bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐objective optimal power flow using grasshopper optimization algorithm
Authors: Mandal Barun , Roy Provas Kumar 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThis paper introduces grasshopper optimization algorithm to efficiently prove its superiority in the optimal power flow problem. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, it is implemented on the standard IEEE 30‐bus, IEEE 57‐bus, and IEEE 118‐bus test systems with different objectives that reveal presentation indices of the power system. Twelve different cases, in single and multi‐objective optimization space, are considered on different curves of fuel cost, environmental pollution emission, voltage profile, and active power loss. The simulation results obtained from grasshopper optimization algorithm techniques are compared to other new evolutionary optimization methods surfaced in the current state‐of‐the‐art literature. It is revealed that the proposed approach secures better consequence over the other newly originated popular optimization techniques and reflects its improved quality solutions and faster convergence speed. The results obtained in this work demonstrate that the grasshopper optimization algorithm method can successfully be applied to solve the non‐linear problems connected to power systems.
Chemical profiling of botanical extracts obtained in NADES systems using centrifugal partition chromatography combined with 13C NMR dereplication—Hypericum perforatum as a case study
Authors: Kotland Alexis , Thiery Joseph , Hubert Jane 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionNatural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have emerged as interesting extractants to develop botanical ingredients. They are nontoxic and biodegradable, nonflammable, easy to prepare, and able to solubilize a wide range of molecules. However, NADES extracts remain difficult to analyze because the metabolites of interest stay highly diluted in the nonvolatile viscous NADES matrix.ObjectiveThis study presents a robust analytical workflow for the chemical profiling of NADES extracts. It is applied to Hypericum perforatum aerial parts extracted with the neutral mixture fructose/glycerol/water (3/1/1, w/w/w), and compared to the chemical profiling of a classical dry methanol extract.MethodsExploiting polarity differences between metabolites, the H. perforatum NADES extract was partitioned in a liquid–liquid solvent system to trap the hydrophilic NADES constituents in the lower phase. The upper phase, containing a diversity of secondary metabolites from H. perforatum, was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography. All fractions were chemically investigated using a 13C NMR dereplication method which involves hierarchical clustering analysis of the whole NMR dataset, a natural metabolite database for metabolite identification, and 2D NMR analyses for validation. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) analyses were also performed to complete the identification process.ResultsA range of 21 metabolites were unambiguously identified, including glycosylated flavonols, lactones, catechins, phenolic acids, lipids, and simple sugars, and 15 additional minor extract constituents were annotated by LC‐MS based on exact mass measurements.ConclusionThe proposed identification process is rapid and nondestructive and provides good prospects to deeply characterize botanical extracts obtained in nonvolatile and viscous NADES systems.
Student perceptions of scientific writing in pharmacology: Student generation of collaborative rubrics to score a social pharmacology writing project
Authors: Enslein Terri , Kosack Edward , Wetzel Hanna N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractScholarly writing is an important skill in all fields of study. Despite a strong focus on writing in many courses, faculty and students have disparate expectations related to scholarly writing. Herein, a classroom exercise is presented in which students were asked to develop a rubric that would be used to evaluate their summative writing assessment. Students were provided with a list of elements that commonly represent good scholarly writing, asked to define what effectively demonstrating these elements looks like, and asked to assign the weight that would be given to each element. The weights given to each element by students were compared to a faculty‐generated, departmental writing rubric. Students assigned significantly higher weights to ideas, and significantly lower weights to sentence fluency. Overall, students favored content over writing mechanics. A random selection of student papers was scored using both the departmental rubric and the student rubric, with about a half‐letter grade difference between the two groups, though the difference was not statistically significant. The outcomes suggest this exercise may be valuable in offering insight into student perceptions of scholarly writing and in furthering student engagement in the writing process.
