bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing ofHelicobacter pyloriin the middle ear and mastoid mucosa of patients under 18 years of age with chronic otitis media (with and without cholesteatomas)
Authors: González-Eslait Francisco Javier , Blanco-Sarmiento Pedro Abel , Bejarano-Domínguez Kabethliz , Barreto José María , Ruiz-Tejada Emelina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveIt has been estimated that about 5 million people of those affected with otitis media have cholesteatoma, however, its pathophysiology is unclear. In this study we aimed to detectHelicobacter pylorivia polymerase chain reaction and real-time polymerase chain reaction in young patients with chronic otitis media.MethodsPatients included in our prospective cross-sectional study had middle-ear/mastoid inflammation and underwent surgical procedures. Middle-ear mucosa samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted forH pyloridetection by polymerase chain reaction and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. Sociodemographic data and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms were analysed.ResultsWe included 49 patients with mean age of 12.7 ± 3.8 years. Twenty per cent of the patients were diagnosed with cholesteatoma. No increase inH pylori-amplified fluorescence was observed, indicating absence ofH pylori.ConclusionDue to the absence of amplification forH pyloriand the fact that albumin was amplified in all samples, we conclude thatH pyloridoes not appear to be a causal factor.
‘Orthodox panentheism’ is neither orthodox nor coherent
Authors: Rooney James Dominic 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Jeremiah Carey presents a version of panentheism which he attributes to Gregory Palamas, as well as other Greek patristic thinkers. The Greek tradition, he alleges, is more open to panentheistic metaphysics than the Latin. Palamas, for instance, hold that God's energies are participable, even if God's essence is not. Carey uses Palamas' metaphysics to sketch an account on which divine energies are the forms of created substances, and argues that it is open to Orthodox Christians to affirm that God is in all things as their formal cause. I argue that Carey's reading is premised on a superficial examination of the patristic literature. More importantly, Palamas' metaphysics is opposed to that of Carey, since Palamas' distinction aims to uphold the view that created persons are only contingent participants in God. On this, Palamas and the Latins are in complete accord. In conclusion, I propose that panentheistic metaphysics begins from a false dilemma.
Why the use of ideographic codes does not improve communicative skills in patients with severe aphasia?
Authors: Gainotti Guido 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In his target article, Morin claims that ideographic codes are exceedingly difficult to use. In my commentary I will show that the use of Bliss symbols does not improve the communicative abilities of aphasic patients with severe language disorders. This failure to remediate communication disorders may result from disruption of inner language allowing to translate ideographic codes into spoken language.
Adaptive capacity and subsequent droughts: evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Das Utsoree , Di Falco Salvatore , Mahajan Avichal 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe estimate the impact of subsequent droughts on the revenues of farmers in Ethiopia factoring in their adaptive capacity. We find that after the first drought, there is no significant difference in the revenue of the farmers who experienced a drought, as compared to those who did not. However, there is a loss in revenue after the second drought, specifically for those farmers that are endowed with less assets. This finding underscores that a rise in the frequency of extreme events and shocks can potentially have significant local distributional implications, with wealth as a major distinguishing factor.
Letter writing as the mingling of souls: remote knowledge exchange among eighteenth-century Naqshbandis
Authors: Morgan Daniel Jacobius 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHistorians of Islamicate intellectual practices in pre-colonial South Asia have long argued that authoritative knowledge was located in persons rather than books, and that religious texts were thus typically transmitted in the context of face-to-face meetings between teacher and student. While it has been noted that some early modern Sufi networks engaged in the remote transmission of authoritative knowledge by means of letters, with reduced emphasis on face-to-face meetings, the causes for this development are still debated.Looking at the correspondence, theoretical treatises, and authorisations (ijāzas) produced in the circle of the celebrated eighteenth-century Naqshbandi reformer Shah Wali Allah of Delhi, this article argues that the willingness to engage in the transmission of remote knowledge was not simply a product of the changing material conditions of late-Mughal India, but rather was underwritten by emergent spiritual and psychological ideas about the nature of personhood. Because a person was not merely a material entity bounded by a corporeal (living) body, bodily proximity between two individuals was less valuable than their spiritual congruence. This congruence could be strengthened during periods of face-to-face companionship but could also be generated and maintained through letters alone. Indeed, these scholars sometimes assert the superiority of the letter over physical companionship because it allowed for a coming together of two spirits without the intrusion of the gross material body. Working within this intellectual framework, scholars in this network regularly exchanged books of all genres as well as ijāzas remotely (often over vast distances).
