bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erfahrungen mit der orthopädischen Einlagenversorgung – Eine Querschnittsstudie
Authors: Stamer Tjorven , Herchenröder Minettchen , Klee Malte W. , Götz Katja , Steinhäuser Jost 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Orthopädische Einlagen (OE) werden zur Behandlung einer Vielzahl von Fußproblemen eingesetzt.

Fragestellung
Ziel dieser Querschnittsstudie war es, die Wahrnehmungen zur Versorgung mit OE unter den Herstellern der OE, den Orthopädietechniker*innen (OT), zu untersuchen.

Methodik
OT aus den Bundesländern Schleswig-Holstein und Niedersachsen in Deutschland wurden eingeladen, an einem Fragebogen teilzunehmen. Die Fragen umfassten, unter anderem, die Menge der Verordnungen zur Herstellung einer OE pro Monat sowie die verwendeten Materialien. Es wurden deskriptive Statistiken, Subgruppenanalysen sowie eine lineare Regressionsanalyse durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Von den 312 verteilten Fragebögen wurden 159 vollständig ausgefüllt (Rücklaufquote 51 %). Die meisten der Befragten waren männlich (80 %). Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 50 Jahren. Im Durchschnitt stellten die OT 290 OE pro Monat her, wobei Kunststoff das am häufigsten verwendete Material war (73 %). OT mit einer Berufserfahrung von weniger als 20 Jahren kommen bei der Herstellung von OE eher den ärztlichen Vorgaben nach als OT mit mehr als 20 Jahren Berufserfahrung. Letztere stützen ihre Entscheidungen bei der Herstellung sowie Ausgabe von OE eher auf eigene Erfahrungen.

