bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single-center retrospective study of Vitamin D status and acute left ventricular heart failure from a super specialty tertiary care hospital in Northeast India
Authors: Boro Anup Kumar , Gupta Prabir Kumar , Paul Biplab , Rahman Habibar , Gang Sneha , Barman Ananya 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive clinical condition and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Various studies have shown the association of Vitamin D deficiency with HF. The present study aimed to investigate the Vitamin D status among acute left ventricular failure (LVF) patients admitted to our hospital.

Materials and Methods:
Medical records of 55 acute LVF patients were retrospectively assessed. Patients were categorized according to their Vitamin D status. Demographics, risk factors, clinical presentations, and biochemical data of the patients were analyzed and documented.

Results:
Patients were grouped based on their Vitamin D status as deficient (40%; n = 22), insufficient (32.7%; n = 18), optimal (23.6%; n = 13), and toxic (3.6%; n = 2). The overall cohort included 67.3% (n = 37) of males with a male/female ratio of 2.1:1. Ages ranged from 22 to 86 years with a mean age of 64.8 years ± 2.3. Rural/Urban was 1:0.9. Hypertension (63.6%; n = 35) was the predominant risk factor across all groups. Mortality was the highest in the Vitamin D deficient group (36.4%; n = 8). The most common symptom observed was dyspnea (76.4%; n = 42). A high incidence of HF with reduced ejection fraction (58.1%; n = 32) was seen in the entire cohort with the highest prevalence in the Vitamin D-deficient group (27.3%; n = 15).

Conclusions:
Our study revealed a high occurrence of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among HF patients. Routine screening of Vitamin D levels should be done in patients with unexplained cardiac problems. Serious adverse events, including HF, can be prevented and/or reduced on early diagnosis and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency.
Effectiveness of Scheduled Early Ambulation on Maternal Outcomes in Post caesarean in Odisha, Eastern India
Authors: Yangchen Tanzin , Smitha M. V. , Sethi Prithviraj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Scheduled early ambulation on the day of surgery in post-operative women showed expedited recovery and prevented complications amongst women and newborns.

Objectives:
The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of scheduled early ambulation on maternal outcomes amongst post-caesarean women.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental post-test-only time series design was adopted. Post-caesarean women (142) were recruited to the experimental group (n
1 = 71) and the control group (n
2 = 71). Scheduled early ambulation was initiated from the day of surgery in the experimental group, while the control group received standard care. Post-operative recovery was assessed in both groups by a demographic pro forma, post-operative assessment tool and physical well-being tool.

Results:
The present study findings revealed a remarkable improvement in maternal outcomes such as a significant reduction in the mean post-operative pain score, speedy involution of the uterus, breastfeeding, lochia, first bowel movement, moving independently from the bed, catheter removal, initiation of oral intake and physical well-being amongst the women in the experimental compared to the control group.

Conclusion:
A scheduled early ambulation is crucial for improving maternal outcomes and restoring the sense of well-being in women after caesarean section (CS). The primary caregiver and health professionals should promote it to encourage women after CS to reduce post-operative complications and speedy recovery.
Effectiveness of Multi-interventional Package on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Child Molestation amongst Primary Schoolchildren
Authors: Arifa T. N. , Beevi T. M. Assuma 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Child molestation is a form of child sexual abuse (CSA) that affects children all over the world. It has the potential to devastate a child’s life in every aspect of their normal growth and development and has become the larger field of interpersonal trauma studies, CSA studies and intervention strategies. The primary intervention for eliminating this societal scourge is the implementation of preventive methods.

Objectives:
The aim of the study was to develop a multi-interventional package for the prevention of child molestation.

Methods:
This randomised control trial was carried out on 200 primary schoolchildren (PS children) who were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 100) and control (n = 100) groups from selected schools in the Kozhikode district of Kerala, India. A demographic pro forma and a knowledge questionnaire were used for data collection. The package included a display of a role-play video entitled ‘Rooby’ and a cartoon book explanation called ‘Karyakkudukka,’ implemented by the primary researcher. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. On pre-test, the majority of participants from both the groups had a good level of knowledge regarding child molestation prevention.

Results:
After receiving the intervention, there was a significant difference in the level of knowledge about the prevention of child molestation amongst the experimental group of PS children (P = 0.0001) depicting the effectiveness of the multi-interventional package.

