bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of averted loss gains under Victorian biodiversity offset policy
Authors: O'Brien Anna , Gordon Ascelin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBiodiversity offsetting seeks to balance losses in biodiversity from development with offset actions that generate biodiversity gains. In Victoria, Australia, native vegetation offset policy aims to achieve No Net Loss (NNL) in biodiversity, meaning gains from offsetting must be at least equivalent to development losses. Gains may be generated from measures that protect the existing biodiversity from loss (averted loss gains), and those that restore or enhance the biodiversity (improvement gains). However, previous work has suggested the Victorian offset policy overestimates averted loss gains, allowing a larger development impact for the same offset. Here, we undertake a detailed examination of five impact‐offset exchanges permitted under Victorian offset policy in 2019 and 2020, comparing gains under the policy to those resulting from plausible counterfactuals. We find that the projected gains from averted loss were likely to be overestimated by between 3 and 240 times, compared to the counterfactuals. If this level of over‐estimation holds throughout the scheme, it would mean that up to 86% of offsets purchased do not compensate for permitted impacts to native vegetation, thwarting Victoria's NNL policy objective. We discuss the key policy issues and make recommendations to address over‐estimating averted loss gains.
Transmodern heritage as a space for imagining pluriversal relations—Insights from the African “periphery”
Authors: Bialostocka Olga 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe N'zima village in Grand‐Bassam and the Abbashawel area in Asmara were intrinsically connected to the “modern” colonial capitals of present‐day Côte d'Ivoire and Eritrea, respectively, on the verges of which they functioned. However, structurally, organizationally and ontologically, they differed profoundly from their French‐ and Italian‐planned “neighbors,” together with which they are today inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Interpreted as antithetical counterparts, products of African encounters with modernity, the two urban entities within Grand‐Bassam and Asmara—European and African—tend to be described as interdependent, representing two sides of the same coin, neither of which could have existed without the other. This paper interrogates the said interpretation based on the center‐periphery dynamic created by the politics of modernity, and proposes to use instead the decolonial pluriversal perspective and the concept of transmodernity to understand the experiences of being of the colonized African populations of Grand‐Bassam and Asmara outside of Western onto‐epistemologies. It points to the N'zima village and Abbashawel as the areas that enable visualizing reality that contests the binaries created by Western modernity in seeking pluralistic politics.
The Distinct Dispossessions of Indian Settler Colonialism in Kashmir: Land, Narrative and Indigeneity
Authors: Zargar Haris , Osuri Goldie 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTIndia's annexation of Indian‐administered Jammu and Kashmir in August 2019 has generated debates within Critical Kashmir Studies regarding the kind of settler colonialism that is operating in this disputed Himalayan region. To illuminate the current relationship between land dispossession and narratives that legitimize land grab (for the settlement of Hindu Indian settlers), this article traces the logics and genesis of this ongoing settler project in Kashmir, going back to the historic Dogra feudal rule. The authors argue that the Hindu Dogra dispensation installed a revenue surveillance system that enabled it to engage in institutionalized land grab, and show how that extractive land administrative structure has been repurposed by the Indian state for its settler project. The article demonstrates how the Indian state engages in the (epistemic/discursive) erasure of local voices to ensure that the Kashmiri (Muslim) native is stripped of the position of indigeneity both over land and over the narrative of an expropriatory land grab. It further illustrates how the state strives to create facts on the ground to (re)define the ‘native’ and (re)claim the land for Indian Hindu settlers.
