bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis interact in the prediction of levels of self‐reported disability
Authors: Williams David A. , Farrell Michael J. , Cunningham Jill , Gracely Richard H. , Ambrose Kirsten , Cupps Thomas , Mohan Niveditha , Clauw Daniel J. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo determine predictors of disability depending on whether joint deformity and pain reporting exist independently or concurrently.MethodsSubjects were 154 volunteers for an osteoarthritis screening examination. Eligible subjects completed questionnaires for physical function, pain, and depressive symptoms; underwent evoked pain testing for tenderness assessment; and had anteroposterior and lateral radiographs taken of both knees. Two blinded rheumatologists scored the images using Kellgren‐Lawrence criteria to determine presence of deformity.ResultsSubjects were divided into 3 subgroups based on radiographic evidence of deformity and self‐reported pain. Disability was greatest when pain and deformity occurred together (F[2,151] = 18.8, P < 0.0001). Self‐reported disability in the absence of deformity was predicted by body mass index, pain threshold, and anxiety symptoms; disability was predicted by the number of osteophytes and depressive symptoms when pain and deformity occurred together.ConclusionSelf‐reported disability in osteoarthritis of the knee is greatest with concurrent pain and joint deformity. When pain and deformity do not cooccur, disability appears to be related to separate factors, including anxiety and pain threshold (e.g., tenderness).
Impact of fatigue on health‐related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rupp Ines , Boshuizen Hendriek C. , Jacobi Catharina E. , Dinant Huibert J. , van den Bos Geertrudis A. M. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo multidimensionally assess fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the impact of fatigue on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).MethodsThe study was conducted in 1999 among 490 RA patients with varying disease duration. Fatigue was measured with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI‐20) and HRQOL with a validated Dutch version of the RAND 36‐Item Health Survey. We evaluated the impact of fatigue on HRQOL by multiple linear regression analyses taking into account RA‐related pain and depressive symptoms.ResultsDifferent aspects of fatigue selectively explained different dimensions of HRQOL. The MFI‐20 was entered last to the linear regression models, resulting in an additional increase of explained variance of 1% (mental health) to 14% (vitality).ConclusionThe multidimensional portrayal of RA‐related fatigue can be used to develop intervention strategies targeted to specific aspects of fatigue. Fatigue, supplementary to RA‐related pain and depressive symptoms, appears to be a feasible and treatable target in the clinical management of RA to increase HRQOL.
Pilot clinical trial of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) versus placebo for Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Pillemer Stanley R. , Brennan Michael T. , Sankar Vidya , Leakan Rose Anne , Smith Janine A. , Grisius Margaret , Ligier Sophie , Radfar Lida , Kok Marc R. , Kingman Albert , Fox Philip C. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo screen for potential efficacy and assess feasibility and safety of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as a treatment for Sjögren's syndrome (SS).MethodsA 24‐week randomized, double‐blinded, pilot trial of oral DHEA (200 mg/day) versus placebo was conducted. The primary comparison was to a hypothesized 20% placebo response rate. If 14 consecutive subjects on DHEA did not respond, a Phase III trial would be considered futile. A placebo group of 14 subjects was planned to verify placebo response rate and estimate sample size required for a definitive trial. Response criteria required 20% improvement in at least 2 of 3 domains. Analysis of covariance was used to adjust for baseline differences and for stratified randomization. Outcome measures included visual analog scale questionnaires for dry eye and dry mouth symptoms, lissamine green ocular dye staining and Schirmer I tests, stimulated salivary flow, IgG, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).ResultsRandomization resulted in 14 DHEA and 14 placebo group subjects. At baseline, mean ± SD for DHEA versus placebo groups were Schirmer I tests 4.5 ± 4.5 versus 5.4 ± 6.1 mm/5 minutes; Van Bijsterveld score 5.3 ± 2.1 versus 5.5 ± 2.2; unstimulated saliva 0.03 ± 0.05 versus 0.04 ± 0.10 ml/minute; IgG 1,699 ± 749 versus 1,712 ± 621 g/dl; and ESR 40 ± 31 versus 44 ± 28 mm/hour. Apart from changes over the trial in dry mouth symptoms, no significant differences were noted between the DHEA and placebo groups for dry eye symptoms, objective measures of ocular dryness, stimulated salivary flow; IgG, or ESR. Four DHEA and one placebo group patient dropped out because of adverse effects. Although 7 subjects met response criteria in the DHEA group, 5 met the criteria in the placebo group, and there was no significant difference between groups.ConclusionDHEA showed no evidence of efficacy in SS. Without evidence for efficacy, patients with SS should avoid using unregulated DHEA supplements, since long‐term adverse consequences of exposure to this hormone are unknown.
