bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pressure Ulcer and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients Admitted To The Surgical Wards in The Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Of The Northwest Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Habtamu , Zemene Workie , Tesfaye Mrs.Eleny 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Pressure ulcers are a serious concern in patients with prolonged bedtime and present with common complications following surgery. It is one of the key performance indicators of the quality of nursing care provided to patients. and several studies have reported the prevalence of pressure ulcers in Ethiopia. There is a lack of evidence regarding its prevalence and associated factors in the current study area. The main objective of this study was to assess pressure ulcers and their associated factors among adult patients admitted to the surgical ward of the Amhara Regional Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia in ,2023.
Method: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 15 to June 19 ,2023 in NorthWest Ethiopia.and a systematic random sampling technique was used to select 480 patients . Descriptive data were presented as absolute numbers with percentages , and multivariate analysis was used to assess the statistical association between a ssociated factors and pressure ulcers . P < 0.05 indicated Statiscal significance .
Results: A total of 49 pressure ulcer cases were detected among 480 patients. a prevalence rate of 10.2%, 95% CI (7.7, 12.9). Participants who had smoked (95% CI: AOR 7.46 (2.64,21.06), were bedridden (95% CI: AOR 3.92 (1.28, 11.66), had length of hospital stay of 21days (95% CI: AOR 3.01 (1.13, 8.02), had pain (95% CI: AOR 3.20 (1.06, 7.51), or had friction and shear (95% CI: AOR 5.71 (1.91, 17.08), were found to be significant factors associated with pressure ulcers .
Conclusion: This study showed that a high percentage of Pus among patients had pressure ulcers. Smoking status, pain, bedridden status , friction and shear problems, and length of hospital stay were significantly associated with pressure ulcers . Healthcare providers should educate patients about smoking risk, pain management, mattress installation, and linen care.
Association between different types of physical activities and arthritis among Chinese elderly: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Authors: Zhang Zeng-qiao , Li Jie , Li Jiang-shan , Chen Jin-tian , Zheng San , Shan Yi-ming , Sun Wu-quan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
The association between physical activities and arthritis has gained considerable attention. However, current research on the correlation between different types of physical activity and arthritis in middle-aged and elderly individuals remains relatively limited. Gaining a deeper understanding of the impact of exercise behavior on arthritis in this population holds significant importance in comprehending joint health and disease management. This study aims to investigate the relationship between various types of physical activity and arthritis in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilized the first wave data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), where participants were categorized into either arthritis or non-arthritis groups. Meanwhile, based on the survey questionnaire, physical activity levels were classified into three categories of light, moderate, and vigorous. A logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the association between exercise and arthritis, with odds ratios (OR) reported to indicate the degree of correlation between the two factors.
Results
The cross-sectional analysis included a total of 5334 participants, among whom the overall prevalence of arthritis was 35.0%. After adjusting for all potential risk factors, there was an independent association between types of physical activity and arthritis (vigorous compared to light or moderate activity: OR = 1.473, 95%CI 1.276–1.701, p < 0.001; moderate compared to light activity: OR = 1.182, 95%CI 1.015–1.377, p = 0.032). In subgroup analysis, the association of types of physical activities with arthritis was also significant in participants over 55 years of age, male, BMI ≥ 24, as well as in individuals with hyperlipidemia or hypertension (p < 0.05). However, no significant associations were found in individuals with diabetes or hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal or digestive system disorders, BMI < 24, aged 45–55, or in the female population (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Exercise intensity is an independent risk factor for arthritis in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. The relationship between exercise and arthritis may be influenced by factors such as gender, age, BMI, and the presence of chronic diseases.
