bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performances of Nonhyperemic Pressure Ratios and Coronary Angiography-Based Fractional Flow Reserve against conventional Wire-Based Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Li Weijia , Takahashi Tatsunori , Sehatbakhsh Samineh , Parikh Manish A. , Garcia-Garcia Hector M. , Fearon William F. , Kobayashi Yuhei 
Published: December 2023

Background
Nonhyperemic pressure ratios (NHPRs) have been proposed as alternatives to fractional flow reserve (FFR) without induction of hyperemia. More recently, imaging based-FFR estimation, especially coronary angiography-derived FFR (Angio-FFR) measurement, is proposed to estimate wire-based FFR. However, little is known about the diagnostic performance of these indices against conventional FFR.

Aims
We aimed to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of both NHPRs and coronary Angio-FFR against wire-based conventional FFR.

Methods

PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched for peer-reviewed original articles up to 08/2022. The primary outcomes were the pooled sensitivity and specificity as well as the area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver-operating characteristic curve of those indices.

Results
A total of 6693 records were identified after a literature search, including 37 reports for NHPRs and 34 for Angio-FFR. Overall, NHPRs have a lower diagnostic performance in estimating wire-based FFR with an AUC of 0.85 (0.81, 0.88) when compared with Angio-FFR of 0.95 (0.93, 0.97). When all four modalities of NHPRs (iFR, Pd/Pa, DPR, RFR) were compared, those had overlapping AUCs without major differences among each other. Similarly, when the two most commonly used Angio-FFR (QFR, FFRangio) were compared, those had overlapping AUCs without major differences among each other.

Conclusion
Angio-FFR may offer a better estimation of wire-based FFR than NHPRs. Our results support a wider use of Angio-FFR in the cardiac catheterization laboratory to streamline our workflow for coronary physiologic assessment.

Classifications:
FFR,, stable ischemic disease and non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome.
Oh, My Gut! New insights on the role of the gastrointestinal tract and the gut microbiome in chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder
Authors: Mirmohammadali Seyedeh Nooshan , Gallant Kathleen M. Hill , Biruete Annabel 
Published: December 2023

Purpose of review
The aim of this review is to highlight recent evidence on the role of the gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiome on chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) outcomes, including intestinal phosphorus absorption and sensing, and the effect of gut-oriented therapies.

Recent findings
Recent evidence has revealed a complex interplay among mineral metabolism and novel gut-related factors, including paracellular intestinal phosphate absorption, the gut microbiome, and the immune system, prompting a reevaluation of treatment approaches for CKD-MBD. The inhibition of NHE3 limits phosphate transport in the intestine and may lead to changes in the gut microbiome. A study in rats with CKD showed that the supplementation of the fermentable dietary inulin delayed CKD-MBD, lowering circulating phosphorus and parathyroid hormone, reducing bone remodeling and improving cortical parameters, and lowering cardiovascular calcifications. In non-CKD preclinical studies, probiotics and prebiotics improved bone formation mediated through the effect of butyrate facilitating the differentiation of T cells into Tregs, and Tregs stimulating the osteogenic Wnt10b, and butyrate was also necessary for the parathyroid hormone (PTH) bone effects.

Summary
Recent findings support multiple possible roles for gut-oriented therapies in addressing CKD-MBD prevention and management that should be further explored through clinical and translational studies.
A case report of Cronkhite–Canada syndrome first encounterd at a hospital in northern Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Long Cong , Thi Pham Thuy , Nguyen Tung Thanh , Nguyen Nam Hoai , Van Kieu Tuan , Anh Do Giang , Thi-Ngoc Doan Ha , Van Tran Chuong , Vu Nhung Thi 
Published: December 2023

Introduction and importance:
Cronkhite–Canada syndrome (CCS) is an extremely rare non-inherited syndrome first described in 1955 with only about 500 more cases reported so far. Since the aetiology of the disease remains unknown, there were no specific treatments in consensus. In many countries, CCS is a completely new condition that may confuse physicians at first encounter. Lessons should be learned from these cases by gastrointestinal specialists to be aware of this condition in any circumstances.

