bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrically induced cancellation and inversion of piezoelectricity in ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2
Authors: Lu Haidong , Kim Dong-Jik , Aramberri Hugo , Holzer Marco , Buragohain Pratyush , Dutta Sangita , Schroeder Uwe , Deshpande Veeresh , Íñiguez Jorge , Gruverman Alexei , Dubourdieu Catherine 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHfO2-based thin films hold huge promise for integrated devices as they show full compatibility with semiconductor technologies and robust ferroelectric properties at nanometer scale. While their polarization switching behavior has been widely investigated, their electromechanical response received much less attention so far. Here, we demonstrate that piezoelectricity in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 ferroelectric capacitors is not an invariable property but, in fact, can be intrinsically changed by electrical field cycling. Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 capacitors subjected to ac cycling undergo a continuous transition from a positive effective piezoelectric coefficient d33 in the pristine state to a fully inverted negative d33 state, while, in parallel, the polarization monotonically increases. Not only can the sign of d33 be uniformly inverted in the whole capacitor volume, but also, with proper ac training, the net effective piezoresponse can be nullified while the polarization is kept fully switchable. Moreover, the local piezoresponse force microscopy signal also gradually goes through the zero value upon ac cycling. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the observed behavior is a result of a structural transformation from a weakly-developed polar orthorhombic phase towards a well-developed polar orthorhombic phase. The calculations also suggest the possible occurrence of a non-piezoelectric ferroelectric Hf0.5Zr0.5O2. Our experimental findings create an unprecedented potential for tuning the electromechanical functionality of ferroelectric HfO2-based devices.
Utility of long-read sequencing for All of Us
Authors: Mahmoud M. , Huang Y. , Garimella K. , Audano P. A. , Wan W. , Prasad N. , Handsaker R. E. , Hall S. , Pionzio A. , Schatz M. C. , Talkowski M. E. , Eichler E. E. , Levy S. E. , Sedlazeck F. J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe All of Us (AoU) initiative aims to sequence the genomes of over one million Americans from diverse ethnic backgrounds to improve personalized medical care. In a recent technical pilot, we compare the performance of traditional short-read sequencing with long-read sequencing in a small cohort of samples from the HapMap project and two AoU control samples representing eight datasets. Our analysis reveals substantial differences in the ability of these technologies to accurately sequence complex medically relevant genes, particularly in terms of gene coverage and pathogenic variant identification. We also consider the advantages and challenges of using low coverage sequencing to increase sample numbers in large cohort analysis. Our results show that HiFi reads produce the most accurate results for both small and large variants. Further, we present a cloud-based pipeline to optimize SNV, indel and SV calling at scale for long-reads analysis. These results lead to widespread improvements across AoU.
Critical role of slags in pitting corrosion of additively manufactured stainless steel in simulated seawater
Authors: Sen-Britain Shohini , Cho Seongkoo , Kang ShinYoung , Qi Zhen , Khairallah Saad , Rosas Debra , Som Vanna , Li Tian T. , Roger Qiu S. , Morris Wang Y. , Wood Brandon C. , Voisin Thomas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPitting corrosion in seawater is one of the most difficult forms of corrosion to identify and control. A workhorse material for marine applications, 316L stainless steel (316L SS) is known to balance resistance to pitting with good mechanical properties. The advent of additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), has prompted numerous microstructural and mechanical investigations of LPBF 316L SS; however, the origins of pitting corrosion on as-built surfaces is unknown, despite their utmost importance for certification of LPBF 316L SS prior to fielding. Here, we show that Mn-rich silicate slags are responsible for pitting of the as-built LPBF material in sodium chloride due to their introduction of deleterious defects such as cracks or surface oxide heterogeneities. In addition, we explain how slags are formed in the liquid metal and deposited at the as-built surfaces using high-fidelity melt pool simulations. Our work uncovers how LPBF changes surface oxides due to rapid solidification and high-temperature oxidation, leading to fundamentally different pitting corrosion mechanisms.
RNA polymerase II pausing is essential during spermatogenesis for appropriate gene expression and completion of meiosis
Authors: Kaye Emily G. , Basavaraju Kavyashree , Nelson Geoffrey M. , Zomer Helena D. , Roy Debarun , Joseph Irene Infancy , Rajabi-Toustani Reza , Qiao Huanyu , Adelman Karen , Reddi Prabhakara P. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMale germ cell development requires precise regulation of gene activity in a cell-type and stage-specific manner, with perturbations in gene expression during spermatogenesis associated with infertility. Here, we use steady-state, nascent and single-cell RNA sequencing strategies to comprehensively characterize gene expression across male germ cell populations, to dissect the mechanisms of gene control and provide new insights towards therapy. We discover a requirement for pausing of RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) at the earliest stages of sperm differentiation to establish the landscape of gene activity across development. Accordingly, genetic knockout of the Pol II pause-inducing factor NELF in immature germ cells blocks differentiation to spermatids. Further, we uncover unanticipated roles for Pol II pausing in the regulation of meiosis during spermatogenesis, with the presence of paused Pol II associated with double-strand break (DSB) formation, and disruption of meiotic gene expression and DSB repair in germ cells lacking NELF.
Semi-supervised integration of single-cell transcriptomics data
Authors: Andreatta Massimo , Hérault Léonard , Gueguen Paul , Gfeller David , Berenstein Ariel J. , Carmona Santiago J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBatch effects in single-cell RNA-seq data pose a significant challenge for comparative analyses across samples, individuals, and conditions. Although batch effect correction methods are routinely applied, data integration often leads to overcorrection and can result in the loss of biological variability. In this work we present STACAS, a batch correction method for scRNA-seq that leverages prior knowledge on cell types to preserve biological variability upon integration. Through an open-source benchmark, we show that semi-supervised STACAS outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised methods, as well as supervised methods such as scANVI and scGen. STACAS scales well to large datasets and is robust to incomplete and imprecise input cell type labels, which are commonly encountered in real-life integration tasks. We argue that the incorporation of prior cell type information should be a common practice in single-cell data integration, and we provide a flexible framework for semi-supervised batch effect correction.
Switchable unidirectional emissions from hydrogel gratings with integrated carbon quantum dots
Authors: Dai Chenjie , Wan Shuai , Li Zhe , Shi Yangyang , Zhang Shuang , Li Zhongyang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDirectional emission of photoluminescence despite its incoherence is an attractive technique for light-emitting fields and nanophotonics. Optical metasurfaces provide a promising route for wavefront engineering at the subwavelength scale, enabling the feasibility of unidirectional emission. However, current directional emission strategies are mostly based on static metasurfaces, and it remains a challenge to achieve unidirectional emissions tuning with high performance. Here, we demonstrate quantum dots-hydrogel integrated gratings for actively switchable unidirectional emission with simultaneously a narrow divergence angle less than 1.5° and a large diffraction angle greater than 45°. We further demonstrate that the grating efficiency alteration leads to a more than 7-fold tuning of emission intensity at diffraction order due to the variation of hydrogel morphology subject to change in ambient humidity. Our proposed switchable emission strategy can promote technologies of active light-emitting devices for radiation control and optical imaging.
Nature of charge density wave in kagome metal ScV6Sn6
Authors: Lee Seongyong , Won Choongjae , Kim Jimin , Yoo Jonggyu , Park Sudong , Denlinger Jonathan , Jozwiak Chris , Bostwick Aaron , Rotenberg Eli , Comin Riccardo , Kang Mingu , Park Jae-Hoon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractRecently, kagome lattice materials have emerged as a new model material platform for discovering and engineering novel quantum phases of matter. In this work, we elucidate the driving mechanism of the $$\sqrt{{{3}}}$$

