bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in total volatile organic compound concentration in Seoul subway stations before (2019) and after (2021) the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Hwang Sung Ho , Won Jong-Uk , Park Wha Me 
Published: November 2023

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major air pollutants often designated as specific hazardous or toxic. This study analyzed the trends in concentration changes and influencing factors of VOCs in underground subway stations in the Seoul Metro before (2019) and after (2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 506 samples were collected from 253 stations on lines 1–8 between May 2019 and September 2021. Total VOC concentrations in Seoul Metro increased after the COVID-19 pandemic 3.8 times over. The deeper the underground station platform, the greater the difference in the VOC concentrations between 2019 and 2021, which was positively related. Average VOC concentration was the highest (52.8 µg/m3) at a depth of 25–30 m and the lowest (23.9 µg/m3) at a depth of < 10 m in 2019. In conclusion, excessive disinfection during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in increased VOC concentrations in the Seoul Metro, especially in the deeper underground stations. Less frequent quarantine disinfection is recommended to improve air quality.
Revealing the potential of necroptosis-related genes in prognosis, immune characteristics, and treatment strategies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cao Junhua , Wu Congxiao , Han Zhaofeng , Liu Zheng , Yang Zheng , Ren Minge , Wang Ximei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNecroptosis is a recently discovered apoptotic mechanism that has been linked to tumor formation, prognosis, and treatment response. However, the relationship between the TME and NRGs remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns of NRGs in 769 HNSCC cases from two distinct data sets. Our findings revealed distinct genetic groups and a correlation between patient clinical features, prognosis, TME cell infiltration characteristics, and NRG alterations. We then developed an NRG model to predict OS and confirmed its accuracy in predicting OS in HNSCC patients. Moreover, we have devised a precise nomogram that enhances the clinical utility of the NRG model substantially. The low-risk group had a better OS, and they were associated with immune suppression, more mutated genes, and higher TIDE scores. The risk score also had a significant correlation with the CSC index and susceptibility to anti-tumor agents. Our study provides insights into how NRGs affect prognosis, clinically significant features, TME, and immunotherapy response in HNSCC. With a better knowledge of NRGs in HNSCC, we could assess the prognosis and develop immunotherapy regimens that are more successful at opening up new doors.
Saliva culture as a predictive indicator for current blood infections and antimicrobial resistance in the ICU setting
Authors: da Rocha Santos Leonardo Moura Brasil , de Paula Ramos Lucas , Santos Carlos Eduardo Rocha , Miranda Diego Garcia , Gimenez Mariana Gadelho , Meccatti Vanessa Marques , Abu Hasna Amjad , dos Santos Oliveira Marcela , Neto Morun Bernardino , Dias de Oliveira Luciane 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a worldwide health problem and patients in intensive care are more vulnerable, requiring strict control measures and early identification. Currently, clinical culture materials are used to identify the bacterial agent, but saliva culture is not validated, which has great clinical relevance because it participates in several pathophysiological processes. The aim of this study was to validate saliva culture in an intensive care unit environment, determining its diagnostic value for infection. For this purpose, the results of the 39-month surveillance cultures, from the database of a private hospital were evaluated. A total of 323 cultures were paired between saliva, tracheal secretions, blood and urine from patients who were hospitalized for more than 5 days. The search for correlations between the results was performed using the Spearman correlation test. Severity and evolution data were also correlated. It was possible to correlate the presence of Klebsiella spp. between blood culture and saliva culture in 25% of the results (r = 0.01) and the correlation between saliva and tracheal secretion was 33% (r = 0.33447) with p < 0.0001. In conclusion, saliva can be an excellent discriminator of systemic infections, and can be considered a useful culture in clinical practice.
Enhancing investigative interview training using a child avatar system: a comparative study of interactive environments
Authors: Hassan Syed Zohaib , Sabet Saeed Shafiee , Riegler Michael Alexander , Baugerud Gunn Astrid , Ko Hayley , Salehi Pegah , Røed Ragnhild Klingenberg , Johnson Miriam , Halvorsen Pål 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe impact of investigative interviews by police and Child Protective Services (CPS) on abused children can be profound, making effective training vital. Quality in these interviews often falls short and current training programs are insufficient in enabling adherence to best practice. We present a system for simulating an interactive environment with alleged abuse victims using a child avatar. The purpose of the system is to improve the quality of investigative interviewing by providing a realistic and engaging training experience for police and CPS personnel. We conducted a user study to assess the efficacy of four interactive platforms: VR, 2D desktop, audio, and text chat. CPS workers and child welfare students rated the quality of experience (QoE), realism, responsiveness, immersion, and flow. We also evaluated perceived learning impact, engagement in learning, self-efficacy, and alignment with best practice guidelines. Our findings indicate VR as superior in four out of five quality aspects, with 66% participants favoring it for immersive, realistic training. Quality of questions posed is crucial to these interviews. Distinguishing between appropriate and inappropriate questions, we achieved 87% balanced accuracy in providing effective feedback using our question classification model. Furthermore, CPS professionals demonstrated superior interview quality compared to non-professionals, independent of the platform.
The bacterial species profiles of the lingual and salivary microbiota differ with basic tastes sensitivity in human
Authors: Licandro Hélène , Truntzer Caroline , Fromentin Sébastien , Morabito Christian , Quinquis Benoit , Pons Nicolas , Martin Christophe , Blottière Hervé M. , Neyraud Eric 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTaste perception is crucial and impairments, which can be linked to pathologies, can lead to eating disorders. It is triggered by taste compounds stimulating receptors located on the tongue. However, the tongue is covered by a film containing saliva and microorganisms suspected to modulate the taste receptor environment. The present study aimed to elucidate the links between taste sensitivity (sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, umami) and the salivary as well as the tongue microbiota using shotgun metagenomics. 109 bacterial species were correlated with at least one taste. Interestingly, when a species was correlated with at least two tastes, the correlations were unidirectional, indicating a putative global implication. Some Streptococcus, SR1 and Rickenellaceae species correlated with five tastes. When comparing both ecosystems, saliva appears to be a better taste predictor than tongue. This work shows the implication of the oral microbiota in taste and exhibits specificities depending on the ecosystem considered.
Net greenhouse-gas emissions and reduction opportunities in the Western Australian beef industry
Authors: Wiedemann Stephen , Longworth Emma , O’Shannessy Riley 
Published: November 2023

