bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-day reliability of heart rate complexity and variability metrics in healthy highly active younger and older adults
Authors: Fennell Christopher R. J. , Mauger Alexis R. , Hopker James G. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the inter-day reliability of time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear HRV metrics in healthy highly active younger and older adults. The study also assessed the effect of age on the HRV metrics.

Methods
Forty-four older adults (34 M, 10F; 59 ± 5 years; $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

= 40.9 ± 7.6 ml kg−1 min−1) and twenty-two younger adults (16 M, 6F; 22 ± 4 years; $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

= 47.2 ± 12.8 ml kg−1 min−1) attended the laboratory. Visit one assessed aerobic fitness through an exercise test. In visits two and three, participants completed a 30-min supine RR interval measurement to derive the HRV metrics.

Results
The younger group (YG) and older group (OG) demonstrated poor to good day-to-day relative and absolute reliability for all HRV metrics (OG, ICCs = 0.33 to 0.69 and between day CVs = 3.8 to 29.2%; YG, ICCs = 0.37 to 0.93 and between day CVs = 3.5 to 36.5%). There was a significant reduction in ApEn (P < 0.001), SampEn (P = 0.031), RMSSD (P < 0.001), SDNN (P < 0.001), LF power (P < 0.001) and HF power (P < 0.001), HRV metrics with ageing. There was no significant effect of age the complexity metrics DFA α1 (P = 0.107), α2 (P = 0.147) and CI-8 (P = 0.493).

Conclusion
HRV metrics are reproducible between days in both healthy highly active younger and older adults. There is a decline in linear and nonlinear HRV metrics with age, albeit there being no age-related change in the nonlinear metrics, DFA α1, α2 and CI-8.
Long-term outcome after SphinKeeper® surgery for treating fecal incontinence—who are good candidates?
Authors: Dawoud Christopher , Widmann Kerstin Melanie , Pereyra David , Harpain Felix , Riss Stefan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPurposeThe efficacy of the novel SphinKeeper® procedure for the treatment of fecal incontinence (FI) is not yet well defined. This study aimed to assess long-term functional outcomes after SphinKeeper® surgery.MethodsWe included 32 patients with FI (28 female), who were operated at a tertiary referral center between August 2018 and September 2021. Functional outcome and quality of life were evaluated prospectively using validated questionnaires before and after surgery. Additionally, endoanal ultrasound and anal manometry were conducted prior and after SphinKeeper® implantation. Predictive parameters for treatment success were defined.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 22.62 ± 8.82 months. The St. Mark’s incontinence score decreased significantly after surgery (median preoperative = 19 (IQR 17–22) versus median last follow-up = 12 (IQR 8–16),p = 0.001). Similarly, physical short-form health survey showed a significant improvement after SphinKeeper® implantation (p = 0.011).Patients with a higher degree of internal sphincter defect showed an improved objective therapy success (r = 0.633,p = 0.015) after SphinKeeper® operation, whereas the type and severity of FI had no impact on the functional outcome. Notably, a higher number of dislocated prostheses (r = 0.772,p = 0.015) showed a significant correlation with reduced improvement of incontinence.ConclusionThe SphinKeeper® procedure showed a significant long-term functional improvement in over half of the patients. Patients with a higher internal sphincter defect benefited most, whereas dislocation of the prostheses was associated with less favorable results.
ReSleeve or revisional one anastomosis gastric bypass for failed primary sleeve gastrectomy with dilated gastric tube: a retrospective study
Authors: Gerges Wadie Boshra , Omar Ahmed S. M. , Shoka Ahmed Ain , Hamed Mohammed Abdalmegeed , Abdelrahim Hossam S. , Makram Fady 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) has been increasingly performed due to weight loss failure (WLF). Many revisional procedures have been proposed after primary laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (pLSG) failure, including ReSleeve gastrectomy (ReLSG), and laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (LOAGB). Choosing the RBS post-pLSG failure represents a challenge. WLF without gastric tube (GT) dilation is undoubtedly converted to a malabsorptive procedure, but the presence of GT dilation makes it more difficult to select a RBS. This study aimed to compare two relatively simple revisional procedures after pLSG failure with dilated GT to help decision making on which procedure better done to which patient.

