bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the Ponseti method for congenital clubfoot in patients with arthrogryposis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Bravin Augusto Cesar , Ferraz Ferreira Gabriel , Nogueira Monica Paschoal 
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to address the Ponseti method in arthrogrypotic clubfoot treatment and evaluate the success, complication, and recurrence rates. Method: A systematic review was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases on 9 January 2023, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Success, recurrence, and complication rates were evaluated and analyzed. Risks of bias and the quality of the studies were also evaluated. Results: Five case series, including 53 patients (102 feet), were identified. According to this model, the initial success rate was 91% (95% confidence interval = 0.79–0.96) with I2 = 43%, and the final success was 68% (at 5.8 years of follow-up). Recurrence rate was 30% (95% confidence interval = 0.14–0.52). Conclusion: Ponseti method is indicated in the initial treatment of arthrogrypotic clubfeet, as it is a minimally invasive method with a high correction rate (91%). However, a high recurrence rate (30%) requires early detection and adequate treatment. Level of evidence: Level III PROSPERO Protocol: CRD42020210373
Utilization of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Among West Virginia Medicaid Enrollees Following Medicaid Coverage of Methadone
Authors: Harris Samantha J. , Landis Rachel K. , Li Wenshu , Stein Bradley D. , Saloner Brendan 
Published: December 2023

Background: West Virginia entered an institution for mental disease Section 1115 waiver with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services in 2018, which allowed Medicaid to cover methadone at West Virginia’s nine opioid treatment programs (OTPs) for the first time. Methods: We conducted time trend and geospatial analyses of Medicaid enrollees between 2016 and 2019 to examine medications for opioid use disorder utilization patterns following Medicaid coverage of methadone, focusing on distance to an OTP as a predictor of initiating methadone and conditional on receiving any, longer treatment duration. Results: Following Medicaid coverage of methadone in 2018, patients receiving methadone comprised 9.5% of all Medicaid enrollees with an opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis and 10.6% in 2019 ( P < 0.01). In 2018, two-thirds of methadone patients either had no prior OUD diagnosis or were not previously enrolled in Medicaid in our observation period. Patients residing within 20 miles of an OTP were more likely to receive methadone (marginal effect [ME]: −0.041, P < 0.001). Similarly, patients residing in metropolitan areas were more likely to receive treatment than those residing in nonmetropolitan areas (ME: −0.019, P < 0.05). Metropolitan patients traveled an average of 15 miles to an OTP; nonmetropolitan patients traveled more than twice as far ( P < 0.001). We found no significant association between distance and treatment duration. Conclusions: West Virginia Medicaid’s new methadone coverage was associated with an influx of new enrollees with OUD, many of whom had no previous OUD diagnosis or prior Medicaid enrollment. Methadone patients frequently traveled far distances for treatment, suggesting that the state needs additional OTPs and innovative methadone delivery models to improve availability.
Why Substance Use Screening Frequency Matters in Adult Primary Care
Authors: Drnach-Bonaventura Grace M. , Moore Debra W. , Scott Georgie L. , Cloutier Renee M. , Pringle Janice L. 
Published: December 2023

Background: Evidence-based early intervention practices, such as screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT), are recommended to identify unhealthy use and provide linkages to treatment to prevent substance use disorder. However, there is a lack of screening frequency recommendations. Pennsylvania (PA) SBIRT was a five-year initiative to implement SBIRT in primary care sites. This study evaluated the effects of screening policies in PA SBIRT on changes in substance use risk category over time. Methods: Quantitative data were obtained from seven primary care sites implementing SBIRT, with patients who were screened twice using the Drug Abuse Screening Test, US Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, or the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test and experienced any risk category change (n = 1,364). Patients were 49% male, 51% female, 81% White, and 14% Black. An intercept-only generalized estimating equation model tested whether category changes between screen one and screen two were statistically significant. Results: The average number of months between screenings for those experiencing a risk category change was 9.01 with a range of 0 to 46 months. There was a statistically significant change between screening one and screening two ( P > 0.001), with 44% undergoing a decrease in risk category and 56% undergoing an increase in risk category. Of those undergoing an increase in risk category, 91% moved from a negative/low risk category to a positive/higher risk category. Conclusions: Results suggest that frequent screening policies may improve identification of substance use risk category changes. The results act as a catalyst to further evaluate recommended screening intervals for detecting unhealthy substance use to increase identification and patient connection.
