bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health benefits valuation in three‐generation households—the role of reciprocity
Authors: Bartczak Anna , Budziński Wiktor , Nicińska Anna , Starzykowska Natalia 
Published: October 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates preferences for family resource allocation on health in three‐generation families and examines whether reciprocity attitudes influence preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing lifetime health risk.BackgroundEmpirical results of nonmarket valuation studies suggest that adults value improving their children's health more than their own. Such results are often explained by parental altruism, but self‐interest may also be involved.MethodA choice experiment valuation survey elicited respondents' preferences for lifetime risk reduction in coronary artery disease (CAD) and a psychometric scale assessed their reciprocal attitudes. Respondents were middle‐generation members of three‐generation households. To conduct the analysis a hybrid mixed logit model was used that enabled including psychological factors into a utility function derived from respondents' survey choices.ResultsReciprocal attitudes had distinct effects on the middle‐generation preferences for reducing family members' risk of CAD. The latent attitudes concerning reciprocity significantly affected the WTP for the health risk reduction for all family members. The impact of reciprocity on the valuation of CAD risk reduction for the respondent and the elderly parent was similar, but for the child, it was significantly higher.ConclusionsParents' higher WTP for improving children's health, at least partially, reflects strategic decisions related to reciprocal beliefs. Reciprocity also affects the evaluation of health benefits for elderly parents and middle‐aged respondents themselves.ImplicationsThese findings may have implications regarding the degree to which the so‐called “sandwich generation” can substitute for the government in the area of health and social care for the elderly.
REGULATORY PROTECTION AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Authors: Mei Yuan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractI develop a general equilibrium framework to analyze the welfare consequences of product regulations and their international harmonization. In my model, raising product standards reduces a negative consumption externality, but also increases the marginal and fixed costs of production. When product standards are set noncooperatively, the effects of standards on other countries' wages and number of firms are not internalized, giving rise to an international inefficiency. The World Trade Organization's nondiscrimination principle of national treatment only partly addresses this inefficiency. Welfare losses from abandoning national treatment average 2.8%, whereas the maximum welfare gains from efficient cooperation average 11.8%.
Vaginal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor treated with complete surgical resection and postoperative radiation therapy
Authors: Mizuta Yuka , Kozono Yuki , Asai Mayu , Sekiyama Kentaro , Yoshioka Yumiko , Higuchi Toshihiro 
Published: October 2023

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are neoplasms originating from or differentiating into nerve sheaths of peripheral nerves. Vaginal origin is rare, with only six vaginal primary cases reported to date. A 55‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with a 7 cm vulvar mass. Tumor biopsy results were suspicious of sarcoma, and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and hysterofiberscopy showed that the tumor originated from the lower vagina. The mass was transvaginally excised, and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a vaginal MPNST with negative surgical margins. The patient underwent radiotherapy because the risk of recurrence was high, owing to the large tumor size and high mitotic index. The patient remained recurrence‐free for 1 year after the primary treatment. This is the first case of a high‐risk vaginal MPNST that avoided early disease recurrence with additional radiotherapy after complete tumor resection.
Student Outcomes, Perspectives, and Experiences in Traditional and Flipped L2 American Sign Language Classrooms: A Partial Replication Study
Authors: Cripps Jody H. , Rosen Russell S. , Sever‐Hall Aimee M. , Cooper Sheryl B. , Fenicle Ronald 
Published: October 2023

AbstractForeign language classrooms have historically used classroom lecture‐based approaches for instruction. However, the flipped pedagogical approach was recently introduced into foreign language and other classrooms. Studies of the flipped classroom approach in spoken L2 classrooms have generally found a positive impact on student learning outcomes, perceptions and satisfaction compared with the traditional classroom approach. Cripps et al. (2021) found no difference in student learning outcomes and satisfaction between L2 American Sign Language traditional and flipped classrooms each taught by two different instructors. This study is a partial replication of Cripps et al. (2021) with both classes taught by the same instructor, using the traditional classroom data from the original study and comparing it to new data from the same instructor teaching in the flipped approach. Results show no major differences, suggesting that the flipped classroom approach is as viable as the traditional classroom approach regardless of the instructor.
Machine learning–assisted drift capacity prediction models for reinforced concrete columns with shape memory alloy bars
Authors: Lee Chang Seok , Mangalathu Sujith , Jeon Jong‐Su 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDespite notable progress made in predicting the drift capacity of reinforced columns with steel bars, these techniques and methods are proven inapplicable for accurately predicting the drift capacity of RC columns reinforced with shape memory alloy (SMA) bars. This study employed machine learning (ML) to predict and design the drift limit state of concrete columns using SMA bars. To this end, a total of 292,000 synthetic data points were generated through numerical simulations given the limited amount of experimental data for SMA bars. The data analysis results suggest that the light gradient boosting (LGB) algorithm achieves the best performance in terms of computational efficiency and prediction accuracy among nine candidate ML algorithms considered in this study. Further refinements for the LGB algorithm is introduced to yield better prediction results: (1) Hyperparameters are tuned using particle swarm optimization with an improved particle updating strategy and (2) the dimensions of the input data are reduced using a modified recursive feature elimination algorithm with memorizing capability. In addition, this study demonstrated the application of the proposed ML‐assisted drift capacity prediction model to the design of SMA‐reinforced concrete columns using modified particle swarm optimization that can help structural designers worldwide.
Global analysis of seed transcriptomes reveals a novel PLATZ regulator for seed size and weight control in soybean
Authors: Hu Yang , Liu Yue , Lu Long , Tao Jian‐Jun , Cheng Tong , Jin Meng , Wang Zhou‐Ya , Wei Jun‐Jie , Jiang Zhi‐Hao , Sun Wan‐Cai , Liu Cheng‐Lan , Gao Feng , Zhang Yong , Li Wei , Bi Ying‐Dong , Lai Yong‐Cai , Zhou Bin , Yu De‐Yue , Yin Cui‐Cui , Wei Wei , Zhang Wan‐Ke , Chen Shou‐Yi , Zhang Jin‐Song 
Published: October 2023

