bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite groups with modular 𝜎-subnormal subgroups
Authors: Liu A-Ming , Chen Mingzhu , Safonova Inna N. , Skiba Alexander N. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Let 𝜎 be a partition of the set of prime numbers.
In this paper, we describe the finite groups for which every 𝜎-subnormal subgroup is modular.
Evaluating the Quality of State Hazard Mitigation Plans Based on Hazard Identification, Risk, and Vulnerability Assessments
Authors: Habets Margot , Jackson Sarah L. , Baker Savannah L. , Huang Qian , Blackwood Leah , Kemp Erin M. , Cutter Susan L. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
U.S. State Hazard Mitigation Plans (SHMPs) identify hazards, locate jurisdictional vulnerabilities and risks, and prioritize state hazard mitigation actions. As environmental hazards become more prevalent and costlier due to climate change, these mitigation plans and activities serve as critical decision-making tools for disaster risk reduction. This investigation systematically evaluates all fifty SHMPs on Hazards Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) quality. This assessment of HIRA quality examines three elements: (1) adherence to FEMA HIRA requirements; (2) incorporation of social vulnerability analysis; and (3) risk assessment methodology. The evaluation considers the new FEMA requirements and additional best practices to illustrate necessary improvements as states undergo revisions for their next SHMP update. Results find that most states meet a majority of FEMA’s plan requirements. Still, only twenty-seven SHMPs examine either social vulnerability or hazard risk at the sub-state level, and only seven states consider both. Ignoring sub-state variability in vulnerability and hazard risk can lead to misunderstanding true hazard risk at the local level, inequitable mitigation planning, and higher rates of future loss among underserved populations. Plans that employ a quantitative risk scoring methodology score higher on average, serving as best practice examples for SHMP improvement.
Planting a path to kidney health: The vegetarian diet and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Maqbool Mudasir , Dar Mohd Altaf , Ara Irfat 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
About 40% of people with diabetes experience diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is the main cause of renal problems. The aberrant urine albumin excretion rate, diabetic glomerular lesions, and a reduction in glomerular filtration rate are its defining characteristics. Numerous studies have found a strong link between eating animal protein and conditions like glucagon activation, insulin resistance, proteinuria, microalbuminuria, and the worsening of kidney problems in diabetic individuals. A vegan diet, which forgoes all animal products including leather and other non-edibles like fish, shellfish, and insects as well as dairy, eggs, and honey, has demonstrated significant benefits. It has been connected to enhanced insulin sensitivity, less glucagon activation, a decreased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD), and a slowed rate of DN progression. According to several studies, avoiding animal products and switching to plant-based protein sources can be a better nutritional plan than simply limiting dietary protein. This change may prove very helpful in reducing the risk of kidney and cardiovascular illnesses, especially for those who have diabetes and severe insulin resistance in addition to CKD. A vegan diet contains considerable benefits for those with diabetes and CKD, acting as a brake on the advancement of DN and renal failure, according to the literature evaluation done for this study. Nevertheless, more interventional studies involving humans are needed to elucidate the processes underlying the increased insulin sensitivity brought on by vegan diets. It is also advised to conduct more research to fully explore the effectiveness and security of vegan diets in people with diabetes and DN.
Multilayer designs comprising zirconium nitride and perovskites as a novel angular plasmonic biomedical sensor
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H. M. , Sabra Walied , Hajjiah Ali , Elsayed Hussein A. , Mehaney Ahmed , Ali Ghassan Ahmed , Ali Yahya Ali Abdelrahman , Mohamed Wael S. , Ahmed Ashour M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a comparison between different configurations of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors has been theoretically conducted to improve the performance of the designed biosensor. The proposed biosensor configurations contain zirconium nitride (ZrN) as an alternative plasmonic material, which comprises different perovskite materials (KNbO3, LiTaO3, LiNbO3, SrTiO3, and BaTiO3) in the visible region. Depending on the study calculations, the reflection spectra of the suggested designs were studied under the angular interrogation mode based on Fresnel coefficients for the transverse magnetic polarized light. The numerical findings demonstrated that the SPR biosensor, which has the configuration of [Prism/BaTiO3/ZrN/BaTiO3/Biosensing medium], represents the best biosensor due to its higher sensitivity and minimum reflectivity values. Meanwhile, sensitivity could receive 179.58 (deg/RIU). Therefore, it is believed that the proposed SPR biosensor designs could be promising through wide-ranging applications, specifically in biomedical, chemical, and environmental protection.
Improving Roof Surface Temperature Control Using Heat-Reflective Inorganic Composition for Paint and Coating Application
Authors: Parikh Kian , Mehta Shubham , Gajjar Chandani , Patel Hemang , Patel Gautam 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The increasing global temperatures and thermal islands have made cooling living spaces a pressing issue. Climate change and global energy use cause thermal islands. Greenhouse gas emissions and increasingly expensive and scarce energy supplies are causing disruptive global climate change. The use of energy, heat production, and greenhouse gas emissions caused by building air-conditioning increase the demand for cooling in developed environments. The dearth of sufficient electrical infrastructure for cooling buildings has increased summertime fatalities, including in places such as South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Energy efficiency mitigates the rising cost of energy by reducing those emissions. The rise in surface temperature due to sunlight absorption needs to be reradiated to the sky, or it will conduct through roof spaces toward the ceiling and radiate downwards through insulation batts. Passive cooling technologies, which are environmentally friendly substitutes for extensions of aggressive cooling techniques can solve these problems. In this instance, we focus on the passive daytime radiative cooling of building envelopes and suggest that inorganic composition-based paints are well-suited for use in buildings worldwide. Selective absorption or scattering of light alters the appearance of the coating through inorganic composition. The present investigation focuses on incorporating various inorganic compositions into paint and reducing surface temperature after applying it to walls.
Kishōtenketsu as Leitmotif
Authors: Anatone Richard 
Published: November 2023

