bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Критерії оцінки потенційної чисельності ЗШІ (AGI) у техносфері
Authors: Бескаравайний Станіслав , Борисова Тетяна 
Published: February 2024

Актуальність. Майбутня взаємодія людини та ЗШІ це один із потенційно небезпечних процесів. «Екосистема» взаємодії людини зі штучними інтелектами, що розвинеться після їх створення, може зіткнутися з кризою, вираженою у різкому зростанні чисельності ЗШІ. Але прогнозування подібної кризи потребує опису факторів, які можуть визначати кількість ЗШІ, а також визначити структурні рівні взаємодії людини та ЗШІ.
Мета. Розкриття базових протиріч, що визначають кількість загальних штучних інтелектів (ЗШІ, AGI) у техносфері, виділення основних кордонів розвитку ЗШІ, які можуть обмежувати їхню різноманітність.
Результати. Показано, що однією з конкурентних переваг ЗШІ по відношенню до людини може бути їхнє існування на кількох структурних рівнях техносфери. Показано основні межі різноманітності ЗШІ: межу стабільності, межу швидкості розвитку, межу симбіотичної взаємодії, межу конкуренції.
З’ясовано, основним обмеженням для зростання чисельності ЗШІ буде межа мініатюризації, пов'язана з тим, що обов'язковий для техногенного суб'єкта набір функцій (незалежний цикл «абстрагування-конкретизації») неможливо втілити в носії програмного забезпечення занадто малих розмірів. І це обмеження буде збережено, якщо не буде створено якісно нові носії програмного забезпечення.
Показано, що достатньою умовою для існування автономного ЗШІ є перевага локалізованого ЗШІ в управлінні джерелом ресурсів у порівнянні з глобалізованим ЗШІ, коли ця перевага дозволяє накопичити ресурси, необхідні для збереження себе від поглинання;
Наведено оцінки мінімальної та максимальної кількості ЗШІ в техносфері, пов'язані як з монополізацією та централізацією ЗШІ, так і з їх граничною різноманітністю. Показано межі використання біологічних аналогій в описі скорочення та збільшення чисельності ЗШІ, але ці коливання можливо бути описувати за допомогою законів «необхідної різноманітності» та «ієрархічної компенсації».
Висновки. Показано основні протиріччя, що обмежують різноманітність ЗШІ, а також деякі межі його розвитку. Проведено оцінку мінімальної та максимальної чисельності ЗШІ у техносфері.
Technology as a tool to reduce school dropout rates in Costa Rica
Authors: Atencio Gabriel Silva , Ramírez Maurio Umaña 
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study aimed to research the factors that cause school dropout and whether technology can positively influence the reduction of this phenomenon in adolescents between 11 and 17 years old. Method: The research was conducted under a qualitative-exploratory approach, according to Hurtado (2010) through an in-depth interview based on Hernández-Sampieri et al. (2017). The sample was 92 students, from two schools located in two different regions in Costa Rica for the year 2021. Results: The gender distribution and the dropout rate in the selected sample indicate that the male gender has the highest dropout rate with 65.22%, some studies can corroborate like Santodomingo (April 19, 2021), the main reasons for this result are the abundance of unskilled jobs for men and the value system associated with the male gender. Findings: The female gender has a higher level of dropout in rural areas (53.12%), and one important reason is teenage pregnancy. Conclusions: Students who drop out of the school system do so mainly for reasons associated with a lack of interest in classes and economic problems in the family environment. Finally, it is concluded that for a virtual education process to be successful, it is not only enough to use technology as a tool, the teacher must establish a teaching model that is agile, flexible, and dynamic to maintain the student's interest. Among the recommendations, measures are proposed to reduce school dropout rates in the institutions.
SecureLog: Open-Source Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) Solution for Enhanced Threat Detection and Incident Response
Authors: Sharma Ramesh Kumar , Singh Dharmendra Kumar , Kumar Abhishek , Burnwal A. P. 
Published: February 2024

Purpose of the study: As organizations face increasingly sophisticated and persistent cyber threats, the need for robust Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) solutions becomes paramount. This paper presents "SecureLog," an open-source SIEM solution designed to enhance threat detection and incident response capabilities.
Methodology: This paper explores the architecture and components of SecureLog, detailing its data collection and log management capabilities. It examines the threat detection algorithms employed, emphasizing real-time event correlation and alerting mechanisms. The paper addresses the scalability and performance considerations associated with deploying SecureLog in large-scale environments.
