bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it still necessary to perform measured based pre‐treatment patient‐specific QA for SRS HyperArc treatments?
Authors: Cavalli Nina , Bonanno Elisa , Borzì Giuseppina R. , D'Anna Alessia , Pace Martina , Stella Giuseppe , Zirone Lucia , Marino Carmelo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPurposeThe Mobius3D system was validated as a modern secondary check dosimetry system.In particular, our objective has been to assess the suitability of the M3D as pre‐treatment patient‐specific Quality Assurance (QA) tool for Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) HyperArc (HA) treatments. We aimed to determine whether Mobius3D could safely replace the measurements‐based patient‐specific QA for this type of treatment.Methods30 SRS HA treatment plans for brain were selected. The dose distributions, calculated by Mobius and our routinely used algorithm (AcurosXB v.15.6), were compared using gamma analysis index and DVH parameters based on the patient's CT dataset.All 30 plans were then delivered across the ionization chamber in a homogeneous phantom and the measured dose was compared with both M3D and TPS calculated one.The plans were delivered and verified in terms of PSQA using the electronic portal imaging device (EPID) with Portal Dosimetry (PD) and myQA SRS (IBA Dosimetry) detector.Plans that achieved a global gamma passing rate (GPR) ≥ 97% based on 2%/2 mm criteria, with both Mobius3D and the conventional methods were evaluated acceptable. Finally, we assessed the capability of the M3D system to detect errors related to the position of the Multi‐Leaf Collimator (MLC) in comparison to the analyzed measurement‐based systems.ResultsNo relevant differences were observed in the comparison between the dose calculated on the CT‐dataset by M3D and the TPS. Observed discrepancies are imputable to different used algorithms, but no discrepancies related to goodness of plans have been found.Average differences between calculated (M3D and TPS) vs measured dose with ionization chamber were 2.5% (from 0.41% to 3.2%) and 1.81% (from 0.66% to 2.65%), for M3D and TPS, respectively.All plans passed with a gamma passing rate > 97% using conventional PSQA methods with a gamma criterion of 2% dose difference and 2 mm distance‐to‐agreement. The average gamma passing rate for the M3D system was determined to be 99.4% (from 97.3% to 100%). Results from this study also demonstrated Mobius has better error detectability than conventional measurement‐based systems.ConclusionOur study shows Mobius3D could be a suitable alternative to conventional measured based QA methods for SRS HyperArc treatments.
Inebilizumab reduces neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder risk independent of FCGR3A polymorphism
Authors: Kim Ho Jin , Aktas Orhan , Patterson Kristina R. , Korff Schaun , Kunchok Amy , Bennett Jeffrey L. , Weinshenker Brian G. , Paul Friedemann , Hartung Hans‐Peter , Cimbora Daniel , Smith Michael A. , Mittereder Nanette , Rees William A. , She Dewei , Cree Bruce A. C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractInebilizumab, a humanized, glycoengineered, IgG1 monoclonal antibody that depletes CD19+ B‐cells, is approved to treat aquaporin 4 (AQP4) IgG‐seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Inebilizumab is afucosylated and engineered for enhanced affinity to Fc receptor III‐A (FCGR3A) receptors on natural killer cells to maximize antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Previously, the F allele polymorphism at amino acid 158 of the FCGR3A gene (F158) was shown to decrease IgG‐binding affinity and reduce rituximab (anti‐CD20) efficacy for NMOSD attack prevention. In contrast, our current findings from inebilizumab‐treated NMOSD patients indicate similar clinical outcomes between those with F158 and V158 allele genotypes.
