bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pocket pain following spinal cord stimulator generator implantation: A narrative review of this under‐reported risk
Authors: Burke Lindsay , Desai Mehul J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well‐established treatment option for chronic pain. Pain over the implantable pulse generator, or pocket pain, is an incompletely understood risk of SCS implantation which may limit the efficacy of treatment and patient quality of life. The goal of this narrative review is to analyze the literature to gain a more thorough understanding of the incidence and risk factors for the development of pocket pain to help guide treatment options and minimize its occurrence in the future.MethodsA literature review was conducted investigating the development of pocket pain in patients with SCS for the management of a variety of pain conditions.ResultsIn total, 305 articles were included in the original database search and 50 met the criteria for inclusion. The highest level of evidence for papers that specifically investigated pocket pain was level III. Four retrospective, observational analyses included pocket pain as a primary outcome. The remainder of the included studies listed pocket pain as an adverse event of SCS implantation.ConclusionsThere is a relative dearth of primary literature that examines the incidence, characteristics, and health economic implications of pocket pain in patients with SCS. This highlights the need for large‐scale, high‐quality prospective or randomized controlled trials examining pocket pain. This may ultimately help prevent and reduce pocket pain leading to improved efficacy of treatment and greater patient quality of life.
Differential aggressiveness of Austropuccinia psidii isolates from guava and rose apple upon cross‐inoculation
Authors: Morales João V. P. , Boufleur Thaís R. , Gonçalves Manoel P. , Parisi Marise C. M. , Loehrer Marco , Schaffrath Ulrich , Amorim Lilian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMyrtle rust, caused by Austropuccinia psidii, has been associated with more than 480 plant species belonging to the family Myrtaceae. Intraspecific variability in pathogenicity has been reported among isolates of A. psidii from different hosts. However, there are few studies that have comparatively quantified the disease in guava (Psidium guajava) and rose apple (Syzygium jambos). The objective of this work was to quantify the pathogenic variability of A. psidii isolates collected from guava and rose apple in Brazil and to investigate the mechanisms of infection and colonization of the pathogen at the cellular level. The monocyclic components of the rust disease were evaluated on young leaves of rose apple and guava plants cross‐inoculated with isolates from rose apple and guava. Pathogenic specialization of both A. psidii isolates for their respective hosts was confirmed in this work. The guava A. psidii isolate was able to infect and colonize rose apple leaf tissues but no sporulation occurred. Similarly, the rose apple A. psidii isolate infected guava plants but did not sporulate. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that lobed haustoria were present within rose apple leaves at 2 days post‐inoculation (dpi) with both isolates, which resulted in intense mesophyll colonization for both interactions at 9 dpi. The latter is remarkable because infection of rose apple with the guava A. psidii isolate did not result in mature rust pustules.
The prevalence and risk of depression in aged COVID‐19 survivors: a bibliometric and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lu Yangguang , Lou Jialing , Yu Bohuai , Bu Yiran , Ni Feitian , Lu Di 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo explore depression prevalence and related risk factors among elderly coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) survivors, while also evaluating research characteristics. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CNKI and Wanfang Data for studies that reported COVID‐19 and depression in older adults. ‘Bibliometrix’ facilitated bibliometric analysis and information visualisation. Random‐effects models merged depression prevalence and relevant risks. Publication bias and its impact were examined using funnel plots, Begg's test, Egger's linear regression, and trim‐and‐fill method. Meta‐regression, bubble plots, and Baujat plots probed heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis applied the leave‐one‐out method. The study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023417706. The bibliometric analysis comprised 138 studies. Publication frequency peaked in the US, China, and Italy, reflecting significant growth. The meta‐analysis comprised 43 studies. Elderly COVID‐19 patients exhibit 28.33% depression prevalence (95% CI: 21.24–35.97). Severe cases (43.91%, 95% CI: 32.28–55.88) experienced higher depression prevalence than mild cases (16.45%, 95% CI: 11.92–21.50). Sex had no depression prevalence impact based on bubble plots. Notably, depression risk did not significantly differ between elderly and young COVID‐19 patients (odds ratio (OR) = 1.1808, 95% CI: 0.7323–1.9038). However, COVID‐19 infection emerged as a substantial elderly depression risk factor (OR = 1.8521, 95% CI: 1.2877–2.6639). Sensitivity analysis confirmed result robustness. Elderly COVID‐19 survivors are likely to develop depression symptoms with regional variations. Severe cases are associated with heightened depression prevalence. COVID‐19 infection stands out as a key elderly depression risk factor, while sex does not influence prevalence. The field's expansion necessitates sustained collaboration and extensive research endeavours.
