bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular trauma injury evaluation in Khorramabad, Iran: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sharifian Masoud , Marzban Atefeh , Beiranvand Mania , Mahboubi Mohammad Javad , Garshasebi Mohammad 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Vascular trauma injuries are associated significantly with disabilities and mortality where prompt diagnosis and management are of great importance.

Objectives:
In this study, the authors aim to evaluate the pattern of vascular trauma injuries.

Methods:
This descriptive retrospective study was performed on patients with vascular injuries due to trauma referred to (Shohada Ashayer Hospital and Shahid Chamran Hospital, Khorramabad). Patients’ files were evaluated for the following data: diagnostics, types of treatment and outcome, type of trauma, cause of trauma, anatomy of the injured site, duration of surgery, type of lesion, delayed complication, and requirement of revision surgery. The data obtained were descriptively evaluated using SPSSv22.

Results:
Of 233 patients studied, 95.3% were males. The mean age of the patients was 29.15±11.8 years. 82.8% of patients presented with penetrating trauma whereas 32.2% of patients had stab wound trauma. The most common sign at the time of referral was a loss of sensation in 54.9% of patients. Direct diagnosis based on clinical presentation was made in 79% of patients. The upper extremity was the most common site of vascular injury in 77.3% of patients with the involvement of radial and ulnar arteries, in 63.1%. 66.9% of patients underwent primary vascular repair, 92 received revision surgery, and 69 required blood transfusion.

Conclusion:
Epidemiological studies of vascular injury can help clinicians and local healthcare centres to understand the pattern of vascular trauma based on the geographical location and train trauma surgeons and medical staff to provide effective and timely management.
Endovascular treatment of subdural haematoma in patient under anti-platelet therapy: a case report
Authors: Thapa Paras , Bhattarai Ganesh , Kharel Santosh Kumar , Kunwar Pratiksha , Bhandari Sagar , Bhandari Shailaj , Shilpakar Sushil , Thapa Bikash , Thapa Ajit , Sharma Mohan Raj 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
The incidence of chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH) is relatively high among the elderly population. Other known risk factors for cSDH include male sex, dependency on anti-platelet or anticoagulant medication, and chronic alcoholism. Although, the standard mode of treatment for cSDH is surgery, embolization of the middle meningeal artery (MMA), either upfront or as an adjunct to surgical evacuation can be used for the treatment of cSDH.

Case presentation:
The authors present a case of a 75-year-old female with prior history of posterior-lateral wall myocardial infarction (MI) eight years back presented to our centre with the chief complaints of a gradual onset of cough and headache for 2 months. The patient had no history of trauma, loss of consciousness, seizures, and vomiting. There was no history of diabetes, hypertension, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other chronic illness.

Discussion:
The concurrent use of anti- platelet drug during a surgical procedure can make the treatment challenging. Endovascular treatment can be a primary treatment modality in such situation.

Conclusion:
Elimination of blood supply by middle meningeal artery embolization is emerging as a safe, minimally invasive alternative to treat cSDH.
Ergonomics in the operation-theatre: a healthcare provider-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Shrestha Oshan , Basukala Sunil , Thapa Niranjan , Karki Sagun , Shrestha Lochan , Shrestha Melina , Mehta Bipin Kumar , Sunuwar Bikesh Raj , Maharjan Pujan 
Published: December 2023

