bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporospatial dynamics of the morphogenesis of the rabbit retina from prenatal to postnatal life: Light and electron microscopic study
Authors: El‐Desoky Sara M. M. , Elhanbaly Ruwaida , Hifny Abdalla , Ibrahim Nagwa , Gaber Wafaa 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe retina consists of various cell types arranged in eight cell layers and two membranes that originate from the neuroectodermal cells. In this study, the timing of differentiation and distribution of the cellular components and the layers of the rabbit retina are investigated using light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemical techniques. There were 32 rabbit embryos and 12 rabbits used. The rabbit retina begins its prenatal development on the 10th day of gestation in the form of optic cup. The process of neuro‐ and gliogenesis occurs in several stages: In the first stage, the ganglionic cells are differentiated at the 15th day. The second stage includes the differentiation of Muller, amacrine, and cone cells on the 23rd day. The differentiation of bipolar, horizontal, and rod cells and formation of the inner segments of the photoreceptors consider the late stage that occurs by the 27th and 30th day of gestation. On the first week of age postnatally, the outer segments of the photoreceptors are developed. S100 protein is expressed by the Muller cells and its processes that traverse the retina from the outer to the inner limiting membranes. Calretinin is intensely labeled within the amacrine and displaced amacrine cells. Ganglionic cells exhibited moderate immunoreactivity for calretinin confined to their cytoplasm and dendrites. In conclusion, all stages of neuro‐ and gliogenesis of the rabbit retina occur during the embryonic period. Then, the retina continues its development postnatally by formation of the photoreceptor outer segments and all layers of the retina become established.Research Highlights
The aim of this study is to investigate the morphogenesis of the rabbit retina during pre‐ and postnatal life.
The primordia of the retina could be observed in the form of the optic cup. The ganglionic cells are the first cells to differentiate, while the photoreceptor cells are the last.
S100 protein is expressed by the Muller cells and its processes. Calretinin is intensely labeled in the amacrine and displaced amacrine cells and moderately expressed in the cytoplasm and dendrites of ganglionic cells.
Comprehensive systematic review and pooled analysis of real‐world studies evaluating immunomodulator and biologic therapies for chronic pouchitis treatment
Authors: Khoo Emi , Lee Andrew , Neeman Teresa , An Yoon‐Kyo , Begun Jakob 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackground and AimPouchitis is a common complication after restorative ileal pouch–anal anastomosis following proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis. Antibiotic‐dependent or antibiotic‐refractory chronic pouchitis (CP), which is a common cause of pouch failure affecting 15–20% of patients, is challenging to treat. The efficacy of second‐line immunomodulator and biologic therapy remains poorly defined. We present a pooled analysis of real‐world efficacy data from peer‐reviewed full‐text manuscripts, focusing on immunomodulator and biologic therapies in CP.MethodsEmbase and PubMed databases were searched for full‐text articles describing the treatment of CP. We performed a systematic review and pooled analysis of published studies to assess the efficacy of immunomodulators, including thiopurines and methotrexate, and biologics including antitumor necrosis factor, anti‐integrin, and interleukin‐12/23 antagonists. Clinical and endoscopic response and remission rates were combined for pooled analyses. Rates of treatment discontinuation and safety were also assessed.ResultsPooled analysis comprised 20 full‐text articles (485 patients). Overall clinical response rate was 46% (95% CI: 35–59%) and clinical remission rate was 35% (95% CI: 21–52%). Overall endoscopic response and remission rates were 41% (95% CI: 18–68%) and 15% (95% CI: 5–39%), respectively. Individual agents' safety profile was reassuring, with vedolizumab being the most favorable.ConclusionThe real‐world efficacy data of immunomodulators in the treatment of CP is insufficient. Vedolizumab and ustekinumab appeared effective and safe for CP, whereas anti‐TNFs showed higher rates of adverse events. The high heterogeneity within the studies is attributed to the real‐world study design, obfuscating drug efficacy comparisons across the studies. Further studies are required to define the comparative effectiveness of available treatments of CP.
