bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herausforderungen der Kostenschätzung von Kindeswohlgefährdung in unterschiedlichen Versorgungsbereichen und eine Annäherung an Kosten in der Gesundheitsversorgung
Authors: Jud Andreas , Clemens Vera , Lange Stephanie , Gossmann Emily , Fegert Jörg M. , Ress Vanessa , Walter Teresa , Wild Eva-Maria 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Im Artikel werden Lücken und Herausforderungen der Kostenfolgenschätzung zu Kindeswohlgefährdung im SGB VIII und im Gesundheitssektor (SGB V) beschrieben, die für den Gesundheitssektor anhand von Berechnungen zu Daten gesetzlicher Krankenversicherungen illustriert werden.
Material und Methoden Die Berechnungen basieren auf Abrechnungsdaten gesetzlicher Krankenversicherungen aus den Jahren 2010–2021 mit den ICD-10-Diagnosecodes T74.x, Y05, Y06.x, Y07.X, Z61, Z61.2, Z61.4, Z61.5, Z61.6, Z61.7 (ICD-10-GM), die Ereignisse im Kontext von Kindesmisshandlung betreffen.
Ergebnisse Die Berechnung der Ein-Jahres-Prävalenz für Kindesmisshandlung zeigt einen Anstieg seit 2010, der für 2021 in 30038 auf die Bundesbevölkerung hoch gerechneten Fällen gipfelt, woraus sich als Annäherung Kosten 2021 im Umfang von rund 11 Mio. Euro ergeben. Im stationären Bereich jedoch wurde je erfasstem Jahr entweder kein oder höchstens ein Fall von Kindesmisshandlung dokumentiert.
Schlussfolgerungen Bevölkerungsstudien weisen auf Prävalenzwerte durch Kindesmisshandlung in Deutschland im 2-stelligen Prozentbereich hin. Die Kosten von Kindesmisshandlung in Deutschland im Gesundheitssektor werden entsprechend durch mangelnde Erfassung – nicht nur im stationären Bereich – massiv unterschätzt; für den Kontext Kindes- und Jugendhilfe sind aufgrund fehlender Daten validen Berechnungen von Kostenfolgen nicht mal möglich.
Klinische Relevanz Eine Verbesserung oder teils auch Schaffung der strukturellen Grundlagen zur Datenerfassung von Kostenfolgen von Kindesmisshandlung ist dringend notwendig. Schulungen können die Sensibilität von Fachpersonen im Gesundheitssektor für die Wichtigkeit der Dokumentation von Daten zur Kindesmisshandlung sowie deren standardisierte Erfassung steigern.
Psychosoziale Themen in der Hausarztpraxis
Authors: Schmitz Marius , Rothermund Eva , Bekavac-Günther Ines , Barzel Anne , Schwill Simon , Clemens Vera , Fegert Jörg M. , Grau Katharina , Gündel Harald , Haun Maria , Lamp Natalie , Lloret Beatriz , Mayer Lea , Rassenhofer Miriam , Schneider Isabella , Herpertz Sabine C. , Oexle Nathalie 
Published: October 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Hintergrund Seit Jahrzehnten nimmt der psychosoziale Behandlungs- und Interventionsbedarf im hausärztlichen Setting zu. Insbesondere als schwierig empfundene Interaktionsstile sowie tabuisierte psychosoziale Probleme stellen Hausärzte häufig vor Herausforderungen.
Ziel der Arbeit In dieser Arbeit beschreiben wir den inhaltlichen Hintergrund, die Umsetzung und erste Evaluationsschritte zweier sich ergänzender CME-zertifizierter Online-Fortbildungsangebote für Hausärzte sowie Ärzte in Weiterbildung Allgemeinmedizin (ÄiW AM), die diesen Umstand adressieren.
