bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared parameter models for the joint analysis of longitudinal data and event times
Authors: Vonesh Edward F. , Greene Tom , Schluchter Mark D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractLongitudinal studies often gather joint information on time to some event (survival analysis, time to dropout) and serial outcome measures (repeated measures, growth curves). Depending on the purpose of the study, one may wish to estimate and compare serial trends over time while accounting for possibly non‐ignorable dropout or one may wish to investigate any associations that may exist between the event time of interest and various longitudinal trends. In this paper, we consider a class of random‐effects models known as shared parameter models that are particularly useful for jointly analysing such data; namely repeated measurements and event time data. Specific attention will be given to the longitudinal setting where the primary goal is to estimate and compare serial trends over time while adjusting for possible informative censoring due to patient dropout. Parametric and semi‐parametric survival models for event times together with generalized linear or non‐linear mixed‐effects models for repeated measurements are proposed for jointly modelling serial outcome measures and event times. Methods of estimation are based on a generalized non‐linear mixed‐effects model that may be easily implemented using existing software. This approach allows for flexible modelling of both the distribution of event times and of the relationship of the longitudinal response variable to the event time of interest. The model and methods are illustrated using data from a multi‐centre study of the effects of diet and blood pressure control on progression of renal disease, the modification of diet in renal disease study. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Four‐fold table cell frequencies imputation in meta analysis
Authors: Di Pietrantonj Carlo 
Published: July 2005

AbstractMeta analysis is a collection of quantitative methods devoted to combine summary information from related but independent studies. Because research reports usually present only data reductions and summary statistics rather than detailed data, the reviewer must often resort to rather crude methods for constructing summary effect estimate suitable for meta analysis pooling methods. When the studies involve a binary variable, both number of events and sample sizes are required to compute pooled estimate and its confidence interval. Sometimes, only summary statistics and related confidence intervals are provided in the publication. Although it is possible to estimate the standard error of each study's effect measure using the confidence interval from each study, this lack of detailed data compels the reviewers to use the inverse variance method to perform meta analysis, or to exclude the works with incomplete data. This paper shows three methods to reconstruct four‐fold tables when summary measures for binary data and related confidence intervals and sample sizes are provided. The methods are discussed through a wider application example to assess the reconstruction precision, and the impact of using reconstructed data on meta analysis results. These methods seem to yield a correct reconstruction if original measures are reported at least with two decimal places. Meta analysis results do not seem seriously affected by the use of reconstructed data. These methods allow the reviewer to use full meta analysis statistical tools, instead of the simple inverse variance method, and can greatly contribute to the completeness of systematic reviews. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytological properties of stromal cells derived from giant cell tumor of bone (GCTSC) which can induce osteoclast formation of human blood monocytes without cell to cell contact
Authors: Nishimura Makoto , Yuasa Kimitaka , Mori Kouki , Miyamoto Noriki , Ito Morihiro , Tsurudome Masato , Nishio Machiko , Kawano Mitsuo , Komada Hiroshi , Uchida Atsumasa , Ito Yasuhiko 
Published: July 2005

