bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced thirst in patients with a vasospastic syndrome
Authors: Teuchner Barbara , Orgül Selim , Ulmer Hanno , Haufschild Timo , Flammer Josef 
Published: December 2004

Abstract.Purpose:  To compare thirst, drinking behaviour, and endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) plasma levels between vasospastic and non‐vasospastic subjects. Methods:  We compared 67 subjects with a primary vasospastic syndrome with 64 age‐ and sex‐matched non‐vasospastic control subjects. A detailed medical history was recorded, including a questionnaire containing queries about thirst and drinking behaviour, history of migraine or unspecific headache, history of episodes of low blood pressure, and smoking habits. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and blood samples were drawn for ET‐1 measurements. Results:  Subjects with a vasospastic syndrome reported a reduced desire to drink and a lower estimated quantity of daily fluid intake, more often forgot to drink, more often had both migraine and unspecific headache, more often had episodes of low blood pressure, and had an increased plasma level of ET‐1. These features differed statistically significantly between the two groups. There was also a non‐significant trend among vasospastic subjects to smoke less and to have a smaller BMI. Conclusion:  A reduced desire to drink is found frequently among vasospastic subjects.
No Effect of a Video-Based Awareness Program on the Rate of Soccer Injuries
Authors: Arnason Arni , Engebretsen Lars , Bahr Roald 
Published: December 2004

Background The injury rate in soccer is high, and effective injury prevention methods are needed. Purpose To test the effect of a video-based awareness program on the incidence of acute injuries in soccer. Study Design Randomized control trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods Participants were elite male soccer players from the top 2 divisions in Iceland. Fifteen of 20 teams completed thestudy: 7 intervention teams (127 players) and 8 control teams (144 players) chosen by random. Just before the start of the 2000soccer season, the intervention teams were visited with an intervention program. The program included a 15-minutepresentation with information on the injury risk of playing elite soccer, typical injuries, and their mechanisms. Then the players workedtogether in pairs and analyzed video sequences to develop preventive strategies. The 12 video sequences were selected fromthe previous Icelandic soccer season, representing 3 typical injury mechanisms that accounted for more than half of all incidentsrecorded. During the season, team physical therapists prospectively recorded all acute injuries, and coaches recorded trainingexposure on a special form. Injury incidence was compared between groups and between the 1999 and 2000 seasons for teamsthat participated in both seasons. Results No difference was observed in injury incidence between the intervention (6.6 ± 0.7 injuries per 1000 player hours) andcontrol groups (6.6 ± 0.7 injuries per 1000 player hours). Furthermore, there was no difference in injury location or type. Conclusion The video-based injury awareness program showed no effect on injury rate.
Parallel β-sheet as a Novel Template for Polymerization of Diacetylene
Authors: Mori Takeshi , Shimoyama Kenji , Fukawa Youichi , Minagawa Keiji , Tanaka Masami 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
The peptide having diacetylene at its side group formed parallel β-sheet structure in crystalline solid, and solid-state polymerization of the diacetylene groups successfully occurred by UV irradiation or heating of the crystal.
An Approach towards Nano-size Crystals of Poly(acrylic acid): Polymerization Using Layered Double Hydroxides as Template
Authors: Wang Ge , Cai Fuli , Si Lichun , Wang Zhiqiang , Duan Xue 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
A new approach has been proposed and was shown to be a feasible method to produce nanosized polymer crystals of poly(acrylic acid). The new approach involves in situ polymerization of acrylic acid in the interlayers of a layered double hydroxides (LDHs) followed by exchange of the polymer anion for carbonate. The key is the use of LDHs as a template.
A Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescent Chemosensor for Fe3+ in Physiological Aqueous Solution
Authors: Hua Jun , Wang Yan-Guang 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
A novel fluorescent chemosensor in which two aza-18-crown-6 moieties are linked to a coumarin fluorophore has been synthesized for sensing Fe3+. The selective fluorescence enhancement was observed upon binding Fe3+ at physiological conditions (pH = 7.4, [NaCl] = 0.135 M, [KCl] = 0.01 M), whereas other metal ions, such as Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ produced no effect.
