bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of hub genes and their correlation with immune infiltrating cells in membranous nephropathy: an integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Han Miaoru , Wang Yi , Huang Xiaoyan , Li Ping , Liang Xing , Wang Rongrong , Bao Kun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a chronic glomerular disease that leads to nephrotic syndrome in adults. The aim of this study was to identify novel biomarkers and immune-related mechanisms in the progression of MN through an integrated bioinformatics approach.

Methods
The microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MN and normal samples were identified and analyzed by the Gene Ontology analysis, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis and the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) enrichment. Hub The hub genes were screened and identified by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated the diagnostic value of hub genes. The single-sample GSEA analyzed the infiltration degree of several immune cells and their correlation with the hub genes.

Results
We identified a total of 574 DEGs. The enrichment analysis showed that metabolic and immune-related functions and pathways were significantly enriched. Four co-expression modules were obtained using WGCNA. The candidate signature genes were intersected with DEGs and then subjected to the LASSO analysis, obtaining a total of 6 hub genes. The ROC curves indicated that the hub genes were associated with a high diagnostic value. The CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells significantly infiltrated in MN samples and correlated with the hub genes.

Conclusions
We identified six hub genes (ZYX, CD151, N4BP2L2-IT2, TAPBP, FRAS1 and SCARNA9) as novel biomarkers for MN, providing potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment.
Carpets with visual cues can improve gait in Parkinson’s disease patients: may be independent of executive function
Authors: Hu Ze-Di , Zhu Shi-Guo , Huang Jie-Fan , Chen Jin-Yu , Huang Shi-Shi , Liu Rong-Pei , Chen Zhu-Ling , Ma Lu-Lu , Zhang Xiong , Wang Jian-Yong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Gait impairment is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, which greatly reduces their quality of life. Executive dysfunction is associated with gait impairment. Compensatory strategies, including visual cues, have been shown to be effective in improving PD gait. In this study, we aimed to understand whether carpets with visual cues could improve PD gait, and how the improvement varies across patients with different executive function state.

Methods
We designed carpets with chessboard and stripe cues. A total of 65 Chinese PD patients were recruited. Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, L-dopa equivalent daily dosage, Hoehn & Yahr stage, Frontal Assessment Battery, Mini Mental State Examination Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and Hamilton Depression Scale were evaluated. Gait parameters including stride length, gait speed and fall risk were recorded by a wearable electronic device.

Results
The stride length and gait speed were significantly improved and the fall risk was significantly mitigated when PD patients walked on carpets with chessboard and stripe patterns. Further analysis showed the amelioration of gait parameters was independent of executive dysfunction.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that carpets with visual cues can improve the gait of PD patients even in those with mild executive dysfunction.
Relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rezaei Shahrabi Armin , Arsenault Gabrielle , Nabipoorashrafi Seyed Ali , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Yaghoobpoor Shirin , Meidani Fatemeh Zari , Rahmati Rahem , Ghaedi Arshin , Khanzadeh Shokoufeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study aims to review the existing scientific literature on the role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) to perform a meta-analysis on the available data.

Methods
The electronic repositories Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus were systematically explored starting from their establishment up until June 9, 2022.

Results
Fifteen articles were included in the meta‐analysis after multiple screening according to the PRISMA guidelines. The combined findings indicated that individuals with DPN had higher levels of NLR in comparison to those without DPN (SMD = 0.61; CI 95% = 0.40–0.81, p < 0.001). In the subgroup assessment based on ethnicity, it was observed that diabetic patients with DPN exhibited increased NLR levels in contrast to those without DPN in studies conducted in India (SMD = 1.30; CI 95% = 0.37–2.24, p = 0.006) and East Asia (SMD = 0.53; CI 95% = 0.34–0.73, p < 0.001) but not in studies conducted in Turkey (SMD = 0.30; CI 95% = − 0.06–0.67, p = 0.104) and Egypt (SMD = 0.34; CI 95% = -0.14–0.82, p = 0.165). The pooled sensitivity of NLR was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.49–0.81), and the pooled specificity was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.56–0.81). The pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of NLR were 2.30 (95% CI = 1.71–3.09), 0.45 (95%CI = 0.30–0.67), and 5.06 (95% CI = 3.16–8.12), respectively.

