bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Raman spectroscopy of descloizite and mottramite at 298 and 77 K
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Williams Peter A. , Theo Kloprogge J. , Leverett P. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe Raman spectra of the isomorphous series descloizite [PbZn(VO4)(OH)] and mottramite [PbCu(VO4) (OH)] were obtained at 298 and 77 K. The Raman band at 844 cm−1, assigned to the ν1 symmetric (VO4−) stretching mode for descloizite, is shifted to 814 cm−1 for mottramite. The ν3 mode of descloizite is observed as a single band at 777 cm−1 but this mode is more complex for mottramite with three bands observed in the 77 K spectrum at 811, 785 and 767 cm−1. The bending mode (ν2) is observed at 437 cm−1 for descloizite and at 426 cm−1 for mottramite. The ν3 region is complex for both minerals and this is attributed to symmetry reduction of the vanadate unit from Td to Cs. Collecting Raman spectra at 77 K allowed better band separation with observation of additional bands ascribed to the removal of degeneracy. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: de Bree Eelco , Witkamp A.J. , Zoetmulder Frans A.N. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe peritoneal surface remains an important failure site for patients with colorectal cancer. Peritoneal metastases of colorectal cancer are at present considered equal to distant metastatic disease. Consequently, peritoneal carcinomatosis is treated with systemic chemotherapy and surgery only to palliate complications such as obstruction. Despite the development of new chemotherapeutic agents and combinations, the results remain disappointing with a limited impact on survival. Colorectal carcinoma cells are relatively resistant to chemotherapy. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems to be an attractive approach in the treatment of high‐risk colorectal cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal origin providing high local drug concentration with limited systemic side effects. Adjuvant early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is worthwhile for consideration as treatment option after resection of high‐risk colorectal cancer. In the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy leads to inadequate exposure of the peritoneal surface. Only an intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy performed with direct cytotoxic drugs such as MMC and cisplatin overcome this problem. The limited drug penetration in tissue implies the need for extensive cytoreductive surgery. The results of phase II studies suggest that an increased median survival can be achieved with this approach. The natural history of this disease and the heterogeneity of the patients are such that only a randomized trial design will adequately answer the question whether regional treatment of patients with peritoneal dissemination of colorectal cancer actually prolongs survival. The results of such a study are to be expected in approximately 2 years time. J. Surg. Oncol. 2002;79:46–61. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Instability of chromosome 8 as an indicator of aggressive tumor phenotype in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sato Norihiro , Mizumoto Kazuhiro , Maehara Naoki , Shono Masaki , Nagai Eishi , Tanaka Masao 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChromosomal instability is a common feature of pancreatic carcinoma, but its biological significance remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between chromosomal instability and biological aggressiveness in human pancreatic cancer cells.MethodsFluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to examine changes in chromosomal numbers in a total of 13 pancreatic cancer cell lines. We also assessed the potential for tumor aggressiveness within cancer cells by in vitro migration and invasion assay and by subcutaneous implantation into nude mice.ResultsChromosomal instability, characterized by numerical variations in copy numbers of chromosome 8, was observed in most cell lines, and the magnitude of instability was correlated well with both motility (P < 0.001) and invasion rate (P < 0.001) of these cells. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation existed between chromosome instability and tumor growth in vivo (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the increased level of chromosomal instability may play a critical role in the development of aggressive tumor phenotype during pancreatic cancer progression. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;76:181–187. