bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Photon Based Three‐Party Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Identity Authentication
Authors: Zhang Qi , Du Ming‐Ming , Zhong Wei , Sheng Yu‐Bo , Zhou Lan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultipartite quantum secure direct communication (MQSDC) enables multiple message senders to simultaneously and independently transmit secret messages to a message receiver through quantum channels without sharing keys. Existing MQSDC protocols all assume that all the communication parties are legal, which is difficult to guarantee in practical applications. In this study, a single‐photon based three‐party QSDC protocol with identity authentication is proposed. In the protocol, the message receiver first authenticates the identity of two practical message senders. Only when the identity authentication is passed, the legal message senders can encode their messages by the hyper‐encoding technology. In theory, two bits of messages can be transmitted to the message receiver in a communication round. The protocol can resist the external attack and internal attack, and guarantee the security of the transmitted messages and the identity codes of each legal message sender. The secret message capacity of the protocol is simulated with two‐decoy‐state method. The maximal communication distance between any two communication parties can reach 31.75 km with weak signal and decoy state pulses. The three‐party QSDC protocol can be extended to a general MQSDC protocol and has important application in the further practical MQSDC field.
An Optofluidic System for Monitoring Fluorescently Activated Protein Biomarkers
Authors: Al Fattah Md Fahim , Abouali Hesam , Hosseini Seied Ali , Yin Jian , Khan Asif Abdullah , Aghamohammadi Hamid , Poudineh Mahla , Ban Dayan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe ability to monitor protein biomarkers at clinically relevant concentrations is a powerful approach that provides insights into health status. The synergistic combination of microfluidics and photonics (optofluidic) has emerged as a new means to achieve this capability for detection and manipulation of biological samples. Here in this work, we demonstrate an optofluidic device which integrates the detection and the particle‐focusing components to facilitate on‐chip measurement of protein levels. With this design, we use a laser‐induced fluorescence technique for the direct measurement of protein levels on magnetic bead complexes tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorophore. The developed system was employed for the detection of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a model protein within a range of 0–20 μg/mL, showing an ability to resolve the fluorescence signal from different IgG concentrations down to 5.4 nM (0.81 μg/mL). The selectivity in detecting specific IgG target was tested by comparing the fluorescence signal levels from other interfering proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human IgM. Although our system was designed for detecting IgG protein, this optofluidic device can be a powerful platform for the rapid detection of a diverse range of biomarkers, including viral pathogens retaining adequate signal sensitivity and selectivity.
Characterization and transport properties of ceramic filler incorporated natural rubber composites
Authors: Dutta Barnali , Ray Samit Kumar 
Published: November 2023

AbstractCrystalline glass–ceramic fillers were prepared from calcium carbonate, silica, alumina, and calcium fluoride by heating and subsequent quenching in cold water. The fillers were incorporated into natural rubber (1,4‐cis‐polyisoprene) and the filled rubber composites were crosslinked with sulfur in the presence of different rubber additives. The unfilled and filled rubber composites were characterized. The transport properties of benzene, toluene, and p‐xylene (BTX) through the rubber composites were studied in terms of sorption, diffusion, permeation, and mass transfer coefficients. The effect of the ceramic fillers on the mechanical, thermal and transport properties were studied. The sorption data at different temperatures were used for calculating activation energy of diffusion, permeation, free energy, and enthalpy of sorption. The BTX remained in the liquid state within the composite matrix as evident from negative ΔS. The diffusion coefficient (D) and mass transfer coefficient (kmtc) of BTX decreased with the increase in filler loading. Accordingly, for the transport of BTX the unfilled rubber showed a D (D × 107 cm2/s) and mass transfer coefficient (kmtc × 104 cm/s) of 5.67/3.97/2.96 and 7.71/7.08/7.04, respectively which decreased to 5.06/2.95/2.57 and 7.53/6.95/6.90, respectively for the composite containing 50 wt.% ceramic filler.
