bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast rapidly convergent penetrable scattering computations
Authors: Paul Jagabandhu , Pandey Ambuj , Rathish Kumar B. V. , Anand Akash 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a fast high-order scheme for the numerical solution of a volume-surface integro-differential equation. Such equations arise in problems of scattering of time-harmonic acoustic and electromagnetic waves by inhomogeneous media with variable density wherein the material properties jump across the medium interface. The method uses a partition of unity to segregate the interior and the boundary regions of the scattering obstacle, enabling us to make use of specially designed quadratures to deal with the material discontinuities in a high-order manner. In particular, the method uses suitable changes of variables to resolve the singularities present in the integrals in conjunction with a decomposition of Green’s function via the addition theorem. To achieve a reduced computational cost, the method employs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based acceleration strategy to compute the integrals over the boundary region. Moreover, the necessary offgrid evaluation of the density and the inter-grid transfer of data is achieved by applying an FFT-based refined-grid interpolation strategy. We validate the performance of the method through multiple scattering simulations. In particular, the numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can handle high-contrast material properties without any adverse effect on the number of GMRES iterations.
Asymmetric threshold effects of digitization on inflation in emerging markets
Authors: Emara Noha , Zecheru Daniela 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes the dynamic asymmetric effects of digitization on domestic inflation for a sample of 54 advanced economies (AEs) and emerging markets (EMs) over the period 2004–2018. Using Katz and Calorda’s Digital Ecosystem Development Index and employing the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation methodology, the results of the paper reveal that the improvement in digitization has a statistically significant nonlinear deflationary effect with an exact threshold level of 43.22 points, that is, that the marginal effect of the digital penetration is larger when its level is lower than the threshold level. For EMs, with a level of digitization below the average of our full sample, policymakers must continue to invest in and expand on their digital ecosystem until the threshold level is achieved. Our results show that investment in human capital and improvement in governance can reinforce these deflationary effects. Hence, to obtain the maximum positive impact of increasing digitization on domestic inflation, EM governments should focus on maximizing school enrollment, controlling corruption, establishing rule of law, protecting the right to freedom of opinion and expression, and implementing accountability measures.
Efficacy of pulse oximetry for early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Yoo Ju-Hyung , Park Sang-Hoon , Oh Hyun-Cheol , Ha Joong-Won , Yoon Han-Kook 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE) are crucial for preventing severe complications after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to examine the efficacy of measuring oxygen saturation (SpO2) using a pulse oximeter for early diagnosis of PE after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Materials and methods
We consecutively examined 1645 patients who underwent TKA between January 2015 and November 2019. Postoperative SpO2 was measured with a pulse oximeter, which was stopped if SpO2 was maintained at ≥ 95% until postoperative day 2 (POD2). To diagnose PE, computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) was performed for specific indications, including persistently low SpO2 < 95% (group 1), sudden decrease in SpO2 (group 2), and decrease in SpO2 after POD3 with presenting symptoms (group 3). Also, we divided the patients into unilateral, simultaneous and sequential TKA groups and compared the results with specific statistical techniques.

Results
Of the 1645 patients who underwent TKA, there were 20 patients with PE (1.2%), and symptomatic PE was observed in only 4 patients (0.24%). CTPA was performed in 58 (3.5%) patients, of whom 20 were diagnosed with PE. In groups 1 (n = 34), 2 (n = 21), and 3 (n = 3), CTPA was performed 2.4, 2.6, and 8.3 days after TKA, respectively, and 12, 8, and 0 patients were diagnosed with PE, respectively. Of the 782, 416, and 447 unilateral, simultaneous, and sequential (done in same admission with interval 1 or 2 weeks) patients with TKA, 38, 18, and 2 received CTPA, and 13, 6, and 1 were diagnosed with PE, respectively. All patients diagnosed with PE have persistently low SpO2 < 95% (group 1), or sudden decrease in SpO2 (group 2) until POD2. Of the patients diagnosed with PE, SpO2 decreased without the presentation of symptoms in 16 patients (11 and 5 from groups 1 and 2, respectively) and with the presentation of symptoms, such as mild dyspnea and chest discomfort, in 4 patients (1 and 3 from groups 1 and 2, respectively).

