bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of computerized cognitive training on mood, cognition, and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in late-life depression — a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ma Suk Ling , Tang Katsie Tung , Lau Niki Cheuk Ting , Chiu Clement Lek Hin , Lin Cuichan , Lam Linda Chiu Wa , Lee Allen Ting Chun 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial was to test the feasibility of a computerized cognitive training targeting executive dysfunction in late-life depression and to investigate its impact on mood, cognition, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels.MethodsA total of 28 community-living Chinese individuals aged 55–75 with moderate-to-severe depression and cognitive symptoms (but without mild cognitive impairment or dementia) were recruited from a community centre in Hong Kong. Participants were randomly allocated to either the experimental (receiving computerized cognitive training) or the control group (receiving computer-based health education). Both programs lasted for one hour and were conducted twice a week for 6 weeks at the community centre. We assessed mood using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9), cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and serum BDNF levels at baseline and follow-up. We performed repeated measures analysis of variance to compare the differences in outcome changes between groups and correlation analysis to test if changes in mood and cognition correlated with changes in BDNF level.ResultsOur sample had a mean age of 66.8 (SD = 5.3) years, a mean HAM-D score of 19.4 (SD = 7.5), and a mean PHQ-9 score of 18.0 (SD = 6.3). No adverse effects were reported. Significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in changes in HAM-D (-8.4 vs. -2.9; group difference = -5.5; p = 0.01), PHQ-9 (-6.6 vs. -0.6; -6.0; p &lt; 0.001), MoCA (1.4 vs. -1.3; 2.7; p = 0.001), and serum BDNF levels (in pg/ml; 2088.3 vs. -3277.4; 5365.6; p = 0.02). Additionally, changes in HAM-D, PHQ-9, and MoCA scores correlated significantly with changes in BDNF level.ConclusionWith computerized cognitive training improving mood and cognition and increasing serum BDNF levels in 6 weeks, it may serve as a safe and effective evidence-based alternative or adjuvant treatment for late-life depression.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/indexEN.html, identifier ChiCTR1900027029.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and metabolic related indicators in Mianzhu, Sichuan, China
Authors: Chen Feng , Wang Miao , Jiang Yan 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Periodic surveys are essential for monitoring the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors. We assessed the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors in Mianzhu City in 2020.MethodThe Natural Population Cohort Study surveyed 7,770 individuals aged&gt;20 years in Mianzhu City of Sichuan province in 2020. Our investigation encompassed the measurement of CKD prevalence, the evaluation of various renal function indicators, and comparisons based on age, gender, and hukou status. Additionally, some metabolic indices were also measured to identify the underlying causes of CKD.Results(1) Overall, the prevalence of reduced renal function (eGFR&lt;60 mL/min/1.73m2), albuminuria, and CKD were 1.3, 10.0, and 10.4%, respectively, (2) the overall prevalence of CKD was higher among men than among women (14.5% vs. 8.6%). Similarly, the prevalence of CKD was higher among men than women in most age groups, (3) among urban residents, the prevalence of CKD was higher among middle-aged individuals and lower among young individuals and older adults, and (4) considering eGFR, the albuminuria and CKD for group definition, Blood pressure, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, blood sugar, and BMI were all statistically different among between normal groups and abnormal groups s in the albuminuria and CKD.ConclusionThe incidence of CKD greatly varied between Mianzhu City and other regions in China and other countries. The differences in risk factors of CKD should be explored in the future. The gender difference in the prevalence of CKD in this study was markedly different from that in previous studies. More high-quality studies are needed to further explore this controversy. Based on the different prevalence of CKD and metabolism-related indices in rural and urban areas in this study, we speculated that the high incidence of CKD in Mianzhu City might be related to diet, lifestyle, and availability of healthcare services.
