bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of plant disease resistance by mixed oligosaccharide elicitors prepared from plant cell wall and crustacean shells
Authors: Pring Sreynich , Kato Hiroaki , Imano Sayaka , Camagna Maurizio , Tanaka Aiko , Kimoto Hisashi , Chen Pengru , Shrotri Abhijit , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Fukuoka Atsushi , Saito Makoto , Suzuki Takamasa , Terauchi Ryohei , Sato Ikuo , Chiba Sotaro , Takemoto Daigo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBasal plant immune responses are activated by the recognition of conserved microbe‐associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), or breakdown molecules released from the plants after damage by pathogen penetration, so‐called damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). While chitin‐oligosaccharide (CHOS), a primary component of fungal cell walls, is most known as MAMP, plant cell wall‐derived oligosaccharides, cello‐oligosaccharides (COS) from cellulose, and xylo‐oligosaccharide (XOS) from hemicellulose are representative DAMPs. In this study, elicitor activities of COS prepared from cotton linters, XOS prepared from corn cobs, and chitin‐oligosaccharide (CHOS) from crustacean shells were comparatively investigated. In Arabidopsis, COS, XOS, or CHOS treatment triggered typical defense responses such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, phosphorylation of MAP kinases, callose deposition, and activation of the defense‐related transcription factor WRKY33 promoter. When COS, XOS, and CHOS were used at concentrations with similar activity in inducing ROS production and callose depositions, CHOS was particularly potent in activating the MAPK kinases and WRKY33 promoters. Among the COS and XOS with different degrees of polymerization, cellotriose and xylotetraose showed the highest activity for the activation of WRKY33 promoter. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of RNAseq data revealed that simultaneous treatment of COS, XOS, and CHOS (oligo‐mix) effectively activates plant disease resistance. In practice, treatment with the oligo‐mix enhanced the resistance of tomato to powdery mildew, but plant growth was not inhibited but rather tended to be promoted, providing evidence that treatment with the oligo‐mix has beneficial effects on improving disease resistance in plants, making them a promising class of compounds for practical application.
Thermal Sensation After the 10-km Open-Water Swimming in Cool Water Depends on the Skin’s Thermal Sensitivity Rather Than Core Temperature
Authors: Fujimoto Tomomi , Matsuura Yuiko , Baba Yasuhiro , Hara Reira 
Published: October 2023

Purpose: To assess the core temperature fluctuations during 10-km open-water swimming (OWS) in cool water and the relationship between thermal sensation (TS) after 10-km OWS, core temperature, and local skin thermal sensitivity. Methods: Nine highly trained OWS swimmers (4 female; age 22 [3] y) completed a single 10-km trial in cool water (22.3 °C) wearing swimsuits for OWS. During the trial, core temperature was continuously recorded via ingestible temperature sensors, and TS after trial was also measured. Then, local skin warm/cool sensitivity was measured in the forearm. Results: All swimmers completed the 10-km OWS. Mean swimming speed for males and females were 1.39 (1.37–1.42 m/s) and 1.33 m/s (1.29–1.38 m/s), respectively. Core temperature increased in 8 out of 9 swimmers during 10-km OWS (P = .047), with an average increase of 0.8 °C. TS after 10-km OWS varied among swimmers. There were no correlations between post-OWS TS and post-OWS core temperature (P = .9333), whereas there was a negative correlation between post-OWS TS and local skin cool sensitivity (P = .0056). Conclusion: These results suggest that core temperature in elite swimmers might not decrease during 10-km OWS in the cool water temperature of official OWS. In addition, individual differences in TS after 10-km OWS may be related to skin cool sensitivity rather than core temperature.
On the virome’s hidden diversity: lessons from RHDV
Authors: Lopes Ana M. , Abrantes Joana 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Emerging infectious diseases are a major challenge to human and animal health. While predicting the emergence of pathogens is complex, the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies has allowed the rapid identification of unknown microbiology diversity within organisms. Here, we discuss an example of a metatranscriptomics output to decipher viral evolution.
Twenty-five metagenome-assembled genomes recovered from the gut microbiome of the domestic ferret,
Mustela putorius
Authors: Amundson Kaela K. , Wolfe Barbara A. , Wilkins Michael J. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
With the advent of metagenomics has come an increased appreciation for the gut microbiome’s role in overall health of mammalian organisms. Even so, studies characterizing taxonomic and functional diversity of the ferret gut microbiome remain limited. Here, we present 25 metagenome-assembled genomes recovered from the gut microbiome of domestic ferrets.
Relationship Between Community-Level Distress and Cardiac Rehabilitation Participation, Facility Access, and Clinical Outcomes After Inpatient Coronary Revascularization
Authors: Thompson Michael P. , Hou Hechuan , Stewart James W. , Pagani Francis D. , Hawkins Robert B. , Keteyian Steven J. , Sukul Devraj , Likosky Donald S. 
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although disparities in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participation are well documented, the role of community-level distress is poorly understood. This study evaluated the relationship between community-level distress and CR participation, access to CR facilities, and clinical outcomes.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on a 100% sample of Medicare beneficiaries undergoing inpatient coronary revascularization between July 2016 and December 2018. Community-level distress was defined using the Distressed Community Index quintile at the beneficiary zip code level, with the first and fifth quintiles representing prosperous and distressed communities, respectively. Outpatient claims were used to identify any CR use within 1 year of discharge. Beneficiary and CR facility zip codes were used to describe access to CR facilities. Adjusted logistic regression models evaluated the association between Distressed Community Index quintiles, CR use, and clinical outcomes, including one-year mortality, all-cause hospitalization, and acute myocardial infarction hospitalization.

