bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle cranial fossa non-cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas: 20 years of experience
Authors: Su Xin , Song Zihao , Tu Tianqi , Ye Ming , Ma Yongjie , Zhang Hongqi , Zhang Peng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-cavernous sinus (CS) dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) involving the sphenoid bone are rare entities that are easily confused with one another due to the complex structure and high variability of the venous system around the middle cranial fossa.
Methods
We present a large retrospective study on middle cranial fossa non-CS DAVFs and review the literature on DAVF treatment in this location as well as relative anatomy.
Results
15 patients had DAVFs involving the lesser sphenoid wing and 11 patients had DAVFs involving the greater sphenoid wing. Six patients presented with intracranial hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage (23.1%, 6/26). The most common symptoms were eye symptoms (38.5%, 10/26). 19 patients were treated with trans-arterial embolization (TAE) using liquid embolic agents and two patients were treated with transvenous embolization (TVE) using Onyx or in combination with coils. Surgical disconnection of the drainage veins was performed in five patients, with three cases experiencing unsuccessful TAE. Anatomic cure was achieved in 92.3% of the patients (24/26). 12 patients had DSA and clinical follow-up from 3 months to 27 months. There was one recurrence (8.3%) of the fistula in the patient two months after the initial complete occlusion.
Conclusions
The majority of patients can be cured endovascularly. Laterocavernous sinus DAVFs may not be embolized by transvenous approach via the cavernous sinus because there is often no connection between them in most patients. A small percentage of patients may require surgical ligation to be cured.
Longitudinal BMI change and Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Taeyun , Shin Sun Hye , Kim Hyunsoo , Im Yunjoo , Cho Juhee , Kang Danbee , Park Hye Yun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Littie is known about the association between longitudinal body mass index (BMI) change and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 116,463 COPD patients aged ≥ 40, with at least one health examination 2 years before and 3 years after COPD diagnosis (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019). The main exposure was a BMI percentage change. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was initial severe exacerbation.
Results
BMI decreased > 5% in 14,728 (12.6%), 80,689 (69.2%) maintained BMI, and 21,046 (18.1%) increased BMI > 5% after COPD diagnosis. Compared to maintenance group, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for all-cause mortality was 1.70 in BMI decrease group (95% CI:1.61, 1.79) and 1.13 in BMI increase group (95% CI:1.07, 1.20). In subgroup analysis, longitudinal decrease in BMI showed a stronger effect on mortality as baseline BMI was lower, while an increase in BMI was related to an increase in mortality only in obese COPD patients with aHRs of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.36). The aHRs for the risk of severe exacerbation (BMI decrease group and increase group vs. maintenance group) were 1.30 (95% CI:1.24, 1.35) and 1.12 (95% CI:1.07, 1.16), respectively.
Conclusions
A decrease in BMI over time was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and severe exacerbation in a dose-dependent manner in patients with COPD. This was most significant in underweight patients. Regular monitoring for weight loss might be an important component for COPD management.
Silicone Auricular Prosthesis Rehabilitation Anchored on Extraoral Implants Using 3d Digital Workflow: a Case Report
Authors: Birnfeld Heitor Ribeiro , Choer Ana Moraes Furst , Freddo Angelo Luiz , Stelter Grazielle Oliveira , Corsetti Adriana 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE
The maxillofacial prosthesis can be a valuable way to rehabilitate lost facial structures, such as the absence of the outer ear due to congenital anomalies. We report a case of reconstruction of the outer ear in a patient with microtia grade III using an auricular prosthesis anchored on extraoral osseointegrated implants through a 3D digital workflow.
METHODS
The patient was evaluated by the oral surgery team and referred to the maxillofacial prosthesis service for auricular rehabilitation with a silicone prosthesis anchored on extraoral implants through a 3D digital workflow using a bar-clip system for retention.
RESULTS
The patient remains under follow-up, and there are no complaints related to the use of the prosthesis. After 3 years, no changes were observed in the color of the auricular prosthesis or the stability of the implants.
CONCLUSION
Auricular prostheses are an excellent alternative in the rehabilitation of patients with facial deformities. They offer safety in use due to their strong retention, as well as favorable aesthetics. Advances in technology provide better and predictable results in rehabilitation with auricular prostheses anchored on extraoral implants. Digital planning is an innovative approach in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery that uses advanced technologies for the planning, simulation, and execution of dental or craniofacial implant procedures.
