bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of the Language Use Inventory in Young Children at Elevated Likelihood of Autism
Authors: Blume Jessica , Miller Meghan , O'Neill Daniela , Mastergeorge Ann M. , Ozonoff Sally 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
The aims of this study were (a) to evaluate the convergent validity of the Language Use Inventory (LUI) with measures of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, language, and social skills and (b) to assess discriminant validity of the LUI with measures of nonlanguage skills, including daily living skills and motor development.

Method:

This study sample included participants from a longitudinal study (
n
= 239) of infant siblings with elevated familial likelihood of ASD and lower familial likelihood. Assessment measures completed at 36 months included the LUI, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule–Second Edition (ADOS-2), the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition. Bivariate Pearson correlations were estimated between ADOS-2 comparison scores and four language and social skills measures. Additional correlations were estimated between LUI total scores and standard scores from nonlanguage measures. A series of Fisher's
Z
transformations were applied to evaluate whether bivariate correlations were significantly different.

Results:
All four language and social skill measures were moderately to strongly associated with each other and ASD symptom severity scores. The correlation between ADOS-2 comparison scores and LUI total scores was significantly stronger than ADOS-2 correlations with all other measures.

Conclusions:
Our findings provide support for the LUI as a feasible, pragmatic language–targeted instrument for inclusion in early developmental evaluations prompted by language concerns. Administration of the LUI may accelerate earlier referral for a comprehensive assessment of ASD symptoms. Given the high correlation with ADOS-2 scores, an LUI total score in a clinical range of concern may encourage a clinician to refer families for a full diagnostic evaluation of ASD.
Court Accommodations for People With Aphasia (1915–2021)
Authors: Sherratt Sue 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Ensuring effective access to justice for persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others may include the provision of reasonable and appropriate accommodations or modifications to the court process. The major barriers facing people with aphasia when accessing court may be more about accessing information about the law and the communication and language barriers while interacting with the court and judicial personnel. This study aims to determine what accommodations to the court process are reported when people with aphasia access the U.S. court system.

Method:
Using the LexisNexis and Google Scholar case law databases, a systematic review of all U.S. court cases (1915–2021) documenting aphasia/dysphasia revealed 1,295 case reports, excluding duplicates. After elimination for exclusion criteria, 389 were searched for accommodation/modification, resulting in a total of 15 cases being identified. Data software was used to identify aphasia description, health professionals, and accommodations provided. Quantitative descriptive statistics are provided and exemplified with quotes.

Results:
Accommodations to allow greater participation for people with aphasia were rarely permitted. Analysis revealed limited descriptions of aphasia and demonstrated that the court, the judge, or psychologists determined modifications with no speech-language pathology input. Accommodations reported related to modifications to the court proceedings, questioning, alternative responses, presence of a support person, and preparation for the trial.

