bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental feeding styles and early childhood caries in Egyptian children: a cross- sectional study
Authors: Taha Aya , Essam Wafaa , Tantawi Maha El 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Early childhood caries (ECC) affects the quality of life for young children and has the potential to increase caries susceptibility in permanent teeth. It is linked to eating or drinking sugary meals, beverages, or snacks. It may also be linked to unhealthy eating habits including emotional eating and instrumental feeding. This study examined the relationship between parental feeding practices and ECC in Egyptian children.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out from 2022 to 2023. It included children aged 2–6 years old attending with their parents a dental clinic in a public hospital for children in Alexandria, Egypt. Data collection included oral examination to assess ECC using dmfs and oral hygiene using plaque index. Parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their children’s feeding and dietary habits using the parental feeding style questionnaire (PFSQ). The PFSQ contains four domains: control over eating, prompting/encouraging to eat, instrumental feeding, and emotional feeding, with 27 items scored from 1 to 5. A higher score indicated greater adoption of a feeding style. Binary logistic regression assessed the relation between having ECC experience (dependent variable) and parental feeding styles and sugary drinks intake (independent variables) controlling for confounders identified using directed acyclic graph (DAG).
Results
Responses and clinical data were available for 412 children out of 450 children (response rate = 91.7%). Most children (333, 80.8%) had ECC. There were significant differences in parental feeding styles between children with and without ECC. In multivariable regression, ECC was significantly higher in older children (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.68, 3.59) and in children with more instrumental feeding (AOR = 8.13, 95% CI: 3.67, 18.01) and significantly lower in females (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.76) and children with more prompting/ encouragement to eat (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.67).
Conclusion
ECC was significantly associated with some parental feeding styles. Identifying parental feeding styles may help target at-risk children by preventive and health education programs.
Potentially protein-destabilizing C3 polymorphism in a case of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with life-threatening extrarenal manifestations
Authors: Enya Takuji , Miyazaki Kohei , Kuge Sakina , Morimoto Yuichi , Kondou Hiroki , Sakata Naoki , Joh Kensuke , Nagano China , Ito Nobutoshi , Hakata Yoshiyuki , Miyazawa Masaaki , Sugimoto Keisuke 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background:
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, life-threatening disease caused by uncontrolled complement activation. It is frequently associated with a genetic factor including various polymorphisms at the C3 gene locus; however, no functional amino acid substitution in the C-terminal domain has been reported. We experienced a pediatric case of aHUS with multisystem involvements including refractory hypertension and gastrointestinal bleeding in which immunohistochemical, genetic, and molecular structural analyses were performed.
Methods:
Biopsy specimens were stained for renin and C5b-9. Serum factor Ba levels were measured to evaluate the alternative pathway activation. Genomic DNA was obtained with consent for targeted Sanger sequencing. The possible effects of the identified amino acid substitution on the molecular structure of C3 were analyzed by computer-aided simulation.
Results:
Immunostaining revealed intense renin staining in the hyperplastic juxtaglomerular apparatus. Endothelial cells of renal and intestinal blood vessels were positive for C5b-9. Serum Ba level in the active phase was higher than control level. Genetic analyses showed a C3 polymorphism resulting in M1604T substitution in the C345C domain. Although previously reported to be a variant of unknown significance, molecular structural analysis indicated that this amino acid substitution results in the formation of a large space within the hydrophobic core of the C-terminal domain, possibly destabilizing the spherical structure of C3. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors for refractory hypertension were effective in this patient.
Conclusions:
M1604T substitution in the C345C domain of C3 molecule may functionally underlie the observed life-threatening extrarenal manifestations.
The contribution of milkfish (Chanos chanos) pond farming to socio-economics and coastal community livelihoods for a sustainable blue economy
Authors: Shalli Mwanahija S. , Mmochi Aviti , Rubekie Alex P. , Yona Gloria , Shoko Amon , Limbu Samwel , Mwitad Chacha J. , Lamtanee Hieromin A. , Hamedf Salum S. , Jiddawi Narriman S. , Mapenzi Levinus L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The socio-economics and livelihoods of milkfish (Chanos chanos) pond farming to coastal communities is limited in most countries including Tanzania. This study assessed the milkfish (Chanos chanos) pond farming contribution to the socio-economics and livelihoods along the Tanzanian coastline. Sixty three milkfish farmers were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicated that, milkfish pond farming is characterized by low production due to low farmers’ education. The milkfish pond production is postively influenced by farmers’ experience, the number of fingerlings stocked and pond fertilization. However, milkfish pond farming is significantly negatively affected by pond production period and age of the farmers. Interestingly, our results showed that, milkfish pond farming is a source of income to the farmers after selling their fish through retail, wholesale and on-farm sales via mobile phone communications. However, milkfish pond farming in the studied areas is currently not profitable. Interestingly, milkfish pond farming is a source of food, income and employment to the community. Nevertheless, milkfish pond farming is constrained by inadequate feeds, seeds, funds, technical support and existence of theft and predators. Therefore, addressing these challenges is necessary for enhancing milkfish pond farming contribution to the socio-economics well-being and livelihoods support for the coastal communities.
