bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic fiber origin of the superior laryngeal nerve and its branches: An anatomic study
Authors: Furlan Julio C. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAn anatomic study of 50 fresh adult human cadavers was carried out to classify the nervous anastomoses between the ipsilateral cervical sympathetic chain (CSC)/superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (SCSG) and the superior laryngeal nerve with its branches (SLNwb). Following the pattern of a prospective randomized study, the necks were dissected bilaterally to identify the SLNwb, CSC and SCSG. The nervous connections between the CSC/SCSG and the SLNwb were grouped according to Sun and Chang's (1991, Surg. Radiol. Anat. 13:175–180) types as well as according to a new classification, tie, based on the location and number of connections between the CSC/SCSG and the SLNwb. Connections between the CSC/SCSG and the SLNwb were found in 95 of 100 dissections. According to our tie classification, the results demonstrated that the en was the most frequent tie group in the sample (59%), followed by tn (15%), inen (11%), tnen (8%), no nervous anastomosis (5%), and in (2%), where t, i, e represent nervous connections between the CSC/SCSG and the trunk, external branch, and internal branch of the SLN, respectively, and n represents the number of connections. Therefore, the nervous communications between the CSC/SCSG and the SLNwb were frequent and could easily be classified by the origin and number of nervous connections. Although their physiologic role remains unclear, the SLNwb may be an important pathway for nerve fibers from the CSC/SCSG to reach the larynx. Clin. Anat. 15:271–275, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Platelet inhibition with tirofiban early during percutaneous coronary intervention: Dosing revisited
Authors: Lakkis Nasser , Lakiss Nada , Bobek Jeremy , Farmer John 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPlatelet inhibition is central to the efficacy of the intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors. Differences in the degree of platelet inhibition achieved with these agents may account for the disparity in clinical efficacy noted in recently completed clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ex vivo platelet inhibition with tirofiban in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome and who were referred for percutaneous coronary interventions. Twenty‐five patients were studied. Ten patients received tirofiban 10 μg/kg bolus and 0.15 μg/kg infusion for 16 hr. Platelet inhibition was determined at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min after tirofiban, by light transmission aggregometry (LTA), rapid platelet function assay (RPFA), and platelet works (PW). The average platelet inhibition using RPFA with PPACK, was 87% at 5 min, then decreased to a nadir of 72% at 30 min and recovered back to > 80% at 60 min and onward. Similar trends were noted with RPFA‐citrate, PW, and LTA. Ca‐chelating anticoagulants (EDTA and citrate) overestimated platelet inhibition at all time points. Dose adjustment was done by increasing the bolus (15 μg/kg) in five patients, increasing the maintenance dose (0.2 μg/kg/min) in five patients, and increasing both the bolus and the maintenance dose in another five patients. Platelet inhibition tested by all the above methods was consistently over 90% when both the bolus and maintenance doses were increased. No increased incidence of major bleeding was noted at this adjusted dose. The current dosing of tirofiban may be inadequate to achieve appropriate platelet inhibition during PCI in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome and receiving tirofiban immediately before the procedure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. Dose adjustment may be needed to maximize platelet inhibition early during PCI. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:474–477. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new intracoronary measurement catheter, MetriCath, compared to intravascular ultrasound and quantitative coronary angiography in a stented porcine coronary model