Association between neurodevelopmental impairments and motor function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Thangarajh Mathula , McDermott Michael P. , Guglieri Michela , Griggs Robert C. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe explored various prognostic factors of motor outcomes in corticosteroid‐naive boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).MethodsThe associations between parent‐reported neurodevelopmental concerns (speech delay, speech and language difficulties (SLD), and learning difficulties), DMD mutation location, and motor outcomes (6‐minute walk distance (6MWD), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) total score, 10‐meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity) were studied in 196 corticosteroid‐naive boys from ages 4 to less than 8 years.ResultsParticipants with SLD walked 25.8 fewer meters in 6 minutes than those without SLD (p = 0.005) but did not demonstrate statistical differences in NSAA total score, 10‐meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity. Participants with distal DMD mutations with learning difficulties walked 51.8 fewer meters in 6 minutes than those without learning difficulties (p = 0.0007). Participants with distal DMD mutations were slower on 10‐meter walk/run velocity, and rise from floor velocity (p = 0.02) than those with proximal DMD mutations. Participants with distal DMD mutations, who reported speech delay or learning difficulties, were slower on rise from floor velocity (p = 0.04, p = 0.01) than those with proximal DMD mutations. The mean NSAA total score was lower in participants with learning difficulties than in those without (p = 0.004).InterpretationCorticosteroid‐naive boys with DMD with distal DMD mutations may perform worse on some timed function tests, and that those with learning difficulties may perform worse on the NSAA. Pending confirmatory studies, our data underscore the importance of considering co‐existing neurodevelopmental symptoms on motor outcome measures.
Alzheimer's Disease: Status of Low‐Dimensional Nanotherapeutic Materials
Authors: Huang Dongqing , Liao Wang , Li Jun , Chen Tongkai , Wang Xinlu , Zhao Ruiyue , Zhang Lingyan , Yu Xuefeng , Zheng Dong , Luan Ping 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease that constitutes the third most common cause of death among elderly individuals. AD patients suffer from behavioral problems regularly, like memory loss, thinking deficits, and cognitive disorders. Currently, the incidence rate of AD has been on the rise worldwide. Therefore, it is imperative to develop effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of AD. The inherent characteristics of low‐dimensional nanomaterials, primarily their smaller size and surface structure, make them well‐suited for fulfilling the essential requirements of therapeutic drug design. Consequently, these nanomaterials offer a highly appealing and alternative approach to treating AD. Here, the low‐dimensional nanomaterials used in the treatment of AD to provide new ideas, methods, and comprehensive perspectives for the management of AD are reviewed. This review will advance the comprehensive understanding of the potential of low‐dimensional nanomaterials in the field of neuro medicine, which also will have a positive impact on future research.
Unicellular Organisms with Versatile Solutions at the Micro‐Scale: Functional Materials and Principles in Ciliates
Authors: Dörr Lennart , Kohl Jana , Schweikert Michael , Lemloh Marie‐Louise 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNature's diversity offers an abundance of promising solutions for novel bioinspired functional materials and systems. In particular, single‐celled organisms exhibit solutions and material properties that are realized at the nano‐ and micro‐scales. Ciliates are ubiquitous unicellular eukaryotes that are well‐adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions. They have developed a large variety of interesting and highly specialized characteristics with unique properties and design. In this review, the background of selected ciliate characteristics is highlighted with respect to material properties and structure‐function relationships. Hierarchically complex mineralized structures, highly efficient sensors for movement and protection, shape‐memory structures, as well as survival and detoxification strategies are to be emphasized. Proposed future bioinspired applications of these properties of ciliates expand the possibilities to more sustainable materials and development processes.
Toward Shuttle‐Free Zn–I2 Battery: Anchoring and Catalyzing Iodine Conversion by High‐Density P‐Doping Sites in Carbon Host
Authors: Zhang Peng‐Fang , Li Jia‐Hui , Zhang Shao‐Jian , Li Da‐Cheng , Zeng Su‐Yuan , Xu Shu‐Ling , Yao Qing‐Xia , Liu Ling‐Yang , Ding Lei , Li Heng‐Xiang , Hu Yi‐Yang , Li Jun‐Tao , Zhou Yao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractZn–iodine (I2) battery, as a promising energy storage device, especially under high I2 loading, is harassed by the shuttle effect of the soluble polyiodide intermediates. Herein, the bifunctional role of 2D carbon nanosponge with rich P‐dopant (4.2 at%) and large specific surface area (1966 m2 g−1) in anchoring I2/Ix− (x = 1, 3 or 5) and catalyzing their mutual conversion is reported. Both experiment and computational results reveal the transfer of electrons from the P‐doped site to iodine species, showing strong interfacial interaction. When being used as a host, it possesses high specific capture capacity for I2 (3.34 giodine g−1 or 1.6 mgiodine m−2) and Ix− (6.12 gtriiodide g−1 or 3.1 mgtriiodide m−2), which thus effectively suppresses the shuttle effect, supported by in situ UV–vis and Raman spectra. In addition to the strong interfacial interaction that favors iodine conversion, the P‐doped sites can also catalyze the conversion of I5− to I2, which is the rate‐determining step. Consequently, Zn–I2 batteries under a high I2 content (70 wt%) deliver high specific capacity (220.3 mAh g−1), superior Coulombic efficiency (>99%), and low self‐discharge rate; moreover, they can also operate steadily at 2 A g−1 with ignorable capacity decay for 10 000 cycles.
