bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Exploratory Review on the Hypoglycemic Action of Unani Anti-diabetic
Drugs via Possible Modulation of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Akhlaq Shaheen , Ara Shabnam Anjum , Itrat Malik , Fazil Mohammad , Ahmad Bilal , Akram Usama , Haque Merajul , Quddusi Neelam , Sayeed Ahmad 
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, multi-factorial metabolic disorder
and also an important public health issue that requires multi-dimensional therapeutic strategies
for effective control. Unani herbs have long been used to effectively mitigate diabetes through
various mechanisms. In recent years, it has been speculated that the alteration of gut microbiome
ecology is potentially one of the important mechanisms through which the Unani drugs exert hypoglycemic
action. This review aims at the trans-disciplinary interpretation of the holistic concepts
of the Unani system of medicine and the molecular insights of contemporary medicine for novel
strategies for diabetes management.

Methodology:
We searched scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science-Direct,
etc. Unani classical texts (Urdu, Arabic, and Persian), and medical books, for diabetic control
with Unani medicine through the gut microbiome.

Results:
Unani medicine defines, diabetes as a urinary system disorder disrupting the transformational
faculty (Quwwat Mughayyira) in the gastrointestinal tract. The Unani system and contemporary
biomedicine use different epistemology and ontology for describing diabetes through gutderived
factors in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Unani Pharmaceutics have reported in clinical
and preclinical (in vitro/ in vivo) trials in improving diabetes by altering gut microbiota composition,
microvascular dysfunction, and inflammation. However, the preventive plan is the preservance
of six essential factors (Asbāb Sitta Ḍarūriyya) as a lifestyle plan.

Conclusion:
This is the first study on the integrative strategy about the hypoglycemic effects of
Unani herbs that could serve as a prerogative novel approach for cost-effective, holistic, rationalistic,
and multi-targeted diabetes management.
LncRNA SH3BP5-AS1 Regulates the Proliferation and Cell Cycle of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Fan Xiaowu 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consists of a class of heterogeneous
diseases.

Objective:
LncRNAs are exceedingly implicated in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Herein, the current
study set out to illustrate the molecular mechanism of SH3BP5-AS1 in NSCLC cells.

Methods:
SH3BP5-AS1 expression in clinical NSCLC tissues and its impact on prognosis were analyzed
by bioinformatics database. SH3BP5-AS1 expression patterns in NSCLC cell lines
(A549/H1299/H1975/H460) and human normal lung epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B) were examined
by RT-qPCR. SH3BP5-AS1 was overexpressed in A549 or silenced in H1975 cells through
transfection to assess its effect on proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis, apoptosisrelated
protein (Cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) levels, invasive, migratory, and healing capacity
through CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, Transwell, and cell scratch
test.

Results:
SH3BP5-AS1 was under-expressed in NSCLC clinical tissues, and NSCLC patients with
low SH3BP5-AS1 expression showed poor prognosis. A549/H1299/H1975/H460 cells had reduced
levels of SH3BP5-AS1, with the relative level lowest/highest expression in A549/H1975 cells, respectively.
SH3BP5-AS1 overexpression repressed A549 cell proliferation, slowed down cell cycle
progression, enhanced apoptosis, elevated Cleared Caspase-3, Bax, suppressed Bcl-2 protein levels,
and inhibited migratory, invasive, and scratch healing capacities, while SH3BP5-AS1 silencing
brought about the opposite results in H1975 cells.

