bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership: An Alienating Social Myth?
Authors: Gemmill Gary , Oakley Judith 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As a result of deeply ingrained cultural assumptions, approaches to the study of leadership usually start with the idea that leaders are unquestionably necessary for the functioning of an organization. Belief in hierarchy and the necessity of leaders represents an unrecognized ideology which takes its power chiefly from the fact that it is an undiscussable aspect of reality based upon epistemological and ontological beliefs outside conscious awareness (Anthony 1977; Gemmill 1986; Neumann 1989). Campbell (1977) is quite accurate in pointing out that discussion of the purposes and problems for which leadership concepts and data are to be used is notably absent from studies in the field. Why is a leader really necessary? What problems or issues in an organization indicate a real need for a leader? Exactly what underlying existential needs or problems the concept of a leader is meant to address has not been clearly articulated.
History
Authors: Krawitz Roy , Jackson Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The term ‘borderline personality disorder’ was initially suggested in the 1930s by therapists as a means of identifying a group of clients who did not fit into the usual categorizations at the time. Back then, people-in-recovery were broadly categorized as either ‘neurotic’*, including what we now refer to as anxiety and depressive disorders, or ‘psychotic’*, including what we now refer to as bipolar disorder* and schizophrenia*. Therapists found that there was a group of clients who in many ways fitted into the ‘neurotic’ category except that they did not respond to the usual treatments at the time. The term ‘borderline’ referred to the belief at the time that this group of people were on the ‘border’ between neurotic and psychotic. While some people with BPD do have occasional psychotic or psychotic-like experiences, this definition of BPD being on the ‘border’ no longer applies; however, the term has become ingrained.
First contact with health professionals
Authors: Krawitz Roy , Jackson Wendy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In most cases a health professional such as your family doctor can refer you to a mental health professional or service. Finding out the required pathways to accessing mental health professionals and services can sometimes be tricky, so keep trying if you feel you need their help. Take a support person with you if you will find that helpful. Remember, clinicians are not mind readers and are not going to be able to guess your wishes. You will have to tell them. Do not be afraid to ask questions.
Competence Certification and the Reform of Vocational Education: A Comparison of the UK, France, and Germany
Authors: Bessy Christian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Lifelong learning is one of the main objectives towards which European education and training policy has been orientated since the early 1980s. Among the different means used to reach this objective, the EU encourages the development of new systems of competence certification in order to change education and training systems according to the ‘principle of equivalence’ of the different routes to ‘qualification’ throughout a person’s life. This leads to a conception of a system of competence certification that is based on a single nomenclature of certification levels in which the certification is defined by common criteria (or results) and independently of particular training programme or methods.
HRM, ethical irrationality, and the limits of ethical action
Authors: Watson Tony J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
‘I remember when I was a young personnel oﬃcer, a view that HR—the personnel function as it was then called—should be the conscience of the organization. I think I wrote an essay on this when I was studying for IPM [Institute of Personnel Management] grad[uate] membership. I wish I could find it for you. But then perhaps not! It might be embarrassing. I probably wrote to support the proposition. I was naïve in those early days, thinking that personnel was the “people” part of management and therefore had to take on the caring part of, you know, the management of the business.
Introduction: Direct Compositionality
Authors: Barker Chris , Jacobson Pauline 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The papers collected in this volume grew out of a workshop “Direct Compositionality: A Workshop” sponsored by NSF Grant BCS-0236462 and held in June 2003 at Brown University. In addition to the eleven papers published here, the workshop featured three additional papers: by Daniel Büring, Alexis Dimitriadis, and Danny Fox. Moreover, all of the contributors here plus the three mentioned above served as discussants for one of the other workshop papers. The quality of the discussant comments, the contribution of this aspect of the conference to the workshop, and the influence of the discussant comments on the final papers was quite extraordinary, and thus we would like to acknowledge the contributions of all of the conference participants. Space unfortunately precluded the inclusion of the specific discussant comments, but each paper has been revised in light of these comments. We would therefore like to thank everyone who attended the workshop, as well as NSF for their support.
Court Festivals: Their Form and Purpose
Authors: Anglo Sydney 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
London had excelled itself with the pageants for Katharine of Aragon’s entry: yet the series, despite its originality, unfortunately was developed no further. The subsequent major pageant series of the Early Tudor period-for the Emperor Charles V, for Anne Boleyn, for Edward VI, for Mary, for Philip and Mary, and for Elizabeth I-are, by comparison, disappointing in their lack of a complex theme and imagery, and in their diffuseness. They seem to have derived nothing from the example of 1501. At court, too, the marriage celebrations were sumptuous and original : but, unlike the pageant series, they proved prophetic of the future. And, as far as can be judged from the meagre evidence for the preceding years, both the tournament and the court disguisings show features which were entirely new in England.
