bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autochthonous probiotic bacteria improve intestinal pathology and histomorphology, expression of immune and growth-related genes and resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Emam Seyyad Mojtaba , Mohammadian Babak , Mohammadian Takavar , Tabande Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The study isolated two strains of intestinal autochthonous bacteria lactobacillus plantarum1 (MH155966.1) (L1) and lactobacillus plantarum2 (MH105076.1) (L2) from the Choobdeh Abadan region. To reveal the effects of these strains of bacteria on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and histopathologic and histomorphometric characterization of the intestine, gut microflora, expression of immune and growth-related genes, and resistance against the disease of Lates calcarifer, examining 9 fish from each treatment, which after euthanasia, was placed 2 cm from the beginning of the intestine for microscopic sampling of villi height, villi width and thickness of the epithelium. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 3 treatments: pelleted feed without any probiotic (Diet 1); pelleted feed with Lactobacillus plantarum isolated 1 (L1), Lactobacillus plantarum isolated 2 (L2). For each treatment, 60 juveniles (75 ± 12 gr) were distributed in fiberglass tanks (1m3) and fed for 45 days. Differences in the mean values of total weight were found at the end of the experiment. After 45 days of culture, the fish fed feed with L1 had higher (P < 0.05) growth performance than the other treatment groups. But at the end of the trial, in L2, Digestive enzyme activities were higher (P < 0.05) than the other treatment groups. The fishes fed diets supplemented with the L2 group, like the Digestive enzyme activities test, presented an increase in the thickness of the epithelium of the intestine, and villus height, and villus width were greatest in L2. Fish feeding with L1 and L2 probiotics induced higher transcription levels of EGF, TGFβ, GMCFC, and IL-10 genes in the gut, which may correlate with better immune and hematological parameters in these groups. The results of the challenge test revealed that the percentage of survival was significantly higher in L1 and L2 treatments than in the control. These results indicate that host-derived probiotics (L. plantarum) have significant potential as important probiotics to enhance nutrient utilization, Digestive enzymes, and metabolism by increasing the gut surface area of Lates calcarifer juveniles at 45 days of culture.
CC7 transfer to median nerve and deep branch of ulnar nerve by pedicled ulnar nerve and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
Authors: Liu Yuzhou , Yu Hu , Zhuang Yongqing , Lao Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

As for global brachial plexus avulsion (GBPA), the recoveries of intrinsic muscles are not satisfying after nerve transfers. A retrospective review of 31 patients treated with different CC7 transfers after GBPA was carried out. The modified group: CC7 transfer to median nerve and DBUN by medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN). The conventional group: CC7 transfer to median nerve. The mean follow-up period was 2.5 years. After CC7 transfers, one patient got M3, one patient got M2 and two patients got M1 in abductor digiti minimi (ADM) in the modified group, while no patients had recovery in ADM in the conventional group. The recoveries of abductor pollicis brevis (APB) were similar between two groups. Motor unit potentials (MUP) of ADM and dorsal interosseous muscle (DIM) appeared in 4 and 2 patients respectively after surgery in the modified group. Nobody gained MUP of ADM or DIM in the conventional group. There were no statistical differences of MUP in APB, compound motor action potential (CMAP) in FDPI and FCR between two groups. CC7 transfer to median nerve and DBUN by pedicled ulnar nerve and MACN could initially make intrinsic muscles regeneration in patients with GBPA, while not affect the recovery of median nerve.
