bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic review of 58 patients with biliary papillomatosis
Authors: Lee Sang Soo , Kim Myung‐Hwan , Lee Sung Koo , Jang Se Jin , Song Moon‐Hee , Kim Kyu‐Pyo , Kim Hong Ja , Seo Dong‐Wan , Song Dong Eun , Yu Eunsil , Lee Seung‐Gyu , Min Young Il 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiliary papillomatosis (BP) is a rare disease that is characterized by multiple numerous papillary adenomas in the biliary tree. The clinical features and outcome, however, are not well known. The authors retrospectively analyzed their clinicopathologic features and long‐term follow‐up results.METHODSBetween March 1995 and January 2003, 58 patients were diagnosed with BP by cholangioscopic and histologic findings at a tertiary referral center, Asan Medical Center (University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea). The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records to obtain demographic, radiologic, cholangioscopic, and pathologic data.RESULTSThe common clinical manifestations at the presentation of patients were repeated episodes of abdominal pain, jaundice, and acute cholangitis. Acute cholangitis was more common in patients with mucin‐hypersecreting BP (MBP), whereas patients with nonmucin‐producing BP (NMBP) were more asymptomatic (P < 0.05). Papillary adenocarcinoma and mucinous carcinoma were detected in 48 patients (83%) with papillary adenomas. Overall survival rates of NMBP and MBP were 89% and 69% at 1 year, 57% and 37% at 3 years, and 52% and 19% at 5 years, respectively. The mean survival period of NMBP and MBP was 52.27 ± 6.72 months and 30.84 ± 8.36 months, respectively.CONCLUSIONSBP should be regarded as a premalignant disease with high malignant potential. The pathogenesis of progression from benign to malignant disease may follow the adenomacarcinoma sequence. Although clinical presentations were somewhat different for patients with NMBP and MBP, the long‐term survival rate was similar. Cancer 2004;100:783–93. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Treatment of atypical neurocytomas
Authors: Rades Dirk , Fehlauer Fabian , Schild Steven E. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe majority of central neurocytomas are benign. Approximately 25% of these rare central nervous system tumors are more aggressive, with an MIB‐1 labeling index > 2% or atypical histologic features, and are classified as atypical neurocytomas. The objective of this analysis was to define the optimal treatment for patients with these atypical tumors.METHODSThe first atypical neurocytoma was described in 1989. The patients reported since then were reviewed for age, gender, extent of resection, MIB‐1 index, histology, irradiation, local control, and survival. In addition to the data available in the literature, more relevant data were obtained from the authors of that literature. Treatment approaches included complete resection alone (CR), complete resection followed by radiotherapy (CR‐RT), incomplete resection alone (IR), and incomplete resection followed by radiotherapy (IR‐RT). These four therapies were compared for local control and survival using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log‐rank test.RESULTSComplete data were available on 85 patients (15 patients who underwent CR, 13 patients who underwent CR‐RT, 17 patients who underwent IR, and 40 patients who received IR‐RT). Local control rates at 3 years and 5 years were 73% and 57% after CR, 81% and 53% after CR‐RT, 21% and 7% after IR, and 85% and 70% after IR‐RT, respectively (P < 0.0001). Survival rates at 3 years and 5 years and were 93% and 93% after CR, 90% and 90% after CR‐RT, 65% and 43% after IR, and 87% and 78% after IR‐RT, respectively (P = 0.0076).CONCLUSIONSPatients who underwent CR achieved better local control and survival rates compared with patients who underwent IR. After IR, patients appeared to benefit from RT. A beneficial effect of RT after CR was not observed. Cancer 2004;100:814–7. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Health care for childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Zebrack Brad J. , Eshelman Debra A. , Hudson Melissa M. , Mertens Ann C. , Cotter Kelly L. , Foster Barbara M. , Loftis Lauren , Sozio Margaret , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDMost children diagnosed with cancer are surviving into adulthood but are not receiving adequate or appropriate follow‐up health care. However, to the authors' knowledge, there is little literature published to date exploring potential barriers to long‐term risk‐based follow‐up care for young adult survivors of childhood cancer.METHODSIn the current study, using a modified Delphi technique, young adult cancer survivors identified barriers to utilizing appropriate follow‐up care and offered suggestions for ways to enhance health care in this young adult population.RESULTSMajor barriers to health care were found to be a lack of knowledge on the part of both physicians and survivors regarding long‐term health issues related to cancer. Suggestions to enhance care included self‐advocacy training for survivors and advanced training for primary care physicians who may treat childhood cancer survivors as they transition into adulthood.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study are consistent with reports that young adult survivors of childhood cancer need or desire information regarding their medical histories, psychosocial support, and social advocacy. Cancer 2004;100:843–50. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Survivin expression is associated with features of biologically aggressive prostate carcinoma
