bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative resorptive and excretory capacity of the ileal neobladder
Authors: Rinnab Ludwig , Straub Michael , Hautmann Richard E. , Braendle Edgar 
Published: May 2005

Authors from Ulm have a further look at their model of orthotopic bladder replacement and particularly at the problem of mild metabolic acidosis due to proton reabsorption, which they describe as a common problem after ileal neobladder. They ascribe it to the mucus production of the neobladder, and its internal surface or diuresis, but suggest further investigation to characterize the different influences further.OBJECTIVETo assess the extent and mechanism of renal reabsorption and excretion in patients with an ileal neobladder, as mild metabolic acidosis cause by proton reabsorption is common after such surgery, and long‐term pharmacological correction is often necessary.PATIENTS AND METHODSThe study comprised 30 patients (29 men and one woman) with ileal neobladders after oncological surgery; before surgery all had normal retention values. Before and after withdrawing the transurethral catheter, serum creatinine and urea were analysed and used to assess the effect of the neobladder on retention values, expressed as the percentage change from baseline (Δ creatinine and urea).RESULTSThere was a significant correlation between the Δ−creatinine and Δ−urea values (P < 0.001; r = 0.66); 15 patients (50%) showed resorption of creatinine and urea, eight (27%) excreted creatinine into the neobladder and resorbed urea from it at the same time, and three (10%) showed the reverse response, i.e. creatinine resorption and urea excretion. Interestingly, four patients (13%) excreted both creatinine and urea into the neobladder.CONCLUSIONSWe assume that there was both a resorptive and excretory function. Probably the metabolic state (resorption or secretion) of the neobladder depends on its mucus production and on the internal surface, or on diuresis. Further investigation is required to characterize these different influences.
A comparison of one‐stage procedures for post‐traumatic urethral stricture repair
Authors: Berger Andreas P. , Deibl Martina , Bartsch Georg , Steiner Hannes , Varkarakis John , Gozzi Christian 
Published: May 2005

OBJECTIVETo compare the results and complication rates of various one‐stage treatments for repairing a post‐traumatic urethral stricture.PATIENTS AND METHODSThe medical records of 153 patients who had a post‐traumatic urethral stricture repaired between 1977 and 2003 were evaluated retrospectively, and analysed for the different types of urethral reconstruction.RESULTSThe procedures included direct end‐to‐end anastomosis in 86 (56%) patients, free dorsal onlay graft urethroplasty using preputial or inguinal skin in 40 (26%), ventral onlay urethroplasty using buccal mucosa in seven (5%) and ventral fasciocutaneous flaps on a vascular pedicle in 20 (13%). At a mean (median, range) follow‐up of 75.2 (38, 12–322) months, 121 (79%) patients had no evidence of recurrent stricture, while in 32 men (21%) they were detected at a mean follow‐up of 30.47 (1–96) months. Patients having a dorsal onlay urethroplasty had the longest strictures. The re‐stricture rate was lowest after a dorsal onlay urethroplasty (5% vs 27% when treated with end‐to‐end anastomosis, 15% after fasciocutaneous flaps and 57% after a ventral buccal mucosal graft). The surgical technique used had no effect on postoperative incontinence or erectile dysfunction rates.CONCLUSIONIn patients with strictures which are too long to be excised and re‐anastomosed, tension‐free dorsal onlay urethroplasty is better than ventral graft or flap techniques. In patients with short urethral strictures direct end‐to‐end anastomosis remains an option for the one‐stage repair of urethral stricture.
Extracorporeal pelvic floor magnetic stimulation in children with voiding dysfunction
Authors: Kim Jae Wook , Kim Myoung Jin , Noh Ji Yeun , Lee Hye Young , Han Sang Won 
Published: May 2005