Assessing COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among hospital employees: identifying sociodemographic determinants for improved public health strategies
Authors: Aljasim Layla , Javed Nargis Begum , Cordoba Carlos , Alyaseen Haider , Aljasim Batool , Aljasim Mariam , Cordoba Magdalena , Bugis Bussma A. , Al-Mohaithef Mohammed 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe working environment of healthcare institution during pandemic puts all hospital employees at high-risk of being exposed to contagious infections. An individual’s behavior and response are largely determined by their level of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward a disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate and assess the KAP toward COVID-19 among hospital employees working in various positions and to identify the sociodemographic determinants associated with the level of KAP.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 1 to July 15, 2020 in Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Alhasa, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia in which 221 hospital employees with varied job titles participated. The data for demographics and history of COVID-19 exposure, KAP related to COVID-19 spread and prevention were collected online using a web-based platform (Survey Monkey). Student’s t-test/One-way ANOVA were used to compare total mean and standard deviation of KAP scores with demographic profiles and history of exposure.Results89.1% employees knew that COVID-19 virus is mostly transmitted from human-to-human, and 76.0% employees acknowledged droplet transmission. 64.7% employees preferred to take a sick person with unconfirmed COVID-19 to a health facility. Physicians had higher knowledge scores for COVID-19 infection and non-medical employees had the lowest scores (7.47 ± 1.23 and 6.47 ± 1.44, respectively). Nurses had the highest practice scores and non-medical employees lowest practice score (6.16 ± 0.74 and 5.37 ± 1.14, respectively). Attitude scores were similar among all the employees. All employees reported an increase in hand-washing frequency and physical contact avoidance.ConclusionThe study results revealed socio-demographic factors; level of education, nationality, and field of service are associated with COVID-19 KAP. The study highlights that there is a gap in the level of knowledge about COVID-19, especially among nonmedical employees. Targeted interventional programs need to be planned and implemented to improve COVID-19 awareness among non-medical employees.
Sport officials’ use of observational learning
Authors: Hancock David J. , Rymal Amanda M. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionObservational learning is a key tool for improving skilled performances. Sport officials (e.g., referees, umpires, and judges) might glean particular benefits from using observation, as most officials do not engage in traditional practice. Unfortunately, little is known about how observational learning can be of benefit to sport officials. Thus, the purpose of this study was to take an exploratory approach to learn more about sport officials' use of observation.MethodsParticipants included 206 sport officials (170 male, 35 female, 1 not specified) from 17 sports (mainly ice hockey, soccer, lacrosse, and volleyball). Sport officials completed a 50-question online survey regarding their use of observational learning. Survey questions revolved around the reasons for using observation (e.g., to learn about positioning or rule application), along with when and how participants used observation (e.g., before versus after competitions; watching an unskilled versus skilled model).ResultsParticipants used observation most frequently to learn knowledge and application of rules, personality and game management, and fitness and positioning/mechanics. Results revealed that participants preferred to use observation after their competitions, while watching other sport officials in-person, and while observing a skilled model who was correctly executing their tasks.DiscussionIn the discussion, we expand on the results, connecting it to previous research in sport officiating or observational learning. Lastly, we offer suggestions for future researchers that should help build our understanding of sport officials' use of observation.
Lidocaine constant rate infusion in isoflurane anesthetized neonatal foals
Authors: Lambertini Carlotta , Spaccini Francesca , Mazzanti Alessia , Spadari Alessandro , Lanci Aliai , Romagnoli Noemi 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionIn horses, lidocaine infusion is administered intraoperatively for analgesia and for a reduction of inhalant anaesthetic requirement. The objective of the study was to describe the anaesthetic effects of lidocaine infusion in isoflurane anaesthetised foals.MethodsTwelve foals (&lt;3 weeks old) undergoing surgery were included in the study (LIDO group). Foals were premedicated with midazolam and butorphanol IV, anaesthesia was induced with ketamine and propofol IV and maintained with isoflurane. Lidocaine was administered intraoperatively at 0.05 mg/kg/min. Also, the anaesthetic records of 11 foals in which lidocaine was not administered intraoperatively were retrospectively evaluated and they were considered as a historical control group (HC). Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and fraction of expired isoflurane were monitored continuously. Time of extubation, time to reach sternal recumbency and standing were recorded. The quality of recovery was assessed.ResultsHR decreased in both groups compared with baseline values and intraoperatively the differences were statistically significant (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 respectively in the LIDO and HC groups). Intraoperatively the HR was significantly lower in the LIDO group (71.2 ± 13.4 bpm) compared with the HC group (87.1 ± 17.7 bpm) (p = 0.0236). The number of foals requiring inotropic support (LIDO n = 7 and HC n = 9) was not statistically associated with the treatment group (p = 0.371). The extubation time, the time to reach the sternal recumbency and the quality of recovery did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.7 and p = 0.6 respectively).DiscussionIn conclusion, in anaesthetised foals the addition of lidocaine does not provide a sparing effect on isoflurane requirement, and it does not interfere with the quality of recovery, however it decreases significantly the HR, which is pivotal in foals for the maintenance of cardiac output and peripheral perfusion. Therefore, a continuous patient monitoring is essential.
