bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of serum β2‐microglobulin for prediction of kidney outcome among patients with biopsy‐proven diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Uemura Takayuki , Nishimoto Masatoshi , Eriguchi Masahiro , Tamaki Hiroyuki , Tasaki Hikari , Furuyama Riri , Fukata Fumihiro , Kosugi Takaaki , Morimoto Katsuhiko , Matsui Masaru , Samejima Ken‐ichi , Tsuruya Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimTo examine whether serum β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG) could improve the prediction performance for kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT) among patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodsPatients with biopsy‐proven DN at Nara Medical University Hospital were included. The exposure of interest was log‐transformed serum β2‐MG levels measured at kidney biopsy. The outcome variable was KFRT. Multivariable Cox regression models and competing‐risk regression models, with all‐cause mortality as a competing event, were performed. Model fit by adding serum β2‐MG levels was calculated using the Akaike information criterion (AIC). The net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) indexes were used to evaluate the improvement of predictive performance for 5‐year cumulative incidence of KFRT by serum β2‐MG levels.ResultsAmong 408 patients, 99 developed KFRT during a median follow‐up period of 6.7 years. A higher serum β2‐MG level (1‐unit increase in log‐transformed serum β2‐MG level) was associated with a higher incidence of KFRT, even after adjustments for previously known clinical and histological risk factors (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval {CI}]: 3.30 [1.57‐6.94] and subdistribution hazard ratio [95% CI]: 3.07 [1.55‐6.06]). The addition of log‐transformed serum β2‐MG level reduced AIC and improved the prediction of KFRT (NRI and IDI: 0.32 [0.09‐0.54] and 0.03 [0.01‐0.56], respectively).ConclusionsAmong patients with biopsy‐proven DN, serum β2‐MG was an independent predictor of KFRT and improved prediction performance. In addition to serum creatinine, serum β2‐MG should probably be measured for DN.
Prevalence and clinical aspects of obstructive sleep apnea in Parkinson disease: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Maggi Gianpaolo , Giacobbe Chiara , Iannotta Federica , Santangelo Gabriella , Vitale Carmine 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) frequently occurs in Parkinson Disease (PD), probably caused by upper airway dysfunctions or shared pathogenetic mechanisms. OSA may precede PD diagnosis or worsen throughout its course, but its relationship with clinical features and dopaminergic medication remains unclear. This meta‐analysis aimed to provide a reliable estimate of OSA prevalence in the PD population (PD‐OSA) and to clarify its clinical associated factors to help clinicians in understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed up to April 2023 using the PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. Articles were included if they provided data on PD patients with and without OSA. Pooled prevalence for PD‐OSA was calculated using the proportions of PD participants diagnosed with OSA. Demographic and clinical features associated with PD‐OSA were explored by comparing PD patients with and without OSA.ResultsSeventeen studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Pooled OSA prevalence was 45% of a total sample of 1448 PD patients and was associated with older age, male sex, higher body mass index (BMI), more severe motor disturbances and periodic limb movements, reduced risk of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, intake of dopamine agonists, and worse excessive daytime sleepiness. No relationship emerged with cognitive functioning and neuropsychiatric manifestations.ConclusionsOSA affects nearly half of PD patients as a secondary outcome of predisposing factors such as older age and higher BMI in addition to PD‐related motor impairment. Future studies should focus on determining the impact of both clinical features and dopaminergic medication on the development of PD‐OSA.
Aggregate volatility risk and momentum returns
Authors: Misirli Efdal Ulas 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMomentum stocks are exposed to aggregate volatility risk. This paper estimates an exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic model of market volatility to introduce a new volatility risk factor. Winners have negative loadings on this factor, whereas losers have positive loadings. Because volatility risk carries a negative price of risk, the new factor explains 73% of momentum profits. The paper rationalizes the volatility risks of momentum portfolios using growth option arguments and explains why momentum profits are short‐lived, depend on market states, and concentrate among firms with high idiosyncratic volatility. Results are robust to controlling for other risk factors and using alternative estimation procedures.
