bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borylative Desymmetrization of Multifunctional Haloarenes assisted by Sodium Dispersion
Authors: Ogi Ukyo , Ikeda Shuichi , Okano Kentaro , Horie Masaki , Mori Atsunori 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMultiply halogenated aromatic compounds were selectively borylated by a boron alkoxide in the presence of sodium dispersion when the reaction was carried out at a low temperature, while multi‐functionalization took place at an elevated temperature. The reaction of 1,4‐dichlorobenzene with sodium dispersion (200–1200 mol%) in the presence of isopropyloxyboron pinacolate (120–240 mol%) afforded (4‐chlorophenyl)boron pinacolate in up to 84 % yield. Formation of diborylated product hardly accompanied under the reaction conditions at −78 °C for 1 h.
Unveiling Molecular Symmetry Through Twisted X‐Ray Diffraction
Authors: Moghaddasi Fereidani Roya , Tang Zilong , Yong Haiwang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe centrosymmetric constraint of Friedel's law in standard x‐ray diffraction limits its ability to reveal complex molecular symmetry. In contrast, twisted x‐ray diffraction with vortex beams, which carry orbital angular momentum, breaks Friedel's law yielding diffraction patterns that reflect the intrinsic symmetry of molecules. Through analytical derivations and numerical simulations, we demonstrate the enhanced sensitivity of twisted x‐ray diffraction to the symmetry of M‐fold symmetric molecules. Our results show that, while traditional standard x‐ray diffraction struggles to distinguish between structurally similar molecules with different symmetries, twisted x‐ray diffraction patterns can clearly differentiate these molecules. Additionally, we show that increasing the orbital angular momentum enhances the diffraction resolution and reveals finer symmetry‐specific features of the molecules. This positions twisted x‐ray diffraction as a promising tool for molecular imaging, capable of revealing intricate structures with complex symmetry.
DFT Study of the ORR Catalytic Activity of As‐Doped and As‐N Co‐Doped Graphene Substrates
Authors: Zhang Xiaoliang , Chen Tingting , Guo Jinmin , Shao Weiwei , Yan Hongfeng , He Bingling , Song Wei , Meng Qingling , Wang Jinlong , Li Xiao‐Chun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study employs first‐principles methods to investigate the ORR catalytic activity of As‐doped and AsN co‐doped graphene. As atoms, as catalytic active sites, exhibit excellent catalytic activity. Due to the strong interaction between As and N, the stability of the As−N co‐doped substrate is enhanced. In particular, As−N4 co‐doped graphene not only demonstrates the best thermodynamic and kinetic stability, but also has an ORR overpotential of only 0.53 V. We also propose a method to predict the Gibbs free energy change of the system by calculating the adsorption energies of the adsorbates. This approach can streamline the process by eliminating the need to calculate the Gibbs free energy of the ORR system, making it highly advantageous for future studies on the ORR catalytic activity of multi‐impurity co‐doped graphene.
Design and Implementation of High Isolation Textile MIMO Antenna for Wearable Applications
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Srivastava Kunal , Kumar Sachin , Sharma Deepti , Tiwari Rakesh N. , Kandwal Abhishek , Singh Mahesh Kumar , Goyal Bhawna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis work presents a single‐layer wideband textile multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna for wearable devices. The antenna design is made up of two rectangular‐shaped monopole antennas that are mirror imaged and connected to achieve an equal voltage level in the ground surface. The antenna elements are excited by 50‐Ω microstrip feed lines. By using a triangular stub decoupling element on the ground plane, greater than 22 dB of isolation is attained among antenna elements. The suggested two‐element MIMO antenna has a bandwidth of 2.3–8.0 GHz and a dimension of 30 mm × 58 mm × 1 mm. In addition, four‐ and eight‐element MIMO geometries have been designed and analyzed for massive MIMO applications. Also, an eight‐element MIMO belt antenna for wearable straps is investigated. The effects of antenna bending on the human body are also investigated.
Effects of Initial Water Content of Membrane on Cold Start Performance of PEMFC
Authors: Lan Yang , Chen Tao , Xiao Fei , Gan Zhongyu , Zhang Ruixuan , Zhang Rufeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe performance degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) in low‐temperature extreme environments is one of the challenges on the way to their commercialization, and it is important to investigate the performance changes of fuel cells in low‐temperature environments for their future development. In this paper, the cold‐start performance of fuel cells with different initial water content of the membrane and starting modes was compared. Lowering the initial water content of the membrane could enhance the water storage capacity of the cell and improve the cold‐starting performance of the cell, but infinitely low initial water content might cause the reverse polarity phenomenon, which would cause serious corrosion and degradation of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). In constant voltage starting mode, reducing the starting voltage could increase the heat production of the cell, but it would weaken the water storage capacity of the cell. In the constant current starting process, lowering the starting current could improve the water storage capacity of the cell, which was beneficial to the cold start of the cell. It was also found that the MEA with cold start failure had a serious performance degradation, and cold start failure needed to be avoided as much as possible.
Trendbericht Anorganische Chemie 2025: Nebengruppen‐ und Koordinationschemie
Authors: Hierlmeier Gabriele , Hadlington Terrance 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDas erste heterobimetallische Dimetallocen; mit sterisch anspruchsvollen Liganden lassen sich einfach‐koordinierte Hauptgruppenverbindungen der Gruppen 13 bis 15 herstellen; neue Diazoverbindungen erlauben es, B‐R‐Einheiten und Kohlenstoffatome zu übertragen.
