bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Molybdenum‐modified High‐ortho Thermosetting Phenolic Fiber
Authors: Gu Changqing , Yang Kai , Liu Jiaxing , Ding Jinbiao , Li Keke , Li Yangyang , Jiao Mingli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study aims to produce thermosetting resin from synthesized molybdenum‐modified high‐ortho thermoplastic phenolic resin through an addition reaction. Then, molybdenum‐modified high‐ortho thermosetting phenolic resin is blended with polyvinyl butyral and undergoes wet spinning to prepare as‐spun fibers and obtain high‐ortho molybdenum phenolic fibers via solution curing, microwave curing, or heat curing. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and fiber strength testing were used to investigate the structure and properties of molybdenum‐modified high‐ortho phenolic fibers. Results showed that adding molybdic acid introduced Mo−O bonds into the molecular chain of high‐ortho phenolic resin, thereby improving the degree of cross‐linking and thermal stability. The residual carbon content of the fibers after heat treatment exceeded 60%, and the elongation at break and the breaking strength of the microwave‐cured fibers reached 4.2% and 155 MPa, respectively, and the mechanical properties were relatively good. The study of high‐ortho phenolic fibers aims to improve their properties and expand their applications through resin modifications. It provides a possible fiber preparation strategy for improving heat‐resistant phenolic fibers, thereby guiding the research of modified high‐ortho phenolic fibers.
Fluoride Doping Na3Al2/3V4/3(PO4)3 Microspheres As Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Multielectron Redox
Authors: Xing Boyu , Ren Jingke , Hu Ping , Luo Wen , Mai Bo , Cai Hongwei , Wu Jiahao , Wu Xinfei , Chen Xingbao , Deng Zhaohui , Feng Wencong , Mai Liqiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are potential candidates for large energy storage usage because of the natural abundance and cheap sodium. Nevertheless, improving the energy density and cycling steadiness of SIB cathodes remains a challenge. In this work, F‐doping Na3Al2/3V4/3(PO4)3(NAVP) microspheres (Na3Al2/3V4/3(PO4)2.9F0.3(NAVPF)) are synthesized via spray drying and investigated as SIB cathodes. XRD and Rietveld refinement reveal expanded lattice parameters for NAVPF compared to the undoped sample, and the successful cation doping into the Na superionic conductor (NASICON) framework improves Na+ diffusion channels. The NAVPF delivers an ultrahigh capacity of 148 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 with 90.8% retention after 200 cycles, enabled by the activation of V2+/V5+ multielectron reaction. Notably, NAVPF delivers an ultrahigh rate performance, with a discharge capacity of 83.6 mAh g−1 at 5000 mA g−1. In situ XRD demonstrates solid‐solution reactions occurred during charge–discharge of NAVPF without two‐phase reactions, indicating enhanced structural stability after F‐doped. The full cell with NAVPF cathode and Na+ preintercalated hard carbon anode shows a large discharge capacity of 100 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 with 80.2% retention after 100 cycles. This anion doping strategy creates a promising SIB cathode candidate for future high‐energy‐density energy storage applications.
Printing of In Situ Functionalized Mesoporous Silica with Digital Light Processing for Combinatorial Sensing
Authors: Zhao Lucy , Spiehl Dieter , Kohnen Marion C. , Ceolin Marcelo , Mikolei Joanna J. , Pardehkhorram Raheleh , Andrieu‐Brunsen Annette 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCombinatorial sensing is especially important in the context of modern drug development to enable fast screening of large data sets. Mesoporous silica materials offer high surface area and a wide range of functionalization possibilities. By adding structural control, the combination of structural and functional control along all length scales opens a new pathway that permits larger amounts of analytes being tested simultaneously for complex sensing tasks. This study presents a fast and simple way to produce mesoporous silica in various shapes and sizes between 0.27–6 mm by using light‐induced sol‐gel chemistry and digital light processing (DLP). Shape‐selective functionalization of mesoporous silica is successfully carried out either after printing using organosilanes or in situ while printing through the use of functional mesopore template for the in situ functionalization approach. Shape‐selective adsorption of dyes is shown as a demonstrator toward shape selective screening of potential analytes.
