bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Landmark-Based Cat Facial Analysis and its Applications
Authors: Martvel George , Lazebnik Teddy , Feighelstein Marcelo , Meller Sebastian , Shimshoni Ilan , Finka Lauren , Luna Stelio , Mills Daniel S. , Volk Holger A. , Zamansky Anna 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Facial landmarks, widely studied in human affective computing, are beginning to gain interest in the animal domain. Specifically, landmark-based geometric morphometric methods have been used to objectively assess facial expressions in cats, focusing on pain recognition and the impact of breed-specific morphology on facial signaling. These methods employed a 48-landmark scheme grounded in cat facial anatomy. Manually annotating these landmarks, however, is a labour intensive process, deeming it impractical for generating sufficiently large amounts of data for machine learning purposes as well as use in applied real time contexts with cats. Our previous work introduced an AI pipeline for automated landmark detection, which showed good performance in standard machine learning metrics. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of fully automated, end-to-end landmark-based systems for practical cat facial analysis tasks remained underexplored. This paper presents a thorough evaluation of such systems for three benchmark tasks related to cat facial analysis: recognition of breed, cephalic type, and pain.
Emergence of Potentially Disinfection Resistant, Naturalized Escherichia coli Populations Across Food- and Water-Associated Engineered Environments
Authors: Yu Daniel , Stothard Paul , Neumann Norman 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The Escherichia coli species is comprised of several ‘ecotypes’ inhabiting a wide range of host and natural environmental niches. Recent studies have suggested that novel naturalized ecotypes have emerged across wastewater treatment plants and meat processing facilities. Phylogenetic and typing analyses clustered 37 previously described naturalized wastewater and meat plant strains into two main sequence types, ST635 and ST399, and several serotypes, representing independent lineages that have each naturalized within their respective engineered niches. Reflecting this, pan-genomic analyses revealed that the naturalized strains possessed an abundance of genes related to biofilm formation, defense, and disinfection-related stress resistance, but lacked genes associated with virulence and colonization, indicating that their naturalization may have come at the cost of fitness in the original host environment. Indeed, ecotype prediction analyses reliably distinguished the naturalized strains from the rest of the E. coli species, suggesting they represent a novel, disinfection-resistant ecotype that has recently emerged across food- and water-associated engineered environments.
The Impact of Hidradenitis Suppurativa on Health Care Decision Making and Vaccines
Authors: Afzal Najiba , Archila Marjorie , Barbieri John S. , Charrow Alexandra , Mostaghimi Arash , Chada Lourdes Perez , Noe Megan H. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease that causes significant burden for patients in multiple aspects of their life. However, the details regarding the impact on factors aside from skin are limited.
Objective: We explored patient perspectives around the impact of HS on personal health and how that affects a patient’s health care decision making.
Methods: Individual, semi-structured, virtual interviews were conducted with adults that have HS by a trained medical student. The interviews were performed over a private, video conference platform. English speaking individuals between the ages of 18-45 with a diagnosis of HS for at least 1 year were invited to participate in the study. The transcripts were coded by the medical student and a research assistant and discrepancies were resolved by group consensus. This study followed the reporting guidelines of the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.
Results: 23 participants were interviewed in which 21 participants (91%) were female and 2 participants (9%) were male. The mean age was 31.2 years. Patients expressed an increased awareness of their personal health because of their HS, including considering HS with respect to what they ate, the medications they took, the physicians they sought, and their family planning decision. Some participants stated that HS made them more likely to receive vaccines while others described the two are unrelated.
Conclusions: Patients with HS considered their skin disease when making medical decisions broadly. Many specifically considered their disease when making decisions regarding health maintenance and immunizations though some did not consider the two related.
Competition for flexible distribution resources in a ’smart’ electricity distribution network
Authors: Tangerås Thomas P. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In a 'smart' electricity distribution network, flexible distribution resources (FDRs) can be aggregated to improve efficiency in the power market. But aggregation enables whoever controls resources to exercise market power. This paper establishes a ranking of market structures: Independent aggregators competing for FDRs are more efficient than an integrated distribution system operator (DSO)/aggregator, which is more efficient than an integrated generator/aggregator, which is more efficient than no FDR market. A no-market solution is more efficient than an FDR market with independent aggregators and an integrated DSO/aggregator. The paper also characterizes a regulation that implements the efficient outcome.
