bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving DNA mixtures analysis using compound markers composed of InDels and SNPs screened from the whole genome with next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Tan Mengyu , Xue Jiaming , Wu Qiushuo , Zheng Yazi , Liu Guihong , Zhang Ranran , Wu Mengna , Song Jinlong , Xiao Yuanyuan , Chen Dezhi , Lv Meili , Liao Miao , Qu Shengqiu , Liang Weibo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) allows for better identification of insertion and deletion polymorphisms (InDels) and their combination with adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to form compound markers. These markers can improve the polymorphism of microhaplotypes (MHs) within the same length range, and thus, boost the efficiency of DNA mixture analysis. In this study, we screened InDels and SNPs across the whole genome and selected highly polymorphic markers composed of InDels and/or SNPs within 300 bp. Further, we successfully developed and evaluated an NGS‐based panel comprising 55 loci, of which 24 were composed of both SNPs and InDels. Analysis of 124 unrelated Southern Han Chinese revealed an average effective number of alleles (Ae) of 7.52 for this panel. The cumulative power of discrimination and cumulative probability of exclusion values of the 55 loci were 1–2.37 × 10–73 and 1–1.19 × 10–28, respectively. Additionally, this panel exhibited high allele detection rates of over 97% in each of the 21 artificial mixtures involving from two to six contributors at different mixing ratios. We used EuroForMix to calculate the likelihood ratio (LR) and evaluate the evidence strength provided by this panel, and it could assess evidence strength with LR, distinguishing real and noncontributors. In conclusion, our panel holds great potential for detecting and analyzing DNA mixtures in forensic applications, with the capability to enhance routine mixture analysis.
Limitation of permutation‐based differential correlation analysis
Authors: Song Hoseung , Wu Michael C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe comparison of biological systems, through the analysis of molecular changes under different conditions, has played a crucial role in the progress of modern biological science. Specifically, differential correlation analysis (DCA) has been employed to determine whether relationships between genomic features differ across conditions or outcomes. Because ascertaining the null distribution of test statistics to capture variations in correlation is challenging, several DCA methods utilize permutation which can loosen parametric (e.g., normality) assumptions. However, permutation is often problematic for DCA due to violating the assumption that samples are exchangeable under the null. Here, we examine the limitations of permutation‐based DCA and investigate instances where the permutation‐based DCA exhibits poor performance. Experimental results show that the permutation‐based DCA often fails to control the type I error under the null hypothesis of equal correlation structures.
Pharmacogenomics to support mental health medication therapy management: Clinical practice considerations and a conceptual framework to enhance patient care
Authors: Bishop Jeffrey R. , Schneiderhan Mark E. , Butler Tiana , Carpentier Rachel M. , Heins Katharine R. , Formea Christine M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMental illnesses are common and often necessitate the use of medications to improve symptoms. For most common conditions, many pharmacologic treatment options are available, but there is limited evidence to guide the selection of a specific medication or dose for a given patient. Dose‐related side effects are common, and many patients either drop out of treatment or require multiple medication trials before finding a regimen they can tolerate. This prolongs time to remission, increasing suffering and risk for severe outcomes including disability and suicide. A promising approach to reduce early medication discontinuation or switching is through the strategic application of pharmacogenomics (PGx), which utilizes an individual's genetic information to refine dosing or better select an optimal medication. Extensive research has established how genetic variation may influence to what extent individuals metabolize medications commonly prescribed for mental illnesses. The evidence‐based integration of PGx information into clinical care necessitates a patient‐centered approach that considers many factors. Comprehensive medication management by pharmacists provides an optimal framework to incorporate PGx information to improve treatment precision in mental health.
Discovery of the covalent SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro inhibitors from antiviral herbs via integrating target‐based high‐throughput screening and chemoproteomic approaches
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ni , Zhu Guang‐Hao , Liu Wei , Chen Xi‐Xiang , Xie Yuan‐Yuan , Xu Jian‐Rong , Jiang Mei‐Fang , Zhuang Xiao‐Yu , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Chen Hong‐Zhuan , Ge Guang‐Bo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe main proteases (Mpro) are highly conserved cysteine‐rich proteins that can be covalently modified by numerous natural and synthetic compounds. Herein, we constructed an integrative approach to efficiently discover covalent inhibitors of Mpro from complex herbal matrices. This work begins with biological screening of 60 clinically used antiviral herbal medicines, among which Lonicera japonica Flos (LJF) demonstrated the strongest anti‐Mpro effect (IC50 = 37.82 μg/mL). Mass spectrometry (MS)‐based chemical analysis and chemoproteomic profiling revealed that LJF extract contains at least 50 constituents, of which 22 exhibited the capability to covalently modify Mpro. We subsequently verified the anti‐Mpro effects of these covalent binders. Gallic acid and quercetin were found to potently inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Mpro in dose‐ and time‐ dependent manners, with the IC50 values below 10 µM. The inactivation kinetics, binding affinity and binding mode of gallic acid and quercetin were further characterized by fluorescence resonance energy transfer, surface plasmon resonance, and covalent docking simulations. Overall, this study established a practical approach for efficiently discovering the covalent inhibitors of Mpro from herbal medicines by integrating target‐based high‐throughput screening and MS‐based assays, which would greatly facilitate the discovery of key antiviral constituents from medicinal plants.
