bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclavian Perivascular Approach for Brachial Plexus Blockade in Upper Extremity Surgery
Authors: Bhat Ravindra , Sabapathy S Raja , Shetty Dines Kumar 
Published: October 2023

SummarySubclavian perivascular approach has been attempted for brachial plexus block for upper extremity surgery in 160 consecutive cases. In eight patients the approach could not be used since paraesthesia could not be elicited. Twelve patients needed peripheral nerve block supplementation. Four patients needed general anaesthesia with an overall success rate of 85 per cent. There were no complications attributable to the technique. This is our anaesthetic technique of choice for upper extremity surgeries.
Role of Immunological Monitoring in Burns Patients
Authors: Prasanna Mita , Singh Kuldeep , Nagesh S A 
Published: October 2023

SummaryThe immunological parameters of 30 patients admitted within 6 hours of burns injury were compared with those of controls. Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), complements (C3 & C4) and proteins (total & albumin) were estimated on admission and two weeks later in surviving patients. The aim of this prospective study was to find out the clinical importance of immunological monitoring in burns patients. It was observed that the initial fall and rebound increase in C3 and C4 levels were found to be highly significant.We conclude that IgA, IgG, C3 and C4 monitoring can help in predicting prognosis of burns patients. Base on the immunological parameters initially in nonsurvivors and two weeks later in surviving patients we can say hypothetically that prophylactic or therapeutic administration of immunoglobulins for their general or specific role could bring hopes for burns patients in future.
Integrating host-country political heterogeneity into MNE–state bargaining: insights from international political economy
Authors: Bhaumik Sumon Kumar , Estrin Saul , Narula Rajneesh 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe international business (IB) literature has emphasised the heterogeneity of firm strategies in shaping MNE–state bargaining, but largely ignored the heterogeneity of states. In contrast, the international political economy (IPE) literature provides a more nuanced consideration of state strategies and their economic and political priorities. We seek to address this oversight by making two related contributions. In the context of MNE–state bargaining, we first discuss how differences in political systems and the political and economic objectives of states may affect their negotiating stance with MNEs. We consider the impact of changes in the balance of state objectives by considering how much importance governments assign to improving the welfare of its broader population, relative to how important they are concerned with the “private benefits” that accrue to the political elites. This enables us to add micro-foundations to the characterisation of the state. Second, we apply a Nash bargaining framework to MNE–state negotiations that vividly captures the relative bargaining powers of the MNE and the state, including how “outside options” available to these two actors can influence the shape of actual bargains. We discuss the implications of these two contributions for future research.
Internet use and technical efficiency of grain production in China: a bias-corrected stochastic frontier model
Authors: Fu Yangqi , Zhu Yuchun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInternet technology has unique advantages, such as rich information, rapid dissemination, and overcoming spatial limitations. It is considered an effective approach to promote agricultural technology application and enhance agricultural technical efficiency. However, it is still unclear how Internet use affects the technical efficiency of smallholders in grain production. Based on the grain production data of 1699 smallholders in China, this study uses the bias-corrected stochastic production frontier and propensity score matching to obtain an unbiased estimate of the impact of Internet use on technical efficiency and examines its channels of action. The empirical results indicate that the decision of households to use the Internet is influenced by the individual characteristics of the household head, household characteristics, and village characteristics. The age of the household head has a significant negative impact on Internet use, while the education level and health status of the household head, household income and size, and the topography of the village have significant positive effects on Internet use. We also find that Internet use has a statistically significant positive effect on technical efficiency, and the selection bias leads us to underestimate this effect. Furthermore, we verified the channels of Internet use affect technical efficiency by alleviating financial constraints, broadening social capital, and improving the level of mechanization. Therefore, policymakers must strengthen the construction of Internet infrastructure in rural areas and improve the Internet penetration rate in rural areas. Furthermore, policymakers can establish technical training centers to help farmers learn Internet technology and new agricultural production techniques. Lastly, policymakers can collaborate with banks, research institutions, cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, and other entities to develop diverse policy measures that provide farmers with financial support, technology assistance, and production services.
A 1.25-GHz multi-amplitude modulator driver in 0.18 μm SiGe BiCOMOS technology for high speed quantum key distribution
Authors: Chen Zhao-Yuan , Zhu Chen-Xi , Huang Zhi-Sheng , Li Yang , Wang Xin-Zhe , Liang Fu-Tian , Jin Ge , Cai Wen-Qi , Liao Sheng-Kai , Peng Cheng-Zhi 
Published: October 2023

