bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Critical Thinking: A Comparison of Three Disciplinary Approaches
Authors: Солодихина Мария , Солодихина Анна 
Published: December 2023

Critical thinking is considered one of the most important results of university education. However, approaches to its development are controversial: there is very conflicting empirical data on the effectiveness of different approaches to the development of critical thinking.
Comparing approaches is difficult because different studies differ in the sets of critical thinking skills diagnosed, the learning conditions and the disciplines in which these approaches are implemented. Therefore, to carry out a comparative study of the effectiveness of infusion, immersion and mixed approaches to the development of critical thinking, a single discipline was chosen - “Concepts of modern natural science”, the differences between the approaches were formulated, which determined the general and different conditions for their implementation, a local definition of critical thinking for natural science was created, based on which identified a single set of diagnosable skills and developed a tool for their assessment. The study, covering 2019-2022, involved 619 students of the Faculty of Philology of RUDN University.
The mixed approach turned out to be optimal; it statistically significantly improved all groups of critical thinking skills. The infusion approach is less effective in developing decision-making skills and formulating inferences, but in other respects is not inferior to the mixed approach. The immersion approach is the least effective and primarily affects the group of information comprehension skills. The duration of the formation of critical thinking skills has a significant impact on the results: an impact spread over two semesters is more effective than one compressed into one semester. The difference in results between first and second year students may be explained by the cumulative nature of cognitive growth: learning has a delayed effect and there are epistemological crises in the perception of knowledge.
Улучшение навигации автономных мобильных роботов посредством постоянного федеративного обучения
Authors: Abdalamir A.I.M. , Alisawi W.Ch. , Ibraheem I.M.K. , Djuraev H.A. , Panov A.V. 
Published: December 2023

Deep learning is crucial for advancing artificial intelligence in robotics. Deep learning enables autonomous robots to perceive and control their environment. Federated learning allows distributed robots to train models while maintaining privacy. This paper focuses on using FL to overcome vision-based obstacles in mobile robotic navigation. We evaluate FL’s performance in both simulated and real-world environments. Our research compares FL’s multiple image classifiers to cloud-based central learning using existing data. We also implement a continuous learning system on mobile bots with autonomous data generation. Training models in simulation and reality improves accuracy and enables continuous model updates.
Глубокое обучение имеет решающее значение для развития искусственного интеллекта в робототехнике. Оно позволяет автономным роботам воспринимать окружающую среду и управлять ею. Федеративное обучение позволяет распределенным роботам обучать модели, сохраняя конфиденциальность. В этой статье основное внимание уделяется использованию федеративного обучения для преодоления препятствий, основанных на зрении, в мобильной роботизированной навигации. Производительность такого обучения оценивается как в смоделированных, так и в реальных условиях. Настоящее исследование сравнивает несколько классификаторов изображений с облачным централизованным обучением с использованием существующих данных. Также система непрерывного обучения внедряется на мобильных ботах с автономным формированием данных. Обучение моделей в симуляции и реальности повышает точность и обеспечивает непрерывное обновление модели.
Method of comparative assessment of characteristics performance of modern supercomputers
Authors: Брякалов Г.А. , Захаров А.И. , Неретина К.А. , Швец Т.С. 
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена вопросам анализа причин опережающего роста производительности вычислительных средств мирового уровня по сравнению с отечественными, а также оценке факторов, параметров и элементной базы, оказывающих непосредственное влияние на повышение производительности лучших суперкомпьютеров мира. Статья предназначена для инженерно-технических работников, разрабатывающих и эксплуатирующих вычислительную технику.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the reasons for the advanced growth in the performance of world-class computing tools compared to domestic ones, as well as the assessment of those factors, parameters and element base that have a direct impact on improving the performance of the best supercomputers in the world. The article is intended for engineering and technical workers who develop and operate computing equipment.
Comparison of transaction processing speed in distributed ledger and directed acyclic graph
Authors: Котилевец И.Д. , Миноцкий Я.А. 
Published: December 2023

