bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of angle alpha and angle kappa measured by Lenstar 900 in a Chinese population
Authors: Liu Shuaishuai , Wang Ziqi , liu Yong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the distribution of angle alpha and angle kappa in a Chinese population.
Methods
Angle alpha, angle kappa, and other ocular biometric parameters were measured by the Lenstar 900 platform. The distributions of angle alpha and angle kappa and their associations with ocular parameters were assessed.
Results
This study included 9272 people for a total of 18544 eyes. The alpha angles of both eyes were 0.42 (0.26, 0.53) mm and 0.41 (0.26, 0.52) mm in the right eye and left eyes, respectively. The kappa angle values of both eyes were 0.24 (0.14, 0.31) mm in the right eye and 0.23 (0.13, 0.30) mm in the left eye. Angle alpha and angle kappa are mainly located in the temporal direction of the visual axis. Angle kappa and angle alpha were positively correlated with age and lens thickness and negatively correlated with anterior chamber depth, axial length, and corneal horizontal diameter (all P < 0.001). Angle alpha is positively correlated with angle kappa, and the angle alpha and angle kappa of both eyes are positively correlated. With increasing age, angle alpha and angle kappa gradually change in a nonlinear manner.
Conclusion
Angle alpha and angle kappa, both predominantly located temporal to the visual axis, were influenced by age, anterior chamber depth, axial length, and corneal horizontal diameter. As age increased, the changes in angle alpha and angle kappa were nonlinear, showing a downward then upward trend, with 20–30 years as the turning point.
Anti-inflammatory, Radical-Scavenging, and Chelating Activities of Nor-triterpenes from Galphimia spp. (Malpighiaceae)
Authors: León-Álvarez Eleazar , Pacheco César Millán , Gesto-Borroto Reinier , Acosta-Urdapilleta María de Lourdes , Téllez-Téllez Maura , González Rita Barreto , Núñez-Aragón Pablo Noé , Villarreal María Luisa , Cardoso-Taketa Alexandre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging activities of the methanolic extract from the leaves of Galphimia spp. collected in Morelos, Mexico, and isolated galphimidin (1) and galphimidin B (2), were evaluated. Nor-triterpenes 1 and 2 displayed anti-inflammatory activity inhibiting the nitric oxide production by the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model, with IC50 values of 22.62 and 20.19 µg/mL, respectively, which were higher than the crude extract with an IC50 of 42.92 µg/mL. Furthermore, the TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced ear edema in mice assay displayed results of EC50 of 2.03 mg/ear to the methanolic extract, 1.91 mg/ear to 1, and 1.42 mg/ear to 2. Docking analysis of 1 and 2 at the iNOS active site indicated the negative influence of water molecules by mediating the ligand-protein interaction through hydrogen bonds interactions that increase the energy expenditure. These results explain the observed anti-inflammatory action of 1 and 2 by iNOS inhibition, which is better modulated in silico by the absence of water in the active site. The methanolic extract showed a low radical-scavenging activity inhibiting free radicals DPPH• with values of 57.33% compared to isoquercetin and rutin as positive controls. Nevertheless, the crude extract displayed high activity inhibiting ABTS•+ free radicals at 83.31% that was in accordance with high reducing potential of total polyphenols by Folin-Ciocalteu method with value of 3591.11 mg of gallic acid (GAE)/g of biomass. Compounds 1 and 2 did not present radical-scavenging activities but showed metal-chelating activity of 27.62% and 30.54%, which were higher values than EDTA as positive control.
