bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noisy-channel language comprehension in aphasia: A Bayesian mixture modeling approach
Authors: Ryskin Rachel , Gibson Edward , Kiran Swathi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Individuals with “agrammatic” receptive aphasia have long been known to rely on semantic plausibility rather than syntactic cues when interpreting sentences. In contrast to early interpretations of this pattern as indicative of a deficit in syntactic knowledge, a recent proposal views agrammatic comprehension as a case of “noisy-channel” language processing with an increased expectation of noise in the input relative to healthy adults. Here, we investigate the nature of the noise model in aphasia and whether it is adapted to the statistics of the environment. We first replicate findings that a) healthy adults (N = 40) make inferences about the intended meaning of a sentence by weighing the prior probability of an intended sentence against the likelihood of a noise corruption and b) their estimate of the probability of noise increases when there are more errors in the input (manipulated via exposure sentences). We then extend prior findings that adults with chronic post-stroke aphasia (N = 28) and healthy age-matched adults (N = 19) similarly engage in noisy-channel inference during comprehension. We use a hierarchical latent mixture modeling approach to account for the fact that rates of guessing are likely to differ between healthy controls and individuals with aphasia and capture individual differences in the tendency to make inferences. We show that individuals with aphasia are more likely than healthy controls to draw noisy-channel inferences when interpreting semantically implausible sentences, even when group differences in the tendency to guess are accounted for. While healthy adults rapidly adapt their inference rates to an increase in noise in their input, whether individuals with aphasia do the same remains equivocal. Further investigation of comprehension through a noisy-channel lens holds promise for a parsimonious understanding of language processing in aphasia and may suggest potential avenues for treatment.
Clearing in financial networks with constrained equal awards
Authors: Shafransky Ya. M. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives. Financial networks with a rule of constrained equal awards for the distribution of the agent’s estate between its creditors are considered. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for constructing greatest clearing matrices for such networks under zero cash reserves of all agents.Methods. Graph theory and mathematical programming methods are used.Results. A polynomial-time algorithm for constructing the greatest clearing matrices for financial networks with a rule of constrained equal awards for the distribution of the agent's estate between its creditors is proposed. It is assumed that the cash reserves of each agent are equal to zero (funds received from other agents are distributed among creditors). The algorithm is based on the use of the identified properties of weighted strongly connected graphs. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained under which the greatest clearing matrix is different from zero at zero cash reserves of agents'.Conclusion. The developed approach can be used in constructing clearing algorithms for financial networks with other rules for distributing the agent’s estate between its creditors.
Extreme Scale Height Variations and Nozzle Shocks in Warped Disks
Authors: Kaaz Nicholas , Lithwick Yoram , Liska Matthew , Tchekhovskoy Alexander 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Accretion disks around both stellar-mass and supermassive black holes (BHs) are likely often warped. Whenever a disk is warped, its scale height varies with azimuth. Sufficiently strong warps cause extreme compressions of the scale height, which fluid parcels “bounce” off of twice per orbit to high latitudes. We study the dynamics of strong warps using (i) the nearly analytic “ring theory” of Fairbairn & Ogilvie, which we generalize to the Kerr metric, and (ii) three-dimensional general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of tori (“rings”) around BHs, using the H-AMR code. We initialize a ring with a warp and study its evolution on tens of orbital periods. The simulations agree excellently with the ring theory until the warp amplitude, ψ, reaches a critical value ψ
c. When ψ > ψ
c, the rings enter the bouncing regime. We analytically derive (and numerically validate) that

ψ

c

≈

(
r
/

r

g

)

