bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of the ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) fauna in the canopy of the mangrove tree Sonneratia alba J. Smith in northern Australia
Authors: Nielsen Mogens Gissel 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe distribution and density of the ant fauna in the canopy of the mangrove tree Sonneratia alba J. Smith were investigated in Darwin Harbour, Australia. Ten ant species were found on Sonneratia but on the experimental trees only Camponotus sp. A, Crematogaster sp. A, Tetraponera punctulata Smith and Tapinoma spp. occurred at high densities. Camponotus sp. A was by far the most common species and is only known from Sonneratia. Samples of Sonneratia branches were taken at 1‐m intervals from 4 to 10 m above the lowest astronomical tide (LAT) level. A total of 278 nest chambers was dissected from the branches and the contents identified and counted. All observed nests were inferred to have been excavated by Camponotus sp. A queens, which were often observed excavating small cavities in the green shoots. The nest chambers were all small (5.2 ± 0.6 cm), normally covering only one internode, and the mean number of workers of Camponotus sp. A per nest was only 15.9. Chambers have only one small entrance, which can be blocked by a major worker or the queen with their head during high tide. The percentage of twigs hollowed out and inhabited by ants ranged from 2% at 4–5 m to more than 25% higher than 9 m above LAT. Queens were never observed in internodes that were more than 1 year old, although workers and brood were present. It is therefore assumed that the queens die shortly after colony founding and that the workers take over reproduction through some sort of thelytokous parthenogenesis.
Seasonal phenology of the gall‐making fly Fergusonina sp. (Diptera: Fergusoninidae) and its implications for biological control of Melaleuca quinquenervia
Authors: Goolsby John A , Makinson Jeffrey , Purcell Matthew 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA gall‐making fly, Fergusonina sp., is under study as a potential biological control agent of Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake, an invasive weed in Florida, USA. The seasonal phenology of Fergusonina sp. and its host M. quinquenervia was studied over 2 years in northern New South Wales and south‐eastern Queensland. Fergusonina sp. populations followed an annual cycle, with gall numbers peaking in August/September. Gall density was strongly correlated with leaf bud density and temperature, but not rainfall. Comparison of climates in Australia across the native range of Fergusonina sp. with the climate of Miami, Florida, predicts that climate should not be a limiting factor in its establishment. The fly/nematode complex of Fergusonina/Fergusobia sp. is compared with other gall‐making agents used in biological control programs. Galls are formed from primordial leaf bud and reproductive structures of the plant and have many of the attributes of a moderately powerful metabolic sink. High gall densities could potentially suppress seed production and reduce the vigour of the tree, which would make this insect species an effective biological control agent of M. quinquenervia.
Egg parasitoids of Australian Coreidae (Hemiptera)
Authors: Naumann Ian D , Steinbauer Martin J 
Published: March 2003

