bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower left atrial function in young individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy controls: an echocardiographic study
Authors: Fridolfsson Cecilia , Thegerström Johanna , Åkesson Karin , Engvall Jan , Blomstrand Peter 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn adulthood, individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus may develop a condition of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. However, subclinical changes to the heart in diabetes are likely to occur prior to the clinical presentation. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare left atrial function by echocardiography between 43 individuals with type 1 diabetes and 43 healthy controls, aged 10–30 years. All participants underwent echocardiography and 2D speckle tracking measurements for left atrial phase function parameters. Physical capacity was assessed by exercise test on a bicycle. Results showed that participants with type 1 diabetes had significantly lower left atrial function parameters than healthy controls (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between HbA1c means and reservoir and conduit strain (p < 0.05) and individuals with BMI < 30 showed a lower left atrial stiffness (p < 0.05). Individuals with type 1 diabetes and a higher physical capacity did not differ from their healthy peers. Results indicate that lower HbA1c levels, BMI < 30 and a higher physical capacity are favourable in terms of left atrial function in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Left atrial strain by echocardiography might become a new important tool in assessing heart function in T1DM.
Traditional potato tillage systems in the Peruvian Andes impact bacterial diversity, evenness, community composition, and functions in soil microbiomes
Authors: García-Serquén Aura L. , Chumbe-Nolasco Lenin D. , Navarrete Acacio Aparecido , Girón-Aguilar R. Carolina , Gutiérrez-Reynoso Dina L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe soil microbiome, a crucial component of agricultural ecosystems, plays a pivotal role in crop production and ecosystem functioning. However, its response to traditional tillage systems in potato cultivation in the Peruvian highlands is still far from understood. Here, ecological and functional aspects of the bacterial community were analyzed based on soil samples from two traditional tillage systems: 'chiwa' (minimal tillage) and 'barbecho' (full tillage), in the Huanuco region of the Peruvian central Andes. Similar soil bacterial community composition was shown for minimal tillage system, but it was heterogeneous for full tillage system. This soil bacterial community composition under full tillage system may be attributed to stochastic, and a more dynamic environment within this tillage system. 'Chiwa' and 'barbecho' soils harbored distinct bacterial genera into their communities, indicating their potential as bioindicators of traditional tillage effects. Functional analysis revealed common metabolic pathways in both tillage systems, with differences in anaerobic pathways in 'chiwa' and more diverse pathways in 'barbecho'. These findings open the possibilities to explore microbial bioindicators for minimal and full tillage systems, which are in relationship with healthy soil, and they can be used to propose adequate tillage systems for the sowing of potatoes in Peru.
Fluorescence-guided minimally-invasive resection of abdominal paragangliomas using indocyanine green
Authors: van Dam M. A. , Crobach A. S. L. P. , Boekestijn B. , Corssmit E. P. M. , Bonsing B. A. , Vahrmeijer A. L. , Mieog J. S. D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis retrospective study explores the utility of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) in enhancing the intraoperative identification and guidance for the resection of abdominal paragangliomas. They can be challenging to detect during minimally invasive surgery, due to their anatomical location, varying size and similar appearance in regard to their surrounding tissue. Patients with suspected abdominal paragangliomas planned for a minimally-invasive resection were included. As part of standard of care they received single intravenous dose of 5 mg ICG after abdominal exploration. NIR fluorescence imaging of the anatomical region of the suspected lesion was performed immediately following intravenous administration, to assess fluorescence signals, intraoperative identification, and histopathological correlation. Out of five resected suspicious lesions, four were imaged with NIR fluorescence, pathology confirming four as paragangliomas, the latter turned out to be an adrenal adenoma. NIR fluorescence identified all four lesions, surpassing the limitations of white-light visualization. Homogeneous fluorescence signals appeared 30–60 s post-ICG administration, which lasted up to 30 min. The study demonstrates the feasibility and potential clinical value of fluorescence-guided minimally-invasive resections of abdominal paragangliomas using a single intravenous ICG dose. These findings support the scientific basis for routine use of ICG-fluorescence-guided surgery in challenging anatomical cases, providing valuable assistance in lesion detection and resection.