Peatland pools are tightly coupled to the contemporary carbon cycle
Authors: Dean Joshua F. , Billett Michael F. , Turner T. Edward , Garnett Mark H. , Andersen Roxane , McKenzie Rebecca M. , Dinsmore Kerry J. , Baird Andy J. , Chapman Pippa J. , Holden Joseph 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPeatlands are globally important stores of soil carbon (C) formed over millennial timescales but are at risk of destabilization by human and climate disturbance. Pools are ubiquitous features of many peatlands and can contain very high concentrations of C mobilized in dissolved and particulate organic form and as the greenhouses gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The radiocarbon content (14C) of these aquatic C forms tells us whether pool C is generated by contemporary primary production or from destabilized C released from deep peat layers where it was previously stored for millennia. We present novel 14C and stable C (δ13C) isotope data from 97 aquatic samples across six peatland pool locations in the United Kingdom with a focus on dissolved and particulate organic C and dissolved CO2. Our observations cover two distinct pool types: natural peatland pools and those formed by ditch blocking efforts to rewet peatlands (restoration pools). The pools were dominated by contemporary C, with the majority of C (~50%–75%) in all forms being younger than 300 years old. Both pool types readily transform and decompose organic C in the water column and emit CO2 to the atmosphere, though mixing with the atmosphere and subsequent CO2 emissions was more evident in natural pools. Our results show little evidence of destabilization of deep, old C in natural or restoration pools, despite the presence of substantial millennial‐aged C in the surrounding peat. One possible exception is CH4 ebullition (bubbling), with our observations showing that millennial‐aged C can be emitted from peatland pools via this pathway. Our results suggest that restoration pools formed by ditch blocking are effective at preventing the release of deep, old C from rewetted peatlands via aquatic export.
Hepatic steatosis and skeletal muscle alterations during the COVID‐19 lockdown in a cohort of patients with chronic liver disease in Japan
Authors: Uchiyama Akira , Kon Kazuyoshi , Sakuma Satoshi , Sato Toshifumi , Morinaga Maki , Fukada Hiroo , Yamagata Hisafumi , Yaginuma Reiko , Fukuhara Kyoko , Yamashina Shunhei , Nojiri Shuko , Ikejima Kenichi 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimFollowing the coronavirus disease outbreak, a state of public emergency was declared worldwide, which enforced lifestyle changes. This study therefore aimed to investigate the changes in lifestyle, body composition, hepatic steatosis, and fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) under lockdown.MethodsDuring the lockdown period, 1344 patients with CLD answered a lifestyle questionnaire. In 298 patients, body composition and liver stiffness measure (LSM)/controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) were analyzed by InBody and FibroScan, respectively, and serial data were obtained in 137 patients.ResultsMore than half of the CLD patients answered decreases in physical activity and frequency of outings during lockdown, while diet was less affected. Overall, 58% of patients showed elevations in CAP values, which were not different statistically over time. Women, but not men, were more likely to increase CAP values during lockdown. Neither LSM nor serum fibrosis markers were elevated chronologically during lockdown. In men, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and visceral fat area (VFA) were significantly increased, whereas in women, lower‐limb muscle mass was significantly decreased. Patients with decreased SMI showed elevations in CAP and VFA values, and patients who exercised less showed increases in BMI.ConclusionIn response to lockdown, men tended to increase body fat but the degree of hepatic steatosis was less affected, while women were more likely to exacerbate hepatic steatosis with skeletal muscle loss among CLD patients. Gender‐specific approaches need to be established for management of CLD patients to avoid exacerbation or comorbidity of steatotic liver disease.
A systematic review to determine the role of public space and urban design on sense of community
Authors: Ramos‐Vidal Ignacio , de la Ossa Elsy Domínguez 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe aim of this research is to determine the effect that the physical characteristics of public spaces and their perceived quality have on residents’ sense of community (SoC). A systematic review was carried out following the protocol of the PRISMA guidelines; a systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection, resulting in the retrieval of 637 records. After several screenings, 23 studies were identified. The results suggest that the perceived quality of public spaces exerts positive effects, but of moderate intensity, on SoC (range = 0.13–0.4, Mβ = 0.24, SD = 0.1), as does the possibility of walking to public spaces within the neighbourhood (range = 0.02–0.57; Mβ = 0.22; SD = 0.21). The results indicate that designing public spaces that facilitate social interaction is the main factor for enhancing SoC. The main findings of this review justify the design of public spaces and built environments that favour interpersonal relationships between residents, serve as contexts for socialization and community participation and can be used to celebrate cultural and recreational events for promoting social capital in urban contexts.