Context The Western Australian (WA) Government has set ambitious emission reduction targets and is developing strategies to reduce emissions across the state economy, including agriculture. Aims This study determined the product carbon footprint (CF) and total emissions of the WA beef industry, to establish a baseline for emission reduction planning. Methods A cradle-to-gate attributional life-cycle assessment with a reconciled livestock inventory of herd numbers and turnoff, was used. Emission reduction strategies were examined and included herd management, enteric-methane mitigation, and removals via carbon sequestration in vegetation and soils. Key results Modelled livestock numbers were found to be 36% higher than reported in the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), resulting in an emission profile of 4.7 million tonnes (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) (excluding land use (LU) and direct LU change (dLUC)). This profile was 26% higher than emissions reported in state inventories. LU and dLUC were estimated to be a greenhouse-gas removal of −2.6 Mt CO2-e, although with high uncertainty. The mean CF for WA was 15.3 kg CO2-e per kg liveweight (LW) (excluding LU and dLUC). State-wide removals from LU and dLUC were estimated to be −8.5 kg CO2-e/kg LW. The CF was 11.7, 19.2 and 18.2 kg CO2-e/kg LW for the Agricultural, Kimberley and Arid regions respectively. The implementation of herd-management strategies and anti-methanogenic supplements resulted in a maximum 25% reduction. Conclusions Herd productivity and market specifications were key drivers of regional differences in CF. Opportunities exist to reduce the CF in northern herds through diverting cattle to Australian backgrounding and feedlot supply chains to reach slaughter weight at a younger age. Adoption of anti-methanogenic feed supplements were important; however, achieving major reductions in the next decade will rely on removals via carbon sequestration in soil and vegetation. Implications Considering the magnitude of removals and elevated uncertainty in this result, further research and new datasets are needed to refine this analysis. New datasets are required to accurately report livestock numbers and track and reduce future GHG emissions from this higher baseline. Technical, cost and adoption barriers will need to be addressed by developing actionable pathways to achieve emission reduction in the mid- to long term.
Traversing the Andes in the Most Beautiful Train in the World
Authors: Montero Carla Guerrón 
Published: November 2023