Conclusion:
The developed multi-interventional package looked upon potent strategies for the prevention of child molestation.
Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Priyadarsini Ida Sweetlin , Ravindran Vinitha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the abounding literature, a rigorous framework with concrete steps is needed for synthesising the breadth, depth and accuracy of published knowledge. Systematic reviews (SRs) provide comprehensive and precise summaries of research on a particular topic by incorporating a detailed and comprehensive plan and search strategy, with the goal of reducing bias by identifying, appraising and synthesising all relevant studies on a particular topic. SRs are considered the gold standard for summarising evidence found in literature. This article outlines the major steps and process involved in doing a SR.
Health-related Quality of Life of Children with Cerebral Palsy and Its Determinants
Authors: Jose Stella , Premaletha Thankaraj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cerebral palsy (CP) is one amongst the most common childhood disabilities with varying clinical outcomes and can have profound effects on the daily life of children and their families. There are many possible factors that affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in childhood CP.

Objectives:
The main objectives of the study were to assess the HRQOL and its determinants amongst children with CP considering possible variables comprehensively from a biopsychosocial perspective.

Methods:
The study was conducted amongst 450 children with CP and their mothers selected consecutively from the paediatric units of a tertiary care centre and randomly selected special schools in Thiruvananthapuram District. The PedsQL CP module was used to measure the HRQOL.

Results:
HRQOL was poor in 44.17% of children with CP and moderate in 47.1% of children. Multiple logistic regression revealed that the independent predictors of HRQOL were sociodemographic, clinical, functional and behavioural attributes of the child, attitude, practice and perceived stress of caregiver and social support and social security measures available for the care of the child.

Conclusion:
Understanding the key factors that combined to influence the function and quality of life, their relative importance and the degree to which they can be modified were beneficial in planning specific interventions for children with CP.
Exploring the Importance of Emotional Intelligence Training Programme on Soft Skills: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Pareek Bharat , Kaur Harpreet , Rana Ruchi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAim:This study aimed to develop an emotional intelligence (EI) training programme and test its effectiveness on soft skills amongst nursing students.Methods:A randomised controlled trial was used in this study. The study enrolled a total of 100 nursing students from Saraswati Nursing Institute in Kurali. A total of 50 participants were chosen at random to a 5-day, 1.5-h EI training programme (EITP), while the other 50 were assigned to a control group that received no intervention. The EI scale and the Soft Skills Assessment Scale were used to examine the intervention’s impact. At the beginning (pre-test) and ending (post-test) of the research, the effectiveness of the training programme in the experimental and control groups was assessed. The CONSORT statement was used to perform this research.Results:The post-intervention mean soft skills score was higher amongst nursing students in the experimental group than in the control group, i.e.P≤ 0.05.Conclusion:EITP is an effective tool for improving soft skills. Thus, the relevance of soft skills was underlined in this study, and applying the EITP programme may be the best approach for improving soft skills amongst nursing students.
Eating behaviours, social media usage, and its association: A cross-sectional study in Indian medical undergraduates
Authors: Sawant Neena Sanjiv , More Shermeen Rajesh , Singh Shreyansh Dinesh , Agrawal Ansh Sanjay , Chauhan Ananya 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Despite increasing incidence, there is little data on abnormal eating behaviours or disorders in Indian youth, especially medical students. Additionally, little literature exists measuring the association of social media use with abnormal eating behaviours.

Aim:
To assess the prevalence of abnormal eating behaviours amongst medical students, social media usage, and any association of social media usage with eating behaviours.

Materials and Methods:
An online cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted with 272 participants at a medical college, and two scales: the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21items (TFEQ-R21) and the Scale of Effects of social media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) were used.

Results:
22% of the participants reported abnormal eating behaviours. A significant difference in the effect of social media on eating behaviour according to the year of study [f = 3.08, P = 0.02] was seen with the final years having the lowest and the first years having the highest SESMEB scores. Students using more than 4 social media platforms had a higher SESMEB score [t = -2.02, P < 0.04]. A positive correlation was seen between TFEQ domains such as uncontrolled eating [r = 0.38, P = 0.01], emotional eating [r = 0.30, P = 0.01], and TFEQ total score [r = 0.40, P = 0.01] with SESMEB scores.

