bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposed tree-based explainable artificial intelligence approach for the prediction of angina pectoris
Authors: Guldogan Emek , Yagin Fatma Hilal , Pinar Abdulvahap , Colak Cemil , Kadry Seifedine , Kim Jungeun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious public health issue that affects and is responsible for numerous fatalities and impairments. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is one of the most prevalent and deadliest types of CVDs and is responsible for 45% of all CVD-related fatalities. IHD occurs when the blood supply to the heart is reduced due to narrowed or blocked arteries, which causes angina pectoris (AP) chest pain. AP is a common symptom of IHD and can indicate a higher risk of heart attack or sudden cardiac death. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat AP promptly and effectively. To forecast AP in women, we constructed a novel artificial intelligence (AI) method employing the tree-based algorithm known as an Explainable Boosting Machine (EBM). EBM is a machine learning (ML) technique that combines the interpretability of linear models with the flexibility and accuracy of gradient boosting. We applied EBM to a dataset of 200 female patients, 100 with AP and 100 without AP, and extracted the most relevant features for AP prediction. We then evaluated the performance of EBM against other AI methods, such as Logistic Regression (LR), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM). We found that EBM was the most accurate and well-balanced technique for forecasting AP, with accuracy (0.925) and Youden's index (0.960). We also looked at the global and local explanations provided by EBM to better understand how each feature affected the prediction and how each patient was classified. Our research showed that EBM is a useful AI method for predicting AP in women and identifying the risk factors related to it. This can help clinicians to provide personalized and evidence-based care for female patients with AP.
Ferroptosis is involved in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in rats
Authors: Shi Yue , Shi Xiujie , Zhao Mingming , Zhang Yifan , Zhang Qi , Liu Jing , Duan Hangyu , Yang Bin , Zhang Yu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTo explore whether ferroptosis is involved in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and its mechanism. The FSGS rat model was constructed by single nephrectomy combined with fractional tail vein injection of doxorubicin. 24-hour urine protein, serum biochemistry, HE, PAS and Masson pathological staining were measured to assess renal injury. Glomerular and morphological changes of ferroptosis were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Iron content in renal tissue was assessed by Prussian blue staining and iron detection. GSH/GSSG kit was used to detect the content and proportion of reduced/oxidized glutathione. Lipid peroxidation related proteins including MDA expression was assessed by colorimetry. The iron metabolism biomarkers such as hepcidin, ferroportin and TFR, ferroptosis biomarkers such as GPX4, ACSL4, and ferritinophagy biomarkers such as LC3II/LC3I, NCOA4, and FTH1 were detected by Western blot. Significant urinary protein, hyperlipidemia, azotemia, increased serum creatinine and hypoproteinemia were observed in FSGS rats. Histology and electron microscopy showed segmental sclerosis of glomeruli, compensatory enlargement of some glomeruli, occlusion of capillary lumen, balloon adhesion, increased mesangial matrix, atrophy of some tubules, and renal interstitial fibrosis in renal tissue of FSGS rats. The morphology of glomerular foot processes disappeared; the foot processes were extensively fused and some foot processes detached. Mitochondria became smaller, membrane density increased, and mitochondrial cristae decreased or disappeared. In addition, iron deposition was observed in renal tissue of FSGS rats. Compared with the control group, the levels of GSH, GSH/GSSG, GPX4, and ferroportin were reduced and the expression of GSSG, MDA, ACSL4, hepcidin, and TFR was increased in the renal tissue of FSGS rats; meanwhile, the expression of LC3II/LC3I and NCOA4 was increased and the expression of FTH1 was decreased. Ferroptosis is involved in the pathological progression of FSGS, which is probably associated with activation of ferritinophagy. This represents a potential therapeutic target for FSGS.
