bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between nutrient intake and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Wang Xin , Zheng Youning , Wang Chan , Wang Jiangya , Zhang Kun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective
bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in preterm infants, and nutrition is an important factor in the prevention and treatment of BPD. To investigate the association between early nutritional intake after birth and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm infants with gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks.
Methods
A retrospective case-control study was conducted. The subjects were preterm infants with gestational age ≤ 32 weeks admitted to the Neonatal intensive Care Unit of Hebei General Hospital from December 1, 2018 to December 1, 2022. A total of 195 infants who met the criteria were enrolled and divided into BPD group and non-BPD group according to their clinical manifestations.
Results
A total of 195 preterm infants were enrolled in this study, including 85 cases in BPD group and 110 cases in non-BPD group. (1)Compared with the non-BPD group, the gestational age, birth weight, and delivery of BPD group were significantly higher Birth length, head circumference, and cesarean section rate were lower in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). The BPD group had a higher total fluid volume than the non-BPD group on the fourth day after birth(P < 0.05); Compared with the non-BPD group, the BPD group had significantly lower total caloric intake on days 4, 7, and 14, intestinal fluid volume on days 4, 7, and 14, intestinal caloric intake on days 4, 7, and 14, protein on days 4, 7, and 14, fat emulsion on days 4, 7, and 14, and carbohydrate on days 14(P < 0.05). The initiation time of breastfeeding in BPD group was later than that in non-BPD group(P < 0.05).(2)Binary logistic regression analysis showed that total fluid volume on day 4 and duration of non-invasive mechanical ventilation were independent risk factors for BPD in very preterm infants; Intestinal energy and protein on day 7 are protective factors for BPD in very preterm infants.
Conclusion
The occurrence of BPD in very preterm infants is the result of multiple factors. It is helpful to reduce the incidence of BPD by limiting the total fluid intake on the fourth day, increasing the intake of enteral fluid and enteral calorie, starting breastfeeding as early as possible, and increasing the intake of protein, fat emulsion and calorie on the fourth, seventh and fourteenth days.
Hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, antiglycation, anti-hypercholesteremic, and toxicity evaluation with gas chromatography mass spectrometry profiling for Aloe armatissima leaves
Authors: Serafi Abdulhalim , Ahmed Muhammad , Shahid Imran , Azmat Aisha , Badar Ammar , Bafail Mohammed , Alamari Shalan , Ahmad Rizwan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Aloe species are known for the treatment of various conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypercholesteremia, and glycation end products. Nevertheless, the biological activity of Aloe armatissima is yet to be reported. It’s a first-time report to evaluate the Aloe armatissima leaves (AAL) extract for its antioxidant, anti-glycation, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-hyperlipidemic potential.
Methodology: in vitro tests of DPPH for the antioxidant and HSA for the antiglycation activity whereas, in vivo models were used to assess the toxicity, antihyperglycemic, and ani-hypercholesteremic effects. The volatile profile was determined via GC-MS.
Results: the IC50 values of 116±0.66 (mg/mL) for antioxidant activity and 0.21±0.009 (mg/mL) for antiglycation activity were observed for the AAL extract. The acute toxicity in animal model revealed a lack of toxicity for the extract. The in vivo models exhibited a dose dependent hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects with significant (P<0.01) BGLs reduction. Moreover, a profound decrease in serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL along with a significant (P<0.05) increase in HDL and serum insulin levels were recorded. The statistical analysis demonstrated the values of F(24,125)=23.95, P=0.001, effect size=1.95 (normoglycemic mice), F(24,125)=143.21, P=0.001, effect size=4.79 (glucose loaded mice), and F(24,125)=82.69, P=0.001, effect size=3.6 (diabetic model). GCMS showed the presence of eleven compounds with Tetratetracontane (100%), β-Sitosterol (27.76), and vitamin-E (18.68) in major amounts.
