bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate risk and commercial mortgage delinquency
Authors: Holtermans Rogier , Kahn Matthew E. , Kok Nils 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNatural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, heatwaves, and wildfires are projected to become more prevalent in the foreseeable future. Climate risk is, therefore, increasingly recognized as an important factor by policy makers, the investment community, and financial markets. Due to the immobility of assets, the commercial real estate industry is especially vulnerable to climate risk, and there is an increasing interest to understand the impact of climate risk on the value of commercial real estate. For commercial real estate lenders, changes in collateral value are only of partial importance. The ability of borrowers to meet their payment obligations is equally, if not more important. By combining historical data on two major climate‐related disasters—Hurricanes Harvey and Sandy—with longitudinal information on commercial mortgage performance, this paper identifies the impact of climate risks on mortgage delinquency rates for commercial real estate mortgages. The results show that both Harvey and Sandy led to elevated levels of commercial mortgage delinquency, with significant heterogeneity based on the extent of damage in the Census block group. Information provided through FEMA 100‐year floodplain maps partially mitigates the effects, an indication that lenders incorporate flood risk information in the underwriting process. An analysis of potential mechanisms indicates a decrease in property income during the 2‐year period following the event for Hurricane Harvey, but no evidence of income effects for Sandy.
Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress
Authors: Wang Lei , Tanveer Mohsin , Wang Hongling , Arnao Marino B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSeed germination (SG) is the first stage in a plant's life and has an immense importance in sustaining crop production. Abiotic stresses reduce SG by increasing the deterioration of seed quality, and reducing germination potential, and seed vigor. Thus, to achieve a sustainable level of crop yield, it is important to improve SG under abiotic stress conditions. Melatonin (MEL) is an important biomolecule that interplays in developmental processes and regulates many adaptive responses in plants, especially under abiotic stresses. Thus, this review specifically summarizes and discusses the mechanistic basis of MEL‐mediated SG under abiotic stresses. MEL regulates SG by regulating some stress‐specific responses and some common responses. For instance, MEL induced stress specific responses include the regulation of ionic homeostasis, and hydrolysis of storage proteins under salinity stress, regulation of C‐repeat binding factors signaling under cold stress, starch metabolism under high temperature and heavy metal stress, and activation of aquaporins and accumulation of osmolytes under drought stress. On other hand, MEL mediated regulation of gibberellins biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, redox homeostasis, and Ca2+ signaling are amongst the common responses. Nonetheless factors such as endogenous MEL contents, plant species, and growth conditions also influence above‐mentioned responses. In conclusion, MEL regulates SG under abiotic stress conditions by interacting with different physiological mechanisms.
Hepatocyte growth factor is protective in early stage but bone‐destructive in late stage of experimental periodontitis
Authors: Zhao Xiaomin , Liu Weijia , Wu Zhicong , He Xiaoxi , Tang Yinghua , He Qian , Lin Chuyin , Chen Yannan , Luo Gang , Yu Ting , Wang Xinhong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveClinical studies found high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression in patients with periodontitis. Studies suggest that HGF plays an important role in periodontitis, is involved in inflammation, and modulates alveolar bone integrity in periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of HGF in the progression of experimental periodontitis.MethodsWe used silk thread ligation to induce periodontitis in HGF‐overexpressing transgenic (HGF‐Tg) and wild‐type C57BL/6J mice. The effects of HGF overexpression on alveolar bone destruction were assessed by microcomputed tomography imaging at baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. We analyzed the cytokines (IL‐6 and TNF‐α) and lymphocytes in periodontitis tissues by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The effects of HGF on alveolar bone destruction were further tested by quantifying the systemic bone metabolism markers CTXI and PINP and by RNA sequencing for the signaling pathways involved in bone destruction. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to further elucidate the involved signaling pathways.ResultsWe found that experimental periodontitis increased HGF production in periodontitis tissues; however, the effects of HGF overexpression were inconsistent with disease progression. In the early stage of periodontitis, periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone destruction were significantly lower in HGF‐Tg mice than in wild‐type mice. In the late stage, HGF‐Tg mice showed higher inflammatory responses and progressively aggravated bone destruction with continued stimulation of inflammation. We identified the IL‐17/RANKL/TRAF6 pathway as a signaling pathway involved in the HGF effects on the progression of periodontitis.ConclusionHGF plays divergent effects in the progression of experimental periodontitis and accelerates osteoclastic activity and bone destruction in the late stage of inflammation.
