bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROFIL FITOKIMIA DAN ANALISIS TOKSISITAS Ficus racemosa L. MENGGUNAKAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP (Artemia salina) LETHALITY TEST
Authors: Suryani Novia 
Published: December 2023

A traditional plant, Ficus racemosa L., known as the ara plant in West Nusa Tenggara, is potentially beneficial as a drug candidate, which is one option to develop the biodiversity of natural ingredients in Indonesia. The extract was produced by maceration method with ethanol 96% solvent. Furthermore, they partitioned using various solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform. The presence or absence of secondary metabolite is determined by the phytochemical screening test. Meanwhile, the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) is a toxicity screening to determine the LC50 of extract and their partition with various concentrations used were 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm. The metabolite secondary flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins are confirmed. The analysis showed that LC50 of extract was 218,34 ppm; n-hexane fraction was 413,57 ppm; ethyl acetate fraction was 309.51 ppm; and chloroform fraction was 314.60 ppm; all had toxic potential.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL KIMIA BERBASIS INTRODUCTION, CONNECT, APPLY, REFLECT, EXTEND (ICARE) PADA MATERI REAKSI REDOKS
Authors: Nengsih Ersa Agusti , Amir Hermansyah , Handayani Dewi 
Published: December 2023

This study is a research and development of ICARE-based chemistry e-modules that aims to determine the feasibility of e-modules, student responses, and improvement of student learning outcomes. The development model used is analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation (ADDIE). The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Seluma from January to August 2022. The subjects of this study were X IPA 2 and X IPA 3 students in the 2022/2023 school year who were selected based on simple random sampling techniques with a population of 3 classes, which were then tested for normality and homogeneity so that normal and homogeneous classes were obtained, namely X IPA 2 class for small group tests and X IPA 3 for large group tests. The instruments in this study were interview sheets, validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and tests. From the results obtained (1) ICARE-based chemistry e-modules were declared very feasible by media and material experts with a percentage of 98.88% media aspects and 91.25% material aspects, (2) Student responses to ICARE-based chemistry e-modules were in the very good category with an average percentage of 90.23%, and (3) After using ICARE-based chemistry e-modules on redox reaction material, there has been an increase in student learning outcomes as measured by an average N-gain score of 0.69 on moderate criteria. The results of the development of ICARE-based chemistry e-modules are very feasible to use in the learning process and proven to improve student learning outcomes.
Keywords: e-module, development, ICARE, learning outcomes
Manajemen Strategi dalam Meningkatkan Pengelolaan Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini pada Era 4.0
Authors: Nababan Marina Letara , Lumban Gaol Nasib Tua , Agustina Winarti 
Published: December 2023

Pentingnya manajemen strategi dalam pengelolaan lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) di era 4.0 ditandai oleh perkembangan teknologi dan perubahan sosial yang signifikan. Dalam menghadapi tantangan zaman, lembaga PAUD harus beradaptasi dan mengimplementasikan proses strategi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan berbagai pihak. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan. Hasil studi ini mengidentifikasi bahwa analisis lingkungan internal dan eksternal adalah langkah awal dalam memahami kondisi lembaga PAUD. Melalui analisis SWOT dapat diketahui kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Setelah pemahaman yang baik tentang lingkungan lembaga PAUD tercapai, pembuatan visi, misi, tujuan, dan strategi yang sesuai menjadi langkah selanjutnya. Visi dan misi adalah pedoman utama, sementara tujuan harus realistis dan terukur. Proses perencanaan yang matang sangat penting dalam mencapai keberhasilan. Implementasi manajemen strategi adalah tahap penting yang memungkinkan visi, misi, dan tujuan organisasi tercapai. Pemimpin lembaga PAUD harus membuat kebijakan yang mendukung implementasi strategi. Terakhir, memonitor dan mengevaluasi strategi adalah langkah untuk memastikan keberlanjutan dan perbaikan. Pengendalian dan evaluasi membantu melihat sejauh mana strategi berjalan sesuai rencana. Dalam era 4.0 yang penuh dengan perubahan, manajemen strategis menjadi kunci untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di lembaga PAUD. Kata kunci: Manajemen strategi; lembaga pendidikan, pendidikan anak usia dini, era 4.0.
