bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal‐Organic Framework‐Mediated Synergistic Hypoxia‐Activated Chemo‐Immunotherapy Induced by High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Enhanced Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Sun Tingyu , Li Jingnan , Zhou Yinglin , Zeng Chao , Luo Chengyan , Luo Xirui , Li Huanan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHigh intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has attracted considerable attention as a noninvasive, efficient, and economic therapeutic modality for solid tumors. However, HIFU surgery has its intrinsic limitation in completely ablating tumors, leading to residual tumor tissue. Furthermore, the severely hypoxic environment ensuring after surgery can exacerbate the unrestricted proliferation and metabolism of residual tumor cells, leading to tumor recurrence and metastasis. To address these limitations, a versatile HIFU‐specific metal‐organic framework nanosystem (called ADMOFs) is developed by coordinating hypoxia‐activated prodrug AQ4N, Mn2+, and DOX based on the postoperative response to changes in the tumor microenvironment. ADMOFs loaded with AQ4N/Mn2+ exhibited remarkable tumor‐targeting behavior in vivo and enhanced photoacoustic/magnetic resonance imaging effects, enabling more accurate guidance for HIFU surgery. After surgery, the ADMOFs exploited the severely hypoxic tumor environment induced by HIFU, overcoming hypoxia‐associated drug resistance, and inducing immunogenic cell death. Finally, it effectively inhibited tumor growth and eliminated lung metastasis. Transcriptome studies revealed that this strategy significantly up‐regulated genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, and HIF‐1 signaling pathway while downregulating genes related to tumor proliferation and metastasis. These findings suggest that combining hypoxia‐activated chemo‐immunotherapy with HIFU is a promising strategy for enhancing cancer theranostics.
Tunable Crystallinity and Electron Conduction in Wavy 2D Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks via Halogen Substitution
Authors: Jastrzembski Kamil , Zhang Yingying , Lu Yang , Sporrer Lukas , Pohl Darius , Rellinghaus Bernd , Waentig Albrecht L. , Zhang Haojie , Mücke David , Fu Shuai , Polozij Miroslav , Li Xue , Zhang Jianjun , Wang Mingchao , Morag Ahiud , Yu Minghao , Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio , Wang Hai I. , Bonn Mischa , Kaiser Ute , Heine Thomas , Dong Renhao , Feng Xinliang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCurrently, most reported 2D conjugated metal–organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) are based on planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with symmetrical functional groups, limiting the possibility of introducing additional substituents to fine‐tune the crystallinity and electrical properties. Herein, a novel class of wavy 2D c‐MOFs with highly substituted, core‐twisted hexahydroxy‐hexa‐cata‐benzocoronenes (HH‐cHBCs) as ligands is reported. By tailoring the substitution of the c‐HBC ligands with electron‐withdrawing groups (EWGs), such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, it is demonstrated that the crystallinity and electrical conductivity at the molecular level can be tuned. The theoretical calculations demonstrate that F‐substitution leads to a more reversible coordination bonding between HH‐cHBCs and copper metal center, due to smaller atomic size and stronger electron‐withdrawing effect. As a result, the achieved F‐substituted 2D c‐MOF exhibits superior crystallinity, comprising ribbon‐like single crystals up to tens of micrometers in length. Moreover, the F‐substituted 2D c‐MOF displays higher electrical conductivity (two orders of magnitude) and higher charge carrier mobility (almost three times) than the Cl‐substituted one. This work provides a new molecular design strategy for the development of wavy 2D c‐MOFs and opens a new route for tailoring the coordination reversibility by ligand substitution toward increased crystallinity and superior electric conductivity.
Synthesis of Cu2‐xSe‐MoSe2 Edge‐Epitaxial Heterostructure for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Ma Yanbo , Yang Lei , Li Ye , Li Hai , Huang Yanping , Chen Junze 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe exposure of active edge sites of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) in TMD‐based heterostructures is essential to enhance the catalytic activity toward electrochemical catalytic hydrogen evolution (HER). The construction of TMD‐based edge‐epitaxial heterostructures can maximally expose the active edge sites. However, owing to the 2D crystal structures, it remains a great challenge to vertically align layered TMDs on non‐layered metal chalcogenides. Herein, the synthesis of Cu2‐xSe‐MoSe2 edge‐epitaxial heterostructure is reported by a facile one‐pot wet‐chemical method. A high density of MoSe2 nanosheets grown vertically to the <111>Cu2‐xSe on the surface of Cu2‐xSe nanocrystals is observed. Such edge‐epitaxial configuration allows the exposure of abundant active edge sites of MoSe2 and enhances the changer transfer between MoSe2 and Cu2‐xSe. As a result, the obtained Cu2‐xSe‐MoSe2 epitaxial heterostructures show excellent HER performance as compared to that of Cu2‐xSe@1T/2H‐MoSe2 core@shell heterostructure with similar size. This work not only offers a novel approach for designing efficient electrochemical catalysis but also enriches the diversity of TMD‐based heterostructures, holding promise for various applications in the future.
