bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐office serial intralesional steroid injection for subglottic stenosis: Case series of 14 patients with multiple etiologies
Authors: Wehbi Nader , Gleadhill Claire M. E. , Ahmadian David , Skirko Jonathan R. , Yip Helena T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveSubglottic stenosis (SGS) is commonly treated with endoscopic dilations or tracheal resection. Since office‐based serial intralesional steroid injections (SILSI) were first reported in 2017, they have been established as an effective, less invasive treatment alternative or adjunct. The aim of this study is to add to the literature investigating the efficacy of office‐based SILSIs for idiopathic and post‐intubation SGS patients, specifically studying surgery‐free intervals (SFIs) and discussing our experience with SILSI treatment order and stenosis grade.MethodsThis study is a retrospective case series of 14 patients with subglottic stenosis treated with in‐office serial intralesional steroid injections as a primary or adjuvant treatment from 2018 to 2022 in an academic tertiary care center.ResultsOf seven patients with calculable SFI, a mean SFI increase of 481.28 days was observed following SILSI treatment (p = 0.042). Ten patients in our cohort presented with idiopathic or post‐intubation grade 2 SGS and were managed successfully with a combination of endoscopic dilation and SILSI. Two patients with post‐intubation grade 1 SGS were managed successfully with SILSI as their primary treatment. Two patients with post‐intubation grade 3 SGS required a tracheal resection and did not benefit from SILSI.ConclusionsWe have found that SFI significantly increased following SILSI initiation. Although statistical power was limited given the small sample size, our findings suggest that SILSI may be an effective primary treatment in low‐grade stenosis. SILSI as an adjuvant to endoscopic dilation may be most effective in intermediate‐grade stenosis. SILSI may not be effective in high‐grade stenosis patients who failed prior endoscopic treatment.
Central Bank Digital Currency and the Agenda of Monetary Devolution
Authors: Zelmanovitz Leonidas , Salama Bruno Meyerhof 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe creation of central bank digital currencies, or CBDCs, can be thought of as a form of “monetary devolution”. The devolution lies in that the power to create money is shifted at least in part from commercial banks to the state. This is particularly clear if the CBDCs take on properties of cash and are made available to the public at large. We discuss the agenda of monetary devolution in the United States and outline an alternative that incorporates the technological edge provided by CBDCs. This alternative would be the creation of wholesale CBDCs to serve as the monetary base to settle retail payments with stablecoins. Designed as such, CBDCs could preserve the current balance between private and public money. This alternative is worth contemplating, but its political appeal is severely diminished by its incompatibility with a program of persistent monetary financing of the Treasury.
New physics in single resonant top quarks
Authors: Tong Shelley , Corcoran James , Fieg Max , Fenton Michael , Whiteson Daniel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Searches for new physics in the top quark sector are of great theoretical interest, yet some powerful avenues for discovery remain unexplored. We characterize the expected statistical power of the LHC dataset to constrain the single production of heavy top partners T decaying to a top quark and a photon or a top quark and a gluon. We describe an effective interaction which could generate such production, though the limits apply to a range of theoretical models. We find sensitivity to cross sections in the 102 − 105 fb range, for T masses between 300 and 1000 GeV, depending on decay mode.
Baryogenesis and leptogenesis from supercooled confinement
Authors: Dichtl Maximilian , Nava Jacopo , Pascoli Silvia , Sala Filippo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We propose a framework of baryogenesis and leptogenesis that relies on a supercooled confining phase transition (PT) in the early universe. The baryon or lepton asymmetry is sourced by decays of hadrons of the strong dynamics after the PT, and it is enhanced compared to the non-confining case, which was the only one explored so far. This widens the energy range of the PT, where the observed baryon asymmetry can be reproduced, down to the electroweak scale. The framework then becomes testable with gravity waves (GW) at LISA and the Einstein Telescope. We then study two explicit realisations: one of leptogenesis from composite sterile neutrinos that realises inverse see-saw; one of baryogenesis from composite scalars that is partly testable by existing colliders and flavour factories.
The female happiness paradox
