bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nature of insoluble organic matter in Sutter's Mill and Murchison carbonaceous chondrites: Testing the effect of x‐ray computed tomography and exploring parent body organic molecular evolution
Authors: Cody George D. , Alexander Conel M. O'D. , Foustoukos Dionysis I. , Busemann Henner , Eckley Scott , Burton Aaron S. , Berger Eve L. , Nuevo Michel , Sandford Scott A. , Glavin Daniel P. , Dworkin Jason P. , Connolly Harold C. , Lauretta Dante S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study analyzed samples of the Murchison and Sutter's Mill carbonaceous chondrite meteorites in support of the future analysis of samples returned from the asteroid (10155) Bennu by the OSIRIS‐REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer) mission. Focusing specifically on the insoluble organic matter (IOM), this study establishes that a total of 1.3 g of bulk sample from a single chondritic meteorite are sufficient to obtain a wide range of cosmochemical information, including light element analysis (H, C, and N), isotopic analysis (D/H, 13C/12C, and 15N/14N), and x‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy for major elemental abundances. IOM isolated from the bulk meteorite samples was analyzed by light element and isotopic analysis as described above, 1H and 13C solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and complete noble gas analyses (abundances and isotopes). The samples studied included a pair from Murchison (CM2), one of which had been irradiated with high‐energy x‐rays in the course of computed tomographic imaging. No differences between the irradiated and non‐irradiated Murchison samples were observed in the many different chemical and spectroscopic analyses, indicating that any x‐ray–derived sample damage is below levels of detection. Elemental, isotopic, and molecular spectroscopic data derived from IOM isolated from the Sutter's Mill sample reveals evidence that this meteorite falls into the class of heated CM chondrites.
Emerging role of YAP/TAZ in vascular mechanotransduction and disease
Authors: Ritsvall Olivia , Albinsson Sebastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCells have an incredible ability to physically interact with neighboring cells and their environment. They can detect and respond to mechanical forces by converting mechanical stimuli into biochemical signals in a process known as mechanotransduction. This is a key process for the adaption of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells to altered flow and pressure conditions. Mechanical stimuli, referring to a physical force exerted on cells, are primarily sensed by transmembrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton, which initiate a cascade of intracellular events, including the activation of signaling pathways, ion channels, and transcriptional regulators. Recent work has highlighted an important role of the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ for mechanotransduction in vascular cells. Interestingly, the activity of YAP/TAZ decreases with age, providing a potential mechanism for the detrimental effects of aging in the vascular wall. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the functional role of YAP and TAZ in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells for mechanotransduction in homeostasis and disease. In particular, the review is focused on in vivo observations from conditional knockout (KO) models of YAP/TAZ and the potential implications these studies may have for our understanding of vascular disease development.
Alisol A inhibits the circ_0001831/miR‐346/LIN28B pathway to ameliorate high glucose‐induced injury of human renal mesangial cells
Authors: Yue Chunjing , Dai Weiwei , Song Xiaohua , Du Meisu , Qin Jie , Du Jingxia , Zhang Xiancai 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlisol A can ameliorate glucose metabolism disorders, however, there is no data regarding its role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The present work evaluates the role of Alisol A in DN and the underlying mechanism.MethodsRNA expression of circ_0001831, miR‐346, and lin‐28 homolog B (LIN28B) was detected by qRT‐PCR. Cell viability and proliferation were investigated by MTT assay and EdU assay, respectively. The inflammatory cytokines were examined by ELISAs. Oxidative stress was evaluated by the commercial kits. Protein expression was detected by western blotting. The interactions among circ_0001831, miR‐346, and LIN28B were identified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. DN mouse model assay was used to analyse the effect of Alisol A on renal injury of diabetic mice.ResultsHG treatment promoted HRMC proliferation, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress; however, these effects were reversed after Alisol A treatment. Alisol A treatment ameliorated STZ‐induced renal injury of diabetic mice. Additionally, circ_0001831 or LIN28B overexpression or miR‐346 downregulation relieved Alisol A‐induced effects under HG conditions. Mechanistically, circ_0001831 acted as a miR‐346 sponge, and LIN28B was identified as a target gene of miR‐346. Further, the regulation of circ_0001831 in HG‐induced HRMC dysfunction involved LIN28B.ConclusionAlisol A ameliorated HG‐induced HRMC fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress and STZ‐induced renal injury of diabetic mice by regulating the circ_0001831/miR‐346/LIN28B pathway.image
Validity of nomograms for predicting cancer risk in oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus
Authors: Adeoye John , Su Yu‐Xiong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study assessed the validity of nomograms for predicting malignant transformation (MT) among patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral lichen planus (OLP).Materials and MethodsTwo nomograms were identified following a systematic search. Variables to interrogate both nomograms were obtained for a retrospective OL/OLP cohort. Then, the nomograms were applied to estimate MT probabilities twice and their average was used to calculate the discriminatory performance, calibration, and potential net benefit of the models. Subgroup analyses were performed for patients with OL, OLP, and oral epithelial dysplasia.ResultsPredicted probabilities were mostly significantly higher among OL/OLP patients who developed MT compared to those who did not (p = <0.001–0.034). AUC values and Brier scores of the nomograms were 0.644–0.844 and 0.040–0.088 among OL patients and 0.580–0.743 and 0.008–0.072 among OLP patients. Decision curve analysis suggested that the nomograms had some net benefit for risk stratification. However, the models did not best binary dysplasia grading in discriminatory validity and net benefit among patients with OL and oral epithelial dysplasia.ConclusionNomograms for predicting MT may have satisfactory validity among patients with OL than OLP, but they do not outperform binary dysplasia grading in risk stratification of OL.
