bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Sullivan Megan M. , Abril Andy , Aslam Nabeel , Ball Colleen T. , Berianu Florentina 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of illnesses that cause inflammation and alterations to small vessels in the body. Some of the most common and detrimental manifestations, including alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis, are caused by this capillary inflammation. We sought to clarify whether patients with AAV would have abnormal nailfold capillaries when evaluated with nailfold videocapillaroscopy.
Methods: Patients with a current diagnosis of AAV and a control group were identified for enrollment. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy images were used for a semiquantitative analysis on capillary density, morphology, dilation, and microhemorrhage after review by 2 rheumatologists. Disease characteristics, occurrence of recent disease flare, and presence of ANCA were recorded.
Results: Thirty-three patients with a diagnosis of AAV and 21 controls were recruited. The AAV group had a median age of 59 and 17 (52%) were women. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis was the most common diagnosis (19 [58%]), followed by eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (7 [21%]) and microscopic polyangiitis (7 [21%]). Twenty-seven patients (82%) had positive ANCA tests. After assessment of capillary density, dilation, morphology, microhemorrhages, and disorganization, there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups.
Conclusion: There was no evidence of differences in nailfold capillaroscopy abnormalities between those diagnosed with AAV and the control group. While this cohort was relatively small, we did not find a high enough prevalence or specific phenotype of capillary abnormalities that could aid in diagnosis or prognostication of these diseases in the clinical setting.
Epidemiology and drug resistance analysis of bloodstream infections in intensive care unit from a children's medical center in eastern China for six consecutive years
Authors: Shao Huijiang , Zhang Xin , Li Yang , Gao Yuanyuan , Wang Yunzhong , Shao Xuejun , Dai Ling 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Children with severe basic diseases and low immunity in the intensive care unit (ICU) are usually in critical condition. It is important to help clinicians choose the appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for clinical infection control. Methods 281 children with bloodstream infection (BSI) were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical software was used to compare and analyse the basic data, pathogenic information, and drug resistance of the main bacteria.
Results A total of 328 strains were detected, including gram-positive bacteria (223, 68%), mainly including coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), gram-negative bacteria (91, 27.7%), fungi (14, 4.3%). There were 243 cases of single pathogen infection and 38 cases of mixed pathogen infection. Results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that lengths of hospitalization of 0～<30d was an independent risk factor for mixed infection, and length of hospitalization of 15～<60d was an independent risk factor related to death. Compared with Escherichia coli, the proportion of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) was higher producing by Klebsiella pneumoniae, and its resistance to some β-lactamides, quinolones antibiotics were lower. 27 isolates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria were detected, among which carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) accounted for the highest proportion (13, 48.2%). Conclusion CoNS was the principal pathogen of BSI in the intensive care unit (ICU) of children, and Escherichia coli was the most common gram-negative pathogen. It is necessary to continuously monitor patients with positive blood culture, pay special attention to the detected MDR bacteria, and strengthen the application management of antibiotics and the prevention and control of nosocomial infection.
Shrimp injection with dsRNA targeting the microsporidian EHP polar tube protein reduces internal and external parasite amplification
Authors: Yaunlae Satika , Prasartset Tharinthorn , Reamthong Onrapak , Munkongwongsiri Natthinee , Panphloi Muthita , Preechakul Thanchanok , Suebsing Rungkarn , Thitamadee Siripong , Prachumwat Anuphap , Itsathitphaisarn Ornchuma , Taengchaiyaphum Suparat , Kasamechotchung Chanadda 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a major threat to shrimp health worldwide. Severe EHP infections in shrimp cause growth retardation and increase susceptibility to opportunistic infections. EHP produces spores with a chitin wall that enables them to survive prolonged environmental exposure. Previous studies showed that polar tube extrusion is a prerequisite for EHP infection, such that inhibiting extrusion should prevent infection. Using a proteomic approach, polar tube protein 2 of EHP (EhPTP2) was found abundantly in protein extracts obtained from extruded spores. Using an immunofluorescent antibody against EhPTP2 for immunohistochemistry, extruded spores were found in the shrimp hepatopancreas (HP) and intestine, but not in the stomach. We hypothesized that presence of EhPTP2 might be required for successful EHP spore extrusion. To test this hypothesis, we injected EhPTP2- specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and found that it significantly diminished EHP copy numbers in infected shrimp. This indicated reduced amplification of EHP-infected cells in the HP by spores released from previously infected cells. In addition, injection of the dsRNA into EHP-infected shrimp prior to their use in cohabitation with naïve shrimp significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the rate of EHP transmission to naïve shrimp. The results revealed that EhPTP2 plays a crucial role in the life cycle of EHP and that dsRNA targeting EHP mRNA can effectively reach the parasite developing in host cells. This approach is a model for future investigations to identify critical genes for EHP survival and spread as potential targets for preventative and therapeutic measures in shrimp.
