bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structure Analysis of the A10Tt2P6 System (A=Li−Cs; Tt=Si, Ge, Sn) and Synthesis of the Direct Band Gap Semiconductor K10Sn2P6
Authors: Zeitz Sabine , Antoniuk Hanna , Hlukhyy Viktor , Fässler T. F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvestigating the relationship between atomic and electronic structures is a powerful tool to screen the wide variety of Zintl phases for interesting (opto−)electronic properties. To get an insight in such relations, the A10Tt2P6 system (A=Li−Cs; Tt=Si−Sn) was picked as model system to analyse the influence of structural motives, combination of elements and their properties on type and width of the band gaps. Those compounds comprise two interesting structural motives of their anions, which are either monomeric trigonal planar TtP35− units which are isostructural to CO32− or [Tt2P6]10− dimers which correspond to two edge‐sharing TtP4 tetrahedra. The A10Tt2P6 compounds were structurally optimized for both polymorphs and subsequent frequency analysis, band structure as well as density of states calculations were performed. The Gibbs free energies were compared to determine temperature dependent stability, where Na10Si2P6, Na10Ge2P6 and K10Sn2P6 were found to be candidates for a high temperature phase transition between the two polymorphs. Additionally, the unknown, but predicted compound K10Sn2P6 was synthesized and characterized by single crystal and powder x‐ray diffraction. It crystalizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/n and incorporates [Sn2P6]10− edge sharing double tetrahedra. It was determined to be a direct band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 2.57 eV.
“Steric Armor” Strategy of Blue Fluorescent Emitters against Photooxidation‐Induced Degradation
Authors: Wang Sha‐Sha , Zhang Jing‐Rui , Wang Kuan‐De , Li Hao‐Ran , Meng Peng‐Hui , Zhou Yang , Yu Xiang , Wei Ying , Feng Quan‐You , Kan Yu‐He , Xie Ling‐Hai 
Published: February 2024

Comprehensive SummaryStability against oxygen is an important factor affecting the performance of organic semiconductor devices. Improving photooxidation stability can prolong the service life of the device and maintain the mechanical and photoelectric properties of the device. Generally, various encapsulation methods from molecular structure to macroscopic device level are used to improve photooxidation stability. Here, we adopted a crystallization strategy to allow 14H‐spiro[dibenzo[c,h]acridine‐7,9′‐fluorene] (SFDBA) to pack tightly to resist fluorescence decay caused by oxidation. In this case, the inert group of SFDBA acts as a “steric armor”, protecting the photosensitive group from being attacked by oxygen. Therefore, compared with the fluorescence quenching of SFDBA powder under 2 h of sunlight, SFDBA crystal can maintain its fluorescence emission for more than 8 h under the same conditions. Furthermore, the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the crystalline film is 327% higher than that of the amorphous film. It shows that the crystallization strategy is an effective method to resist oxidation.
Food allergy outside the eight big foods in Europe: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Spolidoro Giulia C. I. , Nyassi Sungkutu , Lisik Daniil , Ioannidou Athina , Ali Mohamed Mustafa , Amera Yohannes Tesfaye , Rovner Graciela , Khaleva Ekaterina , Venter Carina , van Ree Ronald , Worm Margitta , Vlieg‐Boerstra Berber , Sheikh Aziz , Muraro Antonella , Roberts Graham , Nwaru Bright I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe 2014 estimates of prevalence of food allergy (FA) in Europe published by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology included only the eight so‐called big foods (cow's milk/egg/wheat/soy/peanut/tree nuts/fish/shellfish). Those estimates have recently been updated. Complementing this, we sought to identify and estimate the prevalence of allergy to other foods that have been reported during the last decade.MethodsSix databases were searched for studies published 2012–2021. Random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to derive pooled prevalence of allergy to each food.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies were included, containing a total of 66 FAs. Among the most frequently reported FAs, the lifetime and point prevalence range of self‐reported kiwi allergy was 0.1%–1.0% and 0.2%–8.1%, respectively, while the food challenge (FC)‐verified kiwi allergy point prevalence range was 0.01%–0.10%. The point prevalence range for self‐reported peach allergy was 0.2%–3.2%, while the range for FC‐verified peach allergy was 0.02%–0.05%. The lifetime and point prevalence range for self‐reported tomato allergy was 0.01%–1.8% and 0.2%–2.1%, respectively.ConclusionAllergy to some foods traditionally not considered important are now emerging as relevant FAs. The focus on FA in Europe should not be limited to the so‐called eight big FA, but extended to other types of foods which need to be considered both for clinical purposes and population risk assessment.
