bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameterization of anisotropic media by A-parameters
Authors: Pšenčík Ivan , Farra Véronique 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMost common parameterization of anisotropic media is by twenty one independent elements aijkl of the density-normalized stiffness tensor or by twenty one independent elements Aαβ of the density-normalized matrix of elastic parameters in the Voigt notation. These parameters are commonly of significantly different sizes, are dimensional, in (km/s)2, often appear in combinations. We are offering an alternative parameterization by twenty one A-parameters (anisotropic parameters), which removes the mentioned disadvantages and possesses some additional useful properties. For example, axes or planes of coordinate systems, in which A-parameters are defined, need not be related to symmetry axes or planes of the considered anisotropy symmetry as required in other similar parameterizations. In combination with the first-order weak-anisotropy approximation, in which anisotropy is considered as the first-order perturbation of reference isotropy, parameterization by A-parameters yields insight into the role of individual A-parameters in the wave propagation problems. For example, it turns out that in the first-order weak-anisotropy approximation, P- and S-wave velocities are each controlled by fifteen A-parameters. A set of six of them appears only in the expression for P-wave velocity, a set of other six A-parameters appears only in S-waves velocity expressions. Remaining set of nine A-parameters is common for both waves. We present transformation of A-parameters, analogue to Bond transformation, and useful formulae for the weak-anisotropy approximation for anisotropy of any symmetry and arbitrary tilt.
Pike Mercury Concentration in Small Boreal Headwater Lakes During Four Decades of Regional and Local Changes
Authors: Rask Martti , Malinen Tommi , Nyberg Kari , Olin Mikko , Kurkilahti Mika , Blauberg Tarja-Riitta , Salonen Maiju , Vesala Sami , Ruuhijärvi Jukka , Tiainen Joni , Vuorenmaa Jussi , Lodenius Martin , Arzel Celine , Nummi Petri , Kahilainen Kimmo K. , Verta Matti , Arvola Lauri 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe measured the total mercury (THg) concentration in the muscle of northern pike (Esox lucius L.) from 12 boreal headwater lakes once per decade during the 1980s to 2010s. Relations of pike THg to regional environmental changes, such as reduction of acid deposition and increase in water colour (i.e. browning), were examined as well as the effects of local lake-specific changes caused by introduced beavers (Castor canadensis) and intensive fishing of pike. No consistent decrease in pike THg took place during 1983–2013 despite the reductions in mercury emissions from European sources since the 1990s and the associated decreased mercury deposition in Finland. In most of the lakes, individual pike exceeded the recommended limit for human consumption (1 mg kg−1, wet weight). The highest THg levels were recorded in 2002 following intensive browning of the lakes in the 1990s in connection with decreased sulphate deposition. The effects of acid deposition were only seen as the highest pike THg in the two most acidic lakes in the early 1980s. After taking length effects into account, pike THg had a negative relationship with growth (i.e. growth dilution), but a positive relationship with water colour, iron, nutrients and maximum lake depth. Females grew faster and had lower THg than males. Pike THg was elevated in beaver-impacted lakes. Experimental removal of pike from three study lakes during 2005–2013 resulted in a decrease of pike THg. These findings emphasize the significance of local abiotic and biotic drivers when interpreting the regional long-term trends in pike THg.
Performance analysis of inverse successive interference cancellation in NOMA-based communications
Authors: Ozduran Volkan , Nomikos Nikolaos 
Published: January 2024

AbstractNon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising solution to enhance the spectral efficiency of sixth generation (6G) networks. NOMA enables multiple users to be concurrently served, relying on superposition coding at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receivers. However, in practice, hardware impairments and channel estimation errors will lead to incorrect signal ordering. This study analyses inverse successive interference cancellation (ISIC) in downlink power-domain NOMA networks. In the worst case, ISIC will inversely order the N received signals, compared to conventional SIC. First, ISIC will decode the signal with the minimum allocated power, while treating the other $$N-1$$

