bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder andattention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A comparative study and effects on communication skills
Authors: Berenguer Carmen , Baixauli Inmaculada , Rosa Eva , De Stasio Simona 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSleep disturbances are highly prevalent among children with neurodevelopmental disorders, like Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention‐Deficit/Hiperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The first objective of this study is to examine the differences in sleep problems between a group of children with ASD without intellectual disabilities, a group with ADHD and a typically developing (TD) group. A second objective is aimed at analyzing the effects of sleep problems and symptom severity on their communication skills. Participants were 122 children between 7 and 12 years old distributed in three groups: 32 TD children, 47 children with ASD and 43 children with ADHD, matched on age and intelligence. Parents completed different questionnaires that measured sleep disturbances and communication skills. Findings show significant differences between the clinical groups and the TD group in most types of sleep disorders. Moreover, the group with ADHD showed significantly more sleep breathing disorders and hyperhidrosis in comparison with ASD and TD, as well as more total sleep problems. In contrast to ASD, the predictive power of sleep problems on communication difficulties was greater in the group with ADHD. The results of the mediation analysis indicate that in both groups, sleep problems partially mediate the relationship between symptoms and communication. This investigation highlights the need of considering sleep disorders when assessing communication skills in ASD and ADHD, given its indirect influence in this domain. Understanding the sleep dysfunctions of both conditions and their repercussions is crucial to develop adjusted interventions.
Evaluation of gadolinium‐based contrast agents in pregnant CD‐1 mice and subsequent in utero exposure of the developing offspring, including behavioral evaluations
Authors: Lewis Elise M. , Bussi Simona , Fretellier Nathalie , Clemens Guenther , Jones Paul , Tedoldi Fabio , Bourrinet Phillipe , Czupalla Oliver , Hirani Ella , Hoberman Alan M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe offspring of CD‐1 mice exposed during pregnancy to one of seven gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) were evaluated for potential effects on postnatal development and behavior. The GBCAs, comprising four linear (gadopentetate dimeglumine, gadodiamide, gadobenate dimeglumine, and gadoxetate disodium) and three macrocyclic (gadoterate meglumine, gadoteridol, and gadobutrol), were administered via intravenous injection once daily from Gestation Day 6 through 17 following confirmed mating (Day 0) at doses of at least twice the human equivalent recommended clinical dose (i.e., 0.63 mmol Gd/kg for gadoxetate disodium and 2.5 mmol Gd/kg for the other GBCAs). All dams were allowed to deliver naturally. F0 generation females were monitored for maternal toxicity and gadolinium (Gd) levels in blood and brain. Offspring were evaluated for Gd levels in blood and brain at birth and on Day 70 postpartum. F1 generation mice were evaluated for survival and growth preweaning. Selected pups/litter were evaluated postweaning for sexual maturation, growth, and behavior. Gd was quantifiable in the brain of the F1 offspring on PND 1, with levels declining over time. There was no long‐term effect of any GBCA on the growth and development of any offspring. There was no impact on neurodevelopment, as assessed by brain histology and validated neurobehavioral tests, including a battery of functional observational tests, motor activity, and learning and memory as evaluated in the Morris water maze.ConclusionAt the end of the postweaning period, the highest dose tested was considered the no‐observable‐adverse‐effect level (NOAEL) in the F0 and F1 offspring for all tested GBCAs.
Outcome of children with multicystic dysplastic kidney: Does involved side matter?
Authors: Yavuz Sevgi , Kıyak Aysel , Sander Serdar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMulticystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a common anomaly detected on antenatal ultrasound. We aimed to assess the profile of children with MCDK and to investigate whether the involved side has any effect on outcome.MethodsThirty‐nine patients with MCDK and 20 controls were enrolled. Patients who estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values over 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 were compared with controls. Comparison was made between the involved sides.ResultsMKDB was right‐sided in 20 (51.3%) and left‐sided in 19 (48.7%) patients. 33.3% had additional urinary tract abnormality, 10.2% had systemic abnormality. 82% showed contralateral kidney enlargement. 48.7% involuted, 17.9% underwent nephrectomy. 35.8% suffered from urinary tract infection (UTI). 5.1% had renal scarring (RS). 30% developed microalbuminuria. 12.8% complicated with hypertension. 17.9% progressed to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypertension was independent risk factor for developing CKD. Blood pressure, cystatin C and urine microalbumin/creatinine levels were increased, and eGFR values were decreased in patients compared to controls. No significant difference was found between the two sides for rates of involution, UTI, RS, nephrectomy, and additional abnormality. Cystatin C levels were higher on the right than left sides (p = .033).ConclusionChildren with MCDK predispose to renal deterioration even at normal eGFR values. Although cystatin C levels tended to increase in right‐sided patients, the involved side seemed to have no significant effect on renal outcome. Hypertension was main determinant for progression to CKD in MCDK.
