bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate and delayed effects of lead on AChE, GSH‐T and thiols in the substantia nigra, neostriatum and cortex of the rat brain
Authors: Hernández Gallegos M. Elisabeth , Ibarra Zannatha Ma. Magdalena , García Osornio Eduardo , Sierra Sánchez Arturo , Posadas del Rio Francisco A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe studied the effects, at 10 and 30 min, of a single dose (10 mg kg−1) of lead chloride, administered by the intraperitoneal route, on the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione transferase (GSH‐T) and on the concentrations of total and non‐protein thiols in substantia nigra compacta (SNCO) and substantia nigra reticulata (SNRE), caudate putamen (CAU) and cerebral cortex (CC) from adult male rats in comparison with the effects of this metal at 24 and 72 h. The main immediate effects of lead consisted of decreased GSH‐T activity and total and non‐protein thiol concentrations in CAU and CC 10 min after administration. These effects were reversed after 30 min but with increased GSH‐T activity in SNCO and AChE activity in SNRE along with diminished concentration of homogenate proteins in SNRE, CAU and CC. The GSH‐T activity again was increased in SNCO but the AChE activity was decreased in CC 24 h after Pb administration; total and non‐protein thiol concentrations were diminished but homogenate protein concentration was augmented in all areas. Finally, 72 h after Pb administration, AChE and GSH‐T activities were decreased in CAU and CC, accompanied by an increased concentration of precipitate and supernatant proteins; supernatant protein concentration also was augmented in SNCO and SNRE; here, again, the concentrations of total and non‐protein thiols were diminished and the homogenate protein concentration was augmented in all areas. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serological analysis of patients treated with a new surgical hemostat containing bovine proteins and autologous plasma
Authors: Nelson Patricia A. , Powers J. Noël , Estridge Trudy D. , Elder Elizabeth A. , Alea Arcie D. , Sidhu Parmjeet K. , Sehl Louis C. , DeLustro Frank A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractA randomized, controlled clinical study of the management of diffuse bleeding with CoStasis® surgical hemostat, a new hemostat containing bovine thrombin and collagen with the patient's own plasma, included patients undergoing cardiac, hepatic, iliac, and general surgery. Sera from 92 patients treated with CoStasis and 84 control patients were collected preoperatively and at a post surgical follow‐up of 8 weeks. Among the control group, 57 patients were treated with Instat® collagen sponge in noncardiac indications. Results showed that antibody responses in the CoStasis clinical study were similar to the reported literature for all antigens screened and were not associated with any adverse reactions. The bovine thrombin preparations in CoStasis and other commercially available thrombins were compared with the use of SDS‐PAGE and Western blot analyses. Within this clinical study, CoStasis was shown to be a safe and effective hemostatic product containing bovine thrombin and bovine collagen and no pooled human blood products. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 710–719, 2001
Long‐term quantification of the release of monomers from dental resin composites and a resin‐modified glass ionomer cement
Authors: Mazzaoui S. A. , Burrow M. F. , Tyas M. J. , Rooney F. R. , Capon R. J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThis study quantified the release of monomers from polymerized specimens of four commercially available resin composites and one glass ionomer cement immersed in water:ethanol solutions. Individual standard curves were prepared from five monomers: (1) triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), (2) 2‐hydroxy‐ethyl methacrylate (HEMA), (3) urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), (4) bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (BISGMA), and (5) bisphenol A. The concentration of the monomers was determined at Days 1, 7, 30, and 90 with the use of electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. Data were expressed in mean μmol per mm2 surface area of specimen and analyzed with Scheffe's test (p<0.05). The following monomers were found in water: monomers (1) and (2) from Delton sealant, monomer (5) from ScotchBond Multipurpose Adhesive and Delton sealant, monomer (3) from Definite and monomer (4) from Fuji II LC, ScotchBond Multipurpose Adhesive, Synergy and Definite. All these monomers increased in concentration over time, with the exception of monomer (1) from Delton sealant. Monomers (3) and (5) were found in extracts of materials despite their absence from the manufacturer's published composition. All monomers were released in significantly higher concentrations in water:ethanol solutions than in water. The greatest release of monomers occurred in the first day. The effect of the measured concentrations of monomers (1–5) on human genes, cells, or tissues needs to be considered with the use of a biological model. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 63: 299–305, 2002
