bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycotic Aneurysms: Uncommon Pathogens and Treatment Conundrums
Authors: Ravindra Akshatha , Naguthevar Santhanam , Kumar Deepak , Rajagopal Rengarajan , Khera Pushpinder Singh , Tak Vibhor , Ramankutty Neetha Thayil , Meena Durga Shankar , Midha Naresh , Bohra Gopal Krishana , Garg Mahendra Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Mycotic aneurysms, characterized by vessel wall dilation resulting from infections including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, are a rare yet severe consequence of systemic infections.These aneurysms, accounting for 0.6% of Western countries' aneurysms, carry a higher risk of rupture compared to uninfected conditions. While the femoral artery, aorta, and intracranial visceral arteries are commonly affected, pathogens causing mycotic aneurysms vary across regions. Diagnostic challenges arise from nonspecific symptoms such as fever, pulsatile mass, local discomfort, and arterial inflammation.

Materials & Methods:
The case series involves three patients diagnosed with mycotic aneurysms due to unusual pathogens. We describe each patient's clinical presentation, medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory results, imaging studies, and the diagnostic process leading to the identification of the causative pathogens.

Results

The first case depicts a 70-year-old male with a ruptured infra-renal abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm caused by Salmonella Paratyphi A. The second case involves a 66-year-old male with a Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated descending thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm. The third case pertains to a 70-year-old male with a ruptured descending thoracic aortic aneurysm into the esophagus due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Each case highlights unique clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging results, and the management approaches undertaken.

