bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collision tumours: a meningioma and not oedema, but an oligodendroglioma
Authors: Lobo Gonçalo Gama , Alves José Luís , Novo Ana Margarida Flores , Pereira Daniela Jardim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Intracranial collision tumours represent a very rare entity. We hereby report a case involving the coexistence of a meningioma and an underlying oligodendroglioma in the adjacent brain, which could be misdiagnosed as oedema if not carefully examined for atypical changes. This study aimed to shed light on the diagnostic challenges associated with intracranial collision tumours, specifically the coexistence of meningioma and oligodendroglioma.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with seizures and vertigo. Brain CT revealed an expansile extra-axial left frontal lesion with calcifications and homogeneous enhancement after contrast administration, interpreted as a meningioma, with underlying vasogenic oedema. Two months later, MRI revealed a heterogeneous area in the underlying compressed brain with high intensity at T2/FLAIR sequences, initially misconceived as oedema. However, atypical features such as cortex involvement, lower ADC values (compared to vasogenic oedema), an inversion of the choline/NAA ratio, and high rCBV values led to the hypothesis of an underlying oligodendroglioma, later confirmed by histology.

Conclusions
The coexistence of histologically different tumours in the same anatomical location is extremely rare and makes the diagnosis more challenging, requiring cautious evaluation and a high suspicion from the radiologist. The look for atypical findings, described in detail in this study, and the use of additional sequences, such as spectroscopy and perfusion, might be the key to the correct diagnosis.
Seaweeds as a potential resource in diabetes management: a review
Authors: Vidyashree J. S. , Shetti Priya P. , Ghagane Shridhar C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Seaweeds are the marine macroalgae predominantly found in the coastal regions. These species have unique chemical profiles which makes them stand different from terrestrial plants. They are found to be rich in secondary metabolites which have potential in treating various unhealthy conditions. Diabetes is a chronic condition where an individual suffers from high or low sugar levels in the blood.

Main text
This review article aims to review such seaweed species that are potent in treating and managing diabetes. It has become one of the rapidly growing diseases in the world with a high occurrence rate. This paper details the mechanism of glucose regulation in the human body. Seventy percent of the total earth’s surface is accomplished by marine ecosystem. It offers home for about 25,000 species. Among them, many possess health benefits hence these are utilized directly as food or in the form of medicine.