Main Findings: The findings highlight the benefits of using fuzzy logic in cyber threat intelligence and pave the way for further research and development in this promising field. The future prospects and challenges of integrating fuzzy logic with other advanced technologies such as machine learning and artificial intelligence.
Applications of this study: SecureLog emerges as a valuable open-source SIEM solution, empowering organizations with enhanced threat detection and incident response capabilities. With its feature-rich architecture and active community support, SecureLog proves to be a reliable choice for organizations seeking to fortify their cybersecurity defences.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The paper also includes practical use cases and case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of SecureLog in enhancing threat detection and incident response. Security and compliance considerations, including data privacy and regulatory compliance, are examined, along with recommendations for securing the SecureLog deployment.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of New 4-aminoantipyrine Derivatives Using Ultrasonic Mediation
Authors: Youns Naween M. 
Published: February 2024

تم استخدام تفاعل المباشر, ذو وعاء واحد، ثلاثي المكونات بين الألديهايدات الاروماتيه المعوضه, 2-نافثول و4- أمينو أنتيبيرين لتخليق سلسلة جديده من 4-(((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl) (phenyl) methylene) amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (A1- A5) لقد أجريت هذا التفاعل بأستخدام كلوريد الزركونيل كمحفز فعال في حالة التشعيع بالموجات فوق الصوتية. في الحقيقة أن هذه المشتقات لديها قدره على العمل كمواد أساسية في تكوين مركبات جديده 4- (1H-naphtho [1,2-e] [1,3] oxazin-2(3H)-yl)-2-phenyl-1, 5-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one(A6, A7 and A8). وبالمثل, تم استخدام MCRs التي أدت إلى تكوين مركب حلقي غير متجانس (1،3-نافثوكسازين( وتضمنت تفاعل 4- أمينو أنتي بييرين, و الفورمالديهايد و 2-نافثول بنسبة مول 1: 2: 1 لتكوين , 4-(1H-naphtho [1,2-e] [1,3] oxazin-2(3H)-yl)-2-phenyl-1-5 dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (A9)1 يبدأ هذا التفاعل بأدخال نظام محفزZrOCl2-K2CO3 ويستمر من خلال التكثيف وتكوين الحلقه. ثم تحليل جميع المركبات المنتجه من خلال بيانات أطياف IR و H1 NMR و C13 NMR لتوضيح عمل هذه المركبات المميزه. باستخدام طريقة التخفيف الدقيق للمرق وطريقة نشر القرص، تم تقييم الأنشطة المضادة للبكتيريا (إيجابية الجرام وسالبة الجرام) والفطريات و مقارنة بالأدوية التقليدية (امبيسلين, سيبروفلوكساسين و اموكسيسلين). كان للمركبات المحضرة مجموعة واسعة من التأثير بقيم MIC من 200 600, و 1000ميكروغرام / مل ضد البكتيريا التي تم فحصها ، كما هو محدد بواسطة التحليل الميكروبيولوجي.
Investigation the Effect of Thermal Agent on Physical Properties of PVC-PVA Blended
Authors: Neamah Zainab j. , Mahdi Shatha H. , Jasim Kareem A. 
Published: February 2024

في هذه الدراسة , الخصائص البصرية لبولي فنيل كلورايد (PVC) و بولي فنيل الكحول (PVA) واغشية الخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية بتراكيز مختلفة (PVA75% + PVC25%, PVA50% + PVC50%, and PVA25% + PVC 75%) قد تم فحصها بالنسبه لدرجات الحرارة مختلفة (25, 120, 140) درجة سليزية لمدة ساعه واحدة. لقد تم تحضير اغشية الخلائط لبولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية باستخدام طريقة الصب. مطيافية الاشعة المرئية–فوق البنفسجية سوف تستخدم لتعيين الخصائص البصرية لهذه الاغشية في مدى اطوال الموجية (200-900) نانومتر مثل النفاذية و امتصاصية ومعامل امتصاص و فجوة الطاقة وكذلك تأثير درجة الحرارة على هذه المعاملات. النتائج التى تم الحصول عليها من الجزء العملي تشير بان الامتصاصية ومعامل الامتصاص لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية سوف تزداد مع زيادة تركيز بولي فنيل الكحول. فجوة الطاقة لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية بتراكيز مختلفة سوف تقل مع زيادة تركيز بولي فنيل الكحول. يتميزنسبة الخليط الثنائي PVA 75%+ PVC25% بخصائص بصرية مناسبة للغايه. امتصاصية و معامل امتصاص لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية سوف تزداد مع زيادة درجة الحراره في حين فجوة الطاقة والنفاذية لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائيه سوف تقل مع زيادة درجة الحرارة. طبيعة الأنتقالات الالكترونية لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية بتراكيز مختلفة قبل و بعد تعرض للدرجات الحرارة هي غير مباشرة. من النتائج العلمية التي تم الحصول عليها يمكن الاستنتاج ان الامتصاصية و معامل الامتصاص لخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية هي أفضل من البوليمرات بولي فنيل الكحول وبولي فنيل كلورايد النقية. الخصائص البصرية لأغشية الخلائط بولي فنيل الكحول – بولي فنيل كلورايد الثنائية سوف تتأثر بتعرض الى درجات الحرارة.
