bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of serum amyloid A and prognosis in people with diabetes and COVID‐19: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Qu Duoduo , Liu Jia , Zhou Lihua , Yang Yaling , Wu Chenwei , Xu Xinyue , Zhu Qin , Wang Chunhong , Zhao Xiaolong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionSerum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute phase reactive protein that plays a vital role in the early diagnosis, risk prediction, efficacy observation and prognosis evaluation of infectious diseases. This study aimed to assess the association between SAA levels and the prognosis of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe carried out this retrospective cohort study from March 2022 to May 2022. The population was stratified by tertiles of SAA levels: low (<8.5 mg/L), medium (8.5–36 mg/L) and high (>36 mg/L). The primary outcome was whether the patient developed severe COVID‐19, and secondary outcomes included the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with COVID‐19 and diabetes.ResultsWe analyzed 910 diabetes patients with COVID‐19. The median age of the patients was 69 years, and 52.3% were men. As SAA levels increased, the proportion of severe COVID‐19 (6.3% vs 7.3% vs 22.8%, P < 0.001) and the proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation also increased among the three groups. Patients with high SAA levels had a longer length of hospital stay compared with patients with medium SAA and low SAA levels. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that SAA >36 mg/L further increased the odds ratio to 4.423 (P < 0.001) for the development of severe COVID‐19 compared with low SAA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age and sex, confirmed that SAA >36 mg/L remained an independent risk factor for the development of severe COVID‐19 (adjusted odds ratio 3.038, P < 0.001).ConclusionsSAA levels are strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients with COVID‐19 and diabetes.
Performance of biological and chemical nematicides in different soils to control Meloidogyne incognita in tomato plants
Authors: Loffredo Angelo , Edwards Scott , Ploeg Antoon , Becker J. Ole 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThree fluorinated, one carbamate nematicide, as well as two biological control agents were tested in greenhouse trials to determine their efficacy against Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants in three different soils. Each soil was treated with one of the following chemical nematicides at the labelled rate: fluensulfone, fluopyram, fluazaindolizine, and oxamyl. The biocontrol agents used were Metacordyceps chlamydosporia and Pasteuria penetrans. In one additional treatment, a combination of the biocontrol agents was applied. After 60 days, root‐knot nematode population data, tomato plant growth, and root galling were assessed. Of the chemical nematicide treatments, fluazaindolizine had the strongest effect on M. incognita J2 in soil, with a 99% reduction relative to the untreated control. More than 99% reduction in the number of eggs per root system was achieved by all three fluorinated nematicides. The strongest effect on M. incognita J2 in soil by a biological control agent was in a combined M. chlamydosporia + P. penetrans treatment that resulted in an 87% reduction. This combined treatment was also the most effective on the eggs per root system, reducing the number of eggs by 69% relative to the untreated control. The different soils affected the efficacy of the biocontrol agents more than the efficacy of the fluorinated nematicides. For example, the percentage reduction in M. incognita J2 by the biocontrol treatments ranged from 40% to 65% for the three soils. For the fluorinated nematicides this range was 96% to 97%. These trials demonstrate the influence of the growth substrate on the efficacy of the biocontrol treatments. Overall, the tested biological control agents did not match the novel nematicides' early protection of tomato transplants.
Suicide‐related disclosure patterns among culturally minoritized youth: Examining differences across race, ethnicity, gender identity, and sexual orientation
Authors: Shin Ki Eun , Spears Angela Page , Zhang Renjie , Cha Christine B. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveSharing one's suicidal thoughts and behaviors, or suicide‐related disclosure, allows adolescents to recruit help from others. Despite elevated risk among culturally minoritized youth, their suicide‐related disclosure remains understudied.Methods191 adolescents (M = 15.98, SD = 1.04, range = 13–17), including minoritized youth (38% racially, 19% ethnically, 40% gender, and 77% sexually), were recruited via social media ads and completed an anonymous online survey on suicide‐related disclosure to informal support sources (e.g., family, friends). Disclosure rates, targets, and reasons for disclosure and nondisclosure were compared based on race, ethnicity, gender identity, and sexual orientation.ResultsRacially minoritized adolescents less often disclosed suicidal ideation and more strongly endorsed fear of negative reactions and resistance to intervention as reasons for nondisclosure, and reciprocity as reasons for disclosure, than White adolescents. Cisgender adolescents less often disclosed suicidal ideation and more strongly endorsed dismissal of suicide risk as reasons for nondisclosure than gender minoritized adolescents. Non‐Hispanic adolescents more strongly endorsed help‐seeking as reasons for disclosure than Hispanic adolescents. While adolescents overall disclosed most often to friends, heterosexual adolescents disclosed more to family than sexually minoritized adolescents.ConclusionRacial and gender disparities in suicide‐related disclosure may occur for distinct reasons among adolescents. Uncovering patterns of disclosure may facilitate detection of suicide risk among minoritized youth.
Draft genome sequences of biofuel production microalgae
Auxenochlorella protothecoides
and
Chlorella sorokiniana
Authors: Shwed P. S. , Bernatchez S. , Leveque G. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Green microalgae are used in biofuel production. To contribute to the knowledge of the Chlorellaceae family, the
de novo
assembled draft genome sequences of
Auxenochlorella protothecoides
Kruger and
Chlorella sorokiniana
Shihira and Krauss are presented.
Olovnikov, Telomeres, and Telomerase. Is It Possible to Prolong a Healthy Life?
Authors: Yegorov Yegor E. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The science of telomeres and telomerase has made tremendous progress in recent decades. In this review, we consider it first in a historical context (the Carrel–Hayflick–Olovnikov–Blackburn chain of discoveries) and then review current knowledge on the telomere structure and dynamics in norm and pathology. Central to the review are consequences of the telomere shortening, including telomere position effects, DNA damage signaling, and increased genetic instability. Cell senescence and role of telomere length in its development are discussed separately. Therapeutic aspects and risks of telomere lengthening methods including use of telomerase and other approaches are also discussed.
Prescribing of evidence-based diabetes pharmacotherapy in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Alexopoulos Anastasia-Stefania , Parish Alice , Olsen Maren , Batch Bryan C , Moylan Cynthia , Crowley Matthew J 
Published: November 2023

IntroductionMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Pioglitazone and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are medications used in T2D that can resolve MASH and should be considered in all patients with T2D and MASH. We assessed prescription rates of evidence-based T2D pharmacotherapy (EBP) in MASH, and ascertained racial/ethnic disparities in prescribing.Research design and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on patients in Duke University Health System with diagnosis codes for T2D and MASH between January 2019 and January 2021. Only patients with ≥1 primary care or endocrinology encounter were included. The primary outcome was EBP, defined as ≥1 prescription for pioglitazone and/or a GLP-1RA during the study period. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the primary outcome.ResultsA total of 847 patients with T2D and MASH were identified; mean age was 59.7 (SD 12) years, 61.9% (n=524) were female, and 11.9% (n=101) and 4.6% (n=39) were of Black race and Latino/a/x ethnicity, respectively. EBP was prescribed in 34.8% (n=295). No significant differences were noted in the rates of EBP use across racial/ethnic groups (Latino/a/x vs White patients: adjusted OR (aOR) 1.82, 95% CI 0.78 to 4.28; Black vs White patients: aOR 0.76, 95% CI 0.44 to 1.33, p=0.20).ConclusionsEBP prescriptions, especially pioglitazone, are low in patients with T2D and MASH, regardless of race/ethnicity. These data underscore the need for interventions to close the gap between current and evidence-based care.
Prevalence of Malaria Parasite among Pregnant Women Attending to Saudi Kassala Teaching Hospital in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan
Authors: Idris Nour Alnaeem Abdalla , Karrar Tafawl Ibrahim , Kebayer Mohamed Hassan Ahmed , Abd Elwahid Mohamed Nada Ali , Mohammed Zarroug Khadega Suleiman , Ismael Hajrhma Mohammedahmed Hajrhma , Salah Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: November 2023

