bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behind the creative canvas: An innovative trauma‐informed art‐based educational approach using an immersive learning pedagogy
Authors: Milasan Lucian H. , Farr Andy , Turnbull Isabel , Scott‐Purdy Daniel 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTrauma has been increasingly considered in mental health policies and strategies worldwide. However, the implementation of such initiatives into practice remains inconsistent resulting in a fragmented approach to trauma‐informed care. One explanation for the current state of trauma services is the unpreparedness of mental health nurses in line with emerging traumagenic theoretical frameworks. We addressed this gap by implementing an innovative pedagogic project co‐produced with people with lived experience of trauma. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore mental health nursing students' perspective on the usefulness of an art‐based approach to learning about, and working with, trauma in a non‐interactive virtual reality (VR) environment. Ten mental health nursing students have been conveniently selected to take part in a focus group. The thematic analysis revealed authenticity, the power of arts, and underutilisation of arts in mental health nursing as key themes following students' reflections and critical discussions. Recommendations to enhance trauma‐informed nursing education and practice are made to support an approach that has the potential to instil positive changes in the way mental health nursing students perceive and work with trauma in their practice.
The morphology and physiology of bacteriophages as revealed by the electron microscope
Authors: BRADLEY D. E. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISThe electron microscope can reveal details of both the infective process and the morphology of bacteriophages. Various standard specimen‐preparation methods are available for these studies: negative staining is the most valuable method for morphological aspects and the sectioning of bacteria for studying intracellular multiplication. Phages fall into six distinct morphological groups. Detailed examination of these reveals a variety of forms showing variations within each group. All phages have one thing in common, the possession of symmetry; the heads have recognisable geometrical shapes and the tails, when present, possess morphological subunits usually clearly arranged in a regular fashion.Phage morphology is important not only as a fundamental characteristic, but also as a major criterion for taxonomic purposes. However, some phages, which are morphologically similar, can infect bacterial hosts in different genera or families so that additional criteria such as host range have to be used in considering a possible system for the classification of bacteriophages.The electron microscope is particularly suitable for providing information about the adsorption and intracellular multiplication stages of the infective process. Shadowing and negative staining show that tailed phages adsorb tail first, and that tail‐less ribonucleic acid phages attach to bacterial fimbriae in large numbers. Sections of infected bacteria reveal cytological changes within the cell during intracellular multiplication.In addition, the electron microscope can be used to investigate the natural habitats of phages. In one of these a particle with an unusual “life cycle” was found associated with the genus Bacillus. It normally exists in the prophage state in a lysogenic host. It is active on indicator strains, but only kills them and cannot multiply within them.These various aspects are reviewed in detail with particular reference to information provided by the electron microscope.
Principles and limitations of immunohistochemical methods
Authors: MAYERSBACH H. V. 
Published: November 2023

SYNOPSISImmunofluorescence is an ingenious method in histochemical research as it is possible to solve problems which are impossible to approach with other methods. Everyone using this method must be aware that immunohistochemistry is a field still developing and full of weeds and thorns. In particular, one must be aware that the method consumes a great amount of time when all the factors involved are taken into account. An uncritical use of this method will not only give wrong results but also bring it into discredit.
Etablissement des relations de dominance‐soumission chez les bovins domestiques III. Effet de l'expérience sociale
Authors: Bouissou Marie‐France , Lavenet Colette , Orgeur P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAn evaluation of social experience in the establishment of dominance‐submission relationships was attempted using 20 animals in various constellations of 4.The establishment of rank‐order in 5 groups of inexperienced heifers upon their first contact with strangers was compared with that in 20 groups consisting of the same animals in different arrangements upon their second to their fifth encounter with strangers.With experience, the various types of agonistic interactions were differently utilized, contact‐forming and fighting time were reduced, the social order was more rapidly and firmly established, and fighting often dispensed with.
