bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep hybrid modeling of a HEK293 process: Combining long short‐term memory networks with first principles equations
Authors: Ramos João R. C. , Pinto José , Poiares‐Oliveira Gil , Peeters Ludovic , Dumas Patrick , Oliveira Rui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe combination of physical equations with deep learning is becoming a promising methodology for bioprocess digitalization. In this paper, we investigate for the first time the combination of long short‐term memory (LSTM) networks with first principles equations in a hybrid workflow to describe human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) culture dynamics. Experimental data of 27 extracellular state variables in 20 fed‐batch HEK293 cultures were collected in a parallel high throughput 250 mL cultivation system in an industrial process development setting. The adaptive moment estimation method with stochastic regularization and cross‐validation were employed for deep learning. A total of 784 hybrid models with varying deep neural network architectures, depths, layers sizes and node activation functions were compared. In most scenarios, hybrid LSTM models outperformed classical hybrid Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) models in terms of training and testing error. Hybrid LSTM models revealed to be less sensitive to data resampling than FFNN hybrid models. As disadvantages, Hybrid LSTM models are in general more complex (higher number of parameters) and have a higher computation cost than FFNN hybrid models. The hybrid model with the highest prediction accuracy consisted in a LSTM network with seven internal states connected in series with dynamic material balance equations. This hybrid model correctly predicted the dynamics of the 27 state variables (R2 = 0.93 in the test data set), including biomass, key substrates, amino acids and metabolic by‐products for around 10 cultivation days.
Characteristics and Influence Factors of Pb(II) Adsorption by Graphene Oxide‐Montmorillonite Composite
Authors: Zhifang Zhou , Xiaotian Xu , Dongxia Luo , Qian Peng , Jiali Song , Tianfeng Wang , Jinlin Chen , Jiyi Zhang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study presents the fabrication of a novel porous composite of graphene oxide‐montmorillonite (GO‐MMT) through the modification of montmorillonite using the freeze‐drying method for the purpose of Pb removal. The characterization of the GO‐MMT composite was conducted using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and X‐ray diffraction. The results from batch adsorption experiments revealed that the GO‐MMT composite exhibited a superior capacity for Pb removal compared to MMT. Furthermore, a single factor experiment confirmed that the dosage of the GO‐MMT composite or GO, pH, temperature, and reaction time all significantly influenced the adsorption of Pb by the GO‐MMT composite, MMT, or GO. This superiority can be attributed to the presence of oxygen‐containing functional groups, the site‐blocking effect, and the ion exchange mechanism exhibited by the GO‐MMT composite.
Strategies for the Construction of Benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octane in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Liu Jia‐Xuan , Li Hui , Zhang Shi‐Peng , Lu Shi‐Chao , Gong Ya‐Ling , Xu Shu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBenzobicyclo[3.2.1]octane is a cage‐like unique motif containing a bicyclo[3.2.1]octane structure fused with at least one benzene ring. It is found in various natural products that exhibit structural complexities and important biological activities. The total synthesis of natural products possessing this challenging structure has received considerable attention, and great advances have been made in this field during the past 15 years. This review summarizes thus far achieved chemical syntheses and synthetic studies of natural compounds featuring the benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octane core. It focuses on strategic approaches constructing the bridged structure, aiming to provide a useful reference for inspiring further advancements in strategies and total syntheses of natural products with such a framework.
A cross talk between microbial metabolites and host immunity: Its relevance for allergic diseases
Authors: Losol Purevsuren , Wolska Magdalena , Wypych Tomasz P. , Yao Lu , O'Mahony Liam , Sokolowska Milena 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic diseases, including respiratory and food allergies, as well as allergic skin conditions have surged in prevalence in recent decades. In allergic diseases, the gut microbiome is dysbiotic, with reduced diversity of beneficial bacteria and increased abundance of potential pathogens. Research findings suggest that the microbiome, which is highly influenced by environmental and dietary factors, plays a central role in the development, progression, and severity of allergic diseases. The microbiome generates metabolites, which can regulate many of the host’s cellular metabolic processes and host immune responses.Aims and MethodsOur goal is to provide a narrative and comprehensive literature review of the mechanisms through which microbial metabolites regulate host immune function and immune metabolism both in homeostasis and in the context of allergic diseases.Results and DiscussionWe describe key microbial metabolites such as short‐chain fatty acids, amino acids, bile acids and polyamines, elucidating their mechanisms of action, cellular targets and their roles in regulating metabolism within innate and adaptive immune cells. Furthermore, we characterize the role of bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases including allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy.ConclusionFuture research efforts should focus on investigating the physiological functions of microbiota‐derived metabolites to help develop new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for allergic diseases.
