bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of genistein and coenzyme Q10 in oxidative damage and mitochondrial membrane potential in an attenuated type II mucopolysaccharidosis cellular model
Authors: Delgado Camila Aguilar , Poletto Edina , Vera Luisa Natalia Pimentel , Jacques Carlos Eduardo Diaz , Vianna Priscila , Reinhardt Luiza Steffens , Baldo Guilherme , Vargas Carmen Regla 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an inborn error of the metabolism resulting from several possible mutations in the gene coding for iduronate‐2‐sulfatase (IDS), which leads to a great clinical heterogeneity presented by these patients. Many studies demonstrate the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of inborn errors of metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress can be related since most of reactive oxygen species come from mitochondria. Cellular models have been used to study different diseases and are useful in biochemical research to investigate them in a new promising way. The aim of this study is to develop a heterozygous cellular model for MPS II and analyze parameters of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and investigate the in vitro effect of genistein and coenzyme Q10 on these parameters for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. The HP18 cells (heterozygous c.261_266del6/c.259_261del3) showed almost null results in the activity of the IDS enzyme and presented accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), allowing the characterization of this knockout cellular model by MPS II gene editing. An increase in the production of reactive species was demonstrated (p < .05 compared with WT vehicle group) and genistein at concentrations of 25 and 50 µm decreased in vitro its production (p < .05 compared with HP18 vehicle group), but there was no effect of coenzyme Q10 in this parameter. There was a tendency for lysosomal pH change in HP18 cells in comparison to WT group and none of the antioxidants tested demonstrated any effect on this parameter. There was no increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and oxidative damage to DNA in HP18 cells in comparison to WT group and neither genistein nor coenzyme q10 had any effect on these parameters. Regarding mitochondrial membrane potential, genistein induced mitochondrial depolarization in both concentrations tested (p < .05 compared with HP18 vehicle group and compared with WT vehicle group) and incubation with coenzyme Q10 demonstrated no effect on this parameter. In conclusion, it is hypothesized that our cellular model could be compared with a milder MPS II phenotype, given that the accumulation of GAGs in lysosomes is not as expressive as another cellular model for MPS II presented in the literature. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that there is no mitochondrial depolarization and no DNA damage, since there is less lysosomal impairment, as well as less redox imbalance.
Governing towards democracy: Challenges and opportunities of trustees at urban community colleges
Authors: Rall Raquel M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe goal of this article is to enhance understanding and appreciation of the current and potential role of trustees in urban community colleges. In working to make sure students are successful, trustees face numerous challenges in implementing high‐impact policies and practices that center student success. This article establishes a node connecting an understudied topic (governance), and an understudied group (trustees), within an oft‐forgotten context (community colleges). The focus is on the influential role that urban community colleges play in serving educationally, economically, and ethnically marginalized populations and how the trustees must necessarily govern with these groups in mind.
Social movements and activism: Reexamining scholarship to center the urban community college
Authors: Morgan Demetri L. , Cho Katherine S. , Davis Charles H. F. , Campbell Johnnie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this article, the authors focus on the intersection of the study of activism and the urban community college. Leveraging the Actors, Contexts, Tactics, and Strategies (ACTS) Framework, the authors (re)examine activism scholarship that illuminates similarities and differences between 2‐ and 4‐year institutions. Ultimately, the article concludes with implications for practice and future research that can deepen and sustain the position of community colleges as contributors to the rich legacy of urban activism.
Delayed Sheehan's syndrome diagnosed during the evaluation of secondary infertility: A case report
Authors: Saxena Surbhi , Verma Vishesh , Samadarshi Samir , Dorji Thinley , Muthukrishnan Jayaraman 
Published: February 2024

Key Clinical MessageSheehan's syndrome may present with postpartum lactation failure and amenorrhea or with features of isolated hypopituitarism to panhypopituitarism. A high index of suspicion is required in a relevant clinical setting of postpartum hemorrhage.