Enhancing Fuzzy C-Means Clustering with a Novel Standard Deviation Weighted Distance Measure
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed Husham , Ashour Marwan Abdul Hameed 
Published: February 2024

ان الهدف الرئيس من هذه الورقة هو تقديم منهج جديد لمعالجة خوارزمية عنقدة المتوسطات الضبابيةFCM التي تُعد من اهم واشهر الخوارزميات التي عالجت ظاهرة عدم اليقين في تشكيل العناقيدعلى وفق نسب التداخل، ان من اهم المشكلات التي تواجه هذه الخوارزمية هو اعتمادها بشكل اساسي على مقياس المسافة الاقليدية وبطبيعة الحال هذا المقياس يجعل العناقيد المشكلة تاخذ الشكل الكروي الذي يكون غير قادر على احتواء الحالات المعقدة او المتداخلة، لذا حاولنا من خلال هذه الورقة اقتراح مقياس جديد للمسافة حيث تمكنا من اشتقاق صيغة لتباين العنقود الضبابي ليدخل كوزن على صيغة المسافة الاقليدية علاوة على ذلك تم معالجة حساب مصفوفة التقسيمات من خلال استعمال خوارزمية K-Means وخلق بيئية هجينة بين الخوارزمية الضبابية والخوارزمية الحادة، وللتحقق مما تم عرضه تم استعمال المحاكاة التجريبية ومن ثم تطبيقها على الواقع باستعمال البيانات البيئية للفحص الفيزيائي والكيميائي لمحطات فحص المياه في محافظة البصرة، وقد اثبتت النتائج التجريبية ان مقياس المسافة المقترح (WED) كانت له الافضلية على تحسين عمل خوارزمية HFCM من خلال معيار (Obj_Fun, Iteration, Min_optimization, Good fit clustering and overlap) عندما (k = 2,3)، وبموجب نتائج المحاكاة تم اختيار c = 2 وتشكيل العناقيد للبيانات الحقيقية وتمكنت من ايجاد افضل دالة هدف (23.93، 22.44، 18.83) عند درجات التضبيب (1.2، 2، 2.8) بينما حسب درجة التضبيب (m = 3.6) كانت دالة الهدف لمقاس (ED) هي الاقل ولكن كانت المعايير ( Iter. =2 ، Min_optimization = 0، ) تؤكد على ان (WED) هي الافضل.
Independent versus Spillover Innovation: A Cross-Country Inspection of Contingent Learning-by-Exporting
Authors: Wu Ruohan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This paper empirically examines the learning-by-exporting theory from a new angle: how firms innovate. Two innovation strategies are studied: one is independent innovation if a firm conducts in-house research and development activities on its own; the other is spillover innovation if a firm adopts external technologies and knowledge from the others. We acquire firm-level data from 41 economies between 2017 and 2019. The learning-by-exporting effect is then interpreted as a positive linkage between firms’ exports and productivity, which is estimated semi-parametrically. After implementing a three-step estimation method that addresses endogeneity, we find that the realization of learning-by-exporting is importantly subject to firms’ innovation strategies. A significant learning-by-exporting effect can only be detected among firms with spillover innovation, while exporting cannot effectively enhance independent innovators’ performance. Multiple heterogeneity tests support this finding. Discussions and implication analyses follow.