Prediction of rock tensile-shear fracture propagation and crack interaction
Authors: Li Mingliang , Li Kegang , Qin Qingci , Wu Shunchuan , Yue Rui , Zhang Xuepeng 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The interaction and influence between various rock cracks (unequal and noncolinear) are the root cause of fracture in natural rock bodies. In this study, to analyze the interaction law of such cracks, elastic mechanics and the principle of distributed dislocation were superimposed to calculate the mechanical parameters and expressions of the tip stress intensity factor (SIF) and equivalent SIF of two tensile-shear cracks subjected to far-field force. The effects of secondary crack characteristics on the interactions of SIFs at the main crack tip were theoretically analyzed. Then, a secondary crack inclination angle prediction model was established based on the PSO-LSTM theory. The calculated SIF was found to be consistent with the results of the classical Kachanov method and SIF handbook, which further verified the correctness of the derived expression. The results of this study can provide theoretical guidance for evaluating the stability of underground rock excavation projects.
Dynamic Evolution Mechanism of Dual-Channel Supply Chain for Green Products Based on Equilibrium Price
Authors: Zhao hua , Feng Yu , Li Ping , Wu Zhuoran 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
With the growing emphasis on environmental sustainability and heightened market competition, the development and sale of green products have assumed a pivotal role in the operations of manufacturers. However, due to the constraints of bounded rationality within firms, the issue of dynamic pricing may rise. In light of this context, this paper employs a dual-channel framework to investigate the manufacturer’s green product development and pricing problem over a continuous timeframe. In this framework, the manufacturer markets traditional products through offline retailers while simultaneously launching green products via an online platform. In recognition of the practicality of multi-period operations, we also take online delay time lag, price adjustment speed, green input level, and consumer channel loyalty into account and explore their impacts on the equilibrium price of the dual-channel supply chain of green products. Utilizing the eigenvalue method, we delve into the dynamic pricing game and ascertain the existence of the unique Nash equilibrium point. Our research establishes critical thresholds for delay time lags and green inputs. Beyond these thresholds, equilibrium destabilizes, resulting in price unpredictability. Furthermore, we identify a crucial maximum for the rate at which manufacturers modify prices for green products in online markets. If this adjustment rate falls below the threshold, the system maintains stability. Additionally, both the extent of green inputs and the customer channel loyalty of manufacturers significantly impact both equilibrium stability and the resulting price within the system.
Spatial health risk assessments of nickel in the groundwater (qanat) of a mining-impacted area: Unveiling hidden treats to vulnerable consumers
Authors: Salehi Fatemeh , Esmaeilbeigi Milad , Kazemi Ali , Sharafi Saeed , Sahebi Zahra , Asl Ali Ghanavati 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This study examined the health risk associated with nickel (Ni) in the groundwater (qanat) of South Khorasan, Eastern Iran. A total of 110 stations were included in the study, comprising 62 wells, 40 qanats, and 8 springs in the summer of 2020. Initially, the collected samples were tested for temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). Subsequently, the samples were filtered and treated with nitric acid (HNO3) to measure the concentration of Ni using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Hazard quotient (HQ) and non-carcinogenic risk assessments were employed to evaluate the potential risks of Ni to the inhabitants. The findings revealed that the concentration of Ni ranged from 0.02 to 132.39 µg l− 1, and only two stations exhibited Ni concentrations above the WHO standards (20 µg l− 1). The results demonstrated that 98.21% of the sampled locations had HQ values below one, indicating negligible risk, while 1.78% of the stations exhibited HQ values of one or higher, representing a high non-carcinogenic risk for water consumers. Overall, the concentration of nickel in the groundwater of South Khorasan exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) limit solely in the Halvan station, posing a non-carcinogenic risk for the residents in that area, and therefore, additional efforts should be made to provide healthier groundwater to consumers in this region.
The effect of digital finance on wage inequality: Evidence from manufacturing firms in China
Authors: Liu Peisen , Chen Shiqi 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Reducing wage gap is crucial to reducing income inequality and promoting economic growth. This study examines the impact of digital finance on wage inequality using national panel data of 273,635 manufacturing firms in China from 2011 to 2015. Findings show that digital finance increases wage inequality, with the highest positive effect observed for the depth of digital finance usage, followed by digital finance coverage, and the lowest effect seen for digitalization in inclusive finance. The robustness and endogeneity tests confirm these findings. Digital finance contributes to wage inequality by alleviating financing constraints. The effect of digital finance on wage inequality varies by firm size, age and ownership. Digital finance has a negative effect on disadvantaged groups in the financial market and exacerbates financial exclusion for small, new, and private firms, leading to wage inequality. Specifically, the positive effect of digital finance on wage inequality is stronger for large firms than for small and medium-sized (SMEs), and old firms than for new firms and foreign firms than for private firms. However, digital finance has no effect on wage inequality in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This study provides evidence on how optimising digital finance can help narrow income inequality and promote economic growth.
