bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated dendritic development of rat cortical pyramidal cells and interneurons after biolistic transfection with BDNF and NT4/5
Authors: Wirth Marcus J. , Brün Annika , Grabert Jochen , Patz Silke , Wahle Petra 
Published: October 2003

Neurotrophins are candidate molecules for regulating dendritogenesis. We report here on dendritic growth of rat visual cortex pyramidal and interneurons overexpressing `brain-derived neurotrophic factor' BDNF and`neurotrophin 4/5' NT4/5. Neurons in organotypic cultures were transfected with plasmids encoding either `enhanced green fluorescent protein' EGFP,BDNF/EGFP or NT4/5/EGFP either at the day of birth with analysis at 5 days in vitro, or at 5 days in vitro with analysis at 10 days in vitro.In pyramidal neurons, both TrkB ligands increased dendritic length and number of segments without affecting maximum branch order and number of primary dendrites. In the early time window, only infragranular neurons were responsive. Neurons in layers II/III became responsive to NT4/5, but not BDNF,during the later time window. BDNF and NT4/5 transfectants at 10 days in vitro had still significantly shorter dendrites than adult pyramidal neurons,suggesting a massive growth spurt after 10 days in vitro. However, segment numbers were already in the range of adult neurons. Although this suggested a role for BDNF, long-term activity-deprived, and thus BDNF-deprived, pyramidal cells developed a dendritic complexity not different from neurons in active cultures except for higher spine densities on neurons of layers II/III and VI. Neutralization of endogenous NT4/5 causes shorter and less branched dendrites at 10 days in vitro suggesting an essential role for NT4/5. Neutralization of BDNF had no effect. Transfected multipolar interneurons became identifiable during the second time window. Both TrkB ligands significantly increased number of segments and branch order towards the adult state with little effects on dendritic length. The results suggested that early in development BDNF and NT4/5 probably accelerate dendritogenesis in an autocrine fashion. In particular, branch formation was advanced towards the adult pattern in pyramidal cells and interneurons.
Public Attitudes Toward Ethics and Practices in End-of-Life Decision-Making for Neonates
Authors: Schneider Katja , Roll Stephanie , Tissen-Diabaté Tatjana , Bührer Christoph , Garten Lars 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceAttitudes toward end-of-life decision-making in neonatology have been studied in physicians and other health care professionals and are mostly shaped by their clinical education and work experiences. In contrast, attitudes among the general public have not yet been investigated.ObjectiveTo assess (1) attitudes in the general public toward euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment in neonates with severe life-limiting conditions, (2) knowledge of current German recommendations, and (3) values in the German society regarding ethical issues and proxy decisions at the beginning of life.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was performed in Germany and used an exploratory design to analyze responses to an interview conducted by an independent, established commissioned polling institute in March and April 2022. Participants were 16 years or older, with German language fluency and comprehension and living in Germany.Main Outcomes and MeasuresKnowledge about recommendations for euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment as well as personal attitudes toward (1) euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment and (2) surrogate end-of-life decision-making for newborn infants were assessed.ResultsThe study included 2116 participants (1077 females [50.9%]; mean [SD] age 52.1 [18.7] years). Of the participants, 16.8% (311 of 1851) reported knowing the German recommendations for euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment for neonates. Euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment were supported by 64.7% (1369 of 2116) and 77.9% (1649 of 2116) of respondents, respectively. Shared decision-making between parents and physicians for neonates in end-of-life situations was supported by 65.6% of participants (1388). In situations where shared decision-making was not possible, 73.4% of respondents (1019 of 1388) put the ultimate decision to the parents. The magnitude of the associations was low between sociodemographic factors and views on ethical issues and customary practices involved in end-of-life decisions for neonates.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this cross-sectional study suggested that most respondents were not aware of the national German recommendations for euthanasia and withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment for sick and extremely preterm newborns. When counseling parents of periviable newborns, clinicians may need to exert more effort in explaining the legal and ethical framework; a highly individualized approach is warranted.
