bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGUKUR JARAK DENGAN SENSOR ULTRASONIC PING))) BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER AT-MEGA 8535 DENGAN DATA LOGGING PADA KOMPUTER
Authors: _ Benny 
Published: October 2023

Distance measurement and continuous recording when done manually can be tedious and predictable errors in recording. For it will do design a device capable of measuring and recording automatically. Tools that will be made using the ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller ATMega 8535 as a main components. Ultrasonic sensors to detect objects in front of about distance of 3 cm until 3 meters. The reflection of ultrasonic waves to be received back by the sensor, so that the ATMEGA85 microcontroller will know when the ultrasonic wave is emitted until it is received back. And then the microcontroller will processed and displayed on the LCD and sent to a computer for display with the time of recording.
Keywords : Measurement, sensor ultrasonic, microcontroller, data logging.

ABSTRAK
Pengukuran dan pencatatan jarak secara kontinyu jika dilakukan secara manual dapat membosankan dan diprediksi terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan. Untuk itu akan dilakukan rancang bangun suatu alat yang mampu melakukan pengukuran dan pencatatan secara otomatis. Alat yang akan dibuat menggunakan sensor ultrasonic dan Mikrokontroller ATMEGA 8535sebagai komponen utamanya. Sensor ultrasonic dapat mendeteksi benda didepannya dari jarak 3cm hingga 3 meter. Untuk mengetahui jarak suatu benda Mikrokontroller mentrigger sensor untuk mengirimkan gelombang ultrasonic ke benda yang akan diukur. Pantulan gelombang ultrasonic akan diterima kembali oleh sensor, sehingga Mikrokontroller ATMEGA85 akan mengetahui waktu gelombang ultrasonic dipancarkan sampai diterima kembali. Selanjutnya Mikrokontroller memanipulasi waktu menjadi jarak untuk ditampilkan pada LCD dan dikirim ke Komputer untuk ditampilkan bersama waktu saat pencatatan.
Kata kunci : Pengukuran, sensor ultrasonic, mikrokontroller, data logging.
PENGEMBANGAN PENGERING BEKU PEMBEKUAN VAKUM DENGAN PEMANASAN KONDENSER
Authors: _ Belyamin , Subarkah1 Rahmat , _ Nasruddin 
Published: October 2023

Every year, West Kalimantan exports fresh aloevera abroad and at the same time the domestic industry imports aloevera powder produced by freeze drying process. If the freeze drying machine can be produced domestically, the aloevera product that became the mainstay of West Kalimantan can be processed in Indonesia. To achieve this long-term goal, a study that could result in freeze drying machine that can produce aloevera powder efficiently is needed. The process of designing, manufacturing and testing of vacuum freeze drying machine with condenser waste heat conducted at the Refrigeration Laboratory of Department of Mechanical Engineering UI. Vacuum freeze drying machine is designed and fabricated consisting of Chamber (there are containers placed material, the upper and lower heater) and Evaporator (cooling systems). This research has resulted a machine of freezing vacuum freeze dryers with heating condenser, working pressure -1 up to 3 millibars, the chamber temperature to minus or below 0 ºC, condenser temperature reaches 35 º C. In the drying process does not use a heating condenser then sublimation process completion time for 13 hours and obtained LOD values of ± 98.6%, while in the drying process that uses a heating condenser, it is time to 6.5 to 7 hours and obtained LOD values of ± 95 , 6%.
Keywords : aloevera, freeze drying, vacuum freeze

ABSTRAK
Setiap tahun Kalimantan Barat mengekspor lidah buaya segar ke luar negeri dan pada saat yang sama industri dalam negeri mengimpor serbuk lidah buaya yang dihasilkan dengan proses pengeringan beku. Jika dapat dihasilkan mesin pengering beku di dalam negeri, maka lidah buaya yang menjadi produk andalan Kalimantan Barat dapat diproses di dalam negeri. Untuk mencapai tujuan jangka panjang ini maka diperlukan suatu penelitian yang dapat menghasilkan mesin pengering beku yang dapat memproduksi serbuk lidah buaya dengan efisien. Proses perancangan, pembuatan dan pengujian mesin pengeringan beku vakum dengan panas buang kondenser dilakukan di Lab Refrigerasi Departemen Teknik Mesin UI. Mesin pengeringan beku vakum yang dirancang dan dibuat terdiri dari Ruang Uji (terdapat wadah meletakkan material, pemanas atas dan bawah) dan Ruang Evaporator (Sistem refrigerasi). Penelitian ini menghasilkan alat pengering beku pembekuan vakum dengan pemanasan kondensor dengan tekanan kerja -1 hingga 3 milibar, suhu ruang chamber mencapai minus atau dibawah 0ºC, suhu kondensor mencapai 35ºC. Pada proses pengeringan yang tidak menggunakan pemanasan kondensor maka waktu terselesaikannya proses sublimasi selama 13 jam dan didapatkan nilai LOD sebesar ± 98,6 % sedangkan pada proses pengeringan yang menggunakan pemanasan condenser maka waktunya menjadi 6,5 hingga 7 jam dan didapatkan nilai LOD sebesar ± 95,6 %.
Katakunci: aloevera, freeze drying, vacuum freeze
Analisis Investasi dan Penetapan Harga Jual Rumah Berbasis Hibrid Markup - Internal Rate of Return
Authors: Widodo Jojok 
Published: October 2023

