bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Property Restitution and Privatisation in the Baltic Restorations of Capitalism
Authors: Norkus Zenonas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe Baltic restorations certainly deserve the status of paradigmatic modern restoration cases not only because they happened at the time when the share of survivors socialised under the original system was already approaching the critical threshold, separating token or ‘true’ restorations from reversals of a different kind. Only in Lithuania (if we accept the partisan underground state thesis) was the situation less dramatic. The determined affirmation in the legislation of contemporary Baltic states of their identity with states de facto extinct 50 years ago but still internationally recognised de jure is another reason. The most important reason to consider them as paradigms of modern restorations however is the following: the post-communist development of the Baltic countries was even more decidedly restorational than that of the French Bourbons in 1815–1830. Therefore, they may be much more instructive for the theorisation of modern restorations.
Making Investigative Journalism in a Hybrid Manner
Authors: Konow-Lund Maria , Park Michelle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIt is easy to forget that, historically, hybridity has always been a part of journalism (Hamilton, 2016). For example, ethnographer and sociologist Gaye Tuchman (1978) first engaged with the ‘hybrid’ context of the television newsroom in the 1970s, unpacking its use of sound, moving images, still images, and lighting in relation to the traditional newspaper newsroom, which she had studied for her 1969 dissertation research. That ten-year production study relied upon the direct observation of news workers, editors, and their workplaces and led her to the powerful conclusion that journalism was in fact socially constructed or ‘made’ (Tuchman, 1969). She would develop her thinking about the news across media in her book Making news: A study of the construction of reality in 1978. Her work remains a model of scholarly engagement with journalism and its various platforms and practices even today.
Introduction to Youth Entrepreneurship
Authors: van der Westhuizen Thea 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSouth Africa is facing its biggest crisis ever in relation to youth unemployment. Under the expanded definition of total national unemployment, which includes discouraged job seekers, the rate rose to a record of 43.2% in the first quarter of 2021 from 42.6% in the previous quarter. Underscoring the gravity of the situation, the youth’s jobless rate based on the expanded definition now stands at 74.7%, which means that only one in four school leavers who are 24 or younger have a job in South Africa. A link between youth unemployment and low economic development is evident in South Africa, and the low economic growth influences the total labour market. It is important to examine the effects that unemployment has on youth development because unemployed youths are unable to gain valuable entrepreneurial skills. Entrepreneurship is often seen as a strategy to improve youth unemployment, but by no means can it be seen as a save-it-all strategy for national social-economic development. Attempting to investigate possible support strategies for youth entrepreneurs, the SHAPE ecosystem for youth entrepreneurs was first theoretically created and then practically applied over time.
Toolkit—Tools to Develop Core Business, Growth, and Sustainability
Authors: van der Westhuizen Thea 
Published: November 2023

Abstract‘Co-evolving’ brings with it the ideaof growingour business with others to be relevant to an expanding world. If our business idea is not relevant, it is unsustainable. It is like the seed thrown on stony ground; it will fail. All businesses need resources to feed on to thrive. In economic terms, these are sometimes called the ‘factors of production’: land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship. Labour refers to what we today call human resources, and capital is the money or financing required to keep the business afloat, pay suppliers and employees, and reinvest in the business so that it can grow and prosper for its owners and shareholders. Our last resource, entrepreneurship, is us, the people with the drive, attitude, and innovation to start and run a successful business. The third quadrant of the SHAPE Business Model Canvas is a tool to help entrepreneurs to think about their business’s resources and operational needs.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the form factors of B to scalar meson decays
Authors: Han Xue-Ying , Lu Long-Shun , Lü Cai-Dian , Shen Yue-Long , Shi Bo-Xuan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We calculate the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to B to scalar meson form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules with B meson light-cone distribution amplitudes. We demonstrate that the B meson-to-vacuum correlation functions can be factorized into the convolution of short-distance coefficients and light-cone distribution amplitudes at the one-loop level and find that only $$ {\phi}_B^{+} $$

