bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation study on the influence of longitudinal dynamic force on extreme-long heavy-haul trains
Authors: Chang Chongyi , Guo Gang , He Wen , Liu Zhendong 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThe objective of this study is to investigate the impact of longitudinal forces on extreme-long heavy-haul trains, providing new insights and methods for their design and operation, thereby enhancing safety, operational efficiency and track system design.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal dynamics simulation model of the super long heavy haul train was established and verified by the braking test data of 30,000 t heavy-haul combination train on the long and steep down grade of Daqing Line. The simulation model was used to analyze the influence of factors on the longitudinal force of super long heavy haul train.FindingsUnder normal conditions, the formation length of extreme-long heavy-haul combined train has a small effect on the maximum longitudinal coupler force under full service braking and emergency braking on the straight line. The slope difference of the long and steep down grade has a great impact on the maximum longitudinal coupler force of the extreme-long heavy-haul trains. Under the condition that the longitudinal force does not exceed the safety limit of 2,250 kN under full service braking at the speed of 60 km/h the maximum allowable slope difference of long and steep down grade for 40,000 t super long heavy-haul combined trains is 13‰, and that of 100,000 t is only 5‰.Originality/valueThe results will provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance for further improving the transportation efficiency and safety of extreme-long heavy-haul trains.
Improving the chances of response to splenectomy in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Audia Sylvain , Bussel James 
Published: November 2023

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. Its pathogenesis is complex relying in large part on destruction of platelets recognized by autoantibodies within the spleen. However, other mechanisms, such as platelet desialylation, may play a role in platelet reduction by accelerating their clearance in the liver. In their study, Mendoza and colleagues reported on platelet scintigraphy performed in 51 ITP patients, showing a response in 87.5% when the sequestration occurred in the spleen versus 45% in case of non‐splenic destruction. Platelet desialylation was also measured after splenectomy and found to be higher in non‐responder patients. These latter results, while requiring confirmation prior to splenectomy, support platelet desialylation may also be a potential biomarker of non‐response to splenectomy.Commentary on: Mendoza et al. Study of platelet kinetics in immune thrombocytopenia to predict splenectomy response. Br J Haematol 2024;204:315–323.
Individual body mass and sex of a frugivorous bird affect the quality of seed dispersal
Authors: Campagnoli Mariana Lopes , Batisteli Augusto Florisvaldo , Pizo Marco Aurélio , Christianini Alexander Vicente 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFrugivorous animals play crucial roles dispersing seeds away from parental plants and influencing plant recruitment. Most studies focus on comparisons of seed dispersal services provided by distinct species of animals, but neglect how within‐species variation may affect dispersal. Individual traits, such as body mass and sex, are related to metabolic rates, gut load capacity, and transit times that potentially influence dispersal quantity and quality. Here, we aim at answering if individual traits (body mass and sex) of Pale‐breasted Thrushes (Turdus leucomelas) affect seed dispersal quality by testing the following hypotheses (a) individual traits influence seed retention time and germination, (b) seed retention time affects seed germination, and (c) seed passage through the gut enhances germination. We found that females retained seeds in the gut for longer periods than males. Gut passed and manually depulped seeds had similar germination success. However, heavier birds, irrespective of sex, had longer seed retention times and promoted higher germination. Our results indicate that intraspecific differences in morphological traits of frugivores are a source of variation in dispersal outputs and may help to explain complex patterns of seed dispersal. We highlight the importance of considering the quality of seed dispersal at an individual‐level, as well as at a species‐level, and reinforce that some individuals may contribute more to seed germination, and potentially recruitment, than others. Finally, a decrease in body masses of tropical birds in response to global warming may cascade to a decrease in seed dispersal quality.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Combining camera trap surveys and IUCN range maps to improve knowledge of species distributions
