bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of protecting the QCD axion in the dual description
Authors: Choi Gongjun , Leedom Jacob 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The QCD axion can be formulated in a dual description as a massive 2-form field. In this picture, the QCD axion quality problem translates into the question if there are additional 3-forms coupled to the axion other than the QCD 3-form that emerges at low energy. If such forms exist, the quality problem can be resolved via the introduction of other massive 2-forms (and thus corresponding axions), one for each additional 3-form. This can motivate an “axiverse from a high quality QCD axion”. In this work, we discuss this issue in the general case where the QCD axion couples to arbitrarily many 3-forms. Given the multiple axion solution, we discuss the phenomenological implications of the enhanced quality of the QCD axion in the dual description. These include sub-eV axion-like particle search through the axion-photon coupling, the cosmological consistency of a large decay constant QCD axion, and a model for the observed cosmic birefringence.
Celestial Berends-Giele current
Authors: Tao Yi-Xiao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Celestial amplitude plays an important role in the understanding of holography. Computing celestial amplitudes by recursion can deepen our understanding of the structure of celestial amplitudes. As an important recursion method, the Berends-Giele (BG) currents on the celestial sphere are worth studying. In this paper, we study the celestial BG recursion and utilize this to calculate some typical examples. We also explore the OPE behavior of celestial BG currents. Moreover, we generalize the “sewing procedure” for BG currents to the celestial case.
(N)NLO+NLL’ accurate predictions for plain and groomed 1-jettiness in neutral current DIS
Authors: Knobbe Max , Reichelt Daniel , Schumann Steffen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The possibility to reanalyse data taken by the HERA experiments offers the chance to study modern QCD jet and event-shape observables in deep-inelastic scattering. To address this, we compute resummed and matched predictions for the 1-jettiness distribution in neutral current DIS with and without grooming the hadronic final state using the soft-drop technique. Our theoretical predictions also account for non-perturbative corrections from hadronisation through parton-to-hadron level transfer matrices extracted from dedicated Monte Carlo simulations with Sherpa. To estimate parameter uncertainties in particular for the beam-fragmentation modelling we derive a family of replica tunes to data from the HERA experiments. While NNLO QCD normalisation corrections to the NLO+NLL’ prediction are numerically small, hadronisation corrections turn out to be quite sizeable. However, soft-drop grooming significantly reduces the impact of non-perturbative contributions. We supplement our study with hadron-level predictions from Sherpa based on the matching of NLO QCD matrix elements with the parton shower. Good agreement between the predictions from the two calculational methods is observed.
Recent advances and current limitations of available technology to optically manipulate and observe cardiac electrophysiology
Authors: Marchal Gerard A. , Biasci Valentina , Yan Ping , Palandri Chiara , Campione Marina , Cerbai Elisabetta , Loew Leslie M. , Sacconi Leonardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOptogenetics, utilising light-reactive proteins to manipulate tissue activity, are a relatively novel approach in the field of cardiac electrophysiology. We here provide an overview of light-activated transmembrane channels (optogenetic actuators) currently applied in strategies to modulate cardiac activity, as well as newly developed variants yet to be implemented in the heart. In addition, we touch upon genetically encoded indicators (optogenetic sensors) and fluorescent dyes to monitor tissue activity, including cardiac transmembrane potential and ion homeostasis. The combination of the two allows for all-optical approaches to monitor and manipulate the heart without any physical contact. However, spectral congestion poses a major obstacle, arising due to the overlap of excitation/activation and emission spectra of various optogenetic proteins and/or fluorescent dyes, resulting in optical crosstalk. Therefore, optogenetic proteins and fluorescent dyes should be carefully selected to avoid optical crosstalk and consequent disruptions in readouts and/or cellular activity. We here present a novel approach to simultaneously monitor transmembrane potential and cytosolic calcium, while also performing optogenetic manipulation. For this, we used the novel voltage-sensitive dye ElectroFluor 730p and the cytosolic calcium indicator X-Rhod-1 in mouse hearts expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). By exploiting the isosbestic point of ElectroFluor 730p and avoiding the ChR2 activation spectrum, we here introduce a novel optical imaging and manipulation approach with minimal crosstalk. Future developments in both optogenetic proteins and fluorescent dyes will allow for additional and more optimised strategies, promising a bright future for all-optical approaches in the field of cardiac electrophysiology.
