bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Effect of Corpus‐Based Writing Instruction on Learner‐Corpus Interaction in L2 Revision: A Study of Chinese EFL Disciplinary Writers
Authors: Qiu Xixin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe use of academic corpora in second language (L2) writing pedagogy has gained popularity in recent decades, particularly in genre‐specific contexts for graduate‐level L2 students (Charles, 2007; Lee & Swales, 2006). However, its overall effectiveness is mainly observed within classroom contexts, influenced by various contextual and participant‐related factors (Vyatkina & Boulton, 2017). Moreover, these investigations have predominantly relied on retrospective data useful for understanding learners' perception of corpus‐analysis experiences, but not for how learners strategically integrate corpora into personal toolkits for self‐directed writing tasks. Addressing these gaps, this study tracks five Chinese EFL graduate students' corpus use through a 5‐week concept‐ and corpus‐based tutoring intervention and investigates how they navigated a discipline‐specific corpus alongside other digital resources during post‐intervention self‐directed revisions. By triangulating screen recordings with retrospective data (questionnaires, interviews, draft revisions, and stimulated recalls), the results showed that while participants were generally favorable toward the specialized corpus and its complementary role to personal toolkits, individual problem‐solving patterns in revision revealed less overall reliance on the corpus and its effectiveness primarily in addressing known linguistic problems. Implications for a relational understanding of digital tools support and the integration of other pedagogical activities in L2 writing instruction are discussed.
Social Welfare ‘Schemes’ to an Economic Security ‘System’
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter synthesizes our arguments with a discussion on how to re-organize the ideas and praxis of social welfare policy in India with a perspective into the future. We argue that fostering development resilience—as the scope of social welfare programs—requires a stronger citizen-state social contract, a pact which recognizes human deprivation not only as material poverty but also along multiple dimensions of well-being. Social welfare programs, therefore, must be thought of as multiple forms of support—with a focus on deprivations along the life-cycle—which together comprise a risk absorbing social welfare ‘system.’ The ability to foster a resilient development process in the future would require this system to be complemented with strong public systems—infrastructure and citizen empowerment—which enable citizens to attain their human capabilities once the risks are taken care of. Building such a welfare system would not only require greater fiscal space—through tax revenues, resources, and rationalization of subsidies—and strengthened state capacity to improve last-mile delivery, but also a prescient understanding of the newer risks and vulnerabilities in the context of rapid economic and social change.
India’s Economic Development and Social Safety Nets
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFood transfers, employment generation through public works programs, supplemental nutritional assistance to pregnant mother and infant children, old age pensions, and school meals are among the major social safety nets that constitute India’s social welfare architecture. In this chapter, we review these schemes along with some of the newer programs and their performance in the light of India’s developmental trajectory over the past seven decades. We argue that to facilitate a resilient development process in the future, these programs must be attuned to the changing economic and demographic transformation of the economy.
Early Life Interventions for Intergenerational Prosperity
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInvesting in early childhood development is paramount to building development resilience. Children born to poor parents are less likely to be well nourished, finish school, earn less, and live in poverty, and give birth to malnourished children. Early life interventions—in utero, and in childhood—therefore provide a suitable window of opportunity to stem disparities in human development and intergenerational persistence of poverty. Through a range of programs with multiple scope—institutional birth delivery, nutritional assistance for pregnant and lactating mothers, and reducing classroom hunger—and an explicit focus on children and women, Indian government attempts to address inequalities which develop early in life. While these programs have been effective in achieving the purported goals, there is a significant room of improvement to achieve transformational gains. In this chapter, we argue for further strengthening of these programs through better implementation of the program, enhancements in the quality of services offered, greater synergy across programs, and a sustained commitment to improving maternal and child healthcare.
Public Health Insurance: Reducing Poverty or Access to Equitable Health Care?
