bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an online cardiometabolic and weight loss program: a mixed methods study
Authors: Dandeneau Dianna A. , Leon Silvia J. , Cameranesi Margherita , Alexiuk Mackenzie R. , Protudjer Jennifer L. P. , Bohm Clara J. , DiNella Michelle S. J. , Solmundson Carrie K. , Talson Melanie , Wang Haizhou , Whitlock Reid H. , Rigatto Claudio , Mollard Rebecca C. 
Published: January 2025

Risk factors contributing to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can be addressed through behavior modification, including changes in diet and physical activity. In 2021, The Wellness Institute (WI), located at Seven Oaks General Hospital, created a virtual cardiometabolic risk reduction program in response to COVID-19 pandemic public health restrictions, encompassing virtual health coaching and lifestyle education. The objective was to evaluate the acceptability, adherence, efficacy, and engagement of the WI online cardiometabolic and weight loss program. The study followed a mixed methods quasi-experimental design. A total of 93 participants enrolled. Quantitative measures including anthropometrics, blood chemistry, and lifestyle were assessed for changes via paired t tests at baseline and 16 weeks. Qualitatively, short answer questionnaires and three focus groups were completed to understand participants’ experiences and program acceptability. We combined qualitative and quantitative data for analysis. Seventy-three participants (64 females, 87.7%) completed the final study visit (age 58 ± 11 years, weight 98 ± 20.9 kg). Of those, 98% attended all coaching sessions, would recommend the program, and reported the coaching sessions helped them stay motivated. A reduction in weight (5 ± 9 kg, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (6 ± 10 mmHg, p < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (4 ± 8 mmHg, p < 0.001) were observed. Lifestyle factors also improved, including increases in physical activity ( p < 0.05). Most participants adhered to the program and found it acceptable. Completion was associated with an improvement in weight and blood pressure. These findings highlight the potential of virtual programming to contribute to improving lifestyle and health. Clinicaltrials.gov (ID# NCT04784624CT).
Phantom hairy black holes and wormholes in Einstein-bumblebee gravity
Authors: Ding Chikun , Liu Changqing , Xiao Yuehua , Chen Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper we study Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory minimally coupled with external matter – a phantom/non-phantom (conventional) scalar field, and derive a series of hairy solutions – bumblebee-phantom (BP) and BP-dS/AdS black hole solutions, regular Ellis-bumblebee-phantom (EBP) and BP-AdS wormholes, etc. We first find that the Lorentz violation (LV) effect can change the so-called black hole no-hair theorem and these scalar fields can give a hair to a black hole. If LV coupling constant

$$\ell >-1$$

ℓ
>
-
1

, the phantom field is admissible and the conventional scalar field is forbidden; if

$$\ell <-1$$

ℓ
<
-
1

, the phantom field is forbidden and the conventional scalar field is admissible. By defining the Killing potential

$$\omega ^{ab}$$

ω

ab

, we study the Smarr formula and the first law for the BP black hole, find that the appearance of LV can improve the structure of these phantom hairy black holes – the conventional Smarr formula and the first law of black hole thermodynamics still hold; but for no LV case, i.e., the regular phantom black hole reported in (Phys Rev Lett 96:251101), the first law cannot be constructed at all. We also show there still exists a stable circular orbit around the BP black hole. When the bumblebee potential is linear, we find that the phantom potential and the Lagrange-multiplier

$$\lambda $$

λ

behave as a cosmological constant

$$\Lambda $$

Λ

.
Tautological classes and higher signatures
Authors: Ebert Johannes 
Published: January 2025

