bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spezifische Wärmen und thermische Fehlordnung von Kupferchalkogeniden Teil II: Die Systeme Cu2S ‐ CuS und Cu2Se ‐ CuSe
Authors: Kubaschewski P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBei den strukturell fehlgeordneten α‐Phasen des Kupfer(I)‐Sulfids und ‐Selenids steigen in weitem Temperaturbereich die auf die Formel Cu2‐δX (X = S, Se) bezogenen spezifischen Wärmen mit wachsendem Kupferdefizit δ an. Die partiellen spezifischen Wärmen des Kupfers sind also negativ. Beim Kupferselenid ergab sich unmittelbar oberhalb der Phasenumwandlung β → α eine partielle spezifische Wärme des Kupfers, die nahe dem Dulong‐Petitschen Wert liegt. Sie nimmt jedoch mit steigender Temperatur ab und strebt in der Nähe von 450°C einem negativen Extremwert zu. Mögliche Deutungen dieses Befundes werden diskutiert.Ferner konnten aufgrund der Messungen die Zustandsdiagramme Cu2X ‐CuX ergänzt werden.
Thermodynamic Investigations of the Helix‐Association of Biocolloids, especially of 5′‐GMP
Authors: Becker Ch. , Ackermann Th. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGuanosine‐5′‐monophosphate has the remarkable property of forming helical aggregates in aqueous solutions. This helix aggregation can be described in a model system by means of statistical thermodynamics. Furthermore the aggregation can be followed by measuring the change of the enthalpy of an aqueous solution of 5′‐GMP as a function of temperature using an adiabatic calorimeter.In this article we give a new derivation of the theory of Peticolas. The formalism is now expanded to an application for temperature induced transitions and the temperature dependence of the degree of transition is taken into account.The transition enthalpy of 5′‐GMP has been determined by means of an adiabatic calorimeter for various solutions having different concentrations. Furthermore the model‐parameters σ2 and δ were determined and the behaviour of the system is discussed for some special cases.
Elastic Scattering of Ions
Authors: Weise Hans‐Peter 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe value of elastic scattering experiments for the determination of interaction potentials between ions and neutral particles is discussed. After a description of typical experimental setups a short introduction to the theory of rainbow scattering is given. Several methods for the evaluation of experimental results are presented. The measured differential cross‐sections and the resulting potential curves are discussed for the proton‐rare gas systems which have been extensively studied. In some cases the experimental data can be compared with quantum chemical calculations. The system He+ ‐ He is chosen to outline the symmetry effects observed in the differential elastic scattering cross‐section in the case of the symmetric rare gas ion‐rare gas atom systems. The potential depths obtained from the experimental rainbow structures are compared with the results of quantum chemical calculations and of semiempirical estimates. Some data derived from elastic scattering of He+ by rare‐gas atoms are presented. Finally experimental results are reviewed for the elastic scattering of protons by simple molecules and of H+2 by Ar‐ and Kr‐atoms.
Punktfehlstellen in Oxidmischphasen II. Beweglichkeit der Defektelektronen in (CoxMg1‐x) O und (CoxMg1‐x)2 SiO4
Authors: Schwier G. , Schmalzried H. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBeweglichkeiten von Defektelektronen in den Mischkristallen (CoxMg1‐x)O und (CoxMg1‐x)2 SiO4 als Funktion von Temperatur und Zusammensetzung x wurden aus elektrischen Leitfähigkeitsmessungen unter Benutzung der im Teil I dieser Arbeit gemessenen Defektelektronenkonzentrationen ermittelt. Mit zunehmendem Magnesiumgehalt nimmt die Defektelektronenbeweglichkeit über Größenordnungen ab. Eindeutig kann festgestellt werden, daß in den Mischkristallen ein aktivierter Sprungprozeß der Defektelektronenbeweglichkeit vorliegt. Die Aktivierungsenergie wird stark von den Nachbarschaftskonfigurationen der Kationen beeinflußt und nimmt mit zunehmendem Magnesiumgehalt zu.
