bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landslide susceptibility zoning based on Rock Engineering System application to the Tehran case study
Authors: Khosronezhad Ali , Pourkermani Mohsen , Almasiyan Mahmoud , Bouzari Soheila , Uromeihy Ali 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLandsliding and slope instability pose significant risks to human settlements and infrastructure. This study aims to develop a landslide susceptibility map for the mountainous regions of Tehran province, Iran. The rock engineering approach was employed at a regional scale, utilizing a database of regional landslides. The semi‐quantitative Rock Engineering System method was applied, considering 10 conditioning factors. The model was validated using historical landslide data, showing strong correlation. The majority of landslides occurred within medium and high susceptibility zones. Geological units, particularly the Karaj Formation's claystone layers, displayed a clear association with landslide susceptibility. The rock engineering approach yielded a highly accurate susceptibility map. Findings can inform future territorial planning in the area.
MdMYB44‐like positively regulates salt and drought tolerance via the MdPYL8‐MdPP2CA module in apple
Authors: Chen Cui , Zhang Zhen , Lei Ying‐Ying , Chen Wen‐Jun , Zhang Zhi‐Hong , Li Xiao‐Ming , Dai Hong‐Yan 
Published: December 2023

SUMMARYAbscisic acid (ABA) is involved in salt and drought stress responses, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the overexpression of MdMYB44‐like, an R2R3‐MYB transcription factor, significantly increases the salt and drought tolerance of transgenic apples and Arabidopsis. MdMYB44‐like inhibits the transcription of MdPP2CA, which encodes a type 2C protein phosphatase that acts as a negative regulator in the ABA response, thereby enhancing ABA signaling‐mediated salt and drought tolerance. Furthermore, we found that MdMYB44‐like and MdPYL8, an ABA receptor, form a protein complex that further enhances the transcriptional inhibition of the MdPP2CA promoter by MdMYB44‐like. Significantly, we discovered that MdPP2CA can interfere with the physical association between MdMYB44‐like and MdPYL8 in the presence of ABA, partially blocking the inhibitory effect of the MdMYB44‐like–MdPYL8 complex on the MdPP2CA promoter. Thus, MdMYB44‐like, MdPYL8, and MdPP2CA form a regulatory loop that tightly modulates ABA signaling homeostasis under salt and drought stress. Our data reveal that MdMYB44‐like precisely modulates ABA‐mediated salt and drought tolerance in apples through the MdPYL8–MdPP2CA module.
The relationship between corneal calcareous degeneration and various ophthalmic diseases in dogs: A retrospective study
Authors: Jeong Dajeong , Kang Seonmi , Lee Eunji , Seo Kangmoon 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate ocular factors that influence the development of corneal calcareous degeneration (CCD) in dogs.Animals and ProceduresThe medical records of 96 eyes of dogs with CCD and 288 eyes without CCD were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs with evidence of causative systemic illness associated with CCD were excluded from the study. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the ocular factors associated with the development of CCD. To identify the effect of phosphate‐containing eyedrops on CCD, the application periods of phosphate‐containing antiglaucoma eyedrops were compared between the glaucomatous eyes in the CCD and non‐CCD groups.ResultsIncreased age, brachycephalic breed, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, advanced cataract, history of phacoemulsification, and topical corticosteroid application were significantly associated with CCD development. Glaucoma was significantly overrepresented in the non‐CCD group, and the application period of phosphate‐containing antiglaucoma eyedrops was significantly longer in eyes with CCD than in those without CCD.ConclusionsOphthalmic diseases requiring long‐term management of ocular inflammation and long‐term application of phosphate‐containing eyedrops may contribute to the development of CCD. Glaucoma is overrepresented in dogs without CCD, which is thought to be due to the differences in predisposed age and breeds between dogs with glaucoma and CCD.
Embedding the prime model of real exponentiation into o‐minimal exponential fields
Authors: Krapp Lothar Sebastian 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivated by the decidability question for the theory of real exponentiation and by the Transfer Conjecture for o‐minimal exponential fields, we show that, under the assumption of Schanuel's Conjecture, the prime model of real exponentiation is embeddable into any o‐minimal exponential field, where the embedding is not necessarily elementary. This is a consequence of an unconditional model theoretic embeddability result that we obtain by applying Kőnig's Lemma.
Acute respiratory failure developing in a patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis
Authors: Nomura Motoko , Yuzawa Motoi , Hiruta Masahiro , Ohta Hiromitsu 
Published: December 2023

