bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Determinants of Health Needs and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Surgical Patients
Authors: Malapati Sri Harshini , Edelen Maria O. , Kaur Manraj N. , Zeng Chengbo , Ortega Gezzer , McCleary Nadine J. , Hubbell Harrison , Myers Peter , Bryant Allison S. , Sisodia Rachel C. , Pusic Andrea L. 
Published: October 2023

Objective:
To assess associations between social determinants of health (SDOH) needs and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among surgical patients.

Summary Background Data:
Despite the profound impact of SDOH on health outcomes, studies examining the effect of SDOH needs on HRQOL among surgical patients are limited.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted using responses from the SDOH needs assessment and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems Global Health instrument of adults seen in surgical clinics at a single institution. Patient characteristics including socioeconomic status (insurance type, education level, and employment status) were extracted. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of global health scores.

Results:
8512 surgical patients (mean age: 55.6±15.8 y) were included. 25.2% of patients reported one or more SDOH needs. The likelihood of reporting at least one SDOH need varied by patient characteristics and socioeconomic status variables. In fully adjusted regression models, food insecurity (odds ratio [OR] 1.53; 95% CI, 1.38-1.70 and OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.22-1.81, respectively), housing instability (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.12-1.43 and OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13-1.70, respectively) and lack of transportation (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.27-1.68 and OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.00-1.57, respectively), and unmet medication needs (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.13-1.52 and OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.28-2.03, respectively) were independent predictors of poor physical and mental health.

Conclusions:
SDOH needs are independent predictors of poor patient-reported physical and mental health among surgical patients. Assessing and addressing SDOH needs should be prioritized in healthcare settings and by policymakers to improve HRQOL.
Perioperative systemic therapy in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: MacPhail Ceilidh , Wood Lori A. , Thana Myuran 
Published: October 2023

Purpose of review
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common kidney neoplasm. Localized RCC can be cured with nephrectomy. However, a proportion of patients will recur with incurable distant metastatic disease. There is a clear need for treatments to reduce the risk of RCC recurrence and thus improve survival. This review describes the landscape of perioperative therapy for RCC, focusing on more recent trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Recent findings
ICIs have significantly changed outcomes in advanced RCC. Four trials investigating the role of perioperative ICI for RCC are now reported. Only one trial utilizing adjuvant pembrolizumab (Keynote-564) has shown a disease-free survival benefit in resected RCC.

Summary
Patients with resected RCC should be counselled on their risk of recurrence and the potential option of adjuvant pembrolizumab, recognizing that overall survival data are not yet available.
Avian reovirus: a furious and fast evolving pathogen
Authors: Egana-Labrin Sofia , Broadbent Andrew J. 
Published: October 2023

