bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dry LAMP: A point of care diagnostics for diagnosis of bovine tropical theileriosis
Authors: Divakar Sindhoora , Dhanalakshmi H , Sandeep N , Isloor Shrikrishna , Rashmi R , Ananda KJ , Reddy Manjunatha 
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:
Theileriosis is an important tick-bome hemoprotozoan disease of cattle which causes severe economic loss due to morbidity and mortality. A diagnostic test having high sensitivity, specificity and easy application at the field level is the need of the hour. In this regard Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is proven to be a sensitive, easy and time efficient method. One of the major obstacles for the application of LAMP is the difficulty in maintaining the cold chain to preserve reagents. Thus, the challenge is to develop a LAMP kit in a ready-to-use format with dried reagents useful for quick and simple application in field conditions.

Methods:
The optimized reaction of wet LAMP was followed for the standardization of dry LAMP with certain modifications which are needful. The major modification is vitrification technology of enzyme using trehalose.

Results:
LAMP assay (dry and wet LAMP) was found to be more sensitive (100%) when compared to microscopy (69.5%) and PCR (86.9%). It was observed that the dry LAMP reaction tubes at room temperature as well as refrigeration temperature provided successful amplification till 7 weeks.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The drying conditions of LAMP reagents were optimized, and finally managed to dry them in a single reaction tube without reducing the sensitivity. This technology enables us to transport LAMP kits to areas where the cold chain is not easily available.
Evaluation of InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM Rapid Test in acute fever cases from Southwest and East India
Authors: Punekar Madhura , Jayaram Anup , Varamballi Prasad , Oliver Dsa , Sabeena Sasidharanpillai 
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:
Scrub typhus is clinically undifferentiated from other aetiologies for acute febrile illness such as enteric fever, dengue, malaria, and leptospirosis. Rapid ELISA tests are being used as an alternative to immunofluorescence assay in tropical countries.

Methods:
In this study, we compared and evaluated commercially available InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM Rapid Test (USA) for diagnosing human scrub typhus infection using archived and prospectively collected samples against the reference standard, InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM ELISA (USA).

Results:
The data analysis of archived samples on rapid test revealed a moderate sensitivity of 53.92% and a specificity of 100%. Meanwhile, prospective serum samples demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity of 96.4% and 94.6%, respectively.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM rapid test can be a good point-of-care assay during surveillance, outbreak investigations, and case identification.
Cyanidin-3-glucoside Enhances Longevity and Heat Stress Resilience in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Doringo Joshua Allen M. , Gapayao Kenneth Roi H. , Medina Paul Mark B. , Nas John Sylvester B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground:Anthocyanins have gained significant attention in recent years due to their diverse physiological benefits, which include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, research on the impact of pure anthocyanin compounds on lifespan under different stress conditions, remains a relatively unexplored area. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a pure anthocyanin compound found in common plants, on the lifespan ofDrosophila melanogaster(fruit flies) subjected to stress (i.e. energy deprivation and heat stress) and nonstress conditions.Methods:Flies were exposed to various concentrations of C3G from the time of hatching until natural death for the lifespan assay. For stress assays, a separate cohort of male and female flies was subjected to daily heat stress or food deprivation, and their survival was monitored.Results:We found out that C3G prolonged the lifespan of fruit flies in the presence or absence of heat stress. Interestingly, under energy-deprived conditions, lifespan extension was not evident, and a high dose of C3G even led to a shorter lifespan. Moreover, we observed that the sex of the flies did not significantly influence the lifespan modulation by C3G, regardless of whether they were subjected to stress or nonstress conditions.Conclusion:Overall, these findings suggest that C3G may offer promising benefits in enhancing lifespan under certain conditions, while caution should be exercised in dosage selection, especially in energy-deprived scenarios. Further investigations are required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the multifaceted effects of C3G on lifespan, thereby exploring its potential applications in promoting longevity and mitigating stress-related challenges.
Predictive Value of Serum YKL-40, Interleukin-37, and Cancer Antigen 125 Panel in Noninvasive Staging of Endometriosis
Authors: Zamzam Yosra Abdelmonem , Zamzam Yomna , Elsaka Ayman , Al Fadaly Lamiaa Nabeeh , Amer Alaa I 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background:
The diagnosis of advanced endometriosis remains challenging with considerable limitations in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal and deep infiltrating lesions. Thus, a well-defined panel of inexpensive, noninvasive inflammatory biomarkers could be a crucial tool for appropriate staging for women with suspected endometriosis. The aim of this work is to explore the potential use of serum YKL-40, interleukin-37 (IL-37), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) for noninvasive staging of endometriosis patients for proper intervention and most optimal management of the condition.

