bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wav2Lip‐HR: Synthesising clear high‐resolution talking head in the wild
Authors: Liang Chao , Wang Qinghua , Chen Yunlin , Tang Minjie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTalking head generation aims to synthesize a photo‐realistic speaking video with accurate lip motion. While this field has attracted more attention in recent audio‐visual researches, most existing methods do not achieve the simultaneous improvement of lip synchronization and visual quality. In this paper, we propose Wav2Lip‐HR, a neural‐based audio‐driven high‐resolution talking head generation method. With our technique, all required to generate a clear high‐resolution lip sync talking video is an image/video of the target face and an audio clip of any speech. The primary benefit of our method is that it generates clear high‐resolution videos with sufficient facial details, rather than the ones just be large‐sized with less clarity. We first analyze key factors that limit the clarity of generated videos and then put forth several important solutions to address the problem, including data augmentation, model structure improvement and a more effective loss function. Finally, we employ several efficient metrics to evaluate the clarity of images generated by our proposed approach as well as several widely used metrics to evaluate lip‐sync performance. Numerous experiments demonstrate that our method has superior performance on visual quality and lip synchronization when compared to other existing schemes.
Assessment of Drimia delagoensis (Jessop) Baker Total Phenol, Flavonoids Content and Antioxidant Activity of Both Bulb and Leaves
Authors: Ndaba Nokuthula , Fotsing Marthe Carine Djuidje , Govender Penny Poomani 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDrimia delagoensis has been utilized for its medicinal properties since antiquity. The bulb and leaves are predominantly composed of secondary metabolites that exhibit biological activity. The quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid content, as well as the assessment of antioxidant activity was conducted using the Folin‐Ciocalteus method, coulometric analysis, DPPH and the FRAP assays. The ethyl acetate, aqueous, and hexane extracts of the bulb exhibited significantly high total phenolic contents (167.9000±0.3376 μg GAE/mg, 56.2500±0.0043 μg GAE/mg, and 26.4000±0.0198 μg GAE/mg, respectively) compared to the ethyl acetate (49.4400±0.1341 μg QE/mg), aqueous (9.5200±0.1274 μg QE/mg), and hexane leaf extracts (1.8091±0.0049 μg QE/mg). On the other hand, the ethyl acetate leaf extract exhibited the highest antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate extract of D. delagoensis, was identified as a significant source of natural antioxidants, and its use in the management of diabetic foot ulcers linked with oxidative stress is supported.
Short‐term soil carbon mineralization on golf course sand‐based putting green and its effect on creeping bentgrass nitrogen uptake
Authors: Zhou Qiyu , Soldat Douglas J. , Ruark Matthew D. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA rapid soil test for accurately estimating nitrogen (N) supply from soil organic matter would help turfgrass managers develop N fertilization programs. In this study, we tested the feasibility of using a quick test, mineralizable carbon (min‐C), to predict turfgrass growth and N uptake from sand‐based putting green soils. A 2‐year field experiment was conducted in Verona, WI, on four sand‐based research golf greens planted with creeping bentgrass. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 0, 10, and 20 kg ha−1every 2 weeks as liquid urea during the growing seasons. Soil samples were collected at 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm and tested for min‐C by measuring the flush of CO2following the rewetting dried soil, where the soil was rewetted at 50% water‐filled pore space and incubated at 25°C for 24 h. Min‐C was greater at the shallower soil depth, and unaffected by N rates that were applied. On‐site air temperature, soil moisture content, and estimated soil temperature were negatively related with min‐C, wherer2 = 0.26–0.60 for air temperature,r2 = 0.32–0.71 for soil moisture content, andr2 = 0.16–0.53 for estimated soil temperature, indicating the test is quite sensitive to environmental conditions at the time of sampling. Furthermore, min‐C had weak positive to no relationship with creeping bentgrass growth rate (r2 = 0–0.17) and N uptake (r2 = 0–0.23) on sand‐based putting green, suggesting the test does not hold promise as a method for improving fertilizer decisions to these systems.
