bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulator defect degree detection based on multi-scale feature fusion based on transfer learning
Authors: Liu Yanli , Jin Jiahe , Zhang Heng , Wang Yingzhou , Xiong Neal N. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In high-voltage transmission lines, insulators are essential for isolating electronic devices and supporting the line. Traditional detection methods face challenges when using unmanned aerial vehicles to capture insulator images due to blur-riness and the small size of insulators. This study enhances the Detr insulator defect detection model through a transfer learning strategy. A convolutional neu-ral network is trained on a limited dataset, providing it with prior knowledge. The Deformable Detr model leverages the insulator string dataset to enhance prior knowledge and accurately detect the bounding boxes of each insulator. A defect detection and classification device with multi-scale feature fusion is added to Deformable Detr. After classifier combination, images are categorized as undamaged , damaged, or flashover-damaged insulators. Corresponding loss functions are set, and after model training, parameters are optimized through backpropa-gation. Experimental results show a 97.5% accuracy on the test set, highlighting the network’s strong generalization ability.
Adding salt to food as an indicator of gastric cancer risk among adults: A prospective study
Authors: Gicevic Selma Kronsteiner , Thompson Alysha S. , Gaggl Martina , Bell William , Cassidy Aedín , Kühn Tilman 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background: While dietary salt intake has been linked with gastric cancer risk in Asian studies, findings from Western populations are sparse and limited to case-control studies.
Methods: We evaluated associations between the frequency of adding salt to food and the risk of gastric cancer in a large prospective cohort of UK adults, the UK Biobank (N=471,144). Frequency of adding salt to food was obtained from a touchscreen questionnaire completed by participants at baseline (2006-2010). 24-h urinary sodium excretion was estimated using INTERSALT formulae. Cancer incidence was obtained by linkage to national cancer registries.
Results: During the median 10.9 years of follow-up, 640 gastric cancer cases were recorded. In multivariable models, participants reporting adding salt to food “always” had a 41% higher risk of gastric cancer compared to participants who reported adding salt to food “never/rarely” (95%CI: +4%, +91%). There was a positive graded association between the frequency of adding salt to food and estimated 24-h urinary sodium. On the other hand, associations of estimated 24-h urinary sodium with gastric cancer were nonsignificant.
Conclusions: “Always adding salt to food” was associated with a higher gastric cancer risk in a large sample of UK adults participating in the UK Biobank study compared to “never/rarely” adding salt to food. Frequency of adding salt to food can serve as a useful indicator of salt intake for surveillance purposes and a basis for devising easy-to-understand public health messages.
Mini-abstract
High frequency of adding salt to food was associated with a higher risk of gastric cancer among UK adults independent of age, sex, ethnicity, tobacco and alcohol use, prevalent morbidity, diet, or BMI. This is the first prospective study to show that frequently adding salt to food is related to higher gastric cancer risk in a western population. “Always adding salt to food” can serve as a simple indicator of excessive sodium intake for surveillance purposes and a basis for formulating public health messages aimed at gastric cancer prevention.
A comparison of field portable X-ray fluorescence (FP XRF) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) methods for analysis of metals on surface dust
Authors: O'Donnell Cara , Autenrieth Daniel , Nagisetty Raja 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The traditional method for sampling for lead on surfaces uses inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP -AES) to analyze the concentration of lead and other metals on surfaces. This type of analysis is time consuming and costly. Field portable X-ray fluorescence (FP XRF) is another analysis method that is not as accurate as traditional laboratory methods but is more cost efficient and has a turnaround time of less than an hour. The primary goal of this study is to find the best method to increase the level of agreement between the ICP-AES concentrations and the FP XRF concentrations when analyzing lead concentrations on surface wipes. Inverse regression and ratio of the means correction factors were analyzed to try to improve the prediction of ICP-AES concentrations using FP XRF results. Fifty-seven dust wipe samples were analyzed using a split-half design. Half of the samples were used to create the correction factor and the other half were used to test the level of agreement. Linear regression and Bland -Altman plots were used to determine the correction factor that provided the highest level of agreement. A ratio of the means correction factor was determined to be the most appropriate.
How often can a protected area burn? Long-term detection of active fires in a Neotropical National Forest and implications for management
Authors: Silva Maycon Lima da , Félix Hudson Coimbra , Diehl Larissa Moura , Bernardi José Vicente Elias , Ribeiro Rômulo José da Costa , Salemi Luiz Felippe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Fire, depending on its intensity, frequency and duration, can have a undesired pernicious effect in natural protected areas (NPAs). However, little is known on the dynamic of fire in NPAs within developing countries. In the present paper we answer the following question: how often, in annual terms, can a natural proteced area close to a populated urban centers burn? To adress this, we mapped and classified active fires in the Brasília National Forest (Federal District, Brazil) over a twenty-year period (from 2001 to 2020). A total of 1.339 active fires were detected throughout this period, occurring every year. Most of the active fire hotspots were concentrated in areas dominated by forest plantations, grasslands, savanas and natural forests. There was significant increase in detection of active fire after 2009. The fact that there are fires every year indicated the need for (i) a greater number of firefighters available and (ii) increase in environmental education campaigns about fire in the surrounding areas of the NPA.
Smart Traffic Management of Vehicles using Faster R-CNN based Deep Learning Method
Authors: Chaudhuri Arindam 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

