bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of Posterior and Combined Posterior-Anterior Surgical Approaches for Intractable Tuberculous Thoracolumbar Kyphosis: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Maihemuti Maierdanjiang , Wu Junshen , Dai Zhibing , Maimaiti Aierpati , Jiang Renbing 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: Intractable spinal tuberculosis is extremely uncommon, its treatment is challenging and still controversial. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of posterior and combined posterior-anterior surgical approaches for intractable tuberculous thoracolumbar kyphosis.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 63 cases of intractable tuberculous thoracolumbar kyphosis.The cases were divided into Group P and PA, the P group was treated with posterior surgery alone, and the PA group was treated with the combined posterior-anterior surgery. The surgical efficacy was evaluated based on the clinical symptoms, Kyphotic angle correction rate, Sagittal Vertebral Axis (SVA), operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and surgical complications. Symptoms and function were assessed using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) spinal cord injury classification, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), and the Kirkaldy-Willis functional score. The degree of implant fusion was evaluated according to the Eck fusion grading scale.
Results: The preoperative Kyphotic angles were 59.4°±12.6° and 102.9°±16.6°, and the improved postoperative Kyphotic angles were 19.9°±6.2° and 28.5°±9.6° for the P and PA groups, with correction rates of 65.5%±12.0% and 72.0%±9.5%, respectively. The Kyphotic angle losses were 3.1°±1.4° and 4.2°±1.7° at the last follow-up for the P and PA groups, respectively. The preoperative SVA were 27.6±10.7 mm and 39.1±18.6 mm, which postoperatively improved to 20.6±9.0 mm and 26.4±12.1 mm in the P and PA groups, respectively. All patients had an ASIA classification of E, except two patients in the PA group with a classification of D at the time of the final follow-up. All patients with bone grafting achieved grade I fusion. The Kirkaldy-Willis functional scores were 89.7% and 85.3% for the p and PA groups, respectively, except for two case (1P and 1 PA group)with broken rods. no tuberculosis recurrence, internal fixation loosening, breakage, and obvious loss of correction were found during the follow-up period.
Conclusions: Simple posterior surgery can achieve the desired clinical outcomes in patients with mild Intractable Tuberculous thoracolumbar kyphosis. However, in severe patients with accumulated multiple segments, combined posterior-anterior surgery is required for satisfactory deformity correction, complete lesion removal, and significant bone grafting support, making it a safe and reliable treatment method.
Utility of Molecular Markers in Predicting Local Control Specific to Lung Cancer Spine Metastases Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Authors: Shor Dana , Louie Alexander V. , Zeng Kang Liang , Menjak Ines , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Tseng Chia-Lin , Detsky Jay , Larouche Jeremie , Zhang Beibei , Soliman Hany , Myrehaug Sten , Maralani Pejman , Hwang David M. , Sahgal Arjun , Chen Hanbo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose:
We report outcomes following spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the significance of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and timing of immune check point inhibitors (ICI) on local failure (LF).
Materials and methods:
165 patients and 389 spinal segments were retrospectively reviewed from 2009 to 2021. Baseline patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes were abstracted. Primary endpoint was local failure (LF) and secondary, overall survival (OS) and vertebral compression fracture (VCF). Multivariable analysis (MVA) evaluated factors predictive of LF and VCF.
Results:
The median follow-up and OS were: 13.0 months (range, 0.5–95.3 months) and 18.4 months (95% CI 11.4–24.6). 52.1% were male and 76.4% had adenocarcinoma. Of the 389 segments, 30.3% harboured an EGFR mutation and 17.0% were PD-L1 ≥ 50%. The 24 months LF rate in PD-L1 ≥ 50% vs PD-L1 < 50% was 10.7% vs. 38.0%, and in EGFR-positive vs. negative was 18.1% vs. 30.0%. On MVA, PD-L1 status of ≥ 50% (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15–0.69, p = 0.004) significantly predicted for lower LF compared to PD-L1 < 50%. Lower LF trend was seen with ICI administration peri and post SBRT (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.16–1.05, p = 0.062). On MVA, polymetastatic disease (HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.84–5.85, p < 0.0001) and ECOG ≥ 2 (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.16–3.02, p = 0.011) significantly predicted for worse OS and absence of baseline VCF predicted for lower VCF rate (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.10–0.39, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion:
We report a significant association of PD-L1 ≥ 50% status on improved LC rates from spine SBRT in NSCLC patients.
Inhibition of necroptosis mitigates paclitaxel-induced neuronal damage and cognitive impairment
