bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Day-to-day spontaneous social behaviours is quantitatively and qualitatively affected in a 16p11.2 deletion mouse model
Authors: Rusu Anna , Chevalier Claire , de Chaumont Fabrice , Nalesso Valérie , Brault Véronique , Hérault Yann , Ey Elodie 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorders affect more than 1% of the population, impairing social communication and increasing stereotyped behaviours. A micro-deletion of the 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 chromosomic region has been identified in 1% of patients also displaying intellectual disabilities. In mouse models generated to understand the mechanisms of this deletion, learning and memory deficits were pervasive in most genetic backgrounds, while social communication deficits were only detected in some models.MethodsTo complement previous studies, we itemized the social deficits in the mouse model of 16p11.2 deletion on a hybrid C57BL/6N × C3H.Pde6b+ genetic background. We examined whether behavioural deficits were visible over long-term observation periods lasting several days and nights, to parallel everyday-life assessment of patients. We recorded the individual and social behaviours of mice carrying a heterozygous deletion of the homologous 16p11.2 chromosomic region (hereafter Del/+) and their wild-type littermates from both sexes over two or three consecutive nights during social interactions of familiar mixed-genotype quartets of males and of females, and of same-genotype unfamiliar female pairs.ResultsWe observed that Del/+ mice of both sexes increased significantly their locomotor activity compared to wild-type littermates. In the social domain, Del/+ mice of both sexes displayed widespread deficits, even more so in males than in females in quartets of familiar individuals. In pairs, significant perturbations of the organisation of the social communication and behaviours appeared in Del/+ females.DiscussionAltogether, this suggests that, over long recording periods, the phenotype of the 16p11.2 Del/+ mice was differently affected in the locomotor activity and the social domains and between the two sexes. These findings confirm the importance of testing models in long-term conditions to provide a comprehensive view of their phenotype that will refine the study of cellular and molecular mechanisms and complement pre-clinical targeted therapeutic trials.
Detrimental effect of anemia after mechanical thrombectomy on functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Inui Ryoma , Koge Junpei , Tanaka Kanta , Yoshimoto Takeshi , Shiozawa Masayuki , Abe Soichiro , Ishiyama Hiroyuki , Imamura Hirotoshi , Nakahara Jin , Kataoka Hiroharu , Ihara Masafumi , Toyoda Kazunori , Koga Masatoshi 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAnemia can occur due to an aspiration maneuver of blood with thrombi during mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for stroke. However, the association between postoperative anemia and stroke outcomes is unknown.MethodsIn a registry-based hospital cohort, consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent MT were retrospectively recruited. Patients were divided into the following three groups according to their hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations within 24 h after MT; no anemia (Hb concentrations ≥13 g/dL for men and ≥ 12 g/dL for women), mild anemia (Hb concentrations of 11–13 g/dL and 10–12 g/dL, respectively), and moderate-to-severe anemia (Hb concentrations &lt;11 g/dL and &lt; 10 g/dL, respectively). A 3-month modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2 indicated a favorable outcome.ResultsOf 470 patients, 166 were classified into the no anemia group, 168 into the mild anemia group, and 136 into the moderate-to-severe anemia group. Patients in the moderate-to-severe anemia group were older and more commonly had congestive heart failure than those in the other groups. Patients in the moderate-to-severe anemia group also had more device passes than those in the other groups (p &lt; 0.001). However, no difference was observed in the rate of final extended thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ≥2b reperfusion or intracranial hemorrhage among the groups. A favorable outcome was less frequently achieved in the moderate-to-severe anemia group than in the no anemia group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.26–0.81) independent of the baseline Hb concentration. A restricted cubic spline model with three knots showed that the adjusted odds ratio for a favorable outcome was lower in patients with lower Hb concentrations within 24 h after MT.ConclusionModerate-to-severe anemia within 24 h after MT is independently associated with a reduced likelihood of a favorable outcome.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02251665.
