bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing delamination risk with response surface methodology-supported drilling analysis for Nomex® aramid fiber composites
Authors: Yarar Eser 
Published: December 2023

This article presents a comprehensive experimental investigation into the drilling behavior of Nomex®, a type of aramid fiber. The study specifically examines the impact of various cutting parameters and drill bit types on drilling outcomes. While Nomex® offers many advantages, difficult chip evacuation during drilling of aramid fiber composites can lead to surface defects and delamination. The research aims to explore how drilling parameters—such as spindle speed, feed rate—and four distinct drill bit types affect drilling performance. The analysis encompasses factors such as thrust force, torque, and surface roughness, studied under different drilling conditions and with various drill bit types. Moreover, the research assesses peeling and push-out delamination factors to gain insights into drill bit and coating characteristics. An examination of burr and chipping further enhances the comprehension of drilling performance. To determine the most effective drilling conditions, the study employs multi-response optimization. The optimal drilling performance is achieved with a combination of a 0.1 mm/rev feed rate, 1402.82 r/min spindle speed, and HSS-TiN drill type. This configuration successfully integrates responses, resulting in a composite desirability value of 0.95.
Cognitive Interview Validation of a Novel Household Hazard Vulnerability Assessment Instrument
Authors: Amberson Taryn , Ndayishimiye Olive , Cloud Quanah Yellow , Castner Jessica 
Published: December 2023

Background: Weather and climate disasters are responsible for over 13 000 US deaths, worsened morbidity, and $1.7 trillion in additional costs over the last 40 years with profound racial disparities. Objectives: This project empirically generated items for a novel survey instrument of household hazard vulnerability with initial construct validation while addressing racial bias in the data collection process. Methods: Cognitive interviews facilitated understanding regarding the performance of drafted survey questions with transdisciplinary expert panelists from diverse US regions on unique hazard/disaster/event items. To prevent representation bias in data collection, those with Black and/or African American racial, biracial, or multiracial identities were over-sampled. Interview video recordings were qualitatively analyzed using thematic and pattern coding. Results: A cognitive process mapped to themes of disaster characteristics, resources, individual life facets, and felt effects was revealed. We identified 379 unique instances of linked terms as synonyms, co-occurring, compounding, or cascading events. Potential for racial bias in data collection was elucidated. Analysis of radiation exposure, trauma, and criminal acts of intent items revealed participants may not interpret survey items with these terms as intended. Conclusion: Potential for racial bias exists relative to water dam failure, evacuation, external flood, suspicious packages/substances, and transportation failure. Hazard terms that were not interpreted as intended require further revision in the validation process of individual or household disaster vulnerability assessments. Several commonalities in the cognitive process and mapping of disaster terms may be utilized in disaster and climate change research aimed at the individual and household unit of analysis.
Coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular disorders among the physicians
Authors: Wanishsawad Chad , Tangjitgamol Siriwan , Udayachalerm Wasan , Bunsiricomchai Paisan , Panyarachun Sureerat , Preeyanont Piyanart , Kaewwanna Watcharagan , Parinyachet Supattra , Ativanichayapong Natapon 
Published: December 2023

