bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Міжнародні фактори 1990 – 2020-х років і розвиток пострадянської Естонії
Authors: Орлова Т.В. 
Published: January 2025

У статті на прикладі окремої пострадянської держави, а саме Естонії досліджуються тенденції політичного і економічного розвитку світу, які виявлялися і виявляються у певних міжнародних факторах, що впливають на всі країни. Хронологічні рамки дослідження обіймають останні три десятиріччя, коли за кризових умов відбувається кардинальна зміна світового порядку. Провідним трендом визначено боротьбу демократичних сил, орієнтованих на Захід з його пріоритетом інноваційного розвитку, проти тиранії, що є архаїкою, здебільшого притаманної Сходу.
Однією з провідних тенденцій всесвітньої історії є зіткнення цивілізацій, яке загострилося наприкінці ХХ – на початку ХХІ ст. Деякі землі опинилися у лімесі, тобто на окраїнах імперій або цивілізацій. До кола таких країн відносяться країни Балтії, а також Україна. Нині має місце справжня війна цивілізацій, епіцентр якої – в Україні з «радіацією» на інші території. Пропонована студія має значення з огляду на цінність балтійського, естонського досвіду виживання і розвитку за умов криз не тільки цивілізаційної, але й кризи фазового переходу – від індустріального до постіндустріального/інформаційного суспільства. Серед важливих умов – орієнтація на європейську культурно-історичну спільноту. Висвітлюється головна небезпека незалежному поступу з російського боку у її різноманітних проявах. Конкретизується підстави та конкретні прояви союзництва Естонії з Україною у протистоянні імперству та агресії.
Встановлено, що саме орієнтація Естонії на Європу і Європи на Естонію відіграла вирішальну роль у зміцненні демократії і усього того, чому та сприяє – від вільного ринку до покращення життя населення. В ролі гарантів виступили Європейський Союз і НАТО, шлях до яких не був простим і швидким. Також виявлено новаторський підхід естонців до розв’язання проблеми ресурсів в той час, коли найбільшого значення набувають постматеріальні цінності, зростає роль людського фактору. В естонському випадку важливу роль відіграв менталітет: поєднання традиційних чесності і наполегливості у досягненні мети із спроможністю до креативності, яка стала головним важелем змін у час трансформацій світоустрою.
Створення і діяльность Міждержавної Двосторонньої українсько-словацької комісії з питань національних меншин, освіти та культури в першій половині 1990-х рр.
Authors: Алмашій В.В. 
Published: January 2025

