bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional outcome following intracapsular resection of head and neck peripheral nerve sheath tumors: A retrospective cohort
Authors: Kampel Liyona , Serafimova Marga , Edalati Shaun , Brenner Adi , Masarwy Razan , Warshavsky Anton , Horowitz Gilad , Shapira Yuval , Muhanna Nidal 
Published: October 2023

Background Intracapsular resection of head and neck peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) has emerged as a nerve-preserving technique compared to en bloc resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the functional outcome of both surgical techniques performed at a single tertiary referral center. Methods This is a retrospective cohort of patients with head and neck PNST undergoing surgical resection from 2011 to 2021 at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. Demographic data, the nerve of origin and surgical technique, including the use of intraoperative nerve monitoring were recorded and analyzed in association with postoperative functional outcomes. Results Overall, 25 patients who had a cervical or parapharyngeal PNST resected were included. Nerve function was preserved in 11 of 18 patients (61%) who underwent intracapsular resection, while all those who underwent en bloc resections inevitably suffered from neurologic deficits (100%, N = 7). Sympathetic chain origin and an apparent neurologic deficit pre-operatively were associated with postoperative neural compromise. Conclusion Improved functional outcome can be anticipated following intracapsular resection of extracranial head and neck PNST compared to complete resection, particularly in asymptomatic patients. Graphical Abstract
Spatial–temporal distribution and evolution of the socialist built heritage in China, 1949–1978
Authors: Ma Xidong , Zhang Yukun , Li Yan , Li Yujing , Lin Feiyang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
As the material product of socialist construction activities, the socialist built heritage (SBH) represents socialist-era achievements and has unique cultural value. However, political controversy and inadequate conservation awareness have produced an unprecedented crisis. The aim of this study was to draw worldwide attention to the value of SBH to promote future conservation. Taking the socialist country of China as a representative example, the spatial distribution and spatial–temporal evolution of SBH during the Socialist Revolution and Construction Period (1949–1978) were explored using GIS analysis tools from typological and holistic perspectives. A geographic detector was also applied to reveal the driving factors that affected the distribution. The results indicate that (1) from both perspectives, the SBH presented uneven and clustering distributions compared with other heritages. High-density areas varied by heritage type but were virtually nonexistent in western and northwestern China. (2) Growth stages existed to different degrees for most types and the holistic SBH, primarily from 1953 to 1965. The centers of military heritage, industrial heritage, transport heritage, and the holistic SBH all exhibited north-to-south migration with narrowing and clustering of range areas. Cities such as Beijing were identified as hotspots. (3) GDP, financial revenue and capital investment constituted the major positive driving factors for the SBH distribution and interacted with other factors, with average altitude ∩ GDP having the strongest interpretation. These findings reveal the spatial–temporal distribution characteristics of Chinese SBH and provide concrete guidance and positive foundations for future conservation in China and the world.
Focal ischemic stroke modifies microglia-derived exosomal miRNAs: potential role of mir-212-5p in neuronal protection and functional recovery
Authors: Li Si-si , Wu Jia-jia , Xing Xiang-xin , Li Yu-lin , Ma Jie , Duan Yu-jie , Zhang Jun-peng , Shan Chun-lei , Hua Xu-yun , Zheng Mou-xiong , Xu Jian-guang 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Ischemic stroke is a severe type of stroke with high disability and mortality rates. In recent years, microglial exosome-derived miRNAs have been shown to be promising candidates for the treatment of ischemic brain injury and exert neuroprotective effects. Mechanisms underlying miRNA dysregulation in ischemic stroke are still being explored. Here, we aimed to verify whether miRNAs derived from exosomes exert effects on functional recovery.

Methods
MiR-212-5p agomir was employed to upregulate miR-212-5p expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) as well as an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Western blot analysis, qRT–PCR and immunofluorescence staining and other methods were applied to explore the underlying mechanisms of action of miR-212-5p.