Authors: van der Giessen Willem J. , Carlier Stephane G. , Regar Evelyn , van Beusekom Heleen M.M. , Foley David P. , de Feyter Pim J. , Verdouw Pieter D. , Boersma Eric , Wolthuis Roger , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare measurements by MetriCath to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). The MetriCath system consists of a low‐pressure (200 mm Hg) balloon catheter connected to a pressure transducer and infusion pump linked to a computer that records pressure‐volume curves. Cross‐sectional area of blood vessels is obtained directly from the unrestrained and in‐stent pressure‐volume measurements. We compared stent cross‐sectional area measurements by MetriCath, IVUS, and QCA in a porcine stented coronary artery model. Comparison of area measurements in 14 stents showed no significant differences between the three methods (P = 0.66). On average, values differed 0.37 ± 0.60 mm2 between MetriCath and QCA, 0.13 ± 0.55 mm2 between MetriCath and IVUS, and 0.22 ± 0.80 mm2 between IVUS and QCA. This corresponds to 6.2% ± 10%, 3.0% ± 9.0%, and 3.1% ± 12.9% relative difference from the average of two corresponding measurements. Linear regression analysis showed excellent correlation between measurements (r = 0.99 for all comparisons). The differences in in‐stent area measurements between MetriCath and both QCA and IVUS were small. Considering the ease and rapidity of obtaining MetriCath results, this technique may form an alternative to the others in evaluating stent expansion. Based on these findings, clinical evaluation seems warranted. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;57:2–9. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coronary artery stents: Evaluating new designs for contemporary percutaneous intervention
Authors: Kandzari David E. , Tcheng James E. , Zidar James P. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractIntracoronary stents have markedly improved the short‐ and long‐term safety and efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention by improving acute gains in luminal dimensions, decreasing abrupt vessel occlusion, and reducing restenosis. At present, nearly 90% of all coronary interventions involve stenting. A variety of advances in stent technology and design have expanded the clinical application of stenting to include complex coronary lesions, multivessel disease, and small‐diameter vessels. In addition, the development of stents as drug delivery systems for antithrombotic or antiproliferative agents has the potential to expand the role of coronary stenting, and early clinical experience appears promising. The purpose of this review is to describe recent developments in stent design, examine the results of clinical trials of contemporary stents, and present future directions for investigation of new stent technologies. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:562–576. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stent design‐related coronary artery remodeling and patterns of neointima formation following self‐expanding and balloon‐expandable stent implantation
Authors: König Andreas , Schiele Thomas M. , Rieber Johannes , Theisen Karl , Mudra Harald , Klauss Volker 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe self‐expanding Wallstent (WS) and balloon‐expandable Palmaz‐Schatz stents (PS) display different mechanical and dynamical stent properties. We analyzed the impact of the respective stent design on coronary wall geometry using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) measurements. Serial measurements were performed within the stent and within reference segments of 50 patients (25 WS, 25 PS). Relative changes for each parameter in both stent designs were calculated (Mann‐Whitney U‐test; 95% CI). The luminal net gain in WS was not significantly higher in WS compared with PS (1.63 ± 1.11 vs. 1.44 ± 0.63 mm; P = 0.2554). The respective loss indexes were also similar (0.38 ± 0.42 vs. 0.36 ± 0.23; P = 0.8578). The WS segments showed significant postinterventional stent expansion with positive vessel remodeling. The neointima formation was significantly higher in WS segments (4.23 ± 2.07 vs. 2.22 ± 2.22 mm2). The coronary wall morphology and stent geometry after 6.5 ± 1.2 months are related to the stent design. In WS segments, the neointima formation was balanced by postinterventional stent expansion, resulting in a comparable relative lumen loss in both stent types. The respective stent design had no impact on the vessel reference segments. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;56:478–486. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful treatment of a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm mimicking a deep venous thrombosis following cardiac catheterization
Authors: Gauthier Gregory M. , Dieter Robert S. 
