bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of predictive factors for CD34+ cell harvest yields from patients mobilized with chemotherapy and growth factors
Authors: Ford C.D. , Chan K.J. , Reilly W.F. , Petersen F.B. 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Accurately predicting the outcomes of peripheral blood stem cell harvests is important because unproductive collections are expensive and subject the donor to unnecessary toxicity. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Predictive factors for stem cell mobilization and collection by a retrospective review of 104 consecutive donors were evaluated. RESULTS
: Of several previously suggested measures, the peripheral CD34+ cell concentration on the day of harvest (pCD34
DH
) correlated best with total numbers of CD34+ collected (r = 0.88). This was followed by the pCD34 on the day before harvest (pCD34
Day –1
) (r = 0.74). The peripheral WBC count on the day of harvest (pWBC) was inferior (r = 0.39). When ratios of potential predictive factors divided by the previous day's value were examined, pWBC ratio was found to be a significant independent predictive factor for cells collected (r = 0.45). Furthermore, the predictive value of both the pCD34
Day –1 and the pWBC can be improved by combining with the pWBC ratio. To examine whether the chosen collection starting days were optimal, serial pCD34 obtained daily during the harvest procedures was examined. Poorly mobilizing donors, who required several days of collection, did not reach maximal harvest yields until the fourth collection day. CONCLUSIONS
: pCD34
DH
is the optimal predictive factor for harvest yields. If pCD34
DH
is not available, pCD34
Day –1 or pWBC combined with the pWBC ratio may offer the best prediction of harvest outcomes. The best harvest yields on poorly mobilizing donors occur 3 to 4 days after the usual collection starting times.
Changes in functional activities of plasma fibrinogen after treatment with methylene blue and red light
Authors: Suontaka Anna‐Maija , Blombäck Margareta , Chapman John 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Methylene blue (MB) plus light treatment used for virus inactivation of human plasma units may lead to changes in the functional activities of fibrinogen. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
: Single‐donor units of fresh plasma were treated with 1.0 μ
M
MB and a red light dose of 48 J per cm
2 . The effects of MB plus red light treatment on fibrinogen clottability, fibrin polymerization and gelation, clot stabilization, and fibrinolysis were studied. RESULTS
: The concentration of clottable fibrinogen was unchanged during MB plus red light treatment, but a light‐dose‐dependent decrease of the concentration of functional fibrinogen was found. The initial release rate of fibrinopeptide A was slightly increased after MB plus red light treatment. Turbidity measurements of fibrin gel showed prolonged clotting time, lower fibrin fiber mass‐to‐length ratio, and slightly smaller fiber diameter. At a given clotting time, a gel with lower fibrin fiber mass‐to‐length ratio was produced. Clot stability and fibrinolysis remained normal.
l ‐Histidine added to plasma before MB plus red light treatment normalized the thrombin‐induced coagulation time in a dose‐dependent way. CONCLUSION : MB plus red light treatment affected the polymerization and gelation phase of fibrin. A tighter fibrin gel structure was formed. No effect on stabilization of fibrin clot or fibrinolysis was found.
Low frequency of observed anti‐HLA among transfused preterm infants
Authors: Ishibashi Naohisa , Ohto Hitoshi , Ujiie Niro , Ariga Hiromichi , Ishii Tsutomu , Suzuki Hitoshi 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Although low‐birth‐weight infants (LBWI) often receive multiple transfusions, there is controversial information on their development of antibodies against WBCs or platelets. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : A total of 52 LBWI with birth weights less than 1500 g were randomly assigned to receive either RBCs that had been WBC‐ reduced (n = 25) or nonfiltered blood (n = 27). Serum samples collected from 37 infants at 3 months of age and from 30 children when they were 5 to 11 years old were tested. Anti‐HLA was assayed with an anti‐human globulin‐augmented lymphocytotoxicity test against a panel consisting of 13 lymphocytes and against parental cells. RESULTS : None of 52 transfused LBWI of either group developed anti‐HLA (95% CI, 0%‐6.8% for overall, 0%‐13.7% for the WBC‐reduced group, and 0%‐12.7% for the nonfiltered group). CONCLUSION : Multiply transfused LBWI rarely produced antibodies to HLA of blood donors and to noninherited maternal antigens. The benefits of WBC reduction to prevent HLA alloimmunization during infancy were not supported by this study and need further investigation.
