bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Proximal Massage versus Palm Fisting Exercise on Reducing the Risk of Thrombophlebitis among IV Cannulated Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Lobo Diana , Mathaias Jeevitha , George Gritty V , Mathew Hanna Brijith 
Published: October 2023

Background: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are frequently used for vascular access cannulation, which is thought to be the most frequent invasive treatment carried out on hospitalized patients. Thrombophlebitis is considered a side effect of chemotherapy due to the drug's chemical actions on the vein wall which lead to pain, inflammation, hematoma, thrombosis and embolism . Therefore, in order to find ways to reduce this complication, the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of proximal massage versus palm fisting exercise on reducing the risk of thrombophlebitis among IV cannulated patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospital in Mangalore
Methods: Seventy-five chemotherapy patients were selected according to inclusion criteria and assigned randomly to group I (n=25) and group II (n= 25) and group III (n= 25) using coin flip method . The researcher provided massage on the proximal area for group I and group II patients performed palm fisting exercise under the supervision of researcher by squeezing the soft ball where as group III received only routine care. The level of thrombophlebitis was assessed in Group I, Group II and Group III using VIP scale after 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of cannulation.
Results: The study findings revealed that on day 3 in the Group I, most (88%) of the samples were with Grade 0 level of thrombophlebitis. While in the, Group II 32% of the samples had Grade 0 level of thrombophlebitis where as in Group III only 16% of the samples had Grade 0 level of thrombophlebitis. Differences in thrombophlebitis scores were statistically significant (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Proximal massage and palm fisting exercises are cost-effective, safe, complementary, non - pharmacological intervention which can be performed by nursing personnel.
Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in US Women Veterans vs Civilians
Authors: Ebrahimi Ramin , Yano Elizabeth M. , Alvarez Carlos A. , Dennis Paul A. , Shroyer A. Laurie , Beckham Jean C. , Sumner Jennifer A. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in the US. Women veterans have higher rates of CVD compared with civilian US women; however, analyses of recent trends in mortality from cardiac disease for women veterans are lacking.ObjectiveTo investigate trends in cardiac disease mortality among women veterans over approximately the past 2 decades and compare rates with those for civilian women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective longitudinal cohort study, US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health record data, linked with the National Death Index, were analyzed for CVD trends and rates of cardiac disease mortality among women veterans (aged 18 years or older) with VHA health care encounters from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2017. These data were compared with a national cohort of civilian women (aged 15 years or older) in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database, which provides cause-of-death data using death certificates for all US residents. The data analysis was performed between March 10, 2021, and November 28, 2022.ExposureCardiac disease mortality among women veterans and civilian women.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCardiac disease mortality was based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnostic codes (I00-I09, I11, I13, and I20-I51 as defined by CDC WONDER). For women veterans and civilian women, crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates (per 100 000 life-years) and 95% CIs were calculated, with the 2000 US general population as the reference for age-adjusted rates.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2017, 817 912 women veterans engaged with VHA health care (mean [SD] age, 45.7 [17.1] years), and 19 022 cardiac disease deaths were identified (22.4% of total deaths). The crude and age-adjusted cardiac disease mortality rates, respectively, per 100 000 life-years were 200.2 (95% CI, 181.0-221.0) and 197.6 (95% CI, 175.2-222.0) in 2000 and 196.0 (95% CI, 186.1-206.4) and 208.1 (95% CI, 196.4-220.4) in 2017, reflecting stable crude rates and a 5.3% increase in age-adjusted rates. For civilian women, the crude and age-adjusted rates decreased over time from 320.7 (95% CI, 319.7-321.8) and 268.1 (95% CI, 267.3-269.0) in 2000 to 220.9 (95% CI, 220.1-221.7) and 164.7 (95% CI, 164.1-165.3) in 2017.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study comparing women veterans and civilian women, cardiac disease mortality rates for women veterans did not exhibit the improvements seen for civilian women during the nearly 2-decade study period. Further research and actionable clinical interventions are warranted to improve cardiovascular care for women veterans, who represent the fastest growing group of patients within the VHA health care system.
Mass Spectrometry for Peptide and Protein Analysis
Authors: Duncan Mark W. , Gibson David S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry is playing an increasingly important role in the characterization and quantification of peptides and proteins. In fact, more conventional approaches to characterization, including techniques such as Edman sequencing andamino acid(AA) analysis, have been largely displaced. Mass analysis – typically following eithermatrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization(MALDI) orelectrospray ionization(ESI) – offers rapid molecular mass determinations with high mass accuracy on subpicomole amounts of material and information can be obtained on the constituents of complex mixtures.The application oftandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS) allows fragmentation of peptide ions, and also of proteins. The MS/MS spectra of peptides and proteins can be interpreted de novo or matched against database entries to provide partial amino acid sequence information and peptide/protein identification. Both peptide‐centric (bottom‐up) and protein‐centric (top‐down) approaches to protein characterization have been adopted and are now routinely applied.Mass spectrometry has also been pivotal to the development, evolution, and wide application of proteomics: i.e. the large‐scale identification of the proteins present in a complex biological sample. Proteomics is now routinely applied to characterize and quantify the constituents of complex biological tissues and fluids.This article describes the available approaches to peptide and protein characterization based onmass spectrometry(MS), the constantly evolving analytical methods for proteomics, and available strategies for protein quantification.
