bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Health Impacts From Natural Gas Pipeline Compressor Stations
Authors: Davis Curtis D. , Frazier Clara , Guennouni Nihal , King Rachael , Mast Hannah , Plunkett Emily M. , Quirk Zack J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractCompressor stations maintain pressure along natural gas pipelines to sustain gas flow. Unfortunately, they present human health concerns as they release chemical pollutants into the air, sometimes at levels higher than national air quality standards. Further, compressor stations are often placed in rural areas with higher levels of poverty and/or minority populations, contributing to environmental justice concerns. In this paper we investigate what chemical pollutants are emitted by compressor stations, the impacts of emitted pollutants on human health, and local community impacts. Based on the information gained from these examinations, we provide the following policy recommendations with the goal of minimizing harm to those affected by natural gas compressor stations: the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and relevant state agencies must increase air quality monitoring and data transparency; the EPA should direct more resources to monitoring programs specifically at compressor stations; the EPA should provide free indoor air quality monitoring to homes near compressor stations; the EPA needs to adjust its National Ambient Air Quality Standards to better protect communities and assess cumulative impacts; and decision‐makers at all levels must pursue meaningful involvement from potentially affected communities. We find there is substantial evidence of negative impacts to strongly support these recommendations.
Multi‐Year Predictability of Global Sea Surface Temperature Using Model‐Analogs
Authors: Ding Hui , Alexander Michael A. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe multi‐year predictability of global sea surface temperature (SST) is examined by applying a model‐analog method to four control simulations to make forecasts at leads of 1–36 months over 1961–2015. The forecasts are found to have skill for annual mean SST at Year 2 (i.e., leads of 13–24 months) or even Year 3 (i.e., leads of 25–36 months) in the tropical Pacific, the North and South Pacific, the southwest Indian Ocean, and the northwestern tropical Atlantic. The seasonality in forecast skill suggests that July is the best time to initialize multi‐year forecasts. The evolution of forecast skill for tropical Pacific SSTs indicates that the predictability of some El Niño Southern Oscillation events is nearly the same at leads of 6 and 18 or 24 months. Further, these El Niño and La Niña events can be predicted at leads of up to 24 and 30 months, respectively.
Effects of Past Nd Seawater Concentrations on Nd‐Isotope Paleocirculation Reconstructions: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Yehudai Maayan , Tweed Lucy E. , Ridge Sean , Wu Yingzhe , Goldstein Steven L. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeodymium (Nd) isotope ratios are potentially valuable for paleo‐ocean circulation reconstructions because they trace water‐mass transport and mixing in the present‐day oceans. Moreover, the Atlantic and Pacific global end‐member Nd‐isotope values can be constrained through time, and at in‐between sites their proportions vary with past climate changes. However, an important source of uncertainty about Nd‐isotopes' applicability for paleo‐circulation studies arises from the inability to constrain past Nd‐concentrations of the end‐members. Here we address this “paleo‐[Nd] problem” through a Bayesian analysis. Results show that even large variability in end‐member Nd‐concentrations over the Pleistocene is unlikely to significantly impact their concentration ratio, therefore end‐member concentration changes likely have only small impacts on Nd‐isotope ratios at in‐between locations. The results support their applicability to reconstruct past Atlantic paleo‐circulation. In addition, a Nd‐isotope mass balance for Antarctic Bottom Water shows that its present‐day Nd‐isotope values are consistent with the input from its sources.