With constant growth of civilization and modernization of cities all across the world since past few centuries smart traffic management of vehicles is one of the most sorted after problem by research community. Smart traffic management basically involves segmentation of vehicles, estimation of traffic density and tracking of vehicles. The vehicle segmentation from videos helps realization of niche applications such as monitoring of speed and estimation of traffic. When occlusions, background with clutters and traffic with density variations, this problem becomes more intractable in nature. Keeping this motivation in this research work, we investigate Faster R-CNN based deep learning method towards segmentation of vehicles. This problem is addressed in four steps viz minimization with adaptive background model, Faster R-CNN based subnet operation, Faster R-CNN initial refinement and result optimization with extended topological active nets. The computational framework uses adaptive background modeling. It also addresses shadow and illumination issues. Higher segmentation accuracy is achieved through topological active net deformable models. The topological and extended topological active nets help to achieve stated deformations. Mesh deformation is achieved with minimization of energy. The segmentation accuracy is improved with modified version of extended topological active net. The experimental results demonstrate superiority of this framework.
Incidental finding of gastric lesions during endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: Okujima Yusuke , Kumagi Teru , Koizumi Mitsuhito , Kuroda Taira , Ohno Yoshinori , Imamura Yoshiki , Okada-Kanemitsu Kozue , Marui-Sato Kaori , Kokubu Masahito , Numata Yuki , Yamanishi Hirofumi , Azemoto Nobuaki , Yokota Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Yasunori , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Gastric lesions may be incidentally detected during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). We aimed to clarify the detection rate of gastric lesions and the impact of awareness on the detection of gastric lesions during EUS.
Methods
This retrospective study collected data on age, sex, primary pancreatobiliary disease, indication for EUS and detection of gastric lesions. The detection rate of incidental gastric lesions and documentation of gastric findings was compared between patients who underwent EUS (1,932 procedures, 1,220 patients). A quick gastric screening during EUS was introduced in 2015; therefore, EUS was classified into the former group (2009–2014: 505 procedures, 409 patients) and the latter group (2015–2020: 1,427 procedures, 918 patients).
Results
Thirteen gastric lesions were incidentally detected during EUS, all in the latter group, including gastric cancer (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 1), gastric adenoma (n = 1), gastric submucosal tumor (n = 2), and gastric ulcer (n = 8). The detection rate of gastric lesions was significantly higher in the latter group than in the former group per procedure (0.91% vs. 0%, P = 0.027) and per patient (1.41% vs. 0%, P = 0.015), and gastric findings were significantly more commonly described in patients’ medical records (39.8% vs. 2.97%, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Gastric lesions may be encountered during EUS. A quick screening during EUS improved the detection rate of gastric lesions, presumably due to increased awareness of gastric lesions during the procedure.
An analysis of gasdermin family of genes in UCEC with respect to malignancy status, mutation percentages and histologic diagnosis
Authors: BERKEL Caglar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Pyroptosis is a type of programmed lytic cell death mechanism associated with the activation of inflammasomes and inflammatory caspases, proteolytic cleavage of gasdermin proteins (GSDMA-E and PJVK), resulting in the formation of pores in cellular membranes such as plasma membrane and mitochondrial membranes. Here, I show that GSDMC expression was increased, GSDME (DFNA5) and PJVK (DFNB59) expression were decreased in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) cells compared to normal endometrial cells. Total percentage of patients affected by mutations in gasdermin family of genes was the highest in UCEC compared to other cancer types. The highest mutation percentage among the members of the protein family was observed for GSDME which also showed the most significant difference in the mRNA expression among other family members between tumor and normal samples, possibly pointing to its relatively higher importance in the pathogenesis of UCEC. Gasdermin family of genes (except GSDMA) had higher transcript levels in serous endometrial adenocarcinoma than in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma, demonstrating the histotype-dependent expression of the most of gasdermin genes in UCEC. Transcript levels of certain gasdermin family members also differed based on residual tumor status and histologic tumor grade; however, the expression of any gasdermin genes did not change depending on menopause status. This study suggests that a better mechanistic understanding of pyroptotic cell death in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma might help identify novel therapeutic targets for the management of this gynecological malignancy.
Universality of a surface chemical reaction network using only bi-molecular reactions
Authors: Yu Sihai , Lee Jia , Isokawa Teijiro 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In recent years, a novel molecular computation model known as surface chemical reaction network (surface CRN) has garnered significant attention. In this approach, a chemical molecule is placed at each lattice site, and each molecule undergoes bi-molecular reactions with neighboring molecules or uni-molecular reactions autonomously. The advantages of surface CRNs have facilitated new opportunities and challenges in the field of molecular programming. In order to accomplish more intricate computational tasks, establishing a practical computational model with lower complexity on surface CRNs becomes imperative.To this end, this paper proposes a novel model of surface CRNs using only 10 species and 10 reactions, the numbers of which are less than the previous model (Clamons, 2020). In particular,this model employs merely bi-molecular reactions, by excluding all uni-molecular reactions.We show thatour new model can be used to implement a universal set of Brownian circuit elements,thereby giving rise to the universality for constructing all asynchronous circuits, like the well-known logic function, called D-latch, on the surface CRN.
Effect of Manganese and Zinc co-dopants on electrochemical properties of vanadium oxide (V2O5) based electrode: application for supercapacitor
Authors: Ghannam H. , Rossi Z. , Haloui S. , Elmouwahidi A. , Aouni A. , Tite T. , Diani M. , Chahboun A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Vanadium oxides have been investigated for their potential use in electrochemical supercapacitors due to their variable oxidation states yielding surface redox. However, its electrochemical performance is limited by its poor electronic and ionic conductivity. In an attempt to improve the electronic conductance and electrochemical performance of V2O5, (Mn, Zn) co-doped V2O5 is investigated. (Mn, Zn) (2, 2) wt% co-doped V2O5 provides the high specific capacitance, it achieves 23.72F/g at a scan rate of 5mV/s, and it is characterized by very low charge transfer resistance (301mΩ). At 2A/g current density, its power density and energy density are about 2520Wkg− 1, and 4.85Whkg− 1respectively. Because of its good electrochemical performance, (Mn, Zn) (2, 2) wt% co-doped V2O5 has great application prospects in supercapacitors.
Determinación de edad y estimación de los parámetros de crecimiento del Congrio Dorado, Genypterus blacodes (SCHNEIDER, 1801XOSTEICHTHYES, OPHIDIIDAE) EN EL PACIFICO SUR ORIENTAL
Authors: Chong Javier , Aguayo Mario 
Published: January 2024

