bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learner Evaluation of an Immersive Virtual Reality Mass Casualty Incident Simulator for Triage Training
Authors: Way David P. , Panchal Ashish R. , Price Alan , Berezina-Blackburn Vita , Patterson Jeremy , McGrath Jillian , Danforth Douglas , Kman Nicholas E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
To minimize loss of life, modern mass casualty response requires swift identification, efficient triage categorization, and rapid hemorrhage control. Current training methods remain suboptimal. Our objective was to train first responders to triage a mass casualty incident using Virtual Reality (VR) simulation and obtain their impressions of the training’s quality and effectiveness.
We trained subjects in a triage protocol called Sort, Assess, Lifesaving interventions, and Treatment and/or Transport (SALT) Triage then had them respond to a terrorist bombing of a subway station using a fully immersive VR simulation. We gathered learner reactions to their VR experience and post-encounter debriefing with a custom electronic survey. The survey was designed to gather information about participants’ demographics and prior experience, including roles, triage training, and VR experience. We then asked them to evaluate the training and encounter and the system’s potential for training others.
Results
Nearly 400 subjects experienced the VR encounter and completed evaluation surveys. Subjects were primarily paramedics, but also included medical learners as well as other emergency medical service (EMS) professionals. Most participants (95%) recommended the experience for other first responders and rated the simulation (95%) and virtual patients (91%) as realistic. Ninety-four percent of participants rated the VR simulator as “excellent” or “good.” We observed some differences between emergency medical service and medical professionals with regard to their prior experience with disaster response training and their opinions on how much the experience contributed to their learning. We observed no differences between subjects with extensive VR experience and those without.
Conclusions
Our VR simulator is an automated, customizable, fully immersive virtual reality system for training and assessing personnel in the proper response to a mass casualty incident. Participants perceived the simulator as an adequate alternative to traditional triage and treatment training and believed that the simulator was realistic and effective for training. Prior experience with virtual reality was not a prerequisite for the use of this system.
Impact of transducer arrays on deep-site dosimetry in radiotherapy with concurrent TTFields for glioblastoma (extreme analysis)
Authors: Zheng Jiajun , Wang Zhi , Zhu Huanfeng , Guo Wenjie , Wu Jianfeng , Sun Li , Zong Dan , He Xia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective To study the impact of transducer arrays on the deep-site dosimetry of radiotherapy with concurrent tumor treating fields (TTFields) for glioblastoma.
Methods Firstly, the covering style of transducer arrays to CIRS-038 phantom was designed to simulate the "extreme situation": four arrays were attached to the phantom as a style similar with that in clinical scene and, meanwhile, to assure that layer of interest of CIRS-038 was surrounded by twelve electrodes (three in each array). Then, eight patients undergone glioblastoma radiotherapy were selected, and the planed dose of each patient was delivered to the phantom with dosimetry film inside without and with transducer arrays. For the phantom with arrays, CBCT was used to check the dedicated covering style before dose delivery. Finally, Gamma-based consistency analysis was performed for two dose distributions for each plan (without/with arrays).
Results The covering style of the TTFields array met the requirements in 8 cases before dose delivery. Gamma indexes under the four criteria (2%/2 mm, 2%/3 mm, 3%/2 mm and 3%/3 mm) were (93.16±5.16)%, (96.08±3.49)%, (96.77±2.54)% and (97.96±1.61)%, respectively.
Conclusion Even in extreme situation (twelve electrodes covering the same cross-section), the perturbation of the TTFields arrays to the deep-site dose distribution of the radiotherapy for glioblastoma is weak and acceptable.
Advanced glycation end products promote polycystic ovary syndrome by regulating AMH via PI3K/Akt/SF1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Jingling , Liu Minqi , Cheng Di , Zeng Zhaoming , Xie Yuanjie , Cen Liying , Huang Yuanjiao , Tan Yi , Mo Zhongcheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background：Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)and high concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are considered one of the primary causes of anovulation in women with PCOS. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear.
Method and Results: Ovarian granulosa cells (KGN cells) were treated with AGEs at different concentrations and times. The results showed that pretreatment with AGEs concentration-dependent and time-dependent affected the expression of AMH and SF1. PCNA expression was suppressed by AGEs treatment, and the ratio of the apoptosis-related protein Bax/Bcl2 was elevated. Tetrazolium colorimetric assay shows the same results. Granulosa cells caused by AGE to induce apoptosis could be significantly reversed in KGN cells transfected with AMH siRNA. AMH and the Bax/Bcl2 ratio expression were reduced after SF1 expression was inhibited. Inhibition of the PI3K upregulated PCNA, SF1 and AMH expression. Additionally, in ovarian tissues of AGEs group and PCOS group, the expression of AMH and SF1 increased, accompanied with marked up-regulation of the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt expression. And the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 increased, while the expression of PCNA was opposite.
