bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1. ORGANOID DEVELOPMENT IN COLORECTAL CANCER: NEW MODELS FOR PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
Authors: Abad Moret R , Díaz Serrano E , Suárez Enríquez A B , Díaz San Andrés B , Castillo Marcos C , Córdoba L , Fondevila Campo C , Cantero Cid R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite the great advances in recent decades in identifying mechanisms related to tumor progression and resistance to treatment, there are still no safe and effective therapies to treat colorectal cancer (the most common neoplasm in Spain). Organoid models represent a highly promising tool for studying this pathology since they recapitulate, with great precision, the structure and functionality of the original organ.

Methods
At our center, we have generated an extensive collection of human intestinal organoids, including rectum and colon, from biopsies of healthy tissue and tumor tissue from 72 colorectal cancer patients.
For the generation of these models, two different approaches were employed: 1. Organoid generation from intestinal crypts embedded in extracellular matrix droplets; 2. Air-liquid interface (ALI) culture that allows recreating the native microenvironment of the tumor while excluding endogenous infiltrating immune cell populations.

Results
These organoid collections have been highly characterized, confirming that they retain the molecular, structural, and functional characteristics of their tissues of origin. We present the different findings and their correlation.

Conclusion
The technology developed by our research group serves as a tool of great translational value for studying response/resistance mechanisms to current colorectal cancer treatments. Additionally, it serves as a predictive model for drug response, playing a crucial role in defining the efficacy of personalized antineoplastic treatments for each patient and advancing the development of personalized therapies against colorectal cancer.
12. EFFECT OF CETUXIMAB ON LIVER REGENERATION AND COLORECTAL CANCER HEPATIC METASTASIS PROGRESSION IN A MURINE MODEL OF SELECTIVE PORTAL LIGATION
Authors: Tirado-Rodríguez G , Novo I , Rose S , Iturrizaga Correcher S , García Ruiz de Gordejuela A , Ruiz Montesinos I , García-Alonso I , Herrero de la Parte B 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The preferred treatment for patients bearing liver metastases (CRCLM) quite often includes biologic therapies such as cetuximab (anti-EGFR). The aim of this piece of work was to evaluate the effect of cetuximab as a cytoreductive agent for CRCLM in a murine model of selective portal ligation (PVL).

Methods
Male WAG/RijHsd rats were used in this study; thirty MHCCR-bearing animals were subjected to PVL and pretreated with cetuximab (12) or vehicle (12), and another six did not receive any treatment. In addition, another three groups of six animals were included in the study as control: untreated CRCLM-bearing animals, healthy animals subjected to PVL, healthy non-operated animals. Seven days after PVL, the percentage of remaining liver volume (%FRL) and hepatocyte nuclear area were assessed. Serum markers of hepatic, renal and systemic damage were also determined. Tumor volume was assessed by ultrasound, pre- and post-PVL.

Results
Liver regeneration was not substantially altered due to cetuximab treatment, attaining a %FRL between 80-90%; although the area occupied by hepatocyte nuclei was 5% smaller than in the animals of the vehicle group (43.54±9.87 vs. 45.35±9.09μm2; p&lt;0.001). Liver function was also not altered; whereas glucose level was reduced following PVL. Cetuximab reduced tumor growth associated with post-PVL regenerative stimulation (1.12±0.45 vs. 0.53±0.16 ml; p&lt;0.01).

Conclusion
These results suggest that neoadjuvant cetuximab treatment, prior to PVL, is a clinically safe option, not impairing liver regeneration, while blocking tumor progression associated with proliferative hepatic stimulus.
13. KONO-S TYPE ANASTOMOSIS VS LATERO-LATERAL ANASTOMOSIS IN CROHN'S DISEASE: CASE-SERIES REVIEW
Authors: Quinto Llopis S , Sánchez Guillén L , López de Lerma Martínez de Carneros C , Alcaide Quirós M J , López-Rodríguez Arias F , Sánchez Romero A M , Serrano Navidad M , Arroyo Sebastián A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Up to 80% of patients with Crohn's disease will require surgical treatment in their lifetime. Furthermore, given the high rate of disease recurrence at the site of the anastomosis, many of these patients will require more than one surgery.
In 2003, Kono et al. described the KONO-S anastomosis (KSA) as a surgical option to reduce recurrences. At present, there are still no studies that allow us to affirm, with certainty, this theory.