Case presentation:
The authors reported a case study of a 45-year-old Vietnamese male with CCS diagnosis, which encountered at our centre for the first time.

Clinical discussion:
The definitive diagnosis was provided by combining clinical characteristics, and endoscopic and histopathologic features, after excluding other causes of gastrointestinal polyposis. The patient responds to corticosteroids, proton pump inhibitors, and nutritional support right after treatment. After 1 year of treatment, his symptoms ameliorated completely although colon polyps insignificantly reduced.

Conclusion:
Gastroenterologists should always be aware of patients with CCS with the following symptoms: gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps, diarrhoea, and the dermatologic triad of alopecia, hyperpigmentation, and onychodystrophy.
Intraoesophageal pressure in patients receiving proximal gastrectomy with hinged double flap method for gastric cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Saeki Yoshihiro , Tanabe Kazuaki , Ota Hiroshi , Chikuie Emi , Takemoto Yuki , Karakuchi Nozomi , Miura Osamu , Toyama Eiichiro , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: December 2023

Background:
Objective functional assessment of esophagogastric anastomosis in patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy with the hinged double flap method for gastric cancer has not been well investigated. This study aimed to perform a functional analysis of reconstruction using high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM).

Materials and methods:
The authors enroled 25 patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer between May 2015 and April 2020 and subsequently underwent HRIM postoperatively. Eligible questionnaires [Postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale-37 (PGSAS-37)] were retrieved from 16 patients. The association between HRIM data and PGSAS-37 was analyzed.

Results:
The amplitudes of distal oesophageal peristaltic waves, contractile front velocity, and distal latency assessed by HRIM were almost normal after surgery. Most patient’s lower oesophageal sphincter (LES) resting pressure created by the hinged double flap was within normal limits. Conversely, LES residual pressure values during swallowing-induced relaxation were abnormally high in most patients, and the lower the values, the more severe the reflux and diarrhoea symptoms (P=0.038, P=0.041, respectively). In addition, even when the integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) was normal, lower values corresponded to more severe reflux symptoms (P=0.020). The required LES pressure may be higher after proximal gastrectomy because of the relatively higher intragastric pressure due to the reduced volume of the remnant stomach. This also suggests that swallowing-induced relaxation of the LES was considered a trigger for oesophageal reflux in post-proximal gastrectomy patients.

Conclusion:
LES residual pressure and IRP values in HRIM correlated with reflux symptoms in patients after proximal gastrectomy.
Neonatal Chylothorax and Early Fluid Overload After Cardiac Surgery: Retrospective Analysis of the Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network Registry (2015–2018)*
Authors: Brandewie Katie , Alten Jeffrey , Winder Melissa , Mah Kenneth , Holmes Kathryn , Reichle Garrett , Smith Andrew , Zang Huaiyu , Bailly David 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the association between postoperative cumulative fluid balance (FB) and development of chylothorax in neonates after cardiac surgery.

DESIGN:
Multicenter, retrospective cohort identified within the Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network (NEPHRON) Registry.

SETTING:
Twenty-two hospitals were involved with NEPHRON, from September 2015 to January 2018.

