bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life and physical well-being among a 63-year-old cohort of women with androgenetic alopecia; a Finnish population-based study
Authors: Hirsso Päivi , Rajala Ulla , Laakso Mauri , Hiltunen Liisa , Härkönen Pirjo , Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka 
Published: August 2005

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to assess the possible associations between female androgenetic alopecia (AGA), insulin resistance and health-related quality of life (HRQOL)-linked factors in women. We hypothesized that not only the mental aspects but also certain physical aspect of women's health, such as insulin resistance, have an important role in the determination of HRQOL among women with hair loss.

Methods
A population-based cohort of 330 healthy women aged 63 years, who participated in this study in the City of Oulu in Northern Finland, underwent a medical check-up including assessment of hair status on Ludwig's scale. Background data were collected with a standard questionnaire including a validated RAND 36-Item Health Survey (RAND-36) questionnaire.

Results
105 (31%) women with AGA and 225 (69%) controls completed the RAND-36 questionnaire. The women with AGA were more insulin-resistant than the women with normal hair (QUICKI 0.337 vs. 0.346, p = 0.012). Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) was more prevalent among the former than the latter group (39% vs. 25%). The mean RAND-36 scores were significantly lower on the dimensions of physical functioning, role limitation due to physical health and general health, but not on the mental or social dimensions, among the women with AGA compared with the controls. In multivariate logistic regression analyses with the lowest quintiles of the HRQOL dimensions as the dependent variables and AGA, depression, marital status, education and IGR or QUICKI as independent variables, AGA was independently associated with role limitations due to physical health (2.2, 95% CI 1.20–4.05, 2.45 95% CI 1.32–4.55, respectively).

Conclusion
In women aged 63 years, AGA was associated with role limitations due to physical health. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of IGR and insulin resistance measured by QUICKI were higher among the women with hair loss than those with normal hair.
A Bayesian approach to randomized controlled trials in children utilizing information from adults: the case of Guillain-Barre
Authors: Goodman Steven N , Sladky John T 
Published: August 2005

Background Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare neurologic disease that occurs at all ages, causing a progressive, ascending paralysis that usually resolves over weeks or months. The disease appears to be identical in children and adults, except that children recover more quickly, with fewer residua. For patients who lose the ability to walk independently, the main treatment options are plasmapheresis or intravenous immune globulin (IVIg), treatments that have shown to have identical effectiveness in adults in two large RCTs involving 388 patients. The effectiveness of the treatments in children has only been studied in small, poorly controlled studies. If one could capture all eligible patients in the United States, only about 100–300 children would be available for a trial annually. Methods The goal of this case was to demonstrate how Bayesian methods could be used to incorporate prior information on treatment efficacy from adults to design a randomized noninferiority trial of IVIg versus plasmapheresis in children. A Bayesian normal–normal model on the hazard ratio of time to independent walking was implemented. Results An evidence-based prior was constructed that was equivalent to 72 children showing exact equivalence between the therapies. A design was constructed based on a Bayesian normal–normal model on the hazard ratio, yielding a sample size of 160 children, with a preposterior analysis demonstrating a “Type I” error rate of 5% and a power of 77%. Conclusions This case study illustrates a rational approach to constructing an evidence-based prior that would allow information from adults to formally augment data from children to minimize unnecessary pediatric experimentation. The frequentist properties of a Bayesian design can be evaluated and reported as they would be for a standard design. Discussion of the appropriate prior for such designs is both a necessary and desirable feature of Bayesian trials.
Role of PECAM-1 in the shear-stress-induced activation of Akt and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells
Authors: Fleming Ingrid , Fisslthaler Beate , Dixit Madhulika , Busse Rudi 
Published: August 2005