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTax-financed public health insurance programs are a newer, but increasingly important form of social policy across developing countries, including India. With the scope of stemming the flow of people into poverty, public health insurance focuses on the vulnerable and provides them an avenue to seek quality health care without incurring exorbitant costs. Although enrollment in the program and its effectiveness in reducing out-of-pocket health expenditures remain low, it is expected that the importance of health insurance will increasingly become recognized everywhere. As the demand for health care increases, the key to its effectiveness could reside in the prioritizing of health as an important policy goal—recognizing health as a citizenship “right,” increasing budgetary allocation for health, improving the quality of health care infrastructure, and putting into place effective regulations to check unscrupulous practices by private health care providers—with the scope of equitable access to universal health care and overall improved health outcomes.
Incommensurate Welfare Gains: The Role of Ideas, Institutions, and Interests
Authors: Rahman Andaleeb , Pingali Prabhu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the presence of various social safety net programs, Indian households are not resilient to daily risks and exogenous shocks. To understand the incommensurate success of Indian social welfare programs in improving resilience, we focus on key elements of the policymaking process—ideas, interests, and institutions—in this chapter. We deliberate upon the ideas which motivate social welfare programs, the institutions responsible for delivering welfare benefits, and the political interests which shape program design and effectiveness in the country. Building upon arguments around policymaking process and the implementational hurdles, we highlight the importance of citizen-state social contract, local institutions, subnational politics, civil society activism, and state capacity in shaping the focus, form, and scope of social welfare policies.
Einleitung: Kulturproduktion als Zentrum gegenwärtiger Gesellschaften
Authors: Schwegler Guy 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel führt in die Perspektive der Arbeit ein, indem es eine doppelte Ausgangslage vorstellt: einerseits die Kulturalisierung der Gesellschaften und andererseits ihre Verwissenschaftlichung, insbesondere durch die Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften. Die Rolle dieser Disziplinen, so die Grundthese, ermöglicht es, die aktuelle Bedeutung der Kulturproduktion zu verstehen. Dementsprechend werden einige Betrachtungsweisen der Verwendung soziologischen Wissens in der Gesellschaft vorgestellt, bevor die Perspektive der Arbeit erläutert wird. Diese zielt auf die Performativität kultur- und sozialwissenschaftlicher Theorien.
Performativität und Valorisierung: Wertigkeitskonstruktion durch Theorien
Authors: Schwegler Guy 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird die umfassende theoretische Perspektive der Arbeit in Bezug auf Performativität dargestellt. Nach der Einführung des entsprechenden wirtschaftssoziologischen Konzepts kann die Perspektive auf die kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliche Theorien übertragen werden, woraus ein Modell performativer Effekte resultiert. Die Betrachtung von Valorisierungsprozessen verdeutlicht dann, dass im gegenwärtigen Kulturkapitalismus Theorien eine „Berechenbarkeit“ ermöglichen. Abschließend zeigt das Kapitel in drei Bereichen, wie kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliches Wissen diffundiert. Damit wird noch einmal deutlich, dass die Performativität dieser Disziplinen als ein weitreichendes Phänomen zu betrachten ist.
Die Veränderung der Kulturproduktion
Authors: Schwegler Guy 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der empirischen Arbeit anhand von drei Situationen dargestellt. Die Situation der Intermediation verdeutlicht zunächst, warum es für die Akteur*innen grundsätzlich Sinn macht, kultur- und sozialwissenschaftliche Theorien zu verwenden. Anhand der Situation der Verwendung wird im Detail erläutert, wie die Kulturproduktion durch performative Effekte verändert wird. Die letzte Situation gibt einen Überblick über die umfassenderen neuen Prozesse, die mit der Performativität in den sozialen Welten entstehen. Diese Ausführungen werden vor allem anhand eines zentralen empirischen Beispiels dargestellt: der experimentellen elektronischen Musik. Diese Kulturwelt wird ganz zu Beginn des Kapitels über eine feldtheoretische Perspektive eingeführt. Anschließend ermöglichen drei Exkurse innerhalb der Unterkapitel zu den Situationen weitere Einblicke: So wird auch am Beispiel von Design, Informatik und Tanz erläutert, wie sich die Performativität der Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften äußert.
