bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune thyroid status in subclinical thyroid disorders in patients attending a tertiary care center in Nepal: a hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sharma Vijay Kumar , Niraula Apeksha , Tuladhar Eans Tara , Bhattarai Aseem , Raut Mithileshwer , Dubey Raju Kumar , Baidya Sujata , Parajuli Naresh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid dysfunction is the leading endocrine disorder worldwide. Iodine deficiency disorders, which were once the major etiology of thyroid dysfunctions, now have been succeeded by autoimmune thyroid diseases with the rise in aberrant salt ionization protocols. This study endeavors to access the level of thyroid autoantibodies viz. anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (TGA), and anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TRAb) in individuals with subnormal thyroid profiles.

Methods
This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tribhuvan University for a period of six months. Using non-probability (purposive) sampling method, a total of 60 patients were enrolled with subnormal thyroid profiles to include the population who have not yet started medication. Thyroid hormones (free T3, free T4, TSH) and thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO, TGA, and TRAb) were measured. For non-parametric data, Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. Spearman’s correlation was done to determine the association between variables.

Results
Out of 60 participants, the majority of the population between 25 and 44 years were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction with female preponderance. Among all, 40% (n = 24) had subclinical hyperthyroid states while, 60% (n = 36) had subclinical hypothyroid states, and 75% (n = 45) of the total exhibited positive thyroid antibodies. In subclinical hypothyroid patients with TSH above 10 µIU/ml, anti TPO (58.5%) and TGA (66.7%) positivity were highly prevalent. On the other hand, TRAb was exclusively positive in hyperthyroid condition (50% among the group) which is by far the first of its kind reported in Nepal.

Conclusion
The rise in autoimmune thyroid disease among the Nepalese population infers that addressing iodine deficiency simply through salt iodinization may not be adequate to deal with the rising burden of thyroid disorders, especially in iodine-depleted areas. Also, the increasing prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies positivity in subclinical hypothyroidism in the Nepalese population accounts for the arduous screening and monitoring of autoimmune thyroid disorders in Nepal.
Endeavouring interplay: a grounded theory study of how nurse educators’ work with simulation-based learning
Authors: Røykenes Kari , Kvernenes Monika , Giske Tove 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Simulation-based learning is frequently used as a teaching and learning strategy in nursing and other health professions educations, and educators have a key role as facilitators. This facilitator role provides them with a particularly relevant perspective to help us understand and theorize around the essence of simulation-based learning, and how it is approached. This study aims to explore nurse educators’ experiences and strategies in simulation-based learning.

Method
Data were collected in 2018-2021 using in-depth interviews with eight nurse educators. Transcripts were analysed through constant comparison using Classical Grounded Theory approach.

Result
The participants' main concern was how to Maximize students' learning-space in simulation. To resolve this, four strategies were identified: legitimizing simulation, self-development, preparing students, and tailoring simulation. Legitimisation, and self-development were found to be important prerequisites for developing the learning space and were therefore defined as the background or context of the theory. Nurse students were the focus of the two remaining categories, preparing students and tailoring simulation, and are thus defined as being in the foreground of the theory. The dynamics of these four strategies were captured in the Grounded theory of Endeavouring interplay.

Conclusion
The theory of Endeavouring interplay illustrates the complexity educators are encountering when aiming to optimize simulation as a learning space for nurse students. The strategies used are adapted to the organisational climate, available resources and context, and include striving to legitimize simulation, pursue self-development in the role as facilitator, help students prepare for simulation-based learning, and tailor the simulation to both contextual factors and individual student needs.
AP4M1 as a prognostic biomarker associated with cell proliferation, migration and immune regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Peng Yuanhao , Li Xuanxuan , Kang Kuo , Zhou Yangying 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
AP4M1 is a protein-coding gene that plays a crucial role in transporter activity, recognition, and hereditary-associated diseases, but it’s largely unknown in cancers.

Methods
The expression level of AP4M1 in cancers was investigated by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and the correlation between AP4M1 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Univariate and multifactorial COX regression analyses were performed to clarify the prognostic value of AP4M1 in HCC. The correlation between AP4M1 and immune cell infiltration was analyzed using single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Besides, we verified the biological function of AP4M1 by applying Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, and transwell assays.

Results
The expression of AP4M1 was significantly elevated in HCC and was correlated with patients’ pathological grades, AFP, and BMI. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that patients with AP4M1 overexpression had worse overall survival. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses showed that AP4M1 was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of HCC. In addition, we observed that AP4M1 positively correlated with most immune checkpoint suppressor genes in HCC. Moreover, in vitro experiments further confirmed that AP4M1 could promote the proliferation and invasion of HCC.

