bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative polyadenylation regulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase function in peanut
Authors: Peng Zhenying , Yu Shuang , Meng Jingjing , Jia Kai-Hua , Zhang Jialei , Li Xinguo , Gao Wenwei , Wan Shubo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Polyadenylation is a crucial process that terminates mRNA molecules at their 3′-ends. It has been observed that alternative polyadenylation (APA) can generate multiple transcripts from a single gene locus, each with different polyadenylation sites (PASs). This leads to the formation of several 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) that vary in length and composition. APA has a significant impact on approximately 60–70% of eukaryotic genes and has far-reaching implications for cell proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenesis.

Results
In this study, we conducted long-read, single-molecule sequencing of mRNA from peanut seeds. Our findings revealed that over half of all peanut genes possess over two PASs, with older developing seeds containing more PASs. This suggesting that the PAS exhibits high tissue specificity and plays a crucial role in peanut seed maturation. For the peanut acetyl-CoA carboxylase A1 (AhACCA1) gene, we discovered four 3′ UTRs referred to UTR1–4. RT-PCR analysis showed that UTR1-containing transcripts are predominantly expressed in roots, leaves, and early developing seeds. Transcripts containing UTR2/3 accumulated mainly in roots, flowers, and seeds, while those carrying UTR4 were constitutively expressed. In Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we transiently expressed all four UTRs, revealing that each UTR impacted protein abundance but not subcellular location. For functional validation, we introduced each UTR into yeast cells and found UTR2 enhanced AhACCA1 expression compared to a yeast transcription terminator, whereas UTR3 did not. Furthermore, we determined ACC gene structures in seven plant species and identified 51 PASs for 15 ACC genes across four plant species, confirming that APA of the ACC gene family is universal phenomenon in plants.

Conclusion
Our data demonstrate that APA is widespread in peanut seeds and plays vital roles in peanut seed maturation. We have identified four 3′ UTRs for AhACCA1 gene, each showing distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. Through subcellular location experiment and yeast transformation test, we have determined that UTR2 has a stronger impact on gene expression regulation compared to the other three UTRs.
ANDA: an open-source tool for automated image analysis of in vitro neuronal cells
Authors: Wæhler Hallvard Austin , Labba Nils-Anders , Paulsen Ragnhild Elisabeth , Sandve Geir Kjetil , Eskeland Ragnhild 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Imaging of in vitro neuronal differentiation and measurements of cell morphologies have led to novel insights into neuronal development. Live-cell imaging techniques and large datasets of images have increased the demand for automated pipelines for quantitative analysis of neuronal morphological metrics.

Results
ANDA is an analysis workflow that quantifies various aspects of neuronal morphology from high-throughput live-cell imaging screens of in vitro neuronal cell types. This tool automates the analysis of neuronal cell numbers, neurite lengths and neurite attachment points. We used chicken, rat, mouse, and human in vitro models for neuronal differentiation and have demonstrated the accuracy, versatility, and efficiency of the tool.

Conclusions
ANDA is an open-source tool that is easy to use and capable of automated processing from time-course measurements of neuronal cells. The strength of this pipeline is the capability to analyse high-throughput imaging screens.
A high diversity of non-target site resistance mechanisms to acetolactate-synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides has evolved within and among field populations of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
Authors: Loubet Ingvild , Meyer Lucie , Michel Séverine , Pernin Fanny , Carrère Sébastien , Barrès Benoit , Le Corre Valérie , Délye Christophe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNon-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is a polygenic trait that threatens the chemical control of agricultural weeds. NTSR involves differential regulation of plant secondary metabolism pathways, but its precise genetic determinisms remain fairly unclear. Full-transcriptome sequencing had previously been implemented to identify NTSR genes. However, this approach had generally been applied to a single weed population, limiting our insight into the diversity of NTSR mechanisms. Here, we sought to explore the diversity of NTSR mechanisms in common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifoliaL.) by investigating six field populations from different French regions where NTSR to acetolactate-synthase-inhibiting herbicides had evolved.ResultsA de novo transcriptome assembly (51,242 contigs, 80.2% completeness) was generated as a reference to seek genes differentially expressed between sensitive and resistant plants from the six populations. Overall, 4,609 constitutively differentially expressed genes were identified, of which none were common to all populations, and only 197 were shared by several populations. Similarly, population-specific transcriptomic response was observed when investigating early herbicide response. Gene ontology enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of stress response and regulatory pathways, before and after treatment. The expression of 121 candidate constitutive NTSR genes including CYP71, CYP72, CYP94, oxidoreductase, ABC transporters, gluco and glycosyltransferases was measured in 220 phenotyped plants. Differential expression was validated in at least one ragweed population for 28 candidate genes. We investigated whether expression patterns at some combinations of candidate genes could predict phenotype. Within populations, prediction accuracy decreased when applied to an additional, independent plant sampling. Overall, a wide variety of genes linked to NTSR was identified within and among ragweed populations, of which only a subset was captured in our experiments.ConclusionOur results highlight the complexity and the diversity of NTSR mechanisms that can evolve in a weed species in response to herbicide selective pressure. They strongly point to a non-redundant, population-specific evolution of NTSR to ALS inhibitors in ragweed. It also alerts on the potential of common ragweed for rapid adaptation to drastic environmental or human-driven selective pressures.
Double-wire technique to facilitate vein of Marshall cannulation and ethanol infusion in atrial fibrillation: a case series
Authors: Zhang Hong-Da , Ding Lei , Zhang Kuo , Yu Feng-Yuan , Mi Li-Jie , Weng Si-Xian , Jiang Zi-Han , Tang Min 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The vein of Marshall (VOM) ethanol infusion is increasingly performed in combination with catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF). The cannulation of the VOM can sometimes be challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the double-wire technique in cases of difficult cannulation of the VOM.

