bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bidirectional association between breast cancer and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Bao Fuxing , Yu Liang , Zhang Xiaolei , Mu Qier 
Published: January 2025

Background
Cognitive decline following cancer treatment can vary from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia. However, there is inconsistent evidence regarding the relationship between breast cancer survivors and their risk of developing dementia. This meta-analysis aims to consolidate observational studies to explore the bidirectional association between breast cancer and dementia risk.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search using medical subject headings (MeSH) and keywords across PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies examining the link between breast cancer and dementia risk. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 14.0, with a random effects model employed to account for heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test.

Results
This meta-analysis included 13 studies with a total of 346,051 participants, up to June 20, 2024. Of these, seven studies investigated the risk of dementia among patients with breast cancer, revealing a lower risk [OR = 0.56, 95% CI [0.27–1.18], I2 = 99.1%, P = 0.128]. Similarly, seven studies explored the risk of breast cancer in individuals with dementia, showing a lower risk as well [OR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.51–1.22], I2 = 94.5%, P = 0.290].

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that breast cancer is less likely to lead to dementia and that dementia is similarly low associated with risk of breast cancer. These insights are crucial for clinicians in guiding the prevention and monitoring of neurodegenerative conditions in patients with breast cancer.
Effect of exercise intervention on health-related quality of life in middle-aged and older people with osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Geng Di , Li Xiaogang , Shi Yan 
Published: January 2025

Background
Osteoporosis is a common condition affecting middle-aged and older people, posing a serious threat to their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). In recent years, multiple studies have investigated the impact of exercise interventions on HRQOL in middle-aged and older individuals with osteoporosis, but the conclusions have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine the true significance of exercise interventions on HRQOL in middle-aged and older individuals with osteoporosis and to identify optimal exercise prescriptions.

Methods
Six databases were searched for RCTs on the impact of exercise interventions on HRQOL in middle-aged and older individuals with osteoporosis. The methodological quality of the study was evaluated with Cochrane risk assessment tool. The effect size pooling, heterogeneity testing, and publication bias were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software.

Result
A total of 14 RCTs involving 1,214 participants were included, published between 2007 and 2022. The pooled results demonstrated that exercise interventions significantly improved general HRQOL (SMD = 0.79, 95% CI [0.34–1.24], p = 0.0006). In terms of physical HRQOL, significant improvements were observed in bodily pain (SMD = 0.51, 95% CI [0.24–0.78], p= 0.0002), physical function (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI [0.21–0.91], p = 0.002), role physical (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI [0.14–0.64], p = 0.003), and general health (SMD = 0.68, 95% CI [0.25–1.11], p = 0.002). Regarding mental HRQOL, significant improvements were found in vitality (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI [0.15–1.01], p = 0.008), social function (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI [0.17–0.58], p = 0.0004), and mental health (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI [0.25–0.74], p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis results indicated that resistance training (SMD = 1.01, 95% CI [0.50–1.52], p = 0.0001), intervention frequency of at least three times per week (SMD = 0.80, 95% CI [0.22–1.38], p = 0.007), and intervention duration of 13–24 weeks (SMD = 0.85, 95% CI [0.37–1.33], p = 0.0005) had large and significant effects on general HRQOL improvements.

Conclusion
Exercise interventions improved HRQOL in middle-aged and older individuals with osteoporosis. Resistance training has shown greater benefits than mixed exercises. The optimal frequency is at least three per week, yielding the greatest improvement. Exercise interventions lasting 13–24 weeks had the most pronounced effect compared to other durations.

Registration
PROSPERO (No. CRD42023438771).
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials for physical activity among colorectal cancer survivors: directions for future research
Authors: Mao Jiayu , Qiu Xiaoke , Zhang Yi , Wang Can , Yang Xueli , Li Qiuping 
Published: January 2025

Background
Physical activity (PA) is critically important to cancer rehabilitation. However, PA levels are generally lower in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors compared to other cancer survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of PA interventions in increasing PA levels and to provide recommendations for developing PA interventions in CRC survivors.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan Fang Data from January 2010 to March 1, 2024. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of eligible studies, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) method was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. The random-effects model was used in meta-analysis, and data were analyzed using standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
A total of 22 studies were included in this review, all of which were rated as having good methodological quality based on the PEDro scale. In the meta-analysis, nine of these studies involving 684 participants were included, and results showed that PA interventions have a positive effect on increasing total PA levels in CRC survivors (Z = 2.79, p = 0.005). Results of subgroup analysis revealed that supervised PA interventions (Z = 2.82, p = 0.005) and PA interventions with multiple intervention components (Z = 3.06, p = 0.002) effectively increased total PA levels for CRC survivors. In addition, research evidence suggests that daily as the frequency (Z = 4.28, p < 0.001), Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as the intensity (Z = 2.29, p = 0.022), aerobic combined with resistance exercise as the type of PA (Z = 4.19, p < 0.001) is appropriate for increasing total PA levels in CRC survivors.

