bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assertion connotation of Carcinoembryonic Antigen a complex glycoprotein in colorectal cancer
Authors: Younis Mohd 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a large glycoprotein that regulates intercellular adhesion and is most widely used molecular biomarker for the diagnosis and evaluation of CRC globally.
Aim: In the present study we aimed to evaluate CEA serum expression patterns in CRC patients among the South Indian population.
Method:A total of 130 individuals with colorectal cancer (n=65) and healthy controls (n=65) were evaluated by analyzing the concerted and individual effects of the tumor biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen by standard protocol.
Result: The overall CEA levels were significantly (p-value <0.001) higher in CRC patients i.e., 9.30±3.20 ng/ml than in the controls (2.83±0.57ng/ml). The mean level of CEA in Dukes stages A (7.36±1.98ng/ml) was significantly different from Duke stage D (11.75±2.05ng/ml). Exploring the smoking and alcohol found significant (<0.0001) associated with the risk of CRC OR: 5.83, 95% CI: [2.63-12.93] & OR: 6.36, 95% CI: [2.93-13.79] respectively. The experimental subjects with smoke and alcohol consumption have significantly increased mean levels of CEA (9.42±3.27), and (9.21±3.26) respectively.
Conclusion: We conclude that overall CEA levels were high in CRC patients in contrast to healthy controls. Also, smoking and alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of CRC.
Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis to Decipher the Contribution of Bisphenol-A in Cervical Cancer
Authors: G Nadeem Khan , Adiga Divya , Rai Padmalatha S , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical widely used as a monomer for producing polycarbonate plastics. The present investigation employed an in-silico approach to identify BPA-responsive genes and comprehend the biological functions affected using in vitro studies. A Comparative Toxicogenomics Database search identified 29 BPA-responsive genes in cervical cancer (CC). Twenty-nine genes were screened using published datasets, and thirteen of those showed differential expression between normal and CC samples. Protein-Protein Interaction Networks (PPIN) analysis identified BIRC5, CASP8, CCND1, EGFR, FGFR3, MTOR, VEGFA, DOC2B, WNT5A, and YY1 as hub genes. KM-based survival analysis identified that CCND, EGFR, VEGFA, FGFR3, DOC2B, and YY1 might affect CC patient survival. SiHa and CaSki cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were all considerably accelerated by BPA exposure. Changes in cell morphology, remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton, increased number and length of filopodia, elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species and calcium, and lipid droplet accumulation were noted upon BPA exposure. BPA treatment upregulated the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway members and enhanced the nuclear translocation of CTNNB1. We showed that the enhanced migration and nuclear translocation of CTNNB1 upon BPA exposure is a calcium-dependent process. The present study identified potential BPA-responsive genes and provided novel insights into the biological effects and mechanisms affected by BPA in CC. Our study raises concern over the use of BPA.
In situ hybridization analysis of the expression of class I and II odorant receptors in the olfactory organ of the African spurred tortoise (Centrochelys sulcata)
Authors: Nakamuta Shoko , Zhang Zicong , Nikaido Masato , Noda Hideki , Yokoyama Takuya , Yamamoto Yoshio , Nakamuta Nobuaki 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In this study, in situ hybridization was used to determine the localization of odorant receptor (OR)-expressing cells in the olfactory organ of the African spurred tortoise (Centrochelys sulcata). The olfactory organ of turtles generally consists of an upper chamber epithelium (UCE) containing glands and a lower chamber epithelium (LCE) devoid of glands. The UCE is considered an air-nose that is receptive to airborne odorants, whereas the LCE is considered a water-nose that is receptive to waterborne odorants. The ORs are a family of olfactory receptors categorized into classes I and II based on their sequence similarities. Class I ORs are thought to be receptive to water-soluble odorants, and class II ORs to volatile odorants. However, where these receptors are expressed within the olfactory organ in turtles remains unclear. This study was performed to analyze the distribution of OR-expressing cells in the olfactory organ of C. sulcata. Class II ORs were revealed to be expressed in the UCE, implying that the UCE of C. sulcata functions as an air-nose. In contrast, class I ORs were expressed in both the UCE and LCE, implying that both of these epithelia function as a water-nose in the olfactory organ of C. sulcata. Furthermore, double-labeling experiments indicated that class I ORs are not co-expressed with the transcription factor B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11b (Bcl11b), implying that the regulatory mechanism by which Bcl11b suppresses class I OR expression is conserved in C. sulcata. Further studies are needed to clarify the functional significance of the expression of class I ORs in the entire olfactory organ and to determine whether this is a trait shared among terrestrial turtles or found only in one species of tortoise that inhabits arid regions.
