bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralogical differences between seam and prism material in loess‐derived fragipans in western Kentucky
Authors: Shepard Christopher , Somerville Hannah , Matocha Christopher , Ramsey Rebecca C. , Obura Pamela A. , McCauley Matt 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFragipan horizons are common diagnostic subsurface features typically identified by their dense, brittle nature under field conditions. Fragipan horizons are often hypothesized to contain various silicate bonding agents, including phyllosilicates, amorphous aluminosilicates/silica, and silica sorbed to iron oxyhydroxides. However, the association of silica (Si) with other minerals in these horizons remains uncertain. To fill this knowledge gap, we sampled the prism and seam material of four loess‐derived fragipan horizons in western Kentucky. We characterized and compared the clay mineral composition of the prism and seam material using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), selective extractions, and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Fragipan prism and seam material exhibited a mixed clay mineralogy comprised of vermiculite, mixed layer minerals (hydroxyl‐interlayered vermiculite), illite, kaolinite, and quartz. We identified goethite in fragipan prisms in much greater quantities when compared to seam material, confirmed by both XRD and DRIFTS and corroborated by higher dithionite‐extractable iron in prisms. DRIFT spectra showed a peak near 3180 cm−1 assigned to OH‐stretching mode of goethite, which was prominent in prism materials. Goethite 110 XRD peak positions were negatively correlated to dithionite‐extractable aluminum (Al) and Si content of the prism material, which may suggest greater Si sorbed to the surfaces of Al‐substituted goethite. These results demonstrate the potential importance of Al‐substituted goethite in fragipan prisms and provide insight about possible associations with Si.
Artificial intelligence for atrial fibrillation detection, prediction, and treatment: A systematic review of the last decade (2013–2023)
Authors: Salvi Massimo , Acharya Madhav R. , Seoni Silvia , Faust Oliver , Tan Ru‐San , Barua Prabal Datta , García Salvador , Molinari Filippo , Acharya U. Rajendra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) affects more than 30 million individuals worldwide, making it the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia on a global scale. This systematic review summarizes recent advancements in applying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for AF detection, prediction, and guiding treatment selection and risk stratification. In adherence with the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses), a total of 171 pertinent studies conducted between 2013 and 2023 were examined. Studies applying machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) to electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), wearable data, and other sources were evaluated. For AF detection, most works employed DL (48 studies) and ML (28 studies) on ECG data. DL methods directly analyzed ECG waveforms and outperformed approaches relying on hand‐crafted features. For prediction and risk stratification, 22 studies used ML while 7 leveraged DL on ECG. An emerging trend showed the growing potential of PPG for AF screening. Overall, AI demonstrated promising capabilities across various AF‐related tasks. However, real‐world implementation faces challenges including a lack of interpretability, the need for multimodal data integration, prospective performance validation, and regulatory compliance. Future research directions involve quantifying model uncertainty, enhancing transparency, and conducting population‐based clinical trials to facilitate translation into practice.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Health Care
Application Areas > Science and Technology
Technologies > Artificial Intelligence
Future Battery Market
Authors: Wolf Stefan , Lüken Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the future trends in the battery market and analyzes the mutual interdependence of market demands and technological advances. First, most recent market volume projections are summarized, and the related uncertainties are described. Next, the interaction of foreseeable developments in battery technologies and demand scenarios is discussed along most relevant battery use cases. It turns out that current KPI expectations on the demand side and projected KPI on the supply side do not fully coincide yet. However, the market introduction of novel cell chemistries as well as improvements in cell design, manufacturing processes, and advanced material recycling concepts bears large potential for improving the efficiency of the overall battery supply chain and reducing costs. This chapter concludes that technological research and development, collaboration within the battery industry, public funding, and a stringent strategic research agenda are essential to secure the accelerating market growth for batteries.
Die „ungebundene Freiheit der Poesie“. Metrik, Reim, Religion und Politik in den frühen deutschen Übersetzungen von Miltons Paradise Lost
