bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the Atmospheric Dynamics of HD 209458b-like Hot Jupiters Using AI-driven Image Recognition/Categorization
Authors: Sainsbury-Martinez F. , Tremblin P. , Mancip M. , Donfack S. , Honore E. , Bourenane M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In order to understand the results of recent observations of exoplanets, models have become increasingly complex. Unfortunately, this increases both the computational cost and output size of said models. We intend to explore if AI image recognition can alleviate this burden. We used DYNAMICO to run a series of HD 209458-like models with different orbital radii. Training data for a number of features of interest was selected from the initial outputs of these models. This was used to train a pair of multi-categorization convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which we applied to our outer-atmosphere-equilibrated models. The features detected by our CNNs revealed that our models fall into two regimes: models with shorter orbital radii exhibit significant global mixing that shapes the dynamics of the entire atmosphere, whereas models with longer orbital-radii exhibit negligible mixing except at mid-pressures. Here the initial nondetection of any trained features revealed a surprise: a nightside hot spot. Analysis suggests that this occurs when rotational influence is sufficiently weak that divergent flows from the dayside to the nightside dominate over rotational-driven transport, such as the equatorial jet. We suggest that image classification may play an important role in future, computational, atmospheric studies. However special care must be paid to the data feed into the model, from the color map, to training the CNN on features with enough breadth and complexity that the CNN can learn to detect them. However, by using preliminary studies and prior models, this should be more than achievable for future exascale calculations, allowing for a significant reduction in future workloads and computational resources.
Wrinkles in Time. I. Rapid Rotators Found in High-eccentricity Orbits
Authors: Rampalli Rayna , Smock Amy , Newton Elisabeth R. , Daniel Kathryne J. , Curtis Jason L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Recent space-based missions have ushered in a new era of observational astronomy, where high-cadence photometric light curves for thousands to millions of stars in the solar neighborhood can be used to test and apply stellar age-dating methods, including gyrochronology. Combined with precise kinematics, these data allow for powerful new insights into our understanding of the Milky Way’s dynamical history. Using TESS data, we build a series of rotation period measurement and confirmation pipelines and test them on 1560 stars across five benchmark samples: the Pleiades, Pisces–Eridanus, Praesepe, the Hyades, and field stars from the MEarth Project. Our pipelines’ recovery rates across these groups are, on average, 89%. We then apply these pipelines to 4085 likely single stars with TESS light curves in two interesting regions of Galactic action space. We identify 141 unique, rapidly rotating stars in highly eccentric orbits in the disk, some of which appear as rotationally young as the 120 Myr old Pleiades. Pending spectroscopic analysis to confirm their youth, this indicates that these stars were subject to fast-acting dynamical phenomena, the origin of which will be investigated in later papers in this series.
Narrativité et art-thérapie
Authors: Boyer-Labrouche Annie 
Published: November 2023

L’auteure veut montrer que l’art-thérapie et la narrativité procèdent de la même démarche de soin. Elles ont en commun le travail sur les origines, l’identité et les traumatismes. La valeur thérapeutique de la narrativité se trouve enrichie par l’art-thérapie. L’utilisation de médias, le cadre mis en place par l’art-thérapeute, l’appel à la sensorialité dans un espace transitionnel, libèrent la créativité, les productions devenant le support de l’identité narrative. La description du cas de « Monsieur B. » illustre ce parcours. Dans ce dispositif, la narrativité est aussi une médiation.
Laparoscopic management of iatrogenic colonic rupture
Authors: Al Trabulsi Hussam , Hreirati Issam , Muassess Tala 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Latrogenic colonic perforation is a rare but serious complication of colonoscopies, with a range of underlying mechanisms, including mechanical and thermal causes, for which early detection and prompt action are essential. The management of this injury should be based on individual case factors, including the size of the perforation and the time of detection. Herein, we present the case of a 36-year-old woman who was referred to our surgical facility after a suspicion of colonic perforation during a colonoscopy. The diagnosis was confirmed through a computed tomography scan of the abdomen, which showed gross pneumoperitoneum and free fluid in the pelvis. Surgery revealed a very large colonic perforation, involving most of the wall circumference, which was subsequently classified as a colonic rupture caused by mechanical injury; the perforated segment was resected and a side-to-side hand-sewn anastomosis was created; surgery was completed laparoscopically. Early detection of the perforation in a well-prepared colon allowed for primary anastomosis without the need for fecal diversion or stoma. The patient had an uncomplicated postoperative course.
Association between Serum Triglycerides and Severity of Stroke
Authors: Mohan Gurinder , Singh Rajdeep , Narang Nisha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The purpose of the present research was to study the correlation between serum triglyceride (TG) levels and the severity of stroke as limited data are available on the role of TGs. The severity of stroke was determined using the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS).

