bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilectal Exposure Modulates Neural Signatures to Conflicting Grammatical Properties: Norway as a Natural Laboratory
Authors: Kubota Maki , Alonso Jorge González , Anderssen Merete , Jensen Isabel Nadine , Luque Alicia , Soares Sergio Miguel Pereira , Prystauka Yanina , Vangsnes Øystein A. , Sandstedt Jade Jørgen , Rothman Jason 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated gender (control) and number (target) agreement processing in Northern and non‐Northern Norwegians living in Northern Norway. Participants varied in exposure to Northern Norwegian (NN) dialect(s), where number marking differs from most other Norwegian dialects. In a comprehension task involving reading NN dialect writing, P600 effects for number agreement were significantly affected by NN exposure. The more exposure the NN nonnatives had, the larger the P600 was, driven by the presence of number agreement (ungrammatical in NN). In contrast, less exposure correlated to the inverse: P600 driven by the absence of number agreement (ungrammatical in most other dialects). The NN natives showed P600 driven by the presence of number agreement regardless of exposure. These findings suggests that bilectalism entails the representation of distinct mental grammars for each dialect. However, like all instances of bilingualism, bilectalism exists on a continuum whereby linguistic processing is modulated by linguistic experience.
Acceptability of a balanced energy protein (BEP) supplement for pregnant women in Bangladesh
Authors: Zavala Eleonor , Rahman Atiya , Kalbarczyk Anna , de Boer Mary , Khaled Nazrana , Chakraborty Barnali , Rahman Hafizur , Ali Hasmot , Haque Rezwanul , Ayesha Kaniz , Siddiqua Towfida J. , Afsana Kaosar , Christian Parul , Thorne‐Lyman Andrew L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBalanced energy protein (BEP) supplementation in pregnancy is recommended in the context of undernutrition for the reduction of small‐for‐gestational age neonates and stillbirths. To inform an effectiveness trial, we evaluated the acceptability of a packaged, ready‐to‐eat fortified BEP product among women of reproductive age and their health care providers (HCPs) in rural Bangladesh and explored the feasibility of adhering to daily supplementation. We implemented a formative study using focus groups discussions with women (n = 29) and HCPs (n = 17) to introduce the product and investigate components of acceptability. A “trials of improved practice” activity was conducted in subset of women (n = 16) to evaluate adherence to BEP over a 2‐week period, followed by focus group discussions to identify challenges with adherence and strategies employed. Contributors to BEP acceptability included the product's sensory attributes, such as taste, smell and texture; the attractive packaging and informative labelling; and the perceived benefits of use. Participants also identified household and community level factors influencing the adoption of BEP, such as trust in the provider, cultural beliefs on supplement use in pregnancy, and family member tasting and approval. Over the 2‐week period, women consumed over 80% of the supplements provided to them and identified strategies for adherence, including visual aids and reminders from family members or providers. HCPs recommended targeted communication messages for mothers‐in‐law to foster a supportive home environment. Findings informed changes to the BEP product to improve acceptability and shaped the content of communication messages to optimise adherence in a forthcoming effectiveness trial.
The Green Solow model and the threshold effect of human capital on CO2 emissions
Authors: Bassetti Thomas , Pavesi Filippo , Scotti Massimo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBy promoting economic growth, human capital may contribute to the rise in CO2 emissions, but it may also stimulate emission‐reducing technologies. Starting from a Green Solow model augmented with human capital, we show that the former effect dominates the latter when human capital is below a critical value, while the opposite is true when human capital becomes sufficiently high. We also find that this result may delay the observability of an EKC and that human capital is more important than savings and depreciation rates in predicting CO2 growth. This evidence has relevant policy implications regarding which factors should be considered to mitigate carbon emissions.
The scaling of elemental stoichiometry and growth rate over the course of bamboo ontogeny
Authors: Ouyang Ming , Tian Di , Niklas Karl J. , Yan Zhengbing , Han Wenxuan , Yu Qingshui , Chen Guoping , Ji Chengjun , Tang Zhiyao , Fang Jingyun 
Published: November 2023

Summary

Stoichiometric rules may explain the allometric scaling among biological traits and body size, a fundamental law of nature. However, testing the scaling of elemental stoichiometry and growth to size over the course of plant ontogeny is challenging.

