bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Cannula Drain in Reducing Edema and Ecchymosis after Rhinoplasty
Authors: Sulaiman Saad Younus , Alnori Haitham , Al-Talibi Islam , Goksel Abdulkadir 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRhinoplasty is one of the most common plastic surgeries and is commonly associated with postoperative edema, ecchymosis, and pain which play a role in patients' dissatisfaction. In this randomized comparative study, we discuss the effect of cannula drainage in the reduction of postoperative periorbital edema, ecchymosis, pain, and nasal obstruction after open structural septorhinoplasty. The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center from April to November 2022. We performed internal lateral osteotomy on all patients using the lateral saw and aided by lateral osteotome. At the end of the procedure, a cannula drain is prepared and inserted in the subperiosteal tunnel on the left side only. Patients were examined on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days for periorbital edema, ecchymosis, pain, and nasal obstruction, and each side is scored separately. A total of 40 patients (80 sides in total) were recruited, 22 females (55%) and 18 males (45%), all of whom were adults (18–44 years old; mean age 29 years). The most frequent age group is those younger than 20 years representing 35% of the sample and the males forming 33.3%. The reduction in edema and pain was statistically significant in the drained sides (p = 0.000) during all the postoperative days. On the other hand, ecchymosis was lower on the drained side but statistically insignificant (p = > 0.29). Nasal obstruction was reduced significantly only on the seventh postoperative day (p = 0.000). The postoperative morbidities associated with rhinoplasty could have important functional and psychological effects on patients. This study demonstrates that inserting a cannula in the subperiosteal tunnel for drainage in rhinoplasty yields a significant clinical and statistical decrease in postoperative periorbital edema and pain with little effect on ecchymosis and nasal obstruction.
Co-surgeon versus Single-surgeon Outcomes in Free Tissue Breast Reconstruction: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Joshua , Zhu Xi Ming , Ng Kimberly C. , Alhefzi Muayyad M. , Avram Ronen , Coroneos Christopher J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Autologous breast reconstruction offers superior long-term patient reported outcomes compared with implant-based reconstruction. Universal adoption of free tissue transfer has been hindered by procedural complexity and long operative time with microsurgery. In many specialties, co-surgeon (CS) approaches are reported to decrease operative time while improving surgical outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes the available literature to evaluate the potential benefit of a CS approach in autologous free tissue breast reconstruction versus single-surgeon (SS).
Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE from inception to December 2022. Published reports comparing CS to SS approaches in uni- and bilateral autologous breast reconstruction were identified. Primary outcomes included operative time, postoperative outcomes, processes of care, and financial impact. Risk of bias was assessed and outcomes were characterized with effect sizes.
Results Eight retrospective studies reporting on 9,425 patients were included. Compared with SS, CS approach was associated with a significantly shorter operative time (SMD −0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.01 to −0.29, p < 0.001), with the largest effect size in bilateral reconstructions (standardized mean difference [SMD] −1.02, 95% CI −1.37 to −0.67, p < 0.00001). CS was also associated with a significant decrease in length of hospitalization (SMD −0.39, 95% CI −0.71 to −0.07, p = 0.02). Odds of flap failure or surgical complications including surgical site infection, hematoma, fat necrosis, and reexploration were not significantly different.
Conclusion CS free tissue breast reconstruction significantly shortens operative time and length of hospitalization compared with SS approaches without compromising postoperative outcomes. Further research should model processes and financial viability of its adoption in a variety of health care models.
Quality of Life Outcomes after Free Fibula Flap Reconstruction of Mandibular Defects: A Longitudinal Examination
Authors: Zhang Kevin K. , Cohen Zack , Cunningham Louise , Kim Minji , Monge Jasmine , Tecce Michael , Nelson Jonas A. , Cracchiolo Jennifer , Matros Evan , Shahzad Farooq , Allen Robert J. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background A comprehensive understanding of changes in health-related quality of life after head and neck cancer surgery is necessary for effective preoperative counseling. The goal of this study was to perform a longitudinal analysis of postoperative quality of life outcomes after fibula free flap (FFF) mandible reconstruction.
Methods A retrospective review was performed for all patients who underwent oncologic mandible reconstruction with an FFF between 2000 and 2021. Completion of at least one postoperative FACE-Q questionnaire was necessary for inclusion. FACE-Q scores were divided into five time periods for analysis. Functional outcomes measured with speech language pathology (SLP) assessments and tracheostomy and gastrostomy tube status were analyzed at three time points.
Results One hundred and nine patients were included. Of these, 68 patients also had at least one SLP assessment. All outcomes as measured by the various FACE-Q scales did not improve significantly from the immediate postoperative time point to the last evaluated time point (p > 0.05). SLP functional outcomes showed some deterioration over time, but these were not significant (p > 0.05). The percentage of patients who required a tracheostomy (18 to 2%, p = 0.002) or gastrostomy tube (25 to 11%, p = 0.035) decreased significantly from the immediate postoperative time point to the last evaluated time point.
