bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of knowledge, attitude, and perception toward LGBTQ people amongst medical students
Authors: Sorathiya Reeva , Bharati Anup , Patil Ayushree , Gorade Sharad 
Published: November 2023

Background:
People across cultures have had negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discriminatory attitudes toward the LGBTQ community for many years. Unfortunately, this perception exists within the medical fraternity as well, which in turn has a negative impact on the provision of healthcare facilities to individuals. Change in awareness and perception of LGBTQ among medical undergraduate students may remedy the situation.

Aim:
To find out the knowledge, attitude, and perception of medical graduates toward the LGBTQ community.

Materials and Methods:
The study is a cross-sectional observation study and was designed as an online survey using stratified random sampling incorporating the questions from California State University, Northridge (CSUN) questionnaire, Acceptance of Homosexuals (AHO), Homosexuality Attitude Scale (HAS), and relevant sociodemographic details. The data were collected using Google Forms for 3 months.

Result:
A total of 300 medical undergraduate students were included in the study. Around 87.6% (n = 263) of participants are comfortable having a friend with a homosexual orientation in their circle and 63% (n = 189) disagree that the acceptance of LGBTQ people has anything to do with the morality of our society.

Conclusion:
Although the overall knowledge and attitude of medical graduates toward LGBTQ is positive, a considerable percentage of students have negative attitudes. Despite the overwhelmingly accepting attitudes and perceptions, some individuals are slightly reluctant to interact comfortably with LGBTQ people. Medical students need to be trained to maintain a non-homophobic attitude.
Depression among rheumatoid arthritis patients and barriers to seeking professional help: An observational study
Authors: Panjrattan Carol , Chauhan VS , Nath Shubhranshu , Singh Kartikeya R. , Banyal Navdeep , Bajwa Manpreet K. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
A few studies have reported the association of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with emotional changes including anxiety and depression. There is a paucity of Indian studies in this area.

Aim:
To assess depression and its correlates in diagnosed cases of RA.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional and hospital-based study. A total of 70 patients with RA fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their demographic characteristics were recorded. They were individually assessed with the Clinical Disease Activity Index, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Barriers to Access Care Evaluation, and Beck Depression Inventory. Statistical analysis was undertaken with SPSS.

Results:
In the patients with RA the prevalence of depression was 44.2%. Analysis revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between depression with the severity of RA. Barriers to help-seeking were mainly attitudinal rather than stigma-related or instrumental barriers.

Conclusion:
In the RA patients, the prevalence of depression was 44.2%. Clinical disease activity and the pain index were higher in patients with depression.
Community's perception of lockdown ascribed to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nagar Akash , Chaklader Biswajit , Ray Suman , Rathod Hetal , Srivastava Kajal , Banerjee Amitav 
Published: November 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a mandatory nationwide lockdown from March 24, 2020. In this difficult and unprecedented time, the requirement to adapt to lockdown and a forced stay-at-home had an impact on people's lives.

Aim:
Community's perception of lockdown ascribed to COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done on individuals aged 18 and above across India, to assess their perception regarding lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was carried out using a semi-structured questionnaire, where the data were collected via Google Forms and analyzed via Epi info 7. The questionnaire comprised of how individuals perceived the lockdown, and how COVID-19 news circulating on various social media platforms and news channels affected their mental health.

Results:
The study included a total of 552 individuals. The study found that the lockdown was supported by 47% of respondents. 69.9% participants acknowledged that during lockdown, a huge amount of COVID-19 news was being disseminated, while 67.2% of individuals were overly preoccupied with thinking about preventative measures. As a result of being confined indoors, 59% of respondents thought their screen time had increased.

Conclusion:
Respondents perceived that the lockdown had its benefits and drawbacks. They were impacted by the flood of information from various social media platforms as well and there was an increase in screen time.
Quality of online media reports of suicide and attempted suicide in India
Authors: Shamla Fatima , Ali Tahoora , Chaudhari Bhushan , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saldanha Daniel 
Published: November 2023

Background:
News media reporting of suicide may influence the masses toward or against suicidal behavior. So, responsible reporting by news media is important to protect vulnerable people from the deleterious effects of media reporting. World Health Organization has issued guidelines for media reporting of suicide in this regard. We planned this research to evaluate the quality of online news media reports of suicide and attempted suicides in India.

