bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Exodus of Nurses in Somalia: Exploring the Reasons for Nurse Attrition and the Implications for the Healthcare System
Authors: Dahie Hassan Abdullahi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background The indispensable role of nurses in the healthcare system is evident as they contribute significantly to the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. However, nurse attrition, especially in countries like Somalia, is a growing concern. This research explores the reasons behind nurse attrition and its implications for healthcare systems.Methodology A qualitative research study was conducted in the Benadir region, involving 42 former nurses and 8 healthcare administrators. In-depth interviews were conducted with the former nurses to understand their motivations for entering the nursing profession, their experiences within the field, and the factors leading to their attrition. For healthcare administrators, semi-structured interviews were employed to explore the implications of nurse attrition on the healthcare system. Thematic analysis was used to identify and analyze the central themes that emerged from these interviews.Results Nurses often enter the profession driven by compassion and the desire to impact patient lives positively. However, disparities between initial expectations and realities of nursing practice, including inadequate compensation, burnout, unfavorable working conditions, job dissatisfaction, strained nurse-doctor relationships, and community misconceptions about the nursing role, contribute to nurse attrition. This phenomenon has several negative consequences, including a shortage of nurses, reduced care quality, increased workload for remaining nurses, longer patient wait times, limited access to healthcare services, higher operational expenses, added responsibilities for doctors, and lasting effects on public health.Conclusion & recommendations Nurse attrition is a complex process influenced by various factors. To mitigate its impact on healthcare systems, policymakers and healthcare administrators must allocate resources strategically, focus on comprehensive planning, and prioritize the recognition, support, and retention of nurses within the healthcare framework.
A Novel Nomogram based on Hemodynamic Monitoring for Predicting Survival of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Analysis Based on the MIMIC-III Database.
Authors: Xu Shuwan , Li Junping , Yao Jiyi , Li Zhaolin , Zheng Jianming , Mai Peibiao , Luo Niansang , Zhang Huanji , Zhang Kun 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cause of mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, which is often accompanied by hemodynamic instability. We aimed to develop a nomogram integrated hemodynamic parameters to predict both short-term and long-term overall survival of patients with AMI.
Methods
1606 AMI patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database were retrospectively enrolled, all of whom underwent hemodynamic measurement within 24 h of ICU admission. In the primary cohort, a predictive nomogram based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis was constructed to identify prognostic factors for the overall survival of AMI patients.
Results
LASSO and Cox regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure, central venous pressure, systemic vascular resistance index, left ventricular stroke work, heart rate and oxygen saturation were satisfied to establish the prediction nomogram. The AUC of the model was 0.710 (95% CI: 0.664 to 0.755) for the primary cohort and 0.704 (95% CI: 0.637 to 0.771) for the validation cohort. The time-dependent AUC did not decrease significantly over time within 1 year (fluctuates around 0.7). Moreover, calibration curves, decision curve and survival curves for 7 days, 14 days, 30 days and 1 year demonstrated that this validated nomogram could provide a good predictive value for patients with AMI by combining multiple hemodynamic parameters.
Conclusions
Our nomogram based on multiple hemodynamic parameters has a good predict value for the survival of AMI patients.
Liver function tests in patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: prevalence and impact on in-hospital mortality
Authors: Wang Jujuan , Gao Xin , Shu Yongqian , Cheng Wanying , Qiu Hongxia , Xu Ji , Yin Guangli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Adult secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLHa) is a condition of immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation that is commonly associated with hepatic dysfunction. However, to date, no studies have systematically described liver test abnormalities in patients with sHLHa. The contribution of abnormalities in liver function tests (LFTs) to the mortality in patients with sHLHa remains unclear. In this retrospective study, clinical records and LFTs were obtained from 269 patients with sHLHa at admission. Multivariable logistic models and restricted cubic spline models were used to evaluate the relationship between LFTs and in-hospital mortality. Of these sHLH patients, 56.5% had abnormal ALT, 75.8% had abnormal AST, 61.3% had abnormal ALP, and 42.0% had abnormal total bilirubin. Multivariate analysis revealed that abnormal LFTs (as continuous variables) were associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR28 − day=2.84, P = 0.025 for ALP; OR7 − day=2.77, P = 0.038 and OR28 − day=4.84, P<0.001 for TBIL). Whereas, as binary categorical variable, compared with that of normal TBIL levels, abnormal TBIL levels were associated with increased 7-day mortality (OR = 3.56, P = 0.022) and 28-day mortality (OR = 2.03, P = 0.020). Abnormal ALP was associated with increased 28-day mortality (OR = 2.34, P = 0.008) but not 7-day mortality. In addition, the restricted cubic spline curve displayed a nonlinear and positive relationship between ALP and 28-day mortality (P for nonlinearity = 0.018). We also found no association between AST or ALT and outcomes. At admission, sHLHa patients commonly have abnormal LFTs. After multivariable adjustment, abnormal ALP and TBIL were independently associated with in-hospital mortality and may represent an important prognostic variable.
