bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic co-development and testing of a digital behaviour change intervention for osteoarthritis and physical activity: Theoretical mapping and acceptability study
Authors: Berry Alice , McCabe Candy S , Muir Sarah , Walsh Nicola 
Published: October 2023

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) affects 8.75 million people in the UK. Physical activity (PA) is recommended as a core treatment, yet nearly half of people with OA are inactive. Accessible and user-friendly interventions are needed to motivate people with OA to be active. Digital behaviour change interventions (DBCIs) might help to support people with OA to self-manage their own levels of PA. The aim of this project was to co-develop and test a DBCI to motivate people with OA to be active. Methods A mixed methods design was adopted to build the theoretical foundations, develop, and test a complex DBCI. Two patient research partners with lived experience of OA were recruited onto the project team to assist with intervention development, which was guided by the intervention mapping (IM) approach. Interviews and think-aloud sessions were then used to explore attitudes, values, and perceived effectiveness of the website. Results The IM approach enabled the development of a prototype website to be illustrated in a clear and transparent way, showing a link between the practical materials adopted within the website and the theoretical constructs they were attempting to change. Potential users highlighted the importance of clear, easy-to-understand information, focusing on enjoyment and social connectedness. Conclusions DBCI development should be based on theory, adequately described, and thoroughly tested with potential users to understand how they might choose to integrate digital interventions into everyday life.
Characterization of color variation in bamboo sheath of Chimonobambusa hejiangensis by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and RNA sequencing
Authors: Yu Lei , Yue Jinjun , Dai Yaxing , Zhang Ling , Wang Qiu , Yuan Jinling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Chimonobambusa hejiangensis (C.hejiangensis) is a high-quality bamboo species native to China, known for its shoots that are a popular nutritional food. Three C.hejiangensis cultivars exhibit unique color variation in their shoot sheaths, however, the molecular mechanism behind this color change remains unclear.

Methods
We investigated flavonoid accumulation in the three bamboo cultivar sheaths using metabolomics and transcriptomics.

Results
UPLC-MS/MS identified 969 metabolites, with 187, 103, and 132 having differential accumulation in the yellow-sheath (YShe) vs. spot-sheath (SShe)/black-sheath (BShe) and SShe vs. BShe comparison groups. Flavonoids were the major metabolites that determined bamboo sheath color through differential accumulation of metabolites (DAMs) analysis. Additionally, there were 33 significantly differentially expressed flavonoid structural genes involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway based on transcriptome data. We conducted a KEGG analysis on DEGs and DAMs, revealing significant enrichment of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. Using gene co-expression network analysis, we identified nine structural genes and 29 transcription factors strongly linked to anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Conclusion
We identified a comprehensive regulatory network for flavonoid biosynthesis which should improve our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms responsible for color variation and flavonoid biosynthesis in bamboo sheaths.
The effectiveness of walking exercise on the bowel preparation before colonoscopy: a single blind randomized clinical trial study
Authors: Rezamand Gholamreza , Joukar Farahnaz , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Delam Hamed , Zare Reza , Samadi Alireza , Mavadati Sara , Hassanipour Soheil , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background and Aim
Bowel preparation is a crucial factor affecting the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy, and few randomized control trials evaluated enhancement in bowel preparation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of walking exercises on bowel preparation before a colonoscopy procedure.

Methods
The present study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial involving 262 patients scheduled for colonoscopy procedures. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups: an intervention group (n = 131) and a control group (n = 131). In the intervention group, participants followed a predetermined plan that included the consumption of specific liquids and foods, bisacodyl pills, polyethylene glycol powder, and a regimen of walking exercises in preparation for their colonoscopy. Conversely, individuals in the control group followed the same regimen but were not instructed to engage in walking exercises. On the day of the colonoscopy, both groups were assessed for their level of physical activity using a foot counter. Additionally, an experienced gastroenterologist evaluated and compared the bowel preparation between the two groups using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS).

Results
The number of footsteps recorded in the two groups exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.001). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of mean BBPS scores (6.26 ± 1.9 vs. 6.29 ± 1.9, P = 0.416), individuals who took more than 6900 steps had significantly higher BBPS scores compared to those with fewer than 6900 footsteps (6.62 ± 1.8 vs. 5.92 ± 1.9, P = 0.003).In the univariate analysis, BBPS was found to be significantly associated with individuals under the age of 50 (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.30–4.61, P = 0.006) and smoking status (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17–0.94, P = 0.043). In the multivariate analysis, the relationship between BBPS and age below 50 and smoking remained significant (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.30–4.70, P = 0.005, and OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.93, P = 0.034, respectively).

Conclusion
A higher number of footsteps taken especially more than 6900 can significantly enhance bowel preparation; however, walking exercise as an intervention before colonoscopy is not significantly associated with BBPS. Also, older people and smokers seem to have fewer benefits from walking exercises for bowel preparation.

