bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verification of uncertainty estimates of autonomous field measurements of marine reflectance using simultaneous observations
Authors: Mélin Frédéric , Cazzaniga Ilaria , Sciuto Pietro 
Published: January 2024

The primary ocean color product is the spectrum of remote sensing reflectance RRS that allows the quantification of in-water optically significant constituents and all ocean color applications. The determination of its uncertainties is thus key to the creation of comprehensive uncertainty budgets for all derived ocean color products. The assessment of satellite RRS uncertainties has largely relied on corresponding field measurements but this process is solid only if these field measurements are in turn fully characterized. Uncertainty budgets have therefore been defined and reported for the radiometric measurements collected in the framework of the Ocean Color component of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET-OC). The contemporaneous deployment of two autonomous systems for 5.5 years on the Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower (AAOT) located in the northern Adriatic Sea led to the collection of 4,449 pairs of coincident observations (collected with a time difference lower than 10 min) distributed over 659 days of data acquisitions that can be used to verify reported uncertainty values. The comparison of matched pairs showed a good agreement for RRS (with differences of typically 2%–3% between 412 and 560 nm), as well as for the aerosol optical thickness τa (3%–6%). Differences between data from the two systems appear generally consistent with their stated uncertainties, indicating that they are metrologically compatible and that uncertainties reported for AERONET-OC data are usually trustworthy (with possible exceptions depending on the level of error correlation between measurements from the two systems). Using uncertainty cone diagrams, this result holds across the range of uncertainty values with few exceptions. Independent uncertainty estimates associated with non-systematic error contributions were obtained using a collocation framework allowing for error correlation between measurements from the two systems. The resulting uncertainties appeared comparable with the reported values for τa and RRS. The related mathematical development also showed that the centered root-mean-square difference between data collected by two systems is a conservative estimate of the uncertainty associated with these data (excluding systematic contributions) if these data show a good agreement (expressed by a slope of method II regression close to 1) and if their uncertainties can be assumed similar with errors moderately correlated (typically lower than 0.5).
A mini-review of signal processing techniques for RIS-assisted near field THz communication
Authors: Sharma Vaishali , Garg Navneet , Sharma Sanjeev , Bhatia Vimal 
Published: January 2024

Reflecting Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are reshaping the landscape of wireless communications, particularly in the terahertz (THz) frequency bands, offering promising solutions to inherent challenges in the bands. THz communication boasts bandwidths exceeding 100 GHz, leading to data rates potentially in the terabits per second (Tbps) range, thereby making it an attractive proposition for wireless communications, imaging, and sensing. However, benefits come with challenges, including significant molecular absorption, scattering, diffraction, and hardware limitations. Moreover, as bandwidth in the THz range increases, so does the difficulty of signal processing at Nyquist rate. RIS emerges as a game-changer for 6G and beyond by providing programmable reflecting elements that can adaptively modify the phases and amplitudes of incident signals, enabling precision in directing THz waves and enhancing received signal strength. Such capabilities can significantly mitigate path loss and atmospheric absorption challenges. Furthermore, inherent pencil beamforming capabilities of RIS lead to optimized energy utilization. Major challenge in THz communications is the pressing needs for efficient algorithms for robust THz transceivers and optimizing RIS elements. This review describes the integration of RIS and near-field THz communications, highlighting their future potential and challenges for the next-generation wireless networks. In this article, a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and nuances of near-field propagation in 6G networks, especially as the technology shifts towards extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAA). Additionally, it will introduce the transformative potential of sub-Nyquist rate signal processing and artificial intelligence (AI) offering innovative solutions to address the inherent challenges of 6G communication, especially in channel estimation and beamforming strategies.
