bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of green finance on total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency in China
Authors: Hu Xiaoqiang , Xia Yihan , Guo Jiahui , Zhong Yexi , Mao Jianbo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on an analysis of the relationship between green finance and total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency, this article measures the levels of green finance and total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency in 30 provinces and cities in China. It also establishes a spatial Durbin model to quantitatively explore the impact of green finance on China’s total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency. The results indicate that currently, green finance and total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency in China follow a distribution pattern of high in the east, medium in the central region, and low in the west. The impact of green finance on total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency demonstrates a U-shaped relationship, and the spatial spillover effect between the two displays a similar U-shaped trend. The mechanism analysis demonstrates that green finance exerts a U-shaped influence on the efficiency of reducing total factor carbon emissions through the interplay of technological progress and technical efficiency enhancements. Other variables, such as research and development investment, comprehensive energy consumption, human capital, infrastructure construction, and government regulation, also have an impact on total factor carbon emission reduction efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended that regions strengthen their green finance initiatives, support efforts to carbon emission reduction, and contribute towards achieving the “dual-carbon” goal.
Jordanien: Aufnahmeland und europäisches Auffangbecken für Geflüchtete unter prekären Bedingungen
Authors: Scherr Albert 
Published: November 2023

ZusammenfassungAus deutscher und europäischer Perspektive betrachtet ist Jordanien ein Auffangbecken für Geflüchtete, deren Weiterwanderung nach Europa vermieden werden soll. Im Unterschied zum „Türkei-Deal“ findet die Bedeutung Jordaniens als außereuropäisches Aufnahmeland in der deutschen Öffentlichkeit jedoch kaum Beachtung. Der Beitrag informiert über die soziale, rechtliche und ökonomische Situation von Flüchtlingen in Jordanien und zielt darauf, eine Debatte über Auswirkungen und künftige Erfordernisse der deutsch-jordanischen Kooperation anzustoßen.
Early combination therapy of COVID-19 in high-risk patients
Authors: Orth Hans Martin , Flasshove Charlotte , Berger Moritz , Hattenhauer Tessa , Biederbick Kaja D. , Mispelbaum Rebekka , Klein Uwe , Stemler Jannik , Fisahn Matthis , Doleschall Anna D. , Baermann Ben-Niklas , Koenigshausen Eva , Tselikmann Olga , Killer Alexander , de Angelis Clara , Gliga Smaranda , Stegbauer Johannes , Spuck Nikolai , Silling Gerda , Rockstroh Jürgen K. , Strassburg Christian P. , Brossart Peter , Panse Jens P. , Jensen Björn-Erik Ole , Luedde Tom , Boesecke Christoph , Heine Annkristin , Cornely Oliver A. , Monin Malte B. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prolonged shedding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been observed in immunocompromised hosts. Early monotherapy with direct-acting antivirals or monoclonal antibodies, as recommended by the international guidelines, does not prevent this with certainty. Dual therapies may therefore have a synergistic effect.

Methods
This retrospective, multicentre study compared treatment strategies for corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) with combinations of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, remdesivir, molnupiravir, and/ or mABs during the Omicron surge. Co-primary endpoints were prolonged viral shedding (≥ 106 copies/ml at day 21 after treatment initiation) and days with SARS-CoV-2 viral load ≥ 106 copies/ml. Therapeutic strategies and risk groups were compared using odds ratios and Fisher’s tests or Kaplan−Meier analysis and long-rank tests. Multivariable regression analysis was performed.

Results
144 patients were included with a median duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral load ≥ 106 copies/ml of 8.0 days (IQR 6.0–15.3). Underlying haematological malignancies (HM) (p = 0.03) and treatment initiation later than five days after diagnosis (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with longer viral shedding. Prolonged viral shedding was observed in 14.6% (n = 21/144), particularly in patients with underlying HM (OR 3.5; 95% CI 1.2–9.9; p = 0.02). Clinical courses of COVID-19 were mild to moderate with only few adverse effects potentially related to combination treatment.