Summary
In this case study, I take the reader on a voyage through Ecuador’s railway system. It was inaugurated as a unifying component of the nation’s transportation infrastructure at the beginning of the 20th century, then reconstructed and transformed into a heritage tourism attraction in the early years of the 21st century. The reconstruction project, initiated in 2008 by controversial President Rafael Correa Delgado (2007–2017), restored a large portion of the original railway system for heritage and tourism purposes. Even though subsequent administrations have abandoned the project, the revitalization of the railroad system is considered to this day as one of the most emblematic successes of Correa’s tourism policy and a model for railway tourism. Based on ethnographic and bibliographic research conducted between 2014 and 2023, I discuss the successes and limitations of using railway heritage tourism to enforce political ideologies and nation-building.
To Matt, my favorite eternal wanderer

Information
© The Author 2023
Unleashing the potential of solar irrigation in Bangladesh: key lessons from different implementation models
Authors: Mitra Archisman , Buisson Marie-Charlotte , Osmani Abdullah Zahid , Mukherji Aditi 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The transition to solar-powered irrigation in South Asia offers an opportunity to cut greenhouse gas emissions and reduce dependency on expensive diesel. However, appropriate institutional and financial models are required to scale up this technology. Three different solar irrigation pump (SIP) implementation modalities coexist in Bangladesh, providing a good opportunity to evaluate and gain insightful knowledge on the solarization process. These conclusions are also applicable to neighboring countries dealing with comparable problems. The three models are (i) community-managed SIP model, (ii) individual ownership model, and (iii) fee-for-service model. In this article, we argue that the fee-for-service model involving a market-based approach and public-private partnership is the most promising in terms of addressing two main challenges in solarization, i.e. high capex financing requirement and generation of sufficient demand. In terms of achieving equity in SIP access and groundwater sustainability, all three models have their respective pros and cons. However, the financial sustainability of SIPs is under threat due to the significant project costs. It is imperative to expedite the integration of SIPs with the national power grid while implementing supportive government policies. This includes enhancing buy-back tariffs and introducing net-metering options to ensure long-term sustainability.
A comprehensive review and evaluation of graph neural networks for non-coding RNA and complex disease associations
Authors: Hu Xiaowen , Liu Dayun , Zhang Jiaxuan , Fan Yanhao , Ouyang Tianxiang , Luo Yue , Zhang Yuanpeng , Deng Lei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the occurrence and development of numerous human diseases. Consequently, studying the associations between ncRNAs and diseases has garnered significant attention from researchers in recent years. Various computational methods have been proposed to explore ncRNA–disease relationships, with Graph Neural Network (GNN) emerging as a state-of-the-art approach for ncRNA–disease association prediction. In this survey, we present a comprehensive review of GNN-based models for ncRNA–disease associations. Firstly, we provide a detailed introduction to ncRNAs and GNNs. Next, we delve into the motivations behind adopting GNNs for predicting ncRNA–disease associations, focusing on data structure, high-order connectivity in graphs and sparse supervision signals. Subsequently, we analyze the challenges associated with using GNNs in predicting ncRNA–disease associations, covering graph construction, feature propagation and aggregation, and model optimization. We then present a detailed summary and performance evaluation of existing GNN-based models in the context of ncRNA–disease associations. Lastly, we explore potential future research directions in this rapidly evolving field. This survey serves as a valuable resource for researchers interested in leveraging GNNs to uncover the complex relationships between ncRNAs and diseases.
The effect of resveratrol on aortic growth and function in patients with marfan syndrome
Authors: Bosshardt D , Van Andel M M , Schrauben E M , Gottwald L M , Van Kimmenade R R J , Scholte A J H A , Dickinson M G , Zwinderman A H , Mulder B J , Nederveen A J , Van Ooij P , Groenink M , De Waard V 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) have an increased risk of life-threatening aortic complications, mostly preceded by aortic dilatation. Resveratrol, a dietary supplement that intervenes in cellular metabolism has been shown to reduce aortic dilatation rate in a rodent study (1).

