvivo. We highlight the fact that for a company to create value considering diverse stakeholders at multiple levels of analysis, it must develop a capacity for collaboration, especially the ability to communicate and learn collectively. As a practical contribution, the results indicate that in creating shared value from corporate social innovation, it is important for organizational changes to be systemic, and for the development of solutions to focus on needs that emerge from the community. The study signals the importance of the community, especially the user, in developing solutions that focus on social challenges and encourage for‐profit organizations to rethink their role in society.
A clustering‐based user pairing scheme for downlink 3D non‐orthogonal multiple access‐based visible light communication systems
Authors: Dogra Tanuja , Rai Bharti Manoranjan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryNon‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has proven to be a very effective multiple access scheme to be employed in visible light communication (VLC) systems. NOMA scheme is capable of enhancing the spectral efficiency, sum rate performance, and various other performance parameters in VLC systems as compared to traditional orthogonal multiple access schemes. However, it is not practical to apply the concept of NOMA to all the users jointly. Therefore, the concept of user pairing has been introduced in literature to implement NOMA effectively so as to reduce the decoding order of successive interference cancellation (SIC) mechanism and complexity. In this paper, we have proposed a user pairing scheme based on clustering for downlink 3D NOMA‐based VLC systems. In this user pairing scheme, clustering is performed prior user pairing. The number of clusters are selected using K‐means algorithm and Elbow method, and the user allocation in a particular cluster is validated using artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization. In order to achieve high throughput, inter‐cluster user pairing is performed by forming pairs of two or three users with maximum channel gain difference in between them. The simulation results show that, for given values of signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), the proposed user pairing scheme offers higher average user data rates (AUDRs) as compared to the existing user pairing schemes for downlink NOMA‐based VLC systems. The energy efficiency (EE) and the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed user pairing scheme have also been studied.