The political economy of COVID‐19 vaccination in Indonesia
Authors: Surianta Andree , Patunru Arianto A. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe global COVID‐19 vaccination has been marred by the problem of inequity. Low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), including Indonesia, must overcome global and local barriers to provide doses to their population. Due to a lack of domestic R&D capability, Indonesia relied on global vaccine producers that are subject to the whims of their own governments. Ensuring equitable access domestically was also a challenge as public sector resources were limited. Using the four dimensions of vaccine access to examine Indonesiaʼs COVID‐19 inoculation campaign reveals gaps in the governmentʼs perception of vaccination inequity. While the administration fervently advocates for global vaccination equity, local barriers received minimal attention. Indonesiaʼs case highlights how domestic political dynamics can stymie a global effort and that resolving vaccination inequity requires lowering both global and local barriers. Finally, LMICs should also consider including private sector resources in their pandemic response to complement their limited public sector resources.
Novel bioactive 2‐phenyl‐4‐aminopyrimidine derivatives as EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S inhibitors for the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Shidi , Zhou Zhihui , He Jie , Guo Jiaojiao , Huang Xiaoling , An Yufeng , Pan Qingshan , Xu Shan , Zhu Wufu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractOverexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been implicated in the development of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, EGFR is an effective drug target for the treatment of NSCLC, and developing fourth‐generation EGFR inhibitors to overcome the resistance mediated by T790M/C797S mutations are currently under investigation. In this study, based on the binding model between Angew2017‐7634‐1 and EGFRT790M/C797S, several series of 2‐phenyl‐4‐aminopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The bioactivity of these compounds was evaluated and it is suggested that compound A23 could effectively inhibit the proliferation of Ba/F3‐EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S and H1975‐EGFRL858R/T790M cells, with an IC50 of 0.22 ± 0.07 and 0.52 ± 0.03 μM, respectively. Meanwhile, the kinase activity of A23 against EGFRL858R/T790M and EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S was also evaluated, with an IC50 of 0.33 and 0.133 μM, respectively. Moreover, compound A23 was further evaluated in the H1975 xenograft models with significant in vivo tumor growth inhibitions of 25.5%, which means that A23 could effectively inhibit the growth of tumor cells and promote the death of tumor cells. As a result, A23 could be identified as a novel potential EGFRDel19/T790M/C797S inhibitor.
An ultrasonic biosample disruptor with two triangular teeth on its radiation face
Authors: Yin Jia , Huang Huiyu , Zheng Mojing , Hu Junhui 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUltrasound has been used in biosample disruption such as disruption of algal cell and DNA. New structure of ultrasonic biosample disruptor (UBD) needs to be explored to increase the energy efficiency. In this study, an UBD with two triangular teeth on the bottom radiation face of the water tank has been proposed, to concentrate the acoustic energy into the slot between the two neighboring triangular teeth, in order to raise the acoustic energy utilization and fragmentation performance. The acoustic energy concentration into the slot is verified by the FEM computation, and the improvement of fragmentation performance is experimentally confirmed with spirulina and tribonema, compared to the traditional UBD which has a flat radiation face. The number proportion of fragment in the length range of 10–20 μm generated by the UBD proposed in this work is 17.08% and 10.82% more than that generated by the traditional UBD for the two samples, respectively. Besides, the UBD proposed in this work has a much smaller standard deviation of DNA fragment length (47 bp) than the traditional UBD (249 bp), with a similar mean length of fragments. Moreover, the maximum weight proportion of fragment in the range of 100–300 bp, generated by the UBD proposed in this work, is 71.4%.
Feasibility and performance of cross‐clone Raman calibration models in CHO cultivation
Authors: Machleid Rafael , Hoehse Marek , Scholze Steffi , Mazarakis Kleanthis , Nilsson David , Johansson Erik , Zehe Christoph , Trygg Johan , Grimm Christian , Surowiec Izabella 
Published: November 2023

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is widely used in monitoring and controlling cell cultivations for biopharmaceutical drug manufacturing. However, its implementation for culture monitoring in the cell line development stage has received little attention. Therefore, the impact of clonal differences, such as productivity and growth, on the prediction accuracy and transferability of Raman calibration models is not yet well described. Raman OPLS models were developed for predicting titer, glucose and lactate using eleven CHO clones from a single cell line. These clones exhibited diverse productivity and growth rates. The calibration models were evaluated for clone‐related biases using clone‐wise linear regression analysis on cross validated predictions. The results revealed that clonal differences did not affect the prediction of glucose and lactate, but titer models showed a significant clone‐related bias, which remained even after applying variable selection methods. The bias was associated with clonal productivity and lead to increased prediction errors when titer models were transferred to cultivations with productivity levels outside the range of their training data. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of Raman‐based monitoring of glucose and lactate in cell line development with high accuracy. However, accurate titer prediction requires careful consideration of clonal characteristics during model development.