A bio-inspired self-assembly strategy toward mechanically robust and flame retardant nanocomposites with ultra-sensitive and super-durable fire warning
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Zhou Zhenzhu , Huang Junchao , Wang Yuhua 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is widely applied in intelligence devices and energy storage, while its high flammability still challenges its development regarding the fire safety when employing in the regional heat accumulation circumstance. Herein, lamellar graphene oxide (GO) and bio-extracted phytic acid (PA) were introduced into PVA to fabricate a homogeneous PGP composite with excellent mechanical performance, flame retardancy and fire warning capacity through an eco-friendly water evaporation-induced self-assembly method. Via generating multiple interactions among PVA, GO and PA, the optimized cross-linked structure like hierarchical nacre was formed in PGP and presented simultaneously enhanced tensile strength and toughness than pure PVA. Owing to barrier effect of GO and free radical trapping and char catalyzing ability of PA, PGP composites showed excellent flame retardancy as the pHRR and THR decreased 88.6 and 66.5% compared to the pure PVA, and UL-94 level and LOI reached to V-0 rating and 36%, respectively. Moreover, the composite could maintain the structure integrity even after a longtime flame attack, displaying continuous warning ability over 2400 s. A fast dehydration and graphization process of the PGP composites allowed a rapid warning response within 2 s under fire. A better thermal accumulation endowed by GO lowered the response temperature to 150 ℃ which was sensitive to overheating. Besides, applying the PGP precursor solution as wood and cotton fabric coating could also improve the flame-retardant performance and endowed the fire warning capacity. Therefore, the composite fabricated in this work showed a great potential application in fire protection and warning.
Will Prosocial Behavior influence Intentions of Indian Investors to join Socially Responsible Investment?
Authors: Rana Priya , Sarva Mahesh , Verma Bhavisha 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to exam in the impact of pro social behaviour on Indian investor intentional to participate it socially responsible investment taking attitude as mediated with special reference to all Indian states.
Design/methodology/approach: For achieving the objective of this study, the model was tested through PLS SEM software. Research Scales from the literature were used in modified version according to the suitability. Data were collected from 216 respondents.
Findings :The findings suggest that the factors of Perceived Consumer Effectiveness, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Perceived Financial Performance directly influence individuals' attitudes. These attitudes, in turn, have a significant impact on investors' intentions to engage in Socially Responsible Investment (SRI). Additionally, the study adopted the Theory of Planned Behavior framework to gain insights into SRI intentions with a focus on prosocial motivations. Therefore, the employed model for elucidating these variables yielded positive and promising results.
Originality/value:The literature supports that attitude plays a mediating role in forming intentions for green purchase behaviour only a few have examined the role of prosocial behaviour as a driver for SRI adoption intention. The current study aims to link prosocial behaviours of investors to the Theory of Planned Behaviour, a less explored approach in previous research.
Surplus Value Quantification of Overdue Medical Devices Based on Kohonen Network Algorithm
Authors: Tan Xiaomei , Mao Yajie , Zhang Jin , Li Jiansheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

With the continuous updating and progress of medical equipment, overdue medical device has problems such as management difficulties, resource waste and potential security risks. Therefore, this paper used Kohonen network algorithm to quantitatively evaluate and analyze the surplus value of overdue medical devices. In this paper, Kohonen network algorithm was used to build a quantitative model of the surplus value of overdue medical device, and the self-organization characteristics and data-driven learning ability of Kohonen network were used to more accurately predict the surplus value of equipment. Support vector machine was used to quantitatively evaluate and predict the surplus value of overdue medical device, and further optimize the model performance, so as to provide more accurate and reliable decision support for medical equipment management. The Kohonen network algorithm used in this paper well evaluated the correlation between the service life and maintenance cost of eight types of overdue medical device, and quantitatively predicted the surplus value of overdue medical device with the random forest algorithm. According to the comparison of prediction bias, the Kohonen network algorithm in this paper has better prediction performance than the random forest algorithm. In the experiment of comparative analysis and verification by introducing decision tree algorithm, the average error rate of Kohonen network algorithm in this paper was only 20.57%, which was far lower than 46.34% of random forest algorithm and 65.31% of decision tree algorithm. The Kohonen network algorithm used in this paper can effectively quantitatively evaluate and predict the surplus value of overdue medical device, thus improving the efficiency of medical equipment management, reducing costs and ensuring patient safety.
