bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research capacity and culture within Allied Health Professions in the United Kingdom: A scoping review.
Authors: Karimakwenda Brighton 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The Allied Health Professions workforce comprises a significantly large group of National Health Service workers. There is great potential for harnessing the benefits of research in healthcare by this workforce group. A strategy for research and innovation was published to support the set ambitions of achieving a 0.9% increase in Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery research capacity by 2030. This article provides an assessment of the current knowledge of Allied Health Professions’ research capacity and culture within the United Kingdom through a systematic review of the available literature.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted between September 2022 and May 2023. The databases used were Ebsco’s CINAHL Complete, Medline and SportDiscus, Pubmed and APA PsycInfo hosted by Proquest. Covidence was used to identify 80 articles, covering a 39-year period. The articles included any of the 14 Allied Health Professions as identified within the United Kingdom and were focused on research capacity and culture issues.
Results
The studies were largely quantitative (51%) followed by qualitative (27%) and mixed methods (19%). Commonly used validated tools in the studies are the Research Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of research survey, the BARRIERS scale, the Research Capacity and Culture tool, the Edmonton Research Orientation survey, the New World Kirkpatrick Model, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Victor tool. Enablers to research identified revolved around the presence of collaborations/links/networks, research support, research training/skills development, protected research time, personal factors (motivation/interest/desire/commitment), research communication and research opportunities. Reported barriers had issues to do with lack of protected time, lack of research skills/knowledge/experience, lack of support, workload/work pressures, lack of funds, sustainable research pathways, staffing, nature of working (part-time/inflexible), not being fully prepared for research from college and personal factors. Professions included in most articles were Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Radiography, Speech and Language Therapy, Dietetics and Podiatry.
Conclusion
This scoping review highlighted a variety of ways that have been utilised to explore research capacity and culture within Allied Health Professions in the United Kingdom. However, there is room to further develop research capacity and culture within this workforce group if the set target is to be realised.
LncRNA MACC1-AS1 induces gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells through suppressing ferroptosis
Authors: Zheng Siming , Zhu Jiyun , Yu Zehao , Wang Xuguang , Chen Yi , Chen Kaibo , Sun Jianhong , Jiang Jianshuai 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) mortality is primarily attributed to metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. In this research, the long non-coding RNA MACC1-AS1 was studied, playing a significant role in regulating lipid oxidation processes. This regulation could further lead to the inhibition of ferroptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, making it a contributing factor to gemcitabine resistance in PDA. In both gemcitabine-resistant PDA patients and mouse models, the elevated expression level of MACC1-AS1 in the tumors was noted. Additionally, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in pancreatic cancer cells was found to enhance tolerance to gemcitabine and suppress ferroptosis. Proteomic analysis of drug-resistant pancreatic cells revealed that overexpressed MACC1-AS1 inhibited the ubiquitination degradation of residues in the protein kinase STK33 by MDM4. Furthermore, its accumulation in the cytoplasm activated STK33, further activating the ferroptosis-suppressing proteins GPX4, thereby counteracting gemcitabine-induced cellular oxidative damage. These findings suggested that the long non-coding RNA MACC1-AS1 could play a significant role in the ability of pancreatic cancer cells to evade iron-mediated ferroptosis induced by gemcitabine. This discovery holds promise for developing clinical therapeutic strategies to combat chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.
Release the crackin': The influence of brittle behavior on gas retention in crystal-rich magma
Authors: Herbst Thomas , Whittington Alan , Pistone Mattia , Schiffbauer James D , Selly Tara 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Crystal-rich silicic lavas commonly erupt from hazardous lava dome-forming volcanoes, characterized by both effusive and explosive eruptions. Magma explosivity is inherently dependent on its ability to store pressurized gas, which can be released through permeable pathways like fractures or connected bubbles, yet the role crystals play in regulating gas escape is poorly constrained in crystal-rich systems. We explored the gas storage capacity and outgassing efficiency of crystal-rich magmas through experimental vesiculation of hydrous dacite samples containing crystal volume fractions (\({\varphi }_{x}\)) between 0.5 and 0.8. The maximum unconnected gas volume (isolated porosity) decreases exponentially with increasing crystallinity. We quantify the relative outgassing efficiency as a function of \({\varphi }_{x}\) using changes in isolated melt porosity during open-system degassing (outgassing). Mean isolated porosity, for \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.5, increases from ~ 0.33 at the start of outgassing to ~ 0.67 by the end, doubling its trapped bubbles. For \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.7, isolated porosity increases from ~ 0.1 to ~ 0.2, implying gas retention and outgassing efficiency are strongly dependent on crystallinity. Outgassing occurs rapidly via fracturing at porosities < 0.1 when \({\varphi }_{x}\) ≥ 0.7. Fracturing and bubble coalescence are both inefficient outgassing mechanisms at \({\varphi }_{x}\) = 0.5 due to viscoelastoplastic deformation, which leads to an increase of isolated porosity. Between \({\varphi }_{x}\) of 0.5 and 0.7, samples sustained a three-fold difference in isolated porosity, implying that gas retention and eruptive behavior of crystal-rich magmas may be controlled by the onset and efficacy of crack-dominated outgassing and can be modulated by relatively small changes in crystallinity.
