bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing SWAT‐S to strengthen the soil erosion forecasting performance of the SWAT model
Authors: Long Shaobo , Gao Jianen , Shao Hui , Wang Lu , Zhang XingChen , Gao Zhe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSoil erosion is an important cause of global land degradation, and accurate monitoring of it is essential. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a distributed hydrological model, is an advanced technique for predicting soil erosion at watershed scale. However, as the erosion framework was established in gently sloping land, SWAT is limited in predicting soil erosion in some highland and mountainous regions. Therefore, this study suggested a method to integrate the sediment transport theoretical formula that can reflect the morphology of gully regions into SWAT to obtain SWAT‐S to enhance the calculation performance of sediment load, and the SWAT‐S was evaluated according to the coefficient of determination (R2), Nash‐Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE), Percent‐Bias (P‐BIAS) and root mean square errors (RMSE)‐observations SD ratio (RSR) in the Yanhe basin on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The results showed that SWAT‐S is more successful in reproducing the monthly sediment load, with R2, NSE, |P‐BIAS| and RSR were changed by 5.08%, 17.65%, −2.92% and −10.00% in the calibration, as well as by 1.18%, 10.39%, 45.45% and −18.75% in the validation of the SWAT‐S compared to SWAT. Meanwhile, SWAT‐S estimates 2.66 × 106 t more sediment than SWAT during the June–September flood season and better matches observed data. In total, the revised SWAT can improve the performance of sediment estimation, which is beneficial for the wider application of the model in more regions of the world.
Unveiling the Role of Compositional Drifts on the Tack of Pressure‐Sensitive‐Adhesives
Authors: Arrowood Anthony , Li Morris , Nassr Mostafa , Lynd Nathaniel A. , Sanoja Gabriel E. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPressure‐sensitive‐adhesives (PSAs) are pervasive in electronic, automobile, packaging, and biomedical applications due to their ability to stick to numerous surfaces without undergoing chemical reactions. These materials are typically synthesized by the free radical copolymerization of alkyl acrylates and acrylic acid, leading to an ensemble of polymer chains with varying composition and molecular weight. Here, reversible addition−fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) copolymerizations in a semi‐batch reactor are used to tailor the molecular architecture and bulk mechanical properties of acrylic copolymers. In the absence of cross‐links, the localization of acrylic acid toward the chain ends leads to microphase separation, creep resistance, and enhanced tack. However, in the presence of Al(acac)3 crosslinker, the creep resistance remains unchanged and mostly the large‐strain mechanical properties are affected. This behavior is attributed to microphase separation, but also to a change in the energy required to break physical associations, and untangle and elongate associative polymers to large deformations.
Melt‐Versus Solution‐Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Medical Implant Prototypes
Authors: Puppi Dario , Braccini Simona , Corti Andrea , Bello Francesca , Parrini Gianluca 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe development of tailored additive manufacturing (AM) approaches is resulting in novel strategies for engineering the macro/microstructural details of potential medical devices made of biocompatible polymers. The aim of this work is the employment of a multifunctional AM machine for fabricating poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) constructs with a predefined shape and porous architecture, by either melt‐ or solution‐extrusion AM. In particular, PMMA porous scaffolds are manufactured by employing fused filament fabrication (FFF) or computer‐aided wet‐spinning (CAWS). The comparative characterization of the two developed PMMA implant prototypes demonstrates significant differences in terms of porous structure, polymer surface topography, material composition, glass transition temperature, and mechanical properties. As a consequence, FFF‐printed PMMA samples support a faster in vitro proliferation of a murine fibroblast cell line in comparison to PMMA scaffolds by CAWS. The results achieved encourage further research on the developed processing protocols, aimed at the development of tailored PMMA implants for personalized surgery applications.