Aberrations in the control of quadriceps muscle force in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Hortobágyi Tibor , Garry Joseph , Holbert Donald , Devita Paul 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the distribution of error in knee joint proprioception, quadriceps force accuracy and steadiness, and muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Special attention was paid to eccentric strength.MethodsWe compared knee OA patients (n = 20: 15 women, 5 men) with age‐ and sex‐matched, symptom‐free adults. Knee pain and mobility were assessed with standard tests. Knee joint proprioception was measured with a repositioning test. Quadriceps force accuracy and steadiness were determined during a force target‐tracking task. Maximal voluntary quadriceps force was measured during eccentric, isometric, and concentric contractions.ResultsOA patients had knee pain, needed 67% more time to complete 4 functional tasks, and produced 82% more proprioception errors (all P < 0.05). About 80% of this error was due to overshooting the target and 68% of the overshooting error occurred at 2 of the 5 least flexed knee joint positions. OA patients had 89% more errors in accurately matching target forces during submaximal quadriceps contractions and in the same tasks, OA patients also produced these forces with 155% more variability (all P < 0.05). OA patients had especially weakened ability to produce maximal voluntary eccentric strength.ConclusionQuadriceps dysfunction in knee OA includes impaired proprioception, especially in the more extended knee joint positions; impaired ability to accurately and steadily control submaximal force; and impaired eccentric strength. These results have implications for designing exercise and rehabilitation programs for patients with knee OA.
Characterization of and osteoarthritis susceptibility in ADAMTS‐4–knockout mice
Authors: Glasson Sonya S. , Askew Roger , Sheppard Barbara , Carito Brenda A. , Blanchet Tracey , Ma Hak‐Ling , Flannery Carl R. , Kanki Kim , Wang Eunice , Peluso Diane , Yang Zhiyong , Majumdar Manas K. , Morris Elisabeth A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the importance of the enzymatic activity of ADAMTS‐4 in normal growth and development and to evaluate the role of ADAMTS‐4 in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe generated catalytic domain–deleted ADAMTS‐4–transgenic mice and performed extensive gross and histologic analyses of various organs. The mice were challenged by surgical induction of joint instability leading to OA, to determine the importance of the enzymatic activity of ADAMTS‐4 in the progression of the disease. The response of wild‐type (WT) and ADAMTS‐4–knockout (ADAMTS‐4–KO) articular cartilage to interleukin‐1 and retinoic acid challenge in vitro was also evaluated.ResultsADAMTS‐4–KO mice up to 1 year of age exhibited no gross or histologic abnormalities in 36 tissue sites examined. Despite evidence of ADAMTS‐4 expression and activity in growth plates of WT mice, catalytic silencing of this proteinase caused no abnormalities in skeletal development, growth, or remodeling. There was no effect of ADAMTS‐4 knockout on the progression or severity of OA 4 weeks or 8 weeks after surgical induction of joint instability. Enzymatic cleavage of aggrecan at the TEGE373–374ARGS site was clearly evident after exposure of articular cartilage from ADAMTS‐4–KO mice to inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionAlthough expression of the ADAMTS‐4 gene has been found in many tissues throughout the body, deletion of enzymatic activity did not appear to have any effect on normal growth and physiology. Our study provides evidence that ADAMTS‐4 is the primary aggrecanase in murine growth plates; however, deletion of its enzymatic activity did not affect normal long bone remodeling. Our results also lead to the hypothesis that, in the mouse, ADAMTS‐4 is not the primary enzyme responsible for aggrecan degradation at the TEGE373–374ARGS site. The elucidation of the relative importance of ADAMTS‐4 in the pathologic process of human OA will require examination of human OA tissues and evidence of disease modification in patients following therapeutic intervention.