Engineering a Dynamic Solvent‐Phobic Liquid Electrolyte Interphase for Long‐Life Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Kang Qi , Li Yong , Zhuang Zechao , Yang Huijun , Luo Liuxuan , Xu Jie , Wang Jian , Guan Qinghua , Zhu Han , Zuo Yinze , Wang Dong , Pei Fei , Ma Lianbo , Zhao Jin , Li Pengli , Lin Ying , Liu Yijie , Shi Kunming , Li Hongfei , Zhu Yingke , Chen Jie , Liu Fei , Wu Guangning , Yang Jun , Jiang Pingkai , Huang Xingyi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe heterogeneity, species diversity, and poor mechanical stability of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) in conventional carbonate electrolytes result in the irreversible exhaustion of lithium (Li) and electrolytes during cycling, hindering the practical applications of Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, this work proposes a solvent‐phobic dynamic liquid electrolyte interphase (DLEI) on a Li metal (Li–PFbTHF (perfluoro‐butyltetrahydrofuran)) surface that selectively transports salt and induces salt‐derived SEI formation. The solvent‐phobic DLEI with C–F‐rich groups dramatically reduces the side reactions between Li, carbonate solvents, and humid air, forming a LiF/Li3PO4‐rich SEI. In situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Ab‐initio molecular dynamics demonstrate that DLEI effectively stabilizes the interface between Li metal and the carbonate electrolyte. Specifically, the LiFePO4||Li–PFbTHF cells deliver 80.4% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1.0 C, excellent rate capacity (108.2 mAh g−1 at 5.0 C), and 90.2% capacity retention after 550 cycles at 1.0 C in full‐cells (negative/positive (N/P) ratio of 8) with high LiFePO4 loadings (15.6 mg cm−2) in carbonate electrolyte. In addition, the 0.55 Ah pouch cell of 252.0 Wh kg−1 delivers stable cycling. Hence, this study provides an effective strategy for controlling salt‐derived SEI to improve the cycling performances of carbonate‐based LMBs.
Care sequences leading to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: An analysis of electronic health records
Authors: Xu Hanzhang , Bayless Teah M. , Østbye Truls , Dupre Matthew E. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe examined the sequences of clinical care leading to diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) using electronic health records from a large academic medical center.METHODSWe included patients aged 65+ with their first ADRD diagnoses from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. Using state sequence analysis, care sequences were defined by the ordering of healthcare utilizations occurred in the 2 years before ADRD diagnosis.RESULTSOf 3621 patients (median age 80), nearly half followed a care sequence of having one primary care visit close to their ADRD diagnosis. Additional care sequences included periodic (n = 322, 8.9%) and multiple (n = 416, 11.5%) outpatient visits to primary care and having one (n = 395, 10.9%), multiple (n = 469, 13.0%), or highly frequent (n = 357, 10.7%) outpatient visits to other specialties. Patients’ sociodemographic traits contributed to the variability in care sequences.CONCLUSIONSSeveral distinct patterns of care leading to ADRD diagnoses were identified. Integrated care models are needed to promote early identification of ADRD.Highlights
Dementia patients followed distinct care pathways prior to their dementia diagnoses.
Key sociodemographic traits contributed to the variation in the sequences of care.
Racial differences in the sequencing of care were also found, but only in women.
Threading a Linear Molecule Through a Macrocycle Thanks to Boron: Optical Properties of the Threaded Species and Synthesis of a Rotaxane
Authors: Hicguet Matthieu , Verrieux Ludmilla , Mongin Olivier , Roisnel Thierry , Berrée Fabienne , Fihey Arnaud , Le Guennic Boris , Trolez Yann 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo BODIPYs and two boron β‐diketonates were threaded through a macrocycle bearing a 2,2’‐biphenol unit, showing thus the ability of boron to act as a gathering atom. The new threaded species were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as by X‐ray crystallography for one of them and their properties rationalized with quantum chemistry to unravel the vibronic contributions. The BODIPYs exhibited interesting fluorescence features with quantum yields up to 91 % and enhanced photostability compared to their non‐threaded homologues. A rotaxane was synthesized using this threading strategy after stoppering and removing the boron with potassium hydroxide.