Graphical abstract
Avian reovirus (ARV) can be transmitted vertically and horizontally. Pathogenic strains cause arthritis/tenosynovitis (depicted as red hock joints, and splayed legs), and can play a role in malabsorption syndrome in chickens. Contaminated fomites can be a dissemination source in poultry facilities. Figure generated with BioRender.
Comparative spatial transcriptomics of peach and nectarine fruits elucidates the mechanism underlying fruit trichome development
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Cao Ke , Qin Aizhi , Liu Zhixin , Guan Liping , Sun Susu , Liu Hao , Zhou Yaping , Yang Jincheng , Liu Yumeng , Hu Mengke , Ninkuu Vincent , Sun Xuwu , Wang Lirong 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTPeach (Prunus persica) is an economically significant fruit-bearing tree. The trichomes of peach fruits are essential for their growth and development by playing a protective role against abiotic stresses, such as intense ultraviolet (UV) light, high temperature, cold-induced stress, and biotic stresses, such as pests and disease infestation. However, the mechanism underlying trichome development in peach fruits is unknown. Therefore, spatial transcriptome sequencing technology was used to compare the transcriptomic information seven days after flowering (DAF) of peach and nectarine fruits at an ultra-high resolution. The results revealed significant variations in how fruits at the early development stage responded to stress exposure. Comparatively, nectarine response to stress was significantly magnified than peach. Notably, a novel trichome-related marker gene,Prupe.7G196500, was identified in peach, which showed a robust function in response to jasmonic acid and wounding. Further, thePrupe.7G196500pro::GUSconstruct was found to specifically expressed in the trichomes of the true leaves of 10-day-oldArabidopsis thaliana(Arabidopsis) seedlings and induced by drought treatment. Finally, gain-of-function analysis showed thatPrupe.7G196500promoted trichomes development. In conclusion, this study identified the cell types and novel marker genes associated with peach fruit. The role ofPrupe.7G196500in positively regulating trichome development was also characterized, thereby laying the foundation for analyzing the mechanism involved in trichome development in peach fruits.
PCP components control anterior and posterior regeneration, with a Prickle homolog impacting muscle organization, in the acoelHofstenia miamia
Authors: Bolaños D. Marcela , Rock Amber , Ros-Rocher Núria , Sikes James , Srivastava Mansi 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTWhole-body regeneration requires wound response signals to control patterning programs to enable replacement of structures in their correct locations. While a number of molecular mechanisms underlying anterior-posterior regeneration have been identified, how small fragments of animals first re-establish polarity is less well understood, with non-canonical Wnt signaling recently emerging as a potential regulator. Here, we used the acoel wormHofstenia miamia, a new research organism capable of robust whole-body regeneration, to assess functions of the components of the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway in establishing regeneration polarity. We identified homologs of Prickle (pk-1) and Diego (dgo-1) to be required for head and tail regeneration, respectively. RNA-sequencing analysis and experimental corroboration revealed thatpk-1RNAi resulted in diminished expression of early wound response genes as well as of wound-induced expression of the anterior-specific markerfz-7, specifically in tail fragments. In contrast,dgo-1RNAi impacted wound-induced expression of the posterior-specific markertf7l2, specifically in head fragments. Furthermore,pk-1anddgo-1are enriched in longitudinal muscle, with muscle fibers showing disorganized morphology at anterior-facing wound sites of tail fragments underpk-1RNAi. These findings suggest thatpk-1anddgo-1are needed for wound-induced expression of anterior- and posterior-specific genes, and raise the possibility that this action is mediated via the control of muscle fiber orientation. Our work expands the study of PCP genes by revealing their functions in the process of whole-body regeneration in acoels, the sister-group to all other animals with bilateral symmetry, and will enable future studies of PCP components in controlling cellular and tissue-wide regeneration polarity.
Measuring carbohydrate recognition profile of lectins on live cells using liquid glycan array (LiGA)