N
-
1

signals as interference. This process is repeated $$N-1$$

N
-
1

times and in the last step, the signal with the maximum allocated power will be decoded without interference. Various key performance metrics for ISIC are analytically derived, including the outage probability, throughput, error probability, ergodic rate, achievable sum-rate, energy and spectral efficiency. In order to provide further insights on ISIC, an asymptotic analysis is also provided. Comparisons with SIC reveal that for the signal with the second-lowest power allocation level, ISIC achieves better performance, while the performance of the information signal with the minimum allocated power is degraded. Overall, our findings shed light on the performance of NOMA in practical settings where SIC can not be correctly performed and focuses on the worst-case where the decoding order at the receiver is completely inversed.
Perceived comfort and tool usability during robot-assisted and traditional laparoscopic surgery: a survey study
Authors: Hislop Jaime , Tirosh Oren , Isaksson Mats , McCormick John , Hensman Chrys 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIt is known that over half of previously surveyed surgeons performing Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery (RALS) and three-quarters of those performing Traditional Laparoscopic Surgery (TLS) experience intraoperative pain. This survey study aimed to expand upon the ongoing impact of that pain as well as perceived tool usability associated with TLS and RALS, for which considerably less documentation exists. A survey regarding the presence and impact, either immediate or ongoing, of intraoperative pain and Likert scale questions regarding tool usability was administered to TLS and RALS surgeons on the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) mailing list. Prevalence statistics as well as trends based on biological sex and glove size were obtained from the 323 responses. Most respondents were right-handed European males (83−88%) with a medium glove size (55.8%). Moderate or severe shoulder symptoms were experienced by one-third of TLS surgeons. Twenty-one percent of RALS surgeons experienced neck symptoms that impacted their concentration. Small-handed surgeons experienced wrist symptoms significantly more frequently than large-handed surgeons, regardless of modality. RALS was associated with a significantly more optimal back and wrist posture compared to TLS. TLS surgeons reported increased ease with applying and moderating force while operating. These results suggest that intraoperative pain may be severe enough in many cases to interfere with surgeon concentration, negatively impacting patient care. Continuing to understand the relationship between tool usability and comfort is crucial in guaranteeing the health and well-being of both surgeons and patients.
Using AI to Write a Review Article Examining the Role of the Nervous System on Skeletal Homeostasis and Fracture Healing
Authors: Nazzal Murad K. , Morris Ashlyn J. , Parker Reginald S. , White Fletcher A. , Natoli Roman M. , Fehrenbacher Jill C. , Kacena Melissa A. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Three review articles have been written that discuss the roles of the central and peripheral nervous systems in fracture healing. While content among the articles is overlapping, there is a key difference between them: the use of artificial intelligence (AI). In one paper, the first draft was written solely by humans. In the second paper, the first draft was written solely by AI using ChatGPT 4.0 (AI-only or AIO). In the third paper, the first draft was written using ChatGPT 4.0 but the literature references were supplied from the human-written paper (AI-assisted or AIA). This project was done to evaluate the capacity of AI to conduct scientific writing. Importantly, all manuscripts were fact checked and extensively edited by all co-authors rendering the final manuscript drafts significantly different from the first drafts.

Recent Findings
Unsurprisingly, the use of AI decreased the time spent to write a review. The two AI-written reviews took less time to write than the human-written paper; however, the changes and editing required in all three manuscripts were extensive. The human-written paper was edited the most. On the other hand, the AI-only paper was the most inaccurate with inappropriate reference usage and the AI-assisted paper had the greatest incidence of plagiarism.