Effects of testing speed on the tensile and mode I fracture behavior of specimens printed through the Fused Deposition Modeling technique
Authors: Zhan Jiangtao , Cai Jie , Hasani Reza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) processes are known as revolutionary manufacturing processes that fabricate a part using a 3D model layer upon layer. These techniques gained more attention from various industries due to their advantages like low waste material. Also, these processes can produce any part with high degrees of complexity in a short period of time. The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process is a material extrusion-based technique which works by extruding a fine molten polymeric filament through a heated nozzle on the heated platform named printer bed. In this method, some important manufacturing parameters play a crucial role in controlling the mechanical properties and quality of the final fabricated part. However, all printed specimens through the FDM process should be tested based on the standards under some critical circumstances. Thus, in the current research paper, five and three test speeds are considered in tensile and fracture testing procedures, respectively to evaluate how these speeds can affect the mechanical and mode I fracture properties. Also, as the FDM specimens present elastic–plastic behavior, the critical value of J-integral is assumed as a fracture assessment and calculated from the finite element analysis. Among the mechanical properties, ultimate tensile strength is affected significantly by the test speed. For instance, the ultimate tensile strength of FDM specimens is 39.02, 38.58, 42.33, 48.09, and 52.11 for test speeds of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm/min, respectively. But vice-versa results are detected for the mode I fracture behavior and corresponding values of J for the FDM-PLA specimens. Finally, experimental and numerical results together with comprehensive discussions about the considered speeds and obtained results are reported.
Contrasting sensitivity of air temperature trends to surface soil temperature trends between climate models and reanalyses
Authors: Qiao Yumeng , Wang Guojie , Hagan Daniel Fiifi Tawia , Lim Kam Sian Kenny Thiam Choy , Chen Liangzhi , Aalto Juha , Li Shijie , Zou Xiao , Lu Jiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe sensitivity strength of air temperature (T) to surface soil temperature (sST) (namely β hereafter) constitutes a significant factor in how global climate models quantify changes in the climate. This study examines how this sensitivity is represented in the CMIP6 models. Results show regional differences and even contrasts in the β trends at interannual scales between climate models and two reanalysis products during 1980–2014. At high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), β is stronger in the CMIP6 models than in the reanalysis data. Additionally, the β trends differ between the CMIP6 and reanalysis data, which may be related to the different precipitation (PR) and soil water availability (PR-ET) trends between the models. In the regions of increasing β intensity at high latitudes in the NH, sST is more sensitive to PR and PR-ET. Consequently, increasing PR and PR-ET leads to slower sST changes, potentially making β intensity stronger in CMIP6 models. However, in the reanalysis data, decreases in PR and PR-ET accelerate sST changes, leading to a weakening of the β intensity. A resulting implication is that β, based on high-emission scenarios, shows a stronger trend during 2015–2100, although this trend could potentially be overestimated. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the sensitivity of T to sST and facilitate the assessment of energy exchange between the land surface and the atmosphere in climate models.
Distinct spatiotemporal patterns of cortical thinning in Alzheimer’s disease-type cognitive impairment and subcortical vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Kim Jonghoon , Park Yu-hyun , Yoo Heejin , Kim Jun Pyo , Jang Hyemin , Park Hyunjin , Seo Sang Won 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrevious studies on Alzheimer’s disease-type cognitive impairment (ADCI) and subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) has rarely explored spatiotemporal heterogeneity. This study aims to identify distinct spatiotemporal cortical atrophy patterns in ADCI and SVCI. 1,338 participants (713 ADCI, 208 SVCI, and 417 cognitively unimpaired elders) underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), amyloid positron emission tomography, and neuropsychological tests. Using MRI, this study measures cortical thickness in five brain regions (medial temporal, inferior temporal, posterior medial parietal, lateral parietal, and frontal areas) and utilizes the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model to predict the most probable subtype and stage for each participant. SuStaIn identifies two distinct cortical thinning patterns in ADCI (medial temporal: 65.8%, diffuse: 34.2%) and SVCI (frontotemporal: 47.1%, parietal: 52.9%) patients. The medial temporal subtype of ADCI shows a faster decline in attention, visuospatial, visual memory, and frontal/executive domains than the diffuse subtype (p-value < 0.01). However, there are no significant differences in longitudinal cognitive outcomes between the two subtypes of SVCI. Our study provides valuable insights into the distinct spatiotemporal patterns of cortical thinning in patients with ADCI and SVCI, suggesting the potential for individualized therapeutic and preventive strategies to improve clinical outcomes.