The development of an interdisciplinary theoretical framework for Forest School in the United Kingdom
Authors: Knight Sara , Coates Janine Kim , Lathlean Judith , Perez‐del‐Aguila Rossana 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA growing evidence base has demonstrated the value of Forest School as an outdoor learning approach which supports a range of benefits including improved physical, social and mental wellbeing, increased confidence and self‐esteem and the development of problem‐solving skills. However, critics of Forest School have argued that a lack of theoretical coherence and detail risks the misinterpretation of Forest School and its pedagogy by both practitioners and researchers. This paper responds to these concerns, establishing a comprehensive and detailed theoretical framework for Forest School. Through a thorough examination of evidence supporting Forest School delivery, we examine the theoretical keystones of this pedagogical approach to inform an interdisciplinary theoretical understanding of Forest School. We argue that Forest School is a particular socially constructed approach to outdoor education, which is informed by social constructivist experiential learning theory. This is driven by two core components. First, play‐pedagogy, which includes the opportunity to experience risk and be creative. Next, biophilic interaction, which examines the human innate desire to be in nature. This is informed by the cultural origins of Forest School development as underpinned by Nordic notions of friluftsliv and by theories of place attachment. Taken together, this theoretical framework considers the breadth of knowledge that underpins Forest School and recognises its growing evidence base, which positions it as a rich and valuable pedagogical approach.
Simultaneous and trace‐level quantification of four benzene sulfonate potential genotoxic impurities in doxofylline active pharmaceutical ingredients and tablets using high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
Authors: Xiao Tingyu , Lin Huaqing , Lao Jiekeng , Hu Xin , Chen Yucheng , Lei Yicong , Xu Mingzhi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the production of doxofylline, the common occurrence of toxic p‐toluene sulfonate generation prompted the development and validation of a method using HPLC with ultraviolet detection (HPLC‐UV). This method is designed for detecting four potential genotoxic impurities (PGIs) present in both doxofylline drug substance and tablets, with a focus on the UV‐absorbing group p‐toluene sulfonate. The four impurities were methyl 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate (PGI‐1), ethyl 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate (PGI‐2), 2‐hydroxyethyl 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate (PGI‐3), and 2‐(4‐methylphenyl)sulfonyloxyethyl 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate (PGI‐4). In this method, chromatographic separation was achieved using a Waters Symmetry C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phases consisted of 20% acetonitrile as mobile phase A and pure acetonitrile as mobile phase B, operating in gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. According to the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization, it was determined that this method could quantify four PGIs at 0.0225 μg/mL in samples containing 60 mg/mL. The validated approach demonstrated excellent linearity (R2 > 0.999) across the concentration range of 30%–200% (relative to 0.075 μg/mL doxofylline) for the four PGIs. The accuracy of this method for the four PGIs ranged from 94.8% to 100.4%. The reverse‐phase‐HPLC‐UV analytical method developed in this study is characterized by its speed and precision, making it suitable for the sensitive analysis of benzene sulfonate PGIs in doxofylline drug substances and tablets.
Development of antibody‐drug conjugates in cancer: Overview and prospects
Authors: Ruan Dan‐Yun , Wu Hao‐Xiang , Meng Qi , Xu Rui‐Hua 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn recent years, remarkable breakthroughs have been reported on antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs), with 15 ADCs successfully entering the market over the past decade. This substantial development has positioned ADCs as one of the fastest‐growing domains in the realm of anticancer drugs, demonstrating their efficacy in treating a wide array of malignancies. Nonetheless, there is still an unmet clinical need for wider application, better efficacy, and fewer side effects of ADCs. An ADC generally comprises an antibody, a linker and a payload, and the combination has profound effects on drug structure, pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy. Hence, optimization of the key components provides an opportunity to develop ADCs with higher potency and fewer side effects. In this review, we comprehensively reviewed the current development and the prospects of ADC, provided an analysis of marketed ADCs and the ongoing pipelines globally as well as in China, highlighted several ADC platforms and technologies specific to different pharmaceutical enterprises and biotech companies, and also discussed the new related technologies, possibility of next‐generation ADCs and the directions of clinical research.
