bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysfunction of large‐scale brain networks underlying cognitive impairments in shift work disorder
Authors: Zhao Yan , Feng Sitong , Dong Linrui , Wu Ziyao , Ning Yanzhe 
Published: October 2023

SummaryIt has been demonstrated that shift work can affect cognitive functions. Several neuroimaging studies have revealed altered brain function and structure for patients with shift work disorder (SWD). However, knowledge on the dysfunction of large‐scale brain networks underlying cognitive impairments in shift work disorder is limited. This study aims to identify altered functional networks associated with cognitive declines in shift work disorder, and to assess their potential diagnostic value. Thirty‐four patients with shift work disorder and 36 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to perform the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and resting‐state functional scans. After surface‐based preprocessing, we calculated within‐ and between‐network functional connectivity (FC) using the Dosenbach atlas. Moreover, correlation analysis was done between altered functional connectivity of large‐scale brain networks and scores of cognitive assessments in patients with shift work disorder. Finally, we established a classification model to provide features for patients with shift work disorder concerning the disrupted large‐scale networks. Compared with healthy controls, increased functional connectivity within‐networks across the seven brain networks, and between‐networks involving ventral attention network (VAN)‐subcortical network (SCN), SCN‐frontoparietal network (FPN), and somatosensory network (SMN)‐SCN were observed in shift work disorder. Decreased functional connectivity between brain networks was found in shift work disorder compared with healthy controls, including visual network (VN)‐FPN, VN‐default mode network (DMN), SMN‐DMN, dorsal attention network (DAN)‐DMN, VAN‐DMN, and FPN‐DMN. Furthermore, the altered functional connectivity of large‐scale brain networks was significantly correlated with scores of immediate memory, visuospatial, and delayed memory in patients with shift work disorder, respectively. Abnormal functional connectivity of large‐scale brain networks may play critical roles in cognitive dysfunction in shift work disorder. Our findings provide new evidence to interpret the underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive impairments in shift work disorder.
Metameric pruritus as the sole manifestation of an intramedullary tumor in a toddler
Authors: Communie Antoine , Brenaut Emilie , Le Fournier Luc , Nussmann Hélène , Bastard François , Martin Ludovic 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAn 18‐month‐old child presented with persistent pruritus and excoriation involving the right T9 and T10 dermatomes. She did not exhibit any other dermatological or neurological anomalies. Based on magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the spine, T8 ganglioglioma was diagnosed and surgically removed resulting in resolution of the pruritus within a few days. This observation underlines the importance of neuroimaging in patients presenting with metameric pruritus without specific skin lesions, especially in young children.
The role of free vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein in SARS‐Cov‐2 infection in children
Authors: Us Mahmut Caner , Devrim Lanpir Aslı , Özdatli Kurtuluş Şükran , Yagci Mesut , Akarsu Özlem , Şahin Kamil , Akkoç Gülşen 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have discussed the effects of serum vitamin D deficiency in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection severity and free vitamin D (FVD) and bioavailable vitamin D (BAVD) levels in children.MethodsA prospective case–control study design was used. Participants were divided into three groups based on the World Health Organization COVID‐19 Clinical Progression Scale. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (ng/mL), albumin (g/L), and vitamin D binding protein (ng/mL) levels were evaluated to investigate the relationship between disease severity and FVD and BAVD levels.ResultsIn total, 82 participants were included in the study. Of those, 24.4% were uninfected (n = 20), 50% had a mild case of SARS‐CoV‐2 (n = 41), and 25.6% had a moderate case (n = 21). There was a statistically significant difference in FVD and BAVD levels between the groups (p = 0.026). Median FVD (p = 0.007, Cohen's d = 0.84) and BAVD (p = 0.007, Cohen's d = 0.86) levels were significantly higher in the mild group compared to the moderate group. FVD and BAVD metabolites were moderately positively correlated with lymphocyte counts (FVD: r = 0.437, p < 0.001; BAVD: r = 0.439, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate a relationship between SARS‐CoV‐2 symptom severity and FVD and BAVD levels. The relationship between FVD and BAVD levels and lymphocyte counts could play an important role in symptom severity and should be evaluated in further studies.
Compositionality and constituent structure in the analogue mind
Authors: Clarke Sam 
Published: October 2023

AbstractI argue that analogue mental representations possess a canonical decomposition into privileged constituents from which they compose. I motivate this suggestion, and rebut arguments to the contrary, through reflection on the approximate number system, whose representations are widely expected to have an analogue format. I then argue that arguments for the compositionality and constituent structure of these analogue representations generalize to other analogue mental representations posited in the human mind, such as those in early vision and visual imagery.
