bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of the Altertoxin I Framework
Authors: Gutsche Maximilian , Pfaff Dominik , Podlech Joachim 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRoutes to the framework of perylenequinone‐derived mycotoxins of the biphenyl type are described. 1,2,11,12‐Tetrahydroperylenequinone is most suitably prepared in seven steps starting with 3‐hydroxyacetophenone. Key steps are an Ullmann coupling, pinacol‐type cyclization, bromination, enolate reaction, and intramolecular Friedel‐Crafts cyclization. A second approach starting with 1,5‐dihydroxynaphthalene yields the respective decarbonylated core. Key steps of this 5‐step sequence are again an Ullmann coupling and a McMurry olefination. The cleavage of the preferentially utilized hexyl protecting group could be achieved with boron bromide.
Bio‐based laminated truss structures with bolted steel connections: Experiment, modeling, and model‐updating
Authors: Shi Da , Xu Yongjia , Demartino Cristoforo , Xiao Yan , Spencer Billie F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBio‐based laminated structures offer a timely solution to meet the pressing demand for resource‐efficient and environmentally responsible construction practices in civil engineering. Bolted connections are commonly used in truss joints and significantly impact their global mechanical behaviors. However, existing studies on the complex behavior of joints for integrated bio‐based structures are lacking. Based on previous work by the authors about joint behavior, this study seeks to experimentally investigate the axial behavior of bolted steel to laminated timber and bamboo (glubam) connections with slotted‐in steel plates in planar truss structures. First, cyclic tests were conducted on Bio‐based laminated planar truss structures to evaluate their global and local hysteretic behavior. The test matrix encompasses eight distinct connection configurations, carefully selected to assess the connection behavior of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) and Glued Laminated Bamboo (glubam). Subsequently, through the incorporation of the hysteretic model for truss joints, an advanced hybrid truss model was developed within the OpenSees framework and successfully validated using experimental data. Finally, this study proposes and demonstrates the effectiveness of an efficient model‐updating framework, which combines the power of the genetic algorithm (GA) and neural network, resulting in a significantly enhanced accuracy of the model.
When and How to Conduct Ecotoxicological Tests Using Natural Field-Collected Sediment
Authors: Grønlund Sara N. , Chan Wing S. , D'Amico Elettra , Flodgaard Mette , Lyngsie Gry , McCallum Erin S. , Palmqvist Annemette , Sandgaard Monica H. , Santobuono Martina , Thit Amalie , Selck Henriette 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the sediment compartment has gained more attention when performing toxicity tests, with a growing emphasis on gaining more ecological relevance in testing. Though many standard guidelines recommend using artificially formulated sediment, most sediment studies are using natural sediment collected in the field. Although the use of natural field-collected sediment contributes to more environmentally realistic exposure scenarios and higher well-being for sediment-dwelling organisms, it lowers comparability and reproducibility among studies as a result of, for example, differences in the base sediment depending on sampling site, background contamination, particle size distribution, or organic matter content. The aim of this methodology contribution is to present and discuss best practices related to collecting, handling, describing, and applying natural field-collected sediment in ecotoxicological testing. We propose six recommendations: (1) natural sediment should be collected at a well-studied site, historically and by laboratory analysis; (2) larger quantities of sediment should be collected and stored prior to initiation of an experiment to ensure a uniform sediment base; (3) any sediment used in ecotoxicological testing should be characterized, at the very least, for its water content, organic matter content, pH, and particle size distribution; (4) select spiking method, equilibration time, and experimental setup based on the properties of the contaminant and the research question; (5) include control-, treated similarly to the spiked sediment, and solvent control sediment when appropriate; and (6) quantify experimental exposure concentrations in the overlying water, porewater (if applicable), and bulk sediment at least at the beginning and the end of each experiment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1757–1766. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Six key steps in conducting ecotoxicological tests with natural field-collected sediment: collecting sediment in the field, preparing the sediment, characterizing the sediment, altering the sediment, spiking the sediment, and finally, using the sediment in an experimental setup.
