bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red sacaca essential oil-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers optimized by factorial design: cytotoxicity and cellular reactive oxygen species levels
Authors: Chura Sofia Santos Donaire , Memória Kathelen Anne Sudo , Lopes Amanda Tibães , Pelissari Franciele Maria , Da Silveira João Vinícios Wirbitzki , Bezerra Jaqueline de Araújo , Chaves Francisco Celio Maia , Rodrigues Ana Paula , Faria Jerusa Araújo Quintão Arantes , Carneiro Guilherme 
Published: October 2023

Amazonian flora includes several species with the potential to develop pharmaceutical and biotechnological products. The essential oils from Amazonian species possess some biological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. The essential oil of red sacaca (RSO), Croton cajucara Benth., contains metabolites characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are an advantageous alternative for the effective delivery of drugs because they can solubilize lipophilic actives and reduce their cytotoxicity. This study aimed to optimize the synthesis of RSO-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-RSO) using a 23 factorial design and investigate their antioxidant and cytotoxic effects. The red sacaca essential oil (RSO) metabolite profile was characterized using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS), identifying 33 metabolites, with linalool and 7-hydroxy-calamenene as the major ones, as reported in the literature. The optimized NLC-RSO formulation had a particle size less than 100 nm and a polydispersity index lower than 0.25. After characterizing NLC-RSO using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential, moisture content, and wettability, in vitro cytotoxicity were performed in A549 and BEAS-2B cell lines using the resazurin metabolism assay. The data indicated a lower IC50 for RSO than for NLC-RSOs in both cell lines. Furthermore, low cytotoxicity of blank nanoparticles (blank NP) and medium chain triglycerides-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC-MCT) towards both pulmonary cell lines was noted. At a concentration of 50–100 μg/mL, free RSO exhibited higher cytotoxicity than NLC-RSO, demonstrating the protective effect of this lipid carrier in reducing cytotoxicity during metabolite delivery. Similarly, free RSO showed higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging than NLC-RSO, also indicating this protective effect. The 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assay did not show differences between the treatments at higher but non-cytotoxic dosages. Taken together, our results suggest that NLC-RSOs are potential RSO delivery systems for applications related to cancer treatment.
Quality control of Ganoderma lucidum by using C, H, O, and N stable isotopes and C and N contents for geographical traceability
Authors: Zhang Ying , Jiang Kunxia , Chen Sisi , Wang Lina , Zhang Xun , Xu Wen , Yam Mun Fei , Wu Changhui , Xu Wei , Lin Yu 
Published: October 2023

RationaleGanoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) is a popular medicinal fungus that has been used in traditional medicine for decades, with its provenance influencing its medicinal and commercial worth. The amount of active ingredients and the price of G. lucidum from different origins vary significantly; hence, fraudulent labeling is common. Reliable techniques for G. lucidum geographic verification are urgently required to safeguard the interests of consumers, producers, and honest dealers. A stable isotope is widely acknowledged as a useful traceability technique and could be developed to confirm the geographical origin of G. lucidum.MethodsG. lucidum samples from various sources and in varying stages were identified by using δ13C, δD, δ18O, δ15N, C, and N contents combined with chemometric tools. Chemometric approaches, including PCA, OPLS-DA, PLS, and FLDA models, were applied to the obtained data. The established models were used to trace the origin of G. lucidum from various sources or track various stages of G. lucidum.ResultsIn the stage model, the δ13C, δD, δ18O, δ15N, C, and N contents were considered meaningful variables to identify various stages of G. lucidum (bud development, growth, and maturing) using PCA and OPLS-DA and the findings were validated by the PLS model rather than by only four variables (δ13C, δD, δ18O, and δ15N). In the origin model, only four variables, namely δ13C, δD, δ18O, and δ15N, were used. PCA divided G. lucidum samples into four clusters: A (Zhejiang), B (Anhui), C (Jilin), and D (Fujian). The OPLS-DA model could be used to classify the origin of G. lucidum. The model was validated by other test samples (Pseudostellaria heterophylla), and the external test (G. lucidum) by PLS and FLDA models demonstrated external verification accuracy of up to 100%.ConclusionC, H, O, and N stable isotopes and C and N contents combined with chemometric techniques demonstrated considerable potential in the geographic authentication of G. lucidum, providing a promising method to identify stages of G. lucidum.
Pilot study of attentional retraining for postpartum smoking relapse
Authors: Forray Ariadna , Gunter-Riley R. Gwen , Maltz Caro , Waters Andrew J. 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionTobacco smoking is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. The perinatal period provides a unique opportunity for intervention, as many smokers quit smoking during pregnancy but relapse postpartum. Novel relapse prevention interventions that reduce the burden of treatment attendance in this population are needed. Attentional retraining (AR) has been shown to reduce attentional biases toward smoking-related stimuli, a cognitive process implicated in smoking, AR has not been applied to perinatal smokers, and the effect of AR on craving and smoking is not clear. The goal of this study was to evaluate the delivery of AR for smoking cues in perinatal smokers utilizing a mobile intervention.MethodsThis pilot study utilized Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methodology delivered on a mobile device to examine the relapse process and evaluate the utility of AR in former smokers attempting to remain abstinent postpartum. AR (or Control Training) was administered to abstinent smokers (N = 17) for up to 2 weeks both before and after delivery.ResultsAll 17 participants completed the study. There was evidence that AR reduced attentional bias in the AR group (vs. Controls). There was no evidence that AR reduced craving. An exploratory analysis revealed that there was no evidence that AR reduced smoking during the study period.DiscussionAR using EMA methodology via a mobile device is feasible in perinatal smokers. Further research using larger samples is required to evaluate the utility of mobile AR in reducing craving and smoking.
Development and evaluation of a tailored mHealth parenting program for multicultural families: a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Son Hyunmi , Han Gyumin 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveHealth management of children during early childhood requires substantial information. Multicultural families find it difficult to obtain and use parenting-relevant information for their young children. This study aimed to develop, implement, and evaluate a tailored Health parenting program and lay-health workers’ support to improve children’s health in multicultural families in Korea.MethodsIn this study, we employed the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model as the conceptual framework, guiding the creation of a tailored mHealth application supplemented by a lay-health worker support module. The efficacy of the program was assessed through an experimental three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. A total of 101 participants were stratified into three distinct groups as follows: (1) Experimental Group A, which received the mHealth program alongside the lay-health worker support component; (2) Experimental Group B, exposed solely to the mHealth program; and (3) Control Group, devoid of any intervention. Within these groups, 101 marriage migrant women hailing from Vietnam, the Philippines, and China were incorporated, with each group comprising 33, 30, and 38 participants, respectively. The study’s primary endpoint encompassed a comprehensive assessment of health-promoting behaviors, proficiency in eHealth literacy, and the family strength.ResultsThe analysis revealed noteworthy interactions among the three distinct groups over the course of time, with implications for health-promotion behaviors (p = 0.041), eHealth literacy (p = 0.037), and family strength (p = 0.044). Specifically, the experimental groups exhibited substantially elevated levels of the specified outcome variables when contrasted with the control group. Notably, the positive effects persisted even up to 12 weeks subsequent to the conclusion of the intervention, underscoring the program’s capacity to foster enduring improvements in the observed metrics.ConclusionThis study highlights the benefits of offering contextually appropriate information to target groups constrained by challenges in information access, evaluation, and utilization. Notably, drawing from their positive experiences in this process, we underscore the importance of employing lay health workers. These workers play a crucial role in fostering and ensuring sustained behavioral changes.
Should environmental taxes be imposed on agriculture? Analysis from the welfare perspective
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Wu Guangpu , Guo Ying , Zhang Xiaran 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionEnvironmental taxation is an essential regulatory tool for governments seeking to optimize agricultural production, enhance the environment, and guarantee food safety. Concerns exist, however, regarding the imposition of environmental taxes on agriculture, as this could be detrimental to the interests of agricultural producers and consumers. To address these challenges, it is essential to integrate agricultural production, environmental protection, and economic development, which can better comprehend the effects of agricultural environmental taxes on production decisions, the environment, the economy, and society.MethodsTo better comprehend the effects of agricultural environmental taxes on production decisions, the environment, the economy, and society, this paper constructs a mathematical model and analyzes optimal outcomes from a welfare perspective. The study examines the structure of consumer groups, classifying them as either green or non-green.Results and discussionFirst, when both consumer groups coexist on the market, imposing environmental taxes on non-green agricultural producers does not always result in a reduction in social welfare. Within a specific tax range, it is possible to accomplish a tripling of social welfare, agricultural producer welfare, and environmental benefits. Second, as the tax rate rises, the environment progressively improves while consumer surplus diminishes. Within a particular tax range, producer surplus and social welfare both increase. Third, as the proportion of green consumers in the market and ordinary consumers’ awareness of green agricultural foods increases, the positive impact of taxation on the environment decreases, while its positive impact on producer surplus and consumer surplus increases. Taxation can also have a positive effect on the social welfare under certain conditions.ContributionsFirst, we comprehensively investigate the feasibility of agricultural environmental taxation from a welfare perspective, considering market competition and segmentation, which fills a gap in previous studies. Second, we establish a reasonable range for taxation that simultaneously enhances social welfare, producer welfare, and environmental benefits. Third, we explore the relationship between market segmentation structure, ordinary consumers’ awareness of green agricultural foods, and welfare, providing insights into the different attitudes of countries and regions toward agricultural environmental taxation.
Investigating the effect of autograft diameter for quadriceps and patellar tendons use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a biomechanical analysis using a simulated Lachman test
Authors: Amirouche Farid , Solitro Giovanni Francesco , Gligor Brandon Zachary , Hutchinson Mark , Koh Jason 
Published: October 2023

