bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOĞA BİLİMLERİNDEN SOSYAL BİLİMLERE: ÖRGÜTSEL ENTROPİ
Authors: DEMİREL Hatice Gökçe 
Published: October 2023

Termodinamik yasaları doğa bilimlerinin en temel ve sarsılmaz yasalarıdır. Sosyal sistemler de doğa sistemleri gibi termodinamiğin ikinci yasası olan entropiye maruz kalmaktadır. Entropi, doğa bilimlerinde kendiliğinden gerçekleşen şeylerin evrendeki düzensizliği artırdığını ifade etmektedir. Sosyal bilimlerde ise genellikle bir amaç etrafında, bilinçli oluşturulmuş yapılar ve bu yapılar arasında enerji ve bilgi akışını kolaylaştıran süreçlerle entropiye karşı koyabilen mekanizmalar oluşturabilirler.
Örgütler insanlara amaçla bir yön vererek, enerjilerini ve zamanlarını üretime dönüştürerek, ön görülebilir davranış örüntüleriyle belirsizliği azaltarak bir düzen oluştururlar. Ancak örgütler de tüm sistemler gibi entropiden kaçamazlar.
Araştırmanın amacı örgütlerde düzeni oluşturan unsurlar (amaç, yapı, iletişim-etkileşim-bilgi) üzerinden entropiyi artıran ve azaltan durumları örgütsel düzeyde tespit etmektir. Kavramsal düzeyde yapılmış bu araştırmada, örgütlerin entropisini artıran ve azaltan unsurlara ilişkin tümevarımsal hipotezler ileri sürülmüştür. Örgüt amaçlarının parçası olduğu üst sistemin amaçları ve alt sistemi olan çalışanların kişisel amaçlarının örtüşmemesi, resmileştirme, merkezileşme derecesi, hiyerarşik rol basamakların artması entropiyi artırmaktadır. Uzmanlaşma, standardizasyon, sistem içinde birbiriyle ilişkili yapıların etkileşiminden ve çevreyle etkileşiminden sağlıklı bilgi üretebilen ve bu bilgiyi yayabilen örgütlerin entropisi azalmaktadır. Örgütlerin entropisine ilişkin bu hipotezlerin makro analiz düzeyinde öngörülebilir sonuçlar üretme kapasitesi yüksektir. Ancak analiz düzeyi küçüldükçe örgütlerin karmaşıklık düzeyi arttığından deterministik kaos kuramları çerçevesinde sonuçlar farklılık gösterebilir.
PM10 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: effects on corneal epithelium
Authors: Somayajulu Mallika , McClellan Sharon A. , Muhammed Farooq , Wright Robert , Hazlett Linda D. 
Published: October 2023

PurposeIn vivo data indicate that mouse corneas exposed to PM10 showed early perforation and thinning after infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. To understand the mechanisms underlying this finding, we tested the effects of PM10 and the mitochondria targeted anti-oxidant SKQ1 in immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCET) that were challenged with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 19660.MethodsMouse corneas were infected with strain 19660 after a 2 week whole-body exposure to PM10 or control air and assessed by clinical scores, slit lamp photography and western blot. HCET were exposed to 100μg/ml PM10 for 24h before challenge with strain 19660 (MOI 20). A subset of cells were pre-treated with 50nM SKQ1 for 1h before PM10 exposure. Phase contrast microscopy was used to study cell morphology, cell viability was measured by an MTT assay, and ROS by DCFH-DA. Levels of pro-inflammatory markers and anti-oxidant enzymes were evaluated by RT-PCR, western blot and ELISA. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated by assay kits.ResultsIn vivo, whole body exposure to PM10 vs. control air exposed mouse corneas showed early perforation and/or corneal thinning at 3 days post infection, accompanied by increased TNF-α and decreased SOD2 protein levels. In vitro, PM10 induced a dose dependent reduction in cell viability of HCET and significantly increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to control. Exposure to PM10 before bacterial challenge further amplified the reduction in cell viability and GSH levels. Furthermore, PM10 exposure also exacerbated the increase in MDA and ROS levels and phase contrast microscopy revealed more rounded cells after strain 19660 challenge. PM10 exposure also further increased the mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, while anti-inflammatory IL-10 was decreased. SKQ1 reversed the rounded cell morphology observed by phase contrast microscopy, increased levels of MDA, ROS and pro-inflammatory molecules, and restored IL-10.ConclusionsPM10 induces decreased cell viability, oxidative stress and inflammation in HCET and has an additive effect upon bacterial challenge. SKQ1 protects against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by PM10 after bacterial challenge by reversing these effects. The findings provide insight into mechanisms underlying early perforation and thinning observed in infected corneas of PM10 exposed mice.
