bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preventing club bankruptcy: exploring new financial regulation approaches in French football
Authors: Carin Yann , Brocard Jean-François 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to propose an analysis of financial regulation practices, identified thanks to an extensive benchmark carried out in eight European professional sports leagues.Design/methodology/approachBetween 1970 and 2018, 81 French football clubs went bankrupt. The paper proposes an analysis of financial regulation practices in eight European professional sports leagues to enhance the prevention of bankruptcy of French football clubs. Three research questions are addressed: What are the financial and accounting disclosure practices in the main professional leagues? What assessment tools are employed to evaluate the financial risk and budgetary feasibility? What financial support measures exist for clubs and how are insolvency proceedings initiated by clubs? To identify financial regulation practices in professional sport, a selection of leagues was made based on their economic importance, specific regulatory tools used, and their approach to financial difficulties and the handling of insolvency proceedings.FindingsThrough an examination of financial regulation practices in other leagues, three main findings are highlighted: The significance of required financial documents and deadlines varies depending on the competition organizer; some leagues utilize ratio-based assessments rather than relying solely on opinions from financial oversight bodies; certain leagues have established assistance processes for troubled clubs as opposed to punitive measures resulting in administrative regulations.Practical implicationsThis study proposes new financial regulation modalities to prevent the bankruptcy of French football clubs. Firstly, a reform management control is suggested. Secondly, the engagement of stakeholders in bankruptcy prevention is recommended. Lastly, the implementation of a dedicated policy to support clubs facing difficulties is proposed.Originality/valueThe French football federation and the professional league are important actors in the European football. Many bankruptcies are noted in these championships and since the COVID crisis, the financial situation of the clubs has deteriorated, pointing to a strong risk of bankruptcy in the coming years.
Stakeholder engagement during the COVID-19 crisis: perspectives from South Africa
Authors: Myeza Lindani , Kok Marianne , Lange Yvette , Maroun Warren 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine how governing bodies demonstrated stakeholder engagement during the time of the COVID-19 crisis in South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews with 18 participants, comprising of preparers of financial statements, board members and management consultants/advisors. The study also relied on the analysis of articles on corporate webpages and publications produced by professional bodies on the economic, social and environmental impact of COVID-19.

Findings
The results of this study indicated that governing bodies demonstrated stakeholder engagement during times of crisis through transparent reporting, corporate social responsibility initiatives and active stakeholder inclusivity.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the body of research on stakeholder engagement during a crisis and provides evidence of the role stakeholder inclusivity can play in responding to a crisis. The findings will be useful in understanding the importance of stakeholder engagement during times of crisis. The study is one of the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to evaluate how stakeholder engagement principles can be followed by governing bodies during a crisis.
The artificial intelligence-enabled customer experience in tourism: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ghesh Nada , Alexander Matthew , Davis Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
The increased utilization of artificial intelligence-enabled applications (AI-ETs) across the customer journey has transformed customer experience (CX), introducing entirely new forms of the concept. This paper aims to explore existing academic research on the AI-enabled customer experience (AICX), identifying gaps in literature and opportunities for future research in this domain.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted in March 2022. Using 16 different keyword combinations, literature search was carried across five databases, where 98 articles were included and analysed. Descriptive analysis that made use of the Theory, Characteristics, Context, Methods (TCCM) framework was followed by content analysis.

Findings
This study provides an overview of available literature on the AICX, develops a typology for classifying the identified AI-ETs, identifies gaps in literature and puts forward opportunities for future research under five key emerging themes: definition and dynamics; implementation; outcomes and measurement; consumer perspectives; and contextual lenses.

Originality/value
This study establishes a fresh perspective on the interplay between AI and CX, introducing the AICX as a novel form of the experience construct. It also presents the AI-ETs as an integrated and holistic unit capturing the full range of AI technologies. Remarkably, it represents a pioneering review exclusively concentrating on the customer-facing dimension of AI applications.