JEL classification: D82, O38, J31
Gastrodenol suppresses NLRP3/GSDMD mediated pyroptosis and ameliorates inflammatory diseases
Authors: Wang Yunshu , Chen Peipei , Ji Sen-lin , Wang Jing , Liu Zhuo , Wang Tingting , Xu Yun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory programmed cell death, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This process is primarily mediated by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3). Gastrodenol (Bismuth tripotassium dicitrate, GAS) is a mineral compound which is used to treat duodenal and gastric ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori. In this study, GAS was found to exhibit protective effects against classical pyroptosis in macrophages. Specifically, GAS effectively inhibits the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, GAS inhibited NLRP3 oligomerization and reduced the oligomerization of adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain (ASC). In mouse models, GAS treatment demonstrated remarkable attenuation of pyroptosis-mediated inflammatory diseases, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic mice, and monosodium urate (MSU)-induced peritonitis. These findings collectively establish GAS as a potent inhibitor of pyroptosis and propose a novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of NLRP3-GSDMD mediated diseases.
Enhancing Persian Text Summarization Using the mT5 Transformer Model:A Three-Phased Fine-Tuning Approach and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Abadi Vahid Nejad Mahmood , Ghasemian Fahimeh 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In the contemporary era, grappling with the vast expanse of big data presents a formidable obstacle, particularly when it comes to extracting vital information from extensive textual sources. The constant influx of news articles from various agencies necessitates an enormous amount of time to digest comprehensively. A viable solution to address this challenge lies in the realm of automatic text summarization, which is a pivotal and intricate endeavor within the field of natural language processing. Text summarization involves transforming pertinent textual content into a concise format that reduces its word count without compromising its underlying meaning. In recent years, transformers have emerged as a prominent force in the landscape of natural language processing, particularly in the realm of text summarization. This research endeavors to harness the power of transformers by training the mT5-base model on a three-step fine-tuning phase on Persian news articles. Subsequently, reinforcement learning via the PPO algorithm is integrated with the fine-tuned model. Finally, we evaluate the model's performance in summarizing Persian texts, shedding light on its efficacy in addressing the formidable task of distilling meaningful insights from a sea of textual data. Our model has set a new benchmark in the field of Persian text summarization, achieving outstanding ROUGE scores of 53.17 for ROUGE-1, 37.12 for ROUGE-2, and 44.13 for ROUGE-L. These remarkable results reflect a significant advancement in the quality of Persian text summarization, signaling a promising era of more refined and context-aware summaries.
A robust four CpGs-based prognostic risk score model predicts survival and guides therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shen Si , Ning Bo , Bai Jin , Yuan Qing , Wang JinHao , Wang Meng , Wang Quannian , Liu Ying , Dong Qingyang , Zhang Pengcheng , Wang Xinxing , Chen Gang , Cao Yang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Accurate prognostic prediction in Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients remains challenging owing to its heterogeneity and intra- and inter-pathological variability. Numerous prognostic models for HNSCC have been developed; however, they have limited prediction performances. Moreover, DNA methylation (DNAm) plays important roles in the regulation of gene expression and abnormal DNAm is a hallmark of cancers.
Methods
Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC dataset, we first identified CpGs associated with overall survival (OS) by differential analysis followed by univariate Cox regression analysis. Then, candidate prognostic CpGs that regulate gene expression directly and indirectly by modulating TF activity were determined using a linear regression model or MethReg integrative analysis. Finally, Lasso penalized Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to screen prognostic CpGs and construct the FCPRscore model. Kaplan–Meier curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), and nomogram were applied to assess the prognostic value of FCPRscore. Moreover, the performance of FCPRscore was compared with nine existing models and validated in an external dataset consisting of three cohorts. The potential utility of FCPRscore for guiding therapy was also investigated.