Conclusion
In this article, various such seaweed species which have antidiabetic property has been discussed. Including edible seaweeds in daily diet have numerous healing properties. Inhibition of alpha amylase and alpha glycosidase enzyme has been associated with lowering the postprandial glucose level. This review article attempts in exploring how seaweeds and managing diabetes are interrelated.
Social Stigma and COVID-19 Vaccine Refusal in France
Authors: Peretti-Watel Patrick , Fressard Lisa , Giry Benoît , Verger Pierre , Ward Jeremy Keith 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context: In 2021, French health authorities strongly promoted vaccination against COVID-19. The authors assumed that refusing this vaccine became a stigma, and they investigated potential public stigma toward unvaccinated people among the French population.
Methods: A representative sample of the French adult population (N = 2,015) completed an online questionnaire in September 2021. The authors focused on participants who were already vaccinated against COVID-19 or intended to get vaccinated (N = 1,742). A cluster analysis was used to obtain contrasted attitudinal profiles, and the authors investigated associated factors with logistic regressions.
Findings: Regarding attitudes toward unvaccinated people, a majority of respondents supported several pejorative statements, and a significant minority also endorsed social rejection attitudes. The authors found four contrasting attitudinal profiles: moral condemnation only (32% of respondents), full stigma (26%), no stigma (26%), and stigma rejection (16%). Early vaccination, civic motives for it, faith in science, rejection of political extremes, and being aged 65 or older were the main factors associated with stigmatizing attitudes toward unvaccinated people.
Conclusions: The authors found some evidence of stigmatization toward unvaccinated people, but further research is needed, especially to investigate perceived stigmatization among them. The authors discuss their results with reference to the concept of “folk devils” and from a public health perspective.
Hierarchical processing of feature, egocentric and relational information for spatial orientation in domestic chicks
Authors: Morandi-Raikova Anastasia , Rosa-Salva Orsola , Simdianova Aleksandra , Vallortigara Giorgio , Mayer Uwe 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Animals can use different types of information for navigation. Domestic chicks (Gallus gallus) prefer to use local features as a beacon over spatial relational information. However, the role of egocentric navigation strategies is less understood. Here, we tested domestic chicks' egocentric and allocentric orientation abilities in a large circular arena. In experiment 1, we investigated whether domestic chicks possess a side bias during viewpoint-dependent egocentric orientation, revealing facilitation for targets on the chicks' left side. Experiment 2 showed that local features are preferred over viewpoint-dependent egocentric information when the two conflict. Lastly, in experiment 3, we found that in a situation where there is a choice between egocentric and allocentric spatial relational information provided by free-standing objects, chicks preferentially rely on egocentric information. We conclude that chicks orient according to a hierarchy of cues, in which the use of the visual appearance of an object is the dominant strategy, followed by viewpoint-dependent egocentric information and finally by spatial relational information.
Turbidity drives plasticity in the eyes and brains of an African cichlid
Authors: Tiarks J. H. , Gray Suzanne M. , Chapman Lauren J. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Natural variation in environmental turbidity correlates with variation in the visual sensory system of many fishes, suggesting that turbidity may act as a strong selective agent on visual systems. Since many aquatic systems experience increased turbidity due to anthropogenic perturbations, it is important to understand the degree to which fish can respond to rapid shifts in their visual environment, and whether such responses can occur within the lifetime of an individual. We examined whether developmental exposure to turbidity (clear, &lt;5 NTU; turbid, ∼9 NTU) influenced the size of morphological structures associated with vision in the African blue-lip cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor. Parental fish were collected from two sites (clear swamp, turbid river) in western Uganda. F1 broods from each population were split and reared under clear and turbid rearing treatments until maturity. We measured morphological traits associated with the visual sensory system (eye diameter, pupil diameter, axial length, brain mass, optic tectum volume) over the course of development. Age was significant in explaining variation in visual traits even when standardized for body size, suggesting an ontogenetic shift in the relative size of eyes and brains. When age groups were analyzed separately, young fish reared in turbid water grew larger eyes than fish reared in clear conditions. Population was important in the older age category, with swamp-origin fish having relatively larger eyes and optic lobes relative to river-origin fish. Plastic responses during development may be important for coping with a more variable visual environment associated with anthropogenically induced turbidity.
Diagnostic possibilities in peritonsillar abscess and the significance of transcutaneous ultrasound - Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Krasuska Martyna , Nowak Karolina , Olejarz Zuzanna , Drygała Zuzanna , Wyrwał Julia , Zielińska Zuzanna , Słowik Magdalena , Nowak Karolina , Nieć Maria , Gierlach Katarzyna 
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose:
A peritonsillar abscess is one of the most common complications of tonsillitis, especially among adolescents and young adults. Its diagnosis can pose a challenge, and overlooking it may pose a life-threatening risk. Various diagnostic methods have their advantages and disadvantages.
The aim of this publication is to compare and identify the best diagnostic approach currently described in the literature, contributing to improved clinical decision-making and patient outcomes with particular attention to the significance of transcutaneous ultrasound as a diagnostic method.
A brief description of state of knowledge:Beyond clinical symptoms imaging options include transcutaneous and oral ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasound has been gaining importance in the diagnosis of PTA for an extended period due to its easy accessibility, cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness and a relatively high anticipated specificity and sensitivity.Simultaneously, the use of CT as a tool in primary diagnosis is being called into question and new proposals for the use of MRI are emerging.
Summary:
Currently, the use of both intraoral and transcutaneous ultrasound represents the optimal first-line solution in diagnosing peritonsillar abscess. In cases of uncertainty, a more specific diagnostic tool would be MRI, although for various reasons, CT is more commonly chosen.
Optimized braces for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A study protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Coulombe Maxence , Guy Aymeric , Barchi Soraya , Labelle Hubert , Aubin Carl-Éric 
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a 3D deformity of the spine that affects 3% of the adolescent population. Conservative treatments like bracing aim to halt the progression of the curve to the surgical threshold. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) methods for brace design and manufacturing are becoming increasingly used. Linked to CAD/CAM and 3D radiographic reconstruction techniques, we developed a finite element model (FEM) enabling to simulate the brace effectiveness before its fabrication, as well as a semi-automatic design processes. The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to compare and validate such FEM semi-automatic algorithm used to design nighttime Providence-type braces.