Polypyrrole regulates Active Sites in Co‐based Catalyst in Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells
Authors: Kang Lin , Liu Cheng , Ye Jinyu , Niu Wenzhe , Cui Xiaowen , Zhu Yajie , Xue Liangyao , Zhang Jiaqi , Zheng Lirong , Li Youyong , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDirect borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) convert borohydride (NaBH4) chemical energy into clean electricity. However, catalytic active site deactivation in NaBH4 solution limits their performance and stability. We propose a strategy to regulate active sites in Co‐based catalysts using polypyrrole modification (Co−PX catalyst) to enhance electrochemical borohydride oxidation reaction (eBOR). As an anode catalyst, the synthesized Co−PX catalyst exhibits excellent eBOR performance in DBFCs, with current density of 280 mA ⋅ cm−2 and power density of 151 mW ⋅ cm−2, nearly twice that of the unmodified catalyst. The Co‐PX catalyst shows no degradation after 120‐hour operation, unlike the rapidly degrading control. In‐situ electrochemical attenuated total reflection Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIRS) and density functional theory (DFT) suggest that polypyrrole‐modified carbon support regulate the charge distribution, increasing oxidation state and optimizing adsorption/desorption of intermediates. A possible reaction pathway is proposed. This work presents a promising strategy for efficient polymer‐modulated catalysts in advanced DBFCs.
Response of pollinator taxa to fire is consistent with historic fire regimes in the Sierra Nevada and mediated through floral richness†
Authors: Tarbill Gina L. , White Angela M. , Sollmann Rahel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMany fire‐prone forests are experiencing wildfires that burn outside the historical range of variation in extent and severity. These fires impact pollinators and the ecosystem services they provide, but how the effects of fire are mediated by burn severity in different habitats is not well understood. We used generalized linear mixed models in a Bayesian framework to model the abundance of pollinators as a function of burn severity, habitat, and floral resources in post‐fire, mid‐elevation, conifer forest, and meadow in the Sierra Nevada, California. Although most species‐level effects were not significant, we found highly consistent negative impacts of burn severity in meadows where pollinators were most abundant, with only hummingbirds and some butterfly families responding positively to burn severity in meadows. Moderate‐severity fire tended to increase the abundance of most pollinator taxa in upland forest habitat, indicating that even in large fires that burn primarily at high‐ and moderate‐severity patches may be associated with improved habitat conditions for pollinator species in upland forest. Nearly all pollinator taxa responded positively to floral richness but not necessarily to floral abundance. Given that much of the Sierra Nevada is predicted to burn at high severity, limiting high‐severity effects in meadow and upland habitats may help conserve pollinator communities whereas low‐ to moderate‐severity fire may be needed in both systems.
