bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquid Metal Universal Grippers for Ultra-Gentle, Highly-Adaptable, Multiscale, and Fast Manipulations
Authors: Tang Shiyang , Chen Xuanhan , Zhang Mingkui , Cao Lu , Wang Long , Chen Yue , Lin Hao , Sun Mingyuan , Tong Shiyuan , Deng Yuguo , Li Weihua , Sun Lining , Zhang Shiwu , Li Xiangpeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The ability to handle and manipulate objects is a fundamental skill across various organisms, from single-celled entities to humans. This capability has inspired the development of versatile robotic grippers for both industrial applications and everyday tasks1-4. Despite that some robotic grippers can surpass humans in certain aspects5-7, object manipulation still faces numerous challenges due to the diversity of target objects' shapes, materials (from soft to hard), sizes (from microscale to macroscale), and operational environments8-10, especially for dynamic targets like living organisms11,12. In the microbial world, the amoeba can flow like liquid to adaptively change its morphology to effectively capture and excrete various prey. Here, inspired by the unique hunting behavior of amoebas, we present a liquid metal universal gripper (LiMU gripper), which exhibits exceptional grasping and active releasing capabilities for targets of various shapes, sizes, and stiffnesses, both in liquid and air environments. Remarkably, the LiMU gripper achieves the world's lowest gripping contact pressure of ~10 Pa, making it ideal for handling delicate items such as mollusks. The LiMU gripper can capture and release moving objects within milliseconds without the need for precise alignment. Importantly, we unveil an active release mechanism that leverages the active control of liquid metal’s high surface tension, enabling the world's fastest release of micro-objects, with accelerations reaching up to 42 G. This allows the LiMU gripper to handle multiscale objects ranging from 10-12 to 102 grams, spanning 14 orders of magnitude. The LiMU gripper offers significant advantages over existing robotic grippers in terms of adaptability, multiscale operation, low contact pressure, and fast manipulation speeds, presenting a new and practical solution to various unresolved manipulation challenges, particularly for living organisms and microscale objects.
PLCD1 Expression for Early Detection and Prognosis in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kim Jue Young , Shin Ha-Yeon , Kang Eun-Suk , Kim Jae-Hoon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a prevalent and aggressive subtype with rapid progression and poor prognosis, often diagnosed at an advanced stage despite treatment advances. Current diagnostic markers, such as CA-125, have limited early detection capability and poorly integrate with treatment decisions. This study explored PLCD1 as potential biomarkers for HGSOC’s early detection.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to detect PLCD1 expression in tissue microarrays (TMA). The impact of PLCD1 expression on survival outcomes was evaluated via Kaplan-Meier method. PLCD1 expression in HGSOC cells was confirmed through Western blotting. PLCD1 knockdown and overexpression cell lines were established to investigate the functional role of PLCD1 in HGSOC. Colony formation, invasion, and 3D tumor spheroid assay were performed to evaluate cancer cells behavior. An OVCAR3-derived xenograft model was used to determine whether PLCD1 expression influence tumor growth.
Results: IHC staining revealed high cytoplasmic expression of PLCD1 in HGSOC tissues compared to normal or borderline tissues, with low PLCD1 expression correlating with worse overall survival and disease-free survival in 101 patients with HGSOC. In vitro studies demonstrated that PLCD1 knockdown increased OVCA429 cells proliferation, whereas PLCD1 overexpression in OVCAR3 cells reduced colony formation. In the OVCAR3-derived xenograft model, PLCD1 overexpression significantly reduced tumor growth compared with that in the control group.
Conclusion: The TMA revealed an association between PLCD1 expression and patient prognosis. Furthermore, tumor reduction was observed following PLCD1 overexpression in a xenograft model.These findings establish PLCD1 as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HGSOC.
