bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of wildfire smoke on children's health: A systematic review
Authors: Syed Amal , Basu Rupa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundWith wildfires increasing globally due to climate change, children may be more behaviourally exposed and more physiologically vulnerable to adverse health outcomes.ObjectiveTo complete a comprehensive investigation of epidemiological studies examining respiratory and non‐respiratory impacts of wildfires to identify research gaps and inform decision‐making to protect children's health.Data SourcesThe databases searched were PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar.Study Selection and Data ExtractionGlobal epidemiological studies that investigated individuals under the age of 18 and were published from January 2006 to July 2024 were eligible to be included. Studies were included if they had wildfire days, smoke, or pollutants as the main exposure and had an outcome related to children's health. Though a meta‐analysis was not possible, results were reported qualitatively through summaries of evidence tables and noteworthy results and the magnitude of the associations for each outcome was reported.ResultsTwenty‐four studies were selected. Sixteen studies examined respiratory outcomes and 11 studies included non‐respiratory outcomes. A meta‐analysis was not conducted, and consistent conclusions could not be made due to the heterogeneity and the small number of studies. Most respiratory‐related studies found positive associations between wildfire exposure and adverse respiratory outcomes. All non‐respiratory outcomes, except physical activity, had positive associations with wildfire exposure. For most non‐respiratory outcomes, only one study evaluated each outcome. Higher‐risk children were asthmatic, obese, under the age of five, in low‐income countries or with a low socio‐economic status.ConclusionsThere is consistent evidence that wildfire exposure is associated with adverse respiratory health in children, globally. There is less consistent evidence for the effect of wildfire exposure on non‐respiratory outcomes. Further long‐term research on non‐respiratory outcomes in children, specifically physical activity, academic success and mental health is needed, especially in high‐risk populations.
Integrating physiological, metabolome and transcriptome revealed the response of maize seeds to combined cold and high soil moisture stresses
Authors: Meng Xiangzeng , Cao Yujun , Lv Yanjie , Wang Lichun , Wang Yongjun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCombined cold and high moisture stress (CHS) is a prevalent abiotic stress during maize sowing in northeast China, severely affecting the growth of seedlings and seed germination. However, the mechanism underlying seed growth responses to CHS remains unclear. We used Jidan441 (JD441, CHS‐resistant) and Jidan558 (JD558, CHS‐sensitive) as experimental materials. Treatments of 5‐day cold (4°C, CS), high moisture (25%, gravimetric water content, HH), and CHS were initiated at sowing, followed by a return to normal growth conditions (20°C during light/ 15°C during dark, 15%) at 7 days after sowing (DAS). CS, HH, and CHS decreased seed root length and surface area. The reduction in root length and surface area in JD441 due to CHS was less severe than in JD558. We found that the difference between CHS and control in JD441was less than that in JD558 at transcriptional and metabolic levels at 7 DAS. After CHS removal, JD441 exhibited a greater increase in α‐amylase activity and antioxidant content than JD558, which facilitated starch decomposition and the rapid removal of O2− and H2O2 in seeds. The rapid recovery of soluble sugar and soluble protein in JD441 helped maintain osmotic balance. Amino acids and genes related to amino acid metabolism were upregulated in response to combined stress in JD441, whereas they were downregulated in JD558. In conclusion, the stress tolerance of JD441 was attributed to its efficient recovery ability from CHS. This study provides a scientific foundation for exploring seed stress tolerance pathways and developing cold and high‐moisture‐tolerant hybrids.
