bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airport take‐off and landing optimization through genetic algorithms
Authors: Guedan‐Pecker Fernando , Ramirez‐Atencia Cristian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research addresses the crucial issue of pollution from aircraft operations, focusing on optimizing both gate allocation and runway scheduling simultaneously, a novel approach not previously explored. The study presents an innovative genetic algorithm‐based method for minimizing pollution from fuel combustion during aircraft take‐off and landing at airports. This algorithm uniquely integrates the optimization of both landing gates and take‐off/landing runways, considering the correlation between engine operation time and pollutant levels. The approach employs advanced constraint handling techniques to manage the intricate time and resource limitations inherent in airport operations. Additionally, the study conducts a thorough sensitivity analysis of the model, with a particular emphasis on the mutation factor and the type of penalty function, to fine‐tune the optimization process. This dual‐focus optimization strategy represents a significant advancement in reducing environmental impact in the aviation sector, establishing a new standard for comprehensive and efficient airport operation management.
METTL3 inhibitor STM2457 impairs tumor progression and enhances sensitivity to anlotinib in OSCC
Authors: Liu Lianlian , Zhao Tingting , Zheng Siyi , Tang Dongxiao , Han Hui , Yang Chunlong , Zheng Xin , Wang Juan , Ma Jieyi , Wei Wei , Wang Zhaoyu , He Shuqi , He Qianting 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the inhibitory effects of STM2457, which is a novel METTL3 (m6A writer) inhibitor, both as a monotherapy and in combination with anlotinib, in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) both in vitro and in vivo.Materials and MethodsThe efficacy of STM2457 or STM2457 plus anlotinib was evaluated using two OSCC cell lines by CCK8, transwell, colony formation, would‐healing, sphere formation, cell cycle, apoptosis assays, and nude mice tumor xenograft techniques. The molecular mechanism study was carried out by western blotting, qRT‐PCR, MeRIP‐qPCR, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsSTM2457 combined with anlotinib enhanced inhibition of cellular survival/proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, this combinatorial approach exerted a notable reduction in stemness properties and EMT (epithelial‐mesenchymal transition) features of OSCC cells. Remarkably, in vivo studies validated the efficacy of the combination treatment. Mechanistically, our investigations revealed that the combined action of STM2457 and anlotinib exerted downregulatory effects on EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) expression in OSCC cells.ConclusionsThe combination of STM2457 and anlotinib targeting EGFR exerted a multiple anti‐tumor effect. In near future, anlotinib combined with STM2457 may provide a novel insight for the treatment of OSCC.
Mite allergen sensitization patterns in Turkish children: Age‐related changes and molecular correlations
Authors: Tuten Dal Sevda , Sahiner Umit Murat , Soyer Ozge , Sekerel Bulent Enis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMites are ubiquitous aeroallergens found worldwide. Elucidating individual mite allergen sensitization patterns provides critical insights for managing allergic diseases. This study aimed to investigate molecular allergen (MA) sensitization patterns across different age groups and explore cluster relationships among mite‐sensitized children.MethodsWe analyzed 76 children who exhibited sensitization to at least one of the 17 distinct mite MAs through microarray testing.ResultsDermatophagoides farinae exhibited a slightly higher prevalence of sensitization compared with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Der p 1/2 and Der f 1/2 demonstrated an almost 40% sensitization rate, while Der p 10/Blo t 10, Der p 20, Der p 23, and Gly d 2/Lep d 2 displayed an approximately 20% sensitization rate. Sensitization levels and ratios increased significantly with age for Der p 23 but showed numerical rises for other MAs, except for Der p 10/Blo t 10. The presence of various types of atopic diseases had only a minimal impact on sensitization profiles. Strong correlations emerged between Der f 2 and Der p 2, Der p 10 and Blo t 10, Der p 21 and Blo t 5, as well as Gly d 2 and Lep d 2. Hierarchical cluster analysis substantiated these relationships. Der p 10 and its homolog Blo t 10‐sensitive patients (15/76) were mostly seen as mono sensitization(12/15). Ten patients exhibited monosensitization to Der p 20, suggesting a possible association with scabies infection.ConclusionIn children, mite sensitization diversity and levels increased with age. The presence of significant correlations/cluster relationships among these sensitizations underscores homologies among specific MAs.
