bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why new scientific information is important for native fish conservation: A case study from the humpback chub (Gila cypha) in the Grand Canyon, U.S.A.
Authors: Boyer Jan K. , Fonken Dale R. , Rogowski David L. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Habitat descriptions found in critical habitat designations and recovery plans are important for protecting endangered species. However, in order to protect critical habitat, it is necessary to update descriptions of habitat use when range shifts occur or new studies change the understanding of habitat use.
This study examined the habitat use of a threatened desert fish to determine whether current habitat use matched the descriptions in recovery documents. Recovery documents describe humpback chub (Gila cypha) as being dependent on rocky, canyon‐bound habitats during all life stages, but recent surveys found humpback chub in open, silt‐laden habitats, suggesting this species may be able to occupy a wider range of habitats.
Hoop net catch data from a long‐term monitoring project in the Colorado River were used to compare catches of two size classes: juvenile/subadult (<200 mm total length [TL]) and adult humpback chub (≥200 mm TL). Catch information was analysed on an individual net scale and on a geological segment scale using generalized linear mixed models.
There was no difference in juvenile/subadult humpback chub catch between hoop nets set in rocky habitat compared with habitat with only fine sediment. Humpback chub catch for all life stages in a river segment characterized by silt banks exceeded or was not significantly different from catch in rocky segments.
This case study demonstrates the importance of revisiting habitat descriptions, sampling in areas outside known or expected habitat and incorporating new data related to range expansion or habitat changes in recovery strategies to better describe and protect habitats that can support imperilled species.
Accuracy of initial diagnostic impressions of autism in toddlers and behaviors that inform these impressions
Authors: Thomas Rebecca P. , de Marchena Ashley , Wieckowski Andrea Trubanova , Stahmer Aubyn , Milan Stephanie , Burke Jeffrey D. , Barton Marianne L. , Robins Diana L. , Fein Deborah A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractClinicians form initial impressions about a child's diagnosis based on behavioral features, but research has not yet identified specific behaviors to guide initial diagnostic impressions. Participants were toddlers (N = 55, mean age 22.9 months) from a multi‐site early detection study, referred for concern for ASD due to screening or parent/provider concern. Within 5 min of meeting a child, clinicians noted ASD or non‐ASD impression, confidence in impression, and behaviors that informed their impression. These clinicians also determined final diagnoses for each child. When a child's final diagnosis was ASD (n = 35), senior clinicians formed an initial impression of ASD in 22 cases (63%) but missed 13 cases (37%). When final diagnosis was non‐ASD (n = 20), senior clinicians made an initial impression of non‐ASD in all cases (100%). Results were similar among junior clinicians. Senior and junior clinicians used the same behaviors to form accurate impressions of ASD and non‐ASD: social reciprocity, nonverbal communication, and eye contact. Senior clinicians additionally used focus of attention when forming accurate impressions of ASD and non‐ASD; junior clinicians used this behavior only when forming accurate non‐ASD impressions. Clinicians' initial impressions of ASD are very likely to be consistent with final diagnoses, but initial impressions of non‐ASD need follow‐up. Toddlers who show all four atypical behaviors (social reciprocity, nonverbal communication, eye contact, and focus of attention) might receive expedited ASD diagnoses. However, presence of apparently typical behaviors should not rule out ASD; for some children a longer evaluation is necessary to allow for more opportunities to observe subtle social behavior.
Regulatory mechanisms and regeneration strategies of the soft–hard tissue interface in the human periodontium
Authors: Dang Gao‐peng , Wei Yu , Wan Qian‐qian , Gu Jun‐ting , Wang Kai‐yan , Wan Mei‐chen , Wang Chen‐yu , Song Jing‐han , Mu Zhao , Tay Franklin R. , Niu Li‐na 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe soft‐hard tissue interface of the human periodontium is responsible for periodontal homeostasis and is essential for normal oral activities. This soft‐hard tissue interface is formed by the direct insertion of fibrous ligaments into the bone tissue. It differs from the unique four‐layer structure of the fibrocartilage interface. This interface is formed by a combination of physical, chemical, and biological factors. The physiological functions of this interface are regulated by different signaling pathways. The unique structure of this soft‐hard tissue interface has inspired scientists to construct biomimetic gradient structures. These biomimetic systems include nanofiber scaffolds, cell sheets, and hydrogels. Exploring methods to repair this soft‐hard tissue interface can help solve clinically unresolved problems. The present review examines the structure of the soft‐hard tissue interface of the periodontium and the factors that influence the development of this interface. Relevant regulatory pathways and biomimetic reconstruction methods are also presented to provide ideas for future research on interfacial tissue engineering.