Highly Efficient MAPbI3‐Based Quantum Dots Exhibiting Unusual Nonblinking Single Photon Emission at Room Temperature
Authors: Chuang Yung‐Tang , Lin Tzu‐Yu , Tan Guang‐Hsun , Jan Pei‐En , Lin Hao‐Cheng , Chen Hung‐Ming , Hsiao Kai‐Yuan , Chen Bo‐Han , Lu Chih‐Hsuan , Lee Chi‐Hsuan , Pao Chun‐Wei , Yang Shang‐Da , Lu Ming‐Yen , Lin Hao‐Wu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractHighly emissive semiconductor nanocrystals, or so‐called quantum dots (QDs) possess a variety of applications from displays and biology labeling, to quantum communication and modern security. Though ensembles of QDs have already shown very high photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs) and have been widely utilized in current optoelectronic products, QDs that exhibit high absorption cross‐section, high emission intensity, and, most important, nonblinking behavior at single‐dot level have long been desired and not yet realized at room temperature. In this work, infrared‐emissive MAPbI3‐based halide perovskite QDs is demonstrated. These QDs not only show a ≈100% PLQY at the ensemble level but also, surprisingly, at the single‐dot level, display an extra‐large absorption cross‐section up to 1.80 × 10−12 cm2 and non‐blinking single photon emission with a high single photon purity of 95.3%, a unique property that is extremely rare among all types of quantum emitters operated at room temperature. An in‐depth analysis indicates that neither trion formation nor band‐edge carrier trapping is observed in MAPbI3 QDs, resulting in the suppression of intensity blinking and lifetime blinking. Fluence‐dependent transient absorption measurements reveal that the coexistence of non‐blinking behavior and high single photon purity in these perovskite QDs results from a significant repulsive exciton‐exciton interaction, which suppresses the formation of biexciton, and thus greatly reduces photocharging. The robustness of these QDs is confirmed by their excellent stability under continuous 1 h electron irradiation in high‐resolution transmission electron microscope inspection. It is believed that these results mark an important milestone in realizing nonblinking single photon emission in semiconductor QDs.
Controllable Solid Electrolyte Interphase by Ionic Environment Regulation for Stable Zn‐Ion Battery
Authors: Liu Jingwen , Li Caixia , Zhang Kai , Zhang Shenghao , Zhang Chao , Yang Yu , Wang Lei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractArtificial solid electrolyte interphase in organic solutions is effective and facile for long‐cycling aqueous zinc ion batteries. However, the specific effects on different ionic environments have not been thoroughly investigated. Herein, pyromellitic acid (PA) are employed as organic ligand to coordinate with Zn2+ under various ionic environments. The connection between the ionic environment and reaction spontaneity is analyzed to provide insights into the reasons behind the effectiveness of the SEI layer and to characterize its protective impact on the zinc anode. Notably, the PA solution (pH4) lacking OH− contributes to the formation of a dense and ultrathin SEI with Zn‐PA coordination, preventing direct contact between the anode and electrolyte. Moreover, the presence of organic functional groups facilitates a uniform flux of Zn2+. These advantages enable stable cycling of the PA4‐Zn symmetric cell at a current density of 3 mA cm−2 for over 3500 h. The PA4‐Zn//MVO full cell demonstrates excellent electrochemical reversibility. Investigating the influence of the ionic environment on SEI generation informs the development of novel SEI strategies.
Highly Transparent, Yet Photoluminescent: 2D CdSe/CdS Nanoplatelet‐Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Composites Sensitive to Gas Adsorption
Authors: Klepzig Lars F. , Keppler Nils C. , Rudolph Dominik A. , Schaate Andreas , Behrens Peter , Lauth Jannika 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this work, thin composite films of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and colloidal two‐dimensional (2D) core‐crown CdSe/CdS nanoplatelet (NPL) emitters with minimal scattering are formed by a cycled growth method and yield highly transparent coatings with strong and narrow photoluminescence of the NPLs at 546 nm (FWHM: 25 nm) in a solid‐state composite structure. The porous ZIF matrix acts as functional encapsulation for the emitters and enables the adsorption of the guest molecules water and ethanol. The adsorption and desorption of the guest molecules is then characterized by a reversable photoluminescence change of the embedded NPLs. The transmittance of the composite films exceeds the values of uncoated glass at visible wavelengths where the NPL emitters show no absorption (>540 nm) and renders them anti‐reflective coatings. At NPL absorption wavelengths (440–540 nm), the transmittance of the thin composite film‐coated glass lies close to the transmittance of uncoated glass. The fast formation of innovative, smooth NPL/ZIF composite films without pre‐polymerizing the colloidal 2D nanostructures first provides a powerful tool toward application‐oriented photoluminescence‐based gas sensing.