−
1
/
2

in the non-Keplerian regime, where r
g = GM/c
2 is the gravitational radius, and M is the mass of the central object. Whenever the scale height bounces, the vertical velocity becomes supersonic, leading to “nozzle shocks” as gas collides at the scale height minima. Nozzle shocks damp the warp within ≈10–20 orbits, which is not captured by the ring theory. Nozzle shock dissipation leads to inflow timescales 1–2 orders of magnitude shorter than unwarped α disks, which may result in rapid variability, such as in changing-look active galactic nuclei or in the soft state of X-ray binaries. We propose that steady disks with strong warps may self-regulate to have amplitudes near ψ
c.
3D Convective Urca Process in a Simmering White Dwarf
Authors: Boyd Brendan , Calder Alan , Townsley Dean , Zingale Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A proposed setting for thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernovae is a white dwarf that has gained mass from a companion to the point of carbon ignition in the core. In the early stages of carbon burning, called the simmering phase, energy released by the reactions in the core drive the formation and growth of a core convection zone. One aspect of this phase is the convective Urca process, a linking of weak nuclear reactions to convection, which may alter the composition and structure of the white dwarf. The convective Urca process is not well understood and requires 3D fluid simulations to properly model the turbulent convection, an inherently 3D process. Because the neutron excess of the fluid both sets and is set by the extent of the convection zone, the realistic steady state can only be determined in simulations with real 3D mixing processes. Additionally, the convection is relatively slow (Mach number less than 0.005) and thus a low Mach number method is needed to model the flow over many convective turnovers. Using the MAESTROeX low Mach number hydrodynamic software, we present the first full-star 3D simulations of the A = 23 convective Urca process, spanning hundreds of convective turnover times. Our findings on the extent of mixing across the Urca shell, the characteristic velocities of the flow, the energy-loss rates due to neutrino emission, and the structure of the convective boundary can be used to inform 1D stellar models that track the longer-timescale evolution.
The MBH–M∗ Relation up to z ∼ 2 through Decomposition of COSMOS-Web NIRCam Images
Authors: Tanaka Takumi S. , Silverman John D. , Ding Xuheng , Jahnke Knud , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Lambrides Erini , Onoue Masafusa , Andika Irham Taufik , Bongiorno Angela , Faisst Andreas L. , Gillman Steven , Hayward Christopher C. , Hirschmann Michaela , Koekemoer Anton , Kokorev Vasily , Liu Zhaoxuan , Magdis Georgios E. , Renzini Alvio , Casey Caitlin , Drakos Nicole E. , Franco Maximilien , Gozaliasl Ghassem , Kartaltepe Jeyhan , Liu Daizhong , McCracken Henry Joy , Rhodes Jason , Robertson Brant , Toft Sune 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Our knowledge of relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z ≳ 1 is still limited, even though being actively sought out to z ∼ 6. Here, we use the high resolution and sensitivity of JWST to measure the host galaxy properties for 107 X-ray-selected type-I active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at 0.68 < z < 2.5 with rest-frame optical/near-infrared imaging from COSMOS-Web and PRIMER. Black hole masses (

log

M

BH

/

M

⊙

∼
6.9

−

9.6

) are available from previous spectroscopic campaigns. We extract the host galaxy components from four NIRCam broadband images and the Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys F814W image by applying a 2D image decomposition technique. We detect the host galaxy for ∼90% of the sample after subtracting the unresolved AGN emission. With host photometry free of AGN emission, we determine the stellar mass of the host galaxies to be

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

∼

9.5
−

11.6

through spectral energy distribution fitting and measure the evolution of the mass relation between SMBHs and their host galaxies. Considering selection biases and measurement uncertainties, we find that the M
BH/M
*ratio evolves as

1
+
z

0.4

8

−
0.62

+
0.31

thus remains essentially constant or exhibits mild evolution up to z ∼ 2.5. We also see an amount of scatter (