Spring PGD versus Waiting List Control in the Treatment of Prolonged Grief Disorder: Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Lewis Catrin , Smalley Michelle , Phillips David M. , Snell Gabriella Dattero , Thomas Bronwen , Yun Janice Wong Sing , Bisson Jonathan I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) is characterised by longing or persistent preoccupation with someone deceased, accompanied by intense emotional pain, which has persisted for six months or more and significantly impaired functioning. While Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) with a focus on grief is effective, access is limited due to high costs and therapist shortages. Guided digital therapy is a possible solution. Psychological therapy is delivered on an app/website with regular guidance from a health professional. Building on prior success with a guided digital intervention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), this study will evaluate an intervention for PGD based on similar principles in a UK-based randomised controlled trial (RCT).
Methods
We aim to ascertain proof of concept for Spring PGD, a co-produced guided digital therapy for PGD, in comparison to wait list, to establish whether it is acceptable, and to assess the feasibility of a future definitive RCT. The study will be an exploratory, randomised, parallel-group controlled trial. Forty-two participants will be allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either immediate Spring PGD or a waiting list control group. After a period of 11 weeks on the waiting list, participants in the control group will cross over to receive Spring PGD. The primary outcome measure is the Prolonged Grief 13 Revised (PG-13-R). We will include a nested process evaluation to explore fidelity, adherence, and programme theory. Interviews will be conducted with approximately ten purposively sampled participants and five therapists.
Discussion
If Spring PGD shows promise, it could provide a valuable option for the treatment of PGD. The scalability of guided digital therapy could make it more accessible to a wider population than traditional face-to-face therapy, particularly in areas with limited access to specialised mental health services.
Trial registration
In process of registering with ISRCTN
Research of SLC7A11 to estimate the prognosis and immune infiltration landscape for breast cancer
Authors: Xue Xiangjie , Zhi Yicheng , Wang Lu , Shu Ye , Chen Jiaxin , Li Ting , Hu Yanyan , Jin Peihong , Gu Qinhao , Ye Chenyang , Wang Ji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

SLC7A11, a key factor protecting cancer cells from oxidative stress, is upregulated and shows prognostic significance in amounts of malignant tumors largely while its role still remains indistinct in breast cancer. We conduct an explicit analysis of the gene SLC7A11 based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for breast cancer patients. Subsequently the co-expressed genes of SLC7A11 are identified. On account of the previous exploration of SLC7A11 thoroughly, we assess the immune infiltrating cell populations and immune checkpoints in breast cancer to unveil the complexity of tumor microenvironment (TME) by Cibersort and Tumor Infiltrating Estimation Resources (TIMER). We continue to convey a further preliminary investigation into the drug resistance of breast cancer. Comparing to the normal tissue, SLC7A11 is significantly expressed in breast cancer, and its differential expression is evidential in patients without distant metastasis (M0). Elevated expression of SLC7A11 is associated with notable changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) for breast cancer patients, including a decreased presence of CD8 + T cells and activated natural killer (NK) cells. Additionally, there is an increase in immune checkpoint such as CD274, CTLA4, HAVCR2, LAG3, PDCD1LG2 and TIGIT. This modulation in the immune landscape corresponds with improved sensitivity to conventional breast cancer treatments. Our comprehensive analysis confirms that SLC7A11 is a dependable tumor biomarker, offering valuable insights for the development of targeted therapies in breast cancer.
The Role of C-O-H-F-Cl Fluids in the Making of Earth’s Continental Roots
Authors: Gibson Sally , Jackson Charoltte , Crosby James , Day Jason 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The deep cratonic ‘roots’ of Earth's major continents extend over 160 km and have remained stable for more than 2.5 billion years. This longevity is primarily due to the presence of low-density, refractory peridotites (harzburgites) that formed by extensive mantle melting in the Archean. However, mantle harzburgites from some global cratons (e.g., Kaapvaal, Siberia, Slave, Rae and Tanzania) often show unusual enrichments in orthopyroxene and silica, alongside titanium depletion, which cannot be explained by simple melting processes. The proposed origins of the orthopyroxene-rich harzburgites are highly controversial and include high-pressure melting residues, komatiite interactions, or subduction-related silicic melts and fluids. The uncertainty primarily arises because of the inherent difficulties involved in reconstructing the tectonic settings responsible for the stabilisation of early Earth. To investigate further, we analysed volatile (H₂O, F, Cl) contents in Kaapvaal craton peridotites. Our new results show that harzburgites rich in orthopyroxene, including a diamond-bearing sample, also have higher volatile concentrations. This suggests infiltration by super-critical C-O-H fluids -- rich in silica, fluorine and chlorine fluxed from subducted oceanic lithosphere (carbonated pelites and serpentinites) -- was important in driving olivine-to-orthopyroxene transformation and diamond formation under reduced conditions during the Archean. These findings highlight the role of C-O-H-F-Cl bearing fluids in shaping cratonic lithosphere and offer a new framework for understanding craton evolution, mantle metasomatism and diamond genesis in early Earth.
