bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Depression in Parkinson’s Disease: Psychometrics and Diagnostics of the Spanish Version of the Beck Depression Inventory
Authors: D’Iorio Alfonsina , Maggi Gianpaolo , Guida Pasqualina , Aiello Edoardo Nicolò , Poletti Barbara , Silani Vincenzo , Ticozzi Nicola , Santangelo Gabriella , Obeso Ignacio 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Objective
Depression is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and requires proper diagnosis as it negatively impacts patients’ and their relatives quality of life. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric and diagnostic properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-I (BDI-I) in a Spanish PD cohort.

Method
Consecutive PD outpatients completed the Spanish version of the BDI-I and other questionnaires assessing anxiety and apathy. Patients’ caregivers completed the depression/dysphoria domain of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-D). The internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity and the factorial structure of BDI-I were evaluated, and an optimal cut-off was defined by means of the Youden index.

Results
The BDI-I proved to have a good internal consistency and was underpinned by a mono-component structure. Regarding construct validity, the BDI-I was substantially related to anxiety and apathy measures in PD. Furthermore, the BDI-I overall showed good accuracy with adequate sensitivity and specificity. The optimal cut-off point was defined at 10.

Conclusions
We provided evidence of the psychometric and diagnostic properties of the Spanish version of the BDI-I as a screening tool for depression in Spanish speaking PD patients, suggesting its usefulness in clinical research and practice.
Fed-batch cultivation of Euglena gracilis for the high-yield production and GPC-assisted molecular weight determination of paramylon
Authors: Fukuda Mizuki , Kinkawa Manato , Hayashi Masahiro 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Paramylon, a starch-like carbohydrate accumulated in Euglena gracilis cells, could be a potential source as a raw material for chemical products; its high-yield production would thus be highly desired. Although the molecular weight and polymerization degree of paramylon are important properties for its use as a raw material for chemical products, the available information about paramylon molecular weight remains insufficient. Therefore, in this study, we investigated a high-density E. gracilis culture approach and how culture conditions affect paramylon molecular weight. The nitrogen source, cultivation temperature, and nutrient feeding were optimized for maximum biomass and paramylon productivity. The maximum dry cell weight and paramylon content yields reached 108.9 g/L and 87.2%, respectively. Paramylon molecular weight was in the range of 220 000–320 000 Da. Our gel permeation chromatography analysis showed that the cells with a higher paramylon content tended to contain paramylon of a higher molecular weight.
Circulating metabolites associated with kidney function decline and incident CKD: a multi-platform population-based study
Authors: van der Burgh Anna C , Geurts Sven , Ahmad Shahzad , Ikram M Arfan , Chaker Layal , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Ghanbari Mohsen 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Investigation of circulating metabolites associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk could enhance our understanding of underlying pathways and identify new biomarkers for kidney function.

Methods
We selected participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study with data on circulating metabolites and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine (eGFRcreat) available at the same time point. Data on eGFR based on serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) were also included. CKD was defined as eGFRcreat &lt;60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Data on circulating metabolites (ntotal = 1381) was obtained from the Nightingale and Metabolon platform. Linear regression, linear mixed, and Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses were conducted to study the associations between metabolites and kidney function. We performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to investigate causality of the identified associations.

Results
We included 3337 and 1540 participants with data from Nightingale and Metabolon, respectively. A total of 1381 metabolites (243 from Nightingale and 1138 from Metabolon) were included in the analyses. A large number of metabolites were significantly associated with eGFRcreat, eGFRcys, ACR, and CKD, including 16 metabolites that were associated with all four outcomes. Among these, C-glycosyltryptophan (HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.31;1.71) and X-12026 (HR 1.46, 95%CI 1.26;1.68) were most strongly associated with CKD risk. We revealed sex differences in the associations of 11-ketoetiocholanolone glucuronide and 11-beta-glucuronide with the kidney function assessments. No causal associations between the identified metabolites and kidney function were observed.