Authors: Liu Lan-Lan , Zhao Shuang , Li Zhao , Li Hui-Zhou , Liu Xin , Wang Xiu-Li 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line chemotherapy agent for treating many types of cancers, induces cognitive impairment and neuronal damage. However, PTX-induced a limited apoptosis of neurons is not consistent with a wide range of neuroinflammation. Here, we demonstrated that in addition to inducing apoptosis in hippocampal neurons (HT22 cells), PTX causes necroptosis, a programmed cell death, via activation of the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL signaling pathway. Annexin V/PI dual labeling, flow cytometric analysis, image-based PI staining, and western blot techniques were used to evaluate PTX-induced necroptosis. Cell viability was determined using the CCK8 assay, whereas Ca2+ levels were measured using the Fluo-4 AM fluorescent probe. The number of cells that were positive for both Annexin V and PI staining was considerably higher in PTX-treated HT22 cells compared to those treated with the vehicle. Additionally, the nuclei of PTX-treated cells showed more diffuse necrotic staining with PI compared to the vehicle-treated cells. The Western blot study demonstrated a considerable increase in the expression of necroptotic proteins, including RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, and p-MLKL, following PTX treatment. The compound Necrotatin-1 (Nec-1), which specifically inhibits the protein RIPK1, effectively decreased the occurrence of necroptosis in HT22 cells triggered by PTX by lowering the excessive accumulation of intracellular Ca2+ overload. In addition, administration of Nec-1 in vivo rescued cognitive impairments in novel object recognition and Morris Water Maze tests in PTX-treated mice. These data suggest that PTX induces cognitive impairments through RIPK1-mediated necroptosis. Inhibition of necroptosis provided a potential therapeutic approach to reduce PTX-induced cognitive deficits.
Performance enhancement of a digital pulse position modulation for FSO communication systems impaired by interchannel crosstalk, pointing error, and ASE noise
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E. , Yousif Bedir B. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The performance evaluation and enhancement of a digital pulse-position modulation (DPPM) and on-off keying (OOK) modulation for the free-space optical (FSO) communication systems are investigated in this paper. We develop a moment generating function for the post-detection noise processes which takes into account a comprehensive set of the key amplifier and receiver parameters, including gain and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise characteristics of FSO communications. The impact of atmospheric turbulence, inter-channel crosstalk, scintillation, pointing error, and ASE noise has been taken into account. To reduce the turbulence-induced scintillation and optical power penalty, the use of an aperture averaging has been proposed in this paper. Such a system, which could provide a power-efficient, a low cost, excessive flexibility and reliable or considered a massive solution in the bandwidth provision for future access networks, and together for higher data rate. Numerical results show the superiority of DPPM with improved receiver sensitivity at a bit-error-rate of 10-12 about 9 dB for a coding level of 5 and FSO link length of 2500 m more than an equivalent OOK non-return-to-zero approach.
Association between trans fatty acids and Subtypes of breast cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: liu Xinyu , Zhang Sheng , Fang Xuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Conventional observational studies have revealed a potential correlation between trans fatty acids (TFAs) and breast cancer risk. However, there are inconsistencies among pertinent research findings, and well-powered analyses according to breast cancer subtypes have rarely been carried out. The relationship between TAFs and breast cancer subtypes was assessed using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Genetic instruments were obtained from the European Pedigree TFAs of the CHARGE Consortium (n = 8013). Outcome GWAS summary statistics were obtained from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) on 122,977 cases and 105,974 controls of European ancestry. Out of them, 69,501 cases were identified as estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, and 21,468 cases were identified as ER-negative. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) phenotype breast cancer cases were obtained from the FinnGen GWAS. Specifically, there were 12,783 instances of HER2-negative breast cancer (with 149,394 controls) and 7,729 cases of HER2-positive breast cancer (with 149,279 controls). We found that higher levels of circulating cis,trans-18:2 TFAs were positively associated with HER2-positive breast cancer (MR-Egger, p = 0.02, odds ratio [OR] = 6.403, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.565–26.194; IVW random-effects, p = 0.03, OR = 3.368, 95% CI: 1.080–10.507). The results of this extensive MR study provided evidence for a correlation between cis, trans-18:2TFAs, and HER2-positive breast cancer risk. We found no evidence of a causative relationship between TFAs and other subtypes of breast cancer, despite observational studies reporting a correlation between TFAs and breast cancer.
Regional labor administrative punishment and labor income share of enterprises
Authors: Qin Xuerui 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Labor administrative penalty is a type of administrative penalty imposed by the labor security administrative department for violations of labor security laws, regulations, or rules. The intensity of labor administrative punishment varies across regions. How will regional labor administrative punishment affect the labor income share of enterprises? This paper conducts an empirical test on the impact of regional labor administrative punishment on the internal income distribution structure of enterprises. The study is based on theoretical analysis and data of urban labor administrative punishment in China, as well as samples of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen. The labor income share of enterprises is analyzed from a perspective of internal income distribution structure. The results indicate that regional labor administrative punishment significantly increases the labor income share of enterprises. Even after excluding endogeneity and robustness tests, the conclusion remains valid. Regional labor administrative punishment can improve the quality of internal control of enterprises through information publicity and deterrent effect. Additionally, it can reduce the credit risk of enterprises by stabilizing labor relations. Improving internal control quality and reducing credit risk can increase the labor income share of enterprises. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the effect of regional labor administrative punishment on increasing labor income share is heterogeneous. The effect is greater for state-owned enterprises and enterprises with low entity investment levels.
