bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of Coccidioides serologic tests among culture-proven coccidioidomycosis patients with hematological malignancy compared to a matched immunocompetent cohort
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mohanad M , Rao Amith , Marco Tom , Srivastava Rishab , Kuzmin Paulina , Nematollahi Saman , Zangeneh Tirdad T 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity among immunosuppressed patients. The sensitivity of current commercial Coccidioides serologic tests is not well evaluated in patients with hematological malignancy. We conducted a retrospective study, including patients with culture-proven coccidioidomycosis, from October 1, 2017, to December 12, 2023. Cases with hematological malignancy and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HM) were matched with an immunocompetent cohort (1:2) to compare the sensitivity of serology (enzyme immunoassay IgG/IgM or complement fixation) tests—matched by age, gender, and race. We matched 43 HM patients with 86 controls. The median age of the HM/hematopoietic stem cell transplant cohort was 67 (Interquartile Range [IQR], 52–75), 65% male, and 86% White. Most HM had lymphoma (37%), followed by leukemia (35%). Most cases had pulmonary infection (74%) versus controls (84%), P-value = .2, and 12% had a prior history of coccidioidomycosis compared to controls (17%), P-value = .4. Positive Coccidioides serology test results among HM were statistically significantly lower than controls (37% versus 72%), P-value ≤ .001. Multivariate conditional logistic regression identified HM and a history of coccidioidomycosis as statistically significantly associated with positive serologic testing, with Odds Ratio (OR) 0.27 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.12–0.62, P-value = .002) and OR 6.07 (95% CI 1.25–29.4, P-value = .025), respectively.Coccidioides serology tests in HM patients with culture-proven coccidioidomycosis had low sensitivity. Given the increased risk of complications in this group, future studies are needed to evaluate more sensitive diagnostic tests.
Aspergillus spp., aspergillosis and azole usage in animal species in Europe: Results from a multisectoral survey and review of recent literature
Authors: de Jong Judith E , Heuvelink Annet E , Dieste Pérez Lucía , Holstege Manon M C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aspergillosis in humans and animals is caused by certain Aspergillus spp. and can be treated with fungicide azoles. Treatment in animals is often long and complicated by the lack of registered products, species-specific pharmacodynamics, side effects, and withdrawal periods for animal products. The emergence of azole resistance in Aspergillus spp. isolates from human, environmental, and avian samples is alarming, requiring multisectoral attention and a One Health approach. Recent information on the prevalence and impact of aspergillosis in animals, and the use of fungicide azoles in their treatment is however lacking. In this study, we collected and analysed data on the occurrence of aspergillosis and/or presence of Aspergillus spp., and the use of fungicide azoles in animal categories in Europe over the last decade, by means of an international survey and literature review. Thirty-three survey responses were included, from respondents with various professional backgrounds. Fifty-eight articles were included for literature review, of which 90% contained information on the presence of Aspergillus spp. in diseased or healthy animals and 38% on the veterinary use of azoles. Results were consistent: the presence of Aspergillus spp. and related disease, and the use of fungicide azoles were most frequently reported in ‘companion animals’ and ‘zoo animals and wildlife’. Considering the limitations in interpreting the obtained results and the lack of available data, more consistent data collection is necessary to accurately estimate the importance of Aspergillus spp. and related diseases, the use of azoles in veterinary medicine, and its relevance in public health.
The Quark-Nova model for FRBs: model comparison with observational data
Authors: Ouyed Rachid , Leahy Denis , Koning Nico 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
We utilize the Quark-Novae (QN) model for fast radio bursts (FRBs) to evaluate its performance in reproducing the distribution and statistical properties of key observations. These include frequency, duration, fluence, dispersion measure (DM), and other relevant features such as repetition, periodic activity window, and the sad trombone effect. In our model, FRBs are attributed to coherent synchrotron emission originating from collisionless QN chunks that traverse ionized media both within and outside their host galaxies. By considering burst repetition from a single chunk and accounting for the intrinsic DM of the chunks, we find agreement between our model and the observed properties of FRBs. This agreement enhances our confidence in the model’s effectiveness for interpreting FRB observations. Our model generates testable predictions, allowing for future experiments and observations to validate and further refine our understanding of FRBs.
