bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A family‐based mental health program of recovery from state terror in Kosova
Authors: Griffith James L. , Agani Ferid , Weine Stevan , Ukshini Shqipe , Pulleyblank‐Coffey Ellen , Ulaj Jusuf , Rolland John , Blyta Afrim , Kallaba Melita 
Published: August 2005

AbstractFamily processes of communication, mutual support, and sustenance of cultural values can play vital roles in recovery from psychological and material damage in societies afflicted by terror. This is particularly the case when a campaign of terror has specifically targeted family life and its traditions, when the culture is one whose identity has been centered in its families, and when public mental health resources have been scarce. At the end of the 1999 war in Kosova, the Kosovar Family Professional Educational Collaborative (KFPEC) was initiated to counter mental health sequelae of war in Kosova. This initiative focused upon the recovery and strengthening of Kosovar families, rather than the psychiatric treatment of individuals for post‐traumatic symptoms. Findings and outcomes from this project may usefully inform the design of other international public mental health initiatives. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social psychology, terrorism, and identity: a preliminary re‐examination of theory, culture, self, and society
Authors: Arena Michael P. , Arrigo Bruce A. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis article relies upon structural symbolic interactionism and five of its organizing concepts (i.e. symbols, the definition of the situation, roles, socialization and role‐taking, and the self) to put forth a novel conceptual framework for understanding the terrorist identity. In order to demonstrate the practical utility of the framework, applications to various terrorist groups around the globe are incorporated into the analysis. Overall, both the theoretical and application work help reorient the academic and practitioner behavioral science communities to the importance of culture, self, and society when investigating one's membership in and identity through militant extremist organizations. Given the unique approach taken by this article, several provisional implications are delineated. In particular, future research on terrorism, strategies linked to counter‐terrorism, legal and public policy reform, and the relevance of utilizing a sociologically animated social psychology in the assessment of other forms of criminal behavior are all very tentatively explored. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term outcome after radiotherapy alone for lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Wirth Andrew , Yuen Kally , Barton Michael , Roos Daniel , Gogna Kumar , Pratt Gary , MacLeod Craig , Bydder Sean , Morgan Graeme , Christie David 
Published: August 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe curative potential of radiotherapy (RT) alone as initial treatment for patients with Stage I–II lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (LPHL) has not been defined well.METHODSTwo hundred two patients who were treated between 1969 and 1995 were evaluated in a retrospective, multicenter study.RESULTSPatient characteristics were as follows: The median age was 31 years, 75% of patients were male, 80% of patients had Ann Arbor Stage I disease, 1% of patients had bulky disease, 3% of patients had B symptoms, 1% of patients had extranodal involvement, and 80% of patients had supradiaphragmatic disease. The RT fields were a full mantle field in 52% of patients, less than a full mantle field in 24% of patients, an inverted‐Y field in 17% of patients, less than an inverted‐Y field in 3% of patients, and total lymph node irradiation in 3% of patients. The median dose was 36 Gray. The median follow‐up was 15 years. The overall survival (OS) rate at 15 years was 83%, and freedom from progression (FFP) was observed in 82% of patients, including 84% of patients with Stage I disease and 73% of patients with Stage II disease. No recurrent LPHL and only 1 patient with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were reported after 15 years. Adverse prognostic factors that were identified on multifactor analysis were as follows: for OS, age 45 years or older (P < 0.0005), the presence of B symptoms (P = 0.002), increasing number of sites (P = 0.015); for FFP, increasing number of sites (P = 0.002). No significant difference was found in FFP in a comparison of patients who received elective mediastinal RT with patients who did not receive mediastinal RT (P = 0.11). Causes of death at 15 years were LPHL in 3% of patients, NHL in 2% of patients, in‐field malignancy in 2% of patients, in‐field cardiac/respiratory in 4% of patients, and other in 6% of patients.CONCLUSIONSThe current data suggested that RT potentially may be curative for patients with Stage I–II LPHL and raise the possibility that limited‐field RT may be used without loss of treatment efficacy. Involved‐field RT warrants further investigation for patients with early‐stage LPHL. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Synthesis and Structures of Bi(1,1‐stannole)s
