bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Efficient and Flexible Scintillation Screen Based on Organic Mn(II) Halide Hybrids toward Planar and Nonplanar X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Li Wen , Li Yunyun , Wang Ying , Zhou Zhengyang , Wang Chao , Sun Yiyang , Sheng Jianyong , Xiao Jiawen , Wang Qian , Kurosawa Shunsuke , Buryi Maksym , John David , Paurová Karin , Nikl Martin , OuYang Xiaoping , Wu Yuntao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe urgency for cost‐effective, high‐resolution, flexible X‐ray imaging detectors is generating great demand for scintillators with low‐temperature processability, high scintillation yield, and negligible afterglow. X‐ray imaging materials are currently dominated by inorganic scintillators in the form of rigid films and bulk crystals, which have inherent limitations including high‐temperature, complex synthesis, and considerable challenges toward advanced nonplanar imaging. Here, high‐performance and flexible X‐ray scintillators based on novel zero‐dimensional (0D) (BTPP)2MnX4 (BTPP = benzyltriphenylphosphonium; X = Cl, Br) halides are reported. They emit bright green light originating from the 4T1‐6A1 transition of Mn2+ under X‐ray excitation. In particular, (BTPP)2MnBr4 single crystals exhibit excellent air‐ and radiation‐stability, a high scintillation yield of 53 000 photons MeV−1, a low detection limit of 89.9 nGyair s−1, and an ultralow afterglow comparable to commercial Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) single crystals. Moreover, the (BTPP)2MnCl4@polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flexible scintillation screens achieve a high spatial resolution of 14.1 lp mm−1 and realize high‐quality imaging results of nonplanar objects. This study demonstrates that the flexible scintillation screens based on low‐dimensional Mn(II) hybrid halides have significant potential for low‐dose and high‐resolution X‐ray imaging applications.
Femoral neuropathy: A clinical and electrodiagnostic review
Authors: Santilli Ashley R. , Martinez‐Thompson Jennifer M. , Speelziek Scott J. A. , Staff Nathan P. , Laughlin Ruple S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsFemoral neuropathies can cause severe, prolonged debility, yet there have been few clinical and electrodiagnostic (EDx) studies addressing this condition. The aim of this study was to better understand the etiologies, EDx features, and clinical course of femoral neuropathy.MethodsWe identified patients evaluated at Mayo Clinic Rochester between January 1, 1999 and July 31, 2019, with possible new femoral neuropathy ascertained via International Classification of Diseases‐versions 9 and 10 diagnosis codes presenting within 6 months of symptom onset.ResultsA retrospective review of 1084 records was performed and we ultimately identified 159 patients with isolated femoral neuropathy for inclusion. The most common femoral neuropathy etiologies were compressive (40%), perioperative stretch (35%), and inflammatory (6%). Presenting symptoms included weakness (96%), sensory loss (73%), and pain (53%). Presenting motor physical exam findings demonstrated moderate weakness (34%) or no activation (25%) of knee extension and mild (32%) or moderate (35%) weakness of hip flexion. Seventy‐two percent of patients underwent EDx testing, including 22 with femoral motor nerve conduction studies. Treatment often involved physical therapy (89%) and was otherwise etiology‐specific. In patients with follow‐up data available (n = 154), 83% had subjective clinical improvement at follow‐up with a mean time to initial improvement of 3.3 months and mean time to recovery at final follow‐up of 14.8 months. Only 48% of patients had nearly complete or complete recovery.DiscussionIn our cohort, the most common etiologies of femoral neuropathy were compression or perioperative stretch with high initial morbidity. Although motor recovery is common, improvement is often prolonged and incomplete.