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk dari tahun ke tahun dapat mempengaruhi permintaan rumah tinggal oleh konsumen. Hal ini menjadi kesempatan bagi investor untuk melakukan bisnis investasi pada proyek konstruksi pembangunan perumahan. Namun di sisi lain banyak investor yang mengalami kerugian dari bisnis ini akibat kesalahan dalam menentukan nilai jual produk. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang penetapan harga jual produk dan analisa kelayakan investasinya. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode hybrid mark-up dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Mark-up digunakan untuk menentukan nilai jual produk rumah melalui analisa Cost Plus Pricing, sedangkan analisa investasi atas penetapan harga tersebut menggunakan IRR. Analisa ini diimplementasikan pada kasus penelitian yaitu Perumahan Cempaka Village agar menghasilkan analisa yang riil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode mark-up menggunakan cost plus pricing dapat diterapkan untuk menentukan harga jual produk pada perumahan tersebut agar mendapatkan keuntungan yang layak. Nilai mark-up yang menghasilkan keuntungan yang layak adalah 40% dan menghasilkan harga jual per tipe 24/60, 47/72 dan 50/72 adalah Rp 143.550.159, Rp 234.406.509 dan Rp 277.720.507. Dampak dari penetapan harga tersebut menghasilkan sejumlah arus kas yang dapat dianalisa menggunakan IRR untuk menentukan kelayakan atas investasi tersebut. Hasil analisa investasi tersebut adalah nilai NPV Rp 1.688.203.568, IRR 13,82% dan PP hampir 12 bulan. Penelitian ini juga menghasilkan persamaan regresi linier yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai IRR berdasarkan nilai mark-up yang ditetapkan. Persamaan regresi linier yang dihasilkan adalah dengan nilai pengaruh mark-up terhadap IRR sebesar 92%.
PENURUNAN NOISE FIGURE PERFORMANCE (FN) PADA HBT SI / SI 1-X GEX BERDASARKAN PENGATURAN STRIPE EMITER AREA (AE) DAN FRACTION MOLE (X).
Authors: Alamsyah Tossin , Hartanto Djoko , Poespawati NR 
Published: October 2023

Paper ini membahas pengaruh perubahan stripe emiter area (Ae) dan fraction mole (x) terhadap unjuk
kerja HBT SiGe antara lain Resistensi parasitis RB dan RC, fT, fmaks, current gain (β) serta noise figure
(Fn,), model dikembangkan dari HBT SiGe IBM generasi kedua dengan Ae 0,1810 m2. Saat Ae
diturunkan menjadi Ae 0,1210 m2 dan Ae 0,0910 m2 dan fraction mole (x) dinaikkan menjadi dua
kali (2) maka parameter RB, dan β mempunyai relasi positif sedangkan RC , fT, fmaks negatif terhadap
perubahan tersebut. Model HBT SiGe dengan x: 0.1 dan Ae:0,1810 m2 mempunyai nilai Fn minimum
terendah dibanding dengan Ae 0,1210 m2 dan 0.0910 m2 yaitu 0.57 dB , 0.64 dB, 0.69 dB. Jika
nilai fraction mole (x) diturunkan 50% , menyebabkan kenaikkan Fn yang tidak linier yaitu 77%, 79%
dan 89% dari nilai semula. Relasi noise figure (Fn) dengan stripe emiter area (Ae) dan fraction mole (x)
diekspresikan dengan relasi berikut ; F k A x n e. 0  , jadi noise figure (Fn) dapat diperkecil
dengan memperarea stripe emiter area (Ae) dan menaikkan fraction mole (x).
Kata kunci : Noise Figure (Fn), stripe emiter area (Ae), fraction mole (x), SiGe HBT