RESULTS:

A total of 414 730 beneficiaries were identified, with 96 929 (23.4%) located in the first and 67 900 (16.4%) in the fifth quintiles, respectively. Any CR use was lower for beneficiaries in distressed compared with prosperous communities (26.0% versus 46.1%,
P
<0.001), which was significant after multivariable adjustment (odds ratio, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.40–0.42]). A total of 98 458 (23.7%) beneficiaries had a CR facility within their zip code, which increased from 16.3% in prosperous communities to 26.6% in distressed communities. Any CR use was associated with absolute reductions in mortality (−6.8% [95% CI, −7.0% to −6.7%]), all-cause hospitalization (−5.9% [95% CI, −6.3% to −5.6%]), and acute myocardial infarction hospitalization (−1.3% [95% CI, −1.5% to −1.1%]), which were similar across each Distressed Community Index quintiles.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although community-level distress was associated with lower CR participation, the clinical benefits were universally received. Addressing barriers to CR in distressed communities should be considered a significant priority to improve survival after coronary revascularization and reduce disparities.
Proportionality and Moral Blameworthiness in Ongwen’s icc Sentencing Decision
Authors: Sorvatzioti Demetra Fr. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The icc’s legal framework combines continental and common law features. The sentencing regime provides for a separate hearing process unknown to the continentals. The principle of proportionality governs sentencing determination. Proportionality is met by analysing gravity and moral blameworthiness. In Ongwen, the icc should address his moral blameworthiness by considering his unique dual status as a former abducted child soldier and perpetrator, the expert evidence regarding the lra and the Acholi culture and history. The Court sentenced Ongwen in a rather formal traditional continental way. However, conviction is not the icc’s ultimatum, and sentencing should not be a pure side effect of conviction. When the icc tries cases of non-western peoples, it is essential to express its understanding and respect for diversity. By addressing cultural, social, and historical aspects of the case and the offender as part of the sentencing reasoning, the icc performs the balancing process needed for proportionality.
Agriculture in al-Yamāma during the Abbasid Period*
Authors: AlSaif Abdullah Muhammad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Agriculture is a sine qua non for human societies as it provides the food that people need to live. This article will examine the state of agriculture in the region of al-Yamāma in central Arabia during the Abbasid period. It begins with a consideration of the factors affecting agriculture, including some that are uniquely important in the central Arabian context. Attention then turns to a discussion of land holdings and land grants, methods of irrigation, the different types of agriculture, and the crops cultivated. Dates are seen to be the most important agricultural commodity, followed closely by grains. Much less information is available regarding fruits and vegetables. The article relies solely on primary Arabic sources.
A New Pottery Collection from Jabal Dādān (al-Khurayba) in al-ʿUlā
Authors: Alghazzi Abdulaziz S. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This article discusses a group of outstanding pottery fragments from the summit of Jabal Dādān (al-Khurayba) at al-ʿUlā in Saudi Arabia. The importance of these fragments comes from the absence of published material from the Dādān site, the lack of color-decorated ceramic vessels among the published material, and the diversity in the bases and shapes of the vessels. Comparative studies indicate that this collection falls within the group of colored pottery from northwestern Saudi Arabia, generally dated to between the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 1st millennium bce. The collection appears similar to the Taymāʾ pottery in a number of decorative elements, such as: the chessboard element. These collections indicate that al-Khurayba was in contact with several sites within Saudi Arabia, such as the sites of Taymāʾ and Qurayya in the northwest, and the sites of al-Sīḥ and al-Banna in the center, as well as sites elsewhere in the Arabian Peninsula, such as the al-Muwayliḥ site in the United Arab Emirates, and sites outside the Arabian Peninsula, including Tall al-Khalīfa in the Levant.
Association of cerebrospinal fluid CD4+/CD8+Ratio with 60-day functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Zhu Chunying , Li Wei , Zhang Yingfu , Qianqian Li  , Wang Huan 
Published: October 2023

