bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Zambian farmers manage climate risks?
Authors: Okamura Soyoka , Miura Ken , Umetsu Chieko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study investigates production responses to climate risk among farmers in Zambia by combining historical rainfall with nationally representative household data. After identifying the importance of January and February rainfall in maize production, we define these months' historical rainfall variations as the climate risk index. We then relate this index to agricultural decisions. Results indicate little crop or plot diversifications in response to weather risks. Conversely, farmers in high‐climate‐risk regions apply less fertilizer and consequently achieve lower maize yields than their counterparts in low‐risk regions. Overall, Zambian farmers manage climate risk by underinvesting risky inputs at the expense of returns.
Spiking Patterns in the Globus Pallidus Highlight Convergent Neural Dynamics across Diverse Genetic Dystonia Syndromes
Authors: Kaymak Ahmet , Colucci Fabiana , Ahmadipour Mahboubeh , Andreasi Nico Golfrè , Rinaldo Sara , Israel Zvi , Arkadir David , Telese Roberta , Levi Vincenzo , Zorzi Giovanna , Carpaneto Jacopo , Carecchio Miryam , Prokisch Holger , Zech Michael , Garavaglia Barbara , Bergman Hagai , Eleopra Roberto , Mazzoni Alberto , Romito Luigi M. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveGenetic dystonia is a complex movement disorder with diverse clinical manifestations resulting from pathogenic mutations in associated genes. A recent paradigm shift emphasizes the functional convergence among dystonia genes, hinting at a shared pathomechanism. However, the neural dynamics supporting this convergence remain largely unexplored.MethodsHerein, we analyzed microelectrode recordings acquired during pallidal deep brain stimulation surgery from 31 dystonia patients with pathogenic mutations in the AOPEP, GNAL, KMT2B, PANK2, PLA2G6, SGCE, THAP1, TOR1A, and VPS16 genes. We identified 1,694 single units whose activity was characterized by a broad set of neural features.ResultsAOPEP, PANK2, and THAP1 displayed higher firing regularity, whereas GNAL, PLA2G6, KMT2B, and SGCE shared a large fraction of bursting neurons (> 26.6%), significantly exceeding the rate in other genes. TOR1A and VPS16 genes constituted an intermediate group, bridging these 2 groups, due to having the highest degree of spiking irregularity. Hierarchical clustering algorithms based on these dynamics confirmed the results obtained with first‐order comparisons.InterpretationDespite lacking common molecular pathways, dystonia genes share largely overlapping structures of neural patterns, in particular the degree of pallidal spiking regularity and bursting activity. We propose that the degree of desynchronization facilitated by pallidal neural bursts may explain the variability in deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) surgery outcomes across genetic dystonia syndromes. Lastly, investigating the effects of genetic mutations on low‐frequency pallidal activity could optimize personalized adaptive DBS treatments in patients with genetic dystonia. ANN NEUROL 2025
Breaking Aggregation State to Achieve Low‐Temperature Fast Charging of Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Xu Shengtao , Gu Rong , Zhang Da , Gong Shuaiqi , Xu Jinting , Gao Qingwei , Xu Qunjie , Min Yulin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInsufficient ionic conductivity and elevated desolvation energy barrier of electrolytes limit the low‐temperature applications of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Weakly solvating electrolytes (WSEs), with limited lithium salt dissociation capability, are prone to desolvate and drive anion‐rich aggregates (AGGs). However, significant AGGs result in increased viscosity and low ionic mobility, contributing to battery failure at low temperatures (≤−20 °C). Here, we propose and achieve a transformation of WSEs’ solvation structures from AGGs to contact ion pairs (CIPs) through modulating the overall solvation capability, thereby achieving the balance between weak Li+‐ solvent interactions and desired ion migration kinetics. Remarkably, CIPs‐dominated electrolyte shows a ten‐fold increase in ionic conductivity compared to conventional WSEs. The Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) battery achieves more than 1400 cycles with 86.9 % capacity retention at 5 C. The practical 1.2 Ah LFP pouch cell delivered 69 % of the capacity at 25 °C when cycled at −40 °C. This strategy for solvation structure transformation in WSEs provides a novel approach for the development of electrolytes for low‐temperature batteries.