Results
The results of our study found that intervention with miR-212-5p agomir effectively decreased infarct volume and restored motor function in MCAO/R rats. Mechanistically, miR-212-5p agomir significantly reduced the expression of PlexinA2 (PLXNA2). Additionally, the results obtained in vitro were similar to those achieved in vivo.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the present study indicated that PLXNA2 may be a target gene of miR-212-5p, and miR-212-5p has great potential as a target for the treatment and diagnosis of ischemic stroke.
Identification and evaluation of suitable reference genes for RT-qPCR analyses in Trichoderma atroviride under varying light conditions
Authors: Flatschacher Daniel , Eschlböck Alexander , Zeilinger Susanne 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Trichoderma atroviride is a competitive soil-borne mycoparasitic fungus with extensive applications as a biocontrol agent in plant protection. Despite its importance and application potential, reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in T. atroviride have not been evaluated. Light exerts profound effects on physiology, such as growth, conidiation, secondary metabolism, and stress response in T. atroviride, as well as in other fungi. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by identifying stable reference genes for RT-qPCR experiments in T. atroviride under different light conditions, thereby enhancing accurate and reliable gene expression analysis in this model mycoparasite. We measured and compared candidate reference genes using commonly applied statistical algorithms.

Results
Under cyclic light–dark cultivation conditions, tbp and rho were identified as the most stably expressed genes, while act1, fis1, btl, and sar1 were found to be the least stable. Similar stability rankings were obtained for cultures grown under complete darkness, with tef1 and vma1 emerging as the most stable genes and act1, rho, fis1, and btl as the least stable genes. Combining the data from both cultivation conditions, gapdh and vma1 were identified as the most stable reference genes, while sar1 and fis1 were the least stable. The selection of different reference genes had a significant impact on the calculation of relative gene expression, as demonstrated by the expression patterns of target genes pks4 and lox1.

Conclusion
The data emphasize the importance of validating reference genes for different cultivation conditions in fungi to ensure accurate interpretation of gene expression data.
Antagonistic fungal volatiles as potential biocontrol countermeasure for microbial postharvest fruit diseases
Authors: Napitupulu Toga Pangihotan 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Fruits are the main important agricultural commodity, but very susceptible in terms of postharvest losses (PHL) due to diseases by microbial pathogens. Recently, there has been increased interest in countermeasure efforts to reduce PHL. As an alternative to chemical pesticides, fungal volatile organic compounds (FVOCs) are potential countermeasures because they are considered more environmentally friendly with less toxicity to human health.
Main body
FVOCs include wide diverse of organic chemical functional groups, but with low molecular weight (< C20) which possesses sufficient chemical, physical, and biological properties that can be clearly perceived by other organisms through intra- or inter-kingdom interactions, either mutualistic or antagonistic. Based on the antagonistic function, some beneficial FVOCs can be utilized as a biological control agent and biofumigant to combat microbial pathogens in postharvest fruit. Proposed mechanisms of the antagonistic effect of FVOCs toward their cell counterpart include alteration of the morphology of cell wall and cell membrane, influencing intracellular redox balance, elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and also possibly damaging DNA target. All these conditions potentially disrupt cell contents and then lead to cell death. In order to achieve this purpose, the suitable formulation of FVOC-loaded biofumigant is very crucial.

Conclusion
FVOCs have potential application as biofumigant to control microbial pathogens in postharvest fruits. However, for the development of a product, the formulation of FVOC-loaded biofumigant should consider the compatibility of the formula with fruits, toxicity effect to humans, and cost production to ensure the effectiveness of the formula.
