bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Earthquake Impacts in Oslo, Norway: A Multi-Method Approach
Authors: Ghione Federica , Molina-Palacios Sergio , Torabi Anita , Oye Volker 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Effectively presenting seismic risk results is crucial for ensuring that stakeholders, including policymakers and first-responders can understand and utilize the information for decision-making and risk mitigation. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive seismic risk assessment for Oslo (capital of Norway), integrating both deterministic and probabilistic approaches to capture a holistic view of potential earthquake impacts. Based on the field data from exposed major faults in the Oslo rift margin and historical earthquakes in this region, the deterministic analysis examined three scenarios using SELENA software: i) an Mw 5.4 earthquake that occurred in 1904 in the Oslo rift zone; ii) a hypothetical Mw 6.0 event on the east side of the rift zone, and iii) a hypothetical Mw 6.0 event along an exposed fault zone in the central rift zone. These scenarios were selected to reflect a few possible seismic events with varying likelihoods and severities. For both, deterministic and probabilistic approaches, one specific neighbourhood in the Oslo city region emerged as the most affected area due to its dense population and older building stock, highlighting the critical interplay between physical hazard and community-specific vulnerability. The combination of deterministic and probabilistic approaches offers a detailed and nuanced understanding of seismic risks in Oslo. The findings underscore the need for targeted mitigation efforts and preparedness strategies, particularly in neighbourhoods that are more susceptible to seismic risks. By integrating these comprehensive risk assessments, the study provides valuable insights into the uneven distribution of seismic risk across Oslo. The results aim to inform local authorities and policymakers, aiding in the development of effective strategies to enhance the resilience of the city's infrastructure and population against future seismic events.
Structural Basis for the Assembly of Amyloid Fibrils by the Master Cell-Signaling Regulator Human Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 1
Authors: Mompeán Miguel , López-Alonso Jorge Pedro , Ubarretxena-Belandia Iban , Jiang Hanxing , Escobedo-Gonzáles Fatima Carolina , Titaux-Delgado Gustavo Alfredo , Polonio Paula 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Amyloid fibrils, typically associated with neurodegenerative diseases, also play critical roles as functional assemblies in biological processes. The RIP homotypic interaction motifs (RHIMs) in receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIPK1 and RIPK3) are essential for necroptosis, orchestrating the formation of amyloid-like fibrils that assemble into necrosomes. These supramolecular complexes propagate cell death signals and activate effectors like MLKL. While the structures of human RIPK3 (hRIPK3) homomeric fibrils and RIPK1-RIPK3 heteromeric fibrils have been resolved, the atomic structure of human RIPK1 (hRIPK1) homomeric fibrils has remained elusive.

Here, we present a high-resolution structure of hRIPK1 RHIM-mediated amyloid fibrils, determined using an integrative approach combining cryoprobe-detected solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy. The fibrils adopt an N-shaped amyloid fold consisting of three β-sheets stabilized by the conserved IQIG RHIM motif through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. A key hydrogen bond between N545 and G542 closes the β2-β3 loop, resulting in denser side-chain packing compared to hRIPK3 homomeric fibrils. This structural feature likely contributes to the compact architecture of hRIPK1 fibrils, in contrast to the more relaxed S-shaped fold observed in hRIPK3.

These findings provide structural insights into how hRIPK1 homomeric fibrils nucleate hRIPK3 recruitment and fibrillization during necroptosis, offering broader perspectives on the molecular principles governing RHIM-mediated amyloid assembly and functional amyloids.
Longterm Outcome of Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia on the Basis of Their Risk Stratification in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Hashmi Urooj Haider , Khurshid Mohammad , zehra Nida e , Tareen Farrukh Zia , Ain Qurat ul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study aims to assess the long-term outcomes of AML patients in LMICs, focusing on survival rates, relapse, and post-treatment morbidity, as well as factors influencing these outcomes in resource-limited settings.
