bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the factors affecting clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 unvaccinated patients admitted to the intensive care unit in a lower-middle-income country
Authors: Heydari Fatemeh , Karimpour-razkenari Elahe , Azadtarigheh Parnian , Vahdatinia Alireza , Salahshoor Ali , Alipour Abbas , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Gholipour Baradari Afshin , Monajati Mahila , Naderi-Behdani Fahimeh 
Published: November 2023

Background:COVID-19, the most destructive pandemic of this century, caused the highest mortality rate among ICU patients. The evaluation of these patients is insufficient in lower-middle-income countries with limited resources during pandemics. As a result, our primary goal was to examine the characteristics of patients at baseline as well as their survival outcomes, and propose mortality predictors for identifying and managing the most vulnerable patients more effectively and quickly.Methods:A prospective analysis of COVID-19 ICU-admitted patients was conducted in our healthcare centre in Iran, from 1 April until 20 May 2020. Ninety-three patients were included in the study, and all were unvaccinated. A multi-variate logistic regression was conducted to evaluate mortality-associated factors.Results:There were 53 non-survivors among our ICU-admitted patients. The mean duration from symptoms’ onset to hospitalization was 6.92 ± 4.27 days, and from hospitalization to ICU admission was 2.52 ± 3.61 days. The average hospital stay for patients was 13.23 ± 10.43 days, with 8.84 ± 7.53 days in the ICU. Non-survivors were significantly older, had significantly lower haemoglobin levels and higher creatine phosphokinase levels compared to survivors. They had marginally lower SpO2 levels at admission, higher vasopressor administrations, and were intubated more significantly during their ICU stay. The use of immunosuppressive drugs was also significantly higher in non-survivors. Logistic regression revealed that a one-point increase in APACHE II score at ICU admission increased mortality by 6%, and the presence of underlying diseases increased mortality by 4.27 times.Conclusion:The authors presented clinical mortality prediction factors for critically ill patients infected with COVID-19. Additional studies are necessary to identify more generalized mortality indicators for these patients in lower-middle-income countries.
Correlation between color vision, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and photostress recovery in the visually impaired: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Almaliotis Diamantis , Almpanidou Stavroula , Chatzimbalis Theodosis , Nikolaidou Anna , Talimtzi Persefoni , Karampatakis Vasileios 
Published: November 2023

Background:
To investigate the correlation of colour vision, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and photostress recovery time test scores in visually impaired patients.

Materials and methods:
A total of 133 subjects were enroled and 133 eyes were examined. The pathological group consisted of 76 (57.1%) males with an average age of 68.0 (SD=13.2) and 57 (42.9%) females, with an average age of 68.1 (SD=15.2), Mann–Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences in K-colour tests, HRR, visual acuity, Contrast Sensitivity test and photostress recovery time test between two different groups of severity.

Results:
Correlations were found among colour vision tests, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and photostress recovery time scores in eyes with age-related macular degeneration, with diabetic retinopathy, with optic nerve diseases, and various other retinal diseases (P<0.05). In patients with moderate-visual impairments.

Conclusions:
The colour vision test scores correlate with the scores of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and photostess recovery time test. It may be a useful clinical surrogate for functional vision.
Development of an Emergency Department Case Management Case-Finding Tool
Authors: Gallagher David , Bentley Barbara , Barry Ashley , Fraccola Amy , Santos Rosimeire , Glenn Adam , Howard James , Kamath Aparna , Flanagan Katie 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of Study:
Identifying emergency department (ED) patients who are at high risk for return visits is an important goal for case management to improve patient care. This quality improvement study describes the development and evaluation of the Emergency Department Case Management Priority Score (EDCMPS), an electronic medical record (EMR)-based “case-finding” system, and its ability to identify these high-risk patients. In addition, the authors present data about its acceptability among emergency department case managers (ED CMs).

Primary Practice Settings:
Emergency departments with case management availability and staffing.

Methodology and Sample:
A retrospective analysis at Duke University Hospital ED compared patient data pre- and postimplementation of the EDCMPS. The tool was developed using the LEAN and Plan–Do–Study–Act (PDSA) quality improvement methodologies, with ED CM participation. ED return and hospitalization rates within 7 and 30 days between both methods were compared, and a survey evaluated CM satisfaction with the EDCMPS.

Results:
The 2-month preintervention period (July 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022) included 8,677 patients discharged from the ED, with 897 patients (10.3%) identified as at high risk for return based on the previous manual methodology. In the 3-month postintervention period (September 1, 2022, to November 30, 2022), there were 13,566 patients discharged, with 692 patients (5.1%) identified as at high risk for return using the EDCMPS. The EDCMPS outperformed the manual method, yielding a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for 7- and 30-day ED return or hospitalization (e.g., 30-day any return OR = 4.21 vs. 1.69). The survey showed broad ED CM agreement on the tool's superior performance, especially in organizing outpatient resources and referring to support programs. However, challenges in securing primary care follow-up, housing, and health insurance applications were identified. The tool's collaborative development approach ensured its fit to ED CM needs, contributing to its success.

