bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authenticity and Elevation: Sterling Brown’s Theory of the Blues
Authors: Thomas Lorenzo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Every poet must confront a serious problem: how to reconcile one’s private preoccupations with the need to make poetry that is both accessible and useful to others. A failure in this area does not, of course, prevent the production of poems. Indeed, some poems—like many of T. S. Eliot’s—may be records of this struggle, while others have the disturbingly eloquent beauty of Church testifying or 12-step program witness. One manner of reconciliation is an embrace of what may be called tradition, but even this is problematic.
Sterling Brown’s Southern Strategy:Poetry as Cultural Evolution in Southern Road
Authors: Anderson David R 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
With the publication of Southern Road in 1932, Sterling Brown portrayed, and sought to address, what he perceived to be a profound cultural crisis facing African Americans: the gradual disappearance of their rural cultures as they entered the urban, industrialized economies of the North and South, and their consequent loss of autonomous art. Brown especially feared the loss of folk- lore, which he believed helped African American culture renew itself, not only by preserving and strengthening traditions and social practices, but also by serving as a conduit through which individuals devised and communicated new strategies for surviving racial oppression. Once African Americans moved to urban areas, Brown believed that they would no longer produce songs and stories reflecting their communities’ needs and interests and, accordingly, would no longer devise and communicate new strategies for survival. Instead, he feared they would passively consume a bigoted popular culture, or worse yet, be co-opted into producing art that pandered to the economic demands and stereotypes of the dominant culture.
An Annotated Bibliography of the Works of Sterling A. Brown
Authors: O’Meally Robert G 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sterling A. Brown is a distinguished writer whose poems, short stories, reviews, and scholarly works have appeared for nearly more than fifty years. His poetry reflects the innovative impulse of contemporary verse as well as the toughness, humor, and protest of black American folklore. His reportorial narratives and sketches of the Southern scene are alive with black talk, and they convey vividly the terror and the irony of “living Jim Crow” during the 1940s. Brown has studied the role of blacks in American folklore, literature, and music since the New Negro Renaissance period. His work also has provided perspective to New New Negroes, including Black Aesthetic writers of the 1960s and 1970s.
Late Summer Harvest
Authors: Velde Lea Vander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Another couple asked the agent to marry them in late July. The bride was the eldest daughter of a man named Perry, whose family members were early refugees from the failed utopian community founded by Lord Selkirk on the Red River in Canada, to the north and west. Ten years earlier, when the first refugees had arrived from the Red River, dragging their possessions across the plains, the fort commandant had taken pity on them and allowed them to build cabins and remain, even though the environs were supposed to be a military reserve. Over the intervening decade, a cluster of cabins had been built near the Coldwater Spring, a few miles from the fort. Old man Perry, Abraham Perry, who maintained a large herd of cattle, was regarded as a patriarchal figure in the settlement.
Battles and Baptisms
Authors: Velde Lea Vander 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Even as the Ojibwa prepared to depart, more Indians arrived. The numbers of Sioux at the agency doubled as western bands came in expectation of their annuities. In total, more than 2,000 Indians, 846 Ojibwa, and 1,250 Sioux now camped on the plateau. Those chiefs who brought along their horses raced them back and forth through the tent city to demonstrate their prowess. Chief Strong Ground was thrown from his horse and bled considerably, requiring Dr. Emerson to bind his wounds.
The Peer Scene
Authors: Nathan Amy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Making great new friends is one of the best parts of playing an instrument. But, as with any activity, you’re bound to run into a few kids who get on your nerves. Our teen advisors have met their share of pesky players, such as the know-it-alls who boast about their so-called skills while dumping on other people’s playing. Also annoying are chatterboxes who talk through rehearsals, blasters who play too loud, stand hogs who set up a shared stand so only they can see the music, and jabbers who poke you with their bows (or flutes or trombone slides). Here’s how our experts survive. “Mostly, I ignore critical kids. They stop when they see you don’t react,” advises Allison, a horn player. Matthew, a double bass player, agrees, “Ignore them. Think about your part.” Pros use the same tactics. “When I was a kid, other kids tried to bother me and sometimes really got me down,” remembers cellist Sara Sant’Ambrogio. “I just tried to focus on the music. I also kept a little bit off to myself so I wouldn’t get sucked into any of that.” Pro hornist Daniel Katzen advises, “Learn to cut away from those that detract from you and make friends with people who treat you well.” “I try not to let it bother me. It’s a shame
Gear Up
Authors: Nathan Amy 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Even the best musician can be undone by poor equipment. Our advisors tell how to hunt down a super instrument, what to do if it starts giving you aches and pains, how to make the most of high-tech electronic gear that can help musicians, plus how to make pesky music books stay open to the right page. “A good way to find an instrument is to get advice first from music teachers or from older, more experienced players,” advises Rachel, a violinist. That’s a wise move whether you rent, buy, or borrow an instrument. Learning to play is tricky enough without struggling with troublesome gear. All those shiny instruments in a store seem wonderful, but some may be duds. A teacher or other expert can help point you toward brands, models, and sizes that will work best for you. Many of our teen advisors have a teacher try an instrument before deciding on it—a good plan to follow whenever possible. Teacher advice can also help with extras, such as a music stand, or that all-important time machine, a metronome.
