bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐Color Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Auger‐Suppressed Quantum Dots in Liquids
Authors: Li Xueyang , Du Jun , Zhao Guohui , Zhang Boyu , Livache Clément , Ahn Namyoung , Jia Yuxi , Li Mingrun , Chen Ying , Zhu Jingyi , Guo Jingwei , Klimov Victor I. , Wu Kaifeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractColloidal quantum‐dot (QD) lasing is normally achieved in close‐packed solid‐state films, as a high QD volume fraction is required for stimulated emission to outcompete fast Auger decay of optical‐gain‐active multiexciton states. Here a new type of liquid optical‐gain medium is demonstrated, in which compact compositionally‐graded QDs (ccg‐QDs) that feature strong suppression of Auger decay are liquefied using a small amount of solvent. Transient absorption measurements of ccg‐QD liquid suspensions reveal broad‐band optical gain spanning a wide spectral range from 560 (green) to 675 nm (red). The gain magnitude is sufficient to realize a two‐color amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at 637 and 594 nm due to the band‐edge (1S) and the excited‐state (1P) transition, respectively. Importantly, the ASE regime is achieved using quasicontinuous excitation with nanosecond pulses. Furthermore, the ASE is highly stable under prolonged excitation, which stands in contrast to traditional dyes that exhibit strong degradation under identical excitation conditions. These observations point toward a considerable potential of high‐density ccg‐QD suspensions as liquid, dye‐like optical gain media that feature readily achievable spectral tunability and stable operation under intense photoexcitation.
Investigation of the Stability of the Poly(ethylene oxide)|LiNi1‐x‐y CoxMnyO2 Interface in Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Yusim Yuriy , Hunstock Dirk F. , Mayer Alexander , Bresser Dominic , Passerini Stefano , Janek Jürgen , Henss Anja 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWhile solid‐state batteries (SSBs) comprising poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based electrolytes are successfully commercialized already for operation at elevated temperature, the selection of the cathode active material (CAM) has so far been limited to LiFePO4. When using high‐voltage CAMs such as LiNi1‐x‐yCoxMnyO2 (NCM), the cells experience fast capacity fading – the cause of which is not consistently understood in literature. In this study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements in a three‐electrode setup are applied to confirm that the NCM|PEO interface is indeed the Achilles' heel in PEO‐based SSBs at high voltages. In this regard, the interfacial stability on the cathode side depends not only on the upper cut‐off voltage, but also on the molecular weight of PEO, strongly affecting the cell performance. Scanning electron microscopy images of the cathodes after cycling suggest that at high voltages interfacial degradation leads to fragmentation of the polymer backbone and to a decrease in viscosity of the solid polymer electrolyte. Overall, the results help to understand the detrimental processes occurring in PEO‐based SSBs in combination with high‐voltage cathodes.
Porous Ag2Se Fabricated by a Modified Cold Sintering Process with the Average zT Around Unity Near Room Temperature
Authors: Palaporn Dulyawich , Pinitsoontorn Supree , Kurosaki Ken , Snyder G. Jeffrey 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSilver selenide (Ag2Se) is a promising material for thermoelectric applications near room temperature. This work proposes a new fabrication route for bulk Ag2Se via a modified cold sintering process (mCSP) to enhance its figure‐of‐merit (zT). Unlike conventional CSP, mCSP employs thiol‐amine (TA) as a liquid medium that completely undissolves Ag2Se, leading to a free flow of the TA solution within interparticle channels. By sintering at temperatures above the boiling point of TA, the liquid evaporates, leaving behind a bulk Ag2Se material with a tube‐like porous structure (open pores). These induced defects strongly influence thermoelectric properties of Ag2Se, with a substantial increase in the Seebeck coefficient and decrease in electrical conductivity. The overall power factor of the mCSP sample with TA surpasses that of the control sample without TA, consistent with effective band modeling of Ag2Se. Moreover, the created micropores during mCSP effectively suppresses the thermal conductivity, leading to a maximum zT above 1.0 at 400 K by optimizing mCSP parameters. Importantly, the average zT within the 300–400 K range is around unity, representing one of the highest reported values. Further optimization of mCSP parameters can enhance average zT beyond unity, making Ag2Se more competitive with state‐of‐the‐art materials near room temperature.
