bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanocrystalline Composite Layer Realized by Simple Sintering Without Surface Treatment, Reducing Hydrophilicity and Increasing Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Cha Hyun‐Ae , Ha Su‐Jin , Jang Hye‐Jeong , Ahn Byeong‐Min , Moon Young Kook , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Choi Jong‐Jin , Hahn Byung‐Dong , Han Sang‐Ho , Lim Jun , Ahn Do‐Cheon , Jung In Chul , Cho Kyung‐Hoon , Kim Do Kyung , Kim Jae Chul , Ahn Cheol‐Woo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe surface treatment for a polymer‐ceramic composite is additionally performed in advanced material industries. To prepare the composite without a surface treatment, the simplest way to manufacture an advanced ceramic‐particle is devised. The method is the formation of a nanocrystalline composite layer through the simple liquid‐phase sintering. Using magnesia (MgO) which shows hydrophilicity, a nanocrystalline surface layer is realized by liquid‐phase sintering. The amorphous matrix of nanocrystalline composite layer makes MgO hydrophobic and ensures miscibility with polymers, and the nanocrystalline MgO ensures high thermal conductivity. In addition, the liquid phase removes the open pores and makes the surface morphology smooth MgO with smooth surface (MgO‐SM). Thermal interface materials (TIM) prepared with MgO‐SM and epoxy show a high thermal conductivity of ≈7.5 W m−1K−1, which is significantly higher than 4.5 W m−1K−1 of pure MgO TIM. Consequently, the formation process of a nanocrystalline surface layer utilizing simple liquid‐phase sintering is proposed as a fabrication method for a next‐generation ceramic‐filler. In addition, it is fundamentally identified that the thermal conductivity of MgO depends on the Mg deficiency, and therefore a poly‐crystal MgO‐SM (produced at a low temperature) has a higher thermal conductivity than a single‐crystal MgO (produced at a high temperature).
Interpreting Precision Breeding: Key Legal Concepts Under International Law and Current Domestic Regulatory Approaches in the Global South
Authors: Rosado André 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn various countries, especially in the Global South, there is legal uncertainty about which products or organisms derived from precision breeding, also called new breeding technologies, are subject to biosafety regulation. It is not clear whether which precision breeding products are classified as Living Modified Organisms (LMOs), or Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), and therefore be subject to regulatory oversight under biosafety laws.This section, under Chap. 3 of Policies and Regulations, provides an overview of key definitions under international and national legislation to clarify the regulatory status of precision breeding products. This is done by assessing provisions under international biosafety law and national legislation in selected countries in the Global South. The outcome of this section is to provide a baseline for further discussion about the regulatory status of precision breeding globally.First, the background is presented, covering the development of international and national legal frameworks governing biosafety of LMOs and GMOs. Second, the legal definition of LMO and related terms under international law is discussed. Third, the GMO definition of national law in selected jurisdictions is presented. Fourth, a snapshot of the emergence of regulations governing precision breeding in the Global South is analyzed. Finally, key future perspectives to the regulatory status of precision breeding products are suggested.
The View of the European Seed Sector on Genome Editing Tools in Plant Breeding
Authors: Jorasch Petra , Vangheluwe Nick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReconciling sustainability with agricultural productivity relies strongly on crop improvement. The continuous development of new plant breeding methods and high investment in crop research has triggered an unprecedented acceleration of progress in crop productivity. Companies active in the seed sector are innovative to meet the challenging and ever-evolving needs of growers, farmers, consumers, and other actors of the agri-food value chain. Communication and stakeholder engagement are extremely important to identify shared values and goals in the transition to more sustainable food systems. The seed sector is characterised by a multitude of collaborations and partnerships that contribute to the development of improved, high-quality, and diverse plant varieties that address specific market needs. In this article, we describe on behalf of Euroseeds the view of the European seed sector on plant breeding innovation.
Prospects for Plant Genome Editing
Authors: Ricroch Agnès , Eriksson Dennis , Miladinović Dragana , Sweet Jeremy , Van Laere Katrijn , Woźniak-Gientka Ewa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGenome editing – the focus of this book – is a set of methods that provide opportunities to precisely and efficiently improve crop traits by tailoring genes and regulatory domains. In combination with genetic modifications (GM), RNA interference (RNAi), epigenetics and the range of -omics technologies, they offer multiple methods for enhancing crop production, crop protection, crop quality and climate change adaptation. Combining these technologies with traditional breeding and careful management of crop cultivation methods in integrated systems can make major contributions to improving the sustainability of agricultural production, particularly in response to climate change. These technologies could also contribute to achieving United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and national/EU policy objectives for agriculture, food safety, food security and the environment.
Gebäudezertifizierungen
Authors: Gebetsroither Michaela , Honic Meliha , Kovacic Iva , Löffler Christoph , Marx Klemens , Pamminger Rainer , Robbi Steffen , Sustr Christian , Schützenhofer Stefan , Weber Gundula 
Published: December 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Bauwesen hat erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Nachhaltigkeit, da hierbei große Energie- und Massenströme entstehen und Bauprodukte sowie Gebäude über einen langen Zeitraum auf die Umwelt und Gesellschaft einwirken. Nachhaltige Gebäudestandards, die hinsichtlich des Energieverbrauchs, relevanter Umweltauswirkungen, der Qualität der Innengestaltung sowie der optimalen Nutzung quantifizieren, fanden ihren Ursprung bereits in den 1990iger Jahren und nehmen seither einen größeren Stellenwert am österreichischen Markt ein (TU Wien TU Wien) Technische Universität Wien (2020). Lehrmaterialien zu Kreislaufwirtschaft und). Zunehmend auch im Bereich kreislauffähigen Bauens.
Fermion mass hierarchy in an extended left-right symmetric model
Authors: Bonilla Cesar , Cárcamo Hernández A. E. , Kovalenko Sergey , Lee H. , Pasechnik R. , Schmidt Ivan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present a Left-Right symmetric model that provides an explanation for the mass hierarchy of the charged fermions within the framework of the Standard Model. This explanation is achieved through the utilization of both tree-level and radiative seesaw mechanisms. In this model, the tiny masses of the light active neutrinos are generated via a three-loop radiative inverse seesaw mechanism, with Dirac and Majorana submatrices arising at one-loop level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the inverse seesaw mechanism being implemented with both submatrices generated at one- loop level. The model contains a global U(1)X symmetry which, after its spontaneous breaking, allows for the stabilization of the Dark Matter (DM) candidates. We show that the electroweak precision observables, the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments as well as the Charged Lepton Flavor Violating decays, μ → eγ, are consistent with the current experimental limits. In addition, we analyze the implications of the model for the 95 GeV diphoton excess recently reported by the CMS collaboration and demonstrate that such anomaly could be easily accommodated. Finally, we discuss qualitative aspects of DM in the considered model.
Accuracy of intraoperative aberrometry versus modern preoperative methods in post-myopic laser vision correction eyes undergoing cataract surgery with capsular tension ring placement
Authors: Chen Allison J. , Long Christopher P. , Lu Tianlun , Garff Kevin J. , Heichel Christopher W. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the accuracy of intraoperative wavefront aberrometry (IWA) versus modern intraocular lens formulas in post-myopic laser vision correction (LVC) patients undergoing cataract surgery with capsular tension ring placement.