Case presentation
Patients with AF scheduled for combined catheter ablation and VOM ethanol infusion were consecutively enrolled. The procedure was performed via the femoral vein. If the regular cannulation technique with one angioplasty wire failed or took more than 20 min, the double-wire technique using a stabilizing wire and a cannulation wire was performed. The unique technique was used mainly in two scenarios, when the Eustachian ridge was too prominent as a barrier for catheter manipulation or when the VOM ostium was close to the coronary sinus ostium. Of 162 patients scheduled for VOM ethanol infusion, the double-wire technique was applied in 6 (3.7%) patients and led to a 100% successful cannulation rate of the VOM. Of the six patients, two had a prominent Eustachian ridge, and four had a VOM ostium close to the coronary sinus ostium. The mean cannulation time was 33.3 ± 7.3 min. The ethanol infusion was successfully performed in 5 patients. One patient had a collateral circulation in the distal VOM, and ethanol infusion was not performed.

Conclusions
The double-wire technique can facilitate VOM cannulation and ethanol infusion in challenging cases.

Word count
: 231.
Analysis of the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions on influenza during the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic by time-series forecasting
Authors: Kim Hyun Kyung , Min Kyung-Duk , Cho Sung-il 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in South Korea during the 2019–2020 seasonal influenza epidemic. The social distancing measures, as effective non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), adopted to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 might have influenced influenza activity. We evaluated IFV(influenza virus) activity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of NPI intensity on influenza transmission.

Methods
IFV activity and epidemic duration during COVID-19 pandemic were predicted under a counterfactual scenario with no NPIs against COVID-19. The Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model was used to quantify the effects of NPIs on the transmission of influenza virus. Influenza-like illness/1000 outpatients and IFV positivity rate from the 2011–2012 to 2021–2022 seasons were used in this study.

Results
Comparison of the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 seasonal influenza activities with those in 2013–2019 showed that COVID-19 outbreaks and associated NPIs such as face mask use, school closures, and travel restrictions reduced the influenza incidence by 91%. Without NPIs against COVID-19, the rates of influenza-like illness and IFV positivity would have been high during the influenza epidemic season, as in previous seasons. NPI intensity decreased the transmission of influenza; the magnitude of the reduction increased as the intensity of social-distancing measures increased (weak social distancing; step-by-step daily recovery: 58.10%, strong social distancing; special quarantine measures: 95.12%).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that NPIs and personal hygiene can be used to suppress influenza transmission. NPIs against COVID-19 may be useful strategies for the prevention and control of influenza epidemics.
Genetic Risk Assessment of Degenerative Eye Disease (GRADE): study protocol of a prospective assessment of polygenic risk scores to predict diagnosis of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Hollitt Georgina L , Qassim Ayub , Thomson Daniel , Schmidt Joshua M , Nguyen Thi Thi , Landers John , MacGregor Stuart , Siggs Owen M , Souzeau Emmanuelle , Craig Jamie E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) account for a substantial portion of global blindness. Both conditions are highly heritable, with recognised monogenic and polygenic inheritance patterns. Current screening guidelines lack decisive recommendations. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) allow for cost-effective broad population risk stratification for these conditions. The predictive potential of PRS could facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment, and prevent unnecessary vision loss.

Methods
The Genetic Risk Assessment of Degenerative Eye disease (GRADE) study is a prospective study designed to generate high-quality evidence about the feasibility of PRS to stratify individuals from the general population, enabling identification of those at highest risk of developing glaucoma or AMD. The targeted recruitment is 1000 individuals aged over 50 years, from which blood or saliva samples will be used for genotyping and an individual PRS for glaucoma and AMD will be derived. Individuals with PRS values in the bottom decile (n = 100), top decile (n = 100) and middle 80% (n = 100) for both glaucoma and AMD will undergo a detailed eye examination for glaucoma and/or AMD.

