bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiobesity Potential of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria Ternatea): A Literature Review
Authors: Aini Djunet Nur , Rizkawati Muflihah 
Published: September 2023

Obesity is a health problem with an increasing prevalence every year in many countries including Indonesia. Obese patients are at risk for complications related to some non-communicable diseases. The difficulty of losing weight in obese patients is due to low awareness of a good lifestyle, appropriate dietary patterns, and discipline in taking drugs to prevent complications. However, the need for drug consumption takes a long time. The risk of side effects arising from long-term drug use needs to be considered. Using herbal plants as an additional dietary intervention could be a better choice. This review described the benefits of the butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) flower as antiobesity. This study is a literature review by searching preceding published articles in Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google Scholar journals. The keywords used are (Clitoria ternatea) OR (Bunga Telang) OR (Butterfly pea) AND (Obesity) OR (Antiobesity). Articles are limited by publication period from 2012 to 2022 and then selected based on the criteria. This literature review concluded that the administration of Clitoria ternatea extracts (CTE) can become an alternative antiobesity by inhibiting weight gain, increasing adipose lipolysis, and decreasing the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic proteins.
Analisis Risiko Keamanan Informasi Menggunakan ISO 27005:2019 pada Aplikasi Sistem Pelayanan Desa
Authors: Isnaini Khairunnisak , Nofita Sari Guti Julias , Kuncoro Adam Prayogo 
Published: September 2023

Risiko keamanan informasi dapat terjadi sewaktu-waktu di sebuah instansi, hal tersebut juga dapat terjadi di kantor pemerintahan Desa Cingebul. Peluang risiko yang dapat timbul antara lain hilangnya data/kebocoran data dan adanya pihak yang tidak memiliki akses dapat mengakses sistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan menilai risiko keamanan informasi di kantor Desa Cingebul menggunakan ISO 27005:2019 pada aplikasi Sistem Pelayanan Desa. Metode pengumpulan data yang yang dilakukan adalah wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Kontrol ISO 27005:2019 digunakan sebagai acuan dalam penilaian risiko tersebut. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa risiko yang didapatkan dari aplikasi Simpel Desa yang paling tinggi yaitu ketika ancaman risiko yang terjadi server down. Risiko tersebut dapat diminimalisir dengan menerapkan kontrol rekomendasi information backup (A. 12.3.1) dengan melakukan backup data secara berkala dengan lokal backup maupun dengan cloud backup. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kontrol ISO 27005 dapat digunakan sebagai standar atau acuan dalam menilai risiko keamanan informasi terutama pada bagian hasil penilaian risiko. Saran yang perlu dipertimbangkan untuk meningkatkan keamanan aplikasi simpel desa pada kantor Desa Cingebul yaitu dengan menerapkan rekomendasi keamanan untuk mengurangi kemungkinan risiko yang terjadi.
Analisa Pemilihan Aplikasi Ojek Online yang Memenuhi Kebutuhan Masyarakat Menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Proces (AHP)
Authors: Kusapy Diyoga Silvani , Yulia Eka Rini 
Published: September 2023