Published: October 2002

AbstractAccess site pseudoaneurysms are uncommon but well‐known complications of cardiac catheterization. We report the first known case of a pseudoaneurysm mimicking the presentation of a deep venous thrombosis by causing extrinsic compression of the venous system. The patient had complete resolution of the pseudoaneurysm and his symptoms following treatment with ultrasound‐guided percutaneous thrombin injection. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;57:75–78. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring complex interactions in designed data using GEMANOVA. Color changes in fresh beef during storage
Authors: Bro Rasmus , Jakobsen Marianne 
Published: October 2002

AbstractData from a severely reduced experimental design are investigated in order to obtain detailed information on important factors affecting the changes in quality of meat during storage under different conditions. It is possible to model the response, meat color, using traditional ANOVA (analysis of variance) techniques, but the exploratory and explanatory value of this model is somewhat restricted owing to the number of factors and the fact that several interactions exist. For those reasons, it is not possible to visualize the model in a simple way and therefore not possible to have a clear overview of the total variation in the data. Using a recently suggested alternative to traditional analysis of variance, GEMANOVA (generalized multiplicative ANOVA), it is possible to analyze the data effectively and obtain a more interpretable solution that enables a simple overview of the whole sampling domain. Whereas traditional analysis of variance typically seeks a model with main effects and as few and simple interactions and cross‐products as possible, the GEMANOVA model seeks to describe the data primarily by means of higher‐order interactions, albeit in a straightforward way. The two approaches are thus complementary. It is shown that the GEMANOVA model is simple to interpret, primarily because the GEMANOVA structure is in agreement with the nature of the data. It is shown that the GEMANOVA model used is mathematically unique, which leads to attractive simplified ways of interpreting the model. The results presented are the first published results where the GEMANOVA model is not simply equivalent to an ordinary PARAFAC model, thus taking full advantage of the additional structural power of GEMANOVA. A new algorithm for fitting the GEMANOVA model is developed and is available from the authors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of chirality and optical purity in nucleic acid recognition by PNA and PNA analogs
Authors: Sforza Stefano , Galaverna Gianni , Dossena Arnaldo , Corradini Roberto , Marchelli Rosangela 
Published: October 2002

AbstractPeptide nucleic acids are DNA mimics able to form duplexes with complementary DNA or RNA strands of remarkable affinity and selectivity. Oligopyrimidine PNA can displace one strand of dsDNA by forming PNA2:DNA triplexes of very high stability. Many PNA analogs have been described in recent years, in particular, chiral PNA analogs. In the present article the results obtained recently using PNA derived fromN‐aminoethylamino acids7are illustrated. In particular, the dependence of optical purity on synthetic methodologies and a rationale for the observed effects of chirality on DNA binding ability is proposed. Chirality as a tool for improving sequence selectivity is also described. PNA analogs derived from D‐ or L‐ornithine8were also found to be subjected to epimerization during solid phase synthesis. Modification of the coupling conditions or the use of a submonomeric strategy greatly reduced epimerization. The optically pure oligothymine PNAs8were found to bind to RNA by forming triplexes of unusual CD spectra. The melting curves of these adducts presented two transitions, suggesting a conformational change followed by melting at high temperature. Chirality 14:591–598, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective plasma protein binding of bimoclomol
Authors: Visy Júlia , Fitos Ilona , Mády György , Ürge László , Krajcsi Péter , Simonyi Miklós 
Published: October 2002

AbstractThe binding of bimoclomol enantiomers to human plasma, its components, as well as to plasma from monkey, dog, rat, and mouse was investigated by ultrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis. The considerably stronger binding of the (−)‐(S)‐enantiomer found in human plasma is due to the alpha1‐acid glycoprotein (AAG) component. The binding parameters for AAG (nRKR = 1.3 × 104 M−1 and nSKS = 1.0 × 105 M−1) revealed high enantioselectivity, while the binding to human serum albumin was found to be weak (nK = 5 × 103 M−1) and not stereoselective. (−)‐(S)‐Bimoclomol was extensively displaced in the presence of specific marker ligands for the “FIS” subfraction of human AAG. Comparative binding studies indicated considerable differences between plasma of the five species investigated. Chirality 14:638–642, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nonlinearity in optical resolution via distillation applying mixtures of resolving agents
Authors: Markovits Imre , Egri Gabriella , Fogassy Elemér 
Published: October 2002

AbstractDuring an optical resolution it is the resolving agent that has the strongest influence on the outcome of the process. Applying a mixture of resolving agents can result either in antagonism or in synergy. We found that using mixtures of tartaric acid and its derivatives chiral selectivity is at least the same, but in several cases markedly better (synergistic effect), than the sum of the effect of the individual resolving agents. Thus, the “Dutch method,” reported for the crystallization method, also works for distillation. A calculation method is applied for measuring the synergistic effect. Interestingly, an individually inactive resolving agent can be a useful contributor to the mixture of the resolving agents. Chirality 14:674–676, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Paramagnetic constraints: An aid for quick solution structure determination of paramagnetic metalloproteins
Authors: Bertini Ivano , Luchinat Claudio , Parigi Giacomo 
Published: October 2002

AbstractParamagnetism‐based constraints for the solution structure determination of metal‐containing proteins are introduced and analyzed theoretically to emphasize the amount of information that they contain. They are the relaxation rates, contact shifts, pseudocontact shifts, self‐orientation residual dipolar couplings and, cross correlations between Curie relaxation and dipolar relaxation. Computational strategies are discussed and examples are provided to show the effective impact of such constraints in real life. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 14: 259–286, 2002.