Methods
Data of 52 patients who completed one year follow-up (FU) after their RBS (ReLSG: 27 or LOAGB: 25) for their failed pLSG were collected, assessed, correlated to weight loss (WL) and compared.

Results
Mean operative time was 97 ± 18.4 min. with revisional LOAGB (RLOAGB) and 62 ± 11 min. with ReLSG. Six patients (11.5%) had seven postoperative procedure-specific complications. Significant hemorrhage occurred in three patients. Two cases of leakage were encountered with each procedure. LOAGB Patients had lower mean final weight (76.2 ± 10.5 vs 85.3 ± 13), lower mean Final BMI (26.4 ± 2.5 vs 29.7 ± 2.9) and higher mean percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%) (83.6 ± 13.5% vs 60.29 ± 14.6%). All RLOAGB patients and 77.8% of ReLSG patients had EWL% > 50%. RLOAGB patients had higher EWL% compared to ReLSG (p < 0.001). Insufficient WL (IWL) patients had higher EWL% compared to weight regain (WR) patients (p = 0.034).

Conclusion
Both procedures (RLOAGB and ReLSG) were relatively safe and effective in terms of WL. RLOAGB led to higher WL compared to ReLSG in all types of patients despite higher Caloric intake. IWL patients had more WL compared to WR patients. WL was not related to GT dilation type. Large-scale longer-FU studies are still needed.