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of thyroid cancers identify DICER1 somatic mutations in adult follicular-patterned RAS-like tumors
Authors: Minna Emanuela , Devecchi Andrea , Pistore Federico , Paolini Biagio , Mauro Giuseppe , Penso Donata Alda , Pagliardini Sonia , Busico Adele , Pruneri Giancarlo , De Cecco Loris , Borrello Maria Grazia , Sensi Marialuisa , Greco Angela 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer (TC). Several genomic and transcriptomic studies explored the molecular landscape of follicular cell-derived TCs, and BRAFV600E, RAS mutations, and gene fusions are well-established drivers. DICER1 mutations were described in specific sets of TC patients but represent a rare event in adult TC patients.MethodsHere, we report the molecular characterization of 30 retrospective follicular cell-derived thyroid tumors, comprising PTCs (90%) and poorly differentiated TCs (10%), collected at our Institute. We performed DNA whole-exome sequencing using patient-matched control for somatic mutation calling, and targeted RNA-seq for gene fusion detection. Transcriptional profiles established in the same cohort by microarray were investigated using three signaling-related gene signatures derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).ResultsThe occurrence of BRAFV600E (44%), RAS mutations (13%), and gene fusions (13%) was confirmed in our cohort. In addition, in two patients lacking known drivers, mutations of the DICER1 gene (p.D1709N and p.D1810V) were identified. DICER1 mutations occur in two adult patients with follicular-pattern lesions, and in one of them a second concurrent DICER1 mutation (p.R459*) is also observed. Additional putative drivers include ROS1 gene (p.P2130A mutation), identified in a patient with a rare solid-trabecular subtype of PTC. Transcriptomics indicates that DICER1 tumors are RAS-like, whereas the ROS1-mutated tumor displays a borderline RAS-/BRAF-like subtype. We also provide an overview of DICER1 and ROS1 mutations in thyroid lesions by investigating the COSMIC database.ConclusionEven though small, our series recapitulates the genetic background of PTC. Furthermore, we identified DICER1 mutations, one of which is previously unreported in thyroid lesions. For these less common alterations and for patients with unknown drivers, we provide signaling information applying TCGA-derived classification.
Construction of an m6A- and neutrophil extracellular traps-related lncRNA model to predict hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and immune landscape
Authors: Zhan Tian , Wang Wei , Guan Xiao , Bao Wei , Lu Na , Zhang Jianping 
Published: October 2023

PurposeTo investigate the impact of N6-methyladenosine- (m6A) and neutrophil extracellular traps- (NETs) related lncRNAs (MNlncRNAs) on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe collected m6A and NETs-related genes from published studies. We identified the MNlncRNAs by correlation analysis. Cox regression and the least absolute selection operator (LASSO) method were used to select predictive MNlncRNAs. The expressions of predictive MNlncRNAs were detected by cell and tissue experiments. Survival, medication sensitivity, and immunological microenvironment evaluations were used to assess the model’s prognostic utility. Finally, we performed cellular experiments to further validate the model’s prognostic reliability.ResultsWe obtained a total of 209 MNlncRNAs. 7 MNlncRNAs comprised the prognostic model, which successfully stratifies HCC patients, with the area under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.7 to 0.8. In vitro tests confirmed that higher risk patients had worse prognosis. Risk score, immunological microenvironment, and immune checkpoint gene expression were all significantly correlated with each other in HCC. In the group at high risk, immunotherapy could be more successful. Cellular assays confirmed that HCC cells with high risk scores have a higher proliferation and invasive capacity.ConclusionThe MNlncRNAs-related prognostic model aided in determining HCC prognosis, revealing novel therapeutic options, notably immunotherapy.
