bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembled Process for the Preparation of Ultra-thin Zeolite Films
Authors: Cho Gyoujin , Moon IL-Shik , Shul Yong-Gun , Jung Kyung-Taek , Lee Jae-Suk , Fung Bing M 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
A simple and effective process of preparing ultra-thin zeolite films on a silicon substrate is described. The starting material was a stable colloidal dispersion of TS-1 zeolite particles with a size of 50 - 100 nm. The silicon wafer is placed in a 20 mM solution of hexanoic acid in water at pH=3. When the colloidal dispersion is added, the adsorption of the hexanoic acid molecules onto the zeolite particles causes them to deposit on the silicon wafer to form a thin layer with a thickness of about 103 nm.
Energy Transfer in a Rotaxane with a Naphthalene-modified α-Cyclodextrin Threaded by Dansyl-terminal Poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Tamura Makio , Ueno Akihiko 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
A rotaxane with a naphthalene-modified α-cyclodextrin penetrated by a dansyl-terminal poly(ethylene glycol) was prepared. In the rotaxane, singlet energy transfer occurs from the naphthalene moiety to the terminal dansyl units.
Selective Colorimetry of Sodium Ion in Anionic Micellar Solution Containing Dibenzo-16-crown-5 Chromoionophore
Authors: Kuboyama Toshiharu , Nakamura Shigeo , Takagi Makoto , Lee Jong Chan , Hayashita Takashi 
Published: September 2003

Abstract
Colorimetric response of a lipophilic dibenzo-16-crown-5 chromoionophore 1 in aqueous micellar solution has been examined. A selective color change was obtained for Na+ ion in the anionic micellar solution of 1.
Geophysical prospection at Floridablanca archaeological site, San Julian Bay, Argentina
Authors: Lascano Eugenia , Osella Ana , De La Vega Matías , Buscaglia Silvana , Senatore Ximena , Lanata José Luis 
Published: September 2003

AbstractWe present the application of three geophysical methods—ground‐penetrating radar, resistivity and electromagnetic induction—to the Floridablanca archaeological site at San Julián Bay, Argentina. The objective of the prospection was to detect buried archaeological structures—mostly adobe walls—to delimit these structures, to find their characteristics and to study the presence of tiles attributable to roof collapse within the zone of interest. Profiles were carried out in this zone and outside it to compare results. A periodic distribution of low‐contrast shallow anomalies was found that indicated the presence of different types of buried walls within the zone. Also the absence of tile accumulations could be determined. These results provided the archaeologists with useful information to design a more efficient excavation plan. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In search of the Royal Ptolemaic Cemetery in central Alexandria, Egypt—the first contact
Authors: Papamarinopoulos St. P. , Liosis A. , Polymenakos L. , Stephanopoulos P. , Limnaeou‐Papakosta K. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractAt Chatby in central Alexandria, Egypt, a team from the University of Patras conducted a detailed geophysical study as part of an investigation for locating the Royal Ptolemaic Cemetery. The exploration site is located in the Latin and Greek cemeteries in the southeast corner of the modern cemeteries of Alexandria. An area of 10 000 m2 was investigated down to a depth of 10 m. Gravity, electromagnetic prospecting, electrical, ground‐penetrating radar and seismic methods were applied. The use of various methods allowed as much information from the subsurface as possible to be obtained and comparison of the data in order to enhance interpretation. Despite the increased geophysical noise present in such a highly urbanized environment, intelligent selection of field parameters, use of advanced processing techniques and specialized software made it possible to reveal important information from the subsurface data. Interpreted geophysical features may be related to buried archaeological structures at some locations of the area explored. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N‐substituted N′‐[6‐methyl‐2‐oxido‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphinino(5,4‐b)pyridine‐2‐yl]ureas
Authors: Reddy P. Vasu Govardhana , Reddy C. Suresh , Venugopal M. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractN‐Substituted N′‐[6‐methyl‐2‐oxido‐1,3,2‐dioxaphosphinino(5,4,‐b)pyridine‐2‐yl]ureas have been accomplished by condensation of equimolar quantities of chlorides of various carbamidophosphoric acids (3) with 3‐hydroxyl‐6‐methyl‐2‐pyridinemethanol (lutidine diol) (4) in the presence of triethylamine in dry toluene–tetrahydrofuran (1:1) mixture at 45–50°C. Their structures were established by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 31P NMR spectral data. Their antifungal and antibacterial activity is also evaluated. Most of these compounds exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity in the assays. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:509–512, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10181
Optically active telluronium imides: Optical resolution, absolute configuration, and mechanism of racemization
Authors: Shimizu Toshio , Machida Yoshito , Kamigata Nobumasa 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThermodynamically and kinetically stabilized asymmetric diaryltelluronium imides were synthesized and optically resolved into their enantiomers on an optically active column using medium‐pressure column chromatography. The relationship between the absolute configuration and the optical properties of the chiral telluronium imides was clarified. The mechanism of the racemization, which involves the formation of telluroxides by the hydrolysis of the telluronium imides, was proposed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:523–529, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10185
Synthesis of chiral phosphorus reagents and their catalytic activity in asymmetric borane reduction of N‐phenyl imine of acetophenone
Authors: Kangying Li , Zhenghong Zhou , Guofeng Zhao , Chuchi Tang 
Published: September 2003