Severity of Atelectasis during Bronchoscopy: Descriptions of a New Grading System (Atelectasis Severity Scoring System—“ASSESS”) and At-Risk-Lung Zones
Authors: Khan Asad , Bashour Sami , Sabath Bruce , Lin Julie , Sarkiss Mona , Song Juhee , Sagar Ala-Eddin S. , Shah Archan , Casal Roberto F. 
Published: January 2024

Atelectasis during bronchoscopy under general anesthesia is very common and can have a detrimental effect on navigational and diagnostic outcomes. While the intraprocedural incidence and anatomic location have been previously described, the severity of atelectasis has not. We reviewed chest CT images of patients who developed atelectasis in the VESPA trial (Ventilatory Strategy to Prevent Atelectasis). By drawing boundaries at the posterior chest wall (A), the anterior aspect of the vertebral body (C), and mid-way between these two lines (B), we delineated at-risk lung zones 1, 2, and 3 (from posterior to anterior). An Atelectasis Severity Score System (“ASSESS”) was created, classifying atelectasis as “mild” (zone 1), “moderate” (zones 1–2), and “severe” (zones 1–2–3). A total of 43 patients who developed atelectasis were included in this study. A total of 32 patients were in the control arm, and 11 were in the VESPA arm; 20 patients (47%) had mild atelectasis, 20 (47%) had moderate atelectasis, and 3 (6%) had severe atelectasis. A higher BMI was associated with increased odds (1.5 per 1 unit change; 95% CI, 1.10–2.04) (p = 0.0098), and VESPA was associated with decreased odds (0.05; 95% CI, 0.01–0.47) (p = 0.0080) of developing moderate to severe atelectasis. ASSESS is a simple method used to categorize intra-bronchoscopy atelectasis, which allows for a qualitative description of this phenomenon to be developed. In the VESPA trial, a higher BMI was not only associated with increased incidence but also increased severity of atelectasis, while VESPA had the opposite effect. Preventive strategies should be strongly considered in patients with risk factors for atelectasis who have lesions located in zones 1 and 2, but not in zone 3.
Four Dialectal Uses of the Adverb Siempre and Their Grammatical Properties
Authors: Bosque Ignacio 
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes four interpretations of the adverb siempre ‘always’ that do not belong to general Spanish. The continuative and the progressive-comparative interpretations are argued to be calques of Italian, often attested in Rioplatense Spanish. In the first one, siempre is equivalent to Eng. still or ‘continue to + infinitive’, while in the second one it admits paraphrases with more and more, less and less, and the adverbs gradually and progressively. The third interpretation, in which siempre is roughly equivalent to after all, finally, and ‘end up + gerund’, will be argued to be concessive-adversative. This reading is more frequent in Mexico and Central America, but it is also attested in other American countries. The fourth reading is the attenuated interpretation, registered in part of the Andean area. In this meaning, siempre is equivalent to roughly or so so. It is argued that, with the possible exception of the last reading (whose origin is insecure), these different meanings of siempre coincide in the interpretation of this adverb as a universal quantifier, while they differ in the semantic nature of the quantified variable.
Characterization of Aeromonas Isolates from Ornamental Fish: Species, Virulence Genes, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility
Authors: de Oliveira Carolina H. , Moreno Luisa Z. , Cardoso Pedro H. M. , Silva Ana Paula S. , Gomes Vasco T. M. , Barbosa Mikaela R. F. , Balian Simone C. , Moreno Andrea M. 
