bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic control and its associated factors in type 1 diabetic people: longitudinal trajectory modeling
Authors: Khosravi Zahra , Taghipour Ali , Afzalaghaee Monavar , Esmaily Habibollah , Khosravi Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Diabetes is a chronic disease, and hyperglycemia can increase the risk of diabetic complications and the need for more inpatient services. Therefore, the prevention and control of diabetes are important. This study aimed to identify the trajectories of metabolic control and its correlates in people with type 1 diabetes.

Method
This is a longitudinal study with 2020 type 1 diabetic individuals aged 18 to 59 years. The participants’ glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured three times with a six-month interval between each measurement. The data were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the factors related to these groups.

Results
The results showed four trajectories of safe controlled (46.2%), moderate stable risk (28.7%), moderate increasing risk (12.5%), and high decreasing risk trajectory (12.6%) (entropy = 0.70). The results of multinomial logistic regression showed dyslipidemia could increase the odds of being in the three risk trajectories. Education, physical inactivity, and poor psychological status could also increase the odds of being in the moderate stable and high decreasing trajectories. Moreover, sex, job, and BMI could increase the odds of being in the high decreasing risk group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Since there are different trajectories of metabolic control of diabetes, it is necessary for healthcare providers and health experts to plan behavioral interventions based on the location of individuals in different trajectories and the related significant risk factors. In this way, appropriate prevention, care, and treatment programs can be provided for the people in each group.
Experiences of working as a clinical nurse while pregnant during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Wu Lin Ye , Yeung Wing Fai , Pei Yao Lin , Chen Ling Xi , Li Meng Qi , Ruan Jia Yin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Working as a pregnant clinical nurse might experience a range of challenges, such as significant anatomical and physiological changes as well as emotional and cognitive changes. That might be particularly obvious under the historical background of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, a dearth of studies has explored the experiences of working as a pregnant nurse during this special period. This study aimed to explore the experiences of working as a clinical nurse while pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative design was selected. Purposive sampling, combined with maximum variation strategy and snowball sampling, were utilized to identify and select participants from tertiary-teaching hospitals, specialized hospitals, and community hospitals in Zhejiang Province, southeastern China. Online semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect data, and conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
Eleven Chinese nurses with a mean age of 31.8 years, ranging from 26 to 40 years, participated in this study. Four themes and twelve subthemes emerged: (1) still adhering to work as a clinical nurse despite being pregnant during the pandemic; (2) working during pregnancy under pandemic is still an ordinary nurse; (3) still staying in the special life phase as a pregnant mother; and (4) growth and gains as pregnant mother.

Conclusion
The pregnant clinical nurses suffered from various changes and difficulties during the pandemic. Managers, occupational health and other health system leaders, and policymakers should be aware of the importance of establishing a work environment that guarantees safe continued pregnancy. Future studies should focus on the establishment of specific guidelines and manuals regarding how pregnant nurses worked, as well as the development of self-protection interventions during pregnancy. Moreover, research on moral stigma and bullying in nursing during pregnancy deserves further exploration.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Exploring the impact of social influence on parents’ intention to use institutional childcare: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu Bo , Zhang Difan , Sun Yin , Yao Yuna , Li Yingji , Hu Huiling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
China is actively responding to low birth rates by developing childcare institutions to alleviate the parenting pressures on families. However, despite strong childcare demand, the enrollment rate remains low. Few studies have explored the role of social influence in parents' childcare decisions. Therefore, this study will construct a research model to explore the mechanisms of social influence on parents' intentions to use childcare institutions.

Methods
This study used parents of infants and toddlers in mainland China as the study population. Questionnaires were collected through electronic surveys created on a professional website, with 554 responses gathered through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA).

Results
The results indicate that perceived benefits are the significant driving variable for parents' intention to use childcare institutions, while price sensitivity and perceived risk are significant barriers. Normative influence and perceived childcare policy significantly affect perceived benefits and price sensitivity, while informational influence has a significant positive effect on perceived risk. Additionally, the Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) shows that improvements should focus more on price sensitivity given the current low performance.

