bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forestillinger om lykke
Authors: Storm Ida , From Ditte-Marie 
Published: October 2023

Denne artikel undersøger forestillinger om lykke i moderskabet. I Danmark screenes ny- bagte mødre for depression to måneder efter fødslen. Hvis de scorer lavere end cut-off værdien for depression, men tilstrækkeligt højt til at indikere mistrivsel, så udløser det i flere kommuner tilbud om støttegrupper for mødre med efterfødselsreaktioner. Artiklen er baseret på analyser af seks kvalitative interview med mødre, der alle har deltaget i sådanne støttegrupper. De præsenterede analyser fremstiller mødrenes forventninger til det normale moderskab som karakteriseres ved lykke, sundhed og kontrol – egenskaber som mødrene idealiserer og efterstræber. Mødrenes fortællinger disku- teres i forhold til normen om det lykkelige mo- derskab og de afvigerpositioner, som normen samtidig udstikker.
Analyserne er teoretisk inspireret af kulturforsker Sara Ahmeds lykkeforskning. De er formet af en kulturelt betinget forestilling om, at lykke i dag konstrueres og betragtes som den vellykkede selvstyrings effekt og belønning. Fra dette perspektiv belyser artiklen de ikke-lykkelige mødres selvbebrejdelser, ek- sempelvis i form af skyld og skam over deres mistrivsel.
Denne mangel på trivsel analyseres gennem Mitchell Deans perspektiv på refleksiv styring og Erving Goffmans teorier om illegitime identiteter og front stage performance.

Artiklen udleder subjektpositioner som er tilgængelige for de kvinder, der oplever lykken som helt eller delvist fraværende i deres moderskab, og undersøger hvordan disse kvin- der positionerer sig for at tilpasse sig kulturelt betingede forventninger om moderlykke. Analyserne belyser, hvordan normen om det lykkelige moderskab afføder afvigerpositioner for de ikke-lykkelige mødre. Disse mødre frygter eksklusion fra de normale mødres fællesskab – et fællesskab, der associeres med samfundets mere velstillede lag. En afvigelse fra normen om det lykkelige moderskab forbinder sig så- ledes også med frygten for social devaluering.
Derfor har mødrene tendens til at skjule deres mistrivsel for omverdenen, enten gennem social isolation eller skuespil, ved at spille rollen som lykkelig mor i hverdagslivets sociale møder.
Som et overordnet resultat præsenterer denne artikel et nyt styringsperspektiv: performance of conduct – som et bidrag til de eksisterende analyser af selvstyring i vestlige samfund. Mødrene skjuler deres afvigelse ved at udføre selvstyringens skuespil for at overbevise omverdenen om deres normalitet og værd som mødre. Denne lykke-performance kan vanskeliggøre muligheden for at opdage og tilbyde støtte til de ikke-lykkelige mødre, hvis de kæmper med mistrivsel, selvbebrejdelse og skam i det skjulte. Samtidig forhindrer disse lykke-performances en mere omfattende udfordring af det lykkelige moderskab som norm.
Promoter from Chinese hamster elongation factor-1a gene and Epstein-Barr virus terminal repeats concatemer fragment maintain stable high-level expression of recombinant proteins
Authors: Sinegubova Maria V. , Orlova Nadezhda A. , Vorobiev Ivan I. 
Published: October 2023

Background
The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line is the main host for the high-titer production of therapeutic and diagnostic proteins in the biopharmaceutical industry. In most cases, plasmids for efficient protein expression in CHO cells are based on the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. The autologous Chinese hamster eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1α (EEF1A1) promoter is a viable alternative to the CMV promoter in industrial applications. The EEF1A1 promoter and its surrounding DNA regions proved to be effective at maintaining high-level and stable expression of recombinant proteins in CHO cells. EEF1A1-based plasmids’ large size can lead to low transfection efficiency and hamper target gene amplification. We hypothesized that an efficient EEF1A1-based expression vector with a long terminal repeat fragment from the Epstein-Barr virus (EBVTR) could be truncated without affecting promoter strength or the long-term stability of target gene expression.

