bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes and outcomes of implantable collamer lens explantation in patients with corneal endothelial cell loss
Authors: Yoon Hye Yeon , Byun Yong-soo , Kim Hyun Seung , Chung So-Hyang 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the correlated factors of corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) loss and ECD change in implantable collamer lens (ICL) explantation patients.

Setting:
Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.

Design:
Retrospective analysis.

Methods:
The study cohort consisted of 93 eyes from 50 patients who underwent ICL explantation. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the ocular parameters associated with ECD loss, while percentage of ECD change (ΔECD%) was monitored up to 6 months postoperatively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to set cutoff values of ocular parameters to prevent ECD loss after explantation.

Results:
In multiple regression analysis, high vaulting, high vaulting/anterior chamber depth (ACD), low anterior chamber angle (ACA), and high iris pigmentations are the significant factors of ECD loss. At postoperative 6 months, 14 eyes (15.1%) had decrease (10.5% loss), 47 eyes (51.0%) were stationary, and 32 eyes (34.4%) had increase (12.7% gain) of ECD. The ROC curve analysis showed that vaulting had the highest area under the curve (AUC = 0.822), followed by vaulting/ACD (AUC = 0.821), ECD (AUC = 0.753), and ACA (AUC = 0.723) (all P < .01). Preoperative ECD showed a sensitivity of 77.6% and specificity of 86.7% in preventing ECD loss after explantation, with a cutoff value of 1722 cells/mm2, as determined by ROC curve analysis.

Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated that high vaulting is a significant factor in ECD loss among ICL-inserted patients. To prevent continuous ECD loss in ICL patients, close monitoring of ECD and making appropriate decisions regarding explantation may be necessary.
Impact of anterior capsule polishing on capsule opacification and capsule bend after age-related cataract surgery
Authors: Huang Feng , Tong Wentao , Wang Dandan , Guan Weichen , Zhang Zhewen , Zhao Yun-e 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of anterior capsule polishing on postoperative capsule opacification and capsular bend in patients with age-related cataract displaying normal axial length.

Setting:
Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University at Hangzhou.

Design:
Prospective self-controlled trial.

Methods:
Patients with age-related cataracts aged 56 to 84 years displaying normal axial length were enrolled. Before surgery, a coin-toss method was used to randomly select 1 eye for intraoperative 360 degrees anterior capsule polishing (polishing group); the contralateral eye received no treatment (control group). Capsular bend index (CBI), anterior capsule opacification (ACO), posterior capsule opacification (PCO), and anterior capsule opening area (ACOA) were recorded at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively using swept-source optical coherence tomography and slitlamp examination.

Results:
21 patients (42 eyes) were enrolled. Within-group comparisons showed that both groups had significant differences in CBI between 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, and between 6 months and 12 months postoperatively (P < .05). Between-group comparisons revealed a significant difference in CBI at 1 week postoperatively (P < .05); at 12 months postoperatively, there was a significant difference in ACOA (P < .05). There were no significant between-group differences regarding ACO or PCO at any timepoint (P > .05).

Conclusions:
For patients with age-related cataracts and normal axial length, 360 degrees anterior capsule polishing can delay early capsular bag deformation without increasing the risks of ACO and PCO. This approach can also limit contraction of the anterior capsule opening.
Clinical outcomes of epithelial basement membrane dystrophy after keratorefractive lenticule extraction
Authors: Kim Bu Ki , Chung Young Taek 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To determine the clinical outcomes of keratorefractive lenticule extraction (KLEx) in eyes with epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD) that developed after surgery.

Setting:
Onnuri Smile Eye Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.

Design:
Retrospective single-center study.

Methods:
This study reviewed the medical records of 26 eyes of 16 patients who exhibited signs of EBMD after KLEx. Postoperatively, corneal findings and visual outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analyses were also performed on eyes without corneal complications after KLEx.

