bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bi-directional modulation of AMPA receptor unitary conductance by synaptic activity
Authors: Lüthi Andreas , Wikström Martin A , Palmer Mary J , Matthews Paul , Benke Tim A , Isaac John TR , Collingridge Graham L 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Background
Knowledge of how synapses alter their efficiency of communication is central to the understanding of learning and memory. The most extensively studied forms of synaptic plasticity are long-term potentiation (LTP) and its counterpart long-term depression (LTD) of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic transmission. In the CA1 region of the hippocampus, it has been shown that LTP often involves a rapid increase in the unitary conductance of AMPA receptor channels. However, LTP can also occur in the absence of any alteration in AMPA receptor unitary conductance. In the present study we have used whole-cell dendritic recording, failures analysis and non-stationary fluctuation analysis to investigate the mechanism of depotentiation of LTP.

Results
We find that when LTP involves an increase in unitary conductance, subsequent depotentiation invariably involves the return of unitary conductance to pre-LTP values. In contrast, when LTP does not involve a change in unitary conductance then depotentiation also occurs in the absence of any change in unitary conductance, indicating a reduction in the number of activated receptors as the most likely mechanism.

Conclusions
These data show that unitary conductance can be bi-directionally modified by synaptic activity. Furthermore, there are at least two distinct mechanisms to restore synaptic strength from a potentiated state, which depend upon the mechanism of the previous potentiation.
Conservative treatment in patients with an acute lumbosacral radicular syndrome: design of a randomised clinical trial [ISRCTN68857256]
Authors: Luijsterburg Pim AJ , Verhagen Arianne P , Ostelo Raymond WJG , van den Hoogen Hans JMM , Peul Wilco C , Avezaat Cees JJ , Koes Bart W 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Background
The objective is to present the design of randomised clinical trial (RCT) on the effectiveness of physical therapy added to general practitioners management compared to general practitioners management only in patients with an acute lumbosacral radicular syndrome (also called sciatica).

Methods/Design
Patients in general practice diagnosed with an acute (less than 6 weeks) lumbosacral radicular syndrome and an age above 18 years are eligible for participation. The general practitioners treatment follows their clinical guideline. The physical therapy treatment will consist of patient education and exercise therapy. The primary outcome measure is patients reported global perceived effect. Secondary outcome measures are severity of complaints, functional status, health status, fear of movement, medical consumption, sickness absence, costs and treatment preference. The follow-up is 52 weeks.

Discussion
Treatment by general practitioners and physical therapists in this study will be transparent and not a complete "black box". The results of this trial will contribute to the decision of the general practitioner regarding referral to physical therapy in patients with an acute lumbosacral radicular syndrome.
Increasing response to a postal survey of sedentary patients – a randomised controlled trial [ISRCTN45665423]
Authors: Harrison Roger A , Cock Don 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Background
A systematic review identified a range of methods, which can influence response rates. However, analysis specific to a healthcare setting, and in particular, involving people expected to be poor responders, was missing, We examined the effect of pre-warning letters on response rates to a postal survey of sedentary patients whom we expected a low rate of response.

Methods
Participants were randomised to receive a pre-warning letter or no pre-warning letter, seven days before sending the main questionnaire. The main questionnaire included a covering letter and pre-paid return envelope. After seven days, non-responders were sent a reminder letter and seven days later, another reminder letter with a further copy of the questionnaire and return envelope.

Results
627 adults, with a mean age of 48 years (SD 13, range 18 to 78) of whom 69.2% (434/627) were women, were randomised. 49.0% (307/627) of patients were allocated to receive a pre-warning letter and 51.0% (320/627) no pre-warning letter, seven days in advance of posting the main questionnaire. The final response rate to the main questionnaire was 30.0% (92/307) amongst those sent a pre-warning letter and 20.9% (67/320) not sent a pre-warning letter, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.60 (95% CI 1.1, 2.30).

Conclusions
The relatively low cost method of sending a pre-warning letter had a modest impact on increasing response rates to a postal questionnaire sent to a group of patients for whom a low response rate was anticipated. Investigators should consider incorporating this simple intervention when conducting postal surveys, to reduce the potential for nonresponse bias and to increase the study power. Methods other than postal surveys may be needed however when a low response rate to postal surveys is likely.
