bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reviewing and Advocating for Data Disaggregation in Aging-Related Health Research: NIA Grants and Recommendations for Equity
Authors: Fernandez Cajavilca Moroni , Lee Matthew , Ðoàn Lan N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Federal minimum standards for collecting and reporting race and ethnicity data implicitly categorize diverse individuals into broad, monolithic categories. Despite advancements in policy and practice and calls for inclusive research, data equity remains a significant issue in aging-related health research. Racially and ethnically diverse older adults are underrepresented in health research and rarely disaggregated by ethnicity in data collection, analysis, and reporting of aging-related health outcomes. Data disaggregation offers a promising approach to advancing data equity in aging research. We searched the National Institute on Health RePORT Expenditures and Results (NIH RePORTER) database to identify extramural National Institute on Aging (NIA) grants from 1985 to 2024 that proposed disaggregating race and ethnicity data for aging-related research. We found only 12 NIA-funded awards, visually demonstrating how understudied data disaggregation is within the field of aging. Most disaggregation-focused grants were awarded from 2015 onwards (92%), with 42% being R01 grants. Enhancing methodological rigor in demographic data collection and reporting reflective of the diversifying aging population is crucial for data equity. We conclude with recommendations to advance aging health research and highlight considerations and ethical issues for data disaggregation for historically surveilled racial and ethnic minoritized communities.
Modeling Pathways by which the Caregiver TLC Psychoeducational Program Impacts Psychological Health of Caregivers
Authors: Montoro-Rodriguez Julian , Reeve Charlie L , Gallagher-Thompson Dolores , Ramsey Jennifer , Choryan Bilbrey Ann , Kajiyama Bruno 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The study seeks to elucidate the pathways by which the Caregiver TLC psycho-educational program impacts the psychological health of caregivers by examining the degree to which changes in self-efficacy, personal gains, and emotional support mediate the changes on perceived depression, anxiety and burden.

Research Design and Methods
Using pre-post data from the Caregiver TLC randomized controlled trial (n = 81) for each outcome and mediator pair, a series of multiple regression models were executed to test the degree to which the program’s total effects on changes in depression, burden and anxiety from baseline to post-intervention are due to changes in each mediator variable from pre- and post-intervention assessments. Caregivers were primarily female (85%), White (62 %), Black (38%), with a median age of 62 and household income of $75,000+. Caregivers reported caring for a person with dementia (69%) or chronic health conditions (31%).

Results
Mediation path modeling indicated that changes in self-efficacy affected by participation in the Caregiver TLC program, mediating between 32% and 63% of the total treatment effect on the outcome variables. Change in personal gains and change in emotional support also demonstrated meaningful mediation effects, albeit smaller in magnitude.