A non-invasive mouse model that recapitulates disuse-induced muscle atrophy in immobilized patients
Authors: Wu Kun-Chang , Lin Hsiang-Wen , Chu Po-Chen , Li Chia-Ing , Kao Hsiang-Han , Lin Chih-Hsueh , Cheng Yu-Jung 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDisuse muscle atrophy occurs consequent to prolonged limb immobility or bed rest, which represents an unmet medical need. As existing animal models of limb immobilization often cause skin erosion, edema, and other untoward effects, we here report an alternative method via thermoplastic immobilization of hindlimbs in mice. While significant decreases in the weight and fiber size were noted after 7 days of immobilization, no apparent skin erosion or edema was found. To shed light onto the molecular mechanism underlying this muscle wasting, we performed the next-generation sequencing analysis of gastrocnemius muscles from immobilized versus non-mobilized legs. Among a total of 55,487 genes analyzed, 787 genes were differentially expressed (> fourfold; 454 and 333 genes up- and down-regulated, respectively), which included genes associated with muscle tissue development, muscle system process, protein digestion and absorption, and inflammation-related signaling. From a clinical perspective, this model may help understand the molecular/cellular mechanism that drives muscle disuse and identify therapeutic strategies for this debilitating disease.
Analysis of long non-coding RNAs associated with disulfidptosis for prognostic signature and immunotherapy response in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Li Bohan , Li Xiaoling , Ma Mudan , Wang Qing , Shi Jie , Wu Chao 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDisulfidptosis, the demise of cells caused by the abnormal breakdown of disulfide bonds and actin in the cytoprotein backbone, has attracted attention in studies concerning disulfide-related cell death and its potential implications in cancer treatment. This study utilized bioinformatics to detect disulfidptosis associated lncRNA prognostic markers (DALPMs) with Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC)-related to investigate the correlation between these indicators and the tumor immune microenvironment. The RNA sequencing data and somatic mutation information of patients with UCEC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Patients were randomly divided into Train and Test groups. The findings revealed a potential prognostic model comprising 14 DALPMs. Both univariate and multivariate Cox analyses demonstrated that the model-derived risk score functioned as a standalone prognostic indicator for patients. Significant disparities in survival outcomes were observed between the high- and low-risk groups as defined by the model. Differences in tumor mutational burden (TMB), tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), and tumor microenvironment (TME) stromal cells between patients of the high- and low-risk groups were also observed. The forecast model comprising long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with disulfidptosis can effectively anticipate patients' prognoses.
Neuronal Gtf2i deletion alters mitochondrial and autophagic properties
Authors: Nir Sade Ariel , Levy Gilad , Schokoroy Trangle Sari , Elad Sfadia Galit , Bar Ela , Ophir Omer , Fischer Inbar , Rokach May , Atzmon Andrea , Parnas Hadar , Rosenberg Tali , Marco Asaf , Elroy Stein Orna , Barak Boaz 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGtf2i encodes the general transcription factor II-I (TFII-I), with peak expression during pre-natal and early post-natal brain development stages. Because these stages are critical for proper brain development, we studied at the single-cell level the consequences of Gtf2i’s deletion from excitatory neurons, specifically on mitochondria. Here we show that Gtf2i’s deletion resulted in abnormal morphology, disrupted mRNA related to mitochondrial fission and fusion, and altered autophagy/mitophagy protein expression. These changes align with elevated reactive oxygen species levels, illuminating Gtf2i’s importance in neurons mitochondrial function. Similar mitochondrial issues were demonstrated by Gtf2i heterozygous model, mirroring the human condition in Williams syndrome (WS), and by hemizygous neuronal Gtf2i deletion model, indicating Gtf2i’s dosage-sensitive role in mitochondrial regulation. Clinically relevant, we observed altered transcript levels related to mitochondria, hypoxia, and autophagy in frontal cortex tissue from WS individuals. Our study reveals mitochondrial and autophagy-related deficits shedding light on WS and other Gtf2i-related disorders.
