bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of Transanal Tube for Preventing Severe Anastomotic Leakage Following Low Anterior Resection for Patients With Diverting Stoma
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Fukuda Akiko , Moriyama Masaaki , Oyama Shosaburo , Ishii Mitsuhisa , Sumida Yorihisa , Takeshita Hiroaki , Hisanaga Makoto , Fukuoka Hidetoshi , Tou Kazuo , Tanaka Kenji , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL) associated with sphincter-preserving surgery has increased. Diverting stoma (DS) and transanal tube (TT) placement have been reported to reduce the rate of AL. This multicenter study examined the efficacy of TT and DS for preventing AL in rectal cancer patients.

Methods
We reviewed 126 patients who underwent low anterior resection with double-stapling reconstruction between April 2016 and March 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to presence (n = 90) or absence (n = 36) of a TT. Clinicopathologic features were compared between groups.

Results
Twenty-one patients (16.7%) experienced AL. Frequency of severe AL was significantly lower in the TT group (7.7%) than in the non-TT group (19.4%, P &lt; 0.001). Performance status, operation time, blood loss, and hospital stay were similar between groups. Patients who experienced AL showed significantly longer hospital stays (29 days versus 15 days, P &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed placement of a TT as an independent predictor of no AL (odds ratio, 0.306; 95% confidence interval, 0.108–0.870; P = 0.026). Twenty-one patients received both DS construction and TT placement; none of them experienced severe AL.

Conclusion
The present multicenter study confirmed the efficacy of TT for preventing AL. Transanal tube may have synergistic effects against AL in selected patients with DS.
Type I collagen regulated dentin matrix protein‐1 (Dmp‐1) and osteocalcin (OCN) gene expression of rat dental pulp cells
Authors: Mizuno Morimichi , Miyamoto Tetsuro , Wada Keinoshin , Watatani Sanae , Zhang Gui Xia 
Published: March 2003

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of type I collagen on dentin matrix protein‐1 (Dmp‐1) and osteocalcin (OCN) gene expression of dental pulp cells. The mRNA level of Dmp‐1 gene was down‐regulated; however, OCN gene expression was up‐regulated by the culture of dental pulp cells with type I collagen. These findings imply that type I collagen regulates mRNA level of Dmp‐1 and OCN gene that are predominantly expressed in active odontoblasts. The change of gene expression by type I collagen was suppressed by the blocking of collagen–integrin interaction. We could conclude that the effect of type I collagen was mediated via binding of collagen to integrin receptors. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 1112–1119, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly potent and selective inhibition of varicella‐zoster virus replication by bicyclic furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogues
Authors: Clercq Erik De 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe bicyclic furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogues represent an entirely new class of fused furopyrimidine derivatives with unprecedented selectivity for varicella‐zoster virus (VZV). From extensive structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies, the 6‐(p‐alkylphenyl)substituted furopyrimidine derivatives Cf 1742 and Cf 1743 emerged as the most potent inhibitors of VZV replication: they were found to inhibit both laboratory VZV strains and clinical VZV isolates at subnanomolar concentrations, while not being toxic to the host cells at 100,000‐fold higher concentrations. Although the precise mechanism of action of these compounds remains to be elucidated, it is clear that for their antiviral activity they depend on phosphorylation by the VZV‐encoded thymidine kinase. The furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogues are not susceptible to degradation by human or bacterial thymidine phosphorylase, which may otherwise release the free aglycone. Also, the latter is not inhibitory to dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the degradation of thymine, uracil, and the anticancer agent 5‐fluorouracil. Further development of the furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleoside analogues as new therapeutic modalities for the treatment of VZV infections (i.e., varicella and herpes zoster) seems highly justified. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev. 23, No. 3, 253–274, 2003
Fingers, Hands or Patients? the Concept of Independent Observations
Authors: SAUERLAND S. , LEFERING R. , BAYER-SANDOW T. , BRÜSER P. , NEUGEBAUER E.A.M. 
Published: March 2003

