bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
المال في الإسلام
Authors: إبراهيم عبد الوهاب بشير 
Published: September 2023

المال هو كل ما ينتفع به، أو يكون صالحة لأن ينتفع به، ومحلا للتعامل، سواء كان مملوكا أو غير مملوك، هذا ما ذهب إليه جمهور العلماء. أما فقهاء الحنفية فقالوا: المال هو ما أمكن حيازته وإحرازه والانتفاع به انتفاءة عادية جائزة في غير الحالات الضرورية.
وعلى هذا فليس من المال، المنافع المبتكرات الفنية والمخترعات العلمية لأنها ليست أعيانا، وكذلك الميتة ليست بمال، لأن الانتفاع بها غير جائز إلا في حالات الضرورة. والمال في جملته عنصر هام في الحياة، أشغل عموم الناس، وحتى المفكرين منهم لا يزالون يعانون حل مشكلة المال باعتباره قوام الحياة وعصبها. وفي نظرهم أيضا أن الحكمة في هذا التحويل هي توزيع المال و فوائده بنسبة لا تتناقض مع مصلحة الأمة، ولا يتطرق إليها الاستبداد، لأن انحصار المال بيد الأفراد واكتنازهم له من وجوه الظلم الذي يصبح من العسير تحرير الناس منه ما لم يتم توزيع المال، وتصير مصلحة العمل ضمن مصالح المجتمع، ويكون العامل عاملا للمصلحة العامة لا الخاصة، فتوزيع المال هو ضمن وسيلة للقضاء على كل سلطة فردية تعوق سير المجتمع عن التقدم والرقي.
الحقوق التي لا تؤثر فيها الحيازة
Authors: الغرياني بشير محمد الغرياني 
Published: September 2023

الحمد لله حق حمده، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد نبيه وعبده، ورضي الله وصحبه، وتابعيهم القائمين بأمر الدين من بعده، وبعد. فقد اختلف الفقهاء في إعمال الحيازة وتأثيرها في منع سماع دعوى المدعي، وعدم قبول بينته؛ فيرى كل من المالكية، ومتأخري الحنفية، وبعض متأخري الحنابلة، والإباضية، وصوبه ابن القيم، أن من حاز شيئا، وتصرف فيه مدة معينة تصرف المالك في من بناء، أو هدم، أو إجارة، أو عمارة، وهو ينسبه لنفسه، ويضيفه لملكه، وإنسان حاضر يراه، ويشاهد أفعاله، وهو ساكت لا يعارضه، بلا عذر أو مانع من مطالبته، ثم أراد بعد هذه المدة أن يدعيها لنفسه، ويقيم ببينة بذلك، فلا تقبل دعواه، ولا بينته.
وذهب أكثر العلماء من الشافعية، ومتقدمي الحنفية، ومعظم الحنابلة، والظاهرية، إلى القول بعدم إعمال الحيازة الطويلة، فتسمع عندهم دعوى مدعي الملكية، وتقبل بينته ضـد الحائز، مهما طالت مدة حيازته، إذ لا تأثير لمرور الزمن على ذلك، فهو ليس من الأسباب المسقطة للحقوق في الشريعة.
ESTUDO DA VIABILIDADE FINANCEIRA PARA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS EM RESIDÊNCIA UNIFAMILIAR EM GOIANORTE TOCANTINS
Authors: Lourenço Neto Lázaro , Rodrigues Marcelino Emanoela , Cristina Bentes Moreira Karla , Moreno Suarte Júnior Fernando 
Published: September 2023