Akaluc/AkaLumine bioluminescence system enables highly sensitive, non-invasive and temporal monitoring of gene expression in Drosophila
Authors: Ito Akira , Matsuda Nagisa , Ukita Yumiko , Okumura Misako , Chihara Takahiro 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBioluminescence generated by luciferase and luciferin has been extensively used in biological research. However, detecting signals from deep tissues in vivo poses a challenge to traditional methods. To overcome this, the Akaluc and AkaLumine bioluminescent systems were developed, resulting in improved signal detection. We evaluate the potential of Akaluc/AkaLumine in Drosophila melanogaster to establish a highly sensitive, non-invasive, and temporal detection method for gene expression. Our results show that oral administration of AkaLumine to flies expressing Akaluc provided a higher luminescence signal than Luc/D-luciferin, with no observed harmful effects on flies. The Akaluc/AkaLumine system allows for monitoring of dynamic temporal changes in gene expression. Additionally, using the Akaluc fusion gene allows for mRNA splicing monitoring. Our findings indicate that the Akaluc/AkaLumine system is a powerful bioluminescence tool for analyzing gene expression in deep tissues and small numbers of cells in Drosophila.
Enzyme-controlled, nutritive hydrogel for mesenchymal stromal cell survival and paracrine functions
Authors: Denoeud Cyprien , Luo Guotian , Paquet Joseph , Boisselier Julie , Wosinski Pauline , Moya Adrien , Diallo Ahmad , Larochette Nathanael , Marinesco Stéphane , Meiller Anne , Becquart Pierre , Moussi Hilel , Vilquin Jean-Thomas , Logeart-Avramoglou Delphine , Gand Adeline , Larreta-Garde Véronique , Pauthe Emmanuel , Potier Esther , Petite Hervé 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCulture-adapted human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are appealing candidates for regenerative medicine applications. However, these cells implanted in lesions as single cells or tissue constructs encounter an ischemic microenvironment responsible for their massive death post-transplantation, a major roadblock to successful clinical therapies. We hereby propose a paradigm shift for enhancing hMSC survival by designing, developing, and testing an enzyme-controlled, nutritive hydrogel with an inbuilt glucose delivery system for the first time. This hydrogel, composed of fibrin, starch (a polymer of glucose), and amyloglucosidase (AMG, an enzyme that hydrolyze glucose from starch), provides physiological glucose levels to fuel hMSCs via glycolysis. hMSCs loaded in these hydrogels and exposed to near anoxia (0.1% pO2) in vitro exhibited improved cell viability and angioinductive functions for up to 14 days. Most importantly, these nutritive hydrogels promoted hMSC viability and paracrine functions when implanted ectopically. Our findings suggest that local glucose delivery via the proposed nutritive hydrogel can be an efficient approach to improve hMSC-based therapeutic efficacy.
Trimer quantum spin liquid in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms
Authors: Kornjača Milan , Samajdar Rhine , Macrì Tommaso , Gemelke Nathan , Wang Sheng-Tao , Liu Fangli 
Published: December 2023

AbstractQuantum spin liquids are elusive but paradigmatic examples of strongly correlated quantum states that are characterized by long-range quantum entanglement. Recently, signatures of a gapped topological$${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$Z2spin liquid have been observed in a system of Rydberg atoms; however, the full capability of these platforms to realize quantum spin liquids extends far beyond this state alone. Here, we propose the realization of a different class of spin liquids in a honeycomb array of Rydberg atoms. Exploring the system’s quantum phase diagram using density-matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization calculations, we identify several density-wave-ordered phases and a trimer spin liquid ground state with an emergent U(1) × U(1) local symmetry. This liquid state originates from superpositions of classical trimer configurations on the dual triangular lattice in the regime where third-nearest-neighbor atoms lie within the Rydberg blockade radius. Finally, we discuss the conditions to enhance the preparation fidelity of this state by a general Rydberg-blockade-based projection mechanism, test the robustness of the trimer spin liquid phase in a range of realistic parameters, and outline methods for its experimental detection.
