bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A target region extraction method for ultrasound medical images based on improvedPRIDNetandUCTransNet
Authors: Zhai Jintao , Tian Feng , Li Ang , Qian Shengyou , Wang Runmin , Zou Xiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractComputer‐aided diagnosis is pivotal in augmenting the diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound images. Nonetheless, the substantial presence of noise and artifacts in ultrasound images presents a challenge to the precise segmentation of the target region. To highlight and analyze the diagnostic information such as tissues, organs, and lesions in ultrasound medical images more accurately, a target region extraction method combining the improved PRIDNet and UCTransNet for ultrasound medical images is proposed. The method sequentially enhances and segments the target region of the image, thereby solving the problem of inconspicuous target region caused by noise and artifacts in ultrasound images. There are three key characteristics: (i) The feature extraction part of the enhancement network (improved PRIDNet) is redesigned for speckle noise to improve the network's ability to extract information and highlight the feature information of the target region in ultrasound images. (ii) The segmentation network with the addition of the underlying information on UCTransNet would effectively improves Channel‐wise Cross fusion Transformer (CCT) and decoder feature fusion capability. (iii) By combining the enhancement network with the segmentation network, we can further improve the segmentation accuracy of the target region in the presence of noise interference. The experiments conducted on both UFSU that we prepared and on some public datasets including BUSI, FHC, and CT2US have demonstrated that The proposed method attains MIoU, DSC, Acc, and HD of 96.34%, 98.12%, 99.35%, and 8.64 in CT2US, respectively. The method significantly surpasses those certain state‐of‐the‐art methods, demonstrating its potential to offer valuable guidance for clinical treatment. The code will be publicly released athttps://github.com/425877/Target-Region-Extraction-Method-for-Ultrasound-Medical-Images.
Changes in guilt cognitions mediate the effect of trauma‐informed guilt reduction therapy on PTSD and depression outcomes
Authors: Kline Alexander C. , Harlé Katia M. , Panza Kaitlyn E. , Nichter Brandon , Lyons Robert , Pitts Michelle , Haller Moira , Allard Carolyn B. , Capone Christy , Norman Sonya B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTrauma‐informed guilt reduction therapy (TrIGR), a six‐session cognitive behavioral therapy targeting trauma‐related guilt and distress, reduces guilt and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, yet little is known regarding how and why TrIGR may be effective.MethodThis study examined treatment‐related changes in avoidant coping and trauma‐related guilt cognitions as possible mediators of treatment effects on PTSD and depression outcomes at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up. Data were from a randomized controlled trial for treatment of trauma‐related guilt comparing TrIGR and supportive care therapy among 145 post‐9/11 US veterans (Mage = 39.2 [8.1], 93.8% male).ResultsAt pretreatment, most (86%) met PTSD criteria. Intent to treat analyses using parallel mediation models indicated changes in guilt cognitions, but not avoidant coping, mediated the effect of TrIGR on reducing PTSD severity at 3‐month (a × b = −0.15, p < 0.01, 95% CI: [−0.24 to −0.06], p = 0.001) and 6‐month (a × b = −0.17, 95% CI: [−0.26 to −0.07], p = 0.001) follow‐up. Similarly, changes in guilt cognitions, but not avoidant coping, mediated the effect of TrIGR on reducing depression severity at 3‐month (a × b = −0.10, 95% CI: [−0.18 to −0.02], p = 0.02) and 6‐month (a × b = −0.11, 95% CI: [−0.20 to −0.03], p = 0.01) follow‐up.ConclusionsCompared to guilt cognitions, changes in avoidant coping were less integral to downstream PTSD and depression symptom reduction. Guilt cognition change may be a salient active ingredient of PTSD and depression treatment for those with trauma‐related guilt and a key therapy element to which providers should be attuned.