Quantum key distribution (QKD) research has yielded highly fruitful results and is currently undergoing an industrialization transformation. In QKD systems, electro-optic modulators are typically employed to prepare the required quantum states. While various QKD systems operating at GHz repetition frequency have demonstrated exceptional performance, they predominantly rely on instruments or printed circuit boards to fulfill the driving circuit function of the electro-optic modulator. Consequently, these systems tend to be complex with low integration levels. To address this challenge, we have introduced a modulator driver integrated circuit in 0.18 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The circuit can generate multiple-level driving signals with a clock frequency of 1.25 GHz and a rising edge of ∼50 ps. Each voltage amplitude can be independently adjusted, ensuring the precise preparation of quantum states. The measured signal-to-noise ratio was more than 17 dB, resulting in a low quantum bit error rate of 0.24% in our polarization-encoding system. This work will contribute to the advancement of QKD system integration and promote the industrialization process in this field.
Are metaphorical classes essentially abstract?
Authors: Khatin-Zadeh Omid , Eskandari Zahra , Reali Florencia , Banaruee Hassan , Marmolejo-Ramos Fernando 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article compares abstract concepts and metaphorical classes in order to emphasize the abstract nature of
metaphorical classes. Sam Glucksberg (2003) used the expression “abstract superordinate
categories” to refer to metaphorical classes. Drawing on this proposal and George Lakoff &
Mark Johnson’s (1980) conceptual metaphor theory, this article suggests that metaphorical classes and abstract concepts
share three essential features: (1) members of abstract concepts and metaphorical classes are highly diverse and heterogeneous;
(2) both metaphorical classes and abstract concepts are highly reliant on situations and culture; (3) both metaphorical classes
and abstract concepts are reliant on semantic associations and external concepts rather than intrinsic properties. Therefore, it
may be claimed that metaphorical classes are a special group of abstract concepts with a special type of behavior.
Investigating pan-Romance prepositional adverbials
Authors: Wissner Inka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Complex adverbials built with the pattern ‘Preposition + Adjective (PA)’ such as Portuguese em
especial ‘especially’ or Romanian de sigur ‘for sure’ display a remarkable frequency and pan-Romance
consistency. Nevertheless, this pattern has been largely neglected by research. The ‘Third Way’ project intends to fill this gap,
arguing that PAs are a relevant third way of constructing adverbials, aside with short adverbs and adverbs in
-mente. It subjects prepositional adverbials to a historico-varietal analysis in a comparative pan-Romance
approach to trace their trajectory from Latin up to now. This article presents an enquiry design for field research that allows
examining the adverbials’ current usage and ongoing change in substandard varieties of all major Romance languages. The results
are meant to help reconstruct the diachrony of PAs in Romance, especially in view of the spoken vernacular tradition.
Ultra-wideband and wide-angle RCS reduction of a concave structure based on a chessboard polarization conversion metasurfaces
Authors: He Qingting , Chen Haiyan , Liu Qian , Yao Xin , Li Fengxia , Liang Difei , Xie Jianliang , Deng Longjiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this paper, ultra-wideband and wide-angle radar cross section (RCS) reduction of a concave structure is designed and realized based on a chessboard polarization conversion metasurface (CPCM), employing an ultra-wideband polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) composed of a single layer of square split-ring resonators. The concave structure, which is equivalent to an octagonal-like prism, is divided into eight regions. To achieve perfect phase cancellation in the non-central region, it can be equivalent to oblique incidence when the central region is under normal incidence, and phase compensation of the unit cell of metasurfaces in the non-central region is considered. The simulated results demonstrate that the RCS reduction of the proposed concave structure is less than −10 dB in the frequency ranges of 8.8 GHz to 35.75 GHz with fractional bandwidths of 120.99% and exceeds −30 dB at numerous resonant frequencies such as 9.52 GHz, 13.89 GHz, 23.45 GHz, and 35.2 GHz under normal incidence. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulations. Furthermore, the RCS reduction characteristics of the proposed concave structure at different azimuth angles are also evaluated. Numerical calculations and experiments show that the wide-angle RCS reduction from 0° to 34° is achieved. To the best of the information we have, this is the first time that the chessboard metasurfaces, which consist of several polarizing reflectors, have been employed to obtain broadband and wide-angle RCS reduction for the concave structure. This technique validates the novelty and effectiveness of wide-angle and ultra-wideband RCS reduction of the concave structure.
Novel imbalanced subdomain adaption multiscale convolutional network for cross-domain unsupervised fault diagnosis of rolling bearings
Authors: Huo Tianlong , Deng Linfeng , Zhang Bo , Gong Jun , Hu Baoquan , Zhao Rongzhen , Liu Zheng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Data on the vibration signals collected from rolling bearings mostly belongs to health conditions, leading to an imbalanced data distribution. In addition, frequent switching of operating conditions results in unlabeled data collected under a specific working condition. This paper proposes a novel network for cross-domain unsupervised fault diagnosis of rolling bearings considering the imbalanced data to address these challenges. First, a multiscale parallel features extraction is developed, which can fully mine the rich high-level feature representation of various fault types from the original data and has a high value for fault identification. Second, a squeeze-and-excitation attention mechanism is constructed to enhance features conducive to model classification and suppress redundant features. Finally, a new loss function is proposed to optimize the model, which can accurately classify imbalanced source domain and easily align related subdomains of two domains. The proposed method was validated on multiple unsupervised cross-domain diagnostic tasks on two bearing datasets. Experimental results manifest that the proposed method has stable generalization performance and excellent robustness.
Remaining useful life prediction of lithium battery based on ACNN-Mogrifier LSTM-MMD
Authors: Li Zihan , Li Ai , Bai Fang , Zuo Hongfu , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium batteries is crucial for predicting battery failure and health management. Accurately estimating the RUL allows for timely maintenance and replacement of batteries that pose safety risks. To enhance the safety and reliability of lithium battery operations, this paper proposes a lithium battery life prediction model, attention mechanism-convolutional neural network (ACNN)-Mogrifier long and short-term memory network (LSTM)-maximum mean discrepancy (MMD), based on ACNN, Mogrifier LSTM, and MMD Feature Transfer Learning. Firstly, the capacity degradation data from historical life experiments of lithium batteries in both source and target domains are extracted. The whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is employed to optimize the parameters of variational modal decomposition, enabling the decomposition of the historical capacity degradation data into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) components. Secondly, highly correlated IMF components are identified using the Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson) to reconstruct the capacity sequence, which characterizes the capacity degradation information of the lithium batteries. These reconstructed sequences are inputs to the ACNN model to extract features from the capacity degradation data. The extracted features are then utilized to compute MMD values, quantifying the distribution differences between the two domains. The Mogrifier LSTM neural network estimates the capacity values of the source and target domains and calculates the loss functions by comparing them to the actual capacity values. These loss functions, along with the computed MMD values, are combined to obtain the combined loss function of the model. Finally, the ACNN-Mogrifier LSTM-MMD is applied to the target domain data to formulate the lithium battery RUL prediction model. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using CACLE and NASA lithium battery datasets, The experimental results demonstrate that the predicted error of the RUL for the B5 battery is less than 6% for mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and less than 1 for