Стаття присвячена комплексному дослідженню передумов та започаткування двостороннього українсько-словацького етнополітичного співробітництва першої половини 1990-х рр. Відзначається, що демонтаж комуністичного режиму та багаторівнева демократизація на початку 1990-х рр. свідчили про реалізацію Словаччиною моделі «навздогінної модернізації», яка супроводжувалася національно-політичною трансформацією. З’ясовується, що суперечливий і конфліктний зміст суспільно-політичної моделі Словаччини за гібридного політичного режиму прем’єрства В. Мечіара був обумовлений декларативним пошуком країною власного національного шляху між демократією та авторитаризмом, між консолідацією словацької нації та нагнітанням міжетнічної напруги, між реалізацією прозахідного курсу й активізацією співпраці з Росією, між розбудовою ринкової економіки та посиленням державного регулювання.
Згадується, що цьому передували трансформаційні процеси кінця 1989 – початку 1990-х рр. у Закарпатській області України, де спостерігалося протистояння української національно-демократичної та комуністичної партноменклатурної еліт. Етнополітичний розвиток Закарпаття (особливо першої половини 1990-х рр.) був відзначений проблемою політичного русинства, яке в умовах незалежної української держави зазнало значної трансформації та було дискредитоване.
Разом з тим, констатується, що з метою толерантного, виваженого, дипломатичного вирішення питань, пов’язаних з безпековою ситуацією в середині української держави і довкола неї, була покликана вирішувати Міждержавна українсько-словацька комісія з питань забезпечення прав національних меншин, освіти та культури, основним завданням якої було сприяти створенню необхідних соціально-економічних та інших умов для збереження й розвитку етнічної, культурної, мовної і релігійної самобутності словацької національної меншин в Україні та української національної меншини у Словацькій Республіці.
Встановлюється, що Україна та Словаччина, друга після Угорщини з-поміж Східноєвропейських посткомуністичних країн започаткували і продовжили міждержавну співпрацю щодо взаємного захисту прав національних меншин, яка була прикладом ефективного спільного вирішення складних етнополітичних взаємин, спрямовану на ліквідацію міжетнічних суперечок, реалізацію прав національних меншин, розвиток добросусідських відносин з усіма межуючими державами та недопущення загрози виникнення етнічних конфліктів, що було однією з головних передумов вступу Центрально-Східноєвропейських держав до Європейського Союзу і НАТО.
Self Expression Etika Komunikasi Di Kalangan Mahasiswa (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Dakwah Dan Komunikasi Uin Raden Fatah Palembang)
Authors: Suryati  , Selvia Assoburu  , Dewi Sartika  
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri mahasiswa Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang dalam mengekspresikan diri dan berkomunikasi secara efektif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif denga jenis peneltian studi kasus., yang berlokasi di Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Jalan Prof. K. H. Zainal Abidin Fikri, Pahlawan, Kec. Kemuning, Kota Palembang, Sumatera Selatan. Teknik pengumpulan data ini dengan deskriptif kualitatif melalui tiga tahapan yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori self-Expression dari Kim, Heejung S. dan Deeborah Ko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan diri menjadi faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kemampuan mahasiswa Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Raden Fatah Palembang dalam mengekspresikan diri dan berkomunikasi secara efektif. Mahasiswa yang kurang percaya diri cenderung ragu dan khawatir membuat kesalahan saat berbicara. Dukungan sosial dari teman, keluarga, dan dosen sangat membantu meningkatkan kepercayaan diri mereka. Faktor budaya, terutama bahasa dan dialek daerah, juga mempengaruhi interaksi, di mana mahasiswa dengan latar belakang berbeda sering merasa tidak percaya diri. Kecemasan sosial menjadi hambatan besar bagi beberapa mahasiswa, yang menghindari situasi formal karena takut dikritik. Selain itu, keterampilan komunikasi yang kurang terlatih dan lingkungan pendidikan yang kurang mendukung partisipasi aktif juga memengaruhi self-expression mereka
Pelaksanaan Pengangkatan dan Pemindahan Pejabat Administrator Oleh Pejabat Pembina Kepegawaian di Lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Azoumy Nur Ghufran , Haryono Dodi , Separen Separen 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Administrator Officials are appointed and determined by the Staff Supervisory Officer. The implementation of the appointment and transfer of administrator officials within the Karimun Regency Government is considered not running optimally. There are administrator officials who sit in office but not in accordance with the requirements specified in PP No.11 of 2017 concerning Civil Servant Management.
Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the appointment and transfer of Administrator Officials by the Civil Service Supervisory Officials within the Karimun Regency Regional Government, to find out the obstacles and supporting factors in this implementation, and the efforts made by the government against this.
Methods of the Research: The type of research conducted is sociological legal research conducted in the Regional Government of Karimun Regency. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used are interviews, observation and literature review. The data is then analyzed which is qualitative in nature and then concluded using a deductive thinking method.
Results of the Research: The result of this study is the implementation of the appointment and transfer of Administrator Officials is done through performance appraisal by TPK PNS is not done because it is not found what is called TPK PNS. This causes there are Administrator Officials who are not in accordance with the requirements determined by laws and regulations such as there are officials who are less qualified.
Laboratory animal science and experimentation in India : Review of the last decade
Authors: S S Y H Qadri 
Published: January 2025

