bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and risk factors in African women living with HIV and their Infants
Authors: Matubu Taguma , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Brummel Sean S. , Stranix-Chibanda Lynda , Ogwang Lillian Wambuzi , Dadabhai Sufia , Atuhaire Patience , Chauwa Felluna , Gadama Luis , Fernandez Ray , Aizire Jim , Jackson J Brooks , Tobian Aaron , Taha Taha E. , Fowler Mary Glenn 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity data in women living with HIV (WLHIV), their infants and associated factors in this subpopulation remain limited. We retrospectively measured SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity from 07/2020-11/2021 among WLHIV and their children in the PROMOTE observational cohort in Uganda, Malawi, and Zimbabwe prior to widespread SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in those countries.
Methods
Sociodemographic, clinical data and blood were collected every 6 months. Plasma stored during 3 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in East/Southern Africa were tested for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies (Ab) using serological assays that detect adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (EUROIMMUN, Mountain Lakes, New Jersey and Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN).Modified-Poisson regression models were used to calculate prevalence rate ratios (PRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to identify sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
Results
PROMOTE samples from 918 mothers and 1237 children were analysed. Overall, maternal SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was 60.1% (95% CI: 56.9 -63.3) and 41.5% (95%CI: 38.8 – 44.2) for infants. Non-breastfeeding mothers had a 31% higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity compared to breastfeeding mothers (aPRR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.08-1.59). WLHIV with undetectable viral load had a 10% increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity (aPRR=1.10, 95%CI: 0.89-1.37). Moreover, those who were normotensive had 12% increased risk SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity (aPRR= 1.12, 95% CI: 0.68-1.85) compared to women with hypertension.Children between 2 and 5 years had a 19% reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity (aPRR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.64-1.02) when compared to younger children. Mother/infant SARS-CoV-2 serostatuses were discordant in 346/802 (43.1%) families tested: mothers+/children- in 72.3%; mothers-/children+ in 26.3%; child+/sibling+ concordance was 34.6%.
Conclusions
These SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity data indicate that by late 2021, about 60% of mothers and about 40% of children in a cohort of HIV-affected families in eastern/southern Africa had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. More mothers than their infants tested SARS-CoV-2+, likely due to a greater external exposure for mothers linked to daily routines/employment, and school closures. Breastfeeding was protective for mothers, likely because of the need to stay home for young children, and thus less exposure. Discordant results between children within the same families underscores the need to further understand transmission dynamics within households.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophages in three subtypes of breast cancer
Authors: Yuan Yan , Zhang Shu , Huang Jian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a disease characterized by molecular heterogeneity and has been classified into different subtypes. The heterogeneity of breast cancer is influenced by both the mutations of cancer cells and the significant heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a significant role in the progression and heterogeneity of different subtypes of BC, as they are the most abundant tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of investigation to reveal the heterogeneity and potential functions of TAMs in different subtypes of BC. This work elucidated the variations in marker genes, drug sensitivity, functions and cellular communication among the TAMs in the three subtypes of BC (TNBC, luminal, HER2) using published single-cell RNA sequencing data from 24 BC patients, and identification of specific marker genes of each TAMs were experimentally verified by co-culturing M0 macrophages with three subtypes of BC cells. In detail, we found that TNBC-TAMs exhibited elevated expression levels of CCL3L3, luminal-TAMs expressed high levels of SPP1, and HER2-TAMs highly expressed CXCL8. The expression of these marker genes was linked to differences in the sensitivity of TAMs to anticancer drugs, and identifying the marker genes expressed by diverse TAMs in different BC subtypes could potentially optimize the guidance of personalized treatment. Furthermore, the ligand-receptor pair analysis highlighted that the heterogeneous TAMs can activate different pathways via VEGFA/FLT1, SPP1/CD44 and SPP1/ITGB1 ligand-receptor pairs in three subtypes of BC, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that the expression patterns and unique role of heterogeneous TAMs in regulating the biological functions of different tumor microenvironments, and by targeting heterogeneous TAMs in different BC subtypes may provide a novel insight into more precise and individualised treatment strategies for patients with different subtypes of BC.
Association of serum interleukin-2 with severity and prognosis of community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Feng-Min , Xu Juan , He Qi-Yuan , Deng You-Peng , Liu Ming-Yan , Liu Ying , Sun Jing , Zhao Hui , Fu Lin , Yang Jin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Prior research has shown that interleukin-2 (IL-2) exerts important roles in the pathological and physiological processes of lung diseases. However, it's still uncertain whether IL-2 has a role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Through a prospective cohort study, our research will explore the correlation between serum IL-2 levels and the severity and prognosis of CAP patients.
Methods: There were 267 CAP patients included. Blood samples were obtained. Serum IL-2 was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic traits and clinical characteristics were extracted.