Exposure and Health Impact Assessment of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Rice Sold on Ghanaian Markets
Authors: Jonathan Awewomom , Arhin Theresa Yvonne , Doudu Takyi Yaw , Opoku Francis , Tandoh Marina Aferiba , Amankwah Emmanuel Adu , Akoto Osei 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This present study investigated the presence, levels and health impact of some trace elements in rice sold on some Ghanaian markets using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A qualitative scan and a further quantification with the ICP-MS revealed the following elements; boron (B), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), sodium (Na), molybdenum (Mo), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), sulphur (S), cobalt (Co), potassium (K), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), Silver (Ag), beryllium (Be), aluminium (Al), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y), zirconium (Zr), barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd). The concentration of essential and non-essential metals follows the order: S > K > P > Mg > Ca > Si > Na > Zn > Mn > Fe > Cu > B > Mo > Ni > Co > Li and Al > Bi > (Sn and As ) > Ba > Sb > Sr > Be > Ti = V > Pb > Cd > Zr > Ag > Y respectively. The results showed that rice on sale on the Ghanaian markets are rich sources of S, K, Mg and Ca with moderate levels of essential minerals like Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. The health impact assessment revealed that As, Sb and P all recorded hazard quotients greater than one. This implies that As, Sb and P could accumulate and adversely affect the health of Ghanaian adolescents, adults and the aged. The likely cancer risk (LCR) estimated from this study revealed that in children, adolescents, adults and the aged, As, Pb, Ni and Cd could individually and in combined accumulated concentrations induce carcinogenicity to consumers in Ghana overtime since the LCR and Total Likely Cancer Risk (TLCR) all exceeded the maximum safe limit of 1×10− 4.
A commercially available 2–aminoanthracene fluorescent probe for rapid and sensitive detection of hypochlorite in 100% buffer solution and its application in complex water samples
Authors: Suna Garen 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO–), a crucial chemical in the living organism, engages in various physiological activities. However, high amounts of ClO– result in oxidative damage. In this work, a commercially available 2–aminoanthracene (AA) was used to detect ClO–. AA demonstrated distinct properties such as superior selectivity and rapid response (< 30 s) with a low detection limit (140 nM) towards ClO– in 100% buffer solution. Furthermore, the probe exhibited a notable achievement by effectively identifying the presence of ClO– in complicated water samples. In conclusion, AA offers an easy–to–use and accurate method for quantifying ClO– in complex water samples.