1908 Table A And Form A
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1908 Table A provides the default articles of association for a company limited by shares2 registered from 1 April 19093 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland,4 to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland5 or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.6 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1908 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland, to 31 December 1932 in Northern Ireland or to 31 March 1964 in the Republic of Ireland.7 A model form of memorandum for a company limited by shares registered from 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929 in England and Wales or Scotland,8 was set out in the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, sch 3, Form A.9 From 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales and Scotland,10 on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, part 7 (ss 249–266), as a company limited by shares, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association, and 1908 Table A did not apply unless adopted by special resolution.11 From 1 April 1909 to 31 October 1929, in England and Wales and Scotland,12 the re-registration of a company under the Companies (Consolidation) Act 1908, s 57, as a company limited by shares, took place in the same manner and had the
1948 Table a, Part 1, and Table B
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1948 Table A, Part 1, provides the default articles of association2 for: a company limited by shares, which was not a private company as defined in the Companies Act 1948, s 28, registered from 1 July 19483 to 21 December 1980 (during that period the default articles for a private company were provided by 1948 Table A, Part 2); any company limited by shares (public or private) registered from 22 December 19804 to 30 June 1985.5 1948 Table A, Part 1, was also, apart from arts 24 and 53, incorporated in 1948 Table A, Part 2. In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1948 Table A, Part 1, could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 July 1948 to 30 June 1985.6 A model form of memorandum for a company limited by shares registered from 1 July 1948 to 30 June 1985 was set out in the Companies Act 1948, sch 1, Table B,7 or, for a public company limited by shares registered from 22 December 1980 to 30 June 1985, in the Companies Act 1980, sch 1, part 1.8
1862 Form B
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
1862 Form B provides the model memorandum and articles of association for a company limited by guarantee without a share capital2 registered from 2 November 18623 to 31 March 1909.4 In addition, all or any of the regulations contained in 1862 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 2 November 1862 to 30 September 1906, and all or any of the regulations contained in 1906 Table A could be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 October 1906 to 31 March 1909.5 In the United Kingdom, a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a private company, because only a limited company with a share capital can be a public company.6 In the Republic of Ireland, a company limited by guarantee without a share capital must be a public company, because only a company with a share capital can be a private company.7 From 2 November 1862 to 31 March 1909, on the registration of an existing non-Companies Acts company under the Companies Act 1862, part 7 (ss 179–198), as a company limited by guarantee without a share capital, its existing constitution was treated as its memorandum and articles of association,8 subject to the statutory requirement of being in accordance with 1862 Form B or as near thereto as circumstances admitted.9
1985 Table C
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The provisions of the Companies Act 2006 relating to registration of new companies come into force on 1 October 2009,5 but it is proposed that no companies will be registered under the 2006 Act until the following Monday, 5 October.6 Processing of applications for registration received before 1 October 2009 may continue on or after that day under the Companies Act 1985.7 A company which is registered on or after 1 October 2009 on an application received before that date is called a ‘transitional company’.8 1985 Table C will be the model memorandum and articles of association of a transitional company which is a company limited by guarantee without a share capital.9 It is expected that registration of transitional companies will be completed on or before 2 October 2009.10 All or any of the regulations contained in 1985 Table A can be adopted in the articles of association of any company registered from 1 July 1985 to 2 October 2009.11
2003 RTM England
Authors: French Derek 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
as from 30 September 2003.4 The memorandum and articles of an RTM company in relation to premises in England registered on or after 30 September 2003 must take the form, and include the provisions, set out in 2003 RTM England5 and are not required to be in accordance with 1985 Table C.6 Such a company may adopt provisions of 2003 RTM England for its memorandum or articles.7 Those provisions have effect for the company whether or not they are adopted by the company.8 Insofar as the memorandum and articles of an RTM company in relation to premises in England registered before 30 September 2003 do not include the provisions set out in 2003 RTM England, those provisions are treated as included in its memorandum and articles.9
Language Contact and Convergence in East Timor:The Case of Tetun Dili
