bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can There Be Two Perfectly Identical Complexions? Peter of Abano and Jacopo of Forlì on Avicenna’s Interdict
Authors: Zuccolin Gabriella 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Avicenna, in Book I of the Canon, within the context of his general doctrine of complexion, presents the eight modes of equality (modi aequalitatis) that concern specific or individual complexions. There he states quite clearly that each individual within the human species possesses a complexion that belongs to that individual exclusively, and with which it is impossible to associate another individual. In this contribution, after a brief survey of some features of the discussions around the individuality and unrepeatability of complexions in the physiognomic tradition (with particular reference to twins), I will consider two different takes on this Avicennian interdict: the first, which echoes the Persian philosopher and physician, is proposed by Peter of Abano in his Conciliator; the other is by Jacopo of Forlì, who, in his Questiones super primam et secundam fen primi Canonis Avicenne, seems to cautiously distance himself from Avicenna’s authority. The contrast between these two medieval responses allows us to grasp the importance of complexion as a theoretical tool for explaining differences between individuals of the same species – differences which are not merely random or accidental, nor strictly formal.
Tempering Occult Qualities: Magnetism and Complexio in Early Modern Medical Thought
Authors: Sander Christoph 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In medieval natural philosophy and medicine, magnetic attraction was the most commonly invoked example for the effects of so-called ‘occult qualities’ or ‘occult powers.’ According to this conception – which dates back to Galen, Alexander of Aphrodisias, and Avicenna – magnetism was caused by an insensible quality and not, therefore, by one of the four primary qualities (hot, cold, wet, dry). Already disputed in medieval times, however, was whether the magnet’s ‘temperament’, ‘mixture’ or ‘complexion’ might not account for the attraction of iron. In the early modern period, trained physicians above all increasingly refuted ‘occult qualities’ in magnetism, while at the same time retaining a Galenic framework. They argued instead for more elaborate theories invoking the magnet’s and iron’s ‘complexion’ or their single primary qualities, such as ‘humidity’ or ‘heat.’ Medical concepts were often combined with meteorological ideas for causal theories of natural phenomena like magnetism. By telling this unheard story of ‘complexion’ in theories of magnetism, we show not only how medical theories were transferred from medicine into other fields of research, but also that an established narrative in modern historiography is highly questionable: contrary to what was assumed by the contemporary critics (e.g., Descartes) and many modern historians, several Galenic physicians did not subscribe to a theory of occult qualities (in the case of magnetism) in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Treisman (1963): An Appreciation
Authors: Wearden John H. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the content of Michel Treisman’s 1963 monograph presenting a “model of the time-keeping mechanism”. Data from the seven experiments reported in the monograph are first discussed, then an attempt is made to explain the structure and operation of the model in some detail. Next, the model’s explanations of several important results found in Treisman’s experiments are presented. One is conformity of data to what Treisman called the ‘Weber function’, a generalized version of Weber’s Law. The second is conformity of data to Vierordt’s Law, the idea that when a range of time intervals is presented, short values tend to be overestimated and long ones underestimated. Finally, there was the phenomenon that Treisman called ‘lengthening’, the finding that responses on reproduction and production tasks tended to become longer as the experiment proceeded. Later sections briefly discuss potential relations between Treisman’s work and Scalar Expectancy Theory (SET) proposed twenty years later, and also how modern treatments of some of the issues that Treisman discussed are similar or different from the ones he proposed in 1963.
The Brazilian Feminist Spring: Discourse and Intersectionality in the 2018 Presidential Election
Authors: Batista Silva Peixoto Mariana Rafaela 
Published: November 2023

The rise of Jair Bolsonaro to power in 2018 in Brazil was considered a disruptive event characterized by the insurgence of far-right politics and their use of digital platforms to spread disinformation. This election was also marked by an unusual disparity in voting intentions between men and women for Bolsonaro, leading to the rise of the feminist movement named #EleNão (#NotHim). Despite its efforts, #EleNão was, as it is well known, unable to defeat Bolsonaro. Considering these events, in light of discourse and intersectionality theories, this paper aims to discuss the regimes of truth (Foucault, 1971) regarding the intersection of gender, race, class, and religion (Collins, 2019) in the 2018 runoff. The results show that the mobilization of controlling images (Collins, 2002) of feminism done by the far-right played a crucial role and was reinforced by the left's inability to provide a proposal that could address the needs of a wider public, especially evangelical women. A ascensão de Jair Bolsonaro ao poder em 2018 no Brasil foi considerada um evento disruptivo caracterizado pela insurgência de movimentos de extrema-direita e pelo uso de plataformas digitais para disseminar desinformação no país. Essa eleição também foi marcada por uma disparidade incomum nas intenções de voto entre homens e mulheres para Bolsonaro, levando ao surgimento do movimento feminista chamado #EleNão. Apesar dos esforços, é sabido que #EleNão não conseguiu derrotar Bolsonaro. Considerando esses acontecimentos, à luz das teorias do discurso e da interseccionalidade, este trabalho visa discutir os regimes de verdade (Foucault, 1971) em relação à interseção de gênero, raça, classe e religião (Collins, 2019) no segundo turno de 2018. Os resultados mostram que a mobilização de imagens de controle (Collins, 2002) do feminismo feita pela extrema-direita desempenhou um papel crucial e foi reforçada pela incapacidade da esquerda em apresentar uma proposta que pudesse acolher as necessidades de um público mais amplo, especialmente as mulheres evangélicas periféricas.
Popular Peasant Feminism in La Via Campesina in Latin America
Authors: Schwendler Sônia Fátima 
Published: November 2023