Objective. Malaria during pregnancy is a priority area for malaria research and control as pregnant women represent a high risk group for severe malaria, and the presentation of malaria during pregnancy varies according to the level of transmission in the area; so the aim of this study is to determine the prevalence rates of malaria parasite among pregnant women attending to Saudi Kassala Teaching hospital in Kassala state, 2022. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Saudi Kassala Teaching hospital in Kassala State. This study involved one hundred and eighty-five blood samples collected from pregnant women who was then examined by using blood films and ICT for malaria, and the data were collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results. The prevalence of malaria among pregnant women was 2.2% (95% CI: 0.006–0.054). There was no significant difference among the different age groups with respect to the prevalence of malaria (

P

value = 0.483). The prevalence of malaria in rural residency was 2.2%, and this was significantly more common than the urban residency (

P

value = 0.021). When compared across the gestational trimesters, there was no significant difference between them (

P

value = 0.518). The number of gravidity is not related to malaria infection (

P

value = 0.737). The presence of symptom compliant of malaria during pregnancy does not suggest the presence of malaria (

P

value = 0.152). No difference was found between the different educational levels with respect to the prevalence of malaria (

P

value = 0.362). The result showed that there was 1 (0.5%) negative result in ICT which was positive in blood film for malaria (BFFM) and there were 3 (1.6%) positive malaria parasites by both methods in all 185 samples with statistically insignificant differences (