Partnership‐based nursing practice framework for patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their families—A discursive paper
Authors: Jónsdóttir Helga , Halldórsdóttir Bryndís S. , Ingadóttir Thorbjörg Sóley 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe increase in the number of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the disease burden, has prompted concerted efforts to improve healthcare, particularly outpatient services. In line with these attempts the Partnership‐Based Nursing Practice Theoretical Framework for People with COPD was developed to guide outpatient nursing care. The principal approach of the framework is a ‘Dialogue’ with the patients, which has four components: ‘Establishing family involvement’, ‘Assisting living with symptoms’ and ‘Facilitating access to healthcare’, with the primary goal being ‘Enhancement of the health experience’. With new knowledge, research on the framework, and extensive experience in using it, a need arose to modify the framework to maximize its clinical utility.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodsA narrative review and critical reflection was conducted to revise the nursing practice framework via selected literature search from 2012 to 2022, research on the framework, and the authors' reflections on the clinical experience of using the framework.ResultsThe nursing practice framework highlights capacities and possibilities that lie in the nurse–patient relationship. The overarching dialogue in the revised framework includes both patients and families. The action‐related component ‘Assisting living with the disease’ was added to the framework to underscore the significance of attempting to understand what may lie ahead for patients and families. The other action‐related components are as follows: ‘Assisting living with symptoms’ and ‘Facilitating access to healthcare’. The primary goal remains unchanged: enhancing the ‘Health experience’.ConclusionUsing the revised nursing practice framework in outpatient care may help to enhance the lives of people with COPD and their families, particularly at advanced stages of the disease. It may have transferability to other groups of people living with progressive diseases dealing with complicated health problems, and to reduce the usage of costly healthcare resources such as hospital care.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe partnership‐based nursing practice framework assumes an extension of conventional specialized respiratory service and embraces a comprehensive account for that which may influence the patient's health problems. This guidance, which holistically attends to patient‐family needs of living with complicated and progressive health predicaments, is fundamental. It contributes to strengthening the disciplinary focus of nursing, interdisciplinary collaboration, person‐family‐centred quality nursing care and inspires research initiatives. Critical reflections and updates on nursing practice frameworks, such as this revision, are essential to advance nursing and healthcare.Patient or Public ContributionThere is no direct patient‐ or public contribution.
Firearms and post‐separation abuse: Providing context behind the data on firearms and intimate partner violence
Authors: Spearman Kathryn J. , Marineau Lea , Owolabi Adebola , Alexander Kamila A. , Campbell Jacquelyn 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to provide insight from maternal survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) describing their experiences with their ex‐partners' firearm ownership, access, storage and behaviours in the context of co‐parenting and separation.DesignWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study informed by the IPV and Coparenting Model.MethodsThe analytic sample consists of self‐identified maternal survivors (n = 14) who completed semi‐structured qualitative interviews between January and May 2023 describing experiences of post‐separation abuse. Participants were recruited through social media and domestic violence advocacy and legal aid organizations. In the interview guide, participants were asked one item about firearm exposure: Have you or your children had any experiences with guns and your ex‐partner that made you or your children feel scared? Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Interview transcripts were managed and coded in ATLAS.ti using a codebook. Codes were applied using descriptive content analysis, discrepancies reconciled and themes related to firearm exposure in the context of post‐separation abuse identified.ResultsSix themes emerged related to firearm experiences and post‐separation abuse: (1) gun ownership (2) gun access; (3) unsafe storage; (4) direct and symbolic threats; (5) involving the children; (6) survivors' protective actions.ConclusionThis manuscript provides context on how abusive ex‐partners' firearm ownership, access and threats cause terror and pervasive fear for mothers and children following separation. Analysis of qualitative data provides important insights into opportunities to address firearm injury prevention.ImpactFindings add to the contextual understanding of how survivors of IPV experience non‐fatal firearm abuse. Existing quantitative data may not capture the full extent of fear caused by perpetrators' gun ownership access and symbolic threats. Data from this study can help inform firearm injury prevention efforts.Patient or Public ContributionThe authors would like to acknowledge and thank the individuals who helped in cognitive testing of the interview guide prior to conducting interviews with participants, including (3) survivors of post‐separation abuse. The authors would also like to acknowledge domestic violence advocates and those individuals who helped with recruitment and connected us with participants. Importantly, with deep gratitude, the authors would like to thank the participants who generously shared their time and stories with us.
Emotion regulation as central to psychopathology across childhood and adolescence: a commentary on Nobakht et al. (2023)
Authors: Evans Spencer C. , Shaughnessy Shannon 
Published: November 2023

An important goal of clinical/developmental research is to identify factors contributing to the onset and maintenance of psychopathology – particularly factors that could be modified through intervention. Large‐scale, multi‐informant, longitudinal studies provide valuable opportunities for testing such etiological hypotheses, as illustrated by Nobakht et al.'s recent six‐wave cohort study spanning ages 4–14. At a within‐person level, emotion regulation (ER) deficits consistently predicted oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms (including both irritability and defiance), whereas victimization did not. These results comport with growing evidence highlighting ER's centrality to ODD and psychopathology more broadly. While the ER findings carry promising implications, caution is warranted in interpreting the results for victimization given that its association with psychopathology is well‐documented. More research is needed to test precise questions about within‐ and between‐person processes involving ER, victimization, and psychopathology across development. Pressing research questions include whether, how, and when youths' ER can be modified, and with what effects on clinical outcomes.
