bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent classification and analysis of regional landforms based on automatic feature selection
Authors: Xu Yuexue , Zhu Hongchun , Lu Zhiwei , Yang Yanrui , Zhu Guocan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTerrain features are an important basis for realizing high‐precision landform classification, and feature selection is a key step of machine learning and knowledge mining. However, the feature selection process is facing challenges due to the multidimensionality and correlation of multisource terrain feature datasets and factors. Traditional feature selection methods lack enough consideration for the interpretability and transparency of feature factors, but the transparent decision‐making process of feature selection precisely determines the modelling effect and the reliability of model application results. Current research urgently needs to work out the black holes of visual representation during feature selection. In the process of intelligent landform classification, multiple and effective terrain feature is an essential factor in enhancing the performance and generalisation ability of the network. Therefore, we initially selected 40 terrain feature parameters, including basic terrain factors and digital elevation model (DEM) terrain textures, to calculate the feature contribution degree and sort the parameter importance based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method, then reserved 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% terrain features in turn for constructing the landform classification dataset. Because the traditional UNet network cannot completely capture abrupt landform features, the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was integrated into the UNet, and a deep learning model was established for the fine‐grained classification of regional landforms. Considering the calculation rate, even though there are large regional spatial differences and genetic mechanisms, it is appropriate to retain 20% of terrain features for intelligent landform classification. The classification accuracy of typical regions, namely, the Hanzhong Basin, North China Plain, Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau and Tibetan Plateau, reached 98.76%, 97.36%, 96.3% and 92.78%, respectively, and what's more, some accuracies went up to a higher level under other feature combinations. Meanwhile, given the different feature combinations corresponding to regional landform types, the combinative stability and spatial orderliness characteristics were explored to explain the accuracy variation trend.
HK2 in microglia and macrophages contribute to the development of neuropathic pain
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Jiang Chao , Cao Kelei , Li Run , Gao Zhihua , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeuropathic pain is a complex pain condition accompanied by prominent neuroinflammation involving activation of both central and peripheral immune cells. Metabolic switch to glycolysis is an important feature of activated immune cells. Hexokinase 2 (HK2), a key glycolytic enzyme enriched in microglia, has recently been shown important in regulating microglial functions. Whether and how HK2 is involved in neuropathic pain‐related neuroinflammation remains unknown. Using a HK2‐tdTomato reporter line, we found that HK2 was prominently elevated in spinal microglia. Pharmacological inhibition of HK2 effectively alleviated nerve injury‐induced acute mechanical pain. However, selective ablation of Hk2 in microglia reduced microgliosis in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) with little analgesic effects. Further analyses showed that nerve injury also significantly induced HK2 expression in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) macrophages. Deletion of Hk2 in myeloid cells, including both DRG macrophages and spinal microglia, led to the alleviation of mechanical pain during the first week after injury, along with attenuated microgliosis in the ipsilateral SDH, macrophage proliferation in DRGs, and suppressed inflammatory responses in DRGs. These data suggest that HK2 plays an important role in regulating neuropathic pain‐related immune cell responses at acute phase and that HK2 contributes to neuropathic pain onset primarily through peripheral monocytes and DRG macrophages rather than spinal microglia.
Point‐of‐care detection of fibrosis in liver transplant surgery using near‐infrared spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Sharma Varun J. , Adegoke John A. , Fasulakis Michael , Green Alexander , Goh Su K. , Peng Xiuwen , Liu Yifan , Jackett Louise , Vago Angela , Poon Eric K. W. , Starkey Graham , Moshfegh Sarina , Muthya Ankita , D'Costa Rohit , James Fiona , Gordon Claire L. , Jones Robert , Afara Isaac O. , Wood Bayden R. , Raman Jaishankar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionVisual assessment and imaging of the donor liver are inaccurate in predicting fibrosis and remain surrogates for histopathology. We demonstrate that 3‐s scans using a handheld near‐infrared‐spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument can identify and quantify fibrosis in fresh human liver samples.MethodsWe undertook NIRS scans on 107 samples from 27 patients, 88 from 23 patients with liver disease, and 19 from four organ donors.ResultsLiver disease patients had a median immature fibrosis of 40% (interquartile range [IQR] 20–60) and mature fibrosis of 30% (10%–50%) on histopathology. The organ donor livers had a median fibrosis (both mature and immature) of 10% (IQR 5%–15%). Using machine learning, this study detected presence of cirrhosis and METAVIR grade of fibrosis with a classification accuracy of 96.3% and 97.2%, precision of 96.3% and 97.0%, recall of 96.3% and 97.2%, specificity of 95.4% and 98.0% and area under receiver operator curve of 0.977 and 0.999, respectively. Using partial‐least square regression machine learning, this study predicted the percentage of both immature (R2 = 0.842) and mature (R2 = 0.837) with a low margin of error (root mean square of error of 9.76% and 7.96%, respectively).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that a point‐of‐care NIRS instrument can accurately detect, quantify and classify liver fibrosis using machine learning.