Conclusion
NLR serves as a distinct marker of inflammation, and its rise in cases of DPN suggests an immune system imbalance playing a role in the development of the disease.
Causal association between body mass index and autoimmune thyroiditis: evidence from Mendelian randomization
Authors: Huo Jinlong , Xu Yaxuan , Yu Jie , Guo Youming , Hu Xiaochi , Ou Dong , Qu Rui , Zhao Lijin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have reported associations between body mass index (BMI) and various autoimmune disorders. However, it is still uncertain whether there exists a direct cause-and-effect relationship between BMI and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). The aim of our study is to investigate the causal association between BMI and AIT.

Methods
We conducted a two-sample summary data Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics data related to BMI as exposure, and GWAS summary statistic data sets for AIT as the outcome. Robustly associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BMI were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary method and performed other MR methods such as MR-Egger regression, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses for further validation. The slope of MR-Egger regression was used to correct for pleiotropy and provide estimates of causality. The p-value for the intercept in MR-Egger was utilized to detect any directional pleiotropic effects. Heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our findings.

Results
Seventy-eight SNPs were selected from GWAS on BMI as the IVs. Our MR analysis using the IVW method showed a potential causal association between BMI and AIT (OR = 3.071, 95% CI 1.324–7.118). Findings from other MR methods are non-significant, although the direction of effect is consistent. There was no evidence that the result was affected by genetic pleiotropy (MR-Egger regression intercept = 0.01, SE = 0.00025, p = 0.719). Heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses revealed no significant heterogeneity among SNPs, and no single SNP drove the observed associations.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest a potential causal association between BMI and AIT, which may provide a basis for further investigation into the relationship between BMI and AIT. Further studies are required as only the IVW method shows significant results, and the case sample size is small.
The molecular landscape of neurological disorders: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing in neurology and neurosurgery
Authors: Awuah Wireko Andrew , Ahluwalia Arjun , Ghosh Shankaneel , Roy Sakshi , Tan Joecelyn Kirani , Adebusoye Favour Tope , Ferreira Tomas , Bharadwaj Hareesha Rishab , Shet Vallabh , Kundu Mrinmoy , Yee Amanda Leong Weng , Abdul-Rahman Toufik , Atallah Oday 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSingle-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative technology in neurological and neurosurgical research, revolutionising our comprehension of complex neurological disorders. In brain tumours, scRNA-seq has provided valuable insights into cancer heterogeneity, the tumour microenvironment, treatment resistance, and invasion patterns. It has also elucidated the brain tri-lineage cancer hierarchy and addressed limitations of current models. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been molecularly subtyped, dysregulated pathways have been identified, and potential therapeutic targets have been revealed using scRNA-seq. In epilepsy, scRNA-seq has explored the cellular and molecular heterogeneity underlying the condition, uncovering unique glial subpopulations and dysregulation of the immune system. ScRNA-seq has characterised distinct cellular constituents and responses to spinal cord injury in spinal cord diseases, as well as provided molecular signatures of various cell types and identified interactions involved in vascular remodelling. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has shed light on the molecular complexities of cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke, providing insights into specific genes, cell-specific expression patterns, and potential therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the potential of scRNA-seq in guiding precision medicine approaches, identifying clinical biomarkers, and facilitating therapeutic discovery. However, challenges related to data analysis, standardisation, sample acquisition, scalability, and cost-effectiveness need to be addressed. Despite these challenges, scRNA-seq has the potential to transform clinical practice in neurological and neurosurgical research by providing personalised insights and improving patient outcomes.
The clinical outcomes of xenografts in the treatment of burn patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Irilouzadian Rana , Khalaji Amirmohammad , Baghsheikhi Hediyeh , Sarmadian Roham , Hoveidamanesh Soodabeh , Ghadimi Tayyeb , Farokh Forghani Siamak 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Although autografts are not feasible in patients with extensive burn wounds, allografts and xenografts can be used for temporary coverage. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we compared the outcomes of xenografts and the standard treatment of burn wounds.

