bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vocal cord leukoplakia classification using deep learning models in white light and narrow band imaging endoscopy images
Authors: You Zhenzhen , Han Botao , Shi Zhenghao , Zhao Minghua , Du Shuangli , Yan Jing , Liu Haiqin , Hei Xinhong , Ren Xiaoyong , Yan Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurate vocal cord leukoplakia classification is critical for the individualized treatment and early detection of laryngeal cancer. Numerous deep learning techniques have been proposed, but it is unclear how to select one to apply in the laryngeal tasks. This article introduces and reliably evaluates existing deep learning models for vocal cord leukoplakia classification.MethodsWe created white light and narrow band imaging (NBI) image datasets of vocal cord leukoplakia which were classified into six classes: normal tissues (NT), inflammatory keratosis (IK), mild dysplasia (MiD), moderate dysplasia (MoD), severe dysplasia (SD), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Vocal cord leukoplakia classification was performed using six classical deep learning models, AlexNet, VGG, Google Inception, ResNet, DenseNet, and Vision Transformer.ResultsGoogLeNet (i.e., Google Inception V1), DenseNet‐121, and ResNet‐152 perform excellent classification. The highest overall accuracy of white light image classification is 0.9583, while the highest overall accuracy of NBI image classification is 0.9478. These three neural networks all provide very high sensitivity, specificity, and precision values.ConclusionGoogLeNet, ResNet, and DenseNet can provide accurate pathological classification of vocal cord leukoplakia. It facilitates early diagnosis, providing judgment on conservative treatment or surgical treatment of different degrees, and reducing the burden on endoscopists.
Structural invariance of the Global Wellness Model: A national sample
Authors: Kalkbrenner Michael T. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTotal wellness (combined physical and mental health) is an integral element in the professional identity of counselors. Counselors need wellness‐based models with corresponding screening tools to measure their clients’ wellness. A number of sociodemographic disparities in mental and physical wellness exist among US adults. While a number of wellness models exist (e.g., Global Wellness Model), the literature is missing a model that has been tested for invariance (equivalent meaning) across extant wellness‐based sociodemographic variables. Invariance testing is a crucial next step in this line of research, as it is not appropriate to apply a model in practice if the meaning of the model's latent trait differs between subgroups of the population. Results demonstrated that the Global Wellness Model was invariant by gender, ethnicity, help‐seeking history, income, and education among a national sample (N = 772) of US adults. Results also revealed sociodemographic differences in Global Wellness by income and help‐seeking history.
Market share, investor horizon, and stock crash risk
Authors: Ngo Thanh , Susnjara Jurica , Yi Ha‐Chin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractOn a 1990–2016 sample of 78,594 firm‐year observations, we document strong evidence of lower stock crash risk for more prominent firms (those with greater market share). This evidence is consistent across various proxies for stock crash risk, raw versus instrumented market share, and ordinary least squares versus logistic regressions. We also find that the market share's suppressing effect on stock crash risk is weakened by the relative prevalence of long‐term investors. This moderating effect of investor horizon suggests the quasi‐monopolistic insulation from market pressures as the explanation for the reduction in stock crash risk among more dominant firms.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease‐the Developing World's Perspective
Authors: Patel Khushboo , Kalikavil Puthanveedu Divya , Vijayaraghavan Asish , Kesavapisharady Krishnakumar , Sarma Gangadhara , Sarma Sankara P. , Krishnan Syam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is the most widely used device‐assisted therapy in patients with moderately advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing motor complications. Only a minority of eligible patients get the opportunity to undergo DBS in the developing world.ObjectivesTo examine the proportion and characteristics of patients with motor complications of PD who are willing for DBS and who undergo surgery.MethodsPatients with motor complications of PD eligible for DBS over a five‐year study period (2016–2020) were included. The demographic, clinical and socio‐economic characteristics and information on their status in 2021 were collected and analyzed.ResultsAmong 1017 patients, 223 had motor symptoms qualifying for DBS and follow‐up information available. Only 78 (35%) opted for surgery. The willing patients had higher socioeconomic status, were older and had longer duration of PD and motor complications, more freezing of gait, cognitive symptoms, and neuropsychiatric disturbances. 37 of them were found unfit during pre‐operative work‐up; only 41 (18%) with motor complications were finally taken up for DBS. Age, duration or severity of motor symptoms did not differ between patients who were finally selected for surgery and those who were not.ConclusionsLess than one‐fifth of our patients with motor complications of PD finally underwent DBS. The patients appeared to wait till the late stages of PD, before making a decision on availing surgical treatment. The delay resulted in nearly half of them being found unfit in pre‐operative work‐up. Our findings may enable clinicians to counsel eligible patients more efficiently.
