bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LAI estimation based on physical model combining airborne LiDAR waveform and Sentinel-2 imagery
Authors: Shi Zixi , Shi Shuo , Gong Wei , Xu Lu , Wang Binhui , Sun Jia , Chen Bowen , Xu Qian 
Published: September 2023

Leaf area index (LAI) is an important biophysical parameter of vegetation and serves as a significant indicator for assessing forest ecosystems. Multi-source remote sensing data enables large-scale and dynamic surface observations, providing effective data for quantifying various indices in forest and evaluating ecosystem changes. However, employing single-source remote sensing spectral or LiDAR waveform data poses limitations for LAI inversion, making the integration of multi-source remote sensing data a trend. Currently, the fusion of active and passive remote sensing data for LAI inversion primarily relies on empirical models, which are mainly constructed based on field measurements and do not provide a good explanation of the fusion mechanism. In this study, we aimed to estimate LAI based on physical model using both spectral imagery and LiDAR waveform, exploring whether data fusion improved the accuracy of LAI inversion. Specifically, based on the physical model geometric-optical and radiative transfer (GORT), a fusion strategy was designed for LAI inversion. To ensure inversion accuracy, we enhanced the data processing by introducing a constraint-based EM waveform decomposition method. Considering the spatial heterogeneity of canopy/ground reflectivity ratio in regional forests, calculation strategy was proposed to improve this parameter in inversion model. The results showed that the constraint-based EM waveform decomposition method improved the decomposition accuracy with an average 12% reduction in RMSE, yielding more accurate waveform energy parameters. The proposed calculation strategy for the canopy/ground reflectivity ratio, considering dynamic variation of parameter, effectively enhanced previous research that relied on a fixed value, thereby improving the inversion accuracy that increasing on the correlation by 5% to 10% and on R2 by 62.5% to 132.1%. Based on the inversion strategy we proposed, data fusion could effectively be used for LAI inversion. The inversion accuracy achieved using both spectral and LiDAR data (correlation=0.81, R2 = 0.65, RMSE=1.01) surpassed that of using spectral data or LiDAR alone. This study provides a new inversion strategy for large-scale and high-precision LAI inversion, supporting the field of LAI research.
Comparative analysis of the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of two pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Cultivars: ‘Tunisia’ and ‘Qingpi’
Authors: Zhang Huifen , Wang Miao , Yu Guoqiang , Pu Jing , Tian Kun , Tang Xiaofu , Du Ying , Wu Hongxia , Hu Jiong , Luo Xian , Lin Lijin , Deng Qunxian 
Published: September 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), with its abundant phenolic substances and strong antioxidant activity, holds significant research and utilization potential across various organs. However, there have been few studies on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of pomegranate, especially the placenta. This study investigated the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fruits, flowers, and leaves of two pomegranate varieties, ‘Tunisia’ and ‘Qingpi’, throughout their growth and development. Results indicated significant variations in phenolic content among different organs, with petals exhibiting the highest total polyphenol content (TPC, 49.40 mg GAE/g FW) and total anthocyanin content (TMAC, 1938.54 nmol/g FW). Placenta contained the highest levels of total flavonoids (TFC, 173.58 mg RE/g FW) and punicalagin (109.30 mg/g FW). The peel had the highest content of total flavanols (TFAC, 19.42 mg CE/g FW). Over the course of pomegranate development, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, total flavanols, punicalagin, and antioxidant activity declined in different organs. Antioxidant activity followed the order: fruit &gt; flower &gt; leaf, with the placenta exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity among fruits. Antioxidant activity showed a significant positive correlation with total polyphenols (R2 = 0.77-1.00), total flavonoids (R2 = 0.71-0.99, except tegmens), and punicalagin (R2 = 0.71-1.00). This study provides a comparative analysis of the phenolic content and antioxidant activity in different organs of pomegranate, highlighting the placenta as the primary source of punicalagin. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of pomegranate phenolic compounds.