Performance of a multigene genomic classifier and clinical parameters in predicting malignancy in a Southeast Asian cohort of patients with cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules
Authors: Yang Samantha Peiling , Nga Min En , Bundele Manish Mahadeorao , Chiosea Simion I. , Tan Sze Hwa , Lum Jeffrey H. Y. , Parameswaran Rajeev , Lim Ming Yann , Li Hao , Cheah Wei Keat , Sek Kathleen Su‐Yen , Tan Andre Teck Huat , Loh Thomas Kwok Seng , Ngiam Kee Yuan , Tan Wee Boon , Huang Xinyong , Ho Thomas Wai Thong , Lim Keng Hua , Lim Chwee Ming , Singaporewalla Reyaz M. , Rao Anil Dinkar , Rao Nandini C. L. , Chua Dennis Yu Kim , Chin David Chao‐Wu , Wald Abigail I. , LiVolsi Virginia A. , Nikiforov Yuri E. , Tai E. Shyong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMost thyroid nodules are benign. It is important to determine the likelihood of malignancy in such nodules to avoid unnecessary surgery. The primary objective of this study was to characterize the genetic landscape and the performance of a multigene genomic classifier in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules in a Southeast Asian cohort. The secondary objective was to assess the predictive contribution of clinical characteristics to thyroid malignancy.MethodsThis prospective, multicenter, blinded study included 132 patients with 134 nodules. Molecular testing (MT) with ThyroSeq v3 was performed on clinical or ex‐vivo FNA samples. Centralized pathology review also was performed.ResultsOf 134 nodules, consisting of 61% Bethesda category III, 20% category IV, and 19% category V cytology, and 56% were histologically malignant. ThyroSeq yielded negative results in 37.3% of all FNA samples and in 42% of Bethesda category III–IV cytology nodules. Most positive samples had RAS‐like (41.7%), followed by BRAF‐like (22.6%), and high‐risk (17.9%) alterations. Compared with North American patients, the authors observed a higher proportion of RAS‐like mutations, specifically NRAS, in Bethesda categories III and IV and more BRAF‐like mutations in Bethesda category III. The test had sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of 89.6%, 73.7%, 84.0%, and 82.1%, respectively. The risk of malignancy was predicted by positive MT and high‐suspicion ultrasound characteristics according to American Thyroid Association criteria.ConclusionsEven in the current Southeast Asian cohort with nodules that had a high pretest cancer probability, MT could lead to potential avoidance of diagnostic surgery in 42% of patients with Bethesda category III–IV nodules. MT positivity was a stronger predictor of malignancy than clinical parameters.
Understanding Cooperativity in Homo‐ and Heterometallic Complexes: From Basic Concepts to Design
Authors: Becker Sabine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCooperative effects have attracted considerable attention in recent years. These effects are ubiquitous in chemistry and biology and can govern interactions of proteins with other biomolecules, mechanisms of supramolecular recognition and polymerization, catalysis, assembly of compounds on surfaces, and physical properties such as magnetic, electronic or optical properties, e. g. Consequently, the understanding of cooperative effects can lead to a structure‐property relation that can pave the way to future applications in various research areas; however, with regard to cooperative effects in homo‐ and heterometallic complexes, we still are at the beginning of understanding. Nevertheless, concepts to describe cooperativity of metal centers as well as methodologies to investigate and model these effects have emerged over the last years. This concept article gives an overview of these existing concepts, approaches, and strategies to understand cooperative effects in homo‐ and heterometallic complexes. Special emphasis is put on concepts to define cooperative effects, their quantification, as well as methods to investigate cooperative effects.