Decagonal quasicrystal of a new structural type
Authors: Balanetskyy Sergiy , Grushko Benjamin , Velikanova Tamara Ya. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
A stable decagonal phase of a new structural type was discovered in Al—Pd—Re. This is the second Al-based alloy system after Al—Pd—Mn where both stable icosahedral and decagonal phases are formed. In contrast to the isostructural icosahedral phases of similar Al and Pd concentrations in both systems, the new decagonal phase exhibits periodicity of ∼2.57 vs. ∼1.25 nm in Al—Pd—Mn and is formed at significantly higher Al concentration than that in Al—Pd—Mn. In the tenfold plane, the structural unit of the Al—Pd—Re decagonal phase assumed from the high-resolution electron images is τ times larger in diameter than that in Al—Pd—Mn.
Extraction and use of correlated integrated intensities with powder diffraction data
Authors: Wright Jon P. 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
The transformation of a powder diffraction profile into a set of correlated integrated intensities allows crystallographic calculations to be performed without modelling raw diffractometer counts. By carrying out this transformation it is possible to preserve the information about peak overlap without needing to retain the multitude of experimental details and description of the peak shape function. An implementation is described which allows problems of significant size to be tackled. Least squares refinement, issues of data quality and the generation and importance of free R-factors are discussed.
Towards EXPO2005
Authors: Altomare Angela , Caliandro Rocco , Camalli Mercedes , Cuocci Corrado , Giacovazzo Carmelo , Moliterni Anna Grazia Giuseppina , Rizzi Rosanna , Spagna Riccardo , González-Platas Javier 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
New procedures have been introduced in EXPO2004 (Altomare, A., Caliandro, R., Camalli, M., Cuocci, C., da Silva, I., Giacovazzo, C., Moliterni, A. G. G. & Rizzi, R. , J. Appl. Cryst. Submitted) aiming at making the solution process more straightforward, particularly for cases very resistant to the ab-initio approach.
The Role of Natural Selection in Genetic Differentiation of Worldwide Populations of Drosophila ananassae
Authors: Baines John F , Das Aparup , Mousset Sylvain , Stephan Wolfgang 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
The main evolutionary forces leading to genetic differentiation between populations are generally considered to be natural selection, random genetic drift, and limited migration. However, little empirical evidence exists to help explain the extent, mechanism, and relative role of these forces. In this study, we make use of the differential migration behavior of genes located in regions of low and high recombination to infer the role and demographic distribution of natural selection in Drosophila ananassae. Sequence data were obtained from 13 populations, representing almost the entire range of cosmopolitan D. ananassae. The pattern of variation at a 5.1-kb fragment of the furrowed gene, located in a region of very low recombination, appears strikingly different from that of 10 noncoding DNA fragments (introns) in regions of normal to high recombination. Most interestingly, two main haplotypes are present at furrowed, one being fixed in northern populations and the other being fixed or in high frequency in more southern populations. A cline in the frequency of one of these haplotypes occurs in parallel latitudinal transects. Taken together, significant clinal variation and a test against alternative models of natural selection provide evidence of two independent selective sweeps restricted to specific regions of the species range.
The Genetic Architecture of Response to Long-Term Artificial Selection for Oil Concentration in the Maize Kernel
Authors: Laurie Cathy C , Chasalow Scott D , LeDeaux John R , McCarroll Robert , Bush David , Hauge Brian , Lai Chaoqiang , Clark Darryl , Rocheford Torbert R , Dudley John W 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
In one of the longest-running experiments in biology, researchers at the University of Illinois have selected for altered composition of the maize kernel since 1896. Here we use an association study to infer the genetic basis of dramatic changes that occurred in response to selection for changes in oil concentration. The study population was produced by a cross between the high- and low-selection lines at generation 70, followed by 10 generations of random mating and the derivation of 500 lines by selfing. These lines were genotyped for 488 genetic markers and the oil concentration was evaluated in replicated field trials. Three methods of analysis were tested in simulations for ability to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL). The most effective method was model selection in multiple regression. This method detected ∼50 QTL accounting for ∼50% of the genetic variance, suggesting that &gt;50 QTL are involved. The QTL effect estimates are small and largely additive. About 20% of the QTL have negative effects (i.e., not predicted by the parental difference), which is consistent with hitchhiking and small population size during selection. The large number of QTL detected accounts for the smooth and sustained response to selection throughout the twentieth century.
