bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child Soccer Players’ Perceptions of Strength and Conditioning Training: A Multimethod Approach Using Write, Draw, Show and Tell
Authors: Martins Ricardo , Eyre Emma , Crotti Matteo , Morris Rhys , Pattison Will , Duncan Michael 
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The use of strength and conditioning training in childhood is a hot topic surrounded by myths and misconceptions. Despite scientific evidence supporting the safety and benefits of this training for children, the lack of representation of their voices poses a challenge in designing training programs that meet their specific needs and requirements. Methods: Children’s views, experiences, and perceptions of strength and conditioning training were explored by Write, Draw, Show and Tell techniques. Sixteen grassroots soccer players aged 11–12 years took part in one of 3 focus groups exploring the topic. Data were analyzed following an inductive approach enabling themes to be explored and later deductive analyses using the Youth Physical Activity Promotion model to create pen profile diagrams. Results: Strength and conditioning were frequently associated with muscle growth, coordination, endurance, and rest. Enabling factors included autonomy, resilience, physical development, and training opportunities. Reinforcing factors included social support, social interference, coaches’ communication, role models, and the ways of implementation. Conclusions: Participants favor integrating strength and conditioning into their soccer training rather than conducting it as a separate session, which is reflected in their enjoyment. Nonetheless, children remain apprehensive about the potential effects of this type of training on their growth.
Overcoming barriers and stigma: new frontiers in solid organ transplantation for people with HIV
Authors: Storm K. , Durand C. M. 
Published: January 2024

SUMMARY
There is a growing need for solid organ transplantation (SOT) for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV are experiencing increased life expectancies and are, therefore, developing more comorbidities, including end-stage organ disease. In cases of advanced organ failure, SOT is often the best therapeutic option to improve quality of life and overall survival. As organ shortages persist, transplantation of organs from donors with HIV to recipients with HIV has become a potential therapeutic option. This article first reviews the current state of organ transplantation from donors without HIV to recipients with HIV (HIV D−/R+) by organ and discusses key lessons learned from these transplant trials, including those about drug-drug interactions, rejection, and opportunistic infections. It then explores transplantation from donors with HIV to recipients with HIV (HIV D+/R+), a new frontier. Finally, it investigates challenges of implementation, including public awareness and regulatory requirements, and explores future directions for SOT in people living with HIV.
The atypical organization of the
luxI/R
family genes in AHL-driven quorum-sensing circuits
Authors: Cai Yuyuan , Zhang Xuehong 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Quorum sensing (QS) is an elaborate regulatory mechanism associated with virulence and bacterial adaptation to the changing environment. QS is widespread in
Proteobacteria
and acts primarily through
N
-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) signals. At the core of the AHL-driven QS systems are the AHL synthase gene (
luxI
family) and its cognate transcriptional regulator gene (
luxR
family). Several QS systems display one or more genes intervening between the
luxI and luxR
, in which gene arrangements are notably different due to the relative position and the transcriptional orientation between the essential
luxI/R
and the genes of location correlation. These adjacent genes may exert a regulatory impact on the primary QS genes or contribute toward an extension of QS regulatory control. In this review, we describe the organization of AHL-driven QS genes based on previous research and specific genome databases and provide new insights into these atypical QS gene arrangements.
Vegetation and channel recovery ten years following the Waldo Canyon Fire of Colorado
Authors: Chin Anne , Burton Jonathan W. , Humphreys Kevin M. , Florsheim Joan L. , Kinoshita Alicia M. , Andreano Emily C. , Eckermann Trevor K. 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Although wildfire alters the hydrogeomorphic functioning of river systems through removal of vegetation and changes in soil properties, knowledge of postfire recovery has come primarily from studies in the initial years following fire. This paper reports biogeomorphic responses to the 2012 Waldo Canyon Fire of Colorado, USA, over a longer time frame, ten years after the fire. Extending an early study of three initial postfire years through 2014, this project tracked changes in channel morphology and grain size through 2021 by resurveying three channel reaches in Williams Canyon affected by moderate- and severe-intensity burn. Analysis of patterns of postfire rainfall and changes in vegetation cover since the burn, which was proxied by the satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), also enabled inferences about the processes of biogeomorphic recovery over this intermediate time frame. Results showed trajectories of channel recovery toward redevelopment of step-pool bedforms—by aggradation where the initial response was incision, and removal of postfire fine sediment where it may have buried bedforms. An overall coarsening of bed material accompanied these channel adjustments. These changes occurred coincident with initial vegetation regrowth, with changes in the NDVI exhibiting variability. The emergence of large wood in the study channels after the initial years—from felled trees and cut logs contributed by management activity—influenced channel adjustment and introduced further spatial and temporal variability in channel morphology and grain-size distributions. The stability, movement, and influence of the burned wood and cut logs, therefore, become important variables in the long-term adjustment of the fluvial system after wildfire. Greater understanding of the recovery of burned fluvial systems in the intermediate time frame is increasingly important as wildfires grow in frequency and magnitude under warming climate regimes.
