bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aliens Among Us: The Posthuman Wunderkammer
Authors: Witt Andrew 
Published: January 2024

AbstractArchitecture has always been about the reconciliation between humanity and matter. Nowadays, as we gear up for a posthuman future, should buildings and spaces be more proactive, challenging their users by asking questions about this multifaceted reconciliation between the biosphere and the ever more advanced technosphere? Harvard University's Andrew Witt, a co‐founder of design studio Certain Measures, describes some of the office's ideas and spatial experiments within these trans‐scalar environments and contexts.
Learning, Teaching, Coexisting, Thriving: The Evolution of Space Architecture in the Posthuman Era
Authors: Bannova Olga , Häuplik‐Meusburger Sandra 
Published: January 2024

AbstractOlga Bannova directs the Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture (SICSA) at the University of Houston, Texas, and Sandra Häuplik‐ Meusburger directs the Space Architecture EMBA at Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien). Here they present the notion of viewing humanity as not superior to other beings and entities, allowing the possibility of the much more inclusive coexistence that will be necessary as our posthuman future pushes us deeper into Space.
The Function of the Immune System, Beyond Strategies Based on Cell‐Autonomous Mechanisms, Determines Cancer Development: Immune Response and Cancer Development
Authors: Zand Hamid , Pourvali Katayoun 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAlthough cancer remains a challenging disease to treat, early detection and removal of primary tumors through surgery or chemotherapy/radiotherapy can offer hope for patients. The privilege paradigm in cancer biology suggests that cell‐autonomous mechanisms play a central role in tumorigenesis. According to this paradigm, these cellular mechanisms are the primary focus for the prevention and treatment of cancers. However, this point of view does not present a comprehensive theory for the initiation of cancer and an effective therapeutic strategy. Having an incomplete understanding of the etiology of cancer, it is essential to re‐examine previous assumptions about carcinogenesis and develop new, practical theories that can account for all available clinical and experimental evidence. This will not only help to gain a better understanding of the disease, but also offer new avenues for treatment. This review provides evidence suggesting a shift in focus from a cell‐autonomous mechanism to systemic mechanisms, particularly the immune system, that are involved in cancer formation.
Bi‐Ligand Synergy Enables Threshold Low Voltage and Bandgap Stable Pure‐Red Mix‐Halide Perovskite LEDs
Authors: Duan Hong‐Wei , Zhao Feng , Li Sheng‐Nan , Pan Jia‐Lin , Shen Wan‐Shan , Li Sheng‐Ming , Zhang Qiao , Wang Ya‐Kun , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPerovskite light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting in the pure‐red range of 630–640 nm show promise in meeting the requirement of the Rec.2100 standard for high‐resolution displays. However, the high‐performing LEDs (external quantum efficiency, EQE >20%) in the pure‐red range suffer from half‐life time (luminance drop to 50% of the initial luminance) of <1.6 h, resulting from the injection/transportation barrier and surface‐defects–induced charge carrier quenching. Herein, a bi‐ligand synergy strategy is developed to address the T50 issue: the introduction of iodide‐rich ligands with different chain length increases the vacancy formation energy of halogen ions and enhances the exciton binding energy, resulting in a high photoluminescence quantum yield of over 92%. The treated CsPbBrx/I3−x films exhibit 34‐fold improved material stability related to the control at continuous aging at 100 °C. As a result, pure‐red LEDs with CIE coordinates of (0.698, 0.301) approaching the Rec.2100 standard are reported. These pure‐red LEDs exhibit a low turn‐on voltage of 1.8 V, which is the lowest among reported pure‐red perovskite LEDs, and even 0.15 V lower than the optical bandgap energy (1.95 eV); and a maximum EQE of ≈21% with fourfold enhanced T50 relative to the best previous pure‐red perovskite LEDs.