PATIENTS:
Neonates (< 30 d old) undergoing index cardiac operation with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) entered into the NEPHRON Registry. Postoperative chylothorax was defined in the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium as lymphatic fluid in the pleural space secondary to a leak from the thoracic duct or its branches.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Of the 2240 NEPHRON patients, 4% (n = 89) were treated for chylothorax during postoperative day (POD) 2–21. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) time to diagnosis was 8 (IQR 6, 12) days. Of patients treated for chylothorax, 81 of 89 (91%) had CPB and 68 of 89 (76%) had Society of Thoracic Surgeons–European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery Congenital Heart Surgery 4–5 operations. On bivariate analysis, chylothorax patients had higher POD 1 FB (3.2 vs. 1.1%, p = 0.014), higher cumulative POD 2 FB (1.5 vs. –1.5%, p < 0.001), achieved negative daily FB by POD 1 less often (69% vs. 79%, p = 0.039), and had lower POD 1 urine output (1.9 vs. 3. 2 mL/kg/day, p ≤ 0.001) than those without chylothorax. We failed to identify an association between presence or absence of chylothorax and peak FB (5.2 vs. 4.9%, p = 0.9). Multivariable analysis shows that higher cumulative FB on POD 2 was associated with greater odds (odds ratio [OR], 95% CI) of chylothorax development (OR 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1–2.2]). Further multivariable analysis shows that chylothorax was independently associated with greater odds of longer durations of mechanical ventilation (OR 5.5 [95% CI, 3.7–8.0]), respiratory support (OR 4.3 [95% CI, 2.9–6.2]), use of inotropic support (OR 2.9 [95% CI, 2.0–4.3]), and longer hospital length of stay (OR 3.7 [95% CI, 2.5–5.4]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Chylothorax after neonatal cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) is independently associated with greater odds of longer duration of cardiorespiratory support and hospitalization. Higher early (POD 2) cumulative FB is associated with greater odds of chylothorax. Contemporary, prospective studies are needed to assess whether early fluid mitigation strategies decrease postoperative chylothorax development.
New Functional Impairment After Hospital Discharge by Traumatic Brain Injury Mechanism in Younger Than 3 Years Old Admitted to the PICU in a Single Center Retrospective Study
Authors: McNamara Caitlin R. , Kalinowski Anne , Horvat Christopher M. , Gaines Barbara A. , Richardson Ward M. , Simon Dennis W. , Kochanek Patrick M. , Berger Rachel P. , Fink Ericka L. 
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Children who suffer traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at high risk of morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that in patients with TBI, the abusive head trauma (AHT) mechanism vs. accidental TBI (aTBI) would be associated with higher frequency of new functional impairment between baseline and later follow-up.

DESIGN:
Retrospective single center cohort study.

SETTING AND PATIENTS:
Children younger than 3 years old admitted with TBI to the PICU at a level 1 trauma center between 2014 and 2019.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Patient characteristics, TBI mechanism, and Functional Status Scale (FSS) scores at baseline, hospital discharge, short-term (median, 10 mo [interquartile range 3–12 mo]), and long-term (median, 4 yr [3–6 yr]) postdischarge were abstracted from the electronic health record. New impairment was defined as an increase in FSS greater than 1 from baseline. Patients who died were assigned the highest score (30). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between TBI mechanism with new impairment. Over 6 years, there were 460 TBI children (170 AHT, 290 aTBI), of which 13 with AHT and four with aTBI died. Frequency of new impairment by follow-up interval, in AHT vs. aTBI patients, were as follows: hospital discharge (42/157 [27%] vs. 27/286 [9%]; p < 0.001), short-term (42/153 [27%] vs. 26/259 [10%]; p < 0.001), and long-term (32/114 [28%] vs. 18/178 [10%]; p < 0.001). Sensory, communication, and motor domains were worse in AHT patients at the short- and long-term timepoint. On multivariable analysis, AHT mechanism was associated with greater odds (odds ratio [95% CI]) of poor outcome (death and new impairment) at hospital discharge (4.4 [2.2–8.9]), short-term (2.7 [1.5–4.9]), and long-term timepoints (2.4 [1.2–4.8]; p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients younger than 3 years old admitted to the PICU after TBI, the AHT mechanism—vs. aTBI—is associated with greater odds of poor outcome in the follow-up period through to ~5 years postdischarge. New impairment occurred in multiple domains and only AHT patients further declined in FSS over time.
Microbe Profile: The Lactobacillaceae
Authors: Walter Jens , O'Toole Paul W. 
Published: December 2023