3

×$$\sqrt{{{3}}}$$

3

charge order in a newly discovered kagome metal ScV6Sn6. Through multimodal investigations combining angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, phonon dispersion calculations, and phase diagram study, we identify the central role of unstable planar Sn and Sc phonon modes, while the electronic instability and van Hove singularities originating from the V kagome lattice have a marginal influence. Our results highlight that the $$\sqrt{{{3}}}$$

3

×$$\sqrt{{{3}}}$$

3

charge order in ScV6Sn6 is fundamentally distinguished from the electronically driven 2 × 2 charge order in the canonical kagome system AV3Sb5, uncovering a new mechanism to induce symmetry-breaking phase transition in kagome lattice materials.
Iatrogenic Alzheimer’s disease in recipients of cadaveric pituitary-derived growth hormone
Authors: Banerjee Gargi , Farmer Simon F. , Hyare Harpreet , Jaunmuktane Zane , Mead Simon , Ryan Natalie S. , Schott Jonathan M. , Werring David J. , Rudge Peter , Collinge John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in brain parenchyma and blood vessels (as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)) and by neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau. Compelling genetic and biomarker evidence supports Aβ as the root cause of AD. We previously reported human transmission of Aβ pathology and CAA in relatively young adults who had died of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (iCJD) after childhood treatment with cadaver-derived pituitary growth hormone (c-hGH) contaminated with both CJD prions and Aβ seeds. This raised the possibility that c-hGH recipients who did not die from iCJD may eventually develop AD. Here we describe recipients who developed dementia and biomarker changes within the phenotypic spectrum of AD, suggesting that AD, like CJD, has environmentally acquired (iatrogenic) forms as well as late-onset sporadic and early-onset inherited forms. Although iatrogenic AD may be rare, and there is no suggestion that Aβ can be transmitted between individuals in activities of daily life, its recognition emphasizes the need to review measures to prevent accidental transmissions via other medical and surgical procedures. As propagating Aβ assemblies may exhibit structural diversity akin to conventional prions, it is possible that therapeutic strategies targeting disease-related assemblies may lead to selection of minor components and development of resistance.
SSFVEP as a potential electrophysiological examination for evaluating visual function of fundus diseases with vitreous hemorrhages: a clinical study
Authors: Yan Weiming , He Qiurui , Chen Meizhu , Zhang Sheng , Chen Tao , Zhang Lei , Wang Haiyan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo investigate the sensitivity and potential application of steady-state flash visual evoked potentials (SSFVEP) in assessing the visual function of fundus diseases with vitreous hemorrhage. 18 patients diagnosed with monocular vitreous hemorrhages in the fundus were examined the flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP) and SSFVEP in both eyes. The difference in the P2-wave amplitude of FVEP and the average amplitude of SSFVEP waveform between the diseased eyes and those without vitreous hemorrhage were statistically compared. There was no significant difference in the waveform of FVEP between both eyes. The amplitude of P2-wave from FVEP of the diseased eye was slightly lower than that without vitreous hemorrhage. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.111). The waveform of SSFVEP in the eye without vitreous hemorrhage showed a towering shape, while that of the diseased eye was flat. The average amplitude of SSFVEP in the diseased eye was statistically lower than that without vitreous hemorrhage (P = 0.036). The difference ratio of SSFVEP amplitude between both eyes was significantly greater than that of FVEP amplitude (P = 0.028). In some fundus diseases with vitreous hemorrhage, SSFVEP had a higher sensitivity than FVEP, providing a novel potential application for visual function assessment.
Phase II prefusion non-stabilised Covid-19 mRNA vaccine randomised study