The social return on investment of physical activity and nutrition interventions—a scoping review
Authors: Stielke Anna , Ashton Kathryn , Cotter-Roberts Andrew , Dyakova Mariana 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionScarcity of resources and mounting pressures on health systems make it critical to evaluate new and existing public health interventions related to physical activity and nutrition. The Social Return on Investment (SROI) framework has gained prominence for capturing traditional variables such as economic costs and returns, as well as wider beneficial social and environmental outcomes. A scoping review was conducted to present the existing evidence on the SROI of physical activity and nutrition interventions, demonstrating the wider benefits of these interventions.MethodologyExisting peer-reviewed evidence and grey literature was collated to identify physical activity and nutrition interventions that were evaluated using the SROI framework between January 1996 up until February 2022. Only literature published in the English language, interventions that were conducted in high-income countries were considered for inclusion. Study information and economic data was entered into a pre-prepared data extraction sheet and eligible studies were quality assessed using a 12-point quality assessment framework for SROI studies.ResultsThis review identified a total of 21 SROI studies, with only four deriving from peer-reviewed literature sources. In total, 18 studies evaluated physical activity interventions, one study was purely focused on nutrition, whereas the two remaining studies presented a mix of physical activity and nutrition. The majority of studies derived from the United Kingdom (n = 16) with very few of the studies published prior to 2010 (n = 1). In total, four studies were classified as low quality based on the 12-point quality assessment framework used for this review. Outcomes of the relevant studies show that the benefits of these interventions have added value to families, communities and the wider environments of the target groups.ConclusionThis scoping review is adding to research conducted to understand the wider value of public health interventions such as physical activity and nutrition interventions using the SROI framework. This is important so that the development and implementation of public health interventions have the greatest value to people and society, which also benefits decision-makers to effectively and sustainably allocate scarce resources.
Restricted cubic spline model analysis of the association between anal fistula and anorectal abscess incidence and body mass index
Authors: Ye Sangyu , Huang Zichen , Zheng Lihua , Shi Yuying , Zhi Congcong , Liu Ningyuan , Cheng Yicheng 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveThe epidemiological profile of anal fistula and anorectal abscess has not been well studied. Based on the results of a retrospective cross-sectional survey, we aimed to investigate the potential influential factors associated with anal fistula and anorectal abscess.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of outpatients who visited the proctology department at China-Japan Friendship Hospital between January 2017 and May 2022. A comprehensive questionnaire was designed to collect potential influential factors, and according to formal anorectal examination and the corresponding diagnostic criteria, all the participants were divided into patients with anal fistula or perianal abscess and healthy control group. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors in significant association with anal fistula and perianal abscess. Additionally, we combined restricted cubic spline regression to examine the dose-response relationship between factors and the risk of developing anal fistula or anorectal abscess.ResultsThe present study included 1,223 participants, including 1,018 males and 206 females, with 275 anal fistulas, 184 anorectal abscesses, and 765 healthy controls. We found no statistically significant differences between patients and controls in basic information and preoperative assessment of life factors, except for body mass index. It was indicated that people with overweight or obesity were more prone to anal fistula (OR overweight = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.00–1.82, P = 0.047; OR obesity = 3.44, 95% CI: 2.26–5.26, P &lt; 0.001) or anorectal abscess (OR overweight = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.00–1.99, P = 0.05; OR obesity: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.37–3.67, P = 0.001) than normal-weight individuals. The dose-response research indicated the J-shaped trend between the ascending BMI levels and the higher risk of suffering from anal fistula and anorectal abscess.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that overweight and obesity are risk factors for anal fistula and anorectal abscess, which plays a role in the prevention of anorectal diseases. This provides some theoretical basis for clinicians to provide health education to their patients.