Biochemical progression free and overall survival among Black men with stage IV prostate cancer in South Africa: Results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Pumpalova Yoanna S. , Ramakrishnan Adarsh , May Michael , Pentz Audrey , Minkowitz Shauli , Doherty Sean , Singh Elvira , Chen Wenlong Carl , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Neugut Alfred I. , Joffe Maureen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundMen of African descent are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer (PCa), and many have metastatic disease at presentation. In South Africa (SA), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the first‐line treatment for stage IV PCa.ObjectiveTo identify predictors of overall survival (OS) in Black South African men with stage IV PCa treated with ADT.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsMen diagnosed with prostate cancer (3/22/2016–10/30/2020) at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital in Soweto, Johannesburg, were recruited for the Men of African Descent with Cancer of the Prostate study. We included men with newly diagnosed stage IV PCa treated with ADT who had a prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level drawn prior to initiation of ADT and had ≥1 PSA drawn ≥12 weeks after ADT start.Outcomes Measures and Statistical AnalysisWe used Kaplan–Meier statistics to estimate OS and Cox regression models to identify predictors of OS.Results and LimitationsOf the 1097 men diagnosed with prostate cancer, we included 153 men with stage IV PCa who received ADT and met PSA requirements. The median age was 68.0 years (interquartile range 64–73 years). Median OS from time of ADT initiation was 3.39 years (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.14%–noncalculable), while biochemical progression‐free survival was 2.36 years (95% CI: 2.03%–3.73%). Biochemical progression (HR 3.52, 95% CI: 1.85%–6.70%), PSA nadir level >4 ng/mL (HR 3.77, 95% CI: 1.86%–7.62%), alkaline phosphatase level at diagnosis >150 IU/dL (HR 3.09, 95% CI: 1.64%–5.83%), and hemoglobin at diagnosis <13.5 g/dL (HR 2.90, 95% CI: 1.28%–6.56%) were associated with worse OS.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified factors associated with poor OS among Black South African men with stage IV PCa treated with ADT. These factors may be useful in identifying patients for upfront treatment escalation, including the use of docetaxel chemotherapy or escalation of therapy at the time of biochemical progression.Patient SummaryIn this study, we found that high alkaline phosphatase level, anemia at diagnosis, and high PSA nadir after initiation of androgen deprivation therapy are associated with worse overall survival among Black South African men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for metastatic prostate cancer.
Coherent Evaluation of Energy Efficiency for Microwave Catalytic Reactors Based on Reaction Equilibrium
Authors: Suguro Takuya , Kishimoto Fuminao , Movick William J. , Takanabe Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMicrowave‐driven catalytic processes have attracted the attention of many researchers and industries as these processes are powerful strategies for use in industrial electrification. However, undetectable hot spots inside the catalyst bed can be misleading in terms of the deceptive effects of microwaves on acceleration of catalytic reactions because of the lack of physicochemical knowledge about these processes. In this paper, the hot spots temperatures were estimated based on catalytic ammonia (NH3) synthesis/decomposition equilibrium. The reaction temperature estimated from the chemical equilibrium was more than 100 °C higher than the catalyst bed surface temperature measured with an infrared thermometer under microwave irradiation. Assuming a formation of very steep local high temperature fields, rigorous kinetic analysis led to an estimate that the active site fraction which reaches the high temperature was only about 10 % of total sites. Compared with a resistivity heating furnace, the energy input was reduced by more than 85 % under microwave irradiation. The temperature estimated by the chemical equilibrium was almost corresponding to the temperature estimated by an oscillation of extended X‐ray absorption fine structure recorded under microwave irradiation. This paper presents a proposal for a method to estimate hot spots based on thermodynamic equilibrium, yielding a quantitative evaluation of energy consumption reduction caused by microwaves.
The Need for Dynamic Process Simulation: A Review of Offshore Power‐to‐X Systems
Authors: Rentschler Philipp , Klahn Christoph , Dittmeyer Roland 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe integration of offshore wind energy into Power‐to‐X (PtX) process chains offers opportunities for the efficient use of renewable energy. This article analyzes different PtX process chain configurations and their adaptation to the offshore environment. However, direct coupling of PtX platforms with fluctuating electrical energy poses major challenges. Dynamic process simulation is presented for analysis of different plant configurations and operating strategies. The article emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary research to consider technological as well as economic and environmental aspects.
L'efficacité des annonces publicitaires persuasives incitant à la distanciation sociale
Authors: BelhadjYoussef Mohamed Hatem , Besbes Sahli Alia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research aims to test the impact of persuasive ads encouraging social distancing in the face of the coronavirus. A survey of 208 individuals found that the effectiveness of this communication depends mainly on the attitude toward the advertisement and the perceived effectiveness of the recommendation. However, while the negative impact of consumers' dispositional skepticism on their attitude toward the advertisement has been confirmed, the impact of trust in the advertiser, as well as the moderating effects of situational skepticism and altruism have not been established.
A Psychoanalysis of Player Unknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG) in the Context of India 2020–2021
Authors: Debnath Achintya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis article is based on field surveys and interviews among mobile users. It provides a heuristic framework for understanding the dynamics of violent content, recent issues regarding banning PUBG (player unknown's battlegrounds) video games, and the complex characteristics of its perspectives. More precisely, it brings up an explanation and relation between violence and certain video games primarily focused on mobile user gamers who play PUBG (or Free Fire or both). Furthermore, this study throws light on the hot debate of banning PUBG in India in 2020–21 and the context of oversimplified assumptions behind its ban. The entire frame of this article is based on individual interviews of mobile users and their thoughts and experiences on the matter. For this purpose, fifty interviews have been conducted among gamers–players who play PUBG, Free Fire, or both. Furthermore, this research will contribute to the video game debate that has been going on regarding the relation between violence and games which started as early as the 1970s (Kowert and Quandt 2021).
