bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BHSeP42 Abdominal wall disasters following cosmetic surgery overseas
Authors: Barcelona Melden Darrell , Almoshantaf Mohammad Badr , Das Shruti , Bananis Kyriakos , Drymousis Panagiotis , Abdalla Sala 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Health tourism for cosmetic surgeries such as abdominoplasty and liposuction are increasing at alarming frequency. The complications from such surgeries can be catastrophic. We present two cases of abdominoplasties performed overseas that resulted in life-changing post-operative complications that were managed in the UK.

Methods
Patient A: 48-year-old female developed infected axillary wounds, abdominal wound dehiscence, purulent vaginal discharge, and neo-umbilical necrosis following bilateral arm lift and abdominoplasty with concomitant trans-abdominal repair of vaginal prolapse.
Patient B: 41-year-old female developed surgical site infections with rare microorganisms following abdominoplasty which required multiple investigations and surgeries to manage her infections.

Results
Patient A: underwent abdominal wall exploration with drainage of collections, resection of necrotic neo-umbilicus and axillary wounds debridement. Primary wound closure with drains and PICO dressing was done. Analysis of wound swab revealed E. coli.
Patient B: underwent multiple procedures including debridement & drainage of abscesses with application of VAC dressing. Analysis of wound swab revealed Mycobacterium abscessus.

Conclusion
Cosmetic procedures overseas without appropriate safeguards or patient pre-optimization can result in life threatening complications and extensive deformities. Patients are sometimes not issued with appropriate follow-up care which can adversely affect their outcomes. Furthermore, the management of such complex cases is a drain on NHS resources.

Key statement
Health tourism poses grave risks. Surgery performed overseas without proper perioperative care can be harmful for patients and adds burden to our overstretched NHS.
BHSeP44 Extraperitoneal approach to Abdominal Wall Reconstruction (AWR): the ‘closed’ posterior component separation
Authors: Rajaretnam Niroshini , Kalaiselvan Ramya , Samad Ajai , Benson Alex , Scott Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The foundation of AWR is posterior component separation by Rives-Stoppa (RS) retro-rectus sublay mesh repair, and transversus abdominis release (TAR). Traditional teaching dictates an initial laparotomy with full adhesiolysis to enable fascial closure and an intraperitoneal approach to component separation.
We describe a novel extraperitoneal AWR approach, performing posterior component separation and sublay mesh repair with the peritoneum remaining closed. This maintains an intact visceral sac for faster dissection, reduced bowel handling, and facilitates take-down of the hernial orifice. We present our 3-year follow-up series of extraperitoneal ‘closed’ AWR.

Method
Retrospective case-note analysis of consecutive patients (n = 231) undergoing AWR 2018-2021 by a single plastic and general surgeon consultant team, with 3-year follow-up period.

Results
Extraperitoneal component separation was performed in all 231 patients as either RS (n = 186, 80.5%) or TAR (n = 45, 19.5%). Radical skin excision provided surgical access in 225 patients (97.4%), mean excision weight 1297 g (85–18000 g), mean BMI 30.9 (16.9–55.4). Direct fascial closure achieved in 97% (bridged repair n = 7, 3%). Hernia recurrence 1.7% (n = 4) at 3 years. Intraperitoneal procedures (bowel resection/anastomosis) performed in 2 patients (1.5%). Postoperative ileus 0%. Mean inpatient stay 4.6 days (SD 2.5). Post-operative complications; surgical site occurrence (SSO) (n = 26, 11.3%); respiratory (n = 21, 9.1%): VTE (n = 4, 1.7%): seroma (n = 16, 6.9%). Subsequent small bowel obstruction/laparotomy (n = 1, 0.4%).

