bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resistance X9R‐type colossal dielectric ceramics achieved by reducing grain size in Y‐modified SrTiO3
Authors: Li Chenlin , Huang Chu , Zhu Mingliang , Wang Siyuan , Xu Anqi , Liu Xiao , Chen Xue , Yan Shiguang , Peng Biaolin , Deng Jianming , Lei Xiuyun , Shen Yufang , Liu Laijun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectronic components are widely used in the field of electronic information. It is more and more important to prepare miniaturized and better performance electronic components. In this work, Sr1−3x/2YxTiO3 (x = 0.005, 0.0075, 0.01, 0.0125) ceramics were prepared by the traditional solid‐phase synthesis method. N2 annealing induces the appearance of lattice defects and free carriers and defect dipoles (). The defect dipoles easily induce the electron‐pinning defect dipole effect and inhibit the movement of free carriers, which can enhance the dielectric constant and reduce the dielectric loss simultaneously. The electrons cannot pass through the insulating grain boundary and accumulate in the conductive grains under an external electric field, forming the internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC). The ceramic was further refined by high‐energy ball milling to improve the temperature and frequency stability of the ceramic. Under the combined action of rare‐earth doping, atmosphere annealing, and high‐energy ball milling, a dielectric ceramic material with colossal permittivity, low loss, high resistivity, frequency, and temperature stability that meets the ELA X9R capacitor standard was prepared.
Unraveling medium‐range order and melting mechanism of ZIF‐4 under high temperature
Authors: Shi Zuhao , Liu Bin , Yue Yuanzheng , Arramel Arramel , Li Neng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlass formation in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) has garnered significant attention in the field of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in recent years. Numerous works have been conducted to investigate the microscopic mechanisms involved in the melting–quenching process of ZIFs. Understanding the density variations that occur during the melting process of ZIFs is crucial for comprehending the origins of glass formation. However, conducting large‐scale simulations has been challenging due to limitations in computational resources. In this work, we used deep‐learning methods to accurately construct a potential function that describes the atomic‐scale melting behavior of ZIF‐4. The results revealed the spatial heterogeneity associated with the formation of low‐density phases during the melting process of ZIF‐4. This work discusses the advantages and limitations of applying deep‐learning simulation methods to complex structures like ZIFs, providing valuable insights for the development of machine‐learning approaches in designing MOF glasses.
Patient experiences during the planned perioperative care pathway: An integrative review
Authors: Bur J. A. , Wilson N. J. , Lewis P. R. , Missen K. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimsThis integrative review aimed to synthesize evidence about the patients' experiences during the planned perioperative care pathway.DesignIntegrative review.Data SourcesCumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline Ovid, Scopus, and American Psychological Association (APA) PsychINFO. Original, peer‐reviewed studies published in English between 2012 and 2023 exploring patient experiences during the planned perioperative care pathway were reviewed.MethodsThis review was guided by the Whittemore and Knafl method and followed PRISMA guidelines to search the literature. Twenty‐two articles were selected for the final study.ResultsThree themes emerged: Sharing of information is empowering; interpersonal relationships are valued by patients, and hospital systems and care co‐ordination influence the patient experience.ConclusionsThe quality and consistency of the information patients receive can both support and undermine patient confidence in health professionals. The quality of relationships that participants experience and effective communication with health professionals can support or compromise the quality of the patients' perioperative experience. The nature of the hospital systems and care co‐ordination in hospital has implications for the quality of recovery from surgery.ImpactThis review evaluates whether national and international health services and organizations, adhering to the WHO guidelines, have developed and implemented intentionally focused perioperative care with the aims to achieving effective and sustainable surgical outcomes through increased patient satisfaction.No Patient or Public ContributionThis article is an integrative review and does not include patient or public contribution.
Usefulness of working with a person‐centred intervention in a group: Perspectives from facilitators and persons with mental illness
Authors: Jensen Kira , Maties Flavia M. , Nissen Hanne B. , Christiansen Jette , Jørgensen Rikke 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhen implementing new interventions into clinical practice, it is of great importance to investigate the implementation process to better understand factors promoting and impeding the implementation to stimulate engagement and sustainability of the intervention. It is essential to consider perspectives both from the health professionals delivering the intervention and those receiving the intervention to be open to their suggestions for enhancing the dissemination and implementation of the intervention. The aim of the study was to evaluate adoption, acceptability and appropriateness of a person‐centred group intervention (PCGI) from the perspectives of facilitators and participants with mental illness in mental health outpatient services right after delivery.MethodsA qualitative interview study design was used. Interview data from three individual interviews, one group interview with facilitators and 16 individual interviews with participants were analyzed through content analysis.ResultsAs described in the following three categories, the facilitators and participants found the PCGI overall useful and meaningful to deliver and receive: (1) application of a PCGI in clinical practice, (2) balancing the facilitator role and (3) establishing and maintaining a safe relationship.ConclusionFacilitators and participants found the form and structure of the PCGI useful and meaningful. Some participants dropped out as they did not feel comfortable in a group setting. The components in the sessions, questions on cards and reflection sheets together with peer‐to‐peer interactions provided a safe environment. However, facilitation from facilitators requires appropriate skills and qualifications, which must be provided by the hospital together with supervision and the possibility for peer feedback and exchange of experiences.