The tool effect is lower in older adults with or without cognitive impairments than in young adults
Authors: Luyat Marion , Dumez Kévin , Noël Myriam , Altintas Emin , Campion Cédric , Lafargue Gilles , Guerraz Michel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGrabbing a phone from a table or stepping over an obstacle on the ground are daily activities that require the brain to take account of both object and the body’s parameters. Research has shown that a person’s estimated maximum reach is temporarily overestimated after using a tool, even when the tool is no longer in hand. This tool effect reflects the high plasticity of the perceptual-motor system (e.g., body schema updating)—at least in young individuals. The objective of the present study was to determine whether the tool effect is smaller in older adults. Forty-four young adults, 37 older adults without cognitive impairment and 30 older adults with cognitive impairment took part in the experiment. The task consisted in visually estimating the ability to reach (using the index finger) a target positioned at different locations on a table, both before and after using a rake. We observed a strong after-effect of tool use in the young adults only. Conversely, a tool effect was similarly absent in the older adults without and with cognitive impairment. Moreover, even before the tool was used, the maximum reach was overestimated in each of the three groups, although the overestimation was greatest in the two groups of older adults. In summary, we showed that the tool effect, observed in young adults, was absent in older adults; this finding suggests that with advancing age, the perceptual-motor system is less able to adapt to novel sensorimotor contexts. This lack of adaptation might explain (at least in part) the overestimation of motor skills often reported in the elderly.
Global mapping of institutional and hospital-based (Level II–IV) arthroplasty registries: a scoping review
Authors: Zgouridou Aikaterini , Kenanidis Eustathios , Potoupnis Michael , Tsiridis Eleftherios 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Four joint arthroplasty registries (JARs) levels exist based on the recorded data type. Level I JARs are national registries that record primary data. Hospital or institutional JARs (Level II–IV) document further data (patient-reported outcomes, demographic, radiographic). A worldwide list of Level II–IV JARs must be created to effectively assess and categorize these data.

Methods
Our study is a systematic scoping review that followed the PRISMA guidelines and included 648 studies. Based on their publications, the study aimed to map the existing Level II–IV JARs worldwide. The secondary aim was to record their lifetime, publications’ number and frequency and recognise differences with national JARs.

Results
One hundred five Level II–IV JARs were identified. Forty-eight hospital-based, 45 institutional, and 12 regional JARs. Fifty JARs were found in America, 39 in Europe, nine in Asia, six in Oceania and one in Africa. They have published 485 cohorts, 91 case-series, 49 case–control, nine cross-sectional studies, eight registry protocols and six randomized trials. Most cohort studies were retrospective. Twenty-three per cent of papers studied patient-reported outcomes, 21.45% surgical complications, 13.73% postoperative clinical and 5.25% radiographic outcomes, and 11.88% were survival analyses. Forty-four JARs have published only one paper. Level I JARs primarily publish implant revision risk annual reports, while Level IV JARs collect comprehensive data to conduct retrospective cohort studies.

Conclusions
This is the first study mapping all Level II–IV JARs worldwide. Most JARs are found in Europe and America, reporting on retrospective cohorts, but only a few report on studies systematically.