Behavioral and Cognitive Comorbidities in Genetic Rat Models of Absence Epilepsy (Focusing on GAERS and WAG/Rij Rats)
Authors: Sitnikova Evgenia 
Published: January 2024

Absence epilepsy is a non-convulsive type of epilepsy characterized by the sudden loss of awareness. It is associated with thalamo-cortical impairment, which may cause neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive problems. Rats with spontaneous absence-like seizures are widely used as in vivo genetic models for absence epilepsy; they display behavioral and cognitive problems similar to epilepsy in humans, such as genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) and Wistar Albino rats from Rijswijk (WAG/Rij). Both GAERS and WAG/Rij rats exhibited depression-like symptoms, but there is uncertainty regarding anxiety-related symptoms. Deficits in executive functions and memory impairment in WAG/Rij rats, i.e., cognitive comorbidities, are linked to the severity of epilepsy. Wistar rats can develop spontaneous seizures in adulthood, so caution is advised when using them as a control epileptic strain. This review discusses challenges in the field, such as putative high emotionality in genetically prone rats, sex differences in the expression of cognitive comorbidities, and predictors of cognitive problems or biomarkers of cognitive comorbidities in absence epilepsy, as well as the concept of “the cognitive thalamus”. The current knowledge of behavioral and cognitive comorbidities in drug-naive rats with spontaneous absence epilepsy is beneficial for understanding the pathophysiology of absence epilepsy, and for finding new treatment strategies.
Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lambert) Hooker: A Promising Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd-Contaminated Soils
Authors: Dai Dachuan , Hu Hongling , Wen Jing , Chen Hong , Chen Gang , Cui Xinglei 
Published: January 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most common toxic heavy metal elements in soil pollution, which can be continuously enriched in the food chain and eventually threaten human health. Phytoremediation, which is using plants to transfer heavy metal elements from soils, is a promising solution for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. In this study, we evaluated whether Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lambert) Hooker (Chinese fir), a widely planted timber tree worldwide, had the potential to remediate Cd-contaminated soils through 90 days pot of experiments with different Cd concentration soils (0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 mg kg−1). C. lanceolata did not show obvious toxic symptoms in Cd-contaminated soils, although Cd inhibited plant growth and decreased net photosynthetic rate slightly. The activities of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly under Cd stress, indicating that C. lanceolata had a strong self-regulation ability and can tolerate Cd stress. The Cd bioconcentration factor (Cd concentration in plant divided by Cd concentration in soil) of C. lanceolata were greater than 1 at all Cd concentrations, indicating that C. lanceolata had a strong ability to absorb Cd, although Cd was mainly accumulated in roots. Our results indicated that C. lanceolata had a strong tolerance and phytostabilization ability of Cd. Considering the wide distribution worldwide, large biomass, and rapid growth of C. lanceolata, it could be a promising candidate for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
The Evolving Microbiome of Dental Caries
Authors: Spatafora Grace , Li Yihong , He Xuesong , Cowan Annie , Tanner Anne C. R. 
Published: January 2024

Dental caries is a significant oral and public health problem worldwide, especially in low-income populations. The risk of dental caries increases with frequent intake of dietary carbohydrates, including sugars, leading to increased acidity and disruption of the symbiotic diverse and complex microbial community of health. Excess acid production leads to a dysbiotic shift in the bacterial biofilm composition, demineralization of tooth structure, and cavities. Highly acidic and acid-tolerant species associated with caries include Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, and Scardovia species. The differences in microbiotas depend on tooth site, extent of carious lesions, and rate of disease progression. Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics not only reveal the structure and genetic potential of the caries-associated microbiome, but, more importantly, capture the genetic makeup of the metabolically active microbiome in lesion sites. Due to its multifactorial nature, caries has been difficult to prevent. The use of topical fluoride has had a significant impact on reducing caries in clinical settings, but the approach is costly; the results are less sustainable for high-caries-risk individuals, especially children. Developing treatment regimens that specifically target S. mutans and other acidogenic bacteria, such as using nanoparticles, show promise in altering the cariogenic microbiome, thereby combatting the disease.