Prescribing trends and associated outcomes of antiepileptic drugs and other psychotropic medications in US nursing homes: A mixed-method investigation incorporating a secondary data analysis of multiple CMS datasets and a clinician survey
Authors: Winter Jonathan D. , Kerns J. William , Brandt Nicole , Simoni-Wastila Linda , Qato Danya , Sabo Roy , Petterson Stephen , Chung YoonKyung , Reves Sarah , Winter Christopher , Winter Katherine , Ewusiak Craig , Krist Alex , Elonge Eposi , Fu Yu-Hua , Etz Rebecca 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Pilot data suggests off-label unmonitored antiepileptic drug (AED) prescribing for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia is increasing, replacing other psychotropic medications targeted by purposeful reduction efforts. This trend accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although adverse outcomes related to this trend remain unknown, preliminary results hint harms may be increasing and concentrated in vulnerable populations.Methods and analysis: A mixed-methods study, including a retrospective secondary data analysis and a national clinician survey, will investigate 1) the appropriateness of AED and other psychotropic prescribing in US nursing homes; 2) characteristics and outcomes associated with this prescribing; and 3) how these phenomena may be changing under the combined stressors of the pandemic and medication reduction initiatives. Quantitative data analysis will draw on data elements, linked at an individual level, from CMS’s Minimum Data Set, Medicare Part D, MedPAR, Outpatient, and Public Use Files. Data will be organized into quarterly cohorts of nursing home residents for the years 2009-2021. Each cohort will incorporate individual level data including: demographics, health status, disease variables, psychotropic medication claims, comprehensive nursing home health outcomes, hospital and ER adverse events, and long-stay facility details, including staffing resources and COVID-19 statistics. To help explain and validate findings, we will conduct a national qualitative survey of nursing home prescribers regarding their knowledge and beliefs surrounding changing approaches to dementia care and associated outcomes.Discussion: This study will detail appropriate and inappropriate AED use and related outcomes in nursing homes, as well as describe disparities in long-stay sub-populations treated or not treated with psychotropics. It will delineate the impact of the pandemic in combination with national policies on dementia management and outcomes. We believe this mixed-method approach, including processes that link multiple CMS datasets at an individual level and survey relevant stakeholders, can be replicated and applied to evaluate a variety of patient-oriented questions in diverse clinical populations.Trial Registration: Pending
‘We’re Always Handed the Children’: Women Finding Belonging in Policing
Authors: Gasparini Janay M. , DeWitt Amy L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the research was to examine whether policewomen have carved out their place and developed a sense of belonging in the profession, or whether they are faced with disrespect, self-doubt, and pressure to adopt constructed gender roles. The study employed in-depth, qualitative interviews with sixteen women police officers. Emergent themes suggested that overt discrimination and harassment is uncommon, but women do report the continued need to prove themselves. While all have carved out a place for themselves in the profession and most reported acceptance and belonging, several expressed concerns that they are pigeonholed into roles based on their gender. With nationwide challenges to recruit more women into policing, this study provides insights into ways women have integrated and the barriers they may still face.
An Eco-friendly Sustainable Plasticizer from Isosorbide and Nonanoic Acid: Synthesis and Application
Authors: Song Tao , Ren Liang , Li Wenbo , Liu Qiang , Qin Yixuan , Zhang Yueli , Wang Yaobin , Shen Yunda , Du Wennan , Zhang Mingyao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In this contribution, isosorbide dinonanoate (SDN), an environmentally sustainable plasticizer for polypropylene (PP), is successfully synthesized by virtue of esterification reaction using isosorbide and nonanoic acid with the reaction temperature of 120°C, and the reaction time of 5h. When the corporation of plasticizer S.DN into PP matrix is the value of 15phr, the impact strength of PP blends reaches 121 J/m, the dramatically increase of 384% compare to that of PP. DMA results shows that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PP blends gradually decline with the increasing amount of SDN, indicating the efficient plasticization action of the SDN. It is suggested that SDN can be feasibly inserted into the non-polar matrix and then more evenly dispersed in matrix, herein, it will increase the distance between the polymer chains, improving the mobility of the molecular chains and the processing performance of the polymers. Furthermore, the plasticizing effect and environmental friendliness of SDN can be a potential replacement for o-phenyl plasticizers in the industry in the future.