An intuitive approach for measuring the resilience of biological communities to environmental change
Authors: Bowler Diana E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractResearch Highlight: Sæther, B. E., Engen, S., & Solbu, E. B. (2023a). Assessing the sensitivity and resistance of communities in a changing environment. Journal of Animal Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365‐2656.14003. In the face of global change, conservation strategies can be informed by understanding which biological communities are most at risk. Metrics that reflect the ‘resilience’ of communities to change could have great utility, but there is still no consensus on the most useful way to measure it. Sæther et al. introduce an intuitive approach to thinking about and measuring resilience based on how variation in the total number of individuals within a community affects the number of species. By using dynamic species abundance distribution models, they also quantify the different sources of population‐level variation that contribute to community resilience. Evenness emerges as an important predictor of resilience, with more even communities predicted to be more sensitive to abundance loss. An attractive feature of their approach is the ability to estimate the key parameters using commonly used generalized linear mixed effects models, which they illustrate with a case study on forest bird communities. The approach is ripe for comparison across different systems to explore how these proposed metrics complement existing biodiversity metrics and how they help understand the risk of communities from environmental change.
Compulsory guesthood, social cohesion, and the politics of hospitality in Turkey
Authors: Babül Elif M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article explores hospitality as a key rhetorical framework for refugee management in Turkey by focusing on how host‐guest relations are mobilized to represent, interpret, and problematize the current state of affairs regarding Syrian refugees, as well as to formulate policies. It analyses the transformation of hospitality rhetoric, the notion of ‘compulsory guesthood’, and the most recent social cohesion initiatives. I argue that host‐guest metaphors are used to assert power and leverage both domestically and internationally by exerting sovereign control over a post‐imperial nation‐space, performing neo‐imperial guardianship over the downtrodden, and claiming an ethno‐religious, civilizational morality that exceeds the legalistic logic of human rights and entitlements.
Should we include margins of error in public opinion polls?
Authors: KRAUSE WERNER , GAHN CHRISTINA 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPublic opinion polls have become vital and increasingly visible parts of election campaigns. Previous research has frequently demonstrated that polls can influence both citizens' voting intentions and political parties' campaign strategies. However, they are also fraught with uncertainty. Margins of error can reflect (parts of) this uncertainty. This paper investigates how citizens' voting intentions change due to whether polling estimates are presented with or without margins of error.Using a vignette experiment (N=3224), we examine this question based on a real‐world example in which different election polls were shown to nationally representative respondents ahead of the 2021 federal election in Germany. We manipulated the display of the margins of error, the interpretation of polls and the closeness of the electoral race.The results indicate that margins of error can influence citizens' voting intentions. This effect is dependent on the actual closeness of the race and additional interpretative guidance provided to voters. More concretely, the results consistently show that margins of error increase citizens' inclination to vote for one of the two largest contesting parties if the polling gap between these parties is small, and an interpretation underlines this closeness.The findings of this study are important for three reasons. First, they help to determine whether margins of error can assist citizens in making more informed (strategic) vote decisions. They shed light on whether depicting opinion‐poll uncertainty affects the key features of representative democracy, such as democratic accountability. Second, the results stress the responsibility of the media. The way polls are interpreted and contextualized influences the effect of margins of error on voting behaviour. Third, the findings of this paper underscore the significance of including methodological details when communicating scientific research findings to the broader public.
Host and environmental influences on the gut bacterial community of carabid beetles in distinct paddy fields
Authors: Do Yuno , Park Woong‐Bae , Park Jun‐Kyu , Park Siae , Kwon Ohseok , Choi Moon Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe relationship between the gut bacterial communities of carabid beetles and their habitats holds implications for understanding ecological dynamics. This study examined the gut bacterial communities of two carabid beetle species, Chlaenius pallipes and Pheropsophus jessoensis, in terraced and flat paddy fields. Differences in gut bacterial communities were evident at the species level and were based on habitat. Specifically, P. jessoensis had a greater presence of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in terraced fields but more Actinobacteria in flatland fields. In comparison, C. pallipes consistently showed high levels of Firmicutes in both habitats. These differences were reflected at class and genus levels, emphasizing the role of host specificity in shaping gut microbiota. Alpha diversity metrics indicated that P. jessoensis hosted a more diverse bacterial community than C. pallipes. Terraced fields, however, showed slightly reduced diversity in P. jessoensis, suggesting environmental effects on microbial populations. Beta diversity analysis using Bray–Curtis distances differentiated the bacterial communities of the two beetles. Multivariate analysis of variance reinforced these findings. Insights from the Sloan neutral model indicate that environmental factors predominantly influence bacterial community assembly through stochastic processes. Functionally, metabolism was highlighted, indicating the role of gut bacteria in beetle metabolic processes. Notably, energy metabolism varied between field types, revealing environmental effects on gut bacterial functions. This study offers in‐depth insights into interactions between host‐specific and environmental factors influencing gut bacterial communities of carabid beetles, contributing to a broader understanding of microbial ecology and the roles of environment and host in microbiota dynamics.