Methods
This is a retrospective chart review conducted at an academic outpatient center. All post-myopic LVC eyes undergoing cataract surgery with IWA from a single surgeon from 05/2017 to 12/2019 were included. All patients received a capsular tension ring (CTR). Mean numerical error (MNE), median numerical error (MedNE), and percentages of prediction error within 0.50D, 0.75D, and 1.00D were calculated for the above formulas.

Results
Twenty-seven post-myopic LVC eyes from 18 patients were included. In post-myopic LVC, MNE with Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA), Barrett True K (BTK), Haigis, Haigis-L, Shammas, SRK/T, Hill-RBF v3.0, and W-K AL-adjusted Holladay 1 were + 0.224, − 0.094, + 0.193, − 0.231, − 0.372, + 1.013, + 0.860, and + 0.630 (F = 8.49, p < 0.001). MedNE were + 0.125, − 0.145, + 0.175, + 0.333, + 0.333, + 1.100, + 0.880, and + 0.765 (F = 7.89, p < 0.001), respectively. BTK provided improved accuracy in both MNE (p < 0.001) and MedNE (p = .033) when compared to ORA in pairwise analysis. If the ORA vs. BTK-suggested IOL power were routinely selected, 30% and 15% of eyes would have projected hyperopic outcomes, respectively (p = 0.09).