NO Reduction with CO on Low‐loaded Platinum‐group Metals (Rh, Ru, Pd, Pt, and Ir) Atomically Dispersed on Ceria
Authors: Tian Jinshu , Khivantsev Konstantin , Lu Yubing , Xue Sichuang , Zhang Zihao , Szanyi János , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLow‐loaded platinum‐group single‐atom catalysts on CeO2 (M1/CeO2) were synthesized via high‐temperature atom trapping (AT) and tested for the NO+CO reaction under dry and wet conditions. The activity of these catalysts for NO+CO reaction follows the order Rh>Pd≈Ru>Pt>Ir. For Rh, Ru, and Pd single‐atom catalysts, the N2O byproduct is formed but not clearly observed in Ir and Pt cases, which may result from the higher reaction temperature (>200 °C) required for Pt and Ir catalysts. The presence of water can promote the activity of these M1/CeO2 catalysts for the NO+CO reaction. Under wet conditions, significant NH3 formation occurred during the reaction, which is due to the co‐existence of water‐gas‐shift reaction on these catalysts. Compared with Pt, Pd and Ir, the Rh and Ru single‐atom catalysts show higher selectivity to NH3 species, resulting from the hydride species on the surface. Among all tested catalysts, Ru1/CeO2 shows the highest production of ammonia and highest CO conversion due to excellent water‐gas‐shift activity, whereas Pd1/CeO2 shows lowest ammonia production. Rh1/CeO2 shows the best low temperature NO reduction activity among all tested catalysts.
Mechanistic Pathways for the Dehydrogenation of Alkanes on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) Surfaces
Authors: Islam Mazharul M. , Catlow C. Richard A. , Roldan Alberto 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe dehydrogenation of alkanes is a critical process to enable olefin upcycling in a circular economy. A suitable selective catalyst is required in order to avoid demanding reaction conditions and ensure the activation of the C−H bond rather than breaking the C−C bond, which is the weaker of the two. Herein, using periodic density functional theory, we have investigated the dehydrogenation of n‐pentane (as a model compound) on Pt and Ru surface catalysts. The results show that the first dehydrogenation occurs through the dissociative adsorption of the C−H bond, resulting in pentyl and H intermediates on the metal surfaces. A successive dehydrogenation creates pentene via a hydride di‐σ state, leaving the abstracted hydrogen atoms on the metal surfaces. In agreement with recent experiments, Pt and Ru catalysts show a similar reactivity trend: pentane dehydrogenation yields pent‐1‐ene and pent‐2‐ene. The simulations reveal that the 1st C−H dissociation is the rate‐determining step, whereas the double‐bonded alkenes (pent‐1‐ene and pent‐2‐ene) are formed due to fast successive dehydrogenation processes. Pt favors the formation of pent‐1‐ene, whereas Ru favors the formation of pent‐2‐ene.
Influence of Electrode Potential on Oxygen Mobility Probed by Polarized Isotopic Exchange in Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cells: Insights for Electro‐Assisted Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Manon Alexandre , Nau Alexandre , Belin Thomas , Mazurier Arnaud , Bassat Jean Marc , Bion Nicolas , Comminges Clément 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOxygen mobility was studied by oxygen isotopic exchange on three electrodes used in Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cells under polarization (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3‐δ (LSCF) and La2NiO4+δ (LNO)). The rate of the surface and the bulk mechanisms for oxygen mobility is depending on the type of conductivity (electronic conduction or mixed ionic and electronic conductivity). It is shown that a one oxygen atom exchange is dominant for the surface path whereas a two oxygen atoms mechanism dominates for the bulk path. The rate constant for the bulk path is much higher than the one for the surface path by two orders of magnitude. Additionally, polarized oxygen isotopic exchange revealed that electrode overvoltage increases significantly the rate constant for the surface path, whereas its impact on the bulk path is negligible.
Expanding the Applicability Domain of Machine Learning Model for Advancements in Electrochemical Material Discovery
Authors: Boonpalit Kajjana , Kinchagawat Jiramet , Namuangruk Supawadee 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMachine learning has gained considerable attention in the material science domain and helped discover advanced materials for electrochemical applications. Numerous studies have demonstrated its potential to reduce the resources required for material screening. However, a significant proportion of these studies have adopted a supervised learning approach, which entails the laborious task of constructing random training databases and does not always ensure the model‘s reliability while screening unseen materials. Herein, we evaluate the limitations of supervised machine learning from the perspective of the applicability domain. The applicability domain of a model is the region in chemical space where the structure‐property relationship is covered by the training set so that the model can give reliable predictions. We review methods that have been developed to overcome such limitations, such as the active learning framework and self‐supervised learning.