Oaths, Honor, and the Sacred Foundations of Authority
Authors: Walton Charles 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
On the morning of October 21, 1790, the comte de Mirabeau thundered at the podium in the National Assembly. Debate concerned a measure that would require the French Navy to raise the revolutionary tricolor flag instead of the traditional white one. In arguing for the revolutionary ensign, Mirabeau excoriated the opposition in terms that amounted to an accusation of treason.
An Introduction: What is Collaboration Anyway?
Authors: Katz Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
During my high school and college years, and indeed until very recently, I called myself an accompanist and never thought a thing about it. To me, it described everything I do. Nowadays, however, the word “accompanist” has been almost universally replaced. The old title seems to strike many as pejorative, demeaning, or indicative of a lack of self-esteem; as a result, a different word for this specialized art has come into common usage today: collaborative pianist. I still do what I always did, but now, instead of misspelling accompanist (accompianist or acompianist), people can trip over “collaborative” (how many l’s and how many b’s are there anyway?). The Latin roots of this word are patently obvious; “with” and “work” are found in equal measure here, and indeed, as collaborators, we work with others. As the reader will come to see, we are speaking of the largest meanings of both these root words.
Role Play: The Four Angles of Arts Learning
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How did you organize your answer to that delicious question? Did you start thinking about the genres of music you would like a young person to know about and enjoy? Perhaps you thought about a series of instruments you would like every kid to learn to play. Maybe you even thought about taking that child to live performances of many kinds of music. Whatever your answer, it was based on your experience of coming into music—including what worked for you and compensating for what was missing.
How to Succeed in School Environments
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Got a gig in a school? Suspend your expectations of the norms. Both the goods we deliver and the realities of school environments dictate that we think and function differently there. You may find after-school situations different than school-day norms—many teaching artists prefer the extra time, relief from curricular demands, and self-selection of participating students in after-school programs, finding it easier to manage and succeed within such programs. Since there is so much variety in after-school programs, we will focus on the usually more challenging in-school setting to establish realistic expectations. These suggestions apply to all school settings but may be less crucial in after-school workshops. If you can succeed in the school-day realities, you are definitely going to succeed in afterschool hours.
Getting Schooled on School Performances
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Agreed: the fi eld of teaching artists is disorganized, making it hard to learn how to create effective, original education/youth/family concerts—let’s refer to them as e/y/f concerts. To reap the benefits of being a skilled e/y/f presenter, take an honest look at your offerings. Even ensembles that feel adept at the e/y/f game always have the challenge of getting better. And did I say benefits? Yes, both tangible (more bookings, financial viability, responsive audiences) and intangible (building future audiences, exploring deeper ways to share your artistry, enriching your understanding of the purposes and pleasures of music).
The Dos and Don’ts of Assessment
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As we did in chapter 15 to tease out embedded preconceptions about education programs, I invited a roomful of musicians to play a freeassociation game with me. I would say one word, and they would respond with the first words that came to mind. We warmed up with my saying, “Recess.” They hollered out responses like “Playground,” “Dodgeball,” “Cliques,” “Fights,” “Escape,” “Outdoors,” “Running,” “Friends,” and even “Alcove in a wall.” There’s one in every group.
The Essential Educational Entrepreneur
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Earlier (see chapter 9), I mentioned the first-time conference of leaders of major American conservatories and arts service organizations (Chamber Music America, League of American Orchestras, Theatre Communications Group, and others) in 2002. I facilitated and helped design the conference, which was titled “Preparing 21st Century Artists.” I can tell you that with a topic that complex, the participants didn’t reach quick consensus or hammer out a tidy three-point plan. Rather, they grappled with the messy realities of today’s arts environment, considered many trends demanding change, and began to distill priorities for the future.
