bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor marker index based on CYFRA21-1 and NSE is an important screening index for early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma high-risk groups
Authors: Guo Meng , Li Yarui , Lu Guifang , He Shuixiang , Ren Mudan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel tumor marker index (TMI) based on cytokeratin-19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) and neuron-specific enolase(NSE) in early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) screening.
Methods: This study retrospectively included a total of 192 individuals who received gastroscopy or treatment between the period of October 2021 and October 2022. TMI was defined as the geometric mean of the normalized values of serum CYFRA21-1 and NSE concentration. Binary logistic regression analysis model was used to determine the independent risk factors for early-stage ESCC. Furthermore, a risk prediction model including TMI and epidemiological factors was developed.
Results: According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the cut-off value of TMI was 0.681, and participants were grouped into high and low TMI cohorts. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that TMI was an independent risk factor for early-stage ESCC (p = 0.027). Moreover, according to the logistic regression, the model indicated excellent predictive performance in assessing individuals' risk of early-stage ESCC via TMI and epidemiological factors.
Conclusion: The study indicated that TMI based on CYFRA21-1 and NSE can be used as a novel indicator for screening high-risk population of early-stage ESCC.
A novel gammapartitivirus from the Penicillium oxalicum RCEF7482
Authors: Huang Bo , Sun Jing , Wang Ping , Lu Hanwen , Yang Guogen 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Penicillium oxalicum, an essential biocontrol fungus in China, has been a subject of extensive study due to its role in combating various pathogenic fungi. Despite the prevalence of mycoviruses with double-stranded (ds) RNA genomes in filamentous fungi, no instances of mycovirus infection have been reported in P. oxalicum. In this investigation, we present the identification and characterization of a novel dsRNA virus isolated from P. oxalicum, designated as "Penicillium oxalicum partitivirus 1" (PoPV1). The genome of PoPV1 consists of two dsRNA segments, dsRNA1 (1,770 bp) and dsRNA2 (1,584 bp), each hosting a single open reading frame (ORF): ORF1 and ORF2. Comparative analysis revealed that PoPV1's RdRp and CP sequences share the highest identity (89.18% and 73.97%, respectively) with Penicillium aurantiogriseum partitivirus 1 (PaPV1). Motif analysis based on RdRp amino acid sequences places PoPV1 in the genus Gammapartitivirus within the familyPartitiviridae, with a distinctive motif VI (R/KV/ILGDD). Phylogenetic analysis further establishes PoPV1's close relationship with PaPV1, forming a unique clade within gammapartitiviruses. Consequently, we propose that Penicillium oxalicum partitivirus 1 represents a novel species in the genus Gammapartitivirus, marking the first reported case of dsRNA in P. oxalicum.
Study Protocol for the Development and Validation of a People Perceived Quality of Health Systems Scale Based on the People's Voice Survey
Authors: li Chunping , Wang Xiaohui , Zhong Dongmei , Zhong Lexin , Yang Ting , Cai Yiyuan , He Wenjun , Luo Meng , Zhao Hongmei , Lv Sensen , Huang Wanqing , Zhang Lanping , Li Jiaqi , Xie Yunyun , Zhao Qing , Liu Siyuan , Chen Xiaoshan , Xu Dong(Roman) 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Current research underscores the necessity of assessing the quality of health systems from the people's perspective. The Lancet Global Health Commission has proposed a High-Quality Health System (HQHS) framework, which covers system foundations, care quality, user experience, outcomes, and confidence. The commission has also developed an English version of the People's Voice Survey (PVS) based on the HQHS framework. Lanzhou University has created a Chinese version of PVS. However, the PVS, being a survey, poses challenges in quantifying outcomes. Additionally, its considerable length can limit its usefulness and validity in application.
Methods
The development and validation of the scale will undergo the following six phases: (1) constructing an initial version of the scale item pool and dimensions based on the existing People's Voice Survey; (2) employing an improved Delphi consultation method to assess the comprehensiveness of the scale items and dimensions in measuring the intended concepts, followed by conducting content validity evaluation; (3) conducting cognitive interviews to explore participants' understanding and difficulties with the items, collecting information to subsequently refine the scale, and enhance face validity; (4) conducting a pilot test to optimize the survey process before the formal validation test; and (5) employing a validation test to assess the scale's test-retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity, face validity, construct validity (including structural validity and hypothesis testing), language and length, following the recommendations of health measurement tool selection guidelines.
Discussion
This study aims to develop the "People Perceived Quality of Health Systems Scale (PEQSYS)" based on the HQHS and PVS. The PEQSYS will adhere to the rigorous scale development process proposed by COSMIN and PAPERS, among other standards, and aim to possess robust psychometric properties.The anticipated result is a scale possessing essential attributes, including robust psychometric properties, repeatability, quantifiability, and comparability. These characteristics will facilitate a swift and quantitative evaluation of perceived health system quality, ensuring the scale's applicability in diverse contexts.
