bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on vibration response of 550 kV GIL isolation compensation unit against earthquake loading
Authors: Tian Zhiren , Gong Junqiang , Zhang Lin , Zhang Xin , Chen Zhiqiang , Huang Ruodong , Xiong Jiaming 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
To analyze the vibration response of Gas Insulated Transmission Lines (GIL) of urban power grid under different seismic intensity levels, based on the actual structure of the standard isolation compensation unit (isolation unit and compensation unit) of 550kV GIL, A fine 3D model of isolation compensation unit segment of 550 kV GIL was established, and the actual vibration response of each standard unit segment of GIL under different seismic conditions was studied by response spectrum analysis. This study clarified the action mechanism and law of GIL vibration characteristics under seismic conditions of urban power grids, provided the relative support for the research of shock absorption of GIL, and was great significance to the actual project of GIL.
The optimization, design and performance of the FBCM23 ASIC for the upgraded CMS beam monitoring system
Authors: Kaplon Jan , Wegrzyn Grzegorz , Shibin Konstantin , Barendregt Marnix 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present the development of the FBCM23 ASIC designed for the Phase-II upgrade of the
Fast Beam Condition Monitoring (FBCM) system built at the CMS experiment which will replace the
present luminometer based on the BCM1F ASIC [1]. The FBCM system should
provide reliable luminosity measurement with 1 ns time resolution enabling the detection of
beam-induced background. The FBCM23 ASIC comprises 6 channels of the fast front-end amplifier
working in transimpedance configuration, booster amplifier, and leading edge
discriminator. The complete processing chain provides an overall shaping function equivalent to
the CR-RC3 filter. The paper will show the optimization of the design, overall
architecture, and the detailed implementation in a CMOS 65 nm process as well as preliminary
electrical performance.
CMS Outer Tracker Phase-2 Upgrade on-module powering
Authors: Zografos A. , Blanchot G. , Kovacs M. , Mateos I. , Schleidweiler K. , Szydlik P. ,   the CMS Tracker collaboration
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The CMS Tracker Phase 2 Upgrade for the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider will use two module types, which contain different sensor configurations and custom ASICs. Guaranteeing the power integrity of all modules for the full lifetime of the detector is crucial for the detector performance. This article describes the historical evolution of the powering architecture, the problems encountered, and the solutions implemented for the two types of modules, as well as the final on-module powering strategy along with the data and modelling that motivated it.
Observed links between heatwaves and wildfires across Northern high latitudes
Authors: Hegedűs D , Ballinger A P , Hegerl G C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Data on Arctic and Sub-Arctic summer heat events are limited due to the sparse network of surface observation stations. Here, we analyze large heat events within 60°–80°N using land surface temperature (LST) observations from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor aboard the Terra satellite. Our heatwave (HW) detection method uses exceedances of the climatological 90th percentile of LST across summer months, and a spatio-temporal density-based clustering algorithm to distinguish space-time coherent events across Northern Hemispheric high latitudes for the summers of 2000–2022. We find a close link between HW duration, spatial extent and amplitude across the study region (correlations ranging from 0.63 to 0.73). MODIS-derived burned area data show that wildfire seasons are significantly correlated to summer HW activity, particularly in Siberia (r = 0.87 at p < 0.05) and Alaska and NW Canada (r = 0.45 at p < 0.05), and are also spatially co-located. MODIS active fire data also show substantial increase during larger heat events. For the strongest HWs in Siberia, the peak in daily fire count (from the MODIS active fire archive) lags behind peak HW activity. We conclude that there is a close link between intense fire summers and extensive HWs over boreal and shrub tundra regions (Interior Alaska, the Canadian Prairies and Eastern Siberia).
Corrugated Structural Metal Decking System under Tensile Strength Test
Authors: Chong Weng Khuen , Wong Jing Ying , Yip Chun-Chieh , Goh Yann Ling , Sanzana Mirza Rayana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Corrugated metal decking has been widely used in the construction industry for many years due to its benefits towards the sustainability, improve time performance of the projects and environmental aspects. This article includes the investigation of tensile strength and identify the failure behaviour of different corrugated surface profile of the metal decking that innovated for structural slab. Novelty of this research is the discovery of the tensile performance of a cold rolled corrugated metal decking profiles at various points of interest for a composite flooring system. Tensile strength specimen preparation complies with the ASTM E8 Standard. A total of 60 specimens with different thicknesses and different parts of metal deck have been tested by the universal testing machine (UTM). The findings on how Base Metal Thickness (BMT) affects the tensile strength and the unique roll formed of the corrugated metal decking system, with 0.75BMT & 1.00BMT, are discussed and analysed in this article. Results showed that the average tensile strength value for 0.75BMT and 1.00BMT from part A was 592.47MPa and 554.41MPa, respectively, and the metal decking is up to the designed strength and the unique roll forming embossment provides better bonding quality between concrete and steel to be used in the industry.