Effect of surface modification of microcrystalline cellulose with ionic liquids on natural latex composites
Authors: Wang Rui , Sun Yiwen , Hou Yanbing , Tian Yong , Zhang Yandan , Liu Fusheng , Han Jingjie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs an environmentally friendly biomacromolecular material, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) enhances the performance of natural rubber latex (NRL) composites. However, MCC has strong polarity, which weakens the interfacial interaction between MCC and the non‐polar NRL matrix and reduces the reinforcing performance due to the many hydroxyl groups on its surface. In this paper, the ionic liquid (IL) modified MCC/IL material was prepared, and AIR‐FTIR, x‐ray diffraction, and XPS photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to detect it from the perspective of environmental protection. And natural latex/microcrystalline cellulose/ionic liquid (NRL/MCC/IL) composites with excellent properties were prepared by latex blending. The activation energy, vulcanization characteristics, basic mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and filler‐rubber interfacial interactions of NRL/MCC/IL composites were investigated. The results showed that the vulcanization rate constant of NRL/MCC/IL composites increase, the activation energy decreases and the mechanical properties were significantly improved. At the same time, the matrix interface interaction of composites was quantitatively calculated using Ayala parameters. The results showed that the interfacial interaction force of the composite was stronger after an appropriate amount of IL pretreatment. The whole process is not only conformed to the concept of green development, but also broadens the application of MCC in rubber materials.
Effect of amino acid enriched diets on hemolymph amino acid composition in honey bees
Authors: Tafi Elena , Sagona Simona , Meucci Valentina , Bortolotti Laura , Galloni Marta , Bogo Gherardo , Gatta Domenico , Casini Lucia , Barberis Marta , Nepi Massimo , Felicioli Antonio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAmino acids (AAs) are an abundant class of nectar solutes, and they are involved in the nectar attractiveness to flower visitors. Among the various AAs, proline is the most abundant proteogenic AA, and γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA) and β‐alanine are the two most abundant non‐proteogenic AAs. These three AAs are known to affect insect physiology, being involved in flight metabolism and neurotransmission. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of artificial diets enriched with either β‐alanine, GABA, or proline on consumption, survival, and hemolymph composition in honey bees belonging to two different ages and with different metabolism (i.e., newly emerged and foragers). Differences in feed intake among diets were not observed, while a diet enriched with β‐alanine improved the survival rate of newly emerged honey bees compared to the control group. Variations in the hemolymph AA concentrations occurred only in newly emerged honey bees, according to the diet and the time of hemolymph sampling. A greater susceptibility of young honey bees to enriched diets than older honey bees was observed. The variations in the concentrations of hemolymph AAs reflect either the accumulation of dietary AAs or the existence of metabolic pathways that may lead to the conversion of dietary AAs into different ones. This investigation could be an initial contribution to studying the complex dynamics that regulate hemolymph AA composition and its effect on honey bee physiology.
The extraordinary rearrangement of mitochondrial genome of the wheat pest, Aptinothrips stylifer and the mitochondrial phylogeny of Thripidae (Thysanoptera)
Authors: Li Chengwen , Gao Yuxin , Wang Dongxue , Dang Lihong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe mitochondrial gene order in Thysanoptera is notably distinct and highly rearranged, with each species exhibiting its own unique arrangement. To elucidate the relationship between gene rearrangements and phylogeny, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the wheat pest, Aptinothrips stylifer, was sequenced and assembled, spanning a total length of 16,033 bp. Compared with the ancestral arthropod mitogenome, significant rearrangement differences were evident in A. stylifer, whereas the gene order between A. stylifer and Anaphothrips obscurus was similar. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on all 13 protein‐coding gene sequences using Bayesian inference and maximum‐likelihood methods, both yielding similar topological structures. Notably, A. stylifer was robustly clustered with A. obscurus, affirming its classification within Anaphothrips genus group. This exemplifies the potential correlation between gene rearrangements and phylogeny in the Thripidae family. Additionally, the mitogenome of A. stylifer exhibited several atypical features, including: (1) Three putative control regions (CRs) in close proximity, with CR2 and CR3 displaying partial similarity, and CR1 differing in base composition; (2) Two transfer RNAs (tRNAs), trnS1 and trnV, lacking the DHU arm; (3) Two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes inverted and positioned distant from each other; (4) Negative AT and GC skew (AT skew = −0.001, GC skew = −0.077); (5) One transposition (nad6), one inverse transposition (trnQ), four inversions (trnF, trnH, trnC, and gene block nad1‐trnL1‐rrnL‐trnV‐rrnS), and four tandem duplication random loss events; and (6) Two protein‐coding genes, nad2 and atp8, terminated with an incomplete stop codon “T”.