Disease aetiology and progression shape the inter-patient multi-omics profile of clear cell renal carcinoma
Authors: Penha Ricardo Cortez Cardoso , Sexton-Oates Alexandra , Senkin Sergey , Park Hanla A. , Atkins Joshua , Holcatova Ivana , Hornakova Anna , Savic Slavisa , Ognjanovic Simona , Świątkowska Beata , Lissowska Jolanta , Zaridze David , Mukeria Anush , Janout Vladimir , Chabrier Amelie , Cahais Vincent , Cuenin Cyrille , Scelo Ghislaine , Foll Matthieu , Herceg Zdenko , Brennan Paul , Smith-Byrne Karl , Alcala Nicolas , McKay James D. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous processes are associated with distinctive molecular marks in somatic tissues, including human tumours. Here, we used integrative multi-omics analyses to infer sources of inter-patient somatic variation within clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) and used them to explore how the disease aetiology and progression are reflected in the tumour DNA methylome, transcriptome, and somatic mutation profile. The main source of inter-patient variation within ccRCC tumours was associated with ageing, particularly cellular mitotic age estimated by DNA methylation (epiTOC2), clock-like DNA mutational signatures (SBS1/ID1), and telomere attrition, independent to chronological age. This component was associated with PBRM1 and SETD2 somatic cancer driver mutations, genome instability, tumor stage, grade, and ccRCC patient survival. Pan-cancer analysis supported the similar role of this molecular component in other cancer types. The ccRCC tumour microenvironment was another source of inter-patient variation, including a component associated with BAP1 driver mutations, epigenetic regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes (i.e., IL20RB, WT1) and patient survival. An additional source of ccRCC inter-patient variation was linked to the epigenetic regulation of the xenobiotic metabolism gene GSTP1. This molecular component was associated with tobacco usage and tobacco-related genomic features, implying a relationship with tobacco-related carcinogenesis, but also present in tumours of never-smoking patients, potentially implicating it in other genotoxic effects. By considering how the tumour DNA methylome, transcriptome, and somatic mutation profile vary across patients, we provide novel insights into the endogenous and exogenous processes acting within ccRCC tumours and their relation to the disease aetiology and progression.
3D printed core/shell scaffold based on nano/microspheric hydrogel for osteosarcoma anticancer delivery and bone regeneration
Authors: Ranjbaran Paniz , Esfandyari-Manesh Mehdi , Yourdkhani Alaleh , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein , Dinarvand Rassoul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
One of the most common types of bone cancer is osteosarcoma. Currently a combination of therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy is used. Bone defects, re-formation of the tumor, or remaining tumor cells after the surgery are the main challenges of osteosarcoma treatments. Scaffolds can be used to overcome the bone defects problem. In this study, we aim to fabricate a bilayer scaffold with the capacity of avoiding tumor recurrence and stimulating bone regeneration which brings a novel idea for osteosarcoma treatments. First, methotrexate was encapsulated in PLGA microspheres with 13.5% loading capacity. Then, coaxial extrusion-based 3D printer via a customized bilayer core-shell nozzle was employed to fabricate the scaffold. The implanted scaffold was printed by using gelatin methacrylol (GelMA) hydrogel containing methotrexate microspheres in the outer layer for anticancer drug delivery, and GelMA/alginate hydrogel containing nanohydroxyapatite and nanosilica in the inner layer for bone regeneration. The outer layer of the scaffold had rapidly degraded within 20 days and it played a great role in drug delivery and inhibiting the tumor cells’ growth. The inner layer with 4% nanosilica had slow degradation rate at about 50% in 60 days and it showed the highest mechanical strength with 225 kPa. Regarding osteogenesis property, ALP enzyme activity was increased considerably within 3 weeks. Also, significant increase in osteogenesis markers of RUNX2, OPN, and COL1A1 was observed. In addition to drug delivery at the tumor site, this bilayer scaffold could be a platform for the placement of healthy bone cells after drug delivery.
