bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure Probability of Deposit Landslide Under Gradient Rainfall Based on Conditional Probability
Authors: Kouame Adangba Raphael , Wang Huanling 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Predicting the deposit landslide’s failure probability is a critical parameter in the geotechnical process. The cohesion and the internal friction are usually selected as random parameters for the numerical constitutive model. The existing method can predict the failure probability function (FPF) using the Monte Carlo method (MCM). However, it struggles with the limitation of the current probability density function (PDF). In this study, a small interval of parameters is introduced to estimate the parameters. The FPF can be converted into the augmented failure probability (AFP) approximation and the conditional probability related to the parameter interval using the Bayes model. Once the criterion of the small parameter intervals required for estimating the measure is selected, a single MCM combined with the adaptive Kriging nested method and MCM (AK-MCM) is established to approximate AFP. The Dahua deposit landslide is chosen as a case study to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solution. The copula model is used to correlate the rainfall intensity and the duration. The results reveal that the proposed solution is more accurate than the direct MCM and show that the return period could influence the failure probability.
Emerging climate-sensitive infections of the North
Authors: Thierfelder Tomas , Orlov Dmitry , Tokarevich Nikolay , Evengård Birgitta 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
As the terrestrial realms of the Arctic thaw with climate change, populations of relative southern infectious diseases carried by vector organisms such as ticks and mosquitoes may migrate, expand and/or in other ways respond to the resulting landscape transitions, and transmit onto humans and animals of the far North. The OneHealth effects of potentially expanding climate sensitive infections (CSI’s) constitute a serious global threat. To identify potential CSI’s, data concerning a selection of human infections were procured from national health reporting systems to cover the current thirty-year climate reference period (onto 2016) from western Greenland to the pacific coast of Russia, from approximately 55 to 80 degrees north. The diseases chosen to represent different transmission processes, e.g. via vector organisms bound to water, air, and/or soil environments, were borreliosis, brucellosis, cryptosporidiosis, leptospirosis, Puumala haemorrhagic fever, Q-fever, tick-borne encephalitis, and tularaemia. Inferential results indicate that 88% (7/8) of these infections are changing systematically with respect to incidence levels and/or geographic distribution, at local or regional scales within the study area, and that they therefore should be considered as being potentially climate sensitive. It is hence likely that many northern societies will experience changing CSI exposure. In addition, for each of the selected infections, the geographic distribution of their respective thirty-year average incidences was used to define “diseases climates” for future reference. Inconsistencies across national health reporting systems, as well as the current (late 2023) exclusion of Russian observatory networks, are seriously constraining the possibilities to infer international climate-related epidemiological trends.
Late glycolysis supplies energy for effector trafficking in Magnaporthe oryzae, implicating a potential target in managing rice blast
Authors: Zhang Zhengguang , Liu Xinyu , Shen Ju , Li Zanfeng , Chen Chen , Shen Lingbo , He Yangjie , Guo Ziqian , Xu Jiayun , Wu Miao , Yang Ping , Yang Leiyun , Liu Muxing , Li Gang , Zhang Haifeng , Wang Ping 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
During the early stages of the Magnaporthe oryzae and rice interaction, rice generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst to inhibit further proliferation of the pathogen. At the same time, M. oryzae secretes various effectors into the host through vesicle trafficking that subverts ROS stress. However, how these effectors are secreted in a timely manner remains unclear. Here, we found that vesicle movement significantly increases under ROS stress and that glycolysis is the energy source for such effector trafficking. Specifically, ROS inhibits the palmitoylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) that inhibits GAPDH-mediated phase separation, and resulting raised pool of GAPDH in the cytoplasm facilitates ATP generation required for vesicle trafficking. To ensure GAPDH-mediated glycolysis, a Nudix hydrolase, MoNud5, catalyzes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen (NADH) for maintaining GAPDH activities in vivo. To explore whether inhibiting M. oryzae GAPDH activities effectively controls rice blast, we discovered a small molecule, TH287, that inhibits the pathogenesis of M. oryzae. TH287 binds to MoNud5 to inhibit its function, resulting in increased NADH and decreased GAPDH activities. Our studies reveal the significance of glycolysis-mediated vesicle trafficking in the blast fungus and provides evidence that GAPDH suppression is a potential strategy to control rice blasts.
