bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Analysis of Energy Absorption Characteristics of Corrugated Beams in Civil Aircrafts
Authors: Chen Chen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Corrugated beams are widely used in the structural design of cargo floor supports in civil aircraft due to their good load carrying capacity and impact resistance characteristics. In this paper, based on the explicit integral algorithm of transient dynamics and the finite element analysis method, the nonlinear process of corrugated beam structure in crash is calculated and analysed. The results show that the energy-absorbing performance of corrugated beams can be greatly improved after increasing the wavelength and reducing the amplitude and thickness, making them lightweight and efficient energy-absorbing components.
What machines shouldn’t do
Authors: Robbins Scott 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Meaningful human control (MHC) is increasingly becoming an important topic in AI ethics beyond the domain of autonomous weapons systems. MHC has been conceptualized, analyzed, and applied. However, in this article, I show how all the current attempts at realizing MHC have fallen short because we have not taken the important first step of deciding what machines should and should not be doing in the first place. We must first ensure that the output we have delegated to the machine is appropriate – only then do we have to do the work required to ensure that MHC is realized. Here, I argue that machines should not be evaluating – that is, we should not be delegating evaluative outputs to machines. This is practically important because machines that have evaluative outputs cannot be evaluated for efficacy. We can’t say how effective they are. This is ethically important because machines don’t have the moral agency required to make evaluations. Furthermore, machines should not be in a position to change our values – which they would be if they were evaluating. Finally, evaluations are judged based on the considerations used to reach a particular judgment. Contemporary AI cannot provide these justifying considerations – so we have no way of evaluating their evaluative outputs.
Staged thoracoscopic internal traction approach for early repair of long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)
Authors: Sajankila Nitin , Gigena Cecilia , Zamorano Darling , Santos Marcela , Gómez Alicia , Lavado Isidora , DeRoss Anthony L. , Lopez Manuel , Maricic Maximiliano , Guelfand Miguel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) can complicate the management of esophageal atresia (EA) with or without a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). This series describes a short interval, staged, thoracoscopic internal traction approach for LGEA with distal TEF to manage complex anastomotic tension or an anatomically impossible esophageal anastomosis.

Methods
A retrospective review (2018–2024) was performed across four tertiary centers to identify patients with LGEA and distal TEF, managed with a staged, thoracoscopic internal traction approach. In the first stage, the TEF was ligated and internal traction sutures were placed between esophageal pouches. In the second stage, patients underwent primary anastomosis. Short and long-term complications and outcomes were measured.

Results
In total, seven patients were treated with this approach. Gestational ages ranged from 33 to 39 weeks. The average age at the initial surgery was 2.3 days, and the average age at definitive anastomosis was 15.9 days. There were no cases of leak or esophageal dehiscence. Gastroesophageal reflux was a common post-operative complication, occurring in 85.7% of patients.

Conclusions
Temporary internal traction sutures allow for a minimally invasive, safe repair of LGEA with distal TEF, under decreased tension. This technique reduces operative time, and potential complications associated with other long-gap anastomotic techniques.

Level of evidence
IV.
Predicting surgical site infections after open reduction and internal fixation for ankle fractures
Authors: Tausendfreund Jasper , Penning Diederick , Naryapragi M. Azad , Reisinger Kostan W. , Tanis E. , Joosse P. , Schepers T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the more severe complications following ankle surgery. It is associated with worse outcomes and re-admissions. Therefore, identification of risk factors is essential. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing surgery for ankle fractures.

Materials and methods
A retrospective study was performed in a large cohort (n = 929) of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of ankle fractures between 2015 and 2020 in the Netherlands. The primary outcome variables included rate of SSI (superficial or deep) and deep SSI. Prediction factors were categorized as patient-related, injury-related and treatment-related.

Results
The incidence rate was 9.36% for SSI and 3.55% for deep SSI. Univariate analysis showed significant associations for higher age (p < 0.001), DM (p = 0.018), ASA 2 and 3 (p = 0.013 and p < 0.001), bi- and trimalleolar fractures (p = 0.021 and p = 0.013), open fractures (p = 0.004) and small size plate compared to screw fixation (p = 0.027). The only independent significant risk factor for SSI in multivariate analysis was open fracture. For deep SSI the significant risk factors were DM (p = 0.039), ASA 3 and 4 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005) and open fracture (p = 0.002). After multivariate analysis, the independent significant risk factors were open fracture and ASA 3 and 4.