Female and smokers are associated with acute and long COVID-19 symptoms among 32,528 vaccination individuals: a cross-sectional and nationwide study from China
Authors: Su Zheng , Li Yinghua , Xie Ying , Huang Zhenxiao , Cheng Anqi , Zhou Xinmei , Li Jinxuan , Qin Rui , Wei Xiaowen , Liu Yi , Xia Xin , Song Qingqing , Zhao Liang , Liu Zhao , Xiao Dan , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Backgrounds
To our knowledge, there is no available nationwide data on omicron symptom patterns in China mainland. We aim to determine the acute and long COVID-19 symptoms in the omicron-dominant period and to evaluate its association with age, sex and smoking status.
Methods
We designed a cross-sectional nationwide study and data about self-reported symptoms were collected by an online platform named Wenjuanxing. Eligible participants were aged 25–65 years and were symptomatic. To improve the representativeness of sample size, the ratios of the number of people of different ages and genders were weighted by the data from the Seventh National Census (2020 years), and validated by a published nationwide representative study through comparing smoking rates. Descriptive analysis was conducted to report information on demographic characteristics, diagnosis ways and duration time, acute symptoms, hospitalization, severity and long COVID-19 symptoms. And, multivariate Logistic regression models were used to explore the effect of age, sex and smoking on acute and long COVID-19 symptoms.
Results
A total of 32,528 individuals diagnosed as COVID-19 infection from October 1, 2022 to February 21, 2023 were included. The top three acute symptoms of COVID-19 infection were fever (69.90%), headache (62.63%), sore throat (54.29%). The rates of hospitalization within 7 days, symptoms disappear within 21 days were 3.07% and 68.84%, respectively. Among 3983 COVID-19 patients with 3 months or more time difference between first infection and participation into the study, the long COVID-19 rate was 19.68% and the primary symptoms were muscle weakness (19.39%), headache (17.98%) and smell/taste disorder (15.18%). Compared with male and never smokers, female and current smokers were risk factors for each acute CVOID-19 symptoms, and also had a higher risk for fatigue among long COVID-19 symptoms. Lastly, female and current smokers also were related with more number of symptoms during acute infection period.
Conclusions
Omicron variant to be milder in terms of severity in China mainland. And, more attention should be given to high-risk population (current smokers and women) to control disease burden caused by COVID-19.
Modulation of response times in early-stage Parkinson’s disease during emotional processing of embodied and non-embodied stimuli
Authors: Botta Alessandro , Pelosin Elisa , Lagravinese Giovanna , Marchese Roberta , Biasio Francesca Di , Bonassi Gaia , Terranova Sara , Ravizzotti Elisa , Putzolu Martina , Mezzarobba Susanna , Cosentino Carola , Avenanti Alessio , Avanzino Laura 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Valence (positive and negative) and content (embodied vs. non-embodied) characteristics of visual stimuli have been shown to influence motor readiness, as tested with response time paradigms. Both embodiment and emotional processing are affected in Parkinson’s disease (PD) due to basal ganglia dysfunction. Here we aimed to investigate, using a two-choice response time paradigm, motor readiness when processing embodied (emotional body language [EBL] and emotional facial expressions [FACS]) vs non-embodied (emotional scenes [IAPS]) stimuli with neutral, happy, and fearful content.
We enrolled twenty-five patients with early-stage PD and 25 age matched healthy participants. Motor response during emotional processing was assessed by measuring response times (RTs) in a home-based, forced two-choice discrimination task where participants were asked to discriminate the emotional stimulus from the neutral one. Rating of valence and arousal was also performed. A clinical and neuropsychological evaluation was performed on PD patients.
Results showed that RTs for PD patients were longer for all conditions compared to HC and that RTs were generally longer in both groups for EBL compared to FACS and IAPS, with the sole exception retrieved for PD, where in discriminating fearful stimuli, RTs for EBL were longer compared to FACS but not to IAPS. Furthermore, in PD only, when discriminating fearful respect to neutral stimuli, RTs were shorter when discriminating FACS compared to IAPS.
This study shows that PD patients were faster in discriminating fearful embodied stimuli, allowing us to speculate on mechanisms involving an alternative, compensatory, emotional motor pathway for PD patients undergoing fear processing.