Fazit: Änderungen in den Wertigkeiten von Kulturproduktion
Authors: Schwegler Guy 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Fazit leistet einerseits eine Systematisierung der erarbeiteten Konzeptualisierungen zur Performativität der Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften. Andererseits wird eine dadurch eröffnete Kritik formuliert. Die Systematisierung erfolgt zuerst im Sinne einer gesellschaftstheoretischen Diagnose, die verschiedene Aspekte miteinander in Beziehung setzt, anhand derer die Verwendung der Theorien in der gegenwärtigen Kulturproduktion nachvollzogen werden kann. Anschließend wird eine Systematisierung der konkreten performativen Effekte im Rahmen eines Modells vorgestellt. Den Abschluss bildet die kritische Diskussion der Bedeutung gegenwärtiger Kulturproduktion vor dem Hintergrund der Rolle der Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften.
Fazit
Authors: Merten Moritz 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungZum Abschluss der Arbeit wird im siebten Kapitel ein übergreifendes Fazit gezogen. Zentrale Erkenntnisse werden noch einmal zusammengefasst und mit Bezug auf die Forschungsfragen diskutiert. Dabei wird auch der Mehrwert der Ergebnisse für die Diskussion um die Sozialisationsbedingungen in einer zunehmend segregierten Stadt herausgearbeitet. Die aufgestellten Hypothesen und angewandten Methoden werden im Hinblick auf notwendige zukünftige Forschung zum räumlichen Freizeitverhalten reflektiert.
A principle of maximum ignorance for semiclassical gravity
Authors: de Boer Jan , Liska Diego , Post Boris , Sasieta Martin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The principle of maximum ignorance posits that the coarse-grained description of a system is maximally agnostic about its underlying microscopic structure. We briefly review this principle for random matrix theory and for the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. We then apply this principle in holography to construct ensembles of random mixed states. This leads to an ensemble of microstates which models our microscopic ignorance, and which on average reproduces the effective semiclassical physics of a given bulk state. We call this ensemble the state-averaging ansatz. The output of our model is a prediction for semiclassical contributions to variances and higher statistical moments over the ensemble of microstates. The statistical moments provide coarse-grained — yet gravitationally non-perturbative — information about the microstructure of the individual states of the ensemble. We show that these contributions exactly match the on-shell action of known wormhole configurations of the gravitational path integral. These results strengthen the view that wormholes simply parametrize the ignorance of the microstructure of a fundamental state, given a fixed semiclassical bulk description.
Cardiovascular responses of adult male Sprague–Dawley rats following acute organophosphate intoxication and post-exposure treatment with midazolam with or without allopregnanolone
Authors: Pan Shiyue , Bruun Donald A. , Lein Pamela J. , Chen Chao-Yin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent experimental evidence suggests combined treatment with midazolam and allopregnanolone is more effective than midazolam alone in terminating seizures triggered by acute organophosphate (OP) intoxication. However, there are concerns that combined midazolam and allopregnanolone increases risk of adverse cardiovascular events. To address this, we used telemetry devices to record cardiovascular responses in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats acutely intoxicated with diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Animals were administered DFP (4 mg/kg, sc), followed immediately by atropine (2 mg/kg, i.m.) and 2-PAM (25 mg/kg, i.m.). At 40 min post-exposure, a subset of animals received midazolam (0.65 mg/kg, im); at 50 min, these rats received a second dose of midazolam or allopregnanolone (12 mg/kg, im). DFP significantly increased blood pressure by ~ 80 mmHg and pulse pressure by ~ 34 mmHg that peaked within 12 min. DFP also increased core temperature by ~ 3.5 °C and heart rate by ~ 250 bpm that peaked at ~ 2 h. Heart rate variability (HRV), an index of autonomic function, was reduced by ~ 80%. All acute (within 15 min of exposure) and two-thirds of delayed (hours after exposure) mortalities were associated with non-ventricular cardiac events within 10 min of cardiovascular collapse, suggesting that non-ventricular events should be closely monitored in OP-poisoned patients. Compared to rats that survived DFP intoxication without treatment, midazolam significantly improved recovery of cardiovascular parameters and HRV, an effect enhanced by allopregnanolone. These data demonstrate that midazolam improved recovery of cardiovascular and autonomic function and that the combination of midazolam and allopregnanolone may be a better therapeutic strategy than midazolam alone.