Authors: Klimek Sonja , Schindler Kilian 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungThis chapter discusses the first German translation of Paradise Lost, which was begun by Theodor Haak and revised, completed, and published by Ernst Gottlieb von Berg in 1682. After situating Haak and Berg in their social, political, and religious contexts, we consider the several processes of linguistic, political, and metrical translation involved in this publication – not only from Milton to Haak, but also from Haak to Berg’s revision. While Haak retains the political topicality of Milton’s poem, Berg’s version neutralises its republican dimension in favour of an aesthetic and religious interpretation, which was eventually also championed by Johann Jakob Bodmer in his influential prose translation of Paradise Lost (1732). Notably, Berg’s edition is also the first published work of blank verse in German literature. However, while Haak closely reproduces the liberties of Milton’s poetic form, Berg consistently regularises Haak’s metre in terms of Opitz’ principle of alternation.
Übersetzung des Mediums – Medialität der Übersetzung. Die deutschen Ausgaben der Schriften Jane Leades
Authors: van de Löcht Joana 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungThis article examines the German translations of the English visionary Jane Leade (1623–1704). The co-founder of the London „Philadelphian Society“ published numerous religious writings from 1681 onwards, which were translated into German by Loth Fischer starting in the mid-1690s. Fischer’s translations are characterised by a high degree of faithfulness to the original. He also supplemented the German editions with additional paratexts to support their reception. The importance of fidelity to the original can be gauged from the traces of reading found in a Viennese copy of „Die Nun brechende und sich zertheilende Himmlische Wolcke“ (1694). In addition, the article asks what influence visions have on central concepts of literary studies such as that of the author or mediality.
Francis Bacon in Deutschland. Johann Wilhelm von Stubenbergs Übersetzung der Essays (1654)
Authors: Werle Dirk 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungThe article is devoted to one of the few 17th century translations of Francis Bacon’s works into German, namely Johann Wilhelm von Stubenberg’s translation of the Essays published in 1654. The genesis of the translation and, in particular, questions concerning the motivation for the project are discussed, as well as Stubenberg’s method of translation. Moreover, the article highlights the context of the publication, namely its anchoring in the network of the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft, as a member of which Stubenberg acted, and the group-specific reading interests and formation of tradition associated with it.
Weibliche Autorschaft im deutsch-englischen Kulturtransfer des 17. Jahrhunderts. Margareta Maria von Buwinghausen und Walmerode und die Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft
Authors: Ball Gabriele 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungMargareta Maria von Buwinghausen and Walmerode (1629-after 1679), born in Lutheran Stuttgart, was the first woman to earn public recognition in the realm of English-German cultural transfer in 17th century Germany. She translated Joseph Hall’s treatise, Heaven upon Earth, from French into German: Waarer und großmütiger Christen Krieg- Sieg- und Frieden-Spiegel. [Tübingen: Werlin 1652]. The young noblewoman wrote her reliable friend, Johann Valentin Andreae, in a surprisingly confident style and tone about the genesis of this translation. Support from the network of largely aristocratic and Protestant Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft, represented by well-known members such as Andreae, Georg Philipp Harsdörffer and Johann Wilhelm von Stubenberg, was fundamental for the realization of the project in order to equalize gender-based obstructions, such as lack of cavalier tours and exclusion from university education. Therewith, in Buwinghausen’s case, members of a ‘European’ society paved the way for a young, ambitious and intellectually alert noblewoman to become an author and thus visible in the early modern republic of letters as well as on the contemporary book market.
(Fehl-)Übersetzung, (Miß-)Deutung? Was die Vernünftigen Tadlerinnen mit The Tatler anstellen
Authors: Kaminski Nicola 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungBased on the variance of early German translations of the Tatler, which appeared from April 1709 onwards – ‘Der Plauderer’ vs. ‘Der Tadler’ – this article takes a walk through the history of meaning. In two synchronous sections in 1716/17 and 1725/26, dictionary entries on the one hand and literary-critical contexts in which the Tatler is referred to on the other are examined. Repeated semantic and performative interweaving between reprimanding and verbal excess can be observed, which suggests that the early word history of ‘Tadel’ or ‘tadeln’ should be investigated. The Teutsche Sprachschatz of 1691, which defines ‘tadeln’ in its basic meaning as an intensified ‘talen’ (‘to make words’), is informative. Against this background, the choice of title and the public appearance of the Vernünftige Tadlerinnen 1725/26 present themselves as an implication-rich ‘translation’ of The Tatler that exhausts the semantic and performative scope, which precisely evades normative judgement in the sense of ‘rebuke’ in favour of linguistic staging.
Transference and Restriction of Bilinear Fourier Multipliers on Orlicz Spaces
Authors: Blasco Oscar , Üster Rüya 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLet G be a locally compact abelian group with Haar measure $$m_G$$

