bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Risk and Dialysis Facility Performance in the First Year of the ESRD Treatment Choices Model
Authors: Koukounas Kalli G. , Thorsness Rebecca , Patzer Rachel E. , Wilk Adam S. , Drewry Kelsey M. , Mehrotra Rajnish , Rivera-Hernandez Maricruz , Meyers David J. , Kim Daeho , Trivedi Amal N. 
Published: January 2024

ImportanceThe End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices (ETC) model randomly selected 30% of US dialysis facilities to receive financial incentives based on their use of home dialysis, kidney transplant waitlisting, or transplant receipt. Facilities that disproportionately serve populations with high social risk have a lower use of home dialysis and kidney transplant raising concerns that these sites may fare poorly in the payment model.ObjectiveTo examine first-year ETC model performance scores and financial penalties across dialysis facilities, stratified by their incident patients’ social risk.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional study of 2191 US dialysis facilities that participated in the ETC model from January 1 through December 31, 2021.ExposureComposition of incident patient population, characterized by the proportion of patients who were non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, living in a highly disadvantaged neighborhood, uninsured, or covered by Medicaid at dialysis initiation. A facility-level composite social risk score assessed whether each facility was in the highest quintile of having 0, 1, or at least 2 of these characteristics.Main Outcomes and MeasuresUse of home dialysis, waitlisting, or transplant; model performance score; and financial penalization.ResultsUsing data from 125 984 incident patients (median age, 65 years [IQR, 54-74]; 41.8% female; 28.6% Black; 11.7% Hispanic), 1071 dialysis facilities (48.9%) had no social risk features, and 491 (22.4%) had 2 or more. In the first year of the ETC model, compared with those with no social risk features, dialysis facilities with 2 or more had lower mean performance scores (3.4 vs 3.6, P = .002) and lower use of home dialysis (14.1% vs 16.0%, P &amp;lt; .001). These facilities had higher receipt of financial penalties (18.5% vs 11.5%, P &amp;lt; .001), more frequently had the highest payment cut of 5% (2.4% vs 0.7%; P = .003), and were less likely to achieve the highest bonus of 4% (0% vs 2.7%; P &amp;lt; .001). Compared with all other facilities, those in the highest quintile of treating uninsured patients or those covered by Medicaid experienced more financial penalties (17.4% vs 12.9%, P = .01) as did those in the highest quintile in the proportion of patients who were Black (18.5% vs 12.6%, P = .001).ConclusionsIn the first year of the Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services’ ETC model, dialysis facilities serving higher proportions of patients with social risk features had lower performance scores and experienced markedly higher receipt of financial penalties.
Prevalent occupational exposures and risk of lung cancer among women: Results from the application of the Canadian Job‐Exposure Matrix (CANJEM) to a combined set of ten case–control studies
Authors: Xu Mengting , Ho Vikki , Lavoué Jérôme , Olsson Ann , Schüz Joachim , Richardson Lesley , Parent Marie‐Elise , McLaughlin John R. , Demers Paul A. , Guénel Pascal , Radoi Loredana , Wichmann Heinz‐Erich , Ahrens Wolfgang , Jöckel Karl‐Heinz , Consonni Dario , Landi Maria T. , Richiardi Lorenzo , Simonato Lorenzo , 't' Mannetje Andrea , Świątkowska Beata , Field John K. , Pearce Neil , Siemiatycki Jack 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundWorldwide, lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The present study explored associations between occupational exposures that are prevalent among women, and lung cancer.MethodsData from 10 case–control studies of lung cancer from Europe, Canada, and New Zealand conducted between 1988 and 2008 were combined. Lifetime occupational history and information on nonoccupational factors including smoking were available for 3040 incident lung cancer cases and 4187 controls. We linked each reported job to the Canadian Job‐Exposure Matrix (CANJEM), which provided estimates of probability, intensity, and frequency of exposure to each selected agent in each job. For this analysis, we selected 15 agents (cleaning agents, biocides, cotton dust, synthetic fibers, formaldehyde, cooking fumes, organic solvents, cellulose, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from petroleum, ammonia, metallic dust, alkanes C18+, iron compounds, isopropanol, and calcium carbonate) that had lifetime exposure prevalence of at least 5% in the combined study population. For each agent, we estimated lung cancer risk in each study center for ever‐exposure, by duration of exposure, and by cumulative exposure, using separate logistic regression models adjusted for smoking and other covariates. We then estimated the meta‐odds ratios using random‐effects meta‐analysis.Results and ConclusionsNone of the agents assessed showed consistent and compelling associations with lung cancer among women. The following agents showed elevated odds ratio in some analyses: metallic dust, iron compounds, isopropanol, and organic solvents. Future research into occupational lung cancer risk factors among women should prioritize these agents.