AbstractEleven chiral trivalent or quatrivalent phosphorus reagents were synthesized starting from L‐proline, D‐camphor, (+)‐ or (−)‐1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2,2′‐diol, (−)‐α‐phenylethylamine, etc. and their application as catalysts in asymmetric borane reduction of N‐phenyl imine of acetophenone was preliminarily investigated. N‐Phenyl α‐phenylethylamine was obtained in good yield with low to moderate enantioselectivity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:546–550, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10190
Conversion of 2(3H)‐furanones into 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles
Authors: Elgazwy Abdel‐Sattar S. Hamad , Zaki Mayssoune Y. , Eid Nahed N. , Hashem Ahmed I. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA series of 2‐phenyl‐5‐alkenyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles were synthesized in high yields from the corresponding dicarbonylhydrazides through cyclodehydration. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 14:570–574, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.10197
Pathways to work for low‐income workers: The effect of work in the temporary help industry
Authors: Lane Julia , Mikelson Kelly S. , Sharkey Pat , Wissoker Doug 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThis paper provides new evidence to inform the policy debate about the effect of a newly important industry—the temporary help industry—on
the labor market outcomes of low‐income workers and those workers who are at risk of being on public assistance. The core issue of whether
temporary help work harms the long‐term prospects of disadvantaged individuals depends critically on the alternatives available to the worker.
Temporary employment results in labor market outcomes that are better than not working at all. For example, while nonemployed public assistance
recipients have only a 35 percent chance of being employed a year later, those who were in temporary employment have almost twice the likelihood of being
employed in the same period. These findings, if correct, would support the use of temporary agencies by welfare programs. © 2003 by the Association
for Public Policy Analysis and Management
Proximity to service providers and service utilization among welfare recipients: The interaction of place and race
Authors: Allard Scott W. , Tolman Richard M. , Rosen Daniel 
Published: September 2003

AbstractCurrently, welfare programs coordinate a range of services to support work among welfare recipients and help them overcome barriers to
employment. This paper considers the relationship between spatial proximity to and utilization of support services among welfare recipients.
Accessibility of mental health and substance abuse service providers among welfare recipients is examined in the three‐county Detroit
metropolitan area and the relationship between mental health service accessibility and mental health service utilization among welfare recipients
considered. Not only does access to service providers vary significantly across the metropolitan area by race and place, but these analyses reveal
that greater spatial proximity to service providers increases the probability that welfare recipients will receive services. When controlling for
access to providers and individual‐level characteristics, we also find that African American welfare recipients are about half as likely to
use mental health services as white recipients. © 2003 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Pollution control innovations and the Clean Air Act of 1990
Authors: Popp David 
Published: September 2003

