bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Sex and Training Status
Authors: Huiberts Raven O. , Wüst Rob C. I. , van der Zwaard Stephan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Many sports require maximal strength and endurance performance. Concurrent strength and endurance training can lead to suboptimal training adaptations. However, how adaptations differ between males and females is currently unknown. Additionally, current training status may affect training adaptations.

Objective
We aimed to assess sex-specific differences in adaptations in strength, power, muscle hypertrophy, and maximal oxygen consumption ($$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2max) to concurrent strength and endurance training in healthy adults. Second, we investigated how training adaptations are influenced by strength and endurance training status.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, and a Cochrane risk of bias was evaluated. ISI Web of science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched using the following inclusion criteria: healthy adults aged 18–50 years, intervention period of ≥ 4 weeks, and outcome measures were defined as upper- and lower-body strength, power, hypertrophy, and/or $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2max. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model and reported in standardized mean differences.

Results
In total, 59 studies with 1346 participants were included. Concurrent training showed blunted lower-body strength adaptations in males, but not in females (male: − 0.43, 95% confidence interval [− 0.64 to − 0.22], female: 0.08 [− 0.34 to 0.49], group difference: P = 0.03). No sex differences were observed for changes in upper-body strength (P = 0.67), power (P = 0.37), or $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2max (P = 0.13). Data on muscle hypertrophy were insufficient to draw any conclusions. For training status, untrained but not trained or highly trained endurance athletes displayed lower $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2max gains with concurrent training (P = 0.04). For other outcomes, no differences were found between untrained and trained individuals, both for strength and endurance training status.

Conclusions
Concurrent training results in small interference for lower-body strength adaptations in males, but not in females. Untrained, but not trained or highly trained endurance athletes demonstrated impaired improvements in $$\dot{V}$$

V
˙

O2max following concurrent training. More studies on females and highly strength-trained and endurance-trained athletes are warranted.

Clinical Trial Registration
PROSPERO: CRD42022370894.
Prevalence of anxiety, sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorders during COVID-19 in Qatari children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nazzal H. , Baccar M. , Ziad T. , Al-Musfir T. , Al Emadi B. , Matoug-Elwerfelli M. , Narasimhan S. , Khan Y. , Reagu S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Understanding the impact of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic social restrictions on the lives of children and adolescents is of utmost importance to enable timely diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of anxiety, sleep bruxism, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and change in dietary and brushing habits and their association with COVID-19 social restrictions.

Methods
Parents of fit and healthy Qatari children and adolescents were recruited and interviewed by the research team, whereby validated questioners were used to assess the prevalence of children’s/adolescents’ anxiety, sleep bruxism and TMD. Furthermore, changes in dietary and brushing habits were also evaluated.

Results
A total of 199 parents of children and adolescents (mean age = 9.3 ± 3.2 years old) were included. Overall anxiety symptoms, sleep bruxism and TMD were evident in 29.6%, 5.7% and 23.1%, respectively. An increased consumption of food, sweets and worsening of brushing habits were evident in 51.8%, 62.8% and 31.2%, respectively.

Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, pandemic-related social restrictions could result in elevated levels of anxiety, specifically, social phobia, amongst children and adolescents, which could inevitably lead to unwanted dental consequences.
Discrimination and Dignity Experiences in Prior Oral Care Visits Predict Racialized Oral Health Inequities Among Nationally Representative US Adults
Authors: Raskin Sarah E. , Thakkar-Samtani Madhuli , Santoro Morgan , Fleming Eleanor B. , Heaton Lisa J. , Tranby Eric P. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRacism, an oppressive and fallacious sociopolitical hierarchy, is a fundamental cause of oral health inequities worldwide. Everyday discrimination is associated with worse self-rated oral health, toothache and adult tooth loss, and lower oral care utilization. Few studies examine discrimination or microaggressions within oral care settings or their effects on oral health outcomes. We adapted the seven-item Everyday Discrimination Scale to the oral care setting (EDSOC); developed a four-item Dignity in Oral Care Scale (DOCS); fielded them to a probability-based nationally representative sample of US households as part of the 2022 State of Oral Health Equity in America survey (SOHEA, n = 5682); and examined associations between EDSOC and DOCS scores and three outcomes: self-rated oral health, duration since last oral care visit, and planning for future preventive/routine oral care. Nearly, all EDSCOC and DOCS measures were significantly associated with oral health outcomes. Discrimination experience in dental settings had an additive effect on reporting fair/poor oral health and a suppressive effect on planning a future dental visit. Indignity experience doubled-to-quadrupled the likelihood of reporting fair/poor oral health, not having visited a dentist in 2 years, and not planning a future oral care visit. Racio-ethnically minoritized patients may experience the unjust double bind of resolving urgent dental or completing preventive services needs amidst being treated in a discriminatory manner or without dignity. Oral health stakeholders should invest more effort to understand relationships between racism and oral health outcomes and introduce evidence-based interventions to ultimately abolish this societal harm.
Community-Based Wound Care Programs for Unhoused Individuals
Authors: Goto Taichi , Wang Christina , Kwiat Catherine , Nguyen Christopher , Saligan Leorey N. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWound care management for unhoused individuals is challenging due to the lack of healthcare infrastructure to handle the unique needs of this population. Therefore, we aimed to obtain insights for best practices and to establish a care clinic that is low threshold, community-based and meets the needs of unhoused people. We employed two approaches: (1) conduct a targeted narrative review of the literature of existing or proposed community-based program models that can address the wound care needs of unhoused individuals, and (2) assess cost-effectiveness and describe the results of a survey administered to unhoused clients and their health care providers at a community-based wound care program in Honolulu, Hawai'i. The literature search and screening yielded 11 articles relevant to the topic. Per the literature, existing community-based healthcare programs were successful when: (1) wound care services were incorporated into a broader social/health program, (2) cost-effective, and (3) comprehensive services were provided. Survey results in Honolulu found that the wound care program matched the needs of the targeted population and was cost-effective. Difficulty in following clients until wound closure and the sustainability of the program, particularly the lack of insurance reimbursement for street-based services, were perceived challenges. Additionally, the lack of insurance reimbursement for street-based wound care services continues to impact sustainability. Community-based programs can be successful in addressing the wound care needs of unhoused individuals if they address complex fundamental issues. This paper highlights existing gaps in logistics and policies that must be addressed to meet the specific medical needs of these vulnerable individuals.
Cyber Micronations and Digital Sovereignty
Authors: Hobbs Harry , Hayward Philip , Motum Robert 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Internet has spurred the development of thousands of virtual nations. Located entirely online, these micronations claim sovereignty over vast stretches of cyberspace and engage in performative rituals of statehood. They draft constitutions, compose national anthems, sell citizenship, and sometimes, confuse or confound ordinary people. What are these entities and why do their founders and proponents purport to be a state? What legal and ethical challenges do cyber micronations provoke, and how do they challenge orthodox conceptions of the state? This brief communication considers these questions.
Farmers’ perceptions and capacity for 3Rs agro-waste management in a vegetable growing area of Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Khondokar H. , Mukut Md. Mahnur Khan , Rahman Saifur , Chowdhury Ataharul , Mukta Most. Zannatun Nahar , Sarker M. Asaduzzaman , Asfour Amina 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAgriculture is responsible for giving rise to huge quantities of degradable and non-degradable waste during various farming activities. A deeper understanding of farmers’ perceptions and levels of agro-waste management capacity is essential in developing locally accepted strategies for agro-waste management. This study was framed to analyze vegetable farmers’ perception and capacity for Bangladesh’s 3Rs waste management concept (reduce, reuse, and recycle). A total of 125 farmers were selected following a stratified proportionate random sampling technique and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The findings of this study indicate that intercultural and harvesting practices produce a large variety of bio-degradable and non-degradable waste materials compared to other stages of vegetable production and marketing of produce. The overall score showed that the vegetable farmers’ have a medium (39.2%) to high (60.8%) perception of the 3Rs waste management concept, but they possessed a low perception of recycling agro-waste. However, the overall capacity score for 3Rs waste management was low (67.2%) to medium (31.2%), indicating a low capacity of vegetable growers to recycle different types of waste. This study offers suggestions for a development program that includes special training facilities for vegetable growers to strengthen their waste management capabilities based on the 3Rs concept.
Analyse des bulletins de vote rejetés et de l'effet du rallye pour l'unité canadienne lors du référendum québécois de 1995
Authors: Brie Evelyne 
Published: October 2023

