bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in the basic structure and strength deterioration of clay minerals with different hydration degrees
Authors: Lin Jiyu , Wu Daoyong , Jia Jiwei , Yan Jing , Cai Lingtong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo investigate the influence of clay mineral microstructures on mechanical properties across varying hydration levels, this study employed molecular dynamics simulations to conduct uniaxial tensile strength tests in three orthogonal directions (x, y, z) using illite, montmorillonite and kaolinite. The moisture content was varied from 0% to 10% in 1% increments and from 0% to 50% in 10% increments. The observations highlight the role of water molecules in disrupting the inherent microscopic atomic structure of clay minerals, leading to diminished stability and a decline in tensile strength. As moisture content increased, there was a pronounced increase in the layer spacing of all three clay minerals, indicative of their hydration expansion behaviour. Concurrently, discernible reductions in both the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the clay minerals were observed.
Molecular mechanisms of drought resistance using genome-wide association mapping in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ningning Zhang , Binbin Liu , Fan Ye , Jianzhong Chang , Yuqian Zhou , Yejian Wang , Wenjie Zhang , Xinghua Zhang , Shutu Xu , Jiquan Xue 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Drought is a critical abiotic stress that influences maize yield and reduces grain yield when it occurs at the flowering or filling stage. To dissect the genetic architecture of grain yield under drought stress (DS), a genome-wide association analysis was conducted in a maize population composed of diverse inbred lines from five locations under well-watered and DS conditions at flowering in 2019 and 2020.

Results
Using a fixed and random model circulating probability unification model, a total of 147 loci associated with grain yield or the drought resistance index (DRI) were identified, of which 54 loci were associated with a DRI with an average phenotypic variation explanation of 4.03%. Further, 10 of these loci explained more than 10% of the phenotypic variation. By integrating two public transcriptome datasets, 22 differentially expressed genes were considered as candidate genes, including the cloned gene ZmNAC49, which responds to drought by regulating stomatal density. Enrichment and protein interaction network showed that signaling pathways responded to drought resistance, including jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and abscisic acid-activated. Additionally, several transcription factors involved in DS were identified, including basic leucine zipper (GRMZM2G370026), NAC (GRMZM2G347043), and ethylene-responsive element binding protein (GRMZM2G169654).

Conclusions
In this study, we nominated several genes as candidate genes for drought resistance by intergrating association maping and transcription analysis. These results provide valuable information for understanding the genetic basis of drought tolerance at the mature stage and for designing drought-tolerant maize breeding.
Risk factors for epidural anesthesia blockade failure in cesarean section: a retrospective study
Authors: Chao Wei-Hsiang , Cheng Wen-Shan , Hu Li-Ming , Liao Chia-Chih 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Epidural anesthesia (EA) is the regional anesthesia technique preferred over spinal anesthesia for pregnant women requiring cesarean section and post-operative pain control. EA failure requires additional sedation or conversion to general anesthesia (GA). This may be hazardous during sedation or GA conversion because of potentially difficult airways. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to determine the risk factors for epidural failure during cesarean section anesthesia.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed parturients who underwent cesarean section under EA and catheterization at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan between January 1 and December 31, 2018. Patient data were collected from the medical records. EA failure was defined as the administration of any intravenous anesthetic at any time during a cesarean section, converting it into GA.

Results
A total of 534 parturients who underwent cesarean section were recruited for this study. Of them, 94 (17.6%) experienced EA failure during cesarean section. Compared to the patients with successful EA, those with EA failure were younger (33.0 years vs. 34.7 years), had received EA previously (60.6% vs. 37%), were parous (72.3% vs. 55%), and had a shorter waiting time (14.9 min vs. 16.5 min) (p < 0.05). Younger age (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.86–0.95), history of epidural analgesia (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.38–4.94), and shorter waiting time (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.97) were estimated to be significantly associated with a higher risk of epidural anesthesia failure.