Sex differences in stress‐induced hyperalgesia and its mechanisms
Authors: Gao Qiang , Liu Mei‐Qi , Li Jia‐Xin , Wang Yi , Zhang Ying , Zhu Hui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractChronic stress induces a variety of physiological and/or psychological abnormalities, including hyperalgesia. Researchers have discovered sex differences in the prevalence of stress‐induced hyperalgesia (SIH) in recent years. Sex differences may be one of the reasons for the heterogeneity of susceptibility to stress‐related diseases. In this review, the potential mechanisms of sex differences in SIH are discussed, such as hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis responses, regulation of sex hormones, and immune system responses.
Temperature variation in the South Orkney Islands, maritime Antarctic
Authors: Lu Hua , Cowell Steve , King John , Orr Andrew , Phillips Tony , Dobb Emilia , Xue Jonathan , Kucieba Sabina , Phillips Guy , Marshall Gareth 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMeteorological records at Signy Station in the South Orkney Islands (SOIs) have recently been digitized to cover the period of 1947–1995. This study compares the newly available near‐surface air temperatures at Signy with those from a nearby station, Orcadas and with reanalysis datasets to provide a more comprehensive picture of the weather and climate variability in the SOIs. Temperatures from both stations show a higher degree of variability in winter than summer, but the variability differs in terms of its relationship to the dominant wind directions and sea ice influences. The two stations differ markedly in terms of their respective warm temperature events, largely due to orography‐induced föhn winds at Signy Station as northwesterlies flow over Coronation Island. ERA5 reproduces the monthly to annual averages exceedingly well but underestimates both cold and warm tails of station temperatures. Temperature trends in the SOIs are also considered in terms of changes in large‐scale circulation and the sea surface temperature over the Brazil‐Falkland Confluence. However, caution is required in interpreting the long‐term temperature trends estimated from reanalysis data as most of the reanalyses show a cold bias before 1979, which is most likely caused by misrepresentation of the sea ice.
Wine prices in economics: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Le Fur Eric , Thelisson Anne‐Sophie , Guyottot Olivier 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis article presents a literature review and a bibliometric analysis of academic research on wine prices in economics. The study comprises a review of 180 articles published in journals between 1992 and 2022. Bibliometric and science mapping methods apply indicators identifying the most prominent journals, authors, countries, institutions, topics, most published and cited articles, co‐authorship, bibliographic coupling, cited references, and keywords. This approach highlights the importance of four clusters in the literature: determinants of the wine prices, demand and consumption of wine, fine wine as an alternative investment, and quality and brand reputation of Bordeaux wines. This study shows many areas for further research within and outside these clusters.