Ultrasound-guided versus conventional lung recruitment manoeuvres in thoracic surgery: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Wu Lei , Yang Li , Yang Yanyan , Wu Xin , Zhang Jun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Purpose: Although lung recruitment manoeuvres (RMs) during mechanical ventilation may reduce atelectasis, the optimal recruitment strategy for patients undergoing thoracic surgery remains unknown. Our study was to investigate whether ultrasound-guided lung RMs is superior to conventional RMs in reducing incidence of perioperative atelectasis during thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation.
Methods: We conducted a randomised controlled trial from August 2022 to September 2022. Sixty patients scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) under general anaesthesia were enrolled. Subjects were randomly divided into the ultrasound-guided RMs group (manual inflation guided by lung ultrasound) or conventional RMs group (manual inflation with 30 cmH2O pressure). Ultrasound were performed at three predefined time points (1 min after anaesthetic induction; after RMs at the end of surgery; before discharge from postanesthesia care unit [PACU]). The primary outcome was lung ultrasound score before discharge from the PACU after extubation.
Results: In the early postoperative period, lung aeration deteriorated in both groups even after lung RMs. However, ultrasound-guided lung RMs had significantly lower lung ultrasound scores when compared with conventional RMs in bilateral lungs (2.0 [0.8–4.0] vs. 8.0 [3.8–10.3], P < 0.01) at the end of surgery, which remained before patients discharged from the PACU. Accordingly, the lower incidence of atelectasis was found in ultrasound-guided RMs group than in conventional RMs group (7% vs. 53%; P < 0.01) at the end of surgery.
Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided RMs is superior to conventional RMs in improving lung aeration and reducing lung atelectasis at early postoperative period in patients undergoing VATS.
Trial registration: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (No.220825810; date of approval: August 5, 2022) and registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (number: ChiCTR2200062761).
Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Glioblastoma Reveals Pericytes Contributing to Blood–Brain Tumor Barrier and Tumor Progression
Authors: Li Yuzhe , Wu Changwu , Long Xinmiao , Wang Xiangyu , Gao Wei , Deng Kun , Xie Bo , Zhang Sen , Wu Minghua , Qing Liu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background:Pericytes compose blood–brain barrier (BBB) and may affects the blood-brain tumor barrier function (BBTB) in glioblastoma (GBM), which eventually affect chemotherapy efficiency and tumor progression of the disease. However, the expression signatures and detailed effect of these pericyte are still unclear. We aimed to identify these pericytes affecting BBTB in GBM, and to explore their clinical effect and underlying functions.
Methods: Pericytes in GBM were identified from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) da ta from nine GBM samples by hallmarks and expression signatures of pericytes from previous researches, and cell cluster functional enrichments were also used in identification. CellPhoneDB were used to explore interactions between target pericyte and other cells. One in-house glioma clinical cohort was collected and included for survival analysis. CGGA, REMBRANDT, and GSE16011 GBM cohorts were used to develop and validate a tumor pericyte risk score (TPRS) for prognosis prediction.
Results: This study demonstrated that a group of pericytes concerning BBTB function exist in GBM, and PTH1R may be a specific biomarker for them. The pericytes of BBTB function interact with other cell in GBM mainly through extracellular matrix (ECM)-integrin signaling pathways. Also, when comparing with normal pericytes, pericytes in GBM has up-regulation of several ECM gene networks (THY1, COL3A1, COL4A1, TIMP1, FN1 etc.) related to poor prognosis and basement membrane formation. TPRS based on those differentially expressed genes (DEGs) has significant predictive value in GBM patients.