Conclusions:
People with aphasia are at continued risk of being unable to access and participate in the court system without appropriate accommodations. Based on these findings and disability literature, a preliminary provisional list of accommodations and modifications relevant to people with aphasia is presented. The aim of this list is to expedite and promote the use of courtroom accommodations for these individuals.
An audio‐based risky flight detection framework for quadrotors
Authors: Liu Wansong , Liu Chang , Sajedi Seyedomid , Su Hao , Liang Xiao , Zheng Minghui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDrones have increasingly collaborated with human workers in some workspaces, such as warehouses. The failure of a drone flight may bring potential risks to human beings' life safety during some aerial tasks. One of the most common flight failures is triggered by damaged propellers. To quickly detect physical damage to propellers, recognise risky flights, and provide early warnings to surrounding human workers, a new and comprehensive fault diagnosis framework is presented that uses only the audio caused by propeller rotation without accessing any flight data. The diagnosis framework includes three components: leverage convolutional neural networks, transfer learning, and Bayesian optimisation. Particularly, the audio signal from an actual flight is collected and transferred into time–frequency spectrograms. First, a convolutional neural network‐based diagnosis model that utilises these spectrograms is developed to identify whether there is any broken propeller involved in a specific drone flight. Additionally, the authors employ Monte Carlo dropout sampling to obtain the inconsistency of diagnostic results and compute the mean probability score vector's entropy (uncertainty) as another factor to diagnose the drone flight. Next, to reduce data dependence on different drone types, the convolutional neural network‐based diagnosis model is further augmented by transfer learning. That is, the knowledge of a well‐trained diagnosis model is refined by using a small set of data from a different drone. The modified diagnosis model has the ability to detect the broken propeller of the second drone. Thirdly, to reduce the hyperparameters' tuning efforts and reinforce the robustness of the network, Bayesian optimisation takes advantage of the observed diagnosis model performances to construct a Gaussian process model that allows the acquisition function to choose the optimal network hyperparameters. The proposed diagnosis framework is validated via real experimental flight tests and has a reasonably high diagnosis accuracy.
Hexagonal zoning deadbeat model predictive control of induction motor
Authors: Lotfollahzadegan Saeed , Davari S. Alireza , Mousavi Mahdi S. , Chegeni Alireza , Tarisciotti Luca , Rodriguez Jose 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDeadbeat model predictive control is known as a precise control method in motor control applications. Recently, finite set deadbeat control is applied to power electronics applications. A voltage‐based cost function is used to select the closest voltage vector to the reference vector by examining all possible states in the cost function. This method needs a high amount of computation when it is applied to multilevel inverters or virtual voltage vectors due to a considerable increase in the number of candidates. Some studies have been done to reduce the number of candidate voltage vectors and computation burden. The methodology in these methods is based on finding the adjacent area and applying the vertex vectors to the cost function. So, these strategies are multi‐step and complex. The hexagonal zoning deadbeat model predictive control is proposed and introduced. The basic idea of the proposed method is that each zone should contain only one vector. In this way, the area identification is equal to finding the optimum voltage selection. Hexagonal zoning is used, which simplifies the process of identifying the area. A simple area identification method is developed based on the reference voltage phase angle. The proposed method can be applied to different inverters with different spatial vector diagrams. Furthermore, the synthesis of the virtual vector is manipulated to reduce the torque and flux ripple. The proposed method is experimentally evaluated by applications to the virtual voltage switching of a two‐level inverter for the induction motor drive in this research.
Rare‐earth‐free Al‐Ni‐Co hybrid PMa‐SyRM for an air‐conditioner compressor
Authors: Vegireddy Gowtham , Sampathirao Sashidhar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA hybrid ferrite‐Al‐Ni‐Co permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa‐SyRM) for an air‐conditioner compressor is proposed. Al‐Ni‐Co PMs have high residual flux density similar to rare‐earth PMs such as Nd‐Fe‐B and Sm‐Co. Therefore, the performance parameters of the PMa‐SyRM such as power factor, efficiency etc., with Al‐Ni‐Co PMs can be improved without significantly increasing the cost of the motor. However, Al‐Ni‐Co PMs have a steep IInd‐quadrant B‐H curve, and the challenge lies in addressing their demagnetisation issues. In the proposed hybrid PMa‐SyRM, the rotor geometry is suitably optimised for placing the Al‐Ni‐Co PMs in the centre flux barriers to address the demagnetisation issues. Further, an analytical magnetic circuit is presented to design the proposed PMa‐SyRM. Later, 2‐D finite element analysis of the proposed motor including the demagnetisation analysis of PMs and stress analysis of the rotor is carried out and presented. A prototype is fabricated, experimental validation is carried out, and the results of the performance and cost are compared with that of ferrite and hybrid ferrite‐Nd‐Fe‐B PMa‐SyRM.
YOLOv5s maritime distress target detection method based on swin transformer
Authors: Liu Kun , Qi Yueshuang , Xu Guofeng , Li Jianglong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the task of maritime emergency rescue has increased, while the cost of time for traditional methods of search and rescue is pretty long with poor effect subject to the constraints of the complex circumstances around the sea, the effective conditions, and the support capability. This paper applies deep learning and proposes a YOLOv5s‐SwinDS algorithm for target detection in distress at sea. Firstly, the backbone network of the YOLOv5s algorithm is replaced by swin transformer, and a multi‐level feature fusion module is introduced to enhance the feature expression ability for maritime targets. Secondly, deformable convolutional networks v2 (DCNv2) is used instead of traditional convolution to improve the recognition capability for irregular targets when the neck network features are output. Finally, the CIoU loss function is replaced with SIoU to reduce the redundant box effectively while accelerating the convergence and regression of the predicted box. Experimenting on the publicly dataset SeaDronesSee, the , , and of YOLOv5s‐SwinDS model are 87.9%, 75.8%, 79.1% and 42.9%, respectively, which get higher results than the original YOLOv5s model, the YOLOv7 series of models, and the YOLOv8 series of models. The experiments verifies that the algorithm has good performance in detecting maritime distress targets.
Research on fast frequency response to AC grid of a battery‐free MVDC system incorporating a high proportion of distributed photovoltaic generation units with reserve capacity
Authors: Fan Yiwen , Chi Yongning , Liu Hongzhi , Lin Weifang , Wang Zhibing , Liu Chao , Jiang Bingwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWith the fast development of renewable energy, system operators intend to require renewable energy generation to have more grid support capabilities. This paper studies the grid‐connected control strategy of a battery‐free medium‐voltage direct current (MVDC) system with distributed photovoltaic generation units (DPVGUs), aiming to realize the rapid grid support function to AC grid frequency. Firstly, a scheme for the MVDC system can keep some reserve capacity is provided. At this moment, DPVGUs execute a master‐slave coordinated control strategy, that is, the master DPVGU adopts an improved DC constant voltage control strategy to maintain the MVDC bus voltage, and the remaining DPVGUs adopt an improved droop control strategy to quickly provide corresponding power. Secondly, when the frequency deviation of AC grid exceeds the deadband of primary frequency control, fast frequency response (FFR) control strategy of the modular multilevel converter is proposed, aiming to actively transmit some or all of the reserved power of the MVDC system to the AC grid and can quickly provide frequency support to AC grid. In FFR control strategy, an additional control strategy is added on the vector control strategy. Finally, simulation studies are carried out in RTDS to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Common direct current (DC) bus integration of DC fast chargers, grid‐scale energy storage, and solar photovoltaic: New York City case study
Authors: Kamaludeen Mohamed K. , Zafar Kirn , Esa Yusef , Mohamed Ahmed Ali A. , Nyemah Elihu , Salmeron Lizzette , Odie Simon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe mass deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs) to achieve clean energy objectives has become a major goal across several states in the U.S. However, the viability and reality of achieving these goals in dense urban areas, such as New York City, are challenged by several ‘Techno‐Economic’ barriers associated with available land space and the number of AC/direct current (DC) conversion stages that requires multiple electrical balance of plant (BOP) equipment for pairing/interconnecting these resources to the grid. The fundamental issue of interconnection is addressed by assessing the use of a common DC bus in a one‐of‐a‐kind configuration (to pair grid‐connected energy storage, photovoltaic, and electric vehicle chargers (EVC) systems) and reduce the number of BOP equipment needed for deployment. Building on similar work that has touched on distribution‐level DC interconnection, this paper will also address the intricacies of interconnecting third‐party and Utility DERs to a DC‐based point of common coupling. It will examine the requisite site controller configuration (control architecture) and requirements to coordinate the energy storage system's use between managing Utility and Third‐Party EVC demand while prioritising dispatch. The result shows that the DC‐coupled system is technologically feasible and hierarchical control architecture is recommended to maintain stability during various use cases proposed. This will inform a lab demonstration of this system that aims to test DC integration of the DERs with recommendations for the microgrid (MG) controllers and reduction in the BOP equipment. These learnings will then be applied to practical grid‐scale deployment of the systems at Con Edison's Cedar Street Substation. This system, if proven successful, has the potential to change the way community distributed generation and MGs are interconnected to the Utility System.
HdC and EHe stars through the prism ofGaiaDR3
Authors: Tisserand P. , Crawford C. L. , Soon J. , Clayton G. C. , Ruiter A. J. , Seitenzahl I. R. 
Published: January 2024