Determining nitrogen topdressing rates in accordance with actual seedling density and crop nitrogen status in direct‐seeded rice
Authors: Peng Bilin , Wang Xinyu , Hu Xiangyu , Liu Yanzhuo , Liang Kaiming , Fu Youqiang , Hu Rui , Li Meijuan , Ye Qunhuan , Yin Yuanhong , Pan Junfeng , Zhong Xuhua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdjusting nitrogen (N) input based on actual seedling density (ASD) and plant N status is a practical approach for improving the yield stability of direct‐seeded rice. However, the adjustment of topdressing N rates has been empirical in the past. This study aimed to establish a quantitative approach for determining N topdressing rates during tillering (Ntil) and panicle development (NPI) based on ASD and crop N status in direct‐seeded rice. Field experiments were conducted involving 12 treatments, consisting of four Ntil and three seeding rates in 2017, and eight treatments combining seeding rate, Ntil, and NPI in 2020.RESULTSLinear regression analysis revealed that the tiller number at panicle initiation (TILPI) was predominantly influenced by ASD and Ntil. The determination coefficients (R2) of the regression models ranged from 0.887 to 0.936 across the four‐season experiments. The results indicated that Ntil could be determined accurately using ASD and the target maximum tiller number. Similarly, grain yield was influenced significantly by the N uptake at panicle initiation (NUPPI) and NPI, with R2 of 0.814 and 0.783 in the early and late seasons of 2020, respectively. This suggested that NPI could be calculated based on NUPPI and the target grain yield.CONCLUSIONThe findings offer a quantitative method for establishing N topdressing rates for tillering and panicle development, relying on the monitoring of actual seedling density and plant N status in direct‐seeded rice production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Role of Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Peyronie Disease
Authors: Zhao Sheng , Wu Xu , Zhang Yuyang , Zhang Chaoxue 
Published: November 2023

ObjectivesThe present study aims to explore the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of Peyronie disease (PD).MethodsA total of 59 PD patients and 59 age‐matched healthy adult men were included in this study. The B‐mode ultrasound (US) and SWE were performed for all subjects, and the Young modulus (YM) values of the corresponding regions of the penis in the PD and control groups were recorded and compared.ResultsThe mean age of the included PD patients and age‐matched controls was 53.81 years (SD 9.52, range 32–73). On B‐mode US evaluation, 41 (69.5%) of 59 included PD patients were found to have penile plaques, and the remaining 18 (30.5%) patients had no evidence of penile plaque. After evaluation using SWE, the YM values in the penile plaque region of these 41 patients with penile dysplasia were found to be significantly higher (60.29 kPa ± 19.95) than those outside the plaque (in the same patient) (21.05 kPa ± 4.58) and in the same penile region of the control group (20.59 kPa ± 4.65) (P < .001). In the remaining 18 PD patients, the results showed that the YM value of the abnormal penile region in the PD patients (56.67 kPa ± 13.52) was significantly higher than the YM value outside the abnormal penile region in the same patients (22.79 kPa ± 4.31) and in the same penile region in the control group (19.87 kPa ± 3.48) (P < .001; P < .001).ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study showed that SWE as a non‐invasive technique is useful in identifying and differentiating penile plaques in PD patients and is a simple, rapid and complementary method to B‐mode US.
HOW TO BECOME A HUMAN LEADER: BETTER CONNECT WITH YOURSELF SO YOU CAN BETTER CONNECT WITH OTHERS
Authors: le Gentil Hortense 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe author, a global executive leadership coach, believes that “today’s leaders cannot pretend to know all the answers and come up with all the solutions and rely on the pervasive but outdated playbook of what I call the “superhero leader”: the infallible, unflappable and fearless leader issuing directives from the corporate mountain top.” She notes that “human leadership is not about being “soft” or “nice.” It is about the ability to connect with the perspectives and emotions of others—whether employees, customers, or shareholders—to better serve their needs.” She discusses such concepts as mindtraps and mindsets, and how these affect organizational executives and leaders. She outlines a three‐step process: 1. Identifying Mindtraps 2. Engineering a Mindshift 3. Practice Mindbuild. Within part one, for instance, she discusses trauma, identity, role, and whose voice is it? Within part 2, challenge your beliefs, challenge your fears, and release the past. In part 3, Define your unique identity as a human leader and Practices to better connect with yourself. She further elaborates that “the journey from mindtrap to mindshift and mindbuild has a profound impact on those who undertake it, unleashing a deep and lasting transformation on multiple levels.”
Unusual Shell Morphologies of Responsive Amino Core‐Shell Microgels Induced by pH During Shell Synthesis
Authors: Annegarn Marco , Ehring Ina , Hellweg Thomas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe properties of pH‐responsive microgels are strongly influenced by the pH value during synthesis. In this work, based on a N‐n‐propylacrylamide (NNPAM) core with N‐3‐(dimethylamino)propylmethacrylamide (DAPMA) as a comonomer, a series of core‐shell microgels with shells from NNPAM and N‐(3‐aminopropyl)methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMH) are synthesized at different pH values. While the swelling behavior is studied with temperature‐ and angle‐dependent photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), the size and morphology are also investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and static light scattering (SLS). At acidic pH, rather monodisperse microgels with a very fuzzy shell are obtained. The microgels evolve particulate structures on their shell at intermediate pH until not only a core‐shell microgel but also a secondary microgel species is produced at basic pH. By altering the synthesis pH, it is possible to influence the morphology of core‐shell microgels to suit future applications like the uptake and release of drugs or surface modification.
Twisted Iwasawa invariants of knots
Authors: Tange Ryoto , Ueki Jun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLet be a prime number and an integer coprime to . In the spirit of arithmetic topology, we introduce the notions of the twisted Iwasawa invariants of ‐representations and ‐covers of knots. We prove among other things that the set of Iwasawa invariants determines the genus and the fiberedness of a knot, yielding their profinite rigidity. Several intuitive examples are attached. We further prove the theorem for ‐representations of twist knot groups and give some remarks.