JEL codes: F14, F61, O12, O33, Q55
Collapsible characteristics and prediction model of remodeled loess
Authors: Fan Peipei , Zhang Lingkai , Shi Chong , Zhang Yonggang , Ding Xusheng , Cheng Hui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The construction of the open channel projects in the northern Xinjiang region of China often involves traveling through vast areas of loess. The apparent collapsibility of loess is a major concern for engineers as it can lead to uneven deformation and failure of channel slopes. Collapsibility tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were conducted on remolded loess to comprehensively investigate the settlement and deformation mechanisms of collapsible loess from both macro- and micro-perspectives. Furthermore, a prediction model was developed and its applicability was verified. The test results indicated that with the increase of the vertical load, the collapsibility coefficient exhibited a trend of rapid increase followed by slow increase, and eventually stabilized. This trend satisfied a hyperbolic function relationship, which was negatively correlated with the changes of the water content and dry density. SEM analysis on the loess specimens confirmed that collapsible deformation involved a gradual transition from a shelf structure to a mosaic-colloid structure. Factors such as pore size and particle morphology were found to have significant influences on the collapsibility. For prediction purposes, statistical theory and machine learning algorithms were utilized to select variables such as dry density, moisture content, initial porosity ratio, and pressure test parameters. The GA-SVM model had higher accuracy and better applicability. The findings of the current study can provide valuable guide for the construction and management of water-conveyance projects in loess regions.
The association between crowding, natural light, and rates of physical restraints in a New York City community hospital psychiatric emergency room.
Authors: Angelova Yekaterina , Kwak Ha Rim , Osagie Eugene , Sheikh Mohammed , Hashem Ryan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
NYC community hospitals serve marginalized groups who face significant healthcare inequities. We hypothesized that low square footage and poor natural light availability is correlated with increased rate of physical restraint, further exacerbating structural injustices. We examined the rate of restraints during a period of temporary relocation of the psychiatric emergency room (CPEP) Aug – Dec 2022, and compared these to the same months in 2021 and 2019. We established the square footage and the surface area of the windows of the original (CPEP A) and temporary units (CPEP B) and compared the rates of restraints between CPEP A (2019, 2021) and CPEP B (2022). CPEP B was found to be 89.78% larger than CPEP A, with greater surface area of windows. Differences were noted in the frequency, total duration, and average duration of restraint in the two spaces; the mean rate of restraints in 2022 (CPEP B) was found to be significantly less than the mean rate of restraints in 2019 and 2021 (CPEP A) (p-value < 0.05). The most important limitation of this study was the low power. This study demonstrates the role of psychiatric emergency room size and availability of natural light in reduction of rates of restraints, especially in urban community hospitals which are disproportionately affected by limited space and cost per square footage. Given the low power of this study, we recommend expanding future data collection.
RBM-Q Learning for Rate Prediction in Recommendation Systems
Authors: YELGHI aref 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Through the recommendation of personalized information, recommendation systems are essential in improving the user experience on a variety of online websites. Some popular and conventional techniques have not been able to perform well in data volume and sparse data problems. In order to compete with them, this paper presents and assesses two algorithms: RBM-Q-Learning 1 and RBM-Q-Learning 2. By proposing novel mechanisms for state representation and action selection, these algorithms attempt to overcome the shortcomings of conventional methods, utilizing Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) as a major component. The performance of recommendation algorithms on two datasets from the MovieLens platform—MovieLens 100K and MovieLens 1M—are compared in-depth through an experimental research presented in this research. The experiments have been performed based on MAE, RMSE, HR, ARHR, Diversity and Novelty measurement indicators and the proposed algorithms have found proper stability.
Prognostic significance of CT-determined sarcopenia in older patients with advanced squamous cell lung cancer treated with programmed death-1 inhibitors
Authors: Qin Zhang , Lin Ying , Liqian Xu , Ji Yang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims:
Sarcopenia has been associated with higher toxicity induced by anti-cancer treatments and shorter survival in patients with squamous cell lung carcinoma(SqCLC). Over the past few decades, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improves the prognosis. However, few clinical studies explored the effectiveness of immunotherapy in the elderly population. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis to determine the prognostic role of sarcopenia in older patients with SqCLC receiving ICIs.
Methods
We retrospectively assessed SqCLC patients who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors and all patients were at least 70 years old. Pre-treatment sarcopenic status was determined by analyzing L3 skeletal muscle index(SMI) with chest CT. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the differences in survival were compared using the log-rank test.