Intrusion detection systems for wireless sensor networks using computational intelligence techniques
Authors: Sivagaminathan Vaishnavi , Sharma Manmohan , Henge Santosh Kumar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNetwork Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) are utilized to find hostile network connections. This can be accomplished by looking at traffic network activity, but it takes a lot of work. The NIDS heavily utilizes approaches for data extraction and machine learning to find anomalies. In terms of feature selection, NIDS is far more effective. This is accurate since anomaly identification uses a number of time-consuming features. Because of this, the feature selection method influences how long it takes to analyze movement patterns and how clear it is. The goal of the study is to provide NIDS with an attribute selection approach. PSO has been used for that purpose. The Network Intrusion Detection System that is being developed will be able to identify any malicious activity in the network or any unusual behavior in the network, allowing the identification of the illegal activities and safeguarding the enormous amounts of confidential data belonging to the customers from being compromised. In the research, datasets were produced utilising both a network infrastructure and a simulation network. Wireshark is used to gather data packets whereas Cisco Packet Tracer is used to build a network in a simulated environment. Additionally, a physical network consisting of six node MCUs connected to a laptop and a mobile hotspot, has been built and communication packets are being recorded using the Wireshark tool. To train several machine learning models, all the datasets that were gathered—created datasets from our own studies as well as some common datasets like NSDL and UNSW acquired from Kaggle—were employed. Additionally, PSO, which is an optimization method, has been used with these ML algorithms for feature selection. In the research, KNN, decision trees, and ANN have all been combined with PSO for a specific case study. And it was found demonstrated the classification methods PSO + ANN outperformed PSO + KNN and PSO + DT in this case study.
Biocontrol and molecular characterization of Bacillus velezensis D against tobacco bacterial wilt
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Peng Yulong , Xie Shanshan , Yu Xinru , Bian Chongyu , Wu Huiping , Wang Yun , Ding Ting 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNatural rhizosphere bacteria has the potential to act as an alternative of chemical pesticides for sustainable agriculture. In the current study, tobacco rhizosphere Bacillus velezensis D exhibited great antibacterial effect against Ralstonia solanacearum, and significantly enhanced the tobacco resistance against bacterial wilt in pot experiments. Then Bacillus velezensis D was labeled with gfp marker and found to stably colonize in tobacco root, the colonization density of strain D in root still remained 5.33 × 104 CFU/gat 30 days post-inoculation. Subsequently, field trials for two years (2021–2022) showed the control effects of the strain D on the tobacco bacterial wilt were 12.26% and 36.37%, respectively, indicating the application of B. velezensis D could improve plant resistance to R.solanacearum. In order to further study the antibacterial activities of strain D, effects of the crude extracts on the swimming ability, cell viability and the morphology of R. solanacearum were analyzed. The results showed that the crude extracts reduced the motility of R. solanacearum, and caused cell wall rupture and cell death. Furthermore, MALDI-TOF-MS and HPLC-QTOF-MS analysis indicated that lipopeptides (fengycin and iturin) and polyketides (bacillaene) were detected in the crude extracts of strain D. Based on these findings, we speculated that Bacillus velezensis D firstly colonized in tobacco root, then produced antibacterial substances at ecological sites to exert antagonistic effects, inhibiting motility traits of R. solanacearum and damaging the cell well. Hence, Bacillus velezensis D could be used as a potential biological control agents against tobacco bacterial wilt.
Nutritional, physicochemical and quality profiles of organically sweetened gluten-free breakfast meal from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and tigernuts (Cyperus esculentus L.)
Authors: Jolayemi Olusola Samuel , Alabi Temiloluwa Olufunmilayo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBy formulating a breakfast meal from quinoa and tigernuts that is organically sweetened, this study aimed to synergistically utilize the natural bioactive compounds embedded in both foods. When compared to commercial sample, all formulations had higher protein and fat contents. The meals contained little starch, and most significantly, over 35% of this starch was non-digestible. The main minerals found in the meals were potassium (481.81—592.47 mg/100 g), phosphorus (231.75—257.20 mg/100 g), magnesium (152.34—176.29 mg/100 g), and calcium (257.45—266.61 mg/100 g, with the Na/K molar ratio < 1.0 advantageous for those with high blood pressure. Regarding overall phenol and flavonoid contents, the meals outperformed the commercial product with remarkable antioxidant capacities when tested against different assays (FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH). The meals' inhibitory capacities on both carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes were noticeably higher than that of the commercial product. Regardless of the amount of quinoa or tigernuts in each blend, the inhibitory performance was satisfactory (α-amylase 26.98—60.18%; α -glucosidase 19.47—40.02%). Similarly, the chemical properties of the meals as influenced by its higher protein, fats, dietary fibre, and low sugar, modulated its functional properties in a unique way. In terms of sensory assessment, the panelists ranked the meals similar and sometimes above the commercial ones with respect to all the organoleptic parameters considered.