AbstractTen microhymenopteran species are recorded as parasitoids of the eggs of coreid bugs in Australia: Chrysochalcissa olivacea Girault (Torymidae) from Amorbus biguttatus Stål and Pternistria bispina Stål; two species of Anastatus Motschulsky (Eupelmidae) from Mictis profana (F.), Amorbus alternatus Dallas, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens (Distant) and an unidentified coreid; Xenoencyrtus hemipterus (Girault) (Encyrtidae) from Amorbus obscuricornis (Westwood) and Gelonus tasmanicus (Le Guillou); Ooencyrtus caurus Huang and Noyes (Encyrtidae) from A. lutescens lutescens;Centrodora darwini (Girault) (Aphelinidae) from an unidentified coreid; and four species of Gryon Haliday (Scelionidae) from Aulacosternum nigrorubrum (Dallas), A. lutescens lutescens, Amorbus rubicundus Stål, Mictis caja Stål, M. profana and an unidentified coreid. Alternate hosts and biological control prospects are discussed.
Status of the Ariphron generic group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): A critical review
Authors: Brown Graham R 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe Ariphron genus group is revised. The work of Kimsey is reviewed and emended including diagnoses, species lists by original combinations, distributions, a phylogenetic analysis and a key to the genera Ariphron Erichson, Tachynomyia Guérin, Tachynoides Kimsey and Tachyphron Brown. Takyomyia Kimsey is discussed and synonymised with Tachyphron, and Tachynoides is redefined. All species of Takyomyia are transferred to Tachyphron, except T. flavopicta Ritsema, which is transferred to Tachynoides, as is Ar. pauseris Montet. A lectotype is designated for Ar. pauseris. Phymatothynnus pygidiophorus Turner is transferred to Ariphron, Ar. bicolor propodealis Rohwer is synonymised with Ar. bicolor Erichson, and Ta. subfragilis Turner is removed from synonymy with Ta. evelinae Turner. Within the genus Tachynomyia, Ag. spinolae Guérin and T. fervidus Erichson are returned to synonymy with Ta. abdominalis Guérin, Aelurus vulpinus Smith (as T. schoberi Dalla Torre) and Ae. senex Smith (as T. schroederi Dalla Torre) are removed from synonymy with Ae. dentatus Smith, and Ae. dentatus and T. kaltenbrunneri Dalla Torre are returned to synonymy with Ta. punctatus Smith. The male of Ae. incanus Smith is designated as the lectotype and is considered a synonym of Ta. moerens (Westwood), while the paralectotype female is considered to be Ta. punctatus. The taxonomic decision to transfer Tachypterus albopictus Smith, Tachypterus australis Saussure, Tachypterus fasciatus Guérin, Ae. fulvifrons Smith, Ta. nitens Saussure and T. wieseri Dalla Torre to the genus Tachynomyia by Kimsey is not accepted. Kimsey’s claims to have newly synonymised Ar. rigidulus Turner with Ar. bicolor Erichson, T. fervidus Erichson with Agriomyia abdominalis Guérin, and Ae. pilosulus Smith with T. adustus Smith, are not accepted.
Mating behaviour and alternative oviposition sites for male eggs in the heteronomous hyperparasitoid Coccophagus gurneyi Compere (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)
Authors: Parkes GT , Walter GH 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe aphelinid parasitoid Coccophagus gurneyi Compere has unusual sex‐related host relationships. Females are diploid and develop internally within mealybugs Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell). Males, in contrast, are haploid and hyperparasitic, developing on primary parasitoid larvae within the mealybugs. Furthermore, males have been claimed to be capable of either internal or external development, depending on the precise site of deposition of the haploid egg. This diversity of developmental pathways could indicate the existence of a sibling‐species complex. We therefore quantified the mating and ovipositional behaviour of C. gurneyi, for comparison with that of an undescribed sibling species. We also checked whether the females deposit male eggs in alternative sites. The pattern of mating was found to be typical of mating behaviour in Coccophagus spp. and was consistent among all mating pairs, suggesting that the colony comprised one species. Further, the mating behaviour was significantly different from that of the undescribed sibling species. The site of male egg deposition varied and is apparently dictated by two factors; whether the mealybug is parasitised and, if so, the size of the parasitoid it contains. If the mealybugs were unparasitised or if the parasitoids within the mealybugs were small (< 0.53 mm), male eggs were deposited within the mealybug haemocoel. If the parasitoids were large (> 1.05 mm), male eggs were deposited within the parasitoids. These results support the claim of alternate host relationships and developmental pathways within males of C. gurneyi.
The walkeriana species‐group of Euhesma Michener (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Euryglossinae)
Authors: Exley Elizabeth M 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe walkeriana species‐group of iridescent Euhesma bees is described with the following nine species considered new: E. allunga, E. banksia, E. bronzus, E. dongara, E. lobata, E. spinola, E. sybilae, E. viridescens and E. xana. Two new synonymies are proposed: E. mica (Cockerell) with E. neglectula (Cockerell), and E. halictoides (Rayment) with E. latissima (Cockerell). A key enables the separation of species, and distributions are mapped.
Pest risk assessment of insects in sea cargo containers
Authors: Stanaway Mark A , Zalucki Myron P , Gillespie Peter S , Rodriguez Claudina M , Maynard Glynn V 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA survey of the floors of 3001 empty sea cargo containers in storage was undertaken to estimate the quarantine risk of importing exotic insect pests into Australia, with special reference to pests of timber. More than 7400 live and dead insects were collected from 1174 containers. No live infestations of timber‐feeding insects were recorded, but feeding damage detected in one floor indicates a low risk of importing colonies of timber pests in containers. The survey collection of dead insects demonstrates that containers are regularly exposed to economically important quarantinable insects, including timber pests (bostrichids, curculionids, cerambycids, siricids and termites), agricultural pests (including Adoretus sinicus, Adoretus sp., Carpophilus obsoletus and Philaenus spumarius), and nuisance pests (vespids and Solenopsis sp.). Stored product pests were found in more than 10% of containers. The assessment of pest risk associated with shipping containers is discussed in terms of the quantity and quality of opportunities for exotic insects to establish via this pathway.
Lysiphlebus Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Australia
Authors: Carver Mary , Franzmann Bernard 
Published: March 2003