Multi-day fair collaboration in demand-responsive transportation
Authors: Angelelli E. , Morandi V. , Speranza M. G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the case of companies that offer a demand-responsive transportation service, such as a shared-taxi service, and are engaged in a horizontal collaboration initiative. The goal of the coalition is to optimize the transportation operations in such a way that no company is penalized, in terms of customers served and/or working time. We present an optimization model for a multi-day planning horizon that includes constraints aimed at guaranteeing a level of fairness to all companies that can be controlled over the planning horizon and day-by-day, if beneficial. An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic is then presented for its solution. The computational experiments show that, although the model constraints the optimization space, it still guarantees substantial savings. Moreover, they show that the model is flexible and can guarantee the sustainability in the long term of the collaboration initiative.
Avoiding the Dutch Disease in tourism-led economies: reconciling tourism development and sectoral diversification
Authors: Inchausti-Sintes Federico 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough tourism has produced long-term growth and progress, the economic consequences of this economic specialisation, which is summarised by the paradoxical effect known as the Dutch Disease, alongside the worst financial performance in tourism-led economies as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, indicate the need for diversification in such economies. Previous research has overwhelmingly shown that tourism development results in decreases in traditional exports, overdevelopment of services and marginalises the weight of industry in the economy. Using a theoretical dynamic general equilibrium model, this article demonstrates that the Dutch Disease can be avoided in tourism-led economies, precisely owing to tourism specialisation, and non-tourism development is possible. More importantly, non-tourism development can be achieved by simultaneously enhancing the quality of tourism-based activities to increase international competitiveness.
Assessment of the ground coverage ratio of agrivoltaic systems as a proxy for potential crop productivity
Authors: Dupraz Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe yield of crops in both agrivoltaic (AV) and agroforestry (AF) systems is difficult to predict. The shade pattern of an AV system is not typical and is quite different from the one of AF systems. Most countries allow AV systems on croplands only if the crop productivity is maintained (e.g., in France) or slightly reduced, as in Japan and Germany, with 80% and 66% minimum relative yield (RY) required, respectively. I suggest using the Ground Coverage Ratio (GCR: ratio of area of photovoltaic panels to area of land) as an indicator of the crop potential productivity in AV systems. The GCR can easily be computed and controlled for all kinds of AV systems with panels that are either fixed (horizontal, tilted, or vertical) or mobile (on 1- or 2-axis trackers). Here, I provide a synthesis of published data for crop productivity under AV systems. Only publications that provided both the GCR of the system and the crop RYs were included. Measuring RYs requires a reliable non-AV control plot. Several publications were excluded because of doubts regarding the measurements’ validity (e.g., systems that are too small, resulting in strong edge effects, or unreliable control plots). Despite the scattering of results, a clear pattern is evidenced: RYs decrease rapidly when GCRs increase. It appears that a GCR < 25% is required to ensure that most crop RYs stay > 80%. These results are consistent with a recent meta-analysis examining the impact of shade on crops. The use of the GCR criterion to validate AV projects is a simple and cost-effective alternative to the tricky control of crop yields in the fields.
The rise of promotional communicative functions in medical research article abstracts: a diachronic (1940–2022) perspective
Authors: Martín Pedro , León Pérez Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcademic genres are not static, but they may change according to the values and demands of the particular discourse communities that shape them. This paper explores the research article (RA) abstract, a relevant informative and promotional genre that exhibits the prevalent rhetorical practices of a specific disciplinary community. From a diachronic perspective, our purpose is to examine how these practices have evolved over time. To this end, using a genre-based approach, we have analysed the rhetorical moves and steps of 180 RA abstracts published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine, over a period of nine decades (1940–2022). The findings revealed that the abstracts have increasingly become more promotional in terms of the persuasive rhetorical strategies that the authors use to enhance the contribution of their research. This is seen in the fact that the texts of more recent decades present a growing number of promotional communicative functions, mainly the moves/steps that claim the importance of the research topic and state the implications or significance of research. This study can have pedagogical implications for English for research publication purposes (ERPP) practitioners and early career researchers who seek to publish in international medical journals.
