bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Iridium‐Content IrIn2 Intermetallics with an Unconventional Face‐Centered Orthorhombic Phase for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: He Caihong , Ma Chaoqun , Xia Jing , Zhang Huaifang , Han Sumei , Tian Yahui , Wang An‐Liang , Meng Xiangmin , Cao Wenbin , Lu Qipeng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIridium (Ir) is an efficient catalyst for overall water splitting, yet its widespread utilization is hampered by the substantial cost and limited stability. Alloying Ir with heteroatoms can optimize the electronic structure of the catalyst and reduce the required amount of Ir. Compared to solid solution alloys, Ir‐based intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with ordered and stronger Ir‐heteroatom bonds exhibit superior catalytic activity and durability. Hence, adjusting the crystal structure of Ir‐based IMCs is expected to further optimize the configurations of catalytic active sites with minimal usage of Ir. Here, IrIn2 IMCs with unconventional face‐centered orthorhombic structure are synthesized by a high‐temperature annealing reduction method, in which the atomic percentage of Ir is only 33%. The calculation results show that the d‐band center of IrIn2 is shifted upward compared to metallic Ir, resulting in enhanced adsorption with intermediates. Meanwhile, the formation of ordered Ir─In bonds improves the charge transfer effectively and makes the IrIn2 IMCs resistant to atom migration and dissolution during the electrochemical reactions. For overall water splitting, the cell voltage required to achieve 10 mA cm−2 is as low as 1.51 V under acidic condition. And IrIn2 IMCs exhibit excellent durability, with no degradation in performance >55 h.
A Biomimic Nanobullet with Ameliorative Inflammatory Microenvironment for Alzheimer's Disease Treatments
Authors: Wu Yanyue , Yang Jun , Geng Yiwan , Jiao Xiyue , Lu Zhiguo , Zhang Tianlu , Zhao Ruichen , Guo Jing , Wang Wenli , Wang Jing , Zhang Xin 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAβ oligomers, formed prior to diagnostic marker‐amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, can damage neurons and trigger neuroinflammation, which accelerate the neuronal injury in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, the combination of eliminating the Aβ oligomers and alleviating the inflammation is a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. However, the presence of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) and the intrinsic deficiencies of the drugs severely restrict their therapeutic effects. Inspired by the properties of rabies virus, a biomimic nanobullet (PBACR@NRs/SA) targeting neurons has been developed. The biomimic nanobullets possess the BBB penetrating character based on iron oxide nanorods; it can sequentially release rosmarinic acid and small interfering RNA targeting NF‐κB triggered by microenvironment, which improve the microenvironment inflammation and realize the cure for AD. Compared with non‐biomimic systems, the biomimic nanobullets exhibit a less caveolin‐dependent internalization pathway, which reduces ROS production and mitochondrial fission in neurons. Therefore, the biomimic nanobullet is hopeful for the treatment of ADs and provides a promising platform for other brain diseases’ treatments.
Spectral Tuning of High‐Harmonic Generation with Resonance‐Gradient Metasurfaces
Authors: Jangid Piyush , Richter Felix Ulrich , Tseng Ming Lun , Sinev Ivan , Kruk Sergey , Altug Hatice , Kivshar Yuri 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHigh‐index dielectric subwavelength structures and metasurfaces are capable of enhancing light‐matter interaction by orders of magnitude via geometry‐dependent optical resonances. This enhancement, however, comes with a fundamental limitation of a narrow spectral range of operation in the vicinity of one or few resonant frequencies. Here, this limitation is tackled by introducing an innovative and practical approach to achieve spectrally tunable enhancement of light‐matter interaction with resonant metasurfaces. Resonance‐gradient metasurfaces are designed and fabricated with varying geometrical parameters that translate into resonant frequencies dependence on one of the coordinates of the metasurface. The metasurfaces are composed of bone‐like nanoresonators, which are made of germanium and support high‐quality optical resonances in the mid‐IR spectral range. The concept is applied to observe the resonant enhancement of the third and fifth harmonics generated from the gradient metasurfaces being used in conjunction with a tunable excitation laser to provide a wide spectral coverage of resonantly‐enhanced tunable generation of multiple optical harmonics.
