bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusion
Authors: Kumar Udaya 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
IN the preceding chapters, I attempted to develop an argument about the textual organization of Ulysses and about some of the specific effects it generates. I began with an examination of the strategies of repetition used in the text and concluded with a reading of some ideas in Joyce’s aesthetic theory in the light of the notion of tradition that emerges in his work. In this chapter, I shall attempt to clarify this notion of tradition and differentiate it from another notion of tradition that one finds in the early modernist moment in English literature. To facilitate the beginning of this discussion, I shall return to some of the points elaborated in the earlier chapters. While discussing the two modes of repetition in Ulysses, we found the pervasive use of disruptive repetition at work in the novel, questioning identities and creating serial connections that cannot be easily totalized. We also found that these events of repetition as well as the large number of organizational patterns deployed by Joyce in Ulysses create asymmetries in the text that render a unilinear temporal synthesis impossible and present an experience of differential temporality. I also argued that the specific ways in which memory functions in Joyce further accentuate this problem. In our discussion of the sign, it was further pointed out that instead of a bipartite relationship, we find a third element, dynamic and temporal, uniting the signifier and the signified.
‘The Girl beside me’: V. Sackville-West and the Mystics
Authors: Raitt Suzanne 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Tm: best-selling novels of the early 1930s established Vita Sackville-West as one of the better-known novelists of her time. But it was not only to novels that she turned as the 1930s wore on and Europe watched with trepidation the tightening hold of Fascism on its peoples. Sackville-West’s response to the political tensions of the time was to draw back into her own concerns. She and Nicolson bought Sissinghurst Castle as a ruin in 1930, and on 16 October 1930, Vita Sackville-West spent her first night at Sissinghurst. She slept alone, in the tower where, in future, she would establish her writing room. This retreat to Sissinghurst, a withdrawal from London and social life, symbolized a tendency towards introversion that was linked to her growing preoccupation with religion and mysticism.
Introduction
Authors: Gasper Julia 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study concentrates on the religious-political aspect of Dekker’s work for the theatre. There have been two prevalent critical views of Dekker in the twentieth century. One is that his work is an expression of nascent bourgeois capitalism. That is an anachronistic view, even by Marxist standards, and its weaknesses are discussed in detail in Chapter 1. The second view is even more hostile, because it is patronizing: the idea that Dekker is gentle and tolerant, but na’ive and simple, a sort of good-natured village idiot grinning on a wall. In a rather hasty essay of 1936, which attributed to Dekker passages (in Patient Grissil) that are very probably by Chettle, Una Ellis-Fermor accused Dekker of lacking ‘a reasoned and coherent group of principles either moral or aesthetic’. It is strange that a writer of Dekker’s homiletic tendency should be called unprincipled. Yet the influence of this view has been very extensive, and it has never really been refuted.
Sex, Horror, Farce, and the Heroic Inclination in the Seventies
Authors: Hume Robert D 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
T he sixties saw the re-establishment of a vigorous theatre, the emergence of several promising playwrights, and the gradual development of new modes and vogues in the drama. The seventies were to see this new drama and its writers at their peak. Within the decade there are two broad patterns. In comedy, a great boom in sex seems to blow itself out late in the seventies. In serious drama, the rhymed heroic play enjoys its protracted vogue but gives way to other forms. At the outset of the new decade the writers engage in deliberate and vigorous debate about what sorts of plays ought to be written. But regardless of theory and noble prescriptions, sex, horror, and spectacle flourish in the next few years: both genteel comedy and the rhymed heroic play suffer accretions. Nonetheless, in the brief period 1675–7 Carolean drama reaches its greatest heights. Dryden, Shadwell, Etherege, Wycherley, Lee, and Otway are all at or near the peak of their powers, and each of them brings out at least one major play. After 1677, however, the onset of theatrical depression is quick and ruinous: the uproar attendant upon the Popish Plot and the following Exclusion Crisis drastically thins the playgoing audience. The King’s Company does not actually die until 1682, but competition and innovation had long since been stifled.