Conclusions
Our study suggests that in post-myopic LVC eyes undergoing cataract surgery with CTRs, BTK performed more accurately than ORA with regard to accuracy and yielded a lower percentage of eyes with hyperopic outcomes. Haigis, Haigis-L, and Shammas yielded similar results to ORA with regard to accuracy and percentage of eyes with hyperopic outcomes. On average, Shammas and Haigis-L suggested IOLs that would yield outcomes more myopic than expected when compared to BTK.
EasyClick: an improved system for confocal microscopy of live roots with a user-optimized sample holder
Authors: Kaduchová Kateřina , Čmiel Vratislav , Koláčková Veronika , Pecinka Ales 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Main conclusion
We describe a user-optimized sample holder EasyClick for medium-sized plants that reduces root side movements and thus greatly extends the duration of live cell confocal microscopy.

Abstract
Preparation and mounting of the samples are key factors for successful live cell microscopy. To acquire biologically relevant data, it is necessary to minimize stress and avoid physical damage to plant tissues during the installation of the sample into the microscope. This is challenging, particularly when the whole plant is mounted as the living sample needs to be properly anchored in the microscopic system to obtain high-quality and high-resolution data. Here, we present a user-optimized sample holder EasyClick for live cell inverted confocal microscopic analysis of plant roots with diameters from 0.3 to 0.7 mm. The EasyClick holder was tested on an inverted confocal microscope using germinating plants of several cereals. Nevertheless, it can be directly used on other types of inverted microscopes from various producers and on different plant species. The EasyClick holder effectively restricts root lateral and vertical movements. This greatly improves the conditions for time-lapse microscopy of the samples of interest.
Pediatric and adult patients with ME/CFS following COVID-19: A structured approach to diagnosis using the Munich Berlin Symptom Questionnaire (MBSQ)
Authors: Peo Laura-Carlotta , Wiehler Katharina , Paulick Johannes , Gerrer Katrin , Leone Ariane , Viereck Anja , Haegele Matthias , Stojanov Silvia , Warlitz Cordula , Augustin Silvia , Alberer Martin , Hattesohl Daniel B. R. , Froehlich Laura , Scheibenbogen Carmen , Jason Leonard A. , Mihatsch Lorenz L. , Pricoco Rafael , Behrends Uta 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A subset of patients with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) fulfill the clinical criteria of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). To establish the diagnosis of ME/CFS for clinical and research purposes, comprehensive scores have to be evaluated. We developed the Munich Berlin Symptom Questionnaires (MBSQs) and supplementary scoring sheets (SSSs) to allow for a rapid evaluation of common ME/CFS case definitions. The MBSQs were applied to young patients with chronic fatigue and post-exertional malaise (PEM) who presented to the MRI Chronic Fatigue Center for Young People (MCFC). Trials were retrospectively registered (NCT05778006, NCT05638724). Using the MBSQs and SSSs, we report on ten patients aged 11 to 25 years diagnosed with ME/CFS after asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or mild to moderate COVID-19. Results from their MBSQs and from well-established patient-reported outcome measures indicated severe impairments of daily activities and health-related quality of life.
Conclusions: ME/CFS can follow SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients younger than 18 years, rendering structured diagnostic approaches most relevant for pediatric PCC clinics. The MBSQs and SSSs represent novel diagnostic tools that can facilitate the diagnosis of ME/CFS in children, adolescents, and adults with PCC and other post-infection or post-vaccination syndromes.

What is Known:• ME/CFS is a debilitating disease with increasing prevalence due to COVID-19. For diagnosis, a differential diagnostic workup is required, including the evaluation of clinical ME/CFS criteria.• ME/CFS after COVID-19 has been reported in adults but not in pediatric patients younger than 19 years.