Multi‐Functional Platform for In‐Memory Computing And Sensing Based on 2D Ferroelectric Semiconductor α‐In2Se3
Authors: Li Xuan , Li Shuo , Tian Jiamin , Lyu Fengjiao , Liao Jianhui , Chen Qing 
Published: October 2023

Abstract2D layered semiconductors with excellent light−matter interaction and atomic‐scale thickness have been envisioned as promising candidates for more than Moore and beyond Moore technologies. Here, for the first time, a multi‐functional platform is reported that is fabricated entirely from wrinkle‐free 2D ferroelectric semiconductor α‐In2Se3 integrated with a photodetector, reconfigurable logic switching, and visual perception processing functions. The intensity‐ and wavelength‐dependent resistance is used to demodulate broadband optical information into electrical signals and perform reconfigurable logic switching. Moreover, the platform offers dynamically modulated photosensitive visual sensing in different working modes at the pixel level. Using photo‐assisted piezoresponse force microscopy, the optical‐engineered ferroelectric polarization switch behavior is explored. The platform has excellent sensitivity to both optical and electrical stimuli and can respond to lights in the visible to short‐wavelength infrared region in volatile/non‐volatile manner under gate voltage modulation, with a response of 98 mA W−1 (to 1800 nm light), a current on/off ratio of over 106, and a high field‐effect mobility of 137.55 cm2 V−1 s−1. With its simple structure, unique photoelectric interaction, and controllable operating mechanism, the platform has the potential to simplify the complexity of neuromorphic computing circuitry systems, paving the way for high‐performance hybrid technologies suitable for artificial intelligence applications.
Toward a Nanoscale‐Defect‐Free Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Through Regulated Pore Evolution for Long‐Lifespan Li Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Song Seok Hyun , Kim Hwa Soo , Kim Kyoung Sun , Hong Seokjae , Jeon Hyungkwon , Lim Jun , Jung Young Hwa , Ahn Hyungju , Jang Jong Dae , Kim Man‐Ho , Seo Jong Hyeok , Kwon Ji‐Hwan , Kim Dokyung , Lee Young Joo , Han Young‐Soo , Park Kyu‐Young , Kim Chunjoong , Yu Seung‐Ho , Park Hyeokjun , Jin Hyeong Min , Kim Hyungsub 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides are envisioned as the most promising cathode materials for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries; however, their practical adoption is plagued by fast capacity decay originating from chemo‐mechanical degradation. The intrinsic chemical–mechanical instability, inherited from atomic‐ and nanoscale defects generated during synthesis, is not yet resolved. Here, atomic‐ and nanoscale structural evolution during solid‐state synthesis of Ni‐rich layered cathode, Li[Ni0.92Co0.03Mn0.05]O2, is investigated using combined X‐ray/neutron scattering and electron/X‐ray microscopy. The multiscale analyses demonstrate the intertwined correlation between phase transition and microstructural evolution, with atomic‐scale defects derived from the decomposition of precursors leading to the creation of intra/inter‐granular pores. The nucleation and coalescence mechanism of pore defects during the synthesis of Ni‐rich layered cathodes are quantitatively revealed. Furthermore, a modified synthetic route is proposed to effectively circumvent the formation of nanoscale defects in Ni‐rich layered cathodes by facilitating uniform synthetic reactions, resulting in superior electrochemical and microstructural stability.