Family support during childhood as a predictor of mate retention and kin care in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: an exploratory study
Authors: Tasso Natália de Araújo Miranda , Castro Felipe Nalon 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionExperiences during development help to explain behavior expression in adulthood.AimsIn this study, we explored how unpredictability and harshness experienced during childhood may have impacted the occurrence of reproductive milestones in adulthood and the expression of fundamental motives related to self-protection, disease avoidance, mate seeking, mate retention, and kin care (children/family) during the pandemic.MethodsThis was an exploratory study with 438 participants. Through the administration of online questionnaires, participants were assessed and categorized based on their childhood experiences, resulting in three groups: low unpredictability, high unpredictability with family support, and high unpredictability without family support.ResultsWe found that family support experienced during childhood predicts a slow life-history strategy. This involves an emphasis on growth and parenting efforts at the expense reproduction and was relevant even for participants who faced financial unpredictability. During the pandemic, we also observed that mate retention and kin care (family) motives were predominant among individuals who had greater family support during childhood.DiscussionOverall, the findings suggest that unpredictability experienced during childhood is crucial for the development of life-history strategies and the manifestation of fundamental motives in adulthood.
Subliminal mortality salience does not increase physical strength output in double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bartenschlager Christopher T. J. , Jansen Petra 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionUsing the morality salience paradigm, this research tested whether subliminal death stimuli lead to increased physical strength. Moreover, it was investigated if mindfulness and self-esteem instability influence terror management.MethodsIn total, data from 160 undergraduate sports students were analyzed. Participants completed a word decision task in which they were presented with either the word death or pain for 28.5 ms. Before and after the task, their grip strength was measured using a hand dynamometer.ResultsLinear mixed models could neither confirm the effect of the mortality salience hypothesis on strength nor an influence of mindfulness and self-esteem.DiscussionThe results raise the question of a potential influence of subliminal mortality salience on athletic performance and how mindfulness and self-esteem instability affect terror management.
Contingent negative variation as an evaluation indicator of neurocognitive disorder after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Ling Xindi , Wang Shujian , Zhang Shengyu , Li Wen , Zhang Qinting , Cai Weixiong , Li Haozhe 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionNeurocognitive disorders are commonly observed in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods to assess neurocognitive disorders have thus drawn the general attention of the public, especially electrophysiology parameter such as contingent negative variation (CNV), which has been given more emphasis as a neurophysiological marker in event-related potentials (ERPs) for diagnosing a neurocognitive disorder and assessing its severity. The present study focused on the correlations between CNV parameters and levels of daily living activities and social function to explore the potential of CNV as an objective assessment tool.MethodsThirty-one patients with a diagnosis of neurocognitive disorder after a TBI according to ICD-10 were enrolled as the patient group, and 24 matched healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group. The activity of daily living scale, functional activities questionnaire, social disability screening schedule, and scale of personality change following TBI were used to assess daily living activity and social function.ResultsThe scale scores in patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Maximum amplitudes before S2 and during the post-imperative negative variation (PINV) period were also significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group and were positively correlated with four scale scores. The duration of PINV at Fz and Cz was significantly shorter in the patient group than in the control group. The CNV return to baseline from a positive wave at electrode Fz and Cz occurred significantly earlier in the control group than in the patient group, while at Pz, the result showed the opposite.ConclusionLower amplitudes of CNV were associated with more severe neurocognitive disorder and greater impairments in daily life abilities and social function. The duration of PINV and the latency of returning to baseline from a positive wave were correlated with the neurocognitive disorder to some extent. CNV could be used as an objective, electrophysiology-based parameter for evaluating the severity of the neurocognitive disorder and personality changes after TBI.
Autistic discussion forums: insights into the topics that clinicians don’t know about
Authors: Caldwell-Harris Catherine L. , McGlowan Tiffany , Beitia Katherine 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundUser-led autism discussion forums provide a wealth of information about autistic lived experiences, albeit oriented toward those who regularly use computers. We contend that healthcare professionals should read autism discussion forums to gain insight, be informed, and in some cases, to correct assumptions about autistic persons’ lives and possibilities. But experts may be dismissive of user-led forums, believing forums to be filled with myths, misinformation, and combative postings. The questions motivating our research were: Do online forums raise issues that are educational for clinicians and other stakeholders? Are forums useful for those who do empirical research?MethodContent analysis was conducted on 300 posts (62,000 words) from Reddit, Quora, and Wrong Planet. Forums were sampled to reflect broad topics; posts were selected sequentially from the identified forums. The authors read through posts in the Excel sheet, highlighting statements that were the main ideas of the post, to discern both broad categories of topics and more specific topics. We coded content pertinent to classic autism myths and analyzed attitudes towards myths such as ‘lack emotion’ and ‘cannot form relationships.’ To document whether forum posts discuss topics that are not widely known outside of elite experts, we compared discussion content to new material about autism contained in the March 2022 DSM 5 Text revision.ResultsClassic autism myths were discussed with examples of when elements of myths may be valid. Posters described cases where parents or therapists believed myths. Experts may believe autism myths due to rapid changes in diagnostic practices and due to their lack of knowledge regarding the characteristics of autistic people who have typical intellectual abilities. We conclude that forums contain high-value information for clinicians because all concepts in the DSM 5 text revision were discussed by posters in the years before the text revision appeared. Ideas that are only slowly becoming part of the research literature are discussed at length in forums. Reading and analyzing forums is useful for both clinicians and scientists. In addition, the relative ease of forum analysis lowers the bar for entry into the research process.