Editor's introduction—January 2024
Authors: Warrick Catherine 
Published: January 2024

摘要本文评估了有关2011年阿拉伯起义的一系列出版物中的方法论民族主义、世界主义和跨国主义研究焦点的普遍性和启示。我们提出了一种新的类型学，它将“以国家为中心的方法论民族主义”与“方法论全球主义的世界主义视角”进行对比，作为衡量幅度的两端。跨国主义的概念介于两者之间，这归因于其对多个地点和跨边界变量的敏感性。我们通过定量研究和内容分析来比较这三个研究焦点的价值和局限性。我们对关于阿拉伯起义的十年学术研究进行了系统性综述，结果表明，中东研究中的民族主义研究方法一直处于主导地位。这是出乎意料的，因为阿拉伯起义的多地区性质表明最好对其进行跨国分析。因此，本文批判性地讨论了方法论民族主义偏见，以更好地理解和阐明这一趋势。最后，我们强调了关于“阿拉伯起义中的行动者、过程及其后果”的跨国视角所提供的一些比较优势。
GABAB receptor‐mediated modulation in the developing dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
Authors: Javadova Amina , Felmy Felix 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) is a GABAergic, reciprocally connected auditory brainstem structure that continues to develop postnatally in rodents. One key feature of the DNLL is the generation of a strong, prolonged, ionotropic, GABAA receptor‐mediated inhibition. Possible GABAB receptor‐mediated signalling is unexplored in the DNLL. Here, we used Mongolian gerbils of either sex to describe GABAB receptor‐mediated modulation of postsynaptic potassium currents and synaptic inputs in postnatal (P) animals of days 10/11 and 23–28. Throughout development, we observed the presence of a Baclofen‐activated GABAB receptor‐enhanced potassium outward conductance that is capable of suppressing action potential generation. In P10/11, old gerbils GABAB receptor activation enhances glutamatergic and suppresses ionotropic GABAergic synaptic transmission. During development, this differential modulation becomes less distinct, because in P22–28, old animals Baclofen‐activated GABAB receptors rather enhance ionotropic GABAergic synaptic transmission, whereas glutamatergic transmission is both enhanced and suppressed. Blocking GABAB receptors causes an increase in ionotropic GABAergic transmission in P10/11 old gerbils that was independent on stimulation frequency but depended on the type of short‐term plasticity. Together with the lack of Baclofen‐induced changes in the synaptic paired‐pulse ratio of either input type, we suggest that GABAB receptor‐mediated modulation is predominantly postsynaptic and activates different signalling cascades. Thus, we argue that in DNLL neurons, the GABAB receptor is a post‐synaptically located signalling hub that alters signalling cascades during development for distinct targets.
Chiropractic effects on stride parameters and heart rate during exercise in sport horses
Authors: Lorello Olivia , Rule Emily , Haughan Joanne , Wang Kai , Niu Mutian , Brown Kara , Navas de Solis Cristobal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundEquine veterinarians performing chiropractic treatments are frequently asked to evaluate and treat sound horses to improve their performance and address pain associated with the axial skeleton. Studies describing the effects and mechanisms of chiropractic treatments in horses without overt lameness are scarce.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of chiropractic treatments on stride rate, length, symmetry, heart rate and rider‐perceived quality of the ridden work in sport horses.Study designA blind randomised controlled trial with crossover design.MethodsThirty‐eight horses ridden in the hunter–jumper discipline were enrolled. Exercise tests were recorded before and after chiropractic or sham treatment while horses were wearing a fitness tracker. Stride length, rate and symmetry, heart rate and the perceived quality of the ridden work were compared.ResultsThere was a difference in the qualitative assessment of the ridden work by riders between treatments (odds ratio 33.8, 95% CI [4.68, 458.71], p < 0.01). Stride length, rate, symmetry and heart rate were not different between treatments.Main limitationsThe quantitative outcomes measured may not be sensitive enough to detect changes that improve the ridden work. Terrain, weather and rider were not standard across horses making small changes difficult to detect.ConclusionsRiders participating in a blind randomised controlled trial perceived a positive effect of chiropractic treatments on the quality of the ridden work. There were no differences in stride length, stride rate, stride symmetry or heart rate. The mechanisms, indications and potential benefits of chiropractic treatments in horses need further study.
