bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding smallholder decision‐making to increase farm tree diversity: Enablers and barriers for forest landscape restoration in Western Kenya
Authors: Bosshard Ennia , Carter Harrison , Aluso Lillian , Chumba Reuben , Kaiser‐Bunbury Christopher N. , Kettle Chris J. , Nuno Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Integrating diverse trees and shrubs (hereafter ‘trees’) in agricultural landscapes has emerged as a crucial nature‐based solution to the triple challenge of biodiversity loss, climate change and food security. The potential benefits of on‐farm trees for both people and nature, however, are often constrained by inadequate consideration of local socio‐ecological factors and an overall lack of species diversity. A deeper understanding of what drives farmers' decision‐making in diversifying farm trees is needed to ensure that scaling up tree‐based restoration efforts in smallholder landscapes delivers the promised benefits locally and globally.

We conducted surveys with 620 smallholder farmers across Vihiga County in Western Kenya using an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour to investigate potential drivers of smallholder intentions to grow more diverse woody plants on their farms. Data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).

We found that farmers were more likely to diversify on‐farm trees if they had completed education beyond secondary school, derived all their income from their farms, were household heads and were among the wealthiest 20% of farmers.

Our results revealed that farmers' decisions about increasing tree diversity were also influenced by socio‐psychological factors, namely their past experiences, the perceived behaviour and opinions of other farmers, their confidence in their ability to increase tree diversity, and their attitudes toward the expected outcomes of growing a wider range of tree species. Key barriers preventing farmers from diversifying were concerns about attracting harmful wildlife, decreasing soil fertility, small farm sizes, lack of time and knowledge, and certain cultural beliefs about planting trees.

Synthesis and applications. Understanding the factors influencing farmers' intentions to increase tree diversity on their farms has substantial implications for the success of nature‐based solutions in Western Kenya and other densely populated smallholder landscapes. Addressing the identified barriers and enablers is crucial to design targeted interventions to promote sustainable tree diversification practices among smallholders to bolster local livelihoods and food security while contributing to biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.