Enhancing Initial Surface Adsorption for Doped Lead‐Free Copper(I) Halide Microcrystals Through a Moderate Lewis Base Ligand
Authors: Yan Xinxin , Zhou Yali , Wang Qiangshuai , Zhang Jin Zhong , Chen Yibo , Pang Qi , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: January 2024

AbstractDoping Mn2+ in newly emerged lead‐free metal halides to access versatile optoelectronic applications is highly desired. However, understanding the chemical pathway of Mn2+ doping and precisely controlling it remains challenging. Here, the crucial role of the initial surface adsorption of Mn2+ in doping kinetics is demonstrated, and the adsorption step is effectively optimized by a moderate Lewis base ligand. The results show that not only the doping concentration of Mn2+ in Cs3Cu2I5 is modulated flexibly but also the produced Cs3Cu2I5:Mn2+ microcrystals exhibit tuned photoluminescence/radioluminescence properties, indicating their applicability in anti‐counterfeiting and X‐ray imaging. Systematic experimental and theoretical outcomes reveal that the moderate Lewis base ligand dually links Mn2+ (hard acid) and Cu+ (soft acid) on the matrix surface, which improves the initial surface adsorption of the dopant and further promotes the doping step. This study contributes a simple strategy for simply controlling Mn2+ doping in Cu(I)‐based halides and also opens a new avenue for understanding the fundamentals of doping dynamics in metal halide systems.
Construction of Robust Organic–Inorganic Interface Layer for Dendrite‐Free and Durable Zinc Metal Anode
Authors: Zhou Chuancong , Shan Lutong , Nan Qing , Zhang Jie , Fan Zihao , Tang Boya , Li Jing , Yang Jinlin , Zhang Hui , Kang Zhenye , Tian Xinlong , Shi Xiaodong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConstructing artificial interface layer is an effective approach to facilitate the utilization rate of zinc metal, but the practical application is still hindered by the inferior mechanical strength, low ionic conductivity, and poor stability. Herein, robust organic–inorganic layer (Nafion/BM@Zn) is coated on zinc metal through ultrasonic spraying method with boehmite and Nafion as the composite precursor. As demonstrated, the high cation selectivity and high hydrophilicity of Nafion, as well as the zincophilic property and layered structure of boehmite, synergistically contribute to the low nucleation barrier, uniform deposition, and fast transport kinetics of Zn2+ ions. As a result, the Nafion/BM@Zn anode exhibits superior reversibility with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.9% for 9000 cycles in asymmetrical cells and durable cycling stability for 4200 h in symmetrical cells at 5 mA cm−2−1 mAh cm−2. Even in the seawater‐based electrolyte, the Nafion/BM@Zn anode still displays reversible deposition behavior for 820 h and high Coulombic efficiency of 99.91% for 2800 cycles at 5 mA cm−2−1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the corresponding Nafion/BM@Zn//NH4V4O10 cell presents high capacity of 258.4 mAh g−1 after 1500 cycles at 5 A g−1. This work provides a new design strategy for high‐efficiency interfacial layer of zinc metal anode.
Halogenation Strategy of Thiophene Derived Solvent Additives Enables Optimized Morphology for Organic Solar Cells with 19.17% Efficiency
Authors: Su Wenyan , Zhou Xuming , Yao Ze‐Fan , Bai Hairui , Duan Yuwei , Sun Rui , Wu Yue , Wu Qiang , Qin Hongmei , Zhao Chao , Zhu Weiguo , Woo Han Young , Min Jie , Li Yuxiang , Ma Wei , Fan Qunping 
Published: January 2024

AbstractAs simple and versatile tools, additives have been widely used to refine active layer morphology and have played a crucial role in boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, three novel solvent additives named Th‐FSi, Th‐ClSi, and Th‐BrSi with the same backbone of 2,5‐bis(trimethylsilyl)thiophene are designed and synthesized by substituting different halogens of fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, respectively. Notably, Th‐ClSi exhibits the more significant dipole moment and engages in non‐covalent interactions with a small‐molecule acceptor (SMA) L8‐BO, which slight adjustments in intermolecular interaction, crystallinity, and molecular packing in the PM6:L8‐BO active layer. Consequently, the OSCs incorporating Th‐ClSi outperform their Th‐FSi and Th‐BrSi counterparts in photo‐capturing, reduced energy loss, superior exciton dissociation, and charge transfer properties, out‐coming yields in an enhanced PCE of 18.29%. Moreover, by integrating a near‐infrared absorbing SMA (BTP‐eC9) guest into the PM6:L8‐BO matrix, the absorption spectrum to span 880–930 nm, and the resultant ternary OSCs achieve a commendable PCE of 19.17%, ranking among the highest efficiencies reported to date is expanded. These findings underscore the promise of halogenated thiophene‐based solvent additives as a potent avenue for morphological fine‐tuning and consequent PCE enhancement in OSCs.