AbstractWhen human blood monocytes were cocultured with stromal cells derived from human giant cell tumor of bone (GCTSC) and a Millipore filter (0.4 μm) was interposed between monocytes and GCTSC, multinucleated giant cell formation of monocytes was induced. The multinucleated giant cells have characters as osteoclast‐like cells, indicating that a soluble osteoclast‐inducing factor(s) is secreted from GCTSC expressing RANK, RANKL/ODF/OPGL and TACE mRNA. Furthermore, OCIF/OPG inhibited GCTSC‐induced osteoclastogenesis, showing that the RANK–RANKL system is involved in GCTSC‐induced osteoclastogenesis and that soluble form of ODF/RANKL induces osteoclasts from monocytes. GCTSC expressed the cytokine mRNAs such as M‐CSF, GM‐CSF, IL‐3, IL‐4, IL‐6, and IFN‐γ mRNAs. None of IL‐1rα, IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐10, IL‐18, TNF‐α, GCSF and IFN‐γ could be detected in all culture media. A significant amount of IL‐6 could be detected in the culture media of all GCTSC. IL‐8 was found in the culture media of two GCTSC and two osteosarcoma‐derived cells. M‐CSF was detected in all culture media. GCTSC express CaSR, and stimulation of GCTSC with either extracellular Ca2+ or neomycin, agonist of CaSR, augumented the expression of RANKL. Some lines of GCTSC expressed alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and Cbfa1, suggesting that GCTSC are intimately related to osteoblastic lineage. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Inhibits NF‐kappa‐B in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: King Timothy A. , Ghazaleh Raed Abu , Juhn Steven K. , Adams George L. , Ondrey Frank G. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To determine the relationship between heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the proinflammatory, anti‐apoptosis mediator NF‐kappa‐B in squamous cell carcinoma.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:CA‐9‐22 cells were exposed to heat stress to induce the production of HSPs. Immunoblot and reporter gene experiments determined the inducibility of HSP production and the activation of cytokine‐induced NF‐kappa‐B. Immunoblot experiments determined the presence of the inhibitor‐k‐B‐α (IkBα).RESULTS:CA‐9‐22 cells can be induced by heat stress to produce HSPs at 100‐fold above baseline levels. The induction of HSPs prevents the activation and nuclear translocation of NF‐kappa‐B despite stimulation with IL‐1β and TNF‐α.CONCLUSIONS:Constitutive activation of NF‐kappa‐B is prevented by HSP induction through an increase in IkBα synthesis.SIGNIFICANCE:The induction of HSP70 alters the inflammatory milieu associated with squamous cell carcinoma progression through the inhibition of NF‐kappa‐B and may ultimately promote apoptosis in head and neck carcinoma.
Air and Bone Conduction Change after Stapedotomy and Partial Stapedectomy for Otosclerosis
Authors: Quaranta Nicola , Besozzi Gaspare , Fallacara Rosa Anna , Quaranta Antonio 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the results obtained in otosclerosis patient undergoing stapedotomy and partial stapedectomy.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:Retrospective review of surgical series. The guidelines of the American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery for the evaluation of results of treatment of conductive hearing loss were used.RESULTS:Pure tone average (0.5 to 3 kHz) air‐bone gap was 6.1 dB in the partial stapedectomy and 6 dB in the stapedotomy group. The air‐bone gap (ABG) closure rate did not differ between the 2 groups, except at 4 kHz, where stapedotomy group showed greater closure (P 0.003). Mean postoperative ABG gain was significantly (P <0.05) higher in the stapedotomy group at 2, 3, and 4 kHz. Mean postoperative air‐conduction gain did not differ significantly. Mean postoperative bone conduction (BC) change (1, 2, and 4 kHz) was 3.68 dB in partial stapedectomy and −0.02 dB in stapedotomy group, the difference being significant (P 0.007). Differences in BC change between the 2 groups were significant at each frequency.CONCLUSIONS:Similar good results can be obtained in experienced hands using either partial stapedectomy or stapedotomy technique. ABG closure rates were analogous in the 2 techniques as well as the complication rate. Although stapedotomy obtain better results at high frequencies, partial stapedectomy is associated with increased BC threshold at all frequencies.
Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI): New Frontiers in Adults and Children
Authors: Colletti Vittorio , Carner Marco , Miorelli Veronica , Guida Maurizio , Colletti Liliana , Fiorino Francesco 
Published: July 2005