Nodal superconductivity in miassite Rh17S15
Authors: Kim Hyunsoo , Tanatar Makariy A. , Kończykowski Marcin , Grasset Romain , Kaluarachchi Udhara S. , Teknowijoyo Serafim , Cho Kyuil , Sapkota Aashish , Wilde John M. , Krogstad Matthew J. , Bud’ko Sergey L. , Brydon Philip M. R. , Canfield Paul C. , Prozorov Ruslan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSolid state chemistry has produced a plethora of materials with properties not found in nature. For example, high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates is drastically different from the superconductivity of naturally occurring metals and alloys and is frequently referred to as unconventional. Unconventional superconductivity is also found in other synthetic compounds, such as iron-based and heavy-fermion superconductors. Here, we report compelling evidence of unconventional nodal superconductivity in synthetic samples of Rh17S15 (Tc = 5.4 K), which is also found in nature as the mineral miassite. We investigated the temperature-dependent variation of the London penetration depth Δλ(T) and the disorder evolution of the critical superconducting temperature Tc and the upper critical field Hc2(T) in single crystalline Rh17S15. We found a T − linear temperature variation of Δλ(T) below 0.3Tc, which is consistent with the presence of nodal lines in the superconducting gap of Rh17S15. The nodal character of the superconducting state is supported by the observed suppression of Tc and Hc2(T) in samples with a controlled level of non-magnetic disorder introduced by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation. We propose a nodal sign-changing superconducting gap in the A1g irreducible representation, which preserves the cubic symmetry of the crystal and is in excellent agreement with the derived superfluid density. To the best of our knowledge, this establishes miassite as the only mineral known so far that reveals unconventional superconductivity in its clean synthetic form, though it is unlikely that it is present in natural crystals because of unavoidable impurities that quickly destroy nodal superconductivity.
The role of reducibility vis-à-vis oxygen vacancies of doped Co3O4/CeO2 in the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Roy Saraswati , Dahiya Preeti , Mandal Tapas Kumar , Roy Sounak 
Published: February 2024

CeO2 aids Ce4+ → Ce3+ reduction, facilitating Co2+ → Co3+ oxidation in Co3O4 during OER's positive potential. Intermediate Co3+ lowers activation energy, boosting OER kinetics.
Performance evaluation in cataract surgery with an ensemble of 2D–3D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Tanin Ummey , Duimering Adrienne , Law Christine , Ruzicki Jessica , Luna Gabriela , Holden Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAn important part of surgical training in ophthalmology is understanding how to proficiently perform cataract surgery. Operating skill in cataract surgery is typically assessed by real‐time or video‐based expert review using a rating scale. This is time‐consuming, subjective and labour‐intensive. A typical trainee graduates with over 100 complete surgeries, each of which requires review by the surgical educators. Due to the consistently repetitive nature of this task, it lends itself well to machine learning‐based evaluation. Recent studies utilize deep learning models trained on tool motion trajectories obtained using additional equipment or robotic systems. However, the process of tool recognition by extracting frames from the videos to perform phase recognition followed by skill assessment is exhaustive. This project proposes a deep learning model for skill evaluation using raw surgery videos that is cost‐effective and end‐to‐end trainable. An advanced ensemble of convolutional neural network models is leveraged to model technical skills in cataract surgeries and is evaluated using a large dataset comprising almost 200 surgical trials. The highest accuracy of 0.8494 is observed on the phacoemulsification step data. Our model yielded an average accuracy of 0.8200 and an average AUC score of 0.8800 for all four phase datasets of cataract surgery proving its robustness against different data. The proposed ensemble model with 2D and 3D convolutional neural networks demonstrated a promising result without using tool motion trajectories to evaluate surgery expertise.