A comparison of Range Value at Risk (RVaR) forecasting models
Authors: Maria Müller Fernanda , Weber Gössling Thalles , Solgon Santos Samuel , Brutti Righi Marcelo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRisk forecasting is an important and helpful process for investors, fund managers, traders, and market makers. Choosing an inappropriate risk forecasting model can trigger irreversible losses. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the quality of different models to forecast the Range Value at Risk (RVaR) in univariate and multivariate analyses. The forecasts for other important measures like Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES) are also obtained. To assess the performance of both the univariate and multivariate models to RVaR forecasting, we consider an empirical exercise with different asset classes, rolling window estimations, and significance levels. We evaluated the empirical forecasts with the score functions of each risk measure. We identified that different models forecast different assets better, and the GARCH model with Student's
and skewed Generalized Error distribution overcame the other distributions. We observed the RVine and CVine copulas as better models in the multivariate study. Besides, we noted that the models with Student's
marginal distribution perform better according to realized loss (score function). We also note that RVaR forecasts follow the evolution of financial returns, showing an interesting measure to be used in industry and empirical investigations.
Consumption of dairy products and odds of ulcerative colitis: An Iranian case–control study
Authors: Amini Mohammad Reza , Khademi Zeinab , Salavatizadeh Marieh , Kalantar Zahra , Ebrahimi‐Daryani Nasser , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Hekmatdoost Azita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe association between dairy product consumption and the risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) is not well elucidated. This case–control study examined the association between Iranian adults' dairy consumption and UC risk. We used a valid food frequency questionnaire to analyze dietary intakes in 340 patients with pathologically confirmed cases of UC and 782 controls as part of a case–control research. Pasteurized milk, cheese, and yogurt dietary intakes were calculated along with dairy products. Other variables were acquired using questionnaires. Study participants' mean (± SD) age and body mass index were 41.5 ± 14.1 years and 27.4 ± 4.77 kg/m2, respectively. After adjusting for potential variables, individuals who consumed more total dairy products were less likely to get UC than those who consumed less (odds ratio [OR]: 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.24, 0.79). We found a significant reverse association between milk intake (OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.07–0.24) and yogurt intake (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29–0.91) and UC, after controlling for potential confounders. Also, no significant association was found between cheese and UC risk (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.84–2.28). Higher consumption of total dairy products may reduce UC risk. To be specific, milk and yogurt are inversely associated with this disorder. However, no link was found between cheese intake and UC. Longitudinal observational studies, especially cohorts, are needed to further assess these associations.
Serial assessment and long‐term radiographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus after inferior maxillectomy and soft tissue free flap reconstruction in patients with oral cancer
Authors: Dang Rushil Rajiv , Hu Yu‐Feng , Tsao Chung‐Kang , Young Chi‐Kuang , Liao Chun‐Ta , Chen Ching‐Han , Kang Chung‐Jan , Huang Shiang‐Fu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study evaluates serial radiographic changes in the maxillary sinus of patients with oral cancer after an inferior maxillectomy and a soft tissue free flap reconstruction.MethodsFifty‐six patients were evaluated between Oct 2005 and Mar 2017 from an institutional database. Preoperative and surveillance imaging was reviewed at set time‐points. Maxillary sinus scores were allotted based on a modification of the Lund–MacKay staging system. Patients were evaluated for change in sinus score. A univariate (UV) and multivariate (MV) analysis was performed.ResultsThere were 53.5% T3/T4 category tumors and 68% received adjuvant treatment. Median follow‐up was 24.4 months. Preoperative mean sinus score was 0.27 ± 0.44 and postoperative mean sinus score at 24 months was 1.2 ± 1.3 (p = <0.001). On UV analysis advanced T‐stage at 12 months (OR 6.7, 95% CI 1.2–50.3, p = 0.01) and 24 months (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.03–36.8, p = 0.04) was associated with significantly higher sinus score. On MV analysis, advanced T‐stage continued to be associated with increased odds for higher sinus score (OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.1–26.8, p = 0.039).ConclusionA mild increase in postoperative sinus score is seen in this cohort of patients. Advanced T‐stage is associated with increased odds for higher sinus scores.