They Take the High Road
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
How is this possible?” I asked myself. Nine high school students from a rural Scottish town—average kids learning about music, not hardcore music geeks—were having their compositions performed by a quartet from the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra, live on national BBC radio. The students had worked with composer-educator Alasdair Nicolson and four instrumentalists (flute, violin, viola, bass) for just three days. The short pieces, including one called “Ode to Procrastination,” were all better than the best student compositions I have heard in ambitious school compositions programs in the United States. The professional performers took the kids’ pieces seriously; twice they asked to play a work again because they felt they hadn’t done it justice. And this was just the first hour of the “Music and the New Musicians” conference in Glasgow, Scotland, in November 2006—three days that, to my mind, firmly planted Scotland as a world leader in connecting professional musicians and learners; three days that expanded my sense of the possible.
The Planet Gets It Together for the First Time
Authors: Booth Eric 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The many separate worlds of arts education began to grow into one community during four days in Lisbon in March 2006. Twelve hundred arts education leaders from ninety-seven countries were invited to Portugal to attend the first-ever worldwide arts education conference, sponsored by the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The United States had about forty people in attendance. Because the sole representative from the African country of Niger could get no funding support from his government, he sold his car to attend and to learn what the world knew about the present and future of arts education.
Simultaneous Capacity and Mental Bandwidth
Authors: Klingberg Torkel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Multi-tasking has long been a well-known strategy adopted by the overperforming and the impatient for getting more things done more quickly. Some simultaneous tasks, such as shaving while having breakfast, are difficult for motor reasons. Others, such as reading a map while driving, can be difficult because we can take in information from only one source and direct our gaze to only one thing at a time. Yet others are difficult to do simultaneously because they require the similar processing of information somewhere between input and output, between stimulus and response. In many cases, both tasks put demands on working memory. According to Michael Posner, the results of numerous studies in this field can be reduced, rather simplistically, to the graph in Figure 6.1. According to this model, performance will always lie somewhere along this curve.
Wallace’s Paradox
Authors: Klingberg Torkel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In 1858, Charles Darwin received a letter from a young explorer named Alfred R. Wallace. In it, Wallace described an idea about the origin of species that he had developed completely independently of Darwin while he lay in a malarial fever on a small island in the Malaysian archipelago. Darwin was shocked at the similarity with his own as yet unpublished theories, and the letter made him hasten the publication of his own manuscript, which came out the following year. Wallace and Darwin were to exchange their thoughts on evolution for several years. In many respects, their opinions were the same, but they also disagreed on certain points of theory; most notably, Wallace could never accept any principle other than adaptivity—which is to say that evolution is driven by the optimal adaptation of species to their surroundings for their survival.
Neurocognitive Enhancement
Authors: Klingberg Torkel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
So the Flynn effect reflects how general intelligence is progressively increasing with time. Will this trend continue, with the growing demands of our environment matched by our equally expanding capacity? Will scientists be able to use our knowledge of the brain to boost its capacity further? In the introduction to this book, I cited an article by some neuroscientists who claimed that “humanity’s ability to alter its own brain function might well shape history as powerfully as the development of metallurgy in the Iron Age.” The authors aimed to identify a trend of neurocognitive enhancement and to provoke discussion on a number of related issues. Neurocognitive enhancement denotes the use of existing and potential techniques, such as braincomputer interaction, neurosurgery, and psychopharmacology, to exploit the brain’s capacity for change.
The Information Flood and Flow
Authors: Klingberg Torkel 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When you are trying to listen to the newscaster on CNN while reading the news ticker showing share prices at the bottom of the screen, your subjective feeling may well be that you are teetering on the threshold of your ability to digest information. Your brain is being inundated. If we analyze the situation through the lens of the concept of working memory, we find that your feelings are matched by something quantifiable: the simultaneous inflow of two streams of information is extremely demanding on working memory. Certain parts of your frontal and parietal lobes are imposing a limit on how much information you can assimilate. When you try to read a complicated article on the Internet while ignoring the advertisements playing out at the edge of your visual field, you are confronted with a distraction task that places a heavy load on your working memory. When you use the help function in Word, you will likely have to read each instruction several times to assimilate all the information with which your working memory is being overburdened.