Predicting rock–paper–scissors choices based on single‐trial EEG signals
Authors: He Zetong , Cui Lidan , Zhang Shunmin , He Guibing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDecision prediction based on neurophysiological signals is of great application value in many real‐life situations, especially in human–AI collaboration or counteraction. Single‐trial analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is a very valuable step in the development of an online decision‐prediction system. However, previous EEG‐based decision‐prediction methods focused mainly on averaged EEG signals of all decision‐making trials to predict an individual's general decision tendency (e.g., risk seeking or aversion) over a period rather than on a specific decision response in a single trial. In the present study, we used a rock–paper–scissors game, which is a common multichoice decision‐making task, to explore how to predict participants' single‐trial choice with EEG signals. Forty participants, comprising 20 females and 20 males, played the game with a computer player for 330 trials. Considering that the decision‐making process of this game involves multiple brain regions and neural networks, we proposed a new algorithm named common spatial pattern‐attractor metagene (CSP‐AM) to extract CSP features from different frequency bands of EEG signals that occurred during decision making. The results showed that a multilayer perceptron classifier achieved an accuracy significantly exceeding the chance level among 88.57% (31 of 35) of participants, verifying the classification ability of CSP features in multichoice decision‐making prediction. We believe that the CSP‐AM algorithm could be used in the development of proactive AI systems.
Minimal important change in the Berg Balance Scale in older women with vertebral compression fractures: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Kobayashi Sota , Miyata Kazuhiro , Tamura Shuntaro , Takeda Ren , Iwamoto Hiroki 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundVertebral compression fractures, which are commonly associated with older age and osteoporotic fractures, have an increased risk of re‐fracture. Therefore, improving balance is important to prevent falls. The minimal important change (MIC) has been recommended for interpreting clinically meaningful changes in rating scales. The MIC of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for use in older women with vertebral compression fractures has not been established.ObjectiveTo identify the MIC of the BBS that can be used in older women with vertebral compression fractures using predictive modeling methods and the receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC)–based method.DesignA retrospective longitudinal multicenter study.PatientsSixty older women (mean age ± standard deviation: 84.1 ± 7.0 years) with vertebral compression fractures who were unable to ambulate independently on a level surface.MethodsA change of one point in the Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) was used as an anchor to calculate the MIC of the BBS based on the change between admission and discharge. We calculated the MIC for the women whose FAC score improved by ≥1 point. We used three anchor‐based methods to examine the MIC: the ROC‐based method (MICROC), the predictive modeling method (MICpred), and the MICpred‐based method adjusted by the rate of improvement and reliability of transition (MICadj).ResultsThirty‐nine women comprised the “important change” group based on their FAC score improvement. In this group, the MICROC (95% confidence interval [CI]) value of the BBS was 10.0 points (5.5–15.5), with an area under the curve of 0.71. The MICpred (95% CI) value was 9.7 (8.1–11.0), and the MICadj (95% CI) was 7.0 (5.5–8.5) points.ConclusionFor women with vertebral compression fractures who are unable to ambulate independently, a 7.0‐point improvement in the BBS score may be a useful indicator for reducing the amount of assistance required for walking.
Nucleocapsid proteins from human coronaviruses possess phase separation capabilities and promote FUS pathological aggregation
Authors: Dong Hui , Zhang Hong , Jalin Julie , He Ziqi , Wang Runhan , Huang Leqi , Liu Zibo , Zhang Shenqing , Dai Bin , Li Dan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe nucleocapsid (N) protein is an essential structural component necessary for genomic packaging and replication in various human coronaviruses (HCoVs), such as SARS‐CoV‐2 and MERS‐CoV. Recent studies have revealed that the SARS‐CoV‐2 N protein exhibits a high capacity for liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), which plays multiple roles in viral infection and replication. In this study, we systematically investigate the LLPS capabilities of seven homologous N proteins from different HCoVs using a high‐throughput protein phase separation assay. We found that LLPS is a shared intrinsic property among these N proteins. However, the phase separation profiles of the various N protein homologs differ, and they undergo phase separation under distinct in vitro conditions. Moreover, we demonstrate that N protein homologs can co‐phase separate with FUS, a SG‐containing protein, and accelerate its liquid‐to‐solid phase transition and amyloid aggregation, which is closely related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Further study shows that N protein homologs can directly bind to the low complexity domain of FUS. Together, our work demonstrates that N proteins of different HCoVs possess phase separation capabilities, which may contribute to promoting pathological aggregation of host proteins and disrupting SG homeostasis during the infection and replication of various HCoVs.
