bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF BI-DIRECTIONAL ENDOSCOPY IN THE EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA VISITING THE KURDISTAN CENTER FOR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY (KCGH)
Authors: Ahmed Ali , Al-Karboly Taha , Mohammed Mohammed , Raheem Araz , Mohamed Muhsin 
Published: December 2023

Background
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anemia worldwide. IDA occurs in 2-5% of adult men and postmenopausal women in the developed world and is a common reason for gastroenterology referral. Bi-directional endoscopy is required to identify the cause of iron deficiency anemia.
Objectives
To assess different upper and lower gastrointestinal causes of IDA in patients who attend Kurdistan Centre for Gastroenterology and Hepatology diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and referred for endoscopy.
Patients and Methods
It is a cross-sectional study implemented in the Kurdistan centre of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (KCGH) in Sulaimani City, Kurdistan region-Iraq for one year from 1st October 2020 to 30th September 2021 on a sample of one hundred and seventy patients with iron deficiency anemia. The diagnosis and severity classification of iron deficiency anemia was done according to the World Health Organization definition and classification. The gastrointestinal Specialist in the centre implemented the bi-directional endoscopy.
Results
The diagnostic yield of esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings of iron deficiency anemia patients 51.8% were gastropathy (41%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (32%), gastric ulcer (6%), duodenal ulcer (4%), hiatus hernia (4%), celiac sprue (4%), gastric antral vascular ectasia (3%), tumour (3%) and others (3%). While the diagnostic yield of colonoscopy findings of iron deficiency anemia patients, 43.5% were haemorrhoids (42%), polyps (37%), ulcers (12%), colorectal tumour (5%), and diverticulosis (5%).
Conclusion
Bi-directional endoscopy is safe in diagnosing and evaluating patients with iron deficiency anemia with high diagnostic yields.
VISUAL OUTCOME AND SELF-SATISFACTION AFTER CATARACT SURGERY IN PATIENTS ATTENDING SHAHEED DR. ASO HOSPITAL, SULAIMANIYAH CITY, IRAQ
Authors: Hamasalh Bakhtiar 
Published: December 2023

Background
Cataract is a natural lens opacification and the leading cause of reversible blindness. Globally, it causes 50-90% of all blindness in developing countries. However, there are no available methods to prevent or treat cataracts rather than surgery; thus, greater attention is needed to guarantee the adequate performance of the surgery.
Objectives
To detect the cataract surgery visual outcome and the patient’s satisfaction in Sulaimaniyah city, regardless of induced changes in corneal curvatures, size of the pupil, depth of the anterior chamber, and intraocular lens properties.
Patients and Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 patients who attended Shaheed Dr. Aso hospital after cataract surgery. We interviewed the patients and obtained their clinical information at least three months postoperatively. Patient satisfaction was measured as unfair, fair, reasonable, and sound. In addition, with clinical data from our questionnaire, we assessed factors associated with poor outcomes. Then, visual acuity (VA) was measured and announced as borderline, exemplary, or excellent.
Results
The mean age of participants who underwent cataract surgery was 63.74±11.2 years, of which 63.7% were female. We found that the postoperative mean VA gradually decreased with age. We also compared the obtained data with vision satisfaction. Consequently, we found that patient satisfaction was significantly correlated with the visual outcome.
Conclusion
The visual outcome was excellent in younger patients, those done in private sectors, and patients with no ocular comorbidities. Patient satisfaction was strongly related to their graphic work.
BEDNAR’S APHTHAE IN INFANTS IN DUHOK; A PROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Haleem Azad , Abdulrahman Nareen , Atrushi Akrem 
Published: December 2023

Background
Bednar’s aphthae are small shallow ulcers at the margin of the palate of newborns. They primarily result from the traumatic action of a bottle teat or the nipple of the mother’s breast during feeding. More recently, an immune process has been hypothesized to explain its pathogenesis.
Objectives
To study the clinical features, the associated factors, and the time of healing of Bednar’s aphthae in Duhok.
Patients and Methods
This study was conducted from January 1st, 2020, to February 1st, 2021. It enrolled 17 newborns and infants diagnosed with Bednar’s aphthae through clinical examination while undergoing routine health checkups. Information about sex, delivery mode, age, birth weight, gestational age, perinatal problems, feeding method, feeding habits, type of milk (formula, breast milk, or both), and using a pacifier or not were obtained from mothers through direct interviews. Through the use of a tongue depressor, the palate was visualized. In addition, parents were educated on how to posture the patient while feeding properly. Four weeks later, a follow-up visit was for the ulcers’ course follow-up.