Cleavage of natural rubber by rubber oxygenases in Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Prakash Tulika , Yadav Sandhya R. , Bürger Marius , Jendrossek Dieter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bacterial degradation of natural rubber (NR) in an oxic environment is initiated by oxidative cleavage of double bonds in the NR-carbon backbone and is catalyzed by extracellular haem-containing rubber oxygenases. NR-cleavage products of sufficiently low molecular mass are taken up by the cells and metabolized for energy and biomass formation. Gram-negative and Gram-positive NR-degrading bacteria (usually) employ different types of rubber oxygenases such as RoxA and/or RoxB (most Gram-negative NR-degraders) or latex clearing protein Lcp (most Gram-positive NR-degraders). In order to find novel orthologues of Rox proteins, we have revisited databases and provide an update of Rox-like proteins. We describe the putative evolution of rubber oxygenases and confirm the presence of a third subgroup of Rox-related proteins (RoxCs), the biological function of which remains, however, unclear. We summarize the knowledge on the taxonomic position of Steroidobacter cummioxidans 35Y and related species. Comparison of genomic and biochemical features of strain 35Y with other species of the genus Steroidobacter suggests that strain 35Y represents a species of a novel genus for which the designation Aurantibaculum gen. nov. is proposed. A short summary on the capabilities of NR-degrading consortia, that could be superior in biotechnological applications compared to pure cultures, is also provided.

Key points
• Three types of rubber oxygenases exist predominantly in Gram-negative microbes
• S. cummioxidans 35Y contains RoxA and RoxB which are superior in activity
• S. cummioxidans 35Y represents a species of a novel genus
Bacterial crude oil and polyaromatic hydrocarbon degraders from Kazakh oil fields as barley growth support
Authors: Yessentayeva Kuralay , Reinhard Anne , Berzhanova Ramza , Mukasheva Togzhan , Urich Tim , Mikolasch Annett 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bacterial strains of the genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Dietzia, Kocuria, and Micrococcus were isolated from oil-contaminated soils of the Balgimbaev, Dossor, and Zaburunye oil fields in Kazakhstan. They were selected from 1376 isolated strains based on their unique ability to use crude oil and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as sole source of carbon and energy in growth experiments. The isolated strains degraded a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic components from crude oil to generate a total of 170 acid metabolites. Eight metabolites were detected during the degradation of anthracene and of phenanthrene, two of which led to the description of a new degradation pathway. The selected bacterial strains Arthrobacter bussei/agilis SBUG 2290, Bacillus atrophaeus SBUG 2291, Bacillus subtilis SBUG 2285, Dietzia kunjamensis SBUG 2289, Kocuria rosea SBUG 2287, Kocuria polaris SBUG 2288, and Micrococcus luteus SBUG 2286 promoted the growth of barley shoots and roots in oil-contaminated soil, demonstrating the enormous potential of isolatable and cultivable soil bacteria in soil remediation.

Key points
• Special powerful bacterial strains as potential crude oil and PAH degraders.
• Growth on crude oil or PAHs as sole source of carbon and energy.
• Bacterial support of barley growth as resource for soil remediation.
UGT1A4 Polymorphism is not Associated with a Clinically Relevant Change in Giredestrant Exposure
Authors: Malhi Vikram , Nowicka Malgorzata , Chen Ya-Chi , Agarwal Priya , Waldvogel Marie , Lien Yi Ting Kayla , Hafner Marc , Perez-Moreno Pablo , Moore Heather M. , Yu Jiajie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Giredestrant is a potent, orally bioavailable, small-molecule selective estrogen receptor antagonist and degrader (SERD) that is being developed for the treatment of patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. In vitro, giredestrant was primarily metabolized by UGT1A4. The goal of this study was to investigate if UGT1A4 polymorphism had a clinically relevant impact on giredestrant exposure.