Translating the potential of the urine steroid metabolome to stage NAFLD (TrUSt-NAFLD): study protocol for a multicentre, prospective validation study
Authors: Miller Hamish , Harman David , Aithal Guruprasad Padur , Manousou Pinelopi , Cobbold Jeremy F , Parker Richard , Sheridan David , Newsome Philip N , Karpe Fredrik , Neville Matthew , Arlt Wiebke , Sitch Alice J , Korbonits Marta , Biehl Michael , Alazawi William , Tomlinson Jeremy W 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately one in four individuals and its prevalence continues to rise. The advanced stages of NAFLD with significant liver fibrosis are associated with adverse morbidity and mortality outcomes. Currently, liver biopsy remains the ‘gold-standard’ approach to stage NAFLD severity. Although generally well tolerated, liver biopsies are associated with significant complications, are resource intensive, costly, and sample only a very small area of the liver as well as requiring day case admission to a secondary care setting. As a result, there is a significant unmet need to develop non-invasive biomarkers that can accurately stage NAFLD and limit the need for liver biopsy. The aim of this study is to validate the use of the urine steroid metabolome as a strategy to stage NAFLD severity and to compare its performance against other non-invasive NAFLD biomarkers.Methods and analysisThe TrUSt-NAFLD study is a multicentre prospective test validation study aiming to recruit 310 patients with biopsy-proven and staged NAFLD across eight centres within the UK. 150 appropriately matched control patients without liver disease will be recruited through the Oxford Biobank. Blood and urine samples, alongside clinical data, will be collected from all participants. Urine samples will be analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy to quantify a panel of predefined steroid metabolites. A machine learning-based classifier, for example, Generalized Matrix Relevance Learning Vector Quantization that was trained on retrospective samples, will be applied to the prospective steroid metabolite data to determine its ability to identify those patients with advanced, as opposed to mild-moderate, liver fibrosis as a consequence of NAFLD.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethical approval was granted by West Midlands, Black Country Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 21/WM/0177). A substantial amendment (TrUSt-NAFLD-SA1) was approved on 26 November 2021.Trial registration numberISRCTN19370855.
Protocol of the development of a core outcome set for stroke in multidimensional value assessment of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Yuan Jing , Yang Lei , Li Minghui , Bai Jingwen , Cheng Yinjie , Feng Yuan , Zhao Jing , Lu Kevin 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionStroke is the most common cause of death in China. In Chinese clinical practise, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and integrative medicine have been widely used as adjuvant therapies for the treatment of stroke. However, their clinical effectiveness, particularly their clinical value, has been inconsistent in the literature mainly because various outcome measures have been used and reported in clinical research. Hence, obtaining a comprehensive list of outcomes for TCM value assessment is crucial for a multidimensional value assessment. Therefore, the main objective of this protocol was to develop an outcome set used in health technology assessment (HTA) decision-making for TCM treatment of stroke.Methods and analysisThe outcome set will be developed in four phases: (1) we will perform a systematic literature review to identify candidate outcomes that have been previously measured in published studies; (2) we will develop a comprehensive list of outcome measures by conducting a multistakeholder semistructured interview; (3) we will conduct two-round Delphi surveys to prioritise outcomes for each HTA domain; and (4) we will finalise the outcome sets by holding a ratification meeting with multiple stakeholder groups. The developed outcome set should be measured and reported as the minimum set of outcomes for HTA assessment for the TCM treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Minhang Hospital of Fudan University. Our findings will be shared at academic conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.
Assessing the health needs of children and young people accessing paediatric hospital services: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hindocha Avni , Brennan Louise , Brewster Liz , Lunn Judith , Isba Rachel 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionHealth needs are issues that face a population or specific groups, which can benefit from healthcare and wider social and environmental changes. They are inextricably linked to health inequalities, which are largely determined by non-health-related factors such as socioeconomic deprivation or belonging to ethnic minority groups. The hospital-accessing paediatric population, with higher rates of morbidity and mortality, are likely to have higher levels of met and unmet health needs related to social determinants, compared with their peers. As the gap in health inequalities widens globally, paediatric health services may now have an increasingly important role to play in identifying and acting on inequalities affecting their patient population. This scoping review aims to collate information on how children’s hospitals assess the health and wider health-related social needs of patients using a health inequalities lens. On a broader level, the review may also reveal themes about healthcare and other health needs of children accessing hospitals globally.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. A search strategy will be described to identify published articles from healthcare databases worldwide as well as healthcare-related grey literature. Literature will be examined to identify methods that aim to assess the health and related social needs of hospital-accessing paediatric patients and will exclude literature published before 2010. Two or more reviewers will independently review the results of the searches using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Study findings will be presented in tabular form detailing the assessments identified.Ethics and disseminationThe review will synthesise information on hospital approaches to understand and assess the health and health-related social needs of children and young people worldwide. The findings will be used to inform guidelines for children’s hospitals in the UK and will be disseminated through national and international professional bodies, conferences and research papers.