Conclusion
Our study indicates that several circulating metabolites are associated with kidney function which are likely to have potential as biomarkers, rather than as molecules involved in the pathophysiology of kidney function decline.
Responses of birds to observers holding popguns: Hunting history influences escape behavior of urban birds
Authors: Yuan Kaiqi , Yang Shuang , Liu Jianping , Liang Wei 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Human activities affect bird behavior both directly and indirectly. Birds constantly regulate their behavior in response to human disturbance. Gun hunting, a major directional disturbance, puts enormous selection pressure on birds. In China, gun bans have been in place for nearly 30 years, and little hunting using guns occurs in modern cities. However, little attention has been paid to whether a history of hunting still affects the behavioral adaptations of urban birds. In this study, we compared the flight initiation distance (FID) of the Eurasian tree sparrow Passer montanus, Azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cyanus, Common hoopoe Upupa epops and Eurasian magpie Pica pica in the presence of observers with or without popguns. The Eurasian tree sparrow, Azure-winged magpie, and Eurasian magpie effectively recognized the difference between the observers, and perceived the armed observer as a greater threat, exhibiting earlier escape behavior, but this phenomenon was not found in the Common hoopoe. The different expressions in FID of experimental bird species in China cities may be affected by the different levels of recognition of hunting pressure due to different hunting histories.
Combined laparoscopic pyelolithotomy with retrograde intrarenal surgery in a patient with horseshoe kidney anomaly and kidney stone: a case report
Authors: Sancak Eyüp Burak , Tekin Yakup Emre , Saray Bektas 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Horseshoe kidney is the most prevalent congenital kidney fusion anomaly, affecting 0.25% of the general population and occurring in 1 in 400–1600 births. Approximately 40 percent of patients develop kidney stones due to anomalies. In our case, we aimed to perform combined laparoscopic pyelolithotomy with retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) instead of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in a patient with a horseshoe anomaly. This procedure enabled us to detect the location of the mobile stone with RIRS and then successfully extract it with laparoscopic pyelolithotomy. Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy combined with RIRS is a reasonable additional treatment option for complicated stone surgery due to horseshoe kidney anomalies.
Unraveling the Unusual Subgenomic Organization in the Neopolyploid Free-Living Flatworm Macrostomum lignano
Authors: Zadesenets Kira S , Ershov Nikita I , Bondar Natalia P , Rubtsov Nikolai B 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Whole genome duplication (WGD) is an evolutionary event resulting in a redundancy of genetic material. Different mechanisms of WGD, allo- or autopolyploidization, lead to distinct evolutionary trajectories of newly formed polyploids. Genome studies on such species are important for understanding the early stages of genome evolution. However, assembling neopolyploid is a challenging task due to the presence of 2 homologous (or homeologous) chromosome sets and therefore the existence of the extended paralogous regions in its genome. Post-WGD evolution of polyploids includes cytogenetic diploidization leading to the formation of species, whose polyploid origin might be hidden by disomic inheritance. Earlier we uncovered the hidden polyploid origin of the free-living flatworms of the genus Macrostomum (Macrostomum lignano, M. janickei, and M. mirumnovem). Cytogenetic diploidization in these species is accompanied by intensive chromosomal rearrangements including chromosomes fusions. In this study, we unravel the M. lignano genome organization through generation and sequencing of 2 sublines of the commonly used inbred line of M. lignano (called DV1) differing only in a copy number of the largest chromosome (MLI1). Using nontrivial assembly free comparative analysis of their genomes, we deciphered DNA sequences belonging to MLI1 and validated them by sequencing the pool of microdissected MLI1. Here we presented the uncommon mechanism of genome rediplodization of M. lignano, which consists of (i) presence of 3 subgenomes, which emerged via formation of large fused chromosomes and its variants, and (ii) sustaining their heterozygosity through inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangements.
Stem cell-based therapy for systemic sclerosis
Authors: Zare Moghaddam Maryam , Mousavi Mohammad Javad , Ghotloo Somayeh 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, including SSc, are prevalent, affecting autologous connective tissues and caused by the breakdown of self-tolerance mechanisms of the immune system. During the last 2 decades, stem cell therapy has been increasingly considered as a therapeutic option in various diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease, diabetes, heart disease, bone disease, renal disease, respiratory disease and haematological abnormalities such as anaemia. This is due to the unique properties of stem cells that both divide and differentiate to the specialized cells in the damaged tissue. Moreover, they impose immunomodulatory properties affecting the diseases caused by immunological abnormalities such as SSc. In the present review, the efficacy of stem cell therapy with two main types of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells, will be reviewed. Moreover, other related issues, including safety, changes in immunological parameters, suitable choice of stem cell origin, conditioning regimen and complications of stem cell treatment will be discussed.
Negative emotion reduces the discriminability of reward outcomes in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Chakravarthula Lakshman N.C , Padmala Srikanth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Reward and emotion are tightly intertwined, so there is a growing interest in mapping their interactions. However, our knowledge of these interactions in the human brain, especially during the consummatory phase of reward is limited. To address this critical gap, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study to investigate the effects of negative emotion on reward outcome processing. We employed a novel design where emotional valence (negative or neutral) indicated the type of outcome (reward or no-reward) in a choice task. We focused our functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis on the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), ventral striatum and amygdala, which were frequently implicated in reward outcome processing. In these regions of interest, we performed multi-voxel pattern analysis to specifically probe how negative emotion modulates reward outcome processing. In vmPFC, using decoding analysis, we found evidence consistent with the reduced discriminability of multi-variate activity patterns of reward vs no-reward outcomes when signaled by a negative relative to a neutral image, suggesting an emotional modulation of reward processing along the plausible common value/valence dimension. These findings advance our limited understanding of the basic brain mechanisms underlying the influence of negative emotion on consummatory reward processing, with potential implications for mental disorders, particularly anxiety and depression.
Complementary and alternative medicine carts in the inpatient rehabilitation unit
Authors: Aleman Elisabeth , Nairon Emerson B. , Sida Deseary , Olson Daiwai M. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To determine if increased accessibility to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) increases the usage of CAM interventions.

