bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interview with Giuliana Bruno
Authors: Hamburger Esther Império , Mello Cecília , Bruno Giuliana 
Published: January 2024

Giuliana Bruno is Emmet Blakeney Gleason Professor of Visual and Environmental Studies at Harvard University, situated in the Carpenter Center for Visual Arts.
For over three decades, her critical thinking has been characterized by sophistication, rigor and originality, placing her among the leading world academics exploring intersections between visual arts, art history, architecture, film, and visual culture studies. Bruno's interdisciplinary approach has fostered connections between these fields, enriching our understanding of visual culture. Her work anticipated the field of ‘media archaeology’, uncovering and analyzing historical layers and traces embedded in visual artifacts for deeper contextual insights. She has also contributed significantly to spatial theory, particularly in relation to the intersection of architecture, art, and film, exploring how spaces and places shape our experiences and perceptions. In anticipation of her visit to São Paulo in December 2023, Significação: Revista de Cultura Audiovisual conducted a two-hour online interview with Bruno, focusing on Atmospheres of Projection and her other groundbreaking contributions.
Role of the CCL5 and Its Receptor, CCR5, in the Genesis of Aldosterone-Induced Hypertension, Vascular Dysfunction, and End-Organ Damage
Authors: Costa Rafael M. , Cerqueira Débora M. , Bruder-Nascimento Ariane , Alves Juliano V. , Awata Wanessa M.C. , Singh Shubhnita , Kufner Alexander , Prado Douglas S. , Johny Ebin , Cifuentes-Pagano Eugenia , Hawse William F. , Dutta Partha , Pagano Patrick J. , Ho Jacqueline , Bruder-Nascimento Thiago 
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:
Aldosterone has been described to initiate cardiovascular diseases by triggering exacerbated sterile vascular inflammation. The functions of CCL5 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 5) and its receptor CCR5 (C-C motif chemokine receptor 5) are well known in infectious diseases, their contributions to aldosterone-induced vascular injury and hypertension remain unknown.

METHODS:

We analyzed the vascular profile, blood pressure, and renal damage in wild-type (CCR5
+/+
) and CCR5 knockout (CCR5
−/−
) mice treated with aldosterone (600 µg/kg per day for 14 days) while receiving 1% saline to drink. Vascular function was analyzed in aorta and mesenteric arteries, blood pressure was measured by telemetry and renal injury and inflammation were analyzed via histology and flow cytometry. Endothelial cells were used to study the molecular signaling whereby CCL5 induces endothelial dysfunction.

RESULTS:

Aldosterone treatment resulted in exaggerated CCL5 circulating levels and vascular CCR5 expression in CCR5
+/+
mice accompanied by endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and renal inflammation and damage. CCR5
−/−
mice were protected from these aldosterone-induced effects. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CCL5 increased NOX1 (NADPH oxidase 1) expression, reactive oxygen species formation, NFκB (nuclear factor kappa B) activation, and inflammation and reduced NO production in isolated endothelial cells. These effects were abolished by antagonizing CCR5 with Maraviroc. Finally, aorta incubated with CCL5 displayed severe endothelial dysfunction, which is prevented by blocking NOX1, NFκB, or CCR5.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data demonstrate that CCL5/CCR5, through activation of NFκB and NOX1, is critically involved in aldosterone-induced vascular and renal damage and hypertension placing CCL5 and CCR5 as potential therapeutic targets for conditions characterized by aldosterone excess.
Relationship Between Obesity and Global Longitudinal Strain in the Pediatric Single Ventricle Fontan Population Across Ventricular Morphologies
Authors: Madan Nitin , Aly Doaa , Kathol Melanie , Buddhavarapu Amulya , Rieth Thomas , Sherman Ashley , Forsha Daniel 
Published: January 2024

Background
Obesity is associated with diminished myocardial function as measured by strain echocardiography in children and young adults with normal cardiac anatomy. Data are lacking about the effect of obesity on myocardial strain in patients with a single ventricle. In this study, the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and single ventricle myocardial strain in the Fontan population was assessed.