OBJECTIVETo determine the effect of extracorporeal pelvic floor magnetic stimulation in children with an overactive bladder, as although such stimulation is an effective treatment for voiding dysfunction such as urge incontinence (UI) and urgency‐frequency syndrome, experience in children is scarce.PATIENTS AND METHODSThis prospective study included 42 children diagnosed with an overactive bladder, based on urodynamic or video‐urodynamic study; a complete follow‐up was available in 34. The children were grouped into those with UI only, not monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (nMNE), or MNE, according to their symptoms. Clinical variables were assessed by recording a voiding and nocturnal enuresis diary before and after magnetic stimulation, the latter being administered twice a week for 4 weeks using a size‐adjusted magnetic chair (each session took 20 min).RESULTSThe UI only and nMNE group had a significant decrease in voiding frequency and frequency of UI (P < 0.05); the MNE group also had a significant decrease in voiding frequency (P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in functional bladder capacity in all groups (P < 0.05) but no significant decrease in the mean volume and frequency of NE in the nMNE and MNE groups (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSExtracorporeal pelvic floor magnetic stimulation has an acute effect on voiding dysfunction such as urge syndrome in children. However, controlled studies with a sham‐stimulation group and various durations of stimulation are necessary for its application as a primary treatment for voiding dysfunction in children.
Immunotherapy of murine prostate cancer using whole tumour cells killed ex vivo by cytosine deaminase/5‐fluorocytosine suicide‐gene therapy
Authors: Pandha Hardev S. , Cook Dorthe , Greenhalgh Rebecca , Dalgleish Angus 
Published: May 2005

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of antitumour vaccines comprising irradiated allogeneic or autologous whole cells expressing cytosine deaminase (CD) which are first killed ex vivo by prodrug activation using 5‐fluorocytosine (5‐FC), as the immunogenicity of tumour cells used as irradiated vaccines depends both on antigen expression and on the mode of their death.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe PA3 rat prostate cell line and MATLyLu, an androgen‐insensitive subline, were grown and transfected with CD (designated PCD and MCD). In vitro drug‐sensitivity was assessed in the cell lines using a viability assay, and the mode of cell death quantified by assessing apoptosis. Bax and bcl‐2 expression were assessed by Western blot analysis. For in vivo experiments, male 8–10‐week‐old Lobund‐Wistar rats were vaccinated (using vehicle in control groups) with 5 × 106 cells, all cells being irradiated before injection, to give groups with PA3, PCD, PCD killed with 5‐FC, MatLyLu, MCD, and MCD killed with 5‐FC. After 7 days all animals were given a subcutaneous tumour challenge of PA3 cells, and tumour volume measured subsequently. Immune responses were assessed in splenocytes.RESULTSThe efficiency of cell kill varied between the cell lines assessed, but cell death was by induced apoptosis. Single doses of vaccine were most effective in the allogeneic setting, causing significantly slower growth of syngeneic tumour challenge (P < 0.01), and 25% better survival at 50 days (P < 0.02) than irradiated untransfected cells. This was consistent with the greater proliferative response after allogeneic than autologous vaccination.CONCLUSIONThe immunogenicity of irradiated tumour cells is enhanced when they are killed ex‐vivo using suicide‐gene therapy. This approach would be clinically applicable in terms of ease of vaccine production, safety, storage and avoidance of potential toxicities of in vivo gene transfer.
What's new in the treatment of metastatic kidney cancer?
Authors: Mancuso Andrea , Sternberg Cora N. 
Published: May 2005

It is important for us as urologists to keep up to date with new drugs being introduced for treating metastatic renal cancer, particularly in the era of the multidisciplinary team approach to cancer therapy. Authors from Rome cover this topic in this month's issue.In other mini reviews in this section, the topics of ejaculatory disorders and cryosurgery are described. Both are relevant to modern management of common urological disorders.Finally there is an historical contribution. There is no such section for these manuscripts, but occasionally subjects of interest are presented which are intended to be of general educational value to the reader. I believe that the paper on prisons presented in this issue to be such a case.
Abortion, Religious Conflict, and Political Culture
Authors: CHANG PERRY 
Published: May 2005

Shaping Abortion Discourse: Democracy and the Public Sphere in Germany and the United States

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By

,
,
, and

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Cambridge
,
UK

:

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2002
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xx + 350 pp. $60.00 cloth, $23.99 paper
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Pro‐Life Activists in America: Meaning, Motivation, and Direct Action

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By

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Cambridge
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UK