Conclusions
Measuring SpO2 using a pulse oximeter until POD2 was an effective method for early diagnosis of PE after TKA. No case of morbidity or mortality was observed after early diagnosis with early stage CTPA and management of PE. We recommend measuring SpO2 with a pulse oximeter for early diagnosing of PE in TKA.
An overview of Aloe vera impact on the healing process of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Kania Anna , Kałużyński Grzegorz , Pełka Maciej , Fijałkowska Justyna , Ciulkiewicz Łukasz 
Published: January 2024

Introduction and aim Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic condition that affects an increasing number of people each year[1]. Healing the ulceration requires cooperation between patients, specialists and scientists in order to achieve satisfactory results. Treating this type of wound is not only a therapeutic challenge[1,2,3,4,5,6], but also an economic one, which is why so much scientific research has already been made on this phenomenon[2,3]. Still scientists continue their quest for new cost-effective alternatives to current therapeutic options that would be consistent with contemporary knowledge and available engineering capabilities in pursuance of creating techniques and new dressings that will accelerate the healing of DFUs[2,3,7,8]. Factors such as stress, obesity, certain medications, and chronic diseases appear to negatively affect the process of repair [1,9,10,4,6,11]. Studies prove that aloe vera gel due to its healing properties, can be considered as a potential dressing that will expedite the mending process of diabetic foot ulceration[12,13,14].
In this paper, we performed a literature review of the applicability of aloe vera in the healing process of DFUs.

Materials and methods Searching the available literature, including randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews, we drew on databases focusing on the effects of treatment for diabetic foot ulceration using Aloe vera.

Conclusion: The current scientific research on the use of Aloe vera gel in diabetic foot ulcer treatment indicates that this method is safe, effective and inexpensive[2,3]. However the difficulty of treatment and the increasing prevalence of this type of wound pose a challenge to finding new solutions and exploring mechanisms in which aloe vera can have a possible role in the wound healing process. Nevertheless, this paper presents a promising impact of Aloe vera gel applicability in the healing process of diabetic foot ulcer.
Chemical Composition Study of Ancient Glass Products Based on Machine Learning and Clustering Algorithm
Authors: He Zehua , Wu Yufeng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The measurement of the chemical composition of ancient glass artifacts has far-reaching consequences for archaeological work and chemical research and has aroused scholars' curiosity. The goal of this paper is to understand the differences in chemical composition between different weathering types and different glass types, to discover statistical patterns of intrinsic chemical composition content, and to develop prediction and classification models between chemical composition and glass types and weathering types. To ensure the accuracy of the experimental data, this study evaluates many machine learning models and selects the one that best matches prediction and classification. Cluster analysis is then used to sub-classify the known glass kinds in order to provide the framework for future work on the categorization of glass goods. Neural networks were used with principal component analysis to create a mathematical model to generate a fitted function picture between glass kinds and chemical compositions. As a result, valuable suggestions for future chemical studies and archaeological investigations were made. Finally, glass product chemical composition correlations were examined to investigate the variations in chemical composition correlations across various categories.
Research on estimation and control methods of natural frequency of irregular building structure vibration
Authors: Song Guicai 
Published: January 2024

With the continuous increase in the number of irregular buildings, ensuring the safety of building structures has become the primary concern. The study used finite element analysis to estimate the natural frequency of vibration of irregular building structures, and further designed a fuzzy control algorithm combined with magnetorheological dampers to improve their seismic performance. The research results showed that the longitudinal and transverse natural frequencies of Model 1 were 10.44 Hz and 10.51 Hz, respectively, while those of Model 2 were 10.31 Hz and 9.89 Hz, respectively. Using the fuzzy control method, the peak displacement of the building structure was reduced to 11.64 cm, and the peak acceleration was 7.9 m/s2. Comparing the open-plus-closed-loop control with open-loop control methods, it was found that although the fluctuation amplitude of the open-loop control method was relatively large, its control effect was poor, while the open-plus-closed-loop control methods had good overall control effect, with the peak acceleration of 8.26 m/s2 in the open-loop control. The study provides an accurate method for estimating the natural vibration frequency of irregular building structures and demonstrates the effectiveness of the designed fuzzy control algorithm in controlling building vibration.
A gear fault diagnosis method based on variational mode decomposition and multi-scale discrete entropy
Authors: Zhang Tao , Chen Yongqi , Chen Yang , Shen Qian , Dai Qinge 
Published: January 2024