Here, we used a fast‐growing bamboo species to examine how the concentrations and contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), relative growth rate (G), and nutrient productivity scale with whole‐plant mass (M) at the culm elongation and maturation stages.

The whole‐plant C content vs M and N content vs P content scaled isometrically, and the N or P content vs M scaled as a general 3/4 power function across both growth stages. The scaling exponents of G vs M and N (and P) productivity in newly grown mass vs M relationships across the whole growth stages decreased as a −1 power function.

These findings reveal the previously undocumented generality of stoichiometric allometries over the course of plant ontogeny and provide new insights for understanding the origin of ubiquitous quarter‐power scaling laws in the biosphere.
A multi‐center cross‐sectional study of 1495 Chinese oral lichen planus patients
Authors: Liu Jiaxin , Xu Hao , Tang Guoyao , Liu Hongwei , Sun Zheng , Zhou Gang , Cheng Bin , Wang Wenmei , He Hong , Guo Bin , Meng Wenxia , Liu Qing , Wang Jiongke , Luo Xiaobo , Zhou Yu , Jiang Lu , Zeng Xin , Dan Hongxia , Chen Qianming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics of oral lichen planus (OLP) and risk factors for erosive/ulcerative OLP.Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with OLP from 11 different hospitals were included in the study. Descriptive statistical methods were used to explore the clinical epidemiological characteristics and logistic regression, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis were utilized to explore the risk factors for erosive/ulcerative OLP.ResultsThe average age of patients was 49.2 ± 13.3 years, and 61.4% of the patients were women. The ratios of patients with reticular, hyperemic/erythematous, and erosive/ulcerative lesions were 47.9%, 27.8%, and 24.2%, respectively. Analysis of risk factors for erosive/ulcerative OLP identified the following variables: age, course of disease of 12 months or more, II°–III° dental calculus, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease, as well as regions of habitation. Subgroup analysis showed significant differences in risk factors for erosive/ulcerative OLP in patients with and without risk behaviors.ConclusionThe clinical epidemiological characteristics of patients with OLP in the Chinese population in this study are basically consistent with existing reports in developed countries. And we identified clinical characteristics associated with erosive/ulcerative OLP through clinical epidemiological analysis.
Two‐dimensional Riemann problem of the Euler equations to the Van der Waals gas around a sharp corner
Authors: Li Shuangrong , Sheng Wancheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the Riemann problem of the two‐dimensional (2D) pseudo‐steady supersonic flow with Van der Waals gas around a sharp corner expanding into vacuum. The essence of this problem is the interaction of the centered simple wave with the planar rarefaction wave, which can be solved by a Goursat problem or a mixed characteristic boundary value and slip boundary value problem for the 2D self‐similar Euler equations. We establish the hyperbolicity and a priori C1 estimates of the solution through the methods of characteristic decompositions and invariant regions. Moreover, we construct the pentagon invariant region in order to obtain the global solution. In addition, based on the generality of the Van der Waals gas, we construct the subinvariant regions and get the hyperbolicity of the solution according to the continuity of the subinvariant region. At last, the global existence of solution to the gas expansion problem is obtained constructively.
Minimally invasive ultrasound‐assisted cutting thread tenotomy of the deep digital flexor tendon in horses: An ex vivo study
Authors: Lalanne Camille , Bonilla Alvaro G. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and limitations associated with a minimally invasive ultrasound‐assisted cutting thread technique for tenotomy of the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) in horses.Study designEx vivo study.Sample populationTwenty cadaveric forelimbs.MethodsForelimbs were placed on a jig to mimic a standing semiflexed position and the midmetacarpal region was prepared to perform tenotomy of the DDFT using a percutaneous technique with a cutting thread. For that purpose, the thread was placed percutaneously around the DDFT (first dorsally and then palmarly) with the aid of a curved 20 gauge spinal needle. Tendon palpation/manipulation and ultrasonographic assessment assisted thread placement. Procedure time and skin puncture size were recorded. Limbs were then dissected to evaluate the degree of DDFT transection and the presence of any iatrogenic lesions.ResultsThe DDFT was completely transected in all cases. Minor lesions of the superficial digital flexor tendon were found in 11/20 limbs and considered clinically irrelevant. However, the neurovascular bundle was damaged in 6/20 limbs (four limbs had nerve damage and two limbs had a nerve and either a palmar artery or vein damaged). The skin puncture hole sizes ranged from undetectable to 5 mm long. The average duration of the procedure was 7 min and 38 s (range: 4 min 56 s to 10 min 19 s).ConclusionA DDFT tenotomy can be performed reliably with a percutaneous cutting thread technique. However, refinement of the technique is required to minimize iatrogenic damage.Clinical significanceThe reported technique allows a DDFT tenotomy to be performed in a minimally invasive manner and has the potential to be clinically applicable.