Conclusion Subjective quality of life outcomes do not change significantly with time after oncologic FFF mandible reconstruction. Reconstructive surgeons can use these results to help patients establish appropriate and achievable quality of life goals after surgery. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the impact of specific relevant clinical variables on postoperative quality of life.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in the Neonatal Period
Authors: Akbay Ak Sinem , Soysal Buse , Yangın Ergon Ezgi , Kalkanlı Oguz Han , Ayhan Yuce , Alkan Ozdemir Senem , Calkavur Sebnem , Gokmen Yıldırım Tulin 
Published: January 2024

Objective Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common viral respiratory infection in infants. This study aimed to establish the potential changes in the clinical course of RSV in the neonatal period with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic.
Study Design During the observational study period, newborns diagnosed with community-acquired RSV infection and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were evaluated. RSV-infected neonates before the COVID-19 pandemic were classified as Group 1, those during the strict isolation period as Group 2, and RSV-infected newborns after the removal of restrictions were classified as Group 3.
Results A total of 208 community-acquired RSV-infected neonates were analyzed. The median age at admission to the NICU was 26 days, and the mean gestational week was 37.2 ± 2.7. The ratio of hospitalized babies with RSV infection to all hospitalized newborns rose after the pandemic significantly (1.9, 1.6, and 5.2%; p < 0.001). Following the pandemic, there was an increase in full-term, early-term, and late-preterm cases. Nevertheless, no change was observed in the number of preterm cases (p > 0.05). There was also a statistically significant increase in the need for intubation, noninvasive ventilation (NIV), supplemental oxygen, inhaled bronchodilator drugs, and length of hospital stay in Group 3 after the pandemic (p < 0.001). All these parameters related to more severe RSV infection when the precautions were removed, while there was a milder disease with restrictions during the pandemic in Group 2 (p < 0.001). However, none died due to RSV infection during the study because of timely supportive care.
Conclusion Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the frequency and severity of RSV infection in newborns have increased, and it can result in a serious clinical picture even in full-term babies with no comorbidities. Attention to strict contact precautions, particularly in newborns, who are a more vulnerable population after the pandemic, may play an important role in any future outbreak.
Key Points
Postoperative Magnesium Sulfate Repletion Decreases Narcotic Use in Abdominal-Based Free Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Lu Yi-Hsueh , Jeon Jini , Mahajan Lakshmi , Yan Yufan , Weichman Katie E. , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background Microsurgical breast reconstruction after mastectomy is now the standard of care for breast cancer patients. However, the costs and resources involved in free flap reconstruction can vary across different medical settings. To enhance patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner, we investigated the effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate (IV Mg) on postoperative opioid usage in this context.
Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on all consecutive patients who underwent abdominal-based free flap breast reconstruction in a single institute following an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Patients who received IV Mg were compared with those who did not receive supplementation. Serum magnesium levels at different time points, narcotic consumption in units of oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), and other postoperative recovery parameters were compared.
Results Eighty-two patients were included. Those who received IV Mg on postoperative day 0 (n = 67) showed significantly lower serum magnesium levels before repletion (1.5 vs. 1.7 mg/dL, p = 0.004) and significantly higher levels on postoperative day 1 after repletion (2.2 vs. 1.7 mg/dL, p = 0.0002) compared to patients who received no magnesium repletion (n = 13). While both groups required a similar amount of narcotics on postoperative day 0 (20.2 vs. 13.2 MMEs, p = 0.2), those who received IV Mg needed significantly fewer narcotics for pain control on postoperative day 1 (12.2 MMEs for IV Mg vs. 19.8 MMEs for No Mg, p = 0.03). Recovery parameters, including maximal pain scores, postoperative mobilization, and length of hospital stay, did not significantly differ between the two groups.
Conclusion This is the first study to describe the potential analgesic benefits of routine postoperative magnesium repletion in abdominal-based free flap reconstruction. Further research is necessary to fully understand the role of perioperative magnesium supplementation as part of an ERAS protocol.
3D ultrasound evaluation of fetal ears in prenatal syndrome diagnosis – a comparative study
Authors: Roosen Antonia Maria , Oelmeier Kathrin , Möllers Mareike , Willy Daniela , Sondern Kathleen Marie , Köster Helen Ann , De Santis Chiara , Eveslage Maria , Schmitz Ralf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to assess fetal ears on prenatal 3D ultrasound and compare ear surface patterns and measurements between fetuses with syndromes and healthy fetuses.