Conclusion:
SH3BP5-AS1 could suppress NSCLC cell proliferation, slow down cell cycle progression,
stimulate apoptosis, and limit invasion and migration.
Pharmacological Strategies for Enzyme Inhibition in Disease Therapeutics:
A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Verma Garima , Bhushan Bharat , Singh Geetanjali , Singh Kuldeep , Kumar Shivendra , Garg Akash , Rajput Pankaj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:
Enzyme inhibition is a crucial pharmacological approach for treating various diseases as it
targets enzymes involved in disease pathogenesis. This review explores the fundamental concepts of
enzyme inhibition, including reversible and irreversible mechanisms, and the various types of enzymes,
such as proteases, kinases, and polymerases, and their contributions to different disease states.
The review discusses the design and production of enzyme inhibitors using methods like structurebased
drug design, high-throughput screening, and rational drug design. The review also discusses
the challenges and successes encountered in discovering and optimizing potent and selective enzyme
inhibitors. Examples of enzyme inhibition's therapeutic benefits include protease inhibitors in
HIV/AIDS therapy, kinase inhibitors in cancer treatment, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's
disease management. The review also examines possible side effects and limits of enzyme
inhibition, focusing on ways to reduce off-target effects and make drugs more specific. At the end of
the review, new trends and future possibilities in enzyme inhibition for treating diseases are talked
about. These include personalized medicine, combination therapies, and new ways to get drugs into the
body. By shedding light on the latest developments, challenges, and future directions, the review aims to
contribute to the advancement of this vital field and revolutionize disease treatment modalities.
The Pattern of Morbidity and Access to Healthcare Service in the Riverine Flood-prone Villages of Assam, India
Authors: Saha Jayanti 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Floods are considered one of the common phenomena causing substantial death, morbidity, and damage to infrastructure as well as economic conditions across the world. India receives 75% of its total rainfall in the monsoon season, as a result, annually on average 8 million people are affected by the floods. The Brahmaputra valley of Assam is one of the worst flood-affected regions in the country. This study focuses on understanding the pattern of morbidity, health service utilization, and challenges faced to access healthcare services in the riverine flood-prone villages of Assam.

Methods:
A mixed method study was followed to conduct the study. Primary data have been collected through interview schedules from 83 households. Descriptive statistics of both frequency and percentage were shown for categorical as well as continuous variables. Qualitative data were analyzed using a thematic framework.

Results:
The research findings indicate that in the flood-prone villages people face difficulty in accessing healthcare. However, the challenges intensify during flood times. It was identified that illnesses like fever, skin infection, diarrhea, and dysentery are linked to floods. Three themes were identified from the qualitative analysis i.e., lack of transportation facilities, non-functional sub-centres, and lack of money. The transportation facilities and the non-functional sub-centers were some of the causes along with the financial constraint to avail the health care facilities.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that to improve the health service condition in the flood-prone areas, there is an urgent need to improve both the quality and quantity of the sub-centres infrastructures and the manpower. Other public health interventions such as providing food, water, and shelter, especially during floods need to be developed. Encouraging early flood preparedness and public health awareness programs through community participation would also help to reduce the damage to these people.
Comprehensive Characterization of Graphene-zinc Oxide-silica
Nanocomposites for Enhanced Conductive Applications
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Sinha Sanjeet Kumar 
Published: December 2023

Background:
The applications of nanocomposite materials require stable and high
electrical performance for the potential conductive applications.

Objectives:
This study aimed to present the effect of introducing different compositions of nanomaterials and to obtain the highly conductive composite composition and its relative analysis.

Methods:
The XRD, SEM, and TEM tests were conducted to study different characteristics
related to the characterization and composition of the nanomaterials.

Results:
The laboratory results show that the conductivity test revealed that Sample-6 (Rk-6)
exhibited the lowest impedance value of 15.26 Ω, indicating its superior conductivity among the
samples tested. These findings significantly contribute to the field of graphene research, providing valuable insights into the potential of GZS nanocomposites for applications that require enhanced conductivity.

Conclusion:
With the proposed composition of the synthesis of GZS nanocomposites using
graphene, zinc oxide, and silica, the study successfully demonstrated improved storage capabilities and can be well suited for low-power applications in the fabrication of nanorods, polymers,
and polyester resin.
Estimating the Teacher Gap and Funding Requirements for all Education
Levels in Eastern and Southern Africa
Authors: Cummins Matthew 
Published: December 2023

Background::
The socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 added to the learning challenges
across Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) and significantly increased the resources required
to deliver on basic education goals.

