bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender-specific association of different obesity-related indexes with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly in Anhui province, China
Authors: Yao Lili , Huang Qian , Zhang Xinyi , Cheng Jing , Zhang Yan , Zhang Dongmei , Wang Li , Chen Guimei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Hip circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHtR) and abdominal girth index (AGI) were established as obesity-related indexes. This study aimed to find the risk of these indicators on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and control them as early as possible to reduce diabetes incidence or slow its deterioration.
Methods
A total of 1191 participants were enrolled from different cities in AnHui province, China. We used t-test to detect differences of obesity indicators between sexes. We performed logistic regression analyses for all subjects stratified by gender. The ROC curve was used to analyze the preventive values of different obesity-related indexes.
Results
The results of the logistic analysis showed that four indicators (AC, BMI, WHR, and WHtR) have statistical significance on the impact of T2DM in females (P < 0.05), all six indicators have statistically significant effects on T2DM in males (P < 0.05). The ROC curve showed the indexes with preventive values for women were HC, AC, BMI, WHR, and WHtR. All the indexes with preventive values for men.
Conclusion
Sensitivity to control effects of obesity-related indicators was higher in males than females. We suggest that man should pay more attention to their obesity.
Causal Relationship between Alzheimer's disease and Intracerebral hemorrhage: a two-way Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Hanli , Che Yannan , Gao Jianhua , Huang Yusi , Zeng Linsheng , Liao Xianyong , Zeng Zhongyi , Wen Lingling , Liu Yuxiang , Mo Zhizhun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the risk of Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is still debatable. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential causal relationship between them. This study was conducted in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design using summary statistics from an independent genome-wide association study (GWAS). The selected exposure factor was AD. And different genetic predispositions for AD were categorized into two subgroups. The outcome was ICH. the main analytical tool used was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method, supplemented by sensitivity analyses. The findings suggest a positive association between AD and ICH. The level of genetic prediction of AD was consistently positively correlated with ICH, as evidenced by IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33E + 12; P < 0.01). These associations were further supported by the results of all sensitivity analyses. In addition, Illnesses of mother: Alzheimer's disease/dementia was associated with ICH (IVW: OR = 5.947; P < 0.05). AD and ICH have a unidirectional causal relationship, and illnesses of mother is a major factor with ICH, whereas Alzheimer's disease or a family history of Alzheimer's disease is not.
Multivariate Time Series Analysis Using Heart Disease Patent in Tamilnadu
Authors: Poyyamozhi S , Mohideen A Kachi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study looked into the incidence of heart disease in Tamilnadu between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020. Heart disease cases have been found to be positively correlated with one another. The Granger causality tests used in the Breusch-Godfrey LM approach for testing, residual serial auto correlation assumes a VAR model for the error vector _t, while the contrary was not true. can be determined using common model selection criteria such as the Final Prediction Error, Hannan-Quinn Information Criterion, Schwarz Information Criterion, and Akaike Information Criterion (FPE) time series plots, the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, the Philip Perrons (PP) test, and the Kwiatkowski-Phillip-Schmidt-Shin test, determine the series' stationarity (KPSS) test. For both the ADF test and the PP test. The OLS-CUSUM test for stability.
Investigating Gene Expression Datasets of Hippocampus Tissue to Discover Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Molecular Markers
Authors: Prabha Sneh , Sajad Mohd , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Thakur Sonu Chand 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an advancing neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the human brain. Nevertheless, the current lack of peripheral biomarkers that can detect the development of AD remains a significant limitation. The main aim of this work was to discover the molecular markers associated with AD. We conducted a comprehensive microarray analysis of gene expression data from Hippocampus tissue in AD patients and control samples using three microarray datasets (GSE1297, GSE28146, and GSE29378) collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The datasets were pre-processed and normalized revealing 346 significant genes, 103 of which were upregulated and 243 downregulated. The PPI network of significant genes was constructed to detect the top 50 hub genes, which were then further analyzed using GO terms, KEGG pathway, and GSEA, revealing 47 key genes involved in AD-related pathways. The interaction of AD-associated TFs HNF4A, SPI1, EGR1, STAT3 and MYC and miRNAs hsa-miR-155-5p; hsa-miR-16-5p in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional event of 3 upregulated and 10 downregulated genes: H2AFZ, MCM3, MYO1C, AXIN1, CCND1, ETS2, MYH9, RELA, RHEB, SOCS3, TBL1X, TBP, TXNIP, and YWHAZ, respectively, has been identified. The miRNA/TF-mediated three types of the feed-forward loop (FFL) motifs i.e., miRNA-FFL, TF-FFL, and Composite-FFL were constructed and seven common genes among these FFL were listed: CCND1, MYH9, SOCS3, RHEB, MYO1C, TXNIP, AXIN1, and TXNIP. These findings may provide insights into the development of potential molecular markers for therapeutic management of AD.