Numerical Simulations and an Updated Parameterization of the Breaking Internal Solitary Wave Over the Continental Shelf
Authors: He Xiao , Chen Xu , Li Qun , Xu Tao , Meng Jing 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe breaking of internal solitary waves (ISWs) over slope‐shelf topography induces energy dissipation and enhances mixing. In this work, high‐resolution, laboratory‐scale simulations are employed to investigate the instability mechanisms and dissipation of ISWs. We find that the increasing nonhydrostatic pressure during deformation contributes to an adverse pressure gradient, which induces plunging flow for overturning. Shear instability and convective instabilities trigger wave breaking. Wave‐induced vortexes induce strong shearing and enhance the dissipation of energy by 1–2 orders of magnitude larger than that which occurs under stable conditions. Furthermore, based on laboratory results, we evaluate two commonly used parameterizations (Pacanowski & Philander, 1981, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1981)011<1443:povmin>2.0.co;2, i.e., PP81; Klymak & Legg, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.02.005, i.e., KL10) in coarser‐resolution global ocean models by modifying the horizontal resolution from 100 grids every wavelength to approximately 30. The results show that PP81 and KL10 can both improve the estimation of the energy loss, but can only depict strong shear within the pycnocline and bottom boundary regions, respectively. Finally, an updated parameterization is presented that can effectively describe the strong shear in two regions during wave breaking. The flow field and dissipation are more consistent with the laboratory results using the new parameterization. This study improves the understanding of the mixing parameterizations in simulating the continuous processes of strong internal wave breaking.
Functional connectivity between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex underlies processing of emotion ambiguity
Authors: Sun Sai , Yu Hongbo , Yu Rongjun , Wang Shuo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractProcessing facial expressions of emotion draws on a distributed brain network. In particular, judging ambiguous facial emotions involves coordination between multiple brain areas. Here, we applied multimodal functional connectivity analysis to achieve network-level understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying perceptual ambiguity in facial expressions. We found directional effective connectivity between the amygdala, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), and ventromedial PFC, supporting both bottom-up affective processes for ambiguity representation/perception and top-down cognitive processes for ambiguity resolution/decision. Direct recordings from the human neurosurgical patients showed that the responses of amygdala and dmPFC neurons were modulated by the level of emotion ambiguity, and amygdala neurons responded earlier than dmPFC neurons, reflecting the bottom-up process for ambiguity processing. We further found parietal-frontal coherence and delta-alpha cross-frequency coupling involved in encoding emotion ambiguity. We replicated the EEG coherence result using independent experiments and further showed modulation of the coherence. EEG source connectivity revealed that the dmPFC top-down regulated the activities in other brain regions. Lastly, we showed altered behavioral responses in neuropsychiatric patients who may have dysfunctions in amygdala-PFC functional connectivity. Together, using multimodal experimental and analytical approaches, we have delineated a neural network that underlies processing of emotion ambiguity.
Longitudinal structure-function analysis of molecularly-confirmed CYP4V2 Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy
Authors: Cheloni Riccardo , Clough Neil , Jackson Daniel , Moosajee Mariya 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy (BCD) is an autosomal recessive progressive retinal disease caused by mutations in CYP4V2. We have characterised the natural history including structural and functional measures to identify potential outcome metrics for future clinical trials.

Methods
Molecularly-confirmed BCD patients with biallelic variants in CYP4V2 were retrospectively identified from Moorfields Eye Hospital (UK). Clinical details including results of molecular genetic testing, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were extracted. From OCT scans, ellipsoid zone (EZ) measures, foveal thickness of the whole retina, outer retina and choroid were measured. Age-related changes of clinical parameters were assessed with linear mixed models.

Results
Twenty-eight BCD patients were identified, with median age at baseline of 37 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 30–49.5). Median follow-up was 7.7 years (IQR: 3.4–14.5). Most patients (41.7%) showed chorioretinal atrophy at baseline. All OCT parameters showed significant age-related loss (p < 0.05), with EZ measures and choroidal thickness displaying the most rapid degeneration (2.3–3.3% per year vs 0.6–1.5% per year). Median BCVA was 0.2 LogMAR (IQR: 0–0.5) at baseline and showed small age-related loss ( + 0.016 LogMAR per year, p = 0.0019). Patients exhibited substantial phenotypic variability.

Conclusions
BCD presents between age 25 and 40, and slowly progresses to an advanced chorioretinal atrophy and vision loss by age 60. BCVA may be preserved until late, and is seemingly poorly representative of disease progression. OCT parameters capturing EZ and choroid changes may afford more suitable trial outcome measures.