Food literacy and diet quality in young vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians and omnivores
Authors: Groufh-Jacobsen Synne , Larsson Christel , Van Daele Wim , Margerison Claire , Mulkerrins Isabelle , Aasland Lale Marie , Medin Anine Christine 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether food literacy competencies and diet quality vary between 16-to-24-year-olds vegans, lacto-ovo vegetarians, pescatarians, flexitarians and omnivores and to assess whether food literacy is associated with diet quality.Design:Cross-sectional study. Food literacy (general nutrition knowledge, critical nutrition literacy and food skills) and diet quality were measured using an electronic questionnaire.Setting:Southern Norway, September 2021 – March 2022.Participants:Healthy 16–24-year-olds (n165).Results:Overall, the mean general nutrition knowledge score was moderate (48·0 out of 67·0); the lowest mean score was found in omnivores and the highest in flexitarians (45·6v. 51·5) (P= 0·034). The mean score of critical nutrition literacy was also moderate (3·7 out of 5·0); vegans showed higher scores compared to other dietary practices (P= 0·018). No difference was observed in food skills between the different dietary practices. The overall median diet quality score was 46·0 out of 80·0, lowest in omnivores and highest in vegans (42·0v. 56·0) (P=< 0·001). In multivariate regression analyses, general nutrition knowledge, food skills and vegan dietary practice were significantly associated with higher diet quality.Conclusions:We found moderate levels of food literacy across all dietary practices. The food literacy competencies, general nutrition knowledge and food skills were associated with higher diet quality in our sample. Omnivores showed both the lowest general nutrition knowledge level and lowest diet quality scores. In contrast, both flexitarians and vegans scored highest on general nutrition knowledge and diet quality scores, despite being one of the less restrictive and one of the strictest plant-based dietary practices, respectively.
The Predicament of Practical Reason
Authors: Huber Jakob 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccording to Lea Ypi, Kant’s attempt in the first Critique to unify reason via the practical route fails because his notion of purposiveness as design commits him to a dogmatic metaphysics. I challenge this claim on two grounds. First, I argue that practical reason does not have an interest in a strong modal connection that guarantees the unity of freedom and nature rather than a weak modal connection that merely affirms the possibility of our ends. Second, I highlight that the epistemic status of practical ideas is one of faith or hope rather than knowledge. Hence, Kant’s attempt to unify reason via the practical route can be reconstructed in a way that is largely in line with the commitments of his critical philosophy.
Trametinib activates endogenous neurogenesis and recovers neuropathology in a model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Mi-Yeon , Kim Mi Jeong , Lee Changyeob , Lee Juwon , Kim Sang Seong , Hong Sungho , Kim Hyoung Tae , Seo Jinsoo , Yoon Ki-Jun , Han Sungho 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEnhancing adult neurogenesis in the brain has been suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. We developed a screening platform, ATRIVIEW®, for molecules that activate neuronal differentiation of adult mouse NSCs. The most potent hit from an FDA-approved drug library was SNR1611 (trametinib), a selective MEK1/2 inhibitor. We found that trametinib increases the levels of P15INK4b and Neurog2, suggesting a mechanism by which MEK1/2 inhibition induces neuronal differentiation. Oral administration of trametinib increased adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and subventricular zone of the 5XFAD AD mouse model. Surprisingly, we also found that trametinib enhanced adult neurogenesis in the cortex. Consequently, trametinib rescued AD pathologies such as neuronal loss and cognitive impairment in 5XFAD mice. Finally, trametinib induced neurogenic differentiation of NSCs derived from AD patient iPSCs, which suggests its potential therapeutic application. Altogether, we suggest that restoration of endogenous adult neurogenesis by trametinib may be a promising therapeutic approach to AD.