Implications for Case Management Practice:
The EDCMPS showcases promise in enhancing ED CM efficiency, with strong frontline staff endorsement. It pinpoints areas needing focus for patient support and has the potential to reduce ED revisits and therefore health care utilization. Its methodology offers insights for similar future implementations in health care institutions.
The Magnet Recognition Program® and Its Influence on Hospital Rankings
Authors: Newberry Lynn W. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:In the complex landscape of healthcare, 2 prominent entities have emerged as benchmarks for quality and excellence: the Magnet Recognition Program® and theU.S. News & World Reportrankings. Although distinct in their focus, these 2 organizations share a common goal of driving improvements in healthcare standards and patient outcomes. The synergy between the Magnet Recognition Program® andU.S. News & World Reportis a testament to their impact on shaping the healthcare industry in the United States.
Violent Event Severity Tool for Reporting Violent Incidents
Authors: Kim Son Chae , Kim Youngho Paul 
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVES
To explore the usefulness of the Violent Event Severity Tool (VEST).

BACKGROUND
The Joint Commission and many governing bodies require establishing workplace violence prevention programs in hospitals. Inconsistent processes have hampered the efficacy evaluation of such programs for collecting and reporting violence. The VEST was developed as a standardized tool for capturing violence data.

METHODS
Ninety-six healthcare workers attending the 2022 Magnet® conference completed the survey. The VEST includes 6 types and 4 intensities of violent incidents.

RESULTS
Most participants reported that the VEST is easy to use (79%), relevant (85%), and useful (85%). Fewer than half were satisfied with their incident report filing processes. Only 38% of participants experiencing grade 1 physical assault filed an incident report, whereas 70% and 100% experiencing grades 3 and 4 physical assaults filed.

CONCLUSIONS
The VEST appears to be a useful and relevant tool for consistent collection and reporting of various violence types and severities.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Reduces Proinflammatory Gene Regulation But Not Systemic Inflammation Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lindsay Emily K. , Marsland Anna L. , Cole Steven W. , Dutcher Janine M. , Greco Carol M. , Wright Aidan G.C. , Brown Kirk Warren , Creswell John David 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Aging is associated with increased proinflammatory gene expression and systemic inflammation, and psychosocial stress may accelerate these changes. Mindfulness interventions show promise for reducing psychosocial stress and extending healthspan. Inflammatory pathways may play a role. In a sample of lonely older adults, we tested whether mindfulness training reduces proinflammatory gene expression and protein markers of systemic inflammation.

Methods
Lonely older adults (65–85 years; N = 190) were randomly assigned to an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or matched Health Enhancement Program (HEP). Blood was drawn before and after the intervention and at 3-month follow-up. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, RNA profiling was used to assess transcriptional regulation by proinflammatory nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) as well as β-adrenergic cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), antiviral interferon regulatory factor (IRF), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcription factors. Plasma was assayed for proinflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Analyses tested time (pre, post, follow-up) by condition (MBSR versus HEP) effects.

Results
MBSR reduced NF-κB (d = 0.17, p = .028) but did not alter CREB (d = 0.10, p = .20), IRF (d = 0.13, p = .086), or GR activity (d = 0.14, p = .063) relative to HEP over time. Contrary to predictions, there were no time by condition effects of MBSR compared with HEP on reducing circulating IL-6 or CRP.

Conclusions
In lonely older adults, MBSR reduced cellular proinflammatory gene regulation in ways that would predict reduced disease risk. However, no similar effect was observed for circulating protein markers of inflammation. These results provide specificity about how mindfulness interventions may impact distinct inflammatory markers among aging adults in ways that may have important implications for healthspan.

Trial Registration
Clinical Trials identifier NCT02888600.
Self-Acceptance and Purpose in Life Are Mechanisms Linking Adverse Childhood Experiences to Mortality Risk
Authors: O’Súilleabháin Páraic S. , D’Arcy-Bewick Sinéad , Fredrix Milou , McGeehan Máire , Kirwan Emma , Willard Meredith , Sesker Amanda A. , Sutin Angelina R. , Turiano Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with an increased risk of premature mortality, but it is not clear why. Individuals with ACEs tend to have lower self-acceptance and purpose in life, which may be pathways between ACEs and risk of premature mortality. As such, we tested whether purpose and self-acceptance are mechanisms that link ACEs to mortality risk.

