bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Work-From-Home Technology Boon and its Consequences
Authors: Davis Morris A , Ghent Andra C , Gregory Jesse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
We study the impact of widespread adoption of work-from-home (WFH) technology using an equilibrium model where people choose where to live, how to allocate their time between working at home and at the office, and how much space to use in production. Motivated by cross-sectional evidence on WFH, we model WFH as a complement to work at the office. Simulations of the model indicate that the pandemic induced a large change to the relative productivity of WFH that substantially increased home prices and will permanently affect incomes, income inequality, and city structure.
Apigenin promotes apoptosis of 4T1 cells through PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway and improves tumor immune microenvironment in vivo
Authors: Zhang Chu , Liao Yupei , Li Tangjia , Zhong Haijing , Shan Luchen , Yu Pei , Xia Chenglai , Xu Lipeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The 2022 US Cancer Statistics show that breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Epidemiology has shown that adding flavonoids to the diet inhibits cancers that arise in particular women, such as cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Although there have been research reports on apigenin (API) and breast cancer, its anti-tumor effect and potential mechanism on breast cancer have not yet been clarified. Therefore, in this study, we used 4T1 cells and a 4T1 xenograft tumor mouse model to investigate the antitumor effect of API on breast cancer and its underlying mechanism. In vitro, we used MTT, transwell, staining, and western blotting to investigate the inhibitory effect of apigenin on 4T1 and the underlying molecular mechanism. In vivo by establishing a xenograft tumor model, using immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to study the inhibitory effect of apigenin on solid breast tumors and its effect on the tumor immune microenvironment. The results showed that API can induce breast cancer cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway and can improve the tumor immune microenvironment in mice with breast tumors, thereby inhibiting the growth of breast cancer. Thus, API may be a promising agent for breast cancer treatment.
Developmental toxicity of pyriproxyfen induces changes in the ultrastructure of neural cells and in the process of skull ossification
Authors: Luckmann Maico Roberto , Ferreira Méllanie Amanda Silva , da Silva Norma Machado , Nazari Evelise Maria 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Some studies relate the use of pyriproxyfen (PPF) in drinking water with damage to embryonic neurodevelopment, including a supposed association with cases of microcephaly. However, the effects on neural cells and skull ossification in embryos remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of PPF on the structure and ultrastructure of brain cells and its influence on the skull ossification process during embryonic development. Chicken embryos, used as an experimental model, were exposed to concentrations of 0.01 and 10 mg/l PPF at E1. The findings demonstrated that PPF led to notable ultrastructural alterations such as reduced cilia and microvilli of ependymal cells and damage to mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, and cell membranes in neural cells. The frequency of changes and the degree of these cell damage between the forebrain and midbrain were similar. PPF induced a reduction in fox3 transcript levels, specific for differentiation of neurons, and a reduction in the NeuN protein content related to mature neurons and dendritic branches. PPF impacted the ossification process of the skull, as evidenced by the increase in the ossified area and the decrease in inter-bone spacing. In conclusion, this study highlights the ability of PPF to affect neurodevelopmental processes by inducing ultrastructural damage to neural cells, concomitant with a reduction in NeuN and fox3 expression. This detrimental impact coupled with deficiencies in skull ossification can prevent the proper growth and development of the brain.
Effect of Huaier granule on prognosis of breast cancer: A single-center propensity score matching retrospective study
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Peng Yuting , Zhang Ge , Lin Huan , Chen Qianjun 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
Huaier granule is an important medicinal fungus extract widely used in cancer treatment. Previous retrospective studies have reported its effectiveness in breast cancer patients, but the imbalanced baseline characteristics of participants could have biased the results. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to examine the efficacy of Huaier granule on the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Methods:
In this single-center cohort study, breast cancer patients diagnosed and treated at the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine between 2009 and 2017 were selected. The data were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups according to whether the patients received Huaier granules. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to eliminate selection bias. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for these groups were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox regression.