Effortless Production, Characterization of Cu/Cu2O Nanostructures using Coconut Water (Cocos nucifera L.) as Bioreductants towards Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity on A549 &amp; HeLa Cell lines
Authors: Sriniva Anbalagan , Gayathri Gopalakrishnan , Devipriya Sivasdasan , Velmani Nanjan , Rajagopal Guruswamy , Ameen Kamaludeen Balkis , Clement Arokiam Joseph , Pandaram Perumal , Rajasekar Krishnan , Alagunambi Ramasubbu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Facile fabrication of Copper/Cuprous Oxide Nanostructures (Cu/Cu2O-NS) using Fehling’s solution and Tender, Matured Coconut water (TCW & MCW); Cocos nucifera) as bio-reductants was accomplished. The bio-fabricated nanostructures displayed the distinctive SPR bands confirming the formation of Cu/Cu2O-NS. The powder X – ray diffraction studies showed the FCC crystal pattern of copper with co-existence of cuprous oxide. The morphology of synthesized Cu/Cu2O-NS was analyzed with the help of FE-SEM and HR-TEM analysis. The DLS measurements indicated negative zeta potential (ζ) values, which endorsed the colloidal stability of Cu/Cu2O-NS. The BET surface area analysis demonstrated that both Cu/Cu2O-NS possessed a mesoporous structure as confirmed by N2 sorption isotherms, the pore size distribution analysis was carried out by BJH method. The bio-fabricated Cu/Cu2O-NS exhibited the remarkable antibacterial efficacy against Gram + Ve and Gram –Ve bacteria. The antioxidant capability of Cu/Cu2O-NS was assessed through DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The anticancer potential of synthesized Cu/Cu2O-NS was evaluated against Lung and Cervical Cancer Cell lines using MTT assay. The apoptotic assessments were performed by fluorescence microscopy with AO/EB staining. The results showed that MCW-Cu/Cu2O-NS exhibited higher potency compared to TCW-Cu/Cu2O-NS. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the maximum concentration of (50 µg/ml) of MCW-Cu/Cu2O-NS inducted the highest level of apoptosis. Overall the results highlighted the potential of bio-fabricated Cu/Cu2O-NS against specific bacterial strains as well as Lung and Cervical Cancer cell lines.
Reparation of Nano-FeS by Ultrasonic Precipitation for Treatment of Acidic Chromium-Containing Wastewater
Authors: Dai Mengjia , Di Junzhen , Zhang Ting , Li Tuoda , Dong Yanrong , Bao Sihang , Fu Saiou 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nano-FeS is prone to agglomeration in the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater, and ultrasonic precipitation was used to synthesize nano-FeS to increase its dispersion. The optimization of the preparation method was carried out by single factor method (reaction temperature, Fe/S molar ratio and FeSO4 dropping flow rate) and response surface methodology. Dynamic experiments were constructed to investigate the long-term remediation effect and water column changes of nano-FeS and its solid particles. The changes of the remediation materials before and after the reaction were observed by SEM, and the mechanism of the remediation of chromium-containing wastewater by nano-FeS prepared by ultrasonication was revealed by XRD. The results showed that the reaction temperature of 12°C, Fe/S molar ratio of 3.5 and FeSO4 dropping flow rate of 0.5 ml·s-1 were the best parameters for the preparation of nano-FeS. The nano-FeS has efficient dispersion and well-defined mesoporous structure in the form of needles and whiskers of 40–80 nm. The dynamic experiments showed that the average removal of Cr(VI) and total chromium by nano-FeS and its immobilized particles were 94.97% and 63.51%, 94.93% and 45.76%, respectively. Fe2+ and S2- ionized by the FeS nanoparticles rapidly reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III). Part of S2- may reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, forming a small iron cycle that gradually decreases with the ion concentration.Cr(III) and Fe2+ form Cr(OH)3 and FeOOH, respectively, with the change of aqueous environment.Another part of S2- reacts with Cr(III) to form Cr2S3 precipitate or is oxidized to singlet sulfur.The FeS nanoparticles change from short rod-shaped to spherical shape. Compared with the conventional chemical precipitation method, the method used in this study is simple, low cost, small particle size and high removal rate per unit.
