bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiplex PCR for Detection of Three Plasmid-Borne Genes of Enteroaggregative
Escherichia coli
Strains
Authors: Cerna Jorge F. , Nataro James P. , Estrada-Garcia Teresa 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We developed a novel multiplex PCR assay for enteroaggregative
Escherichia coli
(EAEC) detection, by using three plasmid-borne genes (the aggregative adherence [AA] probe,
aap
, and
aggR
). One or more of the loci were detected in 24 (86%) of 28 patient isolates analyzed. The multiplex PCR assay is a fast, convenient, and sensitive molecular test to detect EAEC.
Detection of Fluconazole-Resistant Isolates of
Candida glabrata
by Using an Agar Screen Assay
Authors: Nelson Susan M. , Cartwright Charles P. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

The ability of a fluconazole-containing agar screen assay to accurately detect isolates of
Candida glabrata
resistant to the azole antifungal agent fluconazole was evaluated on a collection of 100 clinical isolates of this organism. Results were correlated with the MIC of fluconazole for these isolates and compared with the results of a previously published disk diffusion-based fluconazole resistance screening test. Agar screen assay results were in categorical agreement with MIC-based determinations for 97% (97/100) of the isolates tested. This correlation was higher than that obtained with the disk diffusion technique, which categorized only 87% (87/100) of isolates correctly, and suggests that the agar screening approach can effectively expedite fluconazole susceptibility testing of
C. glabrata
isolates.
Kinetics and Significance of Serum Hepatitis C Virus Core Antigen in Patients with Acute Hepatitis C
Authors: Cividini Agostino , Cerino Antonella , Muzzi Alba , Furione Milena , Rebucci Chiara , Segagni Laura , Gatti Marta , Barnaba Vincenzo , Mondelli Mario U. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
An immunoassay detecting hepatitis C virus core antigen was evaluated for its ability to predict clinical outcome in a series of patients with acute hepatitis C. In subjects who cleared the virus, core antigen was no longer detectable within 16 weeks of onset, whereas considerable fluctuations were noted among patients progressing to chronic hepatitis, one of whom showed consistently negative values despite the intermittent presence of viral RNA.
Characterization of
Mycobacterium
montefiorense
sp. nov., a Novel Pathogenic Mycobacterium from Moray Eels That Is Related to
Mycobacterium
triplex
Authors: Levi Michael H. , Bartell John , Gandolfo Leanne , Smole Sandra C. , Costa Sylvia F. , Weiss Louis M. , Johnson Linda K. , Osterhout Gerard , Herbst Lawrence H. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

The characterization of a novel
Mycobacterium
sp. isolated from granulomatous skin lesions of moray eels is reported. Analysis of the
hsp65
gene, small-subunit rRNA gene, rRNA spacer region, and phenotypic characteristics demonstrate that this organism is distinct from its closest genetic match,
Mycobacterium
triplex
, and it has been named
M
.
montefiorense
sp. nov.
Performance of the OraQuick Rapid Antibody Test for Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Patients with Various Levels of Exposure to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: O'Connell Robert J. , Merritt Teresa M. , Malia Jennifer A. , VanCott Thomas C. , Dolan Matthew J. , Zahwa Hassan , Bradley William P. , Branson Bernard M. , Michael Nelson L. , De Witt Caroline C. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACTWith oral mucosal transudate and serum samples from 101 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected subjects and 100 HIV-1-negative volunteers, the OraQuick HIV-1 test demonstrated 100% specificity and 96% sensitivity. Four false-negative subjects, who were characterized by early initiation of effective antiretroviral therapy, demonstrated waning serum anti-gp41 titers and Western blot band intensities.
Risk of Occupational Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection for Health Care Workers
Authors: Gärtner Barbara C. , Kloss Alexandra , Kaul Harald , Sester Urban , Roemer Klaus , Pees Hans , Köhler Hans , Mueller-Lantzsch Nikolaus 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), or Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, is highly prevalent in certain risk groups (human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, transplant recipients, and patients on hemodialysis). Heath care workers caring for these patients were found to be more frequently infected with HHV-8 than staff caring for other patients (
P
< 0.01).
O-Antigen Serotypes and Type III Secretory Toxins in Clinical Isolates of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Faure Karine , Shimabukuro David , Ajayi Temitayo , Allmond Leonard R. , Sawa Teiji , Wiener-Kronish Jeanine P. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