Conclusion
The extraperitoneal approach to AWR is a safe, effective and reproducible technique, minimising postoperative ileus and bowel injury risk, promotes shorter duration of surgery and early postoperative discharge. This provides excellent outcomes and low hernia recurrence rate.
Patriotism and Resistance through Translation: Aeschylus’s Persae and Ancient Greek Past in Wartime China
Authors: Yue Mengzhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article analyses the first Chinese translation of Aeschylus’s Persae by Luo Niansheng, initially published in 1936, a pivotal year in China’s modern history. The politically charged 1930s propelled Luo to frame the play primarily as a patriotic text, intended to inspire his Chinese readers during the ongoing war of resistance against Japan. His translations of Greek tragedy and adaptations of Greek history bridged the ancient Greek past with modern Chinese sociopolitical realities, reflecting his belief in the ‘shared’ experiences between ancient Greece and modern China. Through scholars like Hu Shi, Luo participated in a national translation scheme that used Greek history and culture to foster Chinese enlightenment, with institutional support and the rise of public media facilitating the dissemination of his translation. The article also explores Said’s concept of Orientalism, questioning whether Luo’s translation mirrors Orientalist perspectives or offers a distinctly Chinese viewpoint. It argues that Luo’s use of neologisms and his adaptation of key terms within the Chinese cultural framework highlight the complex interplay between his translation strategies and their impact on Chinese readers.
Hybrid Space revisited: from concept toward theory
Authors: de Souza e Silva Adriana , Campbell Scott W , Ling Rich 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hybrid Spaces emerge from the blending of physical and digital spaces produced by the mobility of people communicating via mobile technologies. This articulation of Hybrid Space has influenced scholars of communication, media, mobilities, and other fields, as evidenced by our analysis of literature. Over the last two decades, however, Hybrid Spaces have morphed and adapted to our changing sociotechnical landscape. This article updates the concept, identifying developments with its key dimensions of mobility, connectivity, and sociability, while analyzing how it has been taken up in literature. Our analysis indicates Hybrid Space has, thus far, exclusively been taken up for inductive scholarship. We propose an updated conceptual model of Hybrid Space that can inform ways in which the concept can help with both inductive and deductive theorizing, expanding its scope in promising new directions.
Marrying heiresses in the reign of Philippe Auguste: aristocratic marital strategy in the counties of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre
Authors: Crouch Charlotte H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The twelfth and thirteenth centuries saw a number of aristocratic women inheriting important lands in France. Their marriages carried the highest political importance. King Philippe Auguste (1180–1223) is often credited as the first king to use these heiresses and their marriages to control the aristocracy and extend the Capetian realm, with the families exercising no agency. This article questions the extent of this control by focusing on one family, the comital family of Nevers, who experienced almost a century of female inheritance. Charters and letters show each member of the comital family reacting to local circumstances through its marital strategies. At a tumultuous time in the family’s history, it was able to manipulate the secular and ecclesiastical rules concerning marriage to navigate an intra-familial inheritance dispute. The family’s marital strategy reveals multiple layers of control: marriage played an essential role in the comital family’s strategies, with important roles for all members.
The Current and Future Burden of Long COVID in the United States (U.S.)
Authors: Bartsch Sarah M , Chin Kevin L , Strych Ulrich , John Danielle C , Shah Tej D , Bottazzi Maria Elena , O’Shea Kelly J , Robertson McKaylee , Weatherwax Colleen , Heneghan Jessie , Martinez Marie F , Ciciriello Allan , Kulkarni Sarah , Velmurugan Kavya , Dibbs Alexis , Scannell Sheryl A , Shen Yanhan , Nash Denis , Hotez Peter J , Lee Bruce Y 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Long COVID, which affects an estimated 44.69-48.04 million people in the U.S., is an ongoing public health concern that will continue to grow as SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread.

Methods
We developed a computational simulation model representing the clinical course, the health effects, and the associated costs of a person with Long COVID.