Community-based screening enhances hepatitis B virus linkage to care among West African migrants in Spain
Authors: Picchio Camila A. , Nomah Daniel K. , Rando-Segura Ariadna , Buti Maria , Lens Sabela , Forns Xavier , Tajes Sergio Rodriguez , Fernández Emma , Pamplona Portero Javier , Nuñez Carmen López , van Selm Lena , MacKinnon Marina , Araujo Silvia G. , Martró Elisa , Rodríguez-Frías Francisco , Lazarus Jeffrey V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic infection with HBV is responsible for >50% of all hepatocellular cancer cases globally and disproportionately affects sub-Saharan African (sSA) countries. Migration from these countries to Europe has increased substantially in recent years, posing unique challenges to health systems. The aim of this study was to carry out a community-based intervention to increase HBV screening, vaccination, and linkage to care among sSA migrants in Catalonia, Spain.

Methods
This was a prospective cohort study. Participants ≥18 years were offered community-based HBV screening between 20/11/20 and 21/01/22. Rapid HBV testing and blood sample collection utilizing plasma separation cards were carried out and linkage to care was offered to all participants. HBV vaccination and post-test counseling were performed at a second visit in the community. The main outcome was the odds of those with current HBV infection being successfully linked to hepatology. Rates of completing the care cascade of this model were analyzed.

Results
In the present study, 444 people undergo screening, with 50.6% of participants showing evidence of past or current HBV infection, including an HBsAg prevalence of 9.2%. Migrants with current HBV infection exhibit 5.2 times higher odds of successful linkage to care compared to those in need of post-test counseling or vaccination. The study achieves a successful linkage to care rate of 72% for all participants, with specialist appointments arranged within 15.5 days.

Conclusions
This community-based HBV screening program provides evidence of a successful model for identifying and providing care, including vaccination, to west African migrants at high risk of HBV infection who may otherwise not engage in care.
Digital backpropagation based on binary logarithmic step size distribution for fibre non‐linearity compensation
Authors: Dede Albert , Akowuah Emmanuel Kofi , Haxha Shyqyri 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCapacity crunch has become critical in recent years as commercial communication systems approach their theoretical data rate limits. This work presents a low‐complexity digital backpropagation (DBP) implementation approach based on step size distribution that uses a binary logarithmic step size method to achieve high data rate optical transmission. The proposed scheme shows performance improvements (∆Q) of 2.36, 1.19, and 0.71 dB over linear compensation, constant step size (CSS) DBP, and logarithmic step size DBP techniques in a 2400 km 112 Gbit/s DP‐16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) system, respectively. At 13 dBm, a high performance (Q) of 10.9 dB (BER = 2.25 × 10−4) is achieved, above the 3.80 × 10−3 hard‐decision forward error correction (HD‐FEC) limit, using the proposed scheme. Also, the allowable transmission distance is extended by 960 km at the HD‐FEC limit over the linear compensation technique. The optimization achieves a 38% saving in the number of DBP calculation steps compared to the CSS DBP, which considerably reduces the computational cost since a few steps are required for effective non‐linearity compensation.
Characterizing the ELG luminosity functions in the nearby Universe
Authors: Favole G. , Gonzalez-Perez V. , Ascasibar Y. , Corcho-Caballero P. , Montero-Dorta A. D. , Benson A. J. , Comparat J. , Cora S. A. , Croton D. , Guo H. , Izquierdo-Villalba D. , Knebe A. , Orsi Á. , Stoppacher D. , Vega-Martínez C. A. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Nebular emission lines are powerful diagnostics for the physical processes at play in galaxy formation and evolution. Moreover, emission-line galaxies (ELGs) are one of the main targets of current and forthcoming spectroscopic cosmological surveys.
Aims. We investigate the contributions to the line luminosity functions (LFs) of different galaxy populations in the local Universe, providing a benchmark for future surveys of earlier cosmic epochs.
Methods. The large statistics of the observations from the SDSS DR7 main galaxy sample and the MPA-JHU spectral catalog enabled us to precisely measure the Hα, Hβ, [O II], [O III], and, for the first time, the [N II], and [S II] emission-line LFs over ∼2.4 Gyrs in the low-z Universe, 0.02 < z < 0.22. We present a generalized 1/Vmax LF estimator capable of simultaneously correcting for spectroscopic, r-band magnitude, and emission-line incompleteness. We studied the contribution to the LF of different types of ELGs classified using two methods: (i) the value of the specific star formation rate (sSFR), and (ii) the line ratios on the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich (BPT) and the WHAN (i.e., Hα equivalent width, EWHα, versus the [N II]/Hα line ratio) diagrams.