Zero‐Dimensional Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Zinc Halides for Multiple Applications in Anti‐Counterfeiting, X‐Ray Imaging and White LEDs
Authors: Wang Yunluo , Zhou Tianrui , Chen Jie , Qin Haoming , Wu Jianghua , Zhang Qing , Zheng Jiaqian , Li Xiang , Sun Yi‐Yang , He Yihui , Ma Xueqing , Ye Tingting , Liu Ruifeng , Gao Zesen , Hou Jingshan , Wang Lianjun , Chen Haijie , Jiang Wan 
Published: November 2023

AbstractZinc halides have been less explored even though they are a promising lead‐free family with the merits of environmental friendliness and low cost. Here, the organic–inorganic hybrid zinc halides are screened with aromatic molecules containing amino groups (MXDA: m‐Xylylenediamine, ABI: 2‐Aminobenzimidazole, pipda: 2‐piperidylmethylamine, p‐MPEA: p‐Methylphenethylamine), and six new compounds are discovered: (MXDA)ZnCl4 (1), (ABI)2ZnCl4 (2), (pipda)2H2OZnCl2 (3), [(pipda)4Zn2Br4]·H2O (4), (p‐MPEA)2ZnCl4 (5), and (p‐MPEA)2ZnBr4 (6). The discovered compounds exhibit diverse efficient light emissions (blue, green, yellow, and ultraviolet) under ultraviolet light irradiation. By doping Sb and Mn at the Zn site, (MXDA)ZnCl4 exhibits different colors of light under excitation light of different wavelengths, so it is successfully used for anti‐counterfeiting. (MXDA)Zn0.91Mn0.09Cl4 is also found to be an efficient X‐ray scintillator for X‐ray imaging. Among the as‐explored new phases, a maximum photoluminescent quantum yield of 82.60% is realized, enabling the utilization for white light‐emitting diodes. The results suggest that the zinc halides are a new lead‐free family with superior optoelectronic properties, which can be used for multiple applications.
Synthesis, Properties of MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2 Polymers Capable of Absorbing Vapor, Liquid Water Simultaneously
Authors: Yang Cailing , Zhang Wenxu , Xu Rongnian , Peng Huaiwu , Zhang Zhenshi , Liu Xiaomei , Li Li , Li Tingli , Li Jing , Liu Pengbo , Jin Xinlu , Ma Yuanyuan , Lei Ziqiang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractModified MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2 (MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2‐net) is used as a crosslinking agent and acrylic acid (AA) as a monomer, the MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2‐net grafted polyacrylic acid (MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2‐net‐g‐PAA (MAP)) composite water‐absorbent material is synthesized using the free radical polymerization method to study the application of composite absorbent materials in water collection. The structure and morphology of the composite water‐absorbent material are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and the contents of ammonium persulfate (APS), MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2‐net, and neutralization degree of AA are optimized. Under optimal conditions, the water absorption ratios of the composite materials in distilled water, tap water, and 0.9% NaCl solution are 744, 169.5, and 85.5 g g−1. In addition, the properties of collecting water vapor are investigated. At 25 °C, 50% Relative Humidity (RH), 70% RH, and 90% RH, the MAP water vapor adsorption capacity is 0.0312, 0.5760, and 1.6856 g g−1, respectively. The water vapor adsorption of MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2 and MIL‐101(Al)‐NH2 self‐polymerization products are 0.025 and 0.1278 g g−1, respectively. The result showed that autopolymerization can improve the water vapor adsorption performance.
Hyperbranched Dynamic Crosslinking Networks Enable Degradable, Reconfigurable, and Multifunctional Epoxy Vitrimer
Authors: Zhang Yuanbo , Yan Hongxia , Yu Ruizhi , Yuan Junshan , Yang Kaiming , Liu Rui , He Yanyun , Feng Weixu , Tian Wei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDegradation and reprocessing of thermoset polymers have long been intractable challenges to meet a sustainable future. Star strategies via dynamic cross‐linking hydrogen bonds and/or covalent bonds can afford reprocessable thermosets, but often at the cost of properties or even their functions. Herein, a simple strategy coined as hyperbranched dynamic crosslinking networks (HDCNs) toward in‐practice engineering a petroleum‐based epoxy thermoset into degradable, reconfigurable, and multifunctional vitrimer is provided. The special characteristics of HDCNs involve spatially topological crosslinks for solvent adaption and multi‐dynamic linkages for reversible behaviors. The resulting vitrimer displays mild room‐temperature degradation to dimethylacetamide and can realize the cycling of carbon fiber and epoxy powder from composite. Besides, they have supra toughness and high flexural modulus, high transparency as well as fire‐retardancy surpassing their original thermoset. Notably, it is noted in a chance‐following that ethanol molecule can induce the reconstruction of vitrimer network by ester‐exchange, converting a stiff vitrimer into elastomeric feature, and such material records an ultrahigh modulus (5.45 GPa) at −150 °C for their ultralow‐temperature condition uses. This is shaping up to be a potentially sustainable advanced material to address the post‐consumer thermoset waste, and also provide a newly crosslinked mode for the designs of high‐performance polymer.