Results
Simulations show that the average total cost of a Long COVID case can range from $5,084-$11,646 (assuming symptoms only last 1 year) with 92.5%-95.2% of these costs being productivity losses. Therefore, the current number of Long COVID cases could end up costing society at least $2.01-$6.56 billion, employers at least $1.99-$6.49 billion in productivity losses, and third-party payers $21-68.5 million annually (6%-20% probability of developing Long COVID). These cases would accrue 35,808-121,259 QALYs lost and 13,484-45,468 DALYs. Moreover, each year, there may be an additional $698.5 million in total costs, 14,685 QALYs lost, and 5,628 DALYs, if the incidence of COVID is 100 per 10,000 persons (similar to that seen in 2023). Every 10-point increase in COVID incidence results in an additional $365 million in total costs, 5,070 QALYs lost, and 1,900 DALYs each year.

Conclusion
The current health and economic burden of Long COVID may already exceed that of a number of other chronic disease and will continue to grow each year as there are more and more COVID-19 cases. This could be a significant drain on businesses, third party payers, the healthcare system, and all of society.
The Aesthetic Value of Diverse Beliefs
Authors: Atkinson Chris 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article has two aims. The first is to open up a line of inquiry into whether epistemic and aesthetic values interact, at the most general level. Does an overall increase in epistemic or aesthetic value in the world have an effect on the alternative value? The second, and more specific, aim is to argue that yes, it does. In particular, I argue that an increase in epistemic value would result in a decrease in aesthetic value, across two important dimensions. First, I argue that, if beliefs universally aligned with a commonly accepted epistemic principle—namely, doxastic correctness—then there would be less aesthetic diversity in the world. And second, I argue that, if beliefs universally aligned with doxastic correctness, then there would also be less overall aesthetic value in the world, at least in some important respects.
O03 Are proposed definitions of low-risk Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) clinically useful?
Authors: Berry Karla , Dewar Simon , Dolby Heather W , Cooper George , Sutherland Rebecca K , Russell Clark D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Identifying ‘low-risk’ patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) could enable earlier switches to oral antibiotics and reduce the need for intensive investigation in selected patients. Several definitions have been proposed but have not been compared with each other.

Objectives
To determine the agreement between current definitions of ‘low-risk’ SAB.

Methods
We studied 600 patients included in an ongoing retrospective cohort study of consecutive adults with SAB from three hospitals in South East Scotland, identified between 20/12/2019 and 23/4/2023. We investigated four definitions of ‘low-risk’ SAB: (1) patients meeting eligibility criteria for the SABATO early oral switch trial; (2) patients meeting a definition of low-risk SAB recently proposed by Hendriks et al. (Clin Infect Dis 2024; 79: 43–51); (3) patients meeting the eligibility criteria for IV to oral switch on day 7 in the SNAP trial; and (4) patients not meeting the IDSA definition of complicated SAB. We determined which patients met these definitions, quantified the overlap, determined the agreement between definitions using Cohen’s kappa statistic (k), and compared patient characteristics and outcomes between the groups.

Results
A total of 98/600 (16.3%) patients met the SABATO definition, 113/600 (18.8%) met the Hendriks et al. definition, 144 (24.0%) met the SNAP early oral switch criteria, and 263/600 (43.8%) did not meet the IDSA criteria for complicated SAB. We observed limited overlap between these groups. Only 29 patients met all four definitions. Agreement between definitions was fair to moderate (k=0.21 to 0.46). Patients meeting these definitions shared some characteristics, including age (median 64–67 years), a predominance of nosocomial acquisition and IV source of bacteraemia, and reduced frequency of an unknown source of bacteraemia. In-hospital attributable mortality differed between groups: 4.1% in those meeting the SABATO definition, 10.6% in those meeting the Hendriks et al definition, 3.5% in those meeting criteria for SNAP early oral switch, and 17.1% in those not meeting the IDSA definition for complicated SAB (compared with 24.0% in patients not meeting any definition). Rates of persistent or recurrent bacteraemia also varied: 3.1% for SABATO, 0% for Hendriks et al, 2.8% for SNAP early oral switch, and 0.8% for IDSA non-complicated SAB (compared with 6.4% for patients not meeting any definition).