The Moderating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy in the Relationship between Social Comparison and Hypercompetitiveness : The Different Effects Among Urban and Rural Group Students in Indonesia
Authors: Dumbi Khairunnisa Syafira , Djuwita Ratna 
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explore the relationship between social comparison and hypercompetitiveness, and the moderating effects of academic self-efficacy. In addition, we also compare the different effects among urban group students and rural group students. This study used a non-experimental design witha quantitative approach. The final participants included 146 high school students aged between 15-18 years. There are three instruments used in this study: the Hypercompetitiveness in Academic Scale (HIA) for measuring hypercompatitiveness, the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) for measuring social comparison, and the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (TASES) for measuring self-efficacy specific in academic setting. All of the data questionnaires were analyzed by descriptive, correlation, and moderation analysis. The result shows that academic self-efficacy plays a significant role in the association between social comparison and hypercompetitiveness. In addition, the relationship between these three variables is different for urban and rural students. Taken together, these findings can provide theoretical and practical guidance for teachers, counselors, and school psychologists to understand hypercompetitiveness characteristics among students, increase their awareness about hypercompetitiveness characteristics, and provide support through counseling or training that can encourage collaborative work among students and improve their academic self-efficacy.
Does Internet Information Enhance the Intention to Switch? Evidence Shifting to Eco-Friendly Products
Authors: Angga Pandu Wijaya  , Widya Prananta  , Febriatmoko Bogy 
Published: December 2023

Purpose – The research aims to explore the impact of user experience and satisfaction on switching intentions, addressing the challenge of user retention amid growing competition. Despite this, a gap exists in understanding the role of internet information, necessitating further investigation.
Methodology – The study utilizes a quantitative, causal research approach with a questionnaire survey involving 151 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed for data analysis.
Findings – The study reveals that positive user experience encourages product switching, while user satisfaction has a negative effect with the intention to switch. Additionally, internet information moderates the impact of user satisfaction, offering insights into users' product-switching tendencies. Satisfied users are more likely to exhibit loyalty.
Originality – The research explores the environmentally aware younger generation's reliance on the internet for information exchange and presents results on consumer behavior with alternative eco-friendly products.
POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO- DECRETO Nº 9.765, DE 11 DE ABRIL DE 2019:
Authors: Alencar Maria Fernanda dos Santos , Melo Cinthya  Torres 
Published: December 2023

este artigo aponta reflexões sobre a proposta de alfabetização centrada no método fônico de leitura e de aprendizagem da escrita, apresentada pelo Plano Nacional de Alfabetização (2019), do Ministério da Educação-Secretaria de Alfabetização, que orienta o ensino e a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita de estudantes do ensino fundamental-anos iniciais e da EJA por meio do modelo fônico. Neste sentido, busca o diálogo com discussões teóricas sobre alfabetização e o seu fazer pedagógico trazidas por Paulo Freire, compreendendo que os professores desenvolvem caminhos diversificados para o processo de alfabetização e que a leitura da palavra é a leitura da “palavramundo” (FREIRE, 2005).
