bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations of lipid-related genes during anti-tuberculosis treatment: insights into host immune responses and potential transcriptional biomarkers
Authors: Phat Nguyen Ky , Tien Nguyen Tran Nam , Anh Nguyen Ky , Yen Nguyen Thi Hai , Lee Yoon Ah , Trinh Hoang Kim Tu , Le Kieu-Minh , Ahn Sangzin , Cho Yong-Soon , Park Seongoh , Kim Dong Hyun , Long Nguyen Phuoc , Shin Jae-Gook 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe optimal diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) are challenging due to underdiagnosis and inadequate treatment monitoring. Lipid-related genes are crucial components of the host immune response in TB. However, their dynamic expression and potential usefulness for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment are unclear. MethodologyIn the present study, we used a targeted, knowledge-based approach to investigate the expression of lipid-related genes during anti-TB treatment and their potential use as biomarkers of treatment response. Results and discussionThe expression levels of 10 genes (ARPC5, ACSL4, PLD4, LIPA, CHMP2B, RAB5A, GABARAPL2, PLA2G4A, MBOAT2, and MBOAT1) were significantly altered during standard anti-TB treatment. We evaluated the potential usefulness of this 10-lipid-gene signature for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring in various clinical scenarios across multiple populations. We also compared this signature with other transcriptomic signatures. The 10-lipid-gene signature could distinguish patients with TB from those with latent tuberculosis infection and non-TB controls (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve &gt; 0.7 for most cases); it could also be useful for monitoring response to anti-TB treatment. Although the performance of the new signature was not better than that of previous signatures (i.e., RISK6, Sambarey10, Long10), our results suggest the usefulness of metabolism-centric biomarkersConclusionsLipid-related genes play significant roles in TB pathophysiology and host immune responses. Furthermore, transcriptomic signatures related to the immune response and lipid-related gene may be useful for TB diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
Multi-omics analyses unravel DNA damage repair-related clusters in breast cancer with experimental validation
Authors: Liu Peng , Deng Xinpei , Zhou Huamao , Xie Jindong , Kong Yanan , Zou Yutian , Yang Anli , Li Xing 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundAs one of the most common malignancies worldwide, breast cancer (BC) exhibits high heterogeneity of molecular phenotypes. The evolving view regarding DNA damage repair (DDR) is that it is context-specific and heterogeneous, but its role in BC remains unclear.MethodsMulti-dimensional data of transcriptomics, genomics, and single-cell transcriptome profiling were obtained to characterize the DDR-related features of BC. We collected 276 DDR-related genes based on the Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB) database and previous studies. We acquired public datasets included the SCAN-B dataset (GEO: GSE96058), METABRIC database, and TCGA-BRCA database. Corresponding repositories such as transcriptomics, genomics, and clinical information were also downloaded. We selected scRNA-seq data from GEO: GSE176078, GSE114727, GSE161529, and GSE158724. Bulk RNA-seq data from GEO: GSE176078, GSE18728, GSE5462, GSE20181, and GSE130788 were extracted for independent analyses.ResultsThe DDR classification was constructed in the SCAN-B dataset (GEO: GSE96058) and METABRIC database, Among BC patients, there were two clusters with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics: the DDR-suppressed cluster and the DDR-active cluster. A superior survival rate is found for tumors in the DDR-suppressed cluster, while those with the DDR-activated cluster tend to have inferior prognoses and clinically aggressive behavior. The DDR classification was validated in the TCGA-BRCA cohort and shown similar results. We also found that two clusters have different pathway activities at the genomic level. Based on the intersection of the different expressed genes among these cohorts, we found that PRAME might play a vital role in DDR. The DDR classification was then enabled by establishing a DDR score, which was verified through multilayer cohort analysis. Furthermore, our results revealed that malignant cells contributed more to the DDR score at the single-cell level than nonmalignant cells. Particularly, immune cells with immunosuppressive properties (such as FOXP3+ CD4+ T cells) displayed higher DDR scores among those with distinguishable characteristics.ConclusionCollectively, this study performs general analyses of DDR heterogeneity in BC and provides insight into the understanding of individualized molecular and clinicopathological mechanisms underlying unique DDR profiles.