The relative infection potential of Meloidogyne incognita and M. graminicola in the basmati rice cultivar PB1121
Authors: Dutta Tushar K. , Akhil Voodikala S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractRoot‐knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are considered one of the major biotic constraints for global rice production. Although the role of Meloidogyne graminicola in root‐knot disease progression is well investigated, negligible research has been performed to understand the damaging potential of M. incognita in rice. In this study, the comparative infection biology of M. incognita and M. graminicola was investigated in the basmati rice cultivar PB1121 growing in Pluronic gel medium and soil. Intriguingly, M. incognita laid eggs outside the galled root, whereas M. graminicola egg masses were deposited inside the galled root. This differential egg‐laying pattern can be correlated with their specific adaptations in irrigated and upland rice production systems. Although M. incognita induced a greater number of galls than M. graminicola, M. graminicola gall sizes were comparatively larger than those of M. incognita. The greater reproductive success of M. graminicola than M. incognita did not cause any difference in their yield reduction potential in PB1121. PB1121 was equally vulnerable to M. incognita and M. graminicola in terms of reduction in plant height, tiller numbers per plant and grain yield per plant. Our research suggests that M. incognita also causes economic damage to rice, and nematode management tactics must consider the damaging potential of both nematode species.
Effects of prenatal opioid exposure on infant sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity
Authors: Tabachnick Alexandra R. , Eiden Rina Das , Labella Madelyn H. , Dozier Mary 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPrenatal opioid exposure has been associated with developmental problems, including autonomic nervous system dysregulation. However, little is known about the effects of prenatal opioid exposure on the autonomic nervous system beyond the first days of life, particularly across both the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches, and when accounting for exposure to other substances. The present study examined the effects of prenatal exposure to opioid agonist therapy (OAT, e.g., methadone) and other opioids on infant autonomic nervous system activity at rest and in response to a social stressor (the Still‐Face Paradigm) at six months among 86 infants varying in prenatal opioid and other substance exposure. Results indicated that OAT and other opioids have unique effects on the developing autonomic nervous system that may further depend on subtype (i.e., methadone versus buprenorphine) and timing in gestation. Results are discussed in the context of theoretical models of the developing stress response system.
Dental and jawbone abnormalities linked to amelogenesis imperfecta: A retrospective and analytic study comparing panoramic radiographs
Authors: Kammoun Rym , Ghoul Sonia , Chaabani Imen , Ben Salem Kamel , Ben Alaya Touhami 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is a disorder of tooth development characterized by abnormal enamel formation. In order to detect other dental and jawbone abnormalities that could be associated with AI, a retrospective and analytic study was conducted comparing panoramic radiographs of AI and non‐AI patients.Material and MethodsDigital panoramic radiographs of 60 AI and 60 non‐AI patients were examined. Abnormalities in dental number, size, shape, eruption, and in the shape of the dental arches were checked and blindly recorded by two experimented observers. Descriptive statistics using percentages and chi‐square test with .05 level of significance value was used.ResultsPrevalence of supernumerary teeth, dental agenesis, microdontia, taurodontism, radicular dilacerations, dental inclusions, temporary teeth persistence, and pulp calcifications was significantly higher in AI patients compared to control patients. Prevalence of periapical images, cysts, and hypercementosis was lower in AI patients compared to control patients, with no statistically significant difference. A significant prevalence of mandibular hypoplasia was also noted in AI patients.ConclusionIn addition to enamel defect, panoramic radiography was useful in detecting other dental abnormalities and mandibular hypoplasia associated with AI and should therefore be systematically indicated for AI patients’ care.
How do we perform intrauterine transfusions?