Optimizing Product Design Decisions: A Comprehensive Approach Driven by User Requirements
Authors: Hu Zhigang , Jia Dongyi , Qiao Xianling , Zhang Nan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

User requirements serve as the primary reference content in product design. The effective capture of crucial user requirements, followed by the development of a product technical solution aligned with these requirements, stands as a pivotal approach to enhancing design efficiency. Addressing challenges associated with intricate user requirements, the inherent ambiguity during the trans-formation of user needs into technical solutions, and the elevated design costs resulting from the subjective nature of decision-making in technical solutions, this paper introduces a method for optimizing product technical solution decision-making rooted in user requirements. The method in-corporates the Kano model and pairwise analysis for the collection and analysis of user requirements. It involves acquiring and assigning weights to these requirements. Leveraging the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) theory, user requirements are translated into technical elements. High-value technical elements are determined based on the autocorrelation between user weights and technical elements. Consequently, a solution set for product technical solutions is derived. To optimize the decision-making process for technical solutions, the non-cooperative-cooperative tandem game model is employed. This model operates on the principle of parallel design, facilitating the determination of the overall optimal technical solution. The aforementioned method efficiently addresses the challenge of transitioning from user needs to technical solutions, offering a solid foundation for the selection of product technical solutions. To illustrate and validate the feasibility and effectiveness of this decision-making optimization method for product technical solutions, this paper employs the research and development of a medicinal bath water heater as a practical example.
Comparative effective dose of ciprofol and propofol in suppressing cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation: a single-center, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Liao Min , Wu Xiao-ru , Hu Jia-Ning , Lin Xing-Zhou , Zhao Tang-yuan-meng , Sun Hu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Ciprofol, a novel γ-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, outperforms propofol with minimal cardiovascular effects, higher potency, reduced injection pain, and a broader safety margin. Despite these advantages, ciprofol's clinical research is still emerging. This study compares the median effective dose (ED50) and adverse reactions of ciprofol and propofol, in conjunction with sufentanil, for suppressing cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation.A total of fifty-three adult patients who required general anesthesia for tracheal intubation were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to either the ciprofol group (group C) or the propofol group (group P) using a random number table. Tracheal intubation was performed using a standardized laryngoscope and endotracheal tube. The Dixon's up-and-down method was employed to determine the ED50 and 95% effective dose (ED95) of ciprofol and propofol in inhibiting cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Based on the pilot study, the initial dose of ciprofol was set at 0.35 mg/kg (with a dose increment of 0.01 mg/kg) and propofol was set at 2.0 mg/kg (with a dose increment of 0.1 mg/kg). Dose-response curves were generated using probit analysis to establish the ED50 and ED95 required to inhibit cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Adverse events following drug administration were closely monitored.A total of 54 participants were included in the study, with 24 in group C (one participant excluded due to repeated intubation) and 30 in group P. Probit analysis revealed that the ED50 and ED95 of ciprofol for inhibiting cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation were 0.326 mg/kg (95% CI 0.304-0.337 mg/kg) and 0.349 mg/kg (95% CI 0.337-0.470 mg/kg), and for propofol, 1.541 mg/kg (95% CI 1.481-1.599 mg/kg) and 1.656 mg/kg (95% CI 1.599-1.943 mg/kg). Notably, group C demonstrated more stable hemodynamics during induction and showed a significantly lower incidence of injection pain compared to group P. Ciprofol demonstrated more stable hemodynamics and a lower incidence of adverse events during induction. Ciprofol may potentially be used as a substitute for propofol in a wider range of scenarios.
Clinical Trial Registration: hppts://ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT06095570(23/10/2023).
Deficiency of UCHL1 results in insufficient decidualization accompanied by impaired dNK modulation and eventually miscarriage
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xue Mingxing , Huang Jiefang , He Shan , Zhu Lingqiao , Zhao Xiaonan , Wang Bei , Jiang Tingwang , Zhang Yanyun , Miao Changhong , Zhou Guoqiang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Miscarriage is a frustrating complication of pregnancy that is common in women of reproductive age. Insufficient decidualization which not only impairs embryo implantation but disturbs the fetomaternal immune-tolerance, has been widely regarded as a major cause of miscarriage; however, the underlying mechanisms resulting in decidual impairment are largely unknown.
