bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles reduce inflammation, inhibit apoptosis and protect rat’s liver from the hazardous effects of CCL4
Authors: Farid Alyaa , Michael Valina , Safwat Gehan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLiver is an important organ that carries out major important functions including the detoxification of harmful chemicals. Numerous studies have lately focused on the impact of various substances, such as chemical pollutants and pharmaceutical drugs, on the liver. Melatonin (Mel) has been reported for the protection against liver injury. In order to enhance Mel therapeutic benefits and prevent any potential negative effects, Mel has to be delivered to the injured liver. Therefore, the goal of the current investigation was to create Mel-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (Mel-PLGA NPs) to alleviate carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced liver damage in male Sprague Dawley rats. The prepared Mel-PLGA NPs were physically characterized to determine its size and charge. Moreover, Mel-PLGA NPs were examined, in vitro, to determine its antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity effects before being used in vivo. The effect of NPs on liver injury was evaluated through biochemical, immunological, histopathological examination and flow cytometry technique. Mel-PLGA NPs were smooth and spherical with no signs of aggregation and have in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects. NPs varied in size from 87 to 96 nm in transmission electron microscope images, while their hydrodynamic diameter was 41 nm and their zeta potential was −6 mV. Mel-PLGA NPs had encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and drug loading (DL%) of 59.9 and 12.5%, respectively. Treatment with Mel-PLGA NPs ameliorated all histopathological changes, in liver sections, that resulted from CCL4 administration; where, liver sections of treated groups were similar to those of healthy control GI. NPs administration were superior to free Mel and reversed the elevated levels of liver function enzymes, inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases to their normal levels. Moreover, liver sections of groups treated with NPs showed negative immunostaining for nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and C-reactive protein indicating their anti-inflammatory behavior. Mel-PLGA NPs significantly protected liver from the toxicity of CCL4. The effective dose of NPs was 5 mg/kg indicating a reduction in the required Mel dose and its associated adverse effects.
Teeth and prostheses detection in dental panoramic X-rays using CNN-based object detector and a priori knowledge-based algorithm
Authors: Ali Md. Anas , Fujita Daisuke , Kobashi Syoji 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeep learning techniques for automatically detecting teeth in dental X-rays have gained popularity, providing valuable assistance to healthcare professionals. However, teeth detection in X-ray images is often hindered by alterations in tooth appearance caused by dental prostheses. To address this challenge, our paper proposes a novel method for teeth detection and numbering in dental panoramic X-rays, leveraging two separate CNN-based object detectors, namely YOLOv7, for detecting teeth and prostheses, alongside an optimization algorithm to refine the outcomes. The study utilizes a dataset of 3138 radiographs, of which 2553 images contain prostheses, to build a robust model. The tooth and prosthesis detection algorithms perform excellently, achieving mean average precisions of 0.982 and 0.983, respectively. Additionally, the trained tooth detection model is verified using an external dataset, and six-fold cross-validation is conducted to demonstrate the proposed method’s feasibility and robustness. Moreover, the investigation of performance improvement resulting from the inclusion of prosthesis information in the teeth detection process reveals a marginal increase in the average F1-score, rising from 0.985 to 0.987 compared to the sole teeth detection method. The proposed method is unique in its approach to numbering teeth as it incorporates prosthesis information and considers complete restorations such as dental implants and dentures of fixed bridges during the teeth enumeration process, which follows the universal tooth numbering system. These advancements hold promise for automating dental charting processes.
A retrospective study on application of fibula/iliac flap surgical techniques to mandibular defects
Authors: Gao Ning , Fu Kun , Cai Jinghua , He Wei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study group consists of a total of 61 patients who underwent fibula flap and iliac flap surgeries to repair mandibular defects. Patients’ Quality Of life (QOL) at 6 and 24 months after surgery is investigated and compared by the EORTC-QLQ-H&N and OHIP-14. The base data of the two groups of patients are collected and analysed by the SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Independent sample t test was conducted for EORTC-QLQ-H&N and OHIP-14 scores at two time points in each group. The 61 cases of free flap all survived and the difference in the location of the primary tumor between the two groups is statistically significant. The EORTC-QLQ-H&N showed that the score of speech, diet, social contact, and teeth all went up at 6 months after surgery, but went down dramatically at 24 months after surgery. The OHIP-14 showed that there was significant reduction in functional limitation at 24 months after surgery, with statistical significance (p < 0.05) between the groups of iliac flap (19.16 ± 5.33) and fibula flap (33.77 ± 7.71). Therefore, it is suggested that patients suffering from mandibular defects receive surgery utilizing the iliac flap, while those with a larger range of defects or lesions involving the condyle and chin should receive corrective surgery utilizing the fibular flap.
