bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relativistic and Ultra‐Relativistic Electron Bursts in Earth's Magnetotail Observed by Low‐Altitude Satellites
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Jia , Artemyev Anton V. , Li Xinlin , Arnold Harry , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Turner Drew L. , Shumko Mykhaylo , Runov Andrei , Mei Yang , Xiang Zheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEarth's magnetotail, a night‐side region characterized by stretched magnetic field lines and strong plasma currents, is the primary site for the release of magnetic field energy and its transformation into plasma heating and kinetic energy plus charged particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection. In this study, we demonstrate that the efficiency of this acceleration can be sufficiently high to produce populations of relativistic and ultra‐relativistic electrons, with energies up to several MeV, which exceeds all previous theoretical and simulation estimates. Using data from the low‐altitude ELFIN and CIRBE CubeSats, we show multiple events of relativistic electron bursts within the magnetotail, far poleward of the outer radiation belt. These bursts are characterized by power‐law energy spectra and can be detected during even moderate substorms.
Fully automated in vivo screening system for multi-organ imaging and pharmaceutical evaluation
Authors: Duan Junhan , Lin Guanming , Jiao Kangjian , Hong Xiaohui , Lin Xudong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Advancements in screening technologies employing small organisms have enabled deep profiling of compounds in vivo. However, current strategies for phenotyping of behaving animals, such as zebrafish, typically involve tedious manipulations. Here, we develop and validate a fully automated in vivo screening system (AISS) that integrates microfluidic technology and computer-vision-based control methods to enable rapid evaluation of biological responses of non-anesthetized zebrafish to molecular gradients. Via precise fluidic control, the AISS allows automatic loading, encapsulation, transportation and immobilization of single-larva in droplets for multi-organ imaging and chemical gradients generation inaccessible in previous systems. Using this platform, we examine the cardiac sensitivity of an antipsychotic drug with multiple concentration gradients, and reveal dramatic diversity and complexity in the accurate chemical regulation of cardiac functions in vivo. This proposed system expands the arsenal of tools available for in vivo screening and facilitates comprehensive profiling of pharmaceuticals.
Beyond genomics: using RNA-seq from dried blood spots to unlock the clinical relevance of splicing variation in a diagnostic setting
Authors: Bertoli-Avella Aida M. , Radefeldt Mandy , Al-Ali Ruslan , Pardo Luba M. , Lemke Sabrina , Leubauer Anika , Polla Daniel L. , Hörnicke Rebecca , Almeida Ligia S. , Kandaswamy Krishna Kumar , Beetz Christian , Pinto Basto Jorge , Bauer Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We aimed to assess the impact of splicing variants reported in our laboratory to gain insight into their clinical relevance. A total of 108 consecutive individuals, for whom 113 splicing variants had been reported, were selected for RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), considering the gene expression in blood. A protocol was developed to perform RNA extraction and sequencing using the same sample (dried blood spots, DBS) provided for the DNA analysis, including library preparation and bioinformatic pipeline analysis. Splicing in genes of interest was inspected using IGV, with at least three unaffected individuals as controls. From the 113 variants, we confirmed an abnormal splicing in 64 variants (57%). In 15 variants (13%), we did not observe a splicing alteration. In the remaining 34 variants, no decision could be made on the splicing effect due to insufficient sample quality (21%) or a low number of reads (9%). The most common event leading to aberrant splicing was exon skipping, identified in 31 variants (48%). Other events included cryptic donor/acceptor site usage (n = 25; 39%), intron retention (n = 4; 6%), and other complex events (n = 4; 6%). In three patients, pathologically reduced enzymatic activity (measured using the same DBS) served as additional confirmation of the abnormal splicing caused by variants in HEXA, GAA, and GLA. We implemented an RNA-seq pipeline using the same sample provided for genomic testing. This multiomic approach, as implemented in our routine diagnostic processes, clarifies the clinical relevance of most of the analyzed variants and delivers more comprehensive genetic testing.