The Satirical Tradition in Medieval Latin
Authors: Blamires Alcuin , Pratt Karen , Marx C W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
To be ‘lettered’, in the Middle Ages, generally presupposed an education for a career in the Church. The language of the Church was Latin. Not surprisingly, amongst a readership of ‘clerks’ or clerici (those in, or intending, a career in the priesthood, which in theory was celibate), there was a continuous recycling of received misogyny. Some of this was probably done in a facetious spirit, seeking to upstage tradition. But one might also view it as a form of individual or group therapy in support of celibacy.
Vernacular Adaptations in the Later Middle Ages
Authors: Blamires Alcuin , Pratt Karen , Marx C W 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Because the distinction between Latin and vernacular culture in the Middle Ages was constantly blurred, it is rather artificial to compartmentalize them in separate chapters. Nevertheless, Christine de Pizan makes the point that one’s first steps in learning Latin could lead towards misogynistic indoctrination because of the inclusion of exemplary material on David, Samson, etc., alongside Ovid, in the elementary Latin curriculum. Since women were not often educated in Latin, there was therefore a sense in which Latin remained a linguistic enclave where antifeminism perpetuated itself and could be indulged with particular impunity, safe from female retort. Richard de Bury joked that women were justified in resenting books, full of antifeminist ‘secrets’ which, fortunately, they could not understand. However, it was often the Latin-trained ‘clerks’ who wrote in, or translated into, the vernacular, too. So despite their wider dissemination, vernacular writings from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries are not notable for being less abrasively or less voluminously antifeminist, though courtly romance could be considered a major sector of vernacular literature relatively positive about women.
Brief Lives and Miniatures: John Aubrey and Samuel Cooper
Authors: Wendorf Richard 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Aubrey wrote to his friend John Ray about the two miniatures that had been stolen from the Ashmolean in r 69 r, he received this reply from the famous naturalist: ‘Your picture done in miniature by Mr Cowper is a thing of great value. I remember so long agoe as I was in Italy, and while he was yet living, any piece of his was highly esteemed there: and for that kind of painting he was esteemed the best artist in Europe.’ Cooper’s enviable reputation among his contemporaries contrasts sharply with the relative neglect of- the prolific Aubrey, who published virtually nothing during his own lifetime. And yet it is precisely Aubrey’s habit of collecting biographical materials for others as well as his natural instinct to work ‘in little’ that makes a comparison between these two artists so interesting. Their decision to work outside the mainstream of seventeenth-century biography and portrait-painting enabled them to achieve naturalistic effects that anticipate a much more modern form of portraiture. We discover in the constricted formats of their portraits a fresh sense of enargeia, a further movement beyond the iconicism still to be found in the full-scale portraits of their contemporaries.
Introduction
Authors: Bruyn Frans De 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The progress of Edmund Burke ‘s career, in which political ambitions succeeded to, yet by no means displaced, literary aspirations, illustrates the problem that this book aims to explore, namely, the pervasively literary character of his political utterances. Burke came to London in 1750 reluctantly committed at his father ‘s behest to the study of the law, but the allure of the capital ‘s literary scene soon diverted him, as it had many others before, from his legal education. In his first decade of residence in London, he embarked on a number of literary projects that encompassed a wide variety of genres and subjects, including what we would today categorize as aesthetics, criticism, history, literary journalism, and political theory.
The Documentary Idea and the Melodrama of Everyday Life The Public, the Private and the National Family: Millions Like Us and This Happy Breed
Authors: Higson Andrew 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
I liked the notion that, in making films of man in his modern environment, one would be articulating the corporate character of that environment and finding again, after a long period of sloppy romanticism and the person in private, an aesthetic of the person in public.
Hamlet
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
2886 Adamic, Bojan. [—]. MS circa Incidental music. First performed Slovensko gindsko gledališ če Celje, Yugoslavia, 1 2 February 19ss (Janež Erzen, Hamlet; Minca Jerajeva, Ophelia; Avgust Sedej, first grave-digger; Dino Radojević, director), in Oton Županičič’s translation.