Cusp overlap method for self‐expanding transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Aljabbary Talal F. , Komatsu Ikki , Ochiai Tomoki , Fremes Stephen E. , Ali Noman , Burke Lucas , Peterson Mark D. , Fam Neil P. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Radhakrishnan Sam 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundConduction disturbances and the need for permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation remains a common complication for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), particularly when self‐expanding (SE) valves are used.AimsWe compared in‐hospital and 30‐day rates of new PPM implantation between patients undergoing TAVR with SE valves using the conventional three‐cusp coplanar implantation technique and the cusp‐overlap technique.MethodsWe retrospectively compared patients without a pre‐existing PPM who underwent a TAVR procedure with SE Evolut R or PRO valves using the cusp‐overlap technique from July 2018 to September 2020 (n = 519) to patients who underwent TAVR using standard three‐cusp technique from April 2016 to March 2017 (n = 128) in two high volume Canadian centers.ResultsThere was no significant difference in baseline RBBB between the groups (10.4% vs. 13.2; p = 0.35). The rate of in‐hospital new complete heart block (9.4% vs. 23.4%; p ≤ 0.001) and PPM implantation (8% vs. 21%; p ≤ 0.001) were significantly reduced when using the cusp‐overlap technique. The incidence of new LBBB (30.4% vs. 29%; p = 0.73) was similar. At 30 days, the rates of new complete heart block (11% vs. 23%; p ≤ 0.001) and PPM implantation (10% vs. 21%, p ≤ 0.001) remained significantly lower in the cusp‐overlap group, while the rate of new LBBB (35% vs. 30%; p = 0.73) was similar.ConclusionCusp‐overlap approach offers several potential technical advantages compared to standard three‐cusp view, and may result in lower PPM rates in TAVR with SE Evolut valve.
Photoredox‐catalyzed Decyanative Radical Cross‐coupling Reactions of Aromatic Nitriles
Authors: Chao Fei , Yang Hai‐Bin , Fang Yanxiong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract(Hetero)arenes are one kind of important structural motifs existed extensively in clinical pharmaceutics, pesticides, and so on. Developing novel method for introducing (hetero)aryl group through the employment of cheap and abundant feedstocks has attracted considerable attentions from synthetic community. In this review, we summarize the recent advancements in photoredox‐catalyzed decyanative cross‐coupling reactions based on the persistent aromatic nitrile‐derived radical. We separate the review into redox‐neutral and reductive cross‐coupling reactions according to whether an external reducing agent is required. The diverse strategies of overcoming the redox potential limitation of photocatalyst are emphasized in the discussion of specific reaction.
NHC‐Stabilized Mixed Group 13/14/15 Element Hydrides
Authors: Ackermann Matthias T. , Szlosek Robert , Riesinger Christoph , Seidl Michael , Timoshkin Alexey Y. , Rivard Eric , Scheer Manfred 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe syntheses of novel N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts of group 13, 14 and 15 element hydrides are reported. Salt metathesis reactions between NaPH2 and IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2OTf (1) (IDipp=1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene) led to mixtures of the two isomers IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2PH2 (2 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2GeH2PH2 (2 b); by altering the reaction conditions an almost exclusive formation of 2 b was achieved. Attempts to purify mixtures of 2 a and 2 b by re‐crystallization from THF afforded a salt [IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2 ⋅ IDipp][PHGeH2BH2PH2BH2GeH2] (4) that contains the novel anionic cyclohexyl‐like inorganic heterocycle [PHGeH2BH2PH2BH2GeH2]−. In addition, the borane adducts IDipp ⋅ GeH2BH2PH2BH3 (3 a) and IDipp ⋅ BH2GeH2PH2BH3 (3 b) as even longer chain compounds were obtained from reactions of 2 a/2 b with H3B ⋅ SMe2 and were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the mechanism and energetics associated with 2 a/2 b isomerization as well as their decomposition pathways.