Results:
Signs of EBMD were first observed within 1 week postoperatively in 22 eyes (84.6%): 6 eyes (23.1%) showed epithelial defects, 10 eyes (38.5%) showed subepithelial corneal opacity, 5 eyes (19.2%) showed diffuse lamellar keratitis, and 1 eye (3.9%) showed epithelial ingrowth. Symptoms such as pain, while corneal lesions were present, occurred in 21 eyes (80.8%). At 3 months postoperatively, 21 eyes (80.8%) showed no specific findings on slitlamp microscopy after medical treatment, 2 eyes (7.7%) showed subepithelial corneal opacity, 2 eyes (7.7%) showed corneal scar, and 1 eye (3.9%) showed epithelial ingrowth. Uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/25 or better in 24 eyes (92.3%), and spherical equivalent was within ±1.0 D in 20 eyes (76.9%). The efficacy index of the EBMD group did not significantly differ from the control group, while the safety index was significantly lower.

Conclusions:
Manifestations of EBMD can occur after KLEx and can affect clinical outcomes. Most cases showed favorable results with appropriate nonsurgical treatment; however, some cases had long-term complications such as corneal scarring.
Predicting operative time for metabolic and bariatric surgery using machine learning models: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kang Dong-Won , Zhou Shouhao , Niranjan Suman , Rogers Ann , Shen Chan 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Predicting operative time is essential for scheduling surgery and managing the operating room. This study aimed to develop machine learning (ML) models to predict the operative time for metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and to compare each model.

Methods:
The authors used the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program database between 2016 and 2020 to develop ML models, including linear regression, random forest, support vector machine, gradient-boosted tree, and XGBoost model. Patient characteristics and surgical features were included as variables in the model. The authors used the mean absolute error, root mean square error, and R2 score to evaluate model performance. The authors identified the 10 most important variables in the best-performing model using the Shapley Additive exPlanations algorithm.

Results:
In total, 668 723 patients were included in the study. The XGBoost model outperformed the other ML models, with the lowest root mean square error and highest R2 score. Random forest performed better than linear regression. The relative performance of the ML algorithms remained consistent across the models, regardless of the surgery type. The surgery type and surgical approach were the most important features to predict the operative time; specifically, sleeve gastrectomy (vs. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) and the laparoscopic approach (vs. robotic-assisted approach) were associated with a shorter operative time.

Conclusions:
The XGBoost model best predicted the operative time for MBS among the ML models examined. Our findings can be useful in managing the operating room scheduling and in developing software tools to predict the operative times of MBS in clinical settings.
Predictive factors for alteration of diastolic function in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Miri Chaymae , Bouchlarhem Amine , Bouazzaoui Mohammed-Amine , Hbali Anass , Abda Naima , Bazid Zakaria , Ismaili Nabila , El Ouafi Noha 
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Diastolic dysfunction is common in patients with myocardial infarction and is associated with a poor prognosis. Our aim in this study is to describe diastolic function and identify factors predictive of worsening diastolic function in patients admitted in the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Materials and methods:
This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cohort study performed at the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital of Oujda between November 1, 2018 and October 31, 2019 including patients who presented with STEMI. Echocardiographic results were recorded to assess diastolic function within 48 hours of STEMI. The study population was divided into two groups: Group I (normal diastolic function n=49) and Group II (diastolic dysfunction n=141).

Results:
Our study included 204 patients, 155 (76%) of whom were men. The mean age was 63 years (SD=11), 69% of patients had diastolic dysfunction, 24.5% of whom had elevated left ventricular filling pressure. Data analysis showed that diabetes (P=0.011), previous anterior myocardial infarction location (P=0.05), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (P<0.001), left ventricular hypertrophy (P=0.002), high blood glucose on admission (P=0.02) and anemia (P=0.017) were independent predictors of diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusion:
Knowledge of these predictive factors is important for early detection of those at risk of developing heart failure and requiring strict clinical and echocardiographic monitoring.
Evidence Based Management of Labor
Authors: Zambrano Guevara Linda M. , Buckheit Caledonia , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Gray Beverly , Dotters-Katz Sarah 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Importance
Induction of labor (IOL) is a common obstetric intervention. Augmentation of labor and active management of the second stage is frequently required in obstetric practice. However, techniques around labor and induction management vary widely. Evidence-based practice regarding induction and labor management can reduce birth complications such as infection and hemorrhage and decrease rates of cesarean delivery.

