bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WISDOM-RELATED EMOTION REGULATION RESOURCES EXPLAIN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS’ COVID-19-RELATED DISTRESS
Authors: Park Crystal , Kim Dahee , Russell Beth , Fendrich Michael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
As the pandemic wrought wide-reaching disruption across the world, younger adults appeared to be faring more poorly than other adults. We hypothesized that younger adults might possess fewer emotion regulation resources and skills, accounting for their relatively high levels of distress. In data gathered from a national sample of 1258 adults, we examined how baseline resources (in mid-April, during initial peak infections) predicted distress (depression, anxiety, PTSD symptoms) five weeks later, when states began initial re-openings. Younger adults (18-35 years; n = 317; mean age = 29.2 years) reported greater distress and less social support, mindfulness, and emotion regulation skills than did middle aged (36-60 years; n = 513; mean age =51.7 years) and older adults (61-88 years; n =428; mean age = 70.1 years). Controlling for stress exposure, younger adults’ distress was predicted by impulsivity and lack of perceived strategies while middle-aged and older adults’ (lower) distress was predicted by acceptance of negative emotions and emotion regulation abilities; perceived social support was related to lower distress for all groups but mindfulness was unrelated. Results suggest that emotion regulation resources and skills are a promising prevention and intervention focus.
DECLINING HEALTH AND SENSE OF MASTERY CAN EXPLAIN THE INVERSE RELATION BETWEEN OLDER AGE AND WISDOM
Authors: Ardelt Monika , Jeste Dilip 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Previous research found an inverse U-shaped association between age and three-dimensional wisdom with the apex in late midlife. What might explain the negative relation between age and wisdom during the later years of life? We investigated the impact of physical health and mastery, using data from the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE) study of 976 adults between the ages of 51 and 99 years (M = 77.23, SD = 12.18). Physical health tends to decline with advancing years and, therefore, might reduce older adults’ sense of mastery and control over their life. Ill health and feelings of diminished control, in turn, might lead older adults to focus on improving their health and regaining control and reduce their desire to comprehend the deeper truth about life (cognitive wisdom dimension), look at things from different perspectives (reflective wisdom dimension), and care about others (compassionate wisdom dimension). As expected, results showed that age correlated negatively with subjective health, wisdom, and mastery, while health, wisdom, and mastery were positively correlated. In multivariate regression analyses, age and ill health remained negatively related to mastery even after controlling for education, gender, and race and the positive association with wisdom. By contrast, the negative relations of age and ill health on wisdom became non-significant after mastery was entered into the model. If wisdom declines with age in the later years of life due to ill health that results in a perceived loss of mastery, enabling older adults to maintain their sense of control might offset this decline.
MAXWELL A. POLLACK AWARD FOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO HEALTH AGING PRESENTATION AND LECTURE
Authors: Waldrop Deborah 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Maxwell A. Pollack Award for Contributions to Health Aging Lecture will feature an address by the 2022 Pollack Award recipient Nancy Morrow-Howell, MSW, PhD, FGSA, of Washington University in St. Louis. This session will also include the presentation of the 2023 Maxwell A. Pollack Award to recipient Bei Wu, PhD, FGSA, FAGHE of New York University. The Maxwell A. Pollack Award for Contributions to Healthy Aging Award recognizes instances of practice informed by research and analysis, research that has directly improved policy or practice, and distinction in bridging the worlds of research and practice.