Background:Performing surgery is a task that demands mental stability, precision, and vigilant eyes, along with resilient physical strength, as surgeons and those who assist the surgeons have to assume a sustained, difficult posture that can go on for hours. About 23–100% of surgeons report musculoskeletal discomfort that originates from poor ergonomics.Methods:Ethical clearance for the study was obtained. This cross-sectional study, conducted in a tertiary centre among the healthcare providers working inside the operating room, spanned from 1 March 2023, to 26 June 2023. Systematic sampling was applied, and consent was obtained before data collection. A structured questionnaire was used as the study tool, and the collected data was analysed in SPSS 20.Results:A total of 98 personnel responded, among which 67.3% were males and 32.7% were females, with a median age of 36 (32–42) years. Only 6.1% of the workers had received training on ergonomics. The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders was 82.7%, and more than two-thirds of the participant’s life outside of work was affected by this. More than two-thirds (69.4%) felt their work environment was not safe, and surgeons performing open surgery were at lower odds of feeling that their work environment was safe.Conclusion:There is a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare providers working inside the operating room, and the majority had their body position deviated from neutral most of the time during the surgery. There is a deficiency in ergonomic practices, which demands an effective intervention.
Comparative analysis of automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) combined with conventional hand-held ultrasound and mammography in female breast cancer detection
Authors: Sherchan Amir , Liang Jin Tian , Sherchan Bhakti , Suwal Sundar , Katwal Shailendra 
Published: December 2023

Objective and background:
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of an automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) combined with conventional hand-held ultrasound and mammography in detecting female breast cancer. Early detection is vital in improving patient outcomes for this prevalent disease.

Methods:
Seventy-eight suspicious breast lesions from 60 patients were examined between August 2019 and July 2020. Each patient underwent ABVS, conventional hand-held ultrasound, and mammography. Diagnostic values, including coincidence rate, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, were calculated using histopathology results as the “gold standard.”

Results:
Histopathology confirmed 55 malignant (70.51%) and 23 benign lesions (29.48%). ABVS combined with conventional hand-held ultrasound identified 56 malignant (52 confirmed, 4 benign) and 22 benign nodules (3 confirmed, 19 benign). Mammography detected 48 malignant (45 confirmed, 3 benign) and 30 benign nodules (10 confirmed, 20 benign). ABVS combined with conventional hand-held ultrasound had a sensitivity of 94.5%, specificity of 82.6%, positive predictive value of 92.9%, and negative predictive value of 86.4%. Mammography showed a sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of 87.0%, positive predictive value of 93.8%, and negative predictive value of 66.7%.

Conclusion:
ABVS combined with conventional hand-held ultrasound showed high diagnostic value in detecting female breast cancer. The “convergence sign” in the coronal section played a significant role. It slightly outperformed mammography and offered advantages in terms of cost, convenience, comfort, and absence of radiation. Further promotion and implementation are supported.
Risk stratification, prevention and management of perioperative corneal abrasion for non-ocular surgery: Systematic Review
Authors: Liyew Temesgen Misganaw , Mersha Abraham Tarekegn , Admassie Belete Muluadam , Arefayne Nurhusen Riskey 
Published: December 2023

Background:
A corneal abrasion is a flaw in the cornea’s epithelial surface, which is located in the front of the eye. It causes recurrent erosions, corneal inflammation, and chronic corneal defects. In a context with limited resources, the goal of this review was to provide an evidence-based procedure for perioperative risk stratification, prevention, and management of corneal abrasion during non-ocular surgery.

Methods:
A medical search engines of PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, COCHRANE REVIEW, and PUBMED CENTERAL to get access for current and updated evidence on procedures on risk stratification, prevention and management of corneal abrasion for non-ocular surgery. The authors formulate the key questions, scope, and articles written in English language, human study focuses on corneal abrasion, articles in the last 20 year was implemented to identify or filter high-level evidences were included. Reports contain corneal abrasion due to ocular surgery were excluded. All the research articles, which were identified from searches of electronic databases, were imported into Endnote software, duplicate were removed advanced search strategy of electronic sources from databases and websites was conducted using Boolean operators (cornea AND (abrasion OR injury OR laceration)) AND (“Perioperative Period” OR “general anesthesia”). Screening of literatures was conducted with proper appraisal checklist. This review was reported in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement.