Knowledge and attitudes about dementia among nursing students in Vietnam: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pham Dung Thi My , Do An Dang , Do Hien Thi Thu , Nguyen Anh Ngoc , Nguyen Binh Thanh , Do Mai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDementia is one of the most pressing health concerns among the ageing population, imposing significant health, financial and caregiving burdens on people with dementia (PWD), their families and caregivers. Building the capacity of nursing students is essential for effectively improving quality of life for affected people. This study aimed to assess nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward dementia and its associated factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in four medical schools educating 3‐year and 4‐year diploma nursing students in northern, central and southern Vietnam, who were selected based on convenience. Six hundred full‐time diploma senior nursing students were recruited for the survey. A self‐administered questionnaire consisted of 34 true‐false questions evaluating students' knowledge about dementia (Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale) and 20 items using a five‐point Likert scale assessing their attitudes toward dementia (Dementia Attitudes Scale) was used. The tools were validated with 60 students and showed good internal reliability.FindingsSenior nursing students exhibited insufficient knowledge of dementia (mean score of 20.82 ± 2.96 out of 34) but demonstrated positive attitudes toward dementia care (mean score of 65.54 ± 8.25 out of 90). Engaging in a 4‐year diploma program (β = 0.501), being female (β = 0.827), and achieving greater academic performance (β = 0.795) were positively associated with increased knowledge of dementia (P < 0.05). Being female (β = 2.179) and possessing better knowledge of dementia (β = 2.740) also positively affected nursing students' attitudes toward dementia (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe study is the first to shed light on the gaps in dementia knowledge among senior nursing students in Vietnam. It also provides a comparison in dementia knowledge and attitudes between students enrolling in 3‐year versus 4‐year nursing diploma programs. Educational strategies are needed to not only equip students with adequate knowledge and reinforced positive attitudes toward dementia, but to strengthen nursing graduates' knowledge and attititudes of dementia to better their capacity in ageing and dementia care.Implications for nursing practiceThe findings highlighted the need to enhance training programs to meet the growing demand for dementia care. Additional post‐graduation training activities are also recommended to increase competencies of nurses in caring for PWD.
Program Design to Ease Administrative Burden in Times of Crisis: An Evaluation of Two Emergency Aid Programs in Los Angeles
Authors: Estrada‐Miller Jeimee , Olson Hilary , Painter Gary 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWith students increasingly struggling to afford basic needs, emergency aid (EA) programs seek to prevent crises from derailing college students' educational trajectories. To do so, they provide small grants to help students overcome short‐term financial hardships and improve longer‐term academic success. However, EA programs often face trade‐offs between streamlining application processes and targeting limited resources to the highest‐need students. Drawing on the theoretical framing of administrative burden, we analyse the nuances of these trade‐offs by investigating the learning, psychological, and compliance costs that students can face when applying for EA. Using data from two EA programs drawn from 85 interviews, 893 applications, and 153 survey responses, we find that the programs were able to ease burdens, especially compliance costs. Further, the vast majority of EA went to high‐need students, although nearly 20% of recipients had family incomes above $100,000 K.
Frequent apheresis donation is not associated with adverse bone health in donors aged 45 years and over—Results from a cohort study in Australia
Authors: Karki Surendra , Rahman Md Morshadur , Hayen Andrew , Irving David O. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated whether frequent apheresis donors have altered risk of bone fractures, and prescription of osteoporosis medicine//s due to their repeated exposure to citrate anticoagulant.MethodsWe used the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study data linked with blood donation and other health‐related datasets. We used a “5‐year qualification period” method to identify active donors who donated at least one (any type) donation in the first and fifth year of the “qualification period.” We categorized donors into 0, 1–29, and 30+ donation groups based on the number of apheresis donations made during the qualification period. We then compared the risk of bone fractures, and initiation of osteoporosis medicine/s in the years following the “qualification period” between the groups, using Cox proportional‐hazards models including several potential confounders.ResultsA total of 7369 donors met the qualification criteria, of which 2033 (27.6%) made at least one apheresis donation. Of those donating by apheresis, 381 (18.7%) also made platelet as well as plasma donation, and rest donated plasma only. The median follow‐up time for overall bone fractures was 5.49 years/per‐donor (Q1–Q3, 5.27–5.95). In the fully adjusted models, compared to donors not making any apheresis donation, the hazard ratio for all‐cause bone fractures, osteoporotic bone fractures, and initiation of osteoporosis medicine/s in donors donating 30+ apheresis donations was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.58–1.60), 0.73 (95% CI: 0.29–1.82), and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.66–1.81), respectively.ConclusionsWe did not observe a statistically significant change in risk of bone fractures, and initiation of osteoporosis medicine/s in frequent apheresis donors predominantly consisting of plasmapheresis donors.