Thromboembolism prophylaxis practices of pediatric and congenital electrophysiologists during invasive electrophysiology studies: A PACES survey
Authors: Bhansali Suneet , Antonchak Michael , Cecchin Frank , Tan Reina Bianca 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThromboembolic events related to invasive electrophysiology studies, while rare, can have devastating consequences. Use of systemic anticoagulation for a pediatric or adult‐congenital invasive electrophysiology study is recommended, however there is no established standard of practice in this population.ObjectiveTo report on procedural practices for thromboembolism prophylaxis during invasive electrophysiology studies for pediatric patients and adults with congenital heart disease.MethodsAn anonymous web‐based survey was sent to the members of the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society. The survey focused on pre‐procedural, intra‐procedural, and post‐procedural thromboembolism prophylaxis practices during invasive electrophysiology studies. Significant practice variation was defined as <90% concordance among respondents.ResultsSurvey was completed by 73 members; 52 (71%) practicing in the United States, 65 (89%) practicing in an academic institution, and 14 (19%) in an institution that performs more than 200 invasive electrophysiology procedures annually. Responses showed significant variation in practice. Prior to an invasive electrophysiology procedure, 25% discontinue aspirin while 47% discontinue anticoagulants. Heparin is given for all procedures by 32%. When heparin is administered, the first dose is given by 32% after sheaths are placed, 42% after crossing into the systemic atrium, and 26% just prior to systemic‐side ablation. Most target an activated clotting time between 200–300 seconds. Post systemic‐side ablation, 58% do not initiate a heparin infusion. Post‐procedural oral agents were initiated on day of procedure by 34% of respondents and on post‐procedure day 1 by 53%. If treating with aspirin, 74% use low‐dose (3–5 mg/kg or 81 mg daily), and 68% treat for 4–6 weeks.ConclusionThere is significant variation in thromboembolism prophylaxis for invasive EP studies among pediatric and congenital electrophysiologists. Further studies are needed to optimize the management of thromboembolism prophylaxis in this population.
Pediatric consultative dermatology: A survey of the Society for Pediatric Dermatology workforce reveals shortcomings in existing practice models of pediatric dermatology consult services in the United States
Authors: Pineider Juliana L. , Rangu Sneha A. , Shaw Katharina S. , Cipriano Sarah D. , Oza Vikash S. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe rate of pediatric hospitalization for cutaneous pathology has been increasing in recent years, often requiring the expertise of consulting pediatric dermatologists; however, the infrastructure of inpatient pediatric dermatology consultative services remains poorly characterized. We sought to assess the structure, consult volume, physician compensation, and utilization of teledermatology in pediatric dermatology inpatient services to better understand the current care model. Our survey of 118 pediatric dermatologists revealed that 89% of respondents see between 1 and 10 new consults per week, 39% perform all inpatient consults including evening and weekends without assistance from other providers, 71% do not have protected time during the week to provide inpatient consultations, and only 10% receive financial compensation via stipend. By highlighting both the high demand for pediatric consultative dermatology as well as the significant burden placed on these providers by existing practice models, we hope to encourage a reappraisal of the current infrastructure of pediatric inpatient dermatology to increase structural and financial support for this vital service.