A DNA/Poly‐(L‐lysine) Hydrogel with Long Shelf‐Time for 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Tang Jianpu , Wang Jing , Ou Junhan , Cui Zhen , Yao Chi , Yang Dayong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)‐based hydrogels are emerging as promising functional materials for biomedical applications. However, the shelf‐time of DNA hydrogels in biological media is severely shortened by nucleases, which limit the application of DNA hydrogels. Herein, a DNA hydrogel with long shelf‐time is reported for 3D cell culture. Poly‐(L‐lysine) (PLL) is introduced as both a cross‐linker and a protectant. The electrostatic interaction between PLL and DNA drove the formation of hydrogel. PLL coating on DNA increased the steric hindrance between DNA and nucleases, thus weakening the digestion of nucleases toward phosphodiester bond. As a result, the shelf‐time of DNA/PLL hydrogel for 3D cell culture is extended from generally 1 day to longer than 15 days, which has not been achieved previously. Notably, poly‐AS1411‐aptamers are integrated to DNA/PLL hydrogels for anchoring U87 cells, and the cell encapsulation efficiency of the DNA/PLL hydrogels with aptamer is 4‐time higher than that of the hydrogels without aptamer. DNA/PLL hydrogel provided a favorable microenvironment to support the proliferation of cells, which formed cell spheroid in 15 days. This protective coating strategy solves the long‐standing problem on the shelf‐time of DNA hydrogel, and is envisioned to promote the development of DNA hydrogel in more biomedical applications.
Simultaneous determination of 19 constituents in the Jian‐Nao‐Ning mixture using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: FU Ji‐Yong , Ding Ding , Wang Ru‐Mei , Zhang Lyu‐Feng , Ma Bing‐Liang , Liu Fu‐Xuan , Zhu Guo‐Fu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractJin‐Nao‐Ning mixture (JNNm) has been clinically used to treat insomnia in China. However, the major constituents of JNNm were not revealed. In this study, an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry was established and validated for simultaneous quantitation of 19 representative constituents of JNNm. The method had good specificity and adequate sensitivity. The calibration curves of the constituents displayed good linearity (r > 0.990) in appropriate ranges. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision at three quality control (QC) levels ranged from 0.68% to 5.17% and 0.42% to 5.37%, respectively. The recovery ranged from 91.76% to 110.06%, with a precision of less than 5.07%. In addition, the method had good repeatability (relative standard deviation [RSD] < 4.93%). The analytes were all stable for 24 h (RSD < 7.98%) at room temperature. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that salvianolic acid B (495.7–606.3 μg/mL) is the most abundant constituent, followed by betaine (411.3–468.3 μg/mL), salvianic acid A (10.7–34.9 μg/mL), lobetyolin (11.6–14.6 μg/mL), spinosin (4.0–7.6 μg/mL), schisandrol A (1.5–4.1 μg/mL), and schisandrol B (1.2–1.5 μg/mL). Concentrations of other constituents were below 1 μg/mL. This study would be helpful for the QC of JNNm and the revelation of its effective constituents.