Purpose
To investigate if treatment with Resveratrol reduces aortic dilatation rate in patients with MFS.

Methods
In this investigator-initiated, prospective, pre-post observational, multicenter trial, we analysed Resveratrol treatment in adults with MFS. Primary endpoint was the change in aortic dilatation rate at five predetermined locations along the thoracic aorta following the daily intake of 500 mg Resveratrol for one year. Aortic dilatation rate was calculated using diastolic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) aorta diameters acquired at three time points: the most recent MRI examination available prior to inclusion and two Dixon 3D examinations on a 3 Tesla MRI system acquired at baseline and after one year Resveratrol administration. Additionally, we quantified and investigated regional changes in aortic hemodynamics (wall shear stress (WSS), flow velocity and pulse wave velocity (PWV)) determined by 4D-flow MRI.

Results
A total of 57 participants, mean age of 37 ± 9 years, of which 28 males (49%) were included in the study. Twenty-six (46%) had undergone aortic root replacement prior to the study. All aortic dimensions remained stable after 1.2 ± 0.3 years follow-up. A significant decrease in growth rate (mm/year) in the ascending aorta was observed during the trial compared to pre-trial, from 0.54 (IQR: 0.09–1.39) to 0.00 (IQR: -0.99–0.67), p=0.004. Global PWV and regional mean WSS and velocity did not change after one year of Resveratrol use. PWV (m/s) was significantly higher for patients with a history of aortic root surgery (9.83 ± 1.8 versus 8.42 ± 1.91, p=0.034). Additionally, using Spearman’s ρ correlation coefficient, a positive correlation between PWV and age was found; r=0.452, p=0.003.

Conclusion
In adult patients with MFS, Resveratrol treatment shows promising results towards stabilizing aortic growth rate after 1.2 year follow up, without major changes in aorta hemodynamics. These findings may warrant a subsequent larger study with a longer follow-up period.RESVcue study summary figure
Federal exceptionalism and constituent power: Afterword to the Foreword by Sergio Verdugo
Authors: Aroney Nicholas , Delaney Erin F , Tierney Stephen 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Sergio Verdugo makes a powerful and cogent attack on constituent power. Nevertheless, we ask whether he has rushed to judgment in concluding the theory has outlived its usefulness, as he fails to take into consideration the complexities federation might introduce. In this Afterword, we present an argument for why the federal form might encourage or require a reconceptualization or reevaluation of constituent power, and we advocate a fuller exploration of “federal exceptionalism” before scholars pass judgment on the concept.
Codesigning community networking literacies with rural/remote Northern Indigenous communities in Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: McMahon Rob , McNally Michael B , Nitschke Eric , Napier Kyle , Alvarez Malvido María , Akçayir Murat 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDigital literacy research and practice typically presume certain conditions, such as an urban orientation and adequate, affordable access to connectivity and devices. But these conditions are not universal; for example, people in small, rural/remote Indigenous communities may seek to balance connectivity challenges and digital innovations with land-based living specific to place and community. Drawing on efforts to broaden critical digital literacies to support Indigenous sovereignty, we consider how overlapping contexts of places, communities, and infrastructures intersect in the cocreation of appropriate digital literacy. Specifically, we discuss a series of virtually facilitated, participatory workshops that utilize “hacker literacies” and “infrastructure literacy” to reimagine connectivity infrastructure and demonstrate the potential of community networking in, with, and by rural/remote Indigenous communities. We also reflect on limitations of this work and identify lessons for future projects.
Deficiency of long‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase 4 leads to lipopolysaccharide‐induced mortality in a mouse model of septic shock
Authors: Kuwata Hiroshi , Nakatani Eriko , Tomitsuka Yuki , Ochiai Tsubasa , Sasaki Yuka , Yoda Emiko , Hara Shuntaro 
Published: November 2023