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical significance of E‐cadherin–catenin complex expression in metastatic foci of colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Ikeguchi Masahide , Makino Masato , Kaibara Nobuaki 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesReduced expressions of cell adhesion molecules (E‐cadherin, α‐catenin, and β‐catenin) has been reported to be associated with tumor metastasis. However, the clinical significance of such adhesion molecules in the metastatic foci remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of E‐cadherin, α‐catenin, and β‐catenin expressions in the metastatic foci of patients with colorectal carcinoma.MethodsThe expressions of E‐cadherin, α‐catenin, and β‐catenin were detected immunohistochemically in 105 primary tumors, in 30 metastatic lymph nodes, and 13 metastatic liver tumors from consecutive patients with colorectal carcinoma.ResultsReduced normal expression of E‐cadherin, α‐catenin, and β‐catenin in comparison with normal epithelium was detected in 78 primary tumors, respectively. Patients who had tumors with reduced expression of adhesion molecules showed unfavorable prognosis and the reduced expression of adhesion molecules was detected as one of the independent prognostic factors for patients with colorectal carcinoma. In 30 patients with lymph node metastasis, the increased expression of adhesion molecules in metastatic lymph nodes compared with primary tumors was detected in 13 patients. The prognosis of these 13 patients was poorer than that of remaining 17 patients (P = 0.0296). Also, in 13 patients with liver metastasis, even no significant difference was observed, the mean survival time of 6 patients who had metastatic liver tumors with increased expression of adhesion molecules (10 months) was shorter than that of the remaining 7 patients (16 months; P = 0.1718).ConclusionsThese results suggest that increased expression of the cadherin‐catenin cell–cell adhesion system in metastatic foci may play an important role in progression of metastatic colorectal carcinomas. J. Surg. Oncol. 2001;77:201–207. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A laser flash photolysis/IR diode laser absorption study of the reaction of chlorine atoms with selected alkanes
Authors: Qian Hai‐Bo , Turton David , Seakins Paul W. , Pilling Michael J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA high‐resolution IR diode laser in conjunction with a Herriot multiple reflection flow‐cell has been used to directly determine the rate coefficients for simple alkanes with Cl atoms at room temperature (298 K). The following results were obtained: k(Cl + n‐butane) = (1.91 ± 0.10) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, k(Cl + n‐pentane) = (2.46 ± 0.12) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, k(Cl + iso‐pentane) = (1.94 ± 0.10) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, k(Cl + neopentane) = (1.01 ± 0.05) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, k(Cl + n‐hexane) = (3.44 ± 0.17) × 10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 where the error limits are ±1σ. These values have been used in conjunction with our own previous measurements on Cl + ethane and literature values on Cl + propane and Cl + iso‐butane to generate a structure activity relationship (SAR) for Cl atom abstraction reactions based on direct measurements. The resulting best fit parameters are kp = (2.61 ± 0.12) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, ks = (8.40 ± 0.60) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, kt = (5.90 ± 0.30) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, with f( CH2) = f ( CH2) = f (C) = f = 0.85 ± 0.06. Tests were carried out to investigate the potential interference from production of excited state HCl(v = 1) in the Cl + alkane reactions. There is some evidence for HCl(v = 1) production in the reaction of Cl with shape n‐hexane. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 34: 86–94, 2002
Gendering knowledge: the practices of knowledge management in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Styhre Alexander , Ingelgård Anders , Roth Jonas 
Published: August 2002

AbstractKnowledge and knowledge management have become two of the latest buzzwords in the management literature. However, the literature presents primarily normative, undersocialized models of how knowledge could be administrated and developed as an organizational resource, and does not sufficiently recognize the social, political and emotional aspects of knowledge. In general, the knowledge of knowledge management is not situational. For instance, in what respect does the notion of knowledge take gender issues into account? This paper presents a study of clinical research activities in a major multinational pharmaceutical company and it suggests that the processes of knowing are always embedded in existing social and political, gendered assumptions and beliefs. Therefore, knowledge management needs to be further developed to avoid general problematic positions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of a new ICG‐Dye‐enhanced diode laser for percutaneous laser disc decompression
Authors: Sato Masato , Ishihara Miya , Arai Tsunenori , Asazuma Takashi , Kikuchi Toshiyuki , Hayashi Takuya , Yamada Takahiro , Kikuchi Makoto , Fujikawa Kyosuke 
Published: August 2002