Optimization of the optical transparency of bones by PACT-based passive tissue clearing
Authors: Jin Byung-Ho , Woo Jiwon , Lee Mirae , Ku Seockmo , Moon Hyung Seok , Ryu Seung Jun , Hyun Young-Min , Park Jeong-Yoon , Kuh Sung Uk , Cho Yong Eun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent developments in tissue clearing methods such as the passive clearing technique (PACT) have allowed three-dimensional analysis of biological structures in whole, intact tissues, thereby providing a greater understanding of spatial relationships and biological circuits. Nonetheless, the issues that remain in maintaining structural integrity and preventing tissue expansion/shrinkage with rapid clearing still inhibit the wide application of these techniques in hard bone tissues, such as femurs and tibias. Here, we present an optimized PACT-based bone-clearing method, Bone-mPACT+, that protects biological structures. Bone-mPACT+ and four different decalcifying procedures were tested for their ability to improve bone tissue clearing efficiency without sacrificing optical transparency; they rendered nearly all types of bone tissues transparent. Both mouse and rat bones were nearly transparent after the clearing process. We also present a further modification, the Bone-mPACT+ Advance protocol, which is specifically optimized for processing the largest and hardest rat bones for easy clearing and imaging using established tissue clearing methods.
Integrative analysis reveals early epigenetic alterations in high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Machino Hidenori , Dozen Ai , Konaka Mariko , Komatsu Masaaki , Nakamura Kohei , Ikawa Noriko , Shozu Kanto , Asada Ken , Kaneko Syuzo , Yoshida Hiroshi , Kato Tomoyasu , Nakayama Kentaro , Saloura Vassiliki , Kyo Satoru , Hamamoto Ryuji 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. To date, the profiles of gene mutations and copy number alterations in HGSOC have been well characterized. However, the patterns of epigenetic alterations and transcription factor dysregulation in HGSOC have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we performed integrative omics analyses of a series of stepwise HGSOC model cells originating from human fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells (HFTSECs) to investigate early epigenetic alterations in HGSOC tumorigenesis. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) methods were used to analyze HGSOC samples. Additionally, protein expression changes in target genes were confirmed using normal HFTSECs, serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs), and HGSOC tissues. Transcription factor motif analysis revealed that the DNA-binding activity of the AP-1 complex and GATA family proteins was dysregulated during early tumorigenesis. The protein expression levels of JUN and FOSL2 were increased, and those of GATA6 and DAB2 were decreased in STIC lesions, which were associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proteasome downregulation. The genomic region around the FRA16D site, containing a cadherin cluster region, was epigenetically suppressed by oncogenic signaling. Proteasome inhibition caused the upregulation of chemokine genes, which may facilitate immune evasion during HGSOC tumorigenesis. Importantly, MEK inhibitor treatment reversed these oncogenic alterations, indicating its clinical effectiveness in a subgroup of patients with HGSOC. This result suggests that MEK inhibitor therapy may be an effective treatment option for chemotherapy-resistant HGSOC.