Discussion
The primary objective will be to compare the prevalence of glaucoma and AMD cases between low, intermediate, and high PRS risk groups. We expect to find a higher prevalence of both diseases in the high PRS risk group, as compared to the middle and low risk groups. This prospective study will assess the clinical validity of a PRS for glaucoma and AMD in the general Australian population. Positive findings will support the implementation of PRS into clinical practice.
Long-term outcomes of selective mutism: a systematic literature review
Authors: Koskela Miina , Ståhlberg Tiia , Yunus Wan Mohd Azam Wan Mohd , Sourander Andre 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Selective mutism (SM) is a childhood onset anxiety disorder, and the main symptom is not speaking in certain social situations. Knowledge about the duration and long-term outcomes of SM have been lacking and the aim of this systematic literature review was to address this gap in the literature. We investigated how long SM symptoms persisted as well as other psychiatric outcomes associated with SM in later life.

Methods
The PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were initially searched from inception to 11 September 2023. Studies were included if they were published in English and had followed up subjects with clinically diagnosed SM for at least two years. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and the protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework. The papers were assessed using the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies tool.

Results
This review screened 2,432 papers and assessed 18 studies. Seven case series studies were excluded from discussion because of the low number of subjects and the fact that their findings could not be generalized to wider populations. In the end, nine clinical cohorts and two case control studies were reviewed. These provided a total of 292 subjects and the sample sizes ranged from 11–49. The overall quality of the studies was moderate. The review found that 190 of the 243 subjects in the studies that reported recovery rates showed moderate or total improvement from SM during follow up. Other anxiety disorders were the most common psychiatric disorders later in life, although these results should be interpreted with caution. Older age at baseline and parental psychopathology might predict greater impairment, but further studies are needed to confirm these results.

Conclusions
Most subjects with SM recovered from this disorder during adolescence, but anxiety disorders were common in later life. Early detection and treatment are needed to prevent symptoms from persisting and other psychiatric disorders from developing.
Assessment of interrelationships between cognitive performance, symptomatic manifestation and social functioning in the acute and clinical stability phase of schizophrenia: insights from a network analysis
Authors: Misiak Błażej , Piotrowski Patryk , Samochowiec Jerzy 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
It has been shown that various aspects of clinical manifestation of schizophrenia are strongly related to social functioning. However, it remains unknown as to whether similar factors predict social functioning at various stages of psychosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effects of interconnections between various domains of psychopathology and neurocognition on social functioning in people during acute phase of psychosis and those during remission of positive and disorganization symptoms using a network analysis.

Methods
Two independent samples of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were enrolled (89 inpatients during acute phase and 90 outpatients during remission of positive and disorganization symptoms). Clinical assessment covered the levels of functioning, positive, negative and depressive symptoms. Cognition was recorded using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Data were analyzed by means of the network analysis. Two separate networks of clinical symptoms, social functioning, and cognition (i.e., in patients during acute phase of psychosis and remitted outpatients with schizophrenia) were analyzed and compared with respect to the measures of centrality (betweenness, closeness, strength, and expected influence) and edge weights.

Results
In both networks, the majority of centrality metrics (expected influence, strength, and closeness) had the highest values for the RBANS scores of attention (the sum of scores from two tasks, i.e., digit span and coding) and immediate memory. In both networks, social functioning was directly connected to positive, negative and depressive symptoms as well as the RBANS scores of attention and language. Additionally, in remitted patients, social functioning was directly connected to the RBANS score of immediate memory.

Conclusions
Findings from the present study indicate the central role of cognitive deficits, especially those related to attention, processing speed, working and immediate memory in shaping functional impairments regardless of schizophrenia phase. Therapeutic interventions that aim to improve functional capacity need to target these domains of neurocognitive performance.
Exploring the perspective of young adults about anaemia prevention; the contributions of knowledge about at-risk groups and consequences of anaemia
Authors: Benfo Audrey , Zumesew Francis , Akoto Ebenezer Bugyei , Ahiakwah Edward , Baidoo Belinda , Agyapong Nana Ama Frimpomaa , Boachie Joseph , Adu Patrick 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Anaemia persistently remains a grave public health challenge in most sub-Saharan African countries. Understanding the perspectives of young adults concerning the multi-factorial nature of anaemia may be an important step towards meeting the 2025 global nutrition target of halving anaemia since these individuals might be in the process of reproductive decisions.

Aim
To explore the relationship between students’ knowledge about individuals at risk of developing anaemia, and anaemia consequences, and anaemia prevention strategies in a tertiary student cohort.