Liz Przybylski. 2020. Hybrid Ethnography: Online, Offline, and In Between. SAGE Publications, Inc.
Authors: Ackfeldt Anders 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAs social media proliferates globally, affecting over half the world's population, ethnographic research must adapt to evolving modes of communication and representation. Liz Przybylski's book Hybrid Ethnography: Online, Offline, and In Between offers an accessible, practical guide to hybrid ethnography spanning both digital and physical spaces. Covering project formulation, research ethics, site selection, data collection, analysis, and writing, the book draws on the author's experience studying hip‐hop culture across the United States and Canada. Key strengths highlighted include the continuous focus on ethical considerations and the book's utility for researchers at all stages. The modular chapter design also allows for targeted consultation by researchers. Overall, this timely volume serves as an essential, durable guide for ethnographers navigating an increasingly digitized social landscape where subjects have greater control over self‐representation. It receives an enthusiastic recommendation for students and scholars alike.
Limits to species distributions on tropical mountains shift from high temperature to competition as elevation increases
Authors: Chen Jinlin , Lewis Owen T. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSpecies turnover with elevation is a widespread phenomenon and provides valuable information on why and how ecological communities might reorganize as the climate warms. It is commonly assumed that species interactions are more likely to set warm range limits, while physiological tolerances determine cold range limits. However, most studies are from temperate systems and rely on correlations between thermal physiological traits and range limits; little is known about how physiological traits and biotic interactions change simultaneously along continuous thermal gradients. We used a combination of correlational and experimental approaches to investigate communities of Drosophila flies in rainforests of the Australian Wet Tropics, where there is substantial species turnover with elevation. Our experiments quantified individual‐level and population‐level responses to temperature, as well as the impact of interspecific competition under different temperature regimes. Species' distributions were better explained by their performance at extreme temperatures than by their thermal optima. Upper thermal limits varied less among species than lower thermal limits. Nonetheless, these small differences were associated with differences in the centered elevation of distribution. Low‐elevation species were not those with the lowest tolerance to cold, suggesting that cold temperatures were not limiting their abundance at high elevations. Instead, under upland temperature regimes, abundances of these low‐elevation species were reduced by competition with a high‐elevation species, in both short‐ and long‐term competition experiments. Our results demonstrate that high‐elevation species are confined to their current ranges by high temperatures at lower elevations, indicating that their ranges will be highly sensitive to future warming. Counter to expectation, species interactions strongly influenced community composition at cooler, high‐elevation sites. Together, these results raise the possibility that tropical communities differ from better‐studied temperate communities in terms of the relative importance of biotic interactions and abiotic factors in shaping community composition and how the impact of these factors will change as temperatures increase.
Invasive haemodynamics at rest and exercise in cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Holt Margrethe Flesvig , Flø August , Ravnestad Håvard , Bjørnø Vilde , Gullestad Lars , Andreassen Arne K. , Broch Kaspar , Gude Einar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsOur aim was to investigate haemodynamics at rest and during exercise in patients with transthyretin cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) in light of the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines on pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods and resultsWe performed right heart catheterization (RHC) in 57 subjects with ATTR‐CM. The proportion of patients with PH was 77% according to the 2022 guidelines versus 47% when applying the 2015 guidelines. Isolated post‐capillary PH and combined pre‐ and post‐capillary PH were most prevalent. Thirty‐six patients underwent a supine bicycle cardiopulmonary exercise test during RHC. Exercise‐induced PH was defined as an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure from rest to exercise per increase in cardiac output (ΔmPAP/ΔCO) of > 3 mmHg/L/min. An increase in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure per change in cardiac output (ΔPAWP/ΔCO) from rest to exercise >2 mmHg/L/min was considered suggestive of post‐capillary exercise‐induced PH. All but two patients who exercised during RHC developed exercise‐induced PH. The median ΔmPAP/ΔCO was 7.2 mmHg/L/min and ΔPAWP/ΔCO was 5.1 mmHg/L/min. The median ΔRAP/ΔCO was 3.6 mmHg/L/min and ΔRAP/ΔPAWP was 0.6 mmHg/L/min.ConclusionsMost patients with ATTR‐CM have isolated post‐capillary or combined pre‐ and post‐capillary PH at rest, and almost all patients develop exercise‐induced PH with a large post‐capillary component. There was a pronounced, but balanced increase in atrial pressures on exercise.