Do stigma and efficacy mediate the association between training and suicide prevention behavior among Army noncommissioned officers?
Authors: Brooks Holliday Stephanie , Ayer Lynsay , Beckman Robin , Jaycox Lisa H. , Agniel Denis , Elinoff Daniel , Ramchand Rajeev , Hoch Emily , Wagner Lisa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIntroductionRates of suicide in the Active Component of the military have significantly increased since 2010, with particularly high rates among Army service members. One element of the Army's approach to suicide prevention relies on noncommissioned officers (NCOs) as gatekeepers who have regular contact with soldiers. NCOs receive suicide prevention training, but there is limited evidence that such training leads to behavior change.MethodsWe surveyed 2468 Army NCOs participating in leadership development courses to determine (a) if training on suicide prevention and soft skills (e.g., active listening) was associated with gatekeeper behavior and use of soft skills; and (b) whether that association was explained by two potential barriers, stigma and perceptions of efficacy.ResultsBoth the number of suicide prevention training topics and soft skills trained were associated with increased gatekeeper behavior; these relationships were explained in part by lower stigma and higher efficacy for use of soft skills. The use of interactive training methods and receiving coaching after training were not associated with stigma or efficacy, though both methods were associated with more frequent use of soft skills.ConclusionResults suggest that the content and format of training is important to preparing NCOs to fulfill a gatekeeper role.
Exploration of the biomarkers of comorbidity of psoriasis with inflammatory bowel disease and their association with immune infiltration
Authors: Ding Rui‐Lian , Zheng Yu , Bu Jin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere was evidence that significant bidirectional associations between psoriasis and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which influences management strategy of the patients, so the investigation on the mechanisms by which these two diseases co‐occur is important.MethodsThe Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to download gene expression profiles of psoriasis and IBD. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between disease and health control groups for each data set were calculated, and Venn diagram was used to obtain for intersection. We performed Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis on the intersection, followed by developing a protein–protein interaction network and module construction, and identified hub genes by cytoHubba. Thereafter, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithms was used to identify the co‐biomarkers of psoriasis and IBD from the top 50 hub genes. The biomarkers were used to construct a screening model, the discriminatory capacity of which was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to estimate the compositional patterns of immune cell infiltration in biomarkers of psoriasis and IBD. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to further evaluate the correlation between the identified biomarkers and immune cells.ResultsA total of 271 shared DEGs were screened. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the shared DEGs were mainly enriched in response to lipopolysaccharide, secretory granule lumen, cytokine activity, and interleukin (IL)‐17 signaling pathway. Fifty genes such as IL1B, IL6, were identified as hub genes, based on which, FOS, IFI44, MMP9, MNDA, PTGS2, S100A9, and STAT1 were identified as biomarkers of psoriasis. CCL20, CD274, CTGF, CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL2, CXCL9, FCGR3B, FOS, GBP1, GZMB, IFI27, IFI6, IL1RN, ISG15, ISG20, LCN2, LILRB2, MMP12, MMP7, S100A8, TLR8, and TNFSF13B were identified as biomarkers of IBD. FOS was the common biomarker of psoriasis and IBD. Screening models were validated in the validation data set (Psoriasis: area under the curve (AUC) = 1.000, IBD: AUC = 0.870). Immunocyte infiltration analysis showed the macrophages cells, mast cells resting, and T cells CD4 memory activated have the common characteristics in psoriasis and IBD.ConclusionsFOS may play a key role in the occurrence and development of psoriasis complicated with IBD and macrophages cells may be an entrance for treating this comorbidity.
