bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violences raciales et gouvernance migratoire au Mali
Authors: Deridder Marie , Sylla Almamy 
Published: February 2024

Et si les politiques migratoires impulsées par l’Union européenne au Mali avaient pour effet de créer un traitement différentiel parmi les citoyens retournés de Libye, voire pire, de générer des tensions réactualisant une grammaire raciale ancienne ? La politisation de l’accueil réservé aux rapatriés invite à questionner les effets de l’externalisation du contrôle des frontières européennes dans ce pays en proie à la guerre et où les faux-semblants de la « gestion concertée » des migrations ont longtemps été dénoncés par la société civile.
Comment la Tunisie produit des « migrants irréguliers »
Authors: Parikh Shreya 
Published: February 2024

L’opacité des règles relatives à l’entrée et au séjour en Tunisie, la corruption des administrations et l’arbitraire de leurs pratiques contraignent nombre de personnes étrangères à y vivre dans l’irrégularité. Les plus privilégiées d’entre elles voient dans le paiement d’une amende une simple routine procédurale. A contrario, pratiques discriminatoires et harcèlement policier sont le lot quotidien de celles considérées comme « africaines ». Aux propos haineux propagés à l’encontre des « migrants irréguliers d’Afrique subsaharienne » par le pouvoir politique a succédé une traque négrophobe mortifère.
Achat public et restauration scolaire : motivations, freins et mise en œuvre de l’achat local en Île-de-France
Authors: Mazin Anaelle , Da Cunha Charlotte 
Published: February 2024

Pour leur restauration scolaire, les collectivités territoriales cherchent de plus en plus à s’approvisionner en denrées alimentaires locales. Avec un focus sur l’Île-de-France, l’objectif de cet article est de comprendre comment les collectivités définissent le local, leurs motivations à s’approvisionner localement et comment cette volonté est mise en œuvre. Nous étudions les points de vue et pratiques de six collectivités territoriales au travers d’une enquête qualitative. Nous constatons que la définition du local peut varier entre et au sein des collectivités. Les acheteurs publics font face à des difficultés pouvant freiner leur capacité à acheter des produits locaux (législation, offre locale insuffisante, etc .). En nous inspirant de deux démarches concluantes, nous posons, en discussion, l’hypothèse qu’une approche mutualisée permettrait aux petites et moyennes collectivités de faciliter l’approvisionnement en denrées locales de la restauration scolaire grâce au recrutement d’un service dédié capable de développer une connaissance approfondie du tissu économique local.
La mobilité domicile-travail des nouveaux résidents des villes moyennes françaises
Authors: Poulhès Alexis , Brachet Angèle 
Published: February 2024

La récente mise en lumière des villes moyennes bouscule leur image de villes en déclin. Pourtant dans ces villes, peu de solutions modales alternatives à la voiture apparaissent efficaces aujourd’hui. Dans ce contexte de territoire à l’immobilier encore relativement abordable, le moment du déménagement est-il l’occasion pour les ménages de se rapprocher de leur lieu d’emploi ? Cette recherche mobilise le recensement de 2016 pour analyser les migrations résidentielles en lien avec les déplacements vers le travail. La distinction entre les nouveaux qui viennent de l’extérieur et ceux qui y habitaient déjà confirme de grandes différences de comportement. L’ancrage local permet de stabiliser ces distances au lieu de travail alors qu’au contraire près de 30 % des nouveaux arrivants continuent de travailler à l’extérieur en faisant de longues distances (> 55 km en moyenne). Le déménagement ne s’accompagne pas d’une diminution de l’usage de la voiture déjà largement dominant.
De l’égalité des chances à la société de l’engagement. Le mentorat, un nouveau « modèle » de politique Jeunesse ?
Authors: Gubitta Sarah 
Published: February 2024

