bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyp segmentation with interference filtering and dynamic uncertainty mining
Authors: Zhang Yunhua , Yang Gang , Gong Congjin , Zhang Jianhao , Wang Shuo , Wang Yutao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. Accurate polyp segmentation from colo-noscopy images plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. However, existing polyp segmentation methods are inevitably affected by various image noises, such as reflections, motion blur, and feces, which significantly affect the performance and generalization of the model. In addition, coupled with ambiguous boundaries between polyps and surrounding tissue, i.e. small inter-class differences, accurate polyp segmentation remains a challenging problem. Approach. To address these issues, we propose a novel two-stage polyp segmentation method that leverages a preprocessing sub-network (Pre-Net) and a dynamic uncertainty mining network (DUMNet) to improve the accuracy of polyp segmentation. Pre-Net identifies and filters out interference regions before feeding the colonoscopy images to the polyp segmentation network DUMNet. Considering the confusing polyp boundaries, DUMNet employs the uncertainty mining module (UMM) to dynamically focus on foreground, background, and uncertain regions based on different pixel confidences. UMM helps to mine and enhance more detailed context, leading to coarse-to-fine polyp segmentation and precise localization of polyp regions. Main results. We conduct experiments on five popular polyp segmentation benchmarks: ETIS, CVC-ClinicDB, CVC-ColonDB, EndoScene, and Kvasir. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance. Furthermore, the proposed Pre-Net has strong portability and can improve the accuracy of existing polyp segmentation models. Significance. The proposed method improves polyp segmentation performance by eliminating interference and mining uncertain regions. This aids doctors in making precise and reduces the risk of colorectal cancer. Our code will be released at https://github.com/zyh5119232/DUMNet.
Influence of halogen precursors on the growth of InSb nanostructures
Authors: Sten Alexander K , Roccapriore Kevin M , Squires Brian , Littler Chris , Syllaios A J , Philipose Usha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The present work highlights the role of halogen compounds in modifying the shape of the InSb nanostructures, while maintaining a high crystalline quality of the nanostructures. One-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) and two-dimensional (2D) nanoplatelets (NPLs) were synthesized by ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition. Our experimental results suggest that at a critical growth temperature of 512 ∘C, InSb NWs grow by the traditional vapor–liquid–solid growth mechanism when gold (Au) nanoparticles are used to initiate growth on an InSb film. The resulting NWs were found to have a cylindrical or tapered shape, were of high crystalline quality, and had stoichiometric composition. In the presence of halogen precursors, a change in morphology was observed and the resulting nanostructures were 2D NPLs and faceted NWs. Using existing models of crystal growth and concepts of volume, surface and edge energies, the experimental results are explained on the basis of chlorine atoms adsorbed on the wide or narrow facets of a nanocrystal, initiating nucleation and facilitating NPL or faceted NW formation. The incorporation of the chlorine atoms add a new degree of freedom to CVD synthesis of nanostructures and the results are promising for the controlled growth of novel 1D and 2D nanostructures for nano-electronic devices.
Theoretical study of the Ca+ − He ionic system with spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Yandjah L , Smida O , Alioua K , Abdul-rahman Allouche , Lamoudi N , Bouazza M T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We have performed ab-initio calculations to investigate the van der Waals interaction between a Ca+ ion and a helium atom. We have focused on determining the low-lying electronic states of the Ca+−He ionic system using advanced theoretical methods, including RCCSD(T) and SA-CASSCF/MRCI , with the incorporation of Davidson and BSSE corrections. Furthermore, we have considered the impact of spin–orbit coupling SO on these states using the state-interacting method. Spectroscopic parameters of the potential energy curves PECs were calculated and compared with existing data from previous studies. Additionally, we have evaluated vibrational levels, their spacing, radiative lifetimes, transition dipole moments TDMs and permanent electric dipole moments PDMs. The position of satellites in the absorption spectra of white dwarfs was determined. Our results were compared with available theoretical and experimental data to assess their accuracy and agreement. This study provides valuable insights into the van der Waals interaction and electronic properties of the Ca+−He ionic molecule.
Highly flexible poly-O-aminothiophenol/intercalated iodide composite with highly morphological properties for green hydrogen generation from Red Sea water
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Aldosari Eman , Geneidy Adbelrhaman Hamdeldein Ahmed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A highly flexible poly-O-amino thiophenol/intercalated iodide (POATP-I) nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized, in a one-step process, as a promising photocathode for H2 production through the Red Sea water. The fabrication of the photocathode involves the oxidation of O-amino thiophenol with iodine, leading to the formation of a remarkably flexible thin film of POATP-I. This thin film exhibits a well-developed network of polymer films. Notably, the nanocomposite demonstrates outstanding light absorbance properties in UV and Vis segments, boasting a calculated bandgap of 2.56 eV. To assess the efficiency of the photocathode, the current density (Jph) generated during the process is employed as a quantitative metric. The Jph values recorded in dark and light range from −0.2 to −1.7 mAcm−2, respectively. This substantial change in Jph highlights the impressive responsiveness of the POATP-I thin film to incident light, facilitating the high-energy electrons formation that contributes to the environmentally friendly hydrogen gas. Furthermore, the thin film exhibits notable responsiveness across various monochromatic photons, from 340 to 730 nm. Optimal performance is observed at 340 nm, where Jph reaches −0.45 mA.cm−2. Additionally, the estimated hydrogen production rate is calculated at 0.15 mmol h−1 for every 10 cm2 of the material’s surface. These remarkable characteristics position the material for potential industrial applications in hydrogen gas production, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly solution for hydrogen production.