FAMILY FUNCTIONING: BRIDGING THE RELATION BETWEEN GRANDFAMILY HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
Authors: Mendoza Nancy , Lee Youjung 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
In research, it is important to utilize theories to ask and answer questions about a specific phenomenon. In grandfamily research, there is a need to utilize theory as a bridge to understanding the relationship between family functioning and grandfamily health and well-being. In this symposium, four presentations will discuss their work related to grandfamily well-being and how it was guided by theory. In Scott and Nadorff, Bowen’s Family Systems theory is used as a framework for examining the extent to which agreement on values and beliefs moderates the relation between intergenerational emotional closeness and well-being in the grandparent generation. Findings demonstrated that affectual solidarity rating and religious ideological differences between grandparents and grandchildren influenced grandparents’ well-being. Yancura & Barnett utilized the family life course framework in their study to examine how intergenerational conflict between the grandchildren’s parents and the caregiving grandparents predicted stress and depression in grandparent caregivers. Ye and Smith incorporated the family stress model that was developed by Conger and colleagues in their study. Findings suggested parenting practice profiles related differentially to the well-being of caregivers and the emotional and behavioral outcomes of the grandchildren. Musil, Jeanblanc, Zauszniewski, and Burant used McCubbin’s Resiliency Model of Family stress to examine how demographics, family demands, problem-solving/coping, resources, and situational appraisals affect depressive symptoms in grandmother caregivers. The inclusion of theory in these studies is significant. Without theory, study findings are nothing more than a pile of findings. Theory helps organize these findings in a meaningful way. This is a Grandparents as Caregivers Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
GRANDMOTHER CAREGIVERS’ RESILIENCE, MINDFULNESS, AND RESOURCEFULNESS AND MCCUBBIN’S MODEL OF FAMILY STRESS
Authors: Musil Carol , Jeanblanc Alexandra , Zauszniewski Jaclene , Burant Christopher 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Grandmothers raising grandchildren face numerous challenges that are reflected in their levels of depressive symptoms and perceived family functioning. Using McCubbin’s Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, we examine how demographics, family demands (intra-family strains), mediators of problem-solving/coping (resilience, mindfulness and resourcefulness), resources (support) and situational appraisals (stress and reward) affect a) depressive symptoms and b) family functioning. Our participants were a nationwide sample of 300 American grandmothers raising grandchildren who participated in an online research study. Our regression model for general family functioning had an adjusted R2 of .44. Better self-appraisal of family functioning was significantly associated with younger participant age, identifying as white, higher levels of resourcefulness, fewer reported intra-family strains, more subjective social support and instrumental support. Situational appraisals, the problem solving/coping factors of resilience and mindfulness, employment status, and marital status did not significantly predict family functioning. Depressive symptoms, as measured by the CES-D scale, had an adjusted R2 of .46. Participants who were married, had fewer intra-family strains, higher levels of mindfulness and resilience, higher subjective support, and who appraised greater reward from caregiving to grandchildren had lower levels of depressive symptoms. There was no effect from caregiving stress, resourcefulness, employment status, or race. These analyses show the continued utility of McCubbin’s model, despite different patterns of predictors of family functioning and depressive symptoms. This further develops our prior work showing that resilience, mindfulness, and resourcefulness are correlated but independent theoretical constructs as they interact very differently with our two outcomes.
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN OLDER SUB-SAHARA AFRICANS
Authors: Muruthi James , Adamek Margaret 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the fastest-growing proportion of older individuals globally. Concurrently, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing burden in the SSA aging population. An essential step towards reducing NCDs is an enhanced understanding of the various diseases and discussing their psychosocial risk factors. This session will provide a unique depiction of the occurrence and measurements of NCDs and their associations with psychosocial factors in aging SSA adults. Dr. Muruthi and colleagues present the psychometric properties of a Swahili-translated Kessler 6 scale in aging Kenyans. Drs Nwakasi and Esiaka discuss HIV health information acquisition among older Nigerian women who are cancer survivors. Dr. Esiaka and colleagues discuss psychosocial determinants of early cancer detection and survivorship among older Nigerian men. Drs. Adamek and Dr. Kotecho will present information about the extent of depression among older adults in Sub-Saharan Africa and an understanding of the factors contributing to high rates of geriatric depression. Findings from this session will help elucidate our understanding of NCDs and related psychosocial factors, a necessary step for developing robust evidence-based interventions to reduce non-communicable diseases (and their effects) among aging people in SSA.
CAREGIVER ORAL HEALTH BELIEFS, CONVERSATIONS, AND ACCESS: FINDINGS FROM THE MOTIVATE AT HOME PROGRAM
Authors: Crittenden Jennifer , O’Connell Denise , Nelligan Labrini 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The number of caregivers across the nation is growing. A three-way collaboration is examining their knowledge and attitudes related to the connection between oral health and overall health. Currently, little is known about caregiver oral health beliefs and how they relate to oral health care for older adult care recipients (CRs). Survey data from the MOTIVATE at Home program from 135 caregivers/care partners (CPs) across rural Maine were analyzed (age: M = 61 years, SD = 13, range= 25 to 85; 85.2% female). Care partners who felt they have a role in preventing tooth decay were more likely to report an oral health visit in the last year for their CR (M = .75, SD = .438; t(84)= -2.66, p=.009). Caregivers whose CR had not had dental care in the last year were less comfortable talking with dental providers (M = 1.50, SD = .632; t(92.84)= -3.01, p = .003), and non-dental health care providers (M = 1.53, SD =.754; t(94.06) = -2.42, p=.017) about oral health. For CRs who do not have a regular dentist, CPs were less comfortable in speaking with the CR about oral health care (M = 1.58, SD = .751; t(42.13) = -2.23; p=.031). These findings are currently informing the development of an educational intervention for CRs which will: Emphasize the importance of regular oral health visits; Improve understanding of the CP role in promoting oral health; Provide tools for conversations with a range of providers.