Prescribing DNA Origami Barrel‐Directed Subtractive Patterning of Nanoparticles for Crystalline Superstructure Assembly
Authors: Ding Longjiang , Ma Wenhe , Chen Xiaoliang , Wang Haozhi , Song Haitao , Fan Chunhai , Liu Xiaoguo , Yao Guangbao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLong‐range ordered lattices formed by the directed arrangement of colloidal particles hold significant promise for applications such as photonic crystals, plasmonic metamaterials, and semiconductor electronics. Harnessing regioselective interactions through DNA‐mediated assembly is a promising approach to advancing colloidal assembly. Despite efforts to engineer microscale patchy particles using sequence‐specific binding properties of DNA, the control of patch formation on nanoscale isotropic spherical nanoparticles remains challenging. We demonstrate a subtractive patterning strategy using barrel‐shaped DNA origami (DNA barrel) to selectively block surfaces of DNA‐coated gold nanospheres and create regiospecific patches. By designing binding positions and geometric parameters of DNA barrels, we can achieve controlled accessibility to nanosphere surfaces, forming patchy nanoparticles with tunable patch numbers and sizes. This strategy enables the construction of multidimensional superstructures with well‐defined stereo relationships, represented by an unprecedented graphane‐like bilayered superlattice. Furthermore, we developed a geometrical model that accounts for anisotropic particle bonding and steric hindrance, elucidating the relationship between architectural outcomes and the structural parameters of DNA‐barrel‐directed patchy nanoparticles, and enabling reverse engineering designs of potential assembly symmetries. This approach opens new avenues for generating nanoparticle assemblies with distinct symmetries and properties.
Inhibiting Interfacial Electron Leakage via An Artificial Rectified Layer for Longevous Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Yin Guang‐Yuan , Wang Hong‐Rui , Zhou Min‐Yang , Long Tao , Ding Meng‐Sha , Xie Bin , Wu Xiong‐Wei , Li Jiabao , Ling Wei , Dai Jiayu , Zeng Xian‐Xiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDendrites and water‐induced side reactions impose greatly challenge on the implementation of aqueous zinc ion batteries. To tackle these problems, an artificial rectified layer (ARL) with hydrophobic, zincophilic and insulating features was in situ synthesized on Zn surface rapidly to prevent the electron leakage from Zn anode to aqueous electrolyte, which is the underlying logic for uneven Zn deposition and parasitic side reactions. The ARL also displays a high Zn2+ transference number of 0.71 and can build fast Zn2+ transport channels to homogenize the interfacial ion flux and electric field according to the calculated work function and multi‐physics phase simulation results. Therefore, the Zn anode with ARL shows preferred plating along with (002) crystal facet and an admirable Coulombic efficiency of 99.86 % over 3200 cycles. Zn symmetric cells can withstand large current density up to 40 mA cm−2 and operate stably at 44.2 % depth of discharge for 250 hours, surpassing most of published reports. The ARL also enables the Zn||MnO2 full batteries to circulate over 2600 cycles with a high‐capacity retention of 80.1 % and low self‐discharge at 1 A g−1. This work provides a different perspective to comprehend and design satisfactory solid electrolyte interphase for Zn metal anodes.
Is to persevere dangerous for brain health? Effect of active coping and grit on subjective cognitive decline in Black American males
Authors: Esiaka Darlingtina K. , Nwakasi Candidus , Nweke Chizobam , Thorpe Roland J. , Luth Elizabeth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionOne strategy for early detection of risk of dementia is identification of subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, there is a paucity of data examining the intricate interplay between active coping, grit, and SCD within the context of Black male's experiences.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐eight Black American males completed standardized measures assessing SCD, active coping, grit, and demographic characteristics. Linear regression analyses were performed and standardized beta coefficients were reported to describe the estimated independent and interaction effect of the predictor variables.ResultsWe found that active coping (β = −0.287, p < 0.001) and grit (β = 0.630, p < 0.001) were associated with SCD while controlling for demographic variables (F [6,131 = 8.609] p < 0.001). Also, grit modified the association between active coping and SCD (β = 0.153, SE = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.00,0.08], p = 0.045).DiscussionOur findings underscore the need to examine risk and protective factors against cognitive decline in Black American males.