Results:
This study included 214 early invasive breast cancer patients, 107 in the Huaier group and 107 in the control group. In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, the 2-year and 5-year DFS rates were significantly different in the Huaier group and control group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.495; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.257–0.953; P = 0.023). The 2-year and 5-year OS rates were also significantly different (HR, 0.308; 95% CI, 0.148–0.644; P = 0.001). On multivariable Cox regression, Huaier granule was associated with improved DFS (HR, 0.440; 95% CI, 0.223–0.868; P = 0.018) and OS (HR, 0.236; 95% CI, 0.103–0.540; P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
In this retrospective study, Huaier granules improved the DFS and OS of early invasive breast cancer patients, providing real-world evidence for further prospective studies on treating breast cancer with Huaier granules.
Assessment of the Oral Health Status of Patients Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Units
Authors: Bozkurt Ramazan , Eşer İsmet 
Published: January 2024

Background
It is important to detect oral health problems early among patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units to establish the diagnosis and consequently allow nurses to plan appropriate oral care practices.

Objectives
The study aimed to assess the oral health status of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units.

Methods
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2021 in the pediatric intensive care units of 3 hospitals. A total of 88 children were included in the study. An intraoral assessment was performed using a tongue depressor and a flashlight, and data were collected using a patient information form and the Oral Assessment Guide (OAG).

Results
The mean OAG score was 8.45 ± 2.876 points. A significant difference was found in the OAG score between the patients 60 months or younger and those 61 months or older (P < .05). The OAG score was significantly associated with the use of diuretics (P < .05) and the frequency of oral care (P < .05). A negative relationship was found between the OAG score and the Glasgow Coma Scale score (P < .05).

Conclusions
The oral health status of the patients worsened as their age increased, and their state of consciousness decreased. Oral care was more frequently applied to the patients who received artificial respiration. The study provides evidence-based data regarding the early detection of the factors threatening oral health and the necessary precautions.
The Arteria Lymphatica and Lymphatic Microperforators: A Dedicated Blood Supply to Collecting Lymphatics and Their Potential Implications in Lymphedema: Anatomical Description
Authors: Bendon Charlotte L. , Hanssen Eric , Nowell Cameron , Karnezis Tara , Shayan Ramin 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Lymphedema is common after lymphatic damage in cancer treatment, with negative impacts on function and quality of life. Evidence suggests that blood vessel microvasculature is sensitive to irradiation and trauma; however, despite knowledge regarding dedicated mural blood supply to arteries and veins (vasa vasorum), equivalent blood vessels supplying lymphatics have not been characterized. We studied collecting lymphatics for dedicated mural blood vessels in our series of 500 lymphaticovenous anastomosis procedures for lymphedema, and equivalent controls.

Methods:
Microscopic images of lymphatics from lymphedema and control patients were analyzed for lymphatic wall vascular density. Collecting lymphatics from 20 patients with lymphedema and 10 control patients were sampled for more detailed analysis (podoplanin immunostaining, light/confocal microscopy, microcomputed tomography, and transmission electron microscopy) to assess lymphatic wall ultrastructure and blood supply.

Results:
Analysis revealed elaborate, dense blood microvessel networks associating with lymphatic walls in lymphedema patients and smaller equivalent vessels in controls. These vasa vasora or “arteria lymphatica” were supplied by regular axial blood vessels, parallel to lymphatic microperforators linking dermal and collecting lymphatics. Lymphatic walls were thicker in lymphedema patients than controls, with immunohistochemistry, computed tomography, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal microscopy characterizing abnormal blood vessels (altered appearance, thickened walls, elastin loss, narrow lumina, and fewer red blood cells) on these lymphatic walls.