Management and outcomes of glioblastoma: 20‐year experience in a single Australian institution
Authors: Lenffer Bianca , Ruben Jeremy , Senthi Sashendra , Millar Jeremy , Ong Wee Loon 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to evaluate the changing patterns in the management of glioblastoma (GBM) and impact on survival outcomes over a 20‐year period.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with GBM between 2001 and 2020, who had radiation therapy (RT) in an Australian institution. The primary outcomes were changes in treatment modalities (including surgery, RT, and chemotherapy) over time and overall survival (OS). Multivariable Cox regressions were used to evaluate factors associated with OS, including age, sex, ECOG performance status, treatment modalities, treatment facility, and year of treatment.Results1079 patients were included in this study. Thirty‐five per cent of patients had gross total resection, increasing from 31% in 2001–2005 to 45% in 2016–2020 (P < 0.001). Sixty‐four per cent of patients had ≥60 Gy RT, increasing from 57% in 2001–2005 to 66% in 2016–2020 (P < 0.001). Seventy‐five per cent of patients had chemotherapy, increasing from 22% in 2001–2005 to 89% in 2016–2020 (P < 0.001). Treatment received varied based on patients' age and ECOG performance status. The median OS for the entire cohort was 13.0 months (95% CI = 12.0–13.7). Median OS in patients who had maximal treatment (i.e., gross total resection, ≥60 Gy RT and chemotherapy) was 20.6 months (95% CI = 17.3–22.8). In multivariable analyses, age, sex, treatment facility, extent of surgical resection, RT dose, and chemotherapy use were associated with OS.ConclusionThis is one of the largest Australian series on the management and outcomes of GBM spanning a 20‐year period. We observed improvement in OS over time, which is likely associated with evolving treatment options over the study period.
The burden of musculoskeletal pain, associated sociodemographic factors, and disability in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Hina , Saeed Muhammad Ahmed , Attique Fatima 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this survey was to determine the burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain, its association with sociodemographic factors and disability in the semi‐urban community of Nain‐Sukh, Lahore.MethodsThe current article's data is taken from the COPCORD survey conducted in the community of Nain‐Sukh. After formal IRB approval, data collection was done via interview by a trained team using validated Urdu translation of COPCORD core questionnaires. Participants of both genders, >16 years, were enrolled through a random walk and quota sampling. In phase 1, sociodemographic factors were recorded. In phase 2, the impact of MSK pain on functional disability was assessed by the Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ). The data was compiled and analyzed using software SPSS version 25. The Chi‐square test was applied to determine association while generalized linear regression models to see the dependence of sociodemographic factors and MSK pain.ResultsOut of 4922 participants, 1425 (28.9%) had MSK pain, with a mean age of 35 ± 14  years, with female predominance. Illiteracy, marital status, and household work with moderate intensity were significantly associated with MSK pain. Based on the MHAQ score, the majority 769 (82.9%) had a mild disability. Odds of advancing age, illiteracy, and moderate intensity of work were statistically significant for MSK pain.ConclusionEvery fourth subject in the surveyed population had MSK pain. Musculoskeletal pain was found to be significantly associated with female gender, advancing age, household work, illiteracy, married status, and moderate nature of work. More than two‐thirds of the subjects with MSK pain had some degree of disability.
CEO social capital, business environment, and the level of corporate risk‐taking in China
Authors: Su Xin , Fu Wenxiu , Zou Liping , Wu Ji (George) 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe find a significant positive role of chief executive officer (CEO) social capital on the level of corporate risk‐taking for Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2019. We reveal that a better business environment tends to reduce this positive relationship. In addition, we also find that corporate innovations provide moderation effects on the relationship. Further analysis of heterogeneity tests on firm characteristics suggests that CEO social capital's effect on corporate risk‐taking is significant and stronger for non‐state‐owned enterprises, firms with fewer female directors on their board, and firms with more cash holdings.
Effects of ultrasonics and trephine burs on dentinal microcrack formation during broken instrument removal procedures: A micro‐CT analysis
Authors: Özdayi Kadriye , Yilmaz Sehnaz , Dumani Aysin , Yoldas Oguz 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of ultrasonic and trephine burs on microcrack formation during the removal of broken instruments, utilising micro‐computed tomography (Micro‐CT). Twenty‐five extracted human mandibular molars were used for this study. The hand files were fractured into the mesiobuccal canal, except in the control group. In the ultrasonic group (n = 10), ultrasonic tips were used to retrieve the instrument, while in the trephine group (n = 10), trephine burs (Meitrac, Meisinger) and an extractor device were utilised. For the control group (n = 5), only staging platform was prepared. After the removal procedures, micro‐CT images were obtained from the specimens. The chi‐squared test was used to analyse the data, and significance was considered to be p < 0.05. Overall, 15 736 cross sections were analysed. No significant differences were found between control and experimental groups. Removal of broken instruments with trephine burs caused significantly more dentinal microcracks compared with ultrasonics (p = 0.016).