Results: Correlation study revealed that physiological parameters including liver and renal function were connected with serum IL-2 in CAP patients. According to a logistic regression analysis, serum IL-2 were positively correlated with CAP severity scores. We also tracked the prognostic outcomes of CAP patients and observed an increased risk of adverse prognosis with higher levels of IL-2 in admission.
Conclusions: CAP patients' severe conditions and poor prognosis were positively linked with serum IL-2 at admission, indicated that IL-2 may be connected to the development of CAP. As a result, serum IL-2 may be an available biomarker to guide clinicians in diagnosing CAP and determining prognosis.
Experiences of people with long COVID with COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation - results of a qualitative study with 48 participants from Germany
Authors: Schmachtenberg Tim , Königs Gloria , Roder Sascha , Müller Frank , Müllenmeister Christina , Schröder Dominik , El-Sayed Iman 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies estimate that at least 7.5% of adults are affected by long-term symptoms such as fatigue or cognitive impairment after the acute phase of COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination may reduce the risk of long COVID. Rehabilitation can have a positive impact on recovery. This study aims to present the experiences of people with long COVID with COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation. Such research is important because perceptions of these measures can impact healthcare utilization and health status.
Methods
48 adults with long COVID participated in this qualitative study, 25 of them in one-on-one interviews and 23 in focus groups. Participants were recruited via calls for participation on the websites and social media channels of two university hospitals and with the help of respondents' networks. The conversations were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Subsequently, the results were compared, interpreted, and discussed by scientific literature.
Results
Study participants had varying experiences with COVID-19 vaccination and rehabilitation. Nine participants stated that they developed long COVID despite vaccination before COVID-19. Ten of the 35 vaccinated participants reported vaccine reactions, and two participants reported severe side effects. Two participants reported persistent deterioration of their long COVID symptoms after vaccination. This led to uncertainty about the safety, benefits, and handling of COVID-19 vaccination. However, most participants perceived the vaccine as effective regarding milder COVID-19 sequelae. Four participants felt their rehabilitation was helpful and four participants felt it was unhelpful. Two persons found the combination of inpatient rehabilitation and rehabilitation sport helpful.
Conclusions
Several implications can be derived from this study: (1) researchers should explore the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on long COVID symptoms; (2) vaccination campaigns should be more responsive to the perspectives of people with long COVID on vaccination; (3) care planners should build rehabilitation facilities specialized in long COVID; (4) rehabilitation providers should train their professionals regarding long COVID and develop rehabilitation programs tailored to different clinical pictures.
Trial registration
The study is registered in the German register for clinical trials (DRKS00026007).
Intrusion Detection in IoT Data Streams based onEMNCD with Concept Drift
Authors: Chu Renjie , Jin Peiyuan , Qiao Hanli , Feng Quanxi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the widespread application of smart devices, the security of IoT systems faces entirely new challenges. The IoT data stream operates in a non-stationary, dynamic environment, making it prone to concept drift. This paper focuses on addressing the issue of concept drift in data streams, with a key emphasis on introducing an innovative drift detection method—Ensemble of Multiple Non-parametric Concept Drift detectors, abbreviated as EMNCD. This approach employs ensemble learning of three non-parametric statistical methods: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and Mann-Kendall test. It accurately detects concept drift by comparing the distributions of samples within a sliding window. Through this integration, precise localization of drift points is achieved, enhancing the reliability of detection. Experimental results demonstrate that, when compared to other classical methods, the EMNCD approach exhibits significantly superior performance across artificial datasets. Simultaneously, to enhance the robustness of data stream processing, we introduce an online data anomaly detection method based on the Isolation Forest. Furthermore, we propose a drift adaptation model named WOA-XGBoost. This model employs XGBoost as a base learner, dynamically updates the model using drift points detected by EMNCD, and fine-tunes parameters through the WOA. Through real-world applications on the Edge-IIoTset intrusion dataset, we delve into the impact of concept drift on intrusion detection. In summary, this paper centers around the EMNCD method, introducing innovative drift detection, anomaly detection, and drift adaptation approaches to address concept drift in data streams and enhance security in IoT systems. It offers a series of practical and viable solutions.