Depresión en usuarios de la Red AMACHAY del distrito Wanchaq en la Región Cusco
Authors: Serrano Monge Edward , Cernaqué Miranda Ofelia 
Published: January 2024

En Perú existe un incremento de la población adulta con un aumento de 5,7% en 1950 a 13,3% en el 2022, donde el síntoma más frecuente en esta población es la depresión que según ENDES. Objetivo. Determinar el nivel de depresión en usuarios de la red de soporte para la persona adulta mayor con alto riesgo (PAMAR) y la Persona con Discapacidad Severa (PcDs)-Red Amachay del distrito de Wanchaq en la región de Cuzco, Perú-2022. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal analítico. Se aplicó la escala de Depresión Geriátrica (GDA) a 70 usuarios empadronados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo e Inclusión Social (MIDIS) remitido a los gobiernos locales en el marco del Decreto de Urgencias N° 026-2020 y el Decreto Supremo N° 005-2020 con el objetivo de prevenir y mitigar los efectos por la infección del COVID-19 y la contención de nuevos casos. Se aplicó una estadística descriptiva basada en el cálculo de frecuencias, porcentajes, dispersión y medidas de tendencia central. Resultados. El promedio de edad fue de 71 años. El 15.4% (11) presentó depresión severa; el 53.5% (38) depresión moderada, el 12.6% (9) depresión leve y el 18.3% (13) no presentaron depresión. Del grupo de severos, el 73% fueron de sexo masculino, el 76.3% de los moderados fueron de sexo masculino, el 56% de los leves fueron de sexo masculino y el 54% con ausencia de depresión, fueron del sexo femenino. Del grupo total de evaluados el 47% presenta comorbilidades, diagnóstico de artrosis, 21% de hipertensos y 16% de diabéticos. Conclusiones. Existe una baja depresión de este grupo de usuarios adultos mayores. Las mujeres no presentan depresión, la mayoría de AM presenta artrosis.
Efectividad de la intervención educativa para prevenir el embarazo y enfermedades de transmisión sexual
Authors: García Ruiz Aida , Pérez Pons Elena 
Published: January 2024

La salud sexual y reproductiva, el embarazo en la adolescencia y las infecciones de trasmisión sexual, son temas tratados en salud pública, adicionalmente cuentan con disímiles estrategias que buscan la reducción del embarazo en adolescentes e infecciones de transmisión sexual. Objetivo. Determinar la efectividad de la intervención educativa en la disminución del embarazo y las enfermedades de trasmisión sexual en adolescentes perteneciente a la Unidad Educativa Guillermo Ordóñez Gómez, de la Provincia de Santa Elena, en Ecuador en el periodo de2021-2022. Materiales y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio cuasi- experimental, con una población de 148 estudiantes, de la cual se consideró la muestra de forma aleatoria simple quedando establecida en 74 estudiantes de 1ro de Bachillerato General Unificado y 48 estudiantes de 2do. Primero se realizó un análisis preliminar (Etapa inicial) que permitió determinar cuál fue la situación inicial y el grado de información de las adolescentes. Resultados. El 51% tenían 15 años. Según la localidad la zona urbana con un 52% y la zona rural con un 48%. el 89% refirieron tener conocimientos y el 3% tal vez, en relación al preservativo masculino el 63% mencionaron que sí conocen, el 32% respondieron no conocerlo, y la satisfacción de los estudiantes con la información recibida, fue del 50% de los beneficiarios se sintieron muy satisfecho con la información recibidas, el 30% de los estudiantes satisfechos, mientras que el 20% de forma neutral. Conclusiones. La intervención educativa resultó adecuada, ya que incrementó el nivel de conocimiento de los adolescentes con respecto a los temas de Salud Sexual y Salud Reproductiva para la prevención de embarazo y enfermedades de transmisión sexual y existió un nivel satisfacción con la información recibida.