Methods
We made a series of deletions in the downstream flanking region of the EEF1A1 gene, and then in its upstream flanking region. The resulting plasmids, which coded for the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), were tested for the level of eGFP expression in the populations of stably transfected CHO DG44 cells and the stability of eGFP expression in the long-term culture in the absence of selection agents.

Results
It was shown that in the presence of the EBVTR fragment, the entire downstream flanking region of the EEF1A1 gene could be excluded from the plasmid vector. Shortening of the upstream flanking region of the EEF1A1 gene to a length of 2.5 kbp also had no significant effect on the level of eGFP expression or long-term stability. The EBVTR fragment significantly increased expression stability for both the CMV and EEF1A1 promoter-based plasmids, and the expression level drop during the two-month culture was more significant for both CMV promoter-based plasmids.

Conclusion
Target protein expression stability for the truncated plasmid, based on the EEF1A1 gene and EBVTR fragment, is sufficient for common biopharmaceutical applications, making these plasmid vectors a viable alternative to conventional CMV promoter-based vectors.
Categorization of a Universal Coding System to Distinguish Use of Durable Medical Equipment and Supplies in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hotz Arda , Sprecher Eli , Bastianelli Lucia , Rodean Jonathan , Stringfellow Isabel , Barkoudah Elizabeth , Cohen Laurie E. , Estrada Carlos , Graham Robert , Greenwood Jonathan , Kyle Jennifer , Mann Nina , Pinkham Maria , Solari Toni , Rosen Rachel , Saleeb Susan , Shah Ankoor S. , Watters Karen , Wells Sarah , Berry Jay G. 
Published: October 2023

ImportanceAlthough durable medical equipment and supplies (DMES) are commonly used to optimize the health and function in pediatric patients, little is known about the prevalence of use and spending on DMES.ObjectiveTo categorize the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) for distinguishing DMES types, and to measure the prevalence and related spending of DMES in pediatric patients using Medicaid.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis study is a cross-sectional analysis of the 2018 Merative Medicaid Database and included 4 569 473 pediatric patients aged 0 to 21 years enrolled in Medicaid in 12 US states from January 1 to December 31, 2018. Data were analyzed from February 2019 to April 2023.ExposureDMES exposure was identified with the Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services HCPCS codes. Three pediatricians categorized HCPCS DMES codes submitted by vendors for reimbursement of dispensed DMES into DMES types and end-organ systems; 15 expert reviewers refined the categorization (2576 DMES codes, 164 DMES types, 14 organ systems).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was DMES prevalence &amp;amp; Medicaid spending. The χ2 test was used to compare DMES prevalence and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare per-member-per-year (PMPY) spending by complex chronic conditions (CCC).ResultsOf the 4 569 473 patients in the study cohort, 49.3% were female and 56.1% were aged 5 to 15 years. Patients used 133 of 164 (81.1%) DMES types. The DMES prevalence was 17.1% (95% CI, 17.0%-17.2%) ranging from 10.1% (95% CI, 10.0%-10.2%) in patients with no chronic condition to 60.9% (95% CI, 60.8%-61.0%) for patients with 2 or more CCCs. The PMPY DMES spending was $593, ranging from $349 for no chronic condition to $4253 for 2 or more CCCs. Lens (7.9%), vision frames (6.2%), and orthotics for orthopedic injury (0.8%) were the most common DME in patients with no chronic condition. Enteral tube / feeding supplies (19.8%), diapers (19.2%), lower extremity orthotics (12.3%), wheelchair (9.6%), oxygen (9.0%), and urinary catheter equipment (4.2%) were among the most common DMES in children with 2 or more CCCs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, HCPCS distinguished a variety of DME types and use across pediatric populations. Further investigation should assess the utility of the HCPCS DMES categorization with efforts to optimize the quality and safety of DMES use.
A marsh multimodel approach to inform future marsh management under accelerating sea‐level rise
Authors: Mitchell Molly , Nunez Karinna , Herman Julie , Tombleson Christine , Mason Pam 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Accelerating sea‐level rise combined with the stresses of human land use threatens the persistence of tidal marshes. The proper management of existing marshes and the conservation of lands for marsh migration require a synthesis of factors affecting future marsh evolution.

There are a number of existing marsh models, with different parameters and run at different scales, that can assist in this type of assessment. However, as with many models forecasting future conditions, there is no clearly identified ‘best’ model and they all perform slightly differently across different scenarios and with different suites of available data inputs.