Final Fantasy VII (1997) is perhaps best known for its compelling story and memorable soundtrack. Like many of the other games within the franchise, storytelling within FF7 is heavily rooted in the Kishōtenketsu storytelling format. This four-part structure favors character development over conflict and establishes strong psychological connections between the characters. Nobuo Uematsu’s penchant for leitmotivic scoring strengthens these bonds further, creating a tripartite connection between story, music, and the audience. And while his compositional styles draw heavily from Western traditions found in film and opera throughout much of his oeuvre, it is apparent that Kishōtenketsu bears tremendous influence on his treatment of FF7’s score, especially as it pertains to the game’s main theme.
This article addresses the musico-dramatic influences that Kishōtenketsu has on Uematsu’s compositional strategies regarding FF7’s main theme, its various transformations, and their strategic deployment over the course of the game. After discussing FF7 through the principles of Kishōtenketsu, I provide a thorough leitmotivic analysis of the self-titled “Main Theme to Final Fantasy VII,” identifying the Tarnhelm progression within its opening phrase as Cloud’s leitmotif. I suggest that the harmonic and tonal ambiguity inherent within the infamous progression symbolizes Cloud’s own struggles with identity and memory. Uematsu musically depicts the entire game’s story arc within the “Main Theme” through his use of musical allusion to other characters, as well as his subtle approach to harmonic and motivic development. As Cloud’s leitmotif is only found in a handful of the main theme’s transformations, I conduct leitmotivic analyses on these themes, emphasizing their strategic deployment within scenes that depict his struggles with his trauma. Moreover, these different transformations are all paired together at key moments in the game, suggesting a wider leitmotivic network surrounding the “Main Theme.” Ultimately, the symbiotic relationship between Uematsu’s leitmotivic language and the story’s Kishōtenketsu structure help us to identify new symbolic meaning within the game, its story, and the soundtrack.
Removal of Chlortetracycline Chlorhydrate by Photo-Fenton Process
Authors: Boucherit Nabila , Hanini Salah , Ibrir Abdellah , Laidi Maamar , Roubehie-Fissa Mohamed 
Published: November 2023

The present work aimed to study the feasibility of photo-Fenton oxidation for the degradation of chlortetracycline chlorhydrate (CTC) in aqueous solutions, as well as the modelling of system behaviour by artificial neural networks. The removal performance of CTC oxidation by the Photo-Fenton process was studied under solar radiation. Different parameters were studied, such as pH (3 to 5), and initial concentrations of CTC (0.1 to 10 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;), hydrogen peroxide (1.701 to 190.478 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;), and ferrous ions (2.8 to 103.6 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt;). Results showed that a high removal efficiency of 92 % was achieved at pH 3 under optimised conditions, such as 10 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt; of CTC, 127.552 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt; of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and 36.4 mg l&lt;sup&gt;–1&lt;/sup&gt; of Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;. The transformation of CTC molecules was proved by UV-visible and HPLC analyses, which showed that almost no CTC molecules were remaining in the treated solution. A multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network has been developed to predict the experimental removal efficiency of CTC based on four dimensionless inputs: molecular weight, and initial concentrations of CTC, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions. The best network has been found with a high determination coefficient of 0.9960, and with a very acceptable root mean square error 0.0108. In addition, the global sensitivity analysis confirms that the most influential parameter for the CTC removal by photo-Fenton oxidation is the initial concentration of ferrous cations with a relative importance of 33 %.
Use of progestagens to preserve pregnancy: modern approaches
Authors: Zhuk S.I. , Us I.V. 
Published: November 2023