Impact of a capacity-building intervention on views and perceptions of healthcare providers towards the provision of adolescent sexual and reproductive health services in southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional qualitative study
Authors: Agu Ifunanya Clara , Agu Chibuike , Mbachu Chinyere , Onwujekwe Obinna 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesNegative views of healthcare providers towards adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services deter adolescents from seeking vital SRH services. This paper assessed the impact of an intervention on the views and perceptions of healthcare providers towards the provision of adolescent SRH services.Design and settingA descriptive, cross-sectional, qualitative study was conducted between 14 October and 19 November 2021 in six local government areas (LGAs) in Ebonyi state, southeast Nigeria, after the implementation of an intervention comprising of training and supportive supervision.Participants and data collectionData were collected through: (1) two in-depth interviews (IDIs) with LGA healthcare managers; (2) six IDIs with LGA adolescent health programme managers; (3) two focus group discussions (FGDs) with 15 primary healthcare facility managers; (4) two FGDs with 20 patent medicine vendors and (5) two FGDs with 17 community health volunteers. A total of six FGDs were held with 52 healthcare providers. The interviews were conducted using pretested interview guides. Transcripts were coded in NVivo (V.12) and themes were identified through inductive analysis.ResultsAs a result of the intervention, most healthcare providers started recognising the rights of adolescents to obtain contraceptive services and no longer deny them access to contraceptive services. The providers also became friendlier and were no longer harsh in their interactions with adolescents. There were some unique findings relative to whether the providers were formal or informal healthcare providers. It was found that the informal healthcare providers were bolder and more comfortable delivering SRH services to adolescents and reported improved patronage by the adolescents. The formal healthcare providers made their facilities more conducive for adolescents by creating safe spaces and introducing extracurricular activities.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of the constant capacity building of both formal and informal healthcare providers, which can address healthcare providers’ biases, views and perceptions of delivering SRH services to adolescents.
Integrative multiomics enhancer activity profiling identifies therapeutic vulnerabilities in cholangiocarcinoma of different etiologies
Authors: Hong Jing Han , Yong Chern Han , Heng Hong Lee , Chan Jason Yongsheng , Lau Mai Chan , Chen Jianfeng , Lee Jing Yi , Lim Abner Herbert , Li Zhimei , Guan Peiyong , Chu Pek Lim , Boot Arnoud , Ng Sheng Rong , Yao Xiaosai , Wee Felicia Yu Ting , Lim Jeffrey Chun Tatt , Liu Wei , Wang Peili , Xiao Rong , Zeng Xian , Sun Yichen , Koh Joanna , Kwek Xiu Yi , Ng Cedric Chuan Young , Klanrit Poramate , Zhang Yaojun , Lai Jiaming , Tai David Wai Meng , Pairojkul Chawalit , Dima Simona , Popescu Irinel , Hsieh Sen-Yung , Yu Ming-Chin , Yeong Joe , Kongpetch Sarinya , Jusakul Apinya , Loilome Watcharin , Tan Patrick , Tan Jing , Teh Bin Tean 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a heterogeneous malignancy with high mortality and dismal prognosis, and an urgent clinical need for new therapies. Knowledge of the CCA epigenome is largely limited to aberrant DNA methylation. Dysregulation of enhancer activities has been identified to affect carcinogenesis and leveraged for new therapies but is uninvestigated in CCA. Our aim is to identify potential therapeutic targets in different subtypes of CCA through enhancer profiling.DesignIntegrative multiomics enhancer activity profiling of diverse CCA was performed. A panel of diverse CCA cell lines, patient-derived and cell line-derived xenografts were used to study identified enriched pathways and vulnerabilities. NanoString, multiplex immunohistochemistry staining and single-cell spatial transcriptomics were used to explore the immunogenicity of diverse CCA.ResultsWe identified three distinct groups, associated with different etiologies and unique pathways. Drug inhibitors of identified pathways reduced tumour growth inin vitroandin vivomodels. The first group (ESTRO), with mostly fluke-positive CCAs, displayed activation in estrogen signalling and were sensitive to MTOR inhibitors. Another group (OXPHO), with mostlyBAP1andIDH-mutant CCAs, displayed activated oxidative phosphorylation pathways, and were sensitive to oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors. Immune-related pathways were activated in the final group (IMMUN), made up of an immunogenic CCA subtype and CCA with aristolochic acid (AA) mutational signatures. Intratumour differences in AA mutation load were correlated to intratumour variation of different immune cell populations.ConclusionOur study elucidates the mechanisms underlying enhancer dysregulation and deepens understanding of different tumourigenesis processes in distinct CCA subtypes, with potential significant therapeutics and clinical benefits.
First-in-human trial of a self-expandable, temporary dilation system for intracranial atherosclerotic disease in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ohta Tsuyoshi , Takeuchi Masataka , Yamagami Hiroshi , Tsuto Kazuma , Yamamoto Shiro , Asai Katsunori , Ishii Akira , Imamura Hirotoshi , Yoshimura Shinichi , Fukumitsu Ryu , Sakai Chiaki , Sakai Nobuyuki , Tateshima Satoshi 
Published: November 2023