The antiseizure medication valproate increases hemichannel activity found in brain cells, which could worsen disease outcomes
Authors: García‐Rodríguez Claudia , Duarte Yorley , Ardiles Álvaro O. , Sáez Juan C. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGlial cells play relevant roles in neuroinflammation caused by epilepsy. Elevated hemichannel (HC) activity formed by connexins (Cxs) or pannexin1 (Panx1) largely explains brain dysfunctions commonly caused by neuroinflammation. Glia express HCs formed by Cxs 43, 30, or 26, while glia and neurons both express HCs formed by Panx1. Cx43 HCs allow for the influx of Ca2+, which promotes glial reactivity, enabling the release of the gliotransmitters that contribute to neuronal over‐stimulation. Valproate (VPA), an antiseizure medication, has pleiotropic actions on neuronal molecular targets, and their action on glial cell HCs remains elusive. We used HeLa cells transfected with Cx43, Cx30, Cx26, or Panx1 to determine the effect of VPA on HC activity in the brain. VPA slightly increased HC activity under basal conditions, but significantly enhanced it in cells pre‐exposed to conditions that promoted HC activity. Furthermore, VPA increased ATP release through Cx43 HCs. The increased HC activity caused by VPA was resistant to washout, being consistent with in silico studies, which predicted the binding site for VPA and Cx43, as well as for Panx1 HCs on the intracellular side, suggesting that VPA first enters through HCs, after which their activity increases.image
Sodium–glucose linked transporter 2 inhibitors in liver cirrhosis: Beyond their antidiabetic use
Authors: Siafarikas Christos , Kapelios Chris J. , Papatheodoridi Margarita , Vlachogiannakos John , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Papatheodoridis George 
Published: January 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and liver cirrhosis are clinical entities that frequently coexist, but glucose‐lowering medication options are limited in cirrhotic patients. Sodium–glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a class of glucose‐lowering medication that act independently of insulin, by causing glycosuria in the proximal convoluted tubule. In this review, we aimed to briefly present the main data and to provide insight into the pathophysiology and potential usefulness of SGLT2 inhibitors in cirrhotic patients with or without T2DM. SGLT2 inhibitors have been proven useful as antidiabetic treatment in patients with metabolic liver disease, with most robust data from patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), where they also showed improvement in liver function parameters. Moreover, it has been suggested that SGLT2 inhibitors may have effects beyond their antidiabetic action. Accordingly, they have exhibited cardioprotective effects, expanding their indication in patients with heart failure without T2DM. Since decompensated liver cirrhosis and congestive heart failure share common pathophysiological features, namely renin–angiotensin–aldosterone axis and sympathetic nervous system activation as well as vasopressin secretion, SGLT2 inhibitors could also be beneficial in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, even in the absence of T2DM.
Comparison of NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD characteristics and mortality outcomes in United States adults
Authors: Song Rui , Li Zhao , Zhang Yingzhi , Tan Jiahe , Chen Zhiwei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground & AimsFollowing the classification of metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently been redefined again as metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the distinctions in characteristics and mortality outcomes between NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD remain unclear.MethodsWe analysed data from 7519 participants in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of United States (US) and their linked mortality until 2019. Survey weight‐adjusted multivariable Cox proportional model was used to study the mortality over three terms.ResultsThe prevalence of NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD was 18.5%, 19.3% and 20.8%, respectively. Most individuals with NAFLD (94.5%) or MAFLD (100%) can be classified as MASLD, while a relatively low percentage of those with MASLD were also diagnosed with either NAFLD (84.1%) or MAFLD (92.7%). During a median follow‐up of 26.9 years, both MAFLD and MASLD were associated with increased risk of all‐cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.18, 95% CI 1.04–1.33 and 1.19, 1.06–1.34, respectively), this association was mainly observed in NAFLD−/MASLD+ subgroups. NAFLD was not associated with all‐cause mortality. However, all three terms were associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality in individuals with advanced fibrosis (aHR: 1.71–1.81). Subgroup analyses showed that higher risk of all‐cause mortality for both MAFLD and MASLD were observed among older adults (≥65 year), non‐Hispanic whites and those without diabetes.ConclusionsBoth MASLD and MALFD were linked to higher all‐cause mortality risk, but MASLD identified a greater number of individuals compared to MAFLD.
