bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Nieuwenhuis Jan 
Published: February 2024

The UNICEF report, Life in Lockdown, published in October 2021 claimed that “although there were negative impacts, especially due to social isolation and loss of learning and networks, there were many positive outcomes and perceived opportunities, especially related to quality time with family, online learning, and time for recreation”. From initial research done on the pandemic the use of digital technology during the pandemic provided social connectedness, remote learning opportunities, and a way to cope with isolation and stress. The UNICEF report claims engaging in positive coping strategies, prosocial behaviours and online learning opportunities have been key factors in building children’s resilience during this time. In this issue of PiE the first three articles focus on the impact of COVID-19 on education.
Challenges for an internationalization of higher education from and for the global south
Authors: Leal Fernanda , Finardi Kyria , Abba Julieta 
Published: February 2024

One of the recent developments in the field of internationalization of higher education (IHE) is a greater recognition that, alongside the opportunities offered by this process, there are several political and ethical issues that are complex, contradictory, and contestable (Stein, 2017; Leal, 2020). In this regard, Chiappa and Finardi (2021) claim that even though the process of IHE is usually portrayed as an intrinsically beneficial process, its “darker side” (e.g. Archanjo & Barbosa, 2019) – a reference to Walter Mignolo’s thought on coloniality – hides mechanisms that maintain and reinforce power asymmetries and hierarchies between knowledges and people (Vavrus & Pekol, 2015), accordingly with their positioning within the historical worldsystem (Wallerstein, 2006).
The Green Bank North Celestial Cap Survey. IX. Timing Follow-up for 128 Pulsars
Authors: McEwen A. E. , Swiggum J. K. , Kaplan D. L. , Tan C. M. , Meyers B. W. , Fonseca E. , Agazie G. Y. , Chawla P. , Crowter K. , DeCesar M. E. , Dolch T. , Dong F. A. , Fiore W. , Fonseca E. , Good D. C. , Istrate A. G. , Kaspi V. M. , Kondratiev V. I. , van Leeuwen J. , Levin L. , Lewis E. F. , Lynch R. S. , Masui K. W. , McKee J. W. , McLaughlin M. A. , Al Noori H. , Parent E. , Ransom S. M. , Siemens X. , Spiewak R. , Stairs I. H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Green Bank North Celestial Cap survey is one of the largest and most sensitive searches for pulsars and transient radio objects. Observations for the survey have finished; priorities have shifted toward long-term monitoring of its discoveries. In this study, we have developed a pipeline to handle large data sets of archival observations and connect them to recent, high-cadence observations taken using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment telescope. This pipeline handles data for 128 pulsars and has produced measurements of spin, positional, and orbital parameters that connect data over observation gaps as large as 2000 days. We have also measured glitches in the timing residuals for five of the pulsars included and proper motion for 19 sources (13 new). We include updates to orbital parameters for 19 pulsars, including nine previously unpublished binaries. For two of these binaries, we provide updated measurements of post-Keplerian binary parameters, which result in much more precise estimates of the total masses of both systems. For PSR J0509+3801, the much improved measurement of the Einstein delay yields much improved mass measurements for the pulsar and its companion, 1.399(6) M
⊙ and 1.412(6) M
⊙, respectively. For this system, we have also obtained a measurement of the orbital decay due to the emission of gravitational waves,