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) is a rare B cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. LYG diagnosis is often difficult because of non-specific and varied radiological and pathological findings. The lung is the most common organ of LYG occurrence, but extrapulmonary lesions involving the central nervous system, skin, kidneys and liver are observed. A surgical biopsy is often inevitable for LYG diagnosis.We encountered a man in his 50s who presented with progressive dyspnoea. Extrapulmonary lesions were not observed. Although he developed respiratory failure within a short period, a low dose of corticosteroid relieved his symptoms. Video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy revealed grade 1 LYG. The patient was successfully treated with chemotherapy, including rituximab. Only a few cases of LYG with progressive respiratory failure are reported, and most have been diagnosed via autopsy. Our case highlights the importance of performing a surgical lung biopsy at the appropriate time to diagnose LYG.
Emergency definitive management of a subtalar dislocation with an associated lateral malleolus fracture
Authors: Little Max , Beer Alexander , Deierl Krisztian 
Published: December 2023

Lateral subtalar dislocations are rare injuries with the potential for misdiagnosis and for poor patient outcomes if missed. Prompt reduction and surgical intervention is the consensus and is key to improved patient outcomes.We present a case of a male patient in his 70s who was brought in by ambulance to the emergency department late one afternoon with a lateral subtalar dislocation associated with calcaneal and lateral malleolar fractures. He was operated on that evening, involving cannulated screw fixation of the calcaneus and buttress plating of the lateral malleolus. Non-weight-bearing mobilisation was permitted at 2 weeks and weight-bearing was commenced at 6 weeks postoperatively.The authors could not find any precedent in the literature for same-day definitive fixation and early mobilisation of this rare but significant injury, the combination of which resulted in excellent functional outcomes for the patient.
Specific gut pathobionts escape antibody coating and are enriched during flares in patients with severe Crohn’s disease
Authors: Eriksen Carsten , Danneskiold-Samsøe Niels Banhos , Moll Janne Marie , Myers Pernille Neve , Bondegaard Pi W , Vejrum Simone , Hansen Tine Brodka , Rosholm Lisbeth Buus , Rausch Philipp , Allin Kristine Højgaard , Jess Tine , Kristiansen Karsten , Penders John , Jonkers Daisy , Brix Susanne 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivePatients with Crohn’s disease (CD) exhibit great heterogeneity in disease presentation and treatment responses, where distinct gut bacteria and immune interactions may play part in the yet unresolved disease aetiology. Given the role of antibodies in the barrier defence against microbes, we hypothesised that gut bacterial antibody-coating patterns may influence underlying disease-mediated processes.DesignAbsolute and relative single and multicoating of gut bacteria with IgA, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 in patients with CD and healthy controls were characterised and compared with disease activity. IgG2-coated and non-coated taxa from patients with severe CD were identified, profiled for pathogenic characteristics and monitored for enrichment during active disease across cohorts.ResultsPatients with severe CD exhibited higher gut bacterial IgG2-coating. Supervised clustering identified 25 bacteria to be enriched in CD patients with high IgG2-coating. Sorting, sequencing andin silico-based assessments of the virulent potential of IgG2-coated and bulk stool bacteria were performed to evaluate the nature and pathogenicity of IgG2-coated and non-coated bacteria. The analyses demonstrated IgG2-coating of both known pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria that co-occurred with two non-coated pathobionts,CampylobacterandMannheimia. The two non-coated pathobionts exhibited low prevalence, rarely coincided and were strongly enriched during disease flares in patients with CD across independent and geographically distant cohorts.ConclusionDistinct gut bacterial IgG2-coating was demonstrated in patients with severe CD and during disease flares. Co-occurrence of non-coated pathobionts with IgG2-coated bacteria points to an uncontrolled inflammatory condition in severe CD mediated via escape from antibody coating by two gut pathobionts.
Cardiovascular sequelae of trastuzumab and anthracycline in long-term survivors of breast cancer
Authors: Glen Claire , Morrow Andrew , Roditi Giles , Hopkins Tracey , Macpherson Iain , Stewart Philip , Petrie Mark C , Berry Colin , Epstein Fred , Lang Ninian N , Mangion Kenneth 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesLong-term follow-up of patients treated with trastuzumab largely focuses on those with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on treatment completion. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, overt cardiovascular disease and cardiac imaging abnormalities using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), in participants with normal LVEF on completion of trastuzumab±anthracycline therapy at least 5 years previously.MethodsParticipants with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab±anthracycline ≥5 years previously were identified from a clinical database. All participants had normal LVEF prior to, and on completion of, treatment. Participants underwent clinical cardiovascular evaluation, ECG, cardiac biomarker evaluation and CMR. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) was defined as LVEF <50%.ResultsForty participants were recruited between 15 March 2021 and 19 July 2022. Median time since completion of trastuzumab was 7.8 years (range 5.9–10.8 years) and 90% received prior anthracycline. 25% of participants had LVSD; median LVEF was 55.2% (Q1–Q3, 51.3–61.2). 30% of participants had N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide >125 pg/mL and 8% had high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T >14 ng/L. 33% of participants had a new finding of hypertension. 58% had total cholesterol >5.0 mmol/L, 43% had triglycerides >1.7 mmol/L and 5% had a new diagnosis of diabetes.ConclusionsThe presence of asymptomatic LVSD, abnormal cardiac biomarkers and cardiac risk factors in participants treated with trastuzumab and anthracycline at least 5 years previously is common, even in those with normal LVEF on completion of treatment. Our findings reinforce the relevance of comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors following completion of cancer therapy, in addition to LVEF assessment.
Cannabinoid home storage practices among a national Qualtrics panel of adult users of cannabinoid products in the USA
Authors: Egan Kathleen Louise , Cox Melissa J 
Published: December 2023