Authors: Blanchflower David G. , Bryson Alex 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing data across countries and over time, we show that women have worse mental health than men in negative affect equations, irrespective of the measure used — anxiety, depression, fearfulness, sadness, loneliness, anger — and they have more days with bad mental health and more restless sleep. Women are also less satisfied with many aspects of their lives, such as democracy, the economy, the state of education, and health services. They are also less satisfied in the moment in terms of peace and calm, cheerfulness, feeling active, vigorous, fresh, and rested. However, prior evidence on gender differences in happiness and life satisfaction is less clear cut. Differences vary over time, location, and with model specification and the inclusion of controls, especially marital status. We now find strong evidence that males have higher levels of both happiness and life satisfaction in recent years even before the onset of the pandemic. As in the past, women continue to have worse mental health. A detailed analysis of several data files, with various metrics, for the UK confirms that men now are happier than women and the size of the effect is not trivial.
Economics of technology cycle time (TCT) and catch-up by latecomers: Micro-, meso-, and macro-analyses and implications
Authors: Lee Keun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper provides an analytical review of the literature on the role of technology cycle time (TCT) in the catching-up process of latecomers at the firm, sectoral, and national levels. At the national level, latecomer economies follow a detour that consists of economic growth through specialization in short-TCT sectors during the catching-up phase, followed by a shift to long-TCT sectors in the post-catching-up phase. The paper then discusses the double-edged nature of TCT at the sectoral level, such that short TCT can either be a window of opportunity associated with the rapid obsolescence of existing technologies and thus low entry barriers, or another source of difficulty associated with the truncation of learning from existing technologies. Only latecomers with a certain absorptive capacity can benefit from short TCT as a window of opportunity. Finally, at the firm level, this paper discusses the issue of possible convergence in the behavior of catching-up firms towards those of mature firms in advanced economies. At all three levels, the keywords are detours and convergence. Given the barriers to entry in long-TCT sectors, latecomers pursue a strategy of detouring into short-TCT sectors. That is, instead of trying to emulate incumbents by entering long-TCT sectors, latecomers take the opposite route. Subsequently, as latecomers improve their capabilities over time, they shift their specialization from short to long TCT sectors, thereby achieving convergence in behavior and strategy at the firm, sectoral, and national levels.
Prediction of motif-mediated viral mimicry through the integration of host–pathogen interactions
Authors: Idrees Sobia , Paudel Keshav Raj , Hansbro Philip M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOne of the mechanisms viruses use in hijacking host cellular machinery is mimicking Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs) in host proteins to maintain their life cycle inside host cells. In the face of the escalating volume of virus-host protein–protein interactions (vhPPIs) documented in databases; the accurate prediction of molecular mimicry remains a formidable challenge due to the inherent degeneracy of SLiMs. Consequently, there is a pressing need for computational methodologies to predict new instances of viral mimicry. Our present study introduces a DMI-de-novo pipeline, revealing that vhPPIs catalogued in the VirHostNet3.0 database effectively capture domain-motif interactions (DMIs). Notably, both affinity purification coupled mass spectrometry and yeast two-hybrid assays emerged as good approaches for delineating DMIs. Furthermore, we have identified new vhPPIs mediated by SLiMs across different viruses. Importantly, the de-novo prediction strategy facilitated the recognition of several potential mimicry candidates implicated in the subversion of host cellular proteins. The insights gleaned from this research not only enhance our comprehension of the mechanisms by which viruses co-opt host cellular machinery but also pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
The impact of doxycycline on human contextual fear memory
Authors: Wehrli Jelena M. , Xia Yanfang , Abivardi Aslan , Kleim Birgit , Bach Dominik R. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Rationale
Previous work identified an attenuating effect of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor doxycycline on fear memory consolidation. This may present a new mechanistic approach for the prevention of trauma-related disorders. However, so far, this has only been unambiguously demonstrated in a cued delay fear conditioning paradigm, in which a simple geometric cue predicted a temporally overlapping aversive outcome. This form of learning is mainly amygdala dependent. Psychological trauma often involves the encoding of contextual cues, which putatively necessitates partly different neural circuits including the hippocampus. The role of MMP signalling in the underlying neural pathways in humans is unknown.