Methods
We used the Midlife in the United States Survey (N = 6218; mean [standard deviation] = 46.89 [12.94] years) to test whether these factors were indirect pathways between ACEs and mortality hazards over 24 years of follow-up. We used a comprehensive ACE measure that included 20 possible childhood adversities including emotional and physical abuse, household instability, socioeconomic climate, and ill health.

Results
ACEs significantly increased mortality risk (hazard ratio = 1.028, 95% confidence interval = 1.008–1.047, p = .006). Self-acceptance and purpose accounted for an estimated 15% and 4% of the ACEs-mortality relation, respectively. These effects withstood a range of adjustments and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions
ACEs may affect mortality risk partially through lower self-acceptance and purpose during adulthood. Given that self-acceptance and purpose may change through intervention, these factors may be useful targets for individuals with ACEs that could lead to a longer life.
What Bedside Skills Could the Modern Rheumatologist Possess? Part II. “Certain Technical Procedures”
Authors: Ike Robert W. , McCoy Sara S. , Kalunian Kenneth C. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Rheumatologists have never been reluctant to adopt procedures that might enhance their diagnostic or therapeutic powers. Their propensity to penetrate the joints of the patients they were treating set them apart from the general internist. Since the 1980s, when a chance to look inside the joints they were treating attracted a few rheumatologists, other things that could be done at the bedside emerged with now an array of bedside procedures that could be part of a rheumatologist's skill set. Besides gains in diagnosis and/or therapy, each constitutes a chance to restore the physical contact between physician and patient, riven by factors of the last decade, such as electronic medical records and COVID. With such contact so important to satisfaction of the patient and physician alike, acquisition of proficiency in certain technical procedures described herein offers one path to begin restoring rheumatology to the richly fulfilling practice it once was.
A Historic Cohort Analysis of Radiographic and Serologic Findings in Patients With Scleroderma and Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Jhawar Nikita , Wilson Claire , Li Zhuo , Ma Yaohua , Abril Andy 
Published: November 2023

Background/Objective
Few studies have investigated associations between rheumatologic serology patterns and different interstitial lung disease (ILD) patterns.

Methods
We present novel findings of a historic cohort study (n = 454) with data collected from 2011 to 2021 within our hospital system. In this institutional review board–approved study, data regarding rheumatologic serologies and ILD patterns were noted based on chart review in patients with scleroderma. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum and χ
2 tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Results showed a statistically significant association between anti-U1 snRNP with lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, which has not been previously described.

Conclusions
We demonstrated novel serologic associations with ILD patterns, which have important clinical implications. More robust and high-powered studies are needed to elucidate the role of serologic testing and their association with ILD phenotypes.
Computed Tomography–guided Percutaneous Lung Biopsy With Electromagnetic Navigation Compared With Conventional Approaches
Authors: Liu Qin , Guo Xiaoxia , Wang Ziyin , Xu Hao , Huang Wei , Liu Jingjing , Wang Zhongmin , Yan Fuhua , Wu Zhiyuan , Ding Xiaoyi 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficiency and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous biopsy of lung lesions with electromagnetic (EM) navigation and compare them with those of conventional approaches.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-nine patients with lung or liver lesions who needed biopsies were enrolled in this trial. All patients were randomly assigned to the E group underwent CT-guided percutaneous biopsies with the EM navigation system or to the C group treated with conventional approaches.

Results:
In total, 27 patients with lung lesions were assigned to the E group, and 20 patients were assigned to the C group. The diagnostic success rate was 92.6% and 95% in both groups, respectively (P>0.9999). The median number of needle repositions in the E group was less than that in the C group (2.0 vs. 2.5, P=0.03). The positioning success rate with 1 or 2 needle repositions for the E group was significantly higher than the C group (81.5% vs. 50%, P=0.03). The median accuracy of the puncture location in the E group was better than that in the C group (2.0 vs. 6.6 mm, P<0.0001). The total procedure time lengthened in the E group compared with the C group (30.5±1.6 vs. 18.3±1.7 min, P<0.0001), but the number of CT acquisitions was not significantly different (P=0.08). There was no significant difference in complication incidence between the 2 groups (P=0.44).

Conclusion:
The EM navigation system is an effective and safe auxiliary tool for CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy, but lengthen the procedure time.

