bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domain‐Limited Sub‐Nanometer Co Nanoclusters in Defective Nitrogen Doped Carbon Structures for Non‐Invasive Drug Monitoring
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Tang Juan , Gao Yuan , Wu Di , Chen Shuyun , Zeng Yongyi , Tang Dianping , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this work, sub‐nanometer Co clusters anchored on porous nitrogen‐doped carbon (C─N─Co NCs) are successfully prepared by high‐temperature annealing and pre‐fabricated template strategies for non‐invasive sensing of clozapine (CLZ) as an efficient substrate adsorption and electrocatalyst. The introduction of Co sub‐nanoclusters (Co NCs) provides enhanced electrochemical performance and better substrate adsorption potential compared to porous and nitrogen‐doped carbon structures. Combined with ab initio calculations, it is found that the favorable CLZ catalytic performance with C─N─Co NCs is mainly attributed to possessing a more stable CLZ adsorption structure and lower conversion barriers of CLZ to oxidized state CLZ. An electrochemical sensor for CLZ detection is conceptualized with a wide operating range and high sensitivity, with monitoring capabilities validated in a variety of body fluid environments. Based on the developed CLZ sensing system, the CLZ correlation between blood and saliva and the accuracy of the sensor are investigated by the gold standard method and the rat model of drug administration, paving the way for non‐invasive drug monitoring. This work provides new insights into the development of efficient electrocatalysts to enable drug therapy and administration monitoring in personalized healthcare systems.
Comprehensive Crystal Regulation Reduces Interfacial Energy Loss for Efficient Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Tang Ying‐Yi , Shen Yang , Yu Yi , Zhang Kai , Wang Bing‐Feng , Tang Jian‐Xin , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAs an essential component of future full‐color displays, blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) still lag far behind the red and green counterparts in the device performances. In the mainstream quasi‐2D blue perovskite system, trap‐mediated nonradiative loss, low energy transfer efficiency, and interface fluorescence quenching remain significant challenges. Herein, guanidinium thiocyanate (GASCN) and potassium cinnamate (PCA) are respectively introduced into the hole transport layer (HTL) and the perovskite precursor to achieve a dense and uniform perovskite thin film with greatly improved optoelectronic properties. Therefore, adequate GA+ acts as pre‐nucleation sites on the HTL surface, regulating crystallization through strong hydrogen bonding with perovskite intermediates. The realized polydisperse domain distribution is conducive to cascade energy transfer, and the improved hole transport ability alleviates interface fluorescence quenching. In addition, the SCN− and CA− groups can form coordination bonds with the defects at the buried perovskite interface and grain boundaries, respectively, which effectively suppresses the detrimental nonradiative recombination. Benefitting from the comprehensive crystal regulation, blue PeLEDs featuring stable emission at 484 and 468 nm exhibit improved external quantum efficiencies of 11.5% and 4.3%, respectively.
Facilitation of Fenton‐Like Reaction of Copper‐Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon‐Based Nanocatalysts by Enhancing Hydroxyl Adsorption on Single‐Atom Cu‐NxC4‐x Sites
Authors: Huang Jian , Gao Fucheng , Liu Qingshui , Gong Pengyu , Li Hui , Jiang Yanyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCopper‐nitrogen‐doped carbon‐based nanocatalysts (Cu‐NCs), containing atomically dispersed Cu‐NxC4‐x sites, are efficient in boosting the Fenton‐like reaction. However, the mechanisms of the Fenton‐like reaction, including the pH effect on the products and the effect of the coordination environment on catalytic activity, remain controversial, restricting the development of Cu‐NCs. Cu‐NCs are experimentally synthesized with Cu‐N4 sites and prove that the Fenton‐like reaction generates mainly hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the acidic but ·OH and superoxide radicals (·O2−) in the neutral. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the catalytic activity of Cu‐NCs in the Fenton‐like reaction is associated with the adsorption strength of ·OH at the Cu site. Further investigation of the effect of the coordination environment of Cu‐NCs indicates that the Cu‐N2C2 site, which can enhance the ·OH adsorption strength, is an ideal catalyst site for the Fenton‐like reaction. These results open the way to facilitating the catalytic activity of Cu‐NCs in the Fenton‐like reaction.