Material and Methods:
We assessed a total of 210 news reports about suicide and attempted suicides (70 English, 70 Malayalam, and 70 Hindi) to evaluate the reporting of harmful and protective characteristics in news according to the World Health Organization guidelines for reporting suicide in media.

Results:
We found all three language media reported almost all potentially harmful characteristics with gender (100%), location/site of suicide in the headline (97.61%), precipitating life events (95.24%), mentioning term ‘Suicide’ in the headline (98.10%), monocausal explanation for suicidality (90.95%), suicide method in the headline (90.95%), an accompanying photo (92.38%), and suicide method (93.81%) being reported with highest frequency. Potentially protective characteristics were not included in most news reports with poor focus on awareness information. Vernacular language media were poor as compared to English news media about the quality of reporting suicide.

Conclusion:
We found poor adherence to reporting guidelines by online news media for reporting of suicide with poor coverage of educative and awareness information for the general public. It underlines the need for improving awareness among media professionals about responsible reporting of suicide.
Assessment of supernatural attitude toward mental health among tribal and non-tribal populations
Authors: Ali Tahoora , Deshmukh Shilpa , Kumar Santosh , Chaudhury Suprakash , Verma Pankaj Kumar , Kelkar Parisha 
Published: November 2023

Background:
In India, only about 10% of persons with psychiatric illnesses receive evidence-based treatments. Stigma, mistrust in allopathic medicine, allegiance toward faith healers, cultural and traditional practices, and beliefs are some of the major hindrances to the treatment of mentally ill patients.

Aim:
To assess supernatural attitudes toward mental health among tribal and non-tribal populations.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 subjects were included in the study after informed consent, 50 of whom were tribal and 50 non-tribal. All were required to fill a self-constructed proforma, the Supernatural Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ), and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form (ATSPPH-SF). The scales were scored, compiled, and statistically analyzed.

Results:
The tribal and non-tribal subjects were well-matched on socio-demographic variables. The score of SAQ was significantly higher in the tribal group as compared to the non-tribal group. On the ATSPPH-SF, the scores of the two groups were not significant.

Conclusion:
Even though the tribal populations of India hold a higher supernatural attitude toward mental illnesses as compared to the non-tribal populations, their treatment-seeking attitude remains unaffected.
“Insert flipping technique:” An effective way of restoring segmental lordosis and disc height with tall bullet cages
Authors: Kulkarni Arvind G. , Kumar Priyambada , Chadalavada Aditya R. S. S. , Adbalwad Yogesh 
Published: November 2023

Study Design:
The study design was a retrospective study.

Objective:
The objectives of the present study are dual; to describe a simple and effective way of restoring intervertebral disc (IVD) height by the “Insert Flip Technique” of cage insertion and to demonstrate effective restoration of IVD height and segmental lordosis (SL) and their influence on the functional outcome postoperatively.

Methods:
IVD height and SL were recorded pre- and postoperatively. Each motion segment was instrumented with pedicle screws to allow segmental stabilization. Patients were called for follow-up at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year postoperatively and were assessed clinically for back pain and leg pain (VAS and Oswestry Disability Index scores recorded).
The bullet cages are designed such that they are lordotic in the superior-inferior plane and neutral in the mediolateral plane. Usually, the cage is inserted with superior and inferior surfaces of the cage impacting against superior and inferior end plates of the adjacent vertebral body. However, with the proposed technique, the cages were inserted such that the narrower mediolateral surfaces of the cage engaged with superior and inferior vertebral end plates. The cage was then flipped within the disc space such that the superior-inferior surfaces of the bullet cage impacted against the superior and inferior end plates of the vertebral body to create desired lordosis.

Results:
There was a significant improvement seen in the postoperative Cobb’s angle and disc height after placement of a tall bullet cage compared to the preoperative Cobb’s angle and disc height.

