bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal liver hyperechogenicity on sonography may be a serendipitous sign of a transient myeloproliferating disorder
Authors: Vimercati Antonella , Greco Pantaleo , Gentile Antonia , Ingravallo Giuseppe , Loverro Giuseppe , Selvaggi Luigi 
Published: February 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate that thorough antenatal and postnatal investigations are helpful in any genetic syndrome.Case ReportA woman without a specific risk had a finding of hyperechogenic foci at ultrasound. Karyotype on fetal blood was 47, XY+21 and extensive biochemical investigation revealed abnormal liver function. Given the suspicion of a coincidental hepatic compromise, targeted postmortem examination was performed, which showed hepatic fibrosis, megakaryocytes proliferation and invasion of sinusoid capillaries, all suggestive of a transient myeloproliferative disorder.ConclusionWhen compared with chorionic villous and amniotic fluid sampling, fetal blood allows the collection of additional data, which may help in understanding the pathological process behind an apparently serendipitous association. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (Günther's disease): two cases with very early prenatal manifestation and cystic hygroma
Authors: Pannier E. , Viot G. , Aubry M. C. , Grange G. , Tantau J. , Fallet‐Bianco C. , Muller F. , Cabrol D. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractCongenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) or Günther's disease is the rarest form of the porphyrias. The disease is usually diagnosed at birth or during early infancy, but rarely in utero. We describe here the first two cases of very early prenatal expression of CEP with cystic hygroma diagnosed at 14 weeks in the first fetus and at 19 weeks in the second. Both fetuses presented with severe nonimmune hydrops fetalis as early as 19 and 22 weeks, associated with intrauterine growth retardation, hyperechogenic kidneys and bones. Amniotic fluid was dark brown and uro‐ and coproporphyrin I was dramatically increased. Molecular screening of the CEP gene detected heterozygous C73R mutation in both fetuses, the other parental mutation being as yet unknown. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of molybdenum cofactor deficiency and isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency
Authors: Johnson Jean L. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractMolybdenum cofactor deficiency and isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency are autosomal recessive inborn errors of metabolism with severe neurological symptoms resulting from a lack of sulfite oxidase activity. The deficiencies can be diagnosed prenatally by monitoring sulfite oxidase activity in chorionic villus sampling (CVS) tissue. In those families in which the specific defects have been identified, diagnosis can be achieved by mutation analysis or linkage studies directed at affected genes. These include MOCS1, MOCS2 or GEPH, in cases of molybdenum cofactor deficiency, or SUOX in patients with isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Triploidy in a twin pregnancy: small placenta volume as an early sonographical marker
Authors: Gassner Rainer , Metzenbauer Martin , Hafner Erich , Vallazza Ursula , Philipp Karl 
Published: February 2003

AbstractIntroductionWe report a case of a twin pregnancy with triploidy of maternal phenotype of one foetus and no chromosomal anomaly of the other twin and the role of sonographical placental volumetry.CaseAt 12 weeks of gestation, a dichorionic twin pregnancy discordant in growth is diagnosed. 3D ultrasound reveals a distinctly small placental volume of foetus II. Amniocentesis at 16 weeks discloses triploidy of this foetus. Sonography reveals asymmetrical foetal growth retardation, a severe heart defect and bilateral cleft lip and palate, typical findings in triploidy. Selective feticide at week 20+3 is followed by pre‐term birth of foetus I at 27 weeks.ConclusionSmall placental volume in addition to growth restriction of one foetus early in the course of a twin pregnancy could be an important early marker influencing the decision for chorionic villous sampling at 12 weeks instead of amniocentesis at 16 weeks and it could lead to an earlier selective pregnancy termination of a triploid twin. This would lower the risk of pre‐term birth and enable a better outcome for the remaining healthy foetus. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pitfalls in prenatal diagnosis: cytogenetic analysis in amniocytes fails to detect mosaic r(12)