ABSTRAK
Paper ini membahas pengaruh perubahan stripe emiter area (Ae) dan fraction mole (x) terhadap unjuk
kerja HBT SiGe antara lain Resistensi parasitis RB dan RC, fT, fmaks, current gain (β) serta noise figure
(Fn,), model dikembangkan dari HBT SiGe IBM generasi kedua dengan Ae 0,1810 m2. Saat Ae
diturunkan menjadi Ae 0,1210 m2 dan Ae 0,0910 m2 dan fraction mole (x) dinaikkan menjadi dua
kali (2) maka parameter RB, dan β mempunyai relasi positif sedangkan RC , fT, fmaks negatif terhadap
perubahan tersebut. Model HBT SiGe dengan x: 0.1 dan Ae:0,1810 m2 mempunyai nilai Fn minimum
terendah dibanding dengan Ae 0,1210 m2 dan 0.0910 m2 yaitu 0.57 dB , 0.64 dB, 0.69 dB. Jika
nilai fraction mole (x) diturunkan 50% , menyebabkan kenaikkan Fn yang tidak linier yaitu 77%, 79%
dan 89% dari nilai semula. Relasi noise figure (Fn) dengan stripe emiter area (Ae) dan fraction mole (x)
diekspresikan dengan relasi berikut ; F k A x n e. 0  , jadi noise figure (Fn) dapat diperkecil
dengan memperarea stripe emiter area (Ae) dan menaikkan fraction mole (x).
Kata kunci : Noise Figure (Fn), stripe emiter area (Ae), fraction mole (x), SiGe HBT
Pengaruh Tinggi Pasir Terhadap Penentuan Nilai Permeabilitas Pasir
Authors: RG Dewi Chandra RG, Dadang Mh B , Mh B Dadang 
Published: October 2023

A mold with sand casting consists activities such as placing a pattern in the sand to form the cavity, making the canal system, filling the cavity with molten metal which is still able to be solidified, dismantle mold casting product containing and cleaning castings. Until now, the sand mold casting process is still the first choice of foundry industries especially for small industries, the products are widely used for cylinder blocks and drain pipes, the quality of the casting is influenced by permeability. Permeability is the measure of whether a medium pore easily passed by the fluid. Permeability of the sand indicates the ability of sand in the water escape. The structure and texture as well as other organic elements took part in raising the rate of permeability of the sand. The sand with high permeability increase infiltration rate and thus, reduce the rate of water flow. In making this sand permeability test equipment used design concept consisting U. Tube Manometers Instrument Stand Pipe compactor, speciment Holder, Flowmeter, Air Pressure Regulator, Frame, Hose Connector, Hose Connector to the compressor, the air volume of 2000 liters given, test results showed that the greater height of the sand the greater the value of permeability. Any additional height by 1 cm sand, will increase the value of permeability of sand around 0.04 until 0.0693.
Keyword: Value of Permeability of Sand

Abstrak
Cetakan dengan pengecoran pasir melibatkan kegiatan seperti menempatkan pola dalam kumpulan pasir untuk membentuk rongga cetak, membuat sistem saluran, mengisi rongga dengan pencetakan logam cair, yang memungkinkan logam cair untuk membekukan, membongkar cetakan pengecoran produk yang mengandung dan pembersihan coran. Sampai saat ini, proses pengecoran cetakan pasir masih merupakan andalan industri pengecoran terutama industri kecil, produk yang banyak digunakan untuk blok silinder dan pipa saluran, kualitas pengecoran dipengaruhi oleh permeabilitas. Permeabilitas adalah ukuran pori-pori media apakah mudah dilewati oleh fluida. Permeabilitas pasir menunjukkan kemampuan pasir di air keluar. Struktur dan tekstur serta unsur organik lainnya ikut ambil bagian dalam menaikkan laju permeabilitas pasir. Pasir dengan kenaikan permeabilitas laju infiltrasi yang tinggi dan dengan demikian, mengurangi laju aliran air. Dalam pembuatan alat uji permeabilitas pasir menggunakan konsep desain yang terdiri U. Tube manometer Stand Instrumen pemadat Pipa, spesimen Holder, flowmeter, Air Regulator Tekanan, Frame, Hose Connector, Hose Konektor ke kompresor, volume udara tahun 2000 liter yang diberikan, hasil tes menunjukkan bahwa tinggi lebih besar dari pasir besar nilai permeabilitas. Setiap ketinggian tambahan dengan pasir 1 cm, akan meningkatkan nilai permeabilitas pasir sekitar 0,04 sampai 0,0693.
Kata Kunci: Nilai Permeabilitas Pasir
Relato de caso: Reabilitação à vítima de trauma raquimedular relacionada a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem em Araguaína/Tocantins
Authors: Sousa Amanda Brandão de , Silva Amanda Kêmilly Almeida da , Silva Karina Maria Mesquita , Gener Miguel Emílio Sarmiento 
Published: October 2023

A Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem (SAE) se faz necessária para melhor assistência prestada pelo profissional, por meio do conhecimento teórico (cientifico-clínico) e as ações desenvolvidas, possibilitando uma troca de informações sobre a condição do paciente com os demais profissionais para uma intervenção unificada. É direito de todos ter dignidade e independência em suas vidas, sendo a reabilitação a peça fulcral na reintegração social, recuperação e saúde física, mental, e geral. Objetivou-se relatar a experiência de vítima de Trauma Raquimedular (TRM) sob utilização da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem no serviço de reabilitação. O escopo deste trabalho deu-se por um relato de caso e revisão bibliográfica de cunho exploratória descritiva, com método e técnicas qualitativas. Foi usado questionário composto por 19 perguntas, confeccionado e validado pelos autores segundo o tema delineado e respondido pelo pesquisado para obter as informações necessárias. Como parecer final desta pesquisa, salientou-se o protagonismo e imprescindível atuação da enfermagem como integrante da equipe multiprofissional diante uma vítima de TRM, em que se emprega as gestões processuais e assistencial em consonância ao raciocínio clínico sustentados pela cientificidade da Sistematização conferida em legislação vigente, a fim de proporcionar recuperação holística e efetiva.
Effect of insomnia on severity of condition and quality of life of patients with disabilities
Authors: Akavov A. N. , Korabel'nikova E. A. , Baranov M. L. , Dzhangil'din Yu. T. , Gadzhieva U. Kh. 
Published: October 2023

Aim. To study the effect of insomnia on the severity of the condition and quality of life in patients with disabilities.Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2019 to 2022, in which 100 patients participated. As a clinical model of persons with disabilities, patients who suffered cerebrovascular accidents were selected. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group – 50 patients who had suffered acute cerebrovascular accident and suffered from insomnia, and the comparison group – 50 patients who had suffered acute cerebrovascular accident, without concomitant insomnia. All patients were examined by the Rankin Scale, sleep quality questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire and Insomnia Severity Scale) and the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire.Results and conclusions. The study made it possible to prove the influence of insomnia on the severity of patients' condition and their quality of life. This indicates the relevance of the detection and correction of sleep disorders in the complex treatment of patients with disabilities who have suffered acute cerebrovascular accident, which can increase the effectiveness of therapy for this category of patients.
Association between course of multiple sclerosis and polymorphisms of calcitriol receptor gene VDR FokI (rs2228570), BSMI (rs1544410), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232)
Authors: Lunev K. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. To evaluate the relationship between the frequency of exacerbations and the rate of progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) and polymorphisms of the calcitriol receptor gene VDR FokI (rs2228570), BSMI (rs1544410), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232).Material and methods. Ninety patients with relapsing-remitting MS took part in the study. All patients are Caucasians, were born and lived in the Altai region of the Russian Federation. Genotyping was performed by TaqMan probes.Results. A protective effect of the TT genotype VDR FokI (rs2228570) on the risk of increasing disability of more than 0.75 points per year according to the expanded disability scale was found (p = 0.034). The protective effect of the TT genotype of the TaqI polymorphism (rs731236) on exacerbations of MS more than once a year (p = 0.041) was also revealed. Associations of the MS course with other studied polymorphisms were not found.Conclusions. It can be assumed that the VDR FokI (rs2228570) and TaqI (rs731236) polymorphisms may influence the course of relapsing-remitting MS. The mechanisms of these influences may include the modulation of immune-inflammatory responses in the central nervous system, which are a key link in the MS pathogenesis.
Vincristine‑induced peripheral neuropathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Clinical and instrumental characteristics, search for new solutions
Authors: Koryakina O. V. , Kovtun O. P. , Mikhailovskaia S. I. , Rezaykin A. V. , Lebedev I. A. , Zakharchuk E. V. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. To evaluate clinical and electroneuromyographic characteristics of vincristine polyneuropathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Materials and methods. A single-centre prospective cohort study involved 106 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, aged 3 to 17 years, with vincristine polyneuropathy; clinical and electroneuromyographic data were analyzed.Results. In the majority of cases, 84.9 % (n = 90) of patients, vincristine polyneuropathy debuted during the induction phase of chemotherapy. The clinical picture was dominated by combined neurological disorders in 67.9 % (n = 72) cases, with sensory and motor disorders dominating. Sensory dysfunction was manifested predominantly by pain in the lower extremities, changes in the motor sphere were characterized by the development of distal paresis of the lower extremities. In 66.0 % (n = 70) of patients, neurological disorders corresponded to the 2nd degree of severity according to the toxicity scale (NCI-STAE). According to the ENMG study, all children had motor axonal neuropathy of the peroneal nerves.Conclusions. The results of the study showed that the clinical picture of vincristine polyneuropathy is accompanied by sensory and motor symptoms. Currently, a complex of clinical and instrumental methods is used to verify the neurotoxic complication. The main objective method of diagnosis is an electroneuromyographic study. However, its capabilities are limited for determining the clinical manifestations associated with sensory disorders.
Clinical characteristics of vertigo in elderly patients with chronic brain ischemia after SARS‑CoV‑2 coronavirus infection
Authors: Chichanovskaya L. V. , Slyusar T. A. , Abramenko Yu. V. , Nekrasova T. M. 
Published: October 2023