Bacterial endophytes inhabiting desert plants provide protection against seed rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides and promote growth in maize
Authors: Dinango Vanessa Nya , Dhouib Hanen , Wakam Louise Nana , Kouokap Lanvin Kepngop , Youmbi Diane Yimta , Eke Pierre , Driss Fatma , Tounsi Slim , Boyom Fabrice Fekam , Frikha‐Gargouri Olfa 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium maize ear and root rot disease caused by Fusarium verticillioides has become one of the most serious fungal diseases associated with maize production. Due to their abilities to promote plant development and manage diseases, bacterial endophytes provide a more promising approach for treating this vascular disease.RESULTSThis work was undertaken for the selection and identification of promising isolates as plant growth promoters and biocontrol agents against F. verticillioides in maize agroecosystems. A screening procedure consisting of in vitro and in situ tests was applied to 27 endophytic strains originating from desert plants: Euphorbia antiquorum, Calotropis procera, and Alcasia albida. In vitro studies indicated that the bacteria exhibited variable results in biocontrol, endophytism, and plant growth‐promoting traits. In addition, in situ plant growth promotion and biocontrol experiments allowed the identification of the most promising bacterial endophytes. In vitro and in situ comparative study results indicated a low correlation. Our data revealed that in situ screening must be used as the method of selection of biocontrol agents against Fusarium ear and root rot disease. Based on in situ results, seven potent strains were selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus tequilensis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.CONCLUSIONThe results of this study showed that the selected strains seem to be promising candidates to be exploited as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents against Fusarium maize ear and root rot disease. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cross‐resistance, inheritance and biochemical mechanism of abamectin resistance in a field‐derived strain of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Liu Xun‐Yan , Li Ke , Pan Deng , Dou Wei , Yuan Guo‐Rui , Wang Jin‐Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), a global pest of citrus, has developed different levels of resistance to various acaricides in the field. Abamectin is one of the most important insecticides/acaricides worldwide, targetting a wide number of insect and mite pests. The evolution of abamectin resistance in P. citri is threatening the sustainable use of abamectin for mite control.RESULTSThe abamectin resistant strain (NN‐Aba), derived from a field strain NN by consistent selection with abamectin, showed 4279‐fold resistance to abamectin compared to a relatively susceptible strain (SS) of P. citri. Cross‐resistance of NN‐Aba was observed between abamectin and emamectin benzoate, pyridaben, fenpropathrin and cyflumetofen. Inheritance analyses indicated that abamectin resistance in the NN‐Aba strain was autosomal, incompletely recessive and polygenic. The synergy experiment showed that abamectin toxicity was synergized by piperonyl butoxide (PBO), diethyl maleate (DEM) and tributyl phosphorotrithiotate (TPP) in the NN‐Aba strain, and synergy ratios were 2.72‐, 2.48‐ and 2.13‐fold, respectively. The glutathione‐S‐transferases activity in the NN‐Aba strain were significantly increased by 2.08‐fold compared with the SS strain.CONCLUSIONThe abamectin resistance was autosomal, incompletely recessive and polygenic in P. citri. The NN‐Aba strain showed cross‐resistance to various acaricides with different modes of action. Metabolic detoxification mechanism participated in abamectin resistance in NN‐Aba strain. These findings provide useful information for resistance management of P. citri in the field. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of 16S rRNA gene primer pairs for bacterial community profiling in an across soil and ryegrass plant study
Authors: Shi Shengjing , Kumar Sandeep , Young Sandra , Maclean Paul , Jauregui Ruy 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionAs microbes play important roles in many hosts and niches, linking microbiota across niches is becoming an important area of research. Studying microbiota across multiple niches would allow understanding of ecosystem‐level interactions and potential points of better manipulation for agriculture gains. However, a suitable methodology to characterize microbiota from vast different niches is currently lacking. We used the plant shoot and soil as two important niches for this case study.Materials and MethodsConsidering the important linkage plant play in connecting above‐ and below‐ground ecosystems and challenges of working with plant microbiota, we first compared three commonly used 16S ribosomal RNA gene primer pairs targeting V3–V4 or V5–V7 regions coupled with Illumina sequencing for bacterial communities associated with ryegrass shoot. Then the selected primer was used to amplify bacterial communities in soil and rhizosphere samples for comparison with the commonly used 338F/806R. Finally, core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) across soil and plant niches were identified.ResultsPrimer pair 799F/1193R amplified the lowest number of plant organelle sequences (<0.2% of total sequences) and consistently showed the highest α‐diversity compared with 338F/806R and 335F/769R. For soil and rhizosphere samples, 799F/1193R also demonstrated significantly higher α‐diversity indices compared with 338F/806R. The bacterial phyla commonly detected by both primer pairs comprised >97% of the total relative abundance in soil and rhizosphere samples. In addition, the differences in bacterial communities of the soil and rhizosphere samples were more evident when using 799F/1193R than 338F/806R. Using the 799F/1193R data set, 50 core bacterial OTUs were identified across soil, rhizosphere and shoot niches, whereas only 38 core OTUs were identified when using 338F/806R. Most of these core OTUs were dominant in either shoot or soil niche.ConclusionPrimer pair 799F/1193R is suitable for bacterial community studies targeting ryegrass plant and soil microbiota, in particular for cross‐niches studies.