Profile, needs, and expectations of information professionals: What we learned from the 2003 ASIST membership survey
Authors: Vaughan Liwen , Hahn Trudi Bellardo 
Published: August 2004

AbstractA survey of American Society for Information Science and Technology members was administered via the Web in May 2003. The survey gathered demographic data about members and their preferences and expectations in regard to conferences and other ASIST products and services. With about a 32% return rate, findings were compared with an earlier survey conducted in 1979, which provides a glimpse of how the Society has changed and what needs to be done to ensure a healthy future development. The gender split has remained the same but members are about 5 years older on average than they were in 1979. A significant shift has occurred in members' institutional affiliations, from the largest group being in the industrial sector to the largest group being in educational institutions. Members on average reported slightly higher incomes (after adjusting for inflation) in 2003 than in 1979. Since 1979, a larger percentage of members have earned a doctoral degree. The most common field of study is library and information science. About half of the respondents reported that ASIST is their primary professional society. Their primary reason for maintaining ASIST membership is “learning about new developments/issues in the field.” The most common responses to the question about what factors would make ASIST conferences more appealing related to lowering costs. Other responses related to attitudes about the ASIST Bulletin and the value of other proposed products and services are summarized and reported. Detailed analyses of relationships among different variables made possible a deeper understanding of members' needs and expectations, which provides directions for design of programs and services.
Characterization of early plasma concentrations of midazolam in pigs after administration by an autoinjector
Authors: Levy Aharon , Kushnir Moshe , Chapman Shira , Brandeis Rachel , Teitelbaum Zvi , Gilat Eran 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe treatment of organophosphate‐induced poisoning is based mainly on atropine and an oxime. Prompt anticonvulsive intervention is usually also required to terminate the ensuing seizure activity and to prevent delayed permanent brain damage. Midazolam, a water‐soluble benzodiazepine agonist, has the advantage of rapid absorption following intramuscular administration. In mass casualty situations, the availability of an autoinjector, filled with midazolam, might be a further advantage. In the present study, the plasma pharmacokinetics of midazolam after administration by an autoinjector was compared with conventional intramuscular (i.m.) administration in two groups of four pigs each. During the first 15 min after injection, significantly higher plasma concentrations of midazolam were detected following autoinjector administration, compared with the i.m. injection. The physiological reflection of the accelerated midazolam absorption was a marked reduction in the time interval required for muscle relaxation, induced by midazolam. It is concluded that a midazolam autoinjector might be helpful in the mass casualty scenario following organophosphate poisoning. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of the hexosamine pathway causes oxidative stress and abnormal embryo gene expression: Involvement in diabetic teratogenesis
Authors: Horal Melissa , Zhang Zhiquan , Stanton Robert , Virkamäki Antti , Loeken Mary R. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDOxidative stress is critical to the teratogenic effects of diabetic pregnancy, yet the specific biochemical pathways responsible for oxidative stress have not been fully elucidated. The hexosamine pathway is activated in many tissues during diabetes and could contribute to oxidative stress by inhibiting the pentose shunt pathway, thereby diminishing production of the cellular antioxidant, reduced glutathione (GSH).METHODSTo test the hypothesis that activation of the hexosamine pathway might contribute to the teratogenic effects of diabetic pregnancy, pregnant mice were injected with glucose, to induce hyperglycemia, or glucosamine, to directly activate the hexosamine pathway. Embryo tissue fragments were also cultured in physiological glucose, high glucose, or physiological glucose plus glucosamine, to test effects on oxidative stress and embryo gene expression.RESULTSGlucosamine increased hexosamine synthesis and inhibited pentose shunt activity. There was a trend for transient hyperglycemia to have the same effects, but they did not reach statistical significance. However, both glucose and glucosamine significantly decreased GSH, and increased oxidative stress, as indicated by 2′,7′‐dichloro‐dihydrofluorescein fluorescence. Glucose and glucosamine inhibited expression of Pax‐3, a gene required for neural tube closure both in vivo and in vitro, and increased neural tube defects (NTDs) in vivo; these effects were prevented by GSH ethyl ester. High glucose and glucosamine inhibited Pax‐3 expression by embryo culture, but culture in glutamine‐free media to block the hexosamine pathway prevented the inhibition of Pax‐3 expression by high glucose.CONCLUSIONSActivation of the hexosamine pathway causes oxidative stress through depletion of GSH and consequent disruption of embryo gene expression. Activation of this pathway may contribute to diabetic teratogenesis. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Einwirkungen nach DIN‐Fachbericht 101
Authors: Weinreich Lothar 
Published: August 2004

AbstractNach der Einführung der DIN‐Fachberichte sind alle Bauwerksentwürfe nach dem neuen Regelwerk zu bearbeiten. Der Beitrag beschreibt, in welchen wesentlichen Punkten sich Änderungen bei der Entwurfsbearbeitung gegenüber dem bisherigen Vorgehen ergeben. Für die Vorberechnung von Massivbrücken in Längsrichtung werden die maßgebenden Einwirkungen nach altem und neuem Vorschriftenwerk gegenübergestellt. Es wird außerdem gezeigt, daß die Neuerungen bei den anzusetzenden Einwirkungen in einigen Fällen Änderungen bei den bislang gewählten Bauwerkssystemen und ‐abmessungen erforderlich machen. Die gegenüber einer Bearbeitung nach DIN‐Normen besonders zu beachtenden Punkte werden zusammengestellt.
