bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short dentin etching with universal adhesives: effect on bond strength and gingival margin adaptation
Authors: Ismail Hoda Saleh , Soliman Hanan Ahmed Nabil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Short dentin etching, a relatively recent technique, aims to improve resin-dentin bonding by preserving hydroxyapatite crystals within the collagen spaces. This study explores short dentin etching’s potential in mitigating over-etching issues in deep proximal dentin/cementum margins, an aspect not previously investigated. This study evaluates the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and marginal adaptation of two universal adhesives using different etch-and-rinse strategies (15-second and 3-second etching) and self-etch strategies, both immediate and post-thermal cycling and mechanical loading.

Methods
Eighty-four molars underwent μTBS testing, categorized by the universal adhesive type (Tetric Uni and Prime&Bond Uni) (n = 42) and adhesive strategy (n = 14) with half tested after 24 h and the rest post aging. Forty-two molars received occluso-mesial preparations with proximal margins in dentin/cementum and were restored accordingly. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination of epoxy replicas for the restoration/gingival dentin interfaces was conducted after 24 h and aging. Dentin etching patterns were assessed using SEM. A three-way ANOVA evaluated μTBS data, while a two-way ANOVA and paired sample t-test analyzed marginal adaptation data (significance level is α = 0.05).

Results
Adhesive type, strategy, and aging significantly influenced μTBS. After aging, Tetric Uni subgroups displayed higher bond strength compared to Prime&Bond Uni subgroups. Marginal adaptation was unaffected by adhesive type or strategy, although aging reduced bond strength and adaptation for both adhesives.

Conclusions
The etch-and-rinse protocol yielded higher μTBS results for the HEMA-free isopropanol-based adhesive (Prime&Bond Uni). Marginal integrity was similar for both adhesives. The 3-second and 15-second etching times produced consistent results in all tests and for both adhesives.

Clinical significance
The adhesive protocol for bonding universal adhesives to dentin is contingent on the adhesive composition.
Rehabilitation success and related costs following stroke in a regional hospital: a retrospective analysis based on the Australian National Subacute and Non-Acute Patient (AN-SNAP) classification
Authors: He Fan , Mnatzaganian George , Njovu Michael , Rutherford David , Alexander Tara , Blackberry Irene 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Evidence is limited on the factors influencing successful stroke rehabilitation in regional contexts. Additionally, the relationship between rehabilitation costs following acute stroke, based on Australian National Subacute and Non-Acute Patient (AN-SNAP) casemix classification, and rehabilitation success remains unclear.

Objective
This retrospective cohort study investigated the factors contributing to improved functional outcomes following stroke rehabilitation in an Australian regional hospital, also evaluating the respective average daily and total payments.

Methods
Stroke patients’ admission records, during 2010–2020, were linked with rehabilitation registry data. Rehabilitation success was defined as relative functional gain (RFG) ≥ 0.5 and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) efficiency ≥ 1. Multivariate mixed effects logistical regressions modelled the sociodemographic and medical (i.e., comorbidities and stroke type) predictors of rehabilitation success, while logarithms of average daily and total rehabilitation payments were modelled using robust regressions.

Results
Of 582 included patients, 315 (54.1%) achieved RFG ≥ 0.5 and 258 (52.2%) achieved FIM efficiency ≥ 1. A longer delay in starting rehabilitation was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving RFG success [Odds Ratio (OR): 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–0.93, P < 0.001] and FIM efficiency success (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.97, P = 0.010). A higher FIM score at admission was associated with decreased odds of FIM efficiency success (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20–0.60, P < 0.001). The average daily and total rehabilitation payments for inpatients were $AU1,255 (median) [interquartile range (IQR): 1,040, 1,771] and $AU28,363 (median) (IQR: 18,822, 41,815), respectively. FIM efficiency success was positively associated with the average daily payment (Beta: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.20–0.30, P < 0.001), but negatively correlated with the total payment (Beta: -0.18, 95% CI: -0.24–0.13, P < 0.001). No significant associations were found between RFG success and these payments.

Conclusion
This study identifies key factors affecting stroke rehabilitation outcomes in a regional Australian setting. Delays in starting rehabilitation were linked to lower success rates, underscoring the importance of timely intervention. While higher average daily costs were associated with better FIM efficiency, total costs did not correlate with relative functional gains. These findings may inform rehabilitation practices and may influence future funding strategies for rehabilitation services.
Socioeconomic Inequity in Access to Medical and Long-Term Care Among Older People
Authors: Okamoto Shohei , Yamada Atsuhiro , Kobayashi Erika , Liang Jersey 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Ensuring equitable access to medical and long-term care (LTC) is critical to enable older people to maintain their health and well-being even after they undergo a decline in their intrinsic capacity.