A compendium of Amplification-Related Gain Of Sensitivity genes in human cancer
Authors: Rendo Veronica , Schubert Michael , Khuu Nicholas , Suarez Peredo Rodriguez Maria F. , Whyte Declan , Ling Xiao , van den Brink Anouk , Huang Kaimeng , Swift Michelle , He Yizhou , Zerbib Johanna , Smith Ross , Raaijmakers Jonne , Bandopadhayay Pratiti , Guenther Lillian M. , Hwang Justin H. , Iniguez Amanda , Moody Susan , Seo Ji-Heui , Stover Elizabeth H. , Garraway Levi , Hahn William C. , Stegmaier Kimberly , Medema René H. , Chowdhury Dipanjan , Colomé-Tatché Maria , Ben-David Uri , Beroukhim Rameen , Foijer Floris 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While the effect of amplification-induced oncogene expression in cancer is known, the impact of copy-number gains on “bystander” genes is less understood. We create a comprehensive map of dosage compensation in cancer by integrating expression and copy number profiles from over 8000 tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas and cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. Additionally, we analyze 17 cancer open reading frame screens to identify genes toxic to cancer cells when overexpressed. Combining these approaches, we propose a class of ‘Amplification-Related Gain Of Sensitivity’ (ARGOS) genes located in commonly amplified regions, yet expressed at lower levels than expected by their copy number, and toxic when overexpressed. We validate RBM14 as an ARGOS gene in lung and breast cancer cells, and suggest a toxicity mechanism involving altered DNA damage response and STING signaling. We additionally observe increased patient survival in a radiation-treated cancer cohort with RBM14 amplification.
Squared diffusion-weighted imaging for improving the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer
Authors: Valentin Birte , Schimmöller Lars , Boschheidgen Matthias , Ullrich Tim , Thiel Thomas Andreas , Ljimani Alexandra , Radtke Jan Philipp , Benkert Thomas , Albers Peter , Antoch Gerald , Wittsack Hans-Jörg , Quentin Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aim of this study was to proof the concept of optimizing the contrast between prostate cancer (PC) and healthy tissue by DWI post-processing using a quadrature method. DWI post-processing was performed on 30 patients (median age 67 years, prostate specific antigen 8.0 ng/ml) with PC and clear MRI findings (PI-RADS 4 and 5). Multiparametric MRI was performed at 3 Tesla. A multi-shot readout segmentation (rs-EPI) plus zoomed single-shot imaging (z-EPI) sequence was used in 15 patients (group 1) and a single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) plus rs-EPI sequence in 15 patients (group 2). B-value images (b1000 and b1800/2000) were squared and then evaluated objectively software-based and subjectively using a 5-point. The squared DWI technique showed a significantly higher contrast ratio (CR) for ss-EPI b1800 (p < 0.001), rs-EPI b1000 (p < 0.001), rs-EPI b1800 (p < 0.001), z-EPI b1000 (p = 0.008) and for z-EPI b2000 (p < 0.001). After post-processing, a significant improvement in the subjective assessment of image quality was observed for rs-EPI b1000 (p < 0.001), rs-EPI b1800 (p < 0.001) and z-EPI b1000 (p < 0.001). The application of the square post-processing to DWI results in a significant improvement in the CR between PC and healthy tissue, especially at high b-values of ss-EPI or re-EPI. This method may help to improve the detection and differentiation of PC lesions.
