bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiota and Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Yang Kun , He Hongxia , Dong Wenbin 
Published: February 2024

Objective To characterize the relationship between gut microbiota and neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers based on the gut-kidney axis.
Study Design The Pubmed database was primarily searched to include relevant literature on gut microbiota and neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers, which was subsequently organized and analyzed and a manuscript was written.
Results Gut microbiota was associated with neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers. These biomarkers included TIMP-2, IGFBP-7, VEGF, calbindin, GST, B2MG, ghrelin, and clusterin.
Conclusion The gut microbiota is strongly associated with neonatal acute kidney injury biomarkers, and controlling the gut microbiota may be a potential target for ameliorating neonatal acute kidney injury.
Key Points
Neonatal Outcomes among Fetuses with an Abdominal Circumference <3rd %ile and Estimated Fetal Weight 3rd to 9th %ile Compared to Fetuses with an EFW <3rd %ile
Authors: Horgan Rebecca , Nehme Lea , Jensen Hannah J. , Shah Anika P. , Saal Ryan , Onishi Kazuma , Kawakita Tetsuya , Martins Juliana G. , Abuhamad Alfred 
Published: February 2024

Objective Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is defined as an estimated fetal weight (EFW) or abdominal circumference (AC) <10th percentile (%ile) for gestational age (GA). An EFW <3rd %ile for GA is considered severe FGR (sFGR). It remains unknown if fetuses with isolated AC <3rd %ile should be considered sFGR. Our primary objective was to assess composite neonatal outcomes in fetuses with an AC <3rd %ile and overall EFW 3rd to 9th %ile compared with those with an EFW <3rd %ile.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study was undertaken at a tertiary academic center from January 2016 to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were singleton fetuses with an EFW <3rd %ile (Group 1) or AC <3rd %ile with EFW 3rd to 9th %ile (Group 2) at 28 weeks' gestation or greater. Exclusion criteria were multiple gestations, presence of a major fetal anomaly, resolution of FGR, genetic syndrome, or infection. Composite neonatal outcome was defined by any of the following: neonatal intensive care unit admission >48 hours, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation, retinopathy of prematurity, seizures, intraventricular hemorrhage, stillbirth, or death before discharge. Small for gestational age (SGA) was defined as birth weight <10th %ile for GA.
Results A total of 743 patients fulfilled our study criteria, with 489 in Group 1 and 254 in Group 2. The composite neonatal outcome occurred in 281 (57.5%) neonates in Group 1 and 53 (20.9%) in Group 2 (p < 0.01). The rates of SGA at birth were 94.9 and 75.6% for Group 1 and Group 2, respectively (OR 5.99, 95% confidence interval 3.65–9.82).
Conclusion Although AC <3rd %ile with EFW 3rd to 9th %ile is associated with a lower frequency of SGA and neonatal morbidity than EFW <3 %ile, fetuses with AC <3 %ile still exhibited moderate rates of these adverse perinatal outcomes. Consideration should be given to inclusion of an AC <3rd %ile with EFW 3rd to 9th %ile as a criterion for sFGR. However, prospective studies comparing delivery at 37 versus 38 to 39 weeks' gestation are needed to ensure improved outcomes before widespread adaptation in clinical practice.
Key Points
Are Racial Disparities in Cesarean Due to Differences in Labor Induction Management?
Authors: Hamm Rebecca F. , McCoy Jennifer A. , Clark Rebecca R.S. , Parry Samuel , Levine Lisa D. 
Published: February 2024

Objective While there are known racial disparities in cesarean delivery (CD) rates, the exact etiologies for these disparities are multifaceted. We aimed to determine if differences in induction of labor (IOL) management contribute to these disparities.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study evaluated all nulliparous patients with an unfavorable cervix and intact membranes who underwent IOL of a term, singleton gestation at a single institution from October 1, 2018, to September 30, 2020. IOL management was at clinician discretion. Patients were classified as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) or White based on self-report. Overall rates of CD were compared for BIPOC versus White race. Chart review then evaluated various IOL management strategies as possible contributors to differences in CD by race.
Results Of 1,261 eligible patients, 915 (72.6%) identified as BIPOC and 346 (27.4%) as White. BIPOC patients were more likely to be younger (26 years interquartile range (IQR): [22–30] vs. 32 years IQR: [30–35], p < 0.001) and publicly insured (59.1 vs. 9.9%, p < 0.001). Indication for IOL and modified Bishop score also differed by race (p < 0.001; p = 0.006). There was 40% increased risk of CD for BIPOC patients, even when controlling for confounders (30.7 vs. 21.7%, p = 0.001; adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.06–1.86]). Despite this difference in CD, there were no identifiable differences in IOL management prior to decision for CD by race. Specifically, there were no differences in choice of cervical ripening agent, cervical dilation at or time to amniotomy, use and maximum dose of oxytocin, or dilation at CD. However, BIPOC patients were more likely to undergo CD for fetal indications and failed IOL.