Schlussfolgerungen
Der Herstellungs- und Ausgabeprozess von OE gestaltet sich im Vergleich der OT unterschiedlich. Verschiedene berufliche Perspektiven der OT könnten hierbei eine Rolle spielen. Ebenso der Mangel eines standardisierten Vorgehens.
The record of Vannella species (Vannellidae, Discosea, Amoebozoa) from freshwater sources in Dakahlyia Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Marzouk Asmaa M. , Mashaly Mohamed I. , Reda Enayat S. , El-Naggar Mohamed M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe River Nile is the main source of fresh water in Egypt, where its water is used for irrigation, drinking, fisheries, industrial uses, and recreation. For sustainable utilization of the River Nile and its branches in the Nile Delta region, it is necessary to monitor regular investigation for the biodiversity of protozoan fauna in the Damietta branch and other freshwater canals in Dakahlyia Governorate. Water samples were collected monthly from different water sources, for 1 year, and examined for protozoans, using phase-contrast microscopy and recorded video films, The genus Vannella Bovee 1965 is recorded for the first time in four freshwater localities: Demietta branch of the River Nile, Mansouria Canal, Bouhia Canal, and Bahr El-Saghir Canal. A detailed morphological description with a brief report of their locomotion has been given for four morphologically different Vannella species. The locomotive form of Vannella sp.1 has a long pointed posterior tail and 2 lateral posterior processes. Such a tail was absent in other Vannella species. Vannella sp.2 is unique among other recorded species, where its locomotive form possesses a long posterior rounded tail region and a frontal hyaloplasm provided with a wavy surface that forms several lobes and finger-like processes during locomotion. In addition, the hyaloplasm produces several transverse waves that vary in thickness and density. The floating form of Vannella sp.2 is of a radial type and has comparatively long hyaline pointed and spiral pseudopodia. The process of transformation of locomotive form to floating form in Vannella sp.2 has been followed up using several recorded video films. The locomotive form of Vannella sp.3 is bear-shaped, while that of Vannella sp.4 has variable shapes from semicircular to rectangular and sometimes fan-shaped. During movement in vivo, locomotive cells of all Vannella species, except Vannella sp.1, move in nearly a straight line, but there were variations in their rate of locomotion. Vannella sp.4 recorded the highest rate (6.8 µm/s), followed by Vannella sp.2 (4.5 µm/s), Vannella sp.3 (2.4 µm/s), and finally Vannella sp.1 (1.0 µm/s). Molecular studies and transmission electron microscope examinations are still needed to confirm the precise identity of each Vannella species.
Alleviation of pulmonary fibrosis by the dual PPAR agonist saroglitazar and breast milk mesenchymal stem cells via modulating TGFß/SMAD pathway
Authors: Attia Seba Hassan , Saadawy Sara F. , El-Mahroky Samaa M. , Nageeb Mahitab M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a complex disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Limited efficacies of the available drugs drive researchers to seek for new therapies. Saroglitazar (Saro), a full (PPAR α/γ) agonist, is devoid of known PPAR-mediated adverse effects. Breast milk mesenchymal stem cells (BrMSCs) are contemplated to be the ideal cell type harboring differentiation/anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive properties. Accordingly, our aims were to investigate the potential roles of Saro and/or BrMSCs in PF and to spot their underlying protective mechanisms. In this study, PF was induced by bleomycin (BLM) via intratracheal instillation. Treatment started 14 days later. Animals were treated with oral saroglitazar (3 mg/kg daily) or intraperitoneal single BrMSCs injection (0.5 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS) containing 2 × 107 cells) or their combination with same previous doses. At the work end, 24 h following the 6 weeks of treatment period, the levels of oxidative (MDA, SOD), inflammatory (IL-1ß, IL-10), and profibrotic markers (TGF-ß, αSMA) were assessed. The autophagy-related genes (LC3, Beclin) and the expression of PPAR-α/γ and SMAD-3/7 were evaluated. Furthermore, immunohistochemical and histological work were evaluated. Our study revealed marked lung injury influenced by BLM with severe oxidative/inflammatory/fibrotic damage, autophagy inhibition, and deteriorated lung histology. Saro and BrMSCs repaired the lung structure worsened by BLM. Treatments greatly declined the oxidative/inflammatory markers. The pro-fibrotic TGF-ß, αSMA, and SMAD-3 were decreased. Contrarily, autophagy markers were increased. SMAD-7 and PPAR α/γ were activated denoting their pivotal antifibrotic roles. Co-administration of Saro and BrMSCs revealed the top results. Our findings support the study hypothesis that Saro and BrMSCs can be proposed as potential treatments for IPF.
Production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in pork backfat fermented by Mucor circinelloides
Authors: Shi Haisu , Zhang Yingtong , Lin Hao , Yan Yiran , Wang Ruhong , Wu Rina , Wu Junrui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pork backfat (PB) contains excessive saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but lacks polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Excessive SFAs can be used as a substrate for the growth of certain microorganisms that convert them into PUFAs and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and the added value of PB can be enhanced. In this study, Mucor circinelloides CBS 277.49 and Lactiplantacillus plantarum CGMCC 24189 were co-cultured for conversion of PB into fermented pork backfat (FPB) with high level of PUFAs. Our results showed that the content of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and linoleic acid (LA) in the surface of FPB reached 9.04 ± 0.14 mg/g and 107.31 ± 5.16 mg/g for 7-day fermentation, respectively. To convert the internal SFAs of PB, ultrasound combined with papain was used to promote the penetrative growth of M. circinelloides into the internal PB, and the GLA level in the third layer of fat reached 2.58 ± 0.31 mg/g FPB. The internal growth of M. circinelloides in PB was promoted by adjusting the oxygen rate and ventilation rate through the wind velocity sensor. When the oxygen rate is 2 m/s and the ventilation rate is 18 m3/h, the GLA level in the third layer of fat reached 4.13 ± 1.01 mg/g FPB. To further improve the level of PUFAs in PB, FPB was produced by M. circinelloides at 18 °C. The GLA content on the surface of FPB reached 15.73 ± 1.13 mg/g FPB, and the GLA yield in the second and third layers of fat reached 8.68 ± 1.77 mg/g FPB and 6.13 ± 1.28 mg/g FPB, the LA yield in the second and third layers of fat reached 105.45 ± 5.01 mg/g FPB and 98.46 ± 4.14 mg/g FPB, respectively. These results suggested that excessive SFAs in PB can be converted into PUFAs and provided a new technique for improving PUFAs in FPB.