King John
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
5568 Amram, David. [—]. MS [1967 (composer)]. Incidental music: [ch orch]. First performed New York Shakespeare Festival, Delacorte Theater, Central Park, 5 July 1967 (Harris Yulin, John; Robert Burr, Philip; Marian Winters, Constance; Joseph Papp, director). 5569 [Anon.].[—]. MS [1952]. Fanfares: [orch]. Pre-recorded (by University Band; Raymond Dvorak, conductor) for use in a production mounted at Wisconsin Union Theatre, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 9 May 1952 (Donald Soule, John; Glen Potter, Philip; Marie Iezzi, Constance; Ronald Mitchell, director). According to the theatre, the fanfares were composed by music students.
King Lear
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
5654 a Becket, Thomas. Music for The Fool in ‘King Lear’. MS n.d. [before 1900?) (Ws [Shakespeare Ms. Music (A-D), 7|). Song: [low) voice, unaccompanied. The material held by Ws includes another copy, headed The Fooll’)s Music in King Lear. The work is inscribed ‘for J.B. Roberts’.
The Tempest
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
14691 Abady, H. Temple. [—]. MS [1927]. Incidental music: [small orch (fl, cl, hn, dulcitone, 3 vln, 2 via, 2 vcl, pl)]. First performed Provost’s Garden, Worcester College, Oxford University, 23 June 1927 (Oxford University Dramatic Society: J. H. Hall, Prospero; H. S. Barnes, Caliban; Molly Blissett, Miranda; G. T. C. Norman, Ariel; R. P. Price, Stephano; composer, music director; Reginald Denham, director). The names of the musicians are printed on the programme for this production.
Twelfth Night
Authors: Gooch Bryan N S , Thatcher David 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
16585 Abbott, G. W. [Was ihr wollt oder Die zwölfte Rauhnacht]. MS [1982). Incidental music. First performed Stadttheater Giessen, FRG, 16 May 1982 {Franz Winter, director), in Winter’s adaptation. 16586 Abrahams, Paul. [—]. MS [circa 1982J. Incidental music. First performed Wolsey Theatre, Ipswich, 19 January 1983 (Stephen Boswell, Malvolio; Norman Tyrell, Feste; Gabrielle Glaister, Olivia; Joanna Hole, Viola; David Slater, Orsino; Brian Hewlett, Sir Toby; Robert Benfield, Sir Andrew; Antony Tuckey, director).
Frank McEachran (1900-1975)
Authors: Bridgen John 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Existing accounts of Auden’s education mention many people who fostered his enthusiasms, introduced him to certain authors, and influenced him in various other ways. These accounts suggest that Auden’s most abiding literary and philosophical concerns either began at Oxford or were largely self-engendered before this. However, they have overlooked the fact that in his last year at Gresham’s Auden came under the influence of a man of broad and varied cultural interests. Frank McEachran arrived at Gresham’s at Michaelmas 1924 (Auden was in the Sixth Form), and he had a direct influence on Auden until Auden went up to Oxford after the summer term in 1925. I believe that, stimulated by McEachran, Auden arived at the basic literary and philosophical framework of his lifetime’s intellectual enquiry while he was still at Gresham’s.
Collecting W. H. Auden
Authors: Wilson Robert A 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Book collecting is a challenge. If the challenge is too easy, for instance, assembling a complete collection of the works of Thomas Pynchon or Robert Lowell, there will be little excitement because these collections can be completed with no greater difficulty than the expenditure of a relatively small sum of money. In both cases, there are no great rarities to pursue. On the other hand, if the challenge is too hard, there is no incentive. Take, for instance, collecting the work of Vladimir Nabokov. His first book, a volume of poems issued in St Petersburg before the Russian Revolution of 1917, is known to exist in only two copies in the Western world, and both of these arc lodged permanently in institutional libraries. Thus a collection of Nabokov is unlikely ever to be complete, a fact which will frustrate the true collector. Furthermore, a long and satisfying chase can be made only in pursuit of a sufficiently large quantity of material. Thus, most twentieth-century authors and poets are not ideal targets for the spirited and devoted collector, although there are, of course, some exceptions. They arc by and large the giants of the century: Yeats, Pound, Lawrence, Joyce, Stein, and Eliot spring readily to mind. But these authors have been collected so avidly for the last two decades that prices have risen to staggering heights for the rarities and the supply even of middle-range items in fine condition has been virtually exhausted.