IntroductionThe presence of cannabinoid products in the home may increase the likelihood of unintended adverse consequences for children and adolescents. Secure storage of these products is one prevention method to decrease the risk of diversion and use of cannabinoid products among youth. We sought to examine cannabis, delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabidiol (CBD) storage practices among a sample of adults 18–64 years old residing in the USA.MethodsIn December 2021, we conducted an online cross-sectional survey of 1042 current (past 30 day) users of cannabinoid products (88.3% cannabis, 49.0% delta-8 THC, and 67.2% CBD). Participants were asked about where they typically keep products in their home (ie, in a locked container, unlocked container, or out in the open). We conducted multinomial regression analyses to examine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and cannabinoid use behaviours with home storage practices.ResultsFor all products, participants more frequently reported locking, followed by storing the product in an unlocked but not visible location. Storing the product in an unlocked and visible location was endorsed the least across all three products. Participants reported more frequent endorsement of locking cannabis products as compared with delta-8-THC and CBD. Storage practices varied by biological sex, sexual orientation, ethnicity, educational attainment, having a child who lives in the home, frequency of use, possession of a medical cannabis card and exposure to advertising.ConclusionsIncreasing the prevalence of secure storage practices of cannabinoid products may facilitate prevention of unanticipated consequences associated with diversion of these products.
Clinical phenotype of FOXP1 syndrome: parent-reported medical signs and symptoms in 40 individuals
Authors: Koene Saskia , Ropers Fabiënne Gwendolin , Wieland Jannelien , Rybak Tamara , Wildschut Floor , Berghuis Dagmar , Morgan Angela , Trelles Maria Pilar , Scheepe Jeroen Ronald , Bökenkamp Regina , Peeters-Scholte Cacha M P C D , Braden Ruth , Santen Gijs W E 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundThe first studies on patients with forkhead-box protein P1 (FOXP1) syndrome reported associated global neurodevelopmental delay, autism symptomatology, dysmorphic features and cardiac and urogenital malformations. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of congenital abnormalities in an unbiased cohort of patients with FOXP1 syndrome and to document rare complications.MethodsPatients with FOXP1 syndrome were included, mostly diagnosed via whole-exome sequencing for neurodevelopmental delay. A parent-report questionnaire was used to assess medical signs and symptoms, including questions about features rated as most burdensome by patients and their family.ResultsForty individuals were included, 20 females and 20 males. The mean age at assessment was 13.2 years (median 8.5 years; range 2–54 years; ≥18 years n = 7). Seven adults were included. All patients had developmental problems, including cognitive, communication, social-emotional and motor delays. The most prevalent medical signs and symptoms include delayed bladder control, sleeping problems, hypermetropia, strabismus, sacral dimple, undescended testes, abnormal muscle tone and airway infections. The most burdensome complaints for patients with FOXP1 syndrome, as perceived by parents, include intellectual disability, impaired communication, behaviour problems, lack of age-appropriate self-reliance, attention problems and anxiety. According to parents, patients have quite similar reported symptoms, although incontinence, obsessions and a complex sensory profile have a higher ranking.ConclusionThe results of this study may be used to further guide medical management and identify patient priorities for future research targeted on those features of FOXP1 syndrome that most impair quality of life of patients and their families.
Reduced penetrance of gene variants causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Douglas Andrew G L , Baralle Diana 
Published: December 2023