Conclusion
Early combination treatment of COVID-19 effectively prevented prolonged viral shedding in 85.6% of cases. Considering the rapid viral clearance rates and low toxicity, individualized dual therapy approaches may be beneficial in high-risk patients.
Interfacial mechanism of hydrogel with controllable thickness for stable drag reduction
Authors: Wu Xiaotong , Liu Ying , Zhang Yunlei , Wang Xingwei , Yang Wufang , Jiang Lang , Ma Shuanhong , Cai Meirong , Zhou Feng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSurface wettability plays a significant role in reducing solid-liquid frictional resistance, especially the superhydrophilic/hydrophilic interface because of its excellent thermodynamic stability. In this work, poly(acrylic acid)-poly(acrylamide) (PAA–PAM) hydrogel coatings with different thicknesses were prepared in situ by polydopamine (PDA)-UV assisted surface catalytically initiated radical polymerization. Fluid drag reduction performance of hydrogel surface was measured using a rotational rheometer by the plate-plate mode. The experimental results showed that the average drag reduction of hydrogel surface could reach up to about 56% in Couette flow, which was mainly due to the interfacial polymerization phenomenon that enhanced the ability of hydration layer to delay the momentum dissipation between fluid layers and the diffusion behavior of surface. The proposed drag reduction mechanism of hydrogel surface was expected to shed new light on hydrogel-liquid interface interaction and provide a new way for the development of steady-state drag reduction methods.
Rapid surface texturing to achieve robust superhydrophobicity, controllable droplet impact, and anti-frosting performances
Authors: Dai Qingwen , Chen Lei , Pan Jiabao , Shi Liping , Liu Dameng , Huang Wei , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRobust superhydrophobic surfaces with excellent capacities of repelling water and anti-frosting are of importance for many mechanical components. In this work, wear-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated by curing a mixture of polyurethane acrylate (PUA) coating and 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (HFTCS) on titanium alloy (TC4) surfaces decorated with micropillars pattern, thus, composite functional surfaces with PUA coating in the valleys around the micropillars pattern of TC4 were achieved. Apparent contact angle on fabricated surfaces could reach 167°. Influences of the geometric parameters of micropillars pattern on the apparent contact angle were investigated, and the corresponding wear-resistant property was compared. Droplet impact and anti-frosting performances on the prepared surfaces were highlighted. An optimized design of surface texture with robust superhydrophobicity, controllable droplet impact, and anti-frosting performances was proposed. This design principle is of promising prospects for fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces in traditional mechanical systems.
Pseudo-partial-derivative information-driven adaptive fault-tolerant tracking control for discrete-time systems
Authors: Wang Yuan , Du Zhenbin , Wu Yanming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe fault-tolerant tracking control problem is studied for the discrete-time systems with actuator faults. To lessen adverse impacts of actuator fault, a PPD information-driven fault estimation algorithm is established to adaptively estimate actuator fault information online, which avoids the additional construction and training process of neural network. With the aid of the adaptive fault compensation, a model-free adaptive fault-tolerant tracking control algorithm is constructed to ensure that the expected output reference trajectory can be tracked by system output. Moreover, only input and output data are employed throughout the design process, system dynamics are not demanded. Ultimately, the availability of developed strategy is proved through a simulation.
From Envy to Radicalization
Authors: Moncrieff Michael , Lienard Pierre 
Published: November 2023