Assessment of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions for Novel Oral Melanocortin‐1 Receptor Agonist Dersimelagon
Authors: Ogasawara Akihito , Ide Ryosuke , Inoue Shinsuke , Tsuda Minoru , Teng Renli 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDersimelagon is a novel investigational orally administered selective agonist of the melanocortin‐1 receptor. The drug–drug interaction (DDI) potential of dersimelagon was investigated in both nonclinical (in vitro) and clinical studies. The in vitro inhibition of CYP/UGT isoforms and efflux/uptake transporters by dersimelagon was assessed. The impact of 300‐mg dersimelagon on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of substrate drugs and the effect of co‐administering verapamil on 100‐mg dersimelagon PK (as substrate drug) were investigated in healthy participants in a Phase 1 study. DDIs were assessed based on ratios of Cmax and AUC0‐∞ of substrate drug administered alone and with dersimelagon (or verapamil). Relatively potent in vitro inhibition of CYP2C9, CYP3A, UGT1A1, BCRP, P‐gp, and OATPs by dersimelagon was observed. In the clinical study, exposures of atorvastatin (CYP3A, P‐gp, BCRP, OATP substrate) rosuvastatin (BCRP and OATP substrate), and β‐hydroxy simvastatin (metabolite of simvastatin) increased 2‐ to 3‐fold (atorvastatin: Cmax LS mean ratio = 198.0%; AUC0‐∞ ratio = 196.6%; rosuvastatin: Cmax ratio = 316.5%, AUC0‐∞ ratio = 206.0%) when co‐administered with dersimelagon. Midazolam (CYP3A substrate), digoxin (P‐gp), pravastatin (OATP), and simvastatin (CYP3A) did not show any clinically relevant DDI effects when co‐administered with dersimelagon. Dersimelagon exposure increased ~25% when co‐administered with verapamil, an effect not considered clinically relevant. Dersimelagon 300 mg did not elicit major DDIs involving CYP/UGT enzymes and drug transporters; however, dersimelagon may have potential for clinically relevant DDIs with drugs that are substrates for BCRP, such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, and caution should be exercised when co‐administering 300‐mg dersimelagon with these statin drugs.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04793295, NCT04402489, NCT04440592, NCT02834442, NCT03520036, NCT03503266
Target gene selection for sprayable dsRNA‐based biopesticide against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Wang Yifei , Duan Yuanpeng , Liu Meibin , Ren Meifeng , Gao Yue , Liu Zhongfang , Zhang Pengjiu , He Lifei , Fan Renjun , Zhou Xuguo , Yang Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause of the excessive use of synthetic chemicals, the two‐spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, a highly polyphagous pest, has developed comprehensive resistance to a broad spectrum of pesticides with diverse modes of action, raising severe concerns over agroecosystems and human health. To resolve this emerging issue, we initiated a project to develop double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA)‐based biopesticides against T. urticae, aiming for a species‐specific and sustainable pest management alternative.RESULTSTo examine the uptake of dsRNAs using the egg‐soaking delivery method, we fluorescently labeled extraneous dsRNAs, and later showed that T. urticae dsRNAs can permeate through eggshell in a time‐dependent manner within the first 24 h. For target gene screening, silencing of Prosbeta‐1 and ‐5 resulted in the highest mortality (>90%) and a dark body phenotype in T. urticae. Notably, each target gene was effective in both avermectin laboratory susceptible and field resistant populations. As such, Prosbeta‐5 was selected as the candidate target gene for subsequent spray‐induced gene silencing (SIGS). After two rounds of spray at day 5 and day 12, SIGS led to a substantial suppression of T. urticae populations (>90%).CONCLUSIONOur combined results suggest viable molecular targets, confirm the feasibility of SIGS against T. urticae, and lay the foundation for the development of dsRNA‐based biopesticides to control this devastating pest. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Synthesis and Supercapacitor Performance of Boron‐Doped Phenolic Resin‐Based Mesoporous Carbon
Authors: Bai Zhi‐Yan , Yang Fu , Sun Li‐Juan , Jia Yan‐Ming , Xie Yu‐Long 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe introduction of electron‐donating heteroatoms into mesoporous carbon is a strategy to significantly alter the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. In this study, boron‐doped mesoporous carbon spheres are synthesized by a high‐temperature hydrothermal method, and boric acid is added during micro polymerization of phenol‐formaldehyde resin microspheres to introduce boron atoms into the carbon backbone. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations and N2 adsorption tests verify the formation of a large number of mesopores in the porous carbon microspheres. The boron‐doped mesoporous carbon has a specific surface area of 1458 m2g−1. It possesses a specific capacitance in the three‐electrode regime of 212.65 F g−1 (at 0.5 A g−1) in the three‐electrode system. The supercapacitor device provided an energy density of 6.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 149.9 W kg−1. The capacitance retention after 5,000 cycles was 116.8%.
Aktueller Wissensstand von Patient:innen über den perioperativen Einfluss einer Anämie und ihrer Ursachen
Authors: Mock Janna , Hof Lotta , Dhein Theresa , Pollok Esther , Neef Vanessa , Kaiser Jochen , Zacharowski Kai , Meybohm Patrick , Choorapoikayil Suma 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Trotz der guten Behandelbarkeit einer Anämie ist ihre Prävalenz mit 30 % in der Allgemeinbevölkerung und mit 35 % bei chirurgischen Patient:innen hoch. Symptome werden oftmals falsch gedeutet und die Anämie von Patient:innen nicht als Erkrankung wahrgenommen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es, den Wissensstand von Patient:innen hinsichtlich einer Anämie bei bevorstehenden Operationen mit erhöhtem Blutverlust zu erheben.