Results
Male is the predominant gender. Vaginal delivery was the most common. All the participants were full-term with normal birth weights. The age at which diagnosis was made ranged from 14 to 60 days. Most of them were formula-fed. In 15 patients (88.23%), feeding was in a horizontal posture; 11 (64.7%%) had weak sucking, 10(58.82%) had prolonged feeding time, and 13(76.47%) used pacifiers. The location is marginal in 12 cases (70.58%). The shape was oval in 13 patients (76.47%), and the healing time ranged from 1 week to 4 weeks. The largest ulcer was 2x2 cm, and the smallest was 0.2x0.3 cm.
Conclusion
Bednar’s aphthae are self-limiting disorders in newborns and infants. Mechanical and immunologic factors can be responsible for their pathogenesis. Health education for mothers can help the healing of the ulcers and prevent their recurrence.
Motivação de universitários para exercer o papel de professor voluntário em um cursinho popular
Authors: Sassi Carolina , Alves José Humberto , Pereira Andrea Ruzzi 
Published: December 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender a motivação dos universitários que atuam como voluntários em um cursinho popular e avaliar a autopercepção de bem-estar. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, realizado com uma análise de conteúdo em estudantes dos cursos de graduação de uma universidade federal por meio de entrevistas virtuais. Os resultados revelaram três categorias principais de motivação: satisfação pessoal, desenvolvimento profissional e desejo de auxiliar o próximo. Os voluntários perceberam a intersecção entre ajudar os alunos e encontrar satisfação pessoal, enquanto também destacaram o impacto positivo na relação professor-aluno. Em conclusão, a motivação para o voluntariado é multifacetada, incluindo a gratificação de ajudar e desenvolver habilidades, mas enfrentar obstáculos contextuais impactando o bem-estar pessoal e a relação professor-aluno.
Learning by doing: A teaching paradigm for active learning in Islamic high school
Authors: Susanto  , Desrani Ayu , Ritonga Apri Wardana , Ramli  , Lubis Maesaroh , Nurdin  
Published: December 2023

This research aims to explore the paradigm of applying learning by doing to create active learning in Islamic education. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods was used in this study. Data collection begins with qualitative data and continues with quantitative data. This flow is also known as exploratory sequential design. The study's findings indicate that the use of learning by doing in Islamic education creates a supportive and adaptable learning environment where students can develop their critical thinking, collaboration and communication skills through firsthand experience and other people's teachings. Second, learning by doing has a positive influence on students in Islamic education. The findings of the quantitative data analysis in the test (paired sample t-test) demonstrate a substantial difference between the results before and after implementing learning by doing performance-based learning. The degrees of freedom (dk), the magnitude of which is N-1 as well as 40-1 = 39 are the basis for determining the value of the t-table. The value of degrees of freedom 39 at a significant level of 5% is obtained by t-table 1.684. The results can be obtained with a count greater than the t-table namely 16,701 > 1,684 and Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05 based on the results of the analysis of the t-test (paired sample t-test). So, it can be concluded that learning by doing can improve the ability to think creatively, logically, systematically and critically.
DİEGETİK İSTİLA: 20. YÜZYIL TİYATROSUNDA MİMETİK TEMSİLİN DEFORMASYONU
Authors: AKIM Melike Saba 
Published: December 2023

1980’li yılların önde gelen tiyatro akademisyenleri, tiyatronun Antik Yunan’dan beridir diegesis ile karşıtlık
oluşturan mimesis aracılığıyla biçimlendiğini, buna karşılık sahnenin diegetik bir evrenle çerçevelendiğini
öne sürerler. Burada metninin tiyatrodaki hâkim konumu ve tiyatronun “söz söyleme”ye dayalı logosmerkezci
yapılanması vurgulanır. Diegesis ve mimesis kavramları bu noktada Aristotelesçi bir bağlamda, geniş
anlamlarıyla kullanılır. Öte yandan terimler günümüzde daha çok anlatıbiliminin dolayıma soktuğu dar
anlamlarıyla, anlatının kipleri düzeyinde ele alınmaktadır.