A case of newly onset rheumatoid arthritis successfully treated with methotrexate under the antiretrovirus therapy against HIV infection
Authors: Miyagawa Ippei , Nakayamada Shingo , Saito Kazuyoshi , Shimizu Shoichi , Hanami Kentaro , Ueno Masanobu , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The patient was a 70-year-old woman. In July 2018, she developed pneumocystis pneumonia and was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Antiretroviral therapy was continued, the HIV-RNA load was suppressed, and the CD4+cells count was maintained. In 2024, the polyarticular pain and swelling persisted. HIV-associated arthropathy, reactive arthritis, and other diseases were excluded. The patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to the ACR/EULAR 2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria. Joint radiography revealed narrowing of the wrist joint, and joint ultrasonography showed synovial thickening and power Doppler signals, supporting the diagnosis of RA. Methotrexate was initiated, and remission was achieved and maintained. After starting methotrexate, HIV-RNA load increased transiently but rapidly decreased after that. CD4+cells count was maintained. Patients with HIV have underlying immune dysfunction, and RA requires treatment with immunosuppressants, which makes treatment challenging. Recently, HIV infection has been considered a factor that makes the diagnosis of RA difficult. When symptoms suggestive of RA are observed in HIV-infected patients, it is important to make a thorough differential diagnosis and determine a treatment plan based on the characteristics of RA complicated by HIV infection.
Granitoid Metasomatism and Giant Quartz Vein Formation by Mineral Replacement: Insights from the Canigó Massif, Eastern Pyrenees
Authors: González-Esvertit Eloi , Canals Àngels , Prieto-Torrell Claudia , Bons Paul D , Llorens Maria-Gema , Casas Josep Maria , Aguilar Carmen , Neilson Joyce , Elburg Marlina A , Gomez-Rivas Enrique 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Metasomatism is a ubiquitous process in the Earth’s crust, exerting major controls on fluid, heat and mass transfer and rock deformation, and is commonly constituted by mineral replacement reactions. Different types of metasomatism may coexist and/or successively conceal each other in a given area. Deciphering the geochemical behaviour, regional extent and mineralogical changes of multi-stage metasomatism can be difficult because of the overprinting of successive events and their frequent relationship with deformation. Here, we investigate granitoid metasomatism, namely silicification, feldspathisation and sericitisation, in the Variscan basement rocks of the Canigó Massif (Eastern Pyrenees, SW Europe), which is spatially related to Giant Quartz Veins (GQVs) tens of metres wide and several kilometres long. Unaltered and altered granitic orthogneisses derived from Ordovician intrusives and late-Variscan granitoids, as well as GQV occurrences, are studied across scales through structural and textural characterisation, whole-rock geochemistry and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). Geochemical analyses are further compared with a new database including more than 600 unaltered granite and orthogneiss samples from the Pyrenees and the Catalan Coastal Ranges (SW European Variscan Belt). Results show that silicification, the dominant metasomatic process, was related to regional-scale shear zones and contributed to form GQVs through mineral replacement. This is confirmed at the macro- (km), meso- (m–cm) and micro-scale (μm) by relict fabrics, mineral phases and structural features of the precursor rocks within veins, by a progressive depletion of all major and trace elements, except silica, in rocks sampled along decreasing distances from GQV outcrops, and by the localisation of mylonitic deformation along GQVs. Feldspathisation and sericitisation are, in contrast, restricted to specific sectors and exposed as albitite, trondhjemite and pale green mica-rich outcrops. It is suggested that most of the exposed areas of the studied GQVs are, accordingly, not veins sensu stricto but metasomatic products where the original fabrics and features of precursor rocks were overprinted during coupled deformation and Si-metasomatism. Results presented here have major implications for the scale and geochemical behaviour of multi-metasomatic events, as well as on the kinetics of mineral replacement processes leading to changes in the physicochemical properties of crustal rocks.
