bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnicity as a predictor of nonmotor symptoms impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review
Authors: Aldeen Huda Shujaa , Houlden Henry , Rizig Mie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive hypokinetic movement disorder characterised by rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia in addition to multiple non-motor features. It is increasingly recognised that NMS have a substantial impact on the quality of life (QoL) of people with PD, more than motor features. The prevalence and types of these NMS vary among PD patients from different ethnic groups. Ethnicity has been postulated as a determinant of PD symptoms and quality of life of people with PD. There is paucity of data on the effect of ethnicity on (QoL) of people with PD.AimThe aim of this review is to critically evaluate the literature to (1) identify the variability of NMS that affect QoL of people with PD from different ethnicities, and (2) to examine if ethnicity could determine the impact of these NMS on the QoL of people with PD.MethodsThis review was conducted according to recommendations in preferred reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Ovid Embase and Scopus) in the period between March & July 2023. NMS were assessed by four scales: NMSS, NMQT, MDS-UDPRS I, and HADS. QoL was assessed by PDQ39. Ethnicity has been defined based on the country where the study has been conducted. A best-evidence synthesis was used to summarise the demographics, study designs, NMS features in each ethnic group. The impact of NMS features on QoL in different ethnic groups was assessed by comparing the power of correlations measures between NMS domains and QoL in all studies.ResultsTwenty-one studies with 4246 patients were deemed suitable to be included. Patients in the selected studies were grouped to eight ethnic populations: Caucasian, East Asian, Indian, North African, West African, Hispanic, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern ethnicities. Heterogeneous protocols and varied statistical methodologies were used in most studies to assess the relation between NMS and QoL of people with PD. Overall depression, fatigue, and sleep and memory problems are the symptoms with the most significant impact on QoL of majority of ethnic populations. Other NMS including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and urinary Symptoms exhibited a variability in their impact on QoL in different ethnic groups.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that ethnicity may have a significant impact on the correlation between NMS and QoL of patients with PD. There is deficiency in studies assessing the impact of PD NMS on QoL in Africans, Latin Americans, and Middle Eastern populations. Ethnicity is poorly defined and frequently unaddressed in PD studies. Large multicentre, multinational multi-ethnic studies using rigorous unified protocols are required to properly evaluate the effect of ethnicity on PD NMS. Identification of these variabilities is crucial to aid efficient health policy planning based on each population needs and optimize use of local resources.
Warm temperature suppresses plant systemic acquired resistance by interceptingN-hydroxypipecolic acid biosynthesis
Authors: Shields Alyssa , Yao Lingya , Rossi Christina A.M. , Cordon Paula Collado , Kim Jong Hum , Abu AlTemen Wasan Mudher , Li Sha , Marchetta Eric J. R. , Shivnauth Vanessa , Chen Tao , He Sheng Yang , Xin Xiu-Fang , Castroverde Christian Danve M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractClimate warming influences disease development by targeting critical components of the plant immune system, including pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and production of the central defence hormone salicylic acid (SA) at the primary pathogen infection site. However, it is not clear if and/or how temperature impacts systemic immunity. Here we show that pathogen-triggered systemic acquired resistance (SAR) inArabidopsis thalianais suppressed at elevated temperature. This was accompanied by global downregulation of SAR-induced genes at elevated temperature. Abolished SAR under warmer conditions was associated with reduced biosynthesis of the SAR metaboliteN-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) inArabidopsisand other plant species (such as tomato and rapeseed), as demonstrated by downregulation of NHP biosynthetic genes (ALD1andFMO1) and reduced NHP and pipecolic acid (Pip) levels. Although multiple SAR signals have been shown previously, exogenous NHP or Pip was sufficient to restore disease protection at elevated temperature, indicating that heat-mediated SAR suppression is due to downregulation of the NHP pathway. Along withALD1andFMO1, local and systemic expression of the SA biosynthetic geneICS1were also suppressed at warm temperature. Finally, we define a transcriptional network controlling thermosensitive NHP pathway via the master transcription factors CBP60g and SARD1. Our findings demonstrate that warm temperatures impact not only local but also systemic immunity by impinging on NHP biosynthesis, providing a roadmap towards engineering climate-resilient plant immune systems.
Atypical cortical feedback underlies failure to process contextual information in the superior colliculus of Scn2a+/-autism model mice
Authors: Ferrarese Leiron , Asari Hiroki 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAtypical sensory integration and contextual learning are common symptoms in autism, but how sensory circuits are affected remains elusive. Here we performedin vivotwo-photon calcium imaging and pupillometry of mice engaged in an implicit learning task in stable and volatile visual contexts. Wild-type and Scn2a-haploinsufficient autism-model mice exhibited distinct patterns of context-dependent modulation in pupil and neuronal dynamics in the superior colliculus, while retinal outputs showed no contextual modulation. A hierarchical Bayesian learning model showed that the superior colliculus largely represented expectations on the task volatility in wild-type mice, but rather on the outcome itself in Scn2a+/-mice, much as suggested in autism. Chemogenetic perturbation revealed that the cortical feedback signals mediated the observed contextual modulation, both at the neurophysiological and behavioral levels. These results suggest that the corticotectal input is critical for contextual sensory integration in the superior colliculus, and its anomaly underlies abnormal sensory learning in autism.
Seizure cycles in paediatric epilepsy
Authors: Kamitakahara Hannah , Karoly Philippa J. , Stirling Rachel E. , Eden Dominique , Nurse Ewan S. , Dabscheck Gabriel , Freestone Dean , Cook Mark J. , D’Souza Wendyl , Naim-Feil Jodie 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMultiday cyclic patterns underlying the timing of seizures are well-established in adults with epilepsy and are critical to the development of seizure risk forecasting models. As cycles underpinning these models are yet to be explored in paediatric cohorts, the current study applies methods drawn from seizure risk forecasting to identify and compare multiday seizure cycles between paediatric and adult cohorts. This is followed by the first validation of personalised forecasts of seizure likelihood in a paediatric cohort. Multiday seizure cycles were extracted retrospectively from 325 (71 paediatric) electronic seizure diary users (more than 28 days of app use) with confirmed epilepsy. Cycles were grouped (k-means clustering), and seizure cycles quantified (synchronisation index), with significant cycles identified by Rayleigh test of periodicity (p<0.05). Wilcoxon rank-sum test assessed differences in prevalence and strength of cycle groups between paediatric and adult cohorts. 34,402 seizures (paediatric:M=101,SD=103, adult:M=107,SD=156) were analysed and seizure cycles were grouped according to circadian (0.5-1.5 days), about-weekly (2-12 days), about-fortnightly (13-22 days) and about-monthly (23-32 days) periodicities. Significant cycles were identified in each cycle group, with no differences in prevalence or cycle strength between paediatric and adult cohorts for any multiday cycle group. Similar effects were observed across clinical and demographic features (sex, epilepsy-type, medication). These multiday patterns formed the basis for cycle-based estimates of seizure likelihood. Receiver operating characteristic (area under the curve: AUC) was applied and demonstrated that these seizure forecasts performed better than chance (i.e. shuffled seizure times). Multiday seizure cycles are therefore similar in paediatric and adult cohorts, and this study provides the first validation of cycle-based seizure risk forecasting models as a promising approach for paediatric epilepsy.
Manipulating condensation of thermo-sensitive SUF4 protein tunes flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Meyer Heather M. , Hotta Takashi , Malkovskiy Andrey , Zheng Yixian , Ehrhardt David W. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDP) lack stable tertiary structures, which allows them to change conformation and function under different physicochemical conditions. This may be highly advantageous for plants, which often use changes in their environment to elicit a variety of responses, including developmental events. For instance, some plants delay flowering in the fall and require exposure to winter temperatures as a cue to initiate flowering the following spring. Many of the genes involved in temperature-dependent flowering have been extensively studied inArabidopsis, yet how plants coordinate their molecular states with seasonal temperature change is poorly understood. Here, we explore the role of temperature-sensitive phase separation of the IDP and flowering-time regulator, SUPPRESSOR OF FRIGIDA 4 (SUF4), in modulating flowering time. SUF4 has a well-defined role in regulating temperature-dependent flowering time by activating the master floral suppressorFLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). We show that in plant nuclei, SUF4 is a temperature-sensitive protein that assembles into biomolecular condensates in warm temperatures (20°C). When temperatures cool (4°C), SUF4 nuclear condensates disassemble, causing SUF4 to disperse within the nucleoplasm. Additionally, we demonstrate that the number of SUF4 condensates quantitatively correlates with flowering time. Progressive alterations to the amino acid composition of SUF4’s disordered region cause likewise progressive changes in temperature-dependent condensation bothin vitroandin vivo,FLCtranscription, and the onset of flowering. Lastly, we observe that SUF4 condensates coincide with the accumulation of other key flowering-time proteins (FRIGIDA and ELF7). These findings indicate that condensation of SUF4 likely plays a pivotal role in promoting flowering, possibly by concentrating and stabilizing regulatory factors needed for the transcriptional activation ofFLCthrough temperature-dependent phase separation. This research suggests that in plants, IDPs can sense environmental cues and regulate critical developmental processes.One-Sentence SummaryEvidence suggest thatArabidopsisuses temperature-sensitive condensation to regulateFLCtranscription and flowering time.
Exploring phenotypic and genetic variability in hemp (Cannabis sativa)
Authors: Trubanová Nina , Pender Grace , McCabe Paul F. , Melzer Rainer , Schilling Susanne 
Published: November 2023