Methods:
This study was conducted on 90 women, who had undergone laparoscopic or laparotomy surgery due to suspected pelvic endometriosis. Blood samples for serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 levels assay were taken from all participants at admission for laparoscopy or laparotomy. After histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis, the selected cases were immunostained for YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125.

Results:
YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 serum levels were significantly elevated in patients with endometriosis than healthy controls. Moreover, the association between the serum level and immunoexpression and grading of endometriosis. A triple combination panel of serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 was found to have the best sensitivity and specificity (96.67% and 100.0%, respectively) compared to any single serum marker alone or double combination panel in predicting the severity of endometriosis.

Conclusions:
A triple combination panel of serum YKL-40, IL-37, and CA125 could be used in the future for predicting endometriosis stage, providing a practical reference for making better-informed decisions on the best treatment plan.
Potassium oxalate-based mouth rinse for rapid relief in dentinal hypersensitivity
Authors: Manohar Balaji , Pebbili Kranthi Kiran , Shukla Kirti 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Dentinal hypersensitivity (DHS) affects about 1.3%–92.1% of the population globally and has a significant impact on the quality of life of the affected individuals. Desensitizing agents that directly block the dentinal tubules or cause chemical blocking of the pulpal nerve endings are commonly recommended for the management of DHS. Potassium oxalate (KO) has been used as a desensitizing agent in the management of DHS. This narrative review aimed to assess the literature related to the efficacy of KO as a desensitizing agent, with a focus on mouth rinses containing 1.4% KO. A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar with relevant keywords. The results from the retrieved articles were assessed, and the findings regarding the efficacy of KO in managing DHS were analyzed. Studies suggest that the usage of 1.4% KO mouth rinses results in the occlusion of dentinal tubules by the formation of acid-resistant calcium oxalate crystals within dentinal tubules and on the dentine surface. These calcium oxalate crystals tend to form a strong bond with the inner surface of the dentinal tubules and lower the hydraulic conductivity of the dentine. These actions of KO can ensure both rapid and long-term relief from DHS.
Hippocampal volume and recovery profile following propofol sedation in children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging: An exploratory study
Authors: Srinivasa Navyashree Krishnashastry , Mishra Rajeeb Kumar , Bhadrinarayan Varadarajan , Kulanthaivelu Karthik 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Reduction in the hippocampal volume may contribute to agitated and delayed emergence after anesthesia in epilepsy surgery. We hypothesized that hippocampal volume and the duration of various recovery parameters after a short duration of sedation may be correlated. The primary objective was to evaluate the correlation between hippocampal volumes with time to recovery after the stoppage of propofol infusion.

Methods:
After obtaining Institute Ethical Clearance, we included all children of the age group 5–17 years, who needed sedation for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for at least 20–60 minutes for the evaluation of epilepsy. The hippocampal volume was estimated bilaterally in the pre-contrast volumetric magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) brain imaging by the radiologist using statistical parametric mapping. The correlation of hippocampal volume with recovery and time to discharge (assessed by the modified Aldrete score (MAS)) was obtained using Spearman's correlation coefficient (rho). A rho > ± 0.5 was considered a good correlation between the variables.

Results:
Data on a total of 18 children (10 males and 8 females) who required sedation for an MRI were studied over a period of six months. The correlation coefficients of right and left corrected hippocampal volumes with time to spontaneous eye opening were -0.052 and -0.195, respectively. The correlation coefficients of right and left corrected hippocampal volumes with time to respond to oral commands were -0.017 and -0.219, respectively.