Conclusion BIPOC nulliparas are 40% more likely to undergo CD during IOL than White patients within our institution. These data suggest that the disparity is not explained by differences in IOL management prior to cesarean, indicating that biases outside of induction management may be important to target to reduce CD disparities.
Key Points
Anticoagulation Stewardship to Bridge the Implementation Gap in Perioperative Anticoagulation Management
Authors: Tafur Alfonso J. , Barnes Geoffrey D. , Bhagirath Vinai C. , Douketis James 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLack of alignment of care protocols among providers in health care is a driver of increased costs and suboptimal patient outcomes. Perioperative anticoagulation management is a good example of a complex area where protocol creation is a clinical challenge that demands input from multiple experts. Questions regarding the need for anticoagulation interruptions are frequent. Yet, due to layers of complexity involving analysis of anticoagulation indication, surgical risk, and anesthesia-associated bleeding risk as well as institutional practices, there is heterogeneity in how these interruptions are approached. The recent perioperative anticoagulation guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians summarize extensive evidence for the management of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications in patients who undergo elective interventions. However, implementation of these guidelines by individual clinicians is highly varied and often does not follow the best available clinical evidence. Against this background, anticoagulation stewardship units, which exist to improve safety and quality monitoring for the anticoagulated patient, are of growing interest. These units provide a bridge for the implementation of value-based, high-quality guidelines for patients who need perioperative anticoagulation interruption. We use a case to pragmatically illustrate the problem and tactics for change management and implementation science that may facilitate the adoption of perioperative anticoagulation guidelines.
Right Ventricular Structure and Function in Adolescent Athletes: A 3D
Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Ujvári Adrienn , Fábián Alexandra , Lakatos Bálint , Tokodi Márton , Ladányi Zsuzsanna , Sydó Nóra , Csulak Emese , Vágó Hajnalka , Juhász Vencel , Grebur Kinga , Szűcs Andrea , Zámodics Márk , Babity Máté , Kiss Orsolya , Merkely Béla , Kovács Attila 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize the right ventricular (RV) contraction
pattern and its associations with exercise capacity in a large cohort of
adolescent athletes using resting three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE). We
enrolled 215 adolescent athletes (16±1 years, 169 males, 12±6 hours of
training/week) and compared them to 38 age and sex-matched healthy, sedentary
adolescents. We measured the 3DE-derived biventricular ejection fractions (EF).
We also determined the relative contributions of longitudinal EF (LEF/RVEF) and
radial EF (REF/RVEF) to the RVEF. Same-day cardiopulmonary exercise testing was
performed to calculate VO2/kg. Both LV and RVEFs were significantly
lower (athletes vs. controls; LVEF: 57±4 vs 61±3, RVEF: 55±5 vs 60±5%,
p<0.001). Interestingly, while the relative contribution of radial shortening
to the global RV EF was also reduced (REF/RVEF: 0.40±0.10 vs 0.49±0.06,
p<0.001), the contribution of the longitudinal contraction was significantly
higher in athletes (LEF/RVEF: 0.45±0.08 vs 0.40±0.07, p<0.01). The
supernormal longitudinal shortening correlated weakly with a higher
VO2/kg (r=0.138, P=0.044). Similarly to the adult athlete’s
heart, the cardiac adaptation of adolescent athletes comprises higher
biventricular volumes and lower resting functional measures with supernormal RV
longitudinal shortening. Characteristic exercise-induced structural and
functional cardiac changes are already present in adolescence.
‘Transference is love’: Love and the logical impossibility of collective life in Lacan and Simmel
Authors: Smith Daniel R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article argues that Freud’s concept of ‘transference-love’ – the phenomenon where patients fall in love with their psychoanalysts – could become the basis for a theory of collective life. Freud’s radical claim that transference-love, despite its immoral appearance, is real love is situated in relation to the problems facing the sociology of romantic love: modern couples are problematised for being unable to provide a normative foundation for not only sexual desire, but social solidarity outright. This article restates the problem: transference is not a lesson in how love resists norms, but how love is resistant to logic. Transference-love arises out of a social condition Georg Simmel called life’s fragmentary character, marked by asymmetries appearing symmetrical: instead of transference being a case where we fall in love with the wrong person, transference is a case where our mistaken apprehensions of others is the precondition for our bonds to them. Viewed through the phenomenon of transference, love illuminates this asymmetrical form of life. It is argued that transference could be understood, sociologically, as demonstrating a logical impossibility to collective life: that a shared life together is possible, but nevertheless relies upon something that evades each of us.