Revealing the Dominant Inheritance of the Multilocular Trait in Brassica Rapa var. Yellow Sarson: A Breakthrough in Brassica Crop Breeding
Authors: Bisht Charu , Prasad Birendra , Pant Usha , Verma S. K. , Gaur Amit Kumar , Gupta Shubham , Panwar Neha , Joshi Shivendra , Bisht Yashpal Singh , Prasad Himanshu , Deep Harsh 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson) is an indispensable oilseed crop where the multilocular ovary trait enhances yield potential. Elucidating the inheritance pattern of multilocularity will empower breeding efforts. This study aimed to dissect the genetics governing ovary locule number in yellow sarson using crosses between multilocular (Pant Pili Sarson 1, NDYS) and bilocular (Pant Girija, B9) lines. F1, F2 and backcross generations were developed and analyzed for segregation of locule number. Results revealed monogenic dominant inheritance of the multilocular trait. All F1 progeny exhibited multilocularity, indicating dominance. The F2 population showed Mendelian 3:1 segregation of multilocular to bilocular phenotypes, confirming control by a single dominant locus. Backcrosses to multilocular parents produced all multilocular offspring, while crosses to bilocular parents showed 1:1 segregation, validating the model. These findings contrast with previous reports of recessive inheritance in Brassicas, likely reflecting differing genetic backgrounds. Nonetheless, the single dominant gene uncovered simplifies breeding efforts to enhance this beneficial high-yielding trait. By elucidating the genetics underlying multilocularity in yellow sarson, this work
Lack of pragmatic attitude of self-labelled pragmatic trials on manual therapy: A methodological review
Authors: Roura Sonia , Alvarez Gerard , Hohenschurz-Schmidt David , Solà Ivan , Núñez-Cortés Rodrigo , Bracchiglione Javier , Fernández-Jané Carles , Phalip Jules , Gich Ignasi , Sitjà-Rabert Mercè , Urrutia Gerard 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
Pragmatic randomized controlled trials are getting more interest to improve trials external validity. This study aimed to assess how pragmatic the design of the self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials in the manual therapy field is.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials in the manual therapy field until January 2022 were included. Two independent reviewers collected and extracted data related to the intention of the trial, the rationale for the intervention, and specific features of the trial and performed an assessment using the PRECIS-2 tool.
Results
Of 37 self-labelled pragmatic trials, the mean PRECIS-2 score was 3.5 (SD: 0.6). Choice of outcome measures, how the interventions were performed, the follow-up of the participants and how all the available data were included in the statistical analysis were the domains rated as most 'pragmatic'. Participants' eligibility, recruitment, and setting obtained lower scores. Less than 20% of the trials claimed that the aim was to investigate an intervention under real-world conditions and to make clinical decisions about its effectiveness. In the 22% of the sample the authors described neither the proof-of-concept of the intervention nor the state of previous studies addressing related research questions.
Conclusions
Self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials showed a moderately pragmatic attitude. Beyond the label ‘pragmatic’, the description of the intention of the trial and the context of every PRECIS-2 domain is crucial to understanding the real pragmatism of a trial.
Ca2+ fortified oral rehydration solution is effective in reducing diarrhea morbidity in cholera toxin-pretreated mice
Authors: Tang Lieqi , Jin Shi , Winesett Steven , Harrell Jane , Fraebel Johnathan , Cheng Sam X. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Diarrhea like cholera remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) that developed in 1970s significantly decreases diarrhea mortality; yet, it does not reduce diarrhea morbidity and its usage has reduced persistently. Patients with diarrhea lose not only monovalent ions Na+, K+, Cl− and HCO3, which are replaced via ORS, but also divalent ions Zn2+ and Ca2+, which are not routinely replaced, particularly for Ca2+. Using several in vitro technologies performed in isolated tissues, we have previously shown that Ca2+, a primary ligand that activates the Ca2+-sensing receptor, can act on intestinal epithelium and enteric nervous system and reverse cholera toxin-induced fluid secretion. In the present study, using the cholera toxin-pretreated C57BL/6 mice as a model, we show that the anti-diarrheal effect of Ca2+ can also occur in vivo. Our results raise a question of whether this divalent ion also needs to be replaced in diarrhea management. Perhaps, an ideal rehydration therapy would be solutions that contain both monovalent ions, which reduce diarrhea mortality, and divalent minerals, which reduce diarrhea morbidity.
Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Females with Breast Cancer
Authors: Fawzy Ahmed A , El-Menyawi Khaled A , Sallam Walid M , Zahran Mohamed E 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of cancer is rising, modern comprehensive management including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy led to decreased mortality, but also different cardiovascular complications. Conventional EF measurement fails to detect subtle changes in LV function, so a more sensitive tool is needed.