Joint action of common herbicides on the control of Alhagi pseudalhagi (Bieb.) Desv.: A comparison study
Authors: Chitband Ali Asghar , Sarabi Vahid , Aliverdi Akbar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlhagi pseudalhagi (Bieb.) Desv. is a highly invasive plant species that causes significant ecological and economic damage in many regions. Herbicides combination is a valuable tool in modern weed management, offering benefits such as broader weed control, reduced resistance development, minimised environmental impact and improved cost‐effectiveness. Six greenhouse studies investigated the joint action of glyphosate, 2,4‐D, paraquat and glufosinate‐ammonium on camelthorn control using the additive dose model (ADM) as a reference model. A randomised complete block design with four replications and seven doses of each mixture was used for the experiments. The values of ED50 (effective dose causing 50% response reduction) and ED90 were calculated from the three‐parameter log‐logistic models for each herbicide applied alone or in mixtures of fixed ratios. Two different statistical software used to test the data revealed similar results. A strong synergistic effect was observed in the mixture of paraquat with 2,4‐D on camelthorn with a high λ‐value equal to 1.64, while the mix of glufosinate ammonium with glyphosate or paraquat‐induced a moderate synergism with λ‐value of 1.29 and 1.16 respectively. Despite a slight synergistic tendency, 2,4‐D binary mixtures with glyphosate or glufosinate‐ammonium followed ADM (additive effects). In contrast, reduced translocation in the paraquat + glyphosate combination, means that the herbicides did not move effectively within the plant, resulting in a significant antagonistic effect with the lowest λ‐value equal to 0.02. The mixtures with additive effects are generally suggested to be combined by increasing the rate of one of the herbicide components or an adjuvant to result in sufficient combination absorption and translocation to affect camelthorn control.
Analysis of the Impact of Vault Structures on Hydrogen Behavior and Risks in Hydrogen Production Plants
Authors: Cao Jinglin , Zhang Shucheng , Lyu Xuefeng , Niu Fenglei , Zhu Tiancheng , Liu Ziyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The safety risks associated with hydrogen production plants are significant and warrant close attention. Investigating the effects of vault structures on the dispersion and risks of leaked hydrogen can inform assessments of how facility structures influence hydrogen behavior, providing a theoretical framework for the secure layout of hydrogen production plants. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ansys fluent was employed in this research to establish a model of a hydrogen production plant. Simulations were conducted to assess hydrogen dispersion and the distribution of flammable clouds under various vault heights. Results indicate that, upon reaching the vault, hydrogen forms a high-concentration accumulation layer along the ceiling wall, subsequently diffusing downward before ultimately rising and diluting. An increase in the vault height was shown to alter the hydrogen dispersion path, enhance atmospheric dilution, and effectively suppress the development of flammable clouds, thereby reducing the likelihood of an explosion. However, the optimal vault height should be selected based on a comprehensive consideration of the plant's specific operational requirements.
Developing a Pareto Front for Thermally Processed Loose Biomass
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This investigation focused on the optimization of pre-treatment conditions of pine waste. The genetic algorithm was applied to determine local Pareto sets of the objective functions of the ash content obtained after proximate analyses of torrefied samples of pine waste (needles), energy consumption during torrefaction, energy yield, fuel value index, severity factor, and energy-mass co-benefit index. The milled form of pine waste samples underwent torrefaction for 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min at temperatures of 210 °C, 220 °C, 230 °C, 240 °C, and 250 °C. The energy dispersive spectroscopy of pine waste after pretreatment was also considered to evaluate the impact of processing parameters on the elemental composition of organic/inorganic content presented in pine waste. The torrefaction condition to minimize the ash content and maximize the volumetric energy density would occur at 249.98 °C for a residence period of 5 min. The torrefaction of pine waste must be performed at 217.24 °C for 15 min to minimize the electricity consumption of an improvised unit. The energy yield obtained experimentally at 250 °C for 5 min showed a consensus with the corresponding solution obtained through the genetic programming. The Pareto front developed for the selected parameters provided a good consensus with the empirical results. The percentage of Ca and Fe contents dropped by 84% and 50% in thermally processed pine waste, respectively.