Results:
From 8767 identified articles, two hundred articles were removed for duplication and 7720 studies were excluded, 1205 articles were retrieved and evaluated for eligibility. Finally, 24 were included in this systematic review. Advanced age, Prominent eyes, , exophthalmus, ocular surface abnormalities (dry eye), expected duration of surgery (>1 h), the favourable position of the surgery, prone,Trendelenburg and lateral, risk of bleeding, surgical site of the surgery(head /neck) and diabetes mellitus were risk for corneal abrasion. The use of appropriate intervention with pharmacological and Non-pharmacological strategies minimizes the occurrence of perioperative corneal abrasion was crucial for the quality of care.

Conclusion:
Preventing and managing corneal abrasion improves patients’ quality of life. However, there was insufficient evidence to draw conclusions, and high-quality trials of multimodal interventions matched to risk stratification and prevention of corneal abrasion needed to provide robust evidence to guide prevention and management of perioperative corneal abrasion.
Help-seeking behaviour towards anxiety among undergraduate students of Nepal: a web-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Aryal Richa , Rajbanshi Manish , Pokhrel Sushma , Regmi Sushama , Mali Prajita , Baskota Swechhya 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Stigma among mental disorders like anxiety has been identified as an important barrier in help-seeking by national policymakers. Anxiety disorders are quite common among college students, and their severity and prevalence are growing. This study aimed to assess help-seeking behavior (HSB) towards anxiety among undergraduate students of Kathmandu University (KU).

Methodology:
A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 undergraduate students. General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ) tool was used to assess HSB. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and Standard Deviation were calculated to assess the characteristics of the participants. Factors associated with HSB were examined using Chi-Square test. Pearson correlation was determined to find out the association between professional and informal sources for seeking help. All the tests were carried out at the statistically significant level at a P-value of 0.05.

Results:
The mean (±SD) age was 20.3±1.1 years in this study. This study demonstrated that 36.5 and 17.5% of the participants were extremely likely to seek help from parents and psychiatrists towards anxiety, respectively. Sex (OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.0–1.3) was significantly associated with parents, education was significantly associated with parents (OR=0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6), and friends (OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9), meanwhile, ethnicity (OR=0.6, 95% CI: 0.4–0.9), and residence (OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8) were significantly associated with psychiatrists and psychologists for help-seeking behavior, respectively. Fear of criticism (34.1%) and stigma (20.3%) were the main reasons for not seeking help among the participants. The maximum number of participants (41.5%) preferred to seek help immediately if they ever experienced anxiety. This study showed professional and informal sources were positively correlated with anxiety (rpi=0.3) at a P-value <0.05.

Conclusion:
This study showed that students preferred to seek help from informal sources rather than professional sources. In addition, there is still stigma and fear among students regarding mental health. This study suggests that there is a need to have psychosocial intervention at colleges and educational institutions in order to promote professional help-seeking for any mental disorders including anxiety.
Role of MMP-9, TIMP-1 as markers of lung imaging and functional abnormality of COVID-19
Authors: Rosyid Alfian Nur , Puspitasari Arina Dery , Sensusiati Anggraini Dwi , Soebakti Erika , Puspitasari Yessy , Robiul Fuadi Muhammad , Nugraha Jusak , Amin Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Pneumonia is common in COVID-19 patients, characterized by abnormal lung imaging and oxygen demand. Lung inflammation may affect the extracellular matrix balance in correlation with lung abnormalities and their severity and clinical implications.

Objective:
to analyze the level of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 as biomarkers of lung abnormalities, severity, and mortality of COVID-19.

Methods:
Adult COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March and November 2021 were included in the study. Patients with HIV, pregnancy, and chronic respiratory disease were excluded from the study. Complete Blood count, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and Blood gas analysis measured from the blood during admission. Chest X-ray was categorized using the Brixia score.

Results:
The increase of MMP-9 level in severe was higher than in non-severe (P<0.05). The decrease of TIMP-1 level in non-severe was lower than in severe (P<0.05). The increase in MMP-9 correlated to TIMP-1 with a linear R2=0.945. MMP-9 was related significantly to severity (r=0.242) and oxygen demand (FiO2) (r=0.263). Severity was also related to comorbidity (r=0.313), Brixia score (r=0.650), and mortality (r=0.458). MMP-9 and TIMP-1 correlated inversely significant with PaO2/FiO2 (r=−0.291 and r=−0.283) and the Brixia score (r=0.247 and r=0.254). Brixia score correlated with oxygen marker. Mortality related to severity (r=0.458), Brixia score (r=0.405), and oxygen demand (FiO2) (r=0.471), but not related to MMP-9 or TIMP-1.

