bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secure image transmission through LTE wireless communications systems
Authors: Al-Fahaidy Farouk Abduh Kamil , AL-Bouthigy Radwan , Al-Shamri Mohammad Yahya H. , Abdulkareem Safwan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSecure transmission of images over wireless communications systems can be done using RSA, the most known and efficient cryptographic algorithm, and OFDMA, the most preferred signal processing choice in wireless communications. This paper aims to investigate the performance of OFDMA system for wireless transmission of RSA-based encrypted images. In fact, the performance of OFDMA systems; based on different signal processing techniques, such as, discrete sine transforms (DST) and discrete cosine transforms (DCT), as well as the conventional discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) are tested for wireless transmission of gray-scale images with/without RSA encryption. The progress of transmitting the image is carried by firstly, encrypting the image with RSA algorithm. Then, the encrypted image is modulated with DFT-based, DCT-based, and DST-based OFDMA systems. After that, the modulated images are transmitted over a wireless multipath fading channel. The reverse operations will be carried at the receiver, in addition to the frequency domain equalization to overcome the channel effect. Exhaustive numbers of scenarios are performed for study and investigation of the performance of the different OFDMA systems in terms of PSNR and MSE, with different subcarriers mapping and modulation techniques, is done. Results indicate that the ability of different OFDMA systems for wireless secure transmission of images. However, the DCT-OFDMA system showed superiority over the DST-OFDMA and the conventional DFT-OFDMA systems.
Multimodal few-shot classification without attribute embedding
Authors: Chang Jun Qing , Rajan Deepu , Vun Nicholas 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMultimodal few-shot learning aims to exploit complementary information inherent in multiple modalities for vision tasks in low data scenarios. Most of the current research focuses on a suitable embedding space for the various modalities. While solutions based on embedding provide state-of-the-art results, they reduce the interpretability of the model. Separate visualization approaches enable the models to become more transparent. In this paper, a multimodal few-shot learning framework that is inherently interpretable is presented. This is achieved by using the textual modality in the form of attributes without embedding them. This enables the model to directly explain which attributes caused it to classify an image into a particular class. The model consists of a variational autoencoder to learn the visual latent representation, which is combined with a semantic latent representation that is learnt from a normal autoencoder, which calculates a semantic loss between the latent representation and a binary attribute vector. A decoder reconstructs the original image from concatenated latent vectors. The proposed model outperforms other multimodal methods when all test classes are used, e.g., 50 classes in a 50-way 1-shot setting, and is comparable for lesser number of ways. Since raw text attributes are used, the datasets for evaluation are CUB, SUN and AWA2. The effectiveness of interpretability provided by the model is evaluated by analyzing how well it has learnt to identify the attributes.
Assessment of ultra processed foods consumption in Senegal: validation of the Nova-UPF screener
Authors: Kébé Saliou Diombo , Diouf Adama , Sylla Papa Mamadou Dit Doudou , Kane Kalidou , dos Santos Costa Caroline , Leite Fernanda Helena Marrocos , Andrade Giovanna Calixto , Badiane Abdou , Moubarac Jean-Claude , Idohou-Dossou Nicole , Monteiro Carlos Augusto 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Ultra-processed foods (UPF), as proposed by the Nova food classification system, are linked to the development of obesity and several non-communicable chronic diseases and deaths from all causes. The Nova-UPF screener developed in Brazil is a simple and quick tool to assess and monitor the consumption of these food products. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate, against the 24-hour dietary recall, this short food-based screener to assess UPF consumption in the Senegalese context.

Methods
The tool adaptation was undertaken using DELPHI methodology with national experts and data from a food market survey. Following the adaptation, sub-categories were renamed, restructured and new ones introduced. The validation study was conducted in the urban area of Dakar in a convenience sample of 301 adults, using as a reference the dietary share of UPF on the day prior to the survey, expressed as a percentage of total energy intake obtained via 24-hour recall. Association between the Nova-UPF score and the dietary share of UPF was evaluated using linear regression models. The Pabak index was used to assess the agreement in participants’ classification according to quintiles of Nova-UPF score and quintiles of the dietary share of UPF.

Results
The results show a linear and positive association (p-value < 0.001) between intervals of the Nova-UPF score and the average dietary share of UPF. There was a near perfect agreement in the distribution of individuals according to score’s quintiles and UPF dietary share quintiles (Pabak index = 0.84).

Conclusion
The study concluded that the score provided by the Nova-UPF screener adapted to the Senegalese context is a valid estimate of UPF consumption.
Deficiency of TOP1MT enhances glycolysis through the stimulation of PDK4 expression in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Hongqiang , Sun Xutao , Yang Chen , Li Ziqi , Jin Danwen , Zhu Wenwen , Yu Ze 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Abnormal glucose metabolism is one of the determinants of maintaining malignant characteristics of cancer. Targeting cancer metabolism is regarded as a new strategy for cancer treatment. Our previous studies have found that TOP1MT is a crucial gene that inhibits glycolysis and cell metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) cells, but the mechanism of its regulation of glycolysis remains unclear.

