bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The bioavailability and blood levels of low-dose rapamycin for longevity in real-world cohorts of normative aging individuals
Authors: Harinath Girish , Lee Virginia , Nyquist Andy , Moel Mauricio , Wouters Maartje , Hagemeier Jesper , Verkennes Brandon , Tacubao Colleen , Nasher Sayem , Kauppi Krister , Morgan Stefanie L. , Isman Anar , Zalzala Sajad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rapamycin, also known as sirolimus, has demonstrated great potential for application in longevity medicine. However, the dynamics of low-dose rapamycin bioavailability, and any differences in bioavailability for different formulations (e.g., compounded or commercial), remain poorly understood. We thus explored rapamycin bioavailability in two real-world cohorts to begin providing a foundational understanding of differences in effects between formulations over time. The small trial study cohort was utilized to explore the blood rapamycin levels of commercial (n = 44, dosages 2, 3, 6, or 8 mg) or compounded (n = 23, dosages 5, 10, or 15 mg) rapamycin 24 h after dose self-administration. Results suggested dose-to-blood level relationships were linear for both formulations, though compounded had a lower bioavailability per milligram of rapamycin (estimated to be 31.03% of the same dose of commercial). While substantial inter-individual heterogeneity in blood rapamycin levels was observed for both formulations, repeat tests for individuals over time demonstrated relative consistency. Extending exploration to 316 real-world longevity rapamycin users from the AgelessRx Observational Research Database produced similar findings, and additionally suggested that blood rapamycin levels peak after 2 days with gradual decline thereafter. Taken together, our findings suggest that individualized dosing and routine monitoring of blood rapamycin levels should be utilized to ensure optimal dosing and efficacy for healthy longevity.
Kidney function estimation equations: a narrative review
Authors: Khader Nisha Abdul , Kamath Veena Ganesh , Kamath Shobha Ullas , Rao Indu Ramachandra , Prabhu Attur Ravindra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as a marker of kidney function is important in health and disease management because decreased kidney function is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, progression of kidney disease, predisposition to acute kidney injury (AKI), and for drug dosage modification. While measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is acknowledged as the most accurate method for evaluating kidney function, it is at present not feasible to be applied in the clinical arena. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is preferred due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and seamless integration into standard clinical practice for kidney function evaluation. The presence of multiple equations for eGFR with applications to differing populations makes their use challenging for clinicians. We reviewed available estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) equations and their application in different clinical settings both in normal and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These formulae incorporate serum creatinine and/or serum cystatin C levels and correlate them with measured kidney function. Among the many available equations, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation is the most recommended due to its robustness and accuracy across diverse patient populations. Strengths and limitations of different eGFR equations are discussed emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate equation based on specific patient demographics and clinical scenarios. There is need for regional validation studies to ensure the global applicability of these equations, considering the variations in population characteristics.
Does training matter? Effect of training strategies on how pre-service teachers pose and assess modelling problems
Authors: Ferrando Irene , Barquero Berta , Segura Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Several studies highlight teachers’ challenges when posing and analysing modelling problems, often due to the absence of tools supporting these professional tasks. Thus, an important question refers to the effect of implementing different training strategies on the ability of prospective teachers to pose and assess modelling problems. Our study involves a sample of 110 pre-service primary school teachers, divided into three groups. The first group received extensive theoretical and practical teacher training in mathematical modelling based on the proposal of the study and research paths for teacher education. The second group received intensive theoretical training based on a didactic guide outlining the characteristics of modelling problems. The third group, which acts as a reference group, solely relied on the information provided by the Spanish curriculum. All participants undertake the same experience, involving the redesign and analysis of three textbook word problems into modelling problems. The results shed light on teachers’ training needs and the effectiveness of the tools in enhancing their ability to pose and assess modelling tasks at the primary school level.
Relationship Between Well-Being and Social Interest in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Character Strengths
Authors: Kaynak Ümre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
​Well-being, in its most general definition, includes good mental health, a sense of meaning or purpose, effective stress management, and high life satisfaction. According to Alfred Adler, a proponent of Individual Psychology, social interest is a fundamental criterion for mental health. Character strengths are a set of positive traits revealed through emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. They represent strong character traits and are unique psychological processes that determine virtues. This study examines the mediating role of character strengths in the relationship between well-being and social interest in adolescents. A total of 452 high school students (282 female and 170 male, aged 13–19 years) completed self-report questionnaires assessing their social interest, well-being, and character strengths. The results revealed social interest is positively and significantly related to well-being. Character virtues such as courage, justice, temperance, and transcendence mediate the relationship between social interest and well-being, while the virtue of humanity does not.