Exploring the link between drought‐related terms and public interests: Global insights from LSTM‐based predictions and Google Trends analysis
Authors: Shahabi‐Haghighi Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Hamidifar Hossein 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEffective drought monitoring is of paramount importance in hydrology. It aids in mitigating the detrimental effects of water scarcity, facilitates sustainable resource management, and informs policy decisions. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively comprehend the dynamics and trends of drought‐related phenomena. This study aims to explore the relationship between six low water quantity terms including drought, water crisis, water scarcity, water shortage, water stress, and water insecurity and some socio‐economic, geographic, and demographic parameters for different regions of the world and to predict the future trend of public interest in the mentioned terms using Long Short‐Term Memory neural network (LSTM) models. Google Trend data analysis was used to examine the public interest in these terms from 2017 to 2022. The LSTM models were trained using historical data on the studied terms, and their performance was evaluated using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) indicator. The Google Trend data analysis showed that public interest in water shortage and water insecurity increased significantly from 2017 to 2022. The LSTM models showed promising results for predicting future trends in the mentioned water related issues, with RMSE scores (dimensionless) ranging from 0.04 to 0.43. The most significant socio‐economic, geographic and demographic parameters were found to be population, life expectancy, access to drinking water, and access to Internet while there was no correlation between precipitation and searched terms. The results suggest that LSTM models can be an effective tool for forecasting water related issues and emphasizes the importance of socio‐economic, geographic and demographic parameters in the public search behaviour around the world. The study also highlights the increasing public awareness of water related issues and the need for sustainable water management practices, particularly in regions with high water shortage and insecurity. The LSTM‐based prediction models in this study have practical applications in early warning systems for droughts, community education on water conservation, prioritizing vulnerable areas, assessing public perception of climate change's relation to droughts, and evaluating water policies. Further research is needed to improve the accuracy of these models incorporating the effective parameters and to develop effective strategies for managing water resources in regions facing water scarcity.
Effect of stretching on inflammation in a subcutaneous carrageenan mouse model analyzed at single‐cell resolution
Authors: Berrueta Lisbeth , Muñoz‐Vergara Dennis , Martin Daniel , Thompson Rebecca , Sansbury Brian E. , Spite Matthew , Badger Gary J. , Langevin Helene M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the factors that influence the biological response to inflammation is crucial, due to its involvement in physiological and pathological processes, including tissue repair/healing, cancer, infections, and autoimmune diseases. We have previously demonstrated that in vivo stretching can reduce inflammation and increase local pro‐resolving lipid mediators in rats, suggesting a direct mechanical effect on inflammation resolution. Here we aimed to explore further the effects of stretching at the cellular/molecular level in a mouse subcutaneous carrageenan‐inflammation model. Stretching for 10 min twice a day reduced inflammation, increased the production of pro‐resolving mediator pathway intermediate 17‐HDHA at 48 h postcarrageenan injection, and decreased both pro‐resolving and pro‐inflammatory mediators (e.g., PGE2 and PGD2) at 96 h. Single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis of inflammatory lesions at 96 h showed that stretching increased the expression of both pro‐inflammatory (Nos2) and pro‐resolution (Arg1) genes in M1 and M2 macrophages at 96 h. An intercellular communication analysis predicted specific ligand–receptor interactions orchestrated by neutrophils and M2a macrophages, suggesting a continuous neutrophil presence recruiting immune cells such as activated macrophages to contain the antigen while promoting resolution and preserving tissue homeostasis.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Nilotinib for Drug‐Drug Interactions, Pediatric Patients, and Pregnancy and Lactation
