bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Humoral Responses to Nipah Virus Infection in the Syrian Hamster Model of Disease
Authors: Scholte Florine E M , Rodriguez Sergio E , Welch Stephen R , Davies Katherine A , Genzer Sarah C , Coleman-McCray JoAnn D , Harmon Jessica R , Sorvillo Teresa E , Lo Michael K , Karaaslan Elif , Bergeron Eric , Montgomery Joel M , Spengler Jessica R , Spiropoulou Christina F 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus. The Syrian hamster model recapitulates key features of human NiV disease and is a critical tool for evaluating antivirals and vaccines. Here we describe longitudinal humoral immune responses in NiV-infected Syrian hamsters. Samples were obtained 1–28 days after infection and analyzed by ELISA, neutralization, and Fc-mediated effector function assays. NiV infection elicited robust antibody responses against the nucleoprotein and attachment glycoprotein. Levels of neutralizing antibodies were modest and only detectable in surviving animals. Fc-mediated effector functions were mostly observed in nucleoprotein-targeting antibodies. Antibody levels and activities positively correlated with challenge dose.
Computer-aided, resistance gene-guided genome mining for proteasome and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Authors: Jenkinson Cory B , Podgorny Adam R , Zhong Cuncong , Oakley Berl R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Secondary metabolites (SMs) are biologically active small molecules, many of which are medically valuable. Fungal genomes contain vast numbers of SM biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with unknown products, suggesting that huge numbers of valuable SMs remain to be discovered. It is challenging, however, to identify SM BGCs, among the millions present in fungi, that produce useful compounds. One solution is resistance gene-guided genome mining, which takes advantage of the fact that some BGCs contain a gene encoding a resistant version of the protein targeted by the compound produced by the BGC. The bioinformatic signature of such BGCs is that they contain an allele of an essential gene with no SM biosynthetic function, and there is a second allele elsewhere in the genome. We have developed a computer-assisted approach to resistance gene-guided genome mining that allows users to query large databases for BGCs that putatively make compounds that have targets of therapeutic interest. Working with the MycoCosm genome database, we have applied this approach to look for SM BGCs that target the proteasome β6 subunit, the target of the proteasome inhibitor fellutamide B, or HMG-CoA reductase, the target of cholesterol reducing therapeutics such as lovastatin. Our approach proved effective, finding known fellutamide and lovastatin BGCs as well as fellutamide- and lovastatin-related BGCs with variations in the SM genes that suggest they may produce structural variants of fellutamides and lovastatin. Gratifyingly, we also found BGCs that are not closely related to lovastatin BGCs but putatively produce novel HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

