bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen bonding and solvatochromatic shift of the lowest 1(n, π*) excitation of s‐tetrazine in its hydrated clusters and dilute solutions
Authors: Xie Daiqian , Zeng Jun 
Published: June 2004

AbstractHydrogen bonding involving azine and its derivatives such as nucleic bases is very important for understanding the structure and function of biological systems. In this work, we have investigated the hydrogen bonding structures of the hydrated cluster and dilute aqueous solution of s‐tetrazine using computer simulation techniques, and evaluated the absorption and fluorescence shifts of the lowest 1(n, π*) excitation of s‐tetrazine solution using our solvent shift method. For the s‐tetrazine–water cluster, a linear orthodox hydrogen bond arrangement is predicted in both ground and excited states with small structural and energetic differences, and a bifurcated hydrogen bond isomerization is anticipated. Further, ab initio calculations have verified these conformations. For the s‐tetrazine–water solution, a mixture of two hydrogen bonding arrangements is found to be in both ground and excited states, resulting in small magnitudes of absorption and fluorescence solvent shifts. This finalizes our series investigation of hydrogen bonding and solvent shifts of dilute azines in water. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 1487–1494, 2004
In silico analysis of gene expression profiles in the olfactory mucosae of aging senescence‐accelerated mice
Authors: Getchell Thomas V. , Peng Xuejun , Green C. Paul , Stromberg Arnold J. , Chen Kuey‐Chu , Mattson Mark P. , Getchell Marilyn L. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe utilized high‐density Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays to investigate gene expression in the olfactory mucosae of near age‐matched aging senescence‐accelerated mice (SAM). The senescence‐prone (SAMP) strain has a significantly shorter lifespan than does the senescence‐resistant (SAMR) strain. To analyze our data, we applied biostatistical methods that included a correlation analysis to evaluate sources of methodologic and biological variability; a two‐sided t‐test to identify a subpopulation of Present genes with a biologically relevant P‐value <0.05; and a false discovery rate (FDR) analysis adjusted to a stringent 5% level that yielded 127 genes with a P‐value of <0.001 that were differentially regulated in near age‐matched SAMPs (SAMP‐Os; 13.75 months) compared to SAMRs (SAMR‐Os, 12.5 months). Volcano plots related the variability in the mean hybridization signals as determined by the two‐sided t‐test to fold changes in gene expression. The genes were categorized into the six functional groups used previously in gene profiling experiments to identify candidate genes that may be relevant for senescence at the genomic and cellular levels in the aging mouse brain (Lee et al. [2000] Nat Genet 25:294–297) and in the olfactory mucosa (Getchell et al. [2003] Ageing Res Rev 2:211–243), which serves several functions that include chemosensory detection, immune barrier function, xenobiotic metabolism, and neurogenesis. Because SAMR‐Os and SAMP‐Os have substantially different median lifespans, we related the rate constant α in the Gompertz equation on aging to intrinsic as opposed to environmental mechanisms of senescence based on our analysis of genes modulated during aging in the olfactory mucosa. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Upregulation of annexins I, II, and V after traumatic spinal cord injury in adult rats
Authors: Liu Naikui , Han Shu , Lu Pei‐Hua , Xu Xiao‐Ming 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe posttraumatic inflammatory reaction contributes to progressive tissue damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). Annexins, a family of structurally related calcium‐ and phospholipid‐binding proteins, have potent anti‐inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a key enzyme responsible for inflammation and cytotoxicity. We investigated spatiotemporal expression of annexins I, II, and V after a contusive SCI using the New York University impact device (a 10‐g rod, height 12.5 mm) in adult rats. Western blot analysis revealed that annexin I expression increased at 3 days after injury, peaked at 7 days (1.75‐fold above the baseline level; P < 0.01), started to decline at 14 days, and returned to the baseline level at and beyond 28 days post‐injury. The expression of annexin II started to increase at 3 days, reached its maximal level at 14 days (2.73‐fold; P < 0.01), remained at a high level up to 28 days, and then declined to the basal level by 56 days after injury. Annexin V expression started at 3 days, reached its maximal level at 7 days (1.61‐fold; P < 0.05) and remained at this level until 56 days after injury. RT‐PCR results confirmed expression of all three annexins at the mRNA level after SCI. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double‐labeling analyses revealed that increased annexins I, II, and V were localized in neurons and glial cells. The present study thus revealed increased expression of the three annexin isoforms after moderate contusive SCI. The precise role of annexins in posttraumatic inflammation and neuroprotection after SCI remains to be determined. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stable isotopes in obesity research