Background To evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular disorders (CVDs), specifically coronary artery disease (CAD), among Thai physicians, and the cardiac testing being used. The associated or risk factors of CAD were also studied. Methods Data of Thai physicians who participated in the hospital's corporate social responsibility “Save Doctors’ Heart” project conducted between February 14, 2022, and October 31, 2022, were collected: personal illness, family history of CAD, workplace, work hours, dietary habits, exercise, stress, body mass index, laboratory and cardiac testing. Results Of 1231 physicians, the median age was 48.0 ± 10.34 years, with 55.2% were female; 83.1% reported working <55 h per week, 29.7% exercised ≥3 days a week, and 28.0% were overweight or obese. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were found in 46.3%, 30.5%, and 75.8%, respectively. Abnormal findings were observed in 29.7% of chest X-rays, 17.7% of electrocardiograms, 33.0% of echocardiograms, 10.6% of exercise stress tests, and 3.8% of stress echocardiograms. Moderate/extensive coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were present in 12.7%. The prevalence of CVDs or CAD were 51.7% and 11.2%, respectively. Independent risk factors for CAD included older age, male gender, history and/or new findings of DM, and moderate to extensive CAC scores. Conclusion The prevalence of CVDs and CAD among Thai physicians is 51.7% and 11.2%, respectively. The independent risk for CAD was older age, male, having DM, and moderate to extensive CAC scores. The physicians who are at risk should be cautious, modify their lifestyle, and have appropriate screening/diagnostic testing for cardiac abnormality.
Impact of thrombocytopenia on short-term outcomes in patients undergoing mobile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support
Authors: Krasivskyi Ihor , Großmann Clara , Aswadi Wasil , Ivanov Borko , Gerfer Stephen , Gaisendrees Christopher , Elderia Ahmed , Mihaylova Mariya , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Deppe Antje-Christin , Sabashnikov Anton , Rahmanian Parwis Baradaran , Mader Navid , Wahlers Thorsten , Djordjevic Ilija 
Published: December 2023

Introduction The prolonged use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is associated with increased consumption of platelets and hemolysis. The prognostic impact of thrombocytopenia prior to and during ECMO support on patient’s short-, mid- and long-term outcomes has been critically evaluated and discussed over the last years. However, only few data have been published on thrombocytopenia caused by mobile ECMO support. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of thrombocytopenia on short-term outcomes and predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients supported by mobile ECMO for transportation and subsequent weaning in a tertiary centre. Methods This retrospective single-centre study analyzed a total of 117 patients requiring mobile veno-arterial (va) ECMO support and subsequent transportation from referral hospitals to our department from January 2015 until December 2021. A total of 15 patients had to be excluded from the analysis for missing data regarding baseline platelet count. Patients were divided into two groups: thrombocytopenia group (<130 × 109/L, n = 44) and non-thrombocytopenia group (≥130 × 109/L, n = 58). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were successful ECMO-weaning, and the incidence of associated complications (bleeding, acute hepatic failure, acute renal failure, dialysis, and septic shock). Results The dialysis rate before ECMO initiation was significantly higher ( p = .041) in the thrombocytopenia group compared to the non-thrombocytopenia group. The rates of bleeding complications ( p = .032) and limb ischemia ( p = .003) were significantly higher in patients with low platelet count. Moreover, complication rates of acute hepatic failure ( p < .001), acute renal failure ( p < .001) and dialysis ( p = .033) were significantly higher in the thrombocytopenia group. Also, in-hospital mortality was significantly higher ( p = .002) in patients with low platelet count before initiation of ECMO support. Conclusion Based on the results of the present study, patients with thrombocytopenia prior to mobile vaECMO support may be at significantly higher risk for associated complications and short-term mortality.
Functional MRI evaluation of blood oxygen dependent (BOLD) in renal allograft dysfunction: a prospective study
Authors: Farg Hashim Mohamed , El-Diasty Tarek , Ali-El-Dein Bedeir , Refaie Ayman , Abou El-Ghar Mohamed 
Published: December 2023