AbstractOne advantage often cited for market‐based environmental policies is that they are more likely to promote technological innovation than are
command and control regulations. This paper uses patent data to study innovation in flue gas desulfurization units (“scrubbers”)
across these policy regimes. Plant level data indicate that the effect of these patents on pollution control changed after passage of the 1990 Clean
Air Act, which instituted a market for sulfur dioxide (SO2) permits. Previous regulations requiring plants constructed before
1990 to install scrubbers created incentives for innovation that lowered the costs of operating scrubbers, but did little to improve the environmental
effectiveness of the technology. In comparison, innovations occurring since 1990 do serve to improve the removal efficiency of scrubbers. © 2003
by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Two‐dimensional chromatography of complex polymers. IV. Analysis of the grafting reaction of methyl methacrylate onto polybutadiene
Authors: Siewing A. , Lahn B. , Braun D. , Pasch H. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe grafting reaction of methyl methacrylate onto polybutadiene (PB) was investigated with different chromatographic techniques, including high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and online coupled two‐dimensional liquid chromatography. As a result of the grafting reaction, a complex mixture of nongrafted PB, the graft copolymer PB‐g‐PMMA [where PMMA is poly(methyl methacrylate)], and the PMMA homopolymer was formed. The complete separation of all the products of the grafting reaction was achieved with gradient HPLC. By the combination of gradient HPLC and size exclusion chromatography in a fully automated two‐dimensional chromatography setup, the complex distributions of the chemical composition and molar mass were fingerprinted simultaneously. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3143–3148, 2003
Substituent effect on azobenzene‐based liquid‐crystalline organophosphorus polymers
Authors: Kumaresan S. , Kannan P. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractAn Erratum has been published for this article in Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry (2003) 41(23) 3862A new series of combined‐type, azobenzene‐based organophosphorus liquid‐crystalline polymers were synthesized, and their photoisomerization properties were studied. The prepared polymers contained azobenzene units as both the main‐chain and side‐chain mesogens. Various groups were substituted in the terminal of the side‐chain azobenzene mesogen, and the effects of the substituents were investigated. All the polymers were prepared at the ambient temperature by solution polycondensation with various 4‐substituted phenylazo‐4′‐phenyloxyhexylphosphorodichloridates and 4,4′‐bis(6‐hydroxyhexyloxy) azobenzene. The polymers were characterized with gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, and 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that all the polymers had high char yields. The liquid‐crystalline behavior of the polymers was examined with hot‐stage optical polarizing microscopy, and all the polymers showed liquid‐crystalline properties. The formation of a mesophase was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC data suggested that mesophase stability was better for electron‐withdrawing substituents than for halogens and unsubstituted ones. Ultraviolet irradiation studies indicated that the time taken for the completion of photoisomerization depended on the dipolar moment, size, and donor–acceptor characteristics of the terminal substituents. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3188–3196, 2003
Identification of proteins highly expressed in the hyphae of Candida albicans by two‐dimensional electrophoresis
Authors: Choi Wonyoung , Yoo Yung Joon , Kim Minkyoung , Shin Duckhyang , Jeon Hong Bae , Choi Wonja 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe increase in Candida albicans infections is caused by the increase in therapies resulting in immunocompromised patients. One factor required for C. albicans pathogenicity is the morphological transition from yeast to hypha. The protein profiles of whole extracts from yeasts and hyphae were examined using two‐dimensional electrophoresis to identify the proteins related to the morphological transition. Over 900 protein spots were visualized by silver staining and 11 spots were increased more than three‐fold reproducibly during hyphal differentiation. Six of the 11 spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprints, of which three represented PRA1, two PHR1 and the last TSA1. Vertical streak patterns of Pra1p and Phr1p indicated that post‐translational modifications seem to be caused by variable glycosylation. Comparative proteome analysis between the wild‐type and the deletion mutants, CAMB43 (Δpra1) and CAS10 (Δphr1), further confirmed the identity of PRA1 and PHR1. Interestingly, Pra1p was downregulated in phr1‐deleted mutants. Only PHR1 transcription was increased, indicating that PRA1 and TSA1 are controlled at the post‐translational level. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pubertal timing, sexual behaviour and self‐reported depression in middle adolescence
Authors: Kaltiala‐Heino Riittakerttu , Kosunen Elise , Rimpelä Matti 
Published: September 2003

