bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trapped in Ceuta: Reflexive tactics and methods in Participatory Filmmaking among cross-border women
Authors: Gutiérrez Torres Irene 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Recent scholarship has promoted reflexivity in migration research using visual participatory methods. However, the perspectives of cross-border workers living as undocumented migrants in borderlands have been understudied using these methods. Adopting a reflexive approach to Participatory Filmmaking (PF), this article critically engages with the co-production of knowledge amongst thirteen Moroccan cross-border women living and working irregularly as domestic workers in the Spanish city of Ceuta, North Africa. Empirically grounded in a 3-month PF workshop conducted during the closure of the Moroccan–Spanish border following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, it explores the application of specific methods and tactics of data collection and analysis based on researchers’ and participants’ reflexivity to reveal some of the local colonial legacies that emerge when approaching this methodology from a Eurocentric gaze. To this end, I first established an ongoing, transparent dialogue aimed at unlearning, from the participants’ perspective, how to critically interrogate each facet of PF’s data collection and analysis. In this endeavour, decisions about the rationale for recruitment, practices, visuals, and technologies employed, participation, consent, and canons of technology and representation were negotiated to produce reflexive autoethnographies while avoiding exposure. Secondly, I consider specific reflexive tactics and methods of co-analysing data with participants to challenge specific categorizations while embracing decolonial feminist views. In doing so, I argue for a more reflexive approach to PF to redress existing power inequalities at the intersection of technology, representation, and voice at the heart of borderlands. It can be achieved by transforming methodological analysis into decolonial action and response.
On odd radio circles as supernova remnants: possible distances, ages, and ambient environments
Authors: Sarbadhicary Sumit K , Thompson Todd A , Lopez Laura A , Mathur Smita 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The origin of arcmin-sized odd radio circles (ORCs) found in modern all-sky radio surveys remains uncertain, with explanations ranging from starburst/active galactic nucleus-driven shocks to supernova remnants (SNRs) in the low-density ambient medium. Using well-calibrated radio light-curve models, we assess the possibility that ORCs are radio SNRs in low ambient densities. Our models imply that if ORCs 1–5 are SNRs, they must be within 200–350 kpc from the Sun, given their observed flux densities and sizes. To be evolving in the circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way, our models imply ORCs 1–5 to be ejecta-dominated SNRs within 50 kpc, evolving in ambient densities of (0.2–1.2) × 10−3 cm−3. However, this is statistically unlikely because ORCs 1–5 would have ages &lt;640 yr, much smaller than their expected lifetimes of ≳105 yr at these densities. Additionally, the low SN rate implies only a few SNRs within 50 kpc. On the other hand, the circumgalactic medium SNR scenario for J0624−6948 is more likely (although still low probability) compared to ORCs 1–5, as our models allow J0624−6948 to be ≲3000 yr. The interpretation of J0624−6948 as a Sedov–Taylor SNR in the Large Magellanic Cloud is also possible for a wide range of ambient densities (6 × 10−4 to 0.5 cm−3), consistent with the local H i environment, and ages ∼(0.2–2.6) × 104 yr. Our work implies that while some ORCs may be SNRs, others are more likely large-scale shocks in distant galaxies.
Towards accurate field-level inference of massive cosmic structures
Authors: Stopyra Stephen , Peiris Hiranya V , Pontzen Andrew , Jasche Jens , Lavaux Guilhem 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the accuracy requirements for field-level inference of cluster and void masses using data from galaxy surveys. We introduce a two-step framework that takes advantage of the fact that cluster masses are determined by flows on larger scales than the clusters themselves. First, we determine the integration accuracy required to perform field-level inference of cosmic initial conditions on these large scales by fitting to late-time galaxy counts using the Bayesian Origin Reconstruction from Galaxies (BORG) algorithm. A 20-step COLA integrator is able to accurately describe the density field surrounding the most massive clusters in the local super-volume ($\lt 135\, {h^{-1}\mathrm{\, Mpc}}$), but does not by itself lead to converged virial mass estimates. Therefore, we carry out ‘posterior resimulations’, using full N-body dynamics while sampling from the inferred initial conditions, and thereby obtain estimates of masses for nearby massive clusters. We show that these are in broad agreement with existing estimates, and find that mass functions in the local super-volume are compatible with ΛCDM.
How many stars form in galaxy mergers?