Validation of the Sw71‐spheroid model with primary trophoblast cells
Authors: Alexandrova Marina , Manchorova Diana , You Yuan , Terzieva Antonia , Dimitrova Violeta , Mor Gil , Dimova Tanya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractProblemHuman implantation is a limiting factor for the success of natural and IVF reproduction since about 60% of pregnancy losses occur in the peri‐implantation period. The in vitro modeling of human implantation challenges the researchers in accurate recreation of the complex in vivo differentiation and function of human blastocyst in the peri‐implantation period. In previous studies, we constructed Sw71‐spheroid models, which like human blastocyst undergo compactization, attaches to the endometrial epithelium, invade, and migrate. The aim of this study was to validate the trophoblast Sw71‐spheroid model with primary trophoblast cells, derived from healthy women in early pregnancy.Method of StudyWe performed a direct comparison of Sw71‐spheroid model with placenta‐derived primary trophoblasts regarding their hybrid phenotype and HLA status, as well as the ability to generate spheroids able to migrate and invade. From the primary trophoblast cells, isolated by mild enzymatic treatment and Percoll gradient separation, were generated long‐lived clones, which phenotype was assessed by FACS and immunocytochemistry.ResultsOur results showed that cultured primary trophoblasts have the EVT phenotype (Vim+/CK7+/HLA‐C+/HLA‐G+), like Sw71 cells. In both 3D culture settings, we obtained stable, round‐shaped, multilayered spheroids. Although constructed from the same number of cells, the primary trophoblast spheroids were smaller. The primary trophoblast spheroids migrate successfully, and in term of invasion are equally potent but less stable as compared to Sw71 spheroids.ConclusionsThe Sw71 cell line and cultured native trophoblast cells are interchangeable regarding their EVT phenotype (HLA‐C+/HLA‐G+/Vim+/CK7+). The blastocyst‐like spheroids sourced by both types of cells differentiate in the same time frame and function similarly. We strongly advise the use of Sw71 spheroids as blastocyst surrogate for observation on trophectoderm differentiation and function during early human implantation.
ISE/ISHNE expert consensus statement on the ECG diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy: The change of the paradigm
Authors: Bacharova Ljuba , Chevalier Philippe , Gorenek Bulent , Jons Christian , Li Yi‐Gang , Locati Emanuela T. , Maanja Maren , Pérez‐Riera Andrés Ricardo , Platonov Pyotr G. , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Schocken Douglas , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Svehlikova Jana , Tereshchenko Larisa G. , Ugander Martin , Varma Niraj , Elena Zaklyazminskaya , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ECG diagnosis of LVH is predominantly based on the QRS voltage criteria. The classical paradigm postulates that the increased left ventricular mass generates a stronger electrical field, increasing the leftward and posterior QRS forces, reflected in the augmented QRS amplitude. However, the low sensitivity of voltage criteria has been repeatedly documented. We discuss possible reasons for this shortcoming and proposal of a new paradigm. The theoretical background for voltage measured at the body surface is defined by the solid angle theorem, which relates the measured voltage to spatial and non‐spatial determinants. The spatial determinants are represented by the extent of the activation front and the distance of the recording electrodes. The non‐spatial determinants comprise electrical characteristics of the myocardium, which are comparatively neglected in the interpretation of the QRS patterns. Various clinical conditions are associated with LVH. These conditions produce considerable diversity of electrical properties alterations thereby modifying the resultant QRS patterns. The spectrum of QRS patterns observed in LVH patients is quite broad, including also left axis deviation, left anterior fascicular block, incomplete and complete left bundle branch blocks, Q waves, and fragmented QRS. Importantly, the QRS complex can be within normal limits. The new paradigm stresses the electrophysiological background in interpreting QRS changes, i.e., the effect of the non‐spatial determinants. This postulates that the role of ECG is not to estimate LV size in LVH, but to understand and decode the underlying electrical processes, which are crucial in relation to cardiovascular risk assessment.