bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture among Healthcare Professionals in Public Hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Lawal B.K. , Mohammed S. , Ibrahim U.I. , Maiha B.B. , Alhaji A.A. , Ladan M.A. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Establishing a culture of patient safety in the healthcare system is essential to making improvements in the quality of care and patient outcomes. Aim: To assess the perceptions of patient safety culture among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in selected public hospitals in Kaduna state, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) was conducted. Data was collected from healthcare professionals (medical doctors, nurses, and pharmacists) from four (4) public hospitals that met the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23 and summarized as percentages, means, and standard deviations. The chi-square test was used to examine statistical associations between HCP characteristics and outcome variables.
Results: Three hundred and fifty-eight (358) questionnaires were completed and returned (response rate of 84.8%). The overall average of the percent positive response of patient safety culture across the health facilities was 55.6%. 'Teamwork within units' was the dimension with the greatest strength (81.3%). The dimensions with the most potential for improvement with average positive responses below 50% were 'Staffing' (34.4%), 'Frequency of events reported' (36.8%), and 'Non-punitive response to errors' (40.5%). A higher percentage of pharmacists (n=25, 48.1%) compared to other HCPs had reported at least an error in the preceding 12 months, and this was statistically significant (p < .001).
Conclusion: Overall perception of patient safety culture was slightly above average (55.6%) with four out of twelve dimensions measured having an average score below 50%. Further assessment of patient safety culture, particularly in the areas with poor responses is required to improve the quality of care and promote healthcare improvement.
Lived Experiences of Women Who are Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojewale Margaret O. , Chinomso Nwozichi , Olatade Maitanmi Julius , Titilope Maitanmi Bukola , Gaknung  , Kopdimma Bonji 
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer (BrCa) survivors have increased globally with the continued improvement in cancer management. Despite this, there are significant issues experienced by these women during BrCa treatment. It is therefore important to explore the unique experiences of women who are long-term BrCa survivors.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of 22 women who are long-term BrCa survivors in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Methodology: A phenomenological approach was used to carry out one-on-one unstructured interviews with the participants, who were selected purposively using a snowball sampling technique. The interviews were analysed using Nvivo 14 to identify themes and subthemes.
Result: The participants were 5 years or more, post-treatment for BrCa, with an average age of 43 years at the time of diagnosis. Four themes emerged: (i) In the very beginning, (ii) Going through difficult times, (iii) Becoming a survivor, and (iv) Living as a survivor. Sixteen subthemes were also identified. The participants had a self-identification pattern as survivors, and an interpretation of their experiences which were influenced by a cascade of factors including spirituality, family support, financial burden, counselling and emotional support which differs from one participant to the other.
Conclusion: The study highlights the unique experiences of long-term BrCa survivors and the challenges they face on their journey to survivorship. Early diagnosis, inner strength, family support, faith, and quality treatment were identified as important factors in fighting cancer and reaching survivorship. The findings have implications for nurses and other healthcare providers, who should acknowledge the distinct experiences of these women to provide appropriate support and care.
Nurses' Compliance to Patients' Bill of Rights in a Secondary Healthcare Facility: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gimba Joseph Jonathan , Alheri Kwasau Naomi , Dele-Alonge Olajumoke Ileola , Oyebola Adamu Adedipe Foyekemi , Awonuga Omowunmi Modupe 
Published: October 2023

The Patient Bill of Rights (PBoR) which is a "list of guarantees for those receiving health care" has lent a voice through which consumers of healthcare drive accountability and excellence in the health sector. Nurses, as advocates for the patients, have higher responsibilities to respond to the empowerment of patients in PBoR by providing care that places patients first hence the present study. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on Nurses' compliance to PBoR in Sir Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa Memorial Hospital (SPIYMH), Kafanchan, The entire study population of 102 based on census responded to a two-sector, 20-item adapted questionnaire. Data entry was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS V. 23) while hypotheses testing was done using chi-square at a statistical significance level of 0.05. The age of the respondents ranged from 20 - 50 years with a mean ± SD of 28 ± 0.4 years. Respondents had mostly 6-10 years of working experience. Concerning compliance with PBoR, 65.2% of the respondents demonstrated adequate compliance with PBoR. The chi-square test revealed that compliance to PBoR was associated with the ward/unit of practice of respondents (χ2 =11.72; df = 5, p = 0.034) and the respondents' work experience in years (χ2 =13.09; df = 2, p = 0.001) respectively. The study concluded that Nurses in SPIYMH, Kafanchan, Kaduna state, adequately complied with PBoR in their discharge of nursing services which is dependent on the ward/unit of the practice of the Nurses as well their work experience in years.
Attitude and Satisfaction of in-Patients Toward Hospital Meals at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano
Authors: Raimi Tijjan , Haddad Mohammed Mahfuz , Elelu F Adama , Okuzu Rita , Abubakar Salisu , Isah Gambo , Dalhatu Adamu , Abdulmaleek Musa , Kabiru Yusuf Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