Substantial heterogeneity of inflammatory cytokine production and its inhibition by a triple cocktail of toll-like receptor blockers in early sepsis
Authors: Buys Willem , Bick Alexandra , Madel Rabea J. , Westendorf Astrid M. , Buer Jan , Herbstreit Frank , Kirschning Carsten J. , Peters Jürgen 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEarly sepsis is a life-threatening immune dysregulation believed to feature a “cytokine storm” due to activation of pattern recognition receptors by pathogen and danger associated molecular patterns. However, treatments with single toll-like receptor (TLR) blockers have shown no clinical benefit. We speculated that sepsis patients at the time of diagnosis are heterogeneous in relation to their cytokine production and its potential inhibition by a triple cocktail of TLR blockers. Accordingly, we analyzed inflammatory cytokine production in whole blood assays from early sepsis patients and determined the effects of triple TLR-blockade.MethodsWhole blood of 51 intensive care patients sampled within 24h of meeting Sepsis-3 criteria was incubated for 6h without or with specific TLR2, 4, and 7/8 stimuli or suspensions of heat-killed S. aureus or E. coli bacteria as pan-TLR challenges, and also with a combination of monoclonal antibodies against TLR2 and 4 and chloroquine (endosomal TLR inhibition), subsequent to dose optimization. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α and IL-1β were measured (multiplex ELISA) before and after incubation. Samples from 11 sex and age-matched healthy volunteers served as controls and for dose-finding studies.ResultsOnly a fraction of sepsis patient samples revealed ongoing cytokine production ex vivo despite sampling within 24 h of first meeting Sepsis-3 criteria. In dose finding studies, inhibition of TLR2, 4 and endosomal TLRs reliably suppressed cytokine production to specific TLR agonists and added bacteria. However, inflammatory cytokine production ex vivo was only suppressed in the high cytokine producing samples but not in the majority. The suppressive response to TLR-blockade correlated both with intraassay inflammatory cytokine production (r=0.29–0.68; p&lt;0.0001–0.04) and cytokine baseline concentrations (r=0.55; p&lt;0.0001).DiscussionUpon meeting Sepsis-3 criteria for less than 24 h, a mere quarter of patient samples exhibits a strong inflammatory phenotype, as characterized by increased baseline inflammatory cytokine concentrations and a stark TLR-dependent increase upon further ex vivo incubation. Thus, early sepsis patient cohorts as defined by Sepsis-3 criteria are very heterogeneous in regard to inflammation. Accordingly, proper ex vivo assays may be useful in septic individuals before embarking on immunomodulatory treatments.
Plankton community structure in response to hydrothermal iron inputs along the Tonga-Kermadec arc
Authors: Mériguet Zoé , Vilain Marion , Baudena Alberto , Tilliette Chloé , Habasque Jérémie , Lebourges-Dhaussy Anne , Bhairy Nagib , Guieu Cécile , Bonnet Sophie , Lombard Fabien 
Published: October 2023

The Western Tropical South Pacific (WTSP) basin has been identified as a hotspot of atmospheric dinitrogen fixation due to the high dissolved iron ([DFe]) concentrations (up to 66 nM) in the photic layer linked with the release of shallow hydrothermal fluids along the Tonga-Kermadec arc. Yet, the effect of such hydrothermal fluids in structuring the plankton community remains poorly studied. During the TONGA cruise (November-December 2019), we collected micro- (20-200 μm) and meso-plankton (&gt;200 μm) samples in the photic layer (0-200 m) along a west to east zonal transect crossing the Tonga volcanic arc, in particular two volcanoes associated with shallow hydrothermal vents (&lt; 500 m) in the Lau Basin, and both sides of the arc represented by Melanesian waters and the South Pacific Gyre. Samples were analyzed by quantitative imaging (FlowCam and ZooScan) and then coupled with acoustic observations, allowing us to study the potential transfer of phytoplankton blooms to higher planktonic trophic levels. We show that micro- and meso-plankton exhibit high abundances and biomasses in the Lau Basin and, to some extent, in Melanesian waters, suggesting that shallow hydrothermal inputs sustain the planktonic food web, creating productive waters in this otherwise oligotrophic region. In terms of planktonic community structure, we identified major changes with high [DFe] inputs, promoting the development of a low diversity planktonic community dominated by diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Furthermore, in order to quantify the effect of the shallow hydrothermal vents on chlorophyll a concentrations, we used Lagrangian dispersal models. We show that chlorophyll a concentrations were significantly higher inside the Lagrangian plume, which came into contact with the two hydrothermal sites, confirming the profound impact of shallow hydrothermal vents on plankton production.