Conclusion:
This study finds a significant correlation between increased social media usage and developing abnormal eating behaviours in medical students. It highlights the need for the creation of policies regulating social media use with eating behaviours in mind.
Transfer Learning with Pretrained Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Gleason Grading of Prostate Cancer Tissue Microarrays
Authors: Gifani Parisa , Shalbaf Ahmad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
The Gleason grading system has been the most effective prediction for prostate cancer patients. This grading system provides this possibility to assess prostate cancer’s aggressiveness and then constitutes an important factor for stratification and therapeutic decisions. However, determining Gleason grade requires highly-trained pathologists and is time-consuming and tedious, and suffers from inter-pathologist variability. To remedy these limitations, this paper introduces an automatic methodology based on transfer learning with pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automatic Gleason grading of prostate cancer tissue microarray (TMA).

Methods:
Fifteen pretrained (CNNs): Efficient Nets (B0-B5), NasNetLarge, NasNetMobile, InceptionV3, ResNet-50, SeResnet 50, Xception, DenseNet121, ResNext50, and inception_resnet_v2 were fine-tuned on a dataset of prostate carcinoma TMA images. Six pathologists separately identified benign and cancerous areas for each prostate TMA image by allocating benign, 3, 4, or 5 Gleason grade for 244 patients. The dataset was labeled by these pathologists and majority vote was applied on pixel-wise annotations to obtain a unified label.

Results:
Results showed the NasnetLarge architecture is the best model among them in the classification of prostate TMA images of 244 patients with accuracy of 0.93 and area under the curve of 0.98.

Conclusion:
Our study can act as a highly trained pathologist to categorize the prostate cancer stages with more objective and reproducible results.
Factors precipitating breakthrough seizures in childhood epilepsy
Authors: Thandapani Kanimozhi , Revathi K , Bharath Kumar T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Breakthrough seizures occur in 37% of epilepsy patients even though remission has been attained. Counseling on precipitating factors form an integral part of treatment along with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). Identification of precipitating factors may help in reducing unnecessary hospitalization and complications of breakthrough seizures.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary healthcare center in Puducherry. All children with epilepsy admitted with breakthrough seizures from January 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study. Those with neonatal seizures, diagnosis of either Neurocysticercosis or tuberculoma, cases without seizure free period of 6 months and case records without adequate details were excluded. Data regarding precipitating factors were collected from case records and analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 software.

Results:
Of the 80 children included in the study, mean age was 4.98 (±3.52) years and 56.3% were less than 5 years of age. In total, 90% (n = 72) of the participants had generalized epilepsy, of which 67 had generalized seizures, four had absence seizures and one had atonic seizures. Majority (85%) reported at least one possible precipitating factor for breakthrough seizures and common ones were fever (27.5%) and non-compliance to medication (26.25%). Most common reason for non-compliance was forgetting to take medication (38%). Also illiterate mothers and multiple AEDs had a significant association with non-compliance (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of our study stress the need on adequate counseling about possible precipitants and prescription on minimum AEDs whenever possible. Parents need to ensure strict adherence to AEDs and avoidance of trigger factors.
The Study of the Correlation between the Surgeon and the Patient Perspective in the Outcome Analysis of Patients Undergoing Liposuction and Excision for Gynaecomastia
Authors: Sreelesh L. S. , Ajayakumar K. , Anu A. K. 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Most patients with gynaecomastia seek surgical treatment because it causes embarrassment as well as anxiety for them. Hence, apart from cosmesis, mental satisfaction also plays an important role in the surgical treatment of gynaecomastia. This study was aimed at evaluating the outcome of gynaecomastia treated by liposuction and excision.

Materials Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent liposuction and excision for gynaecomastia was done. Cosmetic results were assessed at least 6 months after the surgery and included factors like breast size, breast symmetry, the shape of the Nipple areolar Complex (NAC), symmetry of NAC and quality and visibility of scars. For each of these factors, a score from 1 to 10 was given by the patient as well as the surgeon.

Results:
Out of 58 patients included in this study, the overall mean patient score and surgeon score were 42.53 and 42.74, respectively. Grade I patients were having the best final aesthetic result (score = 44.28) and Grade III patients were having the least score (37.66) There was a good correlation between patients’ scores and surgeons’ scores on the symmetry of breasts, size of the breast and shape of the nipple-areolar complex. The mean value for overall satisfaction was 9.15. The overall complication rate was 17.2%.