Conclusion
The retrospective study found that parturients of younger age, previous epidural catheterization history, and inadequate waiting time may have a higher risk of EA failure. Previous epidural catheterization increased the risk of EA failure by 2.6-fold compared to patient with no history of catheterization.
Left atrial appendage thrombus in an elderly patient with atrial fibrillation during non-cardiac surgery- a case report-
Authors: Li Yaru , Jiang Luyang , Wang Lu , Yin Xinrui , Han Qiaoyu , Feng Yi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Perioperative newly developed left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus is a rare but extremely challenging event for anesthesia management. It’s important to identify and diagnose thrombosis in high-risk populations promptly.

Case presentation
In the case of an elderly patient with atrial fibrillation undergoing non-cardiac surgery, we recorded the findings before and after thrombosis during the operation using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Through timely detection of the thrombus and proactive management, a satisfactory therapeutic effect was ultimately achieved.

Conclusions
Clinicians should be aware of the potential risk of LAA clot formation during surgery, even if it was not detected preoperatively. And TEE is valuable for monitoring newly developed perioperative thrombosis.
Emotions, action strategies and expectations of health professionals and people with dementia regarding COVID-19 in different care settings in Switzerland: a mixed methods study
Authors: Heinrich Steffen , Weissenfels Inga , Zeller Adelheid 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
More than 55 million people are currently affected by dementia worldwide and over 144 thousand in Switzerland. In Swiss nursing homes, 47.6% of the residents had a medical diagnosis of dementia in 2014. Due to cognitive impairment, they have difficulties remembering hygiene measures or placing them in the epidemic context. This results in a higher infection risk. There are COVID-19-associated recommendations focused on dementia care management but studies simultaneously surveying and correlating perspectives of health professionals as well as people with dementia across care settings are largely lacking. This study is focused on COVID-19-associated perspectives and needs of health professionals and people with dementia across different care settings. Lessons learned from the pandemic shall be pointed out.

Methods
We conducted a mixed-methods approach based on an exploratory sequential design. Two qualitative interview rounds (n = 15 participants) and a quantitative online survey (n = 148 participants) with people with dementia, caring relatives, Advanced Practice Nurses and nursing home managers (health professionals) were performed. Data collected was performed in nursing home and home-care settings. The SQRQ checklist was used.

Results
Fear and uncertainty were highest at the beginning of the pandemic among the interviewed nursing professionals and nursing home managers. As a positive side effect of the pandemic, increased cohesion in care teams was reported. Some people with dementia experienced the decelerated outside world as pleasant and less challenging to master. Particularly during the first wave, nursing home managers rated political decision-making processes as being too slow, partly non-transparent, inconsistent, and sometimes inappropriate for people with dementia.

Conclusions
Although the identified emotional and physical consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are mostly negative for health professionals and people with dementia, research should also investigate potential positive side effects. Furthermore, political decisions should be passed on to care institutions as promptly, transparently, and comprehensibly as possible. The results provide guidance on dementia-focused COVID-19 management interventions incorporating lessons learned and considering the emotional impact of the pandemic in Switzerland and beyond.
Decreased intracellular water is associated with sarcopenic obesity in chronic haemodialysis patients
Authors: Tian Maolu , Yuan Jing , Yu Fangfang , He Pinghong , Zhang Qian , Zha Yan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective
To explore the association between intracellular water (ICW) and sarcopenic obesity in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis (HD).

Methods
A multicentre, cross-sectional study of 3354 adult chronic HD patients was conducted in 20 haemodialysis centres from June 1, 2021, to August 30, 2021. The diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity was made according to the revised Asian Working Group’s definition of sarcopenia combined with obesity per the body fat percentage definition. Body composition was evaluated by a body composition monitor using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Multiple logistic regression models, stratified analyses, interactive analyses, and receiver-operating characteristic analyses were conducted.

Results
A total of 752 patients were diagnosed with sarcopenic obesity among 3354 participants. The patients were grouped by sex-specific ICW median levels, and the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was significantly higher in the low ICW group than in the high ICW group (41.3%vs 3.0%). Decreased ICW was significantly associated with sarcopenic obesity. The association remained statistically significant even after adjusting for dialysis vintage, age, body mass index, biochemical indicators, and various medical histories. The odds ratios of the low ICW group were much higher than those of the high ICW group in both males and females (P for trend < 0.001). The association was stable across subgroups, and the interaction analysis showed that age, body mass index and history of diabetes had interactive roles in the association between ICW and sarcopenic obesity (P for interaction < 0.05). Furthermore, the ICW cut-off values for identifying sarcopenic obesity were 19.1 kg and 14.5 kg for males and females, respectively.