Neuropsychiatric correlates of olfactory identification and traumatic brain injury in a sample of impulsive violent offenders
Authors: Challakere Ramaswamy Vasudeva Murthy , Butler Tony , Ton Bianca , Wilhelm Kay , Mitchell Philip B. , Knight Lee , Greenberg David , Ellis Andrew , Gebski Val , Schofield Peter William 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundOlfactory deficits have a diverse etiology and can be detected with simple olfactory tests. Key olfactory pathways are located within the frontal and temporal lobes where they are vulnerable to damage due to head trauma. Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) integrity is important for olfaction and aspects of behavioral regulation. We measured olfactory identification ability in a sample of impulsive violent offenders to determine its associations with history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a range of neuropsychiatric indices, including proxies for cognitive ability, impulsivity and social connectedness.MethodsMale participants were drawn from the ReINVEST study, a randomized controlled trial of sertraline to reduce recidivism in violent impulsive offenders. Criteria for participation in the study included a minimum age of 18 years, a documented history of two or more violent offenses, and a score of 70 or above on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). The 16-item “Sniffin sticks” (SS) odor identification test (OI) was administered as were standardized questionnaires regarding previous TBI, additional measures to screen cognition [word reading test of the Wechsler Individuals Achievement Test (WIAT), social connectedness (the Duke Social Support Scale), and a range of other neuropsychiatric conditions or symptoms]. The sample SS scores were compared against published age-specific norms. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with SS score (linear regression, within those without hyposmia) or hyposmia (logistic regression) as the outcome.ResultsThe mean OI scores were lower than population norms and 16% of participants were classified as hyposmic. Univariate analyses showed associations of SS score with age, WIAT score, impulsivity, TBI and TBI severity, social connectedness, childhood sexual abuse, suicidality and current use of heroin. In multivariate analyses, age, TBI severity and WIAT remained as significant independent predictors of SS score (within the normosmic range) or hyposmia (logistic regression).ConclusionOlfactory performance was associated with multiple behavioral phenomena in a pattern that would be consistent with this serving as a proxy for orbitofrontal functioning. As such, OI testing may have utility in further studies of offenders. In future, we will examine whether olfactory score predicts recidivism or response to the administration of sertraline, in terms of reducing recidivism.
The effect of stressful life events on the risk for psychosis: differences between Mexican at clinical and familial high risk
Authors: Nieto Lourdes , Domínguez-Martínez Tecelli , Navarrete Laura , Rosel-Vales Mauricio , Saracco-Álvarez Ricardo , Celada-Borja César , Rascón-Gasca Maria Luisa , Samperio Luis Gerardo Moncayo 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundStressful life events (SLEs) in the development of early psychosis have been little studied in low-income countries. This study examines differences in the prevalence of SLEs in Mexican at clinical high risk (CHR) and those with familial high risk for psychosis who do not meet CHR criteria (non-CHR FHR). We also analyze the association between SLEs and CHR.MethodsParticipants included 43 persons with CHR and 35 with non-CHR FHR. CHR criteria were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State. SLEs were assessed using the Questionnaire of Stressful Life Events.ResultsParticipants with CHR reported more SLEs associated with negative academic experiences than those in the non-CHR FHR group. Bullying (OR = 7.77, 95% CI [1.81, 33.32]) and low educational level (OR = 21.25, 95% CI [5.19, 46.90]) were the strongest predictors of CHR, while starting to live with a partner (OR = 0.26, 95% CI [0.10, 0.84]) was associated with a lower risk of CHR.ConclusionNegative school experiences increase the risk of psychosis, particularly bullying, suggesting that schools may be ideal settings for implementing individual preventive strategies to reduce risk factors and increase protective factors to improve the prognosis of those at risk of developing psychosis. In Latin America, there are multiple barriers to early intervention in psychosis. It is thus crucial to identify risk and protective factors at the onset and in the course of psychosis in order to design effective preventive interventions.