Bu makalede, terimler anlatıbiliminin tayin etiği dar anlamlarıyla ve 20. yüzyılın tiyatro akademisince
sürdürülen tartışmanın aksine bir yerden kullanıldığında karşılaşılan tabloyu değerlendirmek
amaçlanmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmada öncelikle diegesis ve mimesis terimlerinin dar ve geniş
anlamlarıyla kullanımından doğan terminolojik karmaşa serimlenmiştir. Çalışmanın temel odağı olan 20.
yüzyıl tiyatrosunda mimetik sahnenin diegesis yoluyla istilaya uğrayışı ise oyunları “anlatma” moduyla
karakterize olan Gertrude Stein ve Heiner Müller örnekleriyle açımlanmıştır. Son olarak, 20. yüzyılda
diegesisin baskın bir unsur olarak öne çıkışının yapısal sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.
BENZERLİK VE FARKLILIKLAR EKSENİNDE TASARIM SÜRECİ VE DİJİTAL ÖYKÜLEME
Authors: YILDIRIM CORUK İpek 
Published: December 2023

Bir düşünce doğrultusunda tasarlama eylemini ve bu eylem sonucu ortaya çıkan ürünü meydana getiren
adımları ifade eden tasarım süreci, tasarım eğitimi stüdyo ortamlarının özünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu süreçte
takip edilebilecek yöntem ve düşünce yaklaşımları ise her zaman sorgulanan konular arasındadır. Çalışma ile
bu konuya tasarım eğitimi literatüründe yeni bir kavram olan dijital öyküleme üzerinden yaklaşılmaktadır.
Belirli bir konuya yönelik bilgi vermek amacıyla oluşturulan dijital öyküler özünde, öykü ve dijital medya
bileşenlerinden oluşan anlatılardır. Eğitimle ilgili alanlarda katkıları yönüyle çokça araştırma olan dijital
öykülemenin tasarım eğitimi alanında henüz yeterince yer etmemiş olması çalışmanın çıkış noktasını
oluşturmaktadır. Bu nedenle nitel araştırma metoduyla oluşturulan çalışmada dijital öyküleme konusunda
mekân tasarımı eğitimi literatürüne farkındalık kazandırmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu farkındalığı kazandırmak
adına dijital öyküleme ve tasarım sürecinin benzeşen ve ayrışan yönleri analiz edilmiştir. Bahsi geçen analizler
üzerinden dijital öykülemenin tasarım sürecine nasıl entegre edilebileceği, tasarım stüdyosu ortamlarında
faydalanma biçimleri ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma ile tasarım süreci ve dijital öykülemenin örtük bilgiyi
görünür kılma, bir problem ya da çıkış noktası doğrultusunda şekillenme ve benzer süreç aşamalarını
barındırma yönleriyle kesiştiği ancak iki kavram arasında farklılıklar da olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuç,
tasarım süreci ve dijital öyküleme ilişkisini ortaya koymakta, bu sayede dijital öykülemeden faydalanmak
isteyenler için teorik çerçeve oluşturmaktadır.
İnovasyon ve Yeşil Yönetim Bağlamında Toplum 5.0
Authors: KAYMAKCI Turgay 
Published: December 2023

21. yüzyılda yaşanılan hızlı değişim; bilimsel, teknolojik, ekonomik, politik, ekolojik ve sosyal yaşam alanlarını etkilemiştir. Bu durum, örgütlerin çevresindeki tehdit ve değişimleri fırsata çevirebilme becerisinin önemini daha da arttırmıştır.
Avusturyalı bir ekonomist, siyaset bilimci ve sosyolog Joseph Alois Schumpeter, inovasyonu teknolojik ilerlemenin birincil kaynağı olarak görmektedir. Ona göre, yenilikçi girişimciler eskiyi yok eden ve sürekli yeni şeyler ortaya koyan yaratıcı-yıkım döngüsünün ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktaydı. Bilimsel, teknolojik ve iletişim araçlarındaki hızlı gelişmeler, küresel çapta benimsenmiş olan Toplum 5.0 yaklaşımını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu yaklaşımın ortaya çıkardığı gelişme ve değişmeler çerçevesinde sürdürülebilirlik kavramının yaşanabilir bir dünya açısından ön plâna çıktığı görülmektedir. Günümüzde sürdürülebilir bir dünya için Yeşil Yönetim ve Yeşil İnovasyon kavramlarının İnovasyon çalışmalarında gündeme gelmeye başladığı görülmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, günümüz paradigması olan Toplum 5.0, Yeşil Yönetim ve Yeşil İnovasyon kavramlarına dikkat çekilerek bu kavramların doğru algılanmasını sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, önce mevcut literatür incelenmiş, daha sonra ise Google Scholar Journal veri tabanı üzerindeki yapılan aramalar ve Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu veri tabanında yapılan araştırmalar incelenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmada elde edilen verilerde “Toplum 5.0, Yeşil İnovasyon, Yeşil Yönetim” kavramları arasında güçlü düzeyde pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki görülmüştür.