Circular Economy in a Developing Country's Textile and Apparel Industry: Managerial Perspectives on Challenges and Motivators
Authors: Nath Shobod Deba , Mustayin Syed Sharaf , Eweje Gabriel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that challenge or motivate textile and apparel suppliers' implementation of circular economy (CE) practices. To this end, we interviewed 18 senior managers from Bangladeshi textile and apparel suppliers. The key reported challenges to CE implementation were cost concerns, the reluctance of entrepreneurs, lack of regulatory influence, the unavailability of appropriate technology and the lack of adequate research and development projects. Conversely, the long‐term benefits, buyer pressure, rising awareness, growing collaboration and the growth in research funding were reported as key motivating factors for CE implementation. In particular, beyond the conflicts between financial concerns and legitimacy, our findings support institutional theory and enhance the CE literature by revealing new insights into normative factors such as development agencies' growing research funding and collaboration, which motivate suppliers to effectively implement the CE practices. This paper has significant implications for managers and policymakers regarding how to capitalise on motivating factors to overcome the challenges of CE implementation.
In Vitro Antiplasmodial Activity and Chemical Composition of Combretum aculeatum, a Medicinal Plant From Niger
Authors: Damé Souleymane Magagi , Leclercq Louis , Vonthron‐Sénécheau Catherine , Ilagouma Amadou Tidjani , Ortiz Sergio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMalaria remains a significant public health challenge in Niger, accounting for 5.6% of global malaria‐related deaths. Local medicinal plants are frequently used as traditional treatments for malaria, although their efficacy and safety are often insufficiently investigated. This study aims to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity and chemical composition of eight medicinal plants from Niger. Plant extracts were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the uptake of [3H]‐hypoxanthine in the Plasmodium falciparum NF54 chloroquine‐sensitive strain. The most active extract was subjected to chemical analysis using HPLC–PDA–HRMS/MS dereplication, whereas major compounds were quantified via a validated LC–UV method. The ethyl acetate extract of Combretum aculeatum (2a) demonstrated important antiplasmodial activity, with an IC50 value of 3.1 µg/mL and a selectivity index of 24.5. C‐glycosyl flavonoids were identified as the primary constituents, present at concentrations ranging from 5.7 to 9.8 mg of vitexin equivalent per g of extract. However, the low abundance of these compounds suggests that other constituents may contribute to the extract's antiplasmodial effects. Further investigations are required to explore possible synergies among the components of 2a and to assess its efficacy in vivo models.
A Review on Carbazole and Its Derivatives as Anticancer Agents From 2013 to 2024
Authors: Waghmare Priyanka Sanjay , Chabukswar Anuruddha Rajaram , Raut Kunal Ganesh , Giri Pooja Tanaji 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCarbazole, a natural alkaloid, has been recognized as an effective anticancer agent for over 40 years. However, only a limited number of carbazole‐based compounds have received FDA approval for cancer treatment. Current cancer therapies are often associated with significant side effects, causing physical, emotional, and financial burdens for patients. Additionally, despite advancements, cancer prevention and treatment remain challenging due to suboptimal clinical outcomes. The development of new drugs is crucial for achieving safer and more effective cancer therapies. This review focuses on various carbazole derivatives and hybrid composites, highlighting their interactions with distinct receptors and their mechanisms of anticancer action, along with a general structure–activity relationship (SAR). It also emphasizes carbazole‐based compounds employed in chemoprevention, which aim to delay or prevent malignant progression. By covering carbazole derivatives and their anticancer potential from 2013 to the present, along with their current clinical status, this study offers valuable insights and updates for researchers in the field.