JEL codes: H41; L12; L51; L94
Non-invasive arterial input function estimation using an MRI atlas and machine learning
Authors: Vashistha Rajat , Moradi Hamed , Hammond Amanda , O’Brien Kieran , Rominger Axel , Sari Hasan , Shi Kuangyu , Vegh Viktor , Reutens David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanners can generate images of parameters that reflect the kinetics of the administered radiotracer. Kinetic parameter estimation requires an arterial input function (AIF) conventionally obtained from arterial blood samples. The AIF can also be non-invasively estimated from blood pools in PET images, often identified using co-registered MRI images. Deploying methods without blood sampling or the use of MRI generally requires total body PET systems with a long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) that includes a large cardiovascular blood pool. However, the number of such systems in clinical use is currently much smaller than that of short axial field-of-view (SAFOV) scanners.
Methods
We propose a data-driven approach for AIF estimation for SAFOV PET scanners, which is non-invasive and does not require MRI or blood sampling. Dynamic 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) total body PET data were acquired over 62 min in 10 subjects. A probabilistic vascular MRI atlas was registered to each subject’s PET image to identify cerebral arteries in the brain, from which the AIF was estimated. To correct for partial volume effects, a variational inference machine learning approach was implemented. The estimated AIF using brain PET images (AIF-Brain) was compared to that obtained using data from the descending aorta of the heart (AIF-DA). Kinetic rate constants (K1, k2, k3) and net tracer influx (Ki) for both cases were computed and compared.
Results
Qualitatively, the shape of AIF-Brain matched that of AIF-DA, capturing information on both the peak and tail of the AIF. The area under the curve (AUC) of AIF-Brain and AIF-DA were similar, with an average relative error of 9%. The mean Pearson correlations between kinetic parameters (K1, k2, k3) estimated with AIF-DA and AIF-Brain for each voxel were between 0.92 and 0.99 in all subjects, and for Ki, it was above 0.97.
Conclusion
This study introduces a new approach for AIF estimation in dynamic PET using brain PET images, a probabilistic vascular atlas, and machine learning techniques. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of non-invasive and subject-specific AIF estimation for SAFOV scanners.
Systematically mapping and analysing multi-level policy developments: a methodological toolkit
Authors: Kessel Robin van , Czabanowska Katarzyna , Roman-Urrestarazu Andres 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Policy analysis is a multi-disciplinary approach to public and social policy that aims to explain the interaction between institutions, ideas, and interests in the policymaking process. It is useful prospectively to plan for future policymaking and retrospectively to understand past policy failures or identify good practices. However, current methods of systematically mapping policy in health are lacking in the qualitative research field. In this article, we outline a novel methodological toolkit that allows for a systematic approach to reviewing policy developments cross-sectionally and longitudinally through a qualitative modular approach: (1) develop a comprehensive search strategy for policy databases; (2) review and extract relevant policies and legislation directly from original sources; (3) develop a multi-layered search strategy for scientific databases; (4) merge policy and academic publications according to the eligibility criteria; (5) acquire further information through searching reference lists of included policies and articles; and (6) merge the three searches into one single data repository for further analysis. Our methodological toolkit gives a point-by-point description of how to design, perform, and report a systematic and reproduceable policy mapping article, as well as how that policy data can be analysed further to lead to prospective policy action points.
Assessment of ecological flow alterations induced by hydraulic engineering projects in the Han River, China
Authors: Deng Lele , Guo Shenglian , Tian Jing , Wang Heyu 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

A thorough understanding of the ecological impacts behind the hydrologic alteration is still insufficient and hinders the watershed management. Here, we used eco-flow indicators, multiple hydrological indicators, and fluvial biodiversity to investigate the ecological flow in different temporal scales. The case study in the Han River shows a decrease in high flows contributed to the decrease in eco-surplus and increase in eco-deficit in summer and autumn, while the decrease in eco-deficit can be attributed to the change of low flow in spring. An integrated hydrologic alteration was over 48% degree and was under moderate ecological risk degree in impact period I, while DHRAM scores showed the Huangzhuang station faced a high ecological risk degree in impact period II. The decrease (increase) in total seasonal eco-surplus (eco-deficit) was identified after alteration with the change in seasonal eco-flow indicators contributions. Shannon index showed a decreasing trend, indicating the degradation of fluvial biodiversity in the Han River basin. Eco-flow indicators such as eco-surplus and eco-deficit are in strong relationships with 32 hydrological indicators and can be accepted for ecohydrological alterations at multiple temporal scales. This study deepens the understanding of ecological responses to hydrologic alteration, which may provide references for water resources management and ecological security maintenance.