Nutrients are essential to support the growth and healing of sick individuals. Most hospital provides meals for admitted patients. Sometimes these meals are not taken by these patients due to one reason or the other. Patients' satisfaction with hospital meals could play a role in the quality of care rendered.
Aim: This study aimed to assess patients' attitudes and satisfaction with meals served to inpatients at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to collect data from one hundred and thirty-one respondents utilizing a self-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and results were presented in frequency and percentages.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 41.5±5years, the majority are female 53.4%, married 66.4%, Hausa/Fulani 78.6% and have no formal education 33.4%. The preferred meal was home 68.7% and 62.6% were never asked about their choice of meal. The majority of the respondents 72.5% were satisfied with the hospital meal. There was no significant relationship between the level of income and satisfaction with hospital meals (X2 = 5.934; p = 0.115).
Conclusion: Most patients are satisfied with the hospital meal. There was no relationship between income and satisfaction with hospital meals. It is recommended that patients be involved with the choice of meal served as this will enhance the taking of hospital meals and also help in quick healing and quality of care.
Assessment of Cost and Time of Errors in Construction Documents on Selected Building Projects in Nigeria
Authors: Dosumu O.S. , Dosumu O.G. , Uwanyirigira J. 
Published: October 2023

The construction industry has generally been tagged with poor project performance. Cost and time overruns are the leading causes of poor performance. Design and construction errors are equally leading causes of cost and time overruns. The objectives of this study are to investigate the prevalent types of errors in construction documents, the cost implication of the errors, the time implication of the errors, and strategies adopted to mitigate the errors. The study involves an interview of construction professionals on 51 selected building projects across the southwestern States of Nigeria through the non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique. The findings of the study indicated that the Nigerian construction industry is largely dominated by the use of traditional procurement method and many construction projects lack complete construction documents. Also, errors in construction documents added about 9% to the contract sum and 31% to cost overrun. It also added about 21% to the agreed duration and 40% to the total time overrun. The study concluded that errors in construction documents affect project duration more than the project cost and can triple the agreed duration of building projects in some cases. The study recommended that based on the projects investigated, an additional 10% should be added to the agreed cost and 20% to the scheduled duration of building projects.
Assessment of Bacterial Contaminants in Some Sliced Fruits Sold in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Musa F.M. , Umar F.J. , Ibrahim T. , Sanusi S.B. , Wartu J.R. 
Published: October 2023

Food borne illnesses have been attributed to the increase in consumption of contaminated sliced fruit. This study was aimed at evaluating the bacteriological quality of sliced fruits sold in Kaduna, Nigeria. Sixty samples were purchased from ten different markets and analysed using standard microbiological methods. Mesophilic bacteria were enumerated as markers of food- borne microbial contamination. Using proximate analysis based on the manufacturer’s instruction, result in this study shows that Orange had the highest protein content of (16.51 %), fat content (2.78%) and carbohydrate content (10.30%) while Pineapple had highest moisture contents (83.03%). From the mesophilic count, Pawpaw was found to be the most heavily contaminated followed by watermelon, pineapple and then orange. Percentage occurrence of bacterial isolates of the fruits analysed indicates that, Pawpaw had the highest Escherichia coli contaminants (20.45%), indicating faecal contamination likely be from contaminated water used in washing and processing. Also, Pseudomonas species (11.36%), Staphylococcus species (18.8%), and Shigella species (22.73%) all had highest isolation from Pawpaw samples. Pineapple had the highest Lactobacillus species (13.88%). This could be because it thrives well in an acid medium. Watermelon had the highest Salmonella species (25.64%). In conclusion, all the fruits analysed contained protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate and moisture and as such can be taken as supplements. As a result of heavy contamination observed in the samples analysed, sliced fruits sold by vendors in Kaduna metropolis are said to be unsafe for human consumption, hence the need for proper microbiological safety analysis of fruits for human consumption.
Assessment of Glass Ceiling Barriers to the Career Advancement of Professional Women in Construction Industry
Authors: Bello F.M. , Adogbo K.J. , Maina J.J. 
Published: October 2023