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe lasers used today for Percutaneous Laser Disc Decompression (PLDD) can not selectively ablate the nucleus pulposus (NP). We hypothesized that if indocyanine green dye were injected into the NP, 805 nm diode laser irradiation would result in selective and safe removal of NP tissue without damaging nearby tissues.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwelve beagle dogs were used for three experiments, i.e., determination of attenuation coefficients of NP and AF, determination of weight of NP before and after laser irradiation, and histopathological study.ResultsThe attenuation coefficient at 805 nm of NP which had been homogenized in the presence of ICG was 2521.3/cm. Upon application of the diode laser at a power of 1, 3, or 5 W (the intensity of laser irradiation: 0.353, 1.061, or 1.768 × 103 W/cm2) to NPs into which ICG had been injected, the weight of the NPs decreased by a mean 20, 45, and 65%, respectively. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the discs after PLDD showed that only the NP where the tissues were stained by ICG were removed.ConclusionsThese results indicated that the combined use of ICG and diode laser irradiation effectively and selectively ablates the NP with low laser power. Lasers Surg. Med. 29:282–287, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adjustments in performance measures: Distributive and procedural justice effects on outcome satisfaction
Authors: Huffman Cynthia , Cain Lisa B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractAdjustments for task difficulty occur regularly in performance evaluations, but their effects on satisfaction with the evaluation process has not been studied. This article reports an experiment examining the procedural and distributive justice effects of making adjustments for task difficulty in performance evaluation. Participants examined territory difficulty and sales‐volume data for a set of salespeople and rated a focal salesperson's performance. Subjects also rated their satisfaction with their performance rating and the fairness of the process. Results show that adjusting for territory (task) difficulty influences satisfaction through an intrapersonal referent effect and through procedural fairness judgments. Results also show that an intrapersonal referent effect occurs even when social‐comparison information is available; the two referents appear to have additive rather than interactive effects. Consistent with the work of van den Bos, Lind, Vermunt, and Wilkie (1997), the procedural justice effect of adjusting for territory difficulty occurs only in the absence of social‐comparison information. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
v‐Ha‐ras mitogenic signaling through superoxide and derived reactive oxygen species
Authors: Yang Ji‐Qin , Buettner Garry R. , Domann Frederick E. , Li Qiang , Engelhardt John F. , Weydert Christine Darby , Oberley Larry W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe ras proto‐oncogene is frequently mutated in human tumors and functions to constitutively stimulate signal transduction cascades, resulting in unchecked proliferation and malignant transformation. In certain cells, superoxide functions as a signal‐transduction messenger, mediating the downstream effects of ras and rac. We demonstrated previously that v‐Ha‐ras–transfected rat kidney epithelial cells (RECs) overproduced superoxide anion and that this superoxide production was mediated by ras. In the present study, we further demonstrated that v‐Ha‐ras overexpression transformed immortal nonmalignant RECs into malignant cancer cells; v‐Ha‐ras–transfected cells formed clones in soft agar, had high plating efficiency, and formed tumors in nude mice. Our data suggest that superoxide radical plays a role in ras‐induced transformation; modulation of intracellular superoxide level by overexpression of manganese‐containing superoxide dismutase or copper‐ and zinc‐containing superoxide dismutase inhibited ras‐induced transformation, as evidenced by in vitro studies of plating efficiency and by in vivo studies of tumor formation in nude mice. Overexpression of catalase (CAT) alone was found to have little effect on tumor cell growth, but overexpression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) completely suppressed tumor cell growth in nude mice. This finding suggests that peroxides removed by GPx1, but not by CAT, are also involved in ras‐induced transformation. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of riverboat casinos on the demand for gambling at casino resorts: a theoretical and empirical investigation
Authors: Hunsaker Julie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe provide conditions under which a casino resort enjoys an increase in demand following the entry of a riverboat casino in a separate geographical market. Gambling is modeled as an ‘experience good’, whereby consumers are uncertain of the benefit they will receive from the activity prior to engaging in it. The riverboat casino provides nearby consumers with the opportunity to experience gambling without having to incur large transportation costs. Those consumers who discover that they enjoy gambling travel to the casino resort for a vacation next period. Our theoretical results are supported by empirical evidence for casinos in Las Vegas. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vascular grafts in the rat model: An anatomic study
