bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing the seed production efficiency of autumn potato with plant growth regulators
Authors: Singh Amanpreet , Aulakh C S , Sidhu A S 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigher productivity of seed‐size tubers is a significant issue in seed potato (Solanum tuberosum) production systems. Punjab, in northwest India, is the hub of seed potato production and supplies 60% seed requirement of the country. However, to improve the productivity of seed‐size (3.5–4.5 cm) tubers, research trials were run at Ludhiana for 2 years (autumn 2019 and 2020) to examine the effectiveness of plant growth regulators in enhancing the growth and yield of seed potatoes. The experimental trial with 11 growth regulation treatments—control (water spray), IBA (indole‐3‐butyric acid) (100 mg/L), IBA (200 mg/L), NAA (1‐naphthaleneacetic acid) (25 mg/L), NAA (50 mg/L), ethrel (25 mg/L), ethrel (50 mg/L), GA3 (gibberellic acid) (100 mg/L), GA3 (200 mg/L), jeevamrit, and waste decomposer—was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. GA3 (200 mg/L) applied at 45 and 60 days after sowing, resulted in significantly higher seed and total tuber yields than all other growth regulation treatments. It produced 34.9% and 31.5% higher total tuber yields as compared to the untreated control. However, it had no significant impact on undersized and small‐sized tuber yield and number. GA3 at a concentration of 200 mg/L yielded the highest seed production efficiency of 51.7% and 38.9% compared to the control. This underscores the significance of precise application concentrations in controlling both seed yield and size.
The drivers of cooperation for innovation and the role of environmental orientation
Authors: Peiró‐Signes Ángel , Díez‐Martínez Inés , Segarra‐Oña Marival 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFirm innovation is a complex and multidimensional process that is affected by internal and external factors. Companies and governments have traditionally tried to promote in‐house innovation by promoting research and development investment. In an economy characterized by a large percentage of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises and continuous change toward digital and green transition, many companies struggle to innovate because of their lack of resources, knowledge, or capabilities. In this context, the external links and networks that materialize through active engagement in innovation activities with market and institutional agents are key, and analyzing cooperation for innovation is essential to obtain an overview to promote innovation. This study contributes to the understanding of (1) the drivers in innovative companies that lead to cooperation with external agents for innovation; (2) the relative importance of these drivers for cooperation; (3) the extent to which the eco‐innovation orientation of a company affects its engagement in collaborations with other stakeholders; and (4) an understanding of the differences in the cooperation drivers according to the type of collaborator (institutional, market, or both). Using data from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel and machine‐learning techniques, we confirm the importance of internal and external factors, namely public financing, the environmental and social orientation of innovation, and the commitment to innovation. This research also reveals the asymmetric impact of many of the cooperation drivers, and that company cooperation with both market and institutional agents leads to higher innovation performance. The findings have important implications for policymakers and practitioners.
A generalized closed‐form analytic design technique for solid‐state Marx generators
Authors: Hassan Mahmoud S. , Safwat Ibrahim M. , Abounemra Ahmed M. E. , Ahmed Hesham N. 
Published: February 2024

SummarySolid‐state Marx generators (SSMGs) are capable of generating high‐voltage pulses, with certain repetition frequency, and have a multitude of applications. Published research work targets more elaborate SSMG circuits without the existence of a specific design procedure. In this paper, basic circuit parameters (stage capacitance,duty cycleandvoltage droop) of generic resistive‐loaded SSMG—producing a single/burst of pulses—are precisely modeled. Accordingly, a generalized, closed‐form analytic design algorithm suitable for any resistive‐loaded SSMG is presented; the proposed algorithm guides designers throughout the SSMG design phase and furthermore, produces parametric design curves that provide designers with an in‐depth vision of the individual effect of each design parameter on the circuit performance. To quantify the robustness of the proposed algorithm, it is used to design a simple conventional, load‐dependent SSMG architecture fulfilling specific application requirements (frequency of 10 KHz, peak output voltage of 1.2 KV, and 510‐W average power per burst). Based on the obtained design and using the derived equations, the average power per burst is calculated for different number of pulses in the range of 1–10 pulses for the simulation and the implementation. The resulting relative error between the simulation and the measurement results is found to be in the range of 0.14%–0.37%. Afterward, the proposed algorithm is used to validate the published results of a complex SSMG. The relative error between the published results and those obtained using the proposed algorithm does not exceed 2.5%; this validates the modeling behind the proposed design technique and renders it as a solution approach for any resistive‐loaded SSMG topology irrespective of its complexity.