We analyzed the outcome of newly diagnosed AML patients who underwent chemotherapy at Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi. A total of 178 eligible patients were available for assessment. Cytogenetic and molecular workup of 152 patients was available according to which 11.8% were favorable risk, 54.6% were intermediate risk and remaining 33.5% were poor risk. Among these 178 patients who underwent chemotherapy 58.42% achieved remission, 12.92% experienced induction failure and 28.56% died during induction. A total of 13.48% patients were long term survivors who remained disease free at 5 years of follow-up. 20.79% relapsed within 1 year of therapy and 10.11% relapsed after 1 year but within 5 years. 15 patients who were disease free at 2 years did not follow up beyond that period.
On the basis of risk assessment 72.22% patients in favorable risk, 51.8 % in intermediate risk and 45.09% in poor risk category achieved remission. And 27.78% favorable risk, 9.64% intermediate risk and 11.76% poor risk category were long term survivors.
These results suggest long-term outcomes for AML patients in LMICs are significantly influenced by healthcare system limitations, socioeconomic challenges, and lack of access to novel therapies. To improve survival and quality of life, interventions should focus on early diagnosis, access to standard chemotherapy regimens, and post-treatment care.
Prevalence and correlates of depression and psychological distress among garment factory employees in Hambantota District, Sri Lanka.
Authors: Obadaarachchi Lasith , Isuru Amila , Hewage Suwin , Wipuladasa Manuja , Williams shehan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Garment factory employees have been identified as a high-risk population for developing depression in Asian countries. Depression is recognised as a potentially reversible risk factor for low productivity in the garment factory workforce. Therefore, identification and treatment of depression in garment factory workers can improve productivity and their quality of life in general. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression in garment factory workers in the Hambantota district, Sri Lanka.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The calculated sample size was 390, and a multistage random sampling method was used. Culturally validated General Health Questionnaire-12 and Beck Depression Inventory–II were used to screen for psychological morbidity and depression, respectively.
Results
The majority of 390 employees were females (n=325, 83.3%). The mean age was 32.9 years (SD—10.45 years). The prevalence of depression in the study sample was 16.80% (95% CI: 13.04% to 20.55%). Depression was associated with the presence of a chronic medical condition(OR-3.51, 95% CI:1.61-7.67, p<0.002), family history of psychiatric illness (OR-3.03 95% CI-1.11 to 8.26, p<0.03), history of deliberate self-harm (OR-10.79 95% CI-4.68 to 24.89, p<0.001), history of psychiatric illness (OR-6.12, 95% CI-2.39-15.73, p<0.001), and being divorced or separated from their partner. The only job-related factor that correlates with depression was working extra duty hours (OR-1.74, CI 1.01-3.02, p<0.05).
Conclusions
The prevalence of depression among garment factory employees in Hambantota district is high. However, it is relatively lower compared to garment factory populations in other developing Asian countries.
Decoding Innovation Potential of Japanese Firms with A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Kawewong Niyata , Manoli Napitiporn , Matsuura Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study proposes an efficiency technique for predicting firm-level innovation capabilities utilizing machine learning models for improving the forecast accuracy. The study employed boosted trees and neural boosting models and compared them with traditional statistical regression methods in anticipating a firm’s innovation potential represented by patent applications. The 8 financial internal resources were used as a predictor that emerged from 1991 to 2019. Two key findings of validation are merged to predict an internal indicator of innovation capability. First, firm size is the most important predictor, contributing over half of the predictive power according to the model, followed by R&D intensity and efficiency. Second, as the most effective machine learning model for prediction results, the boosted tree model outperformed the neural boosting model and fixed effect regression, as evidenced by higher R-squared values and lower RASE, demonstrating its ability to capture the complexity of invention activity. These findings provide a solid foundation for future research on firm-level innovation prediction, demonstrating the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in recognizing complex innovation patterns. The findings also show that selected internal resources could strategically invest in innovation to promote the firm's innovation development.
Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Soils from a City with Fe-Nb-REE Mineral Development
Authors: Ji Rui , Li Chi , Luo Jing , Gao Yu , Li Shuanhu , Wang Xiaorong , Tian Lei , Chen Xiangmei , Yao De 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Baotou, a city renowned for its steel production and rare earth resource development, is facing significant threats from heavy metal pollution in its urban soils. This study analyzed nine soil samples from urban Baotou to assess the bioavailability of heavy metals, including rare earth elements (REEs), As, and Pb, and evaluate the environmental risks posed by these elements in soils. The bioavailabilities of REEs, As, and Pb were quantitatively examined through in vitro simulated digestion experiments involving physiologically based extraction tests (PBET) and in vitro gastrointestinal (IVG) methods. The results indicate that the bioavailability of REEs is relatively low, with higher bioavailability observed in PBET tests compared to IVG tests. Overall, the REE bioavailability was lower than those of As and Pb, and the REE bioavailability was higher in the gastric phase than in the gastrointestinal phase. Speciation analysis revealed that approximately 80% of the REEs were present in the residual fraction. Meanwhile, the non-residual fractions were primarily composed of carbonate-bound, Fe/Mn oxides-bound, and strong organic matter-bound REEs, exchangeable REEs accounting for less than 0.5%.
Copper ferrite nanoparticles: an efficient catalyst for the one-pot four-component synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives
Authors: Mhaske Amruta K. , Gadhave Anil G. , Patil Sachin V. , Baste Yogeshwar R. , Uphade Bhagwat K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

An efficient CuFe2O4 nonocatalyzed was synthesized by using triton X-100 as a surfactant in water. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by using FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM and TEM techniques. The nanocatalyst successfully synthesized pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazoles derivatives through one-pot four-component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, ethyl acetoacetate and hydrazine hydrate in the presence of a catalytic amount of CuFe2O4 as an efficient and inexpensive nanocatalyst. The yield of pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazoles was studied using various reaction parameters such as the amount of catalyst, type of solvent, reaction condition and time. This multicomponent reaction is simple, reduces toxicity, has a short reaction time and has a high product yield. All the synthesized pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazoles derivatives were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analysis. Additionally, the catalyst was reusable for up to four reaction runs.
Chemical Activation of Castor Stalk-Derived Porous Carbon for Highly Efficient CO 2 Adsorption in Sustainable Carbon Capture Applications
Authors: Pramanik Panchanan , Gupta Renu , Bansal Ajay 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions have become a pressing concern in recent times, with CO2 emerging as the primary culprit behind global warming, rising sea levels, and disruptions to ecosystems. Of all the greenhouse gases, CO2's impact on global warming stands out as the most significant. To address this issue, activated carbon (AC) has gained prominence as an effective CO2 adsorption agent, owing to its porous structure, expansive surface area, cost-effectiveness, and environmentally friendly properties. In this current research, activated carbon was produced from castor stalk biomass through a single-stage chemical activation process known as pyrolysis. This method is lauded for its cost-efficiency, simplicity, and minimal environmental impact. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and aluminum sulfate (ALUM) were employed as the activating agents. Subsequently, the synthesized activated carbon was subjected to Methylene Blue adsorption testing to evaluate its CO2 adsorption capacity, among other potential applications. The characterization of the activated carbon derived from castor stalk involved a series of techniques, including CHNS analysis, proximate analysis, SEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET surface area analysis. These analyses unveiled the impressive attributes of the castor stalk-derived activated carbon, featuring an exceptionally high surface area of 1687 m2/g, a substantial pore volume of 1.015 cm3/g, and a pore diameter of 2.71 nm. Furthermore, the Methylene Blue adsorption test yielded a remarkable value of 447.72 mg/g with 89.5% adsorption efficiency. High CO2 adsorption capacity (2.46 mmol/g) was observed over castor stalk-derived activated carbon. The comparative study shows higher CO2 adsorption capacity in comparison to activated carbon derived from various biomasses using KOH as the activating agent. So, the present study shows activated carbon derived from Castor stalk using KOH and Alum as activating agent can be a promising method for CO2 adsorption.