Saat ini, pemesanan ojek online dengan menggunakan aplikasi sudah menjadi cara paling umum dan tidak heran jika munculnya aplikasi yang serupa sehingga terjadinya persaingan bisnis. Dengan adanya persaingan tersebut, tiap aplikasi tentunya menyediakan pelayanan yang terbaik agar dapat disukai oleh masyarakat. Tetapi dengan pelayanan yang disediakan oleh tiap aplikasi tersebut, belum tentu sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat sehingga membuat masyarakat bingung untuk memilih salah satu aplikasi terbaik yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Maka dari itu, diperlukan sebuah metode yang dapat digunakan untuk pengambilan keputusan yaitu menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Metode tersebut digunakan dalam menguji penentuan aplikasi pemesanan ojek online yang memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan antara lain waktu pemesanan, metode pembayaran, potongan harga, sampai kenyamanan pada layanan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Gojek merupakan aplikasi posisi pertama yang paling diminati dalam pemilihan pemesanan ojek online yang memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dengan perolehan nilai 0,5308 atau 53%. Kemudian, Grab untuk posisi kedua dengan perolehan nilai 0,3064 atau 31%. Dan Maxim untuk posisi ketiga dengan perolehan nilai 0,1637 atau 16%. Guna membantu perhitungan penelitian ini, dibuatnya program untuk Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) Pemilihan Aplikasi Ojek Online yang menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).
ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DO DIAGRAMA PROPOSTO PELO MODELO DOS SISTEMAS DE BETTY NEUMAN.
Authors: Silva Barbosa Jefferson , Ribeiro de Vasconcelos Eliane Maria 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Analisar criticamente o diagrama proposto pelo Modelo de Sistemas de Betty Neuman à luz do método descrito por Meleis para análise de teorias. Método: Trata-se de um estudo analítico, do diagrama do Modelo de Sistema de Betty Neuman baseado na avaliação de teorias, proposto por Meleis. Resultados: A representação do texto é visível no diagrama, mas com algumas inconsistências que podem influenciar no entendimento de alguns conceitos e metaparadigmas da teoria. Entende-se que alguns elementos da mesma não estão visíveis no diagrama o que pode dificultar a representação gráfica da teoria. Considerações finais: Embora o diagrama contenha diversos conceitos sugeridos pela teoria, é notável a presença de lacunas e situações abordadas de forma mais subjetiva, possivelmente devido ao alto grau de abstração inerente a um modelo teórico. A análise do diagrama de Betty Neuman trouxe como contribuição a ampliação do entendimento a respeito dos seus elementos teóricos, além da aproximação destes para a prática da enfermagem.
Data Collected and Analysis of COVID-19 Infection Status: Case Study of Iraqi Hospital Patients in Diwaniyah and Najaf Governorates
Authors: Abdulaaima Haitham , Hasan Taresh Ali 
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the coronavirus (COVID-19) spread in a dangerous and rapidly. It first appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan in early December 2019, causing many cases of infection and death because of the rapid spread of the virus throughout the world. The conversion of patient information from paper to electronic helps the medical staff and researchers analyze and retrieve information faster. In this paper, we gathered data about patients infected with COVID-19 who were registered in the Iraqi hospitals of two governorates (Diwaniyah and Najaf) from 2020 to 2023. In addition, we used machine learning algorithms that protect the infection of the data entered for the patient. The highest accuracy (average in both datasets od Diwaniyah and Najaf) ) are achieved by both the algorithms Nave Bayes (90%) and Decision tree (90%) , while the K nearest neighbor (89%), Random forest() and artificial neural network (84).
Evaluation of the Possible anti oxidant Effect of Omega-369 against cisplatin - Induced Nephrotoxicity in mice
Authors: Kareem Saja , Ali Faris Hassan  
Published: September 2023

Background: Nephrotoxicity is the adverse effect of substances on renal function .one of These substances is cisplatin. cisplatin (CP) treatment has long been linked to Nephrotoxicity due to oxidative stress mechanisms. Triple omega 3-6-9 is a combination of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs)With omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) being polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and omega-9 (n-9) being a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA).
Aim : the reason for this study was to discover if omega-369 fatty acids could protect the kidney from the effects of cisplatin.
Methods: Thirty-five albino male mice were allocated to one of five groups. group 1 received liquid paraffin, group 2 received cisplatin (10 mg/kg) by single intraperitoneal injection, group 3 received omega-369 (50 mg/kg) orally, group 4 received omega-369 (100 mg/kg) orally mice of group 5 received vit E(100 mg/kg) orally The mice were treated with Omega 369, vit e, and liquid paraffin once daily by oral gavage for 7 days
Results: Group 2 had significantly lower levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase than group1, significantly greater levels of malondialdehyde, serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (p<0.05) , glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase level significant increase in group3,4 and 5. whereas malondialdehyde, serum urea nitrogen an creatinine levels were significantly decrease in groups 3, 4, and 5 when compared with group 2 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Omega-369 fatty acids exhibit anti oxidative effects so reduce the risk of cisplatin-induced kidney injury.
Correlation between interleukin-6 and endotoxin an in vitro study
Authors: Mohsen Sawsan 
Published: September 2023