Objective
To review existing evidence on IOL and labor management strategies with respect to preparing for induction, cervical ripening, induction and augmentation, and second stage of labor techniques.

Evidence acquisition
Review of recent original research, review articles, and guidelines on IOL using PubMed (2000–2022).

Results
Preinduction, pelvic floor training and perineal massage reduce postpartum urinary incontinence and perineal trauma, respectively. Timely membrane sweeping (38 weeks) can promote spontaneous labor and prevent postterm inductions. Outpatient Foley bulb placement in low-risk nulliparous patients with planned IOL reduces time to delivery. Inpatient Foley bulb use beyond 6 to 12 hours shows no benefit. When synthetic prostaglandins are indicated, vaginal misoprostol should be preferred. For nulliparous patients and those with obesity, oxytocin should be titrated using a high-dose protocol. Once cervical dilation is complete, pushing should begin immediately. Warm compresses and perineal massage decrease risk of perineal trauma.

Conclusion and relevance
Several strategies exist to assist in successful IOL and promote vaginal delivery. Evidence-based strategies should be used to improve outcomes and decrease risk of complications and cesarean delivery. Recommendations should be shared across interdisciplinary team members, creating a model that promotes safe patient care.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
Discuss the current evidence and best practices regarding prelabor interventions to improve delivery outcomes; describe evidence-based methods of cervical ripening; outline data-driven practices to progress induction; and explain methods to improve birth outcomes and reduce risks in the second stage of labor.
Detection of Reduced Diameter of the Cochlear Nerve in Long-term Deaf Patients Quantified With Semiautomatic Measurement of Nerve Cross-sectional Area Using 3T MRI Data
Authors: Reimann Katrin , Klose Uwe , Ehrenpfordt Ulrike , Thangavelu Kruthika , Schulze Maximilian 
Published: January 2024

Hypothesis:
High-resolution parallel transmit T2 sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution sequence with improved edge discrimination and semiautomatic determination of nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) can be used to evaluate nerve degeneration in the inner auditory canal (IAC) in long-term deaf patients.

Background:
In patients with hearing loss, temporal bone MRI is routinely acquired to evaluate the morphology of the nerves within the IAC. Earlier studies have shown that the diameter of the cochlear nerve can be used as prognostic marker for the auditory performance after cochlear implantation in postlingually deaf patients.

Methods:
Eighty-two consecutive MRI scans were analyzed using a semiautomatic tool to measure CSA of cranial nerves in the IAC. Results were correlated with patient history and audiology testing as well as with age and gender.

Results:
There was a significant reduced CSA of the cochlear nerve in ears with moderate-to-profound hearing loss and deafness compared with ears with normal hearing, but no significant difference in ears with mild-to-moderate hearing loss compared with normal hearing. In detail, normal hearing ears had a CSA of 1.23 ± 0.11 mm2, whereas ears with pantonal hearing loss of more than 40 dB had 1.02 ± 0.05 mm2 (P = 0.026). Maximal CSA of the facial nerve was not different among all groups (average, 1.04 mm2 ± 0.03; linear regression, P = 0.001) and stable with age. However, vestibular nerve CSA decreased significantly with age (average, 1.78 ± 0.05 mm2; linear regression, P = 0.128).

Conclusions:
In long-term deaf patients, smaller the diameter of cochlear nerve is the more severe the hearing loss is. The new semiautomatic tool can primarily be used to assess nerve diameter and possibly determine ears with nerve degeneration.
Rhode Island (RI) Women's Breast Cancer Mammography Use Prior to and After Cancer Diagnosis: Linkage of RI Cancer Registry Data With RI All-Payer Claims Database
Authors: Vyas Ami , Kamat Shweta , Oh Junhie 
Published: January 2024

Objective:
A limitation of the central cancer registries to examine associations between mammography use and cancer diagnosis is their lack of cancer screening history. To fill this measurement gap, Rhode Island Cancer Registry (RICR) breast cancer (BC) records were linked to Rhode Island-all-payer claims database (RI-APCD) to study Rhode Island (RI) women's regular mammography use and identify its predictors.