Conclusions
These findings provide insights for childcare policymakers and institutional childcare managers and will generate a management basis for developing China’s childcare service industry.
A model-based spectral directional approach reveals the long-term impact of COVID-19 on cardiorespiratory control and baroreflex
Authors: Cairo Beatrice , Gelpi Francesca , Bari Vlasta , Anguissola Martina , Singh Pavandeep , De Maria Beatrice , Ranucci Marco , Porta Alberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients might develop sequelae after apparent resolution of the infection. Autonomic dysfunction and baroreflex failure have been frequently reported. However, the long-term effect of COVID-19 on cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular neural controls has not been investigated with directional approaches able to open the closed-loop relationship between physiological variables.

Methods
A model-based causal spectral approach, namely causal squared coherence (CK2), was applied to the beat-to-beat variability series of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and to the respiratory signal (RESP) acquired at rest in supine position and during active standing (STAND) in COVID-19 survivors 9 months after their hospital discharge. Patients were categorized according to their need of ventilatory support during hospitalization as individuals that had no need of continuous positive airway pressure (noCPAP, n = 27), need of continuous positive airway pressure in sub-intensive care unit (CPAP, n = 14) and need of invasive mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (IMV, n = 8).

Results
The expected decrease of the strength of the HP-RESP dynamic interactions as well as the expected increase of the dependence of HP on SAP along baroreflex during STAND was not observed and this result held regardless of the severity of the disease, namely in noCPAP, CPAP and IMV cohorts. Regardless of the experimental condition, spectral causality markers did not vary across groups either.

Conclusions
CK2 markers, in association with an orthostatic challenge, were able to characterize the impairment of cardiorespiratory control and baroreflex in COVID-19 patients long after acute infection resolution and could be exploited to monitor the evolution of the COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge.
Hyssopus cuspidatus volatile oil: a potential treatment for steroid-resistant asthma via inhibition of neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Wang Xu , Peng Hui-Ming , Zhang Meng-Ru , Li Jing-Jing , Zhao Chuan-Peng , Zhang Ya-Li , Wang Si-Yu , Zhu Si-Ying , Lu Jian-Kang , Yin Hai-Long , Yin Qiang , Fang Jin-Bo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is a form of asthma resistant to corticosteroid therapy, which is characterized by the presence of neutrophil-predominant inflammatory response and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss., a traditional Uyghur medicine, is known for its efficacy in treating inflammatory lung conditions such as asthma. However, the therapeutic impact and underlying mechanisms of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss.’s volatile oil (HVO) in SRA have not been fully elucidated.

Methods
This study established an ovalbumin/lipopolysaccharide (OVA/LPS)-induced SRA mice model to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HVO on SRA. UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-MS was applied to analyze the serum compositions of HVO. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to uncover the complex mechanisms of HVO in treating SRA and predict potential effective compounds in HVO. Furthermore, in vivo studies in SRA mice and in vitro studies using HL-60 cells and bone marrow neutrophils were conducted to validate the mechanism.

Results
HVO could significantly ameliorate OVA/LPS-induced SRA symptoms, including airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, mucus overproduction and airway remodeling. 41 prototype compounds, 65 Phase I metabolites and 50 Phase II metabolites were identified in serum-containing HVO. The integration of network pharmacology with experimental validation revealed that HVO can inhibit the formation of NETs by targeting neutrophil elastase, thereby exerting a therapeutic influence on SRA. Meanwhile, molecular docking results showed that 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy mandelonitrile, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,5,7-trimethyl-naphthalene, cis-calamenene and aristol-1(10)-en-9-yl isovalerate may be the therapeutic compounds of HVO in treating SRA.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that HVO is a promising therapeutic candidate for neutrophil-dominant SRA by targeting NETs formation.
PretoxTM: a text mining system for extracting treatment-related findings from preclinical toxicology reports
Authors: Corvi Javier , Díaz-Roussel Nicolás , Fernández José M. , Ronzano Francesco , Centeno Emilio , Accuosto Pablo , Ibrahim Celine , Asakura Shoji , Bringezu Frank , Fröhlicher Mirjam , Kreuchwig Annika , Nogami Yoko , Rih Jeong , Rodriguez-Esteban Raul , Sajot Nicolas , Wichard Joerg , Wu Heng-Yi Michael , Drew Philip , Steger-Hartmann Thomas , Valencia Alfonso , Furlong Laura I. , Capella-Gutierrez Salvador 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the last few decades the pharmaceutical industry has generated a vast corpus of knowledge on the safety and efficacy of drugs. Much of this information is contained in toxicology reports, which summarise the results of animal studies designed to analyse the effects of the tested compound, including unintended pharmacological and toxic effects, known as treatment-related findings. Despite the potential of this knowledge, the fact that most of this relevant information is only available as unstructured text with variable degrees of digitisation has hampered its systematic access, use and exploitation. Text mining technologies have the ability to automatically extract, analyse and aggregate such information, providing valuable new insights into the drug discovery and development process. In the context of the eTRANSAFE project, we present PretoxTM (Preclinical Toxicology Text Mining), the first system specifically designed to detect, extract, organise and visualise treatment-related findings from toxicology reports. The PretoxTM tool comprises three main components: PretoxTM Corpus, PretoxTM Pipeline and PretoxTM Web App. The PretoxTM Corpus is a gold standard corpus of preclinical treatment-related findings annotated by toxicology experts. This corpus was used to develop, train and validate the PretoxTM Pipeline, which extracts treatment-related findings from preclinical study reports. The extracted information is then presented for expert visualisation and validation in the PretoxTM Web App.