Methods and Results

Thirty‐eight abnormal BMI Fontan cases (21 overweight and 17 obese) and 30 normal BMI Fontan controls matched based on single ventricular morphology, age, and sex were included in the study. Ventricular morphology was categorized as single right ventricle, single left ventricle, or biventricular. Single ventricle global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLS) and other echocardiographic measurements were performed and compared between groups, with a
P
≤0.05 defined as significant. The abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS (−15.7±3.6% versus −17.2±3.2%, [
P
=0.03]) and elevated systolic blood pressure (
P
=0.04) compared with the normal BMI group. On subgroup analysis of those with single right ventricle morphology, the abnormal BMI group demonstrated diminished GLS compared with controls. There was no significant difference in GLS between the abnormal BMI and control groups in the single left ventricle and biventricular subgroups. Analyzed by ventricular morphology, no other variables were statistically different in the abnormal BMI group including systolic blood pressure. Inter‐reader reproducibility for GLS and strain rate were excellent for both measures.

Conclusions
Obesity has an adverse relationship with myocardial strain in the young Fontan population, with the most maladaptive response seen in the single right ventricle.
Impact of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation on Periprocedural Myocardial Injury in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Kawamori Hiroyuki , Toba Takayoshi , Sasaki Satoru , Fujii Hiroyuki , Hamana Tomoyo , Osumi Yuto , Iwane Seigo , Naniwa Shota , Sakamoto Yuki , Matsuhama Koshi , Fukuishi Yuta , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Otake Hiromasa 
Published: January 2024

Background
Perivascular inflammation contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and microcirculatory dysfunction. Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation, measured by coronary computed tomography angiography, is a potential indicator of coronary inflammation. However, the relationship between PCAT attenuation, microcirculatory dysfunction, and periprocedural myocardial injury (PMI) remains unclear.

Methods and Results

Patients with chronic coronary syndrome who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography before percutaneous coronary intervention were retrospectively identified. PCAT attenuation and adverse plaque characteristics were assessed using coronary computed tomography angiography. The extent of microcirculatory dysfunction was evaluated using the angio‐based index of microcirculatory resistance before and after percutaneous coronary intervention. Overall, 125 consecutive patients were included, with 50 experiencing PMI (PMI group) and 75 without PMI (non‐PMI group). Multivariable analysis showed that older age, higher angio‐based index of microcirculatory resistance, presence of adverse plaque characteristics, and higher lesion‐based PCAT attenuation were independently associated with PMI occurrence (odds ratio [OR], 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.13];
P
=0.02; OR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.00–1.12];
P
=0.04; OR, 6.62 [95% CI, 2.13–20.6];
P
=0.001; and OR, 2.89 [95% CI, 1.63–5.11];
P
<0.001, respectively). High PCAT attenuation was correlated with microcirculatory dysfunction before and after percutaneous coronary intervention and its exacerbation during percutaneous coronary intervention. Adding lesion‐based PCAT attenuation to the presence of adverse plaque characteristics improved the discriminatory and reclassification ability in predicting PMI.

Conclusions
Adding PCAT attenuation at the culprit lesion level to coronary computed tomography angiography‐derived adverse plaque characteristics may provide incremental benefit in identifying patients at risk of PMI. Our results highlight the importance of microcirculatory dysfunction in PMI development, particularly in the presence of lesions with high PCAT attenuation.

Registration

URL:
https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi‐open‐bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000057722
; Unique identifier: UMIN000050662.
Impact of High Lipoprotein(a) on Long‐Term Survival Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Yuan Shuo , Li Fangzhou , Zhang Heng , Zeng Juntong , Su Xiaoting , Qu Jianyu , Lin Shen , Gu Dachuan , Rao Chenfei , Zhao Yan , Zheng Zhe 
Published: January 2024