Examining the effect of warrior and guardian mindsets on attitudes toward use of force: an analysis of US police recruits
Authors: Donner Christopher M , Maskály Jon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently, several highly publicized and troubling police-citizen encounters around the USA have led many to question not only police tactics but also, more broadly, police legitimacy. These events, among others, led President Obama to create a Task Force on 21st Century Policing. Part of its focus was on fostering legitimacy through community policing and a service-oriented approach to policing practices, and one of its recommendations to enhance legitimacy in the eyes of the public was to call upon the police to embrace a guardian mindset. Part of their reasoning was that officers who adopt a guardian mindset should be less likely to have an ‘us versus them’ worldview and less likely to overly use aggressive, coercive, and physical tactics (i.e. use of force) against the public. To test this assertion, attitudinal survey data are analyzed using a multi-agency sample of police recruits from the USA. Structural equation modeling results demonstrate that recruits with a warrior mindset have more favorable views toward using force. In contrast, recruits who embody a guardian mindset have less favorable views toward the use of force. Specific findings, study limitations, and implications for reform are discussed.
Emotional characteristics and intrinsic brain network functional connectivity among adults aged 75+
Authors: Pruitt Patrick J , Yu Kexin , Lahna David , Schwartz Daniel , Peltier Scott , Silbert Lisa , Dodge Hiroko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite having a meaningful impact on the quality of life, emotional well-being is often understudied in older adults in favor of cognitive performance, particularly when examining its association with neurobiological function. Socially isolated older adults have poorer emotional health than their non-isolated peers and are at increased risk of dementia. Characterizing neurobiological correlates of emotional characteristics in this population may help elucidate pathways that link social isolation and dementia risk. In a sample of 50 socially isolated older adults aged 75+ years (“older-old”; 30 with mild cognitive impairment; 20 with unimpaired cognition), we use the National Institutes of Health Toolbox—Emotion Battery to examine associations between emotional characteristics and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-derived intrinsic brain network functional connectivity. We found a positive association between the default mode network connectivity and negative affect. Amygdala–ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) connectivity was negatively associated with psychological well-being and positively associated with negative affect. These results did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. These findings replicate, in a sample of socially isolated older-old adults, the previous work highlighting the relationship between amygdala–vmPFC connectivity and individual differences in emotional health, with more inverse connectivity associated with better emotional characteristics.
Integrating Well-Being Into a Health Systems Science Curriculum
Authors: Smeraglio Andrea , Schnure Nilan , DiVeronica Matthew , McGhee Bryn , Terndrup Christopher , Domingo Michelle Santo , Tuepker Anaïs , Carney Patricia A. , Prasad Ramya , Bonura Erin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The Quadruple Aim identified improving provider well-being as an extension of the Triple Aim (enhance patient experience, improve population health, and reduce costs). Despite this expansion, health system science (HSS) and well-being training in graduate medical education remain taught as parallel rather than interconnected topics, as suggested by the Quadruple Aim. To address this gap, the authors integrated well-being into an HSS curriculum and evaluated the effect on trainee HSS knowledge and attitudes, well-being, and learning pedagogy.

Method
In this mixed-methods study, quantitative survey data (QI proficiency self-assessment, Mini-Z burnout assessment) and qualitative interview data were collected at Oregon Health & Science University between October and November 2021 for curriculum graduates, approximately 18 or 6 months after course completion for interns in academic years 2019 to 2020 and 2020 to 2021, respectively, to evaluate general experiences, satisfaction, skills and attitudes, and behaviors.

