bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory impairment effect of Cannabidiol Oil and Prednisolone Treatment: Alteration of Neuro-oxidant markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Hippocampus of Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Mobisson Samuel Kelechi , Wopara Iheanyichukwu , Onyebuagu Peter Chukwuma , Woha James Boohondah , Okwakpam Felicia N. , Madu Emmanuel Chibuikem , Ibe Fidelis Udochukwu , Monye Justin Bonaparte , Abaka OtoAbasi Sunday , Obembe Agona Odeh , Nwafor Arthur Chuemere 
Published: February 2024

Background: There have been conflicting reports on the effect of Cannabis products on learning and memory. Hence this study investigated CBD oil's and prednisolone treatment's cognitive impact on cadmium-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Methods: Forty rats weighing between 150g to 200g were assigned into 8 groups (1-8) of five animals each. Group A control, Group B-H received 1mg/kg body weight prednisolone; 1.5mg/kg Cadmium; 1mg/kg pred+0.2mg/kg CBD-oil; 0.2mg/kg CBDoil+2mg/kg cadmium; 3mg/kg pred+2mg/kg cadmium; 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil respectively. The administration was done using gavage for 14 days. A T-maze test apparatus was used to determine the latency of object recognition before and after administration.
Results: There was a significant decrease in latency of object recognition in prednisolone, cadmium, and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil treated groups than control after administration. Calcium ion significantly (P<0.05) increased in the cadmium+ 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil treated group and decreased in the pred+CBD-oil group compared to the control. Acetylcholinesterase significantly (P<0.05) increased in prednisolone, pred+cadmium, and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil treated groups and decreased in cadmium, pred.+CBD-oil, cadmium+CBD-oil, and 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil treated groups compared to control. Catalase significantly increased in pred+cadmium, 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil, and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil treated groups compared to control. SOD significantly decreased in the treatment groups than the control. Malondialdehyde significantly increased in cadmium, pred+CBD-oil, cadmium+CBD-oil, 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil, and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil than control. Glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased in treated groups compared to control. Reduced glutathione significantly decreased across treated groups than the control. Histology of the hippocampus revealed visible pathologic changes in pred+cadmium, 0.1mg/kg CBD-oil, and 0.2mg/kg CBD-oil treated groups with cellular vacuolization, Perivascular leucocyte infiltration, and pycnotic nuclei, indicating slight inflammation and detrimental effects of the treatment in the histoarchitecture of the hippocampus.
Conclusions: CBD oil, prednisolone, and cadmium administration at different doses induced biochemical alterations, and exacerbated cognitive and neurobehavioral decline by enhancing oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase activity, and alteration in the cytoarchitecture of the hippocampus
From Being Literate about Health to Becoming Capable of Achieving Health: Health literacy capabilities of Zimbabwean school youth
Authors: Micklesson Martin , Usai Tecklah , Chinofunga Dorothy , Oljans Emma 
Published: February 2024

Food security is an enduring sustainability challenge in the Southern African region. Food availability, accessibility and affordability have profound health impacts and affect the quality of life of a substantial proportion of the world’s population. This article aims to explore, together with students in educational settings, questions about the relationships between food and health, including the contextual conditions of food availability, accessibility and affordability. This provides opportunities to re-embody food by contextualising it as part of natural and built environments, thus engaging with how challenges of human health intersect with animal and environmental health. The research centres on co-creating knowledge with youth based on their valued beings and doings about health and considers how their health goals relate to food and the sustainability challenges of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). By considering how youths’ understandings, evaluations and decisions regarding health, including setting health goals, intersect with the determinants of food, we come to consider their health literacy capabilities to achieve nonpredetermined health goals that align with their valued beings and doings. As such, the implementation gap between knowing and doing is bridged through practices of health and well-being contextually grounded in the lives and experiences of the student youth.
Keywords: health literacy, health education, capabilities approach, antimicrobial resistance, knowledge co-creation
Prevalence and risk factors of canine dirofilariasis in Kano metropolis, Kano State Nigeria
Authors: Abba I.A. , Kabir J. , Kabir L. 