Simulating the Effect of Bagasse Ash Blended With Lime in Stabilizing Weak Subgrade Soil for Flexible Pavement: (Case Study Arbaminch Town, Ethiopia)
Authors: Gidday Bisrat Gissila , Malefia Temesgen Laibo , Gidday Biruk Gissila 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Expansive clay soil can be found in various parts of Ethiopia, including Arbaminch town. However, because of its inferior quality, the use of expansive soil in road construction is restricted. Therefore, it is crucial to employ a less costly stabilizer to enhance the qualities of locally accessible materials. The overall objective of the study was to simulate a road pavement response model using lime mixed with sugarcane bagasse ash as a subgrade soil stabilizer. To stabilize expansive clay soil, varying percentages (0%–6%) of lime were used. The same procedure was followed with sugarcane bagasse ash, and the sample was then treated with different lime and sugarcane bagasse ash mix ratios of 1%:4%, 2%:3%, 3%:2%, and 4%:1% % due to sugarcane bagasse ash alone added after 4-6 % the CBR value decreased dramatically. A good result was found using 1% sugarcane bagasse ash and 4% lime. The four-day soaked CBR ratio value of subgrade soil for Nachsar campus and Woze kebele was 1.90 % and 2.12%, respectively, but it was increased to 14.50% and 13.40% with the stabilization of 1% sugarcane bagasse ash and 4% lime content. The average of natural and stabilized CBR value from both soil samples was determined in order to conduct finite element simulation with 1% sugarcane bagasse ash + 4% lime, resulting in resilient modulus of 20.77(MPa) and 144.17(MPa), respectively. The decrease in vertical compressive strain and horizontal tensile strain indicates that without stabilization, the natural subgrade layer in this simulation is less stiff.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus disease morbidity in Australian infants aged 0 to 6 months: A systematic review and evaluation
Authors: Self Alice , Buskirk Joseph Van , Clark Jayden , Cochrane Johanne Elizabeth , Knibbs Luke , Cass-Verco John , Gupta Leena 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To appraise and synthesise the evidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection morbidity among Australian aged 0 to 6 months, and to assess the implications for future vaccination strategies.
Methods
Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pubmed and Global Health) were searched in April 2023. Full-text articles published between 2000 and 2023 in English language that examined markers of disease morbidity in infants aged up to 6 months in Australia who had laboratory confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection were eligible for inclusion. From 259 studies screened, 191 qualified for full text review, 175 were excluded based of pre-specified criteria. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines. Quality of evidence was assessed with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme criteria.
Results
Sixteen studies from all states and territories in Australia were included. Our findings indicated that infants aged 0 to 6 months had higher respiratory syncytial virus testing, positivity and incidence rates, higher rates of hospitalisation in both general wards and intensive care units, and were more likely to require respiratory support compared to children and adults of all ages. Indigenous infants aged up to 6 months demonstrated higher respiratory syncytial virus incidence and hospitalisation, compared to non-Indigenous infants. Age-related trends persisted in geographic areas with varying respiratory syncytial virus season transmission, and also persisted despite the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Conclusions
A significant proportion of Australia’s respiratory syncytial virus-associated morbidity is accounted for by infants aged 0 to 6 months, who are particularly vulnerable to severe disease. Vaccination of women during the latter stages of pregnancy may be a cost efficient way to protect young infants who account for a disproportionate burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease.
N-cadherin crosstalk with integrin weakens the molecular clutch in response to surface viscosity
Authors: Salmeron-Sanchez Manuel , Barcelona-Estaje Eva , Rodrigo-Navarro Aleixandre , Genever Paul , Dalby Matthew , Roca-Cusachs Pere , Cantini Marco 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) interact with their surroundings via integrins, which link to the actin cytoskeleton and translate physical cues into biochemical signals via mechanotransduction. N-cadherins also link to the cytoskeleton and enable cell-cell communication. This crosstalk between integrins and cadherins modulate human MSC mechanotransduction and fate. Here, we explore the role of this crosstalk in the mechanosensing of viscosity using supported lipid bilayers as substrates of varying viscosity. We functionalize these lipid bilayers with an adhesion peptide from integrins (RGD) and from N-cadherins (HAVDI), and show that integrin- and cadherin-based adhesions compete, leading to an altered MSC mechanosensing response. This response is characterised by a viscosity-dependent increase in actin flow, and a decrease in adhesion size and YAP nuclear translocation when HAVDI ligation occurs. We model this competition via a modified molecular clutch model, which drives the integrin/cadherin crosstalk in response to surface viscosity, ultimately controlling MSC lineage commitment.