Biosynthesis of Al2O3 and europium‐doped Al2O3 nanoparticle using Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) extract and its antibacterial property
Authors: Tanwar Shruti Nandkishor , Parauha Yatish Ratn , There Yogesh , Dhoble Sanjay Janraoji 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCymbopogon citratus‐mediated pure aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and europium (Eu)‐doped Al2O3 with different amounts of metal ion were prepared using a green synthesis method. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by ultraviolet (UV)‐visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Synthesis of nanoparticles is confirmed by using UV‐visible spectroscopy showing maximum absorption at 411 and 345 nm for Al2O3 and Eu‐doped Al2O3, respectively. The antibacterial activity of prepared nanoparticles was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae using a well‐diffusion technique. The effect of pure Al2O3 and Eu‐doped nanoparticles shows excellent results against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
Near‐fatal bleeding due to ruptured peripheral varicose vein that developed after previous orthopedic surgery: A case report
Authors: Takamatsu Jumpei , Nakajima Hajime , Nakata Masatoshi , Fukuhara Aya , Kang Jinkoo , Yasue Yuichi 
Published: November 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the necessity to inform patients with vein ligation about the possibility of varicose vein formation in the periphery and brings awareness to emergency staff that bleeding could be caused by a ruptured peripheral varicose vein.
Reversible Reactions of Nitric Oxide with a Binuclear Iron(III) Nitrophorin Mimic
Authors: Sharma Vinay K. , Saini Azad , Fridman Natalia , Gray Harry B. , Gross Zeev 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConstruction of functional synthetic systems that can reversibly bind and transport the most biologically important gaseous molecules, oxygen and nitric oxide (NO), remains a contemporary challenge. Myoglobin and nitrophorin perform these respective tasks employing a protein‐embedded heme center where one axial iron site is occupied by a histidine residue and the other is available for small molecule ligation, structural features that are extremely difficult to mimic in protein‐free environments. Indeed, the hitherto reported designs rely on sophisticated multistep syntheses for limiting access to one of the two axial coordination sites in small molecules. We have shown previously that binuclear Ga(III) and Al(III) corroles have available axial sites, and now report a redox‐active binuclear Fe(III) corrole, (1‐Fe)2, in which each (corrolato)Fe(III) center is 5‐coordinate, with one axial site occupied by an imidazole from the other corrole. The binuclear structure is further stabilized by attractive forces between the corrole π systems. Reaction of NO with (1‐Fe)2 affords mononuclear iron nitrosyls, and of functional relevance, the reaction is reversible: nitric oxide is released upon purging the nitrosyls with inert gases, thereby restoring (1‐Fe)2 in solutions or films.
Synthesis of Anti‐Pancreatic Cancer Natural Product Majusculamide D and Analogues Reveals a Preliminary Structure‐Activity Relationships
Authors: Zhao Xiuhe , Lv Mengxue , Xi Xiaonan , Lu Yaxin , Wang Liang , Chen Yue 
Published: November 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe total synthesis of majusculamide D (1) was achieved from commercially available materials. In addition, we synthesized eight analogues including three stereoisomers of majusculamide D that differ in the fatty acid chain. Six analogues including a simplified analogue 29 exhibited significant nanomolar‐level IC50 values against Panc‐1 cells in MTT assays. A preliminary SAR analysis indicated that the hydroxyl group at C10 and C2−C3 unsaturated double bond of majusculamide D were essential in maintaining the high activity against Panc‐1 cells and the orientation of C40‐Me and C42‐Me groups was tolerable.
State‐of‐the‐Art Two‐Dimensional Metal Phosphides for High Performance Lithium‐ion Batteries: Progress and Prospects
Authors: Jia Zhuoming , Kong Xianglong , Liu Zhiliang , Zhao Xiaohan , Zhao Xudong , He Fei , Zhao Ying , Zhang Milin , Yang Piaoping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density, long cycle life and safety have earned recognition as outstanding energy storage devices, and have been used in extensive applications, such as portable electronics and new energy vehicles. However, traditional graphite anodes deliver low specific capacity and inferior rate performance, which is difficult to satisfy ever‐increasing demands in LIBs. Very recently, two‐dimensional metal phosphides (2D MPs) emerge as the cutting‐edge materials in LIBs due to their overwhelming advantages including high theoretical capacity, excellent conductivity and short lithium diffusion pathway. This review summarizes the up‐to‐date advances of 2D MPs from typical structures, main synthesis methods and LIBs applications. The corresponding lithium storage mechanism, and relationship between 2D structure and lithium storage performance is deeply discussed to provide new enlightening insights in application of 2D materials for LIBs. Several potential challenges and inspiring outlooks are highlighted to provide guidance for future research and applications of 2D MPs.