The Nanoscale Ordering of Cellulose in a Hierarchically Structured Hybrid Material Revealed Using Scanning Electron Diffraction
Authors: Nero Mathias , Ali Hasan , Li Yuanyuan , Willhammar Tom 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCellulose, being a renewable and abundant biopolymer, has garnered significant attention for its unique properties and potential applications in hybrid materials. Understanding the hierarchical arrangement of cellulose nanofibers is crucial for developing cellulose‐based materials with enhanced mechanical properties. In this study, the use of Scanning Electron Diffraction (SED) is presented to map the nanoscale orientation of cellulose fibers in a bio‐composite material with a preserved wood cell structure. The SED data provides detailed insights into the ordering of cellulose with an extraordinary resolution of ≈15 nm. It enables a quantitative analysis of the fiber orientation over regions as large as entire cells. A highly organized arrangement of cellulose fibers within the secondary cell wall is observed, with a gradient of orientations toward the outer part of the wall. The in‐plane fiber rotation is quantified, revealing a uniform orientation close to the middle lamella. Transversely sectioned material exhibits similar trends, suggesting a layered cell wall structure. Based on the SED data, a 3D model depicting the complex helical alignment of fibers throughout the cell wall is constructed. This study demonstrates the unique opportunities SED provides for characterizing the nanoscale hierarchical arrangement of cellulose nanofibers, empowering further research on a range of hybrid materials.
1/2 BPS structure constants and random matrices
Authors: Holguin Adolfo 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study three point functions of half BPS operators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory focusing on correlators of two of the operators with dimension of order ∆ ~ N2 and a light single trace operator. These describe vacuum expectation values of type IIB supergravity modes in LLM backgrounds that do not necessarily preserve the same symmetries as the background solution. We propose a class of complex matrix models that fully capture the combinatorics of the problem, and describe their solution in the large N limit. In simple regimes when the dual description is in terms of widely separated condensates of giant gravitons we find that the models are solvable in the large N and can be approximated by unitary Jacobi ensembles; we describe how these distributions are reproduced in the dual bubbling geometry picture for large droplets. In the case of two eigenvalue droplets the model is exactly solvable at finite N. As a result we compute all half-BPS structure constants of heavy-heavy-light type, and reproduce the formulas found via holographic renormalization in the large N limit. We also comment on structure constants of three heavy operators.
Effect of relative humidity on the thin-layer chromatographic separation of E 472 emulsifiers
Authors: Schuster Katharina , Oellig Claudia 
Published: December 2023

AbstractE 472 emulsifiers are organic acid esters of mono- and diacylglycerides. These emulsifiers are categorized into six subgroups (E 472a-f) based on the specific acid component, e.g., acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, or mixtures of tartaric and acetic acid. The present study investigated the effect of relative humidity (RH) on the thin-layer chromatographic separation of four E 472 emulsifier subgroups, addressing practical concerns due to RH variations between seasons and within laboratories. Three RH-setting techniques affecting plate activity and chamber climate were assessed using saturated salt and aqueous sulfuric acid solutions. Aqueous sulfuric acid solutions for RH adjustment resulted in decreased hRF values, while no trends in hRF value changes were observed for saturated salt solutions. Unlike RH itself, the RH setting technique led to substantial changes in the chromatographic fingerprint. Thus, the choice of the RH setting method should be tailored to the specific analyte and analysis goal. Despite variations in chromatographic fingerprints between the three RH setting techniques, the fingerprint remained consistent within the same technique across the tested RH range.
Modelling pandemic behavior with a network-SIRD approach
Authors: Baude Mira , Kimms Alf 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDue to the Corona pandemic, measures to control the spread of the virus are much debated in society. Different countries pursued different policy approaches to reduce the outbreak of the pandemic. This paper deals with the optimal selection of measures to control the outbreak of a pandemic. The focus is on the beginning of a pandemic, when no vaccines or medical supplies are available. To illustrate the different approaches taken by governments, we demonstrate some practical data. We formulate a mathematical program to minimize the economic damage caused by measures while simultaneously considering the humanitarian damage caused by infections. To consider the progress of the pandemic, our model is based on epidemiological multi-group-SIRD model. This model is looking at a bunch of districts and their contact rates with each other. In each district, the population is divided into subgroups. The measures restrict contacts between these subgroups and affect the pandemic process. In addition to the consideration of minimizing costs, a limited mortality rate is also considered. To illustrate the model, a small case study inspired by cities in Germany is presented.
