bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Backsliding Rule of Law and “Stabilitocracy” in Montenegro
Authors: Đuković Mirko 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMontenegro has been praised for advancing the farthest in the EU accession process. Each EU candidate state must align its legal, political, and economic framework with the acquis. The negotiation process has lasted for ten years, and although much has been achieved in harmonizing the legislation, progress reports warn that implementation needs to be improved. The core of the rule of law is effective judicial protection. Montenegro adopted the necessary amendments to its Constitution in 2013 and carried out justice reform as expected by its Western partners; however, the rule of law backsliding has become evident. This chapter analyzes the transition process and its effects on the rule of law. It identifies the extrinsic and intrinsic layers of reform that correlate with the ongoing institutional and constitutional crises. In this framework, the chapter shows the vulnerability of the legal system against political constraints such as ethnopolitical division, partocracy, hegemony, and “stabilitocracy.” The Constitutional Court was held hostage by opposing political blocks failing to elect judges. The chapter suggests that Montenegro is officially in the fourth transition period, potentially presenting an opportunity for a radical turn in political culture amidst the rising populism and contested geopolitical issues. The country needs to be freed from hegemonic tendencies in governance with a new constitutional framework that would secure respect for the rule of law.
Two-loop form factors for diphoton production in quark annihilation channel with heavy quark mass dependence
Authors: Becchetti Matteo , Bonciani Roberto , Cieri Leandro , Coro Federico , Ripani Federico 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present the computation of the two-loop form factors for diphoton production in the quark annihilation channel. These quantities are relevant for the NNLO QCD corrections to diphoton production at LHC recently presented in [1]. The computation is performed retaining full dependence on the mass of the heavy quark in the loops. The master integrals are evaluated by means of differential equations which are solved exploiting the generalised power series technique.
New boundary conditions in Einstein-scalar gravity in three dimensions
Authors: Anabalón Andrés , González Hernán A. , Neira-Gallegos Aníbal , Oliva Julio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We analyze the backreaction of a class of scalar field self-interactions with the possibility of evolving from an AdS vacuum to a fixed point where the scalar field potential vanishes. Exact solutions which interpolate between these regions, ranging from stationary black hole to dynamical spacetimes are constructed. Their surface charges are finite but non-integrable. We study the properties of these charges on the solutions. In particular, we show that the integrable part of the charges provides a realization of the conformal algebra by means of a modification of the Dirac bracket proposed by Barnich and Troessaert. The latter construction allows for a field dependent central extension, whose value tends to the Brown-Henneaux central charge at late times.
p → ∞ limit of tachyon correlators in (2, 2p + 1) minimal Liouville gravity from classical Liouville theory
Authors: Artemev A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Previously it was suggested, motivated by correspondence with JT gravity, that tachyon correlators in (2, 2p+1) minimal Liouville gravity (MLG) in the p → ∞ (semiclassical) limit should be interpreted as moduli space volumes for constant curvature surfaces with conical defects. In this work we propose that these volumes are associated with Kähler metrics on moduli spaces introduced by Zograf and Takhtajan, for which the classical Liouville action is a Kähler potential. We check this proposal by numerical calculation of these Kähler metrics and associated volumes for the simplest example of genus 0 surface with 4 conical defects, using conformal field theory. A peculiar property of MLG correlators is proportionality to number of conformal blocks in a certain region of parameter space; in a particular limiting case, we check this property for the volumes following from classical Liouville action and thus provide an analytic confirmation of our proposal.
Hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health
Authors: Louro Henriqueta , Vettorazzi Ariane , López de Cerain Adela , Spyropoulou Anastasia , Solhaug Anita , Straumfors Anne , Behr Anne-Cathrin , Mertens Birgit , Žegura Bojana , Fæste Christiane Kruse , Ndiaye Dieynaba , Spilioti Eliana , Varga Elisabeth , Dubreil Estelle , Borsos Eszter , Crudo Francesco , Eriksen Gunnar Sundstøl , Snapkow Igor , Henri Jérôme , Sanders Julie , Machera Kyriaki , Gaté Laurent , Le Hegarat Ludovic , Novak Matjaž , Smith Nicola M. , Krapf Solveig , Hager Sonja , Fessard Valérie , Kohl Yvonne , Silva Maria João , Dirven Hubert , Dietrich Jessica , Marko Doris 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFungi of the genus Alternaria are ubiquitous plant pathogens and saprophytes which are able to grow under varying temperature and moisture conditions as well as on a large range of substrates. A spectrum of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with toxic potential has been identified, but occurrence and relative proportion of the different metabolites in complex mixtures depend on strain, substrate, and growth conditions. This review compiles the available knowledge on hazard identification and characterization of Alternaria toxins. Alternariol (AOH), its monomethylether AME and the perylene quinones altertoxin I (ATX-I), ATX-II, ATX-III, alterperylenol (ALP), and stemphyltoxin III (STTX-III) showed in vitro genotoxic and mutagenic properties. Of all identified Alternaria toxins, the epoxide-bearing analogs ATX-II, ATX-III, and STTX-III show the highest cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic potential in vitro. Under hormone-sensitive conditions, AOH and AME act as moderate xenoestrogens, but in silico modeling predicts further Alternaria toxins as potential estrogenic factors. Recent studies indicate also an immunosuppressive role of AOH and ATX-II; however, no data are available for the majority of Alternaria toxins. Overall, hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins focused, so far, primarily on the commercially available dibenzo-α-pyrones AOH and AME and tenuazonic acid (TeA). Limited data sets are available for altersetin (ALS), altenuene (ALT), and tentoxin (TEN). The occurrence and toxicological relevance of perylene quinone-based Alternaria toxins still remain to be fully elucidated. We identified data gaps on hazard identification and characterization crucial to improve risk assessment of Alternaria mycotoxins for consumers and occupationally exposed workers.
Great potential of flaxseed mucilage
