bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The contribution of individual characteristics of <i>Anas</i> and <i>Aythya</i> individuals to their susceptibility to low‐pathogenic avian influenza viruses in the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Druzyaka O. R. , Druzyaka A. V. , Sobolev I. A. , Sharshov K. A. , Shtol D. A. , Shestopalov A. M. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. Analysis of the influence of species, sex, and age of genus Anas and Aythya individuals on their sensitivity to low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV) in the south of Western Siberia. Material and Methods. Infestation of ducks with the influenza virus was determined by cloacal swabs obtained from 5014 individuals of ducks belonging to the genus Anas and Aythya during the autumn migration period in the south of Western Siberia. Isolation of influenza A virus isolates was carried out according to standard WHO methods. The distribution of infected individuals was estimated with ꭓ2. Relative risk (RR) was used to estimate the risk of infection for each individual species. Results. Among the examined ducks, the distribution between species differed between infected and uninfected individuals. The common teal was under greater risk of being infected with the avian influenza virus. In this species, the sex of the individual influenced the probability of infestation both in young individuals and the whole age spectrum. Conclusions. Individual characteristics of wild dabbling and diving ducks (species, sex, age) affect their infestation with low‐pathogenic avian influenza virus during the autumn migration period in the south of Western Siberia.
Alpha diversity of lichenized and aphyllophoroid fungi in two 1ha forest plots in the Samursky National Park (Republic of Dagestan, Russia)
Authors: Ismailov A. B. , Volobuev S. V. , Ivanushenko Yu. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. The results of the inventory of species composition of epiphytic lichens and aphyllophoroid fungi on two 1 ha sample plots in lowland floodplain forests are presented. Such integrated studies of these groups of organisms are poorly known. Fungi, including lichenized fungi, are essential components of forest ecosystems. Data on their diversity and substrate distribution can provide important information on the condition and biological value of the forests studied. Material and Methods. The main method of the fieldwork was the "1‐ha method". For the alpha‐diversity study, two 1‐ha sample plots were established in well‐preserved forest areas: the first one in a site of mixed broad‐leaved forest with lianas, and the second one in communities dominated by Carpinus betulus and Quercus robur. The specimens were collected from all variety of woody substrate within plots in spring and autumn 2023. Results. We have revealed 89 species of lichens and 60 species of aphyllophoroid fungi. The lichen families Arthoniaceae, Lecanoraceae, Physciaceae, Ramalinaceae and Roccellaceae contain 47.2 % of all species. High proportion of lichens with Trentepohlia photobiont (29.2 %), significant number of Arthoniomycetes (Arthoniaceae, Lecanographaceae, Roccellaceae) and crustose lichens (75.3 %) have been noted. Among the aphyllophoroid fungi identified in the sample plots, 11 species are new to Dagestan, including three species (Antrodia leucaena, Coronicium gemmiferum, Steccherinum litschaueri) recorded for the Caucasus for the first time. Fourteen species are new to the Samursky National Park. Conclusion. The study of alpha diversity and substrate preferences of xylobionts revealed the richest and most specific phorophytes, as well as some ecological features of the surveyed plots. Most of the species were found on the bark and wood of Carpinus betulus, Populus alba and Quercus robur. The majority of species reported for the first time for the region have been recorded on these tree species. We expand the number of known species on Populus alba, on which only few species were previously known. High proportion of lichens with the Trentepohlia photobiont and the predominance of crustose species were revealed. In terms of basidiomata morphology, corticioid fungi dominated over polypores and clavarioids in general. The leading ecological and trophic group of aphyllophoroid fungi are saprotrophs. Revealed features indicate a significant contribution of the wood of the main forest‐forming tree species to the preservation of the species richness of myco ‐and lichen biota.
Cucumber mosaic virus among ornamental crops in the Russian Far East
Authors: Tolkach V. F. , Volkov Yu. G. , Kakareka N. N. , Aliev M. R. , Shchelkanov M. Yu. 
