bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants for adherence to the Mediterranean diet beyond the boundaries: A cross-sectional study from Sharjah the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hashim Mona , Radwan Hadia , Ismail Leila Cheikh , Faris Moez Allslam Ezzat , Mohamad Maysm N , Saleh Sheima T. , Sweid Bisan , Naser Raghad , Hijaz Rahaf , Altaher Rania , Rashed Eman , Turki Eman , Kitbi Mahra Al 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Substantial evidence embraced the nutrition competence of the Mediterranean diet (MD) as a healthy model for decreasing risk of many chronic diseases and increasing longevity, with the bonus of ensuring environmental sustainability. Measuring adherence to this diet is marginally investigated in the Gulf region, an away of the Mediterranean region. The objectives of this study aimed to assess adherence to MD among adults in the Sharjah Emirate of the United Arab Emirates and to identify the relationship between adherence level with the sociodemographic, health status, and lifestyle parameters of the participants.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study that included 1340 male and female subjects. Data collection was performed using a self-reported web-based electronic questionnaire that included sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, while adherence to the MD was assessed by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener validated questionnaire.
Results
There was a moderate adherence score (5.9 ± 1.9) among the study participants. The lowest contribution to the MD food components was from fish (9.3%), followed by fruits (12.3%), and legumes (18.3%). The adjusted model of the multivariable linear regression analysis showed an overall significant linear trend for the association between the MD adherence score and variables studied outcomes. Physical activity, nutrition information from dietitians, and social media were the most strongly related predictors for higher adherence (β = 0.747; 95% CI 0.51–0.98, and β 0.60; 95% CI 0.269–0.93; p < 0.001, respectively. While smokers and non-Mediterranean participants were associated with lower adherence scores (β = 0.538; 95% CI 0.252–0.82, p < 0.001.
Conclusion
The findings of the current study enlighten the public health and nutrition specialists/dietitians to tailor intervention programs and to establish new modern approaches for promoting healthy dietary behaviours consistent with the MD.
Fostering Green Economic Growth: Exploring the Synergy of Green Innovation, Energy Efficiency, and Foreign Direct Investment in OECD Nations
Authors: Khan Junaid , Naheed Rehana , Shaheen Waseem Abbas , Nauman Muhammad 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Due to continuous increase in economic growth all over the world, countries have faced increasing environmental and social issues. Due to harmful environmental consequences of economic growth, green economic growth is vital for sustainable development. However, despite its significance, the driving factors of green growth remain underexplored in empirical evidence. Moreover, technological innovation, efficient energy consumption and investment in green projects may direct the movement of green growth. Therefore, this study looks at how green innovation, energy efficiency and foreign direct investment impact on sustainable economic growth in OECD countries. The study's data ranged from 2000 to 2019 and collected from WDI and OECD databases. Cross-Sectional Dependency, Unit Root test, and Pannel Cointegration test were used in this study to address the data problems. We use Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lags (CS-ARDL) estimator for long and short runs and Augmented Mean Group (AMG) test to check the robustness. The results show that green innovation, energy Efficiency and foreign direct investment affect green economic development significantly and positively, both over the long and short runs and help to improve sustainable economic development in OECD countries.
Novel artificial nerve transplantation of human iPSC-derived neurite bundles enhanced nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Nishijima Takayuki , Okuyama Kentaro , Shibata Shinsuke , Kimura Hiroo , Shinozaki Munehisa , Nakayama Junpei , Hayatsu Manabu , Uchiyama Keiko , Shindo Tomoko , Niiyama Eri , Toita Sayaka , Kawada Jiro , Iwamoto Takuji , Nakamura Masaya , Okano Hideyuki , Nagoshi Narihito 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Severe peripheral nerve damage always requires surgical treatment. Autologous nerve transplantation is a standard treatment, but it is not sufficient due to length limitations and extended surgical time. Even with the available artificial nerves, there is still large room for improvement in their therapeutic effects. Novel treatments for peripheral nerve injury are greatly expected.