Influence of Advertising Banners and Team Logos on the Temperature Regime of Ice of Indoor Ice Skating Rinks, Built Into the Ice Plate
Authors: Livanskiy D. G. 
Published: December 2023

Artificial indoor ice rinks are complex and expensive engineering structures that are widely used for hosting various public and sports events, such as ice shows, hockey, figure skating, speed skating, etc. The presence of large audiences at all these events contributes to the widespread dissemination of information through various forms of advertising. As experience has shown, this primarily involves various banners and team logos placed within the ice surface. The latter obviously affects the temperature regime of the ice covering, as banners alter the heat transfer resistance of the ice layer. Furthermore, strict requirements for temperature field parameters on the ice surface are established for each type of event (by international federations of ice hockey, figure skating, speed skating, including international rules). To study the impact of advertising banners on the temperature regime of the ice surface, both natural experiments on a standard-size ice rink in a multifunctional sports arena for 15,000 spectators and numerical solutions of the heat conduction differential equation for ice with advertising banners were conducted. The research confirms that advertising banners on ice rinks have a significant impact on the temperature regime of the ice, which in turn affects the quality of the ice and the conditions for holding sports competitions. Adhering to recommendations regarding the choice of banner materials and colors, as well as effective management of the cooling system, can help minimize the negative consequences of banners on ice quality.
Green energy imports, FDI, Stock market capitalization, globalization and environmental degradation in China: Paving the Path to Sustainability in COP26 Agenda
Authors: Su Nan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This paper explores the complex dynamics of green energy imports, foreign direct investment (FDI), stock market capitalization, globalization, and CO2 emissions in the context of environmental deterioration. We examine the short- and long-run effects of these factors on CO2 emissions using a Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model. The findings show that positive and negative shocks have different impacts on CO2 emissions. Green energy imports and some features of globalization have the potential to significantly cut CO2 emissions in the short and long run. In addition, FDI and stock market capitalization show short-term increases in CO2 emissions. To improve environmental degradation under COP26, we suggest focused policy solutions such as supporting green investments, improving environmental legislation, encouraging sustainable financing, creating green trade agreements, and raising public awareness. Implementing these regulations can lead to more ecologically responsible and long-term economic prosperity.
Achievement of therapeutic antibiotic exposures using Bayesian dosing software in critically unwell children and adults with sepsis
Authors: Chai Gene M , Tu Quyen , Cotta Menino O , Bauer Michelle J , Balch Ross , Okafor Charles , Comans Tracy , Kruger Peter , Meyer Jason , Shekar Kiran , Brady Kara , Fourie Cheryl , Sharp Natalie , Vlad Luminita , Whiley David , Ungerer Jacobus PJ , Mcwhinney Brett C , Farkas Andras , Paterson David L , Clark Julia E , Hajkowicz Krispin , Raman Sainath , Bialasiewicz Seweryn , Lipman Jeffrey , Forde Brian M , Harris Patrick NA , Schlapbach Luregn J , Coin Lachlan , Roberts Jason A , Irwin Adam D 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Early recognition and effective treatment of sepsis improves outcomes in critically ill patients. However, antibiotic exposures are frequently suboptimal in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting. We describe the feasibility of the Bayesian dosing software ID-ODS™ to reduce time to effective antibiotic exposure in children and adults in ICU with sepsis.
Methods
A multi-centre prospective, non-randomised interventional trial in three adult ICUs and one paediatric ICU. In a pre-intervention Phase 1, we measured the time to target antibiotic exposure in participants. In Phase 2, antibiotic dosing recommendations were made using ID-ODS™, and time to target antibiotic concentrations compared to patients in Phase 1 (a pre-post design).
Results
175 antibiotic courses (Phase 1 = 123, Phase 2 = 52) were analysed from 156 participants. Across all patients, there was no difference in the time to achieve target exposures (8.7 hours vs 14.3 hours in Phase 1 and Phase 2 respectively, p = 0.45). Sixty-one courses in 54 participants failed to achieve target exposures within 24 hours of antibiotic commencement (n = 36 in Phase 1, n = 18 in Phase 2). In these participants, ID-ODS was associated with a reduction in time to target antibiotic exposure (96.0 vs 36.4 hours in Phase 1 and Phase 2 respectively, p < 0.01). These patients were less likely to exhibit subtherapeutic antibiotic exposures at 96 hours (HR 0.02, 95%CI 0.01–0.05, p < 0.01). There was no difference observed in in-hospital mortality.