Methods
The study included 101 asymptomatic female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who received anthracycline ± trastuzumab-based chemotherapy regimen. A comprehensive echocardiographic examination was performed before receiving the chemotherapy (T0), at 3 months (T1), and at 6 months after (T2). All patients had pre-treatment normal LV EF. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease in EF > 10% from baseline value to EF < 55% in asymptomatic patients or > 5% in symptomatic patients “according to the cardiac review and evaluation committee (CREC)”.
Results
CTRCD occurred in 24 patients (25.5%) while RV systolic dysfunction was more common occurring in 37 patients (39.4%). LV GLS at (T1) (cut-off value <-15% with relative 12.5% reduction from the baseline value) was a strong predictor of CTRCD, but combining LV GLS with RV GLS & RV FWLS was the strongest (AUC = 0.947, sensitivity = 91.67%, specificity = 90%).
Conclusion
Chemotherapy induces biventricular changes with more prevalent deterioration in RV values. Low LV & RV strain values at baseline together with reduction of these values after chemotherapy treatment can predict later CTRCD development. Combining LV GLS with RV GLS & FWLS values at (T1) is the strongest predictor of subsequent CTRCD.
A novel defined cuproptosis-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ge Weiyu 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background
Cuproptosis, a newly discovered copper-dependent programmed cell death, was separate from existing other forms of cell death. Nevertheless, the characteristics of the cuproptosis-based molecular signature and the intertumoral heterogeneity of cell death in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains less studied.
Materials and Methods
To explore the intertumoral heterogeneity of cell death in PC patients, we assessed the enrichment scores of five reported cell death modes by single sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) analysis. Then, multiple bioinformatics and in vitro validation were generated to systematically assess expression profile, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration of cuproptosis-related genes (CGs) in PC.
Results
Our study found cuproptosis exhibited the only protective effect on survival compared to other cell death mode. We also evaluated the alterations in genomic backgrounds of CGs. We next identified two distinct molecular subtypes and determined the latent roles of CGs in tumor microenvironment (TME), clinical features and immunotherapy response. Accordingly, we observed that CGs subtype was associated with poor survival, stromal activation, immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance in PC patients. Moreover, we established a highly accurate nomogram to facilitate the clinical viability of CGs score. A high CGs score, characterized by elevated mutation burden, and stromal activation, proved a poor prognosis. Additionally, higher of anti-PD-1 resistant-related signature was observed in high CGs score group.
Conclusion
These findings define a novel prognostic CGs signature for predicting clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in PC, which contribute to precise risk stratifications and enable the exploration of more potent immunotherapy strategies.
Kinetic analysis and Dual biodegradation pathway for chlorobenzenes removal by Serratia marcescens strain TF-1 and its performance in contaminated soil
Authors: Chen Shangjie , Xu Fuqing , Xing Zhilin , Ran Dongni , Tang Jun , Li Juan , Xiang Jinxin , Zhang Qian , Zhao Tiantao 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Microorganisms with specific functions have significant potential for use in the remediation of contaminated sites. In the past, this study investigated the optimal growth conditions and chlorobenzene (CB) degradation capability of the Serratia marcescens strain TF-1, a strain known for its CB degradation abilities, and its application in soil remediation projects. Under laboratory conditions, TF-1 exhibited its highest CB degradation capability and cell density at pH 7, with a 5% inoculum size, and a temperature of 30°C. The results indicated that TF-1 possessed robust pH tolerance and was suitable for use in contaminated soils with varying pH levels. Within a concentration range of 20–200 mg·L− 1, TF-1 demonstrated a CB assimilation and degradation rate ranging from 0.32 to 1.65 mg·L− 1·h− 1, which was 1–6 times higher than that of known CB-degrading bacteria. Furthermore, the study confirmed that TF-1 could co-metabolically degrade CB and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) using sodium succinate and sodium citrate as substrates, with significantly higher co-metabolic degradation rates compared to assimilative degradation rates. The addition of TF-1 and a remediation agent composed of sodium succinate to the contaminated soil enabled the removal of various chlorobenzene pollutants. Comparative diversity analysis before and after remediation demonstrated that TF-1 successfully colonized the contaminated soil and enriched the local microorganisms, such as Azoarcus, in the co-degradation of pollutants. As a novel CB-degrading bacterial strain, TF-1 had been applied for the first time in situ in the remediation of CB-contaminated soil, providing valuable theoretical guidance and practical experience for in situ CB-contaminated soil remediation techniques.