The application of nitroarenes in catalyst‐free photo‐driven reactions
Authors: Teng Kunpeng , Liu Qian , Lv Jie , Li TingTing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNitroarenes are usually excited to form photoexcited species in light‐induced reactions due to their unique properties, leading to the development of numerous related catalyst‐free photo‐induced reactions encompassing diverse reaction types and key intermediates. This review aims to summarize the progress in catalyst‐free photo‐induced reactions involving photoexcited nitroarenes and offers a brief overview of future directions in this field.
General dentists' knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Elizabeth Fitriana , Hidayat Wahyu , Dewi Tenny Setiani , Rezeki Sri , Krimadi Rosaline , McCullough Michael John , Cirillo Nicola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe most effective means for reducing oral cancer (OC) mortality is by preventing late‐stage disease. Early diagnosis can be improved by increasing awareness among healthcare providers, specifically general dental practitioners (GDP). Therefore, our study aimed to assess GDPs' knowledge of OC risk factors and perceived competence in performing conventional oral examination (COE) in routine dental practice.Material and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study conducted in five provinces of Indonesia, namely: Aceh, Banda Aceh (BA); Bandung, West Java (WJ); special district Jakarta (JKT), JKT; Pontianak, West Kalimantan (WK); and Sorong, West Papua (WP). The local Dental Association or Faculty of Dentistry invited the GDPs to attend an education program and complete the survey.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐seven GDPs completed the survey (WJ, n = 63; BA, n = 44, JKT, n = 27; WP, n = 23; and WP, n = 20). A large proportion (164 out of 177, 92.66%) of GDPs felt they had received insufficient training to equip them to diagnose OC and as many as 22.6% (n = 40) did not refer to specialists when they found suspicious mucosal lesions. Notwithstanding the significant regional variations, the majority of Indonesian GDPs self‐reported inadequate knowledge and awareness of OC and scarce confidence in performing COE.ConclusionGDP knowledge of OC risk factors and COE is key to improving early diagnosis of OC at a community level. Therefore, it is suggested that the lack of knowledge and confidence of GDPs reported here should be addressed through the national dental curriculum in Indonesia.
Oxidative Conversion of Polyethylene Towards Di‐Carboxylic Acids: A Multi‐Analytical Approach
Authors: Smak Tom J. , de Peinder Peter , Van der Waal Jan C. , Altink Rinke , Vollmer Ina , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo reduce the pressure on the environment created by the increasing amount of plastic waste, the need to develop suitable plastic recycling methods has become more evident. However, the chemical recycling toolbox for polyethylene (PE), the most abundant type of plastic waste, remains underdeveloped. In this work, analytical methods were developed to explore the possibility to oxidatively convert PE into di‐carboxylic acids as reaction products. A multi‐analytical approach including gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection, several (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance methods as well as in‐situ transmission infrared spectroscopy was used. This led to a thorough qualitative and quantitative analysis on the product mixture, which extends and clarifies the existing literature. Without a catalyst (thermally) already up to 7 mol % di‐carboxylic acids can be formed. Furthermore, it was found that the majority of the oxidized functionalities are carboxylic acids, (methyl) ketones, γ‐lactones, γ‐ketones and esters. An intra‐molecular hydrogen shift seemed key in the cleavage step and the formation of late‐stage side products. In addition, crosslinking reactions due to esterification reactions seem to limit the di‐carboxylic acid yield. Therefore, these two handles can be taken into account to study and design similar (catalytic) systems for the oxidative conversion of plastic waste.