Context. TheGaiaDR3 release includes heliocentric radial velocity measurements and velocity variability indices for tens of millions of stars observed over 34 months.Aims. In this study, we utilise these indices to investigate the intrinsic radial velocity variations of Hydrogen-deficient Carbon (HdC) stars and Extreme Helium (EHe) stars across their large ranges of temperature and brightness.Methods. Taking advantage of the newly defined HdC temperature classes, we examine the evolution of the total velocity amplitude with effective temperature. Additionally, we analyse the variation in the dust production rate of R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars with temperature using two different proxies for the photometric state of RCB stars: one fromGaiaand another from the 2MASS survey.Results. Our observations revealed a trend in the evolution of the maximum radial velocity amplitude across each HdC temperature class. Similarly, we also observed a correlation between stellar temperature and the dust production rate.Conclusions. Interestingly, we possibly observed for the first time some variations of the intrinsic radial velocity amplitude and the dust production rate with HdC temperature class. If confirmed, these variations would indicate that the helium shell-burning giant stage starts with strong atmospheric motions that decrease in strength, up to ~6000 K, before picking up again as the HdC star atmosphere shrinks further in size and reaches warmer temperatures. Moreover, the dust formation rate appears to be much higher in colder RCB stars compared to warmer ones.
Synthesis of Stilbenyl and Bibenzyl Cannabinoids and Analysis of Their Cannabimimetic Potential
Authors: Kayser Oliver , Jordan Erin Noel , Nguyen Gia-Nam , Reynoso-Moreno Inés , Gertsch Jürg 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEfficient syntheses of stilbenyl and bibenzyl cannabinoids were investigated. A comprehensive synthetic strategy without protecting groups was constructed on direct C–C condensation and [3+3] annulation followed by different intramolecular cyclizations or reductive aromatization. In total, 14 cannabinoids representing chemical diversity were tested for their effect on cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, and their inhibitory activity on fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) in vitro. Interestingly, different bibenzyl cannabinoids showed moderately potent nanomolar activity. One exception was a stilbenyl cannabichromene, which was characterized as a substance that may have psychoactive properties. Only a bibenzyl cannabidiol showed a significant inhibition of FAAH. The structure–activity relationships of the synthesized cannabinoids are discussed. Our data show the versatility of the cannabinoid scaffold to generate nature-inspired cannabimimetics.
An Exploration of Regioselectivity During Formation of Aminoboronates from Epoxides
Authors: Yudin Andrei K. , Trofimova Alina , Brien Chelsey , Tan Joanne , Trudel Vincent 
Published: January 2024

