bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A policy‐modeling approach to examining fairness judgments in organizational acquisitions
Authors: Citera Maryalice , Stuhlmacher Alice F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOrganizational acquisitions may be characterized by the degree of friendliness or hostility as well as the degree of autonomy or absorption of the organizations following the merger. This study examined judgments of fairness across four types of organizational acquisitions. Students read fictitious newspaper accounts of a university acquisition and rated their expectations and perceptions of fairness about possible changes. Results indicated that in an acquisition, both the procedures used and the outcomes provided influenced how fair the acquisition was perceived. As predicted, the relative importance of procedures and outcomes in overall perceptions of fairness shifted depending on the context of the acquisition. As the desirability of the acquisition increased, individuals placed greater importance on the procedural elements. In a friendly and low integration acquisition, the processes and outcomes became equally important. Individuals faced with a high integration acquisition expected more unfair changes and fewer fair changes to occur. Furthermore, these results highlight the importance expectations play in perceptions of fairness. The type of acquisition will influence expectations for fair treatment. Under less desirable conditions (hostile and high‐integration mergers), organizations should take steps early in the process to manage fairness perceptions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemiluminescent assay of alkaline phosphatase using dihydroxyacetone phosphate as substrate detected with lucigenin
Authors: Kokado Amane , Arakawa Hidetoshi , Maeda Masako 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA sensitive and simple chemiluminescent assay (CL) for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using dihydroxyacetone phosphate or its ketal (DHAP or DHAP‐ketal) was developed. New substrates were transformed to dihydroxyacetone (DHA) after they were hydrolysed by ALP, which reacts with lucigenin and produces strong chemiluminescence. Under the optimum assay condition, the detection limits were 3.8 × 10−19 and 1.5 × 10−18 moles of ALP, respectively. The coefficients of variation (CV) at each points on the standard curve were 0.8–5.4% and 1.8–7.1% (n = 6), respectively. The mechanism of lucigenin CL with DHA was investigated by ESR spectrometry using the spin‐trapping method. The mechanism was speculated as follows: the O2− generated by the reaction of DHA and O2 in alkaline solution reacts with lucigenin, and then emit light. The proposed CL assay was applied to the enzyme immunoassay of 17β‐oestradiol, using ALP as a label enzyme. The measurable range of 17β‐oestradiol was 15–4000 pg/mL, and the proposed method was four times more sensitive than the colorimetric assay for ALP by using 4‐nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of the Society for Coronary Angiography and Interventions' lesion classification system in 14,133 patients with percutaneous coronary interventions in the current stent era
Authors: Krone Ronald J. , Kimmel Stephen E. , Laskey Warren K. , Klein Lloyd W. , Schechtman Kenneth B. , Cosentino J.J. Adolfo , Babb Joseph D. , Weiner Bonnie H. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe recently showed that the ACC/AHA coronary lesion classification could be simplified with no loss of predictive value (SCAI I = patent/non‐C; SCAI II = patent/C; SCAI III = occluded/non‐C; SCAI IV = occluded/C). We now test this system in a database reflecting current stent usage. Data from 14,133 patients with single‐native‐vessel interventions recorded in the Society for Coronary Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) Registry from July 1996 to July 1999 were analyzed. Stents were used in 60.2% of procedures. Logistic models predicting angiographic success suggested a slight, clinically insignificant preference for the SCAI classification (c‐statistic = 0.692 vs. 0.670). Models using clinical variables to predict major complications were superior to models using only lesion classification. Lesion characteristics were related to outcomes primarily in elective (not acute myocardial infarction) patients. In the current PCI device era, the simpler SCAI classification using 7 variables predicted interventional success and complications as well as or better than the ACC/AHA system requiring 26. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:1–7. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial experience and safety in the treatment of chronic total occlusions with fiberoptic guidance technology: Optical coherent reflectometry
Authors: Cordero Herbert , Warburton Katherine D. , Underwood Paul L. , Heuser Richard R. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPercutaneous treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions has been limited by procedural complications such as vessel injury or perforation. Optimizing visualization in the vessel with optical coherent reflectometry and a forward‐looking fiberoptic guidance technology may improve the safety and efficacy of percutaneous treatment of these lesions. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:180–187. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reliability of fractional flow reserve measurements in patients with associated microvascular dysfunction: Importance of flow on translesional pressure gradient