IntroductionCurrent clinical practice suggests using patellar and quadriceps tendon autografts with a 10 mm diameter for ACL reconstruction. This can be problematic for patients with smaller body frames. Our study objective was to determine the minimum diameter required for these grafts. We hypothesize that given the strength and stiffness of these respective tissues, they can withstand a significant decrease in diameter before demonstrating mechanical strength unviable for recreating the knee's stability.MethodsWe created a finite element model of the human knee with boundary conditions characteristic of the Lachman test, a passive accessory movement test of the knee performed to identify the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The Mechanical properties of the model's grafts were directly obtained from cadaveric testing and the literature. Our model estimated the forces required to displace the tibia from the femur with varying graft diameters.ResultsThe 7 mm diameter patellar and quadriceps tendon grafts could withstand 55–60 N of force before induced tibial displacement. However, grafts of 5.34- and 3.76-mm diameters could only withstand upwards of 47 N and 40 N, respectively. Additionally, at a graft diameter of 3.76 mm, the patellar tendon experienced 234% greater stiffness than the quadriceps tendon, with similar excesses of stiffness demonstrated for the 5.34- and 7-mm diameter grafts.ConclusionsThe patellar tendon provided a stronger graft for knee reconstruction at all diameter sizes. Additionally, it experienced higher maximum stress, meaning it dissociates force better across the graft than the quadriceps tendon. Significantly lower amounts of force were required to displace the tibia for the patellar and quadriceps tendon grafts at 3.76- and 5.34-mm graft diameters. Based on this point, we conclude that grafts below the 7 mm diameter have a higher chance of failure regardless of graft selection.
Soft Quantization Using Entropic Regularization
Authors: Lakshmanan Rajmadan , Pichler Alois 
Published: October 2023

The quantization problem aims to find the best possible approximation of probability measures on Rd using finite and discrete measures. The Wasserstein distance is a typical choice to measure the quality of the approximation. This contribution investigates the properties and robustness of the entropy-regularized quantization problem, which relaxes the standard quantization problem. The proposed approximation technique naturally adopts the softmin function, which is well known for its robustness from both theoretical and practicability standpoints. Moreover, we use the entropy-regularized Wasserstein distance to evaluate the quality of the soft quantization problem’s approximation, and we implement a stochastic gradient approach to achieve the optimal solutions. The control parameter in our proposed method allows for the adjustment of the optimization problem’s difficulty level, providing significant advantages when dealing with exceptionally challenging problems of interest. As well, this contribution empirically illustrates the performance of the method in various expositions.
Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Paraná: a oportunidade de reestruturação em meio às dificuldades de implantação da nova Lei de Licitações e Contratos
Authors: Machado Fernando Ferreira 
Published: October 2023

Após a desvinculação da Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR), o Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Paraná (CBMPR) finalmente alcançou a sua autonomia administrativa e financeira. Agora que a corporação paranaense caminha com seus próprios pés, o desafio imediato é a reorganização de sua estrutura organizacional para promover o crescimento afim de reposicioná-la. No entanto, em meio ao pleno processo de transição da desvinculação, houve a aplicação cogente da nova Lei de Licitações e Contratos Administrativos – Lei Federal nº. 14.133/2021, a qual apresenta a governança como o alicerce e essência das contratações públicas. Assim, a nova era das contratações públicas se apresenta como um desafio, mas também como uma oportunidade ao CBMPR, pois é o momento adequado para a implementação de novos processos e estruturas que contemplem e atendam as disposições do novo regime jurídico trazido pela Lei Federal nº. 14.133/2021. Portanto, essa pesquisa foi conduzida pela abordagem qualitativa baseada na técnica da observação assistemática. Assim, ao final apresenta-se a proposta de reestruturação do Comando Regional, especialmente da CRB3, que permitirá minimamente a atuação de planejamento, orçamento, compras e logística com espelhamento a ações praticadas na Diretoria de Apoio Logístico e Financeiro (DALF), a partir da criação do Projeto Atividade nos Comandos Regionais de Bombeiro Militar (CRBMs).
Project-Based Learning Model for Fifth Grade Students: Testing Theme 2 Thematic Teaching Materials Validity
Authors: Nasti Betridamela , Alwi Nur Azmi 
Published: October 2023