Superabsorbent materials from shellfish waste—A review
Authors: Dutkiewicz Jacek K. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIncreasing global demand for improved absorbent materials for body fluids in disposable medical and personal‐care articles creates an incentive for new basic research and development of efficient absorbent materials and systems with additional benefits such as biodegradability or certain biomedical functions. Highly absorbing materials based on polyelectrolyte polymers can absorb up to 50 grams of body fluid per gram of dry mass. Currently available synthetic superabsorbents are not biodegradable in landfills and do not offer any value‐added functions to personal and medical‐care products. Various academic and industrial research groups have put considerable amounts of effort and resources toward development of new absorbent materials from natural polymers, which would decompose in landfills. The basic substrates in these studies have been mainly polysaccharides, particularly cellulose and starch. The most common approach has involved converting these polymers into carboxymethyl derivatives followed by structural cross‐linking. Commercial synthetic superabsorbent polymers as well as those derived from cellulose and starch are essentially polyanionic. On the other hand, polycationic absorbers seem to have potential functional advantages over the polyanionic counterparts. Chitin is the second abundant natural polymer, whose main derivative, chitosan, becomes polycationic in acid media. Currently, the main source of this polysaccharide is shellfish waste. This review provides basic information about new superabsorbent materials based on chitosan salts, their properties and preparation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 63: 373‐381
Correlation between the high expression of C/EBPβ protein in F442A cells and their relative resistance to antiadipogenic action of TCDD in comparison to 3T3‐L1 cells
Authors: Liu Phillip C. C. , Moreno‐Aliaga Maria J. , Dunlap Debra Y. , Hu Xiao‐ming , Denison Michael S. , Matsumura Fumio 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe compared the ability of two clonally derived murine preadipocyte cell lines, 3T3‐L1(L1) and 3T3‐F442A (F442A), to differentiate after treatment by 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD), and found that the former cell line was clearly suppressed by TCDD but the latter was not. It was initially postulated that the easiest way to explain the lack of response to TCDD in F442A cells could be an alteration in aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) functionality. This hypothesis was tested first, but no differences were found in the levels or functions of AhR. To find an alternate explanation for such a differential effect of TCDD, we tested the action of several diagnostic agents on the process of adipocyte differentiation of these two cells. No differences were found between these two lines of cells in the susceptibility to the antiadipogenic action of 12‐0‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), or to TNFα, indicating that the basic biochemical components engaged in the antiadipogenic actions of these agents in these two cell lines are similar. In contrast, F442A cells were found to be more resistant to the antiadipogenic action of EGF or TGFβ than L1 cells which were tested side by side. Based on the knowledge that TNFα preferentially affects C/EBPα and that TGFβ specifically controls C/EBPβ and δ in their antiadipogenic action, we hypothesized that the major cause for the differential response of these two similar cell lines could be the insensitivity of C/EBPβ and/or δ of F442A cells to the action of TCDD. We could obtain supporting data for this hypothesis, showing that in F442A cells, the level of C/EBPβ is already high even before the addition of adipocyte differentiation factors and that TCDD did not cause any significant changes in the titer of C/EBPβ. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 16:70–83, 2002; Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10020
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by physostigmine analogs: Conformational mobility of cysteine loop due to the steric effect of the alkyl chain