Popular peasant feminism was pioneered by Latin American rural women organized by the Coordinadora Latinoamericana de Organizaciones del Campo (Latin American Coordinator of Rural Organizations) member organization of the international peasant movement La Via Campesina (the Peasant Way—LVC). These organizations have moved forward on gender issues to incorporate a socialist-feminist agenda despite the challenge this agenda faces with regard to their organizational practices and political projects. Latin American peasant, indigenous, and black women have produced oppositional and situated feminist practices and epistemologies that enable them to resignify feminism and address their food sovereignty paradigm from a decolonized feminist perspective, interconnecting the struggle for sovereignty with regard to land and territory as well as the body. El feminismo campesino popular fue iniciado por las mujeres rurales latinoamericanas, organizadas bajo la Coordinadora Latinoamericana de Organizaciones del Campo, organización miembro de el movimiento campesino internacional La Vía Campesina (LVC). Estas organizaciones han avanzado en temas de género buscando incorporar una agenda socialista-feminista a pesar del desafío que enfrenta dicha agenda en relación con sus prácticas organizativas y proyectos políticos. Las mujeres campesinas, indígenas y afrodescendientes latinoamericanas han llevado a cabo prácticas y epistemologías feministas opositoras y situadas que les permiten resignificar el feminismo y abordar el propio paradigma de soberanía alimentaria desde una perspectiva feminista descolonizada, interconectando la lucha por la soberanía con la tierra y el territorio, a la vez que con el cuerpo.
Evaluation of endovascular treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia for patients in the PLAN gray zone
Authors: Budak Ali Baran , Altınay Levent , Günertem Orhan Eren , Sağlam Muhammet Sefa , Külahçıoğlu Emre , Tümer Naim Boran , Yağız Betül Keskinkılıç , Terzioğlu Serdar Gökay , Saba Tonguç , Özışık Kanat , Günaydın Serdar 
Published: November 2023

Objective To compare the results of endovascular therapy for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) in patients categorized under the gray and yellow zones of the patient risk, limb severity, and anatomic pattern (PLAN) concept over a 2-year follow-up period. Methods Patients who underwent endovascular therapy for peripheral artery disease and presented with CLTI from February 2017 to February 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were grouped into yellow and gray zones based on the PLAN concept. Preoperative and postoperative walking distances, Rutherford classes, and postoperative target vessel patency rates were recorded and compared between the groups. Follow-up evaluations were performed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months post-procedure. Results Of the 387 patients evaluated, the yellow and gray groups comprised 88 patients each. The overall patency rates were similar between the groups (84 (95.45%) vs. 81 (92.05%), respectively). The occlusion-/stenosis-free survival times, amputation-free survival time, and mean survival time were not significantly different. However, the gray group had a significantly higher number of atherectomy interventions (74 vs. 59) and crosser devices used (62 vs. 42). Conclusion Endovascular therapy is an effective treatment option for patients in the gray zone of the PLAN color coding system.
Robotic tomographic ultrasound and artificial intelligence for management of haemodialysis arteriovenous fistulae
Authors: Carroll John , Colley Eamonn , Cartmill Michael , Thomas Shannon D 
Published: November 2023