Objective. To study the structure and clinical features of vertigo in elderly patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) who underwent a new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection.Materials and methods. Clinical characteristics of vertigo were determined in 98 patients (48 men and 50 women aged 60–75 years) with CCI caused by arterial hypertension and its combination with atherosclerosis. The type and main characteristics of dizziness were determined using diagnostic criteria and an algorithm for examining patients. The level of anxiety was determined using the scale of Spielberger, depression – the Beck questionnaire.Results. Dizziness in elderly patients with CCI was characterized by clinical heterogeneity with a predominance of non-systemic vertigo and systemic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the structure of vertigo. Elderly patients with CCI who underwent a new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection were more likely to have psychogenic and systemic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, increased levels of anxiety and depression.
Association of mean arterial pressure with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the NAGALA study
Authors: Li Xinghui , Yang Huijian , Xie Guobo , Kuang Maobin , Sheng Guotai , Zou Yang 
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveSeveral recent reports have suggested the use of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) to assess/predict the risk of developing atherosclerosis, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and poor prognosis in a variety of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the association of MAP with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the differences in this association across populations.MethodsThis study used data from the NAGALA study from 1994 to 2016. MAP was calculated as 1/3 systolic blood pressure (SBP) + 2/3 diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and logistic regression models were used to examine the correlation of MAP with NAFLD.ResultsThe study population was 14,251 general people undergoing health screening, with a median (interquartile range) age of 42 (36–50) years; among them, 48% were women, and 2,507 (17.59%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. After fully controlling for confounders in the current dataset, MAP was positively and non-linearly associated with NAFLD [(odds ratios (ORs): 1.39, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.15, 1.68); P for non-linearity = 0.024]; the dose-response curve showed that there was a transient saturation effect interval when MAP was between 85 and 95 mmHg, where the risk of NAFLD was neither increased nor decreased. The results of the stratified analysis showed that the risk of NAFLD associated with MAP appeared to be influenced only by age (P-interaction = 0.002), but not by sex, body mass index (BMI), habits of exercise, drinking status, or smoking status (P-interaction &gt; 0.05); further age-stratified RCS analysis showed that the non-linear association between MAP and NAFLD in the young and middle-aged and the middle-aged and elderly populations was consistent with the results of the whole population, whereas, in the elderly population, a U-shaped curve association between MAP and NAFLD was observed, with both low and high MAP increasing the risk of NAFLD.ConclusionIn the general population, MAP was positively and non-linearly associated with NAFLD, and this association only differed significantly by age, but not by sex, BMI, habits of exercise, drinking status, and smoking status.
Association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and risk of in-hospital heart failure and arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Jia-li , Yang Rui , Zhu Yi , Shao Yan , Ji Yuan , Wang Fang-fang 
Published: October 2023

BackgroundThis study was to probe into the relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and both in-hospital and long-term heart failure risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods990 patients with AMI, including 386 with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 604 with segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were recruited between January 2019 and March 2022. The in-hospital acute heart failure (AHF) and arrhythmia events were recorded.ResultsThe NLR was significantly greater in the AHF group in STEMI and NSTEMI patients, with a higher frequency of arrhythmia in comparison to the non-AHF group. A high NLR was related to a high level of myocardial injury markers, accompanied with more AHF and arrhythmia events. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that high NLR is independently linked with increased in-hospital AHF and arrhythmia risk. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that the prognostic value of NLR for in-hospital AHF was 0.704 in STEMI patients and 0.766 in NSTEMI patients. However, during a median follow-up of 28 months with 32 heart failure patients, there was no significant difference between the low NLR group (n = 18) and the high NLR group (n = 14). Further analysis showed that the two groups did not significantly differ in the occurrence of heart failure within 12 months of discharge.ConclusionOur results indicate that NLR is an independent risk factor of in-hospital AHF in AMI patients. However, NLR has no value in predicting long-term heart failure.