bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper Phosphoramidite‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of meso‐Cyclic Allylic Bisdiethyl Phosphates
Authors: Piarulli Umberto , Claverie Christelle , Daubos Philippe , Gennari Cesare , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Metal‐Bridged Polymers as Insoluble Multicomponent Asymmetric Catalysts with High Enantiocontrol: An Approach for the Immobilization of Catalysts Without Using Any Support.
Authors: Takizawa Shinobu , Somei Hidenori , Jayaprakash Doss , Sasai Hiroaki 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
CH2ReO3/H2O2 in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids: An Homogeneous Recyclable Catalytic System for the Baeyer—Villiger Reaction.
Authors: Bernini Roberta , Coratti Antonietta , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Goggiamani Antonella 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Relative ortho‐Directing Power of Fluorine, Chlorine and Methoxy Group for the Metalation Reaction in the Diazine Series. Diazines. Part 35.
Authors: Toudic Frederic , Turck Alain , Ple Nelly , Queguiner Guy , Darabantu Mircea , Lequeux Thierry , Pommelet Jean Claude 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1‐[2‐(2‐Hydroxyalkyl)phenyl]ethanone: A New Photoremovable Protecting Group for Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Atemnkeng Walters N. , Louisiana Larry D. II , Yong Promise K. , Vottero Breanne , Banerjee Anamitro 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reductive Esterification of Aromatic Aldehydes Using Zn/Ac2O/Imidazole or Zn/Yb(OTf)3/(RCO)2O System.
Authors: Hirao Toshikazu , Santhitikul Sirida , Takeuchi Hiroki , Ogawa Akiya , Sakurai Hidehiro 
Published: March 2004

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Multicomponent Reactions Involving Zwitterionic Intermediates for the Construction of Heterocyclic Systems: One‐Pot Synthesis of Aminofurans and Iminolactones.
Authors: Nair Vijay , Vinod A. Unni , Abhilash N. , Menon Rajeev S. , Santhi V. , Varma R. Luxmi , Viji S. , Mathew Saumini , Srinivas R. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Dimethyl‐{2‐[6‐substituted‐indol‐1‐yl]‐ethyl}‐amine as Potent, Selective, and Orally‐Bioavailable 5‐HT1D Agonists.
Authors: Isaac Methvin , et al. et al. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tripeptidyl‐Peptidase II (TPP II) Inhibitory Activity of (S)‐2,3‐Dihydro‐2‐(1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐1H‐indoles, a Systematic SAR Evaluation. Part 2.
Authors: Breslin Henry J. , Miskowski Tamara A. , Kukla Michael J. , De Winter Hans L. , Somers Maria V. F. , Roevens Peter W. M. , Kavash Robert W. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ureas of 5‐Aminopyrazole and 2‐Aminothiazole Inhibit Growth of Gram‐Positive Bacteria.
Authors: Kane John L. Jr. , Hirth Bradford H. , Liang Beirong , Gourlie Brian B. , Nahill Sharon , Barsomian Gary 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Novel 3‐Substituted‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,4‐dioxino[2,3‐b]pyridines as Potential New Scaffolds for Drug Discovery: Selective Introduction of Substituents on the Pyridine Ring.
Authors: Alcazar Jesus , Alonso Jose M. , Bartolome Jose M. , Iturrino Laura , Matesanz Encarnacion 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Quinolone Analogues. Part 6. Synthesis of 3‐Halogeno‐1‐methylpyridazino[3,4‐b]quinoxalin‐4(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Kurasawa Yoshihisa , Satoh Waka , Matsuzaki Izumi , Maesaki Yuka , Okamoto Yoshihisa , Kim Ho Sik 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of the Novel Heterocyclic System 3‐Phenyl‐3,4‐dihydrobenzimidazo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazine.
Authors: Labanauskas L. , Bucinskaite V. , Brukstus A. , Urbalis G. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Approach to Phosphinoalkynes Based on Pd‐ and Ni‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Terminal Alkynes with Chlorophosphanes.
Authors: Beletskaya Irina P. , Afanasiev Vladimir V. , Kazankova Marina A. , Efimova Irina V. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Novel Chalcone Analogues of Ferrocene Biarenes.
Authors: Song Qing‐Bao , Li Xiao‐Nian , Shen Tian‐Hua , Yang Shang‐Dong , Qiang Gen‐Rong , Wu Xiao‐Li , Ma Yong‐Xiang 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Lewis Acid Promoted Tandem Desulfurization and Hydroxylation of γ‐Phenylthio‐Substituted Lactams: Novel Synthetic Strategy of Isoindolobenzazepine Alkaloid, Chilenine.
Authors: Yoda Hidemi , Inoue Kei‐ichi , Ujihara Yasuaki , Mase Nobuyuki , Takabe Kunihiko 
Published: March 2004