Perinatologische Kompetenznetzwerke: Die Versorgung von Schwangeren
und Neugeborenen in einer Region
Authors: Rüdiger Mario , Reichert Jörg , Schmitt Jochen , Birdir Cahit 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie gesundheitliche Versorgung von Schwangeren und deren Neugeborenen steht mit
Geburtenrückgang und Fachkräftemangel vor großen
Herausforderungen. In der aktuellen Diskussion um Zukunftskonzepte wird
häufig die mit den Mindestmengen verbundene Zentralisierung und die
notwendige Absicherung einer Versorgung in der Fläche als Zielkonflikt
konstruiert. Vielmehr sind Konzepte erforderlich, Schwangeren und deren Kindern
auch in der Zukunft eine wohnortnahe Versorgungsgerechtigkeit zu garantieren. Am
Beispiel des Zentrum für feto/neonatale Gesundheit wird gezeigt,
wie die Partner in einer Region gemeinsam überörtlich und
krankenhausübergreifend die Versorgung während der
Schwangerschaft, unter der Geburt und während der Neonatalperiode
sichern können. Die enge Kooperation von Maximalversorger mit regionalen
Partnern ermöglicht eine flächendeckende gesundheitliche
Versorgung. Gleichzeitig ermöglicht die Zusammenarbeit,
Krankenhäuser als attraktive Arbeitgeber in strukturschwachen Regionen
zu halten und junge Familien mit Bedarf an medizinischen Leistungen rund um die
Schwangerschaft und Geburt durch gute wohnort- und arbeitsplatznahe
familiäre und soziale Einbindung flächendeckend zu versorgen.
Dabei sind die übergeordneten Ziele des Zentrum für
feto/neonatale Gesundheit eine optimale, leitliniengerechte, fach- und
sektorenübergreifende Versorgung von Schwangeren und Früh- bzw.
kranken Neugeborenen in der Region, ein fächer- und
strukturübergreifender Ausbau der Forschung, sowie strukturierte Aus-,
Fort- und Weiterbildung auf dem Gebiet der Pränatal- und Geburtsmedizin
sowie Neonatologie. Zur Sicherstellung der Versorgung im Sinne der Value based
Health Care ist es wichtig, diese Konzepte auszubauen, auf andere
Versorgungsgebiete zu übertragen und langfristig zu evaluieren. Nur so
kann die Versorgungsgerechtigkeit Schwangerer bzw. Neugeborener auch
künftig gewährleistet werden.
Perioperative Insulin Pump Therapy Decreases Readmission Risk and
Improves Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Wang Kun , Bai Fang , Chen Xiaopan , Miller Joshua D. , Chen Xue , Yun Chuan , Sun Zhenzhen , Yuan Xiaodan , Lou Qingqing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the impact of temporary insulin pump use during
hospitalization on glycemia, postoperative complications, and
cost/utilization in perioperative patients with diabetes.
Methods Patients (n=159) with type 2 diabetes and hospitalized for
elective surgery were recruited from three hospitals. Subjects were categorized
into the insulin pump group and the multiple daily subcutaneous insulin
injection group according to their treatment therapy. Data were collected at
admission, discharge, and 3 months post-discharge.
Results Subjects in the CSII group who were still on insulin therapy
transitioned from CSII to MDII; however, their daily insulin dosages were lower
than those in the MDII group (15.31±10.98 U/d vs.
23.48±17.02 U/d, P=0.015) after discharge. In terms of
medical costs, the CSII group had significantly higher hospitalization costs
than the MDII group (112.36±103.43 thousand RMB vs. 82.65±77.98
thousand RMB, P=0.043). After 3 months, the CSII group had significantly
lower outpatient costs than the MDII group (3.17±0.94 thousand RMB vs.
3.98±1.76 thousand RMB, P ˂ 0.001). In the MDII group,
10 patients reported severe postoperative complications requiring
re-hospitalization; there were no similar reports in the CSII group.
Conclusion Temporary use of insulin pump therapy for perioperative
patients with diabetes results in a reduction in blood glucose and blood glucose
fluctuation during hospitalization, HbA1c, and the risk of postoperative
complication and readmission, thus significantly decreasing costs in this
complex patient cohort. Further work is needed to better understand indications
for utilizing pump therapy based on diabetes phenotype and the complexity of
planned surgical intervention.
Ellenbogen und Schultergelenksarthritis – eine
„jurassic world“ der Rheumatologie?