Enhancing Smart Grid Cybersecurity: A Comprehensive Analysis of Attacks, Defenses, and Innovative AI-Blockchain Solutions
Authors: Ghadi Yazeed Yasin , Talpur Dhani Bux , Mazhar Tehseen , Irfan Hafiz Muhammad , Salaria Umair Ahmad , Hanif Saba , Shahzad Tariq , Hamam Habib 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
With the rapid expansion of the world population and economy, the need for energy has also increased. To minimize energy waste, it is crucial that energy be supplied to residences and businesses in an efficient manner. Smart Grids (SG) have the potential to decrease these power losses by improving the energy grid's efficiency. The effective integration of methods like artificial intelligence and blockchain into SGs has made it easier to predict customer preferences. Immediate analysis and comparison of the different AI and blockchain approaches is necessary in order to determine which approach is best for SGs. This study aims to know about some basic of smart grid. Furthermore, this study also looks at different types of layers and attacks on these layers and provide solutions of these attacks using AI and blockchain methods. At the end the study, also focus on open issues in this field and gives some future directions. By classifying attacks, proposing innovative defenses, and exploring AI and blockchain solutions, the study contributes to safeguarding smart grid infrastructures. Future research directions include addressing emerging attack strategies and refining technology for enhanced security.
In Silico Analysis and In-depth Assessment of a Female Patient with a Missense Mutation in the F12 Gene Associated with Hereditary Angioedema Symptoms: A Case Study
Authors: Pechnikova Nadezhda , Yaremenko Alexey V. , Saitgalina Maria A. , Shchemelev Alexander N. , Bebyakov Alexander M. , Denisova Anita R. , Podchernyaeva Nadezhda S. , Sedykh Anna V. , Ostankova Yulia V. , Totolian Areg A. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of localized skin and mucosal swelling, with potential life-threatening complications, particularly in the upper respiratory tract. While much is understood about the mutations behind HAE I-II types, the genetic landscape of type III remains complex. Our study provides a comprehensive exploration of an undiagnosed case of a 13-year-old female presenting with HAE symptoms. Despite undergoing thorough clinical evaluations including blood, immunochemical, coprological, and allergen tests, no correlations with allergies or HAE I-II types were observed. Leveraging whole-exome sequencing, a unique missense mutation in the F12gene (NC_000005.9: g.176831826 C > G, Ala207Pro) was identified in the patient's genetic profile, which she inherited from both parents. Subsequent comprehensive in silico analyses suggest this mutation could be a potent contributor to HAE's III type manifestation, notably in homozygous females. The data brought forth intricate relationships between age-related hormonal changes (estrogen fluctuations), specific genetic variance, and the multifaceted bradykinin pathway's involvement in HAE episodes. Significantly, the mutation's position within the EGF-like 2 domain hints at possible effects on protein structure, which might impact its structural stability and subsequent function. Advanced bioinformatics approaches greatly streamlined the identification and comprehension of this pathogenic mutation, demonstrating their invaluable role, especially in atypical cases. We believe that merging in silico methodologies with clinical observations offers a promising avenue for a comprehensive understanding of genetic disorders, emphasizing an integrated approach essential for the development of personalized diagnostic and treatment approaches for diseases such as HAE.
Numerical study on the effect of near-fault pulse motion on soil liquefaction potential
Authors: Tsai Chi-Chin , Li Pei-Chi , Wang Jui-Pin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Near-fault (NF) pulse-like ground motions have a significant impact on the performance of structures, but their effects on soil liquefaction potential have been relatively understudied. This paper uses 1D effective stress site response analysis capable of modeling porewater pressure (PWP) generation to investigate the seismic site response under NF and general ground motions. The aim is to assess the effects of NF motions on soil liquefaction by considering different soil models and PWP generation models. The results show that NF ground motions generally induce larger ground responses in terms of PWP generation, especially when the durations of the motions are short. This is due to the higher cumulative absolute velocity associated with NF ground motions compared with general ground motions due to a high-velocity pulse under the same peak ground acceleration. However, this effect diminishes as the duration of motion increases. To avoid underestimating seismic demand, especially for small to moderate earthquakes, a preliminary magnitude scale factor modified for the NF effect is suggested for use in conventional soil liquefaction triggering analysis.