Summary
These findings show that each style of writing presents its own unique set of challenges and advantages. While AI can theoretically write scientific reviews, from these findings, the extent of editing done subsequently, the inaccuracy of the claims it makes, and the plagiarism by AI are all factors to be considered and a primary reason why it may be several years into the future before AI can present itself as a viable alternative for traditional scientific writing.
Boric Acid and Borax Protect Human Lymphocytes from Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Induced by 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol
Authors: Turkez Hasan , Tozlu Ozlem Ozdemir , Arslan Mehmet Enes , Baba Cem , Saracoglu Muhammed Melik , Yıldız Edanur , Tatar Abdulgani , Mardinoglu Adil 
Published: January 2024

Abstract3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a member of the group of pollutants known as chloropropanols and is considered a genotoxic carcinogen. Due to the occurrence of 3-MCPD, which cannot be avoided in multiplexed food processes, it is necessary to explore novel agents to reduce or prevent the toxicity of 3-MCPD. Many recent studies on boron compounds reveal their superior biological roles such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antigenotoxic properties. In the current investigation, we have evaluated in vitro cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic damage potential of 3-MCPD on human whole blood cultures and the alleviating effect of boric acid (BA) and borax (BX) for 72 h. In our in vitro experiments, we have treated blood cells with BA and BX (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L) and 3-MCPD (at IC50 of 11.12 mg/l) for 72 h to determine the cytotoxic damage potential by using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays. Oxidative damage was assessed using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Genotoxicity evaluations were performed using chromosome aberrations (CAs) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assays. The result of our experiments showed that the 3-MCPD compound induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in a clear concentration-dependent manner. BA and BX reduced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity induced by 3-MCPD. In conclusion, BA and BX are safe and non-genotoxic under the in vitro conditions and can alleviate cytotoxic, oxidative, and genetic damage induced by 3-MCPD in the human blood cells. Our findings suggest that dietary boron supplements may offer a novel strategy for mitigating hematotoxicity induced by xenobiotics, including 3-MCPD.
Incidental thyroid carcinoma in an endemic goiter area in Italy: histopathological features and predictors of a common finding
Authors: Chiefari Eusebio , Innaro Nadia , Gervasi Rita , Mirabelli Maria , Giuliano Stefania , Donnici Alessandra , Obiso Stefania , Brunetti Francesco S. , Foti Daniela Patrizia , Brunetti Antonio 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The occurrence and histopathological features of incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) vary considerably among populations from different geographical regions. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and histopathological characteristics of ITC in patients who underwent thyroid surgery for apparently benign thyroid diseases in an endemic goiter area in Italy.

Methods
A total of 649 consecutive patients (531 females and 118 males; mean age, 52.9 ± 11.0 years), who underwent thyroid surgery at the Endocrine Surgery Unit of the tertiary care “Renato Dulbecco” University Hospital (Catanzaro, Italy) in the period between years 2017 and 2022, were included in this retrospective study. A comprehensive histopathological examination was performed on surgically excised thyroid tissue. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify potential predictors of ITC.

Results
The histopathological examination revealed the presence of ITC in 81 patients, accounting for 12.5% of the total study population. The female to male ratio was found to be 6.4 to 1. Among the patients with ITC, 72 had papillary carcinoma (PTC), with 53 of these tumors being microcarcinomas (microPTC). Additionally, 5 patients had follicular thyroid carcinoma, 2 patients had low-risk follicular cell-derived thyroid neoplasms, 1 patient had an oncocytic carcinoma, and 1 patient had a medullary thyroid carcinoma. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between female sex and incidental microPTC.

