bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination of superficial lymph nodes using ultrasonography and tissue metabolomics coupled with machine learning
Authors: Li Lu , Wang Xinyue , Deng Hongyan , Lu Wenjuan , Zhou Yasu , Ye Xinhua , Li Yong , Wang Jie 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDiagnosing the types of malignant lymphoma could help determine the most suitable treatment, anticipate the probability of recurrence and guide long-term monitoring and follow-up care.MethodsWe evaluated the differences in benign, lymphoma and metastasis superficial lymph nodes using ultrasonography and tissue metabolomics.ResultsOur findings indicated that three ultrasonographic features, blood supply pattern, cortical echo, and cortex elasticity, hold potential in differentiating malignant lymph nodes from benign ones, and the shape and corticomedullary boundary emerged as significant indicators for distinguishing between metastatic and lymphoma groups. Metabolomics revealed the difference in metabolic profiles among lymph nodes. We observed significant increases in many amino acids, organic acids, lipids, and nucleosides in both lymphoma and metastasis groups, compared to the benign group. Specifically, the lymphoma group exhibited higher levels of nucleotides (inosine monophosphate and adenosine diphosphate) as well as glutamic acid, and the metastasis group was characterized by higher levels of carbohydrates, acylcarnitines, glycerophospholipids, and uric acid. Linear discriminant analysis coupled with these metabolites could be used for differentiating lymph nodes, achieving recognition rates ranging from 87.4% to 89.3%, outperforming ultrasonography (63.1% to 75.4%).DiscussionOur findings could contribute to a better understanding of malignant lymph node development and provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
Improper lung volume-dose parameters are risk factors for acute fatal radiation pneumonitis among esophageal cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy: a case-control study
Authors: Jia Ruinuo , Li Liuyan , Liu Xiaoyi , Zhang Junqian , Li Shuoguo , Wang Ziqi , Li Jingxia , Xu Bingyi , Sheng Manxi , Ni Lei , Yang Danni , Gao Shegan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDefinitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (DCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced unresectable esophageal cancer (EC). However, acute fatal radiation pneumonitis (AFRP) is one of the most harmful complications and it is still controversial which factors pose a greater risk.AimThis case-control study aims to investigate the relationship between AFRP and lung volume-dose parameters in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing DCRT.MethodsCases are patients who died of AFRP after DCRT, whereas controls are patients who did not develop RP. Participants were enrolled using the International Classification of Diseases Codes Searching and then verified by medical record review. One-to-three propensity score matching was performed between EC patients undergoing DCRT who died from AFRP and those who did not develop radiation pneumonitis(RP). Prognostic factors were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. The exposure factors were lung volume-dose parameters, including V5, V20, V30, and mean lung dose (MLD). Overall survival was compared between the two groups of patients before and after propensity score matching.Results17 cases were confirmed with AFRP among 568 EC patients were treated with DCRT between June 2008 and June 2013, and 51 cases with no RP matched by PSM method in the control group. The median V5 and MLD values in the case group were significantly higher than the control group: 88.39% versus 65.045% and 17.325 gray (Gy) versus 14.38 Gy, respectively. V5 &gt; 60%, V20 &gt; 25%, and MLD &gt; 15 Gy were identified as independent risk factors for AFRP. V5 &gt; 80% significantly increased the susceptibility to AFRP and predicted worse overall survival.ConclusionV5 &gt; 60%, V20 &gt; 25% and MLD &gt; 15 Gy are key risk factors for AFRP in EC patients undergoing DCRT. Furthermore, V5 &gt; 80% is a strong indicator of mortality risk.