Authors: Kučka Matúš , Harenčár Ľubomír , Ražná Katarína , Nôžková Janka , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz , Deyholos Michael , Dziedzic Krzysztof , Rybicka Iga , Zembrzuska Joanna , Kačániová Miroslava , Ivanišová Eva , Gažo Ján , Čerteková Simona , Tomka Marián 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMucilage is one of the key components of flaxseed (which is also called linseed), and exhibits unique functional properties such as high water-holding capacity, and foamability. As a result, flaxseed mucilage has applications in food, agriculture, medicine and other industries. The composition and functional properties of mucilage vary between genotypes. To explore this variation, we characterized the mucilage of nine diverse varieties of flaxseed according a range of parameters including: morphology, mucilage content, fibre content, minerals, phenolic acids, polyphenols, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity. We found significant differences between the genotypes in almost all of the parameters tested. Furthermore, we found a strong correlation between several of these parameters, including antioxidant activity, hydroxycinnamic acid, and sugar content. Antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria was correlated with fibre content and potassium content, while chlorogenic acid content was correlated with suppression of Gram negative bacteria. These results provide a framework for crop improvement further development of functional and value-added products from flaxseed.
Anesthesia/surgery-induced learning and memory dysfunction by inhibiting mitophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation in aged mice
Authors: Lu Jian , Zong Youming , Tao Xiaoyan , Dai Hongyu , Song Jiale , Zhou Hongmei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication, not only affects the quality of life of the elderly and increases the mortality rate, but also brings a greater burden to the family and society. Previous studies demonstrated that Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participates in various inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. However, possible mitophagy mechanism in anesthesia/surgery-elicited NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains to be elucidated. Hence, this study clarified whether mitophagy dysfunction is related to anesthesia/surgery-elicited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. POCD model was established in aged C57BL/6 J mice by tibial fracture fixation under isoflurane anesthesia. Morris Water Maze (MWM) was used to evaluate learning and memory abilities. We found that in vitro experiments, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly facilitated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitophagy inhibition in BV2 cells. Rapamycin restored mitophagy and improved mitochondrial function, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by LPS. In vivo experiments, anesthesia and surgery caused upregulation of hippocampal NLRP3, caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), and downregulation of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3II (LC3II) and Beclin1 in aged mice. Olaparib inhibited anesthesia/surgery-induced NLRP3, ASC, and IL-1β over-expression in the hippocampus, while upregulated the expression of LC3II and Beclin1. Furthermore, Olaparib improved cognitive impairment in older mice. These results revealed that mitophagy was involved in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated anesthesia/surgery-induced cognitive deficits in aged mice. Overall, our results suggested that mitophagy was related in NLRP3 inflammasome-induced cognitive deficits after anesthesia and surgery in aged mice. Activating mitophagy may have clinical benefits in the prevention of cognitive impairment induced by anesthesia and surgery in elderly patients.
LncRNA-mir3471-limd1 regulatory network plays critical roles in HIBD
Authors: Sun Li , Wan Jun , Sun Bin , Tian Qiuyan , Li Mei , Xu Li-Xiao , Feng Chen-Xi , Tong Xiao , Feng Xing , Yang Xiaofeng , Ding Xin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the target genes of tcon_00044595, elucidate its activation site, and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of neonatal hypoxic–ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Through homologous blast analysis, we identified predicted target sequences in the neighboring regions of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) tcon_00044595, suggesting that limd1 is its target gene. Starbase was utilized to identify potential candidate microRNAs associated with the lncRNA. The interaction between the candidate microRNAs and limd1 was investigated and validated using various experimental methods including in vitro cell culture, cell transfection, dual fluorescence reporter detection system, and real-time PCR. Homology alignment analysis revealed that the lncRNA tcon_00044595 exhibited a 246 bp homologous sequence at the 3' end of the adjacent limd1 gene, with a conservation rate of 68%. Analysis conducted on Starbase online identified three potential microRNA candidates: miR-3471, miR-883a-5p, and miR-214-3p. Intracellular expression of the limd1 gene was significantly down-regulated upon transfection with miR-3471, while the other two microRNAs did not produce noticeable effects. Luciferase reporter assays identified two interaction sites (UTR-1, UTR-2) between miR-3471 and the limd1 3ʹUTR, with UTR-1 exhibiting a strong influence. Further CCK8 assay indicated a protective role of miR-3471 during low oxygen stroke in HIBD. The potential regulatory relationship between lncRNA (tcon_00044595), miR-3471, and the target gene limd1 suggests their involvement in the occurrence and development of HIBD, providing new insights for investigating the underlying mechanisms and exploring targeted therapeutic approaches for HIBD.
Quantifying cup overhang after total hip arthroplasty: standardized measurement using reformatted computed tomography and association of overhang distance with iliopsoas impingement
Authors: Marth Adrian A. , Ofner Christian , Zingg Patrick O. , Sutter Reto 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Currently, there is no standardized measurement method for evaluating cup overhang (CO) in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). We propose a novel, standardized method of measuring overhang distance in patients following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) on computed tomography (CT) images after multiplanar reformation and compare it to a previously proposed measurement method on sagittal CT images.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included patients who underwent primary THA with an anterior approach. Patients with cup overhang (CO) and iliopsoas impingement (IPI) were identified by clinical and imaging data. Uncorrected overhang distance (ODu) was evaluated on orthogonal sagittal CT images while corrected overhang distance (ODc) was evaluated on reformatted sagittal CT images corrected for pelvic rotation and aligned with the plane of the cup face.