A comparison of end‐of‐life care quality for Veterans receiving hospice in VA nursing homes and community nursing homes
Authors: Wachterman Melissa W. , Smith Dawn , Carpenter Joan G. , Griffin Hillary L. , Thorpe Joshua , Feder Shelli L. , Hoelter Jillian , Ersek Mary , Shreve Scott , Kutney‐Lee Ann 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile the Veterans Health Administration (VA) has long provided hospice care within VA community living centers (CLCs, i.e., VA nursing homes), an increasing number of Veterans are receiving hospice in VA‐contracted community nursing homes (CNHs). However, little data exist about the quality of end‐of‐life (EOL) care provided in CNHs. The aim of this study was to compare family ratings of the quality of EOL care provided to Veterans receiving hospice in VA CLCs and VA‐contracted CNHs.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of national data from VA's electronic medical record and Bereaved Family Survey (BFS) for Veterans who received hospice in VA CLCs or VA‐contracted CNHs between October 2021 and March 2022. The final sample included 1238 Veterans who died in either a CLC (n = 1012) or a CNH (n = 226) and whose next‐of‐kin completed the BFS. Our primary outcome was the BFS global rating of care received in the last 30 days of life. Secondary outcomes included BFS items related to symptom management, communication, emotional and spiritual support, and information about burial and survivor benefits. We compared unadjusted and adjusted proportions for all BFS outcomes between those who received hospice in CLCs and CNHs.ResultsThe adjusted proportion of family members who gave the best possible rating (a score of 9 or 10 out of a possible 10) for the overall care received near EOL was more than 13 percentage points higher for Veterans who received hospice in VA CLCs compared to VA‐contracted CNHs. Our findings also revealed quality gaps of even greater magnitude in specific EOL care‐focused domains.ConclusionsOur findings document inadequacies in the quality of multiple aspects of EOL care provided to Veterans in CNH‐based hospice and illuminate the urgent need for policy and practice interventions to improve this care.
Electric currents of 448 kHz upregulate anti‐senescence pathways in human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: Toledano‐Macías Elena , Martínez‐Pascual María Antonia , Hernández‐Bule María Luisa 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, finding new therapeutic strategies that reduce skin aging is a challenge for dermatologists and aesthetic doctors. In recent years, physical therapies have been included in the options for antiaging treatments; however, the biological bases of such treatments have scarcely been studied. One of these physical therapies is capacitive–resistive electric transfer (CRET) therapy. Previous studies have shown that subthermal treatment with CRET promotes the proliferation and migration of various cell types involved in skin regeneration, such as human ADSC (stem cells), fibroblasts, or keratinocytes.ObjectiveThis study investigates the effects of in vitro treatment with CRET‐Std (standard, non‐modulated signal) or CRET‐Mod (modulated signal) on cell proliferation and migration, markers of aging, and extracellular matrix production.MethodsThree types of human dermal fibroblasts were used: neonatal fibroblasts (HFn), replicative senescent fibroblasts (HFs), and adult fibroblasts (HFa). The effects of electric stimulation on cell proliferation and migration were studied through XTT and wound closure assays, respectively. The expression of the aging marker β‐galactosidase was assessed using a colorimetric assay, whereas immunoblot, immunofluorescence, and ELISAs were carried out to analyze the expression levels of migration, aging, and extracellular matrix proteins.ResultsThe treatment with CRET‐Std increased HFn and HFa proliferation, as well as migration in the three types of fibroblasts studied compared to those of the controls. Conversely, CRET‐Mod did not modify either of these two processes with respect to the controls. Additionally, CRET‐Std also reduced the cellular senescence markers β‐gal, vimentin, p53, and p21 in all three types of human skin fibroblasts. In addition, the application of CRET‐Std also induced fibronectin production in HFn and was able to stimulate ECM neocollagenesis.ConclusionCRET treatment improves a number of functions related to migration and proliferation, and it reduces age‐related cellular changes in human dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, the use of this CRET therapy to reduce the signs of dermal aging and to promote tissue regeneration could be of interest.