Authors: Liu Xiaomei I. , Leong Ruby , Burckart Gilbert J. , Dallmann André 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNilotinib is a second‐generation BCR‐ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome‐positive chronic myeloid leukemia in both adult and pediatric patients. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of nilotinib in specific populations such as pregnant and lactating people remain poorly understood. Therefore, the objectives of the current study were to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict nilotinib PK in virtual drug‐drug interaction (DDI) studies, as well as in pediatric, pregnant, and lactating populations. The nilotinib PBPK model was built in PK‐Sim, which is part of the free and open‐source software Open Systems Pharmacology. The observed clinical data for the validation of the nilotinib models were obtained from the literature. The model reasonably predicted nilotinib concentrations in the adult population; the DDIs between nilotinib and rifampin or ketoconazole in the adult population; and the PK in the pediatric, pregnant, and lactating populations, although in the latter 2 populations plasma concentrations were slightly underestimated. The ratio of predicted versus observed PK parameters for the adult model ranged from 0.71 to 1.11 for area under the concentration‐time curve and 0.55 to 0.95 for maximum concentration. For the DDI, the predicted area under the concentration‐time curve ratio and maximum concentration ratio fell within the Guest criterion. The current study demonstrated the utility of using PBPK modeling to understand the mechanistic basis of PK differences between adults and specific populations, such as pediatrics, and pregnant and lactating individuals, indicating that this technology can potentially inform or optimize dosing conditions in specific populations.
An analysis of the impact of annual cancer genetic testing guideline updates on a past patient population
Authors: Johnson Jordan , Hogan Elizabeth , Merrill Michelle , Noss Ryan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGermline genetic testing for cancer predisposition genes has become an essential component of cancer treatment and risk reduction. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) releases annual genetic testing guidelines that identify characteristics of patients that could be affected by a hereditary cancer syndrome. These guidelines have broadened over time and the implications for past patients of cancer genetics clinics are not well understood. This study is a retrospective chart review aimed at determining the percentage and characteristics of past patients that meet updated NCCN guidelines (Breast, Ovarian, and Pancreas [BOP] v1.2022 and Colorectal [CRC] v1.2021), patients that attended a follow‐up appointment, and patients who went on to receive genetic testing. Clinical data and characteristics were compared between the study population as a whole and the cohort of patients that met updated NCCN guidelines BOP v1.2022 and CRC v1.2021. The study population consisted of 280 patients with 76 (27.1%) patients meeting updated NCCN guidelines BOP v1.2022 and CRC v1.2021. The year of initial cancer genetic counseling appointment was statistically significant (p = 0.023) with patients more likely to meet NCCN guidelines BOP v1.2022 and CRC v1.2021 with earlier initial cancer genetic counseling appointments. In the cohort that met updated NCCN guidelines BOP v1.2022 and CRC v1.2021, the most common reason was a change in the NCCN guidelines (BOP or CRC) (54/76, 71.1%) with triple‐negative breast cancer diagnosed at any age being the most impactful guideline change (19/54, 35.2%). Twenty‐one patients attended a follow‐up appointment (7.5%) and of those that received genetic testing (17/21, 81%) most received negative results (13/17, 61.9%), with one pathogenic, low penetrance result (1/17, 5.9%, CHEK2 p.I157T). Provider‐initiated follow‐up was attributed to most follow‐up appointments (16/21, 76.2%) implying patients do not tend to follow‐up on their own. Education to non‐genetics providers as well as targeted implementation of follow‐up protocols possibly managed by genetic counseling assistants and utilizing electronic medical record (EMR) patient messaging could lead to improved patient follow‐up.
