bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoreactive human peripheral blood CD8+ T cells with a regulatory phenotype and function
Authors: Jarvis Lorna B. , Matyszak Malgosia K. , Duggleby Richard C. , Goodall Jane C. , Hall Frances C. , Gaston J. S. Hill 
Published: September 2005

AbstractDespite substantial advances in our understanding of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, a possible equivalent regulatory subset within the CD8+ T cell population has received less attention. We now describe novel human CD8+/TCRαβ+ T cells that have a regulatory phenotype and function. We expanded and cloned these cells using autologous LPS‐activated dendritic cells. The clones were not cytolytic, but responded in an autoreactive HLA class I‐restricted fashion, by proliferation and production of IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13 and TGFβ1, but not IFN‐γ. They constitutively expressed CD69 and CD25 as well as molecules associated with CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) and Foxp3. They suppressed IFN‐γ production and proliferation by CD4+ T cells in vitro in a cell contact‐dependent manner, which could be blocked using a CTLA‐4‐specific mAb. They were more readily isolated from patients with ankylosing spondylitis and may therefore be up‐regulated in response to inflammation. We suggest that they are the CD8+ counterparts of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. They resemble recently described CD8+ regulatory cells in the rat that were able to abrogate graft‐versus‐host disease. Likewise, human HLA‐restricted CD8+ regulatory T cells that can be cloned and expanded in vitro may have therapeutic applications.
Control of dual‐specificity phosphatase‐1 expression in activated macrophages by IL‐10
Authors: Hammer Michael , Mages Jörg , Dietrich Harald , Schmitz Frank , Striebel Frank , Murray Peter J. , Wagner Hermann , Lang Roland 
Published: September 2005