Conclusion: the results underscore the extract’s capacity to effectively combat various ailments however, the active phytochemicals need to be isolated and the pharmacological activities may be established at molecular level.
A study on large-scale disease causality discovery from biomedical literature*
Authors: yu Shirui , Dong Peng , Li Junlian , Tang Xiaoli , Li Xiaoying 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background With the increasing amount of scientific and technical literature available, it has posed difficulties for deeper knowledge discovery. Biomedical semantic relationship extraction can reveal important biomedical entities and the semantic relationships between them, which is an important basis for biomedical knowledge discovery, clinical decision making and other applications. Identifying the causative relationships of diseases is a significant research field, which can help speed up the discovery of underlying mechanisms of diseases and promote better prevention and treatment of diseases.
Methods This study aims to optimize the automatic extraction of disease causality of SemRep tool by constructing a semantic predicate vocabulary that specifically conveys disease causality, allowing for the discovery of disease causality within the biomedical literature. We extracted semantic feature words based on existing research and the parsing and recognition results of literature using SemRep. We then filtered and evaluated textual semantic predicates according to the semantic feature words and constructed a semantic predicate vocabulary expressing disease causality.
Results By improving the automatic extraction of disease causality pairs, the proposed method would facilitate better disease causality mining from biomedical literature. We constructed a semantic predicate vocabulary expressing disease causality using 50 predicates with an accuracy of at least 40%.
Conclusions The approach of using optimized semantic predicates to discover disease causality from large-scale biomedical literature is feasible. It can provide insights for the extraction of other types of semantic relationships and for machine learning methods as well, thus contributing to the discovery and exploitation of disease causality knowledge and supporting clinical diagnosis and disease prevention and control.
New Custom Rating for Improving Recommendation System Performance
Authors: Fahrudin Tora , Wijaya Dedy Rahman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, the recommendation system still attracts many researchers. Various new businesses focusing on online marketing (E-Commerce) have emerged since the covid-19 pandemic. This phenomenon allows recommending items based on Collaborative Filtering Recommender System (CF) to enhance the shopping experience for users. An accurate CF depends on how similarity algorithms can find similar profile users correctly. The traditional similarity measures are based on the user-item rating matrix. In this paper, we employ four custom rating combine with new rating formula from the popularity of users, items, and its original rating which called called New Custom Rating (Ncr). Instead of focusing on original rating only, our Ncr tried to maximize the recommender system's performance by employing users' popularity and items to derive new ratings value. Using those formulas will make the new value rating more representative and the calculation of the similarity algorithm more precisely. Finally, the increased accuracy of the recommendation systems will be achieved. We conduct Ncr in four custom rating algorithms and four algorithms of the reccomender system in five public data sets. The experimental results demonstrate that Ncr can increase the recommendation system's accuracy by decreasing RMSE, MSE, and MAE and increasing FCP and Hit Rate. Ncr may improved accuracy of the reccomender system in various recommender systems algorithms by employing the popularity of users and items in rating.
Analysis of carbon dioxide/methane mixing process in rock cores for natural gas storage sites with carbon dioxide cushion
Authors: Dąbrowski Karol M. , Smulski Rafał , Takerhi Matthew E. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The setup utilizing an X-ray scanner and Raman spectrometer is used for the characterization of CO2/CH4 mixing process in rock core samples. The setup allows us to determine mixing in the core and the mixing at the core-entry/exit. The mixing coefficinet for both CO2 displacing CH4 and CH4 displacing CO2 is measured. It is showed that mixing is higher at the core entry than core exit. Mixing for CO2 as a displacing fluid is higher than for CH4 as displacing fluid. A Berea sandstone rock core was used for measurement optimization. Dispersion coefficients for samples from a location perspective for an Underground Gas Storage in an aquifer with CO2 cushion in Poland were determined.