Methods
Using a specialized microfluidic device, we generated artificial neurite bundles from human iPSC-derived motor and sensory nerve organoids. We developed a new technology to isolate cell-free neurite bundles from spheroids. Transplantation therapy was carried out for large nerve defects in rat sciatic nerve with novel artificial nerve conduit filled with lineally assembled sets of human neurite bundles. Quantitative comparisons were performed over time to search for the artificial nerve with the therapeutic effect, evaluating the recovery of motor and sensory functions and histological regeneration. In addition, a multidimensional unbiased gene expression profiling was carried out by using next-generation sequencing.
Result
After transplantation, the neurite bundle-derived artificial nerves exerted significant therapeutic effects, both functionally and histologically. Remarkably, therapeutic efficacy was achieved without immunosuppression, even in xenotransplantation. Transplanted neurite bundles fully dissolved after several weeks, with no tumor formation or cell proliferation, confirming their biosafety. Posttransplant gene expression analysis highlighted the immune system’s role in recovery.
Conclusion
The combination of newly developed microfluidic devices and iPSC technology enables the preparation of artificial nerves from organoid-derived neurite bundles in advance for future treatment of peripheral nerve injury patients. A promising, safe, and effective peripheral nerve treatment is now ready for clinical application.
Performance of multi-regional radiomics features and clinical-radiological variables in the prognostic analysis and risk stratification of single hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Leyao , Feng Bing , Liang Meng , Li Dengfeng , Cong Rong , Chen Zhaowei , Wu Jing , Ma Xiaohong , Zhao Xinming 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
To develop multi-regional radiomics models to evaluate the prognosis of single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy and stratify risk by combining radiomics features with clinical-radiological variables.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 207 patients with single HCC after surgery (training set:validation set = 144:63). Different volumes of interest (VOIs) were constructed to extract radiomics features, and the model with the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was considered optimal. Prognostic clinical-radiological variables were identified via univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A combined model incorporating radiomics features and clinical-radiological variables was utilized to predict outcomes and stratify recurrence risk. The Kaplan–Meier method and the log–rank tests were applied to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS). Calibration curves and decision curve analysis were employed to assess performance of the combined model.
Results
Among the multi-regional radiomics models, the model based on VOItumor + 5mm had the highest AUC of 0.803. Multivariate analysis identified age, cirrhosis, hepatitis, albumin-bilirubin grade, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level, microvascular invasion, and mosaic architecture as risk factors of RFS. The combined model achieved C-indexes of 0.820 and 0.694 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analyses suggested that the combined model might be a non-invasive and reliable approach for assessing clinical outcomes and accomplishing relapse risk stratification.
Conclusion
The VOItumor+5mm-based radiomics model in conjunction with clinical-radiological variables can satisfactorily stratify risk for patients with single HCC ≤ 5 cm.
Mesoporous SBA-15 supported Ru nanoparticles for effective hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate at room temperature
Authors: Yang Jie , Hu Yongshiling , Yang Qi , Guan Yejun 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Mesoporous materials have found wide application as catalyst supports. In this study, we have shown that Ru nanoparticles supported on SBA-15 are highly active toward hydrogenation of biomass-derived ethyl levulinate (EL) even at room temperature. A series of Ru loaded SBA-15 (xRu-SBA-15, x = 1, 3, and 5 wt% Ru) were prepared by a deposition-precipitation method and further reduced with NaBH4. TEM images suggest that the reduction with NaBH4 led to the formation of Ru particle with size in range of 1–2 nm. These finely distributed Ru nanoparticles on SBA-15 showed high activity for hydrogenation of C = O group of EL at room temperature and low H2 pressure (0.5 MPa), with ethyl hydroxyl pentanonate (EHP) selectivity of 97%. Kinetics study showed that the Ru nanoparticles in proper size (2.1 ± 0.1 nm) gave a low apparent activation energy (Ea) about 20 kJ/mol for C = O hydrogenation. Moreover, 3Ru-SBA-15 displayed a good reusability, on which the EL conversion remained stable (~ 80%) after six recycles. The produced EHP could be further converted to gamma valerolactone (GVL) over HZMS-5 efficiently upon thermal treatment.