Analysis of older adult blood pressure readings and hypertension treatment rates among the unsheltered population of Miami‐Dade County
Authors: Seshadri Suhas , Morgan Orly , Moore Alana , Parmar Shivangi , Schnur Julie , Montgomery Guy , Henderson Armen , Laban Joshua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess prevalence of elevated blood pressure readings, rates of established hypertension diagnosis, and blood pressure control medication prescription rates in a cohort of older people experiencing unsheltered homelessness presenting to a Street Medicine clinic in Miami‐Dade County, Florida. In addition, we will compare outcomes found in the study cohort to that of the general population.MethodsDemographic information, clinical history, blood pressure control medication prescription, and blood pressure measurements were taken by a Street Medicine team of medical providers. The team routinely provides medical evaluations and care for people experiencing unsheltered homelessness who reside in rough sleeper tent encampments located on the street. Clinical information and vitals were recorded in REDCap. De‐identified data from patients 65 years and above were downloaded and compared to a general population data set—the Centers for Disease Control National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (CDC NHANES) 2017–2020 Pre‐pandemic cohort. Data analysis was performed using R Studio version 4.3.2.ResultsBlood pressure was reported in 120 distinct interactions with older people experiencing homelessness. Compared to the age‐matched NHANES data, older people experiencing unsheltered homelessness were at significantly increased relative risk for elevated blood pressure within the range of Stage 1 Hypertension (RR: 3.914, 95% CI: 2.560–5.892, P < 0.001), and within range of Stage 2 Hypertension (RR: 5.550, 95% CI: 4.272–7.210, P < 0.001). According to NHANES, 49.6% of adults over 60 with diagnosed hypertension receive treatment. Of study participants, 69% of those with elevated blood pressure had previously received a diagnosis of hypertension and 15.9% on medication to control blood pressure.ConclusionOur cohort of older people experiencing unsheltered homelessness had higher rates of elevated blood pressure and reduced rates of hypertension diagnosis and treatment as compared to the general population. Older people experiencing unsheltered homelessness are a growing population, and future research should seek to evaluate and understand older adult care vulnerabilities, including chronic disease management, to improve health outcomes for those who are aging, hypertensive, and unhoused.
Bruno Schulz's 1936 book “Methodology of medical genetic research particularly with regard to psychiatry”
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S. , Klee Astrid 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn 1936, Bruno Schulz published the first detailed, book‐length review of the methodology of psychiatric genetic research, based on his experiences at the German Research Institute of Psychiatry. Emphasis is placed on proper selection of relatives and the ascertainment corrections required for Mendelian transmission models. Twin studies are considered as is the impact of reduced fertility on patterns of risk. For the field work, Schulz emphasizes the importance of trust‐building, confidentiality, collateral informants, and the use of medical and other administrative records, all ideally stored in personal files. Several methods of age‐correction are reviewed. Schulz provides detailed algebraic treatments of these and other problems, including tests for etiologic homogeneity, with worked examples. He emphasizes two fundamental concerns in psychiatric genetics research: (i) its inter‐dependency with the optimal diagnostic boundaries, which are rarely known and (ii) the genetic homogeneity of clinical samples. Given these problems, he is pessimistic about finding Mendelian transmission patterns. He assesses the predominant 19th‐century method of psychiatric genetic investigation—“hereditary burden”—to be crude and biased by family size. Although written at a time of consolidation of Nazi power in Germany, this book nowhere endorses their racial/eugenic policies and can be seen as subtly questioning them.
Endotype evaluation of Hispanic/Latinx‐American patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Wu Arthur W. , Tang Dennis M. , Hur Kevin , Jafari Aria , Chen Philip G. , Takashima Masayoshi , Chang Elena E. , Balzer Bonnie , Mathew Anna , Divatia Mukul , Xu Haodong , Robledo Juliana , Amin Luv , Tam Benjamin , Cvancara David J. , Kinua Amisheila G. , Syed Tariq A. , Paderin Dominique L. , Vasquez Missael , Ahmed Omar G. 