Verbundlos vorgespannte Decken
Authors: Falkner Horst , Gerritzen Dominique 
Published: August 2004

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Hintergründe auf, die zur Beurteilung der Nachnutzbarkeit einer vorgespannten Decke nach einem Brand von Bedeutung sind. Dabei werden die Änderungen des Trag‐ und Gebrauchsverhaltens durch die Brandeinwirkung herausgestellt und erste Konstruktionsempfehlungen für die Praxis gegeben.
Biegebemessung von Bauteilen aus ultrahochfestem Beton
Authors: Teutsch Manfred , Grunert Jens Peter 
Published: August 2004

AbstractUltrahochfester Beton (UHB) unterscheidet sich von normal‐ bzw. hochfestem Beton vor allem durch ein dichteres Materialgefüge. Dies bewirkt, daß Bauteile aus UHB einen größeren Widerstand gegen mechanischen Abrieb und Frost‐Tausalzbeanspruchung sowie eine größere Undurchlässigkeit für Flüssigkeiten und Gase aufweisen. Ohne den Zusatz von Stahlfasern ist UHB jedoch ein äußerst sprödes Material, das im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit schlagartig versagt. Durch die Zugabe von Stahlfasern läßt sich ein duktiles Materialverhalten erzeugen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie man einen solchen stahlfaserverstärkten UHB durch Entwicklung von Spannungs‐Dehnungsbeziehungen auf Biegung bzw. Biegung mit Normalkraft bemessen kann.
Bei welcher Höhe versagt eine Stütze?
Authors: Quast Ulrich 
Published: August 2004

AbstractFür ideal elastische Stützen, die allein unter der Wirkung ihres Eigengewichts knicken, wurde diese Frage bereits 1778 von Leonhard Euler beantwortet. Mit den heute verfügbaren Mathematikprogrammen kann die Berechnung von Stützen, entweder als Knickproblem oder als Verformungsproblem nach Theorie 2. Ordnung und sowohl für lineare als auch für nichtlineare Moment‐Verkrümmungsbeziehungen, numerisch mit denselben Verfahren erfolgen. Solche in der eigenen Lehre erprobten Verfahren werden beispielhaft angewendet, um das Stabilitätsproblem schlanker Stahlbetonstützen infolge Steifigkeitsabnahme zu veranschaulichen.
Verwaltungsgebäude der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung Bayerns KVB, München
Authors: Lochner Irmgard , Bauer Benno 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIn München wird derzeit der Erweiterungsbau eines Verwaltungsgebäudes in Stahlbetonbauweise fertiggestellt. Das Gebäude zeichnet sich durch die Synthese von architektonischem Entwurf, Tragwerk und technischer Gebäudeausrüstung aus. Die Konstruktion wurde aus der Nutzung des Gebäudes als Kombibüro entwickelt, wobei die Möglichkeiten des Stahlbetonbaus hinsichtlich integrierter Planung und werkstoffgerechten Materialeinsatzes im Rahmen einer kostengünstigen Bauweise eingesetzt werden. Der Beitrag behandelt den konzeptionellen Ansatz, die Entwicklung der Tragwerksgeometrie und Besonderheiten in der Ausführung.