‘Evii‘ in the Odyssey
Authors: Hankey Robin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The Odyssey is sometimes described as a romance or folk-tale in which there is a clear distinction between good and evil, where good is victorious and evil defeated; and indeed some of Odysseus‘ own utterances (e.g. 22. 372-4) seem to encourage the notion of just such a simple moral polarity But the reality may be more problematic and disturbing, and less bland. The present essay aims to examine some aspects of evil in the poem as a whole, firstly the uses of the Greek word for ‘evil‘, and secondly the nature of the behaviour that is generally condemned or disapproved of. I hope it will be of interest to Sir Kenneth Dover, whose scholarly achievements include a classic study of Greek moral values and the language in which they are represented.
The Earliest Quotation of the Iliad?
Authors: Taplin Oliver 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Much work on the Odyssey these days accepts that it presupposes and responds to the Iliad, and that appreciation is enriched by a prior awareness of the values and tendencies of the poem of the Fury of Peleus‘ son Achilles. But interplay, let alone intertextuality, is much weaker than quotation, which I would define in terms of the consciousness not so much of the poet as of the audience. Is there any passage in the Odyssey whose significance for the audience is transformed by a recognized awareness of a specific passage of the Iliad? Book 14. 156f. is a candidate. The disguised Odysseus assures Eumaeus that his master will come home before long.
Pericles and the Plague
Authors: Marshall Morrison 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Thucydides’ report of the Athenian Plague has both a more technical or medical side and a literary or rhetorical one (mainly 2. 47. 3f., 5of.), which emphasizes the mysteriously severe impact of the disease. Cochrane and Weidauer promoted the view, based on the manner of the description and the use of certain words, that Thucydides had a medical education; Weidauer furthermore concluded by comparison of 1. 22. 4 and 2. 48. 3 that the description, like the History in general, was given for practical future benefit. Page, accepting the arguments of Cochrane, examined the vocabulary in detail, concluded that it was technical, and offered on that basis a diagnosis of the disease. It is notorious, however, that up to this date no finally acceptable identification with any known disease has been found. Parry, criticizing Page‘s analysis of the vocabulary, denied that it was technical and stressed rather the atmosphere of mystery, taking it as evidence that the author was not interested in medical accuracy but regarded the epidemic as an irresistible daemonic visitation, and that the benefit promised in 47. 3f. is purely academic. Parry was evidently willing to entertain the idea that the plague is represented as in some way supernatural, but does not go beyond the wording ‘irresistible daemonic visitation‘; Toole, however (p. 244), goes much further, holding that the epidemic was interpreted by Thucydides as a divine punishment sent by Apollo (cf. 1. 118. 3, 2. 54. 4) as support for the Spartans.
Pericles and the Plague
Authors: Marshall Morrison 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plato was the first feminist. Only, he was concerned not with women‘s rights, as modern feminists are, but with their usefulness (Rep. 451 B-457B). Like a modern planner, he felt it was a waste of woman-power to seclude women in their homes, when they could be performing useful tasks in the factory or the office. Women should be used, just as men were, for the benefit of the community. There were no fundamental differences between the sexes which unfitted women for useful toil. Admittedly, women were on average less strong and generally less good than men, but that was only a generalization, which did not hold in every case. Some women were just as good, indeed better, than some men (Rep. 4550). Whether a particular woman was suited to a particular task should be decided on the merits of the case, not on any general assumptions about womankind as a whole. The guardians were to rise above their sexual prejudices. They might feel that the sight of old women exercising in the nude was ridiculous, but that was only a matter of custom, and should be overcome (Rep. 452). Women should exercise the same as men, be educated the same as men, go to war the same as men, and generally be treated exactly the same, except that not so much should be expected of them (Rep. 457A Io). Differentiation in treatment between one guardian and another should be based on difference of talent, not on difference of sex (Rep. 540c 5-9). The only function sex was relevant for was the breeding of children (Rep. 4540-E). In modern terms Plato holds that while a guardian‘s chromosomes are highly relevant to his suitability for various social roles, the possession of a Y-chromosome rather than a second X-chromosome is not.
