bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The objective assessment of sleep in cluster headache: State of the art and future directions
Authors: Gorgoni Maurizio , Giuliani Giada , Fratino Mariangela , Di Piero Vittorio 
Published: November 2023

SummarySeveral lines of evidence suggest that cluster headache is related to chronobiology and sleep. Nevertheless, the nature of such a relationship is unclear. In this view, the objective evaluation of sleep in cluster headache has strong theoretical and clinical relevance. Here, we provide an in‐depth narrative review of the literature on objective sleep assessment in cluster headache. We found that only a small number of studies (N = 12) focused on this topic. The key research aims were directed to assess: (a) the relationship between cluster headache and sleep breathing disorders; (b) the temporal relationship between sleep stages/events and cluster headache attacks; (c) sleep macrostructure in patients with cluster headache. No studies considered sleep microstructure. The reviewed studies are heterogeneous, conducted by a few research groups, and often characterised by relevant methodological flaws. Results are substantially inconclusive considering the main hypothesis. We outline several methodological points that should be considered for future research, and suggest that evaluating sleep microstructure, local sleep electrophysiology and actigraphic measures may strongly increase knowledge on the relationship between sleep and cluster headache.
Rare plant species occurrence patterns are associated not with soil properties, but with frequent fire in a southeast Australian dry sclerophyll forest
Authors: Sritharan Meena S. , Bowd Elle J. , Scheele Ben C. , Blanchard Wade , Foster Claire N. , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractQuestionSoil properties can play a crucial role in influencing the abundance and distribution of plant species. Fire regimes can also have substantial impacts on plant community composition. However, few studies have examined the effects of both fire regimes and soil properties on the occurrence of rare plant species. Here, we asked if rare species have specific soil and fire regime associations relative to common species, and if soil properties may explain potential fire effects.LocationBooderee National Park, southeastern Australia.MethodsWe collected soil cores and completed vegetation surveys on 42 sites in Sydney Coastal Dry Sclerophyll Forest vegetation. We tested for associations between the number of rare species and common species present in relation to three soil chemical properties (available phosphorus, ammonium and organic carbon), fire frequency, and time since fire.ResultsWe found that rare and common species were not associated with any of the examined soil properties. However, rare species were associated with sites with a high fire frequency, while common species were negatively associated with time since fire.ConclusionsOur results indicate that rare species’ occurrence patterns may be influenced by the direct effects of fire or mediated by multiple factors, rather than shaped solely by soil properties in our study area. Future work to understand the factors that underpin rare species’ occurrence patterns in response to fire is critical to develop fire management protocols that effectively conserve rare species in dry sclerophyll forests.
Income distribution and nudity on social media: Attention economics of Instagram stars
Authors: Gaenssle Sophia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSocial media stars gain star‐status with uploads on social media pages like YouTube, TikTok, or Instagram. One of the most popular platforms is “Instagram” owned by Meta/Facebook. The growing social, cultural, and economic power of so‐called influencers raises questions about key drivers of success and, moreover, distribution of income on social media platforms. Instagram has been accused of strategically favoring images with nude content. In order to shed light on this socio‐critical aspect, this paper examines the following research questions: Does body exposure drive income success on Instagram? Is there a difference between male and female content in this regard? This paper empirically analyzes 500 top Instagram stars within the categories (1) fashion and beauty, (2) fitness and sports, (3) music, (4) photo and arts, and (5) food and vegan. The data provide information on popularity, posting behavior, and price estimates per post. Using hybrid regression models, the results show indeed positive impact of body exposure on monetary success. Accounts with high level of body exposure achieve higher prices and advertising revenues than accounts with less nudity, regardless of the gender. Regarding gender differences, male content achieves on average higher advertising prices, whereas female accounts provide more branded content and eventually achieve higher advertising revenues.