AbstractLigation of Toll‐like receptors (TLR) on macrophages induces cytokines and mediators important for the control of pathogens. Macrophage activation has to be tightly controlled to prevent hyper‐inflammation. Accordingly, the hallmarks of TLR‐triggered signaling, nuclear translocation of NF‐κB and phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK), are transient events. We have mined microarray datasets for changes in the expression of phosphatases in resting and TLR‐activated macrophages. Several members of the dual‐specificity phosphatases (DUSP) were induced upon triggering TLR4 with LPS. Up‐regulation of DUSP1 mRNA was transient after stimulation with LPS alone, but addition of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL‐10 resulted in robust, continued DUSP1 expression. IL‐10 also synergized with the anti‐inflammatory glucocorticoid dexamethasone in the induction of DUSP1 mRNA expression in activated macrophages, as well as in the inhibition of IL‐6 and IL‐12 production. Increased expression of DUSP1 in IL‐10‐treated activated macrophages was correlated with a faster down‐regulation of p38 MAPK activation. Thus, these data suggest an operational link between IL‐10 and inibition of p38 MAPK via sustained expression of DUSP1.
Distinct effects of CD86‐mediated costimulation on resting versus activated human CD4+ T cells
Authors: Rogers Nicola J. , Game David S. , Camara Niels O. S. , Jackson Ian M. , Lombardi Giovanna , Lechler Robert I. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractCD80 and CD86 are important in the initiation of T cell immunity. Although their costimulatory function has long been appreciated, it remains unclear whether the biological significance of the two B7 isoforms resides in their different patterns and kinetics of expression or whether differences exist in their function. We have addressed this issue using HLA‐DR1 transfectants co‐expressing CD80, CD86, or both molecules as stimulators for naïve, memory, and activated human CD4+ T cells. Both CD80 and CD86 efficiently costimulated alloresponses by unseparated peripheral blood CD4+ T cells; however, CD86 was substantially inferior in costimulating alloresponses by separated memory T cells, and completely incompetent in costimulating three human T cell clones. Furthermore, CD80/CD86 double transfectants stimulated lower responses by the clones than cells expressing CD80 alone. That CD86 was actively inhibitory rather than merely neutral was evidenced by the increase in response to the double CD80/CD86 APC when anti‐CD86 antibody was added. Furthermore, addition of anti‐CTLA‐4 Fab to cultures of HLA‐DR1 transfectants co‐expressing CD86, fully restored the proliferative response. These results indicate that CD80 and CD86 mediate distinct signals in previously activated T cells, and demonstrate that CTLA‐4 ligation may dominate the outcome of CD86‐mediated costimulation of activated CD4+ T cells.
IgG Fc receptor polymorphisms and association with autoimmune disease
Authors: Andrén Maria , Johanneson Bo , Alarcón‐Riquelme Marta E. , Kleinau Sandra 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether a genetic polymorphism of FcγRIII exists in mice, which could explain the different susceptibility to pathogenic IgG anti‐collagen type II (CII) antibodies in mice carrying the collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA)‐susceptible H‐2q haplotype. The gene for FcγRIII was sequenced in 11 common mouse strains, and the results revealed three different haplotypes of mouse FcγRIII: FcγRIII:V, FcγRIII:H and FcγRIII:T. To study the consequences of this polymorphism, we generated mice carrying the FcγRIII:H haplotype from the CIA‐susceptible, H‐2q‐positive DBA/1 mouse or the FcγRIII:V haplotype from the CIA‐resistant, H‐2q‐positive SWR mouse. After CII immunization or transfer of IgG anti‐CII antibodies, FcγRIII:H‐expressing mice, but not FcγRIII:V‐expressing mice, developed progressively severe arthritis. We also investigated if C5, in addition to FcγRIII polymorphism, could affect the susceptibility to the pathogenic IgG anti‐CII antibodies in H‐2q‐positive mice. Here we show that SWR mice, naturally deficient in C5, can develop CIA when supplemented with C5 and that anti‐C5 antibody treatment of FcγRIII:H‐expressing mice inhibits arthritis development. These data demonstrate for the first time a genetic polymorphism of FcγRIII in mice that may, together with C5, regulate induction of autoimmune disease.
α‐Galactosylceramide‐induced iNKT cells suppress experimental allergic asthma in sensitized mice: Role of IFN‐γ
Authors: Hachem Patricia , Lisbonne Mariette , Michel Marie‐Laure , Diem Séverine , Roongapinun Sukit , Lefort Jean , Marchal Gilles , Herbelin André , Askenase Philip W. , Dy Michel , Leite‐de‐Moraes Maria C. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractAllergic asthma is a multifaceted syndrome consisting of eosinophil‐rich airway inflammation, bronchospasm, and airway hyper‐responsiveness (AHR). Using a mouse model of allergic asthma, we previously reported that invariant NKT (iNKT) cells increase the severity of this disease. Herein, we demonstrate that a single i.v. injection of α‐galactosylceramide (α‐GalCer), 1 h before the first airway allergen challenge of OVA‐sensitized mice, abrogates elicitation of AHR, airway eosinophilia, IL‐4 and IL‐5 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and specific anti‐OVA IgE antibodies. Further, α‐GalCer administered intranasally also strongly inhibited the major symptoms of asthma in sensitized and challenged mice. α‐GalCer treatment induces iNKT cell accumulation in the lungs, and shifts their cytokine profile from pro‐asthmatic IL‐4 to a protective IFN‐γ production. The role of IFN‐γ from iNKT cells in protection was shown by adoptive transfer of sorted iNKT cells from OVA‐sensitized and α‐GalCer‐treated mice which protected immunized recipients from manifesting asthma by an IFN‐γ‐dependent pathway. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that α‐GalCer administered locally inhibits asthma symptoms, even in predisposed asthmatic mice, through an iNKT cell‐ and IFN‐γ‐dependent pathway.See accompanying commentary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200535425
Splenic marginal zone B cells in humans: Where do they mutate their Ig receptor?
Authors: Weller Sandra , Reynaud Claude‐Agnès , Weill Jean‐Claude 
Published: September 2005

AbstractHuman IgM+IgD+CD27+ B cells have mutated Ig genes and harbor a splenic marginal zone (MZ) phenotype. In this issue, the group of R. Küppers has studied the expression of the enzyme activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID) in human spleen samples by immunocytochemistry and failed to detect a significant AID‐expressing subset in the MZ region. The consequences on the possible origin of these cells are discussed.See accompanying article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200535134
Mössbauer Investigation of Peroxo Species in the Iron(III)–EDTA–H2O2 System
Authors: Sharma Virender K. , Szilágyi Petra Á. , Homonnay Zoltán , Kuzmann Ernő , Vértes Attila 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe reaction of a diiron(III)–EDTA complex with H2O2 in alkaline medium is studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy in conjunction with the rapid‐freeze/quench technique in order to identify possible intermediate species during the formation and decomposition of the purple (EDTA)FeIII(η2‐O2)3– complex ion. Starting from the six‐coordinate [FeIIIEDTA]– species at acidic pH, it is demonstrated that mononuclear complexes formed at a pH of about 1 are convert into the diiron(III)–EDTA complex [(EDTA)FeIII‐O‐FeIII(EDTA)]4– upon raising the pH to around 10.4. H2O2 reacts with the diiron(III) complex to give peroxide/hydroperoxide related adducts. Initially, the reaction tears apart the dimers to form a peroxo adduct, namely the seven‐coordinate mononuclear [(EDTA)FeIII(η2‐O2)]3–, which is stable only at very high pH. The decomposition of this peroxo adduct gives two new species, which are reported for the first time. The Mössbauer parameters of these species suggest a six‐coordinate μ‐peroxodiiron(III) complex [(EDTA)FeIII‐(OO)‐FeIII(EDTA)]4– and a seven‐coordinate μ‐hydroxo‐μ‐peroxodiiron(III) complex [(EDTA)FeIII‐(OO)(OH)‐FeIII(EDTA)]5–. A badly resolved, extremely broad component is observed in the Mössbauer spectra during the conversion of the monomer to dimeric peroxo species, which may be attributed to the short‐lived [(EDTA)FeIII‐OO]3– or [(EDTA)FeIII‐OOH]2– intermediate species. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Generation and Reactions of Overcrowded Diaryldilithiostannane and Diaryldipotassiostannane
Authors: Tajima Tomoyuki , Takeda Nobuhiro , Sasamori Takahiro , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: September 2005