Conclusions
Dosing software may reduce the time to achieve target antibiotic exposures with the potential to improve clinical outcomes.
RECORD: A high-throughput system for complex naturalistic decision-making in rodents
Authors: Friedman Alexander , Ibanez-Alcala Rodrigo , Beck Dirk , Salcido Alexis , Davila Luis , Giri Atanu , Heaton Cory , Rodriguez Kryssia , Rakocevic Lara , Hossain Safa , Reyes Neftali , Batson Serina , Macias Andrea , Drammis Sabrina , Negishi Kenichiro , Zhang Qingyang , Beck Shreeya Umashankar , Vara Paulina , Joshi Arnav , Franco Austin , Carbajal Bianca Hernandez , Ordonez Miguel , Ramirez Felix , Lopez Johnathan , Lozano Nayeli , Ramirez Abigail , Legaspy Linette , Cruz Paulina , Armenta Abril , Viel Stephanie , Aguirre Jessica , Quintanar Odalys , Medina Fernanda , Ordonez Pablo , Munoz Alfonzo , Gaudier Gustavo Martinez , Naime Gabriela , Powers Rosalie , O'Dell Laura , Moschak Travis , Goosens Ki 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Translational studies benefit from experimental designs where laboratory organisms use human-relevant behaviors. One such behavior is decision-making, however studying complex decision-making in rodents poses many problems. We overcame these limitations by designing a fully automated, inexpensive, high-throughput framework to study decision-making across multiple levels of rewards and costs in rodents: the REward-COst in Rodent Decision-making (RECORD) system. RECORD integrates three components: 1) 3D-printed configurable arenas, 2) custom electronic hardware, and 3) software for databasing, analysis, and computational modeling. RECORD sequentially offers subjects single cost/reward trade-offs that they can approach or avoid. We validated four different behavioral protocols, highlighting the versatility of our system. RECORD enables the execution of a decision-making task battery without requiring food or water deprivation, thus allowing us to characterize a profound and systematic impact of food deprivation on decision-making. We also demonstrate how RECORD enables analysis of heterogeneity in decision-making both within and across individuals and show, for the first time, that this behavioral variability is quantifiably constrained. Using oxycodone self-administration as a test case, we also reveal how analytic approaches that incorporate behavioral heterogeneity are more sensitive to detecting perturbations in decision-making than conventional approaches that average behavior across all individuals. Overall, RECORD is a more powerful and sensitive approach to studying decision-making in animals, with features that facilitate translational studies of DM in psychiatric disorders.
Effect of Added Potato Peel Ash on Clay Soils
Authors: Chuquija Fidel Huanca , Condori Yerson Olmer Choquechambi , Ticona Rina Luzmeri Yampara 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Engineers face problems when building roads, runways and airports on soils containing clay, silt and sand, as these are not suitable for pavement design. Soil stabilization is currently carried out with additives and commercial products, being necessary the search for sustainable products such as potato husk ash. The potato is a high production product in Peru, and the potato peel residue is a sustainable option. The samples obtained from a cohesive soil for the research are from the Second Ring Road of the District of Juliaca Province of San Román Department of Puno, for the present research potato peel ash was added in the following percentages: 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%.
The methodology applied is through the tests of: granulometry, consistency limits, modified Proctor, specific gravity and CBR, from these tests positive results were obtained for the addition of potato peel ash. Where you can see graphically the interpretation of the results that adding potato husk ash by 20% improves its CBR with respect to the other additions of 10% and 15% taking as reference the standard of Mexico which shows that it is the only one that meets these parameters where it could be said that adding potato husk ash by 20% is optimal, since with this addition we obtain a CBR greater than 20% in the 6 calicatas and its liquid limits in the 6 calicatas do not exceed the value of 40 as the plasticity index does not exceed the value of 12 that are the parameters of the standard of Mexico, complying at the same time with the Peruvian regulations that indicate that for an optimal subgrade, the CBR must be ≥ 6%, in the Peruvian regulations according to the
Ministry of Transport and Communications (MTC), "Manual of Roads: Soils, Geology, Geotechnics and Pavements" (Manual de Carreteras & MTC, 2014, p. 40) recommends stabilizing or changing for another material.