Material und Methoden Während das Skillslab Heidelberg einen besonderen Fokus auf die interaktionellen Stile von Patienten legt, fokussiert das Projekt BASEpro Ulm auf den Umgang mit tabuisierten psychosozialen Problemen. In beiden Projekten wurden vorab online Bedarfsanalysen durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die Online-Bedarfsanalyse des Standorts Heidelberg (N = 54) zeigte den Wunsch nach einem verbesserten Störungswissen und Kommunikationstechniken auf. Die Online-Bedarfsanalyse des Standorts Ulm (qualitative Interviews N = 15; quantitative Befragung N = 117) ergaben insbesondere Unterstützungsbedarf bei der Identifikation tabuisierter psychosozialer Probleme und konkreten Handlungskompetenzen. Die Rückmeldungen zu den beiden Online-Fortbildungen (N = 60 und N = 200) fielen positiv aus. Die Abschlussevaluationen und Wirksamkeitsuntersuchungen werden derzeit vorgenommen.
Diskussion Die praktischen Erfahrungen und Rückmeldungen der beiden Online-Fortbildungen zeigen das Potenzial für die medizinische Fort- und Weiterbildung auf. Da in den bestehenden Online-Fortbildungen nur ausgewählte Themen und Problemlagen aufgegriffen werden konnten, werden inhaltliche Ausweitungen angestrebt. Anmeldungen sind weiterhin kostenlos möglich.
Microwave-Assisted Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes as a Platform for a Supported Iridium Catalyst
Authors: Sansano José M. , Rodríguez-Flórez Lesly V. , Retamosa María de Gracia , Martínez-Sánchez Beatriz , Cazorla-Amorós Diego , Nájera Carmen , Yus Miguel 
Published: October 2023

AbstractSingle-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were functionalized by treatment with imino esters through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition activated by thermal 1,2-prototropy. The reaction was optimized and analyzed by using various heating methods. The functionalization afforded pyrrolidino-functionalized nanotubes that were characterized by using several techniques. The ester group was then transformed into the corresponding SWCNT–iridium carboxylate and, as a proof of concept, the product was tested as a catalyst in the hydrogen-transfer reaction of acetophenone to yield 1-phenylethanol.
Interdental Papilla Regeneration: The Updates on Several Techniques
Authors: Abdul Hayei Nur Ayman , M. Yusof Hazira 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe procedure for regenerating interdental papilla is complex and technique-sensitive. However, the patient demand to reduce black triangle has dramatically increased in recent years. This article aimed to review the most recent surgical techniques on interdental papilla regeneration by reporting studies published from 2016 to 2021. A literature search was performed in electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science using the following keywords: “interdental papilla regeneration,” “papillary reconstruction,” “surgical papillary regeneration,” and “hyaluronic acid injection.” Studies that have involved surgical techniques for interdental papilla regeneration as well as less invasive surgical procedure such as hyaluronic acid injections are comprehensively reviewed in this article. Techniques such as tunnelling and coronally advanced flap appear to have better success rate compared to other techniques. In view of graft, connective tissue graft resulted in successful interdental papilla regeneration with papillary fill maintained over long-term compared to concentrated growth factors. A less invasive option would be hyaluronic acid injection, but with less success rate compared to surgical procedures. However, the results were limited by the lack of standardised method to measure successful interdental papilla regeneration. This article comprehensively reviews the updates on interdental papilla regeneration techniques.
Volar Lunate Dislocation Causing Secondary Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Gabig Andrew M. , Cooke Hayden L. , Roundy Robert , Gottschalk Michael B. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Failure of carpal tunnel release is an uncommon occurrence with unique pathologies that may impede proper diagnosis and treatment. Symptoms are most often attributed to an inadequate release of the transverse carpal ligament or pathologic scar tissue resultant of the primary decompression.
Case Description In this report, we describe the case of a 79-year-old male with a history of scaphoid lunate advanced collapse and a prior carpal tunnel decompression presenting with worsening right wrist function and new right palmar mass. The patient had no significant antecedent trauma, and clinical workup revealed volar dislocation of the lunate. After failed conservative treatment and multiple ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections, the patient was successfully treated surgically with carpal tunnel release, tenosynovectomy, and lunate excision.
Literature Review Volar lunate dislocation without a traumatic mechanism is rare. Progressive carpal destabilization and volar subluxation is not a commonly reported cause of secondary carpal tunnel symptoms. Isolated reports in the literature have been published with nearly identical presentations. Kamihata et al reported a patient, with a history of carpal tunnel decompression, presenting with numbness and tingling in her right hand without traumatic injury. A displaced lunate was found to abut the flexor tendons and median nerve. Ott et al further reported an atraumatic lunate dislocation and palmar swelling 4 weeks after a carpal tunnel release.
