bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study in elective repair of large incisional hernias using on-lay mesh vs. sub-lay mesh: a meta-analysis
Authors: Hassan Basma Hussein Abdelaziz , Kamel Kirollos Adel Louiz , Awad Philobater Bahgat Adly , Awad Kerolos Bahgat Adly , Maaty Sameh Abdallah , Fawzi Fawzi Salah , El-Shayeb Bassem Helmy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVentral abdominal wall incisional hernia is defined as a defect in the musculo-fascial layers of the abdominal wall in the region of the postoperative scar. There is a slight increase in the incidence of incisional hernia in the female gender. The higher percentage of incisional hernia in females might be due to laxity of abdominal wall muscles after multiple pregnancies and also an increased incidence of obesity in females. To assess incisional hernia repair using two different techniques: on-lay mesh and sub-lay mesh, as regards operative time, postoperative recurrence, wound infection, seroma, hematoma, and flap necrosis. Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched on 15 March 2022. The keywords incisional hernia, sub-lay mesh on-lay mesh, retromuscular mesh, and polypropylene. According to our results, there is a statistical difference between onlay and sublay regarding intra-operative time as sublay mesh is more time-consuming. Regarding postoperative complications, there is no statistical difference in recurrence, seroma, hematoma, flap necrosis, and infection but there is a statistical difference regarding in hospital stay as patients with sub-lay repair stays less than only.
Solution theory to semilinear stochastic equations of Schrödinger type on curved spaces I: operators with uniformly bounded coefficients
Authors: Ascanelli Alessia , Coriasco Sandro , Süss André 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the Cauchy problem for Schrödinger type stochastic semilinear partial differential equations with uniformly bounded variable coefficients, depending on the space variables. We give conditions on the coefficients, on the drift and diffusion terms, on the Cauchy data, and on the spectral measure associated with the noise, such that the Cauchy problem admits a unique function-valued mild solution in the sense of Da Prato and Zabczyc.
Thermal methods of sludge processing—are they suitable for pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs removal from sewage sludge?
Authors: Varjúová Dóra , Staňová Andrea Vojs , Grabicová Kateřina , Zakhar Ronald , Bodík Igor 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The presented work aimed to investigate the effect of thermal treatment on sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the Slovak Republic on the content of pharmaceuticals (PhACs) and illicit drugs. Sludge samples from eight WWTPs (total flows of 6900–62,500 m3/day, number of population equivalents over 40,000 for each WWTP, production of sludge 400–3300 tons DM/year) were treated with thermal processes in the temperature range of 80 to 550 °C. More than 100 compounds were studied in the sludge samples, but in this article, we deeply focused on the fate of the thirteen most concentrated and frequently found PhACs (azithromycin, carbamazepine, cetirizine, citalopram and its metabolite N-desmethylcitalopram, diclofenac, fexofenadine, sertraline and its metabolite norsertraline, telmisartan, trazodone, valsartan, and verapamil). The thermal processes used showed a decrease in PhAC concentrations already at 80 °C when the total concentration of selected PhACs decreased to 81%. In thermally treated sludge samples at 250 °C, only telmisartan at all studied WWTPs and diclofenac at WWTP Banská Bystrica stayed above the limits of quantification (LOQs), while the temperature of 550 °C led to a decrease in all thirteen PhACs below LOQs.
Sepsis incidence, suspicion, prediction and mortality in emergency medical services: a cohort study related to the current international sepsis guideline
Authors: Piedmont Silke , Goldhahn Ludwig , Swart Enno , Robra Bernt-Peter , Fleischmann-Struzek Carolin , Somasundaram Rajan , Bauer Wolfgang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Sepsis suspicion by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is associated with improved patient outcomes. This study assessed sepsis incidence and recognition by EMS and analyzed which of the screening tools recommended by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign best facilitates sepsis prediction.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of claims data from health insurances (n = 221,429 EMS cases), and paramedics’ and emergency physicians’ EMS documentation (n = 110,419); analyzed outcomes were: sepsis incidence and case fatality compared to stroke and myocardial infarction, the extent of documentation for screening-relevant variables and sepsis suspicion, tools’ intersections for screening positive in identical EMS cases and their predictive ability for an inpatient sepsis diagnosis.