Materials and Methods Our study is based on 3D ultrasound images of 100 fetuses between the 20th and 37th week of gestation. We compared 50 ears of fetuses with syndromes (syndrome group) to 50 gestational age-matched ears of healthy fetuses (control group). The syndrome group consisted of fetuses with Trisomy 21 (n=13), Trisomy 18 (n=9) and other syndromes (n=28). The evaluation was based on measuring the ear length and width as well as developing categories to describe and compare different ear surface anomalies.
Results Ears of fetuses with Trisomy 18 were on average 0.423 cm smaller in length (P<0.001) and 0.123 cm smaller in width (P=0.031) and grew on average 0.046 cm less in length per week of gestation (P=0.027) than those of healthy fetuses. Ears of fetuses with Trisomy 21 differed from healthy fetuses regarding the form of the helix (P=0.013) and the ratio of the concha to the auricle (P=0.037). Fetuses with syndromes demonstrated less ear surface details than their controls (syndrome group: P=0.018, P=0.005; other syndromes subgroup: P=0.020). We saw an increased richness of ear surface details at a later gestational age both in the fetuses with syndromes and the healthy fetuses.
Conclusion Ears of fetuses with Trisomy 18 were smaller than their matched controls. Fetuses with syndromes varied in the evaluation of their ear surface from those of healthy fetuses. The ear surface can be analyzed with 3D ultrasound and might be useful as a screening parameter in syndrome diagnosis in the future.
Metal-Free Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Carbinol-Containing Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines via Dehydrative Coupling of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with Trifluoroacetaldehyde
Authors: Guo Xiaohua , Yang Kai , Liu Zhaowen , Chen Zhixi , Wu Longhui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractA facile and efficient method for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated carbinols has been developed from imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and trifluoroacetaldehyde. The direct C(sp2)–H hydroxytrifluoromethylation is successfully implemented at room temperature using HFIP as solvent through dehydrative cross-coupling process, which displays a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. Furthermore, gram-scale and synthetic transformation experiments have also been demonstrated, which indicate its potential applicable values in organic synthesis. This green protocol features operational simplicity, atom economy, mild reaction conditions (e.g., at room temperature, transition-metal- and oxidant-free, without inert gas protection), wide substrate scope, and excellent practicality.
Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients
Authors: Chean Dara , Windsor Camille , Lafarge Antoine , Dupont Thibault , Nakaa Sabrine , Whiting Livia , Joseph Adrien , Lemiale Virginie , Azoulay Elie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to higher survival rates with good quality of life, related to new treatments in the fields of oncology, hematology, and transplantation, the number of immunocompromised patients is increasing. But these patients are at high risk of intensive care unit admission because of numerous complications. Acute respiratory failure due to severe community-acquired pneumonia is one of the leading causes of admission. In this setting, the need for invasive mechanical ventilation is up to 60%, associated with a high hospital mortality rate of around 40 to 50%. A wide range of pathogens according to the reason of immunosuppression is associated with severe pneumonia in those patients: documented bacterial pneumonia represents a third of cases, viral and fungal pneumonia both account for up to 15% of cases. For patients with an undetermined etiology despite comprehensive diagnostic workup, the hospital mortality rate is very high. Thus, a standardized diagnosis strategy should be defined to increase the diagnosis rate and prescribe the appropriate treatment. This review focuses on the benefit-to-risk ratio of invasive or noninvasive strategies, in the era of omics, for the management of critically ill immunocompromised patients with severe pneumonia in terms of diagnosis and oxygenation.
Intra Arterial Infusion of Cyclophosphamide in Oral Carcinoma
Authors: Misra N. C. , Singh R. V. , Sharma R. N. , Jain R. K. 
Published: January 2024

SummaryNinteen cases of advanced oral carcinoma were treated by continuous intraaterial infusion by cyclophosphamide. A newer technique by using Evan's Blue dye for visualizing the arterial supply was used and was found effective as the colour disappeared after a few minutes.The response to the therapy has been evaluated and results are presented. In three patients the disease was brought to the point where surgery could be per-formed resulting in long term freedom from disease.
The CCL-K11 ongoing key comparison. Final report for 2022
Authors: Matus M , Wallerand J-P , Fira R , Zechner G 
Published: January 2024

Main text
Two lasers from two national metrological institutes (NMIs) were compared in the year 2022 as part of the CCL-K11 ongoing key comparison, initiated by the 13th meeting of the Comité Consultative des Longuers (CCL) in 2007. The absolute frequency of R(127) 11-5 (≈633 nm) transitions of molecular iodine was measured for these lasers following the technical protocol for CCL-K11. The results of these measurements are compiled in the present report. The comparison reports, as communicated by each participant, are included in the main document.