The rationale for a carbon ion radiation therapy facility in Australia
Authors: Thwaites David I. , Prokopovich Dale A. , Garrett Richard F. , Haworth Annette , Rosenfeld Anatoly , Ahern Verity 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAustralia has taken a collaborative nationally networked approach to achieve particle therapy capability. This supports the under‐construction proton therapy facility in Adelaide, other potential proton centres and an under‐evaluation proposal for a hybrid carbon ion and proton centre in western Sydney. A wide‐ranging overview is presented of the rationale for carbon ion radiation therapy, applying observations to the case for an Australian facility and to the clinical and research potential from such a national centre.
Evolution of therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Altomare Nicole J. , Mulcahy Mary F. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractRectal cancer is a prevalent disease worldwide. The standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant systemic chemotherapy. Studies have been done to determine the best sequence of treatments to improve survival, cure rate and long term toxicity profile. In this paper, we will review the literature regarding the evolution of LARC treatment.
Sentinel lymph node mapping in endometrial cancer: Current evidence and practice
Authors: Salman Lina , Cusimano Maria C. , Marchocki Zibi , Ferguson Sarah E. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractSurgical staging with total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, and lymph node assessment is the standard of care for patients with clinical early‐stage endometrial cancer. Traditionally, complete pelvic and para‐aortic lymphadenectomy (LND) was performed to assess for nodal metastases; however, numerous prospective studies have demonstrated that sentinel lymph node biopsy has similar diagnostic accuracy, and is an acceptable alternative to complete LND. This has led to a paradigm shift in endometrial cancer staging.
Intensifying supportive care is associated with improved survival in gastric cancer patients with malignant ascites
Authors: Karalis John D. , Ju Michelle R. , Feig Rachel , Estrella Raechelle , Pettigrew Morgan F. , Alterio Rodrigo E. , Abreu Andres A. , Farah Emile , Sawas Tarek , Sanford Nina N. , Sanjeevaiah Aravind , Hammer Suntrea T. G. , Porembka Matthew R. , Wang Sam C. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer patients with malignant ascites often have poor functional status and malnutrition that preclude receipt of systemic therapies. Thus, these patients have a very poor prognosis. Beginning in 2019, our multidisciplinary gastric cancer disease‐oriented team implemented a more aggressive supportive care plan for gastric cancer patients with malignant ascites. The initiative included measures such as supplemental enteral nutrition, ascites drainage, and initiation of chemotherapy on an inpatient basis. We compared outcomes for gastric cancer patients who presented with synchronous malignant ascites treated before and after the implementation of the care plan.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of our institutional database to identify patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma and synchronous malignant ascites between 2010 and 2022. We compared overall survival (OS) between patients diagnosed from 2010 to 2018, which will be referred to as the historical control era and patients diagnosed from 2019 to 2022, which will be called the aggressive supportive care era.ResultsFifty‐four patients were included in our analysis; 31 patients were treated in the historical control time frame, and 23 patients were treated during the aggressive supportive care era. Demographic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics were similar between groups. 3% of historical controls received supplemental tube feeds at diagnosis as compared to 30% of the aggressive supportive care cohort (p < 0.01). 3% of historical controls received their first cycle of chemotherapy in the inpatient setting versus 39% of patients treated during the aggressive supportive care era (p < 0.01). The median number of chemotherapy cycles received was 5 among historical controls and 9.5 among aggressive supportive care era patients (p = 0.02). There was no difference in the number of days spent as an inpatient between the two groups. The median OS for historical control patients was 5.4 months as compared with 10.4 months for patients treated during aggressive supportive care era (p = 0.04).ConclusionsGastric cancer patients with synchronous malignant ascites treated during a timeframe when our multidisciplinary team implemented more aggressive supportive care measures had improved OS as compared with historic controls. Our results suggest that aggressive supportive measures for these patients with highly challenging clinical issues and poor prognosis can prolong survival. Specifically, initiation of chemotherapy in the inpatient setting and supplemental nutrition should be considered for patients at high risk for treatment intolerance.