Circular value creation through environmental entrepreneurship initiatives: A case‐based exploration
Authors: Mohapatra Subhalaxmi , Roy Subhadip , Upadhyay Arvind , Kumar Anil 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe present study builds on the domain of circular economy and its subdomain circular value creation to explore the entrepreneurial process of a small business in India. It aims to find how circular entrepreneurship as a process may unfold and how it may lead to value creation at different levels. The case study method is used to address the research objectives and a case study of a small entrepreneur based in India is selected for the same purpose. The analysis of the case and within case patterns (three subcases) illustrates circular entrepreneurship as a process with motivation, action and value creation as three main stages. The motivation of the entrepreneur leads to several actions related to business processes that are aimed at circular value creation. Subsequently, this leads to value creation at multiple levels such as the economy, business and society. Hence, the findings support the circular economy concept and its role in the creation of value at the small business level. The findings support the theoretical tenets of circular value creation and circular entrepreneurship using an interpretive approach.
Trabeculations of the porcine and human cardiac ventricles are different in number but similar in total volume
Authors: Jensen Bjarke , Salvatori Daniela , Schouten Jacobine , Meijborg Veronique M. F. , Lauridsen Henrik , Agger Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAn intricate meshwork of trabeculations lines the luminal side of cardiac ventricles. Compaction, a developmental process, is thought to reduce trabeculations by adding them to the neighboring compact wall which is then enlarged. When pig, a plausible cardiac donor for xenotransplantation, is compared to human, the ventricular walls appear to have fewer trabeculations. We hypothesized the trabecular volume is proportionally smaller in pig than in human. Macroscopically, we observed in 16 pig hearts that the ventricular walls harbor few but large trabeculations. Close inspection revealed a high number of tiny trabeculations, a few hundred, within the recesses of the large trabeculations. While tiny, these were still larger than embryonic trabeculations and even when considering their number, the total tally of trabeculations in pig was much fewer than in human. Volumetrics based on high‐resolution MRI of additional six pig hearts compared to six human hearts, revealed the left ventricles were not significantly differently trabeculated (21.5 versus 22.8%, respectively), and the porcine right ventricles were only slightly less trabeculated (42.1 vs 49.3%, respectively). We then analyzed volumetrically 10 pig embryonic hearts from gestational day 14–35. The trabecular and compact layer always grew, as did the intertrabecular recesses, in contrast to what compaction predicts. The proportions of the trabecular and compact layers changed substantially, nonetheless, due to differences in their growth rate rather than compaction. In conclusion, processes that affect the trabecular morphology do not necessarily affect the proportion of trabecular‐to‐compact myocardium and they are then distinct from compaction.
UCP2 promotes NSCLC proliferation and glycolysis via the mTOR/HIF‐1α signaling
Authors: Song Cailu , Liu Qing , Qin Jing , Liu Lingrui , Zhou Zhigang , Yang Han 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic disturbance is a hallmark of cancers. Targeting key metabolic pathways and metabolism‐related molecular could be a potential therapeutic approach. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays a pivotal part in the malignancy of cancer and its capacity to develop resistance to pharmaceutical interventions. However, it is unclear about the mechanism of how UCP2 acts in the tumor growth and metabolic reprogramming process in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsHere, we conducted qRT‐PCR to investigate the expression of UCP2 in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Subsequent functional studies including colony formation assay, CCK‐8 assay, and glycolysis assay were conducted to investigate the functions of UCP2 in NSCLC. The regulatory mechanism of UCP2 toward the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) signaling in NSCLC was confirmed through western blotting.ResultsWe observed a significant upregulation of UCP2 in both NSCLC tissues and cell lines. The increased expression of UCP2 has a strong association with a worse outlook. Silencing UCP2 remarkably dampened NSCLC cell proliferation and glycolysis capacities. Mechanically, UCP2 promoted NSCLC tumorigenesis partially via regulating the mTOR/HIF‐1α axis.ConclusionTaken together, we explored the functions as well as the mechanisms of the UCP2/mTOR/HIF‐1α axis in NSCLC progression, uncovering potential biological signatures and targets for NSCLC treatment.
Cytotoxicity Activity of Some meso‐Dihydroguaiaretic Acid Derivatives and Mode of Action of the Most Active Compound.