AbstractExhaustive reduction of an overcrowded dibromostannane bearing two bulky aromatic substituents, Tbt(Dip)SnBr2 {Tbt = 2,4,6‐tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl; Dip = 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl}, with an excess amount of lithium naphthalenide in THF at –78 °C gave the corresponding dilithiostannane, Tbt(Dip)SnLi2, the generation of which was confirmed by trapping experiments with some electrophiles together with 119Sn and 7Li NMR spectroscopy. The diaryldilithiostannane was found to be stable in solution under an inert gas below –25 °C. The potassium analogue, Tbt(Dip)SnK2, was also generated by the reduction of the dibromostannane in THF at –78 °C by the use of KC8 as a reductant. The reactions of dilithiostannane and dipotassiostannane obtained with o‐dibromobenzene did not give a stannacyclopropabenzene derivative but an unexpected cyclization product, a stannacyclobutabenzene derivative, in contrast to thereactions of the corresponding dilithiosilane and dilithiogermane, Tbt(Dip)ELi2 (E = Si, Ge), with o‐dibromobenzene leading to the formation of the corresponding metallacyclopropabenzenes as stable crystalline compounds. A preliminary result of the synthesis of a tin–tellurium double‐bond compound from the dilithiostannane is also presented. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthetic Routes to the Encapsulation of II–VI Semiconductors in Mesoporous Hosts
Authors: Turner Elizabeth A. , Huang Yining , Corrigan John F. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractOrdered mesoporous silicate materials, such as MCM‐41 and SBA‐15, offer a nanometre‐sized environment for the inclusion of quantum‐confined materials. The channel walls of the framework hinder cluster‐cluster interactions thereby restricting particle growth and thus limiting the size of the enclosed particles to the nanometre‐size regime. In particular, the past decade has seen substantial progress in the synthesis and encapsulation of II–VI nanoparticles within MCM‐41 and SBA‐15. This microreview highlights the recent developments in this area, with notable emphasis on the synthetic routes used in the growth and anchoring of CdS, CdSe and ZnS nanoparticles within a mesoporous host. Of relevance are the methods of ion‐exchange, interior pore wall modification, quantum‐dot doping, incorporation of preformed nanoparticles and clusters and external surface passivation through organic functionalization. In addition to synthetic methods employed, the interesting photochemical properties of the composite materials are discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Synthesis and Absolute Configuration of 6‐Hydroxylated New Ceramides in Human Skin, Ceramides B, 4, 7 and 8
Authors: Masuda Yui , Mori Kenji 
Published: September 2005

