bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occult suicidality in an emergency department population
Authors: Claassen Cynthia A. , Larkin Gregory L. 
Published: March 2005

SummaryThe prevalence and severity of suicidal ideation was established in a patient sample seeking emergency treatment for non-psychiatric reasons. Using a computerised mental health screening panel, data were collected from waiting-room patients during randomised shifts over a 45-day period. Of 1590 screened patients, 185 (11.6%) acknowledged suicidal ideation and 31 (2%) reported planning to kill themselves. Almost all of those with suicidal ideation (97%) acknowledged symptoms consistent with mood, anxiety and/or substance-related disorders. Structured medical record review revealed that 25 of the 31 patients planning suicide were undetected during their index visit, and that 4 attempted suicide within 45 days of the visit. All survived.
Evolution of gap junction proteins – the pannexin alternative
Authors: Panchin Yuri V. 
Published: March 2005

SUMMARYGap junctions provide one of the most common forms of intercellular communication. They are composed of membrane proteins that form a channel that is permeable to ions and small molecules, connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. Gap junctions serve similar functions in all multicellular animals(Metazoa). Two unrelated protein families are involved in this function;connexins, which are found only in chordates, and pannexins, which are ubiquitous and present in both chordate and invertebrate genomes. The involvement of mammalian pannexins to gap junction formation was recently confirmed. Now it is necessary to consider the role of pannexins as an alternative to connexins in vertebrate intercellular communication.
Prey-capture in Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Teleostei,Pomacanthidae): functional implications of intramandibular joints in marine angelfishes
Authors: Konow Nicolai , Bellwood David R. 
Published: March 2005

SUMMARY
We examined prey-capture morphology and kinematics in the angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus (Cuvier 1931), to evaluate the magnitude and role of functional specialisation. The feeding apparatus of P. semicirculatus possess three biomechanical mechanisms of particular interest: (1) a novel intramandibular joint, permitting dentary rotation and protruded jaw closure; (2) an opercular linkage facilitating mandible depression; and (3) a suspensorial linkage with two novel points of flexion,permitting anterior rotation of the suspensorium and augmenting mandible protrusion. Prey-capture kinematics were quantified using motion analysis of high-speed video, yielding performance profiles illustrating timing of onset,duration and magnitude of movement in these three biomechanical systems, and other variables traditionally quantified in studies of teleostean ram–suction feeding activity. Mandible depression and suspensorial rotation both augmented mandible protrusion, and coincided during jaw protrusion, typically increasing head length by 30%. Jaw closure appeared to result from contraction of the adductor mandibulae segment A2, which rotated the dentary by approximately 30° relative to the articular. This resulted in jaw closure with the mandible fully depressed and the jaws at peak-protrusion. Feeding events were concluded by a high-velocity jaw retraction (20–50 ms), and completed in 450–750 ms. Feeding kinematics and morphology of Pomacanthus differed from other biting teleosts, and more closely resemble some long-jawed ram–suction feeders. The structural and functional modifications in the Pomacanthusfeeding apparatus are matched to an unusual diet of structurally resilient and firmly attached benthic prey.
Tuning of host plants with vibratory songs ofNezara viridulaL(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Čokl Andrej , Zorović Maja , Žunič Alenka , Virant-Doberlet Meta 
Published: March 2005

SUMMARYSongs of the southern green stink bug Nezara viridula L, recorded on a non-resonant loudspeaker membrane, reflect frequency characteristics of body vibrations. The song dominant frequency directly depends on the repetition rate of potentials recorded from synchronously contracting muscles that vibrate the abdomen during singing. Spectra of naturally emitted signals recorded on the pronotum of a singing bug or on a plant contain peaks characteristic of plant resonant spectra. The dominant resonant frequency of sound-induced vibrations in bean and other stink bug host plants ranges between 160 and 215 Hz and subdominant peaks do not exceed 600 Hz. There is no correlation between spectral peak positions and recording points on a plant. The dominant resonance peak corresponds to the best frequency sensitivity of N. viridula middle frequency subgenual receptor cell. Subdominant peaks around and below 100 Hz lie close to the dominant frequency of body vibrations during singing and to the range of best frequency sensitivity of low frequency receptor cells. Tuning of plant resonant frequencies with spectral properties of songs and frequency sensitivity of sensory organs is discussed in the context of stink bug substrate-borne communication.