m
G

and let $$\Phi _i$$

Φ
i

, $$i=1,2,3$$

i
=
1
,
2
,
3

, be Young functions. A bounded measurable function m on $$G\times G$$

G
×
G

is a $$(\Phi _1,\Phi _2;\Phi _3)$$

(

Φ
1

,

Φ
2

;

Φ
3

)

-bilinear multiplier if there exists $$C>0$$

C
>
0

such that the bilinear map $$\begin{aligned} B_m (f,g)(\gamma )= \int _{G}\int _{G} m(x,y) {{\hat{f}}}(x) {{\hat{g}}}(y) \gamma (x+y) dm_G(x)dm_G(y), \end{aligned}$$

B
m

(
f
,
g
)

(
γ
)

=

∫
G

∫
G

m

(
x
,
y
)

f
^

(
x
)

g
^

(
y
)

γ

(
x
+
y
)

d

m
G

(
x
)

d

m
G

(
y
)

,

satisfies $$N_{\Phi _3}(B_m(f,g))\le CN_{\Phi _1}(f)N_{\Phi _2}(g)$$

N

Φ
3

(

B
m

(
f
,
g
)

)

≤
C

N

Φ
1

(
f
)

N

Φ
2

(
g
)

for functions in $$f,g\in L^1({{\hat{G}}})$$

f
,
g
∈

L
1

(

G
^

)

such that $${{\hat{f}}},{{\hat{g}}}\in L^1(G)$$

f
^

,

g
^

∈

L
1

(
G
)

. We denote by $${\mathcal {B}}{\mathcal {M}}_{(\Phi _1,\Phi _2;\Phi _3)}(G)$$

B

M

(

Φ
1

,

Φ
2

;

Φ
3

)

(
G
)

the space of all bilinear multipliers on $$G\times G$$

G
×
G

and study some properties of this class. We consider $$(\Phi _1,\Phi _2;\Phi _3)$$

(

Φ
1

,

Φ
2

;

Φ
3

)

-bilinear multipliers on various groups such as $${\mathbb {R}}\times {\mathbb {R}},\, \textbf{D}\times \textbf{D},\, {\mathbb {Z}}\times {\mathbb {Z}}$$

R
×
R
,

D
×
D
,

Z
×
Z

and $${\mathbb {T}}\times {\mathbb {T}}$$

T
×
T

. In particular we prove, under certain assumptions involving the norm of the dilation operator on the Orlicz spaces, that regulated bilinear multipliers in $${\mathcal {B}}{\mathcal {M}}_{(\Phi _1,\Phi _2;\Phi _3)}({\mathbb {R}})$$

B

M

(

Φ
1

,

Φ
2

;

Φ
3

)

(
R
)

coincide with $${\mathcal {B}}{\mathcal {M}}_{(\Phi _1,\Phi _2;\Phi _3)}(\textbf{D})$$

B

M

(

Φ
1

,

Φ
2

;

Φ
3

)

(
D
)

with where $$\textbf{D}$$
D
stands for the real line with the discrete topology. Moreover, we investigate several transference and restriction results on multipliers acting on $${\mathbb {Z}}\times {\mathbb {Z}}$$

Z
×
Z

and $${\mathbb {T}}\times {\mathbb {T}}$$

T
×
T

.
Radiomics in differential diagnosis of Wilms tumor and neuroblastoma with adrenal location in children
Authors: Koska Ilker Ozgur , Ozcan H. Nursun , Tan Aziz Anil , Beydogan Beyza , Ozer Gozde , Oguz Berna , Haliloglu Mithat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Machine learning methods can be applied successfully to various medical imaging tasks. Our aim with this study was to build a robust classifier using radiomics and clinical data for preoperative diagnosis of Wilms tumor (WT) or neuroblastoma (NB) in pediatric abdominal CT.