Exposure‐Response Relationships for Pralsetinib in Patients with RET‐Altered Thyroid Cancer or RET Fusion‐Positive Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kassir Nastya , McDougall David , Kuruvilla Denison , Kim Sean , Kumar Shaun , Rahman Ahmadur , Ruf Thorsten , Cheeti Sravanthi , Ankrom Wendy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPralsetinib is a highly potent oral kinase inhibitor of oncogenic RET (rearranged during transfection) fusions and mutations. Pralsetinib received approval from the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with metastatic RET fusion‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and received accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with RET fusion‐positive thyroid cancer. Exposure–response (ER) analyses of efficacy were performed separately in patients with thyroid cancer and in patients with NSCLC, but data for all patients were pooled for the safety analysis. ER models were developed with time‐varying exposure; the effect of covariates was also examined. For patients with NSCLC, a higher starting dose was associated with improved progression‐free survival (PFS), but this improvement did not correlate with a higher exposure overall. Significant covariates included sex and baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score. For patients with thyroid cancer, a higher exposure was associated with improved PFS. Significant covariates included prior systemic cancer therapy and ECOG score. For safety, higher exposure was associated with a greater risk of grade ≥3 anemia, pneumonia, and lymphopenia. Patients with an ECOG score of ≥1 had an increased risk of grade ≥3 pneumonia. Non‐White patients had a lower risk of grade ≥3 lymphopenia. ER analysis revealed that higher pralsetinib exposure was associated with improved PFS in thyroid cancer, but not in NSCLC. However, a higher starting dose (ie, 400 vs ≤300 mg daily) was correlated with better PFS for all indications. Higher exposure was also associated with an increased risk of grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs); however, the overall incidence of these events was acceptably low (≤20%). This analysis supports the use of a 400 mg starting dose of pralsetinib, allowing for dose reduction in the event of AEs.
Family‐based preventive intervention for children of parents with severe mental illness: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Müller Anne Dorothee , Gjøde Ida Christine Tholstrup , Thams Nikolaj , Ingversen Sidsel , Moszkowicz Mala , Jepsen Jens Richardt Møllegaard , Mikkelsen Lisbeth Juhl , Nielsen Signe Sofie , Hemager Nicoline , Nordentoft Merete , Thorup Anne A. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren of parents with a severe mental illness have an increased risk of developing a lifetime mental illness. We aimed to compare the effects of a preventive family‐based intervention, VIA Family, with treatment as usual (TAU) on these children's global functioning.MethodsBetween 2017 and 2021, we conducted a pragmatic, rater‐blinded, two‐arm parallel‐group superiority trial in Denmark. Families with at least one child aged 6–12 years and at least one biological parent with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, or recurrent major or moderate depression were included. We randomly allocated 95 families with their 113 children to VIA Family or TAU (ratio 1:1). VIA Family was individually tailored and based on case management. The intervention included options for psychoeducation, parental support, and treatment for emerging child psychiatric symptoms. Blinded raters assessed children and their families at baseline and after 18 months. The primary outcome was the difference in change between groups at end‐of‐treatment in daily global functioning measured with the Children's Global Assessment Scale. Secondary outcomes were emotional and behavioral problems and days absent from school. We analyzed data blinded to allocation.ResultsAt post‐intervention, differences in mean change from baseline between VIA Family and TAU were non‐significant (CGAS: −1.20, 95% CI = −6.61; 4.21, p = 0.66), as were the differences on the secondary and exploratory outcomes.ConclusionContrary to our hypothesis, we did not find a superior effect of VIA Family compared with TAU. The short follow‐up period and large sample heterogeneity might explain the null findings. Therefore, a possible long‐term, preventive treatment effect has yet to be explored.