AbstractHemp (Cannabis sativaL.) is a high-value multi-purpose crop with applications ranging from the medicinal use of its secondary metabolites to carbon-sequestering building materials. To fully capitalise on the potential of hemp as a crop for more sustainable agriculture, detailed phenotypic and genotypic characterizations are required in order to inform targeted breeding programmes.Here, we present a detailed morphological and genomic analysis of 10 hemp cultivars. We found high variability in agronomically important traits such as flowering time, plant height, and biomass in most of the hemp cultivars tested. Additionally, genotyping by sequencing demonstrates that genetic differences are pervasive, both between hemp cultivars as well as between individuals of a single cultivar. The significant genetic and phenotypic variability we observe in hemp contrasts with other crops, where cultivars are often phenotypically and genetically relatively uniform. We argue that the variability of hemp is an asset for breeding and increases the potential for further improvement of the crop but is also a challenge for today’s highly automated agriculture that relies on phenotypic uniformity.Author summaryHemp (Cannabis sativaL.) stands as one of the earliest domesticated crops. This remarkable plant is a sustainable crop with high carbon sequestration capacity which can be cultivated for soil remediation. Furthermore, hemp oil and fibre are used for many applications ranging from cooking to manufacturing bioplastics, textiles, or building materials of superb characteristics, and its secondary metabolites are sought after because of their medicinal properties. However, in contrast to many modern crops, hemp exhibits extensive variability in key agricultural traits, such as plant height and flowering time. This variability presents a challenge for both farmers and processors. To unravel the fundamentals of hemp diversity we conducted a comprehensive study of phenotypic and genetic characterisation of ten diverse hemp cultivars. We present findings confirming substantial variability not only among individuals of different cultivars but also within the same cultivar. Additionally, we explore heterozygosity in the context of other hemp studies and other crops. Understanding this variability in the context of a single hemp cultivar and across multiple cultivars is paramount for breeding novel, more uniform hemp varieties which will allow us to unlock the full potential of hemp as a crop of the future.
Modeling of Ca/P and deposit size responses of electrodeposited calcium-phosphate coating using full factorial design
Authors: Amirnejad Mohabbat , Rajabi Mohammad , Jamaati Roohollah 
Published: November 2023