Combination of dimethylmethoxy chromanol and turmeric root extract synergically attenuates ultraviolet‐induced oxidative damage by increasing endogenous antioxidants in HaCaT cells
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Zhong Ye , Li Nihong , Du Le , Ye Rui , Xie Yicheng , Hu Fan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRepeated exposure to UV generates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damages the enzymatic antioxidant defense system including quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in skin. Topical application of antioxidants may prevent the undesired damage of cellular proteins, lipids and DNA in skin. Dimethylmethoxy chromanol (DMC) is a bioinspired molecule, designed to be a structural analog to the γ–tocopherol that is naturally present in vegetables and plants. Turmeric root extract (TRE) is from a plant in South Asia extensively used as a food spice & vegetable, and its main components are turmerones. As both DMC and TRE are strong antioxidants with complementary antioxidation mechanisms, the aim of this study was to investigate the enhanced protective effects of their combination on oxidative damage in HaCaT cells following UVB exposure.Materials and methodsThe effects of single and combined administrations of DMC and TRE on the SOD activity of HaCaT cells were evaluated by the SOD assay and qPCR. The NQO1 expression in the UVB‐treated HaCaT cells was analyzed by the Western Blot. Furthermore, a clinical test involving 24 subjects was conducted to evaluate the in vivo antioxidation efficacies of the serum formulated with the combination of DMC and TRE at the optimal weight ratio.ResultsSOD assay showed that pretreating DMC or TRE alone could not preserve the impaired HaCaT SOD activity after UVB treatment. DMC and TRE at 1:1 weight ratio was the optimal combination to enhance the HaCaT SOD activity by approximately more than 1‐fold compared with either of the single treated groups. No enhancement effect was observed at other mixing ratios. The 1:1 weight ratio was further proved to be optimal as this combination boosted the NQO1 expression by more than 50%, whereas no boosting effect was observed at other mixing ratios. The clinical test of the serum containing this optimal antioxidant combination demonstrated promising in vivo antioxidation efficacies after 4‐week use, including 7.16% improvement in skin lightening, 18.29% reduction in skin redness, 35.68% decrease in TEWL, 19.05% increase in skin gloss and 32.04% enhancement in skin firmness.ConclusionCollectively, our results indicated that the combination of DMC and TRE at 1:1 weight ratio attenuated the UV‐induced oxidative damage by synergistically boosting endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity in HaCaT cells. Therefore, this optimal antioxidant combination is a promising treatment to boost skin antioxidation defense system.
A comparative study of Glinka and Neuber approaches for fatigue strength assessment on 42CrMoS4‐QT specimens
Authors: Thumann Philipp , Buchner Stefan , Marburg Steffen , Wagner Marcus 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn fatigue strength assessment, the methods based on ideal elastic stresses according to Basquin and the less established method based on elastic‐plastic stress quantities according to Manson, Coffin and Morrow are applied. The former calculates loads using linear‐elastic stresses, the latter requires elastic‐plastic evaluation parameters, such as stresses and strains. These can be determined by finite element analysis (FEA) with a linear‐elastic constitutive law, and subsequent conversion to elastic‐plastic loads, using the macro support formula by Neuber. In this contribution, an alternative approach to approximate elastic‐plastic parameters proposed by Glinka is compared to the the strain‐life method using Neuber's formula, as well as the stress‐life method of Basquin. Several component tests on 42CrMoS4‐QT specimens are investigated. To determine the input data for the fatigue strength evaluations, the entire test setup is computed by FEA. The nodal displacements from these validated full‐model simulations are used as boundary conditions for a submodel simulation of a notch, whose results serve as input for the fatigue strength assessments. It is shown that all approaches provide a reliable assessment of components. Our key result is that the strain‐life method using the concept by Glinka for notch stress computation, yields improved results in fatigue strength assessments.