Background
Lipoprotein(a) is a possible causal risk factor for atherosclerosis and related complications. The distribution and prognostic implication of lipoprotein(a) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting remain unknown. This study aimed to assess the impact of high lipoprotein(a) on the long‐term prognosis of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2013 to December 2018 from a single‐center cohort were included. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. The secondary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Of the 18 544 patients, 4072 (22.0%) were identified as the high‐lipoprotein(a) group (≥50 mg/dL). During a median follow‐up of 3.2 years, primary outcomes occurred in 587 patients. High lipoprotein(a) was associated with increased risk of all‐cause death (high lipoprotein(a) versus low lipoprotein(a): adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.31 [95% CI, 1.09–1.59];
P
=0.005; lipoprotein(a) per 1‐mg/dL increase: aHR, 1.003 [95% CI, 1.001–1.006];
P
=0.011) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (high lipoprotein(a) versus low lipoprotein(a): aHR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.06–1.33];
P
=0.004; lipoprotein(a) per 1‐mg/dL increase: aHR, 1.002 [95% CI, 1.001–1.004];
P
=0.002). The lipoprotein(a)‐related risk was greater in patients with European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation <3, and tended to attenuate in patients receiving arterial grafts.

Conclusions
More than 1 in 5 patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were exposed to high lipoprotein(a), which is associated with higher risks of death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. The adverse effects of lipoprotein(a) were more pronounced in patients with clinically low‐risk profiles or not receiving arterial grafts.
Efficacy and Safety of Low‐Dose Edoxaban by Body Weight in Very Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Subanalysis of the Randomized ELDERCARE‐AF Trial
Authors: Akao Masaharu , Yamashita Takeshi , Fukuzawa Masayuki , Hayashi Takuya , Okumura Ken 
Published: January 2024

Background
The ELDERCARE‐AF trial showed that low‐dose edoxaban benefits elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation considered ineligible for standard oral anticoagulants due to high bleeding risk, but whether this applied to patients with extremely low body weight was unclear.

Methods and Results

This was a prespecified subanalysis by body weight (≤45, >45 kg) of the phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, event‐driven ELDERCARE‐AF trial, which compared low‐dose edoxaban (15 mg once daily) with placebo in Japanese patients considered ineligible for oral anticoagulants at the recommended therapeutic strength or the approved doses. The primary efficacy and safety end points were stroke or systemic embolism and major bleeding (International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis definition), respectively. The ≤45‐kg weight group included 374/984 patients (38.0%), and the >45‐kg group included 610/984 patients (62.0%). The stroke or systemic embolism rate was lower with edoxaban than placebo in both weight groups (≤45 kg: hazard ratio [HR], 0.36 [95% CI, 0.16–0.80]; >45 kg: HR, 0.31 [95% CI, 0.13–0.73]; interaction
P
=0.82). Major bleeding incidence was numerically higher with edoxaban than placebo (≤45 kg: HR, 3.05 [95% CI, 0.84–11.11]; >45 kg: HR, 1.40 [95% CI, 0.56–3.48), with no interaction with body weight (interaction
P
=0.33). All‐cause mortality was higher in the ≤45‐kg group, with no significant difference between treatment groups.

Conclusions
The benefit of edoxaban 15 mg was consistent in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation and extremely low body weight, though clinicians must remain vigilant about the risk of major bleeding, especially gastrointestinal bleeding.

Registration Information

ClinicalTrials.gov
. Identifier: NCT02801669.
Atrial Fibrillation Detection and Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in Cryptogenic Stroke: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Todo Kenichi , Okazaki Shuhei , Doijiri Ryosuke , Yamazaki Hidekazu , Sonoda Kazutaka , Koge Junpei , Iwata Tomonori , Ueno Yuji , Yamagami Hiroshi , Kimura Naoto , Morimoto Masafumi , Kondo Daisuke , Koga Masatoshi , Nagata Eiichiro , Miyamoto Nobukazu , Kimura Yoko , Gon Yasufumi , Sasaki Tsutomu , Mochizuki Hideki ,   for the CRYPTON‐ICM Registry Investigators
Published: January 2024

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known to be a strong risk factor for stroke. However, the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with cryptogenic stroke with AF detected after stroke by an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) is not well known. We sought to evaluate the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence in patients with cryptogenic stroke with and without ICM‐detected AF.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively reviewed patients with cryptogenic stroke who underwent ICM implantation at 8 stroke centers in Japan. Cox regression models were developed using landmark analysis and time‐dependent analysis. We set the target sample size at 300 patients based on our estimate of the annualized incidence of ischemic stroke recurrence to be 3% in patients without AF detection and 9% in patients with AF detection. Of the 370 patients, 121 were found to have AF, and 110 received anticoagulation therapy after AF detection. The incidence of ischemic stroke recurrence was 4.0% in 249 patients without AF detection and 5.8% in 121 patients with AF detection (
P
=0.45). In a landmark analysis, the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence was not higher in patients with AF detected ≤90 days than in those without (hazard ratio, 1.47 [95% CI, 0.41–5.28]). In a time‐dependent analysis, the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence did not increase after AF detection (hazard ratio, 1.77 [95% CI, 0.70–4.47]).