Aiming at monitoring of gearbox faults, a gear fault feature extraction method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and multi-scale discrete entropy (MDE) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the gear fault signal is decomposed into a series of intrinsic modal function (IMF) by VMD with selected parameters; Secondly, the decomposed IMF are extracted by MDE feature extraction method to form a feature sample set; Finally, the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) is used to classify the data set after feature extraction. The experiment results show that the proposed method owns the higher fault diagnosis accuracy than the traditional multi-scale entropy methods.
How Important is the Metal-free Catalytic Knoevenagel Reaction in
Medicinal Chemistry? An Updated Review
Authors: Johari Suzaimi , Johan Mohd Rafie , Khaligh Nader Ghaffari 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
The Knoevenagel condensation is a powerful and primary step for the development
of carbon-carbon bond transformations. These condensations offer versatile products/
intermediates for diverse uses in polymers, cosmetics, chemical industries, and medicinal
chemistry. Various homogenous and heterogenous catalysts have been found to
promote the Knoevenagel condensation reaction, both environmentally and economically.
Due to their attractive use in the production of pharmaceutical drugs, they are proven to be
the main force that drives the synthesis involving numerous multi-component and multistep
reactions. The present study, therefore, aims to summarise reported Knoevenagel
condensation reactions using metal-free catalysts resulting in pharmaceutically useful
compounds with anti-cancer, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, and anti-
bacterial activities. By considering factors like their structure-activity relationships
(SARs), the reaction conditions, and the steps involved, as well as the advantages and limitations
of the particular approach, we also provide a general framework and direction in
order to achieve superior characteristics of the catalyst.
Artesunate Inhibits the Growth of Insulinoma Cells via SLC7A11/
GPX4-mediated Ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Fengping , Lu Jiexia , Zheng Biaolin , Yi Nan , Xie Chunxiao , Chen Feiran , Wei Dafu , Jiang Haixing , Qin Shanyu 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Artesunate (ART) has been recognized to induce ferroptosis in various tumor phenotypes,
including neuroendocrine tumors. We aimed to investigate the effects of ART on insulinoma and the underlying
mechanisms by focusing on the process of ferroptosis.

Methods:
The CCK8 and colony formation assays were conducted to assess the effectiveness of ART. Lipid
peroxidation, glutathione, and intracellular iron content were determined to validate the process of ferroptosis,
while ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) was employed as the inhibitor of ferroptosis. Subcutaneous tumor models were
established and treated with ART. The ferroptosis-associated proteins were determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry
assays. Pathological structures of the liver were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Results:
ART suppressed the growth of insulinoma both in vitro and in vivo. Insulinoma cells treated by ART
revealed signs of ferroptosis, including increased lipid peroxidation, diminished glutathione levels, and ascending
intracellular iron. Notably, ART-treated insulinoma cells exhibited a decline in the expressions of catalytic
component solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). These alterations
were negated by Fer-1. Moreover, no hepatotoxicity was observed upon the therapeutic dose of ART.

Conclusion:
Artesunate might regulate ferroptosis of insulinoma cells through the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Deoxycholic Acid-chalcone Conjugates as
Antioxidant Agents
Authors: Patel Sejal , Mishra Satyendra 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
The present article reports the synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant activity
of the chalcone-deoxycholic acid conjugates. The structures of the synthesised bile acidchalcone
conjugates have been determined using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. According
to the results of the DPPH experiment, compounds 5e (3, 4, 5-methoxy; IC50; 15.04 μg
/ml) and 5f (4-hydroxy group; IC50; 11.73 μg /ml) had higher antioxidant activity than the
control compound ascorbic acid (IC50; 20.72 μg /ml). The best conjugate was found to be
5f in the DPPH test (IC50: 11.73 μg /ml; 4-hydroxy group), while the best conjugate in the
ABTS assay was found to be 5g (IC50: 67.97 μg /ml; pyridine group). It is straightforward
to synthesize a huge library of bile acid-derived compounds and employ them in comprehensive
structure-activity relationship investigations to identify the compounds with the
best antioxidant activity.
Use of Network Pharmacology and Experiment Validation to Uncover the Mechanism of Jianshen Lishui Prescription in the Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Gao Yu-Guang , Huang De-Qing , Zhong Jie , Ma Yu-Juan , Yang Kan , Liao Yu-Xiong , Zhu Qiong , Liu Qi-Qi 
Published: January 2024

Background:
As a Chinese medicinal formula, the Jianshen Lishui prescription has
been clinically proven to be effective in treating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Yet, the mechanisms
involved are unknown.

Methods:
Network pharmacology analysis: It involved the screening of active components in
the Jianshen Lishui prescription, identification of potential targets for these components, and the
screening of ICH-related targets. Common targets for both disease and drug were identified. Protein-
protein interaction networks were constructed, followed by further screening of core targets.
Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on these core targets. Finally, molecular
docking verification was carried out using the active components and core targets. Experimental
verification: It was conducted using a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. This involved observing
neurological deficit scores in the rats and measuring cerebral water content. The effects of
Jianshen Lishui prescription on the neurological function, cerebral water content, and brain tissue
core targets were observed through HE staining, Western blot and qPCR.