The application of fluid shear stress to endothelial cells elicits the formation of nitric oxide (NO) and phosphorylation of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Shear stress also elicits the enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of endothelial proteins, especially of those situated in the vicinity of cell-cell contacts. Since a major constituent of these endothelial cell-cell contacts is the platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) we assessed the role of PECAM-1 in the activation of eNOS.In human endothelial cells, shear stress induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1 and enhanced the association of PECAM-1 with eNOS. Endothelial cell stimulation with shear stress elicited the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS as well as of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). While the shear-stress-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1 as well as the serine phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS were abolished by the pre-treatment of cells with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PP1 the phosphorylation of AMPK was unaffected. Down-regulation of PECAM-1 using a siRNA approach attenuated the shear-stress-induced phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS, as well as the shear-stress-induced accumulation of cyclic GMP levels while the shear-stress-induced phosphorylation of AMPK remained intact. A comparable attenuation of Akt and eNOS (but not AMPK) phosphorylation and NO production was also observed in endothelial cells generated from PECAM-1-deficient mice.These data indicate that the shear-stress-induced activation of Akt and eNOS in endothelial cells is modulated by the tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1 whereas the shear-stress-induced phosphorylation of AMPK is controlled by an alternative signaling pathway.
Meso and Racemic Isomers of a New S-Bridged Diruthenium(II) Complex with Pendant Aminoalkyl Groups
Authors: Matsuura Noriyuki , Igashira-Kamiyama Asako , Kawamoto Tatsuya , Konno Takumi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
A diruthenium(II) complex, [{Ru(bpy)2}2(μ-Haet)2]4+ ([1]4+, Haet = −SCH2CH2NH3+), which consists of two cis-[Ru(bpy)2]2+ units bridged by two thiolato groups, was newly prepared and separated into meso and racemic isomers. The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of [1]4+, together with the crystal structure of its meso isomer, are reported.
Odorant Binding to Bovine Odorant Binding Protein Detected by Intrinsic Fluorescence
Authors: Ikematsu Mineo , Takaoka Daizo , Yasuda Masashi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Odorant binding to bovine odorant binding protein (OBPb) made OBPb structure a little tighter and odorant detection by intrinsic fluorescence possible. For odorant with high affinity such as 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol (DMO), the binding reaction proceeded in a two-step manner that inferred an existence of a third binding site.
Co–WS2 Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts: An Unexpected More Favorable Combination than Co–MoS2
Authors: Okamoto Yasuaki , Kato Akira , Usman  , Sato Kenji , Kubota Takeshi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
The specific activity of the Co–W–S phase, formed on WS2/SiO2 (presulfided above 973 K) by a CVD technique using Co(CO)3NO, was 1.6 times as high as that of the Co–Mo–S phase formed on MoS2/SiO2 (above 873 K) for the hydrodesulfurization of thiophene, demonstrating, for the first time, that in sharp contrast to general belief, Co–WS2 is a much more favorable combination for the generation of catalytic synergy than Co–MoS2, which has been widely used in industry.
A Facile Preparation of 2-Amino-1,3-selenazoles by Reactions of N,N-Unsubstituted Selenoureas with Chloroacetonitrile
Authors: Koketsu Mamoru , Tanaka Hidenori , Ishihara Hideharu 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Reactions of N,N-unsubstituted selenoureas 1 with chloroacetonitrile 2 was investigated. When anhydrous solvent was used, the reaction gave cyanomethyl 1-piperidinoselenocarboimidate hydrochloride 3. The reaction in solvent including water yielded 2-amino-4,5-dihydro-1,3-selenazol-4-iminium chlorides 4 in moderate to high yields.
Low-Temperature Refluxing Synthesis of Nanosized LiMn2O4 Cathode Materials
Authors: Zhou Fu , Zhao Xuemei , Zheng Huagui , Shen Tao , Tang Chenming 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Nanosized spinel LiMn2O4 particles were synthesized from Na-birnessite precursor by a LiBr refluxing method in hexanol at temperature as low as 80 °C. TEM tests showed that the average crystallite size is about 50 nm with a fairly narrow size-distribution. The electrochemical experiments showed that after post-treatment under vacuum, the initial discharge capacity of the as-prepared spinels could reach 125 mAh g−1 with good cycleability.
Globular Self-aggregates Formed with a Urea-functionalized Resorcinarene Derivative in Chloroform
Authors: Hayashida Osamu , Matsumoto Shinji , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
Globular self-aggregates were formed with a resorcinarene derivative having eight N,N′-dialkylurea side-chains, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering and negative-staining transmission electron microscopy. The resulting aggregates were found to bind anions such as chloride and bromide in chloroform.
Synthesis of Ferromagnetic CsCuCr Prussian Blue Analogue with a Tetragonal Structure
Authors: Kosaka Wataru , Ishihara Tohru , Yashiro Hisashi , Taniguchi Yayoi , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Ohkoshi Shin-ichi 
Published: August 2005