Authors: Gavuzzo Enrico , Pomponi Massimo 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe effect of a series of physostigmine analogs on acetylcholinesterase activity was investigated. The second‐order rate constant kon of the enzyme–inhibitor complex correlates with the conformational positioning of aromatic residues, especially Trp84, in the transition state complex. The van der Waals interactions are an important structural element of this conformational change. A transient mobility of the cysteine loop (Cys67–Cys94) was confined only to the presence of a significant steric effect. Even with this limitation, however, the steric effect seems to be an appropriate model for future tests on the “back door” hypothesis involving facilitated opening for faster product clearance. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 16:64–69, 2002; Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.10026
Purification and characterization of rat hepatic microsomal low molecular weight fatty acid ethyl ester synthase and its relationship to carboxylesterases
Authors: Kaphalia Bhupendra S. , Ansari G. A. S. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractWe reported purification of a high molecular weight (HMW) (ca. 180 kD) and a low molecular weight (LMW) (ca. 60 kD) protein fractions from digitonized rat liver microsomes using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion exchange and gel filtration column chromatography. Both fractions expressed fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthase as well as p‐nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA)–hydrolyzing (esterase) activities. The HMW fraction was found to be a trimer with subunit molecular weight ca. 60 kD and structurally and functionally similar to rat hepatic microsomal carboxylesterase (CE, pI 6.1) and adipose tissue FAEE synthase. In this article, we report further purification and characterization of the LMW (minor) fraction expressing FAEE synthase activity and its structural and functional relationship to hepatic microsomal CEs. Using isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by gel filtration–high‐performance liquid chromatography (GF‐HPLC), five proteins were purified, which expressed FAEE synthase as well as PNPA‐hydrolyzing activity. The isoelectric point values of 6.5, 5.8, 5.6, 5.3, and 5.0 were found for the purified LMW proteins by IEF and each showed a peak corresponding to ca. 60 kD molecular weight by GF‐HPLC, which expressed FAEE synthase as well as PNPA‐hydrolyzing activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) analysis of the GF‐HPLC purified LMW proteins revealed that these proteins are monomers (ca. 60 kD). All the purified LMW proteins cross‐reacted with antibodies to rat adipose tissue FAEE synthase. Coelution of PNPA‐hydrolyzing and FAEE synthase activity at each step of purification and cross‐reactivity with rat adipose tissue FAEE synthase antibodies suggest that the purified proteins are related to various hepatic microsomal CEs. This conclusion is further supported by the homology of N‐terminal amino acid sequence of the purified LMW proteins to various hepatic microsomal CEs and protease precursors. Therefore, LMW FAEE synthase activity most probably is expressed by various isozymes of hepatic microsomal CEs, which are also involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotic alcohols and amines. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 15:165–171, 2001
Characteristics of photopheresis treatments for the management of rejection in heart and lung transplant recipients
Authors: Khuu Hanh M. , Desmond Renee , Huang Shu T. , Marques Marisa B. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractPhotopheresis has been used in the management of rejection of heart and/or lung transplants. Although its mechanism of action remains unknown, irradiated T‐helper cell‐induced immunosuppression is the main theory. Since transplant recipients are often lymphopenic and lymphocytes are the target cells in phototherapy, we performed this study to determine which factors affect the cellular yield to undergo irradiation. We reviewed the records of all photophereses performed in our institution between July 1998 and April 2000 using the UVAR (first generation) or XTS (second generation) instruments (Therakos, Exton, PA). Our data included patient's blood volume, absolute lymphocyte count and hematocrit, catheter type, flow rate of collection cycles and centrifuge bowl size, as well as volume, hematocrit, and lymphocyte count of the cell suspension. With a mixed model multivariate analysis we sought to determine which variables predicted the lymphocyte yield. A total of 406 procedures in 25 adult patients was analyzed. There was no significant difference between the lymphocyte yield among the procedures performed with the first‐ and the second‐generation instruments. The patient's absolute lymphocyte count was the only parameter, which positively correlated with the total number of lymphocytes collected for irradiation (P < 0.0001). Indeed, based on the mixed model, the total number of lymphocytes for irradiation can be predicted from the pre‐procedure lymphocyte count. Additional studies are necessary to correlate the number of treated cells with patient outcome. J. Clin. Apheresis 17:27–32, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of CD34+ cell collection efficiency on the COBE Spectra and Fenwal CS‐3000 plus