Authors: Saito Masaichi , Haga Ryuta , Yoshioka Michikazu 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe synthesis and structures of bi(1,1‐stannole)s are described. Treatment of 1‐bromo‐4‐(dibromophenylstannyl)‐1,3‐butadiene with tert‐butyllithium gives the bi(1,1‐stannole) having a phenyl group on each tin atom, whereas treatment of 1‐bromo‐4‐(tribromostannyl)‐1,3‐butadiene with phenyl‐ or bulky alkyllithiums gives the bi(1,1‐stannole) having a phenyl or an alkyl group on each tin atom. The X‐ray analysis of the tert‐butyl‐substituted bi(1,1‐stannole) is also described. All bi(1,1‐stannole)s display two shoulder absorption bands due to π–π* and σ–π* transitions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Coordination Chemistry of N,N,N′,N′‐Tetraethylpyridine‐2,6‐dithiocarboxamide (S‐dept) – X‐ray Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties of [Co(S‐dept)X2] (X = Br, I, and NCS)
Authors: Kapoor Ramesh , Kataria Ashok , Venugopalan Paloth , Kapoor Pratibha , Hundal Geeta , Corbella Montserrat 
Published: August 2005

AbstractMononuclear cobalt(II) complexes [Co(S‐dept)X2] [X = Br (1), I (2) and NCS (3)] were synthesized using N,N,N′,N′‐tetraethylpyridine‐2,6‐dithiocarboxamide (S‐dept), and characterised by conductivity, spectral and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. These studies reveal that the compounds consist of discrete monomeric molecules in which the cobalt atoms are five‐coordinate in an environment that is best described as being distorted square‐pyramidal. In dimethylformamide the iodo complex shows significant ionic dissociation (1:1 electrolyte) and its crystal field absorption spectrum is interpretable in terms of an octahedral structure [Co(S‐dept)(DMF)2I]+. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility data is indicative of a high‐spin compound with an important zero‐field splitting. The best fitwas obtained with |D| = 20.5 cm–1 and g = 2.53 for 1, |D| = 14.2 cm–1 and g = 2.38 for 2 and |D| = 17.7 cm–1 and g = 2.35 for 3. The X‐band EPR spectra at low temperature is also characteristic of an S = 3/2 state with important zero‐field splitting. The most important band appears at low fields (ca. 1200 G). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Coexposure to benzo[a]pyrene and UVA induces DNA damage: First proof of double‐strand breaks in a cell‐free system
Authors: Toyooka Tatsushi , Ibuki Yuko , Takabayashi Fumiyo , Goto Rensuke 
Published: August 2005

AbstractDNA damage induced by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays an important role in the induction of skin cancer. Although UVA constitutes the majority of solar UV radiation, it is less damaging to DNA than UVB. The DNA damage produced by UVA radiation, however, can be augmented in the presence of a photosensitizer. We previously used benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), an environmental carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, as an exogenous photosensitizer, and demonstrated that combined exposure to BaP and UVA resulted in DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO‐K1) cells. In this study, we investigated whether coexposure to BaP and UVA induces DSBs in a cell‐free system and whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) were involved in the generation of the DSBs. DSBs were induced by the coexposure both in the cell‐free system (in vitro) and in CHO‐K1 cells (in vivo), but not by treatment with BaP or UVA alone. DSB induction in vitro required higher doses of UVA and BaP than were required in vivo, suggesting that the mechanism of DSB induction differed. A similar difference in efficiency also was observed in the formation of 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxodG) by coexposure to BaP and UVA in vitro and in vivo. A singlet oxygen (1O2) scavenger (NaN3) effectively inhibited the production of DSBs and 8‐oxodG, suggesting that 1O2 is a principal ROS generated by BaP and UVA both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, repair‐deficient xrs‐5 cells were more sensitive to coexposure with BaP and UVA than were CHO‐K1 cells, but the two cell lines were equally sensitive to the combined treatment in the presence of NaN3. This result suggested that the cell death produced by coexposure to BaP and UVA was at least partly due to the DSBs generated by 1O2. Our findings indicate that coexposure to BaP and UVA effectively induced DNA damage, especially DSBs, which results in phototoxicity and possibly photocarcinogenesis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3,4‐Epoxy‐1‐butene, a reactive metabolite of 1,3‐butadiene, induces somatic mutations in Xpc‐null mice