Graphical Abstract
A graphical representation of production, nutritional and functional characterization of stevia-sweetened breakfast meals from quinoa-tigernuts blends
Glucose to lactate shift reprograms CDK-dependent mitotic decisions and its communication with MAPK Sty1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Sarkar Priyanka , Misra Susmita , Ghosal Agamani , Mukherjee Soumyajit , Ghosh Alok , Sundaram Geetanjali 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Cell cycle regulation in response to biochemical cues is a fundamental event associated with many diseases. The regulation of such responses in complex metabolic environments is poorly understood. This study reveals unknown aspects of the metabolic regulation of cell division in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We show that changing the carbon source from glucose to lactic acid alters the functions of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Cdc2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Sty1, leading to unanticipated outcomes in the behavior and fate of such cells. Functional communication of Cdc2 with Sty1 is known to be an integral part of the cellular response to aberrant Cdc2 activity in S. pombe. Our results show that cross-talk between Cdc2 and Sty1, and the consequent Sty1-dependent regulation of Cdc2 activity, appears to be compromised and the relationship between Cdc2 activity and mitotic timing is also reversed in the presence of lactate. We also show that the biochemical status of cells under these conditions is an important determinant of the altered molecular functions mentioned above as well as the altered behavior of these cells.
Endothelial cell SMAD6 balances Alk1 function to regulate adherens junctions and hepatic vascular development
Authors: Kulikauskas Molly R. , Oatley Morgan , Yu Tianji , Liu Ziqing , Matsumura Lauren , Kidder Elise , Ruter Dana , Bautch Victoria L. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
BMP signaling is crucial to blood vessel formation and function, but how pathway components regulate vascular development is not well-understood. Here, we find that inhibitory SMAD6 functions in endothelial cells to negatively regulate ALK1-mediated responses, and it is required to prevent vessel dysmorphogenesis and hemorrhage in the embryonic liver vasculature. Reduced Alk1 gene dosage rescued embryonic hepatic hemorrhage and microvascular capillarization induced by Smad6 deletion in endothelial cells in vivo. At the cellular level, co-depletion of Smad6 and Alk1 rescued the destabilized junctions and impaired barrier function of endothelial cells depleted for SMAD6 alone. Mechanistically, blockade of actomyosin contractility or increased PI3K signaling rescued endothelial junction defects induced by SMAD6 loss. Thus, SMAD6 normally modulates ALK1 function in endothelial cells to regulate PI3K signaling and contractility, and SMAD6 loss increases signaling through ALK1 that disrupts endothelial cell junctions. ALK1 loss-of-function also disrupts vascular development and function, indicating that balanced ALK1 signaling is crucial for proper vascular development and identifying ALK1 as a ‘Goldilocks’ pathway in vascular biology that requires a certain signaling amplitude, regulated by SMAD6, to function properly.
Innovating spinal muscular atrophy models in the therapeutic era
Authors: Signoria Ilaria , van der Pol W. Ludo , Groen Ewout J. N. 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe, monogenetic, neuromuscular disease. A thorough understanding of its genetic cause and the availability of robust models has led to the development and approval of three gene-targeting therapies. This is a unique and exciting development for the field of neuromuscular diseases, many of which remain untreatable. The development of therapies for SMA not only opens the door to future therapeutic possibilities for other genetic neuromuscular diseases, but also informs us about the limitations of such treatments. For example, treatment response varies widely and, for many patients, significant disability remains. Currently available SMA models best recapitulate the severe types of SMA, and these models are genetically and phenotypically more homogeneous than patients. Furthermore, treating patients is leading to a shift in phenotypes with increased variability in SMA clinical presentation. Therefore, there is a need to generate model systems that better reflect these developments. Here, we will first discuss current animal models of SMA and their limitations. Next, we will discuss the characteristics required to future-proof models to assist the field in the development of additional, novel therapies for SMA.