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New 2‐Alkynyl Derivatives of the Acyclic Nucleoside 9‐(2,3‐Dihydroxypropyl)adenine and Their 6‐Guanidinopurine Counterparts as Potential Effectors of Adenosine Receptors.
Authors: Cesnek Michal , Holy Antonin , Masojidkova Milena 
Published: March 2004

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Trimethylsilyl Pentafluorophenylbis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)methide as a Super Lewis Acid Catalyst for the Condensation of Trimethylhydroquinone with Isophytol.
Authors: Hasegawa Aiko , Ishihara Kazuaki , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: March 2004

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Transition Metal Salts Catalysis in the Aerobic Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Thermochemical and Kinetic Aspects and New Synthetic Developments in the Presence of N‐Hydroxy Derivative Catalysts
Authors: Minisci Francesco , Recupero Francesco , Pedulli Gian Franco , Lucarini Marco 
Published: March 2004

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Lithium Mobility in Li1.2Ti1.8M0.2(PO4)3 Compounds (M: Al, Ga, Sc, In) as Followed by NMR and Impedance Spectroscopy.
Authors: Arbi K. , Lazarraga M. G. , Ben Hassen Chehimi D. , Ayadi‐Trabelsi M. , Rojo J. M. , Sanz J. 
Published: March 2004

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The Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (H2O)[Ge5O10] and [(CH3)4N][Ge10O20OH], Two Novel Porous Germanates.
Authors: Xu Yan , Fan Wei , Chino Naotaka , Uehara Kazuhiro , Hikichi Shirou , Mizuno Noritaka , Ogura Masaru , Okubo Tatsuya 
Published: March 2004

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Lanthanide Complexes Derived from (R)‐1,1′‐Binaphthyl‐2,2′‐bis(neopentylamine) — {Li(THF)4}{Ln [(R)‐C20H12N2 (C10H22)]2} (Ln: Sm, Yb) — Novel Catalysts for Enantioselective Intramolecular Hydroamination.
Authors: Collin Jacqueline , Daran Jean‐Claude , Schulz Emmanuelle , Trifonov Alexander 
Published: March 2004

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Oxidative Cyclization of 1‐Bromohexa‐1,5‐dien‐3‐ols: Easy Access to Cyclopentenones.
Authors: Mal Sajal Kanti , Ray Devalina , Ray Jayanta K. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Domino “Staudinger—Aza‐Wittig—1,5‐Phosphonium‐Rearrangement—Fragmentat ion” Reactions of 1‐Azido‐2‐hydroxy‐4,6‐dioxohexanes.
Authors: Langer Peter , Freifeld Ilia , Shojaei Heydar 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Cyclopropane Amino Acids Using Diazo Compounds Generated in situ.
Authors: Adams Luke A. , Aggarwal Varinder K. , Bonnert Roger V. , Bressel Bettina , Cox Russell J. , Shepherd Jon , de Vicente Javier , Walter Magnus , Whittingham William G. , Winn Caroline L. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Specific Nonpeptide Inhibitors of Puromycin‐Sensitive Aminopeptidase with a 2,4(1H,3H)‐Quinazolinedione Skeleton.
Authors: Kakuta Hiroki , Tanatani Aya , Nagasawa Kazuo , Hashimoto Yuichi 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Approach to the Synthesis of 1,3‐Chloroisothiocyanatoalkanes. Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐1,3‐thiazine‐2‐thiones and 2‐Alkylamino‐5,6‐dihydro‐1,3‐thiazines.
Authors: Fisyuk A. S. , Peretokin N. V. , Unkovsky B. V. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Bis(pinacolato)diboron with Vinyl Triflates β‐Substituted by a Carbonyl Group: Efficient Synthesis of β‐Boryl‐α,β‐unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds and Their Synthetic Utility.
Authors: Ishiyama Tatsuo , Takagi Jun , Kamon Akihiro , Miyaura Norio 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Molecular Structure of New Acyclic Analogues of Nucleotides with a 1,2‐Alkadienic Skeleton.
Authors: Brel Valery K. , Belsky Vitaly K. , Stash Adam I. , Zavodnik Valery E. , Stang Peter J. 
Published: March 2004