Advanced Nanomaterials in Medical 3D Printing
Authors: Liu Haofan , He Liming , Kuzmanović Maja , Huang Yiting , Zhang Li , Zhang Yi , Zhu Qi , Ren Ya , Dong Yinchu , Cardon Ludwig , Gou Maling 
Published: November 2023

Abstract3D printing is now recognized as a significant tool for medical research and clinical practice, leading to the emergence of medical 3D printing technology. It is essential to improve the properties of 3D‐printed products to meet the demand for medical use. The core of generating qualified 3D printing products is to develop advanced materials and processes. Taking advantage of nanomaterials with tunable and distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties, integrating nanotechnology into 3D printing creates new opportunities for advancing medical 3D printing field. Recently, some attempts are made to improve medical 3D printing through nanotechnology, providing new insights into developing advanced medical 3D printing technology. With high‐resolution 3D printing technology, nano‐structures can be directly fabricated for medical applications. Incorporating nanomaterials into the 3D printing material system can improve the properties of the 3D‐printed medical products. At the same time, nanomaterials can be used to expand novel medical 3D printing technologies. This review introduced the strategies and progresses of improving medical 3D printing through nanotechnology and discussed challenges in clinical translation.
Automated Laboratory Kilogram‐Scale Graphene Production from Coal
Authors: Eddy Lucas , Luong Duy Xuan , Beckham Jacob L. , Wyss Kevin M. , Cooksey Tyler J. , Scotland Phelecia , Choi Chi Hun , Chen Weiyin , Advincula Paul A. , Zhang Zhiyong , Mancevski Vladimir , Kittrell Carter , Han Yimo , Tour James M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe flash Joule heating (FJH) method converts many carbon feedstocks into graphene in milliseconds to seconds using an electrical pulse. This opens an opportunity for processing low or negative value resources, such as coal and plastic waste, into high value graphene. Here, a lab‐scale automation FJH system that allows the synthesis of 1.1 kg of turbostratic flash graphene from coal‐based metallurgical coke (MC) in 1.5 h is demonstrated. The process is based on the automated conversion of 5.7 g of MC per batch using an electrical pulse width modulation system to conduct the bottom‐up upcycle of MC into flash graphene. This study then compare this method to two other scalable graphene synthesis techniques by both a life cycle assessment and a technoeconomic assessment.
The Recent Progress of Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts Used at Fuel Cell Level
Authors: Li Jin‐Rong , Liu Ming‐Xu , Liu Xia , Yu Xiang‐Hui , Li Qin‐Zhu , Sun Qi , Sun Tong , Cao Shuang , Hou Chun‐Chao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are gaining significant interest as an attractive substitute for traditional fuel cells, with higher energy density, lower environmental pollution, and better operation efficiency. However, the cathode reaction, i.e., the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), is widely proved to be inefficient, and therefore an obstacle to the widespread development of PEMFCs. The requirement for affordable highly‐efficient ORR catalysts is extremely urgent to be met, especially at fuel cell level. Unfortunately, most previous reports focus on the ORR performance at rotating disk electrodes (RDE) level instead of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) level, making it harder to evaluate ORR catalysts operating under real vehicle conditions. Obviously, it is extremely necessary to develop an in‐depth understanding of the structure‐activity relationship of highly‐efficient ORR catalysts applied at MEA level. In this work, an overview of the latest advances in ORR catalysts is provided with an emphasis on their performance at MEA level, hoping to cover the novel and systemic insights for innovative and efficient ORR catalyst design and applications in PEMFCs.