Temperature-dependent variations in under-canopy herbaceous foliar diseases following shrub encroachment in grasslands
Authors: Liu Xiang , Dang Yinlin , Zhang Peng , Jiang Peixi , Ke Junsheng , Xiao Yao , Liu Mu , Liu Jianquan , Tian Bin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The spread of woody plants into grasslands represents a worldwide concern because of its impact on species biodiversity and ecosystem operations. However, our comprehension of the influence of shrubs on herbaceous diseases in grasslands is limited. In our study, we performed extensive examinations on herbaceous populations under the shrub canopy as well as nearby grassland patches in shrubby grasslands over 4,000 kilometers. This large-scale assessment encompassed grassland regions with significant variability in both temperature and precipitation. Our findings uncovered that shrubs elevated the under-canopy pathogen load of herbaceous foliar fungal diseases by increasing the air humidity of the herbaceous assemblages alongside aboveground biomass in warmer regions. However, in colder regions, shrub expansion reduced both pathogen load and herbaceous biomass below the canopy. Temperature, rather than precipitation, was the primary driver for the variations in biomass and herbaceous pathogen load in the variable under-canopy herbaceous populations. These contrasting alterations in herbaceous biomass and diseases following shrub expansion, along with the related environmental variations, emphasize the requirement for adaptive management approaches tailored to shrub encroachment scenarios.
Identification of novel gene variants causing autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in Iranian families
Authors: Ajam-Hosseini Mobarakeh , Parvini Farshid , Angaji Abdolhamid 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Hearing loss (HL) is known as the most common sensory disorder in humans, with an incidence in 466 million people worldwide. This disorder is genetically highly heterogeneous, so that among the 180 genes responsible for HL, a disproportionate share of genes is involved in different ethnicities. Here, we report the underlying genetic cause of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) segregating in four Iranian unrelated families.
Methods
In the first step, patients were examined for mutations in the common genes GJB2 and GJB6. After confirming the negativity of mutations in these genes, the affected patients were subjected to targeted exome sequencing (TES). Subsequently, Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the mutations found in the patients and their family members. In silico analyses were used to consider the possible deleterious effect of the identified variants on encoded proteins.
Results
TES revealed a novel intronic mutation c.490-8C > A in CABP2 gene, a novel ~ 154 kb deletion mutation including OTOA gene involved in HL, and two previously reported mutations c.413C > A and c.966dupC in TMPRSS3 and COL11A2 genes, respectively. In addition, segregation analysis and in-silico evaluations confirmed the disease-causing nature of mutations found.
Conclusion
Our findings could extend the pathogenic mutations spectrum of NSHL, highlight the high genetic heterogeneity of HL and also aid to conduct genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and clinical management of HL in the Iranian population.
Modeling the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake tsunami: implications for tsunami sources in the eastern margin of the Japan Sea
Authors: Masuda Hidetoshi , Sugawara Daisuke , Cheng An-Chi , Suppasri Anawat , Shigihara Yoshinori , Kure Shuichi , Imamura Fumihiko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A moment magnitude (Mw) 7.5 earthquake occurred on January 1, 2024, at the northern tip of the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan, triggering a large tsunami. Seismological and geodetic observations revealed the rupture of mapped submarine active faults. While proximal segment ruptures were well resolved by existing researches, distal segments posed challenges for onshore tsunami observations, prompting the need for a comprehensive study on wave sources. We aimed to examine tsunami propagation and inundation using three different fault models to identify the general characteristics of the tsunami source and evaluate the complexities of earthquake and submarine landslide-induced tsunamis. The study identified the simultaneous rupture of two active fault systems as the most suitable model for explaining observed tsunami height and inundation; however, some inconsistencies with observations remain. The propagation process did not follow a concentric pattern but aligned with bathymetric heterogeneity. The findings also suggested potential amplification effects responsible for Iida Bay’s coast devastation and indicated a possible submarine landslide in southern Toyama Bay. The findings of the present work will benefit the exploration of a more realistic tsunami source model, considering the differences between observations and simulations. Such efforts, in collaboration with paleotsunami research, will contribute to the improved assessment of hazards from submarine active faults.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: li qiong , zhao chenyang , Liu Miao , Lei Dongzhu , yue chaoyan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective We aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between PUFAs and the risk of ICP using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using large-scale European-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary data related to ICP containing 115,006 samples. The exposures,including omega-3 fatty acids levels, ratio of omega-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids, ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids, ratio of linoleic acid to total fatty acids, come from UK Biobank containing 11,590,399 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). MR analysis was performed mainly using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) methods, and other methods including were conducted to validate the result.We also cnducted sensitivity analysis to identify the potential heterogeneity and pleiotropy.