RU

L

Error

. Similarly, the RUL prediction error for the B6 battery is below 10% for MAPE and less than 1 for

RU

L

Error

. This indicates higher accuracy compared to other prediction methods, along with improved robustness and practicality.
High energy density flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors with conductive cotton fabric constructed by rGO/CNT/PPy nanocomposite
Authors: Li Changwang , Hao Huilian , Liang Jiayu , Zhao Bowang , Guo Zefei , Liu Gengzheng , Li Wenyao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Fiber-shaped energy-storage devices for high energy and power density are crucial to power wearable electronics. In this work, reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotubes/polypyrrole (GCP-op) cotton fabric with the optimal performance is prepared via a facile and cost-effective dipping-drying together with chemical polymerization approach. The structural characterizations confirm that the GCP-op cotton fabric has been successfully attached with numerous nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, which can serve as a channel for electronical transfer. And GCP-op cotton fabric electrode displays admirable areal specific capacitance with 8397 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2. By combining GCP-op cathode with zinc anode, a GCP-op//PAM/ZnCl2//Zn flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor (FZHSC) is produced with 2 M polyacrylamide/ZnCl2 (PAM/ZnCl2) hydrogel as the gel electrolyte. The FZHSC has superior cycle stability of 88.2%, outstanding energy density of up to 158 μWh cm−2 and power density at 0.5 mW cm−2. The remarkable performance proves that PPy-based material can provide more options for design and fabricate high energy flexible Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors.
Rapid preparation of high efficiency hydrogen evolution catalyst with hydrophilicity
Authors: Wei Kuo , Pang Shanshan , Meng Ying , Feng Lingling , Wang Yuanzhe , Zhou Junshuang , Hu Hao , Song Yanli , Gao Faming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The electrolytic water method is an outstanding hydrogen production process because of its high stability and no restriction. A low-priced and efficient catalyst for electro-deposition of Ni–Co microspheres and nanoclusters on carbon steel (Ni–Co/CS) has been prepared by the dynamic hydrogen bubble template. In the 6 M KOH solution, Ni–Co/CS only requires an overpotential of 48 mV to provide a current density of 50 mA cm−2. At the same time, it also has a large electrochemically active specific surface area (ECSA) and a hydrophilic surface. In addition, the study about the influence of carbon steel (CS) on Ni–Co coatings and the comparison experiment for different base materials has been completed. The results prove that CS is an excellent base material for hydrogen production. It can help the Ni–Co catalyst to have a stable electrolysis in 6 M KOH for 500 h. The above properties of Ni–Co/CS catalyst make it a new choice of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water in practical applications.
Surface oxidation of commercial activated carbon with enriching carboxyl groups for high-yield electrocatalytic H2O2 production
Authors: Wang Meilin , Li Yaoxin , Xu Jiaoxing , Guan Lunhui 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) for H2O2 production is regarded as a more ecologically friendly substitute to the anthraquinone method. However, the search of selective and cheap catalysts is still challenging. Herein, we developed a neutral-selective and efficient nonprecious electrocatalyst that was prepared from a commercial activated carbon (AC) by simply microwave-assisted ash impurity elimination and hydrogen peroxide oxidation for surface functional sites optimization. The oxygen configuration can be tuned with enriching carboxyl group up to 6.65 at.% by the dosage of hydrogen peroxide (mass ratio of H2O2/C = ∼0–8.3). Chemical titration experiments identified the carbonyl groups as the most potential active sites, with selectivity boosted by the additional carboxyl groups. The microwave-assisted moderate-oxidized activated carbon (MW-AC5.0) demonstrated optimal 2e− ORR activity and selectivity in neutral electrolyte (0.1 M K2SO4), with H2O2 selectivity reaching ∼75%–97%, a maximum H2O2 production rate (1.90 mol·gcatal