Assessing the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training and duloxetine on urinary continence recovery following radical prostatectomy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sanchez‐Salas Rafael , Tourinho‐Barbosa Rafael , Sivaraman Arjun , Borges Rafael Castilho , Candela Luigi , Cathala Nathalie , Mombet Annick , Marra Giancarlo , Sanchez Lara Rodriguez , Boumezrag Chahrazad Bey , Lanz Camille , Macek Petr , Korkes Fernando , Cathelineau Xavier 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) can negatively impact quality of life (QoL) after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and duloxetine are used to manage post‐RARP UI, but their efficacy remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of PFMT and duloxetine in promoting urinary continence recovery (UCR) after RARP.MethodsA randomized controlled trial involving patients with urine leakage after RARP from May 2015 to February 2018. Patients were randomized into 1 of 4 arms: (1) PFMT‐biofeedback, (2) duloxetine, (3) combined PFMT‐biofeedback and duloxetine, (4) control arm. PFMT consisted of pelvic muscle exercises conducted with electromyographic feedback weekly, for 3 months. Oral duloxetine was administered at bedtime for 3 months. The primary outcome was prevalence of continence at 6 months, defined as using ≤1 security pad. Urinary symptoms and QoL were assessed by using a visual analogue scale, and validated questionnaires.ResultsFrom the 240 patients included in the trial, 89% of patients completed 1 year of follow‐up. Treatment compliance was observed in 88% (92/105) of patients receiving duloxetine, and in 97% (104/107) of patients scheduled to PFMT‐biofeedback sessions. In the control group 96% of patients had achieved continence at 6 months, compared with 90% (p = 0.3) in the PMFT‐biofeedback, 73% (p = 0.008) in the duloxetine, and 69% (p = 0.003) in the combined treatment arm. At 6 months, QoL was classified as uncomfortable or worse in 17% of patients in the control group, compared with 44% (p = 0.01), 45% (p = 0.008), and 34% (p = 0.07), respectively. Complete preservation of neurovascular bundles (NVB) (OR: 2.95; p = 0.048) was the only perioperative intervention found to improve early UCR.ConclusionsPFMT‐biofeedback and duloxetine demonstrated limited impact in improving UCR after RP. Diligent NVB preservation, along with preoperative patient and disease characteristics, are the primary determinants for early UCR.
Luteolin induces ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation and increasing ferritinophagy
Authors: Fu Wei , Xu Lei , Chen Yingwen , Zhang Zezheng , Chen Shuchao , Li Qixin , You Xujun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs the second most common cancer in men and the leading cause of cancer‐related death, prostate cancer (PCa) could potentially be treated by inducing ferroptosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether luteolin could induce ferroptosis in PCa cells through the transcription Factor EB (TFEB).MethodsDifferent concentrations of luteolin were applied to treat normal prostate epithelial cells RWPE‐1 and PCa cell lines DU145, PC‐3, VCaP, and LNcaP. Ferrostatin‐1 (Fer‐1), Necrostain‐1 (Nec‐1), 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA), chloroquine (CQ), and the apoptosis inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl‐Val‐Ala‐Asp(OMe)‐fluoromethylketone (Z‐VAD‐FMK) were added to treat DU145 and PC‐3 cells. Additionally, we knocked down TFEB and performed in vitro cell experiments. Finally, tumor‐forming experiments in nude mice were conducted to verify luteolin mechanism in PCa after knocking down TFEB.ResultsThere was no significant difference in RWPE‐1 at 12, 24, and 48 h after treatment with 60 μM luteolin. However, a significant difference was observed between DU145 and PC‐3 cells. Luteolin exhibited a promoting effect on PCa cell death. After treatment with luteolin, cell viability, and Ki67 expression were decreased, and AnV‐PI‐positive dead cells were increased. Fer‐1, Nec‐1, 3‐MA, and Z‐VAD‐FMK reversed luteolin effects on DU145 and PC‐3 cell viability, proliferation, and AnV‐PI‐positive dead cells. Among them, Fer‐1 and 3‐MA were more effective. Luteolin‐induced increased autophagy and ferroptosis in DU145 and PC‐3 cells. Moreover, luteolin promoted ferroptosis by inducing increased autophagy in DU145 and PC‐3 cells. However, knockdown of TFEB reversed the ability of luteolin to induce lysosome degradation of ferritin. In addition, luteolin promoted PCa ferroptosis by inducing ferritinophagy in vivo.ConclusionsLuteolin‐induced ferroptosis in PCa cells by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation and increasing ferritinophagy.