Polymerase chain reaction‐based diagnosis of bone marrow involvement in 170 cases of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Kang Yoon Hee , Park Chan Jeoung , Seo Eul Joo , Huh Jooryung , Kim Sung Bae , Kang Yoon‐Koo , Chi Hyun Sook 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDUp to the current time, diagnosis of bone marrow (BM) involvement in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been based on morphologic findings. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for antigen receptor gene rearrangements has the potential to increase the detection sensitivity of minimal degrees of BM involvement. The authors therefore assessed PCR‐based clonalities of BM concurrently with morphology from 170 cases with NHL and evaluated the usefulness of comparative analysis of clonalities between bilateral BMs and the lymph node and the clinical significance of PCR based clonalities of BM.METHODSBilateral BM clot sections of 170 cases and 47 lymph nodes were tested for immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement or T‐cell receptor gamma gene rearrangement according to the B‐ or T‐lineage of the lymph node.RESULTSWhen compared with morphology, the results of PCR showed an unexpectedly low positive concordance rate of 61.0% for B‐cell NHL and 57.1% for T‐cell NHL. When the clonality of BM was compared with that of lymph nodes in B‐cell NHL, bilateral clonalities of BM showed high concordance with the clonality of the lymph nodes. PCR‐based clonality did not show significant impact on survival.CONCLUSIONSMorphology remains the gold standard in the evaluation of BM involvement by NHL. Although the comparative analysis of BM clonality and that of the lymph nodes is considered a valuable tool that increases the reliability of clonality, PCR‐based clonality of BM does not significantly add to the sensitivity of diagnosing BM involvement by NHL. Cancer 2002;94:3073–82. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10584
Prognostic impact of extensive parenchymal invasion pattern in pT3 renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Yoshimura Koji , Arai Yoichi , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Ogura Keiji , Okino Takeshi , Ogawa Osamu 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDPathologic T3 renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma exhibits various patterns of invasion. The authors investigated the prognostic impact of three patterns of invasion of pT3 renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma.METHODSOf 212 patients who underwent surgery for renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma, 70 with pT3 disease were eligible for the main analyses. The candidate predictors of prognosis included patient age, gender, lesion laterality, tumor grade, perioperative cisplatin‐based systemic chemotherapy, lymph node involvement, vascular involvement, and patterns of invasion. Invasion patterns were classified as fat invasion, ductal involvement, or parenchymal invasion.RESULTSMean postoperative followup was 33.5 months (range, 1–136 months). On univariate analysis, gender, lymph node involvement, vascular involvement, and extensive parenchymal invasion each had a significant impact on the cause specific survival rate. A multivariate analysis using Cox stepwise regression revealed that extensive parenchymal involvement was the strongest prognostic predictor (P = 0.0004, hazard ratio = 5.59). Lymph node involvement (P = 0.0175, hazard ratio = 3.14) and gender (P = 0.0361, hazard ratio = 2.42) were other weaker predictors. Statistically, pT3 disease without extensive parenchymal invasion had a prognosis similar to that of lower stage disease, and pT3 disease with extensive parenchymal invasion had a prognosis similar to that of pT4 disease.CONCLUSIONSExtensive parenchymal invasion has a strong prognostic impact in renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma. pT3 disease should be subclassified into two separate entities, that with and that without extensive parenchymal invasion, in view of prognosis. Cancer 2002;94:3150–6. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10609
Antifungal prophylaxis for severely neutropenic chemotherapy recipients
