bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prey of the Harpy Eagle in its last reproductive refuges in the Atlantic Forest
Authors: Kaizer Mylena , Fabres Brener , Aguiar-Silva Francisca Helena , Sanaiotti Tânia Margarete , Dias Alexandro Ribeiro , Banhos Aureo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is threatened with extinction throughout its distribution in the neotropical forests. In the Atlantic Forest, deforestation has reduced the number of suitable habitats, with only a few remnant forest fragments hosting active nests; currently, the only known nests in this region are in the Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor (CAFEC), in Brazil. Little is known about Harpy Eagle diets in this region, despite this information being essential for developing effective conservation strategies. We classified the composition, frequency, richness, ecological attributes, and conservation status of the species that make up the Harpy Eagle’s diet in its last refuges in the CAFEC. Between 2017 and 2021, we collected and analyzed 152 prey remains and 285 camera trap photographs from seven active nests. We identified at least 16 mammal species (96.7%), one parrot and other bird remains (3.3%). The Harpy Eagle’s diet consisted mainly of medium-sized arboreal, folivorous, frugivorous, and diurnal mammals. Five prey species are currently threatened with extinction at global, six at national and seven at regional levels. The majority of the diet consists of Sapajus robustus, which is threatened, and Bradypus variegatus, which is not threatened. In addition to the effects of habitat loss and hunting, the Harpy Eagle may also suffer from the decline in the populations of their prey in the Atlantic Forest.
Health risks for children exercising in an air-polluted environment can be reduced by monitoring air quality with low-cost particle sensors
Authors: Nieckarz Zenon , Pawlak Krzysztof , Zoladz Jerzy A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA child’s body is highly sensitive to air quality, especially regarding the concentration of particulate matter (PM). Nevertheless, due to the high cost of precision instruments, measurements of PM concentrations are rarely carried out in school areas where children spend most of their daily time. This paper presents the results of PM measurements made by a validated, low-cost university air pollution measurement system operating in a rural area near schools. An assessment of children’s exposure to PM during school hours (8 a.m.–6 p.m.) at different times of the year was carried out. We show that PM10 concentrations in the air, particularly in winter, often exceeded the alert values of 50 µg m−3, posing a health risk to children, especially when children exercise outside the school building. We also calculated the rate and total PM10 deposition in the respiratory tract during various physical activities performed in clean and polluted air. Monitoring actual PM10 concentrations as presented in this paper, using a low cost sensors, offer school authorities and teachers an opportunity to reduce health risks for children. This can be achieved by adjusting the duration and exercise intensity of children’s outdoor physical activities according to the measured air quality.
Measurement of vitreous humor pressure in vivo using an optic fiber pressure sensor
Authors: Mimura Masashi , Akagi Tadamichi , Kohmoto Ryosuke , Fujita Yasushi , Sato Yohei , Ikeda Tsunehiko 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe conducted a study to assess the pressure difference between the aqueous and vitreous humors in rabbit eyes using a direct intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement method. A micro-optic-fiber pressure sensor was utilized for this purpose. Preliminary experiments with enucleated porcine eyes confirmed the sensor's accuracy in measuring both aqueous and vitreous humor pressure. The main study involved six healthy albino rabbits, where the sensor measured the pressure in the anterior chamber (aIOP) and posterior vitreous-cavity (pIOP). These measurements were compared to aIOP values obtained through rebound tonometry. Additionally, pre- and postoperative pressure comparisons were made after performing a vitrectomy. Results revealed a significant disparity between aqueous and vitreous humor pressures. Prior to vitrectomy, pIOP was 22.8 mmHg, over twice as high as aIOP (11.0 mmHg), but decreased to a similar level following the procedure. Comparison between the sensor measurements and rebound tonometry showed agreement in aIOP values. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that vitreous humor pressure is consistently higher than aqueous humor pressure, reaching the upper limit of normal IOP. Furthermore, vitrectomy effectively reduces pIOP, aligning it with aIOP. These findings contribute valuable insights into intraocular pressure dynamics and have implications for clinical interventions targeting ocular pressure regulation.
Early-stage chronic venous disorder as a cause of leg pain overlooked for lumbar spinal disease
Authors: Yang Dong-Hoon , Kim Mansu , Yang Joong Won , Cho Jae Man , Park Sang Jin , Kwon Heum Dai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLeg pain can be caused by both lumbar spinal disease and chronic venous disorder (CVD) of leg veins, but their clinical differences have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to determine the incidence of CVD among patients visiting a spine center for leg pain. A total of 196 cases underwent ultrasound examination with a diagnosis rate were 85.7% (168 cases). CVD-diagnosed cases were divided into two groups based on the severity of lumbar spinal disease. The Clinical grades, symptom areas, and symptom types were compared. The differences in symptom improvements with vasoactive medication were also assessed. The most common symptom area was calf then the foot in CVD, while calf then thigh in lumbar spinal disease. Tingling-paresthesia was the most common symptom type for both, with pain and cramping similarly common in CVD and pain more common than cramping in lumbar spinal disease. Considering that the majority of CVD cases (78.6%) had minor cutaneous changes and almost half of cases (41.7%) had refluxes only in tributaries, significant differences in symptom improvement in CVD-dominant group suggested that early-stage venous reflux is a symptomatic disease and a possible cause of leg pain and other symptoms.
Integration of online deep reinforcement learning and federated learning: A dynamic energy management strategy for industrial applications
Authors: Tang Yunzhou , Du GuoXu , Long Jinzhong , Zhao Yongxin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the context of federated learning, this paper focuses on managing inherent dynamics and uncertainties, and optimizing energy management for devices in real‐world industrial environments. The problem is formulated by proposing an online deep reinforcement learning algorithm that optimizes model iteration updates between clients and servers, and an energy harvesting strategy that enhances device performance and extends lifespan. Through these innovative methods, solutions are provided for the dynamics and uncertainties in federated learning and a new approach is devised for energy usage optimization and task scheduling. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of the approach in transitioning federated learning from theory to practical application, and offering diversified application scenarios. In summary, this research contributes to the development of federated learning by providing novel insights and methodologies, and highlights the challenges and opportunities for future studies in the field.