The clustering of dark sirens' invisible host galaxies
Authors: Dalang Charles , Baker Tessa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dark sirens are a powerful way to infer cosmological and astrophysical parameters from the combination of gravitational wave sirens and galaxy catalogues. Importantly, the method relies on the completeness of the galaxy catalogues being well modelled. A magnitude-limited catalogue will always be incomplete to some extent, requiring a completion scheme to avoid biasing the parameter inference. Standard methods include homogeneous and multiplicative completion, which have the advantage of simplicity but underestimate or overestimate the amplitude of structure at low completeness, respectively. In this work, we propose a new method to complete galaxy catalogues which uses clustering information to incorporate knowledge of the large scale structure into the dark sirens method. We find that if the structure of the true number of galaxies is sufficiently well preserved in the catalogue, our estimator can perform drastically better than both homogeneous and multiplicative completion. We lay the foundations for a maximally informative dark sirens analysis and discuss its limitations.
A parametric model for self-interacting dark matter halos
Authors: Yang Daneng , Nadler Ethan O. , Yu Hai-Bo , Zhong Yi-Ming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We propose a parametric model for studying self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) halos. The
model uses an analytical density profile, calibrated using a controlled N-body SIDM simulation
that covers the entire gravothermal evolution, including core-forming and -collapsing phases. By
normalizing the calibrated density profile, we obtain a universal description for SIDM halos at
any evolution phase. The model allows us to infer properties of SIDM halos based on their cold
dark matter (CDM) counterparts. As a basic application, we only require two characteristic
parameters of an isolated CDM halo at z = 0. We then extend the model to incorporate effects
induced by halo mass changes, such as major mergers or tidal stripping, making it applicable to
both isolated halos and subhalos. The parametric model is tested and validated using cosmological
zoom-in SIDM simulations available in the literature.
Coupled action potential and calcium dynamics underlie robust spontaneous firing in dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Khamis Hadeel , Cohen Ohad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons are specialized cells in the substantia nigra, tasked with dopamine secretion. This secretion relies on intracellular calcium signaling coupled to neuronal electrical activity. These neurons are known to display spontaneous calcium oscillations in-vitro and in-vivo, even in synaptic isolation, controlling the basal dopamine levels. Here we outline a kinetic model for the ion exchange across the neuronal plasma membrane. Crucially, we relax the assumption of constant, cytoplasmic sodium and potassium concentration. We show that sodium-potassium dynamics are strongly coupled to calcium dynamics and are essential for the robustness of spontaneous firing frequency. The model predicts several regimes of electrical activity, including tonic and ‘burst’ oscillations, and predicts the switch between those in response to perturbations. ‘Bursting’ correlates with increased calcium amplitudes, while maintaining constant average, allowing for a vast change in the calcium signal responsible for dopamine secretion. All the above traits provide the flexibility to create rich action potential dynamics that are crucial for cellular function.
Quasi-classical dynamics of a charged particle under conditions of ionization losses in a weak magnetic field
Authors: Sazonov S V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The quasi-classical dynamics of a charged particle in a weak magnetic field in the presence of dissipative losses caused by ionization of the medium is studied. The approximate approach proposed here is a generalization of the Caldirola—Kanai method for quantizing the translational motion of particles in dissipative media. It is shown that a weak curvature of a classical trajectory by the magnetic field is accompanied by an isotropic increase of uncertainty of the particle coordinates to the some maximum value at the moment the localized probability density wave packet stops. The limitation of the increase of coordinate uncertainty is due to irreversible ionization losses.
Probing valence quark width of the proton in deeply virtual Compton scattering at high energies*
Authors: Xiang 向 Wenchang 文昌 , Cao 曹 Dewen 德文 , Zhou 周 Daicui 代翠 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We use the refined hot spot model to study the valence quark shape of the proton with the deeply virtual Compton scattering at high energies in the color glass condensate framework. To investigate the individual valence quark shape, a novel treatment of the valence quark width is employed. We calculate the cross-sections for coherent and incoherent deeply virtual Compton scattering using, for the first time, different widths (