Glucose and Glutamate Detection by Oxidase/Hemin Peroxidase Mimic Cascades Assembled on Macro‐ and Microelectrodes
Authors: Lopes Paula , Kaewjua Kantima , Shipovskov Stepan , Ferapontova Elena E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEnzymatic cascades are routinely used for electroanalysis of redox inactive species that can be enzymatically converted into species electroactive at moderate potentials, such as H2O2 produced by FAD‐dependent oxidases oxidising their substrates by O2. However, such cascades adaptation to micro‐biosensors is limited by enhanced mass‐transfer of produced H2O2 into solution, not to the sensing layer. Here, bi‐enzyme sensors for glucose or glutamate, produced by cross‐linking peroxidase and oxidases on carbon‐nanotube‐modified graphite macro‐electrodes (Gr), showed the from 0.1 to 10 mM glucose/glutamate linear response, while bio‐modified 5 μm carbon fibre electrodes (CFE) were mute due to fast transfer of enzymatically produced H2O2 into solution. By replacing peroxidase with peroxidase‐mimicking hemin in polyethyleneimine, the sensitivity of detection at Gr improved 3‐fold, enabling 2.8 μM glucose and 4.5 μM glutamate limits of detection, but not at CFE. Fast mass‐transfer of H2O2 from CFE to solution was restricted by the Nafion membrane facilitating glucose detection at CFE with a sensitivity of 1.67 A cm−2 M−1, at −0.6 V, escaping interference from other brain‐fluid components, redox‐inactive at this potential. Such membrane‐restricted cascade system provides the analytical access to a large group of enzymes that can be integrated in multiple enzymatic cascades for biosensing at microelectrodes.
Electropolymerization of Preferred‐Oriented Conjugated Microporous Polymer Films for Enhanced Fluorescent Sensing
Authors: Long Jie , Liu Yuxin , Huang Zefeng , Ye Zijian , He Guping , Sun Fengqiang , Xu Bingjia , Chen Xinli , Wang Yuhai , Xing Xiaobo , Ng Kar Wei , Zhang Li , Liu Cong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) films with orientation and controlled structure are extremely desired for applications. Here, we report the effective construction of CMP 3D composite films (pZn/PTPCz) with a controlled porosity structure and preferred orientation using the template‐assisted electropolymerization (EP) approach for the first time. The structure of pZn/PTPCz composite thin films and nitrophenol sensing performance were thoroughly studied. When compared to the control CMP film made on flat indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates, the as‐prepared pZn/PTPCz composite films showed significantly enhanced fluorescent intensity and much better sensing performance for the model explosive. This was attributed to the metal‐enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of porous nanostructured zinc (pZn) and the additional macroporosity of the pZn/PTPCz composite films. This work provides a feasible approach for creating oriented 3D CMP‐based thin films for advanced applications.
Solid‐State Synthesis of B←N Adducts by the Amine‐Facilitated Trimerization of the Phenylboronic Acid
Authors: Pajić Mario , Juribašić Kulcsár Marina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStable boroxine‐amine adducts comprising dative B←N bond(s) were prepared by mechanochemically‐induced reactions of phenylboronic acid (PBA) and amines (pyridine, DMAP, 1H‐pyrazole, piperidine, DABCO, hexamethylenetetramine, or 4,4’‐bipyridine). In‐situ Raman monitoring, ex‐situ PXRD and DFT calculations were used for product identification. Stoichiometry of the product (3 : 1, 3 : 2 or 6 : 1 adduct) was controlled by the amine structure and the molar ratio of the reactants. The 1 : 2 H‐bonded assembly of PBA and 4,4’‐bipyridine (bpy) was confirmed as an intermediate in the adduct formation for bpy. Competitive binding experiments indicated that the exchange of the amines in the 3 : 1 adducts follows the computed adduct stabilities that increase with the amine basicity. Following the DFT prediction, the first adduct with two different amines, DMAP and pip, bound to one boroxine moiety was isolated and structurally characterized. Results show that calculations can be used to predict possible and preferred product(s) and their spectral characteristics.
Neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, and morphological characterization of melanin‐concentrating hormone cells coexpressing cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript
Authors: Miller Persephone A. , Williams‐Ikhenoba Jesukhogie G. , Sankhe Aditi S. , Hoffe Brendan H. , Chee Melissa J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMelanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH) cells in the hypothalamus regulate fundamental physiological functions like energy balance, sleep, and reproduction. This diversity may be ascribed to the neurochemical heterogeneity among MCH cells. One prominent subpopulation of MCH cells coexpresses cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript (CART), and as MCH and CART can have opposing actions, MCH/CART+ and MCH/CART− cells may differentially modulate behavioral outcomes. However, it is not known if there are differences in the cellular properties underlying their functional differences; thus, we compared the neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, and morphological properties of MCH cells in male and female Mch‐cre;L10‐Egfp reporter mice. Half of MCH cells expressed CART and were most prominent in the medial hypothalamus. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings revealed differences in their passive and active membrane properties in a sex‐dependent manner. Female MCH/CART+ cells had lower input resistances, but male cells largely differed in their firing properties. All MCH cells increased firing when stimulated, but their firing frequency decreases with sustained stimulation. MCH/CART+ cells showed stronger spike rate adaptation than MCH/CART− cells. The kinetics of excitatory events at MCH cells also differed by cell type, as the rising rate of excitatory events was slower at MCH/CART+ cells. By reconstructing the dendritic arborization of our recorded cells, we found no sex differences, but male MCH/CART+ cells had less dendritic length and fewer branch points. Overall, distinctions in topographical division and cellular properties between MCH cells add to their heterogeneity and help elucidate their response to stimuli or effect on modulating their respective neural networks.
Interfacial Electronic States of GeC/g‐C3N4 van der Waal Heterostructure with Promising Photocatalytic Activity via Hydrogenation
Authors: Koranteng‐Mantey Eugenia , Kessie Charles , Selorm Agorku Eric , Kwaansa‐Ansah Edward Ebow , Osei‐Bonsu Oppong Samuel , Opoku Francis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe bandgap of most known two‐dimensional materials can be tuned by hydrogenation, although certain 2D materials lack a sufficient wide bandgap. Currently, it would be perfect to design non‐toxic, low‐cost, and high‐performance photocatalysts for photocatalytic water splitting via hydrogenation. We systematically examine the impact of hydrogenation on the optical and electronic characteristics of GeC/g‐C3N4 vdW heterostructures (vdWHs) with four different stacking patterns using first‐principles calculations. The phonon spectra, interlayer distance, binding energies and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations show the kinetic, mechanical, and thermal stability of GeC/g‐C3N4 vdWH after hydrogenation at 300, 500 and 800 K and possesses anisotropic Poisson's ratio, Young's and bulk modulus, suggesting that it's a promising candidate for experimental fabrication. According to an investigation of its electronic properties, GeC/g‐C3N4 vdWH has a bandgap of 1.28 eV, but hydrogenation dramatically increases it to 2.47 eV. As a result of interface‐induced electronic doping, the electronic states in g‐C3N4 might be significantly adjusted by coming into contact with hydrogenated GeC sheets. The vdWH exhibits a type‐II semiconductor, which can enhance the spatial separation of electron‐hole pairs and has a strong red‐shift of absorption coefficient than those of the constituent monolayers. The high potential drop caused by the significant valence and conduction band offsets effectively separated the charge carriers. The absorption coefficient of GeCH2/g‐C3N4 vdWH is highly influenced by a biaxial compressive strain more than the biaxial tensile strain. Our theoretical research implies that the hydrogenated GeCH2/g‐C3N4 vdWH possesses tunable optical and electronic behaviour for use as a hole‐transport material in solar energy harvesting, nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.