Trial registration
PACTR202310644487566 (retrospectively registered).
On discrete-time dissipative port-Hamiltonian (descriptor) systems
Authors: Cherifi Karim , Gernandt Hannes , Hinsen Dorothea , Mehrmann Volker 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPort-Hamiltonian (pH) systems have been studied extensively for linear continuous-time dynamical systems. This manuscript presents a discrete-time pH descriptor formulation for linear, completely causal, scattering passive dynamical systems based on the system coefficients. The relation of this formulation to positive and bounded real systems and the characterization via positive semidefinite solutions of Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov inequalities is also studied.
Bidirectional normalized $$q$$-rung orthopair fuzzy projection and extended TOPSIS approach to multiattribute group decision making
Authors: Jia Xiaoping , Jia Baozhu , Pan Xinxiang , Xu Yuanyuan , Zhang Shoujun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract$$q$$
q
-rung orthopair fuzzy sets ($$q$$
q
-ROFSs), as a generalization of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs), can depict uncertain attitudes more flexibly and bear decision information more extensively. Innumerable fuzzy assessment verdicts that exceed IFSs or PFSs can be captured by $$q$$
q
-ROFSs. To make the evaluation process more adaptive, in this article, we explore the application of $$q$$
q
-ROFSs to multiattribute group decision making (MAGDM) by employing the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) approach. In view of the comprehensive tool of projection method for measuring the proximity of decision vectors, we further propose innovative bidirectional normalized projection measures that consider not only distance but also spatial angle to replace traditional distance measures such as Hamming and Euclidean. A new extension of TOPSIS methodology is then addressed in the context of MAGDM with $$q$$
q
-ROFSs, which eliminates the transformation and aggregation steps to ensure less information loss. At length, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed framework are demonstrated by an example of ship equipment reliability evaluation with comparative analysis, and future research directions are also suggested.
Antimicrobial use and resistance in food animal production: food safety and associated concerns in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Odey Timothy Obiebe Jason , Tanimowo Williams Omotola , Afolabi Kayode Olayinka , Jahid Iqbal Kabir , Reuben Rine Christopher 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe use of antimicrobials in food animal (FA) production is a common practice all over the world, with even greater usage and dependence in the developing world, including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, this practice which serves obvious economic benefits to producers has raised public health concerns over the last decades, thus driving the selection and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and adversely impacting food safety and environmental health. This review presents the current and comprehensive antimicrobial usage practices in food animal production across SSA. We further highlighted the overall regional drivers as well as the public health, environmental, and economic impact of antimicrobial use in the production of food animals. Antimicrobial use is likely to increase with even exacerbated outcomes unless cost-effective, safe, and sustainable alternatives to antibiotics, especially probiotics, prebiotics, bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, vaccines, etc. are urgently advocated for and used in food animal production in SSA. These, in addition to the implementation of strong legislation on antimicrobial use, and improved hygiene will help mitigate the public health concerns associated with antimicrobial use in food animals and improve the well-being and safety of food animals and their products.
Logic program proportions
Authors: Antić Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present a fresh idea on how symbolic learning might be realized via analogical reasoning. For this, we introduce directed analogical proportions between logic programs of the form “P transforms into Q as R transforms into S” as a mechanism for deriving similar programs by analogy-making. The idea is to instantiate a fragment of a recently introduced abstract algebraic framework of analogical proportions in the domain of logic programming. Technically, we define proportions in terms of modularity where we derive abstract forms of concrete programs from a “known” source domain which can then be instantiated in an “unknown” target domain to obtain analogous programs. To this end, we introduce algebraic operations for syntactic logic program composition and concatenation. Interestingly, our work suggests a close relationship between modularity, generalization, and analogy which we believe should be explored further in the future. In a broader sense, this paper is a further step towards a mathematical theory of logic-based analogical reasoning and learning with potential applications to open AI-problems like commonsense reasoning and computational learning and creativity.
First detection of a potentially invasive species using a multi-threat early detection trap network
Authors: Herrera Cayetano , Hervías-Parejo Sandra , Traveset Anna , Leza Mar 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn this study we implemented an early detection and rapid response trapping network in the entry and distribution areas of plant material for 20 species on the island of Mallorca (the Balearic Islands, Westernmost Mediterranean Archipelago). Through this system we have detected the European hornet Vespa crabro, an exotic species, which despite not being included among the 20 target species. The European hornet is naturally present in Eurasia and absent in the Balearic and Canary Islands (Spain). It was detected in a port in the north of the island and based on the precautionary principle, the biosecurity administration in the control of species decided to classify it as potential invasive species and proceeded to search for the nest.
APR4Vul: an empirical study of automatic program repair techniques on real-world Java vulnerabilities
Authors: Bui Quang-Cuong , Paramitha Ranindya , Vu Duc-Ly , Massacci Fabio , Scandariato Riccardo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSecurity vulnerability fixes could be a promising research avenue for Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques. In recent years, APR tools have been thoroughly developed for fixing generic bugs. However, the area is still relatively unexplored when it comes to fixing security bugs or vulnerabilities. In this paper, we evaluate nine state-of-the-art APR tools and one vulnerability-specific repair tool. In particular, we investigate their ability to generate patches for 79 real-world Java vulnerabilities in the Vul4J dataset, as well as the level of trustworthiness of these patches. We evaluate the tools with respect to their ability to generate security patches that are (i) testable, (ii) having the positive effect of closing the vulnerability, and (iii) not having side effects from a functional point of view. Our results show that the evaluated APR tools were able to generate testable patches for around 20% of the considered vulnerabilities. On average, nearly 73% of the testable patches indeed eliminate the vulnerabilities, but only 44% of them could actually fix security bugs while maintaining the functionalities. To understand the root cause of this phenomenon, we conduct a detailed comparative study of the general bug fix patterns in Defect4J and the vulnerability fix patterns in ExtraVul (which we extend from Vul4J). Our investigation shows that, although security patches are short in terms of lines of code, they contain unique characteristics in their fix patterns compared to general bugs. For example, many security fixes require adding method calls. These method calls contain specific input validation-related keywords, such asencode,normalize, andtrim. In this regard, our study suggests that additional repair patterns should be implemented for existing APR tools to fix more types of security vulnerabilities.
Moving Past Conventionalism About Multilevel Selection
Authors: Bourrat Pierrick 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe formalism used to describe evolutionary change in a multilevel setting can be used equally to re-describe the situation as one where all the selection occurs at the individual level. Thus, whether multilevel or individual-level selection occurs seems to be a matter of convention rather than fact. Yet, group selection is regarded by some as an important concept with factual rather than conventional elements. I flesh out an alternative position that regards groups as a target of selection in a way that is not merely definitional fiat and provide a theoretical basis for this position.
Children with cancer and their cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function—the long-term effects of a physical activity program during treatment: a multicenter non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fridh Martin Kaj , Schmidt-Andersen Peter , Andrés-Jensen Liv , Thorsteinsson Troels , Wehner Peder Skov , Hasle Henrik , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to determine the effects of a classmate-supported, supervised, in-hospital physical activity program during treatment primarily on cardiorespiratory fitness and secondarily on physical function.