Results
Incidence of sepsis (1.6%) was similar to myocardial infarction (2.6%) and stroke (2.7%); however, 30-day case fatality rate was almost threefold higher (31.7% vs. 13.4%; 11.8%). Complete vital sign documentation was achieved in 8.2% of all cases. Paramedics never, emergency physicians rarely (0.1%) documented a sepsis suspicion, respectively septic shock. NEWS2 had the highest sensitivity (73.1%; Specificity:81.6%) compared to qSOFA (23.1%; Sp:96.6%), SIRS (28.2%; Sp:94.3%) and MEWS (48.7%; Sp:88.1%). Depending on the tool, 3.7% to 19.4% of all cases screened positive; only 0.8% in all tools simultaneously.

Conclusion
Incidence and mortality underline the need for better sepsis awareness, documentation of vital signs and use of screening tools. Guidelines may omit MEWS and SIRS as recommendations for prehospital providers since they were inferior in all accuracy measures. Though no tool performed ideally, NEWS2 qualifies as the best tool to predict the highest proportion of septic patients and to rule out cases that are likely non-septic.
Low-frequency oscillation of train–network system considering traction power supply mode
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Lyu Xiaoqin , Chang Mingyuan , Yang Qiqi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe low-frequency oscillation (LFO) has occurred in the train–network system due to the introduction of the power electronics of the trains. The modeling and analyzing method in current researches based on electrified railway unilateral power supply system are not suitable for the LFO analysis in a bilateral power supply system, where the trains are supplied by two traction substations. In this work, based on the single-input and single-output impedance model of China CRH5 trains, the node admittance matrices of the train–network system both in unilateral and bilateral power supply modes are established, including three-phase power grid, traction transformers and traction network. Then the modal analysis is used to study the oscillation modes and propagation characteristics of the unilateral and bilateral power supply systems. Moreover, the influence of the equivalent inductance of the power grid, the length of the transmission line, and the length of the traction network are analyzed on the critical oscillation mode of the bilateral power supply system. Finally, the theoretical analysis results are verified by the time-domain simulation model in MATLAB/Simulink.
Assimilate Remobilization in Five Spring Grain Legumes Under Mediterranean Conditions
Authors: Koutroubas Spyridon D. , Damalas Christos A. , Fotiadis Sideris 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA comparative evaluation of grain legumes is essential for the effective planning of legume-based agricultural systems in a given environment. The goal of this work was to contrast the growth, translocation of assimilates, and grain yield of spring-planted common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), red pea (Lathyrus cicera L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and field pea (Pisum sativa L.) under rainfed Mediterranean conditions. Two cultivars of each species were cultivated on a silty clay soil in northeastern Greece for 2 years (2014 and 2015) with contrasting rainfall patterns. Chickpea and field pea exhibited better early crop growth rate than any other legume. Species differences in assimilates availability prior to grain filling affected the remobilization of assimilates to seed, which increased by 45% for every kg ha−1 rise in early dry matter accumulation. Dry matter translocation efficiency varied from 9 to 51% depending on species and year. Red pea was the best option in terms of seed yield, regardless of the seasonal rainfall. Chickpea in the drier year (2015) and field pea in the wetter year (2014) produced seed yields that were comparable to that of red pea. Lentil and common vetch were generally less productive species in terms of seed yield. Species seed yield was associated with their ability to accumulate biomass either before podding (r = 0.52, P < 0.05) or at maturity (r = 0.51, P < 0.05), but not with harvest index or translocation of dry matter. Findings provide new knowledge regarding growth attributes and reallocation of assimilate in five legume species grown simultaneously in the same environment, which has never been studied before. In addition, results highlight that selecting species with enhanced early or final biomass potential as well as adopting cultural practices that promote biomass accumulation in the growing season appear to be effective management strategies for improving seed yield of the tested grain legumes under Mediterranean conditions.