Conclusions
These findings provide further evidence of the common occurrence of ITC, typically in the form of microPTC, among individuals who undergo thyroid surgery for apparently benign thyroid diseases.
Early-Life Social Determinants of SCA6 Age at Onset, Severity, and Progression
Authors: Chen Tiffany X. , Casey Hannah L. , Lin Chi-Ying R. , Boyle Theresa A. , Schmahmann Jeremy D. , L’Italien Gilbert J. , Kuo Sheng-Han , Gomez Christopher M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSCA6 patients with the same size CAG repeat allele can vary significantly in age at onset (AAO) and clinical progression. The specific external factors affecting SCA6 have yet to be investigated. We assessed the effect of early life events on AAO, severity, and progression in SCA6 patients using a social determinant of health approach. We performed a survey of biological and social factors in SCA6 patients enrolled in the SCA6 Network at the University of Chicago. AAO of ataxia symptoms and patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) of ataxia were used as primary outcome measures. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO) regressions were used to identify which early life factors are predictive of SCA6 AAO, severity, and progression. Multiple linear regression models were then used to assess the degree to which these determinants influence SCA6 health outcomes. A total of 105 participants with genetically confirmed SCA6 completed the assessments. SCA6 participants with maternal difficulty during pregnancy, active participation in school sports, and/or longer CAG repeats were determined to have earlier AAO. We found a 13.44-year earlier AAO for those with maternal difficulty in pregnancy than those without (p = 0.008) and a 12.31-year earlier AAO for those active in school sports than those who were not (p < 0.001). Higher education attainment was associated with decreased SCA6 severity and slower progression. Early life biological and social factors can have a strong influence on the SCA6 disease course, indicating that non-genetic factors can contribute significantly to SCA6 health outcomes.
A Comprehensive Descriptive Analysis of Out-of-Session Meditation in a Residential Treatment Setting: Duration, Frequency, and Type of Practice
Authors: Zhang Diana , Black David S. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
A nuanced examination of human behavior can yield valuable insights into whether a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) promotes meditation practices and to what degree in various populations. This study aimed to offer a comprehensive analysis of meditation behaviors exhibited by individuals in response to a MBI in the context of an intensive residential treatment program for addiction recovery.

Method
A total of 100 participants enrolled in a residential treatment program participated in an added MBI component to their routine care. We quantified the type, frequency, and duration of meditation practices outside of scheduled MBI sessions and conducted a descriptive analysis to investigate how these practices during the intervention predicted meditation behaviors 7 months later.

Results
All seven common types of mindfulness meditation assessed, except the body scan, were performed an average of once per day during the MBI. The longest average duration of meditation practice was observed in the case of walking meditation, during both the MBI (M=20.30, SD=16.66 min) and 7-month follow-up (M=25.43, SD=20.85 min). Out-of-session meditation frequency (unstandardized beta, B=0.56, p<0.001) and duration (B=0.45, p=0.02) during the MBI significantly predicted subsequent meditation behaviors 7 months later, even after adjusting for treatment site discharge status and other clinical variables.

Conclusions
Most participants in this addiction recovery sample consistently engaged in a variety of meditation practices outside of formal MBI class sessions while in residential living, performing them approximately once a day, with a particularly robust response to walking meditation. The persistence of meditation practice 7 months later suggests that the learned behaviors endure throughout addiction recovery.