Performance of the Lumipulse plasma Aβ42/40 and pTau181 immunoassays in the detection of amyloid pathology
Authors: Figdore Daniel J. , Wiste Heather J. , Bornhorst Joshua A. , Bateman Randall J. , Li Yan , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Knopman David S. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Lowe Val J. , Jr Clifford R. Jack , Petersen Ronald C. , Algeciras‐Schimnich Alicia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study evaluated the performance of the Lumipulse plasma beta‐amyloid (Aβ) 42/40 and pTau181 compared to other assays to detect an abnormal amyloid‐positron emission tomography (PET).METHODSPlasma samples from cognitively unimpaired (N = 179) and MCI/AD dementia (N = 36) individuals were retrospectively evaluated. Plasma Aβ42/40 and pTau181 were measured using the Lumipulse and Simoa immunoassays. An immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (IP‐MS) assay for plasma Aβ42/40 was also evaluated. Amyloid‐PET status was the outcome measure.RESULTSLumipulse and IP‐MS Aβ42/40 exhibited the highest diagnostic accuracy for detecting an abnormal amyloid‐PET (areas under the curve [AUCs] of 0.81 and 0.84, respectively). The Lumipulse and Simoa pTau181 assays exhibited lower performance (AUCs of 0.74 and 0.72, respectively). The Simoa Aβ42/40 assay demonstrated the lowest diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.57). Combining Aβ42/40 and pTau181 did not significantly improve performance over Aβ42/40 alone for Lumipulse (AUC 0.83) or over pTau181 alone for Simoa (AUC 0.71)DISCUSSIONThe Lumipulse Aβ42/40 assay showed similar performance to the IP‐MS Aβ42/40 assay for detection of an abnormal amyloid‐PET; and both assays performed better than the two p‐tau181 immunoassays. The Simoa Aβ42/Aβ40 assay was the least accurate at predicting an abnormal amyloid‐PET status.Highlights
Lumipulse plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 AUC for abnormal amyloid‐PET detection was 0.81.
This performance was comparable to previously reported IP‐MS and higher than Simoa.
Performance of Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers varies between assays.
Nurturing innovation, catalyzing change: Honoring the legacy of Dr. C. Barr Taylor in the eating disorders field
Authors: Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. , Wilfley Denise E. , Accurso Erin C. , Balantekin Katherine N. , Celio Doyle Angela , Eisenberg Daniel , Firebaugh Marie‐Laure , Flatt Rachael E. , Goel Neha J. , Graham Andrea K. , Jacobi Corinna , Jones Bell Megan , Monterubio Grace E. , Newman Michelle G. , Sadeh‐Sharvit Shiri , Taylor Katherine , Weissman Ruth Striegel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis Virtual Issue of the International Journal of Eating Disorders honors the legacy of the late Dr. C. Barr Taylor in the eating disorders (EDs) field. For decades, Dr. Taylor led the way in not only conducting the research needed to achieve the ultimate goal of making affordable, accessible, and evidence‐based care for EDs available to all, but also nurturing the next generation of scientific leaders and innovators. Articles included in this Virtual Issue are a selection of Dr. Taylor's published works in the Journal in the past decade, spanning original research, ideas worth researching, commentaries, and a systematic review. We hope this Virtual Issue will inspire the next generation of research in EDs, and equally, if not more importantly, the next generation of young investigators in the field. We urge the field to continue and build upon Dr. Taylor's vision—to increase access to targeted prevention and intervention for EDs in innovative and forward‐thinking ways—while embracing his unique and powerful mentorship style to lift up early career investigators and create a community of leaders to address and solve our field's biggest challenges.