Relationship between neutropenia caused by nanoliposomal irinotecan/fluorouracil/leucovorin and treatment outcomes in the NAPOLEON-2 study (NN-2301)
Authors: Araki Tomonori , Sonoda Yuki , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Otsuka Taiga , Hayashi Kohei , Honda Takuya , Nakao Kazuhiko , Shibuki Taro , Nakazawa Junichi , Arima Shiho , Miwa Keisuke , Okabe Yoshinobu , Koga Futa , Ueda Yujiro , Kubotsu Yoshihito , Shimokawa Hozumi , Takeshita Shigeyuki , Komori Azusa , Nishikawa Kazuo , Otsu Satoshi , Hosokawa Ayumu , Oda Hisanobu , Sakai Tatsunori , Arita Shuji , Kawahira Machiko , Taguchi Hiroki , Tsuneyoshi Kengo , Kawaguchi Yasunori , Fujita Toshihiro , Sakae Takahiro , Shirakawa Tsuyoshi , Mizuta Toshihiko , Mitsugi Kenji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The relationship between nanoliposomal irinotecan/fluorouracil/leucovorin (NFF) treatment outcomes and neutropenia in patients with pancreatic cancer has not been thoroughly examined. Thus, we conducted a retrospective analysis of data from patients with pancreatic cancer who were treated with NFF to investigate this relationship. Neutropenia was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events across three cutoffs: A (grade 0 versus grade 1–4), B (grades 0–1 versus 2–4), and C (grades 0–2 versus 3–4). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were overall response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and relative dose intensity. Of the 161 patients, 93, 8, 22, 30, and 8 patients had neutropenia of grades 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The overall response rates differed significantly at cutoff C (p = 0.02), with the odds ratio for cutoff C being the highest, followed by cutoffs B and A. Significant differences in OS were observed at cutoffs A (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–0.94; p = 0.02) and B (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43–0.92, p = 0.02). Similarly, PFS showed significant differences at cutoffs A and B (p < 0.01). NFF-induced neutropenia can be a useful prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of electrical stunning on zebrafish larvae
Authors: Burkhardt David-Samuel , Leyden Claire , Thomas Carina , Brysch Christian , Dehmelt Florian Alexander , Arrenberg Aristides B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Two methods dominate the way that zebrafish larvae are euthanized after experimental procedures: anesthetic overdose and rapid cooling. Although MS-222 is easy to apply, this anesthetic takes about a minute to act and fish show aversive reactions and interindividual differences, limiting its reliability. Rapid cooling kills larvae after several hours and is not listed as an approved method in the relevant European Union directive. Electrical stunning is a promising alternative euthanasia method for zebrafish but has not yet been fully established. Here we characterize both behavioral and neurophysiological effects of electrical stunning in 4-day-old zebrafish larvae. We identified the electric field characteristics and stimulus duration (50 V/cm alternating current for 32 s) that reliably euthanizes free-swimming larvae and agarose-embedded larvae with an easy-to-implement protocol. Behavioral analysis and calcium neurophysiology show that larvae lose consciousness and stop responding to touch and visual stimuli very quickly (<1 s). Electrically stunned larvae no longer show coordinated brain activity. Their brains instead undergo a series of concerted whole-brain calcium waves over the course of many minutes before the cessation of all brain signals. Consistent with the need to implement the 3R at all stages of animal experimentation, the rapid and reliable euthanasia achieved by electrical stunning has potential for refinement of the welfare of more than 5 million zebrafish used annually in biomedical research worldwide.
Climate change dominates over urbanization in tropical cyclone rainfall patterns
Authors: Deng Zifeng , Villarini Gabriele , Wang Zhaoli 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The role of climate change and urbanization has typically been considered in isolation of each other and it remains unclear which one has a more dominant effect in terms of changes in rainfall from tropical cyclones. Here, we employ a convection-permitting numerical model to quantify the relative effects of urbanization and climate change on rainfall from ten typhoons across a highly urbanized area in China. We show that climate change is largely responsible for the changes in the spatial pattern and amounts of rainfall from tropical cyclones; on the other hand, urbanization consistently contributes to the redistribution of rainfall, and its positive effects are comparable to those of climate change in the urban core. Although the role of the thermodynamic component in altering tropical-cyclone rainfall increases under a warming climate, these rainfall changes are still largely driven by dynamic effects, especially when considering the role of urbanization.