Methods:
From the linked 2011-2019 data, we identified 4 study cohorts: (1) women who ever received mammography by Women's Cancer Screening Program (WCSP) and were diagnosed with BC (“WCSP-BC” cohort: n = 149), (2) women diagnosed with BC outside of WCSP (BC-control cohort: n = 4304), (3) women with a history of mammography use at WCSP but no BC diagnosis (n = 6513), and (4) general RI women with no BC diagnosis (n = 15 121). Logistic regressions were conducted to identify predictors of regular mammography use.

Results:
The linkage for RI-APCD and RICR for our study had a high matching rate of 82%. Mammography use prior to BC diagnosis was not different between the WCSP-BC cohort and the BC-control cohort (58% vs 57%). Women in the BC-control cohort who had mammography in 2 years prior to their cancer diagnosis were more likely of being diagnosed at an early-stage disease. Among BC-control group, women with no anxiety/depression or with no preventive examinations were less likely of regular mammography use. Among women with no BC, a lower proportion of women with a history of screening at WCSP had regular mammography use, compared with the general RI women (38% vs 66%).

Conclusion:
RI-APCD data linkage with RICR provides excellent opportunities to examine regular mammography use among RI women and compare their outcomes to the general women population in the state. We identified opportunities for improving their mammography use. A measurement gap in the central cancer registries can be effectively reduced by utilizing statewide claims database.
Spectrum of Thoracic Imaging Findings in the Setting of Substance Abuse
Authors: Gann Lauren S. , Kunin Jeffrey R. , Ebada Mohamed , Walker Christopher M. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Substance abuse continues to be prevalent nationwide and can lead to a myriad of chest pathologies. Imaging findings are vast and can include nodules, masses, ground-glass opacities, airspace disease, and cysts. Radiologists with awareness of these manifestations can assist in early identification of disease in situations where information is unable to be obtained from the patient. This review focuses on thoracic imaging findings associated with various forms of substance abuse, which are organized by portal of entry into the thorax: inhalation, ingestion, and injection.
Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma Complicating Familial Mediterranean Fever on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Fayand Antoine , Kerrou Khaldoun , Wendum Dominique , Grateau Gilles , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A 77-year-old man with a personal history of familial Mediterranean fever presented with a slowly enlarging tumefaction of the left abdominal wall and persistent inflammatory syndrome despite good adherence to colchicine. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a hypermetabolic muscular mass of the abdominal wall along with other hypermetabolic lesions including a peritoneal mass and several subcutaneous soft tissue nodules. CT-guided needle biopsy led to the diagnosis of a muscular localization of a malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, which is an extremely rare complication of familial Mediterranean fever. Six courses of chemotherapy with carboplatin and pemetrexed allowed an almost complete response.
False-Positive Metastatic Bone Disease on FDG PET/CT Due to Multilevel Tophaceous Gout of the Spine
Authors: Drazyk Anna , Loh Han , Bui Chuong , Ding Pei , Mansberg Robert 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A 74-year-old woman was referred for 18F-FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of incidental CT finding of expansile destruction of left L4/5 facet joint with associated soft tissue mass concerning for a metastatic deposit. The FDG PET/CT revealed variable abnormally increased FDG activity involving multiple facet joints in all regions of the spine with corresponding expansile “punched-out” lytic lesions with sclerotic rims and overhanging margins on CT, raising the possibility of inflammatory polyarthropathy, including gout, as a differential diagnosis. Dual-energy CT of lumbar spine and CT-guided biopsy and culture of the left L4/5 facet joint demonstrated the presence of urate crystal deposition with no evidence of malignancy or infection, confirming the diagnosis of multilevel tophaceous gout of the spine.
FDG-Avid Periprosthetic Particle Disease Mimicking Osteosarcoma Recurrence
Authors: Dong Ziqian , Guo Ziyu , Guan Meichao , Zhang Yingjie , Xie Peng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A 24-year-old man with a history of osteosarcoma presented with swelling in his right thigh for more than 1 year. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated increased FDG uptake in multiple juxtacortical masses around the prosthesis, which highly suggested the possibility of osteosarcoma recurrence. A biopsy was performed, and the pathology confirmed the diagnosis of particle disease. The current case indicates that particle disease should be considered when interpreting the PET/CT images with high FDG uptake around the prosthesis.
Intracranial Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor Detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Shi Qinwen , Cheng Junjun , Zhang Yue , Su Minggang 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
A 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan was conducted to locate the causative tumor responsible for suspected tumor-induced osteomalacia in a 56-year-old woman. The PET/CT images showed a focus in the right occipital region. Subsequent MRI showed an extra-axial nodule in the right occipital region, mimicking a meningioma. Although rare, an intracranial phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor was still suspected because of the typical clinical settings. Finally, phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor was confirmed by the postoperative pathology.
Comparison of Lugano Criteria Versus RECIL and PERCIST as Prognostic Factors in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Tang Pan , Cui Futao , Jiang Chong , Zhou Yushan , Su Minggang , Tian Rong 
Published: January 2024