TriClick: Interactive Dermoscopic Image Segmentation with Triangle Map
Authors: Zhao Shuofeng , Gu Chunzhi , Yu Jun , Akashi Takuya , Zhang Chao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLesion segmentation is a fundamental task that has been widely studied in biomedicine. State‐of‐the‐art methods still struggle with the inherent challenges of dermoscopic images such as uncertain boundaries or severe occlusion. In this study, we argue that this task can be better resolved by introducing user interaction and proposing a deep interactive framework for lesion segmentation. Our method is designed to best reflect user expertise to iteratively refine the segmentation results. In each iteration, professional users are expected to click three points on the boundary of the lesion to encourage the network to update the previous round of the segmentation result. To best exploit the clues from the interaction, we explore a novel encoding strategy by producing a triangle map whose vertices are the three clicked points. Owing to the strong guidance within such triangle maps, our method can outperform state‐of‐the‐art methods with baseline segmentation backbones. Extensive experimental results and ablation studies on three commonly used lesion segmentation data sets demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in terms of segmentation accuracy and encoding effectiveness. © 2024 The Authors. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering published by Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Maternal cardiovascular function in midgestation is related to placental angiogenesis
Authors: Papastefanou I. , Szczepkowska A. , Tezhaeva M. , De Pauli M. , Charakida M. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate whether angiogenic markers of placental function are associated with maternal cardiac function and hemodynamic responses at 19–23 weeks' gestation, controlling for maternal risk factors and pregnancy complications.MethodsThis was a prospective study of women with singleton pregnancy attending King's College Hospital, London, UK, for a routine hospital visit at 19–23 weeks' gestation. We recorded maternal characteristics and measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), maternal heart rate, serum placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1). We also performed maternal echocardiography to assess cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance as well as indices of diastolic and systolic function.ResultsOur cohort included 4006 women. Lower PlGF values were significantly associated with higher MAP (P < 0.0001), lower maternal heart rate (P < 0.0001), lower mitral valve s′ mean velocity (P = 0.027) and higher left atrial area (P = 0.022) after adjustment for maternal characteristics and pregnancy complications. sFlt‐1 was associated positively with relative wall thickness (P = 0.012), whereas sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio was associated negatively with mitral valve A (P = 0.006) and positively with left atrial area (P = 0.015) and MAP (P = 0.004). The magnitude of these associations was similar in the subgroup of women without any risk factors based on their obstetric and medical history.ConclusionsA continuous association of moderate strength between angiogenic factors and subclinical maternal cardiac function alterations is present in midgestation, independently of pre‐existing maternal risk factors and pregnancy complications. Impaired placental function appears to be related to mild systolic and diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodeling. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Hollow viscus perforation in blunt abdominal trauma: A 14‐year experience from a trauma center
Authors: Rodriguez Veronica I. , Perez Barbara , Fernandez Andrea , Varela Cristopher , Teran Adrian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIsolated perforations of hollow viscus (HV) represent less than 1% of injuries in blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). When they do present, they are generally due to high‐impact mechanisms in the segments of the intestine that are fixed. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of major HV injuries in BAT at the “Dr. Domingo Luciani” General Hospital (HDL), and address the literature gap regarding updated HV perforations following BAT, especially in low‐income settings.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of patients admitted to our trauma center with a diagnosis of complicated BAT with HV perforation over 14 years.Results and DiscussionSeven hundred sixty‐one patients were admitted under the diagnosis of BAT. Of them, 36.79% underwent emergency surgical resolution, and 6.04% had HV perforation as an operative finding. Almost half (44.44%) of these cases presented as a single isolated injury, while the remaining were associated with other intra‐abdominal organ injuries. The most common lesions were Grade II‐III jejunum and Grade I transverse colon, affecting an equal proportion of patients at 13.33%. In recent years, an increased incidence of HV injuries secondary to BAT has been observed. Despite this, in many cases, the diagnosis is delayed, so even in the presence of negative diagnostic studies, the surgical approach based on the trauma mechanism, hemodynamic status, and systematic reevaluation of the polytraumatized patient should prevail.