Discussion and Implications
Results confirm that the observed positive impact of the Caregiver TLC program is due to changes in self-efficacy (in particular) and to a lesser degree to changes in personal gains and emotional support. These results confirm that strengthening caregivers perceived self-efficacy to manage stress plays a significant role in improving psychosocial functioning.
Imbuing climate security with positive peace: a peace continuum approach to sustaining peace during climate crisis
Authors: Moe Louise Wiuff 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Climate change impacts peacebuilding and is an important topic within the UN Security Council (UNSC). Yet, the UN's member states take conflicting positions on whether climate change should be framed as a security threat or a development issue, and several scholars have warned against its securitization. Introducing a ‘peace continuum’ approach to climate security, this policy paper shifts attention from a ‘for or against’ debate on framing climate change as a security threat, instead considering climate crisis as a call for rethinking security itself. A peace continuum approach connects climate finance and adaptation with a continuum of peace efforts. This broadens the outlook of security to integrate human and ecological security concerns and offers a perspective on climate security that emphasizes ‘positive peace.’ Imbuing climate security with the notion of positive peace resonates with peacebuilding norm developments around the primacy of politics, prevention and adaptive approaches. Grounding the discussion of a peace continuum approach in case-studies from the Horn of Africa, the paper highlights three major developments. First, new networked climate security governance has emerged within and around the UN and UNSC, showing promise for scaling up a peace continuum approach. Second, recognizing climate change as a security issue can enhance commitments to climate finance and adaptation, while finance and adaptation can contribute to peace dividends, including in ‘high-risk’ contexts. Third, regional climate security hubs are emerging as vehicles for regional–international knowledge exchanges, and serve as entry-points for flexible UN support, well suited to shifting peacebuilding trends away from large-scale missions. In a context of geopolitical competition, strained multilateralism and competing priorities, there is no automaticity ensuring the advancement of a progressive climate security agenda—achieving that will require continuous, committed efforts.
Deep Sequencing of Crohn’s Disease Lamina Propria Phagocytes Identifies Pathobionts and Correlates With Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression
Authors: Jacobsen Gillian E , Gonzalez Eddy E , Mendygral Payton , Faust Katerina M , Hazime Hajar , Fernandez Irina , Santander Ana M , Quintero Maria A , Jiang Chunsu , Damas Oriana M , Deshpande Amar R , Kerman David H , Proksell Siobhan , Sendszichew Shane Morgan , Sussman Daniel A , Ghaddar Bassel , Cickovsk Trevor , Abreu Maria T 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Crohn’s disease (CD) is characterized by an inflammatory response to gut microbiota. Macrophages and dendritic cells play an active role in CD inflammation. Specific microbiota have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ileal CD. We investigated the phagocyte-associated microbiome using an unbiased sequencing approach to identify potential pathobionts and elucidate the host response to these microbes.

Methods
We collected ileal and colonic mucosal biopsies from CD patients and controls without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), isolated lamina propria phagocytes (CD11b+ cells), and performed deep RNA sequencing (n = 37). Reads were mapped to the human genome for host gene expression analysis and a prokaryotic database for microbiome taxonomic and metatranscriptomic profiling. Results were confirmed in a second IBD cohort (n = 17). Lysed lamina propria cells were plated for bacterial culturing; isolated colonies underwent whole genome sequencing (n = 11).

Results
Crohn’s disease ileal phagocytes contained higher relative abundances of Escherichia coli, Ruminococcus gnavus, and Enterocloster spp. than those from controls. CD phagocyte-associated microbes had increased expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis pathways. Phagocytes with a higher pathobiont burden showed increased expression of pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial genes, including PI3 (antimicrobial peptide) and BPIFB1 (LPS-binding molecule). E. coli isolated from the CD lamina propria had more flagellar motility and antibiotic resistance genes than control-derived strains.

Conclusions
Lamina propria resident phagocytes harbor bacterial strains that may act as pathobionts in CD. Our findings shed light on the role of pathobionts and the immune response in CD pathogenesis and suggest new targets for therapies.
An integrative machine learning approach to understanding South Pacific Ocean albacore tuna habitat features
Authors: Liu Liwen , Wan Rong , Wu Feng , Wang Yucheng , Zhu Yonghan , Zhou Cheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study employs a random forest model combined with interpretable machine learning techniques to analyze the habitat preferences of South Pacific albacore tuna, incorporating a broad range of marine environmental variables. Among these, several factors derived from mesoscale eddy structures, including eddy polarity, eddy radius, and eddy kinetic energy, are integrated to further enhance the characterization of mesoscale eddy features. Interpretable methods were applied to provide intuitive visualizations of albacore tuna habitat preferences, with a focus on the most influential factors, including seawater temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and normalized mesoscale eddy radius. Seawater temperature and oxygen concentration are directly linked to the physiological needs of albacore tuna, while mesoscale eddy characteristics influence foraging and behavior by altering water column properties. This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the characteristics of albacore tuna habitat and the mechanisms driving its oceanographic variables, providing valuable insights for developing location-based, practical science-based management strategies for fishery resources.
Associations of fetal and postnatal growth trajectories with child cognition: the GUSTO cohort study
Authors: Ong Yi Ying , Ng Nicholas Beng Hui , Michael Navin , Cai Shirong , Thway Tint Mya , Ooi Delicia Shu Qin , Tan Ai Peng , Tan Kok Hian , Shek Lynette , Yap Fabian , Chong Yap Seng , Eriksson Johan Gunnar , Chan Shiao-Yng , Broekman Birit F P , Godfrey Keith M , Silveira Patricia Pelufo , Tiemeier Henning , Law Evelyn C , Aris Izzuddin M , Lee Yung Seng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Using longitudinal ultrasounds as an improved fetal growth marker, we aimed to investigate if increased postnatal growth following fetal abdominal circumference (AC) growth deceleration is associated with improved child cognition.