Heat stress reduced survival but sped up development in Heliconius erato butterflies
Authors: Huang Yuqian , McPherson Josie , Jiggins Chris D. , Montejo‐Kovacevich Gabriela 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change is thought to present a significant threat to biodiversity, in particular to tropical ectotherms, and the effects of long‐term developmental heat stress on this group have received relatively little research attention. Here, we studied the effects of experimentally raising developmental temperatures on a tropical butterfly. We measured survival, development time, adult body mass and wing size of Heliconius erato demophoon (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) across three temperature treatments. Egg survival was lower in the hotter treatments, with 84%, 73% and 49% of eggs hatching in the 20–30°C (fluctuating temperature with 12 h at 20°C followed by 12 h at 30°C), 23–33°C and 26–36°C treatments, respectively. Larval survival was three times lower in the 26–36°C treatment (8%) compared with the 20–30°C treatment (26%), and we did not detect differences in pupal survival across treatments due to high mortality in earlier stages. Under a moderately increased temperature at 23–33°C, larvae developed faster and adults had a higher body mass and wing loading, but this was not seen in the hottest treatment (26–36°C). Females were also heavier than males in the 23–33°C treatment, but there was no associated increase in wing size. This may suggest a different developmental response to moderately elevated temperatures between the sexes. In summary, high developmental temperatures are particularly lethal for eggs and less so for larvae and also affect adult morphology. This highlights the importance of understanding the effects of temperature variation across ontogeny in tropical ectotherms.
Pregnancy‐associated mortality due to cardiovascular disease: Impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Lee Rachel , Brandt Justin S. , Joseph K. S. , Ananth Cande V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundReported rates of maternal mortality in the United States have been staggeringly high and increasing, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a chief contributor to such deaths. However, the impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) on the short‐term risk of cardiovascular death is not well understood.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between HDP (chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia) and pregnancy‐associated mortality rates (PMR) from all causes, CVD‐related causes both at delivery and within 1 year following delivery.MethodsWe used the Nationwide Readmissions Database (2010–2018) to examine PMRs for females 15–54 years old. International Classification of Disease 9 and 10 diagnosis codes were used to identify pregnancy‐associated deaths due to HDP and CVD. Discrete‐time Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality at delivery (0 days) and at <30, <60, <90, <180, and <365 days after delivery in relation to HDP.ResultsOf 33,417,736 hospital deliveries, the rate of HDP was 11.0% (n = 3,688,967), and the PMR from CVD was 6.4 per 100,000 delivery hospitalisations (n = 2141). Compared with normotensive patients, HRs for CVD‐related PMRs increased with HDP severity, reaching over 58‐fold for eclampsia patients. HRs were higher for stroke‐related (1.2 to 170.9) than heart disease (HD)‐related (0.99 to 39.8) mortality across all HDPs. Except for gestational hypertension, the increased risks of CVD mortality were evident at delivery and persisted 1 year postpartum for all HDPs.ConclusionsHDPs are strong risk factors for pregnancy‐associated mortality due to CVD at delivery and within 1 year postpartum; the risks are stronger for stroke than HD‐related PMR. While absolute PMRs are low, this study supports the importance of extending postpartum care beyond the traditional 42‐day postpartum visit for people whose pregnancies are complicated by hypertension.
