bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the enigma: A complex case of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in a 12-year-old female with type 1 diabetes and concurrent tuberculosis
Authors: Daral Rahul , Anand Aarti 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
This case report explores the intricate presentation of a 12-year-old female with type 1 diabetes, who exhibited severe diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by concurrent tuberculosis. Despite initial mismanagement and poor medication compliance, a multidisciplinary approach successfully unraveled the complexity of her condition. The case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing dual pathologies in pediatric patients, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive and collaborative medical strategy.
Investigating the relationship between intracranial atherosclerotic plaque remodelling and diabetes using high-resolution vessel wall imaging
Authors: Mo Yong-Qian , Luo Hai-Yu , Zhang Han-Wen , Liu Yu-Feng , Deng Kan , Liu Xiao-Lei , Huang Biao , Lin Fan 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Intracranial atherosclerosis, a leading cause of stroke, involves arterial plaque formation. This study explores the link between plaque remodelling patterns and diabetes using high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI).
AIM
To investigate the factors of intracranial atherosclerotic remodelling patterns and the relationship between intracranial atherosclerotic remodelling and diabetes mellitus using HR-VWI.
METHODS
Ninety-four patients diagnosed with middle cerebral artery or basilar artery atherosclerosis were enrolled. Their basic clinical data were collected, and HR-VWI was performed. The vascular area at the plaque (VAMLN) and normal reference vessel (VAreference) were delineated and measured using image postprocessing software, and the Remodelling index (RI) was calculated. According to the value of the RI, the patients were divided into a positive remodelling (PR) group, intermediate remodelling (IR) group, negative remodelling (NR) group, PR group and non-PR (N-PR) group.
RESULTS
The PR group exhibited a higher prevalence of diabetes and serum cholesterol levels than the IR and NR groups [45.2%, 4.54 (4.16, 5.93) vs 25%, 4.80 ± 1.22 and 16.4%, 4.14 (3.53, 4.75), respectively, P < 0.05]. The diabetes incidence was also significantly greater in the PR group than in the N-PR group (45.2% vs 17.5%, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the PR group displayed elevated serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels compared to the N-PR group [1.64 (1.23, 2.33) and 4.54 (4.16, 5.93) vs 4.54 (4.16, 5.93) and 4.24 (3.53, 4.89), P < 0.05]. Logistic regression analysis revealed diabetes mellitus as an independent influencing factor in plaque-PR [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 3.718 (1.207-11.454), P < 0.05].
CONCLUSION
HR-VWI can clearly show the morphology and signal characteristics of intracranial vascular walls and plaques. Intracranial atherosclerotic plaques in diabetic patients are more likely to show PR, suggesting poor plaque stability and a greater risk of stroke.
Propofol sedation in routine endoscopy: A case series comparing target controlled infusion vs manually controlled bolus concept
Authors: Sarraj Riad , Theiler Lorenz , Vakilzadeh Nima , Krupka Niklas , Wiest Reiner 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Many studies have addressed safety and effectiveness of non-anaesthesiologist propofol sedation (NAPS) for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy Target controlled infusion (TCI) is claimed to provide an optimal sedation regimen by avoiding under- or oversedation.
AIM
To assess safety and performance of propofol TCI sedation in comparison with nurse-administered bolus-sedation.
METHODS
Fouty-five patients undergoing endoscopy under TCI propofol sedation were prospectively included from November 2016 to May 2017 and compared to 87 patients retrospectively included that underwent endoscopy with NAPS. Patients were matched for age and endoscopic procedure. We recorded time of sedation and endoscopy, dosage of medication and adverse events.
RESULTS
There was a significant reduction in dose per time of propofol administered in the TCI group, compared to the NAPS group (8.2 ± 2.7 mg/min vs 9.3 ± 3.4 mg/min; P = 0.046). The time needed to provide adequate sedation levels was slightly but significantly lower in the control group (5.3 ± 2.7 min vs 7.7 ± 3.3 min; P < 0.001), nonetheless the total endoscopy time was similar in both groups. No differences between TCI and bolus-sedation was observed for mean total-dosage of propofol rate as well as adverse events.
CONCLUSION
This study indicates that sedation using TCI for GI endoscopy reduces the dose of propofol necessary per minute of endoscopy. This may translate into less adverse events. However, further and randomized trials need to confirm this trend.
Pengaruh Game Online terhadap Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik di SDN 1 Pringsewu Timur
Authors: Saputra Ahmad Rizki , Yunida Fera , Hasriani Hasriani , Utami Indah Febrianti , Soleha Soleha 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh game online terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik di sekolah dasar SDN 1 Pringsewu Timur. Motivasi belajar merupakansakah satu aspek yang fundamental dalam mendorong kegiatan belajar peserta didik. Motivasi dapat menjadi faktor utama dalam mendorong kegigihan dalam belajar. Motivasi pada pesserta didik dapat meningkat dan menurun sesuai dengan apa yang menjadi faktornya. Salah satu faktor dalam motivasi saat ini adalah dengan adannya gadget dan juga game online hal ini dapat menjadi dua faktor penurun motivasi belajar atau pendorong dlam motivasi belajar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan cara deskriptif statistik. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwasannya game online berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 15,134 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Nilai korelasi sebesar 0,429 mengkonfirmasi bahwa adanya pengaruh antara game online dan motivasi belajar siswa.
Photometric Determination of Cobalt (Ii) With 4-Sulfo β-Nitroso α-Naphthol
Authors: Turabovich Turabov Nurmuhammat , Qizi G’anibekova Maxliyo Farxod 
Published: January 2024