Methods
A multicenter non-randomized controlled intervention study including children diagnosed with cancer, 6–18 years at diagnosis treated with chemo-/radiotherapy. The intervention comprised (i) an educational session on cancer in the child’s school class; (ii) selection of two “ambassadors”—classmates who were co-admitted, supporting the child’s everyday hospital life; and (iii) supervised in-hospital physical activity from diagnosis and throughout intensive treatment. One-year post-treatment, physical testing included cardiorespiratory fitness (primary outcome), Sit-to-Stand test, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Handgrip Strength.

Results
The intervention group included 75 of 120 children (61% boys, 13.4 ± 3.1 years); the control groups included 33 of 58 children with cancer (58% boys, 13.5 ± 2.5 years), and 94 age- and sex-matched children without a cancer history. One-year post-treatment, cardiorespiratory fitness tended to be higher in the intervention group (37.0 ± 6.0 mL/kg/min) than in the patient control group with cancer (32.3 ± 9.7 mL/kg/min) (mean difference 4.7 [0.4 to 9.1], p = 0.034). The intervention group performed better in the secondary outcomes. Compared with community controls, both patient groups had lower cardiorespiratory fitness. The patient control group had lower Sit-to-Stand, Timed Up and Go, and Handgrip Strength, while the intervention group had strength comparable to that of the community controls.

Conclusions
Peer-supported, supervised, in-hospital physical activity during treatment may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength 1-year post-treatment in children with cancer; however, survivors continue to have lower cardiorespiratory fitness than community controls.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Children with cancer may benefit from in-hospital physical activity in improving long-term cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength.
Fortification of an Innovative Tomato Cold Soup with High Bioaccessible Sulforaphene from UV-B–Treated Radish Seeds
Authors: Martínez-Zamora Lorena , Castillejo Noelia , Artés-Hernández Francisco 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop an innovative tomato cold soup fortified in bioactive compounds through the incorporation of UV-B–treated radish seeds. After a 20 kJ m−2 UV-B treatment, radish seeds increased their sulforaphene content by 30%. Different concentrations of UV-B–treated seeds (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 5 g kg−1) were added to a chopped vegetables cold soup, mainly made of Kumato® cherry tomatoes as novelty, including pepper, cucumber, and garlic, which was stored for 8 days at 4 °C. Added seeds did not affect physicochemical quality attributes, microbial growth, nor sensory perception. Nevertheless, a dose-dependent behaviour was shown in glucoraphenin and sulforaphene content, according to concentrations of UV-B–treated seeds added. It was also appreciated after an in vitro digestion that the bioaccessible fraction of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates was kept constant throughout the refrigerated storage. The sulforaphene content of the soup increased by ~ 19% after 2 days at 4 °C, of which the 33% was bioaccessible (measured in vitro), and subsequently was degraded by ~ 20% after 8 days at 4 °C.
Excessive Ethanol Oxidation Versus Efficient Chain Elongation Processes
Authors: Quintela Cesar , Peshkepia Evi , Grimalt-Alemany Antonio , Nygård Yvonne , Olsson Lisbeth , Skiadas Ioannis V. , Gavala Hariklia N. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Chain elongation is a metabolic feature that consists of the elongation of short-chain fatty acids to longer and more valuable acids when ethanol is available. To lower the operational costs, the process can also be performed using mixed microbial cultures. However, certain microorganisms in the mixed cultures can use the ethanol provided in competing reactions, which is usually termed excessive ethanol oxidation (EEO). Although minimizing ethanol use is essential, there is a lack of studies analyzing the extent, causes, and solutions to excessive ethanol oxidation processes.