Conclusions
Higher age, DM, ASA 2 and 3, bi- and trimalleolar fractures, open fractures and standard plate-size implant placement were identified as significant risk factors for SSI. Open fracture was the only significant independent risk factor for SSI after ORIF of ankle fractures. In deep SSI, there were different risk factors. DM, ASA 3 and 4, and open fractures were significantly associated. Although, open fracture and ASA 3 and 4 were the significant independent risk factors.
Pediatric cancer predisposition syndromes involving non-central nervous system solid pediatric tumors: a review on their manifestations with a focus on histopathology
Authors: Schurink B. , Reyes-Múgica M. , de Krijger R. R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Germline genetic alterations and their associated cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) are an important cause of pediatric cancer. Early recognition is of great importance for targeted surveillance, early detection, and prompt (personalized) therapeutic interventions. This review provides an overview of non-central nervous system solid pediatric tumor types, in relation to their associated CPS, with an emphasis on their histology. It serves as a guide for (pediatric) pathologists to increase their awareness of histological clues that suggest a CPS and warrant referral to the clinical geneticist.
A literature-based cost-effectiveness analysis of device-assisted suturing versus needle-driven suturing during laparotomy closure
Authors: Lwin Zin Min Thet , Börner Gabriel , Verheij-Engqvist Sophia , Keel George 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Small-bites suturing technique for laparotomy closure is now recommended as the standard of care. However, uptake of the practice remains slow. A medical technology called the SutureTOOL has been developed which can facilitate implementation of small-bites. The aim of the study was to compare the economic and clinical outcomes of laparotomy closure for patients using manual needle-driver suturing versus device-assisted suturing (SutureTOOL) following open abdominal surgery.

Methods
This cost-effectiveness analysis comparing device-assisted suturing to needle-driver suturing was performed from a healthcare perspective within Sweden, France, the UK, and the US. A decision tree model was developed to implement the analysis.

Results
The SutureTOOL was found to be cost-effective, reducing costs between 22% and 40% across country contexts. Savings were associated with reduced post-operative complications and reductions in operating room time. Improvements in quality of life were minimal and not clinically significant, likely because of the short time horizon.