An Efficient Resampling Method for Assessing Genome-Wide Statistical Significance in Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci
Authors: Zou Fei , Fine Jason P , Hu Jianhua , Lin D Y 
Published: December 2004

AbstractAssessing genome-wide statistical significance is an important and difficult problem in multipoint linkage analysis. Due to multiple tests on the same genome, the usual pointwise significance level based on the chi-square approximation is inappropriate. Permutation is widely used to determine genome-wide significance. Theoretical approximations are available for simple experimental crosses. In this article, we propose a resampling procedure to assess the significance of genome-wide QTL mapping for experimental crosses. The proposed method is computationally much less intensive than the permutation procedure (in the order of 102 or higher) and is applicable to complex breeding designs and sophisticated genetic models that cannot be handled by the permutation and theoretical methods. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated through simulation studies and an application to a Drosophila backcross.
Evidence for Genetic Control of Adult Weight Plasticity in the Snail Helix aspersa
Authors: Ros Mathieu , Sorensen Daniel , Waagepetersen Rasmus , Dupont-Nivet Mathilde , SanCristobal Magali , Bonnet Jean-Claude , Mallard Jacques 
Published: December 2004

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity and canalization are important topics in quantitative genetics and evolution. Both concepts are related to environmental sensitivity. The latter can be modeled using a model with genetically structured environmental variance. This work reports the results of a genetic analysis of adult weight in the snail Helix aspersa. Several models of heterogeneous variance are fitted using a Bayesian, MCMC approach. Exploratory analyses using posterior predictive model checking and model comparisons based on the deviance information criterion favor a model postulating a genetically structured heterogeneous environmental variance. Our analysis provides a strong indication of a positive genetic correlation between additive genetic values affecting the mean and those affecting environmental variation of adult body weight. The possibility of manipulating environmental variance by selection is illustrated numerically using estimates of parameters derived from the snail data set.
Examination of the Roles of Sgs1 and Srs2 Helicases in the Enforcement of Recombination Fidelity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Spell Rachelle Miller , Jinks-Robertson Sue 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
Mutation in SGS1, which encodes the yeast homolog of the human Bloom helicase, or in mismatch repair (MMR) genes confers defects in the suppression of mitotic recombination between similar but nonidentical (homeologous) sequences. Mutational analysis of SGS1 suggests that the helicase activity is required for the suppression of both homologous and homeologous recombination and that the C-terminal 200 amino acids may be required specifically for the suppression of homeologous recombination. To clarify the mechanism by which the Sgs1 helicase enforces the fidelity of recombination, we examined the phenotypes associated with SGS1 deletion in MMR-defective and recombination-defective backgrounds. Deletion of SGS1 caused no additional loss of recombination fidelity above that associated with MMR defects, indicating that the suppression of homeologous recombination by Sgs1 may be dependent on MMR. However, the phenotype of the sgs1 rad51 mutant suggests a MMR-independent role of Sgs1 in the suppression of RAD51-independent recombination. While homologous recombination levels increase in sgs1Δ and in srs2Δ strains, the suppression of homeologous recombination was not relaxed in the srs2 mutant. Thus, although both Sgs1 and Srs2 limit the overall level of mitotic recombination, there are distinct differences in the roles of these helicases with respect to enforcement of recombination fidelity.