FLT3-ITD-Specific PROTAC: Enhanced Safety and Increased Synergy with Venetoclax in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Tan Yuxin , Xin Lilan , Wang Qian , Xu Rong , Tong Xiqin , Chen Guopeng , Ma Linlu , Yang Fuwei , Jiang Hongqiang , Zhang Nan , Wu Jinxian , Li Xinqi , Guo Xinyi , Wang Chao , Zhou Haibing , Zhou Fuling 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) carrying Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutations often face a poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, and short overall survival. While some FLT3 small molecule inhibitors have been used clinically, challenges such as short efficacy, poor specificity, and resistance persist. Proteolytic targeting chimera (PROTAC), with its lower ligand affinity requirement for target proteins, offers higher targeting capability, and the minimal amount of PROTAC can rapidly degrade proteins. This technology may address issues of poor specificity or resistance seen with small molecule inhibitors.
Methods
Gilteritinib was used as the ligand for the target protein FLT3-ITD, and different E3 ligase ligands were connected to synthesize several series of PROTAC targeting FLT3-ITD.
Results
Through in vitro and in vivo screening and structural optimization, PROTAC Z29 linked to VHL E3 ligase ligand, the optimal lead compound, was obtained. Kinase screening showed that the synthesized PROTAC Z29 exhibited better specificity and targeting ability than existing small molecule inhibitors. In vitro, Z29 significantly inhibited the proliferation of FLT3-ITD+ MOLM13 and MV-4-11 cells and induced FLT3 protein degradation through the proteasome pathway at the nanomolar level. In vivo, Z29 significantly inhibited tumor growth rate at a dose of 30 mg/kg in subcutaneous xenograft mice while maintaining the stable body weight of mice. Compared to Gilteritinib, Z29, when used in combination with Venetoclax, demonstrated a higher synergy score in MOLM13 and MV-4-11 cells. We also verified Z29's minimal impact on platelets in a patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model, which may be due to the minimal expression of VHL ligase in platelets. The combination of Z29 and Venetoclax showed better anti-tumor effects and lower platelet toxicity and hepatic toxicity.
Conclusion
PROTAC technology can enhance drug targeting specificity. The rapid degradation ability and higher targeting specificity of FLT3-ITD PROTAC can mitigate the platelet toxicity of small molecule inhibitors, ensuring safety and efficacy in monotherapy and combination therapy. These findings establish a solid foundation for FLT3-ITD-PROTAC as an effective strategy for the treatment of patients with FLT3-ITD mutation.
A green approach for metoclopramide quantification in pharmaceutical products. New HPLC and spectrophotometric methods
Authors: DEMİR İbrahim , Bulduk İbrahim , DARWISH Ibrahim A. , ENGİNAR Hüseyin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Green spectrophotometric and HPLC methods have been developed for the quantification of metoclopramide. In the spectrophotometric method, it was determined by direct absorbance measurement at 273 nm wavelength using ultrapure water as solvent. The Extend C18 column was used for the HPLC method. The mobile phase system consisted of a combination of ethanol and formic acid solution (pH 2.0; 30:70 v/v). Isocratic elution was applied and the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL min− 1. Metoclopramide was detected at 273 nm. The methods performed were economical, rapid, environmentally friendly, and simple, providing metoclopramide analysis within 5 minutes. The methods have been successfully applied in pharmaceutical products without matrix interference. The results of the application of the developed methods to pharmaceutical products were statistically compared and no significant difference was observed between the methods. In addition, the greenness assessment of the developed methods was performed using AGREE software. The developed methods are proposed as excellent environmental and operator-friendly alternatives for the quantification of metoclopramide in pharmaceutical formulations.
Prevention of post-operative delirium using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A pragmatic, randomised, double blind, placebo- controlled trial
Authors: Huet Olivier , Gargadennec Thomas , Oilleau Jean-Ferréol , Rozec Bertrand , Nesseler Nicolas , Bouglé Adrien , Kerforne Thomas , Lasocki Sigismond , Eljezi Vedat , Dessertaine Géraldine , Amour Julien , Chapalain Xavier 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
After cardiac surgery, post-operative delirium (PoD) is acknowledged to have a significant negative impact on patient outcome. To date there is no valuable and specific treatment for PoD. Critically ill patients often suffer from poor sleep condition. There is an association between delirium and sleep quality in ICU. This study aimed to establish whether promoting sleep using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of delirium after cardiac surgery.
