bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landslide susceptibility zonation using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in the Great Xi’an Region, China
Authors: Liu Xiaokang , Shao Shuai , Shao Shengjun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aims to delineate landslide susceptibility maps using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the Great Xi’an Region, China, which is a key planning project for urban construction in Shaanxi Province, China from 2021 to 2035. Multiple data as elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, river density, soil, lithology, and land use have been considered for delineating the landslide susceptibility maps. Spatially thematic layers and distributed maps of all the aforementioned parameters were created in a GIS environment. Determine the relative importance of these thematic layers in the occurrence of landslides in the study area concerning historical landslide data to assign appropriate weights. Landslide sensitivity maps were generated by a weighted combination in a GIS environment after being analyzed by the AHP method. The sensitivity maps were categorized as “very high (11.06%), high (19.41%), moderate (23.03%), low (28.70%), and very low (17.80%)”. Overlay analysis of the test data with the LSM showed that the moderate to very high landslide susceptibility zones were able to contain 82.58% of the historic landslides. The results of the study help determine the landslide-prone areas in the area and provide a reference for subsequent construction. In addition, the analysis of landslide susceptibility in the area contributes to the study of landslides in similar loess sites.
Comparative analyses of Netherton syndrome patients and Spink5 conditional knock-out mice uncover disease-relevant pathways
Authors: Petrova Evgeniya , López-Gay Jesús María , Fahrner Matthias , Leturcq Florent , de Villartay Jean-Pierre , Barbieux Claire , Gonschorek Patrick , Tsoi Lam C. , Gudjonsson Johann E. , Schilling Oliver , Hovnanian Alain 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNetherton syndrome (NS) is a rare skin disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 (SPINK5) gene. Disease severity and the lack of efficacious treatments call for a better understanding of NS mechanisms. Here we describe a novel and viable, Spink5 conditional knock-out (cKO) mouse model, allowing to study NS progression. By combining transcriptomics and proteomics, we determine a disease molecular profile common to mouse models and NS patients. Spink5 cKO mice and NS patients share skin barrier and inflammation signatures defined by up-regulation and increased activity of proteases, IL-17, IL-36, and IL-20 family cytokine signaling. Systemic inflammation in Spink5 cKO mice correlates with disease severity and is associated with thymic atrophy and enlargement of lymph nodes and spleen. This systemic inflammation phenotype is marked by neutrophils and IL-17/IL-22 signaling, does not involve primary T cell immunodeficiency and is independent of bacterial infection. By comparing skin transcriptomes and proteomes, we uncover several putative substrates of tissue kallikrein-related proteases (KLKs), demonstrating that KLKs can proteolytically regulate IL-36 pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our study thus provides a conserved molecular framework for NS and reveals a KLK/IL-36 signaling axis, adding new insights into the disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Multichannel nitrogen-doped carbon fiber confined Fe3C nanoparticles for efficient electroreduction of nitrate
Authors: Zhang Fangzhou , Shi Zhangsheng , Chen Junliang , Luo Hongxia , Chen Jun , Yang Jianping 
Published: February 2024