Vasectomy and risk of prostate cancer: A Mendelian randomization study and confounder analysis
Authors: Di Huajie , Wen Yi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious reports have shown a potential causal impact of vasectomy on prostate cancer (PCa). The objective of this study was to investigate the association between vasectomy and PCa, while evaluating the influence of confounding factors such as prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening and body mass index (BMI).MethodsMendelian randomization (MR) study using summary statistics from genome‐wide associations of vasectomy (462,933 European ancestry), ever had PSA test (200,410 European ancestry), time since last PSA test (46,104 European ancestry), BMI (152,893 European males) and PCa (79,148 cases, 61,106 controls, European ancestry). This study was conducted using summary statistic data from large, previously described cohorts. Data analyses were conducted from November 2022 to June 2023.ResultsGenetic liability to vasectomy was not associated with PCa (OR = 0.07, 95% CI: 2.95  10−3, 1.54, p = 0.09). Genetic liability to vasectomy was not associated with ever had PSA test (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.49−2.39, p = 0.83) and time since last PSA test (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 0.71−8.79, p = 0.16). After controlling for PSA test and BMI, there remains no causal relationship between vasectomy and PCa risk (OR = 5.56  10−4, 95% CI: 7.29  10−8, 4.24, p = 0.10). The reverse MR results showed a weak association between PCa and vasectomy patients (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.0003−1.0033, p = 0.02).ConclusionBased on the available evidence from MR analysis, the current findings did not support vasectomy being a risk factor for PCa. Further work is required to provide additional confirmation and validation of the potential link.
X ‐linked inheritance of primary ciliary dyskinesia and retinitis pigmentosa due to RPGR variant: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kuroda Aoi , Namkoong Ho , Iwami Eri , Tsutsumi Akihiro , Nakajima Takahiro , Shinoda Hajime , Katada Yusaku , Iimura Jiro , Suzuki Hisato , Kosaki Kenjiro , Terashima Takeshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by irreversible bronchial dilation, often caused by infection or inflammation. It can be associated with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a hereditary disorder affecting cilia function in various organs and flagella. PCD's genetic heterogeneity leads to varying disease severity. PCD may be more prevalent in Asia, but its diagnosis is often delayed in Japan. This study reviewed a case of PCD and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with the relevant literature. The patient had a persistent cough, sputum, and diffuse bronchiectasis. He was diagnosed with a combination of PCD and RP, with the presence of an X‐linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) variant confirmed through electron microscopy, retinal scan, and genetic testing. Although co‐occurrence of bronchiectasis and RP is rare, PCD should be considered in cases of persistent wet cough in childhood or unidentified bronchiectasis aetiology. Ophthalmologists should consider concomitant PCD in RP patients.