AbstractThe associations between pubertal timing, sexual activity and self‐reported depression were analysed in a population sample of 17,082 girls and 15,922 boys aged 14–16 as a par of a classroom survey. Pubertal timing was assessed by age at onset of menstruation (menarche) or ejaculations (oigarche). Sexual experiences elicited included kissing, light petting, heavy petting and intercourse. Self‐reported depression was measured by the 13‐item Beck Depression Inventory. Among girls, self‐reported depression was associated with early puberty and intimate sexual relationship. Among boys depression was associated with very early and late puberty and experience of intercourse. Early puberty is a risk factor for self‐reported depression. Intimate sexual relationships in middle adolescent are likely to indicate problems in adolescent development rather than successful adolescent passage.
An in vitro study of the sub‐cellular distribution of nicotinic receptors
Authors: Devillers‐Thiéry A. , Bourgeois J.P. , Pons S. , Le Sourd A. , Pucci B. , Changeux J.P. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractNicotinic and serotoninergic 5HT3 receptors share important sequence identities except for their cytoplasmic loop. Both ends of this loop display conserved 3D helical structures with distinct primary sequences. We decided to check whether these two helices named F and G play a role in the sub‐cellular distribution of different nicotinic receptors. We systematically exchanged each helix with the equivalent sequence of neuronal nicotinic and α4, β2 and α7 subunits in the functional chimeric α7–5HT3 receptor used as a model system. The new chimeras were expressed in vitro in polarized epithelial cells from pig kidney. We quantified synthesis and export of the receptors to the cell surface by measuring α–bungarotoxin binding sites. Immunogold labelling was used, at the electron microscope level, to determine the amount of each chimera present at either domain, apical and/or basolateral, of these cells. We noticed that in epithelial cells the majority of α–bungarotoxin binding sites remained sequestered in the cytoplasm as already observed in neurons in vivo. The majority of the pentamers present at the cell surface were located at the apical domain. Our results suggest that helix F and G differently regulate assembly and export to the cell surface of α–bungarotoxin binding receptors.
Use of cryo‐negative staining in tomographic reconstruction of biological objects: application to T4 bacteriophage
Authors: Messaoudi Cedric , Boudier Thomas , Lechaire Jean‐Pierre , Rigaud Jean‐Louis , Delacroix Hervé , Gaill Françoise , Marco Sergio 
Published: September 2003

AbstractRecent advances in electron microscopy and image analysis techniques have resulted in the development of tomography, which makes possible the study of structures neither accessible to X—ray crystallography nor nuclear magnetic resonance. However, the use of tomography to study biological structures, ranging from 100 to 500 nm, requires developments in sample preparation and image analysis. Indeed, cryo‐electron tomography present two major drawbacks: the low contrast of recorded images and the sample radiation damage. In the present work we have tested, on T4 bacteriophage samples, the use of a new preparation technique, cryo‐negative staining (Adrian et al., 1998), which reduces the radiation damage while preserving a high signal‐to‐noise ratio (De Carlo et al., 2002). Our results demonstrate that the combination of cryo‐negative staining in tomography with standard cryo‐microscopy and single particle analysis results in a methodological approach that could be useful in the study of biological structures ranging in the T4 bacteriophage size.
Effect of taxol and okadaic acid on microtubule dynamics in thimerosal‐arrested primary mouse oocytes: a confocal study
Authors: Alexandre H. , Delsinne V. , Goval J.‐J. , Van Cauwenberge A. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractA pulse of thimerosal (TMS), a sulfhydryl reagent, induces an instantaneous, complete and long‐lasting microtubule interphasic network disassembly in mouse primary oocytes, correlated with the irreversible inhibition of meiosis reinitiation This inhibition is bypassed by dithiothreitol (DTT) while thiosalicylic acid, an analog of TMS, does induce neither microtubules depolymerisation nor inhibition of reinitiation and resumption of meiosis. This strongly suggests that the dramatic and pleiotropic inhibitory effect of TMS is specifically related to its sulfhydryl group oxidising activity of critical molecules among which tubulin. In contrast to DTT, okadaic acid (OA), known to bypass the inhibitory effect of drugs interfering with protein kinase activities, induces a late chromatin condensation and GVBD in TMS‐pulsed oocytes as compared to the control situation, with no significant concomitant microtubule assembly. These cytological features are suggested to be indirectly induced by a late MAPK activation and confirm that a very early thiol oxidation induced by TMS exerts a much more dramatic effect on resumption of meiosis than any pharmacological manipulation of protein kinase activities leading to activation of MPF. Finally, taxol was shown to promote tubulin polymerisation even when microtubules were irreversibly disassembled by thiol oxidation but fails to restore the ability to undergo maturation.
Induced membranes secrete growth factors including vascular and osteoinductive factors and could stimulate bone regeneration
Authors: Pelissier P. H. , Masquelet A. C. , Bareille R. , Pelissier S. Mathoulin , Amedee J. 
Published: September 2003

