bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early recovery of urinary continence after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy is associated with membranous urethra and neurovascular bundle preservation
Authors: Ando Satoshi , Sugihara Toru , Hinotsu Shiro , Kishino Hiroto , Hirata Daichi , Watanabe Risako , Yanase Atsushi , Yokoyama Hirotaka , Hoshina Hayato , Endo Kaori , Kamei Jun , Takaoka Eiichiro , Fujimura Tetsuya 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesWe investigated the correlation between surgical outcomes and postoperative urinary continence recovery in robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).MethodsPatients who underwent RARP in our institution (n = 195) were included in this study. Preserved urethral length (PUL) was assessed during the procedure. Other outcomes of the surgical procedure were collected from operative records. Kaplan–Meier analysis with log‐rank test was used to compare urinary continence recovery rate with the PUL, sparing of the neurovascular bundle (NVB), and other surgical procedures. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards model, and p‐values of <0.05 were considered significant.ResultsPatients with a PUL ≥26 mm had 10.0%, 24.7%, 36.6%, and 89.0% continence recovery rates at 30, 60, 90, and 365 days after surgery, respectively, while patients with a PUL <26 mm had 0%, 17.8%, 26.1%, and 80.9% recovery rates, respectively. Kaplan–Meier curves showed significantly better postoperative urinary continence recovery at 30 days after RARP in patients with a PUL ≥26 mm than those with a PUL <26 mm (p = 0.0028) and in patients with NVB preservation than those with no NVB preservation (p = 0.014). Urinary continence recovery within 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery was 90.6% for patients with a PUL of ≥26 mm and NVB preservation, while only 82.3% for patients with a PUL of <26 mm or no NVB preservation.ConclusionOur results suggest that a PUL ≥26 mm and NVB preservation after RARP correlate with a significantly higher postoperative rate of recovery of urinary continence.
The deployment of advanced practice nurses in the French health system: From clinics to professional networks
Authors: De Rosis Carolina , Duconget Lisa , Jovic Ljiljana , Bourmaud Aurélie , Dumas Agnès 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to contribute to an understanding of the role deployment of advanced practice nurses (APNs) in French healthcare settings.IntroductionThe introduction of APNs was formalised in France by the decrees issued on 18 July 2018, which described the areas, activities and training of APNs.BackgroundA qualitative study on the role implementation of APNs was conducted between July 2021 and May 2022 following a call for projects launched by the Île‐de‐France Regional Health Agency to evaluate the deployment of APNs in the area.MethodsData were collected through field observations and semi‐structured interviews in order to explore both the APNs deployment processes in nine healthcare structures and the roles played by APN networks and associations with regard to the deployment of APN activities in their working environments.ResultsThe projects proved to be evolutionary, and their development was marked by various forms of APN isolation and multiple obstacles that were specific to their professional practice settings. Some APNs relied on a variety of forms of mutual assistance and advocacy deployed throughout APN networks and associations.DiscussionThe deployment of APNs' role was impacted by diverse configurations of professional power relations and the nature of the obstacles that were structural for APNs in primary care. Their experience of isolation derived from the novelty of their role, the challenge they posed to the cohesion of the nursing profession and a lack of supportive policies for their deployment. Their participation in APN networks and associations enabled them to access advocacy and manage the uncertainties and unknowns related to the deployment of their activities.ConclusionThe results suggest that the formalisation of schemes for mutual assistance among APNs and advocacy should be integrated into the guidelines for the implementation of their role.Implications for nursing policyAPN policy should strengthen a bottom‐up approach, relying in particular on the development of different forms of collaboration and communication between APN networks and associations on the one hand and the public authorities on the other.