Authors: Shariat Shahrokh F. , Lotan Yair , Saboorian Hossein , Khoddami Seyed M. , Roehrborn Claus G. , Slawin Kevin M. , Ashfaq Raheela 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDSurvivin counteracts cell death and controls mitotic progression. The objectives of the current study were to compare the expression patterns of survivin in normal prostate, primary prostate carcinoma, and lymph node tissues involved with prostate carcinoma and to determine whether the expression of survivin is associated with prostate carcinoma characteristics and progression.METHODSImmunohistochemical staining for survivin and for transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) and its receptors (types I and II; TGF‐βR1 and TGF‐βR2, respectively) was carried out on archival specimens from 114 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (median follow‐up, 64.8 months). Punch biopsies of the index carcinoma and normal tissue from each specimen were sectioned onto a single slide and stained. The authors also evaluated the expression of survivin in normal and malignant lymph node tissue from eight patients.RESULTSSurvivin was expressed in 41 of 114 normal prostate specimens (36%) from prostates that contained carcinoma, in 81 of 114 primary prostate carcinoma specimens (71%), in 3of 8 normal lymphoid specimens (38%), and in 7 of 8 prostate carcinoma lymphoid specimens (88%). Survivin expression was associated with higher final Gleason sum (P = 0.001), loss of TGF‐βR1 and TGF‐βR2 expression (P = 0.041 and P = 0.008, respectively), and an increased risk of biochemical progression on univariate analysis (P = 0.0441). Among patients who had disease progression, survivin was expressed more commonly in those who had tumors with features of aggressive behavior.CONCLUSIONSThe expression of survivin gradually increased from normal prostate tissue, to low‐grade primary carcinoma, to high‐grade primary carcinoma and was highest in lymph node metastases. Survivin expression was associated further with alteration of the TGF‐β pathway and with overall and aggressive biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy. Cancer 2004;100:751–7. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Prognostic significance and interobserver variability of histologic grading systems for endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Scholten Astrid N. , Smit Vincent T. H. B. M. , Beerman Henk , van Putten Wim L. J. , Creutzberg Carien L. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe most widely used histologic grading system for endometrial carcinoma is the three‐tiered International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system. Although FIGO grading has significant predictive value, the reproducibility of Grade 2 is limited. Recently, a binary grading system was proposed based on the amount of solid growth, the pattern of myometrial invasion, and the presence of tumor cell necrosis. The authors analyzed and compared the prognostic significance and the interobserver variability of both grading systems and of the three criteria for the binary grading system.METHODSEight hundred patients with Stage I–III endometrioid endometrial carcinoma were reviewed and graded independently by two pathologists according to the three‐tiered FIGO grading system and the novel binary grading system.RESULTSThe interobserver agreement for both systems was moderate, with 70% and 73% agreement rates for the FIGO (κ = 0.41) and binary (κ = 0.39) grading systems, respectively. When converting the FIGO grading system into an artificial, 2‐tiered grading system (Grade 3 vs. Grades 1–2), the agreement was much better (agreement rate, 85%; κ = 0.58). Of the 3 criteria for the binary grading system, amount of solid growth (≤ 50% vs. > 50%) had the greatest reproducibility (agreement rate, 80%; κ = 0.50). Both the 2‐tiered FIGO grading system and the binary grading system were significant predictors of local recurrence, distant recurrence, and disease‐specific survival (hazard ratios [HRs]: 1.7, 2.5, and 2.6, respectively, for FIGO and 2.1, 4.1, and 3.8, respectively, for the binary grading system). The amount of solid growth also was a strong prognostic factor for these three endpoints (HRs: 2.4, 3.9, and 3.8, respectively).CONCLUSIONSBoth the binary grading system and the FIGO grading system had strong prognostic significance. Their reproducibility, however, was limited. A simple architectural binary grading system that divided tumors into low‐grade lesions and high‐grade lesions based on the proportion of solid growth (≤ 50% or > 50%) had superior prognostic power and greater reproducibility. Cancer 2004;100:764–72. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Second‐line treatment with carboplatin for recurrent or progressive oligodendroglial tumors after PCV (procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine) chemotherapy
Authors: Soffietti Riccardo , Nobile Mauro , Rudà Roberta , Borgognone Marzia , Costanza Alessandra , Laguzzi Elena , Mutani Roberto 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficacy of second‐line chemotherapy for patients with recurrent or progressive oligodendroglial tumors is limited. In the current study, the authors investigated the use of carboplatin as a second‐line chemotherapeutic agent against these types of tumors.METHODSTwenty‐three patients with recurrent or progressive oligodendrogliomas or oligoastrocytomas after first‐line PCV (procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine) chemotherapy were enrolled in a single‐institution Phase II study of second‐line carboplatin chemotherapy. All patients had undergone surgery, and most also had undergone conventional radiotherapy. Carboplatin was administered at a dose of 560 mg/m2 intravenously every 4 weeks. Responses were evaluated according to conventional