The surgical treatment of female primary pelvic retroperitoneal tumours: A retrospective study of 99 patients from a single centre in China
Authors: Liu Xueyan , Zhao Mengling , Fu Hanlin , Si Lulu , Wang Qian , Mao Meng , Zhu Ying , Guo Ruixia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo summarise the application of minimally invasive surgery for female primary pelvic retroperitoneal tumours (PPRTs).MethodsThe clinical data of PPRT in a hospital between January 2017 and August 2022 were retrospectively collected. Surgical outcomes for cystic and solid tumours and two minimally invasive techniques were compared.Results99 patients were included. Cystic tumours had fewer intraoperative injuries (4.0% vs. 28.0%, p < 0.001) than solid tumours. Robot‐assisted laparoscopy (RALS) seemed to have fewer intraoperative complications (8.3% vs. 35.1%, p = 0.156) than conventional laparoscopy (CLS) in solid tumours. For cystic tumours, RALS included larger tumour sizes and longer operative times (p < 0.05), but intraoperative injury was comparable to CLS. RALS exhibited a higher cost than CLS in all tumours.ConclusionsMinimally invasive surgery for solid PPRTs tends to be more difficult than for cystic tumours, and RALS has a slight advantage over CLS with respect to short‐term PPRT outcomes.
Trends and insights in e‐learning in medical education: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Oluwadele Deborah , Singh Yashik , Adeliyi Timothy T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMedical education is vital in producing competent healthcare professionals and advancing medical knowledge. The integration of e‐learning has emerged as a transformative approach to enhance medical education by improving accessibility, cost‐effectiveness and interactive learning experiences. With the COVID‐19 pandemic further accelerating e‐learning adoption, analysing the trends, publication collaborations and publication patterns in this domain is crucial. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of published documents on the Scopus database in e‐learning in medical education to explore the trends in scientific productivity. Publications in the domain has sporadically increased since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The pandemic introduces a changing focus in research and emerging trends, with COVID‐19 becoming a dominant topic and emerging theme. A collaborative research environment exists between authors; however, there is a divide between developed and developing countries in publication distribution, emphasising the need for equitable participation. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of e‐learning in medical education, emphasising collaboration, publication patterns, emerging trends, and the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Researchers can leverage these findings to advance e‐learning in medical education and enhance the quality of medical training and education.
Context and implications
Rationale for this study
The COVID‐19 pandemic reshaped medical education, emphasising e‐learning's potential for teaching and learning continuity during lockdowns. Bibliometric analysis is needed to examine trends in e‐learning within medical education.
Why the new findings matter
The landscape of publications in e‐learning in medical education has changed; the bibliometric analysis of trends in the domain reveals key themes, pandemic response, challenges and opportunities to inform future research in the domain.
Implications for educational researchers and policy makers
Funders and institutions need to encourage collaboration between developed and developing countries to bridge the publication disparities in the domain. Developed countries can share resources, while developing countries bring fresh perspectives in their context. It is important for educators and researcher in medical education to report the implementation of e‐learning with specific details on the critical success factor of e‐learning in their context. This can provide a baseline for others to understand how to optimise the implementation of e‐learning to make it more suitable in their context.
A Color‐Changing Biomimetic Material Closely Resembling the Spectral Characteristics of Vegetation Foliage
Authors: Huang Zizhen , Long Linshuang , Gao Yufei , Tang Zhipeng , Zhang Jialei , Xu Kai , Ye Hong , Liu Minghou 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMultispectral/hyperspectral technologies can easily detect man‐made objects in vegetation by subtle spectral differences between the object and vegetation, and powerful reconnaissance increases the demand for camouflage materials closely resembling vegetation spectra. However, previous biomimetic materials have only presented static colors that cannot change color, and camouflage in multiple bands is difficult to achieve. To address this challenge, inspiration is drawn from the color change of foliage, and a color‐change model is proposed with active and static pigments embedded in a matrix medium. The color of a composite material is dominated by the colored active pigment, which conceals the color of the static pigments and the color is revealed when the active pigment fades. A color‐changing biomimetic material (CCBM) is developed with a solution casting method by adopting microcapsuled thermochromic pigments and chrome titanate yellow pigments as fillers in a base film with polyvinyl alcohol and lithium chloride. A Kubelka–Munk four‐flux model is constructed to optimize the component proportions of the CCBM. The material has a reversible color change, closely resembles the foliage spectrum in UV–vis–NIR ranges, and imitates the thermal behavior of natural foliage in the mid‐infrared regime. These results provide a novel approach to multispectral and hyperspectral camouflage.