bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast pulse propagation time-domain dynamics in dispersive one-dimensional photonic waveguides
Authors: Sakin Ahmet Oguz , Demirtas Ali Murat , Kurt Hamza , Unlu Mehmet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ultrafast pulses, particularly those with durations under 100 fs, are crucial in achieving unprecedented precision and control in light–matter interactions. However, conventional on-chip photonic platforms are not inherently designed for ultrafast time-domain operations, posing a significant challenge in achieving essential parameters such as high peak power and high temporal resolution. This challenge is particularly pronounced when propagating through integrated waveguides with nonlinear and high-dispersion profiles. In addressing this challenge, we present a design methodology for ultrafast pulse propagation in dispersive integrated waveguides, specifically focused on enhancing the time-domain characteristics of one-dimensional grating waveguides (1DGWs). The proposed methodology aims to determine the optimal structural parameters for achieving maximum peak power, enhanced temporal resolution, and extended pulse storage duration during ultrafast pulse propagation. To validate this approach, we design and fabricate two specialized 1DGWs on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. A digital finite impulse response (FIR) model, trained with both transmission and phase measurement data, is employed to obtain ultrafast time-domain characteristics, enabling easy extraction of these results. Our approach achieves a 2.8-fold increase in peak power and reduces pulse broadening by 24 %, resulting in a smaller sacrifice in temporal resolution. These results can possibly pave the way for advanced light–matter interactions within dispersive integrated waveguides.
Valuing diversity, from afar – A scientometric analysis of the Global North countries overrepresentation in top communication journals
Authors: Lendvai Gergely Ferenc 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This paper investigates the geographic disparities in academic publishing within top communication journals, focusing on the overrepresentation of Global North researchers and the underrepresentation of Global South scholars. The goal is to evaluate the inclusivity of these journals and assess the diversity of their editorial boards.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a mixed-methods scientometric approach, data were collected from Scopus-indexed communication journals between 2014 and 2023. Methods included bibliometric analysis, network analyses and advanced statistical approaches such as chi-square test and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.

Findings
The analysis revealed significant disparities: over 90 % of publications in top communication journals were authored by Global North scholars, while less than 10 % were by Global South scholars. Similarly, editorial boards were dominated by Global North scholars, with the United States alone accounting for 63 % of board members.

Practical implications
These findings highlight the exclusion of Global South scholars from top-tier journals. The results call for more inclusive editorial practices and equitable publication opportunities for underrepresented regions.

Social implications
The study highlights the need to decolonize and dewesternize academic publishing by promoting greater diversity and inclusivity in scholarly communication, ensuring all geographic regions have a voice in the global academic dialogue.