Authors: Chen Cheng , Granados Alys , Brodie Jedediah F. , Kays Roland , Davies T. Jonathan , Liu Runzhe , Fisher Jason T. , Ahumada Jorge , McShea William , Sheil Douglas , Mohd‐Azlan Jayasilan , Agwanda Bernard , Andrianarisoa Mahandry H. , Appleton Robyn D. , Bitariho Robert , Espinosa Santiago , Grigione Melissa M. , Helgen Kristofer M. , Hubbard Andy , Hurtado Cindy M. , Jansen Patrick A. , Jiang Xuelong , Jones Alex , Kalies Elizabeth L. , Kiebou‐Opepa Cisquet , Li Xueyou , Lima Marcela Guimarães Moreira , Meyer Erik , Miller Anna B. , Murphy Thomas , Piana Renzo , Quan Rui‐Chang , Rota Christopher T. , Rovero Francesco , Santos Fernanda , Schuttler Stephanie , Uduman Aisha , van Bommel Joanna Klees , Young Hilary , Burton A. Cole 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReliable maps of species distributions are fundamental for biodiversity research and conservation. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) range maps are widely recognized as authoritative representations of species’ geographic limits, yet they might not always align with actual occurrence data. In recent area of habitat (AOH) maps, areas that are not habitat have been removed from IUCN ranges to reduce commission errors, but their concordance with actual species occurrence also remains untested. We tested concordance between occurrences recorded in camera trap surveys and predicted occurrences from the IUCN and AOH maps for 510 medium‐ to large‐bodied mammalian species in 80 camera trap sampling areas. Across all areas, cameras detected only 39% of species expected to occur based on IUCN ranges and AOH maps; 85% of the IUCN only mismatches occurred within 200 km of range edges. Only 4% of species occurrences were detected by cameras outside IUCN ranges. The probability of mismatches between cameras and the IUCN range was significantly higher for smaller‐bodied mammals and habitat specialists in the Neotropics and Indomalaya and in areas with shorter canopy forests. Our findings suggest that range and AOH maps rarely underrepresent areas where species occur, but they may more often overrepresent ranges by including areas where a species may be absent, particularly at range edges. We suggest that combining range maps with data from ground‐based biodiversity sensors, such as camera traps, provides a richer knowledge base for conservation mapping and planning.
Criteria for immediate extubation after pediatric liver transplantation in a single pediatric liver transplant center in Japan
Authors: Baba Chiaki , Ninagawa Jun , Uranaka Makoto , Hashiya Mai , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kasahara Mureo , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Nagasaka Yasuko , Kasuya Shugo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractImmediate extubation (IE) following liver transplantation (LT) has become the standard practice, even for pediatric patients. However, no preoperative or postoperative case selection protocols for IE are currently available. We have developed selection criteria for IE following pediatric LT. The aim of this study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of these selection criteria and anesthetic management protocol implemented in our hospital for IE after pediatric LT.MethodThis was a retrospective study. The records of all cases undergoing LT in our center from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected. We excluded cases > 18 years old at the time of LT. Enrolled cases were divided into two groups: cases with immediate extubation (IE) or without immediate extubation (NIE). We compared preoperative conditions, intraoperative management, and postoperative courses. Finally, we classified NIE group patients into cases extubated at postoperative day 1 (early; E‐NIE) and others (delayed; D‐NIE) and compared their underlying diseases and postoperative courses.ResultsIn the IE group, there were 81 cases, while the NIE group consisted of 185 cases. All patients in the IE group were successfully extubated without any instances of re‐intubation due to respiratory failure. Within the E‐NIE group, comprising 130 cases, all patients were ultimately extubated without the need for tracheostomy. However, in the D‐NIE group, which encompassed 53 cases, seven patients required tracheostomy.ConclusionIn our center, the implementation of our anesthesia management protocol and the use of pre/postoperative case selection criteria have allowed for the safe practice of IE following pediatric LT. However, it should be noted that patients who cannot be extubated by Postoperative Day 1 (POD1) may be at an increased risk of requiring a tracheostomy. When contemplating IE, it is crucial to take into account the disease‐specific physiological aspects and surgical site situations.