Conclusions: AGEs increase the level of AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) in ovarian granulosa cells, promoting apoptosis and restricting cell proliferation, thus leading to PCOS in rats. Studies suggest that SF1 may be a crucial target for AGE-mediated AMH production, involving the phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Health Inequality due to Changes in Income Following COVID-19: Preventive Activity
Authors: Kim Ji Eun , Han Kyu-Tae , Kim Sun Jung 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Preventive measures are crucial for improving the survival and quality of life of patients and reducing healthcare costs. The COVID-19 pandemic has induced various social changes, including to socioeconomic status, behavior, and income. We evaluated changes in income following COVID-19 as well as the effects on individual engagement in preventive activities.
Methods
Data from the 2021 Community Health Survey were used to select individuals aged 30–65 years who were involved in economic activities. We used logistic regression models to evaluate associations between changes in household income following COVID-19 and engagement in preventive activities.
Results
Of the 89,992 study participants, 36,193 (36.3%) experienced a decrease in household income due to COVID-19. Compared to individuals who had stable or increased income due to COVID-19, those whose income declined had a lower likelihood of participating in preventive activities, including vaccination(OR: 0.824, 95% CI: 0.794–0.856), medical checkups(OR: 0.625, 95% CI: 0.596–0.656), and cancer screening(OR: 0.815, 95% CI: 0.782–0.849). These differences were particularly significant in men and younger individuals, without chronic diseases and who were less satisfied with medical infrastructure.
Conclusion
Individuals who experienced a decreased in income due to COVID-19 encountered challenges in participating in prevention programs, leading to health inequality. For individuals with low rates of preventive activity, it is crucial to implement measures that encourage screening, such as providing incentives for individuals.
The relationship between long-term exposure to environmental NO2 and HDL levels among middle-aged and older adults in China
Authors: fang lu , Zhao Shuju , Liang Peng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have confirmed that air pollution mixtures can lead to abnormal levels of lipid proteins in the body. With the continuous deepening of research, the specific effects of different components in air pollution mixtures on human health have gradually begun to be explored. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), as an essential component of air pollutants, hurts human health. Normal levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) play a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of environmental NO2 on HDL levels has yet to be further studied. Our study aims to explore the potential association between environmental NO2 exposure and HDL levels in middle-aged and elderly populations aged 45 and above in China.
Methods
Our research subjects are the third-wave China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) participants. This cross-sectional study analyzed the personal data of 12519 participants aged 45 and above with venous blood samples. The participants' high-quality and high-resolution NO2 exposure concentration data were obtained from the Chinese Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset, and the HDL levels were obtained from the analysis results of venous blood samples. Multiple linear regression analysis, supplemented by subgroup analysis, was used to explore the correlation between NO2 exposure concentration and HDL levels.
Results
This cross-sectional study found a negative correlation between long-term exposure to air NO2 and HDL levels. The observed correlation between air NO2 and HDL levels indicates that middle-aged and older adults living in areas with high NO2 concentrations exhibit a decrease in HDL levels (Beta: -0.132; 95% CI: (-0.153, -0.111); P < 0.0001). This association still exists after considering various potential confounding factors (Beta=-0.103, 95% CI: -0.124, -0.083, p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
Our research results show a significant negative correlation between long-term exposure to high concentrations of NO2 and HDL levels in the middle-aged and elderly population in China.
Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Time on Transfer Length in Pre-Stressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Naghipour Morteza , Daronkolae Kosar Kolagar , Yousefpour Hosein , Hasani Seiyed Mohammadreza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The effect of time on of transfer length variations in prestressed concrete elements has not been addressed in the current design codes of practice. The present investigation examines the effect of different parameters on transfer length over time. Therefore, a number of 13 pretensioned concrete beams were made in the laboratory with differences in beam cross-section and length, strand number and arrangement, concrete cover, and strand eccentricity. The 95% AMS technique was used to calculate transfer length. The results showed that transfer length of all beams increases over time, the highest measure was experienced between 14 and 28 days after strand detensioning. This value ranged between 2 and 5% in single-strand beams, and 12 to 14% in 10-strand beams. It was concluded that strand eccentricity has no considerable effect on the transfer length variations. The beam live end captured higher transfer lengths in most of the beams; however, strand arrangement and the amount of concrete cover were found to have the potential to shift higher transfer lengths to beam dead end. It was also revealed that beam length plays a significant role on transfer length, while longer beams featured larger transfer lengths. The percentage of increase in the transfer length in 10-strand beams after 14 days reached approximately twice that of the single-strand counterparts. The reason was associated with the number of strands, cross-sectional dimensions, and strand arrangement.
Global Insights: A Bibliometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Rehabilitation Worldwide
Authors: Azizan Azliyana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Rehabilitation plays a vital role in helping patients recover functionality after illness or injury. However, challenges remain in providing customized, accessible rehabilitation services. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques like machine learning are emerging as promising tools to enhance rehabilitation. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis to synthesize global growth trends, research foci, and collaborative patterns in AI rehabilitation research.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in Scopus and Web of Science databases to retrieve peer-reviewed publications on AI in rehabilitation from 2000-2022. Articles were analyzed using ScientoPy, VOSViewer and Biblioshiny to extract publication volume, citations, authorship, journals, conceptual themes, and country networks.
Results: The search yielded 315 articles with exponential growth since 2016. Machine learning and deep learning were dominant techniques applied in rehabilitation contexts like stroke. China led research productivity, but contributions came globally including the US, Italy, India and others. Core journals were IEEE Access and IEEE Transactions in neural engineering and informatics. Citation trends highlighted pioneering AI system studies as most impactful.
Conclusions: This bibliometric analysis provides the first detailed mapping of global AI rehabilitation research, revealing rapid advances primarily in algorithm development rather than clinical translation. Findings can guide future growth through: (1) increasing focus on real-world implementation, (2) expanding applications to more health conditions and populations, (3) fostering cross-country and cross-sector collaboration, and (4) promoting commercialization. Sustained international effort is key to realizing AI's potential in enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. This study offers an evidence base to track evolution and set priorities in this emerging interdisciplinary domain.
Designs of the divider and special multiplier optimizing T and CNOT gates
Authors: Fan Ping , Li Hai-sheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Quantum circuits for multiplication and division are necessary for scientific computing on quantum computers. Clifford + T circuits are widely used in fault-tolerant realizations. T gates are more expensive than other gates in Clifford + T circuits. But neglecting the cost of CNOT gates may lead to a significant underestimation. Moreover, the small number of qubits available in existing quantum devices is another constraint on quantum circuits. As a result, reducing T-count, T-depth, CNOT-count, CNOT-depth, and circuit width has become the important optimization goal. We use 3-bit Hermitian gates to design basic arithmetic operations. Then, we present a special multiplier and a divider using basic arithmetic operations, where 'special' means that one of the two operands of multiplication is non-zero. Next, we use new rules to optimize the Clifford + T circuits of the special multiplier and divider in terms of T-count, T-depth, CNOT-count, CNOT-depth, and circuit width. Comparative analysis shows that the proposed multiplier and divider have lower T-count, T-depth, CNOT-count, and CNOT-depth than the current works. For instance, the proposed 32-bit divider achieves improvement ratios of 40.41 percent, 31.64 percent, 45.27 percent, and 65.93 percent in terms of T-count, T-depth, CNOT-count, and CNOT-depth compared to the best current work. Further, the circuit widths of the proposed $n$-bit multiplier and divider are $3n$. I.e., our multiplier and divider reach the minimum width of multipliers and dividers, keeping an operand unchanged.
Deciphering the Geological Origins and Soil Properties of Loess-Like Silty Clay in the Yellow River's Middle and Lower Basins
Authors: Liu Zhenghao , Ma Xianfeng , Zhou Dingyi , Lu Linhai , Zhang Haihua , Bai Yujie , Han Han 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study systematically investigates the characteristics and geological genesis of loess-like silty clay in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The primary distribution of loess-like silty clay is revealed through field surveys, laboratory experiments, and previous literature reviews. The impact of the Yellow River's historical evolution on its sedimentary distribution is also examined. The chemical and physical properties of the loess-like silty clay were examined, in addition to investigations into its mineral composition, microstructural characteristics, and engineering mechanical properties, in order to enhance comprehension of its attributes and formation mechanisms. The research suggests that the distinctive soil environment in the area has been influenced by numerous instances of the Yellow River overflow and channel shifts over its history, as well as the impacts of climate change, geological factors, and human activities. The primary sources of material for the loess-like silty clay consist of loess, Hipparion Red Clay, and paleosol layers. The discussion also addresses the impact of regional climate on the formation of mineral components. The aforementioned findings hold significant implications for advancing the understanding of historical climatic and paleogeographic shifts, as well as for addressing engineering challenges associated with the distribution of loess-like silty clay.