One-Sentence Summary
A new computer-assisted approach to resistance gene-directed genome mining is reported along with its use to identify fungal biosynthetic gene clusters that putatively produce proteasome and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.
Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in Japan: procedures, advantages and current status
Authors: Sano Daisuke , Tateya Ichiro , Hori Ryusuke , Ueda Tsutomu , Mori Terushige , Maruo Takashi , Tsukahara Kiyoaki , Oridate Nobuhiko ,   Committee for Transoral Robotic Surgery, Japan Society for Head and Neck Surgery
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Transoral robotic surgery (TORS), introduced by Weinstein et al. in 2005, has been widely adopted as a minimally invasive procedure, particularly for the treatment of patients with early stage oropharyngeal cancer. TORS is typically performed using the da Vinci Surgical System, similar to robot-assisted surgeries for other malignancies. The main difference between TORS and these other robot-assisted surgeries is that it is performed through the natural orifice of the mouth, which limits the surgical working space, and that it progresses from the lumen of the pharynx to the deeper tissues. The advantages of TORS are mainly due to the benefits of using the da Vinci Surgical System, such as three-dimensional high-definition images, magnification, multiple forceps articulation, tremor-stabilization function and motion scale function. To date, many big data and meta-analyses have shown that TORS is superior to conventional surgeries, such as open surgery, in terms of oncological outcomes, post-operative functionality and quality of life. In Japan, TORS is expected to spread across the country, as it has been covered by health insurance since April 2022. This review highlights the procedures of TORS, its unique aspects, its unparalleled advantages as a minimally invasive surgery for treating laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers, and its current status in Japan.
Comparison of coccidioidal complement fixation and quantitative immunodiffusion serology at a reference laboratory
Authors: Bryan Allen W , Sykes Jane , Crucillo Kelly , Zhang Kaihua , Bays Derek J , Cohen Stuart H , Wilson Machelle D , Thompson George R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The incidence of coccidioidomycosis continues to increase. The diagnosis frequently relies on non-invasive diagnostic testing with immunodiffusion and complement fixation (CF) testing the current gold standard. A direct comparison of quantitative immunodiffusion and CF for IgG antibodies has not been previously reported. In a comparison of 368 samples, there was close concordance observed (360/368 = 97.8%) (P-value &lt; .001). These tests can be considerably interchangeable in the reference laboratory setting.
Kinematic properties and ages of extended fast, neutral gas around η Carinae: tracing the pre-eruption bipolar wind
Authors: Morse Jon A , Smith Nathan 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present proper-motion measurements and long-slit spectroscopy of the Mg ii nebula around η Carinae obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Detailed kinematics of the Mg ii-emitting material constrain the geometry and history of mass-loss from η Car, and provide estimated ejection dates, assuming linear, ballistic motions. These measurements show that the neutral gas immediately outside the Homunculus – i.e. material into which the Homunculus is now expanding – was expelled over several decades prior to the Great Eruption, thus representing unshocked pre-eruption stellar wind. Material outside the Homunculus is therefore not part of a Hubble-like flow from the Great Eruption itself. This result discriminates between versions of merger-in-a-triple models for η Car. The STIS spectrum of Mg ii-emitting gas along the projected outflow axis displays radial velocities consistent with bipolar expansion, redshifted several hundred km s−1 towards the northwest, similarly blueshifted towards the southeast, and with low internal velocity dispersion. The η Car system was therefore losing mass in a relatively fast, low-density polar wind for several decades that probably traces the critical inspiral phase preceding a merger event.
Modelling molecular clouds and CO excitation in AGN-host galaxies
Authors: Esposito Federico , Vallini Livia , Pozzi Francesca , Casasola Viviana , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , García-Burillo Santiago , Decarli Roberto , Calura Francesco , Vignali Cristian , Mingozzi Matilde , Gruppioni Carlotta , Sengupta Dhrubojyoti 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a new physically motivated model for estimating the molecular line emission in active galaxies. The model takes into account (i) the internal density structure of giant molecular clouds (GMCs), (ii) the heating associated with both stars and the active galactic nuclei (AGNs), respectively, producing photodissociation regions (PDRs) and X-ray-dominated regions (XDRs) within the GMCs, and (iii) the mass distribution of GMCs within the galaxy volume. The model needs, as input parameters, the radial profiles of molecular mass, far-UV flux and X-ray flux for a given galaxy, and it has two free parameters: the CO-to-H2 conversion factor αCO, and the X-ray attenuation column density NH. We test this model on a sample of 24 local (z ≤ 0.06) AGN-host galaxies, simulating their carbon monoxide spectral-line energy distribution (CO SLED). We compare the results with the available observations and calculate, for each galaxy, the best (αCO, NH) with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, finding values consistent with those present in the literature. We find a median αCO = 4.8 M⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1 for our sample. In all the modelled galaxies, we find the XDR component of the CO SLED to dominate the CO luminosity from Jupp ≥ 4. We conclude that, once a detailed distribution of molecular gas density is taken into account, PDR emission at mid-/high-J becomes negligible with respect to XDR.
Short-lived repeating fast radio bursts from tidal disruption of white dwarfs by intermediate-mass black holes
Authors: Xing Jing-Tong , Liu Tong 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The origin of repeating fast radio bursts (RFRBs) is still a mystery. We propose that short-lived RFRBs might be triggered from the tidal disruption of white dwarfs (WDs) by intermediate-mass black holes (BHs). In this model, we show that the remnant WD clusters after tidal collapse cuts the magnetic lines on the BH accretion discs, and during each fall of the clump, so that electrons are torn from the surface of the mass and instantly accelerated to the relativistic energy. The subsequent movement of these electrons along magnetic field lines will result in coherent curvature radiation. This short-lived radio transients might accompany with the accretion process. The luminosity and the time-scale can be estimated to be Ltot ∼ 1.96 × 1040 erg s−1 and Δt ∼ 1.14 ms, respectively, which are consistent with the typical properties of RFRBs. Moreover, the total event rate of our model for generating RFRBs might be as high as $\sim 10~\rm {yr^{-1}~Gpc^{-3}}$.
Barriers and Facilitators to Engaging in Smoking Cessation Support Among Lung Screening Participants
Authors: Smith Pamela , Quinn-Scoggins Harriet , Murray Rachael L , McCutchan Grace , Nelson Annmarie , Moore Graham , Callister Matthew , Tong Hoang , Brain Kate 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Embedded smoking cessation support within lung cancer screening is recommended in the United Kingdom; however, little is known about why individuals decline smoking cessation support in this setting. This study identified psychosocial factors that influence smoking cessation and quit motivation among those who declined support for quitting smoking alongside lung cancer screening.

