bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Medical Circumcision of Males Performed Voluntarily Uptake in Turkana County
Authors: Lokorio Ekidor Ateyo , Mwanzo Isaac , Ogweno Gordon 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Kenya is amongst six high-burden nations in Africa grappling high HIV infections. Approximately 91.2% of Kenyan men have undergone circumcision. However, male circumcision is not traditionally practiced in Turkana community with male circumcision rates ranging from 5-10%. The study's sought to identify socio-cultural factors Influencing Medical Circumcision of Males Performed Voluntarily Uptake in Turkana County.
Materials and Methods: Utilizing a researcher-administered survey, KII schedules, and a FGD guide, data was gathered. 434 males made up the sample size. An analytical cross-sectional methodology was used in the investigation. The data was analyzed with SPSS 22. Results showed that of 374 male participants in the study, 79.9% had undergone circumcision, 77.0% were aged 18-35 years, 94.1% were Christians, and 44.7% were unemployed while 54.8% were married. The overall mean scores of responses for socio-cultural factors, psychosocial factors, socio-economic factors, and information sources factors were 3.230 (neutral), 3.602 (positive), 2.894 (negative) and 3.48 (neutral), respectively.
Findings: The study found that socio-cultural factors was significant predictors of embracing VMMC. Sociocultural factors were about 0.30 times more likely to increase uptake of VMMC [OR=0.301; 95% CI: 0.081-0.52, P=0.007].
Conclusion: The study recommends that policies addressing main VMMC uptake amongst men in Turkana County should incorporate public participation, traditional leaders and local administrators for societal acceptance. There is need for effective sensitization and advocacy for behavioral change, mobilization and ownership of the initiative by the community. Policies should advocate for local leadership training.
Techniques of Subtitling Jokes from English into Arabic
Authors: Mansour Ahmed , Kharraki Abdennour 
Published: January 2024

Translating jokes from English into Arabic is a challenging task since jokes are strongly related to their languages and cultures. The task is becoming more challenging due to the subtitling rules, conventions, and constraints. The present study endeavours to investigate the translating techniques used by different Arabic subtitlers in different films to solve the technical, linguistic, and cultural problems of subtitling jokes in different American films. To achieve this pursuit we adopt Baker’s (2011) techniques for translating idioms and adapt them to meet the requirement of the subtitling of jokes’ punchlines, using a qualitative research method. The study reveals that subtitlers always translate the setting of the joke literally except for joke 4. The subtitlers use different translation techniques to render the punchlines; however, some of them fail to trigger a laugh. Unlike universal jokes, linguistic and cultural jokes are difficult to render. Besides, the subtitlers omit (the entire or part) of the joke which is inappropriate and unacceptable in the host culture.
RANCANG BANGUN PANEL SURYA SEBAGAI ALAT PENGUSIR TIKUS BERBASIS ULTRASONIC
Authors: Choifin M , Afifah Yunita Nur , Lestari Lilla Puji , Prastio Andika Yuli 
Published: January 2024

