bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transradial approach for coronary angioplasty in the setting of acute myocardial infarction: A dual‐center registry
Authors: Louvard Yves , Ludwig Josef , Lefèvre Thierry , Schmeisser Alexander , Brück Martin , Scheinert Dierk , Loubeyre Christophe , Klinghammer Lutz , Morice Marie‐Claude , Flachskampf Frank A. , Daniel Werner G. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAlthough transradial angioplasty has been shown to have no major entry site–related complications, its clinical applicability for balloon angioplasty and stenting in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is unclear. In order to assess the feasibility, safety, and clinical outcome of transradial access for coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stenting during AMI, transradial angioplasty for AMI was registered on a prospective database at two European sites (A and B) with experience in the radial approach (RA); 6 Fr catheters with an inner lumen of at least 0.064″ and low‐profile rapid‐exchange balloons were used. Primary success rates and procedural complications of 6 Fr RA were determined and compared to 6 Fr femoral approach (FA) procedures. A total of 1,224 AMI patients entered the registry. Study site A enrolled 185 RA patients (13.6% AMI) and study site B 92 RA patients (63.4%). Patient baseline demographics were similar in both study centers and showed no differences between RA and FA patients, except a more frequent use of abciximab in study site B compared to A. PTCA was successful in > 95% of both RA and FA patients. Total procedural time did not differ between RA and FA patients. Severe access site–related bleeding complications, however, were observed in FA patients only: study site A used closure devices routinely and found 2% severe bleedings; study site B used no closure device for FA patients and observed 7% severe bleedings. In selected patients and in experienced hands, transradial PTCA in AMI has a high success rate, is clinically safe, and could become an attractive alternative access site for patients being at high or even low risk for bleeding complications. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:206–211. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Noncoronary transradial angioplasty with coronary equipment: A less invasive technique
Authors: Sharma G.L. , Louvard Yves , Morice Marie Claude , Lefevre Thierry , Loubeyre Christophe , Dumas Pierre , Piechaud Jean François 
Published: September 2002

AbstractAs the safety and feasibility of the transradial approach for percutaneous coronary interventions have already been established by many series, we evaluate the safety and feasibility of this approach in noncoronary interventions such as renal, celiac, mesenteric, and subclavian angioplasty procedures. We present here our preliminary experience of noncoronary interventions via the transradial approach using coronary equipment with 100% technical and clinical success. Nine noncoronary interventions were performed in seven patients (five renal, two celiac, one mesenteric and subclavian angioplasty each). The advantage of this approach is that it limits arterial wall damage as well as potential distal embolization by the use of small guiding catheters and 0.014″ guidewires. The only limitation of this approach for noncoronary interventions is the guiding catheter length in tall patients and the unavailability of large coronary balloons for subclavian, celiac, and renal interventions. With the miniaturization of equipment and improvements in technique, this approach will also become an excellent alternative for noncoronary interventions. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:197–205. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multicenter Palmaz stent renal artery stenosis revascularization registry report: Four‐year follow‐up of 1,058 successful patients
Authors: Dorros Gerald , Jaff Michael , Mathiak Lynne , He Thomas 
Published: September 2002