Spin-orbit interaction driven terahertz nonlinear dynamics in transition metals
Authors: Salikhov Ruslan , Lysne Markus , Werner Philipp , Ilyakov Igor , Schüler Michael , de Oliveira Thales V. A. G. , Ponomaryov Alexey , Arshad Atiqa , Prajapati Gulloo Lal , Deinert Jan-Christoph , Makushko Pavlo , Makarov Denys , Cowan Thomas , Fassbender Jürgen , Lindner Jürgen , Lindner Aleksandra , Ortix Carmine , Kovalev Sergey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The interplay of electronic charge, spin, and orbital currents, coherently driven by picosecond long oscillations of light fields in spin-orbit coupled systems, is the foundation of emerging terahertz lightwave spintronics and orbitronics. The essential rules for how terahertz fields interact with these systems in a nonlinear way are still not understood. In this work, we demonstrate a universally applicable electronic nonlinearity originating from spin-orbit interactions in conducting materials, wherein the interplay of light-induced spin and orbital textures manifests. We utilized terahertz harmonic generation spectroscopy to investigate the nonlinear dynamics over picosecond timescales in various transition metal films. We found that the terahertz harmonic generation efficiency scales with the spin Hall conductivity in the studied films, while the phase takes two possible values (shifted by π), depending on the d-shell filling. These findings elucidate the fundamental mechanisms governing non-equilibrium spin and orbital polarization dynamics at terahertz frequencies, which is relevant for potential applications of terahertz spin- and orbital-based devices.
Seeing Into the Future: Adults' Accuracy Predicting the Vocabulary of Early Symbolic Communicators Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Authors: Frick Semmler Bethany J. , Kitsmiller Hannah , Bean Allison 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Vocabulary access is important for individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), especially for children in the early stages of language learning. This study sought to understand how accurate speech-language pathologists (SLPs), teachers, and parents are in predicting the vocabulary needed by early symbolic communicators who use AAC in three contexts.

Method:
Ten groups, each with a child who used AAC as their primary mode of communication and who was classified as an early symbolic communicator and their parent, teacher, and SLP, participated. The parents, teachers, and SLPs predicted a vocabulary list of words children who use AAC needed to participate in a dinner, a math lesson, and a speech session using the blank page method and categorical inventories technique. Children were then recorded in 15-min videos participating in the three contexts. Words were recorded and compared to the words predicted.

Results:
There was large variability in the accuracy of percentage of words the children used that were predicted by the adults out of all the words the children used. The adults were significantly more accurate predicting the vocabulary for the math lesson than the dinner.

Conclusions:
Parents, teachers, and SLPs predicted much of the vocabulary of early symbolic communicators who use AAC. Implications for early vocabulary selection and alternatives to predicting vocabulary are discussed.
Efficient magnetohydrodynamic modelling of the time-evolving corona by COCONUT
Authors: Wang H. P. , Poedts S. , Lani A. , Brchnelova M. , Baratashvili T. , Linan L. , Zhang F. , Hou D. W. , Zhou Y. H. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) solar corona models are critical in the Sun-to-Earth modelling chain and are the most complex and computationally intensive component. Compared to quasi-steady-state corona models that are constrained by a time-invariant magnetogram over a Carrington rotation (CR) period, time-evolving corona models driven by time-varying photospheric magnetograms are more realistic and can maintain more useful information to accurately describe solar wind evolution and forecast coronal mass ejection propagation.
Aims. Implicit methods have significantly improved the efficiency of quasi-steady MHD coronal modelling. However, developing efficient time-evolving corona models to improve space weather forecasting is also important. This paper aims to demonstrate that time-evolving corona simulations can be performed efficiently and accurately using an implicit method with relatively large time steps, thus reducing the overall computational cost. We also evaluate differences between coronal structures captured by time-evolving and quasi-steady simulations over a CR period during solar minimum.
Methods. We extended the quasi-steady COCONUT model, a global MHD corona model that uses implicit methods to select large time steps, into a time-evolving corona model. Specifically, we used a series of hourly updated photospheric magnetograms to drive the evolution of coronal structures from the solar surface to 25 Rs during two CRs around the 2019 eclipse in an inertial coordinate system. At each time step, the inner-boundary magnetic field was temporal-interpolated and updated from adjacent observation-based magnetograms. We compare the time-evolving and quasi-steady simulations to demonstrate that the differences in these two types of coronal modelling can be obvious even for a solar minimum. The relative differences in radial velocity and density can be over 15% and 25% at 20 Rs during one CR period. We also evaluated the impact of time steps on the simulation results. Using a time step of approximately 10 minutes balances efficiency and necessary numerical stability and accuracy for time-evolving corona simulations around solar minima. The chosen 10-minute time step significantly exceeds the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy stability condition needed for explicit corona modelling, and the time-evolving COCONUT can thus simulate the coronal evolution during a full CR within only 9 hours (using 1080 CPU cores for 1.5M grid cells).