Приводится сравнительный анализ скорости обработки транзакций в технологиях распределенного реестра и направленного ациклического графа. В расчетах величины среднего времени обработки транзакций применяется теория массового обслуживания.
This paper provides a comparative analysis of the transaction processing speed in distributed registry technologies and directed acyclic graph. The queuing theory is used to calculate the value of the average transaction processing time.
Correlation of dental arch width and alveolar arch width with facial divergence
Authors: Goyal Bharti , Munjal Sudhir , Sikri Ankit , Sharma Abhishek , Ryait Jasmeet , Gautam Rishu 
Published: December 2023

Dentofacial skeletal anomalies occur as a result of a differential growth of the lower facial skeleton to upper facial skeleton resulting in malocclusion in transverse, vertical and sagittal plane. To correlate different Vertical facial types with Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width for the patients in North Indian sub population. Lateral cephalograms and study models of 150 untreated adults were selected and divided into 3 groups: Group I (Normodivergent), Group II (Hypodivergent) and Group III (Hyperdivergent) on the basis of (SN-MP angle, FMA, Gonial angle & Jarabak’s ratio). Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width were measured on maxillary and mandibular casts by using digital caliper. All the 3 groups were compared by using ANOVA followed by Post Hoc Turkey HSD test. Significant (p&#60;0.05) correlation was seen for parameters of Dental arch width and Alveolar arch width in both maxillary and mandibular arches with Facial divergence. Dental and Alveolar arch width were maximum in hypodivergents followed by normodivergents and minimum in hyperdivergents in both maxillary and mandibular arches. Therefore, during orthodontic treatment it is suggested to use individualized arch wires according to each patients pretreatment arch form and widths.
Assessment of anterior malar projections using cephalometric and clinical photographs in Gujarati population
Authors: Doshi Aashka Devangbhai , Soni Keyur , Solanki Avni , Mahadevia Sonali , Shah Priyanka 
Published: December 2023

Midface plays a vital role in contributing to facial aesthetics; despite this, there prevails a need for orthodontic literature to provide specific diagnostic criteria. We are blessed with ample literature to evaluate such, but due to some shortcomings, we lack to decide exact treatment plan. To clarify such limitations of various midface analysis, there is a need to consider the projections of the malar prominence in individuals with different skeletal mal-relationships. 40 subjects between the ages of 10 and 12 years, were equally divided into groups based on visual assessment of negative and positive vector relationships. Groups A and B comprised 20 subjects (10 male, 10 female) displaying a positive and negative vector relationship respectively. For both groups, Sella-nasion-Orbitale angulations were measured to evaluate the subjects’ anteroposterior position of the malar eminence relative to the cranial base. The angulation measurements obtained for SNO were smaller in the negative vector than the positive on an average of 5.9°, P &#60; 0.05. No significant difference in values between males and females was observed. Visual assessment of vector relationships can effectively classify anterior malar projection which can be utilized to decide different orthodontic treatment modalities.
Jacka Wojtysiaka krytyka probabilistycznego argumentu ze zła za nieistnieniem Boga
Authors: Łukasiewicz Dariusz 
Published: December 2023

W artykule rozważam sformułowaną przez Jacka Wojtysiaka krytykę probabilistycznego argumentu z istnienia wielkiego faktu zła za nieistnieniem Boga. Sugeruję, że proponowana przez J. Wojtysiaka krytyka tego argumentu powinna zostać zmodyfikowana w taki sposób, aby nie prowadziła ona do wniosku, że Bóg jest przyczyną zła. Proponuję korektę dotycząca koncepcji Bożej przyczynowości. Wskazuję również na inny sposób osłabienia argumentu probabilistycznego ze zła niż ten wybrany przez J. Wojtysiaka. Proponuję podważyć przesłankę głoszącą, że zło istnieje, przy założeniu naturalizmu. Sygnalizuję krótko trudności naturalistycznego realizmu moralnego i wskazuję na ewolucyjne argumenty podważające moralny realizm. W kontekście tych trudności rozważam stanowisko Paula Drapera, pioniera probabilistycznego (Baysowskiego) argumentu ze zła za ateizmem, i staram się pokazać niektóre słabości jego poglądów. Następnie formułuję teistyczny argument dedukcyjny z istnienia zła i sugeruję, że ze względu na prostotę należy preferować argumentację dedukcyjną, a nie probabilistyczną na rzecz teizmu.
(Nie)równy pojedynek na argumenty
Authors: Lipski Piotr 
Published: December 2023