ENPP2 promotes progression and lipid accumulation via AMPK/SREBP1/FAS pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Wang Xin , Lu Liyan , Hu Xinting , Han Yang , Wang Hua , Zhang Xin , Tian Zheng , Zhang Ya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Disorders of lipid metabolism are critical factors in the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The characteristics of lipid metabolism and related regulatory mechanisms of CLL remain unclear. Hence, we identified altered metabolites in CLL patients by lipidomic to investigate aberrant lipid metabolism pathways. Based on the area under the curve value, a combination of three metabolites (PC O-24:2_18:2, PC O-35:3, and LPC 34:3) potentially served as a biomarker for the diagnosis of CLL. Moreover, utilizing integrated lipidomic, transcriptomic, and molecular studies, we reveal that ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2) plays a crucial role in regulating oncogenic lipogenesis. ENPP2 expression was significantly elevated in CLL patients compared to normal cells and was validated in an independent cohort. Besides, ENPP2 knockdown and targeted inhibitor PF-8380 treatment exerted an anti-tumor effect by regulating cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and enhanced the drug sensitivity to ibrutinib. Mechanistically, ENPP2 inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and promoted lipogenesis through the sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1)/fatty acid synthase (FAS) signaling pathway to promote lipogenesis. Taken together, our findings unravel the lipid metabolism characteristics of CLL, and highlight the potential role of ENPP2 as a novel therapeutic target for CLL treatment.
The relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction among middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases: the mediating role of depression
Authors: Song Miaojing , Zhang Lin , Ji Qiqi , Ji Pengjuan , Xu Jiashuang , Chen Yian , Guo Leilei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
A number of studies have explored the relationship between depression and life satisfaction. Few studies, however, have articulated the mechanisms underlying the relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction in middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases. The present study is intended to examine the mediating role of depression in this relationship.
Methods
Multistage stratified sampling method was adopted to investigate 306 chronic disease patients aged 45 years and above in an affiliated hospital in Zhejiang Province. The results were then statistically analyzed. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the sample was performed. The relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction was assessed using linear regression. The mediating effect of depression was analyzed using Amos 23.0.
Results
Successful aging was positively correlated with life satisfaction (β = 0.34, P < 0.01), successful aging was negatively correlated with depression (β = -0.14, P < 0.01), and depression was negatively correlated with life satisfaction (β = -0.24, P < 0.01). The standardized indirect effect of depression between successful aging and life satisfaction was 0.058, which represented 13.67% of the total effect.
Conclusions
Depression mediates the relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction. Therefore, healthcare professionals and stakeholders should be concerned about the mental health of middle-aged and elderly persons with chronic diseases, strengthen their attention to successful aging, and provide interventions and treatment measures for middle-aged and elderly persons with chronic diseases who have depressive tendencies.
Lower levels of social support are associated with risk for future suicide attempts in a clinical sample of transgender and gender diverse adults
Authors: Pletta David R. , Austin S. Bryn , Chen Jarvis T. , Radix Asa E. , Keuroghlian Alex S. , Hughto Jaclyn M.W. , Reisner Sari L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose.
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults are disproportionately affected by suicide. Social support and connection to the broader TGD community may help lower TGD adults’ odds of having a suicide attempt (SA). The current study examined whether baseline levels of social support and community connectedness were associated with TGD adult’s prospective odds of having a SA over 12 months of follow-up.
Methods.
Longitudinal data for the current study came from a patient cohort of TGD adults enrolled in the LEGACY Project. Descriptive statistics and an attrition analysis were used to examine characteristics of the cohort and missingness over time. Logistic generalized estimating equation models were used to examine factors associated with patients’ odds of having a past 6-month SA at 6- or 12-months follow-up.
Results.
During the 12-month follow-up period, a total of 26 patients (3.1%; N = 830) reported having a SA. The 6-month incidence of SAs was approximately 2% at both 6- and 12-months of follow-up (6-months: N = 830; 12-months: N = 495). Baseline factors associated with increased odds of a future SA included gender identity (transfeminine vs. transmasculine: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–11.08; nonbinary vs. transmasculine: aOR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.03–9.21), having a prior SA (aOR = 6.44, 95% CI = 2.63–15.79), and having moderate vs. high perceived social support (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI = 1.65–10.90).
Conclusion.
Lower levels of social support are associated with risk for future suicide attempts among TGD adults. Findings may inform screening practices for future suicide risk and the development of interventions to improve mental health outcomes for TGD adults.