Conclusions
AP4M1 is highly expressed and associated with poor prognosis in HCC. AP4M1 is closely related to cancer-immune regulation and could be a novel target for HCC, and guiding new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC patients.
Proteomic analysis of neonatal mouse hearts shows PKA functions as a cardiomyocyte replication regulator
Authors: Hu Lizhi , Liang Minglu , Jiang Qin , Jie Youming , Chen Long , Zhang Fengxiao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe ability of the adult mammalian heart to regenerate can save the cardiac muscle from a loss of function caused by injury. Cardiomyocyte regeneration is a key aspect of research for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The mouse heart shows temporary regeneration in the first week after birth; thus, the newborn mouse heart is an ideal model to study heart muscle regeneration. In this study, proteomic analysis was used to investigate the differences in protein expression in the hearts of neonatal mice at days 1 (P1 group), 4 (P4 group), and 7 (P7 group). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed changes in several groups of proteins, including the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway. Moreover, it was found that PKA inhibitors and agonists regulated cardiomyocyte replication in neonatal mouse hearts. These findings suggest that PKA may be a target for the regulation of the cardiomyocyte cell cycle.
A robot-based interception task to quantify upper limb impairments in proprioceptive and visual feedback after stroke
Authors: Park Kayne , Ritsma Benjamin R. , Dukelow Sean P. , Scott Stephen H. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundA key motor skill is the ability to rapidly interact with our dynamic environment. Humans can generate goal-directed motor actions in response to sensory stimulus within ~ 60-200ms. This ability can be impaired after stroke, but most clinical tools lack any measures of rapid feedback processing. Reaching tasks have been used as a framework to quantify impairments in generating motor corrections for individuals with stroke. However, reaching may be inadequate as an assessment tool as repeated reaching can be fatiguing for individuals with stroke. Further, reaching requires many trials to be completed including trials with and without disturbances, and thus, exacerbate fatigue. Here, we describe a novel robotic task to quantify rapid feedback processing in healthy controls and compare this performance with individuals with stroke to (more) efficiently identify impairments in rapid feedback processing.MethodsWe assessed a cohort of healthy controls (n = 135) and individuals with stroke (n = 40; Mean 41 days from stroke) in the Fast Feedback Interception Task (FFIT) using the Kinarm Exoskeleton robot. Participants were instructed to intercept a circular white target moving towards them with their hand represented as a virtual paddle. On some trials, the arm could be physically perturbed, the target or paddle could abruptly change location, or the target could change colour requiring the individual to now avoid the target.ResultsMost participants with stroke were impaired in reaction time (85%) and end-point accuracy (83%) in at least one of the task conditions, most commonly with target or paddle shifts. Of note, this impairment was also evident in most individuals with stroke when performing the task using their unaffected arm (75%). Comparison with upper limb clinical measures identified moderate correlations with the FFIT.ConclusionThe FFIT was able to identify a high proportion of individuals with stroke as impaired in rapid feedback processing using either the affected or unaffected arms. The task allows many different types of feedback responses to be efficiently assessed in a short amount of time.
Relay protection mirror operation technology based on digital twin
Authors: Yao Zhiqing , Li Danyang , Li Zhiyong , Zhou Pengpeng , Li Lei 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen conducting relay protection research, research costs can be significantly reduced if protection principle development, protection parameter verification and debugging can be carried out without relying on actual protection devices. The concept of ‘digital twin’ has made this possible, but the existing research has shortcomings in real-time data interaction ability, protection logic transparency, interface standardization, human–computer interaction etc., and consequently, mirror operation of relay protection in digital space has not been fully realized. Therefore, referring to the characteristics of digital twin, and combining with the practical application requirements in relay protection, this paper proposes the concept and characteristics of relay protection mirror operation based on digital twin. Key solutions are proposed to address the difficulties that may be encountered in the implementation of relay protection mirror operation in terms of protection principles, interfaces, real-time operation of the system, and human–computer interaction function simulation. Finally, an example of 110 kV double-bus and double-branch bus protection is used to verify the feasibility and progressiveness of the scheme proposed in this paper by comparing the action behavior and external characteristics of the twin protection and the actual protection device. The presented research can provide a reference for further in-depth research and application of relay protection using digital means.
Translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric testing of the Supportive care needs survey for partners and caregivers for Swedish family members of persons diagnosed with colorectal cancer
Authors: Samuelsson Maria , Wennick Anne , Bengtsson Mariette , Lydrup Marie-Louise , Jakobsson Jenny 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis globally and is increasing in both incidence and prevalence. Despite evidence showing that family members of persons diagnosed with cancer have supportive care needs, no validated questionnaire measuring the needs of family members of persons diagnosed with CRC exists in Swedish. Thus, the objective of the present study was to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties the Supportive Care Needs Survey – Partners and Caregivers 45.