Methods:
A prospective pre-post study with a “run-in” design in a hospital with two inpatient rehabilitation floors was used. Data were analyzed with SAS v9.4.

Results:
CAM use before implementation was 2.8 (1.0); after implementation, 3.1 (0.56).

Conclusion:
Greater access to CAM materials did not significantly increase their use (P = .233). Aromatherapy was used more after increased availability, but heat and cold application decreased. Nurses valued CAM even though independent practice was not fully supported.
The Current and Future State of AI Interpretation of Medical Images
Authors: Rajpurkar P. , Lungren M. P. 
Published: November 2023

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2023;388:1981–1990)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasing role in many aspects of business and health care, including in the interpretation of medical images. This article is a review and discussion about the progress, challenges, and opportunities associated with AI in assisting radiologists and other medical professionals, in addition to risks associated with AI interpretation of images.
Does Maternal Age Affect Assisted Reproduction Technology Success Rates After Euploid Embryo Transfer? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vitagliano Amerigo , Paffoni Alessio , Vigano Paola 
Published: November 2023

(Abstracted from Fertil Steril 2023;120(2))
Despite recent advancements in assisted reproductive technology (ART), the rate of live birth in advanced-age women remains suboptimal. Although many factors likely contribute, age-related embryo aneuploidy is considered the most significant determinant of cycle outcomes and has the lowest rate among women in their middle to late 20s but rises steadily from age 31 through 43 years.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in elderly patients with lung cancer: evidence from phase 3 trials
Authors: Wang Li , Zhou Juan , Yu Xin , Su Chunxia 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
In this article, we aimed to summarize the results from recent phase III clinical trials that have evaluated the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in elderly patients with lung cancer.