Analysis of risk factors for the development of obesity in preschool children: a logistic model analysis
Authors: Jin Huasheng , Zhou Huihui , Chen Kai 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionObesity, characterized by abnormal fat accumulation, has become a significant global health concern. The prevalence of obesity in preschool children is rising across regions, highlighting the need for a thorough analysis of risk factors and effective interventions to address this growing epidemic. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the main risk factors for the development of obesity in preschool children and explore effective interventions.MethodsWe collected clinical data from 910 preschool children who underwent a physical examination at our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023. Based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, we categorized the children into two groups: the obesity group (149 cases) and the non-obesity group (761 cases). Using univariate analysis and logistic regression modeling, we identified risk factors associated with obesity development.ResultsOut of the 910 children, 149 were diagnosed as obese, representing 16.37% of the total. High birth weight, high parental body mass index (BMI), picky eating habits, preference for meat, frequent consumption of junk food, and binge eating were found to be significant risk factors for obesity in preschool children. Meanwhile, higher parental education levels and longer daily outdoor activity times were considered protective factors against obesity.DiscussionEffective interventions targeting the above risk factors are necessary to minimize the incidence of obesity and promote the healthy development of children.
Stigmatization of people with mental illness – a matter of milieu-specific worldviews? Results from a population-based survey in Germany
Authors: Spahlholz Jenny , Baumann Eva , Speerforck Sven , Sander Christian , Angermeyer Matthias C. , Schomerus Georg 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDespite numerous awareness campaigns and anti-stigma programs, people with mental illness, particularly schizophrenia, are still stigmatized. Although the society is both cause and solution, societal-level conditions, such as society’s customs and policies that legitimize and perpetuate stigmatization is often neglected. We used a milieu approach to investigate how shared social, cultural and political orientations and expectations are associated with manifestations of the mental-illness related stigma.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from 3,042 adults aged ≥18 years from a national vignette-based representative survey on the stigma of mental illness in Germany from 2020. For milieu classification, we used an established population segmentation tool based on values and political preferences. Two stigma measures associated with the stereotype and status loss/discrimination components were assessed (i.e., the Social Distance Scale and a list of well-known stereotypes associated with depression or schizophrenia). Descriptive analyses and one-way ANOVAs with post-hoc pairwise contrasts between milieu groups were used to evaluate agreement on stereotypes and the desire for social distance towards people with depression or schizophrenia.ResultsNegative stereotypes about people with a depression (i.e., beliefs about being weak-willed) and schizophrenia (i.e., beliefs about dangerousness) tended to be more common in milieu groups leaning more toward the authoritarian pole. Milieu groups with a more liberal attitude on the socio-cultural dimension further expressed a lower desire for social distance towards people with depression (p&lt;0.001). However, the extent of differentiation between the milieu groups was less pronounced regarding the desire for social distance towards people with schizophrenia than towards people with depression.ConclusionOur findings suggest that socio-cultural and socioeconomic dimensions of the society can be used for both describing heterogeneous societies and illuminating the underlying social structure of stigma. In addition to making blind spots more visible (i.e., schizophrenia), milieu-specific knowledge could be useful in deciding which intervention components are most appropriate for which milieu groups and how to apply them successfully.
Diagnosis of depression based on facial multimodal data
Authors: Jin Nani , Ye Renjia , Li Peng 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDepression is a serious mental health disease. Traditional scale-based depression diagnosis methods often have problems of strong subjectivity and high misdiagnosis rate, so it is particularly important to develop automatic diagnostic tools based on objective indicators.MethodsThis study proposes a deep learning method that fuses multimodal data to automatically diagnose depression using facial video and audio data. We use spatiotemporal attention module to enhance the extraction of visual features and combine the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and the Long and Short Term Memory (LSTM) to analyze the audio features. Through the multi-modal feature fusion, the model can effectively capture different feature patterns related to depression.ResultsWe conduct extensive experiments on the publicly available clinical dataset, the Extended Distress Analysis Interview Corpus (E-DAIC). The experimental results show that we achieve robust accuracy on the E-DAIC dataset, with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 3.51 in estimating PHQ-8 scores from recorded interviews.DiscussionCompared with existing methods, our model shows excellent performance in multi-modal information fusion, which is suitable for early evaluation of depression.