Tensor‐based gated graph neural network for automatic vulnerability detection in source code
Authors: Yang Jia , Ruan Ou , Zhang JiXin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe rapid expansion of smart devices leads to the increasing demand for vulnerability detection in the cyber security field. Writing secure source codes is crucial to protect applications and software. Recent vulnerability detection methods are mainly using machine learning and deep learning. However, there are still some challenges, how to learn accurate source code semantic embedding at the function level, how to effectively perform vulnerability detection using the learned semantic embedding of source code and how to solve the overfitting problem of learning‐based models. In this paper, we consider codes as various graphs with node features and propose a tensor‐based gated graph neural network called TensorGNN to produce code embedding for function‐level vulnerability detection. First, we propose a high‐dimensional tensor for combining different code graph representations. Second, inspired by the work of tensor technology, we propose the TensorGNN model to produce accurate code representations using the graph tensor. We evaluate our model on 7 C and C++ large open‐source code corpus (e.g. SARD&NVD, Debian, SATE IV, FFmpeg, libpng&LibTiff, Wireshark and Github datasets), which contains 13 types of vulnerabilities. Our TensorGNN model improves on existing state‐of‐the‐art works by 10%–30% on average in terms of vulnerability detection accuracy and F1, while our TensorGNN model needs less training time and model parameters. Specifically, compared with other existing works, our model reduces 25–47 times of the number of parameters and decreases 3–10 times of training time. Results of evaluations show that TensorGNN has better performance while using fewer training parameters and less training time.
Experimental study on mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete with polypropylene fiber under combined compression‐shear loading
Authors: Liu Zhihua , Chen Yuliang , Shen Jianzeng , Zheng Wenjing , Luo Zhen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo investigate the mechanical properties of polypropylene fiber recycled aggregate concrete (PPFRAC) under compression‐shear, 69 recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) specimens were tested with the parameters of polypropylene (PP) fiber volume content (0, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 kg/m3), recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement rate (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%), and normal stress (0, 3, and 6 MPa). In the tests, the failure pattern of the specimens was observed, and the effects of the polypropylene fiber content on the direct shear stress, compression‐shear stress, initial shear stiffness, and shear ductility coefficient of the PPFRAC were thoroughly investigated. The results show that as the polypropylene fiber content increases, the direct shear stress of concrete (Natural aggregate concrete and 100% recycled coarse aggregate concrete [100%RCA]) first increases and then decreases gradually. Meanwhile, the best PP fiber content is 0.9 kg/m3 in this study. Furthermore, the compression‐shear stress‐displacement curves of specimens were obtained. The compression‐shear strength under normal stress at 6 MPa is approximately 230% greater than at 0 MPa. However, the peak shear stress of concrete is almost not affected by the replacement rate of RCA. Finally, based on the Mohr circle theory, the compression‐shear calculation model of PPFRAC is verified, and the optimal calculation formula is given.
Rocket blast resistance of the fully demountable high performance FRC tongue and groove blocks
Authors: Bozkurt Hasan Basri , Genç Oğuz Kağan , Anil Özgür , Şahmaran Mustafa , Bayer İsmail Raci 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWithin the scope of this study, the design and testing of a fully demountable high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (FRC) barriers with high resistance to sudden dynamic explosion and impact loadings is investigated. In order to solve such an engineering problem, a special FRC “tongue and groove” blocks are designed in a way that could be constructed by two persons to form barriers of various shapes and sizes by combining them easily. The structures produced with these blocks were produced using a hybrid, special FRC mixture in order to resist various bullets, rocket launchers, and explosion effects to protect the person behind them. Within the scope of this study, the resistance of five different special FRC mixtures with different properties against sudden dynamic blasting effects was determined by comparing and interpreting the acceleration‐time and strain‐time measurements taken from the wall directly. The results obtained from the dynamic blasting tests carried out in the field were compared with the results of the numerical analysis performed using the Ls‐Dyna finite element software. As a result of the study, the barrier structure produced with special FRC, in which hybrid nylon and steel fibers are used as reinforcement, exhibited the most successful results for absorbing the energy caused by the rocket blast loadings.