Trajectory change of left ventricular ejection fraction after rhythm control for atrial fibrillation in heart failure
Authors: Si Jinping , Sun Yuxi , Bai Lin , Tse Gary , Ding Zijie , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Yanli , Chen Xuefu , Xia Yunlong , Liu Ying 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAimsRhythm control therapy has shown great benefits for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of rhythm control on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) trajectory across the whole HF spectrum. Our study explored the prevalence and predictors of LVEF trajectory changes and their prognostic implications following rhythm control.Methods and resultsDepending on the treatment strategy, the cohort was classified into rhythm and rate control groups. Alterations in HF types and LVEF trajectory were recorded. The observational endpoints were all‐cause mortality and HF‐related admission. Predictors of LVEF trajectory improvement in the rhythm control group were evaluated. After matching, the two groups had similar age [mean age (years): rhythm/rate control: 63.96/65.13] and gender [male: rhythm/rate control: n = 228 (55.6%)/233 (56.8%)]. Based on baseline LVEF measurement, the post‐matched cohort had 490 HF with preserved ejection fraction (rhythm/rate control: n = 260/230; median LVEF: 58.00%/57.00%), 99 HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (rhythm/rate control: n = 50/49; median LVEF: 45.00%/46.00%), and 231 HF with reduced ejection fraction (rhythm/rate control: n = 100/131; median LVEF: 32.50%/33.00%). Trajectory analysis found that the rhythm control group had a greater percentage of LVEF trajectory improvement than the rate control group [80 (53.3%) vs. 71 (39.4%), P = 0.012]. Cox regression analysis also showed that the rhythm control group was more likely to have improved LVEF trajectory compared with the rate control group {hazard ratio [HR] 1.671 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.196–2.335], P = 0.003}. In the survival analysis, the rhythm control group experienced significant lower risks of all‐cause mortality [HR 0.600 (95% CI 0.366–0.983), P = 0.043] and HF‐related admission [HR 0.611 (95% CI 0.496–0.753), P < 0.001]. In the rhythm control subgroup, E/e′ [odds ratio (OR) 0.878 (95% CI 0.792–0.974), P = 0.014], left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter [OR 0.874 (95% CI 0.777–0.983), P = 0.024], and CHA2DS2‐VASc score (congestive HF, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, vascular disease, age 65–74 years, and sex category) [OR 0.647 (95% CI 0.438–0.955), P = 0.028] were identified as three independent predictors of LVEF trajectory improvement.ConclusionsRhythm control is associated with improved LVEF trajectory and clinical outcomes and may thus be considered the optimal therapeutic strategy for patients with both HF and AF.
Recognizing the ephemeral stream floodplain: Identification and importance of flood zones in drylands
Authors: Scamardo Julianne E. , Wohl Ellen 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrevious syntheses of the hydrologic, geomorphic and biotic functions of floodplains have largely integrated research conducted along perennial stream networks, despite a growing body of literature on analogous functional floodplain zones along ephemeral streams. Although variable inundation characteristic of ephemeral streams complicates the delineation between channel and floodplain, ephemeral stream floodplains are distinct landforms that are hypothesized to host similar ecosystem functions as perennial stream floodplains, including the attenuation of downstream fluxes and provision of habitat to diverse flora and fauna. Here, we review the literature on dryland ephemeral stream floodplains in order to identify: (1) common definitions and styles; (2) unique hydrologic, geomorphic and biotic functions separate from uplands or channels; (3) current and future anthropogenic and natural stressors to such functions; and (4) knowledge gaps regarding research on ephemeral stream floodplains. Although active floodplain definitions follow criteria commonly used in perennial stream corridors, the extent of ephemeral stream floodplains is typically defined by less frequent floods. A set of floodplain styles emerges from the literature dependent on confinement and the presence of channelized streamflow. Functions related to attenuation and storage are typically concentrated in unconfined, channelled floodplains. The temporary storage of sediment and subsurface water in ephemeral stream floodplains makes them disproportionately important for biogeochemical cycling and hosts to richer, denser and more diverse vegetation communities compared with surrounding uplands. Many functions of ephemeral stream floodplains are also found in perennial counterparts, but variable flow regimes and sediment loads in ephemeral streams can potentially impact rates and magnitudes of comparable processes and functions. Future research needs to incorporate a holistic view of the ephemeral stream corridor—including channels and floodplains—to better understand current and future fluvial processes and cascading impacts in drylands globally.