Se entregan los resultados de un estudio de edad y crecimiento en el congrio dorado (G. hlacodes}. basado en la lectura de anillosanuales de crecimiento en los otolitos sagitales. Se analizó 3.720 pares de otohtos saculares, que corresponden a muestras de ejemplares recolectados mensualmente durante 1984. en el área de la pesquería sur-austral. Se determinó la formación de un anillo opaco y otro hialino durante el año y una alta proporcionalidad entre el incremento en longitud del pez y el radio del otolito. Se discriminó hasta 16 anillos anuales en las hembras y 13 en los machos, detectándose un crecimiento diferencial entre los sexos.La estimación de los parámetros de crecimiento se realizó mediante diferentes métodos de ajuste, utilizando como base el modelo de crecimiento de Von Bertalanffy. en su forma "generalizada" y "especial”. El mejor ajuste para el crecimiento en longitud se obtuvo con el método no linea), tanto en hembras como en machos.
An Essential Role of c-Fos in Notch1-mediated Promotion of Proliferation of
KSHV-Infected SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Xu Huiling , Huang Jinghong , Yao Lixia , Gu Wenyi , Ruzi Aynisahan , Ding Yufei , Li Ying , Liang Weihua , Jiang Jinfang , Pan Zemin , Cao Dongdong , Zhou Naiming , Li Dongmei , Zhang Jinli 
Published: January 2024