Authors: de Pater J. M. , Scheres J. M. J. C. , Christiaens G. C. M. L. , Ausems M. G. E. M. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractObjectiveTo review the accuracy of a prenatal diagnosis of a missed chromosomal mosaicism in amniotic fluid cell cultures and to see whether adapting the Dutch guidelines would have made any difference to the outcome in this case.MethodMetaphases, obtained from cultured amniocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes, were analyzed with different results. The amniocyte cultures were then reanalyzed and the risk of missing this mosaicism in prenatal analysis was assessed.ResultsThe prenatal tests performed according to the Dutch guidelines showed a normal female karyotype, but more extensive postnatal analysis revealed a ring chromosome in 50% of the child's lymphocytes. Reanalysis of the original amniocytes confirmed the normal diagnosis, but when more cells from the same and other colonies were analyzed, the ring chromosome was detected.ConclusionThe chance of missing such a supernumerary ring mosaicism is very low (about 2% in our case). Given its very rare occurrence and the low chance of it being missed if the existing Dutch guidelines are followed, adapting the number of cells or colonies to be examined for all prenatal diagnoses does not appear to be justified. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simple and sensitive erythroblast scoring system to identify fetal cells in maternal blood
Authors: Cha Donghyun , Hogan Brad , Bohmer Ralph M. , Bianchi Diana W. , Johnson Kirby L. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractObjectivesNucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) of fetal origin appear to have distinguishable characteristics from that of maternal NRBCs in both nuclear morphology and properties of hemoglobin staining. However, these differences have yet to be quantified. Our aim was to develop an erythroblast scoring system using four distinct phenotypic parameters (nuclear roundness, nuclear morphology, gamma hemoglobin staining intensity, and peripheral brightness of the stained cytoplasm) to address this issue.MethodsNRBCs were isolated from four maternal blood samples by density gradient separation, CD15/45 depletion, and gamma hemoglobin positive selection after elective termination of a trisomy 21 male fetus (47,XY,+21). All cells were deposited onto microscope slides and every NRBC was analyzed according to the scoring system. Each of the four individual parameters was given a value from 0 to 3 points and a combined score was obtained for each cell (range 0–12). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using X‐ and Y‐specific probes was performed to determine, on the basis of interphase karyotype, whether the cell was maternal or fetal.ResultsThe majority of maternal NRBCs were found to have a combined score of 6 or less (103/117) and the majority of fetal NRBCs were found to have a score of 7 or greater (43/53). The proportion of cells that were identified correctly as fetal increased with each ascending category of combined score. For example, 5.7% of NRBCs with a combined score of 5 points or less were found to be fetal, whereas 19.2% of NRBCs with a combined score of 6 points were fetal. At combined scores of 11 and 12 points, 100% of NRBCs were found to be fetal.ConclusionFetal NRBCs have characteristic morphology and a gamma hemoglobin staining appearance that makes them distinguishable from maternal NRBCs. The scoring system presented here is a simple and sensitive method to distinguish fetal NRBCs from adult cells in maternal blood. This system may have clinical utility for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis as well as applications for basic research into the developmental biology of NRBCs. In addition, these defined parameters may serve as computational classifiers for the automated detection of fetal cells in maternal blood. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal exclusion of Leigh syndrome due to T8993C mutation in the mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Leshinsky‐Silver Esther , Perach Michal , Basilevsky Erena , Hershkovitz Eli , Yanoov‐Sharav Miri , Lerman‐Sagie Tally , Lev Dorit 
Published: February 2003

AbstractLeigh syndrome (LS) is a mitochondrial encephalopathy that is caused by a mutation either in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or in the nuclear encoded genes of the mitochondrial proteins. Prenatal diagnosis of defects in the mtDNA is usually problematic because of mtDNA heteroplasmy and tissue specificity. However, the mutations T8993 G/C in the ATP synthase subunit 6 gene of the mtDNA show a more even tissue distribution and do not appear to change significantly over time. There are only few reports of prenatal diagnosis of the T8993G mutation in Leigh disease. Here we describe the first prenatal genetic testing of T8993C in a fetus of a mother whose previous child had died of Leigh syndrome due to the T8993C mutation. Mutant load in the chorionic villus sample (CVS) as well as in amniocytes was undetectable, thus predicting a very high likelihood of an unaffected outcome, indicative of a healthy baby. The diagnosis was confirmed after birth. Gathering data on the prenatal diagnosis of mtDNA mutations is of great importance so that prenatal diagnosis of both T8993G and T8993C mutations can be offered routinely. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of gamma‐globin mRNA in fetal nucleated red blood cells by PNA fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Larsen Rasmus Dines , Schønau Andreas , Thisted Marianne , Petersen Kenneth Heesche , Lohse Jesper , Christensen Britta , Philip John , Pluzek Karl‐Johan 
Published: February 2003

