bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of trifold‐labeled versatile reagent [3,5‐13C2,4‐15 N]4‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione
Authors: Bourgeois Frederic , Höller Ulrich , Netscher Thomas 
Published: November 2023

Triazolinediones are an important class of derivatization agents that have found application in various research disciplines. Their unique reactivity often allows precise and selective tagging of relevant molecular scaffolds to facilitate structural elucidation, tracking in biological systems, and stabilization of labile compounds. Recent research efforts mainly focused on the development of novel fluorescent and ionizable or isotopically labeled tags improving the quantification and identification of the parent molecule by suitable analytical methods. However, these concepts often lack the ability to improve properties facilitating the analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We herein describe the first synthesis of 13C and 15N labeled [3,5‐13C2,4‐15 N]4‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazoline‐3,5‐dione utilizing the Cookson/Zinner–Deucker synthesis of urazoles. The introduced isotopic labels are ideally suited to support the structural elucidation of unknown and complex derivatization mixtures by NMR, thereby exploiting the increased sensitivity of detecting long‐range JHC and additional JCC and JCN couplings within the derivatized compounds of interest.
Continuously wavelength tunable, continuous wave laser ideal for UV Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Roppel Ryan D. , Asher Sanford A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe utilize a novel, high‐power, tunable, continuous wave (CW) deep UV laser to measure resonance Raman spectra of phenolate solutions with high signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR). In UV resonance Raman (UVRR), increased coupling of the excitation light with a chromophore can transfer molecules into excited states that cause increased heating and photochemistry. Deep UV lasers have traditionally utilized high peak powers to enable efficient single‐pass nonlinear conversion from visible into near infrared light. Nonlinear phenomena such as the formation of transient radical species, Raman saturation, thermal heating, and dielectric breakdown can introduce extraneous light sources that can complicate the interpretation of the Raman spectrum. Dielectric breakdown can increase the baseline, increase noise, and sometimes saturate the detector, preventing Raman detection. Spontaneous Raman scattering intensities should scale linearly with the excitation light intensity. However, this linear behavior does not always occur with pulsed laser excitation. This occurs because stimulated Raman scattering can cause a superlinear intensity response, or transient absorption can cause sublinear intensity responses. CW laser excitation excites samples with electric fields that are much lower than typical pulsed laser excitation. This eliminates the nonlinear responses. The geometry of our new CW laser enables high gain in the harmonic generation cavities that achieve high harmonic generation efficiencies. Average power in the deep UV is >30 mW for wavelengths as short as 206 nm. In the work here, we demonstrate that CW excitation is ideal for resonance Raman measurements in general to reduce spectral complexity.
Self‐assembled pea vicilin nanoparticles as nanocarriers for improving the antioxidant activity, environmental stability and sustained‐release property of curcumin
Authors: Liu Huihui , Wang Zijun , Xu Jingjing , Ji Fuyun , Luo Shuizhong , Zhong Xiyang , Zhao Yanyan , Zheng Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of curcumin (Cur) in the food industry is usually limited by its low water solubility and poor stability. This study aimed to fabricate self‐assembled nanoparticles using pea vicilin (7S) through a pH‐shifting method (pH 7–pH 12–pH 7) to develop water‐soluble nanocarriers of Cur.RESULTSIntrinsic fluorescence, far‐UV circular dichroism spectra and transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the structure of 7S could be unfolded at pH 12.0 and refolded when the pH shifted to 7.0. The assembled 7S–Cur exhibited a high loading ability of 81.63 μg mg−1 for Cur and homogeneous particle distribution. Cur was encapsulated in the 7S hydrophobic nucleus in an amorphous form and combined through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding, resulting in the static fluorescence quenching of 7S. Compared with free Cur, the retention rates of Cur in 7S–Cur were approximately 1.12 and 1.70 times higher under UV exposure at 365 nm or heating at 75 °C for 120 min, respectively, as well as 7S–Cur showing approximately 1.50 times higher antioxidant activity. During simulated gastrointestinal experiments, 7S–Cur exhibited a better sustained‐release property than free Cur.CONCLUSIONThe self‐assembled 7S nanocarriers prepared using a pH‐shifting method effectively improved the antioxidant activity, environmental stability and sustained‐release property of Cur. Therefore, 7S isolated from pea protein could be used as potential nanocarriers for Cur. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Use of sensory and physico‐chemical parameters to understand consumer perception of attiéké, a fermented cassava product