Hysteretic Room‐Temperature Magnetic Bistability of the Crystalline 4,7‐Difluoro‐1,3,2‐Benzodithiazolyl Radical
Authors: Makarov Alexander Yu. , Buravlev Alexander A. , Romanenko Galina V. , Bogomyakov Artem S. , Zakharov Boris A. , Morozov Vitaly A. , Sukhikh Alexander S. , Shundrina Inna K. , Shundrin Leonid A. , Irtegova Irina G. , Cherepanova Svetlana V. , Bagryanskaya Irina Yu. , Nikulshin Pavel V. , Zibarev Andrey V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe title radical R⋅, synthesized by reduction of the corresponding cation R+, is thermally stable up to ~380 K in the crystalline state under anaerobic conditions. With SQUID magnetometry, single‐crystal and powder XRD, solid‐state EPR and TG‐DSC, reversible spin‐Peierls transition between diamagnetic and paramagnetic states featuring ~10 K hysteretic loop is observed for R⋅ in the temperature range ~310–325 K; ΔH=~2.03 kJ mol−1 and ΔS=~6.23 J mol−1 K−1. The transition is accompanied by mechanical movement of the crystals, i. e., by thermosalient behavior. The low‐temperature diamagnetic P‐1 polymorph of R⋅ consists of R⋅2 π‐dimers arranged in (…R⋅2…)n π‐stacks; whereas the high‐temperature paramagnetic P21/c polymorph, of uniform (…R⋅…)n π‐stacks. With the XRD geometries, CASSCF and broken‐symmetry DFT jointly suggest strong antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions within R⋅2 and weak between R⋅2 for the (…R⋅2…)n stacks; and moderate AF interactions between R⋅ for the (…R⋅…)n stacks. The fully hydrocarbon archetype of R⋅ does not reveal the aforementioned properties. Thus, the fluorinated 1,3,2‐benzodithiazolyls pave a new pathway in the design and synthesis of metal‐less magnetically‐bistable materials.
High‐Throughput Exploration of a Thioxanthone‐catalyzed Photoredox C−O Coupling
Authors: Andrews Imogen C. , Edwards Lee J. , McKay Blandine S. J. , Hudson‐Curtis Buffy , Birkbeck George , Alder Catherine M. , Cook Gemma C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing High‐Throughput Experimentation (HTE), a visible light‐mediated etherification method was developed, employing the organic photocatalyst thioxanthen‐9‐one (TXO) and a commercially available, air‐stable nickel source. Design of Experiments (DoE) techniques were utilized in conjunction with HTE to identify optimal reaction conditions which are mild, cost‐effective, robust and therefore suitable for use in an industrial setting. A diverse substrate scope was prepared via parallel synthesis and selected examples were demonstrated on a 4.2 mmol scale in batch. Furthermore, the reaction was successfully performed on an 83 mmol scale, utilizing a standard jacketed reactor and Kessil PR160 L lamps.
Comparison of OEDGE and EDGE2D‐EIRENE predictions of the scrape‐off layer conditions for attached plasmas
Authors: Rikala Vesa‐Pekka , Groth Mathias , Kumpulainen Henri , Rees David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPredictions of the scrape‐off layer (SOL) plasma conditions from the 2D multi‐fluid code EDGE2D‐EIRENE are compared to the OEDGE 1D fluid code for JET low‐confinement mode (L‐mode) plasmas. In the low‐recycling divertor conditions (divertor target plasma collisionality ), OEDGE and EDGE2D‐EIRENE agree on the electron temperature, the ion temperature, and the electron density within 10% in the low‐field side (LFS) divertor X‐point region (divertor SOL) and within 25% in the LFS midplane region. In high‐recycling conditions (), the predictions of both codes agree on the electron temperature within 20%, while differences in the ion temperature and electron density increase to as high as 50% in the divertor SOL.
26‐GHz Testbed performance evaluation using system EVM characterization for 5G communication
Authors: Bagayogo Mamadou , Hamouda Soumaya , Barrak Rim 
Published: February 2024

SummaryThe millimeter‐wave (mmW) band has been chosen to obtain multi‐gigabit per second in the fifth generation (5G) communication and beyond. The knowledge of this frequency band is still the focus of research today. After UTI announced its choice of mmW for 5G communication, massive studies were carried out on this band. Among these studies, many optimization methods were proposed to reduce the impact of degradation sources. In this paper, we propose a new method to optimize the system error vector magnitude (EVM) of complex systems with many different calibration sources. A difference of 0.1% is observed between our optimization method and old methods. This small improvement of the EVM system can push the 3GPP system EVM (EVM at the receiver) limits by a few centimeters, which is not negligible in a high‐frequency transmission. Moreover, we have also proposed a new method to compute the throughput that takes into account the TX and RX directional antenna heights. The measurement campaigns and simulation results have shown an improvement from 0% to 6% of throughput. The results depend on indoor environment study and different obstacles in NLOS (non‐line of sight) conditions.