bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different vitamin D supplementation strategies impact serum vitamin D concentrations and the mRNA expression of genes related to vitamin D metabolism, mitochondria respiration, redox balance, and immune system in weanling piglets
Authors: Dalto Danyel Bueno , Audet Isabelle , Roy Caroline , Villeneuve Geneviève , Matte J Jacques , Lapointe Jérôme 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study compared the effects of different vitamin D supplementation strategies to pre- and post-weaning piglets on vitamin D metabolism and health-related parameters. Sixty Yorkshire-Landrace × Duroc suckling piglets were selected at the first day of age and randomly assigned to one of two vitamin D supplementation strategies (n = 30 pigs per treatment): CTR – oral saline at days 2, 8 and 21 of age and, from weaning (day 21), in-feed supplementation with 2000 IU of vitamin D as cholecalciferol; and VD - oral 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) solution at days 2, 8 and 21 of age plus 15-minute exposure to UVB light every second day from day 14 until day 21 and, from weaning, in-feed supplementation with 2000 IU of vitamin D as 25(OH)D3. Piglets were slaughtered (n = 10 pigs per treatment/day) at days 21 (before start in-feed experimental diets), 28 and 35 and blood and tissues samples (jejunum, liver and kidney) were collected. Body weight, concentrations of serum 25(OH)D3 and jejunum, liver, and kidney mRNA expression of genes related to vitamin D, antioxidant system, and immune defense were measured. Body weight was not affected by treatments (P ≥ 0.34). Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were greater for VD piglets at day 21, 28 and 35 (P &lt; 0.01). No effect of treatment was detected (P ≥ 0.14) for mRNA expression in the jejunum mucosa. In the liver of VD piglets, mRNA expressions of genes related to the antioxidant system were lower at day 21 (NDUFB2) and at day 28 (BNIP3, GPX4, and MSRA) (P ≤ 0.10). The mRNA analysis in kidney during the overall period detected higher expression of genes related to the mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation (COX17, NDUFB2, and NDUFB6) in VD groups compared to CTR (P ≤ 0.09). The expression of CYP27B1 in kidney was higher at day 28 and CYP24A1 was lower at day 21 but higher at day 35 for VD animals. In conclusion, during the pre-weaning period, dietary 25(OH)D3 supplementation combined with UVB exposure was effective in increasing serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations at weaning whereas in the post-weaning period dietary 25(OH)D3 supplementation at 2000 IU/kg was more efficient then dietary cholecalciferol at similar levels. The overall results indicate that 2000 IU of vitamin D/kg of diet, independently of source, may be enough to improve the vitamin D status of post-weaning piglets. However, the use of dietary 25(OH)D3 may promote a better modulation of vitamin D metabolism and redox balance.
On the bi-periodic (k,s)—Jacobsthal numbers via the Fibonacci–Hörner decomposition of matrix powers
Authors: Rachidi Mustapha , Yilmaz Fatih 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper we investigate a matrix formulation of the sequence of bi-periodic $(k,s)-$Jacobsthal numbers. The Fibonacci–Hörner and the Jordan form decompositions for computing the matrix powers are used for providing the linear and the combinatorial formulas, as well as the Binet formulas of the bi-periodic $(k,s)-$Jacobsthal numbers. Illustrative special cases are studied.
Time-of-day changes in permethrin susceptibility and metabolic gene expression in Florida Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Schluep Sierra M , Chen Tse-Yu , Whitehead Shelley A , Buckner Eva A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) is the principal mosquito vector for many of the most medically significant arboviruses that threaten global public health. A better understanding of time-of-day variation in insecticide resistance mediated by detoxifying enzymes in Ae. aegypti could allow for targeted insecticide applications when susceptibility is highest and the upregulation of detoxification enzymes is lowest. Using a susceptible and metabolically resistant field Ae. aegypti strain from Florida, we investigated simulated photoperiodic changes in permethrin susceptibility and upregulation of detoxification enzymes by measuring permethrin LD50 and expression of detoxification genes (GSTE7, GSTE2, CCEae3A, CYP9J28, and CYPBB2) for both strains every 4 h over a 24 h (12:12 h light: dark) cycle. We found that in both Ae. aegypti strains, permethrin susceptibility was lower during the day as compared to evening, with susceptibility lowest at dusk (18:00) and highest between 02:00 and 14:00. Although no significant changes in gene expression over time were observed in the susceptible Ae. aegypti strain, we documented increased expression of all investigated detoxification genes in the metabolically resistant field Ae. aegypti strain during the night (18:00 to 02:00) as compared to the day (06:00 to 14:00). These data suggest that permethrin applications made between midnight and dawn (06:00) may be more effective against Ae. aegypti as compared to applications made at dusk (approximately 18:00).
End-of-life care quality for American Indians with cancer
Authors: Emerson Marc A , Spees Lisa P , Jackson Bradford E , Fariman Soroush , Begay Joel , Morris Hayley N , Salas Ana I , Baggett Christopher D , Akinyemiju Tomi , Bell Ronny A , Wheeler Stephanie B 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
American Indians experience disparities in cancer outcomes. Little is known about the quality of end-of-life care in American Indian patients with cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed end-of-life care for North Carolina patients who died (decedents) diagnosed with any cancer between 2003 and 2018 using the Cancer Information & Population Health Resource. Measures of end-of-life care quality were informed by existing literature and included in-hospital death, hospice use, and other health-care utilization within the last 30 days of life. Associations between race and ethnicity and end-of-life outcomes were evaluated to estimate adjusted risk ratios (RRs). Because within-group heterogeneity can influence health outcomes and intervention effectiveness, we also evaluated associations among American Indian individuals only.