Authors: Wickliffe J.K. , Galbert L.A. , Ammenheuser M.M. , Herring S.M. , Xie J. , Masters O.E. , Friedberg E.C. , Lloyd R.S. , Ward J.B. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractXpc‐null (Xpc−/−) mice, deficient in the global genome repair subpathway of nucleotide excision repair (NER‐GGR), were exposed by intraperitoneal (IP) injection to a 300 mg/kg mutagenic dose of 3,4‐epoxy‐1‐butene (EB), to investigate NER's potential role in repairing butadiene (BD) epoxide DNA lesions. Mutagenic sensitivity was assessed using the Hprt assay. Xpc−/− mice were significantly more sensitive to EB exposure, exhibiting an average 2.8‐fold increase in Hprt mutant frequency (MF) relative to those of exposed Xpc+/+ (wild‐type) mice. As a positive control for NER‐GGR, additional mice were exposed by IP injection to a 150 mg/kg mutagenic dose of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The Xpc−/− mice had MFs 2.9‐fold higher than those of exposed Xpc+/+ mice. These results suggest that NER‐GGR plays a role in recognizing and repairing some of the DNA adducts formed following in vivo exposure to EB. Additional research is needed to examine the response of Xpc−/− mice, as well as other NER‐deficient strains, to inhaled BD. Furthermore, it is likely that alternative DNA repair pathways also are involved in restoring genomic integrity compromised by BD‐epoxide DNA damage. Collaborative studies are currently underway to address these critical issues. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multipoint linkage analysis for a very dense set of markers
Authors: Bacanu Silviu‐Alin 
Published: August 2005

AbstractMultipoint linkage methods are powerful tools that are often employed as the first means to discover alleles affecting liability to diseases. With the advent of dense marker maps, linkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers is inevitable and it comes at the cost of bias and an increased rate of false‐positive findings for linkage analyses that assume alleles of different markers are independent. I propose a “multipoint on subsets” method that avoids this issue by partitioning the markers into interlaced and non‐overlapping subsets. Each subset is analyzed separately, their statistics are then averaged, and the resulting average is standardized by its estimated standard deviation. In addition to being robust to the challenges induced by dependent marker alleles, data simulated under linkage equilibrium show that the proposed method does not suffer any detectable loss of power when compared to traditional methods. Genet. Epidemiol. 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comprehensive analysis of the p53 status in mucosal and cutaneous melanomas
Authors: Gwosdz Christian , Scheckenbach Kathrin , Lieven Oliver , Reifenberger Julia , Knopf Andreas , Bier Henning , Balz Vera 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe abrogation of the function of the “gatekeeper of the genome”, p53, is the most prevalent molecular alteration in solid human tumors. Regarding melanomas the involvement of p53 alterations is discussed controversially to date. In order to evaluate the status of p53 in detail, primary tumors and metastases of 63 sporadic cutaneous (CM) and mucosal (MuM) melanomas were examined by immunohistochemistry and sequence analysis of the entire coding region of the p53 transcript, i.e., exons 2 to 11. In addition, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and loss of allele‐specific transcription (LOT) were determined. Accumulation of the p53 protein occurred in most of the CM and MuM specimens (71% and 58%, respectively). In contrast, protein stabilizing p53 mutations were observed in 14% of the CM and no mutation was found in MuM specimens. Two of the aberrations located outside the core domain. LOH was detected in 22% CM and 58% MuM, and LOT in 25% of the CM specimens. The genotype distribution at the polymorphic p53 codon 72 in melanoma patients differed significantly from control subjects. The calculation of odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) indicated an increased risk for developing cutaneous melanomas in individuals carrying the Pro‐coding allele. Altogether, aberrant p53 expression appears to be a common event in both CM and MuM. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Body size and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
Authors: Pischon Tobias , Lahmann Petra H. , Boeing Heiner , Tjønneland Anne , Halkjær Jytte , Overvad Kim , Klipstein‐Grobusch Kerstin , Linseisen Jakob , Becker Nikolaus , Trichopoulou Antonia , Benetou Vassiliki , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Sieri Sabina , Palli Domenico , Tumino Rosario , Vineis Paolo , Panico Salvatore , Monninkhof Evelyn , Peeters Petra H.M. , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Büchner Frederike L. , Ljungberg Börje , Hallmans Göran , Berglund Göran , Gonzalez Carlos Alberto , Dorronsoro Miren , Gurrea Aurelio Barricarte , Navarro Carmen , Martinez Carmen , Quirós J. Ramón , Roddam Andrew , Allen Naomi , Bingham Sheila , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Kaaks Rudolf , Norat Teresa , Slimani Nadia , Riboli Elio 