Results
A total of 68 residents completed the course. Improvement was noted in all 9 variables of self-assessed QI proficiency (lowest mean [SD] score of 2.07 [1.03] in month 1 and highest mean [SD] score of 3.98 [0.67] in month 11 [3.98]; P < .001 for all variables). Qualitative interviews with 25 residents (35.2%) 6 to 18 months after course completion demonstrated longitudinal retention of systems thinking principles and improved empathy for multidisciplinary colleagues. Participants perceived the well-being curricular component as having created a tone of programmatic support, being deisolating, and assisting trainees in recognizing system effects on well-being. Residents perceived burnout, however, as unchanged and caused by factors unmodifiable by HSS. Contextualization, conversations, reflection, and actualization with projects were key elements of learning.

Conclusions
An integrated HSS and well-being curriculum allowed trainees to see the role systems play in multiple domains, including their well-being. Trainees developed longitudinal systems, teamwork, error-reporting skills, systems thinking, and well-being skills.
Empowering Stigmatized Voices: Cocreating a Curriculum on Pain and Opioid Use Disorder With Patient Partners
Authors: Graves Lisa , Turnnidge Jennifer , Mulder Jeanne , Akberzai Samsoor , Chen Kuan-chin Jean , Jackson Mathieu , Dalgarno Nancy , Descoteaux Annie , MacLeod Bryan , Van Hoorn Rob , Soleas Eleftherios K. , Karazivan Philippe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study explores the partnership experiences of patient and health care professional (HCP) subject matter experts (SMEs) in cocreating educational content and examines their reflections on how to better support educational partnerships in future initiatives.

Method
In this qualitative, exploratory study, semistructured interviews of patient and HCP SMEs were conducted between February and August 2022. Interviews were conducted with videoconferencing software, audio recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Interviews were analyzed using an iterative, inductive approach informed by reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Eight patient SMEs and 6 HCP SMEs were interviewed. Three themes and 8 subthemes were developed to represent SMEs’ experiences. The overarching themes included (1) building authentic partnerships, (2) developing equitable partnership processes, and (3) setting the stage for successful cocreation. Authentic partnerships were conceptualized as relationships that foster meaningful engagement, provide opportunities for learning and growing together, and require navigation of tensions and constraints. Equitable partnership processes included creating shared expectations and facilitating open and clear communication among partners. Participants discussed how future partnerships can benefit by embracing diversity and innovation, encouraging sustained engagement, and facilitating high-quality processes and products.

Conclusions
The findings of this study highlight that positive cocreation experiences are characterized by building authentic partnerships, developing equitable partnership processes, and setting the stage for successful cocreation. Future work can build on these findings to further explore how to best foster cocreation within educational partnerships.
A Bioelectric Router for Adaptive Isochronous Neurostimulation
Authors: Sahai Eashan , Hickman Jordan , Denman Daniel J 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveMultipolar intracranial electrical brain stimulation (iEBS) is a method that has potential to improve clinical applications of mono- and bipolar iEBS. Current tools for researching multipolar iEBS are proprietary, can have high entry costs, lack flexibility in managing different stimulation parameters and electrodes, and can include clinical features unnecessary for the requisite exploratory research. This is a factor limiting the progress in understanding and applying multipolar iEBS effectively. To address these challenges, we developed the Bioelectric Router for Adaptive Isochronous Neuro stimulation (BRAINS) board.ApproachThe BRAINS board is a cost-effective and customizable device designed to facilitate multipolar stimulation experiments across a 16-channel electrode array using common research electrode setups. The BRAINS board interfaces with a microcontroller, allowing users to configure each channel for cathodal or anodal input, establish a grounded connection, or maintain a floating state. The design prioritizes ease of integration by leveraging standard tools like a microcontroller and an analog signal isolators while providing options to customize setups according to experimental conditions. It also ensures output isolation, reduces noise, and supports remote configuration changes for rapid switching of electrode states. To test the efficacy of the board, we performed bench-top validation of monopolar, bipolar, and multipolar stimulation regimes. The same regimes were testedin vivoin mouse primary visual cortex and measured using Neuropixel recordings.Main ResultsThe BRAINS board demonstrates no meaningful differences in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) noise or signal-to-noise ratio compared to the baseline performance of the isolated stimulator alone. The board supports configuration changes at a rate of up to 600 Hz without introducing residual noise, enabling high-frequency switching necessary for temporally multiplexed multipolar stimulation.SignificanceThe BRAINS board represents a significant advancement in exploratory brain stimulation research by providing a user-friendly, customizable, open source, and cost-effective tool capable of conducting sophisticated, reproducible, and finely controlled stimulation experiments. With a capacity for effectively real-time information processing and efficient parameter exploration the BRAINS board can enhance both exploratory research on iEBS and enable improved clinical use of multipolar and closed-loop iEBS.