Originality/value
This study advances previous work by integrating editorial board dynamics, authorship trends, and collaboration networks to provide a holistic perspective on geographic disparities in communication journals. It highlights the structural mechanisms that reinforce the overrepresentation of Global North scholarship and offers actionable recommendations for fostering greater inclusivity.
Tales of a Lost Language. Methodological Challenges in the Investigation of Language Shift among Norwegian Jews.
Authors: Hårstad Stian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Documenting a historical language loss is a demanding endeavour, not least because relevant data from the past is typically sparse and fragmentary. This paper focuses on the investigation of a relatively recent language shift that occurred approximately 100 years ago. It exhibits significant methodological challenges, due to the limited empirical data available. The study centres on members of the Jewish minority in Norway, who predominantly spoke Yiddish when they immigrated from territories within the Russian Empire between the 1870s and the First World War. The overall trend suggests a relatively rapid shift into Norwegian as the dominant language over a couple of decades. By the end of the Second World War, Yiddish was basically moribund in Norway, largely due to the Holocaust, which devastatingly decimated the Jewish minority. However, more in-depth knowledge of these processes has so far been elusive, primarily because sources from the first two generations of immigrants are scarce. Moreover, this scarcity was intensified by the systematic seizure and disposal of Jewish families’ property during the Second World War. This paper seeks to address possible ways to remedy the extensive lack of concrete documentation from the early history of this minority group, limited to the 1880–1940 timeframe. Specifically, the focus is on utilising indirect reporting of linguistic practices and language choices found in sources such as biographies, memoirs, newspaper articles, local history, literature and other texts that comprise individuals’ life stories. The main assertion is that, when adeptly employed, these sources can provide valuable insights into historical language conditions, shedding light on the motivations behind language maintenance and shift, even in retrospect.
Sustainable Development, Digital Democracy, and Open Government: Co-Creation Synergy in Ukraine
Authors: Khutkyy Dmytro , Matveieva Olga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The article examines the interplay between the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), digital democracy, and open government in Ukraine in 2018 and 2020. The authors employ a mixed methods exploratory approach combining desk research with expert interviews. The study finds that during public consultations in Ukraine, the SDGs served as discussion themes, while the Open Government Partnership provided an executable platform. These e-consultations helped collect policy ideas, e-discussions facilitated policy drafting, and non-binding internet voting assisted in prioritising open government draft policies. The Agenda for Sustainable Development framework introduced policies with an education, youth, inclusion, and gender focus to open government. Public consultations increased awareness about the SDGs in Ukrainian civil society and prompted authorities to implement them. The combination of real-life, online, and hybrid consultation formats enabled elements of participatory, direct, and consensus democracy in post-revolutionary and pre-full-scale invasion Ukraine.
Essential oil composition, in vitro antidiabetic, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, and in silico molecular modeling analysis of secondary metabolites from Justicia schimperiana
Authors: Tegegn Getachew , Melaku Yadessa , Aliye Muhdin , Abebe Abiy , Degu Sileshi , Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan , Hunsen Mo , Endale Milkyas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Justicia schimperiana, known as “Dhumuugaa” in Afan Oromo and “Sensel” or “Smiza” in Amharic, is traditionally used to treat ailments such as scabies, fever, asthma, diarrhea, malaria, and more. This study explored the chemical composition and biological activity of its extracts and isolated compounds. The essential oils were extracted using the hydrodistillation method, and their chemical composition was evaluated using GC-MS. GC-MS analysis identified 54 and 52 chemical components in the essential oils (EOs) from roots and leaves, respectively. The structures of the isolated compounds have been identified using 1D and 2D-NMR techniques. Six compounds – β-sitosterol (1), 5-methoxy durmillone (2), trans-resveratrol (3), tricuspidatol A (4), kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (5), and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (6) – were isolated from the root extracts and reported for the first time in this species. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the broth microdilution technique. EOs extracts showed significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, while compound 6 showed potent activity with an MIC of 0.25 μg/mL. The antioxidant activity revealed strong radical scavenging for compounds 5 and 6, with extracts also demonstrating significant α-amylase inhibitory effects and moderate cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line. Molecular docking and ADMET analysis highlighted compounds 5 and 6 as promising therapeutic agent. These findings highlight the medicinal potential of J. schimperiana roots, warranting further exploration.
ИНФРАКРАСНАЯ ФУРЬЕ-СПЕКТРОСКОПИЯ БИОТИЧЕСКОГО ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ ХВОИ СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ
Authors: ЛОСКУТОВ С.Р. , КАЗАРЯН Л.К. , ТЮТЬКОВА Е.А. 
Published: January 2025