Methods
With informed consent, decidual tissue from patients with spontaneous abortion or normal pregnant women were collected to detect the expression profile of UCHL1. Human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were used to explore the roles of UCHL1 in decidualization and dNK modulation, as well as the mechanisms involved. C57/BL6 female mice (7–10 weeks old) were used to construct pregnancy model or artificially induced decidualization model to evaluate the effect of UCHL1 on mice decidualization and pregnancy outcome.
Results
The Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), as a deubiquitinating enzyme, was significantly downregulated in decidua from patients with miscarriage, along with impaired decidualization and decreased dNKs. Blockage of UCHL1 led to insufficient decidualization and resultant decreased expression of cytokines CXCL12, IL-15, TGF-β which were critical for generation of decidual NK cells (dNKs), whereas UCHL1 overexpression enhanced decidualization accompanied by increase of dNKs. Mechanistically, the promotion of UCHL1 on decidualization was dependent on its deubiquitinating activity, and intervention of UCHL1 inhibited the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, resulting in aberrant decidualization and decreased production of cytokines associated with dNKs modulation. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of UCHL1 also disrupted the decidualization in mice and causing adverse pregnancy outcome eventually.
Conclusions
UCHL1 plays significant roles in decidualization and dNKs modulation during pregnancy in both human and mice, and its deficiency indicates a poor pregnancy outcome due to defective decidualization, which makes UCHL1 to be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of miscarriage.
Critical load for torsional buckling of Kelvin-type digital materials
Authors: Luo Yuan , Zhang Tong , Yang Liu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Torsional buckling is likely to occur when digital materials are subjected to axial compression. There is little research on the torsional buckling of digital materials, which can be easily overlooked in design and pose safety hazards in engineering applications. The finite element method was used to study the bearing capacity of digital material under axial compression. The influences of local boundary conditions, geometric module parameters, and characteristic length on the critical load of torsional buckling of components were studied. The experimental results were compared with the finite element results, and excellent agreement was observed. Furthermore, the mechanism of torsional buckling was investigated by introducing the flexibility functions of digital materials, and a semianalytical solution for the critical load of torsional buckling was given. This formula could be used to estimate the load bearing capacities of digital materials or provide a reasonable assembly plan that could accommodate the preset load conditions for digital materials. This empirical formula could serve as a basis for further theoretical part of the research on the torsional buckling of other digital materials.
Artificial intelligence strategies based on run length matrix and wavelet analyses for detection of subtle alterations in hepatocyte chromatin organization following exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Pantic Jovana Paunovic , Vucevic Danijela , Radosavljevic Tatjana , Corridon Peter R. , Valjarevic Svetlana , Cumic Jelena , Bojic Ljubisa , Pantić Igor V. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of machine learning models based on the features of the run length matrix (RLM) and wavelet analyses, with the potential to detect subtle alterations in hepatocyte chromatin organization due to iron oxide nanoparticle exposure. A total of 2000 hepatocyte nuclear regions of interest (ROIs) from mouse liver tissue were analyzed, and for each ROI, 5 different parameters were calculated: Long Run Emphasis, Short Run Emphasis, Run Length Nonuniformity, and 2 wavelet coefficient energies obtained after the discrete wavelet transform. These parameters served as input for supervised machine learning models, specifically random forest and gradient boosting classifiers. The models demonstrated robust performance in distinguishing hepatocyte chromatin structures belonging to the group exposed to IONPs from the controls. The study's findings suggest that iron oxide nanoparticles induce substantial changes in hepatocyte chromatin distribution and underscore the potential of AI techniques in advancing hepatocyte evaluation in physiological and pathological conditions.