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2002
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x + 278 pp. $65.00 cloth, $23.99 paper
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Bearing Right: How Conservatives Won the Abortion War

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By

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Berkeley
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CA

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2004
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xvi + 327 pp. $16.95 paper
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The Moral Veto: Framing Contraception, Abortion, and Cultural Pluralism in the United States

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By

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Cambridge
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UK

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2005
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xii + 340 pp. $65.00 cloth, $22.99 paper
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Isolation of microsatellite loci in the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: ZHOU YIHONG , GU HAINAN , DORN SILVIA 
Published: May 2005

Abstract Cydia pomonella L. is an important insect pest of pome fruits worldwide. We have isolated and characterized 17 microsatellite loci from the enriched genomic libraries constructed using a biotin/streptavidin capture protocol. Among these loci, 11 were scored polymorphic when 50 individuals from a laboratory population were screened. Their alleles numbered two to four, with the observed heterozygosity (HO) ranging from 0.114 to 0.404. Successful amplification was obtained for all these loci when the designed primers were tested, showing the promise of use in genetic mapping and population studies.
Polymorphic sequence‐characterized codominant loci in the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica
Authors: DAVIS J. E. , KUBISIAK T. L. , MILGROOM M. G. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractStudies on the population biology of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, have previously been carried out with dominant restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fingerprinting markers. In this study, we describe the development of 11 codominant markers from randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). RAPD fragments were cloned and sequenced, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed flanking insertions/deletions. Primers labelled with fluorescent dyes were combined in multiplex reactions to assay five or six loci simultaneously in a capillary sequencing system. These codominant markers have the potential to complement RFLP methods for studying C. parasitica.
Dinucleotide microsatellite primers designed for a critically endangered primate, the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus)
Authors: PEREZ‐SWEENEY BEATRIZ M. , VALLADARES‐PADUA CLAUDIO , BURRELL ANDREW S. , DI FIORE ANTHONY , SATKOSKI JESSICA , VAN COEVERDEN DE GROOT PETER J. , BOAG PETER T. , MELNICK DON J. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractBlack lion tamarin (BLT) monkeys (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) have suffered a severe reduction in their natural range and are consequently critically endangered. Because allozyme data showed very low levels of variation, it was not clear if these monkeys had much genetic diversity. We designed microsatellite primers for BLTs, and from them we identified nine polymorphic loci, seven of which were tested on golden lion tamarins (GLTs) (Leontopithecus rosalia). All of the seven polymorphic loci and two other monomorphic BLT loci were polymorphic in GLTs. The microsatellite markers identified here are directly applicable to ongoing lion tamarin population and conservation genetics studies.
Characterization and isolation of DNA microsatellite primers for the tropical tree, Symphonia globulifera Linn. f.
Authors: VINSON C. C. , AMARAL A. C. , SAMPAIO I. , CIAMPI A. Y. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractFive highly polimorphic microsatellite markers for Symphonia globulifera were developed from enriched repeat libraries screened for microsatellite repeats. An average of 5.8 alleles per locus and expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.649 to 0.806 were found in a sample of 12 S. globulifera individuals from the Tapajos National Forest, in the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon. These loci are being used for analysis of precise paternity testing, estimation of gene flow and parentage coefficients in a managed forest in Pará, Brazil, as part of the Dendrogene Project.
Isolation and characterization of seven microsatellite loci in Chioglossa lusitanica (Urodela: Salamandridae)
Authors: SEQUEIRA F. , ROCHA S. , FERRAND N. , WEISS S. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractSeven polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized for golden‐striped salamander, Chioglossa lusitanica (Bocage 1864), a salamandrid endemic to the northwestern part of the Iberian Peninsula, from genomic libraries enriched for (GATA)8 (GACA)8 (ATG)9 and (CA)16. These loci were screened in 37–51 individuals from two populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from five to 19. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.241 to 1.0. The high level of polymorphism revealed by these loci will be extremely useful for the study of population structure and evolutionary history of this species.
Isolation and characterization of new microsatellite markers in the surfclam Mactromeris polynyma
Authors: CASSISTA MANON C. , HART MICHAEL W. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe describe primers and amplification conditions for seven microsatellite loci that were developed and characterized in the commercially harvested surfclam Mactromeris polynyma. Five of these loci were polymorphic: we found 6 to 23 alleles per locus among 100 individuals from one population in Nova Scotia, with some large heterozygote deficits that may reflect unrecognized temporal genetic variation. We are using these markers to investigate temporal and spatial genetic structure in this species.
spip 1.0: a program for simulating pedigrees and genetic data in age‐structured populations
Authors: ANDERSON E. C. , DUNHAM K. K. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe present the program spip for simulating multilocus genetic data on individuals in age‐structured populations. In addition to genetic data on sampled individuals, the pedigree connecting all individuals in the population is recorded. This allows investigation of the relationship between family structure and population parameters. We foresee that spip will be useful for evaluating multilocus estimators of pairwise relatedness and population structure, and for simulating the distribution of relatedness in populations with varying demographies. It also provides a method for simulating genetic drift in complex populations.
Six new polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated and characterized from the African savannah elephant genome
Authors: NYAKAANA SILVESTER , OKELLO JOHN B. A. , MUWANIKA VINCENT , SIEGISMUND HANS R. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) is a ‘keystone’ species that plays a vital role in regulating the dynamics of both plant and animal communities and yet it is endangered and its numbers have been reduced to approximately 500 000 across their entire continental range. Molecular genetic markers are important tools for providing genetic information useful in formulating effective management and conservation strategies for the surviving elephant populations. We describe the isolation and characterization of six new polymorphic microsatellite markers in the African savannah elephant and demonstrate that these loci can be PCR (polymerase chain reaction)‐multiplexed, a desirable attribute that saves costs in large‐scale microsatellite screening.
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Abies firma and interspecific amplification in other Japanese Abies species
Authors: SAITO Y. , LIAN C. L. , HOGETSU T. , IDE Y. 
Published: May 2005