Results We found that the risk of ICP was reduced by 31% for every 1SD increase in omega-3 fatty acids levels(OR=0.69, 95%CI=0.54 to 0.89) and in omega-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids(OR=0.69, 95%CI=0.53 to 0.91). The risk of ICP was increased by 51% for every 1SD increase in ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids(OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.20 to 1.91) and increased by 138% for every 1SD increase in ratio of linoleic fatty acids to total fatty acids (OR = 2.38, 95%CI=1.55 to 3.66).
Conclusions Our study suggests that omega-3 fatty acids are protective against the risk of ICP, while omega-6 fatty acids and linoleic fatty acids are potential risk factors for ICP. Omega-3 fatty acids and omega-6 fatty acids can be used as markers for potential risk stratification of ICP.
Spatial Variations of Landslide Severity with respect to Meteorological and Soil Related Factors
Authors: Dutta Kunal , Poddar Arkaprabha , Middya Asif Iqbal , Roy Sarbani 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Landslides, a prevalent natural disaster, wreak havoc on both human lives and vital infrastructure, making them a significant global concern. Their devastating impact is immeasurable, necessitating proactive measures to minimize their occurrence. The ability to accurately forecast the severity of a landslide, including its potential fatality rate and the scale of destruction it may cause, holds tremendous potential for prevention and mitigation to reduce the risk and the damage caused by a landslide to infrastructure and life. In this study, the spatial variability in severity of landslides (in terms of mortality rates) and its dependence on various meteorological, geographical and soil composition has been attempted to be established. To do this, Ordinary Least Squares (global) and various Geographically Weighted (local) models have been employed to observe the varying relation between mortality rates and its various causative factors. Existence of geographical heterogeneity in the relationships is also investigated. The spatial pattern of landslide mortality and its associations with various causative variables in the South Asian Region are investigated and analysed. Through this, insights into targeting of prevention and mitigation measures for landslides based on a given location can be obtained by studying the various forms of heterogeneous spatial associations observed. The outcomes highlight that the local models in the form of Gaussian GWR and Poisson GWR outperform their global counterparts by a huge margin with better R2 and Adj R2 values. In comparison with Poisson GWR and Gaussian GWR , it is seen that Poisson GWR outperforms Gaussian GWR in terms of Mean Absolute Error, Mean Squared Error and Corrected Akaike Information Criterion. Furthermore, several intriguing local relationships patterns are also noted.
Intensive care unit nurses' futile care perception in COVID-19 patients and its relationship with resilience and turnover intention: A cross-sectional descriptive study
Authors: akhuleh Omid Zadi , Tavani Fatemeh Molaei , Behshid Mozhgan , Sheikhalipour Zahra , Rahmani Parvin , KHodayari Mohammad Taghi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Futile care is a set of actions without creating a reasonable chance of benefiting critically ill patients. In the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to discuss futile care perception. This may cause unbearable pressure for nurses in terms of resilience and turnover intention.This study was designed to determine the ICU nurses' perception of futile care in COVID-19 patients and its relationship with resilience and turnover intention.
Methods
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 251 nurses working in COVID-19 ICUs, in 2021 who were recruited with the stratified random sampling method.The data collection tools included questionnaires for demographic information, futile care, resilience assessment, and turnover intention. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS v26 software.
Results
A high average level (64.78 ± 9.98) of futile care perception was found in the studied nurses, and their average levels of turnover intention (36.4 ± 5.1) and resilience (65.5 ± 14.1) were evaluated at a moderate level. A significant and inverse relationship was observed between futile care perception and resilience (P = 0.047, rs= -0.077). There was a significant and positive relationship between futile care perception and turnover intention (P = 0.026, rs= 0.151). The resilience and turnover intention variables were correlated inversely and significantly (rs= -0.158, P = 0.014).