Scientific Contribution

While text mining solutions have been widely used in the clinical domain to identify adverse drug reactions from various sources, no similar systems exist for identifying adverse events in animal models during preclinical testing. PretoxTM fills this gap by efficiently extracting treatment-related findings from preclinical toxicology reports. This provides a valuable resource for toxicology research, enhancing the efficiency of safety evaluations, saving time, and leading to more effective decision-making in the drug development process.
Greedy algorithms: a review and open problems
Authors: García Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Greedy algorithms are a fundamental class of mathematics and computer science algorithms, defined by their iterative approach of making locally optimal decisions to approximate global optima. In this review, we focus on two greedy algorithms. First, we examine the relaxed greedy algorithm in the context of dictionaries in Hilbert spaces, analyzing the optimality of the definition of this algorithm. Next, we provide a general overview of the thresholding greedy algorithm and the Chebyshev thresholding greedy algorithm, with particular attention to their applications to bases in p-Banach spaces with

$0< p\leq 1$

0
<
p
≤
1

. In both cases, we conclude by posing several questions for future research.
Geodetic data inversion to estimate a strain-rate field by introducing sparse modeling
Authors: Nozue Yohei , Fukahata Yukitoshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Many studies have estimated crustal deformation from observed geodetic data. So far, because most studies have applied a smoothness constraint, which includes the assumption of local uniformity of a strain-rate field, localized strain rates near fault zones have tended to be underestimated when we invert spatially sporadic GNSS data. To overcome this difficulty, we introduce sparse modeling into the estimation of a strain-rate field. Specifically, we impose a sparsity constraint as well as the smoothness constraint on strain rates as prior information, which are expressed by the L1-norm and the L2-norm of the second-order derivative of the velocity field, respectively. To investigate the validity and limitation of the proposed method, we conduct synthetic tests, in which we consider an anti-plane strain problem due to a steady slip on a buried strike-slip fault. As a result, we find: (1) regardless of the locking depth of the fault, the proposed method reproduces localized strain rates near the fault with almost equal or better accuracy than the L2 regularization method (i.e., only the smoothness constraint); (2) the advantage of the proposed method over the L2 regularization method is clearer when data coverage is worse (i.e., when fewer observation points are available); and (3) the proposed method can be applied when observation errors are small. Next, we apply the proposed method to the GNSS data across the Arima-Takatsuki fault zone, which is one of the most active strike-slip faults in Japan. As a result, the proposed method estimates about

$$1.0\times {10}^{-8}$$

1.0
×

10

-
8

/yr faster strain rates near the fault zone than the L2 regularization method, which corresponds to a 20–30% greater strain-rate concentration. The faster strain rates result in the estimation of a shallower locking depth: 11 km by the proposed method, compared to 17 km by the L2 regularization method. The former is closer to the depth of D90, 12–14 km, above which 90% of earthquakes occur.

Graphical Abstract
Regional cerebral oxygen saturation during initial mobilization of critically ill patients is associated with clinical outcomes: a prospective observational study
Authors: Imai Ryota , Abe Takafumi , Iwata Kentaro , Yamaguchi Seigo , Kitai Takeshi , Tsubaki Atsuhiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Vital signs help determine the safety of early mobilization in critically ill patients in intensive care units. However, none of these variables directly assess cerebral circulation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and vital signs with in-hospital death in critically ill patients.