Good morning, sunshine: How time‐of‐day of complaint submittal can affect customer satisfaction with company response time
Authors: Garner Della , Tatara Jennifer H. , Jha Subhash 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTraditional models of consumer behavior assume that customers perceive factors, e.g., time, in a rational manner throughout the day. For example, the same time period of an hour should, fundamentally, be evaluated as the same as an hour in the afternoon. Yet, across three experimental studies, we find evidence counter to this belief. Under the theoretical framework of the categorization of time, we posit that the unconscious categorization of time influences our satisfaction with company response time due to perceptions of time and resource depletion. We empirically demonstrate that the time‐of‐day of complaint submission impacts satisfaction with company response time such that the same company response time will be perceived as more satisfying in the morning than when received in the afternoon. This previously overlooked relationship builds on a robust and growing literature examining timing strategies in service recovery. We provide both low/no‐cost initiatives as well as strategic timing prioritization for marketing practitioners to maximize customer satisfaction with firm response time.
Identifying the Influence of Stacking Sequence on Mechanical and Vibration Properties of Bamboo/Glass‐Epoxy Composites
Authors: Munde Yashwant , Panigrahi Abhilasha , Chandekar Gautam , Shinde Avinash , Siva Irulappasamy 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe consumption of renewable materials such as natural fiber reinforced composites is highlighted in many engineering applications because of their degradable and environmentally friendly properties. Composite with dedicated natural fibers is limited their use to semi‐structural applications because of their hydrophobic nature and instability under dynamic load. Present research work is attempted to develop woven bamboo (B)/Glass (G) hybrid epoxy composites. The dedicated (BBBB and GGGG) and hybridized composites with different stacking sequences fabricated through the compression molding process and their mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties are investigated. In mechanical properties, the flexural strength and flexural modulus for the GBBG layered composites are best at 210 and 6256 MPa respectively, close to the dedicated glass composite. Impact strength at around 342–368 J m−1 is observed for all hybrids which are extremely good when compared to pure bamboo composite. Experimental modal analysis is also executed to evaluate the dynamic properties as fundamental natural frequencies and the damping ratio. The GBGB composite possesses a fundamental frequency of 25.1 Hz and a damping ratio of 0.0301. The damping of hybrid composites is improved by 96% compared to GGGG stacked composites. The experimental results are well in agreement with the analytical results. These developed bamboo/glass hybrid composites can be a better alternative composite material in semi‐structural applications.
A Critical Review on Tribological and Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid Polymer Composite Materials
Authors: Abhang Laxman B. , Dalwe Yash D. , Pawar Deepak S. , Karandikar Pratibha M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis review paper presents tribological and mechanical characteristics of hybrid polymer composite materials that exhibit low friction and low wear. Polymer fiber reinforced materials possess low weight and high specific quality along with high specific stiffness. This study targets a critical review of wear and frictional characteristics of hybrid polymer composite materials. Tribological properties have been evaluated by various researchers using a rotating pin‐on‐disc tribometer and reciprocating wear testing machine. Most likely filler materials are carbon, graphite, nano silica, bronze, glass fibers, MoS2, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) added in the polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyamide 66, thermoses polymer, etc. It improves mechanical and tribological properties of hybrid composite materials. This review paper aims to highlights the comparative study of various fillers added in PEEK, Polyamide 66, and thermoses polymer hybrid materials. Recently hybrid composites are used in wide range of applications since it has light weight and high strength.