Authors: Domínguez‐Chavarría José Antonio , García Abraham , Romo‐Mancillas Antonio , Reyes‐Melo Karen Y. , Chávez‐Villareal Karen G. , Vázquez‐Ramírez Ana L. , Ávalos‐Alanís Francisco G. , Cabral‐Romero Claudio , Hernández‐Delgadillo Rene , García‐Cuellar Claudia María , del Rayo Camacho‐Corona María 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to screen sixteen meso‐1 semi‐synthetic derivatives bearing ether, esther, carbamate, phosphate or aminoether functional groups against five cancer cell lines: MCF‐7 (breast), A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), HeLa (cervix), and DU145 (prostate) at 25 μM using the MTT assay. Results from the screening showed that two derivatives had the lowest percentage of cell viability at 25 μM, the aminoether derivative meso‐11 and the esther derivative meso‐20 against A549 (44.15±0.78 %) and MCF‐7 (41.60±0.92 %), respectively. Then, it was determined the IC50 value of each compound against their most sensitive cancer cell line. Results showed that aminoether derivative meso‐11 showed potent cytotoxicity against A549 (IC50=17.11±2.11 μM), whereas it resulted more cytotoxic against the LL‐47 lung normal cell line (IC50=9.49±1.19 μM) having a Selective Index (SI) of 0.55. On the other hand, the esther derivative meso‐20 exhibited potent activity against MCF‐7 (IC50=18.20±1.98 μM), whereas it displayed moderate cytotoxicity against the MCF‐10 breast normal cell line (IC50=41.22±2.17 μM) with a SI of 2.2. Finally, studies on the mechanism of action of meso‐20 indicated disruption of MCF‐7 plasma membrane in vitro and the AMPK activation in silico.
Direct Growth Control of Antibiotic‐Resistant Bacteria Using Visible‐Light‐Responsive Novel Photoswitchable Antibiotics
Authors: Bhunia Supriya , Jana Santosh Kumar , Sarkar Soumik , Das Arpan , Mandal Sukhendu , Samanta Subhas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn addition to the discovery of new (modified) potent antibiotics to combat antibiotic resistance, there is a critical need to develop novel strategies that would restrict their off‐target effects and unnecessary exposure to bacteria in our body and environment. We report a set of new photoswitchable arylazopyrazole‐modified norfloxacin antibiotics that present a high degree of bidirectional photoisomerization, impressive fatigue resistance and reasonably high cis half‐lives. The irradiated isomers of most compounds were found to exhibit nearly equal or higher antibacterial activity than norfloxacin against Gram‐positive bacteria. Notably, against norfloxacin‐resistant S. aureus bacteria, the visible‐light‐responsive p‐SMe‐substituted derivative showed remarkably high antimicrobial potency (MIC of 0.25 μg/mL) in the irradiated state, while the potency was reduced by 24‐fold in case of its non‐irradiated state. The activity was estimated to be retained for more than 7 hours. This is the first report to demonstrate direct photochemical control of the growth of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria and to show the highest activity difference between irradiated and non‐irradiated states of a photoswitchable antibiotic. Additionally, both isomers were found to be non‐harmful to human cells. Molecular modellings were performed to identify the underlying reason behind the high‐affinity binding of the irradiated isomer to topoisomerase IV enzyme.
Dextrans, Pullulan and Lentinan, New Scaffold Materials for Use as Hydrogels in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Lienig Pascal , Banerjee Samhita , Kenneweg Franziska , Thum Thomas , Kirschning Andreas , Dräger Gerald 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe development of hydrogels based on dextrans, pullulan and lentinan to be used in biomedical applications including tissue engineering is reported. Despite the fact that selected polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid are well established, little is known, how these polysaccharides can be chemically modified to create hydrogels under controlled conditions. In this study we present a small library of chemically modified polysaccharides which are used for a divergent approach to achieve biomedical relevant hydrogels. In this case the crosslinking is based on thio ether formation between thiol modified donor and vinylsulfone or maleimide modified acceptor components. Successful synthesis of the linker systems and coupling at the polysaccharides, hydrogel formation takes place under physiological conditions. We extended the study by coupling small molecules like adhesion factors for increasing cell compatibility as well as a dye for further studies. The different hydrogels were studied to their rheological properties, water uptake, their permeability, biodegrability and their cytotoxicity.
Recurrent spinal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor with pulmonary metastasis
Authors: Yaguchi Akinori , Fujimura Junya , Maruyama Kazutaka , Fujiwara Megumi , Ishibashi Takeshi , Tomita Osamu , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) are aggressive pediatric central nervous system malignancies that predominantly affect the brain and have poor survival outcomes. However, spinal ATRT is an uncommon subset of ATRT, and its clinical course and management are poorly understood.CaseWe describe a case of spinal ATRT in a previously healthy 5‐year‐old girl who initially presented with rapid‐onset gait disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an extramedullary tumor at thoracic level 5 (T5) without bony destruction or metastasis. The patient partially recovered after surgical resection. One month was required for a definitive diagnosis, and the pathology confirmed ATRT characterized by the loss of INI‐1 protein expression. Chemoradiotherapy with local irradiation and high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation led to complete remission and functional recovery for 5 months. However, the condition exhibited progression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) region, resulting in cerebellar, cerebral, and spinal tumor development. Eventually, the disease metastasized to the lungs and disseminated to the entire cerebrospinal cord and fluid. The patient died 15 months after the initial diagnosis.ConclusionThis case emphasizes the importance of considering ATRT as a potential diagnostic modality for pediatric spinal cord tumors, enabling prompt multidisciplinary intervention. The heterogeneous appearance of spinal ATRT may make distinguishing it from other spinal tumors difficult, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. The treatment approach for ATRT remains challenging with no established standards. Local irradiation may be preferable to minimize neurodevelopmental effects, and initial craniospinal irradiation may potentially prevent recurrence. Our case emphasizes the likelihood of extracranial metastasis in ATRT, thereby highlighting the importance of a comprehensive assessment of both genetic and epigenetic profiles to identify any factors that may influence the clinical course of this disease. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive therapeutic strategies are critical for improving outcomes in spinal ATRT patients.