Beliefs, Taboos, Usages, and Health Perceptions Toward Wildlife Among Different Ethnicities in Tak and Mae Hong Son Provinces, Thailand
Authors: Suwannarong Kanokwan , Amonsin Alongkorn , Ponlap Thanomsin , Thammasutti Kannika , Thongkan Worakamon , Balthip Karnsunaphat , Bubpa Nisachon , Kanthawee Phitsanuruk , Pummarak Sipapa , Suwannarong Kangsadal 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This concurrent qualitative study studied wildlife beliefs, taboos, usages, and health perceptions among ten ethnic groups in four communities in Tak and Mae Hong Son, Thailand, from November 2020 to January 2021. Sixty-five respondents were selected for their extensive knowledge and active participation in wildlife culture and beliefs. Twenty (30.8%) participated in in-depth interviews (IDIs), while 45 (69.2%) participated in eight focused group discussions. The results showed that different ethnicities have different wildlife contact beliefs, taboos, usages, and health perceptions. Wildlife contact and consumption were thought to spread diseases, and cultural beliefs and taboos have helped some ethnic groups preserve nature and wildlife. Various ethnic groups have passed down traditions prohibiting the consumption of certain wild animals. The results may support developing disease prevention and intervention strategies to promote health literacy about wildlife contact risks by adapting villagers' socio-cultural beliefs and context characteristics by ethnicity.
Improving Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Table Grapes cv. ‘Fakhri’ with Foliar Application of Potassium Silicate and Humic Acid
Authors: Rasouli Mousa , Bayanati Mina , Tavakoli Fardin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Foliar application of nutrients improves the performance and quality of grapes, and silicon is recently classified as an essential element for plants. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with three replications on grapes cv. ‘Fakhri’. The treatments included three levels of potassium silicate (0, 1000 [S.K1], and 2000 mg.L− 1[S.K2]), combined with three levels of humic acid (0, 1000 [H1], and 2000 [H2] mg.L− 1). Morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as leaf microelements, were measured. The highest yield (10.56 kg/vine) was obtained with 2000 mg.L− 1K2SO3×2000 mg.L− 1humic acid. The interactive effects of these two treatments changed the activity of catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and the content of zinc, manganese, iron, and copper elements in grape leaves increased. This result indicates that potassium silicate and humic acid had a synergistic effect and increased all quantitative and qualitative indices of ‘Fakhri’ grapes studied in this experiment.
Risk of Maculopathy in Tamoxifen Users: Drug Exposure and Risk Factors
Authors: Kwon Hyeon Yoon , Kim Jiyeong , Ahn Seong Joon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Tamoxifen, a pivotal therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, is known for its efficacy in reducing breast cancer recurrence and mortality. However, concerns about potential ocular complications, particularly maculopathy, have emerged. This study aims to investigate the risk and associated factors of diverse macular conditions in tamoxifen users, considering drug exposure, demographics, and systemic diseases. A nationwide cohort of tamoxifen users, comprised of 14,267 tamoxifen users, was analyzed using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) database in South Korea. Demographic and clinical characteristics were examined, and the cumulative incidence of macular diseases was stratified by age and cumulative tamoxifen dosage. Hazard ratios were calculated for risk factors, including age, sex, and systemic diseases affecting drug metabolism. Cumulative incidences of overall macular diseases, other maculopathy excluding common macular diseases, and macular edema were 26.4%, 11.4%, and 6.5%, respectively. The risk increased with age and cumulative tamoxifen dosage. Significant risk factors included age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease whereas dyslipidemia and liver disease showed no significant association with the macular conditions. Tamoxifen-induced maculopathy poses a concern for prescribing physicians and ophthalmologists, and this study provides valuable insights into its risk and risk factors. The complex interplay between age, cumulative tamoxifen dosage, and systemic diseases highlights the need for vigilant monitoring and screening strategies. This study may contribute to evidence-based guidelines for tamoxifen maculopathy screening, emphasizing the importance of considering multiple factors for recommendation on screening timing and frequency.