Anti‐spike antibody durability after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in adolescent solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: McAteer John , Kalluri Divya D. , Abedon Rivka R. , Qin Caroline X. , Auerbach Scott R. , Charnaya Olga , Danziger‐Isakov Lara A. , Ebel Noelle H. , Feldman Amy G. , Hsu Evelyn K. , Mohammad Saeed , Perito Emily R. , Thomas Ashley M. , Chiang Teresa P. Y. , Garonzik‐Wang Jacqueline M. , Segev Dorry L. , Werbel William A. , Mogul Douglas B. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent solid organ transplant recipients (aSOTRs) who received three doses of the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine experience high seroconversion rates and antibody persistence for up to 3 months. Long‐term antibody durability beyond this timeframe following three doses of the SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine remains unknown. We describe antibody responses 6 months following the third vaccine dose (D3) of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination among aSOTRs.MethodsParticipants in a multi‐center, observational cohort who received the third dose of the vaccine were analyzed for antibodies to the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein receptor‐binding domain (Roche Elecsys anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2‐S positive: ≥0.8, maximum: >2500 U/mL). Samples were collected at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐months post‐D3. Participants were surveyed at each timepoint and at 12‐months post‐D3.ResultsAll 34 participants had positive anti‐RBD antibody titers 6 months post‐D3. Variations in titers occurred between 3 and 6 months post‐D3, with 8/28 (29%) having decreased antibody levels at 6 months compared to 3 months and 2/28 (7%) reporting increased titers at 6 months. The remaining 18/28 (64%) had unchanged antibody titers compared to 3‐month post‐D3 levels. A total of 4/34 (12%) reported breakthrough infection within 6 months and 3/32 (9%) reported infection after 6–12 months following the third dose of the SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine.ConclusionsThe results suggest that antibody durability persists up to 6 months following three doses of the SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA in aSOTRs. Demography and transplant characteristics did not differ for those who experienced antibody weaning. Breakthrough infections did occur, reflecting immune‐evasive nature of novel variants such as Omicron.
Challenges faced in establishing a pediatric liver transplant program in a lower‐middle‐income country with free healthcare service
Authors: Fernando Meranthi , Tillakaratne Suchintha , Gunetilleke Bhagya , Liyanage Chamila , Appuhamy Chinthaka , Weerasuriya Aruna , Uragoda Buddhika , Welikala Nadeeshya , Ranaweera Liyanage , Ganewatte Eranga , Dissanayake Janaki , Mudalige Anushka , Siriwardana Rohan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplant is the cure for children with liver failure. Sri Lanka is a lower‐middle‐income country with a predominant free, state health system. Pediatric liver transplant program in Sri Lanka is still in the budding state where the initial experience of the program is yet to be documented.MethodsA retrospective review was performed including the clinical characteristics of all pediatric liver transplant recipients of Colombo North Centre for Liver Diseases since the inception of the program from June 2020 to May 2023.ResultsThere were 14 PLT performed in 3 years. The median recipient age and weight were 8 years (6 months–15 years) and 23.3 kg (6.4–49.2), respectively. The majority were boys (64%). All were from low‐income backgrounds. Indications for LT were acute liver failure (5/14), decompensated chronic liver disease (5/14), and acute on chronic liver failure (4/14). Underlying liver diseases were Wilson disease (6/14), autoimmune liver disease (3/14), biliary atresia (2/14) and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (1/14), and unknown etiology (2/14). The majority were living donor liver transplants (86%). Of the living donors, 42% (5/12) were Buddhist priests. There were three immediate deaths and two late deaths. The 3‐month survival was 78%, and overall survival was 64%. Living donor transplants carried a higher success rate (92%) compared to diseased donor transplants (0%; 2/2).ConclusionsInitial experience of pediatric liver transplant program of Sri Lanka is promising despite being established in a free healthcare system amidst the crisis circumstances.