Conclusion
Decreased ICW was an independent risk factor for sarcopenic obesity in chronic HD patients. The measurement of ICW by bioimpedance spectroscopy might be a non-invasive and valid means for identifying the risk of future sarcopenic obesity in HD patients.
Prime time for chronic kidney disease
Authors: Weisman David S. , Thavarajah Sumeska , Jaar Bernard G. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a public health burden worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Most patients with CKD are managed by primary care practitioners and this educational series hope to improve knowledge and delivery of care to this high-risk patient population with CKD.
Factors affecting the provision of high-quality postnatal care services in Zanzibar: a qualitative study
Authors: Öjendal Anna , Holter Herborg , Elden Helen , Salim Sanura , Bogren Malin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
In Sub-Saharan Africa, the postnatal period is associated with high mortality and accounts for a substantial proportion of maternal deaths. Although postnatal care has been identified as critical in reducing maternal mortality, the quality of care provided is often inadequate. Tanzania and Zanzibar have not made sufficient progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals on maternal health, and there is limited knowledge about the utilization and quality of postnatal follow-up. The aim of this study was therefore to explore factors affecting the provision of high-quality postnatal care services in the urban area of Zanzibar.

Methods
Five focus group discussions were performed in Swahili with 25 healthcare providers from primary healthcare units in urban Zanzibar. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and analysed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach.

Results
Factors affecting provision of high-quality postpartum care services could be divided into three generic categories. Difficulty achieving high attendance comprised three subcategories: long waiting times, low awareness among women, and out-of-pocket payment. Lack of basic resources also comprised three subcategories: shortage of healthcare providers, lack of adequate space, and inadequate medical equipment. Insufficient care routines comprised two subcategories: lack of guidelines and deficient chain of information.

Conclusions
The present findings suggest that the women’s perceptions of postnatal care do not align with the intended purpose of routine postnatal care. Instead, the postnatal period primarily leads to visits to health facilities only when urgent care is required, and there is a lack of awareness about the importance of postnatal care. Moreover, limited resources, including equipment, staff, and space, as well as long waiting times, hinder the delivery of high-quality care and contribute to a negative reputation of postnatal care services. To effectively reach all women and improve postnatal care, it is necessary to increase basic resources, modify health education approaches, and enhance the flow of information between different levels of care using context-specific strategies.
The influence of iris -ciliary angle (ICA) on the vault after implantation of V4c implantable collamer lens: a chain mediation model of ICL haptic related factors
Authors: Tan Weina , Wang Zheng , Zeng Qingyan , Lei Xiaohua , Pan Chao , Shu Bao , Jin Lina , Chen Qian 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to identify the relationship between iris -ciliary angle (ICA) and the vault. Additionally, we also seek to investigate the chain mediating effects of the ICL haptic related factors on this relationship.

Methods
The participants were categorized into three groups according to the ICA value as follows: low ICA group (< 35°); moderate ICA group (35°-70°); high ICA group (> 70°). We compared the preoperative ocular characteristics and postoperative examinations among the three groups. Multiple variable stepwise regression was performed to establish the vault prediction formula. The Process V4.0 in SPSS and Hayes’s PROCESS model 6 was conducted to further elucidate the mediating effects of the final tip point of ICL haptic and the ICL arc-lens arc on the relationship between the ICA and vault.

Results
There was a significant difference in the positions of the ICL haptic among three ICA groups. The regression vault equation was Vault = 679.42–7.26*TCA + 192.30*ACD-196.37*CLR + 73.21* STS(horizontal).A significant negative correlation was found between the ICA and vault (P < 0.01).The chain mediation model revealed that the final tip point of ICL haptic and the ICL arc-Lens arc were sequential mediators between ICA and vault (effect = -1.63, 95% CI = -2.72–-0.73).

