bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Lipidomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Underlying Mechanisms of Taurine in the Alleviation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using the Aged Laying Hen Model
Authors: Yu Zhengwang , Cheng Manman , Luo Shimei , Wei Jingjing , Song Tieping , Gong Yanzhang , Zhou Zhongxin 
Published: November 2023

ScopeAged laying hen is recently suggested as a more attractive animal model than rodent for studying nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) of humans. This study aims to reveal effects and metabolic regulation mechanisms of taurine alleviating NAFLD by using the aged laying hen model.Methods and resultsLiver histomorphology and biochemical indices show 0.02% taurine effectively alleviated fat deposition and liver damage. Comparative liver lipidomics and gene expressions analyses reveal taurine promoted lipolysis, fatty acids oxidation, lipids transport, and reduced oxidative stress in liver. Furthermore, comparative serum metabolomics screen six core metabolites negatively correlated with NAFLD, including linoleic acid, gamma‐linolenic acid, pantothenate, L‐methionine, 2‐methylbutyroylcarnitine, L‐carnitine; and two core metabolites positively correlated with NAFLD, including lysophosphatidylcholine (14:0/0:0) and lysophosphatidylcholine (16:0/0:0). Metabolic pathway analysis reveals taurine mainly regulated linoleic acid metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, carnitine metabolism, pantothenic acid and coenzyme A biosynthesis metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism to up‐adjust levels of six negatively correlated metabolites and down‐adjust two positively correlated metabolites for alleviating NAFLD of aged hens.ConclusionThis study firstly reveals underlying metabolic mechanisms of taurine alleviating NAFLD using the aged hen model, thereby laying the foundation for taurine's application in the prevention of NAFLD in both human and poultry.
Effect of rock nonlinear mechanical behavior on plastic zone around deeply buried tunnel: An efficient semi‐analytical solution
Authors: Xiao Yingming , Qiao Yafei , He Manchao , Peng Menglong , Zhu Chun 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdopting the novel proposed unified strain‐hardening and strain‐softening (UHS) model and finite difference method, an efficient semi‐analytical solution is proposed to study the influence of the nonlinear behavior of rock on ground reaction. The proposed solution eliminates stress vibrations of the classical method that occurred in the strain‐hardening zone, because it judges the elastic or plastic state of the calculation nodes before calculating the ground reaction; compared with the iterative solution, the proposed solution avoids iteratively solving for the plastic internal variables at each calculated node, resulting in that its computational efficiency is improved by more than 10 times. The proposed solution was verified by comparing it with the iterative solution, and numerical solution. Moreover, the effects of initial yield strength, peak strength, residual strength, and supporting pressure on ground reaction after tunnel excavation are studied. The results show that increasing the initial yield strength and residual strength will obviously decrease the plastic zone (PZ) and sub‐zones. The peak strength of rock has limited influence on the radius of PZ, which mainly adjusts the ratio of each sub‐zone in PZ. In addition, increasing the support pressure is an effective means to control the radius of PZ and sub‐zones in deep buried tunnels.
Two‐dimensional Ti3C2Tx (MXene)‐multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced ethyl methyl acrylate/ethylene octene copolymer binary blend hybrid nanocomposites with enhanced thermal and dielectric properties
Authors: Malik Rajasmita , Parida R. K. , Parida B. N. , Nayak Nimai C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPolymer composites with high dielectric constant and minimal dielectric losses have wide ranging prospects for advanced applications in the flexible electronics and electrical industry. In this study, we used the advantages of carbonaceous hybrid nanofillers to develop a flexible dielectric material. Herein, a set of hybrid nanocomposites were successfully fabricated by incorporating the Ti3C2Tx (MXene) and MWCNTs (multi‐walled carbon nanotubes) hybrid mixture as the conductive moiety into the poly(ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate) (EMA)/ethylene‐octene co‐polymer (EOC) binary blend as the matrices using solution mixing technique followed by compression molding. As prepared, EMA/EOC/Ti3C2Tx/MWCNTs hybrid composites have been characterized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, XRD (X‐ray diffraction), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). We studied the effects of Ti3C2Tx and MWCNTs contents in the hybrid composites on the thermal, dielectric, and electrical properties. Among all the 15 wt% hybrid mixture containing 2 wt% MWCNTs loaded composite has the highest dielectric constant (ℇr = 122.21) and the lowest dissipation loss (tan δ = 0.030) at 100 Hz. The present studies recommend the EMA/EOC/Ti3C2Tx/MWCNTs hybrid composites can be used in smart and flexible electronic storage material.Highlights
EMA‐EOC blend composites with hybrid Ti3C2Tx/MWCNTs were processed.