Intraseasonal variability of the Deep Scattering Layer observed by subsurface mooring deployed east of Taiwan Island
Authors: WANG BEI , YU FEI , WANG RAN , TAO ZHENCHENG , REN QIANG , LIU XINGCHUAN , CHEN ZIFEI , NAN FENG 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The Deep Scattering Layer (DSL), a stratum of marine Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) organisms inhabiting the mesopelagic ocean, plays a crucial role in transporting carbon and nutrients from the surface to depth through the migration of its organisms. Here, using 18 months in-situ observations and altimeter sea level data, we observed for the first time the intraseasonal variation of the DSL and the DVM of zooplankton and micronekton to the east of the Taiwan Island, and revealed the underlying dynamics. The vertical speeds returned from the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler are used to investigate the distribution and variation of the DVM innovatively. Results of power spectrum analysis of the scattering intensity indicate that the DSL exhibits a significant intraseasonal variability (ISV) with an 80-day period. Simultaneously, the variation of the DVM is linked to the DSL, and also shows an 80-day ISV during the observation. Dynamically, the ISV of the DSL to the east of the Taiwan Island is correlated with the westward-propagating mesoscale eddies. When anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddies move towards the Taiwan Island, the local isotherms bend downward (upward), resulting in warming (cooling) in the DSL, and thus the upper boundary layer of the DSL gradually deepens (rises). These findings highlight the significant influence of mesoscale eddies on biological activity in the mesopelagic ocean.
Multiomics analysis reveals gut profiles in patients with different brain tumors
Authors: Wang hao , Zhou Yingshun , Zhao Mingkuan , Li Shenjie , Wen Yuqi , Wang Ke , Wang Ming , Tian Junjie , Xiang Wei , Chen Chaoyi , Gu Long , Ming Yang , Li Tao , Jiang Zengliang , Chen Ligang , Zhou Jie 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Numerous close relationships between the gut microbiota and various cancers have been described, and several studies suggest that the gut microbiota can influence the central nervous system (CNS), but the relationship between the intestinal microbiome and brain tumors is unclear. Furthermore, the role of action of the gut microbiota on brain tumors has not been well understood, especially in the CNS, which has been considered an immune-privileged organ due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier.
Results
In the present work, we systematically compared the gut microbiome and metabolite alterations in patients with a brain tumor, including patients with meningioma (MEG), glioma and brain metastasis (BM), with those of healthy controls (HCs) using faecal metagenomics and metabolomics, and used this in relation to clinical indicators to explore their possible causative mechanisms in the disease. In the disease group, bacterial abundance was altered, showing a significant decrease in Gram-positive bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae and a substantial increase in Gram-negative bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae, while lipopolysaccharide‒associated pathways were also enriched. Additionally, metabolites were changed: most amino acid and fatty acid metabolites increased, while bile acids (BAs) and carbohydrates decreased. However, the differences in bacteria and metabolites between the disease groups were less than those between the HCs. Furthermore, a variety of immune-related clinical indicators, bacteria, metabolites and pathways were significantly altered in the disease groups. Finally, markers based on bacterial flora and metabolites were effective in differentiating the disease groups from the HCs.
Conclusions
The multiomics data from this study revealed that dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities were present in the gut of patients with brain tumors. At the same time, host immune abnormalities may be associated with dysbiosis and may lead to tumour development and progression through inflammatory, immune, and metabolic interactions; these altered microbiome-metabolome-host interactions may help explain the pathogenesis of brain tumors, and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of brain tumors. The microbiome and its derived metabolites are a promising noninvasive tool for the accurate detection and differentiation of patients with different brain tumors.
Alteration of Apoptosis-related Genes in Female Pelvic Supportive Tissues with Regard to Menopausal Status
Authors: Saatli Bahadir , Kurt Serap , Cagliyan Erkan , Kizildag Sefa 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to compare expression levels of anti-apoptotic and proapoptotic genes in parametrium, sacrouterine and round ligaments of women without and sign of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with respect to menopausal status. We hypothesized that apoptosis related gene expressions in female pelvic tissues may be altered during menopause.
Methods: The study groups consisted of women who did not have POP symptoms pre-menopausal (n=10) and menopausal (n=10). Three different types of tissue samples (Parametrium-Round Ligament-Sacrouterine Ligament) were taken from the cases and RNA was isolated from these tissues. After purifying and quantifying RNA samples, qPCR was used to determine the expression levels of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes.
Results: BCL-2 gene expression levels were significantly lower in all tissues of menopausal patients compared to all tissues of premenopausal patients. Sacrouterine ligament tissue BAD expression level was significantly high (p= 0.035), BCL-2/BAD ratio was significantly lower in menopausal patients compared to premenopausal patients (p = 0.006).
Conclusions: Apoptosis-related protein levels change during menopause, pro-apoptotic gene expressions decrease and anti-apoptotic gene expressions increase. Significant alteration of BCL-2 and BAD expression in sacrouterine ligament with respect to menopausal status was observed, suggesting that sacrouterine ligament which plays a crucial role for restoring normal pelvic anatomy and support for genital organs, could be more affected from menopause rather than other pelvic tissues.