The evolution of research and development cooperation in dynamically interorganizational project networks: Effects of reference‐point‐based expectations
Authors: Wang Ding , Guo Peng , Guo Ning 
Published: October 2023

AbstractConsidering the coevolution of interorganizational project and social networks, this study examines the evolution of research and development (R&D) cooperation by simulating the play of an appropriate game model. We assume that decision‐makers are aggressive or prudent in terms of expectations. The results show that the effects of expectation type and heterogeneity on cooperation evolution depend on the project scale. Aggressive decision‐makers are more sensitive to free‐riding behaviors than prudent decision‐makers. The effect of supervision on cooperation is contingent on decision‐makers' expectations. Finally, the study develops suggestions for the governance of interorganizational R&D cooperation.
A pilot study of an integrated, personalized, respiratory and motor telerehabilitation program for pediatric patients with hereditary neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Yu Michael Kwan Leung , Chiu Alice Yuen Yee , Chau Shuk Kuen , Rosa Duque Jaime S , Wong Wilfred Hing Sang , Chan Sophelia Hoi Shan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionTelerehabilitation provides physical training to patients through telecommunication networks. We examined the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of an integrated, personalized, respiratory and motor telerehabilitation program for pediatric patients with hereditary neuromuscular disorders (NMDs).MethodsStable pediatric patients were recruited for a 16‐week home training program with personalized pulmonary, upper and lower limb exercises. Patients reviewed instructional videos at home and attended bi‐weekly follow‐ups through video or audio calls, text messages, or emails. The primary outcomes were respiratory function, Medical Research Council (MRC) grading, hand/pinch strength, 6‐minute walk test, and Pediatric Quality‐of‐Life Inventory 3.0 Neuromuscular Module survey. The secondary outcomes were study compliance and user feedback.ResultsPatients with spinal muscular atrophy (n = 4), congenital myasthenic syndrome (n = 2), and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (n = 2) completed the program. The median weekly exercise time was 101.3 min (range: 30.0–266.9). No extra face‐to‐face physiotherapy sessions were requested by the patients. No adverse events were reported. After the study, patients showed improvements in maximal expiratory pressure (35.0 vs. 47.5 cm H2O, p = .028) and maintained their MRC grade, hand/pinch strength, and walking distance. Patients also reported improvements in the Pediatric Quality‐of‐Life Inventory 3.0 Neuromuscular Module survey score (74.5 vs. 87.0, p = .036). Patients rated the overall program highly (mean: 4.00/5.00) and recommended it as a standard of care (mean: 4.38/5.00).DiscussionOur telerehabilitation program was feasible, safe, and possibly effective for this pilot cohort of stable pediatric patients with hereditary NMDs. Larger‐scale studies for longer periods are warranted to confirm the results.
Implementing a Screen‐Clean‐Hydrate bundle of care for improving swallow screening, oral health, and hydration in acute stroke: Protocol for a Type 2 hybrid‐effectiveness pre−post study
Authors: Murray Joanne , Gunasekaran Sulekha , Doeltgen Sebastian , George Stacey , Harvey Gillian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractStroke clinical guidelines recommend care processes that optimize patient outcomes and minimize hospital‐acquired complications. However, audits and surveys illustrate that recommended care is not always consistently or thoroughly implemented. This paper outlines the methods for implementing and evaluating a new bundle of care. Screen‐Clean‐Hydrate bundles together recommendations from the Australian Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management and supplements these with evidence‐informed best practice from the literature for: swallow screening within 4 h of presentation to hospital (Screen); oral health assessment and delivery of oral care (Clean); and hydration assessment and management (Hydrate). The study is a pre−post Type 2 hybrid effectiveness/implementation design with an embedded process evaluation, which will be conducted in two acute stroke units in a capital city of Australia. The integrated‐Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (iPARIHS) framework will be used to guide study design, conduct, and evaluation. Clinical effectiveness will be measured by rates of hospital‐acquired complications and proxy measures of cost (length of stay, procedure costs) for 60 patient participants pre‐ and postimplementation. Implementation outcomes will focus on acceptability, feasibility, uptake and fidelity, and identification of barriers and enablers to implementation through staff interviews, medical record audits, and researcher field notes. Due to its design as a hybrid effectiveness/implementation study, once completed, the study will provide information on both intervention and implementation effectiveness, including details of successful and unsuccessful multidisciplinary implementation strategies. This will inform a larger multisite effectiveness/implementation trial for future upscale, leading to improved compliance with stroke guidelines and therefore stroke outcomes.