Burn injury induces a change in T cell homeostasis affecting preferentially CD4+ T cells
Authors: Patenaude Julie , D'Elia Michele , Hamelin Claudine , Garrel Dominique , Bernier Jacques 
Published: November 2004

Abstract
Burn injuries are known to be associated with altered immune functions, resulting in decreased resistance to subsequent infection. In the present study, we determined the in vivo changes in T cell homeostasis following burn injury. Two groups of mice were used: a sham-burn group receiving buprenorphine as an analgesic and a burn group receiving buprenorphine and subjected to burn injury on 20% of the total body surface area. Results showed an important decrease in splenocytes following burn injury. This decrease persisted for 5 days and was followed, at day 10, by a 63% increase in number of cells. In vivo cell proliferation, as determined by the incorporation of 5-bromo-2′-dexoxyuridine, showed a significant increase of cycling splenocytes between days 2 and 10 after burn injury. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the spleen was altered for 10 days after thermal injury. Analysis of naive (CD62Lhigh CD44low) and effector/memory (CD62Llow CD44high) T cells showed a percent decrease, independent of the expression of CD4 or CD8 molecules. However, early activation markers, such as CD69+, were expressed only on CD4+ T cells after a number of days following injury. Even with an activated phenotype, 10 days post-burn injury, CD4+ naive T cells significantly increased spontaneous apoptosis, detected by using a fluorescent DNA-binding agent 7-amino-actinomycin D. CD8+ T lymphocytes did not express early activation markers and were more resistant to apoptosis. Using purified T cells, we have shown unresponsiveness at day 10. Overall, these results demonstrate that mechanisms of T cell homeostasis were perturbed following burn injury. However, after 10 days, this perturbation persisted only in CD4+ T cells.
Further delineation of Frank–ter Haar syndrome
Authors: Maas Saskia M. , Kayserili Hulya , Lam Jan , Apak Memnune Y. , Hennekam Raoul C.M. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractThe combination of the symptoms megalocornea, multiple skeletal anomalies, and developmental delay was first recognized as a separate entity by Frank et al. [1973] and subsequently confirmed by ter Haar et al. [1982]. The main characteristics are brachycephaly, wide fontanels, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, macrocornea with or without glaucoma, full cheeks, small chin, bowing of the long bones, and flexion deformity of the fingers. Protruding, simple ears, and prominent coccyx bone can be also regarded as important diagnostic signs. Inheritance most likely is autosomal recessive. Several manifestations such as progressive “coarsening” of the face, hirsutism, gallstones, lingual papillomatosis, and cardiac valve anomalies all point to a possible metabolic basis of the disorder. Here we describe four patients, including three sibs of Turkish descent, with this entity. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure of Rubidium—Ammonium Hexachlorotellurate [Rb0.8(NH4)0.2]2TeCl6 at Room and Low Temperatures.
Authors: Karray R. , Kabadou A. , Cisarova I. , Ben Hassen R. , Ben Salah A. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Growth of New Strontium Iron Rhodium Oxides: Sr4Fe0.73Rh2.27O9 and SrFe0.71Rh0.29O3.
Authors: Mwamuka Judith N. , Gemmill William R. , Stitzer Katharine E. , Smith Mark D. , zur Loye Hans‐Conrad 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Structure of the New Fluoride Bromide Ba6.668(2)Ca0.332(2)F12Br2 and Solid Solutions with Composition Ba7‐xCaxF12 (ClyBr1‐y)2 with x = ≈0.5, 0 < y < 1.
Authors: Fruehmann B. , Kubel F. , Hagemann H. , Bill H. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[{[Pt(en)2][PtX2(en)2]}3] [{(MX5)X3}2]×12H2O: Quasi‐One‐Dimensional Halogen‐Bridged Pt(II)‐Pt(IV) Mixed‐Valence Compounds with Magnetic Counteranions.
Authors: Yamashita Masahiro , et al. et al. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of a New Chiral Cyclic o‐Hydroxynaphthylphosphonodiamide and Its Application as Ligand Catalyst in Asymmetric Silylcyanation of Aromatic Aldehydes.