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‘CP 16‐1883’ a new sugarcane cultivar released for Florida organic soils
Authors: Coto Arbelo Orlando , Momotaz Aliya , Sood Sushma , Islam Md S. , Baltazar Miguel , Davidson Wayne , Sandhu Hardev S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn South Florida, sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is cultivated on muck (organic) and sandy (mineral) soils. In 2022, 119,014 ha of sugarcane was grown on muck soil, which encompassed 72.2% of the total sugarcane acreage in Florida. The Canal Point (CP) sugarcane breeding program has the mandate of developing improved sugarcane cultivars for Florida growers. ‘CP 16‐1883’ (Reg. no. CV‐219, PI 705625), a sugarcane cultivar, and complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research of the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League and was released to growers in Florida on June 6, 2023. CP 16‐1883 was selected from the cross CPX13‐0991 made at CP Sugarcane Field Station on December 9, 2013; varieties ‘CPCL 05‐1201’ and ‘CP 07‐1746’ were the female and male parents, respectively. CP 16‐1883 was selected from the early stages of selection based on its high cane yield, sucrose content, and sugar yield, and its acceptable resistance to main diseases affecting sugarcane in South Florida. Replicated trials, including CP 16‐1883, were planted on muck soils at five locations and harvested during three crops cycles at each location. The overall cane yield, commercial recoverable sucrose, sucrose content, and the economic index of CP 16‐1883 were higher than the reference cultivars. In addition, CP 16‐1883 displays good ratooning ability for cane yield and minimal Pol and sucrose decreases after freezing temperatures.
Review Paper on the Field Measurement of Parcel Packaging Drop for Testing Purposes
Authors: Böröcz Péter , Németh Zsófia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe parcel delivery shipping industry has developed rapidly all over the world in the last 10–15 years. These parcel packages are generally small and have a high risk of damage due to the numerous handling events during delivery services. Inefficient packaging solutions can lead to significant costs and increase the occurrence of product damage. This problem is widely known, and packaging engineers have tried to simulate field physical events in the laboratory to optimize the protective packaging system. Drop events during parcel delivery are one of the primary causes of damage for small individual shipments and need to be precisely simulated to achieve optimized product protection. Over the past 50 years, drop tests have become common practice as a pre‐shipment test for parcel packages, and many devices have been developed to measure and observe these physical events during package transit. Due to the nature of packages and their variations, different field measurements and observations have been presented across continents and countries and have been implemented in general practices. A review of drop event observations is required to summarize and critically evaluate recent results. This review begins with an overview of the drop observation methods [real drop height (RDH) and effective drop height (EDH)], then discusses methods proposed by standards organizations, followed by a focus on the setup and materials of measuring systems used by researchers to record the events. Finally, a summary of previous results is presented, which can serve as a guide for further research on the topic.
PEARL: Protein Eluting Alginate with Recombinant Lactobacilli
Authors: Tadimarri Varun Sai , Blanch‐Asensio Marc , Deshpande Ketaki , Baumann Jonas , Baumann Carole , Müller Rolf , Trujillo Sara , Sankaran Shrikrishnan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEngineered living materials (ELMs) made of bacteria in hydrogels have shown considerable promise for therapeutic applications through controlled and sustained release of complex biopharmaceuticals at low costs and with reduced wastage. While most therapeutic ELMs use E. coli due to its large genetic toolbox, most live biotherapeutic bacteria in development are lactic acid bacteria due to native health benefits they offer. Among these, lactobacilli form the largest family of probiotics with therapeutic potential in almost all sites of the body with a microbiome. A major factor limiting the use of lactobacilli in ELMs is their limited genetic toolbox. This study expands on recent work to expand the genetic programmability of probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1 for protein secretion and encapsulate it in a simple, cost‐effective, and biocompatible core–shell alginate bead to develop an ELM. The controlled release of recombinant proteins is demonstrated, even up to 14 days from this ELM, thereby terming it PEARL – Protein Eluting Alginate with Recombinant Lactobacilli. Notably, lactobacillus encapsulation offered benefits like bacterial containment, protein release profile stabilization, and metabolite‐induced cytotoxicity prevention. These findings demonstrate the mutual benefits of combining recombinant lactobacilli with alginate for the controlled and sustained release of proteins.
Tailoring of Selective Chemo‐Responsiveness in Liquid Crystals via Organic Ionic Plastic Crystals
Authors: Choi Jin‐Kang , Jeong Kyeong‐Jun , Choi Yena , Kim Won‐Sik , Shin Jong Chan , Im Jun‐Hyung , Kim Hyein , Lee Minjae , Son Chang Yun , Kim Young‐Ki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLiquid crystals (LCs) are widely used as promising stimuli‐responsive materials due to their unique combination of liquid and crystalline properties, providing the capability to sense even molecular‐scale events and amplify them into macroscopic optical outputs. However, encoding a high level of selectivity to a specific intermolecular event remains a key challenge, leading to prior studies regarding chemically functionalized LC interfaces. Herein, we propose an integrative strategy to significantly advance the design of chemo‐responsive LCs through a deep fundamental understanding on the orientational coupling of LCs with new functional molecules, organic ionic plastic crystals (OIs), presented at LC interfaces. In combination with computational simulations and experimental validations, we reveal the correlative interplay between LCs and each functional group in OI (di‐cationic headgroup, aliphatic tails, and counter anions) to offer an excellent degree of freedom in tailoring the chemo‐responsive features in LCs. Especially, we find the crystalline nature of OIs to provide new insights into the effects of counter anions, generating distinct quadrupolar interactions with adjacent molecules. Overall, our results provide generalizable design principles for the chemo‐responsive materials that can explicitly distinguish the specific intermolecular event such as molecular bindings of OIs with acetic acid from those with propionic acid (one carbon difference).
Dual‐Source Evaporation Processed Novel NaBiS2 Absorber Material for Eco‐Friendly and Stable Photovoltaics
Authors: Yi Zijun , Zhang Long , Zhang Wenguang , Huang Yihuai , Xiong Yuchen , Huang Changkai , Shen Guibin , Basit Abdul , Ren Xuehong , Luo Yubo , Li Xin , Yang Junyou 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExploring and developing novel, low‐cost, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic materials is a vital trend in the evolution of solar cell technology. The distinctive properties of alkali bismuth ternary sulfides have spurred increased research and application in optoelectronic devices. In this study, a novel method is reported for preparing NaBiS2 film by sequential thermal evaporation of Na2S and Bi2S3 layers followed by heating post‐treatment for the first time, as well as the preparation of solar cells with NaBiS2 as the light‐absorbing layer. Based on X‐ray diffraction and Raman analysis, the prepared NaBiS2 film is confirmed to be a single‐phase material, without the presence of any secondary phases. Additionally, the photoelectric characteristics of NaBiS2 are investigated and incorporated this material into solar cell devices. By optimizing the device architecture, the solar cell utilizing NaBiS2 as the light‐absorbing layer achieved a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 2.91%, which is the highest efficiency reported for NaBiS2 solar cells up to now. The research has provided a valuable perspective and path for the development of novel photovoltaic materials in the solar cell field.