Authors: Puthanakit Thanyawee , Prompetchara Eakachai , Gatechompol Sivaporn , Ketloy Chutitorn , Thitithanyanont Arunee , Jongkaewwattana Anan , Buranapraditkun Supranee , Ubolyam Sasiwimol , Kerr Stephen J. , Sophonphan Jiratchaya , Apornpong Tanakorn , Kittanamongkolchai Wonngarm , Siwamogsatham Sarawut , Sriplienchan Somchai , Patarakul Kanitha , Theerawit Tuangtip , Promsena Pathariya , Nantanee Rapisa , Manomaisantiphap Siwaporn , Chokyakorn Sarun , Hong Lina , Samija Mijo , Montefiori David C. , Gao Hongmei , Eaton Amanda , Wijagkanalan Wassana , Alameh Mohamad-Gabriel , Weissman Drew , Ruxrungtham Kiat ,   ChulaVac001-Phase 2 study team, Tawan Monta , Sutjarit Aungsumalin , Meepuksom Thutsanun , Athipunjapong Jitthiwa , Jupimai Thidarat , Moonwong Juthamanee , Nadsasarn Rachaneekorn , Khamthi Sasiprapha , Nuncharoen Pornpavee , Chanpoom Yanisar , Khamkhen Phattharapa , Narupan Nirunya , Thongthip Siriwan , Soisoongnern Konsiri , Shanyip Chomnid , Rachpradit Thanakan , Sriphraram Kanipha , Somhanwong Wassana , Boondamnern Timporn , Boonnak Nittaya , Chomchey Nitiya , Tipsuk Somporn , Puttamaswin Suwanna , Yewande Siriyapat , Lertarom Plengsri , Uanithirat Anuntaya , Anuchadbut Anongnart , Chanthaburanun Sararut , Tarawat Katawut , Mahanontharit Apicha , Sinthon Wanida , Plakunmonthonw Sasitorn , Wongmueang Suwat , Dalodom Theera , Sopa Bunruan , Phongam Nuchthida , Sri-Arunsak Anchisa , Chobkarching Umaporn , Bouko Channuwat , Junseeha Sukanya , Phuphalicho Boonsri , Pingthaisong Palida , Khlaiphuengsin Apichaya , Pararit Patcharee , Eamyoung Patcharin , Somjit Thitiporn , Iampornsin Thatri , Thongchomphunut Dutmanee , Manopwisedjaroen Suwimon , Laopanupong Thanida , Ekronarongchai Supanuch , Srisaowakarn Chanya , Jantraphakorn Yuparat , Srisutthisamphan Kanjana , Grandin Ponsuk Visudhipan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractChulaCov19 mRNA vaccine demonstrated promising phase 1 results. Healthy adults aged 18–59 years were double-blind randomised 4:1 to receive two intramuscular doses of ChulaCov19 50 µg or placebo. Primary endpoints were safety and microneutralization antibody against-wild-type (Micro-VNT50) at day 50. One hundred fifty adults with median (IQR) age 37 (30–46) years were randomised. ChulaCov19 was well tolerated, and most adverse events were mild to moderate and temporary. Geometric mean titres (GMT) of neutralizing titre against wild-type for ChulaCov19 on day 50 were 1367 IU/mL. T-cell IFN-γ-ELISpot showed the highest responses at one week (Day29) after dose 2 then gradually declined. ChulaCov19 50 µg is well tolerated and elicited high neutralizing antibodies and strong T-cell responses in healthy adults.Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04566276, 28/09/2020.
Repurposing antibiotic resistance surveillance data to support treatment of recurrent infections in a remote setting
Authors: Cuningham Will , Perera Shalinie , Coulter Sonali , Wang Zhiqiang , Tong Steven Y. C. , Wozniak Teresa M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn northern Australia, a region with limited access to healthcare and a substantial population living remotely, antibiotic resistance adds to the complexity of treating infections. Focussing on Escherichia coli urinary tract infections (UTIs) and Staphylococcus aureus skin & soft tissue infections (SSTIs) captured by a northern Australian antibiotic resistance surveillance system, we used logistic regression to investigate predictors of a subsequent resistant isolate during the same infection episode. We also investigated predictors of recurrent infection. Our analysis included 98,651 E. coli isolates and 121,755 S. aureus isolates from 70,851 patients between January 2007 and June 2020. Following an initially susceptible E. coli UTI, subsequent recovery of a cefazolin (8%) or ampicillin (13%) -resistant isolate during the same infection episode was more common than a ceftriaxone-resistant isolate (2%). For an initially susceptible S. aureus SSTI, subsequent recovery of a methicillin-resistant isolate (8%) was more common than a trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolate (2%). For UTIs and SSTIs, prior infection with a resistant pathogen was a strong predictor of both recurrent infection and resistance in future infection episodes. This multi-centre study demonstrates an association between antibiotic resistance and an increased likelihood of recurrent infection. Particularly in remote areas, a patient’s past antibiograms should guide current treatment choices since recurrent infection will most likely be at least as resistant as previous infection episodes. Using population-level surveillance data in this way can also help clinicians decide if they should switch antibiotics for patients with ongoing symptoms, while waiting for diagnostic results.