Genetic diversity of Actinidia spp. shapes the oomycete pattern associated with Kiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS)
Authors: Mian Giovanni , Cipriani Guido , Firrao Giuseppe , Martini Marta , Ermacora Paolo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKiwifruit Vine Decline Syndrome (KVDS) is an important soil-borne disease for the Italian kiwifruit industry, causing €300,000 in economic losses in 2020 alone. So far, the organisms recognized as involved in the aetiology of KVDS mainly belong to the Oomycota. As no effective management strategies exist, a promising approach to overcoming KVDS is the use of resistant species as rootstocks or for inclusion in breeding programs. Several Actinidia genotypes showing different level of resistance to KVDS were grown in disease-promoting soils. A metabarcoding approach was set up to identify KVDS-associated oomycetes and investigate whether the main species involved may vary according to plant genotype. Our results clearly showed significant differences between the genotypes in terms of oomycetes present in both plant rhizosphere and endosphere, which were strongly correlated with the symptoms displayed. We found out that the resistance of Actinidia macrosperma to KVDS is related to its ability to shape the pathobiome, particularly as far as the endosphere is concerned. In our conditions, Phytophthora sp. was predominantly found in sensitive genotypes, whilst Globisporangium intermedium was mainly detected in asymptomatic plants, suggesting that the latter species could compete with the recruitment of Phytophthora sp. in plants with different levels of resistance, consequently, explaining the onset of symptoms and the resistance condition.
Legumes and nuts intake in relation to metabolic health status, serum brain derived neurotrophic factor and adropin levels in adults
Authors: Assi Mohammad Javad , Poursalehi Donya , Tirani Shahnaz Amani , Shahdadian Farnaz , Hajhashemy Zahra , Mokhtari Elahe , Mohammadi Sobhan , Saneei Parvane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is controversial evidence about the relationship between consumption of legumes and nuts with metabolic disturbances. The present study was undertaken to explore the association of legumes and nuts intake with metabolic health status among Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 527 adults (45.7% female, aged 20–65 years) chosen through a multistage cluster random-sampling approach. Dietary intakes of individuals were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were gathered to evaluate biochemical parameters. Metabolic health status of subjects was determined according to the criteria defined by Wildman. Data of covariates were collected using pre-tested procedures. The overall prevalence of metabolic unhealthy (MU) phenotype was 42.5%. After controlling all confounders, participants with highest intake of legumes and nuts had lower odds of MU status, compared with the lowest intake (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.18–0.71). This association was stronger in normal-weight rather than overweight/obese adults and also in women rather than men. Higher consumption of legumes and nuts was additionally related to decreased odds of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. A marginally inverse association was observed between legumes and nuts intake with low brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, in fully-adjusted model (ORT3 vs. T1 0.50; 95% CI 0.25–1.01). Each tertile increase in legumes and nuts intake was marginally related to higher adropin levels ($$\beta$$
β
= 4.06; P = 0.07). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that higher intake of legumes and nuts is associated with lower chance of MU both in normal weight and overweight/obese adults. The association may be facilitated through serum BDNF and adropin.
Recycling and sustainable applications of waste printed circuit board in concrete application and validation using response surface methodology
Authors: Priyan M. Vishnu , Annadurai R. , Onyelowe Kennedy C. , Alaneme George Uwadiegwu , Giri Nimay Chandra 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe present investigation aims to examine the mechanical and durability properties of concrete that has been reinforced with a waste printed circuit board (WPCB) towards a low-carbon built environment. It assessed the fresh and hardened characteristics of the low-carbon concrete reinforced with WPCB fibres, after a curing period of 7 and 28 days. The evaluation was done by quantifying slump, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, sorptivity, rapid, and acid tests. It further analysed eleven discrete concrete mixes with WPCB fibres at a weight percentage ranging from 1 to 5% in the cement mixture. The results indicate that incorporating WPCB fibre into concrete improves its mechanical strength. The results revealed that incorporating 5% WPCB fibre yielded the most favourable outcomes. The properties of WPCB fibre-reinforced concrete have been theoretically validated through Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which employs various statistical and mathematical tools to analyse the experimental data. The results derived from RSM were compared with the experimental results. It was found that the RSM model demonstrated a high level of accuracy (R2≥ 0.98) in validating the mechanical properties of WPCB fibre concrete. The statistical model exhibited no indication of prediction bias and demonstrated a statistically significant outcome, with a p-value below 0.5.
Perceptions of the Scope of Practice of Audiology
Authors: Criter Robin E. , Sheperd Melanie , Northrup Danielle , Shuster Linda 
Published: October 2023

Purpose:
The primary purpose of this study was to determine which scope of practice roles and responsibilities are attributed to the profession of audiology (AUD) relative to other health care disciplines by a group of health and human services faculty and students.