Authors: He Ke , Zhou Zhenghong , Wang Lixin , Li Kangying , Zhao Guofeng , Zhou Qilin , Tang Chuchi 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Series of Chiral 2,2′:6′,2′′‐Terpyridine Tri‐N‐Oxide Ligands for Lewis Base Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Wong Wing‐Leung , Lee Chi‐Sing , Leung Hon‐Kit , Kwong Hoi‐Lun 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nitro‐Substituted Hoveyda—Grubbs Ruthenium Carbenes: Enhancement of Catalyst Activity Through Electronic Activation.
Authors: Michrowska Anna , Bujok Robert , Harutyunyan Syuzanna , Sashuk Volodymyr , Dolgonos Grigory , Grela Karol 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Montmorillonite K‐10 Clay as an Efficient Solid Catalyst for Chemoselective Protection of Carbonyl Compounds as Oxathiolanes with 2‐Mercaptoethanol.
Authors: Gogoi Siddhartha , Borah Jagat C. , Barua Nabin C. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Highly Diastereoselective Tandem Radical Reaction. Facile Three‐Component Routes to Protected (E)‐Polysubstituted Homoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Jang Yeong‐Jiunn , Wu Jhenyi , Lin Yung‐Feng , Yao Ching‐Fa 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Coupling of Vinylic Tellurides with Alkynes Catalyzed by Palladium Dichloride: Evaluation of Synthetic and Mechanistic Details.
Authors: Raminelli Cristiano , Prechtl Martin H. G. , Santos Leonardo S. , Eberlin Marcos N. , Comasseto Joao V. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Selective Reductive Amination of Aldehydes by the Use of Hantzsch Dihydropyridines as Reductant.
Authors: Itoh Takashi , Nagata Kazuhiro , Miyazaki Michiko , Ishikawa Hiroyuki , Kurihara Ayako , Ohsawa Akio 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium Complexes of 1,3,5,7‐Tetramethyl‐2,4,8‐trioxa‐6‐phenyl‐6‐phosphaadamantane: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Use in the Suzuki and Sonogashira Reactions and the α‐Arylation of Ketones.
Authors: Adjabeng George , Brenstrum Tim , Frampton Christopher S. , Robertson Al J. , Hillhouse John , McNulty James , Capretta Alfredo 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Unexpected Tandem Sonogashira—Carbopallation—Sonogashira Coupling Reaction of Benzyl Halides with Terminal Alkynes: A Novel Four‐Component Domino Sequence to Highly Substituted Enynes.
Authors: Pottier Laurent Romain , Peyrat Jean‐Francois , Alami Mouad , Brion Jean‐Daniel 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 5,5′‐Diarylated 2,2′‐Bithiophenes via Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylation Reactions.
Authors: Yokooji Aya , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro , Nomura Masakatsu 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Heck—‐Suzuki—Miyaura Domino Reactions Involving Ynamides. An Efficient Access to 3‐(Arylmethylene)isoindolinones.
Authors: Couty Sylvain , Liegault Benoit , Meyer Christophe , Cossy Janine 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of N,N‐Di(arylmethylidene)arylmethanediamines by Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of Arylmethylazides.
Authors: Chou Chin‐Hsing , Chu Li‐Tse , Chiu Shao‐Jung , Lee Chin‐Fan , She Yao‐Teng 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Double Nucleophilic Reaction of Amines to the Imidazole Nucleus and Selective Synthesis of 5‐Aminoimidazoles.
Authors: Kawasaki Ikuo , Osaki Tomohisa , Tsunoda Kazuya , Watanabe Emiko , Matsuyama Makie , Sanai Akiko , Khadeer Abdul , Yamashita Masayuki , Ohta Shunsaku 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Regio‐ and Stereospecific Syntheses of syn‐ and anti‐1,2‐Imidazolylpropylamines from the Reaction of 1,1′‐Carbonyldiimidazole with syn‐ and anti‐1,2‐Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Mulvihill Mark J. , Cesario Cara , Smith Vanessa , Beck Patricia , Nigro Anthony 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Facile and High‐Yielding Direct Synthesis of 2‐Alkyliminothiazolines.
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , Carvoli Gianni , Filippone Paolino , Perrulli Francesca R. , Santeusanio Stefania , Serri Anna Mari 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthesis of 4‐Chloro‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐pyrone by the reaction of Acetonide‐Protected 4,5‐Dihydroxy‐2‐chloroglycidic Ester with Magnesium Chloride.