HOSPICE CLINICIANS’ WILLINGNESS TO BE PRESENT DURING MEDICAL AID IN DYING: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF RATIONALES
Authors: Becker Todd , Cagle John , Cain Cindy , Kusmaul Nancy , Davitt Joan , Sacco Paul 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Although clinician presence during medical aid in dying (MAID) may facilitate relief for patients, federal, state, and organizational policy discourage presence. Given the lack of direct examination, we aimed to describe hospice clinicians’ willingness to be present during MAID and categorize their rationales. This cross-sectional analysis used Qualtrics data collected from a convenience sample of 75 hospice clinicians. We recruited participants through hospice and palliative care membership associations for physicians, nurses, social workers, and chaplains. A quantitative item asked if participants would be willing to be present with a patient during MAID, given certain safeguards (yes, no, unsure). Participants explained their rationales in an open-ended probe. Erlingsson and Brysiewicz’s (2017) four-step content analysis was applied to open-ended rationales grouped under each previously tabulated quantitative response. The categories that we constructed for participants willing to be present (73%) reflected a commitment to patient-centered care, desire to attenuate potential medical complications, and professional responsibility despite personal discomfort. We interpreted responses from those unwilling to be present (16%) through categories of wholesale moral objections to MAID, moral objections specifically to one’s participation, and perceived incongruence between MAID and hospice care. We categorized the responses of participants who were unsure (11%) as either competing pressures or fears of personal and professional recourse. Although most participants were willing to be present during MAID, open-ended rationales revealed great nuance within each overarching quantitative response. Participants’ reported tensions with themselves, their profession, and society reflect a need for greater professional guidance and support as MAID legalization expands.
PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH STATUS AMONG SANDWICH AND NONSANDWICH CAREGIVERS BY RACE/ETHNICITY
Authors: Miyawaki Christina , Bouldin Erin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Sandwich caregivers are middle-aged adults who care for both a child and an older adult. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Caregiver Module in 50 jurisdictions from 2016-2021, we compared the prevalence of sandwich caregivers and their physical and mental health across racial/ethnic groups. We included 23,853 caregivers aged 45-64 years. Sandwich caregivers (N=2,486) were those who lived with a child (≤18 years) and provided care/assistance to a parent/grandparent with a long-term illness/disability during the past 30 days. The prevalence of sandwich caregiving varied by race/ethnicity, with 18.4% of non-Hispanic Asian, 14.5% of non-Hispanic Black, 11.5% of Hispanic, 10.2% of non-Hispanic White, and 9.5% of non-Hispanic other/multiracial respondents classified as sandwich caregivers. Prevalence ratios (PR) from log-binomial regression models adjusted for age, sex, hours of caregiving, and type of care were used to compare weighted estimates. Sandwich caregivers generally had similar physical health and better mental health compared to non-sandwich caregivers. Compared to non-sandwich caregivers from the same racial/ethnic background, Black sandwich caregivers had a significantly higher prevalence of excellent/very good/good health (PR=1.15) and lower frequent mental distress (PR=0.90), while Asian (PR=0.78) and White (PR=0.91) sandwich caregivers had a significantly lower prevalence of frequent mental distress. Some racial/ethnic groups of sandwich caregivers were in better physical and mental health than non-sandwich caregivers. This could reflect a need for a higher level of physical and mental health to take on a sandwich caregiving role. Caregiver supports should consider sandwich caregivers’ unique characteristics and their racial/ethnic backgrounds.
ADULTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF COGNITIVE DECLINE, DEMENTIA, AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Mehegan Laura , Rainville Chuck 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
A 2021 nationally representative survey fielded by AARP of adults aged 40 and older (N=3,022) showed that nearly six in ten (58%) believe that cognitive decline is inevitable, and two-thirds (66%) believe they will experience cognitive decline as they age. Nearly half (48%) think it is likely they will get dementia. As a follow up to this research, in 2022, AARP sponsored focus groups (N=31) and in-depth interviews (N=24) to further explore the perceptions of dementia and cognitive decline among individuals aged 40 and older. The main purpose of this research was to evaluate how Americans understand and communicate about dementia and cognitive decline. The results of this research showed personal experience played a greater role than age when it came to participants’ concern and understanding about cognitive decline. Worry about cognitive decline increased for those caring for a friend or family members with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Participants expressed feelings of inevitability of cognitive decline, but not dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Forgetfulness was mentioned by many participants as part of the aging process, but they were clear that dementia and Alzheimer’s disease were not inevitable and were not the same as age-related memory lapses. Normal, age-related changes in memory and cognitive function were not well-understood and neither was the distinction between dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The results from these studies suggest the general population needs information on cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease to better understand each and to raise awareness on the proactive steps needed for brain health
DATA AND INITIAL EVIDENCE: OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LATER-LIFE PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE HEALTH
Authors: Carr Dawn 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Research on aging is often based on evaluations of health and wellbeing once individuals have already reached later life. However, many of the problems observed are based on experiences that occurred during earlier phases of life. Adults spend approximately 1/3 of their time engaged in paid work, and consequently, occupational exposures are likely to play a critical role in shaping age-related changes over time. Occupational exposures are difficult to study because most studies only collect data on work environments at one point in time or only during the latest phases of one’s career. Further, much of the data on occupations is based on subjective experiences, or in association with a small subset of occupational categories. A linkage between the Health and Retirement Study Life History Module Survey (LHMS) and the recent introduction of a new data source measuring occupational characteristics based on the Department of Labor’s O*NET data now make it possible to comprehensively evaluate full life histories of work. This symposium provides an overview of this new dataset and how it was created, and provides initial evidence of the important role that occupational histories play in shaping early departure from work due to disability, mid-life metabolic disease risks, and later life cognitive function.