Nigerian parents and caregivers knowledge, attitude and willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19
Authors: Ajose Azeezat , Akinde Cassandra , Ilo Azizat , Durojaiye Tobi , Shittu Yusuf , Kadiri Tolani , Raheem Bisola , Alamutu Mujidat Kehinde , Ojo Olamide , Roberts Alero Ann 
Published: October 2023

ObjectivesIn order to achieve herd immunity against COVID-19, a significant proportion of the population will need to be vaccinated. Experts have recommended that African children be allowed to get vaccinated to protect them from emerging variants of COVID-19 infection. This study investigated Nigerian parents and caregivers’ knowledge, attitude, and willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 once the vaccines are made available to them.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey of 500 parents/caregivers was conducted in Nigeria. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire about their sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of and attitude toward COVID-19 infection and vaccination, willingness to vaccinate their child and factors that could influence their decision to vaccinate their child. A scoring system was used to classify the level of knowledge and attitude of participants into 2 categories, namely poor, and good. We analyzed data obtained using SPSS Version 22.ResultsMajority of the participants were females (63.6%). Analysis of responses revealed good knowledge and attitude in 265 (53.0%) and 266 (53.2%) respondents, respectively. Overall, less than half of the parents/caregivers (48.4%) expressed intention to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Factors associated with willingness to vaccinate children against COVID-19 included age greater than 40 years, male gender, residing in Southern Nigeria, having good knowledge, knowing an infected person or a vaccinated person, feeling they or their child is at risk of contracting COVID-19 infection, willingness to vaccinate self against COVID-19 and good attitude. Significant predictors of willingness to vaccinate their child include age greater than 40 years [AOR: 2.56; 95% CI = (1.14–5.76)], willingness to vaccinate self [AOR: 1016.81; 95% CI = (128.51–8045.60)] and good attitude [AOR: 6.21; 95% CI = (2.83–13.64)].ConclusionThis study revealed that parental willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 is low and identified factors influencing it. It is important to develop and implement health education programs iterating the risk of children getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants to ensure optimal uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in Nigerian children.
Prospective association between 24-hour movement behaviors and mental health among overweight/obese college students: a compositional data analysis approach
Authors: Wang Shuai , Liang Wei , Song Huiqi , Su Ning , Zhou Lin , Duan Yanping , Rhodes Ryan E. , Liu Huaxuan , Yang Yi-de , Lau Wing Chung Patrick , Baker Julien Steven 
Published: October 2023

Background24-h movement behaviors, including light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), screen-based sedentary behavior (SSB), non-screen-based sedentary behavior (NSB) and sleep are crucial components affecting mental health. This study aimed to examine the associations of movement behaviors with mental health outcomes among overweight/obese college students using a compositional data analysis approach.MethodsUsing a prospective design, 437 Chinese college students (20.1 ± 1.7 years, 51.7% female) completed a two-wave online data collection, where demographics and movement behaviors (LPA, MVPA, SSB, NSB, sleep) were collected at baseline, while depression, anxiety and stress were measured at the 2-month follow-up (Apr-Jul 2022). Compositional data analyses were implemented using R.ResultsDepression, anxiety, and stress were negatively associated with time spent in MVPA and sleep (p &lt; 0.001) and positively associated with time spent in SSB and NSB (p &lt; 0.001). Reallocating 15 min to MVPA from LPA, SSB and NSB predicted improvements in depression (LPA: −0.234 unit; SSB: −0.375 unit; NSB: −0.249 unit), anxiety (LPA: −0.092 unit; SSB: −0.284 unit; NSB: −0.165 unit), and stress (LPA: −0.083 unit; SSB: −0.312 unit; NSB: −0.191 unit). For dose–response relationships of 5–55 min isotemporal substitution, when time was reallocated to MVPA from LPA, NSB, and SSB, the estimated detriments to mental health were larger in magnitude than the estimated benefits of time reallocation from MVPA to LPA, NSB, and SSB.ConclusionThe findings emphasize the importance of participating in MVPA to improve mental health in overweight/obese college students during the post-COVID-19 era. The compositional analysis produced clear targets for the time allocation of these behaviors for future interventions and policymaking.
Acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for patients with AECOPD: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Chunyan , Sun Mingsheng , Xu Guixing , Luo Qin , Huang Liuyang , Tian Hao , Gong Siyao , Li Qian , Yu Xin , Chen Ming , Huang Dan , Liu Yilin , Zhou Zhuo , Huang Fengyuan , Liu Yunyu , Tang Juan , Yang Sha , Zeng Fang , Liang Fanrong 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThe acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is a common respiratory disease among older adults, which imposes a significant burden on individuals and society and poses a major challenge to the global public health system due to its high morbidity and mortality. Acupuncture is effective for AECOPD, but its efficacy has been questioned due to the limited methodological quality. Thus, we aim to investigate the efficacy of acupuncture as adjunctive therapy for AECOPD and determine whether the efficacy of acupuncture differs with the type of acupoint combinations.Methods and analysisThis study proposes a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial that will comprise four groups, including two acupuncture treatment groups, one sham acupuncture group, and one basic treatment group. The acupuncture treatment groups will be distinguished by their focus on different patterns of acupoint combination, namely the Xi-cleft and He-sea acupoint combination and the Eight Confluence points acupoint combination, which may vary in clinical efficacy based on traditional acupuncture theories. The study aims to randomize 556 patients in a 1:1:1:1 ratio across the four groups. Each patient in acupuncture group or sham acupuncture group will receive routine drug therapy and 7 sessions of acupuncture treatment over 1 week. Participants in the basic treatment group will only receive routine drug therapy. The trial will be conducted in seven hospitals located in China. The primary outcomes in this trial will include differences in the Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale (BCSS) before randomization, 7 days after randomization, 5 and 9 weeks after randomization.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Sichuan Regional Ethics Review of Committee on Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval ID: 2022KL-068). The results of this study will be distributed through peer-reviewed journals.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2200064484.
Trotes em instituições militares
Authors: Nicolau Filho Mario Sergio 
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho foi produzido com base em um estudo sobre a realização de trotes em instituições militares diversas. No Paraná o ingresso ocorre na Polícia Militar, através das escolas de formação de praças policiais militares (CFP) e na escola de formação de oficiais policiais militares (CFO) aos quais possuem núcleos de formação espalhados por diversas localidades do Paraná. Nestes locais são especificamente onde os recém ingressos, receberão os ensinamentos da doutrina e hierarquia militar. Porém a fim de evitar exageros e improvisos por parte dos responsáveis pela formação, serão analisados alguns fatos ocorridos em outras instituições militares que poderiam ter sido evitados ou mitigados, os quais ocorreram na realização de trotes violentos ou ritos de inicialização considerados vexatórios ou impróprios e tornaram-se público através de matérias difundidas nas mídias jornalísticas sobre trotes em organizações militares. Bem como ao final serão apresentadas sugestões para que tais ações não sejam adotadas na Polícia Militar do Paraná. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e exploratória, com a devida qualificação dos dados coletados, com objetivo de propiciar maior estreiteza com um problema apresentado através da análise de exemplos e buscando desta forma alternativas para solução do problema, visando assim a melhor especialização dos profissionais de segurança pública da PMPR para sociedade paranaense.