Neurological manifestations with jugular vein thrombosis linked to an inflammatory profile may be a sequela of long COVID
Authors: Mendoza‐Portillo Elizabeth , Aleman‐Navarro Estefania , Prieto G. Aleph , Rosenstein Yvonne , Lozano‐Nuevo Jose J. , Perez‐Lopez Araceli 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMore than 670 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been recorded worldwide in the 3 years since the start of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic. About 45% of survivors of COVID‐19 develop a syndrome known as long‐term COVID, in which symptoms persist even months after the acute infection. About 76% of patients with long COVID experience neurological manifestations. Moreover, patients who have survived COVID‐19 have an increased risk of cerebral venous thrombosis. This case report describes a 41‐year‐old woman who developed neurological manifestations associated with jugular vein thrombosis 24 h after administration of the Oxford–AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19) vaccine (AstraZeneca‐Serum Institute of India). She had been infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 three months before vaccination. Although initially suspected to be a case of vaccine‐induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) in view of her recent vaccination, the patient did not have any hallmarks of VITT, such as thrombocytopenia, an increased d‐dimer level, or antibodies against platelet factor‐4. Moreover, the neurological manifestations were associated with a high concentration of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐17A, and IL‐21, and elevated neutrophil levels in cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting that inflammatory immune components had a role in the development of thrombotic events and pointing to an alternative diagnosis. In this case, the laboratory results indicated that the neurological manifestations associated with jugular vein thrombosis were not associated with VITT. Therefore, we propose that the thrombosis of the left jugular vein was a sequela of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Mechanisms of carboplatin‐ and paclitaxel‐dependent induction of premature senescence and pro‐cancerogenic conversion of normal peritoneal mesothelium and fibroblasts
Authors: Rutecki Szymon , Pakuła‐Iwańska Martyna , Leśniewska‐Bocianowska Agnieszka , Matuszewska Julia , Rychlewski Daniel , Uruski Paweł , Stryczyński Łukasz , Naumowicz Eryk , Szubert Sebastian , Tykarski Andrzej , Mikuła‐Pietrasik Justyna , Książek Krzysztof 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCarboplatin (CPT) and paclitaxel (PCT) are the optimal non‐surgical treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Although their growth‐restricting influence on EOC cells is well known, their impact on normal peritoneal cells, including mesothelium (PMCs) and fibroblasts (PFBs), is poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether, and if so, by what mechanism, CPT and PCT induce senescence of omental PMCs and PFBs. In addition, we tested whether PMC and PFB exposure to the drugs promotes the development of a pro‐cancerogenic phenotype. The results showed that CPT and PCT induce G2/M growth arrest‐associated senescence of normal peritoneal cells and that the strongest induction occurs when the drugs act together. PMCs senesce telomere‐independently with an elevated p16 level and via activation of AKT and STAT3. In PFBs, telomeres shorten along with an induction of p21 and p53, and their senescence proceeds via the activation of ERK1/2. Oxidative stress in CPT + PCT‐treated PMCs and PFBs is extensive and contributes causatively to their premature senescence. Both PMCs and PFBs exposed to CPT + PCT fuel the proliferation, migration, and invasion of established (A2780, OVCAR‐3, SKOV‐3) and primary EOCs, and this activity is linked with an overproduction of multiple cytokines altering the cancer cell transcriptome and controlled by p38 MAPK, NF‐κB, STAT3, Notch1, and JAK1. Collectively, our findings indicate that CPT and PCT lead to iatrogenic senescence of normal peritoneal cells, which paradoxically and opposing therapeutic needs alters their phenotype towards pro‐cancerogenic. It cannot be excluded that these adverse outcomes of chemotherapy may contribute to EOC relapse in the case of incomplete tumor eradication and residual disease initiation. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Fast and accurate prediction of cure quality and mechanical performance in fiber‐reinforced polymer composite using dielectric variables and machine learning
Authors: Rabby Monjur Morshed , Das Partha Pratim , Rahman Minhazur , Vadlamudi Vamsee , Raihan Rassel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are widely used in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their high strength‐to‐weight ratio. However, the manufacturing process of FRP composites is intricate, requiring precise control over multiple parameters, which can be challenging. To ensure top‐notch product quality and bolster confidence in the durability of composite materials, it requires a uniform curing evaluation technique and a predictive strength model. This study presents a rapid nondestructive quality inspection technique for composites, involving three distinct studies that employ machine learning techniques in combination with the frequency‐dependent dielectric response of materials. The first study introduces a nondestructive method for swiftly inspecting the cure state (degree of cure) of composite samples. This technique combines broadband dielectric spectroscopy with supervised machine learning algorithms, particularly support vector machines. The second study employs advanced artificial neural networks like multi‐layer perceptron to predict the tensile strength, a measure of mechanical performance, of composite materials. The results demonstrate an accurate classification of the curing state with 96.7% accuracy and a prediction of tensile strength with 87.5% accuracy. The final study explores the application of machine learning in quality monitoring of prepreg (raw materials for FRP) aging at room temperature.Highlights
Integration of machine learning with frequency‐dependent dielectric measurement offers efficient method for inspecting and monitoring the curing state and mechanical performance of composite materials.