Women in organisations experience a ‘glass ceiling’ that prevents them from reaching top management levels or executive status in the construction industry thus raising the question of gender equality in the workplace. This study investigates the glass ceiling barrier in the Nigerian construction industry organisations and how this is perceived by the professional women. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey of professional women (Architecture, Building, Quantity Surveying and Engineering) who have practiced in the construction industry was adopted. Mean, percentages, independent T-test and ANOVA statistics were utilised for data analysis. The study found that women face high prejudice where they are perceived to be less than men and also there is an unconscious bias due to cultural, tribal and ethnic differences in decision making by top Management. The women who have attained the Fellows cadre in their professional organisations are also treated with respect and are more likely to break through the glass ceiling barrier at an average level. The study concludes that professional women face glass ceiling barriers in their workplaces within the construction industry at an average level. Thus, it is recommended that professionals within construction should have lesser prejudices against women and see them as professionals with same abilities in carrying out task just like their male counterparts.
Assessment of Post-Harvest Needs of Small and Medium Scale Gari Processors in Rivers State
Authors: Elemasho M.K. , Abdulbaki M.K. , Aneke C.C. , Chugali A.J.C. , Nwahia O. , Daramola D.S. , Nwaehujor I.U. 
Published: October 2023

Feeding over 7 million Rivers State dwellers requires a radical transformation in postharvest management of agricultural products. Garri, which is a product from cassava is one of the processed food widely consume in the state. However, primitive methods which result to a reasonable loss of the product are widely used in Rivers State. Therefore, in order to minimize or eliminate these losses within the system, the study was conducted to assess the needs of small and medium scale garri processors in Rivers State, Nigeria. Purposive and snow-ball sampling procedures were used to select 120 small and medium scale garri processors in the study area. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents and analysed using both frequencies, percentages, mean and PPMC statistical tools. The result revealed that r - distribution which represents the Pearson correlation coefficient significant level of the variables is statistically significant at 1% (0.01) between time constraint and perception of garri processors that, improved garri processing equipment is better than primitive tools with r = 0.258**most of the respondents (Above 90%) confirmed that all the listed improved garri processing and storage equipment are highly needed in the study area. The local tools used in the study area for gari processing includes knives (100%) stick presser (81.7%) and Aluminium frying pan (88.3%). All (100%) of the respondents showed favourable attitude towards the needs for improved processing equipment. The constraints to garri processors include lack of fund, health challenges, and lack of improved garri processing equipment, time consumption, small processing capacity and spoilage of cassava with each mean above grand mean (2.6). Therefore, improved post-harvest equipment are highly needed for processing garri in the study area to improve production efficiency and high-income generation for the processors. Government intervention is needed to erect mini garri processing centre in each community.
Geospatial Approach to Route Optimisation for Security Architecture Improvement
Authors: Ibrahim A. , Michael B. , Suleyman Z.A.T. , Akintuyi O.B. 
Published: October 2023

Understanding the complexity of road networks is tiring, especially in finding the optimum routes for emergency response. Dynamic route optimisation is a decision-making process powered by mathematical models to formulate a strong basis for predicting the best path between any two points in a road network. Exploring the numerous interconnected routes in and out of a road network provides a strong foothold for securing lives and properties. This study presents the findings of route optimisation at the Federal University of Technology Minna, Gidan Kwano Campus. High Target Differential Global Positioning System receiver (DGPS), Handheld GPS (Garmin GPSmap 60Cx), Quick Bird Satellite Imagery, and Google Earth Images were used for data acquisition purposes. An ArcGIS network analyst for optimum route identification based on Dijktra’s algorithm was utilised for analysis. Five different optimisation tests were done and the optimised routes were compared with alternative routes from the network. The total travel distances for alternative and optimum routes are 11852.414 m and 16614.156 m respectively while the total travel times for alternative and optimum routes are 2135.35 s and 2993.25 s respectively. The study revealed all optimum routes are faster cumulatively by (11.7%) and are best for security and emergency responses. Ten unauthorised access roads to the campus were identified. The number of routes paving access to the campus shows that efforts towards ensuring security must be increased.
A Systematic Literature Review on Cost Forecasting Techniques for Improving Estimates Accuracy in Construction Projects
Authors: Emmanuel J.A. 
Published: October 2023

In construction, one measure of accuracy is the deviation obtained between estimate at completion and the most responsive tender figure. While different forms of forecasting techniques have been used, the era of artificial intelligence has also availed the industry the tools to improve construction cost estimation. However only a few studies address accuracy within the defined context of accuracy. The goal of this systematic literature review is to map out knowledge territory, highlight means of improving accuracy within the cost forecasting domain. From a total of 133 articles retrieved from EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, Scopus databases and ASCE library, 93 articles published between 1976 and 2022 were considered for the study. The review reports the contributions of extant literature which have so far focused on construction forecasting tools and techniques deployed to improve accuracy. A key highlight of the findings is that the reference to accuracy is given to models’ ability to manipulate data (independent variables) and not in any sense comparing a final figure to one forecasted. This gap highlighted is the goal of an ongoing study aimed at examining current efforts at improving accuracy and thus developing an effective cost forecasting model using improved techniques. Through the analysis extant literature on cost forecasting, this review concludes that a robust big data analytics approach is needed to manage the shortcoming of existing techniques while taking into cognizance the series of events that are correlated and influence cost across the project life cycle. The review ends with a recommendation to consider a shift away from over-reliance on model development to training and operationalising models to adequately capture factors that influence cost overrun.
Apple flower-visiting insects’ diversity and abundance in selected central Kenya orchards
Authors: Anyieni Ruth Moraa , Karanja Josephine Muthoni , Gikungu Mary Wanjiku , Vereecken Nicolas J. 
Published: October 2023