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Peculiarities of Li0.5La0.5TiO3 Formation During the Synthesis by Solid‐State Reaction or Precipitation from Solutions.
Authors: Belous Anatolii , Yanchevskiy Oleg , V'yunov Oleg , Bohnke Odile , Bohnke Claude , Le Berre Francoise , Fourquet Jean‐Louis 
Published: March 2004

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Two Different Three‐Dimensional Microporous Framework Structures in [Mn2(H2O)4{W (CN)8}×4H2O]n and [Mn2(H2O)4{W(CN)8} (OH)×2H2O]n.
Authors: Dong Wen , Sun Ya‐Qiu , Zhu Li‐Na , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Jiang Zong‐Hui , Yan Shi‐Ping , Cheng Peng 
Published: March 2004

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The Enantioselective Diethylzinc Addition to Imines Catalyzed by Chiral Cu(II)‐Oxazoline Complexes.
Authors: Li Xin , Cun Lin‐Feng , Gong Liu‐Zhu , Mi Ai‐Qiao , Jiang Yao‐Zhong 
Published: March 2004

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Recyclable and Selective Lewis Acid Catalysts for Transesterification and Direct Esterification in a Fluorous Biphase System: Tin(IV) and Hafnium(IV) Bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)amide Complexes.
Authors: Hao Xiuhua , Yoshida Akihiro , Nishikido Joji 
Published: March 2004

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Efficient Method for the Preparation of Primary, Inverted Secondary and Tertiary Alkyl Carboxylates from Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids by a New Type of Oxidation—Reduction Condensation Using Simple 1,4‐Benzoquinone.
Authors: Shintou Taichi , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: March 2004

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N‐Trialkylsilylimines as Coupling Partners for Pd‐Catalyzed C—N Bond‐Forming Reactions: One‐Step Synthesis of Imines and Azadienes from Aryl and Alkenyl Bromides.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Aznar Fernando , Valdes Carlos 
Published: March 2004

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A Novel 3,4‐Bis(sulfenyl)‐ or 4‐Selenenyl‐3‐sulfenylpenta‐2,4‐dienylation of Aldehydes Using 4‐Ethoxy‐1,2‐bis(sulfenyl)‐ or 1‐Selenenyl‐2‐sulfenylbuta‐1,3‐dienyl Lithiums.
Authors: Yoshimatsu Mitsuhiro , Matsuura Yasutaka , Gotoh Kohei 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Chiral Diamide Ligands Containing Redox‐Active Hydroquinone Groups. Synthesis and Results in the Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Diacetoxylation of 1,3‐Dienes.
Authors: Verboom Renzo C. , Plietker Bernd J. , Baeckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polar Substitutions in the Benzenesulfonamide Ring of Celecoxib Afford a Potent 1,5‐Diarylpyrazole Class of COX‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Singh Sunil K. , Reddy P. Ganapati , Rao K. Srinivasa , Lohray Braj B. , Misra P. , Rajjak Shaikh A. , Rao Yeleswarapu K. , Venkateswarlu A. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,2‐Diaryl‐1‐ethanone and Pyrazolo[4,3‐c]quinoline‐4‐one as Novel Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitors
Authors: Baruah Bipul , Dasu Kavitha , Vaitilingam Balasubramanian , Vanguri Akhila , Casturi Seshagiri Rao , Yeleswarapu Koteswar Rao 
Published: March 2004

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Modulation of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor and 5‐HT1A Antagonists Activity in 8‐Aza‐bicyclo[3.2.1]octane Derivatives of 2,3‐Dihydro‐1,4‐benzodioxane.
Authors: Gilbert Adam M. , Stack Gary P. , Nilakantan Ramaswamy , Kodah Jason , Tran Megan , Scerni Rosemary , Shi Xiaojie , Smith Deborah L. , Andree Terrance H. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of Fullerene C60 with 2‐Azido‐4,6‐diphenylpyrimidine.
Authors: Romanova I. P. , Yusupova G. G. , Yakhvarov D. G. , Larionova O. A. , Mochul'skaya N. N. , Sidorova L. P. , Charushin V. N. , Zverev V. V. , Sinyashin O. G. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Catalytic Highly Enantioselective Alkylation of Ketimines — A Novel Approach to Optically Active Quaternary α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Saaby Steen , Nakama Kimitaka , Lie Mette Alstrup , Hazell Rita G. , Joergensen Karl Anker 
Published: March 2004