Helper T cell bias following tuberculosis chemotherapy identifies opportunities for therapeutic vaccination to prevent relapse
Authors: Martinez-Martinez Yazmin B. , Huante Matthew B. , Chauhan Sadhana , Naqvi Kubra F. , Bharaj Preeti , Endsley Janice J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTherapeutic vaccines have promise as adjunctive treatment for tuberculosis (TB) or as preventives against TB relapse. An important development challenge is the limited understanding of T helper (Th) cell roles during these stages of disease. A murine model of TB relapse was used to identify changes in Th populations and cytokine microenvironment. Active TB promoted expansion of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22 cells and cytokines in the lung. Following drug therapy, pulmonary Th17 and Th22 cells contracted, Th1 cells remained elevated, while Th cells producing IL-4 or IL-10 expanded. At relapse, Th22 cells failed to re-expand in the lung despite a moderate re-expansion of Th1 and Th17 cells and an increase in Th cytokine polyfunctionality. The dynamics of Th populations further differed by tissue compartment and disease presentation. These outcomes identify immune bias by Th subpopulations during TB relapse as candidate mechanisms for pathogenesis and targets for therapeutic vaccination.
Clustering micropollutants and estimating rate constants of sorption and biodegradation using machine learning approaches
Authors: Lim Seung Ji , Seo Jangwon , Seid Mingizem Gashaw , Lee Jiho , Ejerssa Wondesen Workneh , Lee Doo-Hee , Jeong Eunhoo , Chae Sung Ho , Lee Yunho , Son Moon , Hong Seok Won 
Published: October 2023

AbstractEffluent from wastewater treatment plants is considered an important source of micropollutants (MPs) in aquatic environments. However, monitoring MPs in effluents is often inefficient owing to the variety in their types. Thus, this study derived marker constituents to estimate the behavior of MPs in each cluster using the self-organizing map (SOM), a machine learning-based clustering analysis method. In SOM analysis, the physicochemical properties, functional groups, and the initial biotransformation rules of 29 out 42 MPs were used to ultimately estimate the degradation rate constants of 13 MPs. Consequently, when the physicochemical properties and functional groups were considered, SOM analysis showed outstanding performance to label MPs with an accuracy value of 0.75 for each aerobic and anoxic condition. Based on the clustering results, 11 MPs were determined to be marker constituents under each aerobic and anoxic condition. Moreover, an estimation method for the rate constants of unlabeled MPs was successfully developed using the identified markers with the random forest classifier. The proposed algorithm could estimate both sorption and biotransformation of MPs regardless of dominant removal mechanisms, whether the MPs were removed by sorption or biotransformation. An accuracy of 0.77 was calculated for estimating rate constants under both aerobic and anoxic conditions, which is remarkably higher than those reported previously. The proposed procedure could be extended further to efficiently monitor MPs in effluents.
Microbiomes associated with Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora in four different floristic domains of Brazil
Authors: Veloso Tomás Gomes Reis , da Silva Marliane de Cássia Soares , Moreira Taís Rizzo , da Luz José Maria Rodrigues , Moreli Aldemar Polonini , Kasuya Maria Catarina Megumi , Pereira Lucas Louzada 
Published: October 2023

AbstractBrazilian coffee production relies on the cultivation of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. Climate change has been responsible for the decreasing yield of the crops in the country yet the associated microbial community can mitigate these effects by improving plant growth and defense. Although some studies have tried to describe the microorganisms associated with these Coffea species, a study that compares the microbiome on a wider spatial scale is needed for a better understanding of the terroir of each coffee planting region. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the microbial communities harbored in soils and fruits of these Coffea species in four Brazilian floristic domains (Amazon, Atlantic Forest Caatinga, and Cerrado). One hundred and eight samples (90 of soil and 90 of fruits) were used in the extraction and sequencing of the fungal and bacterial DNA. We detected more than 1000 and 500 bacterial and fungal genera, respectively. Some soil microbial taxa were more closely related to one coffee species than the other species. Bacillus bataviensis tends to occur more in arid soils from the Caatinga, while the fungus Saitozyma sp. was more related to soils cultivated with C. arabica. Thus, the species and the planting region (floristic domain) of coffee affect the microbial composition associated with this crop. This study is the first to report microbial communities associated with coffee produced in four floristic domains that include sites in eight Brazilian states. Data generated by DNA sequencing provides new insights into microbial roles and their potential for the developing more sustainable coffee management, such as the production of biofertilizers and starter culture for fermentation of coffee cherries.