Results
We identified 163 285 (1769 American Indian and 161 516 White) decedents. The majority (60%) of American Indian individuals lived in a geographic area characterized by non–federally recognized tribes. American Indian decedents had greater proportions of rural residence than White decedents (54.5% American Indian vs 30.4% White) and dual-Medicaid/Medicare enrollment (37.4% American Indian vs 17.7% White). Compared with White decedents, American Indian decedents had increased hospital admission (adjusted RR = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06 to 1.15), intensive care unit admission (adjusted RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.32), and more than 1 emergency department visit (adjusted RR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.44) in the last 30 days of life. We observed statistically significant within-group variation in end-of-life care quality among American Indian patients.

Conclusions
Structural barriers to care and rurality may contribute to lower-quality end-of-life care among American Indian decedents compared with White patients. High-quality, culturally appropriate end-of-life care will require a better understanding of care decision-making and access.
Prognostic implications of risk definitions from the monarchE and NATALEE trials
Authors: Arecco Luca , Blondeaux Eva , Bruzzone Marco , Arpino Grazia , De Angelis Carmine , De Laurentiis Michelino , Caputo Roberta , Fabi Alessandra , Sanna Valeria , Gori Stefania , Puglisi Fabio , Boni Luca , Nardin Simone , Giannubilo Irene , Perachino Marta , Borea Roberto , Agostinetto Elisa , de Azambuja Evandro , Lambertini Matteo , Del Mastro Lucia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The monarchE and NATALEE trials employed different high-risk inclusion criteria. Main objective is to assess prognostic differences based on their inclusion criteria.