Conclusions
Given these discrepancies in overlap, agreement, and outcomes, our findings highlight the ongoing need for a standardized definition of ‘low-risk’ SAB to consistently identify these patients in clinical practice and for clinical trials.
P01 Cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Air Filtration to prevent Respiratory Infections (including COVID-19) in care homes: the AFRI-c trial
Authors: Hay Alastair , Brierley Rachel , Turner Nick , Thorn Joanna , Rees Sophie , Taylor Jodi , Welsh Tomas , Henderson Emily , Sprackman Jane , Morgan Gemma , Riddington Craig , Campbell-Smith Laurel , Brown Claire , Ready Derren , Mazza Graziella , Gidman Eleanor , Kipping Ruth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common in people in care homes. Transmission can be through direct contact or airborne particles. Portable high-efficiency-particulate-air (HEPA) filtration units remove airborne microbial particles, but it is unclear if this is sufficient to reduce infections.

Objectives
To investigate the effectiveness of portable HEPA filtration units to reduce RTIs in care home residents.

Methods
Ninety residential care homes were randomized to HEPA filtration units in communal rooms and private bedrooms or usual care. Primary outcome: number of RTIs recorded by care home staff. Secondary outcomes: other infections; falls/near falls; laboratory confirmed infections; hospitalizations; and staff sickness.

Results
A total of 43 care homes were randomized to intervention, 47 to usual care. Overall, 43% and 45% of intervention and control group care homes provided nursing care; 86% and 87% dementia care; and median (IQR) number of communal rooms were 4 (3–6) and 4 (3–5). A total of 1158 residents were consented, of whom 34 (3%) moved away; 172 (15%) died; and 5 stopped participating. Primary outcome data is 98% complete with 195 463 ‘resident days’ symptom data collected. Comparing intervention and control group residents: median (IQR) age was 87 (81–92) and 88 (82–92) years; 70% and 71% were female; 35% and 43% were receiving nursing care; 58% and 57% had dementia; frailty scores were 6 (4–7) and 6 (5–7); 95% and 94% received influenza vaccines; and 97% and 96% received COVID vaccines.