The continuity equation for Hermitian metrics: Calabi estimates, Chern scalar curvature, and Oeljeklaus–Toma manifolds
Authors: Liang Shuang , Shen Xi Sisi , Smith Kevin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe prove local Calabi and higher order estimates for solutions to the continuity equation introduced by La Nave–Tian and extended to Hermitian metrics by Sherman–Weinkove. We apply the estimates to show that on a compact complex manifold, the Chern scalar curvature of a solution must blow up at a finite‐time singularity. Additionally, starting from certain classes of initial data on Oeljeklaus–Toma manifolds, we prove Gromov–Hausdorff and smooth convergence of the metric to a particular nonnegative (1,1)‐form as .
Design Optimization of Blade Tip in Subsonic and Transonic Turbine Stages—Part I: Stage Design and Preliminary Tip Optimization
Authors: Duan P. H. , He L. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Rotor blade tip has significant influence on turbine stage aerodynamics and heat transfer. Most previous efforts have been based on low-speed cascade settings. However, more recent research on transonic blade tips exhibits distinctive flow features with qualitatively different performance sensitivities. These prompt two key issues of interest on the related flow conditioning. First, the contrast between a low-speed flow and a transonic regime highlights the less studied high-subsonic flow regime, closely relevant to many realistic turbine designs. Second, the relative casing movement and upstream inflow conditions, known to have non-negligible effects, indicate the need to examine a rotor blade tip in a realistic stator–rotor stage environment, which is also lacking. To elaborate the Mach number effect in the flow regimes of practical interest, we aim to examine a high subsonic stage in a direct and consistent comparison with a transonic one. To this end, a high subsonic stage (exit Mach number of 0.7) and a transonic (exit Mach number of 1.1) are designed at the same Reynolds number with a three-dimensional parameterization and meshing system. The tip squealer height is used as a representative parameter to investigate the sensitivity of the stage aerothermal performance. The multi-objective optimization using the Kriging surrogated model is employed to identify the Pareto fronts for the stage efficiency and the heat transfer. The comparison of the optimized results between these two stages shows distinctively different trends in the performance variation with the squealer height. The efficiency of the subsonic stage increases with the squealer height reaching a plateau. In contrast, the efficiency in the transonic stage first increases and then drops to the level comparable to that of a flat tip. Significantly, the present results indicate, for the first time, that the squealer tip in a transonic stage may not be as effective as in a subsonic stage. On the other hand, for heat transfer, sensitivity variations are more complex. The overall heat load and the local nonuniformity lead to qualitatively different sensitivities with the squealer height, as well as completely incomparable Pareto fronts. These observed heat transfer sensitivities raise the question on how to effectively conduct a combined aerodynamic and heat transfer performance design optimization. The authors subsequently resort further aerothermal physics analyses described in a companion paper as Part II of the two-part article. In Part II, the physical interpretation of the contrasting aero-efficiency sensitivities for the two stages, as well as a physical understanding leveraged selection of the objective function for such combined blade tip aerothermal optimization will be presented.