Trial registration
ISRCTN32724024 (Registration date:22/08/2018).
Peer support meeting of people with dementia: a qualitative descriptive analysis of the discussions
Authors: Miyamae Fumiko , Sugiyama Mika , Taga Tsutomu , Okamura Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Dementia cafés for people with dementia and their caregivers are promoted in national dementia policies. The effect of dementia cafés on people with dementia has been reported through narratives of caregivers who participated the dementia cafés. However, evidence derived from the data, which included only people with dementia, is sparse. The aim of this study is to analyze the narratives of people with dementia in peer support meetings in Tokyo where only people with dementia participate, i.e., caregivers were not present.

Methods
People with dementia and older people with subjective cognitive impairment were recruited in our community-based participatory research centre. Based on the qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted a thematic analysis of the field notes, which was made through ethnographical observation of the meetings.

Results
Twenty-five meetings were held from November 2018 to March 2020. The cumulative total number of participants was 196. First, the symptomatic problems related to living with dementia were mentioned, which were collectively named under the overarching category of ‘Experience of living with dementia.’ Second, questions and solutions to the various symptoms were discussed, which were named the ‘Quest of Symptoms.’ Third, we noted the narrative that reflected on daily life, feelings, and the life that one has led, which were named ‘Life story.’ Fourth, we noted narratives of how symptoms have improved and their world has expanded, which were named ‘Hope.’ Fifth and most importantly, narratives about compassion for people with dementia in the past and future, as well as for people of the same generation, were discussed, which were named ‘Compassion.’

Conclusions
The lived experiences of people with dementia were revealed. Participants noted they were not just being cared for but exchanging information and exploring the symptoms; in other words, they were resilient. Furthermore, more positive aspects concerning living with dementia were discussed, such as ‘Hope’ and ‘Compassion.’ Further research concerning the discourse of people around the participants is necessary to evaluate the situation from multiple perspectives.
Epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal analysis of brucellosis in Shandong province, 2015–2021
Authors: Yu Xiaolin , Fang Ming , Li Yan , Yu Jianmei , Cheng Lixiao , Ding Shujun , Kou Zengqiang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Brucellosis is one of the major public health problems in China, it not only causes huge economic losses to the society, but also threatens the human’s physical and mental health. The reported cases of brucellosis in Shandong province were at a high level, therefore, it is necessary for us to understand the epidemic characteristics and distribution trend of Brucellosis in Shandong province. This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering characteristics of brucellosis in Shandong Province, provide a reference for the scientific prevention and control.

Methods
Human brucellosis data in Shandong province from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, the data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial-temporal cluster analysis methods use ArcGIS and SaTScan software, the results were presented in ArcMap.

Results
A total of 22,251 human cases of brucellosis were reported, the annual incidence ranged between 2.41/100,000 and 4.07/100,000 from 2015 to 2021 in Shandong province, incidence has been decreasing year by year, while there was a significant increase in 2021. The distribution of brucellosis was of a seasonal trend, mainly concentrating during March to August. The age of the cases was mainly concentrated in the 30–74 age ranges, the average annual incidence rate was significantly higher in males than in females. The spatial analysis showed that the epidemics were mainly concentrated in the north and southwest. For the spatial autocorrelation analysis, a high global autocorrelation was observed at the county level, and the high–high clusters mainly distributed in the north and southwest region. For the spatio-temporal scanning, the most likely cluster areas mainly distributed in the north area, and then gradually moved southward, and the radius of clustered narrowed.

Conclusions
Human brucellosis remains a common challenge, particularly in northern region in spring and summer. More disease prevention and control measures should be taken in high-risk populations, and such higher-risk susceptible areas to reduce the incidence of brucellosis and ensure the health of the people.
Effects of posterior staphyloma on choroidal structure in myopic adults: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Zhuo-hua , Xiong Pian-pian , Sun Jiao , Wang Yan-ling , Wang Jia-lin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies on the choroid of myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma have shown that choroidal thickness decreased. This retrospective study further analysed the effects of posterior scleral staphyloma on choroidal blood vessels and matrix components compared to non-pathological myopia.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, ninety-one eyes were divided into pathological (posterior staphyloma) and non-pathological myopia. The latter was further divided into three groups (Group 1: 26 mm ≤ axial length; Group 2: 24 mm ≤ axial length < 26 mm; Group 3: 22 mm ≤ axial length < 24 mm). Choroidal thickness, total choroidal area, luminal area, stromal area, and choroidal vascularity index were calculated.