criteria, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.RESULTSThree of 23 patients (13%) had partial responses, with neurologic improvement. Twelve patients (52%) had stable disease; in 2 of these 12 patients, a minor response was seen on MRI. Eight patients (35%) had progressive disease. The median time to tumor progression was 3 months for all patients and 9 months for patients who experienced responses to treatment. Progression‐free survival rates at 6 and 12 months were 34.8% and 8.7%, respectively. Among the salvage treatment plans followed after carboplatin chemotherapy were supportive care alone, radiotherapy, third‐line chemotherapy, and reoperation. The median survival duration from the start of carboplatin administration was 16 months. Myelotoxicity was severe, with Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia in 60% of patients and Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia in 48% of patients.CONCLUSIONSWhen administered according to a monthly schedule, carboplatin exhibited modest activity in adult patients with recurrent or progressive oligodendroglioma or oligoastrocytoma who experienced treatment failure after PCV chemotherapy; the current treatment regimen also was associated with severe toxicity. Further improvement of second‐line chemotherapy for the patient group examined in the current study is necessary. Cancer 2004;100:807–13. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Neurologic disorders in 432 consecutive patients with small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Seute Tatjana , Leffers Pieter , ten Velde Guul P. M. , Twijnstra Albert 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeurologic complications are an important cause of morbidity and possibly also mortality in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The current study was undertaken to prospectively investigate survival and the frequency of neurologic disorders in patients with SCLC.METHODSBetween October 1980 and September 2001, 432 consecutive patients with microscopically proven SCLC were included in the current study. Patients underwent neurologic examinations on a regular basis prior to, during, and after treatment. Routine imaging of the brain (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) was performed before and after systemic therapy.RESULTSA neurologic disorder was diagnosed in approximately 56% of the SCLC patients. In nearly half of the cases, the neurologic disorder already was present at the time of diagnosis. Brain metastases (BM) were diagnosed most frequently. Seventy‐four patients (18%) had BM at the time of diagnosis; in 20 of these patients, the BM did not demonstrate clinical signs. Another 101 patients developed BM during follow‐up. The 2‐year cumulative risk of BM reached 49% for patients with limited disease (LD) and 65% for patients with extensive disease (ED). Patients with BM as the only site of disease dissemination were found to have a poorer survival compared with LD patients. The majority of the nonmetastatic disorders preceded the diagnosis of SCLC. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) was diagnosed most frequently.CONCLUSIONSIn this prospective study, neurologic disorders were diagnosed in greater than half of the patients with SCLC. BM were detected most frequently. Approximately 18% of the patients were found to have BM at the time of diagnosis. In approximately 33% of the cases, these BM did not cause symptoms. BM were found to have a negative effect on survival in patients with SCLC. Cancer 2004;100:801–6. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Incidence and distribution of argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency in human cancers
Authors: Dillon Brian J. , Prieto Victor G. , Curley Steven A. , Ensor C. Mark , Holtsberg Frederick W. , Bomalaski John S. , Clark Mike A. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDArgininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) was the first of two enzymes to convert citrulline to arginine. This pathway allowed cells to synthesize arginine from citrulline, making this amino acid nonessential for the growth of most mammalian cells. Previous studies demonstrated that several human tumor cell lines were auxotrophic for arginine due to an inability to express ASS. Selective elimination of arginine from the circulation of animals with these tumors is a potentially effective anticancer treatment. The purpose of these experiments was to determine the frequency of ASS deficiency and arginine auxotrophy in a variety of human malignant tumors.METHODSThe authors analyzed the expression of ASS by immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody in a variety of human tumor biopsies. They found that the incidence of ASS deficiency varied greatly with the tumor type and tissue of origin.RESULTSMelanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma were most frequently deficient in ASS. Some human cancers were almost always positive for ASS (e.g., lung and colon carcinomas). However, other human cancers, including sarcomas, invasive breast carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma, also were sometimes ASS deficient.CONCLUSIONSThese data indicated that immunohistochemical detection of ASS may prove an effective means for determining ASS deficiency in malignant human tumors and for identifying patients most likely to respond to arginine deprivation therapy. Based on these results, human clinical trials using arginine‐degrading enzyme therapy to treat patients with advanced melanoma or hepatocellular carcinoma have been initiated. Cancer 2004;100:826–33. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Flume experiments on the horizontal stream offset by strike‐slip faults
Authors: Ouchi Shunji 
