bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of sick leave and unemployment prior to a diagnosis of young onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Damsgaard Line , Pedersen Jacob , Laursen Thomas M. , Nabe‐Nielsen Kirsten , Hendriks Stevie , Jensen‐Dahm Christina , Waldemar Gunhild , Janbek Janet 
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEarly symptoms in young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD) may be misinterpreted, causing delayed diagnosis. This population‐based study aimed to map adverse occupational events preceding YOAD diagnosis as potential prodromal signs.METHODSIn a register‐based, incidence density matched nested case‐control study, we examined unemployment and long‐term sick leave among individuals diagnosed with YOAD in Danish memory clinics between 2016 and 2022 compared to controls over a 13‐year period. Conditional logistic regression produced incidence rate ratios (IRRs).RESULTSThe study included 2434 cases and 12,170 controls. YOAD patients had higher rates of adverse occupational events, particularly long‐term sick leave, starting from 8 years before diagnosis (IRR 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–1.84) and increasing to an IRR of 29.59 (95% CI 18.97–46.13) in the year before diagnosis.DISCUSSIONAdverse occupational events may serve as warning signs of YOAD. Timely diagnosis could facilitate restructuring the remaining working life to accommodate cognitive deficits or in seeking a disability pension.HIGHLIGHTS
This is a retrospective, nested case‐control study of young onset Alzheimer's disease (YOAD).
Unemployment rates rise significantly 5 years before the YOAD diagnosis.
Long‐term sick leave rates rise significantly 8 years before the YOAD diagnosis.
This emphasizes the importance of occupational history in the timely diagnosis of YOAD.
Findings suggest the need for earlier YOAD diagnosis for work–life management.
Modeling Thermal, Mechanical, and Hydrolytic Degradation of PLA During Single‐Screw Extrusion
Authors: Velghe Ineke , Buffel Bart , Vandeginste Veerle , Thielemans Wim , Desplentere Frederik 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMolecular weight decrease caused by thermal, hydrolytic, and mechanical degradation of PLA is a major concern during melt processing. Modeling and predicting degradation is essential to minimize material deterioration and material property changes. Current kinetic degradation models show potential to describe degradation, but they are limited to rheometry and focus on thermal and/or hydrolytic degradation only. There is no model yet that describes degradation during melt processing techniques such as injection molding or extrusion. The aim of this work is to establish a degradation model that predicts the molecular weight decrease of PLA throughout single‐screw extrusion. A combination of experimental extrusion data and numerical simulations is used to establish the model. Subsequently, the model is experimentally validated to check its predictive quality. The results show good similarity between predictions and measurements for multiple process variables. The maximum deviation between both was found to be 5%. Combining experimental data with numerical simulations allows us to describe the extrusion process in an equipment‐independent way, which is essential to use the model for different extruders or dies. Overall, minimizing degradation during processing will avoid the loss of valuable resources, materials, and time, and will result in obtaining high quality products.
Thermo‐Responsive Shape Memory Behavior of Epoxy With Different Combinations of Curing Agents and Filler Materials
Authors: Almezgagi Maha , Güzel Kaya Gülcihan , Deveci Hüseyin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this research, bisphenol F‐based epoxy composites were prepared with two different curing agents (methyl‐5‐norbornene‐2,3‐dicarboxylic anhydride (MNA) and cycloaliphatic polyamine) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a plasticizer. Different amounts of sepiolite and colemanite (1, 3, 5 and 10 wt.%) were used as sustainable fillers. The mechanical and thermal properties, as well as shape memory behavior of the composites were investigated by tensile tests, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and bending tests, respectively. The results showed that the tensile strength of the epoxy increased with increasing filler content. The glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased in the presence of PEG and fillers. The epoxy composites exhibited good shape memory performance. The recovery time of all the composites decreased with increasing temperature. The optimum temperature was found to be at 110°C in the case of the shape memory cycle tests. The recovery values (Rr) of the composites cured with MNA and cycloaliphatic polyamine were 99% and 98%, respectively. Ten consecutive shape memory cycles have been successfully conducted for the epoxy composites including sepiolite.