Variation of soil amino acid pools and N‐hydrolysis potential in arid lands
Authors: Khosrozadeh Sajedeh , Khalili Banafshe , Nourbakhsh Farshid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIdentification of the patterns through which potential rates of proteolysis and ammonification are affected by key edaphic and climatic factors offer a powerful avenue for elucidating the potential of nitrogen (N) cycle processes in arid terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we aimed to investigate how the tradeoff between soil properties and climatic factors govern amino acids and the nitrogen cycling enzyme traits in steppe biomes. We analysed changes in amino acid pools and protease and amidohydrolase activities along arid and semi‐arid climate gradients over time. The biome edaphic factors (site) were found to have significant (p < 0.001) effects on all enzyme activities, while climatic factors (time) showed significant (p < 0.001) effects on protease, L‐glutaminase, and L‐asparaginase activities. Over the sites and times, the soil moisture (%) explained 20%–27% of the variation in protease, L‐glutaminase, and L‐asparaginase activities. Soil‐free amino acid concentrations were observed to be significantly affected by site (p < 0.05). The aliphatic and polar amino acid pools, however, were the only soil‐free amino acid pools that significantly varied with time (p < 0.05). Pools of aliphatic and polar amino acids were significantly negatively correlated with soil moisture (r = −0.55, p < 0.05). These results find that the soil N dynamics in arid ecosystems might dramatically depend dramatically on edaphic factors and plant litter properties, and changes in soil pH, electrical conductivity, clay content, total soil organic carbon and total soil and litter N maybe even more important than the soil moisture, although sensitivity to edaphic factors were found to vary with a pathway and time of sampling. Thus, the information on N pools and N‐hydrolysis potential could be useful in linking climatic‐soil factors with arid ecosystem N fluxes.
Efficacy of a wheat polar lipid complex in reducing hair loss and improving hair growth in healthy women: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study
Authors: Dudonné Stéphanie , Kern Catherine , Garcia Christine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveHair loss is a major source of psychological distress for affected people. Safe and natural ingredients are therefore needed to help reduce hair loss and stimulate hair growth. This pilot clinical study aimed at exploring the efficacy of a wheat polar lipid complex (WPLC, Ceramosides™), containing sphingolipids and digalactosyl diglycerides, on hair characteristics improvement in women showing acute hair shedding.MethodsSixty‐six women presenting a proportion of hair in the telogen phase greater than 15% were recruited and allocated to two groups, each including at least 10 postmenopausal women. For 84 days, participants consumed 30 mg/day of the WPLC supplement, or the placebo. Their hair characteristics were assessed after 56 and 84 days using phototrichogram evaluations of hairs in anagen/telogen phases, measuring hair shedding by a pull test, hair diameter and elongation at break point, hair growth and scalp sebum content. Hair density and volume were also clinically evaluated. All these parameters were also investigated in the subgroup of postmenopausal women.ResultsWPLC supplementation decreased telogen hair density/proportion while increasing the anagen hair density/proportion. These effects were significant compared with the placebo as early as within 56 days. It also led to reduced hair shedding upon pull test analyses. If no changes were evidenced in hair diameter, WPLC improved hair growth and resistance to breakage after 84 days. Clinical evaluations also showed hair density and volume improvement. Furthermore, supplementation decreased scalp sebum content in women with oily hair. The beneficial effects were also observed in the subgroup of postmenopausal women. Finally, WPLC supplementation improved participants' perception of their hair conditions.ConclusionThrough a reducing effect on hair shedding and a stimulating effect on hair reappearance and growth, WPLC dietary supplementation was shown to significantly reduce hair loss in women.