Results. The ELGs in our sample are mostly star forming, with 84 percent having sSFR > 10−11 yr−1. When classifying ELGs using the BPT+WHAN diagrams, we find that 63.3 percent are star forming, only 0.03 are passively evolving, and 1.3 have nuclear activity (Seyfert). The rest are low-ionization narrow emission-line regions (LINERs) and composite ELGs. We found that a Saunders function is the most appropriate to describe all of the emission-line LFs, both observed and dust-extinction-corrected (i.e., intrinsic). They are dominated by star-forming regions, except for the bright end of the [O III] and [N II] LFs (i.e., L[N II] > 1042 erg s−1, L[O III] > 1043 erg s−1), where the contribution of Seyfert galaxies is not negligible. In addition to the star-forming population, composite galaxies, and LINERs are the ones that contribute the most to the ELG numbers at L < 1041 erg s−1. We do not observe significant evolution with redshift of our ELGs at 0.02 < z < 0.22. All of our results, including data points and analytical fits, are publicly available.
Conclusions. Local ELGs are dominated by star-forming galaxies, except for the brightest [N II] and [O III] emitters, which have a large contribution of Seyfert galaxies. The local line luminosity functions are best described by Saunders functions. We expect these two conclusions to hold up at higher redshifts for the ELG targeted by current cosmological surveys, such as DESI and Euclid.
Multi-antenna probing of absorbing regions inside and outside Cassiopeia A
Authors: Stanislavsky Lev A. , Bubnov Ihor N. , Stanislavsky Aleksander A. , Zarka Philippe , Loh Alan , Viou Cédric , Konovalenko Aleksander A. , Brazhenko Anatolii I. , Frantsuzenko Anatolii V. 
Published: December 2023

Context. Cassiopeia A occupies an important place among supernova remnants (SNRs) in low-frequency radio astronomy. Located in our Galaxy, this powerful radio source emits synchrotron radiation that propagates through the SNR environment and the ionized interstellar medium. The analysis of its continuum spectrum from low frequency observations reveals the evolution of the SNR absorption properties over time and suggests a method for probing unshocked ejecta and the SNR interaction with the circumstellar medium (CSM).
Aims. In this paper, we present low-frequency measurements of the integrated spectrum of Cassiopeia A to find the typical values of free-free absorption parameters towards this SNR in the middle of 2023. We also add new results to track its slowly evolving and decreasing integrated flux density.
Methods. We used the New Extension in Nançay Upgrading LOFAR (NenuFAR) and the Ukrainian Radio Interferometer of NASU (URAN–2, Poltava) for measuring the continuum spectrum of Cassiopeia A within the frequency range of 8–66 MHz. The radio flux density of Cassiopeia A relative to the calibration source, the radio galaxy Cygnus A, has been obtained on June–July, 2023 with two sub-arrays for each radio telescope, used as a two-element correlation interferometer.
Results. We measured the values of parameters such as the emission measure, electron temperature and average number of ion charges, for both the internal and external absorbing ionized gas towards Cassiopeia A from its integrated spectrum. Generally, their values are comparable to those presented in the literature, but their slight differences demonstrate the evolution of free-free absorption parameters in this SNR. Based on high accuracy of the measurements, we have detected the SNR–CSM interaction. This led to the fact that the maximum of this continuous spectrum, decreasing in intensity, changed in frequency from past higher values to lower ones over time. Probably, such changes occur periodically in which the spectral peak can move in the direction of both higher frequencies and lower ones. This effect is mainly caused by the evolution of emission measure outside Cassiopeia A.
Conclusions. The integrated flux-density spectrum of Cassiopeia A obtained with the NenuFAR and URAN–2 interferometric observations opens up new possibilities for continuous monitoring the ionized gas properties in and around Cassiopeia A to observe the evolution of unshocked ejecta and the SNR-CSM interaction in future studies.