In this paper, we worked with local and regional managers to inform the development of an ensemble methodology that uses results from multiple marsh models in conjunction with social, land use and environmental data to inform marsh management, conservation and restoration under sea‐level rise.

The methodology was developed and tested in three locations in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay, United States, using existing marsh migration models already run throughout the Bay. Stakeholder groups of local decision makers and a steering committee composed of regional managers were engaged in the process to ensure that the resulting methodology met current management needs.

The need for a multimodel approach to identifying marsh migration pathways was supported by the marsh migration comparison done during methodology development which showed disparate results from multiple marsh migration models. Five existing marsh model outputs were combined into a single Marsh Migration Corridor Envelope (MMCE), which encompasses the potential area of current upland expected to become marsh under a selected sea‐level rise scenario.

Within the identified MMCE, land covers were assessed for suitability for marsh support and the socio‐economic context of the parcels of land was considered. Last, the current condition of existing marsh on the properties was assessed to determine preservation activities that can increase their longevity. Together, these pieces of information inform a physical and sociological understanding of tidal marshes that can allow for a management framework that incorporates both current and future concerns.
T1−/T2‐weighted ratio reveals no alterations to gray matter myelination in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Denis Colin , Dabbs Kevin , Nair Veena A. , Mathis Jedidiah , Almane Dace N. , Lakshmanan Akshayaa , Nencka Andrew , Birn Rasmus M. , Conant Lisa , Humphries Colin , Felton Elizabeth , Raghavan Manoj , DeYoe Edgar A. , Binder Jeffrey R. , Hermann Bruce , Prabhakaran Vivek , Bendlin Barbara B. , Meyerand Mary E. , Boly Mélanie , Struck Aaron F. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractShort‐range functional connectivity in the limbic network is increased in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and recent studies have shown that cortical myelin content correlates with fMRI connectivity. We thus hypothesized that myelin may increase progressively in the epileptic network. We compared T1w/T2w gray matter myelin maps between TLE patients and age‐matched controls and assessed relationships between myelin and aging. While both TLE patients and healthy controls exhibited increased T1w/T2w intensity with age, we found no evidence for significant group‐level aberrations in overall myelin content or myelin changes through time in TLE.
Fixed‐time tracking control of manipulators based on a fast variable power reaching law
Authors: Li Dan , Chen Ming , Li Yingsen , Peng Kaixiang , Wu Libing 
Published: October 2023