The association of O-antigen serotypes with type III secretory toxins was analyzed in 99 clinical isolates of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
. Isolates secreting ExoU were frequently serotyped as O11, but none were serotype O1. Most of the isolates that were nontypeable for O antigen did not secrete type III secretory toxins.
Usefulness of Urinary Antigen Detection by an Immunochromatographic Test for Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Domínguez J. , Blanco S. , Rodrigo C. , Azuara M. , Galí N. , Mainou A. , Esteve A. , Castellví A. , Prat C. , Matas L. , Ausina V. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
We evaluated an immunochromatographic assay detecting pneumococcal antigen in urine samples from children diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia. The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic test with nonconcentrated urine (NCU) were 86.7 and 62.9%, respectively; with concentrated urine (CU), they were 100 and 11.7%, respectively. Pneumococcal antigen was also detected in 42.5% of NCU and 87.1% of CU samples from nasopharyngeal carriers. This is a nonspecific test for the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in children, particularly the very young.
Frequency of Amantadine-Resistant Influenza A Viruses during Two Seasons Featuring Cocirculation of H1N1 and H3N2
Authors: Saito Reiko , Sakai Takatsugu , Sato Isamu , Sano Yasuko , Oshitani Hitoshi , Sato Mizuho , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
In two influenza seasons during which H1N1 and H3N2 cocirculated, resistance was more frequent in H3N2 strains than in H1N1 strains after amantadine treatment. Predominant amino acid substitutions in M2 protein occurred at position 31 (serine to asparagine) in H3N2 strains and at position 27 (valine to alanine) in H1N1 strains.
A Serotype V Clone Is Predominant among Erythromycin-Resistant
Streptococcus agalactiae
Isolates in a Southwestern Region of Germany
Authors: von Both Ulrich , Ruess Michael , Mueller Urban , Fluegge Kirsten , Sander Anna , Berner Reinhard 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