Methods
Among 797 term-born singletons in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, we derived 2nd–3rd trimester fetal AC growth z-score, fetal AC growth deceleration, standardized height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) growth at early infancy (0–4 months), late infancy (4–15 months), toddlerhood (15–37 months), and early childhood (3–7 years), and investigated their associations with intelligence quotient (IQ) at ages 4.5 years (verbal, non-verbal) and 7 years (non-verbal—block design, matrix reasoning), adjusting for socio-demographic and biological confounders.

Results
Among term-born newborns, 23.3% experienced fetal AC growth deceleration, which was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (4.5 years) [β (95% CI), –4.00 (–7.49, –0.51)]. Higher 0–7 years z-BMI gain was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (block design) (7 years) [–1.33 (–2.51, –0.14)]. Higher late infancy z-BMI gain was associated with higher verbal IQ (4.5 years) [3.36 (0.82,5.90)] but lower non-verbal IQ (matrix reasoning) (7 years) [–2.32 (–4.48, –0.17)]. Among those with fetal AC growth deceleration, higher 0–7 years z-weight gain was associated with lower non-verbal IQ (block design) (7 years) (P-interaction = .049); at z-weight gain of +2 standard deviation score (SDS), those with fetal AC growth deceleration had lower IQ [margins (95% CI), –2.6 (–7.1,1.9)]. On average, children with fetal AC growth deceleration caught up in z-height, z-weight, and z-BMI by 7 years.