The Effect of Humidity and the Role of Visual Cues During Feeding on Green/Brown Color Polyphenism in Locusta migratoria
Authors: Hirota Keiryu , Watanabe Ryo , Sugahara Ryohei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe regulation of body color in locusts comprises phase polyphenism, green/brown polyphenism, and homochromy. Humidity was believed to control green/brown color polyphenism in locust species. However, recent findings indicate that humidity has minimal influence on this polyphenism in Schistocerca gregaria nymphs reared in isolation. This study investigated the effects of humidity and visual stimuli on Locusta migratoria nymphs reared in isolation. When L. migratoria nymphs were fed either Bromus catharticus or Dactylis glomerata leaves only during the dark period, the proportions of green nymphs at the 5th instar were comparable. Increased humidity (through addition of moist cotton) induced more green morphs under a 16‐h dark/8‐h light cycle, suggesting that humidity is involved in green/brown polyphenism in L. migratoria. However, these nymphs were not sensitive to humidity regarding this polyphenism under a 23‐h dark/1‐h light cycle, suggesting that sensitivity is related to visual cues. The daily overlap between food availability and light periods for 12 h resulted in a higher proportion of green morphs than a daily overlap for only 4 h, suggesting that such an overlap affects green/brown polyphenism in this species. Although we were unable to assess the effect of the total food availability period on polyphenism in this study, we confirmed that at least (1) humidity and (2) visual cues during feeding are associated with green/brown polyphenism in L. migratoria. These regulations may have ecological significance for this species, allowing them to phenotypically adjust to the seasonal and spatial variation in their environment, increasing their chances of survival.
A New Coumarin‐Based Fluorescent Chemosensor for Selection Detection of Zinc Ions in Aqueous Ethanol
Authors: Yang Wensheng , Yang Wan , Ma Yajun , Yan Long 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, a coumarin‐based Schiff base (1) was designed and synthesized as a Zn2+‐selective fluorescent chemosensor based on the PET mechanism. The structure of compound 1 was characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The fluorescence properties of this chemosensor toward various metal ions were explored by fluorescence and UV–vis spectra. The results indicated that the chemosensor had high selectivity toward Zn2+ over other coexisting metal ions. The binding stoichiometry of 1 toward Zn2+ was determined to be 1:1 by Job's plot. Furthermore, the chemosensor was reversible for Zn2+ in an ethanol/H2O (7:3, V/V) solution by the addition of Na2 EDTA. The above experimental results demonstrate that 1 can be used as a fluorescent chemosensor for the real‐time detection of Zn2+ in biological species and environmental systems.
Chicken‐Derived Single‐Chain Variable Fragments Targeting Monkeypox Virus A29L Protein
Authors: Lee Chi‐Hsin , Wu Chao‐Jung , Chiang Jia‐Yun , Yen Fang‐Yi , Shen Ting‐Jing , Leu Sy‐Jye , Tsai Bor‐Yu , Mao Yan‐Chiao , Andriani Valencia , Wang Wei‐Chu , Thenaka Priskila Cherisca , Chao Yu‐Pin , Yang Yi‐Yuan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMonkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease, has rapidly spread globally, prompting the WHO to declare it a public health emergency. The long incubation period, early symptoms resembling respiratory infections, and diagnostic challenges hinder timely epidemic control and accurate clinical diagnosis. The monkeypox virus (MPXV) encodes the A29L protein, which binds to cellular heparan sulfate to facilitate infection and serves as a target for treatment and diagnostics. Thus, developing effective diagnostic tools and treatments is critically important. In this study, we expressed and purified Escherichia coli‐derived A29L protein, which was used for chicken immunization to generate specific polyclonal IgY antibodies. The results demonstrated a successful elicitation of a humoral immune response. Subsequently, two single‐chain variable fragments (scFv) antibody libraries were constructed using phage display technology, comprising 2.6 × 108 and 3.8 × 108 transformants. After bio‐panning, phage‐based ELISA indicated the enrichment of specific clones. Three scFv‐expressing clones, including cA29LS1, cA29LS5, and cA29LS13, were selected from 13 randomly chosen clones and classified based on nucleotide sequence analysis. Their binding activities were evaluated through ELISA and Western blot, followed by purification for affinity determination via competitive ELISA. Among the selected clones, cA29LS5 demonstrated the highest binding affinity (1.3 × 10⁻⁶ M), followed by cA29LS1 (5.3 × 10⁻⁶ M). Additionally, both IgY and all three clones demonstrated binding activity to cell‐derived and commercially purchased A29L proteins, as confirmed by Western blot and ELISA. Overall, these findings suggested that the IgY and scFv antibodies developed hold promise as potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents against MPXV infections.