Conclusions:
Dedicated blood vessels on lymphatics are significantly altered in lymphedema. A better understanding of the role of these vessels may reveal mechanistic clues into lymphedema pathophysiology and technical aspects of lymphedema microsurgery, and suggest potential novel therapeutic targets.
Tomographic Predictors of Ectasia Development After Keratorefractive Surgery
Authors: Masarwa Dua , Mimouni Michael , Aloni Eyal , Kaiserman Igor 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for postkeratorefractive surgery ectasia in unsuspicious tomographies and to report a new index coined diameter of peak locations (DPLs).

Methods:
All patients who underwent keratorefractive surgery between 2011 and 2018 at Care-Vision Laser Centers, Israel, and later developed ectasia were included. For each ectasia case, 3 matched controls were selected. Demographic and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the interdependence of the variables.

Results:
The retrospective study included 19 ectasia and 58 control eyes. There were no significant differences between the groups in ablation depth (P = 0.73), preoperative spherical equivalent (P = 0.12), percent tissue altered (P = 0.71), residual stromal bed (P = 0.73), and Ectasia Risk Score System (P = 0.60). The anterior and the posterior symmetry index were significantly higher (P < 0.001), and DPL was significantly tighter in the ectasia group (P = 0.01). Binary multiple logistic regression found the symmetry index of the posterior cornea and DPL to be better predictors than age, percent tissue altered, Ectasia Risk Score System, residual stromal bed, and ablation depth.

Conclusions:
A higher posterior symmetry index and a tighter DPL are predictors of ectasia in patients with otherwise normal tomographies. A tight DPL implies a weak area in the cornea, which is thin and slightly bulging, increasing the risk of this area becoming ectatic.
Applications of artificial intelligence-enabled robots and chatbots in ophthalmology: recent advances and future trends
Authors: Madadi Yeganeh , Delsoz Mohammad , Khouri Albert S. , Boland Michael , Grzybowski Andrzej , Yousefi Siamak 
Published: January 2024

Purpose of review
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, and chatbots have brought these technologies to the forefront of medicine, particularly ophthalmology. These technologies have been applied in diagnosis, prognosis, surgical operations, and patient-specific care in ophthalmology. It is thus both timely and pertinent to assess the existing landscape, recent advances, and trajectory of trends of AI, AI-enabled robots, and chatbots in ophthalmology.

Recent findings
Some recent developments have integrated AI enabled robotics with diagnosis, and surgical procedures in ophthalmology. More recently, large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have shown promise in augmenting research capabilities and diagnosing ophthalmic diseases. These developments may portend a new era of doctor-patient-machine collaboration.

Summary
Ophthalmology is undergoing a revolutionary change in research, clinical practice, and surgical interventions. Ophthalmic AI-enabled robotics and chatbot technologies based on LLMs are converging to create a new era of digital ophthalmology. Collectively, these developments portend a future in which conventional ophthalmic knowledge will be seamlessly integrated with AI to improve the patient experience and enhance therapeutic outcomes.
In situ tissue profile of rat trigeminal nerve in trigeminal neuralgia using spatial transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Wei Wenbin , Liu Yuemin , Shen Yifen , Yang Tao , Dong Yabing , Han Zixiang , Wang Yiwen , Liu Zhiyang , Chai Ying , Zhang Mengjie , Wang Hanshao , Shen Hao , Shen Yihang , Chen Minjie 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is the most common neuropathic disorder in the maxillofacial region. The etiology and pathogenesis of TN have not been clearly determined to date, although there are many hypotheses.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to investigate the interactions between different types of cells in TN, particularly the impact and intrinsic mechanism of demyelination on the trigeminal ganglion, and to identify new important target genes and regulatory pathways in TN.

Methods:
TN rat models were prepared by trigeminal root compression, and trigeminal nerve tissues were isolated for spatial transcriptome sequencing. The gene expression matrix was reduced dimensionally by PCA and presented by UMAP. Gene function annotation was analyzed by Metascape. The progression of certain clusters and the developmental pseudotime were analyzed using the Monocle package. Modules of the gene coexpression network between different groups were analyzed based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis and assigned AddModuleScore values. The intercellular communication of genes in these networks via ligand–receptor interactions was analyzed using CellPhoneDB analysis.