The importance of consensus science to managing phosphorus in the environment: SERA‐17 and the legacy of Andrew Sharpley
Authors: Macrae Merrin L. , Kleinman Peter J. A. , Osmond Deanna , Shober Amy , Nelson Nathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhosphorus (P) loss from agricultural systems to surface waters, and ultimately, eutrophication, presents a wicked problem requiring transdisciplinary solutions. The mission of SERA‐17 (Southern Extension and Research Advisory Information Exchange Group‐17) has been to address this problem by developing “Innovative Solutions to Minimize Phosphorus Losses from Agriculture.” Over the course of his career, Dr. Andrew Sharpley demonstrated a rare ability to collaboratively achieve consensus around issues related to the science and management of P. The SERA‐17 organization served as the central community of experts and stakeholders where that consensus was built and applied. The consensus‐based approach, demonstrated by Sharpley and at the core of the SERA‐17 organization, was routinely applied to key areas of P science to produce applied outcomes that have been readily adopted: advance foundational science to resolve knowledge gaps and to promote innovation; promote consistency in methods to facilitate comprehensive investigations and conclusions across a diversity of systems; engage diverse stakeholders to prioritize research, and ultimately, ensure that outcomes reflect a plurality of perspectives; and deliver pragmatic solutions that reflect the best information available at a particular time. We review the history of SERA‐17 in delivering new science and management recommendations for P, with an eye to elucidating Sharpley's role and legacy in this process.
Relationship between the atrial‐activation pattern around the triangle of Koch and successful ablation sites in slow‐fast atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
Authors: Watanabe Tomonori , Hachiya Hitoshi , Watanabe Hiroaki , Anno Kazunori , Okuyama Takafumi , Harunari Tomohiko , Yokota Ayako , Kamioka Masashi , Komori Takahiro , Torigoe‐Kurosu Yuko , Makimoto Hisaki , Kabutoya Tomoyuki , Kimura Yoshifumi , Imai Yasushi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe precise details of atrial activation around the triangle of Koch (ToK) remain unknown. We evaluated the relationship between the atrial‐activation pattern around the ToK and success sites for slow‐pathway (SP) modification ablation in slow‐fast atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT).MethodsThirty patients with slow‐fast AVNRT who underwent successful ablation were enrolled. Atrial activation around the ToK during sinus rhythm was investigated using ultra‐high‐density mapping pre‐ablation. The relationships among features of atrial‐activation pattern and success sites were examined.ResultsOf 30 patients (22 cryoablation; 8 radiofrequency ablation), 26 patients had a collision site of two wavefronts of delayed atrial activation within ToK, indicating a success site. The activation‐search function of Lumipoint software, which highlights only atrial activation with a spatiotemporal consistency, showed non‐highlighted area on the tricuspid‐annulus side of ToK. In 23 of the patients, a spiky potential was recorded at that collision site outside the Lumipoint‐highlighted area. Fifteen cryoablation patients with a success site coincident with a collision site outside the Lumipoint‐highlighted area had significantly more frequent disappearances of SP after initial cryoablation (46.7% vs. 0%, p = .029), fewer cryoablations (3.7 ± 1.8 vs. 5.3 ± 1.3, p = .045), and shorter procedure times (170 ± 57 vs. 228 ± 91 min, p = .082) compared to the seven cryoablation patients without such sites. Four patients had transient AV block by ablation inside the Lumipoint‐highlighted area with fractionated signals, but no patient developed permanent AV block or recurrence post‐procedure (median follow‐up: 375 days).ConclusionsSP modification ablation at the collision site of atrial activation of the tricuspid‐annulus side along with a spiky potential could provide a better outcome.