Background: The immune inflammatory reaction has vital function in pathologic mechanism of critical intracerebral hemorrhage. It recently has been reported that CD4/CD8 ratio may represent a novel composite immune inflammatory marker to predict prognosis of critical intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Nevertheless, as for considering the effects of surgical evacuation upon initiation of immune inflammatory reactions, the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CD4/CD8 ratio and 60-day functional outcome of patients with critical ICH after surgery has not been investigated. Present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value concerning postoperative complement system and immunoglobulin, paired cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, as well as inflammation index before and after the operations upon the 60-day prognosis of patients with ICH. Methods: In total, 69 patients with acute critical ICH admitted in First Central Hospital of Baoding City from January to July in 2022 were prospectively enrolled. We recorded and analyzed the relevant clinical data. Laboratory parameters included postoperative lymphocyte subsets in paired cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood, inflammation index before and after operation. The associations between 60-day outcome and laboratory biomarkers were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Comparisons of predictive value regarding independent predictors was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: In total, 51 patients with critical ICH exhibited poor outcomes at 60 days, which was associated with fever after surgery, hernia before surgery, SAH and lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission and large hematoma volume, greater CD3T%CSF, greater CD4T%CSF, and greater CD4/CD8 ratioCSF. CD4/CD8ratio CSF showcased significant predictive power by comparing with other laboratorial variables (AUC = 0.6808; cut-off = 1.61; sensitivity = 80.39%; specificity = 61.11%; 95% CI: 0.5232–0.8385; p = .0233), which was found to correlated linearly with postoperative fever, first CSF test time, CD3T% CSF, CD4T% CSF, CD8T% CSF, NKCSF, CD3T%PB, CD8T%PB, CD4/CD8 ratioPB, and glucoseCSF. Poor outcome at 60 days linearly correlated with CD4/CD8ratioCSF after adjustments. In 3–5 days after surgery tested CSF lymphocyte subsets, CD4/CD8ratioCSF ≥1.61 was associated with a higher risk for 60-day poor outcome comparing with corresponding subgroups. Conclusions: In association of critical ICH patient prognosis, CSF CD4/CD8 ratio, especially in 3–5 days after surgery, exhibited potential independent predictive ability for 60-day functional outcomes of patients with critical ICH.
Using Machine Learning to Predict Nonachievement of Clinically Significant Outcomes After Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Alaiti Rafael Krasic , Vallio Caio Sain , Assunção Jorge Henrique , Andrade e Silva Fernando Brandão de , Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Neto Arnaldo Amado Ferreira , Malavolta Eduardo Angeli 
Published: October 2023

Background: Although some evidence suggests that machine learning algorithms may outperform classical statistical methods in prognosis prediction for several orthopaedic surgeries, to our knowledge, no study has yet used machine learning to predict patient-reported outcome measures after rotator cuff repair. Purpose: To determine whether machine learning algorithms using preoperative data can predict the nonachievement of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of disability at 2 years after rotator cuff surgical repair with a similar performance to that of other machine learning studies in the orthopaedic surgery literature. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We evaluated 474 patients (n = 500 shoulders) with rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair between January 2013 and April 2019. The study outcome was the difference between the preoperative and 24-month postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score. A cutoff score was calculated based on the established MCID of 15.2 points to separate success (higher than the cutoff) from failure (lower than the cutoff). Routinely collected imaging, clinical, and demographic data were used to train 8 machine learning algorithms (random forest classifier; light gradient boosting machine [LightGBM]; decision tree classifier; extra trees classifier; logistic regression; extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost]; k-nearest neighbors [KNN] classifier; and CatBoost classifier). We used a random sample of 70% of patients to train the algorithms, and 30% were left for performance assessment, simulating new data. The performance of the models was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results: The AUCs for all algorithms ranged from 0.58 to 0.68. The random forest classifier and LightGBM presented the highest AUC values (0.68 [95% CI, 0.48-0.79] and 0.67 [95% CI, 0.43-0.75], respectively) of the 8 machine learning algorithms. Most of the machine learning algorithms outperformed logistic regression (AUC, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.48-0.81]); nonetheless, their performance was lower than that of other machine learning studies in the orthopaedic surgery literature. Conclusion: Machine learning algorithms demonstrated some ability to predict the nonachievement of the MCID on the ASES 2 years after rotator cuff repair surgery.
Frailty as a predictor of adverse outcomes in burn patients: a systematic review
Authors: Shafiee Arman , Arabzadeh Bahri Razman , Rajai Shahryar , Ahoopai Mohammad , Seighali Niloofar , Amini Mohammad Javad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The identification of new prognostic tools for the prediction of burn patients’ morbidity outcomes is necessary. Considering the feasibility of frailty assessment in the clinical setting, we aim to systematically review the literature on the associations between frailty and adverse outcomes in burn patients.