Contact lens wear and follow‐up and its association with signs and symptoms of meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: Ifrah Reut , Quevedo Lluisa , Hazrati Gal , Maman Shiran , Mangisto Huluager , Shmuel Eden , Gantz Liat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigated the equivocal association between contact lens (CL) wear and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) by comparing the morphological, functional and subjective outcomes of CL wearers versus control, non‐CL wearers. CL wearers were examined as two cohorts based on the annual attendance of follow‐up visits (FLU—attended these visits, whereas non‐FLU did not).MethodsHabitual logMAR visual acuity, invasive and non‐invasive tear break‐up time, Schirmer test, Efron grading scales, meibum quality score (MQS), meibum expressibility score (MES), meibomian gland (MG) loss, lid margin abnormalities and subjective dry eye (DE) symptoms were assessed.ResultsOf the 128 participants, 31 were in the FLU cohort, 43 were in the non‐FLU cohort and 54 were controls (mean ages: 22.2 ± 3.1, 23.0 ± 4.6 and 22.3 ± 3.5, respectively). Non‐FLU CL wearers had more symptoms than controls (3.7 ± 2.4 vs. 2.3 ± 2.1, p < 0.01). Morphologically, FLU (16.9 ± 8.8%, p = 0.02) and non‐FLU (18.6 ± 11.3%, p = 0.001) had more MG loss than controls (11.2 ± 6.8%). Functionally, FLU (0.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.01) and non‐FLU (0.8 ± 0.9, p = 0.001) had worse MES than controls (0.2 ± 0.5). FLU and non‐FLU were both associated with corneal staining (odds ratio [OR] = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.16–10.11, p = 0.03 and OR = 5.23, 95% CI: 1.89–14.48, p = 0.001, respectively) and MG loss (OR = 10.47, 95% CI: 1.14–96.29, p = 0.04 and OR = 16.63, 95% CI: 1.96–140.86, p = 0.01, respectively). Non‐FLU CL wear was also associated with abnormal MQS (OR = 12.87, 95% CI: 1.12–148.41, p = 0.04), conjunctival staining (OR = 12.18, 95% CI: 3.66–40.51, p < 0.001) and lid margin telangiectasia (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 1.55–9.21, p = 0.003). MGD was three times more prevalent in CL wearers (12%) than in controls (4%).ConclusionsBoth CL‐wearing cohorts demonstrated significantly more MG abnormalities than controls though the difference was not clinically significant. Non‐FLU CL wearers had more DE symptoms. Non‐FLU CL wear is an independent predictor for more abnormalities than FLU CL wear, emphasising the importance of follow‐ups.
Unravelling inversions: Technological advances, challenges, and potential impact on crop breeding
Authors: Hu Haifei , Scheben Armin , Wang Jian , Li Fangping , Li Chengdao , Edwards David , Zhao Junliang 
Published: November 2023

SummaryInversions, a type of chromosomal structural variation, significantly influence plant adaptation and gene functions by impacting gene expression and recombination rates. However, compared with other structural variations, their roles in functional biology and crop improvement remain largely unexplored. In this review, we highlight technological and methodological advancements that have allowed a comprehensive understanding of inversion variants through the pangenome framework and machine learning algorithms. Genome editing is an efficient method for inducing or reversing inversion mutations in plants, providing an effective mechanism to modify local recombination rates. Given the potential of inversions in crop breeding, we anticipate increasing attention on inversions from the scientific community in future research and breeding applications.
The COP27 decision and future directions for loss and damage finance: Addressing vulnerability and non‐economic loss and damage
Authors: McDonnell Siobhan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article discusses critical gaps in finance for loss and damage and analyses the decision on funding arrangements for loss and damage made at the Sharm el‐Sheikh climate conference (COP27) in 2022. The article first considers the history of various loss and damage finance proposals, including the loss and damage negotiations in the lead‐up to COP27. The article then considers in detail the agreed COP27 decision on loss and damage finance. The article concludes with a discussion of future directions in loss and damage finance. In particular, it discusses the importance of future loss and damage finance arrangements for addressing non‐economic loss and damage and also offers analysis of the criteria associated with ‘particularly vulnerable’ developing countries.