Endotoxin, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, has been extensively studied as a stimulator of the innate immune response. However, the temporal aspects and exposure-response relationship of endotoxin and resulting cytokine induction. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the interleukin-6 (IL-6) response to bacterial endotoxin stimulation. IL-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune response and inflammation. In this study, we utilized an in vitro model to examine the factors influencing IL-6 production in response to bacterial endotoxin this experimental study was performed to find out the effect of healthy person on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) namely T-cells and natural killer cells(NK cells) function through challenging their ability for cytokines production in a comparative study by using of standardized inoculum of Bacterial endotoxins.
Evaluated the Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Activity of Creatinine and Urea Levels in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Alqurashy Nasser 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging field that has got a phenomenal interest in the last few decades. Medical application is considered one of the most important ambitions in this field. The objective was to evaluate the biological effects of (TiO2-NPs) on urea and creatinine activity among kidney patients. The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were created using the photocell technique, and for characterization used XRD and TEM. The research population consisted of 60 individuals, both male and female, with renal disease and older than 40 years old who were on dialysis without taking any drugs. Two groups were created out of them (30 control group and 30 dialysis patients group). The two groups' serum was collected using a straightforward sampling approach. Creatinine and urea levels were measured for the control group, and for the dialysis group before the addition of TiO2-NPs; and also after the addition of TiO2-NPs. Furthermore, creatinine and urea concentrations were determined using a spectrophotometric method. The XRD investigations showed that titanium dioxide nanoparticles are crystalline and the size ranged from 11-29 nm, according to photographs taken using TEM. The present investigation showed that (TiO2-NPs) significantly lowered the levels of creatinine and urea in individuals with renal disease. Our findings demonstrated, for the first time, that TiO2 nanoparticles considerably declined the levels of creatinine and urea among dialysis patients. Future research should be done to confirm this affects TiO2-NPs.
Applying Adomian Decomposition Method for solving the Covid-19 epidemic with Vaccine
Authors: Faisal Somaya Saad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract— A pandemic Covid-19 is an epidemic that spreads over a big region, Crosse international borders, and often affects a lot of people. Only a few pandemics result in severe illness in a subset of people or in an entire community. The virus has mainly affects the elderly population. The virus, that causes Covid-19, has mainly been transmitted through droplet generate once an infected persons exhales, sneezes and coughs. These symptoms are too heavy; to hang in air, and quickly, fall on surface or floor. The COVID-19 pandemic model including the Vaccination Campaign is of natural phenomenon which can be represented as a system of differential equations for the first order; the mathematical models include a system of several second order nonlinear equations. We applied the Adomian decomposition methods to the mathematical models of Covid-19. The main advantage of this method is that it can be directly applied to all kinds of linear and nonlinear differential equations, homogeneous or nonhomogeneous, with constant or variable coefficients. The derivatives of all compartments of the coronavirus model are continuous at t ≥ 0. The solutions of the model are non-negativity. It indicates that the, infection, will be gradually the epidemic and disappear will, stop. If, R_0>1, the average of each affected individually. More than one person has infected, and the incidence of infection is in wrinkles. That means the epidemic, will not be end, while maintain the existence of the disease, the R_0=1 means that each infected patient results in an average infections.
Obesity in western Iraqi patients: the involvement of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde
Authors: Alaa  , Maryam I. Salman  
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, the relationship between obesity and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, and catalase, as well as oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) was investigated. The results showed no significant change in SOD serum levels in obese groups compared to healthy groups. However, glutathione and catalase levels were found to be significantly lower in obese individuals. Studies have suggested that reduced glutathione and catalase activity may be associated with insulin resistance and other metabolic abnormalities commonly seen in obesity. In contrast, the current research found no significant correlation between MDA levels and obesity, although some studies have reported a positive correlation between them. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to investigate potential interventions targeting oxidative stress in the prevention and management of obesity.
Keywords: Glutathione peroxidase, catalase, SOD, MDA, Obesity, antioxidants, oxidants.
Synthesis, characterization, Biological Activity, and corrosion inhibition study of two dyes from 4-aminophenol
Authors: Hamid Sura , Aseel F. Abdullah  , Mohammed M. Mohammed  , Fatma A. Khazaal  
Published: September 2023