−1·h−1@0.1 V) and satisfying faradaic efficiency (∼85%) in gas-diffusion-electrode. When coupled with Fenton reaction, it can degrade a model organic pollutant (methylene blue [MB], 50 ppm) to colorless in a short time of 20 min, indicating the potential applications in the environmental remediation.
Broadband high-performance vertical WS1.08Se0.92/Si heterojunction photodetector with MXene electrode
Authors: Xiong Yuexu , Chen Taihong , Feng Wenlin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Vertical semiconductor van der Waals heterojunctions are essential for fabricating high-performance photodetectors. However, the range of the spectral response and defect states of semiconductor materials are two critical factors affecting the performance of photodetectors. In this work, the spectral response range of WS2 was changed through WS2 band gap regulation, and a self-powered vertical WS1.08Se0.92/Si heterojunction photodetector with MXene electrode was prepared by synthesizing WS1.08Se0.92 film on Si substrate and vertically stacking Ti3C2T
x
MXene on the film. Due to the electron collection of MXene and the wonderful junction quality of WS1.08Se0.92/Si, the photodetector can detect near-infrared light in the range of 980–1310 nm, which exceed the detection limit of WS1.08Se0.92. And the device had high sensitivity in the broadband. The responsivity was 4.58 A W−1, the specific detectivity was 4.58 × 1011 Jones, the on/off ratio was 4.95 × 103, and the fast response time was 9.81/9.03 μs. These properties are superior to previously reported WS2-based photodetectors. Vertical structure, Energy band tuning, and MXene electrode provide a new idea for preparing broadband high-performance and self-powered photodetector.
Bubble cloud characteristics and ablation efficiency in dual-frequency intrinsic threshold histotripsy
Authors: Edsall Connor , Huynh Laura , Hall Timothy L , Vlaisavljevich Eli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Histotripsy is a non-thermal focused ultrasound ablation method that destroys tissue through the generation and activity of acoustic cavitation bubble clouds. Intrinsic threshold histotripsy uses single-cycle pulses to generate bubble clouds when the dominant negative pressure phase exceeds an intrinsic threshold of ∼25–30 MPa. The ablation efficiency is dependent upon the size and density of bubbles within the bubble cloud. This work investigates the effects of dual-frequency pulsing schemes on the bubble cloud behavior and ablation efficiency in intrinsic threshold histotripsy. A modular 500 kHz:3 MHz histotripsy transducer treated agarose phantoms using dual-frequency histotripsy pulses with a 1:1 pressure ratio from 500 kHz and 3 MHz frequency elements and varying arrival times for the 3 MHz pulse relative to the arrival of the 500 kHz pulse (−100 ns, 0 ns, and +100 ns). High-speed optical imaging captured cavitation effects to characterize bubble cloud and individual bubble dynamics. The effects of dual-frequency pulsing on lesion formation and ablation efficiency were also investigated in red blood cell (RBC) phantoms. Results showed that the single bubble and bubble cloud size for dual-frequency cases were intermediate to published results for the component single-frequencies of 500 kHz and 3 MHz. Additionally, bubble cloud size and dynamics were shown to be altered by the arrival time of the 3 MHz pulse with respect to the 500 kHz pulse, with more uniform cloud expansion and collapse observed for early (−100 ns) arrival. Finally, RBC phantom experiments showed that dual-frequency exposures were capable of generating precise lesions with smaller areas and higher ablation efficiencies than previously published results for 500 kHz or 3 MHz. Overall, results demonstrate dual-frequency histotripsy’s ability to modulate bubble cloud size and dynamics can be leveraged to produce precise lesions at higher ablation efficiencies than previously observed for single-frequency pulsing.