2.5 wt% MWCNTs loaded hybrid composite shows excellent thermal stability.
Composite with 2 wt% MWCNTs has ℇ' = 122.21 and tanδ = 0.03 at 100 Hz.
2.5 wt% MWCNTs composite has electrical conductivity of 3.26 × 10−8 Ω−1 m−1.
This composite can be used in smart and flexible electronic storage material.
Nowcasting convective activity for the Sahel: A simple probabilistic approach using real‐time and historical satellite data on cloud‐top temperature
Authors: Anderson Seonaid R. , Cole Steven J. , Klein Cornelia , Taylor Christopher M. , Diop Cheikh Abdoulahat , Kamara Mouhamadou 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlash flooding from intense rainfall frequently results in major damage and loss of life across Africa. In the Sahel, automatic prediction and warning systems for these events, driven by Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs), are limited, and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) forecasts continue to have little skill. The ground observation network is also sparse, and very few operational meteorological radars exist to facilitate conventional nowcasting approaches. Focusing on the western Sahel, we present a novel approach for producing probabilistic nowcasts of convective activity out to six hours ahead, using the current location of observed convection. Convective parts of the MCS, associated with extreme and heavy precipitation, are identified from 16 years of Meteosat Second Generation thermal–infrared cloud‐top temperature data, and an offline database of location‐conditioned probabilities calculated. From this database, real‐time nowcasts can be quickly produced with minimal calculation. The nowcasts give the probability of convection occurring within a square neighbourhood surrounding each grid point, accounting for the inherent unpredictability of convection at small scales. Compared to a climatological reference, formal verification approaches show the nowcasts to be skilful at predicting convective activity over the study region, for all times of day and out to the six‐hour lead time considered. The nowcasts are also skilful at capturing extreme 24‐hour rain gauge accumulations over Dakar, Senegal. The nowcast skill peaks in the afternoon, with a minimum in the evening. We find that the optimum neighbourhood size varies with lead time, from 10 km at the nowcast origin to around 100 km at a six‐hour lead time. This simple and skilful nowcasting method could be highly valuable for operational warnings across West Africa and other regions with long‐lived thunderstorms, and help to reduce the impacts from heavy rainfall and flooding.
Exploring the Advantages of Layout Procedure with Fully‐Connected Quantum Computing Technologies
Authors: Russo Andrea , Simoni Mario , Volpe Deborah , Cirillo Giovanni A. , Graziano Mariagrazia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractEven though quantum algorithms are designed using an idealised high‐level quantum circuit description, the execution on real devices must consider the backend physical properties. Contemporary noisy intermediate‐scale quantum (NISQ) computers are characterized by limited inter‐qubit connectivity and an exclusive set of native gates, whose execution is affected by non‐negligible errors and non‐idealities. Quantum compilation, consisting of logic and layout synthesis, aims to recast the original circuit description to the target hardware by solving the coupling‐constraint and to minimize the execution time and the error rate. While a previous article addresses the first phase, the second one is the aim of this manuscript. Currently available layout tools mainly target superconducting technology. This article tries to match the unmet need for a layout synthesis library supporting a wider range of technologies. The most promising algorithms already present in the state of the art are adapted to extend the compatibility to all the supported technologies, and new approaches, which exploit the awareness of the coupling strength in fully‐connected topologies, are proposed. The integrated procedures are benchmarked against IBM's Qiskit and Cambridge Quantum Computing's compilation toolchains, and even though these strategies can be further improved, the results are encouraging.