Assessing adequacy of citizen science datasets for biodiversity monitoring
Authors: Backstrom Louis J. , Callaghan Corey T. , Leseberg Nicholas P. , Sanderson Chris , Fuller Richard A. , Watson James E. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTracking the state of biodiversity over time is critical to successful conservation, but conventional monitoring schemes tend to be insufficient to adequately quantify how species' abundances and distributions are changing. One solution to this issue is to leverage data generated by citizen scientists, who collect vast quantities of data at temporal and spatial scales that cannot be matched by most traditional monitoring methods. However, the quality of citizen science data can vary greatly. In this paper, we develop three metrics (inventory completeness, range completeness, spatial bias) to assess the adequacy of spatial observation data. We explore the adequacy of citizen science data at the species level for Australia's terrestrial native birds and then model these metrics against a suite of seven species traits (threat status, taxonomic uniqueness, body mass, average count, range size, species density, and human population density) to identify predictors of data adequacy. We find that citizen science data adequacy for Australian birds is increasing across two of our metrics (inventory completeness and range completeness), but not spatial bias, which has worsened over time. Relationships between the three metrics and seven traits we modelled were variable, with only two traits having consistently significant relationships across the three metrics. Our results suggest that although citizen science data adequacy has generally increased over time, there are still gaps in the spatial adequacy of citizen science for monitoring many Australian birds. Despite these gaps, citizen science can play an important role in biodiversity monitoring by providing valuable baseline data that may be supplemented by information collected through other methods. We believe the metrics presented here constitute an easily applied approach to assessing the utility of citizen science datasets for biodiversity analyses, allowing researchers to identify and prioritise regions or species with lower data adequacy that will benefit most from targeted monitoring efforts.
Spinal fMRI demonstrates segmental organisation of functionally connected networks in the cervical spinal cord: A test–retest reliability study
Authors: Kowalczyk Olivia S. , Medina Sonia , Tsivaka Dimitra , McMahon Stephen B. , Williams Steven C. R. , Brooks Jonathan C. W. , Lythgoe David J. , Howard Matthew A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have identified intrinsic spinal cord activity, which forms organised motor (ventral) and sensory (dorsal) resting‐state networks. However, to facilitate the use of spinal fMRI in, for example, clinical studies, it is crucial to first assess the reliability of the method, particularly given the unique anatomical, physiological, and methodological challenges associated with acquiring the data. Here, we characterise functional connectivity relationships in the cervical cord and assess their between‐session test–retest reliability in 23 young healthy volunteers. Resting‐state networks were estimated in two ways (1) by estimating seed‐to‐voxel connectivity maps and (2) by calculating seed‐to‐seed correlations. Seed regions corresponded to the four grey matter horns (ventral/dorsal and left/right) of C5–C8 segmental levels. Test–retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Spatial overlap of clusters derived from seed‐to‐voxel analysis between sessions was examined using Dice coefficients. Following seed‐to‐voxel analysis, we observed distinct unilateral dorsal and ventral organisation of cervical spinal resting‐state networks that was largely confined in the rostro–caudal extent to each spinal segmental level, with more sparse connections observed between segments. Additionally, strongest correlations were observed between within‐segment ipsilateral dorsal–ventral connections, followed by within‐segment dorso–dorsal and ventro–ventral connections. Test–retest reliability of these networks was mixed. Reliability was poor when assessed on a voxelwise level, with more promising indications of reliability when examining the average signal within clusters. Reliability of correlation strength between seeds was highly variable, with the highest reliability achieved in ipsilateral dorsal–ventral and dorso‐dorsal/ventro–ventral connectivity. However, the spatial overlap of networks between sessions was excellent. We demonstrate that while test–retest reliability of cervical spinal resting‐state networks is mixed, their spatial extent is similar across sessions, suggesting that these networks are characterised by a consistent spatial representation over time.