For a bundle of oriented closed smooth [Formula: see text]-manifolds [Formula: see text], the tautological class [Formula: see text] is defined by fibre integration of the Hirzebruch class [Formula: see text] of the vertical tangent bundle. More generally, given a discrete group [Formula: see text], a class [Formula: see text] and a map [Formula: see text], one has tautological classes [Formula: see text] associated to the Novikov higher signatures. For odd [Formula: see text], it is well-known that [Formula: see text] for all bundles with [Formula: see text]-dimensional fibres. The aim of this note is to show that the question whether more generally [Formula: see text] (for odd [Formula: see text]) depends sensitively on the group [Formula: see text] and the class [Formula: see text]. For example, given a nonzero cohomology class [Formula: see text] of a surface group, we show that always [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], whereas sometimes [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. The vanishing theorem is obtained by a generalization of the index-theoretic proof that [Formula: see text], while the nontriviality theorem follows with little effort from the work of Galatius and Randal-Williams on diffeomorphism groups of even-dimensional manifolds.
Abnormality Detection Using Power Rising and Descending Signature (PRIDES)
Authors: Mahanta Ashish , Wang Haibo 
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a new paradigm for abnormality detection using a novel power signature that characterizes the rising and descending patterns of energy consumption. The proposed methodology includes a low-overhead power signature generation circuit, computation-light analysis methods, and optimal generation of the golden signature used in the analysis. The proposed power signature generation circuit is designed using 90 nm CMOS technology, and its operation is validated via circuit simulations. The effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting the insertion of potentially malicious code is demonstrated with data obtained from hardware experiments and circuit simulations.
Different PD-L1 Assays Reveal Distinct Immunobiology and Clinical Outcomes in Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Galsky Matthew D. , Kockx Mark , Roels Juliette , Van Elzen Roos , Guan Xiangnan , Yuen Kobe , Rishipathak Deepali , Anker Jonathan F. , Gnjatic Sacha , Izadmehr Sudeh , Sanjabi Shomyesh , Johnston Robert J. , Peterson Maureen , Koeppen Hartmut , David Justin M. , Gupta Saurabh , Bamias Aristotelis , Arranz Jose Angel , Kikuchi Eiji , De Santis Maria , Davis Ian D. , Williams Patrick , Bernhard Sandrine , Mellman Ira , Grande Enrique , Banchereau Romain , Mariathasan Sanjeev 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Testing for PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used to predict immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) benefit but has performed inconsistently in urothelial cancer (UC) clinical trials. Different approaches are used for PD-L1 IHC. We analyzed paired PD-L1 IHC data on UC samples using the SP142 and 22C3 assays from the phase 3 IMvigor130 trial and found discordant findings summarized by four phenotypes: PD-L1 positive by both assays (PD-L1 double positive; PD-L1DP), PD-L1 positive by the SP142 assay only (SP142 single positive; SP142SP), PD-L1 positive by the 22C3 assay only (22C3 single positive; 22C3SP), and PD-L1 negative by both assays double negative (PD-L1 double negative; PD-L1DN). PD-L1DP and SP142SP UCs were associated with more favorable ICB outcomes and increased dendritic-cell (DC) infiltration. SP142 PD-L1 staining co-localized with DC-LAMP, a DC marker, while 22C3 staining was more diffuse. 22C3SP UCs, associated with worse outcomes, were enriched in tumor cell–dominant PD-L1 expression. Multiplex IHC in an independent ICB-treated cohort confirmed that tumor cell–dominant PD-L1 expression was associated with shorter survival. Using different PD-L1 assays, we uncovered that SP142 may preferentially stain PD-L1–expressing DCs, key to orchestrating antitumor immunity, while tumor cell–dominant PD-L1 expression, which underlies a subset of “PD-L1 positive” specimens, is associated with poor ICB outcomes.
Drei pseudepigraphische Prophetenschutzbriefe aus dem Jemen
Authors: Hünefeld Kerstin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Im Zentrum dieses Artikels stehen drei pseudepigraphische Prophetenschutzbriefe aus dem Jemen, deren judäo-arabische Abschriften aus dem 18. – 20. Jahrhundert stammen und als Fälschungen gelten. Obwohl sie im Kern wahrscheinlich auf echte Schutzabkommen zurückgehen, wurden sie in ihrer heute bekannten Form von Mitgliedern der jüdischen Gemeinde selbst verfasst oder redaktionell bearbeitet. Dieser Artikel geht den Fragen nach, in welchen konkreten historisch-politischen Kontexten diese Schreiben entstanden sind, welche Motive und Texte der islamischen Literatur in diese eingearbeitet, und wie diese weiterentwickelt wurden, damit sie erfolgreich im zaiditisch-jemenitischen – und wahrscheinlich tribalen – Kontext angewandt werden konnten. Damit gibt der Artikel Einblicke in die Handlungsstrategien von „Schutzbefohlenen Untertanen“ (ḏimmīs) und in ihre Kenntnisse der islamischen Geschichts- und Rechtsliteratur.