Are all hamstring injuries equal? A retrospective analysis of time to return to full training following BAMIC type ‘c’ and T‐junction injuries in professional men's rugby union
Authors: Kerin Fearghal , O'Flanagan Stuart , Coyle Joe , Curley Darragh , Farrell Garreth , Persson Ulrik McCarthy , De Vito Giuseppe , Delahunt Eamonn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe aimed to determine whether the anatomical location (intramuscular tendon or T‐Junction) of hamstring muscle injuries in professional men's rugby union associates with a prolonged time to return to full training and a higher rate of re‐injury/subsequent injury. We reviewed the medical records of an Irish professional rugby union club to identify hamstring muscle injuries incurred across five seasons. Clinicians and players were not blinded to MRI results at the time of rehabilitation. A blinded musculoskeletal radiologist re‐classified all included injuries (n = 91) according to the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification framework. Players who sustained an injury with intramuscular tendon involvement required a longer time to return to full training compared to players who sustained an injury without intramuscular tendon involvement (78 days vs. 24 days). Players who sustained a biceps femoris injury with T‐junction involvement did not require a longer time to return to full training compared to players who sustained a biceps femoris injury without T‐junction involvement (29 days vs. 27 days). Injuries with either intramuscular tendon or T‐junction involvement were not associated with an increased rate of re‐injury/subsequent injury to the same limb (intramuscular tendon involvement – odds ratio = 0.96, T‐junction involvement − odds ratio = 1.03). When a hamstring muscle injury involves the intramuscular tendon, the injured player and stakeholders should be made aware that a longer time to return to full training is likely required. T‐junction involvement does not alter the expected clinical course of biceps femoris injuries.
Evening but not morning aerobic training improves sympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with treated hypertension
Authors: Brito Leandro C. , Azevêdo Luan M. , Amaro‐Vicente Graziela , Costa Luis R. , da Silva Junior Natan D. , Halliwill John R. , Rondon Maria U. P. B. , Forjaz Cláudia L. M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe blood pressure‐lowering effect of aerobic training is preceded by improving cardiovascular autonomic control. We previously demonstrated that aerobic training conducted in the evening (ET) induces a greater decrease in blood pressure than morning training (MT). To study whether the greater blood pressure decrease after ET occurs through better cardiovascular autonomic regulation, this study aimed to compare MT versus ET on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in treated patients with hypertension. Elderly patients treated for hypertension were randomly allocated into MT (n = 12, 07.00–10.00 h) or ET (n = 11, 17.00–20.00 h) groups. Both groups trained for 10 weeks, 3 times/week, cycling for 45 min at moderate intensity. Beat‐to‐beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (electrocardiography) and MSNA (microneurography) were assessed at the initial and final phases of the study at baseline and during sequential bolus infusions of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine (modified‐Oxford technique) to evaluate cardiac and sympathetic BRS. Mean blood pressure decreased significantly after ET but not after MT (−9 ± 11 vs. −1 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.042). MSNA decreased significantly only after ET with no change after MT (−12 ± 5 vs. −3 ± 7 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.013). Sympathetic BRS improved after ET but not after MT (−0.8 ± 0.7 vs. 0.0 ± 0.8 bursts/100 heart beats/mmHg, P = 0.052). Cardiac BRS improved similarly in both groups (ET: +1.7 ± 1.8 vs. MT: +1.4 ± 1.9 ms/mmHg, Pphase ≤ 0.001). In elderly patients treated for hypertension, only ET decreased mean blood pressure and MSNA and improved sympathetic BRS. These findings revealed that the sympathetic nervous system has a key role in ET's superiority to MT in blood pressure‐lowering effect.
imageKey points
Reducing muscle nerve sympathetic activity and increasing sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity plays a key role in promoting the greater blood pressure reduction observed with evening training.
These findings indicated that simply changing the timing of exercise training may offer additional benefits beyond antihypertensive medications, such as protection against sympathetic overdrive and loss of baroreflex sensitivity, independent markers of mortality.