AbstractModels of radicalization have typically placed grievances at the heart of radicalization. In contrast, we argue that viewing the radicalizing agent as decidedly proactive, and less reactive, better accounts for the available data. At the core of our radicalization model is the functional structure of envy. The operative properties of the emotion align with essential and conspicuous features of the radicalization process: a motivation to monitor social differentials, an identification of sources of postulated welfare costs, an impulse to eliminate or depower purported competitors, an attempt to diffuse responsibility for one’s aggressive actions, and the rejoicing at the envied agent’s misfortune. Two of those operative properties are particularly important for our understanding of radicalization. Envy motivates the neutralization of competitors when responsibility for welfare costs is not objectively attributable to others’ wrongdoing toward the party who feels injured. The “process of typification” serves as a means to diffuse responsibility. It extends the reach of individual concerns by downplaying the particulars of the personal situation motivating the envious agent while evoking universally shared interaction templates (e.g., humiliation, injustice) to appeal to a broader audience.
Surrogate models for the stiffened catenaries: applications in subsea pipe laying
Authors: Aleyaasin Majid. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the governing nonlinear ODE of the suspended stiffened catenary is reinvestigated. It is shown that strong nonlinearity arises from stiffened catenary length, which should be checked by an iterative numerical solution. The two concepts of stiffened catenary (guessed length) and natural catenary (known length) geometries of the suspended pipe, are compared and critically commented upon. In applying the theory to subsea pipeline installation, it is shown that natural catenary assumption, underestimates the installation stresses, particularly in shallow water and low laying depth. However, the true values of the stresses can be computed via stiffened catenary theory, in which the bending stiffness of the suspended pipe is not ignored. Thereafter, substantial iterative numerical solution of the governing nonlinear differential equation, in each load case is carried out. From these batch simulations, a surrogate expression is developed via optimization techniques. This model provides a correction factor by which, the accurate installation stress can be found. Moreover, the accuracy of results is verified by FEM analysis. It is concluded that for the initial estimation of the stresses, the simple natural catenary assumption, which is currently practiced can be used. However, the results should be corrected by the new surrogate expression, that has been produced in this paper. This can eliminate the underestimation of the installation stresses when a simple computational procedure is used.
SHPIA 2.0: An Easily Scalable, Low-Cost, Multi-purpose Smart Home Platform for Intelligent Applications
Authors: Demrozi Florenc , Turetta Cristian , Pravadelli Graziano 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSensors, electronic devices, and smart systems have invaded the market and our daily lives. As a result, their utility in smart home contexts to improve the quality of life, especially for the elderly and people with special needs, is getting stronger and stronger. Therefore, many systems based on smart applications and intelligent devices have been developed, for example, to monitor people’s environmental contexts, help in daily-life activities, and analyze their health status. However, most existing solutions have drawbacks related to accessibility and usability. They tend to be expensive and lack generality and interoperability. These solutions are not easily scalable and are typically designed for specific constrained scenarios. This paper tackles such drawbacks by presenting SHPIA 2.0, an easily scalable, low-cost, multi-purpose smart home platform for intelligent applications. It leverages low-cost Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices featuring both BLE connected and BLE broadcast modes, to transform common objects of daily life into smart objects. Moreover, SHPIA 2.0 allows the collection and automatic labeling of different data types to provide indoor monitoring and assistance. Specifically, SHPIA 2.0 is designed to be adaptable to different home-based application scenarios, including human activity recognition, coaching systems, and occupancy detection and counting. The SHPIA platform is open source and freely available to the scientific community, fostering collaboration and innovation.
Understanding regional variation in euthanasia using geomedical frameworks: a critical ethical reflection
Authors: Groenewoud A. Stef , Westert Gert P. , Boer Theo A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractConsiderable geographical variation in the uptake of euthanasia has been reported: some municipalities in the Netherlands have a 25 times higher euthanasia rate than other municipalities. Current ‘geomedical’ frameworks for interpreting practice variation in health care utilization seem inadequately tailored to understand regional variation in morally controversial procedures such as euthanasia. The aim of this conceptual article is threefold: i) to add relevant medical ethical principles to current frameworks; ii) to provide a four-step ethical-geomedical model for the interpretation of geographical differences in the utilization of health care in general and for ethically controversial treatments in specific; iii) to gain better understanding of the existing geographical variation in the incidence of euthanasia by using this framework in our analysis.
Aircraft fleet availability optimisation: a reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Vos K. , Peng Z. , Lee E. , Wang W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA fleet of aircraft can be seen as a set of degrading systems that undergo variable loads as they fly missions and require maintenance throughout their lifetime. Optimal fleet management aims to maximise fleet availability while minimising overall maintenance costs. To achieve this goal, individual aircraft, with variable age and degradation paths, need to operate cooperatively to maintain high fleet availability while avoiding mechanical failure by scheduling preventive maintenance actions. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective method to optimise complex sequential decision-making problems. In this paper, an RL framework to optimise the operation and maintenance of a fleet of aircraft is developed. Three cases studies, with varying number of aircraft in the fleet, are used to demonstrate the ability of the RL policies to outperform traditional operation/maintenance strategies. As more aircraft are added to the fleet, the combinatorial explosion of the number of possible actions is identified as a main computational limitation. We conclude that the RL policy has potential to support fleet management operators and call for greater research on the application of multi-agent RL for fleet availability optimisation.
Are reporting guidelines used in infectious diseases publications? An analysis of more than 1,000 articles
Authors: Barajas-Ochoa Aldo , Ramirez-Trejo Manuel , Dash Aditee , Raybould Jillian E. , Bearman Gonzalo 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To assess whether 16 reporting guidelines of Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of Health Research (EQUATOR) were used in infectious diseases research publications.

Design:
This cross-sectional, audit-type study assessed articles published in five infectious diseases journals in 2019.

Methods:
All articles were manually reviewed to assess if a reporting guideline was advisable and searched for the names and acronyms of 16 reporting guidelines. An “advisable use rate” was calculated.

Results:
We reviewed 1,251 manuscripts across five infectious diseases journals. Guideline use was advisable for 973 (75%) articles. Reporting guidelines were used in 85 articles, 6.1% of total articles, and 8% (95% CI 6%–9%) of articles for which guidelines were advised. The advisable use rate ranged from 0.06 to 0.17 for any guideline, 0–0.08 for CONSORT, 0.53–1 for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and 0–0.66 for Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD) : The TRIPOD statement. No trends were observed across the five journals.