Bioinspired Multistimuli‐Induced Synergistic Changes in Color and Shape of Hydrogel and Actuator Based on Fluorescent Microgels
Authors: Lu Dongdong , Lian Qing , Zhu Mingning 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFluorescent hydrogels have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for developing biomimetic materials and artificial intelligence owing to their unique fluorescence and responsive properties. However, it is still challenging to fabricate hydrogel that exhibits synergistic changes in fluorescence color and shape in response to multistimulus via a simple method. Herein, blue‐ and orange‐emitting fluorescent microgels (MGs) both are designed and synthesized with pH‐, thermal‐, and cationic‐sensitivity via one‐step polymerization, respectively. The two fluorescent MGs are incorporated into transparent doubly crosslinked microgel (DX MG) hydrogels with a preset ratio. The DX MG hydrogels can tune the fluorescent color accompanied by size variation via subjecting to external multistimulus. Thus, DX MG hydrogels can be exploited for multiresponsive fluorescent bilayer actuators. The actuators can undergo complex shape deformation and color changes. Inspired by natural organisms, an artificial morning glory with color and size changes are showcased in response to buffer solutions of different pH values. Besides, an intelligent skin hydrogel, imitating natural calotes versicolor, by assembling four layers of DX MG with different ratios of MGs, is tailored. This work serves as an inspiration for the design and fabrication of novel biomimetic smart materials with synergistic functions.
Cytoplasmic Escape of Mitochondrial DNA Mediated by Mfn2 Downregulation Promotes Microglial Activation via cGas‐Sting Axis in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Wei Fei‐Long , Wang Tian‐Fu , Wang Chao‐Li , Zhang Zhen‐Peng , Zhao Jing‐Wei , Heng Wei , Tang Zhen , Du Ming‐Rui , Yan Xiao‐Dong , Li Xiao‐Xiang , Guo Zheng , Qian Ji‐Xian , Zhou Cheng‐Pei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNeuroinflammation is associated with poor outcomes in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies have demonstrated that stimulator of interferon genes (Sting) plays a key role in inflammatory diseases. However, the role of Sting in SCI remains unclear. In the present study, it is found that increased Sting expression is mainly derived from activated microglia after SCI. Interestingly, knockout of Sting in microglia can improve the recovery of neurological function after SCI. Microglial Sting knockout restrains the polarization of microglia toward the M1 phenotype and alleviates neuronal death. Furthermore, it is found that the downregulation of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) expression in microglial cells leads to an imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and division, inducing the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which mediates the activation of the cGas‐Sting signaling pathway and aggravates inflammatory response damage after SCI. A biomimetic microglial nanoparticle strategy to deliver MASM7 (named MSNs‐MASM7@MI) is established. In vitro, MSNs‐MASM7@MI showed no biological toxicity and effectively delivered MASM7. In vivo, MSNs‐MASM7@MI improves nerve function after SCI. The study provides evidence that cGas‐Sting signaling senses Mfn2‐dependent mtDNA release and that its activation may play a key role in SCI. These findings provide new perspectives and potential therapeutic targets for SCI treatment.
Tailoring Low‐Dimensional Perovskites Passivation for Efficient Two‐Step‐Processed FAPbI3 Solar Cells and Modules
Authors: Ye Feng , Tian Ting , Su Jie , Jiang Ruixuan , Li Jing , Jin Chengkai , Tong Jinhui , Bai Sai , Huang Fuzhi , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Bu Tongle 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConverting PbI2 residues into low‐dimensional perovskites through post‐treatment with ammonium‐based large cations can passivate 3D perovskites, thus has emerged as an effective strategy to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a dramatically improved efficiency is demonstrated for PSCs based on a two‐step‐processed FAPbI3 perovskite via post‐treatment with formamidinium (FA)‐based benzamidine hydrochloride (PFACl), outperforming the commonly used methylamine (MA)‐based benzylamine hydrochloride (PMACl). With an in‐depth exploration of the crystal structures and morphology changes of the FAPbI3 perovskite upon the PFACl post‐treatment, the preferential formation of 1D rather than 2D structures on the 3D perovskite film is identified. In contrast to the 2D counterpart, the more energetically favorable 1D structure enables a more effective elimination of PbI2 residues. As a consequence, the PFACl‐induced 1D/3D perovskite film is endowed with smoother morphology, more uniform surface potential distribution, lower trap density, faster charge transfer, and better film stability than the PMACl‐induced 2D/3D perovskite and control films, demonstrating champion efficiencies of 24.9% for a small‐size PSC, 23.6% for a 1 cm2 large‐size PSC, and 21.2% for a 5 × 5 cm2 mini‐module, which is the highest among the perovskite solar mini‐modules using the two‐step deposition method.
