bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavelet Analysis and Forecasting using Open-Access Lumber Market Indices for Assessing the Impact of Hurricanes on Southern US Stumpage Prices
Authors: Hernandez-Diaz Javier A. , Musah Munkaila , Morgan Tyler R. , Richey Robert Glenn , Maggard Adam O. , Via Brian , Peresin Maria S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the aftermath of events such as hurricanes, the economic impact of downed timber can reach billions of dollars. Accurate forecasting of stumpage prices after such events is crucial for maximizing recovery value while minimizing salvage costs. However, this poses challenges because of the inherent nature of the data. This study addresses these challenges by exploring the application of wavelet analysis, a novel approach in the field of forestry economic analysis. Wavelet analysis offers a unique framework for studying periodic phenomena in time series data, particularly when frequency changes over time are present. By leveraging wavelet analysis, this study uncovers relationships between timber market indices and hurricane seasons. The combination of traditional correlation analysis and wavelet coherence analysis enhances the statistical analysis in this study, offering a comprehensive examination of the relationship between the Timber Market Survey data and market indices. This innovative analytical approach enables a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the timber market and the potential effects of hurricanes on timber prices. Furthermore, this research highlights the recent advancements in wavelet methodology and the availability of open-source packages in the programming language R, such as WaveletComp and WaveletArima, that facilitate wavelet analysis and time series forecasting. The Wavelet-ARIMA model used in this study demonstrates its effectiveness in reducing noise and improving prediction accuracy. The study incorporates an extensive data set consisting of 10 Consumer Price Indices, 7 Producer Price Indices, 30 state-wide Timber Market Survey indices, 54 TMS subregions, and 6 open market series.
Gaussian to flat-top beam shaping in an off-axis reflective scenario by a millimeter-wave metasurface
Authors: Imanbeygi Ehsan , Ahmadi-Boroujeni Mehdi 
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we present a metallic reflectarray for shaping the emitted Gaussian beam of a 100 GHz horn antenna in reflective and off-axis mode. The proposed reflectarray is a compact planar surface consisting of a 2D array of unit cells with a thin Rogers 5880 substrate. This reflectarray offers advantages over other beam shapers in millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging, as it generates a flat-top beam in off-axis reflective mode and is straightforward to fabricate. To conduct a feasibility study, we first introduce the 1D reflectarray. The phase profile of the 1D reflectarray is a linear combination of a beam shaping phase profile based on geometrical optics (GO) and a compensating phase profile. The design of the 1D reflectarray involves tailoring the dimensions of the unit cells in one direction. We calculate the scattered field from the 1D reflectarray using the finite element method (FEM) and then determine the generated beam using the Fresnel diffraction integral. Subsequently, we design the 2D reflectarray following the same approach by using a 2D version of the proposed phase profile. The full-wave simulation is employed to calculate the generated beam at a certain distance from the reflectarray. The results reveal the successful generation of a high-quality flat-top beam, showcasing the proposed reflectarray as an evolutionary solution among beam shapers.
Investigations of a 1018  nm gain-switched Yb-doped fiber oscillator
Authors: Shi Xinlei , Liu Hang , Peng Wanjing , Yu Ankang , Wang Yanshan , Feng Yujun , Sun Yinhong , Ma Yi , Gao Qingsong 
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we investigate a 1018 nm gain-switched ytterbium-doped fiber oscillator at a low repetition rate in terms of theory and experiment. Theoretically, a numerical model applicable to a 1018 nm gain-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser was established. The influence of the pump peak power and active fiber lengths on the 1018 nm gain-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser was numerically simulated. Experimentally, a compact 1018 nm all-fiber-structured pulsed laser oscillator is constructed, in which a pulse width of 110 ns and a single-pulse energy of 0.1 mJ were obtained. Moreover, the experimental results are in agreement with the numerical simulation ones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that gain-switching technology has been applied to 1018 nm fiber lasers to generate nanosecond pulsed lasers. The model and experimental results can provide a reference for the engineering design of the same type of low repetition rate fiber lasers below the kilohertz level.
Ultra-fast and compact optical Galois field adder based on the LPhC structure and phase shift keying
Authors: Askarian Asghar , Parandin Fariborz , Bagheri Nila , Velez Fernando J. 
Published: February 2024