RésuméÀ la lumière de récents développements en politique québécoise, le présent article jette un regard critique sur deux éléments controversés entourant la légitimité du référendum sur la souveraineté du Québec de 1995, soit (1) le rejet de bulletins de vote le jour du scrutin et (2) l'effet du rallye pour l'unité canadienne tenu le 27 octobre 1995. Cette analyse mobilise des données historiques agrégées d’Élections Québec ainsi que des données individuelles de sondage collectées parCanadian Facts Limiteden octobre 1995 (n = 930). Les résultats ne révèlent aucun prédicteur attitudinal du rejet de bulletins de vote à travers les circonscriptions québécoises. Des analyses suggèrent cependant l'existence d'un impact statistiquement significatif du rassemblement dulove-inqui pourrait avoir profité à la cause fédéraliste à quelques jours du vote, particulièrement à l'extérieur de l’île de Montréal. Cette recherche vise à contribuer au débat public sur la transparence des processus démocratiques en contexte référendaire.
The hidation of the Hwicce: investigating its halving between the eighth century and 1086
Authors: Bassett Steven 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTThe total hidage of land in the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the Hwicce at its greatest extent appears to have been halved at an unknown date between the eighth century and the late eleventh. The article examines the relatively small number of surviving original texts of charters and leases which relate to land both in that kingdom and in all other parts of the kingdom of the Mercians into which it was at length subsumed. With other apparent instances of major hidage reductions having been found thereby elsewhere in the latter area, the article then argues that they were all effected either by the West Saxon kings of England in the course of the tenth century or, arguably more likely (even though the evidence is meagre), at a much earlier date by Mercian kings following the piecemeal enlargement of their kingdom by the absorption of formerly independent neighbouring polities.
The Creation of National Treasures in the United Kingdom and the National Treasure Space
Authors: Mastrandrea Vittoria 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article examines the determination of cultural objects as “national treasures” in the United Kingdom and proposes a heretofore unidentified theoretical space in which such designations are made. Utilizing Foucauldian genealogies of the museum posited by both Tony Bennett and Eilean Hooper-Greenhill as a frame for spaces in which cultural and national identities are curated (which some commentators suggest are outdated, but prove very helpful in the current enterprise), this article develops the argument that designations of items as “national treasures” are made within a specific institutional space – hereinafter termed the “National Treasure Space.” Through the interpretation of the object in this institutional space, it is possible to characterize it as other than the sum of its parts; certain aspects of the object that exist when it is outside of this space are suspended once it is within. As a result, the problematic determination of the object as a national treasure is exacerbated, impacting important relational elements of the object to its owner(s) (both private and public) and the understanding of the object as significant in its representation of the nation.
Testing guidelines for distinctness, uniformity and stability in Oxalis
Authors: Dong Na , Wang Xuexuan , Tuo Wanli , Chang Jianchao , Lin Wubaiyu , Wu Kefei , Zhai Junwen , Ahmad Sagheer , Peng Donghui , Xu Qiaoxian , Wu Shasha 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe genus Oxalis contains important species worldwide with great economic and edible values. However, the testing guidelines have not been furbished, especially in China. Oxalis germplasm, including 60 species and 125 varieties, was collected from home and abroad and extensive field trials and phenotypic observations were conducted along with quantitative taxonomy, observations, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. Under the test guidelines of the International Union for the Protection of New Plant Varieties (UPOV), general guidelines for testing for distinctness, uniformity, stability (DUS) of new plant varieties, and Japanese test guidelines for DUS of Oxalis, 96 test characteristics (38 qualitative characteristics, 28 quantitative characteristics and 30 pseudo-qualitative characteristics) were determined as DUS test characteristics of Oxalis. Each test characteristic was scientifically graded and accurately described, and standard varieties and characteristic diagrams were provided for some characteristics. The guidelines for testing DUS of new plant varieties of Oxalis provide a standard for examining and testing new varieties of plants.