Results
Out of 220 patients with THA, 23 patients (10.4%) with CO and 16 patients (7.3%) with IPI were identified. CO was significantly associated to IPI (p < 0.001). The inter- and intrareader agreement was almost perfect for ODc (κ = 0.822, κ = 0.850), whereas it was fair and moderate for ODu (κ = 0.391, κ = 0.455), respectively. The discriminative ability of ODc was excellent (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.909 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.784–1.000)) in the receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conversely, AUC for ODu was poor, measuring 0.677 (95% CI 0.433–0.921).

Conclusion
We implemented a novel measurement method for CT images reformatted at the plane of the cup face to assess overhang distance in patients with CO following THA.

Clinical relevance statement
While further validation is necessary, the proposed method is characterized by its high reproducibility and might be used to predict the occurrence of iliopsoas impingement in patients with cup overhang following total hip arthroplasty.

Key Points
• A novel, standardized method of measuring cup overhang distance in patients following primary total hip arthroplasty on CT images is proposed.
• Cup overhang was associated to iliopsoas impingement. The proposed method was reproducible and showed excellent prediction of iliopsoas impingement in patients with cup overhang.
• This method can be implemented in clinical practice when assessing CT images of patients with cup overhang for iliopsoas impingement.
Abdominal lymphocele following multi-level anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) managed with a laparoscopic peritoneal window: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Collins Andrew P. , Freise Christopher E. , Hiramoto Jade , Clark Aaron J. , Theologis Alekos A. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Lymphocele formation following anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is not common, but it can pose diagnostic and treatment challenges. The purpose of this case is to report for the first time the treatment of a postoperative lymphocele following a multi-level ALIF using a peritoneal window made through a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach.

Methods
Case report.

Results
A 74-year-old male with a history of prostatectomy and pelvic radiation underwent a staged L3–S1 ALIF (left paramedian approach) and T10-pelvis posterior instrumented with L1–5 decompression/posterior column osteotomies for degenerative scoliosis and neurogenic claudication. Three weeks after surgery, swelling of the left abdomen and entire left leg was reported. Computed tomography of the abdomen/pelvis demonstrated a large (19.2 × 12.0 × 15.4 cm) retroperitoneal fluid collection with compression of the left ureter and left common iliac vein. Fluid analysis (80% lymphocytes) was consistent with a lymphocele. Percutaneous drainage for 4 days was ineffective at clearing the lymphocele. For more definitive management, the patient underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic creation of a peritoneal window to allow passive drainage of lymphatic fluid into the abdomen. Three years after surgery, he had no back or leg pain, had achieved spinal union, and had no abdominal swelling or left leg swelling. Advanced imaging also confirmed resolution of the lymphocele.