PSMA PET-detected Mesorectal Nodal Metastasis: Treatment Outcomes and Clinical Implications
Authors: Sayyid Rashid , Al-Daqqaq Zizo , Abedi Shideh , Gleave Alexandra , Bernardino Rui , Tiwari Raj , Cockburn Jessica , Metser Ur , Berlin Alejandro , Fleshner Neil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the clinical significance of PSMA-PET/CT-detected mesorectal lymph node metastases in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer patients.
Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer patients (post-radical prostatectomy and/or radiotherapy) with a positive 18F-DCFPyL-PSMA-PET/CT, performed at a tertiary center (December 2018 – February 2021). We evaluated the association between site of most advanced disease (mesorectal-only versus other sites) and development of castration resistance using a multivariable Cox model. We additionally assessed prostate-specific antigen decrease by 50% [PSA50] and hormone-free survival in mesorectal nodal disease patients treated with metastasis-directed therapy
Results
The cohort included 301 patients with PSMA PET-positive disease, of whom 71 had mesorectal nodal disease (44 had mesorectal-only disease). At a median follow-up of 36 months, patients with mesorectal nodal-only disease had equivalent rates of castration resistance development, compared to patients with prostatic fossa-limited disease (HR = 0.99, p = 0.88). Sixteen patients with mesorectal nodal disease underwent metastasis-directed therapy. A PSA50 response was observed in 5/10 patients with mesorectal nodal-only disease and 2/6 for those with additional pelvic nodal disease. All patients without a PSA50 response were started on hormones, with no castrate-resistance development to date. The median hormone-free survival was 28 months.
Conclusions
Biochemically recurrent patients with PSMA PET-detected mesorectal nodal disease have rates of castration-resistance development identical to those with prostatic fossa-limited disease and have promising clinical responses with metastasis-directed therapy. This suggests that such patients may potentially be spared upfront hormones and be considered for either surveillance or metastasis-directed therapy, in select circumstances.
Prognostic Value of FDG-PET/CT Findings in Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck Treated with Carbon Ion Radiotherapy
Authors: Hino Ayako , Mizoguchi Nobutaka , Koge Hiroaki , Yaguchi Ryohei , Yoshida Manatsu , Matsuki Takashi , Furukawa Madoka , Nagase Tomoaki , Mochizuki Harumi , Kakiuchi Akira , Cheng Shihyao , Yamamoto Yayoi , Doiuchi Tsunehiro , Kurihara Hiroaki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with mucosal melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT).
Methods
This single-center retrospective study included patients with MMHN who underwent CIRT and FDG-PET/CT. Correlations of pre-treatment FDG-PET/CT-derived parameters, including the maximum standardized uptake variable (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) with a 50% threshold, total lesion glycolysis (TLG), bone marrow-to-liver ratio (BLR), and spleen-to-liver ratio (SLR), with clinical parameters and prognosis were statistically analyzed.