Published: August 2005

AbstractPrevious studies suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, only a few studies report on measures of central vs. peripheral adiposity. We examined the association between anthropometric measures, including waist and hip circumference and RCC risk among 348,550 men and women free of cancer at baseline from 8 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). During 6.0 years of follow‐up we identified 287 incident cases of RCC. Relative risks were calculated using Cox regression, stratified by age and study center and adjusted for smoking status, education, alcohol consumption, physical activity, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy use. Among women, an increased risk of RCC was conferred by body weight (relative risk [RR] in highest vs. lowest quintile = 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–3.90; p‐trend = 0.003), body mass index (BMI) (RR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.14–4.44; p‐trend = 0.009), and waist (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.94–2.98; p‐trend = 0.003) and hip circumference (RR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.22–4.34; p‐trend = 0.01); however, waist and hip circumference were no longer significant after controlling for body weight. Among men, hip circumference (RR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20–0.98; p‐trend = 0.03) was related significantly to decreased RCC risk only after accounting for body weight. Height was not related significantly to RCC risk. Our findings suggest that obesity is related to increased risk of RCC irrespective of fat distribution among women, whereas low hip circumference is related to increased RCC risk among men. Our data give further credence to public health efforts aiming to reduce the prevalence of obesity to prevent RCC, in addition to other chronic diseases. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphism of Xeroderma Pigmentosum group G and the risk of lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx, larynx and esophagus
Authors: Cui Yan , Morgenstern Hal , Greenland Sander , Tashkin Donald P. , Mao Jenny , Cao Wei , Cozen Wendy , Mack Thomas M. , Zhang Zuo‐Feng 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe investigated the effects of XPG His1104Asp polymorphism (rs17655) on the risk of lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx, larynx and esophagus (SCCOLE). This population‐based case‐control study involves 611 new cases of lung cancer, 601 new cases of oropharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal cancers, and 1,040 cancer‐free controls. The XPG polymorphism was assayed by PCR‐RFLP method for 497 lung cancer cases, 443 cases of oropharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal cancers and 912 controls. Binary and polytomous unconditional logistic regression models were fitted to assess the main effects and the effect modifications between the polymorphism and environmental exposures. With the adjustment for potential confounders, the XPG Asp1104Asp genotype was inversely associated with lung cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, 95% confidence limits [CL] = 0.38, 1.0) and SCCOLE (OR = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.27, 0.82), with the combined His1104His and His1104Asp genotypes as the referent. With subjects having genotype Asp1104Asp and no tobacco smoking exposure as the common referent, the ORs on lung cancer were 13 (95% CL = 4.4, 37) for heavy tobacco smoking (>20 pack‐years), 1.9 (95% CL = 0.78, 4.5) for having at least one copy of 1104His, and 23 (95% CL = 9.5, 56) for the joint effect, respectively. Compared to non‐smokers with the Asp1104Asp genotype, the adjusted OR on SCCOLE for heavy smokers (>20 pack‐years) having at least one copy of 1104His was 8.0 (95% CL = 2.7, 24). Similarly, compared to non‐drinkers with the Asp1104Asp genotype, the adjusted OR on SCCOLE for heavy drinkers (≥3 drinks/day) with at least one copy of 1104His was 10 (95% CL = 2.7, 38). In conclusion, our study suggests that the XPG Asp1104Asp genotype may be associated with decreased susceptibility to lung cancer and SCCOLE. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hydrolytic degradation behavior of biodegradable polyetheresteramide‐based polyurethane copolymers
Authors: Liu CaiBing , Gu YingChun , Qian ZhiYong , Fan LinYu , Li Jun , Chao GuoTao , Tu MingJing , Jia WenJuan 
Published: August 2005

AbstractIn this article, a new kind of biodegradable polyetheresteramide‐based polyurethane (PEEA‐U) copolymers were prepared by the melt polycondensation method from ϵ‐caprolactone, 6‐aminocaproic acid, poly(ethylene glycol), and toluene diisocyanate. The water absorption of PEEA‐U was affected strongly by the reaction time and the content of chain extender; and the hydrolytic degradation behavior of the copolymers was mainly determined by the reaction time, chain extender content, and the pH value of the degradation medium. Also, DSC, 1H‐NMR, and inherent viscosity were used to characterize the degradation behavior of the copolymers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005