Cola and Clausulae in Cicero’s Speeches
Authors: Nisbet Robin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In a volume dedicated to Kenneth Dover an article on prose colometry should not come amiss. Questions of word-order are relevant, as are rhythmical patterns, so much more complicated than in the poets; progress will ultimately depend on a combination of linguistic instinct and clear-headedness about statistics. It may seem more anomalous that the following remarks are based on Cicero‘s speeches, but here as elsewhere a Latin author may have something to offer even to Hellenists. Cicero‘s Kunstprosa is derived from Greek oratory, and his clausulae can be paralleled in the contemporary inscription of Antiochus of Commagene; but because of the sheer bulk of his writings as well as the nature of his sentences (persistently rhythmical but still very varied), he provides a better testing-ground for colometry than perhaps any Greek.
Hellenism and Empire
Authors: Swain Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Hellenism and Empire explores identity, politics, and culture in the Greek world of the first three centuries AD, the period known as the second sophistic. The sources of this identity were the words and deeds of classical Greece, and the emphasis placed on Greekness and Greek heritage was far greater now than at any other time. Yet this period is often seen as a time of happy consensualism between the Greek and Roman halves of the Roman Empire. The first part of the book shows that Greek identity came before any loyalty to Rome (and was indeed partly a reaction to Rome), while the views of the major authors of the period, which are studies in the second part, confirm and restate the prior claims of Hellenism.
Lucian
Authors: Swain Simon 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The satirist and essayist Lucian was born between 11 5 and 12 5 at Samosata, a city of Roman Syria. Samosata had been the capital city of the independent kingdom of Commagene until AD 72, when on the basis of unfounded allegations king Antiochus IV was removed by the legate of Syria, Caesennius Paetus.2 Antiochus and his family were well treated by the emperor Vespasian and enjoyed prominence in the Roman world. His grandson, Plutarch’s acquaintance C. Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappus (‘Fond of Grandfather’), rose to a suffect consulship in 109, and his granddaughter Julia Balbilla the sister of Philopappus accompanied Hadrian and Sabina when they visited the ‘singing’ colossus of Memnon in Egypt on 19-21 November 130.
Introduction
Authors: Elm Susanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Asceticism appears to many as a strange and peculiar phenomenon, perhaps even an affliction. It evokes solitary men driven by their quest for God into the desertum, the barren wilderness of remote countrysides, far removed from the world, and in par ticular far removed from women. The great champions of the movement, revered as its originators — Paul of Thebes, Symeon the Stylite, and, most importantly, Antony the Great — all embody these essential characteristics, and their victories over physical afflication and demonic temptation have fuelled the imagination for centuries. Monasticism, the ‘higher evolution’ of asceticism, is likewise clearly defined by our commonplace notions. By moderating the physical extremes of the ascetic life, monasticism emphasizes order, work, prayer, obedience, stability — all within the monastic family.
Parthenoi, Widows, Deaconesses: Continuing Variety
Authors: Elm Susanna 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
When Rufinus of Aquileia wrote his continuation of Eusebius’ Historia Ecclesiastica in circa 402, Basil’s ascetic innovations had transformed Pontus and Cappadocia. Wandering around cities and the countryside — to paraphrase Rufinus — inducing all to come together, constructing monastic settlements wherever he went, Basil changed the face of the entire province. Sozomen likewise attests to Basil’s numerous monastic foundations, and to the fact that ‘by teaching the people, he persuaded them to hold like views with himself. Yet another fifth-century testimony comes from Gaul. John Cassian reports in his Collationes Patrum, written in 419 and 426, that a certain Piamun came across Basilian coenobia in numerous Pontic villages.