Method:
An online survey inquiring about participant knowledge of different health professions' scopes of practice, and experience with and attitude toward the profession of AUD, was sent to faculty and students in the Western Michigan University College of Health and Human Services. Students also completed two subscales of the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale. Descriptive statistics and chi-square and Kruskal–Wallis analyses evaluating response differences between groups are presented.

Results:
Thirty-six faculty and 118 students (48 graduate and 70 undergraduate) completed the survey. AUD was the profession most often associated with all hearing-related scope of practice activities. Speech-language pathology was often associated with hearing-related scope of practice activities. Audiologists were less commonly associated with vestibular, balance, and mobility scope of practice activities. Group was significant for four scope of practice activities. About half of respondents indicated they knew nothing or a little about AUD, and a majority had no or rare interactions with audiologists in class or clinic. Only about half of participants responded they were likely or very likely to refer patients to an audiologist.

Conclusion:
Increased knowledge of the scope of practice and exposure to the profession of AUD may benefit other health care professionals and patients, possibly leading to increased interprofessional practice and an increased number of appropriate referrals.
Time Evolving Photo Ionisation Device (TEPID): A novel code for out-of-equilibrium gas ionisation
Authors: Luminari A. , Nicastro F. , Krongold Y. , Piro L. , Thakur A. L. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Photoionisation is one of the main mechanisms at work in the gaseous environment of bright astrophysical sources. A great deal of information on the gas physics, chemistry and kinematics, and on the ionising source itself, can be gathered through optical to X-ray spectroscopy. While several public time equilibrium photoionisation codes are readily available and can be used to infer average gas properties at equilibrium, time-evolving photoionisation models have only very recently started to become available. They are needed when the ionising source varies faster than the typical gas equilibration timescale. Using equilibrium models to analyse spectra of non-equilibrium photoionised gas may lead to inaccurate results, and prevents a solid assessment of gas density, physics, and geometry.
Aims. Our main objective is to present and make available the Time-Evolving PhotoIonisation Device (TEPID), a new code that self-consistently solves time evolving photoionisation equations (both thermal and ionisation balance) and accurately follows the response of the gas to changes in the ionising source.
Methods. TEPID self-consistently follows the gas temperature and ionisation in time by including all the main ionisation/recombination and heating/cooling mechanisms. The code takes in input the ionising light curve and spectral energy distribution and solves the time-evolving equations as a function of gas electron density and of time. The running time is intelligently optimised by an internal algorithm that initially scans the input light curve to set a time-dependent integration frequency. The code is built in a modular way, can be applied to a variety of astrophysical scenarios and produces time-resolved gas absorption spectra to fit the data.
Results. To describe the structure and main features of the code, we present two applications of TEPID to two dramatically different astrophysical scenarios: the typical ionised absorbers observed in the X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (e.g. warm absorbers and ultra-fast outflows), and the circumburst environment of a gamma-ray burst. For both cases we show how the gas energy and ionisation balances vary as a function of time, gas density and distance from the ionising source. We show that time-evolving photoionisation leads to unique ionisation patterns that cannot be reproduced by stationary photoionisation codes when the gas is out of equilibrium. This demonstrates the need for codes such as TEPID in view of the unprecedented capabilities that will be offered by the upcoming high-resolution X-ray spectrometers on board missions like XRISM or Athena.
Alle Fäden in der Hand?
Authors: Kämmer Karla 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungSuper engagierte, hochmotivierte und hingebungsvolle Führungskräfte – hört sich gut an? Aber: Oft ist der Grat hin zum Perfektionismus schmal. Lesen Sie mehr über ein „Zuviel“ an Erwartungen, an sich und natürlich auch an andere.
Chance für deutsche Gesundheitseinrichtungen?
Authors: Sartory Yannick , Bruns Anna Christina 
Published: October 2023

ZusammenfassungMagnetkliniken zeichnen sich durch exzellente Patientenversorgung und hohe Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit aus. Das dahinterliegende Konzept aus den USA basiert auf einem facettenreichen Programm, welches zwar individuell ausgestaltbar, aber dennoch äußerst umfassend ist. Auch wenn Forschungsergebnisse aus den USA nicht vollständig in das deutsche Gesundheitssystem übertragbar sind, stellt es hierzulande eine echte Chance dar.
Chromium-Promoted Dearomative (Deutero)Hydrocyanoalkylation of (Hetero)Arenes Using Simple Alkylnitriles
Authors: Li Wei , Zeng Wei-Long , Jiang Xu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHerein, a general strategy for the regioselective dearomative 1,2-hydrocyanoalkylation of chromium-bound (hetero)arenes with simple alkylnitriles as pronucleophiles was disclosed, providing rapid access to 1,3-cyclohexadienes possessing useful alkylnitrile groups. The versatility of this methodology further enabled a selective dearomative deuteration reaction. Finally, synthetic applications of the method in the formal synthesis of natural products, including erysotramidine, demethoxyerythratidinone, and morphine, were demonstrated.