and

) for the profile density distributions of the up and down quarks instead of using the same width as in the literature. We find that the cross-sections calculated with

at each collision energy are consistent with each other, which is in agreement with theoretical expectations, whereas those computed with

show some discrepancies. This outcome implies that the up quark might emit more gluons than the down quark, leading to

at high energy. The impact of energy on the outcome is estimated. Our results show that as the collision energy increases, the aforementioned discrepancies are not only significantly broadened, but also shift to a relatively smaller momentum transfer range at the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) and Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) energies, which indicates that the EIC and LHeC can provide an unprecedented chance to access the shape of the valence quark of the proton.
Study of the topological quantities of lattice QCD using a modified DCGAN frame
Authors: Gao 高 Lin 璘 , Ying 应 Heping 和平 , Zhang 张 Jianbo 剑波 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A modified deep convolutional generative adversarial network (M-DCGAN) frame is proposed to study the N-dimensional (ND) topological quantities in lattice QCD based on Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We construct a new scaling structure including fully connected layers to support the generation of high-quality high-dimensional images for the M-DCGAN. Our results suggest that the M-DCGAN scheme of machine learning will help to more efficiently calculate the 1D distribution of topological charge and the 4D topological charge density compared with MC simulation alone.
Dark energy and matter interacting scenario to relieve H
0 and S
8 tensions*
Authors: Gao 高 Li-Yang 立扬 , Xue 薛 She-Sheng 社生 , Zhang 张 Xin 鑫 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We consider a new cosmological model (called

CDM), in which the vacuum energy interacts with matter and radiation, and test this model using the current cosmological observations. Using the CMB+BAO+SN (CBS) dataset to constrain the model, we find that

and

tensions are relieved to

and

, respectively. However, in this case, the

CDM model is not favored by the data, compared with ΛCDM. We find that when the

and

data are added to the data combination, the situation is significantly improved. In the CBS+

case, the model relieves the

tension to

, and the model is favored over ΛCDM. In the CBS+

+

case, we obtain a synthetically best situation, in which the

and

tensions are relieved to

and

, respectively. In this case, the model is most favored by the data. Therefore, this cosmological model can greatly relieve the