At the moment development of science and technology sets important tasks for the science of analytical chemistry. Toxic compounds from various biological and industrial facilities and the development of methods for the separation and detection of their decomposition products one of the main tasks of analytical chemistry.
Photometric detection, one of the most modern physical and chemical methods for the detection of heavy metals, is widely used today and the new organic reagents are being used to address these issues.
Photometric determination of micro quantities of elements using organic reagents is one of the new developing methods. Photometric method is fast in nature and does not require expensive equipment with fast and cheap selective action.
Factors Influencing the Transition to a Low-Carbon Energy Paradigm: A Systemic Literature Review
Authors: Carrilho-Nunes Inês , Catalão-Lopes Margarida 
Published: January 2024

Research concerning energy transition has grown at a high pace over the past decade, exploring a variety of topics. This paper provides a systematic literature review focused on the factors and policy routes that can support and expedite the transition to a low-carbon energy paradigm. The results of the bibliographic search follow a theoretical organizational lens and are grouped into four main categories - economic, technological, social, and policy. Key findings include the role of environmental policy as the crucial driver for progress, as well as the need for active participation from industry, economic, and policy agents, along with energy experts. In addition, the lack of literature regarding developing and lower-income nations is highlighted. A discussion and practical implications of the results are provided within the context of the four main categories and with a prosperous post-transition society in mind. Our findings are relevant for policymakers, administrators, and all stakeholders involved in integrating low-carbon initiatives and policies within their organizational structures.

Received: 6 September 2023 | Revised: 28 November 2023 | Accepted: 5 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this paper as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Inês Carrilho-Nunes: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing - original draft. Margarida Catalão-Lopes: Conceptualization, Writing - review & editing.
Blockchain-Based NFT Warranty System: A Software Implementation
Authors: Ali Aaliya , Agrawal Saransh , Dongre Snehalata 
Published: January 2024

As the e-commerce industry continues to grow, the challenges around warranty issuing and its management have become more significant. This research paper presents a software implementation of a blockchain-based e-commerce warranty system that utilizes non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to simplify the warranty management process for both consumers and manufacturers. Its features include automatic warranty issuing, verification, transfer of ownership, and warranty expiration. The system was made available as a service and was integrated into an existing e-commerce website clone to evaluate the ease of use. Additionally, a page listing all warranty NFTs owned by a user, irrespective of the e-commerce site of purchase, was created and linked to the original e-commerce website. As a result, the implemented system simplified the manufacturer/seller’s overhead of issuing and managing warranties and improved the user experience for consumers by showing all warranties owned by them in one place. This study illustrates the potential of public blockchains in the e-commerce sector, which has important implications for the use of blockchain-based warranty management systems.