Oncogenic KRAS mutation confers chemoresistance by upregulating SIRT1 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shin Dong Hoon , Jo Jeong Yeon , Choi Minyoung , Kim Kyung-Hee , Bae Young-Ki , Kim Sang Soo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractKirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue (KRAS) is a frequent oncogenic driver of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The treatment and outcomes of KRAS-mutant cancers have not been dramatically revolutionized by direct KRAS-targeted therapies because of the lack of deep binding pockets for specific small molecule inhibitors. Here, we demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of the class III histone deacetylase SIRT1 were upregulated by the KRASMut-Raf-MEK-c-Myc axis in KRASMut lung cancer cells and in lung tumors of a mouse model with spontaneous KrasG12D expression. KRASMut-induced SIRT1 bound to KRASMut and stably deacetylated KRASMut at lysine 104, which increased KRASMut activity. SIRT1 knockdown (K/D) or the SIRT1H363Y mutation increased KRASMut acetylation, which decreased KRASMut activity and sensitized tumors to the anticancer effects of cisplatin and erlotinib. Furthermore, in KrasG12D/+;Sirt1co/co mice, treatment with cisplatin and erlotinib robustly reduced the tumor burden and increased survival rates compared with those in spontaneous LSL-KrasG12D/+;Sirt1+/+ mice and mice in each single-drug treatment group. Then, we identified p300 as a KRASMut acetyltransferase that reinforced KRASMut lysine 104 acetylation and robustly decreased KRASMut activity. KRASMut lysine 104 acetylation by p300 and deacetylation by SIRT1 were confirmed by LC‒MS/MS. Consistent with this finding, the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 suppressed KRASMut activity, which synergistically abolished cell proliferation and colony formation, as well as the tumor burden in KRASMut mice, when combined with cisplatin or erlotinib. Our data reveal a novel pathway critical for the regulation of KRASMut lung cancer progression and provide important evidence for the potential application of SIRT1 inhibitors and p300 activators for the combination treatment of KRASMut lung cancer patients.
Phosphocode-dependent glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 signaling in immunity, metabolism, and disease
Authors: Lee Eun-Young , Hwang Jungwon , Kim Myung Hee 
Published: October 2023

AbstractUbiquitously expressed aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases play essential roles in decoding genetic information required for protein synthesis in every living species. Growing evidence suggests that they also function as crossover mediators of multiple biological processes required for homeostasis. In humans, eight cytoplasmic tRNA synthetases form a central machinery called the multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The formation of MSCs appears to be essential for life, although the role of MSCs remains unclear. Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1) is the most evolutionarily derived component within the MSC that plays a critical role in immunity and metabolism (beyond its catalytic role in translation) via stimulus-dependent phosphorylation events. This review focuses on the role of EPRS1 signaling in inflammation resolution and metabolic modulation. The involvement of EPRS1 in diseases such as cancer is also discussed.
Vascular regeneration and skeletal muscle repair induced by long-term exposure to SDF-1α derived from engineered mesenchymal stem cells after hindlimb ischemia
Authors: Kim Jin-Ju , Park Jae-Hyun , Kim Hyeok , Sim Woo-Sup , Hong Seokbeom , Choi Yeon-Jik , Kim Hyo-Jin , Lee Soon Min , Kim Dongha , Kang Sun-woong , Ban Kiwon , Park Hun-Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite recent progress in medical and endovascular therapy, the prognosis for patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) remains poor. In response, various stem cells and growth factors have been assessed for use in therapeutic neovascularization and limb salvage in CLI patients. However, the clinical outcomes of cell-based therapeutic angiogenesis have not provided the promised benefits, reinforcing the need for novel cell-based therapeutic angiogenic strategies to cure untreatable CLI. In the present study, we investigated genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human bone marrow that continuously secrete stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF1α-eMSCs) and demonstrated that intramuscular injection of SDF1α-eMSCs can provide long-term paracrine effects in limb ischemia and effectively contribute to vascular regeneration as well as skeletal muscle repair through increased phosphorylation of ERK and Akt within the SDF1α/CXCR4 axis. These results provide compelling evidence that genetically engineered MSCs with SDF-1α can be an effective strategy for successful limb salvage in limb ischemia.