Published: February 2004

AbstractFlume experiments, in which the middle section of an erosion channel is displaced horizontally, have been conducted to assess the response of streams to horizontal displacement by a strike‐slip fault. The experimental erosion channel was developed in a mixture of sand and clay, which provided relatively stable banks with its cohesiveness. Horizontal displacement of a strike‐slip fault perpendicular to the channel is expected to add a ﬂat section to its longitudinal proﬁle along the fault line. The experimental stream eliminated this ﬂat section with downstream degradation, upstream aggradation, and lateral channel shift. As a result, a roughly continuous longitudinal proﬁle was maintained. This maintenance of a continuous longitudinal proﬁle along channel is considered to be the principle of stream response to horizontal displacement by a strike‐slip fault. Downstream degradation was the dominant process of this stream response in the overall tendency of erosion without sand supply. When the rate of fault displacement was low (long recurrence interval), the experimental stream eroded the fault surface, jutting laterally into the channel like a scarp, and deﬂected the channel within the recurrence interval. This lateral channel shift gave some gradient to the reach created by fault displacement (offset reach), and the downstream degradation occurred as much as completing the remaining longitudinal proﬁle adjustment. When the rate of fault displacement was high (short recurrence interval), the lateral erosion on the ﬁrst fault surface was interrupted by the next fault displacement. The displacement was then added incrementally to the existing channel offset making channel shift by lateral erosion increasingly difﬁcult. The channel offset with sharp bends persisted without much modiﬁcation, and downstream degradation and upstream aggradation became evident with the effect of the offset channel course, which worked like a dam. In this case, a slight local convexity, which was incidentally formed by downstream degradation and upstream aggradation, tended to remain in the roughly continuous longitudinal proﬁle, as long as the horizontal channel offset persisted. In either case, once the experimental stream obtained a roughly continuous gradient, further channel adjustment seemed to halt. Horizontal channel offset remained to a greater or lesser extent at the end of each run long after the last fault displacement. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coastal cliff retreat rates at Beit‐Yannay, Israel, in the 20th century
Authors: Zviely Dov , Klein Micha 
Published: February 2004

AbstractResearch indicates that the aeolianite (Kurkar) cliffs along the Israeli Mediterranean coastline have continuously retreated eastward during the last few decades. There seems to be no dispute among Earth scientists regarding the general trend of cliff retreat. However the majority of papers displaying cliff retreat rates are based upon comparison of aerial photographs. Their lack of advanced geometric measurement methods causes a high margin of error. Public attention is focused upon the Beit‐Yannay coastal cliff since private homes are located along the southern section of the cliff crest. The current research compares the historic location of the cliff crest edge at Beit‐Yannay as observed in a series of aerial photographs taken during the period 1918–2000. Quantitative measurement methods included applications of satellite geodesy and digital photogrammetry and mapping. Research results offer quantitative, consecutive and highly accurate data regarding retreat rates over a relatively long period of 82 years. It is concluded that: 1. Annual average cliff retreat rates of the cliff crest is 20 cm/year. 2. Categorization of the study time span reveals periods displaying varying retreat rates such as 27 cm/year during 1918–1946, 21 cm/year during 1946–1973 and 10 cm/year during 1973–2000. 3. Maximum retreat distances of the cliff crest, over the study period were found to be approximately 25 m along the northern, lowest section of the cliff. Minimum distances of 11 m were identiﬁed at the highest, southern section of the cliff. 4. The eolianite (Kurkar) cliffs along the Israeli Mediterranean coast throughout the 20th century have been an important source of sediment, contributing approximately 24 × 106 m3 of sediments to the sediment balance of Israeli beaches. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence for direct suspension of loessial soils on the Columbia Plateau
Authors: Kjelgaard J. F. , Chandler D. G. , Saxton K. E. 
Published: February 2004

AbstractWind erosion modelling efforts, both ﬁeld and wind tunnel studies, have traditionally focused on saltation‐based processes for estimating dust emissions from high wind events. This approach gives generally good results when saltation‐sized particles, 90 µm to 2 mm mean diameter, are prevalent on the exposed soil surface. The Columbia Plateau, located in north‐central Oregon and south‐central Washington, is a region with extensive loess deposits where up to 90 per cent of sieved particles (by mass) are less than 100 µm mean diameter. During high‐wind events, large amounts of soil and ﬁne particulate matter are suspended. However, ﬁeld surfaces typically show little evidence of surface scouring or saltation, e.g. soil drifts or covered furrows. Velocity proﬁle analysis of two high‐wind events and additional data from a third event show evidence of direct suspension process where saltation is not a major mechanism for eroding soil or generating dust emissions. Surface roughness heights are less than saltation roughness height estimates during peak wind speeds. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.