Authors: Ford C.D. , Lehman C. , Strupp A. , Kelley L. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractOptimal collections of mobilized CD34+ cells are important in terms of both patient toxicity and cost. The factors that determine CD34+ collection efficiency (CD34eff) of cell separators have not been well studied. In addition, because several cell separators are available, the type of collection device may also be a significant variable. Previous studies comparing the Baxter‐Fenwal CS3000 and the COBE Spectra have not yielded consistent conclusions. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the collection outcomes of 163 consecutive donors with a peripheral CD34+ cell concentration (pCD34) of ≥5 cells/μl on the first collection that had been harvested on one or the other device. The CS3000 was found to yield a significantly higher CD34eff (50% vs. 39%, P = 0.006). However, donors were not balanced for several prognostic factors, which may contribute to CD34eff including mobilization with G‐CSF vs. chemotherapy+G‐CSF, average flow rate, and total volume of peripheral blood processed. When appropriate variables were included in a stepwise multiple variable analysis, cell separator type emerged as a significant independent predictive factor for CD34eff (P = 0.018). Our data indicates that the CS3000 will, on average, show a higher absolute CDeff of 8%. Furthermore, since the two devices differ in mechanism, prognostic factors may also differ. Comparisons suggest that peripheral blood WBC and hematocrit may be more important predictors for the CS3000. J. Clin. Apheresis 17:17–20, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coagulation abnormalities in serial double‐filtration plasmapheresis
Authors: Yeh Jiann‐Horng , Chiu Hou‐Chang 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIntensive plasma exchange can transiently alter the hemostatic system. However, the effect of serial double filtration plasmapheresis (DFP) on the hemostatic system has not been adequately described. In this study, we sought to characterize the hemostatic effects of DFP in 32 myasthenia gravis patients who received one course of DFP treatment for five consecutive sessions within 10 days. Platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and serum levels of albumin, globulin, cholesterol, and fibrinogen were measured before and after the course of DFP. Patients were divided into mild hypofibrinogenemia (MH) and severe hypofibrinogenemia (SH) groups based on post‐plasmapheresis residual levels of fibrinogen above or below 70 mg/dl. The baseline fibrinogen level was significantly lower in the SH group (P < 0.01). After five sessions of DFP, the fibrinogen level was reduced to below 70 mg/dl in 14 patients (44%). The percentage of excessive prolongation of PT or PTT was significantly higher in the SH group. The SH group also had higher reduction rates of globulin and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Oozing in the punctured site of the central venous catheter occurred in 6 out of 26 patients, with four cases in the MH group and two in the SH group. There was no difference in the overall incidence of bleeding complications between the two groups. Only one episode of clinically overt bleeding occurred during the study after a large‐bore femoral catheter was removed soon after the patient had received five consecutive daily treatments. The bleeding stopped after transfusion of 6 units of fresh frozen plasma. In conclusion, despite the obvious reduction of fibrinogen level and the modest decrease in platelet count after an intensive course of DFP treatment, the low incidence of clinically overt bleeding confirmed the safety of DFP. J. Clin. Apheresis 16:139–142, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Internal Benchmarking: How to Be the Best—And Stay That Way
Authors: Reider Rob 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIs there a formula for success? Some companies manage to succeed by dumb luck. Others use savvy
business acumen and polished methods, yet fail miserably. But you can discover your own success formula using
internal benchmarking, says the author. Here's how you do it. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.