In this study, we propose a novel, to the best
of our knowledge, all-optical Galois field (AOGF) adder that utilizes
logic all-optical XOR gates. The design is founded on optical beams’
constructive and destructive interference phenomenon and incorporates
the phase shift keying technique within a two-dimensional linear
photonic crystal (2D-LPhC) structure. The suggested AOGF adder
comprises eight input ports and four output ports. We employ the
finite difference time domain (FDTD) procedure to obtain the electric
field distribution in this structure. The FDTD simulation results of
the proposed AOGF adder demonstrate that the minimum and maximum
values of the normalized power at ON and OFF states (P1,min, P0,max) for the output ports are 95% and
1.7%, respectively. Additionally, we obtain different functional
parameters, including the ON–OFF contrast ratio, rise time, fall time,
and total footprint, which are measured at 17.47 dB,
0.1 ps, 0.05 ps, and 147µm2, respectively.
The efficacy and safety of immune-checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kang Jing , Zhang Jun , Tian Zongsheng , Xu Ye , Li Jiangbi , Li Mingxian 
Published: February 2024

Background
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) combined with chemotherapy are emerging as an effective first-line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, reports on the magnitude of effectiveness and safety are conflicting.

Methods
Relevant articles published before February 2022 were searched in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The study included all randomized controlled trials that evaluated ICIs with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC. Among the outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).

Results
Our meta-analysis included a total of 12 studies. Overall analysis indicated that ICIs plus chemotherapy could significantly improve OS (HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.74–0.84; I2 = 44.4%, P = 0.055), PFS (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.59–0.67; I2 = 75.3%, P = 0.000), and ORR (RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.27–1.73; I2 = 79.0%, P = 0.000) when compared to chemotherapy treatments. Subgroup analysis showed that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR when compared with chemotherapy with decreased grade 1–2 TRAEs. In addition, female patients with nonsquamous histology might receive more OS benefit from ICIs plus chemotherapy when compared to chemotherapy alone. Despite the fact that CTLA-4 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy increased PFS, there were no benefits gained in OS nor ORR. When PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibitors were added to chemotherapy, the risk of grade 3–5 adverse events increased whereas PD-1 inhibitors did not.

Conclusions
ICIs plus chemotherapy, compared with chemotherapy, were associated with significantly improved PFS, ORR, and OS in NSCLC therapy. However, PD-L1/CTLA-4 inhibitors plus chemotherapy could increase the risk of grade 3–5 adverse events, but not PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy.
A retrospective analysis of malaria deaths in the pre- and intra- COVID 19 pandemic era, Ghana, 2016–2021
Authors: Malm Keziah L. , Peprah Nana Yaw , Mohammed Wahjib , Adomako Boakye-Yiadom , Oppong Samuel , Boateng Paul , Adu George Asumah , Dadzie Dora , Adza Grace , Forson Ivy , Frimpong James 
Published: February 2024

Background
Global efforts over the years have resulted in a 27% reduction in malaria incidence and an estimated 51% reduction in malaria mortality since 2000. Meanwhile, COVID-19 pandemic disrupted provision and utilization of malaria services, leading to a surge in malaria incidence and mortality. Globally, 627000 malaria deaths were recorded in 2020, representing about 69000 more deaths compared to 2019. Also, 14 million more cases of malaria were recorded in 2020 compared to 2019. This study sought to determine whether excess malaria deaths were recorded in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Methods
This was a descriptive study on routine malaria mortality data in Ghana for the period 2016 to 2021. Data was retrieved from the District Health Information Management System using a data extraction guide. Excess mortality was defined as occurrence of malaria deaths more than expected value for the period 2020 and 2021. The expected number of mortalities for 2020 and 2021 were determined using 2016 to 2019 average. Excess mortality (P-score) was estimated using the formula: [(reported mortalities–expected mortalities)/expected mortalities X 100%]. Data were summarized and processed in Microsoft excel version 16.0. Malaria mortality in Ghana and its regions was described using tables and line graphs.