Differential Abnormality in Regional Brain Spontaneous Activity and Functional Connectivity in Patients of Non‐Acute Subcortical Stroke With Versus Without Global Cognitive Functional Impairment
Authors: Wang Yao , Liu Wan , Yang Wenjie , Chai Xue , Yu Hao , Ma Hongxia , Liu Li , Rao Jiang , Xu Guangxu , Hu Zhibin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionCognitive impairment after a stroke significantly affects patients' quality of life, yet not all strokes lead to such impairment, and the underlying reasons remain unclear. This study employs resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) to compare subcortical stroke patients with and without cognitive impairment. Our goal is to identify distinct abnormalities in regional brain spontaneous activity and functional connectivity (FC) to better understand the neural basis of post‐stroke cognitive outcomes.MethodsA total of 62 first‐ever non‐acute subcortical stroke patients were classified into post‐stroke with abnormal cognition (PSAC) and with normal cognition (PSNC) groups. Rs‐MRI was utilized to assess regional homogeneity (ReHo) in 32 PSAC, 30 PSNC, and 62 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HC). Then we performed the seed‐based whole‐brain FC analysis based on the ReHo results. A partial correlation analysis examined the relationship between altered ReHo or FC and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores.ResultsIt showed varied activity in cognitive‐related brain regions in both stroke groups compared to HC, such as the right superior frontal gyrus, the right middle temporal gyrus, the right postcentral gyrus, and the left cerebellar lobules. The PSAC group had increased activity in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus as well. Significant differences in activity were also found between PSAC and PSNC groups, with the PSAC group showing decreased activity in the left gyrus rectus (REC) and increased activity in cerebellar lobules. FC analysis revealed decreased connections in the PSAC group, particularly involving the left REC. Activity and FC in left REC and cerebellum also significantly correlated with MoCA scores.ConclusionsThese findings suggest unique patterns of brain activity and connectivity in non‐acute subcortical stroke patients with cognitive impairment, shedding light on potential neural mechanisms underlying post‐stroke cognitive impairment. While the left REC may be a potential neural regulatory stimulus target in clinical applications.
CrysToGraph: A Comprehensive Predictive Model for Crystal Material Properties and the Benchmark
Authors: Wang Hongyi , Sun Ji , Liang Jinzhe , Zhai Li , Tang Zitian , Li Zijian , Zhai Wei , Wang Xusheng , Gao Weihao , Gong Sheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe bonding across the lattice and ordered structures endow crystals with unique symmetry and determine their macroscopic properties. Crystals with unique properties such as low‐dimensional materials, metal‐organic frameworks, and defected crystals, in particular, exhibit different structures from bulk crystals and possess exotic physical properties, making them intriguing subjects for investigation. To accurately predict the physical and chemical properties of crystals, it is crucial to consider long‐range orders. While GNNs excel at capturing the local environment of atoms in crystals, they often face challenges in effectively capturing longe range interactions due to their limited depth. In this paper, we propose CrysToGraph (Crystals with Transformers on Graph), a transformer‐based geometric graph network designed for unconventional crystalline systems, and UnconvBench, a benchmark to evaluate models' predictive performance on multiple categories of crystal materials. CrysToGraph effectively captures short‐range interactions with transformer‐based graph convolution blocks as well as long‐range interactions with graph‐wise transformer blocks. CrysToGraph proves its effectiveness in modelling all types of crystal materials in multiple tasks, and moreover, it outperforms most existing methods, achieving new state‐of‐the‐art results on two benchmarks. This work has the potential to accelerate the development of novel crystal materials in various fields, including the anodes, cathodes, and solid‐state electrolytes.
Electrochemical Stability and Ionic Conductivity of AlF3 Containing Lithium Borate Glasses: Fluorine Effect, Strength or Weakness?
