bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of anastomoses between anterior and posterior circulation on postoperative prognosis of patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Yuan Yuan , He Xuchao , Li Yin , Jin Lingji , Zhu Yuhan , Lin Gaojun , Hu Libin , Zhou Hang , Cao Yang , Hu Junwen , Chen Gao , Wang Lin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Collateral circulation in MMD has emerged as a research focus. Our aims were to assess the impact of anastomoses between the anterior and posterior circulations on the prognosis of MMD patients.

Methods
We reviewed the preoperative digital subtraction angiography images of patients with MMD who underwent revascularization surgery at our hospital between March 2014 and May 2020 and divided the patients into two groups: those with anastomoses (PtoA group) and those without anastomoses (non-PtoA group). The differences in follow-up (more than 6 months) collateral vessel establishment (Matsushima grade) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were compared between the two groups as well as between the patients with different degrees of anastomoses. The early complications following revascularization were also compared between the two groups.

Results
This study included 104 patients with MMD, of which 38 were non-PtoA and 66 were PtoA. There were no significant differences in Matsushima score (P = 0.252) and mRS score (P = 0.066) between the two groups. In addition, Matsushima score (P = 0.243) and mRS score (P = 0.360) did not differ significantly between patients with different degrees of anastomoses. However, the non-PtoA group had a significantly higher rate of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) than the PtoA group (34.2% vs 16.7%, P = 0.041).

Conclusion
MMD patients without anastomoses between anterior and posterior circulations preoperatively should be vigilant of the occurrence of CHS in the early stages after revascularization.
Embedded complex curves in the affine plane
Authors: Alarcón Antonio , Forstnerič Franc 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper brings several contributions to the classical Forster–Bell–Narasimhan conjecture and the Yang problem concerning the existence of proper, almost proper, and complete injective holomorphic immersions of open Riemann surfaces in the affine plane $$\mathbb {C}^2$$

C

2

satisfying interpolation and hitting conditions. We also show that every compact Riemann surface contains a Cantor set whose complement admits a proper holomorphic embedding in $$\mathbb {C}^2$$

C

2

, and every connected domain in $$\mathbb {C}^2$$

C

2

admits complete, everywhere dense, injectively immersed complex discs. The focal point of the paper is a lemma saying for every compact bordered Riemann surface, M, closed discrete subset E of $$\mathring{M}=M\setminus bM$$

M
˚

=
M
\
b
M

, and compact subset $$K\subset \mathring{M}\setminus E$$

K
⊂

M
˚

\
E

without holes in $$\mathring{M}$$

M
˚

, any $$\mathscr {C}^1$$

C
1

embedding $$f:M\hookrightarrow \mathbb {C}^2$$

f
:
M
↪

C

2

which is holomorphic in $$\mathring{M}$$

M
˚

can be approximated uniformly on K by holomorphic embeddings $$F:M\hookrightarrow \mathbb {C}^2$$