Abstract Abies firma is a dominant coniferous tree species endemic to Japan. We isolated eight microsatellite loci from needles of this tree species and tested their polymorphism among 26 A. firma individuals. Six of them showed polymorphism, with two to 16 alleles per locus. Their expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.075 to 0.922. Moreover, interspecific amplification among Abies sachalinensis, Abies mariesii and Abies veitchii was successful in majority of the isolated loci, suggesting that these loci may be useful for characterization of other fir species.
Polymorphic microsatellite loci in the ponerine ant, Hypoponera opacior (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: RÜGER MARKUS H. , HEINZE JÜRGEN , FOITZIK SUSANNE 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe ant genus Hypoponera, with its high diversity of alternative reproductive tactics, is of particular interest in studies on sexual selection. In the species Hypoponera opacior, winged and wingless males and queens co‐occur and molecular markers are essential to study the reproductive success of these sexual tactics. Primers were developed for five polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from H. opacior. Their variability was tested on 34 colonies from a population in the United States. Nine to 21 alleles per locus were found with observed heterozygosities between 0.1 and 0.7. A significantly positive FIS value suggests inbreeding in this ant with predominant intracolonial matings.
Characterization and PCR multiplexing of polymorphic microsatellite loci for the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata
Authors: FOURNIER DENIS , FOUCAUD JULIEN , LOISEAU ANNE , CROS‐ARTEIL SANDRINE , JOURDAN HERVÉ , ORIVEL JÉRÔME , LE BRETON JULIEN , CHAZEAU JEAN , DEJEAN ALAIN , KELLER LAURENT , ESTOUP ARNAUD 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHighly polymorphic genetic markers provide a useful tool for estimating genetic parameters in studies of the evolution of sociality in insects. We isolated and characterized 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the invasive ant, Wasmannia auropunctata, and described experimental conditions for PCR (polymerase chain reaction) multiplexing and simultaneously genotyping these loci in two sets of five and seven markers. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 14 and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.233 to 0.967. Moreover, results of cross‐species amplification tests are reported in three other species of Wasmannia and in two species of the genus Allomerus.
Identification and characterization of microsatellite markers in Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni, Testudinidae)
Authors: FORLANI A. , CRESTANELLO B. , MANTOVANI S. , LIVOREIL B. , ZANE L. , BERTORELLE G. , CONGIU L. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe isolation and characterization of six polymorphic loci from a Testudo hermanni genomic library is reported. Enrichment was performed for AC but four of the characterized microsatellites present also an additional motif. Variability was tested on populations of the two recognized subspecies, Testudo hermanni hermanni and Testudo hermanni boettgeri. For one locus, a size range specific for the subspecies T. h. hermanni was observed. These are the first primers identified directly in the genome of T. hermanni
Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci from the European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus
Authors: LANDI M. , GAROIA F. , PICCINETTI C. , TINTI F. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus L., Engraulidae) is a widely spread fish resource which is overexploited along its area of distribution. A proper knowledge of the population genetic structure of this fish species is crucial to allow a sustainable management of fishery stocks. We developed five polymorphic microsatellite loci (expected heterozygosity per locus ranging from 0.46 to 0.97) for E. encrasicolus. These genetic markers can be applied to define the population genetic structure of European anchovy.