Background Blood oxygen level dependent-magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is a non-invasive functional imaging technique that can be used to assess renal allograft dysfunction. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of BOLD-MRI using a 3-T scanner in discriminating causes of renal allograft dysfunction in the post-transplant period. Material and Methods This prospective study was conducted on 112 live donor-renal allograft recipients: 53 with normal graft function, as controls; 18 with biopsy-proven acute rejection (AR); and 41 with biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Multiple fast-field echo sequences were performed to obtain T2*-weighted images. Cortical R2* (CR2*) level, medullary R2* (MR2*) level, and medullary over cortical R2* ratio (MCR) were measured in all participants. Results The mean MR2* level was significantly lower in the AR group (20.8 ± 2.8/s) compared to the normal group (24 ± 2.4/s, P <0.001) and ATN group (27.4 ± 1.7/s, P <0.001). The MCR was higher in ATN group (1.47 ± 0.18) compared to the AR group (1.18 ± 0.17) and normal functioning group (1.34 ± 0.2). Both MR2* (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.837, P <0.001) and MCR (AUC = 0.727, P = 0.003) can accurately discriminate ATN from AR, however CR2* (AUC = 0.590, P = 0.237) showed no significant difference between both groups. Conclusion In early post-transplant renal dysfunction, BOLD-MRI is a valuable non-invasive diagnostic technique that can differentiate between AR and ATN by measuring changes in intra-renal tissue oxygenation.
The magnitude rule in geoheritage site inventories
Authors: Ferrer Nicolás , Vegas Juana , Díez-Herrero Andrés 
Published: December 2023

Since the 1990s, an international consensus has been emerging with respect to the methods used to identify and assess geosites. These conventional methodologies generally differentiate between the intrinsic or scientific-natural dimension and the social dimension in the potential value of the geological elements. The aim of this article is to analyse the possible existence of other concepts that may underlie these criteria and that could be operating as evaluation parameters even though they are not explicitly and formally described as such in the published studies. An exhaustive analysis of articles on geosite inventories published in Science Citation Index journals in the last 15 years revealed a systematic reference to conceptions of magnitude (in the sense of degree of development and physical prominence) in geosite descriptions around the world, and in particular with respect to sites of geomorphological interest. To contrast this indication, we subjected the geosites inventory of Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) to a Magnitude Rule hypothesis. This inventory is part of the Spanish Geosites Inventory (IELIG, for its initials in Spanish), which was carried out using conventional assessment procedures. Applying this rule, according to which each geosite is the most prominent example of its typology within the reference geological domain, we obtained an almost complete match. That is, geomorphological sites that were selected, a priori, according to intrinsic and social dimension were also (or one could even say ‘actually’) selected, implicitly, on the predominant basis of magnitude. This paper discusses why and how the magnitude parameter may be playing a key role as a subliminal non-explicit driver in the evaluation of geosite relevance, and how this finding may open new perspectives and bring methodological advantages in the inventory of geological heritage.
Micronutrient Deficiencies in Older Adults in Latin America: A Narrative Review
Authors: De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa , Palazuelos-González Rosa , Domínguez-Flores Omar 
Published: December 2023

Background: The population in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) has experienced a major demographic transition with increased numbers of older adults (OA). This change brings opportunities in the public health sector to implement health prevention interventions and delay the onset of geriatric syndromes. Micronutrients play an important role in the maintenance of biological function which contributes to longevity. Micronutrient deficiencies (MD) in OA increase the risk for onset of chronic comorbidities and geriatric syndromes. Aim: To review and summarize the existing data on micronutrient status in OA in the LAC region and discuss the gaps and challenges in public health approaches to address deficiencies. Methods: Literature review in Medline for records describing nutritional biomarkers in older adults (≥ 60y) from community dwelling and population-based studies in LAC. Results: Few countries (including Chile, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Brazil, and Mexico) have documented one or more nutritional deficiencies for OA in national health surveys, however across the entire region, evidence of micronutrient levels is scarce. Some surveys have documented a high prevalence and large heterogeneity in the prevalence of vitamin D followed by B12 deficiency, being the 2 MDs most studied due their effects on cognition, frailty, and bone mineral density in the OA population. Other MD including C, E, A, copper, zinc, iron, and selenium have also been reported. Conclusion: Information on the micronutrient status in OA from LAC is poorly documented. Research and capacity building initiatives in the region are crucial to develop tailored strategies that address the specific nutritional needs and challenges faced by the ageing population in Latin America.
Factors associated with sexual quality of life among men living with HIV
Authors: Etemadi Fatima , Bessonneau Pascal , Yaya Issifou , Dara Aichata , Eriksson Lars , Rodriguez Sarah , lona Juraskova  , Henrique Mariliza , Réjean Thomas , Griffith William , Thonon Frédérique , Chassany Olivier , Duracinsky Martin 
Published: December 2023