Objective
This study aimed to compare the criteria of the Lugano, RECIL, and PERCIST for prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Patients and Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 335 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. All patients underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT. Among them, 252 and 213 patients underwent interim PET/CT (I-PET/CT) and end-of-treatment PET/CT (EoT-PET/CT), respectively. Scans were interpreted by 2 nuclear medicine physicians using Lugano, RECIL, and PERCIST. RECIL and PERCIST were compared with Lugano for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
All 3 response criteria could be used to predict PFS and OS. In I-PET/CT, the concordance index of Lugano in predicting PFS and OS was higher than that of RECIL (both P = 0.043) or PERCIST (P = 0.008 and P = 0.034, respectively). In EoT-PET/CT, the concordance index of Lugano for predicting PFS and OS was similar to RECIL and not significantly different from PERCIST (P = 0.597 and P = 0.231, respectively).

Conclusions
For I-PET/CT, using the Lugano criteria is more accurate than RECIL or PERCIST in predicting PFS and OS. However, for EoT-PET/CT, the PERCIST criteria are minimally better.
AI-enabled Left Atrial Volumetry in Cardiac CT Scans Improves CHARGE-AF and Outperforms NT-ProBNP for Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation in Asymptomatic Individuals: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Naghavi Morteza , Yankelevitz David , Reeves Anthony P. , Budoff Matthew J. , Li Dong , Atlas Kyle C. , Zhang Chenyu , Atlas Thomas L. , Lirette Seth , Wasserthal Jakob , Henschke Claudia , Defilippi Christopher , Heckbert Susan R. , Greenland Philip 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundCoronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported.MethodsWe have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC), taking on average 21 seconds per CAC scan, to 5535 asymptomatic individuals (52.2% women, ages 45-84) that were previously obtained for CAC scoring in the baseline examination (2000-2002) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We used the 5-year outcomes data for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and compared the time-dependent AUC of AI-CAC LA volume with known predictors of AF, the CHARGE-AF Risk Score and NT-proBNP (BNP). The mean follow-up time to an AF event was 2.9±1.4 years.ResultsAt 1,2,3,4, and 5 years follow-up 36, 77, 123, 182, and 236 cases of AF were identified, respectively. The AUC for AI-CAC LA volume was significantly higher than CHARGE-AF or BNP at year 1 (0.836, 0.742, 0.742), year 2 (0.842, 0.807,0.772), and year 3 (0.811, 0.785, 0.745) (p<0.02), but similar for year 4 (0.785, 0.769, 0.725) and year 5 (0.781, 0.767, 0.734) respectively (p>0.05). AI-CAC LA volume significantly improved the continuous Net Reclassification Index for prediction of AF over years 1-5 when added to CAC score (0.74, 0.49, 0.53, 0.39, 0.44), CHARGE-AF Risk Score (0.60, 0.28, 0.32, 0.19, 0.24), and BNP (0.68, 0.44, 0.42, 0.30, 0.37) respectively (p<0.01).ConclusionAI-CAC LA volume enabled prediction of AF as early as one year and significantly improved on risk classification of CHARGE-AF Risk Score and BNP.