Key points
• This article achieved the conversion of PUFAs in pork backfat by Mucor circinelloides CBS 277.49 and Lactiplantacillus plantarum CGMCC 24189.
• This article solved the internal growth of M. circinelloides CBS277.49 in pork backfat by ultrasound combined with papain.
• This article proposed an innovative of promoting the internal growth of M. circinelloides and increasing the PUFAs production by oxygen ventilation in pork backfat.
Profile of the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp under industrial indoor farming system
Authors: Li Meng , Ghonimy Abdallah , Chen Dai-Qiang , Li Ji-Tao , He Yu-Ying , López Greco Laura Susana , Dyzenchauz Fernando , Chang Zhi-Qiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The gut microbial communities interact with the host immunity and physiological functions. In this study, we investigated the bacterial composition in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp’s gut and rearing water under different host (developmental stage: juvenile and adult; health status: healthy and diseased) and environmental factors (temperature 25 °C and 28 °C; and light intensity: low and high). The PCoA analysis showed that all water samples were clustered together in a quarter, whereas the gut samples spread among three quarters. In terms of functional bacteria, gut samples of adult shrimp, healthy adult shrimp, adult shrimp raised at 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp under high light intensity exhibited a higher abundance of Vibrionaceae compared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, infected adult shrimp, juvenile shrimp with low light intensity, and adult shrimp with a water temperature of 25 °C showed a higher abundance of Pseudoaltromonadaceae bacteria compared to each other opposite group. Gut samples of juvenile shrimp, healthy adult shrimp, adult shrimp raised at a water temperature of 28 °C, and juvenile shrimp with high light intensity showed the higher abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio compared to each other opposite group. Our results showed that L. vannamei juveniles are more sensitive to bacterial infections; besides, water temperature of 28 °C and high light intensity groups were both important conditions improving the shrimp gut bacterial composition under industrial indoor farming systems.

Key points
• Bacteria diversity was higher among shrimp intestinal microbiota compared to the rearing water.
• Shrimp juveniles are more sensitive to bacterial infection compared to adults.
• Water temperature of 28 °C and high light intensity are recommended conditions for white shrimp aquaculture.

Graphical Abstract
First-in-human validation of a DROP-IN β-probe for robotic radioguided surgery: defining optimal signal-to-background discrimination algorithm
Authors: Collamati Francesco , Morganti Silvio , van Oosterom Matthias N. , Campana Lorenzo , Ceci Francesco , Luzzago Stefano , Mancini-Terracciano Carlo , Mirabelli Riccardo , Musi Gennaro , Nicolanti Francesca , Orsi Ilaria , van Leeuwen Fijs W. B. , Faccini Riccardo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In radioguided surgery (RGS), radiopharmaceuticals are used to generate preoperative roadmaps (e.g., PET/CT) and to facilitate intraoperative tracing of tracer avid lesions. Within RGS, there is a push toward the use of receptor-targeted radiopharmaceuticals, a trend that also has to align with the surgical move toward minimal invasive robotic surgery. Building on our initial ex vivo evaluation, this study investigates the clinical translation of a DROP-IN β probe in robotic PSMA-guided prostate cancer surgery.

Methods
A clinical-grade DROP-IN β probe was developed to support the detection of PET radioisotopes (e.g., 68 Ga). The prototype was evaluated in 7 primary prostate cancer patients, having at least 1 lymph node metastases visible on PSMA-PET. Patients were scheduled for radical prostatectomy combined with extended pelvic lymph node dissection. At the beginning of surgery, patients were injected with 1.1 MBq/kg of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA. The β probe was used to trace PSMA-expressing lymph nodes in vivo. To support intraoperative decision-making, a statistical software algorithm was defined and optimized on this dataset to help the surgeon discriminate between probe signals coming from tumors and healthy tissue.