Authors: Yang Xinhao , Muñoz Francisco , Vargas Pamela , Palomar Teresa , Rosero‐Navarro Nataly C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFluorides are commonly regarded as interfacial additives that enhance the electrochemical stability of solid‐state battery electrolytes. In this study, we synthesized lithium borate glassy solid electrolytes and investigated the effect of adding aluminum fluoride (AlF3) on its stability against lithium metal electrodes. Samples maintained their amorphous nature, with up to 9.20 wt.% of fluorine in the glass. Lithium borate glasses, with and without AlF3, demonstrated an excellent electrochemical performance, sustaining a stable lithium voltage profile at current densities from 0.01 to 1 mA cm⁻² at 160°C. Notably, the lithium borate glass with the highest lithium ion content achieved the highest relative ionic conductivity and cycled stably for up to 500 h at current densities of 1 mA cm⁻² at 160°C in symmetric LiǀglassǀLi cells. However, the addition of AlF3 to lithium borate glass significantly compromises its electrochemical stability. In long‐term symmetrical cell tests, the AlF3‐containing lithium borate glass exhibited short‐circuiting under 0.3 mA cm⁻², revealing unexpectedly poor stability. These findings offer valuable insights for evaluating the impact of fluorine incorporation on the performance of solid‐state battery electrolytes.
Prognostic Impact of Oncogenic Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Alterations in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors in a Real‐World Setting
Authors: Demirdjian Levon , Triantos Spyros , Standish Kristopher , Thomas Shibu , Xia Qi , Zhang Jiarui , Greshock Joel , Paone Julie , Sheridan Paige , Pant Shubham , Massard Christophe , Reardon David A. , Loriot Yohann , Schuler Martin , Sweiti Hussein 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSomatic FGFR gene alterations (FGFRalt) may act as oncogenic drivers across several cancers. The prognostic impact of FGFRalt in solid tumors is not fully understood. We assessed the prognostic impact of FGFRalt on overall survival (OS) in a tumor‐agnostic real‐world cohort of patients with advanced solid tumors.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational, comparative cohort analysis that used data from a nationwide de‐identified clinico‐genomic database. Patients were included if they had advanced/metastatic disease, were aged ≥ 18 years at the time of diagnosis, had evidence of genomic testing for FGFRalt, and had initiated first‐line systemic therapy for their cancer. Patients without FGFR alterations (FGFRneg) were matched 3:1 with patients with FGFRalt using a combination of exact matching on tumor type and Mahalanobis‐distance matching on selected clinical confounders. The primary endpoint was OS from time of initiation of first‐line therapy in patients with FGFRalt versus FGFRneg. To further mitigate bias, delayed entry models and covariate‐adjusted stratified Cox models were implemented.ResultsThe final cohort included 1012 patients (253 FGFRalt, 759 FGFRneg), across 30 tumor types. There were no significant differences in real‐world OS from first‐line therapy between FGFRalt and FGFRneg groups (hazard ratio 0.97; p = 0.78). Median OS from initiation of first‐line therapy was 1.13 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92–1.52) and 1.01 years (0.89–1.15) for the FGFRalt and FGFRneg groups, respectively.ConclusionsIn this matched‐cohort real‐world analysis, presence of FGFRalt had no impact on the prognosis of patients with advanced solid tumors receiving standard‐of‐care treatment.