Methods
Patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer enrolled in the phase III MIG1, GIM2, and GIM3 trials were categorized as high-risk cohort (HRC) and low-risk cohort (LRC) according to the inclusion criteria of monarchE and NATALEE trials. Subsequently, they were further classified in three different cohorts
concordant LRC (low-risk for both trials), discordant risk cohort (high-risk for only one trial), and concordant HRC (high-risk for both trials). Main outcomes were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
Among 4,795 patients included, 1,343 (28.0%) and 2,689 (56.1%) were classified as HRC according to the monarchE and NATALEE, respectively.
Fuzzy labelling semantics for quantitative argumentation
Authors: Wang Zongshun , Shen Yuping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Abstract argumentation is a well-studied model for evaluating arguments. Recently, evaluating argument strength in quantitative argumentation has received increasing attention, in which arguments are evaluated through acceptability degree. However, argument strength solely defined on acceptability degree appears not sufficient in practical applications. In this paper, we provide a novel quantitative method called fuzzy labelling for fuzzy argumentation systems, in which a triple of acceptability, rejectability and undecidability degrees is used to evaluate argument strength. Such a setting sheds new light on defining argument strength and provides a deeper understanding of the status of arguments. Specifically, we investigate the postulates of fuzzy labelling, which present the rationality requirements for semantics concerning the acceptability, rejectability and undecidability degrees. We then propose a class of fuzzy labelling semantics conforming to the above postulates and investigate the properties. Finally, we demonstrate that fuzzy labelling semantics can be considered both a conservative generalization of classical labelling semantics and a labelling version of fuzzy extension semantics.
UV Autofluorescence Microscopy of Jaw Ground Sections from Seymouria, Broili, 1904, Reveals Clots in Vascular Canals
Authors: Armitage Mark H 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Blood clots found in 40-micron thick sections prepared from the jaws of several tetrapods collected from Richards Spur fissure fills deposits near Fort Sill, OK are described. Clots were examined with brightfield, polarized, and ultraviolet autofluorescence microscopy. Clots formed a tight junction with the hydroxyapatite walls of the bone and were often present in adjoining Volkmann canals. It is believed that the clots were formed by trauma related to asphyxiation, leading to death.
Use, Benefits, and Barriers to Financial and Credit Counseling Among Veterans According to Financial Counselors and Other Subject Matter Experts
Authors: Kinney Rebecca L , Hooshyar Dina , Tsai Jack 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Over a million U.S. veterans report an income below the poverty line. The Veterans Affairs (VA) offers financial literacy and money management education to promote veterans’ economic well-being. This study examined perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to economic resources among financial providers and experts serving veterans.

Methods
This study implemented a VA Redcap survey constructed of closed-ended and open-ended questions to examine perceptions of financial programs. Descriptive statistics were used to examine the close-ended responses; qualitative analysis was performed on the open-ended responses.

Results
A total of 269 subject matter experts responded to the survey. Fifty-nine percent (n = 158) of respondents reported that financial counseling and education for veterans takes place outside of their local VA. Most frequently used services included financial coaching (46%; n = 124), assistance in attaining other sources of income (44%; n = 118), establishing a bank account (25%; n = 67), group financial education (23%; n = 62), and providing representative payee or conservator (19%; n = 51). Barriers to financial counseling and education exist with a lack of program awareness (70%; n = 188) and eligibility (66%; n = 178) being most often reported.