Authors: Hajek John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tetun Dili (TD), an Austronesian language, is East Timor’s main lingua franca and the Wrst language of Dili, the nation’s capital.1 It has been heavily influenced by Portuguese (and to a lesser degree in the past by Malay). There has been since 1999 a resurgence in contact with Portuguese. Yet much remains to be understood about TD, in particular its origins, the extent to which its grammar has been influenced by other local languages, and the extent to which it has in turn influenced them. Tetun Dili is sometimes referred to as a creole (e.g. Ethnologue 351), or a pidgin (e.g. Hage`ge 2002), and for many the assumption is that it first developed as a result of contact with Portuguese. Closer inspection does not support such a position. Contact with Portuguese, albeit substantial, seems to be relatively recent, some time after the rise of Tetum as a lingua franca. Instead, comparison of TD with more conservative varieties of Tetum, as well as with neighbouring languages, in particular Mambae, shows evidence of marked areal influence. To address the issue of the competing sources of contact and the differences in their patterns of impact on TD, the focus of this chapter is on the following
Semantics and Pragmatics of Grammatical Relations in the vaupe´s Linguistic Area
Authors: Aikhenvald Alexandra Y 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The vaupe´s Basin in north-west Amazonia (spanning adjacent areas of Brazil and Colombia) is a well-established linguistic area. Its major feature is an obligatory societal multilingualism which follows the principle of linguistic exogamy: ‘those who speak the same language with us are our brothers, and we do not marry our sisters.’ Marrying someone who belongs to the same language group is considered akin to incest and referred to as ‘this is what dogs do’.1 Language aYliation is inherited from one’s father, and is a badge ofidentity for each person.
Living and coping with essential tremor
Authors: Plumb Dr Mark , Bain Dr Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Society makes very few allowances for individuals with shaking hands—hot and cold beverages are still served in delicate cups and saucers or glasses that are impossible to handle on formal occasions. Society does not recognize ET as a physical disability. As a consequence, shaking hands are often viewed with suspicion, as they are associated with alcoholism (delirium tremens), drug addiction, senility or simply ‘nervousness’ in the minds of those who are unaware of ET. In many cases, the suspicions are voiced—’Why are you so nervous?’ or ‘What are you nervous about?’ are fairly common questions. Of course this increases self-consciousness and makes the tremor worse. It would all be so much simpler and less awkward not to have to explain what ET is, and that sturdy mugs or glasses were available upon request without causing too much trouble or embarrassment.
Meaning—form correlations and adjective position in Spanish
Authors: Demonte Violeta 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter addresses the empirical generalization in (1), which raises puzzling questions about the putative correlation between meaning and syntax.(1) In Spanish, a language in which adjectives appear pre-and post nominally, there are systematic (although sometimes not easily describable) interpretive differences associated with the position of adjectives in the nominal domain.
Nonrestrictive modifiers in non-parenthetical positions
Authors: Morzycki Marcin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The systematic but often subtle semantic differences between prenominal and post nominal adjectives first noted by Bolinger (1967) in many respects remain poorly understood. There remains a similar murkiness surrounding some of the systematic but often subtle semantic differences between preverbal and post verbal adverbs, of the sort noted by Jackendoff (1972), Bellert (1977), Ernst (1984, 2002), and Cinque (1994), among many others. This chapter focuses on one difference of this sort that occurs in both these murky domains: for both adjectives and adverbs, nonrestrictive interpretations are possible without resort to parenthetical intonation only in pre-head positions.
Deconstructing categories: finiteness in a functional-typological perspective
Authors: Cristofaro Sonia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the notion of finiteness in a functional-typological perspective, with particular regard to the status of finiteness and nonfiniteness as cross-constructionally and cross-linguistically relevant categories. Finiteness and nonfiniteness, as de fined in functionally oriented theories of grammar, do not correspond to internally consistent classes. As the various properties that are taken as distinctive for finiteness and nonfiniteness do not always combine with the same properties from one construction to another, finiteness and nonfiniteness encompass a variety of entities that are similar with respect to some properties but differ with respect to other properties.
In what ways can finite and nonfinite clauses differ? Evidence from Russian
Authors: Perlmutter David M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In what ways can finite and nonfinite clauses differ in a given language? To what extent do different languages manifest different contrasts between finite and nonfinite clauses? This chapter addresses these questions with respect to Russian, which displays striking contrasts between clauses headed by an infinitive and clauses headed by a finite verb. I apply the labels ‘nonfinite’ and ‘infinitival’ to the former and ‘finite’ to the latter.1 Our first—descriptive—goal is to document two such contrasts between finite and nonfinite clauses in Russian. we describe two constructions—the Unspecified Human Subject (UHS) construction and the unspecified they construction—and show that they have opposite distributions.
What role for Euro-citizens?