Background::
This study aimed to investigate the influence of Notch1 on c-Fos and the effect of c-Fos on the proliferation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated
herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected neuronal cells.

Methods::
Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to determine c-Fos expression levels in KSHV-infected (SK-RG) and uninfected SH-SY5Y cells.
C-Fos levels were measured again in SK-RG cells with or without Notch1 knockdown. Next, we measured c-Fos and p-c-Fos concentrations after
treatment with the Notch1 γ-secretase inhibitor LY-411575 and the Notch1 activator Jagged-1. MTT and Ki-67 staining were used to evaluate the
proliferation ability of cells after c-Fos levels downregulation. CyclinD1, CDK6, and CDK4 expression levels and cell cycle were analyzed by
western blotting and flow cytometry, respectively. After the c-Fos intervention, the KSHV copy number and gene expression of RTA, LANA and
K8.1 were analyzed by real-time TaqMan PCR.

Results::
C-Fos was up-regulated in KSHV-infected SK-RG cells. However, the siRNA-mediated knockdown of Notch1 resulted in a significant decrease in
the levels of c-Fos and p-c-Fos (P <0.01, P <0.001). Additionally, a decrease in Cyclin D1, CDK6, and CDK4 was also detected. The Notch1
inhibitor LY-411575 showed the potential to down-regulate the levels of c-Fos and p-c-Fos, which was consistent with Notch1 knockdown group
(P <0.01), whereas the expression and phosphorylation of c-Fos were remarkably up-regulated by treatment of Notch1 activator Jagged-1 (P
<0.05). In addition, our data obtained by MTT and Ki-67 staining revealed that the c-Fos down-regulation led to a significant reduction in cell
viability and proliferation of the SK-RG cells (P <0.001). Moreover, FACS analysis showed that the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 stage,
and the expressions of Cyclin D1, CDK6, and CDK4 were down-regulated in the c-Fos-knockdown SK-RG cells (P <0.05). Reduction in total
KSHV copy number and expressions of viral genes (RTA, LANA and K8.1) were also detected in c-Fos down-regulated SK-RG cells (P <0.05).

Conclusion::
Our findings strongly indicate that c-Fos plays a crucial role in the promotion of cell proliferation through Notch1 signaling in KSHV-infected
cells. Furthermore, our results suggest that the inhibition of expression of key viral pathogenic proteins is likely involved in this process.
The Regulatory Mechanism of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 and its Clinical
Significance
Authors: Yin Chun-Li , Ma Yu-Jie 
Published: January 2024