Results
The DROP-IN β probe helped provide the surgeon with autonomous and highly maneuverable tracer detection. A total of 66 samples (i.e., lymph node specimens) were analyzed in vivo, of which 31 (47%) were found to be malignant. After optimization of the signal cutoff algorithm, we found a probe detection rate of 78% of the PSMA-PET-positive samples, a sensitivity of 76%, and a specificity of 93%, as compared to pathologic evaluation.

Conclusion
This study shows the first-in-human use of a DROP-IN β probe, supporting the integration of β radio guidance and robotic surgery. The achieved competitive sensitivity and specificity help open the world of robotic RGS to a whole new range of radiopharmaceuticals.
Optimal lamella geometry for mixed flow dryers
Authors: Keppler István , Bablena Adrienn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrying harvested grain crops prior to storage is a crucial task in the prevailing climatic conditions of Europe. Drying is an extremely energy-intensive process. Its inappropriate application leads to environmental pollution, quality deterioration, and ultimately significant financial losses. Various methods are available for conducting drying operations, with the mixed flow dryer being one of the most employed approach. The mixed flow dryer utilizes air blower systems to redirect the flow of the granulate. Previous research has indicated that uneven distribution of grain flow around the air blower lamellae can cause drying irregularities. By leveraging insights from a long-established classical mechanical problem (the Brachistochrone problem) and harnessing the explicit dynamical modelling capabilities offered by contemporary computing technology (Discrete element method), we have successfully devised an optimized lamella geometry that minimizes the non-uniformity of particle flow.
Exploring the histogenesis of STK11 adnexal tumour using electron microscopy
Authors: Mascaro Nuria , Aboelnasr Lamia Sabry , Masood Motasim , Yague Ernesto , Moran Linda , El-Bahrawy Mona 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSTK11 adnexal tumour is a recently described female genital tract tumour, usually identified in a paratubal location, often associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) and with STK11 gene alterations identified in most of the cases. Morphologically, this tumour is composed of cells arranged in a variety of patterns, including cords, trabeculae, tubules and cystic and acinar structures. The cells are only moderately pleomorphic and mitotic activity is variable. As tumour cells express epithelial, sex cord stromal and mesothelial markers, STK11 adnexal tumour may be of sex cord stromal, epithelial or mesothelial origin; a Wolffian origin has also been suggested. We report the ultrastructural features of two STK11 adnexal tumours and compare their ultrastructural features with those of other sex cord stromal tumours, a granulosa cell tumour cell line, as well as the known ultrastructural features of epithelial, mesothelial and Wolffian cells. On ultrastructural examination, two STK11 adnexal tumours showed an admixture of elongated cells with regular elongated nuclei and polygonal cells with nuclei showing markedly irregular outlines and prominent nucleoli. Extracellular collagen fibres were identified. These are common ultrastructural features of sex cord stromal tumours, principally sex cord tumour with annular tubules; no ultrastructural features of epithelial, mesothelial or Wolffian cells were found. These findings in conjunction with the shared clinical and genetic association with PJS and shared molecular changes in STK11 gene suggest that STK11 adnexal tumour represents a poorly differentiated sex cord tumour.
Kognitive Beeinträchtigung in Zusammenhang mit Schizophrenie (CIAS): Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Sachs Gabriele , Erfurth Andreas 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Schizophrenie ist eine schwere psychiatrische Störung, die mit Positiv- und Negativsymptomen sowie kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen einhergeht. Durch die Fortschritte in der Pharmakologie seit den 1950er-Jahren ist es möglich geworden, die Erkrankung deutlich positiv zu beeinflussen: Antipsychotika können die Positivsymptome der Schizophrenie sowie die Agitation in der akuten Psychose deutlich verbessern.In den letzten Jahren hat das Thema der kognitiven Beeinträchtigung im Zusammenhang mit Schizophrenie (Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia [CIAS]) zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dieser Artikel soll einen Überblick über die neuesten Entwicklungen in Diagnostik und Therapie geben. Dazu gehören die Beschreibung umfassender kognitiver Testbatterien und kurzer Screeninginstrumente, die für den klinischen Alltag relevant sind, sowie die Vorstellung von Maßnahmen zur kognitiven Remediation und neuen pharmakologischen Ansätzen.