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of electrodeposition parameters (i.e. time and voltage) on the properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating fabricated on Ti6Al4V surface.Design/methodology/approachA full factorial design along with response surface methodology was utilized to evaluate the main effect of independent variables and their relative interactions on response variables. The effect of electrodeposition voltage and deposition time on HA coatings Ca/P molar ratio and the size of deposited HA crystals were examined by structural equation modeling (SEM). The formation of plate-like and needle-like HA crystals was observed for all experiments.FindingsThe results obtained showed that the higher electrodeposition voltage leads to lower Ca/P values for HA coatings. This is more significant at lower deposition times, where at a 20-minute deposition time, the voltage increased from 2 to 3 V and the Ca/P decreased from 2.27 to 1.52. Full factorial design results showed that electrodeposition voltage has a more significant effect on the size of the deposited HA crystal. With increasing the voltage from 2 to 3 V at a deposition time of 20 min, the HA crystal size varied from 99 to 36 µm.Originality/valueThe investigation delved into the impact of two critical parameters, deposition time and voltage, within the electrodeposition process on two paramount properties of HA coatings. Analyzing the alterations in coating characteristics relative to variations in these process parameters can serve as a foundational guide for subsequent research in the domain of calcium-phosphate deposition for implants.
Supply chain risk management to achieve healthcare supply chain operational excellence: a fsQCA and PLS-SEM approach
Authors: Senna Pedro , Guimarães Marujo Lino , Santos Ana Carla de Souza Gomes dos , Freitag Alberto Eduardo Besser , França Sergio Luiz Braga 
Published: November 2023

Purpose
Healthcare supply chains (HCSCs) face severe challenges when compared to regular chains. Besides avoiding bankruptcy, they must accomplish their goal which is to save lives. Since 2019 the COVID-19 pandemic evidenced that a HCSC disruption generates disruptions to other SCs. Therefore, the objective of this paper is threefold: conduct a systematic literature review to build a HCSC operational excellence (HSCOE) definition; build a conceptual framework by mapping the antecedents of HSCOE and formulate hypotheses; test the hypotheses using a fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) combined with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques to obtain empirical validation.

Design/methodology/approach
Given this context, this paper conducted a systematic literature review to build a HSCOE conceptual framework and used a fsQCA combined with PLS-SEM techniques to obtain empirical validation.

Findings
The paper revealed a relationship between important variables to achieve HSCOE, such as Supply chain 4.0, SC risk management, SC integration, SC resilience (antecedents) and HSCOE (consequent).