F
:
M
↪

C

2

which map $$E\cup bM$$

E
∪
b
M

out of a given ball and satisfy some interpolation conditions.
Biomaterials technology and policies in the building sector: a review
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhang Yubing , Chen Zhonghao , Dong Yitong , Jiang Yushan , Hua Jianmin , Liu Yunfei , Osman Ahmed I. , Farghali Mohamed , Huang Lepeng , Rooney David W. , Yap Pow-Seng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTraditional building materials have some drawbacks in the construction industry, particularly in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Biomaterials derived from renewable sources are a promising alternative, significantly reducing the greenhouse effect and enhancing energy efficiency. However, traditional materials still dominate the construction sector, and there is a lack of understanding among some policymakers and developers regarding biomaterials. Here, we review building biomaterials and their policies and life cycle assessment through case studies. Bio-based materials have the potential to reduce over 320,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. They also exhibit advantages like decreasing water absorption by 40%, reducing energy consumption by 8.7%, enhancing acoustic absorption by 6.7%, and improving mechanical properties. We summarize recent advancements in mycelial materials, bioconcrete, natural fibers, and fiber-reinforced composites. We also explore the contributions of nanotechnology and microalgae technology in enhancing biomaterials' thermal insulation and eco-friendliness.
The Association Between HIV-Related Stigma and the Uptake of HIV Testing and ART Among Older Adults in Rural South Africa: Findings from the HAALSI Cohort Study
Authors: Mahlalela Nomsa B. , Manne-Goehler Jennifer , Ohene-Kwofie Daniel , B. Adams Leslie , Montana Livia , Kahn Kathleen , Rohr Julia K. , Bärnighausen Till , Gómez-Olivé Francesc X. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHIV testing and antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain critical for curbing the spread of HIV/AIDS, but stigma can impede access to these services. Using data from the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), we used a multivariable logistic regression to examine the correlation between HIV-related stigma, HIV testing and ART uptake in older adults. We used four questions to measure stigma, with three assessing social stigma (reflecting social distancing preferences) and one assessing anticipated stigma (disclosure concern). We combined the three social stigma questions to generate a social stigma score ranging from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating higher stigma. Anticipated stigma was prevalent 85% (95% CI 0.84–0.86), and social stigma was also frequent 25% (95% CI 0.24–0.27). Higher social stigma scores correlated with decreased HIV testing for all participants with social stigma. Compared to those with a score of 0, odds of testing decreased with higher stigma scores (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.53–0.81, p = 0.000) for a score of 1 and (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.38–0.83, p = 0.004) for a score of 3. ART uptake also decreased with higher social stigma scores among people living with HIV (PLWH), although it was significant for those with a score of 2 (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.87, p = 0.020). These findings emphasize that HIV-related stigma hampers testing and ART uptake among older adults in rural South Africa. Addressing stigma is crucial for improving testing rates, early diagnosis, and treatment initiation among the older population and achieving UNAIDS 95–95–95 targets.
Projecting the current and potential future distribution of New Zealand’s invasive sturnids
Authors: Atsawawaranunt Kamolphat , Whibley Annabel , Cain Kristal E. , Major Richard E. , Santure Anna W. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractInvasive species threaten native ecosystems, the economy and human health. Improved understanding of an invasive species’ ecological niche, and whether it has differentiated in the invasive compared to the native range, will enable better prediction of areas at risk of future invasions. Here, we characterise the ecological niche of the common myna (Acridotheres tristis) and common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), in their native range and in Aotearoa New Zealand, where they were introduced over 140 years ago. Common myna and common starling are two of the most invasive bird species in the world and are agricultural pests, competitors to native fauna and may act as disease vectors. Using biologically justified environmental variables and occurrence data, we construct ecological niche models (ENMs) using five algorithms. Based on the ENM algorithm with highest transferability, we identify key environmental variables to compare the niches of the two species in New Zealand and the native range, and between the two species in New Zealand. For both species, we find no evidence of niche divergence between New Zealand and their native range despite their long invasion history. However, we do find evidence for niche differences between the two species in New Zealand. Our future suitable habitat predictions suggest little range expansion of the already-widespread starlings in New Zealand, but large areas at risk of future myna invasion in New Zealand’s South Island. Our results support ongoing management of myna populations, especially in the South Island where the Cook strait may already provide some barrier to dispersal.
Dynamic Via-points and Improved Spatial Generalization for Online Trajectory Generation with Dynamic Movement Primitives
Authors: Sidiropoulos Antonis , Doulgeri Zoe 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDynamic Movement Primitives (DMP) have found remarkable applicability and success in various robotic tasks, which can be mainly attributed to their generalization, modulation and robustness properties. However, the spatial generalization of DMP can be problematic in some cases, leading to excessive overscaling and in turn large velocities and accelerations. While other DMP variants have been proposed in the literature to tackle this issue, they can also exhibit excessive overscaling as we show in this work. Moreover, incorporating intermediate points (via-points) for adjusting the DMP trajectory to account for the geometry of objects related to the task, or to avoid or push aside objects that obstruct a specific task, is not addressed by the current DMP literature. In this work we tackle these unresolved so far issues by proposing an improved online spatial generalization, that remedies the shortcomings of the classical DMP generalization, and moreover allows the incorporation of dynamic via-points. This is achieved by designing an online adaptation scheme for the DMP weights which is proved to minimize the distance from the demonstrated acceleration profile to retain the shape of the demonstration, subject to dynamic via-point and initial/final state constraints. Extensive comparative simulations with the classical and other DMP variants are conducted, while experimental results validate the practical usefulness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Next generation sequencing of high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma in the Netherlands: interlaboratory variation in the primary diagnostic and recurrent setting
Authors: van Opijnen Mark P. , Broekman Marike L. D. , Cuppen Edwin , Dubbink Hendrikus J. , ter Elst Arja , van Eijk Ronald , Mühlebner Angelika , Jansen Casper , van der Geize Robert , Speel Ernst-Jan M. , Groenen Patricia J. T. A. , de Vos Filip Y. F. , Wesseling Pieter , de Leng Wendy W. J. , Maas Sybren L. N. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Next generation sequencing (NGS) is an important tool used in clinical practice to obtain the required molecular information for accurate diagnostics of high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma (HGG). Since individual centers use either in-house produced or standardized panels, interlaboratory variation could play a role in the practice of HGG diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the current practice in NGS application for both primary and recurrent HGG.