Education will be better and more focused by following an increasingly sophisticated era. Environmental changes that are progressively developing also affect the development of education. The 2013 curriculum has a more complex level of material than before. Therefore, effectiveness in the teaching and learning process must be improved, one of which is in learning tools. Teaching materials are a set of learning activities that affect the effectiveness of delivering material to students. The purpose of this research is to produce tematic teaching materials theme 2 that are effective and efficient using the Project Based on the Learning model. Tematic teaching materials theme 2 are developed based on an analysis of students and teachers. The analysis uses the 4D model technique, which uses four stages. The four stages are definition, design, development, and dissemination. The data was obtained from the results of interviews and questionnaires. The preparation of teaching materials begins with observation and content validation by a team of experts. This research produces teaching materials based on the PJBL model with good validity.
Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students Based on Local Wisdom Through the Making of Jumputan Batik Fabric in Elementary School
Authors: Anang Anang Ma'ruf , Fathoni Ahmad , Wulandari Murfiah Dewi , Prastiwi Yeny , Rahmawati Laili Etika 
Published: October 2023

The independent curriculum was launched in the form of a learning design that provides opportunities for teachers to explore local wisdom content that is integrated into learning. The Pancasila student profile, with six dimensions, serves as a valuable resource for both educators and students in undertaking initiatives related to the creation of jumputan batik cloth. The objective of this research is to examine the extent to which the initiative enhances the profile of Pancasila students by using local wisdom in the production of jumputan batik fabric. The present study employed a descriptive qualitative methodology utilising a case study technique. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Informants for interviews in this study were the principal and 2 class teachers, and research locations at a private Islamic School in Surakarta. Data were analyzed by data reduction process, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students based on local wisdom entitled making jumputan batik cloth can lead to: (1) dimensions of Faith, Fear of God Almighty, and noble characterreflected in the activity pray before the implementation of the project. (2) The Global Diversity Dimension which is reflected in the activities of each group Provide input and opinion on the results of the project, (3) cooperative dimensionreflected in joint activities in one project group, (4) creative dimension reflected in the creative activities of creating and producing original project works.
The Impact of SAVI Learning Model on Students' Speaking Skills for Elementary Levels
Authors: Hamsiah Andi , Asdar Asdar , Batau St. Haliah 
Published: October 2023

The field of education in modern times has advanced quickly. Learning is made easier by educators and school infrastructure. Every student's potential is still being maximized through ongoing design improvements in the teaching and learning process. This research investigates the effectiveness of the SAVI (Somatic, Auditory, Visual, Intellectual) model on the students' speaking skills. The research employs true experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design, which gives a test before and after the treatment using the SAVI model. The sample of this study is two classes, namely class VA as the experimental class, totaling 30 students, and class VB as the control class, totaling 34 students. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, test, and documentation, which are analyzed with descriptive statistics. The data is analyzed using the inferential test formula (t-test). The results showed that the SAVI model was effectively used in learning students' speaking skills. It can be seen from the results of the hypothesis, namely the value of t_count 2.47 and 2.00 so that the results are accepted and rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive impact of the SAVI learning model on students' speaking skills. The teacher can apply this model in teaching the students whose grades are below the class average so that this method can be used in learning students' speaking skills in Indonesian subjects.
A Review of Culture-Based Learning at Primary Level In Indonesia
Authors: Patras Yuyun Elizabeth , Juliani Ai , Nurhasanah Nina , Maksum Arifin , Hidayat Rais 
Published: October 2023

This study aims to present a review of culture-based learning in primary school. The results of research have been found in several articles related to the implementation of culturally responsive teaching (CRT) or culture based learning. The findings in these articles were then used as a basis for formulating a new way of discussing culture-based learning (CRT) at the primary school level. The methodology used in this study is a literature search of articles in both Indonesian and English in 2018-2021 sourced from Google Scholar, Scopus.com, and Garuda search sites using the keywords “implementation of culturally responsive teaching”, “implementation of culture-based learning". The data analysis procedure was performed based on a qualitative approach. The research results show that culture-based learning or CRT can be implemented in learning resources as an inculcation of ethical, moral and character values of students. The new way that can be done is to implement culture-based learning at the primary school level, which requires commitment from all elements of education and school members to create learning according to students' needs by involving cultural elements.