Conclusions
The risk of ischemic stroke recurrence in patients with cryptogenic stroke with ICM‐detected AF, 90% of whom were subsequently anticoagulated, was not higher than in those without ICM‐detected AF.
Association Between Self‐Reported Medication Adherence and Therapeutic Inertia in Hypertension: A Secondary Analysis of SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial)
Authors: Jacobs Joshua A. , Derington Catherine G. , Zheutlin Alexander R. , King Jordan B. , Cohen Jordana B. , Bucheit John , Kronish Ian M. , Addo Daniel K. , Morisky Donald E. , Greene Tom H. , Bress Adam P. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Therapeutic inertia (TI), failure to intensify antihypertensive medication when blood pressure (BP) is above goal, remains prevalent in hypertension management. The degree to which self‐reported antihypertensive adherence is associated with TI with intensive BP goals remains unclear.

Methods and Results
Cross‐sectional analysis was performed of the 12‐month visit of participants in the intensive arm of SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), which randomized adults to intensive (<120 mm Hg) versus standard (<140 mm Hg) systolic BP goals. TI was defined as no increase in antihypertensive regimen intensity score, which incorporates medication number and dose, when systolic BP is ≥120 mm Hg. Self‐reported adherence was assessed using the 8‐Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS‐8) and categorized as low (MMAS‐8 score <6), medium (MMAS‐8 score 6 to <8), and high (MMAS‐8 score 8). Poisson regressions estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs for TI associated with MMAS‐8. Among 1009 intensive arm participants with systolic BP >120 mm Hg at the 12‐month visit (mean age, 69.6 years; 35.2% female, 28.8% non‐Hispanic Black), TI occurred in 50.8% of participants. Participants with low adherence (versus high) were younger and more likely to be non‐Hispanic Black or smokers. The prevalence of TI among patients with low, medium, and high adherence was 45.0%, 53.5%, and 50.4%, respectively. After adjustment, neither low nor medium adherence (versus high) were associated with TI (PR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.87–1.42]; PR, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.84–1.38], respectively).

Conclusions
Although clinician uncertainty about adherence is often cited as a reason for why antihypertensive intensification is withheld when above BP goals, we observed no evidence of an association between self‐reported adherence and TI.
Association of Periodic Limb Movements and Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Authors: Zinchuk Andrey , Srivali Narat , Qin Li , Jeon Sangchoon , Ibrahim Ahmad , Sands Scott A. , Koo Brian , Yaggi Henry K. 
Published: January 2024

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea is a well‐established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have also linked periodic limb movements during sleep to CVD. We aimed to determine whether periodic limb movements during sleep and obstructive sleep apnea are independent or synergistic factors for CVD events or death.

Methods and Results
We examined data from 1049 US veterans with an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) <30 events/hour. The primary outcome was incident CVD or death. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the relationships between the AHI, periodic limb movement index (PLMI), and the AHI×PLMI interaction with the primary outcome. We then examined whether AHI and PLMI were associated with primary outcome after adjustment for age, sex, race and ethnicity, obesity, baseline risk of mortality, and Charlson Comorbidity Index. During a median follow‐up of 5.1 years, 237 of 1049 participants developed incident CVD or died. Unadjusted analyses showed an increased risk of the primary outcome with every 10‐event/hour increase in PLMI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08 [95% CI, 1.05–1.13]) and AHI (HR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.01– 1.37]). Assessment associations of AHI and PLMI and their interaction with the primary outcome revealed no significant interaction between PLMI and AHI. In fully adjusted analyses, PLMI, but not AHI, was associated with an increased risk of primary outcome: HR of 1.05 (95% CI, 1.00–1.09) per every 10 events/hour. Results were similar after adjusting with Framingham risk score.