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Ligand‐Free Palladium Catalyzed Heck Reaction of Methyl 2‐Acetamido Acrylate and Aryl Bromides as Key Step in the Synthesis of Enantiopure Substituted Phenylalanines.
Authors: Willians Charlotte E. , Mulders Jan M. C. A. , de Vries Johannes G. , de Vries Andre H. M. 
Published: March 2004

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Synthesis of Base Substituted 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐(purin‐9‐yl)propanoic Acids and 4‐(Purin‐9‐yl)‐3‐butenoic Acids.
Authors: Dolakova Petra , Masojidkova Milena , Holy Antonin 
Published: March 2004

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Synthesis and Biological Activity of Sulfur‐Containing Aryl‐Aldehyde Schiff Bases.
Authors: Jiang Jyh‐Jia , Chang Tsu‐Chung , Hsu Wen‐lin , Hwang Jing‐Min , Hsu Ling‐Yih 
Published: March 2004

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Cigarette advertising and female smoking prevalence in Spain, 1982–1997
Authors: Shafey Omar , Fernández Esteve , Thun Michael , Schiaffino Anna , Dolwick Suzanne , Cokkinides Vilma 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDCompared with northern Europe and the U.S., the widespread initiation of cigarette smoking began 20–40 years later among young women in Spain because of strong cultural prohibitions against female smoking. In this study, the authors examined the correlation between the rapid increase in female smoking prevalence and tobacco industry cigarette marketing practices in Spain during a period of rapid social liberalization.METHODSThe authors examined age‐specific, period‐specific, and birth cohort‐specific increases in cigarette smoking among young women in Spain in relation to internal documents from Philip Morris beginning in 1971, cigarette advertising from 1982 to 1997, and the increase in the market share of blond tobacco and “light” cigarettes preferred by women.RESULTSSome increase in cigarette smoking occurred among Spanish women before 1970, but the increase was substantially smaller and occurred later than in many Western countries. However, after 1970, the prevalence of cigarette smoking increased rapidly in Spanish women of all ages < 50 years. The rapid increase in female smoking coincided with massive increases in television advertising, especially to women, and increases in the market share of blond tobacco, “light cigarettes,” and international tobacco brands.CONCLUSIONSThe increase in cigarette smoking among young Spanish women illustrates how aggressive marketing can exploit periods of social liberalization and rapidly increase cigarette smoking among women, even in countries in which female smoking traditionally has been unacceptable. Strategies are needed to prevent similar increases in smoking by women elsewhere. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Racial differences in diagnosis, treatment, and clinical delays in a population‐based study of patients with newly diagnosed breast carcinoma
Authors: Gwyn Karin , Bondy Melissa L. , Cohen Deborah S. , Lund Mary Jo , Liff Jonathan M. , Flagg Elaine W. , Brinton Louise A. , Eley J. William , Coates Ralph J. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDFew studies have addressed the issue of whether delays in the interval between medical consultation and the diagnosis and treatment of breast carcinoma are greater for African American women than for white women. The authors examined differences with respect to these delays and analyzed the factors that may have contributed to such differences among women ages 20–54 years who had invasive breast carcinoma diagnosed between 1990 and 1992 and who lived in Atlanta, Georgia.METHODSA total of 251 African American women and 580 white women were interviewed and had their medical records reviewed. The authors estimated racial differences in delay times and used polytomous logistic regression to determine the contributions of various factors (socioeconomic and other) to these differences.RESULTSAlthough most women in both groups were treated within 3 months of initial consultation, 22.4% of African American women and 14.3% of white women had clinical delays of > 3 months. Compared with white women, African American women were more likely to experience delays in diagnosis and treatment. Access to care (as represented by method of detection and insurance status) and poverty index partially accounted for these differences in delay time; however, racial differences in terms of delayed treatment and diagnosis remained even after adjustment for contributing factors.CONCLUSIONSThe findings of the current study suggest that among women ages 20–54 years who have breast carcinoma, potentially clinically significant differences in terms of delayed diagnosis and treatment exist between African American women and white women. Improvements in access to care and in socioeconomic circumstances may address these differences to some degree, but additional research is needed to identify other contributing factors. Cancer 2004. Published 2004 American Cancer Society.
Monitoring of apoptosis in intact single cells with photothermal microscope
Authors: Lapotko Dmitri 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe methods for detection of apoptosis, cannot as a rule be applied to intact single cells and do not allow monitoring of the cell population. The photothermal (PT) method was evaluated for detection and monitoring of apoptosis in single intact cells—lymphocytes and blasts.MethodsPT microscopy is based on optical registration of cell response to the thermal impact that is induced in a cell due to absorption of a short laser pulse (532 nm, 10 ns) by cellular hem‐proteins. With no pretreatment of cells, optical detection of cellular response with this method may allow monitoring of apoptosis. The PT method was applied for in vitro studies of lymphocytes and K562 blast cells during drug‐induced apoptosis. Dexamethasone in 10 μM concentration was used and cell properties were monitored for 6 h.ResultsPT parameters of cells deviated from control after incubation with Dexamethasone. Control measurements with fluorescent microscopy (using the Annexin‐V‐FLUOS kit) verified the development of apoptosis in drug‐treated cells, while there was no development of necrosis. Also necrotic cells had PT properties similar to those of control cells. The PT method allowed the detection of the influence of Dexamethasone at earlier stages (2‐hr incubation) than the fluorescent technique (4 h).ConclusionsResults obtained confirmed the applicability of PT microscopy for detection and monitoring of apoptosis in single intact cells. The sensitivity of the suggested method may exceed the sensitivity of fluorescent methods. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Absence of cross‐reactivity between murine Ly‐6C and Ly‐6G
Authors: Nagendra Sanjai , Schlueter Annette J. 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBackgroundThe Ly‐6 family has many members, including Ly‐6C and Ly‐6G. A previous study suggested that the anti‐Ly‐6G antibody, RB6‐8C5, may react with Ly‐6Chi murine bone marrow (BM) cells. This finding has been interpreted as cross‐reactivity of RB6‐8C5 with the Ly‐6C antigen, and has been generalized to many hematopoietic cell types, using the terminology Ly‐6G/C. The present study was undertaken to determine whether anti‐Ly‐6G antibodies truly cross‐react with the Ly‐6C antigen on multiple hematopoietic cell types.MethodsSplenocytes, thymocytes, and BM cells obtained from Ly‐6.1 and Ly‐6.2 strains of mice were stained with a variety of antibodies to Ly‐6C and Ly‐6G. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on these populations.ResultsEvaluation of anti‐Ly‐6C and anti‐Ly‐6G staining showed only Ly‐6C expression and no Ly‐6G expression on subsets of splenic T and B cells and thymocytes from Ly‐6.1 and Ly‐6.2 mice. Bone marrow cells were identified that express both Ly‐6G and Ly‐6C; no Ly‐6G+Ly‐6C− populations were seen.ConclusionsMultiple Ly‐6C+ hematopoietic cell populations were identified that do not stain with anti‐Ly‐6G antibodies. This calls into question the use of the Ly‐6G/C nomenclature and suggests that epitopes recognized by anti‐Ly‐6G antibodies should simply be designated Ly‐6G. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Paint‐assisted microdissection‐FISH: Rapid and simple mapping of translocation breakpoints in the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD
Authors: Roberts Ian , Foster Nicola , Nacheva Elisabeth , Coleman Nicholas 
Published: March 2004