Background: Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) and Arteriovenous Grafts (AVG) may present a problematic vascular access for renal replacement therapy (RRT), reliant on recurrent specialist nurse and medical evaluation. Dysfunctional accesses are frequently referred ‘out of the dialysis clinic’ for specialist sonographic examination, with associated delays potentiating loss of vascular access viability and/or need for emergency intervention. Definitive anatomical and functional diagnostics based in the dialysis unit may help to solve these delays and associated complications. Objectives: This publication reports a novel vascular access monitoring concept, Robotic Tomographic Ultrasound (RTU). Research design: Robotic Tomographic Ultrasound incorporates a semi-autonomous, robotic vascular ultrasound system and purpose designed analysis software that can be deployed at the point of care. Three-dimensional scan data, as well as conventional B-Mode and Doppler data are obtained by the system and transferred to a cloud based reporting and analysis software. Scans are remotely annotated and interpreted by a sonographer, with diagnostic data presented securely to clinicians on their preferred web based application/web connected device. Results: Software developed specifically for pre AVF mapping, maturation and monitoring protocols, analyse the data and then present interpreted results to all caring clinicians to assist with decision making. Vascular access planning can be determined with high confidence with data from the Map module. Maturation data can be presented in line with institutional requirements to the dialysis nurse, facilitating precocious needle access. Conclusion: Robotic Tomographic Ultrasound is a novel approach to vascular access management that may reduce the risk of loss of functional access by regular monitoring with the system; automated alerts guiding clinicians to the need for pre-emptive intervention, and the potential to increase longevity of the vascular access.
The RADAR technique in reconstruction of failed autologous arteriovenous fistulas due to juxta-anastomotic stenosis is equivalent to that with traditional surgery in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Xu Shuqi , Wang Jie , Tang Lijun , Cao Wei , Liang Liming , Wei Kai , Wang Zunsong , Kong Xianglei 
Published: November 2023

Objective: Autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is recommended as superior vascular access for hemodialysis but has a high rate of failure, and juxta-anastomotic stenosis (JAS) is one of the predominant causes of fistula failure. The aim of this study was to compare the primary patency in reconstruction of failed AVFs due to JAS between the radial artery deviation and reimplantation (RADAR) technique and traditional surgery (end-vein to side-artery neo-anastomosis) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods: A total of 1215 MHD patients with failed AVF were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study, and 614 patients with failed AVF received surgical intervention. Among these surgical interventions, 417 patients experienced AVF failure due to JAS. Finally, 25 patients who received the RADAR technique were enrolled. Controls of 50 patients received traditional surgery were randomly selected matched by age and sex. Clinical data such as age, sex, comorbidities, and blood biochemical indices were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to explore the difference between the RADAR group and the traditional group in reconstruction of failed AVFs. Results: The RADAR group and the traditional group shared common baseline characteristics. The primary patencies of the reconstructed AVFs were 88.8%, 79.0%, 72.2%, 57.4%, and 38.3% at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months among the 75 patients, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated similar primary patencies in the two groups (log-rank test, p = 0.73). Compared with the traditional group, the RADAR group had no difference in predicting AVF failure after adjusting for potential confounders, with an HR of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.18–4.63). Conclusions: The primary patency of the RADAR technique and the traditional surgery in the reconstruction of failed AVFs due to JAS is almost equal in 5 years.
Distal radial approach for arterial pressure monitoring with a long catheter provides safe and stable monitoring in the intensive care unit: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Maruhashi Takaaki , Oi Marina , Hattori Jun , Asari Yasushi 
Published: November 2023

Background: To compare the distal radial artery approach (DRA) with a longer catheter to DRA with a shorter catheter in arterial catheter (AC) placement in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of DRA with a long catheter (60 mm) for arterial catheterization in the ICU. DRA with a short catheter (25–30 mm) was used in the control group, and the groups were compared using multivariate regression analysis. The primary study endpoint was the incidence of unplanned AC removal. The secondary endpoint was the incidence of other inappropriate events, namely loss of arterial pressure waveforms, bleeding, catheter-related infection, pressure ulcer, and other complications associated with the AC. Results: In this study, the DRA with a long catheter was used in 50 patients. No unplanned AC removals or other inappropriate events occurred, and there were no complications associated with the DRA. The DRA procedural success rate was 100%. There was no significant difference in hemostasis times between the groups. Loss of arterial waveforms was an early predictor of unplanned AC removal. Conclusions: The DRA with a long catheter provided stable monitoring and was associated with a low unplanned removal rate. This method has the advantages of fewer complications and shorter hemostasis time compared with the DRA with a short catheter, and may become a new AC option in the ICU.
Early-cannulation arteriovenous grafts: Multidisciplinary learning is essential to optimize outcomes
Authors: Kingsmore David B , Stevenson Karen S , Edgar Ben , Aitken Emma , Jackson Andrew , Isaak Andrej , Richarz Sabine , Bainbridge Leigh , Stove Callum , Kasthuri Ram , Thomson Peter C 
Published: November 2023