Teknologi panel surya sebagai alat pengusir tikus berbasis ultrasonic di rancang dan di hitung sesuai dengan kebutuhan guna memudahkan para petani dalam menjaga tanamannya dari serangan tikus yang merusak. Karena, Sebagian besar lahan di indonesia di jadikan sebagai lahan pertanian yang mana banyak para petani yang kerepotan dalam mengusir hama tikus yang menjadi salah satu hama utama yang merusak tanaman pangan. Dengan menggunakan panel surya 50 wp sebagai sumber energi listriknya yang nantinya cahaya matahari akan di konversikan menjadi energi listrik yang di simpan di aki dan timer theben sebagai alat untuk menyambung dan memutuskan arus yang menuju ke buzzer/ultrasonic berfrekuensi 22KHz – 85KHz yang nantinya akan menyala dan membuat tikus merasa terganggu dan lari. Hasil pada penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan tikus akan merasa terganggu dan kebingungan pada frekuensi 50KHz. Dan tegangan tertinggi pada panel surya bernilai sebesar 14,64 volt, dengan arus tertinggi memiliki nilai sebesar 1,164 A. Solar ultrasonic dapat menyala selama 12 jam pada waktu malam hari dengan tegangan sebelum beban tertinggi bernilai 5,242 volt, dan arusnya tertinggi bernilai 0,648 A. Pada pagi sampai sore harinya panel surya kembali menyerap energi matahari dan mengumpulkan energi listriknya pada baterai/aki.
Gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) for water at high pressure
Authors: Brennwald Matthias S. , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Gisiger Jocelyn , Zappone Alba , Kipfer Rolf 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Gas species are widely used as natural or artificial tracers to study fluid dynamics in environmental and geological systems. The recently developed gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) method is most useful for accurate and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in aquatic systems. GE-MIMS works by pumping water through a gas equilibrator module containing a gas headspace, which is separated from the water by a gas-permeable membrane. The partial pressures of the gas species in the headspace equilibrate with the gas concentrations in the water according to Henry's Law and are quantified with a mass spectrometer optimized for low gas consumption (miniRUEDI or similar). However, the fragile membrane structures of the commonly used equilibrator modules break down at water pressures ≳3 bar. These modules are therefore not suitable for use in deep geological systems or other environments with high water pressures. To this end, the SysMoG® MD membrane module (Solexperts AG, Switzerland; “SOMM”) was developed to withstand water pressures of up to 100 bar. Compared to the conventionally used GE-MIMS equilibrator modules, the mechanically robust construction of the SOMM module entails slow and potentially incomplete gas–water equilibration. We tested the gas equilibration efficiency of the SOMM and developed an adapted protocol that allows correct operation of the SOMM for GE-MIMS analysis at high water pressures. This adapted SOMM GE-MIMS technique exhibits a very low gas consumption from the SOMM to maintain the gas–water equilibrium according to Henry's Law and provides the same analytical accuracy and precision as the conventional GE-MIMS technique. The analytical potential of the adapted SOMM GE-MIMS technique was demonstrated in a high-pressure fluid migration experiment in an underground rock laboratory. The new technique overcomes the pressure limitations of conventional gas equilibrators and thereby opens new opportunities for efficient and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in high-pressure environments, such as in research and monitoring of underground storage of CO2 and waste deposits or in the exploration of natural resources.
Seasonal dynamics and spatial patterns of soil moisture in a loess catchment
Authors: Liu Shaozhen , van Meerveld Ilja , Zhao Yali , Wang Yunqiang , Kirchner James W. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The spatial and seasonal patterns in soil moisture and the processes controlling them in semi-arid landscapes are not well understood. Loess landscapes minimize any confounding effects of variation in soil characteristics and are thus ideal for studying topographic influences on soil moisture in drylands. In this study, volumetric soil moisture was monitored monthly for 5.5 years at 20 cm intervals between the surface and 5 m depth at 89 sites across a small (0.43 km2) catchment on the Chinese Loess Plateau. The median soil moisture was computed for each month and depth for each monitoring site as a measure of the typical soil moisture conditions. Seasonal changes in soil moisture were mainly concentrated in the shallow (0–100 cm) soil, with a clear seasonal separation between wet conditions in October–March and dry conditions in May–July, even though precipitation is highest in July–August. Soil moisture was higher on the northwest-facing slopes due to increased drying from solar radiation on the southeast-facing slopes. This effect of slope aspect was greater between October and March, when the zenith angle of the sun was lower and the aspect-dependent difference in solar radiation reaching the surface was larger. The wetter, northwest-facing slopes were also characterized by larger annual soil moisture storage changes. Soil texture was nearly uniform across both slopes, and soil moisture was not correlated with the topographic wetness index, suggesting that variations in evapotranspiration dominated the spatial pattern of soil moisture in shallow soils under both wet and dry conditions. Water balance calculations indicate that over 90 % of the annual precipitation was seasonally cycled in the soil between 0 and 300 cm, suggesting that only a minor fraction infiltrates to groundwater and becomes streamflow. Our findings may be broadly applicable to loess regions with monsoonal climates and may have practical implications for catchment-scale hydrologic modeling and the design of soil moisture monitoring networks.
COMPARISON OF LEGAL REGULATION OF A CONVERTIBLE LOAN AGREEMENT IN THE USA AND RUSSIA
Authors: ТРОФИМОВ И.П. 
Published: January 2024