Diagnostic accuracy of tele‐dentistry in screening children for dental caries by community health workers in a lower‐middle‐income country
Authors: Ashtiani Gelareh Haghi , Sabbagh Sedigheh , Moradi Sara , Azimi Somayyeh , Ravaghi Vahid 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundTele‐dentistry can be useful for dental caries screening of children, especially in lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs).AimTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of mobile phone photographs taken by a community health worker (CHW) for caries detection in Iran.DesignChildren aged 6–12 years were visually examined by a paediatric dentist. Following dental examinations, intraoral photographs were taken by a trained CHW. Two remote dentists assessed intraoral photographs for dental caries. Diagnostic accuracy of tele‐dentistry for caries detection was evaluated. In addition, the questionnaire about oral health and parents' views towards tele‐dentistry was prepared.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐one children aged 8.74 ± 1.62 years participated. The caries prevalence was 30% for the whole dentition. Tele‐dentistry demonstrated high accuracy, with a sensitivity exceeding 80% and specificity exceeding 90%. The inter‐rater reliability for remote dentists' assessments to the gold standard dental examination ranged from substantial to almost perfect (kappa: 75%–93%). Additionally, 80% of parents whose children participated in this study had positive views towards tele‐dentistry.ConclusionTele‐dentistry was shown to be an alternative approach to clinical examinations for caries detection among school children. Employing non‐dental care professionals in tele‐dentistry has been emerged as a reliable and cost‐effective approach, especially in LMICs.
Longevity in South African Afrikaner cows as assessed through survival analysis
Authors: Bot Steffl Allison M. , MacNeil Michael D. , Scholtz Michiel M. , Sanglard Leticia P. , Passafaro Tiago , Gonda Michael G. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe Afrikaner breed of cattle is indigenous to South Africa and, due to their hardiness, was once the most popular breed amongst South African farmers, although in recent years their numbers have decreased. The goal of this study was to assess factors affecting length of productive life, defined as the interval between production of the first and last calf, in Afrikaner cattle using survival analysis. The data spanned 40 years with an observed measure of length of life for 29,379 cows from 374 herds. Relative to similar analyses, few (n = 2964; 8.4%) cows had records that were right censored. The median length of productive life of an Afrikaner cow was just less than 6 years. Cows that were younger at their first parturition had longer productive lives than those that were older at their first calving. Cows that were born in the period from December to February had shorter productive lives than those born between March and November. The estimated animal genetic variance of 0.266 resulted in a heritability estimate for length of productive life in Afrikaner cattle of 0.225. Thus, there appeared to be sufficient additive genetic variance in Afrikaner cattle to enable genetic improvement in their length of productive life.
Grazing preferences of three species of amoebae on cyanobacteria and green algae
Authors: Weger Harold G. , Polasek April K. , Wright Derek M. , Damodaran Arun , Stavrinides John 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwenty species/isolates of cyanobacteria and green algae were isolated from cyanobacterial bloom samples in lakes associated with the upper Qu'Appelle River drainage system in southern Saskatchewan, Canada. Three amoebae species (Cochliopodium sp., Vannella sp. and Vermamoeba vermiformis) were also isolated from one of these samples, and were subjected to grazing assays to determine which species of cyanobacteria or algae could potentially serve as a food source. Amoeba grazing rates were quantified based on the diameter of the plaque after 12 days on agar plate assays, and by estimation of the amoeba population growth rate from the rate of increase of plaque area. The common cyanobacterial bloom‐formers Dolichospermum sp. and Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae supported high growth rates for all three amoebae, while green algae, with the exception of one green alga/amoeba combination, did not support growth of the tested amoebae. Many of the cyanobacterial and algal isolates that did not support amoebae growth were ingested, suggesting that ingestion did not determine grazing success. Overall, while the cyanobacteria Dolichospermum sp. and Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae were suitable food sources for the amoebae, the other cyanobacteria were grazed in an unpredictable manner, with some species/strains grazed by some amoebae and some species not grazed at all.