Material and methods
This is a single-center retrospective study approved by the Institutional Ethical Board. CT scans of consecutive patients diagnosed with WT or NB admitted to our hospital from January 2005 to December 2021 were evaluated. Three distinct datasets based on clinical centers and CT machines were curated. Robust, non-redundant, high variance, and relevant radiomics features were selected using data science methods. Clinically relevant variables were integrated into the final model. Dice score for similarity of tumor ROI, Cohen’s kappa for interobserver agreement among observers, and AUC for model selection were used.

Results
A total of 147 patients, including 90 WT (mean age 34.78 SD: 22.06 months; 43 male) and 57 NB (mean age 23.77 SD:22.56 months; 31 male), were analyzed. After binarization at 24 months cut-off, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for age (p = .07) and gender (p = .54). CT clinic radiomics combined model achieved an F1 score of 0.94, 0.93 accuracy, and an AUC 0.96.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the CT-based clinic-radiologic-radiomics combined model could noninvasively predict WT or NB preoperatively. Notably, that model correctly predicted two patients, which none of the radiologists could correctly predict. This model may serve as a noninvasive preoperative predictor of NB/WT differentiation in CT, which should be further validated in large prospective models.

Clinical relevance statement
CT-based clinic-radiologic-radiomics combined model could noninvasively predict Wilms tumor or neuroblastoma preoperatively.

Key Points
• CT radiomics features can predict Wilms tumor or neuroblastoma from abdominal CT preoperatively.
• Integrating clinic variables may further improve the performance of the model.
• The performance of the combined model is equal to or greater than human readers, depending on the lesion size.
Sd-net: a semi-supervised double-cooperative network for liver segmentation from computed tomography (CT) images
Authors: Huang Shixin , Luo Jiawei , Ou Yangning , shen Wangjun , Pang Yu , Nie Xixi , Zhang Guo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The automatic segmentation of the liver is a crucial step in obtaining quantitative biomarkers for accurate clinical diagnosis and computer-aided decision support systems. This task is challenging due to the frequent presence of noise and sampling artifacts in computerized tomography (CT) images, as well as the complex background, variable shapes, and blurry boundaries of the liver. Standard segmentation of medical images based on full-supervised convolutional networks demands accurate dense annotations. Such a learning framework is built on laborious manual annotation with strict requirements for expertise, leading to insufficient high-quality labels.

Methods
To overcome such limitation and exploit massive weakly labeled data, we relaxed the rigid labeling requirement and developed a semi-supervised double-cooperative network (SD- Net). SD-Net is trained to segment the complete liver volume from preoperative abdominal CT images by using limited labeled datasets and large-scale unlabeled datasets. Specifically, to enrich the diversity of unsupervised information, we construct SD-Net consisting of two collaborative network models. Within the supervised training module, we introduce an adaptive mask refinement approach. First, each of the two network models predicts the labeled dataset, after which adaptive mask refinement of the difference predictions is implemented to obtain more accurate liver segmentation results. In the unsupervised training module, a dynamic pseudo-label generation strategy is proposed. First each of the two models predicts unlabeled data and the better prediction is considered as pseudo-labeling before training.