Effect of laparoscopic versus open surgery on postoperative wound complications in patients with low rectal cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Shu , Lin Yuting , Zhong Wenjin , Xu Wenji , Huang Zhongxin , Cai Suqin , Chen Wen , Zhang Baogen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of microinvasive and open operations on postoperative wound complications in low rectal carcinoma patients. Research on limited English has been conducted systematically in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The date up to the search was in August 2023. Following review of the classification and exclusion criteria for this research and the evaluation of its quality in the literature, there were a total of 266 related papers, which were reviewed for inclusion in the period from 2004 to 2017. A total of 1774 cases of low rectal cancer were enrolled. Of these 913 cases, the laparoscopic operation was performed on 913 cases, while 861 cases were operated on low rectal carcinoma. The overall sample was between 10 and 482. Five trials described the efficacy of laparoscopy have lower risk than open on postoperative wound infection in patients with low rectal cancer (OR, 0.72;95 % CI, 0.48,1.09 p = 0.12). Three studies results showed that the anastomotic leak was not significantly different between open and laparoscopy (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.58,1.26 p = 0.44). Six surgical trials in low rectal cancer patients reported haemorrhage, and five cases of surgical time were reported, with laparoscopy having fewer bleeding compared with open surgery (MD, −188.89; 95% CI, −341.27, −36.51 p = 0.02). Compared with laparoscopy, the operation time was shorter for the open operation (MD, 33.06; 95% CI, 30.56, 35.57 p < 0.0001). Overall, there is no significant difference between laparoscopy and open surgery in terms of incidence of infection and anastomosis leak. However, the rate of haemorrhage in laparoscopy is lower，and operation time in open surgery is lower.
Integrative demographic modelling reduces uncertainty in estimated rates of species' historical range shifts
Authors: Castilla Antonio R. , Brown Alissa , Hoban Sean , Abhainn Everett Andrew , Robinson John D. , Romero‐Severson Jeanne , Smith Adam B. , Strand Allan E. , Tipton John R. , Dawson Andria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimBiogeographers have used three primary data types to examine shifts in tree ranges in response to past climate change: fossil pollen, genetic data and contemporary occurrences. Although recent efforts have explored formal integration of these types of data, we have limited understanding of how integration affects estimates of range shift rates and their uncertainty. We compared estimates of biotic velocity (i.e. rate of species' range shifts) using each data type independently to estimates obtained using integrated models.LocationEastern North America.TaxonFraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall (green ash).MethodsUsing fossil pollen, genomic data and modern occurrence data, we estimated biotic velocities directly from 24 species distribution models (SDMs) and 200 pollen surfaces created with a novel Bayesian spatio‐temporal model. We compared biotic velocity from these analyses to estimates based on coupled demographic‐coalescent simulations and Approximate Bayesian Computation that combined fossil pollen and SDMs with population genomic data collected across the F. pennsylvanica range.ResultsPatterns and magnitude of biotic velocity over time varied by the method used to estimate past range dynamics. Estimates based on fossil pollen yielded the highest rates of range movement. Overall, integrating genetic data with other data types in our simulation‐based framework reduced apparent uncertainty in biotic velocity estimates and resulted in greater similarity in estimates between SDM‐ and pollen‐integrated analyses.Main ConclusionsBy reducing uncertainty in our assessments of range shifts, integration of data types improves our understanding of the past distribution of species. Based on these results, we propose further steps to reach the integration of these three lines of biogeographical evidence into a unified analytical framework.
Association among cognitive function, daytime activities, and nighttime sleep in older adults in a long‐term care facility
Authors: Zhou Lu , Suwa Sayuri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo determine how the nighttime sleep patterns of older adults in a long‐term care facility vary according to cognitive function and participation in daytime activities.MethodsThis observational study was conducted with older adults aged ≥65 years who are residents of a long‐term care facility. Nighttime sleep was monitored using a non‐wearable sleep monitor for 8 weeks. Based on the Mini‐Mental State Examination scores for assessment of cognitive function, participants were classified into non‐dementia, mild‐to‐moderate dementia, and severe dementia groups. The Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to analyze the data.ResultsTwenty three older adults were included in this study. Sleep onset latency was significantly longer in the severe dementia group than in the non‐dementia (p = .027) and mild‐to‐moderate dementia (p = .041) groups. Sleep efficiency was significantly lower in the severe dementia group than in the mild‐to‐moderate dementia group (p = .003), whereas wakefulness after sleep onset was significantly longer in the severe dementia group than in the mild‐to‐moderate dementia group (p = .011). The number of days spent engaging in recreational activities was <50%, whereas those spent taking a nap was >60% in all older adults. Older adults with mild‐to‐moderate dementia had better sleep and participated in more daytime activities than those with severe or no dementia. Moreover, bathing in a bathtub improved sleep onset latency.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that participation in daytime activities and bathing in a bathtub affect nighttime sleep in older adults.