Results
An average of 535 malaria deaths per year were recorded nationwide from 2016 to 2020. About 50% (1603/3207) of deaths occurred in children aged less than five years. The p-scores for the country were -53% and -58% for 2020 and 2021 respectively. No region recorded excess all-age malaria mortality in 2020, rather significant reduction. Stratified by age, Greater Accra region reported 90% higher than expected deaths among persons aged five years and above in 2020 (p-score = 90%, 95% CI: 21–159). All regions reported reduction in under-five mortality in 2020. No significant excess malaria mortalities were reported among the regions in 2021.

Conclusion
Although negative p-scores suggested a decline in malaria mortalities nationwide, some regions recorded excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic era. There is a need to integrate COVID-19 control activities with malaria control and prevention efforts to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on malaria case management and mortality.
Factors predicting the visual outcome of intracorneal ring segment for keratoconus
Authors: Khanthik Apisit , Kasetsuwan Ngamjit , Yaisawang Sasi , Reinprayoon Usanee , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Satitpitakul Vannarut 
Published: February 2024

Objectives
To identify predictive factors and to construct predictive models using epidemiological and clinical preoperative factors for the visual acuity change after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation in patients with keratoconus.

Methods
The medical records of 287 keratoconic eyes of 230 patients implanted with ICRS at Chula Refractive Surgery Center of a tertiary university hospital (Bangkok, Thailand) between January 2012 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed for epidemiological and clinical preoperative variables, including those derived from Scheimpflug tomography. After randomly excluding one eye for each bilateral case, the remaining 230 eyes were randomized into two groups: a training group (184 eyes) and a validation group (46 eyes). In the training group, the correlation between the interesting variables and postoperative uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity change (ΔUDVA and ΔCDVA; logMAR scale) at 6 months was explored, and then the multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop the predictive models. The obtained models were tested using the validation group.

Results
There were 5 and 14 preoperative variables that statistically correlated with ΔUDVA and ΔCDVA respectively. Only the preoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVAp) strongly correlated with ΔCDVA (Beta = -0.746). Using multiple regression, the preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVAp) and front mean keratometry were selected in the proposed model for ΔUDVA (adjusted R2 = 38.8%), while the CDVAp and index of surface variance (ISV) were selected in the model ΔCDVA=−0.043−0.613×CDVAp+0.002×ISV (adjusted R2 = 48.9%). The ΔUDVA and ΔCDVA models were correct in 47.83% and 63.4% of the validation group within 0.20 logMAR, respectively.

Conclusions
Potential predictive factors and models for ICRS-induced changes in visual acuity are proposed as adjunctive tools for clinicians. Such tools could be used for case selection and during counselling before ICRS implantation to maximize surgical outcomes.
Low serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor may predict poor response to cardiac rehabilitation in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Tsukada Yuya , Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Kishimoto Michiya , Nago Takeshi , Harada Haruhito , Niiyama Hiroshi , Katoh Atsushi , Matsuse Hiroo , Kai Hisashi 
Published: February 2024

Background
It has been shown that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with skeletal muscle energy metabolism and that BDNF is a predictor of mortality in heart failure patients. However, little is known about the relationship between BDNF and cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Therefore, this study retrospectively investigated the effects of baseline serum BDNF levels on the CR-induced exercise capacity improvement in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods
We assigned 99 CVD patients (mean age 71±12 years, male = 60) to Low, Middle, and High groups based on the tertiles of baseline BDNF levels. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was done using supervised bicycle ergometer twice before and after 3 weeks of CR. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) followed by post-hoc analysis using Tukey’s HSD test was conducted to assess the multivariate associations between baseline BDNF levels categorized by BDNF tertiles (as independent variable) and %increases in AT and peak VO2 after 3-week CR (as dependent variables) after adjustment for age and gender (as covariates), as a main statistical analysis of the present study.

Results
The higher the baseline BDNF levels, the better nutritional status evaluated by the CONUT score (p<0.0001). Baseline anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) were similar among the three groups. ANCOVA followed by post-hoc analysis revealed that age- and gender-adjusted %increases in peak VO2 after 3-week CR were positively associated with baseline BDNF levels (p = 0.0239) and Low BDNF group showed significantly lower %increase in peak VO2 than High BDNF group (p = 0.0197). Significant association was not found between baseline BDNF and %increase in AT (p = 0.1379).