Novel Approach of Diffusion‐Controlled Sequential Reduction to Synthesize Dual‐Atomic‐Site Alloy for Enhanced Bifunctional Electrocatalysis in Acidic and Alkaline Media
Authors: Wang Guowei , Zhang Manchen , Zhang Guikai , Wang Zelin , Chen Xu , Ke Xiaoxing , Wang Changhao , Chu Shengqi , Sui Manling 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe tailoring of active sites is closely related to the substrate. Dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) have been achieved on doped carbon, oxides, and 2D materials, but are rarely reported on metals, due to the challenges of sintering and alloying using metal as the host. Herein, an innovative approach to anchor isolated single atoms as dual‐atomic‐site alloy (DASA) through two‐step pyrolysis of porous structure is proposed. Firstly, the role of Zn and Co in generating pores during the pyrolysis of zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIFs) is revealed, and a hierarchical porous structure with self‐supported Co particles is achieved by the first‐step pyrolysis. Diffusion‐controlled reduction of precursors containing target metals is then allowed through hierarchical structures by second‐step pyrolysis, so to address the challenge of sintering and alloying at pyrolysis of high temperatures. The approach is demonstrated by synthesizing Ir1Ni1@Co/N‐C DASA, with outstanding bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) performance in both acidic and alkaline media, which is rarely reported. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations represent that adsorption‐free energies of intermediates OH and O are regulated to nearly 0 eV by Ir1 and Ni1 on Co. This work demonstrates a new path of constructing DASA using the designed porous structure, inspiring catalysts design in a related field.
Dual‐Functional Electrodes for High‐performance Lithium–Sulfur Cells
Authors: Geng Zeyu , Meng Ting , Ma Fei , Qin Wencheng , Wang Xiaohan , Zhang Haifeng , Guan Cao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAt present, the commercial application of Li─S cells is impeded by many challenging issues, especially the shuttle effect of dissolved lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and severe dendritic growth. Applying a sole kind of host material owing dual functions, including inhibiting LiPSs dissolution/shuttling andguiding Li plating/stripping, has recently become a prospective solution. Currently, a systematic review of advanced dual‐functional electrodes aiming at the cathode and anode side simultaneously is scarce. Herein, this review points at such dual‐functional electrodes and summarizes the recent progress from the select host materials to designs. First, the rough challenges and ordinary solutions on the single side of the Li─S cell are illustrated. Then, the potentials of different materials to dual‐functional electrodes are discussed, such as carbon‐based materials, single‐atom catalysts (SACs), transition metal compounds (TMCs), heterostructure hybrids (HHs), and polymers. After that, the design methods for dual‐functional electrodes with high performance are explored and summarized by slurry‐coating and self‐supporting (electrospinning (ES), 3D printing (3DP), solvent method (SM), chemistry vapor deposition (CVD) and vacuum filtration (VF)). Besides, the possibility of applying the dual‐functional electrodes to other metal‐sulfur cells is discussed. Finally, design principles and prospects in dual‐functional electrodes for future research and commercial application are proposed as guidelines.
Transition Metal Carbides: Emerging CO2 Hydrogenation Catalysts, from Recent Advance to Future Exploration
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Haiyan , Huang Helong , Yun Tianqi , Song Chunshan , Shi Chuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTransition metal carbides (TMCs) have emerged as highly intriguing materials for CO2 hydrogenation, primarily due to their excellent ability on CO2 adsorption and activation, strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI), as well as the engineered metal/TMCs or TMCs/substrate interfaces for fine‐tuning of activity and selectivity. In this review, the strategies of modulating the structure and properties of TMCs to attain desirable products in CO2 hydrogenation are discussed from the following perspectives: 1) Manipulation of metal/C ratios or atomic arrangements; 2) Incorporation of heteroatom on TMCs to construct TMCs composites; 3) Enhancement of TMC nanoparticles dispersion; 4) In situ generation of TMCs induced by reactions. Such strategies in TMC structural engineering are key factors affecting the catalytic behaviors of TMCs and provide fundamental understanding and guidance for the future application of TMCs in CO2 hydrogenation.