Глобальное изменение климата, техногенное загрязнение, развитие эпифитотий и массовое размножение насекомых-вредителей являются причиной возникновения фитопатологического состояния насаждений видов древесных. Пониманию механизмов развития патологии элементов строения дерева (в частности, листьев) способствует молекулярно-аналитический подход в исследовании тестируемого органа растения, реализованный нами на примере сравнительного исследования здоровой и поврежденной хвои сосны обыкновенной ( Pinus sylvestris L.) из пригородных насаждений с помощью ИК Фурье-спектроскопии. В основу анализа ИК-спектров здоровой и поврежденной хвои положен метод сравнения отношений интенсивности полос поглощения на характеристических (для связей, функциональных групп, типа их колебаний) частотах. Отнесение полос поглощения осуществлено по литературным данным. С целью сравнения поврежденных образцов хвои с контролем рассчитаны отношение интенсивности полос поглощения для I 1375/2900, I 1695/1647, I 1506/898, I 1564/1550, I 1695/1533, I 1447/1369, I 1654/1730, I 1728/1477, I 2920/1600, I 3040/1600, I 3040/1508, I 1512/894 (подстрочные индексы указывают для каких волновых чисел рассчитывались отношения интенсивности поглощения). Анализ массива ИК-спектров хвои по этому методу показал качественные и количественные отличия молекулярно-структурных показателей здоровой и поврежденной хвои (с усыханием кончиков и с пятнистым хлорозом).
Global climate change, anthropogenic pollution, the development of epiphytotics and the mass reproduction of insect pests are the cause of the phytopathological state of tree species stands. To the understanding of the pathology mechanisms development of the tree’s structural elements (in particular, needles) will be promote analytical approach to the study of the tested plant organ. The study approach was implemented by us using the example of a comparative study of healthy and damaged Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) needles from suburban stands using infrared Fourier spectroscopy. The analysis of the IR spectra of healthy and damaged needles is based on a method for comparing the intensity ratios of absorption bands at characteristic frequencies (for bonds, functional groups, and the type of their oscillations). The assignment of absorption bands was carried out according to the literature data. In order to compare damaged samples of needles with the control, the absorption band intensity ratio was calculated for I 1375/2900, I 1695/1647, I 1506/898, I 1564/1550, I 1695/1533, I 1447/1369, I 1654/1730, I 1728/1477, I 2920/1600, I 3040/1600, I 3040/1508, I 1512/894 (subscripts indicate for which wave numbers the absorption intensity ratios were calculated). The analysis of the IR spectra needles array using this method showed what changes (qualitatively and quantitatively) at the level of molecular and structural parameters are characterized by shrinking and diseased needles compared with healthy ones.
Identifying Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer through Unobtrusive Cutaneous Nodules: A Clinical Report
Authors: Šeštokaitė Emilija , Preikšaitienė Eglė , Arasimavičius Justas 
Published: January 2025

Cutaneous leiomyomas (CLMs) are associated with Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC) syndrome (Mendelian Inheritance in Man [MIM]: 150800)—a rare genodermatosis caused by a heterozygous pathogenic variant in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. It is characterized by a predisposition to develop cutaneous and/or uterine leiomyomas and an aggressive type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We describe a 27-year-old male who presented with a painful nodule on the left upper arm persisting for 5 years and the subsequent emergence of painless nodules in various parts of the body over the past two years. A family history of RCC prompted suspicion of the HLRCC syndrome. Cutaneous examination revealed erythematous subcutaneous nodules, with histological analysis confirming CLM. Genetic testing identified a pathogenic variant in the FH gene, confirming the diagnosis of HLRCC. Management involved surgical excision of the symptomatic nodules and genetic counselling/testing for the proband and his family members. The long-term follow-up plan includes dermatological and nephrological surveillance with annual renal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. This report aims to enhance the awareness of this disease and highlight the role of cutaneous lesions in facilitating early detection.
The effectiveness of using artificial intelligence in clinical medicine
Authors: Korabelnikov D. I. , Lamotkin A. I. 
Published: January 2025

Objective: to investigate the effectiveness (based on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) of using artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical medicine.Material and methods. The study was conducted based on a search and analysis of scientific publications presented in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka databases from 2009 to 2023, including various types and approaches to training AI, as well as various areas of its application in clinical practice. Sequential analysis of articles in a random sample enabled to select 30 publications: 4 were devoted to the use of AI in endocrinology, 3 – in dermatovenerology, 1 – in cardiology, 1 – in radiology, 1 – in gastroenterology, 5 – in neurology, 5 – in hematology, 4 – in nephrology, 4 – in orthopedics and rheumatology, 2 – in oncology.Results. AI demonstrated sufficient effectiveness: accuracy ranged from 49% to 99%, sensitivity from 42% to 100%, and specificity from 48% to 100% in areas such as cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, dermatovenereology, and radiology. In some cases, AI was more effective than clinical diagnostics by medical specialists, such as in detecting melanoma and diagnosing atrial fibrillation.Conclusion. AI shows high diagnostic efficiency, increases accuracy and speeds up diagnostic search, which makes wider use of AI in clinical medicine promising.
ANALISIS MUSIKALISASI PUISI SANG GURU MENURUT ESTETIKA IMMANUEL KANT DIKAITKAN DENGAN PENGALAMAN ESTETIS MAHASISWA [ANALYSIS OF THE MUSICALIZATION OF THE POEM SANG GURU ACCORDING TO IMMANUEL KANT’S AESTHETICS ASSOCIATED WITH THE AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE OF STUDENTS]
Authors: Laeli Wardah , Syihabuddin  , Yeti Heryati  
Published: January 2025