Exploring the Intersection of Brain–Computer Interfaces and Quantum Sensing: A Review of Research Progress and Future Trends
Authors: Liao Kun , Yang Zhaochu , Tao Dong , Zhao Libo , Pires Nuno , Dorao Carlos Alberto , Stokke Bjørn Torger , Roseng Lars Eric , Liu Wen , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBrain–computer interfaces (BCIs) can revolutionize how humans interact with technology, but several scientific and technological challenges must be addressed to realize their full potential. Recent developments in quantum‐based sensing methods offer promising solutions to some of these challenges. This review provides an overview of the progress, challenges, and prospects of BCIs research and discuss the feasibility of integrating quantum sensor technology in BCI systems. The applications of quantum sensing in BCIs research are reviewed and the solution based on quantum sensor technology to overcome some of the challenges associated with BCI systems is proposed. The potential of quantum sensor technology for the future development of BCIs is emphasized. Overall, this review highlights quantum sensor technology's significant potential for future development of BCI.
Ingenious Synergy of a Pathology‐Specific Biomimetic Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Targeted Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Xu Hong , Wang Yuemin , Rong Xiao , Wang Duan , Xie Jinwei , Huang Zeyu , Zeng Weinan , Fu Xiaoxue , Li Jianshu , Zhou Zongke 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBased on the pathological characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis, including the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory responses, and osteoclast differentiation, a biomimetic multifunctional nanomedicine (M‐M@I) is designed. Iguratimod (IGU) is loaded, which inhibits inflammatory responses and osteoclast differentiation, into mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA), which scavenges ROS. Subsequently, the nanoparticles are coated with a cell membrane of macrophages to achieve actively targeted delivery of the nanoparticles to inflamed joints. It is shown that the M‐M@I nanoparticles are taken up well by lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW 264.7 macrophages or bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs). In vitro, the M‐M@I nanoparticles effectively scavenge ROS, downregulate genes related to inflammation promotion and osteoclast differentiation, and reduce the proinflammatory cytokines and osteoclast‐related enzymes. They also reduce the polarization of macrophages to a pro‐inflammatory M1 phenotype and inhibit differentiation into osteoclasts. In mice with collagen‐induced arthritis, the M‐M@I nanoparticles accumulate at arthritic sites and circulate longer, significantly mitigating arthritis symptoms and bone destruction. These results suggest that the pathology‐specific biomimetic multifunctional nanoparticles are effective against rheumatoid arthritis, and they validate the approach of developing multifunctional therapies that target various pathological processes simultaneously.
Emerging optogenetics technologies in biomedical applications
Authors: Ren Haozhen , Cheng Yi , Wen Gaolin , Wang Jinglin , Zhou Min 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOptogenetics is a cutting‐edge technology that merges light control and genetics to achieve targeted control of tissue cells. Compared to traditional methods, optogenetics offers several advantages in terms of time and space precision, accuracy, and reduced damage to the research object. Currently, optogenetics is primarily used in pathway research, drug screening, gene expression regulation, and the stimulation of molecule release to treat various diseases. The selection of light‐sensitive proteins is the most crucial aspect of optogenetic technology; structural changes occur or downstream channels are activated to achieve signal transmission or factor release, allowing efficient and controllable disease treatment. In this review, we examine the extensive research conducted in the field of biomedicine concerning optogenetics, including the selection of light‐sensitive proteins, the study of carriers and delivery devices, and the application of disease treatment. Additionally, we offer critical insights and future implications of optogenetics in the realm of clinical medicine.
