bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report on the 21st International Symposium on Geo‑disaster reduction, 5–8 August 2023, Shanghai, China
Authors: Zheng Hu , Huang Yu , Li Bo , Wang Fawu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe joint event of 21st International Symposium on Geo-disaster Reduction (21st ISGdR) was held onsite and online during 5–8 August 2023 in Shanghai, China. This symposium focused on the theme of “A new era for safe and resilient coastal and marine systems”, providing a platform for academics, researchers and practitioners from different countries to discuss the research progress and exchange ideas on the reduction of disasters. The symposium consisted of keynote lecture, invited lectures and other presentations in parallel session.
COVID-19 and the financial resilience of Finland’s seaports
Authors: Leviäkangas Pekka , Ojala Lauri , Paik Seong Mok , Pekkala Veikko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis research quantifies the impacts that COVID-19 had on the financial performance of Finnish seaports. The data comprises annual financial statement information from 18 seaports. The ports are different in terms of ownership, size, and main lines of business. Most ports’ turnover dropped because of COVID-19, and their profitability declined. However, the ports were able to maintain their financial position quite well despite their declining turnovers. Statistically significant impacts of COVID-19 were observable regarding turnover growth, profitability, labor intensity and capital intensity. Surprisingly, ports with mainly import traffic had the least negative impacts on turnover growth.
Building quality primary health care development in the new era towards universal health coverage: a Beijing initiative
Authors: Ren Minghui , Zhang Tuohong , Xu Jin , Qiao Jie , Qiao Jianrong , Zhan Siyan , Qin Jiangmei , Song Daping , Fang Yanru , Lin Yifang , Jiang Xiaopeng , Guo Yan , Meng Qingyue , Qian Xu , Liu Yunguo , Chan Sophia Siu Chee , Zhao Feng , Yip Winnie , Wang Hong , Wang Minmin , Yin Hui , Liu Zuokun , Li Na , Song Xinyi , Liu Fangfang , Jin Yinzi , Liu Fangjing , Huang Yangmu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPrimary health care (PHC) is the most effective way to improve people's health and well-being, and primary care services should act as the cornerstone of a resilient health system and the foundation of universal health coverage. To promote high quality development of PHC, an International Symposium on Quality Primary Health Care Development was held on December 4–5, 2023 in Beijing, China, and the participants have proposed and advocated the Beijing Initiative on Quality Primary Health Care Development. The Beijing Initiative calls on all countries to carry out and strengthen 11 actions: fulfill political commitment and accountability; achieve “health in all policies” through multisectoral coordination; establish sustainable financing; empower communities and individuals; provide community-based integrated care; promote the connection and integration of health services and social services through good governance; enhance training, allocation and motivation of health workforce, and medical education; expand application of traditional and alternative medicine for disease prevention and illness healing; empower PHC with digital technology; ensure access to medicinal products and appropriate technologies; and last, strengthen global partnership and international health cooperation. The Initiative will enrich the content of quality development of PHC, build consensus, and put forward policies for quality development of PHC in China in the new era, which are expected to make contributions in accelerating global actions.
Digital subtraction angiography findings of stroke in young adult population: a multi-center record-based study
Authors: Tini Kumara , Tedyanto Eric Hartono , Andaka Deddy , Pramana Nyoman Angga Krishna , Widyadharma I Putu Eka 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Stroke is one of the main causes of disability, in which nearly 2/3 of survivors experience disability and interferes with the patient’s daily functional activities. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking habits are the main causes of stroke in young adults. Vascular abnormalities are also risk factor for stroke in young adults. Advanced imaging examinations such as cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) can provide a clear picture of the vasculature of the blood vessels of the human brain and provide a real-time picture of the hemodynamic status, blood flow and collateral circulation of the cerebral vessels.