Methods
International online databases were searched for English articles comparing xenografts with routine treatment in the burn patients. The random-effects model was used to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD) or odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
From a total of 7144 records, 14 studies were included in our review after screening by title and abstracts followed by full-texts. No significant difference in hospital stays was found between the mammalian xenografts and control groups (SMD [95% CI] = − 0.18 [− 0.54–0.18]). The mean number of dressing changes was significantly lower in both mammalian xenografts compared to the controls (SMD [95% CI] = − 1.01 [− 1.61–− 0.41]) and fish xenografts compared to controls (SMD [95% CI] = − 6.16 [− 7.65–− 4.66]). In the fish xenografts, re-epithelialization time was significantly lower compared to controls (SMD [95% CI] = − 1.18 [− 2.23–− 0.14]).

Conclusions
Xenografts showed a significantly lower number of dressing changes and fish xenografts showed significant benefit in re-epithelialization compared to routine treatment. The beneficial results of xenografts suggest further research in the use of different types of xenografts in patients with extensive burn.
The hospital Israelita Albert Einstein standards for constitutional sequence variants classification: version 2023
Authors: Quaio Caio Robledo D’Angioli Costa , Ceroni José Ricardo Magliocco , Pereira Michele Araújo , Teixeira Anne Caroline Barbosa , Yamada Renata Yoshiko , Cintra Vivian Pedigone , Perrone Eduardo , De França Marina , Chen Kelin , Minillo Renata Moldenhauer , Biondo Cheysa Arielly , de Mello Mariana Rezende Bandeira , Moura Lais Rodrigues , do Nascimento Amanda Thamires Batista , de Oliveira Pelegrino Karla , de Lima Larissa Barbosa , do Amaral Virmond Luiza , Moreno Carolina Araujo , Prota Joana Rosa Marques , de Araujo Espolaor Jessica Grasiela , Silva Thiago Yoshinaga Tonholo , Moraes Gabriel Hideki Izuka , de Oliveira Gustavo Santos , Moura Livia Maria Silva , Caraciolo Marcel Pinheiro , Guedes Rafael Lucas Muniz , Gretschischkin Michel Chieregato , Chazanas Pedro Lui Nigro , Nakamura Carolina Naomi Izo , de Souza Reis Rodrigo , Toledo Carmen Melo , Lage Fernanda Stussi Duarte , de Almeida Giovanna Bloise , do Nascimento Júnior José Bandeira , Cardoso Milena Andreuzo , de Paula Azevedo Victor , de Almeida Tatiana Ferreira , Cervato Murilo Castro , de Oliveira Filho Joao Bosco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Next-generation sequencing has had a significant impact on genetic disease diagnosis, but the interpretation of the vast amount of genomic data it generates can be challenging. To address this, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology have established guidelines for standardized variant interpretation. In this manuscript, we present the updated Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Standards for Constitutional Sequence Variants Classification, incorporating modifications from leading genetics societies and the ClinGen initiative.

Results
First, we standardized the scientific publications, documents, and other reliable sources for this document to ensure an evidence-based approach. Next, we defined the databases that would provide variant information for the classification process, established the terminology for molecular findings, set standards for disease-gene associations, and determined the nomenclature for classification criteria. Subsequently, we defined the general rules for variant classification and the Bayesian statistical reasoning principles to enhance this process. We also defined bioinformatics standards for automated classification. Our workgroup adhered to gene-specific rules and workflows curated by the ClinGen Variant Curation Expert Panels whenever available. Additionally, a distinct set of specifications for criteria modulation was created for cancer genes, recognizing their unique characteristics.