AbstractPalmaz‐Schatz stent revascularization of renal artery stenosis was successfully performed on 1,058 patients who were entered into a voluntary, multicenter registry. The revascularization procedures were performed because of poorly controlled hypertension, preservation of renal function, and congestive heart failure. All 1,058 patients were eligible for ≥ 6‐month clinical follow‐up, which focused on subsequent renal function, blood pressure, number of antihypertensive medications, and survival. At 4‐year follow‐up, systolic and diastolic blood pressures had significantly decreased (168 ± 27 mm Hg to 147 ± 21 mm Hg, and 84 ± 15 to 78 ± 12 mm Hg; P < 0.05) and the blood pressure appeared to be more facilely controlled as indicated by the concomitant decrease in number of antihypertensive medications (2.4 ± 1.1 to 2.0 ± 1.0; P < 0.05). Serum creatinine had also significantly decreased (1.7 ± 1.1 to 1.3 ± 0.8 mg/dl; P < 0.05). The cumulative probability of survival was 74% ± 3% at 4 years. Survival was good for patients with normal (85% ± 3%) baseline renal function, fair (78% ± 5%) with mildly impaired renal function, and poor (49% ± 5%) with severely impaired renal function (baseline creatinine ≥ 2.0 mg/dl). The combination of impaired renal function and bilateral disease adversely effected survival (unilateral 55% ± 6% vs. bilateral 36% ± 11%; P < 0.05). Renal artery stent revascularization, in the presence of normal or mildly impaired renal function, had a beneficial effect on blood pressure control and on renal function (through stabilization or improvement). Survival was adversely effected by renal dysfunction despite adequate revascularization. Perhaps early diagnosis of renal artery stenosis and adequate revascularization prior to the onset of renal dysfunction could beneficially impact blood pressure control, preserve or prevent deterioration of renal function, and improve patient survival. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:182–188. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conserved ‘hypothetical’ proteins: new hints and new puzzles
Authors: Galperin Michael Y. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractConserved hypothetical proteins, i.e. conserved proteins whose functions are still unknown, pose a challenge not just to functional genomics but also to general biology. For many conserved proteins, computational analysis provides only a general prediction of biochemical function; their exact biological functions have to be established through direct experimentation. In the few cases when this has been accomplished, the results were remarkable, revealing the deoxyxylulose pathway and a new essential enzyme, the ITP pyrophosphatase. Comparative genome analysis is also instrumental in illuminating unsolved problems in biology, e.g. the mechanism of FtsZ‐independent cell division in Chlamydia, Ureaplasma and Aeropyrum or the role of uncharacterized conserved domains in signal transduction. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elongation of hair cell stereocilia is defective in the mouse mutant whirler
Authors: Holme Ralph H. , Kiernan Brent W. , Brown Steve D.M. , Steel Karen P. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe recessive mouse mutant whirler (wi) shows no response to sound and exhibits circling and head‐tossing behaviour, indicative of both auditory and vestibular dysfunction. The wi mutation maps genetically to mouse chromosome 4. We examined the organ of Corti of whirler mutants to explore the possibility that the wi mutation affects sensory hair cells. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that the specialised microvilli (stereocilia) that are projected by the sensory hair cells and are vital for sound transduction are abnormal in wi homozygotes. Specifically, wi homozygous inner hair cell (IHC) stereocilia are approximately half the length of equivalent stereocilia in heterozygous littermates. They are arranged normally into ranks, but the gradation in height and width of stereocilia in adjacent ranks is less prominent in wi homozygotes. Analysis of IHC stereocilia during the course of their development shows that, by embryonic day 18.5, mutant stereocilia are already significantly shorter than those in controls. Mutant stereocilia elongate at a normal rate, at least until postnatal day 1, but prematurely stop elongating between postnatal days 1 and 4. Stereocilia length then decreases. At postnatal day 15, outer hair cell (OHC) stereocilia in wi homozygotes appear short and are arranged in a rounded, “U” shape rather than the normal “W” or “V” shape. Eventually, both IHCs and OHCs degenerate. We show that the whirler locus encodes a protein(s) required for the elongation and maintenance of IHC and OHC stereocilia. J. Comp. Neurol. 450:94–102, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Normal dendritic arborization in spinal motoneurons requires neurofilament subunit L
Authors: Zhang Zaixiang , Casey Diane M. , Julien Jean‐Pierre , Xu Zuoshang 
Published: September 2002