A new era of stem cell and developmental biology: from blastoids to synthetic embryos and beyond
Authors: Kim Yunhee , Kim Inha , Shin Kunyoo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRecent discoveries in stem cell and developmental biology have introduced a new era marked by the generation of in vitro models that recapitulate early mammalian development, providing unprecedented opportunities for extensive research in embryogenesis. Here, we present an overview of current techniques that model early mammalian embryogenesis, specifically noting models created from stem cells derived from two significant species:Homo sapiens, for its high relevance, andMus musculus, a historically common and technically advanced model organism. We aim to provide a holistic understanding of these in vitro models by tracing the historical background of the progress made in stem cell biology and discussing the fundamental underlying principles. At each developmental stage, we present corresponding in vitro models that recapitulate the in vivo embryo and further discuss how these models may be used to model diseases. Through a discussion of these models as well as their potential applications and future challenges, we hope to demonstrate how these innovative advances in stem cell research may be further developed to actualize a model to be used in clinical practice.
Systemic antibiotics cause deterioration of emphysema associated with exaggerated inflammation and autophagy
Authors: Kim Na Hyun , Choi Bo-Yun , Kim Eun Sil , Kim Su Jung , Hong Jeong Yeon , Heo Sun-Hee , Jeong Jin-Yong , Kim Kyunggon , Yoo Hyun Ju , Sul Woo Jun , Lee Sei Won 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe interaction between the microbial environment and the host is important for immune homeostasis. Recent research suggests that microbiota dysbiosis can be involved in respiratory diseases. Emphysema is a chronic inflammatory disease, but it is unclear whether dysbiosis caused by antibiotics can affect disease progression. Here, we tried to elucidate the effect of systemic antibiotics on smoking-exposed emphysema models. In this study, the antibiotic mixture caused more alveolar destruction and airspace expansion in the smoking group than in the smoking only or control groups. This emphysema aggravation as a result of antibiotic exposure was associated with increased levels of inflammatory cells, IL-6, IFNγ and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Proteomics analysis indicated that autophagy could be involved in antibiotic-associated emphysema aggravation, and increased protein levels of LC3B, atg3, and atg7 were identified by Western blotting. In microbiome and metabolome analyses, the composition of the gut microbiota was different with smoking and antibiotic exposure, and the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetate and propionate, were reduced by antibiotic exposure. SCFA administration restored emphysema development with reduced inflammatory cells, IL-6, and IFNγ and decreased LC3B, atg3, and atg7 levels. In conclusion, antibiotics can aggravate emphysema, and inflammation and autophagy may be associated with this aggravation. This study provides important insight into the systemic impact of microbial dysbiosis and the therapeutic potential of utilizing the gut microbiota in emphysema.
Gastrodin overcomes chemoresistance via inhibiting Skp2-mediated glycolysis
Authors: Xie Li , Liao Jinzhuang , Liu Wenbin , Wang Ruirui , Li Xiaoying , Li Wei , Zhou Zhongsu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAerobic glycolysis, a typical phenotype in human tumors, is associated with tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. The present study demonstrated that cisplatin-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells exerted a stronger glycolysis ability, which was associated with hexokinase 2 (HK2) overexpression. Additionally, the tumor growth of OSCC cells was delayed in vivo and the glycolysis was notably decreased following HK2 knockdown. The natural compound screening revealed that gastrodin could be an effective candidate for OSCC therapy since it inhibited HK2-mediated glucose metabolism and promoted endogenous OSCC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, gastrodin could bind to protein kinase B (Akt) and suppress its activity, thus downregulating HK2 at the transcriptional level. Additionally, S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) was highly expressed in OSCC cells, while K63-linked ubiquitination of Akt was inhibited in Skp2-depleted cisplatin-resistant OSCC cells. Gastrodin could also inhibit the cisplatin resistance of OSCC cells in vivo, particularly when combined with the Skp2 inhibitor, SZL P1-41. Overall, the aforementioned finding suggested that targeting the Skp2-Akt axis could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating OSCC and overcoming chemoresistance.