Recovery Support and Capacity Assessment Using the Calculating an Adequate System Tool: Two Case Studies
Authors: Green Brandn , Cao Qiuchang (Katy) , McCloskey Rebecca , Kim Frances 
Published: December 2023

Background: There are multiple, reliable, and authoritative federally managed data sources for understanding the incidence and prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) and its sequela. However, there remains a gap in metrics representing the need and capacity for treatment and related supports within local communities. To address this challenge, Calculating an Adequate System Tool (CAST) was developed in 2016 by an interdisciplinary group of researchers at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality to assess the capacity of the SUD care system within a defined geographic area. It allows for risk assessment of local social and community determinants of substance abuse, as well as an assessment of local service needs across the continuum of SUD care. Methods: This article describes the application of the CAST to 2 counties in Ohio and 1 county in Montana. The purpose of using CAST for each area, results of the application, and experiences in utilizing the tool are described. Results: Application of the CAST demonstrated unique findings within each of the geographic areas. In Ohio, recovery support services were lacking in both counties assessed, while differences in crime rate and alcohol outlet density were attributed to varying rates of drug-related hospitalization. Notable findings in Montana included an oversaturation of coalitions focused on substance use prevention and gaps in the areas of detoxification services, partial day treatment, recovery residences, and peer support specialists. Conclusions: CAST is a useful tool for guiding decision-making relative to substance use care needs and capacities for local geographic areas. Findings should be interpreted thoughtfully and in the context of data availability. CAST continues to be enhanced and further expanded for assessing capacity of local and statewide substance use care systems.
High Interest in Injectable Opioid Agonist Treatment With Hydromorphone Among Urban Syringe Service Program Participants
Authors: Fox Aaron D. , Riback Lindsey , Perez-Correa Andres , Ohlendorf Eric , Ghiroli Megan , Behrends Czarina Navos , López-Castro Teresa 
Published: December 2023

Background: Injectable opioid agonist treatment with hydromorphone (iOAT-H) is effective for persons who inject drugs (PWID) with opioid use disorder (OUD) but remains unavailable in the United States. Our objective was to determine interest in iOAT-H among syringe services program (SSP) participants. Methods: We recruited PWID with OUD from SSPs in New York City. Interest in iOAT-H was assessed on a 4-point scale. We compared participants who were and were not interested in iOAT-H regarding sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported variables (past 30 days): heroin use, public injection practices, and participation in illegal activity other than drug possession. Participants reported their preferred OUD treatment and reasons for these preferences. Results: Of 108 participants, most were male (69%), Hispanic (68%), and median age was 42 years. The median number of prior OUD treatment episodes was 6 (interquartile range: 2-12). Most (65%) were interested in iOAT-H. Interested participants (vs not interested) reported, over the prior 30 days, greater heroin use days (mean, 26.4 vs 22.3), injecting in public more times (median, 15 vs 6), and a higher percentage having participated in illegal activity (40% vs 16%). Preferences for OUD treatment were: iOAT-H (43%), methadone (39%), and buprenorphine (9%). Participants who preferred iOAT-H to conventional OUD treatments reported preferring injection as a route of administration and that available OUD treatments helped them insufficiently. Conclusions: SSP participants with OUD reported high interest in iOAT-H. Participants had attempted conventional treatments but still used heroin almost daily. We identified PWID at risk for opioid-related harms who potentially could benefit from iOAT-H.