Authors: Blain Brantley , Zhang Feng , Jones Matthew , Richards Laura , Fischer Kenneth , Dorsett‐Martin Wanda , Lineaweaver William C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractVascular grafts in animal models have been used extensively in the microsurgical laboratory, and the rat offers an excellent source of graft to meet these needs. In this study, we compiled a list of vessels that were previously identified in experimental literature for use as vascular grafts in the rat model. We then dissected and measured both arterial and venous grafts taken from these sites in 12 adult rats. The surgical procedure for approaching each vascular graft was recorded. The diameter and harvestable length, the start and end points, and the number of branches of the graft were tabulated. We believe that these data will provide valuable insight applicable to the use of the rat vascular graft in microsurgical research and training. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 21:80–83 2001
298 fs passively mode‐locked ring fiber soliton laser
Authors: Yandong Gong , Ping Shum , Dingyuan Tang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA passively mode‐locked soliton fiber‐ring laser with 298 fs FWHM pulse width was successfully achieved. The periodic variations of the spectrum width and peak wavelength with the pump power and polarization stability were investigated. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 329–333, 2002.
Resonant frequency calculation for inhomogeneous dielectric resonators using volume integral equations and face‐centered node points
Authors: Walters Keith A. , Hanson George W. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe face‐centered node‐point technique, developed earlier for scattering applications, is applied to the calculation of resonance frequencies of inhomogeneous dielectric resonators. The described method leads to a well‐conditioned matrix system suitable for numerical solution, which is not the case when the permittivity is high and conventional solution techniques (e.g., pulse functions with cell‐centered point matching) are employed. In this work, we concentrate on resonators having the shape of a parallelepiped, for which there are relatively few computational results in the literature, although the method can accommodate arbitrarily shaped structures. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 356–359, 2002.
Local oscillator leakage reduction
Authors: Lee Byungje , Lee Hark‐Yong , Kang Gi‐Cho , Lee Ho‐Joon , Kim Jong‐Heon , Lee Jong‐Chul , Kim Nam‐Young 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOne of the most important design parameters in a microwave radio transmitting system is to reduce the spurious response from an output spectrum. The spurious signal is primarily due to local oscillator (LO) leakage. Applying the leakage reduction (LR) signal that has the same magnitude and is 180° out of phase with respect to the LO leakage signal, the spurious response can be significantly reduced. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 379–381, 2002.
Gain enhancement in L‐band EDFA using a fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Harun S. W. , Poopalan P. , Ahmad H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractGain enhancement in a long‐wavelength band (L‐band) erbium‐doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is demonstrated using a broadband fiber Bragg grating (BB FBG) that reflects the L‐band amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and L‐band signal back into the system. The reflected L‐band signal is then pumped by the unused conventional band (C‐band) backward ASE, resulting in gain improvement. Gain enhancement as high as 11 dB is obtained for a 1560 nm signal, with an input power of −30 dBm at 98 mW of pump power. The noise figure for the wavelength is measured to be 4 dB. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 388–390, 2002.
Shielding effectiveness of enclosure with thick multiple apertures
Authors: Lee Joo G. , Eom Hyo J. , Kim Byung W. , Park Hyun H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis letter shows a method for approximately calculating the shielding effectiveness of a rectangular enclosure with thick multiple apertures. Numerical results illustrate the shielding effectiveness of the enclosure with various thicknesses and aperture spacings. This method is reasonably accurate up to 2/3 of the cutoff frequency associated with the longer aperture dimension. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 178–181, 2001.
Dielectric resonator antenna fed by a displaced conformal strip
Authors: Leung K. W. , Ng H. K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA strip‐excited dielectric resonator antenna with a strip displacement is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The strip displacement provides another degree of freedom in the antenna design. Both the input impedance and radiation pattern of the new configuration are studied in this letter. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 29: 185–187, 2001.