P

̇

B

=
−
1.37
(
7
)
×

10

−
12

, which is in agreement with the rate predicted by general relativity for these masses.
Detection of Metal Enrichment by SN 2011jm in NGC 4809
Authors: Gao Yulong , Gu Qiusheng , Zhou Ping , Shi Yong , Li Xiangdong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cosmic metals are believed to originate from stellar and supernovae (SNe) nucleosynthesis, dispersed into the interstellar medium (ISM) through stellar winds and supernova explosions. In this paper, we present the clear evidence of metal enrichment by a Type Ic SN 2011jm in the galaxy NGC 4809, utilizing high spatial resolution integral field unit observations obtained from the Very Large Telescope/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. Despite SN 2011jm being surrounded by metal-deficient ISM (∼0.25 Z
⊙) at a scale about 100 pc, we clearly detect enriched oxygen abundance (∼0.35 Z
⊙) and a noteworthy nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio at the SN site. Remarkably, the metal pollution is confined to a smaller scale (≲13 pc). We posit that the enhanced ionized metal stems from stellar winds emitted by massive stars or previous SN explosions. This observation may represent the first direct detection of chemical pollution by stellar feedback in star-forming galaxies beyond the Local Volume.
The First Robust Evidence Showing a Dark Matter Density Spike Around the Supermassive Black Hole in OJ 287
Authors: Chan Man Ho , Lee Chak Man 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Black hole dynamics suggests that dark matter would redistribute near a supermassive black hole (SMBH) to form a density spike. However, no direct evidence of a dark matter density spike around an SMBH has been identified. In this Letter, we present the first robust evidence showing a dark matter density spike around an SMBH. We revisit the data of the well-known SMBH binary OJ 287 and show that the inclusion of the dynamical friction due to a dark matter density spike around the SMBH can satisfactorily account for the observed orbital decay rate. The derived spike index

γ

sp

=

2.351

−
0.045

+
0.032

gives an excellent agreement with the value γ
sp = 2.333 predicted by the benchmark model assuming an adiabatically growing SMBH. This provides a strong verification of the canonical theory suggested two decades ago modeling the gravitational interaction between collisionless dark matter and SMBHs.
The land snail fauna of Batu Kudik, isolated limestone outcrop near Simunjan, Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo (Mollusca, Gastropoda)
Authors: Lee Jie Ying , Nasir Nurul Syafiqah , Marzuki Mohammad Effendi , Vermeulen Jaap J. , Khalik Mohd Zacaery 
Published: February 2024

The present study provides a checklist of land snails collected from Batu Kudik, a small and isolated limestone outcrop in Simunjan, Sarawak. A total of 24 species of land snails, representing 18 genera and 14 families were recorded, including one newly-described subspecies. The most species-rich of the families in Batu Kudik are Diplommatinidae (17%) and Chronidae (17%) with four recorded species from each of the families. Based on our analysis, Plectostoma wallacei kudikense subsp. nov., Opisthostoma javanica and Georissa pyrrhoderma were identified as the most abundant land snails at this isolated outcrop, whereas Diplommatina onyx and Everettia minuta were recorded as the least abundant. All of the land snails at Batu Kudik were exclusively found sheltered between limestone boulders, underscoring the critical role of this outcrop as their refuge for survival. Consequently, conserving this biodiversity-rich limestone area becomes paramount to prevent the local extinction of these land snail species and possibly other organisms that depend on the unique attributes of the limestone for their survival. We also provide detailed descriptions of Plectostoma wallacei kudikense, a new subspecies of the genus Plectostoma which is endemic to Batu Kudik.
A description of a new subspecies Plectostoma wallacei kudikense subsp. nov.
Ramses 2024
Authors: Tardis Matthieu 
Published: February 2024