Material und Methoden
Hierzu wurden Patient:innen, die sich einer Operation mit einer Transfusionswahrscheinlichkeit > 10 % unterzogen, in der Prämedikationsambulanz der Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie des Universitätsklinikums Frankfurt jeweils im Mai 2023 und Oktober 2023 mithilfe eines Fragebogens befragt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt konnten 196 ausgefüllte Fragebogen von Patient:innen ausgewertet werden. Die meisten korrekten Antworten wurden mit 54,3 % (n = 426/784) in der Kategorie „Anämiebehandlung“ gegeben, gefolgt von 50,1 % (n = 393/784) korrekten Antworten in der Kategorie „Anämiediagnostik“ und 48,8 % (n = 478/980) in der Kategorie „Perioperativer Einfluss einer Anämie“ sowie 44,6 % (n = 350/784) korrekten Antworten in der Kategorie „Einfluss der Ernährung“. Das größte Wissensdefizit wiesen die Befragten in der Kategorie „Anämiesymptome“ mit 38,1 % (n = 598/1568) korrekten Antworten und „Anämieursachen“ mit 36,1 % (n = 354/980) auf. Ein Großteil der Befragten (71,4 %; n = 140/195) hatte Interesse, mehr über die Anämien zu erfahren.

Schlussfolgerung
Zusammenfassend konnte festgestellt werden, dass ein ausgeprägtes Wissensdefizit bei chirurgischen Patient:innen hinsichtlich einer Anämie vorliegt. Vor allem im Bereich der Ursachen und der Symptome einer Anämie wurde nur etwa ein Drittel der Aussagen korrekt beantwortet.
The psychological effects of protective isolation on haematological stem cell transplant patients: an integrative, descriptive review
Authors: Lee Rachel S. , Halliday Lesley E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Protective isolation is used during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to protect patients at increased risk of infection. However, it is suggested that the intensity of strict isolation conditions combined with intense treatments can impact patients psychologically. This review explored the psychological effect of protective isolation on HSCT patients.