Ever since the revival of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (1960 )in 1998, the law was amended and implemented with renewed vigor, the animal welfare and laboratory animal experimentation has seen a major change. The strict imple mentation of the law during the early part of the decade led to the spilling of skeletons from cupboards of some very well known and established institutions in India. The implemen tation of the law not only revealed the lack of basic facilities and poor and unhygienic conditions in animal facilities, it also revealed the laid back attitude of those who were responsible. The increase in awareness that was achieved through the animal welfare movement in India was enormous. It has led to the improvement of laboratory animal facilities in several institutions and the commissioning and constitution of Institutional Animal Ethics Committees (IAEC) in all the CPCSEA (Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals), Animal Welfare Division, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, registered organizations. The IAEC is in turn playing a major role in improving the welfare of the animals used for experiments. Nevertheless, the improvement of animal facilities in the Pharmaceutical industry and the Contract Research Organizations (CRO) to this day are driven more by the need to attract and capture business than a true change in the heart for the welfare of animals. The race for acquiring Good Laboratory Practices and Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC International) accreditation in the private industry, and the contrasting laid back attitude in the Government sector as was evident before 1998 is a clear indication of this fact. It may also be considered here that the threat of the law and negative public opinion has played a significant effect on the Government Institutions and several of them did release funds and have improved the animal facilities in their respective organizations.
Care, breeding and management of laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: K N Kohale 
Published: January 2025

During the past few decades, zebrafish has gained respectable popularity as a vertebrate animal model in modern biology research. Several biological features inherited in zebrafish have invited attention of scientific community to use them in genetics and developmental biology research to substitute laboratory mouse. The origin of the laboratory zebrafish is traced to Ganges in East India and Burma, a fresh water fish found in slow stream and rice paddy. The zebrafish can easily adopt laboratory conditions and breed very well even in fluctuating environmental conditions. In research laboratory, zebrafish can be reared in less expensive glass aquarium or using more advance recirculating water system. The recirculating water system has many inbuilt features which help to provide optimum physical environment necessary for rearing fish in the healthy condi tions. In the present paper, attempts have been made to compile brief information about zebrafish breeding, embryo & larval culture, feeding, water quality control, physical environment and fish health monitoring necessary for rearing zebrafish in the research laboratory.
Microbiological assessment of laboratory rodents: Perspectives from laboratory animal facility of ACTREC
Authors: D Arvind , Shinde Arjun 
Published: January 2025

Detection of pathogenic organisms in any module of the conventionally bred animal facility is suggestive of possible infection in other strains/ modules of the facility as well. Timely diagnosis of the microbes prevailing in the conventional animal facility is possible if well planned screening program is in place. Laboratory Animal Facility of ACTREC breed and maintains 22 different strains of mice, two strains of hamsters and one rat strain. This paper report the microbiological screening results of rodent pathogens prevailing in the Laboratory animal Facility, ACTREC, India. Microbiological status of these strains was assessed by conventional microbiology using agar media and biochemical tests; readymade ELISA kits and PCR methods. Results of the conventional microbiology revealed that the rodents in ACTREC were reported positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococci aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus sp. Recent ELISA based results revealed presence of Mycoplasma pulmonis, CAR bacilli, Sendai, Tyzzer’s disease, MHV, Helicobacter hapaticus, Polyoma, Minute virus of mice, Pneumocystis carinii, Pasturella pneumotropica and Mouse Parvovirus; whereas PCR based methods revealed presence of Mycoplasma pulmonis, Sendai, Helicobacter hapaticus, Pneumocystis carinii, Helicobacter bilis, MNV, MHV and CAR bacilli. Effective quarantine, barrier maintenance, frequent surveillance for all recommended pathogens and eradication of the existing pathogens is the challenge to be accepted.
Effective treatment regimen for control and eradication of oxyurids in laboratory rodents
Authors: N Krishnaveni , S Sandhya , J S Rosa , B M Shrruthi , S G Ramachandra 
Published: January 2025