Conclusions:Pericytes of BBTB function in GBM exist and PTH1R potentially serving as a hallmark for them. These cells have close functional relationships with BBTB and ECM-integrin signing pathways, and may have predictive value for GBM patients.
Determining the Toxic Elements in Cannabinoid and Opioid Drugs and Their Impact on Addicts' Health
Authors: UNAR AHSANULLAH , Sahito Oan , Afridi Hassan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Drug addiction is associated with significant health risks, including cardiovascular complications, cancer, and mental disorders. Illicit drugs, such as cannabinoids and opioids, including prescription medications, are widely consumed and have profound health consequences. Understanding the health effects of the toxic elements in these substances is critical for overdose prevention and effective recovery strategies. This study aimed to determine the toxic elements, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni), in cannabinoid and opioid drugs and in biological samples (blood, scalp hair, and serum) from 311 male drug abuse patients aged 15 to 60 years with a history of drug abuse. The participants were categorized into three age groups. The comparative analysis involved 113 reference subjects of the same age groups. The sample preparation employed microwave-assisted acid digestion, and the toxic elements were quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Accuracy was ensured using certified reference materials for hair, blood, and serum. Drug-addicted subjects had significantly higher concentrations of toxic elements (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and nickel) in biological samples than referent subjects (p > 0.001). Elevated levels of these toxic elements may increase susceptibility to infections, possibly due to malnutrition, drug-related effects, and additional contaminants. These findings necessitate further studies to explore the long-term health outcomes, potential treatment options, and broader socioeconomic impacts of substance abuse. This study serves as a baseline for future research in this critical public health field.
A Study on the Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on College Students' Entrepreneurial Intention - Mediated by Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Moderated by Entrepreneurial Policies
Authors: Yifan Nie , Ai Jiang , Yu Liu , Yunlandi Wu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
As college students begin to become the force of mass entrepreneurship in China, effectively enhancing college students' entrepreneurial intention has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. This study takes entrepreneurship education as an indicator of the influence of entrepreneurial intention, and examines how different types of entrepreneurship education (theoretical, practical, and ambient education) act on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial attitudes (endogenous and exogenous attitudes). By examining the data from 427 valid questionnaires from nine universities in Beijing, this study found that: entrepreneurship theory, practice, and atmosphere education have a significant positive impact on college students' entrepreneurial intention; entrepreneurship education significantly and positively influences college students' endogenous entrepreneurial attitude and exogenous entrepreneurial attitude; entrepreneurship education has a significant positive impact on college students' entrepreneurial intention through the two mediator variables of endogenous entrepreneurial attitudes, exogenous entrepreneurial attitudes entrepreneurship education has a significant positive effect on college students' entrepreneurial intention through the mediating variables of endogenous entrepreneurial attitude and exogenous entrepreneurial attitude; entrepreneurship education has a significant positive effect on college students' entrepreneurial intention through the mediating variables of endogenous entrepreneurial attitude and exogenous entrepreneurial attitude; entrepreneurship policy has a significant positive effect on college students' entrepreneurial intention through the mediating variables of entrepreneurial theory, practice, and atmosphere education.
The impact of metabolic syndrome on patient-reported outcome measures after primary total knee arthroplasty in osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Leng Yi , Gao Yuhang , Zhang Jianzeng , Zhang Yibin , Zhang Chengshuai , Qi Xin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
As the proportion of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) among those undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis increases annually, the impact of MetS on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) after TKA has been the subject of conflicting research findings. Our goal is to determine the influence of MetS on PROMs during the first year after TKA and its associated trajectory of change.
Methods
We reviewed data from patients receiving their primary TKA,. Using the full-length X-ray of the patient's lower limb. We calculated the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (MetS-IR) to reflect the severity of metabolic syndrome and used Maximally Selected Test Statistics to divide patients into two groups based on MetS-IR. We analyzed pre- and post-TKA OKS as PROMs and further analyzed OKS pain and function subscores.