A new relaxed inertial method for solving monotone inclusion problem
Authors: Mzimela L. , Izuchukwu C. , Mebawondu A. A. , Narain O. K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We propose a relaxed inertial-Tseng method for solving monotone inclusion problem in a real Hilbert. The newly proposed inertial condition is relaxed and easy to implement, and its upper bound is easy to obtain unlike many conditions in the literature. We obtain a weak convergence result of the proposed method under weaker conditions and we present a series of numerical computations involving our newly suggested method, compared with established methods in the literature. In addition, the theoretical result is applied to image restoration problems. Notably, our findings enhance, broaden, and advance various preexisting outcomes available in scholarly discourse.
Adventure sports athletes on social media: potential effects on adolescents’ sports participation and risk-taking behavior
Authors: Frühauf Anika , Loinger Martin , Kopp Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As high physical inactivity and high social media use, especially in adolescents, are among the societal challenges of our time, this study aimed to investigate how adventure sport influencers (ASI) on social media affect adolescents in their adventure sport participation and behavior using mountain biking as an example. A qualitative research design was used. A total of 8 adolescent mountain bikers (aged between 11 and 15 years) and 8 pedagogical mountain bike experts who work with children and adolescents in bike clubs or bike camps were interviewed using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a thematic content approach. Three themes were constructed through the analysis, namely influence of adventure sports athletes, risk-taking behavior and physical education (PE). ASI seem to motivate especially young adolescents to participate in the activity. Enhanced risk-taking was not associated with ASI, but with peers and competitions. Adolescents did not report comparing themselves with ASI or experiencing negative effects on their mental well-being related to ASI. PE was discussed as an opportunity to introduce children and adolescents to an individual sport popular among the youth and potentially to increase bike safety on the roads. As there was no social comparison with ASI, adolescents’ motivation for physical activity seemed to be unrelated to the detrimental effects on mental health which have been evaluated in research with fitness influencers on social media. Future studies should investigate the potential pedagogical implications of integrating mountain biking into physical education.
Interpretation of geotechnical risk maps for Malatya province in terms of earthquake sequence on February 6, 2023
Authors: Sarici Talha , Ozcan Rumeysa Tugba 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The earthquake sequence that occurred on February 6, 2023, centered in Türkiye caused extensive loss of life and significant damage. In this study, the geotechnical properties of the central districts of Malatya province, one of the provinces affected by these earthquakes, were calculated using data obtained. In the calculations, the correlations suggested by the Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBEC) and internationally recommended correlations were used. Thus, the difference between the methods proposed by TBEC and internationally recommended correlations was interpreted. Using 1890 drilling data, 1765 seismic data, and 1764 microtremor data, calculations were made to determine bearing capacity values for 3 m x 3 m pad foundation, liquefaction potentials of the soil and soil classifications around this region. The results obtained from the calculations were mapped with geographical information systems-based software. Results of the study revealed that 2.9% of the study area in Battalgazi district and 1.71% for Yeşilyurt district had liquefaction potential. Almost 80% of each district was found to have a soil class of ZD (medium dense gravel and sand or clay layers) according to TBEC. The findings of the study were compared with previous studies, satellite images of the study area and post-earthquake observations. In areas where damage caused by the earthquake sequence was observed intensively, bearing capacity values were relatively low. It was concluded that building on poor soil conditions poses a profoundly serious risk in terms of earthquakes and very serious precautions should be taken by gathering several disciplines during the construction of these structures.
Investigation of resistance to gaseous hydrogen of a longitudinal weld seam in a X65 pipeline using the hollow specimen technique
Authors: Konert Florian , Nietzke Jonathan , Freitas Tomás , Rhode Michael , Sobol Oded , Böllinghaus Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The constantly increasing demand for renewable energy sources leads to the necessity of transporting large amounts of hydrogen. Since pipelines enable a cost-effective way for the distribution of gaseous hydrogen, the interaction of hydrogen and the pipeline materials must be carefully investigated as hydrogen can cause a degradation of the mechanical properties under certain conditions. Especially welds, which are assumed to be more susceptible to the degradation enhanced by hydrogen, are of great interest. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gaseous hydrogen on the mechanical properties of an X65 pipeline, and the longitudinal submerged arc welding (SAW) welded joint. The tests are conducted using the hollow specimen technique on two types of specimens: one extracted from the base material (BM) and the other extracted as a cross-weld (CW) specimen consisting of BM and weld seam. The specimens are charged in situ under a pressure of 60 bar and tested using slow strain rate (SSR) tensile tests with a nominal strain rate of 10−5 s−1. The properties obtained of specimens tested in hydrogen atmosphere are compared to the properties of comparable specimen in inert argon atmosphere as a reference. The performed tests showed a decrease of the reduction of area (RA) from 72% in inert atmosphere to 52% in hydrogen atmosphere for the CW specimen and a decrease from 73% in inert atmosphere to 51% for the BM. Metallographic analyses showed the crack initiation between fine-grained heat-affected zone (FGHAZ) and BM for the specimens tested in hydrogen atmosphere as well as for the reference specimens. This leads to the conclusion that the location of the crack initiation does not change due to the presence of gaseous hydrogen.