Published: November 2023

Key points
Hispanic‐American patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps have a comparable level of tissue eosinophilia compared to their Caucasian counterparts in the United States.
Mixed inflammation involving both neutrophils and eosinophils is more common in this population compared to Caucasians.
Findings from this study may indicate that Hispanic‐American patients have a unique endotype or endotypes that deserves further investigation.
Nanoarchitectonics on Electrosynthesis and Assembly of Conjugated Metallopolymers
Authors: Li Yongfang , Shan Xuanyu , Li Shumu , Wang Jinxin , Li Zhikai , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Xiaopeng , Hong Wenjing , Li Mao , Ma Yuguang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIn contrast to edge‐on and face‐on orientations, end‐on uniaxial conjugated polymers have the theoretical possibility of providing a macroscopic crystalline film. However, their fabrication is insurmountable due to sluggishly thermodynamic equilibrium states. Herein, we report the programmatic pathway to fabricate nanoarchitectonics on end‐on uniaxial conjugated metallopolymers by surface‐initiated simultaneous electrosynthesis and assembly. Self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) with bottom‐up oriented electroactive molecules as a temple allows orientation, stacking, and reactive addition of monomers triggered by switching alternative redox reactions as well as crystallization of small molecules. Repeating the same reaction can repair the unreactive site on the SAM and dynamically and statistically ensure maximum iterative coverage with ideal linear coefficients between optical or electrical responses and iterative times. The resulting nanoarchitectonics on uniaxially assembled end‐on polymers over centimeter‐sized areas have a subnanometer‐uniform morphology and exhibit ultrahigh modulus as well as an inorganic indium tin oxides and the highest conductance among conjugated molecular monolayers. Their memristive devices provide quantitative electrical and optical responses as a function of molecular length, bias, and iterative junctions. Precise processing of nanoarchitectonics as an electrically assisted assembly or printing technique can present sophisticated optoelectric functions and dimensional batch‐to‐batch consistency for micro‐sized organic materials and electronics.
Crystal Engineering of BiVO4 for Photochemical Sensing of H2S Gas at Ultra‐low Concentration
Authors: Zhao Fei , Wang Chuanzhe , Xiong Rui , Dai Yanfeng , Sa Baisheng , Yang Can , Xu Gang , Wang Xinchen 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe report a photochemical bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) sensing material, which possesses a large proportion of (110) and (011) facets combined with the additional (111) facets, for the selective detection of ultra‐low concentration hydrogen sulfide (H2S) driven by visible light. Specifically, the obtained octadecahedron BiVO4 (Octa‐BiVO4) performs a high response value (67) and short response time (47.4 s) to 100 ppm H2S with good stability for nearly 100 days, as well as undisturbedness by moist air. With the combination of experimental and theoretical calculation results, the adsorption and carrier transfer behaviors of H2S molecules on the Octa‐BiVO4 crystal surface are investigated. By adjusting the ratio of different crystal facets and controlling the facets with characteristic adsorption, we achieve improved anisotropic photoinduced carrier separation and high selectivity for a specific gas. Furthermore, this facial facet engineering can be extended to the synthesis of other sensing materials, offering huge opportunities for fundamental research and technological applications.
Length‐Dependent Magnetic Evolution of Anthenes on Au(111)
Authors: Zhang Hui , Lu Jianchen , Zhao Xin‐Jing , Li Baijin , Zhou Hangjing , Zhang Yong , Niu Gefei , Fu Boyu , Gao Lei , Tan Yuan‐Zhi , Cai Jinming 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanographenes with zigzag edges, for example, anthenes, exhibit a unique nonbonding π‐electron state, which can be described as a spin‐polarized edge state that yields specific magnetic ground state. However, prior researches on the magnetism of anthenes with varying lengths on a surface is lacking. This study systematically fabricated anthenes with inherent zigzag carbon atoms of different lengths ranging from bisanthene to hexanthene. Their magnetic evolution on the Au(111) surface was analyzed through bond‐resolved scanning probe techniques and density functional theory calculations. The analyses revealed a transition in magnetic properties associated with the length of the anthenes, arising from the imbalance between hybridization energy and the Coulomb repulsion between valence electrons. With the increasing length of the anthenes, the ground state transforms gradually from a closed‐shell to an antiferromagnetic open‐shell singlet, exhibiting a weak exchange coupling of 4 meV and a charge transfer‐induced doublet. Therefore, this study formulated a chemically tunable platform to explore size‐dependent π magnetism at the atomic scale, providing a framework for research in organic spintronics.