Authors: Claeys Marc J. , Bosmans Johan M. , Hendrix Johan , Vrints Chris J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractFractional flow reserve (FFR) has been applied with success as a lesion‐specific functional indicator of stenosis severity, at least in patients with normal microcirculation. This study sought to assess the reliability of FFR calculations in patients with associated microvascular dysfunction (e.g., post myocardial infarction, or post‐MI). First, the effect of coronary flow changes on translesional pressure gradient was assessed. Therefore, intracoronary pressure and flow was recorded simultaneously across 19 non–infarct‐related lesions (both pre‐ and postinterventional lesions with a mean diameter stenosis of 47% ± 12%). Measurements were performed by means of a pressure and Doppler wire during maximal hyperemia and also during submaximal hyperemia induced by low‐dose adenosine. The drop of coronary flow from 48 ± 23 ml/min during maximal hyperemia to 36 ± 18 ml/min during submaximal hyperemia was associated with a small decrease in translesional pressure gradient (from 22 ± 12 mm Hg to 19 ± 12 mm Hg; P = 0.02) and a small increase in the mean distal/arterial pressure ratio (Pd/Pa) going from 77% ± 11% to 81% ± 11% (P = 0.003). Then, intracoronary pressure and flow measurements were compared across 21 non–infarct‐related lesions vs. 22 matched infarct‐related lesions. For a similar angiographic stenosis severity (% DS = ± 44%), maximal flow was 48 ± 22 ml/min in the non‐infarct arteries and 37 ± 26 ml/min in the infarct arteries (P = 0.03), confirming the presence of severe microvascular dysfunction in infarct regions. Similar to the earlier findings, this hyperemic flow reduction in MI patients was associated with a small increase of FFR (= Pd/Pa): 79% ± 12% in no MI vs. 83% ± 12% in MI patients (P = 0.3). A reduction of hyperemic flow by + 5%, such as can be found in patients with severely impaired microvascular function, has a limited effect on FFR calculations (+ 5%). This finding allows the application of standard FFR calculations in a more general population of ischemic heart disease, including patients with recent MI. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2001;54:427–434. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunosuppressive effects of extracellular adenosine on immune cells: Implications for the pathogenesis of ADA SCID and immunomodulation
Authors: Gomez Gregorio , Apasov Sergey , Sitkovsky Michail V. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSignaling through extracellular adenosine receptors is believed to account for the wide‐ranging effects of adenosine. Interest of immunologists in adenosine stems from the observation that ADA deficiency leads to the inheritable SCID syndrome, and the data reviewed here indicate that at least some of the characteristics of ADA‐SCID may be a consequence of extracellular adenosine signaling. Studies of adenosine receptor and ADA‐deficient mice may provide the genetic evidence necessary to implicate extracellular adenosine as an important mediator in pathogenesis of ADA SCID and in demonstration of selectivity of adenosine‐based immunomodulating drugs. Drug Dev. Res. 53:218–224, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of increased liver triglyceride content: a culprit of diabetic hyperglycaemia?
Authors: Song Shaoming 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe role of fat in the aetiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes has been re‐considered in the present review. This is because of the questions raised by recent created mouse models imitating human lipodystrophy diabetes. It appears that hepatic steatosis, which is shared by both lipodystrophy and most if not all obesity patients, may play a key role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes despite the fact that lipodystrophy is an extreme state and occurs more rarely than obesity. The possible link between lipid and glucose metabolisms via peroxisome activity has been examined and its role in determining hyperglycaemia is suggested. Moreover, new avenues towards a better understanding of insulin resistance at the genomic level have also been proposed. It appears that one of the most fundamental biological phenomena, fuel selection, may underlie the causes of diabetic hyperglycaemia and perplex the role of fat in the aetiology of insulin resistance. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quality statistics in canonical correspondence analysis
Authors: Graffelman Jan 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCanonical correspondence analysis is an important multivariate tool in ecology. A key aspect of the analysis is the representation of species optima, where these optima are estimated by the weighted averages of the species with respect to environmental variables. This article shows that, strictly speaking, canonical correspondence analysis does not optimize the representation of the species optima but the inertia of the abundance matrix under linear constraints. It is argued that the eigenvalues obtained in the analysis, usually reported in applied studies, are a measure of the quality of the display of the abundance matrix, and only indicate the quality of representation of the species optima when environmental variables are uncorrelated. In practice, environmental variables are often correlated. Thus, additional quality statistics are needed to express how well the species optima are represented. In this article we derive quality statistics for the representation of the species optima and the environmental variables, and use artificial and empirical data to illustrate their use. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LPL polymorphism predicts stroke risk in men
Authors: Morrison Alanna C. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Bray Molly , Chambless Lloyd E. , Sharrett A. Richey , Boerwinkle Eric 
Published: August 2002