Cellulose‐Based pH‐Responsive Janus Dressing with Unidirectional Moisture Drainage for Exudate Management and Diabetic Wounds Healing
Authors: Xu Zhan , Fan Jialiang , Tian Weiguo , Ji Xin , Cui Yuqian , Nan Qinying , Sun Feifei , Zhang Jun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetic wounds with hyperglycemic tissue exudates and bacterial infections have become a great challenge that seriously delays the healing of diabetic wounds. Therefore, multifunctional dressings for exudate management of diabetic wound are urgently needed. Herein, a smart dressing with rapid moisture‐drained and non‐adhesive, pH‐responsive, and antibacterial capabilities is proposed for exudate management and wound monitoring. The Janus dressing is assembled with an antioxidant, pH‐sensitive, and hydrophilic cellulose cover and an antibacterial hydrophobic polycaprolactone bottom layer that directly contacts with the wounds, which can unidirectionally and irreversibly drain the wound exudates and weaken the wet adhesion to the wound. In response to the humoral pH variations (5‐9) during the healing process ofdiabetic wounds, the healing process can be in situ monitored according to the distinct pH‐responsive colors of the Janus dressing at different healing stages. In vivo assays and histopathological studies suggest that the Janus dressing has a superior pro‐healing rate, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis than commercial gauze. Notably, such a mulitfunctional dressing provides real‐time wound monitoring simply through a smartphone integrated with Python‐RGB programs, which can significantly alleviate the hyperglycemic exudate‐flooded environment as an alternative strategy for diabetic wound treatment.
Pivotal Role of Organic Materials in Aqueous Zinc‐Based Batteries: Regulating Cathode, Anode, Electrolyte, and Separator
Authors: Chen Wei , Chen Tao , Fu Jiajun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐based batteries have garnered considerable interest as promising energy storage devices due to the low cost, remarkable energy density, high safety, and eco‐friendliness. However, the mutual challenges of cathode dissolution, electrolyte parasitic reactions, disordered zinc dendrite growth, and easily punctured separator have significantly impeded the widespread commercialization of aqueous zinc‐based batteries. Realizing high‐performance zinc‐based batteries becomes imperative yet remains extremely challenging. To address these concerns, great efforts have recently been made to design high‐performance zinc‐based batteries. Here the state‐of‐the‐art in organic materials is critically reviewed for aqueous zinc‐based batteries, covering main components of a battery. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the design strategies of organic materials for zinc‐based batteries, encompassing cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator. Furthermore, the challenges and prospective research directions are also discussed to provide a guideline for further development of highly stable zinc‐based batteries.
A Physical Model of Nanotwin Unit and Orientation Organization for Designing Mechanical Performance: Cases of InSb, GaAs, ZnS
Authors: Lu Zhongtao , Huang Xiege , Zhang Xiaolian , Zhai Pengchen , Goddard William A. , Li Guodong 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFunctional unit and organization (FUO) paradigm starts with functional units and assembles these functional units into specific organizations to optimize material performance. An advantage of FUO paradigm is interpretation of physical essence of traditional structure–performance relationships. Experimental achievements based on FUO paradigm abound in recent years, demanding theoretical explanations for further quantitative material design. Following FUO paradigm, here a three‐step model (bond‐region‐structure) of nanotwin (NT) unit and orientation organization to optimize mechanical performance is established. First, anisotropic elasticities of representative bonds and assembled regional elastic constants are evaluated. Second, yield conditions of different regions, which are summarized as critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) criteria of NT structure, are quantified. Third, anisotropic yield strengths of NT structure from the regional elastic constants and CRSS criteria are derived. This FUO‐based model is implemented into InSb, GaAs, and ZnS, predicted elastic constants and yield strengths are validated with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The method is more efficient than MD with comparable accuracy, and is also flexible to combine with density function theory and experiment. This demonstration sets foundation of NT unit and orientation organization design for achieving optimum mechanical performance.