Conclusions
The development of an internal consensus and standards for constitutional sequence variant classification, specifically adapted to the Brazilian population, further contributes to the continuous refinement of variant classification practices. The aim of these efforts from the workgroup is to enhance the reliability and uniformity of variant classification.
Evaluating police drug diversion in England: protocol for a realist evaluation
Authors: Stevens Alex , Hendrie Nadine , Bacon Matthew , Parrott Steve , Monaghan Mark , Williams Emma , Lewer Dan , Moore Amber , Berlin Jenni , Cunliffe Jack , Quinton Paul 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThere is increasing international interest in the use of police drug diversion schemes that offer people suspected of minor drug-related offences an educative or therapeutic intervention as an alternative to criminalisation. While there have been randomised trials of some such schemes for their effects on reducing offending, with generally positive results, less is known about the health outcomes, and what works, for whom, in what circumstances and why. This protocol reports on a realist evaluation of police drug diversion in England that has been coproduced by a team of academic, policing, health, and service user partners. The overall study design combines a qualitative assessment of the implementation, contexts, mechanisms, moderators and outcomes of schemes in Durham, Thames Valley and the West Midlands with a quantitative, quasi-experimental analysis of administrative data on the effects of being exposed to the presence of police drug diversion on reoffending and health outcomes. These will be supplemented with analysis of the cost-consequences of the evaluated schemes, an analysis of the equity of their implementation and effects, and a realist synthesis of the various findings from these different methods.
The structural model of mother-infant bonding in the first pregnancy based on the mother’s attachment style and parenting style: the mediating role of mentalization and shame
Authors: Yazdanimehr Reza , Aflakseir Abdolaziz , Sarafraz Mehdireza , Taghavi Mohammadreza 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the mother’s attachment style and parenting style and mother-infant bonding in the first pregnancy considering the mediating role of mentalization and shame.

Methods
This was a descriptive-correlational study. The sample population included the women who had gone through their first pregnancy and were referred to the health centers in Neyshabur, Iran in 2022. In total, 330 women were selected by convenience sampling. To collect data, we used a demographic questionnaire, the Attachment Style Questionnaire, the Parenting Style Questionnaire, the Mother-Infant Bonding Scale, the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, and the Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive indices, correlation coefficients, and pass analysis.

Results
Overall, the findings showed that the studied model adequately fits the data. Further, the obtained results confirmed the mediating role of mentalization and shame in the relationship between the mother’s attachment style and parenting style and mother-infant bonding. A significant correlation was also observed between attachment styles, parenting styles, and mother-infant bonding (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Mother-infant bonding is correlated with the mother’s attachment style/parenting style, shame, and mentalization. Thus, we can help vulnerable mothers by improving the quality of psychological care before the first pregnancy or during pregnancy.
3D-printed wound dressing platform for protein administration based on alginate and zinc oxide tetrapods
Authors: Schadte Philipp , Rademacher Franziska , Andresen Gerrit , Hellfritzsch Marie , Qiu Haoyi , Maschkowitz Gregor , Gläser Regine , Heinemann Nina , Drücke Daniel , Fickenscher Helmut , Scherließ Regina , Harder Jürgen , Adelung Rainer , Siebert Leonard 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWound treatment requires a plethora of independent properties. Hydration, anti-bacterial properties, oxygenation and patient-specific drug delivery all contribute to the best possible wound healing. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a set of techniques to realize individually adapted wound dressings with open porous structure from biomedically optimized materials. To include all the desired properties into the so-called bioinks is still challenging. In this work, a bioink system based on anti-bacterial zinc oxide tetrapods (t-ZnO) and biocompatible sodium alginate is presented. Additive manufacturing of these hydrogels with high t-ZnO content (up to 15 wt.%) could be realized. Additionally, protein adsorption on the t-ZnO particles was evaluated to test their suitability as carriers for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Open porous and closed cell printed wound dressings were tested for their cell and skin compatibility and anti-bacterial properties. In these categories, the open porous constructs exhibited protruding t-ZnO arms and proved to be anti-bacterial. Dermatological tests on ex vivo skin showed no negative influence of the alginate wound dressing on the skin, making this bioink an ideal carrier and evaluation platform for APIs in wound treatment and healing.
ChatGPT and its ethical implications for STEM research and higher education: a media discourse analysis
Authors: Nam Benjamin H. , Bai Qiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
With the increasing demand brought on by the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution in the period of post-digital education and bio-digital technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has played a pivotal role in supporting human intelligence and contributing to intellectuals within science, technology, science, and mathematics (STEM) and in the broader field of higher education. Thus, this study examines how writers for mainstream STEM journals and higher education magazines perceive the impact of ChatGPT, a powerful AI chatbot, on STEM research and higher education. ChatGPT can generate realistic texts based on user prompts. However, this platform also poses ethical challenges for academic integrity, authorship, and publication.