W swojej książce Między ukryciem a jawnością. Esej z filozofii religii i teologii filozoficznej Jacek Wojtysiak podejmuje temat Bożego ukrycia. W początkowych rozdziałach wchodzi w polemikę z argumentem J.L. Schellenberga, który z istnienia rzetelnej niewiary wyciąga wniosek o nieistnieniu Boga. W celu zneutralizowania tego argumentu Wojtysiak odwraca go, konstruując argument na rzecz istnienia Boga z faktu istnienia rzetelnych wierzących, a następnie wzmacnia go do argumentu z wielkiego faktu wiary (i jego kolejnych wersji). Argumentuję, że odwrócone argumenty Wojtysiaka (z rzetelnych wierzących i z wielkiego faktu wiary) nie są symetrycznym odbiciem wyjściowego argumentu z rzetelnych niewierzących, gdyż są od niego słabsze. Wskazuję, że niektóre argumenty Wojtysiaka mogą być odwrócone przez ateistę. Podnoszę też kwestię, że wniosek końcowych argumentów Wojtysiaka nie jest satysfakcjonujący dla teisty.
Nic nadzwyczajnego. Wielki fakt wiary i jego naturalistyczne wyjaśnienie
Authors: Ruczaj Stanisław 
Published: December 2023

W swojej książce Między ukryciem a jawnością (2023) profesor Jacek Wojtysiak utrzymuje, że przy założeniu ateistycznego naturalizmu nie da się przekonująco wyjaśnić „wielkiego faktu wiary”, to jest zjawiska historycznej trwałości i powszechności przekonania o istnieniu Boga. W tym artykule polemizuję z tą tezą. Odwołując się do wybranych koncepcji z zakresu religioznawstwa kognitywnego, naszkicowuję naturalistyczne wyjaśnienie powstawania wierzeń religijnych.
Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary a bernardyńska misja sui iuris na Sachalinie
Authors: Sitnik Aleksander Krzysztof 
Published: December 2023

Artykuł prezentuje pracę misyjną polskich bernardynów, którą podjęli na Sachalinie japońskim na początku XX w. W 1932 r. Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary utworzyła samodzielną placówkę misyjną sui iuris i oddała ją pod opiekę Zakonowi Braci Mniejszych, prowincji bernardyńskiej w Polsce. Misyjną działalność bernardynów na Sachalinie wspierała nie tylko Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary, ale także Kuria Generalna Zakonu Braci Mniejszych w Rzymie i Kuria Prowincjalna Prowincji Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP w Polsce. Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary, aby jeszcze bardziej spotęgować działania misjonarzy, w 1938 r. utworzyła prefekturę apostolską w Karafuto. Pomimo tak wielu wysiłków instytucji kościelnych na skutek niesprzyjających warunków politycznych bernardyńska misja na Sachalinie musiała zostać zamknięta już w 1948 r.
Formalization of the non-linear programming for the configuration of the heat exchange system in column apparatuses of the petrochemical industry with minimum costs
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Malikov Rauf Kh. , Abbasov Natig M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Rahimova Mahluga S. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Ahmadov Alihikmat A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: December 2023