Risk Factors for Synchronous High-risk Polyps in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: He Degao , Chen Junguo , Jiang Xuefei , Chen Hao , Huang Juanni , Chen Zexian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients may experience inadequate preoperative colonoscopy due to bowel obstruction or inadequate bowel preparation, leading to potential oversight of other polyps. We aimed to identify risk factors for CRC complicated with synchronous high-risk polyps.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 6,674 CRC patients from December 2014 to September 2018 was conducted. High-risk polyps were defined as adenomas or serrated polyps that were ≥ 10 mm, or with tubulovillous/villous components or high-grade dysplasia. All other polyps were defined as low-risk polyps. Patients with complete pathological and clinical information were categorized into three groups: the no polyp group, the low-risk polyp group, and the high-risk polyp group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all potential risk factors.
Results
Among the 4,659 eligible patients, 848 (18.2%) were found to have low-risk polyps, while 675 (14.5%) were diagnosed with high-risk polyps. In a multivariate logistic regression model, compared to patients without polyps, those with synchronous high-risk polyps were more likely to be male (OR = 2.07), aged 50 or older (OR = 2.77), have early-stage tumors (OR = 1.46), colon tumors (OR = 1.53), NRAS mutant tumors (OR = 1.66), and BRAF wild-type tumors (OR = 2.43).
Conclusion
Our study has identified several risk factors associated with the presence of synchronous high-risk polyps in CRC patients. Based on these findings, we recommend that patients who exhibit these high-risk factors undergo early follow-up of colonoscopy to prevent the development of metachronous CRC.
Artificial intelligence for volumetric measurement of cerebral white matter hyperintensities on thick-slice fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance images from multiple centers
Authors: Kuwabara Masashi , Ikawa Fusao , Nakazawa Shinji , Koshino Saori , Ishii Daizo , Kondo Hiroshi , Hara Takeshi , Maeda Yuyo , Sato Ryo , Kaneko Taiki , Maeyama Shiyuki , Shimahara Yuki , Horie Nobutaka 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

We aimed to develop a new artificial intelligence software that can automatically extract and measure the volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using only thick-slice fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences from multiple centers. We enrolled 1,092 participants in Japan, comprising this thick-slice Private Dataset. Based on 207 randomly selected participants, neuroradiologists annotated WMHs using predefined guidelines. The annotated participants were divided into training (n = 138) and test (n = 69) datasets. The WMH segmentation model comprised a U-Net ensemble and was trained using the Private Dataset. Two other models were trained for validation using either both thin- and thick-slice MRI datasets or the thin-slice dataset alone. The voxel-wise Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used as the evaluation metric. The model trained using only thick-slice MRI showed a DSC of 0.820 for the test dataset, which is comparable to the accuracy of human readers. The model trained with the additional thin-slice dataset showed only a slightly improved DSC of 0.822. This automatic WMH segmentation model comprising a U-Net ensemble trained on a thick-slice FLAIR MRI dataset is a promising new method. Despite some limitations, this model may be applicable in clinical practice.
Association between physical activity and afternoon nap, night sleep duration in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Lin Lu , Xiong Huan , Cai Hongxia , Yang Xiujuan 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore the association between physical activity and sleep duration in middle-aged and older adults with cardiovascular disease(CVD), also the first study to explore the association between physical activity and afternoon napduration in CVD patients
Methods
The study population came from the national crosssectional survey of the the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018. The physical activity were divided into light, moderate and vigorous physical activity. The afternoon nap duration was divided into 0min, 0-60min, > 60min. The night duration was divided into < 7 hours, 7–8 hours, > 8 hours. Multi-level logistic regression analysis were used for exploring the related association.
Results
A total of 8913 middle-aged and older adults with CVD were included in this study. The proportion of < 7h, 7-8h and > 8h night sleep duration groups was 58.91%, 31.24% and 9.86%. The proportion of 0min, 0-60min and > 60min afternoon nap duration groups was 35.79%, 43.86% and 20.35%. In the part of night sleep duration, the intensity of light and moderate physical activity might make the night sleep duration of the study population tend to be normal (7-8h) (P < 0.05). In the part of afternoon nap duration, compared with that of the group without afternoon nap, we found that light and moderate physical activity could make the study population more likely to take a 0-60min afternoon nap (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The middle-aged and older adults with CVD continued to have light and moderate physical activity, which might be beneficial to sleep at afternoon or at night.