Results:
The results suggested that the trigeminal ganglion could affect Schwann cell demyelination and remyelination responses through many ligand–receptor interactions, while the effect of Schwann cells on the trigeminal ganglion was much weaker. Additionally, ferroptosis may be involved in the demyelination of Schwann cells.

Conclusions:
This study provides spatial transcriptomics sequencing data on TN, reveals new markers, and redefines the relationship between the ganglion and myelin sheath, providing a theoretical basis and supporting data for future mechanistic research and drug development.
Reduced Compared With Traditional Schedules for Routine Antenatal Visits: A Systematic Review
Authors: Balk Ethan M. , Danilack Valery A. , Bhuma Monika Reddy , Cao Wangnan , Adam Gaelen P. , Konnyu Kristin J. , Peahl Alex Friedman 
Published: January 2024

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2023;142:8–18)
Preventive care during pregnancy generally involves screening and monitoring of both mother and fetus to minimize negative outcomes for both during pregnancy and childbirth. Previous research has demonstrated improved outcomes associated with high-quality antenatal care but has not established optimal timing or frequency of visits for routine care.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Real-world Functioning in Adult Cochlear-implant Users
Authors: Young Tyler J. , Schneider Kara J. , Moberly Aaron , Tamati Terrin 
Published: January 2024

Hypothesis:
As a result of COVID-19 lockdowns and the associated effects on the auditory-social environments of cochlear-implant (CI) users, we expected that adult CI users would report a decrease in real-world communication abilities, a decrease in social isolation, and a decrease in quality of life (QOL) from pre- to post-pandemic.

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic brought many changes to the environments in which adults with CIs interact and communicate. However, the impact of these changes on CI users’ real-world functioning is not well understood. This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on real-world communication abilities, social isolation, and CI-related QOL in adult CI users.

Methods:
Fourteen adult CI users completed self-report questionnaires assessing communication abilities, social isolation, and CI-related QOL at time points before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Responses at the 2 time points were compared to evaluate changes in CI users’ real-world functioning.

Results:
Adult CI users showed a significant decrease in self-reported communication ability and a nonsignificant decline in CI-related QOL from before to during COVID-19. However, a nonsignificant trend of a decline in social isolation was also observed in adult CI users.

Conclusion:
Findings showed a decrease in self-reported communication abilities and, to a lesser extent, CI-related QOL, suggesting that changes to the auditory-social environment brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic may have negatively impacted communication abilities in real-world, challenging environments. Yet, the potential decrease in social isolation suggests that these changes may have had an overall positive effect on social interaction, potentially with close family and friends in well-controlled environments. Assessing changes in real-world functioning in the same CI users from both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique glimpse into how changes in the auditory-social environment may impact outcomes in adult CI users.
Contribution of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to Prostate Cancer Imaging
Authors: Ergül Nurhan , Çermik Tevfik Fikret , Alçın Göksel , Arslan Esra , Erol Fenercioğlu Özge , Beyhan Ediz , Şahin Rahime , Baloğlu Mehmnet Can , Baykal Koca Sevim , Türkay Rüştü , Yücetaş Uğur 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–targeted PET/CT is a well-established imaging method in prostate cancer (PC) for both staging and restaging, and also for theranostic applications. An alternative imaging method is crucial for 15% PSMA-negative cases. We aimed to investigate the contribution of 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to PC imaging.

Patients and Methods
Thirty-six patients diagnosed with PC were included. Patients underwent both 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging within 1 week. In staging group, primary tumor uptake values were compared, and also correlations were done with histopathological findings, MRI findings, and total PSA levels. In biochemical recurrence group, the uptake values in prostatic region and metastases were evaluated to define the local recurrence or metastatic disease.