Graphical abstract
Phylogeny, host association and genome size in the

Lactobacillaceae

. The phylogenetic tree of 287 unique species and 15 strains with unassigned species was built using concatenated alignment of amino acid sequences of core genes, produced by SCARAP (https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00264-19) as an input into IQ-TREE2 (https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/37/5/1530/5721363) with model parameters are described in []. Coloured branches represent species divisions established in []. Coloured taxon labels indicate major clades and recently established genera. The solid circles by the species names represent genome sizes. The coloured bands on the outer ring indicate the typical habitat based on data in [].
Advancing Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Sunflower: key factors of VIGS spreading and a novel simple protocol
Authors: Mardini Majd , Kazancev Mikhail , Ivoilova Elina , Utkina Victoria , Vlasova Anastasia , Demurin Yakov , Soloviev Alexander , Kirov Ilya 
Published: December 2023

AbstractVirus-Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) is a versatile tool in plant science, yet its application to non-model species like sunflower demands extensive optimization due to transformation challenges. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the factors that significantly affect the efficiency of Agrobacterium-VIGS in sunflowers. After reaffirming a number of approaches, we concluded that the seed vacuum technique followed by 6 h of co-cultivation produced the most efficient VIGS results. Genotype-dependency analysis revealed varying infection percentages (62-91%) and silencing symptom spreading in different sunflower genotypes. Additionally, we explored the mobility of tobacco rattle virus (TRV) and phenotypic silencing manifestation (photo-bleaching) across different tissues and regions of VIGS-infected sunflower plants. We showed the presence of TRV is not necessarily limited to tissues with observable silencing events. Finally, time-lapse observation demonstrated a more active spreading of the photo-bleached spots in young tissues compared to mature ones. This study not only offers a robust VIGS protocol for sunflowers but also provides valuable insights into genotype-dependent responses and the dynamic nature of silencing events, shedding light on TRV mobility across different plant tissues.
Sperm competition favours intermediate sperm size in a hermaphrodite
Authors: Santhosh Santhosh , Ebert Dieter , Janicke Tim 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSperm competition is a potent mechanism of post-copulatory sexual selection that has been found to shape reproductive morphologies and behaviours in promiscuous animals. Especially sperm size has been argued to evolve in response to sperm competition through its effect on sperm longevity, sperm motility, the ability to displace competing sperm and ultimately fertilization success. Additionally, sperm size has been observed to co-evolve with female reproductive morphology. Theoretical work predicts that sperm competition may select for longer sperm but may also favour shorter sperm if sperm size trades off with number. In this study, we studied the relationship between sperm size and post-mating success in the free-living flatworm,Macrostomum lignano. Specifically, we used inbred isolines ofM. lignanothat varied in sperm size to investigate how sperm size translated into the ability of worms to transfer and deposit sperm in a mating partner. Our results revealed a hump-shaped relationship with individuals producing sperm of intermediate size having highest sperm competitiveness. This finding broadens our understanding of the evolution of sperm morphology by providing empirical support for stabilizing selection on sperm size under sperm competition.
Elite athletes and sports training during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mini review
Authors: Musa Danladi Ibrahim , Toriola Abel Lamina , Bamidele Benson Babatunde , Lawal Badamasi , Sunday Abu , Toriola Oluwatoyin O. , Ahmed Jimoh Monay , David Adams 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had devastating impact on sporting activities, education and global health. Given the impact of the pandemic-related restrictions and closed fitness centers and other sports facilities, the coping strategies adopted by athletes while training at home to continue their training remain an important question. The purpose of this review is to examine the findings of key studies focusing on the impact of the pandemic on sport training.Design/methodology/approachA review was conducted on Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed to identify articles on physical activity and sport training during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eligibility criteria included peer-reviewed empirical and quantitative studies. The selected articles were reviewed using contextual analysis.FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic had devastating impact on sports activities globally. Studies evaluating the influence of the pandemic on sports training have revealed abysmal decline in training volume and general physical fitness, limited access to facilities and equipment and significant reduction in training load. The damage of the pandemic on the sporting world should serve as a guide for proactive steps that should be taken to prevent recurrence of a similar calamity.Originality/valueThis paper highlights important lessons to be learned from the lockdown imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic by stakeholders in sport, including the importance of improvisation of sports facilities by utilizing available spaces at home and neighborhood for physical training.
Influenza vaccine uptake and its determinants among adult population in the Kingdom of Bahrain: a cross-sectional study to identify areas for intervention
Authors: Alzayani Salman , Al Sedran Mohammed , Aburowais Safa , Hammad Jumana , Almuaili Noora , Alkawari Shaikha , Bureshaid Rayan , Almalki Muhannad , Almarabheh Amer , Ben Salah Afif 
Published: December 2023

