bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra‐ and interstudy reproducibility of coronary artery diameter measurements in magnetic resonance coronary angiography
Authors: Keegan Jennifer , Horkaew Paramate , Buchanan Tim J. , Smart Trevor S. , Yang Guang‐Zhong , Firmin David N. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPurposeTo determine the intra‐ and interstudy reproducibility of right coronary artery diameter assessment using serial magnetic resonance (MR) coronary angiography.Materials and MethodsTwo‐dimensional (2D) navigator‐gated segmented fast low angle shot (FLASH) images of the proximal right coronary artery were acquired three times in 11 healthy volunteers, the first two times in the same study session and the third time after repositioning the subject in the scanner. Coronary artery diameters were determined using automated segmentation software and intra‐ and interstudy reproducibility calculated as the standard deviation (SD) of the signed differences between measurements within and between study sessions, respectively. The reproducibility of the segmentation software was determined by repeated analysis of each individual scan.ResultsOne subject was excluded from the study due to poor‐quality images. In the remaining 10 subjects, the mean (± SD) intrastudy difference in coronary artery diameters was −0.05 ± 0.12 mm, a value that is very similar to between‐frame (same‐film) differences reported in quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The mean (± SD) interstudy difference in coronary artery diameters was 0.16 ± 0.43 mm, although this was greatly skewed by one subject with poor image plane repositioning. Excluding that subject resulted in a mean (± SD) interstudy difference of 0.04 ± 0.20 mm. The reproducibility of the segmentation software was excellent, with the mean difference between repeat analyses of the images being 0.00 ± 0.03 mm.ConclusionThe intrastudy variability of coronary artery diameter measurements is low, potentially allowing MR coronary angiography to be used as a tool for the noninvasive assessment of serial changes following pharmacological intervention. A major contributing factor to this is the high reproducibility of the segmentation software. Interstudy variability is approximately three times the intrastudy variability. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2004;20:160–166. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic diversity in the physicochemical properties of waxy rice (Oryza sativa L) starch
Authors: Bao Jinsong , Corke Harold , Sun Mei 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe genetic diversity in the physicochemical properties of starches from 56 waxy rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes (34 of indica and 22 of japonica) was studied. The parameters included thermal and retrogradation properties tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pasting viscosity tested by rapid viscoanalyser (RVA), and flour swelling volume (FSV). Wide diversity was found in all the parameters. According to their gelatinisation temperature (GT), the waxy rice genotypes could be divided into two groups, a high‐GT group and a low‐GT group. A total of 15 genotypes were identified as high‐GT, all belonging to the indica subspecies. There was about a 5 °C difference within each group and a 10 °C difference between groups. Many parameters were correlated with each other in all 56 waxy rices, but some correlations were also consistent and significant when comparing the high‐GT group and the low‐GT group separately. For example, hot paste viscosity (HPV) was positively correlated with onset temperature (To) and enthalpy of gelatinisation (ΔHg). The results suggested that initial screening in waxy rice breeding programmes for varieties with desirable starch properties for specific food uses could be efficiently accomplished using pasting profiles from the RVA. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Volatile metabolite profiling to discriminate diseases of McIntosh apple inoculated with fungal pathogens
Authors: Vikram A , Prithiviraj B , Hamzehzarghani H , Kushalappa AC 
Published: June 2004

AbstractGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technology was used to profile volatile metabolites from the headspace gas of McIntosh apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), which were non‐inoculated or inoculated with four different fungi, Botrytis cinerea Pers, Penicillium expansum Link, Mucor piriformis Fischer and Monilinia sp. The study yielded a total of 498 different volatile metabolites. Among them only 35 occurred relatively consistently in six replicates over three incubation periods. Of the consistent metabolites, 20 were specific to one or more inoculation agents/diseases, including seven that were unique to apples inoculated with different pathogens. Fluoroethene and 3,4‐dimethyl‐1‐hexene were specific for Penicillium, while butanoic acid butyl ester, 4‐methyl‐1‐hexene and 2‐methyltetrazole were specific for Mucor. Similarly, acetic acid methyl ester and fluoroethane were specific to Botrytis and Monilinia, respectively. The method developed in this study can be used by storage managers to detect apple diseases at an early stage of disease progress and use this to manage apple diseases in storage, after further validation under commercial conditions. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Absorption and twenty‐four‐hour metabolism time‐course of quercetin‐3‐O‐glucoside in rats, in vivo
Authors: Gee Jennifer M , Wroblewska Monika A , Bennett Richard N , Mellon Fred A , Johnson Ian T 
Published: June 2004