L’exil de millions d’Ukrainiens a provoqué un fort mouvement de solidarité de l’UE, des gouvernements, et des sociétés européennes. Mais les mesures provisoires devront se transformer en dispositifs de plus long terme. Et cette solidarité ne pourrait-elle influer sur l’attitude générale des Européens vis-à-vis des migrations ?
Cutting Edge: The Tetraspanin CD53 Promotes CXCR4 Signaling and Bone Marrow Homing in B Cells
Authors: Chakraborty Mousumi , Greenberg Zev J , Dong Qian , Roundy Nate , Bednarski Jeffrey J , Paracatu Luana Chiquetto , Duncavage Eric , Li Weikai , Schuettpelz Laura G 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
B cell trafficking involves the coordinated activity of multiple adhesive and cytokine–receptor interactions, and the players in this process are not fully understood. In this study, we identified the tetraspanin CD53 as a critical regulator of both normal and malignant B cell trafficking. CXCL12 is a key chemokine in B cell homing to the bone marrow and secondary lymphoid organs, and both normal and malignant B cells from Cd53−/− mice have reduced migration toward CXCL12 in vitro, as well as impaired marrow homing in vivo. Using proximity ligation studies, we identified the CXCL12 receptor, CXCR4, as a novel, to our knowledge, CD53 binding partner. This interaction promotes receptor function, because Cd53−/− B cells display reduced signaling and internalization of CXCR4 in response to CXCL12. Together, our data suggest that CD53 interacts with CXCR4 on both normal and malignant B cells to promote CXCL12 signaling, receptor internalization, and marrow homing.
Cytotoxic Programming of CD4+ T Cells Is Regulated by Opposing Actions of the Related Transcription Factors Eos and Aiolos
Authors: Jones Devin M , Tuazon Jasmine A , Read Kaitlin A , Leonard Melissa R , Pokhrel Srijana , Sreekumar Bharath K , Warren Robert T , Yount Jacob S , Collins Patrick L , Oestreich Kenneth J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In contrast to the “helper” activities of most CD4+ T effector subsets, CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4-CTLs) perform functions normally associated with CD8+ T and NK cells. Specifically, CD4-CTLs secrete cytotoxic molecules and directly target and kill compromised cells in an MHC class II–restricted fashion. The functions of these cells have been described in diverse immunological contexts, including their ability to provide protection during antiviral and antitumor responses, as well as being implicated in autoimmunity. Despite their significance to human health, the complete mechanisms that govern their programming remain unclear. In this article, we identify the Ikaros zinc finger transcription factor Eos (Ikzf4) as a positive regulator of CD4-CTL differentiation during murine immune responses against influenza virus infection. We find that the frequency of Eos+ cells is elevated in lung CD4-CTL populations and that the cytotoxic gene program is compromised in Eos-deficient CD4+ T cells. Consequently, we observe a reduced frequency and number of lung-residing, influenza virus–responsive CD4-CTLs in the absence of Eos. Mechanistically, we determine that this is due, at least in part, to reduced expression of IL-2 and IL-15 cytokine receptor subunits on the surface of Eos-deficient CD4+ T cells, both of which support the CD4-CTL program. Finally, we find that Aiolos, a related Ikaros family member and known CD4-CTL antagonist, represses Eos expression by antagonizing STAT5-dependent activation of the Ikzf4 promoter. Collectively, our findings reveal a mechanism wherein Eos and Aiolos act in opposition to regulate cytotoxic programming of CD4+ T cells.
Christene wat Joodse gebruike opneem: Die Hebrew Roots-leerstellings, beoordeel vanuit Handelinge 10:9-29, Handelinge 15:1-35 en Galasiërs 2 en pentekostalistiese hermeneutiek
Authors: Meyfarth Leonie , Nel Marius 
Published: February 2024