Arrestin‐3 binds parkin and enhances parkin‐dependent mitophagy
Authors: Zheng Chen , Nguyen Kevin K. , Vishnivetskiy Sergey A. , Gurevich Vsevolod V. , Gurevich Eugenia V. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArrestins were discovered for their role in homologous desensitization of G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs). Later non‐visual arrestins were shown to regulate several signaling pathways. Some of these pathways require arrestin binding to GPCRs, the regulation of others is receptor independent. Here, we demonstrate that arrestin‐3 binds the E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin via multiple sites, preferentially interacting with its RING0 domain. Identification of the parkin domains involved suggests that arrestin‐3 likely relieves parkin autoinhibition and/or stabilizes the enzymatically active “open” conformation of parkin. Arrestin‐3 binding enhances ubiquitination by parkin of the mitochondrial protein mitofusin‐1 and facilitates parkin‐mediated mitophagy in HeLa cells. Furthermore, arrestin‐3 and its mutant with enhanced parkin binding rescue mitofusin‐1 ubiquitination and mitophagy in the presence of the Parkinson's disease‐associated R275W parkin mutant, which is defective in both functions. Thus, modulation of parkin activity via arrestin‐3 might be a novel strategy of anti‐parkinsonian therapy.
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Long‐hair follicular unit excision enhances the cosmetic results of hairline restoration: A retrospective study in Chinese recipients
Authors: Jin Meitong , Zhang Jufang , Jin Zhehu , Pi Longquan , Diao Yongfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLong‐hair follicular unit excision (LHF) is gaining popularity, especially for hairline restoration, because it helps avoid hair removal in the donor area and provides better immediate postoperative results.AimsThis study aimed to assess the postoperative clinical outcomes of LHF for hairline restoration.Patients/MethodsData from 248 patients (223 women and 25 men) who underwent hairline restoration with LHF between September 2018 and June 2022 were analyzed, and they were followed up immediately and 9 months postoperatively. The complications and survival rate of long‐hair grafts were assessed. Patient postoperative satisfaction was assessed using a 5‐Point Likert Scale. The Generic Quality of Life Inventory‐74 (GQOLI‐74) assessed the quality of the postoperative life.ResultsThe planned extraction density was set at 15–25 FU/cm2. The mean number of total extracted hair grafts, transection rate in the extraction area, and extraction time were 1970 ± 124 FU, 3.9 ± 0.2%, and 3.2 ± 0.8 h, respectively. The hairline implantation density was set at 50–70 FU/cm2. The mean number of total transplanted hair grafts was 2031 ± 371 FU; the implant time was 3.8 ± 1.9 h. No serious complications occurred within 7 days postoperatively. The mean graft survival rate was 93.1 ± 1.3% at 9 months postoperatively. All patients were satisfied with the immediate postoperative results, and most were satisfied with the 9‐month outcomes (mean overall satisfaction score: 4.7). The scores of physical function, psychological function, social function and material life function after operation were higher than those before operation (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsHairline restoration with LHF could enhance the cosmetic outcomes and be widely used in clinical practice.
Risk factors for high‐stage histological chorioamnionitis among pregnancies with cervical incompetence
Authors: Song Wenhui , Wang Wei , Wang Fengjiao , He Xueqing , Li Xia , Feng Li , Cui Wenhua , Guo Qing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAimThe study aimed to identify predictive risk factor to identify high‐stage histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) in pregnancies with cervical incompetence (CIC).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted by including 116 pregnant women with cervical incompetence that required prophylactical and therapeutical cerclage. The histopathology examination on placenta was conducted with informed patient consent. All the cases included in this study were divided based on the severity degree of HCA. The demographic characteristic and the parameters related to maternal and fetal outcome were all analyzed. Besides, perioperative parameters of cerclage, including cervical length, cervical morphology, and laboratory indexes were also compared between two groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to determine the risk factor of severe chorioamnionitis.ResultsSevere HCA was significantly associated with cervical morphology, cerclage indication, cerclage type, and cervical length measured via ultrasound and vaginal examination. After adjusted for confounders, V‐type funneling and short cervix was indicated as independent risk factors of severe HCA by multivariate logistic regression analysis, respectively.ConclusionsV‐type funneling and short cervix may indicate the elevated risk of high‐stage HCA. Due to the negative outcomes related with high‐stage HCA, appropriate prenatal treatment would improve the pregnancy outcomes in cerclaged population. To facilitate postpartum treatment, placental histological examination should be routinely recommended to identify the high‐stage HCA, especially in high risk pregnancies.