自動体外式除細動器における不整脈検出能の実験的検討(Experimental investigation of arrhythmia detection by automated external defibrillators)
Authors: 穂ノ佳 古澤 , 雄之 木口 , 優美 米野 , 博太 木田 , 充 上野山 , 聡 藤見 
Published: November 2023

要旨【目的】自動体外式除細動器（AED）は，傷病者の心拍を自動解析し，致死性不整脈に対して電気ショックを施す装置である。しかし，AEDの不整脈鑑別能は各機器のアルゴリズムに依存しており不明な点も多い。そこで，AEDの上室性頻拍，心室頻拍，心室細動の波形鑑別能を調査し，AEDが治療の可否を判断する不整脈について検討した。【方法】Philips社製AED（Heart Start FRx）と日本光電社製AED（TEC–3150）を使用し，接触抵抗（70Ω）を組み込んだ実験用模擬回路を作成した。Fluke社製シミュレータ（ProSim 8）を用いて，上室性頻拍（心拍数120～200bpm），単形性心室頻拍（心拍数120～200bpm），多形性心室頻拍（5波形），心室細動（2波形）の模擬心電図波形をAEDに入力した。入力波形は一般的な心電図波形を模擬するため，すべて振幅0.5mVとした。各波形に対してAEDが治療を必要とした場合は陽性，不要と判断した場合は陰性として波形鑑別能を検証した。【結果】両機種とも上室性頻拍時はすべて陰性，心室細動時はすべて陽性と判定した。一方，単形性心室頻拍や多形性心室頻拍では不整脈鑑別能に機種間のばらつきを認めた。単形性心室頻拍時では，Heart Start FRxは，心拍数を問わずすべて陰性と判定されたのに対し，TEC–3150は180bpm未満の波形では陰性，それ以上では陽性と判定された。多形性心室頻拍時では，Heart Start FRxはすべて陰性，TEC–3150はすべて陽性と判定された。【結語】AEDは，機種によって不整脈鑑別能は大きく異なる可能性がある。医療従事者は，こうしたAEDの性能と限界を認識したうえで使用する必要がある。
Reconstructing the subcephalic musculature in Pucapampella and Ichthyostega
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander N. , Kryukova Nadezhda V. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe present new reconstructions of subcephalic musculature for the stem chondrichthyan Pucapampella, the tetrapodomorph fish Eusthenopteron, and the Devonian tetrapod Ichthyostega. These reconstructions are based on macroscopic dissections of the head muscles of an archaic shark Heptranchias and an archaic actinopterygian Polypterus, that are combined with functional considerations and a reappraisal of not widely known theoretical concepts from the past. The subcephalic, as well as the supracephalic, musculature is formed by four anterior myomeres. They are continuous with subsequent myomeres of the trunk, but are innervated by ventral nerve roots of the medulla oblongata and thus belong to the head. The fourth subcephalic myomere ends with its posterior myoseptum on the occiput in osteichthyans, but on the first vertebra in chondrichthyans. The original function of subcephalic and supracephalic muscles in basal gnathostomes supposedly was to hold together anterior and posterior parts of the neurocranium during interaction with prey, such as the backward‐ripping prey dissection, hypothesized for Pucapampella. In sarcopterygian osteichthyans, subcephalic musculature is involved in active depression of the anterior part of the neurocranium; specialization of this mechanism resulted in a complete separation of m. subcephalicus from trunk myomeres in Latimeria. Fusion of anterior and posterior parts of the neurocranium has resulted in reduction of the subcephalic musculature in the majority of cartilaginous and bony fishes. However, hexanchid sharks retain three posterior subcephalic myomeres for backward‐ripping prey dissection. Polypterus and Chauliodus have retained the subcephalic musculature, but its function has shifted to a depression of the whole neurocranium.
Molecular characterization of a novel clade echovirus 3 isolated from patients with hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease in southwest China
Authors: Chen Junwei , Chu Zhaoyang , Zhang Ming , Liu Yuhan , Feng Changzeng , Li Li , Yang Zhaoqing , Ma Shaohui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEchovirus 3 (E3) belongs to the species Enterovirus B. Currently, three nearly whole‐genome sequences of E3 are available in GenBank in China. In this study, we determined the whole genomic sequences of six E3 strains isolated from the stools of patients with hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease in Southwest China in 2022. Their nucleotide and amino acid sequences shared 82.1%–86.4% and 96.6%–97.2% identity with the prototype Morrisey strain, respectively, and showed 87.1% and 97.2% mutual identity. The six E3 strains are not clustered with other Chinese strains and formed a novel subgenotype (C6) with the recent American and British strains. Recombination analyses revealed that intertype recombination had occurred in the 2 C and 3D regions of the six E3 strains with coxsackieviruses B5 and B4, respectively. This study augments the nearly whole‐genome sequences of E3 in the GenBank database and extends the molecular characterization of this virus in China.