A lack of serologic evidence of transmission of Chlamydia pneumoniae by transfusion of buffy coat‐depleted RBCs
Authors: Hedin Göran , Eriksson Iréne , Kumlin Urban , Boman Jens 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND
: Recent studies have shown that a high percentage of blood donors harbor
Chlamydia pneumoniae
DNA and antigens within their PBMNCs. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether recipients of RBC transfusions who were seronegative for
C. pneumoniae before transfusion showed any evidence of seroconversion after transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
: Patients who were possible recipients of RBC transfusion and negative in a screen test for IgG antibodies against
C. pneumoniae at the time of blood group determination were candidates to be included in the study. The patients were contacted 3.0 to 3.5 months after the blood group determination, and those who accepted to participate agreed that another venous blood sample could be taken. RESULTS
: Among the patients who participated, 53 had become recipients of RBC transfusion (transfused group), and 51 later did not receive any RBC transfusion (control group). No significant change was found in IgG titer against
C. pneumoniae between the first and the second sample from the same patient, in either the transfused group or the control group. CONCLUSION
: In our study, which was limited to 53 seronegative recipients of RBC units from seropositive donors, we found no serologic evidence that
C. pneumoniae could be transmitted by RBC transfusion.
The effect of exposing murine splenocytes to UVB light, psoralen plus UVA light, or γ‐irradiation on in vitro and in vivo immune responses
Authors: Fast Loren D. 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : WBCs in blood components are a major factor contributing to immune responses such as GVHD and alloimmunization that follow transfusion. Irradiation of blood components has been used to regulate the contribution of donor WBCs to these immune responses. A systematic comparison of how the exposure of lymphoid cells to γ‐irradiation, UVB light, or psoralen + UVA light (PUVA) effects immune response was conducted to better define the best type of irradiation to be used in different clinical settings. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Murine spleen cells were irradiated with varying doses and tested for their in vitro ability to be activated, to proliferate in response to mitogen or allogeneic stimulator cells, or to serve as stimulator cells. Irradiated donor cells were also tested for in vivo generation of GVHD, induction of alloantibody production, induction of restricted cytolytic T lymphocytes, and persistence of irradiated cells. RESULTS : In general, increasing amounts of irradiation resulted in increased inhibition of in vitro and in vivo responses, although the doses required for inhibition differed from assay to assay. In contrast, irradiation of donor cells did not always result in inhibition of recipient alloantibody responses but was dependent on the donor‐recipient combination that was studied. CONCLUSION : Control of the in vivo outcomes of transfusing allogeneic cells is regulated by the type and dose of irradiation used and by the genotype of the donor and/or recipient.
Transcription starting from an alternative promoter leads to the expression of the human ABO histo‐blood group antigen
Authors: Hata Yukiko , Kominato Yoshihiko , Takizawa Hisao , Tabata Sachiyo , Michino Junko , Nishino Kazuma , Yasumura Satoshi , Yamamoto Fumiichiro 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND
: Using the 5′‐rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique with the ex vivo culture of AC133
–CD34+ cells, a transcription start site was recently identified approximately 0.7 kb upstream from the transcription start sites previously determined. The transcripts from the alternative starting exon 1a were demonstrated in the cells of both erythroid and epithelial lineages. Because the nucleotide sequence of exon 1a does not contain an ATG codon, we examined whether transcription starting from exon 1a leads to production of a functional glycosyltransferase. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Stable transfection experiments into the human gastric cancer MKN28 cells were performed using the various A transferase expression plasmids. RESULTS : Large amounts of A antigens were demonstrated on the cells transfected with the A transferase expression plasmid containing the entire cDNA from exon 1a or the 5′‐truncated cDNA leading to the production of the N‐truncated protein with deletion of the cytoplasmic tail and a portion of the transmembrane domain. However, negligible amounts of A antigens were observed on the cells transfected with the A transferase expression plasmids containing the 5′‐truncated cDNA leading to the production of the N‐truncated proteins without the cytoplasmic tail and the transmembrane domain. CONCLUSION : This study suggests that a functional A transferase could be produced by the transcription from exon 1a.