A peak time shifting phenomenon in transformer axial short‐circuit electromagnetic force due to the coupling of electromagnetic‐axial vibration
Authors: Zhao Yi , Jin Mingkai , Wen Tao , Guo Penghong , Chen Weijiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAccurately calculating axial electromagnetic force is essential to analyse transformer winding axial stability. Prior research has mainly focused on the effect of winding structure on static axial electromagnetic force and studying vibration by substituting the static force in a time‐varying function. However, the coupling effect between axial electromagnetic force and winding vibration has not been addressed, and no calculation method for the axial electromagnetic force that considers both winding meso‐structures and vibration coupling effects has been proposed. Previously the authors presented an electromagnetic force calculation model that considers winding structure characteristics, and an iterative algorithm for magnetic‐structure coupling calculation. Currently, the winding vibration model was first proposed and the dynamic calculation method was formulated. By applying the method to a typical 110kV transformer, the spatial‐temporal distribution of winding axial short‐circuit electromagnetic force was obtained. It was found that the peak value of the axial short‐circuit electromagnetic force of some windings appears at the second or third peak moment of the short‐circuit current, which is called as peak time shift phenomenon. Further stress analysis indicates that existing evaluation methods may overestimate the short‐circuit resistance of windings by only considering short‐circuit electromagnetic force under maximum peak of short‐circuit current.
The computation of the air conditioning loads life loss and its application to demand response
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Hu Wenhao , Cong Zhihan , Zhao Shuqiang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAir conditioning loads (ACLs) represent an increasing proportion of power system loads, offering significant potential for optimised scheduling and active participation in demand response (DR) programs. While many studies have focused on ON/OFF control schemes that satisfy system requirements, few have addressed quantifying the life loss of ACLs from the user perspective. To address this gap, a quantitative model of ACL life loss is established and an optimal scheduling model is developed for ACLs participating in DR that incorporates the cost of life loss. The relationship between life loss and refrigeration power is a complex non‐linear high‐order fractional function that cannot be solved by commercial solvers. Therefore, a bi‐objective multi‐weight optimisation algorithm is proposed with a complex non‐linear fraction based on the Dinkelbach algorithm and its feasibility through mathematical examples is verified. Finally, a numerical example based on the IEEE 39‐bus test system is provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the model and the effectiveness of the proposed solution method.
On the chronological understanding of the homogeneous dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Lu Xinpei , Fang Zhi , Dai Dong , Shao Tao , Liu Feng , Zhang Cheng , Liu Dawei , Nie Lanlan , Jiang Chunqi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDielectric barrier discharges (DBD) are widely utilised non‐equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasmas with a diverse range of applications, such as material processing, surface treatment, light sources, pollution control, and medicine. Over the course of several decades, extensive research has been dedicated to the generation of homogeneous DBD (H‐DBD), focussing on understanding the transition from H‐DBD to filamentary DBD and exploring strategies to create and sustain H‐DBD. This paper first discusses the influence of various parameters on DBD, including gas flow, dielectric material, surface conductivity, and mesh electrode. Secondly, a chronological literature review is presented, highlighting the development of H‐DBD and the associated understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This encompasses the generation of H‐DBD in helium, nitrogen, and air. Lastly, the paper provides a brief overview of multiple‐current‐pulse (MCP) behaviours in H‐DBD. The objective of this article is to provide a chronological understanding of homogeneous dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). This understanding will aid in the design of new experiments aimed at better comprehending the mechanisms behind H‐DBD generation and ultimately assist in achieving large‐volume H‐DBD in an air environment.
HQ‐I2IT: Redesign the optimization scheme to improve image quality in CycleGAN‐based image translation systems
Authors: Zhang Yipeng , Hu Bingliang , Huang Yingying , Gao Chi , Yin Jianfu , Wang Quang 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe image‐to‐image translation (I2IT) task aims to transform images from the source domain into the specified target domain. State‐of‐the‐art CycleGAN‐based translation algorithms typically use cycle consistency loss and latent regression loss to constrain translation. In this work, it is demonstrated that the model parameters constrained by the cycle consistency loss and the latent regression loss are equivalent to optimizing the medians of the data distribution and the generative distribution. In addition, there is a style bias in the translation. This bias interacts between the generator and the style encoder and visually exhibits translation errors, e.g. the style of the generated image is not equal to the style of the reference image. To address these issues, a new I2IT model termed high‐quality‐I2IT (HQ‐I2IT) is proposed. The optimization scheme is redesigned to prevent the model from optimizing the median of the data distribution. In addition, by separating the optimization of the generator and the latent code estimator, the redesigned model avoids error interactions and gradually corrects errors during training, thereby avoiding learning the median of the generated distribution. The experimental results demonstrate that the visual quality of the images produced by HQ‐I2IT is significantly improved without changing the generator structure, especially when guided by the reference images. Specifically, the Fréchet inception distance on the AFHQ and CelebA‐HQ datasets are reduced from 19.8 to 10.2 and from 23.8 to 17.0, respectively.
Non-volatile materials for programmable photonics
Authors: Fang Zhuoran , Chen Rui , Tossoun Bassem , Cheung Stanley , Liang Di , Majumdar Arka 
Published: October 2023