A implementação de energia solar segue tornando-se mais recorrente a cada ano. O consumidor nota os recorrentes aumentos do valor do kilowatt (kW) na conta de energia. Esse artigo tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento da implementação de módulos fotovoltaicos em uma casa de padrão residencial unifamiliar, no município de Goianorte no estado do Tocantins. Para atender os objetivos foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, que tem como premissa reunir artigos científicos relevantes referentes ao tema, além de um estudo de caso para coleta de informações e comparações. Para atender a narrativa foi realizada uma descrição das principais fontes geradoras de energia e os principais pontos positivos da implementação da energia solar utilizando-se de pesquisas publicadas em periódicos no período entre janeiro e agosto de 2023. Os resultados apontaram que é vantajoso a implementação desse sistema, principalmente quando se trata de um pensamento a longo prazo. A reflexão acerca da poluição e impactos gerados para a geração de energia são de extrema importância. Atualmente é notório alguns desses impactos, o efeito estufa, por exemplo, é gerado pela emissão de gás carbônico na atmosfera. Considerando a temática, este pode ser gerado pela combustão para geração de energia termoelétrica. Por fim, o trabalho apontará um levantamento e meios comparativos sobre a implementação de energia solar em uma residência, onde foram implementadas 13 placas solares, bem como valores de investimento e seu tempo de retorno.
O TABELAMENTO DO DANO EXTRAPATRIMONIAL NAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO SOB A ÓTICA DA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988
Authors: Clayton Leonardo da Silva Paschoa  , Sidnei Alves dos Santos  , Pedro Henrique Brandão Neiva  
Published: September 2023

A implementação da Reforma Trabalhista através da Lei nº 13.467/2017 trouxe uma série significativa de modificações no Decreto-Lei nº 5.452/1943 – Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT). Uma das alterações de maior destaque foi a regulamentação referente ao dano extrapatrimonial, tendo em vista que, anteriormente, esta matéria era regida pela Justiça do Trabalho com base na Lei nº 10.406/2002 – Código Civil. Por meio da inserção do artigo 223-G, § 1º, à CLT, foi estabelecido um conjunto de critérios para a fixação do valor a ser atribuído a título de danos extrapatrimoniais. Além disso, foram definidos limites com base no salário acordado entre as partes. Em virtude disso, o presente artigo científico tem o objetivo de discutir a constitucionalidade do tabelamento do dano extrapatrimonial oriundo das relações de trabalho. Por conseguinte, é essencial realizar breves comentários sobre a Reforma Trabalhista, definir o instituto da reponsabilidade civil, descrever a figura do dano extrapatrimonial, e analisar o tabelamento do dano extrapatrimonial sob a perspectiva do texto constitucional. Esta pesquisa se mostra relevante diante da necessidade de garantir a conformidade do ordenamento jurídico com os preceitos fundamentais, promovendo uma relação trabalhista justa e condizente. Sobre a metodologia, o estudo é caracterizado por uma pesquisa fundamental, a qual possui natureza qualitativa, enquanto a abordagem é marcada pelo método dialético. Quanto à técnica de pesquisa aplicada para a reunião e avaliação de dados, o estudo se limita a uma revisão bibliográfica. Finalmente, concluiu-se que, segundo a jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), o tabelamento de dano extrapatrimonial na CLT não é teto para indenizações, uma vez que tal medida inviabilizaria o magistrado de traduzir, de maneira plena, a dor e o sofrimento causado à vítima, podendo o mesmo aplicar medida superior ao teto estabelecido pela lei trabalhista, além de aplicar supletivamente o Código Civil vigente.
Surgical treatment of low grade lumbar spondylolisthesis
Authors: DOĞU Hüseyin 
Published: September 2023

Background Data: Lumbar spondylolisthesis is a prevalent cause of lower back pain and is a focal interest of spinal surgery. A diverse set of decompression and fusion techniques are used in surgery.

Purpose: To investigate the surgical and clinical outcomes patients with spondylolisthesis who received surgical intervention.