Conclusions:
Gynaecomastia patients treated with liposuction and excision were having very good results in terms of aesthetic outcomes. There was a good correlation between patients’ perspectives and surgeons’ perspectives on the symmetry of breasts, size of breasts and shape of the nipple-areolar complexes. They also had good overall satisfaction and confidence levels.
Atypical Clinical Presentation and Late Diagnosis: A Retrospective Study of Uncomplicated and Complicated Appendicitis in Paediatric Age Groups
Authors: Seviar Prince , Joseph John , Kurian Nisha , John Atul , Kuriakose Albin 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
Children tend to have a higher rate of appendicular perforation compared to adults. In small children and the elderly, the diagnostic accuracy is low, and the perforation rate is high. Children with appendicitis are brought late to the hospital compared to adults, leading to delays in the diagnosis and treatment, thereby increasing the risk of complicated appendicitis.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to delineate the atypical presentations of appendicitis across the different paediatric age groups treated in a tertiary care center and to compare the disease course and outcomes of complicated appendicitis in atypical and typical presentations.

Study Design:
This was a retrospective study of 273 children who developed appendicitis and underwent treatment for the same in a tertiary hospital between June 2011 and May 2019.

Results:
Children who presented with loose stools and dysuria in addition to abdominal pain, fever and vomiting were grouped under the atypical category. The appendix was perforated more in the atypical group (67.6%) compared to the typical group (29.2%) found during surgery (P < 0.001). Similarly, the atypical group had a higher number of mass (37.8%) (P < 0.001) and abscess formation (40.5%) (P = 0.004) compared to the typical group. Children with atypical presentation in the age group of <6 years (87.5% as against 39.3%; P = 0.041) and 6–11 years (68.2% as against 31.6%, P = 0.002) when compared to older paediatric age group had significantly more complications.

Conclusion:
Diagnosis of appendicitis in preschoolers and young children is a difficult task due to uncommon or atypical presentations. Misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis and treatment in atypical cases of appendicitis in children have an increased risk of presenting with complications.
Efficacy of Topical Oxygen Therapy as an Adjuvant to Conventional Dressing in Wound Healing – A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Jarande Omkar , Dumbre Ramesh , Fernandes Arun , Phalgune Deepak Sadashiv 
Published: February 2024

Background:
The prevalence of lower limb ulcers is common in India and there is a dearth of research work regarding the use of topical oxygen therapy (TOT) in wound healing. The present research aimed to compare the efficacy of wound healing in lower limb ulcers with and without TOT as an adjuvant to conventional dressing.

Materials and Methods:
This randomised controlled study was conducted in patients aged between 18 and 65 years with diabetic foot ulcers, ulcers secondary to peripheral arterial disease, ulcers due to chronic venous insufficiency, pressure sores and traumatic ulcers. Post-debridement patients were randomised into two groups of 35 patients each. Group A and Group B patients received TOT along with normal saline dressing and only normal saline dressings, respectively.

Results:
The median surface area of the wound on post-debridement day, day 3, day 7, 1 week after discharge and 1-month post-operatively was significantly lower in Group A as compared to Group B. The percentage reduction in surface area of the wound at 1-month post-operative follow-up was significantly higher in Group A as compared to Group B. Significantly higher proportion of cases in Group A had relatively better ulcer bed score (scores 0 or 1) at day 7 and 1-month post-operative follow-up as compared to Group B. The median amount of exudate on post-debridement day, day 3, day 7 and 1 week after discharge was significantly lower in Group A as compared to Group B.

Conclusions:
TOT can be used to improve wound healing in lower limb ulcers.
Assessment of Felt Needs Regarding Reproductive Health among Adolescent Girls in Schools Located in Urban Area
Authors: Baviskar Rupali Narendra , Abhivant Niteen Naganath , Parande Malangori Abdulgani , Tambe Muralidhar Parshuram , Mule Namrata Dinkar , Hatanpure Minal Bhimrao , Salunke Priyanka Hemant , Jagadale Ganesh Rajndra , Chavhan Pawan Namdeorao 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Among adolescents, girls are more vulnerable than boys1. To promote these girls and for progress on all grounds, it has become very important to find out their problems and their felt needs.

Aim:
To assess the felt needs of adolescent girls of secondary schools in urban areas regarding reproductive health.

Objectives:
1) To assess the felt needs of adolescent girls regarding reproductive health.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study conducted over 6 months of period among 9th-class girls of 2 municipal secondary schools located in urban area. The sample size was calculated to be 139.

Result:
Felt need of a maximum (82%) of participants was that education about reproductive health should be provided to adolescent girls by a female doctor in school followed by (41%) confidential health check-up of girls regarding reproductive health issues.

Conclusion:
Present study reveals that the Primary felt needs of 9th-class girls in municipal schools of urban area is reproductive health education by a female doctor in school followed by confidential health check-ups for reproductive health issues.