Investigation of key performance indicators for performance management of the manufacturing industry in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Munmun Sajneen Akter , Moktadir Md. Abdul , Tiwari Sunil , Abedin Mohammad Zoynul , Jabbour Charbel Jose Chiappetta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe execution of constructive Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) is a critical tool for the Performance Management (PM) of the manufacturing industry to regulate operations. The companies rely on the PM strategies grounded on conventional KPIs assessment to achieve sustainability although the current dynamic manufacturing environment is undergoing complexities. The KPIs used in the past for PM are not mutually dependent, as they have not been adequately measured and updated to address emergency situations like the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for the Leather Products Industry (LPI). Monitoring of plentiful KPIs is inconceivable and literature is also not available. Realizing these gaps, this study accumulates suggestions from a wide-ranging context of 25 experts’ feedback. Initially, a set of KPI was identified through literature review and experts survey. Later, employing a Pareto analysis, 15 KPIs were identified from 48 KPIs. Then the finalized KPIs investigated utilizing linguistic Z-digits and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) to find the “Cause-Effect” relationship. An industrial chronology is conferred to demonstrate the potency and functionality of the suggested method. The upshot signifies the “Target fulfillment within the delivery time during COVID-19” as the most important KPI for the studied case. The outcomes will assist the LPI managers to dictate crucial KPIs suitably and flourish the PM in attaining the goals and objectives.
LES Modeling of the DLR Generic Single-Cup Spray Combustor: Validation and the Impact of Combustion Chemistry
Authors: Åkerblom Arvid , Fureby Christer 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTurbulent spray combustion in a generic kerosene-fueled single-cup combustor at typical idle and cruise conditions of an aeroengine are studied with Large Eddy Simulations (LES) using Lagrangian spray and finite-rate chemistry combustion modeling. Three reaction mechanisms of varying complexity are used to model the combustion chemistry. The choice of turbulence-chemistry interaction model is shown to affect the results significantly. The impact of the choice of chemical reaction mechanism and the difference in operating conditions are gauged in terms of time-averaged flow, spray, and combustion characteristics as well as unsteady behavior. Good agreement between LES predictions and experimental results are generally observed but with a notable dependence on the choice of chemical reaction mechanism. The mechanism specifically targeting Jet A displays the best agreement. The choice of reaction mechanism is further demonstrated to influence the flow and thermoacoustics in the combustor, resulting in different thermoacoustic modes dominating. The spray cone is found to be too narrow and thin, an inaccuracy which could be remedied by either making the injection method more empirical or by introducing additional models.
“It’s Your Word Against Mine”: A Case Study of Gender Negotiation in a Spanish School
Authors: Pereira-García Sofía , Devís-Devís José , Villescas Vivancos Fulgencio , Taylor Yvette 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough a number of laws, protocols and plans have been passed in Spain in the last 10 years to support gender diversity in education, they still have not been fully implemented in schools. In this paper we describe the case of Arturo, a trans boy, and the various negotiations he went through in his secondary school for 2 years. We used a thematic analysis to identify the negotiations involving educational staff, teachers and students based on 6 themes: (a) naming; (b) compliance with trans students’ rights; (c) toilets and changing rooms; (d) physical activities; (e) gender disclosure; and (f) privileges. These experiences include the different micro and macroaggressions Arturo suffered at school. On the positive we describe various trans students' inclusion strategies in this context, highlighting the social workers' role in building inclusive and respectful spaces for this minority group. Inclusive strategies can help to create more positive experiences for trans students and help to expand even the current queer restrictive gender narratives circulating in schools.
Dynamics of nonlinear beam-propeller system with different numbers of blades
Authors: Wu Jun , Rezgui Djamel , Titurus Branislav 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe dynamics of elastic systems coupled with rotating bladed-rotors is rich and complex, and the blade number may have an influence on the in-vacuo system dynamics. This paper aims to model its nonlinear dynamics in-vacuo and study the effects of blade number on its dynamics. To this end, a nonlinear model consisting of a nonlinear inextensible beam, a motor assembly and a rotating propeller is developed. This model is linearized, and modal analyses are performed with different blade numbers. It is validated numerically and experimentally that a two-bladed propeller introduces time-varying characteristics, while the system is time-invariant with more than two blades. For the two-bladed case, frequencies in the non-rotating condition split into two frequency loci with increasing rotational speed; while with more than two blades, one frequency in the non-rotating condition increases and the other in the same pair decreases with increasing speed. A structural instability due to frequency lock-in is identified in two-bladed configuration, while not identified with more than two blades. The static deformation using the nonlinear model is calculated and validated against the experiment. In the stable speed range, the frequency response functions calculated using the nonlinear and linearized models do not show notable differences. In the unstable speed range with two-bladed propeller, the nonlinear model is consistent with the experiment in terms of unstable frequencies and bounded steady-state oscillations. The system vibration in the unstable speed range features forward whirling pattern, in which the beam vibration is close to the first bending pattern.