Aims and Methods
Qualitative interviews were conducted between August 2019 and April 2021 with 30 adults with a smoking history, recruited from the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial. Participants had declined smoking cessation support. Verbatim interview transcripts were thematically analyzed.

Results
Fifty percent of participants were male and the majority were from the most deprived groups. Participants reported low motivation and a variety of barriers to stopping smoking. Participants described modifiable behavioral factors that influenced their quit motivation including self-efficacy, perceived effectiveness of stop-smoking services including smoking cessation aids, risk-minimizing beliefs, lack of social support, absence of positive influences on smoking, and beliefs about smoking/smoking cessation. Broader contextual factors included social isolation and stigma, coronavirus disease 2019, and comorbid mental and physical health conditions that deterred smoking cessation.

Conclusions
To encourage engagement in smoking cessation support during lung cancer screening, interventions should seek to encourage positive beliefs about the effectiveness of smoking cessation aids and increase confidence in quitting as part of supportive, person-centered care. Interventions should also acknowledge the wider social determinants of health among the lung screening-eligible population.

Implications
This study provides an in-depth understanding of the beliefs surrounding smoking and smoking cessation and further potential psychosocial factors that influence those attending lung cancer screening. Many of the barriers to smoking cessation found in the present study are similar to those outside of a lung screening setting however this work offers an understanding of potential facilitators that should be considered in future lung screening programs.
The Petz (lite) recovery map for the scrambling channel
Authors: Nakayama Yasuaki , Miyata Akihiro , Ugajin Tomonori 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We study properties of the Petz recovery map in chaotic systems, such as the Hayden–Preskill setup for evaporating black holes and the Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev (SYK) model. Since these systems exhibit the phenomenon called scrambling, we expect that the expression of the recovery channel $\mathcal {R}$ gets simplified, given by just the adjoint $\mathcal {N}^{\dagger }$ of the original channel $\mathcal {N}$ which defines the time evolution of the states in the code subspace embedded into the physical Hilbert space. We check this phenomenon in two examples. The first one is the Hayden–Preskill setup described by Haar random unitaries. We compute the relative entropy $S(\mathcal {R}\left[\mathcal {N}[\rho ]\right] ||\rho )$ and show that it vanishes when the decoupling is archived. We further show that the simplified recovery map is equivalent to the protocol proposed by Yoshida and Kitaev. The second example is the SYK model where the 2D code subspace is defined by an insertion of a fermionic operator, and the system is evolved by the SYK Hamiltonian. We check the recovery phenomenon by relating some matrix elements of an output density matrix $\langle{T}|\mathcal {R}[\mathcal {N}[\rho ]]|{T^{\prime }}\rangle$ to Rényi-two modular flowed correlators, and show that they coincide with the elements for the input density matrix with small error after twice the scrambling time.
Neuromuscular Dysfunction in Clubfeet Associated With Constriction Band Syndrome
Authors: Starcevich Ana G. , Demetri Leah R.F. , James Michelle A. , Lerman Joel A. 
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Constriction band syndrome (CBS) is a congenital limb anomaly frequently associated with clubfoot. Clubfeet in CBS patients may be associated with peroneal nerve dysfunction in the involved lower extremity; however, the etiology of this neuromuscular dysfunction is not clear. We sought to characterize the distribution of constriction bands on lower extremities with clubfoot and determine if neuromuscular deficit (NMD), defined here as having absent ankle dorsiflexion, was associated with ipsilateral proximal bands. Our secondary aim was to compare the treatment and outcomes of clubfeet with NMD to those without NMD.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of all patients with CBS and clubfoot presenting to our facility between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2018. Treatment with the Ponseti method, at least 1 year of follow-up at this facility, and a detailed physical exam describing lower extremity neuromuscular function and the presence and location of constriction bands were required for inclusion in the study cohort.