Methods
Here, we investigated the effect of doxycycline on configural fear conditioning in a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial with 100 (50 females) healthy human participants.

Results
Our results show that participants successfully learned and retained, after 1 week, the context-shock association in both groups. We find no group difference in fear memory retention in either of our pre-registered outcome measures, startle eye-blink responses and pupil dilation. Contrary to expectations, we identified elevated fear-potentiated startle in the doxycycline group early in the recall test, compared to the placebo group.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that doxycycline does not substantially attenuate contextual fear memory. This might limit its potential for clinical application.
Polar licit and illicit ingredients in dietary supplements: chemometric optimization of extraction and HILIC-MS/MS analysis
Authors: Baglietto Matteo , Benedetti Barbara , Di Carro Marina , Magi Emanuele 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany dietary supplements claim the ability to enhance sports performance and to improve the fitness of the consumers. Occasionally, along with legal ingredients, illicit compounds may be added without being labelled, leading to unintended doping. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop an analytical method to determine a set of 12 polar (logDpH=7 from −2.0 to +0.3) compounds including diuretics, stimulants, β2-agonists, methylxanthines, and sweeteners. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was chosen as separation strategy, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The instrumental method was optimized using a two-step design of experiments (DoE). Firstly, a Plackett–Burman (PB) DoE was performed to identify the more influencing variables affecting peak areas and chromatographic resolution among temperature, water percentage in the mobile phase, and flow rate, as well as type and concentration of buffers. Secondly, a D-optimal DoE was set, considering only the most significant variables from the PB-DoE results, achieving a deeper understanding of the retention mechanism. Sample processing by salt-assisted liquid–liquid extraction was studied through DoE as well, and the whole method showed recoveries in the range 40–107% and procedural precision ≤11% for all analytes. Finally, it was applied to real samples, in which the four methylxanthines and two artificial sweeteners were detected and quantified in the range of 0.02–192 mg g−1. These values were compared to the quantities declared on the DS labels, when possible. Furthermore, a sequence of MS/MS scans allowed detection of a signal in one of the samples, structurally similar to the β2-agonist clenbuterol.
Graphical Abstract
Phase Diagram of the Ashkin–Teller Model
Authors: Aoun Yacine , Dober Moritz , Glazman Alexander 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Ashkin–Teller model is a pair of interacting Ising models and has two parameters:Jis a coupling constant in the Ising models and Udescribes the strength of the interaction between them. In the ferromagnetic case $$J,U>0$$J,U>0on the square lattice, we establish a complete phase diagram conjectured in physics in 1970s (by Kadanoff and Wegner, Wu and Lin, Baxter and others): when $$J<U$$J<U, the transitions for the Ising spins and their products occur at two distinct curves that are dual to each other; when $$J\ge U$$J≥U, both transitions occur at the self-dual curve. All transitions are shown to be sharp using the OSSS inequality. We use a finite-size criterion argument and continuity to extend the result of Glazman and Peled (Electron J Probab 28:1-53, 2023) from a self-dual point to its neighborhood. Our proofs go through the random-cluster representation of the Ashkin–Teller model introduced by Chayes–Machta and Pfister–Velenik and we rely on couplings to FK-percolation.
Freedman’s Theorem for Unitarily Invariant States on the CCR Algebra
Authors: Crismale Vitonofrio , Del Vecchio Simone , Monni Tommaso , Rossi Stefano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe set of states on $$\textrm{CCR}({{\mathcal {H}}})$$