Authors: Dolnikowski Gregory G. , Marsh Julian B. , Das Sai Krupa , Welty Francine K. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObesity is recognized as a major public health problem. Obesity is a multifactorial disease and is often associated with a wide range of comorbidities including hypertension, non‐insulin dependent (Type II) diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease, all of which contribute to morbidity and mortality. This review deals with stable isotope mass spectrometric methods and the application of stable isotopes to metabolic studies of obesity. Body composition and total energy expenditure (TEE) can be measured by mass spectrometry using stable isotope labeled water, and the metabolism of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate can be measured using appropriate labeled tracer molecules. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 24:311–327, 2005
Botulinum toxin type A therapy during pregnancy
Authors: Newman William J. , Davis Thomas L. , Padaliya Bismal B. , Covington Cassondra D. , Gill Chandler E. , Abramovitch Anna I. , Charles P. David 
Published: June 2004

AbstractInjection with botulinum toxin type A (Botox) is a safe and efficacious treatment for idiopathic cervical dystonia. We present the first case report of clinical Botox treatment during pregnancy. This patient underwent four apparently uncomplicated full‐term pregnancies while receiving regular Botox treatments. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Putaminal cavernous angioma presenting with hemichorea
Authors: Donmez Berril , Çakmur Raif , Uysal Utku , Men Süleyman 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe report on a 63‐year‐old man presenting with hemichorea on his right side. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left putaminal cavernoma. To our knowledge this is the first report of such a case caused by contralateral putaminal cavernous angioma. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Epilepsia partialis continua of the abdominal muscles: A detailed electrophysiological study of a case
Authors: Fernández‐Torre José L. , Calleja Jesús , Pascual Julio , Galdós Pilar , De Pablos Carmen , Berciano José 
Published: June 2004

AbstractWe describe the clinical and electrophysiological features of an elderly woman presenting with persistent clonic twitching of the abdominal muscles that were considered to represent a rare manifestation of epilepsia partialis continua due to a metastatic cortical lesion. © 2004 Movement Disorder Society
Simulation of crack growth in composite material shell structures
Authors: Charoenphan S. , Plesha M. E. , Bank L. C. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis paper implements a domain integral energy method for modelling crack growth in composite material shell structures using the finite element method. Volume integral expressions to evaluate the dynamic energy release rate in a through‐thickness three‐dimensional crack are derived. Using the domain integral, the energy release rate computation is implemented in the DYNA3D explicit non‐linear dynamic finite element analysis program wherein crack propagation is modelled by releasing the constraints between initially constrained node pairs. The implementation enables the program to either determine the energy resistance response for the material (provided experimental data is available) or predict the rate of crack propagation in shell structures. The numerical implementation was verified by simulating mode I and mode III slow crack growth problems in semi‐infinite transversely isotropic media, for which analytic solutions are available. Oscillations of energy following the release of nodal constraints as the crack propagates in discrete increments were suppressed using light mass proportional damping and a moving averaging scheme. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neonatal prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Shah Amar , Parashar Karan , English Martin , Chandran Harish 
Published: June 2004

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma is one of the commonest soft tissue sarcomas of childhood, but neonatal presentation is extremely rare. This limited experience means there are no clear treatment guidelines in this age group. The authors report a boy with recurrent attacks of hematuria commencing in the neonatal period, which were shown to be from a prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of neonatal rhabdomyosarcoma in this site. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statistical sequence analyses of G‐protein‐coupled receptors: Structural and functional characteristics viewed with periodicities of entropy, hydrophobicity, and volume
Authors: Imai Takashi , Fujita Norihisa 
Published: June 2004