Inhomogeneity of regional ventilation during awake pronation with helmet CPAP in COVID-19 ARDS patients
Authors: Fossali Tommaso , Locatelli Martina , Colombo Riccardo , Veronese Alice , Borghi Beatrice , Ballone Elisabetta , Castelli Antonio , Rech Roberto , Catena Emanuele , Ottolina Davide 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: prone positioning with continous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is widely used for respiratory support in awake patients with COVID-19 associated acute respiratory failure. We aimed to assess the respiratory mechanics and distribution of ventilation in COVID-19 associated ARDS treated by CPAP in awake prone position. Methods: we studied sixteen awake COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe ARDS. The study protocol consisted of a randomized sequence of supine and prone position with imposed PEEP of 5 and 10 cmH2O delivered by helmet CPAP. Respiratory mechanics and distribution of ventilation were assessed through esophageal pressure (PES) and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). At the end of each 20 minutes phase, arterial blood gas analysis was performed, and PES swing and EIT tracings were recorded for the calculation of the respiratory mechanics and regional ventilation. Results: the patient’s position had no significant effects on respiratory mechanics. EIT analysis did not detect differences among global indices of ventilation. A significant proportion of pixel in the sternal region of interest showed increase of compliance from supine to prone position and PaO2/FIO2 increased accordingly. The best improvement of both PaO2/FIO2 and sternal compliance was obtained in prone position with PEEP 10 cmH2O. Conclusions: in the studied subjects, prone positioning during CPAP treatment raised oxygenation without improvement of “protective” ventilation or of global ventilatory inhomogeneity indices. Prone positioning with higher PEEP significantly increased the recruitment of sternal regions.
Construction of a risk prediction model for the development of purulent meningitis in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Shen MengJun , Zhang Hui , Peng WenJia , Wang QingYun , Peng Wan Sheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to construct a risk prediction model for septic meningitis in neonates with sepsis and to provide a basis for the early identification of high-risk children. Methods: Infants were selected and divided into modeling and validation cohorts. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen predictors in the modeling cohort. Predictive models were developed by incorporating multifactorial logistic regression analysis and were presented in the form of column-line graphs and web calculators. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration curves were used to evaluate model discrimination and calibration. Internal validation was performed using the bootstrap self-sampling method. The clinical validity of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis. Results: A total of 689 full-term infants with sepsis who were admitted to met the inclusion criteria and were selected. The infants were divided into modeling and validation cohorts. Through LASSO regression and multifactorial stepwise logistic regression, six predictors were selected. These factors were included in the model to create a column chart, and a successful predictive model for the development of septic meningitis in neonates with sepsis. The calibration curves indicated good calibration.
Absorption and Sensitivity Measurements of Noble Metals (Au, Ag, Cu) Thin Film Biosensor Based on SPR Simulation Characterizations
Authors: A.Ahmad Omar , Alrashid Said Naif Turki , K.Khalaf Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the influence of varying the thickness of noble metals, namely gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu), and the incident light wavelength on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties for biosensor applications. Our analysis employs the Fresnel equations to examine the absorption characteristics of these metals. We explore metal layer thicknesses ranging from d = 30 to 70 nm and incident light wavelengths of λ = 500 and 600 nm, with incident angles (θ) ranging from 0° to 90°. Utilizing simulation analysis in MATLAB, we simulate the SPR responses of these metals when deposited on N_LASF9 and BK-7 glass prisms, with air as the surrounding medium. Our calculations reveal the absorption properties of Au, Ag, and Cu, as indicated by the angle of incidence (θSPR). Our findings demonstrate that the highest absorption occurs with copper (Cu) at A = 0.999 (a.u.) for λ = 500 nm and d = 30 nm. When λ is adjusted to 600 nm, gold (Au) exhibits the highest absorption at A = 0.997 (a.u.) with a thickness of d = 40 nm. Additionally, we calculate sensitivity values for all three metals, with copper (Cu) yielding the highest sensitivity of 101.6 Reflected Index Units (RIU− 1) for both λ = 500 and 600 nm. Furthermore, we compute the figure of merit (FOM), with silver (Ag) achieving the highest FOM of 443 at λ = 500 nm and 451 at λ = 600 nm. These findings provide valuable insights into the SPR properties of noble metals for biosensing applications and offer guidance for optimizing biosensor designs.