The ontogenetic changes in the thermal properties of blubber from Atlantic bottlenose dolphinTursiops truncatus
Authors: Dunkin Robin C. , McLellan William A. , Blum James E. , Pabst D. Ann 
Published: March 2005

SUMMARYIn Atlantic bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, both the thickness and lipid content of blubber vary across ontogeny and across individuals of differing reproductive and nutritional status. This study investigates how these changes in blubber morphology and composition influence its thermal properties. Thermal conductivity (W m–1deg.–1, where deg. is °C) and thermal insulation(m2 deg. W–1) of dolphin blubber were measured in individuals across an ontogenetic series (fetus through adult, N=36),pregnant females (N=4) and emaciated animals (N=5). These thermal properties were determined by the simultaneous use of two common experimental approaches, the heat flux disc method and the standard material method. Thickness, lipid and water content were measured for each blubber sample. Thermal conductivity and insulation varied significantly across ontogeny. Blubber from fetuses through sub-adults was less conductive(range=0.11–0.13±0.02 W m–1deg.–1) than that of adults (mean=0.18 W m–1deg.–1). The conductivity of blubber from pregnant females was similar to non-adult categories, while that of emaciated animals was significantly higher (0.24 ± 0.04 W m deg.–1) than all other categories. Blubber from sub-adults and pregnant females had the highest insulation values while fetuses and emaciated animals had the lowest. In nutritionally dependant life history categories, changes in blubber's thermal insulation were characterized by stable blubber quality (i.e. conductivity)and increased blubber quantity (i.e. thickness). In nutritionally independent animals, blubber quantity remained stable while blubber quality varied. A final, unexpected observation was that heat flux measurements at the deep blubber surface were significantly higher than that at the superficial surface, a pattern not observed in control materials. This apparent ability to absorb heat, coupled with blubber's fatty acid composition, suggest that dolphin integument may function as a phase change material.
An analysis of diagnostic delay in unilateral facial paralysis
Authors: Alaani A , Hogg R , Saravanappa N , Irving R M 
Published: April 2005

Bell’s palsy or idiopathic facial palsy is the commonest cause of unilateral lower motor neuron facial palsy. Misdiagnosis of facial nerve palsy as Bell’s palsy is still seen in clinical practice. The clinician should always consider the possibility of a potentially serious underlying pathology before making the diagnosis of Bell’s palsy.We present a series of 13 patients referred to our ENT department with an initial diagnosis of Bell’s palsy. Further clinical examination and investigation revealed the underlying cause. Many had additional symptoms and signs related to the ear.In all patients with unilateral facial palsy a detailed history should be taken and thorough clinical examination carried out. Where no recovery occurs within the expected time period further radiological investigations such as computerized axial tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be performed. Current scanning techniques provide good quality images, which can show occult lesions of the temporal bone, internal acoustic canal and/or cerebellopontine angle. Radiologists with a special interest and experience in otoneurological radiology should ideally report these images, and a close co-operation between ENT surgeon and radiologist is essential in arriving at a proper diagnosis.
Stimulation of Sympathetic Nerve Using Ultraflexible Cuff Electrodes Inhibits Inflammation Caused by Tendon Rupture
Authors: Tu Kejun , Bao Rong , Wang Longchun , Guo Zhejun , Jiang Chunpeng , Su Yuezeng , Liu Shen , Liu Jingquan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInflammation is a serious symptom of tendon rupture, that leads to peritendinous adhesion and damages the recovery of motor function. Although it is commonly treated using medical therapy, side effects occur in the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a novel alternative to neural modulation. However, its inflammatory inhibitory effect around the tendon has rarely been investigated. Here, an ultraflexible cuff electrode with a thickness of only 3.3 µm is constructed to conformally wrap around the sympathetic chain ganglia for both stimulation and recording. The superior pliancy of the electrode causes less damage to the surrounding tissues and enhances the efficiency of stimulation and recording. ES reduces inflammation‐related factors of IL‐6 and IL‐1β by 51.6% and 19.8%, respectively, and increases the sympathetic nerve neurotransmitter of norepinephrine (NE) by almost an order of magnitude in the ruptured tendon. Sympathetic recordings have also demonstrated that more neural activity is evoked after ES. To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first to verify that the ES of the sympathetic nerve can inhibit inflammation around the tendon, bringing new inspiration for the tendon rupture treatment.