Developing a photography‐based harvest survey to estimate age and subspecies composition of midcontinent sandhill cranes
Authors: Dinges Andrew J. , VonBank Jay A. , Pearse Aaron T. , Brandt David A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMidcontinent sandhill cranes (Antigone canadensis) are managed as a single population, but hunting regulations are structured so harvest is targeted towards the more numerous lesser sandhill cranes (A. c. canadensis). However, research indicates that greater sandhill cranes (A. c. tabida) have been disproportionally exposed to harvest at a rate exceeding their proportion within the midcontinent population. In addition, harvest has increased 22% per year in the U.S. Central Flyway states. The midcontinent population appears to be growing in recent years, but variability in annual abundance estimates has increased substantially. With limited resources and harvest management uncertainty increasing, we developed methods for a citizen science, photography‐based harvest survey to estimate age and subspecies composition of harvested midcontinent sandhill cranes. To develop survey methods, we collected physical parts from 284 sandhill cranes in North Dakota in 2019 and 2020. We manually measured the culmen and tarsus using calipers, and digitally measured these parts using photographs and computer software. All digitally derived measurements were 2.5% to 5.9% larger than manual measurements; therefore, we developed linear models that adjusted digital measurements, facilitating subspecies prediction using an existing morphometric‐based technique. In 2021, we requested an equal number of hunters to participate using 2 data collection methods to test if hunters could reliably take photographs suitable for digital measurement. Collection method 1 involved photographing the head and leg simultaneously, and Collection method 2 involved photographing the head only. Hunters submitted a total of 239 photographs. Only 80 of these photographs were submitted using Collection method 1, and 72% were suitable for digital measurement. Conversely, hunters submitted twice as many photographs using Collection method 2, and 88% of these photographs were deemed suitable. Although obtaining the tarsus measurement slightly improved subspecies predictability, Collection method 2 increased participation and usable data. We believe our results could be used to develop an operational survey of age and subspecies composition of midcontinent sandhill cranes, wherein a sample of crane hunters throughout the midcontinent population range would be asked to electronically submit a photograph of the head of each bird they harvest. A time series of age and subspecies composition of this population would provide managers with valuable information and improve harvest management at minimal additional cost and burden, compared to a traditional parts collection survey administered by mail.
Low-energy effective field theory below the electroweak scale: one-loop renormalization in the ’t Hooft-Veltman scheme
Authors: Naterop Luca , Stoffer Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The low-energy effective field theory below the electroweak scale (LEFT) describes the effects at low energies of both the weak interaction and physics beyond the Standard Model. We study the one-loop renormalization of the LEFT in the ’t Hooft-Veltman scheme, which offers an algebraically consistent definition of the Levi-Civita symbol and γ5 in dimensional regularization. However, in connection with minimal subtraction this scheme leads to a spurious breaking of chiral symmetry in intermediate steps of the calculation. Based on the ’t Hooft-Veltman prescription, we define a renormalization scheme that restores chiral symmetry by including appropriate finite counterterms. To this end, we extend the physical LEFT operator basis by a complete set of off-shell and one-loop-evanescent operators and we perform the renormalization at one loop. We determine the finite counterterms to the physical parameters that compensate both the insertions of evanescent operators, as well as the chiral-symmetry-breaking terms from the renormalizable part of the Lagrangian in D dimensions. Our results can be applied in next-to-leading-log calculations in the ’t Hooft-Veltman scheme: using our renormalization scheme instead of pure minimal subtraction separates the physical sector from the unphysical evanescent sector and leads to results that are manifestly free of spurious chiral-symmetry-breaking terms.
Kerr-Schild double copy for Kundt spacetimes of any dimension
Authors: Ortaggio Marcello , Pravda Vojtěch , Pravdová Alena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We show that vacuum type N Kundt spacetimes in an arbitrary dimension admit a Kerr-Schild (KS) double copy. This is mostly done in a coordinate-independent way using the higher-dimensional Newman-Penrose formalism. We also discuss two kinds of non-uniqueness of an electromagnetic field corresponding to a given KS metric (i.e., its single copy) — these originate, respectively, from the rescaling freedom in the KS vector and from the non-uniqueness of the splitting of the KS metric in the flat part and the KS part. In connection to this, we show that the subset of KS pp-waves admits both null and non-null electromagnetic single copies. Since vacuum type N Kundt spacetimes are universal solutions of virtually any higher-order gravities and null fields in such backgrounds are immune to higher-order electromagnetic corrections, the KS-Kundt double copy demonstrated in the present paper also applies to large classes of modified theories.