In hand surgery trials, it is often possible to take several measurements from the same patient, because many disorders here affect bilateral or multiple structures, such as the hand itself, the finger joints or the tendons. Most conventional statistical analyses that take place on the level of hands, digit rays or joints rather than patients violate the assumption that observations should be independent. Furthermore, ignoring the multiplicity of data inflates sample size and thus may lead to spurious significance. This article describes three options to deal with such problems. First, the analysis can simply be restricted to only one measurement per patient. Second, a self-controlled design may be advantageous for conditions that usually have a bilateral pattern. Third, complex statistical modelling (involving generalized estimating equations) can be used to analyse all available measurements with adjustment for data dependency.
The measurement of quality management culture in schools: development and validation of the SQMCS
Authors: Detert James R , Schroeder Roger G , Cudeck Robert 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThis paper reports on the development and validation of a survey instrument for measuring the culture of Quality Management (QM) in K‐12 educational settings. The intent was to develop an instrument that would tap both the behavioral norms and the underlying values and beliefs associated with a Quality culture. The process used in the development and honing of this measurement instrument included theory review, qualitative data analysis, practitioner input, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic techniques. Measures of fit and interpretability as well as reliability and validity evidence suggest the iteratively derived survey largely achieves the goal of providing verified scales for evaluating multiple aspects of a school’s Quality culture.
Biomechanical evaluation of healing in a non‐critical defect in a large animal model of osteoporosis
Authors: Lill C. A. , Hesseln J. , Schlegel U. , Eckhardt C. , Goldhahn J. , Schneider E. 
Published: March 2003

AbstractCurrent methods for fracture treatment in osteoporosis are not always sufficient. To develop new fixation strategies (both mechanical and biological) requires pre‐clinical testing utilizing appropriate models. The aim of this study was to apply a recently developed sheep model of osteoporosis to the study of healing in a non‐critical long bone defect. A standardized transverse mid‐shaft tibial osteotomy (with a fracture gap of 3 mm) was performed in seven osteoporotic and seven normal sheep and stabilized with a special external fixator for 8 weeks. The fixator was used for weekly in vivo bending stiffness measurements. Ex vivo bending stiffness and torsional stiffness of the callus zone were also determined. Callus area, callus density, and osteoporosis status were determined at 0, 4, and 8 weeks using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The increase of in vivo bending stiffness of the callus was delayed approximately 2 weeks in osteoporotic animals. A significant difference (33%) in torsional stiffness was found between the osteotomized and contralateral intact tibia in osteoporotic animals, but no significant difference occurred in normal sheep (2%). In osteoporotic animals, ex vivo bending stiffness was reduced 21% (p = 0.05). Bending stiffness was correlated with callus density (r = 0.76, r = 0.53); torsional stiffness was correlated with callus area (r = 0.60) and to a lesser extent with callus density (r = 0.53). This study demonstrated a delay of fracture healing in osteoporotic sheep tibiae with respect to callus formation, mineralization, and mechanical properties. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acute stress reactions following the assassination of Mexican presidential candidate colosio
Authors: Maldonado José R. , Page Kathy , Koopman Cheryl , Butler Lisa D. , Stein Heather , Spiegel David 
Published: March 2003

AbstractConsiderable evidence suggests that exposure to traumatic events increases the risk of developing anxiety‐spectrum disorders in response to later traumatization. We conducted a survey in Guadalajara. Mexico to assess factors associated with acute stress reactions to the assassination of a political figure. Participants included 86 adults who completed the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ) and measures of the perceived impact of the assassination, exhibited emotional behavior following the assassination, and had exposure to a specific prior disaster (a gas pipeline explosion). The results suggest that acute stress reactions can occur in response to an assassination, and that those most susceptible are those most emotionally invested, those who engage in emotional behavioral responses, and those whose lives have been affected by a previous potentially traumatic event.
DNA Polymerase-Associated Lectin (DPAL) and Its Binding to the Galactose-Containing Glycoconjugate of the Replication Complex
Authors: Kelley Thomas J. , Amand Tara St. , Groll Jeremy M. , Ray Satyajit , Basu Subhash 
Published: March 2003