In the study, the reaction used to create the azo dyes (B and N)of 4-aminophenol with β-naphthol and 3-nitrophenol. These compounds were characterized by technology analysis as FT-IR and 1H-NMR and physical properties were assessed. The synthesis compounds of biological activity were studied against two types of bacterial positive-grams (Staphylococcus aureus) and negative-grams (E.coli) and given good results. The azo compounds were studied as corrosion inhibitors in the dissolution of carbon steel 45 in (0. 1M) HCl solution. the inhibitors of dyes were inspected using the polarization of technique. The compounds (B and N) show inhibition high efficiency.
MARKETING STRATEGY OF SUMBAWA FOREST HONEY IN SUMBAWA REGENCY
Authors: Wijayanti Nila , Syahdi Mastar  , Siti Nurwahidah  
Published: September 2023

Marketing strategy is needed in developing original products. Sumbawa forest honey is an original product from West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The problems marketing are fluctuating price and the availability of other honey product as competitors. The purpose of this research was to identify the top priorities strategy marketing of this honey. The data analysis using A’WOT. It’s combination of SWOT and AHP analysis. SWOT analysis was employed to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in marketing of Sumbawa forest honey. AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process) analysis was performed to determine priority on alternative of marketing strategy of Sumbawa forest honey. The finding of this research showed that SO strategy was the top priority strategies in marketing of Sumbawa forest honey with value 0.580. The top three priorities on alternative of strategies are packaging the Sumbawa forest honey hygienically and attractively (0.343), maintains the quality and purity of Sumbawa forest honey (0.275), and partnering with financial institutions (0,125).
ROOT MAP OF RISK, PERCEPTION AND ACTION AT RETAIL TRADERS OF HONEY WATERMELON
Authors: Andreas Angga , Badrudin Redy , Nusril  , Behera Sonali 
Published: September 2023

The front side of the coin represents business potential, while the reverse side depicts the associated business hazards, indicating that risk is an important component of enterprise. The root cause of the risk, which can be used to decide what action to take, can be difficult to identify, when the hazard is not clearly characterized, as this may result in action simply covering the risk. Similar concerns exist in the honey watermelon business. This study involved 28 fruit traders (retailers) who were selected based on the census method. This research has three objectives. First, find out the root cause (risk) of the honey water melon trade to fruit traders in Bengkulu City by using the Ishikawa diagram analysis tool (risk causal map analysis). The research results obtained are prejudiced. Second, to find out the perceptions of fruit traders on the risks of the honey watermelon trade in Bengkulu City using the Likert-scale-analysis tool, the results are 75% categorized as neutral. Third, to find out the actions of the trader group on the risk of buying and selling honey melon. iIt is mostly carried out in Bengkulu City using a qualitative descriptive analysis tool, and the research results obtained by the traders choose to do research (examine) and carry out risk identification.
Infragalenic triangle as a gateway to dorsal midbrain and posteromedial thalamic lesions: descriptive and quantitative analysis of microsurgical anatomy
Authors: Hanalioglu Sahin , Gurses Muhammet Enes , Mignucci-Jiménez Giancarlo , González-Romo Nicolas I. , Winkler Ethan A. , Preul Mark C. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE
Anatomical triangles provide neurosurgeons with the specificity required to access deep targets, supplementing more general instructions, such as craniotomy and approach. The infragalenic triangle (IGT), bordered by the basal vein of Rosenthal (BVR), precentral cerebellar vein (PCV), and the quadrangular lobule of the cerebellum, is one of a system of anatomical triangles recently introduced to guide dissection to brainstem cavernous malformations and has not been described in detail. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the anatomical parameters of the IGT and present key nuances for its microsurgical use.