Results
A total of 124 patients were included in the study. The selected cutoff value for MetS-IR was 43. Patients with MetS-IR < 43 were classified as Group 1 (n=79), while those with MetS-IR ≥ 43 were classified as Group 2 (n=45). Patients in Group 2 were younger (63.26±6.23, P<0.05), had poorer preoperative OKS scores (22 (17), P<0.05), more severe intra-articular deformities (JLCA: 6.01±2.99, MAD: 33.11±19.29, P<0.05), and higher levels of inflammation (CRP: 3.67 (2.15), P<0.05). Furthermore, CRP levels remained elevated at 1 month (7.19 (4.42)) and 3 months (5.24 (2.66)) postoperatively. Although postoperative OKS scores were lower in Group 2 than in Group 1, the improvement in OKS was higher in Group 2. Multiple regression analysis showed that MetS-IR was an independent predictor of OKS (β= -0.45, -0.19, -0.17, -0.24, p<0.05) and could predict preoperative, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month OKS.
Conclusion
MetS-IR has a better predictive ability for early postoperative outcomes after TKA compared to the clinical classification of metabolic syndrome. Patients with high MetS-IR show greater improvement compared to those with low MetS-IR, however, their OKS levels remain relatively lower. MetS-IR is an independent predictive factor for OKS in OA patients before and after TKA, and a higher preoperative MetS-IR suggests lower postoperative PROMs. These findings may provide valuable insights for improved understanding and management of these patients.
Kinematic Descriptors of Arm Reaching Movement are Sensitive to Hemisphere-Specific Immediate Neuromodulatory Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Post Stroke
Authors: Lowenthal-Raz Justine , Liebermann Dario G. , Friedman Jason , Soroker Nachum 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) exerts beneficial effects on motor recovery after stroke, presumably by enhancement of adaptive neural plasticity. However, patients with extensive damage may experience null or deleterious effects with the predominant application mode of anodal (excitatory) stimulation of the damaged hemisphere. In such cases, excitatory stimulation of the non-damaged hemisphere might be considered. Here we asked whether tDCS exerts a measurable effect on movement quality of the hemiparetic upper limb, following just a single treatment session. Such effect may inform on the hemisphere that should be excited. Stroke patients and healthy controls were assessed before and after anodal, cathodal or sham tDCS, provided during a single session of reaching training (repeated point-to-point hand movement on an electronic tablet). Group comparisons of endpoint kinematics - number of peaks in the speed profile (NoP; smoothness), hand-path deviations from the straight line (SLD; accuracy) and movement time (MT; speed) – disclosed greater NoP, larger SLD and longer MT in the stroke group. NoP and MT revealed an advantage for anodal compared to sham stimulation of the lesioned hemisphere. NoP and MT improvements under anodal stimulation of the non-lesioned hemisphere correlated with severity of hemiparesis. Damage to specific cortical regions and white-matter tracts was associated with lower kinematic gains from tDCS.
An efficient method for the selective isolation of feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) in feline calicivirus (FCV) coinfected specimens
Authors: Zheng Huanqin , Wang Baoyan , YUE Hong , Yu Xin , Liu Yang , Yu Jiayu , Zhang Jianlong , Han Kexue , Han Yinuo , Su Hanfeng , Zhu Hongwei , Zhang Xingxiao 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) are the most common viral pathogens of feline respiratory disease and are highly prevalent in cats worldwide. Coinfection with these viruses is frequent in cats with feline respiratory disease complex (FRDC). It is difficult to isolate pure FHV-1 by conventional laboratory cell culture methods from specimens with FRDC, which brings great trouble to the epidemiological investigation of FHV-1 virus.
Methods
FCV polyclonal antibodies were obtained by immunizing rabbits, and the coinfected specimens were neutralized with FCV polyclonal antibodies. Then, virus isolation was performed. After several rounds of neutralization, FHV-1 was finally obtained.