For increasing the efficiency of heat transfer processes, the layer-by-layer concept of arrangement of various types of packings in column apparatuses is considered. The results of hydraulic tests of a dry and irrigated cell packing, as well as individual hydraulic tests of a mesh packing, are presented. Methods and algorithms for solving linear programming problems under “uncertainty” conditions were considered. However, in some areas of science it is often difficult or impossible to formalize the problem in an appropriate way and reduce it to a linear programming problem. In this paper, methods for solving non-linear programming problems with a vector objective function are considered. At present, the use of non-linear programming in the vast majority of real situations is reduced to linear approximation models. Along with this, at a significant non-linearity, due to its specificity or influence on the nature of the model, it is necessary to apply optimization methods that are much more complex than, for example, the simplex method. However, the importance of non-linear programming is constantly increasing. This is due to the rapidly growing knowledge of managers and specialists in the use of mathematical models designed to prepare solutions, as well as the increasing availability of computer programs for solving large-scale nonlinear problems. The analysis and studies of the hydrodynamics of a number of regular packings have shown that cell and mesh packings are promising for the implementation of the phase inversion mode. The proposed concept of intensifying heat transfer processes in column apparatuses is based on the use of layers of various packings arranged in the following order in the apparatus, type 1 – cell, type 2 – mesh. At the same time, their main geometric characteristics differ significantly from each other. However, the structure of the bulk packing is inhomogeneous, which makes it difficult to implement a stable mode of local phase inversion under these conditions. This is due to the structure of column apparatuses with bulk packing, in which there is an increased proportion of pores (porosity) near the walls of the apparatus. Porosity is very significant; it can reach up to 40%, and as a result, the local velocity near the walls exceeds the velocity in the centre of the apparatus by up to 70%. By contrast, the use of regular packing structures makes this potentially highly efficient mode technically possible.
MUDANÇA E ADAPTAÇÃO ESTRATÉGICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA EMPRESA DO RAMO IMOBILIÁRIO
Authors: Schneider Gisele Mariano , Cappellari Gabriela , Schmitz Graziela , Lopes da Silva Mygre , Vanderlei Cassanego Junior Paulo 
Published: December 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o processo de adaptação estratégica ocorrido em uma empresa do ramo imobiliário, entre os anos de 2012 a 2022. O determinismo argumenta que o ambiente externo desempenha um papel crucial ao influenciar a definição das estratégias organizacionais, enquanto o voluntarismo destaca a capacidade das organizações de influenciar o ambiente. Por meio do modelo de tipologia de adaptação estratégica de Hrebiniak e Joyce (1985), a pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, mediante um estudo de caso. A partir da análise longitudinal foram identificados três períodos estratégicos e seus respectivos eventos críticos. No período de 2012 a 2013 tem-se a concepção do negócio. No período de 2014 a 2018, aperfeiçoamento pessoal e crescimento do negócio. Já no período de 2019 a 2022, alterações no plano de marketing em meio a uma crise pandêmica. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem que a escolha estratégica foi um fator predominante na empresa objeto de estudo. A empresa demonstra capacidade de transformação dos fatores externos em oportunidades, atuando de forma diferenciada no mercado. Entende-se, neste sentido, que a sua longevidade se relaciona com sua a capacidade de adaptação.
MULHERES EGRESSAS DO SISTEMA PRISIONAL E O MERCADO DE TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS PILARES FUNDAMENTAIS DOS PROJETOS
Authors: Oliveira do Amaral Vera Lucia , Michalski Maria Rita Taques , Nascimento Daniel Teotonio do 
Published: December 2023