Calculating within-pair difference scores in the co-twin control design. Effects of alternative strategies
Authors: Madrid-Valero Juan J. , Verhulst Brad. , López-López José A. , Ordoñana Juan R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Co-twin studies are an elegant and powerful design that allows controlling for the effect of confounding variables, including genetic and a range of environmental factors. There are several approaches to carry out this design. One of the methods commonly used, when contrasting continuous variables, is to calculate difference scores between members of a twin pair on two hypothetically associated variables, in order to analyse the covariation of such differences. However, information regarding whether and how the different ways of estimating within-pair difference scores may impact the results is scant. This study aimed to compare the results obtained by different methods of data transformation when performing a co-twin study and test how the magnitude of the association changes using each of those approaches. Data was simulated using a direction of causation model as a reference and by fixing the effect size of causal path to low, medium, and high values. Within-pair difference scores were calculated as relative scores for diverse within-pair ordering conditions or absolute scores. Pearson’s correlations using relative difference scores vary across the established scenarios (how twins were ordered within pairs) and these discrepancies become larger as the within-twin correlation increases. Absolute difference scores tended to produce the lowest correlation in every condition. Our results show that both using absolute difference scores or ordering twins within pairs, may produce an artificial decrease in the magnitude of the studied association, obscuring the ability to detect patterns compatible with causation, which could lead to discrepancies across studies and erroneous conclusions.
Leonurine exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced endometritis by modulating the mouse JAK-STAT/PI3K-Akt/PPAR signalling pathway based on transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Shao Yongbin , Sun Yaoqiang , Jiang Jingbo , Li Zhiyuan , Wang Mengmeng , Luo Yan , Gu Xinli 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Endometritis is a common disease in postpartum cows characterized by delayed uterine recovery due to inflammation of the endometrium. Although antibiotics and hormones are commonly used for treatment, they have their limitations. One potential alternative is the use of motherwort extract, specifically leonurine, which has been found to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, the exact molecular mechanism of action remains unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, this study aimed to investigate the effects of leonurine on LPS-induced endometritis in mice using an experimental mouse model. Through transcriptomic analysis, it was discovered that leonurine modulates multiple signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT/PI3K-Akt, and influences the expression of key genes such as PRLR, SOCS2, COL1A1, and AKT1. Furthermore, leonurine effectively reduces the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), which play a crucial role in the regulation of acute endometritis. Additionally, leonurine helps maintain cholesterol homeostasis and attenuates inflammation through the PPAR signaling pathway by modulating genes like CYP27A1, HMGCS1, and SCD2. These findings suggest that leonurine has a protective effect against LPS-induced endometritis and its anti-inflammatory properties involve multiple pathways and targets, potentially mediated by the regulation of signaling pathways such as JAK-STAT/PI3K-Akt/PPAR.
Impact of Nicotine Exposure and withdrawal on Plasma glucose, insulin and glycated haemoglobin in high-fat diet fed wistar rats
Authors: Obia Onyebuchi , Nda-ue Ledu , Ojeka Sunday Ogbu , Ogba Azubuike , Nwokocha Frank Nwabueze 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background to the study: Nicotine, which is the most abundant constituent of tobacco cigarette is one of the most commonly abused drugs. The duo of obesity and tobacco smoking increases the risk of cardiometabolic disorders.
Methodology: The experiment involved 48 male wistar rats separated into 4 groups of 8 rats each. All the animals were placed on high-fat diet (Margarine; blue band) in addition to the different doses of nicotine in the experimental groups. Group 1 served as control and received distilled water, Groups 2, 3 and 4 received 200µg/kg, 400µg/kg and 800µg/kg of nicotine oral solution respectively. The experimental groups were placed on their respective doses of nicotine solution for an initial four weeks. Thereafter, four animals in each group were sacrificed and blood samples collected to determine their nicotine exposure plasma levels of glucose, insulin and glycated hemoglobin. The remaining four animals in each group continued without nicotine for another four weeks after which they were sacrificed and blood samples collected to determine their nicotine withdrawal plasma levels of glucose, insulin and glycated hemoglobin.