AbstractRecords are provided of the aphidiine parasites of aphids, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) and L. testaceipes (Cresson), parasitizing species of Aphis Linnaeus, Rhopalosiphum Koch and Toxoptera Koch in eastern Australia. Both species of Lysiphlebus were imported into Australia in 1982 for purposes of biological control, evidently with little or no initial success. Lysiphlebus testaceipes, however, has been reared in abundance in eastern Australia since 1997. A brief account is given of the history of the parasites in Australia and the possible provenance of recently collected material is discussed. Characters to distinguish between the two species are provided.
Endemism and cryptogenesis in ‘segmented’ mites: A review of Australian Alicorhagiidae, Terpnacaridae, Oehserchestidae and Grandjeanicidae (Acari: Sarcoptiformes)
Authors: Walter David Evans 
Published: March 2003

AbstractEndeostigmata are early derivative acariform mites, fossils of which are known from the Devonian. Extant species bear numerous plesiomorphies, the most striking being remnant opisthosomal segmentation. Also, many are all‐female parthenogens with broad geographical distributions. Many of the species reported in the present study may represent clones of ancient Gondwana species. Before the present study only a handful of endeostigmatans had been reported from Australia. A key to the families of Endeostigmata is provided in the present paper, along with a review of the Australian fauna of the families Alicorhagiidae (new record), Grandjeanicidae (new record), Oehserchestidae (new record), and Terpnacaridae. Terpnacarus gibbosus (Womersley) is redescribed. A report of the first records of the cosmopolitan parthenogens Alicorhagia usitata Theron et al., Alycosmesis palmata (Oudemans), Stigmalychus veretrum Theron et al., Terpnacarus carolinaensis Theron, and Oehserchestes arboriger (Theron) in Australia is provided, along with a description of the new species Grandjeanicus theroni (Grandjeanicidae). Terpnacarus variolus Shiba and T. glebulentus Theron are junior synonyms of T. gibbosus.
Meiotic karyotypes and structure of testes in males of 17 species of Psyllidae: Spondyliaspidinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from Australia
Authors: Maryańska‐Nadachowska Anna , Taylor Gary S , Kuznetsova Valentina G 
Published: March 2003