A novel 1D hierarchical architecture with dispersed Fe3C nanoparticles confined in multichannel nitrogen-doped carbon fibers (Fe3C/MNCFs) is reported as efficient NO3RR electrocatalyst. The Fe3C/MNCFs-800 demonstrates the nitrate conversion of 90.9%, N2 selectivity of 99.53%, for up to 15 cycles.
A “pre-traumatic stress syndrome”: trauma and war in Elizabeth Bowen’s The Last September and The Heat of the Day
Authors: He Qiong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a modernist writer writing through the two World Wars and witnessing the decline of British imperial power through the decay of her own class, the Anglo-Irish Ascendancy, most of Elizabeth Bowen’s (1899–1973) writing is that of trauma. Many critics have suggested that modernist writing provides a response to the traumas of the era and resonates with the Freudian model of trauma, which regards the syndrome of traumatic events as post-traumatic. This essay challenges the previous studies regarding modernist writing of trauma as post-traumatic, by introducing Saint-Amour’s concept of a “pre-traumatic stress syndrome” to study Bowen’s two novels about wars, The Last September and The Heat of the Day. The essay holds that in Bowen’s writing, anticipation and anxiety arising before the war can also inflict psychic damage, just like the actual war. The essay demonstrates how Bowen’s writing about wars adds a new approach to literary trauma studies, which have concentrated almost solely on the aftermath of catastrophes or violence. Interpreting Bowen’s writing as pre-trauma not only provides a better understanding of the psychological condition of people during the wars but brings a new perspective to trauma studies as well.
Research on the development of principles for designing elementary English speaking lessons using artificial intelligence chatbots
Authors: Han Jihee , Lee Dongyub 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of developing principles for designing elementary English speaking lessons using artificial intelligence chatbots. To achieve this, design and development research methods were applied, and initial design principles and detailed guidelines were developed through a review of relevant literature. Subsequently, the design principles were modified and refined through two rounds of expert validation and usability evaluation. The research results yielded a total of 10 principles for designing elementary English speaking lessons using artificial intelligence chatbots, including: 1) principle of media selection, 2) principle of creating a learning environment, 3) principle of content restructuring, 4) principle of stimulating and sustaining interest and motivation, 5) principle of providing guidance, 6) principle of scaffolded learning support, 7) principle of individualized feedback provision, 8) principle of fostering a learning environment that supports growth and development, 9) principle of communication and collaboration, and 10) principle of learning management. Additionally, a set of 24 detailed guidelines necessary for implementing each lesson design principle was developed. Based on the research findings, the principles for designing elementary English speaking lessons using artificial intelligence chatbots, as well as the theoretical and practical implications of the study, were discussed. Finally, the limitations of the research were identified, and suggestions for future research were proposed.
Chinese university EFL learners’ English for General Academic Purposes: relationships between target needs and self-efficacy
Authors: Wang Feifei , Geng Xiaohui , Han Jiying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo prepare university students for better participation in global academic activities and address learners’ needs for greater proficiency in academic English, English for General Academic Purposes (EGAP) courses are provided in many Chinese universities. This study investigates the characteristics of and relationships between university English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ target needs and self-efficacy in China’s EGAP context. With a sample of 1340 EFL learners from four Chinese universities, the results indicated high levels of target needs but low levels of self-efficacy of EGAP among the Chinese university EFL learners. Students at a research-oriented university demonstrated higher levels of target needs and self-efficacy than their counterparts at teaching-oriented universities. Medical students demonstrated higher levels of lacks and wants than students in other majors. Structural equation modelling analysis showed positive relationships between Chinese learners’ necessities and self-efficacy in EGAP. Learners’ lacks had significantly negative relationships with self-efficacy, while their wants had inconsistent relationships with the five dimensions of self-efficacy. The findings deepen our understanding of learners’ target needs and have implications for enhancing learners’ self-efficacy in the EGAP context.
Experimental evidence for ultrashort-lived spin polarons in EuSe
Authors: van Kooten S. C. P. , Henriques A. B. 
Published: February 2024

We investigated the time evolution of the density of giant spin polarons in a magnetic semiconductor. Spin polarons (SPs) were photoexcited and observed using time-resolved Faraday rotation. We find the existence of two types of SPs, a short-lived spin polaron with a lifetime of around τsl = 0.5 ns and a long-lived spin polaron with a lifetime of τll = 0.45 ± 0.03 µs, at T = 5 K. The stark difference of three order of magnitude between these lifetimes suggests that in the long lived SP the electron-hole pair is relaxed and its recombination is forbidden. The short-lived SP is probably associated with SP recombination before such relaxation has occured. An extraordinary finding is that the magnitude of τsl, as well as its decrease with increasing temperature, reproduces exactly the characteristic time for SP growth. This suggests that the thermal fluctuations, responsible for SP magnetic moment growth, are also responsible for increasing the recombination probability of SPs.
Quantum interference in superposed lattices
Authors: Feng Yejun , Wang Yishu , Rosenbaum T. F. , Littlewood P. B. , Chen Hua 
Published: February 2024

Charge transport in solids at low temperature reveals a material’s mesoscopic properties and structure. Under a magnetic field, Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations inform complex quantum transport phenomena that are not limited by the ground state characteristics and have facilitated extensive explorations of quantum and topological interest in two- and three-dimensional materials. Here, in elemental metal Cr with two incommensurately superposed lattices of ions and a spin-density-wave ground state, we reveal that the phases of several low-frequency SdH oscillations in

σ
xx

(

ρ
xx

)

and

σ
yy

(

ρ
yy

)

are no longer identical but opposite. These relationships contrast with the SdH oscillations from normal cyclotron orbits that maintain identical phases between

σ
xx

(

ρ
xx

)

and

σ
yy

(

ρ
yy

)

. We trace the origin of the low-frequency SdH oscillations to quantum interference effects arising from the incommensurate orbits of Cr’s superposed reciprocal lattices and explain the observed