Abstractα-Aminoboronic acids and their derivatives are important synthetic targets. Our research interest has been focused on the synthesis and applications of MIDA (N-methyliminodiacetic acid) protected aminoboronates. Herein we report syntheses of regioisomeric β-borylated azidoalcohols. The geminal azidoboronate represents a rare example of an α-azidoalcohol and is produced through trapping of oxonium ions that develop during the rearrangement of α-boryl aldehydes. The vicinal azidoboronate can be obtained from α-bromoacetyl MIDA boronate and enables the preparation of aziridine MIDA boronate through the Staudinger reaction.
A hybrid energy harvester inspired by bionic flapping wing structure based on magnetic levitation
Authors: Fan Bo , Fang Jiwen , Jiang Sirui , Li Chong , Shao Jiang , Liu Wei 
Published: January 2024

A hybrid energy harvester based on magnetic levitation is inspired by the structure of the flapping wing, which consists of two parts: one is a flapping wing structure mounted with a piezoelectric sheet, which can achieve piezoelectric energy harvesting; the other is an intermediate muscle unit, which is vertically arranged by three groups of permanent magnets to achieve magnetic levitation electromagnetic energy harvesting. An electromechanical–electromagnetic coupling model of this harvester is established based on electromechanical coupling characteristics. The simulation analysis can evaluate the magnetic field distribution and nonlinear magnetic properties and also analyze its effects on the output performance. Several experiments are designed to verify the effectiveness of the hybrid energy harvesting structure and to check the influence of the number of magnets on the output power. The maximum output power of the proposed structure can generate 13.61 mW at 4.5 Hz excitation.
Sb surface terminated MnSb devices in the niccolite phase
Authors: Holmes S. N. , Burrows C. W. , Bell G. R. , Farrer I. , Ritchie D. A. 
Published: January 2024