The parental involvement process regarding childhood cancer survivors becoming independent: Focus on balancing health management and social lives from adolescence to adulthood
Authors: Miyagishima Kyoko , Ichie Kazuko , Sakaguchi Kimiyoshi , Kato Yuka 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to elucidate the parental involvement process regarding childhood cancer survivors' (CCSs') independence while balancing their health management and social lives from adolescence to adulthood to obtain suggestions for long‐term support for CCSs and their parents.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 19 parents of Japanese CCSs aged 16–25 years. The data were then qualitatively analyzed using the modified grounded theory approach.ResultsThree “categories” and 20 “concepts” were generated. The connections among these categories and concepts revealed the parental involvement process regarding CCSs' independence while balancing their health management and social lives. The first phase in this process is to “support careful behaviors,” mainly during CCSs' treatment in the outpatient clinic or shortly after discharge. As CCSs recover after cancer treatment, parents “watch over, but feel conflicted,” with “conflicts between protecting their sons/daughters and giving them independence.” Then, parents reach a phase in which they “acknowledge and entrust,” which includes “acknowledgment of development and efforts” of their sons/daughters, and develop an “attitude to entrust medical checkups to their sons/daughters, along with their preparation.” The influencing factors of the three phases include “ongoing anxieties about the late effects of therapy and recurrence” and an “expectation for their sons/daughters to acquire abilities for living independently.”ConclusionsThese findings suggest that nurses need to accept parents' feelings and thoughts regarding conflicts with CCSs, recognition of CCSs' development, and values. These processes may help nurses and health‐care professionals support parents from a comprehensive perspective.
Biological and molecular characterization of bidens mosaic virus infecting patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) in Brazil
Authors: Martines Caroline da Cruz , Favara Gabriel Madoglio , Marubayashi Julio Massaharu , Dovigo Leonardo Hipólito , Nogueira Angélica Maria , Kitajima Elliot Watanabe , Krause‐Sakate Renate 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSix patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) plants showing symptoms of viral infection were found in Brazil. Transmission electron microscopy revealed flexuous particles and characteristic pinwheel‐shaped cytoplasmic inclusions of potyvirus in sap and cells of symptomatic leaves. Potyvirus infection was confirmed through RT‐PCR, using universal primers followed by nucleotide sequencing. The obtained sequences, comprising part of the CP gene and the 3′ non‐translated region, showed 97.71%–97.87% identity with an isolate of bidens mosaic virus (BiMV). The nucleotide sequences of the CP, HC‐Pro and CI genes of BiMV isolates from patchouli plants were obtained through RT‐PCR with specific primers followed by nucleotide sequencing. The obtained sequences showed 95.78%–97.1% identities with BiMV isolates from Brazil. One BiMV isolate from a patchouli infected plant was sap‐transmitted to different plant species. Chenopodium amaranticolor exhibited local lesions, Bidens pilosa developed leaf mosaic, and Nicotiana benthamiana exhibited chlorosis and stunting. The BiMV isolate was transmitted from infected patchouli plant to B. pilosa using Myzus persicae aphids. This is the first confirmation of patchouli infected with BiMV in Brazil. Further studies are necessary to assess the incidence of this potyvirus in commercial patchouli crops, as well as the damage caused to plant development and the quantity and quality of essential oils produced.