Global contagion risk and IMF credit cycles: Emergency exits and revolving doors
Authors: Kaplan Stephen B. , Shim Sujeong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhy does the International Monetary Fund (IMF) exit its lending relationships before member states have resolved their financial crises? It is particularly surprising given that the IMF often resumes its lending shortly after its withdrawal. We argue that IMF withdrawals are conditioned by global contagion risk. The tension between the IMF's mandate of global financial stability and its limited financial resources compels the IMF's early exit from its lending relationships. During periods of high global contagion, the IMF prioritizes its mandate by continuing its lending despite noncompliance. However, when the IMF perceives minimal contagion risk, it focuses on moral hazard, and willingly cuts its lending ties to preserve its reputation and resources for future crises. Employing a comparative analysis of IMF decision‐making in two of its largest borrowers, Argentina and Greece, we find supportive evidence for our claims.
Individuals with chronic ankle instability show altered regional activation of the peroneus longus muscle during ankle eversion
Authors: Mendez‐Rebolledo Guillermo , Guzmán‐Venegas Rodrigo , Cruz‐Montecinos Carlos , Watanabe Kohei , Calatayud Joaquín , Martinez‐Valdes Eduardo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndividuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) present muscular weakness and potential changes in the activation of the peroneus longus muscle, which likely explains the high recurrence of ankle sprains in this population. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of the peroneus longus activity in CAI, possibly due to the limited spatial resolution of the surface electromyography (sEMG) methods (i.e., bipolar sEMG). Recent studies employing high‐density sEMG (HD‐sEMG) have shown that the peroneus longus presents differences in regional activation, however, it is unknown whether this regional activation is maintained under pathological conditions such as CAI. This study aimed to compare the myoelectric activity, using HD‐sEMG, of each peroneus longus compartment (anterior and posterior) between individuals with and without CAI. Eighteen healthy individuals (No‐CAI group) and 18 individuals with CAI were recruited. In both groups, the center of mass (COM) and the sEMG amplitude at each compartment were recorded during ankle eversion at different force levels. For the posterior compartment, the sEMG amplitude of CAI group was significantly lower than the No‐CAI group (mean difference = 5.6% RMS; 95% CI = 3.4–7.6; p = 0.0001). In addition, it was observed a significant main effect for group (F1,32 = 9.608; p = 0.0040) with an anterior displacement of COM for the CAI group. These findings suggest that CAI alters the regional distribution of muscle activity of the peroneus longus during ankle eversion. In practice, altered regional activation may impact strengthening programs, prevention, and rehabilitation of CAI.
Investigational non‐antibiotic therapeutics for infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies receiving cellular therapies
Authors: Garner Will , Hamza Amjad , Haidar Ghady 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn the age of progressive antimicrobial resistance and increased difficulty combating infections in immunocompromised hosts, there has been renewed interest in the use of nontraditional therapeutics for infections. Herein, we review the use of investigational non‐pharmaceutical anti‐infective agents targeting fungal, bacterial, and viral infections in patients with hematologic malignancies, focusing on those receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation or cellular therapies. We discuss immune checkpoint inhibitors, granulocyte transfusions, bone marrow colony‐stimulating factors, bacteriophages, fecal microbiota transplantation, and virus specific T‐cell therapy. Although there is promising early experience with many of these treatments, further studies will be required to define their optimal role in the therapeutic armamentarium against infections in immunocompromised hosts.