A multicenter single‐arm trial of neoadjuvant pyrotinib and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy for HER2‐positive breast cancer
Authors: Shi Qiyun , Qi Xiaowei , Tang Peng , Fan Linjun , Chen Li , Wang Shushu , Liang Yan , Hu Ying , Wang Minghao , Ren Lin , Zhang Guozhi , Tan Xuanni , Yuan Long , Du Junze , Wu Xiujuan , Wang Mengyuan , Che Hongying , Lv Pengwei , Chen Dejie , Hu Jinhui , Li Qiuyun , Zhang Yanwu , Yang Kunxian , Zhong Yuan , Chen Chuang , Zhou Zemin , Qian Liyuan , Zhang Jingwei , Ma Mingde , Sun Yi , Zhang Yi , Jiang Jun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe objective of this multicenter, single‐arm trial (ChiCTR1900022293) was to explore the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy with epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and pyrotinib followed by docetaxel, trastuzumab, and pyrotinib (ECPy‐THPy) in the treatment of patients with stage II–III HER2‐positive breast cancer. The present study enrolled patients with stage II–III HER2‐positive breast cancer. Epirubicin and cyclophosphamide were administrated for four 21‐day cycles, followed by four cycles of docetaxel and trastuzumab. Pyrotinib was taken orally once per day throughout the treatment period. The primary endpoint was total pathological complete response (tpCR, ypT0/is ypN0) rate in the modified intention‐to‐treat (mITT) population. In total, 175 patients were included. The tpCR rate was 68.6% (95% CI, 60.7–75.8%), while the objective response rate was 89.1%. In the post‐hoc subgroup analysis, no association between clinical characteristics and the tpCR rate was observed. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were diarrhea (54.3%), followed by white blood cell count decreased (5.1%), and neutrophil count decreased (4.6%). In conclusion, the neoadjuvant regimen with ECPy‐THPy showed promising pathological response and clinical benefits with an acceptable safety profile in patients with stage II–III HER2‐positive breast cancer.
Receptor tyrosine kinases: biological functions and anticancer targeted therapy
Authors: Zhang Nan , Li Yongsheng 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a class of protein kinases that play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including cell migration, morphological differentiation, cell growth, and angiogenesis. In humans, 58 RTKs have been identified and categorized into 20 distinct families based on the composition of their extracellular regions. RTKs are primarily activated by specific ligands that bind to their extracellular region. They not only regulate tumor transformation, proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and angiogenesis, but also initiate and maintain the self‐renewal and cloning ability of cancer stem cells. Accurate diagnosis and grading of tumors with dysregulated RTKs are essential in clinical practice. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the benefits of RTKs‐targeted therapies for cancer patients, and researchers are actively exploring new targets and developing targeted agents. However, further optimization of RTK inhibitors is necessary to effectively target the diverse RTK alterations observed in human cancers. This review provides insights into the classification, structure, activation mechanisms, and expression of RTKs in tumors. It also highlights the research advances in RTKs targeted anticancer therapy and emphasizes their significance in optimizing cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Nrf2/PHB2 alleviates mitochondrial damage and protects against Staphylococcus aureus‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Jin Si‐Hao , Sun Jiao‐Jiao , Liu Gang , Shen Li‐Juan , Weng Yuan , Li Jin‐You , Chen Min , Wang Ying‐Ying , Gao Zhi‐Qi , Jiang Feng‐Juan , Li Sheng‐Peng , Chen Dan , Pang Qing‐Feng , Wu Ya‐Xian , Wang Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus (SA) is a major cause of sepsis, leading to acute lung injury (ALI) characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the role of the Nrf2/PHB2 pathway in SA‐induced ALI (SA‐ALI) remains unclear. In this study, serum samples were collected from SA‐sepsis patients, and a SA‐ALI mouse model was established by grouping WT and Nrf2−/− mice after 6 h of intraperitoneal injection. A cell model simulating SA‐ALI was developed using lipoteichoic acid (LTA) treatment. The results showed reduced serum Nrf2 levels in SA‐sepsis patients, negatively correlated with the severity of ALI. In SA‐ALI mice, downregulation of Nrf2 impaired mitochondrial function and exacerbated inflammation‐induced ALI. Moreover, PHB2 translocation from mitochondria to the cytoplasm was observed in SA‐ALI. The p‐Nrf2/total‐Nrf2 ratio increased in A549 cells with LTA concentration and treatment duration. Nrf2 overexpression in LTA‐treated A549 cells elevated PHB2 content on the inner mitochondrial membrane, preserving genomic integrity, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting excessive mitochondrial division. Bioinformatic analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assay confirmed direct binding of Nrf2 to the PHB2 promoter, resulting in increased PHB2 expression. In conclusion, Nrf2 plays a role in alleviating SA‐ALI by directly regulating PHB2 transcription and maintaining mitochondrial function in lung cells.