σ

μ

=
0.3

0

−
0.13

+
0.14

), similar to the local relation and consistent with low-z studies, and a noncausal cosmic assembly history where mergers contribute to the statistical averaging toward the local relation is still feasible. We highlight improvements to come with larger samples from JWST and, particularly, Euclid, which will exceed the statistical power of current wide and deep surveys.
Identifying Galactic Substructures in 5D Space Using All-sky RR Lyrae Stars in Gaia DR3
Authors: Sun Shenglan , Wang Fei , Zhang Huawei , Xue Xiang-Xiang , Huang Yang , Zhang Ruizhi , Rix Hans-Walter , Li Xinyi , Liu Gaochao , Zhang Lan , Yang Chengqun , Zhang Shuo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Motivated by the vast gap between photometric and spectroscopic data volumes, there is great potential in using 5D kinematic information to identify and study substructures of the Milky Way. We identify substructures in the Galactic halo using 46,575 RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) from Gaia Data Release 3, with photometric metallicities and distances newly estimated by X.-Y. Li et al. Assuming a Gaussian prior distribution of radial velocity, we calculate the orbital distribution characterized by the integrals of motion for each RRL, based on its 3D positions, proper motions, and corresponding errors, and then apply the friends-of-friends algorithm to identify groups moving along similar orbits. We have identified several known substructures, including the Sagittarius stream, the Hercules-Aquila Cloud (HAC), the Virgo Overdensity (VOD), Gaia-Enceladus-Sausage (GES), the Orphan-Chenab stream, Cetus-Palca, the Helmi streams, Sequoia, Wukong, and the Large Magellanic Cloud leading arm, as well as 18 unknown groups. Our findings indicate that the HAC and VOD have kinematic and chemical properties remarkably similar to GES, with most HAC and VOD members exhibiting eccentricity as high as GES, suggesting that they may share a common origin with GES. The ability to identify low-mass and spatially dispersed substructures further demonstrates the potential of our method, which breaks the limit of spectroscopic surveys and is competent for probing substructures throughout the whole Galaxy. Finally, we also identify 18 unknown groups with good spatial clustering and proper-motion consistency, suggesting the possibility of further excavation of Milky Way substructures in the future with only 5D data.
A New Interpretation for the Hot Corona in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Zhao Yu , Li Yan-Rong , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This work attempts to provide a new interpretation for the hot corona in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). A thin parabolic magnetic reconnection layer, anchored at the innermost disk and extending along the boundary of the magnetic tower for a few tens of gravitational radii, serves as a hard-X-ray source above the disk. Within this reconnection layer, the tearing instability leads to the formation of a chain of plasmoids, which contain relativistic electrons that generate X-ray radiation through inverse-Compton (IC) scattering of soft photons emitted by the accretion disk. Based on previous theoretical works and numerical simulations, we develop a heuristic framework to parameterize the geometry and magnetization of the reconnection layer, as well as to compute both the power of the IC-scattering radiation and the height of the reconnection layer. Our model allows for a quantitative investigation of the relation between the height of the corona and the X-ray radiation luminosity, which can be directly compared against the observed relation from X-ray reverberation mapping of individual AGNs. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the observations of IRAS 13224-3809, indicating the validation of our model.
Palm community structure association with topography, hydrography and forest density in a remote site in the Iriri river valley, Eastern Amazon
Authors: von Schmalz Karin Elisabeth , Hernandez Ruz Emil José , Araujo de Souza Dilailson , de Oliveira Jr. Angelino Pereira , De Pinho Alvarez Wellington , Salm Rodolfo 
Published: January 2025

