bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting ELT Practitioners Readiness and Engagement
Authors: Moummou Aziz , Fathi Said 
Published: January 2024

<p>The rhetoric of top-down decisions continues to raise questions about practitioners’ realities. During covid 19, many educational systems adopted context-driven policies. Morocco implemented an alternation-based education which is a marriage between self-directed learning (SDL) and classical education. Self-directed learning policy focused on increasing off-school learning time to alleviate the repercussions of health crisis dissonance. The paper analyzed data to explain practitioners’ readiness across the scales of Moroccan educational language policy at three levels. At a higher scale, the study used a structural-historical approach to code themes about self-directed learning in policy texts. At an intermediary level, we administered five semi-structured interviews with ELT inspectors. At a lower scale, the study designed a participatory action research with five English language teachers to observe policy in action and piloted a study to validate research instruments. Data-driven results show that top-down decisions neglect teachers’ key concerns about inadequate policies, the absence of efficient training, and limited pedagogical support. Until these concerns are addressed, practitioners’ interpretations of central policies remain ambivalent. </p>
The Meaning of Monstra in the Roman Law Tradition
Authors: Martínez Antonio Villanueva 
Published: January 2024

The starting point for understanding the concept of monstra in Roman law is an etymological analysis of concepts such as prodigia, promonstra. The evolution of the latter term led to the disappearance of the prefix prod-, meaning anticipation. Monstra thus became the realisation of a miracle, that is, an event foretold by the gods, which also represented a warning and the necessity to ritually sacrifice a monstrosity in order to restore the pax deorum. In Roman law, on the other hand, the term monstra meant any being or behaviour that was contrary to the law of nature and, consequently, to civil law. This broadened the perception of the term, which originally had a more precise religious as well as legal meaning.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Discovery Learning Berbasis Penilaian Autentik Terhadap Motivasi Belajar
Authors: Silaban Adeline , Akbar Muhammad , Hajar Siti 
Published: January 2024

Memilih metode pembelajaran juga menjadi kunci ketertarikan peserta dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Sebagian pengajar lebih memilih metode ceramah, hal ini dikarenakan lebih mudah dilakukan dibandingkan dengan metode pembelajaran yang melibatkan peserta untuk lebih aktif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuasi eksperimen yaitu merupakan penelitian yang dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh dari sesuatu yang dikenakan pada subjek yaitu siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen menggunakan model pembelajaran discovery learning berbasis penilaian autentik dan kelompok control yang menggunakan metode konvensiolan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2020-2021 bertempat di prodi pendidikan fisika Universitas Cenderawasih. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan cluster random sampling secara untuh sehingga terpilih kelas angkatan 2021. Akhir hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor rata-rata kelas control 49,6 dan eksprimen 76,7. Hasil tes normalitas dan homogenitas data diperoleh lebih besar dari nilai signifikan yaitu 0,20 dan 0,55. Hasil tes uji-t memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh model discovery learning berbasis penilaian autentik denga nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,00.
Acts Committed by Russian Citizens in Ukraine after 24 February 2022 that May Constitute the Crime Of Genocide
Authors: Kozak-Balaniuk Iryna 
Published: January 2024

Russian military aggression against Ukraine is the most flagrant violation of Article 2(4) of the United Nations Charter in recent years. Crimes committed by the Russian armed forces on the territory of Ukraine constitute the most serious crimes of international concern, as confirmed by the ICC’s arrest warrant for Vladimir Putin and Maria Lvova-Belova in regard of particular acts identified by the ICC as war crimes. The crime of genocide requires a special means rea element to be met – an intent to destroy a protected group in whole or in part. The aim of this article is to analyze definition of genocide along with its elements established in the document “Elements of Crime” in the context of two forms of genocide that were committed by Russian armed forces – killing Ukrainians and forcible transfer of children of the group.
Psychological and Ideological Basis of Collaboration in the Conditions of Russian Aggression in Ukraine
Authors: Fris Pavlo 
Published: January 2024