Carbonation of Shale Ceramsite High-Strength Lightweight Concrete Incorporating Graphene Oxide
Authors: Hong Xiaojiang , Lee Jin Chai , Chu May Yen , Li Lin , Zhou Zhengjie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The growing demand of concrete for improving durability has stimulated extensive research on graphene oxide (GO). Carbonization, as an irreversible deterioration, should be paid more attention to high-strength lightweight concrete (HSLWC) with the characteristics of porous structure. In this study, the effect of different low content of GO on the carbonation depth of HSLWC made from shale ceramsite was experimentally investigated. Subsequently, the effect of GO on pore distribution of HSLWC was analyzed. Four groups of grade 60 HSLWC were designed for comparative experiments, in which 0.00%, 0.01%, 0.03% and 0.05% (by weight of cement) GO were added, respectively. The results indicated that GO could effectively reduce the carbonization depth of HSLWC. When GO content was 0.05%, the carbonization depth was reduced by approximately 23%. The main reason was that GO not only reduce the total porosity but also refine the pores, thus improving the carbonization resistance of HSLWC.
Investigation of Microwave-Assisted Ethanol Pre-Treatment Towards Delignification Efficiency of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Gill Ashvinder Singh , Wong Kam Huei , Lim Steven , Pang Yean Ling , Shuit Siew Hoong 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) such as the oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) has emerged as one of the sustainable alternative renewable bio-resources in retrieving the valuable bioproducts such as lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The natural recalcitrance of LCB by the disarray of lignin is overcome through the combinative application of organosolv pre-treatment followed by microwave irradiation, which helps to break down LCB into its respective components. This physicochemical treatment process was conducted to evaluate the effect of ethanol solvent, microwave power and duration against delignification and the total sugars yield. The highest delignification rate was obtained with lowest amount of lignin left in OPEFB sample of 0.57% for samples pre-treated with ethanol, subjected to reaction time of 90 minutes and microwave power of 520 W. Microwave power functions to increase the temperature of the ethanol organic solvent utilized, which in turn helps break the protective lignin layer of OPEFB. On the other hand, the data on surface morphology supports this data finding, where OPEFB samples pre-treated with 55 vol% of solvent subjected to similar microwave duration and power is observed to have higher opened and deepened surface structure, in which higher thermal degradation lead to more lignin being removed in order to expose and extract the total sugars. Therefore, it can be concluded that ethanol pre-treatment in combination with microwave irradiation can serve as a novel integrated method to optimize the delignification process from OPEFB.
Awareness of using Plastic Brick in Brunei Construction Industry
Authors: Rahman Md Motiar , Faizal Atikah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Plastics form a considerable part of wastes, which are not managed properly, but create many environmental and health problems. A part of such wastes can be used as plastic bricks, to offer effective management of plastic wastes, and reduced emissions, materials and energy cost. A questionnaire survey assessed awareness of Brunei construction industry through 73 responses using 13 relevant key benefits. The Cronbach’s Alpha suggested the reliability of the observed sample. Statistical t-tests confirmed that all the benefits are statistically significant, and of high general importance. Despite different priority of various groups of respondents, ANOVA results showed that they broadly agreed on the priority of importance of various factors. Such results were interpreted to have some good awareness of Brunei construction industry on using plastic bricks. Factor analysis extracted three interrelated components, suggesting a consolidated and holistic approach for wider adoption of plastic bricks in construction. The next step is to undertake further research of identifying and assessing large scale benefits, problems/challenges and relevant strategies for wider adoption of plastic bricks, and using larger sample size.
The Impacts of ICT and innovation on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in G20 Countries
Authors: Lee Hui Shan , Yap Le Ting , Lee Sin Yee , Har Wai Mun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The G20 countries collectively account for a substantial portion of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as they represent the world’s major economies and industrial powers. The continual growth in CO2 emissions exacerbates the greenhouse effect, which negatively influences the environment and ecosystems by raising temperatures, altering weather patterns, and increasing sea levels. To effectively address global climate action, it is imperative to tackle and reduce CO2 emissions in G20 nations. The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of ICT and innovation on CO2 emissions in G20 countries. Using panel quantile regression, we analyze data spanning from the year 2000 to 2019 to derive meaningful results. The findings demonstrate a strong positive association between ICT and CO2 in nations that fall between the 10th and 40th quantiles. The countries with carbon dioxide emissions falling between the 30th and 90th quantiles also showed a strong positive correlation between patent applications and CO2. The conclusion of this study shows that innovation and ICT do not always reduce CO2, especially at levels of CO2 emission below the 40th quantile. As a result, depending on the country’s CO2 level, different ICT and innovation-related initiatives may have different effects on CO2. The novelty of this study reveals that the relationship between ICT, innovation, and CO2 emissions is underscored by varying levels of CO2 emissions.