One hundred ninety-three
Streptococcus agalactiae
isolates of neonatal origin and 146 isolates from adult women were analyzed for macrolide resistance and investigated for clonality. Among erythromycin-resistant isolates, serotype V turned out to be the most frequent. Comparative pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed genetic clustering of resistant strains and predominance of a single clone family within an otherwise heterogeneous serotype V population.
Rapid Screening for
Streptococcus agalactiae
in Vaginal Specimens of Pregnant Women by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization
Authors: Artz Laura A. , Kempf Volkhard A. J. , Autenrieth Ingo B. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
Group B streptococci (GBS) are the most frequent pathogens in neonates with sepsis. A rapid screening method is required to identify carriage of GBS in pregnant women at the time of delivery. In order to detect GBS in vaginal specimens, the efficiency of the standard culture versus fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was investigated. In 258 examined vaginal specimens, FISH identified 58 of the 59 GBS-positive samples (98.3%), whereas by means of standard culture only 38 specimens were positive (64.4%). We recommend FISH as a rapid, specific, highly sensitive screening technique for the detection of GBS in pregnant women at delivery.
Pilot Study of COBAS PCR and Ligase Chain Reaction for Detection of Rectal Infections Due to
Chlamydia trachomatis
Authors: Golden Matthew R. , Astete Sabina G. , Galvan Rosa , Lucchetti Aldo , Sanchez Jorge , Celum Connie L. , Whittington William L. H. , Stamm Walter E. , Holmes King K. , Totten Patricia A. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We tested rectal specimens from men who have sex with men for
Chlamydia trachomatis
by using COBAS PCR (Roche Diagnostics) and ligase chain reaction LCR (Abbott laboratories) and compared three PCR specimen-processing procedures. Chlamydiae were detected by one or more procedures in 22 of 186 specimens. All three PCR tests were positive for 17 specimens, all of which also tested positive by LCR.
Variation in Susceptibility of Bloodstream Isolates of
Candida glabrata
to Fluconazole According to Patient Age and Geographic Location
Authors: Pfaller M. A. , Messer S. A. , Boyken L. , Tendolkar S. , Hollis R. J. , Diekema D. J. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We examined the susceptibilities to fluconazole of 559 bloodstream infection isolates of
Candida glabrata
and grouped the isolates by patient age and geographic location within the United States. Susceptibility of
C. glabrata
to fluconazole was lowest in the Pacific (44%) and East South Central (47%) regions and was highest in the West South Central region (82%) (regions are as designated by the U.S. Bureau of the Census). Isolates from pediatric patients were virtually all susceptible to fluconazole, whereas the highest frequency of resistance was observed in isolates from patients 16 to 64 years of age.
Comparison of the Denka-Seiken INFLU A·B-Quick and BD Directigen Flu A+B Kits with Direct Fluorescent-Antibody Staining and Shell Vial Culture Methods for Rapid Detection of Influenza Viruses
Authors: Dunn James J. , Gordon Chris , Kelley Christy , Carroll Karen C. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
The INFLU A·B-Quick and Directigen Flu A+B enzyme immunoassays were compared with direct immunofluorescence and cell culture for detection of influenza A and B viruses in a total of 255 patient specimens. Both assays identified 23 of 42 influenza A viruses (sensitivity, 54.8%; specificity, 100%; positive predictive value [PPV], 100%; negative predictive value [NPV], 91.8%). The INFLU A·B-Quick assay identified 10 of 16 influenza B viruses (sensitivity, 62.5%; specificity, 99.6%; PPV, 90.9%; NPV, 97.5%), and the Directigen Flu A+B assay detected 9 of 16 influenza B viruses (sensitivity, 56.3%; specificity, 99.6%; PPV, 90%; NPV, 97.1%).
Detection of Circulating
Aspergillus fumigatus
Galactomannan: Value and Limits of the Platelia Test for Diagnosing Invasive Aspergillosis
Authors: Pinel Claudine , Fricker-Hidalgo Hélène , Lebeau Bernadette , Garban Frédéric , Hamidfar Rébecca , Ambroise-Thomas Pierre , Grillot Renée 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of galactomannan detection with the Platelia test was evaluated in a prospective study of 3,327 sera from 807 patients. The specificity was 99.6% (748 of 751 cases). For the groups of patients with proven and probable invasive aspergillosis, the sensitivity was 50.0% (17 of 34 cases). The disappointing sensitivity associated with the presence of rare false-positive cases underlines the limits of this test.
Human Group B Rotavirus Infections Cause Severe Diarrhea in Children and Adults in Bangladesh
Authors: Sanekata Takeshi , Ahmed Muzahed Uddin , Kader Abdul , Taniguchi Koki , Kobayashi Nobumichi 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT
Human group B rotavirus was detected in 12 of 220 adult patients and 2 of 67 child patients with severe diarrhea in Bangladesh. Group B rotavirus may be virulent in both adults and children, and the virus may be an especially serious diarrheal agent in Bangladesh.
Multilocus Sequence Typing Has Better Discriminatory Ability for Typing
Vibrio cholerae
than Does Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis and Provides a Measure of Phylogenetic Relatedness
Authors: Kotetishvili Mamuka , Stine O. Colin , Chen Yuansha , Kreger Arnold , Sulakvelidze Alexander , Sozhamannan Shanmuga , Morris, J. Glenn 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Twenty-two
Vibrio cholerae
isolates, including some from “epidemic” (O1 and O139) and “nonepidemic” serogroups, were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) by using three housekeeping genes, g
yrB
,
pgm
, and
recA
; sequence data were also obtained for the virulence-associated genes
tcpA
,
ctxA
, and
ctxB
. Even with the small number of loci used, MLST had better discriminatory ability than did PFGE. On MLST analysis, there was clear clustering of epidemic serogroups; much greater diversity was seen among
tcpA
- and
ctxAB-
positive
V. cholerae
strains from other, nonepidemic serogroups, with a number of
tcpA
and
ctxAB
alleles identified.
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Enzymes in Clinical Isolates ofEnterobacterSpecies from Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Aibinu I. E. , Ohaegbulam V. C. , Adenipekun E. A. , Ogunsola F. T. , Odugbemi T. O. , Mee B. J. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACTOver a 9-month period, 8 of 40 nonduplicate isolates ofEnterobacterspp. producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were detected for the first time from two hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria. Microbiologic and molecular analysis confirmed the presence of ESBL. Only four isolates transferred ESBL resistance as determined by the conjugation test, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed genetically unrelated isolates.
Influence of Lack of CO
2
on Anaerobic Bacteria: a Quick Method To Verify the Absence of CO
2
Authors: Killam Robbin L. , Barenfanger Joan , Cox Mike 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Since CO
2
is carbonic acid gas, it will decrease the pH if added to water. Therefore, a simple test can determine whether CO
2
is present in a gas mixture. If the pH of gassed water does not change significantly, then CO
2
is not present in the gas.
Genotyping of
Candida albicans
Oral Strains from Healthy Individuals by Polymorphic Microsatellite Locus Analysis
Authors: Dalle Frédéric , Dumont Laure , Franco Norélie , Mesmacque David , Caillot Denis , Bonnin Pierre , Moiroux Caroline , Vagner Odile , Cuisenier Bernadette , Lizard Sarab , Bonnin Alain 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Analysis of a polymorphic microsatellite locus was applied to 85
Candida albicans
strains from healthy individuals. Comparison with strains from nonhealthy individuals previously analyzed in our laboratory showed an overall similarity, suggesting that all commensal strains have the ability to develop as pathogens.
Search for Cytolethal Distending Toxin Production among Fecal
Escherichia Coli
Isolates from Brazilian Children with Diarrhea and without Diarrhea
Authors: Marques Lilian R. M. , Tavechio Ana T. , Abe Cecília M. , Gomes Tânia A. T. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