Spatio Temporal Variation of Air Quality Over Industrial Areas of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: SHARMA NAMAN , Jangra Mohan Singh , Aggarwal RK , Bhardwaj SK , Sahil Kartikey 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to analyze and investigate some of the primary pollutants (SOx, NOx & RSPM) at industrial sites in the western Himalayan region. To achieve the objective, six industrial sites across the state of Himachal Pradesh were used to characterize the spatial and temporal patterns. To determine the trend of pollution we analyzed the data and divided it into annual, monthly, and seasonal basis, for the intensity of pollution, hotspots across the selected sites were delineated, while to check the dispersion of pollution windrose was made to know the spread of pollution based on the wind speed and direction. Our findings showed that NOx and RSPM values crossed the National Ambient Air Quality Standard of 50 µg m–3 & 60 µg m–3, while SOx remained under the permissible limits set up by NAAQS. The highest concentrations of all the pollutants occurred during the winter season while the lowest occurred during the monsoon season for the whole observed time period of study. The pollution sources for each of the industrial sites were determined based on the industrial profile for each industrial site adding to which vehicular emissions, biomass and solid waste burning, dust from a nearby unpaved road, and long-range transported pollutants were also found to be the sources of pollution. We conclude that RSPM was the major contributor of air pollution in the industrial areas of Himachal which exceeded the WHO as well as NAAQS values across all the industrial sites.
Creating a Specialized Arduino-Powered Control Interface for Precise Management of Water Evaporation, Including Isothermal Transformation and Adaptive Pressure Modulation
Authors: Bougtaib Ayoub , Nfaoui Mohamed , Hayani-Mounir Sanaa , idrissi Moha El , Mejdal Mohamed 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The fundamental objective of this experimental investigation is to methodically scrutinize the changes in the physical state of a chemically pure substance. This scrutiny involves the intentional manipulation of critical parameters, specifically temperature and pressure, to meticulously observe and comprehend the resultant transformations. The specific focus of this study is directed towards instigating the evaporation of water while maintaining a consistent temperature, with the variable of interest being the precise adjustment of pressure. This experimental design is rooted in the aspiration to elucidate the intricate interdependencies between pressure and the consequential physical state transitions of a substance. The primary emphasis is placed on discerning the nuanced processes involved in the transition from a liquid phase to a gaseous phase. The deliberate decision to isolate and vary solely the pressure parameter is driven by the quest to systematically explore and comprehend its substantial role in steering and modulating these transformations. The overarching rationale is predicated on the notion that through this focused manipulation of experimental conditions, participants can cultivate a more profound and sophisticated understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing these phenomena. This, in turn, serves to fortify their expertise in the specialized domains of thermodynamics and materials sciences. The experiment presents an empirical platform for participants to actively engage with and dissect how fluctuations in pressure exert a compelling influence on the metamorphosis of a substance, particularly within the contextual framework of transitioning from a liquid to a gaseous state. The insights derived from this scholarly inquiry are poised to contribute meaningfully to the existing body of knowledge in the field. Furthermore, they may offer practical implications for a broader comprehension of material behaviors under diverse thermodynamic conditions, thereby potentially informing advancements in related scientific and technological pursuits
A fuzzy TOPSIS-based approach for prioritizing low-impact development methods in high-density residential areas
Authors: Mehri Milad , Sadeghi Sonia , Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany Seied 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study successfully implemented six low-impact development (LID) methods to manage surface runoff in urban areas: green roof, infiltration trench, bio retention cell, rain barrel, green roof combined with infiltration trench, and rain barrel combined with bio-retention cell. Each method has unique benefits in mitigating surface runoff effects in urban environments. The following four indicators were used to evaluate the methods: runoff volume reduction, peak runoff flow rate reduction, economic sustainability, and social sustainability. The study, which lasted approximately 4 months, was conducted in an eastern Tehran metropolis residential area with a mix of old and new buildings. The SWMM model determined runoff volume and peak flow values, and a price analysis list determined the economic index. Local experts completed 25 questionnaires to evaluate the social index. Fuzzy TOPSIS multi-indicator decision criteria were used to prioritize LID methods, and the Rain barrel + Bio retention cell combined scenario emerged as the best option based on all four criteria. The method reduced peak runoff flow by 23.1–66.1% under rainfall with 10-year return periods. The green roof + infiltration trench method had the highest percentage reduction of 2,737 m3, while the infiltration trench had the lowest reduction of 273 m3.
Drug-Protein Interactions Prediction Models Using Feature Selection and Classification Techniques
Authors: Idhaya T. , Suruliandi A. , Raja S. P. 
Published: January 2024