Microfluidically Aligned Collagen to Maintain the Phenotype of Tenocytes In Vitro
Authors: Giacomini Francesca , Baião Barata David , Suk Rho Hoon , Tahmasebi Birgani Zeinab , van Blitterswijk Clemens , Giselbrecht Stefan , Truckenmüller Roman , Habibović Pamela 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTendon is a highly organized tissue that transmits forces between muscle and bone. The architecture of the extracellular matrix of tendon, predominantly from collagen type I, is important for maintaining tenocyte phenotype and function. Therefore, in repair and regeneration of damaged and diseased tendon tissue, it is crucial to restore the aligned arrangement of the collagen type I fibers of the original matrix. To this end, a novel, user‐friendly microfluidic piggyback platform is developed allowing the controlled patterned formation and alignment of collagen fibers simply on the bottom of culture dishes. Rat tenocytes cultured on the micropatterns of aligned fibrous collagen exhibit a more elongated morphology. The cells also show an increased expression of tenogenic markers at the gene and protein level compared to tenocytes cultured on tissue culture plastic or non‐fibrillar collagen coatings. Moreover, using imprinted polystyrene replicas of aligned collagen fibers, this work shows that the fibrillar structure of collagen per se affects the tenocyte morphology, whereas the biochemical nature of collagen plays a prominent role in the expression of tenogenic markers. Beyond the controlled provision of aligned collagen, the microfluidic platform can aid in developing more physiologically relevant in vitro models of tendon and its regeneration.
Lattice Matching Engineering Driven Growth of Large‐Area 2D CeO2 for High‐Performance Photodetection
Authors: Chen Keyu , Yu Chen Guan , Hu Xinyi , Wu Hao , Gu Mingwei , Luan Yange , Zhang Baoyue , Hu Yihong , Cheng Yinfen , Tang Tao , Huang Haibo , Chen Liguo , Ou Jian Zhen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFew rare‐earth (RE) atoms incorporated in lattice greatly tunned the optical, electrical, magnetic, and catalytic performance of doped crystal through the peculiar atomic electron structure of RE. The dimensionality scale‐down of RE oxides can further promote their unique traits and broaden their applications. The UV photodetection performance of (111) oriented CeO2 thin film is limited by the existence of grain boundaries, defects, and strains. Consequently, single‐crystal 2D CeO2 is promising for photodetection as it lacks of grain boundaries and defects. However, the synthesis of large‐sized high‐quality 2D CeO2 with lateral dimensions over 100 µm is challenging. In this work, a 3.9 nm thick CeO2 single crystal with 120 µm lateral size is synthesized over a sapphire substrate through a salt‐assisted chemical vapor deposition method, in which an intermediate insulating CeAlO3 layer is formed between the substrate and 2D CeO2 to enhance the crystal lattice matching and therefore facilitates the large area growth. The photodetector based on 2D CeO2 exhibits a photo response from 395 to 532 nm, possibly ascribed to a micro‐strain narrowed bandgap induced at the heterointerface. The photoresponsivity reaches 43.6 A W−1 while the detectivity reaches 7.58 × 1011 Jones under the 395 nm laser irradiation. Besides, the sub‐ms switching kinetics is achieved without gating bias, which is significantly improved over other reported RE oxides‐based photodetectors. This work demonstrates the possibility of the synthesis of large‐size high‐quality 2D RE oxides and their strong potential in high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Imbedded Perovskite Nanocrystals in Metal Halide Microcrystal: Synthesis and Heterostructure
Authors: Hui Minqi , Zhao Xueyang , Li Zhenhua , Wang Xicheng , Wang Yuhua 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLead halide perovskite nanocrystals and other metal halides have received considerable attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties. A combined perovskite nanocrystal‐metal halide heterostructure can achieve desirable properties for enriched applications. However, the construction of such a heterostructure is challenging. In this study, a CsPbBr3/Cs2ZnBr4 heterostructured microcrystal with perovskite nanocrystals embedded in a metal halide matrix is successfully synthesized using a facile ultrasound‐assisted post‐processing method. The heterostructure of the perovskite‐metal halide composite materials is fully deciphered through ab initio calculations and multiscale characterizations. The heterostructure‐induced variation in optical properties is elucidated based on micro‐nano spectral and luminescence kinetic behaviors. This study provides new insights into the design of perovskite nanocrystal‐based heterostructured materials, improving the understanding of metal halides and extending their applications.