Training Executive Functions Within the Mathematical Domain: A Pilot Study with an Integrated Digital‐Paper Procedure in Primary Second‐Grade
Authors: Ruffini Costanza , Chini Camilla , Lombardi Giulia , Della Rocca Silvia , Monaco Annarita , Campana Sara , Pecini Chiara 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInterventions targeting cognitive control processes, such as Executive Functions (EF) have recently been experimented to enhance early math skills. This pilot study explored the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention integrating EF activities into the mathematical domain among second‐grade students. One hundred and four typically‐developing‐children were assigned to either a group that underwent the intervention (Trained Group; n = 58) or a group that continued with daily didactic activities (Control Group; n = 46). The training lasted for 8 weeks and included both home‐based digital and school‐based paper activities. According to teachers' feedback, the intervention was highly appreciated by children and compatible with classical school curricula. The Trained Group improved in behavioral self‐regulation, math abilities and problem‐solving in comparison to the Control Group. Notably, within the Trained Group, benefits of the training were higher in children with high working memory. This training offers a model to support math learning in primary school, considering inter‐individual differences in EF.
The effect of cold gel pack application in the prevention of amiodarone‐related phlebitis
Authors: Okyay Burcu , Basak Tulay 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold application on amiodarone‐related vein phlebitis. A quasi‐experimental design was used. The study sample consisted of 79 patients who received an amiodarone infusion. The control group of the study consisted of patients receiving amiodarone treatment, while the intervention group consisted of patients receiving cold application during the amiodarone infusion. In the intervention group, after the start of amiodarone treatment, cold gel packs were applied a total of 12 times for 15 min at 2‐h intervals. The rate of phlebitis development was 59% in the intervention group and 95% in the control group (p < .001). It was found that 52.2% of the patients in the intervention group had first grade phlebitis and 84.4% of the patients in the control group who developed phlebitis had second grade phlebitis (p < .001). The 15‐min cold application was found to be effective in terms of the rate of phlebitis development, phlebitis grade and time of phlebitis development. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05058053).
Mapping and ablation of ventricular arrhythmias arising from the left ventricular summit
Authors: Zhou Zhi‐Xiang , Zheng Cheng , Hu You‐Dong , Lin Jia Feng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe left ventricular summit (LVS) refers to the highest portion of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). It is an epicardially delimited triangular area by the left coronary arteries and the coronary venous circulation. Its deep myocardium correlates closely with the left coronary cusp, aortic‐mitral continuity, and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), complicating the anatomical relationship. Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from this area are common, accounting for 14.5% of all VAs origin from left ventricle. Specific electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics may assist in locating LVS‐VAs pre‐procedure and facilitate procedure planning. However, catheter ablation of LVS‐VAs remains challenging because of anatomical constraints. This paper reviews the recent understanding of LVS anatomy, concludes ECG characteristics, and summarizes current mapping and ablation methods for LVS‐VAs.
Natural grassland conversion to agriculture or pine plantations: Effects on soil methane uptake
Authors: De Bernardi María , Priano Maria Eugenia , Fernández Maria Elena , Gyenge Javier , Juliarena Maria Paula 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUpland soils are the only known biological sink for methane (CH4) by methanotrophic bacteria consumption. This process is mainly limited by the diffusion processes related to the soil's physical characteristics, which can be modified because of changes in land use depending on the soil type, the original system and the new land use converted. Our study focused on determining the differences in soil CH4 uptake because of changes in land use (from natural grassland to agricultural land and two Pinus radiata afforestation, differing in thinning management) and on determining which are the main drivers that control CH4 uptake in the studied soil type (Hapludoll), with focus on the diffusion process. CH4 fluxes were measured 12 times with the static chamber technique between October 2015 and April 2019. Also, CH4 gradient concentration in the soil profile and physical and chemical variables were measured on the same dates. All land uses studied acted as net CH4 sinks. Land‐use change from grassland to agriculture decreased soil CH4 uptake (~37% ± 19), whereas afforestation increased (~85% ± 73) this environmental service related to natural grassland. We found that the main drivers that control CH4 uptake in this soil are water and air‐filled pore space, variables that govern soil CH4 diffusion; they are mostly related to differences in bulk density (compaction) among land uses. Organic matter was also an important driver, mainly related to soil structure. Land‐use change affected all of these drivers. CH4 concentration presented differences at deeper soil layers only in the two afforestations, which differed in management (pruning and thinning vs. no management). However, CH4 uptake did not present significant differences between them, suggesting that there is no need for a high tree cover to increase the CH4 sink of the soil. This mixed tree and herbaceous cover may result in a similar environmental service output, increasing the options of land uses.