Artificial Intelligence for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bi Xinyuan , Lin Li , Chen Zhou , Ye Jian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), well acknowledged as a fingerprinting and sensitive analytical technique, has exerted high applicational value in a broad range of fields including biomedicine, environmental protection, food safety among the others. In the endless pursuit of ever‐sensitive, robust, and comprehensive sensing and imaging, advancements keep emerging in the whole pipeline of SERS, from the design of SERS substrates and reporter molecules, synthetic route planning, instrument refinement, to data preprocessing and analysis methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), which is created to imitate and eventually exceed human behaviors, has exhibited its power in learning high‐level representations and recognizing complicated patterns with exceptional automaticity. Therefore, facing up with the intertwining influential factors and explosive data size, AI has been increasingly leveraged in all the above‐mentioned aspects in SERS, presenting elite efficiency in accelerating systematic optimization and deepening understanding about the fundamental physics and spectral data, which far transcends human labors and conventional computations. In this review, the recent progresses in SERS are summarized through the integration of AI, and new insights of the challenges and perspectives are provided in aim to better gear SERS toward the fast track.
On the dissipation of ideal Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampler
Authors: Jiang Qijia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report on what seems to be an intriguing connection between variable integration time and partial velocity refreshment of Ideal Hamiltonian Monte Carlo samplers, both of which can be used for reducing the dissipative behaviour of the dynamics. More concretely, we show that on quadratic potentials, efficiency can be improved through these means by a factor in Wasserstein‐2 distance, compared to classical constant integration time, fully refreshed HMC. We additionally explore the benefit of randomized integrators for simulating the Hamiltonian dynamics under higher order regularity conditions.
Adaptation to the Future Climate in Sámi Reindeer Husbandry: A Case Study from Tromsø, Norway
Authors: Krarup-Hansen Kia , Oskal-Somby Berit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate projections for Northern Norway show an increase in winter temperatures in the nearest future. What are the consequences of such rapid changes for Sámi reindeer husbandry? How can herders adapt? This case study, just outside Tromsø in Northern Norway, seeks to answer these questions by analyzing local climate history and interviewing herders. In the 1950s, a herd of Sámi reindeer changed both summer and winter pasture grounds. Subsequently, changing especially winter pasture grounds from inland Kautokeino to the coastal areas near Tromsø challenged both reindeer and herders. As a result, in Troms, the herders had to develop adaptation strategies to manage herding in winters with a high frequency of rain-on-snow conditions, large amounts of snow, and decreased access to reindeer pastures. The situation in interior Finnmark, where they were located originally, is historically different: less snow and colder temperatures. However, future climate projections show that the herders in Finnmark could face today’s situation in Troms within the next 50 years, with warm winters and high precipitation. Reindeer herders in Troms adapted to the new climate by changing their herding systems and increasing supplementary feeding. Yet their adaptive capacity is constrained by different external factors discussed in this chapter. The future of reindeer herding in both Finnmark and Troms, Northern Norway, depends on cooperation with authorities to protect the grazing land and provide herding flexibility.
Zur Einführung
Authors: Wittfeld Meike 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel „Das Schweigen muss gebrochen werden“ (Anker/Behrendt 2010) am 28. Januar 2010 in der Berliner Morgenpost berichtete über sexuelle Gewalt am Berliner Jesuiteninternat Canisius-Kolleg. Diese Veröffentlichung wird weithin als eine Zäsur in der medialen Thematisierung sexueller Gewalt in Institutionen in Deutschland angesehen (exempl. Fegert/Wolff 2015; Wazlawik et al. 2019a). In den Folgemonaten des Jahres 2010 lag der Fokus reger medialer Berichterstattung auf weiteren Fällen sexueller Gewalt an renommierten Internaten, reformpädagogischen Schulen (Autor*innenkollektiv „Die Fünf“ 2011) und der katholischen Kirche (ZEIT ONLINE 2010).
Change in total lesion PSMA (TLP) during [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy predicts overall survival in patients with mCRPC: monocentric evaluation of a prospective registry
Authors: Burgard Caroline , Hein Connor , Blickle Arne , Bartholomä Mark , Maus Stephan , Petto Sven , Schaefer-Schuler Andrea , Ezziddin Samer , Rosar Florian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates imaging response of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (RLT) based on the whole-body parameter total lesion PSMA (TLP), derived by PSMA-PET/CT and reflecting the total tumor burden, in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in a prospective registry (NCT 04833517).

Methods
A total of n = 102 mCRPC patients received a [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT at baseline and after two cycles of PSMA-RLT, in which TLP was measured by using a semi-automated tumor segmentation. TLP was defined as the summed products of volume and uptake (∑ Volume × SUVmean) of all tumor lesions. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the most appropriate ∆TLP thresholds for classification into partial remission (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) regarding overall survival (OS). Furthermore, we analyzed criteria that are also frequently used in established response frameworks, such as the occurrence of new metastases as independent criterion (I) or in combination with change in tumor burden (II), and the change in PSA serum value (III).

Results
For the ∆TLP thresholds −30%/+30% (and also for higher thresholds, −40%/+40% or −50%/+50%), significant differences between all three response categories became apparent (PR/PD: p = 0.001; PR/SD: p = 0.001; SD/PD: p = 0.018). Including the development of new metastases as independent criterion of PD, there was no significant difference in OS between SD and PD (p = 0.455), neither when applied in combination with TLP (p = 0.191). Similarly, significant differentiation between SD and PD was not achieved by PSA serum value (p = 0.973).