Progesterone after mifepristone: A pilot prospective single arm clinical trial for women who have changed their mind after commencing medical abortion
Authors: Turner Joseph V. , Garratt Deborah , McLindon Lucas A. , Barwick Anna , Spark M. Joy 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAimThis pilot study aimed to assess the utility of an oral progesterone treatment protocol for women who commenced medical abortion and then changed their mind and wished instead to maintain their pregnancy.MethodsThe Progesterone‐After‐Mifepristone—pilot for efficacy and reproducibility (PAMper) trial was designed as a prospective single‐arm pilot clinical trial, conducted via telehealth. Women aged 18 to 45 years in Australia who reported ingesting mifepristone within the last 72 h to initiate medical abortion and had not taken misoprostol were included. Initial contact was by a web‐based form. Following informed consent, participants were prescribed oral progesterone to be taken 400 mg twice per day for 3 days then 400 mg at night until completion of a 19 day course. Pregnancy viability was assessed by ultrasound scan after 14 days of progesterone treatment.ResultsBetween October 2020 and June 2021, nine women contacted the PAMper trial, of whom six enrolled and commenced progesterone treatment. These women reported ingesting mifepristone at 40–70 days of gestation, with progesterone being commenced within 5.7–72 h of mifepristone ingestion. Five participants had ongoing, live pregnancies at the primary endpoint (ultrasound at >2 weeks). One participant had a miscarriage after 9 days of progesterone treatment. There were no clinically significant adverse events.ConclusionThis small study demonstrated a clinically sound protocol for researching the use of progesterone‐after‐mifepristone for women in this circumstance. Results of this pilot study support the need for further larger scale trials in this field.
The eco‐evolutionary importance of reproductive system variation in the macroalgae: Freshwater reds as a case study
Authors: Krueger‐Hadfield Stacy A. , Shainker‐Connelly Sarah J. , Crowell Roseanna M. , Vis Morgan L. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe relative frequency of sexual versus asexual reproduction governs the distribution of genetic diversity within and among populations. Most studies on the consequences of reproductive variation focus on the mating system (i.e., selfing vs. outcrossing) of diploid‐dominant taxa (e.g., angiosperms), often ignoring asexual reproduction. Although reproductive systems are hypothesized to be correlated with life‐cycle types, variation in the relative rates of sexual and asexual reproduction remains poorly characterized across eukaryotes. This is particularly true among the three major lineages of macroalgae (green, brown, and red). The Rhodophyta are particularly interesting, as many taxa have complex haploid–diploid life cycles that influence genetic structure. Though most marine reds have separate sexes, we show that freshwater red macroalgae exhibit patterns of switching between monoicy and dioicy in sister taxa that rival those recently shown in brown macroalgae and in angiosperms. We advocate for the investigation of reproductive system evolution using freshwater reds, as this will expand the life‐cycle types for which these data exist, enabling comparative analyses broadly across eukaryotes. Unlike their marine cousins, species in the Batrachospermales have macroscopic gametophytes attached to filamentous, often microscopic sporophytes. While asexual reproduction through monospores may occur in all freshwater reds, the Compsopogonales are thought to be exclusively asexual. Understanding the evolutionary consequences of selfing and asexual reproduction will aid in our understanding of the evolutionary ecology of all algae and of eukaryotic evolution generally.