Method
CINAHL, MEDLINE, and ASSIA databases were used to search for qualitative research undertaken between 2016 and 2023. Quality was appraised using the CASP tool and thematic analysis was utilised to identify themes using Thomas and Harden as a guiding framework.

Results
Five papers were included and demonstrated that being in protective isolation during HSCT hospitalisation and after discharge created a feeling of disconnection from others and society, and that long periods of contemplation and a feeling of loss of control led to negative psychological impacts. All included papers found that patients experienced a range of negative emotional states during their time in protective isolation.

Conclusion
Psychological health management is an important part of holistic patient care. Patients who experience HSCT report considerable negative psychological effects from the need for protective isolation. Interventions and strategies to improve this are slow to be developed and have not received the necessary focus in recent years. Critically, to maximise the patient experience and provide the best care possible, interventions are urgently required to minimise the longer-term psychological impact of HSCT in this patient group to contribute to maximising quality of life post-HSCT.
Lifestyle recommendations and pelvic floor muscle training with Knack maneuver for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gerlegiz Ege Nur Atabey , Akbayrak Türkan , Gürşen Ceren , Yazici Mustafa Sertaç , Bolat Naşide Mangir , Akdoğan Bülent , Nakip Gülbala , Özgül Serap 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the additional effects of the Knack maneuver and comprehensive lifestyle recommendations to pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in individuals with post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PP-UI).

Methods
Seventy-one individuals with symptom of PP-UI were included. Individuals were randomly assigned to study groups (Group I: PFMT + Knack + Comprehensive Lifestyle Recommendations, Group II: PFMT + Knack, Group III: PFMT alone). Assessments were performed at the baseline and at the end of the 8th week. The primary outcome was the subjective severity and impact of UI. Secondary outcomes were objective severity of UI, health-related quality of life (QoL) and patient global impression of severity and improvement. Descriptive and outcome measures were compared between study groups using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The Games-Howell post hoc test was also used to indicate which groups differ.

Results
A total of 66 patients were included in the final analysis. Per protocol analysis in all three groups showed significant improvements in all primary and secondary outcomes in eight weeks. The group of patients who had the PFMT + Knack + Comprehensive Lifestyle Recommendations had the greatest improvement in all outcome measures (p < 0.001). In addition, while PFMT + Knack showed superiority in terms of subjective UI severity and effect of UI on daily life, compared to PFMT alone (p < 0.001), there was no inter-group differences for objective UI severity and other subdomains of QoL (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
Adding comprehensive lifestyle recommendations and/or Knack maneuver to traditional PFMT is more effective in the management of post-prostatectomy UI in the short term. Further long-term follow-up studies should be planned to investigate compliance and response to these combined interventions.