An Analysis of Consumer Decision-Making in Mobile Payment Adoption: Exploring Influencing Factors
Authors: KAZAKOV TULKIN , Islam Mohammad Fakhrul , OSMAN ESAM , HOSSAIN MD BILLAL 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Despite every one of the upsides of mobile payment services (MPs), they are unutilized by a sizable client base. This paper analyzes the central drivers of utilizing MPs for purchasing purposes from the consumers' point of view in Uzbekistan. Given the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study built up a seven-figure model to uncover the determinants of customers' goals to utilize MPs. Risk, social influence, trust, hedonic motivation, and attitude were included in the conventional two-figure TAM show (system usefulness and facilitating conditions). 300 respondents in Uzbekistan were selected, and 276 substantial responses were incorporated into the analysis. The regression results applied that customers' goal to utilize MPs for purchasing purposes is impacted by trust, system usefulness, social influence, risk, hedonic motivation, and attitude. Facilitating conditions were not significant interestingly which is the most distinct finding of that particular study. the most grounded determinant of customers' acceptance of MPs. In light of the findings, the review demonstrates a few complications. Six factors (trust, system usefulness, social influence, risk, hedonic motivation, and attitude) can fill in as rules to support customers' adoption of MPs.
The CYP17A1 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs743572 in Iraqi polycystic ovary syndrome patients
Authors: Albedairy Iman H. , Aljawad Mohammed F. , AL-Shammari Jasim M. , Alshareefi Alyaa F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been found to be one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. Genetic factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. CYP17A1 gene coded for (steroid-17-α hydroxylase/17, 20 lyase) is responsible for androgenesis. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship of CYP17A1 polymorphism with polycystic ovarian syndrome susceptibility from Iraqi women. A case-control association study involving 83 healthy participants and 80 PCOS patients was carried out. Using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, the restriction endonuclease MSpAI was used to genotype the SNP rs743572 (T/C) polymorphism on genomic DNA. The statistical analysis was conducted to identify the CYP17A1 polymorphism in PCOS. The most frequent genotypes in patients and control were (T/T) and (T/C) respectively, while (T) the most frequent allele in both patients and control. The inheritance of this SNP in PCOS was under codominant, additive and dominant models. Ultimately, it has been demonstrated that the C allele provided protection. The ‘TT’ genotype was associated with PCOS patients. Further studies need to include more samples to find out the effect of this SNP on PCOS patients.
Polarization of Religious Issues in Indonesia’s Social Media Society and Its Impact on Social Conflict
Authors: Faizin Barzan , Fitri Susanti Ainul , AS Enjang , Maylawati Dian Sa’adillah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this new media era, people use social media to share information and discuss political, social, and religious issues that have pros and cons groups. In Twitter’s hashtags and tweets, religious issues frequently trigger a hot conversation that leads to netizen disputes and street movements in society. This study is intended to reveal the religious issues that often trigger polarization among Twitter users and how they influence horizontal conflict in society. This research applies mixed-method with social media analytics to conceal religious issues in Indonesia's social media society. The data collection was done by crawling data from the Indonesian Twitter users’ tweets regarding religious issues hashtags, which is a reference for further analysis. The research findings show that the top ten religious issues widely discussed based on 23,433 Twitter users’ tweets are the hashtags (#) salafi, wahabi, intoleransi (intolerance), komunisme (communism), taliban, anti-Pancasila, politisasi agama (politicization of religion), politik identitas (identity politics), radikalisme (radicalism), and pro khilafah. In many social conversation networks, the issues are related to each other and other issues of political figures, the three presidential candidates, the general election, and the Republic of Indonesia presidential election in 2024. And concerning these issues, Twitter users believe that the issues, good or bad, do not influence them. However, they believe that religious issues impact horizontal conflicts in society. Finally, it is hoped that further studies will elaborate on religious issues on other social media to capture the big picture of how netizens perceive religious issues.