Methods and analysis
Fifty-eight patients with AIS aged between 10 to 16-years and skeletally immature will be recruited. At the delivery stage, all patients will receive both a Providence-type brace optimized by the semi-automatic algorithm leveraging a patient-specific FEM (Test) and a conventional Providence-type brace (Control), both designed using CAD/CAM methods. Biplanar radiographs will be taken for each patient with both braces in a randomized crossover approach to evaluate immediate correction. Patients will then be randomized to keep either the Test or Control brace as prescribed with a renewal if necessary, and will be followed over two years. The primary outcome will be the change in Cobb angle of the main curve after two years. Secondary outcomes will be brace failure rate, quality of life (QoL) and immediate in-brace correction. This is a single-centre study, double-blinded (participant and outcome assessor) randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Trial registration number
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05001568.
Synthetic data in cancer and cerebrovascular disease research: A novel approach to big data
Authors: Lun Ronda , Siegal Deborah , Ramsay Tim , Stotts Grant , Dowlatshahi Dar 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
Synthetic datasets are artificially manufactured based on real health systems data but do not contain real patient information. We sought to validate the use of synthetic data in stroke and cancer research by conducting a comparison study of cancer patients with ischemic stroke to non-cancer patients with ischemic stroke.

Design
retrospective cohort study.

Setting
We used synthetic data generated by MDClone and compared it to its original source data (i.e. real patient data from the Ottawa Hospital Data Warehouse).

Outcome measures
We compared key differences in demographics, treatment characteristics, length of stay, and costs between cancer patients with ischemic stroke and non-cancer patients with ischemic stroke. We used a binary, multivariable logistic regression model to identify risk factors for recurrent stroke in the cancer population.

Results
Using synthetic data, we found cancer patients with ischemic stroke had a lower prevalence of hypertension (52.0% in the cancer cohort vs 57.7% in the non-cancer cohort, p<0.0001), and a higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD: 8.5% vs 4.7%, p<0.0001), prior ischemic stroke (1.7% vs 0.1%, p<0.001), and prior venous thromboembolism (VTE: 8.2% vs 1.5%, p<0.0001). They also had a longer length of stay (8 days [IQR 3–16] vs 6 days [IQR 3–13], p = 0.011), and higher costs associated with their stroke encounters: $11,498 (IQR $4,440 –$20,668) in the cancer cohort vs $8,084 (IQR $3,947 –$16,706) in the non-cancer cohort (p = 0.0061). A multivariable logistic regression model identified 5 predictors for recurrent ischemic stroke in the cancer cohort using synthetic data; 3 of the same predictors identified using real patient data with similar effect measures. Summary statistics between synthetic and original datasets did not significantly differ, other than slight differences in the distributions of frequencies for numeric data.

Conclusion
We demonstrated the utility of synthetic data in stroke and cancer research and provided key differences between cancer and non-cancer patients with ischemic stroke. Synthetic data is a powerful tool that can allow researchers to easily explore hypothesis generation, enable data sharing without privacy breaches, and ensure broad access to big data in a rapid, safe, and reliable fashion.
How does COVID-19 vaccination affect long-COVID symptoms?
Authors: Asadi-Pooya Ali A. , Nemati Meshkat , Shahisavandi Mina , Nemati Hamid , Karimi Afrooz , Jafari Anahita , Nasiri Sara , Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed , Rahimian Zahra , Bayat Hossein , Akbari Ali , Emami Amir , Eilami Owrang 
Published: February 2024

Objective
The current study aimed to identify the association between COVID-19 vaccination and prolonged post-COVID symptoms (long-COVID) in adults who reported suffering from this condition.