Microsatellite primers for the Atlantic coastal killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, with applicability to related Fundulus species
Authors: ADAMS STEPHANIE M. , OLEKSIAK MARJORIE F. , DUVERNELL DAVID D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), a common Atlantic coastal killifish, is a model vertebrate species for the study of molecular genetic variation in natural populations and of environmental toxicology. We report the development of a set of 20 microsatellite loci in this species. Average expected heterozygosity across all loci was 0.84 (range: 0.60–0.97), revealing a high level of variability at most loci. A survey of seven additional Fundulus species yielded one or two robust amplification products in over half (63%) of the species–primer combinations tested. Therefore, many of these loci will also prove useful in studies of other members of the genus Fundulus.
Development and characterization of novel tetra‐, tri‐, and dinucleotide microsatellite markers in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: SPIES I. B. , BRASIER D. J. , O'REILLY P. T. L. , SEAMONS T. R. , BENTZEN P. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe discuss the development and characterization of 40 polymorphic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) microsatellite loci. We used enriched libraries to isolate 14 dinucleotide, seven trinucleodide, eight compound di/tetranucleotide, and 11 tetranucleotide loci. These markers will be useful for selective breeding via marker‐assisted selection, population genetics studies, parentage analysis, and have already been used for genome mapping.
Characterization of 13 single nucleotide polymorphism markers for chum salmon
Authors: SMITH C. T. , BAKER J. , PARK L. , SEEB L. W. , ELFSTROM C. , ABE S. , SEEB J. E. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractWe report the characterization of 13 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays for chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta). These assays are based on the 5′‐nuclease reaction and thus facilitate high‐throughput genotyping with minimal optimization time. Because data generated using these markers may be transported and combined across laboratories, SNPs offer the potential to reduce the amount of redundant work being done in mixture and migratory studies of chum salmon.
Microsatellite markers for two stifftail ducks: the white‐headed duck, Oxyura leucocephala, and the ruddy duck, O. jamaicensis
Authors: MUÑOZ‐FUENTES VIOLETA , GYLLENSTRAND NICLAS , NEGRO JUAN J. , GREEN ANDY J. , VILÀ CARLES 
Published: May 2005

AbstractHybridization with a close relative, the North American ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis), is a major problem for the conservation of the endangered white‐headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala). We report the development of 11 microsatellite markers that can facilitate the identification of hybrids as well as the study of the population structure of both species across their distributions. These markers were tested in 63 white‐headed ducks and 50 ruddy ducks and show a larger diversity in the latter species.
Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites in Labeo rohita and their cross‐species amplification in related species
Authors: DAS P. , BARAT A. , MEHER P. K. , RAY P. P. , MAJUMDAR D. 
Published: May 2005

AbstractThe major Indian carps namely rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) and calbasu (Labeo calbasu) are important freshwater species of the Indian subcontinent constituting over 65% of the fish produce. In the present study, isolation of 12 microsatellite loci from rohu has been reported. Cross‐species amplification in related carps and their implication in population genetic studies as well as selective breeding program were discussed.