Analysis of morphological and quantitative changes in pathological myopia and perioperative changes in posterior scleral reinforcement using three-dimensional magnet resonance imaging
Authors: Liu Lin , Rong Hua , Wu Di , Xu He , He Qing , Du Bei , Zhang Xuejun , Wei Ruihua 
Published: December 2023

Objective: To compare the morphological and quantitative changes in pathological myopia (PM) and the perioperative changes in posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) using three-dimensional magnetic resonance images (3D MRI).Methods: A total of 49 patients with high myopia (HM; 98 eyes), 15 with pathological myopia (PM; 19 eyes), and 10 without high myopia (NORM; 20 eyes) were recruited between September 2019 and July 2021. The patients underwent measurements of refractive error and axial length, as well as 3D MRI of the eyeball. Python was used to analyze the 3D MRI images, calculate the vitreous volume, establish a topography of the height of the eyeball posterior surface, and calculate the rate of change in height (H). For the PM group undergoing PSR, changes in vitreous volume and the highest point of the eyeball posterior surface in four quadrants (temporal, subtemporal, nasal, and subnasal) were compared before and after PSR.Results: The vitreous volume was smaller in the NORM group compared to the HM and PM groups (p &lt; 0.01). The PM group had a larger volume than the HM group (p &lt; 0.01). The H for the PM group was higher than that of the NORM and HM groups (p &lt; 0.01). After PSR in the PM group, the total vitreous volume, as well as the volume in the subnasal and supratemporal quadrants, decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the highest point of the eyeball’s posterior surface was generally shifted to the upper nasal side. Finally, the shape and position of the scleral band after PSR were plotted.Conclusion: 3D MRI is capable of a quantitative description of the eyeball morphology in PM and PSR. It allows for precise calculations of changes in vitreous volume and the H of the posterior surface. It also facilitates a meticulous analysis of the specific details of the scleral band following PSR.
Effects of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue: an experimental study
Authors: Zhou Anqi , Pan Younghwan 
Published: December 2023

Introduction: This study investigated the influence of indoor lighting environments on paper reading efficiency and brain fatigue to explore lighting parameters that benefit users during various reading durations.Methods: The study was conducted in the Smart Lighting Lab, where 12 participants were tested under different illuminance levels and correlated color temperatures (CCT) for three distinct reading durations. Reading efficiency during the task tests and objective measures of brain activity by monitoring participants’ electroencephalograms (EEGs) were used as key factors to assess participants’ fatigue levels.Results: By analyzing the subjective and objective results, we found that paper reading efficiency was significantly affected by changes in the lighting environment. Also, based on the results of this study, we propose lighting recommendations for paper reading tasks of different durations. For a 15 min reading task, the lighting condition of 500 lux-6,500 K were the most efficient for reading; for a 30 min reading task, 500 lux-4,000 K lighting environments were found to be the most effective; and 750 lux-6,500 K was the best lighting environment for a 60 min reading duration.Discussion: These suggestions can serve as a reference for designing indoor lighting environment. In addition, they provide guidance to researchers and reviewers conducting similar studies.
Causal effects of gut microbiota on appendicitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Zehui , Bao Lijie , Wu Lidong , Zeng Qi , Feng Qian , Zhou Jinchuan , Luo Zhiqiang , Wang Yibing 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPrevious research has posited a potential correlation between the gut microbiota and the onset of appendicitis; however, the precise causal connection between appendicitis and the gut microbiota remains an unresolved and contentious issue.MethodsIn this investigation, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis employing publicly accessible summary data extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to elucidate the potential causal nexus between the gut microbiota and the development of appendicitis. We initially identified instrumental variables (IVs) through a comprehensive array of screening methodologies, subsequently executing MR analyses using the Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) technique as our primary approach, supplemented by several alternative methods such as MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Additionally, we implemented a series of sensitivity analysis procedures, encompassing Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, Mendelian Randomized Polymorphism Residual and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, and a leave-one-out test, to affirm the robustness and validity of our