A bandwidth‐compensated transimpedance amplifier for multigigabit optical receivers
Authors: Centurelli F. , Luzzi R. , Scotti G. , Trifiletti A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn this paper, a transimpedance amplifier with an automatic bandwidth compensation circuit is presented. The proposed topology includes a transimpedance amplifier which features a bandwidth control input, and a replica bias circuit to sense the active device dc parameter variations. A Monte Carlo analysis shows a 140 MHz bandwidth variation around 8.1 GHz when a ±50% variation is considered for the transconductance and threshold voltage of the HEMT devices. The same simulation shows a 490 MHz bandwidth variation if the compensation circuit is removed. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 30: 79–81, 2001.
A new stereoisomer of stemmadenine alkaloid from Tabernaemontana heyneana
Authors: Grover Rajesh K. , Srivastva Sudhir , Kulshreshtha D. K. , Roy Raja 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA new alkaloid, 15‐β‐stemmadenine, was isolated from the fruits of Tabernaemontana heyneana Wall. from the ethanolic extract. The complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of the compound were carried out using COSY, HMQC and HMBC. Stereochemistry at C‐15 and C‐16 was established using ROESY and temperature‐dependent 1H NMR studies. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1H and 17O relaxometric investigations of the binding of Mn(II) ion to human serum albumin
Authors: Aime Silvio , Canton Simonetta , Geninatti Crich Simonetta , Terreno Enzo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMn(II) ion binds to human serum albumin (HSA) through one strong binding site (KA = 7.9 × 103 M−1) and several weaker binding sites. Through competition assays it has been shown that the strong binding site lies in a region which has been previously identified as the Cd(II) Zn(II) site. The binding of Mn(II) to HSA is strongly pH dependent (pKa ≈ 6.7), consistent with the involvement of histidine residues in the coordination of the metal ion. The analysis of 1H T1 as function of magnetic field strength and of 17O T2 as function of temperature allowed us to determine the various parameters involved in the relaxation process of the paramagnetic Mn(II) HSA adduct. The Mn(II) ion bound to HSA maintains three or four coordinated water molecules whose residence lifetime is ca 20 ns at 298 K. Interestingly, a good fitting of the NMRD profile was possible only by assuming that the protons of the coordinated water molecules experience two motional regimes, i.e. a fast local motion (probably the rotation around their coordination axis) and the slower overall motion of the whole protein. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Checkpoint for DNA integrity at the first mitosis after oocyte activation
Authors: Liu Lin , Trimarchi James R. , Smith Peter J.S. , Keefe David L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractActivation of oocytes, arrested at the meiosis II (MII) in mammals, initiates meiotic release, mitotic divisions, and development. Unlike most somatic cell types, MII arrested female germ cells lack an efficient DNA integrity checkpoint control. Here we present evidence showing a unique checkpoint for DNA integrity at first mitosis after oocyte activation. Mouse oocytes carrying intact DNA cleaved normally after meiotic release, whereas 50% of oocytes harboring damaged DNA manifested cytofragmentation, a morphological hallmark of apoptosis. If not activated, DNA‐damaged MII oocytes did not show apoptotic fragmentation. Further, activated, enucleated oocytes or enucleated fertilized oocytes also underwent cytofragmentation, implicating cytoplasmic coordination of the fragmentation process, independent of the nucleus. Depolymerization of either actin filaments or microtubules induced no cytofragmentation, but inhibited fragmentation upon oocyte activation. During the process of fragmentation, microtubule networks formed, then microtubule asters congregated at discrete locations, around which fragmented cellular bodies formed. Mitotic spindles, however, were not formed inactivated oocytes with damaged or absent DNA; in contrast, normal mitotic spindles were formed in activated oocytes with intact DNA. These results demonstrate that damaged DNA or absence of DNA leads to cytofragmentation after oocyte activation. Further, we found a mechanism of cytoskeletal involvement in the process of cytofragmentation. In addition, possible implication of the present findings in somatic cell cloning and human clinical embryology is discussed. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62: 277–288, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.