Pinworm infestation is more common in most conventional colonies of laboratory rodents. They usually do not exhibit any clinical signs and no adverse effects have been reported on reproduction in infested animals, although, there is an inverse relationship between bodyweight and degree of infestation in newly weaned rodents. It has been reported that oxyurid infestations influence experimental results and also interfere with research goals in number of ways. The prevalence of pinworms in rodent population depends on many factors, including environmental load, gender, age, strain, and immune status. Unlike many common viral diseases of laboratory mice, pinworm infestations can be treated. A rederivation program is highly recommended if other pathogens are present in the colony. Present study was carried out to evaluate the effective treatment regimen for oxyurid infestation. Rodent colonies were screened for adult oxyurid worms or eggs by cellophane tape or flotation method. This screening revealed the presence of pinworm in mouse and rat colonies. Treatment regimen included administration of combinations of fenbendazole and praziquantel for group I at the rate of 150 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively for 24 days through drinking water. Piperazine and ivermectin was administered for group II at the rate of 10.8 mg/mL for 14 days and 0.01mg/mL for next 14 days respectively through drinking water. No oxyurids were found in the colony after 28 days of treatment in group II. It was concluded based on the treatment regimen that piperazine and ivermectin combination was more effective in complete eradication of oxyurids in rodents.
Nutritional and toxicological evaluation of Jojoba (Simmondisa chinensis) oil meal in the complete feed of rabbits
Authors: L Kiran , V Nagabhushana , Nadoor Prakash , B Ramchandra , C B Madhavaprasad , Pawar Ashok 
Published: January 2025

Fourty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allotted to four equal dietary treatments consisting of complete mixed rations (16% CP; 15% CF) without (T0) and with 5 (T1), 15 (T2) and 25 (T3) per cent jojoba (Simmodsin chinensis) oil meal to study the toxicity as well as bone and meat characteristics. Supplementation of jojoba oil meal caused absolute mortality and the extent of mortality followed the dose response pattern. Fifty per cent of mortality rate was documented in T3 as early as 3rd week of experiment and at the end of 3rd week all experimental animals succumbed to death while no mortality recorded in control group. Chemical composition of meat and bone indicated significantly lower crude protein and ether extract contents in treated rabbits. Autopsy of rabbits which died in jojoba oil meal incorporated complete feed showed mild to severe dilated and congested mesenteric blood vessels and enlarged liver and kidney. Toxicopathological changes include hepatocellular swelling, bile duct hyperplasia, glomerular nephritis and thyroiditis indicative of simmondsin toxicity in rabbits due to jojoba oil meal.
Survey of health monitoring programmes from laboratory animal facilities in India
Authors: Devan R K Shakthi , Poosala Suresh 
Published: January 2025

Health monitoring in laboratory animals provides health status of the colony and helps in providing clean animals which plays a pivotal role in the outcome of the experimental results. The assessment of microbial status of the laboratory animals is considered as part of the animal care program. The primary objectives of the survey included were as follows: a) To understand the health status of the animals and health monitoring programs in India, b) To create a platform to share the ideas and practices followed among the laboratory animal care professionals, c) To provide solution to uplift the standards of these programs. The institutions that participated in this program were approved by the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision on Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) and some of them certified by Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) of the National GLP Compliance Monitoring Authority of Dept.of Science and Technology, Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC) and National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL). The response from each institution was obtained unanimously and the compiled results were maintained confidentially prior to disclosure in an appropriate forum. The responses showed that most of the institutions were following health monitoring programs and are required to harmonize testing methods and frequency based on the duration of experiments as well as the integrity of the facility.
Evaluation of antioxidant effects of neem based constituent azadirachtin-A in rat spermatozoa
Authors: Aladakatti Ravindranath H , Jadaramkunti Umadevi C , M B Hiremath 
Published: January 2025