HOW SKIN TONE INFLUENCES RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DISCRIMINATION AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS
Authors: Hamler Tyrone 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Skin tone has been identified as an important factor for within-group health disparities. We examine the moderating role of skin tone in the relationship between discrimination, self-rated mental health, and serious psychological distress (SPD) and (b) whether moderated by gender. We used a subsample of African Americans aged 55+ (N = 837) from the National Survey of American Life. Mental health outcomes were SPD and self-rated mental health. Results indicate discrimination was associated with worse self-rated mental health and SPD in the total sample and among women. Skin tone moderated the association between discrimination and SPD among both genders. The effect of discrimination on mental health was stronger among darker-skinned respondents than lighter respondents. Gender-stratified analyses indicated skin tone moderated the association between discrimination and self-rated mental health for men but not women. The negative psychological effects associated with darker complexion indicate one mechanism linking discrimination and mental health.
INEQUITY IN SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IN THE JIM CROW SOUTH: IMPLICATIONS FOR BLACK–WHITE DISPARITIES IN COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Walsemann Katrina , Ureña Stephanie , Farina Mateo , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Education’s contribution to Black–White disparities in cognitive function remains unclear due to data limitations that capture systemic educational inequities in the Jim Crow South. We include differential rates of school attendance across race, years, and states in the Jim Crow South. We linked state-level data on school attendance from the 1919 to 1954 Biennial Surveys of Education to the HRS. Sample restricted to Black and White older adults who attended school in the Jim Crow South in the study period (n = 4,343). We examined total cognitive function, episodic memory, and working memory. Total years of schooling explained 28%–33% of the Black–White disparity in all three outcomes. Differential rates of school attendance explained 41%–55% of the Black–White disparity in these outcomes. Our study highlights the importance of using a more refined measure of schooling for understanding the education–cognitive health relationship.
PSYCHOSOCIAL CORRELATES OF PREVENTION, CARE, AND WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Vu Thi , Rubtsova Anna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
There are over 4.2 million older adults (ages 50+ years) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) globally. Older women continue to make up a significant proportion of this population. Advances in antiretroviral therapy treatments have allowed HIV+ individuals to live longer, healthier lives. However, compared to all persons living with HIV, women have lower viral suppression rates and are less likely to be retained in care. While older women living with HIV (WLWH) face unique challenges with HIV prevention and care, such as caregiving responsibilities, gender discrimination, and ageism, there is a dearth of research focusing on their experiences. As the population of older WLWH continues to increase, understanding barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention and care among this population is a public health priority. This symposium will provide insight into psychosocial factors that influence HIV prevention, care, and well-being among older WLWH. Our first presentation highlights a qualitative study identifying sources of strength and concerns about aging with HIV among older women. Our second presentation examines social support networks and interpersonal strain in relation to loneliness among older WLWH. Our third presentation highlights the impact of patient-provider communication regarding HIV/AIDs on sexual health communication between older WLWH and their partners. Our fourth presentation examines mental health vulnerabilities and strengths of older WLWH during the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine. Discussant Dr. Anna Rubtsova will contextualize these findings and offer suggestions for future research to enhance well-being of older women across the continuum of HIV prevention and care.
PROLONGED DAILY FASTING TIMES ARE BEST WHEN COMBINED WITH CALORIE RESTRICTION FOR HEALTH AND SURVIVAL
Authors: de Cabo Rafael 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Emerging new evidence highlights the importance of prolonged daily fasting periods for the health and survival benefits of calorie restriction (CR) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) in male mice; however, little is known about the impact of these feeding regimens in females. Using a carousel feeder system that enables controlling the duration, amount, and timing of food availability, we show that mice on CR had a robust physiological response and decreased progression of malignant neoplasms and severity of inflammatory diseases in the lung compared to TRF. CR is associated with a unique serum metabolomics signature in overnight-fasted animals compared to TRF. The systemic impact of CR and TRF regimens measured from covariation of serum metabolites with energetics and healthspan metrics indicates that daytime (rest-phase) feeding with prolonged fasting periods initiated late in life confers greater benefits when combined with an imposed lower energy intake.