Vascular persistence following precision micropuncture
Authors: Horchler Summer N. , Hancock Patrick C. , Sun Mingjie , Liu Alexander T. , Massand Sameer , El‐Mallah Jessica C. , Goldenberg Dana , Waldron Olivia , Landmesser Mary E. , Agrawal Shailaja , Koduru Srinivas V. , Ravnic Dino J. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe success of engineered tissues continues to be limited by time to vascularization and perfusion. Recently, we described a simple microsurgical approach, termed micropuncture (MP), which could be used to rapidly vascularize an adjacently placed scaffold from the recipient macrovasculature. Here we studied the long‐term persistence of the MP‐induced microvasculature.MethodsSegmental 60 μm diameter MPs were created in the recipient rat femoral artery and vein followed by coverage with a simple Type 1 collagen scaffold. The recipient vasculature and scaffold were then wrapped en bloc with a silicone sheet to isolate intrinsic vascularization. Scaffolds were harvested at 28 days post‐implantation for detailed analysis, including using a novel artificial intelligence (AI) approach.ResultsMP scaffolds demonstrated a sustained increase of vascular density compared to internal non‐MP control scaffolds (p < 0.05) secondary to increases in both vessel diameters (p < 0.05) and branch counts (p < 0.05). MP scaffolds also demonstrated statistically significant increases in red blood cell (RBC) perfused lumens.ConclusionsThis study further highlights that the intrinsic MP‐induced vasculature continues to persist long‐term. Its combination of rapid and stable angiogenesis represents a novel surgical platform for engineered scaffold and graft perfusion.
Effect of chlorhexidine gel on the prevention of alveolar osteitis and post‐operative pain following transalveolar extraction of impacted mandibular third molars: A randomized study
Authors: Erinoso Olufemi , Ogunbayo Olakunle , Adesina Ayodele , James Olutayo , Ladeinde Akin , Ogunlewe Olugbemiga , Olaitan Ademola 
Published: November 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the efficacy of 0.2% chlorhexidine gel with warm saline mouth rinse (WSMR) in the prevention of alveolar osteitis (AO) following transalveolar impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) extraction after accounting for surgical operative confounding factors.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a parallel design randomized study. Participants were consenting adults randomly assigned to 0.9% WSMR and 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (administered twice daily post‐operatively) groups. All participants were followed up daily post‐operatively for one week. The primary outcome was an incidence of AO, assessed using Blum's criteria. Fischer's exact tests and regression models were used to investigate the effect of interventions on AO.ResultsOne hundred participants were enrolled in the study, with 50 participants in each group. A higher incidence of AO was observed in the WSMR group than the chlorhexidine group (16% vs. 2%, p = 0.01). However, after adjusting for duration of extraction (aOR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.71) and bone operating time (aOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.47), the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the study demonstrates that the application of the 0.2% chlorhexidine gel was not significantly more effective in preventing AO compared with the use of WSMR following transalveolar IMTM extraction after controlling for operative factors.
Decoding speech sounds from neurophysiological data: Practical considerations and theoretical implications
Authors: Sarrett McCall E. , Toscano Joseph C. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMachine learning techniques have proven to be a useful tool in cognitive neuroscience. However, their implementation in scalp‐recorded electroencephalography (EEG) is relatively limited. To address this, we present three analyses using data from a previous study that examined event‐related potential (ERP) responses to a wide range of naturally‐produced speech sounds. First, we explore which features of the EEG signal best maximize machine learning accuracy for a voicing distinction, using a support vector machine (SVM). We manipulate three dimensions of the EEG signal as input to the SVM: number of trials averaged, number of time points averaged, and polynomial fit. We discuss the trade‐offs in using different feature sets and offer some recommendations for researchers using machine learning. Next, we use SVMs to classify specific pairs of phonemes, finding that we can detect differences in the EEG signal that are not otherwise detectable using conventional ERP analyses. Finally, we characterize the timecourse of phonetic feature decoding across three phonological dimensions (voicing, manner of articulation, and place of articulation), and find that voicing and manner are decodable from neural activity, whereas place of articulation is not. This set of analyses addresses both practical considerations in the application of machine learning to EEG, particularly for speech studies, and also sheds light on current issues regarding the nature of perceptual representations of speech.