Objective::
This article makes the case for greater budgetary allocations to the education sector
by quantifying the annual funding needs for 20 governments in ESA to achieve different classroom
size targets for all levels of education by 2030.

Methods::
Building on earlier estimation techniques, it develops a teacher costing and affordability
model based on macroeconomic and demographic projections as well as education sector
performance indicators from global databases.

Results::
To meet goals around education and learning, governments in ESA need to pay for
more than five million additional teachers by 2030. When compared to affordability estimates,
which reflect the latest teacher compensation spending trends, the funding shortfall is nearly 50
percent. While there is variation across countries, the compounding shortage of teachers is a
serious risk to improving learning across the region.

Conclusion::
The findings underscore the need to invest more resources in teachers and education
systems more generally. If governments can progressively increase their investment in education
to reach six percent of GDP in 2030, which is in line with the most ambitious target in the
Incheon Declaration, they could recruit an additional three million teachers, which partially
closes the gap. However, to achieve basic learning goals, most governments will need to invest
much more, including up to eight percent of GDP.
Distributed Data Proceeding Systems Architectures Resource Efficiency Improvement on the Basis of Apriory Data about the Jobs Late Completion Times
Authors: Klimenko A. B. 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of research. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for improving the efficiency of distributed architectures of data processing systems operating in the fog and edge layers of the network. In conditions of high dynamics of both the network infrastructure and the load, the task of forming the architecture of data processing systems is solved regularly (migration of virtual machines, horizontal scalingб etc.) At the same time, the issue of the consumption of the residual resource of computing nodes is practically not considered, while the often used devices have relatively low capacity, and their high workload leads to a reduction in the service life. Therefore, the creation of methods for forming an architecture of a computing device system that is effective in terms of saving a computing resource is an urgent task.Methods. The main scientific methods used in this study are domain analysis, operations research methods, optimization methods and computer modeling, confirming the feasibility of the main aspects of the developed method. To improve the efficiency of placing computational tasks on the nodes of a network fragment, this paper formulated a multicriteria optimization problem, where each element of the vector objective function corresponds to an individual value of the probability of failure-free operation of a computing device. To obtain estimated values of the cost function, a priori estimates of the late completion of the solution of computational problems by nodes are used, since the resource allocated for solving depends on the allocated time, and the time for solving the problem, respectively, on the allocated computing resource. The value of the cost function is calculated on the basis of approximate a priori estimates, which leads to a positive effect in terms of the consumption of computing resources of devices.Results. The result of the study is a developed method for improving the efficiency of distributed architectures of data processing systems operating in the fog and edge layers of the network.Conclusion. The method proposed in this work allows to choose such a load distribution in order to reduce the workload of devices and thus reduce the consumption of computing resources of the devices.
Effectiveness of a Continuous Remote Temperature Monitoring Program to Reduce Foot Ulcers and Amputations: Multicenter Postmarket Registry Study
Authors: Shih Chia-Ding , Scholten Henk Jan , Ripp Gavin , Srikanth Kirthana , Smith Caileigh , Ma Ran , Fu Jie , Reyzelman Alexander M 
Published: December 2023

Background
Neuropathic foot ulcers are the leading cause of nontraumatic foot amputations, particularly among patients with diabetes. Traditional methods of monitoring and managing these patients are periodic in-person clinic visits, which are passive and may be insufficient for preventing neuropathic foot ulcers and amputations. Continuous remote temperature monitoring has the potential to capture the critical period before the foot ulcers develop and to improve outcomes by providing real-time data and early interventions. For the first time, the effectiveness of such a strategy to prevent neuropathic foot ulcers and related complications among high-risk patients in a real-world commercial setting is reported.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a real-world continuous remote temperature monitoring program in preventing neuropathic foot ulcers and amputations in patients with diabetes.