Methods
Randomized, pragmatic, multicentre, double blind, placebo controlled trial from January 2019 to July 2021. All adult patients aged 65 years or older requiring elective cardiac surgery were randomly assigned 1:1 either to the dexmedetomidine group or the placebo group on the day of surgery. Dexmedetomidine or matched placebo infusion was started the night after surgery from 8PM to 8AM and administered every night while the patient remained in ICU, or for a maximum of 7 days. Primary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative delirium (PoD) within the 7 days after surgery.
Results
A total of 348 patients provided informed consent, of whom 333 were randomized: 331 patients underwent surgery and were analysed (165 assigned to dexmedetomidine and 166 assigned to placebo). The incidence of PoD was not significantly different between the two groups (12.6% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.97). Patients treated with dexmedetomidine had significantly more hypotensive events (7.3% vs 0.6%; p < 0.01). At 3 months, functional outcomes (Short-form 26, Cognitive failure questionnaire, PCL-5) were comparable between the two groups. In as-treated population, sleep quality assessed by numerical scale was significantly higher in the patients receiving dexmedetomidine (5.7 vs. 5; p = 0.01), as was the evaluation with the Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire (-4.0 vs. -7.3; p = 0.02).
Conclusion
In patients recovering from an elective cardiac surgery, an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine did not decrease postoperative delirium.
Trial registration:
This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (number: NCT03477344; date: 26th March 2018)
The Complex Role of Immune Cells in Age-Related Eye Disease: Which? How?
Authors: Tan Xin , Sun Huixin , Chen Shirong 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background With the study of the eye as a specialized immune region, there is increasing evidence of the important role of immune cells for eye function. There is also an important association between immune cells and age-related eye disease (AED), but this association remains difficult to identify due to limitations of previous studies.Methods We overcame the limitations of previous studies by a novel approach (Mendelian Randomization) to investigate the effects of all 731 immune cells on common AEDs. The three approaches were used to jointly screen for trustworthy results, and then heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests were used to ensure the reliability of the results. Finally, inverse analysis was used to look for possible inverse effects. Finally, reverse MR analysis is used to look for possible reverse effects.Results Four, five, and six immune cell types have been found to be associated with cataract, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration separately, and the associations are both protective and risk factors. Heterogeneity analyses indicated the presence of heterogeneity, so we appropriately moderated the screening method, which combined with the results of horizontal pleiotropy together ensured the stability of the results. Reverse MR analysis did not find a reverse effect and avoided confounding due to reverse causation.Conclusion Our results uncovered associations between several classes of immune cells and common AEDs, with future potential as markers for diagnosis and treatment.
Oxidation process of 1,4-dihydropyridine, 1,4-dihydropyrimidine and pyrrolo-1,4-dihydropyrimidine: quantum chemical study
Authors: Shyshkina Mariia O. , Desenko Serhiy M. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Derivatives of 1,4-dihydropyridine, 1,4-dihydropyrimidine and its azolo analogues possess a wide range of biological activity and are involved in cellular bioenergetics. Dihydrocycles can be oxidized up to corresponding aromatic ones due to two one-electron transfers. Mechanism of the oxidation process was modeled as a stepwise change of the 1,4-dihydropyridine, 1,4-dihydropyrimidine and pyrrolo-1,4-dihydropyrimidine using different levels of theory (Hartree-Fock, MP2, DFT), basis sets, and models of environment (vacuum approximation, PCM model describing a non-specific influence of polarizing environment, or PCM model with an explicit water molecule describing both non-specific and specific influence of neighboring molecules). It is shown that the potential of the first one-electron transfer I1 depends on the level of theory and the model of an environment used in calculations. The potential of the second one-electron transfer I2 depends only on the model of an environment. The analysis of their differences calculated using different approaches has revealed the dependence only from the level of theory. Since DFT methods provide the geometric characteristics of 1,4-dihydroheterocycles closest to the experimental data, it seems reasonable to use these relatively cheap calculations to study the oxidation process.
Anthropogenic influence on the skin microbiota of a syntropic anuran in the Atlantic rainforest in northeast Brazil
Authors: Santos Lara Costa , Santos Alcina Fonsêca , Souza Paula Mariana , Almeida Anna Carolina , Moura Geraldo Jorge 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Environmental disturbances caused by anthropogenic activities include a loss of habitat and a restructuring of the ecological interactions of biodiversity. Species adapted to the urban ecosystem - synanthropic - can have their cryptic interactions with microorganisms altered. In the case of anurans, the skin bacterial microbiota plays a fundamental role in host protection. However, it is not known how the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota of Scinax x-signatus, a synanthropic anuran, behaves in different fragments. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the composition and diversity of the skin microbiota of Scinax x-signatus in two areas with different degrees of anthropisation in north-eastern Brazil. Eleven individuals of S. x-signatus had their skin microbiota sampled in a control area and an anthropised area of the Recife Botanical Garden (JBR). We reported 21 bacterial isolates that belong to 11 species and 3 families (Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillaceae and Moraxellaceae). Enterobacteria were more frequent, among which we report two species with pathogenic potential found on the skin of treefrogs from the anthropised area - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the control area, Enterobacter hormaechei was an environmental indicator specie. The anthropised area was more diverse than the control area. With the exception of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, the species found have been previously reported as part of the cutaneous microbiota of anurans. The greater diversity of the anthropised area highlights the importance of anthropogenic changes in the emergence of transmission routes for pathogens with zoonotic potential to vertebrates, an indication of environmental quality.