Prevalence of isolated iliac aneurysm in patients with acute aortic dissection: a five-year clinical retrospective study
Authors: Li Xinyang , Liu Chong , Wang Hengzhen , Wang Chuanjiang , Chen Renzhi , Hu Haidi 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background The relationship between isolated iliac aneurysms (IIAs) and acute aortic dissection (AAD) is uncertain. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IIAs in patients with AAD and evaluate the independent risk factors for the presence of IIAs in them. Methods The aortic dissection group comprised seven patients with confirmed AAD and IIAs (AAD + IIA group) who had undergone computed tomography angiography (CTA). The control group comprised 597 patients with confirmed AAD without IIAs (AAD group). Basic clinical information of patients included in this study were completely obtained. Two readers reviewed all CTA scans independently to assess the data of the IIAs. Baseline characteristics were compared between the aortic dissection group and the control group using propensity score matching, and logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for the presence of IIAs. Results The average patient age was 67.57 ± 10.13 years in the AAD + IIA group and 52.09 ± 12.06 years in the AAD group (P = 0.002). The proportion of smokers was respectively 85.7% and 39.6% in the AAD group and AAD + IIA group (P = 0.037). In the control group, no difference in age was observed between the dissections from the aorta to the iliac artery (n = 251 [42%]; 51.08 ± 11.35 years) and those limited to the aortic region (n = 346 [58%]; 52.82 ± 12.51 years) (P = 0.055). Multivariate analysis revealed age as an independent risk factor for the presence of IIAs (odds ratio, 1.144; 95% confidence interval, 1.059–1.235; P = 0.001). Similarly, smoking was an independent risk factor for the presence of IIAs (odds ratio, 14.601; 95% confidence interval, 1.601–129.073; P = 0.016). Conclusions The prevalence of IIA in AAD was 1.2%. Age and smoking can increase the prevalence of IIAs in patients with AAD. Further prospective studies are warranted to demonstrate the substantial prevalence of IIAs in the AAD population.
Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (CBI-SS) in a Nigerian Context: Evaluating its Factor Structure, Reliability and Validity Among Faculty of Arts Students of Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Authors: Oluwadiya Kehinde Sunday , Owoeye Omolara Kikelomo , Adeoti Adekunle Olatayo 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background: The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (CBI-SS) has shown promising psychometric properties in diverse student populations. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Nigerian version of the CBI-SS.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 635 students from Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was utilized to assess the CBI-SS validity.
Results: The reliability score of the CBI-SS was 0.957, ranging from 0.862-0.914 for the subscales. Correlation coefficients among the four CBI-SS factors ranged from 0.507 to 0.713. The CFA indicated an adequate goodness-of-fit for the four-factor model of the CBI-SS with the sample data. However, Item 10 was removed due to unacceptably low AVE score. The four factors demonstrated a negative correlation with both GASE Scale and CGPA. Furthermore, both self-reported burnout and perceived course stress showed associations with the CBI-SS, where lower levels of burnout corresponded with lower median scores on the CBI-SS scales.
Conclusion: This study underscores the significance of the CBI-SS in evaluating student burnout within our student population. The findings indicate that the CBI-SS is a highly reliable and valid instrument for assessing student burnout, suggesting its potential for effective utilization in the Nigerian academic context.
Pooling of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from different Donors demonstrate Distinctive Advantage than Single Donor MSCs
Authors: Kannan Suresh , S Gokul Krishna , Gupta Pawan Kumar , Kolkundkar Uday Kumar 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from adult bone marrow is most commonly used cells in clinical trials. MSCs from single donors are the preferred starting material but suffer from a major setback of being heterogeneous among donors that results in an unpredictable and inconsistent clinical outcomes. To overcome this, we developed a method of pooling MSCs from different donors and created cell banks to cater clinical needs. Initially, the master cells banks (MCBs) were created at passage 1 (P1) from the bone marrow MSCs isolated from of nine different donors. At this stage, MCBs from three different donors were mixed in equal proportion and expanded till P3 to create working cell banks (WCBs). Further, the pooled cells and individual donor MSCs were expanded till P5 and cryopreserved and were extensively characterised. The results showed that there was a huge heterogeneity among the individual donor MSCs in terms of growth kinetics, immunosuppressive ability and the level of angiogenic factors secretion potential. Comparatively, the pooled cells have more stable profiles and exhibit better immunosuppressive ability and consistent secretion of angiogenic factors. Further pooling doesn’t compromise the trilineage differentiation capacity or phenotypic marker expression of the MSCs. The senescence and in vitro tumourigenicity characteristics of the pooled cells are also similar to that of individual donor MSCs. We conclude that Pooling of MSCs from three different donors reduces heterogeneity among individual donors and produce MSCs with a consistent secretion and higher immunosuppressive profiles.