Phytochemicals from the Stem Bark of Calophyllum havilandii P. F. Stevens and their Biological Activities
Authors: Zailan Ahmad Alif Danial , Karunakaran Thiruventhan , Santhanam Rameshkumar , Suriaty Yaakop Amira , Mohan Sivakumar , Abu Bakar Mohamad Hafizi , Jong Yi Mian Vivien 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe genus Calophyllum from the family Calophyllaceae has been extensively investigated in the past due to its rich source of bioactive phenolics such as coumarins, chromanones, and xanthones. In this study, phytochemical investigation on the stem bark of Calophyllum havilandii has afforded a new 4‐propyldihydrocoumarin derivative, havilarin (1) together with calolongic acid (2), caloteysmannic acid (3), isocalolongic acid (4), euxanthone (5), and β‐sitosterol (6). The chemical structure of compound 1 was elucidated and established based on detailed spectroscopic techniques, including MS, IR, UV, 1D and 2D NMR. The results of anti‐bacillus study indicated that the chloroform extract showed promising activities with MIC value ranging between 0.5 to 1 μg/mL on selected bacillus strains. Besides, the plant extracts and compounds 1–4 were assessed for their cytotoxicity potential on HL‐7702 cell line. All the tested plant extracts and respective chemical constituents displayed non‐cytotoxic activity on HL‐7702 cell line.
Four Undescribed compounds Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Phyllanthus cochinchinensis with Antimicrobial Activity and NO Production Inhibitory Activity in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells
Authors: Yen Duong Thi Hai , Hang Dan Thi Thuy , Yen Pham Hai , Tai Bui Huu , Dung Duong Thi , Huong Phan Thi Thanh , Dung Nguyen Viet , Trang Do Thi , Bang Ngo Anh , Mai Nguyen Thi , Kiem Phan Van 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFour previously undescribed compounds named phyllancosides A and B (1 and 2), and phyllancochines A and B (3 and 4) together with ten known compounds (5‐14) were isolated from the aerial parts of Phyllanthus cochinchinensis Spreng. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of IR, HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 3, 4, and 10 showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis, S. aureus, and B. cereus with the MIC values in range of 32–256 μg/mL. Compound 11 inhibited E. faecalis and B. cereus, and 7 inhibited S. aureus with the MIC values in range of 64–128 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 1, 3, 4, 8, and 9 showed significantly NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values ranging from 36.57 to 56.34 μM.
Assessing Lanthanide‐Dependent Methanol Dehydrogenase Activity: The Assay Matters
Authors: Phi Manh Tri , Singer Helena , Zäh Felix , Haisch Christoph , Schneider Sabine , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , Daumann Lena J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArtificial dye‐coupled assays have been widely adopted as a rapid and convenient method to assess the activity of methanol dehydrogenases (MDH). Lanthanide(Ln)‐dependent XoxF‐MDHs are able to incorporate different lanthanides (Lns) in their active site. Dye‐coupled assays showed that the earlier Lns exhibit a higher enzyme activity than the late Lns. Despite widespread use, there are limitations: oftentimes a pH of 9 and activators are required for the assay. Moreover, Ln‐MDH variants are not obtained by isolation from the cells grown with the respective Ln, but by incubation of an apo‐MDH with the Ln. Herein, we report the cultivation of Ln‐dependent methanotroph Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV with nine different Lns, the isolation of the respective MDHs and the assessment of the enzyme activity using the dye‐coupled assay. We compare these results with a protein‐coupled assay using its physiological electron acceptor cytochrome cGJ (cyt cGJ). Depending on the assay, two distinct trends are observed among the Ln series. The specific enzyme activity of La‐, Ce‐ and Pr‐MDH, as measured by the protein‐coupled assay, exceeds that measured by the dye‐coupled assay. This suggests that early Lns also have a positive effect on the interaction between XoxF‐MDH and its cyt cGJ thereby increasing functional efficiency.