Compassion focused therapy for women in the perinatal period: a summary of the current literature
Authors: Millard Leah Alice , Wittkowski Anja 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionCompassion focused therapy (CFT) is emerging as an effective psychological intervention to treat those experiencing mental health difficulties. CFT was adapted for women who are mothers during the perinatal period (from conception to 2 year postpartum). Although CFT is being delivered in NHS perinatal mental health services in the United Kingdom (UK), its current evidence-base for the treatment of women’s mental health problems is unclear. As part of this Mini Review, we aimed to identify the current findings relating to CFT for women in the perinatal period (with or without a mental health condition) in order to identify any associated future research and clinical implications.MethodA systematic search of two databases was undertaken. Included studies were required to meet the following criteria: (1) offered an intervention using CFT or perinatal CFT (P-CFT), (2) participants were women in the perinatal period, and (3) studies used a pre- and post-intervention study design. No language restrictions were used. A narrative synthesis was then conducted.ResultsFive studies, dating from 2018 to 2023, met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1,258 participants were included across those studies. Significant improvements in compassion-based outcomes (i.e., self-compassion, self-criticism/self-reassurance) were observed. However, these findings were primarily derived from non-clinical samples (n = 4) and could only be seen as preliminary.ConclusionAlthough these results are encouraging for mothers presenting with sub-clinical mental health symptoms, further research is clearly warranted to determine whether CFT/P-CFT may benefit mothers, including those presenting with more significant perinatal mental health difficulties.
Is education level, as a proxy for socio-economic position, related to device-measured and self-reported sedentary behavior in European older adults? A cross-sectional study from the SITLESS project
Authors: Rodriguez Roca Beatriz , Tully Mark A. , Sansano-Nadal Oriol , Caserotti Paolo , Coll-Planas Laura , Roqué Marta , Brønd Jan , Blackburn Nicole E. , Wilson Jason J. , Rothenbacher Dietrich , McIntosh Emma , Deidda Manuela , Andrade-Gómez Elena , Giné-Garriga Maria 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundSedentary behavior (SB) is a determinant of health in older adult people. Educational level is a primary driver of health disparities and is demonstrated to be a reliable measure of socioeconomic position. We aimed to examine the associations between educational level and self-reported along with device-measured SB in older adults living in Europe and the association of mentally active and passive SB domains with the educational level and gender in these associations.MethodsThe design is cross-sectional. One thousand three hundred and sixty participants aged 65 and over (75.3±6.3 years old, 61.8% women) participated. Inclusion criteria were scored with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Variables that describe the sample were assessed with an interview, and device-measured SB was assessed with an accelerometer. SB was assessed with the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire and an accelerometer. Multiple linear regression models were used to study the association between the level of education and SB.ResultsParticipants self-reported an average of 7.82 (SD: 3.02) daily waking hours of SB during weekend days, and the average of device-measured SB was 11.39 (1.23) h. Total mentally active SB (weekdays and weekends) was associated with the education level (p &lt; 0.000). Participants were more sedentary during the week than during weekends, regardless of level of education (p &lt; 0.000). Education level was significantly associated with self-reported mean hours per day in 46SB (p = 0.000; R=0.026; 95%CI).ConclusionLow education level in older adults is associated with self-reported SB but not with objective SB measures.