Authors: Sojitra Mirat , Schmidt Edward N. , Lima Guilherme M. , Carpenter Eric J. , McCord Kelli A. , Atrazhev Alexey , Macauley Matthew S. , Derda Ratmir 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGlycans constitute a significant fraction of biomolecular diversity on the surface of cells across all the species in all kingdoms of life. As the structure of glycans is not encoded by the DNA of the host organisms, it is impossible to use cutting-edge DNA technology to study the role of cellular glycosylation or to understand how cell-surface glycome is recognized by glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). To address this gap, we recently described a genetically-encoded liquid glycan array (LiGA) platform that allows profiling of glycan:GBP interactions on the surface of live cellsin vitroandin vivousing next-generation sequencing (NGS). LiGA is a library of DNA-barcoded bacteriophages coated with 5-1500 copies of a glycan; the DNA barcode inside each bacteriophage encodes the structure and density of the displayed glycans. Deep sequencing of the glycophages associated with live cells yields a glycan-binding profile of GBPs displayed on the surface of such cells. This protocol provides detailed instructions of using LiGA to probe cell surface receptors and includes information on the preparation of glycophages, analysis by MALDI-TOF MS, the assembly of a LiGA library, and its deep-sequencing. Using the protocol detailed in this report, we measure a glycan-binding profile of the immunomodulatory SiglecLJ1, -2, -6, -7, and -9 expressed on the surface of different cell types and uncover previously unknown environment-dependent recognition of glycans by Siglec-receptors on the surface of live cells. Protocols similar to the one described in this report will make it possible to measure the precise glycan-binding profile of any GPBs displayed on the surface of any cell types.
Brain-derived and in vitro-seeded alpha-synuclein fibrils exhibit distinct biophysical profiles
Authors: Lee Selene Seoyun , Civitelli Livia , Parkkinen Laura 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe alpha-synuclein (αSyn) seeding amplification assay (SAA) that allows the generation of disease-specific in vitro seeded fibrils (SAA fibrils) is used as a research tool to study the connection between the structure ofαSyn fibrils, cellular seeding/spreading, and the clinico-pathological manifestations of different synucleinopathies. However, structural differences between human brain-derived and SAAαSyn fibrils have been recently highlighted. Here, we characterize biophysical properties of the human brain-derivedαSyn fibrils from the brains of patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without dementia (PD, PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and compare them to the ‘model’ SAA fibrils. We report that the brain-derivedαSyn fibrils show distinct biochemical profiles, which were not replicated in the corresponding SAA fibrils. Furthermore, the brain-derivedαSyn fibrils from all synucleinopathies displayed a mixture of- ‘straight’ and ‘twisted’ microscopic structures. However, the PD, PDD, and DLB SAA fibrils had a ‘straight’ structure, whereas MSA SAA fibrils showed a ‘twisted’ structure. Finally, the brain-derivedαSyn fibrils from all four synucleinopathies were phosphorylated (S129). Interestingly, phosphorylatedαSyn were carried over to the PDD and DLB SAA fibrils. Our findings demonstrate the limitation of the SAA fibrils modelling the brain-derivedαSyn fibrils and pay attention to the necessity of deepening the understanding of the SAA fibrillation methodology.
Tradeoffs between phage resistance and nitrogen fixation drive the evolution of genes essential for cyanobacterial heterocyst functionality
Authors: Kolan Dikla , Cattan-Tsaushu Esther , Enav Hagay , Freiman Zohar , Malinsky-Rushansky Nechama , Ninio Shira , Avrani Sarit 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHarmful blooms caused by diazotrophic (nitrogen-fixing)cyanobacteriaare becoming increasingly frequent and negatively impact aquatic environments worldwide. Cyanophages (viruses infectingcyanobacteria) can potentially regulate cyanobacterial blooms, yetcyanobacteriacan rapidly acquire mutations that provide protection against phage infection. Here, we provide novel insights into cyanophage:cyanobacteriainteractions by characterizing the resistance to phages in two species of diazotrophiccyanobacteria:Nostocsp. andCylindrospermopsis raciborskii. Our results demonstrate that phage resistance is associated with a fitness tradeoff by which resistantcyanobacteriahave reduced ability to fix nitrogen and/or to survive nitrogen starvation. Furthermore, we use whole genome sequence analysis of 58Nostocresistant strains to identify several mutations associated with phage resistance, including in cell surface-related genes, and regulatory genes involved in development and function of heterocysts (cells specialized in nitrogen fixation). Finally, we employ phylogenetic analyses to show that most of these resistance genes are accessory genes whose evolution is impacted by lateral gene transfer events. Together, these results further our understanding of the interplay between diazotrophiccyanobacteriaand their phages, and suggest that a tradeoff between phage resistance and nitrogen fixation affects the evolution of cell surface-related genes and of genes involved in heterocyst differentiation and nitrogen fixation.
Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosisin human tissue via RNAin situhybridization