Nos últimos anos nota-se um significativo aumento na população carcerária feminina. No último levantamento realizado em 2019 os números encontrados são alarmantes, com crescimento de seis vezes comparado ao ano de 2000. Nos dias atuais, a execução da pena não tem apenas o objetivo do encarceramento, mas também de reintegração à sociedade. Conforme a Lei de Execução Penal é dever do Estado prevenir o crime e orientar o retorno à convivência em sociedade, sendo essa assistência estendida também ao egresso. Este estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre os pilares de ressocialização que auxiliam as mulheres egressas do sistema penitenciário retornar ou entrar ao mercado de trabalho. Como procedimento metodológico foi utilizada pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho exploratória e qualitativa. A análise foi fundamentada em artigos coletados no site de periódicos da CAPES, além de dados do Departamento Penitenciário (DEPEN); e Projetos o Projeto Regresso, Projeto Alvorada, Instituto Responsa, Programa Começar de Novo e o Gerando Falcoes. Os resultados demonstraram que a ausência de políticas públicas, o despreparo profissional e o preconceito são as maiores barreiras da ressocialização de egressas. Assim é de extrema importância a criação e gestão de mecanismos para gerar oportunidade, pois o trabalho é condição importante para que elas possam sustentar a si e sua família, diminuindo a reincidência criminal e possibilitando cidadania de fato.
Palavras-chave: Sistema Prisional. Mulheres. Mercado de Trabalho. Políticas Públicas.
Effectiveness of online wheelchair mobility and transfer training on the occupational performance in people with spinal cord injuries
Authors: Parvaneh Shahriar , Motaharinezhad Fatemeh , Mohajer Mona , Hoseinpoor Fatemeh , Salimi Yahya 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Online training for the rehabilitation of People with Spinal Cord injuries (PwSCI) is necessary. Various environmental barriers create challenges in transferring and transporting these individuals out of the home to participate in face-to-face interventions. Furthermore, these challenges were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic in the past.Study Design: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.Objectives This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of online wheelchair mobility and transfer training, on the level of performance and satisfaction in PwSCI.Setting: SCI associations and hospitals and clinical centers.Methods The PwSCI were randomly divided into an online training group (OTG) and a control group (CG). The OTG received online training during 5 group sessions for five weeks. The results were analyzed to compare changes in occupational performance level and satisfaction after the intervention, and one month later.Results 37 (CG = 18 and OTG = 19) out of 49 participants completed the 5-week intervention and follow-up assessments. The average age of participants in the CG was 35.0 years, and the OTG was 33.7 years. We found a significant increase in performance (p < 0.001) and satisfaction (p < 0.001) within the OTG during the pre-post assessment. There were also significant differences in performance (p < 0.026) and satisfaction (p < 0.015) between groups.Conclusion The results showed that online wheelchair mobility and transfer training can be a suitable method for telerehabilitation and training PwSCI.
Life cycle impact of concrete masonry blocks incorporating demolition waste
Authors: Gillani Syed Tafheem Abbas , Hu Kui , Chen Yujing , Zhang Taoli , Hu Ruixin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Building demolition waste has a significant Environmental impact (EI) including waste generation, CO₂ emissions and land use alteration. Recycling and reutilizing these materials possess the potential to alleviate the strain on landfills and diminish the dependence on natural resources. Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) from demolished structures were used in producing concrete masonry blocks (CMBs). The mechanical characteristics of the CMB were evaluated and life cycle assessment (LCA) calculations were conducted to assess the environmental implications of the materials employed in the manufacturing process of CMB. Incorporating 25% RCA into CMB resulted in a 1.8% decrease in compressive strength (CS). Subsequently, as the RCA content increased to 50%, 75%, and 100%, CS exhibited a consistent decreasing pattern, with reductions of 2.9%, 10.9%, and 16.4%, respectively. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results showed a replicating trend in the CS. Substituting RCA with natural aggregates reduced carbon emissions by 10% but high volumes of RCA were ineffective in reducing emissions due to their adverse impact on CS. When comparing the EI of coarse aggregates only, RCA shows 84% less impact than natural coarse aggregates.
Efficacy of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in Heart Failure Patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control clinical trial
Authors: Meng Xuyang , Li Yi , Weng Sixian , Guo Ying , Pei Zuowei , Dong Ming , Wang Xiang , Xia Chenxi , Wang Fang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for most redox reactions in metabolic processes. Heart failure occurs in the end stage of various cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a deficit in NAD+. The improvement of cardiac bioenergetics and cardiac function by supplementation of NAD+ has attracted broad intensive attention. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of NAD+ in the treatment of heart failure.
Methods: Sixty eligible participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to NAD+ group or placebo group and administrated with Coenzyme Ⅰ for injection (Powder for Injection, 50mg/day) or same volume of normal saline for 7-10 days. All subjects were followed up for 3 months. Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography should be examined at the time of enrollment and 3 months follow-up. Myocardial work is derived from the strain-pressure relation, integrating in its calculation the noninvasive arterial pressure.
Results: In all the 55 participants who completed the study, after treatment for heart failure, LVEF improved significantly in both NAD+ and placebo groups (both P＜0.0001). In per-protocol analysis, LVEF, GWI and GWE of NAD+ group were extremely increased after 3 months of follow-up compared with baseline (all P＜0.05). Furthermore, only in participants with LVEF＞40%, GWI, GWW and GWE provided significant differences between baseline and 3 months follow-up in NAD+ group (all P＜0.05).
Conclusion: This study evaluated the efficacy of NAD+ in the treatment of HF by echocardiography, and confirmed that supplementation of NAD+ was beneficial to the improvement of cardiac function in HF patients, especially in patients with LVEF＞40%.