Sizing efficient underdrains for treatment wetlands
Authors: Morvannou Ania , Dufresne Matthieu , Gromaire Marie-Christine , Troesch Stéphane , Forquet Nicolas 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Treatment wetlands are recognized as an effective technology for mitigating the impacts of urban runoff. However, there is no consensus on the design guidelines, and the effects of some design features, such as the underdrain system, remain unexplored. A simple analog model has been developed to mimic the underdrain network (when operating at saturation) and to evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of the flow entering it. The model has been applied to a treatment wetland in the Paris area and shows that the underdrain network was largely undersized, likely causing an uneven distribution of infiltrating flow along the length of the treatment wetland. It was also shown that this analog model can be used for optimization purposes and that it is important to use conservative values of the rugosity coefficient when designing an underdrain network.
Harmony in Diversity: The Dynamics of Interfaith Families
Authors: Taufiqurrachman Mochamad , Fauzi Agus Machfud 
Published: December 2023

In Indonesia, a nation characterized by its diverse religious landscape, the phenomenon of interfaith families provides a distinctive lens to comprehend religious coexistence. This investigation delves into how religious beliefs are shaped within interfaith families, scrutinizing the ways in which these households manage the intricacies of varying religious views. Utilizing qualitative research methodologies, the study zeroes in on four Indonesian families, each hailing from different religious backgrounds. The research method includes thorough interviews and observational techniques, aiming to unravel the nuances of religious observance, communication, and the resolution of conflicts within these families. The results highlight the critical roles of mutual respect, transparent communication, and a collective dedication to familial harmony in preserving a balanced atmosphere. Notwithstanding their religious disparities, these families demonstrate significant levels of tolerance and comprehension, allowing individual members to freely engage in their respective religious practices. This study accentuates the significance of embracing diversity and nurturing tolerance as fundamental factors for the harmonious coexistence of varied religions within a domestic framework.
AbstrakDi Indonesia, negara yang ditandai oleh pluralitas agama, fenomena keluarga beda agama menawarkan konteks unik untuk memahami koeksistensi agama. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi konstruksi kepercayaan agama dalam keluarga beda agama, mengkaji bagaimana keluarga-keluarga ini menavigasi kompleksitas perbedaan keyakinan agama. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, studi ini berfokus pada empat keluarga Indonesia dengan latar belakang agama yang beragam. Melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi, penelitian ini menyelidiki dinamika praktik agama, komunikasi, dan resolusi konflik dalam keluarga tersebut. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa saling menghormati, komunikasi terbuka, dan komitmen bersama terhadap kesatuan keluarga sangat penting dalam menjaga harmoni. Meskipun ada perbedaan agama, keluarga menunjukkan tingkat toleransi dan pemahaman yang tinggi, dengan anggota keluarga bebas mempraktikkan keyakinan masing-masing. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya merangkul keragaman dan menumbuhkan toleransi sebagai elemen kunci dalam koeksistensi damai agama yang berbeda dalam satu keluarga.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam dalam Budaya Rimpu di Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Hairunnisa Hairunnisa , Ishomuddin Ishomuddin , Kamaludin Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Rimpu represents one of the local cultures that has undergone acculturation with Islamic teachings and has become an identity for Muslim women in the Bima area. This study aims to identify the Islamic educational values contained within the Rimpu. The research method used is qualitative, with data obtained through interviews and documentation and data analysis performed using data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings show that Rimpu embodies values of morality, worship, and aesthetics. Rimpu reflects a personality that preserves, maintains courtesy, and upholds modesty between men and women in terms of morality. In terms of worship, the use of Rimpu signifies compliance in covering one’s aurat, reflecting devotion and worship to Allah SWT. Aesthetically, the colors and motifs on tembe nggoli, the main material of Rimpu, hold deep meanings and philosophies in line with Islamic teachings. This study concludes that Rimpu is not just clothing but also a medium that integrates religious, social, and aesthetic aspects, reflecting the identity and values within the Bima community society.
AbstrakRimpu mewakili salah satu budaya lokal yang telah mengalami akulturasi dengan ajaran Islam dan menjadi identitas bagi Muslimah di daerah Bima. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam yang terkandung di dalam Rimpu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi serta analisis data menggunakan kondensasi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rimpu menggambarkan nilai-nilai akhlak, ibadah, dan estetika. Dalam aspek akhlak, Rimpu mencerminkan kepribadian yang terjaga, sopan santun, dan menjaga pandangan antara perempuan dan laki-laki. Secara ibadah, penggunaan Rimpu menandakan kepatuhan dalam menutup aurat, merefleksikan bentuk penghambaan dan ibadah kepada Allah SWT. Dari segi estetika, warna dan motif pada tembe nggoli, bahan utama Rimpu, memiliki makna dan filosofi mendalam sesuai dengan ajaran Islam. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Rimpu tidak hanya sebagai pakaian, tetapi juga sarana yang mengintegrasikan aspek keagamaan, sosial, dan estetika yang merefleksikan identitas serta nilai-nilai dalam komunitas masyarakat Bima.