Inactivated vaccine with glycyrrhizic acid adjuvant elicits potent innate and adaptive immune responses against foot-and-mouth disease
Authors: Shin Seokwon , Kim Hyeong Won , Ko Mi-Kyeong , Park So Hui , Kim Su-Mi , Park Jong-Hyeon , Lee Min Ja 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease that is fatal to young animals and is a major threat to the agricultural economy by reducing production and limiting the movement of livestock. The currently commercially-available FMD vaccine is prepared using an inactivated viral antigen in an oil emulsion, with aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3] as an adjuvant. However, oil emulsion-based options possess limitations including slow increases in antibody titers (up to levels adequate for defense against viral infection) and risks of local reactions at the vaccination site. Further, Al(OH)3 only induces a T helper 2 (Th2) cell response. Therefore, novel adjuvants that can address these limitations are urgently needed. Glycyrrhizic acid (extracted from licorice roots) is a triterpenoid saponin and has great advantages in terms of price and availability.MethodsTo address the limitations of the currently used commercial FMD vaccine, we added glycyrrhizic acid as an adjuvant (immunostimulant) to the FMD bivalent (O PA2 + A YC) vaccine. We then evaluated its efficacy in promoting both innate and adaptive (cellular and humoral) immune reactions in vitro [using murine peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) and porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)] and in vivo (using mice and pigs).ResultsGlycyrrhizic acid has been revealed to induce an innate immune response and enhance early, mid-, and long-term immunity. The studied bivalent vaccine with glycyrrhizic acid increased the expression of immunoregulatory genes such as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), cytokines, transcription factors, and co-stimulatory molecules.ConclusionCollectively, glycyrrhizic acid could have utility as a novel vaccine adjuvant that can address the limitations of commercialized FMD vaccines by inducing potent innate and adaptive immune responses.
Luteolin inhibits GPVI-mediated platelet activation, oxidative stress, and thrombosis
Authors: Ye Yujia , Yang Lihong , Leng Min , Wang Qian , Wu Jiankui , Wan Wen , Wang Huawei , Li Longjun , Peng Yunzhu , Chai Shengjie , Meng Zhaohui 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Luteolin inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation, but the mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the effects of luteolin on GPVI-mediated platelet activation in vitro and explored the effect of luteolin on thrombosis, coagulation, and platelet production in vivo.Methods: Washed human platelets were used for aggregation, membrane protein expression, ATP, Ca2+, and LDH release, platelet adhesion/spreading, and clot retraction experiments. Washed human platelets were used to detect collagen and convulxin-induced reactive oxygen species production and endogenous antioxidant effects. C57BL/6 male mice were used for ferric chloride-induced mesenteric thrombosis, collagen-epinephrine induced acute pulmonary embolism, tail bleeding, coagulation function, and luteolin toxicity experiments. The interaction between luteolin and GPVI was analyzed using solid phase binding assay and surface plasmon resonance (SPR).Results: Luteolin inhibited collagen- and convulxin-mediated platelet aggregation, adhesion, and release. Luteolin inhibited collagen- and convulxin-induced platelet ROS production and increased platelet endogenous antioxidant capacity. Luteolin reduced convulxin-induced activation of ITAM and MAPK signaling molecules. Molecular docking simulation showed that luteolin forms hydrogen bonds with GPVI. The solid phase binding assay showed that luteolin inhibited the interaction between collagen and GPVI. Surface plasmon resonance showed that luteolin bonded GPVI. Luteolin inhibited integrin αIIbβ3-mediated platelet activation. Luteolin inhibited mesenteric artery thrombosis and collagen- adrenergic-induced pulmonary thrombosis in mice. Luteolin decreased oxidative stress in vivo. Luteolin did not affect coagulation, hemostasis, or platelet production in mice.Discussion: Luteolin may be an effective and safe antiplatelet agent target for GPVI. A new mechanism (decreased oxidative stress) for the anti-platelet activity of luteolin has been identified.