Girl–boy differences in perceptions of health determinants and cancer: a more systemic view of girls as young as 6 years
Authors: Gay Chloé , Deyra Maéliane , Berland Pauline , Gerbaud Laurent , Pizon Frank 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionTo model and analyze the differences between girls' and boys' conceptions of the determinants of health and cancer, as expressed and perceived by children and adolescents.MethodA multicentric qualitative study was conducted in five schools (ages 6–11 years), four middle schools (ages 11–15 years), and three high schools (ages 15–18 years). A multi-phase protocol (phase 1 uses the e.Photoexpression© and phase 2 uses the Photonarration) enables children and teenagers to express themselves through photography and storytelling.ResultsA total of 4,174 qualitative productions were produced by 1,068 children, of which 47% were girls and 53% were boys, all in the ages of 6–18 years. From the results of the productions, it can be noticed that children mentioned and were aware of 30 determinants of health and cancer. The three determinants most mentioned were “Consumption of psychotropic drugs”, “Diet”, and “Harmful environment”. Among these 30 determinants, some were mentioned to a greater or lesser extent by girls and boys. These significant gender differences are present for 20 determinants of health and cancer. These differences evolve with age: (1) In elementary school (ages 6–11), girls gave significantly more importance (p &lt; 0.05) to 11 determinants, while boys attached significantly more importance (p &lt; 0.05) to 2 determinants. (2) In middle school (ages 11–16), girls gave significantly (p &lt; 0.05) more importance to 12 determinants, while boys gave significantly (p &lt; 0.05) more importance to one determinant. (3) In high school (ages 15–18 years), girls gave significantly (p &lt; 0.05) more importance to 13 determinants. There was no significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in favor of boys for high school students. Girls also have a more systemic view of health determinants than boys. The increase in the number of determinants cited by girls is significant (p = 0.017) between the ages of 6–11 and 15–18 years. This gap widens with age (+1.45 determinants) for girls and (+0.68 determinants) for boys between elementary school and high school.ConclusionThe determinants identified as predominantly female or male, as well as age-related specificities, constitute a resource for effective preventive action, as close as possible to the needs and particularities of a population. This mapping of people's conceptions could provide a decision-making aid in defining the strategic orientations of prevention policies.
Area-based social inequalities in adult mortality: construction of French deprivation-specific life tables for the period 2016–2018
Authors: Merville Ophélie , Rollet Quentin , Dejardin Olivier , Launay Ludivine , Guillaume Élodie , Launoy Guy 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundIn order to tackle social inequalities in mortality, it is crucial to quantify them. We produced French deprivation-specific life tables for the period 2016–2018 to measure the social gradient in adult all-cause mortality.MethodsData from the Permanent Demographic Sample (EDP) were used to provide population and death counts by age, sex and deprivation quintile. The European Deprivation Index (EDI), applied at a sub-municipal geographical level, was used as an ecological measure of deprivation. Smoothed mortality rates were calculated using a one-dimensional Poisson counts smoothing method with P-Splines. We calculated life expectancies by age, sex and deprivation quintile as well as interquartile mortality rate ratios (MRR).ResultsAt the age of 30, the difference in life expectancy between the most and least deprived groups amounted to 3.9 years in males and 2.2 years in females. In terms of relative mortality inequalities, the largest gaps between extreme deprivation groups were around age 55 for males (MRR = 2.22 [2.0; 2.46] at age 55), around age 50 in females (MRR = 1.77 [1.48; 2.1] at age 47), and there was a decrease or disappearance of the gaps in the very older adults.ConclusionsThere is a strong social gradient in all-cause mortality in France for males and females. The methodology for building these deprivation-specific life tables is reproducible and could be used to monitor its development. The tables produced should contribute to improving studies on net survival inequalities for specific diseases by taking into account the pre-existing social gradient in all-cause mortality.
A nomogram model to predict the portal vein thrombosis risk after surgery in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Hanxuan , Li Binglin , Cui Songping , Lyu Shaocheng , Lang Ren 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common postoperative complication in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC), significantly affecting their quality of life and long-term prognosis. Our aim is to establish a new nomogram to predict the risk of PVT after PC surgery.MethodWe collected data from 416 patients who underwent PC surgery at our hospital between January 2011 and June 2022. This includes 87 patients with PVT and 329 patients without PVT. The patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 7:3. We constructed a nomogram model using the outcomes from both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses conducted on the training group. The nomogram’s predictive capacity was assessed using calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsIn the study, the prevalence of PVT was 20.9%. Age, albumin, vein reconstruction and preoperative D-dimer were independent related factors. The model achieved a C-index of 0.810 (95% confidence interval: 0.752–0.867), demonstrating excellent discrimination and calibration performance. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram was 0.829 (95% CI: 0.750–0.909) in the validation group. DCA confirmed that the nomogram model was clinically useful when the incidence of PVT in patients was 5%–60%.ConclusionWe have established a high-performance nomogram for predicting the risk of PVT in patients undergoing PC surgery. This will assist clinical doctors in identifying individuals at high risk of PVT and taking appropriate preventive measures.