Analysis and suppression of switching‐frequency harmonics in variable‐output‐voltage inverters
Authors: Farhadi‐Kangarlu Mohammad , Khiavi Abdolhamid Moallemi , Neyshabouri Yousef 
Published: November 2023

SummaryIn many practical applications such as motor drives, the inverter is required to produce a variable output voltage within a wide range (e.g., 0.1 to 1 pu). In such cases, when the inverter operates in low modulation index (low output voltage), the harmonic distortion of the output voltage increases due to considerable reduction in the magnitude of the fundamental component. Also, the ratio of the switching losses to the output power will be high in the low modulation index. In this paper, a simple solution is proposed to overcome the problems. The principle of the proposed solution is to adjust the DC‐link voltage so that the modulation index of the inverter remains within a specific high range. Different practical ways of obtaining controlled DC‐link voltage are presented. Also, for operation of the DC‐DC converter used for DC‐link voltage control, three strategies are proposed. The proposed solution is simple, and it is very effective and feasible to implement. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the idea has not been presented in this form previously. In order to verify the proposed solution, the simulation and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Women with hearing loss show increased dementia risk and brain atrophy
Authors: Fitzhugh Megan C. , Pa Judy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHearing loss is a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, it is unknown whether risk differs by sex.Study 1 used Cox proportional hazard models to examine sex differences in the association between hearing loss (measured by speech‐reception thresholds) and dementia risk. Study 2 examined how 2‐year changes in hearing is associated with changes in brain volume in auditory–limbic regions. Both studies used UK Biobank data.Women with poor hearing had the greatest risk of dementia, whereas women and men with insufficient hearing were at similar risk. Men with poor hearing did not have increased risk. Presence of social isolation/depressed mood minimally contributed to dementia risk in men and women. Women, but not men, with hearing loss had greater atrophy in auditory and limbic regions compared to normal hearing women and men.Women with hearing loss show greater risk of dementia and brain atrophy, highlighting the need to examine sex‐specific mechanisms.
Women in tunicate research: Pioneers of the past and their present legacy
Authors: Nydam Marie L. , Saffo Mary Beth , Di Gregorio Anna 
Published: November 2023

SummaryThe search for female scientists who pioneered the research on tunicates is hindered by the tradition of reporting only the first initials of authors' names on scientific publications using only the initials of their first names. While this practice has the theoretical merit of broadening the readership by preventing the possible bias that could be caused by the gender of the author(s) in some of the readers, it rendered the identification of female researchers active in, or before, the first half of the 20th century quite challenging. Sifting through several dozen electronic records, and with the help of references and/or quotes found online, we have stitched together the information that we were able to retrieve on the life of female scientists who authored some of the earliest publications on tunicates, and we have organized them in (approximate) chronological order. We have also compiled brief synopses of the findings of scientists active in the field of tunicate biology in more recent times, and organized them by subdiscipline.
Functional recovery evaluation of hybrid self‐centering piston‐based braced frames
Authors: Rahgozar Navid , Alam M. Shahria 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSevere earthquakes possess formidable destructive potential, leading to substantial damage, widespread disruptions, and tragic loss of life. In response, researchers and policymakers strive to develop innovative solutions to quantify the seismic resilience of structures. This study aims to evaluate the post‐earthquake functional recovery of two types of braced frames: Self‐Centering Piston‐Based Braced Frames (SC‐PBBFs) and Buckling Restrained Braced Frames (BRBFs). The SC‐PBBFs are designed to mitigate structural damage by incorporating Self‐Centering Piston‐Based Bracings (SC‐PBBs) equipped with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) bars and Friction Springs (FS). A set of building prototypes, representing low‐, mid‐, and high‐rise archetypes in seismic regions, are subjected to comprehensive analyses under 44 far‐field ground motions. This thorough examination incorporates seismic hazards, structural demands, and component damages to quantify the earthquake‐induced losses and repair timelines. The study findings indicate that BRBFs suffer more significant collapse losses than SC‐PBBFs. However, BRBF systems incur lower repair costs, mainly due to limited damage to acceleration‐sensitive non‐structural components. Additionally, the FEMA P‐58/ATC‐138 framework is employed to estimate re‐occupancy, functional recovery, and full repair time, identifying systems and components that exert a significant impact on functional recovery.