Introduction This study aims to assess the prevalence of sexual difficulties and identify factors associated with the Sexual Quality of Life (SQoL) among people living with HIV (PLWHA). Methods The study included 107 heterosexual men and 474 men who have sex with men (MSM) from five countries. Participants self-reported variables related to physical and mental health, as well as HIV-related parameters. Erectile or ejaculation difficulty, as well as low sexual desire, were investigated. SQoL was measured using the PROQOL-SexLife questionnaire. Results Most of participants reported low sexual desire, predominantly among MSM. Among MSM, living with a partner and healthcare satisfaction were associated with SQoL scores in POP dimension, while consistent condom use, cardiovascular complications, and being single were associated with SQoL scores in STI dimension. Viagra use, anti-cholesterol treatment, and living with a partner were associated with SQoL scores in DIS dimension. Among heterosexual men, employment and African origin were associated with SQoL scores in the POP dimension. Alcohol consumption was associated with SQoL scores in STI dimension. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of non-clinical determinants when assessing SQoL among PLWHA, emphasizing psychological factors and the perceived quality of healthcare. Tailored interventions should incorporate these findings to enhance overall SQoL outcomes.
The meaning of respect and dignity for intensive care unit patients: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research
Authors: Sun Xianghong , Zhang Guoyong , Yu Zhichao , Li Ke , Fan Ling 
Published: December 2023

Aim To synthesize qualitative research on perspectives and understandings of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients, family members, and staff regarding respect and dignity in ICU, in order to explore the connotations and meanings of respect and dignity in ICU. Design A qualitative meta-synthesis. Methods The Chinese and English databases were systematically searched, including PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wangfang Data, VIP, and CBM from each database’s inception to July 22, 2023. Studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Qualitative data were extracted, summarized, and meta-synthesized. (PROSPERO: CRD42023447218). Results A total of 9 studies from 6 countries were included in the meta-synthesis. Thirty-six main themes and 67 sub-themes were extracted, which were eventually integrated into 9 categories and 4 themes: (1) integrity of humanity; (2) autonomy; (3) equality; (4) environmental support. Conclusion To maintain patient dignity, it is necessary to create an environment of respect within the ICU where healthcare professionals uphold the concept of preserving human integrity and respect patients' autonomy and equality. Healthcare professionals need to value the dignity of ICU patients and treat them as unique individuals during treatment and care. Hospital managers should also strive to create a respectful environment to provide environmental support for dignity care implementation.
Gentianella turkestanorum (Gand.) Holub, a Chinese Herbal Medicine that can Alleviate T2DM in Db/db Mice, and its Active Mechanism of Action
Authors: Wei Ying , Sun Jiaxin , Su Liya , Xu Tunhai 
Published: December 2023

Background The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on a global scale has created a pressing demand for novel treatments. Gentianella turkestanorum (Gand.) Holub, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been found to possess hypoglycemic effects. However, the mechanism of its action remains unclear. Objectives This study was to investigate the impact and mechanism of G. turkestanorum’s water extract (WEG) in reducing insulin resistance (IR) in T2DM. Materials and Methods Db/db mice were administered WEG for 8 weeks, during which their body weight, blood glucose (BG), oral glucose tolerance test, islet tolerance test, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were monitored. Additionally, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in db/db mice were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study also evaluated the impact of WEG on liver injury through hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression levels of key proteins and genes in both insulin signaling and inflammation-related pathways were detected using western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results WEG has the potential to regulate glycolipid metabolism, reduce inflammation, and alleviate IR. The mechanism of action may involve promoting the insulin signaling pathway and inhibiting inflammation. Conclusion Gentianella turkestanorum could be a viable treatment option for T2DM and IR.
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam’s Toxicity Profile and Neuroprotective Effects in Mice with Memory Impairment Triggered by Scopolamine
Authors: Sundaram Dhivya P. , Govindaswamy Swathy , K. S. Sridevi Sangeetha , Selvamani Palanisamy , Latha Subbiah 
Published: December 2023