Previous studies have considered only patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) older than 12 years as candidates for an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). Our study expands the potential criteria to include both children and adult subjects with other cochlear or cochlear nerve malfunctions who either would not benefit at all from a cochlear implant (eg, cochlear nerve aplasia or avulsion) or whose benefit was or would be severely compromised (eg, cochlear ossification, cochlear fracture).STUDY DESIGN:In our department, over the period from April 1997 to September 2002, 29 patients, 20 adults and 9 children, were fitted with ABIs. Their ages ranged from 14 months to 70 years. Thirteen subjects had tumors, 10 NF2 and 3 solitary vestibular schwannoma, and 16 patients had a variety of nontumor (NT) cochlear or cochlear nerve diseases. A retrosigmoid‐transmeatal approach was used in T and a retrosigmoid approach in NT patients. The electrode array was inserted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle and correct electrode positioning was monitored with the aid of electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (EABRs).RESULTS:Correct implantation was achieved in all patients. No complications were observed due to implantation surgery or related to ABI activation or long‐term use. Auditory sensations were induced in all patients with various numbers of electrodes (from 5 to 15). Different pitch sensations were identifiable with different electrode stimulation. Closed‐set word recognition, open‐set sentence recognition, and speech tracking scores achieved by the patients are reported in detail. The auditory performance of the patients showed significantly better outcomes than controls (Multicentric European clinical investigations on ABI with NF2).CONCLUSION:We have shown that the indications for the ABI can be extended to include NT patients with severe cochlear and/or cochlear nerve abnormalities. The degree of auditory benefit varies as a function of the underlying pathological conditions, with NT subjects exhibiting significantly better outcomes than the T patients.
BPPV and Variants: Improved Treatment Results with Automated, Nystagmus‐Based Repositioning
Authors: Nakayama Meiho , Epley John M. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:Although classical benign paroxysmal positional vertigo has generally been resolvable by routine manual repositioning maneuvers, nevertheless resistant cases and variants remain a significant problem. We investigated the efficacy of analyzing and treating positional vertigo with a system that provides unlimited, automated maneuverability of the patient while maintaining constant electronic monitoring of nystagmus.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A power‐driven, multi‐axial positioning chair combined with ongoing infrared video‐oculography was used to manage 986 subjects in a tertiary clinical setting with complaints of positional vertigo. A nystagmus‐based strategy and condition‐specific protocols were used.RESULTS:Significantly enhanced treatment outcomes were achieved, especially regarding intransigent and variant forms. Pertinent correlations were noted.CONCLUSION:This multi‐axial positioning chair combination provided enhanced diagnostic and treatment capabilities for managing positional vertigo, apparently due to improved analytical capability, precision repeatability, and unlimited 360‐degree maneuverability.SIGNIFICANCE:This advancement should be considered for tertiary management of complicated labyrinthine lithiasis.
Prevalence of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis in Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Adult Malaysians
Authors: Goh Bee‐See , Gendeh Balwant Singh , Rose Isa Mohamed , Pit Sabiha , Samad Shamim Abdul 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in adult Malaysians.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This cross‐sectional study involved 30 immunocompetent CRS patients who underwent surgery. Specimens were sent for mycology and histopathologic analysis for identification of fungi. Clinical and immunological workup was performed for atopy in all patients and controls.RESULTS:Fungal cultures were positive in 5 (16.7%) and 11 (36.7%) of 30 patients from nasal secretions and surgical specimens, respectively. Allergic mucin was found in 8 surgical specimens (26.7%). Hence, prevalence of AFS was 26.7%. The most common causative agent was Aspergillus sp. (54.5%). In 3 (37.5%) of 8 patients, AFS was found to be associated with asthma. Twenty‐five percent (2/8 patients) had aspirin intolerance, and 62.5% (5/8 patients) had elevated total immunoglobulin E levels. All patients had positive skin test reactivity to fungal allergen.CONCLUSIONS:This preliminary study suggests that AFS does exist in Malaysia. Proper handling of surgical specimens and accurate diagnosis by the pathologist and mycologist are essential.
Dermatophytosis of the Ear
Authors: Morinaka Setsuko 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVES:The prevalence and characteristics of patients with and without dermatophytosis of the ear were investigated.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Prospective clinical study. In 54 patients who complained of slight itching or accumulation of cerumen, and/or who had erythema and scales in the ears, the presence of dermatophytosis was examined by potassium hydroxide and dimethyl sulfoxide (KOH‐DMSO test).RESULTS:Nineteen patients had dermatophytosis of the ear. Dermatophytosis was more frequent in May and June. Other clinical characteristics did not differ markedly from those without dermatophytosis.CONCLUSION:About one third of patients had dermatophytosis and their characteristics were similar to those of patients without dermatophytosis except for seasonal variation.SIGNIFICANCE:Dermatophytosis of the ear may be increased. Its diagnosis is difficult without the KOH‐DMSO test.
Endoscopic Transpterygoid Approach to the Lateral Sphenoid Recess: Surgical Approach and Clinical Experience
Authors: Bolger William E. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:Pathology within a lateral recess of a widely pneumatized sphenoid sinus is difficult to access with the use of traditional open and current endoscopic surgical approaches. A new surgical procedure, the endoscopic transpterygoid approach, directly accesses this region. A clinical experience over several year with this approach is reported as well as a refined and updated description of the technique.SETTING:Tertiary care center.METHODS:Retrospective review of medical records of patients treated with the endoscopic transpterygoid approach to the lateral sphenoid recess.RESULTS:An endoscopic transpterygoid approach was performed in 9 patients, 6 to resect a middle fossa meningoencephalocele and repair the CSF leak and associated skull base defect, 2 for possible invasive fungal sinusitis, and 1 to marsupialize a symptomatic epidermoid cyst. Patients tolerated the approach well and no significant complications occurred.CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE:In selected cases, the endoscopic transpterygoid approach enables the otolaryngologist to meet modern demands to treat conditions in the lateral sphenoid using minimally invasive techniques that are well‐tolerated by patients. The surgical approach and the initial experience described herein is presented in the hopes that it can aid fellow otolaryngologists to help patients with challenging conditions in this region of the body.
Sinonasal Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Pediatric Lung Transplant Patients
Authors: Herrmann Brian W. , Sweet Stuart C. , Molter David W. 
Published: July 2005