Background
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) significantly contributes to ischemic stroke, especially among Asian populations. Large vessel occlusion (LVO) due to underlying ICAD accounts for 15–35% of acute ischemic stroke cases requiring endovascular therapy. However, the successful recanalization rate of ICAD-related LVO remains lower. The TG dilator is a self-expandable device, temporarily dilating ICAD-related blocked blood vessels.

Objective
To demonstrate TG dilator safety and efficacy for ICAD-related acute ischemic stroke.

Methods
This was a single-arm, open-label, non-randomized, prospective, multicenter, and investigator-initiated trial that involved patients undergoing TG dilator application for acute ischemic stroke caused by ICAD-related LVO or severe stenosis.

Results
We enrolled 10 patients in this trial between November 2022 and April 2023. The median (IQR) age was 68 (59.3–75.3) years. Before using the dilator, seven patients received stent retriever treatment. All 10 patients were prescribed a loading dose of aspirin with prasugrel. The median application time was 10 (10–12) min. At the end of the procedure, we achieved significant recanalization immediately in all patients. The stenosis/occlusion decreased from 100% (100–100) to 68% (56.3–75.3). No patient experienced recurrent ischemic stroke or reocclusion within 90 days. We achieved a modified Rankin scale score of 0–2 in 8 patients by day 90. We detected no cases of intracranial hemorrhage, equipment failure, distal embolism, vasospasm, dissection, or perforation requiring intervention.