Beneath the Skin: Nanostructure in the Sub‐Oxide Region of Liquid Metal Nanodroplets
Authors: Vaillant Pierre H. A. , Krishnamurthi Vaishnavi , Parker Caiden J. , Kariuki Rashad , Russo Salvy P. , Christofferson Andrew J. , Daeneke Torben , Elbourne Aaron 
Published: October 2023

AbstractLiquid metals (LMs) are emerging as unique fluids for a variety of applications, but their nanoscale solvation properties remain largely understudied. In this work, a combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the structure of the interface between the bulk room temperature liquid metal (RTLM) and the LM oxide in nanodroplet systems of gallium, EGaIn (75.5% gallium, 24.5% indium), and Galinstan (68.5% gallium, 21.5% indium, 10% tin). Field's metal (51% indium, 32.5% bismuth, 16.5% tin) is also investigated, which melts at ≈62 °C, as a contrast to the other systems. AFM measurements reveal distinct sub‐oxide nanostructured layering in all three RTLM systems, and Field's metal above the melting point, to differing degrees. EGaIn and Galinstan show multiple penetration events between 20 and 30 nm, with smaller, less complex events in Ga. MD simulations suggest that this layering is a result of the near‐surface ordering of LM atoms beneath the oxide layer. Importantly, the atoms in this region do not behave as solids but are more ordered than in a pure disordered liquid system. The surface nanostructure elucidated here significantly expands the understanding of LM systems and their behavior at interfaces.
Enhancing the Selectivity and Transparency of the Electron Contact in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells by Phosphorus Catalytic Doping
Authors: Duan Weiyuan , Mains Gilbert , Gebrewold Habtamu Tsegaye , Bittkau Karsten , Lambertz Andreas , Xu Binbin , Lauterbach Volker , Eberst Alexander , Nicholson Nathan , Korte Lars , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Zhang Kai , Yang Qing , Rau Uwe , Ding Kaining 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H(i)) film and a doped silicon film are usually combined in the heterojunction contacts of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. In this work, a post‐doping process called catalytic doping (Cat‐doping) on a‐Si:H(i) is performed on the electron selective side of SHJ solar cells, which enables a device architecture that eliminates the additional deposition of the doped silicon layer. Thus, a single phosphorus Cat‐doping layer combines the functions of two other layers by enabling excellent interface passivation and high carrier selectivity. The overall thinner layer on the window side results in higher spectral response at short wavelengths, leading to an improved short‐circuit current density of 40.31 mA cm−2 and an efficiency of 23.65% (certified). The cell efficiency is currently limited by sputter damage from the subsequent transparent conductive oxide fabrication and low carrier activation in the a‐Si:H(i) with Cat‐doping. Numerical device simulations show that the a‐Si:H(i) with Cat‐doping can provide sufficient field effect passivation even at lower active carrier concentrations compared to the as‐deposited doped layer, due to the lower defect density.
NIR‐Actuated Targeted Janus Nanomotors Remodel Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment for Augmented Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyu , Ma Enhui , Zhang Yingying , Xing Yujuan , Xu Wenbei , Chen Liang , Zhou Hong , Zhang Xinran , Jiang Canran , Xu Kai , Wang Hong , Zheng Shaohui 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) always display immunosuppressive M2 phenotype in the tumor microenvironment to facilitate tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Ibrutinib (IBR), a novel irreversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, has been employed to repolarize the BTK‐overexpressed TAMs from M2 to M1 phenotype to remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the poor solubility of IBR extremely hinders its bioavailability, which results in low tumor accumulation and TAMs uptake in vivo. Herein, NIR laser‐actuated Janus nanomotors are proposed for the effective and deep delivery of IBR to TAMs in solid tumor for targeted immunotherapy. Under NIR irradiation, the Janus nanomotors exhibit efficient photothermal conversion to produce powerful propulsion via self‐thermophoresis with a speed of 12.15 µm s−1. Combined with the salic acid targeting and IBR loading, the nanomotors significantly boost their binding and uptake efficacy by M2‐like macrophages during the active motion, which highly facilitate the reprogramming of M2 to M1 macrophages in vitro. Furtherly, the autonomous motion also validly improves in vivo accumulation and penetration depth in tumors to alter the M1/M2 polarization balance and activate T cells. Overall, the synthesized IC@MSA JNMs would provide a promising strategy for the efficient delivery of immunological agents toward targeted cancer immunotherapy.