PurposeSeasonal influenza epidemics accounted for significant morbidity and mortality loads worldwide despite the availability of a safe vaccine as an efficient tool against severity of the disease. However, the uptake of the latter was sub-optimal. This study aims to identify predictors and barriers related to seasonal influenza vaccine uptake in the Kingdom of Bahrain.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study enrolled 502 individuals attending primary healthcare centers in Bahrain for ambulatory care between July and August 2022. The data were collected using an interviews-based questionnaire which included questions on demographic data, knowledge and attitudes and practices toward influenza vaccine. The authors identified the barriers as well as the determinants of the vaccine uptake and its recommendation to others.FindingsThe mean age of participants was 35.07 years (SD = 13.9). Most of the respondents were Bahraini (86.5%) and 53.4 % were females. The results revealed that 34.1% have previous information about the influenza vaccine and 36.9% versus 69.9% are willing to receive the vaccine or advice it to others, respectively. Determinants of vaccine uptake were identified.Originality/valueThis study confirmed a sub-optimal influenza vaccine acceptance in the general community of Bahrain despite a global access in primary care. Health professionals need to be more proactive in mobilizing the community and particularly females toward influenza vaccination.
The moderating role of CSR in the relationship between earnings management and cost of equity: evidence from European ESG data
Authors: Chouaibi Yamina , Zouari-Hadiji Rim , Khlifi Sawssen 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThe present work aimed to identify the impact of accrual-based earnings management on the cost of equity (KE) through corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a moderating variable on European Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) companies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used data from a sample of 366 European firms over the 2012–2022 period. The data were collected from the Thomson Reuters Asset 4 and I/B/E/S database and analyzed using STATA 17 as a statistical software package.FindingsAs expected, the results showed a negative relationship between accruals, CSR and KE. Moreover, they suggest that the moderating variable negatively affects the relationship between accruals and the KE.Practical implicationsThe results are pertinent to stakeholders and investors, who would pressure companies to enhance the quality of disclosed information and mitigate risks facing the company.Originality/valueThe main contribution lies in examining the relationship between accruals and KE through CSR in the European ESG context.
Balancing complexity and restoration in virtual interior environments: user perceptions of organized complexity in biophilic design
Authors: Bilgic Naz , Ebbini Genell Wells 
Published: December 2023

PurposeThere is a growing interest in applying the principles of biophilic design to hotel lobbies to enhance positive user experiences. However, there is little empirical research in this area, particularly for abstract or indirect biophilic approaches. The current study analyzed the biophilic strategy of “organized complexity” (which entails structured hierarchical patterns) in a hotel lobby in relation to attention restoration outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA virtual reality approach was used to create three lobby designs, differing only in their degree of organized complexity. A between-subjects study was conducted with 91 participants, evaluating reactions to the lobby designs in terms of perceived attention restoration, perceived environmental complexity and environmental preferences.FindingsA strong positive relationship was found between participants' perception of environmental complexity and feelings of restoration. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between restoration and the objective measures of organized complexity. This suggests that individual preferences or baseline responses may play a crucial role in the benefits associated with this aspect of biophilic design.Originality/valueThe findings suggest a novel possibility – that responses to organized complexity may not be universal but may instead depend on an individual’s background and personal preferences. While the study found that perceived complexity was associated with restoration, the objective features of the environment that incited these perceptions were different for different participants. This indicates that more research is needed into potentially relevant personal factors.