Conclusion

Mycotic aneurysms, stemming from infections involving diverse pathogens, pose diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific symptoms. Early identification and intervention are essential to mitigate the severe complications associated with these aneurysms. The presented cases underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management, ensuring optimal outcomes for patients affected by mycotic aneurysms.
Mimicking the breast metastatic microenvironment: characterization of a novel syngeneic model of HER2+breast cancer
Authors: Baugh Aaron G. , Gonzalez Edgar , Narumi Valerie H. , Kreger Jesse , Liu Yingtong , Rafie Christine , Castanon Sofi , Jang Julie , Kagohara Luciane T. , Anastasiadou Dimitra P. , Leatherman James , Armstrong Todd D. , Chan Isaac , Karagiannis George S. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. , MacLean Adam , Roussos Torres Evanthia T. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACTPreclinical murine models in which primary tumors spontaneously metastasize to distant organs are valuable tools to study metastatic progression and novel cancer treatment combinations. Here, we characterize a novel syngeneic murine breast tumor cell line, NT2.5-lung metastasis (- LM), that provides a model of spontaneously metastatic neu-expressing breast cancer with quicker onset of widespread metastases after orthotopic mammary implantation in immune-competent NeuN mice. Within one week of orthotopic implantation of NT2.5-LM in NeuN mice, distant metastases can be observed in the lungs. Within four weeks, metastases are also observed in the bones, spleen, colon, and liver. Metastases are rapidly growing, proliferative, and responsive to HER2-directed therapy. We demonstrate altered expression of markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enrichment in EMT-regulating pathways, suggestive of their enhanced metastatic potential. The new NT2.5-LM model provides more rapid and spontaneous development of widespread metastases. Besides investigating mechanisms of metastatic progression, this new model may be used for the rationalized development of novel therapeutic interventions and assessment of therapeutic responses targeting distant visceral metastasesSUMMARY STATEMENTWe characterize a new syngeneic, immune-competent murine model of breast cancer (NT2.5-LM) that yields rapid and widespread metastases, preserves spontaneous metastasis, and provides a model for studying novel therapeutic interventions.
Hydrodynamic function of genal prolongations in trinucleimorph trilobites revealed by computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Pates Stephen , Drage Harriet B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTrilobites, a diverse clade of Palaeozoic arthropods, repeatedly converged on the ‘trinucleimorph’ morphology. Trinucleimorphs possessed vaulted cephala with a broad anterior fringe and prominent posteriorly orientated genal prolongations. Various functional hypotheses have been proposed for the fringe, however the possible function of the genal prolongations has received less attention. Here we use a computational fluid dynamics approach to test whether these prolongations served a hydrodynamic function: generating negative lift to allow trinucleimorphs to remain in place on the seafloor and prevent overturning within fast flowing water. We simulated the performance of cephala with broad, narrow, and absent genal prolongations in a benthic environment with flow speeds ranging from 0.05–0.5 m s−1, in two cephalic postures. The first posture had the anterior of the cephalon parallel to the seafloor, while for the second the genal prolongations were parallel to the seafloor. Posture and presence of genal prolongations were found to be important for generating negative lift, with performance improving under faster flow speeds. No significant difference between narrow and broad genal prolongations was detected. This study provides support for genal prolongations serving a hydrodynamic function, similar to the femurs of some insect larvae, however, it does not preclude prolongations also serving additional functions as ‘snowshoes’ or antipredatory deterrents.
Medical Marijuana Had No Impact on Amphetamine Prescribing in Medicaid
Authors: Williams Errien M. , Camara Mariam , Goldhirsh Jessica L. , Piper Brian J. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDue to the uncertainty of the health effects medical marijuana poses, states differ in their medical marijuana laws (MML). Long-term effects of marijuana are found to be like attention-deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD). With amphetamines being prescribed to treat ADHD symptoms we hypothesized that amphetamine prescriptions would increase in states implementing MML. The number of amphetamine prescriptions filled quarterly for each state from 2006 to 2021 were calculated. States with MML and dispensaries opened before 2020 were examined and states with no MML laws were the control. Prism was utilized to visualize the data and conduct four t-tests between the pre and post of MML+ versus MML-states. Three MML+ states were excluded due to limited post-MML data. Among the remaining states, 31 were MML+ and 17 were MML-. No significant differences were found in amphetamine prescribing (p > 0.30). Medical marijuana legalization did not have a statistically significant impact on amphetamine prescribing in Medicaid patients during the analyzed period. Contrary to the hypothesis, the results revealed a non-significant decrease in prescriptions in MML+ states. Further research with recreational cannabis laws or with electronic health records is warranted.
Single-use, Metabolite Absorbing, Resonant Transducer (SMART) culture vessels for label-free, continuous cell culture progression monitoring
Authors: Chan Yee Jher , Dileep Dhananjay , Rothstein Samuel M. , Cochran Eric W. , Reuel Nigel F. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSecreted metabolites are an important class of bio-process analytical technology (PAT) targets that can correlate to cell condition. However, current strategies for measuring metabolites are limited to discrete measurements, resulting in limited understanding and ability for feedback control strategies. Herein, we demonstrated a continuous metabolite monitoring strategy using a single-use metabolite absorbing resonant transducer (SMART) to correlate with cell growth. Polyacrylate was shown to absorb secreted metabolites from living cells containing hydroxyl and alkenyl groups such as terpenoids, that act as a plasticizer. Upon softening, the polyacrylate irreversibly conformed into engineered voids above a resonant sensor, changing the local permittivity which is interrogated, contact-free, with a vector network analyzer. Compared to sensing using the intrinsic permittivity of cells, the SMART approach yields a 20-fold improvement in sensitivity. Tracking growth of many cell types such as Chinese hamster ovary, HEK293, K562, HeLa, andE. colicells as well as perturbations in cell proliferation during drug screening assays were demonstrated. The sensor was benchmarked to show continuous measurement over six days, ability to track different growth conditions, selectivity to transducing active cell growth metabolites against other components found in the media, and feasibility to scale out for high throughput campaigns.
Thermal tolerance traits of individual corals are widely distributed across the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Denis Hugo , Bay Line K , Mocellin Véonique J.L , Naugle Melissa S , Lecellier Gaël , Purcell Steven W , Berteaux-Lecellier Véronique , Howells Emily J 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAdaptation of reef-building corals to global warming depends upon standing heritable variation in tolerance traits upon which selection can act. Yet limited knowledge exists on heat tolerance variation among conspecific individuals separated by meters to hundreds of kilometers. Here, we performed standardized acute heat stress assays to quantify the thermal tolerance traits of 768 colonies ofAcropora spathulatafrom 14 reefs spanning 1060 km (9.5° latitude) of the Great Barrier Reef. Thermal thresholds for photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll retention varied considerably among individual colonies both among reefs (∼6 °C) and within reefs (∼3 °C). Although tolerance rankings of colonies varied between traits, the most heat tolerant corals (i.e. top 25% of each trait) were found at virtually all reefs, indicating widespread phenotypic variation. Reef-scale environmental predictors explained 12–62% of trait variation. Corals exposed to high thermal averages and recent thermal stress exhibited the greatest photochemical performance, likely reflecting local adaptation and stress pre-acclimatization, and the lowest chlorophyll retention suggesting stress pre- sensitization. Importantly, heat tolerance relative to local summer temperatures was the greatest on southern reefs suggestive of higher adaptive potential. These results can be used to identify naturally tolerant coral populations and individuals for conservation and restoration applications.
LHX2 regulates dendritic morphogenesis in layer II/III of the neocortex via distinct pathways in progenitors and postmitotic neurons
Authors: Bose Mahima , Ravindran Sreenath , Kumari Sanjna , Srivastava Achintya , Iyer Archana , Vedak Binita , Talwar Ishita , Narayanan Rishikesh , Tole Shubha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the mammalian neocortex, excitatory neurons that send projections via the corpus callosum are critical to integrating information across the two brain hemispheres. The molecular mechanisms governing the development of the dendritic arbours and spines of these callosal neurons are poorly understood, yet these features are critical to their physiological properties. LIM Homeodomain 2 (Lhx2), a regulator of fundamental processes in cortical development, is expressed in postmitotic callosal neurons occupying layer II/III of the neocortex and also in their progenitors residing in the embryonic day (E) 15.5 ventricular zone of the mouse neocortex. We tested whether this factor is essential for dendritic arbour configuration and spine morphogenesis of layer II/III neurons. Here, we report loss ofLhx2,either in postmitotic layer II/III neurons or their progenitors, resulted in shrunken dendritic arbours and perturbed spine morphology. The defects were more pronounced uponLhx2disruption in progenitors, and were recapitulated when this was driven exclusively in basal progenitors. In postmitotic neurons, LHX2 regulates dendritic and spine morphogenesis via the canonical Wnt /β Catenin signalling pathway. Constitutive activation of this pathway in postmitotic neurons mimics theLhx2loss-of-function phenotype. In E15.5 progenitors, LHX2 acts in part via bHLH transcription factor NEUROG2 to regulate dendritic morphogenesis. We demonstrate that loss ofLhx2causes a massive increase inNeurog2expression, and thatNeurog2knockdown partially rescues the loss ofLhx2phenotype. Our study uncovers novel LHX2 functions consistent with its temporally dynamic and diverse roles in development.TeaserThe mature architecture of a neuron is shaped by distinct genetic mechanisms that act in its mother cell and after it is born.
Orientation-dependent two-dimensional magnonic crystal modes in an ultralow-damping ferrimagnetic waveguide containing repositioned hexagonal lattices of
Cu
disks
Authors: Mori Kanta , Koguchi Takumi , Watanabe Toshiaki , Yoshihara Yuki , Miyashita Hibiki , Grundler Dirk , Inoue Mitsuteru , Ishiyama Kazushi , Goto Taichi 
Published: January 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal lattices of Cu disks are shown to induce orientation-dependent magnonic crystal (MC) modes for propagating forward volume spin waves in a single-crystal yttrium iron garnet (YIG) film. The width and depth of the magnonic band gaps are 0.022 GHz and –15.2 dB at the frequency of 1.815 GHz. Integrating differently oriented lattices on the same YIG film and positioning them between the microwave antenna surrounded by magnon absorbers consisting of Au films, we clearly resolve a characteristic frequency shift of the magnonic band gap by altering the incident angle of the spin waves to the 2D MC. The shift amounts to approximately 10 MHz when the incident angle is changed between 10° and 30°. The obtained results show a good agreement with calculations using the finite integration technique and are a step toward complete band-gap investigations in YIG of ultralow spin-wave damping.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Decoding 122-type iron-based superconductors: A comprehensive simulation of phase diagrams and transition temperatures
Authors: Wong Chi Ho , Lortz Rolf 
Published: January 2024