Size adjustment suture technique for lymphaticovenular anastomosis
Authors: Onoda Satoshi , Tsukura Kahori , Satake Toshihiko 
Published: December 2023

In this report, we describe a super microsurgical technique that enables rapid and accurate anastomosis while adjusting for caliber differences when anastomosing a small-caliber lymphatic vessel and a vein with a larger caliber, which is frequently encountered in surgeries such as lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA).
The suture size adjustment technique was performed in 30 anastomoses of lymphatic vessels and veins, whose diameter of lymph duct was at least two times smaller than that of the vein. The type of lymphedema, caliber of lymphatic vessels and veins anastomosed, caliber ratio, vein wall thickness, modified caliber ratio after vein wall thickness subtracted, presence of additional anastomosis, and anastomosis time were examined. On average, the lymphatic vessels had a diameter of 0.61 mm, while the veins were 1.43 mm in diameter. The mean caliber ratio of vein to lymphatic vessel was 2.3, while the modified caliber ratio of vein-to-lymphatic vessel was 1.5 on average. The average venous wall thickness was 0.51. The average anastomosis time was 9.1 min and no additional anastomosis due to leakage was necessary in any case.
We successfully performed an anastomosis of lymphatic vessels and veins with different calibers, which can maintain long-term patency while adjusting the caliber difference and suppressing leakage at the anastomosis site. Finally, the caliber of the vein is commonly larger than that of the lymphatic vessel to be anastomosed in many cases of LVA surgery, indicating that the proposed anastomosis method could be of therapeutic use in many cases.
Considering the Pre-Examination Study Period as a Stressful Situation, that Determines the Students’ Personality Behaviour in the Process of Education
Authors: Makarova E. A. , Mishchenko V. I. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article presents the results of the study on school students of 9th and 11th grade and university first-year students in their pre-examination study period. Modern school and university students' well-being and behaviour negatively influenced by the exam situation itself and the pre-exam study period before them. Therefore, it justifies the need for an investigation into this matter. Adolescents and young people often cannot deal with the negative consequences of what they feel about their life situations. This provides harmful impact on psychosomatic state of the person, and leads to destructive (suicide) and deviant (victimization) forms of behaviour in the worst-case scenario.Purpose. In our work, we will study students' (school and university) behaviour in the pre-examination period, assessed by them as a stressful satiation.Materials and Methods. The study involved 260 school students and 193 university students from educational establishments in the Rostov region. For the investigation, we used the following methods: the «Exposure to Examination Stress» questionnaire by Yu. B. Gurevich, «Personality Stress Resistance Self-Test» by N. V. Kirsheva and N. V. Ryabchikova, the «Propensity to Victim Behaviour» questionnaire by O. O. Andronnikova, and the «Preparation for Exams» questionnaire by V. I. Mishchenko.Results. We found that the pre-examination study period perceived by students as the situation, that determines their behaviour. In the stress situation both school and university students' behaviour is characterized by identical markers: demonstration of undiversified emotional, cognitive, and behavioural patterns, same levels of stress and anxiety. However, such behaviour factors differ and appear to depend on expected consequences of experienced situations, also on existing predictors, that influence the change in students' behaviour.Discussion. Awareness of exactly what changes in the behaviour of adolescents and young people are caused by stressful situations in the educational process, as well as identifying specific behavioural characteristics of the person acting in stressful situations will allow one to develop effective programs of psychological support for students during the pre-examination study period.
The Perception Features of Various Educational Material Forms: Efficiency Question
Authors: Druzhba O. V. , Khan R. S. , Tikhinya P. A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In modern world, the dynamic development of information technologies leads to corresponding changes in educational process, that is, to a great extent, founded on implemented technologies. The new forms of information presentation are declared by designers as the most effective for teaching. Therefore, the question of their real value for education and their impact on the students' perception of educational content arises. The study of virtual reality, which is in principal a new form, impact on students' perception of educational material appears to be of importance. Specifically, we mean it in comparison with traditional forms, which are video and text.Purpose. In our article, we will assess students' perception features of learning material presented in various formats, thus its efficiency for educational process.Materials and Methods. We used the questionnaire method. The study participants were students of Don State Technical University. They were asked to assess materials presented in various forms: video, text, and VR.Results. The conducted research showed that the students highly assessed VR and video forms of information presentation. They think the stated forms are the easiest for perception, they are engaging and allow students to memorize material in the best way possible. While giving them the highest priority for further education, respondents also noted the difficulties with full immersion in the material.Discussion. The implementation of new forms of information presentation and VR specifically can help induce full immersion in the material. However, it requires familiarization for students with the content provided, which is organized in video and text form.