Authors: Komiyama Takuzo , Takaguchi Yutaka , Tsuboi Sadao 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐ethoxycarbonyl‐4‐aryl‐4H,5H‐pyrano[3,2‐c]benzopyran‐5‐one.
Authors: Tu Shujiang , Jiang Hong , Fang Fang , Feng Youjian , Zhu Songlei , Li Tuanjie , Zhang Xiaojing , Shi Daqing 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chloroquine Analogues from Benzofuro‐ and Benzothieno[3,2‐b]‐4‐pyridone‐2‐carboxylic Acid Esters.
Authors: Goerlitzer K. , Meyer H. , Jomaa H. , Wiesner J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Multienzyme System for Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate‐Dependent Aldolase Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation from Dihydroxyacetone.
Authors: Sanchez‐Moreno Israel , Garcia‐Garcia Juan Francisco , Bastida Agatha , Garcia‐Junceda Eduardo 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
(+)‐Bornyl Piperate, a New Monoterpene Ester from Piper aff. pedicellatum Roots.
Authors: Rukachaisirikul Thitima , Prabpai Samran , Kongsaeree Palangpon , Suksamrarn Apichart 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Amide Conjugates of NSAIDs with L‐Cysteine Ethyl Ester, Combining Potent Antiinflammatory and Antioxidant Properties with Significantly Reduced Gastrointestinal Toxicity.
Authors: Galanakis Dimitrios , Kourounakis Angeliki P. , Tsiakitzis Karyophyllis C. , Doulgkeris Christos , Rekka Eleni A. , Gavalas Antonios , Kravaritou Constantina , Charitos Christos , Kourounakis Panos N. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective Iodocyclization of 3‐Acylamino‐2‐methylene Alkanoates: Synthesis of Analogues of N‐Benzoyl‐syn‐phenylisoserine.
Authors: Galeazzi Roberta , Martelli Gianluca , Mobbili Giovanna , Orena Mario , Rinaldi Samuele 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Iodinated Indole Alkaloids from Plakortis simplex — New Plakohypaphorines and an Evaluation of Their Antihistamine Activity.
Authors: Borrelli Francesca , Campagnuolo Claudio , Capasso Raffaele , Fattorusso Ernesto , Taglialatela‐Scafati Orazio 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Bifunctional Macrolides.
Authors: Akritopoulou‐Zanze Irini , Phelan Kathleen M. , Marron Thomas G. , Yong Hong , Ma Zhenkun , Stone Greg G. , Daly Melissa M. , Hensey Dena M. , Nilius Angela M. , Djuric Stevan W. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New 3‐[4‐(2,3‐Dihydro‐1,4‐benzodioxin‐5‐yl)piperazin‐1‐yl]‐1‐(5‐substituted benzo[b]thiophen‐3‐yl)propanol Derivatives with Dual Action at 5‐HT1A Serotonin Receptors and Serotonin Transporter as a New Class of Antidepressants.