Short‐term liquid storage of umbilical cord blood
Authors: Hubel Allison , Carlquist Dale , Clay Mary , McCullough Jeffrey 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Processing and banking of umbilical cord blood requires the development of methods for short‐term liquid storage. This study examines the conditions (temperature, time, and storage solution) for optimal storage of cord blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Cord blood obtained from normal donors was collected and divided into aliquots. Some of the aliquots were supplemented with a storage solution and undiluted cord blood was used as a control. MNC counts, percentage of cells that are CD34+45+, frequency of CFU‐GM, and solution pH were monitored for up to 72 hours in storage at 4°C and room temperature. RESULTS : MNC counts, CD34+45+ cell recovery, and frequency of CFU‐GM were all improved in samples diluted with a storage medium when compared to undiluted controls. MNC counts were higher when cells were stored at 4°C. MNC counts and the frequency of CFU‐GM were reduced at 72 hours when compared with 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS : These results indicate that the recovery of cells from cord blood can be improved if samples are stored using a storage solution for 24 hours without significant cell losses. Some of the solutions determined to be effective in maintaining viability are approved for human applications, although not specifically cord blood preservation.
G‐CSF‐induced spleen size changes in peripheral blood progenitor cell donors
Authors: Stroncek David , Shawker Thomas , Follmann Dean , Leitman Susan F. 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : PBPC donors given G‐CSF experience splenic enlargement and, rarely, spontaneous rupture of the spleen. This study evaluated the incidence and time course of splenic enlargement in PBPC concentrate donors and assessed factors affecting size changes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Twenty healthy adults were given G‐CSF (10 μg/kg/day) for 5 days and a PBPC concentrate was collected by apheresis. Ultrasound was used to assess craniocaudal spleen length before giving G‐CSF, on the day of apheresis and 3 or 4 days after apheresis. The effects of donor age, gender, race, and changes in blood chemistries, blood counts, and CD34+ cell counts on spleen length change were assessed. RESULTS : Spleen length increased in 19 of 20 donors. Mean length changed from 10.9 ± 2.0 cm before G‐CSF to 12.3 ± 2.1 cm on the day of apheresis (p < 0.001). The mean increase in length was 1.5 ± 0.9 cm or 13.8 ± 9.1 percent. Spleen length increased 20 percent or more in six subjects. The spleen length fell to 11.3 ± 1.8 cm (p < 0.001) 3 or 4 days after apheresis, but it remained greater than baseline levels (p = 0.03). Spleen length change was not affected by donor gender, race, or age. There was no relationship between changes in spleen length and 1) baseline and apheresis‐day blood counts and chemistries, or 2) changes in blood counts and chemistries. CONCLUSIONS : Spleen size increases in almost all PBPC donors. Enlargement is transient but may be marked in some donors and may place them at risk for splenic rupture.
Plasma and lipids from stored platelets cause acute lung injury in an animal model
Authors: Silliman Christopher C. , Bjornsen A. Jason , Wyman Travis H. , Kelher Marguerite , Allard Jenny , Bieber Sarah , Voelkel Norbert F. 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Transfusion of PLT concentrates may cause TRALI, a life‐threatening reaction that has been linked to the infusion of anti‐WBC immunoglobulins or older, stored PLTs that contain bioactive lipids. We hypothesize that lipids generated during storage of PLTs cause TRALI in a two‐event animal model. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
: Plasma from both whole‐blood PLTs (WB‐PLTs) and apheresis PLTs (A‐PLTs) was isolated on Day 0 (D.0) and Day 5 (D.5) of storage and heat‐treated before use. Rats were pretreated with saline or 2 mg per kg endotoxin (LPS), anesthetized, and the lungs were ventilated, isolated, and perfused with saline or 5‐percent PLT plasma. Pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary edema, and leukotriene B
4 levels (perfusate) were measured. RESULTS
: Plasma from D.5, but not D.0, of the identical WB‐PLT and A‐PLT units caused injury in lungs from LPS‐pretreated rats (LPS/D.5) evidenced by increases in pulmonary edema and leukotriene B
4 (p < 0.05). Lipid extracts and purified lipids from D.5 PLT plasma also elicited injury in lungs from LPS‐pretreated rats (p < 0.05). Saline/D.5 plasma or lipids or LPS/D.0 did not cause pulmonary edema. Prestorage WBC reduction was ineffective in inhibiting TRALI. CONCLUSION : PLT‐induced TRALI may be the result of two events: 1) the clinical condition of the patient and 2) the infusion of lipids in stored PLTs.