Authors: Bow Eric J. , Laverdière Michel , Lussier Nathalie , Rotstein Coleman , Cheang Mary S. , Ioannou Stratis 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe overall clinical efficacy of the azoles antifungal agents and low‐dose intravenous amphotericin B for antifungal chemoprophylaxis in patients with malignant disease who have severe neutropenia remains unclear.METHODSRandomized‐controlled trials of azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and miconazole) or intravenous amphotericin B formulations compared with placebo/no treatment or polyene‐based controls in severely neutropenic chemotherapy recipients were evaluated using meta‐analytical techniques.RESULTSThirty‐eight trials that included 7014 patients (study agents, 3515 patients; control patients, 3499 patients) were analyzed. Overall, there were reductions in the use of parenteral antifungal therapy (prophylaxis success: odds ratio [OR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.48–0.68; relative risk reduction [RRR], 19%; number requiring treatment for this outcome [NNT], 10 patients), superficial fungal infection (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.20–0.43; RRR, 61%; NNT, 12 patients), invasive fungal infection (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.35–0.55; RRR, 56%; NNT, 22 patients), and fungal infection‐related mortality (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.41–0.82; RRR, 47%; NNT, 52 patients). Invasive aspergillosis was unaffected (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.62–1.44). Although overall mortality was not reduced (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.74–1.03), subgroup analyses showed reduced mortality in studies of patients who had prolonged neutropenia (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55–0.95) or who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59–0.99). The multivariate metaregression analyses identified HSCT, prolonged neutropenia, acute leukemia with prolonged neutropenia, and higher azole dose as predictors of treatment effect.CONCLUSIONSAntifungal prophylaxis reduced morbidity, as evidenced by reductions in the use of parenteral antifungal therapy, superficial fungal infection, and invasive fungal infection, as well as reducing fungal infection‐related mortality. These effects were most pronounced in patients with malignant disease who had prolonged neutropenia and HSCT recipients. Cancer 2002;94:3230–46. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10610
Expression and alteration of ras and p53 proteins in patients with lung carcinoma accompanied by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Takahashi Toru , Munakata Mitsuru , Ohtsuka Yoshinori , Nisihara Hiroshi , Nasuhara Yasuyuki , Kamachi‐Satoh Atsuko , Dosaka‐Akita Hirotoshi , Homma Yukihiko , Kawakami Yoshikazu 
Published: October 2002

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe ras oncogene and the p53 tumor suppressor gene play important roles in the carcinogenic process of lung carcinoma. The authors evaluated whether alterations of the ras and p53 proteins may contribute to the development of lung carcinoma in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and whether such alterations may explain the high incidence of lung carcinoma among patients with IPF.METHODSLung tissues were obtained from 35 patients who had IPF without complications of lung carcinoma and from 36 patients who had IPF with complications of lung carcinoma. Altered expression of ras and p53 proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and mutations of both genes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction‐single strand conformation polymorphism and sequencing analyses.RESULTSThe frequency of expression of ras protein in type II alveolar pneumocytes was significantly greater in lung tissues from patients with IPF who had lung carcinoma compared with lung tissues from patients with IPF who did not have lung carcinoma (75% vs. 40%, respectively; P < 0.01). K‐ras point mutation in codon 12 (GGT to GTT transversion) was detected in lung tissue with interstitial pneumonia, in which ras protein was overexpressed in type II alveolar pneumocytes obtained from 2 of 41 patients with IPF complicated by lung carcinoma, causing amino acid substitution (Gly to Val) in both patients. A p53 mutation was detected in three of six lung tissue samples from patients who had IPF lung with positive p53 immunoreactivity, and multiple mutations were detected in two samples.CONCLUSIONSExpression of ras protein in type II alveolar pneumocytes and mutation in the codon 12 of K‐ras gene in lung tissue may contribute to the induction of lung carcinoma in patients with IPF. Furthermore, the presence of multiple mutations in the p53 gene may explain the high incidence lung carcinoma in patients with IPF. Cancer 2002;95:624–33. © 2002 American Cancer Society.DOI 10.1002/cncr.10708