Methods
In this retrospective analysis of a real-world continuous remote temperature monitoring program, 115 high-risk patients identified by clinical providers from 15 geographically diverse private podiatry offices were analyzed. Patients received continuous remote monitoring socks as part of the program. The enrollment was based on medical necessity as decided by their managing physician. We evaluated data from up to 2 years before enrollment and up to 3 years during the program. The primary outcome was the rate of wound development. Secondary outcomes included amputation rate, the severity of the foot ulcers, and the number of visits to an outpatient podiatry clinic after enrolling in the program.

Results
We observed significantly lower rates of foot ulceration (relative risk reduction [RRR] 0.68; 95% CI 0.52-0.79; number needed to treat [NNT] 5.0; P<.001), less moderate to severe ulcers (RRR 0.86; 95% CI 0.70-0.93; NNT 16.2; P<.001), less amputations (RRR 0.83; 95% CI 0.39-0.95; NNT 41.7; P=.006), and less hospitalizations (RRR 0.63; 95% CI 0.33-0.80; NNT 5.7; P<.002). We found a decrease in outpatient podiatry office visits during the program (RRR 0.31; 95% CI 0.24-0.37; NNT 0.46; P<.001).

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that a real-world continuous remote temperature monitoring program was an effective strategy to prevent foot ulcer development and nontraumatic foot amputation among high-risk patients.
MOTHERS KNOWLEDGE TOWARDS WOUND CARE IN THE GREATER BANDUNG AREA
Authors: OKTAVIANI DEDE JIHAN , ZUHROTUN ADE , BARKAH CECEP SAFA'ATUL 
Published: December 2023

Objective: Proper wound care is essential to prevent complications and worsening of the injured patient. Everyone in the family needs to possess wound care knowledge, especially the mother, who plays a role in making decisions about health care and family health behaviors. This study aims to evaluate mothers' knowledge towards wound care in the Greater Bandung Area.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 100 participants with varied backgrounds and had met the inclusion criteria. The study was conducted using questionnaires distributed online to the mother community living in the Greater Bandung Area, West Java, then data processing and analysis were carried out.
Results: The results showed that mothers in the Greater Bandung Area had a good level of knowledge (27%), average (52%), and less (21%). In addition, plasters with wound care solutions were still the mothers' main choice in wound care. Nevertheless, there are many choices of pharmaceutical dosage forms for wound care that have been developed today to optimize the wound healing process.
Conclusion: Most of the mothers already have an average level of knowledge to good. However, there are still quite a lot of mothers who have a lack of knowledge related to wound care. Therefore, educational programs must be developed to raise awareness about wound care and management, as well as knowledge about pharmaceutical dosage forms for wound care.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HAND AND BODY LOTION FROM PURPLE SWEET POTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) PEEL EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: NARSA ANGGA CIPTA , FRIDAYANTI ADITYA , GAMA SABANIAH INDJAR , MUTA’ALI MUHAIMIN , WATHONI NASRUL 
Published: December 2023

Objective: This study aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) peel extract. The goal is to determine the levels of antioxidant activity in hand and body lotion formulas that use purple sweet potato peel extract as an antioxidant agent and to evaluate the formulas to identify the one with the best physical stability.
Methods: The antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical inhibition method. Physical stability of the hand and body lotion formula was evaluated within 4 w storage at room temperature, the evaluation was based on measurements of various lotion characteristics such as organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, phase separation, and spreadability.
Results: The results of this study showed that the purple sweet potato peel extract exhibited antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 44.582±1.19 ppm. The antioxidant activity of the hand and body lotion formulas had IC50 values of 83.319±1.01, 63.181±0.97, and 24.107±0.63 ppm for formulas containing 1,3, and 5% extracts, respectively. The hand and body lotion formula containing 3% extract demonstrated the best physical stability, as it remained physically stable after being stored at room temperature for 4 w.
Conclusion: The extract of purple sweet potato peel presented very strong antioxidant activity and has great potential for use in hand and body lotion formulas as an antioxidant agent.
Zur Darstellung der Phraseologie im russisch-deutschen phraseologischen Lexikon
Authors: Eckert Rainer 
Published: December 2023

Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit der historischen Phraseologie des Russischen im Russisch-deutschen und deutsch-russischen Wörterbuch (1774–1779) von Christoph Schmidt. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die Phraseologie bereits vor 200 Jahren relevanter Bestandteil bei der Erstellung eines zweisprachigen Wörterbuches war und sich mit Problemen wie phraseologischer Varianz oder auch der Rektion phraseologischer Wendungen auseinandergesetzt wurde. Abschließend geht der Artikel die Entwicklung der Phraseologie als linguistische Teildisziplin ein und beschreibt die Entwicklungen innerhalb der Russistik an der Universität Leipzig.
Ieskats priedēkļverbos Kristofa Fīrekera vārdnīcā
Authors: Frīdenberga Anna 
Published: December 2023

Rakstā aplūkoti priedēkļverbi Kristofa Fīrekera latviešu-vācu vārdnīcā. Kopumā abos vārdnīcas manuskriptos ir apmēram 100 verbi, kuriem ir doti vairāki prefiksālie atvasinājumi. Vārdnīcā lietoti visi latviešu valodas verbu prefiksācijā izmantojamie 11 priedēkļi, kā arī tiem līdzīgais komponents caur. Redzamas ievērojamas atšķirības vārdnīcas norakstos – 2. manuskripts atšķiras gan ar to, ka bieži pie verba ir piezīme, ka tam raksturīgi saliktie verbi (proti, priedēkļverbi), gan ar priedēkļverbu vai priedēkļu biežo uzskaitījumu. Atšķirības starp manuskriptiem ir lielākas, nekā līdz šim domāts. Lielāka uzmanība priedēkļverbiem pievērsta vārdnīcas otrajā norakstā, kur verbi papildināti ar tiem priedēkļiem, kuri 1. manuskriptā nav minēti, dažkārt pat it kā cenšoties aizpildīt visu attiecīgo priedēkļverbu vārddarināšanas ligzdu. Katram priedēklim ir kāda tipiskākā nozīme, kas parādās biežāk, un arī gadījumos, kad vārdnīcā minēts priedēkļu uzskaitījums, izmantotas šīs, domājams, tipiskākās, nozīmes. Lai gan priedēkļverbiem var konstatēt raksturīgas nozīmju grupas, tomēr katrs gadījums ir aplūkojams individuāli.
Bridging the Gap: Pancreas Tissue Slices From Organ and Tissue Donors for the Study of Diabetes Pathogenesis
Authors: Cohrs Christian M. , Chen Chunguang , Atkinson Mark A. , Drotar Denise M. , Speier Stephan 
Published: December 2023

Over the last two decades, increased availability of human pancreatic tissues has allowed for major expansions in our understanding of islet biology in health and disease. Indeed, studies of fixed and frozen pancreatic tissues, as well as efforts using viable isolated islets obtained from organ donors, have provided significant insights toward our understanding of diabetes. However, the procedures associated with islet isolation result in distressed cells that have been removed from any surrounding influence. The pancreas tissue slice technology was developed as an in situ approach to overcome certain limitations associated with studies on isolated islets or fixed tissue. In this Perspective, we discuss the value of this novel platform and review how pancreas tissue slices, within a short time, have been integrated in numerous studies of rodent and human islet research. We show that pancreas tissue slices allow for investigations in a less perturbed organ tissue environment, ranging from cellular processes, over peri-islet modulations, to tissue interactions. Finally, we discuss the considerations and limitations of this technology in its future applications. We believe the pancreas tissue slices will help bridge the gap between studies on isolated islets and cells to the systemic conditions by providing new insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes at the organ level.

Article Highlights
Human pancreas tissue slices represent a novel platform to study human islet biology in close to physiological conditions. Complementary to established technologies, such as isolated islets, single cells, and histological sections, pancreas tissue slices help bridge our understanding of islet physiology and pathophysiology from single cell to intact organ. Diverse sources of viable human pancreas tissue, each with distinct characteristics to be considered, are available to use in tissue slices for the study of diabetes pathogenesis.