Iron-based superconductors, a cornerstone of low-temperature physics, have been the subject of numerous theoretical models aimed at deciphering their complex behavior. In this study, we present a comprehensive approach that amalgamates several existing models and incorporates experimental data to simulate the superconducting phase diagrams of the principal “122-type” iron-based compounds. Our model considers a multitude of factors including the momentum dependence of the superconducting gap, spin-orbital coupling, antiferromagnetism, spin-density wave, induced XY potential on the tetrahedral structure, and electron-phonon coupling. We have refined the electron-phonon scattering matrix using experimental angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data, ensuring that relevant electrons pertinent to iron-based superconductivity are accounted for. This innovative approach allows us to calculate theoretical critical temperature (Tc) values for Ba1−xKxFe2As2, CaFe2As2, and SrFe2As2 as functions of pressure. These calculated values exhibit remarkable agreement with experimental findings. Furthermore, our model predicts that MgFe2As2 remains nonsuperconducting irrespective of the applied pressure. Given that 122-type superconductivity at low pressure or low doping concentration has been experimentally validated, our work serves as a powerful predictive tool for generating superconducting phase diagrams at high pressure empirically. This study underscores that the high transition temperatures and the precise doping and pressure dependence of iron-based superconductors are intrinsically linked to an intertwined mechanism involving a strong interplay between structural, magnetic, and electronic degrees of freedom.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
The role of intellectual and social capital in funding businesses: a cross-country analysis
Authors: Mongrut Samuel , Berggrun Luis , Cortez Alejandro Klender , Rodríguez García Martha del Pilar 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThe study aims to examine the impact of intellectual and social capital in funding businesses.Design/methodology/approachThe study made use of fixed-effects panel data models with a sample of 142 countries from the five continents during the period 1998–2018.FindingsIt was found that human capital (HC), relational capital, structural capital and social capital play a role in investors’ decisions to fund a business. The study revealed that investors’ funding decisions in low human development index countries are based mainly on education, while those in high human development index countries are based mainly on the creativity component of HC and on relational, structural and social capital.Research limitations/implications The study needs to be replicated using firm-level data within each country. Moreover, the search for new proxies for intellectual and social capital (although the list of variables is exhaustive) both at the country and firm level, constitutes an interesting avenue for future research.Practical implicationsCountries should pay attention to intellectual and social capital to encourage business activity. In particular, low human development countries should strengthen HC, such as the school enrollment rate, with early entrepreneurial training and increase research and development investments, while high human development countries should continue to foster strategic alliances, protect intellectual property and maintain or increase the level of trust in the country.Originality/valueThe study contributes to literature by being the first to explore such a variety of intellectual and social capital variables from a country-level perspective.
Racelighting Black, Indigenous and People of Color in education: a conceptual framework
Authors: Wood J. Luke , Harris III Frank 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis article provides an overviews of the concept of racelighting. Racelighting is “is an act of psychological manipulation where Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) receive racial messages that lead them to second-guess their lived experiences with racism”Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper articulates four primary ways that racelighting manifests in the lives and experiences of Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC).FindingsThere are four common messages that often lead to racelighting: stereotype advancement, resistive actions, inauthentic allyship and misrepresenting the past.Originality/valueWhile much has been written about gaslighting, few frameworks articulate how gaslighting occurs in a racialized context.
Developing entrepreneurial resilience from uncertainty as usual: a learning theory approach on readiness, response and opportunity
Authors: Kromidha Endrit , Bachtiar Nia Kurniati 
Published: January 2024