Hiding in plain sight: Phylogenomics reveals a new branch on the Noctuoidea tree of life
Authors: St Laurent Ryan A. , Goldstein Paul Z. , Miller Scott E. , Robbins Robert K. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe analyse anchored hybrid enrichment data from densely sampled tribes and subfamilies of Notodontidae (Prominent Moths). Notodontidae are monophyletic except for an assemblage of genera related to Thacona Walker (=Scrancia Holland), which had been recognized at either the tribal or subfamilial rank within Notodontidae. We elevate and re‐describe Scranciidae stat. nov. as a family distinct from the six currently recognized noctuoid families (Noctuidae, Erebidae, Euteliidae, Nolidae, Notodontidae and Oenosandridae). Scranciidae include 22 genera comprising approximately 100 species—distributed in Africa, Asia and Australia. We re‐interpret morphological synapomorphies previously proposed for Notodontidae (including Scranciidae) and for the trifid Noctuoidea more broadly. Deep‐level relationships within Noctuoidea are not well resolved outside the clade comprising the four quadrifid families (Noctuidae, Erebidae, Euteliidae and Nolidae). The phylogenetic position of Scranciidae relative to Notodontidae, Oenosandridae and the quadrifids varied markedly depending on data type (amino acid vs. nucleotide) and analytical framework (maximum likelihood, multi‐species coalescent and parsimony). We discuss the possible roles of missing data and short branch lengths in resolving the placement of Scranciidae. In the topology best supported by the most available data, Scranciidae are sister to the remaining Noctuoidea, highlighting their phylogenetic significance. We provide a provisional list of the genera included in Scranciidae.
Whole‐genome resequencing facilitates the development of a 50K single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and its transferability to other pine species
Authors: Estravis Barcala Maximiliano , van der Valk Tom , Chen Zhiqiang , Funda Tomas , Chaudhary Rajiv , Klingberg Adam , Fundova Irena , Suontama Mari , Hallingbäck Henrik , Bernhardsson Carolina , Nystedt Björn , Ingvarsson Pär K. , Sherwood Ellen , Street Nathaniel , Gyllensten Ulf , Nilsson Ove , Wu Harry X. 
Published: November 2023

SUMMARYScots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most widespread and economically important conifer species in the world. Applications like genomic selection and association studies, which could help accelerate breeding cycles, are challenging in Scots pine because of its large and repetitive genome. For this reason, genotyping tools for conifer species, and in particular for Scots pine, are commonly based on transcribed regions of the genome. In this article, we present the Axiom Psyl50K array, the first single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array for Scots pine based on whole‐genome resequencing, that represents both genic and intergenic regions. This array was designed following a two‐step procedure: first, 192 trees were sequenced, and a 430K SNP screening array was constructed. Then, 480 samples, including haploid megagametophytes, full‐sib family trios, breeding population, and range‐wide individuals from across Eurasia were genotyped with the screening array. The best 50K SNPs were selected based on quality, replicability, distribution across the draft genome assembly, balance between genic and intergenic regions, and genotype–environment and genotype–phenotype associations. Of the final 49 877 probes tiled in the array, 20 372 (40.84%) occur inside gene models, while the rest lie in intergenic regions. We also show that the Psyl50K array can yield enough high‐confidence SNPs for genetic studies in pine species from North America and Eurasia. This new genotyping tool will be a valuable resource for high‐throughput fundamental and applied research of Scots pine and other pine species.
Fiscal and current account imbalances: The cases of Germany and Portugal
Authors: Afonso António , Coelho José Carlos 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe investigate the bilateral relationship between government budget balances and current account balances for Germany and Portugal. We find that the response of the current account balance to the budget balance is greater in Portugal than in Germany. On the other hand, the response of the budget balance to the current balance is higher in Germany than in Portugal. In Germany and Portugal, a fiscal rules index has a negative impact on the current account balance and the government effectiveness index has a positive impact on the government balance. The public debt‐to‐GDP ratio positively affects the current account balance in Portugal while the output gap has a negative influence, and that is not the case in Germany. During the period of implementation of the external assistance programme in Portugal, the current account balance improved, while the government balance did not. Finally, Germany's output gap positively influences Portugal's fiscal position.