AbstractBackgroundSpectral karyotyping and multiple fluorophore fluorescence in situ hybridisation (M‐FISH) facilitate identification of inter‐chromosomal rearrangements, but are of low cytogenetic resolution in mapping translocation breakpoints. Reverse chromosome painting yields increased cytogenetic information but isolation of aberrant chromosomes is technically difficult. We have developed the technique of paint‐assisted microdissection FISH (PAM‐FISH), which enables microdissection of aberrant chromosomes to be carried out easily and rapidly using relatively simple apparatus.MethodsA selected chromosome paint is hybridised to abnormal metaphases to label a chromosome of interest, which is then microdissected, amplified, labelled by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and reverse painted onto extended normal metaphases.ResultsPAM‐FISH was used to reassess structural chromosomal abnormalities identified by molecular cytogenetics in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD. PAM‐FISH improved the analysis of virtually all structural abnormalities, identifying six novel translocations and indicating that seven previously described rearrangements were in fact not present in RD. Accuracy of the breakpoint mapping obtained was confirmed by bacterial artificial chromosome‐FISH.ConclusionsPAM‐FISH is ideally suited to analysis of tumour metaphases as it is not affected by poor chromosome morphology. Reagents generated by PAM‐FISH are also suitable for other investigations, such as mapping using sequence tagged‐site PCR or genomic microarrays. PAM‐FISH is technically straightforward and could readily be adopted in a routine cytogenetics laboratory for accurate high‐throughput analysis of chromosome breakpoints. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.