Conclusion:
There was a weak negative correlation between hippocampal volumes and recovery parameters after a short duration of sedation with propofol in children.
Radiopaque Foreign Bodies Swallowed by the Children during the COVID-19 Period Compared with the Pre-Pandemic Period
Authors: Waheed Khawaja Bilal , Oqailan Ahmad Mohammad , Orf Ali Al , Woodman Alexander , Aljamea Lamiaa Hamad Abdullah , Almoaibed Sarah Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2024

Context:
The COVID-19 pandemic restricted people to their homes or limited places and boosted online learning and homeschooling for the kids. Metallic foreign body ingestion by children was seen to have increased during this period.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to highlight types and outcomes of ingested metallic foreign bodies in children during the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed medical records, abdominal radiographs, and computed tomography of children under 14 years during the 2-year pandemic period (from December 2019 to December 2021) with histories or clinical suspicions of ingested metallic foreign bodies. Age, gender, number (single or multiple), and morphology (size and shape) characteristics (magnetic or nonmagnetic) of ingested foreign bodies were recorded. The number of such cases during the COVID-19 pandemic period was compared with the rate of ingestion in 3 years before the COVID-19 period (from January 2017 to December 2019). Outcomes in terms of spontaneous expulsion (through the usual alimentary tract from the anus without the need for intervention) and intervention (endoscopic or surgical removal) were recorded. The Chi-square test was used to measure association.

Results:
Out of 161 patients (86 in COVID period, and 75 in pre-COVID period), majority were males (n = 98, 61%) and under 5 years (n = 87, 54%). Most of the foreign bodies were single (n = 146, 90%), <2 cm in sizes (n = 93, 58%), regular in shapes (n = 128, 79.5%), and were spontaneously expelled (n = 134, 83%) during 48–72 h of ingestion. Mostly irregular-shaped, larger-sized, and small magnetic beads required either endoscopic removal (n = 23) or surgery (n = 4).