Results
There were approximately 999 patients who had DSA cerebral examination during the study period. The total young adult population was 147 [92 males (62.4%) and 55 females (37.6%)]. There were 82 patients with ischemic stroke (60.7%). The main etiology of ischemic stroke in this study was intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) [44 (53.65%)]. The young adult population had 53 hemorrhagic stroke patients (39.3%). The main cause of hemorrhagic stroke is hypertensive vasculopathy (41.5%), followed by a ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformation (CAVM) (37.7%). There were 12 patients with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). Headache is the main complaint of patients with venous stroke, followed by seizures and hemiparesis. The transverse sinus is the most common site for occlusion (66.7%).

Conclusion
This study describes the characteristics and prevalence of stroke in young adults based on the results of cerebral DSA examination. Stroke in young adults is not uncommon. Several traditional risk factors in old age are now found in young people. Lifestyle modification is needed to reduce the prevalence of stroke in young adults.
In vitro mitochondrial and myogenic gene expression is influenced by formoterol in human myotubes
Authors: Zumbro Emily L. , Duplanty Anthony A. , Gordon Ryan A. , Guerin Gena D. , Brisebois Matthew F. , Sokoloski Matthew L. , Rigby Brandon R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Exercise is an effective treatment for establishing and maintaining skeletal muscle health. The interconnected cascade of gene expression pathways related to myogenesis, mitochondrial homeostasis, and thyroid hormone metabolism are critical to skeletal muscle health. This in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise mimetic (formoterol) stimulation on human skeletal muscle cell signaling during myogenesis, and to provide insight on potential targets for future studies exploring therapies for skeletal muscle atrophy. Human myoblasts were cultured and differentiated to evaluate the effects of exercise mimetic stimulation on gene expression during mid and late myogenesis.

Results
We characterized the expression of 24 genes related to myogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, thyroid hormone metabolism, and cellular homeostasis and found that 21 genes were altered in response to formoterol, thus affecting related skeletal muscle pathways. Additionally, formoterol stimulation resulted in a myogenic program that appears to favor prolonged myoblast proliferation and delayed myotube maturation. Robust, yet distinctive effects of exercise mimetic stimulation on gene expression during mid-myogenesis and at terminal differentiation occurred. For instance, MYF5 increased in D6 FORM compared to other groups (p < 0.001) while MYOD and MYOG both decreased expression in the FORM groups compared to CON (p < 0.01). Secondly, mitochondrial biogenesis genes were stimulated following formoterol administration, namely PGC-1α, PGC-1β, and TFAM (p < 0.05). Uniquely in our study, thyroid hormone metabolism related genes were differentially expressed. For instance, DIO2 and DIO3 were both stimulated following formoterol administration (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The results of our study support the groundwork for establishing further experiments utilizing exercise signaling as a clinical treatment in models targeting dysfunctional skeletal muscle cell growth.
Biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis indica against pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Thube Shivaji , Shinde Swati , Shah Vivek , Gokte-Narkhedkar Nandini , Ingole Dnyaneshwar , Nikoshe Akash , Tenguri Prabhulinga , Thavkar Snehal , Fand Babasaheb , Deshmukh Vrushali , Prasad Yenumula 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
The emergence of pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), in cotton due to Bt resistance and concealed feeding habit has created a need for alternative, eco-friendly, and cost-effective control methods. This study aimed to evaluate the bio-efficacy and reproductive potential of two native strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis indica, namely CICR-HI-CL and CICR-HI-MN, against PBW larvae and pupae under in-vitro conditions.

Results
The larval assay revealed that strain CICR-HI-CL exhibited higher potency than strain CICR-HI-MN against 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar larvae, with median lethal dose (LD50) values of 5.45, 4.45, and 4.60 infective juveniles (IJs) per larva, respectively. In case of pupal bioassay, both EPN strains demonstrated greater virulence when applied directly (LD50 values: 29.65 and 73.88 IJs per pupa for strains CICR-HI-CL and CICR-HI-MN, respectively) compared to soil application (147.84 and 272.38 IJs per pupa). Both EPN strains successfully penetrated and reproduced on 4th instar larvae, resulting in maximum production of 19.28 and 20.85 lakh IJs per larva in the next generation when inoculated at 30 IJs per larva.