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to characterize 300 Aeromonas spp. strains isolated from 123 ornamental fish of 32 different species presenting with septicemia, skin lesions, and/or eye lesions. Within the 300 strains, 53.0% were identified as A. veronii, 41.3% as A. hydrophila, and 5.7% as A. caviae. Among the six virulence genes investigated, the most frequent were act (90.3%) and aer (79.3%). More than 50% of A. hydrophila strains were positive for all the studied genes. A total of 30 virulence profiles were identified, with the five main profiles identified comprising 75% of strains. Only five strains were negative for all genes and were identified as A. caviae and A. veronii. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was performed for 234 strains, with sulfonamides presenting more than 50% of the resistance rates. Susceptibility was observed mainly for cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and piperacillin-tazobactam. Multidrug resistance was detected in 82.5% of the studied strains, including A. caviae with 100% multidrug resistance, and A. hydrophila with 90.9% multidrug resistance. The SE-AFLP analysis resulted in 66 genotypes of A. hydrophila, 118 genotypes of A. veronii, and 14 genotypes of A. caviae, demonstrating the greater heterogeneity of A. veronii and A. caviae. However, no direct correlation was observed between the genotypes and the strains’ origins or virulence and resistance profiles.
Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Tradisi Adat Budaya Suku Alas di Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara
Authors: Pinem Radiyah Hanum , Batubara Abdul Karim , Ali M. Nasihudin 
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted to find out the Islamic values in the cultural traditions of the Alas tribe in Southeast Aceh district. It aims to find out the history of the early entry of Islam in the Alas tribe, Islamic values in the customary traditions of the Alas tribe, and the social order in the life of the Alas tribe. The type of research conducted uses descriptive qualitative methods of analysis, with an ethnographic approach. The analysis technique used is good data collection that can be obtained with data through the implementation of observations and interviews. Overall, this research raises theoretical implications, namely the existence of cultural fusion, multicultural communication contained in social situations, as well as Islamic religious values in every traditional ceremony of the people of Southeast Aceh district. The role of Islamic values in fact has an influence on the social and cultural situation of the people in Southeast Aceh district. The three aspects (social, cultural, and Islamic) in the Southeast Aceh district can be said to be Local Wisdom. So that Islamic values in the Southeast Aceh region are able to influence the culture and social of the local community, thus creating Islamic culture and customs.
NGHIÊN CỨU ỨNG DỤNG MỘT SỐ THUẬT TOÁN HỌC SÂU CHO BÀI TOÁN PHÁT HIỆN SỚM XÂM NHẬP BẤT THƯỜNG TRONG MẠNG
Authors: Tuyến Hồ Thị , Hiệp Lê Hoàng 
Published: January 2024

Bài báo này tập trung nghiên cứu đề xuất xây dựng mô hình đánh giá hiệu quả của các thuật toán Deep Learning gồm Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) và Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), từ đó biết được mức độ tin cậy của từng bộ dữ liệu trong việc xây dựng mô hình phát hiện bất thường mạng. Do các mô hình đều có cấu trúc tương đồng nhau, vì vậy việc đánh giá sẽ đảm bảo tính khách quan. Hơn nữa, thông qua việc đánh giá hai bộ dữ liệu CICIDS2017 và CSE-CICIDS2018 kết quả cho thấy các thuật toán áp dụng trên CICIDS2017 cho tỉ lệ chính xác lên tới 98,96%, cao hơn so với bộ CSE-CICIDS2018 chỉ khoảng 89-91% và mô hình GRU cho kết quả tốt nhất (Accuracy trên CICIDS2017 là 98,73% và trên bộ CSE-CICIDS2018 là 91,76%). Nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy các thuật toán Deep Learning xây dựng dựa trên mạng RNN đều tỏ ra tương đối hiệu quả khi cho kết quả phát hiện tấn công mạng tốt hơn so với các thuật toán Machine Learning cơ bản, có khả năng phát hiện một số đặc trưng ẩn; cả hai bộ dữ liệu đều đáng tin cậy hơn so với những bộ dữ liệu đã cũ trước đây.
The Faculty of Theology in Krakow and the Jesuits
Authors: Homa Tomasz , Burkiewicz Łukasz 
Published: January 2024

Last year, we celebrated the 625th anniversary of the Faculty of Theology in Krakow. On this occasion, the authorities of the Jagiellonian University and the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Krakow organized a conference devoted to the tradition and heritage of the Faculty of Theology in Krakow. Ignatianum University in Cracow also joined the momentous event as a host of a publication on this topic, by lending the pages of Perspectives on Culture, one of its leading academic journals, for this purpose.