Balkan‐Anatolian biogeographic links and the evolutionary significance of Anatolian mountains, as evidenced by Cardamine (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Kantor Adam , Šlenker Marek , Kučera Jaromír , Marhold Karol , Dönmez Ali A. , Yüzbaşıoğlu Sırrı , Zozomová‐Lihová Judita 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnatolia is a significant centre of biodiversity and endemism with diversity hotspots located mainly in mountain ranges. Its complex geological history and heterogeneous topography have generated natural barriers to gene flow that favour speciation, and migration corridors that accentuate its transitional biogeographic position. While more attention has been paid to the predominant Irano‐Turanian and Mediterranean xerophytic elements, the evolution of species adapted to wet habitats with limited occurrence is understudied in this area. Here, we investigated Cardamine representatives in northern Anatolia with the aims of resolving the taxonomically uncertain populations previously assigned to either C. uliginosa or C. tenera from northwestern Anatolia (Uludağ,) and elucidating the genetic structure of (sub)alpine C. uliginosa recorded mainly from the North Anatolian Mts. (Pontic Mts.). Using a combination of phylogenomic (Hyb‐Seq), morphometric, and flow cytometric analyses, we support a distinct position of the northwestern Anatolian populations, described here as a new species Cardamine anatolica. Apart from Uludağ, a few other sites were found in the montane to subalpine belts in the Marmara and Aegean regions. A sister phylogenetic position of C. anatolica to C. acris, a widespread and polymorphic Balkan species, supports the existence of biogeographic links between these areas and suggests a vicariance scenario. We revealed a pronounced intraspecific diversification of C. uliginosa with geographic structuring and admixture in the Pontic Mts., which highlights this area as a significant hotspot of biodiversity not only at the species level but also at the level of genetic variation. Due to the common misinterpretation of the species treated here, we revise their distributional data, provide details on their morphological differentiation, and present an identification key. The study highlights the evolutionary importance of Anatolian mountains, which promote speciation, favour accumulation of diversity, and serve as a meeting place of colonization routes.
A phylogeny of Cereus (Cactaceae) and the placement and description of two new species
Authors: Taylor Nigel P. , Zappi Daniela C. , Romeiro‐Brito Monique , Telhe Milena C. , Franco Fernando F. , Moraes Evandro M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA new study of the phylogeny of Cereus investigates generic monophyly and previous subgeneric classification. A coalescent approach was used to assess phylogenetic relationships among Cereus species based on nuclear orthologous genes captured by the Cactaceae591 probe set. The analysis included two unusual new taxa from eastern and northern Brazil to ascertain their position within the genus. Amongst the additional taxa, one was found to be early derived to the Atlantic Forest and coastal Cereus species and is described as C. ingens. Its imposing habit, considerably broader flower, yellow fruits and large seeds differentiate it from other Cereus species, and its inland agreste forest habitat in Minas Gerais and Bahia leads it to be categorized as Endangered, as little remains of this vegetation type. A second new species, C. gerardi, is described from the state of Tocantins (northern Brazil). Vegetatively this taxon is remarkable for resembling members of Pilosocereus, but has typical Cereus flowers, matching those of the type of the genus, C. hexagonus. The definition and relationships of the genus within the tribe Cereeae were made more evident, partly recovering three of the four pre‐existing subgenera.
Recent Development of Electrolytes for Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries (Aorfbs): Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects
Authors: Mansha Muhammad , Ayub Asif , Khan Ibad Ali , Ali Shahid , Alzahrani Atif Saeed , Khan Majad , Arshad Muhammad , Rauf Abdul , Akram Khan Safyan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn recent years, aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) have attracted considerable attention due to advancements in grid‐level energy storage capacity research. These batteries offer remarkable benefits, including outstanding capacity retention, excellent cell performance, high energy density, and cost‐effectiveness. The organic electrolytes in AORFBs exhibit adjustable redox potentials and tunable solubilities in water. Previously, various types of organic electrolytes, such as quinones, organometallic complexes, viologens, redox‐active polymers, and organic salts, were extensively investigated for their electrochemical performance and stability. This study presents an overview of recently published novel organic electrolytes for AORFBs in acidic, alkaline, and neutral environments. Furthermore, it delves into the current status, challenges, and prospects of AORFBs, highlighting different strategies to overcome these challenges, with special emphasis placed on their design, composition, functionalities, and cost. A brief techno‐economic analysis of various aqueous RFBs is also outlined, considering their potential scalability and integration with renewable energy systems.