Síndrome de Klinefelter: uma abordagem diagnóstica, evolução clínica e revisão
Authors: Pidde Arthur Gomes , Dos Santos Gabriella Nunes de Magalhães , Santos Kelven Duarte , Cordeiro Ana Clara Reis de Oliveira , De Oliveira Paulo Vitor Lellis Paiva , da Silva Erika Machado Rodrigues , Barreto Gabriela Porto , Rodrigues Marianna Maksoud , Belai Gabriel Mazuchini , Santos Gabriela Rita de Sousa , Tomé Tábata Maia , Martins Darkyelle Ibiapina , Souza Juliana Lima de Oliveira , De Araújo Vitor Brandão , Eserian Ana Luiza Delgado , Vieira Ana Carolina Monge 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Os pacientes portadores da Síndrome de Klippel-Feil possuem uma anomalia congênita rara caracterizada pela clássica tríade: pescoço curto e alado, limitação dos movimentos cervicais e baixa implantação da linha do couro cabeludo. Sendo característico a fusão de duas ou mais vértebras cervicais. Vale salientar que a síndrome está associada a outras doenças e também a malformações cardíacas ou do trato geniturinário. Apresentação do caso: M.F.S., um jovem de 20 anos, residente em Goiânia, Goiás, foi encaminhado para uma consulta médica devido a preocupações manifestadas por seus pais. Eles notaram que Mateus tinha um ritmo de crescimento mais lento em comparação com seus colegas de idade, além de apresentar algumas características físicas atípicas. Mateus sempre teve dificuldades em se integrar socialmente e também enfrentou obstáculos em sua jornada acadêmica. Para compreender melhor essa situação, seus pais buscaram avaliação médica. Discussão: O diagnóstico diferencial é de grande importância clínica como condrodisplasia, Síndrome de Wildervanck, Síndrome de Down, Síndrome de Turner, Síndrome de Noonan e pterygium colli. O tratamento se baseia no diagnóstico e na abordagem das doenças associadas e a existência ou a possibilidade de causa de déficit neurológico podem indicar a necessidade de cirurgia. Conclusão: É imprescindível, portanto, salientar que os pacientes com estenose de canal medular podem sofrer um risco mais aumentado de lesões medulares a traumatismos leves, com quadros mais graves de tetraplegia ou subluxações. Vale ressaltar que é necessário a investigação de outras doenças congênitas e normalmente pacientes diagnosticados podem apresentar sintomas neurológicos que levam as queixas de algia cervical crônica, compressão medular e radicular.
Síndrome de Crouzon: uma abordagem diagnóstica, evolução clínica e revisão
Authors: Dy Lucena Thallita Alves , Quintanilha Heloisa Ganassini , Oliveira Maria Eduarda Hummel , Akasaka Giuliana Mayumi Neves , Ahmed Nara Gomes , Duarte Bruna Stylita , Rocha Isadora Gonçalves , Borba Amanda Cristina Gomes , Ribeiro Paulo Victor Spindola , Guimarães Marcelo Nunes , Daher Heitor Campos Damião , Ferreira Larissa David , Carvalho Ana Beatriz 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A craniossinostose é uma doença congênita decorrente de uma anormalidade por fechamento prematuro de suturas cranianas. Pode se manifestar de maneira isolada ou associada a outras características, configurando síndromes genéticas. A Síndrome de Crouzon consiste em um dos mais comuns exemplos de síndromes genéticas associadas à craniossinostose. Apresentação do Caso: Um menino de 4 anos, residente no estado de Goiás, foi levado pela mãe a um consultório pediátrico por apresentar anormalidades faciais perceptíveis desde o nascimento. A mãe descreveu que o menino tinha um formato atípico do crânio, olhos excessivamente afastados e um nariz largo e chato. Além disso, ela notou que o desenvolvimento da linguagem do filho estava visivelmente atrasado em relação a outras crianças da mesma faixa etária. Discussão: A Síndrome de Crouzon é uma doença genética autossômica dominante, causada por mutações no gene FGFR2 (receptor 2 do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos) que resultam em ativação do receptor e desenvolvimento inadequado das suturas cranianas. Além disso, a síndrome clínica inclui proptose ocular, hipoplasia maxilar, estrabismo e outros distúrbios faciais. O diagnóstico consiste na avaliação clínica, história familiar e exames de imagem, permitindo a identificação das suturas cranianas fechadas precocemente. O tratamento é multidisciplinar e individualizado, conforme diversas variáveis: idade do paciente, gravidade dos sintomas e presença de complicações. A intervenção cirúrgica frequentemente é necessária, tanto a liberação das suturas cranianas quanto correção de proptose ocular e estrabismo. Conclusão: A Síndrome de Crouzon é uma doença responsável por anormalidades craniofaciais congênitas. As avaliações clínico-laboratoriais com genética molecular permitem uma melhor abordagem da síndrome juntamente às equipes multidisciplinares. Os avanços em pesquisa e discussões entre especialistas podem contribuir para melhor compreensão e definição do tratamento dessa síndrome.