A novel algorithm for robust estimation of ants' speed on convoluted trajectories derived from their gait pattern
Authors: Choi Jibeom , Song Woncheol , Kim Woojoo , Lee Sang‐im , Jablonski Piotr Grzegorz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAccurate measurements of travel distance and the corresponding speed are crucial for the analysis of animal movements. Particularly, the trajectories of ants were used in numerous behavioral studies. However, measurements of travel distance involve the dilemma of setting the proper time window: Estimates from a short time window are vulnerable to spatial errors in observation, while estimates from a long time window lead to an underestimation of the travel distance. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a novel algorithm that successively interpolates two consecutive points of an ant's trajectory for a given time window by embracing the alternating tripod gait and other gait patterns of ants. We demonstrate that this algorithm is more reliable compared with the conventional method of travel distance estimation based on the sum of the consecutive straight‐line displacement (SLD). After obtaining speed estimates for a range of sampling time windows, we applied a fitting method that can estimate the actual speed without prior knowledge of spatial error distribution. We compared results from several methods of speed estimation extracted from the empirical and simulated data of ant trajectories. The accuracy of our algorithm was comparable with or much higher than the accuracy of the sum over the consecutive SLD with optimal window length. Hence, subjective selection of the sampling time window can be avoided by using the proposed algorithm. We provide software that enables empirical scientists to utilize the proposed methods rather than the conventional SLD method of distance and speed estimation.
Forest structural diversity is linked to soil microbial diversity
Authors: Lang Ashley K. , LaRue Elizabeth A. , Kivlin Stephanie N. , Edwards Joseph D. , Phillips Richard P. , Gallion Joey , Kong Nicole , Parker John D. , McCormick Melissa K. , Domke Grant , Fei Songlin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEfforts to catalog global biodiversity have often focused on aboveground taxonomic diversity, with limited consideration of belowground communities. However, diversity aboveground may influence the diversity of belowground communities and vice versa. In addition to taxonomic diversity, the structural diversity of plant communities may be related to the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities, which drive important ecosystem processes but are difficult to characterize across broad spatial scales. In forests, canopy structural diversity may influence soil microorganisms through its effects on ecosystem productivity and root architecture, and via associations between canopy structure, stand age, and species richness. Given that structural diversity is one of the few types of diversity that can be readily measured remotely (e.g., using light detection and ranging—LiDAR), establishing links between structural and microbial diversity could facilitate the detection of belowground biodiversity hotspots. We investigated the potential for using remotely sensed information about forest structural diversity as a predictor of soil microbial community richness and composition. We calculated LiDAR‐derived metrics of structural diversity as well as a suite of stand and soil properties from 38 forested plots across the central hardwoods region of Indiana, USA, to test whether forest canopy structure is linked with the community richness and diversity of four key soil microbial groups: bacteria, fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. We found that the density of canopy vegetation is positively associated with the taxonomic richness (alpha diversity) of EM fungi, independent of changes in plant taxonomic richness. Further, structural diversity metrics were significantly correlated with the overall community composition of bacteria, EM, and total fungal communities. However, soil properties were the strongest predictors of variation in the taxonomic richness and community composition of microbial communities in comparison with structural diversity and tree species diversity. As remote sensing tools and algorithms are rapidly advancing, these results may have important implications for the use of remote sensing of vegetation structural diversity for management and restoration practices aimed at preserving belowground biodiversity.
Deep phenotyping of p.(V142I)‐associated variant transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: Distinct from wild‐type transthyretin amyloidosis?