Conclusions
Full results will be available for conference. This global first RCT will provide invaluable evidence regarding the role of portable HEPA filtration to reduce RTIs in the care home setting.
Lipin-1 restrains macrophage lipid synthesis to promote inflammation resolution
Authors: Bamgbose Temitayo T , Schilke Robert M , Igiehon Oluwakemi O , Nkadi Ebubechukwu H , Binwal Monika , Custis David , Bharrhan Sushma , Schwarz Benjamin , Bohrnsen Eric , Bosio Catharine M , Scott Rona S , Yurdagul Jr. Arif , Finck Brian N , Woolard Matthew D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Macrophages are critical to maintaining and restoring tissue homeostasis during inflammation. The lipid metabolic state of macrophages influences their function and polarization, which is crucial to the resolution of inflammation. The contribution of lipid synthesis to proinflammatory macrophage responses is well understood. However, how lipid synthesis regulates proresolving macrophage responses needs to be better understood. Lipin-1 is a phosphatidic acid phosphatase with a transcriptional coregulatory activity that regulates lipid metabolism. We previously demonstrated that lipin-1 supports proresolving macrophage responses, and here, myeloid-associated lipin-1 is required for inflammation resolution, yet how lipin-1–regulated cellular mechanisms promote macrophage proresolution responses is unknown. We demonstrated that the loss of lipin-1 in macrophages led to increased free fatty acid, neutral lipid, and ceramide content and increased phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The inhibition of the first step of lipid synthesis, the transport of citrate from the mitochondria, reduced lipid content and restored efferocytosis and inflammation resolution in lipin-1mKO mice and macrophages. Our findings suggest macrophage-associated lipin-1 restrains lipid synthesis, promoting proresolving macrophage function in response to proresolving stimuli.
The queer vanguard: how television streaming platforms promoted intersectional LGBTQ+ content to establish their brands
Authors: Sender Katherine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The “queer vanguard” theorizes how Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, and other television streaming platforms articulated intersectional lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and nonbinary (LGBTQ+) representations with attributes of narrative complexity, hipness, prestige, and authenticity in pursuit of subscribers. Streamers reworked branding strategies innovated in the 1980s and 1990s by cable and broadcast channels that produced Black-cast shows, and by cable channels in the early twenty-first century that centered gay and lesbian characters. Using an innovative approach that explores media practice as research method, I argue that streamers advanced the queer vanguard to attract subscribers to their original content, develop distinctive libraries, sustain subscribers’ attention, and expand their markets. As the streaming wars have ensued, digital distributors are returning to traditional television practices of appealing to mass audiences with ad-supported content that threatens the future of the complex, intersectional LGBTQ+ narratives that have been central to “Peak TV.”
Hypopituitarism Screening in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury in the Primary Care Setting at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Authors: Ahmed Ammar , Inkollu Sindhura , Chauhan Aditya , Westanmo Anders , Ercan-Fang Nacide , Sibley Shalamar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant health issue among veterans and poses a substantial risk for pituitary injury. Consensus guidelines recommend that patients who have sustained a TBI should undergo a baseline pituitary hormonal evaluation after the primary brain insult. Patients with abnormal screening test results or with symptoms of hypopituitarism should be referred to endocrinology for a full assessment. Currently, there are no reported data on the screening rates of hypopituitarism in veterans with TBI. This pilot study was conducted to determine the frequency of screening for hypopituitarism in veterans with TBI in a primary care clinic setting.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of TBI who were seen by their primary care physicians at the Minneapolis Veteran Affairs Health Care System over a 1-year period. A random sample was generated using computerized random generator software of patient data, including demographics, TBI-related information, and pituitary hormone levels, which were collected from the panel of primary care providers. We used 2 sets of screening criteria, one by Ghigo et al. published in 2005, and the second by Tan et al. published in 2017, to define hypopituitarism screening adequacy in our cohort of TBI patients. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Results
None of the 50 patients who met the criteria for screening based on the 2005 recommendations were screened for hypopituitarism. Only 2 of the 26 patients who met the criteria for screening based on the more recent 2017 recommendations were screened for hypopituitarism.

Conclusion
We report that the screening rate for hypopituitarism in TBI patients is exceedingly low in the primary care setting, even with the less rigorous newer screening recommendations. Measures should be taken to improve screening of hypopituitarism to decrease morbidity and improve the quality of life in patients with a history of TBI.
Doctors with mental health difficulties and ADHD
Authors: Perera B , Al-Najjar Z 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There is growing interest in understanding neurodevelopmental disorders such as Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among doctors. However, the current understanding of ADHD and its association with mental well-being in doctors is limited.

Aims
This study investigated the significance of ADHD among doctors with mental health difficulties accessing a national mental health service for doctors in England.

Methods
Electronic records from 2877 doctors seeking mental health care through the National Health Service Practitioner Health service were analysed. Demographic data, psychopathology scales (PHQ-9 for depression, GAD-7 for anxiety, Core-10 for psychological well-being) and ADHD screening using ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) were examined. Analyses were conducted to explore associations between ADHD screening, demographic variables and co-existing mental health disorders.

Results
The study revealed that over one-third (35%) of doctors in this study sample screened positive for ADHD using the ASRS questionnaire. The male-to-female ratio for screened positive was 1.1:1. The number of doctors screening positive for ADHD reduced with age. A substantial portion of doctors who screened positive for ADHD also exhibited symptoms of co-existing mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression.

Conclusions
This study highlights that assessments for ADHD among doctors presenting with mental health difficulties can be important and relevant. Validated screening tools can be used in this process. The high rate of psychopathology among those who screened positive for ADHD in this study sample indicates the need for detailed assessments to understand the complex dynamic of ADHD symptoms and psychiatric disorders. Recognizing ADHD is important as treatments are different to other psychiatric disorders.