Review objectives: to summarize current and clinical data on the role of progesterone support in women at risk of miscarriage and premature pregnancy according to the standards of evidence-based medicine. Control of plasma progesterone levels is a fundamental tool for managing the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies. The association of a low level of serum progesterone with lower rates of current pregnancy and live birth in cycles of assisted reproductive technologies was revealed. Patients with low serum progesterone on the day of embryo transfer need individualized support of the luteal phase, which involves adding additional doses of progesterone to standard regimens.
Vaginal micronized progesterone is currently believed to be the only progestogen that increases the likelihood of a live birth in women with bleeding in early pregnancy which has one or more miscarriages.
Vaginal progesterone can be considered for patients with a high risk of miscarriage in the following modes: with vaginal bleeding and a history of one or more miscarriages (threatened miscarriage) – 400 mg twice a day, starting with the detection of vaginal bleeding up to 16 full weeks of pregnancy; with a history of three or more pregnancy losses of unknown etiology (habitual miscarriage) – asymptomatic patients вЂ” 200 mg twice a day up to 12 full weeks of pregnancy; patients with vaginal bleeding – 400 mg 2 times a day up to 16 weeks of pregnancy. Currently, there is no evidence of the effectiveness other forms of progesterone and other doses.
Conclusions. Vaginal micronized progesterone demonstrated: high efficiency as a standard of luteal phase support; increasing the chance of a live birth in women with a double risk factor for miscarriage (vaginal bleeding in the 1st trimester and в‰Ґ1 previous miscarriage); the absence of safety problems for the fetus and the health of newborns when used in the early and late stages of pregnancy.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONTACT (EPICONTACT) INVESTIGATION OF COVID-19 AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN KUNINGAN REGENCY, INDONESIA
Authors: Heriana Cecep , Moh. Said Faridah Binti , Yasmin Farzana , Nurrika Dieta , Nugroho Purwo Setiyo 
Published: November 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 has spread throughout the world with more than 61, 27 million patients infected, including in education clusters that implement boarding schools. Contact investigations on the cluster are necessary to control the spread of the virus. Aims: To describe the epidemiological contact pattern of investigation results in the Islamic Boarding School cluster in Kuningan Regency. Methods: The design of this study is descriptive with epidemiological approach. The population is all students of Pondok Pesantren X, as many as 164 students, a sample of 157 students who are positive for COVID-19, and research instrument for the COVID-19 outbreak is investigation form, the variables studied included age, gender, symptoms, duration of contact, number of contacts, number of contact groups and place of contact. Result: Univariate data analysis with epi-contact analysis show: sex: 33.3% male, 60.03% female, average age 15.05 years, the average number of contacts 3.25 people, the average number of male contacts 2.62 and female 3.39, number of male contact groups 41, number of female contact groups 91. Age of value p=0.037. Conclusions: Contact pattern conclusions are mostly in female with the number of contacts between 3-4 people and age is related to the number of contacts. Limiting contact when there is suspicion is necessary to prevent transmission.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE USE OF DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES IN LOCAL ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS ACCORDING TO THE CRITERION OF MINIMUM LOSS OF ELECTRICITY
Authors: Denysiuk Sergii , Hilevych Kateryna 
Published: November 2023