Abstract
We report a crystal structure, bond lengths, and magnetic properties of a Prussian blue analogue, CsCu[Cr(CN)6]·2.1H2O. This compound has a tetragonal structure (), which is caused by the strong cooperativity due to the Jahn–Teller effect of CuII and shows ferromagnetism with Curie temperature of 65 K.
Kinetic and thermodynamic investigations of strontium ions retention by natural kaolinite and clinoptilolite minerals
Authors: Akar D. , Shahwan T. , Eroglu A. E. 
Published: August 2005

SummaryThe current study was devoted to the determination of various thermodynamic and kinetic parameters resulting from the fixation of Sr2+by natural samples of kaolinite and clinoptilolite minerals. The sorption process followed pseudo second order kinetics, with faster sorption on kaolinite compared to clinoptilolite, where the uptake is affected by intraparticle diffusion. Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models described the data more adequately than Langmuir model, and clinoptilolite showed a higher strontium sorption capacity than kaolinite. Thermodynamically, the activation energy of Sr2+sorption by kaolinite and clinoptilolite were respectively, −8.5 and −18.4 kJ/mol. The sorption process on both minerals was spontaneous and endothermic at all the studied concentrations, with ΔH° being 11.3 and 9.8 kJ/mol, for sorption on kaolinite and clinoptilolite, respectively. The findings of this study were compared with those of an earlier study on the uptake of Cs+by the same minerals.
Disorderly development: Globalization and the idea of “culture” in the Kalahari
Authors: Sylvain Renée 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTThe San (Bushmen) of southern Africa are currently engaged in global activism and local struggles for rights as indigenous people. As their identity becomes globalized, the San are encouraged to promote a stereotypical image of themselves as isolated, pristine primitives. In this article, I argue that primordial expressions of San identity reflect the globalization of an essentialist idea of culture. I examine how this idea of culture is instrumentalized in local contexts of disorder and corruption. Finally, I outline how disorder and primordialism combine to sustain systems of inequality for an underclass of farm San in the Omaheke Region of Namibia.
The birth of the “salon”: Poverty, “modernization,” and dealing with witchcraft in southern Tanzania
Authors: Green Maia , Mesaki Simeon 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTIn this article, we explore the social process of modernization through an examination of the transformation in the delivery of antiwitchcraft services that has occurred in southern Tanzania under the pervasive influence of transnational ideoscapes of market liberalization and public‐sector reform. We argue that the anthropological association of witchcraft with the modern in Africa overlooks witchcraft's explicitly unmodern associations in popular discourse and state policy. These latter associations contrast with the practice of antiwitchcraft specialists who seek to enable the realization of modernity both through dealing with witchcraft and through the self‐conscious adoption of specifically modernizing practices.
Copyright in context: Carvings, carvers, and commodities in Vanuatu
Authors: Geismar Haidy 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTMuch of the anthropology of indigenous copyright and other forms of intellectual property focuses on the ways in which indigenous understandings of reproductive entitlement diverge from the Euro‐American or Western property values perceived to be enshrined within national and international legislation. I argue that in Vanuatu, local chiefs and carvers have successfully merged international and indigenous reckonings of entitlement within their understanding of copyright, simultaneously capitalizing on and blurring commonly understood conceptual, economic, and sociopolitical divides. When the people of Vanuatu are asked what copyright is, they invariably refer to the carvings and carvers involved in the ritual hierarchies of entitlement of the region of North Ambrym. I take this locally drawn analogy as my starting point to argue that concepts of “copyright,” and, indeed, copyright legislation and enforcement, may be mutually constituted between spheres of exchange and understandings of entitlement, as much from the bottom up as from the top down.
Disparate markets: Language, nation, and education in North India
Authors: LaDousa Chaise 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTIn this article, I explore the ideological underpinnings of the Indian government's language policies in the school setting, and I investigate why they fail to be compelling to residents of Banaras, a city in North India. The multiple language markets that exist in India are incommensurate and subvert the government's language policies in multiple ways. By exploring the uneven quality of these markets, this article illustrates the especially complicated dilemmas in which postcolonial nation‐states are implicated.
To be happy in a Mercedes: Tropes of value and ambivalent visions of marketization
Authors: Patico Jennifer 
Published: August 2005