Clinical Relevance In the setting of existing arthritic degeneration, carpal tunnel release may destabilize the carpus and predispose patients to carpal dislocation. Further research is required to understand the risks associated with this instability leading to lunate dislocations secondary to carpal tunnel release.
The Effect of Arthroscopic Triangular Fibrocartilage Repair on Accompanying Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendinitis and Synovitis in Triangular Fibrocartilage Tears
Authors: Bezirgan Uğur , Yoğun Yener , Özgencil Bedir , Dursun Savran Merve , Genç Aysun , Armangil Mehmet 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Purpose Management of ulnar-sided wrist pain is difficult due to the complexity of the anatomy and the similarity of the signs and symptoms of possible diagnoses. The study's main purpose is to examine the effect of arthroscopic triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) repair on untreated extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendinitis and synovitis.
Methods Thirteen patients who underwent arthroscopic TFC repair in our clinic and preoperatively demonstrated ECU tendon pathology with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the retrospective study. Pre- and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS), pre- and postoperative tendinitis and synovitis, postoperative Mayo and patient-rated wrist evaluation score, postoperative grip strength of the operated and control sides, short and long diameters of the ECU tendon in ultrasonography were recorded.
Results The mean age of 13 patients (9 females and 4 males) was 39.54 ± 13.54, and the mean follow-up period was 26 ± 7.25 months. While there was no significant difference between pre- and postoperative tendinitis or synovitis levels, VAS decreased significantly (8.46 ± 1.33 vs. 3.00 ± 2.31, p = 0.0016). While the grip strength was 21.78 ± 7.83 on the control side, it was 18.28 ± 7.51 on the surgery side, being significantly lower (p = 0.0252). Ulnar variance did not affect tendinitis or synovitis. Short and long diameters of ECU were similar for the operated and control sides. While the short diameter did not affect the synovitis–tendinitis score, the bigger the long diameter, the higher the synovitis score (rho = 0.5162).
Conclusion In the presence of ECU, tendon pathologies accompanying TFC lesions, additional surgical interventions are mandatory as arthroscopic TFC repair has no significant effect on the healing of ECU.
Level of evidence: 4.
Environmentally Sustainable Endoscopy Practices
Authors: Jain Mayank 
Published: October 2023

AbstractClimate change affects each and every one of us and has far reaching consequences. As healthcare providers and responsible citizens, it is our duty to make our practices environmentally sustainable. Endoscopy practice involves frequent use of single-use items, resource-heavy decontamination practices, water consumption, patient and staff travel as well as high electricity consumption. The present review highlights the measures that can be taken to reduce the carbon footprint of endoscopy practice. Proper waste management, judicious use of electricity, proper selection of cases for anesthesia and biopsy, and appropriate use of noninvasive tests in practice are discussed in the review.
Nanoparticles with cubic symmetry: classification of polyhedral shapes
Authors: Hermann Klaus E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Structural studies of polyhedral bodies can help to analyze geometric details of observed crystalline nanoparticles (NP) where we consider compact polyhedra of cubic point symmetry as simple models. Their surfaces are described by facets with normal vectors along selected Cartesian directions (a, b, c) together with their symmetry equivalents forming a direction family {abc}. Here we focus on polyhedra with facets of families {100}, {110}, and {111}, suggested for metal and oxide NPs with cubic lattices. Resulting generic polyhedra, cubic, rhombohedral, octahedral, and tetrahexahedral, have been observed as NP shapes by electron microscopy. They can serve for a complete description of non-generic polyhedra as intersections of corresponding generic species, not studied by experiment so far. Their structural properties are shown to be fully determined by only three parameters, facet distances R
100, R
110, and R
111 of the three facet types. This provides a novel phase diagram to systematically classify all corresponding polyhedra. Their structural properties, such as shape, size, and facet geometry, are discussed in analytical and numerical detail with visualization of typical examples. The results may be used for respective NP simulations but also as a repository stimulating the structural interpretation of new NP shapes to be observed by experiment.
