bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Fluid is Less Fluid: Comparing Early Versus Late Resuscitation in Severely Injured Trauma Patients
Authors: Beni Catherine E. , Arbabi Saman , Robinson Bryce R.H. , O’Keefe Grant E. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: We aimed to characterize the temporal trends of crystalloid resuscitation in severely injured trauma patients after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Using 500 mL/hr of crystalloid in the first 6 hours of ICU admission to distinguish early versus late resuscitation, we hypothesized early resuscitation was associated with less volume by 48 hours and better outcomes compared with late resuscitation.
Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the trauma registry of a high-volume level 1 academic trauma center to examine adult trauma patients admitted to the ICU (2016-2019) with: with initial serum lactate ≥ 4 mmol/dL, elevated lactate (≥ 2 mmol/L) at ICU admission, and lactate normalization within 48 hours. We analyzed patient and injury characteristics, and the first 48 hours of ICU course. The primary outcome was ICU length of stay (LOS); secondary outcomes included ventilator days, acute kidney injury (AKI), and in-hospital death. We compared subjects who received early resuscitation to those received late resuscitation using unadjusted methods and multivariable regression models.
Results: We analyzed 333 subjects. The late resuscitation group received less volume over the first 24 hours, but surpassed the early group by 48 hours (5.5 vs 4.1L, p ≤ 0.001). The late group had longer ICU LOS (9 vs 5 days, p ≤ 0.001) and ventilator days (5 vs 2 days, p ≤ 0.001), and higher incidence of AKI (38% vs 11%, p ≤ 0.001). On multivariable regression, late resuscitation remained associated with longer ICU LOS and ventilator days, and higher odds of AKI after adjusting for important confounders.
Conclusions: After hemostasis, crystalloid can play an important role in restoration of organ perfusion. Delaying resuscitation is associated with both receipt of higher volumes of crystalloid by 48 hours and worse outcomes compared to early resuscitation. Judicious crystalloid given early in ICU admission could improve outcomes in the severely injured.
Rational Design of Chiral Single-Benzene-Based Fluorophores via Enantioselective Twofold C−H Activation: Solid-State and Circular Polarization Luminescence, and Cellular Imaging Application
Authors: Hao Erhong , Li Zhongyuan , Liu Fang , Li Heng , Guo Xing , Wu Qinghua , Jiao Lijuan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Developing chiral materials remains highly challenging due to the limited synthetic approaches to achieve enantiopure molecules with harmoniously optoelectronic properties. Herein, a class of chiral single-benzene-based fluorophores with new backbone was demonstrated via Rh-catalyzed twofold and enantioselective C–H activation with chiral transient directing group strategy. It not only approaches an efficient protocol of enantioselective twofold C–H activation in one-pot with single catalytic system, but also achieves a class of novel chiral single-benzene-based fluorophores. The new chiral fluorophores showed favorable photophysical properties, including large Stokes shifts, good fluorescence quantum yields, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) in aqueous solution, and intense emission and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in the solid state, indicating great potential applications as chiral fluorescent probes or optoelectronic materials. Further examination of photophysical properties and computational calculation exhibited a crucial role of the rigidly five-membered ring to provide good fluorescence quantum yields. In addition, 3al and 3aowere also employed as representatives for the lipid droplet-targeting bioimaging in living cells.
The relationship between the number of chronic diseases and health-related quality of life among middle-aged and older adults in rural areas of Yunnan province, China: moderating effect of health lifestyle
Authors: Chen Jie , Xiao Yan , Yan Chaofang , Li Xiaoju , Zhang Yafang , Chen Ying , Huang Yuan , Deng Rui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background Individuals residing in underdeveloped rural settings may have a higher prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), lower level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and distinct lifestyles. However, this triadic association remains inadequately studied and understood, particularly regarding the role played by health lifestyle. Yunnan province, as a typical underdeveloped region in China, is also witnessing population aging, with NCDs emerging as primary factors influencing both health status and HRQoL among middle-aged and older adults. This study aims to examine the relationship between the number of NCDs and HRQoL while exploring the potential moderating effect of health lifestyle among middle-aged and older adults residing in resource-limited areas. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Yunnan province from July to December 2022. Spearman’s correlation test and Pearson’s correlation test were employed to examine the pairwise correlations among the number of NCDs, HRQoL, and health lifestyle. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the number of NCDs and HRQoL, as well as investigate the potential moderating effect of health lifestyle on this relationship. Results Out of the total 2,704 participants, 57.91% presented with at least one NCD. The mean score for health lifestyle and health utility value were calculated as 11.109 and 0.944 respectively. A significant negative association was observed between the number of NCDs and health utility value, while a positive correlation was found between the number of NCDs and health lifestyle score. Health lifestyle exerted a moderating effect on the relationship between the number of NCDs and HRQoL (β = 0.006,P < 0.001), which was also observed for specific health-related behaviors such as sleep duration (β = 0.013,P < 0.001), physical examination attendance (β = 0.006,P < 0.05) and physical activity (β = 0.013,P < 0.001). Conclusions The study highlights that a healthy lifestyle exerts a crucial role in moderating the association between the number of NCDs and HRQoL. Considering the high prevalence of NCDs and substantial decline in HRQoL among middle-aged and older adults, recognizing the potential influence of a healthy lifestyle as a moderator in this relationship could be pivotal for developing effective interventions for this population, even within resource-constrained rural settings.