Methods
Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE (through PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase from their inception up to 8 September 2022. Included studies were those that used frailty indices to predict adverse outcomes in burn patients. The quality assessment was done using the National, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) checklist. The results were synthesized narratively.

Results
We included 18 studies. The sample size among the included studies varied between 42–1615 patients. There were 12 research articles and 6 conference abstracts. Most of the studies were recently published in 2021 and 2022. Seven different frailty measures were evaluated. The following frailty measures were used: Canadian Study for Health and Ageing (CSHA) Clinical Frailty score (CFS), Modified frailty index-11 (mFI-11), Hospital frailty index, FRAIL scale, Emergency General Surgery Frailty Index (EGSFI), and Burn frailty index (BFI). There was only one report regarding a specific frailty index designed for the burn population (BFI). Except for one study (which used mFI-11), all included studies have shown a significant effect between assessing frailty and predicting worse outcomes. The CFS was an independent predictor of mortality among the burn population with high certainty of evidence. We found a significant association for other frailty indices as a predictor of mortality, however, the certainty of evidence regarding those was not high. Eight studies found a positive association between assessing frailty and unfavorable discharge location. There was no association between frailty and increased length of stay.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the postadmission assessment of frailty can be a reliable tool for predicting unfavorable outcomes and mortalities among patients with burn injuries. In addition, future studies with various populations from other countries are required to evaluate the efficacy of frailty indices measurement in order to strengthen the available evidence.
Contextualizing the results of an integrative review on the characteristics of dementia-friendly hospitals: a workshop with professional dementia experts
Authors: Manietta Christina , Purwins Daniel , Reinhard Anneke , Feige Melanie , Knecht Christiane , Alpers Birgit , Roes Martina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
To become a dementia-friendly hospital (DFH) is increasingly being discussed in health care practice, research, politics and society. In our previous integrative review, we identified six characteristics of DFHs. To thoroughly discuss and contextualize these characteristics in relation to hospitals in Germany, we involved professional dementia experts in our review process.

Methods
At the end of our review process, we involved professional dementia experts at the ‘contributing’ level of the ACTIVE framework to discuss and reflect on the six DFH characteristics we identified. We conducted a group process in the form of a one-day workshop. The workshop consisted of four steps: 1. presentation of review results (input), 2. modification of DFH characteristics and rating of their relevance in smaller working groups, 3. discussion of group results in plenary and 4. questionnaire for prioritization and rating of feasibility. The data were analyzed in MAXQDA using content analysis and descriptive statistics.

Results
A total of 16 professional dementia experts working in hospitals participated in the workshop. All the previously identified characteristics of a DFH were rated as relevant or very relevant for patients with dementia, their relatives and health care professionals from the professional dementia experts’ perspective. They made a few modifications of the six characteristics at the level of subcategories, aspects, and descriptions. The feasibility of the characteristics in hospitals was critically discussed regarding resources, hospital structures and processes, the role of nurses, and the current care situation of people with dementia in hospitals. More than half of the subcategories of the characteristics were considered very difficult or difficult to implement by most professional dementia experts.

Conclusion
The involvement of professional dementia experts helped us contextualize our review findings within the German hospital setting. These results highlight the need to consider resources, funding options, influencing factors, and the current situation and culture of care provided by hospitals before implementing DFH characteristics. Beside the involvement of professional dementia experts and various health care professionals, the involvement of other stakeholders, such as people with dementia and their relatives, is necessary in future research for the development of a DFH.
Diabetic retinopathy: a comprehensive update on in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo experimental models
Authors: Sadikan Muhammad Zulfiqah , Abdul Nasir Nurul Alimah , Lambuk Lidawani , Mohamud Rohimah , Reshidan Nur Hidayah , Low Evon , Singar Saiful Anuar , Mohmad Sabere Awis Sukarni , Iezhitsa Igor , Agarwal Renu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, is one of the major microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). Globally, DR prevalence among DM patients is 25%, and 6% have vision-threatening problems among them. With the higher incidence of DM globally, more DR cases are expected to be seen in the future. In order to comprehend the pathophysiological mechanism of DR in humans and discover potential novel substances for the treatment of DR, investigations are typically conducted using various experimental models. Among the experimental models, in vivo models have contributed significantly to understanding DR pathogenesis. There are several types of in vivo models for DR research, which include chemical-induced, surgical-induced, diet-induced, and genetic models. Similarly, for the in vitro models, there are several cell types that are utilised in DR research, such as retinal endothelial cells, Müller cells, and glial cells. With the advancement of DR research, it is essential to have a comprehensive update on the various experimental models utilised to mimic DR environment. This review provides the update on the in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo models used in DR research, focusing on their features, advantages, and limitations.