Methods
This was a retrospective follow-up study of adults with long-COVID syndrome. The data were collected during a phone call to the participants in January-February 2022. We inquired about their current health status and also their vaccination status if they agreed to participate.

Results
In total, 1236 people were studied; 543 individuals reported suffering from long long- COVID (43.9%). Chi square test showed that 15 out of 51 people (29.4%) with no vaccination and 528 out of 1185 participants (44.6%) who received at least one dose of any vaccine had long long- COVID symptoms (p = 0.032).

Conclusions
In people who have already contracted COVID-19 and now suffer from long-COVID, receiving a COVID vaccination has a significant association with prolonged symptoms of long-COVID for more than one year after the initial infection. However, vaccines reduce the risk of severe COVID-19 (including reinfections) and its catastrophic consequences (e.g., death). Therefore, it is strongly recommended that all people, even those with a history of COVID-19, receive vaccines to protect themselves against this fatal viral infection.
Inverse association between total bilirubin and type 2 diabetes in U.S. South Asian males but not females
Authors: Visaria Aayush , Kanaya Alka , Setoguchi Soko , Gadgil Meghana , Satagopan Jaya 
Published: February 2024

Aims
United States South Asians constitute a fast-growing ethnic group with high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) despite lower mean BMI and other traditional risk factors compared to other races/ethnicities. Bilirubin has gained attention as a potential antioxidant, cardio-protective marker. Hence we sought to determine whether total bilirubin was associated with prevalent and incident T2D in U.S. South Asians.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional and prospective analysis of the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study. Total bilirubin was categorized into gender-specific quartiles (Men: <0.6, 0.6, 0.7–0.8, >0.8; Women: <0.5, 0.5, 0.6, >0.6 mg/dl). We estimated odds of type 2 diabetes as well as other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Among a total 1,149 participants (48% female, mean [SD] age of 57 [9] years), 38% had metabolic syndrome and 24% had T2D. Men and women in the lowest bilirubin quartile had 0.55% and 0.17% higher HbA1c than the highest quartile. Men, but not women, in the lowest bilirubin quartile had higher odds of T2D compared to the highest quartile (aOR [95% CI]; Men: 3.00 [1.72,5.23], Women: 1.15 [0.57,2.31]). There was no association between bilirubin and other CV risk factors.

Conclusion
Total bilirubin was inversely associated with T2D in SA men but not women. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporality of association.
Can the integration of sports and health industries drive the upgrade of the sports industry?—An empirical study based on Chinese-style modernization
Authors: Liu Jun , Lin Xun , Dong Fengwei 
Published: February 2024

Background
In the course of China’s modernization, the sports industry’s advancement plays a dual role in enhancing national health and driving economic transformation. The integration and coalescence of the sports and health sectors have emerged as pivotal avenues for the structural elevation of China’s sports industry. Hence, empirically scrutinizing the influential mechanisms and outcomes of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry’s structural enhancement holds substantial practical significance.

Method
This study formulates theoretical hypotheses regarding the impact mechanism of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry’s sophisticated industrial structure. Drawing insights from literature review and categorization, three dimensions—industrial integration, government role, and market mechanism—are delineated. Employing panel data spanning 2015 to 2020 from four primary Chinese cities, an econometric model is devised to empirically dissect the influence of sports and health industry integration on the sports industry’s structural advancement.

Findings
The three pivotal explanatory variables—integration of sports and health industries, government role, and market mechanism—exert a positive influence on the sports industry’s sophisticated industrial structure. Notably, the impact of market mechanisms outweighs that of government roles, with government roles exhibiting comparatively weaker individual impact effects.