Cases of pleural effusion possibly due to clinical pleuroperitoneal communication in the perioperative period of emergency gynecologic surgery: Case series and literature review
Authors: Tanaka Yuji , Amano Tsukuru , Nakata Mari , Takahashi Akimasa , Tsuji Shunichiro , Murakami Takashi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPleuroperitoneal communication poses a respiratory failure risk due to pleural fluid accumulation with thoracic migration of ascites. Here, we discuss the following cases: Case 1: A woman was diagnosed with a ruptured ovarian tumor with right pleural fluid and ascites, without respiratory failure. Ovarian cystectomy was performed with inadequate removal of ascites. Postoperatively, respiratory failure occurred, and thoracentesis detected pleural fluid resembling ascites. Case 2: A woman was diagnosed with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy with right pleural fluid and ascites without respiratory failure. A diagnosis of clinical pleuroperitoneal communication was considered based on computed tomography findings. During laparoscopic salpingectomy, high‐pressure ventilation was performed to push the pleural fluid back into the abdominal cavity; a negative‐pressure drain was inserted, and the ascites was completely removed. Postoperative radiography revealed the absence of pleural fluid. Therefore, a preoperative diagnosis of clinical pleuroperitoneal communication and appropriate intraoperative techniques can prevent postoperative respiratory failure.
Deep learning‐accelerated image reconstruction in MRI of the orbit to shorten acquisition time and enhance image quality
Authors: Estler Arne , Zerweck Leonie , Brunnée Merle , Estler Bent , Richter Vivien , Örgel Anja , Bürkle Eva , Becker Hannes , Hurth Helene , Stahl Stéphane , Konrad Eva‐Maria , Kelbsch Carina , Ernemann Ulrike , Hauser Till‐Karsten , Gohla Georg 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeThis study explores the use of deep learning (DL) techniques in MRI of the orbit to enhance imaging. Standard protocols, although detailed, have lengthy acquisition times. We investigate DL‐based methods for T2‐weighted and T1‐weighted, fat‐saturated, contrast‐enhanced turbo spin echo (TSE) sequences, aiming to improve image quality, reduce acquisition time, minimize artifacts, and enhance diagnostic confidence in orbital imaging.MethodsIn a 3‐Tesla MRI study of 50 patients evaluating orbital diseases from March to July 2023, conventional (TSES) and DL TSE sequences (TSEDL) were used. Two neuroradiologists independently assessed the image datasets for image quality, diagnostic confidence, noise levels, artifacts, and image sharpness using a randomized and blinded 4‐point Likert scale.ResultsTSEDL significantly reduced image noise and artifacts, enhanced image sharpness, and decreased scan time, outperforming TSES (p < .05). TSEDL showed superior overall image quality and diagnostic confidence, with relevant findings effectively detected in both DL‐based and conventional images. In 94% of cases, readers preferred accelerated imaging.ConclusionThe study proved that using DL for MRI image reconstruction in orbital scans significantly cut acquisition time by 69%. This approach also enhanced image quality, reduced image noise, sharpened images, and boosted diagnostic confidence.
Strategic interaction in the market for charitable donations: The role of public funding
Authors: Hagen Rune Jansen , Rattsø Jørn 
Published: January 2024

AbstractGovernment financing of charities influences their fundraising and private donations. To analyze competition between charities, we modify the model of fundraising introduced by Andreoni and Payne, where there are two groups of donors and two charities. We concentrate on warm‐glow motivation for giving and highlight strategic interaction in the market for donations. The charities are output‐maximizing, producing services with a purchased input and in‐house managerial supervision. In the absence of public funding, fundraising by charities are strategic complement given fixed costs. We show that block grants can change the nature of the competition, making fundraising strategic substitutes if grants exceed fixed costs. A charity receiving a grant will optimally reduce its fundraising, but the level of service provision will also be affected by the fact that the competing charity will solicit more intensively. The competitor will deliver more services because it benefits from the reduction in solicitation by the grant recipient. In this setting, matching grants work much like block grants as charities in both cases will compete less intensively for donations. That is, incentives for fundraising are weaker with matching grants. However, if both instruments are used the impact of a matching grant depends on whether the block grant over‐ or undercompensates for fixed costs. An optimal funding policy must account for this interaction effect as well as the fungibility of support working through charity competition in the market for donations.