Communicating Key Business Strategies to Investors
Authors: Cole Cathy J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractInvestors who understand where top management is taking the company—and how you're doing
it—are more likely to have confidence in your firm. They'll be more willing to stick with you when
times are bad. But how does your firm explain its objectives and strategies to investors? The author
discusses one method that you may have over‐looked, and includes a useful checklist. © 2001
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Staying Out of Trouble with Transfer Pricing
Authors: Martinson Otto B. , McKee Tim C. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractIn a wide‐ranging discussion of transfer pricing, the authors explain how it is used, some individual
country rules, current IRS rules, and how IRS rules interact with OECD guidelines. What's the secret to
staying out of trouble? The authors answer with one word: documentation. And they list the minimum
requirements. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Managing your business as an investment: How to build shareholder value in private companies
Authors: Evans Frank C. , Bishop David M. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractShareholder value is a key concern in any merger or acquisition. But private companies neglect it in their
strategic planning—because they don't really understand what it means, or what drives it. Here's
the solution—a practical, step‐by‐step guide for measuring value and boosting it.
© 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
FAS 128: Did it make a difference in reporting EPS?
Authors: Jordan Charles E. , McNeely Kristi K. , Clark Stanley J. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe new standard greatly simplified earnings per share (EPS) computations. However, the result was
significantly different amounts for only certain items, say the authors. And the new standard may actually bolster
EPS in a sluggish economy—for companies using stock option plans. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons,
Inc.
Suppressive role of endogenous regucalcin in the enhancement of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis activity in the nucleus of regenerating rat liver
Authors: Tsurusaki Yoshinori , Yamaguchi Masayoshi 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe role of endogenous regucalcin in the regulation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis activity in the nuclei of regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy was investigated. The addition of regucalcin (0.25 and 0.5 μM) in the reaction mixture caused a significant decrease in the nuclear DNA synthesis activity of normal rat liver. This decrease was also seen in the presence of Ca2+‐chelator EGTA (0.4 mM), indicating that the effect of regucalcin is not related to nuclear Ca2+. Nuclear DNA activity was significantly increased in the presence of anti‐regucalcin monoclonal antibody (10–50 ng/ml) in the reaction mixture. The effect was completely abolished by the addition of regucalcin (0.5 μM). Nuclear DNA synthesis activity was significantly increased at 24, 48, and 72 h after partial heptectomy. The effect of anti‐regucalcin monoclonal antibody (25 ng/ml) in increasing nuclear DNA synthesis activity was significantly enhanced at 24 and 48 h after partial hepatectomy. The presence of staurospone (10−6 M), trifluoperazine (2 × 10−5 M), or PD98059 (10−5 M) in the reaction mixture caused a significant decrease in DNA synthesis activity in the nuclei obtained at 24 after partial hepateactomy. The effect of these inhibitors in the presence of anti‐regucalcin monoclonal antibody (25 ng/ml) was greater than that in the absence of the antibody. The present study suggests that endogenous regucalcin plays a suppressive role in the enhancement of nuclear DNA synthesis activity in regenerating liver with cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy in rats. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 516–522, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and characterization of a negative regulatory element within the epidermal growth factor receptor gene first intron in hormone‐dependent breast cancer cells
Authors: Wilson Melissa A. , Chrysogelos Susan A. 
Published: August 2002

AbstractThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exhibits an inverse correlation with estrogen receptor (ER) expression in the majority of breast cancers, predicting a poor response to endocrine therapy and poor survival rate. Inappropriate overexpression of EGFR in breast cancer is associated with a more aggressive phenotype. Transcriptional regulation is the major regulatory mechanism controlling EGFR overexpression in breast cancer cells. We have identified a region within the first intron of the EGFR gene that mediates transcriptional repression of EGFR gene expression in ER +/low EGFR expressing but not in ER−/high EGFR expressing breast cancer cells. Utilizing transient transfections of homologous and heterologous promoter‐reporter constructs, we localized optimal repressive activity to a 96 bp intron domain. The 96 bp fragment displayed differential DNA‐protein complex formation with nuclear extracts from ER + vs. ER− breast cancer cells. Moreover, factors interacting with this intron negative regulatory element appear to be estrogen‐regulated. Consequently, our results suggest that we have identified a potential mechanism by which maintenance of low levels of EGFR expression and subsequent EGFR upregulation may be attributed to the loss of transcriptional repression of EGFR gene expression in hormone‐dependent breast cancer cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 85: 601–614, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.