Holographic CFTs on AdSd × Sn and conformal defects
Authors: Ghodsi Ahmad , Kiritsis Elias , Nitti Francesco 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
We consider (d+n+1)-dimensional solutions of Einstein gravity with constant negative curvature. Regular solutions of this type are expected to be dual to the ground states of (d + n)-dimensional holographic CFTs on AdSd × Sn. Their only dimensionless parameter is the ratio of radii of curvatures of AdSd and Sn. The same solutions may also be dual to (d − 1)-dimensional conformal defects in holographic QFTd+n. We solve the gravity equations with an associated conifold ansatz, and we classify all solutions both singular and regular by a combination of analytical and numerical techniques. There are no solutions, regular or singular, with two boundaries along the holographic direction. Out of the infinite class of regular solutions, only one is diffeomorphic to AdSd+n+1 and another to AdSd × AdSn+1. For the regular solutions, we compute the on-shell action as a function of the relevant parameters.
Theory dependence of black hole interior reconstruction and the extended strong subadditivity
Authors: Kashyap Sitender Pratap , Pius Roji , Ramchander Manish 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An AdS eternal black hole in equilibrium with a finite temperature bath presents a Hawking-like information paradox due to a continuous exchange of radiation with the bath. The non-perturbative gravitational effect, the replica wormhole, cures this paradox by introducing a non-trivial entanglement wedge for the bath after Page time. In this paper, we analyse the theory dependence of this non-perturbative effect by randomising the boundary conditions of some of the bulk matter fields. We explicitly analyse this in JT gravity by introducing a matter CFT in the AdS region with random boundary conditions at the AdS boundary that are drawn from a distribution. Using the island formula and the extended strong subadditivity due to Carlen and Lieb, we show that at late times the black hole interior is contained inside the entanglement wedge of a reference Hilbert space that encodes the information about the random boundary conditions. Consequently, the reconstruction of the black hole interior from the radiation, in particular the region near the singularity, requires a detailed knowledge of the theory.
On Discrete Groups of Euclidean Isometries: Representation Theory, Harmonic Analysis and Splitting Properties
Authors: Schmidt Bernd , Steinbach Martin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe study structural properties and the harmonic analysis of discrete subgroups of the Euclidean group. In particular, we 1. obtain an efficient description of their dual space, 2. develop Fourier analysis methods for periodic mappings on them, and 3. prove a Schur-Zassenhaus type splitting result.
Causal relationship between psychiatric traits and temporomandibular disorders: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiang Yulin , Song Jukun , Liang Ying , Sun Jiaxin , Zheng Zhijun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study was to investigate the causal relationship between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and psychiatric disorders by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Materials and methods
A two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was adopted to systematically explore the causal relationship between TMD and eight psychiatric traits, including anxiety disorder (AD), panic disorder (PD), major depressive disorder (MDD), neuroticism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BIP), and schizophrenia (SCZ). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression were used in my study. Furthermore, we also performed three sensitivity analyses to illustrate the reliability of the analysis.

Results
Two psychiatric traits have risk effects on TMD: PD (OR = 1.118, 95% CI: 1.047–1.194, P = 8.161 × 10−4, MDD (OR = 1.961, 95% CI: 1.450–2.653, P = 1.230 × 10−5). Despite not surpassing the strict Bonferroni correction applied (P > 0.00625), we could think that there was a suggestive causal effect of neuroticism and SCZ increasing the risk of TMD. On the reverse MR analysis, we found no significant evidence of causal effects of TMD on these psychiatric traits. Except for heterogeneity in the causal analysis for SCZ on TMD, no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were detected in the other analyses.

Conclusions
Our two-sample MR study has provided further evidence of PD and MDD being related to a higher risk of TMD.

Clinical relevance
These findings highlight the importance of closely monitoring mental traits during future TMD treatments to prevent an increased risk of TMD.