Christians taking up Jewish Customs: The Hebrew Roots doctrines evaluated from Acts 10:9–29, Acts 15:1-35, Galatians 2, and Pentecostalist hermeneutics. Numerous Pentecostal and Christian adherents are encountering Hebrew Roots teachings, with a significant global presence, notably in the USA, Israel, Europe, South America, and South Africa. In 2012, the South had a substantial number of adherents. A prominent ministry, 119 ministries, offers an interactive map listing Hebrew Roots ministries worldwide. In South Africa, over 120 such ministries are listed, primarily in Gauteng and the Western Cape. Hebrew Roots proponents claim authenticity by reverting to Jewish and Mosaic roots, advocating adherence to Old Testament precepts, including rituals and customs. This article critically assesses these claims, focusing on key texts such as Acts 10:9-29, Acts 15:1-35, and Galatians 2, in the context of the Mosaic-Hebrew roots movement. This movement argues that non-Jewish Christians should observe the Mosaic laws integral to God’s covenant with Israel. Employing a comparative literature analysis and grammatical-historical exegesis, the study contrasts Pentecostal beliefs with those of the Hebrew Roots movement concerning non-Jewish Christians’ ethical responsibilities regarding the Mosaic laws. The article first outlines the historical evolution of the Hebrew Roots movement, emphasizing its theological foundations. Subsequent sections systematically analyse the scriptural passages, examining their influence on these movements’ doctrines through a Pentecostal hermeneutical lens. One central concern highlighted is the potential for Hebrew Roots teachings to challenge the exclusive role of Christ in salvation by emphasizing adherence to the Old Testament’s legal framework, raising questions about Christ’s divinity.Intradisciplinary/intradisciplinary implications: This research seeks to prompt a critical examination within the field of Dogmatics, specifically with regard to the precise delineation of a Christian’s obligations concerning the Mosaic Law, particularly in the context of the Decalogue.
Tertiary care center experience: An overview of primary mediastinal lymphomas
Authors: Maru Paheli , Brahmbhatt Beena , Vanik Sangita , Kakoty Sneha 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mediastinal lymphoma is uncommon, and only 10% of lymphomas occur primarily in the mediastinum. Very few Indian studies have discussed the frequency, presentation, and diagnostic approach of primary mediastinal lymphomas.

Aims:
This study aims to detail the frequency and histological features of mediastinal lymphomas diagnosed in our Institute, discuss the close differentials, and compare the morphological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) features of primary mediastinal lymphomas.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective observational study.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-nine cases of primary mediastinal lymphomas diagnosed over 5 years using hematoxylin and eosin (H and E)-stained and IHC slides.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistics.

Results and Conclusions:
Forty-five (76%) cases had predominant involvement of the anterior mediastinum; Hodgkin lymphoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma constituted 12 and 47 cases, respectively. T lymphoblastic lymphoma comprises the most common primary mediastinal lymphoma. There is a marked difference between the demographic profiles of cases with primary mediastinal lymphomas in India and worldwide. A meticulous histological examination to direct a limited panel of IHC markers can help arrive at the final diagnosis in settings where molecular and cytogenetic studies are not performed.
Study of Association of Erectile Dysfunction in male subjects with the severity of Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Mehta Priyank Singh , Patra Priyadarshee , Tapasi Santosh 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Alcohol dependence syndrome is a major public health problem, and it impacts the social, psychological, medical, economic, and religious spheres of our existence. Persistent alcohol abuse impacts sexual functioning negatively and leads to the onset of sexual dysfunction.

Aim:
This study was conducted to determine erectile dysfunction in males diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome and its association with the severity of alcohol dependence.

Materials and Methods:
The descriptive, non-interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry in a tertiary care hospital where 78 subjects diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome were assessed for severity of dependence with the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ-C). Erectile dysfunction in these subjects was assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function scale (IIEF) and the severity of the same was correlated with the severity of alcohol dependence.

Results:
The results of our study indicated that erectile dysfunction was common in individuals having alcohol dependence syndrome and its severity was positively correlated with the severity of alcohol dependence. Unidentified sexual dysfunction may perpetuate alcohol dependence with poor response to deaddiction therapy. This information about sexual dysfunction due to alcohol dependence can also be used in motivational counseling of heavy drinkers to provide an impetus for change.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was significantly higher than that of the general population. The same was significantly elevated in patients with severe alcohol dependence as compared to those with mild/moderate alcohol dependence.
Chapter 10: Management of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Thiagarajan Shivakumar , D’Cruz Anil 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a less common form of thyroid cancer with a very poor prognosis. They usually present at an advanced stage and necessitate multimodality treatment. This article was aimed at providing an outline to the management of these highly aggressive malignancies taking into account all available evidence from India and around the world including the latest evidence in the treatment of ATC.
Chapter 4: Surgery for Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancers
Authors: Vaidya Abhishek , Kapre Madan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
A small proportion of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers (DTCs) may present with gross tumor extension outside the thyroid, these constitute the locally advanced thyroid cancers. They often carry worse prognosis in terms of local recurrence and disease free survival. The surgical management of these locally advanced thyroid cancers may be challenging. This narrative review provides an overview of the management strategy of such thyroid cancers.
Obstructive sleep apnoea and nocturnal atrial fibrillation in patients with ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Kuang Silin , Chan Yiong Huak , Wong Serene , Khoo See Meng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias, are independent risk factors of mortality in patients with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). While there is a growing body of evidence that suggests an association between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and cardiac arrhythmias, evidence on this relationship in patients with IHD has been scant and inconsistent. We hypothesised that in patients with IHD, severe OSA is associated with an increased risk of nocturnal arrhythmias.