Interface Modification of Tin Oxide Electron‐Transport Layer for the Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Jifa , Tang Feng , Wu Shaoguang , Li Yumeng , Xiao Liangang , Zhu Xuhui , Peng Xiaobin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA small molecular phenanthroline derivative Phen‐NaDPO (3‐[6‐(diphenylphosphinyl)‐2‐naphthalenyl]‐1,10‐Phenanthroline) to modify tin oxide (SnO2) electron‐transport layer (ETL) in organic solar cells is employed. Quantum chemistry calculations and experimental results show that Phen‐NaDPO can interact with SnO2, thereby effectively passivating the surface defects, reducing the work function and improving the electrical conductivity of SnO2, leading to more efficient electron extraction and transport in the organic solar cells (OSCs). Moreover, upon the Phen‐NaDPO modification, the decreased surface energy of SnO2 ETL accounts for enhanced exciton dissociation and charge transport, due to the more ordered molecular organizations of the active layers. Consequently, the inverted OSCs involving Phen‐NaDPO/SnO2 ETLs exhibit an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 17.06% (PM6:Y6) and 18.31% (PM6:L8‐BO), which is the highest efficiency for SnO2 ETL‐based binary solar cells to date. Furthermore, the devices based on Phen‐NaDPO/SnO2 ETL show better device stability (storage stability, photostability and humid stability), with T80 exceeding 200 h encapsulated under light irradiation and 400 h without encapsulation in high‐humidity ambient condition. These results demonstrate that the modification of SnO2 using wide‐band highly stable conjugated small molecules is very promising for simultaneously improve the efficiencies and device stability of OSCs.
Retention of uninfected red blood cells causing congestive splenomegaly is the major mechanism of anemia in malaria
Authors: Kho Steven , Siregar Nurjati C. , Qotrunnada Labibah , Fricot Aurélie , Sissoko Abdoulaye , Shanti Putu A. I. , Candrawati Freis , Kambuaya Noy N. , Rini Hasrini , Andries Benediktus , Hardy David , Margyaningsih Nur I. , Fadllan Fauziyah , Rahmayenti Desandra A. , Puspitasari Agatha M. , Aisah Amelia R. , Leonardo Leo , Yayang Bagus T. G. , Margayani Dewi S. , Prayoga Pak , Trianty Leily , Kenangalem Enny , Price Ric N. , Yeo Tsin W. , Minigo Gabriela , Noviyanti Rintis , Poespoprodjo Jeanne R. , Anstey Nicholas M. , Buffet Pierre A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSplenomegaly frequently occurs in patients with Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) or P. vivax (Pv) malarial anemia, but mechanisms underlying this co‐occurrence are unclear. In malaria‐endemic Papua, Indonesia, we prospectively analyzed red blood cell (RBC) concentrations in the spleen and spleen‐mimetic retention in 37 subjects splenectomized for trauma or hyperreactive splenomegaly, most of whom were infected with Plasmodium. Splenomegaly (median 357 g [range: 80–1918 g]) was correlated positively with the proportion of red‐pulp on histological sections (median 88.1% [range: 74%–99.4%]; r = .59, p = .0003) and correlated negatively with the proportion of white‐pulp (median 8.3% [range: 0.4%–22.9%]; r = −.50, p = .002). The number of RBC per microscopic field (>95% uninfected) was correlated positively with spleen weight in both Pf‐infected (r = .73; p = .017) and Pv‐infected spleens (r = .94; p = .006). The median estimated proportion of total‐body RBCs retained in Pf‐infected spleens was 8.2% (range: 1.0%–33.6%), significantly higher than in Pv‐infected (2.6% [range: 0.6%–23.8%]; p = .015) and PCR‐negative subjects (2.5% [range: 1.0%–3.3%]; p = .006). Retained RBCs accounted for over half of circulating RBC loss seen in Pf infections. The proportion of total‐body RBC retained in Pf‐ and Pv‐infected spleens correlated negatively with hemoglobin concentrations (r = −.56, p = .0003), hematocrit (r = −.58, p = .0002), and circulating RBC counts (r = −.56, p = .0003). Splenic CD71‐positive reticulocyte concentrations correlated with spleen weight in Pf (r = 1.0; p = .003). Retention rates of peripheral and splenic RBCs were correlated negatively with circulating RBC counts (r = −.69, p = .07 and r = −.83, p = .008, respectively). In conclusion, retention of mostly uninfected RBC in the spleen, leading to marked congestion of the red‐pulp, was associated with splenomegaly and is the major mechanism of anemia in subjects infected with Plasmodium, particularly Pf.