Conclusions
The findings of this review provide strong evidence supporting the positive role of PA interventions in improving total PA levels among CRC survivors. This study offers preliminary insights into the appropriate patterns of PA interventions (e.g., frequency, intensity, type) for enhancing total PA levels in CRC survivors. However, further high-quality clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal timing, duration, and delivery methods of PA interventions to maximize their effectiveness in this population.
Investigation of geographic disparities and temporal changes of non-gestational diabetes-related emergency department visits in Florida: a retrospective ecological study
Authors: Khan Md Marufuzzaman , Odoi Agricola 
Published: January 2025

Background
Rates of diabetes-related Emergency Department (ED) visits in Florida increased by 54% between 2011 and 2016. However, little information is available on geographic disparities of ED visit rates and how these disparities changed over time in Florida and yet this information is important for guiding resource allocation for diabetes control programs. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (a) investigate geographic disparities and temporal changes in non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates in Florida and (b) identify predictors of geographic disparities in non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates.

Methods
The ED data for the period between 2016 and 2019 were obtained from the Florida Agency for Healthcare Administration. Records of non-gestational diabetes-related ED visits were extracted using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes. Monthly non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates were computed and temporal changes were investigated using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. County-level non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates per 100,000 person-years were calculated and their geographic distributions were visualized using choropleth maps. Clusters of counties with high non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates were identified using Kulldorff’s circular and Tango’s flexible spatial scan statistics. Predictors of non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates were investigated using negative binomial model. The geographic distributions of significant (p ≤ 0.05) high-rate clusters and predictors of ED visit rates were displayed on maps.

Results
There was a significant (p < 0.001) increase in non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates from 266 visits per 100,000 person-months in January 2016 to 332 visits per 100,000 person-months in December 2019. Clusters of high non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates were identified in the northern and south-central parts of Florida. Counties with high percentages of non-Hispanic Black, current smokers, uninsured, and populations with diabetes had significantly higher non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates, while counties with high percentages of married populations had significantly lower ED visit rates.

Conclusions
The study findings confirm geographic disparities of non-gestational diabetes-related ED visit rates in Florida with high-rate areas observed in the rural northern and south-central parts of the state. Specific attention is required to address disparities in counties with high diabetes prevalence, high percentages of non-Hispanic Black, and uninsured populations. These findings are useful for guiding public health efforts geared at reducing disparities and improving diabetes outcomes in Florida.
Optimizing in vitro fertilization in four Caribbean coral species
Authors: Chamberland Valérie F. , Bennett Matthew-James , Doblado Speck Tania , Latijnhouwers Kelly R. W. , Miller Margaret W. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Larval propagation and seeding of scleractinian corals for restoration is a rapidly expanding field, with demonstrated applications to assist the recovery of declining populations on reefs. The process typically involves collecting coral reproductive material, facilitating in vitro fertilization (IVF), and settling and outplanting the resulting coral offspring. Optimizing IVF can reduce gamete wastage and increase larval yields for propagation, therefore improving the efficiency of this intervention.

Methods
In this study we tested three IVF conditions in four Caribbean broadcast-spawning coral species (i.e., Diploria labyrinthiformis, Colpophyllia natans, Pseudodiploria strigosa, Orbicella faveolata) to determine sperm concentration, gamete age, and co-incubation time resulting in the highest fertilization success. For each species, we exposed eggs from a single dam to pooled sperm samples from three sires (1) at concentrations ranging from zero to 109 cell mL−1, (2) after letting gametes age for 2 to 6 h, and (3) for a period of 15 to 120 min.

Results
These experiments revealed a gamete longevity of at least 4 h and clear minimum sperm concentration thresholds (>105 to 106 cell mL−1) in all four species. Fertilization took place much faster than expected (≤15 min) in the three brain corals under study, whereas O. faveolata gametes required a co-incubation period of 60 to 120 min to achieve maximum IVF success.

Discussion
We present these results in the context of IVF data available for other hermaphroditic broadcast-spawning scleractinians. We then provide recommendations for coral breeding practitioners to maximize larval production from gamete collections, and finally, we discuss our findings’ potential implications on fertilization dynamics during natural coral spawning events.
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1 is a potential biomarker affecting the malignant phenotype and aerobic glycolysis in glioblastoma
Authors: Lu Weihong , Huang Guozheng , Yu Yihan , Zhai Xia , Zhou Xiangfeng 
Published: January 2025

Background
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) has been considered as a potential prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma (GBM), and this study explored the underlying mechanism.