Conclusion:
A higher rate of ingested foreign bodies by the children is noted during the COVID-19 pandemic period, with irregular shaped and magnetic bead foreign bodies requiring interventions.
Suboptimal Bacteriological Quality of Household Water in Municipal Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Olumuyiwa S. , Akintayo Ifeoluwa , Odeyemi Jesutofunmi S. , Oloche Jeremiah J. , Babalola Chibuzor M. , Nwimo Chukwuemeka , Popoola Oluwafemi , Mogeni Ondari D. , Marks Florian , Okeke Iruka N. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
Access to potable water is difficult for many African residents. This study evaluated the bacteriological quality of household water collected in the dry and wet seasons across five municipal local government areas (LGAs) in Ibadan, a large city in southwest Nigeria. A total of 447 water samples (dry season, n = 250; wet season, n = 197) were aseptically collected from a random sample of mapped households within Ibadan’s five municipal LGAs. The pH values and total aerobic and coliform bacterial counts were measured, and samples were screened for Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia by standard phenotypic techniques and multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The most common source of water was well (53.2%), followed by borehole (34%). None of the households used municipal tap water. Cumulatively, aerobic (P = 0.0002) and coliform (P = 0.0001) counts as well as pH values (P = 0.0002) changed significantly between seasons, with increasing and decreasing counts depending on the LGA. Nonpotable water samples were found to be very common during the dry (86.8%) and wet (74.1%) seasons. Escherichia coli spp., as indicators of recent fecal contamination, were isolated from 115 (25.7%) of the household water sources. Thirty three Salmonella, four enteroaggregative E. coli, and four enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates but no Shigella or Yersinia isolates were identified. This study revealed the absence of treated tap water and the poor quality of alternative sources with detectable pathogens in municipal Ibadan. Addressing the city-wide lack of access to potable water is an essential priority for preventing a high prevalence of feco-orally transmitted infections.
Prevalence of Malaria Infection in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Southern Senegal
Authors: Diouf Marie Pierre , Kande Safietou , Oboh Mary Aigbiremo , Manga Isaac Akhénaton , Tairou Fassiatou , Seck Amadou , Diallo Abdoulaye , Lo Aminata Colle , Sow Doudou , Sylla Khadime , Ndiaye Magatte , Tine Roger Clément , Faye Babacar , Merle Corinne , Amambua-Ngwa Alfred , Miligan Paul , Ndiaye Jean-Louis Abdourahim 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
Despite marked progress in Senegal, three regions in the southeast part continue to have a high burden of malaria, but there have been no recent studies assessing the prevalence of malaria associated with pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria infection in pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Senegal. During the malaria transmission season of 2019, pregnant women attending 11 health care facilities for a scheduled visit and those presenting unwell with signs of malaria were invited to participate in a malaria screening study. A finger prick blood sample was taken for malaria diagnosis by rapid diagnosis test (RDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 877 pregnant women were enrolled, 787 for a scheduled antenatal consultation and 90 for an unscheduled consultation with signs of malaria. The prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum among the first group was 48% by PCR and 20% by RDT, and that among the second group was 86% by PCR and 83% by RDT. RDT sensitivity in capturing asymptomatic, PCR-positive infections was 9.2% but ranged from 83% to 94% among febrile women. The prevalence of infection by PCR in women who reported having received at least three doses of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) was 41.9% compared with 58.9% in women who reported they had not received any SP doses (prevalence ratio adjusted for gravidity and gestational age, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.41–0.73). The burden of P. falciparum infections remains high among pregnant women, the majority of which are not captured by RDT. More effective measures to prevent malaria infection in pregnancy are needed.
Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Nepal
Authors: Basnet Ajaya , Shrestha Mahendra Raj , Tamang Basanta , Pokhrel Nayanum , Maharjan Rajendra , Rai Junu Richhinbung , Bista Shrijana , Shrestha Shila , Rai Shiba Kumar 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
Clinicians face a global challenge treating infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae because of the high rate of antibiotic resistance. This cross-sectional study from the Nepal Armed Police Force Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, characterized resistance patterns in Enterobacteriaceae across different antimicrobial classes and assessed incidences of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections. Enterobacteriaceae from clinical samples were isolated on blood and MacConkey agar, except for urine samples on cysteine lactose electrolyte–deficient agar. To determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, including MDR and XDR, the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used. Statistics were performed using SPSS, v. 17.0. Members of the family were identified in 14.5% (95% CI: 16.2–12.8%) of the total samples (N = 1,617), primarily in urine (54.7%, 128/234), blood (19.7%, 46/234), and sputum (15.0%, 35/234). Escherichia coli (n = 118, 44.2%) was the most predominant bacteria, followed by Citrobacter freundii (n = 81, 30.3%). As much as 95.6% (392/410) of the isolates were penicillin-resistant, whereas only 36.2% (290/801) were carbapenem-resistant. A total of 96 (36.0%) MDR and 98 (36.7%) XDR Enterobacteriaceae were identified. Proteus mirabilis (44.4%, 8/18) predominated MDR cultures, whereas C. freundii (53.1%, 43/81) predominated XDR cultures. Multidrug resistant (38.4%, 71/154) and XDR Enterobacteriaceae (22.7%, 35/154) were chiefly uropathogens. Fluoroquinolone resistance rates in non-MDR, MDR, and XDR isolates were 19.9%, 63.2%, and 96.2%, respectively, whereas cephalosporin resistance rates were 28.6%, 72.9%, and 95.4% and penicillin resistance rates were 67.0%, 97.4%, and 98.0%. One-seventh of patients visiting the hospital were found to be infected with Enterobacteriaceae, and of these patients, at least one-fourth were infected with MDR strains.
Surveillance of Fleas and Their Small Mammal Hosts for Plague Risks in Some Main Seaports of the Islands of the Southwestern Indian Ocean
Authors: Harimalala Mireille , Rakotobe Harimanana Ravo , Azali Hamza Abdou , Girod Romain 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT.
Since ancient times, seaports have been the hot spots for plague introduction into free countries. Infected ship rats reached new areas, and epizootics occurred prior to human infection via flea bites. Beginning in the 1920s/1930s, rodent and flea surveillance was carried out as part of plague hazard management in seaports of the world. Nowadays, such activity is not done regularly. In the southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO) region, plague surveillance is of great importance given plague endemicity in Madagascar and thus the incurred risk for neighboring islands. This study reports animal-based surveillance aimed at identifying fleas and their small mammal hosts in SWIO seaports as well as Yersinia pestis detection. Small mammal trappings were performed in five main seaports of Madagascar (Toamasina and Mahajanga), Mauritius (Port Louis), and the Union of Comoros (Moroni and Mutsamudu). Mammals were euthanized and their fleas collected and morphologically identified before Y. pestis detection. In total, 145 mammals were trapped: the brown rat Rattus norvegicus (76.5%), the black rat Rattus rattus (8.3%), and the Asian house shrew Suncus murinus (15.2%). Fur brushing allowed collection of 1,596 fleas exclusively identified as Xenopsylla cheopis. All tested fleas were negative for Y. pestis DNA. This study shows that both well-known plague mammal hosts and flea vectors occur in SWIO seaports. It also highlights the necessity of carrying out regular animal-based surveillance for plague hazard management in this region.
The Trust Of Madurese Ethnic Muslims in Preventing Covid-19 Through Sya’ir Burdah: A Dimension Of Sufism in West Kalimantan
Authors: Sahri  
Published: January 2024