Conclusion
In the largest monocentric study to date, TLP is shown to be a qualified prognostic biomarker, applying ∆TLP thresholds of −30%/+30%. It significantly differentiated between PR, SD, and PD, whereas other response criteria did not differentiate SD vs. PD. Using TLP, the development of new metastases is not a required information for predicting OS.
Delivery of Safe Pediatric Anesthesia Care in the First 8000 days: Realities, Challenges, and Solutions in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
Authors: Powell William Francis , Echeto‐Cerrato Maria Alejandra , Gathuya Zipporah , Gray Rebecca Mary , Hodges Sarah , Nabukenya Mary T. , Newton Mark W. , Rai Ekta , Evans Faye M. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, perioperative mortality has declined over the past 50 years, but the reduction is skewed toward high‐income countries (HICs). Currently, pediatric perioperative mortality is much higher in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) compared to HICs, despite studied cohorts being predominantly low‐risk. These disparities must be studied and addressed.MethodsA narrative review of the literature was undertaken to identify contributing factors and potential knowledge gaps. Interventions aimed at alleviating the outcomes disparities are discussed, and recommendations are made for future directions.Results and conclusionsThere is a lack of adequately trained pediatric anesthesia providers in LMICs, and the number must be bolstered by making such training available. Essential anesthesia medications and equipment, in pediatric‐appropriate sizes, are often not available; neither are essential infrastructure items. Perioperative staff are underprepared for emergent situations that may arise and simulation training may help to ameliorate this. The global anesthesia community has implemented several solutions to address these issues. The World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) and Global Initiative for Children's Surgery have published standards that outline essential items for the provision of safe perioperative pediatric care. Several short educational courses have been developed and introduced in LMICs that either specifically address pediatric patients, or contain a pediatric component. The WFSA also maintains a collection of discrete tutorials for educational purposes. Finally, in Africa, large‐scale, prospective data collection is underway to examine pediatric perioperative outcomes. More work needs to be done, though, to improve perioperative outcomes for pediatric patients in LMICs.
Recognizing Map Graphs of Bounded Treewidth
Authors: Angelini Patrizio , Bekos Michael A. , Da Lozzo Giordano , Gronemann Martin , Montecchiani Fabrizio , Tappini Alessandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA map is a partition of the sphere into interior-disjoint regions homeomorphic to closed disks. Some regions are labeled as nations, while the remaining ones are labeled as holes. A map in which at mostknations touch at the same point is ak-map, while it is hole-free if it contains no holes. A graph is a map graph if there is a bijection between its vertices and the nations of a map, such that two nations touch if and only the corresponding vertices are connected by an edge. We present a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for recognizing map graphs parameterized by treewidth. Its time complexity is linear in the size of the graph. It reports a certificate in the form of a so-called witness, if the input is a yes-instance. Our algorithmic framework is general enough to test, for anyk, if the input graph admits ak-map or a hole-free k-map.
Efficacy of human resource development program for young industry personnel who will be involved in future medical device development
Authors: Tsugita Yumi , Ushimaru Yuki , Kato Takamitsu , Sasaki Motoki , Hata Taishi , Hosaka Makoto , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro , Nakajima Kiyokazu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Training next-generation personnel from small/medium enterprises (SMEs) is an urgent issue in promoting medical device research and development (R&D). Since 2014 we have engaged in governmentally funded human resource development program for medical/non-medical SMEs, and have assessed its effectiveness by analyzing self-evaluation of achievement level (SEAL) data obtained before and after the training course.

Methods
Human resource development experts interviewed 34 key opinion leaders with deep knowledge of medical device R&D from industry, government, and academia. The skills required for R&D personnel were written down, and a set of skills was created by making a greatest common measure in the list of common elements among them. Using that skill sets, skill evaluations were conducted on trainees at “Osaka University Training Course,” twice before participation and after completion of the entire program using SEAL assessment.

Results
There were 97 men and 25 women, with one-third in the’30 s. Among them, 61 participants (50%) were from R&D divisions, and 32 (26%) were from business/sales divisions. 94 (77%) were from medical SMEs, and 28 (23%) were from non-medical SMEs (new entry). After completing the training course, significant growth was observed in every item of both Soft and Hard skill sets. Especially in new entry SME members, a striking improvement was observed in practical medical knowledge to enhance communication with medical doctors (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Our training course, though 7-day-short in total, showed that both Soft and Hard skills could be improved in young medical/non-medical SME members. Further assessment is needed to establish the necessary skill sets for our future partners from industries, to foster the creation of innovative medical devices through med-tech collaboration.