Russia’s aggression against Ukraine gave rise to many problems, including in the field of legislative regulation and protection of the most important social relations, interests, benefits and values recognized as such by the society. At the same time, actions to which the legislation did not pay due (and sometimes no) attention were included in the circle of interests. Among such objects of protection and regulation by criminal law was collaborative activity. It should be noted that not only the criminal law of Ukraine, but also the criminal law of almost all European countries did not form the concept of collaborative activity and did not determine responsibility for it. Most often, collaborative activity was covered by the concept of “treason” without any further differentiation. Even among legal theorists to this day, there is no unity in the understanding of this phenomenon. The author notes that this problem is outside the scope of this publication and is not the subject of the discussion. A number of scientific publications in the Ukrainian scientific space have been dedicated to it. This study focuses on the criminal-legal basis of the legal awareness of people who have committed the actions provided for in Art. 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which defines its concepts as well as psychological and ideological foundations that define it.
Neutrosophic soft set matrix and their applications based on multi criteria decision-making problems
Authors: Jayaprakash Poornima , Sundar Sandhiya 
Published: January 2024

Importance of decision-making problems in uncertain environments cannot be overstated. Soft set theory and neutrosophic soft set theory are advanced mathematical techniques that have recently been developed to better handle these uncertain, incomplete, and inconsistent data sets. The concepts of neutrosophic soft set, neutrosophic soft matrix, and its operations are presented in this work. To compare the neutrosophic soft sets, we also provide score, certainty, and accuracy functions. Afterward, we create the neutrosophic arithmetic operator (NA), neutrosophic weighted arithmetic operator neutrosophic geometric operator , neutrosophic weighted geometric operator , neutrosophic harmonic operator and neutrosophic weighted harmonic operator to aggregate the neutrosophic information. Furthermore, based on the above operators, we develop the neutrosophic multi criteria decision-making by using Laplace criterion, optimism criterion and savage criterion. Finally, a numerical example of this technique is presented to show how it can be applied and how effective it is.
Una mirada a la identidad de los docentes de educación primaria
Authors: Fuentes Reza Ricardo , Cano Medrano Irma Mercedes , Alarcón Nakamura Daniel 
Published: January 2024

La presente investigación está centrada en profesores de educación primaria, de escuelas públicas, federales y estatales de los dos principales municipios del estado de Chihuahua. El propósito fue indagar sobre los procesos de construcción de su identidad profesional en el contexto de la última reforma curricular. El estudio se desarrolló desde una perspectiva etnográfica en la que se trabajó a partir de registros de observación y entrevistas a profundidad. Se identificaron elementos asociados al rol de trabajador asalariado o a la identificación con el llamado vocacional, ambos planos del ser profesional en coexistencia. También se identificaron posiciones y actitudes relacionadas con un reducido compromiso profesional, así como otras actitudes, posiciones y conductas asociables a una identidad de responsabilidad, compromiso y entrega profesional.
Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Hayat Mohammad , Zeya Shahid Bin , Veenakumari Kamalanathan 
Published: January 2024