Association of atmospheric temperature with out-of-hospital natural deaths occurrence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Osaka, Japan
Authors: Yoshizawa Hidenori , Hattori Satoshi , Yoshida Ken-ichi , Maeda Hideyuki , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Morii Eiichi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between out-of-hospital natural death (OHND) and ambient temperature and examine the seriousness of the impact of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on this relationship. We used data from the Osaka Prefectural Office of Medical Examiners between 2018 and 2022 and performed a retrospective observational study. A Poisson regression model was applied to examine the relationship between OHND and temperature in Osaka City. The relative risk of OHND at 5 °C and 32 °C compared to the minimum mortality temperature increased from 1.81 in the pre-COVID-19 period to 2.03 in the post-COVID-19 period at 5 °C and from 1.29 in the pre-COVID-19 period to 1.60 in the post-COVID-19 period at 32 °C. The increase in relative risk per 1 °C increase from the pre- to post-COVID-19 period was 1.0551 (rate ratio [RR], p = 0.003) in the hot environment and 1.0233 (RR, p = 0.013) in the cold environment, which was larger than that in the hot environment. Although the risk of OHND increased at both temperatures, the change in OHND risk during post-COVID-19 was larger in the hot environment than in the cold environment, implicating the effect of pandemics in the current scenario of global warming.
Development of a daily predictive model for the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Jo Yong Suk , Han Solji , Lee Daeun , Min Kyung Hoon , Park Seoung Ju , Yoon Hyoung Kyu , Lee Won-Yeon , Yoo Kwang Ha , Jung Ki-Suck , Rhee Chin Kook 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAcute exacerbation (AE) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compromises health status; it increases disease progression and the risk of future exacerbations. We aimed to develop a model to predict COPD exacerbation. We merged the Korean COPD subgroup study (KOCOSS) dataset with nationwide medical claims data, information regarding weather, air pollution, and epidemic respiratory virus data. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) dataset was used for validation. Several machine learning methods were employed to increase the predictive power. The development dataset consisted of 590 COPD patients enrolled in the KOCOSS cohort; these were randomly divided into training and internal validation subsets on the basis of the individual claims data. We selected demographic and spirometry data, medications for COPD and hospital visit for AE, air pollution data and meteorological data, and influenza virus data as contributing factors for the final model. Six machine learning and logistic regression tools were used to evaluate the performance of the model. A light gradient boosted machine (LGBM) afforded the best predictive power with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.935 and an F1 score of 0.653. Similar favorable predictive performance was observed for the 2151 individuals in the external validation dataset. Daily prediction of the COPD exacerbation risk may help patients to rapidly assess their risk of exacerbation and will guide them to take appropriate intervention in advance. This might lead to reduction of the personal and socioeconomic burdens associated with exacerbation.