The impact of COVID‐19 on Italian dentists: A cross‐sectional survey on 2443 participants
Authors: Barbato Luigi , Discepoli Nicola , Clementini Marco , Iavicoli Ivo , Landi Luca , Pinchi Vilma , Raspini Mario , Di Martino Maria , Cavalcanti Raffaele , Crea Alessandro , Gianserra Rodolfo , Cairo Francesco , Sforza Nicola Marco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic among a sample of Italian dentists in terms of infection, strategies for infection control, organization of the dental clinic, attitude, and behavior.Material and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional survey. The sample consisted of 8000 Italian dentists selected among 63,375 using a computerized random sampling method.An electronic informed consent had to be signed. The questionnaire categories were on demographic, infection risk management, organization, and dentists' attitude and behavior. Geographic macro‐areas were used for subgroup analysis.ResultsAmong 8000 invited dentists, 2443 agreed to participate to the survey (30.6%). Mean age was 51.2 years, women were 34.5%. A total of 6.1% self‐reported COVID‐19 experience and higher rate of infection was reported in north Italy compared to the south (p < 0.05). FFP2/FFP3 respirators (97.1%) and visors (97.4%) were used by almost all dentists. While, natural ventilation and mouthwashes were the most frequent approaches used to reduce the infection risk. Most of the dentists reported positive attitude, nevertheless 83.6% felt an increased responsibility.ConclusionThe self‐reported COVID‐19 prevalence was 6.1% with some differences among geographic areas. COVID 19 had a deep impact on preventive strategies, dental office organization, and behavior within this sample.
Mixed oral biofilms are controlled by the interspecies interactions of Fusobacterium nucleatum
Authors: Valadbeigi Hassan , Khoshnood Saeed , Negahdari Babak , Maleki Abbas , Mohammadinejat Medya , Haddadi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundFusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an integral component of supra‐ and subgingival biofilms, especially more prevalent in subgingival areas during both periodontal health and disease.AimsIn this review, we explore the physical, metabolic, and genetic interactions that influence the role of F. nucleatum in the formation of mixed oral biofilms. The role of F. nucleatum in antibiotic resistance in oral biofilms was discussed and some therapeutic strategies were proposed.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science were extensively searched for English‐language reports.ResultsF. nucleatum‐derived proteins such as RadD, Fap2, FomA, and CmpA are involved in direct interactions contributing to biofilm formation, while autoinducer‐2 and putrescine are involved in metabolic interactions. Both groups are essential for the formation and persistence of oral biofilms. This study highlights the clinical relevance of targeted interactions of F. nucleatum in supra‐ and subgingival oral biofilms.ConclusionsBy focusing on these interactions, researchers and clinicians can develop more effective strategies to prevent biofilm‐related disease and reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance. Further research in this area is warranted to explore the potential therapeutic interventions that can be derived from understanding the interactions of F. nucleatum in oral biofilm dynamics.