Measuring midwives' perceptions of their practice climate across racial‐ethnic identities: An invariance analysis of the Midwifery Practice Climate Scale
Authors: Thumm E. Brie , Giano Zach , Niles P. Mimi , Smith Denise , Howard Bridget 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiversification of the midwifery workforce is key to addressing disparities in maternal health in the United States. Midwives who feel supported in their practice environments report less burnout and turnover; therefore, creating positive practice environments for midwives of color is an essential component of growing and retaining midwives of color in the workforce. The Midwifery Practice Climate Scale (MPCS) is a 10‐item instrument developed through multiphase empirical analysis to measure midwives' practice environments, yet the MPCS had not been independently tested with midwives of color. We conducted invariance analyses to test whether latent means can be compared between midwives of color and non‐Hispanic White samples. A step‐up approach applied a series of increasingly stringent constraints to model estimations with multiple group confirmatory factor analyses with two pooled samples. A configural model was estimated as the basis of multiple group comparisons where all parameters were allowed to freely vary. Metric invariance was estimated by constraining item factor loadings to be equal. Scalar invariance was estimated by constraining intercepts of indicators to be equal. Each model was compared to the baseline model. The findings supported scalar invariance of MPCS across midwives of color and non‐Hispanic White midwives, indicating that the MPCS is measuring the same intended construct across groups, and that differences in scores between these two groups reflect true group differences and are not related to measurement error. Additionally, in this sample, there was no statistically significant difference in perceptions of the practice environments across midwives of color and non‐Hispanic White midwives (p > 0.05).
Educational and occupational outcomes in Swedish children treated for sarcomas: A nationwide registry‐based study
Authors: Grundström Albin , Harila Arja , Lönnerblad Malin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany children treated for cancer experience a negative impact on their academic performance; however, most studies of children treated for sarcomas have not investigated academic performance. Our aim was to explore how Swedish children treated for sarcomas perform academically, as well as how they adjust to life afterwards.ProcedureWe compared 167 pediatric sarcoma survivors with 776 matched, non‐sibling controls without a history of cancer, in a retrospective cohort study using data from nationwide registries. Primary outcomes were grades at the end of compulsory education, high school eligibility, post‐compulsory education (i.e., education after school Year 9), employment, and sickness or activity compensation.ResultsPediatric sarcoma survivors were more likely to be ineligible for high school (odds ratio [OR] 1.76; p = .045) and more likely to fail Swedish (OR 2.12; p = .046), mathematics (OR 2.27; p = .011), and/or physical education (OR 2.24; p = .004), compared with controls. Survivors were less likely to have been employed (OR 0.58; p = .027) and received sickness or activity compensation more often (OR 2.49; p = .008) compared with controls.ConclusionsPediatric sarcoma survivors have poorer academic performance compared to peers without cancer in multiple school subjects. Survivors seem to catch up during post‐compulsory education, but might struggle to find employment.
Work‐related consequences of losing a child with cancer: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Hammer Nanna Maria , Olsen Marianne , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard , Wreford Andersen Elisabeth , Oksbjerg Dalton Susanne , Allerslev Horsbøl Trine , Envold Bidstrup Pernille 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundParents who lose a child are at increased risk of impaired mental health, which may negatively affect their work ability. The aims of this study were to examine the risk for reduced labor market affiliation in parents who lost a child with cancer compared to a matched parent cohort, and factors associated with the bereaved parents’ labor market affiliation.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide population‐based cohort study using Danish registry data. We followed bereaved parents (n = 1609) whose child died with cancer at age less than 30 during 1992–2020, and a matched, population‐based sample of parents (n = 15,188) of children with no history of childhood cancer. Cox proportional hazard models and fractional logit models were performed separately for mothers and fathers.ResultsCancer‐bereaved mothers had an overall increased risk of long‐term sick leave (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–1.77), unemployment (HR = 1.53; CI: 1.37–1.70), and lower odds of working in the first 2 years following the loss (odds ratio [OR] = 0.44; CI: 0.39–0.49), while bereaved fathers had lower odds of working (OR = 0.65; CI: 0.53–0.79), and increased risk of permanently reduced work ability (HR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.01–1.66), compared to the matched cohort of parents of cancer‐free children. Younger parental age, lower education, and being a single parent were identified as the main determinants of the bereaved parents’ reduced labor market affiliation.ConclusionsCancer‐bereaved parents are at increased risk of reduced labor market affiliation, compared with a matched, population‐based sample of parents. Certain groups of bereaved parents may be at particularly high risk, and targeted bereavement interventions are warranted.