The highly purified DNA Pol-α from rat prostate tumor (PA-3) and human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells appeared to be inhibited by Ricin (RCA-II), and Con-A. Loss of activity (40 to 60%) of a specific form of DNA polymerase from IMR-32 was observed when the cells were treated with tunicamycin [Bhattacharya, P. and Basu, S. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA79:1488–1492]. Binding of ConA and RCA to human recombinant DNA polymerase-α showed a specific labile site in the N-terminus [Hsi et al.. (1990) Nucleic Acid Res.18:6231–6237].
The catalytic polypeptide, DNA polymerase-α of eukaryotic origin, was isolated from developing tissues or cultured cells as a family of 180 to 120 kDa polypeptides, perhaps derived from a single primary structure. Immunoblot analysis with a monoclonal antibody (SJK-237-71) indicated that the lower molecular weight polypeptides resulted from either proteolytic cleavage of post-translational modification after specific cleavages. Present results suggest DNA polymerase-α from embryonic chicken brain (ECB) contains an α-galactose-binding subunit which may be involved in developmental regulation of the enzyme. It was shown before that the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase-α reduces from 186 kDa in 11-day-old ECB to 120 kDa in 19-day-old ECB [Ray, S. et al. Cell Growth and Differentiation2:567–573] by the treatment with methyl-α-galactose. The low molecular weight DNA polymerase activity (120 kDa) can be reconstituted to high molecular weight (Mr = 186 kDa) with an α-galactose binding, 56 kDa lectin-like protein. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the purified lectin were able to precipitate DNA.
Pol-α as determined by immunostaining with the polymerase-α-specific monoclonal antibody SJK 132-20, suggesting this is a DNA polymerase associated-lectin (DPAL). RCA-II and GS-I-Sepharose 4B chromatographies resulted in significant purification of DNA-α and a complete separation of polymerase complex and primase.
Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor Gamma and Retinoid X Receptor Results in Net Depletion of Cellular Cholesteryl Esters in Macrophages Exposed to Oxidized Lipoproteins
Authors: Argmann C.A. , Sawyez C.G. , McNeil C.J. , Hegele R.A. , Huff M.W. 
Published: March 2003

Objective—Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor, has pleiotropic effects, including regulation of macrophage differentiation and lipid homeostasis. The PPARγ ligands, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), attenuate atherosclerosis in mice by uncertain mechanisms. The objective of this study was to determine whether activation of PPARγ or its obligate heterodimer, retinoid X receptor (RXR), modulates macrophage foam cell formation induced by oxidized (ox) lipoproteins.Methods and Results—Incubation of THP-1 macrophages with oxHTG-VLDL, oxREM, or oxLDL increased cellular cholesteryl ester over 6-fold. Preincubation with the TZD, ciglitazone, the RXR-specific ligand, 9-cisretinoic acid (9cRA) or the combination reduced CE mass accumulation by up to 65%. Ciglitazone and 9cRA increased CD36 mRNA (up to 4-fold); however, uptake of [125I]oxLDL was only modestly enhanced (up to 1.8-fold) becaues of a concomitant PPARγ:RXR–induced decrease in SRAI/II activity (up to 40%). This suggested that PPARγ:RXR activation inhibited cholesteryl ester accumulation by enhancing cholesterol efflux. Ciglitazone and 9cRA were found to increase the expression of ATP-binding cassette proteins A1 and G1, resulting in enhanced cholesterol efflux to lipoprotein-deficient serum, apoAI and HDL3.Conclusions—PPARγ and/or RXR activation inhibit foam cell formation through enhanced cholesterol efflux despite increased oxLDL uptake. These observations explain the reduced atherosclerosis in TZD-treated mice and may extend the therapeutic implications of these ligands.
Allergic vs nonallergic asthma: what makes the difference?
Authors: Romanet‐Manent S. , Charpin D. , Magnan A. , Lanteaume A. , Vervloet D. ,   and the EGEA Cooperative Group
Published: March 2003