Published: February 2024

Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis causes heartworm disease and invasive human filariasis. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for the acquisition of canine dirofilariasis in dogs in Kano metropolis, Kano state, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 170 dogs of 6 months and above in Kano metropolis and tested by the Modified Knott’s technique for circulating microfilaria, an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay in order to detect the presence of filarial antigens of D. immitis as evidence of occult infection. A pre-tested, structured questionnaire was administered to each of the dog owner to obtain demographic, management and environmental information associated with each dog sampled. Test for association and hypothesized factors was determined and the its strength was tested using a binary logistic regression. Out of the 170 dogs tested, 17 (10.00%) were positive for D. immitis infection with the Modified Knott’s technique. However, after subjecting the samples for antigen detection by ELISA tests 23 (13.53%) were positive for D. immitis antigen, giving a sero-prevalence of 13.50%. There was agreement between the two tests on the 17 microfilaria positive samples. Majority of the infected dogs were males (56.5%), aged 24-47 months (43.50%) and of local breed (65.2%). There was significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between D. immitis infection and dogs usage, breed and dogs with stagnant water (gutters) close to their houses (OR= (9.714; 95% CI (1.179-80.024)), OR=5.33; 95% CI (1.349-21.079), OR= 5.775; 95% CI (0.697- 47.832),respectively. The study established that D. immitis infection is prevalent (13.53%) in household dogs indicating the possibility of zoonotic transmission in Kano metropolis. This demands for intensified vector control and good dog management practices to reduce dog to dog and dog to human transmission.
Parasitism and rumen impaction in a 5-month–old Yankasa ewe: A clinico-pathological report
Authors: Sani N.A. , Mobolaji A.A. , Abalaka S.E. , Tenuche O.Z. , Adeiza M.A. , Ejiofor C.E. , Lawal R.J. , Kolawole V.O. , Olayemi O.D. 
Published: February 2024

We report concurrent acariosis, helminthosis and foreign body rumen impaction of multiple aetiologies in a 5-month-old Yankasa ewe from a multispecies flock on semiintensive management system. The clinical findings were tachycardia, hypothermia, bradypnea, diarrhoea, emaciation, lethargy, pale mucous membranes, and heavy tick infestation attached to the skin of the forelimb, hind limb, inguinal region, and the ears. Severe non-regenerative anaemia, marked neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia characterized the blood picture. The ewe was treated for endo and ectoparasites, along with fluid therapy. However, the ewe died in the course of treatment and the carcass was subsequently presented for necropsy. Gross findings included the presence of numerous ticks attached to the skin of the outer ears and interdigits, indigestible foreign materials in the rumen and numerous worms in the rumen, abomasum and the intestine. Laboratory analysis revealed that the ticks were Rhipicephalus sp. and Amblyomma sp. The rumen worms were identified as Paramphistomum sp., the worms from the abomasum were identified as Haemonchus contortus, and those of the intestine were identified as Moniezia expansa. Histopathologically, there was hypertrophy of the chief cells of the abomasum. There was a section of Haemonchus contortus surrounded by eosinophils within the mucosa of the abomasum. The villi of the intestine sloughed-off into the lumen. Based on the clinicopathological findings, the diagnoses of acariosis, helminthosis and foreign body rumen impaction were arrived at. The remaining animals in the herd were treated accordingly and the farmer was advised to ensure good farm management practices.
Rectal temperature and body surface temperature rhythm in Red Sokoto goats infected with <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i> during the rainy season
Authors: Adeiza A.A. , Umar Y.A. , Vantsawa P.A. 
Published: February 2024

There are limited studies on circadian rhythmicity in farm animals affected by protozoan diseases. The rectal temperature (RT) and body surface temperature (BST) rhythmic patterns in experimental Trypanosoma evansi-infected Red Sokoto goats (T. evansiinfected RSG) July – September were evaluated. Five goats were assigned to each experimental group, with group I as the negative control (CRSG), while animals in group II were individually infected with about 2.0x106 /2ml T. evansi-inoculum. Temperature reaction patterns were monitored by digital clinical and infrared thermometry. The RT and BST of goats, the ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH) inside the pen were measured at 06:00, 12:00 and 18:00 hours (GMT+1) three times a week for 12 weeks. The AT had maximum, minimum and mean values of 27.0°C, 24.2°C and 25.6±0.26°C, respectively, while RH had maximum, minimum and mean values of 94.5%, 53.6% and 80.5±11.5%, respectively. Results obtained, via the application of a single Cosinor procedure showed that the RT and BST exhibited daily rhythmicity in both groups with the pattern distorted in T. evansi-infected RSG which showed an ascent from the 5th to the 10th week. The rhythmic characteristic of RT of the T. evansi-infected RSG showed that the mesor and amplitude were higher (p˂0.05) than those recorded for CRSG. Both groups showed no difference (p˃0.05) in acrophase. The eye region in both groups showed the highest BST, while the coronary band had the lowest. The result, for the first time, reported rhythmicity of RT and BST in T. evansi- infected goats under tropical conditions. The results obtained from our study may be useful for the early screening, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of protozoan diseases.
Gross and histological studies of the female reproductive tract of the spur-winged goose (<i>Plectropterus gambensis</i>)
Authors: Majama Y.B. , Wulgo A.M. , Asuku S.O. , Mustapha A.U. 