The effect of acute exercise on objectively measured sleep and cognition in older adults
Authors: Sewell Kelsey R. , Smith Nathan D. W. , Rainey-Smith Stephanie R. , Peiffer Jeremiah , Sohrabi Hamid R. , Erickson Kirk I. , Brown Belinda M. 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundExercise can improve cognition in aging, however it is unclear how exercise influences cognition, and sleep may partially explain this association. The current study aimed to investigate whether objectively measured sleep mediates the effect of an acute exercise intervention on cognition in older adults.MethodsParticipants were 30 cognitively unimpaired, physically active older adults (69.2 ± 4.3 years) with poor sleep (determined via self-report). After a triple baseline cognitive assessment to account for any natural fluctuation in cognitive performance, participants completed either a single bout of 20-minutes of high intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer, or a control condition, in a cross-over trial design. Cognition was measured immediately post-intervention and the following day, and sleep (total sleep time, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, % of rapid eye movement sleep, light sleep and deep sleep) was characterized using WatchPAT™ at baseline (5 nights) and measured for one night after both exercise and control conditions.ResultsResults showed no effect of the exercise intervention on cognition immediately post-intervention, nor an effect of acute exercise on any sleep variable. There was no mediating effect of sleep on associations between exercise and cognition. However, a change from baseline to post-intervention in light sleep and deep sleep did predict change in episodic memory at the ~24 h post-intervention cognitive assessment, regardless of intervention condition.DiscussionThere was no effect of acute high intensity exercise on sleep or cognition in the current study. However, results suggest that associations between sleep and cognition may exist independently of exercise in our sample. Further research is required, and such studies may aid in informing the most effective lifestyle interventions for cognitive health.
Synthesis of LaXO3 (X = Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni) Thin Films Using a Simple Spin Coating Set-Up for Resistive Switching Memory Devices
Authors: Aljurays Raghad K. , Loucif Aicha , Albadri Abdulrahman M. 
Published: October 2023

This study focuses on the preparation of LaXO3(X=Fe,Mn,Cr,Ni) perovskite thin films using a simple set-up spin coating technique and the evaluation of their properties for application in switching memory devices. The properties of as-deposited films were thoroughly characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results obtained revealed that the as-deposited films have a polycrystalline cubic structure. The film surfaces were uniform and densely packed without any voids, cracks, or pinholes. In addition, irregularly shaped grains were observed having an average size of 140, 120, 89, and 70 nm for LaFeO3, LaMnO3, LaCrO3, and LaNiO3 films, respectively. VSM analysis demonstrated that LaFeO3 film exhibited superior magnetic properties compared to the other films. Furthermore, memory devices with Au/LaXO3(X=Fe,Mn,Cr,Ni)/FTO structures were fabricated, and their I-V characteristics were measured. In order to assess their performance, an endurance test was conducted. The findings indicated that Au/LaFeO3/FTO device exhibited higher RHRSRLRS ratio (~7×105), low Set/Reset voltages, lower power consumption (2.7×10−4 W), and stable endurance with no significant degradation was observed in the LRS and HRS after 20 sweep cycles. These favorable parameters can be attributed to the reduced thickness, larger grain size, and excellent magnetic properties of the active-layer LaFeO3. Moreover, the conduction mechanism of the fabricated devices was investigated, revealing that the conduction in the LRS is primarily dominated by Ohmic behavior, while the HRS exhibited different conduction mechanisms.
Antibacterial and Antimycotic Activity of Epilobium angustifolium L. Extracts: A Review
Authors: Dreger Mariola , Adamczak Artur , Foksowicz-Flaczyk Joanna 
Published: October 2023

The aim of this work was to provide an overview of available information on the antibacterial and antifungal properties of Epilobium angustifolium extracts. A literature search of Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and June 2023 was undertaken. A total of 23 studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. Significant variation of antimicrobial activity depending on the tested species and strains, type of extract solvent, or plant organs utilized for the extract preparation was found. E. angustifolium extracts were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and showed antimycotic effects against the fungi of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton tonsurans and the dermatophytes Arthroderma spp. Greater susceptibility of Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria to fireweed extracts was found. A strong antibacterial effect was recorded for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii including multi-drug resistant strains. E. angustifolium extract might find practical application as an antimicrobial in wound healing, components of cosmetic products for human and animals, or as food preservatives.