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral N‐acetylcysteine in patients with COVID‐19 receiving the routine antiviral and hydroxychloroquine protocol: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Atefi Najmolsadat , Goodarzi Azadeh , Riahi Taghi , Khodabandehloo Niloofar , Talebi Taher Mahshid , Najar Nobari Niloufar , Seirafianpour Farnoosh , Mahdi Zeinab , Baghestani Amir , Valizadeh Rohollah 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe current absence of gold‐standard or all‐aspect favorable therapies for COVID‐19 renders a focus on multipotential drugs proposed to prevent or treat this infection or ameliorate its signs and symptoms vitally important. The present well‐designed randomized controlled trial (RCT) sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) as adjuvant therapy for 60 hospitalized Iranian patients with COVID‐19.MethodsTwo 30‐person diets, comprising 15 single diets of Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) + hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with/without NAC (600 mg TDS) and atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ with/without NAC (600 mg TDS), were administered in the study.ResultsAt the end of the study, a further decrease in C‐reactive protein was observed in the NAC group (P = 0.008), and no death occurred in the atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ + NAC group, showing that the combination of these drugs may reduce mortality. The atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ and atazanavir/ritonavir + NAC groups exhibited the highest O2 saturation at the end of the study and a significant rise in O2 saturation following intervention commencement, including NAC (P > 0.05). Accordingly, oral or intravenous NAC, if indicated, may enhance O2 saturation, blunt the inflammation trend (by reducing C‐reactive protein), and lower mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19.ConclusionThe NAC could be more effective as prophylactic or adjuvant therapy in stable non‐severe cases of COVID‐19 with a particularly positive role in the augmentation of O2 saturation and faster reduction of the CRP level and inflammation or could be effective for better controlling of COVID‐19 or its therapy‐related side effects.
Identification of potential therapeutic drugs targeting core genes for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and coexisting COVID‐19: Insights from bioinformatic analyses
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhang Hongjian , Lin Yanbin , Lu Meiqi , Liao Quan , Zhang Shichao , Chen Weibin , Zheng Xiongwei , Li Yunpeng , Ding Rui , Wan Zheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at risk during the COVID‐19 pandemic, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study sought to analyze the potential molecular connections between COVID‐19 and SLE, employing a bioinformatics approach to identify effective drugs for both conditions.MethodsThe data sets GSE100163 and GSE183071 were utilized to determine share differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs were later analyzed by various bioinformatic methods, including functional enrichment, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, regulatory network construction, and gene–drug interaction construction.ResultsA total of 50 common DEGs were found between COVID‐19 and SLE. Gene ontology (GO) functional annotation revealed that “immune response,” “innate immune response,” “plasma membrane,” and “protein binding” were most enriched in. Additionally, the pathways that were enriched include “Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation.” The study identified 48 genes/nodes enriched with 292 edges in the PPI network, of which the top 10 hub genes were CD4, IL7R, CD3E, CD5, CD247, KLRB1, CD40LG, CD7, CR2, and GZMK. Furthermore, the study found 48 transcription factors and 8 microRNAs regulating these hub genes. Finally, four drugs namely ibalizumab (targeted to CD4), blinatumomab (targeted to CD3E), muromonab‐CD3 (targeted to CD3E), and catumaxomab (targeted to CD3E) were found in gene–drug interaction.ConclusionFour possible drugs that targeted two specific genes, which may be beneficial for COVID‐19 patients with SLE.
Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of acute kidney injury in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: A Danish population‐based cohort study
Authors: Munch Philip Vestergaard , Nørgaard Mette , Heide‐Jørgensen Uffe , Jensen Simon Kok , Birn Henrik , Christiansen Christian Fynbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) more than doubles the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, this association may be confounded. Therefore, we conducted a register‐based cohort study to examine the risk of AKI in users and nonusers of PPIs among cancer patients treated with ICIs in Denmark from 2011 through 2021 while accounting for a comprehensive range of potential confounders. PPI use was determined based on redeemed prescriptions of PPIs before ICI initiation. We identified laboratory‐recorded AKI events within the first year after ICI initiation. We estimated the risks and hazard ratios (HRs) of AKI while accounting for a comprehensive range of confounders (including comorbidities and comedication) by propensity score weighting. Furthermore, we performed an additional per‐protocol analysis while accounting for informative censoring by weighting. We identified 10 200 cancer patients including 2749 (27%) users, 6214 (61%) nonusers, and 1237 (12%) former users of PPIs. PPI users had an increased risk of AKI compared to nonusers (1‐year risk, 24.7% vs 19.9%; HR, 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29‐1.56]); however, this association attenuated when accounting for confounders (weighted 1‐year risk, 24.2% vs 23.8%; weighted HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.93‐1.21]). In the per‐protocol analysis, the crude HR was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.63‐2.12), while the weighted HR was 1.24 (95% CI, 1.03‐1.49). Thus, the association between PPI use and AKI could largely be explained by confounding, suggesting that previous studies may have overestimated the association.
Lipid fingerprint‐based histology accurately classifies nevus, primary melanoma, and metastatic melanoma samples
Authors: Huergo‐Baños Cristina , Velasco Verónica , Garate Jone , Fernández Roberto , Martín‐Allende Javier , Zabalza Ignacio , Artola Juan L. , Martí Rosa M. , Asumendi Aintzane , Astigarraga Egoitz , Barreda‐Gómez Gabriel , Fresnedo Olatz , Ochoa Begoña , Boyano Maria D. , Fernández José A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProbably, the most important factor for the survival of a melanoma patient is early detection and precise diagnosis. Although in most cases these tasks are readily carried out by pathologists and dermatologists, there are still difficult cases in which no consensus among experts is achieved. To deal with such cases, new methodologies are required. Following this motivation, we explore here the use of lipid imaging mass spectrometry as a complementary tool for the aid in the diagnosis. Thus, 53 samples (15 nevus, 24 primary melanomas, and 14 metastasis) were explored with the aid of a mass spectrometer, using negative polarity. The rich lipid fingerprint obtained from the samples allowed us to set up an artificial intelligence‐based classification model that achieved 100% of specificity and precision both in training and validation data sets. A deeper analysis of the image data shows that the technique reports important information on the tumor microenvironment that may give invaluable insights in the prognosis of the lesion, with the correct interpretation.
Fostering empathy and social justice through a culturally responsive approach to reading
Authors: Colosimo Natalie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe book Culturally Responsive Reading: Teaching Literature for Social Justice by Durthy A. Washington provides educators with an incisive approach to analyzing multicultural texts through the “four keys to culture”: Language, Identity, Space, and Time, or the LIST Paradigm. This framework offers students and teachers a guided approach to critically analyze literature and “bridge the gap between the conventional study of literature and the new multi‐cultural literature that is being taught”. It also asks students to examine their own cultural backgrounds and perspectives of the world around them and how that influences their interpretation of the text. The LIST Paradigm strives to ensure that teachers and students stay true to the author's intent and cultural perspective when critically approaching their literary works.