‘I want to be the sort of owner that he wants me to be’: Rationales for biosecurity implementation among British horse owners
Authors: Spence Kelsey L. , Rosanowski Sarah M. , Slater Josh , Cardwell Jacqueline M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundHorse owners play a critical role in mitigating the risk of pathogen spread between horses. However, little is known about how they view biosecurity and whether they experience barriers to the uptake of preventive measures.ObjectivesTo explore horse owners' attitudes, perceptions, and experiences of biosecurity and identify how these factors shape horse owners' decisions for biosecurity implementation.Study designQualitative study using semi‐structured interviews.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 23 horse owners across Great Britain. Participants were purposively selected to include those in different geographic regions, with different management arrangements, and varied length of horse ownership experience. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using a critical realist thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants felt a moral obligation to prioritise their horse's happiness, which became a challenge when certain biosecurity measures (e.g., quarantine) were perceived as compromising their horse's happiness or comfort (Theme 1). A lack of biosecurity was the social norm among shared yards and competition venues (Theme 2), which made it difficult for participants to implement biosecurity measures effectively on their own. Combined with the sense of moral obligation participants felt towards their horse, this meant that participants had to ‘care double’ (i.e., be more vigilant than they would otherwise) to compensate for collective inaction (Theme 3).Main limitationsParticipants may have been more interested in and/or knowledgeable about biosecurity than the general horse owning population.ConclusionsThe findings highlight several challenges that could be addressed to improve biosecurity implementation among horse owners. Efforts to encourage improved uptake of biosecurity measures should focus on communicating how reducing the risk of disease aligns with horse care. Further research on social norms in the horse industry is needed, in addition to identifying strategies to encourage a collective adoption of biosecurity measures.
Hourly load prediction based feature selection scheme and hybrid CNN‐LSTM method for building's smart solar microgrid
Authors: Da Thao Nguyen , Cho Ming‐Yuan , Thanh Phuong Nguyen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe short‐term load prediction is the critical operation in the peak demand administration and power generation scheduling of buildings that integrated the smart solar microgrid (SSM). Many research studies have proved that hybrid deep learning strategies achieve more accuracy and feasibility in practical applications than individual algorithms. Moreover, many buildings have integrated the SSM on the rooftop with the battery management system (BMS) to enhance energy efficiency management. However, the traditional methodologies only processed the weather parameters and power demand information for short‐term load prediction, ignoring the collected data from SSM and BMS by the advanced metering infrastructures (AMI), which probably improved prediction accuracy. In this research, many accumulated data of building and SSM are collected before methodology implementation. Considering the diversities of accumulated parameters from SSM and BMS, an adaptive convolution neural network long short‐term memory (CNN‐LSTM) is proposed for hourly electrical load prediction. The CNN could extract the critical large‐scale input feature, while the LSTM could achieve better accurate forecasts. The Pearson correlation matrix is calculated for the feature selection scheme from different data units. The hyperparameter tuning is utilized for obtaining the optimized hybrid CNN‐LSTM algorithm. The K‐fold cross‐validation is employed for deep learning algorithm verification, which includes LSTM, GRU, CNN, and Bi‐LSTM methodologies. The results prove that the hybrid CNN‐LSTM achieved outperformed improvements, which are 20.57%, 29.63%, 19.06% in MSE, MAE, MAPE, and 21.24%, 22.02%, 3.82% in validating MSE, MAE, MAPE, respectively. The hybrid CNN and LSTM combined with the feature selection scheme achieve superior predicting accuracies, proving the adaptability ability for integrating into the energy management system (EMS) of the building's SSM.
Study on the degradation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose‐modified magnesium phosphate cement in different solutions
Authors: Chen Junying , Duan Xingze , Wen Jing , Ma Tingting , Liao Jianguo 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMagnesium phosphate bone cement (MPBC) is a bone repair material that has been extensively studied. For better availability of clinical medicine, its degradation rate needs to be effectively controlled. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) has often been used as a drug carrier for controlled drug release. This property was utilized to influence the release kinetics of MPBC. This work investigated the degradation mechanism of MPBC controlled by HPMC. It was found that MPBC samples with 3 wt. % HPMC had the optimal properties. In this case, the setting time was 11 min and the maximum strength was 63.9 ± 2.5 MPa. The study found HPMC primarily controlled the degradation of MPBC hydration products via the combined actions of gradual diffusion, and release of MPBC hydration products, which subsequently caused the swelling, corrosion, and dissolution of the HPMC skeleton. Besides, the results showed that HPMC‐modified MPBC has good bioactivity, which is beneficial to bone repair. This bioactive HPMC‐modified MPBC showed a controllable degradation rate and proper mechanic properties, which may be applied to bone repair.