Methods
This prospective study included critically ill patients admitted to the Uonuma Kikan Hospital Emergency Center who received physical therapy between June 2020 and December 2022. We continuously measured rSO2 during the initial mobilization using a wearable brain near-infrared spectroscopy device. With in-hospital death as the primary endpoint, the association between rSO2 and in-hospital death was assessed in Analysis 1 to determine the rSO2 cut-off value that predicts in-hospital death. In Analysis 2, patients were categorised into survival and non-survival groups to examine the temporal changes in vital signs and rSO2 associated with postural changes during mobilization.

Results
Of the 132 eligible patients, 98 were included in Analysis 1, and 70 were included in Analysis 2. Analysis 1 demonstrated that lower premobilization rSO2 was independently associated with in-hospital death (odds ratio 0.835, 95% confidence interval 0.724–0.961, p = 0.012). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified an optimal rSO2 cut-off value of 57% for predicting in-hospital death (area under the curve 0.818, sensitivity 73%, specificity 83%). Analysis 2 showed that rSO2 changes during mobilization were unrelated to changes in vital signs, suggesting rSO2 as an independent prognostic marker.

Conclusions
The results suggest that rSO2 measured during initial mobilization is associated with in-hospital death in critically ill patients.
Electroplated double-crowns on implants and teeth after up to 12 years– a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Mautsch Christoph , Klenke Jan , Kern Thomas , Wolfart Stefan , Kern Jaana-Sophia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To retrospectively evaluate the outcome of implant-supported or combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses retained by electroplated double-crowns after 1–12 years.

Methods
Twenty-five patients were retrospectively examined in a private dental practice in Hamburg, Germany. All had been rehabilitated with a removable prosthesis retained by electroplated double-crowns, for at least one year. Fifteen patients had implant-supported prostheses and 10 had combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses in the maxilla or the mandible. Biological and technical complications were recorded at the clinical examination and extracted from the patient records. Kaplan–Meier implant and tooth survival rates were calculated. Potential risk factors for severe complications were identified. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured by a short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire. Patients reported subjective chewing function using a visual analogue scale.

Results
Kaplan–Meier survival rates were 100% for natural abutments and 90.9% for implants after 11.8 years (p = 0.54). Two implants in two patients were lost at 8 and 9 years due to peri-implantitis in the "solely implant" group. The most common complications were decementation of primary crowns and wear of the prosthetic teeth. The mean OHIP score for the group “tooth-implant-supported” was 5.2 ± 5.0, whereas the mean score for the "solely implant" group was 1.7 ± 2.9 (p = 0.039). Patients rated their subjective masticatory function very high with an average score of 9.4 ± 0.8 out of a possible 10.

Conclusions
Implant-supported or combined tooth-implant-supported prostheses retained by electroplated double-crowns are a viable method of treatment with a satisfactory outcome. Maintenance has been manageable and patients have reported very good subjective chewing function after several years of function.

Graphical Abstract
How integrated knowledge translation worked to reduce federal policy barriers to the implementation of medication abortion in Canada: a realist evaluation
Authors: Munro Sarah , Wahl Kate , Dunn Sheila , Devane Courtney , Li Linda C. , Norman Wendy V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Initial Canadian federal regulations for the abortion pill, mifepristone, had the potential to impede safe and equitable access to this medication. To catalyze evidence-based regulatory change, we engaged health policy, health system, and health services decision makers, and health professional organizations in integrated knowledge translation (iKT), a research approach that engages the users of research as equal partners.

Methods
We conducted a realist evaluation of what iKT strategies worked, for whom, and in what context to impact federal mifepristone regulations. We constructed initial program theories (if–then statements about how iKT worked). We tested the initial program theories using interviews with researchers and knowledge partners and triangulated with analysis of research programme documents. We configured the evidence in relation to the initial program theories, and refined program theories into causal explanatory configurations.

Results
We analyzed 38 interviews with researchers, health professional leaders, advocacy group leaders, and administrative government policy makers, as well as 49 program documents. Our results indicated that researcher partnerships with stakeholders had a meaningful impact on the removal of restrictions. We found key components of the causal explanatory configurations included: researcher motivation to move evidence into action, trusted reputations as credible sources of evidence, strategic partnerships, understanding of health policy processes, and researcher roles as a trusted convenor between key groups and decision makers.

Conclusions
Our study identifies several practical and transferable approaches to impactful iKT. The findings may be of relevance to researchers focused on public health topics subject to stigma.