Acceptability of Home‐Based Urine Self‐Collection for Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women Receiving Care at the Arab Community Center for Economic and Social Services in Michigan
Authors: Guetterman Timothy C. , El Khoury Christelle , Tariq Madiha , Aziz Ghada , Alhawli Asraa , Alves Martha L. , Haro Elizabeth , Butcher Emma A. , Vinson Alexandra H. , Harper Diane M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMichigan's Middle Eastern‐North African (MENA) community is an essential and growing part of the state's population. However, MENA individuals are underrepresented in the research literature due to a lack of recognized demographic categorization. Prior work shows that MENA women face barriers to traditional clinician‐directed cervical cancer screening. This study aims to capture the perspectives of MENA women about home‐based urine cervical cancer screening using HPV kits and to assess whether such methods could positively impact future screening intent.MethodsThrough collaboration with a community partner in southeast Michigan, we recruited MENA women ages 30–65, with 44 completing the study. Participants used urine HPV self‐sampling kits at home and then shared their perspectives through a phone interview. We used an inductive, thematic approach to analyze the interviews, which captured experiences with home‐based self‐sampling, screening preferences, and impact on future screening intent.ResultsParticipants found that urine home‐based self‐sampling was acceptable as a convenient and comfortable way to screen for cervical cancer. Most (80%) preferred self‐sampling over traditional clinician‐directed screening and preferred collecting urine samples at home (73%) rather than in the clinic. Overall, 80% reported that access to urine self‐sampling would positively impact their future screening intent.ConclusionsMENA participants in this study positively received home‐based cervical cancer screening using urine HPV self‐sampling kits. These findings support the clinical implementation of self‐sampling and home‐based cervical cancer screening to increase participation, particularly among those in under‐screened communities.
Al‐Rich Cu/CuOx Catalyst in a CO2‐Reduction Tandem Electrolyzer with CO‐Enriched Gas Feed for Enhanced C2+‐Products Selectivity
Authors: Weidner Jonas , Tchassem Christian N. , Das Debanjan , Zerdoumi Ridha , Lu Guilong , Wang Xin , Muhler Martin , Sikdar Nivedita , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 conversion is an important strategy to produce high‐value carbon‐containing molecules, such as ethylene and ethanol. Despite huge progress in recent years concerning CO2 reduction catalyst development with increased selectivity, high selectivity for C2+ products at high current densities is still a challenge. We report the development and optimization of a new surface Al‐rich Cu/CuOx catalyst with high selectivity for C2+‐products at high current densities of up to −800 mA cm−2. We integrated the corresponding catalyst‐modified gas‐diffusion electrode into a second flow‐through electrolyzer, which was connected to a first flow‐through electrolyzer comprising a highly CO‐selective Ni−Cu dual‐atom N‐doped carbon catalyst. The enrichment of the CO2 stream with CO generated at a current density of −400 mA cm−2 in the first electrolyzer increased the production rate of ethanol formation at the Al‐rich Cu/CuOx catalyst at a current density of −300 mA cm−2 by 28 %, while maintaining the production rate of ethylene. Thereby, the overall yield of C2+‐products obtained by CO2 reduction was significantly increased.
Template‐oriented synthesis of boron/nitrogen‐rich carbon nanoflake superstructure for high‐performance Zn‐ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Jin Chunjiang , Guo Fengjiao , Mi Hongyu , Yang Nianjun , Yang Congcong , Chang Xiaqing , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe rise of Zn‐ion hybrid capacitor (ZHC) has imposed high requirements on carbon cathodes, including reasonable configuration, high specific surface area, multiscale pores, and abundant defects. To achieve this objective, a template‐oriented strategy coupled with multi‐heteroatom modification is proposed to precisely synthesize a three‐dimensional boron/nitrogen‐rich carbon nanoflake‐interconnected micro/nano superstructure, referred to as BNPC. The hierarchically porous framework of BNPC shares short channels for fast Zn2+ transport, increased adsorption‐site accessibility, and structural robustness. Additionally, the boron/nitrogen incorporation effect significantly augments Zn2+ adsorption capability and more distinctive pseudocapacitive nature, notably enhancing Zn‐ion storage and transmission kinetics by performing the dual‐storage mechanism of the electric double‐layer capacitance and Faradaic redox process in BNPC cathode. These merits contribute to a high capacity (143.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1) and excellent rate capability (84.5 mAh g−1 at 30 A g−1) of BNPC‐based aqueous ZHC, and the ZHC still shows an ultrahigh capacity of 108.5 mAh g−1 even under a high BNPC mass loading of 12 mg cm−2. More critically, the BNPC‐based flexible device also sustains notable cyclability over 30,000 cycles and low‐rate self‐discharge of 2.13 mV h−1 along with a preeminent energy output of 117.15 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 163.15 W kg−1, favoring a creditable applicability in modern electronics. In/ex‐situ analysis and theoretical calculations elaborately elucidate the enhanced charge storage mechanism in depth. The findings offer a promising platform for the development of advanced carbon cathodes and corresponding electrochemical devices.