Authors: Diby N'Nan A. Sylvie , Deffan Kahndo Prudence , Adinsi Laurent , Bechoff Aurélie , Kanon Alban Landry , Bouniol Alexandre , Yapi Yapi Eric , Deuscher Zoé , Bugaud Christophe , N'Zué Boni , Ebah Djedji Catherine Bomoh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCassava breeding research programs focused initially on agronomic performance but in recent years they have considered the processability and the organoleptic properties of the final product, to increase the adoption of new varieties. One important cassava foodstuff is attiéké, a fermented and granular product, so it is necessary to determine criteria used by attiéké processors to select raw cassava and the characteristics leading consumers to like this product. This study assessed the attiéké production process, the criteria associated with the quality of attiéké, the sensory drivers of consumer acceptance, and their thresholds.ResultsThe total processing yield of attiéké varied according to the cassava variety and depended primarily on the fermentation‐pressing yield. However, it was not correlated either with the peeling yield or with morphological characteristics of cassava roots. The production of a ton of attiéké required about 150 h. Dry matter, organic acids, soluble sugars, total pectin, and the pH of raw material and attiéké varied depending on the cassava variety. Ten discriminating sensory attributes of attiéké were identified. Consumer testing showed that overall liking for attiéké was associated with sourness, texture, and brightness. Acceptable sensory score thresholds were 1.67–2.18 for sour odor, 4.75 to 6.3 for cohesiveness, and 5.4 to 6.3 for ‘mouthfeel sensation’. Attiéké dry matter correlated positively with cohesiveness and moldability.ConclusionsSeveral potential solutions are discussed to improve the adoption of cassava varieties for attiéké production. However, further studies need to be carried out to translate the sensory thresholds of texture attributes into robust instrumental methods because texture is an important attribute of attiéké in addition to sourness. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Characterization of rusk incorporated with black rice (Oryza sativa L.) for its physicochemical and functional properties, in‐vitro starch digestibility, and anti‐inflammatory efficacy
Authors: Kumari Rashim , Gupta Mahesh 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe consumption of bakery goods is gradually increasing due to their accessibility, convenience, distinctive flavor, and affordability. The food industry is experimenting with novel methods of fortification, supplementation, enrichment, and adding value to bakery ingredients. The present investigation assessed the physicochemical, morphological, and sensorial properties, and anti‐inflammatory efficacy of rusks with black rice incorporated.RESULTSThe addition of black rice flour significantly increased (P < 0.05) the total ash (from 1.34 to 1.78 g·kg−1), crude protein (from 5.68 to 75 g·kg−1), and total fat (from 11.93 to 12.80 g·kg−1) content but the carbohydrate content of the rusk decreased significantly (from 76.23 to 71.42 g·kg−1). Similarly, the phenolic and flavonoid content increased and showed excellent free‐radical scavenging activity after black rice incorporation. The inclusion of black rice flour led to improved functional properties while decreasing the rate of starch digestion and the eGlycemic Index (eGI) score. The sensory scores declined after black rice incorporation but for all rusk samples acceptability was above the lowest level (i.e., ≥5).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that the incorporation of black rice flour into refined wheat flour can enhance the nutritional value of rusk and that it is possible to prepare rusk and other bakery goods using up to 30% black rice with taste and other sensory attributes similar to control rusk. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The potential of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice to fill the nutritional Zn intake gap in China
Authors: Liu Lu , Melse‐Boonstra Alida , van der Werf Wopke , Zhang Fusuo , Cong Wen‐Feng , Stomph Tjeerd jan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDZinc (Zn) deficiency in humans is of worldwide concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the Zn intake gap in Chinese adults and identify the potential role of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice, including crop nutrient management and breeding, in filling the gap.RESULTSWe use data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2011 to identify food consumption patterns and dietary Zn intake of 4512 adults to define and quantify the Zn intake gap in the population. The dietary Zn intake gap of surveyed adults ranged from −0.8 to 6.53 mg day−1 across nine provinces and differences were associated with differences in food consumption patterns. Both dietary Zn intake and Zn gap for males were higher than for females. The potential of changes in five management strategies (improved nitrogen fertilization, improved phosphorus fertilization, foliar Zn fertilization, improved water management and growing varieties reaching the grain Zn breeding target) was analyzed. Breeding and foliar Zn fertilization were shown to be the two most effective management strategies that could increase dietary intake by 1.29 to 5 mg Zn day−1 dependent on sex and province.CONCLUSIONThis study shows that the Zn gap varied across regions in China, with some large enough to warrant interventions. Wheat and rice as two major Zn sources could be targeted without a direct need for dietary diversification. By promoting both biofortification breeding of wheat and rice and Zn fertilization, dietary Zn intake could be enhanced to contribute to human health improvement in China. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Delayed esophagectomy for adenocarcinoma is associated with a negative impact on long‐term survival and an increased risk of perioperative morbidity
Authors: Huang Valerie P. , Ding Li , Kim Anthony W. , Wightman Sean C. , Atay Scott M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveDelayed esophagectomy (DE) following chemoradiation therapy (CXRT) for esophageal carcinoma is undertaken in selected patients. This study aimed to assess both short‐term outcomes and long‐term survival for patients with adenocarcinoma undergoing DE.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical stage II–III esophageal adenocarcinoma undergoing esophagectomy after CXRT. Patients were categorized as (1) DE, ≥90 days between completion of CXRT and surgery or (2) nondelayed esophagectomy (NDE), <90 days. Cox regression was performed to identify factors associated with mortality.ResultsA total of 8157 patients met criteria. Age >69, nonwhite race, Medicare/Medicaid insured patients preferentially underwent DE. Five‐year overall survival (OS) favored NDE (36% vs. 31%, p = 0.008). Cox regression identified DE, clinical stage >T2, or >N0 as factors associated with mortality. Within the DE group, OS favored early cT‐status. DE fared worse than NDE in 30‐ and 90‐day mortality (4.5%/11.1% vs. 2.9%/6.5%, p < 0.01/p < 0.001) and margin positive resection (7.1% vs. 4.2%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFor esophageal adenocarcinoma, DE is associated with decreased OS compared to NDE. For DE, cT‐status is prognostic for OS, while cN‐status was not. Increased 30‐/90‐day mortality and margin positive resection rates for DE question whether patients with locally advanced (cT3/T4) primary esophageal adenocarcinoma should undergo intentional DE.
The efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants compared with low‐molecular‐weight heparin for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after surgical resection of primary lower extremity bone or soft‐tissue sarcoma
Authors: LiBrizzi Christa L. , Agarwal Amil R. , Chiu Anthony K. , Morris Carol D. , Thakkar Savyasachi C. , Levin Adam S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) and wound complications is greater after sarcoma resection. We sought to identify differences in postoperative VTE and bleeding complications with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) following resection of lower extremity primary bone or soft tissue sarcoma.MethodsWe retrospectively identified 2083 patients from the PearlDiver database who underwent resection of primary bone or soft tissue sarcoma of the lower extremity from January 2010 to October 2021 and prescribed LMWH or DOAC within 90‐days postoperatively. The primary outcomes were comparison of postoperative incidence and odds of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and bleeding complications within 90‐days following resection.ResultsPatients prescribed DOACs had a greater odds of DVT (odds ratio [OR]: 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–2.41; p = 0.024) and PE (OR: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.96–5.86; p < 0.001) within 90‐days following resection of bone sarcoma when compared with the LMWH cohort. Patients undergoing resection of soft tissue sarcomas also had greater odds DVT (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.09–2.49; p = 0.016) and PE (OR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.52–4.54; p < 0.001) in the DOAC cohort. There was no difference in the odds of bleeding complications.ConclusionThis study demonstrated an increased incidence and odds of VTE, but not bleeding complications, when using DOACs versus LMWH after primary bone or soft tissue sarcoma resection.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
A preliminary analysis of patient reported outcomes following posterolateral mandible reconstruction: The role of flap type
Authors: Cohen Zack , Zhang Kevin K. , Kim Minji , Haglich Kathryn , Woods Jack , Monge Jasmine , Matros Evan , Boyle Jay O. , McCarthy Colleen , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Cohen Marc A. , Shahzad Farooq , Nelson Jonas A. , Allen Robert J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe choice of tissue type for free flap reconstruction of posterolateral mandible resections is dependent on patient and defect characteristics. We compared clinical and patient‐reported outcomes following reconstruction of these defects with a soft tissue or bony free flap.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on patients who underwent posterolateral segmental mandibulectomy with immediate free flap reconstruction at MSKCC from 2006 to 2021. Outcomes of interest were patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) assessed by FACE‐Q surveys and complications at the flap recipient site.ResultsNinety patients received a bony flap and 24 patients received a soft tissue flap. Patients reconstructed with soft tissue flaps had greater rates of composite soft tissue defects (p < 0.0001), condyle resection (p = 0.001), and peripheral vascular disease (p = 0.035). Complication rates were similar between the cohorts (p > 0.05). Bony flaps scored higher on multiple FACE‐Q scales: Facial Appearance (p = 0.023) Eating/Drinking (p = 0.029), Smiling (p = 0.012), Speaking (p < 0.001), Swallowing (p = 0.012), Smiling Distress (p = 0.037), and Speaking Distress (p = 0.001).ConclusionReconstruction of posterolateral mandibular defects has a similar complication profile when utilizing a bony or soft tissue free flap. Bony flaps may perform better with respect to PROMs. Reconstructive surgeons should consider using bony flap reconstruction to achieve higher patient satisfaction and quality of life.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: Demographics and outcomes associated with surgery and radiotherapy
Authors: Larkins Michael C. , Pasli Melisa , Bhatt Arjun , Burke Aidan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSquamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is a rare disease composing 2%−5% of all bladder cancers with no consensus regarding treatment. The present study aims to analyze the outcomes of established treatments, namely chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery, to guide clinical decision‐making for patients with non‐schistosomal SCCB.MethodsPatients with bladder SCC diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 were reviewed utilizing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registry (SEER) program.ResultsA total of 5653 patients with SCCB were identified; median survival was 13 months and was significantly decreased in patients treated with chemotherapy or radiation (median survival of 9 or 12 months, respectively). Patients treated with both surgery and radiotherapy saw a decreased 5 year overall survival (OS) of 14%, compared to 35% for those treated with surgery alone (p < 0.01). Furthermore, patients treated with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy saw a decreased 5 year OS of 20%, compared with 25% for those that received surgery and chemotherapy only (p < 0.01). Finally, surgical intervention provided an increased 5 year OS for patients with locoregional disease only; those with distant disease saw no increase in 5 year OS (p < 0.01).ConclusionsBased on this study's analysis, radical surgery may be the most effective treatment for this disease.