AbstractG‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in signal transduction and receive a wide variety of ligands. GPCRs are a major target in drug design, as nearly 50% of all contemporary medicines act on GPCRs. GPCRs are membrane proteins possessing a common structural feature, seven transmembrane helices. In order to design an effective drug to act on a GPCR, knowledge of the three‐dimensional (3D) structure of the target GPCR is indispensable. However, as GPCRs are membrane bound, their 3D structures are difficult to obtain. Thus we conducted statistical sequence analyses to find information about 3D structure and ligand binding using the receptors' primary sequences. We present statistical sequence analyses of 270 human GPCRs with regard to entropy (Shannon entropy in sequence alignment), hydrophobicity and volume, which are associated with the α‐helical periodicity of the accessibility to the surrounding lipid. We found periodicity such that the phase changes once in the middle of each transmembrane region, both in the entropy plot and in the hydrophobicity plot. The phase shift in the entropy plot reflects the variety of ligands and the generality of the mechanism of signal transduction. The two periodic regions in the hydrophobicity plot indicate the regions facing the hydrophobic lipid chain and the polar phospholipid headgroup. We also found a simple periodicity in the plot of volume deviation, which suggests conservation of the stable structural packing among the transmembrane helices. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Potential folding–function interrelationship in proteins
Authors: Barzilai Adi , Kumar Sandeep , Wolfson Haim , Nussinov Ruth 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe possibility is addressed that protein folding and function may be related via regions that are critical for both folding and function. This approach is based on the building blocks folding model that describes protein folding as binding events of conformationally fluctuating building blocks. Within these, we identify building block fragments that are critical for achieving the native fold. A library of such critical building blocks (CBBs) is constructed. Then, it is asked whether the functionally important residues fall in these CBB fragments. We find that for over two‐thirds of the proteins in our library with available functional information, the catalytic or binding site residues lie within the CBB regions. From the evolutionary standpoint, a folding–function relationship is advantageous, since the need to guard against mutations is limited to one region. Furthermore, conformationally similar CBBs are found in globally unrelated proteins with different functions. Hence, substituting CBBs may lead to designed proteins with altered functions. We further find that the CBBs in our library are conformationally unstable. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prediction of protein tertiary structure using PROFESY, a novel method based on fragment assembly and conformational space annealing
Authors: Lee Julian , Kim Seung‐Yeon , Joo Keehyoung , Kim Ilsoo , Lee Jooyoung 
Published: June 2004

AbstractA novel method for ab initio prediction of protein tertiary structures, PROFESY (PROFile Enumerating SYstem), is proposed. This method utilizes the secondary structure prediction information of a query sequence and the fragment assembly procedure based on global optimization. Fifteen‐residue‐long fragment libraries are constructed using the secondary structure prediction method PREDICT, and fragments in these libraries are assembled to generate full‐length chains of a query protein. Tertiary structures of 50 to 100 conformations are obtained by minimizing an energy function for proteins, using the conformational space annealing method that enables one to sample diverse low‐lying local minima of the energy. We apply PROFESY for benchmark tests to proteins with known structures to demonstrate its feasibility. In addition, we participated in CASP5 and applied PROFESY to four new‐fold targets for blind prediction. The results are quite promising, despite the fact that PROFESY was in its early stages of development. In particular, PROFESY successfully provided us the best model‐one structure for the target T0161. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunologically demonstrable hormones and hormone‐like molecules in rat white blood cells and mast cells
Authors: Csaba G. , Kovács P , Pállinger Éva 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe presence or absence of four biologically active hormone or hormone‐like molecules was studied in rat immune cells using specific antibodies with flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was not demonstrable at all, digoxin was present only in blood lymphocytes, and insulin was found in the monocyte‐macrophage‐granulocyte group in peritoneal fluid and thymic lymphocytes. Immunologically demonstrable triiodothyronine (T3) was present in all cells studied (lymphocytes, mast cells and monocyte‐macrophage‐granulocytes in peritoneal fluid and blood, and thymic lymphocytes). While there is no explanation of the presence of digoxin and insulin, it is assumed that T3 is an extrathyroidal source of the hormone that is needed for maintaining cell proliferation and normal status in the immune system, particularly as it is absent in the case of transitional or durable thyroid deficiency.