The correlation analysis between alterations of serum vitamin D, IL‐33 levels, and clinical improvement after narrow‐band UVB treatment in vitiligo patients: A case–control study
Authors: Soyer Emin , Temel Berkay , Bukan Neslihan , Demirtas Canan Yilmaz , Gulekon Ayla 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology of vitiligo has not been completely elucidated. Recently, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and IL‐33 levels were found to be associated with the development of the vitiligo. The aim was to assess relationship between 25(OH)D, IL‐33 levels, and clinical improvement after narrow‐band UVB treatment in vitiligo.MethodPatients with vitiligo who underwent at least 48 sessions of narrow‐band UVB treatment were included in this study. Age, gender, smoking status, family history of vitiligo, type of vitiligo, body surface area affected by vitiligo, and vitiligo activity were recorded. 25(OH)D and IL‐33 were measured and compared at baseline, second month, and fourth month.ResultsTwenty patients with vitiligo and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. The mean baseline 25(OH)D level of vitiligo group was statistically significantly lower than the control group's (p < .05). The mean baseline IL‐33 level was higher in vitiligo group with no statistically significantly difference (p > .05). The increase in 25(OH)D level and the decrease in vitiligo‐affected body surface area were found to be statistically significant during treatment (p < .05). The mean IL‐33 levels were found to be lower at the second and fourth month compared to baseline. However, there were no statistical significance (p > .05).ConclusionLow levels of 25(OH)D are thought to play a role in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo. 25(OH)D increase due to phototherapy may have a role in repigmentation independently from the direct effect of narrow‐band UVB.
A meta‐analysis of electrophysiological biomarkers of reward and error monitoring in substance misuse
Authors: Webber Heather E. , de Dios Constanza , Kessler Danielle A. , Schmitz Joy M. , Lane Scott D. , Suchting Robert 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSubstance use disorders are characterized by marked changes in reward and error processing. The primary objective of this meta‐analysis was to estimate effect sizes for the reward positivity (RewP) and error‐related negativity (ERN), two event‐related potential indicators of outcome monitoring, in substance users compared to controls. The secondary objective was to test for moderation by demographic, substance type, and EEG experiment parameters. Final PubMed searches were performed in August 2023. Inclusion criteria were substance use disorder/dependence or validated self‐report of substance misuse, RewP/ERN means available, healthy control comparison group, non‐acute drug study, peer‐reviewed journal, English language, and human participants. Selection bias was tested through modified Egger's regression and exploratory 3‐parameter selection model tests. The RewP results (19 studies, 1641 participants) did not support an overall effect (Hedges' g = 0.07, 95% CI [−0.44, 0.58], p = .777) and nor effect of any moderators. The ERN results (20 studies, 1022 participants) indicated no significant overall effect (g = 0.41, 95%CI [−0.05, 0.88]). Subgroup analyses indicated that cocaine users had a blunted ERN compared to controls (g = 1.12, 95%CI [0.77, 1.47]). There was limited evidence for publication/small study bias. Although the results indicate a potential dissociation between substance types, this meta‐analysis revealed the need for additional research on the RewP/ERN in substance using populations and for better designed experiments that adequately address research questions.
Low titer group O whole blood and risk of RhD alloimmunization: Rationale for use in Finland
Authors: Susila Sanna , Ilmakunnas Minna , Lauronen Jouni , Vuorinen Pauli , Ångerman Susanne , Sainio Susanna 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrehospital low‐titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) used for patients with life‐threatening hemorrhage is often RhD positive. The most important complication following RhD alloimmunization is hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Preceding clinical use of RhD positive LTOWB, we estimated the risk of HDFN due to LTOWB prehospital transfusion in the Finnish population.Study Design and MethodsWe collected data on prehospital transfusions in Tampere and Helsinki University Hospital areas. Using the mean of reported alloimmunization rates in trauma studies (24%) and a higher reported rate representing trauma patients of 13–50 years old (42.7%), we estimated the risk of HDFN and extrapolated it to the whole of Finland.ResultsWe estimated that in Finland, with the current prehospital transfusion rate we would see 1–3 cases of severe HDFN due to prehospital LTOWB transfusions every 10 years, and fetal death due to HDFN caused by LTOWB transfusion less than once in 100 years.DiscussionThe estimated risk of serious HDFN due to prehospital LTOWB transfusion in the Finnish population is similar to previous estimates. As Finland routinely screens expectant mothers for red blood cell antibodies and as the contemporary treatment of HDFN is very effective, we support the prehospital use of RhD positive LTOWB in all patient groups.