What is New:• We present the novel Munich Berlin Symptom Questionnaires (MBSQs) as diagnostic tools to assess common ME/CFS case definitions in pediatric and adult patients with post-COVID-19 condition and beyond.• Using the MBSQs, we diagnosed ten patients aged 11 to 25 years with ME/CFS after asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or mild to moderate COVID-19.
Unified Grothendieck’s and Kwapień’s Theorems for Multilinear Operators
Authors: Núñez-Alarcón Daniel , Santos Joedson , Serrano-Rodríguez Diana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractKwapień’s theorem asserts that every continuous linear operator from $$\ell _{1}$$

ℓ
1

to $$\ell _{p}$$

ℓ
p

is absolutely $$\left( r,1\right) $$

r
,
1

-summing for $$1/r=1-\left| 1/p-1/2\right| .$$

1
/
r
=
1
-

1
/
p
-
1
/
2

.

When $$p=2$$

p
=
2

it recovers the famous Grothendieck’s theorem. In this paper we investigate multilinear variants of these theorems and related issues. Among other results we present a unified version of Kwapień’s and Grothendieck’s results that encompasses the cases of multiple summing and absolutely summing multilinear operators.
Diagnosing and grading gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia using semi-supervised deep learning on pathological images: development and validation study
Authors: Fang Shuangshuang , Liu Zhenyu , Qiu Qi , Tang Zhenchao , Yang Yang , Kuang Zhongsheng , Du Xiaohua , Xiao Shanshan , Liu Yanyan , Luo Yuanbin , Gu Liping , Tian Li , Liang Xiaoxia , Fan Guiling , Zhang Yu , Zhang Ping , Zhou Weixun , Liu Xiuli , Tian Jie , Wei Wei 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective
Patients with gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia (IM) were at risk for gastric cancer, necessitating an accurate risk assessment. We aimed to establish and validate a diagnostic approach for gastric biopsy specimens using deep learning and OLGA/OLGIM for individual gastric cancer risk classification.

Methods
In this study, we prospectively enrolled 545 patients suspected of atrophic gastritis during endoscopy from 13 tertiary hospitals between December 22, 2017, to September 25, 2020, with a total of 2725 whole-slide images (WSIs). Patients were randomly divided into a training set (n = 349), an internal validation set (n = 87), and an external validation set (n = 109). Sixty patients from the external validation set were randomly selected and divided into two groups for an observer study, one with the assistance of algorithm results and the other without. We proposed a semi-supervised deep learning algorithm to diagnose and grade IM and atrophy, and we compared it with the assessments of 10 pathologists. The model’s performance was evaluated based on the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and weighted kappa value.

Results
The algorithm, named GasMIL, was established and demonstrated encouraging performance in diagnosing IM (AUC 0.884, 95% CI 0.862–0.902) and atrophy (AUC 0.877, 95% CI 0.855–0.897) in the external test set. In the observer study, GasMIL achieved an 80% sensitivity, 85% specificity, a weighted kappa value of 0.61, and an AUC of 0.953, surpassing the performance of all ten pathologists in diagnosing atrophy. Among the 10 pathologists, GasMIL’s AUC ranked second in OLGA (0.729, 95% CI 0.625–0.833) and fifth in OLGIM (0.792, 95% CI 0.688–0.896). With the assistance of GasMIL, pathologists demonstrated improved AUC (p = 0.013), sensitivity (p = 0.014), and weighted kappa (p = 0.016) in diagnosing IM, and improved specificity (p = 0.007) in diagnosing atrophy compared to pathologists working alone.