Conclusion
The dynamic development process characterizing the structural advancement of China’s sports industry in first-tier cities exhibits positive and sustained developmental traits, with discernible convergence in trends. While market mechanisms demonstrate a more immediate and pronounced direct promotional effect than government roles, the enduring influence of government roles over an extended timeframe is evident from a dynamic long-term development perspective. Building upon these findings, the study suggests relevant stakeholders foster advanced sports industry structures by: refining the integration system of sports and health industries; fortifying the fundamental role of market mechanisms; and fully leveraging the government’s impact in promoting sports and health industry integration.
Weighted Lorentz estimates for subquadratic quasilinear elliptic equations with measure data
Authors: Yao Fengping 
Published: February 2024

In this work we mainly prove the following interior gradient estimates in weighted Lorentz spaces

g

−
1

[

M

1

(
μ
)

]

∈

L

w
,
l
o
c

q
,
r

(
Ω
)
⟹

|

D
u

|

∈

L

w
,
l
o
c

q
,
r

(
Ω
)
,
where
g
(
t
)
=
t
a
(
t
)
for
t
≥
0
and

M

1

(
μ
)
(
x
)
is the first-order fractional maximal function

M

1

(
μ
)
(
x
)
:=

sup

r
>
0

r

|

μ

|

(

B
r

(
x
)
)

|

B
r

(
x
)

|

,
for a class of non-homogeneous divergence quasilinear elliptic equations with measure data in the subquadratic case

−
div
⁡

[

a

(

(

A
D
u
⋅
D
u

)

1
2

)

A
D
u

]

=
μ

in

Ω
,
whose model cases are the classical elliptic
p
-Laplacian equation with measure data

−
div
⁡

(

|

D
u

|

p
−
2

D
u

)

=
μ

for

1
<
p
<
2

and the elliptic
p
-Laplacian equation with the logarithmic term and measure data

−
div
⁡

(

|

D
u

|

p
−
2

D
u

)

=
μ

for

1
<
p
<
2

It deserves to be specially noted that the subquadratic case is a little different from the superquadratic case since as an example, the modulus of ellipticity in the above-mentioned special cases tends to infinity when

|

D
u

|

→
0

for
1
<
p
<
2
.
Isolated AL Amyloidosis of the Colon: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Garcia Alexander , Qureshi Mahir , Dhawan Ishita , Rafferty William , Budak-Alpdogan Tulin , Giordano Samuel 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Amyloidosis is a group of rare deposition diseases marked by the accumulation of abnormal fibrillar proteins in the extracellular space of various tissues. In both AL and AA amyloidosis, the most common variants, isolated involvement to any one organ is uncommon and involvement to the colon alone is especially rare. We present the case of a patient who was initially found to have AL amyloidosis on prior screening colonoscopy that was reconfirmed several years with repeat evaluation for chronic constipation. This disease process is often insidious and can be overlooked by providers given the lack of overwhelming symptoms.
Role of increased IGFBP2 in trophoblast cell proliferation and recurrent spontaneous abortion development: A pilot study
Authors: Ji Li , Jiao Ziying , Zhang Lin , Shi Jia , Wan Qianqian , Qian Chunzhi , Wang Han , Cao Xiaoyan , Shen Bing , Jiang Lijuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a serious condition that adversely affects women's health. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma of patients experiencing RSA is helpful to find new therapeutic targets and identified with mass spectrometry. In 57 DEPs, 21 were upregulated and 36 were downregulated in RSA. Gene ontology analyses indicated that identified DEPs were associated with cell proliferation, including significantly downregulated insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Immunohistochemical result using clinical decidual tissues also showed that IGFBP2 expression was significantly decreased in RSA trophoblasts. Cell proliferation assay indicated that IGFBP2 treatment increased the proliferation and mRNA expressions of PCNA and Ki67 in trophoblast cells. Transcriptome sequencing experiments and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that gene expression for components in PI3K‐Akt pathway in trophoblasts was significantly upregulated following IGFBP2 treatment. To confirm bioinformatics findings, we did cell‐based experiments and found that treatment of inhibitors for insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1 receptor‐PI3K‐Akt pathway significantly reduced IGFBP2‐induced trophoblast cell proliferation and mRNA expressions of PCNA and Ki67. Our findings suggest that IGFBP2 may increase trophoblast proliferation through the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway to affect pregnancy outcomes and that IGFBP2 may be a new target for future research and treatment of RSA.