Summary
Seed size and weight are important factors that influence soybean yield.
Combining the weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) of 45 soybean accessions and gene dynamic changes in seeds at seven developmental stages, we identified candidate genes that may control the seed size/weight. Among these, a PLATZ‐type regulator overlapping with 10 seed weight QTLs was further investigated. This zinc‐finger transcriptional regulator, named as GmPLATZ, is required for the promotion of seed size and weight in soybean.
The GmPLATZ may exert its functions through direct binding to the promoters and activation of the expression of cyclin genes and GmGA20OX for cell proliferation. Overexpression of the GmGA20OX enhanced seed size/weight in soybean. We further found that the GmPLATZ binds to a 32‐bp sequence containing a core palindromic element AATGCGCATT. Spacing of the flanking sequences beyond the core element facilitated GmPLATZ binding. An elite haplotype Hap3 was also identified to have higher promoter activity and correlated with higher gene expression and higher seed weight. Orthologues of the GmPLATZ from rice and Arabidopsis play similar roles in seeds.
Our study reveals a novel module of GmPLATZ‐GmGA20OX/cyclins in regulating seed size and weight and provides valuable targets for breeding of crops with desirable agronomic traits.
Helper NLRs Nrc2 and Nrc3 act codependently with Prf/Pto and activate MAPK signaling to induce immunity in tomato
Authors: Zhang Ning , Gan Joyce , Carneal Lauren , González‐Tobón Juliana , Filiatrault Melanie , Martin Gregory B. 
Published: October 2023