Our new findings also suggest new avenues of investigation, such as the possibility that evening aerobic training may be beneficial in other clinical conditions with sympathetic overdrive, such as congestive heart failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Design of an Environmental Barrier Coating Bond Strength Test Coupon
Authors: Salem Jonathan A. , Mital Subodh K. , Harder Bryan J. , Thompson Aaron C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The bond strength of an environmental barrier coating (EBC) to a substrate such as a silicon carbide fiber/silicon carbide matrix (SiC/SiC) ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is a function of coating application parameters, matrix surface roughness, and environmental exposure, which results in the formation of a thermally grown oxide layer (TGO) layer. Current estimates of the EBC bond strength to a substrate are made assuming that the applied force divided by pull tab area is a representative metric. Although this is an expedient method for rapid strength estimates, the process of bonding the EBC to a pull-tab creates thermo-elastic residual stresses that are superimposed with the applied tensile load. Minimization of these stresses via test specimen design should give the most realistic estimate of EBC bond strength. We examine the residual stresses imposed on the EBC by cooling of an adhesive layer bonded to various metal and ceramic tabs. The results are extended to examine the stress distribution in a TGO layer formed on a Plasma Spray-Physical Vapor Deposited (PS-PVD) Yb2Si2O7 (ytterbium disilicate) EBC. An EBC/substrate coupon that overhangs a titanium or Kovar® pull tab is recommended in order to minimize thermal stresses, avoid edge effects, and provide an acreage strength measurement. The test method is sensitive to changes in substrate surface finish and oxidation time.
Identifying and mathematically modeling the time-course of extracellular metabolic markers associated with resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Tait Jessica R. , Anderson Dovile , Nation Roger L. , Creek Darren J. , Landersdorfer Cornelia B. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Extracellular bacterial metabolites have potential as markers of bacterial growth and resistance emergence but have not been evaluated in dynamic
in vitro
studies. We investigated the dynamic metabolomic footprint of a multidrug-resistant hypermutable
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolate exposed to ceftolozane/tazobactam as continuous infusion (4.5 g/day, 9 g/day) in a hollow-fiber infection model over 7–9 days in biological replicates (
n
= 5). Bacterial samples were collected at 0, 7, 23, 47, 71, 95, 143, 167, 191, and 215 h, the supernatant quenched, and extracellular metabolites extracted. Metabolites were analyzed via untargeted metabolomics, including hierarchical clustering and correlation with quantified total and resistant bacterial populations. The time-courses of five (of 1,921 detected) metabolites from enriched pathways were mathematically modeled. Absorbed
L
-arginine and secreted
L
-ornithine were highly correlated with the total bacterial population (r −0.79 and 0.82, respectively,
P
<0.0001). Ribose-5-phosphate, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, and trehalose-6-phosphate correlated with the resistant subpopulation (0.64, 0.64, and 0.67, respectively,
P
<0.0001) and were likely secreted due to resistant growth overcoming oxidative and osmotic stress induced by ceftolozane/tazobactam. Using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-based transduction models, these metabolites were successfully modeled based on the total or resistant bacterial populations. The models well described the abundance of each metabolite across the differing time-course profiles of biological replicates, based on bacterial killing and, importantly, resistant regrowth. These proof-of-concept studies suggest that further exploration is warranted to determine the generalizability of these findings. The metabolites modeled here are not exclusive to bacteria. Future studies may use this approach to identify bacteria-specific metabolites correlating with resistance, which would ultimately be extremely useful for clinical translation.
Metagenomic exploration of the rhizosphere soil microbial community and their significance in facilitating the development of wild-simulated ginseng
Authors: Huang Jiaquan , Wu Yaxin , Gao Qiandi , Li Xiaojie , Zeng Yunyan , Guo Yipeng , Zhang Heqian , Qin Zhiwei 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Panax ginseng,
a prized medicinal herb, has faced increasingly challenging field production due to soil degradation and fungal diseases in Northeast China. Wild-simulated cultivation has prevailed because of its sustainable soil management and low disease incidence. Despite the recognized benefits of rhizosphere microorganisms in ginseng cultivation, their genomic and functional diversity remain largely unexplored. In this work, we utilized shotgun metagenomic analysis to reveal that Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, and Acidobacteriota were dominant in the ginseng rhizobiome and recovered 14 reliable metagenome-assembled genomes. Functional analysis indicated an enrichment of denitrification-associated genes, potentially contributing to the observed decline in soil fertility, while genes associated with aromatic carbon degradation may be linked to allelochemical degradation. Further analysis demonstrated enrichment of Actinomycetota in 9-year-old wild-simulated ginseng (WSG), suggesting the need for targeted isolation of Actinomycetota bacteria. Among these, at least three different actinomycete strains were found to play a crucial role in fungal disease resistance, with
Streptomyces
spp. WY144 standing out for its production of actinomycin natural products active against the pathogenic fungus
Ilyonectria robusta
. These findings not only enhance our understanding of the rhizobiome of WSG but also present promising avenues for combating detrimental fungal pathogens, underscoring the importance of ginseng in both medicinal and agricultural contexts.