Management of Ludwig's Angina with Small Neck Incisions: 18 Years Experience
Authors: Bross‐Soriano Daniel , Arrieta‐Gómez José R. , Prado‐Calleros Héctor , Schimelmitz‐Idi Jose , Jorba‐Basave Santiago 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVETo review Ludwig's angina medical and surgical approach with small incisions.STUDY DESIGNRetrospective, open, noncomparative, longitudinal.METHODSAll patients with Ludwig's angina who received medical, metabolic, airway management, and surgical treatment from January 1, 1983 to December 31, 2000.STUDIED PARAMETERSAntibiotic treatment, surgical treatment, hospitalization time, associated diseases, etiologic factors, recuperation time.RESULTSAge range was 18 to 87 years, with a female‐to‐male ratio of 1.1:1 (68 females, 53 males). Thirty patients belonged to middle or high socio‐economic status. The primary site of infection was odontogenic in 107 of the patients. All the patients were managed with surgical drainage made within the first 12 hours after hospital admission. The most common antibiotic treatments were the combination of clindamycin with crystalline penicillin G. The hospital stay for more than half of patients was 6 days or less. In 62 patients we found extension into the parapharyngeal space and in 32 cases we found retropharyngeal extension of the Ludwig's angina. Forty‐six patients had or were diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. Tracheotomy was required in 34 patients. The airway of the rest of patients was controlled with nasotracheal intubation. Only 33 patients had major complications, such as mediastinitis, sepsis, or death.CONCLUSIONS: Drainage using small incisions is a safe and effective method as part of treatment of Ludwig's angina. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130:712‐7.)
Image‐Guided Radiosurgery of Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Ryu Samuel , Khan Mumtaz , Yin Fang‐Fang , Concus Adrianne , Ajlouni Munther , Benninger Michael S. , Kim Jae Ho 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVESRadiosurgery precisely delivers a single high dose or a few fractionated doses of radiation to a localized tumor via the stereotactic approach. Some head and neck sites are suitable for radiosurgery since there is minimal or no organ motion. The clinical studies were carried out to determine the accuracy of stereotactic radiosurgery and to demonstrate the effectiveness of radiosurgery in head and neck cancers.MATERIALS AND METHODSThirteen patients were treated with either single‐dose or fractionated radio‐surgery to the tumor. All patients except one with cancer of the lip had received prior treatments including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for the primary cancers. The dose ranged 12 to 18 Gy for single‐dose radiosurgery and 30 Gy in 5 or 6 fractions twice a week for fractionated radiosurgery. Tumor localization was achieved via the stereotactic approach.RESULTSAccuracy of radiosurgery was within 1.5 mm. Despite the recurrent disease from previous heavy treatments, 9 patients (70%) showed a significant response (complete or >50% tumor reduction) to radiosurgery, and 3 patients had stable disease. Complete tumor response was achieved in 6 patients. All patients had excellent pain relief with functional and cosmetic preservation. There was no acute and subacute radiation toxicity detected clinically during the minimal follow‐up of 6 months.CONCLUSIONImage‐guided radiosurgery is effective in achieving the local tumor control and pain relief. Radiosurgery provided excellent functional and cosmetic preservation with minimal complication. The results indicate the potential of radiosurgery in the treatment of recurrent and selected primary head and neck cancers. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130:690‐7.)