Results
The FCV polyclonal antibody was successfully obtained with neutralizing activities of 1:128, 1:537, and 1:91. After antibody neutralization, the FHV-1 virus was successfully isolated from the coinfected cell culture suspension and confirmed by immunofluorescence and QRT-PCR.
Conclusion
In this study, all FHV-1 viruses present in the coinfection samples were isolated, without any cross-contamination. This method is also theoretically suitable for the isolation and purification of other FCV coinfections or contaminating disease substances.
Advanced Drug Delivery System for Management of Chronic Diabetes
Wound Healing
Authors: Bhardwaj Harish , Khute Sulekha , Sahu Ram , Jangde Rajendra Kumar 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
The diabetic wound is excessively vulnerable to infection because the diabetic wound
suggests delayed and incomplete healing techniques. Presently, wounds and ulcers related to diabetes
have additionally increased the medical burden. A diabetic wound can impair mobility, lead
to amputations, or even death. In recent times, advanced drug delivery systems have emerged as
promising approaches for enhancing the efficacy of wound healing treatments in diabetic patients.
This review aims to provide an overview of the current advancements in drug delivery systems in
managing chronic diabetic wound healing. This review begins by discussing the pathophysiological
features of diabetic wounds, including impaired angiogenesis, elevated reactive oxygen species,
and compromised immune response. These factors contribute to delayed wound healing and
increased susceptibility to infection. The importance of early intervention and effective wound management
strategies is emphasized. Various types of advanced drug delivery systems are then explored,
including nanoparticles, hydrogels, transferosomes, liposomes, niosomes, dendrimers, and
nanosuspension with incorporated bioactive agents and biological macromolecules are also utilized
for chronic diabetes wound management. These systems offer advantages such as sustained
release of therapeutic agents, improved targeting and penetration, and enhanced wound closure.
Additionally, the review highlights the potential of novel approaches such as antibiotics, minerals,
vitamins, growth factors gene therapy, and stem cell-based therapy in diabetic wound healing. The
outcome of advanced drug delivery systems holds immense potential in managing chronic diabetic
wound healing. They offer innovative approaches for delivering therapeutic agents, improving
wound closure, and addressing the specific pathophysiological characteristics of diabetic wounds.
Cyclic Voltammetry and Photoluminescence Studies of Ag-doped ZnO
Nanoparticles
Authors: Singh Amitender , Yadav Kavita , Thakur Preeti , Thakur Atul 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
Herein, we prepared Zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver (Ag)
doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using a simple, fast, effective and economic coprecipitation
method. The superior characteristics in the nanoscale range of ZnO encourage
us to work on the ZnO NPs. Also, Ag has long been employed for its antibacterial
qualities. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate a hexagonal wurtzite structure
of ZnO NPs and an additional peak corresponding to the metallic Ag phase in the
Ag-ZnO sample. The EDAX elemental mapping confirms the uniform distribution of
Ag in ZnO NPs. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy investigates electronic structure
and defects in NPs.ic co-precipitation method and study of Cyclic Voltammetry and Photoluminescence characteristics.

Method:
According to the PL study, the strong photoluminescence NBE observed at
393 nm, indicating the high crystalline quality of the material and broad blue-green
emission at 467 nm and green-yellow emission at 560 nm were attributed to the Zn
interstitial and oxygen vacancy defects present in ZnO NPs. Measurements from cyclic
voltammetry (CV) demonstrate approximately symmetric peaks related to anodic
and cathodic behaviours of the NPs based electrode.

Result:
For ZnO sample, the anodic peak was found at 0.49 V and cathodic at 0.29
V, whereas, for Ag-ZnO sample, the anodic peak was at 0.59 V, and the cathodic
peak was present at 0.19 V, respectively. The separation between cathodic and anodic
peaks enhanced with Ag-doping in ZnO, which could be associated with the variations
in the transfer of electrons at the interface between the working electrode and
the solution, confirming an increase in the reaction activity of Ag-ZnO NPs.

Conclusion:
The results indicate that Ag-doped ZnO NPs may be an efficient catalyst
for waste water treatment and photocatalytic applications.