Associations of generalized anxiety and social anxiety with perceived difficulties in school in the adolescent general population
Authors: Kajastus Kati , Haravuori Henna , Kiviruusu Olli , Marttunen Mauri , Ranta Klaus 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD), marked by excessive worry, and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are among the clinically most important anxiety disorders in the adolescent population. This study aimed to explore the associations between perceived difficulties in school and heightened levels of self‐reported noncomorbid and comorbid GAD and SAD symptoms.MethodsSurvey data of 37,905 Finnish upper secondary school students with a mean age of 17.33 years (SD = 0.63) were obtained from the School Health Promotion study, implemented in April and May 2015 in Finland. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine indicators of academic and social difficulties in school. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine multivariate associations between anxiety symptoms and difficulties in the school. The anxiety symptom thresholds were based on the seven‐item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (≥10 points) for GAD‐related symptoms and the Mini‐SPIN (≥6 points) for SAD‐related symptoms.ResultsSelf‐reported generalized anxiety and social anxiety were both significantly associated with various perceived difficulties in school among this adolescent general population sample. Noncomorbid and comorbid GAD and SAD symptoms were both associated with an increased risk of academic and social difficulties, even when controlling for school performance. Comorbid symptoms were associated with significantly higher rates of social difficulties than noncomorbid symptoms of GAD or SAD. Furthermore, GAD symptoms were associated with a high risk for academic difficulties, irrespective of comorbidity.ConclusionsExcessive worry, a defining feature of GAD, is central to school‐related impairments among adolescents. The present study highlights the importance of school‐based interventions for anxious adolescents. Interventions to improve adolescents'; school functioning should account for the interference of pathological worry related to GAD.
Hypoxia‐induced factor‐1α promotes radioresistance of esophageal cancer cells by transcriptionally activating LINC01116 and suppressing miR‐3612 under hypoxia
Authors: Zhang Mengyan , Wang Zhiping , Wu Yahua , Chen Mingqiu , Li Jiancheng , Liu Guolong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC) is a challenging tumor to treat with radiotherapy, often exhibiting resistance to this treatment modality. To explore the factors influencing radioresistance, we focused on the role of hypoxia‐induced factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), and its interaction with the long noncoding RNA long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 1116 (LINC01116). We analyzed the LINC01116 expression in EC and EC cell lines/human normal esophageal epithelial cell line (Het‐1A). LINC01116 was silenced/overexpressed in EC109/KYSE30 cells under hypoxia, followed by radioresistance assessment. We measured HIF‐1α levels in hypoxic EC cells and further validated the binding of HIF‐1α with LINC01116, analyzing their interaction in EC cells. We then performed experiments in EC109 cells by transfection them with sh‐HIF‐1α/oe‐LINC01116 to verify the effects. Additonally, we analyzed the localization of LINC01116 and its binding with miR‐3612, followed by a combined experiment performed to validate the results. Our findings indicated that LINC01116 was highly expressed in EC and further elevated in hypoxic EC cells. LINC01116 was expressed at a high level in EC, which was further elevated in EC cells under hypoxic conditions. Knockdown of LINC01116 triggered EC cell apoptosis, thus suppressing radioresistance. Further investigation revealed that HIF‐1α transcriptionally activated LINC01116 expression under hypoxia, and silencing HIF‐1α lowered EC cell radioresistance by downregulating LINC01116. Under hypoxic conditions, LINC01116 could function as a sponge for miR‐3612 and inhibit its expression. This interaction between LINC01116 and miR‐3612 played a crucial role in mediating radioresistance in EC cells. Briefly, under hypoxic conditions, HIF‐1α facilitates radioresistance of EC cells by transcriptionally activating LINC01116 expression and downregulating miR‐3612.
Toxicological assessment of sodium benzoate in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Asejeje Folake O. , Alade Timilehin F. , Oyibo Aghogho , Abolaji Amos O. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSodium benzoate (SB), the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative with wide applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to kill many microorganisms effectively. Experimental evidence however suggests that excessive intake of SB poses detrimental health risks among consumers in the population. The present study investigated the toxic effects of various concentrations of SB using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Adult wild‐type flies of Canton S strain (1‐ to 3‐days old) was orally exposed to SB (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/5 g diet) to evaluate survival rates for 21 days. Thereafter, we evaluated markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant status and behavioral activity in D. melanogaster exposed to SB for seven (7) days. We observed that SB (2.0 and 5.0 mg/5 g diet) decreased the survival of D. melanogaster. Also, SB inhibited glutathione‐S‐transferase activity and depleted total thiols and nonprotein thiols contents. Moreover, SB (5 mg/5 g diet) increased nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) level and reduced flies' emergence rate. Conclusively, findings from this study revealed that exposure to high concentrations of SB reduced survival rate and induced toxicity via the induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes in D. melanogaster.