Generating interactive documents for domain-specific validation of formal models
Authors: Vu Fabian , Happe Christopher , Leuschel Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEspecially in industrial applications of formal modeling, validation is as important as verification. Thus, it is important to integrate the stakeholders’ and the domain experts’ feedback as early as possible. In this work, we propose two approaches to enable this: (1) a static export of an animation trace into a single HTML file, and (2) a dynamic export of a classical B model as an interactive HTML document, both based on domain-specific visualizations. For the second approach, we extend the high-level code generator B2Program by JavaScript and integrate VisB visualizations alongside SimB simulations with timing, probabilistic and interactive elements. An important aspect of this work is to ease communication between modelers and domain experts. This is achieved by implementing features to run simulations, sharing animated traces with descriptions and giving feedback to each other. This work also evaluates the performance of the generated JavaScript code compared with existing approaches with Java and C++ code generation as well as the animator, constraint solver, and model checker ProB.
Reusable formal models for concurrency and communication in custom real-time operating systems
Authors: Adelt Julius , Gebker Julian , Herber Paula 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn embedded systems, the execution semantics of the real-time operating system (RTOS), which is responsible for scheduling and timely execution of concurrent processes, is crucial for the correctness of the overall system. However, existing approaches for the formal verification of embedded systems typically abstract from the RTOS completely, or provide a detailed and synthesizable formal model of the RTOS. While the former may lead to unsafe systems, the latter is not compatible with industrial design processes. In this paper, we present an approach for reusable abstract formal models that can be configured for custom RTOS. Our key idea is to formally capture common execution mechanisms of RTOS like preemptive scheduling, event synchronization, and communication abstractly in configurable timed automata models. These abstract formal models can be configured for a concrete custom RTOS, and they can be combined into a formal system model together with a concrete application. Our reusable models significantly reduce the manual effort of defining a formal model that captures concurrency and real-time behavior, together with the functionality of an application. The resulting formal model enables analysis, verification, and graphical simulation. We validate our approach by formalizing and analyzing a rescue robot application running the custom open source RTOS EV3RT.
Abdominal computed tomography scoring systems and experienced radiologists in the radiological diagnosis of small bowel and mesenteric injury
Authors: O’Toole Devin M. , Warrington Nicole V. , Matthees Nicholas G , Kupanoff Kristina M. , Bogert James N. , Jones Michael D. , Soe-Lin Hahn , Huang Dih-Dih , Weinberg Jordan A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Blunt bowel and/or mesenteric injury requiring surgery presents a diagnostic challenge. Although computed tomography (CT) imaging is standard following blunt trauma, findings can be nonspecific. Most studies have focused on the diagnostic value of CT findings in identifying significant bowel and/or mesenteric injury (sBMI). Some studies have described scoring systems to assist with diagnosis. Little attention, has been given to radiologist interpretation of CT scans. This study compared the discriminative ability of scoring systems (BIPS and RAPTOR) with radiologist interpretation in identifying sBMI.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of trauma patients with suspected sBMI. CT images were reviewed in a blinded fashion to calculate BIPS and RAPTOR scores. Sensitivity and specificity were compared between BIPS, RAPTOR, and the admission CT report with respect to identifying sBMI.

Results
One hundred sixty-two patients were identified, 72 (44%) underwent laparotomy and 43 (26.5%) had sBMI. Sensitivity and specificity were: BIPS 49% and 87%, AUC 0.75 (0.67–0.81), P < 0.001; RAPTOR 46% and 82%, AUC 0.72 (0.64–0.79), P < 0.001; radiologist impression 81% and 71%, AUC 0.82(0.75–0.87), P < 0.001. The discriminative ability of the radiologist impression was higher than RAPTOR (P = 0.04) but not BIPS (P = 0.13). There was not a difference between RAPTOR vs. BIPS (P = 0.55).

Conclusion
Radiologist interpretation of the admission CT scan was discriminative of sBMI. Although surgical vigilance, including evaluation of the CT images and patient, remains fundamental to early diagnosis, the radiologist’s impression of the CT scan can be used in clinical practice to simplify the approach to patients with abdominal trauma.