Understanding attitudes and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccines among transitional-aged youth with mental health concerns: a youth-led qualitative study
Authors: Artna Erin , Abi-Jaoudé Alexxa , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Perry Claire , Johnson Andrew , Wun Charlotte , Kozloff Nicole , Henderson Jo , Levinson Andrea , Buchman Daniel Z 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundTransitional-aged youth (16–29 years) with mental health concerns have experienced a disproportionate burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccination is limited in this population; however, determinants of its vaccine hesitancy are not yet thoroughly characterised.ObjectivesThis study aimed to answer the following research question: What are the beliefs and attitudes of youth with mental illness about COVID-19 vaccines, and how do these perspectives affect vaccine acceptance? The study aims to generate findings to inform the development of vaccine resources specific to youth with mental health concerns.MethodsA qualitative methodology with a youth engagement focus was used to conduct in-depth semistructured interviews with transitional-aged youth aged 16–29 years with one or more self-reported mental health diagnoses or concerns. Mental health concerns encompassed a wide range of symptoms and diagnoses, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders and personality disorders. Participants were recruited from seven main mental health clinical and support networks across Canada. Transcripts from 46 youth and 6 family member interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsTwo major themes were generated: (1) factors affecting trust in COVID-19 vaccines and (2) mental health influences and safety considerations in vaccine decision-making. Subthemes included trust in vaccines, trust in healthcare providers, trust in government and mistreatment towards racialised populations, and direct and indirect influences of mental health.ConclusionsOur analysis suggests how lived experiences of mental illness affected vaccine decision-making and related factors that can be targeted to increase vaccine uptake. Our findings provide new insights into vaccine attitudes among youth with mental health concerns, which is highly relevant to ongoing vaccination efforts for new COVID-19 strains as well as other transmissible diseases and future pandemics. Next steps include cocreating youth-specific public health and clinical resources to encourage vaccination in this population.
Interaction between parental myopia and children lifestyle on the incidence of myopia among children aged 6–18 years: a cross-sectional study in Tianjin, China
Authors: Li Tongtong , Yang Jing , Yan Jing , Yao Xuyang , Du Bei , Wu Qi , Meng Xiangda , Liu Yuanyuan , Lu Yuezhu , Wang Qihua , Yang Qiang , Kee Chea-su , Tham Clement C , Wei Ruihua , Huang Guowei , Yan Hua 
Published: January 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the influence of the interaction between parental myopia and lifestyle on myopia among school-age children.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study used data from the Tianjin Child and Adolescent Research of Eye between August and October 2022.ParticipantsA total of 49 035 participants between 6 and 18 years of age were eligible for this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the interaction between eye-healthy lifestyle and parental myopia on myopia. Parental myopia and eye-healthy lifestyle were ascertained by a Child and Adolescent Behavior Questionnaire. The lifestyle risk score (LRS) of eye health was calculated based on beta-coefficient in the backward regression model. The interaction between LRS and parental myopia was analysed by multivariate logistic regression. The predictive value of different predicted models was estimated using receiver operating characteristic curves. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the associations of lifestyle risk factors and parental myopia with spherical equivalent refraction, which were defined as the secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 31 839 participants aged 6–18 years were included, and the myopia prevalence was 55.46%. Eye-healthy lifestyle and parental myopia were significantly associated with myopia, as was interaction. The predictive value for LRS & parental myopia was 0.714 (95% CI: 0.709 to 0.720), which was higher than LRS (0.693, 95% CI: 0.687 to 0.699) and parental myopia (0.710, 95% CI: 0.704 to 0.716) separately.ConclusionsHigh-risk lifestyles of myopia and parental myopia were significantly associated with a higher risk of myopia, and the combination had the strongest effect. For children, lifestyle adjustment should be prioritised in preventing myopia, especially for those with parental myopia.