Machine learning and frequency‐dependent dielectric response used to accurately assess the curing state of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites with 96.7% accuracy, which saves the time and effort and also reduces the need for destructive testing.
Advanced artificial neural networks, specifically multi‐layer perceptron, employed to predict mechanical performance of composite materials with 87.5% accuracy, enhancing confidence in product reliability.
Novel dielectric measurement technique integrated with machine learning algorithms enables prepreg age monitoring at room temperature.
Upcycling waste PMMA to durable composites via a transesterification‐inverse vulcanization process
Authors: Wijeyatunga Shalini K. , Derr Katelyn M. , Maladeniya Charini P. , Sauceda‐Oloño Perla Y. , Tennyson Andrew G. , Smith Rhett C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is an important commodity polymer having a wide range of applications. Currently, only about 10% of PMMA is recycled. Herein, a simple two‐stage process for the chemical upcycling of PMMA is discussed. In this method PMMA is modified by transesterification with a bio‐derived, olefin‐bearing terpenoid, geraniol. In the second stage, olefin‐derivatized PMMA is reacted with sulfur to form a network composite by an inverse vulcanization mechanism. Inverse vulcanization of PGMA with elemental sulfur (90 wt.%) yielded the durable composite PGMA‐S. This composite was characterized by NMR spectrometry, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Composite water uptake, compressional strength analysis, flexural strength analysis, tensile strength analysis, and thermal recyclability are presented with comparison to current commercial structural materials. PGMA‐S exhibits a similar compressive strength (17.5 MPa) to that of Portland cement. PGMA‐S demonstrates an impressive flexural strength of 4.76 MPa which exceeds the flexural strength (>3 MPa) of many commercial ordinary Portland cements. This study provides a way to upcycle waste PMMA through combination with a naturally‐occurring olefin and industrial waste sulfur to yield composites having mechanical properties competitive with ecologically detrimental legacy building materials.
Location of S‐nitrosylated cysteines in protein three‐dimensional structures
Authors: Carugo Oliviero 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAlthough S‐nitrosylation of cysteines is a common protein posttranslational modification, little is known about its three‐dimensional structural features. This paper describes a systematic survey of the data available in the Protein Data Bank. Several interesting observations could be made. (1) As a result of radiation damage, S‐nitrosylated cysteines (Snc) are frequently reduced, at least partially. (2) S‐nitrosylation may be a protection against irreversible thiol oxidation; because the NO group of Snc is relatively accessible to the solvent, it may act as a cork to protect the sulfur atoms of cysteines from oxidation by molecular oxygen to sulfenic, sulfinic, and sulfonic acid; moreover, Snc are frequently found at the start or end of helices and strands and this might shield secondary structural elements from unfolding.
Validation of a training system for laparoscopic longitudinal suturing in lesion
Authors: Tang Yibo , Chen Min , Xing Yuan , Wang Yu , Wang Honglei , Ji Yunpeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundA training system that allows the trainee to perform laparoscopic suturing in a realistic environment and measures the force applied to the tissue would be invaluable. This study aims to establish the construct and content validity of the training system we developed for the objective assessment of surgeons' skills.MethodsTen novices, 6 residents, and 6 experts performed the suturing and knot‐tying task using the training system. Ten force‐related parameters were used to analyse the system's construct validity. Experts were invited to evaluate the content validity with questionnaires.ResultsEight parameters showed significant differences between the three groups. The construct validity results demonstrated that the system could distinguish the tissue handling ability of operators. The experts agreed that the system had excellent content validity with an average score of 4.71/5.ConclusionsThe training system is likely valid for surgical training. It can realistically simulate surgical scenarios and evaluate the tissue handling ability of trainees.