Influence of in situ dysprosium aluminate garnet formation on sintering of reaction sintered magnesium aluminate spinel
Authors: Baruah Biswajit , Sarkar Ritwik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the present study, commercially available different sources of magnesia and alumina were used to produce reaction sintered magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4). Initially, spinel with stoichiometric composition was prepared from three different sources of Al2O3 and two sources of MgO and then the effect of dysprosia (Dy2O3) in a concentration range of 1–4 wt.% on the sintered properties of spinels was studied in the temperature range of 1550–1650°C. The densities of the doped compositions were higher compared with the undoped ones, and the maximum density was found for the 1 wt.% Dy2O3‐doped samples. Phase analysis and microstructural studies revealed that formation of dysprosium aluminum garnet (Dy3Al5O12) phase along the intergranular positions, which served as grain‐growth inhibitors and improved densification. Further, 1 wt.% Dy2O3‐doped compositions also revealed better flexural strength and retained strength post thermal shock values than undoped spinel.
Pathways to reintegration in Senegal and Nigeria promoted by Italian Assisted Voluntary Return programmes
Authors: Caselli Marco , Marcu Oana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis article presents the main findings of a research study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of pathways to reintegration for citizens repatriated from Italy to Senegal and Nigeria through Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR) programmes. Based on the scientific debate on the subject, the article begins by offering an in‐depth exploration of the issue of whether or not AVRR is truly voluntary, as well as the meaning of the term ‘reintegration’. It then illustrates the Italian AVRR system before presenting the methodology and results of the research carried out. In particular, the aim is to identify and analyse the main factors upon which the result of the reintegration of citizens who have used AVRR programmes depends, perhaps most notably the type of reception given to the returnee by friends and relatives who remained in their home country.
The relationship between self‐efficacy, malicious or benign envy in nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Polat Şehrinaz , Yeşil Aslı , Afşar Doğrusöz Leyla 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimTo determine whether nurses' self‐efficacy affected envy levels and to develop the necessary strategies.BackgroundEnvy is a widespread global phenomenon. Envy can harm the individual, the work environment, and nursing care. However, the relationships between self‐efficacy and envy have not been adequately explored in the nursing context.MethodsThis study was conducted as a cross‐sectional descriptive study. The study sample consisted of 361 nurses working in a university hospital in a province of Türkiye. The research model was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The participants were selected using convenience sampling. This study was reported using the STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.ResultsNurses' educational status affected their self‐efficacy. No other personal characteristics influenced self‐efficacy and envy. There was a positive relationship between malicious and benign envy. As nurses' self‐efficacy increased, malicious envy decreased and benign envy increased.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that nurses' education level affected self‐efficacy, and self‐efficacy level affected envy, and malicious envy could be reduced by improving nurses' self‐efficacy.Implications for nursing and health policyNursing managers and policymakers should support nursing education at the minimum undergraduate level, encourage nurses to continue their professional education to improve their self‐efficacy, and provide training to increase their self‐efficacy.
In‐field detection and characterization of B/Victoria lineage deletion variant viruses causing early influenza activity and an outbreak in Louisiana, 2019
Authors: Shu Bo , Wilson Malania M. , Keller Matthew W. , Tran Ha , Sokol Theresa , Lee Grace , Rambo‐Martin Benjamin L. , Kirby Marie K. , Hassell Norman , Haydel Danielle , Hand Julie , Wentworth David E. , Barnes John R. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn 2019, the Louisiana Department of Health reported an early influenza B/Victoria (B/VIC) virus outbreak.MethodAs it was an atypically large outbreak, we deployed to Louisiana to investigate it using genomics and a triplex real‐time RT‐PCR assay to detect three antigenically distinct B/VIC lineage variant viruses.ResultsThe investigation indicated that B/VIC V1A.3 subclade, containing a three amino acid deletion in the hemagglutinin and known to be antigenically distinct to the B/Colorado/06/2017 vaccine virus, was the most prevalent circulating virus within the specimens evaluated (86/88 in real‐time RT‐PCR).ConclusionThis work underscores the value of portable platforms for rapid, onsite pathogen characterization.