Conclusion:
MMP-9 may contribute to COVID-19 severity. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were related to lung abnormalities but not related to mortality. This study may present the potential benefit of MMP-9 inhibitor therapy and TIMP-1 exogen administration.
Unraveling a rare splenic pathology: a case report of a benign hemorrhagic spleen with primary congenital splenic epidermoid cysts
Authors: Al Laham Omar , Sharaf Aldeen Rahaf , Al Kurdi M Fadi , Alshiekh Ali , Bozo Maher 
Published: December 2023

Introduction and importance:
A primary congenital splenic epidermoid cyst is an immensely rare pathology with mostly unknown epidemiological parameters. Misdiagnosis can easily happen and this results in life-threatening ramifications for patients. Considering this pathology as a potential differential diagnosis allows for the required surgical intervention to be timely accomplished. In this case, the authors are documenting this pathology and presenting how it was successfully managed via proper and informed preoperative analysis and meticulous intraoperative technique.

Case presentation:
Hereby, we portray the exceptionally rare case of a 7-year-old male who presented to our surgical clinic complaining of a sudden left hypochondriac pain with early satiety for 1 month’s duration. The preoperative radiological assessment displayed numerous splenic cystic lesions throughout the splenic parenchyma.

Clinical discussion:
Resection of the cysts was accomplished via total splenectomy. The ensuing histopathological analysis via Hematoxylin and Eosin of the resected specimens established the diagnosis of a congested hemorrhagic spleen with multiple primary congenital splenic epidermoid cysts.

Conclusion:
Primary congenital splenic epidermoid cysts are an extremely rare type of splenic pathology. There is profound scarcity amidst the published literature regarding it. This merits in-depth study and apt documentation to raise awareness regarding this pathology as a potential differential diagnosis in cases of abdominal pain. Documentation allows us to set up proper and innovative clinical and surgical protocols for these patients. Based on our conclusive review of the published literature, the authors conclude that ours is the first ever documented case from our country of a primary congenital splenic epidermoid cyst.
HyGAnno: Hybrid graph neural network-based cell type annotation for single-cell ATAC sequencing data
Authors: Zhang Weihang , Cui Yang , Loza Martin , Park Sung-Joon , Nakai Kenta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReliable cell type annotations are crucial for investigating cellular heterogeneity in single-cell omics data. Although various computational approaches have been proposed for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) annotation, high-quality cell labels are still lacking in single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) data, because of extreme sparsity and inconsistent chromatin accessibility between datasets. This calls for novel cell type annotation methods in scATAC-seq, to better explore cell type-specific gene regulatory mechanisms and provide a complementary epigenomic layer to scRNA-seq data. Here, we present a novel automated cell annotation method that transfers cell type information from a well-labeled scRNA-seq reference to an unlabeled scATAC-seq target, via a parallel graph neural network, in a semi-supervised manner. Unlike existing methods that utilize only gene expression or gene activity features, HyGAnno integrates genomewide accessibility peak features to facilitate the training process. In addition, HyGAnno reconstructs a reference-target cell graph that can be used to detect cells with low prediction reliability, according to their specific graph connectivity patterns. HyGAnno was tested using large datasets and demonstrated the advantages of accurate cell annotation, interpretable cell embedding, robustness to noisy reference data, and adaptability to tumor tissues.
The balance between ATR and DDK activities controls TopBP1-mediated locking of dormant origins at the pre-IC stage
Authors: Koundrioukoff Stéphane , Kim Su-Jung , Alary Nathan , Toffano Antoine , Melendez-Garcia Rodrigo , Wu Xia , Liu Yaqun , Gnan Stefano , El-Hilali Sami , Brison Olivier , Rosselli Filippo , Chen Chun-Long , Debatisse Michelle 
Published: December 2023