Insights into the Zintl Cluster Mediated Disulfide Bond Separation: A DFT Study
Authors: Sinha Swapan , Giri Santanab 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDisulfide bond cleavage plays a crucial role in various chemical and biological processes. In recent years, developing novel and efficient catalysts for disulfide bond cleavage has garnered significant attention. This manuscript presents a comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) study on the separation of a disulfide bond by a well‐known Nona‐silicide Zintl cluster, Si94−. It is a single‐step exothermic reaction process that proceeds via the SN2 mechanism. This study also investigates the electronic activity, electron transfer process, and other electronic properties associated with the disulfide bond dissociation by the Si9‐Zintl cluster using the M06‐2X computational method.
Long‐Acting Microparticle Formulation of Griseofulvin for Ocular Neovascularization Therapy
Authors: Chobisa Dhawal , Muniyandi Anbukkarasi , Sishtla Kamakshi , Corson Timothy W. , Yeo Yoon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults. nAMD is treated with biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor; however, many patients do not respond to the current therapy. Here, a small molecule drug, griseofulvin (GRF), is used due to its inhibitory effect on ferrochelatase, an enzyme important for choroidal neovascularization (CNV). For local and sustained delivery to the eyes, GRF is encapsulated in microparticles based on poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer with a track record in long‐acting formulations. The GRF‐loaded PLGA microparticles (GRF MPs) are designed for intravitreal application, considering constraints in size, drug loading content, and drug release kinetics. Magnesium hydroxide is co‐encapsulated to enable sustained GRF release over >30 days in phosphate‐buffered saline with Tween 80. Incubated in cell culture medium over 30 days, the GRF MPs and the released drug show antiangiogenic effects in retinal endothelial cells. A single intravitreal injection of MPs containing 0.18 µg GRF releases the drug over 6 weeks in vivo to inhibit the progression of laser‐induced CNV in mice with no abnormality in the fundus and retina. Intravitreally administered GRF MPs prove effective in preventing CNV, providing proof‐of‐concept toward a novel, cost‐effective nAMD therapy.
Defect Engineering of 2D Copper Tin Composite Nanosheets Realizing Promoted Electrosynthesis Performance of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Qian Junning , Liu Wei , Jiang Yuting , Ye Ling , Wei Xianbin , Xi Shibo , Shi Le , Zeng Lin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe transformation of the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e‐ORR) to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a promising green synthesis approach that can replace the high‐energy consumption anthraquinone process. However, designing and fabricating low‐cost, non‐precious metal electrocatalysts for 2e‐ORR remains a challenge. In this study, a method of combining complexation precipitation and thermal treatment to synthesize 2D copper‐tin composite nanosheets to serve as the 2e‐ORR electrocatalysts is utilized, achieving a high H2O2 selectivity of 92.8% in 0.1 m KOH, and a bulk H2O2 electrosynthesis yield of 1436 mmol·gcat−1·h−1 using a flow cell device. Remarkably, the H2O2 selectivity of this catalyst decreases by only 0.5% after 10,000 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles. In addition, it demonstrates that the same catalyst can achieve 97% removal of the organic pollutant methyl blue in an aqueous system solution within 1 h using the on‐site degradation technology. A reasonable control of defect concentration on the 2D copper‐tin composite nanosheets that can effectively improve the electrocatalytic performance is found. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the surface of the 2D copper‐tin composite nanosheets is conducive to the adsorption of the key intermediate OOH*, highlighting its excellent electrocatalytic performance for ORR with high H2O2 selectivity.