P

= 0.703). Conclusion. Plasmodium falciparum was only species detected in this study. Malaria among pregnant women was more prevalent in rural areas. However, other factors such as age, gestational age, gravidity, and educational level do not affect the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women. The presence of symptomatic compliant of malaria during pregnancy does not suggest the presence of malaria. The use of ICT or BFFM has similar diagnostic outcome for malaria in pregnancy.
Imāmī Theological Thought in the Early Seventh/Thirteenth Century: Sālim b. Maḥfūẓ Ibn ʿUzayza (or ʿ⁠Azīza) and His K. al-Minhāj
Authors: Ansari Hassan , Nazari Hamid Ataei , Schmidtke Sabine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
MS Tehran, Malik 1650 includes not only one of the earliest witnesses of al-Miqdād b. ʿ⁠Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Ḥillī al-Suyūrī’s (d. 826/1422–23) al-Anwār al-jalāliyya li-l-Fuṣūl al-naṣīriyya, completed in 852/1448, but also a quotation from the otherwise lost K. al-Minhāj, a theological summa by the early seventh/thirteenth-century Imāmī scholar Sālim b. Maḥfūṭ Ibn ʿUzayza (or ʿ⁠Azīza) that was popular among Imāmī scholars of al-Ḥilla until the ninth/fifteenth century. The present study discusses the scarce available data about Sālim b. Maḥfūẓ and the reception of his K. al-Minhāj, and it includes an editio princeps of the portion of the work that is preserved in MS Malik 1650.
Manuscript Treasures from Najaf in Carl Brockelmann’s Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur
Authors: Schmidtke Sabine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In the 1890s, Carl Brockelmann (d. 1956) embarked on a mission to compile single-handedly a bibliography of the entire extant Muslim literary tradition in the Arabic language. Though the task proved impossible to accomplish in full, the supplement volumes (published in 1937, 1938, and 1942) and the second edition (published in 1943 and 1949) that eventually replaced the original Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur (GAL) remain an indispensable tool for Arabists and Islamicists today, especially for the mid-fifth/eleventh century and later. Little is known about how Brockelmann went about his work in the decades between the publication of the original GAL and the late 1930s and 1940s, when he was preparing the supplements and the second edition. Access to the relevant primary and secondary material proved challenging and variable over the course of Brockelmann’s career. The difficulties he encountered in consulting the relevant materials were partly alleviated by the support he received from colleagues, especially Hellmut Ritter (d. 1971), who was based in Istanbul and had access to the rich manuscript holdings of the local libraries. However, the importance of Ritter’s contributions to Brockelmann’s work goes beyond these manuscripts. For example, Ritter provided Brockelmann with two documents concerning the manuscript treasures of Najaf: a letter he had received in March 1936 from a young scholar in Najaf, ʿ⁠Alī al-Khāqānī (d. 1400/1979 or 1980), in which the latter described a selection of locally held manuscripts, and a handwritten catalogue by one Najafābādī. Eventually Brockelmann also had access to the first two volumes of Āghā Buzurg al-Ṭihrānī’s (d. 1389/1970) al-Dharīʿ⁠a ilā taṣānīf al-Shīʿ⁠a, his third important source for the manuscripts of Najaf. The present study analyses Brockelmann’s usage of these three sources.
A Manual of Zaydī Muʿtazilī Dogmatic Texts from Early Sixth/Twelfth-Century Iran
Authors: Ansari Hassan , Zadeh Ammar Jomah Falahieh , Foroughi Rouhallah , Khalkhali Ehsan Mousavi , Schmidtke Sabine 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
MS Riyadh, Maktabat Malik Fahd al-Waṭaniyya 748 is a multitext volume copied by al-Ḥasan b. Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. ʿAlī Ibn Abī l-ʿAshīra in 552/1157 in Ṣaʿda. It consists of doctrinal texts by Zaydī and Muʿtazilī authors, invariably Iranian. The codex is the only known extant witness of all but two of the tracts it includes (the exceptions being Ismāʿīl b. ʿAlī b. Ismāʿīl al-Farrazādhī’s K. Taʿlīq al-Tabṣira and Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Dāʿī al-Ḥasanī’s K. Ḥaqāʾiq al-aʿrāḍ wa-aḥwālihā wa-sharḥihā), and two of its tracts, K. al-Nasīm fī l-uṣūl by one Abū Jaʿfar and K. Muhaj al-ʿulūm by Muʿādh b. Abī l-Khayr al-Hamadhānī, are not even attested in the relevant biobibliographical sources. This study includes critical editions of the doctrinal tracts included in the majmūʿa as well as an additional tract preserved in a related codex that was apparently also copied by Ibn Abī l-ʿAshīra (MS Milan, Ambrosiana, ar. E 462). The edited tracts include Abū l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās Ibn Sharwīn’s K. al-Wujūh allatī taʿẓumu ʿalayhā l-ṭāʿāt ʿinda llāh, his K. al-Yāqūta, and his Ḥaqāʾiq al-ashyāʾ, ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Hamadhānī’s Ḥudūd al-alfāẓ, Ibn al-Dāʿī’s K. Ḥaqāʾiq al-aʿrāḍ wa-aḥwālihā wa-sharḥihā, the extant part of the K. al-Nasīm fī l-uṣūl, K. Muhaj al-ʿulūm, by Muʿādh b. Abī l-Khayr al-Hamadhānī, fragments of two theological summae by unidentified Zaydī scholars, and collections of doctrinal definitions of uncertain authorship.
Branch retinal artery occlusion with paracentral acute middle maculopathy related to a COVID-19 infection in a patient with Anosmia
Authors: Damasceno Nadyr A , Miranda Patricia , Bekman Felipe , Yannuzzi Nicholas A , Lima Luiz H , Farah Michel E , Flynn Harry , Damasceno Eduardo F 
Published: November 2023