Predictors of intraoperative massive transfusion in orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: Alhamar Mohamed , Uzuni Ajna , Mehrotra Harshita , Elbashir Jaber , Galusca Dragos , Nagai Shunji , Yoshida Atsushi , Abouljoud Marwan S. , Otrock Zaher K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough transfusion management has improved during the last decade, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been associated with considerable blood transfusion requirements which poses some challenges in securing blood bank inventories. Defining the predictors of massive blood transfusion before surgery will allow the blood bank to better manage patients' needs without delays. We evaluated the predictors of intraoperative massive transfusion in OLT.Study Design and MethodsData were collected on patients who underwent OLT between 2007 and 2017. Repeat OLTs were excluded. Analyzed variables included recipients' demographic and pretransplant laboratory variables, donors' data, and intraoperative variables. Massive transfusion was defined as intraoperative transfusion of ≥10 units of packed red blood cells (RBCs). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0.ResultsThe study included 970 OLT patients. The median age of patients was 57 (range: 16–74) years; 609 (62.7%) were male. RBCs, thawed plasma, and platelets were transfused intraoperatively to 782 (80.6%) patients, 831 (85.7%) patients, and 422 (43.5%) patients, respectively. Massive transfusion was documented in 119 (12.3%) patients. In multivariate analysis, previous right abdominal surgery, the recipient's hemoglobin, Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, cold ischemia time, warm ischemia time, and operation time were predictive of massive transfusion. There was a direct significant correlation between the number of RBC units transfused and plasma (Pearson correlation coefficient r = .794) and platelets (r = .65).DiscussionPrevious abdominal surgery, the recipient's hemoglobin, MELD score, cold ischemia time, warm ischemia time, and operation time were predictive of intraoperative massive transfusion in OLT.
Towards meaningful transparency at the WTO: Reinforcing the trade policy review mechanism1
Authors: Brotto Reigado André , Evenett Simon J. , Martin Fernando 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe characterise the operation of the World Trade Organization's Trade Policy Review as an exercise, albeit valuable, in performative transparency. We describe steps taken by the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity Through Trade to augment this review process so as contribute towards meaningful transparency. Drawing from recent Trade Policy Reviews of G20 countries, specific examples are described where revealing evidence was provided that facilitates government assessment of their economies' exposure to the commercial policy practices of the reviewed nation. While a step forward, further steps are needed to attain meaningful transparency at the multilateral level that translates into better commercial policies.
Isavuconazole use and TDM in real-world pediatric practice
Authors: Fernández Ledesma Berta , Mendoza-Palomar Natalia , Melendo Pérez Susana , Fernández-Polo Aurora , Renedo Miró Berta , Pau Parra Alba , Luque Pardos Sonia , Grau Cerrato Santiago , Vima Bofarull Jaume , Martín-Gómez María Teresa , Pujol Jover Montserrat , Benítez-Carbante Maria Isabel , Díaz de Heredia Cristina , Soler-Palacin Pere 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Isavuconazole (ISA) is approved for treating invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis in adults, but its use in children remains off-label. We report on the use of ISA in real-world pediatric practice with 15 patients receiving ISA for treatment of invasive fungal infections. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) was performed in all patients, with 52/111 (46.8%) C
trough
determinations out of range, thus supporting the need for TDM in children, especially those receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
Archaeal GPN-loop GTPases involve a lock-switch-rock mechanism for GTP hydrolysis
Authors: Korf Lukas , Ye Xing , Vogt Marian S. , Steinchen Wieland , Watad Mohamed , van der Does Chris , Tourte Maxime , Sivabalasarma Shamphavi , Albers Sonja-Verena , Essen Lars-Oliver 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Three GPN-loop GTPases, GPN1–GPN3, are central to the maturation and trafficking of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II. This GTPase family is widely represented in archaea but typically occurs as single paralogs. Structural analysis of the GTP- and GDP-bound states of the
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
GPN enzyme (
Sa
GPN) showed that this central GPN-loop GTPase adopts two distinct quaternary structures. In the GTP-bound form, the γ-phosphate induces a closed dimeric arrangement by interacting with the GPN region that is relaxed upon hydrolysis to GDP. Consequently, a rocking-like motion of the two protomers causes a major allosteric structural change toward the roof-like helices. Using a lock-switch-rock mechanism, homo- and heterodimeric GPN-like GTPases are locked in the GTP-bound state and undergo large conformational changes upon GTP hydrolysis. A Δ
saGPN
strain of
S. acidocaldarius
was characterized by impaired motility and major changes in the proteome underscoring its functional relevance for
S. acidocaldarius in vivo
.