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included, who were diagnosed on clinical examination and 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain. Serum TG levels were categorized according to the National Cholesterol Education Program and the Adult Treatment Panel. Stroke severity was assessed with the help of SSS.

Results:
The mean serum TG levels in the study were found to be 147.7 mg/dl ± 92 mg/dl. The mean SSS score in the study was 27.93 ± 3.86. There was a statistically significant association between the serum TG levels and SSS (P = 0.001). The association was suggested by a positive Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.481). Patients with low serum TG levels (≤150 mg/dl) had severe strokes as assessed by the SSS (≤25).

Conclusion:
This study confirms that low levels of TG are associated with poor outcome of acute ischemic stroke, which can be explained by the fact that low serum TG levels indicate malnutrition, which is a poor prognostic factor.
The effect of thrombocytopenia in coronavirus disease patients in comparison with patients with normal platelet count
Authors: Elassal Gehan M , Mahmoud Mahmoud M , Aly Dina E 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a new coronavirus illness [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)], it spreads quickly over the world. Patients with COVID-19 frequently have changes in platelet count. The platelet count is a highly useful clinical tool for tracking patients with aggressive viral infections who have rapidly changing health conditions since it is a sensitive indicator of sickness severity.

Aim
To study thrombocytopenia as a prognostic factor in COVID-19 patients and its relation with the length of hospital stay and prognosis.

Patients and methods
A total of 60 COVID-19 patients were involved in the prospective study during the period from June 2020 to December 2020 who were admitted to the isolation hospital, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Then for each patient, complete blood count at admission was done, repeated on day 7, day 14, and day 21. Patients were followed regarding the length of hospital stay and mortality.

Results
Out of 60 patients, 10 (16.6%) patients were thrombocytopenic. The length of hospital stay was significantly higher in a thrombocytopenic group. There was a high statistically significant difference between the normal platelets count group and the thrombocytopenic groups regarding outcome (P<0.001). In thrombocytopenic patients, five (50%) showed deterioration, four (40%) patients died and one patient in this group showed complete recovery.

Conclusion
Thrombocytopenia is associated with increased length of hospital stay and poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19.
The nasal route, advanced drug delivery systems and evaluation: a review
Authors: Rutvik Kaneriya , Meshva Patel , Dinal Patel , Mansi Dholakia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Nasal drug delivery is a well-known alternative to oral and parenteral drug delivery systems. Protein, peptides, hormones, and vaccines are the sensitive molecules for the oral route; hence those can be reached via nasal delivery. The nasal way has several advantages: higher permeability, more vasculature, less contact with enzymes due to less nasal space, and no hepatic first-pass metabolism. Therefore, it is a suitable route for sensitive drug molecules. Different applicators can deliver solid, liquid, and semisolid formulations for treating various diseases. The present review considers a brief introduction to the nasal route and problems associated with the nasal course for drug delivery, conventional and novel formulations, their applications, and evaluation parameters. Moreover, some of the marketed formulations for the nasal route of drug delivery systems and patented technologies are tabulated by reviewing the previous and updated literature.
Effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on sleep architecture: comparative study between geriatrics and middle-aged adult patients
Authors: El-Helbawy Rana H , Kasemy Zeinab A , Eid Hanaa A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disordered breathing in geriatrics but still frequently undiagnosed. Sleep architecture changes with ageing. Geriatrics spend more time in the N1, N2 than in N3, REM. Also, there are more frequent awakenings, arousals and sleep stage shifts. This leads to decrease in sleep efficiency. Geriatric patients with OSA have more affected sleep architecture than middle-aged adults.

The aim
This work aimed to assess and compare sleep architecture changes in geriatrics versus middle-aged adult patients with OSA syndrome.

Patients and methods
This comparative study conducted in chest department Menoufia University Hospitals included 50 patients divided to two equal groups; geriatric group age 65 years old or more and middle-aged adult group aged from 18 to 50 years old. All patients were complaining of symptoms suggestive of OSA. All patients underwent sleep questionnaires and Polysomnography using model; Philipsrespironic alice6.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding sex, smoking, co morbidities, BMI and symptoms. Regarding changes in sleep architecture, geriatric group showed a significantly higher Sleep latency and wakefulness after sleep onset in comparison to middle-aged adults (P=0.004 and 0.039, respectively) versus significantly lower Sleep efficiency, N3%, REM% (P=0.009,0.011 and 0.001, respectively). The median Total Apnea-Hypopnea index was 40.2 (/h sleep) in geriatric group and 35.4 in middle-aged adult group. Regarding severity of OSA; geriatric group showed mild OSA in five (20%) patients, moderate in five (20%) patient and severe in 15 (60%) patients. Middle-aged adults showed mild OSA in 10 (40%) patients, moderate in two (8%) patients, and severe in 13 (52%) patients.