Background

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis overlaps aetiologically and genetically with frontotemporal dementia and occurs in both familial and apparently sporadic forms. The most commonly implicated genes are
C9orf72
,
SOD1
,
TARDBP
and
FUS
. Penetrance of disease-causing variants in these genes is known to be incomplete, but has not been well studied at population level.

Objective
We sought to determine the population-level penetrance of pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in genes commonly causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Methods

Published epidemiological data for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia were used to calculate expected frequencies of disease-causing variants per gene at population level. Variant data from gnomAD and ClinVar databases were used to ascertain observed numbers of disease-causing variants and to estimate population-level penetrance per gene. Data for
C9orf72
were obtained from the published literature.

Results

Maximum population penetrance for either amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or frontotemporal dementia was found to be 33% for
C9orf72
(95% CI (20.9 to 53.2)), 54% for
SOD1
(95% CI (32.7 to 88.6)), 38% for
TARDBP
(95% CI (21.1 to 69.8)) and 19% for
FUS
(95% CI (13.0 to 28.4)).

Conclusion
Population-level penetrance of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease genes is reduced. This finding has implications for the genetic testing and counselling of affected individuals and their unaffected relatives.
Primary failure of thoracic epidural analgesia: revisited
Authors: Tran De Q , Booysen Karin , Botha Hendrik J 
Published: December 2023

Primary failure of thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) remains an important clinical problem, whose incidence can exceed 20% in teaching centers. Since loss-of-resistance (LOR) constitutes the most popular method to identify the thoracic epidural space, the etiology of primary TEA failure can often be attributed to LOR’s low specificity. Interspinous ligamentous cysts, non-fused ligamenta flava, paravertebral muscles, intermuscular planes, and thoracic paravertebral spaces can all result in non-epidural LORs. Fluoroscopy, epidural waveform analysis, electrical stimulation, and ultrasonography have been proposed as confirmatory modalities for LOR.The current evidence derived from randomized trials suggests that fluoroscopy, epidural waveform analysis, and possibly electrical stimulation, could decrease the primary TEA failure to 2%. In contrast, preprocedural ultrasound scanning provides no incremental benefit when compared with conventional LOR. In the hands of experienced operators, real-time ultrasound guidance of the epidural needle has been demonstrated to provide comparable efficacy and efficiency to fluoroscopy.Further research is required to determine the most cost-effective confirmatory modality as well as the best adjuncts for novice operators and for patients with challenging anatomy. Moreover, future trials should elucidate if fluoroscopy and electrical stimulation could potentially decrease the secondary failure rate of TEA, and if a combination of confirmatory modalities could outperform individual ones.
Causal role of lipid metabolism in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: an observational and mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Huang Junfeng , Lin Zikai , Lin Jinsheng , Xie Shuojia , Xia Shixin , Chen Gengjia , Zheng Ziwen , Xu Zhe , Liu Fangcheng , Wu Hongkai , Li Shiyue 
Published: December 2023

BackgroundPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare interstitial lung disease characterised by the accumulation of lipoprotein material in the alveoli. Although dyslipidaemia is a prominet feature, the causal effect of lipid traits on PAP remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of lipid traits in PAP and evaluate the potential of lipid-lowering drug targets in PAP.MethodsClinical outcomes, lipid profiles and lung function tests were analysed in a clinical cohort of diagnosed PAP patients and propensity score-matched healthy controls. Genome-wide association study data on PAP, lipid metabolism, blood cells and variants of genes encoding potential lipid-lowering drug targets were obtained for Mendelian randomisation (MR) and mediation analyses.FindingsObservational results showed that higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were associated with increased risks of PAP. Higher levels of TC and LDL were also associated with worse PAP severity. In MR analysis, elevated LDL was associated with an increased risk of PAP (OR: 4.32, 95% CI: 1.63 to 11.61, p=0.018). Elevated monocytes were associated with a lower risk of PAP (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.66, p=0.002) and mediated the risk impact of LDL on PAP. Genetic mimicry of PCSK9 inhibition was associated with a reduced risk of PAP (OR 0.03, p=0.007).InterpretationOur results support the crucial role of lipid and metabolism-related traits in PAP risk, emphasising the monocyte-mediated, causal effect of elevated LDL in PAP genetics. PCSK9 mediates the development of PAP by raising LDL. These finding provide evidence for lipid-related mechanisms and promising lipid-lowering drug target for PAP.
Magnetic catalysis in holographic model with two types of anisotropy for heavy quarks
Authors: Aref’eva Irina Ya. , Hajilou Ali , Rannu Kristina , Slepov Pavel 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn our previous paper (Aref’eva et al. in JHEP 07:161, 2021, arXiv:2011.07023 [hep-th]) we have constructed a twice anisotropic five-dimensional holographic model supported by Einstein-dilaton-three-Maxwell action that reproduced some essential features of the “heavy quarks” model. However, that model did not describe the magnetic catalysis (MC) phenomena expected from lattice results for the QGP made up from heavy quarks. In this paper we fill this gap and construct the model that improves the previous one. It keeps typical properties of the heavy quarks phase diagram, and meanwhile possesses the MC. The deformation of previous model includes the modification of the “heavy quarks” warp factor and the coupling function for the Maxwell field providing the non-trivial chemical potential.
Study of the nonleptonic charmless $$B \rightarrow SS$$ decays with the QCD factorization approach
Authors: Chen Lili , Zhao Mengfei , Wang Liting , Kang Yueyang , Chang Qin , Sun Junfeng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInspired by the brilliant prospects of the ongoing B meson experiments, the hadronic charmless B$${\rightarrow }$$
→
SS decays are studied by considering the next-to-leading (NLO) contributions with the QCD factorization approach, where S denotes the scalar mesons $$K_{0}^{*}(1430)$$

K

0

∗

(
1430
)

and $$a_{0}(1450)$$

a
0

(
1450
)

. Branching ratios and CP violating asymmetries are estimated with the updated values of hadronic parameters obtained from a covariant light-front quark model, for two scenarios where the scalar mesons are the $$1^{3}P_{0}$$

1
3

P
0

and $$2^{3}P_{0}$$

2
3

P
0

states. It is found that the NLO contributions are very important for the B$${\rightarrow }$$
→
SS decays. For the B$${\rightarrow }$$
→
$$a_{0}(1450)K_{0}^{*}(1430)$$

a
0

(
1450
)

K

0

∗

(
1430
)

and $$B_{s}$$

B
s

$${\rightarrow }$$
→
$$K_{0}^{*}(1430)\overline{K}_{0}^{*}(1430)$$

K

0

∗

(
1430
)

K
¯

0

∗

(
1430
)

decays, branching ratios can reach up to the order of $${\mathcal {O}}(10^{-5})$$

O
(

10

-
5

)

by assuming that the scalar mesons are the 1P states, and should first be investigated in the future experiments.