Flower-visiting insects are essential in maintaining a healthy and productive agricultural landscape through ecosystem services such as pollination. Fruits are important sources of vitamins and micronutrients, and several fruit crops depend on animal pollination, which enhances their nutritional content. Besides honey bees, apple orchards can sustain a large number of arthropod species that also aid in pollination. In this present study, we assessed the diversity and abundance of insect flower visitors in six apple orchards in Nyeri and Laikipia East. Six plots, each with more than 20 apple trees, were purposefully selected. Data were collected through timed visual searches and sweep netting. Sampling was done from 0900 hours to 1700 hours, six days a week, for five months consecutively in 2019. Diversity indices were computed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, while abundance patterns were displayed using species abundance curves. Differences in species diversity and abundance between sites were compared using a one-way analysis of variance. A total of 1,221 insects belonging to 23 families, 82 species, and 4 orders (Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Diptera) were recorded. The order Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, and ants) was the most abundant, with 1,176 individuals, and had the most species-rich taxa, with 56 species in 9 families. The order Coleoptera (beetles) was second, with 26 individuals and 12 species in 6 families. Lepidoptera were the least abundant with 10 individuals and the least species-rich taxa with 7 species in 5 families, followed closely by Diptera with 7 individuals and 7 species in 3 families. There were significant differences in flower visitors’ composition among the six sites. The study provides important information on the status of key apple flower visitors, which can guide orchard management practises to increase apple yield through pollinator conservation. Conserving apple pollinators will enhance fruit production, promote the livelihoods of farmers, and contribute to the national economy.
Evaluation of crushed slates as a suitable capping material for rapid gravity sand filters
Authors: Njung’e Maina Oscar , Kakoi Beatrice Katheu , Mburu Njenga 
Published: October 2023

In the potable water treatment process, Rapid Gravity Sand Filters (RGSF) are commonly adopted as the last solid-liquid separation stage. Cleaning of the RGSF is done through backwashing. RGSF is widely adopted all over the World due to its ease of operation and high filtration rates. However, these filters suffer from stratification of the sand media, which causes floc removal to occur only at the topmost layer of the filter bed, leaving the remaining depth unutilized. Capping is a technique whereby a thin layer of sand filter media is replaced with a suitable coarse material to overcome the problem of stratification and transform a singlemedia RGSF into a dual-media filter. The objective of this study is to determine the suitability of crushed slates as a capping material. The study evaluated the performance of a crushed expanded slate-capped filter against a conventional single-media RGSF, the effects of its physical and chemical characteristics, and varying the depth of the capping material. Laboratory tests were conducted to assess the physical and chemical characteristics of slates from Maji ya Chumvi (Coast, Kenya). This included specific gravity, acid solubility, water extractable substances, silica content, and friability. A performance comparison was carried out by means of a fabricated model filtration unit set up within an existing community water treatment plant. The model filtration unit was fed with pretreated raw water of varying influent turbidities. Crushed expanded slates met the minimum physical and chemical requirements for use as a capping material for RGSF. The crushed expanded slate-capped RGSF model demonstrated high robustness under high shock turbidity loads (above 150 NTU), which is illustrated by an increased length of filter run of 27% (50–150 NTU) and 45% (150–300 NTU). Increasing the depth of capping material from 25mm to 50mm did not yield any significant improvement or deterioration in the filter run length. At influent turbidities below 150 NTU, the effluent water quality for all three scenarios (uncapped, 25 mm, and 50mm crushed expanded slates capped) is below 5 NTU and therefore meets the Kenyan drinking water standards. Above 150 NTU influent turbidity, the effluent water quality for the uncapped RGSF deteriorates, whereas for the 25mm and 50mm capped RGSF, it remains consistently below 5 NTU. This demonstrates the usefulness of the crushed expanded slates in improving the turbidity removal of RGSF for high (above 150 NTU) turbidity loads. This study recommends a full-scale trial of crushed expanded slates to facilitate a more precise estimation of the overall benefit of full-scale community water filtration systems.