Methods
This nationwide Dutch survey used the expertise of (neuro)pathologists and clinical scientists in molecular pathology (CSMPs) by sending online questionnaires on clinical and technical aspects. Primary outcome was an overview of panel composition in the different centers for diagnostic practice of HGG. Secondary outcomes included practice for recurrent HGG and future perspectives.

Results
Out of twelve neuro-oncology centers, the survey was filled out by eleven (neuro)pathologists and seven CSMPs. The composition of the diagnostic NGS panels differed in each center with numbers of genes ranging from 12 to 523. Differences are more pronounced when tests are performed to find therapeutic targets in the case of recurrent disease: about half of the centers test for gene fusions (60%) and tumor mutational burden (40%).

Conclusion
Current notable interlaboratory variations as illustrated in this study should be reduced in order to refine diagnostics and improve precision oncology. In-house developed tests, standardized panels and routine application of broad gene panels all have their own advantages and disadvantages. Future research would be of interest to study the clinical impact of variation in diagnostic approaches.
The Association Between Preoperative Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Levels and the Total Body Weight Loss in Women Post Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Khattab Mohamed Hamdy , Said Sami M. , Fayez Mina abdelmalak , Elaguizy Menatallah Mohamed , Mohamed Abdelkarem A. A. , Ghobashy Ahmed Mostafa 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the well-described optimal initial clinical response of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in the treatment of obesity, some patients do not achieve optimal initial clinical response. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has currently shown an association with post-bariatric surgery weight loss. This study aimed to assess the IGF-1 levels in female patients with obesity, the change after surgery, and their association with the metabolic profile and weight loss after surgery.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective study that was conducted on adult female patients who were recruited for SG. The patients underwent clinical and laboratory investigations that included the IGF-1 measurement. At the 1-year follow-up, the same clinical and laboratory measures were repeated.

Results
This study included 100 female patients. At the 1-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), fasting HbA1C levels (p < 0.001), and triglycerides (p < 0.001), as well as a statistically significant increase in HDL (p < 0.001) and IGF-1 (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that, among the patients baseline characteristics, the significant predictors for the percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) were the patients’ BMI (p < 0.001) and IGF-1 levels (p < 0.001). The ROC curve showed that an IGF1 cutoff value of ≤ 23 ng/ml detected suboptimal initial clinical response, with a sensitivity of 95.35% and a specificity of 100%.

Conclusion
This study underscores the significant impact of SG on weight loss and metabolic improvements in female patients. Baseline IGF-1 levels emerged as a crucial predictor of optimal initial clinical response.

Graphical Abstract
Mind the Gap: Unraveling the Intricate Dance Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias and Bone Health
Authors: Karnik Sonali J. , Margetts Tyler J. , Wang Hannah S. , Movila Alexandru , Oblak Adrian L. , Fehrenbacher Jill C. , Kacena Melissa A. , Plotkin Lilian I. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review examines the linked pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease/related dementia (AD/ADRD) and bone disorders like osteoporosis. The emphasis is on “inflammaging”—a low-level inflammation common to both, and its implications in an aging population.

Recent Findings
Aging intensifies both ADRD and bone deterioration. Notably, ADRD patients have a heightened fracture risk, impacting morbidity and mortality, though it is uncertain if fractures worsen ADRD. Therapeutically, agents targeting inflammation pathways, especially Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and TNF-α, appear beneficial for both conditions. Additionally, treatments like Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), known for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties, are gaining attention.

Summary
The interconnectedness of AD/ADRD and bone health necessitates a unified treatment approach. By addressing shared mechanisms, we can potentially transform therapeutic strategies, enriching our understanding and refining care in our aging society. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation “Homophobia in Healthcare Employees”: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Değer Vasfiye Bayram , Kaçan Havva 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The study was conducted to examine the attitudes of healthcare employees toward homosexuals and the factors affecting them, while homophobic thoughts and behaviors are based on heteronormative cultural beliefs and gender stereotypes.

Methods
This study was planned as a cross-sectional and completed with 720 healthcare employees. The Demographic Information Form and Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia Scale were used in the study. Data were collected between January 06 and January 10, 2022.

Results
The mean homophobia total score of the employees was determined as 97,503 ± 25,807. Homophobia levels of male healthcare employees, those who thought homosexuality is a disease, and those who stated that homosexuality can be caused by taking an example had increasing homophobia levels. The level of homophobia decreases in the presence of homosexual friends, those who can talk freely about homosexuality, and healthcare employees who support same-sex marriage.

Conclusions
Recognition of individuals with different sexual orientations by healthcare employees will reduce homophobic attitudes toward these individuals. Examining the level of homophobia in healthcare institutions and ensuring that discriminatory attitudes or behaviors toward individuals from different sexual orientations are determined to be effective on the quality of healthcare and access to healthcare services.