Analysis of voluntary blood donors with biologic false reactivity on chemiluminescent immunoassays and implications for donor management
Authors: Kiely Philip , Stewart Yvonne , Castro Lea 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : Biologic false‐reactive (BFR) results in blood donors are problematic due to both component loss and donor‐management issues. This report analyzes the results of a longitudinal study of BFR donors and the implications for donor management. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Donors who gave BFR results on HBsAg, HIV‐1/HIV‐2, HCV, or HTLV‐I/HTLV/II chemiluminescent immunoassays (ChLIAs) (PRISM, Abbott) between May 1997 to March 1999 were analyzed. Donors were followed up for up to three donations after an index BFR episode. In addition, results of any negative donations before the index BFR result but within the study period were included in the analysis. RESULTS : For donors who gave an index BFR result on the HBsAg ChLIA, 14.3 percent remained BFR at subsequent donations, whereas for the anti‐HIV‐1/HIV‐2, anti‐HCV, and anti‐HTLV‐I/HTLV‐II ChLIAs, the figures were 66.0, 77.4, and 71.6 percent, respectively. For donors who gave a second BFR result, the percentage who remained BFR at subsequent donations was 75.0, 80.6, 84.6, and 74.5 percent for the four assays, respectively. The rate at which negative repeat donors became BFR during the study period was 0.02, 0.07, 0.12, and 0.02 percent for the HBsAg, anti‐HIV‐1/HIV‐2, anti‐HCV, and anti‐HTLV‐I/HTLV‐II assays, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : Our results indicate that donors who give an index BFR result on the ChLIAs (PRISM, Abbott) should be allowed to continue donating because most donors with a HBsAg BFR result were negative at subsequent donations, and between 22.6 and 34.0 percent of those with BFR results on the HIV‐1/HIV‐2, HCV, or HTLV‐I/HTLV‐II assays gave subsequent negative donations. However, donors who give a second BFR result should be counseled and deferred because they were very unlikely to give subsequent negative results.
Developing a tracking system for coagulation factor concentrates in southern Ontario
Authors: Walker Irwin R. , Sek Julia T. , Almonte Theresa M. , Carruthers Julie B. , Chan Anthony K.C. , Pai Mohan K. , Thibault Alain A. , Heddle Nancy M. 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : In response to the transfusion‐ transmitted AIDS epidemic, Canadian authorities rec‐ ommended the development of tracking systems and improved reporting of adverse events. This study describes the development of a verifiable and comprehensive regional tracking system for coagulation factor concentrates. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : The Hamilton‐ Niagara Regional Hemophilia Program received distribution and utilization data from Canadian Blood Services, 26 regional hospitals, and 70 individuals with bleeding disorders on home‐based therapy. Purpose‐specific software, the Canadian Hemophilia Assessment and Resource Management System (CHARMS), was used to store, monitor, analyze, and validate data. RESULTS : During a 1‐year period (2001), all factor concentrates distributed in this region were accounted for. A higher proportion of FVIII and FIX concentrates (88 vs. 12%) was infused at home than in hospitals, and a higher proportion (63 vs. 28%) was used to prevent than to treat bleeds. During a period of shortage, a 5‐percent reduction in utilization of both FVIII and FIX concentrates was documented. One recall was managed swiftly and efficiently. Two patients reported allergic skin reactions. CONCLUSION : A verifiable tracking system has been developed that can provide ongoing data for both clinical and administrative purposes. Data collection from patients needs to be made more efficient and real‐time recording is an important future objective. Such a system can be instituted locally for less than 1.5 percent of the cost of the factor concentrate used.