Cyanoesterthiophene Based Low‐Cost Polymer Donors for High Efficiency Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Junjie , Bi Fuzhen , Du Li , Shang Chenyu , Liu Shizhao , Du Zhengkun , Yu Donghong , Bao Xichang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo achieve commercial application of organic solar cells (OSCs), it is necessary to reduce material costs and improve device efficiency. This paper reports on the utilization of a multifunctional building block, namely 3‐cyanoesterthiophene, which exhibits simple structure and accessibility of synthetic for cost‐effective and high‐performance polymer donors (PDs). Meanwhile, ternary and terpolymerization strategies have been studied. Two similar PDs, PBTCl0‐TCA and PBTCl100‐TCA, are synthesized, and the devices exhibit less‐than‐satisfactory efficiency of 13.21% and 11.53% due to mismatching energy level and imperfect morphology. The two PDs with comparable structures and commendable compatibility easily form alloy‐like phase in active layer, which can effectively boost the efficiency of ternary devices to 14.17% with retained high JSC and significant improved open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF). Encouraged by the ternary blending phenomenon, a polymer donor (PBTCl50‐TCA) with same ratio by random terpolymerization is designed. And over 17% efficiency binary OSCs using terpolymerization donor are demonstrated. The synergies of incorporation of the cyanoester‐group and terpolymer endow the developed PDs with deep‐lying energy levels, face‐on orientation, thermodynamic miscibility with the prevailing nonfullerene acceptor and appropriate polymer crystallinity. The findings study provide valuable insights and support for the advancement of cost‐effective and high‐performance PDs.
A Liquid‐Metal‐Assisted Competitive Galvanic Reaction Strategy Toward Indium/Oxide Core−Shell Nanoparticles with Enhanced Microwave Absorption
Authors: Zhao Biao , Yan Zhikai , Liu Lulu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Guan Li , Guo Xiaoqin , Li Ruosong , Che Renchao , Zhang Rui 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe preparation of core–shell structured nanoparticles using the galvanic replacement reaction of liquid metals is a simple and efficient method. However, precise modulation of the core and shell components to regulate the microwave absorption performance still needs to be further explored. In this study, various types of indium/oxide core–shell nanoparticles are prepared based on a competitive galvanic reaction of gallium‐indium liquid metals. The prepared indium/oxide core–shell structured nanoparticles exhibit superior electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties with a minimum reflection loss (RL) of −40.25 dB at 1.7 mm and the widest effective absorption band of 6.12 GHz at 2.1 mm. The superior wave‐absorbing properties originate from the dielectric losses of the interfacial and dipole polarizations. In addition, an externally applied magnetic field improves the polarization loss and microwave dissipation to achieve a minimum RL of −45.65 dB at 2.4 mm. The liquid‐metal‐assisted competitive galvanic reaction strategies extend the variety of core–shell structured nanoparticles for electromagnetic wave absorption applications.
Hybrid Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework‐Derived Co3Mo/Mo2C Heterostructure for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Li , Sun Liming , Yang Lei , Zhao Jianwei , Xu Qiang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractConstructing heterostructures is an efficient strategy to develop high‐performance and robust electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, an ion‐impregnation method and an environmentally friendly in situ carbonization strategy are successively employed to fabricate a novel Co3Mo/Mo2C heterostructure anchored on nitrogen‐doped carbon (Co3Mo/Mo2C@NC). Thanks to the formation of heterostructure, the obtained Co3Mo/Mo2C@NC exhibits an enhanced catalytic performance toward OER with a low overpotential (282 mV @ 10 mA cm−2, 322 mV @ 50 mA cm−2, and 355 mV @100 mA cm−2) and robust stability (100 mA cm−2 for 200 h) in alkaline media. Detailed experimental results combined with theoretical calculations reveal the formation of a Co3Mo/Mo2C heterojunction interface can decrease the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step for intermediates during the OER process, thereby inherently enhancing the OER performance. This work presents a rational synthetic route for designing high‐performance heterostructures for energy conversion technologies.