Drosophila melanogaster Prat, a Purine de Novo Synthesis Gene, Has a Pleiotropic Maternal-Effect Phenotype
Authors: Malmanche Nicolas , Clark Denise V 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
In Drosophila melanogaster, two genes, Prat and Prat2, encode the enzyme, amidophosphoribosyltransferase, that performs the first and limiting step in purine de novo synthesis. Only Prat mRNA is present in the female germline and 0- to 2-hr embryos prior to the onset of zygotic transcription. We studied the maternal-effect phenotype caused by Prat loss-of-function mutations, allowing us to examine the effects of decreased purine de novo synthesis during oogenesis and the early stages of embryonic development. In addition to the purine syndrome previously characterized, we found that Prat mutant adult females have a significantly shorter life span and are conditionally semisterile. The semisterility is associated with a pleiotropic phenotype, including egg chamber defects and later effects on embryonic and larval viability. Embryos show mitotic synchrony and/or nuclear content defects at the syncytial blastoderm stages and segmentation defects at later stages. The semisterility is partially rescued by providing Prat mutant females with an RNA-enriched diet as a source of purines. Our results suggest that purine de novo synthesis is a limiting factor during the processes of cellular or nuclear proliferation that take place during egg chamber and embryonic development.
Genetic Determination of Susceptibility to Estrogen-Induced Mammary Cancer in the ACI Rat
Authors: Gould Karen A , Tochacek Martin , Schaffer Beverly S , Reindl Tanya M , Murrin Clare R , Lachel Cynthia M , VanderWoude Eric A , Pennington Karen L , Flood Lisa A , Bynote Kimberly K , Meza Jane L , Newton Michael A , Shull James D 
Published: December 2004

Abstract
Hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors play major roles in the complex etiology of breast cancer. When treated continuously with 17β-estradiol (E2), the ACI rat exhibits a genetically conferred propensity to develop mammary cancer. The susceptibility of the ACI rat to E2-induced mammary cancer appears to segregate as an incompletely dominant trait in crosses to the resistant Copenhagen (COP) strain. In both (ACI × COP)F2 and (COP × ACI)F2 populations, we find strong evidence for a major genetic determinant of susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer on distal rat chromosome 5. Our data are most consistent with a model in which the ACI allele of this locus, termed Emca1 (estrogen-induced mammary cancer 1), acts in an incompletely dominant manner to increase both tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity as well as to reduce tumor latency in these populations. We also find evidence suggestive of a second locus, Emca2, on chromosome 18 in the (ACI × COP)F2 population. The ACI allele of Emca2 acts in a dominant manner to increase incidence and decrease latency. Together, Emca1 and Emca2 act independently to modify susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer.
Cognitive effects of humorous drawings on learning: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Cazes Mathilde , Noël Audrey , Jamet Eric 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAlthough humor is frequently used in face‐to‐face courses and computer‐based training, there is no consensus in the literature on its effects on students' learning. The aim of the present study was therefore to assess the cognitive effects of adding humorous drawings in a computer‐based course on both learning outcomes and learning behaviors (eye movements). It was assumed that humorous drawings would improve learning through the active resolution of incongruity. To isolate this effect from those of the illustrations, a nonhumorous drawings condition was also compared with the text‐only condition. Eye‐movement data showed that humor increased visiting duration for the drawings. Learning outcomes were not affected by the nonhumorous drawings, whereas humor had a positive effect on comprehension, though not on retention. This effect of humor was not mediated by visiting time for the slides. Our results argue in favor of the use of content‐relevant cartoons to improve students' learning.
A hybrid approach for PV based grid tied intelligent controlled water pump system
Authors: Selvakumaran S. , Baskaran K. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThis article proposes a hybrid POA‐RBFNN approach for PV (photovoltaic) based grid tied intelligent controlled water pump system. The proposed method is the hybrid wrapper of Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) and later it is termed as POA‐RBFNN method. On the basis of bidirectional power grids, this research presents bidirectional power flow control for PV systems. The water pump is driven through a three‐phase synchronous reluctance motor (RSM). A novel Cuk integrated Landsman converter can operate at low duty cycles to provide larger DC voltages with negligible switching losses is used. In addition, to enhance the pumping system reliability, solar panels and electric pumps can be used to their maximum potential. Despite fluctuating weather conditions, the system supplies nominal displacement all over the day and surplus energy to the grid. Furthermore, if one of the sources fails, the pump performance is unaffected. Switching losses are minimized since the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) operates at a fundamental frequency. In all operational modes, this control delivers unique grid‐side power quality and unity power factor functioning. Here, the performance of the proposed hybrid system is implemented in the MATLAB and is compared with several existing methods.