The clinical value of quantitative cardiovascular molecular imaging: a step towards precision medicine
Authors: Tingen Hendrea Sanne Aletta , van Praagh Gijs D , Nienhuis Pieter H , Tubben Alwin , van Rijsewijk Nick D , ten Hove Derk , Mushari Nouf A , Martinez-Lucio T Samara , Mendoza-Ibañez Oscar I , van Sluis Joyce , Tsoumpas Charalampos , Glaudemans Andor WJM , Slart Riemer HJA 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide and have an increasing impact on society. Precision medicine, in which optimal care is identified for an individual or a group of individuals rather than for the average population, might provide significant health benefits for this patient group and decrease CVD morbidity and mortality. Molecular imaging provides the opportunity to assess biological processes in individuals in addition to anatomical context provided by other imaging modalities and could prove to be essential in the implementation of precision medicine in CVD. New developments in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) systems, combined with rapid innovations in promising and specific radiopharmaceuticals, provide an impressive improvement of diagnostic accuracy and therapy evaluation. This may result in improved health outcomes in CVD patients, thereby reducing societal impact. Furthermore, recent technical advances have led to new possibilities for accurate image quantification, dynamic imaging, and quantification of radiotracer kinetics. This potentially allows for better evaluation of disease activity over time and treatment response monitoring. However, the clinical implementation of these new methods has been slow. This review describes the recent advances in molecular imaging and the clinical value of quantitative PET and SPECT in various fields in cardiovascular molecular imaging, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial perfusion and ischemia, infiltrative cardiomyopathies, systemic vascular diseases, and infectious cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the challenges that need to be overcome to achieve clinical translation are addressed, and future directions are provided.
Brain-localized CD4 and CD8 T cells perform correlated random walks and not Levy walks
Authors: Patel Dhruv , Lin Raymond , Majumder Barun , Ganusov Vitaly V. 
Published: October 2023

Background. For survival of the organism, T cells must efficiently control pathogens invading different peripheral tissues. Whether or not such control is achieved by utilizing different movement strategies in different tissues remains poorly understood. Liver-localized CD8 T cells perform correlated random walks --- a type of a Brownian walk -- in liver sinusoids but in some condition these T cells may also perform Levy flights -- rapid and large displacements by floating with the blood flow. CD8 T cells in lymph nodes or skin also undergo Brownian walks. A recent study suggested that brain-localized CD8 T cells, specific to Toxoplasma gondii, perform generalized Levy walks -- a walk type in which T cells alternate pausing and displacing long distances --- which may indicate that brain is a unique organ where T cells exhibit movement strategies different from other tissues. Methods. We quantified movement patterns of brain-localized Plasmodium berghei-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells by using well-established statistical and computational methods. Results. We found that T cells change their movement pattern with time since infection and that CD4 T cells move faster and turn less than CD8 T cells. Importantly, both CD4 and CD8 T cells move in the brain by correlated random walks without long displacements challenging previous observations. We have also re-analyzed the movement data of brain-localized CD8 T cells in T. gondii-infected mice and found no evidence of Levy walks. We hypothesize that the previous conclusion of Levy walks of T. gondii-specific CD8 T cells in the brain was reached due to missing time-frames in the data that create an impression of large movement lengths between assumed-to-be-sequential movements. Conclusion. Our results suggests that movement strategies of CD8 T cells are largely similar between LNs, liver, and the brain and consistent with correlated random walks and not Levy walks.