Materials and Methods: Data of 25 patients (15 women; 10 men; mean age, 48.8 ± 12.4 years; range, 27–66 years) with low-grade spondylolisthesis who received surgical intervention were retrospectively analyzed. Posterolateral and posterior interbody fusion was used in 17 and 8 patients, respectively, and 19 received posterior pedicle screws and 6 received only fusion and decompression.
Results: According to the Kirkaldy–Willis criteria, the clinical outcomes of 11 (44%), 9 (36%), 3 (12%), and 2 (8%) patients were rated excellent, good, fair, and poor, respectively, with a success rate of 80%. Furthermore, fusion was observed in 21 patients (84%). Favorable outcomes were achieved in 17 (90%) patients with pedicle screws and in 3 (50%) with only decompression and fusion (p=0.048; p0.05). Two out of three patients with revision surgery had poor clinical outcomes (p=0.091; p
DETERMINATION OF CHANGES IN VITAMIN D, FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN B12 LEVELS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT AFTER SUICIDAL INTERVENTIONS
Authors: GENÇER Tansu , TEKİN Yusuf Kenan , GENÇER Samet Barış 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Depression is a psychological and physiological destruction process. In recent years, it has been one of the leading causes of public health problems in our country and in the world. Patients with depressive mood are at a higher risk compared to the normal population in terms of realizing suicidal ideation. Since the first place of application after a suicide attempt is usually the emergency services, the studies carried out in the ED are extremely important in this sense.
Methods: Data in the study were analyzed using SPSS Data:23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). In the evaluation of the data, the significance test of the difference between the two means (Independent t test) was used when the parametric test assumptions were fulfilled, and the Man Whitney U test was used when the parametric test assumptions were not fulfilled.
Results: In our study, we compared the levels of vitamin D, folic acid and vitamin B12 in patients who applied to the emergency department after a suicide attempt with the normal population. Vitamin D and vitamin B12 levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Our current clinical study supports many studies in the literature, with the detection of low levels of vitamin D and vitamin B12 after the examinations of the patient group who came to the emergency room with a depressive episode and the control group.
Metabolomics identifies and validates serum androstenedione as novel biomarker for diagnosing primary angle closure glaucoma and predicting the visual field progression
Authors: Li Shengjie , Ren Jun , Jiang Zhendong , Qiu Yichao , Shao Mingxi , Li Yingzhu , Wu Jianing , Song Yunxiao , Sun Xinghuai , Gao Shunxiang , Cao Wenjun 
Published: September 2023

Background:Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in Asia, and no reliable, effective diagnostic, and predictive biomarkers are used in clinical routines. A growing body of evidence shows metabolic alterations in patients with glaucoma. We aimed to develop and validate potential metabolite biomarkers to diagnose and predict the visual field progression of PACG.Methods:Here, we used a five-phase (discovery phase, validation phase 1, validation phase 2, supplementary phase, and cohort phase) multicenter (EENT hospital, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital), cross-sectional, prospective cohort study designed to perform widely targeted metabolomics and chemiluminescence immunoassay to determine candidate biomarkers. Five machine learning (random forest, support vector machine, lasso, K-nearest neighbor, and GaussianNaive Bayes [NB]) approaches were used to identify an optimal algorithm. The discrimination ability was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Calibration was assessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow tests and calibration plots.Results:Studied serum samples were collected from 616 participants, and 1464 metabolites were identified. Machine learning algorithm determines that androstenedione exhibited excellent discrimination and acceptable calibration in discriminating PACG across the discovery phase (discovery set 1, AUCs=1.0 [95% CI, 1.00–1.00]; discovery set 2, AUCs = 0.85 [95% CI, 0.80–0.90]) and validation phases (internal validation, AUCs = 0.86 [95% CI, 0.81–0.91]; external validation, AUCs = 0.87 [95% CI, 0.80–0.95]). Androstenedione also exhibited a higher AUC (0.92–0.98) to discriminate the severity of PACG. In the supplemental phase, serum androstenedione levels were consistent with those in aqueous humor (r=0.82, p=0.038) and significantly (p=0.021) decreased after treatment. Further, cohort phase demonstrates that higher baseline androstenedione levels (hazard ratio = 2.71 [95% CI: 1.199–6.104], p=0.017) were associated with faster visual field progression.Conclusions:Our study identifies serum androstenedione as a potential biomarker for diagnosing PACG and indicating visual field progression.Funding:This work was supported by Youth Medical Talents – Clinical Laboratory Practitioner Program (2022-65), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82302582), Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Project (20224Y0317), and Higher Education Industry-Academic-Research Innovation Fund of China (2023JQ006).
DisVar: an R library for identifying variants associated with diseases using large-scale personal genetic information
Authors: Chanasongkhram Khunanon , Damkliang Kasikrit , Sangket Unitsa 
Published: September 2023

Background
Genetic variants may potentially play a contributing factor in the development of diseases. Several genetic disease databases are used in medical research and diagnosis but the web applications used to search these databases for disease-associated variants have limitations. The application may not be able to search for large-scale genetic variants, the results of searches may be difficult to interpret and variants mapped from the latest reference genome (GRCH38/hg38) may not be supported.