625 years of the Faculty of Theology, 180th Anniversary of Its Establishment and 140 Years Since Józef Sebastian Pelczar Was Elected Rector of the Jagiellonian University
Authors: Tyrała Robert 
Published: January 2024

We have had the privilege of celebrating a unique month in modern history, as on January 11, 2022, we held a grand ceremony to honor the 625th anniversary of the foundation of the Faculty of Theology in Krakow by Pope Boniface IX through the bull Eximiae devotionis affectus of January 11, 1397, at the request of Queen Jadwiga and her husband King Ladislaus Jagiello. Today (January 17, 2022) marks exactly 180 years since the birth (on January 17, 1842) of the Rector of the Jagiellonian University, Bishop Józef Sebastian Pelczar, who was also elected rector of the Jagiellonian University 140 years ago (1882–1883). The history of the Faculty of Theo­logy has seen many outstanding theologians, just to mention the saints: Jan of Kęty and Stanisław Kazimierczyk. We can also list many others, such as Konstanty Michalski, Jan Fijałek, Tadeusz Glemma or Władysław Wicher, who were committed to the quest for truth and sought to unfold the mystery of God throughout the centuries of the faculty’s existence, first at Jagiellonian University and today at the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Krakow.
Słowo Rektora Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego na obchody jubileuszu 625-lecia Wydziału Teologicznego w Krakowie
Authors: Popiel Jacek 
Published: January 2024

Szanowni Państwo, obchody jubileuszu 625-lecia Wydziału Teologicznego w Krakowie zachęcają niewątpliwie do podsumowań, choćby nawet tylko szkicowych, a także do spojrzeń w mniej lub bardziej odległą przeszłość. Przynoszą jednak zarazem okazję do głębokiej refleksji, snutej wokół związków Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego i Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II, który czerpie ze znakomitych tradycji krakowskiego Wydziału Teologicznego.
Regarding the 625th Anniversary of the Erection of the Faculty of Theology of the University of Krakow
Authors: Graff Tomasz 
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the status and prospects of research on the history of the Theological Faculty of the University of Krakow. To this end, the most important scholarly items relating to the history of the faculty from its establishment in 1397 to the present day are discussed. The author stresses the need to undertake new research, including on the biography and works of professors, as well as in relation to the period 1525–1780. The second part of the text briefly discusses the content of eight articles revealing new findings to the history of the Faculty, published in the same issue of the Perspectives on Culture journal.
Społeczno-kościelna działalność profesorów krakowskiego Wydziału Teologicznego w XV wieku
Authors: Ożóg Krzysztof 
Published: January 2024

W niniejszym artykule autor naszkicował średniowieczną myśl dotyczącą miejsca i roli uniwersyteckich mistrzów teologii w społeczeństwie oraz Kościele, a także ich recepcję w krakowskim środowisku uniwersyteckim w XV w. W szczególności omówił poglądy na ten temat w pismach Bartłomieja z Jasła, Stanisława ze Skarbimierza i Jana Elgota. Następnie scharakteryzował grupę ponad 70 profesorów teologii Uniwersytetu Krakowskiego w XV w. oraz ich pochodzenie terytorialne (geograficzne) i społeczne, przynależność zakonną. Autor omówił działalność nielicznych profesorów teologii, którzy zajmowali eksponowane urzędy i godności w polskim Kościele. Ukazał przy tym grupę uczonych współpracujących z biskupem krakowskim Zbigniewem Oleśnickim w zwalczaniu husytyzmu oraz w sprawach związanych z soborem bazylejskim. Podkreślił, że wywarli oni znaczny wpływ na polski episkopat, który w większości opowiedział się po stronie soboru bazylejskiego, zaś traktat Tomasza Strzępińskiego Determinatio Basiliensis został uznany w Bazylei za najlepszy wykład doktryny koncyliarystycznej. Krakowscy profesorowie teologii oddziaływali na społeczeństwo poprzez kaznodziejstwo, a także twórczość pastoralną i moralną przeznaczoną dla duchowieństwa na potrzeby pracy duszpasterskiej w parafiach.