Results:
(1) In this study, 29 common targets were obtained by intersecting 256 potential drug
targets and 642 genes associated with ICH. 9 core targets were obtained by employing the protein-
protein interaction (PPI) construction system to screen more specific targets. In addition, the
findings revealed that the molecular mechanism of Jianshen Lishui prescription in treating ICH
was mainly related to cancer signaling pathways and signal transduction pathways, based on the
results of GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Molecular docking results showed that the active
constituent of Jianshen Lishui prescription mannitol has the highest binding activity with KRAS,
luteolin, and Poria sterol with AR, INS1 and KRAS, cerebrosterol with GNB1, INS 1 and ESR1,
and sitosterol with AR, INS1 and KRAS. (2) Animal experiments verified that Jianshen Lishui
prescription significantly alleviated encephaledema and improved nerve functions of the rat model
of ICH. And INS1 expression levels were upregulated and the expression levels of AR, KRAS,
PTGS2, and ESR1 were down-regulated by the prescription.

Conclusion:
Jianshen Lishui prescription protects the nerve function of ICH patients by inhibiting
inflammation and reducing cerebral edema. This study provides more supportive evidences
for the clinical use of traditional Chinese prescriptions in ICH treatment.
The Role of Innate Immunity in Osteoarthritis and the Connotation of
"Immune-joint" Axis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kuang Gaoyan , Tan Xuyi , Liu Xin , Li Naping , Yi Nanxing , Mi Yilin , Shi Qiyun , Zeng Fan , Xie Xinjun , Lu Min , Xu Xiaotong 
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that results in constriction of the joint
space due to the gradual deterioration of cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone, and synovial
membrane. Recently, scientists have found that OA involves lesions in the whole joint, in addition
to joint wear and tear and cartilage damage. Osteoarthritis is often accompanied by a subclinical
form of synovitis, which is a chronic, relatively low-grade inflammatory response mainly
mediated by the innate immune system. The “immune-joint” axis refers to an interaction of an
innate immune response with joint inflammation and the whole joint range. Previous studies
have underestimated the role of the immune-joint axis in OA, and there is no related research.
For this reason, this review aimed to evaluate the existing evidence on the influence of innate
immune mechanisms on the pathogenesis of OA. The innate immune system is the body's first
line of defense. When the innate immune system is triggered, it instantly activates the downstream
inflammatory signal pathway, causing an inflammatory response, while also promoting
immune cells to invade joint synovial tissue and accelerate the progression of OA. We have proposed
the concept of the "immune-joint" axis and explored it from two aspects of Traditional
Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory and modern medical research, such as the innate immunity and
OA, macrophages and OA, complement and OA, and other cells and OA, to enrich the scientific
connotation of the "immune-joint" axis.
Nuclear Factor Kappa B: A Nobel Therapeutic Target of Flavonoids
Against Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Singh Ashini , Mayank  
Published: January 2024

Abstract:
Parkinson's disease (PD), the most common brain-related neurodegenerative disorder,
is comprised of several pathophysiological mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation,
aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein, and synaptic loss in the substantia
nigra pars compacta region of the midbrain. Misfolded alpha-synuclein, originating from damaged
neurons, triggers a series of signaling pathways in both glial and neuronal cells. Activation
of such events results in the production and expression of several proinflammatory cytokines via
the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Consequently, this cascade of
events worsens the neurodegenerative processes, particularly in conditions, such as PD and
synucleinopathies. Microglia, astrocytes, and neurons are just a few of the many cells and tissues
that express the NF-κB family of inducible types of transcription factors. The dual role of NF-κB
activation can be crucial for neuronal survival, although the classical NF-κB pathway is important
for controlling the generation of inflammatory mediators during neuroinflammation.
Modulating NF-κB-associated pathways through the selective action of several agents holds
promise for mitigating dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and PD. Several naturally occurring
compounds in medicinal plants can be an effective treatment option in attenuating PD-associated
dopaminergic neuronal loss via selectively modifying the NF-κB-mediated signaling pathways.
Recently, flavonoids have gained notable attention from researchers because of their remarkable
anti-neuroinflammatory activity and significant antioxidant properties in numerous neurodegenerative
disorders, including PD. Several subclasses of flavonoids, including flavones, flavonols,
isoflavones, and anthocyanins, have been evaluated for neuroprotective effects against in
vitro and in vivo models of PD. In this aspect, the present review highlights the pathological role
of NF-κB in the progression of PD and investigates the therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids
targeting the NF-κB signaling pathway for the prevention and management of PD-like
manifestations with a comprehensive list for further reference. Available facts strongly support
that bioactive flavonoids could be considered in food and/or as lead pharmacophores for the
treatment of neuroinflammation-mediated PD. Furthermore, natural flavonoids having potent
pharmacological properties could be helpful in enhancing the economy of countries that cultivate
medicinal plants yielding bioactive flavonoids on a large scale.