Authors: Nargan Kievershen , Naidoo Threnesan , Msimang Mpumelelo , Nadeem Sajid , Wells Gordon , Hunter Robert L , Hutton Anneka , Lumamba Kapongo , Glasgow Joel N , Benson Paul V , Steyn Adrie JC 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTRationaleAccurate TB diagnosis is hampered by the variable efficacy of the widely-used Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining method to identifyMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Here, we sought to circumvent this current limitation through direct detection ofMtbmRNA.ObjectivesTo employ RNAscope to determine the spatial distribution ofMtbmRNA within tuberculous human tissue, to appraise ZN-negative tissue from confirmed TB patients, and to provide proof-of-concept of RNAscope as a platform to inform TB diagnosis andMtbbiology.MethodsWe examined ante- and postmortem human TB tissue using RNAscope to detectMtbmRNA and a dual ZN/immunohistochemistry staining approach to identify AFB and bacilli producing antigen 85B (Ag85B).Measurements and main resultsWe adapted RNAscope forMtband identified intact and disintegratedMtbbacilli and intra- and extracellularMtbmRNA.MtbmRNA was distributed zonally within necrotic and non-necrotic granulomas. We also foundMtbmRNA within, and adjacent to, necrotic granulomas in ZN-negative lung tissue and in Ag85B-positive bronchial epithelium. Intriguingly, we observed accumulation ofMtbmRNA and Ag85B in the cytoplasm of host cells. Notably, many AFB were negative for Ag85B staining.MtbmRNA was observed in ZN-negative antemortem lymph node biopsies.ConclusionsRNAscope has diagnostic potential and can guide therapeutic intervention as it detectsMtbmRNA and morphology in ZN-negative tissues from TB patients, andMtbmRNA in ZN-negative antemortem biopsies, respectively. Lastly, our data provide evidence that at least two phenotypically distinct populations ofMtbbacilli existin vivo.
High prevalence and risk of malaria among asymptomatic individuals from villages with high rates of artemisinin partial resistance in Kyerwa district, North-western Tanzania
Authors: Mandai Salehe S. , Francis Filbert , Challe Daniel P. , Seth Misago D. , Madebe Rashid A. , Petro Daniel A. , Budodo Rule , Kisambale Angelina J. , Chacha Gervas A. , Moshi Ramadhan , Mbwambo Ruth B. , Pereus Dativa , Bakari Catherine , Aaron Sijenunu , Mbwambo Daniel , Lusasi Abdallah , Kajange Stella , Lazaro Samuel , Kapologwe Ntuli , Mandara Celine I. , Ishengoma Deus S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundTanzania adopted and has been implementing the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended interventions to control and eventually eliminate malaria. However, malaria is still a leading public health problem and the country experiences heterogeneous transmission; but the drivers of these patterns are not clearly known. This study assessed the prevalence and risk of malaria infections among asymptomatic individuals living in a hyperendemic area which has high prevalence of artemisinin partial resistant parasites in Kyerwa District of Kagera region, North-western Tanzania.MethodsThis was a community-based cross-sectional survey that recruited participants from five villages of Kyerwa district in Kagera region. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, parasitological, types of houses inhabited and socio-economic status (SES) data were collected using electronic capture tools running on Open Data Kit (ODK). Risk factors associated with malaria infections were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression and the results were presented as crude (cOR) and adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsA total of 4,454 individuals were tested using malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and 1,979 (44.4%) had a positive test. The prevalence of malaria varied from 14.4% to 68.5% with significant differences among the villages (p<0.001). The prevalence and risk of malaria infections were significantly higher in males (aOR =1.25, 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.48, p=0.04), school children ((aged 5 – 10 years, aOR =4.09, 95% CI: 3.39 – 5.10, p<0.001) and (10-15 years, aOR=4.40, 95% CI: 3.46 – 5.59, p<0.001)) and among individuals who were not using bed nets (aOR =1.29, 95% CI: 1.10 – 1.42, p=0.002). Other risks of malaria infections included lower SES (aOR=1.27, 95% CI:1.04 – 1.55, p<0.001) and living in houses with open windows (aOR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.03 −1.54, p=0.024).ConclusionThis study showed high prevalence of malaria infections and high heterogeneity at micro-geographic levels. The risk of malaria infections was higher in school children, males, individuals who did not use bed nets, and among participants with low SES or living in poorly constructed houses. These findings provide important baseline data in an area with a high prevalence of artemisinin partial-resistant parasites and will be utilized in future studies to monitor the trends and potential spread of such parasites.
Corporate governance and equity value: empirical evidence from Nigerian firms
Authors: Shittu Isah , Che-Ahmad Ayoib 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of selected corporate governance (CG) variables on the equity value multiple (EVM) of listed firms in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
The research used data obtained from 100 firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2014 to 2018. A generalized method of moment was used to estimate the relationship, whereas principal component analysis was used to generate composite values of EVMs.