Determine the status of soil physiochemical properties of the Hawa Moyi micro-watershed in Western highland of Ethiopia
Authors: Regasa Abu , Deressa Sime 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Information on soil is essential in sound land use planning which can enhance the production and productivity of the crops and improve the livelihood of communities. Detail assessments of the morphological, physical and chemical properties of the soil are essential in sustainable soil management. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of soil physiochemical properties and identify the soil types of the Hawa-Moyi micro-watershed in the western highland of Ethiopia. Six representative soil pedons were opened along topographic positions on different land use types and described on each identified genetic horizon. The morphological properties were examined in the field while physiochemical properties were analyzed in the laboratory. Accordingly, the depth of soil was very deep for all pedons. The soil color of the study area ranged from red to very dark brown whereas the soil structure ranged from moderate granular to very strong angular blocky. Soil textural classes were clay loam to clay whereas bulk density ranged from 0.97-1.69gcm− 3in the watershed. The soil pH was rated as very strong acidic to moderately acidic whereas OM ranged from 0.22–6.23%. Total N contents ranged from 0.01–0.43% with Av. P ranged from 3.38-9.15mgkg− 1. The CEC varied from 19.42–38.5 cmolckg− 1 whereas PBS ranged from 22.47–41.82%. The soil of the study area is classified as Nitisols. Generally, the soil morphological and physiochemical properties of the study area varied along the topographic position, soil depth and land use types. In the case of its fertility status, the nutrient contents of surface soils almost ranged from low to medium with strong acid to moderate acid. Therefore, it is recommended that the soils in the study area be managed for soil fertility as well as for the removal of too many exchangeable bases and soil acidity using integrated soil fertility management methods.
The impact of continuous lenalidomide maintenance treatment on people living with Multiple Myeloma – a single-centre, qualitative evaluation study
Authors: Buck Caroline , Castillo Francisco Brenes , Bettio Elena , Land Joanne , McCourt Orla , Poole Helen , Tarling Rachel , Yong Kwee , Popat Rakesh , Lee Lydia , McMillan Annabel , Papanikolaou Xenofon , Xu Ke , Kyriakou Chara , Rabin Neil , Wechalekar Ashu , Fisher Abigail , Sive Jonathan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Continuous lenalidomide maintenance treatment after autologous stem cell transplantation delivers improvement in progression free and overall survival among newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and has been the standard of care in the UK since March 2021. However, there is scant information about its impact on patients’ day-to-day lives. This study aimed to qualitatively assess patients receiving lenalidomide treatment at a specialist cancer centre in London.
Methods:
We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews among purposively selected myeloma patients; 10 male & 10 female, median age 58 (range: 45–71) to gain insights into perspectives on lenalidomide. The median treatment duration was 11 months (range: 1–60 months). Reflexive thematic analysis was used for data analysis.
Results:
Four overarching themes were: i) Lenalidomide: understanding its role and rationale; ii) Reframing the loss of a treatment-free period to a return to normal life; iii) The reality of being on lenalidomide: balancing hopes with hurdles; iv) Gratitude and Grievances: exploring mixed perceptions of care and communication. Results will be used to enhance clinical services by tailoring communication to better meet patients' preferences when making treatment decisions.
Conclusion:
This study highlights that most patients feel gratitude for being offered continuous lenalidomide and perceive it as alleviating some fears concerning relapse. It reveals variations in side-effects on different age groups; younger patients reported no/negligible side-effects, while several older patients with comorbidities described significant symptom burden, occasionally leading to treatment discontinuation which caused distress at the perceived loss of prolonged remission. Future research should prioritise understanding the unique needs of younger patients living with multiple myeloma.
Efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pulmonary nodules: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: meng xingru , wen haihua , lian leshen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread use of chest CT has significantly enhanced the detection rate of pulmonary nodules (PN). Presently, standard treatments involve regular follow-ups and surgical interventions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) represents a unique treatment method, and an increasing number of studies have shown that TCM treatment may be effective for pulmonary nodules. However, existing research lacks substantial supporting data. This study will be the first systematic review and meta-analysis that aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM treatment for pulmonary nodules.
METHODS We intend to meticulously search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment for pulmonary nodules across seven comprehensive databases:PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang Database (Wangfang), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Technology Periodical Database (VIP). Our primary focus will be on defining the size and characteristics of pulmonary nodules, malignancy risk score, and the overall effectiveness rate as the primary outcomes. Additionally, we will consider adverse events resulting from TCM treatment as secondary outcomes. To assess the risk of bias, we employed RevMan 5.4 software, and for conducting the meta-analysis, we utilized Stata V.15.0 software.
RESULTS From this study, we will determine the efficacy and safety of TCM in the treatment of pulmonary nodule.
CONCLUSION This study will provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy and safety of TCM in the treatment of pulmonary nodule.
Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required because we will be extracting data from published articles and the findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration PROSPERO registration number CRD42023465975.Registered on September 29, 2023
Identification of potentially actionable genetic variants in epithelial ovarian cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Claes Kathleen , Fieuws Charlotte , Meulen Joni Van der , Proesmans Kristiaan , De Jaeghere Emiel , Loontiens Siebe , Dorpe Jo Van , Tummers Phillipe , Denys Hannelore , de Vijver Koen Van 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, mainly due to late-stage diagnosis, frequent recurrences, and eventually therapy resistance. To identify potentially actionable genetic variants, sequencing data of 351 Belgian ovarian cancer patients were retrospectively captured from electronic health records. The cohort included 286 (81%) patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer, 17 (5%) with low-grade serous ovarian cancer, and 48 (14%) with other histotypes. Firstly, an overview of the prevalence and spectrum of the BRCA1/2 variants highlighted germline variants in 4% (11/250) and somatic variants in 11% (39/348) of patients. Secondly, application of a multi-gene panel in 168 tumors revealed a total of 214 variants in 28 genes beyond BRCA1/2 with a median of 1 (IQR, 1 to 2) genetic variant per patient. The ten most often altered genes were (in descending order): TP53, BRCA1, PIK3CA, BRCA2, KRAS, TERT promotor, RB1, PIK3R1, PTEN, and ERBB2 (HER2). Of note, the genetic landscape vastly differed between the studied histotypes. Finally, using ESCAT the clinical evidence of utility for every genetic variant was scored. Only BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants were classified as tier-I. Nearly all patients (151/168; 90%) had an ESCAT
tier-II variant, most frequently in TP53 (74%), PIK3CA (9%) and KRAS (7%). In conclusion, our findings imply that although only a small proportion of genetic variants currently have direct impact on ovarian cancer treatment decisions, other variants could help to identify novel (personalized) treatment options to address the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer, particularly in rare histotypes.
AutoCleanDeepFood: Auto-cleaning and Data Balancing Transfer Learning for Regional Gastronomy Food Computing
Authors: Gilal Nauman Ullah , Qaraqe Marwa , Schneider Jens , Agus Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Food computing has emerged as a promising research field, employing artificial intelligence, deep learning, and data science methodologies to enhance various stages of food production pipelines. To this end, the food computing community has compiled a variety of data sets and developed various deep learning architectures to perform automatic classification. However, automated food classification presents a significant challenge, particularly when it comes to local and regional cuisines, which are often underrepresented in available public domain data sets. Nevertheless, obtaining high-quality, well-labeled, and well-balanced real-world labeled images is a challenging task since the manual curation of data requires significant human effort and is time-consuming. In contrast, the web has a potentially unlimited source of food data but tapping into this resource has a good chance of corrupted and wrongly labeled images. In addition, the uneven distribution among food categories may lead to data imbalance problems. All these issues make it challenging to create clean data sets for food from web data. To address this issue, we present AutoCleanDeepFood, a novel end-to-end food computing framework for regional gastronomy that contains the following components: (i) a fully automated pre-processing pipeline for custom data sets creation related to specific regional gastronomy, (ii) a transfer learning-based training paradigm to filter out noisy labels through loss ranking, incorporating a Russian Roulette probabilistic approach to mitigate data imbalance problems, and (iii) a method for deploying the resulting model on smartphones for real-time inferences. We assess the performance of our framework on a novel, web-collected data set and the ETH Food-101 real-world noisy data set. We demonstrate the filtering capabilities of our proposed method through embedding visualization of the feature space using the t-SNE dimension reduction scheme. Our filtering scheme is efficient and effectively improves accuracy in all cases, boosting performance by 0.1% for curated data sets and 0.61% for noisy data set like ETH Food-101. Additionally, we introduce MENA-150, a large-scale image data set that we created from scratch with the proposed framework. MENA-150 features 150 unique traditional dishes from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
My virtual home: Needs of patients in palliative cancer care and content effects of individualized virtual reality – a mixed methods study protocol
Authors: Gerlach Christina , Greinacher Anja , Alt-Epping Bernd , Wrzus Cornelia 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: The desire to be at home is one of the most important needs of patients with advanced, incurable cancers. However, palliative cancer patients may require inpatient hospital care for medical reasons. Virtual reality (VR) could provide an approximation to the individuals’ home environment. Methods: The project consists of 3 parts. All parts are supported by the patient advisory board. In the 1st part of the project, we interview patients, relatives, and the patient advisory board about their wishes and concerns regarding the project. In the 2nd part of the project, patients are offered to view VR videos of their choice (their home, relatives, others if applicable). Effects and side-effects of the intervention are assessed with validated instruments (MIDOS, MDBF, SSQ, SPES). Diagnosis, treatment adherence, medication, and vegetative functionality is determined from the medical records of the patients. In the 3rd part of the project, the results of the study will be discussed with patients, relatives, health care professionals and the patient advisory board regarding implementation.