Background and aims &ndash; Palms (Arecaceae) are crucial to Amazonian ecosystems, contributing to biodiversity, ecosystem services, and forest resilience, and providing non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for local populations. This study investigated how topography, hydrography, and forest density influence palm community structure in a remote Eastern Amazon site, addressing knowledge gaps in this region.
Material and methods &ndash; A field survey was conducted in 100 plots along a 5 km transect within the Riozinho do Anfr&iacute;sio Extractive Reserve, Par&aacute;, Brazil. Palm species were identified, and topographic and hydrographic data, including NDVI, altitude, proximity to permanent and intermittent streams, and terrain characteristics were collected. Species richness and composition were analysed using Redundancy Analysis (RDA), general linear models (GLM), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bayesian regression models.
Key results &ndash; Eighteen palm species were recorded, dominated by Attalea speciosa, Geonoma baculifera, and Euterpe longibracteata, providers of NTFPs. NDVI and altitude significantly influenced species composition, with denser forests favouring species such as G. baculifera, while others, such as A. speciosa, were found in less dense areas. The presence of igarap&eacute;s (shallow, slow Amazonian streams) was the strongest predictor of species richness and composition, favouring E. oleracea and G. baculifera.
Conclusion &ndash; Palm community structure in the study area was shaped by environmental gradients, particularly NDVI, terrain shape and proximity to igarap&eacute;s. These findings highlight the ecological importance of topographic and hydrographic features in structuring palm diversity and offer insights for conservation and management strategies in the Eastern Amazon.
Labour Mobility in the EU
Authors: Toplak Kristina , Vah Jevšnik Mojca 
Published: January 2025

The book Labour Mobility in the EU is an edited volume that explores a variety of existing and emerging challenges concerning labour mobility in the EU through the prism of different professions and mobile professionals. A multidisciplinary approach and the utilization of different methodologies pave the path for analytical discussions about the effects of intra-EU mobility, efficiency and equity of free mobility within the EU and multiple implications for individuals, states and national policies. Th­e book opens with a theoretical chapter, which provides an exhaustive insight into the mobility as a theoretical concept, policy agenda and fundamental European value. Next, the complex interplay of multiple and multi-level effects of labour mobility is illuminated through five case studies that outline the dilemmas, paradoxes, impacts and consequences of intra-EU mobility on the case of mobility of healthcare workers, artists and creative workers, posted workers, care workers and highly educated professionals. The contributing authors’ case studies are a result of longstanding scholarly research and active participation in a variety of projects relating to mobility.
Biti Slovenec v Argentini
Authors: Molek Nadia 
Published: January 2025

Nadia Molek offers an analysis of the complexity of identity processes of Argentine-Slovenians, which adresses a new contribuition to the historical, ethnological and anthropological researches about the Slovenian migration processes to Argentina.

Through an intensive ethnographic empirical research, autoetnography as well as anthropological analysis of secondary sources, the book looks to connect the different socio-cultural and historical-political circumstances that contextualized the diverse migration and integration processes of the Slovenians to Argentina with the different processes of clustering, grupal differentiation and identities. What does Slovenianess entail for the different migration flows? Do they share the feeling of belonging together to the same imagined community? These are the central research questions of a book that deals with the different configuration of Slovenianess and community structurations in Argentina. Molek looks to surpass the previous assimilationist interpretations of the immigration and identity processes of the Slovenians to Argentina. The aim of the book is to demonstrate that Slovenianess in Argentina is not »disappearing«, but it is a dynamic and heterogeneous, negotiated and reshaped by the actors in relational contextes.
Reimagining Ghana’s cities: Perspectives from the Bible and African Indigenous Sacred Texts
Authors: Mensah Michael K. 
Published: January 2025

Africa has some of the world’s fastest-growing cities. While urbanisation could be a sign of economic growth, the expansion of these cities is often done at the expense of social and environmental concerns. This article uses the Sacred Texts Approach of African Biblical Hermeneutics in studying Psalm 46. It argues that the two-fold threats to the City of God, namely the cosmic and the human, are the same threats to the cities in Ghana.Contribution: It demonstrates how the parallel reading of Psalm 46 and the Adinkra Fihankra contributes to the re-imagination of the city as a common household, a space of cosmic and social harmony in Africa.
$p$-adic Simpson correspondence via prismatic crystals
Authors: Min Yu , Wang Yupeng 
Published: January 2025