Serial Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Rate of Ventricular Blood Clearance in Patients with Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Vyas Vedang , Savitz Sean I , Boren Seth B , Becerril-Gaitan Andrea , Hasan Khader M , Suchting Robert , deDios Constanza , Solberg Spencer , Chen Ching-Jen , Brown Robert J , Sitton Clark W , Grotta James , Aronowski Jaroslaw , Gonzalas Nicole R , Haque Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), a predictor of a poor prognosis and high mortality, typically requires external ventricular drains (EVD). However, there is no method to measure the rate of ventricular blood clearance. Blood in the ventricles increases cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) viscosity and decreases the diffusion coefficient. We hypothesize that change in DTI metrics, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD), can be used as a marker for ventricular blood clearance.
Method: 26 ICH patients with IVH were imaged on an MRI at 1, 14, 28, and 42 days. Ventricular blood volume (VBV), FA, and MD were calculated. Contralateral ventricular CSF served as control. Clinical assessment (NIHSS), and baseline Glasgow coma score (GCS) were associated with FA, MD, and VBV. Generalized linear mixed models assessed changes.
Results: Average hematoma volume (HV) and NIHSS at day 1 was 14.6±16.7 cc and 16±8. HV and VBV resolution rates per day were 2.1% and 1.3%, respectively. Ipsilesional ventricular FA (vFA) significantly decreased (0.24 to 0.15, 1.3% per day, PP>99%), and MD increased (MD=1540*10-6 to 2516*10-6mm2/sec, 1.5% per day, PP>99%) over 6 weeks. Patients with EVD exhibited a faster decline in ipsilesional vFA (1.5% vs. 1.1% per day) and an increase in MD (1.8% vs. 1.5% per day) compared with non-EVD patients. Ipsilesional vFA associated with VBV; a 1.00 cc increase of blood resulted in a 5.2% decrease in ventricular CSF diffusion coefficient. VBV was strongly associated with NIHSS (PP= 97-99%). A larger drained CSF volume was associated with a greater decrease (PP=83.4%) in FA; a smaller drained volume showed greater increases (PP=94.8%) in MD. Slower restoration of vFA and MD suggests obstruction.
Conclusion: We developed a non-invasive marker that shows ventricular FA and MD are strongly associated with HV, VBV, and can be used to quantify the rate of ventricular blood clearance.
Simple Formulation of Spatial Weights Matrix in 3D Lattice Space: Unravelling Regional Interlinkages Beyond the Flat Surface
Authors: Fitrianto Gigih 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A rigorous spatial weights matrix (W) is essential for unraveling neighboring linkages between spatial units. Precedent research only focused on how to construct a two-dimensional space by imposing a fundamental assumption that linkages between flat areas and areas with higher variance of elevation are the same.
This study presents a comprehensive yet simple formulation to construct a spatial W matrix in three-dimensional space. Central to this approach is the innovative use of the Kronecker product in combination with shift matrices, which incorporating altitude dimension into the spatial W matrix formulation. This comprehensive framework benefit to captures the complexity of different spatial interactions in topographically diverse environments.
Identification of proinflammatory pathways and promising bioactive polyphenols for the treatment of sickle cell anemia by in silico study and network pharmacology
Authors: Pérez Lila Rosa Maturana , Lázaro Johana Márquez , Puentes Neyder Contreras , Amador Antístio Álvis , Marrugo-Padilla Albeiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive Mendelian trait characterized by symptoms that include acute and chronic pain, chest syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, kidney disease, and vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), all of which worsen with age; VOCs are the leading cause of hospitalization and premature death in SCA patients. Currently, despite the existence of treatments for SCA, the negative consequences of VOCs’ chronic inflammatory state demand the exploration of alternative methods of control. For this reason, the goal of this research was to find novel pathways and promising bioactive polyphenols for the treatment of SCA using a combination of network pharmacology and in silico approaches; due to polyphenols, they have shown widely reported anti-inflammatory properties. Initially, hub genes associated with inflammatory processes in SCA were identified by extracting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from a publicly available GEO dataset (GSE53441), followed by their validation through system biology analysis, Polyphenols with anti-inflammatory activity were selected from natural product databases; finally, molecular docking and dynamics were performed with the polyphenols and the key protein derived from the selected hub genes. As a result, 10 genes associated with the Type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway in SCA were identified (MX1, FIT1, IFIT3, STAT1, ISG15, GBP1, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and RSAD); among them, STAT1 was selected as a central hub gene by regulating the expression of the rest. Docking and dynamics studies showed good binding energies among STAT1 and the fifteen polyphenolic extracted compounds, with quercetin, diosmetin, and fisetin showing the lowest binding energies. Identified flavonoids have been described in the past as compounds having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant features, as well as possible alternatives for SCA treatment.