Multiple myeloma in dogs: Use of the cell block technique as a new diagnostic tool
Authors: Valente Pâmela Cristina Lopes Gurgel , Peleteiro Maria Conceição , Dias Maria Joana , Vicente Gonçalo , Pomba Constança , Duarte António , Correia Jorge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) in dogs may be challenging and complex. The cell blocks are a diagnostic technique that allows the characterization of neoplastic cells and, therefore, might help in the diagnosis of atypical MM.ObjectiveThe objective of the present work is to describe three clinical cases in which the cell blocks and immunohistochemistry contributed to the definitive diagnosis of canine MM.MethodsThree dogs, one female and two males, with different clinical signs, were presented for consultation with anemia, hyperproteinemia with monoclonal gammopathy, and the presence of plasmacytosis in the bone marrow. Cytologic analysis of the spleen was performed in two dogs and was suggestive of the presence of lymphocytes or plasma cells of a neoplastic nature in one of the cases and plasma cell hyperplasia associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis in the other. Given the hypotheses of lymphoid neoplasms with a plasma cell phenotype, cell blocks from aspiration punctures were performed for immunohistochemical analysis with anti‐CD3, CD20, CD79αcy, PAX5, and MUM1 antibodies.ResultsThe results revealed positive staining for MUM1 in 80% of the cells in the spleen cell block and for CD20 and MUM1 in 70% of the cells in the bone marrow cell blocks, with negative staining for the other antibodies. The immunophenotyping results allowed the diagnosis of MM in the three cases and excluded other lymphoid neoplasms.ConclusionsThis work reinforces the importance of using cell blocks in the diagnosis of neoplasms by demonstrating their potential to aid the diagnosis of MM.
Fluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac luxations in cats using 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws: Description, evaluation and clinical outcome
Authors: Jourdain Mathieu , Fernandes David , Védrine Bertrand , Gauthier Olivier 
Published: January 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe fluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac‐luxation (SIL) in cats and report radiographic results and long‐term functional outcomes.Study designRetrospective clinical study.AnimalsEleven cats.MethodsPercutaneous fixation of 17 SILs in 11 cats was performed with 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws under fluoroscopic guidance. Luxation‐reduction, screw placement and purchase within the sacral body, pelvic canal diameter ratio (PCDR) and hemipelvic canal width ratio (HCWR) were assessed on pre‐ and postoperative radiographs. Radiographic follow‐up was performed to assess the same parameters when available. Long‐term clinical outcome was evaluated with an owner questionnaire. Wilcoxon paired‐test was performed for comparison.ResultsMean age and bodyweight of the cats were 3.3 ± 2.6 years and 4.0 ± 0.82 kg, respectively. Nine cats presented with concurrent pelvic injuries. Median luxation‐reduction was 94.1% (IQR = 13.9) and median screw‐purchase within the sacral body was 73.3% (IQR = 17.0) immediately postoperatively. One screw exited the sacral body caudally. Upon 7‐week radiographic follow‐up, luxation‐reduction (88.3%, IQR = 20.1) and screw‐purchase (70.7%, IQR = 12.8) had decreased compared to immediately postoperatively (p = .008 and p = .013 respectively). Screw migration was not observed. PCDR and HCWR measured on postoperative radiographs indicated successful restoration of the pelvic canal width. Owners reported an excellent long‐term functional outcome (mean postoperative time: 19 ± 5 months).ConclusionFluoroscopically‐assisted closed reduction and fixation of feline SIL using 2.4 mm headless cannulated compression screws allowed good reduction and optimal screw purchase within the sacral body. An excellent functional outcome was reported.Clinical significanceMinimally invasive reduction and fixation with headless compression screws should be considered in cats with SIL.