Multifunctional Graphdiyne Enables Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Anti-Solvent Additive Engineering
Authors: Shao Cong , He Jingyi , Ma Jiaxin , Wang Yirong , Niu Guosheng , Zhang Pengfei , Yang Kaiyi , Zhao Yao , Wang Fuyi , Li Yongjun , Wang Jizheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Finding ways to produce dense and smooth perovskite films with negligible defects is vital for achieving high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we aim to enhance the quality of the perovskite films through the utilization of a multifunctional additive in the perovskite anti-solvent, a strategy referred to as anti-solvent additive engineering. Specifically, we introduce ortho-substituted-4′-(4,4″-di-tert-butyl-1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl)-graphdiyne (o-TB-GDY) as an AAE additive, characterized by its sp/sp
2-cohybridized and highly π-conjugated structure, into the anti-solvent. o-TB-GDY not only significantly passivates undercoordinated lead defects (through potent coordination originating from specific high π–electron conjugation), but also serves as nucleation seeds to effectively enhance the nucleation and growth of perovskite crystals. This markedly reduces defects and non-radiative recombination, thereby increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 25.62% (certified as 25.01%). Meanwhile, the PSCs exhibit largely enhanced stability, maintaining 92.6% of their initial PCEs after 500 h continuous 1-sun illumination at ~ 23 °C in a nitrogen-filled glove box.
Processability of water atomized 410L steel with laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Toenjes Anastasiya , Schmidt Jonas , Hesselmann Marcel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of non-spherical water atomized powder on laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process parameters and microstructure of 410L steel. It was demonstrated that samples with a relative density of 99.99% can be produced with LPBF using water atomized powder with a relatively high particle size (51.51 ± 0.10 μm) and good flowability (flow angle < 41°). This density was achieved with a layer thickness of 30 µm as well as 50 µm. The results demonstrate the importance of sufficient powder flowability for successful layer application and highlight the need for increased energy input to achieve high densities due to irregular particle shape. In this work, the microstructure of additively manufactured components made of water atomized 410L is investigated and the possible applications of water atomized powder are discussed. Overall, the results show that water atomized 410L powder can be used as a cost-efficient alternative to gas atomized powder for LPBF processing as long as the powder flowability is sufficient and the LPBF process parameters are adapted accordingly.
Study of Yaw Moment Control Strategy of Four Wheel Independent
Drive Electric Vehicle
Authors: Lian Yubo , Chen Gongda , Liu Peng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A yaw moment control strategy for four wheel independent drive electrics vehicle is proposed in this paper. The control strategy is a hierarchical architecture which containing a yaw motion generation layer and a longitudinal force distribution layer. The yaw motion generation layer consists of feedforward control and feedback control. Unlike previous strategy, in this paper, yaw rate is considered as the only control variable which is feasible to be detected in practice. The feedforward control is used to enhance overshoot in transient condition while the feedback control is to change vehicle steady state steering characteristic and extend its lateral limit. The longitudinal force distribution layer is designed based on vehicle wheel load transfer model. It makes each tire fully utilized its lateral force limits. Based on these two layers, a control model is built accordingly. Both steady state and transient state experiments are conducted in Carsim simulation associated with the built Simulink control model. The simulation results show that proposed control strategy can enhance vehicle handling performance in steady state and transient state. Experiments were conducted on an electric vehicle which evaluated the accuracy of the established model and the effect of the proposed yaw moment control strategy.
Investigation of the Critical Buckling Temperatures and Free Vibration Response of Porous Functionally Graded Magneto-Electro-Elastic Sandwich Higher-Order Nanoplates with Temperature-Dependent Material Properties
Authors: Esen Ismail , Aktaş Kerim Gökhan , Pehlivan Fatih 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This article aims to determine the critical buckling temperature and thermomechanical free vibration response of a porous functionally graded material (FGM) nanoplate sandwiched between porous magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) plate layers, taking into account temperature-dependent material properties.