PurposeThis study explores resilience learning from uncertainty, taking a holistic view by considering individual, firm and contextual factors. Resilience development is understood by focusing on how uncertainty is related to entrepreneurs and their environment, suggesting that developing resilience needs to be a continuous learning process.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study explores factors related to entrepreneurial uncertainty, resilience and learning. Evidence is drawn from interviews with rural entrepreneurs in two regions of Indonesia, and analyzed using a rigorous approach to generate codes, second-order themes and aggregate dimensions for the theoretical contributions.FindingsUncertainty readiness, uncertainty response and uncertainty opportunity for resilience emerge as the key learning areas from this study. They are related to resilience on a personal, community and systemic level. The proposed framework relates learning from uncertainty to the process of developing resilience for entrepreneurs and their communities.Originality/valueThis study proposes a framework based on resilience motivation and learning from uncertainty as usual. It explores the relationships between uncertainty readiness, responses and opportunities with personal, relational and systemic resilience factors. This contributes to entrepreneurship behavior research at the intersection of organization studies and management in the socio-economic and often informal context of developing countries.
From business incubator to crucible: a new perspective on entrepreneurial support
Authors: Valliere Dave , Nicholls-Nixon Charlene L. 
Published: January 2024

PurposeAlthough business incubators are a widely recognized form of entrepreneurial support, this paper aims to challenge the assumption that incubation is necessarily beneficial for early-stage entrepreneurs, and considers cases where, due to variability in the motives and behaviours of entrepreneurs, incubation may be unwarranted or even undesireable.Design/methodology/approachThis study presents a theoretically derived typology of incubated entrepreneurs, based on their entrepreneurial competence and capacity for learning, which asserts that incubation may be unwarranted or even undesireable for three of the four proposed entrepreneur types. Qualitative data from interviews with entrepreneurs and managing directors from 10 business incubators is used to illustrate the existence of these types.FindingsThe data provides evidence of entrepreneurial types whose incubation may be counterproductive to the goals and objectives of their host incubators.Practical implicationsImplications for incubator management (intake screening and ongoing monitoring of portfolio) are developed and aimed at improving the outcomes of business incubation for stakeholders.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the incubation typology literature by challenging a widely held assumption that entrepreneurs have the potential to benefit from incubation and by reconceptualizing incubators as “crucibles” that perform a critical function in distinguishing high-potential entrepreneurs.