AbstractStudies on Madurese ethnicity in West Kalimantan began to be carried out by many academics in the aftermath of ethnic conflicts. However, there are still few who elaborate on Madurese ethnicity related to culture in West Kalimantan. In fact, the cultural richness and traditions of the Madurese ethnicity have a close relationship with Muslim cultures originating from other ethnicities. This is a social capital for strengthening solidarity and togetherness between ethnicities in West Kalimantan. This study highlights the religious traditions of the Madurese ethnic Muslim community during the COVID-19 period through the recitation of Burdah poetry, which aims to ask for safety, health, and avoiding poverty. This study also found that the Madurese ethnic Muslim community in West Kalimantan has dimensions of Sufism values in the reading of Burdah poetry such as Ikhlas, Taubat, Nur Muhammad, Mahhabba, Khauf, and Raja’. Thus, this paper elaborates on Madurese ethnic traditions and dimensions of Sufism in the Madurese ethnic Muslim community in Simpang Empat Wajok, which is currently included in the administrative area of Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan Province.
Keywords: Muslim Community, Syair Burdah, Dimension of Sufism, West Kalimantan

Abstrak
Kajian tentang etnis Madura di Kalimantan Barat mulai banyak dilakukan oleh para akademisi ketika pasca terjadinya konflik etnis. Tetapi, masih sedikit yang mengelaborasi etnis Madura berkaitan dengan kebudayaan di Kalimantan barat. Padahal, kekayaan budaya dan tradisi etnis Madura mempunyai hubungan erat dengan budaya Muslim yang berasal dari etnis lain. Hal ini merupakan modal sosial dalam memperkuat solidaritas dan kebersamaan antar etnis di Kalimantan Barat. Studi ini menyoroti tradisi keberagamaan masyarakat Muslim etnis Madura selama masa Covid-19 melalui pembacaan syair Burdah yang bertujuan untuk meminta keselamatan, kesehatan, dan terhindar dari kemiskinan. Kajian ini juga menemukan bahwa masyarakat Muslim etnis Madura di Kalimantan Barat terdapat dimensi nilai-nilai tasawuf dalam pembacaan syair Burdah seperti, Ikhlas, Taubat, Nur Muhammad, Mahhabba, Khauf dan Raja`. Demikian tulisan ini mengelaborasi dalam tradisi etnis Madura dan dimensi tasawuf dalam masyarakat Muslim etnis Madura di Simpang Empat Wajok yang saat ini masuk dalam wilayah administrative Kabupaten Mempawah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat.
Kata Kunci: Masyarakat Muslim, Syair Burdah, Dimensi Tasawuf, Kalimantan Barat