CCR
(
H
)

, the CCR algebra of a separable Hilbert space $${{\mathcal {H}}}$$
H
, is here looked at as a natural object to obtain a non-commutative version of Freedman’s theorem for unitarily invariant stochastic processes. In this regard, we provide a complete description of the compact convex set of states of $$\textrm{CCR}({{\mathcal {H}}})$$

CCR
(
H
)

that are invariant under the action of all automorphisms induced in second quantization by unitaries of $${{\mathcal {H}}}$$
H
. We prove that this set is a Bauer simplex, whose extreme states are either the canonical trace of the CCR algebra or Gaussian states with variance at least 1.
Ethische Aspekte der Therapie mit Psychedelika
Authors: Repantis Dimitris , Koslowski Michael , Fink Sascha Benjamin 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In den letzten Jahren wurde die klinische Forschung zu Psychedelika-gestützter Therapie psychischer Störungen wieder aufgenommen, mit einer stetig steigenden Zahl von Studien und Publikationen. Dabei sind viele ethische Fragen aufgekommen, die noch nicht ausreichend untersucht und beantwortet wurden.

Ziel
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zum Stand der klinischen Forschung und widmet sich anschließend den zentralen ethischen Fragen, die sich aus dieser besonderen Therapieform ergeben.

Material und Methoden
Anhand der aktuellen Literatur und von Beispielen aus einer derzeit in Deutschland erfolgenden Studie werden ethische Fragen näher beleuchtet.

Ergebnisse
Zentrale Themen wie die erhöhte Suggestibilität unter der Wirkung von Psychedelika, die daraus resultierende hohe Verantwortung der Therapeut:innen, die zu erwartende temporäre Ich-Auflösung sowie langfristige Wirkungen auf das Weltbild und die tiefen Überzeugungen der Patient:innen werden näher behandelt.

Diskussion
Da es um eine Behandlungsform geht, die in kurzer Zeit tiefgreifende Veränderungen bewirken kann, kommt der ärztlichen Aufklärung eine besondere Bedeutung zu, ebenso wie der gesamtgesellschaftlichen Diskussion über die epistemologische Dimension der Inhalte der psychedelischen Erfahrungen.
The impact of submucosal PRP injection on wound healing after endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Dinaki Konstantina , Grigoriadis Nikolaos , Vizirianakis Ioannis S. , Constantinidis Jannis , Triaridis Stefanos , Karkos Petros 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent chronic disease observed on a global scale. The utilization of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has gained significant recognition as an effective intervention for individuals with CRS and nasal polyps who have not responded to conventional treatments. The need (or not) for revision surgery frequently relies on the promotion of optimal wound healing. The impact of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on tissue healing has been extensively examined in various surgical fields.

Methods
The present prospective study involved 30 patients suffering with nasal polyposis who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. 15 patients were assigned to the PRP group, and 15 patients to the control group. The clinical follow-up of the patients took place at specific intervals, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 after the surgical procedure. The evaluator identified the existence of adhesions, crusting, bleeding, granulation and infection using a visual analogue scale score. The patients also completed the SNOT 22 questionnaire prior to surgery and at each postoperative visit.

Results
The present study observed a lower incidence of adhesion, infection, hemorrhage and granulation in the PRP group. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was detected between the groups.

Conclusion
Based on the findings of the present investigation, it seems that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is beneficial on wound healing during the early stages following the surgical procedure. The technique is characterized by its limited invasiveness, which contributes to its low risk profile and the achievement of clinically good outcomes.
Short term safety of magnetic sphincter augmentation vs minimally invasive fundoplication: an ACS-NSQIP analysis
Authors: Wisniowski Paul , Putnam Luke R. , Gallagher Shea , Rawal Rushil , Houghton Caitlin , Lipham John C. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation (MSA) is an FDA-approved anti-reflux procedure with comparable outcomes to fundoplication. However, most data regarding its use are limited to single or small multicenter studies which may limit the generalizability of its efficacy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing MSA vs fundoplication in a national database.