Associations Between Sleep Traits and Colorectal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Meng Xiangyue , Fan Enshuo , Lv Dan , Yang Yongjing , Liu Shixin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between sleep and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been observed in many previous studies, however, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking. This study aimed to assess whether five major sleep characteristics are causally related to colorectal cancer risk through using Mendelian randomization(MR).
Methods
In this study, we performed the main MR analysis using inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, and weighted median. Independent genetic variants associated with five sleep-related traits (chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, daytime napping, and daytime sleepiness) were selected as instrumental variables from the published Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to assess the causal between sleep traits with CRC. We also performed sensitivity analyses to reduce bias and ensure the robustness of the results.
Results
MR analyses suggested that chronotype has an adverse effect on CRC risk(IVW, OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01–1.44, P = 0.029). While, there is no evidence to support a causal relationship between sleep duration, insomnia, daytime napping, and daytime sleepiness and CRC by the IVW method.
Conclusions
Our MR results indicate that chronotype promotes the occurrence of CRC. People should change their sleeping habits to decrease the risk of CRC.
Brain Network Dynamics Following Induced Acute Stress: A Neural Marker of Psychological Vulnerability to Real-Life Chronic Stress
Authors: Segal Adva , Charquero-Ballester Marina , Vaisvaser Sharon , Cabral Joana , Ben-Zion Ziv , Vidaurre Diego , Stark Eloise , McManners Hugh , Woolrich Mark , Ehlers Anke , Bar-Haim Yair , Hendler Talma , Kringelbach Morten 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Stress engages multiple neurobiological modifications and a failure to regulate these may lead to chronic psychiatric problems. Despite considerable research, it remains unclear how neural alterations of acute stress reflect the ability to cope with chronic stress. The current longitudinal study examined the whole-brain network dynamics following induced acute stress and its prediction of vulnerability to real-life chronic stress. 60 military pre-deployment soldiers (all male) underwent a lab-induced stress task during which resting fMRI was acquired before stress, after stress, and at recovery (90 minutes later). Subjective stress was repeatedly measured during the experiment. Depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms were also evaluated, as well as a year later during military deployment. A time-varying analysis was applied to characterize the dominant activity of different states as they change over time. Findings reveal that, from acute stress to recovery, the frontoparietal and subcortical states decrease in dominance in favor of the default mode network, sensorimotor, and visual states. Moreover, rebalancing of the frontoparietal state activity is related to successful psychological recovery. Lastly, elevated activity of the frontoparietal state is related to vulnerability to chronic stress as indicated by depressive symptoms. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that recovery from acute stress involves the downregulation of cognitive-emotional functioning states (i.e., the frontoparietal and the subcortical states), and an enhancement of self-awareness and sensory-perception states. Moreover, the high dominance of the frontoparietal state is suggested as a potential neural marker of psychological vulnerability to chronic stress.
Ultrasound Diagnosis of First Trimester Umbilical Cord Entanglement in Monochorionic Monoamniotic Twins - Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liberty Gad , Reyzer Sarit Mash , Shenhav Simon , Anteby Eyal Y , Cohen Sarah M , Yagel Simcha 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Diagnosis of umbilical cord entanglement (UCE) by ultrasound (US) in monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twins in the second and third trimesters is common. However, only a few cases have been reported on the diagnosis of UCE as early as the first trimester. Herein, we report a case of the earliest-ever sonographic diagnosis of UCE and demonstrate the feasibility of its diagnosis by US.