Published: February 2024

The extinction of most wild avian species is becoming apprehensive and some water fowls like the spur-winged goose (Plectropterus gambensis) may represent a good model for research, to advance wildlife conservation of related avian species. Currently, there are no baseline information regarding the anatomic characteristics of the reproductive tract of this species, hence; the present study aimed at investigating the gross and histological features of the ovary and oviduct of the wild spur-winged goose. A total of five female adults spur-winged geese with ages between eight to ten months old were used for this study. The bird were purchased from a farm and transported to the Laboratory for quick decapitation and tissue processing. The birds were allowed to acclimatized for seven days, before humanely sacrificed by quick cervical dislocation and reproductive organs (ovary and oviduct) were harvested for both gross and histological evaluations. Thereafter, the ovary and oviduct were fixed, and stained with H & E for light microscopic evaluation using DB2 -180M Digital Biological Microscope at different magnifications (×40, ×100, and ×400). The gross finding on the ovary revealed that it is ovoid in shape and appeared as a cluster of sacs showing yellowish to whitish follicles of different sizes and have a poorly defined oviductal segment. The oviduct appeared to be the longest part of the female reproductive tract (12.5-14.5cm). Histologically, the ovary is characterized by a membrana granulosa surrounding the oocytes at various stages of development. Also, the oviduct is by simple cuboidal to columnar ciliated secretory epithelium, and connects the ovary to the cloaca as a thin and un-convoluted tube. In conclusion, this study provided valuable information to serve as a baseline model to further research and understand the reproductive anatomy of other related domestic and wild waterfowl species.
Mir-186 inhibits the proliferation and growth of multiple myeloma cells by targeting Jagged-1 expression
Authors: Dong Jinfeng , Zheng Xiaoqiang 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To investigate the suppressive influence of mir-186 on multiplication and growth of multiple myeloma (MM), as well as the processes involved.Methods: The U266 cells were divided into control, mir-186 overexpression, and inhibition groups. The latter two were transfected with mir-186 agent and antagonist, respectively. Cell viability, colony formation potential, cell cycle ratio, and Jagged-1 mRNA and protein levels were measured using various assays.Results: Cell growth increased over time in all groups. However, mir-186 overexpression cells showed significantly decreased growth and colony formation capacity, relative to control, while the mir-186 inhibition cells showed significantly higher growth and colony formation capacity. The study revealed a higher proportion of G0/G1 stage cells and lower proportion of S-phase cells in mir-186 overexpression cells than in control cells. The opposite effect was seen in mir-186 inhibition cells. Jagged-1 protein and mRNA levels were significantly lower in mir-186 overexpression cells and higher in mir-186 inhibition cells than in control group. The Jagged-1 knockout group showed significantly higher Jagged-1 mRNA and protein levels than both the control and mir-186 overexpression groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: When overexpressed, mir-186 inhibits the growth of multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting cell colony-formation capacity and by regulating cell cycle through mir-186-induced regulation of the expression of Jagged-1. there is need for more research to confirm the clinical benefits of therapies based on these findings.
Cytotoxicity of luteolin, a flavonoid compound isolated from <i>Anthemis palestina</i>
Authors: Tabaza Yahia Z. , Seong Zuh-Kyung , Kim Young-Mi , Alshaer Walhan , Aburjai Talal A. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To determine the active principle responsible for the cytotoxic effect of Anthemis palestina (Reut. ex Kotschy) Reut. ex Boiss. (Asteraceae).
Methods: A bioassay-guided fractionation was used to isolate the active principle, luteolin, which structure was elucidated using 1H and 13C NMR. The cytotoxic effects of luteolin and doxorubicin (positive control) in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, and in normal fibroblasts, were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
Results: Luteolin was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts of Anthemis palestina. With an IC50 value of 14.91 ± 5.77 µM for MDA-MB-231 cells, luteolin was less active than doxorubicin. However, with respect to MCF-7 cells, there was no significant difference in the cytotoxicity values of luteolin and doxorubicin, with IC50 value of 29.28 ± 11.85 µM for luteolin. However, with an IC50 value of 51.39 ± 18.51 µM against fibroblasts, luteolin was significantly safer than doxorubicin.
Conclusion: Luteolin might be responsible for the cytotoxicity of Anthemis palestina. The high level of luteolin cytotoxicity indicates the potential benefits of Anthemis palestina, not only in terms of its taste, but also for its likely positive therapeutic impact on cancer, especially breast cancer.