Results
A total of 32 patients with MMHN were enrolled (median age, 72.5 years). The tumor stages were distributed as follows: T3, 17 patients; T4a, 14 patients; and T4b, one patient. The median total observation period was 22.6 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 21.6 months, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.5 months. Thirteen patients (40.6%) died, 10 (31.3%) experienced local recurrence, and 19 (59.4%) had distant metastases during the observation period. The 1-year survival rate was 78.1% and the 3-year survival rate was 62.5%. FDG-PET/CT show pronounced positive uptake for all tumors (median SUVmax 13.80, range 2.74–32.99). SLR was high in patients with negative programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in the tumor (p = 0.05). PFS was shorter in patients with a high MTV (p = 0.018). In multivariate analysis, MTV was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio (HR), 2.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.065–6.345; p = 0.036). MTV and TLG were not predictive of OS in the univariate analysis.
Conclusion
FDG-PET/CT showed a strong positive uptake for MMHN. FDG-PET/CT-derived imaging parameters may be significant prognostic biomarkers for predicting tumor progression in patients with MMHN.
Quality of life for patients after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery
Authors: Fathy Manar , Mohamed Shrouk F. , Ibrahim Menna , Shehata Belal , Radwan Shahd , Gado Jana , Yassin Hend A. , Hassanein Wael , Mamdouh Nora , Hemead Hanan , Abdelaziz Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Understanding the quality of life of patients following coronary artery bypass grafting is crucial for improving g post-operative management and long-term patient outcomes. Our study aimed to assess the QoL of patients post-CABG and identify the factors that influence their ability to perform daily activities.
Methods
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at our cardiac surgery unit. Patients aged 18 years or older who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and who had completed at least six months of recovery following their surgery were selected through convenience sampling from hospital records. The collected data were reviewed and followed up through phone interviews via the SF-36 questionnaire.
Results
The study evaluated 139 patients (median age: 61 years; 79.1% male), predominantly Egyptian (98.6%) and married (82.7%). The majority were nonsmokers (45.3%) or ex-smokers (40.3%), with common comorbidities including hypertension (68.3%), dyslipidemia (57.6%), and diabetes mellitus (47.5%). Self-assessed health status was rated as excellent or very good by 46% of the patients. Quality of life, assessed via the SF-36, revealed median scores for physical functioning (40), general health (50), social functioning (77.5), and overall QOL (60). QOL was positively correlated with multiple health domains, particularly physical and role limitations (p < 0.001). Gender analysis indicated that males scored higher in physical functioning (p = 0.007), but no significant differences were observed in overall QOL. Marital status, sleep duration, and hypertension were significant factors influencing QOL, with optimal outcomes linked to 6–8 hours of sleep. Smoking status and family cardiac history had no significant impact on QOL.
Conclusion
This study highlights quality of life post-CABG, and reveals that ideal sleep duration (6–8 hours), marital status and ex-smoking are key predictors of improved QoL. Hypertension negatively affected QoL, whereas factors, such as comorbidities, smoking, and dyslipidemia were not significantly correlated. The findings stress the need for interventions targeting sleep, hypertension control, and social support during recovery. Further comparative studies are needed to assess QoL in patients undergoing both CABG and PCI.
Bibliometric and Visual Analysis on Coronary Artery Calcification from 2003 to 2024
Authors: Zhao Lin , Zheng Liying , Gong Xiao , Han Senfu , Liu Leshun , Xue Mei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The study utilized the Web of Science core collection database to retrieve all CAC-related publications from January 1, 2003, to August 31, 2024. Microsoft Excel was used to analyze publication volume, trends, and journal publication volume. VOSviewer software was applied to visualize the collaboration network among authors, while Citespace software was used for analyzing institutions, keywords co-occurrence, keywords clustering, and keywords burst detection. The study collected 3,069 publications on CAC from the Web of Science database between 2003 and 2024. Budoff, Matthew J. was identified as the most prolific author, with 161 articles. Nine of the top ten institutions in terms of publication volume located in the U.S., indicating that the U.S. is leading in this research area. Current research on CAC focuses on quantitative assessment and its association with the progression of cardiovascular diseases, particularly studies related to coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis, which have emerged as research hotspots in recent years. Research on coronary artery calcification has centered on early diagnosis and risk assessment, especially through quantification of calcification scores using CT imaging to predict cardiovascular event risk. Furthermore, there is a focus on the biological mechanisms of calcification and its relationship with atherosclerosis.