Methods
A retrospective study was performed reviewing the anastomoses performed in patients with ileocolic Crohn's disease from June 2018 to October 2022.

Results
A total of 15 patients were analyzed. All patients underwent scheduled surgery. The type of anastomosis was KONO-S type in 33.3% (5) and latero-lateral type in 66.7% (10). The approach was laparoscopic in 86.7% (13). In 60% (9) surgery was indicated for stenosing disease.
During the follow-up period, 26.7% (4) presented Clavien Dindo III or IV complications. After hospital discharge, 46.7% (7) of patients presented disease recurrence (either clinical or through imaging), with a recurrence rate of 60% and 20%, respectively, in patients with latero-lateral anastomosis compared to KSA.

Conclusion
KONO-S type anastomosis (KSA) is a type of anastomosis that could reduce recurrences of Crohn's disease. However, more studies with a larger sample size are needed to evaluate this claim.
19. USE OF FERROMAGNETIC SEED SIRIUS PINTUITION® ON THE LOCALIZATION OF NON-PALPABLE TUMORS: PILOT STUDY
Authors: Santana Valenciano A , Rivas Fidalgo S , Corral Moreno S , Gamero Medina V , Pérez Izquierdo C B , Nieto Martos M R , Mena Mateos A , Cabañas Montero L J , Fernández Cebrián J M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The ferromagnetic seed Sirius Pintuition® is a new technique for the localization of non-palpable tumors. It has several advantages compared to the wire: higher precision of the surgical incision and more comfort for the patient, given the possibility to implant it several days before the surgery.

Methods
To analyze the surgical results after excision of non-palpable breast tumors or axillary lymph nodes guided by ferromagnetic seed between December 2022 and April 2023.

Results
Forty-eight patients were included: 46 breast conservative surgeries and 2 axillary lymph nodes excisions, with women being the majority (46; 95,8%), with a median age of 63,5 (53,75-69). Most of them presented breast tumors (46): invasive ductal carcinoma (25;54,3%), followed by invasive lobulillar carcinoma (5;10,9%). Most frequent localization on the breast was upper external quadrant (19;41,3%), presenting mostly as nodule (35;72,9%) or microcalcifications (8;16,7%). The median size of the tumor was 14,50 mm (10-23). Most seeds were implanted guided by ultrasonography (44; 91,7%). One seed was implanted in 41 patients (85,4%) and 2 seeds in 7 (14,6%), with a median time to surgery of 3 days (1,25-6,75). During surgery a total 5 seeds were accidentally mobilized (10,4%). In 1 patient the resection margins were affected and in 14 the margin was less than 1 mm from the lesion. Eight patients needed re-resection of surgical margins.

Conclusion
The ferromagnetic seed Sirius Pintuition® demonstrated its efficacy in localizing and adequate resection of the lesions. Additionally, it allowed more logistic flexibility thanks to the possibility of implantation several days before surgery.
22. MINIMALLY INVASIVE TREATMENT OF PILONIDAL SINUS: A SINGLE-CENTER COHORT STUDY ON SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES
Authors: Chirivella Fernández A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Pilonidal sinus is a benign condition that causes infections and abscesses in the intergluteal area, but its physiological explanation is still unclear. There are various surgical techniques to treat it, such as excision with marsupialization, primary closure, and endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSiT).

Methods
Forty-six patients between 13 and 23 years of age, who underwent surgery for pilonidal sinus between 01/01/2020 and 31/12/2022, were analyzed. Three techniques were performed: marsupialization, primary closure, and EPSiT by different surgeons in the same hospital complex. A p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered significant.