Best practice portals in health promotion and disease prevention: approaches, definitions, and intervention evaluation criteria
Authors: Piotrowicz Maria , Gajewska Małgorzata , Lewtak Katarzyna , Urban Ewa , Rutyna Anna , Nitsch-Osuch Aneta 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe evaluation of practices is a valuable source of evidence in the context of an evidence-based approach to public health. Best practice portals (BPPs) are promising tools for facilitating access to recommended programmes, monitoring and improving the quality of interventions. There are several such portals in Europe, but there is little work in the scientific literature on the subject. The study aimed to identify and characterise BPPs in health promotion and disease prevention and analyse the approaches, definitions, and criteria for evaluating interventions.MethodsTo identify portals, websites of public health institutions and organisations, the PubMed database and grey literature were searched. The material consisted of elements of each portal’s design, information available on their websites, and collected publications. The study applied a qualitative analysis with a descriptive approach and covered a detailed description of the four selected portals.ResultsAmong the analysed BPPs, three were from the European region, and one was from Canada (pioneer in developing best practice tools). The dates of launching the portals ranged from the year 2003 to 2016. The number of interventions collected in the databases ranged from 120 to 337. Portals were useful, well-designed, and developed tools. BPPs differed in terms of their objectives and roles, adopted standards and criteria for assessing practices, and other operational factors. In each portal, interventions underwent a rigorous and multilevel assessment process conducted by independent experts in the field and based on intervention evaluation criteria. Generally, the analysed catalogues described similar issues, e.g., Selection of the issue addressed by the practice, Description of a particular element of the practice, Theoretical foundation, or Evaluation/Effectiveness. However, we identified both similarities and differences in the adopted terms (names of criteria) and their definitions. It was shown that sometimes the same criterion had different names depending on the catalogue. On the other hand, criteria with identical or similar names could be defined differently within the detailed thematic scope.ConclusionThe similarities and differences presented in this work can serve as a valuable starting point for designing such tools to support practice-based and evidence-based decision-making in health promotion and disease prevention.
Why individuals with trait anger and revenge motivation are more likely to engage in cyberbullying perpetration? The online disinhibition effect
Authors: Ding Jin-liang , Lin Yan , Chen I-Hua 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTrait anger has been identified as a significant risk factor in cyberbullying perpetration; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain underexplored. This study aims to elucidate the connection between trait anger and cyberbullying perpetration among adolescents, with a focus on the mediating role of revenge motivation and the moderating effect of online disinhibition.MethodsA sample of 1,574 Chinese adolescents (46.1% female, mean age 16.89 years, SD = 0.34) participated in the study. Participants completed measures assessing trait anger, revenge motivation, online disinhibition, and cyberbullying perpetration.ResultsRevenge motivation partially mediated the association between trait anger and cyberbullying perpetration. Furthermore, the relationship between revenge motivation and cyberbullying perpetration, as well as the relationship between trait anger and cyberbullying perpetration, were moderated by online disinhibition, with a significant association observed only among adolescents exhibiting higher levels of toxic disinhibition.ConclusionThese findings extend the current understanding of cyberbullying perpetration among adolescents and offer valuable insights for intervention strategies targeting this antisocial online behavior.