Présenté comme « innovant », le mentorat se place en réalité dans une forme de continuité cognitive avec les orientations politiques et les pratiques associatives des dernières années. Répondant aux normes de ce qui est considéré comme un « bon » dispositif, il a été propulsé « par le haut » et traduit en 2021 en un Plan national conséquent. Consacrant des mutations déjà initiées dans les politiques de jeunesse, il en signe une nouvelle étape en expérimentant un modèle inédit faisant le pari d’un engagement massif des entreprises et des citoyens auprès des jeunes. Sa seconde originalité est son appui central sur un collectif inter-associatif à l’initiative de ce Plan, à qui l’État confie un rôle de cadrage peu observé auparavant. Faisant l’objet de fortes attentes, ce modèle pose pour l’avenir la question de son articulation aux autres dispositifs et de son appui effectif sur les entreprises, ce dernier étant appelé de ses vœux par l’État.
De l’ombre à la lumière : la marginalité ambiguë des périphéries urbaines
Authors: Gravereau Sophie 
Published: February 2024

L’objectif de cet article est de réfléchir aux périphéries des ethnologues urbains à travers l’analyse et la prise en compte des contextes urbains locaux dans la production des savoirs. J’envisage de questionner les périphéries des ethnologues urbains ; tout d’abord du point de vue terminologique, en tentant de mettre en évidence toute l’ambiguïté, dans le temps et dans l’espace, que recouvre l’usage des notions comme celles de marge, de centre et périphérie ; dans un second temps, à partir des questionnements méthodologiques, en évoquant, à travers un tour de France entrepris par les membres de l’association AnthropoVilles, la diversité des travaux in situ des ethnologues urbains ; enfin, par une réflexion empirique, fondée sur mon dernier terrain ethnographique, dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais.
Le logement social aux Antilles (1946-1975) : une histoire post-coloniale des politiques publiques menées à la Guadeloupe et à la Martinique
Authors: Terral  Roméo , Selise Mario 
Published: February 2024

En 1958, les villes de Pointe-à-Pitre (Guadeloupe) et Fort-de-France (Martinique) connaissent une crise qualitative et quantitative du logement, marquée par la multiplication des quartiers d’habitat spontané dans les faubourgs à la périphérie des anciens centres coloniaux. Pour y remédier, des programmes immobiliers ont été menés au cours des années 1960-1970. À partir de ces deux exemples, il s’agit de déterminer quelles ont été les politiques sur le logement social et l’amélioration de l’habitat dans les villes antillaises.
CD109 Attenuates Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-β Signaling
Authors: Naoi Hyogo , Suzuki Yuzo , Miyagi Asuka , Horiguchi Ryo , Aono Yuya , Inoue Yusuke , Yasui Hideki , Hozumi Hironao , Karayama Masato , Furuhashi Kazuki , Enomoto Noriyuki , Fujisawa Tomoyuki , Inui Naoki , Mii Shinji , Ichihara Masatoshi , Takahashi Masahide , Suda Takafumi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal condition characterized by fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition. TGF-β plays a pivotal role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, modulation of TGF-β signaling is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating pulmonary fibrosis. To date, however, interventions targeting TGF-β have not shown consistent efficacy. CD109 is a GPI-anchored glycoprotein that binds to TGF-β receptor I and negatively regulates TGF-β signaling. However, no studies have examined the role and therapeutic potential of CD109 in pulmonary fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role and therapeutic value of CD109 in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. CD109-transgenic mice overexpressing CD109 exhibited significantly attenuated pulmonary fibrosis, preserved lung function, and reduced lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts compared with wild-type (WT) mice. CD109−/− mice exhibited pulmonary fibrosis comparable to WT mice. CD109 expression was induced in variety types of cells, including lung fibroblasts and macrophages, upon bleomycin exposure. Recombinant CD109 protein inhibited TGF-β signaling and significantly decreased ACTA2 expression in human fetal lung fibroblast cells in vitro. Administration of recombinant CD109 protein markedly reduced pulmonary fibrosis in bleomycin-treated WT mice in vivo. Our results suggest that CD109 is not essential for the development of pulmonary fibrosis, but excess CD109 protein can inhibit pulmonary fibrosis development, possibly through suppression of TGF-β signaling. CD109 is a novel therapeutic candidate for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
Cross-Platform Comparison of Highly Sensitive Immunoassays for Inflammatory Markers in a COVID-19 Cohort
Authors: Abe Koji , Beer Joanne C , Nguyen Tran , Ariyapala Ishara S , Holmes Tyson H , Feng Wei , Zhang Bingqing , Kuo Dwight , Luo Yuling , Ma Xiao-Jun , Maecker Holden T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A variety of commercial platforms are available for the simultaneous detection of multiple cytokines and associated proteins, often employing Ab pairs to capture and detect target proteins. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the performance of three distinct platforms: the fluorescent bead-based Luminex assay, the proximity extension-based Olink assay, and a novel proximity ligation assay platform known as Alamar NULISAseq. These assessments were conducted on human serum samples from the National Institutes of Health IMPACC study, with a focus on three essential performance metrics: detectability, correlation, and differential expression. Our results reveal several key findings. First, the Alamar platform demonstrated the highest overall detectability, followed by Olink and then Luminex. Second, the correlation of protein measurements between the Alamar and Olink platforms tended to be stronger than the correlation of either of these platforms with Luminex. Third, we observed that detectability differences across the platforms often translated to differences in differential expression findings, although high detectability did not guarantee the ability to identify meaningful biological differences. Our study provides valuable insights into the comparative performance of these assays, enhancing our understanding of their strengths and limitations when assessing complex biological samples, as exemplified by the sera from this COVID-19 cohort.
Study of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Drug-naive Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Kaur Partik , Pal Virendra Singh , Niranjan Vijay , Mudgal Varchasvi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a widely studied neurotrophin and is said to be involved in the regulation of many neuronal processes, including neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, maturation, and survival. Over the years, research has shown a significant variation of serum BDNF levels in schizophrenia with no widespread agreement. Herein, we report on serum BDNF levels in drug-naive patients of schizophrenia in comparison to healthy controls (HC) and correlates of BDNF levels in patients of schizophrenia.