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate sinonasal manifestations of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the pediatric lung transplant population.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Case series of children less than 18 years presenting with PTLD after pulmonary transplantation at St Louis Children's Hospital between Jan 1, 1990 and Dec 31, 2003.RESULTS:Two hundred eighty‐two lung transplants were performed in 246 children. Thirty‐two cases of histopathologically confirmed PTLD were identified with 8 (25%) presenting in the head and neck. Sinonasal PTLD was the most common site of head and neck involvement (63%), with 40% of patients presenting with occult disease. All patients with sinonasal PTLD had longstanding nasal polyposis related to cystic fibrosis (P = 0.07).CONCLUSIONS:This is, to our knowledge, the first report identifying an increased frequency of sinonasal PTLD after pediatric pulmonary transplantation, particularly in children with cystic fibrosis and associated nasal polyposis. Because sinonasal PTLD may be asymptomatic, this region should receive close scrutiny on surveillance evaluations.
Late Pleistocene and Holocene depositional systems and the palaeogeography of the Dogger Bank, North Sea
Authors: Fitch Simon , Thomson Ken , Gaffney Vince 
Published: July 2005

Abstract3D seismic data from the Dogger Bank, North Sea, allow the mapping of Late Pleistocene and Holocene depositional systems in unprecedented detail. The data demonstrate that glacial processes resulted in the development of incised tunnel valley systems during the Weichselian and that these were subsequently modified by fluvial processes in a pro-glacial setting. Subsequently, the Dogger Bank formed an emergent plain during the Holocene with a complex meandering river system, associated tributary or distributary channels and lakes, dominating the region. Prior to the sea level rising sufficiently to submerge the Dogger Bank around 7500 yr ago, the meandering river system was replaced by a dendritic channel network of potential fluvial, estuarine or intertidal origin. As the Holocene depositional features bear no systematic relationship to the bathymetry this study demonstrates that previously published bathymetry-based models for the Holocene palaeogeographic development of the North Sea require modification.
Some structural determinants of the antiproliferative effect of heparin‐like molecules on human airway smooth muscle
Authors: Kanabar Varsha , Hirst Stuart J , O'Connor Brian J , Page Clive P 
Published: July 2005