Methods
Genotyping and pharmacokinetic data were obtained from 118 and 61 patients in two clinical studies, GO39932 [NCT03332797] and acelERA Breast Cancer [NCT04576455], respectively.

Results
The overall allelic frequencies of UGT1A4*2 and UGT1A4*3 were 3.3% and 11%, respectively. Giredestrant exposure was consistent between patients with wild-type UGT1A4 and UGT1A4*2 and *3 polymorphisms, with no clinically relevant difference observed. In addition, haplotype analysis indicated that no other UGT1A4 variants were significantly associated with giredestrant exposure.

Conclusion
Therefore, this study indicates that UGT1A4 polymorphism status is unlikely a clinically relevant factor to impact giredestrant exposure and giredestrant can be administered at the same dose level regardless of patients’ UGT1A4 polymorphism status.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of NYC1 gene enhances chlorophyll retention and reduces tillering in Zoysia matrella (L.) Merrill
Authors: Ng Hwan May , Gondo Takahiro , Tanaka Hidenori , Akashi Ryo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Key Message
Genome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 can be applied to Z. matrella ‘Wakaba’, and knockout mutants of ZmNYC1 gene exhibited stay-green phenotype and reduced tillering.

Abstract
Zoysia matrella is a widely used C4 warm-season turfgrass for landscaping, golf courses, and sports fields. Here, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to target the Non-Yellow Coloring1 (ZmNYC1) gene in the highly heterozygous allotetraploid Z. matrella ‘Wakaba’, aiming to generate a novel stay-green variety. Of 441 Agrobacterium-infected calli, 22 (5.0%) were transformed, and 14 of these (63.6%) showed targeted mutations through cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences analysis. Sequencing analysis revealed mutations mostly consisting of 1 or 2 bp indels, occurring 2 to 4 bp upstream of the PAM sequence. Regenerated plants exhibited five ZmNYC1 target locus genotypes, including homozygous mutants with a complete knockout of all four alleles in the T0 generation. Under dark treatment, ZmNYC1-mutated plants displayed suppressed chlorophyll b (Chl b) degradation, leading to higher chlorophyll content and Chl b, with a lower chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio compared to the wild type (WT). However, the ZmNYC1 mutation also inhibited plant growth in homozygous mutant genotypes, exhibiting reduced tillering compared to WT. Additionally, during winter simulation, mutant with a complete knockout retained greenness longer than the WT. This is the first successful use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in zoysiagrass. The mutants of the ZmNYC1 gene would serve as valuable breeding material for developing improved zoysiagrass varieties that can maintain their green color for longer periods, even during winter dormancy.
Avian migration clocks in a changing world
Authors: Helm Barbara , Liedvogel Miriam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAvian long-distance migration requires refined programming to orchestrate the birds’ movements on annual temporal and continental spatial scales. Programming is particularly important as long-distance movements typically anticipate future environmental conditions. Hence, migration has long been of particular interest in chronobiology. Captivity studies using a proxy, the shift to nocturnality during migration seasons (i.e., migratory restlessness), have revealed circannual and circadian regulation, as well as an innate sense of direction. Thanks to rapid development of tracking technology, detailed information from free-flying birds, including annual-cycle data and actograms, now allows relating this mechanistic background to behaviour in the wild. Likewise, genomic approaches begin to unravel the many physiological pathways that contribute to migration. Despite these advances, it is still unclear how migration programmes are integrated with specific environmental conditions experienced during the journey. Such knowledge is imminently important as temporal environments undergo rapid anthropogenic modification. Migratory birds as a group are not dealing well with the changes, yet some species show remarkable adjustments at behavioural and genetic levels. Integrated research programmes and interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to understand the range of responses of migratory birds to environmental change, and more broadly, the functioning of timing programmes under natural conditions.