The Contact Interface Electronic Coupling of Cobalt and Zirconia Enables Stable and Highly Efficient 4e− Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysis
Authors: Chen Shuo , Ma Yanyan , Zhang Liang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Yuehui , Zhang Xiaohua , Yan Jianhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCobalt (Co) is an efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst but suffers from issues of easy deactivation and instability. Here, it shows that ZrO2 can stabilize Co through interface electron coupling and enables highly efficient 4e− ORR catalysis. Porous carbon nanofibers loaded with dispersed Co‐nanodots (≈10 nm, 9.63 wt%) and ZrO2 nanoparticles are synthesized as the catalyst. The electron transfer from the metallic Co to ZrO2 causes interface‐oriented electron enrichment that promotes the activation and conversion of O2, improving the efficiency of 4e− transfer. Moreover, the simulation results show that ZrO2 acts like an electron reservoir to store electrons from Co and slowly release them to the interface, solving the easy deactivation problem of Co. The catalyst exhibits a high half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.84 V, which only decreases by 3.6 mV after 10 000 cycles, showing great stability. Particularly, the enhanced spin polarization of Co in a magnetic field reinforces the interface electron coupling that increases the E1/2 to 0.864 V and decreases the energy barrier of ORR from 0.81 to 0.63 eV, confirming that the proposed strategy is effective for constructing efficient and stable ORR catalysts.
Cascading Energy Transfer for Highly Efficient Deep−Red OLED Emission with Cyclometalated [3+2+1] Iridium Complexes
Authors: Tong Kai‐Ning , Wu Chengcheng , Wu Yuan , Li Siqi , Jin Zhaoyun , Shi Kefei , Jung Sinyeong , Wang Xin , Guan Yunzhi , Yang Chen , Wei Guodan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe promising cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes have been proved to possess great potential in vacuum−deposited organic light−emitting diodes (OLEDs) applications for full−color displays and white solid−state lighting sources. Herein, based on the unique bidentate ligand of dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (dbpz) group with strong conjugated effect of aromatic rings for red emission, four novel [3+2+1] coordinated iridium (III) emissive materials have been rationally designed and synthesized. The monodentate ligands of −CN and −OCN have been effectively employed to tune the deep−red emission of 628−675 nm with high photoluminescence quantum yields up to 98%. Moreover, all devices displayed deep−red color coordinates ranging from (0.675, 0.325) to (0.716, 0.284), which is close to the standard−red color coordinates of (0.708, 0.292), as recommended by International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication (ITU−R) BT.2020. The device based on nBuIr(dbpz)CN with an exciplex cohost has exhibited maximum external quantum efficiencies of 20.7% and good stability. With nBuIr(dbpz)CN as an effective sensitizer, the nBuIr(dbpz)OCN based phosphorescent OLED devices have successfully demonstrated cascading energy transfer processes, contributing to pure red emission with maximum luminance as high as 6471 cd m−2. Therefore, this work has been successfully demonstrated rational molecular design strategy of [3+2+1] iridium complexes to obtain highly efficient deep−red electrophosphorescent emission.
Factors influencing sustainability aspects in crowdsourced software development: A systematic literature review
Authors: Haider Waqas , Ilyas Muhammad , Khalid Shah , Ali Sikandar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCrowdsource software development has become more and more popular in recent years in the software industry. Crowdsourcing is an open‐call technique for outsourcing tasks to a broad and undefined crowd. Crowdsourcing provides numerous advantages including reduced costs, fast project completion, talent identification, diversity of solutions, top‐quality, and access to problem‐solving creativity. Despite of the benefits gained from crowdsourcing, there are numerous issues like lack of experienced workers, lack of confidentiality, copyright issues, software sustainability, and so forth. There is also less focus on the long‐term sustainability of software development because of new ideas emerging in crowdsourcing software development. Furthermore, in literature, lack of guidelines towards sustainable software crowdsourcing is highlighted as one of the limitations in the software standards. This study aims to identify the factors that influence sustainability aspects in crowdsourced software development. We have conducted a systematic literature review for identification of these factors. In this paper, we present findings of the systematic literature review in the form of a list of 11 factors extracted from a sample of 45 finally selected papers. Among these factors, six of the factors are ranked as critical factors. These critical factors are “Lack of coding standard in documentation,” “Use of popular programming tools,” “Crowd Lack of knowledge and awareness about sustainability,” “Energy‐efficient coding,” “Lack of awareness about sustainable software engineering practices,” and “Lack of coordination/communication between client and crowd.”