Phase Control and Singlet Energy Transfer Enabled by Trimethylamine Modified Boron Dipyrromethene for Stable CsPbBr3 Quantum Wells
Authors: Liu Jinli , Ma Qian , Li Ruicong , Tang Yu , Liu Jiacheng , Feng Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe phase distribution and organic spacer cations play pivotal roles in determining the emission performance and stability of perovskite quantum wells (QWs). Here, we propose a universal molecular regulation strategy to tailor phase distribution and enhance the stability of CsPbBr3 QWs. The capability of sterically hindered ligands with formidable surface binding groups is underscored in directing CsPbBr3 growth and refining phase distribution. With trimethylamine modified boron dipyrromethene (BDP‐TMA) ligand as a representative, the BDP‐TMA driven can precisely control phase distribution and passivate defects of CsPbBr3. Notably, BDP‐TMA acts as a co‐spacer organic entity in obtained BDP‐TMA‐CsPbBr3, facilitating efficient singlet energy transfer and tailoring the luminescence to produce a distinctive bluish‐white emission. The BDP‐TMA‐CsPbBr3 demonstrates significant phase stability under water exposure, light irradiation, and moderate temperature. Interestingly, BDP‐TMA‐CsPbBr3 exhibits the thermally‐induced dynamic fluorescence control at elevated temperatures, which can be achieved feasible for advanced information encryption. This discovery paves the way for the exploration of perovskite QWs in applications like temperature sensing, anti‐counterfeiting, and other advanced optical smart technologies.
On‐Surface Synthesis and Determination of the Open‐Shell Singlet Ground State of Tridecacene**
Authors: Zuzak Rafal , Kumar Manish , Stoica Otilia , Soler‐Polo Diego , Brabec Jiri , Pernal Katarzyna , Veis Libor , Blieck Remi , Echavarren Antonio M. , Jelinek Pavel , Godlewski Szymon 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe character of the electronic structure of acenes has been the subject of longstanding discussion. However, convincing experimental evidence of their open‐shell character has so far been missing. Here, we present the on‐surface synthesis of tridecacene molecules by thermal annealing of octahydrotridecacene on a Au(111) surface. We characterized the electronic structure of the tridecacene by scanning probe microscopy, which reveals the presence of an inelastic signal at 126 meV. We attribute the inelastic signal to spin excitation from the singlet diradical ground state to the triplet excited state. To rationalize the experimental findings, we carried out many‐body ab initio calculations as well as model Hamiltonians to take into account the effect of the metallic substrate. Moreover, we provide a detailed analysis of how the dynamic electron correlation and virtual charge fluctuation between the molecule and metallic surface reduces the singlet‐triplet band gap. Thus, this work provides the first experimental confirmation of the magnetic character of tridecacene.
Effect of BN or B4C content on physical and tribological properties of copper‐clad laminates reinforced with carbon fiber and epoxy resin
Authors: Sang Xiong , Liang Dong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPlasma treatment was used to improve the surface roughness of copper foil. The copper‐clad laminates reinforced with carbon fiber, boron nitride (BN), or boron carbide (B4C), and epoxy resin were prepared by hot pressing. The effect of BN or B4C content on the physical properties and tribological properties of copper‐clad laminates reinforced with carbon fiber and epoxy resin were studied. The resulting copper‐clad laminate exhibited desirable properties, such as dielectric constant, peel strength, oxygen index, and arc resistance, which were influenced by the concentration of BN or B4C particles. Additionally, the wear and friction properties of the laminate were evaluated, revealing the effects of load, sliding speed, and particle content on weight loss, specific wear rate, and coefficient of friction. SEM analysis of worn surfaces provided insight into the stages of wear, highlighting the importance of an oxide layer in reducing wear and protecting the copper surface.