Results
Significant differences were observed in terms of gender, with a predominance of males, and in the number of interventions performed.
Regarding postoperative results, significant differences were found in bleeding and hematoma formation. Bleeding was greater in the EPSiT group, although hematoma was significantly lower. Furthermore, differences were found in the patient's follow-up time and attendance at healthcare centers for dressing changes. No significant differences were found in other analyzed variables.

Conclusion
The peak incidence of pilonidal sinus is typically estimated during the second decade of life, with a predominant occurrence in males. The maximum recurrence occurs within the first three years after the intervention. This study suggests that EPSiT offers significant advantages by reducing the risk of hematoma and, therefore, wound infection compared to classical techniques. However, we rely on retrospective data from a new technique, with a learning curve and limited follow-up. Additionally, the sample size is limited. Further research with longer follow-up is needed.
Adapting to climate change in char land: investigating community-led initiatives in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M Rezaul , Ahmad Ifzal , Khan Kanamik K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to comprehensively examine the types of climate change, including its magnitudes, and impacts, and to assess the various community-led initiatives implemented in response to these challenges. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing structured face-to-face interviews to collect data from 196 household heads in two disaster-affected char land communities, namely Shibchar Upazila in Madaripur District and Zanjira Upazila in Shariatpur District, Bangladesh. The results unveiled the prevalence of frequent hazards such as river erosion, floods, cyclones, and thunderstorms, with river erosion being the most severe. Notably, a significant proportion of respondents (ranging from 80 to 95 percent) indicated that government, non-governmental organizations, and local communities had not adequately undertaken initiatives to address these issues. Furthermore, a noteworthy portion of participants expressed negative sentiments concerning current community affairs and the quality of services provided. The findings of this study hold valuable implications for policy-making, development initiatives, and disaster management strategies within char land communities.
Beta rebound reduces subsequent movement preparation time by modulating of GABAA inhibition
Authors: Zhang Xiangzi , Wang Houmin , Guo Yaqiu , Long Jinyi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Post-movement beta synchronization is an increase of beta power relative to baseline, which commonly used to represent the status quo of the motor system. However, its functional role to the subsequent voluntary motor output and potential electrophysiological significance remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the reaction time of a Go/No-Go task of index finger tapping which performed at the phases of power baseline and post-movement beta synchronization peak induced by index finger abduction movements at different speeds (ballistic/self-paced) in 13 healthy subjects. We found a correlation between the post-movement beta synchronization and reaction time that larger post-movement beta synchronization prolonged the reaction time during Go trials. To probe the electrophysiological significance of post-movement beta synchronization, we assessed intracortical inhibitory measures probably involving GABAB (long-interval intracortical inhibition) and GABAA (short-interval intracortical inhibition) receptors in beta baseline and post-movement beta synchronization peak induced by index finger abduction movements at different speeds. We found that short-interval intracortical inhibition but not long-interval intracortical inhibition increased in post-movement beta synchronization peak compared with that in the power baseline, and was negatively correlated with the change of post-movement beta synchronization peak value. These novel findings indicate that the post-movement beta synchronization is related to forward model updating, with high beta rebound predicting longer time for the preparation of subsequent movement by inhibitory neural pathways of GABAA.
High cervical anastomosis reduces leakage-related complications after a McKeown esophagectomy
Authors: Chen Chunji , Ding Chengzhi , He Yi , Guo Xufeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Anastomotic leak (AL) is one of the most serious complications after oesophageal cancer surgery. A high cervical anastomosis using a narrow gastric tube based on optimized procedures has the potential to reduce the AL after a McKeown oesophagectomy.