Methods
This sequential exploratory study adopted a mixed-methods approach to triangulate the data collection. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather baseline data regarding students’ perspective on anaemia. Themes that emerged from the initial questionnaire data analyses guided a focus group discussion (FGD) to further explore students’ perspectives on anaemia. FGD data was thematically analysed to unearth reasons behind questionnaire item selection. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the relationship between constructs in the anaemia knowledge questionnaire.

Results
Overall, 543 students participated in the initial questionnaire data acquisition compared to 16 in the FGD. Our latent variable structural model showed that knowing the causes of anaemia did not significantly (p > 0.05) associate with either knowledge about anaemia consequences (b = 0.113) or knowledge about anaemia prevention strategies (b = 0.042). However, knowledge about individuals at-risk of anaemia was significantly positively associated with both anaemia prevention strategies (b = 0.306, p < 0.05) and knowledge about consequences of anaemia (b = 0.543, 95%). Moreover, knowing the consequences of anaemia seemed to significantly positively mediate the association between knowledge about at-risk groups and preventive measures that could be adopted (b = 0.410, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Systems thinking public health educational campaigns that highlight the consequences of anaemia and at-risk groups are more likely to inspire the adoption of preventive strategies among young adults.
Using artificial intelligence to predict adverse outcomes in emergency department patients with hyperglycemic crises in real time
Authors: Hsu Chin-Chuan , Kao Yuan , Hsu Chien-Chin , Chen Chia-Jung , Hsu Shu-Lien , Liu Tzu-Lan , Lin Hung-Jung , Wang Jhi-Joung , Liu Chung-Feng , Huang Chien-Cheng 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyperglycemic crises are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have proposed methods to predict adverse outcomes of patients in hyperglycemic crises; however, artificial intelligence (AI) has never been used to predict adverse outcomes. We implemented an AI model integrated with the hospital information system (HIS) to clarify whether AI could predict adverse outcomes.MethodsWe included 2,666 patients with hyperglycemic crises from emergency departments (ED) between 2009 and 2018. The patients were randomized into a 70%/30% split for AI model training and testing. Twenty-two feature variables from the electronic medical records were collected. The performance of the multilayer perceptron (MLP), logistic regression, random forest, Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), support vector machine (SVM), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithms was compared. We selected the best algorithm to construct an AI model to predict sepsis or septic shock, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and all-cause mortality within 1 month. The outcomes between the non-AI and AI groups were compared after implementing the HIS and predicting the hyperglycemic crisis death (PHD) score.ResultsThe MLP had the best performance in predicting the three adverse outcomes, compared with the random forest, logistic regression, SVM, KNN, and LightGBM models. The areas under the curves (AUCs) using the MLP model were 0.852 for sepsis or septic shock, 0.743 for ICU admission, and 0.796 for all-cause mortality. Furthermore, we integrated the AI predictive model with the HIS to assist decision making in real time. No significant differences in ICU admission or all-cause mortality were detected between the non-AI and AI groups. The AI model performed better than the PHD score for predicting all-cause mortality (AUC 0.796 vs. 0.693).ConclusionsA real-time AI predictive model is a promising method for predicting adverse outcomes in ED patients with hyperglycemic crises. Further studies recruiting more patients are warranted.
Retention of hybrid-abutment-crowns with offset implant placement: influence of Crown materials and Ti-base height
Authors: Alseddiek Ahmed , Al-Zordk Walid , Attia Ahmed 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the current study was to assess the impact of three esthetic CAD/CAM material, titanium base height and their interaction on the retention strength of a hybrid-abutment-crown.

Methods
A total of 42 hybrid-abutment crowns with identical external geometries were designed in CAD software to fit two different Ti-Base abutment heights (n = 42/abutment height): either short (S) with 4 mm (n = 21) or long (L) 7 mm (n = 21) height. Each main group was divided into 3 subgroups (n = 7), according to esthetic crown material, Zirconia (Z), Lithium disilicate (L) and Hybrid ceramic (V). A universal primer and an adhesive resin cement were used for bonding according to the manufacturer instructions. Artificial aging in form of water storage (30 days), chewing simulation (50,000-cycles, 49 N, 1.67 Hz) and thermal cyclic (5000 cycles at 5–55 °C) were applied, specimens were pulled-out under tension load in (N) using a universal testing machine. Two and one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey test were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Long lithium disilicate (LL) group showed the highest retention (738.7 ± 178.5) followed by short lithium disilicate (LS) group (688.6 ± 169.9). Meanwhile, short zirconia (ZS) showed the lowest retention strength (231.1 ± 86.9).

Conclusion
CAD/CAM fabricated lithium disilicate hybrid-abutment-crown can be used instead of conventional crowns over implant abutment. Etchable ceramics are recommended as a material of choice for CAD/CAM fabricated hybrid-abutment-crowns instead of zirconia in terms of retention durability.