Healthcare cost and utilization for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A commercial insurance claims database analysis
Authors: Hoover Alex , Reimche Paige , Watson Dave , Tanner Lynn , Gilchrist Laura , Finch Mike , Messinger Yoav H. , Turcotte Lucie M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundB‐lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) is the most common malignancy of childhood. With the introduction of novel cellular therapies, cost of care is a critical component and the financial burden experienced by patients and society requires evaluation.AimsThis study aims to assess the utilization and cost of care for chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy for pediatric ALL patients with commercial insurance coverage in the United States.Methods and ResultsUsing de‐identified commercial insurance data from the OptumLabs® Data Warehouse, a cohort of 37 patients, aged 1‐25 years, with B‐ALL treated with CAR‐T therapy between Oct 2016 and Dec 2021 in the United States was identified. Cost was evaluated for a 90 day period encompassing CAR‐T infusion and by administration and complication characteristics. Among the 37 identified B‐ALL patients that received a CAR‐T product infusion, 14 patients were female, median age at administration was 13 years. The median 90‐day total cost was $620,500 (Mean: $589,108). Inpatient cost accounted for approximately 71% of the total cost with an average of 28 inpatient days per patient. Although inpatient cost was slightly higher in the older age group (aged 10‐25 years) and in patients with a code for cytokine release syndrome (CRS), these differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionThis real‐world cost analysis shows for the first time the encompassing cost of CAR‐T therapy for pediatric B‐ALL patients in the US with commercial insurance. This study provides a valuable benchmark that can be used to analyze the financial implications of CAR‐T therapy for pediatric B‐ALL therapy on health systems.
The relationship between treatment integrity and outcome in group psychotherapy: A systematic review
Authors: Esposito Giovanna , Di Maro Angela , Passeggia Raffaella 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTreatment integrity is defined as the extent to which the treatment has been implemented according to a specific theoretical model. It consists of two components: adherence, that is, the degree to which the therapist implements the techniques prescribed by the theoretical model, and competence, that is, the degree to which the therapist skilfully and appropriately implements the techniques prescribed by the model. Recently, the issue of integrity is gaining increasing importance in psychotherapy research, especially in an attempt to clarify its role in influencing the effectiveness of treatments. However, most studies focus on the individual setting. Therefore, this systematic review aims at investigating the relationship between integrity and outcome in group clinical treatments. Results highlighted a positive relationship between group treatment integrity and outcome. Moreover, this review provided insights for implications for research, clinical practice, and training of therapists, identifying questions that still need to be answered and tracing possible future research directions.
“I don't have time for this”: Time perspectives and conflict management message styles
Authors: Fife Eric , Nelson C. Leigh 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTwo web survey studies were conducted to examine the connection between people's time perspectives and the conflict management message styles they were likely to endorse. People view time in multiple ways from the past, present and/or future perspectives. These studies examine whether time perspectives are important predictors of how one approaches conflict and specifically the messages they are likely to endorse, and thus are more likely to use themselves. In the undergraduate sample, self‐oriented conflict message use was positively correlated to a past negative and a present fatalistic perspective of time. Self‐oriented conflict message use was negatively related to a past positive and future orientation time perspective. Other‐oriented message usage was positively correlated to a past negative, present hedonist, present fatalistic, and transcendental orientation toward time. Issue‐oriented message use was positively correlated with a past negative, present fatalistic, future, and transcendental orientation toward time. Utilizing an online sample, self‐oriented conflict management message use was positively correlated to a past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and transcendental perspective of time. Self‐oriented conflict management message use was negatively related to a future orientation of time. Other‐orientation message use was positively related to a past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic and a transcendental orientation of time. Lastly, issue‐oriented message use was positively related to a past positive, present hedonistic, future, and transcendental orientation toward time. Time perspectives were significant predictors for the likelihood of utilizing various conflict management message styles when in conflict. The authors also consider practical implications of the research findings.