The long‐term efficacy of intra‐cervical lymphatic immunotherapy on adults with allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Qin Yang , Huang Weijun , Zheng Rui , Wang Qixing , Yu Qingqing , Li Yin , Wang Kai , Tang Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy and safety of the novel immunotherapy method, intra‐cervical lymphatic immunotherapy (ICLIT), need to be investigated. Comparing it with subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), we clarified the long‐term efficacy and safety of intra‐cervical lymphatic immunotherapy on allergic rhinitis (AR), and investigated the improvement of clinical efficacy of the booster injection at 1 year after ICLIT treatment.MethodsNinety adult patients with dust mite allergy were randomly divided into 3 groups: 30 in the SCIT group, 30 in the ILCLIT group, and 30 in ICLIT booster group. Changes in total symptom score (TSS), nasal symptom score (TNSS), ocular symptom score (TOSS) and total medication score (TMS) were evaluated in the three groups. Adverse reactions were recorded, and serum dust mite specific IgE (sIgE) and specific IgG4 were assessed in the ICLIT group and ICLIT booster group.ResultsTSS, TNSS, TOSS, and TMS scores were significantly lower in the three groups at 36 months after treatment (p < 0. 05). And at 36 months the ICLIT‐booster group showed results similar to SCIT and superior to ICLIT (p < 0. 05). Serum specific IgE decreased in all three groups at 12 and 36 months after treatment, p < 0.01. The ICLIT group and the ICLIT booster group showed a significant increase in sIgG4, p < 0.01. None of the patients in the three groups had any serious systemic adverse effects during the 3‐year follow‐up.ConclusionThe ICLIT treatment is effective and safe on AR. One booster injection of allergens at 1 year can greatly improve its long‐term efficacy.Trial RegistryClinical trial registration number: ChiCTR1800017130.
Microstructure‐based nuclear lamina constitutive model
Authors: Mostafazadeh Nima , Peng Zhangli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe nuclear lamina is widely recognized as the most crucial component in providing mechanical stability to the nucleus. However, it is still a significant challenge to model the mechanics of this multilayered protein network. We developed a constitutive model of the nuclear lamina network based on its microstructure, which accounts for the deformation phases at the dimer level, as well as the orientational arrangement and density of lamin filaments. Instead of relying on homology modeling in the previous studies, we conducted molecular simulations to predict the force‐extension response of a highly accurate lamin dimer structure obtained through X‐ray diffraction crystallography experimentation. Furthermore, we devised a semiflexible worm‐like chain extension‐force model of lamin dimer as a substitute, incorporating phases of initial stretching, uncoiling of the dimer coiled‐coil, and transition of secondary structures. Subsequently, we developed a 2D network continuum model for the nuclear lamina by using our extension‐force lamin dimer model and derived stress resultants. By comparing with experimentally measured lamina modulus, we found that the lamina network has sharp initial strain‐hardening behavior. This also enabled us to carry out finite element simulations of the entire nucleus with an accurate microstructure‐based nuclear lamina model. Finally, we conducted simulations of transendothelial transmigration of a nucleus and investigated the impact of varying network density and uncoiling constants on the critical force required for successful transmigration. The model allows us to incorporate the microstructure characteristics of the nuclear lamina into the nucleus model, thereby gaining insights into how laminopathies and mutations affect nuclear mechanics.
Quantitative and qualitative 3D analysis of mandibular lingual concavities: Implications for dental implant planning in the posterior mandible
Authors: Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen , Alghauli Mohammed Ahmed , Aboalrejal Afaf , Mulla Abduljabbar K. , Almohammadi Anwar A. , Aljayyar Abdullah W. , Alharbi Shahad O. , Almuzaini Esam S. , Alsaeedi Ahmed K. , Arabi Lina F. , Alhajj Mohammed Nasser , Halboub Esam 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to investigate the type of ridge (degree of angulation of the lingual concavity) and the buccolingual dimensions in the area of the first and second molars in both genders of different ages and how this will affect implant placement in the posterior mandible.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective cross‐sectional study comprised cone beam computed tomography images of 150 dental patients (75 males and 71 aged ≥30). The following were measured/reported: type (morphology) of the ridge (convex [C], parallel [P], or undercut [U]), buccolingual width at the base and the crest of the ridge, and ridge height. The concavity angle, depth, and length of the U‐shaped ridge were measured too.ResultsThe prevalence of type U ridge ranged from 32.7% in the first molar region to 62.7% in the second molar region. Almost all measurements and ridge type distributions were comparable amongst the age groups (p > .05). Very few significant differences were found when comparing #36 versus #37 and #46 versus #47 teeth, with no differences in the distribution of the ridge types (p > .05). Quite the inverse, all measurements were statistically different when comparing #36 versus #37 and #46 versus #47 teeth, and type U ridge was more frequent in second molar compared to the first molar regions, respectively (p < .05). Many measurements were statistically higher in females; the inverse was true for a few measurements (p < .05). Type U ridge in #36 and #37 was found more frequently among males (p < .001). In contrast, the ridge types in #37 and #47 were not statistically different gender‐wise.ConclusionsThe U type of ridge was more prevalent in the investigated population, encountered more frequently in the second molars generally and in the first molars of males than females. Most posterior mandibular measurements are similar age‐ and side‐wise but seem different gender‐ and tooth‐wise.