Accumulation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) and its infiltration by mast cells are key pathological features of airway remodelling in asthma. Heparin, a major component of mast cell granules, inhibits ASM proliferation by an unknown mechanism. Here, unfractionated heparins and related glycosaminoglycans having structurally heterogeneous polysaccharide side chains that varied in molecular weight, sulphation and anionic charge were used to identify features of the heparin molecule that were required for its antiproliferative activity in cultured human ASM cells.
Proliferation induced by 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) was abrogated by two unfractionated commercial heparin preparations (Sigma and Multiparin) and this effect was reproduced with each of three low‐molecular weight heparin preparations (3, 5 and 6 kDa, respectively), demonstrating that antiproliferative activity resided in at least a 3 kDa heparin fraction.
N‐desulphated 20% re‐acetylated (N‐de) heparin (anticoagulant) and O‐desulphated heparin (O‐de) (non‐anticoagulant) fractions also inhibited FBS‐dependent proliferation (rank potency: Sigma heparin>O‐de>N‐de) suggesting that the antiproliferative action of heparin involved N‐sulphation but was independent of its anticoagulant activity.
Other sulphated molecules with variable anionic charge (dextran sulphate, fucoidan, chondroitin sulphates A or B, heparan sulphate) inhibited proliferation to varying degrees, as did the non‐sulphated molecules hyaluronic acid and poly‐L‐glutamic acid. However, nonsulphated dextran had no effect.
In summary, attenuation of FBS‐dependent proliferation of human ASM by heparin involves but does not depend upon sulphation, although loss of N‐sulphation reduces antiproliferative activity. This antiproliferative effect is independent of anionic charge and the anticoagulant actions of heparin.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146, 370–377. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706333
Oregonin inhibits lipopolysaccharide‐induced iNOS gene transcription and upregulates HO‐1 expression in macrophages and microglia
Authors: Lee Cheng‐Jui , Lee Shoei‐Sheng , Chen Su‐Chung , Ho Feng‐Ming , Lin Wan‐Wan 
Published: July 2005

Oregonin isolated from Alnus formosana is a diarylheptanoid derivative, which appears to have antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory activities. In this study, our data demonstrated inhibitory actions of oregonin on the LPS‐induced iNOS protein in RAW264.7 macrophages and BV‐2 microglial cells. We also suggested that HO‐1 induction by oregonin might contribute to this action.
Oregonin is able to dose‐dependently reduce NO production, iNOS protein and iNOS promoter activity stimulated by LPS in RAW264.7 and BV‐2 cells.
Oregonin also showed inhibition of LPS‐mediated NF‐κB promoter activity and DNA‐binding ability, as well as p65 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation. However, oregonin had no effect on IKK activity. AP‐1 promoter activity and p38 MAPK activation but not PKC, ERK and JNK activation induced by LPS were attenuated by oregonin.
Accompanying with iNOS protein reduction, moreover, we found that oregonin was able to induce HO‐1 protein level. Results using a CO donor, [Ru(CO)3Cl2]2 further showed the ability of CO in reduction of iNOS protein level induced by LPS through the blockade of NF‐κB and AP‐1.
Taken together, these results provide new evidences into the anti‐inflammatory actions of oregonin, which include the inhibition of iNOS gene transcription via suppressing transcriptional activity of NF‐κB and AP‐1, as well as the upregulation of anti‐inflammatory molecule HO‐1. The HO‐1‐derived CO may also be involved in the suppressive effect on iNOS gene regulation.

British Journal of Pharmacology (2005) 146, 378–388. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706336
Attitudes towards low‐allergen food in food allergic consumers
Authors: Miles Susan , Bolhaar Suzanne , González‐Mancebo Eloina , Hafner Christine , Hoffmann‐Sommergruber Karin , Fernández‐Rivas Montserrat , Knulst André 
Published: July 2005

PurposeThe aim was to look at food‐allergic consumers’ preferences concerning the development of low‐allergen food.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was designed to measure attitudes towards low‐allergen food. Data were collected from 20 food‐allergic consumers in Austria, Spain and The Netherlands respectively between April and May 2002 using interviewer‐assisted questionnaire methodology.FindingsThe results suggested that food‐allergic consumers are interested in having low‐allergen food available, with 70‐95 per cent wanting it produced. A total of 89 per cent identified a number of benefits to themselves, including being able to resume eating the food to which they were allergic, and being able to eat all food with no worries, no symptoms and no need to check labels. Fewer disadvantages were mentioned, with 53 per cent identifying no disadvantages. Factors that would encourage or discourage purchase of low‐allergen food were also identified with price, quality (particularly taste) and safety being important. Whilst acceptance of low‐allergen food produced using genetic modification was reasonably high (55‐85 per cent), in general participants would prefer this food to be produced through conventional means.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research is required with a larger sample, where cross‐cultural statistical comparisons can be made. Originality/value This study provides new information about acceptability of low‐allergen food which is of use for the food industry when developing such food, benefiting both the industry and food‐allergic consumers.