Materials and Methods:
The study sample consisted of 120 participants with 60 drug-naive patients of schizophrenia and 60 HC. The blood sample of the study subjects was collected and processed serum was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for BDNF levels. Clinical assessment of patients was done using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Results:
Serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in drug-naive patients of schizophrenia as compared to age and sex-matched HC (P – 0.024). The PANSS total score and positive subscale score were negatively correlated with serum BDNF levels which were statistically significant with P = 0.005 and P = 0.001, respectively.

Conclusion:
The index study found BDNF levels to be reduced in patients of schizophrenia and BDNF was found to correlate with severity of illness, especially positive symptoms. Thus, developing therapeutic strategies that can activate BDNF signaling may prove beneficial in improving the clinical outcome of schizophrenia.
Comparative Study on Short-Term Outcome in Patients Undergoing Pilonidal Sinus Surgery in Tertiary Care
Authors: Chordia Dakshay A. , Prem A. P. , Akhter Jameel , Muralidharan M. , Sathishkumar A. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Pilonidal sinus is a disease that affects young men commonly arising from the hair follicles of the sacrococcygeal area. At present, there is no standardized surgical management available for chronic pilonidal sinus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate wound healing and short-term outcomes in pilonidal sinus patients undergoing modified Limberg flap surgery and lay open for secondary healing after excision in a tertiary care hospital.

Patients and Methods:
This is a nonrandomized comparative observational study performed at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, during January 2021 to August 2021. Group A included 25 participants who opted off-midline primary closure using modified Limberg rhomboid flap procedure. Group B included 25 participants who underwent excision of pilonidal sinus and laying the wound open for secondary healing. All patients, in both groups, were seen on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 15th, and 30th post-operative day. They were followed until complete wound healing.

Results:
The study showed that the modified Limberg flap closure group had a shorter period of complete wound healing in comparison to the excision and lay-open group but at a cost of prolonged duration of hospitalization. This study shows the significant difference in the period to return to daily activity between Group A and Group B. Postoperative wound complications such as infection and recurrence were seen in Group A.