Methods
We used data from five waves of the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, conducted between 2002 and 2021, to assess gradients in access to medical care and LTC by income and education among Japanese individuals aged 60 years and above. Specifically, we assessed self-reported unmet needs for medical care and LTC, and public LTC use, and estimated the concentration indices (CI) to evaluate the degree of inequality and inequity. We standardised public LTC use by need and non-need variables. We analysed data derived from up to 1,775 person-wave observations from 1,370 individuals.

Findings
The pooled incidence across waves of forgone medical care, self-reported unmet support for activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental ADL (IADL), and those not certified for LTC services even with ADL or IADL limitations were 4.6%, 15.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. Public LTC use demonstrated pro-higher education and pro-rich distribution, whereas the gaps decreased for need-predicted use. Based on the CI estimates, no explicit inequality was found for forgone medical care. However, we observed inequity in standardised LTC use across education, indicating pro-higher education inequality, particularly among women and those aged ≥ 80 years.

Conclusion
Improving the understanding of available resources and strengthening the functions of health centres and communities are required to detect the needs of citizens and facilitate their access to necessary care.
Satisfied with the worst health outcomes or unsatisfied with the best: explaining the divergence between good patient-reported outcomes and low satisfaction and vice versa among knee arthroplasty patients – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schöner Lukas , Steinbeck Viktoria , Busse Reinhard , Marques Carlos J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis but some patients exhibit a discrepancy between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and patient satisfaction (PS). This study aims to identify predictors for patients reporting unfavorable PROs but high PS and vice versa.

Materials and methods
This retrospective cohort study categorized patients from nine German hospitals into four groups based on (i) whether they achieved a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in knee functionality, measured with a joint-specific PRO from admission to 12-month post-surgery; and (ii) whether they were satisfied at 12 months post-surgery. The groups were (A) Satisfied Achievers (satisfied, MCID reached), (B) Dissatisfied Achievers (not satisfied, MCID reached), (C) Satisfied Non-Achievers (satisfied, MCID not reached) and (D) Dissatisfied Non-Achievers (not satisfied, MCID not reached). Exploratory analyses were performed to understand differences between the four groups using chi-squared tests and ANOVA. Multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to identify predictors for the allocation of patients in groups.

Results
A total of 1546 knee arthroplasty patients with a mean age of 65.9 years, 54.1% female, were included. 1146 (74.1%) patients were Satisfied Achievers, 131 (8.5%) were Dissatisfied Achievers, 141 (9.1%) were Satisfied Non-Achievers, and 128 (8.3%) Dissatisfied Non-Achievers. The results showed that higher improvements in health-related quality of life, pain and fatigue symptoms significantly decreased the likelihood of being a Dissatisfied Achiever and a Satisfied Non-Achiever. Comorbidities of blood circulation, chronic back pain or diabetes increased the likelihood of being a Dissatisfied Achiever, while depression decreased the likelihood of being a Satisfied Non-Achiever.

Conclusion
Addressing individual health concerns, e.g. through expectation management, and assessing alternative treatment options might improve satisfaction in line with functional improvements. A closer evaluation at which physical impairment level surgery is beneficial could help to improve the care of Satisfied Non-Achievers.
Menopause mysteries: the exosome-inflammation connection
Authors: Sultania Aarushi , Brahadeeswaran Subhashini , Kolasseri Aparna Eledath , Jayanthi Sivaraman , Tamizhselvi Ramasamy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, or exosomes, are produced by every type of cell and contain metabolites, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Their role in health and disease is to influence different aspects of cell biology and to act as intermediaries between cells. Follicular fluid exosomes or extracellular vesicles (FF-EVs) secreted by ovarian granulosa cells are critical mediators of ovary growth and maturation. The movement and proteins of these exosomes are crucial in the regulation of cellular communication and the aging of cells, a process termed inflammaging. Menopause, a natural progression in the aging of females, is often accompanied by numerous negative symptoms and health issues. It can also act as a precursor to more severe health problems, including neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases, as well as gynecological cancers. Researchers have discovered pathways that reveal the diverse effects of exosome-driven cellular communication and oocyte development in the follicular fluid. It also explores the complex functions of FF exosomal proteins in the pathologies associated with menopause.