METHODS
A narrow gastric tube was defined as 2–2.5 cm in diameter. Meanwhile, we defined a high anastomosis (HA) and a normal anastomosis (NA) based on the position of the intraoperative cervical anastomosis above or below the level of the inferior thyroid artery, respectively. A total of 533 patients who had a McKeown oesophagectomy from March 2018 to March 2023 were included in this study, including 281 patients in the NA group and 252 patients in the HA group. Potential confounding factors in baseline characteristics were balanced by propensity score matching.

RESULTS
After matching, 190 patients remained in both groups. When comparing the pathological and surgical results, we found that more lymph nodes, both in total number (21.1 ± 10.0 vs 15.8 ± 7.7, P = 0.001) and thoracic part (13.5 ± 7.8 vs10.8 ± 6.1, P = 0.005), were harvested from the HA group . The pathological T and TNM stages of patients in the HA group were earlier than those in the NA group (P = 0.001). Overall postoperative complications (P = 0.001), including pulmonary infection (P = 0.001), AL (P &lt; 0.001), leakage-related pyothorax (P &lt; 0.001), recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (P = 0.031) and pleural effusion (P &lt; 0.001), were all significantly lower in the HA group. Finally, multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that HA was an independent protective factor for AL (odds ratio = 0.331, 95% confidence interval: 0.166–0.658; P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS
For patients undergoing a McKeown oesophagectomy, a high cervical anastomosis using a narrow gastric tube can effectively reduce leakage-related complications.
Beyond validation: getting wearable activity trackers into cardiovascular care—a discussion paper
Authors: Straiton Nicola , Moons Philip , Verstrael Axel , Liu Mark , Winter Michiel M 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the challenge of integrating wearable activity trackers (WATs) into cardiovascular disease care. Despite evidence supporting the use of trackers for monitoring and promoting physical activity, implementation challenges persist in clinical settings. The paper emphasizes the lack of systematic, evidence-based implementation approaches for integrating trackers. It underscores the urgent need for stakeholder collaboration between clinicians, patients, implementation scientists, researchers, health and technology partners, and the use of proven implementation science methodologies. This is crucial for bridging the gap and ensuring effective translation of WATs into cardiovascular care, meeting the increasing demand from patients and clinicians.
Healthy eating encouragement and socio-demographic factors associated with cognitive development among pre-schoolers: a cross-sectional evaluation in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Prakash , Budhathoki Chitra Bahadur , Devkota Bhimsen , Singh Jitendra Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Cognitive development in pre-schoolers through healthy eating and socio-demographic support is crucial for their later lives. We investigated healthy eating encouragement, socio-demographic factors and their association with cognitive development in pre-schoolers.

Methods
Quantitative data were collected using a multi-stage random sampling between February and April 2021. Pre-schoolers 36 and 71 months and their primary caregivers were recruited from three local government units of Rupandehi district. We compared healthy eating encouragement, socioeconomic and demographic factors with cognitive development using t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis to identify the predictors of the cognitive development among pre-schoolers.

Results
Cognitive development in pre-schoolers is significantly positively associated with age 36–48 months (β = 0.153; 95% CI: 0.12, 13.96), living in a nuclear family (β = 0.121; 95% CI: 0.59, 6.88) and following Buddhism (β = 0.148; 95% CI: 0.88, 14.32). Conversely, children from specific caste/ethnic backgrounds, such as Dalit (β = −0.126; 95% CI: −10.79, −0.68), Janajati (β = −0.237; 95% CI: −6.14, −2.09) and non-Dalit Tarai caste or ethnicity (β = −0.133; 95% CI: −3.46, −0.25) and mothers employed (β = −0.134; 95% CI: −10.62, −1.44) show significantly lower levels of cognitive development.