Conclusions
Acute revascularization using the TG dilator on patients with ICAD-related LVO or severe stenosis did not cause any significant adverse event, and consistently improved blood flow at 90 days.
Recurrentde-novo gain-of-functionmutation inSPTLC2confirms dysregulated sphingolipid production to cause juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Dohrn Maike F , Beijer Danique , Lone Museer A , Bayraktar Elif , Oflazer Piraye , Orbach Rotem , Donkervoort Sandra , Foley A Reghan , Rose Aubrey , Lyons Michael , Louie Raymond J , Gable Kenneth , Dunn Teresa , Chen Sitong , Danzi Matt C , Synofzik Matthis , Bönnemann Carsten G , Nazlı Başak A , Hornemann Thorsten , Zuchner Stephan 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) leads to paralysis and death by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. Recently, specificgain-of-functionmutations inSPTLC1were identified in patients with juvenile form of ALS. SPTLC2encodes the second catalytic subunit of the serine-palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex.MethodsWe used the GENESIS platform to screen 700 ALS whole-genome and whole-exome data sets for variants inSPTLC2. Thede-novostatus was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Sphingolipidomics was performed using liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry.ResultsTwo unrelated patients presented with early-onset progressive proximal and distal muscle weakness, oral fasciculations, and pyramidal signs. Both patients carried the novelde-novo SPTLC2mutation, c.203T>G, p.Met68Arg. This variant lies within a single short transmembrane domain of SPTLC2, suggesting that the mutation renders the SPT complex irresponsive to regulation through ORMDL3. Confirming this hypothesis, ceramide and complex sphingolipid levels were significantly increased in patient plasma. Accordingly, excessive sphingolipid production was shown in mutant-expressing human embryonic kindney (HEK) cells.ConclusionsSpecificgain-of-functionmutations in both core subunits affect the homoeostatic control of SPT.SPTLC2represents a new Mendelian ALS gene, highlighting a key role of dysregulated sphingolipid synthesis in the pathogenesis of juvenile ALS. Given the direct interaction of SPTLC1 and SPTLC2, this knowledge might open new therapeutic avenues for motor neuron diseases.
Recurrent de novoSPTLC2variant causes childhood-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by excess sphingolipid synthesis
Authors: Syeda Safoora B , Lone Museer A , Mohassel Payam , Donkervoort Sandra , Munot Pinki , França Marcondes C , Galarza-Brito Juan Eli , Eckenweiler Matthias , Asamoah Alexander , Gable Kenneth , Majumdar Anirban , Schumann Anke , Gupta Sita D , Lakhotia Arpita , Shieh Perry B , Foley A Reghan , Jackson Kelly E , Chao Katherine R , Winder Thomas L , Catapano Francesco , Feng Lucy , Kirschner Janbernd , Muntoni Francesco , Dunn Teresa M , Hornemann Thorsten , Bönnemann Carsten G 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of the upper and lower motor neurons with varying ages of onset, progression and pathomechanisms. Monogenic childhood-onset ALS, although rare, forms an important subgroup of ALS. We recently reported specificSPTLC1variants resulting in sphingolipid overproduction as a cause for juvenile ALS. Here, we report six patients from six independent families with a recurrent, de novo, heterozygous variant inSPTLC2c.778G>A [p.Glu260Lys] manifesting with juvenile ALS.MethodsClinical examination of the patients along with ancillary and genetic testing, followed by biochemical investigation of patients’ blood and fibroblasts, was performed.ResultsAll patients presented with early-childhood-onset progressive weakness, with signs and symptoms of upper and lower motor neuron degeneration in multiple myotomes, without sensory neuropathy. These findings were supported on ancillary testing including nerve conduction studies and electromyography, muscle biopsies and muscle ultrasound studies. Biochemical investigations in plasma and fibroblasts showed elevated levels of ceramides and unrestrained de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Our studies indicate thatSPTLC2variant [c.778G>A, p.Glu260Lys] acts distinctly from hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN)-causingSPTLC2variants by causing excess canonical sphingolipid biosynthesis, similar to the recently reportedSPTLC1ALS associated pathogenic variants. Our studies also indicate that serine supplementation, which is a therapeutic inSPTLC1andSPTCL2-associated HSAN, is expected to exacerbate the excess sphingolipid synthesis in serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-associated ALS.ConclusionsSPTLC2is the second SPT-associated gene that underlies monogenic, juvenile ALS and further establishes alterations of sphingolipid metabolism in motor neuron disease pathogenesis. Our findings also have important therapeutic implications: serine supplementation must be avoided in SPT-associated ALS, as it is expected to drive pathogenesis further.