Relationship Teachers’ Perception of Organizational Justice、Job Burnout and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Xia Kangyao , Pan Xiaofu , Cao Jian , Li Jinglin , Wang Yun , Liu Jie , He Lidong 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the teacher’s perception of organizational justice (POJ) and the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and to reveal the mediating effects of teachers’ job burnout (JB) in POJ-OCB. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 1325 teachers in Chongqing and Chen Zhou, Hunan Province in China. Through a series of hierarchical regression analyses, mediating effects testing, structural equation modeling testing and dominance analysis, the results consistently showed that procedural justice is the positive predictor of OCB, while the teachers’ JB is the negative predictor of OCB. Furthermore, the result also demonstrated that teachers’JB could produce prominent mediating effects on the relationship between teachers’POJ and OCB, especially the passion burnout and professional self-effectiveness burnout.
Intention to use a mental health app for the menopause: a Health Belief Model approach
Authors: Martin-Key Nayra A. , Funnell Erin L. , Benacek Jiri , Spadaro Benedetta , Bahn Sabine 
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background
The menopause presents a period of heightened vulnerability for mental health concerns. Web and smartphone apps may facilitate and improve mental healthcare provision. However, little is known about users’ intention to use such technologies.
Objective
To examine users’ experiences with and intention to use a mental health app during the menopause using the Health Belief Model (HBM).
Methods
Participants completed an online survey. Structural equation modelling was conducted to explore whether the HBM is a good fit for predicting intention to use a mental health app for the menopause.
Results
We found a good model fit (χ2(278) = 790.44, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.933, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.056). Cues to action was the most significant predictor of intention (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), followed by perceived barriers (β=-0.25, p < 0.001), perceived susceptibility (β = .15, p < 0.001), and perceived benefits (β = 0.13, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study emphasises the need to address barriers to app usage, while highlighting the impact of credible endorsements and psychoeducation.
Caught on the Crossfire: Biodiversity Conservation Paradox of Sociopolitical Conflict
Authors: Hilario-Husain Bona Abigail , Guerrero Sarrah Jane , Tanalgo Krizler , Garcia Francisco Gil , Lerios Tessie , Garcia May Eva , Alvaro-Ele Renee Jane , Manampan-Rubio Meriam , Murray Sedra , Reyes Jamaica Delos , Cruz Kier Celestial. Dela , Abdullah Sumaira , Balase Sheila Mae Prince , Respicio Jeaneth Magelen , Lidasan Asraf , Buday Zafrullah , Casim Lothy , Cabasan Ma. Teodora , Pimentel Jonald , Tamon Florie Jane , Agduma Angelo 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Biodiversity loss is a growing concern globally, but there’s a lack of knowledge on where to focus conservation efforts. It is therefore essential to determine priorities and barriers to biodiversity knowledge generation. In this context, we present evidence from the Philippines on how sociopolitical instability drives biodiversity shortfall. Our study showed that conflict leads to fewer biodiversity records, with low-conflict areas having higher turnover by more than 50%. Further, tree cover loss is lower in high-conflict areas. Security risks due to sociopolitical conflicts can significantly affect biodiversity recording efforts, potentially leading to underestimating species diversity in these regions. This study highlights the link between conflicts and biodiversity shortfalls, and the negative impact on biodiversity documentation efforts. While rare positive consequences exist, they are incidental and overall negative. Addressing the convergence of conflict, extremism, and biodiversity conservation is crucial for safeguarding ecosystems and human and nature's well-being.