Clinical Trial Registration Number
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04804839. Date of registration: 03/17/2021.
Recent advances in immunotherapy for cervical cancer
Authors: Ogasawara Aiko , Hasegawa Kosei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common malignant tumor in women worldwide in terms of both incidence and mortality. The field of cervical cancer treatment is rapidly evolving, and various combination therapies are being explored to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and provide new treatment options for patients at different disease stages. Clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors are now being conducted following a phase 3 trial with cemiplimab, an ICI, which demonstrated a significant improvement in prognosis in advanced or metastatic cervical cancer patients. These trials include monotherapy and combination therapy with other immune therapies, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. Furthermore, other approaches for controlling tumors via the immune system, such as therapeutic vaccination for specific tumor antigens or immune cell therapy including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are being investigated. Ongoing trials will continue to illuminate the optimal strategies for combining these therapies and addressing challenges associated with immune checkpoint failure in cervical cancer. Herein, we conducted a review of articles related to immunotherapy for cervical cancer and describe current treatment strategies for cervical cancer via immunotherapy.
Integrating multiple sources of ordinal information in portfolio optimization
Authors: Çela Eranda , Hafner Stephan , Mestel Roland , Pferschy Ulrich 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this contribution we consider multiple qualitative views specified as total orders of the expected asset returns and discuss two different approaches for incorporating this input in a mean–variance portfolio optimization model. In the robust optimization approach we first compute a posterior expectation of asset returns for every given total order by an extension of the Black–Litterman (BL) framework. Then these expected asset returns are considered as possible input scenarios for robust optimization variants of the mean–variance portfolio model (max–min robustness, min-max regret robustness and soft robustness). In the order aggregation approach rules from social choice theory (Borda, Footrule, Copeland, Best-of-k and MC4) are used to aggregate the individual total orders into a single “consensus total order”. Then expected asset returns are computed for this “consensus total order” by the extended BL framework mentioned above. Finally, these expectations are used as an input of the classical mean–variance optimization. Using data from EUROSTOXX 50 and S&P 100 we empirically compare the success of the two approaches in the context of portfolio performance analysis and observe that aggregating orders by social choice methods mostly outperforms robust optimization based methods for both data sets and for different combinations of confidence and quality levels of the views.
Nesidiocoris tenuis, Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae) and (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate induce systemic resistance against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. in tomatoes
Authors: Fullana Aïda Magdalena , Giné Ariadna , Urbaneja Alberto , Pérez-Hedo Meritxell , Sorribas Francisco Javier , Expósito Alejandro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The management of Meloidogyne spp. in tomato crops presents significant challenges for sustainable agriculture. This study evaluates the potential of Nesidiocoris tenuis, Macrolophus pygmaeus, and (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate—two zoophytophagous mirid species and one of the herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) they trigger—to induce systemic resistance against Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica in tomato plants (cv. Bodar). To this end, we assess the expression of the PIN2 and PR1 genes, related to the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) pathways, respectively. Exposure of tomato plants to 15 nymphs of either N. tenuis or M. pygmaeus for 24 or 48 h, and to (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate for 24 h, before inoculation with 200 second-stage juveniles of the nematodes significantly reduced nematode infectivity and reproduction. Notably, PIN2 gene expression in leaves was upregulated nine- and 14-fold by N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus, respectively, zero days after nematode inoculation (DANI) and was repressed by the nematode seven DANI with a nine-fold decrease, but not when the plants were exposed to M. pygmaeus or N. tenuis, indicating a strong early defense response. However, PR1 expression levels showed no significant changes, suggesting a predominant role of the JA pathway over the SA pathway in the induced resistance. We conclude that induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants by N. tenuis, M. pygmaeus, and (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate before nematode exposure is a promising strategy for nematode management, at least to suppress nematode infection by the primary inoculum and later reproduction.
ASCO highlights: neoadjuvant immunotherapy in mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer
Authors: Piringer Gudrun 
Published: January 2025

Summary
Despite recent advances in therapy, certain subtypes of colorectal cancer, such as those that are microsatellite instability (MSI-high), mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) or tumor mutation burden high (TMB-H), remain a treatment challenge. In recent years, interest in neoadjuvant therapy strategies for localized colorectal cancer has increased—especially treatment with immunotherapies. At ASCO meeting 2024, updated data on 6‑month course of dostarlimab in patients with dMMR locally advanced rectal cancer as well as several trials investigating the use of neoadjuvant immunotherapy monotherapy or immunotherapy combinations in high-risk stage II–III dMMR colon cancer were presented.