Methods:
We studied 103 consecutive patients with IHD who underwent an overnight polysomnography. Exposed subjects were defined as patients who had an apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥30/h (severe OSA), and nonexposed subjects were defined as patients who had an AHI <30/h (nonsevere OSA). All electrocardiograms (ECGs) were interpreted by the Somte ECG analysis software and confirmed by a physician blinded to the presence or absence of exposure. Arrhythmias were categorised as supraventricular and ventricular. Arrhythmia subtypes (ventricular, atrial and conduction delay) were analysed as dichotomous outcomes using multiple logistic regression models.

Results:
Atrial fibrillation and AF/flutter (odds ratio 13.5, 95% confidence interval 1.66–109.83; P = 0.003) were found to be more common in the severe OSA group than in the nonsevere OSA group. This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of ventricular and conduction delay arrhythmias between the two groups.

Conclusion:
In patients with IHD, there was a significant association between severe OSA and nocturnal AF/flutter. This underscores the need to evaluate for OSA in patients with IHD, as it may have important implications on clinical outcomes.
Approach to difficult-to-treat asthma in childhood: a narrative review
Authors: Cheng Duo-Tong , Wee Liang Yi Justin , Teoh Oon Hoe , Thomas Biju 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Asthma is a major chronic disease affecting children, and children with difficult-to-treat asthma account for a disproportionate share of resource utilisation and healthcare costs. This review presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the treatment strategies in difficult-to-treat paediatric asthma. Mimickers of asthma must first be ruled out, and the diagnosis confirmed with objective tests whenever possible. The effect of comorbid conditions such as obesity, smoking, other atopic conditions and psychosocial factors on asthma control and severity should be considered. Treatment can then be optimised by implementing personalised strategies, including the use of appropriate drug delivery devices and adherence monitoring. Biologics can be an alternative treatment option for selected patients but should not be a substitute for addressing poor adherence. Many patients with difficult-to-treat asthma may not have severe asthma, and the physician should work with patients and families to achieve good asthma control via an individualised approach.
The four operations on perverse motives
Authors: Ivorra Florian , Morel Sophie 
Published: February 2024

Let

k

be a field of characteristic zero with a fixed embedding

\sigma:k\hookrightarrow \mathbf{C}

into the field of complex numbers. Given a

k

-variety

X

, we use the triangulated category of étale motives with rational coefficients on

X

to construct an abelian category

\mathscr{M}(X)

of perverse mixed motives. We show that over

\mathop{\mathrm{Spec}}(k)

the category obtained is canonically equivalent to the usual category of Nori motives and that the derived categories

\mathrm{D}^{\mathrm{b}}(\mathscr{M}(X))

are equipped with the four operations of Grothendieck (for morphisms of quasi-projective

k

-varieties) as well as nearby and vanishing cycles functors and a formalism of weights. In particular, as an application, we show that many classical constructions done with perverse sheaves, such as intersection cohomology groups or Leray spectral sequences, are motivic and therefore compatible with Hodge theory. This recovers and strengthens work by Zucker, Saito, Arapura and de Cataldo–Migliorini and provides an arithmetic proof of the pureness of intersection cohomology with coefficients in a geometric variation of Hodge structures.