The impact of environmentally friendly supramolecular coordination polymers as carbon steel corrosion inhibitors in HCl solution: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Eissa M. , Etaiw S. H. , El-Waseef E. E. , El-Hossiany A. , Fouda A. S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo 3D-supramolecular coordination polymers (SCP1 & SCP2) have been synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. In a solution of 1.0 M HCl, SCPs were used to prevent corrosion of carbon steel (CS). The inhibition productivity (%η) rises as the synthetic inhibitor dose rises, and the opposite is true as the temperature rises. The study was carried out using chemical (mass loss, ML) and electrochemical ( potentiodynamic polarization, PDP and electrochemical impedance microscopy, EIS) techniques, which showed %η reached to 93.1% and 92.5% for SCP1 & SCP2, respectively at 21 × 10−6 M, 25 °C. For the polarization results, SCPs behave as mixed-type inhibitors. With increasing doses of SCPs, the charge transfer resistance grew and the double layer's capacitance lowered. The creation of a monolayer on the surface of CS was demonstrated by the finding that the adsorption of SCPs on its surface followed the Henry adsorption isotherm. The parameters of thermodynamics were computed and explained. The physical adsorption of SCPs on the surface of CS is shown by the lowering values of free energy (∆Goads < − 20 kJ mol−1) and increasing the activation energy (E*a) values in presence of SCP1 & SCP2 than in their absence. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the development of a protective thin film of SCPs precipitated on the surface of CS. There is a strong matching between results obtained from experimental and theoretical studies. Results from each approach that was used were consistent.
Condition-based opportunistic maintenance strategy for multi-component wind turbines by using stochastic differential equations
Authors: Su Hongsheng , Cao Qian , Li Yuqi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe components of wind turbines are complex in structure and the working environment is harsh, which makes wind turbines face problems such as high failure rates and high maintenance costs. In this paper, the stochastic differential equation model has been established for the harsh operating environment of wind turbines, and used Brownian motion to simulate random disturbances; aiming at the problem of high failure rate of wind turbines, based on Weibull distribution, a new model has been established by combining operating time and equipment state to calculate the failure rate; in the analysis of monitoring data, the Higher-Order Moment method and Bayesian method were used to solve the parameters. The opportunity maintenance threshold curve and preventive maintenance threshold curve were obtained by analyzing Time-Based Maintenance and Condition-Based Maintenance. Therefore, the Condition-Based Opportunistic Maintenance strategy was obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed method was finally verified by arithmetic examples.
Controlling viscous fingering instabilities of complex fluids
Authors: Pouplard Alban , Tsai Peichun Amy 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDespite their aesthetic elegance, wavy or fingering patterns emerge when a fluid of low viscosity pushes another immiscible fluid of high viscosity in a porous medium, producing an incomplete sweep and hampering several crucial technologies. Some examples include chromatography, printing, coating flows, oil-well cementing, as well as large-scale technologies of groundwater and enhanced oil recovery. Controlling such fingering instabilities is notoriously challenging and unresolved for complex fluids of varying viscosity because the fluids’ mobility contrast is often predetermined and yet the predominant drive in determining a stable, flat or unstable, wavy interface. Here we show, experimentally and theoretically, how to suppress or control the primary viscous fingering patterns of a common type of complex fluids (of shear-thinning with a low yield stress) using a radially tapered cell of linearly varying gap thickness, h(r). Experimentally, we displace a complex viscous (PAA) solution with gas under a constant flow rate (Q), varied between 0.02 and 2 slpm (standard liter per minute), in a radially converging cell with a constant gap-thickness gradient, $$\alpha = dh/dr < 0$$