3D-SegNet: A deep learning framework for three-dimensional airborne laser scanning point cloud segmentation for building identification
Authors: Yadav Manohar , Singh Dheerendra Pratap 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The airborne laser scanning (ALS), a state-of-the-art 3D mapping technique is used for the fast and comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition of urban environment. In this paper, a 3D-SegNet method is presented for identification of buildings using 3D ALS point cloud data. This method is mainly divided into two main steps: data preprocessing, and SegNet convolutional neural network: Urban building segmentation. In data preprocessing, the various LiDAR and geometric features are generated using point-wise 3D analysis in local spherical neighborhood. These features are processed and rasterized into feature images. Feature images along with buildings masks are used for the proposed 3D-SegNet model training and testing. The proposed 3D-SegNet model is straightforward to implement, where accurate segmentation of buildings are effectively dealt in several complex cases, such as buildings with varying dimensions, incomplete building geometry and data gaps; overlapped and connected objects with one of the objects as building, etc. The 3D-SegNet method performance for buildings segmentation was reported as average IOU, accuracy and F1-score of 76.19%, 91.19% and 77.45%, respectively employing the method on two datasets having different scene complexity. The proposed method is straightforward to implement and can be used as standard tool in urban planning strategies formation.
Electroporation Response in Mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Nanosecond Electric Pulses: Numerical Assessments of Geometry, Proximity and Multi- Electrode Effects
Authors: Baker C. , Willis A. , Milestone W. , Baker M. , Garner A. L. , Joshi R. P. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Most simulations of electric field driven bioeffects have considered spherical cellular geometries or probed symmetrical structures for simplicity. This work assesses cellular transmembrane potential build-up and electroporation in a Jurkat cell that includes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, both of which have complex shapes, in response to external nanosecond electric pulses. The simulations are based on a time-domain nodal analysis that incorporates membrane poration utilizing the Smoluchowski model with angular-dependent changes in membrane conductivity. Consistent with prior experimental reports, the simulations show that the ER requires the largest electric field for electroporation, while the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is the easiest membrane to porate. Our results suggest that the experimentally observed increase in intracellular calcium most likely results due to a calcium induced calcium release (CICR) process that is initiated by outer cell membrane breakdown. Repeated pulsing and/or using multiple electrodes are shown to create a stronger poration. The role of mutual coupling, screening, and proximity effects in bringing about electric field modifications is also probed. Finally, while including greater geometric details might refine predictions, the qualitative trends are expected to remain.
Sleep Disorders in Patients with Parkinson Disease and its Correlation to Motor Symptoms Severity
Authors: Fadol Rabwa Khalil Mohammed , Daoud Mahmoud Hussien Salih , Saeed Mohamed KhalafAllah , Mohmed Mohmed Hussien Ahmed , Ali Khalid Mohammed , Elsayed Muaz Abdellatif Mohammed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbances are non-motor manifestations, which occurs in up to 96% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). They include insomnia, disorders of daytime somnolence, sleep-related breathing disorders, restless legs syndrome (RLS), and rapid eye movement behavior disturbances. Sleep disorders have significant impact on the quality of life in Parkinson's disease patients.
Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at three neurology referral hospitals. The aim was to assess the frequency and pattern of sleep disturbances among patients with PD. Questionnaires were used to obtain the demographic, clinical features and evaluation of sleep disturbances using PD sleep scale-2 (PDSS-2). The correlation of quality of sleep with the duration of the disease and severity of motor symptoms was assessed using Hoehn and Yahr staging. SPSS version 25 was the tool used for analysis—p value <0.05.
Results: 71 patients with confirmed PD were studied. Males represented 70.4% and the mean age was 64.66±9.6 years.
38% had significant nocturnal sleep disturbances (PDSS-2≥18). The most common sleep disorders were nocturia 72% (51), sleep maintenance insomnia 46% (38), sleep refreshment 46%(34), waking up due to pain in arms or legs 45%(32) and(21%) 15 had nocturnal hallucinations. Poor sleepers exhibited longer disease duration but revealed no association with PD severity.
Conclusion: In 71 patients with Parkinson's disease, one-third had significant sleep disturbances. PDSS-2 score was positively correlated to prolonged duration but not motor symptoms' severity.