Conclusion
The adoption of appropriate strategies by managers can direct the nursing care path from futile to useful care. Given the significant relationship between resilience and turnover intention, it is recommended to teach strategies in the teaching program of nurses to enhance their resilience.
Genetic associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and mitral regurgitation
Authors: ren ruirui , Jin Natong , zhang hao , Zheng yang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
It has been investigated the casual association between systolic blood pressure and valvular heart diseases, but other cardiometabolic risk factors and ventricular-related diseases and atrial-related diseases for mitral regurgitation remain largely unclear.
Methods
This study used a Mendelian randomization (MR) method to assess the relationships between the main cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases with mitral regurgitation. Instruments for the genetic effect of exposure ( Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Low- Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein, Triglyceride, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Fasting glucose, C-reactive protein, Atrial Fibrillation, Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure ) were extracted from the IEU Open GWAS project or meta-analysis among participants of European ancestry (linkage disequilibrium threshold of r2<0.001 ). Instruments for outcome variables (mitral regurgitation) were identified from UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main method.
Results
Cardiometabolic risk factors associated with a higher risk of mitral regurgitation included: systolic blood pressure [OR: 1.00006, 95% CI: 1.000003-1.000115, P=0.0385] and cardiovascular diseases included atrial fibrillation (AF) [OR:1.000946, 95% CI: 1.000239-1.001654, P=0.0088]. No apparent associations with mitral regurgitation were obtained for genetic instruments for other factors.
Conclusion
Our Mendelian analysis proved that systolic blood pressure and atrial fibrillation were associated with the risk of mitral regurgitation.
The Mediating Role of Resilience Between Vicarious Trauma, Compassion Fatigue and Moral Injury of Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Alenezi Atallah , Alshammari Mohammed HaMIan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Nurses possess the capacity to deliver exceptional care, but their ability is greatly affected by the related issues of vicarious trauma (VT), compassion fatigue (CF), and moral injury (MI). Nurses have inherent resilience despite the challenges, enabling them to confront and overcome these difficulties with determination and professionalism. This study explored the role of resilience as a mediator between the effects of vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, and moral injury among nurses in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: In this study, 511 staff nurses were recruited from three hospitals in Hail, Saudi Arabia. The research was conducted using a quantitative correlation cross-sectional design, and a structural equation model (SEM) was developed, guided by the STROBE criteria. The participants were selected through consecutive sampling.
Results: The findings demonstrate that vicarious trauma positively affects resilience, compassion fatigue, and moral injury. Resilience has a positive impact on both compassion fatigue and moral injury. Furthermore, compassion fatigue directly influences moral injury.
Conclusion: Our study found that resilience is the strongest predictor of CF, while CF has the greatest impact on MI.
7-ketocholesterol enhances BACE1-amyloid precursor protein cleavage and amyloidogenic peptide generation targeted by natural molecules
Authors: Krishnan Mahalakshmi , Kumaresan Manikandan , Ravi Sangeetha , Martin Livya Catherene , Duraisamy Parimalanandhini , Munusamy Arumugam , Ramar Manikandan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disorder characterised by amyloid beta aggregates activated by the accumulation of lipid molecules and their derivatives. The current therapeutics needs more effectiveness and signifies an undesirable effect. Disease-altering natural molecules-based treatment that are still behind the subject of in-depth research. In this study, bornyl acetate (BA) and menthol (ME) the natural monoterpenes were investigated for their neuroprotective effects. We analysed the lipid accumulation, amyloid generation and progressive pathologies like free radical generation, acetylcholinesterase levels, calcium accumulation and mitochondrial integrity induced by 7-ketocholesterol in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, mediators involved in the amyloidogenic, inflammatory and apoptotic pathway were studied. Our results showed that the cells induced with 7-ketocholesterol upon co-treatment with BA and ME notably reduced lipid accumulation and amyloid generation through TLR4 suppression as well as enhanced ABCA1 mediated clearance. Co-treatment with BA and ME concurrently regulated oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase activity, mitochondrial damage and intracellular calcification altered by 7-ketocholesterol in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, 7-ketocholesterol treated cells shows elevated mRNA levels of misfolded protein markers, apoptotic mediator, which were significantly downregulated by BA and ME co-treated cells. In addition, the protein expression of amyloidogenic, proinflammatory as well as pro-apoptotic markers were decreased by BA and ME co-treatment with 7KCh-induced cells. Overall, BA and ME mediated inhibition of amyloidogenic activation and cell survival against 7-ketocholesterol induced inflammation. In brief our study unveiled an auspicious disease targeted multipotential compounds to prevent the onset and progression of AD.