Preparation of luminescent polyethylene plastic composite nano‐reinforced with glass fibers
Authors: El‐Newehy Mohamed H. , Thamer Badr M. , Abdulhameed Meera Moydeen 
Published: January 2024

AbstractElectrospun glass nanofibers (EGNFs) were prepared to reinforce polyethylene (PE) plastic waste towards the development of photochromic anti‐counterfeiting patterns and long‐persistent photoluminescent materials, such as smart windows and concrete. By physical integration of lanthanide‐doped aluminate (LdA) nanoparticles (NPs) into polyethylene plastic reinforced with EGNFs, a transparent lanthanide‐doped aluminate nanoparticles (LdANPs)/EGNFs@PE sheet was produced. The colorless EGNFs@PE hybrids became green under ultraviolet (UV) rays and greenish‐yellow in a darkened room as proved by CIE Lab and photoluminescence analysis. In the luminescent LdANPs/EGNFs@PE hybrids, the identified photochromism was promptly reversed at low concentrations of LdANPs to designate fluorescence emission. Photoluminescence was maintained with slow reversibility for the high phosphor concentrations to designate afterglow emission. LdANPs exhibit diameters of 5–12 nm, whereas glass nanofibers have diameters of 70–120 nm. The morphologies of LdANPs/EGNFs@PE substrates were studied by energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x‐ray fluorescence (XRF). The mechanical properties of the prepared polyethylene plastic were enhanced by reinforcement with glass nanofibers as a roughening agent. The photoluminescent substrates showed markedly improved scratch resistance in comparison to LdANPs‐free EGNFs@PE substrate. The obtained luminescence spectra displayed an emission band at 519 nm upon excitation at 365 nm. The results demonstrated that the luminous plastic has improved hydrophobicity and UV shielding upon increasing the LdANPs content.
Mimicking CHO large‐scale effects in the single multicompartment bioreactor: A new approach to access scale‐up behavior
Authors: Gaugler Lena , Hofmann Sebastian , Schlüter Michael , Takors Ralf 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDuring the scale‐up of biopharmaceutical production processes, insufficiently predictable performance losses may occur alongside gradients and heterogeneities. To overcome such performance losses, tools are required to explain, predict, and ultimately prohibit inconsistencies between laboratory and commercial scale. In this work, we performed CHO fed‐batch cultivations in the single multicompartment bioreactor (SMCB), a new scale‐down reactor system that offers new access to study large‐scale heterogeneities in mammalian cell cultures. At volumetric power inputs of 20.4–1.5 W m−3, large‐scale characteristics like long mixing times and dissolved oxygen (DO) heterogeneities were mimicked in the SMCB. Compared to a reference bioreactor (REFB) set‐up, the conditions in the SMCB provoked an increase in lactate accumulation of up to 87%, an increased glucose uptake, and reduced viable cell concentrations in the stationary phase. All are characteristic for large‐scale performance. The unique possibility to distinguish between the effects of changing power inputs and observed heterogeneities provided new insights into the potential reasons for altered product quality attributes. Apparently, the degree of galactosylation in the evaluated glycan patterns changed primarily due to the different power inputs rather than the provoked heterogeneities. The SMCB system could serve as a potent tool to provide new insights into scale‐up behavior and to predict cell line‐specific drawbacks at an early stage of process development.
Effect of vinegar steaming on the composition and structure of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide and its anti‐colitis activity
Authors: Guo Zhi‐jun , Zhang Wei , Xu Jin‐guo , Li Xiao‐man , Zhang Jiu‐ba , Li Yu , Ji De , Li Lin , Huang Wei , Su Lian‐lin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, infrared spectroscopy, high‐performance liquid chromatography, and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) technology were applied to systematically explain the Schisandra chinensis’s polysaccharide transformation in configuration, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and anti‐ulcerative colitis (UC) activity after vinegar processing. Scanning electron microscopic results showed that the appearance of S. chinensis polysaccharide changed significantly after steaming with vinegar. The MALDI‐TOF‐MS results showed that the mass spectra of raw S. chinensis polysaccharides (RSCP) were slightly lower than those of vinegar‐processed S. chinensis polysaccharides (VSCP). The RSCP showed higher peaks at m/z 1350.790, 2016.796, and 2665.985, all with left‐skewed distribution, and the molecular weights were concentrated in the range of 1300–3100, with no higher peak above m/z 5000. The VSCPs showed a whole band below m/z 3000, with m/z 1021.096 being the highest peak, and the intensity decreased with the increase of m/z. In addition, compared to RSCPs, VSCPs can significantly increase the content of intestinal short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study showed that the apparent morphology and molecular weight of S. chinensis’s polysaccharides significantly changed after steaming with vinegar. These changes directly affect its anti‐UC effect significantly, and its mechanism is closely related to improving the structure and diversity of gut microbiota and SCFA metabolism.
Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium liangshanense
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhao Yi‐Dan , Zhong He‐Yang , Chen Si‐Yang , Huang Shuai , Chen Lin , Zhou Xian‐Li 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo new C19‐diterpenoid alkaloids of the lycoctonine‐type (liangshanine A and liangshanine B) and nineteen known compounds (3‐21) were isolated from the whole plant of Delphinium liangshanense W. T. Wang, and all the compounds were identified by different spectroscopic analyses, such as IR, HR‐ESI‐MS and NMR. All the compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and tested for the anti‐proliferation effects on MH7 A and SF9 cells to figure their anti‐rheumatoid arthritis and anti‐insect activity, but none of them showed remarkable activity.
Ventilation failure after endotracheal intubation in an infant with abdominal compartment syndrome: A case report
Authors: Fu Yifan , Luo Zhen 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageIntra‐abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are distinct clinical stages of pathology caused by increased intra‐abdominal pressure, which may lead to respiratory and circulatory dysfunction in children and is associated with high pediatric mortality. An emergency exploratory laparotomy was planned for an infant with ACS. After induction of anesthesia and endotracheal intubation, the patient developed ventilation failure and any management was ineffective. Ventilation was resumed after a race against time abdominal decompression by the surgical team. Abdominal decompression is the primary treatment to relieve respiratory and circulatory failure in children with ACS.
Airway management in a two‐year‐old child with a tongue tumor using video laryngoscope‐assisted flexible bronchoscopic nasotracheal intubation (hybrid technique)
Authors: Senger Anne‐Sophie , Irouschek Andrea , Weber Manuel , Lutz Rainer , Rompel Oliver , Kesting Marco , Schmidt Joachim 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageAirway management in children can be challenging. A hybrid technique using a video laryngoscope‐assisted flexible bronchoscopic nasotracheal intubation allowed a successful airway management in a two‐year‐old child with a large tongue tumor.
Anterior cervical osteotomy of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis lesions with computer‐assisted navigation surgery: A case report
Authors: Avrumova Fedan , Goldman Samuel N. , Altorfer Franziska , Paschal Gregory K. , Lebl Darren R. 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) involves spine ligament ossification. Computer‐assisted navigation (CAN) effectively aids complex surgeries, such as anterior cervical osteotomy, to alleviate progressive DISH‐related dysphagia.AbstractWe describe a 68‐year‐old man with sudden onset dysphagia to both solids and liquids. Radiographic Imaging revealed DISH lesions from C2 down to the thoracic spine. The patient was successfully treated with CAN anterior osteotomy and resection of DISH lesions from C3–C6 and had complete symptom relief within 2 weeks post‐operatively.
Clinical experience of late presentation and major limb complication of Snake bite: A case report and review
Authors: Iyow Sowdo Nur , Turfan Selim , Osman Yahye Abdulkadir , Cetin Ahmet Huzeyfe , Osman Yusuf Jama , Mohamud Mohamed Farah Yusuf 
Published: January 2024

Key Clinical MessageSnakebite is a significant global public health concern. Venomous snake bites can lead to various life‐threatening clinical conditions that affect different bodily systems. These include the nervous system (neurotoxicity), musculoskeletal system (myotoxicity), cardiovascular system (cardiotoxicity), and blood clotting mechanisms (haemotoxicity). Here, we report a 5‐year‐old boy who was bitten by a snake and presented to the Emergency department with complaints of significant infection, necrosis, and gangrene affecting the three fingers of his right hand. After clinical evaluation and investigations, the patient underwent surgical intervention. The patient was discharged from the hospital after 5 weeks of admission with advice to follow up with a primary care physician and physical rehabilitation therapy to ensure the optimal healing and functionality of the affected hand.