Recent findings
Lung cancer is the second most diagnosed malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. ICIs have a significant role in the treatment of lung cancer, both as monotherapy and combination therapy prolonged survival benefits. At present, a significant proportion of clinical patients comprise individuals aged 70 years or older. However, the inclusion of elderly patients, particularly in clinical trials involving immunotherapy, remains inadequate, with a limited number of participants from this age group. The lack of evidence regarding the use of ICIs in elderly patients is primarily attributed to the significant underrepresentation of elderly individuals in clinical trials.

Summary
In this article, we summarize the results from recent phase III clinical trials that have evaluated the use of ICIs as first-line or second-line monotherapy, in combination with chemotherapy and other immunotherapies in elderly patients with lung cancer.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: towards a risk-based approach integrating molecular and biomarker results
Authors: Machens Andreas , Dralle Henning 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Significant advances have transformed our understanding of the molecular biology and natural history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). This progress enacted a paradigm shift with regard to routine neck dissection for medullary thyroid cancer and total adrenalectomy for pheochromoytoma. The purpose of this review is to summarize key molecular and clinical data underpinning the current risk-based approach to MEN2 that integrates molecular and biomarker results.

Recent findings
Early identification and biochemical monitoring of rearranged during transfection (RET) carriers yield important lead time. Within these ‘windows of opportunity’, total thyroidectomy alone, avoiding incremental morbidity from node dissection; ‘tissue-sparing’ subtotal adrenalectomy, balancing risks of steroid dependency with pheochromocytoma recurrence in adrenal remnants; and parathyroidectomy of enlarged glands only, weighing risks of postoperative hypoparathyroidism against hyperactive parathyroid glands left behind, are adequate therapies.

Summary
All that is needed to determine a RET carriers’ risk of medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma and/or primary hyperparathyroidism in the molecular era is patient age, underlying RET mutation, and biomarker levels. As broader testing begins to penetrate healthcare, the needle on population genomic screening and education needs to be moved forward to complete the transition from symptom-based to preventive healthcare.
Pathologic diagnosis of lung cancer – recent developments
Authors: Popper Helmut 
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review
Diagnosis of lung cancer has previously been based on the evaluation of resection specimen. However, approximately 80% of lung cancers are diagnosed in stage IV. Targeted therapy has changed the practice of pathology. Diagnosis is usually based on small biopsies or even needle aspirations. Subtyping is important, as a molecular classification has to be added.

Recent findings
Molecular analysis has to be done in adenocarcinomas and on some of the rarer carcinoma types. Molecular analysis of squamous cell carcinomas should be done in never or former smokers, as they might present with targetable oncogenes. The same applies for adenosquamous carcinomas. Both high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas should be subtyped. These subtypes might become relevant for new treatment options, currently investigated. Subtyping is done by immunohistochemistry with antibodies for ASCL1, NeuroD1, and POU2F3. In carcinoids, molecular investigation can better define cases with a higher risk of recurrence and metastasis.

Summary
Diagnosis of lung cancer is most often done on small biopsies or cytological preparations. Only a minimal number of tissues or cellular material is used for diagnosis. A considerable portion is reserved for molecular analysis. Molecular investigation is important in adenocarcinomas, but also for other rare tumor types.
The influence of urban trees and total vegetation on asthma development in children
Authors: Duquesne Louise , Anassour Laouan Sidi Elhadji , Plante Céline , Liu Ying , Zhao Naizhuo , Lavigne Éric , Zinszer Kate , Sousa-Silva Rita , Fournier Michel , J. Villeneuve Paul , Kaiser David J. , Smargiassi Audrey 
Published: November 2023

Objective:
We aimed to assess whether the influence of urban vegetation on asthma development in children (<13 years) varies by type (e.g., total vegetation, tree type, and grass) and season.