Prospects for Low-Resolution NDIR Sensors to Discern Ignition Properties of Fuels
Authors: Sutar Ashish , Dalmiya Anandvinod , Sheyyab Manaf , Anahideh Hadis , Mayhew Eric K. , Brezinsky Kenneth , Lynch Patrick T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The cetane number (CN) is an important fuel property to consider for compression ignition engines as it is a measure of a fuel's ignition delay. Derived cetane number (DCN) already varies significantly within jet fuels. With the expected increasing prevalence of alternative jet fuels, additional variability is expected. DCN is usually assigned to fuels using ASTM methods that use large equipment like the ignition quality tester (IQT), which consumes a lot of fuel and is cumbersome to operate. Over the last decade, there have been advances in the development of chemometric models, which use machine learning to correlate infrared spectra of fuels to fuel properties like DCN, density, and C/H ratio, among many others. These techniques have certain advantages over the ASTM methods, and previous studies performed on samples of diesel fuels have shown high accuracies in DCN prediction. However, this accuracy is generally a result of high resolution, making the equipment expensive, relatively large for handheld sensors, and power-hungry. On the other hand, nondispersive infrared (NDIR) sensors, despite having a low resolution, are attractive because they can be compact, inexpensive, and power efficient. These characteristics are important for handheld or onboard fuel sensors. However, one would anticipate a tradeoff between these advantages and accuracy. This study investigates this tradeoff and the feasibility of low-resolution NDIR sensors to discern fuel properties such as DCN by using Machine Learning models trained on real FTIR data, and DCNs obtained from IQT. DCN predictions were made for blends of ATJ/F-24, CN fuels, and neat Jet A1, A2, and JP 5, with an error limit of 10%. It was found that there seems to be sufficient variability in the near infrared (NIR) range to discern DCN with a feasible number of channels, but the channels have to be narrow (e.g., FWHMs as narrow as 60 nm). For the dataset in the study, the performance of linear models was better than the nonlinear model. Finally, NIR region beyond 1050 nm was found to be more important in DCN prediction, primarily the regions consisting of the first and second C-H overtones and the C-H combination band.
Microbiome analysis reveals
Microcystis
blooms endogenously seeded from benthos within wastewater maturation ponds
Authors: Romanis C. S. , Timms V. J. , Nebauer D. J. , Crosbie N. D. , Neilan B. A. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT

Toxigenic
Microcystis
blooms periodically disrupt the stabilization ponds of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Dense proliferations of
Microcystis
cells within the surface waters (SWs) impede the water treatment process by reducing the treatment efficacy of the latent WWTP microbiome. Further, water quality is reduced when conventional treatment leads to
Microcystis
cell lysis and the release of intracellular microcystins into the water column. Recurrent seasonal
Microcystis
blooms cause significant financial burdens for the water industry and predicting their source is vital for bloom management strategies. We investigated the source of recurrent toxigenic
Microcystis
blooms at Australia’s largest lagoon-based municipal WWTP in both sediment core (SC) and SW samples between 2018 and 2020. Bacterial community composition of the SC and SW samples according to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that
Microcystis
sp. was dominant within SW samples throughout the period and reached peak relative abundances (32%) during the summer. The same
Microcystis
Amplicon sequence variants were present within the SC and SW samples indicating a potential migratory population that transitions between the sediment water and SWs during bloom formation events. To investigate the potential of the sediment to act as a repository of viable
Microcystis
cells for recurrent bloom formation, a novel
in-vitro
bloom model was established featuring sediments and sterilized SW collected from the WWTP. Microcystin-producing
Microcystis
blooms were established through passive resuspension after 12 weeks of incubation. These results demonstrate the capacity of
Microcystis
to transition between the sediments and SWs in WWTPs, acting as a perennial inoculum for recurrent blooms.

IMPORTANCE

Cyanobacterial blooms are prevalent to wastewater treatment facilities owing to the stable, eutrophic conditions. Cyanobacterial proliferations can disrupt operational procedures through the blocking of filtration apparatus or altering the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) microbiome, reducing treatment efficiency. Conventional wastewater treatment often results in the lysis of cyanobacterial cells and the release of intracellular toxins which pose a health risk to end users. This research identifies a potential seeding source of recurrent toxigenic cyanobacterial blooms within wastewater treatment facilities. Our results demonstrate the capacity of
Microcystis
to transition between the sediments and surface waters (SWs) of wastewater treatment ponds enabling water utilities to develop adequate monitoring and management strategies. Further, we developed a novel model to demonstrate benthic recruitment of toxigenic
Microcystis
under laboratory conditions facilitating future research into the genetic mechanisms behind bloom development.