End-of-life waste management practices: A brief review
Authors: Roslim Nurul Ahsha Binti Haji , Rahman Md Motiar , Yusof Ismawi Hj Md 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Effective management of construction and demolition waste is one of the key aspects of sustainable construction. As such, many studies have been conducted on waste management in construction in general, however, only a very few focusing on demolition or the end-of-life (EOL) phase of buildings. Understanding and managing EOL waste is important, e.g., to avoid illegal landfills, but critical to implement Circular Economy (CE) in construction. CE aims to create a regenerative built environment to make buildings more adaptable for the future and allows reclaiming of useable materials and components from old buildings to further use elsewhere, especially with the help of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Therefore, this study was designed to assess the construction industry awareness of EOL waste management, identify relevant issues/barriers, and a set of strategies to overcome those barriers and implement CE in construction. This paper specifically focused on the outcomes of a systematic literature review extracting relevant issues/barriers and strategies. A total of twenty-three barriers/issues in six groups and twenty-one strategies in four groups have been extracted. The six groups of issues/barriers are policy, sociological, expenses, technology, research and development, and time-related barriers. Among these, sociological barriers, particularly the lack of awareness, education, and publicity are perceived to be the major issues. Among the four groups of strategies, i.e. policy, organisational, technological, research, and development; Formulation of policies and setting goals specifically in achieving sustainable EOL waste management are mostly suggested/cited by previous authors than others. While a summarised discussion on these groups and individual factors will be presented in the paper, the next stage of the study is to refine the various factors and conduct a structured questionnaire survey of the construction industry participants, to tap experiential knowledge and suggestions.
Bearing capacity of Percut Sei Tuan clay stabilized with palm shell ash
Authors: Endriani Debby , Bawadi Nor Faizah , Waruwu Aazoki , Ritonga Ahmad Hafizullah 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Improvements to the bearing capacity of the soil have been carried out and developed at this time, one of which is the stabilization of clay soils. There are several alternatives to solve low soil bearing capacity, one of which is using geo-synthetic materials but has a weakness in terms of high cost. Another alternative is to add palm shell ash as a stabilizing agent. The effect of adding palm shell ash has not been thoroughly studied, so further research is needed. The material added is palm shell ash with a variation of 0%, 4%, 8%, 10%, and 12% in each test. The tests carried out in the laboratory were water content (w), specific gravity test (Gs), Atterberg limit test, sieve analysis (sieve analysis), soil compaction test, and CBR (California Bearing Ratio) test. The CBR test was carried out by curing the soil for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days with a mixture of palm shell ash before compaction. The soil in this study belongs to the A-7-5 group. The CBR (California bearing ratio) value increased with the increase in the palm shell ash percentage in the mixture after curing the soil. The highest CBR value was in the variation of 12% palm shell ash with a 7-day curing period of 6.92% with a soil bearing capacity of 5.06.
The Effect of Seismic Design on Total Cost of Structural Work for Medium Rise Apartment Building
Authors: Zulkhibri N S , Adiyanto M I , Roslan H A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
People believed Malaysia did not experience earthquakes because the country is not in the Pacific Ring of Fire. Then, an earthquake of magnitude M
w 6.0 struck Ranau, Sabah, meaning Malaysia was no longer safe from seismic catastrophes. This is especially true when most buildings in Malaysia are not made to withstand the shaking that comes from earthquakes. Considering the seismic design will mean using higher steel reinforcement, immediately raising costs. Hence, this paper studies the cost effect on Sabah’s 6-story reinforced concrete (RC) apartment building. The study had three levels of reference peak ground acceleration: α
gR = 0.08 g, 0.12 g, and 0.16 g, and the soil type was D which was classified as Ductility Class Medium (DCM). In the comparison between the non-seismic and seismic models, the findings suggested that the amount of steel reinforcement per 1 m3 of concrete increased by 7% and 31%, respectively. Other than that, the cost increment of structural work increased by 3.3% to 12.7% compared to the non-seismic model.
The Effect of Cross Sectional Properties of Concrete Column on the Repair Material: A Review
Authors: Ali Saleh Ahmed Alhaj , Zahid M.Z.A. Mohd , Razak S.M. , Rahim Nur Liza , Johari Izwan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The utilization of Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) as a material for repairing concrete structures holds immense promise and potential. UHPFRC usage in concrete has been a significant rise in the interest surrounding the enhancement and renovation of concrete structures, particularly focusing on columns. UHPFRC has showcased remarkable bonding potency with concrete, along with an impressive capacity to renew the load-bearing capability of compromised reinforced concrete columns. However, the limited application of UHPRFC as a repair material for concrete columns is primarily attributable to a lack of comprehension regarding the influence of shape and size effects, particularly as they pertain to square and rectangular columns. In this paper, the factors behind the impact of cross-sectional properties on the effectiveness of UHPFRC as a repair material is presented. Therefore, it can be adopted by researchers to explore the UHPFRC potential in structural rehabilitation applications especially for concrete columns. It is believed that the relationship between the cross-sectional area, aspect ratio, and corner radius ratio of the column and repair material is a vital parameter affecting the performance of repaired columns.