Authors: Reeves Andrew M M , Hudson Michael J 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We forward model the difference in stellar age between post-coalescence mergers and a control sample with the same stellar mass, environmental density, and redshift. In particular, we use a pure sample of 445 post-coalescence mergers from the recent visually confirmed post-coalescence merger sample identified by Bickley et al. and find that post-coalescence mergers are on average younger than control galaxies for 10 &lt; log (M⋆/M⊙) &lt; 11. The difference in age from matched controls is up to 1.5 Gyr, highest for lower stellar mass galaxies. We forward model this difference using parametric star formation histories, accounting for the pre-coalescence inspiral phase of enhanced star formation using close pair data, and a final additive burst of star formation at coalescence. We find a best-fitting stellar mass burst fraction of fburst = ΔM⋆/M⋆, merger = 0.18 ± 0.02 for 10 &lt; log (M⋆/M⊙) &lt; 11 galaxies, with no evidence of a trend in stellar mass. The modelled burst fraction is robust to choice of parametric star formation history, as well as differences in burst duration. The result appears consistent with some prior observationally derived values, but is significantly higher than that found in hydrodynamical simulations. Using published luminous infrared galaxy star formation rates, we find a burst duration increasing with stellar mass, from 120 to 250 Myr. A comparison to published cold gas measurements indicates there is enough molecular gas available in very close pairs to fuel the burst. Additionally, given our stellar mass burst estimate, the predicted cold gas fraction remaining after the burst is consistent with observed post-coalescence mergers.
MaNGA DynPop – IV. Stacked total density profile of galaxy groups and clusters from combining dynamical models of integral-field stellar kinematics and galaxy–galaxy lensing
Authors: Wang Chunxiang , Li Ran , Zhu Kai , Shan Huanyuan , Xu Weiwei , Cappellari Michele , Gao Liang , Li Nan , Lu Shengdong , Mao Shude , Yao Ji , Xie Yushan 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the measurement of total and stellar/dark matter decomposed mass density profile around a sample of galaxy groups and clusters with dynamical masses derived from integral-field stellar kinematics from the MaNGA survey in Paper I and weak lensing derived from the DECaLS imaging survey. Combining the two data sets enables accurate measurement of the radial density distribution from several kpc to Mpc scales. Intriguingly, we find that the excess surface density derived from stellar kinematics in the inner region cannot be explained by simply adding an NFW dark matter halo extrapolated from lensing measurement at a larger scale to a stellar mass component derived from the NASA-Sloan Atlas (NSA) catalogue. We find that a good fit to both data sets requires a stellar mass normalization about three times higher than that derived from the NSA catalogue, which would require an unrealistically too-heavy initial mass function for stellar mass estimation. If we keep the stellar mass normalization to that of the NSA catalogue but allow a varying inner dark matter density profile, we obtain an asymptotic slope of γgnfw = $1.82_{-0.25}^{+0.15}$ and γgnfw = $1.48_{-0.41}^{+0.20}$ for the group bin and the cluster bin, respectively, significantly steeper than the NFW case. We also compare the total mass inner density slopes with those from TNG300 and find that the values from the simulation are lower than the observation by about 2σ level.
Dense gas properties around the centre of the Circinus galaxy
Authors: Li Fei , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Wang Junzhi , Luo Gan , Lin Lingrui , Zhou Jing 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
Studies of spatial distribution, kinematics, and physical structure of dense molecular gas in the centres of galaxies is crucial in understanding the nature of physical processes, especially those related to active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and starbursts, in the vicinity of central massive black holes. However, our current understanding of dense gas in the circumnuclear discs (CND) remains limited, particularly those around AGNs. Here-, we report high-resolution deep observations of the CS (3−2), HC3N (15−14), H2CO (2−1), CH3CCN (8−7), CO (1−0), and (3−2) lines, toward the central region (R ∼ 0.4 kpc) of the nearest Seyfert-2 galaxy, the Circinus galaxy, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The dense molecular gas traced by CS (3−2) and HC3N (15−14) exhibit an asymmetric and cloud structure, which is in sharp contrast against the symmetric low-density structure traced by CO (1−0). Four molecular cloud structures surrounding the AGN, which have a typical size of ∼ 20 pc, are detected with the optically thin HC3N (15−14) line. HC3N (15−14)/CO (1−0) line ratio in the CND is found to be higher than that in the nuclear region, indicating that the bulk of dense gas accumulates in the CND, instead of the nucleus. HC3N (15−14) line and optically thick tracers in four molecular clouds, provide a good comparison between density layers and show evidence for a density stratification of the CND.