Are stress‐tested banks in the United States becoming similar? Evidence from convergence tests
Authors: Kirimhan Destan , Nazlioglu Saban , Payne James E. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUS bank stress tests were introduced to improve the risk posture and management practices of large and complex banking institutions. We investigate whether stress‐tested banks in the United States converge to each other in their levels and determinants of profitability, as well as their risk taking and systemic risk contributions. Our results are consistent with convergence in profitability, asset quality, management quality, securitization income, and income diversification of stress‐tested banks. Our difference‐in‐differences estimation results provide causal evidence of stress tests leading to convergence in income diversification. Furthermore, stress‐tested banks converge in their income diversification strategies, return volatility, default risk, leverage risk, and systemic risk contributions. This study sheds light on a situation where these banks may simultaneously have exposure to the same risks, leaving the financial system more vulnerable to a crisis as a result of the exposed risk.
Reservation Rates in Interbank Money Markets
Authors: RAINONE EDOARDO 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a dyadic econometric model with reservation rates to control for endogenous matching in interbank money markets. We apply our method to a unique data set and study the interbank market during the European sovereign debt crisis. The estimates uncover the existence of reservation rates, their omission can bias important quantities like the discount enjoyed by big banks, a potential measure of the “too‐big‐to‐fail” subsidy. We test predictions of various theories on the interbank market. The market did not freeze completely during the crisis and active peer monitoring was still in place under limited information asymmetry. Dispersion in rates and liquidity hoarding was driven by banks' nationality, regardless of the borrower quality.
Geopolitical Risk and Investment
Authors: WANG XINJIE , WU YANGRU , XU WEIKE 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUsing a news‐based index of geopolitical risk (GPR), we document a strong negative relationship between firm‐level corporate investment and GPR. When the GPR index doubles, next‐quarter investment declines by 14% of its sample mean. The effect is more pronounced for firms with more irreversible investment or higher market power, confirming the real options theory. However, the effect is less significant for firms with a stronger ability to substitute labor for capital, a higher labor‐to‐capital ratio, or a higher labor share, supporting the convex return theory. Overall, our results suggest that the real options channel dominates the Oi–Hartman–Abel effect.
Perception of benefits‐barriers of exercise, physical activity level, and body awareness in women with premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Kiloatar Humeyra , Kurt Gamze 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe study aims to investigate the relationship between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and physical activity, body awareness, and the benefits/barriers to exercise (a), as well as to compare women with and without PMS in relation to these parameters (b).Materials and MethodsParticipants were administered The Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), International Physical Activity Questionnaire‐Short Form (IPAQ‐SF), Body Awareness Questionnaire, and The Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale.ResultsThe age range of the participants included in the study was 19–48, with a mean age of 26.45 ± 7.14. A statistically significant difference was found between the women with and without PMS in terms of PMSS score, exercise benefits subscale score, and exercise barriers subscale score (p < 0.05). The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between PMSS score and exercise barriers subscale score (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between IPAQ score and body awareness questionnaire, exercise benefits subscale score, total score of exercise benefits and barriers of scale (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between IPAQ score and exercise barriers subscale score (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between body awareness questionnaire score and exercise benefits subscale score, total score of exercise benefits and barriers of scale (p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between body awareness questionnaire score and exercise barriers subscale score (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study provide valuable insights into the relationship between PMS, physical activity, body awareness, and exercise benefits/barriers among women. By addressing the barriers and benefits to exercise and enhancing body awareness, healthcare professionals can potentially improve women's with PMS overall well‐being and encourage them to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle.
Chemical and genetic characterization of the ungrouped pallasite Lieksa
Authors: Chiappe Emily M. , Ash Richard D. , Luttinen Arto , Lukkari Sari , Kuva Jukka , Hilton Connor D. , Walker Richard J. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACTThe meteorite Lieksa was found in 2017 in Löpönvaara, Finland, and later donated to the Finnish Museum of Natural History. Here, we report siderophile element concentrations, genetic isotopic data, and a metal–silicate segregation age for the meteorite. The ~280 g Lieksa is ~80% metal and ~20% silicate and oxide inclusions by volume, with the inclusions consisting primarily of Fe‐rich olivine. Due to Lieksa's silicate content, coupled with a texture characterized by metal enclosing the silicates, it has been classified as a pallasite. Lieksa's olivine and bulk chemical characteristics are distinct from those of the known pallasite and iron meteorite groups, consistent with its classification as ungrouped. The meteorite exhibits a flat, chondrite‐normalized highly siderophile element pattern, consistent with an origin as an early crystallization product from a metallic melt with chondritic relative abundances. Molybdenum, Ru, and 183W isotopic data indicate that Lieksa formed in the non‐carbonaceous (NC) domain of the solar nebula. Radiogenic 182W abundances for Lieksa yield a model metal–silicate segregation age of 1.5 ± 0.8 Myr after calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusion formation, which is within the range established for other NC‐type pallasite and iron meteorite parent bodies.