Conclusions
Low baseline BDNF levels were associated with malnutrition in CVD patients. A positive association between baseline BDNF levels and CR-induced increases in peak VO2 was found. It was suggested that CVD patients with low baseline BDNF levels may be poor responders to CR.
A MULTICENTER LONG-TERM COHORT STUDY OF EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS VARIANTS AND THEIR PROGRESSION TO EOE OVER TIME
Authors: Greuter Thomas , Straumann Alex , Fernandez-Marrero Yuniel , Germic Nina , Hosseini Aref , Chanwangpong Apinya , Yousefi Shida , Simon Dagmar , Collins Margaret H. , Bussmann Christian , Chehade Mirna , Dellon Evan S. , Furuta Glenn T. , Gonsalves Nirmala , Hirano Ikuo , Moawad Fouad J. , Biedermann Luc , Safroneeva Ekaterina , Schoepfer Alain M. , Simon Hans-Uwe 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) variants have been recently characterized as conditions with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction resembling EoE, but absence of significant esophageal eosinophilia. Their disease course and severity have yet to be determined.

METHODS:
Patients from six EoE-centers with symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, but peak eosinophil counts of <15/hpf in esophageal biopsies and absence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease with at least one follow-up visit were included. Clinical, (immuno)-histological and molecular features were determined and compared with EoE and healthy controls.

RESULTS:
We included 54 patients with EoE variants (EoE-like esophagitis 53.7%; lymphocytic esophagitis 13.0%; non-specific esophagitis 33.3%). In 8 EoE-like esophagitis patients, EoE developed after a median of 14 months (IQR 3.6-37.6). Such progression increased over time (17.6% year 1, 32.0% year 3, 62.2% year 6). Sequential RNA sequencing analyses revealed only seven genes associated with this progression (with TSG6 and ALOX15 among the top three upregulated genes) with upregulation of a previously attenuated Th2 pathway. Immunostaining confirmed the involvement of eosinophil-associated proteins (TSG6, ALOX15) and revealed a significantly increased number of GATA3-positive cells during progression indicating a Th1/Th2 switch. Transition from one EoE variant (baseline) to another variant (during follow-up) was seen in 35.2% (median observation time of 17.3 months).

Conclusion:
Transition of EoE variants to EoE suggests the presence of a disease spectrum. Few genes appear to be associated with the progression to EoE with upregulation of a previously attenuated Th2 signal. These genes, including GATA3 as a Th1/Th2 switch regulator, may represent potential therapeutic targets in early disease pathogenesis.
Distribusi Barium Terlarut pada Estuari dan Laut Padelegan Kecamatan Pademawu, Kabupaten Pamekasan
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhamad Aziz , Pratiwi Wiwit Sri Werdi , Kartika Ary Giri Dwi , Indriyawati Novi , Efendi Makhfud 
Published: February 2024