Dual‐Induced Directed Deposition Mechanism Based on Anionic Surfactants Enables Long Cycle Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Bing , Lu Tiantian , Bai Xiang , Zhang Jiahui , Chang Xinyue , Hou Lifeng , Wei Yinghui , Wang Qian , Ni Jiangfeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion battery has low cost, and environmental friendliness, emerging as a promising candidate for next‐generation battery systems. However, it still suffers from a limited cycling life, caused by dendritic Zn growth and severe side reactions. Recent research highlights that the Zn (002) crystal plane exhibits superior anti‐corrosive properties and a horizontal growth pattern. However, achieving uniform deposition on the Zn (002) plane remains a formidable challenge. Here, preferential rapid growth of the Zn (002) plane is manipulated via the dual‐induced deposition effect of anionic surfactant (2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid, AMPS), achieving Zn metal anode with ultralong cycle life. AMPS can preferentially adsorb on the Zn (100) and Zn (101) crystal planes, exposing the Zn (002) plane as a nucleation site for Zn2+ ions, while the abundant presence of amide groups in AMPS can form fast ion channels, inducing rapid and uniform Zn deposition. Thus, even using 30 µm Zn foils, the symmetric cells can maintain a stable plating‐stripping process over 5000 h, and Zn.
Group Transfer Learning for High‐Dimensional Linear Regression
Authors: Chen Chen , Xu Dawei , Ding Juan , Zhang Junjian , Xiong Wenjun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTransfer learning is a powerful technique for enhancing parameter estimation in target datasets by incorporating information from related source datasets. However, traditional transfer learning methods often assess the overall transferability of source data without fully considering partially transferable components. To address this, we propose a novel group transfer learning (GTL) algorithm that efficiently integrates both fully and partially transferable data by grouping parameters based on their transferability. Our approach includes an adaptive mechanism to identify transferable parameter groups when their transferability is unknown. We provide theoretical guarantees for the effectiveness of the GTL algorithm in parameter estimation and its ability to accurately detect transferable segments. Extensive simulations and real‐world case studies demonstrate that our method surpasses existing approaches in estimation accuracy and robustness.
Steam sterilisation of disposable surgical gowns does not compromise resistance to wet microbial penetration
Authors: Stael Janne , Haspeslagh Maarten , Beekhuis Ilse , Martens Ann 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundReuse of disposable medical products is common practice in veterinary medicine; however, studies on the safety of such reuse are often lacking. This study aimed to determine whether steam sterilisation of disposable surgical gowns compromises their resistance to wet microbial penetration.MethodsTwenty surgical gowns were removed from their sterile packaging, manipulated, wetted, dried and subsequently repacked and steam sterilised. The protocol was performed once (groups A and C) or twice (groups B and D) for both spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond (SMMMS) (groups A and B) and spunlace (groups C and D) fabric types. Wet microbial penetration tests, carried out according to the European Standard EN ISO 22610, were performed and the barrier index (IB) was calculated to assess the performance requirements.ResultsThe mean IB of the SMMMS fabric (groups A and B) and the spunlace fabric (groups C and D) were 3.496, 3.182, 3.206 and 3.490, respectively. The mean IB for all groups was significantly greater than 2.8 (group A: p = 0.005; groups B, C and D: p < 0.001).LimitationsThis was an experimental study with a small sample size, and only one of nine performance requirements specified in the relevant European standards was tested. Furthermore, no cleaning process was implemented, so the test results cannot be directly extrapolated to real‐world clinical settings.ConclusionIn terms of wet microbial penetration, as defined by European standards, disposable surgical gowns made of SMMMS or spunlace can be safely steam sterilised up to two times.
An online case‐based radiology course improves veterinary students’ day one competency in small animal radiographic interpretation
Authors: Devine Elizabeth , Hunt Julie A. , Mavromatis Marina V. , Anderson Stacy L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAccurate radiographic interpretation is an important day one skill. A case‐based radiology course (CBC) demonstrated better learning outcomes than a lecture‐based course (LBC) immediately and after a one‐semester period. The aim of this study was to compare long‐term learning outcomes of both groups.MethodsVeterinary students who took both the CBC and LBC during their fourth or fifth semesters (n = 21) were compared to students who only completed the LBC (n = 17) regarding their ability to interpret small animal radiographs and write radiology reports at graduation (end of ninth semester).ResultsStudents who completed the CBC scored better on both radiology reports than LBC students. All students reported similar frequency and role in interpreting radiographs during clinical training. However, students who took the CBC were more confident in their ability to interpret radiographs.LimitationsStudents who completed the CBC may have had more interest in radiology or may have been more self‐motivated to learn radiology. However, there were no measured differences in CBC and LBC students’ self‐reported role or frequency of reading radiographs during clinical training.ConclusionsIntroducing a CBC in students’ fourth or fifth semester improved students’ competency in radiographic interpretation and report writing upon graduation 2 years later. This study supports active learning methods in teaching radiology and the use of case‐based learning in the preclinical phase.
Service Innovation in the Eyes of Customers: The Swedish Innovation Index
Authors: Pilawa Joanna , Witell Lars , Kristensson Per 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The growing importance of service has brought greater opportunities for service innovations to influence the market and improve both customers’ and firms’ situations. Despite efforts by firms to develop service innovations, they often fail to introduce new services on the market. Ultimately, customers are the ones to assess, buy, and use a new service. That is why the Swedish Innovation Index was introduced as a customer-centric perspective on service innovation, which measures firms based on customers’ perceptions of their innovations. This allows firms to predict the future adoption of new services and the relative attractiveness of the firms. The Swedish Innovation Index provides a new perspective that is independent of the firm-centric view of innovation. It opens avenues for both managers and academics to observe, predict, and better utilize the potential of service innovations.
Diagnostic utility of chest wall vessel involvement sign on ultra-high-resolution CT for primary lung cancer infiltrating the chest wall
Authors: Uota Fuga , Iwano Shingo , Kamiya Shinichiro , Ito Rintaro , Nakamura Shota , Chen-Yoshikawa Toyofumi Fengshi , Naganawa Shinji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Chest wall infiltration in primary lung cancer affects the surgical and therapeutic strategies. This study evaluates the efficacy of the chest wall vessel involvement in subpleural lung cancer (CWVI)　on ultra-high-resolution CT (UHR-CT) for detecting chest wall invasion.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of lung cancer cases with confirmed pleural and chest wall invasion was conducted from November 2019 to April 2022. Seventy-seven patients (mean ± standard deviation age 70 ± 8 years, 64 males) who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced UHR-CT were included. They were grouped into 51 non-chest wall infiltration (pl1 and pl2) and 26 chest wall infiltration (pl3). Clinical, histopathological, and UHR-CT findings were reviewed.