Low Frequency Magnetic Field Observations of Natural Positive Leaders Featuring Stepwise Propagation
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Lu Gaopeng , Li Xiao , Zhang Hongbo , Fan Yanfeng , Ren Huan , Zhang Chenxiao , Jiang Rubin , Qie Xiushu , Cohen Morris B. , Wang Zhichao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe examine the low‐frequency (LF) magnetic pulses recorded for the positive leader in two natural lightning flashes as recorded on the high‐speed video camera. The captured positive leader in both cases propagated in a stepwise manner at least over several milliseconds according to the concurrent sequence of LF magnetic pulses. By comparing with previous studies on positive leaders under different situations, the average inter‐pulse intervals (11.7 and 20.3 μs, respectively) obtained for our natural cases are shorter than that of upward positive leaders in rocket‐triggered (typically >25 μs) and tower‐initiated lightning (62 μs in one case). Hence, the stepwise propagation of positive leaders in natural lightning is likely more frequent than that in object‐induced lightning, reflecting a possible influence of ambient electric field and other meteorological factors on the stepwise feature of positive leader. The stepwise extension might be common for positive leaders developing in various scenarios.
Representation of Modes of Atmospheric Circulation Variability by Self‐Organizing Maps: A Study Using Synthetic Data
Authors: Stryhal J. , Beranová R. , Huth R. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSelf‐organizing maps (SOMs) represent a popular tool for classifying atmospheric circulation patterns. One of their traditional applications has been to link typical synoptic‐scale patterns to large‐scale teleconnections, or modes of low‐frequency circulation variability. However, recently there have been attempts to interpret an array of SOM nodes directly as a continuum of teleconnections, grounded in SOMs' ability to combine two otherwise distinct approaches to data analysis, that is, exploratory projection (or, dimensionality reduction) and classification. This conceptual shift calls for methodological studies that would improve our understanding of how orthogonal modes of variability, typically used to describe teleconnections, relate to SOM outputs. Here, we define three idealized modes of variability and use their various combinations to generate synthetic data sets. Many variants of SOMs are generated for SOMs of various shapes and sizes. The results show that projection of modes on a SOM array is sensitive not only to data structure, but also to various SOM parameters. The leading mode of variability projects rather strongly on SOMs if its explained variance is markedly higher than that of the second‐order mode; the remaining modes project considerably more weakly, and all modes tend to blend when their explained variance is similar, which leads to underrepresentation of some phases of modes and/or combinations of modes among the SOM patterns. Furthermore, we show that some features of SOM topology that were previously considered a proof of data nonlinearity appear even if the underlying modes of variability are strictly linear.
Detectability of Local Water Reservoirs in Europa's Surface Layer Under Consideration of Coupled Induction