AbstractRats were meal‐fed a semi‐synthetic diet, with or without quercetin 3‐O‐glucoside (Q3G; 100 mg per meal) and groups of three were killed either fasting, or at 2, 5 and 24 post‐feeding. Flavonoids and their metabolites in the diet, stomach contents, small intestinal lumen and mucosa, caecal contents and plasma were determined by LC/MS. Q3G was not hydrolysed in the stomach, but deglycosylation and further metabolism occurred in the small intestinal mucosa. At least 17 flavonoid glucuronides were identified in the lumen and mucosa, with evidence of time‐dependent changes such as de‐ and re‐glucuronidation. Quercetin mono‐sulphate was also detected in the small intestinal contents. Metabolites were still present in tissue and plasma 24 h after feeding. There was also evidence of complex microbial processing of Q3G in the caecal lumen with the appearance of at least one methylquercetin‐mono‐glucuronide, mono‐sulphate unique to this site in the gut, together with phenolic acid derivatives. Intestinal flavonoid metabolism is thus a very complex process in mammals, involving both enterocytes and bacteria. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
Surgical management and outcome of metachronous Krukenberg tumors from gastric cancer
Authors: Cheong Jae Ho , Hyung Woo Jin , Chen Jian , Kim Junuk , Choi Seung Ho , Noh Sung Hoon 
Published: June 2004

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe question of whether resection should be performed in Krukenberg tumors from gastric cancer has yet to be adequately examined. Despite some reports on the surgical treatment of Krukenberg tumors, the outcomes after resection are not well characterized.Patients and MethodsUsing a gastric cancer database, a total of 34 patients who underwent a resection of metastatic ovarian tumors after curative surgery for gastric cancer were identified. A prospective database of these patients was reviewed for the presentation, clinical features, and outcomes after resection.ResultsThe median age of 34 patients was 44 years (range, 24–66). The majority of patients was in the premenopausal state and had bilateral ovarian involvement. The most common presenting symptom was an abdominal mass (35.3%). Tumor size ranged from 3.5 to 20 cm with 61.8% measuring larger than 10 cm. In 17 patients who had metastatic disease confined to the pelvis, a complete gross resection (R0) was achieved. In the other 17 with the disease beyond the pelvis gross residual tumors remained after the resection (R1). The median survival of all patients was 11 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 8–14), and that of the patients rendered R0 was 18 months (95% CI, 14–22), in comparison with 9 months (95% CI, 3–15) for those with R1 resection (P = 0.0001; log‐rank test). The median progression free survival was also significantly longer for the patients with R0 resection than those with R1 resection (8 months, 95% CI, 5–11 vs. 5 months, 95% CI, 4–6, P = 0.0103). Multivariate analysis identified R0 resection as the only significant factor predictive of survival.ConclusionsIn the management of Krukenberg tumors after gastric cancer, a metastasectomy may significantly improve the overall and progression free survival if it could render a complete gross resection. To define the patient group that benefits most from resection, the extent of disease and resectability must be carefully evaluated before surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2004;87:39–45. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathology of melanocytic lesions: New, controversial, and clinically important issues
Authors: Scolyer Richard A. , Thompson John F. , Stretch Jonathan R. , Sharma Raghwa , McCarthy Stanley W. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractPatients with primary cutaneous melanocytic lesions rely not only on the knowledge, skills, and experience of their treating clinician but also on the fundamentally important input of their pathologist for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Free and precise communication between pathologists and surgeons is important and undoubtedly improves patient care, particularly when managing difficult or complicated cases. To provide both patient and surgeon with the necessary information they require to make the most appropriate decisions, the pathology report should include all pathologic factors that are important in determining the patient's prognosis and management. Use of a synoptic format for pathology reporting of melanomas can facilitate this. Recent studies have established that the dermal mitotic rate of a primary cutaneous melanoma is a major prognostic determinant, and have shown that its assessment and that of other important histopathologic prognostic variables are reproducible between pathologists. Sentinel node (SN) biopsy has provided a minimally invasive procedure that can accurately predict the regional node status of melanoma patients. It is well demonstrated that the use of immunohistochemical stains assists in the detection of melanoma micrometastases in SNs, although it remains unclear which is the optimal pathologic protocol for SN evaluation and whether there is a role for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in SN assessment. False negative SN biopsies may occur as a result of errors in lymphatic mapping or sentinel lymphadenectomy, or because of a deficiency in the process of histopathologic evaluation. Recent studies have shown that the likelihood of non‐SN involvement when the SN is positive correlates mostly with the extent of SN involvement, in particular the tumor penetrative depth (defined as the maximum distance of melanoma cells from the inner margin of the SN capsule). It appears that assessment of the micromorphometric features of positive SNs may be useful in predicting which patients have a low probability of having metastatic tumor in non‐SNs, and therefore in selecting patients who potentially may be spared a completion lymph node dissection. It is likely that future advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of melanoma will provide new insights into tumor classification, improve diagnostic accuracy and prognostic ability, and lead to the development of more precisely targeted therapies. J. Surg. Oncol. 2004;86:200–211. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The comparison of detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms: Application to the combustion of methane
Authors: Rolland Sébastien , Simmie John M. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDetailed chemical kinetic mechanisms of complex chemical phenomena may be composed of hundreds of species and thousands of individual elementary reactions. It can be an extremely laborious and error‐prone procedure to compare two of these mechanisms, particularly if they come from different sources. We have created software tools which help to highlight the differences between mechanisms written in a Chemkin format and demonstrate their applicability to five literature mechanisms describing the high temperature oxidation of methane. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 36:467–471, 2004
Simple Trends in the Methylene and α‐Substituent Regions of NMR Spectra of Vinyl Polymers
Authors: Monaco Guglielmo , Viglione Rosario G. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractSummary: Chemical shift trends in the methylene and α substituent regions of 13C NMR spectra of vinyl polymers have been analyzed in terms of a three‐state rotational isomeric states (RIS) model and the γ‐gauche effect. In this framework, it has been demonstrated that the three sequencing rules observed for poly(propylene) can also be expected to work for many other vinyl polymers. The first two rules, justified in terms of the conformational perturbability of stereosequences, turn out to be respected by a considerable number of NMR spectra. On the other hand, the same spectral data are in substantial disagreement with the third rule. An explanation is proposed for this breakdown.Sketches of the three conformations expected for rotation on the two prochiral bonds flanking the methine carbon of a vinyl polymer.magnified imageSketches of the three conformations expected for rotation on the two prochiral bonds flanking the methine carbon of a vinyl polymer.
Beneficial effect of nerve growth factor‐7S on peripheral nerve regeneration through inside‐out vein grafts: An experimental study
Authors: Gravvanis Andreas I. , Tsoutsos Dimosthenis A. , Tagaris George A. , Papalois Apostolos E. , Patralexis Charalampos G. , Iconomou Thomais G. , Panayotou Petros N. , Ioannovich John D. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of local administration of nerve growth factor‐7S (NGF‐7S) on the axonal regrowth of mixed peripheral nerves through inside‐out vein grafts. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups (n = 30). A defect 12 mm long in the right sciatic nerve was created and repaired with an inside‐out vein graft from the right jugular vein. NGF‐7S (group A) or phosphate‐buffered saline (group B; control) was locally administered daily during the first 3 weeks. Walking‐track analysis and electrophysiological and histological‐morphometric studies were carried out 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks postoperatively (subgroups a, b, c, d, and e, respectively, n = 6 each). Data analysis showed that 1) the recovery of motor function, as measured by walk pattern analysis and evoked muscle action potential, and 2) the orientation, number, myelin thickness, and diameter of myelinated fibers were better in the NGF‐7S than in the control group. These findings present strong evidence of the beneficial effect of NGF‐7S on peripheral nerve regeneration through inside‐out vein grafts. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 24:1–8, 2004.
Two applications of end‐to‐side nerve neurorrhaphy in severe upper‐extremity nerve injuries
Authors: Yüksel Fuat , Peker Fati̇h , Çeli̇köz Bahatti̇n 
Published: June 2004