Authors: Razvi Yousuf , Ioannou Adam , Patel Rishi K. , Chacko Liza , Karia Nina , Riefolo Mattia , Porcari Aldostefano , Rauf Muhammad Umaid , Starr Neasa , Ganesananthan Sashiananthan , Blakeney Iona , Kaza Nandita , Filisetti Stefano , Bolhuis Roos Eline , Rowczenio Dorota , Gilbertson Janet , Hutt David , Mahmood Shameem , Lachmann Helen J. , Wechalekar Ashutosh D. , Kotecha Tushar , Knight Daniel S. , Coghlan John G. , Petrie Aviva , Whelan Carol J. , Venneri Lucia , Martinez‐Naharro Ana , Hawkins Phillip , Fontana Marianna , Gillmore Julian D. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimsTransthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR‐CM) is an increasingly recognized cause of heart failure. A total of 3–4% of individuals of African descent carry a TTR gene mutation encoding the p.(V142I) variant, a powerful risk factor for development of variant ATTR‐CM (ATTRv‐CM); this equates to 1.6 million carriers in the United States. We undertook deep phenotyping of p.(V142I)‐ATTRv‐CM and comparison with wild‐type ATTR‐CM (ATTRwt‐CM).Methods and resultsA retrospective study of 413 patients with p.(V142I) ATTRv‐CM who attended the UK National Amyloidosis Centre (NAC) was conducted. Patients underwent evaluation at time of diagnosis, including clinical, echocardiography, and biomarker analysis; a subgroup had cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. A total of 413 patients with ATTRwt‐CM, matched for independent predictors of prognosis (age, NAC Stage, decade of first presentation), were used as a comparator group. At time of diagnosis, patients with ATTRv‐CM had significant functional impairment by New York Heart Association classification (NHYA class ≥ III; 38%) and 6‐min walk test distance (median 276 m). Median 5‐year survival in ATTRv‐CM patients was 31 versus 59 months in matched patients with ATTRwt‐CM (p < 0.001). Patients with ATTRv‐CM had significant impairment of functional parameters by echocardiography including biventricular impairment, high burden of regurgitant valvular disease and low cardiac output. Multivariable analysis revealed the prognostic importance of right ventricular dysfunction. CMR and histological analysis revealed myocyte atrophy and widespread myocardial infiltration in ATTRv‐CM.Conclusionp.(V142I)‐ATTRv‐CM has an aggressive phenotype characterized by myocyte loss and widespread myocardial infiltration which may account for frequent biventricular failure and poor prognosis in this ATTR‐CM genotypic subgroup.
Activation of Molecular Oxygen and Peroxodisulfate for Removal of Water‐Soluble Antibiotics Using Metal‐Organic Framework‐Derived CoNx@NC Catalyst
Authors: Vyas Ved , Indra Arindam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdvanced oxidation process using reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be efficiently utilized to remove soluble contaminants from water. Herein, we have reported a facile method for the activation of molecular oxygen to produce ROS using Prussian blue analog (PBA)‐derived catalyst CoNx@NC. The two‐electron reduction of O2 by CoNx@NC produces H2O2, which is further dissociated into ⋅OH radicals and decomposes water‐soluble organic dye (methylene blue) and antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin). CoNx@NC is capable of removing 98 % of ciprofloxacin in a short period of time (65 minutes) in the presence of oxygen. Further, CoNx@NC can activate peroxodisulfate in the aqueous medium to produce ROS (SO4⋅−, and ⋅OH) and catalyzes the decomposition of the antibiotics and organic dye. The efficiency of the degradation of antibiotics and dye is improved when peroxodisulfate is used for the formation ROS. The higher oxidation potential and longer life‐time of SO4⋅− than ⋅OH improves the rate oxidation with peroxodisulfate. The Co−N coordination in CoNx@NC stabilizes the system against leaching and shows excellent stability for recycling (for five cycles) during the removal of contaminants.