Surveillance of seasonal influenza viruses during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tokyo, Japan, 2018–2023, a single‐center study
Authors: Takahashi Hidenori , Nagamatsu Hiroki , Yamada Yuka , Toba Naoya , Toyama‐Kousaka Mio , Ota Shinichiro , Morikawa Miwa , Shinoda Masahiro , Takano Syunsuke , Fukasawa Suzuko , Park Kaeyoung , Yano Takahiko , Mineshita Masamichi , Shinkai Masaharu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIntroductionCOVID‐19 pandemic led to significant reductions in influenza detection worldwide, fueling debates on whether influenza truly ceased circulating in communities. The number of influenza cases decreased significantly in Japan, raising concerns about the potential risk of decreased immunity to influenza in the population. Our single‐center study aimed to investigate influenza trends before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Tokyo, Japan.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included patients of all ages who visited Tokyo Shinagawa Hospital between April 1, 2018, and March 31, 2023. Influenza and COVID‐19 tests were conducted using Quick Navi‐Flu2 and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We analyzed data from before and during the COVID‐19 epidemic, based on patient background, hospitalization, and deaths, collected from medical records.ResultsA total of 12 577 influenza tests were conducted, with approximately 100 tests consistently performed each month even in the influenza off‐season. Throughout the observation period, 962 positive cases were identified. However, no cases were observed for 27 months between March 2020 and November 2022. Influenza A cases were reobserved in December 2022, followed by influenza B cases in March 2023, similar to the influenza incidence reports from Tokyo. The positivity rate during the 2022–2023 winter season was lower than before the COVID‐19 epidemic and decreased in elderly patients, with no hospitalizations or deaths observed.ConclusionThis single‐center study provided actual trend data for influenza patients before and during COVID‐19 outbreaks in Tokyo, which could offer insights into the potential impact and likelihood of influenza virus infection in Japan.
Composition formulas of silicate glasses
Authors: Dong Chenxi , Ma Yanping , Jiang Hong , Dong Chuang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe here extend the cluster‐plus‐glue‐atom model, originally developed for metallic glasses, to the interpretation of silicate glass compositions. By referring to β‐SiO2 crystal structure and to the widely recognized random network model, our model identifies a 16‐basic‐unit (or 32‐cation) composition formula {M1+2O}n–{M3+2O3}16−(m+n)–{M4+2O4}m, where monovalent unit {M1+2O} and quadrivalent unit {M4+2O4} cannot coexist and the trivalent units {M3+2O3} are constructed from pure trivalent cations such as {(Al,B)2O3} and from combinations of monovalent and divalent cations with the base quadrivalent Si such as {(Na,K)2/3Si4/3O3} and {(Mg,Ca)SiO3}. After analyzing some glasses of historical importance, it is pointed out that most of soda–lime–silica and aluminosilicate glasses satisfy closely {M3+2O3}16, as exemplified by ancient glasses as well as by modern ones, such as Container glass, 1980, Jena Standard Glass, and Corning Gorilla glasses of the first generation. On the other hand, borosilicate glasses feature extra {Si2O4} units ranging from 4 to 9.5 in their 16‐unit formulas, as exemplified by Corning E‐glass and Schott thermometer glass with {Si2O4}4 and Corning Pyrex with {Si2O4}9.5 containing the highest silica proportion. The number of monovalent cations in 32‐cation formulas follows linear dependences on the average cation valence e/c and on the 16‐unit parameters 2 m − 4n, showing that, except alkali‐free glasses, the compositions of soda–silicate glasses converge to 2N2 + N3 ≈ 8, where N2 and N3 are, respectively, the numbers of divalent and trivalent cations in the 32‐cation formula. The revelation of the composition rule shows the capacity of the cluster‐plus‐glue‐atom model in understanding the compositions of complex glassy systems.