Circulating autoantibodies to alpha-enolase (ENO1) and far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) are negative prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer patient survival
Authors: Curcio Claudia , Rosso Tiziana , Brugiapaglia Silvia , Guadagnin Giorgia , Giordano Daniele , Castellino Bruno , Satolli Maria Antonietta , Spadi Rosella , Campra Donata , Moro Francesco , Papotti Mauro Giulio , Bertero Luca , Cassoni Paola , De Angelis Claudio , Langella Serena , Ferrero Alessandro , Armentano Serena , Bellotti Giovanna , Fenocchio Elisabetta , Nuzzo Annamaria , Ciccone Giovannino , Novelli Francesco 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has a dismal prognosis due to a lack of early diagnostic markers and effective therapy. In PDA patients, the glycolytic enzyme and plasminogen receptor alpha-enolase (ENO1) and the transcription factor far upstream element-binding protein 1 (FUBP1) are upregulated and elicit the production of autoantibodies (aAb) that discriminate healthy subjects from PDA patients, with the latter mostly directed to post-translational phosphorylated isoforms. Here, the correlation of prognosis with circulating ENO1 and FUBP1aAb, and their protein tissue expression was analyzed in PDA patients. Circulating ENO1 and FUBP1 aAb was analyzed in two cohorts of PDA patients by ELISA (n = 470), while tissues expression was observed by immunohistochemistry (n = 45). Overall survival (OS) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, while the Cox model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for the main prognostic factors. Logistic models were applied to assess associations between death and its risk indicators. All statistical analyses were performed with Stata version 15. Unlike ENO1 aAb, there was a significant correlation between FUBP1 aAb and FUBP1 expression in tumors (p = 0.0268). In addition, we found that high ENO1 (p = 0.016) and intermediate FUBP1 aAb levels (p = 0.013) were unfavorable prognostic factors. Notably, it was found that high anti-FUBP1 aAb level is a good prognostic marker for tail-body PDA (p = 0.016). Our results suggest that different levels of circulating aAb to ENO1 and FUBP1 predict a poor outcome in PDA patients and can be used to improve therapeutic strategies.
Weight-loss Independent Clinical and Metabolic Biomarkers Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Remission Post-bariatric/metabolic Surgery
Authors: Chaiyasoot Kusuma , Sakai Naomi S. , Zakeri Roxanna , Makaronidis Janine , Crisóstomo Luís , Alves Marco G. , Gan Wei , Firman Chloe , Jassil Friedrich C. , Hall-Craggs Margaret A. , Taylor Stuart A. , Batterham Rachel L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be achieved by many, but not all, people following bariatric/metabolic surgery. The mechanisms underlying T2D remission remain incompletely understood. This observational study aimed to identify novel weight-loss independent clinical, metabolic and genetic factors that associate with T2D remission using comprehensive phenotyping.

Materials and Methods
Ten patients without T2D remission (non-remitters) were matched to 10 patients with T2D remission (remitters) for age, sex, type of surgery, body weight, BMI, post-operative weight loss, duration from surgery and duration of T2D. Detailed body composition assessed using magnetic resonance imaging, gut hormones, serum metabolomics, insulin sensitivity, and genetic risk scores for T2D and anthropometric traits were assessed.

Results
Remitters had significantly greater β-cell function and circulating acyl ghrelin levels, but lower visceral adipose tissue (VAT): subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) ratio than non-remitters. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and VLDL particle size were the most discriminant metabolites between groups. A significant positive correlation between, VAT area, VAT:SAT ratio and circulating levels of BCAAs was observed, whereas a significant negative correlation between BCAAs and β-cell function was revealed.

Conclusion
We highlight a potentially novel relationship between VAT and BCAAs, which may play a role in glucoregulatory control. Improvement in β-cell function, and the role ghrelin plays in its recovery, is likely another key factor influencing T2D remission post-surgery. These findings suggest that adjunctive approaches that target VAT loss and restoration of BCAA metabolism might achieve higher rates of long-term T2D remission post-surgery.

Graphical Abstract