This document constitutes the twelfth final report for the ongoing key comparison CCL-K11.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCL, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K5 of the air-kerma standards of the CIEMAT, Spain and the BIPM in 137Cs gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Roger P , Díaz N Cornejo 
Published: January 2024

Main text
A first comparison of the standards for air kerma of the Laboratorio de Metrología de Radiaciones Ionizantes - Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (LMRI-CIEMAT), Spain, and of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 137Cs radiation beam using the radiation protection facility of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Seibersdorf, Austria, in September 2023. The comparison was done using the CIEMAT and the BIPM primary standards and a transfer instrument belonging to the CIEMAT. The direct comparison result, evaluated as a ratio of the CIEMAT and the BIPM standards for air kerma, is 0.9992 with a combined standard uncertainty of 2.2 parts in 103. The result for the indirect comparison is in agreement with the direct result at the level of 2.2 parts in 103. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database, to update the 2014 APMP comparison result.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On the space of compact diamonds of Lorentzian length spaces
Authors: Barrera Waldemar , Montes de Oca Luis , Solis Didier A 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this work we introduce the taxicab and uniform products for Lorentzian pre-length spaces. We further use these concepts to endow the spaceD(R×TX)of causal diamonds with a Lorentzian length space structure, closely relating its causal properties with its geometry as a metric space furnished with its associated Hausdorff distance. Among the general results, we show that this space is geodesic and globally hyperbolic for a complete length space (X, d).
Unsolved problem of long-range interactions: dipolar spin-ice study
Authors: Yonetani Yoshiteru 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Long-range interactions derive various strange phenomena. As illustrated by cutoff simulations of water, increasing cutoff length does not improve the simulation result necessarily; on the contrary, it makes the result worse. In the extreme situation, the structure of water transforms into a layer structure. In this study, to explore the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon, we performed Monte Carlo simulations on dipolar spins arranged on a pyrochlore spin-ice lattice. Like the water case, the present dipolar spin system also showed cutoff-induced dipole ordering and layer formation. The width of the layers depended on the cutoff length; and longer cutoff length led to a broader layer. These features are certainly consistent with the previous water case. This indicates that layer formation is the general behavior of dipolar systems whose interactions are truncated within a finite distance. The result is important for future exploration of the relationship between long-range interactions and resulting structures. In addition, it emphasizes the necessity of rigorous treatment of long-range interactions because increasing the cutoff length prevents convergence and provides an entirely different result from the rigorous Ewald calculation.
Resilient inequality constrained GNSS kinematic precise point positioning considering the terrain topography
Authors: Xu Huaqing , Zhang Zhetao , Wen Yuanlan , Li Yuan , Zeng Ping , Lu Tieding 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn complex environments, signals are inevitably subject to phenomena such as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and obstruction, which result in significant unmodeled errors like colored noise, residual systematic errors, and other special outliers. Consequently, the achievement of high-precise and high-reliable global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP) is not a readily solvable problem in complex environments, especially in varying terrain topography. This paper proposed the resilient inequality constrained GNSS kinematic PPP method considering the terrain topography to improve the abnormal positioning results caused by unmodeled errors. Specifically, the proposed method is composed of the adaptive inequality constraint with dynamic penalty function and the timing-varying inequality considering the terrain topography. Two representative experiments including one set of designed data and three sets of daily measured data were conducted. The results show that the proposed method can improve the positioning results resulting from the unmodeled errors while preserving the trend of the original data. Typically, the proposed method decreases the standard deviations by 2.47, 0.25, and 1.46 cm in the U direction of the three real datasets, respectively. Consequently, the proposed method exhibits prospects in precision and reliability for complex environments.
Simulating the replication and entanglement of semi-rigid polymers in nano-injection moulding
Authors: Jiao Yuanqi , Ma Wenshi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Many polymers have been used to design polymer/metal composite structures with high bond strength through nano-moulding technology. However, whether high-molecular-weight polymers flow deeply into nanostructures and whether polymer entanglement hinders complete infiltration remain contentious issues in theoretical studies. In this study, the effects of the injection pressure, molecular weight of the semi-rigid polymer [polyphenylene sulphide (PPS)], and nanostructure size of the metal surface on the replication quality were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Increasing the injection pressure and polymer molecular weight increased the replication quality at practical temperatures. PPS with various chain lengths could completely infiltrate the nanopores. The nanostructure size of the metal surface was weakly negatively correlated with the filling rate, but it was substantially negatively correlated with the infiltration behaviour of the entire PPS chain. The reasons for infiltration of long-chain PPS and the steady evolution of the entanglement density were investigated. The steady entanglement density of PPS indicates that entanglement is not the main reason for the low filling rate. From the mobility of a single chain, the PPS chain flows into nanopores in a snake-like fashion. These results provide new insights to improve the adhesion strength between polymers and metals in nano-injection moulding.