Rapid detection of tomato spotted wilt virus by real-time RT-LAMP and in-field application
Authors: Caruso A.G. , Ragona A. , Agrò G. , Bertacca S. , Yahyaoui E. , Galipienso L. , Rubio L. , Panno S. , Davino S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is considered one of the most threatening viruses worldwide for different economically important agricultural crops. In this scenario, it is important to perform an early detection by laboratory tests to prevent TSWV spread. A rapid and sensitive TSWV detection protocol based on real time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed in this work, also using cost-effective and simplified sample preparation procedure, to assess the suitability of the RT-LAMP assay in field conditions on tomato and pepper samples. A set of six primers was designed within the nucleotide sequence region coding for the nucleocapsid protein (N) of segment S, targeting a 220-nucleotide sequence. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and in-field application of the real-time RT-LAMP assay were evaluated. The developed real-time RT-LAMP assay proved to be one thousand and one hundred times more sensitive than end-point RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR methods, respectively, detecting a total of 9.191 × 101 genome copies as minimum target, and no cross-reactivity were detected with other viruses belonging to Tospoviridae and Bromoviridae families used as outgroup. In addition, the in-field application of the assay using the rapid sample preparation gave adequate and reliable results within 60 minutes, with an acceptable reaction delay when compared to canonical RNA extraction. The in-field analyses showed an increase of TSWV-positive samples (37%) detection compared with end-point RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR (32% and 29%, respectively), particularly on asymptomatic samples, confirming that the real-time RT-LAMP assay can be implemented as a routine test both in-field and laboratory conditions as a rapid and sensitive technique for TSWV detection.
Host reproduction number as an indicator of reproductive advantage in Bactrocera dorsalis over Bactrocera tryoni – can the concept elucidate the invasive threat in northern Australia?
Authors: Dominiak Bernard Charles 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncursions by exotic tephritids continue to threaten Australia. Host suitability for a specific tephritid is ranked by the number of adults which can emerge from one kg of fruit or the Host Reproduction Number (HRN). Bactrocera dorsalis has previously invaded northern Australia but was eradicated. However, Bactrocera dorsalis remains the largest exotic threat and is likely to invade through northern Australia but B. tryoni and other tephritids are already well established. One question is what hosts would likely provide the best early warning for an exotic incursion. Here, the HRN for 40 hosts for Bactrocera dorsalis and B. tryoni were established from the scientific literature. The reproductive advantages of one species over the other were calculated by dividing the higher HRN by the lower HRN. The fruits with the highest reproductive advantage (> 30) favouring B. dorsalis were soursop, mango and capsicum. The reproductive advantage estimate was compared to surveillance data collected during B. dorsalis eradication in north Queensland from 1995 to 1997. Mangoes and capsicum were among the mostly commonly infested hosts. Capsicums provided the second highest number of samples and would seem ideal candidates as sentinel plants for current surveillance programs. Some inconsistencies are identified and discussed. The HRN and reproductive advantage may have the potential to identify hosts and industries for early warning exotic fruit fly surveillance, better-targeted eradication programs and risk assessments for imports/exports.