Methods
Transcriptome sequencing data, clinic-pathologic features of GC from a variety of public databases, and WGCNA were used to identify novel targets of TOP1MT. Immunohistochemical results of 250 patients with GC were used to analyze the relative expression relationship between TOP1MT and PDK4. The function of TOP1MT was investigated by migration assays and sea-horse analysis in vitro.

Results
We discovered a mitochondrial topoisomerase I, TOP1MT, which correlated with a higher risk of metastasis. Functional experiments revealed that TOP1MT deficiency promotes cell migration and glycolysis through increasing PDK4 expression. Additionally, the stimulating effect of TOP1MT on glycolysis may be effectively reversed by PDK4 inhibitor M77976.

Conclusions
In brief, our work demonstrated the critical function of TOP1MT in the regulation of glycolysis by PDK4 in gastric cancer. Inhibiting glycolysis and limiting tumor metastasis in GC may be accomplished by suppressing PDK4.
A novel upregulated hsa_circ_0032746 regulates the oncogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating miR-4270/MCM3 axis
Authors: Shrestha Sachin Mulmi , Fang Xin , Ye Hui , Ren Lihua , Ji Qinghua , Shi Ruihua 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Circular RNAs (CircRNA) have emerged as an interest of research in recent years due to its regulatory role in various kinds of cancers of human body. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the major disease subtype in Asian countries, including China. CircRNAs are formed by back-splicing covalently joined 3′- and 5′- ends rather than canonical splicing and are found to have binding affinity with miRNAs that conjointly contribute to oncogenesis.

Materials and methods
4 pairs of normal, cancer adjacent tissues and cancer tissues were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing and 84 differentially upregulated circRNAs were detected in cancer tissues. hsa_circ_0032746 was silenced by siRNA and lentivirus and then further proliferation, migration and invasion were performed by CCK-8 and transwell assays. Bioinformatic analysis predicted binding affinity of circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axis.

Results
After qPCR validation, we selected a novel upregulated hsa_circ_0032746 to explore its biogenetic functions which showed high expression in cancer tissues but not in cancer adjacent tissues. The clinicopathological relation of hsa_circ_0032746 showed positive correlation with the tumor location (P = 0.026) and gender (P = 0.05). We also predicted that hsa_circ_0032746 could sponge with microRNA. Bioinformatic analysis predicted 11 microRNA response element (MRE) sequences of hsa_circ_0032746 and dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed binding affinity with miR4270 evidencing further study of circRNA/miRNA role. The knockdown of hsa_circ_0032746 by siRNA and lentivirus demonstrated that proliferation, invasion and migration of ESCC were inhibited in vitro and vivo experiments. Bioinformatic analysis further predicted MCM3 as a target of miR-4270 and was found upregulated in ESCC upon validation. miR4270 mimic decreased the level of hsa_circ_0032746 and MCM3 while further rescue experiments demonstrated that hsa_circ_0032746 was dependent on miR4270/MCM3 axis on the development process of ESCC.

Conclusion
We revealed for the first time that circ_0032746/mir4270/MCM3 contributes in proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC and could have potential prognostic and therapeutic significance.
The state of metaverse research: a bibliometric visual analysis based on CiteSpace
Authors: Li Huike , Li Bo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objective
To understand the current status of research in the field of metaverse, and to analyze the research progress and evolutionary trends in this field.

Methods
Based on the bibliometric analysis, a total of 921 papers were obtained by searching the Web of science core database for the keyword "metaverse". CiteSpace was used to visualize and analyze the current status and trends of metaverse research in China.

Results
Ireland is currently the country with the highest research impact. China is currently the country with the largest number of publications in this field, but the impact of the research is insufficient. The current research in the highly cited literature focuses on technical and history reviews of the metaverse as well as its development in the field of education. Artificial Intelligence and utaut2 are the underlying clusters of cited literature in this research area. Several research hotspots have been formed, such as virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, digital twins and artificial intelligence.