This article focuses on three pseudepigraphic protection letters from Yemen, ascribed to the Prophet Muḥammad. The Judaeo-Arabic copies of these texts date back to the 18th to 20th century in Yemen and are considered forgeries. Although they may partially derive from genuine treaties, they have been found to be authored or edited in their current form by members of the Jewish community. This article explores the historical and political contexts in which these protection letters were likely written, how they were adapted from Islamic literary texts, and later modified to be applied in the Yemeni-Zaydī – and possibly tribal – context. In doing so, the article sheds light on the agency and strategies Yemeni Jews applied while being dhimmīs, as well as the “protected people”‘s knowledge of Islamic historical and legal literature
Monotheism of the Divine Names and Attributes as a Defining Criterion of Salafism
Authors: Ťupek Pavel , Beránek Ondřej 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines how Saudi Salafism, as a modern ideological construct, has gradually linked the theological teachings about the monotheism of the Divine names and attributes (tawḥīd al-asmāʾ wa-l-ṣifāt) of the Ḥanbalī scholar Ibn Taymiyya (1263–1328) with the teachings of his later Ḥanbalī fellow Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb (1703/04–1792). Within this process, the topic has been turned from a peripheral one into a crucial criterion of defining “Salafī-ness” as such. In this sense, to be a Salafī means to be a follower of the Divine names and attributes in the Ḥanbalī interpretation of Ibn Taymiyya as opposed to the mainstream Ashʿarī (and Māturīdī) theology. This criterion, as the authors argue, has been instrumentalized as a tool of claiming one’s legitimacy and superiority.
Historiography of Falsafa in Post-Qajar Iran: Its History and Classification
Authors: Amin Beidokhti Hanif 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The historiography of falsafa in Persian as a genre of philosophical literature is a young phenomenon, rooted in the encounter of the Iranian philosophical community with modern European philosophy. European historiography of philosophy as a discipline is itself modern and was initiated in the eighteenth century and evolved thereafter with the historiography of falsafa as its by-product. Despite its relative youth, Persian historiography of falsafa has yielded considerable outcomes. This paper outlines the historical trajectory leading to the emergence of this new genre of philosophical literature in Iran. It then provides a classification of these works and highlights their salient features. This body of literature offers insights not only for philosophers but also for scholars of cultural studies, social sciences, and political sciences, given that Persian historiographies, like their European counterparts, have also been employed to endorse political or religious identities through the construction of nativist or non-nativist grand narratives.
The Right to Education in the Mother Tongue for National Minorities in Albania
Authors: Kume Enida 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In Albanian national legislation the right to education in the mother tongue for national minorities is defined in accordance with the principles and requirements of Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities and other international agreements in the field of human rights. The analysis of the Albanian national legislative framework that regulates the implementation of this right, evaluation and analysis of the perceptions and opinions of the citizens belonging to the national minorities regarding to their opportunities for education in the mother tongue and the identification of the problems that must be solved to fulfill this right, are the subject of this paper.
Classifying Muslims in Contemporary Europe
Authors: Latif Muhammad Asad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since the late 20th century, how Muslims should be categorised has dominated public discourse in countries where Muslims make up most of the minority. This research compares how Muslims are classified in the UK and Germany in terms of their state, education, and self-identification. Scholar contend, has a lengthy history and explain that Muslims in Germany via the prism of religion, but the history of anti-Muslim racism and anti-black racism is entwined because of semitic and anti-Black racism, which is ultimately the result of colonial hegemony. The topic of how to categorize Muslims has dominated public conversation in nations with most Muslims since the late 20th century. Scholar question widely held beliefs about what it means to be a Muslim through this multidimensional ethnographic and historical investigation, highlighting the significance of the interaction between sociopolitical categories and self-identifications.
The “Sky Optick”