LRA0401/ LRB0402 protocols for newly diagnosed patients with low-risk embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma based on the central pathological review system: The first report from the Japan Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group
Authors: Hosoi Hajime , Hojo Hiroshi , Miyachi Mitsuru , Okita Hajime , Hata Jun-Ichi , Yokota Isao , Teramukai Satoshi , Sakabayashi Satomi , Kato Miho , Takimoto Tetsuya , Tsuchiya Kunihiko , Kuwahara Yasumichi , Onodera Rie , Matsuyama Kotone , Hamasaki Minori , Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Oda Yoshinao , Nakazawa Atsuko , Horibe Keizo , Hara Jun-Ichi , Suita Sachiyo , Hanada Ryoji , Masaki Hidekazu , Nozaki Miwako , Ikeda Hitoshi , Kishimoto Seiji , Kaneko Michio , Kawai Akira , Morikawa Yasuhide 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Background
A retrospective study of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma patients treated between 1991 and 2002 in Japan revealed that among the two major subtypes, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), was more prevalent than alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), differing from a United States (US)-based report. Moreover, the survival rate of low-risk ERMS was worse in Japan than in the US. We hypothesized that some patients with ARMS having a poorer prognosis were misdiagnosed and undertreated in Japan. We explored this hypothesis using a nationwide group study, by risk-adopted therapy based upon a central pathological review system to improve the prognosis of patients with “low-risk” rhabdomyosarcoma in Japan.
Methods
Using the first nationwide Japan Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group established in 2004, we classified patients into low-risk subgroup A, including ERMS with orbital, grossly resectable, favorable site, and small unfavorable site tumors, who were eligible for JRS-I LRA0401; and low-risk subgroup B, including ERMS with residual, favorable site and grossly resectable, large, unfavorable site tumors, eligible for JRS-I LRB0402.
Results
ERMS cases decreased from 78–51% before and after the central pathological review. Fusion genes were not detected in ERMS. The overall survival rate was significantly better (p = 0.0015) in ERMS (84.8 ± 4.0%) than in ARMS (57.7 ± 6.1%). The 3-year overall survival rates of low-risk patients in subgroups A and B improved from 86–100% and from 81–94%, respectively.
Conclusion
By implementing a central pathological review system in Japan and adopting fusion gene analyses for diagnosis, the number of patients with ERMS decreased and their outcomes improved significantly.
Enhancing Drought Resilience in Calligonum mongolicum through Nitrogen-Mediated Amelioration of Metabolic Stress: A Comprehensive Exploration of Phytohormones, Sugar Metabolism and Antioxidants Responses
Authors: Ullah Abd , Tariq Akash , Zeng Fanjiang , Noor Javaria , Asghar Muhammad Ahsan , Sardans Jordi , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Groundwater resources sustain phreatophytes in arid ecosystems. Nevertheless, how phreatophyte seedlings respond to topsoil water and nutrients before reaching groundwater remains elusive. This study unraveled the effects of three irrigation levels (well-watered, medium-drought, and severe-drought) and N-fertilization on multiple physio-biochemical responses in Calligonum mongolicum seedlings. Drought-stressed seedlings significantly enhanced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and oxidized ascorbate-glutathione in shoots and roots, leading to impaired chlorophyll pigments, water status, and biomass, compared to control. They displayed higher abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and strigolactones but reduced indole acetic acid (IAA), cytokinin (CTKs), and zeatin riboside (ZR) in shoots and roots, and gibberellic acid (GA) and brassinosteroids (BR) in shoots. Lower starch and higher fructose, glucose, and sucrose, are possibly due to dynamic changes in carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. Further, significantly upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in shoots, while glutathione-peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase observed in shoots and roots under either stress. Lower SOD and APX in roots; PPO in shoots while other enzymes of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in shoots and roots following either stress, suggesting the sensitivity of the anti-oxidant mechanism. Conversely, N-addition enhanced the productivity of drought-stressed seedlings by improving their chlorophyll pigments, and endogenous hormones (IAA, GA, CTK, BR, and ZR), which may account for their better growth. Moreover, upregulated O2•−-H2O2-scavenging mechanism, and soluble sugar, resulting in better status and biomass. Hence, N-supplementation could be an effective strategy to enhance drought-resistance in Calligonum seedlings to restore their communities in hyper-arid conditions under future climate change.
Development and characterization of nano line width based on the fusion of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Shi Yushu , Wang Fang , Zhang Shu , Deng Xiao , Cheng Xinbin 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The nano line width is the critical dimension of integrated circuits. With the continuous reduction of key technology nodes, integrated circuits have created higher requirements for line width reference materials and their accurate measurement. We developed 7 nm, 22 nm, and 45 nm line width reference materials based on the multilayer deposition technique. Their line features were characterized according to the proposed fusion method. This method combines the advantages of both high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), not only reducing the influence of boundary effects on the accuracy of line width measurement in SEM, but also disseminating the destructive HRTEM results. Moreover, the measurement results trace to the International System of Units (SI) meter definition using the silicon lattice constant built-in the line width. Experimental results illustrated that the measurement accuracy of the proposed method was improved by 40% compared with SEM alone, which meets the accuracy requirements for line width measurement in integrated circuits.