Published: January 2024

Aim. To summarise and analyse scientific data on Cucumber mosaic virus strains (CMV – Cucumber mosaic virus) (Martellivirales: Bromoviridae, Cucumovirus) isolated from ornamental plants in the Far East of the Russian Federation. Discussion. The paper describes the genome structure and tripartite organization of CMV virions. Strains of this virus isolated from ornamental cultures in the south of the Russian Far East are described: Garden balsam, Common snapdragon, Dahlias, Hybrid gladiolus, Hybrid delphinium, Cambria, Indian canna, Cattleya, Tiger lily, Garden petunia, Primula obconica, Moth orchids, Fatshedera from Lize Freres, Weeping fig, Common hollyhock, Purple coneflower. The physicochemical properties (i. e. point of thermal inactivation, period of preservation of infectivity at a temperature of 20 °C, maximum dilution of juice causing disease of healthy plants) and the symptoms of these strains on a wide range of species and varieties of indicator plants are systematised according to the Russian Collection of East Asian Viruses, functioning at the Laboratory of Virology of the Federal Scientific Center for East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Conclusions. The limiting factor in the development of floriculture is infectious diseases, among which viral infections (including CMV) are of the greatest importance, demonstrating a high strain diversity in the south of the Russian Far East. Thus, the study of the biological, physico‐chemical, immunochemical and molecular biological properties of CMV is an urgent task, as it opens up the possibility of studying isolates of this virus and classifying its strains taking into account individual characteristics and kinship relationships.
Silver-Assisted Hydrogen Evolution from Aluminum Oxidation in Saline Media
Authors: Buryakovskaya Olesya A. , Maslakov Konstantin I. , Borshchev Nikita O. , Ambaryan Grayr N. , Butyrin Aleksey V. , Vlaskin Mikhail S. 
Published: January 2024

Swarf of aluminum alloy with high corrosion resistance and ductility was successfully converted into fine hydroreactive powders via its ball milling with silver powder and either lithium chloride or gallium. The later substances significantly intensified particle size reduction, while silver formed ‘cathodic’ sites (Ag, Ag2Al) promoting Al corrosion in aqueous saline solutions with hydrogen generation. The diffraction patterns, microphotographs, and elemental analysis results demonstrated partial aluminum oxidation in the samples and their contamination with tungsten carbide from milling balls. Those effects were responsible for obtaining hydrogen yields lower than expected. For AlCl3 solution at 60 °C, Al–LiCl–Ag, Al–LiCl, Al–Ga–Ag, and Al–Ga composites delivered (84.6±0.2), (86.8±1.4), (80.2±0.5), and (76.7±0.7)% of the expected hydrogen respectively. Modification with Ag promoted Al oxidation thus providing higher hydrogen evolution rates. The samples with Ag were tested in CaCl2 solution as well, for which the reaction proceeded much slower. At a higher temperature (80 °C) after 3 h of experiment, the hydrogen yields for Al–LiCl–Ag and Al–Ga–Ag powders were (46.7±2.1) and (31.8±1.9)%. The tested Ag-modified composite powders were considered promising for hydrogen generation and had a potential for further improvement to provide higher performance.
Mycoviruses Increase the Attractiveness of Fusarium graminearum for Fungivores and Suppress Production of the Mycotoxins Deoxynivalenol
Authors: Schiwek Simon , Slonka Matthäus , Alhussein Mohammad , Knierim Dennis , Margaria Paolo , Rose Hanna , Richert-Pöggeler Katja R. , Rostás Michael , Karlovsky Petr 
Published: January 2024

RNA-viruses of the genera Ambivirus, Mitovirus, Sclerotimonavirus, and Partitivirus were found in a single isolate of Fusarium graminearum. The genomes of the mitovirus, sclerotimonavirus, and partitivirus were assigned to previously described viruses, whereas the ambivirus genome putatively represents a new species, named Fusarium graminearum ambivirus 1 (FgAV1). To investigate the effect of mycoviruses on the fungal phenotype, spontaneous loss of mycoviruses during meiosis and transmission of mycoviruses into a new strain by anastomosis were used to obtain isogenic F. graminearum strains with and without mycoviruses. Notable effects observed in mycovirus-harboring strains were (i) suppression of the synthesis of trichothecene mycotoxins and their precursor trichodiene, (ii) suppression of the synthesis of the defense compound aurofusarin, (iii) stimulation of the emission of 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol, and (iv) increased attractiveness of fungal mycelia for fungivorous collembolans. Increased attractiveness of mycovirus-infected filamentous fungi to animal predators opens new perspectives on the ecological implications of infection of fungi with viruses.