The enteropathogenic role of cytolethal distending toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
was investigated by searching sequences homologous to the
cdt
genes of an O86 strain among 2,074 isolates from 200 children with acute diarrhea and 200 controls in Brazil. Only one (0.5%) diarrheic child and two (1.0%) nondiarrheic controls harbored
cdt
-positive isolates.
Mutations in the
rpoB
Gene of Multidrug-Resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Isolates from China
Authors: Yue Jun , Shi Wei , Xie Jingping , Li Yao , Zeng Erliang , Wang Honghai 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Mutations in the 81-bp rifampin resistance determining region (RRDR) and mutation V176F locating at the beginning of the
ropB
gene were analyzed by DNA sequencing of 86
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
clinical isolates (72 resistant and 14 sensitive) from different parts of China. Sixty-five mutations of 22 distinct kinds, 21 point mutations, and 1 insertion were found in 65 of 72 resistant isolates. The most common mutations were in codons 531 (41%), 526 (40%), and 516 (4%). Mutations were not found in seven (10%) of the resistant isolates. Six new alleles within the RRDR, along with five novel mutations outside the RRDR, are reported. None of isolates contained the V176 mutation.
Novel Polymorphic Region of the
rpoB
Gene Containing
Mycobacterium
Species-Specific Sequences and Its Use in Identification of Mycobacteria
Authors: Lee Hyeyoung , Bang Hye-Eun , Bai Gill-Han , Cho Sang-Nae 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Sequence analysis of a specific region of the mycobacterium
rpoB
gene in 35 mycobacterial strains representing 26 different mycobacterial species of clinical importance showed that there exists a highly polymorphic region. Based on the sequences of the polymorphic region, the oligonucleotide probes of 14 mycobacterial species with relatively high clinical importance were designed and shown to be specific to their corresponding mycobacterial species by dot blot hybridization. The results showed that the probes designed in this study are highly specific to each mycobacterial species, which suggests that these sequences may be useful for the species identification of mycobacteria.
Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis Caused byVeronaeabotryosain the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Matsushita A. , Jilong L. , Hiruma M. , Kobayashi M. , Matsumoto T. , Ogawa H. , Padhye A. A. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACTThe second case of phaeohyphomycosis caused byVeronaea botryosain China, in a 12-year-old boy from Jiangsu Province, is presented. Based on direct examination of the scrapings from crusted lesions; histologic examination of the biopsy tissue showing septate, phaeoid hyphal elements; and the culture exhibiting sympodial, conidiogenous cells producing predominantly two-celled, cylindric conidia, the etiologic agent was identified asV. botryosa.
Spondylodiscitis Due to
Clostridium ramosum
Infection in an Immunocompetent Elderly Patient
Authors: Lavigne Jean-Philippe , Bouziges Nicole , Sotto Albert , Leroux Jean-Louis , Michaux-Charachon Sylvie 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