Graphical Abstract
Quantitative valve motion assessment in adolescents using point-of-care ultrasound: short communication
Authors: Riera Antonio , Chen Lei , Wright Donald S. , Leviter Julie I. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
E-point septal separation (EPSS) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) are M-mode measures of left and right ventricular systolic function, with limited pediatric point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) research. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a pediatric emergency department, enrolling 12–17-year-olds without cardiopulmonary complaints. Exclusion criteria included abnormal vital signs, fever, altered mental status, or psychiatric illness. POCUS faculty performed the measurements, while blinded to pediatric echocardiography reference values. Data was analyzed using unpaired t-tests and Pearson’s correlation. Correlations with age, height, weight, body mass index, and heart rate were examined. Twenty subjects were enrolled. The mean EPSS was 2.5 mm (SD 1.9 mm), and the mean TAPSE was 2.6 cm (SD 0.4 cm), aligning with pediatric echocardiography reference values. No significant correlations were found between EPSS or TAPSE and anthropometric data.
Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles in cartilage regeneration: potential and limitations
Authors: Piñeiro-Ramil María , Gómez-Seoane Iván , Rodríguez-Cendal Ana Isabel , Fuentes-Boquete Isaac , Díaz-Prado Silvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Articular cartilage injuries can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, and may eventually progress to osteoarthritis (OA). Despite substantial research efforts, effective therapies capable of regenerating cartilage are still lacking. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known for their differentiation and immunomodulatory capabilities, yet challenges such as limited survival post-injection and inconsistent therapeutic outcomes hinder their clinical application. Recent evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of MSCs are largely mediated by their secreted small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which have been shown to promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation. MSC-derived sEVs have shown promise in mitigating cartilage degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis, positioning them as a promising alternative to MSC-based therapies for OA treatment. This review explores the potential and limitations of MSC-derived sEVs in cartilage regeneration.

Main text
This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with a comprehensive search of the Web of Science and Scopus databases for studies published between 2019 and 2024. A total of 223 records were identified, of which 132 articles were assessed for eligibility based on general selection criteria. After full-text screening, 60 articles were initially selected, comprising 58 in vitro studies and 40 in vivo studies. Following further exclusion based on specific criteria, 33 in vitro and 28 in vivo studies from a total of 47 scientific papers were included in the final qualitative synthesis. Most studies indicate that MSC-derived sEVs enhance chondrocyte proliferation, improve cartilage extracellular matrix composition, and reduce matrix-degrading enzymes and inflammation, thereby delaying OA progression.

Conclusion
A growing body of evidence supports the use of MSC-derived sEVs as a therapeutic tool for preventing OA progression, with most studies reporting beneficial effects on cartilage structure and function. However, challenges remain in optimizing and standardizing sEVs isolation, dosage, and delivery methods for clinical application. Further research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying sEVs-mediated cartilage regeneration and to facilitate their translation into effective OA therapies.
Deciphering mechanical cues in the microenvironment: from non-malignant settings to tumor progression
Authors: Zhu Yicheng , Chen Jiaoshun , Chen Chen , Tang Rong , Xu Jin , Shi Si , Yu Xianjun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment functions as a dynamic and intricate ecosystem, comprising a diverse array of cellular and non-cellular components that precisely orchestrate pivotal tumor behaviors, including invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. While unraveling the intricate interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor behaviors represents a tremendous challenge, recent research illuminates a crucial biological phenomenon known as cellular mechanotransduction. Within the microenvironment, mechanical cues like tensile stress, shear stress, and stiffness play a pivotal role by activating mechanosensitive effectors such as PIEZO proteins, integrins, and Yes-associated protein. This activation initiates cascades of intrinsic signaling pathways, effectively linking the physical properties of tissues to their physiological and pathophysiological processes like morphogenesis, regeneration, and immunity. This mechanistic insight offers a novel perspective on how the mechanical cues within the tumor microenvironment impact tumor behaviors. While the intricacies of the mechanical tumor microenvironment are yet to be fully elucidated, it exhibits distinct physical attributes from non-malignant tissues, including elevated solid stresses, interstitial hypertension, augmented matrix stiffness, and enhanced viscoelasticity. These traits exert notable influences on tumor progression and treatment responses, enriching our comprehension of the multifaceted nature of the microenvironment. Through this innovative review, we aim to provide a new lens to decipher the mechanical attributes within the tumor microenvironment from non-malignant contexts, broadening our knowledge on how these factors promote or inhibit tumor behaviors, and thus offering valuable insights to identify potential targets for anti-tumor strategies.
Prediction models for the complication incidence and survival rate of dental implants—a systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Zhu Yuanxi , Du Mi , Li Ping , Lu Hongye , Li An , Xu Shulan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This systematic review aims to assess the performance, methodological quality and reporting transparency in prediction models for the dental implant’s complications and survival rates.