In Support of Community Drug Checking Programs: Position Statement of AMERSA, Inc. (Association for Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Substance use and Addiction)
Authors: Hill Katherine , Dunham Katherine , Brokos Zoe , Butner Jenna L. , Hull Ilana , Sue Kimberly L. , Li Li , Thakarar Kinna 
Published: December 2023

Background: Position statements clarify key issues that are in alignment with the vision, mission, and values of the AMERSA, Inc. (Association for Multidisciplinary Education and Research in Substance use and Addiction). This Position Statement, endorsed by the AMERSA Board of Directors on October 3, 2023, amplifies the position of the organization, guides their activities, and informs the public and policymakers on the organization’s stance on this issue. Issue: The unregulated drug supply in the United States evolves constantly, leaving those who use drugs potentially unaware of new adulterants in their drugs. Not knowing that information can leave people vulnerable to serious adverse events such as fatal overdoses, wounds, and other health consequences. Without real-time data on the composition of drugs available in a community, healthcare providers and public health practitioners are left with insufficient data, making it increasingly difficult to know how to best serve people who use drugs. In this context, community-based drug checking has become recognized as an important harm reduction strategy with the potential to provide those who use drugs with more information about their supply. Recommendations: It is imperative to expand funding and increase access to drug checking programs in communities across the United States. Key policy changes, such as those related to decriminalizing drug and drug paraphernalia possession, are needed to increase the utilization of drug checking programs. Protection of persons who use drugs through harm reduction strategies, including drug checking programs needs to be widely available and accessible.
Association between elevated white blood cell counts and thrombotic events in polycythemia vera: analysis from REVEAL
Authors: Gerds Aaron T. , Mesa Ruben , Burke John M. , Grunwald Michael R. , Stein Brady L. , Squier Peg , Yu Jingbo , Hamer-Maansson J. E. , Oh Stephen T. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by clonal proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells and is associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events (TEs). Established risk factors for TEs in patients with PV include advanced age, TE history, and elevated hematocrit. Although an association of TE with elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts has been suggested by retrospective studies, this relationship needs further validation. The prospective observational study of patients with polycythemia vera in US clinical practices (REVEAL) study collected prospective clinical data from 2510 patients with PV with a median follow-up of 44.7 months (range, 2-59 months) from enrollment. Using time-dependent covariate Cox proportional hazards models, blood counts were individually modeled with sex, age, disease duration, TE history at enrollment (baseline covariates), and treatment (time-dependent covariate). Analysis of 2271 participants identified 142 TEs in 106 patients. Significant associations with initial TE occurrence during the study period were observed for hematocrit level &gt;45% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.234-2.749; P = .0028) and WBCs &gt;11 × 109/L (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.598-3.465; P &lt; .0001). Elevated WBC count was significantly associated with initial TE occurrence in both low-risk and high-risk PV. When hematocrit was controlled at ≤45%, WBC count &gt;12 × 109/L was significantly associated with TE occurrence (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.066-3.554; P = .0300). The results support incorporation of WBC count into PV risk stratification and studies of treatment strategies, and indicate the importance of controlling both hematocrit and WBC count in disease management. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02252159.
Targeting factor XI and factor XIa to prevent thrombosis
Authors: Gailani David , Gruber Andras 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) that inhibit the coagulation proteases thrombin or factor Xa (FXa) have replaced warfarin and other vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for most indications requiring long-term anticoagulation. In many clinical situations, DOACs are as effective as VKAs, cause less bleeding, and do not require laboratory monitoring. However, because DOACs target proteases that are required for hemostasis, their use increases the risk of serious bleeding. Concerns over therapy-related bleeding undoubtedly contribute to undertreatment of many patients who would benefit from anticoagulation therapy. There is considerable interest in the plasma zymogen factor XI (FXI) and its protease form factor XIa (FXIa) as drug targets for treating and preventing thrombosis. Laboratory and epidemiologic studies support the conclusion that FXI contributes to venous and arterial thrombosis. Based on 70 years of clinical observations of patients lacking FXI, it is anticipated that drugs targeting this protein will cause less severe bleeding than warfarin or DOACs. In phase 2 studies, drugs that inhibit FXI or FXIa prevent venous thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty as well as, or better than, low molecular weight heparin. Patients with heart disease on FXI or FXIa inhibitors experienced less bleeding than patients taking DOACs. Based on these early results, phase 3 trials have been initiated that compare drugs targeting FXI and FXIa to standard treatments or placebo. Here, we review the contributions of FXI to normal and abnormal coagulation and discuss results from preclinical, nonclinical, and clinical studies of FXI and FXIa inhibitors.