METHODS
A midline supracerebellar infratentorial (SCIT) approach through a torcular craniotomy was performed on 5 cadaveric heads, and the IGT was identified in each specimen bilaterally. Anatomical measurements were obtained with point coordinates collected using neuronavigation. Three cadaveric brains were used to illustrate relevant brainstem anatomy, and 3D virtual modeling was used to simulate various perspectives of the IGT through different approach angles. In addition, 2 illustrative surgical cases are presented.

RESULTS
The longest edge of the IGT was the lateral edge formed by the BVR (mean ± SD length 19.1 ± 2.3 mm), and the shortest edge was the medial edge formed by the PCV (13.9 ± 3.6 mm). The mean surface area of the IGT was 110 ± 34.2 mm2 in the standard exposure. Full expansion of all 3 edges (arachnoid dissection, mobilization, and retraction) resulted in a mean area of 226.0 ± 48.8 mm2 and a 2.5-times increase in surface area exposure of deep structures (e.g., brainstem and thalamus). Thus, almost the entire tectal plate and its relevant safe entry zones can be exposed through an expanded unilateral IGT except for the contralateral inferior colliculus, access to which is usually hindered by PCV tributaries. Exposure of bilateral IGTs may be required to resect larger midline lesions to increase surgical maneuverability or to access the contralateral pulvinar.

CONCLUSIONS
The IGT provides a safe access route to the dorsal midbrain and reliable intraoperative guidance in the deep and complex anatomy of the posterior tentorial incisura. Its potential for expansion makes it a versatile anatomical corridor not only for intrinsic brainstem lesions but also for tumors and vascular malformations of the pineal region, dorsal midbrain, and posteromedial thalamus.
Evaluation of spatial precision and accuracy of cone-beam CT using an in vitro phantom model
Authors: Favi Bocca Leonardo , Tiefenbach Jakov , Sonneborn Claire , Hogue Olivia , Dorn Kristina , Painter Tracy , Centeno Ricardo S. , Baker Kenneth B. , Machado Andre G. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE
High accuracy and precision are essential in stereotactic neurosurgery, as targeting errors can significantly affect clinical outcomes. Image registration is a vital step in stereotaxis, and understanding the error associated with different image registration methods is important to inform the choice of equipment and techniques in stereotactic neurosurgery. The authors aimed to quantify the test-retest reliability and stereotactic accuracy of cone-beam CT (CBCT) compared with the current clinical gold-standard technique (i.e., CT).

METHODS
Two anthropomorphic phantom models with 40 independent unique steel spheres were developed to compare CBCT frame and stereotactic space registration with the clinical gold standard (CT). The cartesian coordinates of each sphere were compared between the imaging modalities for test-retest reliability and overall accuracy.

RESULTS
Both imaging modalities showed similar levels of fiducial deviation from the expected geometry. The equivalence test demonstrated mean differences between CT and CBCT registration of −0.082 mm (90% CI −0.27 to 0.11), −0.045 mm (90% CI −0.43 to 0.34), and −0.041 mm (90% CI −0.064 to 0.018) for coordinates in the x-, y-, and z-axes, respectively. The mean euclidean distance difference between the two modalities was 0.28 mm (90% CI 0.27–0.29).

CONCLUSIONS
Accuracy and precision were comparable between CBCT and CT image registrations. These findings suggest that CBCT registration can be used as a clinically equivalent substitute to gold-standard CT acquisition.