Single-molecule FRET observes opposing effects of urea and TMAO on structurally similar meso- and thermophilic riboswitch RNAs
Authors: Hou Qian , Chatterjee Surajit , Lund Paul E , Suddala Krishna C , Walter Nils G 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Bacteria live in a broad range of environmental temperatures that require adaptations of their RNA sequences to maintain function. Riboswitches are regulatory RNAs that change conformation upon typically binding metabolite ligands to control bacterial gene expression. The paradigmatic small class-I preQ1 riboswitches from the mesophile Bacillus subtilis (Bsu) and the thermophile Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis (Tte) adopt similar pseudoknot structures when bound to preQ1. Here, we use UV-melting analysis combined with single-molecule detected chemical denaturation by urea to compare the thermodynamic and kinetic folding properties of the two riboswitches, and the urea-countering effects of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). Our results show that, first, the Tte riboswitch is more thermotolerant than the Bsu riboswitch, despite only subtle sequence differences. Second, using single-molecule FRET, we find that urea destabilizes the folded pseudoknot structure of both riboswitches, yet has a lower impact on the unfolding kinetics of the thermodynamically less stable Bsu riboswitch. Third, our analysis shows that TMAO counteracts urea denaturation and promotes folding of both the riboswitches, albeit with a smaller effect on the more stable Tte riboswitch. Together, these findings elucidate how subtle sequence adaptations in a thermophilic bacterium can stabilize a common RNA structure when a new ecological niche is conquered.
Philosophical Manuscripts
Authors: Lewis David 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This volume of hitherto unpublished material from the Nachlass of David Lewis (1941-2001) includes two book manuscripts by Lewis, The Paradoxes of Time Travel: The Gavin David Young Lectures at the University of Adelaide (1971) and Confirmation Theory (1969), as well as 6 papers drafted during the years immediately prior to his death (1999-2001) and 25 further notes and papers daring from c. 1965 to 1994. These 31 papers (in total) cover a wide variety of topics in metaphysics, philosophy of logic and language, decision theory and philosophy of mind. The volume also includes a biography of the young David Lewis, written by the editors, which draws extensively on Lewis’s correspondence.
Artificial Flowers
Authors: Bellido Jose , Sherman Brad 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the role that life plays in the way intellectual property law interacts with nature and how this changes with artificial or synthetic biology. The chapter shows that despite their copyright registration as sculptures, artificial flowers are not simply artistic objects. Instead, artificial flowers are hybrid objects that are artificial and at the same time extrinsically intertwined with nature. In this sense, the lineage of artificial flowers within intellectual property is closer to synthetic biology than it is to biology; to a subject matter inspired by nature but which takes up engineering standards and techniques to build nature from scratch.
Court Construction and Regime Change in the Mid-Fourth Century
Authors: Feeney Kevin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter argues that late Roman emperors could utilize their power of patronage as part of a coherent ideological programme. This claim is developed through a prosopographical analysis of the initial court appointments of Julian and Jovian in the turbulent middle years of the fourth century ad. Julian publicly signalled the wholesale rejection of the prior regime through not only the dismissal of his predecessor’s civilian appointees but also their prosecutions and even executions, as well as the unusual replacement of the most senior military officials. The major exception to this policy was the retention of those officials who apostatized from Christianity as the emperor himself had done, thus sending a clear message to the imperial elite about how to get ahead in the new order. When Jovian took power three years later, however, his government emphasized conciliation in its rhetoric and imagery, and matched this with an appointment strategy that promoted men who had enjoyed favour under each of his immediate predecessors. In very different ways then, both of these emperors demonstrated the potential for court construction to be used for programmatic as well as clientelist purposes to send a distinct signal about a new regime’s ideological priorities.
Sharing the Imperial Limelight
Authors: McEvoy Meaghan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter argues that magistri militum, the most senior officers in the Roman army, should not be considered ‘powers behind the throne’ in the late fourth to late fifth century. Instead, their power was openly articulated in panegyrics, ceremonies, marriages, and monuments as representing more of a power-sharing relationship both with child emperors and with adult emperors whom they sought to control. This arrangement, it is argued, could only have come about with the consensus of the entire court community, whose members supported generals and often benefited from their political patronage. This delicate equilibrium came to an end in the 470s, as the western empire fragmented, and eastern generals sought to rule as emperors themselves rather than in partnership with another.
Beyond the Veil
Authors: Schulz Fabian 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAfter Constantine adopted Christianity, the emperor became an important figure in ecclesiastical politics. To bishops fighting over theology and bishoprics his support was crucial, but also controversial, depending on which side you asked. While Athanasius of Alexandria regularly accused opposing bishops of lobbying emperors in order to spread their heresy, he did not like to talk about his own attempts. He had to make an exception when he was accused of having instigated Constans against his imperial brother Constantius. This chapter investigates Athanasius’ apology to Constantius, the Apologia ad Constantium imperatorem, which denies the allegations by providing details about four audiences with Constans including the witnesses. By contrasting the account with other material (e.g. sources about the protocol; the Canons of the Council of Serdica, which regulated meetings between bishops and emperors; and Church historians, who provide alternative narratives), we are able to determine what Athanasius stresses, omits, and distorts in order to prove his point. In doing so, we learn a lot about how ecclesiastical audiences worked and how they were represented at that time. In Late Antiquity, it became commonplace for accounts of ecclesiastical court visits to be distorted in order to present a particular version of events.