Honing in on a topological zero-bias conductance peak
Authors: Pal Subhajit , Benjamin Colin 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A popular signature of Majorana bound states in topological superconductors is the quantized zero-energy conductance peak. However, a similar zero energy conductance peak can also arise due to non-topological reasons. Here we show that these trivial and topological zero energy conductance peaks can be distinguished via the zero energy local density of states (LDOSs) and local magnetization density of states (LMDOSs). We find that the zero-energy LDOSs and the LMDOSs exhibit periodic oscillations for a trivial zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP). In contrast, these oscillations disappear for the topological ZBCP because of perfect Andreev reflection at zero energy in topological superconductor junctions. Our results suggest that the zero-energy LDOSs and the LMDOSs can be used as an experimental probe to distinguish a trivial zero-energy conductance peak from a topological zero-energy conductance peak.
Cross-domain bearing fault diagnosis method based on SMOTENC and deep transfer learning under imbalanced data
Authors: Jin Yupeng , Yang Junfeng , Yang Xu , Liu Zhongchao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The issue of cross-device fault diagnosis is a focal point in bearing fault diagnosis. Nevertheless, due to the imbalance in bearing fault data, conventional fault diagnosis methods have certain limitations in practical applications. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes a bearing fault diagnosis method based on synthetic minority over-sampling technique for nominal and continuous (SMOTENC) and deep transfer learning. Firstly, the SMOTENC algorithm is employed to oversample the imbalanced bearing vibration signals, thereby obtaining a balanced dataset. Secondly, a six-layer deep transfer neural network model is constructed, and a novel conditional distribution metric loss function is utilized to minimize the distance between the source and target domains. Lastly, the proposed method is applied to 12 cross-device bearing fault diagnosis tasks under an imbalanced dataset, and validated using three performance metrics. The research findings demonstrate that the bearing fault diagnosis method based on SMOTENC and deep transfer learning exhibits significant advantages in handling imbalanced data, offering an effective solution for research in the field of bearing fault diagnosis.
Adjustable short-term memory of SiO
x
:Ag-based memristor for reservoir computing
Authors: Li Ruiyi , Yang Haozhang , Zhang Yizhou , Tang Nan , Chen Ruiqi , Zhou Zheng , Liu Lifeng , Kang Jinfeng , Huang Peng 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Temporal information processing is critical for a wide spectrum of applications, such as finance, biomedicine, and engineering. Reservoir computing (RC) can efficiently process temporal information with low training costs. Various memristors have been explored to demonstrate RC systems leveraging the short-term memory and nonlinear dynamic behaviours. However, the short-term memory is fixed after the device fabrication, limiting the applications to diverse temporal analysis tasks. In this work, we propose the approaches to modulating the short-term memory of Pt/SiO
x
:Ag/Pt memristor for the performance improvement of the RC systems. By controlling the read voltage, pulse amplitude and pulse width applied to the devices, the obtainable range of the characteristic time reaches three orders of magnitude from microseconds to around milliseconds. Based on the fabricated memristor, the classification of 4-bit pulse streams is demonstrated. Memristor-based RC systems with adjustable short-term memory are constructed for time-series prediction and pattern recognition tasks with different requirements for the characteristic times. The simulation results show that low normalized root mean square error of 0.003 (0.27) in Hénon map (Mackey–Glass time series) and excellent classification accuracy of 99.6% (91.7%) in spoken-digit recognition (MNIST image recognition) are achieved, which outperforms most memristor-based RC systems recently reported. Furthermore, the RC networks with diverse short-term memories are constructed to address more complicated tasks with low prediction errors. This work proves the high controllability of memristor-based RC systems to handle multiple temporal processing tasks.
High energy x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer employing a microarray anode-structured target source to extend the field of view
Authors: Lin Qisi , Wu Zhao , Zan Guibin , Huang Meng , Dang Zheng , Tian Lijiao , Guan Yong , Liu Gang , Lu Yalin , Tian Yangchao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. High energy and large field of view (FOV) phase contrast imaging is crucial for biological and even medical applications. Although some works have devoted to achieving a large FOV at high energy through bending gratings and so on, which would be extremely challenging in medical high energy imaging. Approach. We analyze the angular shadowing effect of planar gratings in high-energy x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer (XTLI). Then we design and develop an inverse XTLI coupled with a microarray anode-structured target source to extend the FOV at high energy. Main results. Our experimental results demonstrate the benefit of the source in the inverse XTLI and a large FOV of 106.6 mm in the horizontal direction is achieved at 40 keV. Based on this system, experiments of a mouse demonstrate the potential advantage of phase contrast mode in imaging lung tissue. Significance. We extend the FOV in a compact XTLI using a microarray anode-structured target source coupled with an inverse geometry, which eliminates grating G0 and relaxes the fabrication difficulty of G2. We believe the established design idea and imaging system would facilitate the wide applications of XTLI in high energy phase contrast imaging.