Integrative data of an unknown ciliate (Alveolata, Ciliophora) propose the establishment of Caudidiodeviata nov. gen.
Authors: Liao Lijian , Jiang Limin , Hu Xiaozhong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
As unicellular eukaryotes, ciliates are an indispensable component of ecosystems that play the role of intermediate nutrition link between bacteria or algae and meifauna. Recent faunistic surveys have discovered many new taxa of hypotrich ciliates, indicating their diversity is greater than previously thought. Here we document an undescribed form isolated from an artificial brackish water pond in East China. Examination of its morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogeny suggests it represents a new genus.
Results
The new genus is distinguished from its relatives by having a dorsomarginal kinety, frontoventral and caudal cirri. It also has five frontoventral cirral anlagen, and oral primordium originated apokinetally between right and left cirral field. The diagnostic traits of the new species include three frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, one or two parabuccal cirri, a row of four to six frontoventral cirri, three left and two right marginal rows, and one bipolar dorsal kinety with one or two caudal cirri at its rear end. Its main morphogenetic features are: (i) the old oral apparatus is completely inherited by the proter except undulating membranes, which are reorganized in situ; (ii) anlagen for marginal rows and the left dorsal kinety develop intrakinetally in both proter and opisthe; (iii) dorsal kinety 2 is generated dorsomarginally; (iv) in the proter, anlagen I and II originate from the parental undulating membranes and the buccal cirrus, respectively, anlage III from anterior parabuccal cirrus, anlage IV from the parental frontoventral cirri; (v) anlagen I–IV of the opisthe are all generated from oral primordium, and (vi) anlage V occur in the innermost parental right marginal row in both dividers. The phylogenetic analysis suggests that the new species is closely related to the newly described Heterodeviata sinica Song et al., 2023, and then form a robust clade with other deviatids, which corroborates the familial assignment of our form.
Conclusions
The study of the morphology, and ontogenesis of a new brackish-water taxon increases the overall knowledge about the biodiversity of this ciliate group. It also adds to the genetic data available and further confirms the monophyly of family Deviatidae Foissner, 2016.
Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Stages According to Sentinel Lymph Nodes Involvement and Luminal Subtypes in Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: YILMAZ Latif , Kus Tulay , Aytekin Alper , Aktas Gokmen , Uzun Evren , Maralcan Gokturk 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for assessing axillary lymph node status in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients. However, the approach to axillary surgery after neoadjuvant treatment is still controversial. In this present study, our objective is to predict the pathological nodal stage based on the SLNB results and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who initially presented with clinical N1 positivity but converted to clinical N0 status after neaoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
Materials and Methods: After NAC, clinically node-negative150 patients were included The relationship between clinicopathologic parameters, the number of positive lymph nodes in SLNB and ALND was assessed through binary/multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results: Among 150 patients, 78 patients had negative SLNB and 72 patients had positive SLNB. No additional nodes positive at ALND ((y)pN1) varied among patients with SLNB 1+, 2+, and 3+ was 80.8%, 41.7%, and 13.6%, respectively. Following the detection of SLNB 1+ positivity, the rates of complete lymph node response ((y)pN1) were 75%, 100%, and 100%, in luminal A/B, HER-2 positive, and triple-negative subtypes, respectively. Lower T stage (T1-3 vs. T4), having fewer than 4 clinical nodes before NAC (<4 vs. ≥4), post-operative Ki-67 decrease (<10% vs. stable/increase), and being in the triple-negative or HER2-positive subgroup compared to Luminal A/B (Luminal A/B vs. HER2-positive/triple-negative) were found to be predictive parameters for (y)pN1 in both univariate and multivariate analyses.
Conclussion: The number of SLNB-positive nodes and tumor-related parameters as well as the response to treatment, may predict no additional nodes positive at ALND ((y)pN1).