SUMMARYPlant intracellular immune receptors, primarily nucleotide‐binding, leucine‐rich repeat proteins (NLRs), detect pathogen effector proteins and activate NLR‐triggered immunity (NTI). Recently, ‘sensor’ NLRs have been reported to function with ‘helper’ NLRs to activate immunity. We investigated the role of two helper NLRs, Nrc2 and Nrc3, on immunity in tomato to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) mediated by the sensor NLR Prf and the Pto kinase. An nrc2/nrc3 mutant no longer activated Prf/Pto‐mediated NTI to Pst containing the effectors AvrPto and AvrPtoB. An nrc3 mutant showed intermediate susceptibility between wild‐type plants and a Prf mutant, while an nrc2 mutant developed only mild disease. These observations indicate that Nrc2 and Nrc3 act additively in Prf‐/Pto‐mediated immunity. We examined at what point Nrc2 and Nrc3 act in the Prf/Pto‐mediated immune response. In the nrc2/3 mutant, programmed cell death (PCD) normally induced by constitutively active variants of AvrPtoB, Pto, or Prf was abolished, but that induced by M3Kα or Mkk2 was not. PCD induced by a constitutively active Nrc3 was also abolished in a Nicotiana benthamiana line with reduced expression of Prf. MAPK activation triggered by expression of AvrPto in the wild‐type tomato plants was completely abolished in the nrc2/3 mutant. These results indicate that Nrc2 and Nrc3 act with Prf/Pto and upstream of MAPK signaling. Nrc2 and Nrc3 were not required for PCD triggered by Ptr1, another sensor NLR‐mediating Pst resistance, although these helper NLRs do appear to be involved in resistance to certain Pst race 1 strains
An audit of mental health questions on U.S. nursing licensure applications: Evidence to guide urgent action for change
Authors: Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek , Holod Alicia F. , Hsieh Andreanna Pavan , Feist J. Corey 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackgroundNurses often forgo needed mental healthcare due to stigma and fear of losing their license. The decision to access care or disclose mental health struggles is intensified when registered nurses (RNs) or advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) discover that licensure applications ask invasive mental health questions that could impact their ability to work.AimsThis study highlights findings from an audit of mental health and substance use questions included in RN and APRN licensure applications across the United States.MethodsA sequential 4‐step approach was used to retrieve RN and APRN licensure applications: (1) review of Board of Nursing (BON) websites, (2) communication with BON staff, (3) communication with Deans of Nursing to ask for retrieval assistance, and (4) creation of mock applicants. An embedded checklist within the Dr. Lorna Breen Heroes Foundation's Remove Intrusive Mental Health Questions from Licensure and Credentialing Applications Toolkit guided the audit. Two study team members reviewed the applications independently for intrusive mental health questions, which were designated as non‐compliant with the Toolkit's recommendations and arbitrated for consensus. States were designated as non‐compliant if ≥1 item on the checklist was violated.ResultsAt least one RN and APRN application was obtained from 42 states. Only RN applications were obtained from five states, while only APRN applications were obtained from three states. Only 13 states (26%) fully adhered to the Took‐Kit checklist.Linking Evidence to ActionThe majority of BONs did not fully adhere to the Took‐Kit checklist. Guidance from national organizations and legislation from state governments concerning the removal or revision of probing mental health and substance use questions is urgently needed to cultivate a stigma‐reducing environment where nurses are supported in seeking needed mental health treatment.
Emerging role of cyclophilin A in HIV-1 infection: from producer cell to the target cell nucleus
Authors: Padron Adrian , Prakash Prem , Pandhare Jui , Luban Jeremy , Aiken Chris , Balasubramaniam Muthukumar , Dash Chandravanu 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The HIV-1 genome encodes a small number of proteins with structural, enzymatic, regulatory, and accessory functions. These viral proteins interact with a number of host factors to promote the early and late stages of HIV-1 infection. During the early stages of infection, interactions between the viral proteins and host factors enable HIV-1 to enter the target cell, traverse the cytosol, dock at the nuclear pore, gain access to the nucleus, and integrate into the host genome. Similarly, the viral proteins recruit another set of host factors during the late stages of infection to orchestrate HIV-1 transcription, translation, assembly, and release of progeny virions. Among the host factors implicated in HIV-1 infection, Cyclophilin A (CypA) was identified as the first host factor to be packaged within HIV-1 particles. It is now well established that CypA promotes HIV-1 infection by directly binding to the viral capsid. Mechanistic models to pinpoint CypA’s role have spanned from an effect in the producer cell to the early steps of infection in the target cell. In this review, we will describe our understanding of the role(s) of CypA in HIV-1 infection, highlight the current knowledge gaps, and discuss the potential role of this host factor in the post-nuclear entry steps of HIV-1 infection.
Radiative–Convective Heating of the Surface of the Martian Descent Vehicle MSL with Taking into Account the Turbulent Nature of Flow
Authors: Surzhikov S. T. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The three-dimensional computer model based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations together with the Baldwin–Lomax and Prandtl algebraic models of turbulent mixing is used to calculate radiative–convective heat transfer on the surface of the MSL descent space vehicle. The intensification of convective heat transfer on the leeward side of the frontal aerodynamic shield and the superiority of the radiative heat flux density over the convective one on the rear surface are demonstrated. The calculations are performed using the physically and chemically nonequilibrium gas model. The results are compared with the calculations based on other computational models and the flight data on the heat load to the descent vehicle obtained during MSL descent in the dense layers of the Martian atmosphere.
How Visual Design of Severe Weather Outlooks Can Affect Communication and Decision-Making
Authors: Clive Mary Anne T. , Doyle Emma E. H. , Potter Sally H. , Noble Chris , Johnston David M. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Multiday severe weather outlooks can inform planning beyond the hour-to-day windows of warnings and watches. Outlooks can be complex to visualize, as they represent large-scale weather phenomena overlapping across several days at varying levels of uncertainty. Here, we present the results of a survey (n = 417) that explores how visual variables affect comprehension, inferences, and intended decision-making in a hypothetical scenario with the New Zealand MetService Severe Weather Outlook. We propose that visualization of the time window, forecast area, icons, and uncertainty can influence perceptions and decision-making based on four key findings. First, composite-style outlooks that depict multiple days of weather on one map can lead to biased perceptions of the forecast. When responding to questions about a day for which participants accurately reported there was no severe weather forecast, those who viewed a composite outlook reported higher likelihoods of severe weather occurring, higher levels of concern about travel, and higher likelihoods of changing plans compared to those who viewed outlooks that showed weather for each day on a separate map, suggesting that they perceived the forecast to underrepresent the likelihood of severe weather on that day. Second, presenting uncertainty in an extrinsic way (e.g., “low”) can lead to more accurate estimates of likelihood than intrinsic formats (e.g., hue variation). Third, shaded forecast areas may lead to higher levels of confidence in the forecast than outlined forecast areas. Fourth, inclusion of weather icons can improve comprehension in some conditions. The results demonstrate how visualization can affect decision-making about severe weather and support several evidence-based considerations for effective design of long-term forecasts.