Formalizing ethical principles within AI systems: experts’ opinions on why (not) and how to do it
Authors: Poszler Franziska , Portmann Edy , Lütge Christoph 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAI systems are increasingly put into contexts where computed decisions must be guided by ethical considerations. To develop ethically grounded algorithms and technologies, scholars have suggested computational ethics as an essential frontier, which aims to translate ethical principles into computer code. However, computational ethics has received little attention in academic literature so far, with existing work mainly focusing on its technical implementation, while many open questions concerning its (societal and ethical) implications still need to be resolved. Therefore, in this study, we interviewed 12 experts from philosophy, AI and cognitive sciences to shed light on computational ethics beyond a technical perspective. Findings suggest that indicated supporting and opposing arguments can be clustered into pragmatic/practical, societal and epistemic reasons, all of which need to be contemplated when engaging in computational ethics and developing resulting artificial moral agents. Furthermore, the mentioned recommendations for companies’ technological design and development, for industry’s governance measures and academia’s research endeavors are recapitulated and summarized in a holistic framework that aims to facilitate a reflected implementation of ‘ethics in and by design’ in the future.
Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in tea plantation soil around Tai Lake region in Suzhou, China
Authors: Xu Xiaohan , Yang Jiahui , Zhang Yang , Sui Xueyan , Gong Zelong , Liu Shujing , Chen Xuan , Li Xinghui , Wang Yuhua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] is one of the important foliar cash crops in China, and its root system absorbs heavy metal (HM) elements enriched in the soil and transports them to the over ground part. In order to ensure the safety of the soil ecological environment and tea raw materials in the tea production area, the HM contents of soil and tea plant leaves in Suzhou tea plantations were detected, the relationship between HMs and soil physicochemical properties was analyzed, and the ecological risk of HMs in tea plantation soils was evaluated by using relevant detection techniques and evaluation models. The results showed that the average pH of tea plantation soils around Tai Lake in Suzhou was within the range suitable for the growth of tea plants. The pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of tea plantation soil satisfying the requirements of high quality, high efficiency and high yield (‘3H’) tea plantation accounted for 47.06%, 26.47%, 8.82%, 79.41% and 67.65%, respectively. Site 2 fully met the requirements of ‘3H’ tea plantation. In addition, the contents of cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were extremely variable, and the average contents exceeded the background value of soil in Jiangsu Province, but the HM contents of tea leaves all met the pollution-free standard, and the HM contents of tea leaves around Tai Lake in Suzhou were generally at a safe level. The composite ecological risk index ranged from 0.05 to 0.60, and 32 of the 34 sample sites (except site 21 and site 23) are the most suitable agricultural land for tea plantations.
High Prevalence of Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus haemolyticus Among Vaccinated Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Xuan Duong , Hoang Van Thuan , Dao Thi Loi , Marty Pierre , Gautret Philippe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAmong 467 children under five hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae or Haemophilus haemolyticus was 60.8%, all cases were non-typable H. influenzae (NTHi) or H. haemolyticus. NTHi/H. haemolyticus PCR detection was associated with about twice the risk for severe disease. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and research efforts to investigate the role of NTHi/H. haemolyticus in severe CAP among children.
Adding MYC/BCL2 double expression to NCCN-IPI may not improve prognostic value to an acceptable level
Authors: Warnnissorn Naree , Kanitsap Nonglak , Niparuck Pimjai , Boonsakan Paisarn , Kulalert Prapasri , Limvorapitak Wasithep , Bhoopat Lantarima , Saengboon Supawee , Suriyonplengsaeng Chinnawut , Chantrathammachart Pichika , Puavilai Teeraya , Chuncharunee Suporn 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
MYC/BCL2 double expression (DE) is associated with poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) receiving rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP). This study aimed to determine whether the addition of DE to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Internal Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) could improve the prediction of disease progression in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP.

Methods
This confirmatory prognostic factor study retrospectively recruited patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL between January 1, 2014, and January 31, 2018, at Ramathibodi Hospital (RA) and Thammasat University Hospital (TU). The follow-up period ended on July 1, 2022. Tumors expressing MYC ≥ 40% and BCL2 ≥ 50% were classified as DE. We calculated the hazard ratios (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS) from the date of diagnosis to refractory disease, relapse, or death. Discrimination of the 5-year prediction was based on Cox models using Harrell’s concordance index (c-index).