AbstractObjectivesFetal nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) that enter the peripheral blood of the mother are suitable for non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis. The application of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes for tyramide amplified flow fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection of gamma‐globin mRNA in fixed fetal NRBC is investigated.MethodsHemin‐induced K562 cells or nucleated blood cells (NBC) from male cord blood were mixed with NBC from non‐pregnant women and analysed using both slide and flow FISH protocols. Post‐chorionic villus sampling (CVS) blood samples from pregnant females carrying male fetuses were flow‐sorted (2 × 106 NBC/sample). Y chromosome–specific PNA FISH was used to confirm that the identified gamma‐globin mRNA stained cells were of fetal origin.ResultsFlow FISH isolated gamma‐globin mRNA positive NBCs showing characteristic cytoplasmic staining were all Y positive. The amplification system generated a population of false positive cells that were, however, easy to distinguish from the NRBCs in the microscope.ConclusionThe gamma‐globin mRNA specific PNA probes can be used for detection and isolation of fetal NRBCs from maternal blood. The method has additional potential for the study of gamma‐globin mRNA levels or the frequency of adult NRBC (F cells) in patients with hemoglobinopathies. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Descriptive analyses of the integrity of a US Medicaid claims database
Authors: PharmD Sean Hennessy , Bilker Warren B. , Weber Anita , Strom Brian L. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractPurposeTo examine the integrity of six Medicaid databases for use in pharmacoepidemiology research.MethodsWe performed descriptive analyses to examine four categories of potential data errors: incomplete claims for certain time periods; absence of an accurate indicator of inpatient hospitalizations; missing hospitalizations for those aged 65 years and over; and diagnostic codes in demographic groups in which those conditions should be rare.ResultsPrescription claims appeared to be missing intermittently in some states. No valid marker of inpatient hospitalizations could be found for three of six states. Hospitalizations appeared to be missing to varying degrees for those aged 65 years and over. Gross errors in diagnostic codes and demographic data did not appear to be widespread.ConclusionsWhenever possible, investigators using administrative data should perform macro‐level descriptive analyses on the parent data set. In particular, researchers should examine the number of medical and pharmacy claims over time, looking for gaps. Validity of markers of hospitalization should be assessed. The accuracy of diagnosis and demographic data should be examined. Such a descriptive macro‐level approach should be used to supplement, and perhaps precede validation of study outcomes using clinical records. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gas‐phase kinetics and mechanism of diallyl sulfide thermal decomposition
Authors: Gholami M. R. , Izadyar M. 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe gas‐phase kinetics of diallyl sulfide pyrolysis were studied experimentally and theoretically in a static system over the temperature range 433–463 K and a total pressure of 80 Torr in a glass vessel with the free radical inhibitor cyclohexene. The experimental results show that this reaction is homogeneous, unimolecular and follows a first‐order rate law. Theoretical studies at the B3LYP/6–31G* computational level indicate that the elimination reaction proceeds through a six‐centered cyclic transition state and the reaction mechanism is concerted and non‐synchronous. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electronic structure of N‐sulfenylimines
Authors: Bharatam Prasad V. , Amita  , Kaur Damanjit 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThe electronic structure of N‐sulfenylimines was studied in detail using ab initio MO and density functional methods. The S—N rotational barriers and N‐inversion barriers in HS—NCH2 at the G2MP2 level were found to be 5.60 and 21.76 kcal mol−1, respectively. There is a partial pπ–pπ bond and a relatively weak nN → σ*S—R anomeric π bond between sulfur and nitrogen in N‐sulfenylimines. NBO analysis was carried out to estimate quantitatively the above delocalizations in RS—NCH2 (R = H, Me, Cl, F, BH2) systems. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Potential Consequences of the Gaygusuz Judgment
Authors: Pennings Frans 
Published: February 2003

On 16 September 1996 the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg delivered the Gaygusuz v. Austria judgment. This judgment may have very interesting consequences in the area of social security. The Court ruled that the Austrian emergency assistance scheme falls within the scope of the protection of property as provided for by the First Protocol of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Until this decision the European Commission of Human Rights consistently ruled that social security rights based on a pay-as-you-go system did not fall under this protection of property. One consequence of this new case law is that the European Commission of Human Rights and the Court can apply the rules on discrimination in the Convention to social security cases. This is especially interesting in areas where EU law is not applicable (Section 3), and where the rules on the protection of property are applied to social security questions (Section 4 and 5).