Exploring user interaction patterns in an online physician interactive community based on exponential random graph models
Authors: Liu Jingfang , Zeng Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe online physician interactive community (OPIC) is a platform designed for medical workers to discuss medical issues. Physician users can create content in OPIC by posting and replying to posts to discuss the solutions of medical problems with other users. The OPIC plays an important role in bringing together physicians from different medical specialties and disseminating medical experience. However, most OPIC users are not very active in replying to posts, which makes it difficult to fulfill users’ needs for medical information exchange and the development of OPIC is difficult. Current research has given little attention to the communication of physician users in the OPIC. It is necessary to examine how reposting links are established between users in OPIC. This study builds a user interaction network based on the perspective of social network analysis using user repost data from a well-known OPIC in China. Then, an exponential random graph model (ERGM) was applied to quantitatively analyze this user interaction network. Some reposting patterns among OPIC users were discovered. There is significant reciprocity in OPIC of reposting interactions between users. Users with homogeneous characteristics in terms of professional status, community honor status, and geographic location were more likely to interact with each other. In addition, users who added a profile, had a higher level of social effort, and generated more neutral content were more likely to receive responses from others. This study reveals the interaction patterns between physician users in OPIC, which enriches the related research within the OPIC domain and helps to improve communication between users in OPIC.
PBr3 adsorption on a chlorinated Si(100) surface with mono- and bivacancies
Authors: Pavlova T. V. , Shevlyuga V. M. 
Published: February 2024

For the most precise incorporation of single impurities in silicon, which is utilized to create quantum devices, a monolayer of adatoms on the Si(100) surface and a dopant-containing molecule are used. Here, we studied the interaction of phosphorus tribromide with a chlorine monolayer with mono- and bivacancies using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) at 77 K. The combination of different halogens in the molecule and the adsorbate layer enabled unambiguous identification of the structures after PBr3 dissociation on Si(100)-Cl. A Cl monolayer was exposed to PBr3 in the STM chamber, which allows us to compare the same surface areas before and after PBr3 adsorption. As a result of this comparison, we detected small changes in the chlorine layer and unraveled the molecular fragments filling mono- and bivacancies. Using density functional theory, we found that the phosphorus atom occupies a bridge position after dissociation of the PBr3 molecule, which primarily bonds with silicon in Cl bivacancies. These findings provide insight into the interaction of a dopant-containing molecule with an adsorbate monolayer on Si(100) and can be applied to improve the process of single impurity incorporation into silicon.
Molecular interactions of acids and salts with polyampholytes
Authors: Das Sougat , Basu Tithi , Majumdar Saptarshi 
Published: February 2024

The Hofmeister series characterizes the ability of salt anions to precipitate polyampholytes/proteins. However, the variation of protein size in the bulk solution of acids and the effect of salts on the same have not been studied well. In this article, the four acids (CH3COOH, HNO3, H2SO4, and HCl) and their effects on the hydrodynamic radius (RH) of gelatin in the bulk solution are investigated. The effects of Na salt with the same anions are also considered to draw a comparison between the interactions of acids and salts with polyampholytes. It is suggested that the interactions of polyampholytes with acids are different from those of salts. The interaction series of polyampholytes with acids with respect to the RH of the polyampholyte is CH3COO−&gt;NO3−&gt;Cl−&gt;SO42− whereas the interaction series with salts is SO42−&gt;CH3COO−&gt;Cl−&gt;NO3−. These different interactions are due to equilibration between acid dissociation and protonation of polyampholytes. Another important factor contributing to the interactions in weak acids is the fact that undissociated acid hinders the movement of dissociated acid. Experiments and simulations were performed to understand these interactions, and the results were identical in terms of the trend in RH (from the experiments) and the radius of gyration (Rg) (from the simulations). It is concluded that the valence of ions and dissociation affect the interaction in the case of acids. However, the interactions are influenced by the kosmotropic and chaotropic effect, hydration, and mobility in the case of salts.