Opposite Mechanical Preference of Bone/Nerve Regeneration in 3D‐Printed Bioelastomeric Scaffolds/Conduits Consistently Correlated with YAP‐Mediated Stem Cell Osteo/Neuro‐Genesis
Authors: Cheng Xiaopeng , Xu Bowen , Lei Bingxi , Wang Shanfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo systematically unveil how substrate stiffness, a critical factor in directing cell fate through mechanotransduction, correlates with tissue regeneration, novel biodegradable and photo‐curable poly(trimethylene carbonate) fumarates (PTMCFs) for fabricating elastomeric 2D substrates and 3D bone scaffolds/nerve conduits, are presented. These substrates and structures with adjustable stiffness serve as a unique platform to evaluate how this mechanical cue affects the fate of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and hard/soft tissue regeneration in rat femur bone defect and sciatic nerve transection models; whilst, decoupling from topographical and chemical cues. In addition to a positive relationship between substrate stiffness (tensile modulus: 90–990 kPa) and hMSC adhesion, spreading, and proliferation mediated through Yes‐associated protein (YAP), opposite mechanical preference is revealed in the osteogenesis and neurogenesis of hMSCs as they are significantly enhanced on the stiff and compliant substrates, respectively. In vivo tissue regeneration demonstrates the same trend: bone regeneration prefers the stiffer scaffolds; while, nerve regeneration prefers the more compliant conduits. Whole‐transcriptome analysis further shows that upregulation of Rho GTPase activity and the downstream genes in the compliant group promote nerve repair, providing critical insight into the design strategies of biomaterials for stem cell regulation and hard/soft tissue regeneration through mechanotransduction.
Cancer Metastasis‐on‐a‐Chip for Modeling Metastatic Cascade and Drug Screening
Authors: Brooks Anastasia , Zhang Yali , Chen Jiezhong , Zhao Chun‐Xia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMicrofluidic chips are valuable tools for studying intricate cellular and cell–microenvironment interactions. Traditional in vitro cancer models lack accuracy in mimicking the complexities of in vivo tumor microenvironment. However, cancer‐metastasis‐on‐a‐chip (CMoC) models combine the advantages of 3D cultures and microfluidic technology, serving as powerful platforms for exploring cancer mechanisms and facilitating drug screening. These chips are able to compartmentalize the metastatic cascade, deepening the understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This article provides an overview of current CMoC models, focusing on distinctive models that simulate invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization, and their applications in drug screening. Furthermore, challenges faced by CMoC and microfluidic technologies are discussed, while exploring promising future directions in cancer research. The ongoing development and integration of these models into cancer studies are expected to drive transformative advancements in the field.
Porphyrin Derivative with Binary Properties of Photodynamic Therapy and Water‐Dependent Reversible Photoacidity Therapy for Treating Hypoxic Tumor
Authors: Kang Lin , Sun Tianzhen , Liu Shiyang , Zhao Hongyou , Zhao Yuxia 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPorphyrin photosensitizers are the classic drugs in clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT), but the hypoxia of tumor environment and the rapid oxygen consumption of PDT severely weaken their therapeutic effect. A recently reported water‐dependent reversible photoacidity therapy (W‐RPAT) is O2‐independence, providing a solution for the treatment of hypoxic tumors. In this work, TPP‐O‐PEG5, a porphyrin derivative with binary properties of PDT and W‐RPAT, is designed and synthesized for the first time. The nanoparticles (NPs) of TPP‐O‐PEG5 encapsulated with DSPE‐mPEG2000, an amphiphilic polymer approved by Food and Drug Administration, can simultaneously produce reactive oxygen species and H+ under irradiation of a 660 nm laser, and revert the H+ back under darkness, presenting strong phototoxicity to multiple tumor cell lines with no obvious difference between the IC50 values tested under normoxic (≈20% O2) and hypoxic (<0.5% O2) conditions. Excitingly, in vivo experiments show that the therapeutic effect of TPP‐O‐PEG5 NPs on large hypoxic tumors is better than that of NPe6, a clinical porphin PDT drug. This work provides a novel strategy for porphyrin photosensitizers to break through the limitation of hypoxic environment, and significantly improve the phototherapeutic effect on hypoxic tumors.