Results
The CVI in N1, N2, I1, S2 of the posterior staphyloma group were lower than those of group 1 (both P < 0.05). The mean height of posterior staphyloma was associated with mean CT (Pearson correlation: r = -0.578, P = 0.039) but not with the mean CVI in posterior staphyloma group. In all groups, the mean choroidal thickness, total choroidal area, luminal area, and stromal area were significantly associated with axial length (P < 0.001), and the mean choroidal vascularity index was significantly associated with the mean choroidal thickness (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The choroidal structure of pathological myopia with posterior staphyloma and non-pathological myopia with longer axial length demonstrates alterations in which choroidal vessels are more impaired than the stroma. A lower choroidal vascularity index should be alert to pathological changes for myopia with axial length > 26 mm.
Validation of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in a Moroccan sample with substance use disorder
Authors: El-Ammari Abdelfettah , El Malki Hicham , Moutawakkil Salma Ghofrane , El Hilaly Jaouad , El Houari Fatima , El Gnaoui Samir , Ragala Mohammed El Amine , El Rhazi Karima , Zarrouq Btissame 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Transcultural validation studies of depression scales are rare in Morocco. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is commonly one of the most common and frequently used screening instruments for depressive symptoms, but the scale has not, up to date, been validated in dialect of Arabic in Moroccan contexts. Given the importance of assessing and preventing depressive symptoms in our Moroccan context, this study aims to validate the CES-D, translated, and adapted to the dialect of Arabic and Moroccan culture, in a sample with substance use disorder.

Methods
The data were analyzed in two successive phases. First, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess the factor structure in the pilot sample (N = 140). Then, this structure was confirmed in the validation sample (N = 205) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
Exploratory factor analysis extracted three factors different from the four factors in the original version. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the structure of three factors. The fit indices level showed acceptable to good performance of the measurement model. The instrument showed sufficient reliability and convergent validity, as demonstrated by acceptable values of composite reliability (CR = 0.89–0.93) and average variance extracted (AVE = 0.64–0.66), respectively. The square roots of AVE were higher than factor-factor pairs correlations, and the Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT) of correlations values was less than 0.85, indicating acceptable discriminant validity.

Conclusions
Overall reliability and both convergent and discriminant validity tests indicated that the Moroccan dialectal Arabic version of the CES-D had a good performance and may serve as a valid tool for measuring the severity of depression in people with substance use disorder.
The association between polluted fuel use and self-reported insomnia symptoms among middle-aged and elderly Indian adults: a cross-sectional study based on LASI, wave 1
Authors: Leng Siqi , Jin Yuming , Vitiello Michael V. , Zhang Ye , Ren Rong , Lu Lin , Shi Jie , Tang Xiangdong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Insomnia predisposes the aging population to reduced quality of life and poor mental and physical health. Evidence of the association between polluted fuel use and insomnia symptoms is limited and is non-existent for the Indian population. Our study aimed to explore the link between polluted fuel use and insomnia symptoms in middle-aged and older (≥ 45 years) Indian populations.

Methods
We utilized data from nationally representative Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1. Participants with complete information on fuel use, insomnia symptoms, and covariates were included. Insomnia symptoms were indicated by the presence of at least one of three symptoms: difficulty in initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty in maintaining sleep (DMS), or early morning awakening (EMA), ≥ 5 times/week. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between polluted fuel use and insomnia symptoms. We also assessed the interaction of association in subgroups of age, gender, BMI, drinking, and smoking status.

Results
Sixty thousand five hundred fifteen participants met the eligibility criteria. Twenty-eight thousand two hundred thirty-six (weighted percentage 48.04%) used polluted fuel and 5461 (weighted percentage 9.90%) reported insomnia symptoms. After full adjustment, polluted fuel use was associated with insomnia symptoms (OR 1.16; 95%CI 1.08–1.24) and was linked with DIS, DMS, and EMA (OR 1.14; 95%CI 1.05–1.24, OR 1.12; 95%CI 1.03–1.22, and OR 1.15; 95%CI 1.06–1.25, respectively). No significant interactions for polluted fuel use and insomnia symptoms were observed for analyses stratified by age, sex, BMI, drinking, or smoking.

Conclusions
Polluted fuel use was positively related to insomnia symptoms among middle-aged and older Indians. Suggestions are offered within this article for further studies to confirm our results, to explore underlying mechanisms, and to inform intervention strategies.
Distribution and influencing factors on residual pockets of the teeth in patients with periodontitis following non-surgical periodontal treatment: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Yang Xue , Liu Peicheng , Fan Xiaomiao , Yu Shiwen , Chen Chen , Pan Yaping , Lin Li , Tang Xiaolin , Li Chen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is a chronic and multi-factorial infectious disease. A notable difference exists in the prognosis of patients with severe periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Thus, a retrospective study was conducted to identify common and specific factors that impact the prognosis of patients with periodontitis stage III-IV following non-surgical periodontal treatment at different tooth sites.