Methods
The expression and effect of FBP1 expression on the prognosis of GBM patients were examined applying bioinformatics analyses. After measuring the expression of FBP1 in normal glial cell line HEB and GBM cells, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assay were carried out to examine the effects of silencing FBP1 on the proliferation and invasion of GBM cells. Aerobic glycolysis was measured by calculating the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of FBP1-silenced GBM cells. Furthermore, the protein levels of the mediators related to PI3K/AKT pathway and BCL2 protein family were detected via immunoblotting. Additionally, the effects of FBP1 silencing on the macrophage M2 polarization were assessed based on the fluorescence intensity of CD206 and the phosphorylation of STAT6 quantified by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting, respectively.

Results
High-expressed FBP1 was indicative of a worse prognosis of GBM. FBP1 knockdown in GBM cells suppressed the proliferation, invasion, migration, and aerobic glycolysis of GBM cells, lowered the phosphorylation levels of AKT and PI3K and the protein expression of BCL2 but promoted BAX protein expression. Moreover, FBP1 knockdown reduced CD206 fluorescence intensity and the phosphorylation of STAT6.

Conclusion
To conclude, FBP1 could be considered as a biomarker that affected the malignant phenotypes and aerobic glycolysis in GBM, contributing to the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
Agricultural Science Curriculum Content and Secondary School Leavers’ Job Performance in Agro-Based Industry in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Umoh Ukeme Ekpedeme , Dennis Eno John 
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the extent to which Agricultural Science Curriculum Content predicts Secondary School Leavers’ Job Performance in Agro-based Industry in Akwa Ibom State. Correlational research design was used for the study. The population of the study consisted of 532 Secondary School Leavers which was also used as the sample purposively because of the small size of Secondary School leavers in the thirty two registered Agro-Based Firms in three Senatorial Districts of Akwa Ibom State. Four research objectives and questions were raised while four null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Two research instruments were developed for data collection, tagged “Agricultural Science Curriculum Content Questionnaire (ASCCQ) and Secondary School Leavers’ Job Performance Questionnaire (SSLJPQ). The Agricultural Science Curriculum Content Questionnaire (ASCCQ) was divided into two parts: I and II. Part I collected demographic data, while part II collected data on curriculum content exposure. The secondary school leavers’ job performance Questionnaire had 20 items. The instruments were validated by experts and their reliability was ascertained using internal consistency method which yielded the reliability coefficient of 0.83 and 0.90 respectively. Data obtained were analyzed using mean to answer the research questions and simple linear regression to test the null hypotheses. The results showed that Agricultural Science curriculum content predicts secondary school leavers job performance in Agro-based Industry in Akwa Ibom State. Based on the findings, it has been concluded that Agricultural Science curriculum content can enhance the job performance of secondary school leavers in agro-based industry and the inclusion of these Agricultural content (crop cultivation content, livestock management content, feed formulation content and marketing content) in the Agricultural Science Curriculum will enhance job task of secondary school leavers. It is recommended, among others, that Agricultural Science should be made a core subject at the senior secondary school level, government should establish vocational centers for secondary school leavers’ who might not want to further their education and all secondary school should have school farms for plants and animals.
Design and Simulation of Aircraft Pitch Control Using Matrix Transformation Techniques
Authors: Kusuma Hikmat Oka , Kartini Unit Three , Suprianto Bambang , Firmansyah Rifqi , A. K Fandik , S. D. Nugroho , T. P. Aldo , Hanunnisa Nabila 
Published: January 2025