Case presentation:
A 32 y.o. gravida 2 para 1 woman conceived after assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. In transvaginal US examination at 8.5 gestational weeks, two embryos with regular heartbeats, in the same amniotic sac and with only one yolk sac, were demonstrated. The fetal crown-rump lengths were 20 and 21 mm, appropriate for 8.4 and 8.5 gestational weeks, respectively. HD-flow power Doppler 2D and 3D US demonstrated two tightly entangled umbilical cords of the two fetuses. Spectral Doppler US showed two different heart rates (162 and 167 beats per minute) and blood flow in opposite directions from the point of entanglement of the two umbilical cords. This was consistent with a diagnosis of a first-trimester MCMA pregnancy with UCE. Missed abortion of the two embryos was diagnosed by US examination at 10.5 weeks, and the pregnancy was terminated by dilatation and curettage without further complications.
Conclusions
UCE in the first trimester may occur as early as eight gestational weeks, and its diagnosis by ultrasound is feasible. UCE diagnosed in the first trimester may be a poor prognostic factor.
LATS1/2 Loss Promote Tumor Immune Evasion in Endometrial Cancer through Downregulating MHC-I Expression
Authors: Yang Qianlan , Lv Zehen , Wang Mengfei , Kong Mengwen , Zhong Cheng , Gao Kun , Wan Xiaoping 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
LATS1/2 are frequently mutated and down-regulated in endometrial cancer (EC), but the contributions of LATS1/2 in EC progression remains unclear. Impaired antigen presentation due to mutations or downregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) has been implicated in tumor immune evasion. Herein, we elucidate the oncogenic role that dysregulation of LATS1/2 in EC leads to immune evasion through the down-regulation of MHC-I.
Methods
The mutation and expression as well as the clinical significance of LATS1/2 in EC was assessed in the TCGA cohort and our sample cohort. CRISPR-Cas9 was used to construct knockout cell lines of LATS1/2 in EC. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed by RNA-seq. The interaction between LATS1/2 and STAT1 was verified using co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down. Mass spectrometry, in vitro kinase assays, ChIP-qPCR, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy were performed to investigate the regulation of LATS1/2 on MHC-I through interaction with and phosphorylate STAT1. The killing effect of activated PBMCs on EC cells were used to monitor anti-tumor activity.
Results
Here, we demonstrate that LATS1/2 are frequently mutated and down-regulated in EC. Moreover, LATS1/2 loss was found to be associated with a significant down-regulation of MHC-I, independently of the Hippo-YAP pathway. Instead, LATS1/2 were found to directly interact with and phosphorylate STAT1 at Ser727, a crucial transcription factor for MHC-I upregulation in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling, to promote STAT1 accumulating and moving into the nucleus to enhance the transcriptional activation of IRF1/NLRC5 on MHC-I. Additionally, the loss of LATS1/2 was observed to confer increased resistance of EC cells to immune cell-mediated killing and this resistance could be reversed by over-expression of MHC-I.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that dysregulation of LATS1/2 in EC leads to immune evasion through the down-regulation of MHC-I, leading to the suppression of infiltrating activated CD8 + T cells and highlight the importance of LATS1/2 in IFN-γ signaling-mediated tumor immune response, suggesting that LATS1/2 is a promising target for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in EC.
Effect of esketamine on postpartum depression and pain control after caesarean section: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Li Shurong , Zhuo Zhifang , Li Renwei , Guo Kaikai 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background
Postpartum depression (PPD) after cesarean delivery is a common complication. Esketamine's effects on PPD in women undergoing cesarean section remain contradictory, despite ketamine's prophylactic effects. This study evaluated the effect of esketamine as an adjunct to patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) to prevent PPD in women undergoing caesarean section.
Methods
A total of 275 parturients scheduled for caesarean section and subsequent PCIA were recruited from a single centre and randomised to control (sufentanil 2 µg/kg + tropisetron 10 mg) or esketamine (additional esketamine 1.5 mg/kg). The primary outcome was the incidence of PPD, as measured by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), following surgery. Secondary outcomes were cumulative sufentanil consumption, numerical rating scale (NRS) scores, stress hormone levels and biomarkers of PPD.