Emerging Social Burdens on Married Working Women in the Health Sector During Covid – 19 Pandemic
Authors: Kazan Abdullah , Al-Saqr Rawan Awad 
Published: January 2024

The study aims to identify the social burdens that face Jordanian married women working in the health sector during Covid-19 Pandemic and to identify the statistical differences and their implications. To achieve the objectives of the study, the two methods of social survey and questionnaire are used as data collection tools. The study population consists of (237) women working in the health sector in Irbid Governorate who were selected by the convenience sampling method. The results of the study show that the percentages of the family burdens that faced married women during Covid-19 pandemic are high, whereas the percentages of the professional burdens are medium. The results also show that there are statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) among the averages of household burdens based on the variables of age, educational level, place of residence, number of family members, type of housing, and night shifts. The study also shows that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance α = 0.05 among the averages of occupational burdens based on the variables of educational level, number of family members, and type of housing.
LKPD berbasis JAS (Jelajah Alam Sekitar) dan inkuiri pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Ekosistem di MI Nashrul Fajar
Authors: Ratnaningsih Indah , Fatchurrohman Fatchurrohman 
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kebutuhan, mengembangkan desain, dan menguji keefektifan LKPD berbasis JAS dan Inkuiri pada pembelajaran IPA membelajarkan konsep Ekosistem kelas V MI Nashrul Fajar. pada konsep pemikiran Borg dan Gall. Sampel yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V di MI Nashrul Fajar kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, kuesioner, dan tes hasil belajar. Penelitian ini adalah pengembangan LKPD berbasis JAS (Jelajah Alam Sekitar) dan inkuiri pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Ekosistem di MI Nashrul Fajar Kecamatan Tembalang Kota Semarang. Teknis analisis data dengan menggunakan wawancara, kuosioner, tes hasil belajar, dan, Analisis uji efektivitas dan kepraktisan LKPD berbasis JAS dan Inkuiri. Bentuk produk pada penelitian ini adalah LKPD berbasis JAS dan Inkuiri dengan hasil uji paired t-test yang menunjukkan nilai sebesar 0,000 0,05 yang berarti bahwa terdapat hasil evaluasi belajar yang signifikan. Hasil evaluasi belajar siswa setelah penerapan LKPD berbasis JAS dan Inkuiri pada tema ekosistem yakni sebesar 7,28%, dengan rata-rata posttest sebesar 82,5. Hasil validasi materi menunjukkan bahwa hasil penilaian validator memberikan skor 95 dengan presentase 95 % dengan kategori sangat layak, sedangkan hasil uji validasi praktisi menunjukkan bahwa hasil penilaian validator memberikan skor 87 dengan presentase 95 % dengan kategori sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis JAS (Jelajah Alam Sekitar) dan inkuiri pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Ekosistem di MI Nashrul Fajar efektif untuk membelajarkan konsep ekosistem.
Pengaruh Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai dengan Motivasi Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Nugroho Gilang 
Published: January 2024

<p>Kondisi reformasi birokrasi saat ini menunjukkan upaya untuk memperbaiki manajemen kinerja instansi pemerintahan baik pusat maupun daerah, tak terkecuali di lingkungan Pemerintah Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Penerapan reformasi birokrasi tersebut harus mampu dirasakan manfaatnya oleh internal organisasi pemerintahan dan masyarakat pada umumnya. Aparatur sipil negara atau pegawai negeri sipil merupakan salah satu sumber daya yang penting dalam suatu organisasi pemerintahan dan merupakan ujung tombak untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut peneliti tertari untuk meneliti bagaimana Pengaruh Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening dengan objek penelitian Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang. Kabupaten Rokan Hilir dan responden dari penelitan ini adalah Pegawai Teknis Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif demgam objek Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang, Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Hasil penetitan ini menunjukkan bahwa X (kompetensi) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Z (motivasi), X (kompetensi) berpengaruh terhadap kinerja (Y). Serta variabel Z (motivasi) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhap Y (kinerja). Dan X (kompetensi) berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Y (kinerja pegawai) melalui motivasi (Z)</p>