Where does stress happen? Ecological momentary assessment of daily stressors using a mobile phone app
Authors: Yao Xing , Nelson Erik J. , Stavrianakis Kostas , Huang Ting‐Yen (Tim) , Moran Casey , Shih Patrick C. , Jordan Evan J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the importance of daily stress to individuals' health and wellbeing, few studies have explored where stress happens in real time, that is, dynamic stress processes in different spaces. As such, stress interventions rarely account for the environment in which stress occurs. We used mobile phone based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect daily stress data. Thirty‐three participants utilized a mobile‐phone‐based EMA app to self‐report stressors as they went about their daily lives. Geographic coordinates were automatically collected with each stress report. Data from thematic analysis of stressors by location (home, work, work from home, other) were used to determine whether certain stressors were more prevalent in certain environments. Nine daily stressors significantly differed by location. Work‐related stress was reported more often at work. Pets, household chores, sleep, and media‐related stressors were reported most at home. Physical illnesses, vehicle issues, and safety/security stressors occurred most often while participants were “working from home.” Traffic‐related stress was experienced more commonly in “other” environments. Other 18 stressors were generated regardless of location, suggesting that these stressors were persistent and without respect to location. Study findings expand the understanding of environments in which specific stressors occur, providing baseline data for potential targeted “just‐in‐time” stress interventions tailored to unique stressors in specific environments. We also provide findings related to the “work from home” phenomenon. Further work is needed to better understand the unique stressors among the large number of individuals who transitioned to working from home during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Summing Sneddon–Bessel series explicitly
Authors: Durán Antonio J. , Pérez Mario , Varona Juan Luis 
Published: February 2024

We sum in a closed form the Sneddon–Bessel series

where
is an integer,
with
and
are the zeros of the Bessel function
of order
. In most cases, the explicit expressions for these sums involve hypergeometric functions
. As an application, we prove some extensions of the Kneser–Sommerfeld expansion. For instance, we show that

if
and
(here,
denotes the Bessel function of the second kind), which becomes the Kneser–Sommerfeld expansion when
.
Reselling or dual selling? The role of consumer‐to‐manufacturer e‐commerce platforms' voluntary investment
Authors: Zhao You , Hou Rui , Chen Ying‐Ju 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent years have witnessed e‐commerce platforms that voluntarily invest in new digital technologies to help their suppliers reduce production costs. To examine its impact on channel structure, we develop a supply chain model consisting of a supplier and an e‐commerce platform who purchases products from the supplier at a wholesale price and sells them to end markets. In addition, the supplier has the option to accept the marketplace by paying a commission fee charged by the platform. We show that the presence of voluntary investment on production improvement can overturn some classical insights from prior studies. For example, a higher marketplace commission fee can lead to a lower selling quantity in the marketplace, but a higher order quantity in the reselling channel under certain conditions. This stands in strict contrast to the opposite finding when the platform invests instead on demand enhancement. In addition, previous studies suggest that offering the supplier the marketplace option is beneficial to the supplier but is detrimental to the platform. However, with voluntary investment, the platform can benefit from allowing the supplier to encroach via the marketplace, and in some situations the supplier suffers from having such an option. We find that the commission fee and the production cost are two interacting forces steering equilibrium decisions for supply chain members, and we characterize the concise operating regimes for the channel structure choices on behalves of the supplier and the platform. A number of extensions are discussed, including product substitution level, investment cost structure, whether the quantity decisions are made simultaneously or sequentially, voluntary investment timing, and endogenous commission fee.