Methods
A total of 977 teeth were included in the study, comprising 266 patients diagnosed with periodontitis stage III-IV. This sample included 330 anterior teeth, 362 maxillary posterior teeth, and 285 mandibular posterior teeth. Following treatment, the teeth were categorized into two groups based on residual pocket depth [probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm] at 3 months post-treatment. The prognosis of periodontitis stage III-IV was assessed through multivariate analysis employing logistic regression to determine the association of various risk factors.

Results
The PD values of each site and the deepest PD values of each tooth significantly decreased at 3 months post-treatment. Residual pockets were predominantly found in the mesio/disto-buccal and mesio/disto-lingual regions. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender, PD, sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and plaque index (PLI) at baseline, and crown-root ratio in anterior teeth had a significant influence on periodontitis stage III-IV (P < 0.05). Smoking, PD, PLI and furcation involvement (FI) at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, grades of periodontitis, and crown-root ratio were prediction factors for maxillary posterior teeth. Factors such as PD, PLI and FI at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, and crown-root were significant in mandibular posterior teeth.

Conclusions
The outcome of non-surgical treatment varies depending on the tooth positions for patients with periodontitis stage III-IV. Dentists must accurately identify the affected teeth that have periodontal pockets of more than 5 mm, taking into consideration the positions of the affected teeth, as well as various local and systemic factors. This comprehensive assessment will enable dentists to develop a customized and effective treatment plan.
On Scene Injury Severity Prediction (OSISP) model for trauma developed using the Swedish Trauma Registry
Authors: Bakidou Anna , Caragounis Eva-Corina , Andersson Hagiwara Magnus , Jonsson Anders , Sjöqvist Bengt Arne , Candefjord Stefan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Providing optimal care for trauma, the leading cause of death for young adults, remains a challenge e.g., due to field triage limitations in assessing a patient’s condition and deciding on transport destination. Data-driven On Scene Injury Severity Prediction (OSISP) models for motor vehicle crashes have shown potential for providing real-time decision support. The objective of this study is therefore to evaluate if an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based clinical decision support system can identify severely injured trauma patients in the prehospital setting.

Methods
The Swedish Trauma Registry was used to train and validate five models – Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network – in a stratified 10-fold cross validation setting and hold-out analysis. The models performed binary classification of the New Injury Severity Score and were evaluated using accuracy metrics, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Precision-Recall curve (AUCPR), and under- and overtriage rates.

Results
There were 75,602 registrations between 2013–2020 and 47,357 (62.6%) remained after eligibility criteria were applied. Models were based on 21 predictors, including injury location. From the clinical outcome, about 40% of patients were undertriaged and 46% were overtriaged. Models demonstrated potential for improved triaging and yielded AUC between 0.80–0.89 and AUCPR between 0.43–0.62.

Conclusions
AI based OSISP models have potential to provide support during assessment of injury severity. The findings may be used for developing tools to complement field triage protocols, with potential to improve prehospital trauma care and thereby reduce morbidity and mortality for a large patient population.
Application of machine learning and its effects on the development of a nursing guidance mobile app for sarcopenia
Authors: Liao Pei-Hung , Huang Yu-Jie , Ho Chen-Shie , Chu William 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Aging leads to changes in the body system, such as sarcopenia. This can result in several health issues, particularly physical and mobility dysfunction. Asian people typically have little awareness of sarcopenia. Thus, this study incorporated nursing instruction into the mobile application design to allow users to easily learn about sarcopenia.

Objective
This study evaluated a model for predicting high-risk populations for sarcopenia in home settings. We further developed a sarcopenia nursing guidance mobile application and assessed the effectiveness of this application in influencing sarcopenia-related knowledge and self-care awareness among participants.

Methods
Using a one-group pretest–posttest design, data were collected from 120 participants at a teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. This study used an artificial intelligence algorithm to evaluate a model for predicting high-risk populations for sarcopenia. We developed and assessed the sarcopenia nursing guidance mobile application using a questionnaire based on the Mobile Application Rating Scale.

Results
The application developed in this study enhanced participants’ sarcopenia-related knowledge and awareness regarding self-care. After the three-month intervention, the knowledge and awareness was effectively increase, total score was from 4.15 ± 2.35 to 6.65 ± 0.85 and were significant for all questionnaire items (p values < 0.05). On average, 96.1% of the participants were satisfied with the mobile app. The artificial intelligence algorithm positively evaluated the home-use model for predicting high-risk sarcopenia groups.

Conclusions
The mobile application of the sarcopenia nursing guidance for public use in home settings may help alleviate sarcopenia symptoms and reduce complications by enhancing individuals’ self-care awareness and ability.

Trial registration
NCT05363033, registered on 02/05/2022.