Nutrient, phytochemical and carotenoid profiles of two cultivars of Pterocarpus santalinoides (nturukpa) as affected by selected processing methods
Authors: Okparauka Immaculata I , Ojimelukwe Philippa C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Two cultivars of Pterocarpus santalinoides (Nturukpa) (light green Avuo and dark green oseleukwu) were investigated for their nutrient composition, phytochemical content and carotenoid profiles. The effects of oven-drying at 550C for 1h 20 min; sauteeing in palm oil for 3 min and blanching in boiling water for 5 min on the nutrients and phytochemicals were evaluated. The nutrient content showed that the leaves were rich in protein (14.0%) and vitamin B6 73mg/100g). The leaves are also moderate sources of iron (6.2-7.4%), magnesium (42-44%), zinc (1.2%) and potassium (45.0-55.0%). Raw light green Avuo contained the highest amount of folate (vitamin B9). The pheolic contents, cyanogenic glycosides, anthocyanins, and phytates of the two P. santalinoides cultivars were statistically similar (p>0.05). Steroids, oxalate, tannins and alkaloids (7.7%) were higher in the light coloured cultivar (Avuo) while saponins and flavonoids (1.1%) were higher (p <0.5) in the dark green cultivar (Oseleukwu). The α-carotene, trans-β-carotene, and total β-carotene contents of the two P.santaniloides cultivars were statistically similar (P> 0.05). The most predominant peak in the chromatogram of the P. santalinoides was trans-beta-carotene. The nutrient and phytochemical composition of the two cultivars of P. santalinoides indicate that they are good sources of micronutrients and possess medicinal value.
A novel MAPK1 variant in a family with complex psychiatric and neurodegenerative clinical phenotype
Authors: Pokrzywa Wojciech , Dubey Abhishek , Rydzanicz Malgorzata , Barczak Anna , Szulc Natalia , Surpeta Bartłomiej , Kuzniewska Bozena , Gaweda-Walerych Katarzyna , Wężyk Michalina , Berdyński Mariusz , Fichna Jakub , Kostrzewa Grażyna , Gasperowicz Piotr , Stępniak Iwona , Szymańska Krystyna , Szczałuba Krzysztof , Brezovsky Jan , Dziembowska Magdalena , Ploski Rafal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders leading to dementia often have multifactorial etiologies, but monogenic causes are occasionally identified. We report a three-generation family with two individuals (mother and son) affected by a non-syndromic psychiatric disorder featuring early-onset cognitive decline. Exome sequencing revealed a novel MAPK1 variant (Y128C), de novo in mother, inherited by her son. Modeling demonstrated that the variant alters a regulatory region known as common docking site. Functional studies in patient’s fibroblasts revealed normal levels of phosphorylated MAPK1/3 (pMAPK1/3) but a reduced pMAPK1/pMAPK3 ratio, consistent with diminished MAPK1 activity. Experiments in C. elegans revealed that the variant conferred partial loss of function, reflected in the developmental and reproductive defects. Given the elevated Tau levels in the proband’s cerebrospinal fluid, we also investigated the MAPK1 variant in a C. elegans model expressing human Tau in neurons and observed that it exacerbated age-dependent neurodegeneration, suggesting a context-dependent role in this process. These findings suggest that the MAPK1 Y128C variant causes a novel adult-onset psychiatric disorder with dementia, distinct from the neurodevelopmental syndrome previously associated with MAPK1 mutations.
Shattered Connections: Insights into Indian Corporate Performance in the Wake of Geoeconomic Fragmentation
Authors: SENGUPTA SWAPNANIL 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The global economy is nearing fragmentation, which raises concerns about macrofinancial volatility, risks, and inefficiencies. This paper examines the effects of geoeconomic fragmentation on the financial performance of the Indian corporate sector. We analyse data from 55,104 Indian companies to assess how the global geopolitical risk index and the total number of sanctions impact corporate vulnerability, measured by the Altman Emerging Market Z-score, from 1990 to 2023. We use two-way Fixed Effects, Fully Modified OLS, Panel Dynamic OLS, and local projections to explore these relationships. Our findings show that higher fragmentation is linked to increased financial distress across all specifications. Cumulative impulse response functions indicate that financial distress peaks between years 7 and 10 after shocks from geopolitical risks and sanctions, with persistent vulnerabilities in the long term and sporadic recoveries. We also find that construction and services firms are most affected by geopolitical risks, while no statistically significant relationship could be established for financial, electricity, and mining firms. Analysing based on ownership structures, we conclude that joint firms experience the greatest negative impacts; however, government and foreign-private firms show no significant effects. Additionally, trade sanctions are found to be more impactful than financial sanctions.