Abstract6R‐Configuration was assigned to three new ceramides isolated from human skin such as ceramide B [1, (2S,3R,4E,6R)‐6‐hydroxy‐N‐(30′‐hydroxytriacontanoyl)‐4‐sphingenine], ceramide 8 [2, (2S,3R,4E,6R)‐6‐hydroxy‐N‐(tetracosanoyl)‐4‐sphingenine] and ceramide 4 {3, (2S,3R,4E,6R)‐6‐hydroxy‐N‐[(30′‐linoleoyloxy)triacontanoyl]‐4‐sphingenine}. (6R,2′R)‐Configuration was given to another ceramide in human skin, ceramide 7 [4, (2S,3R,4E,6R,2′R)‐6‐hydroxy‐N‐(2′‐hydroxytetracosanoyl)‐4‐sphingenine]. These assignments were made possible by enzymatic preparation of the enantiomers of 1‐pentadecyn‐3‐ol and those of 2‐hydroxytetracosanoic acid. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Utility of Azolium Triflates as Promoters for the Condensation of a Nucleoside Phosphoramidite and a Nucleoside in the Agrawal's Stereoselective Synthesis of Nucleoside Phosphorothioates
Authors: Hyodo Mamoru , Ando Hirotaka , Nishitani Hisashi , Hattori Akira , Hayakawa Hiroyuki , Kataoka Masanori , Hayakawa Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that some azolium triflates, such as N‐phenylimidazolium triflate, benzimidazolium triflate and N‐methylbenzimidazolium triflate, are more useful than 1H‐tetrazole as promoters for the stereoselective condensation of a 5′‐O‐free nucleoside and a stereochemically pure 5′‐O‐(p,p′‐dimethoxytrityl)‐3′‐O‐{(4R)‐1H,3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]‐1,3,2‐oxazaphospholidin}‐2‐yl 2′‐deoxyribonucleoside (Rc‐1) or 5′‐O‐(p,p′‐dimethoxytrityl)‐3′‐O‐{(4S)‐1H,3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]‐1,3,2‐oxazaphospholidin}‐2‐yl 2′‐deoxyribonucleoside (Sc‐2) (Agrawal strategy). The azolium triflates allowed the stereoselective formation of an internucleotide phosphorothioate bond via the above‐described condensation using a stereochemically pure phosphoramidite, followed by sulfurization using bis[3‐triethoxysilylpropyl]tetrasulfide. The highest diastereoexcess values of the products in the synthesis of dideoxyribonucleoside phosphorothioates using a suitable azolium triflate such as benzimidazolium triflate, N‐methylbenzimidazolium triflate or N‐phenylimidazolium triflate were 90–96 % in solution phase or 80–88 % in solid phase; these values were higher than those obtained in the synthesis using 1H‐tetrazole as a promoter for the condensation of a nucleoside phosphoramidite and a nucleoside. This paper also describes that studies on the absolute configurations of stereogenic phosphorus atoms in the phosphoramidites Rc‐1 and Sc‐2 by meansof two different existing methods, i. e., the Beaucage method, gave contrary conclusions, and thus the configurations should be determined by an absolutely reliable method, such as X‐ray analysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Towards Immunoproteasome‐Specific Inhibitors: An Improved Synthesis of Dihydroeponemycin
Authors: Ho Abby , Cyrus Kedra , Kim Kyung‐Bo 
Published: September 2005

AbstractEponemycin, an antitumor and antiangiogenic epoxy ketone natural product, is previously shown to target proteasome for its activity. Although there have been many synthetic approaches developed, practical and efficient synthetic strategy for eponemycin has yet to be accomplished. Here, we report an efficient new route for the preparation of dihydroeponemycin, an active eponemycin derivative. This will aid the design of proteasome inhibitors with novel activity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Regulation of the Atm promoter in vivo
Authors: Gueven Nuri , Fukao Toshiyuki , Luff John , Paterson Carol , Kay Graham , Kondo Naomi , Lavin Martin F. 
Published: September 2005