Instance-level detection and region partition ofHPT blade by slot localization
Authors: 黄 Rui , Cheng 徐毅 , 张 Chaoqun , 王 Ruofei , 电风扇 Wei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Accurately partitioning a high-pressure turbine (HPT) blade is very importantfor deciding the severity of the damage occurring on an HPT blade. Although itis important, there is no autonomous HPT blade partition method. A direct wayis to segment an HPT blade by the state-of-the-art (SOTA) instance segmenta-tion method trained with abundant labeled images. But the segmentation-basedstrategy is restricted by the number of pixel-level labels, which cannot meet thedifferent partition standards of variant aeroengines. In this paper, we study topartition an HPT blade without pixel-level labels. Our method is based on slotlocalization, dubbed as SL-BP, which can decouple the HPT blade partition withinstance segmentation, and make SL-BP can be easily applied on a new typeof aeroengine without relabeling. Given the indexes of localization slots, SL-BPcan easily generate promising HPT blade partition results. To improve the bladepartition results further, we propose “smart YOLACT”, which is pretrained withpseudo labels generated by SL-BP and finetuned with a small number of pixel-level labeled images. We build an HPT blade partition dataset, named BPD,with 107 images of the HPT blade. Compared with the instance segmentationbased method that trained with pixel-level labels, SL-BP can achieve compa-rable performance only with bounding box annotation on slots of HPT blades.Besides, finetuned with half number of labeled images, our “smart YOLACT”even outperforms YOLACT trained with all the labeled images.
The Constants and Dark Energy Computed and Explained with Entire Function of Dynamical Systems
Authors: Jian Yufeng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Metaphysically and physically, this paper presents a general theoretical framework with correspondingly metaphysical models definition and one general physical model variating in specific cases in a uniform mathematical structure in dynamical systems view. With this framework, the Constant Family that is composed of the Fine-Structure Constant (FSC), the Coulomb Constant, the Newton Gravitational Constant, the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and the Electroweak Electromagnetic Moment together with Electroweak Constant Coefficient has been computed theoretically in General Solution scheme. Specific values or value scope for different schemes have been determined by the experimental Constants’ values with probability evaluations to indicate capability for predictions for further more precise measurements. The theoretical framework is appeared to be able to unify the electromagnetic field, the electric field and the gravitational field at dynamical energy flowing and transforming system level in coordinated relativistic structural view. By rights of such unifying capability, the theoretical framework is able to explain “Dark Energy” and clarify concepts such as “energy superposition state” and misconceptions such as “Asymptotic Freedom”.
Mathematically, this works originally was to continue the ongoing mathematics works on FSC carried out by Sir. Michael. Atiyah. The mathematical structure developed from this works plays the role of General Solution to Yang-mills and Mass Gap mathematical proposition proof. Sir. Michael. Atiyah’s insights and employing renormalization approach and Todd polynomials techniques has provided demonstration from the uniqueness proof for any defined analogue for (infinite) iteration of exponential set. This paper is on those analogues, jointly shaping existence and uniqueness proof for multiple mathematical aspects. The future work can be further conducted on existence proof in relation to Yang-mills proposition.
Validity and Reliability Test of Career Self- Awareness Instruments on Victims of Violence With the Rasch Model
Authors: Supriatna Mamat , Suryana Dodi , Anzhali Megga Nur , Noor Amelia Mohd 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Everyone needs self-awareness about her/his career, without exception, even if she/he is a victim of violence. Victims of violence have a trauma that often affects their lives, including their career development. A new instrument is needed to measure an individual's self-perception of themselves and their work environment. An instrument needs to be tested for validity and reliability before it is used with individuals to assess individuals’ self-awareness about their careers. Career self-awareness instruments measure an individual's talent to understand themselves and the work environment in depth.
Methods
This research examines the validity and reliability of career self-awareness instruments with victims of violence. The research was conducted with 50 victims of violence in Bandung City. A quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design was used. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model and Winsteps 3.73 application.
Results
The analysis showed that the unidimensional value fell into the "good" category and thus could describe aspects of the career self-awareness instrument. The analysis of the diagnostic rating scale based on the Andrich threshold showed that the score increased to the appropriate level with the value from 0 to 4. The Cronbach alpha value represents the interaction between a person and an item in the good category. In addition, the person reliability value is found in the sufficient category, while the item reliability is very good.
Conclusion
Based on these results, a career self-awareness instrument can be used to assess and measure the level of career self-awareness of victims of violence.