Background: The aim of this work was to describe clinical similarities and differences between allergic and nonallergic asthmatics, notably concerning the nasosinusal involvement.Methods: A total of 165 asthmatics (122 allergics and 43 nonallergics) and 193 controls (40 allergics and 153 nonallergics), recruited in the frame of EGEA study (Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopy), were included. Asthmatics were included on the basis of positive answer to four standardized items. To establish differences and similarities between allergic and nonallergic asthmatics, general characteristics (age, sex, smoking habits, history of hay fever and allergic dermatitis), history of asthma, severity and nasosinusal involvement were examined. Clinical assessment was based on the answers to a detailed questionnaire, and spirometry.Results: Greater age, female sex, sinusal polyposis, and FEV1 below 80% of the predicted value increased the risk of displaying a nonallergic type of asthma, whereas history of hay fever, seasonal exacerbation of asthma, and asthma duration lowered this risk. Unexpectedly, we found no difference in terms of rhinitic symptoms between both groups, probably resulting from distinct causes.Conclusion: These results give new insights into the contrasts between clinical features of allergic and nonallergic asthma. The terminology of extrinsic asthma was first introduced by Rackeman in 1947 (1) and referred to the triggering role of allergens in asthma. By symmetry, he described intrinsic asthma as a disease characterized by later onset in life, female predominance, higher degree of severity, and more frequent association to nasosinusal polyposis. As these asthmatics were not improved by conventional treatment, this author considered their disease as caused by a nonallergic, unknown phenomenon. It is now widely admitted that nonallergic asthma can be objectively distinguished from allergic asthma based on negative skin tests to usual aeroallergens. On the other hand, positive skin test shows a tendency to produce IgE antibodies in response to low doses of allergens. “Atopy” and “atopic” are the terms used to describe this clinical trait and predisposition (2). Allergic clinical manifestations of atopy are of various types, for example rhinitis and asthma. Nowadays the terminology of “extrinsic” and “intrinsic” asthma should no longer be used, and should be replaced by the terminology of “allergic” or “nonallergic” asthma (2).
Prevalence and features of allergic rhinitis in Italy
Authors: Olivieri M. , Verlato G. , Corsico A. , Lo Cascio V. , Bugiani M. , Marinoni A. , . de Marco R ,   for the Italian ECRHS group
Published: March 2003

Background: Italian data on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis are sparse and with wide variations, maybe because of different diagnostic criteria and methods of investigation. This study analyzes the information on rhinitis collected in northern Italy through standardized methods within the European Community Respiratory Health Survey.Methods: A screening questionnaire was sent by mail to a random sample of the general population aged 20–44 years, and nonresponders were contacted again by phone, achieving a final response rate of 86% (6031/7000). Among the responders, 914 randomly selected underwent a standardized clinical interview, skin prick test (SPT) and total and specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E determination.Results: The overall prevalence of self‐reported allergic rhinitis was 15.9% (95% CI 15.0–16.8%). Allergic rhinitis was more common in men below 35 years and in women older than that (P = 0.006), in urban areas (P < 0.001) and in early responders (P < 0.001). A larger percentage of subjects (37.7%) reported nasal symptoms when exposed to indoor or outdoor allergens. Atopy was present in 79% of the subjects reporting allergic rhinitis.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in northern Italy is similar to the prevalence observed in other European countries and that this disease is more common in urban areas.
Health impacts of second‐hand exposure to cat allergen Fel d 1 in infants
Authors: Heissenhuber A. , Heinrich J. , Fahlbusch B. , Borte M. , Wichmann H.‐E. , Bolte G. ,   for the LISA Study Group
Published: March 2003