This research aims to describe the musicalization of the poem Sang Guru by Panji Sakti in Immanuel Kant’s aesthetic perspective and its relationship with students’ aesthetic experience. Poetry musicalization as a form of literary work that combines elements of music and poetry can also create a deep aesthetic experience for the audience. This research uses a qualitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 93 students to measure the aesthetic experience of the musicalization of the poem Sang Guru by Panji Sakti. The results showed 82.8% of students agreed that the musicalization of the poem Sang Guru by Panji Sakti was able to evoke aesthetic experiences. The aesthetic assessment of the musicalization of Sang Guru's poetry can be enjoyed universally. This is in accordance with the research results that as many as 62.4% of students agree and 37.6% of students strongly agree that the musicalization of Sang Guru's poetry has aesthetic value, so the musicalization of poetry can be said that its beauty is universal not subjective to individuals. Harmonization between poetry and music in the musicalization of Sang Guru's poem has an integration that weaves aesthetic value. Almost 99% of students agreed with this statement. The musicalization of the poem Sang Guru by Panji Sakti has a free aesthetic value without any practical purpose.
Abstrak bahasa Indonesia
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru karya Panji Sakti dalam perspektif estetika Immanuel Kant dan hubungannya dengan pengalaman estetis mahasiswa. Musikalisasi puisi sebagai suatu bentuk karya sastra yang menggabungkan elemen musik dan puisi juga dapat menciptakan pengalaman estetis yang mendalam bagi penikmatnya. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menyebarkan angket kepada 93 mahasiswa untuk mengukur pengalaman estetis terhadap musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru karya Panji Sakti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 82,8% mahasiswa menyepakati bahwa musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru karya Panji Sakti mampu membangkitkan pengalaman estetis. Penilaian estetis terhadap musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru dapat dinikmati secara universal. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan hasil penelitian bahwa sebanyak 62,4% mahasiswa setuju dan 37,6% mahasiswa sangat setuju bahwa musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru memiliki nilai estetis, sehingga musikalisasi puisi tersebut bersifat universal bukan subjektif perorangan. Harmonisasi antara puisi dan musik dalam musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru memiliki keterpaduan yang menjalin nilai estetis. Hampir 99% mahasiswa menyepakati pernyataan tersebut. Musikalisasi puisi Sang Guru karya Panji Sakti memiliki nilai estetis yang bebas tanpa adanya tujuan praktis.
Analysis of the rate and changes in the incidence of age-related diseases (by medical care uptake) in 2018–2022 (through the example of a municipal hospital in Saint Petersburg)
Authors: Saginbaev U. R. , Akhmedov T. A. , Rukavishnikova S. A. , Davydova E. P. 
Published: January 2025