The effect of soil environmental factors on the yield and quality of Pueraria lobata
Authors: Li Fahuo , Li Yuting , Huang Jianming , Li Jingying , Xiao Dong , Li Yong , He Longfei , Wang Ai-qin 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPueraria lobata is a typical medicinal and edible plant with great market value and demand, thus exploring the relationship between soil environmental factors and the yield and quality of Pueraria lobata is of great significance for its high-value cultivation. In this study, using the Guige 1 variety (Pueraria montana var. Thomsonii) selected by our research group as the material to compare the effects of five soil types, endophytes in three parts of Pueraria lobata and two fertilizers on its yield and quality. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation effect of five soil types on the yield and quality of Guige 1 was as follow: red-yellow mixed soil (RYMS) > black loam soil (BLS) > sandy loam soil (SLS) > sandy loam soil waterlogging (SLSW) > yellow soil compaction soil (YSCS); the descending order of endophyte types and quantities is in BLS > RYMS > SLS > YSC > SLSW; applying General Compound Fertilizers (GCF) in RYMS is more suitable for the rapid expansion of Guige 1 than Organic-Slow-Release-Fertilizers (OSRF). The high potassium content in RYMS and high effective phosphorus content in BLS are positively correlated with the content of starch and isoflavone in Pueraria lobata. The conclusion is that the high potassium and available phosphorus content in RYMS and BLS, as well as the rich types and quantities of endophytic bacteria, are positively correlated with the yield and quality of Pueraria lobata. The research results have important guiding significance for the high-value cultivation of Pueraria lobata.
Uncovering the effectiveness of anthropomorphic communication on the country-of-origin stereotypes from the perspective of psychological elements
Authors: Bai Shizhen , Zhang Wei , Chu Lingyun 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWith the development of social media, interactive activities such as anthropomorphic communications are more accessible and popular. The country-of-origin(COO) stereotype is one of the most important factors which influences individuals' attitudes toward brands. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and validity of anthropomorphic communication via social media on COO stereotypes in international competitions. Experimental results indicate that the strategy of using anthropomorphic communication has positive effects for developing countries, but not the same for developed countries; the perceived social presence mediates the relationship between anthropomorphic communication and COO stereotypes of developing countries. However, the mediating effect is not obvious in developed countries, the influence of anthropomorphic communication is effective and feasible only when individuals’ mindset is global. The theoretical model in this paper is a useful supplement to the existing achievements of anthropomorphism and COO stereotypes, it provides a reference for enterprises in developing countries to use anthropomorphic strategies accurately to reduce negative COO stereotypes and improve international competitiveness, it also gives suggestions for companies in developed countries to adopt anthropomorphic communication strategies cautiously.
Sea–air coupling leads to a decrease in precipitation in East Asia under present day conditions that is partially alleviated in future simulations
Authors: Peng Jing , Li Kai , Dan Li , Tang Xiba , Xu Zhongfeng , Zou Liwei , Zheng Hui , Zhang Taotao 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe offshore region of East Asia has a crucial role in recycling precipitation, especially in the current context of a warming climate. This is because the atmospheric feedback from the sea offshore East Asia directly impacts and modifies precipitation patterns by influencing the seasonal cycles of the surface energy and water budgets. We used a regional climate model incorporating sea–air coupling to investigate and better understand these climate feedback mechanisms in East Asia. We identified a reduction in precipitation caused by sea-air coupling over East Asia during the time period 1991 − 2014 under present day conditions. Specifically, we observed an average decrease in precipitation of about 0.1 ± 0.40 mm day−1 during June–July–August. This decrease in precipitation can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the effects of upward solar radiation, the asymmetry of the thermal contrast between the land and the sea, decreased evaporation in the southeastern ocean and the weakened transport of water vapor from the sea to the land. Our research suggests that the decrease triggered by sea–air coupling will be partially alleviated under future conditions, although not completely reversed, in terms of its impact on precipitation in eastern China. Although some relief is anticipated, the overall influence of sea–air coupling on patterns of precipitation in East Asia will persist, especially south of the Yellow River in eastern China.
One-pot cascade synthesis of dibenzothiophene-based heterobiaryls from dibenzothiophene-5-oxide
Authors: Hu Xiaofang , Qiao Zeen , Zhang Li , Zhao Jinzhong , Liu Ya-Zhou , Zhang Jiangang , Ma Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2023

A one-pot protocol to access 4-substituted dibenzothiophene (DBT) from dibenzothiophene-5-oxide (DBTO) was developed via a sulfoxide directed C–H metalation/B2Pin2 mediated reduction/Suzuki coupling cascade process.