Background: Recent cross‐sectional studies suggested that highest sensitization prevalences occur with moderate cat allergen exposures. We aimed to assess the impact of moderate levels of second‐hand cat allergen exposure on the incidence of specific sensitization and wheezing in the framework of a birth cohort study. Therefore we restricted our analysis to infants without a cat at home since birth.Methods: At infant's age 3 months, cat allergen levels were measured in the mattress dust of 1840 families without cats. At age 2 years, serum IgE specific to Fel d 1 was analyzed. Incidence of wheezing apart from respiratory infection was assessed by questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the association between second‐hand cat allergen exposure and health outcomes.Results: Until age 2 years, 13 of 1301 infants (1%) were sensitized to cat allergen and 56 of 1492 infants (4%) had ever‐wheezing without infection. Early exposure to second‐hand cat allergen levels ≥ 1 µg/g dust increased substantially the risk for specific sensitization to Fel d 1 (OR 10.9, 95% CI 3.4–35.0) and ever‐wheeze without infection (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.9) at age 2 years.Conclusions: Second‐hand exposure to cat allergen in homes without cats is detrimental in terms of allergy development in infants.
Winter mortality in sub‐corticolous populations of Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) and its parasitoids in the south‐eastern Alps
Authors: Faccoli M. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract A study concerning the winter mortality of a sub‐corticolous population of Ips typographus and its parasitoids has been carried out in the south‐eastern Alps (Italy) during the winter 1997/98. Three attacked spruce trees were sampled three times (November, February and April) by collecting infested bark disks (1 dm2 each). All insects that emerged from the bark or died in the samples before emergence were counted. The mean number of living Ips typographus occurring under the bark decreases by 49 % from November to April. Winter mortality mainly affects larval stages and young adults. The same trend was observed for the parasitoids Coeloides bostrychorum (48.5 %) and Roptrocerus xylophagorum (47.5 %).
Aphidius colemani Vier. (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) detected in cereal fields in Germany
Authors: Adisu B. , Starý P. , Freier B. , Büttner C. 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Studies conducted in the 2000 cropping season at two different localities, Flaeming and Magdeburger Boerde in Germany, have provided new information on cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae (F.), Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker), and Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)) parasitoids in winter wheat; their species composition, relative abundance, hosts, and location effects. The average aphid population density was higher at Magdeburger Boerde and lower at Flaeming. Among the aphid species, Sitobion avenae was more abundant at Flaeming and Metopolophium dirhodum at Magdeburger Boerde. In total, eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Aphidius colemani Viereck, Aphidius rhopalosiphi DeStefani Perez, Aphidius uzbekistanicus Luzhetzki, Aphidius ervi Haliday, Aphidius picipes (Nees), Ephedrus plagiator (Nees), Praon gallicumStarý, and Praon volucre (Haliday). The predominant parasitoid species were Aphidius colemani and Aphidius rhopalosiphi on Metopolophium dirhodum and Aphidius uzbekistanicus on Sitobion avenae. A low number of hyperparasitoids were also recorded. Aphidius colemani was recorded for the first time in the open winter wheat fields in Germany, although it has been used as a biocontrol agent in glasshouses in many European countries and overseas. An analysis of the aforementioned information shows that Aphidius colemani detected as a parasitoid of cereal aphids in Germany is likely a result of an accidental escape of parasitoids from a glasshouse, as well as their successful overwintering and establishment in the area. This study provides baseline information essential for assessing future changes in aphid parasitoid species guild and dynamics in cereal fields in Germany.
Studies on the biology of Cryphalus piceae (Ratz.) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in the Bartin and Karabük regions of Turkey
Authors: Toper Azize 
Published: March 2003

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the biology of Cryphalus piceae (Ratz.) (Col., Scolytidae) living in Abies bornmülleriana (Mattf.) in fir forests in the Western Black Sea region in Turkey. The dates of swarming, tree attack, egg‐laying, and different stages of development are given. The species had two generations per year.