AbstractChromosome numbers and sex‐determining systems of 16 species in 10 genera of Australian Psyllidae: Spondyliaspidinae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) are presented. This is the first comprehensive karyological study for the Spondyliaspidinae. Karyotypes were: 2n = 11 (10 + X) for males of Australopsylla sp., Boreioglycaspis melaleucae (Moore), Cardiaspina albitextura Taylor, Creiis sp., Platyobria lewisi Taylor and Spondyliaspis plicatuloides (Froggatt); 2n = 9 (8 + X) for Blastopsylla adnatariae Taylor, Blastopsylla moorei Taylor, Cardiaspina retator Taylor, Cryptoneossa sp. (near triangula Taylor), Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore; and 2n = 7 (6 + X) for Anoeconeossa communis Taylor, Anoeconeossa sp. (communis group), Anoeconeossa sp. (fuscipennis group), A. unicornuta Taylor and Creiis vulgaris Taylor. The chromosome number 2n = 7 is the lowest recorded for any Psylloidea. The number of testicular follicles and arrangement of spermatocyte cysts (spermatocysts) in the follicles of each species, and of an additional species, Ctenarytaina sp. are described. Aspects of the karyology and morphology of the male reproductive system of each of the 17 species in 11 genera of Spondyliaspidinae are discussed in terms of recent shifts in spondyliaspidine classification and of the phylogenetic position of the Spondyliaspidinae within the Psylloidea.
Meiotic karyotypes and structure of testes in males of 12 species of Psyllidae: Acizziinae, Carsidaridae and Triozidae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) from Australia
Authors: Maryańska‐Nadachowska Anna , Kuznetsova Valentina G , Taylor Gary S 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe structure of the internal reproductive system of males of 12 Australian species of Psylloidea is described. These are Acizzia loranthacae Taylor, A. acaciaebaileyanae (Froggatt) and two undescribed species of Acizzia Heslop‐Harrison (Psyllidae: Acizziinae), Protyora sterculiae (Froggatt) (Carsidaridae), Aacanthocnema dobsoni (Froggatt), three undescribed species of Trioza Förster, Schedotrioza apicobystra Taylor, S. distorta Taylor and S. multitudinea (Maskell) (Triozidae). Chromosome numbers were determined for all but the last three species. All species karyotyped had diploid chromosome numbers of 2n = 25 (24 + X) in males. Aspects of the karyology and morphology of the male internal reproductive system are discussed, and some comments on the placement of the Australian psylloid fauna within the higher classification of the Psylloidea are presented.
Distribution and sampling of adults of Rhabdoscelus obscurus (Boisduval) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their damage in sugarcane
Authors: Sallam Mohamed N , Garrad Steven W 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSampling statistics and spatial distribution were determined for adults of the sugarcane weevil borer, Rhabdoscelus obscurus, and for their damage in cane fields. Insect counts were obtained from split‐cane traps and pheromone‐baited traps. Counts of damaged internodes per stalk were also obtained from the same plots. Density and variance estimates of the three variables were fitted to Taylor’s power law, which provided significant regression in all three cases (R2 > 0.86). Spatial distributions of weevil borers as well as damage symptoms were clumped, which may explain the patchy nature of infestation in cane. Analysis of within‐plant distribution of damage showed that older internodes at the base of the stalk were more frequently infested than younger ones. Optimal sample sizes were determined for split‐cane and pheromone traps and damaged stalks. Sequential sampling plans and fixed‐precision level stop lines for the three parameters were also determined.
Abundance of Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pupae under cotton and other crops in central Queensland: Implications for resistance management
Authors: Sequeira Richard V , Playford Christina L 
Published: March 2003

AbstractPlanting of refuge crops and post‐harvest cultivation of soil in winter are key elements of resistance management strategies (RMS) for Bt‐transgenic (Ingard®) and conventional cottons in southern Queensland and New South Wales. As part of a larger project to examine the feasibility of growing Ingard® in central Queensland (CQ), field assessments were conducted during the 1996–97 growing season to examine the adequacy of the southern Bt‐cotton RMS under local environmental conditions. The suitability of cotton and a number of other field crops as refuges for Bt‐cotton was assessed in terms or their relative Helicoverpa pupal productivity. The practicality and potential effectiveness of post‐harvest cultivation under CQ conditions were also assessed. Field assessments show that pigeon pea has the greatest potential as a refuge for Bt‐cotton. Unsprayed cotton, sorghum and maize also produced substantially high pupal densities and hence are suitable refuge options, but they will require larger areas to be planted relative to pigeon pea. Post‐harvest cultivation in cotton fields is largely ineffective for resistance management under CQ conditions. A Bt‐cotton RMS for CQ is proposed. The CQ strategy includes refuge crop options contained in the southern strategy and the use of late season trap‐crops of pigeon pea as an alternative to post‐harvest cultivation.
Seasonal variation in larval‐instar head‐capsule sizes of Argentine stem weevil, Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Goldson Stephen L , McNeill Mark R , Proffitt John R , Baird David B 
Published: March 2003

AbstractThe distribution of head‐capsule widths of larvae of the Argentine stem weevil, Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel), was analysed using an extensive database and the results were compared to those in other publications. The study confirmed that there are four larval instars, but revealed that their size ranges can vary widely from season to season and/or generation to generation. Indications were that larval stage to larval stage first summer generation larvae tended to be larger than those in the second generation. Generally, Dyar’s Rule applied to all data sets, although the third‐to‐fourth‐instar ratio was sometimes below the mean value of 1.393; this was possibly related to observed sexual differences in size of L. bonariensis. The conformation to Dyar’s Rule resulted in first‐instar head‐capsule size being a predictor of subsequent mean instar stadia sizes. Possible reasons for the observed differences in L. bonariensis head‐capsule widths between seasons and generations are discussed.
Effect of body size on fecundity of Childers canegrub, Antitrogus parvulus Britton (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Logan David P , Allsopp Peter G , Zalucki Myron P 
Published: March 2003