Authors: Warwick Genevieve 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In a contextualising analysis of early modern ocular instruments, this article studies the expanded field of optics surrounding the so-named “Galilean revolution” of scientific vision. From the telescope, to the microscope, and the “sky optick” or scioptic ball, it examines a spectrum of camera obscura constructed in a variety of forms and sizes, and the nomenclature through which they were known. These ranged from portable tent-cameras for topographical surveys; to smaller box-cameras; to the “sky optick,” a camera obscura in the form of an eyeball. The article analyses their component material parts and etymological nomenclatures in order to understand what and how they were understood to “see.” Collectively, this essay argues, these artefacts informed the “Galilean revolution” of early modern vision, in demonstrating the authority of documented visual evidence as the future of scientific research.
Anelastic Convective Entities. Part 2: Adjustment processes and convective cold top
Authors: Kuo Yi-Hung , Neelin J. David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Seeking a family of models filling the hierarchy between steady plumes and cloud-resolving simulations, Part I of this study presented a formulation termed anelastic convective entities (ACEs). The solution includes pressure-mediated nonlocal effects in both vertical and horizontal and thus yields time-dependent simulations of convective updrafts, downdrafts and other aspects of convection even for a single column interacting with a fixed environment through dynamically determined inflow and outflow. Here we show how a straightforward iteration of that formulation can capture interactions among entities in a variety of choices for the geometry of the interactions. Using an oceanic sounding to contrast with land cases in Part 1, we first illustrate that a single ACE can exhibit ongoing time-dependent evolution depending, e.g., on choices in the parameterized turbulence. For a case in which a single ACE with fixed environment would yield a near-steady deep-convective state, we examine the adjustment process in a multi-ACE prototype for adjustment within a climate model grid cell. This embedded ACE configuration exhibits time-dependent stratiform cloud expansion through convective outflow modified by dynamic feedbacks. The grid-scale adjustment process includes not only traditional warming by large-scale descent, but also captures the spread of the convective cold top. The formulation also illustrates the possibility of multi-hour time lag before the transition to deep convection, and remote initiation by small vertical velocities in the grid-cell environment. Comparing 1-, 2-, 4- and 8-ACE instances suggests promise as a potential convective-parameterization class between traditional- and super-parameterization, while providing a sandbox to aid understanding of convective and adjustment processes.
Disparities in COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Vaccination, by Race and Ethnicity and Asian Ethnic Groups, Santa Clara County, California, 2020-2021
Authors: Lin Wen , Swart Madeleine , Stoddard Pamela , Kelsey Kate , Sujeer Anandi , Hoover Christopher M. , Enanoria Wayne 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Disaggregated data on Asian ethnic groups are needed to identify health disparities among Asian people. We examined COVID-19 incidence, deaths, and vaccinations among Asian ethnic groups in Santa Clara County, California. Methods: We extracted data on SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations from December 15, 2020, through August 6, 2021, from the California Reportable Diseases Information Exchange and the California Immunization Registry. We assigned Asian ethnic group based on name for missing self-reported information. We calculated age-adjusted rates and rate ratios of infections and deaths and percentages of vaccinations by race and ethnicity and Asian ethnic group. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to examine factors associated with COVID-19 deaths. Results: Although Asian residents had the lowest rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections per 100 000 people (1801.9; 95% CI, 1771.5-1832.7) among all racial and ethnic groups, when disaggregated by Asian ethnicity, Filipino (3169.0; 95% CI, 3049.1-3292.4) and Vietnamese (3008.4; 95% CI, 2916.9-3102.1) residents had the highest age-adjusted rates. Asian (38.7; 95% CI, 33.7-44.3) and non-Hispanic White (42.3; 95% CI, 37.5-47.5) residents had the lowest rate of COVID-19 deaths compared with all other racial and ethnic groups; however, Filipino (67.6; 95% CI, 49.1-90.8) and Vietnamese (63.7; 97% CI, 48.9-81.6) residents had significantly higher rates than the aforementioned groups did. Among all racial and ethnic groups, Asian residents had the highest completion rate of primary COVID-19 vaccine series by August 6, 2021 (87.0%; 95% CI, 86.8%-87.3%). Within Asian ethnic groups, Filipino residents had the lowest vaccination rate (65.0%; 95% CI, 64.4%-65.6%). Conclusions: Differences in COVID-19 incidence, deaths, and vaccinations among Asian ethnic groups highlight the importance of data collection of ethnic groups as a standard practice.
Quantitative evaluation of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: a comparison of ultrashort time-to-echo T2* with T1rho relaxometry
Authors: Wu Li-Lan , Huang Shun-Fa , Zhu Liu-Hong , Liu Hao , Zhou Jian-Jun 
Published: January 2025