Cтатья посвящена актуальным аспектам регулирования договора конвертируемого займа по законодательству России и США. Отмечается, что в американской практике договор конвертируемого займа пользуется широкой популярностью, в связи с чем была разработана и адаптирована его стандартизированная форма (договорная конструкция SAFE). В России договор конвертируемого займа является новеллой, при- кладная значимость которой не вызывает сомнений. Тем не менее в гражданском законодательстве данное соглашение не нашло отражения. Отечественные юридические сервисы предприняли попытку адаптации аме- риканского опыта в направлении разработки единого стандарта договора конвертируемого займа. Представ- ляется, что в ближайшей перспективе необходимо продолжать активную регуляторную и практическую работу в направлении совершенствования механизма применения конвертируемого займа.
This article is devoted to topical aspects of regulation of the convertible loan agreement under the legislation of Russia and the USA. It is noted that in American practice, the convertible loan agreement is widely popular, and therefore its standardized form (the SAFE contractual construction) has been developed and adapted. In Russia, the convertible loan agreement is a novel, the applied significance of which is beyond doubt. However, this agreement has not been reflected in civil legislation. Domestic legal services have attempted to adapt the American experience in the direction of developing a single standard for a convertible loan agreement. It seems that in the near future it is necessary to continue active regulatory and practical work towards improving the mechanism for applying a convertible loan.
ON THE PROBLEMS OF APPLYING INTERNATIONAL TREATIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR COUNTERING HYBRID MISMATCH ARRANGEMENTS
Authors: ХАРИН А.К. 
Published: January 2024

Данная статья посвящена анализу основных правовых и политических проблем применения существующих положений международных договоров Российской Федерации по вопросам налогообложения, направленных на противодействие гибридным налоговым схемам.
This article is devoted to the analysis of the main legal and political problems of applying the existing provisions of international tax treaties of the Russian Federation, aimed at countering hybrid mismatch arrangements.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF REASONABLENESS AND GOOD FAITH IN CIVIL LAW
Authors: ПЕРЕГУДОВА В.В. 
Published: January 2024

Понятия разумности и добросовестности очень подробно рассматриваются в нескольких поло- жениях Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации. Существует несколько факторов, которые способству- ют интересу к научным и прикладным исследованиям концепций разумности и добросовестности. Судебная практика в России показывает, что судьи, разрешая дела, руководствуются принципами разумности и добросо- вестности. Они стремятся к разумности и справедливости, учитывая интересы обеих сторон. Однако основой их решений является Гражданский кодекс. В случаях, когда Кодекс неоднозначен, судьи имеют право толковать его положения и принимать решения, учитывая вышеупомянутые принципы. Таким образом, судебная практика России сочетает добросовестность и разумность, предоставляя возможность применять закон в соответствии с конкретными обстоятельствами дела.
The concepts of reasonableness and good faith are discussed in great detail in several provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. There are several factors that contribute to the interest in scientific and applied research of the concepts of reasonableness and integrity. Judicial practice in Russia shows that judges, when resolving cases, are guided by the principles of reasonableness and good faith. They strive for reasonableness and justice, taking into account the interests of both sides. However, the basis of their decisions is the Civil Code. In cases where the Code is not unambiguous, judges have the right to interpret its provisions and make decisions, taking into account the above-mentioned principles. Thus, the judicial practice of Russia combines good faith and reasonableness, providing an opportunity to apply the law in accordance with the specific circumstances of the case.
Sobre el significado del término “revolucionario”
Authors: De Caritat Jean-Antoine-Nicolas , Menéndez Menéndez, Trad. Agustín José 
Published: January 2024

De revolución hemos derivado revolucionario; y esta palabra, con carácter general, se refiere a todo lo atinente a una revolución.
Pero el término fue creado específicamente para aplicarse a la nuestra, para la revolución que ha transformado en pocos años a uno de los países en los que el despotismo prevalecía desde más antiguo, en la única república donde la libertad ha tenido alguna vez por base una total igualdad de derechos. Así, la palabra revolucionario se aplica solo a las revoluciones que tienen por objeto la libertad.
INFLUENCE OF POLAR MODIFIERS ON THE ANIONIC SOLUTION 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATIONS
Authors: Vasconcelos Mateus K. , Mangia Lys H. R. , Alves Jessica B. , Fidalgo Juliana , Tatagiba Maxmiliano , Nicolini Luis F. , Gomes Frederico W. , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
This work addresses the critical technological challenge of producing butadiene-based synthetic rubbers with the required skid resistance through anionic polymerizations at positive temperatures. The effects of adding different polar modifiers—bis[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl] ether (BDMAE), ditetrahydrofurylpropane, tetramethylethylenediamine, sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, and sodium tert-amilate—into the monomer feed in anionic solution polymerizations of 1,3-butadiene are investigated. Different feed concentrations and combinations of polar modifiers were tested to achieve high yields and vinyl contents with initial temperature of 40 °C. The reactions were evaluated according to the obtained temperature and pressure profiles and physico-chemical characterizations of the obtained polymer, with the aid of statistical analyses. The results clearly showed the positive effects of using polar modifiers in the feed. Particularly, the combination of BDMAE and sodium salts provided products with high vinyl contents (&gt;50%mol) with high yields (&gt;80 wt%), leading to high temperature peaks (&gt;90 °C), as desired to enhance skid resistance. Moreover, the performed statistical analyses and proposed mathematical modeling revealed the existence of multivariate and complex correlations among the analyzed process variables. The findings from this investigation can be pivotal for advancing industrial applications in the production of skid-resistant synthetic rubber.
СВЯЗЬ ЭКСТЕРЬЕРА КОБЫЛ РУССКОЙ ТЯЖЕЛОВОЗНОЙ ПОРОДЫ С ИХ МОЛОЧНОЙ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Чиргин Е.Д. , Онегов А.В. , Семенов Владимир , Шашмшидин А.С. , Баймуканов Д.А. 
Published: January 2024