Conclusions
Sleep architecture is affected in all OSA patients, but these changes are more obvious in geriatric patients. Geriatric patients have higher wakefulness after sleep onset and sleep latency. On the other hand, they have a lower N3%, REM% and sleep efficiency.
A randomized trial comparing the effects of electrical stimulation of the quadriceps muscle and decreased trigger sensitivity plus exercise breathing after discharge on mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to those receiving standard care in terms of 30-day mortality, hospital readmission, and health-related quality of life
Authors: Abdeen Ashraf , Shaaban Lamiaa , Mahran Safaa A , Farghaly Shereen , Saleh Hend M 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
To compare the effectiveness of ES and TS plus exercise breathing after discharge on mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to those receiving standard care in terms of 30-day mortality, hospital readmission, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Patients and methods
The current study was a randomized controlled trial. It included 108 newly admitted patients with COPD to RICU, Chest Department, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt, between June 2018 and May 2020. They were divided into two groups: group I received the usual care plus ES and TS plus breathing exercise, and group II received the usual care alone. Thirty-day mortality, hospital readmission, and HRQOL assessed by MFR-28 were recorded and evaluated. Student t test, Mann–Whitney U test, χ
2 test, and Fisher exact test were performed to analyze the data.

Results
A total of 108 patients with COPD were included. Early rehabilitation program (ES and TS) plus exercise breathing for patients with COPD in the ICU showed decreased 30-day mortality, decreased hospital readmission, and improved HRQOL as compared with patients with COPD who received usual care.

Conclusion
Patients with COPD who were treated with an early rehabilitation program (ES and TS) combined with exercise breathing had a better prognosis and a higher QOL.
Clinical trial.gov
The study was registered under NCT03253380.
Ultrasonography Imaging versus Waveform Capnography in Detecting Endotracheal Tube Placement during Intubation at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Maskay Shirish Shakti , Shrestha Ninadini , Bastola Priska , Pradhan Bishwas , Shrestha Anil 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
There is continued research to find new faster, highly accurate, easily accessible, and portable methods of confirming endotracheal tube position during intubation. A newer modality for visualizing endotracheal tube location is transtracheal or transcricothyroid ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to see if ultrasound machine can also be routinely used for the confirmation of endotracheal tube position in operating theaters along with capnograph.

Methods:
The study was observational and prospective, conducted from January 2017 to July 2017. Study locations were at the Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center operating rooms. Sample size taken was 95.

Results:
In the study, 11 patients had esophageal intubation out of the 95. The accuracy of both ultrasonography and capnography was found to be 96.84%. For ultrasonography, the sensitivity, specificity, along with positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.62%, 90.91%, 98.80%, and 83.33%, respectively, while that for capnography were found to be 96.43%, 100%, 100%, and 78.57%, respectively. The kappa value was calculated to be 0.749, which suggested the degree of agreement of result between the methods to be good. Compared to capnography, ultrasonography was found to be significantly faster for the confirmation of endotracheal tube location by 16.36 s (15.70–17.02) (P = 0.011).

Conclusion:
Both waveform capnography and ultrasonography were found to be accurate and reliable in confirming endotracheal tube location. The use of ultrasound during intubation can help confirm endotracheal tube location faster and also aid in precision when used along with capnography. Manual bag ventilations are not necessary when confirming endotracheal tube position by ultrasonography and thus may help in preventing aspiration of gastric contents into the lungs of the patient.
Glucagon in health and diabetes
Authors: Chawla Rajeev , Jaggi Shalini 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
For decades all attention focused on the hormone insulin as a key player in diabetes and the role of glucagon was less studied or understood. We now know that both these pancreatic hormones play a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body and the secretion of one controls the secretion of the other in an inverse relationship as described by the bihormonal theory of Unger. Glucagon, secreted by the α-cells of the islets of pancreas is a key hormone that has a “hyperglycemic” effect and is secreted in response to low plasma glucose concentration. Besides hypoglycemia, glucagon release is also stimulated by prolonged fasting or starvation, exercise as well as consumption of protein-rich meals. It is regulated by several key endocrine and paracrine mechanisms and the autonomic system in response to various stimuli including nutrient intake through various complex neurohormonal factors. It primarily increases endogenous hepatic glucose production, stimulates lipid and protein catabolism, and plays a key role in appetite regulation and increasing energy expenditure. Therefore, glucagon functions as a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin stimulating hepatic glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and ketogenesis. With mounting evidence, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of diabetes following the advent of new agents that address different pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to worsening hyperglycemia. Targeting the alpha-cell defect and consequent glucagon hypersecretion has therefore emerged as an important therapeutic strategy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management as well as body weight management. The currently available medications, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors, and amylin mimics (pramlintide), essentially focus on lowering glucagon levels and correcting this critical pathophysiological component in the multifactorial T2DM management strategies.
Glucagon-related advancements in diabetes therapy
Authors: Sinha Binayak , Ghosal Samit , Mukhopadhyay Satinath , Hussain Akhtar , Mohan Anjana Ranjit , Schwarz Peter , Xavier Francesc Xavier Cos 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Traditionally, treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) centered on the failure of insulin secretion from the beta cells of the pancreas and insulin resistance. Though effective in certain respects, these treatments are marred by multiple undesirable side effects. The discovery of the incretin defect and the role of glucagon in T2D shifted the focus to therapies that addressed not only the beta cell defect but also the alpha cell defect in the pancreas. Therapies addressing these defects, simultaneously, have switched the entire focus of T2D therapy by not only improving glycemic control but also reducing the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain and improving outcomes. These newer modalities of treatment started off with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs), and now further treatments in the form of twincretins (GLP1/GIP dual agonists) and triple agonists (GLP1/GIP/glucagon agonists) are unraveling. This article provides a summary of the evidence available with these newer antidiabetics, which address the glucagon defect in T2D.
Diplomasi, Konflik, Dan Kemerdekaan: Pembebasan Irian Barat (1949-1962)
Authors: Marshanda Wanda 
Published: November 2023