Results:
Twenty children with 26 clubfeet were included. Forty-six percent (12/26) of the clubfeet had NMD. Clubfeet with and without NMD had ipsilateral thigh or leg constriction bands at similar rates [42% (5/12) vs. 43% (6/14), P=0.106], and the majority (7/12) of clubfeet with NMD did not have an ipsilateral thigh or leg band. While children with an NMD clubfoot tended toward more casts, relapses, and surgical procedures, these differences did not reach statistical significance. The use of a daytime AFO beyond age four was higher in the NMD clubfeet [58% (7/12) vs. 14% (2/14), P=0.04].

Conclusion:
Clubfeet with neuromuscular deficits may occur in the absence of proximal ipsilateral constriction bands, suggesting they may be caused by mechanisms other than direct damage from visible constriction bands to underlying nerves. They can also coexist with arthrogrypotic conditions. Clubfeet with an NMD tended toward more casts, relapses, and surgeries than those without NMD, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. These patients often elect long-term use of a daytime AFO.
Aesthetic Augmentation of the Trochanteric Gluteal Region in Patients with Gender Dysphoria: Lipoinjection, Gluteal Implants, and Hip Implants
Authors: Cárdenas-Camarena Lázaro , López-Fabila Daniel Atl , Vargas-Flores Edgar , Reyes-Herrera Martin Fernando 
Published: December 2023

Background:
One of the surgical procedures most requested by patients with gender dysphoria is gluteus-trochanteric improvement, and there are few scientific reports on managing this region. We present our 14-year surgical experience combining different surgical procedures for trochanteric gluteal improvement in patients with gender dysphoria.

Methods:
From October 2007 to December 2022, patients with male-to-female gender dysphoria who requested feminization of the trochanteric gluteal region were operated on, undergoing combined liposuction, lipoinjection, and gluteal (GI) and hip implant (HI) placement.

Results:
One hundred seventy-two patients aged between 23 and 56 years (mean: 36.4 years) were included, with follow-up from 3 to 45 months (mean: 26 years). Lipoinjection alone was performed on buttocks and hips in 132 patients (76.7%), GIs plus hip lipoinjection were performed in 22 patients (12.7%), and 18 patients (10.4%) underwent GIs and HIs. Lipoinjection was added to eight patients in this last group. The overall satisfaction in all groups was 89%. The main reason for dissatisfaction was volume loss secondary to fat reabsorption (8%). There were no significant complications, with the most common adverse events being HI displacement in two of 18 patients (11.11%) and wound dehiscence secondary to GI placement in four of 40 patients (10%).

Conclusion:
With the appropriate combination of liposuction, lipoinjection, GIs, and HIs, it is possible to feminize the trochanteric gluteal region with highly satisfactory results.
Close lateral internal sphincterotomy versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tanveer Aiman , Arshad Sheraz , Fakih Nour , Farooq Dawood Azam , Afyouni Ahmad , Kamran Ateeba , Imran Muhammad 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) has been the gold standard for treating chronic anal fissure (CAF) that persists despite other measures. The authors aim to evaluate the effects of the close method (CLIS) of performing LIS as compared to the open method (OLIS).

Methods:
Databases were searched for relevant studies and results were screened to identify eligible articles, and all concerned outcomes were pooled as odd ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% CI in the meta-analysis models using RevMan 5.4.