ϕ
B
+

(ω, μ) contributes to the form factors. We then employ the z-parameterization combined with constraints from strong coupling constants to reconstruct the q2 dependence of the form factors in the whole kinematic allowed regions. Due to the large cancellations between the hard functions and the jet functions, the next-to-leading order results show a modest increase of approximately 5% compared to the leading order results. Based on the results of form factors, we predict the branching ratios of semi-leptonic B → $$ S\ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$
S
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

and B → $$ S{\nu}_{\ell }{\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$
S

ν
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

processes, as well as several angular observables, such as forward-backward asymmetries, “flat terms” and lepton polarization asymmetries. We compare these results with calculations from other methods. Experimental verification of these results is required in future experiments.
Bi-Yang-Baxter models and Sl(2)-orbits
Authors: Grimm Thomas W. , Monnee Jeroen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We study integrable deformations of two-dimensional non-linear σ-models and present a new class of classical solutions to critical bi-Yang-Baxter models for general groups. For the simplest example, namely the SL(2, ℝ) bi-Yang-Baxter model, we show that our solutions can be mapped to the known complex uniton solutions of the SU(2) bi-Yang-Baxter model. In general, our solutions are constructed from so-called Sl(2)-orbits that play a central role in the study of asymptotic Hodge theory. This provides further evidence for a close relation between integrable non-linear σ-models and the mathematical principles underlying Hodge theory. We have also included a basic introduction to the relevant aspects of asymptotic Hodge theory and have provided some simple examples.
Techniques in Equivariant Ehrhart Theory
Authors: Elia Sophia , Kim Donghyun , Supina Mariel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEquivariant Ehrhart theory generalizes the study of lattice point enumeration to also account for the symmetries of a polytope under a linear group action. We present a catalogue of techniques with applications in this field, including zonotopal decompositions, symmetric triangulations, combinatorial interpretation of the $$h^*$$

h
∗

-polynomial, and certificates for the (non)existence of invariant nondegenerate hypersurfaces. We apply these methods to several families of examples including hypersimplices, orbit polytopes, and graphic zonotopes, expanding the library of polytopes for which their equivariant Ehrhart theory is known.
IGA-based topology optimization in the design of stress-constrained compliant mechanisms
Authors: Villalba D. , Gonçalves M. , Dias-de-Oliveira J. , Andrade-Campos A. , Valente R. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTopology design of compliant mechanisms has gained wide popularity among the scientific community, and their use in the mechanical engineering field is being of upmost importance. In this paper, an isogeometric analysis (IGA) formulation is used to solve the topology optimization problem of compliant mechanisms. Stress constraints are introduced in the problem to guarantee the attainment of realistic solutions. For this purpose, an overweight constraint is considered for the design process, replacing the use of local stress constraints. The material distribution in the domain is modeled with quadratic B-splines and with a uniform relative density within each element of the mesh. These strategies to define the material layout are used to compare the IGA-based formulation with the finite element (FEM) formulation. The IGA formulation provides several advantages with respect to the classical FEM-based approaches that are shown and analyzed with an input-parameters sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis and the assessment of the importance of introducing of stress constraints in the problem are developed by solving two benchmark problems. Regarding the sensitivity analysis of input parameters, the results show that the ratio between the material and the springs stiffnesses is the parameter with the largest influence on the solutions of the problem. Moreover, the advantages of the IGA formulations over FEM formulations are related with the computational time, the smoothness of the structural borders, and the non-appearance of the checkerboard patterns. With respect to the stress constraints, the results show that they have to be considered in order to avoid instability and structural integrity problems.
Determination of selenium-containing species, including nanoparticles, in selenium-enriched Lingzhi mushrooms
Authors: LeBlanc Kelly L. , Kumlung Tantima , Suárez Priede Andrés , Kumkrong Paramee , Junvee Thippaya , Deawtong Suladda , Bettmer Jörg , Montes-Bayón María , Mester Zoltan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMushrooms are considered a valuable food source due to their high protein and fibre and low fat content, among the other health benefits of their consumption. Selenium is an essential nutrient and is renowned for its chemo-preventative properties. In this study, batches of selenium-enriched Lingzhi mushrooms were prepared by growing mycelium and fruit in substrates containing various concentrations of sodium selenite. The mushroom fruit accumulated low levels of selenium with selenomethionine being the most abundant form in all enriched samples. Conversely, the mycelium showed significant selenium accumulation but relatively low proportions of selenomethionine. The red colour of the selenium-enriched mycelia indicated the probable presence of selenium nanoparticles, which was confirmed by single-particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Mean particle diameters of 90–120 nm were observed, with size distributions of 60–250 nm. Additional analysis with transmission electron microscopy confirmed this size distribution and showed that the biogenic selenium nanoparticles were roughly spherical in shape and contained elemental selenium.
Graphical Abstract
Independent validation of CT radiomics models in colorectal liver metastases: predicting local tumour progression after ablation
Authors: van der Reijd Denise J. , Guerendel Corentin , Staal Femke C. R. , Busard Milou P. , De Oliveira Taveira Mateus , Klompenhouwer Elisabeth G. , Kuhlmann Koert F. D. , Moelker Adriaan , Verhoef Cornelis , Starmans Martijn P. A. , Lambregts Doenja M. J. , Beets-Tan Regina G. H. , Benson Sean , Maas Monique 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Independent internal and external validation of three previously published CT-based radiomics models to predict local tumor progression (LTP) after thermal ablation of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).