Methods:
We used a cohort of all children born in Montreal, Canada, between 2000 and 2015. Children and cases were identified from linked medico-administrative databases. Exposure to residential vegetation was estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for total vegetation and using the total area covered by deciduous and evergreen crowns for trees in 250 m buffers centered on residential postal codes. Seasonal variations in vegetation were modeled by setting values to zero on days outside of pollen and leaf-on seasons. Cox models with vegetation exposures, age as a time axis, and adjusted for sex, material deprivation, and health region were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for asthma development.

Results:
We followed 352,946 children for a total of 1,732,064 person-years and identified 30,816 incident cases of asthma. While annual vegetation (total and trees) measures did not appear to be associated with asthma development, models for pollen and leaf-on seasons yielded significant nonlinear associations. The risk of developing asthma was lower in children exposed to high levels (>33,300 m2) of deciduous crown area for the leaf-on season (HR = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.67, 0.72) and increased for the pollen season (HR = 1.07; 95% CI =1.02, 1.12), compared with unexposed children. Similar results were found with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index.

Conclusion:
The relationship between urban vegetation and childhood asthma development is nonlinear and influenced by vegetation characteristics, from protective during the leaf-on season to harmful during the pollen season.
Biceps Transfer to FDP–FPL Tendon Augmented with Fascia Lata to Restore Hand Function in Neglected Fracture Treated by Traditional Bone-setters
Authors: Meirizal Meirizal , Baskara Anak Agung Ngurah Nata , Muhammad Hilmi , Rukmoyo Tedjo 
Published: November 2023

Summary:
Neglected bone fractures owing to the traditional bone-setter practices could lead to devastating complications. We aimed to describe the procedure and outcome of fascia lata augmentation for a forearm massive soft tissue loss case. Here, we report a case of a 14-year-old boy who presented to our hospital with a history of neglected right forearm fracture 4 years prior. He had been treated by a traditional bone-setter instead of seeking professional medical help, which resulted in wide-spread infection requiring debridement and, eventually, massive soft tissue loss, wrist radial deviation deformity due to epiphyseal growth arrest, and loss of all right-hand function. Intervention performed was biceps transfer to flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) and flexor pollicis longus (FPL) tendon augmented with fascia lata with anterior capsulectomy, bilobed flap, and transfixing wire of wrist joint, followed by ulnar centralization with wrist arthrodesis. The patient reported satisfaction postreconstruction, owing to the enhancement of hand function and appearance. He also showed significant improvement in activities of daily living and penmanship, and was even able to continue his old hobby as a traditional puppeteer. Autologous fascia lata tendon transfer connecting biceps to FDP and FPL tendon alongside ulnar centralization with wrist arthrodesis is a novel technique that has promising results to improve hand function and appearance.
The Subcalcaneal Fat Pad: An Innovative Space for Passage of the Pedicle in Free Flap Reconstruction of Lateral Heel Defects
Authors: Scharfetter Sandra , Schwaiger Karl , Wechselberger Gottfried 
Published: November 2023

Summary:
Soft-tissue defects of the lateral heel remain a challenge for reconstructive surgeons. Although a reliable vascular supply for free flap anastomosis is available anteriorly from the anterior tibial vessels and medially from the posterior tibial vessels, the vascular anatomy of the lateral side lacks suitable donor vessels for free flap anastomoses. Although the pedicle can be passed either ventrally beneath the skin or dorsally between the Achilles tendon and calcaneus, these passages are hardly applicable for lateral heel defects. We identified the space between the plantar surface of the calcaneus and the plantar aponeurosis as an innovative approach for reconstruction. Therefore, we propose the subcalcaneal fat pad as an alternative and reliable route for the passage of the flap pedicle to the posterior tibial vessels in free flap reconstruction of soft-tissue defects in the lateral calcaneal region. Consequently, the vascular pedicle can be safely anastomosed to the posterior tibial vessels. This approach provides a new option for recipient vessels in free flap reconstruction.