Results:
Pooled data from 16 trials with 1,711 patients with idiopathic CAF showed that the CLIS has significant lower risk of delayed fissure healing [OR: 0.28, 95% CI (0.10, 0.77), P = 0.01], duration of hospital stay [MD: -0.82 with 95% CI (−1.07, −0.57), P < 0.00001] and postoperative visual analogue pain score (VAPS) at 24 h [MD: −0.30 with 95% CI (−0.39, −0.21), P < 0.00001]. Also, the risk of overall complications [OR: 0.33 with 95% CI (0.19, 0.55), P < 0.0001], incontinence [OR: 0.28 with 95% CI (0.20, 0.38), P < 0.00001], and postoperative pain [OR: 0.56 with 95% CI (0.35, 0.91), P = 0.02] was significantly lower with CLIS.

Conclusion:
CLIS is a safer option than OLIS for treating anal fissure. The risk of delayed fissure healing, incontinence, post-op pain and overall complication was significantly lower. However, the risk of surgical site infection, postoperative bleeding and recurrence did not differ. Future research with more prolonged follow-up is necessary to document recurrence reliably.
Use of Baclofen as a Treatment for Nocturnal Calf Cramps in Individuals With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Kim Hee Jung , Yoon Kyung Bong , Kang Misun , Lee Hee Won , Kim Shin Hyung 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of baclofen and gabapentin in reducing leg pain from nocturnal calf cramps in lumbar spinal stenosis patients.

Design
In a randomized clinical trial, the patients with lumbar spinal stenosis who commonly experienced nocturnal calf cramps were included. Patients were randomly assigned to either the baclofen or gabapentin group. Overall leg pain intensity, nocturnal calf cramp frequency and severity, sleep disturbances and functional disability were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 12 wks.

Results
Thirty-six patients completed the 3-mo study. Both gabapentin and baclofen groups showed a significant reduction in overall leg pain, calf cramp frequency and intensity, and insomnia severity index scores from baseline to the endpoint. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of symptom reduction at different time points. The baclofen group also demonstrated a significant decrease in Oswestry Disability Index scores (P < 0.001), while the gabapentin group did not (P = 0.344). No adverse effects were reported in either group.

Conclusions
Baclofen seems to be as effective and as safe as gabapentin in treating nocturnal calf cramps in lumbar spinal stenosis patients and even shows superiority in enhancing functional outcomes.
Acute Effects of In-Hospital Resistance Training on Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Núñez-Cortés Rodrigo , López-Bueno Laura , López-Bueno Rubén , Cuenca-Martínez Ferran , Suso-Martí Luis , Silvestre Antonio , Casaña José , Cruz-Montecinos Carlos , Andersen Lars Louis , Calatayud Joaquín 
Published: December 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to evaluate the acute responses, in the in-hospital setting, of intensive elastic resistance training on physical function, pain, psychosocial variables, and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Design
In a randomized controlled trial, 40 patients with total knee arthroplasty (≥55 yrs) were assigned to either (1) the intervention group (elastic resistance strengthening) or (2) a control group (conventional protocol). Patients performed three sessions in the hospital at 24, 48, and 72 hrs after total knee arthroplasty. Outcome measures included: self-administered physical function, pain intensity, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, range of motion, perceived change, test timed up and go, knee joint effusion, isometric strength, pressure pain thresholds, and inflammatory markers (levels of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein).

Results
The mixed analysis of variance model showed a significant group*time interaction in favor of the intervention group with a large effect size for kinesiophobia (ηp2 = 0.308, P < 0.001), catastrophizing (ηp2 = 0.242, P < 0.001), and passive range of motion flexion (ηp2 = 0.167, P < 0.001) and a moderate effect size for physical function (ηp2 = 0.103, P = 0.004), pain intensity (ηp2 = 0.139, P < 0.001), timed up and go (ηp2 = 0.132, P = 0.001), self-efficacy (ηp2 = 0.074, P = 0.016), active range of motion flexion (ηp2 = 0.121, P = 0.002), levels of procalcitonin (ηp2 = 0.099, P = 0.005), and C-reactive protein (ηp2 = 0.106, P = 0.004).

Conclusions
Three sessions of intensive elastic resistance training improve physical function, perceived pain, psychosocial variables, and inflammatory markers during the hospitalization period after total knee arthroplasty.