AbstractBased on a new concept, a procedure combining induced membranes and cancellous autografts allows the reconstruction of wide diaphyseal defects. In the first stage of this procedure, a cement spacer is inserted into the defect; the spacer is responsible for the formation of a pseudo‐synovial membrane. In the second stage, the defect is reconstructed two months later by an autologous cancellous bone graft. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological and biochemical characteristics of these membranes induced in rabbits. Histological studies carried out two, four, six, and eight weeks following implantation revealed a rich vascularization. Qualitative and quantitative immunochemistry showed production of growth factors (VEGF, TGFβ1) and osteoinductive factors (BMP‐2). Maximum BMP‐2 production was obtained four weeks after the implantation, and, at this time, induced membranes favored human bone marrow stromal cell differentiation to the osteoblastic lineage. Should these results be confirmed in humans, bone reconstruction could be carried out earlier than previously thought and in better conditions than expected, the membrane playing the role of an in situ delivery system for growth and osteoinductive factors. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ex vivo static tensile loading inhibits MMP‐1 expression in rat tail tendon cells through a cytoskeletally based mechanotransduction mechanism
Authors: Arnoczky Steven P. , Tian Tao , Lavagnino Michael , Gardner Keri 
Published: September 2003

AbstractTo determine the effect of various degrees of ex vivo static tensile loading on the expression of collagenase (MMP‐1) in tendon cells, rat tail tendons were statically loaded in tension at 0.16, 0.77, 1.38 or 2.6 MPa for 24 h. Northern blot analysis was used to assay for mRNA expression of MMP‐1 in freshly harvested, 24 h load deprived, and 24 h statically loaded tendons. Western blot analysis was used to assay for pro‐MMP‐1 and MMP‐1 protein expression in fresh and 24 h load deprived tendons. Freshly harvested rat tail tendons demonstrated no evidence of MMP‐1 mRNA expression and no evidence of the pro‐MMP‐1 or MMP‐1 protein. Ex vivo load deprivation for 24 h resulted in a marked increase in the mRNA expression of MMP‐1 which coincided with a marked increase of both pro‐MMP‐1 and MMP‐1 protein expression. When tendons were subjected to ex vivo static tensile loading during the 24 h culture period, a significant inhibition of this upregulation of MMP‐1 mRNA expression was found with increasing ioad (p < 0.05). A strong (r2 = 0.78) and significant (p < 0.001) inverse correlation existed between the level of static tensile load and the expression of MMP‐1. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D abolished the inhibitory effect of ex vivo static tensile loading on MMP‐1 expression. The results of this study suggest that up‐regulation of MMP‐1 expression in tendon cells ex vivo can be inhibited by static tensile loading, presumably through a cytoskeletally based mechanotransduction pathway. © 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.