Materials and methods
Patients with CRLM treated with thermal ablation were collected from two institutions to collect a new independent internal and external validation cohort. Ablation zones (AZ) were delineated on portal venous phase CT 2–8 weeks post-ablation. Radiomics features were extracted from the AZ and a 10 mm peri-ablational rim (PAR) of liver parenchyma around the AZ. Three previously published prediction models (clinical, radiomics, combined) were tested without retraining. LTP was defined as new tumor foci appearing next to the AZ up to 24 months post-ablation.

Results
The internal cohort included 39 patients with 68 CRLM and the external cohort 52 patients with 78 CRLM. 34/146 CRLM developed LTP after a median follow-up of 24 months (range 5–139). The median time to LTP was 8 months (range 2–22). The combined clinical-radiomics model yielded a c-statistic of 0.47 (95%CI 0.30–0.64) in the internal cohort and 0.50 (95%CI 0.38–0.62) in the external cohort, compared to 0.78 (95%CI 0.65–0.87) in the previously published original cohort. The radiomics model yielded c-statistics of 0.46 (95%CI 0.29–0.63) and 0.39 (95%CI 0.28–0.52), and the clinical model 0.51 (95%CI 0.34–0.68) and 0.51 (95%CI 0.39–0.63) in the internal and external cohort, respectively.

Conclusion
The previously published results for prediction of LTP after thermal ablation of CRLM using clinical and radiomics models were not reproducible in independent internal and external validation.

Clinical relevance statement
Local tumour progression after thermal ablation of CRLM cannot yet be predicted with the use of CT radiomics of the ablation zone and peri-ablational rim. These results underline the importance of validation of radiomics results to test for reproducibility in independent cohorts.

Key Points
• Previous research suggests CT radiomics models have the potential to predict local tumour progression after thermal ablation in colorectal liver metastases, but independent validation is lacking.
• In internal and external validation, the previously published models were not able to predict local tumour progression after ablation.
• Radiomics prediction models should be investigated in independent validation cohorts to check for reproducibility.