Individualized treatment strategy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis based on imaging evaluation
Authors: Xiaoli Fan , Yanhua Fan , Juan Wang , Shunlin Bu , Rong Chen , Xiaoli Pang , Mingliang Chen , Longxiang Wang 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To study the effect of individualized treatment strategy based on imaging evaluation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: Eighty patients with RA of the wrist treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China from January 2018 to December 2022 were assigned to control and study groups. Conventional methods were used for treating control subjects, based on RA laboratory index results, while the study group received individualized treatment based on RA laboratory index results and results of imaging evaluation. Before and after treatment, serum levels of rheumatoid factor (RF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assayed using immunoturbidimetry. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was determined by Wei method. Imaging examination - ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - was carried out in study group before and after treatment. Disease activity score 28 (DAS28) and score on the visual analogue scale (VAS) were evaluated before and after treatment, and the curative effect in the two groups was compared based on curative effect evaluation.
Results: In both groups, post-treatment values of RF, CRP and ESR were lower than the corresponding pre-treatment levels, but were significantly smaller in study group (p < 0.05). The DAS28 and VAS scores of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the pretreatment levels, but the DAS28 and VAS scores were significantly lower in study group (p < 0.05). Treatment efficacy in study group (95.0 %) was significantly higher than in control patients (77.5 %, p = 0.0476). The results of imaging indicators showed significantly reduced post-treatment synovial thickness and joint effusion in study group patients when compared with control patients (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Individualized treatment strategy for RA patients based on imaging results enhances curative effectiveness, reduces disease activity, relieves pain, and improves the quality of life of patients.
A qualitative study on factors that influence the degree of comfort experienced by patients undergoing respiratory endoscopy in combination with intravenous injections of remimazolam besylate and fentanyl
Authors: Yang Chaojuan , Kong Chengying , Jin Leying , Yang Li , Peng Danmeng , Jiang Tao 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To investigate the level of discomfort in patients undergoing respiratory endoscopy in order to provide experimental evidence for the formulation of a comfort assessment scale for this procedure, and for guiding future research and intervention measures.
Methods: Using the phenomenological research method of qualitative research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 patients who underwent respiratory endoscopy in the Respiratory Intervention Center of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The interview data were analyzed, and the theme was extracted using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method. During the surgery, remimazolam besylate (intravenous injection, 5 - 7.5 mg) was used in combination with fentanyl (intravenous injection, 1 - 2 µg/kg) for flexible bronchoscopy examination.
Results: From the interview data, 3 themes and 9 sub-themes that affect the comfort of patients undergoing respiratory endoscopic surgery were identified. These comprised individual factors (fear and worry about the outcome), family factors (family financial difficulties and lack of care from family), and medical care factors (attitude of medical caregivers, insufficient health education, unreasonable operation arrangements, inconvenient care, and surgical complications).
Conclusion: Patients undergoing respiratory endoscopy experience a higher degree of comfort when remimazolam besylate is used in combination with fentanyl. Medical staff should correctly identify the sources of discomfort in patients undergoing respiratory endoscopy under general anesthesia, and provide targeted interventions to improve the comfort experienced. Moreover, the quality of service provided by medical staff should be improved.
MiR-25 enhances the proliferation, invasion and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through targeted regulation of RAGE expression
Authors: Jing Yang , Zhao Qingxia , Wang Yujuan , Lin Pei 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To determine the effect of microRNA-25 (miR-25) on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, and the involvement of targeted regulation of late glycation end product receptor (RAGE) in the process.Methods: Three groups of cells comprising; routinely cultured nasopharyngeal normal epithelial cell line NP69 without any treatment (blank control group), untreated human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8F, also cultured routinely (nasopharyngeal carcinoma group) and 5-8F human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells infected with lentiviral vectors for miR-25 gene knockdown and cultured after stable transduction (miR-25 knockdown group). Cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 assay, while Western blot assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to measure protein and mRNA expression levels of relevant genes. Transwell assay was utilized to evaluate cell migration and invasion.Results: The miR-25 expression level was significantly increased in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion rates in miR-25 knockdown group were lower than those in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group (p < 0.05). Apoptosis rate of cells and levels of apoptotic proteins were significantly elevated, whereas bcl-2 level was significantly reduced in miR-25 knockdown group when compared to nasopharyngeal carcinoma group (p < 0.05). Protein expression levels of RAGE and S100P was significantly increased in nasopharyngeal carcinoma group, but significantly down-regulated in miR-25 knockdown group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Expression of miR-25 increases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Suppression of miR25 results in decreased viability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while enhancing apoptosis. The mechanism underlying these effects was associated with modulation of protein expressions of RAGE and S100P. Targeted regulation of late glycation end-product receptors hold promising potential as prospective biomarker for therapeutic interventions targeting specific cancers.