Adaptive Phase or Variant Formation at the Austenite/Twinned Martensite Interface in Modulated Ni–Mn–Ga Martensite
Authors: Chulist Robert , Wójcik Anna , Sozinov Alexei , Tokarski Tomasz , Faryna Marek , Schell Norbert , Skrotzki Werner , Li Bin , Sehitoglu Huseyin , Li Xi , Maziarz Wojciech 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe crystal structure and transformation path from austenite to 10M martensite in Ni–Mn–Ga single crystal are examined employing high‐energy synchrotron radiation, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Using temperature gradient, an austenite/twinned martensite interface is stabilized revealing the crystal structure and microstructure of both phases and the transformation sequence across the interface. Depending on the distance from the interface, three distinct types of martensite crystal lattice, namely simple tetragonal and two monoclinic modulated ones, that is, 10M′ and 10M are confirmed. In situ measurements show that lattice mismatch formed at the habit plane is compensated by the formation of micro‐twinned and branched martensite along with an elastic change in lattice parameters. It is shown that the characteristics for periodic shuffling twin boundaries, such as modulation twins or inverted stacking faults, are installed in later stages of transformation. In other words, large microstructure elements that most efficiently accommodate the strain are installed first, and then smaller elements are operable. Overall, the experimental results show that the crystal lattice does not adapt modulated phase at the habit plane and cannot be built up from simple non‐modulated tetragonal blocks but rather a specific sequence of phase transformations using shear/shuffling deformation takes place.
Lightweight Zn‐Philic 3D‐Cu Scaffold for Customizable Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Shi Shaohong , Zhou Dongcheng , Jiang Yuheng , Cheng Fangchao , Sun Jianping , Guo Quanquan , Luo Yiteng , Chen Yungui , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPorous metal current collectors (CCs) serve as key component for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs). Herein, a lightweight 3D‐Cu architecture with customizable geometries is developed to enable reversible Zn‐metal cycling. The 3D‐Cu is prepared by 3D‐printing a crosslink‐able polymer scaffold followed by Cu‐metallization. The printed architecture is optimized to endow 3D‐Cu with electric conductivity that is on‐par with commercial Cu foam, but can reduce ≈80% of the weight and consumption of Cu. A Zn‐philic graphene (Gr) coating is adopted to promote uniform and (002)‐preferred Zn growth onto the 3D‐Cu surface, creating a 3DP‐Cu@Gr architecture that induces conformal Zn‐deposition and greatly suppressed H2‐evolution reaction. The 3DP‐Cu@Gr||Zn shows stable 700 cycles at 4 mA cm−2 and 2 mAh cm−2, with coulombic efficiency >99.6%. Zn‐loaded 3D‐electrodes enable symmetrical cells with stable 300 h cycling at 10 mA cm−2, delivering a specific accumulated capacity of 86.7 Ah g−1. This represents an unprecedented combination of cycle stability, high charge rate, and electrode lightweight. The all‐printed pantacle‐shape full pouch cells (3.6 mAh) exhibit 91.4% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 1 C. Possessing unusual design freedom, this strategy demonstrates a pathway for developing lightweight Cu CCs and customizable high‐energy AZIBs.
Buried Interface‐The Key Issues for High Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yan Nan , Fang Zhimin , Dai Zhonghua , Feng Jiangshan , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInterface engineering is known for effectively improving interfacial contact and passivating defects to enhance device performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Currently, most of works focus on surface passivation, while the buried interface is equally important. The film quality of perovskite layer greatly relies on the buried interface, leaving a pronounced impact on overall device performance. In addition, resolving defects and energy level mismatch at buried interface remains challenging. Optimizing the buried interface becomes a promising approach for high‐efficiency inverted PSCs. This review summarizes recent advances in buried interface engineering and emphasize the importance of corresponding characterization techniques. The various functions of buried interface engineering are carefully discussed, including crystallization modulation, defect passivation, energy level alignment, chemical reaction inhibition, chemical bridge, dipole cancellation and novel buried interfacial techniques. Finally, current challenges and prospects are put forward that should be addressed to further improve device performance of inverted PSCs.