Conclusion:
This modification of technique helped in gaining lordosis with taller bullet cages in minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with no/minimal complication and also reduced the need for bone resection during insertion of the cage.
Lesions of the spinal cord caused by multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the neurosurgical aspects of patient management
Authors: Encarnacion Daniel , Chmutin Gennady E , Bozkurt Ismail , Wellington Jack , Geraldino Emmanuel Batista , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Multiple Myeloma is a B-cell malignancy which can cause variety of lesions of the spine and spinal cord. The management of patients with spinal cord compression (SCC), and the efficacy and security of minimally invasive therapeutic approaches, are the main topics of discussion.

Methods:
To systematically review the scientific literature on neurosurgical aspects of MM spinal cord lesion management, a search was conducted among scientific papers in the databases ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and PubMed using keywords and Boolean operators. These comprise MM and lesions of the spine and spinal cord. Each database was searched from the earliest available article to January 2017.

Results:
According to the literature, low-dose radiotherapy, antimyeloma medications, and bisphosphonates comprise the mainstay management for symptomatic spinal lesions. The decision to operation is based on presence of myelopathy and degree of spinal cord compression.

Conclusions:
As a result of the analysis, the following conclusions may be drawn: (1) surgery is a valuable option for MM patients with symptomatic spinal involvement who experience rapid neurological deterioration with SCC and/or mechanical instability and (2) it is important to ensure that the benefits of surgical treatment outweigh the risks, as patients with MM are susceptible to infections.
Intraoperative occipital to C2 angle and external acoustic meatus-to-axis angular measurements for optimizing alignment during posterior fossa decompression and occipitocervical fusion for complex Chiari malformation
Authors: Han Rachael K. , Chae John K. , Garton Andrew L. A. , Cruz Amanda , Navarro-Ramirez Rodrigo , Hussain Ibrahim , Härtl Roger , Greenfield Jeffrey P. 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Excess flexion or extension during occipitocervical fusion (OCF) can lead to postoperative complications, such as dysphagia, respiratory problems, line of sight issues, and neck pain, but posterior fossa decompression (PFD) and OCF require different positions that require intraoperative manipulation.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to describe quantitative fluoroscopic morphometrics in Chiari malformation (CM) patients with symptoms of craniocervical instability (CCI) and demonstrate the intraoperative application of these measurements to achieve neutral craniocervical alignment while leveraging a single axis of motion with the Mayfield head clamp locking mechanism.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study of patients with CM 1 and 1.5 and features of CCI who underwent PFD and OCF at a single-center institution from March 2015 to October 2020 was performed. Patient demographics, preoperative presentation, radiographic morphometrics, operative details, complications, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 39 patients met the inclusion criteria, of which 37 patients (94.9%) did not require additional revision surgery after PFD and OCF. In this nonrevision cohort, preoperative to postoperative occipital to C2 angle (O-C2a) (13.5° ± 10.4° vs. 17.5° ± 10.1°, P = 0.047) and narrowest oropharyngeal airway space (nPAS) (10.9 ± 3.4 mm vs. 13.1 ± 4.8 mm, P = 0.007) increased significantly. These measurements were decreased in the two patients who required revision surgery due to postoperative dysphagia (mean difference – 16.6°° in O C2a and 12.8°° in occipital and external acoustic meatus to axis angle). Based on these results, these fluoroscopic morphometrics are intraoperatively assessed, utilizing a locking Mayfield head clamp repositioning maneuver to optimize craniocervical alignment prior to rod placement from the occipital plate to cervical screws.

Conclusion:
Establishing a preoperative baseline of reliable fluoroscopic morphometrics can guide surgeons intraoperatively in appropriate patient realignment during combined PFD and OCF, and may prevent postoperative complications.
Cystic dilatation of the ventriculus terminalis: A narrative review
Authors: Atallah Oday , Badary Amr , El-Ghandour Nasser M. F. , Almealawy Yasser F. , Wireko Andrew Awuah , Syrmos Nikolaos , Umana Giuseppe Emmanuele , Al-Barbarawi Mohammad , Ergen Anil , Shrestha Prabin , Chaurasia Bipin 
Published: November 2023

Introduction:
The terminal ventricle, also known as the fifth ventricle, is a tiny relic cavity in the conus medullaris of the human spinal cord. Our purpose in bringing attention to this condition is to get the word out about the signs and symptoms, diagnostic hurdles, and therapeutic options available for it.