Ab initio and DFT benchmark study for nucleophilic substitution at carbon (SN2@C) and silicon (SN2@Si)
Authors: Bento A. Patrícia , Solà Miquel , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: August 2005

AbstractTo obtain a set of consistent benchmark potential energy surfaces (PES) for the two archetypal nucleophilic substitution reactions of the chloride anion at carbon in chloromethane (SN2@C) and at silicon in chlorosilane (SN2@Si), we have explored these PESes using a hierarchical series of ab initio methods [HF, MP2, MP4SDQ, CCSD, CCSD(T)] in combination with a hierarchical series of six Gaussian‐type basis sets, up to g polarization. Relative energies of stationary points are converged to within 0.01 to 0.56 kcal/mol as a function of the basis‐set size. Our best estimate, at CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVQZ, for the relative energies of the [Cl−, CH3Cl] reactant complex, the [ClCH3Cl]− transition state and the stable [ClSiH3Cl]− transition complex is −10.42, +2.52, and −27.10 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, we have investigated the performance for these reactions of four popular density functionals, namely, BP86, BLYP, B3LYP, and OLYP, in combination with a large doubly polarized Slater‐type basis set of triple‐ζ quality (TZ2P). Best overall agreement with our CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVQZ benchmark is obtained with OLYP and B3LYP. However, OLYP performs better for the SN2@C overall and central barriers, which it underestimates by 2.65 and 4.05 kcal/mol, respectively. The other DFT approaches underestimate these barriers by some 4.8 (B3LYP) to 9.0 kcal/mol (BLYP). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 1497–1504, 2005
An extremal problem for H‐linked graphs
Authors: Kostochka Alexandr , Yu Gexin 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe introduce the notion of H‐linked graphs, where H is a fixed multigraph with vertices w1,…,wm. A graph G is H‐linked if for every choice of vertices υ1,…, υm in G, there exists a subdivision of H in G such that υi is the branch vertex representing wi (for all i). This generalizes the notions of k‐linked, k‐connected, and k‐ordered graphs. Given k and n ≥ 5k+6, we determine the least integer d such that, for every loopless graph H with k edges and minimum degree at least two, every n‐vertex graph with minimum degree at least d is H‐linked. This value D1(k,n) appears to equal the least integer d′ such that every n‐vertex graph with minimum degree at least d′ is k‐connected. On the way to the proof, we extend a theorem by Kierstead et al. on the least integer d˝ such that every n‐vertex graph with minimum degree at least d˝ is k‐ordered. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Structural features of forming and developing blood capillaries of the enamel organ of rat molar tooth germs observed by light and electron microscopy
Authors: Manzke E. , Katchburian E. , Faria F.P. , Freymüller E. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThe process of vascularization of the enamel organ, a unique epithelial structure, occurs when the tooth germ is fully developed, i.e., at the onset of dentinogenesis. Although the three‐dimensional organization of the capillaries has been previously investigated, the structural features underlying the formation of the new capillaries remains poorly understood. Thus, in the hope of better understanding the mechanism of formation of the stellate reticulum capillaries, upper first molar tooth germs of newborn and 3‐day‐old rats were fixed in glutaraldehyde‐formaldehyde and processed for light and electron microscopy. Our results showed that blood capillaries are initially in close proximity to the outer enamel epithelium. Between and intercalated with the capillaries are round/ovoid clusters of cells, some of which are vacuolated, closely apposed to the outer enamel epithelium. The outer enamel epithelium is not a continuous layer, but exhibits gaps between the cells. This suggests that the capillaries penetrate the enamel organ through these gaps, since no invagination of the epithelium was observed. The presence of a cluster of cells containing vacuoles suggests that vasculogenesis is taking place. Images showing loss of the basal lamina, proliferation of endothelial cells, presence of filopodia and lateral sprouting suggests that angiogenesis is also occurring. Thus, neoformation of capillaries of the molar enamel organ of rat seems to occur simultaneously by mechanisms of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. J. Morphol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.