π

-phase shift by the reconnection of anisotropic joint open and closed orbits.
Revolutionizing animal sciences: Multifaceted solutions and transformative impact of AI technologies
Authors: Talebi Ebrahim , Nezhad Maryam Khosravi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) has markedly bolstered productivity, especially in agriculture, mitigating environmental impacts like greenhouse gas emissions. This shift employs a range of tech, like IT, sensors, robotics, and AI, boosting output while curbing negative effects. Challenges persist, notably food scarcity and climate threats for a growing global population. By 2050, two billion more people will need sustenance, necessitating urgent agricultural innovation. This article reviewed databases from 1985 to 2023 (Google Scholar, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge), analyzing AI’s role in agriculture. Keywords like AI, precision feeding, welfare, animal husbandry, and management were used for systematic literature review. Findings highlight AI’s pivotal role in addressing global food shortages. Investment in emerging tech, especially AI, is crucial for a sustainable food supply.
Pockets, jumps and filaments: classifying ionic motion and determining the role of structure in electrochemical properties of 2Li2S-GeS2 superionic glasses
Authors: Micoulaut Matthieu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The structural properties of a typical solid electrolyte system (2Li2S-GeS2) is investigated from First principles molecular dynamics simulations. Results reveal that depolymerization of the base GeS2 network by alkali additives takes place but appears reduced with respect to the corresponding sodium analog glass. Experimental structure functions are reproduced and reveal that the network is dominated by GeS