Forty-one species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)Â are recorded and one new genus and six new species are described from theÂ Indian State of Arunachal Pradesh. Of the 41 species, 38 species are newlyÂ recorded from Arunachal Pradesh. Also 18 genera are newly recorded fromÂ Arunachal Pradesh. These are: Adelencyrtus Ashmead, Aenasius Walker,Â Apoleptomastix Kerrich, Blepyrus Howard, Callipteroma Motschulsky,Â Cheiloneuromyia Girault, Cheiloneurus Westwood, Gentakola Noyes & Hayat,Â Haligra Noyes & Hayat, Homalotylus Mayr, Leptomastix Foerster, MetaphycusÂ Mercet, Neodusmetia Kerrich, Ooencyrtus Ashmead, Proleurocerus FerriÃ¨re,Â Psyllaephagus Ashmead, Rhopus Foerster, Trechnites Thomson. The new taxaÂ described are: Chalaruna indica Hayat, gen. et sp. nov.,CheiloneuromyiaÂ Â idniaÂ Hayat, sp. nov., Metaphycus zabica Zeya, sp. nov., Ooencyrtus bidentatus Hayat,Â sp. nov., Psyllaephagus pauropsylla Hayat, sp. nov., Trechnites albicrus Hayat,Â sp. nov. A list of the 16 species of Encyrtidae known from Arunachal PradeshÂ prior to this publication is also given.
Comparative genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients and retail meat
Authors: Alkuraythi Dalal M. , Alkhulaifi Manal M. , Binjomah Abdulwahab Z. , Alarwi Mohammed , Mujallad Mohammed I. , Alharbi Saleh Ali , Alshomrani Mohammad , Gojobori Takashi , Alajel Sulaiman M. 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionStaphylococcus aureus is a significant human pathogen that poses a threat to public health due to its association with foodborne contamination and a variety of infections. The factors contributing to the pathogenicity of S. aureus include virulence, drug resistance, and toxin production, making it essential to monitor their prevalence and genetic profiles. This study investigated and compared the genomic characteristics of S. aureus isolates from retail meat and patients in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA total of 136 S. aureus isolates were obtained between October 2021 and June 2022:84 from patients and 53 from meat samples in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. S. aureus isolates were identified using conventional methods and MALDI-TOF MS, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was identified using VITEK2 and BD Phoenix systems. MRSA was confirmed phenotypically using chromogenic agar, and genotypically by detecting mecA. Genomic data were analyzed using BactopiaV2 pipeline, local BLAST, and MLST databases.ResultsAntibiotic resistance genes were prevalent in both meat and patient S. aureus isolates, with high prevalence of tet38, blaZ, and fosB. Notably, all S. aureus isolates from patients carried multidrug-resistant (MDR) genes, and a high percentage of S. aureus isolates from meat also harbored MDR genes. Phenotypically, 43% of the S. aureus isolates from meat and 100% of the patients’ isolates were MDR. Enterotoxin genes, including selX, sem, and sei, exhibited high compatibility between meat and patient S. aureus isolates. Virulence genes such as cap, hly/hla, sbi, and isd were found in all S. aureus isolates from both sources.ConclusionOur study established a genetic connection between S. aureus isolates from meat and patients, showing shared antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. The presence of these genes in meat derived isolates underscores its role as a reservoir. Genomic relatedness also suggests potential transmission of resistance between different settings. These findings emphasize the necessity for a comprehensive approach to monitor and control S. aureus infections in both animals and humans.
Explanatory deep learning to predict elevated pulmonary artery pressure in children with ventricular septal defects using standard chest x-rays: a novel approach
Authors: Li Zhixin , Luo Gang , Ji Zhixian , Wang Sibao , Pan Silin 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveEarly risk assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is crucial to ensure timely treatment. We hypothesize that applying artificial intelligence (AI) to chest x-rays (CXRs) could identify the future risk of PAH in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD).MethodsA total of 831 VSD patients (161 PAH-VSD, 670 nonPAH-VSD) was retrospectively included. A residual neural networks (ResNet) was trained for classify VSD patients with different outcomes based on chest radiographs. The endpoint of this study was the occurrence of PAH in VSD children before or after surgery.ResultsIn the validation set, the AI algorithm achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82. In an independent test set, the AI algorithm significantly outperformed human observers in terms of AUC (0.81 vs. 0.65). Class Activation Mapping (CAM) images demonstrated the model's attention focused on the pulmonary artery segment.ConclusionThe preliminary findings of this study suggest that the application of artificial intelligence to chest x-rays in VSD patients can effectively identify the risk of PAH.