Conclusion
The current research on metaverse in various fields is basically in its infancy, but has a great potential for future development and will gradually penetrate into many different directions with many challenges.
Physiological, molecular, and genetic mechanism of action of the biostimulant Quantis™ for increased thermotolerance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Jayaweera Dasuni P. , Dambire Charlene , Angelopoulou Dimitra , Munné-Bosch Sergi , Swarup Ranjan , Ray Rumiana V. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Raising global temperatures limit crop productivity and new strategies are needed to improve the resilience of thermosensitive crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Biostimulants are emerging as potential crop protection products against environmental stress, however their mechanism of action remains largely unknown, hindering their wider adoption. We used comprehensive physiological, molecular, and mass spectrometry approaches to develop understanding of the mechanism of plant thermotolerance exerted by the biostimulant, Quantis™, under heat stress. Using orthologues gene mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana we report heat-defence genes, modified by Quantis™, which were also investigated for potential overlapping functions in biotic stress defence to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani.

Results
Quantis™ enhanced PSII photochemical efficiency and decreased thermal dissipation of potato grown under heat stress. These effects were associated with upregulation of genes with antioxidant function, including PR10, flavonoid 3′‐hydroxylase and β-glucosidases, and modulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and cytokinin (CK) activity in leaves by Quantis™. The biostimulant modulated the expression of the heat-defence genes, PEN1, PR4 or MEE59, with functions in leaf photoprotection and root thermal protection, but with no overlapping function in biotic stress defence. Protective root growth under heat stress, following the biostimulant application, was correlated with enhanced CK signalling in roots. Increased endogenous concentrations of ABA and CK in potato leaves and significant upregulation of StFKF1 were consistent with tuberisation promoting effects. Quantis™ application resulted in 4% tuber weight increase and 40% larger tuber size thus mitigating negative effects of heat stress on tuber growth.

Conclusions
Quantis™ application prior to heat stress effectively primed heat tolerance responses and alleviated temperature stress of S. tuberosum L. and A. thaliana by modulating the expression and function of PR4 and MEE59 and by regulating CK activity above and below ground, indicating that the mechanism of action of the biostimulant is conserved, and will be effective in many plant species. Thus, a biostimulant application targeting the most susceptible crop developmental stages to heat disorders can be effectively integrated within future agronomy practices to mitigate losses in other thermosensitive crops.

Graphical Abstract
Using Implementation Science Frameworks to Guide the Use of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Symptom Monitoring in Routine Cancer Care
Authors: Lai-Kwon Julia , Rutherford Claudia , Jefford Michael , Gore Claire , Best Stephanie 
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE Electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) are an evidence-based means of detecting symptoms earlier and improving patient outcomes. However, there are few examples of successful implementation in routine cancer care. We conducted a qualitative study to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing ePRO symptom monitoring in routine cancer care using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). METHODS Participants were adult patients with cancer, their caregivers, or health care professionals involved in ePRO monitoring or processes. Focus groups or individual interviews were conducted using a semistructured approach informed by the CFIR. Data were analyzed deductively using the CFIR. Barriers were matched to theory-informed implementation strategies using the CFIR-Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) matching tool. RESULTS Thirty participants were interviewed: 22 females (73%), aged 31-70 years (28, 94%), comprising patients (n = 8), caregivers (n = 2), medical oncologists (n = 4), nurses (n = 4), hospital leaders (n = 6), clinic administrators (n = 2), pharmacists (n = 2), and information technology specialists (n = 2). Barriers pertaining to four CFIR domains were identified and several were novel, including the challenge of adapting ePROs for different anticancer treatments. Facilitators pertaining to all CFIR domains were identified, such as leveraging acceptability of remote care post–COVID-19 to drive implementation. Conducting consensus discussions with stakeholders to tailor ePROs to the local setting, identifying/preparing individual and group-level champions, and assessing readiness for change (including leveraging technological advances and increased confidence in using remote monitoring post–COVID-19) were the most frequently recommended implementation strategies. CONCLUSION The CFIR facilitated identification of known and novel barriers and facilitators to implementing ePRO symptom monitoring in routine cancer care. Implementation strategies summarized in a conceptual framework will be used to codesign an ePRO symptom monitoring system for immunotherapy side effects.
Insulin Resistance and CGM-Derived Parameters in People With Type 1 Diabetes: Are They Associated?
Authors: Clinck Isabel , Mertens Jonathan , Wouters Kristien , Dirinck Eveline , De Block Christophe 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
Insulin resistance (IR) is increasingly more prevalent in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective
We investigated whether IR is associated with continuous glucose monitor (CGM)-derived parameters (glucometrics), such as time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR), and glycemic variability (CV).

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of 2 databases: IR was quantified according to the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) (NCT04664036) and by performing a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) (NCT04623320). All glucometrics were calculated over 28 days.