Conclusion
Financial and money management interventions produce positive outcomes but should consider more effective modes in which to extend reach, education, and build trusting relationships in effort to increase financial stability and quality of life among low-income veterans.
The evolution of [O iii] + Hβ equivalent width from z ≃ 3−8: implications for the production and escape of ionizing photons during reionization
Authors: Begley R , McLure R J , Cullen F , McLeod D J , Dunlop J S , Carnall A C , Stanton T M , Shapley A E , Cochrane R , Donnan C T , Ellis R S , Fontana A , Grogin N A , Koekemoer A M 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Accurately quantifying the ionizing photon production efficiency ($\xi _\mathrm{ion}$) of $z\gtrsim 6$ star-forming galaxies (SFGs) is necessary to fully understand their contribution to reionization. In this study, we investigate the ionizing properties of $N=279$ SFGs selected at $z\simeq 6.9-7.6$ from two of the largest JWST Cycle-1 imaging programmes; PRIMER (Public Release IMaging for Extragalactic Research) and JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). We use bagpipes to consistently infer the equivalent widths ($W_{\lambda }$) of their [O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$ emission lines and their physical properties. To supplement this sample, we measure $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$) photometrically for $N=253$$z_{\mathrm{spec}}=3.2-3.6$ SFGs selected from the VANDELS spectroscopic survey. Comparing these samples, we find a strong apparent redshift evolution in their median $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$), increasing from $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$)$=380\pm 30$ Å in VANDELS to $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$)$=540\pm 25$ Å in PRIMER$+$JADES. Concentrating on the JWST sample ($z\gtrsim 7$), we find that $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$) correlates with stellar mass and ultraviolet (UV) luminosity, with high-mass, $M_{\mathrm{UV}}$-faint galaxies producing systematically weaker emission lines. Moreover, we discover a departure from the standard lognormal shape of the $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$) distribution, with a more pronounced tail towards lower $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$), consistent with increasingly bursty star formation. Using $W_{\lambda }$([O iii] + $\mathrm{H\, \beta }$) as a proxy for $\xi _\mathrm{ion}$, and UV spectral slope as a proxy for Lyman-continuum escape ($f_\mathrm{esc}^\mathrm{LyC}$), we uncover a minority of galaxies with high $\xi _\mathrm{ion}$ and $f_\mathrm{esc}^\mathrm{LyC}$ (e.g. $\mathrm{log}(\xi _\mathrm{ion}/\mathrm{erg^{-1}Hz})\simeq 25.6$ and $f_\mathrm{esc}^\mathrm{LyC}$$\simeq 0.15$). However, we find the ionizing photon budget at $z\gtrsim 7$ is dominated by galaxies with more moderate output, close to the median values of $\mathrm{log}(\xi _\mathrm{ion}/\mathrm{erg^{-1}Hz})\simeq 25.3$ and $f_\mathrm{esc}^\mathrm{LyC}$$\simeq 0.05$. Our results are consistent with estimates for the number of ionizing photons required to power reionization at $z\gtrsim 7$, with no evidence for over or underproduction.
Histone H3E50K remodels chromatin to confer oncogenic activity and support an EMT phenotype
Authors: Sad Kirti , Fawwal Dorelle V , Jones Celina Y , Hill Emily J , Skinner Katie T , Adams Miranda L , Lustenberger Severin , Lee Richard S , Lohano Sandhya V , Elayavalli Satvik R , Farhi Jonathan , Mehta Christina C , Lemon Laramie D , Fasken Milo B , Hong Andrew L , Sloan Steven A , Corbett Anita H , Spangle Jennifer M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sequencing of human patient tumors has identified recurrent missense mutations in genes encoding core histones. We report that mutations that convert histone H3 amino acid 50 from a glutamate to a lysine (H3E50K) support an oncogenic phenotype. Expression of H3E50K is sufficient to transform human cells as evidenced by an increase in cell migration and invasion, and an increase in proliferation and clonogenicity. H3E50K also increases the invasive phenotype in the context of co-occurring BRAF mutations, which are present in patient tumors characterized by H3E50K. H3E50 lies on the globular domain surface in a region that contacts H4 within the nucleosome. We find that H3E50K selectively increases chromatin accessibility and perturbs proximal H3 post-translational modifications including H3K27me3; together these changes to chromatin dynamics dysregulate gene expression to support the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Functional studies using Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveal that, while yeast cells that express H3E50K as the sole copy of histone H3 show sensitivity to cellular stressors, including caffeine, H3E50K cells display some genetic interactions that are distinct from the characterized H3K36M oncohistone yeast model. Taken together, these data suggest that additional H3 mutations have the potential to support oncogenic activity and function through distinct mechanisms that dysregulate gene expression.
In vivo selection of anti-glioblastoma DNA aptamers in an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft model
Authors: Doherty Caroline D , Wilbanks Brandon A , Jain Sonia , S Pearson Keenan , Bakken Katie K , Burgenske Danielle M , Lett Nay Won , Sarkaria Jann N , Maher Louis J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor of adults. Current therapeutic options yield dismal prognoses that have remained essentially unchanged over nearly two decades. Diffuse growth patterns, high intratumoral heterogeneity, and variable blood–brain barrier integrity limit treatment efficacy, creating challenges that rational small molecule design has not overcome. Antibody–drug conjugates have shown some promise, leading us to hypothesize that smaller folded DNA aptamers, developed in vivo via principles of natural selection, might eventually have advantages for drug delivery. Here, we document the first in vivo DNA aptamer selection involving an orthotopic patient-derived xenograft GBM mouse model to identify tumor-homing DNA aptamers. We demonstrate the preferential accumulation of these aptamers in the tumor relative to other tissues 4 h after intraperitoneal injection. The aptamers can be detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, fluorescent tumor staining, and stain GBM tumor section from untreated mice and the GBM tumor cells in culture. Two of three candidates are selective for the target cell line in vitro and do not bind other human tumor cells. In vivo selection of tumor-specific DNA aptamers demonstrates a novel approach for diagnostics or toxin delivery that might allow for the development of individualized therapies.
Diminished Mycobacterium tuberculosis–specific T-cell Responses During Pregnancy in Women With HIV and Receiving Isoniazid Preventive Therapy
Authors: Saha Aparajita , Escudero Jaclyn N , Layouni Troy , Mecha Jerphason , Maleche-Obimbo Elizabeth , Matemo Daniel , Kinuthia John , John-Stewart Grace , Richardson Barbra A , LaCourse Sylvia M , Shah Javeed A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy increases Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) reactivation risk and alters immune responses. We assessed Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cell responses in pregnant women with HIV (WLHIV) and without, including those receiving isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT).