Received: 15 November 2023 | Revised: 26 December 2023 | Accepted: 3 January 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
The Applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Public Health
Authors: Jones Sonia 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to investigate the applications of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in public health.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The findings revealed that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to the applications of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in public health. Preliminary empirical review revealed how GIS facilitates disease mapping and surveillance, improves healthcare access, addresses health disparities, assesses environmental health risks, and aids in understanding the effects of climate change on public health. The findings underscore GIS as a transformative tool, offering valuable insights and solutions for public health practitioners and policymakers striving to improve health outcomes and create more equitable communities in the face of evolving challenges.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DOI), Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Ecological Systems Theory may be used to anchor future studies on the application of Geographic Information System, (GIS) recommendations made include investing in GIS training for public health professionals, integrating GIS into policymaking, and conducting region-specific research to tailor GIS applications to local contexts. These measures aim to strengthen the capacity of public health agencies, enhance decision-making processes, and develop evidence-based guidelines for the effective use of GIS in public health, ultimately improving health outcomes and equity.
Investigating the Effect of the Traditional Flipped Classroom in Teaching Primary 3 Class Mathematics
Authors: Sulaimon Jamiu Temitope , Manditereza Blandina 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to investigate how the "flipped" classroom impacts Primary 3 Mathematics students' learning and achievement.
Methodology:
In this study, mathematics instruction in Primary 3 was recontextualised using the Flipped Classroom methodology. Using pre- and post-test methodology, a quasi-experimental research design was used with 81 lower essential school students from two private primary schools. Data collection utilised three designed instruments: the Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT), Traditional Flipped Classroom Instructional Guide (TFCIG), and Control Group Instructional Guide (CGIG). The test-retest reliability of MAT was established at 0.75. The study explored the potential benefits of the flipped classroom model in improving pupils' mathematics achievement and interest within the three primary classes. Two hypotheses were formulated and analysed using descriptive statistics for demographics and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at a 0.05 significance level.

Findings:
The findings shed light on the success of using a flipped model to recontextualise math classes at the Primary 3 level in Mathematics in Ilorin South Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. The findings indicate a significant positive effect of traditional flipped classroom instructional strategy on pupils' academic achievement in Mathematics. However, there was no significant interaction effect between treatment and gender. The conclusion is that the traditional flipped classroom instructional strategy improves pupils' academic achievement, irrespective of gender. This study found a statistically significant effect size for the flipped classroom instructional strategy.
Unique Contributions to theory, policy and practice:
This research contribution is twofold. Firstly, the study advances our understanding of the advantages, difficulties, and prospective improvements of flipped learning in Mathematics classes in Primary schools. Secondly, this study helps teachers understand how to integrate the flipped classroom within the learning and teaching system.

The study recommends that school teachers or educators undergo training to implement traditional flipped classroom instructional strategies in math classes effectively.
Global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases by gender and age during 2010–2019
Authors: Rethemiotaki Irene 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this work is to evaluate the global, gender, and age-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden during 2010-2019. It has been studied not only the global trend in the prevalence of CVDs but also whether there is a statistically significant difference between genders and between ages during 2010 - 2019.Material and methodsThe statistical methods used to analyze the results of this study are the independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.ResultsThe global prevalence rate of CVDs was increased from 0.061% in 2010 to 0.070% in 2019. There is a statistically significant difference between the prevalence rates in the two genders in all cardiovascular diseases except atrial fibrillation and flutter. Females have the highest prevalence rates of CVDs worldwide. Moreover, females have statistically significant the highest prevalence rates of stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, non-rheumatic valvular heart disease, endocarditis, peripheral artery disease and other cardiovascular and circulatory diseases globally. On the contrary, males have statistically significant the highest prevalence rates of cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, and ischemic heart disease globally. Moreover, rheumatic heart disease has statistically significant higher prevalence rate in the age group of 25–49 years than the other age groups.ConclusionsThe significance of this study is not only that it has succeeded in achieving to evaluate the global, gender, and age-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden finding the statistically significant differences between them, but it is also the only study to achieve this goal in the last decade.
The Hegemony of South Africa and the Free Movement of Persons in SADC: Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Mapogo Tebogo Kegomoditswe 
Published: January 2024