Health inequalities in Brazilian adolescents: Measuring and mapping gaps in a cross‐sectional school‐based survey
Authors: Wendt Andrea , Machado Adriana K. F. , Costa Caroline S. , Rachadel Daniela , Crochemore‐Silva Inacio , Brazo‐Sayavera Javier , Hembecker Paula K. , Ricardo Luiza I. C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study aims to describe inequalities in health indicators according to gender, area of residence, and socioeconomic position among Brazilian adolescents.MethodsCross‐sectional study using data from a school‐based survey carried out in Brazil in 2019. Twelve health outcomes were evaluated. Dimensions of inequality assessed were gender, area of residence, wealth and subnational region.ResultsThis study comprises a sample of 124,898 adolescents. The most prevalent outcome was physical inactivity (71.9%) followed by thinking life is worthless (52.6%) and bullying (51.8%). Gender inequalities were more marked for physical inactivity and thinking life is worthless with girls presenting a prevalence more than 20 p.p. higher than boys. In zero‐dose HPV, however, the prevalence in girls was 17.7 p.p. lower than in boys. Area of residence and wealth inequalities were smaller than gender disparities. Context presented a relevant role in inequality with analysis stratified by states of the country, revealing high variability in estimates.ConclusionsWe highlight the need for attention to disparities between subgroups of the adolescent population, especially for gender inequalities that were the most marked for this age group.
Assessing the relevance of environmental exposure data sets
Authors: Peters Adam , Beking Michael , Oste Leonard , Hamer Mick , Vuaille Jeanne , Harford Andrew J. , Backhaus Thomas , Lofts Stephen , Svendsen Claus , Peck Charles 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Environmental exposure data are used by decision-makers to assess environmental risks and implement actions to mitigate risks from contaminants. The first article in this series summarized the available evaluation schemes for environmental exposure data, of which there are few compared to those available for environmental hazard data. The second article covered the assessment of the reliability of environmental exposure data sets under the Criteria for the Reporting and Evaluation of Exposure Data (CREED). The aim of this article is to provide an overview and practical guidance on the relevance assessment in the context of the CREED approach for evaluating exposure monitoring data sets. Systematically considering relevance is critical for both evaluating existing data sets and for optimizing the design of new monitoring studies. Relevance is defined here as the degree of suitability or appropriateness of a data set to address a specific purpose or to answer the questions that have been defined by the assessor or for those generating exposure data. The purpose definition will be the foundation for the relevance assessment, to clarify how the assessor should rate the assessment criteria (fully met, partly met, not met/inappropriate, not reported, not applicable). This will provide transparency for anyone reviewing the outcomes. An explicit gap analysis (i.e., an articulation of the data set limitations for the stated purpose) is an important outcome of the relevance assessment. The relevance evaluation approach is demonstrated with three case studies, all relating to the freshwater aquatic environment, where the data sets are scored as relevant with or without restrictions, not relevant, or not assignable. The case studies represent both organic and inorganic constituents, and have different data characteristics (e.g., percentage of censored data, sampling frequencies, relation to supporting parameters). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1004–1018. © 2023 SETAC
Key Points
This article provides an overview and guidance on the relevance assessment in the context of the Criteria for the Reporting and Evaluation of Exposure Data approach for evaluating exposure monitoring data sets. Relevance is defined here as the degree of suitability or appropriateness of a data set to address a specific purpose that has been defined by the assessor, or for those generating exposure data. A clear purpose definition is the foundation for the relevance assessment, to clarify how the assessor should rate the assessment criteria (fully met, partly met, not met/inappropriate, not reported, not applicable). This approach provides transparency for anyone reviewing the outcomes, and an explicit gap analysis (i.e., an articulation of the data set limitations for the stated purpose) is an important outcome of the relevance assessment.