Authors: Perez Silanes S. , Orus L. , Oficialdegui A. M. , Martinez Esparza J. , Lasheras B. , del Rio J. , Monge A. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Application of HETPHOX Ligands to the Asymmetric Intermolecular Heck Reaction of 2,3‐Dihydrofuran and 2,2‐Disubstituted‐2,3‐dihydrofurans
Authors: Kilroy Tim G. , Cozzi Pier Giorgio , End Nicole , Guiry Patrick J. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A combination of HER‐2 status and the St. Gallen classification provides useful information on prognosis in lymph node‐negative breast carcinoma
Authors: Sun Jong‐Mu , Han Wonshik , Im Seock‐Ah , Kim Tae‐You , Park In Ae , Noh Dong‐Young , Heo Dae Seog , Bang Yung‐Jue , Choe Kuk Jin , Kim Noe Kyeong 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdjuvant chemotherapy for patients with lymph node‐negative breast carcinoma is being recommended currently based on the St. Gallen classification. The prognostic importance of HER‐2 status in patients with lymph node‐negative breast carcinoma has been investigated extensively, with contradictory results. The authors investigated the clinical relevance of HER‐2 overexpression when combined with the St. Gallen classification in lymph node‐negative breast carcinoma.METHODSThe medical records of patients with breast carcinoma negative for lymph node involvement who underwent surgery between January 1995 and December 2000 at the Seoul National University College of Medicine (Seoul, Korea) were reviewed retrospectively. Risk groups based on the St. Gallen classification were categorized as average or minimal risk. The prognostic values of HER‐2 in combination with the St. Gallen classification were analyzed with respect to disease‐free survival (DFS) rates.RESULTSA total of 906 patients were eligible for analysis. The overall 7‐year DFS rate was 87.5%. The 7‐year DFS rates for patients with HER‐2–positive and HER‐2–negative tumors were, respectively, 77.9% and 91.2% (P = 0.002). The 7‐year DFS rates for patients with average and minimal risk group were 85.0% and 97.9%, respectively. The authors found that HER‐2 overexpression significantly predicted the risk of disease recurrence (odds ratio = 3.03 [95% confidence interval, 1.63–5.63]). Furthermore, when HER‐2 status was combined with the St. Gallen classification, the DFS rate of the HER‐2–positive average risk group was 73.3% compared with 88.4% for the HER‐2–negative average risk group (P = 0.007).CONCLUSIONSThe combination of HER‐2 overexpression and the St. Gallen classification was more useful than either alone to predict the risk of disease recurrence in patients with lymph node‐negative breast carcinoma. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Sinonasal malignancies with neuroendocrine differentiation
Authors: Rosenthal David I. , Barker Jerry L. , El‐Naggar Adel K. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Kies Merrill S. , Diaz Eduardo M. , Clayman Gary L. , DeMonte Franco , Selek Ugur , Morrison William H. , Ang K. Kian , Chao K. S. Clifford , Garden Adam S. 
Published: November 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDSinonasal neuroendocrine tumors are rare malignancies that are represented by a spectrum of histologies, including esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB), sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), and small cell carcinoma (SmCC). The authors reviewed their institutional experience to determine whether sinonasal neuroendocrine tumors of different histologies have distinct clinical characteristics that warrant individualized treatment approaches.METHODSThe authors treated 72 adults with pathologically proven, nonmetastatic, primary sinonasal neuroendocrine tumors from 1982 to 2002. There were 31 patients with ENB, 16 patients with SNUC, 18 patients with NEC, and 7 patients with SmCC. Patients with ENB usually were treated with local therapy alone (surgery and/or radiotherapy); only 3 of 31 patients (9.7%) received treatment (radiation) to regional lymphatics, and only 5 of 31 patients (16.1%) received chemotherapy. In contrast, patients with non‐ENB histologies usually received chemotherapy (10 of 16 patients with SNUC, 12 of 18 patients with NEC, and 5 of 7 patients with SmCC), and nonsurgical locoregional therapy was used more frequently (6 of 16 patients with SNUC, 4 of 18 patients with NEC, and 5 of 7 patients with SmCC).RESULTSThe median follow‐up for surviving patients was 81.5 months (range, 6–266 months). The Kaplan–Meier estimate of overall survival at 5 years was 93.1% for patients with ENB, 62.5% for patients with SNUC, 64.2% for patients with NEC, and 28.6% for patients with SmCC (P = 0.0029; log‐rank test). The local control rate at 5 years also was superior for patients who had ENB (96.2%) compared with patients who had SNUC (78.6%), NEC (72.6%), or SmCC (66.7%) (P = 0.04). The regional failure (RF) rate at 5 years was 8.7% for patients with ENB, 15.6% for patients with SNUC, 12.9% for patients with NEC, and 44.4% for patients with SmCC. Additional late events increased the RF rate for patients with ENB to 31.9% at 10 years. The distant metastasis rate at 5 years was 0.0% for patients with ENB, 25.4% for patients with SNUC, 14.1% for patients with NEC, and 75.0% for patients with SmCC.CONCLUSIONSThis spectrum of malignancies with neuroendocrine features shares a common site of origin within the head and neck, but their natural histories appear to diverge into two main groups: ENB and non‐ENB. Patients with ENB had excellent local and distant control rates with local therapy alone. Given the higher rates of systemic failure for patients with SNUC, NEC, and SmCC, the authors favor the use of combined‐modality therapy for these patients. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.