Electrochemical Nanobiosensor of Ionic Liquid Functionalized MoO3‐rGO for Sensitive Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Authors: Ranjan Pushpesh , Abubakar Sadique Mohd , Yadav Shalu , Khan Raju , Kumar Srivastava Avanish 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis of cancer can be achieved by detecting associated biomarkers before the appearance of symptoms. Herein, we have developed an electrochemical immunosensor of ionic liquid tailored to molybdenum trioxide‐reduced graphene oxide (MoO3‐rGO‐IL) nanocomposite to detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a cancer biomarker. The MoO3‐rGO‐IL nanocomposite has been synthesized in situ via the hydrothermal method. The functionalization of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate IL with MoO3‐rGO synergistically improves the electrochemical and surface properties of the nanocomposite. The characterization studies revealed that the MoO3‐rGO‐IL nanocomposite is a highly appropriate material for the construction of immunosensors. The material exhibits exceptional electrical conductivity, surface properties, stability, and a large electrochemical effective surface area (13.77×10−2 cm2) making it ideal for fabricating immunosensors. The quantitative outcome showed that the developed immunosensor (BSA/anti‐CEA/MoO3‐rGO‐IL/GCE) possesses excellent sensitivity, broad linearity from 25 fg mL−1 to 100 ng mL−1, and a low detection limit of 1.19 fg mL−1. Moreover, the remarkable selectivity, repeatability, and efficiency of detecting CEA in serum specimens demonstrated the feasibility of the immunosensor. Thus, the projected electrochemical immunosensor can potentially be utilized for the quantification of CEA in clinical specimens.
Gender‐related institutional environments, gender pay gap/equality and prosocial behaviors: A cross‐national meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Ji , Liu Tao , Dong Linping , Li Guoxin , Cai Zhenyao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe adopt a meta‐analytic approach to study the relationship between gender‐related institutional environments/logics at both organizational level and societal level on the one hand and gender heterogeneities in individual prosocial behaviors on the other. Analyzing data from 138 empirical studies covering 35 countries, we obtain evidence of gender heterogeneity in prosocial behaviors under different gender‐related institutional environments/logics. Our meta‐analysis helps obtain several important findings. For instance, a gender gap in pro‐environmental behaviors is more likely to be observed in societies/countries with low gender egalitarianism with women showing less prosocial behavior than their men counterparts. Moreover, women under the same institutional environments also show significantly more anti‐corruption behaviors than do their men counterparts, while this difference is much smaller (i.e., with smaller effect size) given the institutions of high gender egalitarianism. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the findings for academic research and managerial practice.
Combinatorial antibody titrations for high‐parameter flow cytometry
Authors: Burn Olivia K. , Mair Florian , Ferrer‐Font Laura 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objective of titrating fluorochrome‐labeled antibodies is to identify the optimal concentration for a given marker‐fluorochrome pair that results in the best possible separation between the positive and negative cell populations, while minimizing the background within the negative population. Best practices in flow cytometry dictate that each new lot of antibody should be titrated on the sample of interest. However, many researchers routinely use large (30+) color panels due to recent technical advancements in fluorescence‐based cytometry instrumentation which quickly leads to an unmanageable number of individual titrations. In this technical note, we provide evidence that antibodies can be effectively titrated in groups rather than individually, resulting in considerable time and cost savings. This approach streamlines the process, without compromising data quality, thereby enhancing the efficiency of setting up high‐parameter cytometry experiments.