The aim was to study the rate and changes in the incidence (by uptake) of age-related diseases (ARDs) in 2018– 2022 through the example of a municipal hospital in Saint Petersburg.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of records and reports for the period of 2018–2022 for the main statistical age groups (adult population (AP), working age population (WAP), persons over working age (POWA)). The incidence was analyzed for the most common ARDs (hypertensive diseases; coronary heart disease; type 2 diabetes mellitus; senile cataract, and glaucoma). The assessment of the incidence rate was carried out both for ARDs in general and for particular diseases.Results. A long-term observation revealed that the incidence of ARDs has been increasing. In WAP, the rate of the increase in the incidence of ARDs was more pronounced compared to the same indicator in the general population surveyed (16.1 versus 5.4%). Moreover, in the post-COVID period, the incidence rate of a number of ARDs increased. In addition, a regular sequence was found in the manifestation of ARDs: hypertensive diseases, coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, senile cataract, glaucoma.Conclusion. The incidence rate of age-related diseases has been increasing, which is especially pronounced among WAP. In the post-COVID period, these diseases were found to develop much faster. ARDs are characterized by a sequence of manifestations as patients get older, which in the future will allow to develop clearer approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of ARDs depending on the age of the patient.
Features of structural and functional changes of the brain in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Galkin S. A. , Kornetova E. G. , Kornetov A. N. , Petkun D. A. , Bokhan N. A. 
Published: January 2025

Aim. To establish the features of structural and functional changes in the brain in patients with schizophrenia.Materials and methods. A morphometric analysis of the brain using MRI scans was performed, along with a clinical assessment of the electroencephalogram (EEG) of 35 patients with schizophrenia (20 men and 15 women). The control group included 18 healthy sex- and age-matched individuals (10 men and 8 women). Statistical processing was carried out using the χ2 test, the Fisher’s exact test, and the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.Results. Compared to the control group, patients with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to show signs of ventricular dilation (p = 0.039), asymmetry of the lateral ventricles (p = 0.041), periventricular edema (p < 0.001), and enlargement of the subarachnoid space of the cerebellum (p = 0.004). Changes (class >1A) in the functional activity of the brain in the group of patients with schizophrenia were detected in 65.7% of the cases. In more than half of the cases, patients with schizophrenia showed decreased bioelectric activity of the brain (class 2 in 48.6% and class 3 in 11.4%); at the same time, EEG signs of paroxysmal activity were detected in a few patients (class B in 11.4% and class C in 5.7%) (p < 0.001). A statistically significant direct correlation was found between the enlargement of the subarachnoid space of the cerebellum and paroxysmal EEG activity in patients with schizophrenia (r = 0.377; p = 0.044).Conclusion. The findings of our study highlight that the combined use of MRI and EEG can provide important information about brain pathology in schizophrenia. The data obtained are also important for testing the hypothesis on the association between vascular and functional disorders of the brain in patients with schizophrenia.
Transformation of NETs under the effect of pathogens and IgG
Authors: Kazimirskii A. N. , Salmasi J. M. , Poryadin G. V. , Panina M. I. , Kim A. E. , Rogozhina L. S. 
Published: January 2025

Background. Many studies have shown that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the form of web-like structures are present in the peripheral blood of patients with inflammatory diseases. In our research, in addition to traditional web-like NET structures, several anomalous forms were identified, including NETs with cloud-like appearance.Aim. To investigate morphological and functional transformation of NETs under the influence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and immunoglobulin G (IgG).Materials and methods. The study included 42 patients of Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 51: 28 patients with acute inflammation in the abdominal cavity (appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, peritonitis), 6 patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis, and 8 patients with hernias. Neutrophils were isolated using gradient-density centrifugation. To calculate NETs, we used SYBR Green I-induced fluorescence microscopy (Evrogen, Russia), with the dye specifically interacting with double-stranded DNA. The functional activity of NETs was determined in the Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603) capture test.Results. In patients with inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity in the postoperative period, the functional activity of NETs was several times lower than in healthy individuals. NETs in these patients capture and bind no more than 20 cells of the microorganism. Under the effect of IgG, neutrophil networks transform into loose cloud-like structures, which can hardly capture and bind the pathogen, binding only 8.46 ± 0.44 cells of the microorganism. Spontaneous enzymatic degradation of cloud like NETs may be accompanied by the production of secondary alteration factors.Conclusion. The results of the study provide the grounds for the development of new approaches to elaborating vaccination regimens and using immunobiologics that require preliminary monitoring of the state of innate immunity, in particular, neutrophil networks in the patient’s body.