A Low Power tunable Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband Transmitter for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Haripriya D. , Chukka Samadeep 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Ultra-low power wireless communication systems are the crucial enabling technology for health care applications and biomedical research. A wireless link is a essential feature in biomedical implants such as electrocardiogram (ECG) recording, neural recording, electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and brain-computer interface that allows for remote diagnosis by limiting a patient's free movement. The desired device should be compact, wearable, wireless and it should employ low-power to monitor the vital signs. The technology which can appease these requirements is the Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) technology. The Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology is used for short distance communication which transmits at a high data rate with minimal power consumption. An ultra-low power transmitter has been implemented in a 180 nanometer Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication process. The transmitter is implemented utilizing an on-off keying (OOK) modulation scheme in order to transmit ultra-short pulses. The primary goal of this project is to decrease the power usage of the transmitter through tunability and exploiting the advantageous features of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The schematic and simulations of the IR-UWB transmitter were conducted using the generic gpdk180nm CMOS technology in Cadence virtuoso circuit simulator. The power consumption of the transmitter was found to be 0.378 mW at a pulse frequency of 100 MHz.
Pyruvate kinase M2 nuclear translocation regulate ferroptosis-associated acute lung injury in cytokine storm
Authors: Wang Haiting , Fan Chenyu , Chen Xuelian , Zhou Wei , Guo Li , Zhao Feng , Ye Shuang , He Shuangjun , Chen Yi 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cytokine storm (CS) is linked with macrophage dysfunction and acute lung injury (ALI), which can lead to patient mortality. Glycolysis is preferentially exploited by the pro-inflammatory macrophages, in which pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a critical enzyme. The mechanism underlying the link between CS and ALI involves cell death, with the recently discovered programmed cell death known as ferroptosis being involved. However, the relationship between the glycolysis and ferroptosis in the context of CS-related ALI remains unclear.
Methods
CS model was induced by sequential challenge of poly I:C (10 mg/kg, i.v) and LPS (5mg/kg, i.p) (IC: LPS) accompanied by the applications of ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor, 2.5mg/kg, i.p) or ML-265 (PKM2 monomer/dimer inhibitor, 50 mg/kg, i.p). Lung injury, inflammation parameters, ferroptosis parameters and cellular bioenergetics were examined. Alveolar macrophage (AM) sorting, RNA sequencing, subcellular fractionation and western blot were performed to clarify the mechanisms of PKM2 nuclear translocation in the process of ferroptosis-associated ALI in CS. In clinical cohort verification, 3 health controls and 14 patients diagnosed with lung infection were included (9 patients presented distinct characteristics indicative of CS). CD14+ monocytes from human peripheral blood were isolated and analyzed.
Results
CS-associated ALI induced by IC:LPS exhibit significant ferroptosis. Ferrostatin-1 treatment attenuated IC:LPS‑induced mortality and lung injury. Moreover, AM from IC:LPS model exhibited enhanced glycolysis and PKM2 translocation. The administration of ML-265 resulted in the formation of a highly active tetrameric PKM2, leading to improved survival and attenuation of ALI. Furthermore, ML-265 treatment decreased ferroptosis and restored the balance between anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Notably, in patients with lung infection, intracellular expression level of PKM2 were correlated with circulating inflammation. Enhanced ferroptosis and PKM2 nuclear translocation was noticed in CD14+ blood monocytes of lung infection patients with CS.
Conclusion
PKM2 is a key regulatory node integrating metabolic reprograming with intra-nuclear function for the regulation of ferroptosis. Targeting PKM2 could be explored as a potential means in the future to prevent or alleviate hyper-inflammatory state or cytokines storm syndrome with aberrant ferroptotic cell death.
Factors influencing halal cosmetic adoption: A systematic literature review and future research directions using TCCM framework
Authors: Raza Md Wasim , Uddin Furquan , Rasheed Anwar 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Individuals' increasing concern for religiosity and sustainability can be attributed to the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, it is envisaged that the global halal cosmetics market will expand in the coming years. However, what factors prompted consumers worldwide to choose halal cosmetics remains uncertain. As a result, the present study examines the existing literature to determine the variables identified for their significance in deciding whether to purchase Halal cosmetic products that have a smaller negative impact on the environment and are consistent with their religious beliefs. The PRISMA & TCCM framework is used to systematically evaluate the literature, which consists of 41 empirical studies of people's intentions and behaviours concerning purchasing halal cosmetics. TPB, TRA, SOR, and product-related variables are the research's most frequently utilised theories or variables. According to this study, future research on halal cosmetics should employ Hunt & Vitell's theory, the values-lifestyle-behavior model, the UTAUT model and the choice behaviour model. In addition, the thematic evaluation in halal cosmetics literature provides a clearer picture of the work done in the literature, allowing for the extension of future research into understudied areas such as artificial intelligence and e-commerce platforms. Overall, this literature review provides manufacturers, retailers, brands, and policymakers with insightful information about consumer behaviour regarding halal cosmetics. Using the TCCM framework it identifies research deficiencies and suggests future directions.