Dynamics of Power
Authors: Slootjes Daniëlle 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the dynamic relationship between emperors, bishops, and court and urban communities through the events surrounding the controversial Council of Ephesus (431). The situation arose as the result of a dispute between Cyril, bishop of Constantinople, and Nestorius, the bishop of Alexandria, regarding the status of the Virgin Mary. Each bishop used a range of strategies to influence Emperor Theodosius II, the imperial women of the family, and members of the court community to support their cause. These techniques ranged from sending embassies, letters, and gifts to seeking audiences or fomenting public protests. The successes and failures of each bishop demonstrate the difficult negotiations which marked the fraught politics of access and intimacy at the imperial court.
The Evolution of the Roman Imperial Court in Historical Context
Authors: Davenport Caillan , McEvoy Meaghan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis chapter weaves the conclusions of individual papers into a broader consideration of the transformation of the imperial court between the Principate and Late Antiquity. It focuses on the following key themes: the movement between the ‘court-in-capital’ model and peripatetic courts; the dynamics of imperial ceremonial, and the role played by both emperors and courtiers in its development; the articulation of the court community in terms of offices and structures; and the role of imperial women. In each case, the trajectory of historical development in the Roman Empire is compared with other Eurasian monarchical societies in order to determine points of similarity and difference.
A Modern Introduction to Classical Electrodynamics
Authors: Maggiore Michele 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
A Modern Introduction to Classical Electrodynamics is suitable for undergraduate students that already had a first exposure to the subject and for graduate students, while more advanced parts makes it a useful resource for PhD students and researchers. The book takes a ‘top-down’ approach, starting from Maxwell’s equations in vacuum and developing systematically and in a logically coherent manner their consequences. Much emphasis is put on the formal structure of the theory. Starting from Maxwell’s equations in vacuum, the central role of gauge invariance and of Special Relativity is emphasised from the beginning. After introductory chapters where are rederived elementary results of electrostatics and magnetostatics, and the multipole expansion, Special Relativity is introduced and most of the subsequent derivations are performed using the covariant formalism and the gauge potentials, allowing for greater conceptual and technical clarity, compared to more traditional treatments. All derivations are performed in great detail. The text also includes advanced topics, such as the field-theoretical treatment of classical electrodynamics or a modern treatment of radiation reaction; these parts are meant for the advanced reader and are clearly marked, and can be skipped without loss of continuity. The second part of the book covers electrodynamics in material media. This includes Maxwell’s equations in material media, frequency dependent response of materials and Kramers-Kronig relations, electromagnetic waves in materials, and scattering of electromagnetic radiation.
Introduction
Authors: Gerstenblith Patty 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter introduces the debate as to where cultural objects should be located. The chapter defines key terms and concepts that are explored throughout the work, including what are culture, cultural property, and cultural heritage, and how the usage of each term alters and frames the discussion of legal and ethical implications. Chapter 1 identifies the three formal communities that have interests and authority in the faceted discussion of cultural heritage: the international community, States, and local and descendant communities. It also considers the need for a contextual approach when determining where cultural objects should be located. Finally, chapter 1 sets out the structure of the rest of the book.
The Right to Objects of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Gerstenblith Patty 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter turns to the international legal principles that developed over the course of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries to protect the rights of States and communities to their tangible movable cultural heritage. Chapter 5 accomplishes this by analysing three phases of this development, starting with aspects of the 1954 Hague Convention regime and International Humanitarian Law that affect movable cultural heritage. Next, cultural heritage and the right to cultural objects are examined as a human right and the international agreements and principles that articulate this right, with a particular focus on the rights of Indigenous communities. Finally, the chapter turns to the international conventions that attempt to regulate the movement of cultural heritage, recognizing the weaknesses in the regime that have made regulation of the market particularly challenging.
Beyond the Law: Ethical Considerations
Authors: Gerstenblith Patty 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses various Codes of Ethics and guidelines for professional associations, and how they could be utilized to fill gaps in the current legal framework regarding movable cultural objects. To illustrate this idea, prominent examples of codes of ethics are analysed, such as the ICOM Code, AAM Code, and others that have a primary emphasis on good title and legal export of objects that museums are considering acquiring or scholars are considering publishing. This chapter also looks at the special considerations ethical guidelines give to art looted during the Holocaust and the special treatment given for human remains and sacred cultural objects. Finally, the chapter analyzes the 1970 UNESCO Convention and how the ‘1970 standard’ has been both helpful and harmful in its adoption by academic organizations, museums, and other market professionals as an ethical standard.