Background Early detection of changes in lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has great clinical significance. T1rho and UTE-T2* relaxometry are capable of providing information about biochemical changes in IVDD. However, they have not been previously analyzed and compared directly in the same patients. Purpose To assess and compare the potential of T1rho and UTE-T2* in the diagnosis of early IVDD in vivo. Material and Methods The UTE-T2* and T1rho values of 389 lumbar discs (L1/2–L5/S1) in 78 individuals were measured in three segmented disc regions. The lumbar intervertebral disc was graded using the 5-level Pfirrmann grading system and divided into three categories. Statistical analysis was performed on the regional differences of UTE-T2* and T1rho relaxometry and correlation with IVDD. Results Both UTE-T2* and T1rho values were negatively correlated with Pfirrmann grade ( P < 0.001). They showed strong correlations with Pfirrmann grade in NP (r = −0.725 and −0.743, respectively; P < 0.001). Diagnostic accuracy of detecting early IVDD was better with T1rho than UTE-T2* value in AAF and NP, with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.834–0.934 (both P < 0.05). For advanced lumbar IVDD, UTE-T2* value showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than T1rho in all segments with AUCs in the range of 0.743–0.893 ( P < 0.05). Conclusion UTE-T2* relaxometry provided another promising magnetic resonance imaging sequence for quantitatively evaluating lumbar IVDD, especially for detection of the advanced stage of IVDD. In addition, the T1rho value is superior to UTE-T2* in detecting early lumbar IVDD.
Effects of epidural dexmedetomidine on patient-controlled epidural analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: a single-center, prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study
Authors: Han Seong Min , Kwon So Young , Kim Jaesuk , Kang Jae Hyuk , Joo Jin Deok 
Published: January 2025

Objective To evaluate the impact of adding epidural dexmedetomidine to low-concentration patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on pain control and side effects in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods In this double-blind study, American Society of Anesthesiologists I to II patients undergoing TKA were assigned to receive 0.125% bupivacaine + fentanyl 4 µg/mL (group R) or 0.1% bupivacaine + fentanyl 2 µg/mL with an epidural injection of dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg (group D). The primary outcomes were the effectiveness of postoperative pain control as assessed by the numeric pain rating scale (NRS) and the incidence of side effects. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate), motor block assessment, sensory block duration, analgesia duration, and the need for additional analgesia. Results Both groups achieved similar pain control as indicated by NRS scores. However, group D experienced lower rates of urinary retention and pruritus, whereas sedation in the recovery room was greater in group D. Group R had significantly higher systolic pressure in the recovery room. group D exhibited significantly lower heart rates at 5 and 10 minutes. Conclusions Low-concentration PCEA with epidural dexmedetomidine provides similar analgesia after TKA as high-concentration PCEA with fewer side effects.