Clearance of VWF by hepatic macrophages is critical for the protective effect of ADAMTS13 in sickle cell anemia mice
Authors: Shi Huiping , Gao Liang , Kirby Nicole , Shao Bojing , Shan Xindi , Kudo Mariko , Silasi Robert , McDaniel John Michael , Zhou Meixiang , McGee Samuel , Jing Wei , Lupu Florea , Cleuren Audrey , George James N. , Xia Lijun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although it is caused by a single-nucleotide mutation in the β-globin gene, sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a systemic disease with complex, incompletely elucidated pathologies. The mononuclear phagocyte system plays critical roles in SCA pathophysiology. However, how heterogeneous populations of hepatic macrophages contribute to SCA remains unclear. Using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics via multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization, we identified distinct macrophage populations with diversified origins and biological functions in SCA mouse liver. We previously found that administering the von Willebrand factor (VWF)–cleaving protease ADAMTS13 alleviated vaso-occlusive episode in mice with SCA. Here, we discovered that the ADAMTS13-cleaved VWF was cleared from the circulation by a Clec4f+Marcohigh macrophage subset in a desialylation-dependent manner in the liver. In addition, sickle erythrocytes were phagocytized predominantly by Clec4f+Marcohigh macrophages. Depletion of macrophages not only abolished the protective effect of ADAMTS13 but exacerbated vaso-occlusive episode in mice with SCA. Furthermore, promoting macrophage-mediated VWF clearance reduced vaso-occlusion in SCA mice. Our study demonstrates that hepatic macrophages are important in the pathogenesis of SCA, and efficient clearance of VWF by hepatic macrophages is critical for the protective effect of ADAMTS13 in SCA mice.
Type 1 VWD classification revisited: novel insights from combined analysis of the LoVIC and WiN studies
Authors: Atiq Ferdows , Blok Robin , van Kwawegen Calvin B. , Doherty Dearbhla , Lavin Michelle , van der Bom Johanna G. , O'Connell Niamh M. , de Meris Joke , Ryan Kevin , Schols Saskia E. M. , Byrne Mary , Heubel-Moenen Floor C. J. I. , van Galen Karin P. M. , Preston Roger J. S. , Cnossen Marjon H. , Fijnvandraat Karin , Baker Ross I. , Meijer Karina , James Paula , Di Paola Jorge , Eikenboom Jeroen , Leebeek Frank W. G. , O'Donnell James S. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There is significant ongoing debate regarding type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD) defintion. Previous guidelines recommended patients with von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels &lt;30 IU/dL be diagnosed type 1 VWD, whereas patients with significant bleeding and VWF levels from 30 to 50 IU/dL be diagnosed with low VWF. To elucidate the relationship between type 1 VWD and low VWF in the context of age-induced increases in VWF levels, we combined data sets from 2 national cohort studies: 162 patients with low VWF from the Low VWF in Ireland Cohort (LoVIC) and 403 patients with type 1 VWD from the Willebrand in The Netherlands (WiN) studies. In 47% of type 1 VWD participants, VWF levels remained &lt;30 IU/dL despite increasing age. Conversely, VWF levels increased to the low VWF range (30-50 IU/dL) in 30% and normalized (&gt;50 IU/dL) in 23% of type 1 VWD cases. Crucially, absolute VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) levels and increase of VWF:Ag per year overlapped between low VWF and normalized type 1 VWD participants. Moreover, multiple regression analysis demonstrated that VWF:Ag levels in low VWF and normalized type 1 VWD patients would not have been different had they been diagnosed at the same age (β = 0.00; 95% confidence interval, −0.03 to 0.04). Consistently, no difference was found in the prevalence of VWF sequence variants; factor VIII activity/VWF:Ag or VWF propeptide/VWF:Ag ratios; or desmopressin responses between low VWF and normalized type 1 VWD patients. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that low VWF does not constitute a discrete clinical or pathological entity. Rather, it is part of an age-dependent type 1 VWD evolving phenotype. Collectively, these data have important implications for future VWD classification criteria.