AbstractActual and potential fecundity for Childers canegrub, Antitrogus parvulus Britton, was influenced by the size of females, with the largest females laying the most eggs. Actual or realised fecundity for A. parvulus averaged 18 eggs per female, about half of potential fecundity. Actual fecundity was significantly related to elytron length in a group of laboratory‐reared beetles, but not for a group of field‐collected beetles. Size was related to potential fecundity for four out of four groups of females collected from emergence traps in the field and for one of two groups reared in the laboratory from field‐collected late‐instar larvae. As females lay a single batch of eggs, beetle size may be important in the population dynamics of A. parvulus. Populations of A. parvulus with small beetles are potentially less likely to persist and expand than populations with relatively large females.
Diagnoses and immature stages of some AustralianTanytarsusvan der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: Ekrem Torbjørn 
Published: March 2003

AbstractDescriptions of immature stages and complete diagnoses ofTanytarsus barbitarsisFreeman,Tanytarsus fuscithoraxSkuse, Tanytarsus semibarbitarsusGlover andTanytarsus formosanusKieffer as well as diagnoses of adult males ofTanytarsus nichollsiGlover, Tanytarsus subinextentusGlover, Tanytarsus inextentusSkuse, andTanytarsus paskevillensisGlover are given.Tanytarsus dyceiGlover is shown to be a synonym ofTanytarsus formosanus. All species are potential members of theTanytarsus mendax, Tanytarsus gregarius, Tanytarsus eminulusorTanytarsus lugensspecies groups, but only three species fit the group diagnoses.
Megninia casuaricola sp. n. (Acari: Analgidae), the first feather mite from a cassowary (Aves: Struthioniformes: Casuariidae)
Authors: Proctor Heather C 
Published: March 2003

AbstractA new species of mite from the family Analgidae, Megninia casuaricola sp. n., is described from the feathers of a southern cassowary, Casuarius casuarius (L.). Until now, cassowaries were among the few terrestrial birds thought to be without feather mites. The new species of mite is readily distinguished from other described species of Megninia Berlese by the lack of vertical setae (vi) in all stages, poorly developed tibial spurs on legs I and II, and elongate and deeply incised terminal lobes in the male. Megninia species are primarily associated with galliform birds, but are also known from Coliiformes, Cuculiformes and Columbiformes. Feather mites have now been collected from most living genera of ratites (Struthio L., Rhea Brisson, Apteryx Shaw, Casuarius Brisson, but not Dromaius Vieillot). Host ranges and phylogenetic affiliations of these mites do not support the common belief that ratites represent a primitive palaeognathous lineage; rather, they agree more readily with the hypothesis that ratites are descendants of relatively recent neognathous birds.
Baseline laboratory bioassay data for spinosad against populations of Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Levot Garry W , Rothwell Jim T , Sales Narelle 
Published: March 2003

AbstractSpinosad was an effective larvicide against the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia
cuprina. A survey of 41 field populations indicated no cross‐resistance to spinosad from existing organophosphate resistance. The data presented serve as baseline data for future resistance surveys.
New gall‐inducing species of ormocerine pteromalid (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae: Ormocerinae) described from New Zealand
Authors: Berry Jocelyn A , Withers Toni M 
Published: March 2003

Abstract Nambouria xanthops Berry and Withers, a new species of ormocerine pteromalid
reared from galls on Eucalyptus nicholii Maiden and Blakely, Eucalyptus
glaucescens Maiden and Blakely, Eucalyptus cinerea F. Muell. ex Benth.
and Eucalyptus viminalis Labill. (Myrtaceae), is described from New Zealand.
Nambouria xanthops is presumed to be introduced accidentally from Australia.
The placement of this new species in the genus Nambouria Boucek is discussed.