Significance Statement
Severe weather outlook forecasts can be hard to clearly communicate because they show multiple weather patterns across multiple days and regions with varying uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to explore how visual elements of outlook design affect the way that people understand this complex content. We had three separate groups respond to the same series of questions while viewing different modified versions of the MetService Severe Weather Outlook in Aotearoa New Zealand and compared their responses. We find that the way the outlooks’ time window, forecast area, icons, and uncertainty are visualized can influence how people understand outlooks and make inferences and decisions about severe weather. We discuss how these influences may impact communication and action and present several evidence-based considerations for effective outlook design.
Advancing Proficiencies for Health Professionals in the Treatment of Tobacco Use Among Marginalized Communities: Development of a Competency-Based Curriculum and Virtual Workshop
Authors: Sheffer Christine E. , Shevorykin Alina , Freitas-Lemos Roberta , Vantucci Darian , Carl Ellen , Bensch Lindsey , Marion Matthew , Erwin Deborah O. , Smith Philip H. , Williams Jill M. , Ostroff Jamie S. 
Published: October 2023

Background: Tobacco-related disparities are a leading contributor to health inequities among marginalized communities. Lack of support from health professionals is one of the most cited barriers to tobacco cessation reported by these communities. Improving the proficiencies with which health professionals incorporate social and cultural influences into therapeutic interactions has the potential to address this critical barrier. In general, training to improve these proficiencies has shown promise, but the specific proficiencies required for treating tobacco use among marginalized communities are unknown. This project aimed to develop a competency-based curriculum to improve these proficiencies among health professionals with experience and training in the evidence-based treatment of tobacco use, and then pilot test the content delivered via an expert review of a virtual, self-paced workshop. Methods: We used the Delphi Technique to systematically identify the specific competencies and corresponding knowledge and skill sets required to achieve these proficiencies. Educational content was developed to teach these competencies in a virtual workshop. The workshop was evaluated by 11 experts in the field by examining pre- and post-training changes in perceived knowledge, skill, and confidence levels and other quantitative and qualitative feedback. Repeated measures analysis of variance and paired sample t-tests were used to examine pre-post training differences. Results: Six competencies and corresponding skill sets were identified. After exposure to the virtual workshop, the experts reported significant increases in the overall proficiency for each competency as well as increases in nearly all levels of knowledge, skill, and confidence within the competency skill sets. Qualitative and quantitative findings indicate that content was relevant to practice. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary support for 6 competencies and skills sets needed to improve therapeutic interpersonal interactions that recognize the importance of social and cultural influences in the treatment of tobacco use.
Auditory Test of Processing Speed: Preliminary validation of a smartphone-based test of mental speed
Authors: Weinstock Zachary L , Jaworski Michael , Dwyer Michael G , Jakimovski Dejan , Burnham Alex , Wicks Taylor R , Youngs Margaret , Santivasci Celeste , Cruz Sara , Gillies John , Covey Thomas J , Suchan Christopher , Bergsland Niels , Weinstock-Guttman Bianca , Zivadinov Robert , Benedict Ralph HB 
Published: October 2023

Background: The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a gold-standard measure of cognitive efficiency and processing speed for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) but relies on vision and oculomotor function. Objectives: To develop and validate a new processing speed test with minimal memory involvement and no eye function requirements. Methods: We created an Auditory Test of Processing Speed (ATOPS). A total of 122 PwMS, of whom 33 were severely disabled (median Expanded Disability Status Scale 8.0) and 37 healthy volunteers (HVs), were enrolled. We assessed sensitivity to discriminate MS participants from HVs, convergent validity between ATOPS and SDMT, sensitivity to discriminate between cognitively impaired (CI) and cognitively preserved (CP) MS participants, and correlations with MS pathology (overall brain lesion burden). Acceptability was examined with completion rates and participant ratings of ATOPS. Results: ATOPS discriminated PwMS from HVs ( d = 0.739–0.856), correlated with SDMT (| r| = 0.528–0.587), discriminated between CI and CP PwMS ( d = 0.623–0.776), and correlated with lesion burden ( r = 0.332–0.436). All groups indicated high favorability of ATOPS and severely disabled MS patients could be assessed by ATOPS more frequently than by SDMT (100% vs. 72.4% completion). Conclusions: ATOPS is a novel, accessible, and acceptable cognitive processing speed test that may be useful in clinical and/or research settings.