Conclusion
The present study has generated useful information on the virulence and reproductive potential of two strains of EPN H. indica (CICR-HI-CL and CICR-HI-MN) against PBW, a dreaded pest of cotton. Higher virulence and reproductive potential of EPN strains demonstrated their ability to multiply, sustain and perpetuate on larval and pupal stages of PBW. The knowledge generated will help formulate effective management strategies for PBW with the inclusion of EPN as a potential biological control candidate. The soil-dwelling life stages viz., last instar hibernating larvae and pupae of PBW can be the ideal weak links to make a successful use of H. indica for sustainable management of PBW in the cotton ecosystem. However, before taking these EPN strains to field for managing PBW, detailed studies investigating their biocontrol potential against PBW under field conditions are needed.
Evolution and ecology of Jeilongvirus among wild rodents and shrews in Singapore
Authors: Ch’ng Lena , Low Dolyce H.W. , Borthwick Sophie A. , Zhang Rong , Ong Zoe A. , Su Yvonne C.F. , Hitch Alan T. , Smith Gavin J.D. , Mendenhall Ian H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Jeilongvirus was proposed as a new genus within the Paramyxoviridae in 2018. The advancement in metagenomic approaches has encouraged multiple reports of Jeilongvirus detection following the initial species discovery, enriching species diversity and host range within the genus. However, Jeilongvirus remains understudied in Singapore, where interfaces between humans and small mammals are plentiful.

Methods
Here, we utilized metagenomic sequencing for the exploration of viral diversity in small mammal tissues. Upon discovery of Jeilongvirus, molecular screening and full genome sequencing was conducted, with the data used to conduct statistical modelling and phylogenetic analysis.

Results
We report the presence of Jeilongvirus in four species of Singapore wild small mammals, detected in their spleen and kidney. We show that full genomes of three Singapore Jeilongvirus encode for eight ORFs including the small hydrophobic and transmembrane proteins. All generated genomes cluster phylogenetically within the small mammal subclade, but share low genetic similarity with representative Jeilongvirus species. Statistical modelling showed no spatial or temporal patterns and differences among species, life history traits and habitat types.

Conclusions
This study serves as a basis for understanding dynamics between Jeilongvirus and small mammal hosts in Singapore by displaying the virus generalist nature. In addition, the initial detection can help to invoke improved routine surveillance and detection of circulating pathogens in synanthropic hosts.
Congenital absence of sternum with tetralogy of Fallot, right aortic arch, and bilateral superior vena cava
Authors: Chavan Santosh , Narkhede Nilima , Weling Rajaram 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Congenital complete absence of sternal bone or cleft sternum or absent sternum is a very rare and potentially life-threatening birth defect. An association of cleft sternum with tetralogy of Fallot, right aortic arch, and bilateral superior vena cava is extremely rare, and not many cases have been reported.

Case presentation
A 2-year-old child was brought for routine checkup. He was a known case of congenital heart disease and midline thoracic defect at age of 3 months. Further investigations revealed absent sternum with tetralogy of Fallot, large cono-ventricular defect with bidirectional shunt, severe infundibular pulmonary stenosis, superiorly located right aortic arch, and bilateral superior vena cava.

Conclusion
Congenital absence of the sternum with intracardiac defects like tetralogy of Fallot with right aortic arch and bilateral superior vena cava is extremely rare malformation. Early diagnosis and surgical correction give the infant the best chance of survival.
Misdiagnosed cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with bilobar hepatic metastasis managed with single-stage resection — a case report
Authors: Uddin Maham Nasir , Khan Muhammad Arsalan , Khan Abdaal Waseem 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) account for less than 2% of all pancreatic tumors, while cystic PNETs account for only 10–18% of all resected PNETs. The most common site for metastasis is the liver. Few detailed guidelines currently exist for management of stage 4 cystic PNETs. This is a unique case that was managed with complete surgical resection in one sitting.

Case presentation
Our report is on a young male patient who was initially misdiagnosed as having a pancreatic pseudocyst and treated accordingly. He was finally diagnosed with PNET but was reluctant to undergo surgery until he developed bilobar hepatic metastasis. We performed a pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy and wedge resection of both hepatic metastatic deposits.