Authors: Olsen Johan P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Since Maastricht, democratic issues have increasingly preoccupied citizens, politicians and academics. Democratic themes have become a more central part of the EU agenda and it is commonplace to assume the existence of a democratic deficit. A former president of the Commission, Romano Prodi, has even spoken of ‘the democratic malaise that the Union is suffering’ (Prodi 2001b: 3). It is observed that many citizens feel alienated from the Union, that the current disenchantment has to be counteracted, and that the Union has to be brought closer to its citizens (Commission 2001a, b; Prodi 2001b; Commission 2005). According to the Commission, the Union ‘will no longer be judged solely by its ability to remove barriers to trade or to complete an internal market; its legitimacy today depends on involvement and participation’ (Commission 2001a: 18).
The triumph of Orangism
Authors: Claydon Tony , Speck W A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
king of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and prince of Orange, was born in the Binnenh of Palace in The Hague on 14 November 1650 NS. He was the posthumous and only child of William II, prince of Orange (1626–1650), who had died from smallpox eight days before he was born, and of his consort, Mary (1631–1660), eldest daughter of Charles I and princess royal of England. He was baptized Willem Hendrik (William Henry) on 15 January 1651 NS.
Double-Loop Learning in a Classroom Setting
Authors: Argyris Chris 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I begin with some fundamental assumptions about how human beings strive to make sense of the context in which they are embedded. Next, I present some observations from cases written by participants in our session. Inferences are then made that begin to answer the questions raised at the outset. The concepts of single- and double-loop learning are introduced. A theory of action is presented that explains the problems described above.
Wilderness Experience in Education for Ecology
Authors: Reason Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
At least since the 1980s, and possibly long before that, humanity has been running an ecological deficit with the earth. The activities of humans are fast overwhelming the self-regulating capacity of the planet of which we are a part (see, for example, WWF 2004: 2–4). The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) reveals that approximately 60 per cent of the ecosystem services that support life on earth—such as fresh water, capture fisheries, air and water regulation, and the regulation of regional climate, natural hazards, and pests—are being degraded or used unsustainably and that this ‘could grow significantly worse in the next 50 years’.
Work Orientations and Managerial Practices An Experiential and Theoretical Learning Event
Authors: Watson Tony 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The set of events which are to be reported and reflected upon here were those experienced by undergraduate students taking a final-year module on work organization and management. The students attended a lecture and a seminar each week for twelve weeks. The seminars for two of the fifteen student groups were run by me and I gave the twelve lectures, these all being closely tied to the module textbook which I had developed and tested in modules with a variety of different types of student.
Introduction
Authors: Waterhouse Norman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The specialty of plastic surgery aims to restore form and function to damaged, diseased, or abnormal tissues. It has no boundaries—a plastic surgeon might operate on a crushed hand, a cancer on the face, and a birth defect of the bladder in the same day.
Plastic surgery techniques have been practised since antiquity. Our modern methods of reconstructing the nose are similar to those described in India, 3000 years ago. The establishment of plastic surgery as a formal discipline is, however, a recent development, stimulated by the injuries of modern warfare. The rifles used in the First World War fired low-velocity bullets that were sufficient to cause tissue damage, splinter bone, and tear away flesh, but unlike high-velocity bullets, would not cause the energy waves that result in instant death. As a result many young men survived the war with appalling facial injuries. Independently, surgeons in France (Morestin), England (Gillies), and Germany (Esser), began to develop techniques and procedures to reconstruct the face. These included methods of moving skin and tissue from one place to another and replacing and building up tissue where it had been lost or damaged. The repair and reconstruction of damaged tissue was also applied to limb injuries and burns.
Facelift surgery
Authors: Waterhouse Norman 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Facelift surgery is highly effective in reversing many features of the ageing face.
Heavy smokers are not suitable for facelift surgery.
To achieve a natural result, surgery to the eye and brow area may also be required.
The term ‘facelift’ is perhaps the most commonly used word associated with cosmetic surgery. It has entered the language to the degree that it is widely applied to describe restoration or rejuvenation of everything from buildings to institutions. Paradoxically, its meaning in cosmetic surgery is frequently poorly understood and used inappropriately.
Designing Process Studies
Authors: Van de Ven Andrew H 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
There is a growing interest in understanding processes of change and development in individuals, groups, organizations, and other social entities. Process studies are undertaken to examine research questions dealing with how things change and develop over time. Chapter 5 reviewed the philosophical assumptions underlying process research and how they differ from variance models. This chapter discusses some of the operational issues and decisions involved in designing process models to either develop or test a process theory.