Results. The simulation results demonstrate that time-evolving MHD coronal simulations can be performed efficiently and accurately using an implicit method, offering a more realistic alternative to quasi-steady-state simulations. The fully implicit time-evolving corona model thus promises to simulate the time-evolving corona accurately in practical space weather forecasting.
Navigation versus Robotik in der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie – Pro Robotik
Authors: Kudernatsch Manfred 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungDer erste durch einen Roboter unterstützte Wirbelsäuleneingriff wurde vor 20 Jahren
durchgeführt. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt waren bereits optische Navigationssysteme verfügbar, die
überwiegend kranial, aber auch spinal eingesetzt wurden. Verglichen mit der sich rasch
verbreitenden Navigation etablierte sich die spinale Robotik anfangs nur langsam. In den
letzten zehn Jahren gab es jedoch einen entscheidenden Entwicklungsschub, bei dem die optische
Navigation mit robotischen Assistenzarmen kombiniert wurde. Aktuell kommen auch in der
Wirbelsäulenchirurgie erste aktive Endeffektoren zum Einsatz. Durch das ideale Zusammenspiel
mit intraoperativer 3D-Bildgebung bieten moderne navigierte OP-Roboter eine sehr präzise,
sichere, zeit- und strahlensparende Unterstützung im OP-Saal. Nicht nur der Patient, sondern
auch das OP-Personal – OTA und Operateure – profitieren von dieser Technologie. Es gelingt
komplexe spinale Operationen mit einem niedrigeren physischen und psychischen Anspannungsgrad
durchzuführen. Die Integration von künstlicher Intelligenz (KI), maschinellem Lernen (ML),
Augmented Reality (AR) sowie die Weiterentwicklung aktiver Funktionen bieten zukünftig
weitreichende Innovationsmöglichkeiten in der Operationsplanung und Durchführung. Navigierte
robotische Assistenz stellt somit nicht nur eine konsequente Weiterentwicklung der spinalen
Navigation dar, sondern ist ein Instrument im Operationssaal, welches das Potential hat,
synergistisch mit dem Operateur zu interagieren.
The Diagnostic Assessment of Inherited Platelet Function Defects - Part 1: An Overview of the Diagnostic Approach and Laboratory Methods
Authors: Hoepner Gero , Althaus Karina , Müller Jens , Zieger Barbara , Pavlova Anna , Boeckelmann Doris , Knöfler Ralf , Bugert Peter , Kehrel Beate , Streif Werner , Birschmann Ingvild , Rühl Heiko , Sachs Ulrich , Prüller Florian , Zaninetti Carlo , Schulze Harald , Cooper Nina , Jurk Kerstin , Bakchoul Tamam 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this article, our goal is to offer an introduction and overview of the diagnostic approach to inherited platelet function defects (iPFDs) for clinicians and laboratory personnel who are beginning to engage in the field. We describe the most commonly used laboratory methods and propose a diagnostic four-step approach, wherein each stage requires a higher level of expertise and more specialized methods. It should be noted that our proposed approach differs from the ISTH Guidance on this topic in some points. The first step in the diagnostic approach of iPFD should be a thorough medical history and clinical examination. We strongly advocate for the use of a validated bleeding score like the ISTH-BAT (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Bleeding Assessment Tool). External factors like diet and medication have to be considered. The second step should rule out plasmatic bleeding disorders and von Willebrand disease. Once this has been accomplished, the third step consists of a thorough platelet investigation of platelet phenotype and function. Established methods consist of blood smear analysis by light microscopy, light transmission aggregometry, and flow cytometry. Additional techniques such as lumiaggregometry, immune fluorescence microscopy, and platelet-dependent thrombin generation help confirm and specify the diagnosis of iPFD. In the fourth and last step, genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis, reveal novel mutations, and allow to compare unclear genetics with lab results. If diagnosis cannot be established through this process, experimental methods such as electron microscopy can give insight into the underlying disease.