ON THE THEORY OF GAMMA RAY BURSTS AND HYPERNOVAE: THE BLACK HOLE SOFT X-RAY TRANSIENT SOURCES
Authors: LEE CHANG-HWAN , BROWN GERALD E. 
Published: February 2003

We show that a common evolutionary history can produce the black hole binaries in the Galaxy in which the black holes have masses of ~ 5 - 10M⊙. In the black hole binaries with low-mass, ≲ 2.5M⊙ ZAMS (zero age main sequence) companions, the latter remain in main sequence during the active stage of soft X-ray transients (SXT's), most of them being of K or M classification. In two intermediate cases, IL Lupi and Nova Scorpii with ZAMS ~ 2.5M⊙ companions the orbits are greatly widened because of large mass loss in the explosion forming the black hole, and whereas these companions are in late main sequence evolution, they are close to evolving. Binaries with companion ZAMS masses ≳ 3M⊙ are initially "silent" until the companion begins evolving across the Herzsprung gap. We provide evidence that the narrower, shorter period binaries, with companions now in main sequence, are fossil remnants of gamma ray bursters (GRB's). We also show that the GRB is generally accompanied by a hypernova explosion (a very energetic supernova explosion). We further show that the binaries with evolved companions are good models for some of the ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULX's) recently seen by Chandra in other galaxies. The great regularity in our evolutionary history, especially the fact that most of the companions of ZAMS mass ≲ 2.5M⊙ remain in main sequences as K or M stars can be explained by the mass loss in common envelope evolution to be Case C; i.e. to occur only after core He burning has finished. Since our argument for Case C mass transfer is not generally understood in the community, we add an appendix, showing that with certain assumptions which we outline we can reproduce the regularities in the evolution of black hole binaries by Case C mass transfer.
Synthesis and Spectroelectrochemical Characterization of a Novel Oxalate-Bridged Binuclear Ruthenium(III) Complex
Authors: Fujino Taku , Hoshino Yoshimasa , Eto Motoki , Yukawa Yasuhiko , Fiedler Jan , Kaim Wolfgang 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
A novel oxalate-bridged binuclear ruthenium(III) complex, [{Ru(acac)2}2(μ-ox)] (acac− = acetylacetonate and ox2− = oxalate), has been prepared via self-dimerization of K[Ru(acac)2(ox)] in aqueous solutions containing ferric salts as catalyst. The Ru2III,II mixed-valence species generated electrochemically with Kc=105.0 for the comproportionation constant exhibits a weak intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) band at 1430 nm. The IR spectra from spectroelectrochemistry indicate a partially localized mixed-valence state (Class II-III behavior).
Unprecedented Soliton Formation Mechanism in Quasi-One-Dimensional Chloro-Bridged PtII- PtIV Mixed-Valence Compound, {[Pt(en)2][PtCl2(en)2]}3(CuCl4)4·12H2O
Authors: Yamashita Masahiro , Aso Hidemitsu , Matsunaga Satoshi , Takizawa Koichi , Nakata Kazuya , Kachi-Terajima Chihiro , Iwahori Fumiyasu , Ishii Tomohiko , Miyasaka Hitoshi , Sugiura Ken-ichi , Kawashima Takuya , Takai Kenzi , Kuroda Noritaka , Shiro Motoo , Kishida Hideo , Okamoto Hiroshi , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Tanaka Hisaaki , Marumoto Kazuhiro , Kuroda Shin-ichi 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
A new type of complex consisting of double liner-chain structure {[Pt(en)2][PtCl2(en)2]}3(CuCl4)4·12H2O was synthesized. High concentration (ca. 200 times larger than the literature) of neutral soliton (PtIII component) formation was found. This unprecedented soliton formation mechanism will be discussed.