Comparing modeling methods of genomic prediction for growth traits of a tropical timber species, Shorea macrophylla
Authors: Akutsu Haruto , Na’iem Mohammad , Widiyatno  , Indrioko Sapto , Sawitri  , Purnomo Susilo , Uchiyama Kentaro , Tsumura Yoshihiko , Tani Naoki 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionShorea macrophylla is a commercially important tropical tree species grown for timber and oil. It is amenable to plantation forestry due to its fast initial growth. Genomic selection (GS) has been used in tree breeding studies to shorten long breeding cycles but has not previously been applied to S. macrophylla.MethodsTo build genomic prediction models for GS, leaves and growth trait data were collected from a half-sib progeny population of S. macrophylla in Sari Bumi Kusuma forest concession, central Kalimantan, Indonesia. 18037 SNP markers were identified in two ddRAD-seq libraries. Genomic prediction models based on these SNPs were then generated for diameter at breast height and total height in the 7th year from planting (D7 and H7).Results and discussionThese traits were chosen because of their relatively high narrow-sense genomic heritability and because seven years was considered long enough to assess initial growth. Genomic prediction models were built using 6 methods and their derivatives with the full set of identified SNPs and subsets of 48, 96, and 192 SNPs selected based on the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The GBLUP and RKHS methods gave the highest predictive ability for D7 and H7 with the sets of selected SNPs and showed that D7 has an additive genetic architecture while H7 has an epistatic genetic architecture. LightGBM and CNN1D also achieved high predictive abilities for D7 with 48 and 96 selected SNPs, and for H7 with 96 and 192 selected SNPs, showing that gradient boosting decision trees and deep learning can be useful in genomic prediction. Predictive abilities were higher in H7 when smaller number of SNP subsets selected by GWAS p-value was used, However, D7 showed the contrary tendency, which might have originated from the difference in genetic architecture between primary and secondary growth of the species. This study suggests that GS with GWAS-based SNP selection can be used in breeding for non-cultivated tree species to improve initial growth and reduce genotyping costs for next-generation seedlings.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Sport Anxiety Scale-2
Authors: Zhang Jinrui , Zhang Zhiwen , Peng Shuo , Veloo Arsaythamby , Bailey Richard Peter , Tan Wee Hoe 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionThe Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) is a validated measure of sports trait anxiety, with promising psychometric properties. However, its cross-cultural applicability in Chinese samples remains unexplored. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were twofold: to translate the SAS-2 into Chinese and assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version.MethodsIn Study 1, we initiated the translation of the SAS-2 into Chinese. This assessment involved bilingual Chinese students proficient in both English and Chinese. Additionally, we conducted a cross-linguistic measurement invariance analysis. In Study 2, we delved into the psychometric properties of the Chinese SAS-2 using a sample of Chinese student athletes. This examination encompassed an evaluation of its factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across genders.ResultsOur findings in Study 1 indicated no significant differences in item scores between the Chinese SAS-2 and the English version, and measurement invariance across languages. In Study 2, we uncovered that the Chinese SAS-2 and its factors exhibited excellent reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha values exceeding 0.80. Confirmatory factor analyses upheld the original three-factor model, demonstrating acceptable model fit indices (CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.08). Furthermore, all three factors of the Chinese SAS-2 displayed significant and positive correlations with athlete burnout and State-Trait anxiety. Additionally, this study elucidated the mediating role of Concentration Disruption (Somatic anxiety and Concentration Disruption) in the relationship between the Trait (State) anxiety, and athlete burnout. Moreover, we identified measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the SAS-2 across genders. Finally, female college athletes exhibited significantly higher scores in somatic anxiety and worry compared to their male counterparts.DiscussionIn sum, our findings affirm that the Chinese version of the SAS-2 demonstrates robust reliability and correlates effectively with related criteria, thus validating its suitability for use in a Chinese context.