Graphical Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy as revisional bariatric procedures after adjustable gastric banding: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Santos-Sousa Hugo , Nogueiro Jorge , Lindeza Luis , Carmona Maria Neves , Amorim-Cruz Filipe , Resende Fernando , Costa-Pinho André , Preto John , Sousa-Pinto Bernardo , Carneiro Silvestre , Lima-da-Costa Eduardo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The frequency of revisional bariatric surgery is increasing, but its effectiveness and safety are not yet fully established. The aim of our study was to compare short-term outcomes of primary (pRYGB and pSG) and revisional bariatric surgeries (rRYGB and rSG).

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study assessing all patients submitted to primary and revisional (after a failed AGB) RYGB and SG in 2019. Each patient was followed-up at 6 months and 12 months after surgery. We compared pRYGB vs. rRYGB, pSG vs. rSG and rRYGB vs. rSG on weight loss, surgical complications, and resolution of comorbidities.

Results
We assessed 494 patients, of which 18.8% had undergone a revisional procedure. Higher weight loss at 6 and 12 months was observed in patients undergoing primary vs. revisional procedures. Patients submitted to rRYGB lost more weight than those with rSG (%EWL 12 months = 82.6% vs. 69.0%, p < 0.001). Regarding the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities, diabetes resolution was more frequent in pRYGB than rRYGB (54.2% vs. 25.0%; p = 0.038). Also, 41.7% of the patients who underwent rRYGB had dyslipidemia resolution vs. 0% from the rSG group (p = 0.035). Dyslipidemia resolution was also more common in pSG vs. rSG (68.6% vs. 0.0%; p = 0.001). No significant differences in surgical complications were found.