Authors: Crowe Elizabeth P. , Hasan Rida , Saifee Nabiha H. , Bakhtary Sara , Miller Jena L. , Gonzalez‐Velez Juan M. , Goel Ruchika 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntrauterine transfusion (IUT) is an invasive but critical and potentially life‐saving intervention for severe fetal anemia with demonstrated improvement in outcomes. The fetus is vulnerable to hemodynamic alterations and transfusion‐related adverse events; therefore, special consideration must be given to blood component selection and modification. There is widespread IUT practice variability, and existing guidance primarily relies on expert opinion and single center experiences.Study Design and MethodsExperts in Maternal Fetal Medicine, Pediatric Hematology, and Transfusion Medicine from centers across the United States, collectively performing about 120 IUT annually, offer a multidisciplinary perspective on the performance of IUT and preparation of blood components. This perspective includes strategies for identifying an at‐risk fetus, communicating between disciplines, determining the necessary blood volume, selecting and processing blood components, documenting the procedure in medical record, and managing the neonate.ResultsIdentifying an at‐risk fetus relies on review of the clinical history, non‐invasive monitoring, and laboratory evaluation. We recommend the use of relatively fresh, group O, cytomegalovirus‐safe, freshly irradiated, red blood cells (RBC) that are Hemoglobin S negative and antigen‐negative for any maternal antibody, if indicated. These RBC units should be concentrated to remove additives and increase the hematocrit thus minimizing fluctuations in fetal volume status. The units intended for IUT should be labeled clearly and the documentation of transfusion differentiated in the maternal medical record.DiscussionAn awareness of the technical, logistical, and regulatory considerations for IUT performance will facilitate improved communication and patient care, especially when rare units of RBC are required.
The impact of interstate soft conflicts on bilateral trade flows using structural gravity model
Authors: Taralashvili Tamar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis paper contributes to the literature on the economic impact of interstate conflicts by focusing on empirical analysis of the impact of interstate soft conflicts on bilateral trade. Interstate soft conflicts arising from the failure of diplomacy when a military operation seems too radical may act as a policy tool and have a negative impact on bilateral relations. The empirical approach is based on the use of balanced panel data with annual observations and a theory‐consistent structural gravity framework, augmented by a new measure of interstate soft conflict. The results of standard gravity estimators show that interstate soft conflicts have a sustained negative impact on bilateral trade, regardless of the control for omitted variables (presence of regional trade agreements, various types of sanctions, state acts, and militarised interstate disputes) and different model specifications.
Does cold storage of blood before transfusion prevent the transmission of syphilis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: D'aes Tine , Van de Sande Dieter , De Buck Emmy , Zachée Pierre , Compernolle Veerle , Vandekerckhove Philippe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough screening of donated blood for syphilis is almost universally applied, its cost‐effectiveness is questioned because of the low prevalence of transfusion‐transmitted syphilis and a widespread belief that the syphilis‐causing bacterium Treponema pallidum is very vulnerable to cold storage. Since the latter claim is not yet supported by a systematic review, we investigated whether syphilis can be transmitted via transfusion following prolonged (cold or room temperature) storage of blood products.Materials and MethodsMEDLINE, PMC and NCBI bookshelf (PubMed interface), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched up to 17 January 2023.ResultsNine experimental animal studies and one observational human study were included. Meta‐analysis showed that storing artificially infected human (six studies; risk ratio [RR] = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22–0.64, p = 0.0003) or rabbit (two studies; RR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.55, p = 0.01) blood for more than 72 h before intratesticular injection significantly decreased the number of recipient animals that develop syphilis. Nonetheless, the possibility of syphilis transmission remained for up to 7 days. Differences could not be found for rabbit plasma (p = 0.60) or naturally infected rabbit blood (p = 0.28). There was limited evidence from one study in favour of the storage of artificially infected human platelets for over 72 h at cold temperatures (RR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03–0.52, p = 0.004) but not at room temperature (p = 0.12).ConclusionEven though the infectivity of T. pallidum‐spiked blood may decrease after 72 h of cold storage, the possibility for transfusion‐transmitted syphilis may remain for several days after. The evidence is very uncertain, and conclusions are hindered by a lack of sufficiently powered studies and studies in humans. In addition, T. pallidum concentrations used in animal studies may be unrealistically high.
River drainage rearrangements and the phylogeographic pattern of the annual fish Austrolebias arachan (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae)
Authors: Loureiro Marcelo , Stareczek Sofía , D'anatro Alejandro , Thompson Andrew W. , Ortí Guillermo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPalaeogeographical and climatic processes are among the main factors affecting biological diversity and distribution patterns. In freshwater systems, major dispersal processes are caused by river drainage rearrangements where the direction of flow of a stream changes, allowing range expansions and connection of previously isolated communities. In the Neotropical region, this process has been known to connect part of the southwestern Amazon basin with La Plata basin during the formation of the Bolivian Orocline, and La Plata basin with Atlantic coastal basins since the split from Africa. Several species of annual fishes of the genus Austrolebias are known to inhabit seasonal ponds both in the Rio Negro basin (southern tip of Brazilian shield, Lower Uruguay ecoregion), and the headwaters of rivers draining into the Merín lagoon (coastal drainages, Laguna dos Patos ecoregion). The aim of this article was to analyse the phylogeographic pattern of Austrolebias arachan in the context of putative river rearrangements. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) the spatial configuration of river basins determines the genetic structure and distribution of this species, and (b) coastal drainages captured sections of upland shield river drainages. We analysed a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and a fragment of a nuclear intron locus. Results support the prediction of the first hypothesis: geographic variation within A. arachan is structured according to geography. The second hypothesis was in part confirmed: the migration analyses showed that Rio Negro basin populations could have acted as a source for Laguna Merin basin. However, migration estimates also support gene flow in the opposite direction. The cytochrome b haplotype network configuration and its phylogenetic pattern suggests at least two independent events of capture, with divergence time estimated at the onset of Pleistocene glacial cycles.