ESG disclosure in G7 countries: Do board cultural diversity and structure policy matter?
Authors: Aliani Khaoula , Hamza Fadhila , Alessa Noha , Borgi Hela , Albitar Khaldoon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of board cultural diversity (BCDIV) and board structure policy (BSP) on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure. The sample of this study includes 2988 companies from G7 countries during the 2015–2022 period. Our empirical results reveal that boards with heterogeneous cultural directors and the existence of BSP improve overall ESG scores. Further analysis shows that BSP is a crucial determinant of the governance dimension, one of the pillars of ESG disclosures, whereas BCDIV affects the social dimension more. The findings of this paper offer policy insights, highlighting the importance of BCDIV and BSP for better ESG disclosure. Policymakers should therefore establish regulations that encourage BCDIV and BSP and promote ESG disclosure. Corporate governance reforms that aim to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of boards are critical in order for companies to attain both financial and sustainable development.
Employees' engagement, family ownership, or gender diversity? Searching for determinants of SMEs' green behaviors in CEE countries
Authors: Kotkova Striteska Michaela , Myslivcova Katerina , Prokop Viktor , Zapletalova Lucie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResults of this study go against previous expectations regarding the positive effects of boards' and owners' gender diversity and family ownership on SMEs' green behaviors, expressed by the implementation of proactive environmental strategies (PES) and energy consumption monitoring (ECM). We show that such generally accepted and recommended concepts may not always work, specifically within Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. Based on the foundations of stakeholder theory, we surprisingly reject hypotheses expecting positive effects of boards' gender diversity on SMEs' green behaviors. Compared to the research to date, we newly examine the effect of the frequency of manager–employee meetings on SMEs' green behaviors. We show that SMEs' implementation of PES and ECM requires a different frequency of employee engagements. In addition, we confirm that the presence of environmental managers is fruitful for the implementation of PES in family firms. We also reveal that family firms' ECM is significantly triggered by energy taxes, but also by the owners' gender diversity. By linking the managerial perspective including employees' engagement and PES with the technical discipline of ECM, this study provides several theoretical and practical implications.
The use of corporate social responsibility in response to product‐harm crisis: How do stock market reactions matter?
Authors: Ouyang Zhe , Wang Xiaojiao , Liu Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe initial stock market reaction to a product‐harm crisis is an important factor motivating firms to engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR). By analyzing event data on product‐harm crises in Chinese listed companies spanning from 2009 to 2019, we uncover evidence that crisis‐related abnormal returns have a significant negative association with the subsequent growth of CSR. Importantly, we find that this negative relationship is especially pronounced for firms that have a greater need to restore moral legitimacy, such as those receiving high levels of media favorability and positive analyst recommendations. These findings offer novel insights into the motivations behind firms' increased investment in CSR following product‐harm crises from a legitimacy perspective.