JEL Codes: F36, F50, F51, G32
Leguminous and oil contaminated soils indigenous bacteria industrially more potent than unplanted soil
Authors: Shaheen Musrat , Fazal Lubna , Naz Gull , Akram Nadia , Sarwar Ayesha , Mahmood Sara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Leguminous and oil contaminated soils are considered an important rich reservoir for industrial and environmentally important bacteria. However, how indigenous bacteria from these rich soils are different in terms of multiple enzymatic potential in comparison of bacterial isolates from unplanted soil is needed to bio-prospect it. Here, a comparative study was conducted to measure simultaneous multiple enzymatic potential (amylase, lipase, protease) of three indigenous Bacillus spp (Bacillus sp.1, Bacillus sp.2, Bacillus sp.3) isolated from oil contaminated, leguminous and unplanted soils. A significant (P < 0.05) differences in multiple enzyme production among three Bacillus species collected from three different types of soil (oil contaminated, leguminous, unplanted) was revealed by utilizing variety of substrates (starch, soybean), (olive oil, sunflower oil) and (casein, soybean) respectively. Maximum amylase production (21.554 ± 1.120 mm) on starch and protease (14.350 ± 1.100mm) on casein was observed from Bacillus sp.2 (leguminous soil), while lipase production was (20.241 ± 1.990mm) high in Bacillus sp.1 (oil contaminated soil) on olive oil. However, Bacillus sp.3 (unplanted soil) exhibited least enzymes capabilities (3.458 ± O.135mm), (2.208 ± 0.215) and (4.516 ± 0.225mm), at 37°C temperature, pH 7 after 48 hour respectively. Furthermore, enzyme production significantly decreased with the increase of temperature from 47°C, to 57°C. Results showed positive relationship between rich soil (oil-contaminated, leguminous soil) and multiple bacterial enzymatic potential as compare to unplanted soil. These findings demonstrated that indigenous Bacillus species from above soil types, have potential for multiple industrial enzymes, further indicating, these soils as highly demanding habitats for investigation of indigenous bacterial diversity with variety of industrial potential.
Can Toll-Lıke Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphism Play a Role ın Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer?
Authors: Arpaci Erkan , Celik Sevim Karakas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cause of death from cancer in women worldwide. Dynamic interaction between tumors and the immune system is essential for tumor survival, growth, and metastasis. The immune system is known to play a major role in preventing tumor progression by recognizing tumor antigens, and dysregulation of immune system activity could contribute to tumorigenesis. Recent studies have shown that dysregulation of innate immunity receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the activation of natural and adaptive immunity in response to endogenous hazard signals from pathogens and damaged or dead cells. These receptors are expressed in the immune system cells and some epithelial cells. Recent studies have shown that these receptors are also exaggerated in malignant breast cancer cells. Many studies have shown that the TLR4 gene expression is increased in breast cancer cells, but also associated with metastasis. However, there is no study that could correlate TLR4 gene polymorphisms with breast cancer.
Materials and methods: We conducted a case study with 100 patients and 100 healthy subjects and planned to investigate whether there is a relationship between TLR4 gene polymorphisms [rs4986790 (Asp299Gly) ve rs4986791 (Thr399Ile)] and breast cancer. In this study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was used for gene polymorphisms.
Results: It was observed that there was relationship between breast cancer and TLR4 gene polymorphisms. Because TLR-4 plays an active role in the innate immune system, the loss of function of this protein may lead to a depressed immune response, thus promoting cancer development.