Seasonal fluctuations in pigment content of macrophytes: implications for monitoring brownification
Authors: Rajala Salla , Estlander Satu , Nurminen Leena , Sainio Kari , Horppila Jukka 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeasonal variations of floating-leaved macrophyte Nuphar lutea chlorophyll content were studied in lakes with different water quality. The aim was to investigate whether chlorophyll content of the plants could be used as an indicator of brownification. The relationship between chlorophyll a and b (CHL a:b) of the petioles decreased with increasing water colour. The relationship between CHL a:b and turbidity was less clear. The sum concentration of chlorophyll a and b of the petioles did not respond to water colour consistently. The strong effect of water colour on petiole CHL a:b was probably due to the effect of colour on the attenuation of short-wavelength light. CHL b absorbs short-wavelength light more effectively than CHL a. To maximize the harvesting of short-wavelength light, macrophytes increase their CHL b concentration relative to CHL a. The results suggested that petiole CHL a:b of N. lutea can be used as an indicator of brownification. High phytoplankton biomass may, however, disturb the relationship between water colour and CHL a:b. Therefore, the most reliable results are obtained by sampling several times during the growing season. The floating leaves cannot be recommended as brownification indicators because the relationship between their CHL content and water colour is weak.
A New Approach to Shooting Methods for Terminal Value Problems of Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Diethelm Kai , Uhlig Frank 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor terminal value problems of fractional differential equations of order $$\alpha \in (0,1)$$

α
∈
(
0
,
1
)

that use Caputo derivatives, shooting methods are a well developed and investigated approach. Based on recently established analytic properties of such problems, we develop a new technique to select the required initial values that solves such shooting problems quickly and accurately. Numerical experiments indicate that this new proportional secting technique converges very quickly and accurately to the solution. Run time measurements indicate a speedup factor of between 4 and 10 when compared to the standard bisection method.
The Rationing of Essential Resources in Times of Crisis: Logan’s Run and the ‘Science-fictional’ Right to Life Under Article 2 of the ECHR
Authors: Diver Alice , Pulvirenti Rossella , Roberts Leigh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe argue that the right to life—for example under Article 2 of the European Convention—has become an increasingly fragile thing, prone to sharp rationing by domestic law and policy makers, almost to the extent seen in certain works of dystopian science fiction. The near-future novel ‘Logan’s Run’ (1967) depicts a brutally austere regime, that is ‘justified’ in law on the basis that finite, scarcening resources must somehow be preserved, to enable survival. Over—population means that human rights are now fictive however—there are neither family life rights nor privacy rights, and human dignity is in short supply. An all-powerful AI ‘being’ governs via algorithms to ration and curtail lifespans, so that no one is allowed to be older than 21. This rule is enforced via ‘voluntary’ submission to euthanasia, and the intervention of a murderous militia for those who do not comply. As ever, patriotic behaviour is key. Arguably, not dissimilar crisis thinking was seen during the pandemic, with various resources diverted or triaged towards the worthiest citizens—those with the best chances of survival—through the use of such things as ‘frailty algorithms.’ Recent UK case law is then analysed to gauge the extent to which dystopian reasoning might be encroaching upon the effectiveness of human rights protections, post-pandemic.
Extension of the bouncing ball model to a vibratory conveying system
Authors: Schiller Simon , Steiner Wolfgang , Schagerl Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVarious special effects occur during the operation of vibratory conveyors, e.g., multiple feeding velocities at the same excitation amplitude or so-called microthrows. In this work, a model for the simulation and prediction of the behavior of such a conveying system is presented. The simulation model is based on the bouncing ball model which is known from literature. The introduced impact law is coupled in horizontal direction by a frictional force which enables modeling a feeding process. The mentioned effect of multiple feeding velocities is studied with the developed simulation model. For the estimation of the critical excitation amplitude where a second feeding velocity appears, an analytical approach is developed. The corresponding feeding velocity can also be calculated with this approach. Moreover, the sensitivity of the initial conditions is investigated and criteria for the estimation are found. These can be applied to optimally adjust the conveyor in practice. Furthermore, the effects of microthrows are studied and analytical formulas for the estimation of characteristic values of the microthrows are derived. The dragging process following a sequence of microthrows is also investigated. All the developed formulas are validated by the simulation model.