Pathology‐Guided Cell Membrane‐Coated Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Efficient Multisynergistic Treatment of Periodontitis
Authors: Pan Shengyuan , Zhong Wenjie , Lan Yuyan , Yu Simin , Yang Lanxin , Yang Fengze , Li Jinda , Gao Xiang , Song Jinlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs) for the treatment of periodontitis remain a significant clinical challenge. The low biocompatibility, singular effect, and lack of disease specificity of conventional nanoparticles limit their biomedical application. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of cell membrane‐coated nanotechnology in anti‐inflammatory strategies due to its improved biocompatibility and superior biointerface properties. Herein, combined with the pathological heterogeneity of periodontitis revealed by bioinformatics analysis, this study develops a novel cell membrane‐coated nanoparticle composed of two elements: minocycline‐loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (PM) and cRGD‐modified cell membrane (RCM). The in vitro results indicate that PM@RCM rescues impaired human periodontal ligament stem cells through antioxidant, anti‐ferroptosis, anti‐inflammatory, and pro‐osteogenic effects, and exhibits favorable antibacterial bioactivity. The in vivo studies further reveal that PM@RCM promotes periodontal tissue regeneration and remodeled periodontal homeostasis in periodontitis mice. Collectively, these findings highlight the unique pathological changes in periodontitis. Moreover, the novel NDDS developed in this study, which leverages the excellent natural properties of cell membrane‐coated nanotechnology and the versatility of nanoparticle cores, provides a promising strategy for the clinical treatment of periodontitis.
Enhanced Strength for Double Network Hydrogel Adhesive Through Cohesion‐Adhesion Balance
Authors: Song Rijian , Wang Xiaoyu , Johnson Melissa , Milne Cameron , Lesniak‐Podsiadlo Anna , Li Yinghao , Lyu Jing , Li Zishan , Zhao Chunyu , Yang Lizhu , Lara‐Sáez Irene , A Sigen , Wang Wenxin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHydrogel adhesives exhibit great potential in various biomedical fields such as tissue sealing and soft robotics. However, the high‐water content and defective network structures of these hydrogel adhesives result in low intrinsic mechanical strength, severely impeding their application. In this study, it is reported that the strong hydrogel adhesive strength can be achieved when a balance is established between adhesive forces and cohesive forces. Based on this principle, a new double network (DN) design is created to combine an adhesive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the first network with a flexible sodium alginate (SA) as the second network. A delicate balance is achieved between cohesion and adhesion by adjusting the ratio between the first rigid adhesive network and the second flexible network. As a result, this balanced DN hydrogel adhesive exhibits a strong tissue adhesion strength, approximately three times higher than that in the non‐balance situation.
Semi‐Solid Thermo‐Electrochemical Cell Based Wearable Power Generator for Body Heat Harvesting
Authors: Xu Tian , Tao Yang , Qian Yongxin , Li Wang , Ma Zheng , Zheng Zusheng , Li Xin , Jiang Qinghui , Luo Yubo , Yang Junyou 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA high‐performance TiO2/GO‐Fe3+/2+‐based N‐type thermo‐electrochemical cell (TEC) is demonstrated and prepared P‐N combined power generator prototypes combining BST/FeCN3‐/4−‐based P‐type TEC that is reported in the previous work. The functional groups on the TiO2/GO in the electrolyte can adjust the solvation structure of Fe3+/2+to improve theSevalue. In addition, TiO2acts as a relay reaction site to improve charge transport efficiency. The synergistic effect results inSeof 2.53 mV K−1and a maximum output power density of 0.38 W m−2. Besides, both flexible and rigid power generator prototypes are prepared. It is worth noting that the flexible prototype can generate an open‐circuit voltage of 1.27 V and power an electronic watch by using the temperature difference between the human body and the environment. This work demonstrates the potential of TEC for low‐grade heat energy recovery and powering wearable devices.