Utilizing Eco-Zno from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata peels and graphene oxide for removal of Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic in water
Authors: Ee W , Mohamed R M S R , Al-Gheethi A , Khamidun M H , Heshammuddin N A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cephalexin (CFX) antibiotic concentration has been used as a marker for identifying emerging pollutants (EPs) in the non-medical setting due to its significant ability to cause antimicrobial resistance with the highest risk quotient. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of Eco-Zinc Oxide-Graphene Oxide (Eco-ZnO/GO) nanocomposite (NC) from green synthesis of Musa Acuminata by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The focus of the study is to optimize the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO NC from green synthesis of M. Acuminata for removal of CFX by using adsorption. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) will be used as well to analyzed the adsorbent dosage, irradiation time, and pH value to obtain the optimum condition of the efficiency of Eco-ZnO/GO for the removal of CFX. The average particle sizes for Eco-ZnO and GO were determined to be 10 nm and 300 nm, respectively, by using FESEM. It is deduced that the optimization factors of adsorbent dosage to 100 mg/L, irradiation time to 120 min, and intial concentration of CFX to 100 mg/L could achieve the mean removal of CFX by 22.17 %. The study contributed to the new knowledge of using nanocomposite materials to remove CFX in the water. However, more thorough studies are needed to obtain higher removal capacity.
Reduction of Microplastic in Wastewater Via Electrocoagulation Process
Authors: Kasmuri Norhafezah , Rosli Mohd Syafiq , Zaini Nurfadhilah , Nayono Satoto Endar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In recent years, microplastic has become an emerging contaminant that has endangered the ecosystem and public health. This environmental issue has been discovered in the atmosphere, soil, and water bodies. These sources of pollutants can be either primary or secondary. The primary sources of microplastic are the clothing and cosmetic industry, plastic manufacturing plants, fishing businesses, shipping lines, sewage treatment plants, car tires and air blasting. Moreover, microplastic emission from secondary sources involves degrading large plastic particles to smaller elements under mechanical fragmentation and ultraviolet. Microplastic can be defined as plastic particles of different shapes that are less than 5mm. It can be denoted that this microplastic has been detected in the wastewater effluent and needs to be sufficiently removed from the conventional methods. Therefore, this research aims to determine the reduction rate of microplastic in wastewater via the electrocoagulation process. The wastewater effluent was taken from the wastewater treatment plant, Universiti Teknologi MARA Campus Dengkil. The characteristics of the wastewater effluent have been determined for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia-nitrogen, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity and E.coli. The microplastic employed in the experiment was polystyrene (PS). A duration of 60 and 120 minutes were taken to reduce the PS. Additionally, the analysis using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been done to observe the chemical structure of the PS polymer. The results showed that the maximum percentage of reduction for COD was 100%, TSS with a value of 80%, ammonia-nitrogen of 98% and turbidity of 46%. Besides, the removal of PS has achieved 82% using this technique. It can be found that electrocoagulation can be a promising method for reducing the microplastic in the water environment, especially in the wastewater treatment plant.
Analysis of Algae and Bacteria Mixture in Removing Pollutants from Laundry Wastewater
Authors: Rodzi Nur Atikah Amirah Mat , Kasmuri Norhafezah , Zaini Nurfadhilah , Azri Noor Azreen Abu , Nayono Satoto Endar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Laundry detergents contain high nutrients, especially phosphate and nitrogen compounds. High concentrations of these nutrients can cause eutrophication to the water bodies and are toxic to aquatic organisms. Thus, this study aims to identify the characteristics of laundry wastewater and to enhance the treatment for the pollutants using algae and bacteria mixture. Moreover, the removal efficiency for this pollutant has been determined after the batch experiment. The characteristics of laundry wastewater were evaluated using in-situ and laboratory analysis. The in-situ testing included pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) parameters. Laboratory experiments consist of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen. The results were recorded for the parameters before and after treatment. It can be revealed that the concentration of 2 g of algae had recorded 61% COD removal. For the concentration of 0.5 g algae, the highest percentage of removal recorded was 79.2% for ammonia-nitrogen. For total suspended solids (TSS), a maximum of 79% has been removed for a 0.5 g algae mixture. An average of 90% removal has been detected for 2 g algae and 1 g algae concentrations, respectively. Therefore, these algae and bacteria mixtures can be considered green technology to biodegrade the pollutants and enhance the quality of the laundry wastewater.