An analytical solution for the dynamic response of a seawater‐sloping seabed‐bedrock system under an oblique incident SV wave
Authors: Shan Zhendong , Xie Zhinan , Li Jinkai , Dong Rui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe characteristics of seabed ground motion are the theoretical basis for the study of seawater‐soil‐structure interactions and seismic‐induced geological hazards. There are numerous offshore marine structures located on sloping seabeds. Therefore, the sloping seabed's seismic response requires to be investigated. Engineers and scholars are more interested in the SV waves because they carry more energy than the P waves in earthquakes. An analytical solution for the steady‐state response of the inclined seafloor under an oblique incident SV wave is offered. The impacts of the seafloor angle on the fluid pressure and displacement of the saturated sediment layer are investigated under different incident wave frequencies, incident angles, and thicknesses of the seawater layer and sediment layer. By observing along the seabed surface, we discovered that the slope angle might cause considerable variances between different positions even at a small site. While examining the seabed at varying depths, we discovered that the incline angle has distinct impacts on different areas of the seabed. It has an amplifying effect at some depths and a reducing effect at other depths. Generally, as the slope angle increases, the distinction between the responses of the inclined and horizontal seabed becomes more prominent. Especially when the incidence angle of the SV waves is near the critical angle, the impacts of the slope angle become more significant. Even if the horizontal seabed model is employed with the same seawater depth, it is not suitable for analyzing the seismic response of a sloping seabed. Otherwise, significant errors would arise.
Topology optimization considering self‐weight
Authors: Masarczyk Daniela , Kuhl Detlef 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn civil engineering self‐weight loading usually represents the preponderant load case and shall therefore be considered in structural optimization. The present study investigates numerical topology optimization of structural stiffness with a bound on disposable amount of material. A customized topology optimization routine based on Sequential Quadratic Programming was built and is examined by means of known benchmark problems complemented by consideration of self‐weight. This study aims to highlight the relevance of consideration of self‐weight in resource efficient structural design by demonstrating its impact on the optimal structural layout.
Effects of online citizen participation on legitimacy beliefs in local government. Evidence from a comparative study of online participation platforms in three German municipalities
Authors: Escher Tobias , Rottinghaus Bastian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn order to generate legitimacy for policies and political institutions, governments regularly involve citizens in the decision‐making process, increasingly so via the Internet. This research investigates if online participation does indeed impact positively on legitimacy beliefs of those citizens engaging with the process, and which particular aspects of the participation process, the individual participants, and the local context contribute to these changes. Our surveys of participants in almost identical online consultations in three German municipalities show that the participation process and its expected results have a sizeable effect on satisfaction with local political authorities and local regime performance. While most participants report at least slightly more positive perceptions that are mainly output‐oriented, for some engagement with the process leads not to more, but in fact to less legitimacy. We find this to be the case both for those participants who remain silent and for those who participate intensively. Our results also confirm the important role of existing individual resources and context‐related attitudes such as trust in and satisfaction with local (not national) politics. Finally, our analysis shows that online participation is able to enable constructive discussion, deliver useful results, and attract people who would not have participated offline to engage.
Engineered antigen‐binding fragments for enhanced crystallization of antibody:antigen complexes
Authors: Bruce Heather A. , Singer Alexander U. , Filippova Ekaterina V. , Blazer Levi L. , Adams Jarrett J. , Enderle Leonie , Ben‐David Moshe , Radley Elizabeth H. , Mao Daniel Y. L. , Pau Victor , Orlicky Stephen , Sicheri Frank , Kurinov Igor , Atwell Shane , Kossiakoff Anthony A. , Sidhu Sachdev S. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe atomic‐resolution structural information that X‐ray crystallography can provide on the binding interface between a Fab and its cognate antigen is highly valuable for understanding the mechanism of interaction. However, many Fab:antigen complexes are recalcitrant to crystallization, making the endeavor a considerable effort with no guarantee of success. Consequently, there have been significant steps taken to increase the likelihood of Fab:antigen complex crystallization by altering the Fab framework. In this investigation, we applied the surface entropy reduction strategy coupled with phage‐display technology to identify a set of surface substitutions that improve the propensity of a human Fab framework to crystallize. In addition, we showed that combining these surface substitutions with previously reported Crystal Kappa and elbow substitutions results in an extraordinary improvement in Fab and Fab:antigen complex crystallizability, revealing a strong synergistic relationship between these sets of substitutions. Through comprehensive Fab and Fab:antigen complex crystallization screenings followed by structure determination and analysis, we defined the roles that each of these substitutions play in facilitating crystallization and how they complement each other in the process.