Barium (Ba) merupakan salah satu elemen minor di perairan laut yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi apabila dimanfaatkan sebagai produk garam turunan. Sumber utama Ba terlarut berasal dari sungai, dan estuari menjalankan peran penting sebagai pengontrol fluktuasi kadar Ba terlarut pada sungai sebelum masuk ke laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar Ba terlarut, distribusi Ba terlarut dan korelasi Ba terlarut dengan salinitas. Kadar Ba terlarut diketahui dari hasil pengujian sampel air laut yang diambil di 9 titik mulai dari daerah estuari hingga laut lepas. Pengujian kadar Ba terlarut menggunakan metode Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry sesuai SNI 06-6989.39-2005. Kadar Ba terlarut di Perairan Padelegan berkisar antara 0,009-0,003 mg/L. Hasil visualisasi distribusi kadar Ba terlarut tertinggi berada di estuari dan kadar terendahnya berada di stasiun laut lepas. Distribusi Ba terlarut dari estuari hingga laut lepas menunjukkan kadar yang menurun secara bertahap. Hasil korelasi antara kadar barium terlarut dengan salinitas berbanding lurus yang disebabkan oleh intrusi air laut. Barium (Ba) is a minor element in marine waters which has high economic value when used as a derivative salt product. The main source of dissolved Ba comes from rivers, and estuaries play an important role as controlling fluctuations in dissolved Ba levels in rivers before they enter the sea. This research aims to determine dissolved Ba levels, dissolved Ba distribution and the correlation of dissolved Ba with salinity. Dissolved Ba levels are known from the results of testing seawater samples taken at 9 points from the estuary area to the open sea. Dissolved Ba levels were tested using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry based on SNI SNI 06-6989.39-2005. Dissolved Ba levels in Padelegan Water range between 0,009-0,003 mg/L. Visualization results of the distribution of the highest dissolved Ba levels are in estuaries and the lowest levels are at open sea. The distribution of dissolved Ba from the estuary to the open sea shows gradually decreasing levels. Correlation results between dissolved barium levels and directly proportional salinity caused by seawater intrusion.
Recalibration of the Intensity Prediction Equation in Italy Using the Macroseismic Dataset DBMI15 Version 2.0
Authors: Lolli Barbara , Gasperini Paolo , Vannucci Gianfranco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We recompute the coefficients of the intensity prediction equation (IPE) in Italy using the data of the DBMI15 version 2.0 (v.2.0) intensity database and the instrumental and combined (instrumental plus macroseismic) magnitudes reported by the CPTI15 v.2.0 catalog. We follow the same procedure described in the previous article, consisting of a first step in which the attenuation of intensity I with respect to the distance D from macroseismic hypocenter is referred to the expected intensity at the epicenter IE and a second step in which IE is related to the instrumental magnitude Mi, the combined magnitude Mc, the epicentral intensity I0, and the maximum intensity Imax using error-in-variable (EIV) regression methods. The main methodological difference with respect to the original article concerns the estimation of the uncertainty of IE to be used for EIV regressions, which is empirically derived from the standard deviation of regression between IE and Mi and also used for the regressions of IE with Mc, I0, and Imax. In summary, the new IPE determined from DBMI15 v.2.0 is I=IE−0.0081(D−h)−1.072[ln(D)−ln(h)], in which D=R2+h2, h = 4.49 km, and IE can be calculated from the intensity data distribution of the earthquake. If the intensity data distribution is not available, IE can be calculated from the following relationships IE=−2.578+1.867Mw, IE=I0.
EDUKASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI, KREATIFITAS DAN INOVASI PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI (KWT) MAWAR KOTA BANJARBARU
Authors: Tino Kemal Fattah  , Putriana Salman  , Muhammad Syahid Pebriadi  
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK: Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk memberikan edukasi kepada anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Mawar tentang kewirausahaan guna meningkatkan motivasi, kreatifitas dan Inovasi. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan yaitu pemberian materi dan diskusi, tanya jawab. Adapun hasil yang sudah dicapai dalam kegiatan edukasi ini yaitu materi disampaikan oleh narasumber yang meliputi tentang pentingnya berwirausaha, motivasi berwirausaha, kreatifitas dan inovasi produk. Peserta juga diberikan kesempatan untuk melakukan diskusi dan tanya jawab dengan narasumber. Luaran yang diperoleh dalam kegiatan ini yaitu para peserta mendapatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan baru tentang bagaimana mengembangkan usahanya, yaitu dengan meningkatkan kreatifitas dan inovasi. Kreatifitas dan inovasi produk dapat menambah nilai jual produk, sehingga pendapatan keluarga ikut meningkat pula. .
Kata kunci : Kewirausahaan, Motivasi, Kreatifitas, Inovasi, KWT Mawar

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this community service is to provide education to members of the Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Mawar about entrepreneurship in order to increase motivation, creativity, and innovation. The implementation method used are the provision of material and discussion, question and answer. The results that have been achieved in this activity are material delivered by speakers which include the importance of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial motivation, creativity and product innovation. Participants were also given the opportunity to hold discussions and ask questions with the speakers.The output obtained in this activity is that the participants gain new knowledge and insights about how to develop their business, namely by increasing creativity and innovation. Creativity and product innovation can add to the selling value of products, so that family income also increases.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Motivation, Creatifity, Innovation, KWT Mawar