Nanographene with a Nitrogen‐Doped Cavity
Authors: Wang Fei‐Fan , Wang Yu‐Xiang , Wu Qiong , Chai Ling , Chen Xuan‐Wen , Tan Yuan‐Zhi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitrogen‐doped cavities are pervasive in graphenic materials, and represent key sites for catalytic and electrochemical activity. However, their structures are generally heterogeneous. In this study, we present the synthesis of a well‐defined molecular cutout of graphene featuring N‐doped cavity. The graphitization of a macrocyclic pyridinic precursor was achieved through photochemical cyclodehydrochlorination. In comparison to its counterpart with pyridinic nitrogen at the edges, the pyridinic nitrogen atoms in this nanographene cavity exhibit significantly reduced basicity and selective binding to Ag+ ion. Analysis of the protonation and coordination equilibria revealed that the tri‐N‐doped cavity binds three protons, but only one Ag+ ion. These distinct protonation and coordination behaviors clearly illustrate the space confinement effect imparted by the cavities.
Assembly of Luminescent Chiral Gold(I)‐Sulfido Clusters via Chiral Self‐Sorting
Authors: Yao Liao‐Yuan , Qin Lin , Chen Ziyong , Lam Jonathan , Yam V. W.‐W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDue to the ubiquity of chirality in nature, chiral self‐assembly involving self‐sorting behaviors has remained as one of the most important research topics of interests. Herein, starting from a racemic mixture of SEG‐based (SEG=SEGPHOS) chlorogold(I) precursors, a unique chiral butterfly‐shape hexadecanuclear gold(I) cluster (Au16) with different ratios of RSEG and SSEG ligands is obtained via homoleptic and heterochiral self‐sorting. More interestingly, by employing different chlorogold(I) precursors of opposite chirality (such as RSEG‐Au2 and SBIN‐Au2 (BIN=BINAP)), an unprecedented heteroleptic and heterochiral self‐sorting strategy has been developed to give a series of heteroleptic chiral decanuclear gold(I) clusters (Au10) with propellor‐shape structures. Heterochiral and heteroleptic self‐sorting have also been observed between enantiomers of homoleptic chiral Au10 clusters to result in the heteroleptic chiral Au10 clusters via cluster‐to‐cluster transformation. Incorporation of heteroleptic ligands is found to decrease the symmetry from S4 of homoleptic meso Au10 to C2 of heteroleptic chiral Au10 clusters. The chirality has been transferred from the axial chiral ligands and stored in the heteroleptic gold(I) clusters.
Enzymatic Peptide and Protein Bromination: The BromoTrp Tag
Authors: Montua Nicolai , Thye Paula , Hartwig Pia , Kühle Matthias , Sewald Norbert 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBio‐orthogonal reactions for modification of proteins and unprotected peptides are of high value in chemical biology. The combination of enzymatic halogenation with transition metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling provides a feasible approach for the modification of proteins and unprotected peptides. By a semirational protein engineering approach, variants of the tryptophan 6‐halogenase Thal were identified that enable efficient bromination of peptides with a C‐terminal tryptophan residue. The substrate scope was explored using di‐, tri‐, and tetrapeptide arrays, leading to the identification of an optimized peptide tag we named BromoTrp tag. This tag was introduced into three model proteins. Preparative scale post‐translational bromination was possible with only a single cultivation and purification step using the brominating E. coli coexpression system Brocoli. Palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling of the bromoarene was achieved with Pd nanoparticle catalysts at 37 °C, highlighting the rich potential of this strategy for bio‐orthogonal functionalization and conjugation.
Access and barriers to supports for children and caregivers attending public child developmental assessment services: Findings from the Sydney child neurodevelopment research registry
Authors: Boulton Kelsie A. , Hodge Antoinette , Levu Kelera , Ong Natalie , Silove Natalie , Guastella Adam J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFamilies can spend years waiting for a developmental assessment. We sought to understand supports caregivers had accessed by the time of their child's first multi‐disciplinary developmental assessment, the supports caregivers wanted, and the barriers caregivers reported to accessing these supports. We also sought to understand how government funding schemes (the National Disability Insurance Scheme) and sociodemographic factors influenced access to supports. Caregivers were emailed questionnaires on sociodemographic background and intervention history prior to their child's developmental assessment at a tertiary diagnostic and assessment service. Results from 202 caregivers showed most children were receiving less than 2 hours of support each week at assessment. The most common accessed supports were from general practitioners and pediatricians. Caregivers reported behavioral therapists (41%) and psychologists (29%) as the most desired but inaccessible child supports. Half of caregivers nominated a need for parenting interventions. The most frequent barriers to accessing child supports were wait lists, finance, and knowledge. Government funding improved access to the total number of services received (from 2.7 to 5.2 different services), but for disability specific services only (e.g., speech and occupational therapy). Results highlighted disparities for families without government funding, impacting certain groups (e.g., children over 7 years) and services (e.g., mental health). Socioeconomic disadvantage, parental separation, and, surprisingly, being from a non‐culturally/linguistically diverse background were associated with fewer services and more barriers. Results highlight the need to facilitate access to supports for families to align with existing recommendations.