Codon usage and evolutionary dynamics of genetic diversity of novel imported porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China
Authors: Xie Chang-zhan , Zhang Ping , Tao Yi-mo , Wang Qi , Jin Ning-yi , Lu Hui-jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a problem that has significant economic impact on the global pig industry. In recent years, there has been an increased importation of pork into China, contributing to the emergence of novely imported porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) sub-types. Nevertheless, codon usage patterns and their effects on the evolution and adaptation of these new input PRRSV sub-types in hosts remain elusive. To investigate this, we employed a Bayesian approach to analyze two novel imported PRRSV sub-types, namely, NADC30-like and NADC34-like viruses. These sub-types have different codon preferences. Besides, the Effective Number of Codon (ENC) analysis revealed that both NADC30-like and NADC34-like fall within the expected curve distribution, describing a balanced codon usage for both NADC30-like and NADC34-like virus. Based on the Codon Adaptation Index (CAI), NADC30-like showed the highest similarity to the host, aligning with the main prevalence trend of the host. In contrast, NADC34-like exhibited the highest frequency of optimal codon usage; this analysis is based on Frequency of Optimal Codons (FOP). Moreover, the Relative Codon Deoptimization Index (RCDI) indicates that NADC30-like sub-types have a greater degree of inverse optimization sub-type. These findings suggest that mutational pressure affects codon usage preferences of genes in newly imported PRRSV, and that natural selection plays a vital role in determining PRRSV gene codon preferences. Our study provides new insights into the disease, origin, evolutionary patterns, and host adaptation of these newly imported PRRSV sub-types in China. It also contributes to the development of theoretical frameworks for studying genetics and the evolution of PRRSV.
Preparation of a highly specific and sensitive monoclonal antibody against tilmicosin and its application in lateral flow immunoassay
Authors: Wang Youyi , Li Qingyue , Liang Guanghua , Li Huayun , Li Zizhe , Gao Tian , Song Lianjun , Huang Xianqing , Peng Dapeng , Zhang Xiya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo reduce the false positive results caused by cross reactivity of the antibodies with other structural analogues, it is crucial to prepare a high specificity and sensitivity antibody against target for developing an accurate immunoassay. In this study, tilmicosin (TM) was selected as a model molecule. Firstly, two-dimensional similarity, electrostatic potential energy, mulliken atomic charges and overlapping of different haptens with TM were calculated using Gaussian 09W and Discovery studio, and the newly designed TM-HS was selected as the optimal hapten. Furthermore, a monoclonal antibody (mAb 12C8) was produced with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.36 ng/mL, and negligible cross-reactivity (CR) with other antibiotics. Finally, a lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) for the detection of TM based on amorphous carbon nanoparticles (ACNPs) labeled mAb 12C8 was developed by the reflectance value under natural light. The recoveries of TM ranged from 83.18% to 103.25% with a coefficient of variation (CV) < 12.47%. The results showed that the cut-off value of TM in milk samples was 1 ng/mL, and the limits of detection (LODs) for chicken muscle, bovine muscle, porcine muscle and porcine liver samples were 5.23, 5.98, 6.85 and 7.31 μg/kg, respectively. In addition, 40 real samples were tested by the LFA, and the detection results were consisted with that of high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detector (HPLC–UV). Those results indicated that the developed LFA is an accurate and useful tool for on-site screening of TM in milk and animal tissues.