Policy Implications
There is a healthcare system in which patients are generally assumed to be heterosexual; healthcare employees are not prepared to work with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transsexual patients in general. Studies conducted on this subject indicate that more studies are needed on the subject to implement a healthcare policy focusing on sexual diversity in healthcare services and to discuss healthcare practices for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transsexual population.
Getting ready for digital shift: the level of acceptance towards educational technology among faculty members in higher education institutions in Ethiopia
Authors: Amare Equlinet Misganaw , Zegeye Robel Tezera , Wondie Shewatatek Gedamu , Negash Tadese Tamire , Siyoum Mekdim Tadesse 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Understanding the extent to which faculty members' beliefs, attitudes, and acceptance of educational technologies for learning is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of technology and ensuring its long-term viability. However, higher education institutions have made significant investments in educational technology for learning without fully comprehending faculty members' beliefs, attitudes, and level of acceptance of these technologies. This lack of understanding has hindered the effectiveness of these investments. Therefore, this study aims to examine faculty members' beliefs, attitudes and level of acceptance towards educational technology in higher education institutions in Ethiopia.

Methods
A survey was conducted at five public higher education institutions that offer priority health training programs. The survey collected data using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, focusing on four key determinants. Faculty members were asked to rate these determinants on a scale of 1 to 5. Each determinant was analyzed separately, examining the mean value and standard deviation. An overall mean score was calculated by combining all the determinants. Additionally, a logistic regression analysis was performed to determine how different demographic factors influenced faculty members' acceptance of technology for student learning.

Result
A total of 330 faculty members participated in the study. The majority of respondents were male lecturers who held a second degree qualification. On average, the participants were 32.9 years old and had six years of teaching experience. Interestingly, nearly three fourth (72.6%) of faculty members hold positive beliefs and exhibit a high level of acceptance of educational technology. Furthermore, the likelihood of accepting and utilizing technologies for learning was found to be 2.3 times higher for faculty members working in teaching settings at research institutions.

Conclusion
Faculty members have a favorable attitude towards educational technology, demonstrating a high level of acceptance. This positive belief holds significant implications and is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of technology and ensuring its long-term viability.
Legal assessment of ingrown horns and other horn-related anomalies in cattle and sheep
Authors: Andersson Johanna , Beck-Friis Johan , Sarenbo Sirkku 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Cattle and sheep horns have the potential to grow in such a way that the horn bends toward the animal’s head and, if left untreated, may penetrate the skin, causing pressure, pain, and suffering. According to the Swedish Animal Welfare Act, animals must be looked after in a way that prevents ingrown horns; otherwise, the person responsible for the animal may be prosecuted. Here, we present a review of 32 legal cases that occurred in Sweden between 2008 and 2022 for which the charge involved horn-related anomalies in cattle or sheep. The aim being to investigate the nature of these horn-related anomalies and the circumstances under which they occur. Of the legal cases, 53% were discovered during official animal welfare control on farms and 44% at an abattoir during pre-slaughter inspection. These include extreme injuries, e.g. both horns penetrating the periosteum into the skull bone, or a horn penetrating into the eye or oral cavity. The reasons offered by the accused for failing to detect animals with horn-related anomalies included that the animal appeared normal, that it was long-haired, shy, or hard to reach, or that the horns had not undergone gradual growth but had accidentally or suddenly penetrated the skin. Overall, 81% of the cases led to convictions; however, none of these resulted in imprisonment. Reasons for acquittals included insufficient crime description or evidence as to how the horn-related anomaly occurred or of the animal being exposed to suffering. A number of recommendations are provided that could help limit the occurrence of ingrown horns.
The Ability of Human Rights to Limit the State’s Power to Punish in Europe: Connecting Prison and Mental Health Policies through the Concept of “Transpolicies”
Authors: Cliquennois Gaëtan , Snacken Sonja 
Published: January 2024

While scholars have pointed out the factors determining the impediments to and efficacy of international human rights rules, poor attention has been paid to human rights violations relating to transfers between prison and psychiatric detention. There is a lack of intersection of policy spheres in this regard that should be remedied. Our contribution aims to challenge traditional sociolegal boundaries by integrating the intersection of policy and subdisciplines that cover penal justice (prison and police stations), psychiatric institutions, and human rights.
Raising the question of human rights’ ability to limit the state’s power to punish in Europe compels us to explore different forms of “transinstitutionalization,” especially between prisons and psychiatric institutions and between prisons and immigration detention centers that present as “total institutions” (hosting populations perceived to be “deviant”), and share many similarities, including the risk of human rights violations. We forge the concept of “transpolicies” to take into account the mutual influence and the domino effects of such detention policies that are acknowledged, and both promoted and fought, by the European human rights institutions. In the empirical part, we focus on the increasing interactions between prison and mental health policies, taking Belgium as an example as it is known to raise specific human rights challenges.