Results
Upper lobe tumors exhibited a higher chest wall invasion rate (p < 0.001). Rib destruction was evident in five patients with chest wall invasion but none with pleural invasion (p < 0.001). CWVI was present in 19 of 26 patients with chest wall invasion and 2 of 51 patients with pleural invasion (p < 0.001). The maximum tumor diameter (Dmax), arch distance which means the interface length between the primary tumor and the chest wall (Adist), and the ratio of Dmax to Adist were higher in chest wall invasion cases (all p < 0.001). After excluding patients with rib destruction, in multivariate logistic regression analysis, only CWVI was a significant predictor for chest wall invasion (odds ratio 29.22 (95% confidence interval 9.13–262.90), p < 0.001).

Conclusion
CWVI on UHR-CT can help diagnose lung cancer infiltrating the chest wall, offering a potential tool for clinical decision-making.

Key Points

Question

Chest wall infiltration in primary lung cancer has implications for the treatment plan, but diagnosis is often difficult with conventional CT.

Findings

Chest wall vessel involvement in subpleural lung cancer on ultra-high-resolution CT is a valuable predictor for diagnosing chest wall infiltration.

Clinical relevance

The delineation of chest wall vessels with contrast-enhanced ultra-high-resolution CT may improve the diagnosis of chest wall infiltration and allow accurate staging and optimal treatment options for subpleural primary lung cancer.

Graphical Abstract
Evaluating the role of moonlight-darkness dynamics as proximate spawning cues in an Acropora coral
Authors: de la Torre Cerro Rubén , Beauchamp Elizabeth , Buzzoni Daisy , Craggs Jamie , East Holly , Edwards Alasdair , Golbuu Yimnang , Humanes Adriana , Lachs Liam , Martínez Helios , Mill Aileen , van der Steeg Eveline , Ward Alex , Guest James R. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For sessile broadcast spawning marine invertebrates, such as corals, successful sexual reproduction depends on conspecifics spawning synchronously. The precise monthly, lunar, and diel timing and the extent of synchrony, i.e., proportion of population reproducing at the same time, are likely to play a key role in coral population recovery, persistence, and adaptation. Despite its importance, the mechanisms by which different environmental factors trigger corals to spawn on specific dates within the lunar cycle remain poorly understood. Periods of darkness post-sunset around full moon of the spawning month have been shown to induce spawning in merulinid corals, whereas for Acropora, moonlight is considered the main determinant driver of night of spawning. Here, we conducted two manipulative field experiments around full moon in Palau using the common table coral Acropora aff. hyacinthus to disentangle the role of moonlight and darkness post-sunset as proximate cues. Coral fragments were assigned to three treatments providing different post-sunset darkness conditions, versus control and procedural control fragments exposed to natural conditions. In contrast to previous studies on Acropora, we found that Acropora aff. hyacinthus can spawn synchronously in the absence of moonlight during the nights leading to spawning. Corals exposed to darkness post-sunset for at least two to three consecutive nights advanced their spawning compared to controls. This finding indicates that periods of darkness post-sunset can act as an inducer for spawning in Acropora as well as in merulinid corals, suggesting that this mechanism may be more widespread than previously thought.