Methods:
All relevant studies involving patients diagnosed with ventriculus terminalis (VT) were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies published in complete English language reports were included. The terms VT, terminal ventricle, and 5th ventricle. Age, gender, presenting symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging findings, treatment, and outcome of patients with ventriculus terminalis were all included and recorded.

Results:
The average age of the patients was 39 years, and there were 13 men among them (14.4%). Motor deficits and sciatica were the most commonly reported symptoms in 38 and 34 patients (42.2%, 37.7%), respectively. In 48 patients (53.3%), cyst fenestration was performed, and in 25 patients (27.7%), myelotomy was performed. Fifty-eight patients (64.4%) saw a reduction in cyst size after surgery. The majority of patients reported an improvement in their symptoms in 64 cases (51.1%), with only three cases (3.3%) reporting a worsening.

Conclusions:
In cases where the VT is the source of symptoms such as motor, sensory, or bladder dysfunction, surgical intervention is recommended. This review compiles information from the available literature to shed light on the anatomy, clinical presentation, imaging, and treatment options for this variant. It also aims to pinpoint any potential drawbacks or restrictions connected to the surgical techniques.
Emil Artin: Ein musischer Mathematiker
Authors: Odefey Alexander 
Published: November 2023

Ein Porträt des brillanten Wissenschaftlers Emil Artin als vielseitig interessierten und künstlerisch begabten Menschen sowie als Emigranten, der nach Deutschland zurückkehrte. Emil Artin zählt zu den maßgeblichen Mathematikern des 20. Jahrhunderts. Geboren 1898 in Wien, kam er 1922 nach Hamburg, wo er in seiner wissenschaftlichen Karriere mit bahnbrechenden Arbeiten wesentlich dazu beitrug, dass die Mathematik an der noch jungen Hamburgischen Universität Weltgeltung erlangte. Im Herbst 1937 verließ Artin wegen der NS-Diktatur und der jüdischen Herkunft seiner Ehefrau Natascha Deutschland. Zwei Jahrzehnte lang lebten sie mit den drei gemeinsamen Kindern in den USA. Artin wirkte als Professor an den Universitäten von Notre Dame, Bloomington und Princeton. Im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Emigranten kehrte er nach Deutschland zurück und hatte von 1958 bis zu seinem frühen Tod im Dezember 1962 einen Lehrstuhl an seiner »alten« Universität Hamburg inne. Das Porträt zeigt Emil Artin nicht nur als brillanten Forscher, Lehrer und Vortragenden, sondern als vielseitig interessierten Menschen. Artin hatte eine ausgeprägte Neigung zur Musik, spielte mehrere Instrumente und bewegte sich in einem kreativen Freundeskreis aus bedeutenden Wissenschaftlern und Künstlern. Eine zweimonatige Reise nach Island im Jahr 1925 hielt er in einem Reisetagebuch sowie in Fotografien fest. Emil Artin (1898-1962) kam nach seinem Studium in Wien und Leipzig 1922 als Assistent an das Mathematische Seminar der Hamburgischen Universität, wo er innerhalb weniger Jahre zum Ordinarius aufstieg. Von der NS-Diktatur 1937 ins Exil vertrieben, war er zwei Jahrzehnte lang an amerikanischen Universitäten tätig, bevor er 1958 nach Hamburg zurückkehrte.
"Es gibt keinen direkteren Weg zu mir als über Deine Kunst": Rosa Schapire im Spiegel ihrer Briefe an Karl Schmidt-Rottluff 1950–1954
Authors: Wittek Susanne 
Published: November 2023