Technical azadirachtin, a major component of neem, has low acute/subchronic toxicity and non-mutagenic/teratogenic in mammalian species along with minimal disruption to the ecosystem. The present in vitro study aims to address the potential evaluation of azadirachtin-A, a tetranortritarpinoid of neem seed kernel, on the antioxidant system of rat spermatozoa to promote oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. To assess the effect of the azadirachtin-A on activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, Glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), α-Glucosidase, production of Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat spermatozoa, increasing quantities 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM and 2.0 mM per ml of the azadirachtin-A was added to the cultured medium prior to the addition of cauda epididymal spermatozoa. The spermatozoa were observed at 6th h post-culture and the expressions of enzyme activities and production of H2O2, level of LPO were recorded. The activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly while the levels of H2O2 generation and LPO increased significantly in azadirachtin-A treated spermatozoa in a dose dependent manner when expressed in terms of milligram protein and milligram DNA. The activity of α- glucosidase, a negative control against antioxidant enzymes, did not show any significant change at any of the doses. The results suggest that graded doses of azadirachtin-A elicits depletion of antioxidant defense system in sperm, indicating azadirachtin-A induced oxidative stress in the epididymal sperm of rats.
Post Approval Monitoring of Research Protocols: A Review on Experimental Animals Perspective
Authors: Devan R K Shakthi , Parthiban N , Senthil R , Hushangabade Pravin 
Published: January 2025

Post approval monitoring (PAM) is an internal process for the ongoing research activities of approved protocols adopted by the institution. The primary goals are to ensure research methodology is conducted in accordance with the approval, evaluation of animal manipulations to reduce pain and distress, assessment of surgical procedures and post-operative care, to provide timely feedback to refine procedures and understand the proficiency of individuals on specific techniques of the species involved in experiments. The best approach should be collegial and facilitative of informed observations that provide an oversight of experiments conducted by principal investigators (PI’s) along with other researchers listed in the protocol. In general, institutions can efficiently monitor this PAM process through any researcher/veterinarian/ coordinator who have considerable research experience as well as involved in the protocol review process or may be part of ethical committee for effective oversight of the animal care program. The proactive approach is fostering scientific conversation with research personnel and builds relationship by adhering institutional policies on animal research which in turn creates a positive culture of compliance throughout the institution. Collectively, PAM observation is ensuring the quality, research integrity, compliance with regulations and well-being of animals that eventually provides an opportunity for identifying educational competency, training based on observation categories and enabling the systematic communication process between animal care technicians, veterinarians, investigators, ethics committee and management for better compliance and humane care and use of animals for research.
Calcium nanoparticles associated immuno - modulation in wistar rats
Authors: Kandpal Diksha , Neha  , Shodhan KV , Mewari Neeraj , Chauhan RS 
Published: January 2025

Calcium forms the important mineral component of the living system and any alterations in the calcium level may predispose to variety of conditions. Therefore, proper level of calcium in body is thus to be maintained. Being important mineral composition of the body, the various aspects of calcium has been characterized. Relatively, low irritation unlike other nanomaterials, calcium has now been used in nanotechnology. Literature with respect to immunotoxic and cytotoxic effect of calcium nanoparticles is not much cited. However, nanoparticles are known for their smaller size and higher reactivity. The effect of calcium nanoparticle on immunity was taken into focus in the present study. Wistar rats of either sex of 6 weeks age were divided into two groups of control and treatment and nanocalcium was administered daily for a period of 90 days by oral gavaging. Immunopathological alterations occurred/ encountered due to nanoparticle administration were recorded and the correlation was obtained on calcium nanoparticle being immunotoxic or non immunotoxic. Various parameters of evaluation was involved, Total Leucocyte Count (TLC), Absolute Leucocyte Count (ALC), Serum Globulin, Serum gamma globulin, Lymphocyte Stimulation Test (LST), Macrophage function test (MFT) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The alteration in the level of T-cell and B-cell population was evident of the immunotoxic and cytotoxic effect of calcium nanoparticles. But still much more research into the aspect is needed. Calcium nanoparticles like other metal nanoparticles have resulted in some of the similar results in the present study. As calcium nanoparticles are being used in gene therapy, drug delivery, vaccine adjuvants and many more, henceforth, immunopathological alteration due to calcium nanoparticles might help in knowing the varied aspects of calcium in-vivo.