Conclusion
GasMIL shows the best overall performance in diagnosing IM and atrophy when compared to pathologists, significantly enhancing their diagnostic capabilities.
Rhizomic communication practices bridging international students and the host society and beyond
Authors: Jokila Suvi , Mathies Charles 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEvidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted international student communities while reflecting wider societal inequalities. This study in the Finnish context examined international students’ experiences of the published national crisis communication and media usage during the first year of the pandemic. Using the national COVID-19 crisis communication practices as an example, we examined what kinds of strategies the international students deployed to access information in this non-English-speaking country and how they perceived the information communicated. Theoretically, we based the analysis on the theories of crisis communication and information inequality, which identify communication practices, such as language choice, that differentiate groups of people and impact their health outcomes. These are combined with rhizomic understanding, as reported by Deleuze and Guattari (1988/2020), of accessing media, and extended it to a mobile group of people (international students) living transnational lives. The data included interviews with international students studying at Finnish universities. The findings show that the students deployed five interlinked strategies to access information during the COVID-19 pandemic that highlight the heterogeneity of information and its usage, global asynchronousness of pandemic paths, and temporal changes in approaching information.
Effects of Dapagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease Across the Spectrum of Age and by Sex
Authors: Yu Margaret K. , Vart Priya , Jongs Niels , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Rossing Peter , McMurray John J.V. , Hou Fan-Fan , Douthat Walter , Khullar Dinesh , Langkilde Anna Maria , Wheeler David C. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Chertow Glenn M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin reduces the risk of progressive kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease, with and without type 2 diabetes. Whether its effects are uniform across the spectrum of age and among men and women is unknown.

Objective
We performed a pre-specified analysis in DAPA-CKD to evaluate efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin according to baseline age and sex.

Design
Prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Participants
A total of 4304 adults with chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2; urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio 200–5000 mg/g) with and without type 2 diabetes.

Intervention
Dapagliflozin 10 mg versus placebo once daily.

Main Measures
Primary endpoint was a composite of ≥ 50% sustained eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, and kidney or cardiovascular death. Secondary endpoints included kidney composite endpoint (same as primary composite endpoint but without cardiovascular death), cardiovascular composite endpoint (hospitalized heart failure or cardiovascular death), and all-cause mortality.

Key Results
Median follow-up was 2.4 years. Absolute risks of cardiovascular composite endpoint and all-cause mortality were higher in older patients. Absolute risk of kidney composite endpoint was highest in patients < 50 years (10.7 and 6.2 per 100 patient-years in the placebo and dapagliflozin groups, respectively) and lowest in patients ≥ 80 years (3.0 and 1.2 per 100 patient-years in the placebo and dapagliflozin groups, respectively). There was no evidence of heterogeneity of the effects of dapagliflozin on the primary or secondary endpoints based on age or sex. Neither age nor sex modified the effects of dapagliflozin on total or chronic eGFR slope.

Conclusions
Dapagliflozin reduced the risks of mortality, cardiovascular events, and CKD progression in older patients, including in septuagenarians and octogenarians who comprised 25% of participants. Ageism and/or therapeutic nihilism should not discourage the use of dapagliflozin in older women and men who are likely to experience considerable benefit.

Trial Registry
clinicaltrials.gov

NIH Trial Registry Number
NCT03036150
Blue emitting exciplex for yellow and white organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Rajeev Kavya , Vipin C. K. , Sajeev Anjali K. , Shukla Atul , McGregor Sarah K. M. , Lo Shih-Chun , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Narayanan Unni K. N. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWhite organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have several desirable features, but their commercialization is hindered by the poor stability of blue light emitters and high production costs due to complicated device structures. Herein, we investigate a standard blue emitting hole transporting material (HTM) N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine (NPB) and its exciplex emission upon combining with a suitable electron transporting material (ETM), 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ). Blue and yellow OLEDs with simple device structures are developed by using a blend layer, NPB:TAZ, as a blue emitter as well as a host for yellow phosphorescent dopant iridium (III) bis(4-phenylthieno[3,2-c]pyridinato-N,C2')acetylacetonate (PO-01). Strategic device design then exploits the ambipolar charge transport properties of tetracene as a spacer layer to connect these blue and yellow emitting units. The tetracene-linked device demonstrates more promising results compared to those using a conventional charge generation layer (CGL). Judicious choice of the spacer prevents exciton diffusion from the blue emitter unit, yet facilitates charge carrier transport to the yellow emitter unit to enable additional exciplex formation. This complementary behavior of the spacer improves the blue emission properties concomitantly yielding reasonable yellow emission. The overall white light emission properties are enhanced, achieving CIE coordinates (0.36, 0.39) and color temperature (4643 K) similar to daylight. Employing intermolecular exciplex emission in OLEDs simplifies the device architecture via its dual functionality as a host and as an emitter.
Graphical abstract