Characteristics of Ocular Syphilis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients in Tertiary Eye Care Center : A Two-Year Observational Study
Authors: Setiawan Grace , Mustaram Arief , Muslima Patriotika , Fajriansyah Angga , Idrus Elfa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Syphilis is a chronic systemic disease caused by the Treponema pallidum that is transmitted through sexual intercourse or trans-placental. Syphilis has the ability to mimic clinical manifestations of many organ systems, including the eye. Ocular syphilis can occur at any stage of syphilis A worldwide increase of ocular syphilis has been reported, especially in men having sex with men (MSM) and in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population.
Purpose
To describe the clinical characteristics of ocular syphilis in HIV-positive patients in the Indonesian National Eye Center, Cicendo Eye Hospital.
Methods
A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from medical records of patients diagnosed as ocular syphilis with HIV co-infection from January 2019 to March 2021. Gender, age, marital status, educational level, sexual preference, clinical features, visual acuity, ocular lateralization, ocular medications, systemic medications, and follow-up period were reviewed.
Results
A total of 26 eyes from 15 patients were included in this study. The majority of the subjects were males (93%) with the age of 20–30 years old (66%). All of the subjects were HIV-positive and 53% of them were MSM. Bilateral ocular syphilis were found in 73% subjects with panuveitis as the most common (65%) clinical manifestation. The median of the follow-up period was 4 (3–11) months.
Conclusion
Characteristics of population in this study were young-adult males that were tested positive for HIV with the history of MSM. Bilateral panuveitis was the most prominent clinical manifestation.
Evolution of Methyl Mercaptan in Its-Assisted Kraft Pulping Process
Authors: Hu Songnan , Li Peiyuan , Zhang Saisai , Huang Liulian , Chen Lihui , Hu Hui-Chao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Pulp industry is one of the oldest and most large-scale chemical industries to realize biomass high-value utilization in the world. In pulp industry, it is perplexed researches and engineers that the kraft pulp yield is far from the cellulose and hemicellulose contents in biomass. Since the methyl mercaptan (MeSH) can be self-produced by kraft pulping process, its-assisted kraft pulping has been revisited to increase pulp yield. The MeSH has strong nucleophilicity, making it could be consumed by demethylation or non-demethylation reactions. To achieve a higher MeSH recovery, it has important significance to investigate the relations of MeSH and its products with pulping conditions. It was found that employing higher pulping temperature, more alkali charge, and larger ratios of Na2S:MeSH can greatly improve the recyclable residual MeSH content in black liquors from 17–36%. With the moderate pulping conditions, the residual MeSH content was approximately 30% accounting on the original MeSH. Amounts of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), the high value demethylation product of lignin or hemicellulose by MeSH, was found in black liquors up to 15% on the original MeSH. Almost half amount of MeSH involved in the non-demethylation reactions and can not be recycled. In the separated kraft lignins, the generation pathway and chemical structure of the new methylsulfur-containing lignin was supposed based on the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. To obtain the economic balance and profit, the DMS recycling was proposed as the cost compensation, or adopting the partial MeSH-assisted kraft pulping in the batch digesting systems.