Surgical Strategy for Recurrent Giant Cell Tumor in the Thoracolumbar Spine
Authors: Leng Ao , Yang Minglei , Sun Haitao , Dai Zeyu , Zhu Zhi , Wan Wei , Xiao Jianru 
Published: November 2023

ObjectiveRecurrent giant cell tumor (RGCT) of the spine represents a clinical challenge for surgeons, and the treatment strategy remains controversial. This study aims to describe the long‐term follow‐up outcomes and compare the efficacy of en bloc spondylectomy versus piecemeal spondylectomy in treating RGCT of the thoracolumbar spine.MethodsA total of 32 patients with RGCT of the thoracolumbar spine treated from June 2012 to June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 15 patients received total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) with wide or marginal margin while 17 patients received total piecemeal spondylectomy (TPS) with intralesional margin. Postoperative Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Score (ECOG‐PS), Frankel classification and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were evaluated after surgery. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and differences were analyzed with the log‐rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed with Cox regression to identify the independent prognostic factors affecting RFS.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 41.9 ± 17.5 months, all patients with compromised neurologic functions exhibit significant improvement, with the mean ECOG‐PS decreasing from 1.5 ± 1.3 to 0.13 ± 0.3 (p < 0.05). Among the 17 patients treated with TPS, eight patients developed local recurrence after a median time of 15.9 ± 6.4 months and four patients died from progressive disease. On the other hand, local recurrence were well managed with TES, since only one out of 15 patients experienced local relapse and all patients are alive with satisfied function at the latest follow‐up. The median RFS for patients receiving TES and TPS are 75.0 months (95% CI: 67.5–82.5 m) and 38.3 months (95% CI: 27.3–49.3 m) respectively (p = 0.008). Multivariate analysis shows that the Ki67 index (p = 0.016), resection mode (p = 0.022), and denosumab (p = 0.039) are independent risk factors affecting RFS.ConclusionsTES with wide/marginal margin should be offered to patients with RGCT whenever feasible, given its long‐term benefits in local control and symptom alleviation. Additionally, patients with lower Ki67 index and application of denosumab tend to have a better prognosis.
The trehalose 6‐phosphate phosphatase family in plants
Authors: Kerbler Sandra Mae‐Lin , Armijos‐Jaramillo Vinicio , Lunn John Edward , Vicente Rubén 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrehalose 6‐phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signalling metabolite linking plant growth and development to carbon metabolism. While recent work has focused predominantly on the enzymes that produce Tre6P, little is known about the proteins that catalyse its degradation, the trehalose 6‐phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Often occurring in large protein families, TPPs exhibit cell‐, tissue‐ and developmental stage‐specific expression patterns, suggesting important regulatory functions in controlling local levels of Tre6P and trehalose as well as Tre6P signalling. Furthermore, growing evidence through gene expression studies and transgenic approaches shows that TPPs play an important role in integrating environmental signals with plant metabolism. This review highlights the large diversity of TPP isoforms in model and crop plants and identifies how modulating Tre6P metabolism in certain cell types, tissues, and at different developmental stages may promote stress tolerance, resilience and increased crop yield.
The growth‐promoting effects of exercise in finfish: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rodgers Essie M. , Gomez Isaza Daniel F. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractExercise training may be an effective tool for promoting growth and production efficiency in finfish aquaculture. Yet, changes in growth and feed conversion ratios (FCR) following periods of exercise can be varied and context dependent. Variation in species and training protocols (duration, intensity and regime) can misalign interpretations, and individual studies hold limited statistical power. To remedy this, we compiled data from 69 studies spanning 31 species to quantify the effects of exercise training on growth rates and FCRs. Using meta‐analytic tools, we show that exercise training significantly increases growth rates across a range of taxonomically diverse finfish. Optimal training regimes were identified; effects were strongest when fish were exercised continuously rather than intermittently, at target swimming speeds ≤ 2 body lengths s−1, for longer durations of time. These results are most applicable to juvenile fish (mean length of fish in the analyses = 16 cm). Exercise training was also shown to decrease variability in growth rates, leading to fish that are more uniform in size. FCRs were unaffected by exercise, showing that exercised‐ and control‐fish were equally efficient at converting food into body mass. Overall, our analyses show that exercise is a powerful management tool in promoting rapid growth, where fish can reach marketable sizes faster.
The causal relationship between pure hypercholesterolemia and psoriasis: A bidirectional, two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Bai Ruimin , Ren Landong , Guo Jiaqi , Xian Ningyi , Luo Ruiting , Chang Yaxin , Dai Yilin , Lei Hao , Zheng Yan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have reported the association between pure hypercholesterolemia (PH) and psoriasis, but the causal effect remains unclear.MethodsWe explored the causal effect between PH and psoriasis using two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using data from genome‐wide association studies. Single nucleotide polymorphisms related with exposures at the genome‐wide significance level (p < 5×10–8) and less than the linkage disequilibrium level (r2 < 0.001) were chosen as instrumental variables. Subsequently, we used inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR‐Egger and weighted median (WM) methods for causal inference. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Heterogeneity was tested using Cochran's Q‐test, and horizontal pleiotropy was examined using the MR‐Egger intercept. Leave‐one‐out analyses were performed to assess the robustness and reliability of the results.ResultsMR results showed a positive causal effect of PH on psoriasis [IVW: odds ratios (OR): 1.139, p = 0.032; MR‐Egger: OR: 1.434, p = 0.035; WM: OR: 1.170, p = 0.045] and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (IVW: OR: 1.210, p = 0.049; MR‐Egger regression: OR: 1.796, p = 0.033; WM: OR: 1.317, p = 0.028). However, there is no causal relationship between PH and psoriasis vulgaris as well as other unspecified psoriasis. Inverse MR results suggested a negative causal relationship between PsA and PH (IVW: OR: 0.950, p = 0.037). No heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy exist, and these results were confirmed to be robust.ConclusionPH has a positive casual effect on psoriasis and PsA, and PsA may reduce the risk of having PH.