Let

\mathfrak{X}

be a smooth

p

-adic formal scheme over

\mathcal{O}_{K}

with adic generic fibre

X

. We obtain a global equivalence between the category

\def\Prism{\vartriangle\hspace*{-3.9pt}{\tiny\vartriangle}}
\mathrm{Vect}((\mathfrak{X})_{\Prism},\overline{\mathcal{O}}_{{\Prism}}[\frac{1}{p}])\quad

of rational Hodge–Tate crystals on the absolute prismatic site

\def\Prism{\vartriangle\hspace*{-3.9pt}{\tiny\vartriangle}}
(\mathfrak{X})_{\Prism}

and the category

\mathrm{HIG}^{\mathrm{nil}}_{*}(X)

of enhanced Higgs bundles on

X

. Along the way, we construct an inverse Simpson functor from

\mathrm{HIG}^{\mathrm{nil}}_{*}(X)

to the category

\mathrm{Vect}(X_{\text{pro\'{e}t}},\widehat{\mathcal{O}}_{X})

of generalised representations on

X

, which turns out to be fully faithful.
Analisa Pengaruh Guest Experience terhadap Guest Satisfaction pada Hotel Majapahit Surabaya Managed by Accorhotels
Authors: Remiasa Marcus , Chandra Laurensia Giovanni , Koentjoro Deska Andriani 
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of guest experience on guest satisfaction at Hotel Majapahit Surabaya Managed by AccorHotels. The research sample consisted of 105 respondents who were drawn using the purposive sampling technique. The respondents were guests who had stayed at Hotel Majapahit Surabaya Managed by AccorHotels. The research hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression analysis techniques with the help of SPSS version 23. In this study, the dependent variable is guest experience, consisting of 3 components, namely Service product, Servicescape and Service Delivery System, and the independent variable is guest satisfaction which is measured by a likert scale of 1 to 5. The results of this study prove that: 1) overall guest experience has an effect on guest satisfaction, 2) Servicescape has a positive and significant effect on guest satisfaction and. 3) Service products and Service Delivery System have no effect on guest satisfaction.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CHHURPI PRODUCTION ON FARMERS’ LIVELIHOOD
Authors: Sapkota Khila Nath , Khatiwada Binita 
Published: January 2025

This study explores the economic impact of chhurpi production on the livelihoods of rural farmers in Kalinchowk Rural Municipality ward no. 1, Dolakha District, Nepal. Employing a descriptive research design and a census method, 22 chhurpi producers were selected as informants. Data were gathered through questionnaires, interviews, and observations, supplemented by secondary data from literature reviews. The findings reveal that chhurpi production significantly contributes to boosting the income of farmers, with active participation from both men and women in the production process. Despite its economic benefits, the study identifies challenges such as transportation difficulties, climate change, and insufficient income, which compel farmers to diversify their earnings through ghee, cheese, and agricultural activities. The research underscores the vital role of chhurpi in sustaining rural livelihoods and advocates for enhanced government support and improved infrastructure to ensure the long-term viability of this traditional industry.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0729/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
AZERBAIJANI MODEL OF CHILDREN’S PARTICIPATION: THE STORY BEHIND CHILDREN’S PARTICIPATIONS
Authors: Aghayev Aydin 
Published: January 2025

This paper endeavors to delve into the governmental strategy concerning the implementation and advocacy of children’s rights in Azerbaijan. Within this context, the paper specifically investigates the pivotal role played by child ambassadors in furthering the understanding of children’s rights within the Azerbaijan Republic. The establishment of the 'Child Ambassadors Council' stands as a new and significant facet of the government's policy aimed at safeguarding, implementing, and advancing children’s rights. This article delves into an exploration of the cultural values that underpin the understanding of the '3Ps'—Protection, Provision, and Participation—in the unique context of Azerbaijan. The article explores the gaps in the child policy of the Azerbaijan Republic and tries to explore the failure of the applied children’s participation model in Azerbaijan.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0731/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>