The Electronic Structures of Terbium-Phthalocyanine Sandwich Clusters
Authors: Miyajima Ken , Okada Eiji , Nakajima Atsushi , Kaya Koji 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
Terbium (Tb)–phthalocyanine (pc) sandwich clusters, Tbn(pc)n+1 (n=1–4), and their Na adducts, TbNak(pc)2 (k=1–4) were produced by dual laser vaporization of a Tb rod and the molded rod of metal-free or disodium phthalocyanine (H2pc/Na2pc) in gas phase. The minimum number of Na atoms attached to the cationic/neutral/anionic Tb1(pc)2 clusters is 2, 1, and 0, respectively. Together with the ionization energies of the Na adducts of Tb(Na)k(pc)2 (k=1 and 2), it is revealed that the Tb–pc clusters are formed through fairly ionic bondings, where each component exists as Tb3+, Na+, and pc2−, respectively.
Remarkable Acceleration of Diels–Alder Reactions in a Self-Assembled Coordination Cage
Authors: Kusukawa Takahiro , Nakai Tatsuya , Okano Takashi , Fujita Makoto 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
Self-assembled coordination cage 1 was found to accelerate Diels–Alder reactions in an aqueous media: e.g., 113-fold acceleration was observed in the reaction of isoprene with naphthoquinone.
Synthesis of Novel Lanthanide Complexes with Quinone-containing Ligands and Their Redox Controlled Magnetic Interaction
Authors: Nankawa Takuya , Watanabe Masayuki , Murata Masaki , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
New lanthanide-quinone and semiquinone complexes with the formula [Ln(L)2(OTf)3] and [Ln(L′)2(OTf)] (Ln = La, Gd, and Yb; OTf = CF3SO3−; L = aminoquinone ligand; L′ = aminosemiquinone ligand), respectively, were synthesized, and the magnetic interaction between f-electrons and organic radicals was revealed.
Molecular Recognition by Supramolecular Hosts Composed of an Adamantyl-appended Macrocycle with Cyclodextrins in Water
Authors: Hayashida Osamu , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
A supramolecular system composed of a cyclophane bearing adamantyl moieties with cyclodextrins was developed. The binding affinities of cyclophane toward fluorescent guests such as TNS were effectively retained even when the host was assembled with α-cyclodextrin in neutral aqueous media. Its binding site was significantly apolar and well shielded from the bulk aqueous phase. The marked motional repression was also observed for the entrapped guest molecules.
Synthesis of Surfactant-assisted Microporous Layered Tin Phenylphosphonate
Authors: Mal Nawal K , Fujiwara Masahiro , Yamada Yusuke , Matsukata Masahiko 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
Microporous layered tin phenylphosphonate has been prepared using sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as surfactant, it possesses high surface area (255 m2·g−1).
Study of the Time-resolved IR Spectrum of α-Arylvinyl Cations Generated by Laser Flash Photolysis
Authors: Kotani Masashi , Kobayashi Shinjiro , Mishima Masaaki , Hori Yuji 
Published: February 2003

Abstract
The characteristic stretching band of the C(sp2)=C(sp)+ moiety in vinyl cations was observed for the first time around 1870 cm−1 by a time-resolved IR spectrometry with 266 nm or 308 nm laser flash irradiation of (4-methoxyphenyl)alkynes in TFE and α-arylvinyl bromide in acetonitrile. The ultraviolet-visible and the IR absorption maxima were affected by the β-substituents.
The CARSO procedure in process optimization
Authors: Baroni Massimo , Benedetti Paolo , Fraternale Simona , Scialpi Fabrizio , Vix Pierre , Clementi Sergio 
Published: February 2003

AbstractThis paper reports the optimization of the operative conditions of an industrial plant, the electrolytic production of zinc by the leaching method, on applying the CARSO procedure, a response surface methodology based on PLS modelling, the peculiarity of which lies in the way the highest response value within the experimental domain is found. The results illustrate the operative ranges of a few key parameters for six different responses. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.