4

/

2

tetrahedra that are connected by edges (four-membered rings) and corners and disrupted by the addition of lithium, albeit a non-negligible fraction of connecting tetrahedra (Q
2 units) are still present in the glass structure. Dynamic and electric properties are also studied and emphasize that the size of the migrating cation (Li) is essential for ensuring a good level of ionic conductivity as it displays increased values with respect to the parent Na-bearing system. On the atomic (picosecond) timescale, different typical Li trajectories are identified and their distribution calculated: reduced cage-like motion in pockets constrained by the surrounding (Ge,S) network, back and forth jump motions with short transition states and long-range filamentary motion.
Theory for magnetic impurity modes in two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnetic films
Authors: Komorowski Peter G , Cottam Michael G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A spin-wave analysis is developed to calculate the energies of the localized excitations occurring in two-dimensional ferromagnetic van der Waals monolayers when a substitutional magnetic impurity is introduced. The magnetic ions lie on a bipartite honeycomb lattice (similar to that for graphene) and the theory includes the effects of both Ising anisotropy and single-ion anisotropy to stabilize the magnetic ordering perpendicular to the atomic plane at low temperatures. A Dyson-equation formalism, together with the spin-dependent Green’s functions derived for van der Waals monolayers, is employed to evaluate the existence conditions and energies for the impurity modes, which lie above the band of spin-wave states of the pure host material. For realistic parameter values it is found that typically two impurity modes may exist, depending on the spin quantum number for the magnetic impurity atom. Numerical applications are made to CrI3 and Cr2Ge2Te6 as the host materials.
Influence of the magnetic field on the nucleation and properties of 0-degree domain walls in uniaxial films with inhomogeneous magnetoelectric interaction
Authors: Vakhitov R M , Nizyamova A R , Solonetsky R V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the behavior of 0°-domain walls arising in uniaxial magnetic films with a flexomagnetoelectric (FME) effect in a magnetic field. It is shown that at certain magnetic field orientations, it is possible to significantly enhance (or weaken) the degree of manifestation of the FME effect in the studied films. In addition, by varying the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field, it is possible to significantly lower (up to zero) the value of the critical electric field at the origin of this inhomogeneity. It is also established that the 0°-domain wall of the non-Neel type, in which induced bound charges do not create a resultant field (field shielding); when a magnetic field is directed perpendicular to the plane of rotation of magnetic moments, a FME effect occurs, which increases with increasing magnitude of the magnetic field.
C, Ge-doped h-BN quantum dot for nano-optoelectronic applications
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Van , Ha Chu Viet 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Emerging materials, particularly nanomaterials, constitute an enduring focal point of scientific inquiry, with quantum dots being of particular interest. This investigation is centered on elucidating the exceptional structural, electromagnetic, and optical characteristics of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) quantum dots and h-BN quantum dots doped with carbon (C) and germanium (Ge). The employed methodology in this study hinges on density functional theory coupled with the Vienna Ab initio simulation package. The outcomes of this research unveil the structural stability of hexagonal honeycomb structures upon optimization. Comprehensive examinations encompassing structural properties, electromagnetic characteristics, and charge density variations have been systematically conducted. Furthermore, this work delves into the elucidation of multi-orbital hybridizations that give rise to σ bonds and π bonds. Notably, the outcomes of the optical property analysis divulge intriguing observations. Specifically, the absorption coefficient exhibits zero values within select energy ranges within the visible light spectrum, a phenomenon observed in both pristine and C-doped configurations. This discovery underscores the material’s optical transparency at these specific radiation energies. Additionally, the 0x and 0y components of the dielectric function display negative values across particular energy ranges, a characteristic that holds significant promise for potential applications in nanotechnology communications, offering minimal energy loss.
Long indium-rich InGaAs nanowires by SAG-HVPE
Authors: Chereau Emmanuel , Grégoire Gabin , Avit Geoffrey , Taliercio Thierry , Staudinger Philipp , Schmid Heinz , Bougerol Catherine , Trassoudaine Agnès , Gil Evelyne , LaPierre Ray R , André Yamina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate the selective area growth of InGaAs nanowires (NWs) on GaAs (111)B substrates using hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). A high growth rate of more than 50 μm h−1 and high aspect ratio NWs were obtained. Composition along the NWs was investigated by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy giving an average indium composition of 84%. This is consistent with the composition of 78% estimated from the photoluminescence spectrum of the NWs. Crystal structure analysis of the NWs by transmission electron microscopy indicated random stacking faults related to zinc-blende/wurtzite polytypism. This work demonstrates the ability of HVPE for growing high aspect ratio InGaAs NW arrays.
Unification of spatiotemporal quantum formalisms: mapping between process and pseudo-density matrices via multiple-time states
Authors: Liu Xiangjing , Jia Zhian , Qiu Yixian , Li Fei , Dahlsten Oscar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We consider the relation between three different approaches to defining quantum states across several times and locations: the pseudo-density matrix (PDM), the process matrix, and the multiple-time state approaches. Previous studies have shown that bipartite two-time states can reproduce the statistics of bipartite process matrices. Here, we show that the operational scenarios underlying two-time states can be represented as PDMs, and thereby construct a mapping from process matrices with measurements to PDMs. The existence of this mapping implies that PDMs can, like the process matrix, model processes with indefinite causal orders. The results contribute to the unification of quantum models of spatiotemporal states.
Enhancement of aerodynamic performance of a bristled wing by elliptic cylinders
Authors: Zhang Wanqiu , Liang Daxing , Tan Dongwen , Mei Yaochen , Zhou Xinping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Enhancing the aerodynamic performance of bristled wings is an important topic for small flying robotics. This paper numerically investigates this situation at very low Reynolds numbers by using elliptic cylinders as the bristles instead of circular cylinders. Optimal configuration of the bristled wing with five elliptic cylinders is obtained, which corresponds to the maximum lift. The results show that, compared with the case of circular cylindrical bristles, the aerodynamic performance of the elliptical bristles can be enhanced effectively. The enhancement can be more significant as the aspect ratio of the ellipses increases and the gap width decreases. The bristled wing generates more lift compared to a flat-plate wing with a length five times that of the major axis of an ellipse. For the cases that the attack angle α for the whole wing is equal to those for the elliptical bristles θ, the optimal attack angle for ellipses maximizing the total lift force of the five-bristle model is between 40° and 45°. For α ≠
θ with the Reynold number Re ≪ 0.1, the optimal ellipse attack angle is between 40° and 45°. For α ≠
θ with Re∼ 1, the optimal ellipse attack angle deviates heavier from the range between 40° and 45° at some α values and reaches approximately 32° at α = 20°. This paper can lay a foundation for optimal design of small flying robotics and enhancement of flow through porous structures in future.
Optimizing the temporal and spatial resolutions and light throughput of Fresnel incoherent correlation holography in the framework of coded aperture imaging
Authors: Arockiaraj Francis Gracy , Xavier Agnes Pristy Ignatius , Gopinath Shivasubramanian , Rajeswary Aravind Simon John Francis , Juodkazis Saulius , Anand Vijayakumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) is a well-established digital holography technique for 3D imaging of objects illuminated by spatially incoherent light. FINCH has a higher lateral resolution of 1.5 times that of direct imaging systems with the same numerical aperture. However, the other imaging characteristics of FINCH, such as axial resolution, temporal resolution, light throughput, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), are lower than those of direct imaging systems. Different techniques were developed by researchers around the world to improve the imaging characteristics of FINCH while retaining the inherent higher lateral resolution of FINCH. However, most of the solutions developed to improve FINCH presented additional challenges. In this study, we optimized FINCH in the framework of coded aperture imaging. Two recently developed computational methods, such as transport of amplitude into phase based on the Gerchberg Saxton algorithm and Lucy–Richardson–Rosen algorithm, were applied to improve light throughput and image reconstruction, respectively. The above implementation improved the axial resolution, temporal resolution, and SNR of FINCH and moved them closer to those of direct imaging while retaining the high lateral resolution. A point spread function (PSF) engineering technique has been implemented to prevent the low lateral resolution problem associated with the PSF recorded using pinholes with a large diameter. We believe that the above developments are beyond the state-of-the-art of existing FINCH-scopes.