AbstractLong‐chain acyl‐CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) converts free highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) into their acyl‐CoA esters and is important for HUFA utilization. HUFA‐containing phospholipids produced via ACSL4‐dependent reactions are involved in pathophysiological events such as inflammatory responses and ferroptosis as a source for lipid mediators and/or a target of oxidative stress, respectively. However, the in vivo role of ACSL4 in inflammatory responses is not fully understood. This study sought to define the effects of ACSL4 deficiency on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced systemic inflammatory responses using global Acsl4 knockout (Acsl4 KO) mice. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS‐induced more severe symptoms, including diarrhea, hypothermia, and higher mortality, in Acsl4 KO mice within 24 h compared with symptoms in wild‐type (WT) mice. Intestinal permeability induced 3 h after LPS challenge was also enhanced in Acsl4 KO mice compared with that in WT mice. In addition, plasma levels of some eicosanoids in Acsl4 KO mice 6 h post‐LPS injection were 2‐ to 9‐fold higher than those in WT mice. The increased mortality observed in LPS‐treated Acsl4 KO mice was significantly improved by treatment with the general cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin with a partial reduction in the severity of illness index for hypothermia, diarrhea score, and intestinal permeability. These results suggest that ACSL4 deficiency enhances susceptibility to endotoxin at least partly through the overproduction of cyclooxygenase‐derived eicosanoids.
Revisiting the unmet mental health needs in Canada
Authors: McAllister Matthew S. , Olagunju Andrew T. 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
In Canada, unmet mental health care needs remain a major issue despite mental disorders ranking as the second largest source of years lost to disability. As discussions continue on alternative models of healthcare to reduce the long waiting times for mental health treatment, leveraging the skills and resources available from physician associates/assistants (PAs) and NPs becomes imperative. Relatively few PAs in Canada work in psychiatry, despite widespread acceptance in other medical disciplines. Sustainable funding models for the training, recruitment, and retention of PAs in mental health care are vital. More research, policy development, and interprofessional collaboration can enhance the effective integration of PAs into mental health care.
Acetylated Histone Modifications: Intersection of Diabetes and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Liu Runyang , Li Lihua , Wang Zhongqun , Zhu Jie , Ji Yu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Worldwide, type 2 diabetes is predominant form of diabetes, and it is mainly affected by the environment. Furthermore, the offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic disorder syndrome may have a higher risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which indicates that the environmental impact on diabetes prevalence can be transmitted across generations. In the process of diabetes onset and intergenerational transmission, the genetic structure of the individual is not directly changed but is regulated by epigenetics. In this process, genes or histones are modified, resulting in selective expression of proteins. This modification will affect not only the onset of diabetes but also the related onset of atherosclerosis. Acetylation and deacetylation may be important regulatory factors for the above lesions. Therefore, in this review, based on the whole process of atherosclerosis evolution, we explored the possible existence of acetylation/deacetylation caused by diabetes. However, because of the lack of atherosclerosis-related acetylation studies directly based on diabetic models, we also used a small number of experiments involving nondiabetic models of related molecular mechanisms.