Synthesis of 2,4-Disubstituted Oxazoles by a Copper-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation/Olefination Cascade between Amides and IIII/PV Hybrid Ylides
Authors: Wang Zhaofeng , Ye Xingchen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe report a novel and efficient method for oxazole synthesis through a copper-catalyzed [3+2] annulation/olefination cascade between readily available iodonium–phosphonium hybrid ylides and amides. An unprecedented α-phosphonium Cu carbenoid acts as the key intermediate. This method features excellent regioselectivity with mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope. Its synthetic utility is demonstrated by its application in late-stage functionalizations and the rapid synthesis of a chiral ligand based on an oxazole motif.
Mapping crisis communication in the communication research: what we know and what we don’t know
Authors: Upadhyay Shalini , Upadhyay Nitin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive analysis of crisis communication research from 1968 to 2022, utilizing bibliometric methods to illuminate its trajectories, thematic shifts, and future possibilities. Additionally, it presents foundational themes such as crisis communication and social media, health communication, crisis and leadership, and reputation and advertising. This analysis offers not only historical insights but also serves as a roadmap for future research endeavors. Furthermore, this study critically evaluates over five decades of scholarship by unveiling the intellectual, social, and conceptual contours of the field while highlighting thematic evolutions. Employing diverse bibliometric indices, this research quantifies authors’ and nations’ productivity and impact. Through co-word analysis, four thematic clusters emerge, capturing the dynamic nature of crisis communication research. However, the study also reveals limited collaboration among authors, primarily localized, indicating room for enhanced cross-border cooperation and exploration of emerging themes. The study’s social network analysis sheds light on key actors and entities within the crisis communication realm, underscoring opportunities to fortify global networks for a robust crisis communication spectrum. Beyond academic curiosity, these insights hold practical implications for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners, offering a blueprint to enhance crisis communication’s effectiveness. This study’s findings can be considered as a reference point for future studies in crisis communication.
On similative demonstratives in Czech and English
Authors: Janebová Markéta , Martinková Michaela 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper is a contrastive corpus-based study of similative demonstratives, a major means of expressing
similarity and ad-hoc categorization. It explores the divergence between the Czech demonstrative takový and its
English dictionary equivalent such in their “atypical” – extended, or non-phoric – uses. Through the
triangulation of comparable fiction texts, their translation (from a bidirectional translation corpus) and spoken language data
(from comparable monolingual corpora of spoken English and Czech), converging evidence is found of the development of discourse
functions of the Czech takový which shows an increase in its intersubjectivity, not attested with
such, but common with the English type nouns sort, kind, and type. These
cross-linguistic parallels are not only relevant for current discussions on intersubjectivity and intersubjectification, but they
also call for further research on general patterns of ad-hoc categorization.
Predicting executive functioning from brain networks: modality specificity and age effects
Authors: Heckner Marisa K , Cieslik Edna C , Paas Oliveros Lya K , Eickhoff Simon B , Patil Kaustubh R , Langner Robert 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with structural and functional network changes in the brain, which have been linked to deterioration in executive functioning (EF), while their neural implementation at the individual level remains unclear. As the biomarker potential of individual resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns has been questioned, we investigated to what degree individual EF abilities can be predicted from the gray-matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), and RSFC within EF-related, perceptuo-motor, and whole-brain networks in young and old adults. We examined whether the differences in out-of-sample prediction accuracy were modality-specific and depended on age or task-demand levels. Both uni- and multivariate analysis frameworks revealed overall low prediction accuracies and moderate-to-weak brain–behavior associations (R2 &lt; 0.07, r &lt; 0.28), further challenging the idea of finding meaningful markers for individual EF performance with the metrics used. Regional GMV, well linked to overall atrophy, carried the strongest information about individual EF differences in older adults, whereas fALFF, measuring functional variability, did so for younger adults. Our study calls for future research analyzing more global properties of the brain, different task-states and applying adaptive behavioral testing to result in sensitive predictors for young and older adults, respectively.
Coordinating farms in collective agri-environmental schemes: the role of conditional incentives
Authors: Limbach Kristin , Rozan Anne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses data from a novel collective agri-environmental scheme (cAES) in Alsace, France, designed to protect the local European hamster population by motivating farmers to engage in habitat conservation measures. In contrast to typical conservation contracts that pay individual farmers based on their own performance, the cAES studied here pays farmers only when the percentage of land conserved by all farmers within a collective zone reaches a critical threshold. We find that the likelihood of participation is higher for farmers with a relatively large agricultural surface within the collective zone, increases with the number of farmers in a collective zone, and increases over time. Those with more land in the collective zone allocate more acreage to conservation. We define different contributor types and provide insight into the possible motives underlying contributions to collective conservation schemes.