Searching for millicharged particles with 1 kg of Skipper-CCDs using the NuMI beam at Fermilab
Authors: Perez Santiago , Rodrigues Dario , Estrada Juan , Harnik Roni , Liu Zhen , Cervantes-Vergara Brenda A. , D’Olivo Juan Carlos , Plestid Ryan D. , Tiffenberg Javier , Yu Tien-Tien , Aguilar-Arevalo Alexis , Alcalde-Bessia Fabricio , Avalos Nicolás , Baez Oscar , Baxter Daniel , Bertou Xavier , Bonifazi Carla , Botti Ana , Cancelo Gustavo , Castelló-Mor Nuria , Chavarria Alvaro E. , Chavez Claudio R. , Chierchie Fernando , De Egea Juan Manuel , Dreyer Cyrus , Drlica-Wagner Alex , Essig Rouven , Estrada Ezequiel , Etzion Erez , Grylls Paul , Fernandez-Moroni Guillermo , Fernández-Serra Marivi , Ferreyra Santiago , Holland Stephen , Barreda Agustín Lantero , Lathrop Andrew , Lawson Ian , Loer Ben , Luoma Steffon , Villalpando Edgar Marrufo , Montero Mauricio Martinez , McGuire Kellie , Molina Jorge , Munagavalasa Sravan , Norcini Danielle , Piers Alexander , Privitera Paolo , Saffold Nathan , Saldanha Richard , Singal Aman , Smida Radomir , Sofo-Haro Miguel , Stalder Diego , Stefanazzi Leandro , Traina Michelangelo , Tsai Yu-Dai , Uemura Sho , Ventura Pedro , Cortabitarte Rocío Vilar , Yajur Rachana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Oscura is a planned light-dark matter search experiment using Skipper-CCDs with a total active mass of 10 kg. As part of the detector development, the collaboration plans to build the Oscura Integration Test (OIT), an engineering test with 10% of the total mass. Here we discuss the early science opportunities with the OIT to search for millicharged particles (mCPs) using the NuMI beam at Fermilab. mCPs would be produced at low energies through photon-mediated processes from decays of scalar, pseudoscalar, and vector mesons, or direct Drell-Yan productions. Estimates show that the OIT would be a world-leading probe for mCPs in the ∼MeV mass range.
Carrollian structure of the null boundary solution space
Authors: Adami H. , Parvizi A. , Sheikh-Jabbari M. M. , Taghiloo V. , Yavartanoo H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study pure D dimensional Einstein gravity in spacetimes with a generic null boundary. We focus on the symplectic form of the solution phase space which comprises a 2D dimensional boundary part and a 2(D(D − 3)/2 + 1) dimensional bulk part. The symplectic form is the sum of the bulk and boundary parts, obtained through integration over a codimension 1 surface (null boundary) and a codimension 2 spatial section of it, respectively. Notably, while the total symplectic form is a closed 2-form over the solution phase space, neither the boundary nor the bulk symplectic forms are closed due to the symplectic flux of the bulk modes passing through the boundary. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the D(D − 3)/2 + 1 dimensional Lagrangian submanifold of the bulk part of the solution phase space has a Carrollian structure, with the metric on the D(D − 3)/2 dimensional part being the Wheeler-DeWitt metric, and the Carrollian kernel vector corresponding to the outgoing Robinson-Trautman gravitational wave solution.
Finite-size versus finite-temperature effects in the critical long-range O(N) model
Authors: Benedetti Dario , Gurau Razvan , Harribey Sabine , Lettera Davide 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper we consider classical and quantum versions of the critical long-range O(N) model, for which we study finite-size and finite-temperature effects, respectively, at large N. First, we consider the classical (isotropic) model, which is conformally invariant at criticality, and we introduce one compact spatial direction. We show that the finite size dynamically induces an effective mass and we compute the one-point functions for bilinear primary operators with arbitrary spin and twist. Second, we study the quantum model, mapped to a Euclidean anisotropic field theory, local in Euclidean time and long-range in space, which we dub fractional Lifshitz field theory. We show that this model admits a fixed point at zero temperature, where it displays anisotropic Lifshitz scaling, and show that at finite temperature a thermal mass is induced. We then compute the one-point functions for an infinite family of bilinear scaling operators.In both the classical and quantum model, we find that, as previously noted for the short-range O(N) model in [1], the large-N two-point function contains information about the one-point functions, not only of the bilinear operators, but also of operators that appear in the operator product expansion of two fundamental fields only at subleading order in 1/N, namely powers of the Hubbard-Stratonovich intermediate field.