Mesoscopic Model of Extrusion during Solvent‐Free Lithium‐ion Battery Electrode Manufacturing**
Authors: Paredes‐Goyes Brayan , Zanotto Franco M. , Boudeville Victor , Grugeon Sylvie , Dupont Loic , Franco Alejandro A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSolvent‐free (SF) manufacturing of lithium‐ion battery (LIB) electrodes is safer and more environmentally friendly than the traditional slurry casting approach. However, as a young technique, SF manufacturing is under development of its pathways and operation conditions. In different SF processes reported in literature, extrusion is a common step. A detailed model of this process would be extremely computationally demanding. This work proposes a novel simplified discrete element model at the mesoscopic scale for the extrusion during SF manufacturing of LIB electrodes. In addition to active material particles, we consider fluid‐like solid particles to approximate the molten polymer and the carbon additive phases. The formulation and other process parameters are taken from our experimental facility that uses extrusion to fabricate filaments for 3D printing of LIB cells. The extrusion is carried out in a conical twin screw extruder. Our approach allows to obtain representative electrode microstructures after extrusion, where electrical conductivity, ionic effective diffusivity, tortuosity factor and porosity are calculated. The model is a proof of concept that is employed to investigate the influence of the extruder speed and the cohesion level on the resulting electrode properties.
Anti‐Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity Evaluation of Natural Derived Phloroglucinol Derivatives and Their Molecular Mechanisms Study
Authors: Mai Haiyan , Li Junjian , Luo Yuyan , Ou Jiayi , Chen Gong , Ye Lianbao 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHSV‐1 is a common infection that can cause cold sores. In this study, the anti‐HSV‐1 virus activity of three series compounds A1–A9, B1–B12, C1–C22 was screened by MTT assay, qRT‐PCR assay, Western blot assay and viruses’ plaque assays. The results of MTT assay disclosed that phloroglucinol derivatives C2 and C3 effectively inhibited the death of HSV‐1 infected vero cells with the CC50 values of C2 and C3 were 72.64 μmol/L and 32.62 μmol/L in HaCaT cells, 137.6 μmol/L and 48.55 μmol/L in Hela cells. The IC50 values of C3 in vero cells and Hela cells were 19.26 μmol/L and 22.98 μmol/L, respectively. In the qRT‐PCR experiments, it showed that C2 and C3 effectively reduced the synthesis of HSV‐1 early viral gene VP16 and late viral gene gD. The Western blot results showed that both C2 and C3 inhibited the expression of HSV‐1 gD protein in a concentration‐dependent manner. Lastly, viruses’ plaque assay results showed that C2 and C3 inhibited the production of HSV‐1 progeny virus in Hela cells and HaCaT cells in a concentration‐dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that C2 and C3 are promising candidate that warrants further attention in the development of anti‐HSV‐1 drugs.
Synthesis of Porous Amorphous SiO2−Al2O3 Solid Acid Catalyst for Efficiently Catalyzing GVL Decarboxylation to Butene
Authors: Shan Weijun , Yang Ruixi , Jia Yushan , Liu Xianghan , Du Xinwei , Yu Haibiao , Xiong Ying 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this study, porous amorphous SiO2−Al2O3 (ASA(Si/Al=x)) with different Si/Al ratios was synthesized by gel‐gel method, and used to catalyze green renewable energy source γ‐valerolactone (GVL) to butene. Research indicated that all prepared catalysts had large amounts of disordered mesoporous with the pore size in range of 2–13 nm. For the optimal ASA(Si/Al=20) catalyst, its specific surface area is 430.20 m2 g−l and pore size is about 8.13 nm. Due to the presence of suitable Al species, ASA(Si/Al=20) has the largest Brønsted/Lewis ratio and 0.5554 mmol g−1 weak acid site content. Under the optimized reaction conditions, 90 % butene yield can be obtained in 180 min at 300 °C. In addition, the regeneration performance of the ASA(Si/Al=20) catalyst is also satisfactory, and the yield of butene can be above 60 % after 5th cycles. After activation, the spent catalyst can be regenerated, and about 78 % butene yield can be also obtained.