Stochastic Reconstruction of 3D Heterogeneous Microstructure Using a Column-Oriented Multiple-Point Statistics Program
Authors: Zuo Chen , Guo Chen , Dong Shi , Yang Longhai , Zhang Haoyue 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) microstructure reconstruction is a key approach to exploring the relationship between pore characteristics and physical properties. Viewing the training image as a prior model, multiple-point statistics (MPS) focus on reproducing spatial patterns in the simulation grid. However, it is challenging to efficiently generate 3D nonstationary models with varying microstructures. In this work, we propose column-oriented simulation (ColSIM) to achieve the stochastic reconstruction of 3D porous media. A heterogeneous system is understood as a spatially evolving process that consists of frequent transitions of small magnitude and abrupt changes of large magnitude. First, a training image selection step is suggested to find representative microstructures. Our program applies modified Hausdorff distance, t-distributed stochastic neighboring embedding, and spectral clustering to organize two-dimensional (2D) candidate images. The medoid of each group is applied to guide the following programs. Second, we introduce column-oriented searching into MPS. To save simulation time, a subset of conditioning points is checked to find desired instances. Our program suggests an early stopping strategy to address complex microstructures. Third, a contrastive loss term is designed to create 3D models from 2D slice. To automatically calibrate the volume fraction and simplify parameter specification, the computer consistently monitors the difference between the present model and the target. The performance of ColSIM is examined by 3D multiphase material modeling and 3D heterogeneous shale simulation. To achieve quantitative evaluation, we compute various statistical functions and physical descriptors on simulated realizations. The proposed ColSIM exhibits competitive performance in terms of calculation efficiency, microstructure reproduction, and spatial uncertainty.
Use of pharmacotherapy to improve weight loss in early non-responders to behavioral treatment
Authors: Tronieri Jena , Wadden Thomas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The original protocol was approved on December 19, 2018 during the funding application process (NIH/NIDDK 1K23DK116935). Two protocol amendments were made prior to the start of recruitment. First, the study medication was changed from liraglutide (the medication proposed in the original K23 funding application) to phentermine, and medication-specific sections of the protocol, including medication-related inclusion/exclusion criteria, were modified accordingly (IRB-approved May 13, 2019). The second amendment included the following minor changes (IRB-approved July 18, 2019): replacing cholecystokinin (CCK) with insulin in a neuropeptide hormone panel; adding a prespecified secondary analysis of changes in past-week VAS ratings of appetite, adding exploratory questionnaires (Philadelphia Mindfulness Questionnaire, Yale Food Addiction questionnaire, sleep hours/week); specifying that the electrocardiogram (ECG) would occur at screening and that the first BT session would start immediately after the baseline assessment visit; updating the portion size of the liquid test meal for males vs. females; and specifying that only randomized participants would complete a cardiometabolic and lipid panel at the randomization visit.
Three minor protocol amendments were made during the trial: 1) in order to reduce in-person contact in response to COVID-19, we allowed the ECG to take place any time prior to randomization (rather than only at screening) and specified that all lifestyle counseling sessions (not just make-up sessions) could be conducted remotely via videoconferencing or phone (IRB-approved July 27, 2020); 2) we replaced the term “nurse practitioner” with “research nurse” due to a change in the Center’s staff (IRB-approved April 13, 2021); and 3) we amended that HbA1c could be substituted for fasting blood glucose for the second, confirmatory assessment of diabetes at screening (IRB-approved May 14, 2021).