α
=
d
h
/
d
r
<
0

. A stable, uniform interface emerges at low Q and in a steeper cell (i.e., greater $$|\alpha |$$

|
α
|

) for the complex fluids, whereas unstable fingering pattern at high Q and smaller $$|\alpha |$$

|
α
|

. Our theoretical predictions with a simplified linear stability analysis show an agreeable stability criterion with experimental data, quantitatively offering strategies to control complex fluid-fluid patterns and displacements in microfluidics and porous media.
Impact of medical technologies may be predicted using constructed graph bibliometrics
Authors: Jiang Lawrence , Raza Ashir , El Ariss Abdel-Badih , Chen David , Danaher-Garcia Nicole , Lee Jarone , He Shuhan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractScientific research is driven by allocation of funding to different research projects based in part on the predicted scientific impact of the work. Data-driven algorithms can inform decision-making of scarce funding resources by identifying likely high-impact studies using bibliometrics. Compared to standardized citation-based metrics alone, we utilize a machine learning pipeline that analyzes high-dimensional relationships among a range of bibliometric features to improve the accuracy of predicting high-impact research. Random forest classification models were trained using 28 bibliometric features calculated from a dataset of 1,485,958 publications in medicine to retrospectively predict whether a publication would become high-impact. For each random forest model, the balanced accuracy score was above 0.95 and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was above 0.99. The high performance of high impact research prediction using our proposed models show that machine learning technologies are promising algorithms that can support funding decision-making for medical research.