Conclusions:
Conventional wide excision of pilonidal sinus and laying it open for secondary healing is advisable in pilonidal sinus disease and be performed as a day-case surgery. For the success of modified Limberg flap closure, prone nursing is recommended.
Experiential Avoidance as a Mediator of the Relationship between Dispositional Mindfulness and Problematic Smartphone Use
Authors: Felix George , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Anand Nitin , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar , Kumar Ajay 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Experiential avoidance (EA) and mindfulness are the two important transdiagnostic process and outcome variables in psychological formulation and treatment. While smartphones have a large utility value, they also have the potential for adverse impacts on functioning. Studies have separately shown associations among EA, dispositional mindfulness (DM), and problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, there is a lack of study exploring the associations and mediation relationship among these variables together in an Indian context. The current study aims to explore the associations of PSU, DM, EA, and sociodemographic factors; including the mediating effect of EA between DM and PSU in the Indian adult context.

Methods:
Four hundred and thirty-four participants (M age = 25.4, standard deviation = 2.6, 58.8% females) were recruited for an online survey using a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaire, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, brief EA scale, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale. Statistical analyses comprised multiple regression, mediation analysis, and significance in sociodemographic variables.

Results:
Both EA and DM significantly predicted PSU with a 37% variance; however, DM had an inverse relationship. EA as a mediator could account for a quarter of the effect, PM = 24.4%, ab = −0.14, 95% CIcs (−0.19, −0.09).

Conclusion:
The current study implicates the monitoring and treatment planning for PSU from a transdiagnostic perspective in the Indian context.
Pain Management of Sciatic Nerve Injury Induced by Intramuscular Injection Using Distal Nerve Block
Authors: Barasker Swapnil Kumar , Singhai Pankaj , Mulye Swati , Jain Anuj , Saxena Dipti 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Injury to the sciatic nerve from dorsogluteal intramuscular (IM) injection is not an uncommon iatrogenic cause. This case report discusses the successful management of a child with sciatic nerve injury due to an IM injection in the left gluteal region. The child experienced severe pain that was not responding to pharmacological therapy and was limiting physiotherapy, which forms an important step in the management of patients with peripheral nerve injuries. The case report outlines the use of a posterior tibial nerve block, which provided immediate relief of pain sensations in the sole of the foot, allowing the child to walk and eventually improving sleep and appetite. The report suggests that distal nerve blocks may be an effective treatment option for patients with severe neuropathic symptoms resulting from peripheral nerve injury.
Optimal patient positioning for spinal anesthesia using a visual aid in cesarean section patients: A randomized control trial
Authors: Hegde Shubha V. , Shivashankar Archana , Nalini Kadirehally B. , Turai Ashwini 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Spinal anesthesia is the safest technique of anesthesia in parturients for cesarean section. Usually, patients are instructed verbally to acquire the ideal position for spinal anesthesia, but there can be difficulty in attaining the best position if patients fail to understand the verbal command, which will lead to detainment in accomplishing the technique and increased possibility of patient’s dissatisfaction. Hence, in our study, we hypothesized that using photographs with verbal commands would reduce the time taken for spinal needle placement, reduce the total number of skin pricks, and improve the success at the first attempt.

Material and Methods:
One hundred and eleven pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section were divided into Group C (only verbal instructions were given) and Group V (visual aid and verbal instructions were given). Time taken for successful spinal needle placement was noted in seconds and summarized in terms of median and interquartile range. Number of skin punctures, intervertebral spaces attempted, and first-pass success were determined in terms of percentage. Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to compare the above parameters between the two groups.

Results:
There was significant reduction in the time taken for spinal needle placement in Group V compared to the control group. There was significant improvement in first-pass success rate and reduction in the number of skin pricks and intervertebral spaces attempted in Group V.