Multi Objective Task Scheduling VM Placement Method in Cloud Computing Environment Using Resource Optimization Technique
Authors: RAMEGOWDA ASHALATHA 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The single-tenant-based applications consume high bandwidth and energy for each client. The multi-tenancy process adopts Software as a Service (SaaS) capability that allows a single model executing the service provider's platform to be accessed by numerous clients simultaneously. The virtual machine-based optimization method is required in the cloud computing domain as a dynamic resource scheduling method situated on unanticipated workloads. The multi-tenancy method provides the access to hardware and computing resources using the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model. This article proposes the Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) method in a multi-tenant environment. The paper defines virtual machine placement, allowing cloud providers to provide powerful resource utilization capabilities.
How thyroid surgery has changed in the last 25 years ?
Authors: Wojtczak Beata , Sępek Monika , Sutkowski Krzysztof , Marciniak Dominiki , Kaliszewski Krzysztof 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the last 25 years, there have been significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders, and new technologies are being implemented. The aim of this study was to analyze 25 years of experience in thyroid surgery in high volume endocrine center in terms of demographic changes, indications for surgical treatment, the type of thyroid surgery and complications.
Methods:clinical material from the years 1996-2020 was analyzed ( 3748 patients, 7285 RLN at risk of injury). Two periods: I ( 1996-2003) vs. II (2011-2015 and 2018-2020) were compered.
Results: The percentage of patients operated on for thyroid cancer increased (p <0.00001); the extent of thyroid surgery changed statistically significant (p<0.00001). The increase in the extent of surgery did not affect the percentage of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (p = 0.1785), it did affect the percentage of transient RLN palsy in group II vs. group I (0.41% vs. 1.34%, p<0.00001), while the percentage of permanent RLN palsy in group I was statistically significantly higher than in group II (4.77% vs. 3.05%, p=0.0016). An increase in the percentage of postoperative clinical hypoparathyroidism in group II was observed (p<0.00001).
Conclusions: Over 25 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of surgeries performed for thyroid cancer. The range of surgeries from partial resections to total excision of the thyroid gland has changed, and the increased range of surgeries did not have a statistically significant effect on the number of vocal fold paralysis, but increased the percentage of hypoparathyroidism.
Performing an early (within 10 week) esophagogram and endoscopic dilatation after surgical correction of Type III esophageal atresia
Authors: Pai Nitin G , Sengar Mamta , Gupta Chhabi Ranu , Khan Niyaz Ahmed , Mohta Anup 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Aim: Esophageal atresia (EA) is complicated by a high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and anastomotic stricture. Active management in the form of early esophagoscopy at two months may aid in reducing mortality and long-term morbidity in these patients.
Methods: Neonates undergoing primary anastomosis for type C esophageal atresia were prospectively enrolled and followed up in the study. Contrast esophagography and esophagoscopy were performed at one to two months of age to diagnose GER and esophageal stricture early.
Results: Among the 64 patients presenting with esophageal atresia, 57 underwent primary esophageal anastomosis at the neonatal age. Thirty-two neonates survived out of the 50 who had follow-up for at least 270 days were included. Anastomotic stricture was seen in 11 out of 32 (34%) infants. Ten of these could be dilated, requiring 1-7 (median 2) dilatations, and one needed surgical resection and redo-anastomosis.
Conclusion: Aggressive diagnosis, management of anastomotic stricture by early esophagoscopy is required to avert long-term issues in survivors of esophageal atresia.
Identification of emergencies in the telephone queue and routing to a fast track (FAST): study protocol for a prospective, two-armed cohort study
Authors: Eichler Sarah , Herrmann Tobias , Weidlich-Wichmann Uta , Vissiennon Kodjo , Pollmann Thorsten , Weller Lisa , Pommerenke Christopher , Kroll Lars , Alix Nicolas , Dietsch Tanja , von Stillfried Dominik , Carnarius Sebastian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: In Germany, the telephone patient service 116117 for callers with non-life-threatening health issues is available 24/7. Based on structured initial assessment, urgency and placement of suitable medical care offer have been offered since 2020. The service has been in increasing demand for several years: Depending on time and residence, this can result in longer waiting times.
Methods: Prospective, two-armed cohort study with two intervention groups and one control group, alternating between blinding and unblinding for employees of 116117 regarding prioritization status. Two interventions based on automated voice dialogues (1: Simple self-rating tool, 2: Automated brief query of emergency symptoms). In case of high level of urgency, callers are prioritized. Validation of urgency and need for care is carried out routinely based on structured initial assessment.
Discussion: By creating and providing a largely reproducible documentation of the implemented solutions for a waiting queue management, the developed approach would be available for comparable projects in the German health care system or in the European context. This potentially leads to a reduction in the use of resources in the development of comparable technical solutions based on automated voice dialogs.