Aim The present study aims to investigate the toxicity profile and neuroprotective effect of ethanol crude extract of Aristolochia bracteolata (EEAB) leaves in mice. Materials and Methods EEAB was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. To determine the toxicity profile in Swiss albino mice, acute and subchronic toxicity experiments were performed according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development criteria. A behavioral test in mice with drug-induced learning and memory impairment was performed to determine neuroprotective effects. Results In the study GC–MS, 19 compounds were detected. Compared to the control group, no clinical signs of toxicity were detected in the plant-treated group in both the acute and subchronic toxicity experiments at the highest dose of 2,000 mg/kg. It was calculated that the mean oral lethal dose (LD50) > was 2,000 mg/kg. Scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in mice were greatly reduced after pretreatment with the EEAB at a dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. This was demonstrated by the reversal of the improvement in spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze task and by the significant improvement in latency in the passive avoidance task. Conclusion Based on the results, EEAB might contain potent secondary metabolites that would primarily enhance the neuroprotective effects and cognitive deficits induced by cholinergic dysfunction.
Assessing Foster/Adoptive Parent Training Curriculum's Improvement of Resource Parent Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Salazar Amy M. , Day Angelique , Thompson Jenna , Buckland Young Emma , Podsobinski Jaidyanne , Fowler John , Vanderwill Lori , Spiers Sara S. , Kongira Metta 
Published: December 2023

Purpose Caregiving for children in foster, kinship, and adoptive placements (hereon referred to as resource parenting) is a challenging role that requires unique knowledge and skills, but there is limited evidence for currently available trainings. The National Training and Development Curriculum for Foster and Adoptive Parents (NTDC) was recently developed with support from the US Children's Bureau. Methods Baseline and 6-month follow-up surveys from 540 resource parents receiving NTDC training and 409 receiving training-as-usual (propensity score matched; group assignment based on location) were compared on a variety of knowledge types and skills. Results NTDC parents had larger growth in trauma-informed parenting, potential to promote positive child development, and key resource parent knowledge from baseline to post-training. NTDC parent growth in receptivity to working with biological parents approached but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions NTDC offers promise as a new training resource for improving resource parent knowledge and skills.
Pharmaco-invasive Therapy: A Continued Role for Fibrinolysis in the Primary PCI era
Authors: Bouyaddid Salma , Bouchlarhem Amine , Bazid Zakaria , ismaili Nabila , El ouafi Noha 
Published: December 2023

Introduction Early Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) is the preferred reperfusion therapy for most patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and the European guidelines recommend pPCI to occur within 120 min of first medical contact. However, this is not always available. Methods We performed a retrospective study of patients admitted for STEMI to a level I cardiac intensive care unit in a developing country, to analyze the efficacy of the pharmaco-invasive (PI) strategy versus late PCI over a 2-year follow-up. Results Four hundred and thirty-nine STEMI patients presented within the first 12 h of symptom onset, pPCI was performed in 154 patients, PI-strategy in 185 patients, and finally Late PCI in 100 patients. All-cause mortality at 2-year risk was statistically significant associated with cardiogenic shock during initial hospitalization, LM and ostio-proximal left anterior descending artery as the culprit artery, severe conductance disorders requiring the use of a temporary pacemaker, and acute kidney disease with glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min/1.72 m2 . For the revascularization strategy, there as a well-demonstrated benefit of the pPCI versus Late PCI strategy with (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.293; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.11–0.737; P = 0.009), as well as a benefit of the PI-strategy versus Late PCI strategy with (HR = 0.433; 95%CI 0.21–0.87; P = 0.02). However, there was no difference between the pPCI and PI-strategy. Conclusion The PI-strategy remains a reasonable alternative for pPCI when the latter is not available, with a prognosis almost identical to pPCI in the long term whenever patients are treated early after the onset of symptoms.