Authors: Winkenstern Jason , Saur Joachim 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe icy moon Europa is a primary target for the study of ocean worlds. Its subsurface ocean is expected to be subject to asymmetries on global scales (tidal deformation) and local scales (chaos regions, fractures). Here, we investigate the possibility to magnetic sound local asymmetries by calculating the induced magnetic fields generated by a radially symmetric ocean and a small, spherical water reservoir between the ocean and Europa's surface. The consideration of two conductive bodies introduces non‐linear magnetic field coupling between them. We construct an analytical model to describe the coupling between two conductive bodies and calculate the induced fields within the parameter space of possible conductivity values and icy crust thicknesses. Given the plasma magnetic field perturbations, we find that a reservoir cannot be detected during a flyby at 25 km altitude using electromagnetic induction. Potential detection of liquid water reservoirs can be achieved by deploying magnetometers on Europa's surface, where one magnetometer is placed directly on the target region of interest and a second one in the nearby vicinity as reference to distinguish from global asymmetries. With this method, the smallest reservoir that can be detected has a radius of 8 km and a conductivity of 30 S/m. Larger reservoirs are resolvable at lower conductivities, with a 20 km reservoir requiring a conductivity of approximately 5 S/m.
Generative Data‐Driven Approaches for Stochastic Subgrid Parameterizations in an Idealized Ocean Model
Authors: Perezhogin Pavel , Zanna Laure , Fernandez‐Granda Carlos 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSubgrid parameterizations of mesoscale eddies continue to be in demand for climate simulations. These subgrid parameterizations can be powerfully designed using physics and/or data‐driven methods, with uncertainty quantification. For example, Guillaumin and Zanna (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021ms002534) proposed a Machine Learning (ML) model that predicts subgrid forcing and its local uncertainty. The major assumption and potential drawback of this model is the statistical independence of stochastic residuals between grid points. Here, we aim to improve the simulation of stochastic forcing with generative models of ML, such as Generative adversarial network (GAN) and Variational autoencoder (VAE). Generative models learn the distribution of subgrid forcing conditioned on the resolved flow directly from data and they can produce new samples from this distribution. Generative models can potentially capture not only the spatial correlation but any statistically significant property of subgrid forcing. We test the proposed stochastic parameterizations offline and online in an idealized ocean model. We show that generative models are able to predict subgrid forcing and its uncertainty with spatially correlated stochastic forcing. Online simulations for a range of resolutions demonstrated that generative models are superior to the baseline ML model at the coarsest resolution.
Bispecific CS1-BCMA CAR-T cells are clinically active in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Chenggong , Xu Jia , Luo Wenjing , Liao Danying , Xie Wei , Wei Qiuzhe , Zhang Yinqiang , Wang Xindi , Wu Zhuolin , Kang Yun , Zheng Jin’e , Xiong Wei , Deng Jun , Hu Yu , Mei Heng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) bears heterogeneous cells that poses a challenge for single-target immunotherapies. Here we constructed bispecific CS1-BCMA CAR-T cells aiming to augment BCMA targeting with CS1. Sixteen patients with relapsed or refractory (RR) MM received CS1-BCMA CAR-T infusion. Six patients (38%) had cytokine release syndrome, which was of grade 1–2 in 31%. No neurological toxicities were observed. The most common severe adverse events were hematological, including leukopenia (100%), neutropenia (94%), lymphopenia (100%) and thrombocytopenia (31%). Three patients with solitary extramedullary disease (sEMD) did not respond. At a median follow-up of 246 days, 13 patients (81%) had an overall response and attained minimal residual disease-negativity, and six (38%) reached a stringent complete response (sCR). Among the 13 responders, 1-year overall survival and progression-free survival were 72.73% and 56.26%, respectively. Four patients maintained sCR with a median duration of 17 months. Four patients experienced BCMA+ and CS1+ relapse or progression. One patient responded after anti-BCMA CAR-T treatment failure. Lenalidomide maintenance after CAR-T infusion and the resistance mechanism of sEMD were preliminarily explored in three patients. CAR-T cells persisted at a median of 406 days. Soluble BCMA could serve as an ideal biomarker for efficacy monitoring. CS1-BCMA CAR-T cells were clinically active with good safety profiles in patients with RRMM. Clinical trial registration: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04662099.