Conclusion
Fetal AC growth deceleration was associated with lower cognition scores at preschool age. Increased weight or BMI growth from 0–7 years following fetal AC growth deceleration might not be favorable to cognition among generally well-nourished term-born children.
Research on automated optimization of low-carbon architectural landscape spaces based on computer vision and machine learning
Authors: Mu Rongbing , Cheng Yue , Feng Haoxuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, computer vision and machine learning techniques are used to develop an automatic optimization method for low-carbon building landscape space. Firstly, the semantic segmentation of landscape images is carried out using U-Net network to realize the automatic extraction of key landscape features. Then, using the segmentation results, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is developed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation experiments, which not only significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of landscape space optimization, but also provides valuable optimization suggestions for designers.
Research on the application of deep learning algorithm in energy management for low-carbon society
Authors: Niu Xiumin , Luo Xufeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present study endeavors to investigate the application of deep learning algorithms in energy management, aimed at fostering a low-carbon society. Specifically, the study focuses on the performance of wavelet packet decomposition for noise reduction in predicting carbon emissions. The results indicate a significant enhancement in predictive accuracy, outperforming models without noise reduction across various evaluation metrics. This research not only elevates the precision and reliability of predictions but also underscores the critical role of data preprocessing in complex tasks, thereby offering novel methodologies and perspectives for carbon emission monitoring and forecasting in energy management.
Performance analysis of salinity solar pond: design evaluation and dimensional analysis
Authors: Al-Tahaineh Hamza A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The overall impacts of the solar pond’s surface area, heat flux from solar radiation, effective water–salt thermal conductivity, depth, water density, water-specific heat, and transient time on its performance was investigated by a dimensional analysis of the solar pond. These variables were combined into a four-dimensional, recognized group using the Π-theorem. The results of dimensional analysis were applied to the pond that was being studied, and two additional ponds of different sizes were then contrasted. For the solar pond, temperature profiles and performance curves were displayed. For the dimensionless parameter ${\pi}_1&lt;14$, the optimal value of the nondimensional size parameter was found to be around${\pi}_1=25$ for the best pond performance.
Improved therapeutic efficacy of a bifunctional anti-C5 mAb-FH SCR1–5 fusion protein over anti-C5 mAb in an accelerated mouse model of C3 glomerulopathy
Authors: Sato Sayaka , Miwa Takashi , Gullipalli Damodar , Golla Madhu , Mohammadyari Eshagh , Zhou Lin , Palmer Matthew , Song Wen-Chao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), a rare kidney disease caused by dysregulation of alternative pathway complement activation, is characterized by glomerular C3 deposition, proteinuria, crescentic glomerulonephritis, and renal failure. The anti-C5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) drug eculizumab has shown therapeutic effects in some but not all patients with C3G, and no approved therapy is currently available. Here, we developed and used a triple transgenic mouse model of fast progressing lethal C3G (FHm/mP−/−hFDKI/KI) to compare the therapeutic efficacy of a bifunctional anti-C5 mAb fused to a functional factor H (FH) fragment (short consensus repeat 1–5 [SCR1–5]) and the anti-C5 mAb itself. The new C3G mouse model is derived by humanizing factor D (hFDKI/KI) in a previously described FHm/mP−/− mouse that developed lethal C3G. We tested the effectiveness of these 2 complement inhibitors in triple transgenic mice with established C3G and glomerular disease. No FHm/mP−/−hFDKI/KI mice treated with vehicle survived the 30-d study period. All FHm/mP−/−hFDKI/KI mice treated with the C5 mAb-FH SCR1–5 fusion protein and 50% of mice treated with the anti-C5 mAb survived the 30-d treatment period. Moreover, mice treated with the C5 mAb-FH SCR1–5 fusion protein, but not those treated with the anti-C5 mAb, showed restored plasma alternative pathway complement control. The C5 mAb-FH SCR1–5 fusion protein reversed glomerular disease to a greater degree than the anti-C5 mAb. These data suggest that simultaneously inhibiting the terminal and proximal complement pathways, by anti-C5 mAb and FH SCR1–5, respectively, can reverse established C3G and is more efficacious than inhibiting the terminal pathway alone. A similar approach may be effective in treating human C3G.
CD20 and CD19 promote proliferation driven by the IgM-TLR9-L265P MyD88 complex