MOF@COF Nanocapsules Enhance Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treatment: Synergistic Effects of Photodynamic Therapy and PARP Inhibition on Tumor Growth Suppression and Immune Response Activation
Authors: Tai Yi , Chen Zhihao , Luo Tianqi , Luo Bingling , Deng Chuangzhong , Lu Zhenhai , Wen Shijun , Wang Jin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly malignant tumors with limited treatment options owing to their heterogeneity and resistance to conventional therapies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and poly‐ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have shown potential for STS treatment, with PDT being effective for sarcomas located on the extremities and body surface and PARPi targeting defects in homologous recombination repair. To address the limitations of PDT and harness the potential of PARPi, herein, a novel therapeutic approach for STS treatment combining nanocapsules bearing integrated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), i.e., MOF@COF, with PDT and PARPi is proposed. Nanocapsules are designed, referred to as ZTN@COF@poloxamer, which contain a Zr‐based MOF and tetrakis (4‐carbethoxyphenyl) porphyrin as a photosensitizer, are coated with a COF to improve the sensitizing properties, and are loaded with niraparib to inhibit DNA repair. Experiments demonstrate that this new nanocapsules treatment significantly inhibits STS growth, promotes tumor cell apoptosis, exhibits high antitumor activity with minimal side effects, activates the immune response of the tumor, and inhibits lung metastasis in vivo. Therefore, MOF@COF nanocapsules combined with PARPi offer a promising approach for STS treatment, with the potential to enhance the efficacy of PDT and prevent tumor recurrence.
Revitalizing Ancient Mitochondria with Nano‐Strategies: Mitochondria‐Remedying Nanodrugs Concentrate on Disease Control
Authors: Long Xingyu , Liu Min , Nan Yayun , Chen Qiaohui , Xiao Zuoxiu , Xiang Yuting , Ying Xiaohong , Sun Jian , Huang Qiong , Ai Kelong 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMitochondria, widely known as the energy factories of eukaryotic cells, have a myriad of vital functions across diverse cellular processes. Dysfunctions within mitochondria serve as catalysts for various diseases, prompting widespread cellular demise. Mounting research on remedying damaged mitochondria indicates that mitochondria constitute a valuable target for therapeutic intervention against diseases. But the less clinical practice and lower recovery rate imply the limitation of traditional drugs, which need a further breakthrough. Nanotechnology has approached favorable regiospecific biodistribution and high efficacy by capitalizing on excellent nanomaterials and targeting drug delivery. Mitochondria‐remedying nanodrugs have achieved ideal therapeutic effects. This review elucidates the significance of mitochondria in various cells and organs, while also compiling mortality data for related diseases. Correspondingly, nanodrug‐mediate therapeutic strategies and applicable mitochondria‐remedying nanodrugs in disease are detailed, with a full understanding of the roles of mitochondria dysfunction and the advantages of nanodrugs. In addition, the future challenges and directions are widely discussed. In conclusion, this review provides comprehensive insights into the design and development of mitochondria‐remedying nanodrugs, aiming to help scientists who desire to extend their research fields and engage in this interdisciplinary subject.
Efficiency Roll‐Off in Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Ràfols‐Ribé Joan , Mindemark Jonas , Tang Shi , Lindh Mattias , Gracia‐Espino Eduardo , Larsen Christian , Edman Ludvig 
Published: January 2024

AbstractUnderstanding “efficiency roll‐off” (i.e., the drop in emission efficiency with increasing current) is critical if efficient and bright emissive technologies are to be rationally designed. Emerging light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) can be cost‐ and energy‐efficiently fabricated by ambient‐air printing by virtue of the in situ formation of a p‐n junction doping structure. However, this in situ doping transformation renders a meaningful efficiency analysis challenging. Herein, a method for separation and quantification of major LEC loss factors, notably the outcoupling efficiency and exciton quenching, is presented. Specifically, the position of the emissive p‐n junction in common singlet‐exciton emitting LECs is measured to shift markedly with increasing current, and the influence of this shift on the outcoupling efficiency is quantified. It is further verified that the LEC‐characteristic high electrochemical‐doping concentration renders singlet‐polaron quenching (SPQ) significant already at low drive current density, but also that SPQ increases super‐linearly with increasing current, because of increasing polaron density in the p‐n junction region. This results in that SPQ dominates singlet‐singlet quenching for relevant current densities, and significantly contributes to the efficiency roll‐off. This method for deciphering the LEC efficiency roll‐off can contribute to a rational realization of all‐printed LEC devices that are efficient at highluminance.