Rosa Schapire - emanzipierte Frau, leidenschaftliche Förderin expressionistischer Kunst, entwurzelt im Londoner Exil, aber Kämpferin bis zum Schluss. »Hätte ich im Mittelalter gelebt, ich wäre wohl eine Nonne oder Heilige geworden«, schrieb Rosa Schapire kurz vor ihrem Tod 1954. Um die Jahrhundertwende hatte sie sich gegen traditionelle Rollenbilder und für ein Leben als Intellektuelle entschieden. Als eine der ersten Frauen wurde sie im Fach Kunstgeschichte in Heidelberg promoviert, zog 1905 nach Hamburg und begeisterte sich dort für den gerade aufkommenden Expressionismus – besonders für die Künstlergruppe »Brücke« und Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, den sie später als Mäzenin unterstützte. Ihr Einsatz für die neue Kunstrichtung, die von den Nationalsozialisten als »entartet« verfemt wurde, machte sie – zumal als Jüdin – den Machthabern verdächtig. Der antisemitischen Verfolgung entging sie nur aufgrund ihrer Flucht nach London 1939. Während der Kriegsjahre baute sich Rosa Schapire dort eine neue, allerdings zeitlebens prekäre Existenz u. a. als Übersetzerin auf. Ihre Briefe aus den letzten Lebensjahren an Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, die hier erstmals umfänglich ausgewertet werden, zeigen eine exilierte Frau, die trotz Sorgen und Todessehnsucht, doch immer die Kraft fand, sich für die expressionistische Kunst einzusetzen.
Review Of Marital Rape In Law No. 23 Of 2004 Concerning The Elimination Of Household Violence (TPKDRT), And Law No. 12 Year 2022 Concerning Criminal Acts Of Sexual Violence (TPKS) Feminism Perspective
Authors: Fitriyah Ulfa , Busriyanti Busriyanti , Sa'adah Sri Lumatus 
Published: November 2023

Violations regarding sexual harassment need to be known so far; according to the public perspective, it is generally interpreted as adultery, samen leven (cohabitation), homosexuality, obscenity, prostitution, and acts of violence committed by a man against a woman, both of whom are not married. Such is the scope of sexual harassment that has been understood so far. Often there is no term regarding rape committed by a husband against his wife, or what we are currently familiar with is marital rape. Even marital rape is considered an oxymoron. However, even though it is still ambiguous, the facts that emerge based on reports in various complaint institutions indicate a high prevalence related to marital rape. Therefore this study aims to answer the research problem, Marital Rape in Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence , and Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence ? and How to study the criminal sanctions of Marital Rape in Law no. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence , and Law no. 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence from a Feminism Perspective? This research uses a type of normative legal research using the method of literature and statutory approaches. Data collection techniques using data analysis were carried out using inductive descriptive techniques, the validity of which was content analysis. The results of this research show the elements of marital rape in the Law of concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence , the Crimes of Sexual Violence, sanctions, and how these laws respond to marital rape behavior, and philosophically based on feminist legal theory, the legislation represents the feminist movement itself.
STRENGTHENING COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT THROUGH NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATION HEADS’ COMMUNICATION
Authors: Dema Yosef , Prastio Wiwin , Billy Yohanes Langgar 
Published: November 2023

This study aims to promote community engagement through government communication from RT heads. Some RT leaders seek to enhance community engagement, while others fail to carry out their duties. To provide critical-descriptive analysis, data was collected using qualitative methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation procedures. As a result, the government's communication strategy of combining face-to-face contact, exemplary communication by RT heads, and dialogic communication that positions RT inhabitants as RT partners was successful in boosting residents' support for PMI and Bazis fundraising targets. It was determined that the RT heads' communication and leadership were significant factors in developing community support and engagement.
THE EFFECT OF COMPANY SIZE AND PROFITABILITY ON THE VALUE OF CONSUMER GOODS COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Rakhman Abdulah , Bunfa Liaw , Rifiyanti Hafizah 
Published: November 2023

Company value is very important for shareholders to gain profits in their share peculiarities. Many fundamental factors can increase company value. This study aims to determine the effect of company size and profitability factors on firm value. This research was conducted at consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2015-2017 period. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques used were data pooling test, classical assumptions test, and hypothesis test with the help of SPSS 20 and SmartPLS 3 programs. The results of this study indicate that firm size has a positive effect on firm value and profitability has a positive effect on firm value. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that firm size and profitability have a positive effect on the firm value of consumer goods companies.
Key words: firm value, firm size, profitability