Intra-cardiac motion detection catheter for the early identification of acute pericardial tamponade during invasive cardiac procedures
Authors: Selvakumar Dinesh , Barry Michael A. , Pouliopoulos Jim , Lu Juntang , Tran Vu , Kovoor Pramesh 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesTo develop and test an intra-cardiac catheter fitted with accelerometers to detect acute pericardial effusion prior to the onset of hemodynamic compromise.BackgroundEarly detection of an evolving pericardial effusion is critical in ensuring timely treatment. We hypothesized that the reduction in movement of the lateral heart border present in developing pericardial effusions could be quantified by positioning an accelerometer in a lateral cardiac structure.MethodsA “motion detection” catheter was created by implanting a 3-axis accelerometer at the distal tip of a cardiac catheter. The pericardial space of 5 adult sheep was percutaneously accessed, and pericardial tamponade was created by infusion of normal saline. The motion detection catheter was positioned in the coronary sinus. Intracardiac echocardiography was used to confirm successful creation of pericardial effusion and hemodynamic parameters were collected.ResultsStatistically significant reduction in acceleration from baseline was detected after infusion of only 40 ml of normal saline (p &lt; 0.05, ANOVA). In comparison, clinically significant change in systolic blood pressure (defined as &gt;10% drop in baseline systolic blood pressure) occurred after infusion of 80 ml of normal saline (107 ± 22 mmHg vs. 90 ± 12 mmHg p = 0.97, ANOVA), and statistically significant change was recorded only after infusion of 200 ml (107 ± 22 mmHg vs. 64 ± 5 mmHg, p &lt; 0.05, ANOVA).ConclusionsAn intra-cardiac motion detection catheter is highly sensitive in identifying acute cardiac tamponade prior to clinically and statistically significant changes in systolic blood pressure, allowing for early detection and treatment of this potentially life-threatening complication of all modern percutaneous cardiac interventions.
Evaluation of an online interprofessional course on ethics and professionalism: experience of medical, dental, and pharmacy students
Authors: Atwa Hani , Farghaly Amira , Badawi Jude Tareq , Malik Louay Fadi , Abdelnasser Asmaa 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionEthics and professionalism in the health professions reflect how health professionals behave during practice, based on their professional values and attitudes. Health professions education institutions have implemented various strategies for teaching ethics and professionalism, including interprofessional education. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perception of undergraduate health professions students about the outcomes of an online interprofessional course in ethics and professionalism as well as their perception of interprofessional education and the importance of ethics and professionalism after taking the course.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study that targeted medical, dentistry, and pharmacy students. A researcher-made 31-item questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was tested for face, content, and construct validity. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated by Cronbach alpha test. Descriptive statistics were used. T-test was performed to compare the results of male and female students and ANOVA was performed to compare the results of medical, dentistry, and pharmacy students. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.ResultsFactor analysis of the questionnaire yielded three factors, namely course evaluation, perception of interprofessional education, and importance of ethics and professionalism in health professions education. The study participants expressed positive perceptions of all aspects of the course. They reported positive perceptions of interprofessional education, highlighting its benefits in enhancing understanding, teamwork skills, and respect for other healthcare professionals. The findings reveal some program-related differences in participants’ responses, where medical students showed higher ratings of all aspects of the course, interprofessional education and importance of ethics and professionalism.ConclusionStudents of the three programs showed positive perceptions of the online IPE course on ethics and professionalism as well as the benefits of IPE and the importance of ethics and professionalism. This highlights the effectiveness of the course in addressing such important aspects of health professions education.
Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis investigating the genetic association between primary breast cancer and colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Yi , Si Mingxuan , Qian Yawei , Liu Yang , Wang Zichen , Zhang Tongyu , Wang Zhenhuan , Ye Kun , Xiang Cuijuan , Xu Linlin , Zhang Yanping , Xiao Zhihan 
Published: January 2024