Impact of sucrose sinks on phloem transport
Authors: Nakad Mazen , Weng Ensheng , Gentine Pierre 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe movement of photosynthates within plants is a focus in plant physiology, ecohydrology, and earth systems modeling. The phloem, one of the plant’s hydraulic systems, facilitates this transport. It is believed to be optimized for efficient photosynthates transport, notably sucrose. This has implications ranging from local impacts on plant survival during drought to ecosystem-scale effects on carbon and water cycling. Most models for phloem transport rely on the pressure-flow hypothesis, where sucrose is loaded in leaves, drawing water from the xylem through osmosis, generating pressure gradients for transport. Experimental challenges in measuring sugar fluxes have led to reliance on theoretical models, though discrepancies exist, especially for long-distance transport. Criticism of the pressure-flow hypothesis notes low hydraulic conductance in sieve tubes, possibly hindering sucrose transport in taller plants. This research explores osmotically driven flows through the development of a new one-dimensional numerical model that includes sources from photosynthesis and sinks towards the stem and roots. The model also incorporates a concentration-dependent viscosity and the xylem water potential. It shows that different allocation schemes of sucrose sinks towards the stem of the plant influence the speed at which sucrose is transported. These findings provide insight into how carbon allocation along the phloem may have evolved to enhance the efficiency of transporting soluble compounds in the phloem.HighlightsSucrose sinks along the phloem influence mass flux beyond simple reaction-like consumption dynamicsMass flux is modulated by the sucrose allocation profile along the tree stemObservations of xylem-phloem water exchange can provide insights into the physical sucrose sink profile
Multi-tissue transcriptomic aging atlas reveals predictive aging biomarkers in the killifish
Authors: Costa Emma K. , Chen Jingxun , Guldner Ian H. , Mboning Lajoyce , Schmahl Natalie , Tsenter Aleksandra , Wu Man-Ru , Moran-Losada Patricia , Bouchard Louis S. , Wang Sui , Singh Param Priya , Pellegrini Matteo , Brunet Anne , Wyss-Coray Tony 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAging is associated with progressive tissue dysfunction, leading to frailty and mortality. Characterizing aging features, such as changes in gene expression and dynamics, shared across tissues or specific to each tissue, is crucial for understanding systemic and local factors contributing to the aging process. We performed RNA-sequencing on 13 tissues at 6 different ages in the African turquoise killifish, the shortest-lived vertebrate that can be raised in captivity. This comprehensive, sex-balanced ‘atlas’ dataset reveals the varying strength of sex-age interactions across killifish tissues and identifies age-altered biological pathways that are evolutionarily conserved. Demonstrating the utility of this resource, we discovered that the killifish head kidney exhibits a myeloid bias during aging, a phenomenon more pronounced in females than in males. In addition, we developed tissue-specific ‘transcriptomic clocks’ and identified biomarkers predictive of chronological age. We show the importance of sex-specific clocks for selected tissues and use the tissue clocks to evaluate a dietary intervention in the killifish. Our work provides a comprehensive resource for studying aging dynamics across tissues in the killifish, a powerful vertebrate aging model.