Conclusion
Cystic PNETs are rare and commonly misdiagnosed as pancreatic pseudocysts. Surgical resection is considered ideal, but sparse literature exists on the management due to a paucity of cases. We have reported this case as it was successfully managed with single-stage surgery for both the primary tumor as well as bilobar hepatic metastatic deposits, and no similar cases have been reported in literature. The follow-up scan revealed no residual disease.
Interaction of telmisartan and related sartans with the programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein dimer: a molecular docking analysis
Authors: Vergoten Gérard , Bailly Christian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundTelmisartan (TLT) is a prototypic angiotensin receptor blocker largely used to treat hypertension worldwide. In addition to its cardioprotective effects, TLT presents pleiotropic activities and notably displays noticeable anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects. The repression of the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint may be implicated antitumor action of TLT, as it is the case with many other compounds equipped with a biphenyl moiety. We have used molecular modeling to compare the interaction of TLT and derivatives with the PD-L1 dimer protein.ResultsTwo molecules, TLT-dimer and TLT-acylglucuronide, were found to form more stable complexes with PD-L1 than TLT itself. In parallel, the docking analysis performed with a series of 12 sartans led to the identification of Olmesartan as a potential PD-L1 binder. The stacked biphenyl unit of Olmesartan positions the molecule along the groove delimited by the two protein monomers. The flanking tetrazole and imidazole moieties, on each side of the biphenyl unit of Olmesartan, contribute favorably to the protein interaction via specific hydrogen bonding interactions.ConclusionsThe computational analysis suggests a possible binding of Olmesartan to PD-L1 dimer and thus offers novel perspectives for the design of small molecules capable of interrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint. Experimental studies are warranted to validate the hypothesis.Graphical abstract
Chronic social defeat stress-induced depression reduces BCG efficacy by promoting regulatory T-cell levels in mice
Authors: Tyagi Rohit , Chen Xi , Dhar Atika , Yang Bing , Zhou Wei , Reheman Aikebaier , Lei Yingying , Cao Gang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDespite the initial successes of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine in children, its efficacy against tuberculosis is highly variable. There is a lack of understanding about how mental conditions influence BCG vaccination. Here, we used the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model to explore the effects of depression on BCG vaccination efficacy. We observed higher lung and spleen bacterial loads and a lower organ index in depressed compared to BCG mice. Meanwhile, a relatively lower T cell protective efficacy was observed in both compared to control and BCG mice via a mycobacterium growth inhibition assay (MGIA). Cytokine expression of IL-12p40, IL-1β, IL-17, TNF-α and IFN-γ was reduced, whereas the expression of IL-10 and IL-5 was increased in the spleen of both compared to BCG mice. Moreover, the proportions of CD4+IFN-γ+, CD8+IFN-γ+ T lymphocytes and CD4+ effector/central memory T cells were reduced in the splenocytes of the depressed BCG mice. Depression promotes CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) generation in depressed mice, contributing to the reduced pro-inflammatory immune response upon BCG vaccination. This study provides insight into the decreased protective immunity by BCG vaccination attributable to depression in mice.
Low Perfusion and Missed Diagnosis of Hypoxemia by Pulse Oximetry in Darkly Pigmented Skin: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gudelunas M. Koa , Lipnick Michael , Hendrickson Carolyn , Vanderburg Sky , Okunlola Bunmi , Auchus Isabella , Feiner John R. , Bickler Philip E. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Retrospective clinical trials of pulse oximeter accuracy report more frequent missed diagnoses of hypoxemia in hospitalized Black patients than White patients, differences that may contribute to racial disparities in health and health care. Retrospective studies have limitations including mistiming of blood samples and oximeter readings, inconsistent use of functional versus fractional saturation, and self-reported race used as a surrogate for skin color. Our objective was to prospectively measure the contributions of skin pigmentation, perfusion index (PI), sex, and age on pulse oximeter errors in a laboratory setting.