Diversity and pathogenicity of anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani isolates associated with potato diseases in northern Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: López-Corrales Rosalía , Michereff Sami J. , García-Estrada Raymundo Saúl , Correia Kamila C. , Mora-Romero Guadalupe Arlene , León-Félix Josefina , Tovar-Pedraza Juan Manuel 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Potato production is affected by Rhizoctonia solani, causing severe yield losses. The most important criterion for distinguishing R. solani isolates is differentiation by anastomosis groups (AGs). However, the limitations of traditional AG differentiation have prompted the use of DNA sequence analysis as a valuable tool for distinguishing AGs. This study aimed to determine the diversity of anastomosis groups and the virulence of R. solani isolates collected from commercial potato fields in northern Sinaloa, Mexico. A total of 118 R. solani isolates were obtained from symptomatic sprouts and tubers collected from 32 commercial fields distributed in the municipalities of Ahome, Guasave, and El Fuerte in northern Sinaloa, Mexico. Fifty-two representative isolates were selected for anastomosis group determination and pathogenicity tests. Phylogenetic analysis with rpb2 gene sequences clearly distinguished 30 isolates belonging to AG-3 PT and 22 isolates to AG-4 HGI. The virulence of these R. solani isolates was evaluated using mini-tubers of potato cv. Fianna, and colonized rice grains were used as inoculum source. The disease severity caused by R. solani on potato plants was evaluated 40 days after emergence. Virulence was estimated as the percentage of necrotic area on underground stems. The results revealed that all R. solani isolates were pathogenic and differences were observed in virulence among the isolates. Of the total of 52 isolates evaluated, 7% were highly virulent, 61% had intermediate virulence, and 32% exhibited low virulence. These findings regarding the diversity of anastomosis groups and the virulence of R. solani isolates in northern Sinaloa are fundamental for subsequent epidemiology and fungicide resistance studies.
Syntactic enhanced multi-channel graph convolutional networks for aspect sentiment analysis
Authors: Ding Yuhang , Gao Jianyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) focuses on accurately classifying the sentiment polarity of various aspects within a sentence. In recent years, graph convolutional networks leveraging syntactic dependency trees have gained popularity in ABSA tasks due to their exceptional ability to capture syntactic structures. However, the challenge lies in effectively integrating both syntactic and semantic information without introducing excessive noise interference. This paper addresses this issue by proposing a novel syntax-enhanced multi-channel graph convolutional network model for ABSA.To enhance the model's understanding of grammatical structures, we have devised a multi-channel graph structure. This structure employs syntactic dependency types, positional information, and tree-based distances as adjacency matrices in various channel graphs to represent different types of relationships between words. Additionally, to accurately capture aspect-related information, we've incorporated an aspect attention module, complemented by a mask matrix to filter out non-aspect word features. Our experimental results, based on three benchmark datasets, demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms existing approaches, achieving the highest level of performance.
Asymmetrical sequence chunking for auditory and visual domains in the left and right hemispheres
Authors: Ding Nai , Lu Yuhan , Wu Yuchunzi , Yu Yanlin , Tian Xing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Chunking is an effective mechanism to process sensory sequences. It remains unclear, however, whether the chunking mechanism is domain-general or specific to each input sensory modality. Here, we investigate the functions of the Broca’s area and its right homolog mediating chunking when human participants break up auditory and visual sequences into chunks based on rules. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we demonstrate that neural activity can track the rhythms of sensory chunks across the brain areas. Critically, the precision of chunk-tracking activity in the left and right inferior frontal gyri (IFG) separately predicts the behavioral performance for auditory and visual chunking. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) further reveals that deactivating the left and right IFG distinctively influences the behavioral performance of auditory and visual chunking. Additionally, structural imaging shows that the strength of the left and right arcuate fasciculi, connecting frontal and temporal cortices, predicts both ipsilateral IFG activation and modality-dependent chunking performance. The consistent electrophysiological, neural modulation and structural connectivity results collectively suggest distinct hemispherical lateralized temporal-frontal networks for rule-based chunking in the auditory and visual domains.
Impact of Particulate Matter Air Pollution on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Shen Zan , Pei Hang , Wang Guanyin , Wang Ziyue , Wei xinshi , Yu Jinsheng , Wang chao , Hua Jiang , He Bangjian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In observational studies, the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in body has been found to be closely related to Particulate matter air pollution (PM). In this study, we employed the two-sample Mendelian randomization method (MR) to investigate and discuss the potential causal relationship and mode of influence.
Methods
PM data (PM10, PM2.5−10, PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance) came from the UKBiobank database and 25(OH)D data came from the EBI database. The analysis was conducted utilizing three prominent methods (Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode). The primary emphasis was placed on IVW (random effects), accompanied by heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis was undertaken.
Results
The Mendelian randomization analysis revealed a significant association between exposure to PM10 and a decrease in levels of 25(OH)D (OR: 0.878, 95%CI: 0.789–0.977). However, no significant relationship was observed between PM2.5 exposure and 25(OH)D (OR: 0.858, 95%CI: 0.728–1.012). Further analysis indicated that the main contributor to the decline in 25(OH)D levels is linked to PM2.5−10 exposure (OR: 0.840, 95%CI: 0.751–0.940) and PM2.5 absorbance (OR: 0.875, 95%CI: 0.824–0.929). No heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy existed.
Conclusions
The MR results suggest that PM exposure lowers VD levels by reducing UV rays, and no significant PM2.5 impact on VD within the human body has been found. Considering the important mediator of VD in osteoporosis, we recommend that people in highly polluted areas supplement appropriate amounts of VD.