High prevalence of EGFR R479K (rs2227983) polymorphism in Indian Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Association with Unfavourable Clinical Outcome
Authors: Ghosh Arjita , Moorthy Anbalagan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, is one of the most altered genes reported across various cancers. Polymorphism exists in the EGFR gene, and R497K (rs2227983) is a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the gene that affects the protein's function. The current study was done to screen for EGFR R497K polymorphism in Indian patients with Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and study the effect of this polymorphism on disease prognosis. In HNSCC patients (n = 50), genomic DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was applied for screening. In the cohort, 84% of patients carried the EGFR R497K variant in either homozygous (6%) or heterozygous (78%) condition and only 16% were wild type. We re-confirmed our PCR-RFLP data with Sanger sequencing. Kaplan-Meier statistical analysis was used to correlate the SNPs in patients to survival factors. Analysis revealed a decreased overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in the patients carrying the R497K polymorphism compared to the wild-type patients. This study concludes that the prevalence of R497K of the EGFR gene is high in Indian HNSCC patients and it is associated with poor prognosis.
Biosynthesis of Cu-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with Aloe vera extract for air purification and disinfection
Authors: Arefipour Niloofar , Koohestani Hassan , Gholami Hedayat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The use of plant extracts for the synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted much attention due to its simplicity, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. This study synthesized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using Aloe vera and Salvia extracts. Its doping with copper was also investigated to reduce the electron/hole pair recombination rate and improve the photocatalytic activity of titania. Biosynthesized titania (TiO2) nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). XRD reported the formation of crystals with sizes of 4–7 nm by the Scherrer method and 5–27 nm by the Williamson-Hall method. FE-SEM and TEM analysis showed the formation of spherical particles. Spectroscopic results showed that adding copper element reduced the band gap energy from 3.10 eV to 2.89 eV. These results increased the removal efficiency of suspended particles, Escherichia coli bacteria, and coronavirus by titania nanoparticles. Therefore, Cu-TiO2 nanoparticles biosynthesized with Aloe vera extract showed increased photocatalytic and antibacterial activity that can be used for air purification.
Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling of Mpox in the African Region (2022–2024): Addressing Zero-Inflation and Spatial Autocorrelation
Authors: Woldegerima Woldegebriel Assefa , Ugwu Chigozie Louisa J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Mpox remains a significant public health challenge in endemic regions of Africa. Understanding spatial risk patterns and key drivers in high-risk countries is crucial for identifying vulnerable populations and guiding targeted interventions. This study employs a Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) model with spatial autocorrelation to estimate adjusted relative risk of Mpox incidence across 24 African countries, stratified by Human Development Index (HDI) levels. The model accounts for overdispersion and excess zeros by incorporating spatial random effects and socio-environmental covariates. Spatial analysis of unadjusted and decomposition models revealed substantial heterogeneity in Mpox incidence, with elevated risk in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Central African Republic (CAR) persisting after covariate adjustment (p < 0.001). Higher HDI levels correlated with reduced Mpox risk, with HDI quintile Q4 (very high HDI) showing a significant risk reduction (aRR: 0.009, 95% CrI: [0.0002, 0.45]). Protective factors in low-risk areas included increased life expectancy at birth (aRR: 0.092, 95% CrI: [0.864, 0.983]), educational attainment (aRR: 0.717, 95% CrI: [0.413, 0.605]), nonlinear increases in gross national income (GNI) per capita, and higher density of skilled health workers (aRR: 0.531, 95% CrI: [0.324, 0.603]). In contrast, urban density increased the risk of Mpox, highlighting the influence of dense population areas on disease transmission. Notably, Mpox risk in DRC and CAR could not be fully explained by assessed risk factors, suggesting spatial clustering of environmental or infectious exposures such as climate conditions, proximity to animal reservoirs, and human-animal interactions. Further research is essential to refine Mpox epidemiology and public health responses.