Methods
We measured adaptive immune responses from 33 participants (HIV+ 21, HIV− 12) with positive interferon-gamma release assay during pregnancy (20–34 weeks’ gestation), 6 weeks, and 12 months postpartum by intracellular cytokine staining. We measured overall responses using COMPASS and made comparisons by nonparametric analysis of variance.

Result
We observed diminished Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cell responses in WLHIV during pregnancy versus 12 months postpartum (COMPASS median functional score [FS] .009 vs 0.12, P = .03). WLHIV who received IPT (n = 8) during concurrent pregnancy had attenuated Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cell responses during pregnancy versus 12 months postpartum (median FS 8.3 × 10−7 vs 0.13, P = .02), but WLHIV who did not receive IPT during pregnancy had similar responses in pregnancy and postpartum. Mtb-specific CD8+ FS was increased postpartum in all groups. We found preexisting Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cell responses in participants who converted interferon-gamma release assay tests postpartum (n = 10).

Conclusions
Pregnant WLHIV, especially those on IPT, showed reduced Mtb-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. Understanding the impact of pregnancy on Mtb-specific T-cell responses may improve diagnostic approaches.
Immunogenicity and Safety of the Higher-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine vs the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ngamprasertchai Thundon , Ruenroengbun Narisa , Kajeekul Rattagan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The immunogenicity of the 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15) and PCV20 in older adults was approved on the basis of comparative data with PCV13, although their relative immunogenicity and safety in this population remain undetermined. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to provide insights, addressing the lack of large-scale efficacy studies.

Methods
This analysis included phase 2 and 3 randomized controlled trials evaluating the immunogenicity of a single dose of PCV15 or PCV20 in older adults by opsonophagocytic assay geometric mean titer (GMT) response at 1 month postvaccination as compared with PCV13.

Results
In total, 8 trials were eligible. PCV15 demonstrated superior immunogenicity vs PCV13 among older adults (GMT ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.20). In immunogenicity vs PCV13, PCV20 demonstrated noninferiority, exceeding 0.5 at 1 month postvaccination (GMT ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, .81–.87). The incidence of local and systemic reactions was higher in the PCV15 group as compared with the PCV13 group, with risk ratios of 1.23 (95% CI, 1.14–1.32) and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02–1.29), respectively. PCV20 is well tolerated and exhibits a comparable rate of local and systemic reactions to PCV13.

Conclusions
These findings support the immunogenicity and safety of PCV15 and PCV20 for pneumococcal vaccination in older adults. Given its superior immune response, PCV15 may address the gaps left by PCV13. Despite higher antibody levels, the clinical effectiveness of these vaccines remains uncertain. Ongoing surveillances are essential to evaluate the impact of both vaccines on remaining vaccine-type pneumococcal disease.