Engineering Ferroelectric‐/Ion‐Modulated Conductance in 2D vdW CuInP2S6 for Non‐Volatile Digital Memory and Artificial Synapse
Authors: Ci Wenjuan , Wang Peng , Xue Wuhong , Yuan Hongtao , Xu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) ferroionics is appealing in performing complex artificial intelligence tasks due to the interesting property of coexistence of ferroelectricity and ionic activities. CuInP2S6 (CIPS), as a typical 2D ferroionic material, is highly conducive to rich functions of information devices due to the displacement of Cu+ inducing both ferroelectricity and ionic conductivity. However, the coupling and modulation of polarization and ion migration in CIPS for multifunctional information devices has not been fully explored. Here, this study demonstrates that digital memory and synaptic simulations are realized in Au/CIPS/Au device via engineering ferroelectric polarization reversal and the long‐distance migration of the Cu+ to change conductive modes. Steep resistive switching behavior based on ion‐migration is observed with a high on/off ratio of over 108, long retention time (>2 × 104 s), and current compliance engineered multilevel resistance states, demonstrating reliable nonvolatile high‐density memory characteristics. Based on the continuous modulation of polar order, the key synaptic behaviors are successfully simulated. Moreover, by the co‐modulation of polarization state and ions migration, the paired‐pulse facilitation, paired‐pulse depression, and potentiation following depression are achieved. These results suggest that CIPS is a promising candidate for constructing high‐performance, function‐enriched devices for data storage, information processing, and neuromorphic computing.
Photoactivation Inducing Multifunctional Coupling of Fluorophore for Efficient Tumor Therapy In Situ
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Lv Yunxia , Huo Fangjun , Yun Yang , Yin Caixia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPhotoactivatable molecules, with high‐precision spatialtemporal control, have largely promoted bioimaging and phototherapy applications of fluorescent dyes. Here, the first photoactivatable sensor (BI) is described that can be triggered by broad excitation light (405–660 nm), which further undergoes intersystem crossing and H‐atom transfer processes to forming superoxide anion radicals (O2−•) and carbon radicals. Particularly, the photoinduced gain of carbon‐centered radicals (BI•) allows for radical‐radical coupling to afford the combined crosslink product (BI─BI), which would be oxidized in the presence of O2−• to produce an extended conjugate system with near infrared emission (820 nm). Besides, the photochemically generated product (Cy─BI) possesses ultra‐high photothermal conversion efficiency up to 90.9%, which optimized phototherapy potential. What′s more, Western Blot assay reveals that both BI and the photoproduct Cy─BI can efficiently inhibit the expression of CHK1, and the irradiation of BI and Cy─BI further induces apoptosis and ultimately enhances the phototherapeutic effects. Thus, the combination of cell cycle block inducing apoptosis, photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy treatments significantly suppress solid tumor in vivo antitumor efficacy explorations. This is a novel finding in developing photoactivatable molecules, as well as the broad applicability of photoimaging and phototherapy in tumor‐related areas.
Label‐Free Time‐Resolved Monitoring of Photolipid Bilayer Isomerization by Plasmonic Sensing
Authors: Zhang Jinhua , Schuknecht Francis , Habermann Ludwig , Pattis Alexander , Heine Jonathan , Pritzl Stefanie D. , Trauner Dirk , Lohmüller Theobald 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe photo‐isomerization of the photolipid azo‐PC, a derivative of phosphatidylcholine containing an azobenzene group in its sn2 acyl chain, enables optical control over key properties of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), such as membrane fluidity and bilayer thickness. However, azobenzenes are well‐known for their interaction with various dyes through photo‐modulation and ‐sensitization pathways, presenting a challenge in bilayer characterization by fluorescence microscopy. Label‐free tools capable of monitoring the switching process of photolipid SLBs at the nanoscale are therefore highly desired. In this study, the use of dark field scattering spectroscopy on gold nanorods as a highly sensitive approach is demonstrated for analyzing the reversible photo‐isomerization dynamics of photolipid SLBs in real time at the single particle level.