Authors: Kobayashi Yohei , Sato Ryota , Shimizu Yuri , Fukui Ryutaro , Shibata Takuma , Tsukamoto Hiroki , Tsubata Takeshi , Miyake Kensuke 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The cancer driver mutation L265P MyD88 is found in approximately 30 % of cases in the activated B cell-like subgroup of diffuse large B cell-like lymphoma (ABC DLBCL). L265P MyD88 forms a complex with TLR9 and IgM, referred to as the My-T-BCR complex, to drive proliferation. We here show that the B cell surface molecules CD19 and CD20 enhance proliferation mediated by the My-T-BCR complex. Using the IL-3-dependent Ba/F3 line transduced to express the IgM complex (IgM, CD79a, and CD79b) and TLR9, we observed proliferation in the presence of anti-IgM antibody and the TLR9 ligand CpG-B. TLR9 was constitutively associated with IgM and L252P MyD88. CD19 promoted proliferation with anti-IgM and CpG-B specifically in L252P MyD88-expressing Ba/F3 cells, while CD20 enhanced the proliferation in both wild-type- and L252P MyD88-expressing Ba/F3 cells. Additionally, CD20 uniquely enabled IgM-mediated proliferation in L252P MyD88-expressing Ba/F3 cells. Although CpG-B was not required for this proliferation, TLR9 expression remained indispensable. In the ABC DLBCL line TMD8, anti-IgM Ab mediated growth was impaired by the lack of CD20 and CD19 or of TLR9. Mechanistically, CD19 promoted IgM-dependent AKT phosphorylation, whereas CD20 increased expression of cell surface IgM, thereby enhancing the formation of the IgM-TLR9 complex. These findings suggest that CD19 and CD20 differentially contribute to the proliferation driven by the My-T-BCR complex.
Motility genes are associated with the occurrence of Drosophila melanogaster-associated gut microbes
Authors: Bhandari Rishi , Robbins Caleb J , Arora Arinder K , Chaston John M , Kang David S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent work highlighted the role of motility genes in dispersing fly-associated microbes and their spread between hosts. We investigated whether bacterial genes encoding motility are associated with the occurrence of bacteria above passive dispersal levels in the gut of wild Drosophila melanogaster. We revisited 16S amplicon and shotgun metagenome data of wild flies and correlated four genera of bacteria (Commensalibacter, Gluconobacter, Lactobacillus, and Tatumella) with motility genes. We plotted the microbes against neutral models of ecological drift and passive dispersal. Microbes with positive correlations to motility were exclusively found at or above neutral model predictions, suggesting motility genes are crucial for fly microbiota spread and colonization. This information is crucial for understanding how specific gene functions contribute to microbial community dispersal and colonization within the fly host. Moreover, this study’s findings serve as a proof of concept for using the neutral model to predict microbial functions essential for survival and dissemination in diverse hosts.
Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles preference of nursery tree species for attacks and colonization under water stress
Authors: Parajuli Madhav , Oksel Cansu , Neupane Krishna , Ranger Christopher M , Baysal-Gurel Fulya 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The role of flood and drought stress on Xylosandrus ambrosia beetle attacks and colonization in nursery trees with varying levels of water stress tolerance has not yet been studied. This study aimed to examine ambrosia beetle preference for tree species varying in their tolerance to water stress. Container-grown dogwoods, redbuds, and red maples were exposed to flood, drought, or sufficient water treatments for 28 d and beetle attacks were counted every third day. Stem tissues were collected at 7 and 14 d after imposing water stress to measure ethanol content using SPME-GC-MS. Trees were dissected to record gallery formation, fungal colonization, presence of eggs, larvae, and adults within the gallery. Additionally, gallery depth was measured. Under flood stress, beetle attacks were found exclusively in dogwood and redbud, with no attacks in red maple. There was a higher number of attacks in dogwood compared to redbud. Gallery formation and depth, fungal colonization, and presence of eggs, larvae, and adults in galleries were higher in dogwood than redbud. About 85% of the adults recovered from galleries were X. crassiusculus and the rest were X. germanus. Among the trees subjected to drought stress, only one dogwood tree had attacks, while the redbuds and red maples had no beetle attack. Tree species assigned to sufficient water were not attacked. Higher ethanol content was detected in dogwood and redbud subjected to flood stress compared to flooded red maples and tree species assigned to drought and sufficient water. This understanding can help growers and landscapers in making informed management decisions.
Heteroousios or Social Trinitarianism: Entailments of the Eternal Relations of Origin
Authors: Hollingsworth Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
I argue that the doctrine of the eternal relations of origin fails to preserve the sort of trinitarianism that the pro-Nicene Fathers thought that it did. The pro-Nicenes argued (1) that the Father, Son, and Spirit are homoousios with one another, (2) that the divine nature is simple, and (3) that there is only one will in God that is somehow shared amongst the divine persons. I argue that the eternal relations of origin entail a contradiction with at least one of these three listed propositions, depending on whether one locates them in the divine nature or the divine volition. If the relations of origin are located in the divine nature, then the Son and Spirit are heteroousios with the Father. If they are located in the divine volition, then this would entail that (1) there are three wills in God, and (2) that God has potential and is not simple. If my argument holds, then those desiring to maintain the eternal relations of origin in their doctrine of the Trinity will have some choices to make: they can affirm that the Father is heteroousios with the Son and Spirit, thus rejecting the doctrine of the Trinity altogether, or they can affirm some version of social trinitarianism and deny accounts of divine simplicity that understand God as actus purus.