"Unveiling the Unquestionable Dominance of Multilocularity in Brassica Rapa var. Yellow Sarson: Pioneering Advancements in Brassica Crop Enhancement"
Authors: Bisht Charu , Prasad Birendra , Pant Usha , Verma S. K. , Gaur Amit Kumar , Gupta Shubham , Panwar Neha , Joshi Shivendra , Bisht Yashpal Singh , Prasad Himanshu , Deep Harsh 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson) is an essential oilseed crop where the multilocular ovary trait enhances yield potential. Elucidating the inheritance pattern of multilocularity will empower breeding efforts. This study aimed to dissect the genetics governing ovary locule number in yellow sarson using crosses between multilocular (Pant Pili Sarson 1, NDYS) and bilocular (Pant Girija, B9) lines. F1, F2 and backcross generations were developed and analyzed for segregation of locule number. Results revealed monogenic dominant inheritance of the multilocular trait. All F1 progeny exhibited multilocularity, indicating dominance. The F2 population displayed Mendelian 3:1 segregation of multilocular to bilocular phenotypes, confirming control by a single dominant locus. Backcrosses to multilocular parents produced all multilocular offspring, while crosses to bilocular parents exhibited 1:1 segregation, validating the model. These findings contrast with previous reports of recessive inheritance in Brassicaceae, likely reflecting differing genetic backgrounds. Nonetheless, the single dominant gene uncovered simplifies breeding efforts to enhance this beneficial high-yielding trait. By elucidating the genetics underlying multilocularity in yellow sarson, this work empowers breeding programs seeking to improve yield through enhancement of the multilocular ovary trait
Regulation of neuronal circHomer1 biogenesis by PKA/CREB/ERK-mediated pathways and effects of glutamate and dopamine receptor blockade.
Authors: Mellios Nikolaos , Papageorgiou Grigorios , Gorgievski Victor , Maxson Gabriella , Hernandez Megan , Otero Madison , Varangis Michael , Dell'Orco Michela , Perrone-Bizzozero Nora , Tzavara Eleni 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

There are currently only very few efficacious drug treatments for SCZ and BD, none of which can significantly ameliorate cognitive symptoms. Thus, further research is needed in elucidating molecular pathways linked to cognitive function and antipsychotic treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are stable brain-enriched non-coding RNAs, derived from the covalent back-splicing of precursor mRNA molecules. CircHomer1 is a neuronal-enriched, activity-dependent circRNA, derived from the precursor of the long HOMER1B mRNA isoform, which is significantly downregulated in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with psychosis and is able to regulate cognitive function. Even though its relevance to psychiatric disorders and its role in brain function and synaptic plasticity have been well established, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie circHomer1 biogenesis in response to neuronal activity and psychiatric drug treatment. Here we suggest that the RNA-binding protein (RBP) FUS positively regulates neuronal circHomer1 expression. Furthermore, we show that the MEK/ERK and PKA/CREB pathways positively regulate neuronal circHomer1 expression, as well as promote the transcription of Fus and Eif4a3, another RBP previously shown to activate circHomer1 biogenesis. We then demonstrate via both in vitro and in vivo studies that NMDA and mGluR5 receptors are upstream modulators of circHomer1 expression. Lastly, we report that in vivo D2R antagonism increases circHomer1 expression, whereas 5HT2AR blockade reduces circHomer1 levels in multiple brain regions. Taken together, this study allows us to gain novel insights into the molecular circuits that underlie the biogenesis of a psychiatric disease-associated circRNA.
Increased expression of ER stress, inflammasome activation, and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in major depressive disorder
Authors: Munshi Soumyabrata , Alarbi Ahlam M. , Zheng Haixia , Kuplicki Rayus , Burrows Kaiping , Figueroa-Hall Leandra K. , Victor Teresa A. , Aupperle Robin L. , Khalsa Sahib S. , Paulus Martin P. , Teague T. Kent , Savitz Jonathan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

A subset of major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by immune system dysfunction, but the intracellular origin of these immune changes remains unclear. Here we tested the hypothesis that abnormalities in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammasome activity and mitochondrial biogenesis contribute to the development of systemic inflammation in MDD. RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of key organellar genes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 186 MDD and 67 healthy control (HC) subjects. The comparative CT (2−ΔΔCT) method was applied to quantify mRNA expression using GAPDH as the reference gene. After controlling for age, sex, BMI, and medication status using linear regression models, expression of the inflammasome (NLRC4 and NLRP3) and the ER stress (XBP1u, XBP1s, and ATF4) genes was found to be significantly increased in the MDD versus the HC group. After excluding outliers, expression of the inflammasome genes was no longer statistically significant but expression of the ER stress genes (XBP1u, XBP1s, and ATF4) and the mitochondrial biogenesis gene, MFN2, was significantly increased in the MDD group. ASC and MFN2 were positively correlated with serum C-reactive protein concentrations. The altered expression of inflammasome activation, ER stress, and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway components suggest that dysfunction of these organelles may play a role in the pathogenesis of MDD.