Gender and antimicrobial resistance: a conceptual framework for researchers working in livestock systems
Authors: Emdin Fiona , Galiè Alessandra , Moodley Arshnee , Rogers Van Katwyk Susan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTo promote gender mainstreaming in future AMR research projects and policy implementation within livestock and other systems, researchers need to embrace gender-responsive research methodologies. Ignoring gender considerations can lead to unsustainable interventions and exacerbate existing equity gaps. Incorporating gender analysis is crucial for identifying data collection needs and opportunities to develop gender-responsive research programs and policies.ObjectivesWe have developed a conceptual framework and a set of research questions designed to enhance the gender-responsiveness of AMR research in livestock systems.MethodsA narrative review previously identified three key entry points for gender dynamic impacting AMR in agricultural systems: gendered antimicrobial resistance exposure, gendered antimicrobial use and gendered outcomes of antimicrobial resistance infections. This information was then analyzed using a health system gender framework. Combining these insights, we developed a comprehensive list of research questions.ResultsWe developed comprehensive list of gender-related questions. Given the limited understanding of how gender dynamics and norms influence AMR, we have primarily proposed qualitative, exploratory questions. These questions are categorized into two types: integrated and strategic. Integrated questions offer a deeper understanding of gender dynamics and norms in livestock systems with the aim of improving them, while strategic questions focus on gender-related issues in livestock as entry points, highlighting some of the mechanisms behind these gender issues to progress towards gender equality.ConclusionAs gender-analysis in livestock research gains prominence, there is an increasing expectation for AMR researchers to integrate gender considerations into their work. This framework provides a starting point for researchers aiming to enhance gender inclusivity and considerations in AMR research within livestock systems. The next phase of our project will involve applying this framework in the field, where a real-life application will enable its validation and further refinement.
Luteolin Alleviates Inflammation Induced by Staphylococcus aureus in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Attenuating NF-κB and MAPK Activation
Authors: Guo Yingfang , Zhang Jinxin , Yuan Ting , Yang Cheng , Zhou Qingqing , Shaukat Aftab , Deng Ganzhen , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2025

The internalization of S. aureus in bMECs is a major pathogenic mechanism leading to mastitis, causing significant economic losses in the dairy industry. Numerous plants contain Lut, a natural flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, little is known about Lut’s ability to reduce inflammation caused by S. aureus in bMECs. This research aimed to evaluate the mechanism by which Lut reduces S. aureus-induced inflammation in bMECs. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, researchers analyzed the differentially expressed genes in bMECs infected with S. aureus in NCBI GEO (GSE139612) and also analyzed the targets of Lut predicted by various online platforms. These studies identified two overlapping signaling pathways, the NF-κB and the MAPK pathways. We stimulated bMECs with S. aureus for two hours and then added Lut for ten hours, with a total duration of twelve hours. The expression levels of TLR2-MyD88-TRAF6 components, inflammatory cytokines, and protein phosphorylation associated with the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways were then assessed. Based on all of the results, Lut inhibited the generation of inflammatory cytokines in bMECs that were induced by S. aureus through the TLR2, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways. This process might account for the anti-inflammatory properties of Lut.
Safe use of fluoride-containing toothpastes for caries prevention in children
Authors: Khamadeeva A. M. , Popov N. V. , Baimuratova L. R. , Kozupitsa G. S. , Petrukhina I. K. , Sazanova K. N. , Nogina N. V. , Marsykaeva D. R. 
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Following environmental rehabilitation efforts in Chapayevsk, Samara Region, an increase in the prevalence and severity of dental caries has been observed, particularly among preschool-aged children.Objective. To evaluate the safety of fluoride use for preventing dental caries in children.Material and methods. A survey was conducted among 124 parents of children aged 5–6 years attending preschools and 361 adolescents aged 12 and 15 years, using the WHO questionnaire (2013). Responses regarding oral hygiene habits were analyzed. Fluoride ion concentrations were measured in drinking water using the potentiometric method (GOST 4386-89 S.6), in urine according to GOST 8.563-96, and in toothpastes following GOST 7983-2016. The availability and popularity of fluoride-containing toothpastes in pharmacies and supermarkets were also assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.26 (IBM Corporation).Results. Over the past 15 years, the fluoride content in drinking water decreased from 0.78–0.91 mg/L to 0.49– 0.71 mg/L following the city’s environmental rehabilitation efforts, remaining suboptimal for caries prevention. Analysis of fluoride excretion via the kidneys indicated low overall fluoride intake from water, toothpaste, and food. A weak correlation was found between the DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) index and urinary fluoride levels (ρ = 0.35), as well as estimated systemic fluoride levels (ρ = 0.36). These results indicate low fluoride intake, eliminating concerns about toxic effects on health. An analysis of toothpaste preferences showed that the population primarily chooses fluoride-free toothpastes or those with fluoride levels below 1000 ppm. This trend is influenced by the product range available, low adherence to preventive dental care, and misinformation from online sources that often attribute negative effects to fluoridation or raise safety concerns. The actual fluoride content in toothpastes was found to be within acceptable technological limits.