Evodiamine attenuates oxidative stress and ferroptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling to improve bortezomib‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity
Authors: Tang Yunlong , Gu Weiying , Cheng Lingling 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundBortezomib (BTZ) is a commonly used antitumor drug, but its peripheral neuropathy side effect poses a limitation on its dosage. Evodiamine (EVO) exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer effects. The purpose of this investigation is to confirm the impact of EVO on BTZ‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity.MethodsGeneCards and HERB were applied to analyze the targets of peripheral neurotoxicity and EVO. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analysis of the hub genes were identified by DAVID. Rat dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) and rat RSC96 Schwann cells (SCs) were treated with BTZ to simulate peripheral neurotoxicity. BTZ‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity was assessed by detecting cell viability, proliferation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in DRGs and SCs. The mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling was scrutinized by Western blot assay.ResultsThe Venn diagram for the overlapping targets of EVO and peripheral neurotoxicity showed that EVO might regulate peripheral neurotoxicity by influencing cell oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and MAPK signaling pathway. EVO attenuated BTZ‐induced toxicity in DRGs and SCs. EVO attenuated BTZ‐induced oxidative stress damage in DRGs and SCs by reducing reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels and enhancing glutathione level. EVO attenuated BTZ‐induced ferroptosis in DRGs and SCs. EVO inhibited BTZ‐induced activation of the MAPK signaling in DRGs and SCs. Activation of the MAPK signaling reversed the neuroprotective effect of EVO on BTZ‐induced oxidative stress injury and ferroptosis.ConclusionEVO attenuated oxidative stress and ferroptosis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling to improve BTZ‐induced peripheral neurotoxicity.
No evidence of association between inherited thrombophilia and increased risk of liver fibrosis
Authors: Ezcurra Iranzu , Puente Ángela , Cuadrado Antonio , Tamayo Ibai , Iruzubieta Paula , Arias‐Loste María Teresa , González Francisco José , Pellón Raúl , Sánchez Sara , Crespo Juan , Acebo Mercedes , López‐Hoyos Marcos , Pérez Rocío , Cuesta Amalia , Antón Ángela , Echavarría Víctor , Fábrega Emilio , Crespo Javier , Fortea Jose Ignacio 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary evidence suggests that inherited hypercoagulable disorders can lead to an increased risk of significant liver fibrosis.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of significant fibrosis in patients with inherited thrombophilia, assessed by using liver stiffness (LS), and to compare this prevalence to that found in a large population‐based cohort from the same region.MethodsThis was a single‐center, cross‐sectional study. A complete laboratory analysis for liver disease, LS by transient elastography and an abdominal ultrasound were performed in patients with inherited thrombophilia diagnosed between May 2013‐February 2017. These patients were propensity score matched (ratio 1:4) with a population‐based cohort from the same region (PREVHEP‐ETHON study; NCT02749864; N = 5988).ResultsOf 241 patients with inherited thrombophilia, eight patients (3.3%) had significant fibrosis (LS ≥8 kPa). All of them had risk factors for liver disease and met diagnostic criteria for different liver diseases. After matching 221 patients with thrombophilia with 884 patients of the PREVHEP‐ETHON cohort, the prevalence of significant fibrosis was similar between both cohorts (1.8% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.488). Multivariate analysis showed that age and liver disease risk factors, but not belonging to the thrombophilia cohort, were associated with the presence of significant fibrosis. The magnitude of the increased risk of significant fibrosis in patients with risk factors for liver disease was also similar in both cohorts.ConclusionsOur findings do not provide evidence supporting an association between inherited thrombophilia and an increased risk of significant liver fibrosis, independent of the presence of liver‐related causes of fibrosis.