Conclusion
Cost-effectiveness was largely due to cost savings. Prior to procurement, hospitals should test the device to ensure that small-bite rates and reductions in operation time are replicable within their clinical context. If so, the device will improve quality of care for laparotomy wound closure.
Challenges when Combining Expertise to Provide Integrated Care for Youth At-Risk and Their Family: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Veerman Laura C.M. , Mulder Eva A. , Vermeiren Robert R.J.M. , van Domburgh Lieke , van der Maas Anne , Nooteboom Laura A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The needs of youth at-risk and their families, facing multiple problems and serious mental health issues, exceed the expertise and possibilities of a single stakeholder (professional, organization, municipality). These youngsters require care in which the expertise of different professionals and organizations is integrated. However, combining various types of expertise to provide integrated care to youth at-risk is challenging. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to describe how stakeholders approach these challenges when combining different types of expertise to provide integrated care for youth at-risk. In total, 28 in-depth interviews were conducted with stakeholders working in various organizations or municipalities for youth at-risk in The Netherlands. Transcripts were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. Reflections from a youth representative were also incorporated. Results reveal challenges at four levels: youth and family, professional, organization, and system. At each level, challenges arise in addressing the exceptional needs and problems of youth at-risk, collaborating with multiple stakeholders, reluctance to apply or involve expertise, and finding sufficient resources to combine expertise. Professionals, organizations, and municipalities approach these challenges with a backward or forward approach: either they accept the situation, focus on their own expertise, leave responsibility to others; or they force their expertise on others, or seek collaboration to combine expertise. Overall, combining different types of expertise to provide integrated care to youth at-risk can be seen as an expertise in itself, and necessitates reflection, awareness, and careful consideration from all stakeholders.
SERCA2a dysfunction in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a direct role is yet to be established
Authors: Shooshtarian Adam Kia , O’Gallagher Kevin , Shah Ajay M. , Zhang Min 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With rising incidence, mortality and limited therapeutic options, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains one of the most important topics in cardiovascular medicine today. Characterised by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction partially due to impaired Ca2+ homeostasis, one ion channel in particular, SarcoEndoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), may play a significant role in its pathophysiology. A better understanding of the complex mechanisms interplaying to contribute to SERCA2a dysfunction will help develop treatments targeting it and thus address the growing clinical challenge HFpEF poses. This review examines the conflicting evidence present for changes in SERCA2a expression and activity in HFpEF, explores potential underlying mechanisms, and finally evaluates the drug and gene therapy trials targeting SERCA2a in heart failure. Recent positive results from trials involving widely used anti-diabetic agents such as sodium-glucose co-transporter protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists offer advancement in HFpEF management. The potential interplay between these agents and SERCA2a regulation presents a novel angle that could open new avenues for modulating diastolic function; however, the mechanistic research in this emerging field is limited. Overall, the direct role of SERCA2a dysfunction in HFpEF remains undetermined, highlighting the need for well-designed pre-clinical studies and robust clinical trials.
Values of the entrepreneur as a driver of sustainable tourism entrepreneurship
Authors: Teruel-Sanchez Ricardo , Briones-Peñalver Antonio Juan , Bernal-Conesa Juan Andrés , de Nieves-Nieto Carmen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of this research is to understand the relationship between sustainability and entrepreneurship of small tourism enterprises in an area of high environmental value (tourist environment) which has been threatened in different ways (e.g., COVID-19, tourist pressure, natural phenomena, pollution, etc.), considering the mediating effect of the values of the entrepreneur and the tourist environment. This is a quantitative study, using a multivariate second-order hierarchical component model. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used for the analysis. The results indicate that sustainability alone is not sufficient for entrepreneurship. However, if sustainability is mediated by the values of the entrepreneur and the tourism environment, it does have a positive impact on entrepreneurship. Furthermore, these variables have a positive effect on entrepreneurship, therefore these values of the entrepreneur are revealed as a driver of a sustainable economic model. This work has significant implications for decision-making regarding the importance of sustainable entrepreneurship in an environmentally threatened coastal area. It is recommended that tourism companies invest in sustainable tourism actions to preserve the local environment because of its positive influence on stakeholders. This research fills a gap in the literature on the relationship between sustainability, entrepreneur values, environment and entrepreneurship. It highlights the importance of context-specific contingencies for sustainability and the impact of entrepreneurship. The study provides a novel framework for understanding the process of social change towards sustainable tourism led by the entrepreneur and his or her values. The study is limited to a very specific area of high ecological value, so we consider that it can be extrapolated to similar areas.
Thickness dependent sensitivity of GAGG:Ce scintillation detectors for thermal neutrons: GEANT4 simulations and experimental measurements
Authors: Karmakar Annesha , Kumar G. Anil , Tyagi Mohit , Pal Anikesh 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the present work, we report extensive GEANT4 simulations in order to study the dependence of sensitivity of Gd3Ga3Al2O12:Ce (GAGG:Ce) scintillation crystal based detector on thickness of the crystal. All the simulations are made considering a thermalised Am-Be neutron source. The simulations are validated, qualitatively and quantitatively, by comparing the simulated energy spectra and sensitivity values with those obtained from experimental measurements carried out using two different thicknesses of the crystal from our own experiment (0.5 mm and 3 mm) and validated with three other thicknesses (0.01 mm, 0.1 mm and 1 mm) from literature (Taggart et al. in IEEE Trans Nucl Sci 67:603–608, 2020). In this study, we define sensitivity of GAGG:Ce as the ratio of area under 77 keV sum peak to 45 keV peak. The present studies clearly confirm that, while it requires about 0.1 mm thickness for the GAGG:Ce crystal to fully absorb thermal neutrons, it requires about 3 mm to fully absorb the thermal neutron induced events. Further, we propose an equation, that can be used to estimate the thickness of the GAGG:Ce crystal directly from the observed sensitivity of the GAGG:Ce crystal. This equation could be very useful for the neutron imaging community for medical and space applications, as well as for manufactures of cameras meant for nuclear security purposes.
Concept for generic agile, reactive optical link planning