Applying a Cluster-Analysis Approach to Monitor Training Load in Male Volleyball During the Preseason Period
Authors: Kerpe Gilbertas , Zuoza Aurelijus Kazys , Conte Daniele 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) classify the external-load measures carried out during the preseason period by male volleyball players via cluster technique identifying the most important external-load measures and (2) assess the differences between clusters in internal-load variables. Methods: Twenty-two male Division 1 and 2 volleyball players (mean [SD] age 21.2 [3.0] y, stature 186.4 [6.0] cm, body mass 80.0[10.5 kg]) were recruited for this study. Players’ external (jump, player load, acceleration, deceleration, and change of direction) and internal (percentage of peak heart rate, summated heart-rate zones, and session rating of perceived exertion) loads were monitored during 5 weeks of the preseason period for both Division 1 and Division 2 teams. External-load measures were classified via a 2-step cluster analysis followed by predicting importance analysis, while differences in internal-load measures between clusters were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results: The 3 identified clusters classified the sessions in high (C1, 30.1%) moderate (C2, 31.8%), and low (C3, 38.1%) load. Predicting importance analysis found jump as the main cluster predictor (predicting value = 1), followed by player load (predicting value = 0.73). An effect of cluster was found on each internal-load measure (P < .001), with post hoc analyses showing lower values in C3 compared with C1 and C2 (P < .05, effect sizes ranges from small to moderate). Conclusions: Volleyball coaches can adopt a monitoring system including cluster analysis to classify the preseason training sessions’ load having a higher consideration for jump and player load as the main external-load measures.
Unveiling the Distinctions: Computer Versus Sport-Specific Neurocognitive Tests
Authors: Gondwe Benedict , Heuvelmans Pieter , Benjaminse Anne , Büchel Daniel , Baumeister Jochen , Gokeler Alli 
Published: January 2025

Context: Traditional assessments of high-order neurocognitive functions are conducted using pen and paper or computer-based tests; this neglects the complex motor actions athletes have to make in team ball sports. Previous research has not explored the combination of neurocognitive functions and motor demands through complex tasks for team ball sport athletes. The primary aim of the present study was to determine the construct validity of agility-based neurocognitive tests of working memory (WM) and inhibition. Methods: Twenty-seven athletes (5 females; mean age 24.2  [4.7] y; height 183.6 [9.1] cm; body mass 77.5 [11.2] kg) participated in the construct validity assessments that included computer-based tests (working memory capacity and stop-signal reaction time) and sport-specific assessments performed on the SpeedCourt system. Results: Construct validity analysis of sport-specific working memory yielded acceptable construct validity (r = .465, P < .05), whereas the sport-specific stop-signal task resulted in low construct validity (r = .179, P > .05). The poor construct validity results highlight the large variance between computer-based and sport-specific neurocognitive assessments. Conclusion: Sport-specific assessments are more complex and include more degrees of freedom potentially due to athletes’ center of mass displacement during task execution. These findings suggest that future research should focus more on the development of sport-specific assessments. These should include the cognitive and motor demands encountered during practice and competition, not use computer-based/pen and paper assessments for return to play decisions.