AbstractVariation in lipid levels has been associated with atherosclerotic vascular disease, including stroke. Genes contributing to interindividual variation in lipid levels may play a role in the etiology of stroke, either through their effects on lipid synthesis and metabolism or through separate pathways. For this reason, we sought to examine the association between polymorphisms in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes and subclinical and clinical stroke in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Subclinical stroke was determined by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Subclinical cerebral infarct cases (n = 197) were compared to a stratified random sample identified from individuals participating in the MRI examination (n = 200). Incidence of clinical ischemic stroke was determined by following the ARIC cohort for an average of 7.5 years for potential cerebrovascular events; 218 validated clinical ischemic strokes were identified. A stratified random sample of the ARIC cohort (CRS, n = 964) was used as the comparison group for clinical cases. The LPL S291‐carrying genotypes and APOE ϵ2‐ and ϵ4‐carrying genotypes were not significantly associated with subclinical or clinical stroke. The LPL X447‐containing genotypes were significantly associated with subclinical (odds ratio [OR], 4.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–15.15; P = 0.020) and clinical stroke (hazard rate ratio [HRR], 2.57; 95% CI, 1.24–5.34; P = 0.01) in men, both by themselves and after adjustment for multiple stroke risk factors. The LPL S447X polymorphism is significantly associated with subclinical cerebral infarction and incident clinical ischemic stroke in men from a middle‐aged American population. This association does not appear to be mediated by triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐ and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol levels, or additional stroke risk factors. Genet. Epidemiol. 22:233–242, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Completeness and accuracy of registration of ovarian cancer in the cancer registry of Norway
Authors: Tingulstad Solveig , Halvorsen Tore , Norstein Jarle , Hagen Bjørn , Skjeldestad Finn Egil 
Published: August 2002

AbstractCompleteness of reporting and accuracy of the diagnosis of ovarian cancer from one health region in Norway to the Cancer Registry were examined. Data kept by the Cancer Registry were evaluated against discharge diagnosis data from all 8 hospitals in the health region during the period of 1987–1996. The assessment of the accuracy of the diagnosis recorded in the Cancer Registry was based on review of all medical records in the hospital setting and on slide review of all histologic diagnoses. The overall completeness of reporting ovarian cancer to the Cancer Registry was 99.6%. The organ specific completeness of registration of histologic verified ovarian cancer within the Cancer Registry was 95.3%; 0.9% was erroneously coded and 3.5% had their diagnosis changed to ovarian cancer at re‐evaluation. Of all ovarian cancer cases registered at the Cancer Registry, 91% had a primary histologic diagnosis. Among 591 cases identified with a histologic diagnosis in the Cancer Registry, the accuracy of the diagnosis was estimated at 92%. Coding errors were found in 2% of these cases, while in 6% of the cases it was not possible to reproduce the original diagnosis of ovarian cancer at re‐evaluation. In order to provide data of high quality for cancer surveillance a cancer registry needs several data providers, such as histopathologic laboratory reports and clinical reports. In addition, assessment of reported data through stringent quality assurance procedures within the registry are necessary for reaching a nearly 100% completeness of registration as found for ovarian cancer in the Cancer Registry of Norway. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heat shock mediated modulation of protein kinase CK2 in the nuclear matrix*
Authors: Davis Alan T. , Wang Huamin , Zhang Ping , Ahmed Khalil 
Published: August 2002

AbstractNuclear matrix, a key structure in the nuclear framework, appears to be a particularly responsive target during heat shock treatment of cells. We have previously shown that nuclear matrix is a preferential target for protein kinase CK2 signaling in the nucleus. The levels of CK2 in the nuclear matrix undergo dynamic changes in response to altered growth status in the cell. Here, we have demonstrated that CK2 targeting to the nuclear matrix is profoundly influenced by treatment of the cells to temperatures higher than 37°C. Rapid increase in the nuclear matrix association of CK2 is observed when cells are placed at temperatures of 41 and 45°C. This effect at 45°C was higher than at 41°C, and was time‐dependent. Also, different cell lines behaved in a qualitatively similar manner though the quantitative responses differed. The modulations in the nuclear matrix associated CK2 in response to heat shock appear to be due to trafficking of the enzyme between cytosolic and nuclear compartments. In addition, it was noted that isolated nuclei subjected to heat shock also responded by a shuttling of the intrinsic CK2 to the nuclear matrix compartment. These results suggest that modulations in CK2 in the nuclear compartment in response to the heat stress occur not only by a translocation of the enzyme from the cytoplasmic compartment to the nuclear compartment, but also that there is a redistribution of the kinase within the nuclear compartment resulting in a preferential association with the nuclear matrix. The results support the notion that CK2 association with the nuclear matrix in response to heat shock may serve a protective role in the cell response to stress. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 583–591, 2002. Published 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A case illustration of resistance from a gestalt‐experiential perspective
Authors: Engle David , Holiman Marjorie 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe case of Victoria illustrates psychotherapy with a woman faced with a difficult and unexpected divorce. The authors present a summary of typical struggles faced by Victoria through three phases of therapy. The therapy focused initially on coping with the divorce, then moved to work on her career dissatisfaction, and finally to her efforts to develop a new relationship. The case presentation illustrates resistance as it manifested itself in both a behavioral manner and as in‐session resistance to awareness of internal states. The behavioral mode of resistance is manifested by her inability to follow through on decisions made in therapy sessions and by her interruptions of ongoing therapy. A transcript of a typical in‐session exchange illustrates the resistance to awareness. The authors also describe interventions intended to work with the resistance. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol/In Session 58: 151–156, 2002.