A rare case report of coexisting rheumatic heart disease and systemic lupus erythematous
Authors: Dhungana Sanjay , Pandey Abhishek , Aryal Nijita , Kayastha Kshitiz , Pandey Santosh , Thakur Mukunda 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis case report discusses the rare coexistence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in a 46‐year‐old female patient, challenging the conventional understanding of their distinct presentations. The patient exhibited migratory joint pains, palpitations, and shortness of breath. Diagnostic investigations confirmed SLE based on EULAR/ACR criteria, with positive anti‐nuclear and anti‐dsDNA antibodies. Concurrently, transthoracic echocardiography revealed severe mitral stenosis and regurgitation, leading to the diagnosis of RHD. The patient underwent successful open‐heart surgery with mitral valve replacement. The discussion explores the rarity of this coexistence, emphasizing the need for cautious consideration and further research into potential immunological overlaps between SLE and RHD. The report concludes with a call for comprehensive studies to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology connecting these two conditions.
Energy Transfer on Cytoskeleton of Red Blood Cell Ghosts and their Efficiency Control by KCl Concentration‐induced Cell Shrinkage
Authors: Hiroe Haruka , Kawamoto Masashi , Imamura Hiroshi , Koshiyama Tomomi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLipid bilayer membranes such as liposomes have been utilized as platforms for bioinspired artificial photosynthesis. Embedding functional compounds, including chromophores and catalysts, into two‐dimensional lipid membranes allows their high local concentration and proximity, resulting in enhanced reactivity compared to that of homogeneous solutions. The control of photoreactions by the physical and chemical properties of membranes, such as fluidity and phase separation, has also been well studied in recent years. In contrast, it remains difficult to control chemical reactions via dynamic membrane deformation. Here, we report on the control of excitation energy transfer using red blood cell ghosts (RBCGs) as scaffolds, relying on their asymmetric lipid membranes and inherent and unique deformability. RBCGs, in which donor and acceptor molecules were chemically conjugated to a two‐dimensional cytoskeleton located beneath the inner membrane, exhibited energy transfer, and their efficiency varied depending on the amount and ratio of donor and acceptor modifications, as confirmed by experimental and theoretical analysis. Furthermore, the KCl concentration‐induced RBCG shrinkage enhanced the energy transfer efficiency. Our proposed method is expected to facilitate the construction of photoreaction systems that can be controlled via membrane deformation.
Assessing the Role of BN‐Embedding Position in B2N2‐Perylenes
Authors: Zeng Jing‐Cai , Zhao Kexiang , Zhang Peng‐Fei , Zhuang Fang‐Dong , Ding Li , Yao Ze‐Fan , Wang Jie‐Yu , Pei Jian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIncorporating heteroatoms can effectively modulate the molecular optoelectronic properties. However, the fundamental understanding of BN doping effects in BN‐embedded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is underexplored, lacking rational guidelines to modulate the electronic structures through BN units for advanced materials. Herein, a concise synthesis of novel B2N2‐perylenes with BN doped at the bay area is achieved to systematically explore the doping effect of BN position on the photophysical properties of PAHs. The shift of BN position in B2N2‐perylenes alters the π electron conjugation, aromaticity and molecular rigidness significantly, achieving substantially higher electron transition abilities than those with BN doped in the nodal plane. It is further clarified that BN position dominates the photophysical properties over BN orientation. The revealed guideline here may apply generally to novel BN‐PAHs, and aid the advancement of BN‐PAHs with highly‐emissive performance.
An isolated high step‐down DC–DC converter with dual coupled inductors for ultracapacitor charger applications
Authors: Tseng Kuo‐Ching , Huang Guan‐Yu , Hsiung Hsin‐Yuan 
Published: January 2024

SummaryIn this paper, an isolated high efficiency, high step‐down DC–DC converter for ultracapacitor charger applications is presented. In the proposed converter, by utilizing the structure of asymmetrical half‐bridge that combined the current‐doubler synchronous rectifier and the technique of coupled inductors to achieve high step‐down. The step‐down conversion ratio of the proposed converter can be increased by decreasing the turns ratios of transformer and coupled inductors. In contrast to the conventional full‐bridge or half‐bridge converter, the proposed converter can operate in a high step‐down situation; the extreme low duty and turns ratios are not necessary. The theoretical results are verified by experimental results, in the case of 380 V input voltage and 14.6 V output voltage with rated power 1 kW. In addition, the 250F ultracapacitor charged by prototype of the proposed converter from 0 to 14.6 V in 1 min verified its feasibility.