Conclusion
The ICA was associated with vault via the mediation effect of the final tip point of the ICL haptic and the ICL arc -lens arc. Assessment of ICL haptic related parameters adds significant information to interpret the vault after surgery.
Clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment of Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Han Xue , Lu Shuanglong , Gu Changjuan , Bian Zhuli , Xie Xiaotian , Qiao Xiaohong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disease which results in inherited bone marrow failure (IBMF) and is characterized by exocrine pancreatic dysfunction and diverse clinical phenotypes. In the present study, we reviewed the internationally published reports on SDS patients, in order to summarize the clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment of SDS.

Methods
We searched the WangFang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases with the keywords “Shwachman-Diamond syndrome,” “SDS,” “SBDS gene” and “inherited bone marrow failure” for relevant articles published from January 2002 to October 2022. In addition, studies published from January 2002 to October 2022 were searched from the Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE databases, using “Shwachman-diamond syndrome” as the keyword. Finally, one child with SDS treated in Tongji Hospital was also included.

Results
The clinical features of 156 patients with SDS were summarized. The three major clinical features of SDS were found to be peripheral blood cytopenia (96.8%), exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (83.3%), and failure to thrive (83.3%). The detection rate of SDS mutations was 94.6% (125/132). Mutations in SBDS, DNAJC21, SRP54, ELF6, and ELF1 have been reported. The male-to-female ratio was approximately 1.3/1. The median age of onset was 0.16 years, but the diagnostic age lagged by a median age of 1.3 years.

Conclusions
Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and growth failure were common initial symptoms. SDS onset occurred early in childhood, and individual differences were obvious. Comprehensive collection and analysis of case-related data can help clinicians understand the clinical characteristics of SDS, which may improve early diagnosis and promote effective clinical intervention.
The impact of household wealth gap on individual’s mental health
Authors: Zhang Rui , Feng Dawei , Xia Jiahui , Wang Yao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundImproving the individual’s mental health is important for sustainable economic and social development. Although some studies found that household wealth gap may affect individuals’ mental health, few studies have clarified the causal relationship between household wealth gap between mental health in China. This study examines the impact of the household wealth gap on individuals’ mental health using data from the 2012–2018 China Family Panel Survey.MethodsThis study first used the two-way fixed effects model to investigate the impact of household wealth gap on individuals’ mental health. Considering the endogeneity, the two-stage least square and propensity score matching were employed to examine the impact of household wealth inequality on individuals’ mental health.ResultsThe results show that the household wealth gap has negative impact on individuals’ mental health. A series of robustness tests support this conclusion. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the impact of household wealth gap on mental health is more pronounced among middle-aged and elderly individuals, residents with lower education levels, and rural residents. The results of the mechanism analysis suggest that the household wealth gap may affect individuals’ mental health by influencing the individual’s health insurance investment and neighborhood relations. In addition, the household wealth gap not only significantly negatively affects individuals’ mental health in the short term but also in the medium- to long-term.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the government should take various measures to narrow the wealth inequality between families, which may effectively improve the mental health of residents.
An innovative method for occluding the urethral meatus and accessing urethra strictures in retrograde urethrography in males
Authors: Li Wei , Man Libo , Huang Guanglin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To observe and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of using a sponge plug method to occlude the urethral meatus during retrograde urethrography (RUG) for accessing male urethral strictures.

Methods
40 male patients with a mean age of 51.4 years and a history of urethral injury were primarily diagnosed with urethral stricture using a urethrocystoscope. RUG was performed using a ureteral catheter with a sponge plug inserted into the external meatus. Iodixanol, a contrast medium, was injected into the urethra or bladder for performing RUG and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). The patients were positioned obliquely to obtain urethrograms.

Results
All X-ray radiologic procedures for performing urethrography were successful without any overflow of contrast liquid observed. In all cases, the sponge plugs became visible in the resulting images. The external meatuses were directly visualized in all cases on the obtained images, allowing identification of the number, location, and length of strictures as well as coexistent pathologies such as fistulas. In one case, the plug slipped off the meatus immediately after completing the procedure. The pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was 0 to 2, mean 0.35. No instances of complication or adverse reactions was observed.

Conclusions
The sponge plug effectively occludes the external urethral meatus for retrograde urethrography, enabling visualization of the actual caliber of the entire urethra, including the strictures and external meatus, by filling it with contrast liquid. This technique is safe and well-tolerated by patients.