ABSTRACTThe disintegration of Soviet social contracts has provoked, for many Russians, a continuing deliberation over the tense interrelation between material embodiments of value (wealth and commodities) and moral ones (respectability, education, and kindness). By contrast with previous anthropological tendencies to locate value production primarily within exchange transactions, in this article I identify two historically specific tropes of value (“culturedness” and “civilization”) and show how their articulation illuminates positioned experiences of large‐scale change and social displacement. From the particular vantage point of St. Petersburg schoolteachers, I consider everyday deliberations about value and social difference as they take form within both local and global frames of reference, examining how these two contexts frequently produce divergent—but only seemingly contradictory—visions of marketization, its desirability, and its sociomoral significance.
Telemann in the Marketplace: The Composer as Self-Publisher
Authors: ZOHN STEVEN 
Published: August 2005

AbstractThis article tells the story of a self-publishing business maintained by Georg Philipp Telemann in Frankfurt and Hamburg from 1715 through the late 1730s, a remarkable venture that illuminates much about music commerce during the early eighteenth century. At a time in Germany when conditions were generally unfavorable for the publishing of music, Telemann issued forty-six entirely new editions of his own works. Not only did he solicit subscribers to his publications and set up a network of agents across Europe (anticipating the activities of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach a half century later), but he also did much, if not all, of the engraving himself and pioneered the use of pewter plates and punches in Germany. A recently discovered supplement to the subscriber list printed with the Nouveaux quatuors (Paris, 1738) enriches our knowledge of Telemann's audience, while a close examination of his engraving practices provides evidence for a redating of the well-known Hamburg collection Essercizii musici. Despite the continuing success of his Selbstverlag, Telemann suddenly dissolved the business in 1740 with the sale of his entire stock of engraved plates, a move that seems to have been motivated in part by his aspirations as a music theorist.
Quantitative Elastic‐Property Measurements at the Nanoscale with Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy
Authors: Hurley D. C. , Kopycinska‐Müller M. , Kos A. B. , Geiss R. H. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe are developing metrology for rapid, quantitative assessment of elastic properties with nanoscale spatial resolution. Atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) methods enable measurements of modulus at either a single point or as a map of local property variations. The information obtained furthers our understanding of nanopatterned surfaces, thin films, and nanoscale structures.
Interpenetrating‐Lattice‐Structured Magnets Exhibiting Anomalous Magnetic Properties
Authors: Miller J. S. , Vos T. E. , Shum W. W. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractCubic [Ru2(O2CMe)4]3[Cr(CN)6] prepared from water has two interpenetrating lattices and exhibits anomalous magnetic hysteresis, saturation magnetization, out‐of‐phase alternating current (AC) susceptibility, χ″(T), and zero‐field‐cooled/field‐cooled temperature‐dependent magnetization data with respect to either the material prepared from acetonitrile or the layered two‐dimensional (2D) [Ru2(O2CBut)4]3[Cr(CN)6] · 2 H2O prepared from water. These unexpected properties are attributed to the presence of the interpenetrating lattices and reveal that, albeit uncommon, interpenetrating‐lattice‐structured materials can stabilize new cooperative magnetic behavior.
Social organization of the Milne‐Edward's potto
Authors: Pimley Elizabeth R. , Bearder Simon K. , Dixson Alan F. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractNocturnal prosimian primates are often seen alone during their nocturnal activities, and are therefore categorized as “solitary”. Recent research has shown that these animals actually possess social networks that differ among species. Here we present new information on one of the lesser studied prosimian primates, the potto, derived from fieldwork in Cameroon that employed radiotelemetry and behavioral observations. An analysis of association patterns and home‐range overlaps between animals revealed that pottos associated more frequently with conspecifics than expected for a supposedly solitary primate. Certain males and females that were seen together regularly throughout the study, but were not observed to have contact with other pottos of the opposite sex, were labeled as “pairs”. These pairs were found to have higher levels of association with each other than with other conspecifics. The only affiliative and sexual behaviors observed between members of the opposite sex occurred within the pairs of pottos. Although given the secretive nature of these primates, the possibility of extrapair copulations cannot be ruled out, their relatively small testis size indicates that sperm competition is not so important for this species. Am. J. Primatol. 66:317–330, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intermittent thiamine deficiency in the rhesus monkey. I. Progression of neurological signs and neuroanatomical lesions
Authors: Witt Ellen D. , Goldman‐Rakic Patricia S. 
Published: August 2005