Conclusion
Revisional bariatric surgery is effective and safe treating obesity and related comorbidities after AGB. Primary procedures appear to be associated with better weight loss outcomes. Further prospective studies are needed to better understand the role of revisional bariatric surgery.
Addressing the data bottleneck in medical deep learning models using a human-in-the-loop machine learning approach
Authors: Mosqueira-Rey Eduardo , Hernández-Pereira Elena , Bobes-Bascarán José , Alonso-Ríos David , Pérez-Sánchez Alberto , Fernández-Leal Ángel , Moret-Bonillo Vicente , Vidal-Ínsua Yolanda , Vázquez-Rivera Francisca 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAny machine learning (ML) model is highly dependent on the data it uses for learning, and this is even more important in the case of deep learning models. The problem is a data bottleneck, i.e. the difficulty in obtaining an adequate number of cases and quality data. Another issue is improving the learning process, which can be done by actively introducing experts into the learning loop, in what is known as human-in-the-loop (HITL) ML. We describe an ML model based on a neural network in which HITL techniques were used to resolve the data bottleneck problem for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. We first augmented the dataset using synthetic cases created by a generative adversarial network. We then launched an active learning (AL) process involving human experts as oracles to label both new cases and cases by the network found to be suspect. This AL process was carried out simultaneously with an interactive ML process in which feedback was obtained from humans in order to develop better synthetic cases for each iteration of training. We discuss the challenges involved in including humans in the learning process, especially in relation to human–computer interaction, which is acquiring great importance in building ML models and can condition the success of a HITL approach. This paper also discusses the methodological approach adopted to address these challenges.
3′-tRF-CysGCA overexpression in HEK-293 cells alters the global expression profile and modulates cellular processes and pathways
Authors: Karousi Paraskevi , Samiotaki Martina , Makridakis Manousos , Zoidakis Jerome , Sideris Diamantis C. , Scorilas Andreas , Carell Thomas , Kontos Christos K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstracttRNA fragments (tRFs) are small non-coding RNAs generated through specific cleavage of tRNAs and involved in various biological processes. Among the different types of tRFs, the 3′-tRFs have attracted scientific interest due to their regulatory role in gene expression. In this study, we investigated the role of 3′-tRF-CysGCA, a tRF deriving from cleavage in the T-loop of tRNACysGCA, in the regulation of gene expression in HEK-293 cells. Previous studies have shown that 3′-tRF-CysGCA is incorporated into the RISC complex and interacts with Argonaute proteins, suggesting its involvement in the regulation of gene expression. However, the general role and effect of the deregulation of 3′-tRF-CysGCA levels in human cells have not been investigated so far. To fill this gap, we stably overexpressed 3′-tRF-CysGCA in HEK-293 cells and performed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Moreover, we validated the interaction of this tRF with putative targets, the levels of which were found to be affected by 3′-tRF-CysGCA overexpression. Lastly, we investigated the implication of 3′-tRF-CysGCA in various pathways using extensive bioinformatics analysis. Our results indicate that 3′-tRF-CysGCA overexpression led to changes in the global gene expression profile of HEK-293 cells and that multiple cellular pathways were affected by the deregulation of the levels of this tRF. Additionally, we demonstrated that 3′-tRF-CysGCA directly interacts with thymopoietin (TMPO) transcript variant 1 (also known as LAP2α), leading to modulation of its levels. In conclusion, our findings suggest that 3′-tRF-CysGCA plays a significant role in gene expression regulation and highlight the importance of this tRF in cellular processes.
Becoming aware of an authentic historic place: effects on affective and cognitive outcomes
Authors: Ries Melissa , Schwan Stephan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe present study addressed the effects of becoming aware of being at an authentic historic place both on affective reactions and acquisition of information about the relevant historic events. The study was conducted in a research institute located in a former National Socialist (NS) clinic, thus holding an authentic historic dimension, while at the same time, the building’s physical attributes do not resemble its history anymore. This allowed us to manipulate the participants’ awareness of being at an authentic historic place via systematic variation of prior information (neutral information about the building, general information about a historic event, information about the authenticity of the place regarding the historic event). After receiving prior information, participants had to indicate their emotional valence and arousal. They were then shown a set of photographs related to the relevant historical period or to another unrelated period in randomized order and, after a filler task, were given a memory test of the photographs. Afterwards, participants rated the study room regarding its valence and evoking arousal. It was found that awareness of being at an authentic place had a negative effect on personal mood. Furthermore, the site itself was perceived less positively when participants were aware of its NS history. However, no differences in memory performance of relevant photos were found due to history awareness. The findings indicate that being at an authentic historic place does not necessarily imply a better acquisition of relevant historical knowledge.
Invasion of farmland hedgerows by non-native small mammals is associated with lower soil surface invertebrate diversity, abundance, body size and biomass
Authors: Montgomery W. Ian , Montgomery Sally S. J. , O’Neill James , Reid Neil 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmall mammals in farmland hedgerows feed on soil surface invertebrates with non-native invasive species potentially affecting prey species and populations. We investigated terrestrial invertebrates using pitfall traps and leaf litter samples across four zones of invasion in Ireland: (1) native species only (wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus and pygmy shrew Sorex minutus), (2) natives plus the non-native bank vole (Myodes glareolus), (3) natives plus the non-native greater white-toothed shrew (Crocidura russula) and (4) natives plus both. After accounting for regional and local environmental variation, small mammal invasion was associated with lower invertebrate species richness (9–39% lower than uninvaded zones), reduced abundance (18–56% lower), shorter arthropod body length (24–52% shorter) and lower arthropod biomass (63–89% lower). Negative effects were observed on a wide range of disparate functional groups spanning phytophagous, detritivorus, zoophagous and omnivorous taxa including: the Staphylinidae, Carabidae and Coleoptera larvae, Isopoda, Diplopoda, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Pulmonata and Acari. The greater white-toothed shrew had greater negative effects than the bank vole with presence of both having greater effects than either alone though the majority of their combined effects were largely attributable to the former. The bank vole may mitigate some of the negative effects of the greater white-toothed shrew on invertebrate abundance perhaps indicating of some form of trophic interaction. Predation of detritivores and large invertebrate predators may impact farmland ecosystem service delivery i.e. nutrient cycling and pest biocontrol. Hedgerow biodiversity loss may induce indirect trophic cascades negatively impacting other taxa including farmland birds.