T2‐low severe asthma clinical spectrum and impact: The Greek PHOLLOW cross‐sectional study
Authors: Porpodis Konstantinos , Zias Nikolaos , Kostikas Konstantinos , Tzouvelekis Argyris , Makris Michael , Konstantinou George N. , Zervas Eleftherios , Loukides Stelios , Steiropoulos Paschalis , Katsoulis Konstantinos , Palamidas Anastasios , Syrigou Aikaterini , Gangadi Maria , Christopoulos Antonios , Papapetrou Dimosthenis , Psarros Fotios , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos , Tzortzaki Eleni , Vittorakis Stylianos K. , Paraskevopoulos Ioannis , Papanikolaou Ilias , Krommidas Georgios , Latsios Dimitrios , Tzanakis Nikolaos , Markatos Miltiadis , Damianaki Angeliki , Manikas Argyrios , Chatzipetrou Alexia , Vourdas Dimitrios , Tsiouprou Ioanna , Papista Christina , Bartsakoulia Marina , Mathioudakis Nikolas , Galanakis Petros , Bakakos Petros 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundData on type 2 (T2)‐low severe asthma (SA) frequency is scarce, resulting in an undefined unmet therapeutic need in this patient population. Our objective was to assess the frequency and characterize the profile and burden of T2‐low SA in Greece.MethodsPHOLLOW was a cross‐sectional study of adult SA patients. Based on a novel proposed classification system, patients were classified as T2‐low if blood eosinophil count (BEC; cells/μL) was <150, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) < 25 ppb and any allergy status or BEC < 150/FeNO < 50 ppb/no allergy or BEC < 300/FeNO < 25 ppb/no allergy. For patients receiving biologics and/or oral corticosteroids, only those with BEC < 150/FeNO < 25 ppb/no allergy/no response to therapy were classified as T2‐low. Secondary outcome measures were: Asthma Control Test (ACTTM), Mini‐Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini‐AQLQ), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment:Respiratory Symptoms (WPAI:RS) questionnaire.ResultsFrom 22‐Mar‐2022 to 15‐Mar‐2023, 602 eligible SA patients were enrolled. The frequency of T2‐low asthma was 20.1%. Of those, 71.1% had experienced ≥1 clinically significant exacerbations in the past year, 62.8% had ACT score <20 (uncontrolled asthma), and 22.3% were biologic‐treated. Mini‐AQLQ score was <6 (impairment) in 79.5% of patients, HADS‐total score was ≥15 (clinically significant emotional distress) in 43.8%, while median percent activity impairment and work productivity loss were 30.0 for both domains. Clinical and patient‐reported outcomes were worse among patients with ACT‐defined uncontrolled asthma.ConclusionsOne‐fifth of SA patients present with a T2‐low endotype. These patients frequently have uncontrolled disease and experience impairments in their quality of life, emotions and work ability.
Multiple‐Dose Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability of Subcutaneous Rusfertide, a Hepcidin Mimetic, in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Modi Nishit B. , Dinh Phillip , Ajari Ifode 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRusfertide, a peptide hepcidin mimetic, has shown efficacy in polycythemia vera. This trial investigated the multiple‐dose pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of once‐weekly rusfertide 60 mg for 5 weeks in healthy subjects. Subjects were randomized to subcutaneous injection in the abdomen, upper arm, or thigh. Eighteen subjects were enrolled, and 15 completed the study. Geometric mean peak rusfertide plasma concentrations (Cmax) following the first dose were 547, 387, and 560 ng/mL following injection in the abdomen, thigh, and arm, respectively (P = .0054). There was no difference between injection sites in the rusfertide area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC) following the first dose (P ≥ .179) or in the Cmax or AUC during the dosing interval following the last dose (P ≥ .238). Geometric mean accumulation (Dose 5/Dose 1) for AUC and Cmax was 1.5 and 1.2, respectively, and similar across injection sites. Mechanism‐based decreases in serum iron, transferrin‐iron saturation, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were noted following multiple doses. There were no differences between injection sites in the pharmacodynamic effect as measured by change from baseline in hematocrit values. There were no serious adverse events. Treatment‐emergent adverse events in 2 or more subjects were injection‐site reactions (erythema, induration, pruritus), fatigue, and headache. There were no clinically relevant findings in the safety laboratory parameters, vital signs, electrocardiograms, or physical examination. While a higher incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events was noted in these healthy participants following multiple doses of 60 mg, rusfertide was generally well tolerated. There were no clinically meaningful differences in rusfertide pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics between injection sites.