Results
A total of 246 postpartum women with caesarean delivery were included in the final analysis. The incidence of depression among parturients on postoperative day 42 was higher in the control group compared to the esketamine group, with rates of 17.6% and 8.2% respectively (P = 0.02). The EPDS scores were significantly higher in the control group, with a mean score of 9.02 ± 2.21 vs. 6.87 ± 2.14 in the esketamine group (p < 0.0001). Sufentanil consumption was significantly lower in the esketamine group in the 0–24 h (42.5 ± 4.58 µg vs 50.15 ± 5.47 µg, P = 0.04) and 0–48 h (87.40 ± 9.51 µg vs 95.10 ± 9.36 µg, P = 0.04) postoperative periods compared to the control group. Significant differences in movement were observed between the two groups at 24 and 48 hours after cesarean section (3.39 ± 1.57 vs 4.50 ± 0.80, P = 0.02; 2.43 ± 0.87 vs 3.56 ± 0.76, P = 0.02). Furthermore, the plasma level of stress hormone was significantly lower on postoperative day 3 in the esketamine group compared to the control group. The frequency of side effects observed in both groups was comparable.
Conclusions
Esketamine (1.5 mg/kg) used as a supplement in PCIA significantly decreases the occurrence of PPD in 42 days and reduced cumulative sufentanil consumption in a span of 48 hours post-cesarean operation, without raising the rate of adverse effects.
Trial registration:
Registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200067054) on December 26, 2022.
Comparison of outcome between sole operation and operation after tube thoracostomy in late phase empyema
Authors: Tong Shao-Syuan , Ｗang Bing-Yen , Chen Yi-Ling , Cheng Ya-Fu , Cheng Ching-Yuan , Huang Chang-Lun , Hung Wei-Heng 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: The study investigated whether surgical decortication with or without pre-operative tube thoracostomy for phase II and III empyema have equal outcomes.Methods: We included 1,042 patients with phase II or III empyema underwent surgical decortication from January 2012 to December 2021. Patients were classified into two groups: sole operation, operation after tube thoracostomy. Primary outcomes were peri-operative and in-hospital characteristics. Secondary outcomes analyzed 1-year overall survival rate and 1-year event free survival.Results: 620 patients after 1: 1 propensity matching score were conducted. The sole operation group had significant lower hospital mortality and 30-day re-intervention rate and shorter duration between diagnosis to operation, operation time, ICU stay, ventilator duration, and hospital stay. The sole operation group also had higher 1-year overall free survival and 1 event free survival.Conclusions: The first intervention for advanced stage empyema is crucial. Even patients finally received operation, pre-operative tube thoracostomy could lead to poor outcomes. Surgical management directly for phase II and III empyema is simpler and more effective.
Above and below-ground responses to contrasting soil phosphorus distribution by mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) cultivars with diverse phenology
Authors: Singh Vijaya , Collins Marisa , Bell Mike 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background and Aim Deep placement of fertiliser has been providing strong productivity responses in rainfed cropping systems on Vertisols soils in north-eastern Australia. However, genotypic differences in root system architecture (RSA) can play an important role in response to various P rates and placement strategies. In this study we tested for genetic variation in RSA and its impact on the ability to exploit deep P bands among four contrasting, early to late maturing mungbean varieties.
Methods Differences in soil P status and distribution were established by varying rates of applied P and the volume of soil P enrichment in shallow (top 5cm) and deeper (20-25cm) profile layers in root observation chambers. Intact RSA was measured in the top 30cm and bottom 30cm sections of the soil profile.
Results Shallower placement of P fertiliser resulted in a wider root growth angle compared with other P treatments, whereas deeper placements resulted in greater mean root diameter and total root volume. Deep banding and deeper P-enriched sub layer treatments tended to advance the flowering and increased the mungbean pod yield for the more responsive early maturing var. Berken, without influencing the total root surface area, P uptake or shoot P concentration. This cultivar showed the lowest shoot P concentrations, least P uptake and greatest internal phosphorus use efficiency.
Conclusion The varietal differences in RSA and root functioning played a major role in response to P placement strategies, where the strongest P response was observed with the deep P band fertiliser treatment for crop performance.