Loss of Endothelial Annexin A1 Aggravates Inflammation‐Induched Vascular Aging
Authors: You Qinyi , Ke Yilang , Chen Xiaofeng , Yan Wanhong , Li Dang , Chen Lu , Wang Run , Yu Jie , Hong Huashan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractChronic inflammation is increasingly considered as the most important component of vascular aging, contributing to the progression of age‐related cardiovascular diseases. To delay the process of vascular aging, anti‐inflammation may be an effective measure. The anti‐inflammatory factor annexin A1 (ANXA1) is shown to participate in several age‐related diseases; however, its function during vascular aging remains unclear. Here, an ANXA1 knockout (ANXA1−/−) and an endothelial cell‐specific ANXA1 deletion mouse (ANXA1△EC) model are used to investigate the role of ANXA1 in vascular aging. ANXA1 depletion exacerbates vascular remodeling and dysfunction while upregulates age‐ and inflammation‐related protein expression. Conversely, Ac2‐26 (a mimetic peptide of ANXA1) supplementation reverses this phenomenon. Furthermore, long‐term tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) induction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) increases cell senescence. Finally, the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype and senescence‐related protein expression, rates of senescence‐β‐galactosidase positivity, cell cycle arrest, cell migration, and tube formation ability are observed in both ANXA1‐knockdown HUVECs and overexpressed ANXA1‐TNF‐α induced senescent HUVECs. They also explore the impact of formyl peptide receptor 2 (a receptor of ANXA1) in an ANXA1 overexpression inflammatory model. These data provide compelling evidence that age‐related inflammation in arteries contributes to senescent endothelial cells that promote vascular aging.
Macroscale Inhomogeneity in Electrochemical Lithium‐Metal Plating Triggered by Electrolyte‐Dependent Gas Phase Evolution
Authors: Kim Kyoungoh , Ko Youngmin , Tamwattana Orapa , Kim Youngsu , Kim Jihyeon , Park Jooha , Han Sangwook , Lee Young‐Ro , Kang Kisuk 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPromoting homogeneous electrode reactions is crucial for mitigating premature electrode degradation and achieving enhanced cycle stability. This is particularly important for lithium‐metal electrodes that undergo drastic morphological change during electrochemical cycles, as their failure can result in dendritic lithium growth and safety hazards. Extensive prior studies have focused on managing the nano‐/micro‐scale dendritic lithium formations, and proposed the importance of the electrolyte engineering in tailoring the solid‐electrolyte interphase. Herein, this study demonstrates, for the first time, that the macroscale inhomogeneity during lithium plating, comparable to the size of electrode, is also governed by the electrolyte, but, strikingly, this phenomenon stands independent of the propensity of the electrolyte to promote growth of nano‐/micro‐scale lithium dendrites. In situ probe reveals that this electrode‐level inhomogeneity, which occurs irrespective of lithium dendrite formation, is triggered by gas‐generating reactions influenced by the electrolyte composition, and the subsequent gas‐phase (i.e., bubble) evolution causes localized lithium growth. The restricted lithium‐ion mass transport through these bubbles increases the overpotential, which exacerbates the macroscale inhomogeneity, as supported by experimental results and continuum model simulations. The observation of electrolyte‐dependent macroscale lithium inhomogeneity highlights the importance of adopting a multi‐scale perspective when considering control strategies for achieving homogeneity during lithium deposition/stripping processes.
Acute occupational inhalation injuries—United States, 2011–2022
Authors: Myers Nirmala T. , Dodd Katelynn E. , Hale Janet M. , Blackley David J. , Scott Laney A. , Hall Noemi B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundInhalation injuries due to acute occupational exposures to chemicals are preventable. National surveillance of acute inhalation exposures is limited. This study identified the most common acute inhalation exposure‐related incidents by industry sector among US workers.MethodsTo characterize inhalation‐related injuries and their exposures during April 2011–March 2022, state and federal records from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Information System (OIS) accident database were analyzed. Industry‐specific injury, hospitalization, and fatality rates were calculated.ResultsThe most frequent acute inhalation incidents investigated by OSHA were caused by inorganic gases (52.9%) such as carbon monoxide (CO) or acids, bases, and oxidizing chemical agents (12.9%) such as anhydrous ammonia. The largest number of fatal and nonfatal injuries were reported in the manufacturing (28.6%) and construction (17.2%) sectors.ConclusionsWorkers were affected by acute inhalation exposures in most industries. Using this surveillance, employers can recognize frequently‐occurring preventable acute inhalation exposures by industry, such as inorganic gases in the manufacturing sector, and implement prevention measures. Training of workers on exposure characteristics and limits, adverse health effects, and use of protective equipment by exposure agent can prevent inhalation injuries.