Methodological reductionism or methodological dualism? In search of a middle ground
Authors: Overgaard Morten 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe contrasts between so-called objective and subjective measures of consciousness have been a dominating topic of discussion for decades. The debate has classically been dominated by two positions – that subjective measures may be completely or partially reduced to objective measures, and, alternatively that they must exist in parallel. I argue that many problems relate to subjective reports as they can be imprecise and vulnerable to a number of potential confounding factors. However, I also argue that despite the fact that subjective reports are fallible, all objective measures are derived from subjective measures, and, thus, will never under normal circumstances be more correct. I propose that the best and possibly only realistic way forward is a specific version of a “middle ground”: to attempt to improve subjective reports in a collaboration with objective research methods.
Chronic exposure to bisphenol A induces behavioural, neurochemical, histological, and ultrastructural alterations in the ganglia tissue of the date mussels Lithophaga lithophaga
Authors: Abd Elkader Heba-Tallah Abd Elrahim , Al-Shami Ahmed S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA), a common plastic additive, has been demonstrated mechanistically to be a potential endocrine disruptor and to affect a variety of body functions in organisms. Although previous research has shown that BPA is toxic to aquatic organisms, the mechanism of neurotoxic effects in marine bivalves remains unknown. The current study aimed to elucidate the neurotoxic effects of BPA when administered at different concentrations (0.25, 1, 2, and 5 µg/L) for twenty-eight days in the ganglia of a bivalve model, the Mediterranean mussel (Lithophaga lithophaga), which is an ecologically and economically important human food source of bivalve species in the Mediterranean Sea. Our findings revealed an increase in behavioural disturbances and malondialdehyde levels in treated mussel ganglia compared to the control group. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase activity increased in the ganglia of L. lithophaga treated with 0.25 and 2 µg/L. However, at BPA concentrations of 1 and 5 µg/L, SOD activity was significantly reduced, as was total glutathione concentration. BPA causes neurotoxicity, as evidenced by concentration-dependent inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, dopamine, and serotonin. After chronic exposure to BPA, neurons showed distortion of the neuronal cell body and varying degrees of pyknosis. The ultrastructure changes in BPA-treated groups revealed the lightening of the nucleoplasm and a shrunken nuclear envelope. Overall, our findings suggest that BPA exposure altered antioxidation, neurochemical biomarkers, histopathological, and ultrastructural properties, resulting in behavioural changes. As a result, our findings provide a basis for further study into the toxicity of BPA in marine bivalves.
Strong and Broadband Visible Absorption Based on Titanium Patterned Resonator
Authors: Sayed Shimaa I. , Mahmoud K. R. , Mubarak Roaa I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe visible band is characterized by a high concentration of solar energy, making it highly desirable to achieve perfect absorption within this spectral range. This paper presents a novel design of a broadband metamaterial absorber (BMA) based on titanium (Ti), which exhibits a superior level of high absorption in the visible regime. The absorber is composed of three layers arranged from top to bottom: a newly shaped Ti top layer resonator, a SiO2 dielectric spacer, and a Ti bottom reflector. With a thickness of 195 nm, the BMA structure demonstrates an average absorption of 98.11% across the wavelength range of 400–800 nm, ensuring absorption levels greater than 90% through the entire visible band. The influence of different geometrical parameters and structures on absorption was studied, and the physical mechanism behind the high absorption was explored. Additionally, the proposed structure offers the benefit of maintaining 90% absorption stability for large incident angles up to 60° for TE and up to 70° for TM mode oblique incidence. Therefore, our proposed absorber emerges as an optimal candidate for a variety of solar energy harvesting applications.