Trial Registration:
ChiCTR2100043361, registered February 9, 2021—retrospectively registered (http://www.medresman.org.cn/uc/project/projectedit.aspx?proj=7591).
Radioimmunotherapy as a pathogen-agnostic treatment method for opportunistic mucormycosis infections
Authors: Carvalho Jorge L.C. , Malo Mackenzie E. , Allen Kevin J.H. , Frank Connor , Xiao Zhiwen , Jiao Rubin , Dadachova Ekaterina 
Published: November 2023

Invasive fungal infections (IFI) such as mucormycosis are causing devastating morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients as anti-fungal agents do not work in the setting of suppressed immune system. COVID-19 pandemic has created a novel landscape for IFI in post-pandemic patients, which results from severe immune suppression caused by COVID-19 infection, comorbidities (diabetes, obesity) and immunosuppressive treatments such as steroids. The antigen-antibody interaction has been employed in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) to deliver lethal doses of ionizing radiation emitted by radionuclides to targeted cells and has demonstrated efficacy in several cancers. One of the advantages of RIT is its independence of immune status of a host which is crucial for immunosuppressed post-COVID-19 patients. In present work we targeted with RIT fungal pan-antigens 1,3-beta-glucan and melanin pigment, which are present in the majority of pathogenic fungi, thus making such targeting pathogen-agnostic. We demonstrated in experimental murine mucormycosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice that 177Lutetium-labeled antibodies to these two antigens effectively decreased the fungal burden in major organs including the brain. These results are encouraging because they show the effectiveness of pathogen-agnostic RIT in significantly decreasing fungal burden in vivo, while they can be also potentially applied to treat the broad range of invasive fungal infections which express pan-antigens 1,3-beta-glucan or melanin.
The unique face of anxious depression: Exaggerated threat but preserved positive valence reactivity
Authors: Ironside Maria , Kuplicki Rayus , Walker Ebony A. , Poplin Tate , Ramsey Cheldyn M. , Forthman Katherine L. , Nestor Melissa E. , Aupperle Robin L. , Guinjoan Salvador M. , Khalsa Sahib S. , Savitz Jonathan , Stewart Jennifer L. , Victor Teresa A. , Paulus Martin P. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundEven though anxious depression is among the most prevalent psychiatric conditions; its underlying neural and behavioral characteristics remain not well understood. This may be important to break down heterogeneity in depression. This study investigated the unique profile of individuals with anxious depression using affective startle modulation, a process known to independently probe appetitive/defensive systems and known to be affected by mood and anxiety disordersMethods236 depressed participants of the Tulsa 1000 study completed multi-level assessments including an emotional reactivity task with eye-blink startle measurement. To minimize bias due to covariates, 124 participants with comorbid depression and anxiety disorders (Dep+Anx) were matched with 62 participants with depression only (Dep). Eye-blink startle magnitudes during positive/negative visual cues were analyzed.ResultsThe Dep group showed no affective modulation of startle. However, the Dep+Anx group showed potentiation from aversive cues and attenuation from appetitive cues. The Dep+Anx group also showed increased attenuation from appetitive cues compared to the Dep group. Dimensionally, the effect of self-report anxiety on startle was moderated by self-report depression.ConclusionsCompared to individuals with depression, those with anxious depression demonstrate heightened positive/negative startle modulation, with depression levels moderating the link between anxiety sensitivity and startle reflex. The differences between these groups in processing aversive/appetitive information support the conclusion that these depression subtypes should be considered separately in future clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: #NCT02450240.General scientific summaryThis study suggests that there are striking differences between those with anxious and non-anxious depression. Specifically, these two groups differ in terms of threat reactivity measured by eye-blink startle response. This proposes that the two groups be separated in future clinical trials.
Contemporary HIV-1 consensus Env with redesigned hypervariable loops promote antibody binding
Authors: Bai Hongjun , Lewitus Eric , Li Yifan , Dussupt Vincent , Slike Bonnie , Mendez-Rivera Letzibeth , Schmid Annika , Wieczorek Lindsay , Polonis Victoria , Krebs Shelly J. , Ake Julie A. , Vasan Sandhya , Joyce M. Gordon , Townsley Samantha , Rolland Morgane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn effective HIV-1 vaccine must elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against the highly diverse Envelope glycoproteins (Env) present globally. Since Env with the longest hypervariable (HV) loops were more resistant to the cognate bnAbs than Env with shorter HV loops, we redesigned hypervariable loops for updated HIV-1 Env consensus sequences of subtypes B and C and circulating recombinant form AE (CRF01_AE). We reduced the length of V1HV, V2H, and V5HV while maintaining the integrity of the Env structure and glycan shield, and we modified V4HV to account for its diverse structural context. Redesiged HV loops consisted mainly of glycine and serine to limit strain-specific targeting. Redesigned consensus Env of subtype B or CRF01_AE demonstrated increased magnitude of binding responses to pooled plasma samples and representative bnAbs. Together with other antigen optimization techniques, consensus Env with redesigned hypervariable loops can improve future HIV-1 vaccine antigens to elicit bnAbs.