Reed Construction
Authors: Schuring Martin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reed making preoccupies oboe players more than players of any other reed instrument. The complex construction and short life of oboe reeds combine to mandate daily attention to the craft of reed making. The steep learning curve for reed making frustrates oboists of all levels. The following thoughts and comments should help to reduce confusion and open some new doors. If you have never made a reed, find a teacher. Otherwise, continue reading. Before we begin, it is most important to understand that reed making is a craft governed by fairly consistent principles. It is not a black art; it is not swayed by astrological forecasts; it does not require even the smaller, less severe ritual sacrifices to the reed gods. It is a complex craft, and like anything else that you might wish to master, it will require years of careful work and study. But it will eventually become a consistent, logical activity that functions almost completely under your control.
On The Translation
Authors: Shapiro Alan , Burian Peter 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Down three games to zero in the 2004 American League Championship best-of-seven series, the Boston Red Sox beat the New York Yankees four straight times to win the Pennant. The Red Sox became the first team in any sport to win a series after losing the first three games. When asked how they overcame that deficit, Terry Francona, the Boston manager, said they tried to narrow their focus from winning the series, or even winning each game, to winning each inning, each at bat, each pitch. By breaking down the series into games, the games into innings, and the innings into at bats and pitches, the BoSox established small, achievable goals. As a result, he said, they were never overwhelmed by the enormity of the challenge they faced.
Francona’s strategy aptly describes how I went about translating The Trojan Women. First of all, I had to forget who it was I was translating. I had to forget that Euripides is one of the greatest poet/playwrights who ever lived, and that of all the surviving tragedies, The Trojan Women is perhaps the purest, and most heart-wrenching expression of the tragic spirit—undeserved and unredemptive suffering.
. . . And from Time to Time Its Surface Moves Around
Authors: Officer Charles , Page Jake 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Well water grew turbid and hibernating snakes took up their warm weather rounds. Groundwater levels rose and fell. Radon levels changed radically and sensors showed that the ground was tilting. Domestic animals behaved strangely. A report notes that “pigs bit each other and tried to run up walls, cows fought each other and pawed the ground, deer ran away, turtles were seen to jump out of the water and to make noise, and a hen was seen to fly to a tree top.”
This took place in Liaoning Province in northeastern China in early February 1975. Earlier, in January, the Earthquake Research Branch of the provincial government had predicted that a major earthquake would occur in the region that month or the following month. A massive quake had occurred in nearby Bo Hai in 1969, and Liaoning Province had been laced with monitoring devices in the intervening years.
By late January, the signs were growing more intense. Some wells stopped flowing altogether; others spouted water. The electrical conductivity of the ground itself changed. All of these signs were considered earthquake “precursor anomalies.” The most important of them all was a swarm of small tremors, or foreshocks, that were first sensed on February 1, and continued with increasing frequency and magnitude over the next three days, reaching a peak on February 4.
The Jewish Question and Political Liberalism
Authors: Rowland Lewis P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
George Humphreys, a surgeon at Columbia, stated that both Putnam and his wife were political liberals, which was one cause of Charles Cooper’s enmity. Putnam himself attributed the animosity to his refusal to fire the Jewish neurologists on his staff. The political and religious issues overlap, and there is little documentation in the records of either Columbia University medical school or the Presbyterian Hospital. The Nazi-Soviet Peace Pact was signed on August 23, 1939. The alliance of these archenemies confused supporters on both sides. On September 1, the Germans invaded Poland. American reaction to these events was mixed; the opposing views were not “right” and “left” but rather “pro-” and “anti-interventionalist.” The “antis” were sometimes called “isolationists.” The differences were based on either a person’s views about helping Britain and France, targets of the pact, or the possibility that World War II might commence.2 People of diverse political persuasions found themselves on the same side with political enemies.
Putnam Establishes Basic and Translational Neuroscience at Columbia
Authors: Rowland Lewis P 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Before Putnam arrived in 1939, there had been some neuroscience research at Columbia but not much. However, Putnam’s faculty appointments, conversely, led in a direct line from Harry Grundfest to Nobelists Eric Kandel and Richard Axel, from Fred Mettler to Malcolm Carpenter in neuroanatomy, from Putnam’s own work on multiple sclerosis to Elvin Kabat and, later, to patient-oriented research in the Department of Neurology for a panoply of human disorders: epilepsy, neuromuscular disease, Mendelian and mitochondrial genetic diseases, epidemiological studies of dementia and cerebrovascular disease, and child neurology. For a while, however, all neuroscience in the entire university was in Putnam’s Department of Neurology. Before Putnam, Tilney and Riley had produced The Brain from Ape to Man and a widely used anatomical atlas of the human brain and spinal cord,1a but the Department of Neurology had not carried out much disease-oriented research, in stark contrast to the epilepsy progress seen at the Boston City Hospital.