The magneto-electronic properties of ferromagnetic MnSb grown by molecular beam epitaxy can be dominated by the presence of a surface state in the minority spin bandgap when the surface is Sb-terminated. The material resistivity is 120 µΩ.cm at 295 K, and although this is determined by the majority spin population, the anisotropic magnetoresistance, dependent on minority spins, is ∼0.24% for the Sb-terminated devices with Mn-terminated devices showing ∼0.02%. At 295 K, the extraordinary Hall constant is 0.5 Ω/T for the Sb-terminated surface and 1.5 Ω/T for the Mn-terminated surface with the extraordinary Hall constant and anisotropic magnetoresistance behaving with an anomalous temperature dependence between 295 and 1.5 K. The dominant MnSb structural phase on the GaAs (001) orientation is naturally doped p-type with a carrier density ∼1 × 1022 cm−3 determined by the normal Hall effect after the extraordinary Hall effect has saturated at higher fields than ∼2 T. Spintronic device possibilities are discussed, particularly the spin-light emitting diode and magnetic nano-structures. A natural p-type doping in MnSb limits the devices to dominant hole carrier effects although there is compatibility with both III–V and Si–Ge materials for hybrid device possibilities.
An economical single-shot pulse picker without nonlinear effect and dispersion
Authors: Hu Chen-Wei , Lu Chia-Yen , Wen Yu-Chieh , Chen Hung-Wen 
Published: January 2024

An economical and stable single-shot pulse picker design without dispersion, nonlinear effect, and limitation on wavelength is proposed. This design is composed of a periodic pulse blocker (PPB), a control unit, and a mechanical shutter. It has successfully been applied to the commercial high-fluence femtosecond laser with 11-mm beam diameter, 2-mJ pulse energy, and 1-kHz repetition rate. Significantly, by incorporating commercial optical choppers equipped with custom-designed chopper blades in the PPB, this design can accommodate lasers with fluences reaching 610 mJ/cm2 and the standard 1 kHz repetition rate typical of high-fluence lasers. Furthermore, the proposed design provides a cost-effective substitute compared to using electro-optic modulators or acousto-optic modulators.
Research on vibration stability of a mirror bender system for synchrotron radiation
Authors: Lan Lan , Wang Nan , Zhu WanQian , Jin LiMin , Zhang LiMin , Xue Song 
Published: January 2024

This paper accurately predicts and quantifies the vibration response characteristics of a mirror bender system with the finite element simulation and experiment. The results show that the fundamental frequency of the roll angle vibration is 24.66 Hz, and the fundamental frequency of the pitch angle vibration is 116.21 Hz. The overall error is within 11.15% in comparision with the first six natural frequencies obtained from experiments and simulations. The vertical support rod, being one of the weakest links in the overall structural stiffness, is a crucial factor limiting the increase in the natural frequency of the mirror system. Before and after the injection of cooling water, the pitch angle vibration was 123.63 and 199.04 nrad, respectively. An increase in the cooling water flow rate from 1 to 1.5 l/min has almost no effect on pitch angle vibrations. This study provides references and guidance for improving the stability of the mirror system.
Introduction
Authors: Nassenstein Nico , Mitchell Alice , Hollington Andrea 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The study of African languages, cultural practices and
speakers’ conceptualizations is complex and multilayered. This introductory
chapter provides an overview of the goals and scope of the volume. It also
offers a short historical survey of anthropological linguistics as well as
some reflections on the forms this field of enquiry has taken in relation to
African languages. We discuss the structure of the volume, including chapter
summaries and intersections, and conclude with some remarks on the future of
the anthropological linguistics of Africa.