Pembebasan Irian Barat adalah rangkaian peristiwa sejarah yang mencakup upaya diplomatik, politik, dan militer Indonesia untuk mendapatkan kendali penuh atas wilayah yang sebelumnya berada di bawah administrasi Belanda. Tulisan ni bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi diplomasi, konfrontasi militer dan peran perjanjian New York serta Pepera yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia dalam pembebeasan irian Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah, yang terdiri dari pemilihan topik, heuristik atau pengumpulan sumber, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Selama periode Demokrasi Liberal sejumlah kabinet yang berkuasa di Indonesia terlibat dalam upaya diplomasi untuk mencapai tujuan pembebasan Irian Barat. Selain itu terdapat pula konfrontasi militer yang disebut dengan Trikora (Tri Komando Rakyat) yang mulai digaungkan pada tahun 1961. Meskipun sengketa tersebut melibatkan konfrontasi militer, pemerintah Indonesia juga menjalankan diplomasi melalui Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB), menghasilkan perjanjian New York pada 1962 dan Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat (Pepera) pada 1969. Hasil Pepera menunjukkan mayoritas penduduk Irian Barat mendukung bergabung dengan Indonesia. Secara simbolis, pemberian kedaulatan penuh Irian Barat kepada Indonesia terjadi pada tahun 1963 melalui pembentukan United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA). Namun, langkah signifikan berikutnya menuju konsensus internasional terjadi pada tahun 1969, ketika PBB secara resmi mengakui hasil Pepera yang menegaskan bahwa Irian Barat akan tetap menjadi bagian integral dari Indonesia.
An integrated approach to Correcting the Physical and Psychoemotional State of female students working with migrant children
Authors: Galan Yaroslav , Moseychuk Yuriy , Dotsyuk Lidiia , Kushnir Iryna , Moroz Olena , Vaskan Ivan , Yarmak Olena , Kurnyshev Yurii , Lohush Lesia , Bohdanyuk Antonina , Nataliia Kuchumova , Brazhaniuk Andrii , Baіdіuk Mykola , Beshlei Olga 
Published: November 2023

The article aims to investigate the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the Physical and Psychoemotional state of female students working with migrant children”, which combines psycho-training practical classes and training classes in health fitness. Materials and methods. The program includes psycho-training practical sessions to develop psychological well-being, stress resistance and psychological harmony, and health fitness training sessions to improve the body's functional state. The program integrates physical and psychological aspects of health. Forty-four female students of the 1st-2nd years of the Yuriy Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University of the Faculty of Physical Culture and Human Health took part in the pedagogical experiment. Results. We found that the program for correcting the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students, which included psycho-training practical classes and health fitness training classes, contributed to a decrease in the values of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and pelvic circumference (p<0.05; p<0.001). The results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05; p<0.001) between the initial and final stages of the study. After using the developed program, we observed statistically significant changes (p < 0.05) in situational and personal anxiety levels. The percentage of female students with a high level of situational anxiety decreased from 27.3 % to 0.0 %, and the average level decreased from 54.5 % to 15.9 %. Personality anxiety also reduced from a high of 43.2 % to 0.0 %, and the intermediate level decreased from 54.5 % to 20.5 %. Conclusions. The results of our study confirm the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students working with migrant children” in improving the physical development, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychological well-being of the participants. The application of the program led to a decrease in anxiety, an improvement in body composition, a reduction in the volume of adipose tissue, and an increase in the adaptation capabilities of the body.
Key words: correction program, physical condition, psycho-emotional well-being, female students, immigrant children.