Results
Using a comparative media discourse analysis approach, this study analyzes 72 articles from four media outlets: (a) Springer Nature; (b) The Chronicle of Higher Education; (c) Inside Higher Ed; and (d) Times Higher Education. The results show that the writers expressed various concerns and opinions about the potential conflicts and crises caused by ChatGPT in three areas: (a) academic research and publication; (b) teaching and learning; and (c) human resources management.

Conclusions
This study concludes with some policy implications and suggestions for future research on ChatGPT and AI ethics in academia by reilluminating the most overarching policy concerns related to ethical writing in STEM research and higher education and limitations to the blindness to authorship and academic integrity among diverse stakeholders.
Paleomagnetism and paleomagnetic dating to large volcanic bombs: an example from the historical eruption of Azuma–Jododaira volcano, NE Japan
Authors: Hasegawa Takeshi , Kikuchi Bunta , Shibata Shohei , Yamamoto Yuhji , Imura Takumi , Ban Masao , Tsunematsu Kae , Kusu Chie , Okada Makoto , Ohba Tsukasa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVulcanian activity is one of the most common eruption styles of arc andesitic volcanism on Earth. It ejects and deposits volcanic bombs around the source crater. Although paleomagnetic studies of volcanic bombs are limited, such studies can potentially provide more opportunities for high-resolution paleomagnetic dating of volcanic activity. In this study, paleomagnetic dating was applied to large (> 1 m) volcanic bombs around active craters in the Azuma volcano group, NE Japan. Oriented samples were collected from the interior parts of five large volcanic bombs situated on gentle slopes, a few hundred meters from the source crater. More than six core samples were collected from each bomb and all samples were subjected to a range of rock magnetic experiments, including anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and thermal/alternating field demagnetization (THD/AFD) analyses. The Characteristic Remanent Magnetization (ChRM) directions for specimens from all bombs were well-defined, have small α95 (< 2.5º), and are in close agreement with each other. Comparing our measured overall mean direction (Dm = 355.5º, Im = 49.8º, α95 = 1.6º) with modeled geomagnetic field estimates and a reference secular variation curve for this area (using MATLAB-based archaeomagnetic dating tool), we suggest that the volcanic bombs were produced in the historical Meiji period (1893–1895 CE) eruption. In addition, a combination of the data of ChRM, AMS, thermomagnetic analyses, hysteresis measurement, and XRF analysis indicates that the volcanic bombs were derived from a plug of lava in the conduit under the solidification point (ca. 800 °C), but above the Curie point of the titanomagnetite remanence carrier (around 300 °C). We show that volcanic bombs can be powerful for paleomagnetic dating if certain sampling conditions, such as quantity, situation, size and portion are satisfied.
Graphical Abstract