The predictive power of game addiction and social media addiction on adolescents' lifestyle
Authors: Kudubes Aslı Akdeniz , Efe Yagmur Sezer 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted as a descriptive and cross‐sectional study to examine the effects of game addiction and social media addiction on the lifestyle of Turkish adolescents. The study was conducted between May to June 2022, involved 1116 adolescents in the 13−18 age group receiving education in three high schools situated in the Western region of Turkey. Data were collected online with the Descriptive Information Form, Game Addiction Scale Short Form for Adolescents (GAS), Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SMAS), and Adolescent Lifestyle Profile Scale (ALP). Mean, percentage, t test, analysis of variance and linear regression analysis were used for analyzing data. There was a statistically significant difference between the presence of social media accounts and smartphones, duration of having social media account, average time spent daily on social media accounts and virtual games, social media use characteristics for the last 6 months, interests of influencers followed on social media, affection by influencers, and effect of social media on daily life and the mean scores on GAS, SMAS, and ALP. It was determined that game addiction and social media addiction explained 61.8% of the lifestyles of adolescents and significantly affected them. In addition, social media use characteristics, game addiction, and social media addiction explain and significantly predict the lifestyle of adolescents at a rate of 62.8%. The results of the study reveal that game addiction and social media addiction is a significant predictor of Turkish adolescents' lifestyle. It can be recommended to provide trainings that shed light on the importance of efficient use of technology to adolescents and their parents and to evaluate the effectiveness of these trainings.
Conformational dynamics of α‐1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) in cancer: A comparative study of glycosylated and unglycosylated AGP
Authors: Dixit Bhawna , Vranken Wim , Ghysels An 
Published: October 2023

Abstractα‐1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) is one of the most abundant plasma proteins. It fulfills two important functions: immunomodulation, and binding to various drugs and receptors. These different functions are closely associated and modulated via changes in glycosylation and cancer missense mutations. From a structural point of view, glycans alter the local biophysical properties of the protein leading to a diverse ligand‐binding spectrum. However, glycans can typically not be observed in the resolved X‐ray crystallography structure of AGP due to their high flexibility and microheterogeneity, so limiting our understanding of AGP's conformational dynamics 70 years after its discovery. We here investigate how mutations and glycosylation interfere with AGP's conformational dynamics changing its biophysical behavior, by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and sequence‐based dynamics predictions. The MD trajectories show that glycosylation decreases the local backbone flexibility of AGP and increases the flexibility of distant regions through allosteric effects. We observe that mutations near the glycosylation site affect glycan's conformational preferences. Thus, we conclude that mutations control glycan dynamics which modulates the protein's backbone flexibility directly affecting its accessibility. These findings may assist in the drug design targeting AGP's glycosylation and mutations in cancer.
Introduction to grid‐scale battery energy storage system concepts and fire hazards
Authors: Goldsmith Veronica 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAs the world continues to enact progressive climate change targets, renewable energy solutions are needed to achieve these goals. One such solution is large‐scale lithium‐ion battery (LIB) energy storage systems which are at the forefront in ensuring that solar‐ and wind‐generated power is delivered when the grids need it most. However, the perceived hazards of LIBs due to recent events in the United States and Australia pose a risk to their future success. When a battery energy storage system (BESS) has a multilayered approach to safety, the thermal runaway, fire, and explosion hazards can be mitigated. Successful implementation of this approach requires cooperation, collaboration, and education across all stakeholder groups to break down these preconceived notions. Much can be learned from the recent BESS fire and explosion events to inform safer design and operation. These events and their contributing factors share many commonalities with historic losses in the hydrocarbon industry. Fire and process safety engineers who have traditionally worked in the hydrocarbon industry can be of immense value to the BESS industry.
Consequence analysis, layer of protection analysis, and bow‐tie as strategies to prevent accidents
Authors: Silva Elisio Carvalho 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article discusses some accidents and uses consequence analysis as well as layer of protection analysis (LOPA) and bow‐tie to establish the best approach for safely controlling the process to avoid loss of containment due to overfilling. Four accidents and their aftermaths are examined, considering current investigations. Consequence analysis was used with 12 products to demonstrate how to determine the level of protection of the systems to reduce the likelihood of containment loss due to overflow. Finally, LOPA and bow‐tie were used to ensure that the systems have adequate protection at an acceptable level of risk tolerance and will be correctly maintained throughout their life cycle. The analyses indicated that an independent layer of protection with safety integrity level 2 was required to achieve the risk tolerance requirement of <10−4/year, which is a known and widely accepted frequency when an accident has the potential to result in a fatality. Furthermore, a study of degradation factors and controls was performed to enhance the reliability of all the components that interfere with the frequency of the top event. This will improve process safety throughout the system's lifecycle, and the results will also be input for safeguards audits.