Authors: Arbogast Martin 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungEine Mitbeteiligung des Ellenbogen- oder Schultergelenks bei einer
entzündlich-rheumatischen Grunderkrankung zu erkennen kann
anfänglich schwierig und meist erst in späten Stadien gegeben.
Neben der unerlässlichen klinischen Untersuchung haben MRT und die
Sonographie in der Erstdiagnostik die Röntgenuntersuchung
abgelöst. Insbesondere die Sonographie mit oder ohne Powerdoppler
bestätigt den klinischen Verdacht einer Mitbeteiligung an beiden
Gelenken zuverlässig. Die entzündlich verbreiterte Synovialis
mit Zottenformationen und Ergussbildung beweisen den frühen Befall. Die
rasche Optimierung der immunsupprimierenden medikamentösen Therapie in
Kombination mit lokal entzündungshemmenden Maßnahmen
können operative Konsequenzen hinauszögern. Engmaschige
Kontrollen in 3-monatigen Intervallen gewährleisten den
längerfristigen Gelenkerhalt. Bei therapieresistenten Gelenken kann die
arthroskopische oder offene Synovialektomie bis zu einem radiologischen
Larsenstadium III indiziert sein. Eine ergänzende Indikation zwischen
Stadium III und IV stellt die erweiterte Synovialektomie mit Radiuskopfresektion
am Ellenbogen dar, die bei schmerzhafter Pro- und Supination eine dauerhafte
Alltagstauglichkeit wiederherstellen kann. Bei einem ausgeprägterem
Destruktionsgrad IV und V ist die Endoprothetik an Schulter wie auch am
Ellenbogen erfolgreich.
Friedel–Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Aldehydes/Ketones Catalyzed by Bromodiarylethene-Based Photoacid Generators
Authors: Shirinian Valerii Z. , Zakharov Alexey V. , Timofeeva Sofia M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiarylethenes (DAEs) with a bromine atom at the ring-closing position catalyze C–C bonding reactions induced by UV or sunlight. Upon photo-irradiation, bromodiarylethenes undergo 6π-electrocyclization (6π-EC), followed by the release of an acid species that catalyzes the double Friedel–Crafts addition of indoles to aldehydes and isatins to form the corresponding triarylmethanes and 3,3′-diarylindolin-2-ones. This protocol is applicable to a wide spectrum of aldehydes and isatins, as well as chalcones as electrophiles. Acid or oxidant-sensitive functional groups, such as ferrocene, 4-methoxyphenyl, thiophene, pyrrole are tolerated. Mechanistic studies show that light is needed to initiate the reaction.
Prevalence of endoscopy-related injuries and their impact on clinical practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Achintya D. , Aggarwal Nishant , Mohan Babu P. , Madhu Deepak , Song Gengqing , Bhatt Amit , Chahal Prabhleen , Landsman Marc 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries (ERIs) are commonly reported but their exact prevalence and clinical impact remain obscure. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current literature aiming to answer these questions.
Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases were searched for studies evaluating ERIs in gastroenterologists and surgeons. The co-primary outcome was the prevalence of ERIs (i.e. carpal tunnel syndrome, de Quervain’s tenosynovitis, and hand numbness). The second co-primary outcome was the prevalence of endoscopy-related pain syndromes.
Results 12 studies, including 4563 respondents, were included. The majority of respondents were men (n = 3321; 72.8%) and most were right-handed (86.2%). The career prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (pooled from 10 studies) was 5.3% (95%CI 1.5%–8.9%; I
2 = 97.1%), while the prevalence of de Quervain’s tenosynovitis (five studies) was 8.5% (95%CI 0.1%–17.0%). The pooled prevalences of thumb pain, neck pain, and back pain were 25.4%, 23.1%, and 19.7%, respectively, but the prevalence varied according to the type of questionnaire used. Only 341/864 respondents (39.5%) had received prior training in ergonomics, while 623/889 respondents (70.1%) expressed a desire for further training in ergonomics. Overall, there is a moderate risk of bias in the present literature.
Conclusion ERIs, including carpal tunnel syndrome, de Quervain’s tenosynovitis, and endoscopy-related pain, are very common. These injuries can be severe, requiring surgery, and lead to loss of productivity. Most gastroenterologists report an unmet need for training in the proper ergonomics of endoscopy.