Results
A total of 287 subjects were included. Mean age was 46 ± 17 years, 55% were male, TIR was 57% ± 14%, and eGDR was 7.6 (5.6-9.3) mg/kg/min. The tertile of people with the lowest eGDR (highest level of IR) had a higher TAR compared to the tertile with the highest eGDR (39% ± 15% vs 33% ± 14%, P = .043). Using logistic regression, a higher eGDR was associated with a higher chance to fall in a higher TIR-tertile (odds ratio [OR] 1.251, P &lt; .001), a lower TAR-tertile (OR 1.281, P &lt; .001), and a higher TBR-tertile (OR 0.893, P = .039), adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, smoking status, and alcohol intake. In the 48 people undergoing a HEC, no significant association between glucometrics and the HEC-determined glucose disposal rate (M-value) was observed.

Conclusion
In people with T1D, an association between IR, measured by eGDR, and worse CGM profiles was observed.
Bisphosphonate Use and Risk of Atypical Femoral Fractures: A Danish Case-Cohort Study With Blinded Radiographic Review
Authors: Bauer Douglas C , Black Dennis M , Dell Rick , Fan Bo , Smith Christopher D , Ernst Martin T , Jurik Anne G , Frøkjær Jens B , Boesen Mikael , Vittinghoff Eric , Abrahamsen Bo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Context
Prolonged bisphosphonate (BP) treatment for osteoporosis prevents hip and other fractures but causes atypical femoral fractures (AFF).

Objective
To establish the relationship between patterns of BP use and the risk of AFF and hip fractures. Other potential risk factors for AFF were also examined.

Methods
This population-based case-cohort study utilized data from the Danish National Healthcare system, including longitudinal records of medication use, healthcare utilization, and x-ray images. Among all 1.9 million Danish adults ≥50, those with subtrochanteric or femoral shaft fractures between 2010 and 2015 (n = 4973) were identified and compared to a random sample (n = 37 021). Bisphosphonate use was collected from 1995-2015. Fracture radiographs (n = 4769) were reviewed by blinded study radiologists to identify AFFs (n = 189) using established criteria. Traditional hip fractures in the random sample (n = 691) were identified by ICD-10.

Results
Compared to &lt;1 year of BP use, 5 to 7 years of use was associated with a 7-fold increase in AFF (adjusted HR = 7.29 [CI: 3.07, 17.30]); the risk of AFF fell quickly after discontinuation. The 5-year number needed to harm for one AFF was 1424, while the 5-year number needed to treat to prevent one hip fracture was 56. Glucocorticoid and proton pump inhibitor use were independently associated with increased AFF risk. Thirty-one percent of those with AFF had no BP exposure.

Conclusion
The risk of AFF increases with duration of BP use but the beneficial effects of BP therapy in adults ≥50 dramatically exceed this increased risk. Nearly one-third of those with AFF have no BP exposure.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Excess All-Cause Mortality in the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Foster Thomas B. , Fernandez Leticia , Porter Sonya R. , Pharris-Ciurej Nikolas 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Research on the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States has consistently found disproportionately high mortality among ethnoracial minorities, but reports differ with respect to the magnitude of mortality disparities and reach different conclusions regarding which groups were most impacted. We suggest that these variations stem from differences in the temporal scope of the mortality data used and difficulties inherent in measuring race and ethnicity. To circumvent these issues, we link Social Security Administration death records for 2010 through 2021 to decennial census and American Community Survey race and ethnicity responses. We use these linked data to estimate excess all-cause mortality for age-, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific subgroups and examine ethnoracial variation in excess mortality across states and over the course of the pandemic's first year. Results show that non-Hispanic American Indians and Alaska Natives experienced the highest excess mortality of any ethnoracial group in the first year of the pandemic, followed by Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks. Spatiotemporal and age-specific ethnoracial disparities suggest that the socioeconomic determinants driving health disparities prior to the pandemic were amplified and expressed in new ways in the pandemic's first year to disproportionately concentrate excess mortality among racial and ethnic minorities.
A role for the carbon source of the cell and protein kinase A in regulating the S. pombe septation initiation network
Authors: Uysal Özdemir Özge , Krapp Andrea , Mangeat Bastien , Spaltenstein Marc , Simanis Viesturs 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The septation initiation network (SIN) is a conserved signal transduction network, which is important for cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The SIN component Etd1p is required for association of some SIN proteins with the spindle pole body (SPB) during anaphase and for contractile ring formation. We show that tethering of Cdc7p or Sid1p to the SIN scaffold Cdc11p at the SPB, rescues etd1-Δ. Analysis of a suppressor of the mutant etd1-M9 revealed that SIN signalling is influenced by the carbon source of the cell. Growth on a non-fermentable carbon source glycerol reduces the requirement for SIN signalling but does not bypass it. The decreased need for SIN signalling is mediated largely by reduction of protein kinase A activity, and it is phenocopied by deletion of pka1 on glucose medium. We conclude that protein kinase A is an important regulator of the SIN, and that SIN signalling is regulated by the carbon source of the cell.