Discussion: This study is the first to investigate whether individualized VR videos have additional benefits over generic VR nature videos on symptom relief, well-being, treatment satisfaction, and adherence in patients with palliative cancer care. A strength of the study is that we can incorporate the results of each part of the project into the subsequent project parts. However, the generalizability might be limited as this is a single-centred study.
Trial registration: Registered at German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien; DRKS); registration number: DRKS00032172; registration date: 11/07/2023
Dynamics and concordance alterations of regional brain function indices in vestibular migraine: a restingstate fMRI study
Authors: Xiong Xing , Dai Lingling , Chen Wen , Lu Jiajie , Hu Chunhong , Zhao Hongru , Ke Jun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Prior MRI studies on vestibular migraine (VM) have revealed abnormalities in static regional intrinsic brain activity (iBA) and dynamic functional connectivity between brain regions or networks. However, the temporal variation and concordance of regional iBA measures remain to be explored.
Methods 57 VM patients during the interictal period were compared to 88 healthy controls (HC) in this resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. The dynamics and concordance of regional iBA indices, including amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), were examined by utilizing sliding time-window analysis. Partial correlation analyses were performed between clinical parameters and resting-state fMRI indices in brain areas showing significant group differences.
Results The VM group showed increased ALFF and ReHo dynamics, as well as increased temporal concordance between ALFF and ReHo in the bilateral paracentral lobule and supplementary motor area relative to the HC group. We also found decreased ReHo dynamics in the right temporal pole, and decreased ALFF dynamics in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, bilateral angular gyrus and middle occipital gyrus (MOG) in the VM group compared with the HC group. Moreover, a positive correlation was observed between ALFF dynamics in the left MOG and vertigo disease duration across all VM patients.
Conclusion Temporal dynamics and concordance of regional iBA indices were altered in the motor cortex, cerebellum, occipital and temporoparietal cortex, which may contribute to disrupted multisensory processing and vestibular control in patients with VM. ALFF dynamics in the left MOG may be useful biomarker for evaluating vertigo burden in this disorder.
A Deep Learning approach for Transportation Mode Identification using a transformation of Global Positioning System trajectory data into image representations
Authors: Ribeiro Ricardo , Trifan Alina , Neves António J. R. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Global Positioning System data plays a crucial role in comprehending an individual's life due to its ability to provide geographic positions and timestamps. However, the large amount of spatio-temporal data generated, and the distinct spatial characteristics exhibited by different modes, poses challenges for learning transportation modes from the Global Positioning System trajectories. This paper introduces a novel approach for transportation mode identification by transforming Global Positioning System trajectory data into image representations and employing these images to train a neural network based on Vision Transformers architectures. The proposed method avoids segmenting or changing trajectories and directly extracts a set of features from the Global Positioning System trajectories. By mapping the trajectory features into pixel location generated using a dimensionality reduction technique, images are created for training a deep learning model to predict five transport modes. Experimental results demonstrate the approach effectiveness, achieving a state-of-the-art accuracy of 92.96\% on the Microsoft GeoLife dataset. Moreover, it highlights the differences in the experiments conducted in each study. Additionally, a comparative analysis was performed regarding our proposal, contrasting a machine learning approach and other neural network architectures with this approach. The proposed method offers accurate and reliable transport mode detection applicable in real-world scenarios, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of individual's mobility.