Results
The FCPRscore based on four CpGs (cg02409878, cg01984743, cg23867673, and cg01995815) was constructed and can stratify patients into two risk subgroups with significantly different OS. The FCPRscore showed good generalizability on the independent validation dataset, and achieved better performance compared with nine existing RNA/DNAm-based prognostic models. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the FCPRscore is an independent prognostic factor and can enhance the predictive power of established clinical predictors, such as TNM stage. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and other molecular characteristics were significantly distinct between risk subgroups, and the low-risk group showed a more immune-active TME compared with the high-risk group. Moreover, the low-risk group may be more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, while the high-risk group benefited more from chemotherapy.
Conclusions
Our study proposed a robust prognostic model of HNSCC, FCPRscore, which could serve a prognostic factor and a promising tool to guide therapy decisions for patients with HNSCC.
Comparison of the intubation time between McGRATHTM MAC size 1 and size 2 blades for infants: an observational study
Authors: Uchinami Yuka , Fujita Noriaki , Mizunoya Kazuyuki , Yokota Isao , Morimoto Yuji 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether the McGRATHTM MAC size 1 blade, which has become available in recent years, reduced the tracheal intubation time in infants compared to that of the McGRATHTM MAC size 2 blade.
Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study included patients aged < 1 y who underwent cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. Cases in which the McGRATHTM MAC size 2 blade was used were classified as MAC2 and those in which the McGRATHTM MAC size 1 blade was used as MAC1. The primary endpoint was the difference in time required for tracheal intubation. The results were adjusted for confounding factors (patient weight, career of intubation provider, and risk of difficult tracheal intubation). Other variables included the first successful tracheal intubation rate, number of tracheal intubations, Cormack classification, and adverse events during tracheal intubation.
Results: In total, 94 patients met the inclusion criteria, 26 met the exclusion criteria¸ thus 68 patients were analyzed. The median time to tracheal intubation was significantly shorter for MAC1 than for MAC2. (23.5 s vs. 27.0 s; hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.08, 2.95). The adjusted time to tracheal intubation was also significantly shorter in the MAC1 group than in the MAC2 group (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.00, 2.89). No secondary endpoint showed significant differences.
Conclusions: For tracheal intubation in cardiac surgery in infants, using the McGRATHTM MAC size 1 blade may reduce the tracheal intubation time compared to the McGRATHTM MAC size 2 blade.
The Efficacy of Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (MICS CABG) for Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases and Diabetes: A Single Center Retrospective Study
Authors: ZHAO Guangxin , CHI Liqun , LIANG Lin , LIU Jiaji , MA Xiaolong , ZHANG Yuxiao , Qiuyue HUANG , KONG Qingyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CCABG) tends to cause severe complications in patients with comorbid Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD) and diabetes. On the other hand, the Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (MICS CABG) via transthoracic incision is associated with rapid recovery and reduced complications. Adding to the limited literature, this study compares CCABG and MICS CABG in terms of efficacy and safety.Methods Herein, 104 CCABG and MICS CABG cases (52 cases each) were included. The patients were recruited from the Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Center, Anzhen Hospital, between January 2017 and December 2021 and were selected based on the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model. The key outcomes included All-cause Death, Myocardial Infarction (MI), Cerebrovascular Events, revascularization, Adverse Wound Healing Events and one-year patency of the graft by coronary CTA.Results Compared to CCABG, MICS CABG had longer surgical durations[4.25 (1.50) h vs.4.00 (1.13) h, p = 0.028], but showed a reduced intraoperative blood loss [600.00 (400.00) mL vs.700.00 (300.00) mL, p = 0.032] and a lower secondary incision debridement and suturing rate (5.8% vs.19.2%, p = 0.038). No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the cumulative Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs) incidence (7.7% vs. 5.9%), all-cause mortality (0 vs. 0), MI incidence (1.9% vs. 2.0%), cerebral apoplexy incidence (5.8% vs. 3.9%), and repeated revascularization incidence (0 vs. 0) (p > 0.05). Additionally, coronary CTA results revealed that the two groups’ one-year graft patency (94.2% vs. 90.2%, p = 0.761) showed no statistically significant difference.Conclusion In patients with comorbid CAD and diabetes, MICS CABG and CCABG had comparable revascularization performances. Moreover, MICS CABG can effectively reduce, if not prevent, poor clinical outcomes/complications, including incision healing, sternal infection, prolonged length of stay, and slow recovery of body function in diabetes patients.