Glucocorticoid receptor suppresses GATA6-mediated RNA polymerase II pause release to modulate classical subtype identity in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ekstrom Thomas L , Rosok Raya M , Abdelrahman Amro M , Parassiadis Christina , Manjunath Meghana , Dittrich Marianna Y , Wang Xin , Kutschat Ana P , Kanakan Akshay , Rajput Ashish , Schacherer Nadine , Lukic Teodora , Carlson Danielle M , Thiel Julia , Kopp Waltraut , Stroebel Philipp , Ellenrieder Volker , Gaedcke Jochen , Dong Meng , Najafova Zeynab , Truty Mark J , Hessmann Elisabeth , Johnsen Steven A 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 12%. It has two major molecular subtypes: classical and basal, regulated by the master transcription factors (MTFs) GATA6 and ΔNp63, respectively.ObjectiveThis study sought to uncover the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms controlling PDAC subtype identity.DesignWe integrated primary tumour single-cell RNA-seq, patient-derived xenograft RNA-seq and multispectral imaging to identify MTF-dependent, subtype-specific markers. We created subtype-specific fluorescent reporter systems and conducted drug screenings to find actionable targets. We analysed chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq), genome-wide occupancy (ChIP-seq) for epigenetic status (H3K27ac), MTFs (GATA6, ΔNp63), RNA polymerase II (Pol II), H3K4me3-anchored chromatin topology (HiChIP) and nascent RNA capture sequencing (PRO-seq). Additionally, we used nuclease-dead Cas9 (dCas9) to manipulate transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.ResultsOur approach identified glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists as agents that suppress the classical transcriptional programme by interacting with GATA6. GATA6 regulates classical-specific transcription through promoter-proximal pause release. Depletion of GATA6 increased Pol II occupancy at GATA6-bound enhancers and transcriptional start sites, stabilising enhancer–promoter interactions. Artificially inducing pausing at GATA6-bound enhancers with dCas9 abrogated target gene expression and induced pausing at both the enhancer and target gene promoter. Conversely, in basal PDAC ΔNp63 promotes Pol II recruitment and stabilises enhancer–promoter interactions.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the transcriptional control and role of GR agonists in controlling PDAC molecular subtype identity.
Balloon-mounted versus self-expandable stent in failed neurothrombectomy: a post hoc analysis of the SAINT study
Authors: Mohammaden Mahmoud H , Martins Pedro N , Aboul-Nour Hassan , Al-Bayati Alhamza R , Hassan Ameer E , Tekle Wondwossen , Fifi Johanna T , Majidi Shahram , Kuybu Okkes , Gross Bradley A , Lang Michael , Cortez Gustavo M , Hanel Ricardo A , Aghaebrahim Amin , Sauvageau Eric , Tarek Mohamed A , Farooqui Mudassir , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Zevallos Cynthia B , Galecio-Castillo Milagros , Sheth Sunil A , Nahhas Michael , Salazar-Marioni Sergio , Nguyen Thanh N , Abdalkader Mohamad , Klein Piers , Hafeez Muhammad , Kan Peter , Tanweer Omar , Khaldi Ahmad , Li Hanzhou , Jumaa Mouhammad , Zaidi Syed F , Oliver Marion , Salem Mohamed M , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Pukenas Bryan , Vigilante Nicholas , Penckofer Mary , Siegler James E , Peng Sophia , Alaraj Ali , Grossberg Jonathan A , Nogueira Raul , Haussen Diogo C 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that when thrombectomy has failed, rescue intracranial stenting is associated with better clinical outcomes compared with failed reperfusion. However, comparative data regarding stent type are lacking.ObjectiveTo compare the procedural and clinical outcomes of balloon-mounted stents (BMS) with those of self-expandable stents (SES).MethodsRetrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database from the Stenting and Angioplasty in NeuroThrombectomy (SAINT) consortium. Patients were included if thrombectomy had failed and they then underwent rescue emergency stenting. Patients treated with SES or BMS were compared using inverse probability of treatment weighting. The primary outcome was the final reperfusion as measured by the modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) Scale. Safety measures included rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, procedural complications, and 90-day mortality.ResultsA total of 328 patients were included. Baseline clinical and procedural characteristics were well balanced among both groups. The BMS group (n=127) had higher rates of successful reperfusion (94.5% vs 86.6%, aOR=4.23, 95% CI 1.57 to 11.37, P=0.004) and increased likelihood of higher degree of final reperfusion on the mTICI Scale (acOR=2.06, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.57, P=0.01) than the SES group (n=201). No difference in modified Rankin Scale shift (acOR=0.98, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.79, P=0.95), rates of mRS0–2 (26% vs 36%, aOR=0.93, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.88, P=0.83) and mRS0–3 (43% vs 50%, aOR=0.92, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.66, P=0.77) at 90 days were noted. Safety measures were comparable in both groups.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates higher reperfusion rates with BMS than with SES in failed thrombectomy procedures that involved rescue stenting. No differences in hemorrhagic complications or clinical outcomes were noted. Further larger controlled studies are warranted.