Conclusions:
The use of EQUATOR-related reporting guidelines is infrequent, despite journals and publishers promoting their usage. Whether this finding is attributable to knowledge, acceptance, or perceived usefulness of the guidelines still needs to be clarified.
Investigating digital technologies’ implementation in circular businesses: Evidence from the going circular path
Authors: Perotti Francesco Antonio , Dhir Amandeep , Ferraris Alberto , Kliestik Tomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis research aims to unpack how digital technologies can facilitate the flourishing of circular business practices in small- and medium-sized enterprises by structuring a detailed going circular path that explains businesses’ evolution toward circularity. In doing so, it outlines how the observed organizations have adopted – or are adopting – circular economy principles thanks to business digitalization. Following an inductive approach based on a multiple case study methodology, we investigated 16 small- and medium-sized enterprises operating in industries that put considerable pressure on the environment (e.g., manufacturing, chemical, construction, fashion, food, and beverage). Our findings confirm how digital technologies, as well as Industry 4.0 structures, play a fundamental role in shaping, enabling, enhancing, and refining circular products and processes development. Accordingly, we outline a generalizable step-by-step process to pursue circular economy by employing digital technologies. The present study represents a practical handout for guiding companies through their going circular path.
The association between dietary insulin index and dietary insulin load with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Soleimani Damaneh Mohadeseh , Aryaeian Naheed , Khajoenia Shole , Azadbakht Leila , Hosseini-Baharanchi Fatemeh Sadat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to assess the relationship between dietary insulin index (DII) and dietary insulin load (DIL) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in a case–control study. This study enrolled ninety-five newly diagnosed RA patients and 200 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative FFQ. DII and DIL were calculated using food insulin index values from previously published data. In the unadjusted model, individuals in the highest DIL tertile had the significantly higher odds of RA than those in the lowest tertile of the DIL scores (OR = 1·32, 95 % CI (1·15, 1·78), Pfor trend = 0·009). After adjusting for confounders, the risk of RA was 2·73 times higher for participants in the highest tertile of DIL than for those in the lowest tertile (OR = 2·73, 95 % CI (1·22, 3·95), Pfor trend < 0·001). In addition, patients in the highest DII tertile had higher risk of RA than those in the first tertile (OR = 2·22, 95 % CI (1·48, 3·95), Pfor trend = 0·008). This association persisted after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 3·75, 95 % CI (3·18, 6·78), Pfor trend = 0·002). Our findings suggest that diets high in DII and DIL may increase the risk of developing RA, independent of other potential confounders. These findings can be verified by more research, particularly with a prospective design.
Imagining a Channel Tunnel in France after the First World War
Authors: Carrol Alison 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe cultural shift that France experienced after the First World War has commonly been analysed through the prism of attitudes towards Germany, and the continuation of wartime prejudices in the immediate post-war period. Yet, an exploration of imaginings of future relations with a wartime ally reveals a broad spectrum of assumptions and expectations that span the transition from war to peace. Taking as its focus the prospect of a tunnel under the English Channel, this article situates thinking about France’s future within cultures of nationalism and ideas about international connection. It uses a collection of answers to a 1919 exam question which asked what might be the likely consequences of a Channel tunnel, and analyses the themes that emerged as the candidates picked and chose from a variety of different national symbols and images. In so doing, they offered a vision of a tunnel that was rooted in the past and in wartime experiences, but that equally represented a means to strengthen and sustain the Franco-British partnership that would be key to France’s future. Read alongside government and lobby group records, their essays afford a glimpse into grassroots imaginings of both the French nation and the new international order after 1919.
Temperate pasture- or concentrate-beef production systems: steer performance, meat nutritional value, land-use, food–feed competition, economic and environmental sustainability
Authors: Doyle Peter , O'Riordan Edward G , McGee Mark , Crosson Paul , Kelly Alan K , Moloney Aidan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate steer performance, meat nutritional value, land-use, food–feed competition and both economic and environmental sustainability within temperate pasture-based suckler weanling-to-beef systems with or without (forage-only) concentrates. Post-weaning, 8-month-old, late-maturing breed steers (333 kg) were assigned to one of three systems: (1) grass silage + 1.2 kg concentrate DM (148 days), followed by pasture (123 days) and finished on ad libitum concentrates (120 days) – slaughter age, 21 months (GRAIN); (2) as per (1) but pasture (196 days) and finished on grass silage ad libitum + 3.5 kg concentrate DM (124 days) – slaughter age, 24 months (SIL + GRAIN); and (3) grass silage-only (148 days), pasture (196 days), silage-only (140 days) and finished on pasture (97 days) – slaughter age, 28 months (FORAGE). The mean target carcass weight was 390 kg for each system. Data generated were used to parameterize a farm-level beef systems model. Concentrate DM intake was 1187, 606 and 0 kg/head for GRAIN, SIL + GRAIN and FORAGE, respectively. The forage-only (FORAGE) system offers several advantages, including improved farm profitability, enhanced meat fatty acid profile and only utilized inedible human feed. Consequently, associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per net human edible food produced were more favourable for FORAGE. However, compared to GRAIN, the FORAGE system had an older age at slaughter and associated increased pasture land-use and GHG emissions per animal, meat weight gain and essential amino acids gain. There are therefore inevitable trade-offs, as one beef system does not improve all sustainability and GHG emission metrics.