The issue of optimizing the use of distributed energy resources in local electric power systems (LES) based on the criterion of minimum power loss is considered. It was determined that an important step in optimizing the use of distributed energy resources in the LES is the development of an energy router that allows devices that generate, store, and consume electricity to be combined into a single system at low voltage (without integration into medium voltage electrical networks). The energy router itself can be positioned as a basic device that ensures the operation of LES, the interaction of neighboring LES at the level of energy and information exchange, and the integration of specific LES to medium voltage distribution networks.
It is shown that the basic component of the evaluation of the effective functioning of energy routers and the platform approach in the LES, in accordance with the requirements of the Energy Internet, is the analysis of the components of electricity losses, the influence on their level of various factors, as well as the formation of appropriate energy efficiency criteria and the assessment of the partial impact of LES elements. It is proposed to carry out a description of energy processes during the decomposition of Frize reactive power with the allocation of reactive and active current in the controlled intersections of the system. The decomposition of the QF power into components under the action of various causes (factors) of additional electricity losses in the LES, in particular, due to different modes of operation of generators and LES loads (voltage and current spectra), both during the period of system operation and for an arbitrary period of time, was considered. which is determined by technological factors of system operation.
The use of Frize power made it possible to take into account the energy supply processes of LES loads on alternating and direct current from a single point of view, in particular, to assess the impact of a combination of various factors of the appearance of additional electricity losses; comparison of electricity losses for different time intervals through a selected controlled intersection, when the direction of the flow of electricity is constant or the direction of the flow of electricity changes during separate time intervals; analysis of electricity losses in direct and alternating current systems of LES or hybrid systems, where modified capacities are introduced, as integral estimates of the discrepancy, which determines the influence of distorting factors; assessment of the impact of changes in voltage and current in the intersection of LES of limited power on the components of additional losses; analysis of changes in load consumption of active power according to the first harmonic and higher harmonics as integral indicators.
The Cooperation between Indonesia and UNHCR in dealing with Afghan Muslem Refugees (Case Study: Riau Province, 2021-2022).
Authors: Renolafitri Hendrini , Fadhila Naufal , Dewi Nevy Rusmarina 
Published: November 2023

<p>The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) plays a crucial role in safeguarding and upholding the rights of refugees worldwide. In November 2021, extensive demonstrations by Afghan refugees occurred across Indonesia, including in Pekanbaru city, Riau Province. These protests persisted on a weekly basis until November 2022. Indonesia served as a transit country for Afghan refugees enroute to their final destination, primarily Australia. The choice of Indonesia as a transit point was driven by its geographical proximity and perceived cultural similarities, particularly in terms of being predominantly Islamic nations. These similarities were expected to foster solidarity and aid in the evacuation process. However, despite these perceived similarities, they found themselves still trapped in Indonesia for an extended period, compelling them to implore UNHCR to expedite the resettlement process. It is noteworthy that Indonesia has not ratified the 1951 Convention, thereby relieving the country of technical responsibility towards international refugees. Nonetheless, given the inevitable nature of the situation, Indonesia and UNHCR must collaborate to effectively address and manage the challenges at hand.</p><p> </p>
The Effect of Implant Density on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Fusion
Authors: Larson A. Noelle , Polly David W. , Sponseller Paul D. , Kelly Michael P. , Richards B. Stephens , Garg Sumeet , Parent Stefan , Shah Suken A. , Weinstein Stuart L. , Crawford Charles H. , Sanders James O. , Blakemore Laurel C. , Oetgen Matthew E. , Fletcher Nicholas D. , Kremers Walter K. , Marks Michelle C. , Brearley Ann M. , Aubin Carl-Eric , Sucato Daniel J. , Labelle Hubert , Erickson Mark A. ,   the Minimize Implants Maximize Outcomes Study Group
Published: November 2023

Background:
Severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be treated with instrumented fusion, but the number of anchors needed for optimal correction is controversial.

Methods:
We conducted a multicenter, randomized study that included patients undergoing spinal fusion for single thoracic curves between 45° and 65°, the most common form of operatively treated AIS. Of the 211 patients randomized, 108 were assigned to a high-density screw pattern and 103, to a low-density screw pattern. Surgeons were instructed to use ≥1.8 implants per spinal level fused for patients in the high-implant-density group or ≤1.4 implants per spinal level fused for patients in the low-implant-density group. The primary outcome measure was the percent correction of the coronal curve at the 2-year follow-up. The power analysis for this trial required 174 patients to show equivalence, defined as a 95% confidence interval (CI) within a ±10% correction margin with a probability of 90%.

Results:
In the intention-to-treat analysis, the mean percent correction of the coronal curve was equivalent between the high-density and low-density groups at the 2-year follow-up (67.6% versus 65.7%; difference, −1.9% [95% CI: −6.1%, 2.2%]). In the per-protocol cohorts, the mean percent correction of the coronal curve was also equivalent between the 2 groups at the 2-year follow-up (65.0% versus 66.1%; difference, 1.1% [95% CI: −3.0%, 5.2%]). A total of 6 patients in the low-density group and 5 patients in the high-density group required reoperation (p = 1.0).

Conclusions:
In the setting of spinal fusion for primary thoracic AIS curves between 45° and 65°, the percent coronal curve correction obtained with use of a low-implant-density construct and that obtained with use of a high-implant-density construct were equivalent.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.