Contrasting management paradigms for pronghorn in the arid Southwest and their northern range: a review
Authors: Bean William T. , Butterfield H. Scott , Fiehler Craig , Hacker David , Howard Jeanette K. , Namitz Russell , Swanson Brandon , Batter Thomas J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPronghorn (Antilocapra americana), a symbol of western North America, experienced diverging population trajectories since the mid‐twentieth century, with northern populations showing signs of recovery while those in the arid Southwest have struggled to persist. We conducted a systematic literature review of papers published through August 2023 to understand 3 questions. What are the habitat conditions needed for pronghorn to persist? What management actions can be taken to foster higher quality habitat? Do these actions differ for populations in the arid Southwest compared to their northern counterparts? Although the fundamental habitat requirements for pronghorn persistence have remained constant since the early 2000s, it has become clear that precipitation is a key factor influencing pronghorn populations in the arid Southwest. The precise mechanisms by which precipitation influences pronghorn population dynamics are not yet clear, whether through the availability of free water, by affecting forage quality, or indirectly via predator‐prey dynamics. Although range‐wide forage enhancement may be impractical, providing additional free water sources could facilitate greater movement, enabling pronghorn to access more and higher quality forage and areas with lower predation risk. To clarify how pronghorn persisted for thousands of years in this harsh environment, we must gain a better understanding of their historical metapopulation and migratory behaviors in the arid Southwest.
Grizzly bear responses to restrictions of recreation in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Loggers Elise A. , Litt Andrea R. , van Manen Frank T. , Haroldson Mark A. , Gunther Kerry A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAvoiding humans will be more difficult and energetically costly for animals as outdoor recreation increases and people venture farther into wildland areas that provide high‐quality habitat for wildlife. Restricting human access can be an attractive management tool to mitigate effects of human recreation activities on wildlife; however, the efficacy of such measures is rarely assessed. In 1982, Yellowstone National Park identified areas important to grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) to help protect critical grizzly bear habitat and reduce the likelihood of human injuries by bears. Referred to as bear management areas (BMAs), human access is restricted in these areas for 2–8 months each year, with timing and type of restrictions varying by area. We examined 2 datasets to evaluate grizzly bear selection of BMAs and differences of bear density in BMAs and non‐BMAs. First, we used 17 years of recent global positioning system telemetry data for grizzly bears to assess their selection of BMAs during periods when human access was allowed, and when access was restricted. We used step‐selection functions to test the hypothesis that bears spend time in places that allow them to avoid people and select quality food sources. There was support that grizzly bears differentially select for BMAs regardless of whether human access was restricted at the time, compared with areas outside BMAs, and that selection changed with sex and season. Only males during the summer and hyperphagic seasons changed their selection of BMAs based on whether access restrictions were in place, and overall, male bears preferred unrestricted BMAs (BMAs without restrictions in place). Females preferentially selected BMAs regardless of whether the area had access restrictions in place only during the mating season. Individuals varied widely in their preference for BMAs and access restrictions. Bears likely choose to spend time in BMAs based on available food resources rather than restrictions to human access. Supporting this interpretation, our analyses indicated that a greater proportion of BMA in an area was associated with higher densities of grizzly bear. Thus, restrictions to human access likely help reduce the potential for human–bear interactions, accomplishing one of the original objectives for establishing the BMAs.