SummaryReplication stress, a major hallmark of cancers, and ensuing genome instability source from impaired progression of replication forks. The first line of defense against fork slowing is compensation, a long-described process that elicits firing of otherwise dormant origins. It remains unclear whether compensation requires activation of the DNA replication checkpoint or passively results from lengthening of the window of time during which dormant origins can fire when fork progression slows, or both. Using molecular DNA combing we show here that a linear relationship ties inter-origin distances to fork speeds, independently of the checkpoint status. We called this line “stressline” and further show that its slope enables precise quantification of the compensation efficiency. Comparison of the slopes in different genetic backgrounds reveals that compensation requires ATR, not CHK1, while TopBP1 and CDC7/DBF4 repress dormant origin activation. These results strongly suggest that TopBP1 locks dormant origins at the pre-IC stage and that ATR and DDK oppose to control the conversion of dormant pre-ICs into functional salvage origins. Both passive and active processes thus contribute to compensation. Moreover, Repli-seq and OK-seq analyses confirm the activating role of ATR and permit development of ATRAP-seq, a new procedure allowing mapping of early constitutive origins.
Wind Gates Olfaction Driven Search States in Free Flight
Authors: Stupski S. David , van Breugel Floris 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYFor organisms tracking a chemical cue to its source, the motion of their surrounding fluid provides crucial information for success. Swimming and flying animals engaged in olfaction driven search often start by turning into the direction of an oncoming wind or water current. However, it is unclear how organisms adjust their strategies when directional cues are absent or unreliable, as is often the case in nature. Here, we use the genetic toolkit ofDrosophila melanogasterto develop an optogenetic paradigm to deliver temporally precise “virtual” olfactory experiences for free-flying animals in either laminar wind or still air. We first confirm that in laminar wind flies turn upwind. Furthermore, we show that they achieve this using a rapid (∼100 ms) turn, implying that flies estimate the ambient wind direction prior to “surging” upwind. In still air, flies adopt remarkably stereotyped “sink and circle” search state characterized by ∼60°turns at 3-4 Hz, biased in a consistent direction. Together, our results show thatDrosophila melanogasterassess the presence and direction of ambient wind prior to deploying a distinct search strategy. In both laminar wind and still air, immediately after odor onset, flies decelerate and often perform a rapid turn. Both maneuvers are consistent with predictions from recent control theoretic analyses for how insects may estimate properties of wind while in flight. We suggest that flies may use their deceleration and “anemometric” turn as active sensing maneuvers to rapidly gauge properties of their wind environment before initiating a proximal or upwind search routine.
Setting a trajectory for CO2emission reduction in academic research: a case study of a French biophysics laboratory
Authors: Giuglaris Caroline , de Seze Jean 
Published: December 2023

AbstractClimate change is a scientifically proven phenomenon caused by anthropic activities, which requires urgent and significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the increasing vocalization of scientists advocating for political action, the issue of the environmental impact of academic research has been neglected for some time. Now, field-dependent initiatives have emerged, such as the non-profit organization My Green Lab, which delivers green certifications to biology and chemistry labs, and institute-dependent programs, such as the Max Planck Sustainability Network. In France, an independent collective was founded in 2019 to address the environmental footprint of academic research following the COP 15 Paris Agreement: Labos 1Point5. Building on their resources and methodology, we have quantified the overall carbon footprint of our biophysics laboratory, considering energy consumption, purchases and travel, for the year 2021. We investigate how this footprint would decrease by 2030 following systemic changes (change in the energy mix, improvements from suppliers), and we propose scenarios based on additional voluntary initiatives to reach a final reduction of -50% compared to the 2021 baseline, following IPCC targets. We have now formed a group of more than 20 colleagues to achieve this goal, emphasizing the importance of collective action. Finally, we provide advice based on our own experience to assist others in addressing the environmental impact of academic research in their respective laboratories.