The free movement of persons faces many challenges in the SADC region. Currently, there is no solid regional framework that governs it. As a result, it is managed by several varying bilateral agreements between the member states. This study aims to evaluate the impact the hegemony of South Africa has on the free movement of persons in the SADC region. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect the hegemony of South Africa has on visa openness in the SADC region, to describe the hegemony of South Africa in relation to ratification of the protocol on the facilitation of movement of persons in the SADC region, and finally to evaluate the influence the hegemony of South Africa has on border procedures in the SADC region. The qualitative research method was undertaken in pursuit of fulfilling the study objectives. The data for this study was collected from a selection of official statistics, technical reports, and scholarly journals. The findings of the study suggest that the hegemony of South Africa has greatly contributed and shaped the status of the free movement of persons in the region. South Africa has negotiated itself into favourable positions with its fellow SADC member states that have placed them at an advantage. South Africa benefits from favourable visa openness and border procedures. It’s contribution in influencing the Protocol on the Facilitation of Movement of Persons has resulted in it being among the countries that have ratified the protocol which has more relaxed provisions. The study recommends harmonised free movement agreements that have a more regional outlook and an approach to the free movement of persons that has a bearing that is not centred around security and negative perceptions.
Short-term variation in pH in seawaters around coastal areas of Japan: characteristics and forcings
Authors: Ono Tsuneo , Muraoka Daisuke , Hayashi Masahiro , Yorifuji Makiko , Dazai Akihiro , Omoto Shigeyuki , Tanaka Takehiro , Okamura Tomohiro , Onitsuka Goh , Sudo Kenji , Fujii Masahiko , Hamanoue Ryuji , Wakita Masahide 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The pH of coastal seawater varies based on several local forcings, such as water circulation, terrestrial inputs, and biological processes, and these forcings are changing along with global climate change. Understanding the mechanism of pH variation in each coastal area is thus important for a realistic future projection that considers changes in these forcings. From 2020 to 2021, we performed parallel year-round observations of pH and related ocean parameters at five stations around the Japanese coast (Miyako Bay, Shizugawa Bay, Kashiwazaki Coast, Hinase Archipelago, and Ohno Strait) to understand the characteristics of short-term pH variations and their forcings. Annual variability (∼ 1 standard deviation) of pH and aragonite saturation state (Ωar) were 0.05–0.09 and 0.25–0.29, respectively, for three areas with low anthropogenic pressures (Miyako Bay, Kashiwazaki Coast, and Shizugawa Bay), while it increased to 0.16–0.21 and 0.52–0.58, respectively, in two areas with medium anthropogenic pressures (Hinase Archipelago and Ohno Strait in Seto Inland Sea). Statistical assessment of temporal variability at various timescales revealed that most of the annual variabilities in both pH and Ωar were derived by short-term variation at a timescale of <10 d, rather than seasonal-scale variation. Our analyses further illustrated that most of the short-term pH variation was caused by biological processes, while both thermodynamic and biological processes equally contributed to the temporal variation in Ωar. The observed results showed that short-term acidification with Ωar < 1.5 occurred occasionally in Miyako and Shizugawa bays, while it occurred frequently in the Hinase Archipelago and Ohno Strait. Most of such short-term acidified events were related to short-term low-salinity events. Our analyses showed that the amplitude of short-term pH variation was linearly correlated with that of short-term salinity variation, and its regression coefficient at the time of high freshwater input was positively correlated with the nutrient concentration of the main river that flows into the coastal area.
IMPORTANCE OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE HUMAN BODY
Authors: Tangatarova Salamat , Ahmad Khan Afroz Matin , Zhumaeva Aichurok 
Published: January 2024

Human body substancially needs chemical elements for various biochemical processes and metabolic reactions. Microelements are also nesesaary for in the human body. Microelements are a group of chemical elements that are found in the human body in very small quantities, in the range of 10-3-10-12%. Microelements perform essential functions in the human body. Even in microscopic quantities they are extremely effective. Microelements are part of the structure of biologically active substances: enzymes, hormones and vitamins. Their lack leads to serious diseases of the body. Microelements are involved in the metabolism of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, protein synthesis in the body, heat exchange, hematopoiesis, bone formation, reproduction, and immune reactions. In our body, the composition of chemical elements can change, which certainly affects our health and well-being, and various factors can cause an imbalance of useful elements.
PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT KELUARGA (TOGA) SEBAGAI BAHAN HERBAL DALAM MENANGGULANGI INFEKSI JAMUR
Authors: Fatmawati Andi , Arisanti Dewi , Amin Imran , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Widyanti Tuty , Anita Anita , Rustiah Waode , Rakhmansyah AR. , Padad Tenri , Apriyani Andi Nur 
Published: January 2024

Masyarakt Indonesia telah lama mengenal berbagai jenis tanaman yang dapat dijadikan sebagai obat herba.Tanaman obat adalah seluruh jenis tumbuhan obat yang diketahui atau dipercaya mempunyai khasiat obat. Tanaman obat tradisional merupakan jenis tumbuhan obat yang diketahui atau dipercaya oleh masyarakat mempunyai khasiat obat dan telah digunakan sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional dalam mengatasi infeksi jamur. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan sharing informasi terkait tanaman obat dan pemanfaatannya, lalu dilanjutkan dengan diskusi /dengar pendapat dari masyarakat dan apparat desa. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakata dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga dan hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.