Magnesium sulfate protects retinal dopaminergic neurons in rats with 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huang Leyi , Lin Renxi , Zhang Chunying , Zhang Guoheng , Qi Yuanlin , Lin Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. The main pathological features of PD are the degeneration and death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra-striatal pathway and the accumulation of Lewy bodies in neurons. In addition to the well-known hallmark symptoms such as resting tremor and muscle rigidity, Parkinson's patients also experience non-motor symptoms such as visual disturbances, hyposmia, and sleep disturbances. At the same time, visual disturbances appear earlier than motor symptoms. The visual dysfunction in early-stage of Parkinson's disease indicates the occurrence and development of the disease. The visual dysfunction in Parkinson's disease is due to the damage of retinal dopamine neurons. This study found that magnesium sulfate supplementation can effectively delay the death of retinal dopamine neurons in 6-OHDA induced rat model of PD and improve the motor symptoms of rats with anxiety-like behavior. Therefore, magnesium sulfate may provide a new option for the early diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.
A nature-inspired nanodelivery platform for gene silencing in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Meel Roy van der , Hofstraat Stijn , Anbergen Tom , Zwolsman Robby , Deckers Jeroen , Elsas Yuri van , Trines Mirre , Versteeg Iris , Priem Bram , Darwish Youssef , Kleuskens Teun , Borges Francisca , Maas Rianne , Verhalle Lars , Tielemans Willem , Vader Pieter , de Jong Olivier , Teunissen Abraham , Brechbühl Eliane , Janssen Henk , Fransen Michel , de Dreu Anne , Schrijver David , Toner Yohana C. , Beldman Thijs , Netea Mihai , Mulder Willem , Kluza Ewelina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Nucleic acid therapeutics harbor great potential for silencing, expressing, or editing genes. Here, we introduce a nanodelivery platform based on natural lipoproteins, which prevents premature degradation of small interfering RNA (siRNA), ensuring its targeted and intracellular delivery to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow. After establishing a prototype apolipoprotein lipid nanoparticle (aNP) that stably incorporates siRNA in its core, we built a comprehensive library of which we thoroughly characterized the individual aNPs’ physicochemical properties. Following the in vitro screening of all formulations, we selected eight siRNA-aNPs that are representative of the library’s diversity, and determined their capacity to silence lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) in immune cell subsets in mice, using an intravenous administration regimen. Our data show that using different aNPs, we can achieve functional gene silencing in immune cell subsets and their bone marrow progenitors. Beyond gene silencing, the aNP platform’s inherent capacity to engage immune cells provides it with considerable potential to deliver other types of nucleic acid therapeutics to HSPCs.
Data Hiding in the Multi-Cloud Environment by Product Cipher-Based Distributed Steganography
Authors: Hashmi Syed Shakeel , Mohammad Arshad Ahmad Khan , Abdul Arif Mohammad , Atheeq C , Nizamuddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The paper presents a highly effective steganography scheme designed to protect hidden data in the cloud. The proposed scheme addresses the challenges of concealing data in a decentralized manner while minimizing traces left behind by changing cover media. Two significant technical contributions are introduced: 1) The use of unchanged cover media as a reference for fragmented data, and 2) Leveraging multi-cloud storage to securely store the hidden message. Recent research highlights the vulnerability of retrieving secret data from multi-cloud storage, underscoring the need for a robust solution. To overcome this, a product cipher-based distributed steganography scheme is proposed, ensuring dynamic data hiding across multiple cloud platforms in a distributed manner. Unlike related steganographic work, the scheme does not rely on file modifications or the use of special characters for concealment, making it an undetectable secret distribution system. By avoiding suspicious file content, the scheme does not draw attention from potential adversaries during an inspection. The security analysis of the proposed mechanism confirms its resilience against attacks, as even with full access to all cloud accounts, an attacker cannot compute the hidden message. The scheme's security is guaranteed by the unknown key, the base encoding value, and the computational complexity required for the opponent to determine the appropriate sequence of secret distribution and file numbering. In contrast to the current approach, which is susceptible to brute-force attacks with computations substantially smaller than B!*K!*n!, the PCDS scheme provides significantly stronger security guarantees.
Cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of fallopian tubes: a case report
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhou Dan , Yan Jinbowen , Zhang Bo , Meng Qingwei , Lv Qiubo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Previously, such leiomyoma was rarely identified in the fallopian tubes.
Case presentation:
A female patient, aged 37, presented with a mass in the pelvic region. Ultrasonography, CT and MRI all gave the diagnosis of subserosal leiomyoma. During the surgical procedure, an enlarged right fallopian tube was observed, along with a convex, cauliflower-like vegetation in the ampulla.
Conclusions
Postoperative pathological examination indicated the presence of a cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma of the fallopian tube, which is a unique type of leiomyoma with a distinct growth pattern. It is imperative to consider the differential diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment for cotyledonoid dissecting leiomyoma.