Methods
The translation and cultural adaptation followed a systematic yet iterative process. Firstly, the questionnaire was translated using a forward–backward approach. Secondly, face and content validity and comprehensibility were evaluated by two expert panels of colorectal cancer specialist nurses and family members, respectively. Lastly, the psychometric properties, validity, and reliability of the translated questionnaire were evaluated among 45 Swedish family members of persons diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

Results
The face, content, and construct validity of the translated questionnaire were evaluated as satisfying. Moreover, psychometric evaluations showed high data quality and satisfactory internal consistency. However, the results also revealed unsolved issues regarding relevance, targeting, and internal consistency, as well as a probable scaling failure.

Conclusion
The translated and adapted questionnaire can be used to identify family members unmet needs of support throughout the colorectal cancer trajectory. The questionnaire showed promising validity and reliability in the target population. However, it needs to be further evaluated in a larger sample, preferably involving factor analysis and stability over time.
Identification and biocontrol potential evaluation of a naturally occurring Metarhizium pingshaense isolate infecting tea weevil Myllocerinus aurolineatus Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Fu Nanxia , Wang Tiekuang , Li Qiurong , Luo Zongxiu , Li Zhaoqun , Bian Lei , Xiu Chunli , Chen Zongmao , Cai Xiaoming 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Tea weevil, Myllocerinus aurolineatus Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important insect pest in Chinese tea plantations. The primary method for controlling tea weevils involves the use chemical pesticides. Hence, there is an urgent need for environmentally friendly control strategies. To screen for potential pathogenic strains useful for the biocontrol of tea weevils, a naturally occurring Metarhizium pingshaense strain was isolated from a field-collected infected tea weevil larva for the first time in China.

Results
Morphological features and molecular characteristics revealed the isolate was an M. pingshaense strain, herein referred to as Ma0628. At 22 °C (tea weevil pupation temperature), the inoculation with M. pingshaense Ma0628 resulted in a corrected cumulative late instar larval mortality rate exceeding 76% at 11 days after the inoculation with the 1 × 108 conidia/ml spore suspension using the immersion or soil-mixing method. Accordingly, the median lethal concentrations were 4.49 × 103 and 3.76 × 102 conidia/ml for the immersion and soil-mixing inoculation methods, respectively. Furthermore, the corrected cumulative adult mortality rate reached 83.33% at 14 days after the inoculation with the 1 × 108 conidia/ml spore suspension.

Conclusion
The study results indicate that M. pingshaense strain Ma0628 is an entomopathogenic fungus pathogenic to tea weevil larvae and adults, suggesting it may be a potentially useful biocontrol agent for preventing M. aurolineatus infestations.
Use of a multi-phased approach to identify and address facilitators and barriers to the implementation of a population-wide genomic screening program
Authors: Allen Caitlin G. , Sterba Katherine , Norman Samantha , Jackson Amy , Hunt Kelly J. , McMahon Lori , Judge Daniel P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Population-wide genomic screening for CDC Tier-1 conditions offers the ability to identify the 1–2% of the US population at increased risk for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Lynch Syndrome, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Implementation of population-wide screening programs is highly complex, requiring engagement of diverse collaborators and implementation teams. Implementation science offers tools to promote integration of these programs through the identification of determinants of success and strategies to address potential barriers.

Methods
Prior to launching the program, we conducted a pre-implementation survey to assess anticipated barriers and facilitators to reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM), among 51 work group members (phase 1). During the first year of program implementation, we completed coding of 40 work group meetings guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) (phase 2). We matched the top barriers to implementation strategies identified during phase 2 using the CFIR-ERIC (Expert Recommendation for Implementing Change) matching tool.

Results
Staffing and workload concerns were listed as the top barrier in the pre-implementation phase of the program. Top barriers during implementation included adaptability (n = 8, 20%), complexity (n = 14, 35%), patient needs and resources (n = 9, 22.5%), compatibility (n = 11, 27.5%), and self-efficacy (n = 9, 22.5%). We identified 16 potential implementation strategies across six ERIC clusters to address these barriers and operationalized these strategies for our specific setting and program needs.