Antibody response to three‐dose anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA‐vaccination in treated solid cancer patients
Authors: Dalu Davide , Tarkowski Maciej , Ruggieri Lorenzo , Cona Maria Silvia , Gabrieli Arianna , De Francesco Davide , Fasola Cinzia , Ferrario Sabrina , Gambaro Anna , Masedu Elsa , Parma Gaia , Rulli Eliana , De Stradis Claudia , Mavilio Domenico , Calcaterra Francesca , Manoni Federica , Riva Agostino , La Verde Nicla 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSolid cancer patients are at higher risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and severe complications. Moreover, vaccine‐induced antibody response is impaired in patients on anticancer treatment. In this retrospective, observational, hypothesis‐generating, cohort study, we assessed the antibody response to the third dose of mRNA vaccine in a convenience sample of patients on anticancer treatment, comparing it to that of the primary two‐dose cycle. Among 99 patients included, 62.6% were ≥60 years old, 32.3% males, 67.7% with advanced disease. Exactly 40.4% were receiving biological therapy, 16.2% chemotherapy only and 7.1% both treatments. After the third dose, seroconversion rate seems to increase significantly, especially in non‐responders to two doses. Heterologous vaccine‐type regimen (two‐dose mRNA‐1273 and subsequent tozinameran or vice versa) results in higher antibody levels. This explorative study suggests that repeated doses of mRNA‐vaccines could be associated with a better antibody response in this population. Furthermore, heterologous vaccine‐type three‐dose vaccination seems more effective in this population. Since this is a hypothesis‐generating study, adequately statistically powered studies should validate these results.
Adverse perinatal events and maternal interpregnancy weight change: A population‐based observational study
Authors: Cohen Eyal , Fu Longdi , Brown Hilary K. , Grandi Sonia M. , Boblitz Alexa , Fang Jiming , Austin Peter C. , Nathwani Apsara Ali , Szentkúti Péter , Horváth‐Puhó Erzsébet , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Ray Joel G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveMothers whose newborn experiences adversity may neglect their own health to care for their affected infant or following a perinatal death. Weight gain after pregnancy is one measure of maternal self‐care. We measured interpregnancy weight gain among women whose child had an adverse perinatal event.MethodsThis population‐based observational study included 192 154 primigravid women with two consecutive singleton births in Ontario, Canada. Outcomes included net weight gain, and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of moving to a higher body mass index (BMI) category between pregnancies, comparing women whose child did versus did not experience either a perinatal death, prematurity, severe neonatal morbidity, major congenital anomaly, or severe neurologic impairment.ResultsPerinatal death was associated with a +3.5 kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1–4.9) net higher maternal weight gain in the subsequent pregnancy. Relative to term births, preterm birth <32 weeks (+3.2 kg, 95% CI: 1.9–4.6), 32–33 weeks (+1.8 kg, 95% CI: 0.7–2.8) and 34–36 weeks (+0.9 kg, 95% CI: 0.6–1.3) were associated with higher net weight gain. Having an infant with severe neonatal morbidity was associated with a +1.2 kg (95% CI: 0.3–2.1) weight gain. Likewise, the aOR of moving to a higher BMI category was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.14–1.42) following a perinatal death, 1.21 (95% CI: 1.04–1.41) after a preterm birth <32 weeks, and 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02–1.22) with severe neonatal morbidity.ConclusionGreater interpregnancy weight gain, and movement to a higher BMI category, are each more likely in a woman whose first‐born was affected by certain major adverse perinatal events.
The effects of a multimedia intervention on help‐seeking process with a Chinese college student sample
Authors: Song Xiaoxia , Anderson Timothy , Lin Tao , Yu Fang Bi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLittle is known about encouraging help‐seeking in non‐English speaking settings and relatively little research has been directed to facilitate help‐seeking among Chinese‐speaking people. This study examined the effects of a multimedia intervention on barriers, attitudes, and intentions for seeking counseling in China. The multimedia intervention was informed by prior empirical research on models of help‐seeking for counseling. A total of 200 participants were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions: (1) a help‐seeking media‐exposed intervention group and (2) a control group, who watched a hospital advertisement that was unrelated to mental health help‐seeking. Results indicated that the intervention was effective at increasing both positive attitudes toward therapy and intentions to seek therapy. The intervention also improved participants' perceptions about treatment accessibility. This intervention is available and can be a resource for Chinese language populations (both within China and other countries), especially for immigrants, rural, and persons who might benefit from mental health treatments such as psychotherapy.