Premonitory Urge in Patients with Tics and Functional Tic‐like Behaviors
Authors: Szejko Natalia , Fletcher Julian , Martino Davide , Pringsheim Tamara 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundPremonitory urges (PU) are well described in primary tics, but their frequency and intensity in functional tic‐like behaviors (FTLB) are unclear.ObjectiveTo study the experience of PU in patients with FTLB.MethodsWe compared the results of the premonitory urge for tics scale (PUTS) in adults with tics and FTLB in the University of Calgary Adult Tic Registry.ResultsWe included 83 patients with tics and 40 with FTLB. When comparing patients with tics, FTLB with tics and FTLB only, we did not detect significant differences either in the total PUTS score (P = 0.39), or in any of the individual PUTS item sub‐scores (P values ranging between 0.11 and 0.99).ConclusionsPatients with FTLB report PU at similar frequency and intensity to patients with tics. This finding confirms that PU are not a useful feature to discriminate FTLB from tics.
Motivational Vigor in Parkinson's Disease Requires the Short and Long Duration Response to Levodopa
Authors: Brissenden James A. , Scerbak Teresa , Albin Roger L. , Lee Taraz G. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundImpaired movement vigor (bradykinesia) is a cardinal feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and hypothesized to result from abnormal motivational processes—impaired motivation‐vigor coupling. Dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) improves bradykinesia, but the response to DRT is multifaceted, comprising a short‐duration response (SDR) and a long‐duration response (LDR) only manifesting with chronic treatment. Prior experiments assessing motivation‐vigor coupling in PD used chronically treated subjects, obscuring the roles of the SDR and LDR.MethodsTo disambiguate the SDR and LDR, 11 de novo PD subjects (6 male [M]:5 female [F]; mean age, 67) were studied before treatment, after an acute levodopa (l‐dopa) dose, and in both the practical “off” (LDR) and “on” (LDR + SDR) states after chronic stable treatment. At each visit, subjects were characterized with a standard battery including the Movement Disorder Society‐Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) and an incentivized joystick task to assess motor performance in response to varying rewards.Resultsl‐Dopa induced a robust SDR and LDR, with further improvement in the combined SDR + LDR state. At baseline, after acute treatment (SDR), and after LDR induction, subjects did not exhibit the normal increase in movement speed with increasing reward. Only in the combined SDR + LDR state was there restoration of motivation‐vigor coupling.ConclusionsAlthough consistent with prior results in chronically treated PD subjects, the significant improvement in motor performance observed with the SDR and LDR suggests that bradykinesia is not solely secondary to deficient modulation of motivational processes. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
The Gut Microbiome and Acute Leukemia: Implications for Early Diagnostic and New Therapies
Authors: Huang Xinwei , Cai Haibo , Zhao Yanqin , Kang Yongbo 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAcute leukemia (AL), one of the hematological malignancies, shows high heterogeneity. Tremendous progresses are achieved in treating AL with novel targeted drugs and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there are numerous issues including pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy of AL to be solved. In recent years, an increasing number of studies regarding microbiome have shed more lights on the role of gut microbiota in promoting AL progression. Mechanisms related to the role of gut microbiota in enhancing AL genesis are summarized in the present work, especially on critical pathways like leaky gut, bacterial dysbiosis, microorganism‐related molecular patterns, and bacterial metabolites, resulting in AL development. Additionally, the potential of gut microbiota as the biomarker for early AL diagnosis is discussed. It also outlooks therapies targeting gut microbiota for preventing AL development.