Real‐world data of a digitally enabled, time‐restricted eating weight management program in public sector workers living with overweight and obesity in the United Kingdom: A service evaluation of the Roczen program
Authors: Brown Adrian , Dobbie Laurence J. , Falvey Laura , Patel Dipesh C. , Kwan Jonathan T. C. , Steinmo Siri , Chow Ling , McGowan Barbara M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe health of the United Kingdom workforce is key; approximately 186 million days are lost to sickness each year. Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain major global health challenges. The aim of this retrospective service evaluation was to assess the impact of a digitally enabled, time‐restricted eating (TRE) intervention (Roczen Program, Reset Health Ltd) on weight and other health‐related outcomes.MethodsThis service evaluation was conducted in people living with overweight/obesity, with 89% referred from public sector employers. Participants were placed on a TRE, low‐carbohydrate, moderate protein plan delivered by clinicians and mentors with regular follow up, dietary guidance, goal setting, feedback, and social support.ResultsA total of 660 members enrolled and retention was 41% at 12 months. The majority were female (73.2%), 58.9% were of White ethnicity, with a mean (SD) age of 47.5 years (10.1), and a body mass index of 35.0 kg/m2 (5.7). Data were available for 82 members at 12‐month. At 12‐month, members mean actual and percentage weight loss was −9.0 kg (7.0; p < 0.001) and −9.2% (6.7, p < 0.001) respectively and waist circumference reduced by −10.3 cm (10.7 p < 0.001), with 45.1% of members achieving ≥10% weight loss. Glycated hemoglobin was significantly improved at 6 months in people living with T2D (−11 mmol/mol [5.7] p = 0.012). Binge eating score significantly reduced (−4.4 [7.0] p = 0.006), despite cognitive restraint increasing (0.37 [0.6] p = 0.006).ConclusionOur service evaluation showed that the Roczen program led to clinically meaningful improvements in body weight, health‐related outcomes and eating behaviors that were sustained at 12‐month.
Shifting perspectives and transformative change: Parent perspectives of an active music engagement intervention for themselves and their child with cancer
Authors: Stegenga Kristin , Henley Amanda K. , Harman Elizabeth , Robb Sheri L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren with cancer (ages 3–8 years) and their parents experience significant, interrelated distress associated with cancer treatment. Active music engagement (AME) uses music‐based play and shared music‐making to mitigate this distress. To advance our understanding about how AME works and its essential features, we interviewed parents who received the AME intervention as part of a multi‐site mechanistic trial. The purpose of this qualitative analysis was to describe parents’ experiences of AME for themselves and their child and to better understand how the intervention worked to lower parent–child distress.ProcedureWe conducted a total of 43 interviews with parents/caregivers, and purposively analyzed all interviews from underrepresented groups based on race/ethnicity and parent role. We used thematic analysis and achieved thematic redundancy after analyzing 28 interviews.ResultsThe following statement summarizes resulting themes: Music therapists skillfully use AME to create a safe and healthy space (Theme 1), where parents/children have transformative experiences (Theme 2) that lead to learning and enactment (Theme 3) of new skills that counteract suffering (Theme 4) through empowerment, connectedness, and sustained relief.ConclusionsThis work elucidates how AME works to counteract stressful qualities of cancer treatment. As parents witnessed positive and transformative changes in their child, they experienced relief and reported shifts in their perspective about cancer treatment. This led to learning and use of music as a coping strategy that extended beyond therapist‐led sessions. Accessible, music‐based interventions, like AME, offer a developmentally appropriate and effective way to support parents and young children during treatment.
Feasibility and acceptability of a brief web‐based training on cognitive behavioral tools for educators
Authors: Coe‐Odess Sarah , Crocker John , Quist Rachel , Meldonian Marisa , Gordon Elizabeth , Wilhelm Sabine , Greenberg Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA youth mental health crisis has been exacerbated significantly by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Teachers are often front‐line support for students in need. Yet teachers themselves are struggling, making it difficult to help their students. Cognitive behavioral interventions (CBIs) have been shown to reduce mental health symptoms in school settings. Learning and implementing a psychological intervention, however, places undue burden on teachers who are already struggling. This project aimed to develop and assess the acceptability and feasibility of a brief, web‐based training for educators on cognitive behavioral tools that can be implemented in classrooms without additional psychological or practical burden. Attendees (n = 193) attended one of two 1‐h trainings on applying cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in classrooms. Attendees completed pre‐ and posttraining surveys on their knowledge and comfort using CBT. Following the course, attendees reported increases in knowledge and comfort using CBT skills, with large effect sizes. Attendees reported being highly satisfied with the course and likely to recommend the course to colleagues. Limitations of this work include a relatively small, homogenous sample and a low rate of completing both pre‐ and posttraining measures. Suggestions for future research include measuring change in practice as a result of the training. Implications of our findings are discussed.