IMPORTANCE

Wild-simulated ginseng, growing naturally without human interference, is influenced by its soil microbiome. Using shotgun metagenomics, we analyzed the rhizospheric soil microbiome of 7- and 9-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. The study aimed to reveal its composition and functions, exploring the microbiome’s key roles in ginseng growth. Enrichment analysis identified Streptomycetes in ginseng soil, with three strains inhibiting plant pathogenic fungi. Notably, one strain produced actinomycins, suppressing the ginseng pathogenic fungus
Ilyonectria robusta
. This research accelerates microbiome application in wild-simulated ginseng cultivation, offering insights into pathogen protection and supporting microbiome utilization in agriculture.
Identification of
Clostridioides difficile
mutants with increased daptomycin resistance
Authors: Zbylicki Brianne R. , Murphy Claire E. , Petsche Jennifer A. , Müh Ute , Dobrila Horia A. , Ho Theresa D. , Daum Mikaela N. , Pannullo Anthony G. , Weiss David S. , Ellermeier Craig D. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic used to treat infections caused by some Gram-positive bacteria. Daptomycin disrupts synthesis of the peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall by inserting into the cytoplasmic membrane and binding multiple forms of the undecaprenyl carrier lipid required for PG synthesis. Membrane insertion requires phosphatidylglycerol, so studies of daptomycin can provide insight into assembly and maintenance of the cytoplasmic membrane. Here, we studied the effects of daptomycin on
Clostridioides difficile
, the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. We observed that growth of
C. difficile
strain R20291 in the presence of sub-MIC levels of daptomycin resulted in a chaining phenotype, minicell formation, and lysis—phenotypes broadly consistent with perturbation of membranes and PG synthesis. We also selected for and characterized eight mutants with elevated daptomycin resistance. The mutations in these mutants were mapped to four genes:
cdsA
(
cdr20291_2041
),
ftsH2
(
cdr20291_3396
),
esrR
(
cdr20291_1187
), and
draS
(
cdr20291_2456
). Of these four genes, only
draS
has been characterized previously. Follow-up studies indicate these mutations confer daptomycin resistance by two general mechanisms: reducing the amount of phosphatidylglycerol in the cytoplasmic membrane (
cdsA
) or altering the regulation of membrane processes (
ftsH2
,
esrR
, and
draS
). Thus, the mutants described here provide insights into phospholipid synthesis and identify signal transduction systems involved in cell envelope biogenesis and stress response in
C. difficile
.

IMPORTANCE

C. difficile
is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea and is a threat to public health due to the risk of recurrent infections. Understanding biosynthesis of the atypical cell envelope of
C. difficile
may provide insight into novel drug targets to selectively inhibit
C. difficile
. Here, we identified mutations that increased daptomycin resistance and allowed us to better understand phospholipid synthesis, cell envelope biogenesis, and stress response in
C. difficile
.
Draft genome sequences of 13 putatively novel
Haemophilus
species and strains assembled from human saliva
Authors: Saito Daniel , Saito Cristiane Pereira Borges , Cannavan Fabiana de Souza , Tsai Siu Mui 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the draft metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of 13
Haemophilus
representatives from human saliva. MAGs were reconstructed by a streamlined pre-assembly mapping approach performed against 9 clinically relevant reference genomes. Overall, genomes belonging to 2 potentially novel
Haemophilus
species and 11 strains were recovered, as determined by genome-wide ANI analysis.