tension and simultaneously effectively alleviate the

tension.
The role of stimulus periodicity on spinal cord stimulation-induced artificial sensations in rodents
Authors: Slack Jacob C , Zeiser Sidnee L , Yadav Amol P 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective. Sensory feedback is critical for effectively controlling brain-machine interfaces and neuroprosthetic devices. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is proposed as a technique to induce artificial sensory perceptions in rodents, monkeys, and humans. However, to realize the full potential of SCS as a sensory neuroprosthetic technology, a better understanding of the effect of SCS pulse train parameter changes on sensory detection and discrimination thresholds is necessary. Approach. Here we investigated whether stimulation periodicity impacts rats’ ability to detect and discriminate SCS-induced perceptions at different frequencies. Main results. By varying the coefficient of variation (CV) of interstimulus pulse interval, we showed that at lower frequencies, rats could detect highly aperiodic SCS pulse trains at lower amplitudes (i.e. decreased detection thresholds). Furthermore, rats learned to discriminate stimuli with subtle differences in periodicity, and the just-noticeable differences from a highly aperiodic stimulus were smaller than those from a periodic stimulus. Significance. These results demonstrate that the temporal structure of an SCS pulse train is an integral parameter for modulating sensory feedback in neuroprosthetic applications.
Strategy revision phase with payoff threshold in the public goods game
Authors: Alberto Javarone Marco , Pratap Singh Shaurya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Commonly, the strategy revision phase in evolutionary games relies on payoff comparison. Namely, agents compare their payoff with the opponent, assessing whether changing strategy can be potentially convenient. Even tiny payoff differences can be crucial in this decision process. In this work, we study the dynamics of cooperation in the public goods game, introducing a threshold ε in the strategy revision phase. In doing so, payoff differences narrower than ε entail the decision process reduces to a coin flip. Interestingly, with ordinary agents, results show that payoff thresholds curb the emergence of cooperation. Yet, the latter can be sustained by these thresholds if the population is composed of conformist agents, which replace the random-based revision with selecting the strategy of the majority. To conclude, agents sensible only to consistent payoff differences may represent ‘real-world’ individuals unable to properly appreciate advantages or disadvantages when facing a dilemma. These agents may be detrimental to the emergence of cooperation or, on the contrary, supportive when endowed with a conformist attitude.
Development of a knowledge base for an expert system supporting the decision of industrial mobile robot selection
Authors: Boleraczki M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the growth of industrial mobile robots, more and more manufacturing companies are producing such robots. As a result, there is a growing market variety for companies wanting to adopt these robots. It is an economic advantage if a robot selected for a specific task can be operated optimally. To this end, the selection process must already be carried out with optimal operation in mind. In my research, I develop such an industrial mobile robot selection support system, which generates a knowledge base from a database and then supports the selection decision with an expert system. In this paper, I describe the structure, interrelationship and test results of this database and knowledge base.
Real-time detecting deformation on pantograph contact strip based on image processing technique
Authors: Militaru G , Panoiu M , Panoiu C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Railway vehicles’ traction power supply system has two main components, the catenary contact and the pantograph. During the operation, contact is influenced by electromechanical wear phenomena. Deformation on the pantograph contact strip affects its power transmission quality because contact loos with the catenary reduces the railway system’s overall reliability. Their maintenance and inspection are usually done for periods of time with negative consequences in terms of costs and safety. Thus, in this study, we developed a contact strip monitoring method based on image processing for inspection to measure the contact strip thickness. The measurement system is made through a single camera that acquires images from the contact area, measuring the contact strip’s thickness using image processing techniques.
Study of MOS and IGBT transistors at switching with variable duty cycle
Authors: Cunţan C D , Baciu I , Osaci M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the functionality of MOS and IGBT transistors is examined under identical working conditions, both in terms of command frequency and load circuit. A variable duty cycle and variable frequency signal generator is used to control transistors. Various electronic components and Arduino-UNO modules, as well as the 16×2 LCD screen, were used to create the signal generator. The control signal is amplified by a current amplifier to adapt the output voltage to the value required to control the transistors. The operation of MOS and IGBT transistors at various operating frequencies with resistive or inductive loads is compared. Thus, the communication times of the transistor capsules were determined at various operating temperatures. The temperature was determined indirectly by connecting a thermistor to the transistor capsule.
Design and Strength Analysis of a New Construction of a Sweeper with an Independent Surface Copying System Dedicated to Small Loaders and Front Loaders
Authors: Gierz Ł , Łykowski W , Ślaski G , Nowakowski M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Most enterprises and farms have paved parking lots, yards, warehouses, or sidewalks that need to be cleaned or cleaned. There are many sweepers available on the Polish and European markets, but there is still a lack of a solution that would be mounted on pallet forks and would have an independent copying system to support sweeping surfaces with different inclinations. The aim of the work was to develop a conceptual design for a new sweeper equipped with an independent surface copying system dedicated to small loaders and front loaders, as a well as strength analysis of the main frame. The conceptual design included an analysis of available solutions, development of a 3D CAD model of the new sweeper, and a detailed strength analysis of the sweeper’s main frame using the finite element method (FEM). The sweeper model was made in the Autodesk Inventor program, while the FEM strength analysis was made in the Siemens NX program. The designed frame model did not have nodes in which the stresses would be greater than 25% of the allowable stress in the material structure and 33% of the maximum allowable stress in the structure of the joints. The sweeper developed new design fulfills all the assumed functions and has a good chance of application.
Determination of the reliability of cement mills
Authors: Vasiu T , Berghian A Budiul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
For any industrial entity put into operation, the problem is that it fulfils its specified function, under certain conditions of use and for a specified period of time, i.e. to have an appropriate reliability. In calculating the reliability of industrial entities in general and cement mills in particular, the main problem is to obtain the necessary information. They may be obtained from laboratory tests or tests under normal operating conditions, from maintenance teams, or from specialized control institutions. The general opinion is that only tests under normal operating conditions can provide real data on the behaviour of entities, subassemblies, and their component parts, which is why in general, reliability calculations are based on data obtained from so-called operation / failure reports. Therefore, considering this opinion, the reliability of cement mills was assessed following the operation of such a machine.
Possibilities of exploitation of useful metals from used Li-ion batteries
Authors: Rus I A , Băneasă C Birtok , Socalici A , Nicolae E V , Gaianu O 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The paper presents the possibilities of recovering cobalt from used batteries. Given the evolution of the electric car market, the demand for cells of those raw materials for batteries such as cobalt, nickel, lithium will increase in the coming years. Efforts must be made by all actors involved to meet these needs in a sustainable manner. The recycling of used batteries involves the utilization of valuable elements present within them. Electric car batteries are part of the circular economy in which battery materials are recovered and reused to produce other batteries. Recycling is important because it reduces the pressure on the demand for raw materials.