Advancing cytomegalovirus prevention in solid organ transplant recipients: The promise of cell‐mediated immune assays
Authors: Beechar Vivek B. , Phadke Varun K. , Pouch Stephanie M. , Woodworth Michael H. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are a major source of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Prophylactic, preemptive, and hybrid prevention strategies have traditionally been the mainstay of CMV prevention but there is growing interest in the use of CMV cell‐mediated immune assays to inform novel approaches to risk stratification. Recent evidence suggests that CMV interferon‐gamma release assays can offer predictive insights into the risk for CMV‐related illnesses, raising the potential for tailored CMV prevention strategies anchored to each individual's unique CMV immune profile. However, the predictive capacity of these assays for CMV‐related illnesses can be profoundly influenced by when they are performed relative to transplant, and the induction immunosuppressive regimen the patient has received. In this review, we explore the relevant literature shaping our understanding of the optimal use of these assays. Furthermore, we also highlight the benefits of quantifying the CD4+ and CD8+ T‐Cell responses to CMV, which is offered by some interferon‐gamma release assays utilizing intracellular cytokine staining, for providing a holistic assessment of the recovery of cell‐mediated immunity post‐induction immunosuppression.
Preoperative hemoglobin thresholds for increased risk of “medical” complications in fast‐track total hip and knee arthroplasty, a secondary analysis of a machine‐learning algorithm
Authors: Jørgensen Christoffer C. , Michelsen Christian , Petersen Troels , Kehlet Henrik 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing evidence that gender‐specific hemoglobin thresholds may not be ideal in the surgical population. Thus, preoperative anemia defined as a hemoglobin of <13.0 g/dL is a well‐established risk factor in elective surgery. However, few studies have investigated the specific influence of preoperative hemoglobin within a machine‐learning model using data from an optimized fast‐track surgical setup.Study Design and MethodsA secondary analysis on the specific influence of preoperative hemoglobin level on a machine‐learning model developed for identifying patients at increased risk of a length of stay (LOS) of >4 day or readmissions due to medical complications in fast‐track total hip and knee arthroplasty within a well‐defined fast‐track protocol. To evaluate the effect of hemoglobin on the model we calculated SHaply Additive Explanation (SHAP) values for the 3913 patients from our previous test‐dataset and stratified by gender and total hip and knee arthroplasty, respectively.ResultsThe study period ran from January 2017 to August 2017. Median LOS was 1 day and mean preoperative Hb was 15.5 g/dL (SD:1.5), lower in women (14.9 vs. 16.2 g/dL) and with 30.5% of women versus 12.0% of men having a Hb of <13.0 g/dL. There was a steep increase in SHAP value with a preoperative Hb < 14.8 g/dL, and irrespective of gender age and procedure type.DiscussionA machine‐learning model found a hemoglobin threshold of <14.8 g/dL for increased risk of impaired recovery, regardless of gender or age, supporting reevaluation of preoperative anemia thresholds in the elective surgical setting.
Determining a nonlinear hyperbolic system with unknown sources and nonlinearity
Authors: Lin Yi‐Hsuan , Liu Hongyu , Liu Xu 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to some inverse boundary problems associated with a time‐dependent semilinear hyperbolic equation, where both nonlinearity and sources (including initial displacement and initial velocity) are unknown. It is shown in several generic scenarios that one can uniquely determine the nonlinearity and/or the sources by using passive or active boundary observations. In order to exploit the nonlinearity and the sources simultaneously, we develop a new technique, which combines the observability for linear wave equations and an approximation property with higher order linearization for the semilinear hyperbolic equation.
Resonant Acoustic Vibration-Assisted Cathode Stripping for Efficient Recycling of Spent Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Xiao Yaohong , Su Jinrong , Chen Lei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The emerging field of direct recycling for spent Li-ion batteries offers significant advantages, such as reduced energy expenses and minimized secondary pollution, when compared to traditional pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods. This is due to its direct utilization of the spent cathodes as raw materials. However, efficient harvesting of spent cathode particles remains a challenge. To address this issue, this technical brief is the first to incorporate resonant acoustic vibration technology (RAV) as an efficient method for stripping cathode powders from spent Li-ion batteries. Our findings indicate that RAV-based techniques can achieve a stripping efficiency of up to 92%. A comparative analysis with conventional stripping methods, such as magnetic stirring, sonication, and curling–uncurling, reveals that RAV coupled with heat treatment provides unparalleled scalability and efficiency, eliminating the need for post-processing. Furthermore, the resulting cathode powders retain their original polycrystalline particle structures, with no impurities, such as carbon black or small aluminum fragments detected. These findings highlight the promise of RAV technology for large-scale recovery of electrode powders and its potential role in direct recycling of spent Li-ion batteries.