AbstractNeurofilaments, composed of three polypeptide subunits, NF‐L, NF‐M, and NF‐H, are major cytoskeletal elements in large neurons with long axons. Neurofilaments play a critical role in the development of axonal diameter; however, their role in the development of dendrites is largely unknown. By overexpressing different neurofilament subunits, we previously demonstrated that alteration of neurofilament subunit composition resulted in dramatic changes in dendritic arborization. To further determine the role of neurofilaments in dendritic growth, we examined and compared the dendritic architecture of spinal cord neurons in young NF‐L knockout (−/−), heterozygous (+/−), and wild‐type (+/+) mice. We show that an absence or reduction in the expression of NF‐L inhibited dendritic growth most dramatically in large motoneurons, mildly in medium neurons, but had no effect on small neurons. We also reveal that a decrease in NF‐L leads to an increase in NF‐M and NF‐H subunits in cell bodies and their reduction in dendrites. These results demonstrate that NF‐L is a critical intrinsic factor for dendritic growth in large motoneurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 450:144–152, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ontogenetic organization of the FMRFamide immunoreactivity in the nervus terminalis of the lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri
Authors: Fiorentino Maria , D'Aniello Biagio , Joss Jean , Polese Gianluca , Rastogi Rakesh K. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe development of the nervus terminalis system in the lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri, was investigated by using FMRFamide as a marker. FMRFamide immunoreactivity appears first within the brain, in the dorsal hypothalamus at a stage around hatching. At a slightly later stage, immunoreactivity appears in the olfactory mucosa. These immunoreactive cells move outside the olfactory organ to form the ganglion of the nervus terminalis. Immunoreactive processes emerge from the ganglion of the nervus terminalis in two directions, one which joins the olfactory nerve to travel to the brain and the other which courses below the brain to enter at the level of the preoptic nucleus. Neither the ganglion of the nervus terminalis nor the two branches of the nervus terminalis form after surgical removal of the olfactory placode at a stage before the development of FMRFamide immunoreactivity external to the brain. Because this study has confirmed that the nervus terminalis in lungfish comprises both an anterior and a posterior branch, it forms the basis for discussion of homology between these branches and the nervus terminalis of other anamniote vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 450:115–121, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Premotor circuits controlling eyelid movements in conjunction with vertical saccades in the cat: I. The rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus
Authors: Chen Bingzhong , May Paul J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractSaccadic eye movements in the vertical plane are controlled by the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) and the interstitial nucleus of Cajal. Eye movements in the vertical direction are accompanied by concurrent upper eye lid movements. These gaze‐related lid movements are produced by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, whose motoneurons are located in the caudal central subdivision (CCS) of the oculomotor nucleus. The neural circuits that direct such gaze‐related lid movements were examined by use of both conventional and dual neuronal tracing methods in the cat. Injections of wheat germ agglutinin‐conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA‐HRP) into the area of the CCS revealed a distinctive subset of retrogradely labeled neurons located in the caudomedial portion of the riMLF. This subset of riMLF neurons was not labeled when injections were localized within the oculomotor nucleus proper, without involving the CCS. Injections of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) that included this caudomedial riMLF region anterogradely labeled axons that projected profusely throughout the CCS. Labeled terminals were seen in close association with retrogradely labeled levator palpebrae motoneurons, which were primarily found contralateral to WGA‐HRP muscle injections. Ultrastructural examination revealed that most BDA‐labeled terminals contained clear spherical vesicles and formed asymmetrical synaptic contacts, primarily on the proximal dendrites of WGA‐HRP‐labeled motoneurons. A few had pleiomorphic vesicles. In summary, these results strongly suggest that the caudomedial part of the cat riMLF is a premotor center that monosynaptically controls lid movements in conjunction with vertical saccades. J. Comp. Neurol. 450:183–202, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non‐Gaussian invariant measures for the Majda model of decaying turbulent transport
Authors: Vanden Eijnden Eric 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe problem of turbulent transport of a scalar field by a random velocity field is considered. The scalar field amplitude exhibits rare but very large fluctuations whose typical signature are fatter than Gaussian tails for the probability distribution of the scalar. The existence of such large fluctuations is related to clustering phenomena of the Lagrangian paths within the flow. This suggests an approach to turn the large deviation problem for the scalar field into a small deviation, or small ball, problem for some appropriately defined process measuring the spreading with time of the Lagrangian paths. Here, such a methodology is applied to a model proposed by Majda consisting of a white‐in‐time linear shear flow and some generalizations of it where the velocity field has finite, or even infinite, correlation time. The non‐Gaussian invariant measure for the (reduced) scalar field is derived and, in particular, it is shown that the one‐point distribution of the scalar has stretched exponential tails, with a stretching exponent depending of the parameters in the model. Different universality classes for the scalar behavior are identified which, all other parameters being kept fixed, display a one‐to‐one correspondence with a exponent measuring time persistence effects in the velocity field. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Compactness in Ginzburg‐Landau energy by kinetic averaging
Authors: Jabin Pierre‐Emmanuel , Berthame Benoît 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe consider a Ginzburg‐Landau energy for two dimensional divergence free fields appearing in the gradient theory of phase transition for instance. We prove that, as the relaxation parameter vanishes, families of such fields with finite energy are compact in Lp (Ω). Our proof is based on a kinetic interpretation of the entropies which were introduced by Desimone, Kohn, Müller and Otto. The so‐called kinetic averaging lemmas allow to generalize their compactness results. Also the method yields a kinetic equation for the limit where the right‐hand side is an unknown kinetic defect bounded measure from which we deduce some Sobolev regularity. This measure also satisfies some cancellation properties depending on its local regularity, which seem to indicate several level of singularities in the limit. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A parallel Viterbi decoding algorithm
Authors: Reeve J. S. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractIn this paper we express the Viterbi algorithm as a matrix–vector reduction in which multiplication is replaced by addition and addition by minimization. The resulting algorithm is then readily parallelized in a form suitable for implementation on a systolic processor array. We describe the algorithm for Bose–Chaudhuri–Hocquenghem (BCH) codes which have a task graph with its valence restricted to four inputs and four outputs. The method is also applicable to convolution codes, but the complexity of the task graph increases with the number of input bits for these codes. Results for BCH codes are given for two general purpose parallel machines, an IBM SP2 and a Meiko CS2. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic configuration of access control for mobile components inFarGo
Authors: Gidron Yoad , Ben‐Shaul Israel , Holder Ophir , Aridor Yariv 
Published: September 2002