Antecedents and service contact in an observational study of 242 suicide deaths in middle-aged men in England, Scotland and Wales, 2017
Authors: Graney Jane , Ibrahim Saied , Tham Su-Gwan , Turnbull Pauline , Appleby Louis , Kapur Nav , Rodway Cathryn 
Published: January 2024

IntroductionMiddle-aged men are the demographic group at highest risk of dying by suicide. We conducted a national study of deaths by suicide in men in mid-life to investigate the stresses they face before they take their lives and their contact with services that could be preventative.MethodsThis study is a detailed descriptive examination of suicide in a sample of men aged 40–54 who died by suicide in England, Scotland and Wales in 2017, based on national mortality data. We extracted information on the antecedents of suicide from official investigations, mainly coroner inquests and police death reports.ResultsIn 2017, there were 1516 suicides by middle-aged men, representing 25% of all suicide deaths. Of the 288 suicide deaths in middle-aged men randomly selected for review, we obtained data about antecedents on 242 (84%). Many were unmarried (161, 67%). We found a complex pattern of stresses and recent adversity before suicide including economic adversity (139, 57%), physical ill-health (125, 52%), self-harm (106, 44%), alcohol and/or drug misuse (119, 49%), and bereavement (82, 34%; including by suicide, 14, 6%). Most men (220, 91%) had known contact with healthcare, justice system or other support services—67% (n=162) in the previous 3 months, 38% (n=91) in the previous week. Contact with multiple agencies was reported for 17% of men.ConclusionsA mix of long-standing and recent risks contribute to suicide risk in men in mid-life. Economic stresses, including unemployment, financial and housing problems, are particularly important factors in this group. Contrary to our expectations, most men were in contact with support services. Economic support (especially at a time of severe economic pressure), addressing isolation, joint working with the voluntary sector, and addressing specific stresses, such as bereavement, may help reduce risk.
Dissociation in hepatic vein pressure gradient, liver stiffness measurement and complications in histological subtypes of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease
Authors: Bihari Chhagan , Dhariwal Sneha , Shasthry Saggere Murlikrishna , Rastogi Archana , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Background and aimsPortosinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) is a broad term encompassing varied histological patterns with changes in portal tracts and sinusoids without cirrhosis. We aimed to assess whether there is any clinical and pathological difference among the various histological categories of PSVD.Patients and methodsThis study included liver biopsy cases classified as PSVD (2020–2022). Clinical and laboratory parameters were obtained from the electronic records. PSVD cases were histologically categorised as obliterative portal venopathy (OPV), OPV with fibrosis (OPV-F), incomplete septal cirrhosis (ISC), nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH), mega sinusoids with fibrosis (MSF) and unclassified. Follow-up complications were recorded.ResultsPSVD categories were OPV (45 (26%)), OPV-F (37 (21.4%)), ISC (20 (11.6%)), NRH (19 (11%)), MSF (19 (11%)) and unclassified (33 (19%)). Elevated hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) was noted in OPV-F (10 (IQR: 12–14.7)) and ISC (12 (IQR: 9–14)) mm Hg with higher fibrosis quantity in liver tissue and elevated procollagen III aminoterminal propeptide, which correlated with HVPG. On immunohistochemistry, OPV-F and ISC showed lesser expression of ADAMT13 in liver biopsies (p<0.001). On follow-up, ascites development was more in OPV-F and ISC than in other categories (p=0.001). Higher liver stiffness measurement (LSM) values were recorded in MSF and NRH, compared with other categories, but it did not correlate with fibrosis in liver biopsy.ConclusionsOPV-F and ISC had higher HVPG, fibrosis, and more ascites development on follow-up than the other categories of PSVD, and all are not the same. In contrast, MSF and NRH have spuriously high LSM.
Association of HFA-PEFF score with clinical outcomes after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Okada Taiji , Kitai Takeshi , Kobori Atsushi , Sano Madoka , Murai Ryosuke , Toyota Toshiaki , Sasaki Yasuhiro , Taniguchi Tomohiko , Kim Kitae , Ehara Natsuhiko , Kinoshita Makoto , Furukawa Yutaka 
Published: January 2024

BackgroundThe Heart Failure Association Pretest assessment, echocardiography and natriuretic peptide, functional testing and final aetiology (HFA-PEFF) score has been developed for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to investigate whether preprocedural HFA-PEFF score could be used to predict clinical outcomes in patients with AF who underwent catheter ablation (CA).MethodsOverall, 1679 patients with AF who underwent primary CA (71±10 years, 1218 males (72.5%), median follow-up duration 3.3 years) from July 2011 to December 2019 were included in this retrospective study. HFpEF was defined as an HFA-PEFF score ≥5. The primary study outcome was 5-year major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), which is a composite of all-cause death, hospitalisation for heart failure (HF) and hospitalisation for stroke.ResultsThe prevalence of HFpEF was 32.3%, but only 7.7% were diagnosed with HF at the time of CHADS2scoring. Five-year MACCE occurred in 77 patients (4.6%). The cumulative 5-year incidence of MACCE was significantly higher in the HFpEF group than in the non-HFpEF group (11.2% vs 4.8% at 5 years, p<0.001). In the multivariable analysis, HFpEF by the HFA-PEFF score was associated with MACCE (adjusted HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.65, p=0.041).ConclusionsEarly detection of HFpEF using the HFA-PEFF score may have clinical applications in guiding therapeutic decision-making and improving prognosis by preventing HF and stroke in patients with AF undergoing CA.