Die Flugzeughallen des ehemaligen Militärflughafens Berlin‐Friedrichsfelde
Authors: Schmidt Hartwig , Pichler Gerhard 
Published: August 2004

AbstractVon den Flugzeughallen aus der Zeit des Ersten Weltkrieges sind nur wenige erhalten geblieben, denn sie mußten aufgrund der Bestimmungen des Versailler Vertrages zerstört werden. Flugzeughallen aus Stahlbeton aus dieser Zeit sind darüber hinaus eine große Rarität, da die Hallen üblicherweise als leichte Stahlkonstruktionen errichtet wurden. In Berlin‐Karlshorst, unweit des früheren sowjetischen Kapitulationsmuseums, befinden sich, aufgereiht wie auf einer Perlenschnur, sechs Stahlbetonhallen, die 1917/18 für den neu eingerichteten Militärflughafen Berlin‐ Friedrichsfelde von der Münchner Firma “Baugesellschaft Gebrüder Rank” erbaut wurden. Bei den Nachforschungen zu den Flugzeughallen fand sich im Archiv der noch heute tätigen Baufirma die Nachkalkulation der gesamten Baumaßnahmen für die Hallen. Neben einer detaillierten Auflistung der Kosten, Arbeitsstunden und verbrauchten Materialien war dabei auch eine Beschreibung der Konstruktion und des Bauvorgangs.
Model Diagnostic Plots for Repeated Measures Data
Authors: Park Taesung , Lee Seung‐Yeoun 
Published: August 2004

AbstractIn the analysis of repeated measurements, multivariate regression models that account for the correlations among the observations from the same subject are widely used. Like the usual univariate regression models, these multivariate regression models also need some model diagnostic procedures. Though these models have been widely used, not many studies have been performed in model diagnostic areas. In this paper, we propose simple residual plots to investigate the goodness of model fit for repeated measures data. Here, we mainly focus on the mean model diagnostics. The proposed residual plots are based on the quantile‐quantile(Q–Q) plots of a χ2distribution and a normal distribution. In particular, the proposed model is useful in comparing several models simultaneously. The proposed method is illustrated using two examples. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Conditional and Unconditional Simulation of Healthy Patients' Visual Fields
Authors: Ibáñez M. V. , Simó A. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThis paper describes a simulation problem, motivated by the study of glaucoma, a very serious and widespread ocular illness. To ascertain whether a patient suffers from glaucoma, a perimetric test is done, but the evolution of the disease is very slow, and large longitudinal sets of tests taken on the same patient are needed to study its evolution, to analyze the efficiency of existing methods to detect the progression of glaucoma and to develop new ones. Simulation can be a very useful procedure to get appropriate data sets to work with. Our aim in this work is to simulate several VFs in a healthy patient to reflect his evolution in time. We use a spatio‐temporal model to simulate from, taking into account the correlation existing between the observed (or simulated) values in space and time. Two different simulation procedures (unconditional and conditional) are studied, and applied to obtain the simulations we are interested in. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Predicting Power for Longitudinal Studies with Attrition
Authors: DuBois Bowman F. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractPower analyses play an integral role in designing biomedical studies and are customary in biomedical research proposals, for example, submitted to federal regulatory and medical research agencies. An underpowered study potentially leads to inconclusive inferences and consequently misspends valuable time and financial resources allocated to the study. The occurrence of attrition or dropout further increases the risk of conducting an underpowered study. In some applications, it is desirable to provide additional assurance against insufficient statistical power by producing conservative power predictions. We propose two new methods for predicting power when expecting attrition, and both methods employ a simple probability model for the number of dropouts. One approach allows conservative power predictions that reduce the chance of underpowering studies. The second procedure gives the minimum mean squared error predictor of conditional power, given dependence on a random number of unobserved values or dropouts. We illustrate our methods for predicting power using a longitudinal study of depression. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Mean of the Inverse of a Punctured Normal Distribution and Its Application
Authors: Lai C. D. , Wood G. R. , Qiao C. G. 
Published: August 2004

AbstractThe fundamental properties of a punctured normal distribution are studied. The results are applied to three issues concerning X/Y where X and Y are independent normal random variables with means μX and μY respectively. First, estimation of μX/μY as a surrogate for E(X/Y) is justified, then the reason for preference of a weighted average, over an arithmetic average, as an estimator of μX/μY is given. Finally, an approximate confidence interval for μX/μY is provided. A grain yield data set is used to illustrate the results. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)