Methods
In this study, we developed a novel R library called “DisVar” to identify disease-associated genetic variants in large-scale individual genomic data. This R library is compatible with variants from the latest reference genome version. DisVar uses five databases of disease-associated variants. Over 100 million variants can be simultaneously searched for specific associated diseases.

Results
The package was evaluated using 24 Variant Call Format (VCF) files (215,054 to 11,346,899 sites) from the 1000 Genomes Project. Disease-associated variants were detected in 298,227 hits across all the VCF files, taking a total of 63.58 m to complete. The package was also tested on ClinVar’s VCF file (2,120,558 variants), where 20,657 hits associated with diseases were identified with an estimated elapsed time of 45.98 s.

Conclusions
DisVar can overcome the limitations of existing tools and is a fast and effective diagnostic and preventive tool that identifies disease-associated variations from large-scale genetic variants against the latest reference genome.
Carbon monoxide poisoning: beyond survival - mortality, morbidities, and risk factors, a Turkey sample
Authors: Öz Erdoğan , Küçükkelepçe Osman , Kurt Osman , Vural Aşkı 
Published: September 2023

Background
We aimed to investigate the effect of poisoning on mortality leading to new morbidities in people who survived the poisoning.

Methods
The descriptive-retrospective study evaluated all carbon monoxide poisoning cases between 2012 and 2022 in the Adiyaman. For the fatality, all cases were followed up through Turkey’s death notification system until the end of 2022. One-year health records of cases treated as inpatients in Adiyaman hospitals were analyzed for nine diagnoses. A total of 4,395 carbon monoxide cases, recorded over 11 years, were all noted to be accidental cases.

Results
The rate of carbon monoxide poisoning in Adıyaman was calculated as 63.2 per hundred thousand. A total of 87 (2%) of the cases died. The population’s hospitalization rate was 1.71, while the mortality rate was 1.25 in a hundred thousand. Among the cases, the hospitalization rate was 2.7, and the admission to intensive care rate was 1.7. The fatality rate was 6.5% for those hospitalized and 12.2% for those admitted to the intensive care unit. The highest fatality rate was 65.5% in patients aged 65 and above. One out of five morbidities was developed in 8.4% of cases within one year. The fatality rate of those who developed morbidities (40%) was higher than those who did not (5.5%). Being male posed a 1,886-fold risk for mortality, and each increase in age posed a 1,086-fold risk for mortality.

Conclusion
Individuals who had carbon monoxide poisoning should be followed up closely for one year after poisoning due to the possibility of the emergence of new morbidities that increase the risk of mortality.
O orçamento do PNAES e a “fatia” do esporte e lazer nas universidades federais brasileiras: mais do mesmo!?
Authors: Ferreira Natalia Ingrid de Oliveira , Cintra Renato Fabiano 
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a parcela dos recursos do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil (PNAES) que foram aplicados nas ações de esporte e lazer nas universidades federais brasileiras. Metodologicamente, pautou-se numa pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e bibliográfica. Para tanto, realizou-se a coleta de dados acerca dos recursos do PNAES que foram aplicados em ações de esporte e lazer nas 69 universidades federais brasileiras no período de 2010 (início do PNAES) até 2023. Os principais resultados indicam aplicação dos recursos destinados ao esporte e ao lazer oriundos do PNAES ao longo do período, porém os recursos estão aquém do ideal - principalmente quando se compara com as ações mais fomentadas no rol da assistência estudantil (alimentação, moradia e saúde), o que indica uma ação de segundo plano e subvalorizada. O estudo contribui na análise no que tange à perspectiva dessa política pública, para que esta atinja um número cada vez maior de beneficiários, a fim de produzir resultados satisfatórios a partir dos objetivos a ela destinados. Além disso, propicia reflexões e estímulos à promoção do esporte e lazer nas instituições, para além do processo de bolsificação ou financeiro-material da assistência estudantil. Logo, evidencia a necessidade de investir nas dez ações listadas no PNAES, pois a vulnerabilidade socioeconômica destes estudantes serão minimizadas para além das necessidades primárias.
An Economic Analysis on Marketing of Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Kharwar Rohit , Kumar Amit , Mishra Avinash 
Published: September 2023