METHODS:
We enrolled 146 healthy subjects, including 25 with light skin (Fitzpatrick class I and II), 78 with medium (class III and IV), and 43 with dark (class V and VI) skin. We studied 2 pulse oximeters (Nellcor N-595 and Masimo Radical 7) in prevalent clinical use. We analyzed 9763 matched pulse oximeter readings (pulse oximeter measured functional saturation [Spo
2]) and arterial oxygen saturation (hemoximetry arterial functional oxygen saturation [Sao
2]) during stable hypoxemia (Sao
2 68%–100%). PI was measured as percent infrared light modulation by the pulse detected by the pulse oximeter probe, with low perfusion categorized as PI < 1%. The primary analysis was to assess the relationship between pulse oximeter bias (difference between Sao
2 and Spo
2) by skin pigment category in a multivariable mixed-effects model incorporating repeated-measures and different levels of Sao
2 and perfusion.

RESULTS:
Skin pigment, PI, and degree of hypoxemia significantly contributed to errors (bias) in both pulse oximeters. For PI values of 1.0% to 1.5%, 0.5% to 1.0%, and <0.5%, the P value of the relationship to mean bias or median absolute bias was <.00001. In lightly pigmented subjects, only PI was associated with positive bias, whereas in medium and dark subjects bias increased with both low perfusion and degree of hypoxemia. Sex and age was not related to pulse oximeter bias. The combined frequency of missed diagnosis of hypoxemia (pulse oximeter readings 92%–96% when arterial oxygen saturation was <88%) in low perfusion conditions was 1.1% for light, 8.2% for medium, and 21.1% for dark skin.

CONCLUSIONS:
Low peripheral perfusion combined with darker skin pigmentation leads to clinically significant high-reading pulse oximeter errors and missed diagnoses of hypoxemia. Darkly pigmented skin and low perfusion states are likely the cause of racial differences in pulse oximeter performance in retrospective studies.
Imperialism Ultimately Works for Us”
Authors: Allen Amy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAlthough Rosa Luxemburg is enjoying a well-deserved renaissance, much of the current discussion of her work fails to contend with her commitment to a rather orthodox reading of the Marxist theory of history. This article argues that all of the features that make Luxemburg's work so attractive to contemporary scholars—her revolutionary radicalism, her accounts of spontaneity and democracy, and her critique of imperialism—are undergirded by her commitment to that theory, along with its commitments to unilinearity, necessity, and progress. This theory provides the systematic backbone for Luxemburg's thought. In the wake of postcolonial, Indigenous, Black, and feminist critiques of the Marxist theory of history, this feature of Luxemburg's work considerably complicates her legacy for contemporary critical theory.
Stiffness-dependent MSC homing and differentiation into CAFs – implications for breast cancer invasion
Authors: Saxena Neha , Chakraborty Soura , Dutta Sarbajeet , Bhardwaj Garvit , Karnik Nupur , Shetty Omshree , Jadhav Sameer , Zafar Hamim , Sen Shamik 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Cellular heterogeneity and extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening have been shown to be drivers of breast cancer invasiveness. Here, we examine how stiffness-dependent crosstalk between cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within an evolving tumor microenvironment regulates cancer invasion. By analyzing previously published single-cell RNA sequencing datasets, we establish the existence of a subpopulation of cells in primary tumors, secondary sites and circulatory tumor cell clusters of highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) that co-express MSC and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) markers. By using hydrogels with stiffnesses of 0.5, 2 and 5 kPa to mimic different stages of ECM stiffening, we show that conditioned medium from MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells cultured on 2 kPa gels, which mimic the pre-metastatic stroma, drives efficient MSC chemotaxis and induces stable differentiation of MSC-derived CAFs in a TGFβ (TGFB1)- and contractility-dependent manner. In addition to enhancing cancer cell proliferation, MSC-derived CAFs on 2 kPa gels maximally boost local invasion and confer resistance to flow-induced shear stresses. Collectively, our results suggest that homing of MSCs at the pre-metastatic stage and their differentiation into CAFs actively drives breast cancer invasion and metastasis in TNBC.