Do organic farming practices improve soil physical properties?
Authors: Blanco‐Canqui Humberto , Ruis Sabrina J. , Francis Charles A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOrganic farming (OF) is a reemerging system that could address food security and adverse environmental footprints of conventional farming (CF). However, how OF affects the soil physical environment, an essential pillar for soil ecosystem service delivery, is not well understood. This paper (1) reviews published global literature up to 13 July 2023 regarding the impacts of OF on soil physical properties compared with CF and (2) underlines research needs. Literature indicates OF improves some soil physical properties relative to CF although studies on some properties were few. Specifically, OF increased wet aggregate stability, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and plant available water in 55% of studies. OF also increased mesoporosity (5–500 μm) and cumulative water infiltration. However, OF had mixed or no effects on soil compaction indicators (i.e. bulk density, penetration resistance). Not all studies reported both soil physical properties and soil organic C to assess how amendment‐induced increase in soil organic C affected physical properties. Based on studies reporting both properties, physical properties such as wet aggregate stability were not significantly correlated (r = 0.12; p > .10) with soil organic C. Variability in data and frequent tillage under OF likely obscured this relationship. Factors tended to affect OF impacts on physical properties in this order: amendment type > duration > others. Most OF studies (1) used animal manure amendments, (2) were long‐term (>10 years), and (3) were conducted in medium textured soils, highlighting the need for more comprehensive assessments of OF and soil physical properties under different management conditions. In general, OF improves some soil physical properties, which can contribute to OF sustainability.
A drug‐resistant mutation in plant target of rapamycin validates the specificity of ATP‐competitive TOR inhibitors in vivo
Authors: Perdoux Romain , Barrada Adam , Boulaiz Manal , Garau Camille , Belbachir Clément , Lecampion Cécile , Montané Marie‐Hélène , Menand Benoît 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYKinases are major components of cellular signaling pathways, regulating key cellular activities through phosphorylation. Kinase inhibitors are efficient tools for studying kinase targets and functions, however assessing their kinase specificity in vivo is essential. The identification of resistant kinase mutants has been proposed to be the most convincing approach to achieve this goal. Here, we address this issue in plants via a pharmacogenetic screen for mutants resistant to the ATP‐competitive TOR inhibitor AZD‐8055. The eukaryotic TOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase is emerging as a major hub controlling growth responses in plants largely thanks to the use of ATP‐competitive inhibitors. We identified a dominant mutation in the DFG motif of the Arabidopsis TOR kinase domain that leads to very strong resistance to AZD‐8055. This resistance was characterized by measuring root growth, photosystem II (PSII) activity in leaves and phosphorylation of YAK1 (Yet Another Kinase 1) and RPS6 (Ribosomal protein S6), a direct and an indirect target of TOR respectively. Using other ATP‐competitive TOR inhibitors, we also show that the dominant mutation is particularly efficient for resistance to drugs structurally related to AZD‐8055. Altogether, this proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates that a pharmacogenetic screen in Arabidopsis can be used to successfully identify the target of a kinase inhibitor in vivo and therefore to demonstrate inhibitor specificity. Thanks to the conservation of kinase families in eukaryotes, and the possibility of creating amino acid substitutions by genome editing, this work has great potential for extending studies on the evolution of signaling pathways in eukaryotes.
How EU membership affects foreign direct investment: Differences between EU15 and CEE countries
Authors: Meinhart Bettina 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article examines the impact of membership in the European Union (EU) on foreign direct investments (FDI). In contrast to previous studies, the overall effect of EU membership is disaggregated by countries that joined the EU before 2004 (EU15) and those that joined after 2004 [Central and Eastern European (CEE)]. This disaggregation is motivated by differences between the two groups in terms of their historical background, GDP levels and motives for FDI. Furthermore, the effects of EU membership are estimated at the country level. Using a structural FDI gravity model and applying recent advances in the gravity estimation literature, it is shown that membership of the EU has a substantial positive impact on both inward and outward FDI stocks. In particular, there is considerable heterogeneity in the impact of EU membership, with EU15 countries experiencing mainly an increase in inward FDI, while CEE countries experience a surge in outward FDI.