IMPORTANCE

GPN-loop GTPases have been found to be crucial for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II assembly and nuclear trafficking. Despite their ubiquitous occurrence in eukaryotes and archaea, the mechanism by which these GTPases mediate their function is unknown. Our study on an archaeal representative from
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
showed that these dimeric GTPases undergo large-scale conformational changes upon GTP hydrolysis, which can be summarized as a lock-switch-rock mechanism. The observed requirement of
Sa
GPN for motility appears to be due to its large footprint on the archaeal proteome.
Genome characterization of
Streptomyces
sp. strain VNUA74, a potential biocontrol against pathogenic fungus
Colletotrichum
spp.
Authors: Nguyen Thu Thi , Dinh Son Truong , Nguyen Canh Xuan 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The whole genome sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. strain VNUA74, isolated from soil in a banana farm in Vietnam and exhibited fungicidal effects on banana
Colletotrichum
spp., was sequenced by PacBio RS II and DNBseq sequencing platforms. The complete circular genome is 7,250,076 bp with a GC content of 72.69%.
Heteroresistance to colistin in wild-type
Klebsiella pneumoniae
isolates from clinical origin
Authors: Sánchez-León Irene , Pérez-Nadales Elena , Marín-Sanz Juan Antonio , García-Martínez Teresa , Martínez-Martínez Luis 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Heteroresistance to colistin can be defined as the presence of resistant subpopulations in an isolate that is susceptible to colistin. The aim of this work was to study heteroresistance in 10 wild-type
Klebsiella pneumoniae
isolates of clinical origin, to determine the importance of persisters variants and stable mutants in heteroresistance, and to describe genomic changes observed in mutants obtained in population analysis profiling (PAP) assays. Mutations in genes related to colistin resistance (including
pmr
A,
pmr
B,
pmr
C,
pmr
D,
pho
P,
pho
Q,
crr
A,
ccr
B,
mgr
B,
ram
A,
rom
A,
lax
A,
lpx
C,
lpx
D,
acr
A, and
acr
B) were investigated by whole-genome sequencing with an Illumina platform. Additionally, PCR and Sanger sequencing of the
mgr
B gene of the selected mutants were also performed. PAP showed that the investigated
K. pneumoniae
isolates present heteroresistance to colistin, which is related to both the growth of persisters variants and the selection of resistant mutants. A total of 31-point mutations were identified in proteins PhoP, PhoQ, PmrB, and CrrB of which novel mutations were reported in PhoP (E22K, L12Q, and M175K), PhoQ (V24G and L105Q), PmrB (G207D), and CrrB (G183V). MgrB changes included amino acid substitutions (D31N and L19R), deletions (∆C28, ∆C39, ∆Q22, and ∆W6) or the presence of insertion sequences belonging to the IS1 (ISKpn14) and IS5 (ISKpn74) families that inactivated the gene. The results of this study will help to understand the mechanisms involved in colistin heteroresistance among wild-type
K. pneumoniae
isolates.

IMPORTANCE

Colistin is one of the last remaining therapeutic options for dealing with Enterobacteriaceae. Unfortunately, heteroresistance to colistin is also rapidly increasing. We described the prevalence of colistin heteroresistance in a variety of wild-type strains of
Klebsiella pneumoniae
and the evolution of these strains with colistin heteroresistance to a resistant phenotype after colistin exposure and withdrawal. Resistant mutants were characterized at the molecular level, and numerous mutations in genes related to lipopolysaccharide formation were observed. In colistin-treated patients, the evolution of
K. pneumoniae
heteroresistance to resistance phenotype could lead to higher rates of therapeutic failure.