Background::
Drug-Protein Interaction (DPI) identification is crucial in drug discovery. The high dimensionality of drug and protein features poses challenges for accurate interaction prediction, necessitating the use of computational techniques. Docking-based methods rely on 3D structures, while ligand-based methods have limitations such as reliance on known ligands and neglecting protein structure. Therefore, the preferred approach is the chemogenomics-based approach using machine learning, which considers both drug and protein characteristics for DPI prediction.

Methods::
In machine learning, feature selection plays a vital role in improving model performance, reducing overfitting, enhancing interpretability, and making the learning process more efficient. It helps extract meaningful patterns from drug and protein data while eliminating irrelevant or redundant information, resulting in more effective machine-learning models. On the other hand, classification is of great importance as it enables pattern recognition, decision-making, predictive modeling, anomaly detection, data exploration, and automation. It empowers machines to make accurate predictions and facilitates efficient decision-making in DPI pre-diction. For this research work, protein data was sourced from the KEGG database, while drug data was obtained from the DrugBank data machine-learning base.

Results::
To address the issue of imbalanced Drug Protein Pairs (DPP), different balancing techniques like Random Over Sampling (ROS), Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), and Adaptive SMOTE were employed. Given the large number of features associated with drugs and proteins, feature selection becomes necessary. Various feature selection methods were evaluated: Correlation, Information Gain (IG), Chi-Square (CS), and Relief. Multiple classification methods, including Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Adaboost, and Logistic Regression (LR), were used to predict DPI. Finally, this research identifies the best balancing, feature selection, and classification methods for accurate DPI prediction.

Conclusion::
This comprehensive approach aims to overcome the limitations of existing methods and provide more reliable and efficient predictions in drug-protein interaction studies.
Identification of Novel CDK 4/6 Inhibitors by High-throughput Virtual Screening
Authors: Debnath Abhijit , Mazumder Rupa 
Published: January 2024

Background:
CDK4/6 plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, and inhibiting
this kinase can effectively prevent the initiation of cell growth and division. However, current FDAapproved
CDK4/6 inhibitors have limitations such as poor bioavailability, adverse effects, high cost,
and limited accessibility. Thus, this research aimed to discover novel CDK4/6 inhibitors to overcome
the challenges associated with FDA-approved inhibitors.

Methods:
To identify potential CDK4/6 inhibitors, we have performed structure-based virtual
screening. Chem-space and Mcule databases have been screened, followed by a series of filtering
steps. These steps included assessing drug-likeness, PAINS alert, synthetic accessibility scores,
ADMET properties, consensus molecular docking, and performing molecular dynamics simulations.

Results:
Four new compounds (CSC089414133, CSC091186116, CSC096023304, CSC101755872)
have been identified as potential CDK4/6 inhibitors. These compounds exhibited strong binding
affinity with CDK4/6, possessed drug-like features, showed no PAINS alert, had a low synthetic
accessibility score, demonstrated effective ADMET properties, were non-toxic, and exhibited high
stability.

Conclusion:
Inhibiting CDK4/6 with the identified compounds may lead to reduced cell proliferation
and the promotion of cancer cell death.
Anti-seizure Medications: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Tandon Neha , Radosavljevic Milica , Vucevic Danijela , Radenkovic Miroslav , Jancic Jasna , Samardzic Janko 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by unprovoked, recurrent seizures.
There are several types of epilepsy, and the cause of the condition can vary. Some cases of
epilepsy have a genetic component, while others may be caused by brain injuries, infections, or other
underlying conditions. Treatment for epilepsy typically involves anti-seizure medications
(ASMs), although different approaches, such as surgery or a special diet, may be considered in specific
cases. The treatment aims to effectively manage and potentially eliminate seizures while minimizing
any accompanying side effects. Many different ASMs are available, and the choice of medication
depends on several factors, including the type of seizures, the patient's age, general health,
and potential drug interactions. For the treatment of epilepsy, there have been significant advancements
in recent decades, which have led to the approval of many different ASMs. Newer ASMs offer
a broader range of mechanisms of action, improved tolerability profiles, and reduced drug interactions
compared to older drugs. This review aims to discuss the pharmacological characteristics,
clinical applications, effectiveness, and safety of ASMs, with a particular emphasis on various age
groups, especially children. Moreover, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding
of ASM therapy for epilepsy management, assisting physicians in selecting suitable ASMs for their
patients.