Distribution of the Asiatic golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) and variations in its coat morphology in China
Authors: Duan Fei , Zhu Shuyi , Wang Yuan , Song Dazhao , Shen Xiaoli , Li Sheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOf the 12 wild felid species found in China, Asiatic golden cat (Catopuma temminckii) is one of the least studied species. This medium‐sized cat with a prominently polymorphic coat was once distributed across much of southern China, but is believed to have experienced severe decline and range contraction during the past decades, primarily due to anthropogenic pressures. A lack of knowledge of its current distribution, ecology, and natural history has greatly hindered the implementation of conservation and management actions for this species. In this study, for the first time, we compiled the state‐wide occurrence records (N = 409), mainly from the camera‐trapping surveys, of Asiatic golden cats from 2008 to 2019, and predicted its distribution across the country through species distribution modeling using random forest algorithm. The results showed that the predicted habitats were mainly located in southwest China and suggested a rather low probability of possible current distribution across its vast historic range in central, eastern, and southern China. We divided its current range into four geographic regions (i.e., Qinling Mountains, Hengduan Mountains, East Himalayas, and southern Yunnan region) and considered the cats in each region as a regional population within the country. From the 287 camera‐trapping detections with photographs and/or videos collected across all populations, we identified six coat morphs and determined their occurrence percentages: common golden (47.4%), spotted (20.9%), red (13.6%), dark cinnamon (10.1%), melanistic (7.0%), and gray (1.0%). The complexity of coat morph composition within regional populations showed an increasing gradient from northeast to southwest. Among the four regional populations, the East Himalayas hosted the highest abundance and coat variation with all six morphs recorded. Our study results update the current distribution and coat morphology variations of this elusive cat in China and provide important knowledge to guide future research and conservation planning for this threatened species.
Variations in root architecture traits and their association with organ mass fraction of common annual ephemeral species in the desert of northern Xinjiang
Authors: Wang Taotao , Liu Bangyan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Mao , Tan Dunyan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe variation of plant traits is closely related to the trade‐offs between resource acquisition and conservation, as well as the accumulation of biomass. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive insights into the variation patterns, phylogenetic conservatism, and covariation with biomass allocation of root system architecture in desert areas. We examined the root systems of 47 annual ephemeral species and evaluated their biomass allocation and six key root system architecture traits. Our results indicated that the variation in root traits mainly originated from interspecific variation (48.78%–99.76%), but intraspecific variation should not be ignored as to why the contribution rate of root tissue density (RTD) reached 51.22%. The six root traits were mainly loaded on the first and second axes of the principal component analysis (PCA), these traits mainly vary along two dimensions. The highest interspecific variation is in RTD (51.63%) and the lowest in topological index (TI; 5.92%). The intraspecific variation value and range of specific root length (SRL), specific root area (SRA), and RTD were significantly higher than TI (p < .05), and they are not limited by phylogenetic relationships (0< K < 1, p > .05). The SRA is positively correlated with SRL (r = .72, p < .001) and negatively correlated with RTD (r = −.57, p < .05). The LMF is positively correlated with SRL, and SRA demonstrated the coordination between water consumption and acquisition. The positive correlation between RMF and MRD indicated the coordination of root carbon investment with exploring soil vertical space. The multi‐dimensional variation of root traits, divergence of RTDs, and convergence of TI are important ecological strategies for annual short‐lived plants to adapt to heterogeneous desert habitats. Meanwhile, these plants achieve optimal access to scarce resources through the high plasticity of resource acquisition (e.g., SRL and SRA) and conservation traits (e.g., RTD), as well as the trade‐offs between them and organ mass fraction.