Results
In staging group, PSMA PET showed increased uptake in the primary lesion area in 14/27 (52%) patients, whereas 20/27 (74%) patients were positive in FAPI-04 PET. FAPI-04 positivity was found to be quite high, such as 54%, in PSMA-negative patients. A significant difference was observed between ISUP grade 1–3 patients and ISUP grade 4–5 patients in FAPI-04 PET (P = 0.03). Local recurrence was detected in 3 patients, pelvic lymph node metastasis in 1 patient, and sacrum metastasis in 1 patient in biochemical recurrence group, and all of the lesions had more intense uptake in PSMA PET than FAPI-04 PET.

Conclusions
FAPI PET imaging seems to have a potential to contribute PSMA PET imaging with FAPI positivity in more than half of PSMA-negative cases. Also, FAPI-targeted radionuclide therapy may be a promising method in patients resistant to PSMA-targeted therapy.
Multiparametric Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Infection Subjects
Authors: Zhang Jun , Luo Song , Cai Jun , Kong Xiang , Zhang Lingyan , Qi Li , Zhang Long Jiang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To investigate intraindividual cardiac structural and functional changes before and after COVID-19 infection in a previously healthy population with a 3T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 39 unhospitalized patients with COVID-19 were recruited. They participated in our previous study as non-COVID-19 healthy volunteers undergoing baseline CMR examination and were recruited to perform a repeated CMR examination after confirmed COVID-19 infection in December 2022. The CMR parameters were measured and compared between before and after COVID-19 infection with paired t tests. The laboratory measures including myocardial enzymes and inflammatory indicators were also collected when performing repeated CMR.

Results:
The median duration was 393 days from the first to second CMR and 26 days from clinical symptoms onset to the second CMR. Four patients (10.3%, 4/39) had the same late gadolinium enhancement pattern at baseline and repeated CMR and 5 female patients (12.8%, 5/39) had myocardial T2 ratio >2 (2.07 to 2.27) but with normal T2 value in post-COVID-19 CMR. All other CMR parameters were in normal ranges before and after COVID-19 infection. Between before and after the COVID-19 infection, there were no significant differences in cardiac structure, function, and tissue characterization, no matter with or without symptoms (fatigue, chest discomfort, palpitations, shortness of breath, and insomnia/sleep disorders) (all P>0.05). The laboratory measures at repeated CMR were in normal ranges in all participants.

Conclusions:
These intraindividual CMR studies showed unhospitalized patients with COVID-19 with normal myocardial enzymes had no measurable CMR abnormalities, which can help alleviate wide social concerns about COVID-19–related myocarditis.
A Multinational Cohort Study Examining Sex Differences in Excess Risk of Death With Graft Function After Kidney Transplant
Authors: Vinson Amanda Jean , Zhang Xun , Dahhou Mourad , Süsal Caner , Döhler Bernd , Sapir-Pichhadze Ruth , Cardinal Heloise , Melk Anette , Wong Germaine , Francis Anna , Pilmore Helen , Foster Bethany J. 
Published: January 2024

Background.
Kidney transplant recipients show sex differences in excess overall mortality risk that vary by donor sex and recipient age. However, whether the excess risk of death with graft function (DWGF) differs by recipient sex is unknown.

Methods.
In this study, we combined data from 3 of the largest transplant registries worldwide (Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipient, Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, and Collaborative Transplant Study) using individual patient data meta-analysis to compare the excess risk of DWGF between male and female recipients of a first deceased donor kidney transplant (1988–2019), conditional on donor sex and recipient age.

Results.
Among 463 895 individuals examined, when the donor was male, female recipients aged 0 to 12 y experienced a higher excess risk of DWGF than male recipients (relative excess risk 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-2.29); there were no significant differences in other age intervals or at any age when the donor was female. There was no statistically significant between-cohort heterogeneity.

Conclusions.
Given the lack of sex differences in the excess risk of DWGF (other than in prepubertal recipients of a male donor kidney) and the known greater excess overall mortality risk for female recipients compared with male recipients in the setting of a male donor, future study is required to characterize potential sex-specific causes of death after graft loss.