Precision of magnetic resonance velocity and acceleration measurements: Theoretical issues and phantom experiments
Authors: Durand Emmanuel P. , Jolivet Odile , Itti Emmanuel , Tasu Jean‐Pierre , Bittoun Jacques 
Published: August 2002

AbstractMagnetic resonance (MR) sequences have been developed for acquiring multiple components of velocity and/or acceleration in a reasonable time and with a single acquisition. They have many parameters that influence the precision of measurements: NS, the number of flow‐encoding steps; NEX, the number of signal accumulations; and ND, the number of dimensions. Our aims were to establish a general relationship revealing the precision of these measurements as a function of NS, ND, and NEX and to validate it by experiments using phantoms. Previous work on precision has been restricted to two‐step (NS = 2) or 1D (ND = 1) MR velocity measurements. We describe a comprehensive approach that encompasses both multistep and multidimensional strategies. Our theoretical formula gives the precision of velocity and acceleration measurements. It was validated experimentally with measurements on a rotating disk phantom. This phantom was much easier to handle than fluid‐based phantoms. It could be used to assess both velocity and acceleration sequences and provided accurate and precise assessments over a wide, adjustable range of values within a single experiment. Increasing each of the three parameters, NS, ND, and NEX, improves the precision but makes the acquisition time longer. However, if only one parameter is to be assessed, maximizing the number of steps (NS) is the most efficient way of improving the precision of measurements; if several parameters are of interest, they should be measured simultaneously. By contrast, increasing the number of signals accumulated (NEX) is the least efficient strategy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:445–451. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nitric oxide and Coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis: Differential expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in mouse heart after infection with virulent or attenuated virus
Authors: Bevan Adrian L. , Zhang Hongyi , Li Yanwen , Archard Leonard C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIncreased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been found in inflammatory myocardial disease and increased production of nitric oxide (NO) has both an inhibitory effect on virus replication and a cytotoxic effect on host cells. To investigate the relationship between severity of enteroviral myocarditis and iNOS expression, a characterised murine model was infected with either cardiovirulent or an attenuated Coxsackievirus B3 and myocardial samples were collected on Day 7. The ability of these viruses to induce NOS expression was compared by measurement of iNOS enzyme activity and localisation of iNOS protein or peroxynitrite, a product of excessive NO production. In accordance with previous reports, high expression of iNOS was detected in mice infected with the cardiovirulent virus. The iNOS protein was located mainly in infiltrating macrophages in and around foci of necrotic myofibres where viral genomic RNA was detected. In contrast, the level of iNOS expression was significantly lower in mice infected with the attenuated virus. This correlates with fewer and smaller myocarditic lesions and less infiltrating cells in the heart. iNOS was not detected in mock‐infected mice by the above assays. These findings suggest that one mechanism of attenuation may be associated with the reduced ability of the variant to induce NOS expression in the heart. This also confirms a cytotoxic role for NO in the pathogenesis of Coxsackievirus B3‐induced myocarditis. J. Med. Virol. 64:175–182, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single molecule surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering on colloidal silver and Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers coated with silver overlayers
Authors: Lemma Tibebe , Aroca Ricardo F. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractSingle molecule detection (SMD) of a new perylene dye containing a terminal NH2 group, n‐butylimidoethylenamineperylene (PTCD‐NH2), adsorbed on colloidal silver and silver island films was achieved using surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS). This work represents the first comparative SERRS study where SMD was achieved using two of the most commonly used SERS substrates, colloidal silver and silver island films. SERRS spectra were obtained in colloidal silver solution with analyte concentrations varying from 10−6 to 10−12 M and also from silver sols dispersed and dried on polysilane‐coated substrates. SERRS on silver islands was obtained by vacuum evaporation of a 6 nm mass thickness silver overlayer on to a Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) monolayer containing 1, 10 and 100 dye molecules per µm2 of surface area. The LB technique is ideally suited to obtain spatially resolved spectra of single molecules dispersed in the matrix of a fatty acid, as is used here to obtain SERRS from a few dye molecules found within the area of illumination. The characteristic fundamental vibrational wavenumbers observed in the single molecule SERRS spectra were unequivocally assigned with the help of their first overtones and combinations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.