Neuroplastic changes in functional wiring in sensory cortices of the congenitally deaf: A network analysis
Authors: Ruttorf Michaela , Tal Zohar , Amaral Lénia , Fang Fang , Bi Yanchao , Almeida Jorge 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCongenital sensory deprivation induces significant changes in the structural and functional organisation of the brain. These are well‐characterised by cross‐modal plasticity, in which deprived cortical areas are recruited to process information from non‐affected sensory modalities, as well as by other neuroplastic alterations within regions dedicated to the remaining senses. Here, we analysed visual and auditory networks of congenitally deaf and hearing individuals during different visual tasks to assess changes in network community structure and connectivity patterns due to congenital deafness. In the hearing group, the nodes are clearly divided into three communities (visual, auditory and subcortical), whereas in the deaf group a fourth community consisting mainly of bilateral superior temporal sulcus and temporo‐insular regions is present. Perhaps more importantly, the right lateral geniculate body, as well as bilateral thalamus and pulvinar joined the auditory community of the deaf. Moreover, there is stronger connectivity between bilateral thalamic and pulvinar and auditory areas in the deaf group, when compared to the hearing group. No differences were found in the number of connections of these nodes to visual areas. Our findings reveal substantial neuroplastic changes occurring within the auditory and visual networks caused by deafness, emphasising the dynamic nature of the sensory systems in response to congenital deafness. Specifically, these results indicate that in the deaf but not the hearing group, subcortical thalamic nuclei are highly connected to auditory areas during processing of visual information, suggesting that these relay areas may be responsible for rerouting visual information to the auditory cortex under congenital deafness.
Spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation and its characteristics under tropical atmospheric systems of Brazil: Insights from a large sub‐hourly database
Authors: Lemos Filipe C. , Coelho Victor Hugo R. , Freitas Emerson da S. , Tomasella Javier , Bertrand Guillaume F. , Meira Marcela A. , Filho Geraldo M. Ramos , Fullhart Andrew , Almeida Cristiano das N. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe study of rainfall properties at various spatiotemporal scales is deeply important for understanding a large range of socio‐environmental processes and variables (e.g., water resources, agriculture, socio‐ecosystemic services, natural risk assessment). However, such studies on rainfall characteristics, especially at sub‐hourly resolutions, are scarce in large areas of South America due to the lack of a high‐resolution temporal database. The Brazilian National Centre for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMADEN) has gradually implemented, starting in 2013, a sub‐hourly monitoring network composed of approximately 3500 automated rain gauges distributed across Brazil, enabling access to new hydrological studies in this vast tropical country featuring a range of biomes. This study analysed the characteristics of rainfall events for the whole of Brazil on sub‐daily and sub‐hourly timescales, using 7 years of data (from 2014 to 2021) provided by CEMADEN. Rainfall events were defined by the minimum inter‐event time (MIT) and the minimum depth (1 mm). Seven MITs (30, 60, 120, 180, 360, 720, and 1440 min) were considered to evaluate the behaviour of rainfall event characteristics and their relationships. The Gaussian mixture model method was applied to identify regions with similar rainfall patterns according to the MIT. Six groups with homogeneous characteristics were identified, evidencing the climatic diversity of Brazil. The results show that the MIT strongly influences precipitation properties (especially the dry time and the number of events). The highest number of events occurred in the North‐east Coast region, which exceeded 200 events per year (MIT < 60 min), while the lowest number of events was observed in the Semiarid region, which reached only 38 events per year with an MIT of 1440 min. Moreover, the events with the highest rainfall intensities were found in the Central region. The results found in this study provide a better understanding of precipitation and its characteristics in Brazil, highlighting the climatological diversity of this country.
A case of unilateral sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary in a postmenopausal female
Authors: Gao Chao , Han Yanyan , Fan Xiangqin , Dong Haiwei , Xue Fengxia , Wang Yingmei 
Published: November 2023

SynopsisAlthough SSTs predominantly affect young women, postmenopausal women with pelvic masses should not be overlooked. A comprehensive approach is necessary for diagnosis of this tumor.
Research progress of indocyanine green fluorescence technology in gynecological applications
Authors: Li Qing , Zhang Li , Fang Fang , Xu Ping , Zhang Chunhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIndocyanine green is a near‐infrared fluorescent dye which is widely used in various fields of surgery and gynecology. It is currently mainly used to detect various malignant tumors, sentinel lymph nodes, endometriosis lesions, ureter or intestinal occlusion, vaginal perfusion, uterine arterial blood perfusion, pelvic nerve, uterine niche, lymphatic edema, metastatic lesion shadow, and so on, providing new methods for decision‐making during surgery. This article elaborates the application progress of indocyanine green fluorescence technology in gynecology.