Increasing blood availability by changing donation patterns
Authors: Schreiber George B. , Sanchez Ana M. , Glynn Simone A. , Wright David J. ,   Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND : There is a declining margin between US blood collections and transfusions. Donation patterns were examined to characterize returning first‐time donors and predict the impact on blood availability of decreasing the number of nonreturning donors. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : First‐time donors giving between 1991 and 1994 were followed for 3 to 6 years. The impact of decreasing the number of nonreturning donors in a 12‐month period was projected using the Poisson distribution to model the donation patterns of 539,063 donors who gave in 1995. Repeat donors were classified as “returning first‐time” (gave a first‐time donation within 12 months of their index donation), “established” (gave a repeat donation), and “inactive” (didn't donate in the 12 months before their index donation). RESULTS : A total of 49 percent of first‐time donors did not return within 6 years. Returning first‐time donors tended to be US born, white, and had more than a high school education. In 1995, 30 percent of donors were first time, 31 percent were established, 7 percent were returning first time, and 32 percent were inactive, giving 1.5, 2.4, 1.9, and 1.7 donations in 12 months, respectively. Reducing nonreturning donors by 5 percent could increase blood collections by 2.7 percent. Similarly, 15 or 25 percent reductions in nonreturns could increase collections by 8.6 or 16.0 percent, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : Most donors are not giving near the donation limit. A substantial increase in donations could be achieved by a relatively small decrease in donor nonreturn. Research is needed to understand why approximately half of first‐time donors donate only once.
DDAVP normalized the bleeding time in patients with congenital platelet TxA2 receptor abnormality
Authors: Fuse Ichiro , Higuchi Wataru , Mito Masao , Aizawa Yoshifusa 
Published: May 2003

BACKGROUND
: An Arg
60
‐to‐Leu mutation was found in the first cytoplasmic loop of the PLT TxA
2
receptor as a new congenital PLT disorder characterized by impaired responsiveness to TxA
2 . However, it has not been clarified whether DDAVP is effective in correcting the bleeding time (BT) in this PLT disorder. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
: DDAVP (0.4 μg/kg) was intravenously administered over 20 minutes in five patients with this PLT disorder, and template BT, PLT retention to glass beads, PLT aggregation, and a coagulation study were performed before and after the infusion of DDAVP. PLT TxA
2 synthesis defects (cyclo‐oxygenase deficiency, volunteers taking aspirin), thrombasthenia, and Bernard–Soulier syndrome were also included in this study. RESULTS
: The normalization of BT was found in all patients with this PLT disorder, and one of the patients successfully underwent oral surgical procedures with DDAVP as the only hemostatic agent. DDAVP was also efficacious in the TxA
2 synthesis defect but not in other disorders. FVIII coagulation activity, vWF antigen, and ristocetin cofactor significantly increased in all patients after DDAVP, but no changes were seen in the PLT retention rate and PLT aggregation study after DDAVP infusion. CONCLUSION
: DDAVP was effective in correcting BT in patients with impaired responsiveness to TxA
2
as well as impaired production of TxA
2.
Monitoring the Efficacy of Iodine‐131‐MIBG Therapy using Fluorine‐18‐FDG‐PET
Authors: Menzel C. , Graichen S. , Berner U. , Risse J. H. , Diehl M. , Döbert N. , Hamscho N. , Grünwald F. 
Published: May 2003

Summary: Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the potential of fluorine‐18 fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose positron emission tomography (18F‐FDG‐PET) for monitoring the efficacy of iodine‐131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I‐MIBG) therapy in neuroendocrine tumours.Methods: A total of seven 131I‐MIBG therapies with 3.7 to 10.2 GBq were carried out in three patients suffering respectively from a phaeochromocytoma, a paraganglioma and a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour of an unknown primary. The post‐therapeutic whole‐body scintigrams were compared with the results of six 18F‐FDG‐PET studies performed at the time of the therapies. One patient received three PET scans prior to each one of the MIBG therapies, and one patient was studied twice.Results: 18F‐FDG uptake in tumour sites seemed to correlate well with tumour differentiation, showing no uptake in one patient with a highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumour, and moderate‐to‐intense uptake in the two other patients with metastatic disease. Those tumour sites that had a simultaneous positive uptake in both the MIBG scintigram and the PET scan showed response to therapy as a continuous reduction in MIBG uptake over time. They also showed a qualitative decrease in FDG accumulation during the follow‐up. This was associated with a decrease in the mean and maximum standard uptake values of more than 50 % in some metastases, while the X‐ray computed tomography showed no decrease in tumour volume. Two patients revealed additional metastases that were unknown on the basis of prior diagnostic or therapeutic PET scans and radiological follow‐up.Conclusions: It may be concluded from these cases that 18F‐FDG‐PET is a valuable tool for an initial metabolic staging of neuroendocrine tumours prior to 131I‐MIBG therapy, as it can reveal tumour sites beyond the reach of radioisotope therapy. It may also be of importance in assessing therapeutic potential in those tumour sites that do show positive MIBG uptake.