findings.ResultsOur investigation indicates that an elevated prevalence of Deltaproteobacteria, Christensenellaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Eubacterium ruminantium group, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Methanobrevibacter, Desulfovibrionales, and Euryarchaeota is inversely associated with the risk of appendicitis. Conversely, we observed a positive correlation between an increased abundance of Family XIII, Howardella, and Veillonella and the susceptibility to appendicitis. Sensitivity analyses have corroborated the robustness of these findings, and Mendelian randomization analyses provided no indications of reverse causality.ConclusionOur Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis has unveiled potential advantageous or detrimental causal associations between the gut microbiota and the occurrence of appendicitis. This study offers novel theoretical and empirical insights into the understanding of appendicitis pathogenesis, along with its implications for preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Bivalirudin-hydrogel coatings of polyvinyl chloride on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for anticoagulation
Authors: Gao Wenqing , Shen Hechen , Chang Yun , Tang Qin , Li Tong , Sun Di 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThromboembolic events associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in clinical treatment are typical. Heparin coating has been widely employed as a surface modification strategy for ECMO tubes. However, its clinical application is often accompanied by unavoidable complications due to its mechanism of action. As a direct thrombin inhibitor with a single target, Bivalirudin (BV) has exhibited a lower incidence of adverse events and superior pharmacokinetic performance compared to heparin.MethodsA gelatin methacrylate hydrogel (GelMA) coating layer with BV was successfully synthesized on polyvinyl chloride, and the drug release ratio was close to complete release within 7 days.Results and discussionSimulated extracorporeal circulation experiments using roller pumps in vitro and jugular arteriovenous bypass experiments in rabbits demonstrated its outstanding anticoagulant efficacy. The systemic anticoagulant assay proved that BV hydrogel coating does not affect the coagulation level, and reduces the risk of complications such as systemic bleeding compared to intravenous injection. BV-Coating GelMA hydrogel tube has exhibited good biocompatibility and significantly improved anticoagulant performance, making it an optimal choice for surface materials used in blood-contacting medical devices.
Receptor-interacting protein 1 and 3 kinase activity are required for high-fat diet induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Wu Xiaoqin , Arya Rakesh K. , Huang Emily , McMullen Megan R. , Nagy Laura E. 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe RIP1-RIP3-MLKL-mediated cell death pathway is associated with progression of non-alcohol-associated fatty liver/steatohepatitis (NAFL/NASH). Previous work identified a critical role for MLKL, the key effector regulating necroptosis, but not RIP3, in mediating high fat diet-induced liver injury in mice. RIP1 and RIP3 have active N-terminus kinase domains essential for activation of MLKL and subsequent necroptosis. However, little is known regarding domain-specific roles of RIP1/RIP3 kinase in liver diseases. Here, we hypothesized that RIP1/RIP3 kinase activity are required for the development of high fat diet-induced liver injury.MethodsRip1K45A/K45A and Rip3K51A/K51A kinase-dead mice on a C57BL/6J background and their littermate controls (WT) were allowed free access to a diet high in fat, fructose and cholesterol (FFC diet) or chow diet.ResultsBoth Rip1K45A/K45A and Rip3K51A/K51A mice were protected against FFC diet-induced steatosis, hepatocyte injury and expression of hepatic inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. FFC diet increased phosphorylation and oligomerization of MLKL and hepatocyte death in livers of WT, but not in Rip3K51A/K51A, mice. Consistent with in vivo data, RIP3 kinase deficiency in primary hepatocytes prevented palmitic acid-induced translocation of MLKL to the cell surface and cytotoxicity. Additionally, loss of Rip1 or Rip3 kinase suppressed FFC diet-mediated formation of crown-like structures (indicators of dead adipocytes) and expression of mRNA for inflammatory response genes in epididymal adipose tissue. Moreover, FFC diet increased expression of multiple adipokines, including leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, in WT mice, which was abrogated by Rip3 kinase deficiency.DiscussionThe current data indicate that both RIP1 and RIP3 kinase activity contribute to FFC diet-induced liver injury. This effect of RIP1 and RIP3 kinase deficiency on injury is consistent with the protection of Mlkl-/- mice from high fat diet-induced liver injury, but not the reported lack of protection in Rip3-/- mice. Taken together with previous reports, our data suggest that other domains of RIP3 likely counteract the effect of RIP3 kinase in response to high fat diets.