Abstract::
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a nuclear protein that plays a crucial role in oxygen homeostasis through its transcriptional activity and
thousands of target gene profiles. Through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, the downstream target genes of HIF can trigger
multiple pathological responses in the body, including energy metabolism, cytopenia, and angiogenesis. There are three distinct subtypes of HIF:
HIF-1, HIF-2, and HIF-3. HIF-1 is a significant regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia, and the balance between its production and
degradation is critical for this response. As hypoxia is linked to several disorders, understanding HIF can open up novel avenues for the treatment
of many diseases. This review describes the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1 synthesis and degradation and the clinical significance of the
hypoxia-inducible factor pathway in lung injury, kidney disease, hematologic disorders, and inflammation-related diseases.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY IN INDIA
Authors: SINGH PRAVEEN , ARNOTE POOJA , THAKUR KAJAL 
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the amount of proteinuria in preeclamptic pregnant women by comparing the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio with the traditional 24 h urine protein collection method. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the spot urine protein/creatinine ratio's diagnostic accuracy and usefulness for proteinuria in this particular patient group.
Methods: transversal research. Ages 18 to 40, gestational age greater than 20 w, and a diagnosis of hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmHg) with proteinuria are the selection criteria. Chronic renal illness, recurrent urinary tract infections, birth prior to a 24 h urine collection period are all considered exclusion factors.
Results: 28.9 y is the mean age, with 45.55% primigravida and 65.55% multigravida. Systolic blood pressure: 94.98 mmHg±8.54. Abnormalities in liver function include total bilirubin (90%), ALT (60%), and AST (60%). Urine protein average over 24 h: 1884 mg/d±2562.
Conclusion: India's HDP epidemiology is complicated and impacted by a wide range of variables. Research and medical interventions must be customized. Additional research is essential for managing and preventing problems in this multicultural country.
CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 PATIENTS DURING ALL THREE WAVES, AN EXPERIENCE FROM A RURAL TERTIARY CARE CENTER, EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: SHUKLA SURABHI , GOYAL NAVEEN , RAI PRIYANKA , SHARMA SWARAJ , MAURYA VINOD KUMAR , GUPTA VIKAS KUMAR 
Published: January 2024

Objective: In this study, an attempt has been made to report the clinical profile, exposure characteristics and outcomes of the COVID-19 patients admitted to our rural tertiary care facility.
Methods: It is a single-centric retrospective observational study and includes data from January 2020 to March 2022. The data were retrieved from patient files. We have recorded patient demography, clinical and laboratory parameters and outcome of the patients. Patients were categorized based on disease severity according to WHO guidelines. Appropriate statistical analysis was applied and p value<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: A total of 2339 patients were included in this study. Total males were 67%, mean age group was 45.43±18.48 y (0 to 101 y), with majority belonging to 46-60 y age group (27.2%). Total comorbid patients were 29.3% with 9.4% accounting for more than one comorbidities. Most common comorbidity noted was diabetes mellitus 15.8% followed by hypertension 13.4%. Total mortality was noted to be 16.2%. Fever was the most common symptom (92%) followed by cough (51%) and myalgia (30%). Disease severity and outcome was significantly correlated with advancing age and the presence of underlying comorbidities.
Conclusion: Rural population had comparable proportion of comorbidities as well as mortality. Common risk factors for severe disease in rural setting were similar to urban setting and old age and more than one comorbidities. Country-wide rural data should be collected for a better understanding of COVID-19 disease in rural and remote population.
La mediación lingüística y cultural en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Michienzi Rossella 
Published: January 2024

A partir de un análisis del Volumen Complementario del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia de las Lenguas: aprendizaje, enseñanza, evaluación (Consejo de Europa, 2020), la argumentación se centra en el concepto de mediación en cuanto instrumento privilegiado de co-construcción de significado que, en línea con un enfoque básicamente orientado a la acción, puede llegar a tener un impacto radical en la pedagogía de la enseñanza de idiomas.
To Conduct a Prospective Study on Pioglitazone Induced Kidney Injury in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Archana B. , Vishwada Palla , Charani Yallapragada Sahithi Sri , Shri Dadi Sneha 
Published: January 2024

Conducting a prospective study on kidney impairment caused by pioglitazone at tertiary care hospitals is the study's goal. The goal is to assess Pioglitazone, mortality, quality of life, and the degree of the medication's harmful side effects in diabetic patients. According to the "Pioglitazone-induced kidney injury" prospective study. Out of 350 trial participants, prolonged pioglitazone use in diabetic patients has been shown to raise serum creatinine levels by up to 11%. Additionally, individuals who have been using pioglitazone for six to ten years are more likely to experience renal injury, with males in the 50–60 year age range being the most common victims.
Keywords: Pioglitazone, diabetic, prospective, tertiary care, hospital.