The present study aims to present an Economic Analysis on Marketing of Banana in Ghazipur District of Uttar Pradesh, India. It was founded that there are three marketing channels involved in marketing of banana in Ghazipur district of Uttar Pradesh (channe1- Producer-Consumer), (Channel 2- Producer- Commission Agent- Wholesaler- Retailer) and (Channel 3- Producer- Commission Agent- Retailer – Consumer). The majorly preferred marketing channel by respondents in the study area is Channel 3. In channel 1, total marketing cost is Rs. 31, marketing efficiency of channel 1 is 0 and Price spread seen in channel 1 is Rs.31. In channel 2, total marketing cost is Rs.285, marketing efficiency of channel 2 is 3.01 and Price spread seen in channel 2 is Rs.860.00. In channel 3, total marketing cost is Rs. 280, marketing efficiency of channel 3 is 2.69 and Price spread seen in channel 3 is Rs.755.
Water Source Management in the Peri-Urban Area in Subsaharan Africa: Environmental and Health Impacts Assessment in Yaounde-Cameroon
Authors: Mbog Severin Mbog , Ignace Bertrand Epoupa , Uwamungu Jean Yves , Bot Bill Vaneck , Bitondo Dieudonne 
Published: September 2023

This study was carried out in the outskirts of the Yaoundé VII district had the main objective of assessing the social and environmental impacts of water management in the outskirts of Yaoundé VII.
This work was carried out from December 2021 to March 2022, followed by an appropriate methodology to meet the outlined objectives:(1) in-situ evaluation of physicochemical parameters of well water; (2) laboratory studies of groundwater samples for bacteria and heavy metals; and (3) questionnaire surveys to acquire water consumption demographics were all part of our study. It consisted of under taking site visits, take pictures, and make household surveys and direct observations, analysis at several water points.
The results show that the villages in the surrounding area of the district of Yaoundé VII obtain water through alternative resources such as wells at 60 %, sources 30 %, drillings, 7 %, rivers and others at 3 %, due to lack of Camwater network. Analysis at the water points has revealed that the physico-chemical parameters such as COD, BOD5, TSS, NO3, PO3, have average percentages respectively 83 mg/L, 35 mg/L, 14 mg/L, 0,33 mg/l and the biological parameters such as faecal coliforms faecal streptococci and total coliforms have percentages of 329,25 (UFC/100 ml), 115,5(UFC/100 ml), 835 (UFC/100 ml), These parameters in their majority do not meet with the MINEPDED environmental standards. This can be explained due to anthropogenic activities (fields, brick, factories, etc), that impact on the quality of water from different points of water villages covered. However, 10 positive and 02 negative impacts were identified. Alternative water resources in the villages do not meet certain environmental standards and human anthropogenic activities are a source of negative impacts such as poor well maintenance, which can cause many water borne diseases like typhoid fever.
More supply in water like boreholes should be built, or establish the Camwater network for better water management by the populations of the peripheral zone of the district of Yaoundé VII.
Utility of Brain Natriuretic Peptide as a Biomarker for Early Detection of Preeclampsia among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in a Secondary Health Facility in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Atoe K.  , Onovughakpo-Sakpa  O. E.  , Idogun E. S.  , Ande A. B. A.  , Onyeneke E. C.  , Omozuwa E. S.  , Ayinboumwan E.  
Published: September 2023

Aims: The aim was to determine the suitability of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker for early detection of preeclampsia
Study Design: This was a prospective case-control research.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Benin, from November 2014 – December 2017.
Methodology: The study involved 248 women who were organized into two groups; a preeclampsia group and a normotensive, normal pregnant group. Patients with a history of cardiovascular illness, renal disease, diabetes, thyroid disease, hepatic disease, or any other connected conditions, including urinary tract infections, were not eligible. Participants in the study underwent a single antecubital venipuncture, during which 5ml of venous blood was taken using a sterile disposable syringe. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of plasma brain natriuretic peptides.
Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of BNP fluctuated across trimesters, reaching 87.1% in the second and 70.5% in the third (p 0.05). Sensitivity ranged from 80.0% in the second trimester to 79.1% in the third, but was 100% in the postpartum period for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and negative predictive value. Reference values for BNP as a yardstick for questioning preeclampsia were determined to be 395.56 pg/ml at the start of the second trimester and 438.81 pg/ml at the end of the third trimester, with sensitivities and specificities all above 75%.
Conclusion:BNP can be relied upon as a diagnostic biomarker for predicting preeclampsia.