Молочное коневодство активно развивается в России. Одной из перспективных пород для производства кобыльего молока является русская тяжеловозная порода лошадей. Для рентабельного производства кобыльего молока нужно совершенствовать методику отбора молочных кобыл по экстерьеру. Ученые-коневоды Республики Марий Эл более сорока лет занимаются селекцией кобыл русской тяжеловозной породы по молочной продуктивности. Были проанализированы связи молочной продуктивности кобыл с их живой массой и экстерьером. Были исследованы промеры и морфологические особенности вымени дойных и не дойных (подсосных) кобыл. Было установлено, что у кобыл русской тяжеловозной породы в результате селекции по молочной продуктивности увеличивались промеры туловища и некоторые индексы телосложения. Уменьшались при этом у животных индекс массивности и индекс сбитости.У высоко молочных кобыл увеличивалась скорость роста живой массы во все периоды онтогенеза, они раньше достигали возраста физиологической зрелости и возраста наивысшей молочной продуктивности.В результате целенаправленной селекции по молочной продуктивности у кобыл русской тяжеловозной породы значительно увеличились промеры длины вымени на 49,46 %, ширины вымени на 34,00 %, глубины вымени на 30,94 %. Длина сосков у дойных кобыл увеличилась на 35,48 %, ширина сосков – на 26,67 % и расстояние между сосками – на 12,24 % в сравнении с показателями подсосных кобыл.
SOSIALISASI PUIL DAN KESELAMATAN INSTALASI LISTRIK BERTEGANGAN RENDAH, KEPADA BKM MASJID DI MASJID AGUNG KABANJAHE KABUPATEN KARO SUMUT
Authors: Fadlan Siregar Muhammad , Santri Kusuma Budhi , Ginting Zainuddin , Ibrahim Muthawali Dede 
Published: January 2024

. listrik pada umumnya seperti beban rumah tangga memiliki jenis lampu untuk penerangan, danperalatan rumah tangga, seperti kipas angin, jenis pemanas air, lemari pendingan ,AC, pompa air dan sebagainya. Beban ini biasanya memuncak pada saat di malam hari. Beban komersial, pada umumnya memeliki jeis atas penerangan untuk lainnya, jenis kipas angin, penyejuk udara dan alat – alat listrik lainnya yang diperlukan untuk pemakaian dirunagan. Beban lainnya juga diklasifikasikan sebagi beban komersial (bisnis) begitu juga di perkantoran. Beban ini secara kontiniu naik di siang hari untuk beban gedung atau sejenisnya dan pertokoan dan menurun di waktu pemakaian. Perkembangan teknologi saat ini untuk peralatan yang digunakan untuk berbagai jenis kebutuhan, secara terus menerus mengarah kepada digitalisasi di mana penggunaan pada peralatan-peralatan dahulu dioperasikan secara manual telah sekarang digantikan oleh peralatan-peralatan yang digerakkan energi listrik, pada pengabdian ini para peserta yang memahami dasar instalasi dan bahaya kebakaran akibat hubung singkat adalah sekitar 80 – 95 persen dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang dan diakhir acara para peserta mengisi hasil evaluasi pengetahuan dasar tekait materi yang sudah disampaikan
Semejanzas y diferencias del currículo en Educación Inicial en Ecuador y Colombia
Authors: Defaz Gallardo Yolanda Paola , Constante Barragán María Fernanda , Culqui Cerón Catherine Patricia , Defaz Gallardo Leslye Stefanía 
Published: January 2024