Results: The results showed that exposure to the three concentrations of nicotine (200, 400 and 800µg/kg respectively) significantly caused a rise in plasma insulin levels but dose-dependent reduction in both glucose and glycated haemoglobin compared to their control groups. Four weeks after withdrawal of initial 200µg/kg nicotine there were no significant changes in the levels of plasma glucose, insulin and glycated haemoglobin compared to the nicotine exposed groups. Withdrawal, after initial exposure to 400µg/kg of nicotine was associated with significant rise in both the plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin but no significant change in insulin compared to their respective nicotine exposed groups. Cessation, after initial exposure 800µg/kg of nicotine resulted in significant rise in plasma levels of glucose, glycated haemoglobin and insulin compared to their nicotine exposed groups.
Conclusion: The possible reduction in food consumption and increased physical activity together with the increased levels of insulin in the plasma could contribute to the lowered plasma glucose shown in this study. The reduction in the levels of glycated haemoglobin following exposure to nicotine may be potentially beneficial in diabetic management. Therefore, reversal of plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels could be achieved four weeks after cessation of 800µg/kg of nicotine. This result could suggest a possible association of nicotine cessation with decreased insulin sensitivity.
DFT-based ab initio study of the electronic, optical and thermodynamics properties of Al based fluoro-perovskite AlMF3 (M= Ca and cd)
Authors: Zaman Shams u , Riaz Junaid , Ghani Ihtesham , Bibi Amina , Arif Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method with the generalized gradient approximation and Hubbard-U term were used to investigate the structural, elastic, electronic, and optical properties of Al-based fluoro perovskite compounds AlMF3 (M = Ca and Cd). With a careful investigation of the contribution from various bands utilizing total and partial density of state curves, electronic band structure analysis identified AlCaF3 and AlCdF3 as direct band gap materials. Calculations of optical spectra spanning 0 to 40 eV were done, including real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function, optical reflectivity, absorption coefficient, optical conductivity, refractive index, and extinction coefficients. Because of their unique optical properties, the materials have potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
A novel and efficient method for synthesizing magnetic PS-PMMA@Fe3O4 microspheres for protein separation and detection
Authors: Ying Dong , hao-nan Ye , Zheng-guo He , Wei Li , Minglong Yuan , Gan-peng Li 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Immunoassay is the most widely used detection technique in clinical testing.Compared with the traditional enzyme-linked immunoassay, the chemiluminescence immunoassay system based on carboxylated magnetic beads as the separation tool is more advantageous, which can rapidly separate proteins and achieve the purpose of quantitative detection of proteins.Separation tools in chemiluminescence immunoassay techniques are key and the focus of research.However, the domestic technology of preparing carboxylated magnetic beads is still immature, and the market is monopolized by imported products, which is not conducive to the development of domestic chemiluminescence immunoassay technology.Based on this, we propose a simple and convenient new method for the preparation of magnetic microbeads.Firstly, styrene-methyl methacrylate microspheres were polymerized by dispersion polymerization and hydrolyzed to form carboxylated microspheres, then carboxylated microspheres were introduced in the process of classical co-precipitation reaction to synthesize magnetic microbeads, and magnetic microbeads with different magnetic contents were prepared and characterized.The separation effect was then tested by a fully automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, and it was found that carboxylated magnetic beads with a magnetic content of 20% were the most effective in separating proteins, and the coefficient of variation was as low as 3.41%, with a stable and reproducible performance.The chemiluminescence immunoassay technique can separate proteins in a short period of time with a very small amount of carboxylated magnetic microbeads, which is fast and efficient and will help in the early diagnosis of diseases in healthcare facilities and may be a better point-of-care assay.