Programmable photonics play a crucial role in many emerging applications, from optical accelerators for machine learning to quantum information technologies. Conventionally, photonic systems are tuned by mechanisms such as the thermo-optic effect, free carrier dispersion, the electro-optic effect, or micro-mechanical movement. Although these physical effects allow either fast (&gt;100 GHz) or large contrast (&gt;60 dB) switching, their high static power consumption is not optimal for programmability, which requires only infrequent switching and has a long static time. Non-volatile materials, such as phase-change materials, ferroelectrics, vanadium dioxide, and memristive metal oxide materials, can offer an ideal solution thanks to their reversible switching and non-volatile behavior, enabling a truly “set-and-forget” programmable unit with no static power consumption. In recent years, we have indeed witnessed the fast adoption of non-volatile materials in programmable photonic systems, including photonic integrated circuits and free-space meta-optics. Here, we review the recent progress in the field of programmable photonics, based on non-volatile materials. We first discuss the material’s properties, operating mechanisms, and then their potential applications in programmable photonics. Finally, we provide an outlook for future research directions. The review serves as a reference for choosing the ideal material system to realize non-volatile operation for various photonic applications.
Continuous data assimilation of large eddy simulation by lattice Boltzmann method and local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LBM-LETKF)
Authors: Hasegawa Yuta , Onodera Naoyuki , Asahi Yuuichi , Ina Takuya , Imamura Toshiyuki , Idomura Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
We investigate the applicability of the data assimilation (DA) to large eddy simulations based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). We carry out the observing system simulation experiment of a two-dimensional (2D) forced isotropic turbulence, and examine the DA accuracy of the nudging and the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) with spatially sparse and noisy observation data of flow fields. The advantage of the LETKF is that it does not require computing spatial interpolation and/or an inverse problem between the macroscopic variables (the density and the pressure) and the velocity distribution function of the LBM, while the nudging introduces additional models for them. The numerical experiments with