Bilingual and monolingual adults’ lexical choice in storytelling
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Tewelde Danat , Zeschuk Valin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Bilinguals often have a harder time accessing words for production than monolinguals, perhaps because they have
less exposure to words from each language (the weaker-links hypothesis). This research on lexical access mostly comes from studies
of words in isolation. The purpose of the present study was to test whether bilinguals also show greater lexical access
difficulties than monolinguals when telling a story. In the context of a narrative, we predicted that bilinguals would produce
fewer different words and words of higher frequency than monolinguals, in order to make lexical access easier. For the same
reason, we also predicted that bilinguals would use more cognates than monolinguals. English monolinguals, French monolinguals,
and highly proficient French-English bilinguals watched a cartoon and told the story back. We coded the words they used for
frequency and cognate status. In English, the results showed little difference between bilinguals and monolinguals on word
frequency and cognate status. In French, first-language-English bilinguals used higher frequency words than first-language-French
bilinguals. These results support predictions from the weaker-links hypothesis in lexical access for storytelling, albeit only for
French.
Probing students’ understanding of Einsteinian physics concepts: a study in primary and secondary Greek schools
Authors: Vakarou Georgia , Stylos Georgios , Kotsis Konstantinos T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Internationally, the need to modernize school curricula and introduce the concepts of modern physics into schools has been accepted in recent years. Research on introducing Einsteinian physics (EP) to the most effective school age is lagging. The present study aims to evaluate a short intervention in Einstein’s physics and determine the school level at which the concepts of EP are optimally comprehended. Therefore, a teaching intervention was carried out to 325 Greek students; 83 students in 6th grade (11–12 years old), 116 students in 9th grade (14–15 years old), and 126 students in 11th grade (16–17 years old). All students completed pre—and post—conceptual and attitudinal questionnaires. According to data analysis, the conceptual performance of students concerning EP improved significantly. In concrete, students of 11th grade have exceeded the conceptual scores, compared with general changes identified to the majority of school grades. Moreover, the study participants had a positive attitude towards science, mostly towards Einstein’s physics, before the teaching intervention, which remained at a high level after the intervention. The study generates useful results for introducing modern physics in primary and secondary education.
Radial vibration analysis for piezoceramic shell-stacked spherical transducer with thick walls
Authors: Tang Yifan , Chen Cheng , Tian Hua , Lin Shuyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the development of ultrasonic transducers, spherical piezoelectric transducers have attracted tremendous attention in a variety of application fields due to their ability to resist higher pressures and produce omnidirectional radiation. However, the wall thickness of piezoceramic spherical shells is usually thin due to the limitations of polarization technology and operating voltage, leading to the limited vibration performance and power capacity of the spherical transducer. We present a piezoceramic shell-stacked spherical transducer (PSST) capable of addressing the problem of difficult excitation caused by the thick wall of the piezoceramic shell. The resulting device consists of a two-layered piezoceramic shell interposed between the inner and outer concentric spherical metal shells. By removing the equivalent mechanical transformers, a novel electromechanical equivalent circuit of the PSST is established to simplify the theoretical analysis of the designed PSST. The electromechanical characteristics of the resulting device are experimentally verified, and the measured results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions and simulation results. Our design opens up possibilities for designing spherical transducers with high-vibration performance and may offer potential for a wide range of applications such as underwater detection and structural health monitoring.
Multiple ultra-narrow band-stop filters based on MIM plasmonic waveguide with nanoring cavities
Authors: Korkmaz Semih 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this work, multiple ultra-narrow band-stop filters based on metal–insulator–metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide filters with high efficiency are designed and analyzed numerically. The relationship between incident radiation and transmission spectra is investigated between 0.45 μm and 1.5 μm in the electromagnetic spectrum by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The designed structures have a bus waveguide coupled with nanoring cavity resonators of different sizes. Minimum transmission is 1.3% at 622 nm. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 8.64 nm and the quality factor is obtained as 72.33 in this wavelength. The highest quality factor is 185.48 and the lowest FWHM is 4.2 nm at 779 nm. The designed waveguide-based filters can be used for integrated optical devices from visible to near-infrared regimes.
Belt conveyor speed detection based on fiber-optic Sagnac interferometer vibration sensor
Authors: Hou Yaru , Niu Pingjuan , Shi Jia , Xie Yuan , Yang Mengyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With their long transportation distance and high productivity, belt conveyors are characterized as the main equipment for bulk material transportation in coal mines and other key industries. However, its speed detection method has always been an engineering challenge under harsh working conditions. In this work, the elastic-optical effect of the polarization-maintaining fiber is used to design a fiber ring laser vibration sensing system based on a fiber-optic Sagnac interferometer vibration sensor and its packaging structure. The vibration detection is achieved by detecting the change in optical power at the working wavelength, and the belt conveyor speed measurement is completed by detecting the vibration frequency. With such a method, the belt conveyor speed measurement obtained a relative error of less than 1.88%. The proposed method bears the characteristics of anti-electromagnetic interference, intrinsic explosion-proof, and adapts to the harsh smoke and dust working environment, which has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of engineering, machinery, security, etc.