Learning from socially driven frugal innovation to design the future of healthcare: A case of mobile Primary Health Center
Authors: Akhtar Md Haseen , Ramkumar Janakarajan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimDespite their flaws, the low‐cost but powerful economical solutions can ensure everyone has access to health. The main aim of this study is to extract characteristics of frugal innovation (FI) and social innovation (SI) for Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in low resource settings (LRS) for sustainable development. We will use the gained insights to design the mobile primary healthcare infrastructure using FI and SI strategies. There is a lack of methodology to design sustainable healthcare infrastructure for LRS. There is a gap in the literature about building sustainable infrastructure to provide basic healthcare facilities essential to the community. This article studies several factors necessary for designing sustainable infrastructure from the lens of FI, SI, and sustainability to develop a mobile healthcare infrastructure for last‐mile people.MethodsStarted with purposive sampled case studies to find out factors and criteria that most affect the success for an innovation to be frugal, social, and sustainable. The established criteria were used to design, develop, and deploy the mobile Primary Health Center (mPHC). Moving forward, we tested the system designed with stakeholders to gather insights. At this stage we found the feedback loop from the stakeholders and the role of interdisciplinary discussions between experts, medical officers, nurses, patient, and other staff of PHCs during the design, development, deployment, and test stage to be useful in taking design decisions efficiently.ResultsThe designed healthcare infrastructure of mPHC through the aspects of FI and SI proves to be efficient in providing key healthcare services to LRS.ConclusionFocusing on essential capabilities and optimizing performance with technology, methodologies, and processes reduces costs in an innovation. Focus on socially inclusive and rebalancing power disparities, overcome societal challenges and improve human capabilities will create a sustainable and novel solution.
Discrimination of vocal folds lesions by multiclass classification using autofluorescence spectroscopy: An ex vivo study
Authors: Gaiffe Olivier , Mahdjoub Joackim , Ramasso Emmanuel , Mauvais Olivier , Lihoreau Thomas , Pazart Lionel , Wacogne Bruno , Tavernier Laurent 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAutofluorescence spectroscopy is effective for noninvasive detection but underutilized in tissue with various pathology analyses. This study evaluates whether AFS can be used to discriminate between different types of laryngeal lesions in view of assisting in vocal fold surgery and preoperative investigations.MethodsA total of 1308 spectra were recorded from 29 vocal fold samples obtained from 23 patients. Multiclass analysis was performed on the spectral data, categorizing lesions into normal, benign, dysplastic, or carcinoma.ResultsThrough an appropriate selection of spectral components and a cascading classification approach based on artificial neural networks, a classification rate of 97% was achieved for each lesion class, compared to 52% using autofluorescence intensity.ConclusionsThe ex vivo study demonstrates the effectiveness of AFS combined with multivariate analysis for accurate classification of vocal fold lesions. Comprehensive analysis of spectral data significantly improves classification accuracy, such as distinguishing malignant from precancerous or benign lesions.
Recent advances on monolithic perovskite‐organic tandem solar cells
Authors: Xie Guanshui , Li Huan , Qiu Longbin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPerovskite‐organic tandem solar cells (TSCs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology in the realm of photovoltaics, showcasing remarkable enhancements in efficiency and significant potential for practical applications. Perovskite‐organic TSCs also exhibit facile fabrication surpassing that of all‐perovskite or all‐organic TSCs, attributing to the advantageous utilization of orthogonal solvents enabling sequential solution process for each subcell. The perovskite‐organic TSCs capitalize on the complementary light absorption characteristics of perovskite and organic materials. There is a promising prospect of achieving further enhanced power conversion efficiencies by covering a broad range of the solar spectrum with optimized perovskite absorber, organic semiconductors as well as the interconnecting layer's optical and electrical properties. This review comprehensively analyzes the recent advancements in perovskite‐organic TSCs, highlighting the synergistic effects of combining perovskite with a low open‐circuit voltage deficit, organic materials with broader light absorption, and interconnecting layers with reduced optical and electrical loss. Meanwhile, the underlying device architecture design, regulation strategies, and key challenges facing the high performance of the perovskite‐organic TSCs are also discussed.