Gut microbiota and metabolites in estrus cycle and their changes in a menopausal transition rat model with typical neuroendocrine aging
Authors: Dai Ruoxi , Huang Jianqin , Cui Liyuan , Sun Ruiqi , Qiu Xuemin , Wang Yan , Sun Yan 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundNeuroendocrine alterations in the mid-life hypothalamus coupled with reproductive decline herald the initiation of menopausal transition. The certain feature and contribution of gut microflora and metabolites to neuroendocrine changes in the menopausal transition remain largely unknown.MethodsFecal samples of rats experiencing different reproductive stages were collected and processed for 16S rRNA and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry sequencing. The differences of gut microbiota and metabolites between young and middle-aged rats during proestrus and diestrus were analyzed, and their relationships to neuroendocrine aging were then examined.ResultsAt the genus level, Anaeroyorax, Rikenella, Tyzzerella_3, and Atopostipes were abundant at proestrus, while Romboutsia, Turicibacter, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group, CHKCI002, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, Staphylococcus, Family_XII_AD3011_group, Ruminococcaceae UCG-011, and Christensenellaceae_R_7_group were enriched in the diestrus of middle-aged rats. DNF00809, Phocea, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 were found abundant during proestrus instead, while Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Erysipelatoclostridium, Anaeroplasma, Anaerofustis, Parasutterella, and Enterococcus were enriched at the diestrus of young female individuals. Discriminatory metabolites were identified involving 90 metabolic pathways among the animal sets, which were enriched for steroid hormone biosynthesis, arachidonic metabolism, primary bile acid synthesis, and ovarian steroidogenesis. A total of 21 metabolites lacking in hormone-associated changes in middle-aged female individuals presented positive or negative correlations with the circulating luteinizing hormone, bile acid, fibroblast growth factor 19, and gut hormones. Moreover, close correlations were detected between the intestinal bacteria and their metabolites.ConclusionThis study documents specific gut microbial composition changes and concomitant shifting trends of metabolites during menopausal transition, which may initiate the gut–brain dysfunction in neuroendocrine aging.
A landscape-based ecological hazard evaluation and characterization of influencing factors in Laos
Authors: Ma Jun , Khromykh Vadim , Wang Jinliang , Zhang Jianpeng , Li Wenjuan , Zhong Xuzheng 
Published: December 2023

The study of the spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological hazard and human and natural influences is essential for conservative management and regional sustainable development. This study applied a landscape pattern analysis method and geodetector to multi-source data for 2000, 2010, and 2020 to analyze changes in and drivers of landscape ecological hazard in Laos. The results indicated that: (1) There were more prominent changes in landscape types in Laos. Forest area decreased, whereas the areas of other landscape types increased. There was an overall steady change in the landscape patterns of Laos. Besides for significant changes in the artificial surface landscape index, landscape indices remained stable; (2) The cumulative high and extreme ecological hazard areas increased by 1,947.81 km2, whereas the cumulative areas of low and minimal ecological hazard decreased by 8,461.8 km2. Areas of low and moderate ecological hazard accounted for &gt; 85% of the total area. Areas of low ecological hazard were mainly in the northwest and southeast. The area of high ecological hazard was concentrated in the central and northeastern regions. The distributions of different landscape ecological hazards in Laos during the study period were similar, with general patterns of decreasing hazard from north to south; (3) A positive Moran’s I of landscape ecological hazard in Laos was obtained. While the agglomeration effect was pronounced, it decreased over time, resulting in a weakening in spatial autocorrelation. A significant positive autocorrelation was observed in the spatial distribution of landscape ecological hazard in the study area. Agglomerated areas of high and low ecological hazard were mainly concentrated in the northeast and southeast, respectively; (4) The spatiotemporal evolution of landscape ecological hazard in Laos over the last 20 years could be attributed to interactions between natural and anthropogenic influences. Natural influences were a significant driver of changes to landscape ecological hazard in Laos, with annual precipitation and average temperature being the most significant. Anthropogenic influences, including socioeconomic factors and regional accessibility, significantly impacted local ecological deterioration in Laos.