Association of arterial structure and function with incident cardiovascular diseases and cognitive decline
Authors: Robert Caroline , Tan Wei Ying , Ling Lieng‐Hsi , Hilal Saima 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionWe examined the associations of carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT), arterial stiffness index (ASI), and pulse pressure (PP) with cerebrovascular disease, cognitive function and decline, and incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and dementia in the UK Biobank cohort.MethodsThe study consisted of 42,711 participants (mean age 64.2 years) with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), vascular assessments, and cognitive testing. Cerebrovascular disease markers included white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and brain volumes. CIMT, ASI, and PP were measured using carotid ultrasound, photoplethysmography, and blood pressure, respectively. General cognitive ability (g‐score) was derived from various cognitive tests using principal components analysis (PCA).ResultsElevated CIMT, ASI, and PP were associated with increased WMH volume (WMHV). Increased PP was independently associated with poorer numeric memory (ß = −0.028,p = 0.002), fluid intelligence (IQ) (ß = −0.060,p < 0.001), and g‐score (ß = −0.028,p < 0.001) in cross‐sectional analysis, but not longitudinally. CIMT showed the strongest association with incident CVD and dementia.DiscussionCIMT had the most robust associations with WMHV, incident CVD, and dementia, suggesting its utility as an alternative endpoint.Highlights
Effects of arterial stiffness on cognition, dementia, and CVD.
Structural vascular parameters included CIMT.
Functional properties included ASI and PP.
CIMT, ASI, and PP were positively associated with WMHV.
CIMT had the greatest associations with incident CVD and dementia.
Effect of Groundwater Flow on Microbial Activity in a Porous Limestone Groundwater
Authors: Nakaya Shinji , Deno Tatsuya , Yasumoto Jun , Takada Ryogo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMicrobial metabolism in aerobic conditions releases carbon dioxide into the groundwater in the aquifer, while carbon dioxide controls the dissolution/precipitation of calcite and the hydration reaction under field conditions. Higher microbial activity produces more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and vice versa. In this study, to elucidate the effect of groundwater flow on microbial activity in porous limestone groundwater, the relationship between water chemistry and ATP as a microbial activity index was investigated in groundwater in the Ryukyu limestone groundwater reservoir on Yoron Island, a subtropical island in southwestern Japan. The results in groundwater of a porous limestone groundwater reservoir suggest that (1) microbial activity caused by floating microorganisms in natural groundwater flow depends on dissolved oxygen and reflects that the calcite dissolution/precipitation behaviour and the hydration reaction proceed and (2) fast‐flowing groundwater flow induced by artificial pumping suppresses the microbial activity caused by floating microorganisms in groundwater, despite the introduction of sufficient dissolved oxygen necessary for metabolism, and reduces the links between the microbial activity in groundwater and water‐rock interaction.
Reference‐Based Standardization Approach Stabilizing Small Batch Risk Prediction via Polygenic Score
Authors: Sutoh Yoichi , Hachiya Tsuyoshi , Otsuka‐Yamasaki Yayoi , Tokutomi Tomoharu , Yoshida Akiko , Kotozaki Yuka , Komaki Shohei , Minabe Shiori , Ohmomo Hideki , Tanno Kozo , Fukushima Akimune , Sasaki Makoto , Shimizu Atsushi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe polygenic score (PGS) holds promise for motivating preventive behavioral changes. However, no clinically validated standardization methodology currently exists. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a “reference‐based” approach for standardization. This method uses the PGS distribution in the general population as a reference for normalization and percentile determination; however, it has not been validated. We investigated three potential influences on PGS computation: (1) the size of the reference population, (2) biases associated with different genotyping platforms, and (3) inclusion of kinship ties within the reference group. Our results indicate that the reference size affects the bootstrap estimate of standard error for PGS percentiles, peaking around the 50th percentile and diminishing at extreme percentiles (1st or 100th). Discrepancies between genotyping platforms, such as different microarrays and whole‐genome sequencing, resulted in deviations in PGS (p < 0.05 in Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). However, these deviations were reduced to a nonsignificant level using shared genetic variants in the calculations when the ancestry of the samples and reference were matched. This approach recovered approximately 9.6% of the positive predictive value of PGS by naïve genotype. Our results provide fundamental insights for establishing clinical guidelines for implementing PGS to communicate reliable risks to individuals.