Findings
Findings reveal a significant association between board size, board independence, board gender diversity, managerial shareholding, audit committee independence, disclosure of CG information and EVM at a 1% level of significance.

Research limitations/implications
This study was limited to firms that disclosed information on CG and EVMs.

Practical implications
These empirical findings lend support to agency theory, which suggests the use of various CG variables as a way of reducing principal-agent conflicts. It also lends support to resource dependency theory from a gender diversity perspective.

Originality/value
The study is a pioneering effort toward unlocking the relationship between some CG variables and the EVMs, focusing on firms listed on the NSE.
Total factor productivity and outsourcing: the case of Vietnamese small and medium sized enterprises
Authors: Ngoc Pham Thi Bich , Tien Pham Thi Hoa , Long Pham Dinh , Vu Huynh Quoc 
Published: October 2023

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the difference in total factor productivity (TFP) among those firms with and without outsourcing in a developing country like Vietnam. Also, it explores the effect of outsourcing activities on total factor productivity with a specified concentration on the Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe panel data set of SMEs used in this study was originated from biannual surveys conducted under the collaboration between educational organizations and government agencies: Stockholm School of Economics (SSE), Department of Economics – the University of Copenhagen, the Institution of Labor Studies and Social Affairs (ILSSA) in the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA). In this study, the model is developed based on the production function in accordance with the model of Girma and Görg (2004). The firms’ TFP is the difference between the actual and the predicted output as with the approach by Levinsohn and Petrin (2003).FindingsThis study finds out that firms with outsourcing have higher total factor productivity than those without outsourcing activities. In addition, the more firms spend on outsourcing, the higher total factor productivity they can gain. Outsourcing to SMEs in a developing country can significantly increase its TFP by means of either maintaining core competencies or searching external resources in conducting some internal activities.Originality/valueAlthough outsourcing has been widely applied by large firms, the research studying its impact on productivity at firm level is limited. Especially, this study can shed light on the impact for the case of SMEs in a developing economy.
Artificial intelligence (AI) awareness and work withdrawal: evaluating chained mediation through negative work-related rumination and emotional exhaustion
Authors: Teng Rongrong , Zhou Shuai , Zheng Wang , Ma Chunhao 
Published: October 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate whether and how artificial intelligence (AI) awareness affects work withdrawal.

Design/methodology/approach
This survey garners participation from a total of 305 hotel employees in China. The proposed hypotheses are examined using Hayes’s PROCESS macro.

Findings
The results indicate that AI awareness could positively affect work withdrawal. Negative work-related rumination and emotional exhaustion respectively mediate this relationship. Furthermore, negative work-related rumination and emotional exhaustion act as chain mediators between AI awareness and work withdrawal.

Practical implications
Given the growing adoption of AI technology in the hospitality industry, it is imperative that managers intensify their scrutiny of the psychological changes experienced by frontline service employees and allocate more resources to mitigating the impact of AI on their work withdrawal.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the burgeoning literature on AI by elucidating the chain mediating roles of negative work-related rumination and emotional exhaustion. It also makes a significant forward in examining mediating mechanisms, notably the chain-mediated mechanism, through which AI awareness impacts employee outcomes.