Brillouin laser-driven terahertz oscillator up to 3 THz with femtosecond jitter
Authors: Heffernan Brendan , Greenberg James , Hori Takashi , Tanigawa Tatsuya , Rolland Antoine 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The terahertz (THz) frequency range, spanning 0.1 to 10 THz, is a field ripe for innovation with vast, developing potential in areas like wireless communication and molecular spectroscopy. Our work introduces a dual-wavelength laser design that utilizes stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fiber cavity to effectively generate two highly coherent optical Stokes waves with differential phase noise inherently mitigated. To guarantee robust operation, the Stokes waves are optically injected into their respective pump lasers, which also serves to greatly improve the resulting coherence. The frequency difference between the two wavelengths is converted into THz waves through a uni-traveling-carrier photodiode. This innovative design facilitates the generation of THz waves with phase noise levels of less than -100 dBc/Hz, translating to timing noise below 10 attoseconds/sqrt(Hz) at 10 kHz Fourier frequency, over a carrier frequency range from 300 GHz to 3 THz. This development in phase noise reduction establishes a new benchmark in the spectral purity of tunable THz sources. Such advances are pivotal for applications to move beyond oscillator constraints.
Catalyst-free selective oxidation of C(sp3)-H bonds in toluene on-water
Authors: Choi Siyoung , Lee Kyoungmun , Choi Yumi , Kim Jin Chul , Choi Chiyoung , Kim Jiwon , Lee Jae Kyoo , Li Sheng , Kwak Sang Kyu 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

The anisotropic water interfaces provide a unique environment to drive various chemical reactions not seen in bulk solutions. However, catalytic reactions by the aqueous interfaces are still in their infancy, with the emphasis being on the reaction rate acceleration on-water. Here, we report that the oil-water interface activates and oxidizes C(sp3)-H bonds in toluene, yielding benzaldehyde with high selectivity (> 99%) and conversion (> 99%) under mild, catalyst-free conditions. Collision at the interface between oil-dissolved toluene and hydroxyl radicals spontaneously generated near the water side interfaces is responsible for the unexpectedly high selectivity. Protrusion of free OH groups from interfacial water destabilizes the transition state of the OH-addition by forming π-hydrogen bonds with toluene, while the H-abstraction remains unchanged to effectively activate C(sp3)-H bonds. Moreover, the exposed free OH groups form hydrogen bonds with the produced benzaldehyde, suppressing it from being overoxidized. Our investigation shows that the oil-water interface has considerable promise for chemoselective redox reactions on-water without any catalysts.
Abnormal brain activation patterns during speech perception and production in children and adults with reading disability
Authors: CAO FAN , FU YANG , YAN Xiaohui , MAO Jiaqi , Su Haibin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Reading disability (RD) is associated with phonological deficits; however, it remains unknown how the phonological deficits change with age as reflected in foreign speech perception and production. In the current study, we compared brain activation during Spanish speech perception and production in native Chinese children and adults with or without RD using fNIRS. Our findings revealed greater similarity to a native Spanish speaker in vowels’ frequency formants in typical controls than in individuals with RD, and in children than in adults. In the brain, we found reduced developmental differences in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in individuals with RD than in controls during Spanish speech perception, suggesting slowed development in these regions. Furthermore, using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), we found that activation patterns in the left MTG, premotor, supplementary motor area (SMA), and IFG could serve as reliable markers of RD. We provide behavioral and neurological evidence for the developmental differences in impaired speech perception and production in RD readers which can serve as markers of RD.