Conclusions:
Use of visual aid with verbal commands helps in better understanding of positioning, thus improving the first-pass success significantly. It also reduces the duration for successful spinal needle placement, number of skin pricks, and intervertebral spaces attempted.
Comparison of two different doses of dexmedetomidine for continuous epidural analgesia for lower limb surgeries: A randomized double-blind study
Authors: Kurhekar Pranjali , Sheba Sam Blessy , Meenakshisundaram Sathyasuba , Sethuraman Raghuraman M. , Parlikar Neeta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Bolus epidural dexmedetomidine provides potent analgesia but the incidence of hemodynamic instability is high. There are only a few studies that have evaluated the efficacy of epidural dexmedetomidine infusion but none of them compared different doses to find the optimum safe dose. We compared the analgesic efficacy and safety of two different doses of dexmedetomidine in continuous epidural for postoperative analgesia.

Material and Methods:
Patients undergoing lower limb surgeries were divided randomly into two groups: Group I (n = 36) received an epidural infusion of 0.1% ropivacaine + 0.5 μg/kg/24 h of dexmedetomidine and Group II (n = 36) received epidural infusion 0.1% ropivacaine + 1 μg/kg/24 h of dexmedetomidine. Both groups received epidural infusion at the rate of 5 ml/h over 48 h postoperatively. Pain scores, demand for rescue analgesics, hemodynamic parameters, and sedation scores were compared between the groups. Statistical analysis was done using an independent t-test and Chi-square test.

Results:
1 μg/kg group (Group II) had a significantly reduced pain score at all time intervals and less demand for rescue analgesia (P = 0.03). The severity of pain was more in the 0.5 μg/kg group (Group I), at all times (P = 0.000). Incidence hypotension was higher in Group II. Bradycardia was seen in two patients in Group II and none in Group I.

Conclusion:
Dexmedetomidine in a dose of 1 μg/kg/24 h with 5 ml of 0.1% ropivacaine through epidural infusion provides better analgesia with a safe hemodynamic profile.
Gobernanza de los sistemas de innovación en el desarrollo regional de la zona centro occidente de México
Authors: Valencia Joel Bonales , Ríos Ernesto Isaac Tlapanco 
Published: February 2024

La gobernanza ha sido una herramienta que está relanzando a la administración pública hacia niveles de competitividad interregional que organiza a diferentes agentes sociales para generar, por lo regular desarrollo económico, que se espera éste mismo sea la base de un desarrollo regional incipiente y que aún no termina de consolidarse desde la era posrevolucionaria en México, por lo tanto, este artículo tiene la finalidad de destacar la realidad de los sistemas de innovación, como agentes del cambio, que influyen en las políticas públicas de la zona centro occidente de México. La metodología para describir a los parques se ajusta a un carácter cualitativo que se valida con diversos estudios realizados en diferentes partes del mundo los cuales muestran de diferentes maneras el impacto de los parques en las regiones de influencia. Los parques científicos y tecnológicos más que un auge en México es una creciente industria potencial, que con la dirección de políticas públicas correctamente enfocadas además de una gestión administrativa tanto pública como privada interesada en el beneficio de la sociedad, puede convertirse en un eje rector del desarrollo nacional integral.
Formative evaluation in a virtual context: A systematic review
Authors: Rivera Huaranga Nancy Edith , Ledesma Cuadros Mildred Jénica 
Published: February 2024

The objective of the research was to analyze the publications made regarding formative assessment in a virtual context. The method that was applied was a qualitative approach, systematic review, the methodology of the PRISMA diagram was developed, the Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest, OneFile and Eric databases were used to search for scientific articles through the use of Boolean equations of which 108 were initially selected, finally reduced to 40. The findings allowed us to identify that formative assessment in the context of virtuality is an important process that allows both teachers and students to make readjustments in the teaching-learning process and to make decisions to improve learning. quality formative feedback, positive attitude towards evaluation and appropriate use of technological tools, including them as great allies. Among the conclusions are that formative assessment involves the development of various strategies that allow student learning; as well as feedback that helps to identify progress and aspects of improvement in learning; from self-evaluation and peer evaluation, interaction and self-confidence are allowed in students and finally, the use of technological tools makes it easier to carry out formative assessment virtually.