Methods
The upper surface of the FGM host structure is considered zirconia (ZrO ), and the lower surface is stainless steel (SUS304). In addition, the MEE face layers are considered to be homogenous volumetric mixtures of cobalt-ferrite (CoFe O ) and barium-titanate (BaTiO ). It is assumed that the host structure’s effective mechanical and thermal material properties are graded in the thickness direction according to the power law distribution. The effective mechanical, electrical, thermal, and magnetic properties of the face plates are obtained by the rule of mixture. This study was conducted using sinusoidal higher-order shear deformation theory (SHSDT) and nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory (NSGT). Hamilton's theory is utilized to derive the equations of motion of sandwich nanoplates. Closed-form solutions are obtained by the use of Navier's method.

Results
Parametric simulations are carried out to examine the effects of the power law index, nonlocal parameters, electric, magnetic, and thermal loads, porosity volume fraction, porosity distribution and volume ratio of CoFe O and BaTiO on the free vibration and buckling behavior of the nanoplate. The results of the simulations are compared with published works to verify the accuracy of the proposed method.

Conclusion
According to the analysis results, it is determined that the power law index, porosity ratio, porosity distribution function, temperature dependent properties, magneto-electro-thermo-mechanical loads and nonlocal factors significantly affect the thermomechanical behavior of the nanoplate.
Adaptive neural network for quantum error mitigation
Authors: Adeniyi Temitope Bolaji , Kumar Sathish A. P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantum computing holds transformative promise, but its realization is hindered by the inherent susceptibility of quantum computers to errors. Quantum error mitigation has proved to be an enabling way to reduce computational error in present noisy intermediate scale quantum computers. This research introduces an innovative approach to quantum error mitigation by leveraging machine learning, specifically employing adaptive neural networks. With experiment and simulations done on 127-qubit IBM superconducting quantum computer, we were able to develop and train a neural network architecture to dynamically adjust output expectation values based on error characteristics. The model leverages a prior classifier module outcome on simulated quantum circuits with errors, and the antecedent neural network regression module adapts its parameters and response to each error characteristics. Results demonstrate the adaptive neural network’s efficacy in mitigating errors across diverse quantum circuits and noise models, showcasing its potential to surpass traditional error mitigation techniques with an accuracy of 99% using the fully adaptive neural network for quantum error mitigation. This work presents a significant application of classical machine learning methods towards enhancing the robustness and reliability of quantum computations, providing a pathway for the practical realization of quantum computing technologies.
Application of quantum-inspired tensor networks to optimize federated learning systems
Authors: Bhatia Amandeep Singh , Saggi Mandeep Kaur , Kais Sabre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Federated learning (FL) has gained significant traction across diverse industries, which allows multiple clients or institutions to enhance model performance and outcomes while preserving data privacy collaboratively. In recent years, tensor networks (TNs) have become important in machine learning because they allow the compact representation of high-dimensional tensors by decomposing them into lower-dimensional components with polynomial complexity. The application of TNs in FL is a natural extension because of its flexible framework for representing and optimizing models. Inspired by quantum computing principles, we have integrated a quantum-inspired tensor network into the FL framework. This framework focuses on a one-dimensional matrix product state (MPS) tensor network (TN) in a federated setting (FedTN), with data distributed across homogeneous and heterogeneous partitions among clients. Our experiments demonstrate that tensor network-based federated learning can be made practical, as FedTN is robust to the unbalanced and non-IID data distributions typically encountered in such settings. Our research assessed the effectiveness and feasibility of comparing quantum-inspired TN and conventional methods, evaluating their performance, and exploring the benefits of incorporating quantum principles in FL settings. Furthermore, we have investigated its performance when training for many local epochs (large E) between the averaging steps.
Fifty Years of Early Medieval History
Authors: Smith Julia M. H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article reflects on the phrase ‘early medieval’ as applied to European history between the end of Roman political rule in the West and some indeterminate point in the tenth or eleventh centuries. It is framed with reference to Michael Wallace-Hadrill’s 1974 lecture entitled ‘Early Medieval History’, which serves as a foil for a discussion of the evolving historiographical landscape from 1974 to 2024. The origins and the chronology of the term’s adoption into English usage are reviewed and, with an eye to discourses of modernity, the elements of middle-ness and early-ness are dissected. Points of comparison and contrast with the notion of ‘early modernity’ are noted, while an emphasis on the entanglement of middle-ness with European-ness leads into a discussion of whether the term has any applicability to extra-European history. The article concludes by highlighting the value of the weak relationship of ‘early medieval’ to modernity.