Results
A total of 111 patients had DE (39%), NCCN-IPI (8%), and disease progression (46%). The NCCN-IPI adjusted HR of DE was 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9–2.8; P = 0.117). The baseline NCCN-IPI c-index was 0.63. Adding DE to the NCCN-IPI slightly increased Harrell’s concordance index (c-index) to 0.66 (P = 0.119).

Conclusions
Adding DE to the NCCN-IPI may not improve the prognostic value to an acceptable level in resource-limited settings. Multiple independent confirmatory studies from a large cohort of lymphoma registries have provided additional evidence for the clinical utility of DE.
Economic Burden of Livestock Abortions in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Semango George , Yoder Jonathan , Kibona Tito , Claxton John R. , Buza Joram , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Johnson Stephanie Sikavitsas , Cleaveland Sarah , Lankester Felix 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLivestock abortion is a source of economic loss for farmers, but its economic impact has not been estimated in many Low and Middle-Income Countries. This article presents an estimation methodology and estimates for the gross and net cost of an abortion based on a sample of livestock-owning households in three regions of northern Tanzania and market data. We then generate aggregate estimates of abortion losses across Tanzania. We estimate annual gross and net annual losses of about $263 Million (about TZS 600 billion) and $131 million (about TZS 300 billion), respectively.
Care and Crisis: Making Beds in the National Health Service
Authors: Arnold-Forster Agnes , Bates Victoria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn July 1979, the Sunday Mirror published an article with the headline: “HOSPITALS AT CRISIS POINT: Jobs and beds to go in cash curbs.” In this article we explore the role of hospital beds in such public discussions of “crisis” within the British National Health Service (NHS). In the 1970s, the media and politicians paid increasing attention to bed numbers as an indicator of resource scarcity within the NHS. While this in part reflected a genuine trend, it was also a powerful narrative device. The hospital bed has become a cipher for NHS resourcing and resilience, but throughout the twentieth century, there has been a tension between stories of declining bed numbers as a sign of “crisis,” and declining bed numbers as a marker of more efficient, high-quality healthcare. This article will show that the hospital bed was an extremely important political device because it was imbued with rich social and cultural symbolism, and that stories of declining bed numbers were not as straightforward as they first appear. While discussions in the public sphere tended to focus on bed numbers and waiting times, discussions in the healthcare sector and among policymakers attended to what beds could—and should—do for both patients and staff. Public rhetoric about decline was less about the object itself, and more about the role of the hospital bed as a symbol of care and as a politically pertinent shorthand for the health of the NHS as an institution.
Development of the conversation tool “I-HARP for COPD” for early identification of palliative care needs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Huijten Daniël C.M. , Hofstede Laura , Simons Sami O. , Ament Stephanie C.M. , Gunnink-Boonstra Nicolette , van den Beuken-van Everdingen Marieke H.J. , Janssen Daisy J.A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to develop the conversation tool “I-HARP for COPD” for timely identification of palliative care needs in Dutch patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsAn iterative and participatory research design was used to develop “I-HARP for COPD”. There were 2 phases to the development of “I-HARP for COPD”: content development and testing. A review of current literature, parallel focus groups, and a questionnaire among experts were used to develop the content of “I-HARP for COPD”. “I-HARP for COPD” was then assessed by health-care professionals (HCPs) in clinical practice for understanding, difficulty, and relevance.ResultsA total of 46 HCPs, 6 patients, 1 informal caregiver, and 1 bereaved informal caregiver participated in this study. “I-HARP for COPD” included 14 screening questions, additional in-depth questions, and recommendations to address identified needs. The content of “I-HARP for COPD” was accepted by 86.2% of the HCPs.Significance of results“I-HARP for COPD” was successfully developed for providing guidance in the palliative care of Dutch patients with COPD and their informal caregivers. By supporting HCPs with “I-HARP for COPD”, they are better able to timely identify and direct palliative care needs.