Effects of forest fragmentation on the dietary ecology and activity of a nocturnal lemur community in North West Madagascar
Authors: Hending Daniel , Randrianarison Heriniaina , Andriamavosoloarisoa Niaina N. M. , Ranohatra‐Hending Christina , Cotton Sam , Holderied Marc , McCabe Grainne 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDeforestation and habitat fragmentation is the primary threat to primate populations. The primates that live within degraded and anthropogenically disturbed habitats typical of fragmented landscapes have to cope with lower availability of resources in comparison to primates in continuous, undisturbed forests. While some species are sensitive to forest fragmentation, some evidence exists to suggest that primates can alter their behavior and adapt to such changes, which enables their survival in suboptimal habitat. In this study, we assessed how forest fragmentation and its associated edge‐effects impact the feeding ecology and activity levels of a nocturnal primate community in the Sahamalaza‐Iles Radama National Park, North West Madagascar. From March 06, 2019 to May 17, 2022, we collected data on tree and invertebrate phenology at our study site, and feeding ecology and activity for 159 lemur individuals from four species. Fruit and flower availability varied significantly between continuous and fragmented forest, and between forest core and edge areas, with continuous forest exhibiting higher continuous fruit and flower availability. Lemur feeding ecology varied significantly too, as the feeding niches of all four species were significantly different between continuous and fragmented forest and between core and edge areas. However, lemur activity levels were mostly consistent among all forest areas. The results of this study suggest that nocturnal lemurs are able to adapt their dietary ecology in response to the available food sources within their habitat. Due to this flexible ecology and dietary plasticity, the lemurs do not need to significantly alter their behavior in different environments to fulfill their dietary needs. While nocturnal lemurs demonstrate adaptability and flexibility to degraded habitat, it is unclear how far this plasticity will stretch considering that Madagascar's forests are still being cleared at an alarming rate. Urgent conservation action is therefore needed to ensure the future of lemur habitat.
A Genuine Multipartite Entanglement Measure Generated by the Parametrized Entanglement Measure
Authors: Shi Xian , Chen Lin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractA genuine multipartite entanglement measure based on the geometric method is investigated in this paper. This measure has desirable properties for quantifying the genuine multipartite entanglement. A lower bound of the genuine multipartite entanglement measure derived with the fidelity‐based method is then presented. The advantages of the measure proposed here with other measures are also presented. At last, examples are presented to show that the genuine entanglement measure has distinct entanglement ordering from other measures.
Biodegradable Dual‐Network Cellulosic Composite Bioplastic Metafilm for Plastic Substitute
Authors: Wang Dong , Shi Shuo , Mao Yanyun , Lei Leqi , Fu Shaohai , Hu Jinlian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the escalating environmental and health concerns over petroleum‐based plastics, sustainable and biodegradable cellulosic materials are a promising alternative to plastics, yet remain unsatisfied properties such as fragility, inflammability and water sensitivity for practical usage. Herein, we present a novel dual‐network design strategy to address these limitations and fabricate a high‐performance cellulosic composite bioplastic metafilm with the exceptional mechanical toughness (23.5 MJ m−3), flame retardance, and solvent resistance by in situ growth of cyclotriphosphazene‐bridged organosilica network within bacterial cellulose matrix. The phosphorus, nitrogen‐containing organosilica network, verified by the experimental and theoretical results, plays a triple action on significantly enhancing tensile strength, toughness, flame retardance and water resistance of composite bioplastic metafilm. Furthermore, cellulosic bioplastic composite metafilm demonstrates a higher maximum usage temperature (245 °C), lower thermal expansion coefficient (15.19 ppm °C−1), and better solvent resistance than traditional plastics, good biocompatibility and natural biodegradation. Moreover, the composite bioplastic metafilm have a good transparency of average 74 % and a high haze over 80 %, which can serve as an outstanding substrate substitute for commercial polyethylene terephthalate film to address the demand of flexible ITO films. This work paves a creative way to design and manufacture the competitive bioplastic composite to replace daily‐used plastics.
A reversible water‐based electrostatic adhesive
Authors: Sierra‐Romero Adriana , Novakovic Katarina , Geoghegan Mark 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCommercial adhesives typically fall into two categories: structural or pressure sensitive. Structural glues rely on covalent bonds formed during curing and provide high tensile strength whilst pressure‐sensitive adhesives use physical bonding to provide weaker adhesion, but with considerable convenience for the user. Here, a new class of adhesive is presented that is also reversible, with a bond strength intermediate between those of pressure‐sensitive and structural adhesives. Complementary water‐based formulations incorporating oppositely charged polyelectrolytes form electrostatic bonds that may be reversed through immersion in a low or high pH aqueous environment. This electrostatic adhesive has the advantageous property that it exhibits good adhesion to low‐energy surfaces such as polypropylene. Furthermore, it is produced by the emulsion copolymerization of commodity materials, styrene and butyl acrylate, which makes it inexpensive and opens the possibility of industrial production. Bio‐based materials have been also integrated into the formulations to further increase sustainability. Moreover, unlike other water‐based glues, adhesion does not significantly degrade in humid environments. Because such electrostatic adhesives do not require mechanical detachment, they are appropriate for the large‐scale recycling of, e.g., bottle labels or food packaging. The adhesive is also suitable for dismantling components in areas as varied as automotive parts and electronics.