Aircraft pitch control is very important in take-off and stabilization. This critical criterion exists because the pitch can cause the aircraft to be in turbulence if the aircraft's pitch control is not calibrated correctly. However, controlling this parameter is not an easy task and challenging to be solved. This research aims to design a controller used on aircraft pitches control using the matrix transformation technique. The proposed technique makes it possible to obtain linear state feedback control in an explicit form with the desired eigenvalue. Furthermore, the proposed technique can improve response time, stability, and handling various flight conditions compared to conventional PID. The proposed technique uses transformation matrix T to find the feedback gain matrix K . The controller is used to find out the response value by several experiments with fixed setpoints, changed setpoints, and by adding load to the system. Based on the results with a fixed setpoint, the system response has 0.47 s time constant, and 0.39 s delay time. The simulations show the system response can follow the setpoint well without any overshoot.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Thomas Caroline Leigh , Lange Elizabeth M. S. , Banayan Jennifer M. , Zhu Yinhua , Liao Chuanhong , Peralta Feyce M. , Grobman William A. , Scavone Barbara M. , Toledo Paloma 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceGeneral anesthesia for cesarean delivery is associated with increased maternal morbidity, and Black and Hispanic pregnant patients have higher rates of general anesthesia use compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts. It is unknown whether risk factors and indications for general anesthesia differ among patients of differing race and ethnicity.ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in general anesthesia use for cesarean delivery and the indication for the general anesthetic by race and ethnicity.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study, electronic medical records for all 35 117 patients who underwent cesarean delivery at Northwestern Medicine’s Prentice Women’s Hospital from January 1, 2007, to March 2, 2018, were queried for maternal demographics, clinical characteristics, obstetric and anesthetic data, the indication for cesarean delivery, and the indication for general anesthesia when used. Data analysis occurred in August 2023.ExposureCesarean delivery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe rate of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery by race and ethnicity.ResultsOf the 35 117 patients (median age, 33 years [IQR, 30-36 years]) who underwent cesarean delivery, 1147 (3.3%) received general anesthesia; the rates of general anesthesia were 2.5% for Asian patients (61 of 2422), 5.0% for Black patients (194 of 3895), 3.7% for Hispanic patients (197 of 5305), 2.8% for non-Hispanic White patients (542 of 19 479), and 3.8% (153 of 4016) for all other groups (including those who declined to provide race and ethnicity information) (P &amp;lt; .001). A total of 19 933 pregnant patients (56.8%) were in labor at the time of their cesarean delivery. Of those, 16 363 (82.1%) had neuraxial labor analgesia in situ. Among those who had an epidural catheter in situ, there were no racial or ethnic differences in the rates of general anesthesia use vs neuraxial analgesia use (Asian patients, 34 of 503 [6.8%] vs 1289 of 15 860 [8.1%]; Black patients, 78 of 503 [15.5%] vs 1925 of 15 860 [12.1%]; Hispanic patients, 80 of 503 [15.9%] vs 2415 of 15 860 [15.2%]; non-Hispanic White patients, 255 of 503 [50.7%] vs 8285 of 15 860 [52.2%]; and patients of other race or ethnicity, 56 of 503 [11.1%] vs 1946 of 15 860 [12.3%]; P = .16). Indications for cesarean delivery and for general anesthesia were not different when stratified by race and ethnicity.Conclusions and RelevanceRacial disparities in rates of general anesthesia continue to exist; however, this study suggests that, for laboring patients who had labor epidural catheters in situ, no disparity by race or ethnicity existed. Future studies should address whether disparities in care that occur prior to neuraxial catheter placement are associated with higher rates of general anesthesia among patients from ethnic and racial minority groups.
Patient-Reported Financial Burden of Treatment for Colon or Rectal Cancer
Authors: Kircher Sheetal , Duan Fenghai , An Na , Gareen Ilanan F. , Sicks JoRean D. , Sadigh Gelareh , Suga Jennifer M. , Kehn Heather , Mehan Paul T. , Bajaj Rajesh , Hanson David S. , Dalia Samir M. , Acoba Jared D. , Yasar Demet Gokalp , Park Elyse R. , Wagner Lynne I. , Carlos Ruth C. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe longitudinal experience of patients is critical to the development of interventions to identify and reduce financial hardship.ObjectiveTo evaluate financial hardship over 12 months in patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing curative-intent therapy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, longitudinal cohort study was conducted between May 2018 and July 2020, with time points over 12 months. Participants included patients at National Cance Institute Community Oncology Research Program sites. Eligibility criteria included age at least 18 years, newly diagnosed stage I to III CRC, not started chemotherapy and/or radiation, treated with curative intent, and able to speak English. Data were analyzed from December 2022 through April 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was financial hardship, measured using the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST), which assesses the psychological domain of financial hardship (range, 0-44; higher score indicates better financial well-being). Participants completed 30-minute surveys (online or paper) at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsA total of 450 participants (mean [SD] age, 61.0 [12.0] years; 240 [53.3%] male) completed the baseline survey; 33 participants (7.3%) were Black and 379 participants (84.2%) were White, and 14 participants (3.1%) identified as Hispanic or Latino and 424 participants (94.2%) identified as neither Hispanic nor Latino. There were 192 participants (42.7%) with an annual household income of $60 000 or greater. There was an improvement in financial hardship from diagnosis to 12 months of 0.3 (95% CI, 0.2 to 0.3) points per month (P &amp;lt; .001). Patients with better quality of life and greater self-efficacy had less financial toxicity. Each 1-unit increase in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (rapid version) score was associated with an increase of 0.7 (95% CI, 0.5 to 0.9) points in COST score (P &amp;lt; .001); each 1-unit increase in self-efficacy associated with an increase of 0.6 (95% CI, 0.2 to 1.0) points in COST score (P = .006). Patients who lived in areas with lower neighborhood socioeconomic status had greater financial toxicity. Neighborhood deprivation index was associated with a decrease of 0.3 (95% CI, −0.5 to −0.1) points in COST score (P = .009).Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that interventions for financial toxicity in cancer care should focus on counseling to improve self-efficacy and mitigate financial worry and screening for these interventions should include patients at higher risk of financial burden.