Preregistration
This original trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02977988)
Imagining sustainable futures: a response to Buhr
Authors: Gerola Alessio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this response, I express sympathy for Buhr's proposal to expand our typology into an ethical framework of eco-normative profiling of (sustainable) technologies. I reflect on crucial issues that this framework should include, offering some words of caution against taking concepts such as Anthropocene and sustainability too lightly. I end with an invitation to include multiple and diverse perspectives about what sustainable futures could look like.
On Crofton’s type formulas and the solid angle of convex sets
Authors: Bruna J. , Cufí J. , Gallego E. , Reventós A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHere we analyze three dimensional analogues of the classic Crofton formula for planar compact convex sets. In this formula a fundamental role is played by the visual angle of the convex set from an exterior point. A generalization of the visual angle to convex sets in the Euclidean space is the visual solid angle. This solid angle, being an spherically convex set in the unit sphere, has perimeter, area and other geometric quantities to be considered. The main goal of this note is to express invariant quantities of the original convex set depending on volume, surface area and mean curvature integral by means of integrals of functions related to the solid angle.
Synthesis of CaO-Fe and CaO-Ag nanocomposites using raw and hydrolyzed waste chicken eggshell and investigation of their antimicrobial, biofilm inhibition activity, DNA cleavage ability, and antioxidant activity properties
Authors: Tollu Gülşah , Yabalak Erdal , Özdemir Sadin , Işık Zelal , Dizge Nadir 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
In this study, CaO-Fe and CaO-Ag nanocomposites were synthesized and various biological properties were characterized. E. coli cell viability, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antibiofilm, and DNA cleavage properties were examined. All nanocomposites, namely raw CaO-Ag (R-CaO-Ag), hydrolyzed CaO-Ag (H-CaO-Ag), raw CaO-Fe (R-CaO-Fe), and hydrolyzed CaO-Fe (H-CaO-Fe), were found to have good antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties. They showed antioxidant activity of 83.33%, 70.60%, 74.73%, and 72.78%, respectively, at 200 mg/L nanocomposites. When DNA cleavage properties of R-CaO-Ag, H-CaO-Ag, R-CaO-Fe, and H-CaO-Fe were evaluated at different concentrations, single-strand break was observed for all samples. It was shown that R-CaO-Ag was more effective against S. aureus and C. tropicalis, and H-CaO-Ag was more effective against E. hirae. It was found that the antimicrobial activities of R-CaO-Ag and H-CaO-Ag were higher compared to R-CaO-Fe and H-CaO-Fe. The microbial cell viability of nanocomposites was examined at three different concentrations. Even at the lowest concentration (125 mg/L), high values of E. coli inhibition were found as 98.65%, 100%, 90.24%, and 88.63%, respectively. Also, it was observed that all nanocomposites exhibited excellent biofilm inhibition activities. The antibiofilm abilities of one Gr (+) and one Gr (−) microorganism at three different concentrations were investigated. Biofilm inhibition percentages of R-CaO-Ag, H-CaO-Ag, R-CaO-Fe, and H-CaO-Fe were found as 65.83%, 86.5%, 89.67%, and 93.62% for S. aureus at 500 mg/L, respectively, while it was 50.06%, 90.68%, 71.69%, and 92.36% for P. aeruginosa, respectively, at 500 mg/L.
Moving up the ladder: the spatial determinants of intergenerational occupational mobility in rural India
Authors: Sen Kunal 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine the “geography of mobility” for rural India. We study the spatial determinants of intergenerational occupational mobility across villages in India. Using a nationally representative data set—the Indian Human Development Survey of 2011–2012, which has detailed information on the occupations of fathers and sons as well as data on village-level covariates, we find clear effects of village-level factors in explaining intergenerational occupational mobility. The remoteness of the village, its agro-ecological and climactic conditions, infrastructural public goods and its economic prosperity are important correlates of whether the son is less likely to follow his parent’s occupation in the village.
Happiness among subaltern groups: Dalits in India and blacks in South Africa
Authors: Borooah Vani Kant 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study has two purposes; the first is to test differences between dominant and subordinate groups in India and South Africa. For India, the comparison is between caste groups: the dominant “forward castes” and the subordinate “non-forward castes”. For South Africa, the comparison is between racial groups: whites as a dominant group and non-Whites (Blacks, Coloured, and Asians) as a subordinate group. The second purpose of the study is to compare happiness levels between India and South Africa with a view to rigorously establishing where happiness is greatest and what its drivers are. These issues are examined using data from the World Values Survey (WVS). Covering in excess of 250,000 respondents drawn from 90 countries, and available for the period 1994–2014, WVS remains the most widely accessible database on well-being. This study establishes that, in general, Indians were happier than South Africans in this period, meaning that the predicted probability of being happy was, on average, higher in India (84.2%) than in South Africa (81.1%). Another important finding was that persons from the dominant groups were more likely to be happy in South Africa than in India but that persons from the subordinate groups were more likely to be happy in India than in South Africa.
The gender bias in regional councilors’ reelection in Italy
Authors: Cellini Roberto , Cuccia Tiziana 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates whether a gender bias exists in the reelection of regional councilors in Italy. A dataset of 4794 councilors elected since 1985 is considered; 597 (i.e., 12.45%) among them are women. The determinants of the reelection are analyzed. A significant gender bias in reelection emerges, even after controlling for several individual and institutional factors. The gender bias in reelection is stable over time, similar across different traditional political parties, and similar in different geographical areas. Institutional and individual factors are also studied in the interaction with gender bias.