Секвенция VIII Лучано Берио и ее интеллектуальные миры
Authors: Девуцкая С.А. 
Published: January 2025

В статье осуществлен обзор трех аналитических версий Секвенции VIII для скрипки соло Лучано Берио, предложенных в разное время Пьером Булезом, Юджином Монтегю и автором настоящей работы. Отличающиеся методологической самостоятельностью, они призваны показать зависимость содержательного плана произведения от профессиональных ориентиров и культурно-эстетического опыта каждого из исследователей. По мнению автора статьи, поливариантность прочтения дискурсивного текста Секвенции отчасти вызвана комментарием композитора к пьесе, наполненным семантическими «ключами». Независимую от разъяснений Берио трактовку Секвенции предлагает Пьер Булез в лекции «Moderne/Postmoderne», в которой рассматривает эту виртуозную композицию с принципиально иного, структуралистского ракурса. Все три оригинальные теоретические концепции объединяет понятийный аппарат семиотической теории Умберто Эко — друга и единомышленника Лучано Берио.
This article presents an overview of three analytical versions of Luciano Berio’s Sequenza VIII for solo violin, implemented by Pierre Boulez, Eugene Montague and the author of this paper at different times. Distinguished by methodological autonomy, they are intended to show the dependence of the content plan on the professional orientations and aesthetic experience of each researcher. In the author’s opinion, the multivariance of interpretations of the discursive text of the Sequenza is partly due to the composer’s commentary on the piece, which is filled with semantic “keys.” In his lecture “Moderne/Postmoderne,” Pierre Boulez offers an interpretation of the Sequenza independent of Berio’s explanations and explores the virtuoso composition through a fundamentally different, structuralist perspective. All three original theoretical concepts are united by the terms of the semiotic theory of Umberto Eco, a friend and associate of Luciano Berio.
ГЕОЛОГО-ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ВЫДЕЛЕНИЮ И АНАЛИЗУ СЛОЖНОКОМБИНИРОВАННЫХ ЛОВУШЕК (НА ПРИМЕРЕ СУББАССЕЙНА САЛИНА-ДЕЛЬ-ИСТМО В МЕКСИКАНСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ)
Authors: Гареева Л.Ф. , Зарщиков А.А. , Вогнистая Е.Н. , Сианисян С.Э. 
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрена эволюция геолого-геофизических подходов к выделению и анализу «динамических» перспективных объектов по мере накопления материалов и знаний по региону исследования. Анализ проведен на основе данных в пределах нескольких геолого-разведочных блоков, расположенных в суббассейне Салина-дель-Истмо в мексиканском секторе Мексиканского залива. Характерной особенностью «динамических» объектов является то, что формирование всех их элементов нефтегазоносной системы не закончено, находится в «нестационарном» состоянии и требует использования особых подходов при геолого-геофизическом анализе, дальнейшей оценке ресурсной базы и геологических рисков. Предложена эффективная методология выделения и изучения объектов подобного типа для рассматриваемой территории.
The article discusses the evolution of geological and geophysical approaches to identifying and analyzing “dynamic” prospects as materials and knowledge of the study region are accumulated. The analysis is based on data within several exploration blocks located in the Salina del Istmo sub-basin in the Mexican sector of the Gulf of Mexico. A characteristic feature of “dynamic” objects is that the formation of all their elements of the oil and gas bearing system is not complete, is in a “non-stationary” state and requires the use of special approaches in geological and geophysical analysis, further assessment of the resources and geological risks. The effective methodology of identification and study of objects of this type for the territory under consideration is proposed.