SummaryAs for the problem of trajectory tracking of a two‐joint series manipulator, a novel fixed‐time control scheme is proposed based on non‐singular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) control and a fast variable power reaching law. The innovation of the proposed method is: (1) by employing the NFTSM surface, we solve the singularity problem existed in traditional terminal sliding mode surface. (2) The convergence rate is increased by 50% by the combination of fixed‐time control and NFTSM surface control. (3) A new fast variable power reaching law is presented, which combines the advantages of the double power reaching law and the fast power reaching law, and it effectively improves the reaching rate and reduces the amplitude by 40–60 N m. Theoretical analysis proves that the better tracking performance is obtained, and its convergence time upper limit is not affected by the initial states of the system. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of our controller are verified through a numerical simulation.
Photocatalytic Regioselective Hydrofunctionalization of 1,4‐Diaryl‐1,3‐butadienes Using O‐, N‐, and C‐Nucleophiles
Authors: Hirata Tsubasa , Ikegami Ayumi , Hatano Manabu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe hydrofunctionalization of 1,3‐dienes is a challenging task especially with respect to controlling the regioselectivity of the corresponding adducts. Although various hydrofunctionalization approaches have already been developed, nucleophiles are often unselectively introduced at the C1‐ and C2‐positions of 1,3‐dienes. Here, we report a new methodology for the photocatalytic regioselective hydrofunctionalization of 1,4‐diaryl‐1,3‐butadienes in the presence of a photocatalyst under blue LED irradiation. O‐, N‐, and C‐nucleophiles are regioselectively introduced at the C1‐position of 1,4‐diaryl‐1,3‐butadienes to furnish the corresponding allylic (1,4‐adducts) and homoallylic (1,2‐adducts) derivatives as the major products. Moreover, the resultant mixture of 1,4‐adducts and 1,2‐adducts can be convergently transformed into a single reduced compound via hydrogenation.
Substrates and Cyclic Peptide Inhibitors of the Oligonucleotide‐Activated Sirtuin 7**
Authors: Bolding Julie E. , Nielsen Alexander L. , Jensen Iben , Hansen Tobias N. , Ryberg Line A. , Jameson Samuel T. , Harris Pernille , Peters Günther H. J. , Denu John M. , Rogers Joseph M. , Olsen Christian A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe sirtuins are NAD+‐dependent lysine deacylases, comprising seven isoforms (SIRT1–7) in humans, which are involved in the regulation of a plethora of biological processes, including gene expression and metabolism. The sirtuins share a common hydrolytic mechanism but display preferences for different ϵ‐N‐acyllysine substrates. SIRT7 deacetylates targets in nuclei and nucleoli but remains one of the lesser studied of the seven isoforms, in part due to a lack of chemical tools to specifically probe SIRT7 activity. Here we expressed SIRT7 and, using small‐angle X‐ray scattering, reveal SIRT7 to be a monomeric enzyme with a low degree of globular flexibility in solution. We developed a fluorogenic assay for investigation of the substrate preferences of SIRT7 and to evaluate compounds that modulate its activity. We report several mechanism‐based SIRT7 inhibitors as well as de novo cyclic peptide inhibitors selected from mRNA‐display library screening that exhibit selectivity for SIRT7 over other sirtuin isoforms, stabilize SIRT7 in cells, and cause an increase in the acetylation of H3 K18.
Visual search strategies of performance monitoring used in action anticipation of basketball players
Authors: Li Yawei , Feng Tian , Zhang Fuchun , Asgher Umer , Yan Bingbing , Peng Tianyu 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIntroductionNumerous studies have found that expert players anticipate better than novices. If more accurate prediction represents performance monitoring of experts, what are the advantages of elite basketball players in identifying and processing available cues? There is still a lack of sufficient evidence. This study examined the visual search in basketball players and explored the performance monitoring of action anticipation, adopting an expert–novice paradigm and eye‐movement technology.MethodsForty basketball players were recruited in this study: 20 in the expert group and 20 in the novice group. Participants were asked to predict the outcome of videotaped basketball throws and their accuracy and eye‐movement characteristics were record.ResultsThe accuracy of the expert was significantly higher than that of the novice. The experts were able to instantly search and identify important cues in anticipation, and the gaze area of the experts was concentrated on the area of interest of the body. Additionally, the expert group showed long, repetitive, and rapid visual search of vital information, and improved their performance of the task.ConclusionThe experts could monitor the performance of prediction by grabbing vital shooting information (such as the body of a player). The results suggest the athletes and coaches that if they want to improve the ability of prediction, it may be useful to shift their focus of attention from ball trajectory to body action.
ThermoBRET: A Ligand‐Engagement Nanoscale Thermostability Assay Applied to GPCRs**