256
×
256

grids and 10% observation noise in the velocity showed that the root mean square error of the velocity in the LETKF with

8
×
8

observation points (

∼

0.1
%

of the total grids) and 64 ensemble members becomes smaller than the observation noise, while the nudging requires an order of magnitude larger number of observation points to achieve the same accuracy. Another advantage of the LETKF is that it well keeps the amplitude of the energy spectrum, while only the phase error becomes larger with more sparse observation. We also see that a lack of observation data in the LETKF produces a spurious energy injection in high wavenumber regimes, leading to numerical instability. Such numerical instability is known as the catastrophic filter divergence problem, which can be suppressed by increasing the number of ensemble members. From these results, it was shown that the LETKF enables robust and accurate DA for the 2D LBM with sparse and noisy observation data.
Analysis of the fluorescent properties of vaginal fluid upon ageing
Authors: de Vos Judith , Otto Rosa E , Achetib Nihad , Gasser Anas , Aalders Maurice C G , van Dam Annemieke 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Detection and identification of body fluids are crucial aspects of forensic investigations, aiding in crime scene reconstructions and providing important leads. Although many methods have been developed for these purposes, no method is currently in use in the forensic field that allows rapid, non-contact detection and identification of vaginal fluids directly at the crime scene. The development of such technique is mainly challenged by the complex chemistry of the constituents, which can differ between donors and exhibits changes based on woman’s menstrual cycle. The use of fluorescence spectroscopy has shown promise in this area for other biological fluids. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify specific fluorescent signatures of vaginal fluid with fluorescence spectroscopy to allow on-site identification. Additionally, the fluorescent properties were monitored over time to gain insight in the temporal changes of the fluorescent spectra of vaginal fluid. The samples were excited at wavelengths ranging from 200 to 600 nm and the induced fluorescence emission was measured from 220 to 700 nm. Excitation and emission maps (EEMs) were constructed for eight donors at seven time points after donation. Four distinctive fluorescence peaks could be identified in the EEMs, indicating the presence of proteins, fluorescent oxidation products (FOX), and an unidentified component as the dominant contributors to the fluorescence. To further asses the fluorescence characteristics of vaginal fluid, the fluorescent signatures of protein and FOX were used to monitor protein and lipid oxidation reactions over time. The results of this study provide insights into the intrinsic fluorescent properties of vaginal fluid over time which could be used for the development of a detection and identification method for vaginal fluids. Furthermore, the observed changes in fluorescence signatures over time could be utilized to establish an accurate ageing model.
Effect of residual platelets in frozen-thawed plasma on results of dilute Russell’s viper venom time assay for lupus anticoagulant testing
Authors: Nelson Strande Brenda J , Sridharan Meera , Leger Rachel R , Stuart Melissa S , Tange Julie I , Navitska Serena D , Heikal Nahla , Ashrani Aneel A , Chen Dong , Seheult Jansen N , Pruthi Rajiv K 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the impact of residual platelets on dilute Russell’s viper venom time (DRVVT) assay in frozen-thawed plasma submitted for lupus anticoagulant (LAC) testing.

Methods
We measured platelet counts in frozen-thawed samples submitted for LAC testing and evaluated the association between platelet count and the DRVVT screening time and ratios. We also spiked platelets into a LAC-positive sample to observe the effect on the DRVVT.

Results
Progressive increase in platelet count resulted in a statistically significant shortening of the DRVVT assay results on plasma after 1 freeze-thaw cycle. A similar effect was noted on the LAC-positive sample.

Conclusions
Residual platelets in plasma samples result in shortening of DRVVT assay after 1 freeze-thaw cycle. This may result in a false-negative LAC test result.
A pharmacist-driven deprescribing protocol for negative urine and sexually transmitted infection cultures in the emergency department increases antibiotic-free days
Authors: Wang Yifan , Knobloch Karlie , Lovett Shannon , Lyons Neal , Rech Megan A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Emergency department (ED) pharmacists commonly perform positive culture follow-ups that result in optimized antibiotic prescribing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential positive impact on the outcome of antibiotic-free days through an ED pharmacist–driven protocol to contact patients with negative urine cultures and sexually transmitted infection (STI) test results who were discharged with antibiotics.

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, observational, pre-post intervention study to determine antibiotic use in patients with negative urine cultures who were discharged from the Loyola Medical University Center ED with antibiotics prescribed. Patients were identified through daily positive culture reports. The primary outcome was days free of antibiotics, defined as the number of calendar days within 28 days after urine culture or STI test collection on which the patient did not receive any antibiotic treatments.

Results
One hundred ninety-two patients were screened. Sixty-three and twenty-six patients met the inclusion criteria in the pre- and postintervention groups, respectively. The study identified 163/465 (35.1%) antibiotic free days for the preintervention group, compared to 150.5/187 (80.5%) antibiotic-free days for the postintervention group. A majority of the patients did not have urinary tract infection as the chief complaint. The most common urinary and STI symptoms upon ED admission in the pre- and postintervention groups were dysuria (19.2% vs 28.1%) and unusual discharge (30.8% vs 28.6%), respectively.

Conclusion
This study showed that a pharmacist-driven protocol increased the number of antibiotic-free days for patients prescribed empiric antibiotic therapy and discharged from the ED with subsequent negative urine cultures and STI results. We propose taking a novel approach in discontinuation of antibiotics by implementing an expansion of ED culture programs to include negative cultures that promote antimicrobial stewardship.