Conclusions
Our study revealed periodic limb movements during sleep as a risk factor for incident CVD or death among those who had AHI <30 events/hour, without synergistic association between periodic limb movements during sleep and obstructive sleep apnea.
Effects of Dispatcher‐Assisted Public‐Access Defibrillation Programs on the Outcomes of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Before‐and‐After Study
Authors: Huang Chien‐Hsiung , Chien Cheng‐Yu , Ng Chip‐Jin , Fang Shao‐Yu , Wang Ming‐Fang , Lin Chi‐Chun , Chen Chen‐Bin , Tsai Li‐Heng , Hsu Kuang‐Hung , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia 
Published: January 2024

Background
Public access defibrillation (PAD) programs have been implemented globally over the past decade. Although PAD can substantially increase the survival of cardiac arrest, PAD use remains low. This study aimed to evaluate whether drawing upon the successful experiences of dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation programs would increase the use of PAD in dispatcher‐assisted PAD programs.

Methods and Results

This study using a before‐and‐after design was conducted in Taoyuan City using a local out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest registry system and data of dispatcher performance derived from audio recordings. The primary outcomes were the rate of bystander PAD use, sustained return of spontaneous circulation, survival to discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes. The secondary outcomes were the performance of dispatchers in terms of PAD instruction and dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation administration, the time interval indicators of dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A total of 1159 patients were included and divided into 2 groups: the before‐run‐in group (502 patients) and the after‐run‐in group (657 patients). No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of baseline characteristics. The rate of PAD use in the after‐run‐in group significantly increased from 5.0% to 8.7% (
P
=0.015). The rate of favorable neurological outcomes increased from 4.4% to 5.9%, which was not a statistically significant difference. Compared with the before‐run‐in group, the rate of successful automated external defibrillator acquisition was 13.5% in the after‐run‐in group (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Implementing a dispatcher‐assisted PAD protocol in a municipality setting significantly increased bystander PAD use without affecting dispatcher performance in out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest recognition, cardiopulmonary resuscitation instruction, or dispatcher‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation time indicators.
Higher Cholesterol Absorption Marker at Baseline Predicts Fewer Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients Receiving Hypercholesterolemia Treatment: The KEEP Study
Authors: Kuwabara Masanari , Sasaki Jun , Ouchi Yasuyoshi , Oikawa Shinichi , Nakagawa Kiyotaka , Sato Masao , Koba Shinji , Kono Suminori , Saikawa Tetsunori , Arai Hidenori 
Published: January 2024

Background
Higher cholesterol absorption has been reported to be related to a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs). The KEEP (Kyushu Elderly Ezetimibe Phytosterol) study, a substudy of the EWTOPIA 75 (Ezetimibe Lipid‐Lowering Trial on Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in 75 or Older) study, investigated the relationships of cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers with CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia, particularly in relation to ezetimibe treatment.

Methods and Results

Eligible patients were those aged ≥75 years who had low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, no history of coronary artery disease, and no recent use of lipid‐lowering drugs. Participants were randomly assigned into a diet‐only or diet‐plus‐ezetimibe group. Baseline and 24‐week follow‐up blood samples were analyzed for cholesterol absorption (eg, campesterol) and synthesis markers (eg, lathosterol). Of 1287 patients, 1061 patients with baseline measurement were analyzed. Over a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 64 CVEs occurred. Higher campesterol levels at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of CVEs. After adjustment for sex, age, and treatment, the hazard ratios for the lowest to highest quartile categories of baseline campesterol were 1.00 (reference), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.30–1.17), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21–0.94), and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21–0.93), respectively (trend
P
=0.01). This association persisted after further adjustment for hypertension, diabetes, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Neither interactions with ezetimibe treatment nor mediating effects of the changes in cholesterol absorption markers were observed.

Conclusions
The KEEP study indicated that higher campesterol levels without lipid‐lowering drugs were associated with a lower incidence of CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia who were subsequently treated with diet or ezetimibe.

Registration

URL:
https://www.umin.ac.jp
; unique identifier: UMIN000017769.