Conclusions
In this case report, creation of a peritoneal window minimally invasively via a laparoscope allowing passive drainage of lymphatic fluid into the abdomen was safe and effective for management of an abdominal lymphocele following a multi-level ALIF.
Towards identifying the characteristics of youth with severe and enduring mental health problems in practice: a qualitative study
Authors: Bansema C. H. , Vermeiren R. R. J. M. , Nijland L. , de Soet R. , Roeleveld J. , van Ewijk H. , Nooteboom L. A. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA group of youth with severe and enduring mental health problems (SEMHP) falls between the cracks of the child-and-adolescent psychiatry (CAP) system. An insufficient understanding of these youth’s mental health problems results in a failure to accurately identify and provide support to these youth. To gain a deeper understanding, the aim of this study is to explore characteristics of youth with SEMHP in clinical practice based on the experiences of youth and clinicians in CAP. This qualitative study consisted of 20 semi-structured interviews with 10 youth with lived experience and 10 specialized clinicians in CAP. Both a thematic and content analysis was conducted to identify, assess, and report themes associated with youth with SEMHP. Themes were individual characteristics such as trauma, masking, self-destructive behavior, interpersonal distrust as well as environmental and systematic characteristics including parental stressors, social isolation and societal stressors, which go beyond the existing classifications. These characteristics profoundly impact youth’s daily functioning across various life domains, creating an interactive process, ultimately leading to elusive mental health problems and overwhelming feelings of hopelessness. The authors recommend proper assessment of characteristics in all life domains affected and their perpetuating effect on SEMHP during diagnostics in CAP. Engaging in a dialogue with youth themselves is crucial due to the nature of youth’s characteristics, which frequently transcend traditional classifications and may not be immediately discernible. It also requires an integrated care approach, entailing collaborations between educational institutions and mental healthcare providers, and attention to potential indicators of deficits in the healthcare system and society.
Impact of Long COVID on productivity and informal caregiving
Authors: Kwon Joseph , Milne Ruairidh , Rayner Clare , Rocha Lawrence Román , Mullard Jordan , Mir Ghazala , Delaney Brendan , Sivan Manoj , Petrou Stavros 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Around 2 million people in the UK suffer from Long COVID (LC). Of concern is the disease impact on productivity and informal care burden. This study aimed to quantify and value productivity losses and informal care receipt in a sample of LC patients in the UK.

Methods
The target population comprised LC patients referred to LC specialist clinics. The questionnaires included a health economics questionnaire (HEQ) measuring productivity impacts, informal care receipt and service utilisation, EQ-5D-5L, C19-YRS LC condition-specific measure, and sociodemographic and COVID-19 history variables. Outcomes were changes from the incident infection resulting in LC to the month preceding the survey in paid work status/h, work income, work performance and informal care receipt. The human capital approach valued productivity losses; the proxy goods method valued caregiving hours. The values were extrapolated nationally using published prevalence data. Multilevel regressions, nested by region, estimated associations between the outcomes and patient characteristics.

Results
366 patients responded to HEQ (mean LC duration 449.9 days). 51.7% reduced paid work hours relative to the pre-infection period. Mean monthly work income declined by 24.5%. The average aggregate value of productivity loss since incident infection was £10,929 (95% bootstrap confidence interval £8,844-£13,014) and £5.7 billion (£3.8-£7.6 billion) extrapolated nationally. The corresponding values for informal caregiving were £8,726 (£6,247-£11,204) and £4.8 billion (£2.6-£7.0 billion). Multivariate analyses found significant associations between each outcome and health utility and C19-YRS subscale scores.

Conclusion
LC significantly impacts productivity losses and provision of informal care, exacerbated by high national prevalence of LC.
Graded Abilities and Action Fragility
Authors: Storrs-Fox David 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRecent work by Alfred Mele, Romy Jaster and Chandra Sripada recognizes that abilities come in degrees of fallibility. The rough idea is that abilities are often not surefire. They are liable to fail. The more liable an ability is to fail, the more fallible it is. Fallibility is plausibly significant for addiction, responsibility, and normative theorizing. However, we lack an adequate account of what fallibility consists in. This article addresses that problem. Perhaps the most natural approach is to say (roughly) the fallibility of your ability to F is the proportion of scenarios in which you do not F, among those in which you try to F. I argue that this approach (in all plausible versions) is mistaken. I then introduce the notion of an action’s “fragility,” and propose that we use that new notion to understand fallibility.
Values for Restricted Games with Externalities
Authors: Albizuri M. Josune , Masuya Satoshi , Zarzuelo José M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe study cooperative games in which some of the coalitions are not viable and in addition, there are externalities among the feasible coalitions. These games are called here restricted partition function form games. For this class of games, two extensions of the Shapley value are proposed and characterized.