Shifting focus: Time to look beyond the classic physiological adaptations associated with human heat acclimation
Authors: Deshayes Thomas A. , Sodabi Dèwanou Gilles Arnaud , Dubord Marianne , Gagnon Daniel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPlanet Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate and our future is now assured to be shaped by the consequences of more frequent hot days and extreme heat. Humans will need to adapt both behaviorally and physiologically to thrive in a hotter climate. From a physiological perspective, countless studies have shown that human heat acclimation increases thermoeffector output (i.e., sweating and skin blood flow) and lowers cardiovascular strain (i.e., heart rate) during heat stress. However, the mechanisms mediating these adaptations remain understudied. Furthermore, several possible benefits of heat acclimation for other systems and functions involved in maintaining health and performance during heat stress remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes recent advances in human heat acclimation, with emphasis on recent studies that (1) advanced our understanding of the mechanisms mediating improved thermoeffector output and (2) investigated adaptations that go beyond those classically associated with heat acclimation. We highlight that these studies have contributed to a better understanding of the integrated physiological responses underlying human heat acclimation while leaving key unanswered questions that will need to be addressed in the future.
Silences, spikes and bursts: Three‐part knot of the neural code
Authors: Friedenberger Zachary , Harkin Emerson , Tóth Katalin , Naud Richard 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWhen a neuron breaks silence, it can emit action potentials in a number of patterns. Some responses are so sudden and intense that electrophysiologists felt the need to single them out, labelling action potentials emitted at a particularly high frequency with a metonym – bursts. Is there more to bursts than a figure of speech? After all, sudden bouts of high‐frequency firing are expected to occur whenever inputs surge. The burst coding hypothesis advances that the neural code has three syllables: silences, spikes and bursts. We review evidence supporting this ternary code in terms of devoted mechanisms for burst generation, synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity. We also review the learning and attention theories for which such a triad is beneficial.
image
Methods for Estimating Hydrogen Fuel Tank Characteristics
Authors: Klymyshyn Nicholas A. , Brooks Kriston , Barrett Nathan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The pressure vessels needed to store hydrogen for next-generation hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are expected to be a substantial portion of the total system mass, volume, and cost. Gravimetric capacity, volumetric capacity, and cost per kilogram of usable hydrogen are key performance metrics that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) uses to determine the viability of hydrogen fuel cell systems. Research and development related to hydrogen storage systems covers a wide range of potential operating conditions, from cryogenic temperatures to high temperatures (above ambient) and low pressure to high pressure. Researchers at PNNL have developed methods for estimating these key pressure vessel characteristics to support on-board hydrogen storage system design and performance evaluation and to support decision-making about DOE hydrogen storage system research investments. This article describes the pressure tank estimation methodology that has been used as a stand-alone calculation and has been incorporated into larger system evaluation tools. The methodology estimates the geometry, mass, and material cost of type I, type III, and type IV pressure vessels based on operating pressure and material strength at the system's operating temperature, using classical thin-wall and thick-wall pressure vessel stress calculations. The geometry, mass, and material cost requirements of the pressure vessel have significant impacts on the total system performance. For example, hydrogen storage materials that can separately achieve a very high hydrogen density can be deemed impractical for use in fuel cell vehicle hydrogen storage systems because the pressure tank containing them is too large, heavy, or expensive. This article describes the design philosophy and analytical process of the tank characteristic estimation methodology, which has been implemented in spreadsheet calculation tools and system-level analysis tools used by DOE researchers. Each of the three tank types (type I, type III, and type IV) uses a different analysis methodology with some common elements. This article also provides examples of implementing the methodology to perform parametric studies of all three pressure vessel types. The goal of this article is to present the methodology in sufficient detail so it can be implemented in other hydrogen fuel cell vehicle design and analysis tools.