Results
Among 130 male SqCLC patients, 93 had sarcopenia. Patients with sarcopenia were older and had a lower body mass index (BMI). Over an average follow-up of 20.8 months, 92 patients died. For all 130 patients, the mean OS was 13.3 months. Patients with sarcopenia had a significantly shorter OS and PFS than those without sarcopenia (OS, 12.4 ± 5.2 months vs. 15.5 ± 10.5 months, P = 0.028; PFS, 6.4 ± 2.9 months vs. 7.7 ± 4.2 months; P = 0.035). Multivariable analysis showed that sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor for shorter OS and PFS.
Conclusions
CT-determined sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor for older patients with SqCLC receiving ICIs.
Safety Risk Assessment of Reservoir Dam Structure: An Empirical Study in China
Authors: Yang Dingying , Wu Jiamei , guo zhenxu , Zeng Xiaoye , Zhang Qianqian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Reservoir dam structure guarantees the safety of the public's lives and property and has always been attention worldwide. However, a systematic discussion still needs to be on assessing the safety risk of reservoir dam structure (RDS). This study develops an overall framework for the safety risk assessment of RDS and establishes an evaluation index system. A risk assessment model is constructed based on the cloud and D-S evidence theories. The empirical research results of the XY reservoir project verify the model's reliability. This study provides theoretical support and solutions for managers to make scientific decisions and promotes the development of industry standardization.
ATF4/NUPR1 axis promotes cancer cell survival and mediates immunosuppression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Yongliang , Chen Weihao , Xuan Yundong , Li Xiubin , Wu Shengpan , Wang Hanfeng , Guo Tao , Wang Chenfeng , Tian Shuo , Li Huaikang , Lai Dong , Zhao Wenlei , Huang Xing , Zhao Xupeng , Wang Baojun , Zhang Xu , Li Hongzhao , Huang Yan , Ma Xin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cancer cells encounter unavoidable stress during tumor growth. The stress-induced transcription factor, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), has been reported to upregulate various adaptive genes involved in salvage pathways to alleviate stress and promote tumor progression. However, this effect is unknown in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, we found that ATF4 expression was remarkably upregulated in tumor tissues and associated with poor ccRCC outcomes. ATF4 depletion significantly impaired ccRCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related signaling pathway. RNA sequencing and functional studies identified nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) as a key downstream target of ATF4 for repressing ferroptosis and promoting ccRCC cell survival. In addition, targeting ATF4 or pharmacological inhibition using NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW115 promoted antitumor immunity in syngeneic graft mouse models, represented by increased infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, ZZW115 could improve the response to the PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade. The results demonstrate that the ATF4/NUPR1 signaling axis promotes ccRCC survival and facilitates tumor-mediated immunosuppression, providing a set of potential targets and prognostic indicators for ccRCC patients.
Dietary intake of folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and riboflavin and the risk of incident dementia
Authors: Kishida Rie , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Koutatsu Maruyama , Ikeda Ai , Sata Mizuki , Tanaka Mari , Okada Chika , Kubota Yasuhiko , Hayama-Terada Mina , Shimizu Yuji , Muraki Isao , Umesawa Mitsumasa , Imano Hironori , Sankai Tomoko , Okada Takeo , Kitamura Akihiko , Kiyama Masahiko , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background/Objectives: Low intake of B-vitamins may increase dementia; However, epidemiological evidence, particularly for riboflavin (vitamin B₂), remains sparse. The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary intakes of B-vitamins (riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folate) and the incidence of disabling dementia necessitating care under the Japan’s national insurance over a 15-year observation period.
Methods: As part of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study, a prospective study involving a community-based cohort of 4,171 Japanese individuals aged 40 to 69 years was conducted. Dietary intakes of B-vitamins were estimated through a single 24-hour dietary recall method. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of disabling dementia were estimated using area-stratified Cox proportional hazard models.
Results: Over a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 887 cases of disabling dementia were identified. Riboflavin intake was inversely associated with risk of disabling dementia among men and women; comparing the highest and lowest quartiles, multivariable hazard ratios and 95% CIs were 0.55 (95% CI 0.39–0.78; P for trend < 0.001) in men and 0.51 (0.39–0.68; P for trend < 0.001) in women. A similar inverse association was observed for vitamin B12 intake among men, and folate intake among women, with multivariable hazard ratios and 95% CIs of 0.69 (0.49–0.98; P for trend = 0.04) and 0.66 (0.49–0.88; P for trend = 0.0008), respectively.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dietary intake of B-vitamins, especially riboflavin, is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in Japanese individuals.