A comparison of dimensional and discrete models for the representation of perceived and induced affect in response to short musical sounds
Authors: Korsmit Iza Ray , Montrey Marcel , Wong-Min Alix Yok Tin , McAdams Stephen 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionIn musical affect research, there is considerable discussion on the best method to represent affective response. This discussion mainly revolves around the dimensional (valence, tension arousal, energy arousal) and discrete (anger, fear, sadness, happiness, tenderness) models of affect. Here, we compared these models' ability to capture self-reported affect in response to short, affectively ambiguous sounds.MethodsIn two online experiments (n1 = 263, n2 = 152), participants rated perceived and induced affect in response to single notes (Exp 1) and chromatic scales (Exp 2), which varied across instrument family and pitch register. Additionally, participants completed questionnaires measuring pre-existing mood, trait empathy, Big-Five personality, musical sophistication, and musical preferences.ResultsRater consistency and agreement were high across all affect scales. Correlation and principal component analyses showed that two dimensions or two affect categories captured most of the variation in affective response. Canonical correlation and regression analyses also showed that energy arousal varied in a manner that was not captured by discrete affect ratings. Furthermore, all sources of individual differences were moderately correlated with all affect scales, particularly pre-existing mood and dimensional affect.DiscussionWe conclude that when it comes to single notes and chromatic scales, the dimensions of valence and energy arousal best capture the perceived and induced affective response to affectively ambiguous sounds, although the role of individual differences should also be considered.
The role of teachers' socio-emotional competence in reducing burnout through increased work engagement
Authors: Ornaghi Veronica , Conte Elisabetta , Cavioni Valeria , Farina Eleonora , Pepe Alessandro 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionResearch has highlighted the relevance of socio-emotional competence in buffering the harmful impacts of perceived stress on the psychological facets of the teaching profession. The purpose of this paper is to innovatively investigate the relationships between perceived stress, work engagement, and burnout in a single comprehensive model, when considering the potential role that socio-emotional competence plays in mitigating the adverse impact of perceived stress on burnout.MethodsA total of 276 Italian in-service teachers (mean age = 46.6 ± 9.9 years) completed quantitative self-report measures of perceived stress, socio-emotional competence, work engagement, and burnout. Data were analyzed by using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach.ResultsAll fit indexes supported the model's full acceptance and suggested that teachers' socio-emotional competence reduced the effect of perceived stress on the risk of burnout by increasing their level of work engagement.DiscussionThe implications of the findings are discussed in terms of promoting interventions that target not only stress reduction but also foster teachers' socio-emotional competence in order to maintain a good level of work engagement and reduce the effect of stress on burnout.