Effects of Tai Chi practice on postural sway for older people during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wang Di , Gao Ying , Liu Xiaoxia , Pain Matthew 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tai Chi has been promoted for older people to prevent falls and may be seen as a priority exercise during coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Tai Chi practice on standing balance for older people in a nursing home. Thirty-eight older people recruited during COVID-19 extended restrictions, a Tai Chi group who were regularly performed Tai Chi during the periods (n = 18, more than five-year experience) and Control group (n = 20, no Tai Chi experience). Postural sway during standing balance was quantified under four different conditions:1) eyes open (EO); 2) eyes closed (EC); 3) eyes open and cross step with right leg forward (ER) and 4) with left leg forward (EL). Significantly less postural sway was observed in the Tai Chi group, particularly during EO and EL conditions. The findings of this study support the positive effects of Tai Chi practice on balance control. During COVID-19, although older people living in the nursing home limited their outdoor mobility, Tai Chi practice may maintain their physical function on a standing balance.
An Endogenous Promoter LpSUT2 Discovered in Duckweed: a Promising Transgenic Tool for Plants
Authors: Wei Cuicui , Hu Zhubin , Wang Songhu , Tan Xiao , Jin Yanling , Yi Zhuolin , He Kaize , Zhao Leyi , Chu Ziyue , Fang Yang , Chen Shuang , Liu Penghui , Zhao Hai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Promoters are one of the most critical elements in regulating gene expression. They are considered essential biotechnological tools for heterologous protein production. The one most widely used in plants is the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus. However, our study for the first time discovered the 35S promoter reduced the expression of exogenous proteins under increased antibiotic stress. We discovered an endogenous strong promoter from duckweed named LpSUT2 that keeps higher priming activity under antibiotic stress. Stable transformation in duckweed showed that the gene expression of eGFP in the LpSUT2:eGFP was 1.76 times that of the 35S:eGFP at 100 mg/L G418 and 6.18 times at 500 mg/L G418. Notably, with the increase of G418 concentration, the gene expression and the fluorescence signal of eGFP in the 35S:eGFP was weak, while the LpSUT2:eGFP only changed slightly. This is because under high antibiotic stress, the 35S promoter was methylated, leading to the gene silencing of the eGFP gene. Meanwhile, the LpSUT2 promoter was not methylated and maintained high activity. This is a previously unknown mechanism that provides us with new insights into screening more stable promoters that are less affected by environmental stress. These outcomes suggest that the LpSUT2 promoter has a high capacity to initiate the expression of exogenous proteins. In conclusion, our study provides a promoter tool with potential application for plant genetic engineering and also provides new insights into screening promoters.
Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)-Assisted Peroxymonosulfate Activation for Efficient Urea elimination in Ultrapure water Production from Reclaimed Water
Authors: Kim Chaelin , Yoo Heeji , Lee Gyubin , Hong Hye-Jin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Urea is a problematic pollutant in reclaimed water for ultrapure water (UPW) production. The sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process (SR-AOP) has been recognized as an effective method for urea degradation. However, conventional metal-based catalysts for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation are unsuitable for UPW production due to issues related to metal ion leaching. In this study, the use of powdered activated carbon (PAC) was investigated for the removal of urea from reclaimed water. The PAC exhibited a high degree of defects (ID/IG = 1.709) and various surface oxygen functional groups (C-OH, C = O, and C-O), which greatly enhanced its catalytic capability. The PAC significantly facilitated PMS activation in the PMS + PAC system, leading to the complete urea decomposition. The PMS + PAC system demonstrated excellent urea removal efficiency within a wide pH range, except for pH < 3. Among the various anions present, the CO32 − and PO43 − inhibited urea degradation, while the coexistence of Cl − promoted urea removal. Furthermore, the feasibility test was evaluated using actual reclaimed water. The quenching test revealed that SO4−·, ·OH, and O2−· played crucial roles in the degradation of urea in the PAC-assisted SR-AOP. The oxygen functional groups (C-OH and O-C = O) and defect sites of PAC clearly contributed to PMS activation.