Materials and Methods
The 2017–2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) Registry was utilized to evaluate patients undergoing MSA or fundoplication. Patients requiring Collis gastroplasty, paraesophageal hernia repair, and emergency cases, were excluded. Patient outcomes included overall complication rates, readmissions, reoperations, and mortality.

Results
A total of 7,882 patients underwent MSA (n = 597) or fundoplication (n = 7285). MSA patients were younger (51 vs 57, p < 0.001), and more often male (49.6 vs 34.3%, p < 0.001). While patients undergoing MSA experienced similar rates of reoperation (1.0 vs 2.0%, p = 0.095), they experienced fewer readmissions (2.2 vs 4.7%, p = 0.005), complications (0.6 vs 4.0%, p < 0.001), shorter mean (SD) hospital length of stay(days) (0.4 ± 4.3 vs 1.8 ± 4.6, p < 0.001) and operative time(min) (80.8 ± 36.1 vs 118.7 ± 63.7, p < 0.001). Mortality was similar between groups (0 vs 0.3%, p = 0.175). On multivariable analysis, MSA was independently associated with reduced postoperative complications (OR 0.23, CI 0.08 to 0.61, p = 0.002), readmissions (OR 0.53, CI 0.30 to 0.94, p = 0.02), operative time (RC − 36.56, CI − 41.62 to − 31.49. p < 0.001) and length of stay (RC − 1.22, CI − 1.61 to − 0.84 p < 0.001).

Conclusion
In this national database study, compared to fundoplication MSA was associated with reduced postoperative complications, fewer readmissions, and shorter operative time and hospital length of stay. While randomized trials are lacking between MSA and fundoplication, both institutional and national database studies continue to support the use of MSA as a safe anti-reflux operation.
Anterior gastric wall anastomosis may lead to lower rate of delayed gastric emptying after minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Uzun Eren , d’Amore Alberto , Berlth Felix , Mann Carolina , Tagkalos Evangelos , Hadzijusufovic Edin , Lang Hauke , Grimminger Peter Philipp 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
In minimally invasive esophagectomy, a circular stapled anastomosis is common, but no evidence exists investigating the role of the specific localization of the anastomosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of an esophagogastrostomy on the anterior or posterior wall of the gastric conduit on the postoperative outcomes.

Material and methods
All oncologic minimally invasive Ivor Lewis procedures, performed between 2017 and 2022, were included in this study. The cohort was divided in two groups: a) intrathoracic esophagogastrostomy on the anterior gastric wall of the conduit (ANT, n = 285, 65%) and b) on the posterior gastric wall (POST, n = 154, 35%). Clinicopathological parameters and short-term outcomes were compared between both groups by retrieving data from the prospective database.

Results
Overall, 439 patients were included, baseline characteristics were similar in both groups, there was a higher proportion of squamous cell carcinoma in ANT (22.8% vs. 16.2%, P = 0.043). A higher rate of robotic-assisted procedures was observed in ANT (71.2% vs. 49.4%). Anastomotic leakage rate was similar in both groups (ANT 10.4% vs. POST 9.8%, P = 0.851). Overall complication rate and Clavien–Dindo > 3 complication rates were higher in POST compared to ANT: 53.2% vs. 40% (P = 0.008) and 36.9% vs. 25.7% (P = 0.014), respectively. The rate of delayed gastric emptying (20.1% vs. 7.4%, P < 0.001) and nosocomial pneumonia (22.1% vs. 14.8%, P = 0.05) was significantly higher in POST.

Conclusion
Patients undergoing minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy with an intrathoracic circular stapled anastomosis may benefit from esophagogastrostomy on the anterior wall of the gastric conduit, in terms of lower rate of delayed gastric emptying.