An enhanced predictive current control technique for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drives with extended voltage space vectors for electric vehicles
Authors: Kumar Kasoju Bharath , Praveen Kumar Kunisetti V. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPermanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are widely employed in the application of electric vehicles (EVs) due to their simplicity of operation. Model predictive current control (MPCC) is an advanced technique used to control the PMSM owing advantages like multi‐variable cost function and good dynamic performance. Cost function of predictive current control (PCC) does not require the flux weighting factor; hence, it is simple in the selection of suitable voltage vector (VV). The conventional PCC (C‐PCC) applied to interior PMSM (IPMSM) contains more torque and flux ripples as it includes only one set of voltage vectors for all speed ranges. In proposed PCC (P‐PCC), the magnitude and location of voltage vectors is to be selected as large and small VVs to reduce torque ripples. The P‐PCC in this article utilizes two set of extended voltage vectors (large and small VVs) based on the applied speed change in dynamic conditions and hence reduces the ripple content. Incorporating maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control in this article serves the purpose of optimizing the machine performance. By adding MTPA to the proposed method, it is aimed to enhance the machine performance with less ripples and improved torque response. Simulation results are presented for conventional and P‐PCC to highlight the effectiveness and efficacy of the P‐PCC. The P‐PCC is experimentally verified with 3.7 kW PMSM using d‐SPACE controller.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing reveals telocytes subsets of human lung
Authors: Dai Lihua , Cai Songshan , Wang Lingyan , Liu Yifei , Liu Fangming , Wang Xiangdong , Song Dongli 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundTelocyte (TC) is a recently defined renewed cell and its dominant intercommunication with other cells displays multiple functions in tissue homeostasis and diseases. Alveolar epithelial cells and immune cells were in the lung cancer heterogeneity, progression, and metastasis, and further associated with antitumor therapeutic strategies. However, few studies focus on the roles of TCs in lung cancer.MethodsIn this article, we used the public scRNA‐Seq data (including healthy control, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non–small cell lung cancer, lymph node metastases from non–small cell lung cancer, and systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease patients) to analyze the cellular dynamics in human lung and distinct types of TCs and their communication networks with the variety of cell types.ResultsSix subclusters of TCs were identified by expression of specific biological function markers, which demonstrated the diversity of TCs subsets in lung tissue. Further results showed TCs had communication with epithelial cells or immune cells subsets by the ligand–receptor interaction, including TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1CD63, fibulin 1integrin subunit beta 1, vimentinCD44, macrophage migration inhibitory factorCD74, and amyloid beta precursor proteinCD74. Ligand–receptor interaction heterogeneity was revealed in lung tissue of healthy or diseases. Enhanced specific signals in ligandreceptor interaction were revealed, including integrin beta 1 and CD44 were appraised in the communication of TCs with epithelial cells, NK cells, NKT cells, CD4+ exhausted T cells, CD4+ memory/effector T cells, CD4+ naïve T cells, CD8+ exhausted T cells, CD8+ memory/effector T cells, and CD8+ naïve T cells. CD63, a marker identified in TCs exosomes was emphasized in our current analysis which is closely related to communication of TCs with other cell types.ConclusionThese results will provide us with new insight into the mechanisms of TCs‐dominated communication and promise therapy of TC exosomes in lung diseases.
OMIP‐101: 27‐color flow cytometry panel for immunophenotyping of major leukocyte populations in fixed whole blood
Authors: Imbratta Claire , Reid Timothy D. , Toefy Asma , Scriba Thomas J. , Nemes Elisa 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis 27‐color flow cytometry antibody panel allows broad immune‐profiling of major leukocyte subsets in human whole blood (WB). It includes lineage markers to identify myeloid and lymphoid cell populations including granulocytes, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), natural killer (NK) cells, NKT‐like cells, B cells, conventional CD4 and CD8 T cells, γδ T cells, mucosa‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC). To further characterize each of these populations, markers defining stages of cell differentiation (CCR7, CD27, CD45RA, CD127, CD57), cytotoxic potential (perforin, granzyme B) and cell activation/proliferation (HLA‐DR, CD38, Ki‐67) were included. This panel was developed for quantifying absolute counts and phenotyping major leukocyte populations in cryopreserved, fixed WB collected from participants enrolled in large multi‐site tuberculosis (TB) vaccine clinical trials. This antibody panel can be applied to profile major leukocyte subsets in other sample types such as fresh WB or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with only minor additional optimization.
A novel linear and planar multiband fractal‐shaped antenna arrays with low sidelobes
Authors: Mohammed Jafar Ramadhan 
Published: February 2024

SummaryFractal antenna arrays are usually used to tune multiband frequencies. However, these types of iteratively constructed antennas are associated with undesirable high sidelobe levels and low directivities. In this paper, an optimization procedure based on the genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal weights of the array elements such that the corresponding array patterns have low sidelobe levels and good directivity. Moreover, the fractal nature in the proposed arrays is maintained regardless of the optimized weights. Thus, the proposed fractal‐shaped array maintains its capability in performing multiband frequency operation. These good radiation features make the proposed fractal‐shaped array more appropriate for the current and future wireless communication applications. Simulation results confirm the superiority of the presented linear and planar fractal‐shaped array structures with compared to the conventional fractal cantor linear array and the standard Sierpinski carpet planar array. For the proposed fractal cantor linear array, the sidelobe level has been reduced to more than −20 dB at different operating frequencies, and the directivity has been improved by more than 8 dB, while the modified Sierpinski carpet planar array has achieved −30 dB depressions in the sidelobe level and 6 dB improvement in the directivity.