PurposeWith the advancement in early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for individuals diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) has improved significantly. The prognosis of primary breast cancer (PBC) survivors can be significantly influenced by the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a secondary primary cancer (SPC). The objective of this study is to explore the possible genetic association between PBC and CRC, aiming to lay a groundwork for the development of preventive strategies against SPC-CRC following BC surgery.MethodsWe employed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to thoroughly examine genetic instrumental variables (IVs) derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted on PBC and CRC. And applied inverse variance weighted (IVW) and multiple other MR methods (weighted median, simple median, MR-PRESSO and MR-RAPS) to evaluate the association between the two cancers (PBC and CRC) at genetic level. Furthermore, the robustness of the findings was further confirmed through the utilization of the genetic risk score (GRS) method in a secondary analysis.ResultsForward MR analysis, a total of 179 BC genetic IVs, 25 estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) genetic IVs and 135 ER-positive (ER+) genetic IVs were screened. Reverse MR analysis, 179 genetic IVs of CRC, 25 genetic IVs of colon cancer, 135 genetic IVs of rectal cancer, 25 genetic IVs of left colon cancer and 135 genetic IVs of right colon cancer were screened. IVW and other MR methods found no significant genetic association between PBC and CRC (P &gt; 0.05). Subgroup analysis also showed that ER- BC and ER+ BC were not correlated with the occurrence of CRC (P &gt; 0.05). The findings of the secondary analysis using GRS were consistent with those obtained from the primary analysis, thereby confirming the robustness and reliability of this study.ConclusionsOur findings do not provide any evidence supporting the association between PBC and CRC at the genetic level. Further large-scale prospective studies are warranted to replicate our findings.
Nebulized glycyrrhizin/enoxolone drug modulates IL-17A in COVID-19 patients: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zendejas-Hernandez Ulises , Alcántara-Martínez Nemi , Vivar Diana Tovar , Valenzuela Fermín , Sosa Espinoza Alejandro , Cervera Ceballos Eduardo Emir 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionGlycyrrhizin (GA) and its derivative Enoxolone (18β), isolated from the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant, are two potential molecules for treating viral diseases. Both demonstrate to regulate immune system with antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities, with the latter mainly due to modulation of inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a nebulized GA/18β drug for treating COVID-19 patients.MethodsAn open label, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in Mexico City from January-August 2022 (Registration No. PROTAP-CLI-00). Clinical and biochemical parameters were recorded. Blood samples from patients were regularly collected to evaluate interleukins IL-4, IL-2, IL-1b, TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-10,IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-8 and TGF-β1, as well as IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Two doses of the drug were used - 30/2 mg (dose A) and 90/4 mg (dose B).Results and discussionBoth GA/18β doses modulated inflammatory response by reducing mainly IL-17A expression, which in turn kept IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α interleukins unchanged, indicating significant modulation of key interleukin levels to prevent exacerbation of the immune response in COVID-19 patients. Early on, dose A increased IgM, while dose B induced expression of the antiviral IFN-γ. No severe side effects were seen with either dose, indicating nebulized GA/18β is a safe treatment that could be used for COVID-19 and potentially other viral infections involving inflammatory response.
Inhibition of CX3CL1 by treadmill training prevents osteoclast-induced fibrocartilage complex resorption during TBI healing
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhou Mei , Tan Jindong , Ma Lin , Tang Hong , He Gang , Tao Xu , Guo Lin , Kang Xia , Tang Kanglai , Bian Xuting 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionThe healing of tendon-bone injuries is very difficult, often resulting in poor biomechanical performance and unsatisfactory functional recovery. The tendon-bone insertion has a complex four distinct layers structure, and previous studies have often focused on promoting the regeneration of the fibrocartilage layer, neglecting the role of its bone end repair in tendon-bone healing. This study focuses on the role of treadmill training in promoting bone regeneration at the tendon-bone insertion and its related mechanisms.MethodsAfter establishing the tendon-bone insertion injury model, the effect of treadmill training on tendon-bone healing was verified by Micro CT and HE staining; then the effect of CX3CL1 on osteoclast differentiation was verified by TRAP staining and cell culture; and finally the functional recovery of the mice was verified by biomechanical testing and behavioral test.ResultsTreadmill training suppresses the secretion of CX3CL1 and inhibits the differentiation of local osteoclasts after tendon-bone injury, ultimately reducing osteolysis and promoting tendon bone healing.DiscussionOur research has found the interaction between treadmill training and the CX3CL1-C3CR1 axis, providing a certain theoretical basis for rehabilitation training.