Methods
A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Peer-reviewed studies that developed prediction models for dental implant’s complications and survival rate were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated the risk of bias and reporting quality using the PROBAST and TRIPOD guidelines. The performance of the models were also compared in this study. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019122274).

Results
The initial screening yielded 1769 publications, from which 14 studies featuring 43 models were selected. Four of the 14 studies predicted peri-implantitis as the most common outcome. Three studies predicted the marginal bone loss, two predicted suppuration of peri-implant tissue. The remaining five models predicted the implant loss, osseointergration or other complication. Common predictors included implant position, length, patient age, and a history of periodontitis. Sixteen models showed good to excellent discrimination (AUROC >0.8), but only three had undergone external validation. A significant number of models lacked model presentation. Most studies had a high or unclear risk of bias, primarily due to methodological limitation. The included studies conformed to 18–27 TRIPOD checklist items.

Conclusions
The current prediction models for dental implant complications and survival rate have limited methodological quality and external validity. There is a need for enhanced reliability, generalizability, and clinical applicability in future models.
A comprehensive in silico analysis of structural and functional impacts of natural nonsynonymous SNPs in the ALDH2_HUMAN gene
Authors: Mahmood Janlou Mehr Ali 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
nsSNPs result in amino acid substitutions in coding regions that contribute significantly to the structural diversity of proteins in human populations and can affect protein function by altering solubility or stability. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolism of acetaldehyde to acetate through a coenzyme-dependent mechanism. Acetaldehyde exhibits a toxic effect, highlighting the necessity of ALDH2’s proper functioning to protect against diseases associated with aldehyde toxicity. ALDH2 has three natural variants: E487K, E479K, and E320V. Consequently, it seems necessary to investigate the underlying molecular basis of the effect of each of these mutations on enzyme structure and function.

Results
Employing molecular docking and scoring functions of NAD+ at the prosthetic site of ALDH2 indicate that only E487K significantly reduces binding affinity and has a higher inhibition constant. Furthermore, performing microsecond-timescale molecular dynamics simulations revealed that only the E487K mutation elevated the conformational instability and induced less compactness of the ALDH2. To compare the results, four distinct SNP predictors were employed. The outcomes generated by these tools were noteworthy and corroborated the results obtained from the molecular docking and dynamics simulations, indicating that only the E487K variant was identified as a deleterious mutation.

Conclusions
This study revealed that among three natural variants of ALDH2, only the E487K significantly reduces the interaction between NAD+ and ALDH2 due to structural instability in the enzyme, disrupting critical interactions with Cys302 and Glu268 required for enzyme activity. The exploration of the dynamic behavior of the dominant negative mutant in this investigation will contribute essential knowledge toward the potential restoration of its function.
PARP inhibitors in the treatment of Pancreatic Cancer - A Review of literature
Authors: Niewiadomska Jagoda , Grela Wiktor , Furtak Daria , Tulej Dawid , Głogowska Paulina , Dziedzic Alicja , Gniaź Natalia , Marciniuk Dominika , Marko Natalia , Górska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers. It occurs in men more often than women. The primary therapy for these cancers is surgery; chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, or immunotherapy are also used. More and better treatments are being sought for this disease. The use of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of pancreatic cancer has shown good results, so in this article we have done a review of the results of various studies on this topic. In this review, the results of studies on the use of various PARP inhibitors in pancreatic cancer of different hormonal status are presented.
Purpose
This article aims to give you an overview of the trials that have looked at the effects of different PARP inhibitors in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. PARP inhibitors are a relatively new cancer therapy with good results, so it is important to pay attention.

State of Knowledge
In this article, I used the PubMed database and considered papers from the last 10 years, but most of the information in this review comes from papers published after 2020. I have also taken into account the recommendations of the FDA and the European Medicines Agency on the use of PARP inhibitors.
Conclusions
PARP inhibitors have shown significant effects on pancreatic cancer outcomes. The differences in outcomes depending on the type of cancer, the PARP inhibitor used, and the previous therapies used in a given patient tell us how important it is to individualize therapy in oncology. The findings of the studies presented in this review also point to the need for further research that could focus on identifying patients who may best benefit from treatment with PARP inhibitors, as well as studying synergistic effects in combination with other forms of therapy, such as immunotherapy or chemotherapy. The changes in treatment outcomes that these drugs can bring underscore the importance of exploring new therapeutic strategies in oncology.