Motivational characteristics of recreational drug use among emerging adults in social settings: an integrative literature review
Authors: Lojszczyk Alicja , Wilson Rhonda , Wood Jessica , Hutton Alison 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionRecreational drug use by emerging adults has been identified as an increasingly normalized trend in social contexts. It has been documented that the consumption of these substances regularly occurs at music festivals, raves, nightlife and party settings. While it is known that emerging adults participate in these risk-taking behaviors, what is not known is their motivational characteristics for use. The aim of this review to identify and review literature describing the motivations for recreational drug use and drug choice (excluding alcohol, cannabis and tobacco) by emerging adults in social settings to inform selection of appropriately aligned harm reduction education and health messaging interventions.MethodsWhittemore and Knafl’s (2005) integrative approach was used to conduct the review. This integrative review was based on a three-step search strategy identifying 2,772 articles published between 2000 and 2022. Eleven studies were included in the review. This review explores the following areas: drug use settings, concurrent drug use, consumer drug knowledge, motives of use including likes and dislikes and peer influence.ResultsA range of factors influence motivations of emerging adults to participate in recreational drug use. Similar to the consumption of alcohol, the use of recreational drugs by emerging adults is motivated by their perceived benefits and personal motivations to achieve euphoria, emotional intimacy, social benefits, peer influence, increased confidence and to decrease inhibitions. The review findings suggest that motivational factors that reinforce recreational drug use correlate with the desire to break away from the mundane by seeking pleasure and for the opportunity to create novel experiences. Beliefs about the positive and negative impacts of drug use, together with the desire to achieve emotional satisfaction influence drug taking activity.ConclusionRecreational drug use has become an increased societal norm amongst drug using peer groups and cannot be entirely prevented. It is to be noted that emerging adults have a basic understanding concerning recreational drugs, however, consumer drug knowledge and interventions that target illicit substances is lacking and should be addressed in future research. Festivals, raves and nightlife settings provide opportunity to implement health promotion as it reaches large number of vulnerable individuals in a short period of time.
NorthBEAT: exploring the service needs of youth experiencing early psychosis in Northern Ontario
Authors: Cheng Chiachen , Nadin Shevaun , Bohonis Hafsa , Katt Mae , Dewa Carolyn S. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEarly Psychosis Intervention (EPI) is critical for best outcomes. Among 369 diseases, psychosis is among those causing the greatest disability. Evidence-based interventions for youth in early stages of psychosis (EPI programs) have prevented chronic disability. Yet, EPI is frequently inaccessible for youth living in rural communities. Moreover, Indigenous youth often face more precipitous situations given inadequate staffing, and culturally unsafe care. The NorthBEAT (Barriers to Early Assessment and Treatment) project sought to understand the service needs of youth with psychosis in Northern Ontario. The goals were: (1) to describe the mental health of a subset of adolescents receiving EPI care; (2) examine Indigenous youth as a significant and vulnerable population; (3) to understand the barriers and facilitators for Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth receiving EPI.MethodsMixed methods (structured and narrative interviews) included: psychometric scales interviews with youth, and narrative interviews with youth, their family, and service providers Data validation workshops were held with participants.ResultsStructured interviews with 26 youth (M = 17 years) found the participants functioning moderately well with duration of untreated psychosis ranging from 1 to 96 months (M = 26 months). No significant differences were found in functioning or duration of psychosis between Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth. Narrative interviews were conducted with 18 youth, 11 family members, and 14 service providers. Identified barriers were a lack of knowledge about psychosis among service providers, a disconnected system leading to delays in treatment, help not wanted by youth, expansive geographical context. Service needs were: finding the right point of access, support for families, pre-crisis intervention, reduced stigma for youth and their families, and an EPI approach to care.DiscussionRural and northern youth face similar barriers to accessing EPI as urban youth. However, northern youth face additional unique challenges due to expansive geographical context, limited resources and lack of knowledge about services.
Inequalities in Diabetes Mortality Between Microregions in Hungary
Authors: Kollányi Zsófia , Bálint Lajos , Susovits Kitti , Csépe Péter , Kovács Katalin 
Published: October 2023

Objectives: Regional differences in diabetes mortality are high in Hungary. In our cross-sectional study, we aim to reveal the drivers of the inequalities in diabetes mortality across the 197 microregions of Hungary. To account for the influence of changes in healthcare and social conditions, we compared two periods (2009–12 and 2013–16).Methods: Traditional and re-conceptualized deprivation- and healthcare provison measures were used in OLS regression models.Results: Microregions with a high proportion of population living in “service deserts,” especially in regard to the lack of grocery stores, suffer the highest rates of diabetes mortality. Alcohol-related mortality has been proven to be a similarly and surprisingly strong predictor of diabetes mortality.Conclusion: Food provision should be supported in areas characterized by low service density, and alcohol policy should be strengthened and targeted.