Authors: Fürbacher A. , Fruth T. , Wiebigke A. , Wörle M. T. , Mrowka F. , Saucke K. , Martín Pimentel P. , Knopp M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper presents our concept of a generic, flexible, highly responsive, evolvable end-to-end link planning system, which enables its users to modify the planning and corresponding operational products even on late notice. The main challenges of optical communication, the orbit and pointing accuracy, and the influence of atmospheric weather conditions result in the need for having an automatically triggered reactive incremental planning immediately upon reception of new input (e.g., orbit or cloud prediction updates) instead of planning runs at fixed points in time following a predefined pattern. For direct-to-Earth communication, the local weather conditions are a major challenge which may lead to ground station link outages. This is where ground station clusters with a high site diversity come into play. To address the risk of data loss as well as increase the availability and resilience, the automated ingestion of information from the ground terminals with an ad-hoc, reactive re-planning is one possible solution. In this sense, cloud forecasts and statistics can be considered and integrated into the planning model and processes. We outline how we aim to integrate atmospheric condition monitoring concepts, that we already have implemented for Earth observation acquisition planning purposes, into our generic link planning tool suite. Our tool can be used for different types of missions. It shall evolve to an automated link planning system based on the Reactive Planning Framework combined with PintaOnWeb, a frontend for visual support, modifications, and analysis.
Re-using co-design in initial teacher education: A scoping study to inform school-university partnerships
Authors: Fitzgerald Ange , Kardaris Emilio , Nash Melanie , Byth Allison , White Simone 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Co-design as an effective tool in supporting partnerships is experiencing a renaissance in contemporary Initial Teacher Education (ITE) policy reform. While not a new construct, the current re-use of co-design represents a contemporary shift in collaboration, emphasising inclusivity and adaptability by integrating critical thinking and problem-solving with content and pedagogy. Despite its growing popularity, co-design's potential in supporting diverse partnerships remains largely unexplored. This study delves into the complexities, opportunities, and challenges of co-design as a tool in reshaping ITE. The scoping study follows a five-stage process: identifying the research question, identifying relevant studies, study selection, data charting, and summarising results. The process culminated by highlighting five papers that illustrate co-design's importance, including collaboration, trust, shared values, dialogue, power dynamics, and open communication, in ITE. The discussion highlights key considerations in co-design within ITE. These include the scarcity of literature on co-design, the necessity for terminology consensus, the importance of genuine collaboration, and the learner-focused improvement potential of co-design. This research has implications for partnership policy and proposes that significant changes are needed to accommodate innovations in ITE co-design.
Deep reinforcement learning for multiple reservoir operation planning in the Chao Phraya River Basin
Authors: Phankamolsil Yutthana , Rittima Areeya , Sawangphol Wudhichart , Kraisangka Jidapa , Tabucanon Allan Sriratana , Talaluxmana Yutthana , Vudhivanich Varawoot 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study demonstrates application of Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG)-based algorithm to provide comprehensive and flexible plans for reservoir operation planning of the multiple reservoir system in the Chao Phraya River Basin (CPYRB), Thailand aiming to mitigate flood and drought risks in the region. The multi-agent-based Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) model is accordingly constructed considering 7-D predicted inflow, reservoir water released from adjacent reservoir, downstream flow condition, and changes in reservoir water storage, as state variables. The desired goal is to increase water storage levels in all reservoirs by 10–15% to ensure higher potential in supplying water for crop cultivation over the dry seasons and preventing flood occurrences during wet season. Simulation results from 2009 to 2022 indicate that DRL–DDPG-based algorithm can perform well in solving sequential decision problems for optimal operation of multiple reservoir system to achieve the desired water storage goal. It can offer realistic simulation results of seasonal and annual release schemes and reservoir release ratios among reservoirs in the system compared to actual operation and Fmincon and ANFIS optimizations. Importantly, DRL model demonstrates a significant advantage in view of increasing the long-term water storage levels in all reservoirs as targeted in the modelling process while maintaining the similar and consistent release schemes in the reservoir system. For the multipurpose multiple reservoir system operation, adjusting the dynamic desired goals within multi-agent-based RL model is advisable to attain the specific desired outcomes and address various water scenarios.
What colors are the bricks? Unboxing the DeFi model- A literature survey, empirical study, and taxonomy of decentralized finance
Authors: Schueffel Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Decentralized finance (DeFi) is gaining momentum in the world of banking, finance, and beyond. Yet, there remains a notable lack of scholarly research addressing the foundational principles and concepts underlying DeFi. In response to this gap, this study undertakes an extensive investigation into DeFi, drawing upon existing academic literature and insights from industry experts to develop a taxonomy of DeFi's attributes, operational models, and associated risks. This classification sharpens the definition of DeFi and yields critical insights for scholars and industry professionals keen on advancing DeFi's technological applications. By pinpointing essential characteristics of DeFi, mapping out its diverse business models, and highlighting the risks for DeFi users, this research contributes to the academic dialogue. It lays down a comprehensive framework for understanding DeFi, paving the way for subsequent studies and practical implementations in this dynamic area.
The translation initiation factor eIF2 is phosphorylated to inhibit protein translation through reactive oxygen species under nutrient deficiencies in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cui Xiaona , Cao Yuanyuan , Lv Mengyang , Zhou Shuhao , Chen Meijun , Li Chengwei , Zhang Hairong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or potassium (K) deficiency in plants can lead to a decrease in amino acid and protein synthesis. However, it is unknown how protein translation gets repressed during macronutrient deficiencies. Previous research has shown that general control non-depressible 1 (GCN1) cooperate with GCN2 to phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF2α). In this study, we observed phosphorylation of eIF2α under N, P, and K deficiencies, which was found to be lost in gcn1. Mutant gcn1 displayed higher sensitivity to macronutrient deficiencies compared to the wild-type (WT). The evidence of in situ reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in leaves indicated that macronutrient starvation triggers ROS production. Treatment with Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a ROS scavenger, eliminated ROS and reversed eIF2α phosphorylation induced by nutrient deficiency. Moreover, it was discovered that protein translation was reduced under N or K deficiency in the WT but not in gcn1, whereas under P deprivation, protein translation was reduced in both the WT and gcn1. We additionally found that DMTU can partially recover translation inhibition under N or K deprivation. Taken together, it is concluded that GCN1-GCN2-eIF2α pathway is regulated by ROS and is essential for plant survival under macronutrient starvation conditions.