Inflammatory biomarker changes in healthy adults secondary to electronic cigarette use: A scoping review
Authors: Boss Shawn , Bertolio Michael , Lipke Laura 
Published: February 2024

AbstractContextThere has been a global increase in the use of electronic cigarettes (EC). However, to our knowledge, no review has summarized or categorized changes in inflammatory biomarkers after EC use in the extant literature.ObjectiveTo evaluate changes in general, cardiopulmonary, and oxidative stress‐related inflammatory biomarkers in healthy adults who use ECs.MethodsA scoping review was conducted according to the Arksey and O'Malley framework. PubMed and MEDLINE (Ovid) databases were used for our search. After initial pilot searches and discussions, we performed a final search with medical subject headings and plain language terms related to inflammation, biomarkers, ECs, and adult humans. All full‐text articles, gray literature, and primary studies dating from the inception of the searched databases to the present were included. Studies of human participants with known confounding medical histories were excluded.ResultsThirty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. After short‐term (<1 month) use, ECs containing nicotine moderately increased cardiovascular (CV) and oxidative stress markers of inflammation. Of all reported results, 50% of CV biomarkers were increased, and 64% of oxidative stress markers were increased. After long‐term (>1 month) use, ECs containing nicotine produced mixed results. Two commonly measured biomarkers in this group, matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), were elevated in 75% and 60% of measured instances, respectively.ConclusionThe results of studies evaluated in our scoping review suggested that short‐term use of nicotine‐containing ECs may result in increased CV and oxidative stress inflammation, contributing to potential CV or neurologic disease development. The results of studies evaluated in our scoping review also suggested that long‐term use of nicotine‐containing ECs resulted in no significant changes in general inflammatory biomarker levels. A rigorous systematic review and meta‐analysis is necessary to corroborate our findings and to determine the effect of long‐term EC use on MMP‐9 and IL‐6 levels.
Potential clinical implications of molecular mimicry‐induced autoimmunity
Authors: Suliman Bandar A 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMolecular mimicry is hypothesized to be a mechanism by which autoimmune diseases are triggered. It refers to sequence or structural homology between foreign antigens and self‐antigens, which can activate cross‐reactive lymphocytes that attack host tissues. Elucidating the role of molecular mimicry in human autoimmunity could have important clinical implications.ObjectiveTo review evidence for the role of molecular mimicry in major autoimmune diseases and discuss potential clinical implications.MethodsComprehensive literature review of clinical trials, observational studies, animal models, and immunology studies on molecular mimicry in multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Guillain‐Barre syndrome, autoimmune myocarditis, and primary biliary cirrhosis published from 2000–2023.ResultsSubstantial indirect evidence supports molecular mimicry as a contributor to loss of self‐tolerance in several autoimmune conditions. Proposed microbial triggers include Epstein‐Barr virus, coxsackievirus, Campylobacter jejuni, and bacterial commensals. Key mechanisms involve cross‐reactive T cells and autoantibodies induced by epitope homology between microbial and self‐antigens. Perpetuation of autoimmunity involves epitope spreading, inflammatory mediators, and genetic factors.ConclusionsMolecular mimicry plausibly explains initial stages of autoimmune pathogenesis induced by infection or microbiota disturbances. Understanding mimicry antigens and pathways could enable improved prediction, monitoring, and antigen‐specific immunotherapy for autoimmune disorders. However, definitive proof of causation in humans remains limited. Further research should focus on establishing clinical evidence and utility.