Conclusion
Our findings provide an example of successful use of the CFIR-ERIC tool to guide implementation of a population-wide genomic screening program.
Identifying implementation strategies to address barriers of implementing a school-located influenza vaccination program in Beijing
Authors: Yan Ruijie , Yin Xuejun , Hu Yiluan , Wang Huan , Sun Chris , Gong Enying , Xin Xin , Zhang Juan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The school-located influenza vaccinations (SLIV) can increase influenza vaccination and reduce influenza infections among school-aged children. However, the vaccination rate has remained low and varied widely among schools in Beijing, China. This study aimed to ascertain barriers and facilitators of implementing SLIV and to identify implementation strategies for SLIV quality improvement programs in this context.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with diverse stakeholders (i.e., representatives of both the Department of Health and the Department of Education, school physicians, class headteachers, and parents) involved in SLIV implementation. Participants were identified by purposive and snowball sampling. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was adopted to facilitate data collection and analysis. Themes and subthemes regarding barriers and facilitators were generated using deductive and inductive approaches. Based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research—Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (CFIR-ERIC) matching tool, practical implementation strategies were proposed to address the identified barriers of SLIV delivery.

Results
Twenty-four participants were interviewed. Facilitators included easy access to SLIV, clear responsibilities and close collaboration among government sectors, top-down authority, integrating SLIV into the routine of schools, and priority given to SLIV. The main barriers were parents’ misconception, inefficient coordination for vaccine supply and vaccination dates, the lack of planning, and inadequate access to knowledge and information about the SLIV. CFIR-ERIC Matching tool suggested implementation strategies at the system (i.e., developing an implementation blueprint, and promoting network weaving), school (i.e., training and educating school implementers), and consumer (i.e., engaging students and parents) levels to improve SLIV implementation.

Conclusions
There were substantial barriers to the delivery of the SLIV program. Theory-driven implementation strategies developed in this pre-implementation study should be considered to address those identified determinants for successful SLIV implementation.
Rock-physics-guided machine learning for shear sonic log prediction
Authors: Zhao Luanxiao , Liu Jingyu , Xu Minghui , Zhu Zhenyu , Chen Yuanyuan , Geng Jianhua 
Published: October 2023

The S-wave velocity ([Formula: see text]) is a vital parameter for various petrophysical, geophysical, and geomechanical applications in subsurface characterization. Nevertheless, obtaining shear sonic log is frequently challenging because of its high economic, time, and operating costs. Conventional methods for predicting [Formula: see text] rely on empirical relationships and rock-physics models, which often fall short in accuracy due to their inability to account for the complex factors influencing the relationship between [Formula: see text] and other parameters. We develop a physics-guided machine learning (ML) approach to predict the shear sonic log using various physical parameters (e.g., natural gamma ray, P-wave velocity, density, and resistivity) that can be readily obtained from standard logging suites. Three types of rock-physical constraints combined with three guidance strategies form the various physics-guided models. Specifically, the three constraint models include mudrock line, empirical P- and S-wave velocity relationship, and multiparameter regression from the logging data, and the three guidance strategies involve physics-guided pseudolabels, physics-guided loss function, and transfer learning. To assess the model’s generalization ability and simulate the lack of labeled data in real-world applications, a single well is used as a training well, whereas the remaining four wells are used to blind test in a clastic reservoir. Compared with supervised ML without any constraints, all models incorporating physical constraints demonstrate a significant improvement in prediction accuracy and generalization performance. This underscores the importance of integrating the first-order physical laws into the network training for shear sonic log prediction. The most successful approach combines the multiparameter regression relationship with the physics-guided pseudolabels in this case, resulting in a remarkable 47% reduction in the average root-mean-square error during the blind test.
The epithelial polarity axis controls the resting membrane potential and Cl− co-transport in breast glandular structures
Authors: Urazaev Albert K. , Wang Lei , Bai Yunfeng , Adissu Hibret A. , Lelièvre Sophie A. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The membrane potential (MP) controls cell homeostasis by directing molecule transport and gene expression. How the MP is set upon epithelial differentiation is unknown. Given that tissue architecture also controls homeostasis, we investigated the relationship between basoapical polarity and resting MP in three-dimensional culture of the HMT-3522 breast cancer progression. A microelectrode technique to measure MP and input resistance reveals that the MP is raised by gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), which directs tight-junction mediated apical polarity, and is decreased by the Na+/K+/2Cl− (NKCC, encoded by SLC12A1 and SLC12A2) co-transporter, active in multicellular structures displaying basal polarity. In the tumor counterpart, the MP is reduced. Cancer cells display diminished GJIC and do not respond to furosemide, implying loss of NKCC activity. Induced differentiation of cancer cells into basally polarized multicellular structures restores widespread GJIC and NKCC responses, but these structures display the lowest MP. The absence of apical polarity, necessary for cancer onset, in the non-neoplastic epithelium is also associated with the lowest MP under active Cl− transport. We propose that the loss of apical polarity in the breast epithelium destabilizes cellular homeostasis in part by lowering the MP.