Originality/value
The literature contributions of this paper are as follows: validating a new scale for each of the constructs; finding evidence of the causal relationships between the latent variables; measuring how the constructs influence the HSCOE; in addition, the results address important literature gaps identified by researchers and serve as a guide to organizations that need to implement these practices. Furthermore, this study recommends that HCSC managers consider the implementation of robust initiatives concerning the latent variables presented in this work.
Tying the knot – linking bootstrapping and working capital management in established enterprises
Authors: Fitzsimons Margaret , Hogan Teresa , Hayden Michael Thomas 
Published: November 2023

PurposeBootstrapping is a practitioner-based term adopted in entrepreneurship to describe the techniques employed in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to minimise the need for external funding by securing resources at little or no cost and applying strategies to effectively use resources. Working capital management (WCM) is a term used in financial management to define a set of practices used to manage business resources, including cash management. This paper explores the overlap and divergence between these two disciplinary distinct concepts.Design/methodology/approachA dual methodology is employed. First, the usage of the two terms in prior literature is analysed and synthesised. Second, the study uses factor analysis to explore how bootstrapping practices described by owners of 167 established MSMEs relate to the components of WCM in financial management.FindingsThe factor analysis identifies two main bootstrapping practices employed by MSMEs: (1) delaying payments and owner-related bootstrapping and (2) customer-related bootstrapping. Delaying payments is an integral practice in trade payables management and customer-related bootstrapping includes practices that are integral to trade receivables management. Therefore, links between bootstrapping practices and WCM practices are firmly established.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is not without limitations. Based on cross-sectional evidence for established firms in Ireland only, future studies could explore cross-country longitudinal panel data to fully examine life cycle and sectoral effects, as well as other external shocks (for example, COVID-19) on bootstrapping and WCM practices. This study does not explain why some factors (for example, joint utilisation and inventory management) are present in some bootstrapping studies and not in others; further case study research might help explain this. Finally, changes in the business environment facing start-ups and established enterprise, including increased digitalisation, online trading, self-employment, remote hub working and sustainability, offer new avenues for bootstrapping research.Originality/valueThis is the first study to comprehensively explore the conceptual and empirical links between bootstrapping and WCM. This study will enable researchers and practitioners in these two distinct disciplines to learn from each other. Accounting researchers and practitioners can broaden their understanding of how WCM “works” in MSME settings. Similarly, entrepreneurship researchers and practitioners can deepen their understanding of how bootstrapping can be adopted by businesses to manage resources effectively.
Multilevel relationships and loyalty in the microfinance industry: evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Tegambwage Amani Gration 
Published: November 2023

Purpose The operations and viability of microfinance institutions (MFIs), crucial for socioeconomic development and poverty reduction, heavily rely on the multilevel relationships among borrowers, loan officers and MFIs. This study examines the relationship between interpersonal and firm-level relationship quality (RQ) and their simultaneous impact on customer loyalty (CL) in microfinance. Additionally, it investigates the mediating effect of firm-level RQ between CL and interpersonal RQ.Design/methodology/approach In this study, correlational research methods were employed. Completed questionnaires were received from 498 MFI borrowers in Dar es Salaam and Mwanza cities. Regression techniques and structural equation modeling were utilized to analyze the data. Before hypothesis testing, the validity and reliability of the measurements were confirmed.Findings Interpersonal-level and firm-level RQs are significantly related. Interpersonal-level RQ and its dimensions are significantly linked to CL, whereas firm-level RQ and its dimensions are insignificantly related to CL, except for commitment. Interpersonal-level relationships have a stronger impact on CL than firm-level relationships. Among all the dimensions of RQ, commitment has the greatest influence on CL at both levels. Firm-level RQ negatively and insignificantly mediates the relation between interpersonal-level RQ and CL.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings only apply to Tanzania's microfinance industry, because the interactions between and the relative effects of firm and interpersonal ties may vary across various contexts and cultures. Future research may consider replicating this study in other contexts and cultures to confirm these findings.Practical implications This study advances the understanding of how multilevel relationships affect CL within the microfinance industry. This insight will assist MFIs and policymakers in identifying alternative and more efficient relational strategies to enhance CL, a critical element for the sustainability of MFIs. In turn, the sustainability of MFIs in low-income countries like Tanzania holds paramount importance for stimulating socioeconomic development and, hence, achieving the goal of poverty eradication.Originality/value While previous studies on multilevel relationships concentrated on a single relational dimension (trust) and were conducted within the realms of retail, airline and industrial manufacturing, the current study employs the three most popular relational dimensions: trust, commitment and satisfaction, within the microfinance context. Additionally, this study investigates the mediation effect of firm-level RQ between interpersonal-level RQ and CL, a previously unexplored area in research.