Authors: Hoare Bradley L. , Tippett David N. , Kaur Amandeep , Cullum Sean A. , Miljuš Tamara , Koers Eline J. , Harwood Clare R. , Dijon Nicola , Holliday Nicholas D. , Sykes David A. , Veprintsev Dmitry B. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMeasurements of membrane protein thermostability reflect ligand binding. Current thermostability assays often require protein purification or rely on pre‐existing radiolabelled or fluorescent ligands, limiting their application to established targets. Alternative methods, such as fluorescence‐detection size exclusion chromatography thermal shift, detect protein aggregation but are not amenable to high‐throughput screening. Here, we present a ThermoBRET method to quantify the relative thermostability of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), using cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and the β2‐adrenoceptor (β2AR) as model systems. ThermoBRET reports receptor unfolding, does not need labelled ligands and can be used with non‐purified proteins. It uses Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) between Nanoluciferase (Nluc) and a thiol‐reactive fluorescent dye that binds cysteines exposed by unfolding. We demonstrate that the melting point (Tm) of Nluc‐fused GPCRs can be determined in non‐purified detergent solubilised membrane preparations or solubilised whole cells, revealing differences in thermostability for different solubilising conditions and in the presence of stabilising ligands. We extended the range of the assay by developing the thermostable tsNLuc by incorporating mutations from the fragments of split‐Nluc (Tm of 87 °C versus 59 °C). ThermoBRET allows the determination of GPCR thermostability, which is useful for protein purification optimisation and drug discovery screening.
Unlocking The Mysteries of DNA Adducts with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Arora Sakshi , Satija Shiva , Mittal Aayushi , Solanki Saveena , Mohanty Sanjay Kumar , Srivastava Vaibhav , Sengupta Debarka , Rout Diptiranjan , Arul Murugan Natarajan , Borkar Roshan M. , Ahuja Gaurav 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCellular genome is considered a dynamic blueprint of a cell since it encodes genetic information that gets temporally altered due to various endogenous and exogenous insults. Largely, the extent of genomic dynamicity is controlled by the trade‐off between DNA repair processes and the genotoxic potential of the causative agent (genotoxins or potential carcinogens). A subset of genotoxins form DNA adducts by covalently binding to the cellular DNA, triggering structural or functional changes that lead to significant alterations in cellular processes via genetic (e. g., mutations) or non‐genetic (e. g., epigenome) routes. Identification, quantification, and characterization of DNA adducts are indispensable for their comprehensive understanding and could expedite the ongoing efforts in predicting carcinogenicity and their mode of action. In this review, we elaborate on using Artificial Intelligence (AI)‐based modeling in adducts biology and present multiple computational strategies to gain advancements in decoding DNA adducts. The proposed AI‐based strategies encompass predictive modeling for adduct formation via metabolic activation, novel adducts’ identification, prediction of biochemical routes for adduct formation, adducts’ half‐life predictions within biological ecosystems, and, establishing methods to predict the link between adducts chemistry and its location within the genomic DNA. In summary, we discuss some futuristic AI‐based approaches in DNA adduct biology.
Expression assay of the COLQ in a family with congenital myasthenic syndrome and symptomatic carriers
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Farid , Fateh Sahand Tehrani , Aghajani Hadi , Bahramy Afshin , Zaheryani Seyed Mohammad Salar , Behroozi Javad , Kahani Seyyed Mohammad , Mohammadi Pouria , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical MessageCongenital myasthenic syndromes‐5 (CMS5) is a rare autosomal recessive heterogeneous disorder, caused by pathogenic variants in the COLQ that lead to skeletal muscle weakness and abnormal fatigability. The onset is usually from birth to childhood. Disease‐causing variants in the collagen‐like tail subunit are the most explained etiology in synaptic CMS, causing defected acetylcholinesterase. In this study whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed in an affected boy with muscle weakness, ophthalmoplegia, and bilateral ptosis and gene expression assay by qRT‐PCR was performed in entire family. A homozygous nonsense variant in the COLQ [NM_005677.4:c.679C>T], (p.Arg227Ter) was identified in the proband. Segregation analysis by Sanger sequencing confirmed the homozygous state in the proband and heterozygous state in his parents and four of the siblings. The mRNA expression level in the proband was 0.02 of a healthy person, and in the carriers were 0.42 of a healthy person. This study presents an Iranian family with two affected children and eight symptomatic carriers with attenuated mRNA expression. This study provides evidence that carriers of the COLQ disease‐causing variants could become symptomatic with some yet unknown pathogenesis mechanism and underscore the importance of further investigations to elucidate this mechanism.
Preclinical Evaluation of Zn(II) Self‐Assemblies with Selective Cytotoxic Activity Against Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Ovo
Authors: Allison Simon J. , Ashton Gage P. , Lynch Hannah J. , Shire Bethany R. , Phillips Roger M. , Parkes Gareth M. B. , Pinder Emma , Rice Craig R. , Teixeira Ana A. M. , Volleman Tibo , Wordsworth Daisy A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDipodal pyridylthiazole amine ligands L1 and L2 both form different metallo‐supramolecular self‐assemblies with Zn2+ and Cu2+ and these are shown to be toxic and selective towards cancer cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, potency and selectivity are highly dependent upon the metal ions, ligand system and bound anion, with significant changes in chemosensitivity and selectivity dependent upon which species are employed. Importantly, significant anti‐tumor activity was observed in ovo at doses that are non‐toxic.