Methods
To address this knowledge gap, ethanol, and acetic acid mixtures, at a molar ratio of 5 to 2, were fermented, and the following were analyzed: the fermentation profile at different (1) pH and (2) headspace gas compositions, (3) a 16S analysis of the headspace gas composition fermentations, and (4) a thermodynamic analysis of the reactions involved.
Results and Conclusions: All fermentations, except the ones at the lowest pH (5.3), exhibited a significant EEO activity that reduced the yield of chain-elongated products. It was demonstrated that neither the inhibition of methanogenic activity nor the increased H2 partial pressure is an efficient method to inhibit EEO. It was also shown that CO2 can act as an electron acceptor for EEO, promoting the growth of acetogenic bacteria. In the absence of CO2, sulfate was used as an electron acceptor by sulfate-reducing bacteria to facilitate EEO. Methods such as low pH operation with in-line extraction, and the use of alternative sulfur salts, are proposed to increase the ethanol use efficiency in chain elongation processes.

Graphical Abstract
A flocking control algorithm of multi-agent systems based on cohesion of the potential function
Authors: Li Chenyang , Yang Yonghui , Jiang Guanjie , Chen Xue-Bo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFlocking cohesion is critical for maintaining a group’s aggregation and integrity. Designing a potential function to maintain flocking cohesion unaffected by social distance is challenging due to the uncertainty of real-world conditions and environments that cause changes in agents’ social distance. Previous flocking research based on potential functions has primarily focused on agents’ same social distance and the attraction–repulsion of the potential function, ignoring another property affecting flocking cohesion: well depth, as well as the effect of changes in agents’ social distance on well depth. This paper investigates the effect of potential function well depths and agent’s social distances on the multi-agent flocking cohesion. Through the analysis, proofs, and classification of these potential functions, we have found that the potential function well depth is proportional to the flocking cohesion. Moreover, we observe that the potential function well depth varies with the agents’ social distance changes. Therefore, we design a segmentation potential function and combine it with the flocking control algorithm in this paper. It enhances flocking cohesion significantly and has good robustness to ensure the flocking cohesion is unaffected by variations in the agents’ social distance. Meanwhile, it reduces the time required for flocking formation. Subsequently, the Lyapunov theorem and the LaSalle invariance principle prove the stability and convergence of the proposed control algorithm. Finally, this paper adopts two subgroups with different potential function well depths and social distances to encounter for simulation verification. The corresponding simulation results demonstrate and verify the effectiveness of the flocking control algorithm.
Evolution of the magnetic field and flows of solar active regions with persistent magnetic bipoles before emergence
Authors: Alley C.S. , Schunker H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Magnetic active regions on the Sun are harbingers of space weather. Understanding the physics of how they form and evolve will improve space weather forecasting. Our aim is to characterise the surface magnetic field and flows for a sample of active regions with persistent magnetic bipoles prior to emergence. We identified 42 emerging active regions (EARs), in the Solar Dynamics Observatory Helioseismic Emerging Active Region survey (Schunker et al. 2016, A&A. 595, A107), associated with small magnetic bipoles at least one day before the time of emergence. We then identified a contrasting sample of 42 EARs that emerge more abruptly without bipoles before emergence. We computed the supergranulation-scale surface flows using helioseismic holography. We averaged the flow maps and magnetic field maps over all active regions in each sample at each time interval from 2 d before emergence to 1 d after. We found that EARs associated with a persistent pre-emergence bipole evolve to be, on average, lower flux active regions than EARs that emerge more abruptly. Further, we found that the EARs that emerge more abruptly do so with a diverging flow of

$(3\pm 0.6) \times 10^{-6}$

s

$^{-1}$

on the order of 50–100 ms

$^{-1}$

. Our results show that there is a statistical dependence of the surface flow signature throughout the emergence process on the maximum magnetic flux of the active region.