The first ever case of spondylodiscitis caused by
Clostridium ramosum
in an elderly immunocompetent patient has been reported.
C. ramosum
is usually an intestinal bacterium but may occasionally be isolated in clinical specimens as an opportunistic pathogen. This report shows that this anaerobic organism can cause bone tropism without there having been any contamination due to spinal surgery. The infection cleared after empirical therapy using intravenous amoxicillin and oral metronidazole.
Neonatal Sudden Death Due to
Legionella
Pneumonia Associated with Water Birth in a Domestic Spa Bath
Authors: Nagai Takuhito , Sobajima Hisanori , Iwasa Mitsuji , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Kura Fumiaki , Amemura-Maekawa Junko , Watanabe Haruo 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We report the first case of neonatal Legionnaires' disease associated with water birth in a spa bath at home.
Legionella pneumophila
serogroup 6 was detected from postmortem lung tissue.
Acute Flaccid Paralysis from Echovirus Type 33 Infection
Authors: Grimwood Keith , Huang Q. Sue , Sadleir Lynette G. , Nix W. Allan , Kilpatrick David R. , Oberste M. Steven , Pallansch Mark A. 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACTDuring a community echovirus type 33 outbreak, the virus was detected in the feces and cerebrospinal fluid of a 3-year-old boy with right arm weakness that followed a mild nonspecific febrile illness. This is the first time an association between echovirus type 33 infection and acute flaccid paralysis has been reported.
Infection with an Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Strain of
Serratia marcescens
following Tongue Reconstruction
Authors: Dhawan Benu , Bonnet Richard , Shukla N. K. , Mathur Purva , Das Bimal K. , Kapil Arti 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We report a case of postsurgical wound infection of polymicrobial etiology caused by
Serratia marcescens
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
following the use of a radial forearm free flap for oncological tongue reconstruction.
S. marcescens
was a producer of SHV-12 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). This is the first report from India of this ESBL.
S. marcescens
and
P. aeruginosa
were resistant to the empirical perioperative antibiotics administered. Delay in the recognition of the type of infection and in the institution of appropriate therapy resulted in total loss of the free flap.
Eubacterium callanderi
Bacteremia: Report of the First Case
Authors: Thiolas Aurélie , Bollet Claude , Gasmi Mohammed , Drancourt Michel , Raoult Didier 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Eubacterium callanderi
is an environmental anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium first isolated in 1998 from an industrial anaerobic digester. We report on the first clinical isolate of
E. callanderi
, which was recovered from the blood of a patient with a bladder carcinoma. Identification of the organism was made by cell fatty acid chromatographic analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Fatal Case of Endocarditis Due to
Weissella confusa
Authors: Flaherty James D. , Levett Paul N. , Dewhirst Floyd E. , Troe Theodore E. , Warren John R. , Johnson Stuart 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

This is the first reported case of endocarditis due to the
Lactobacillus
-like vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacillus
Weissella confusa
. Full identification and susceptibility testing of
Lactobacillus
-like organisms recovered in blood culture should be performed for patients with clinical presentations that suggest endocarditis.
Soft Tissue Infection and Bacteremia Caused by
Shewanella putrefaciens
Authors: Pagani Leonardo , Lang Adolf , Vedovelli Claudio , Moling Oswald , Rimenti Giovanni , Pristerà Raffaele , Mian Peter 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

Shewanella putrefaciens
is as yet rarely responsible for clinical syndromes in humans. However, a case involving multiple organs in an elderly male under treatment with appropriate steroids confirms that attention should be devoted to unusual pathogens.
Bacteremia Due to a Novel
Microbacterium
Species in a Patient with Leukemia and Description of
Microbacterium
paraoxydans
sp. nov
Authors: Laffineur Kim , Avesani Véronique , Cornu Guy , Charlier Jacqueline , Janssens Michèle , Wauters Georges , Delmée Michel 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

A yellow-pigmented coryneform rod was isolated from the blood of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was perfused with a central venous catheter. The culture bottles were positive twice, at a 2-month interval. The isolate was identified as a
Microbacterium
sp. and studied along with five other similar strains. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genetic characteristics indicated that they are closely related to
Microbacterium
oxydans
but that they belong to a distinct species, for which the name
Microbacterium
paraoxydans
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of
M
.
paraoxydans
is CF36
T
= DSM 15019
T
. The G+C content of its DNA is 69.9 mol%.
Bacteremia Due to Three
Bacillus
Species in a Case of Munchausen's Syndrome
Authors: Galanos Jason , Perera Shalinie , Smith Haydn , O'Neal David , Sheorey Harsha , Waters Mary Jo 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

We report on a case of recurrent bacteremia due to three
Bacillus
spp. in an immunocompetent patient with no history of intravenous drug use. The source of the organisms was postulated to be a self-injected compound containing
Bacillus
spores, given the patient's past history of psychiatric illness and self-destructive behavior.
Babesia bicornis
sp. nov. and
Theileria bicornis
sp. nov.: Tick-Borne Parasites Associated with Mortality in the Black Rhinoceros (
Diceros bicornis
)
Authors: Nijhof Ard M. , Penzhorn Banie L. , Lynen Godelieve , Mollel Johnson O. , Morkel Pete , Bekker Cornelis P. J. , Jongejan Frans 
Published: May 2003

ABSTRACT

A novel
Babesia
species, designated
Babesia bicornis
sp. nov., was identified in three black rhinoceroses (
Diceros bicornis
) that died in wildlife areas in Tanzania and South Africa. Screening of black rhinoceroses in South Africa revealed, in addition to
B. bicornis
, a second parasite, designated
Theileria bicornis
sp. nov.