Predator‐induced shape plasticity in Daphnia pulex
Authors: Paplauskas Sam , Morton Oscar , Hunt Mollie , Courage Ashleigh , Swanney Stephanie , Dennis Stuart R. , Becker Dörthe , Auld Stuart K. J. R. , Beckerman Andrew P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAll animals and plants respond to changes in the environment during their life cycle. This flexibility is known as phenotypic plasticity and allows organisms to cope with variable environments. A common source of environmental variation is predation risk, which describes the likelihood of being attacked and killed by a predator. Some species can respond to the level of predation risk by producing morphological defences against predation. A classic example is the production of so‐called ‘neckteeth’ in the water flea, Daphnia pulex, which defend against predation from Chaoborus midge larvae. Previous studies of this defence have focussed on changes in pedestal size and the number of spikes along a gradient of predation risk. Although these studies have provided a model for continuous phenotypic plasticity, they do not capture the whole‐organism shape response to predation risk. In contrast, studies in fish and amphibians focus on shape as a complex, multi‐faceted trait made up of different variables. In this study, we analyse how multiple aspects of shape change in D. pulex along a gradient of predation risk from Chaoborus flavicans. These changes are dominated by the neckteeth defence, but there are also changes in the size and shape of the head and the body. We detected change in specific modules of the body plan and a level of integration among modules. These results are indicative of a complex, multi‐faceted response to predation and provide insight into how predation risk drives variation in shape and size at the level of the whole organism.
Effects of river regulation on aquatic invertebrate community composition: A comparative analysis in two southern African rivers
Authors: de Necker Lizaan , van Rooyen Divan , Gerber Ruan , Brendonck Luc , Wepener Victor , Smit Nico J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile natural floods play a crucial role in shaping the composition of aquatic communities, the most rivers worldwide are regulated or dammed for anthropogenic purposes, resulting in alterations to the biological and chemical composition of these ecosystems. Studies have demonstrated various negative effects of river regulation on aquatic invertebrate communities globally. However, there is a scarcity of research in Africa, despite its vulnerability to anthropogenic impacts. This study aimed to compare aquatic invertebrate communities in the Phongolo River, an impacted regulated river, and the Usuthu River, a less impacted unregulated river, in South Africa. It further aimed to ascertain whether Lake Nyamithi, a naturally saline lake receiving water from both of the aforementioned systems, exhibited a stronger similarity to one of the two rivers in terms of its aquatic invertebrate composition. Aquatic invertebrate and water samples were collected from 2012 to 2018 over several surveys. The Usuthu River demonstrated a diverse and sensitive aquatic invertebrate community, emphasising its high conservation value. The Phongolo River demonstrated effects of anthropogenic impact, with taxa more resilient to changes in water quality and flow compared to the Usuthu River. Mismanagement and excessive water use may lead to the loss of any remaining sensitive aquatic invertebrate communities in this river. The presence of invasive molluscan in the Phongolo River and Lake Nyamithi also poses a threat to the native aquatic invertebrate communities. These invasive species are currently absent from the Usuthu River although other invasive species, such as the Australian redclaw crayfish, are found in both river systems. Lake Nyamithi displayed a unique aquatic invertebrate community, distinct from both rivers and their floodplains. This study provides important baseline information on the Usuthu River's aquatic invertebrates and emphasises the need to maintain adequate water flow in rivers and floodplains to protect biodiversity and sensitive species.
PhIO Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrroloquinolinediones from ortho‐Carbonyl Anilines and Maleimides
Authors: Alahmdi Mohammed Issa , Mukhtar Sayeed , Parveen Humaira , Alsharif Meshari A. , Waheed Mohd 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn effective, green, mild, and metal‐free hypervalent iodine‐mediated approach for the synthesis of pyrroloquinolinediones from ortho‐carbonyl anilines and maleimides in a one‐pot manner at room temperature has been developed. This proposed protocol can synthesize biologically active pyrroloquinolinediones in a one‐pot manner utilizing readily available starting materials. This protocol generates H2O as the only by‐product during the reaction and shows a high atom economy. Operational simplicity, moderate reaction conditions, high atom economy, and high yield are some key features of this protocol.