AbstractComponent mobility is an important enabling technology for the design of wide area pervasive applications, but it introduces new challenges in the critical aspect of access control. In particular, when mobility is used for dynamic relocation of distributed components, access from both remote and local mobile components needs to be uniformly controlled. The dynamic determination of execution location, possibly crossing multiple administrative authorities, requires dynamic establishment and enforcement of access control. The deployment over widely heterogeneous hosts and devices requires integration of access control with dynamic probing of resource availability so as to influence the relocation process.This paper presents a model for dynamic specification and enforcement of access control in the context of dynamically relocatable components, and an implementation in the Java‐basedFarGoframework. The specification follows a negotiation‐based protocol that enables dynamic matching of available and required resources by providers and consumers, respectively. Enforcement is provided through a capability‐based secure component reference architecture, which uniformly applies to both local and remote references, and through instance‐level, as opposed to type‐level (supported in Java), access control. Finally, access control is integrated into the programming model in a non‐intrusive fashion, by separating the encoding of access control from the encoding of the logic of the application. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance investigation of an on‐line auction system
Authors: Hillston Jane , Kloul Leïla 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe standard design of on‐line auction systems places most of the computational load on the server and its adjacent links, resulting in a bottleneck in the system. In this paper, we investigate the impact, in terms of the performance of the server and its adjacent links, of introducing active nodes into the network. The performance study of the system is done using the stochastic process algebra formalism PEPA. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault‐tolerant holonic manufacturing systems
Authors: Fletcher Martyn , Deen S. Misbah 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThis paper presents a model of fault‐tolerant holonic manufacturing systems (HMS) where each holon's activities are controlled by an intelligent software agent. Multiple agents schedule actions, resolve conflicts and manage information to produce, transport, assemble, inspect and store customized products. Our model provides robustness and distribution transparency across a shop‐floor where unpredictable failures occur with machines, control software and communication networks. Each autonomous holon is composed of a hierarchy of large‐grain functional components where interaction is carried out by user‐defined cooperation strategies. These strategies enable holons to coordinate their behaviour through exchanging messages and sensing/actuating of their shared environment. Therefore, holonic agents can select suitable rescheduling and recovery mechanisms to tolerate faults and keep the manufacturing system working. We also propose how the IEC 1499 standard (Function Block Architecture) for distributed control systems could be used to implement our model. The model presented here is a crystallization of some abstract concepts from a generic cooperating agent system, with suitable extensions to meet the criteria of the ongoing HMS project. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parallel solvers for discrete‐time algebric Riccati equations
Authors: Mayo Rafael , Quintana‐Ortí Enrique S. , Quintana‐Ortí Gregorio , Hernández Vicente 
Published: September 2002

AbstractWe investigate the numerical solution of discrete‐time algebraic Riccati equations on a parallel distributed architecture. Our solvers obtain an initial solution of the Riccati equation via the disc function method, and then refine this solution using Newton's method. The Smith iteration is employed to solve the Stein equation that arises at each step of Newton's method. The numerical experiments on an Intel Pentium‐II cluster, connected via a Myrinet switch, report the performance and scalability of the new algorithms. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finding performance bugs with the TNO HPF benchmark suite
Authors: Denissen Will , Sips Henk J. 
Published: September 2002

AbstractHigh‐Performance Fortran (HPF) has been designed to provide portable performance on distributed memory machines. An important aspect of portable performance is the behavior of the available HPF compilers. Ideally, a programmer may expect comparable performance between different HPF compilers, given the same program and the same machine.To test the performance portability between compilers, we have designed a special benchmark suite, called the TNO HPF benchmark suite. It consists of a set of HPF programs that test various aspects of efficient parallel code generation. The benchmark suite consists of a number of template programs that are used to generate test programs with different array sizes, alignments, distributions, and iteration spaces. It ranges from very simple assignments to more complex assignments such as triangular iteration spaces, convex iteration spaces, coupled subscripts, and indirection arrays.We have run the TNO HPF benchmark suite on three compilers: the PREPARE prototype compiler, the PGI‐HPF compiler, and the GMD Adaptor HPF compiler. Results show performance differences that can be quite large (up to two orders of magnitude for the same test program). Closer inspection reveals that the origin of most of the differences in performance is due to differences in local enumeration and storage of distributed array elements. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Techniques for compiling and implementing all NAS parallel benchmarks in HPF
Authors: Nishitani Yasunori , Negishi Kiyoshi , Ohta Hiroshi , Nunohiro Eiji 
Published: September 2002

AbstractThe NAS parallel benchmarks (NPB) are a well‐known benchmark set for high‐performance machines. Much effort has been made to implement them in High‐Performance Fortran (HPF). In previous attempts, however, the HPF versions did not include the complete set of benchmarks, and the performance was not always good. In this study, we implement all eight benchmarks of the NPB in HPF, and parallelize them using an HPF compiler that we have developed. This report describes the implementation techniques and compiler features necessary to achieve good performance. We evaluate the HPF version on the Hitachi SR2201, a distributed‐memory parallel machine. With 16 processors, the execution time of the HPF version is within a factor of 1.5 of the hand‐parallelized version of the NPB 2.3 beta. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.