AbstractWhile ATM, the protein defective in the human genetic disorder ataxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T), is primarily activated as a preexisting protein by radiation, there is also evidence that expression of the protein can be regulated at the transcriptional level. Activation of the ATM promoter by ionizing radiation has been reported only in quiescent cells in culture. To investigate how the Atm promoter is regulated in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that express the luciferase reporter gene under the control of the murine Atm promoter. Using a biophotonic imaging system luciferase activity was monitored in vivo. Strong promoter activity was detected throughout the transgenic animals with particularly high signals from the thymus, abdominal region, and reproductive organs. This activity further increased in response to both ionizing radiation and heat stress in a time dependent manner. Luciferase activity, measured in vitro in extracts from different tissues, showed highest activities in testes, ovaries, and cerebellum. Subjecting these mice to a single dose of 4 Gy total body radiation led to a time‐dependent activation of the promoter with the strongest response observed in the peritoneal membrane, skin, and spleen. For most tissues tested, maximal promoter activity was reached 8 hr after radiation. The observed changes in promoter activity largely correlated with levels and activity of Atm protein in tissue extracts. These results demonstrate that, in addition to activation by autophosphorylation, Atm can also be regulated in vivo at the transcriptional level possibly ensuring a more sustained response to radiation and other stimuli. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of pneumatic power tool use on nerve conduction velocity across the wrist
Authors: Rosecrance John , Anton Dan , Cook Thomas , Merlino Linda 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if the use of pneumatic power tools altered electrophysiologic properties of the median and ulnar nerves at the wrist during the work shift. Sensory nerve conduction velocities were measured in hands of workers before work and then at 2‐hour intervals during the workday. Ten workers exposed to pneumatic power tool use and 10 workers not exposed to intensive hand activity were evaluated. The conduction velocities slowed significantly across the wrist in the median and ulnar nerves among workers using pneumatic tools but not among control workers. This investigation demonstrated that short‐term exposure to highly intensive hand tasks causes significant slowing in nerve conduction velocity across the wrist. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 15: 339–352, 2005.
Changing manufacturing practices: An appraisal of the processual approach
Authors: Dawson Patrick 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThere has been a longstanding interest in human factors and the processes of change in manufacturing organizations. In this article attention is focused on the establishment and contribution of a processual perspective to understanding change. A history of the processual approach is outlined and some of the main defining elements and ongoing developments are appraised. Field data drawn from a study of cellular work arrangements at a mirror manufacturing plant are used to highlight the interlocking and overlapping dynamics between substance, context, and politics. In advocating the benefits of a processual perspective, it is argued that during the uptake of cellular manufacturing there is a mutual shaping between the “technical” and the “social” and in support of this claim, case study data are used to illustrate the complex and ongoing interaction between sociopolitical processes and the substance of change (in this case, the technical reconfiguration into cellular form). It is argued that attempts to distill, separate, identify, and examine discrete elements (such as technology) are misplaced and likely to produce misleading results that undervalue the importance of the contextual and sociopolitical processes that also play a key part as mutual shapers of change. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 15: 385–402, 2005.
Differently Glycosidated 2‐Amino‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucopyranosiduronic Acids as Building Blocks in Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Kyas Andreas , Feigel Martin 
Published: September 2005

AbstractSeven differently glycosidated sugar amino acids (SSAs) derived from glucosamine have been prepared. Following standard solution‐phase peptide‐coupling procedures, the glycosidated 2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucopyranosiduronic acids were condensed with natural amino acids to furnish useful heterodi‐ and ‐trimeric building blocks to be used in peptide synthesis. Combinations of these building blocks yielded hetero‐oligomeric peptides with two sugar amino acid units in different distances to each other. These were prepared to evaluate the influence of glycosidic side chains on the peptide backbone. Conformations of selected examples were examined by means of ROESY spectroscopy in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and circular‐dichroism (CD) studies.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Complexes Containing the Tripodal N7 Ligand Tris{2‐[(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino]ethyl}amine (=N′‐(Pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐N,N‐bis{2‐[(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane‐1,2‐diamine): Equilibrium, Spectroscopic Data, and Crystal Structures of Mono‐ and Trinuclear Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Gérard Christian , Mohamadou Aminou , Marrot Jérôme , Brandes Stéphane , Tabard Alain 
Published: September 2005

AbstractThe stability constants of the CuII chelates with the tripodal heptadentate ligand tris{2‐[(2‐pyridylmethyl)amino]ethyl}amine (=N′‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐N,N‐bis{2‐[(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino]ethyl}ethane‐1,2‐diamine; tpaa), determined by potentiometry and UV spectrometry, show the formation of [Cu(tpaaH)]3+ and [Cu(tpaa)]2+ species. In the solid state, two mononuclear CuII compounds, [Cu(tpaa)](PF6)2 (1) and [Cu(tpaaH)](ClO4)3⋅H2O (2), and one trinuclear [Cu3(tpaa)2(ClO4)2](ClO4)4⋅2 H2O (3) complex were isolated and characterized by IR, UV/VIS, and EPR spectroscopy. An X‐ray structure of the mononuclear protonated complex 2 shows that the Cu2+ ion has a distorted square‐pyramidal geometry (τ=0.21). and the proton is bound to the secondary‐amine function of one uncoordinated arm of the tripod ligand (Fig. 4). The crystal lattice for 2 is stabilized by the H‐bonds between the N‐atom of the free pyridinyl group with the proton of the free secondary‐amine function of the neighboring molecule. The linear trinuclear complex 3 consists of two entities of the pyramidal mononuclear complex 1 bound to the third central Cu2+ ion by the free unprotonated arms of the ligands in equatorial position (Fig. 5). The octahedral geometry of the third CuII atom is achieved by two perchlorate anions in the axial positions. The redox properties of 1–3 compounds was examined by cyclic voltammetry.