Violencia de género en el contexto universitario: revisión sistemática
Authors: Ramis Bravo María Elena , Castillo Gil Cecilia Isabel 
Published: October 2023

La violencia de género es un problema social que ostenta presencia en todos los contextos, incluso en el espacio universitario, y su erradicación aún representa un reto para estas instituciones. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las manifestaciones de la violencia de género en la universidad, consecuencias e intervenciones para prevenir este problema. Se efectúo una revisión sistemática aplicando el método prisma, se consultaron bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc y otras, se revisó 50 artículos, de estos se eligieron 23, estableciendo como criterios de inclusión que estuvieran enfocados en el ámbito universitario, con una antigüedad de 7 años de publicación, considerándose estudios cuantitativos y cualitativos. Se concluye que la violencia de género en la Universidad presenta manifestaciones particulares; las consecuencias se presentan a nivel psicológico, físico y académico; a nivel mundial las universidades se encuentran realizando acciones de prevención.
PERANAN PENGAWASAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ANGGARAN PADA DINAS PPKAD KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Kurniawan Sarototonafo Zai  , Cardinal Pranatal Mendrofa Cardinal Pranatal Mendrofa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This research is intended to find out how the role of financial management oversight is on the effectiveness of budget use at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli so that what was previously planned can be achieved properly. This study uses the method of reviewing the literature. In this study the sampling technique is to use a saturated sample, namely where the entire population is used as a sample. So that the samples in this study were all Civil Servants of the PPKAD Service in Gunungsitoli City, totaling 41 people. The role of supervising financial management is very useful in the process of using the budget as is the case with the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli where the implementation of the function and role of supervision on management effectiveness, especially in the financial sector, has been well implemented. Management of the budget (financial) at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli starting from the preparation of the budget to the monitoring objectives has been carried out properly; and Information on management oversight of financial management on the effectiveness of budget use at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli has been carried out well and this has become a benchmark for the development of its tasks/activities in the future.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dimaksud untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan terhadap efektivitas penggunaan anggaran pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli sehingga apa yang direncanakan sebelumnya dapat tercapai dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengkajian terhadap literatur. Dalam penelitian ini teknik penarikan sampel yaitu menggunakan sampel jenuh yaitu dimana semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Sehingga yang menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli yang berjumlah 41 orang. Peranan pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan sangat berguna di dalam proses penggunaan anggaran seperti halnya pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli dimana penerapan fungsi dan peranan pengawasan terhadap efektivitas pengelolaan khususnya dibidang keuangan telah terlaksana dengan baik. Pengelolaan anggaran (keuangan) pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli mulai dari penyusunan anggaran hingga tujuan pengawasannya telah terlaksana dengan baik; dan Informasi manajemen pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan terhadap efektivitas penggunaan anggaran pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli terlaksana dengan baik dan ini menjadi tolok ukur pengembangan tugas-tugas/aktivitasnya dimasa mendatang.
Non-equilibrium aerodynamics between ionization-wave and shock-wave fronts in millimetre-wave supported detonation
Authors: Tabata Kuniyoshi , Oda Yasuhisa , Komurasaki Kimiya , Manabe Ayuto , Kawashima Rei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A shock wave driven by discharge plasma propagating in a high-power millimetre-wave beam was investigated both experimentally and numerically. A shadowgraph experiment was used to visualize the shock wave and plasma. The ionization wave front of the plasma preceded the shock wave by 2.0–4.0 mm under conditions of 170 GHz beam frequency, atmospheric pressure, and 1.1 GW m−2 peak power density (power density at the beam axis). Furthermore, a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation considering non-equilibrium temperatures and filamentary plasma structures revealed that an ionization-wave front precedes a shock wave front because the energy relaxation requires a few micro-seconds from vibrational excitation at a plasma front to translational excitation for the shock wave formation. Consequently, the distance between an ionization wave front and shock wave front is 3.8 mm in the two-dimensional CFD simulation, which agreed with the experimental results.