Conclusions
The finding shows that socioeconomic factors have an influence on cognitive development and also stimulate the adoption of healthy eating encouragement practices.
Brexit and the Legal Legitimacy of the Unitary Patent Court
Authors: Binctin Nicolas , Nard Craig A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
At no time in recent history has it been more exciting to be a student of European patent law. Over the past ten years Europe has sought to create and restructure a significant portion of its patent law apparatus, including the introduction of a ‘Unitary Patent’ (‘UP’) that has effect in 17 European Union Member States (and counting), and the creation of a Unitary Patent Court (‘UPC’) that entered into force on 1 June 2023. The compelling policies underlying these dramatic changes are well documented, including enhanced uniformity, cost reductions, and other efficiencies. Indeed, the European patent system is poised to welcome international patent actors with a well-thought-out procedural regime.
Yet all good policies must be supported by a legitimate legal foundation. The United Kingdom’s highly publicized and often dramatic departure from the EU has reverberated throughout the European establishment, affecting issues relating to the economy, trade, immigration, labor, and Northern Ireland, to name just some of the most obvious. Perhaps what is not so evident, however, is the adverse legal effect that Brexit has had on the UPC, to such an extent that we are dubious about the court’s legitimacy. Make no mistake, even if we prefer a fully integrated EU solution, we support the creation of UPC and the entire unitary initiative. However, in this paper we argue that it must be done in a manner that is legally principled, which requires an amended and re-ratified Unitary Patent Court Agreement.
The defence of northern Europe: new opportunities, significant challenges
Authors: Friis Karsten , Tamnes Rolf 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With Finland and Sweden joining NATO, the Nordics will be united for the first time in a military alliance encompassing not only northern Europe but also the broader transatlantic region. It will eventually fortify northern European security, but several obstacles must be overcome first. NATO has done a formidable job since 2014 in updating its defence plans, cumulating in the Deterrence and Defence of the Euro-Atlantic Area (DDA) family of plans approved in Vilnius 2023. Now Finland and Sweden need to be incorporated into these plans. A more challenging task is to implement NATO's New Force Model which is tremendously ambitious. Finland and Sweden's contributions will be important, but new investments must be made. NATO's Command Structure is yet to be fully reformed and fitted to the DDA. Joint Force Command Norfolk must urgently be staffed, without undue politicization in NATO. Nordic defence buildup can draw on regional cooperation in particular in five areas: in strengthening the area's command design through functional double-hatted headquarters; developing close air power cooperation through e.g. a Combined Joint Air Operations Centre; strengthening total defence cooperation across borders and expanding logistical infrastructure; establishing joint intelligence task forces; and joint training and exercises. The contributions of the United States and United Kingdom are indispensable when it comes to upholding the alliance's guarantee in northern Europe. The recent signing of Defense Cooperation Agreements between the US and the Nordics reinforces this—together with an increased presence of air and naval assets in the region. The same applies to the UK and the Joint Expeditionary Force which now has shifted its focus towards northern Europe. This engagement is a crucial addition to Nordic and NATO plans and activities in a period when growth in Nordic defence structures is occurring at a relatively slow pace.
Why so many polyploids? Accounting for environmental stochasticity in unreduced gamete formation lowers the perceived barriers to polyploid establishment
Authors: Gerstner Benjamin P , Wearing Helen J , Whitney Kenneth D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
While polyploids are common in nature, existing models suggest that polyploid establishment should be difficult and rare. We explore this apparent paradox by focussing on the role of unreduced gametes, as their union is the main route for the formation of neopolyploids. Production of such gametes is affected by genetic and environmental factors, resulting in variation in the formation rate of unreduced gametes (u). Once formed, neopolyploids face minority cytotype exclusion (MCE) due to a lack of viable mating opportunities. More than a dozen theoretical models have explored factors that could permit neopolyploids to overcome MCE and become established. Until now, however, none have explored variability in u and its consequences for the rate of polyploid establishment. Here, we determine the distribution that best fits the available empirical data on u. We perform a global sensitivity analysis exploring the consequences of using empirical distributions of u to investigate effects on polyploid establishment. We determined that in many cases, u is best fit by a log-normal distribution. We found environmental stochasticity in u dramatically impacts model predictions when compared to a static u. Our results help reconcile previous modelling results suggesting high barriers to the polyploid establishment with the observation that polyploids are common in nature.