AbstractEnd‐to‐side and side‐to‐side techniques (what we call alternative nerve repair techniques) have been investigated in detail in both experimental and clinical studies. There have not been any large series, but only some case reports describing either successful or disappointing functional results in the recent literature. Two cases presented here were of two extreme examples of nerve injuries that had no chance for direct repair; alternative choices were performed. One was a side‐to‐side neurorrhaphy between the ulnar and median nerves, and the other was an end‐to‐side nerve repair of the median and radial nerves to the ulnar nerve. Both patients regained their diminished protective sensation and returned to their occupations. Based on these results and our review of the current literature, we consider alternative nerve repair techniques to be reasonable, prudent, and scientific choices for the treatment of some challenging nerve injury cases. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 24:1–6, 2004.
Flow‐shop batch scheduling with identical processing‐time jobs
Authors: Mosheiov Gur , Oron Daniel , Ritov Yaacov 
Published: June 2004

AbstractIn many practical situations of production scheduling, it is either necessary or recommended to group a large number of jobs into a relatively small number of batches. A decision needs to be made regarding both the batching (i.e., determining the number and the size of the batches) and the sequencing (of batches and of jobs within batches). A setup cost is incurred whenever a batch begins processing on a given machine. This paper focuses on batch scheduling of identical processing‐time jobs, and machine‐ and sequence‐independent setup times on an m‐machine flow‐shop. The objective is to find an allocation to batches and their schedule in order to minimize flow‐time. We introduce a surprising and nonintuitive solution for the problem. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004
The hypoxia‐regulated transcription factor DEC1 (Stra13, SHARP‐2) and its expression in human tissues and tumours
Authors: Turley Helen , Wykoff Charles C , Troup Sandra , Watson Peter H , Gatter Kevin C , Harris Adrian L 
Published: June 2004