Introducción: Colombia y Ecuador poseen dos sistemas de educación inicial diferentes; sin embargo, ambos buscan alcanzar la mayor calidad académica posible. Estas diferencias están dadas principalmente por los enfoques políticos, sociales y económicos de cada país.
Objetivo: Conocer las semejanzas y diferencias del nivel de educación inicial en Colombia y Ecuador
Métodos: Esta investigación es de tipo y diseño documental con nivel explicativo se desarrolló en tres fases, las cuales fueron: planificación, desarrollo y elaboración de informe.
Resultados: Se evidenció que ambos países han logrado avances significativos en la mejora de la calidad de la educación inicial en los últimos años, reconocen que este nivel juega un papel esencial en el desarrollo del niño, hacen énfasis en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales, empatía, respeto, responsabilidad y la regulación emocional y han realizado esfuerzos para mejorar la infraestructura educativa.
Conclusiones: Se concluyó que tanto Colombia como Ecuador han logrado avances importantes en la mejora de la calidad de la educación inicial porque han reconocido que la educación temprana es importante para moldear el futuro del infante. Sin embargo, en ambas regiones existen diferencias en cuanto a los recursos disponibles en las escuelas, dependiendo de la zona del país.
Impactos das terapias neoadjuvantes no câncer de pulmão de não pequenas células: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Siqueira Douglas da Costa , De Santana Valenna Santos , Silva Paulo Victor Nascimento , Diniz Biatriz Costa , De Carvalho Bruno Mileno Magalhães 
Published: January 2024

Introdução: As terapias neoadjuvantes vêm se apresentando como uma estratégia promissora frente a determinados tipos de câncer, a citar o Câncer de Pulmão de Não Pequenas Células (CPNPC), com repercussões clínicas interessantes para a melhora da sobrevida dos pacientes. Desenvolvimento: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, em que foram utilizadas as bases de dados PUBMED, LILACS e MEDLINE, selecionando artigos dos últimos cinco anos e que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão. Foram selecionados 13 artigos. Os estudos analisados retrataram o papel promissor da terapia neoadjuvante, quando adicionada ao tratamento monoterápico. Ademais, observou-se melhora do prognóstico em associar terapia neoadjuvante à ressecção cirúrgica, se comparada à cirurgia primária. Destaca-se toxicidade geral aceitável e sem resultados pós-operatórios adversos. Conclusões: a terapia neoadjuvante, em diferentes modalidades, parece ser promissora na sobrevida dos pacientes com o CPNPC ressecável, se comparada aos tratamentos já existentes.
Impact of irrigation and nitrogen management on crop performance, yield and economics of sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>) inKandahar region of Afghanistan
Authors: YON HIKMATULLAH , PARIHAR C M , MOHAMMADI NORULHAQ , JAT S L , MEENA B R , PATRA KIRANMOY , NAYAK H S , KUMAR KAMLESH , PARIHAR M D , MAKAKZAI MOHAMMAD YAR , MANDAL B N , SINGH RAJ 
Published: January 2024

In Afghanistan the information on the performance of sorghum crop to applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer coupled with water management are still scarce. Therefore, a field study was carried out during rainy (kharif) season of 2020 at the research farm of Afghanistan National Agricultural Science and Technology University, Kandahar, Afghanistan. Kandahar in collaboration with ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi evaluated the effect of different irrigation scheduling and nitrogen management options on growth, yield and economics of sorghum. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications consisting of 3 irrigation schedules in main-plots and 4-N rates in sub-plots. Growth parameters of sorghum, viz. plant height, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate and leaf area index were significantly increased by N120 and N80 compared to N0 plots. Significantly superior yields, viz. seed yield (1546 and 1476 kg/ha), straw yield (5546 and 5467 kg/ha), biological yield (7092 and 6943 kg/ha) and harvest index (21.3 and 21.8%) were observed with N120 and N80 plots, respectively. The N120 and N80 plots remained at par with each other with respect to net B:C ratio (1.87). However, the highest production efficiency (14.7 kg biomass/day) and monetary efficiency (773.90 AFN/day) was obtained with N120 plots. Therefore, the findings of present study suggest that N application @80 kg/ha could be a viable option to attain higher productivity, farm profitability and input-use efficiency irrespective of 2 or 3 irrigations in sorghum in Kandahar region of Afghanistan.