Trial registration: DRKS00031235, registered on 10th November 2023, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00031235
Solid-state NMR assignment of α-synuclein polymorph prepared from helical intermediate
Authors: Ahlawat Sahil , Mehra Surabhi , Gowda Chandrakala , Maji Samir K , Agarwal Vipin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein protein aggregates in the neurons and glial cells. Both in vivo and in vitro α-synuclein fibrils tend to show polymorphism. Polymorphism results in structure variations among fibrils originating from a single polypeptide/protein. The polymorphs usually have different biophysical, biochemical and pathogenic properties. The various pathologies of a single disease might be associated with distinct polymorphs. Similarly, in the case of different synucleinopathies, each condition might be associated with a different polymorph. Fibril formation is a nucleation-dependent process involving the formation of transient and heterogeneous intermediates from monomers. Polymorphs are believed to arise from heterogeneous oligomer populations because of distinct selection mechanisms in different conditions. To test this hypothesis, we isolated and incubated different intermediates during in vitro fibrillization of α-synuclein to form different polymorphs. Here, we report 13C and 15N chemical shifts and the secondary structure of fibrils prepared from the helical intermediate using solid-state nuclear magnetic spectroscopy.
Design and characterization of a silicon MEMS microvalve for proportional flow control based on electrostatic bending actuators
Authors: Jongmanns Marcel , Kaiser Bert , Ruffert Christine , Langa Sergiu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

We designed a MEMS microvalve based on the nanoscopic electrostatic drive (NED) technology [1]. NED actuators, electrostatically controlled bending beams, are implemented in a clamped-clamped configuration. A normally open plunger valve was designed and characterized. The device is manufactured from silicon. Gas flow rates of up to 37 SCCM can be proportionally controlled between 10% and 100%. A 10% leakage is always present at low backpressures (< 10 kPa) and increases to roughly 20% at 75 kPa backpressure. The structure has been tested up to backpressures of 300 kPa without damage to the structures, but the leakage increases to over 95%. Our unprecedented micro valve concept shows that it is possible to manufacture all-silicon MEMS microvalves with proportional control of the flow rate. The presented work is a proof of concept to test the capabilities of the NED technology for the use in microvalves. There are plans to decrease the leakage in future designs by introducing an additional sealing layer as well as manufacturing a shutter instead of a plunger design.
Enhancıng Healthcare Data Securıty In Fog Computıng: A Deep Spectral Gated Recurrent Neural Network-Based Intrusıon Detectıon System Approach
Authors: B Dhiyanesh , A Asha , G Kıruthıga , R Radha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cloud computing, which uses a centralized data-sharing model, allows sharing of confidential information. Fog computing (FC) extends cloud computing services to provide an intensive layer in an integrated healthcare environment. Quality service dependencies require more latency by taking advantage of feature optimization. Due to legacy integrity problems, confidential management services are affected by security issues. Healthcare management with cloud-based support is often an effective mechanism for managing healthcare data. However, cyber security poses severe problems for healthcare data because attackers create malicious signatures to create security breaches. Increasing demand for services does not protect information from attacker intrusion. Most systems fail to analyze the behavioral features of intrusion data in network logs, leading to detection failures. To resolve this problem, we propose implementing a Deep Spectral Gated Recurrent Neural Network (DSGRNN)--based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to determine the intrusion and improve detection accuracy. Initially, data normalization is carried out to pre-process Darknet-IDS data. Transmission Flow Defect Rate (TFDR) and Interference Defect Behaviour Rate Analysis (IDBRA) are used to identify feature margins. Adaptive spider ant colony optimization is applied to reduce the feature dimension, and detection is achieved using DSGRNN to detect the IDS. This proposed system produces high performance and identifies behavioral logs from the dark net dataset to improve classification accuracy. This improves the precision-recall rate (F-measure) and IDS identity. This provides high performance compared to other systems to ensure security based on detection accuracy of potential threats.
On the difference between atom-bond sum-connectivity index and Randić index of binary trees and chemical trees
Authors: Kannan Aarthi , Elumalai Suresh , Mondal Sourav , Balachandran Selvaraj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Topological indices are numerical graph invariants generated from molecular graphs of chemicals to explain their structural properties. The atom-bond sum-connectivity (ABS) index and Randić (R) index are among the widespread graph invariants. The central theme of this work is the difference between these two indices, which is formulated for a graph G as ABS(G)-R(G)=\sum\limits_{fg\in E(G)} \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{d_fd_g(d_f+d_g)}} \left(\sqrt{d_fd_g(d_f+d_g-2)}-\sqrt{d_f+d_g}\right), where df stands for the degree of the vertex f in graph G. The primary objective of the article is to identify extremals over the set of all binary trees and chemical trees for ABS(G)-R(G). Furthermore, we aim to examine the significance of ABS(G)-R(G) in the structure-property modelling of molecules.