Genotype and Phenotype of Glutathione‐S‐Transferase in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma
Authors: Konig‐Greger Diemut , Riechelmann Herbert , Wittich Uta , Gronau Silke 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVEAssociation of glutathione‐S‐transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms and cancer has been demonstrated. Possible underlying mechanisms and genotype‐phenotype correlations are not adequately investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the GSTM1‐null‐genotype on the level of GSTM enzyme concentration and on the enzyme activity of GST in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).METHODSWe investigated in 83 patients and 91 healthy controls the GSTM1 polymorphisms, GSTM1 protein concentration, GSTM1 protein in tumor tissues, and total GST enzyme activity.RESULTSTotal GST enzyme activity was significantly lower in patients with HNC (208 ± 9 μmol/min1) than in controls (264 ± 11 μmol/min1, P < 0.0001) but did not depend on GSTM1‐genotype (P = 0.1). GSTM protein concentration in null‐genotype patients (3.6 ± 2.5 μg/mL, mean ± SE) was significantly lower than in GSTM1 allele carriers (26.7 ± 9.6 μg/ml, P < 0.0001); GSTM protein expression did not depend on GSTM1‐genotype (P > 0.5).CONCLUSION: GST enzyme activity in patients with HNC is suppressed, indicating impaired detoxification capacity of tobacco‐smoke‐related carcinogens. This suppression is not correlated with the GSTM1‐genotype. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130:718‐25.)
Survival of Veterans With Sleep Apnea: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Versus Surgery
Authors: Weaver Edward M. , Maynard Charles , Yueh Bevan 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVESContinuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves sleep apnea survival. We tested whether CPAP is associated with better survival than uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis retrospective cohort database study included all sleep apnea patients treated with CPAP or UPPP in Veteran Affairs facilities from October 1997 through September 2001. Treatment groups were compared with Cox regression, adjusting for age, gender, race, year treatment was initiated, and comorbidity. Sleep apnea severity and CPAP use data were not available.RESULTSBy September 2002, 1339 (7.1%) of 18, 754 CPAP patients and 71 (3.4%) of 2,072 UPPP patients were dead (P < 0.001). After adjustment, CPAP patients had 31% (95% confidence interval, 3% to 67%, P = 0.03) higher probability of being dead at any time, relative to UPPP patients.CONCLUSIONSUPPP confers a survival advantage over CPAP, after adjustment for age, gender, race, year of treatment, and comorbidity. However, we were unable to adjust for sleep apnea severity or CPAP use. Surgical treatment should be considered in sleep apnea patients who use CPAP inadequately. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004;130: 659‐65.)
Concurrent Laryngeal Abnormalities in Patients with Paradoxical Vocal Fold Dysfunction
Authors: Patel Nalin J. , Jorgensen Carol , Kuhn Joan , Merati Albert L. 
Published: June 2004

OBJECTIVEOur goal was to investigate the presence of laryngeal abnormalities is patients with paradoxical vocal fold dysfunction (PVFD).STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGA retrospective chart review was performed of patients referred for evaluation of paradoxical vocal fold dysfunction between July 2002 and December 2002. The patients completed questionnaires at the time of the office visit. Data collected from the medical record included age, gender, duration of symptoms before evaluation, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, and laryngoscopic findings. Exercise stress test was performed when suitable. The diagnosis of PVFD was made based on patient history and laryngoscopy.RESULTSThirty patients were identified. There was a 27:3 (90%) female predominance, and mean age of presentation at was 28 years (range, 12 to 67 years). The median time from the onset of respiratory symptoms to diagnosis was 4.5 years (range, 0.5 to 30 years). Of the 30 patients, 17 (56%) had asthma, 16 had laryngeal findings suggestive of gastroesophageal reflex disease, 4 (12%) had laryngoscopic findings of chronic laryngitis, and 10 (33%) had additional findings, including laryngomalacia, vocal fold motion impairment, sulcus vocalis, nodules, and subglottic stenosis, mostly in the exercise‐induced group.CONCLUSIONSConcomitant laryngeal abnormalities are present in a many patients with PVFD, particularly in those with exercise‐induced symptoms. Laryngoscopy is important in the management of these patients. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004; 130:686‐9.)