Purpose To report a case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) due to branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) as a complication of COVID-19. Methods A case report evaluated through spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein angiography, and OCT angiography. Results A 55-year-old man complained of blurred vision in the right eye. He presented with anosmia and tested positive for COVID-19 one week before. Fundus examination revealed a superior temporal whitening of the retina, SD-OCT showed a hyperreflective band-like lesion on the nuclear layer consistent with PAMM. Conclusion COVID-19 infection involves inflammatory and thrombotic events. Even patients with just anosmia may have complications such as BRAO associated with PAMM.
A fully automated pipeline for the extraction of pectoralis muscle area from chest computed tomography scans
Authors: Genkin Daniel , Jenkins Alex R. , van Noord Nikki , Makimoto Kalysta , Collins Sophie , Stickland Michael K. , Tan Wan C. , Bourbeau Jean , Jensen Dennis , Kirby Miranda 
Published: November 2023

BackgroundComputed tomography (CT)-derived pectoralis muscle area (PMA) measurements are prognostic in people with or at-risk of COPD, but fully automated PMA extraction has yet to be developed. Our objective was to develop and validate a PMA extraction pipeline that can automatically: 1) identify the aortic arch slice; and 2) perform pectoralis segmentation at that slice.MethodsCT images from the Canadian Cohort of Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) study were used for pipeline development. Aorta atlases were used to automatically identify the slice containing the aortic arch by group-based registration. A deep learning model was trained to segment the PMA. The pipeline was evaluated in comparison to manual segmentation. An external dataset was used to evaluate generalisability. Model performance was assessed using the Dice–Sorensen coefficient (DSC) and PMA error.ResultsIn total 90 participants were used for training (age 67.0±9.9 years; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 93±21% predicted; FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) 0.69±0.10; 47 men), and 32 for external testing (age 68.6±7.4 years; FEV165±17% predicted; FEV1/FVC 0.50±0.09; 16 men). Compared with manual segmentation, the deep learning model achieved a DSC of 0.94±0.02, 0.94±0.01 and 0.90±0.04 on the true aortic arch slice in the train, validation and external test sets, respectively. Automated aortic arch slice detection obtained distance errors of 1.2±1.3 mm and 1.6±1.5 mm on the train and test data, respectively. Fully automated PMA measurements were not different from manual segmentation (p>0.05). PMA measurements were different between people with and without COPD (p=0.01) and correlated with FEV1% predicted (p<0.05).ConclusionA fully automated CT PMA extraction pipeline was developed and validated for use in research and clinical practice.
Biomarkers of chronic airflow limitation and COPD identified by mass spectrometry
Authors: Molin Magnus , Incamps Anne , Lemasson Manon , Andersson Mats , Pertsinidou Eleftheria , Högman Marieann , Lisspers Karin , Ställberg Björn , Sjölander Anders , Malinovschi Andrei , Janson Christer 
Published: November 2023

RationaleCOPD affects 300 million people worldwide and is the third leading cause of death according to World Health Organization global health estimates. Early symptoms are subtle, and so COPD is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Thus, there is an unmet need for biomarkers that can identify individuals at early stages of the disease before clinical symptoms have manifested. To date, few biomarkers are available for clinical diagnostic use in COPD.MethodsWe evaluated a panel of serum biomarkers related to inflammation and infection for their ability to discriminate between 77 subjects with chronic airflow limitation (CAL) and 142 subjects with COPD,versus150 healthy subjects (divided into two control groups that were matched with regards to age, gender and smoking to CAL and COPD). Healthy subjects and CAL were from Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD), a population-based study. CAL was defined by post-bronchodilatory forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7 in the BOLD population. COPD subjects were from Tools for Identifying Exacerbations (TIE), a COPD patient cohort. Quantification of 100 biomarker candidates was done by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsSeveral protein-derived peptides were upregulated in CAL, compared to controls; most notably peptides representing histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP1), α1-antitrypsin (α1AT) and fibronectin. Out of these, HRG-, AGP1- and α1AT-specific peptides were also elevated in the COPD cohort.ConclusionHRG, AGP1 and α1AT biomarkers distinguish subjects with CAL and COPD from healthy controls. HRG and AGP1 represent novel findings.