Localized Anion‐Cation Aggregated Aqueous Electrolytes with Accelerated Kinetics for Low‐Temperature Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Peng Huili , Zhang Shaojie , Liu Hongxia , Wang Nana , Yang Jian 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc metal batteries hold great promise for large‐scale energy storage because of their high safety, rich material resources and low cost. However, the freeze of aqueous electrolytes hinders low‐temperature operation of the batteries. Here, aqueous localized anion‐cation aggregated electrolytes composed of Zn(BF4)2 as the salt and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the diluent, are developed to improve the low‐temperature performance of the Zn anode. THF promotes the inclusion of BF4− in the solvation sheath of Zn2+, facilitating the formation of ZnF2‐rich solid‐electrolyte‐interphase. THF also affects the hydrogen bonding between neighboring H2O molecules, effectively lowering the freezing point. Therefore, the full cells of Zn||polyaniline (PANI) exhibit an ultralong cycle life of 8000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.99 % at −40 °C. Impressively, the pouch cells display a high capacity retention of 86.2 % after 500 cycles at −40 °C, which demonstrates the great prospect of such electrolytes in cold regions. This work provides new insights for the design of low‐temperature aqueous electrolytes.
Innovative covalently modified Al‐MOF as a highly selective fluorescent sensor for Al (III) detection in tap water, human serum, and tea samples
Authors: Basha Maram T. , Shahat Ahmed , Yakout Amr A. 
Published: November 2023

Generally, aluminum exposure is not a risk; however, long‐term and high‐intensity exposure can have a negative impact on health. The ligand‐embedded MOF was developed for high sensitivity in the detection and removal of Al (III) ions in aqueous solutions. Novel selective metal–organic framework was synthesized via strong covalent attachment of NH2‐MIL‐53(Al) and 2‐hydroxy naphthaldehyde (2‐HNA) for selective and efficient fluorometric sensing of Al (III) ions. The elemental structure and morphology of the fabricated sensor (2‐HNA = N‐MIL‐53[Al]) were thoroughly evaluated to understand the high selectivity and considerable fluorescence stability in the water. The intensity of the sensor fluorescence increased linearly as the concentration of Al (III) increased from 0.19 to 2.0 ppm with a detection limit of 33.1 ppb (1.23 × 10−6 M) and 5 s of response time at pH 7. The potential mechanism is discussed. The high selectivity of the developed chemosensor was achieved against various competing environmentally relevant metal ions. Furthermore, Al (III) ions were successfully quantified in tap water, wastewater, human serum, and tea samples. The high precision (RSD percent, 0.009–1.76) and excellent accuracy (recovery percent, 99.96–101.56) of the 2‐HNA = N‐MIL‐53 (Al) sensor indicated that it holds great promise for the ultrafast and highly selective determination of Al (III) ions in wastewaters, with high reproducibility and reversibility.
Flipped classroom assisted by Rain Classroom for anatomy practical classes: Challenges and opportunities of anatomy education
Authors: Wang Lulu , Du Baopu , Fang Dongliang , Gao Yan , Liu Li 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAnatomy practical classes are an essential part of learning human anatomy. The flipped classroom teaching model has been used in medical education in recent years. However, its precise impacts on anatomical knowledge acquisition and learning outcomes remain controversial. With the development of information technology, new educational tools, such as Rain Classroom, have recently attracted much interest. The Rain Classroom is an application that can easily connect students and teachers through smartphones or computers. However, whether and how to apply it to the flipped classroom in anatomy practical classes needs to be evaluated. In this study, we designed a teaching model of flipped classroom assisted by Rain Classroom and carried it out in anatomy practical classes at our university. Results showed that the final exam scores of the experimental group were significantly improved, compared with the control group (p < 0.01); the final exam score was significantly correlated with both the pre‐class quiz score (p < 0.05) and the in‐class quiz score (p < 0.001). Student satisfaction was measured by a questionnaire on a Likert scale of 1–5. All the mean scores were greater than 4.5, indicating that most students had positive attitudes toward this teaching model. The present study suggests that the Rain Classroom helps support students throughout the learning processes of the flipped classroom, and the model of flipped classroom assisted by Rain Classroom could improve students' learning efficiency and ultimately increase their exam performance in anatomy practical classes.