Pumping Test for Dammam Confined Aquifer and Geochemical Specification Within Najaf Governorate Iraq
Authors: Al-Owaidi Mohanad R.A. , Al-Enezy Arshad W.A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Dammam Aquifer is one of the most significant aquifers in the Western Desert of Iraq. It provides groundwater for life and agriculture in the region. The study focused on the Dammam Aquifer in the Najaf Governorate. Far from being held accountable, the indiscriminate and haphazard drilling of hundreds of illegal wells by local citizens has depleted the aquifer. Seven wells drilled by government institutions were chosen to reassess the hydrological properties of the aquifer by using pumping test operations. To be fully aware of Dammam Aquifer attributes in the study area, first, the data were obtained from the measuring of the groundwater levels (pumping test) and then secondly were interpreted by using the AQTESOLV program version 4.50, which have been recorded in the following several tables Compared with the previous studies, the data of transmissivity, hydraulic conductivity, and specific capacity, confirm a drawdown in the Dammam confined aquifer. The geochemical analyses for 2008, 2016, and 2021 point to a decline in the properties of Dammam groundwater, since they represent an increase in the total dissolved salt of water. Due to the indiscriminate drawing off the groundwater besides the global climate changes, the starting point of water depletion in the Dammam aquifer refers to the dropping down of the groundwater levels.
The Collective Narrative of Trauma and Healing Among Internally Displaced Individuals in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Participatory Action Research Inquiry
Authors: Zeleke Waganesh , Wondie Yemataw , Mekonen Mekdes , Hailu Tewodros , Holmes Courtney , Moges Mengistu , Nenoko Goshu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Ethiopia is currently ranked among the top five countries with the highest number of internally displaced individuals, and several centers in the country provide temporary accommodation for those who have been forcibly displaced from their homes. Research shows that internally displaced people are subjected to a multitude of stressors, such as mass and community trauma, poverty, and disintegration of social support networks, which can result in mental distress, impaired interpersonal relationships, diminished coping abilities, and poor psychosocial well-being.
Methods: Drawing on the conceptualization of a culturally responsive constructive processing approach for addressing trauma, this study explored individual and community narratives of trauma and healing as shaped by lived experiences. Data were collected from 42 stakeholders using Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) and interpretative phenomenological research design.
Results: The thematic analysis illuminates the stories of internally displaced people in Ethiopia and their collective experiences of trauma and healing. Several themes emerged, including a collective definition of trauma, the nature of the ongoing collective trauma experienced by internally displaced people, collective connection to the culture and legacies of healing and resilience.
Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used to adapt to or develop a culturally responsive trauma-informed program to address the mental health and healing of individuals with internal displacement.
Salidroside Represses Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Heightening Expression Levels of PTEN and ARID1A
Authors: Pei Mengyuan , Li Dianyu , Gong Zhuandi , Wei Suocheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives:
This study aimed to explore the salidroside influences on apoptosis and proliferation of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells, also to investigate if the salidroside effects SKOV3 cells via target genes of ARID1A and PTEN.
Methods
Ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells cultured in McCoy 5A media were treated with the different concentrations of salidroside (4, 8, 16, 30 and 40 μg/mL), which included SAL-1, SAL-2, SAL-3, SAL-4 and SAL-5 groups, respectively. Flow cytometry was utilized to determine the cell cycle and apoptosis rates of SKOV3 cells. Expression levels of ARID1A and PTEN mRNAs and proteins were detected．
Results
In comparison with control group (CG), numbers of SKOV3 cells lessened at 48h and 72h. Inhibition rates of SKOV3 cells proliferation were increased along with the increase of salidroside doses with the largest inhibition rate in SAL-5 (P<0.05). At 24h, 48h and 72h, the apoptosis rates of SKOV3 cells in SAL-5 were significantly higher than those of CG and SAL-1 group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Expression levels of ARID1A and PTEN mRNAs and proteins were ascended as doses of salidroside increased at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively.
Conclusions
Salidroside could dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation viability of SKOV3 cells, impact the cell division process. Ahigher dose of salidroside promoted the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, enhanced the expression levels of PTEN and ARID1A mRNAs and proteins.