Effects of biotin and coated cobalamin on lactation performance, nutrient digestion and rumen fermentation in Holstein dairy cows
Authors: Wang Cong , An Jing , Bu LiJun , Liu YaPeng , Liu Qiang , Guo Gang , Zhang Jing , Zhang YaWei 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBiotin (BI) and cobalamin (CA) are essential for rumen propionate production and hepatic gluconeogenesis. The study evaluated the influence of BI or/and coated CA (CCA) on milk performance and nutrient digestion in cows. Sixty Holstein dairy cows were assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and randomised block design to four groups. The factors were BI at 0 or 20 mg/day and CCA at 0 or 9 mg CA/day. Dry matter intake increased with BI addition but was unchanged with CCA supply. Addition of BI or CCA increased fat‐corrected milk, milk fat and milk protein yields and feed efficiency. Moreover, lactose yield was increased by CCA addition. Dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and acid detergent fibre total‐tract digestibility increased for BI or CCA supply. When CCA was supplemented, positive response of neutral detergent fibre digestibility to BI addition was enhanced. Supplementing BI did not affect pH, propionate content and acetate to propionate ratio, but increased total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and acetate contents. Supplementing CCA decreased pH and acetate to propionate ratio, but increased total VFA, acetate and propionate contents. Rumen protease and carboxymethyl‐cellulase activities and fungi, bacteria and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens numbers increased for BI or CCA supply. In addition, protozoa increased for BI addition, and protease activity and Prevotella ruminicola increased for CCA supply. When CCA was supplemented, positive responses of R. albus and Ruminobacter amylophilus numbers to BI addition were enhanced. Blood glucose concentration was unchanged with BI supply, but increased for CCA supply. Blood nonesterified fatty acids and β‐hydroxybutyrate contents reduced with BI or CCA supply. Supplementation with BI or CCA increased blood BI or CA content. The results showed that supplementing BI or/and CCA improved lactation performance and nutrient digestion, and CCA supply did not enhance the lactation performance response to BI supply.
Factors influencing sleep‐dependent consolidation: Sleep strengths memory based on encoding depth but not repetition
Authors: Wernette Elle M. D. , Fenn Kimberly M. 
Published: January 2024

SummarySleep consolidates declarative memory after deep but not shallow incidental encoding, but little is known about this form of consolidation. One unexplored area is the extent to which the amount of exposure to incidentally encoded information affects consolidation processes. In two experiments, we manipulated the number of times information was presented. In Experiment 1, participants encoded words either one or three times in a deep or shallow incidental encoding task and completed a surprise recognition test after sleep or wake. Sleep consolidated information after deep encoding after one and three exposures, but not after shallow encoding. In Experiment 2, we explored the relationship between sleep architecture and memory after deep encoding. There was a trend for accuracy to be negatively related to N1 sleep, and reaction time to be negatively related to slow‐wave sleep for words encoded once; however, the correlations did not survive corrections for multiple comparisons. These results are discussed with respect to active and passive consolidation processes.
Where do philosophers appeal to intuitions (if they do)?
Authors: Galvin Richard , Roche William 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt might be that intuitions are central to philosophy, and it might be that this is true because when philosophers give case‐based arguments for philosophical claims (in published philosophy), the case verdict is typically (a) an intuited proposition and (b) either left undefended or defended on the grounds that it is an intuited proposition. This paper remains neutral on these global issues, however, and instead focuses on whether there is a nontrivial (or many‐membered) class of case‐based arguments in philosophy in which the case verdict is defended by appeal to background beliefs and not on the grounds that it is an intuited proposition. The paper argues that the answer is affirmative by examining seven such arguments that are referred to as “paradigm cases” of case‐based arguments in which the verdict is justified via an appeal to intuition.