Background: It is likely that there will be an increasing role for early-cannulation arteriovenous grafts (ecAVG) with a wider recognition of the need to tailor vascular access to avoid futile procedures and unnecessary TCVC. However, experience of these products is not common and limited to early surgical adopters, with little information on the systemic changes and multi-disciplinary care needed to optimize outcomes. The aim of this study was to report the impact of a multi-disciplinary approach on quantifiable outcomes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 295 ecAVG implanted over an 8-year time-period was performed. Indicative outcomes were chosen to reflect nephrology (patient selection), nursing care (cannulation complications of infection and pseudoaneurysm) and radiology (thrombosis) on cumulative impact (functional patency) over three distinct time periods. Results: The incidence of ecAVG increased 10-fold over the three time periods. The use of ecAVG changed significantly from salvage tertiary access to TCVC avoidance and salvage of existing AVF. Nursing complications reduced markedly with significantly fewer over-cannulation episodes and pseudo-aneurysms. With an improved pro-active surveillance programme, the time to first thrombosis doubled and the risk of thrombosis halved. Ultimately this resulted in significantly improved functional patency with a risk of ecAVG loss less than one-third by the last time-period. Conclusions: All aspects of ecAVG use require scrutiny and critical appraisal. Failure or success is not simply achieved by performing good technical surgery with an efficacious product, but by the care taken across a wide range of elements spanning case selection, implantation, use and maintenance.
‘I’m not just being difficult . . . I’m finding it difficult’: A qualitative approach to understanding experiences of autistic parents when interacting with statutory services regarding their autistic child
Authors: Radev Sarah , Freeth Megan , Thompson Andrew R 
Published: November 2023

The experiences of autistic parents when interacting with statutory services for their autistic children is not well understood. This study investigates the experiences of autistic parents’ interactions with statutory services, including education and healthcare, in relation to their autistic children. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to investigate their experiences. Ten autistic mothers of autistic children in mainstream education completed semi-structured interviews, which were co-developed with autistic parents. Two superordinate themes were developed: (1) The wider system is the problem and (2) Feeling judged and stigmatised. While Theme 1 demonstrates some similarities in the experiences of autistic parents to that of non-autistic parents in previous studies, theme 2 is unique to autistic parents who may feel that they are being treated differently. These themes indicate the importance of training encouraging a strength-based rather than deficit-based understanding of autism. Participants highlighted the wider system is the problem rather than individual professionals, and that it places some families at a disadvantage. Lay abstract Becoming a parent is an important part of adult life for many people, including autistic people. Many parents of autistic children can find getting the right support for their children difficult. Knowledge is currently poor about how this is experienced by parents who are also autistic themselves. The main researcher is also an autistic parent to an autistic child and other experts by experience were consulted in the development of the study. Ten autistic mothers with autistic children in mainstream education were interviewed about their experiences of seeking support for their autistic children from services such as healthcare and education. Participants talked about finding the overall system being the main problem, rather than the individuals working in it, and about needing to fight to get the right support for their children. These are points that non-autistic parents have also raised before. Participants also talked about feeling judged and stigmatised for being autistic, and about struggling to manage sensory and communication difficulties, which is something that has not been talked about by non-autistic parents. Improving services to offer better support to autistic families is important and can be achieved through better training. This training should be developed and run by autistic adults and focus on positive aspects of autism, rather than negative.
Investigating the Protective Effects of Rhubarb on Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Rats Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Liang Yuhua , Mao Mingjiang , Cao Xingqin , Guo Ying 
Published: November 2023

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of rhubarb, a widely used Chinese medicine for the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), which remains poorly understood. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques, we further to investigate the protective effcts of rhubarb on CIS rats. Methods To evaluate the oral bioavailability and drug similarity, rhubarb compounds were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and subjected to assessment based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion criteria. A total of 12 compounds were identified through the utilization of network analysis, and their identification was further confirmed by means of mass spectrometry. Additionally, the SwissTargetPrediction tool successfully predicted 296 potential targets associated with rhubarb, while the databases NCBI, GeneCards, Drug Bank, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man collectively identified 3027 targets related to CIS. Among these targets, 195 were found to be potentially associated with rhubarb. To analyze the functional annotation of Gene Ontology (GO) pathway enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Next, we established the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to evalute the protective effect of rhubarb on CIS rats. First, we using neurological function score to observe the neurologic impairment symptoms. TTC staining was used to measure the cerebral infarction volume. We determined the contents of MDA, SOD, and LDH using Biochemical reagent kits and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β using ELISA kits. Finally, Western blot were employed to examine the protein expressions of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Results A comprehensive identification of 20 genes associated with various pathways, including the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Additionally, through docking experiments, it was determined that the hub compounds (Eupatin, sitosterol, rhein, and (-)-catechin) may potentially impact the top 5 targets (AKT1, TNF, VEGFA, TP53, and IL1B). After the intervening with rhubarb, rhubarb signalificantly decreased the neurological function score and cerebral infarction volume; It also lowered the MDA and LDH contents and increased SOD content; Similarly, it decreased TNF-α and IL-1β levels; It increased the expreassion of p-PI3K and p-Akt1. Conclusion Our study demonstrated rhubarb exerts a protective effect via regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These findings serve as a valuable reference for the advancement of drug discovery and development in this field.