AbstractRhesus monkeys were subjected to one, two, or four periods of thiamine deficiency to determine how the number of deprivation episodes affects the development and progression of neurological and neuropathological changes. Recrurent thiamine deprivation produced all major neurological signs and most of the anatomical lesions found in Wernicke‐Korsakoff syndrome. Neither the number and gravity of neurological symptoms nor the extent or location of lesions was related to the number of deprivation periods in a simple way. Thus, some structures, such as the inferior colliculus and medial vestibular nuclei, were affected after only one period of deficiency. Other structures, such as the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus, were more resistant and exhibited degeneration only after four periods of thiamine deprivation. Severe damage in the basal ganglia was infrequent and was associated with prolonged rather than multiple periods of deprivation. No parenchymal damage was found in the mammillary bodies or mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, suggesting that lesions in these prominent sites of damage in Wernicke‐Korsakoff disease develop only in the most advanced stages of thiamine deprivation. As a consequence of individual differences in susceptibility to thiamine deficiency, neurological symptoms and signs were more related to the profile of neural damage than to the number or duration of deprivation episodes.
Blepharospasm and orofacial‐cervical dystonia: Clinical and pharmacological findings in 100 patients
Authors: Jankovic Joseph , Ford Janet 
Published: August 2005

AbstractWe evaluated prospectively 100 patients, the largest reported series, with blepharospasm and orofacial‐cervical dystonia, or Meige syndrome. The mean age at onset was 51.7 years, and 81% presented between the ages of 40 and 70. Women outnumbered men three to two. Blepharospasm was the initial symptom in 58 patients, but only 23 had involuntary movements localized to the orbicularis oculi. Sixty‐one patients had the complete syndrome, blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia, and 60 had neck or generalized dystonia in addition to the orofacial movements. Twenty‐one patients with spasmodic dysphonia were included; in 12 of these patients, spasmodic dysphonia was part of the complete (Meige) syndrome, and 16 of these patients had neck or generalized dystonia or essential tremor. An organic cause of Meige syndrome is supported by a high correlation with essential tremor and other movement disorders and by positive family history in some patients. Response to medication was inconsistent, but 69% of patient trials resulted in some improvement; in 22% the benefit was marked and persistent. Tetrabenazine, lithium, and trihexyphenidyl were most useful for the treatment of oromandibular dystonia, and clonazepam was useful in some patients with blepharospasm.