Results and discussion
Based on the experimental findings, the proposed method achieves a dice score exceeding 94%, indicating its high level of accuracy and its suitability for everyday clinical use.
Multiple Krisen und Globale Produktionsnetzwerke: Neue Sojapartnerschaften zwischen China und Tansania im Rahmen der Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Tups Gideon , Mbunda Richard , Ndunguru Moses , Dannenberg Peter 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel analysiert die Umsetzung eines Handelsabkommens zwischen China und Tansania, welches die tansanische Peripherie als Zulieferregion in das chinesische Produktionsnetzwerk für Sojabohnen integrieren soll. Basierend auf Forschungsdaten aus Tansania betrachtet der Artikel dazu Maßnahmen, die seit der Coronapandemie einen unerwarteten Sojaboom an einem Zulieferende der Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, auch als neue Seidenstraße bekannt) ausgelöst haben. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass China aufgrund des Handelskriegs mit den USA, der Coronapandemie und neuen geopolitischen Konfliktlinien spätestens seit dem Krieg in der Ukraine neue afrikanische Zulieferregionen für Sojabohnen strategisch im Rahmen der Belt and Road Initiative erschließt. Diese krisengetriebenen Interessen konvergieren mit tansanischen Interessen, die historische „Allwetterfreundschaft“ mit China zu revitalisieren und die tansanische Blockfreiheit strategisch zur wirtschaftlichen Transformation des Agrarsektors zu nutzen. Mit Blick auf die angewandte Geographie zeigt das Fallbeispiel deshalb auf, dass der neue geopolitische Zeitgeist, der von Geopolitik und multiplen Krisen gestaltet ist, die dynamische Organisation von Produktionsnetzwerken beeinflusst. Neue, krisenbedingte Imperative erklären dabei emergente Organisationsformen, die nicht nur überraschende Akteure zusammenbringen, sondern auch überraschende Räume transformativ formen.
Analysis of adjacent vertebral fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty: do radiological or surgical features matter?
Authors: Tang Benqiang , Liu Liang , Cui Libin , Wang Yanhui , Yuan Xin , Liu Yadong , Chen Xueming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To report the incidence and risk factors of adjacent vertebral fracture (AVF) after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). We focused to investigate effect of radiological or surgical features on AVF.

Methods
All patients with OVCFs who were treated with PVP between January 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were followed up at least 12 months after procedure according to treatment protocol. AVF was defined as postoperatively recurrent intractable back pain and subsequently presence of fracture on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adjacent levels. Clinical, radiological, and surgical factors potentially affecting occurrence of AVF were recorded and analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
Totally, 1077 patients with 1077 fractured vertebrae who underwent PVP were enrolled in the study, after inclusion and exclusion criteria were met. Mean follow-up time was 24.3 ± 11.9 months (range, 12–59 months). AVF was identified in 98 (9.1%) patients. Univariate analysis showed that seven significant factors related to AVF were older age, non-traumatic fracture, cortical disruption on anterior wall, cortical disruption on lateral wall, basivertebral foramen, type-B leakage and type-C leakage. In multivariate analysis, two clinical factors, older age (P = 0.031) and non-traumatic fracture (P = 0.002), were significantly associated with AVF. However, any radiological or surgical factor did not reach significance in final model analysis.

Conclusions
Incidence of AVF after PVP in patients with OVCFs was 9.1% (98/1077). Older age and non-traumatic fracture were two clinical risk factors for AVF. Neither radiological nor surgical feature was significantly correlated with AVF.
Critical ICP thresholds in relation to outcome: Is 22 mmHg really the answer?
Authors: Riparbelli Agnes C. , Capion Tenna , Møller Kirsten , Mathiesen Tiit I. , Olsen Markus H. , Forsse Axel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Intensive care for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) aims, among other tasks, at avoiding high intracranial pressure (ICP), which is perceived to worsen motor and cognitive deficits and increase mortality. International recommendations for threshold values for ICP were increased from 20 to 22 mmHg in 2016 following the findings in a study by Sorrentino et al., which were based on an observational study of patients with TBI of averaged ICP values. We aimed to reproduce their approach and validate the findings in a separate cohort.

Methods
Three hundred thirty-one patients with TBI were included and categorised according to survival/death and favourable/unfavourable outcome at 6 months (based on Glasgow Outcome Score—Extended of 6–8 and 1—5, respectively). Repeated chi-square tests of survival and death (or favourable and unfavourable outcome) vs. high and low ICP were conducted with discrimination between high and low ICP sets at increasing values (integers) between 10 and 35 mmHg, using the average ICP for the entire monitoring period. The ICP limit returning the highest chi-square score was assumed to be the threshold with best discriminative ability. This approach was repeated after stratification by sex, age, and initial Glasgow Coma Score (GCS).

Results
An ICP limit of 18 mmHg was found for both mortality and unfavourable outcome for the entire cohort. The female and the low GCS subgroups both had threshold values of 18 mmHg; for all other subgroups, the threshold varied between 16 and 30 mmHg. According to a multiple logistic regression analysis, age, initial GCS, and average ICP are independently associated with mortality and outcome.

Conclusions
Using identical methods and closely comparable cohorts, the critical thresholds for ICP found in the study by Sorrentino et al. could not be reproduced.