AbstractDEC1, also known as SHARP‐2 or Stra13, is an important molecule in embryonic differentiation and has recently been identified to be strongly inducible by hypoxia. Its distribution in normal human tissues and most tumour types is unknown. In the present study, a polyclonal antiserum to a 10‐amino acid peptide from DEC1 has been raised. Using this antiserum, DEC1 was shown to be widely expressed in most normal human tissues, but usually only in a proportion of cells and typically with a nuclear localization. In tumours, expression was either augmented (the commonest pattern) or occasionally decreased. Similarly, in most normal tissues, low or absent expression was observed in endothelial cells, whereas in many tumour samples endothelium was usually strongly positive. In tumours, there was a striking pattern of staining seen in connection with areas of necrosis, with absence of DEC1 expression within a zone of morphologically viable cells immediately adjacent to the necrotic zone. This suggests that while DEC1 may be up‐regulated by hypoxia in cancer, in more extreme hypoxia it may have a role in cell death. Its interrelationship with other hypoxically regulated molecules, such as the hypoxia‐inducible factors or carbonic anhydrase IX, and differentiation of tumours now requires further investigation. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
mRNA expression and protein distribution of the unspliced tenascin‐C isoform in prostatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Katenkamp Kathrin , Berndt Alexander , Hindermann Winfried , Wunderlich Heiko , Haas Karl Michael , Borsi Laura , Zardi Luciano , Kosmehl Hartwig 
Published: June 2004

AbstractThe inclusion or omission of the alternatively spliced region in the tenascin‐C (Tn‐C) mRNA gives rise to the large (Tn‐CL) or small (Tn‐CS) variant, respectively. Tn‐CL is thought to be a typical component of provisional extracellular matrices (ECMs) and is expressed during tumour stroma remodelling in cancer. Tn‐CL mRNA expression and protein distribution have been studied in 44 prostatic adenocarcinomas using RNA/RNA in situ hybridization supplemented by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and immunohistochemistry (clone BC‐2). While the Tn‐CL protein was demonstrated within tumour stroma, Tn‐CL mRNA expression was mainly observed in carcinoma cells, regardless of the histological grade of the tumour. Carcinoma cells containing Tn‐CL mRNA were particularly localized at the tumour invasion front. Tn‐CL mRNA was also identified in benign prostatic hyperplasia, where it was present exclusively in the basal cell layer, and in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in which there was partial loss of positive basal cells and increasing positivity of luminal cells. Furthermore, newly formed tumour blood vessels and inflammatory and stromal cells take part in the expression of Tn‐CL and are involved in the formation of a provisional tumour matrix. It is concluded that deposits of Tn‐CL indicate rebuilding processes in non‐neoplastic as well as in neoplastic prostatic tissues. In respect of the Tn‐CL synthesis in budding prostatic carcinoma cells, the results demonstrate that tumour cells can directly produce the ECM components of carcinoma stroma, creating conditions that facilitate the process of invasion. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of heat shock protein 27 in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sarto Cecilia , Valsecchi Cristina , Magni Fulvio , Tremolada Lucia , Arizzi Carmelo , Cordani Nicoletta , Casellato Stefano , Doro Giancarlo , Favini Paolo , Perego Roberto A. , Raimondo Francesca , Ferrero Stefano , Mocarelli Paolo , Galli‐Kienle Marzia 
Published: June 2004

AbstractHeat shock protein 27 (HSP27, Swiss‐Prot accession number P04792) is a component of the large and heterogeneous group of chaperone proteins, and its main functions are inhibition of apoptosis and prevention of aggregation of actin intermediate filament. Modified expression of HSP27 has been described in several cancers including testis, breast, and ovaric cancer. In the present work, 18 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and homologous normal kidney tissues have been investigated for HSP27 expression by combination of two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2‐D PAGE) separation and Western blotting immunodetection. The results showed significant differences either in expression and in HSP27 isoform numbers in RCC compared to normal kidney. The average number of isoforms was 21 in RCC and 15 in normal tissues with 4.5–5.9 pI range and 18–29 kDa Mr range. The overexpression was also observed by immunohistochemistry on tissue sections. Only two of RCC samples showed less isoforms than homologous normal samples. Two isoforms were not detected using anti‐Ser82 phosphorylated HSP27 antibody, neither in normal nor in RCC samples. Five of all the immunodetected isoforms were confirmed by mass spectrometry as HSP27, but no evidence of post‐translational modifications was pointed out. The numerous isoforms observed in RCC are not consistent with data reported in the literature so far, and they might be due to different post‐translational modifications such as phosphorylation and S‐thiolation. Since activation of HSP27 seems to be involved in tumor proliferation and drug resistance, it would be crucial to correlate the severity of disease with the different isoforms from RCC samples to generate diagnostic and prognostic markers.