Characterization of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth honey: volatile profile, odor‐active compounds and odor properties
Authors: Li Hongxia , Liu Zhaolong , Shuai Mengying , Song Mei , Qiao Dong , Peng Wenjun , Chen Lanzhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAroma is one of the most important quality criterion of different honeys and even defines their merchant value. The composition of volatile compounds, especially the characteristic odor‐active compounds, contributes significantly to the aroma of honey. Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth honey (ERBH) is a special honey in China with unique flavor characteristics. However, no work in the literature has investigated the volatile compounds and characteristic odor‐active compounds of ERBHs. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct systematic investigation into the volatile profile, odor‐active compounds and odor properties of ERBHs.RESULTSThe characteristic fingerprint of ERBHs was successfully constructed with 12 characteristic peaks and a similarity range of 0.785–0.975. In total, 297 volatile compounds were identified and relatively quantified by headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, of which 61 and 31 were identified as odor‐active compounds by relative odor activity values and GC‐olfactometry analysis, respectively, especially the common 22 odor‐active compounds (E)‐β‐damascenone, phenethyl acetate, linalool, cis‐linalool oxide (furanoid), octanal, hotrienol, trans‐linalool oxide (furanoid), 4‐oxoisophorone and eugenol, etc., contributed significantly to the aroma of ERBHs. The primary odor properties of ERBHs were floral, followed by fruity, herbaceous and woody aromas. The partial least‐squares regression results showed that the odor‐active compounds had good correlations with the odor properties.CONCLUSIONIdentifying the aroma differences of different honeys is of great importance. The present study provides a reliable theoretical basis for the quality and authenticity of ERBHs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Salivary Gland Secretory Carcinoma; Review of 13 Years World‐Wide Experience and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yosefof Eyal , Boldes Tomer , Dan Daniel , Robenshtok Eyal , Strenov Yulia , Bachar Gideon , Shpitzer Thomas , Mizrachi Aviram 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesSecretory Carcinoma is a malignant salivary gland tumor, initially described in 2010. This rare tumor is associated with the translocation t(12;15) (p13;q25), resulting in the fusion gene ETV6‐NTRK3. Since this tumor is quite rare, most publications describe only small cohorts of patients. We aimed to investigate the clinical, pathological, and prognostic features of this newly defined malignant entity.Data SourcesPubmed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.Review MethodsAll published articles between 2010 and 2023 were reviewed. Search terms included the terms “Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma” and “Secretory Carcinoma”. All articles published in English reporting on Secretory Carcinoma of salivary glands were retrieved.ResultsOne‐hundred and 12 retrospective articles reporting a total of 674 patients were included, with 52% males and a mean age of 44.9 ± 18.9. The event rate for patients with advanced‐stage disease (Stage 3/4) at presentation was 24.1% (95% CI 17.6%–31.9%, I2 = 9.2%), 14.6% for regional metastases (95% CI 10.5%–20%, I2 = 12%), and the event rate of distant metastasis was 8.4% (95% CI 5.5%–12.7%, I2 = 4.2%). Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered for 30.3% of patients (95% CI 24.1%–37.2%, I2 = 21.5%). The recurrence rate was 19% (95% CI 15.1%–23.8%, I2 = 5%). Survival outcomes showed a 17.2% death of disease rate for Secretory Carcinoma patients (95% CI 13.5%–21.8%, I2 = 7.3%).ConclusionsSecretory Carcinoma is a rare and relatively newly defined entity arising in the parotid gland most commonly. Characterized as a low‐grade tumor, the majority of patients are diagnosed at an early stage, without regional or distant disease, and the prognosis is relatively good.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:1716–1724, 2024