Boosting Visible‐Light Carbon Dioxide Reduction with Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Eisele Lisa , Chaikhan Wilaiwan , Batool Samar , Cherevan Alexey , Eder Dominik , Bica‐Schröder Katharina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEfficiently generating C1 building blocks from environmentally friendly carbon sources, such as through photocatalytic CO2 reduction, is essential for fostering a sustainable circular economy. The pursuit of mild catalytic activation methods has yielded powerful catalysts that can be synergistically employed alongside various reaction media to enhance overall performance. Herein, we elucidate the influence of diverse imidazolium‐based ionic liquids as additives for visible‐light‐driven CO2 reduction with ruthenium(II)‐ and rhenium(I)‐bipyridine complexes. Our investigation reveals that incorporating ionic liquids into traditional solvents at concentrations below 10 % can markedly boost CO production while suppressing H2 generation. The best results were obtained for the highly basic ionic liquid [C2mim][OAc], resulting in a substantial rise in CO formation from 0.3 μmol/h to 5.4 μmol/h and an increase in turnover number from 3 to 59. This study underscores the cooperative influence of imidazolium‐based ionic liquids on CO2 photoreduction while circumventing their use as primary solvents, thus offering a promising avenue for sustainable chemical synthesis.
A Deeper Insight into the Supramolecular Activation of Oxidative Addition Reactions Involving Pincer‐Rhodium(I) Complexes
Authors: Vinicius Alves Tiago , Peris Eduardo , Fernández Israel 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe factors governing the acceleration of the oxidative addition of methyl iodide to pincer rhodium(I)‐complexes induced by coronene have been computationally explored in detail using quantum chemical methods. Both the parent reaction and the coronene‐mediated process proceed via a stepwise SN2‐type mechanism. It is found that the acceleration of the process derives from the formation of an initial supramolecular complex, mainly stabilized by electrostatic and π‐π interactions, which significantly increases the electron richness of the complex. The impact of this effect on the reaction barrier has been quantitatively analyzed by applying the activation strain model in combination with the energy decomposition analysis method. In addition, the influence of other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the oxidative reaction has been also considered.
Phylogenomics and topological conflicts in the tribe Anthospermeae (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Thureborn Olle , Wikström Niklas , Razafimandimbison Sylvain G. , Rydin Catarina 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGenome skimming (shallow whole‐genome sequencing) offers time‐ and cost‐efficient production of large amounts of DNA data that can be used to address unsolved evolutionary questions. Here we address phylogenetic relationships and topological incongruence in the tribe Anthospermeae (Rubiaceae), using phylogenomic data from the mitochondrion, the nuclear ribosomal cistron, and the plastome. All three genomic compartments resolve relationships in the Anthospermeae; the tribe is monophyletic and consists of three major subclades. Carpacoce Sond. is sister to the remaining clade, which comprises an African subclade and a Pacific subclade. Most results, from all three genomic compartments, are statistically well supported; however, not fully consistent. Intergenomic topological incongruence is most notable in the Pacific subclade but present also in the African subclade. Hybridization and introgression followed by organelle capture may explain these conflicts but other processes, such as incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), can yield similar patterns and cannot be ruled out based on the results. Whereas the null hypothesis of congruence among all sequenced loci in the individual genomes could not be rejected for nuclear and mitochondrial data, it was rejected for plastid data. Phylogenetic analyses of three subsets of plastid loci identified using the hierarchical likelihood ratio test demonstrated statistically supported intragenomic topological incongruence. Given that plastid genes are thought to be fully linked, this result is surprising and may suggest modeling or sampling error. However, biological processes such as biparental inheritance and inter‐plastome recombination have been reported and may be responsible for the observed intragenomic incongruence. Mitochondrial insertions into the plastome are rarely documented in angiosperms. Our results indicate that a mitochondrial insertion event in the plastid trnSGGA – rps4 IGS region occurred in the common ancestor of the Pacific clade of Anthospermeae. Exclusion/inclusion of this locus in phylogenetic analyses had a strong impact on topological results in the Pacific clade.