Laser wakefield acceleration of electrons in a magnetically controlled plasma
Authors: Nikrah B , Jafari S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the laser wakefield acceleration of electrons in a magnetically-controlled plasma is investigated. The results indicate that by employing a linearly-chirped laser pulse propagating through magnetized plasma with a reversed external magnetic field, higher energy electrons are obtained than with unmagnetized plasma and/or a nonchirped laser pulse. By considering an appropriate constant chirping magnitude and an axial external magnetic field, one can obtain remarkable GeV electron energies. It is also found that the effect of the external magnetic field direction on the electron energy is not sensed much in the mildly relativistic regime, while the reversed magnetic field increases the peak of electron energy gains compared with the forward magnetic field in the highly relativistic regime. For the mildly relativistic case, a peak energy of 412 MeV and a relative energy spread of 7% is obtained. In addition, for the highly relativistic case, a peak energy of 1.55 GeV is obtained.
In2O3 decorated TiO2 for broadband photosensing applications
Authors: B Sharmila , Dwivedi Priyanka 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the fabrication and broadband photosensing of bare TiO2 and In2O3 decorated TiO2 based photodetectors. The photosensing properties of the In2O3 decorated TiO2 were compared with the bare TiO2. The proposed photosensing devices are wafer scalable. The devices were tested in the broad spectral range from ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths. The In2O3 decorated TiO2 heterojunction-based photodetector showed improved photocurrent with a high photo to dark current ratio in the order of 4 × 103, which is 103 times higher than the TiO2 photodetector at 450 nm. In addition, this heterojunction based photodetector shows the responsivity and detectivity of 1415 mA W–1 and 4.97 × 1012Jones respectively. Moreover, In2O3 decorated TiO2 heterojunction shows highly repeatable results with a rise/fall time of 1.42/0.09 s. The fabricated photodetectors could have more potential in the field of broadband optical sensing.
A TOPAS model for lens-based proton radiography
Authors: Broder Brittany A , Aulwes Ethan F , Espy Michelle , Merrill Frank E , Sidebottom Rachel B , Tupa Dale , Freeman Matthew S 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Objective. Proton Radiography can be used in conjunction with proton therapy for patient positioning, real-time estimates of stopping power, and adaptive therapy in regions with motion. The modeling capability shown here can be used to evaluate lens-based radiography as an instantaneous proton-based radiographic technique. The utilization of user-friendly Monte Carlo program TOPAS enables collaborators and other users to easily conduct medical- and therapy- based simulations of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). The resulting transport model is an open-source Monte Carlo package for simulations of proton and heavy ion therapy treatments and concurrent particle imaging. Approach. The four-quadrupole, magnetic lens system of the 800-MeV proton beamline at LANSCE is modeled in TOPAS. Several imaging and contrast objects were modelled to assess transmission at energies from 230–930 MeV and different levels of particle collimation. At different proton energies, the strength of the magnetic field was scaled according to βγ, the inverse product of particle relativistic velocity and particle momentum. Main results. Materials with high atomic number, Z, (gold, gallium, bone-equivalent) generated more contrast than materials with low-Z (water, lung-equivalent, adipose-equivalent). A 5-mrad collimator was beneficial for tissue-to-contrast agent contrast, while a 10-mrad collimator was best to distinguish between different high-Z materials. Assessment with a step-wedge phantom showed water-equivalent path length did not scale directly according to predicted values but could be mapped more accurately with calibration. Poor image quality was observed at low energies (230 MeV), but improved as proton energy increased, with sub-mm resolution at 630 MeV. Significance. Proton radiography becomes viable for shallow bone structures at 330 MeV, and for deeper structures at 630 MeV. Visibility improves with use of high-Z contrast agents. This modality may be particularly viable at carbon therapy centers with accelerators capable of delivering high energy protons and could be performed with carbon therapy.