bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Risk of Systemic Relapses Associated With Bone Marrow Micrometastasis and Circulating Tumor Cells in Localized Ewing Tumor
Authors: Schleiermacher Gudrun , Peter Martine , Oberlin Odile , Philip Thierry , Rubie Hervé , Mechinaud Françoise , Sommelet-Olive Danièle , Landman-Parker Judith , Bours Danièle , Michon Jean , Delattre Olivier 
Published: December 2002

Purpose: The presence of metastasis is a major prognostic factor in Ewing tumor (ET). The relapse pattern of patients with localized tumors has long indicated that cases with disseminated ET cells escape detection at diagnosis. ET cells are characterized by specific gene fusions that can be detected with high sensitivity and specificity by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Patients and Methods: RT-PCR targeting EWS-FLI-1 or EWS-ERG transcripts was used to search for occult tumor cells in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) at diagnosis in 172 patients with ET, and the prognostic significance of this parameter was assessed. Results: As we suggested previously in a smaller series of patients, RT-PCR positivity of the BM was correlated with a high risk of adverse outcome in the overall study population (P = .007). More interestingly, among patients with otherwise localized tumors, BM micrometastasis also predicted significantly poorer disease-free survival rates (P = .043). The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) was more frequently observed in patients with large tumors (P = .006). CTC were associated with a poor outcome among patients with clinically localized disease (P = .045). Patients with clinically localized disease and peripheral occult tumor cells as evidenced by BM and/or PB RT-PCR positivity had axial or proximal tumors and experienced relapses at a systemic rather than at a local level. Conclusion: Patients with localized ET and BM micrometastasis or CTC are comparable to patients with metastases in terms of the localization of the primary tumor, outcome, and relapse pattern.
Preoperative Therapy With Trastuzumab and Paclitaxel Followed by Sequential Adjuvant Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide for HER2 Overexpressing Stage II or III Breast Cancer: A Pilot Study
Authors: Burstein Harold J. , Harris Lyndsay N. , Gelman Rebecca , Lester Susan C. , Nunes Raquel A. , Kaelin Carolyn M. , Parker Leroy M. , Ellisen Leif W. , Kuter Irene , Gadd Michele A. , Christian Roger L. , Kennedy Patricia Rae , Borges Virginia F. , Bunnell Craig A. , Younger Jerry , Smith Barbara L. , Winer Eric P. 
Published: December 2002

Purpose: Trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy improves outcomes for women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpressing advanced breast cancer. We conducted a pilot study of preoperative trastuzumab and paclitaxel, followed by surgery and adjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in earlier stage breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Patients with HER2-positive (2+ or 3+ by immunohistochemistry) stage II or III breast cancer received preoperative trastuzumab (4 mg/kg × 1, then 2 mg/kg/wk × 11) in combination with paclitaxel (175 mg/m2 every 3 weeks × 4). Patients received adjuvant doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy following definitive breast surgery. Clinical and pathologic response rates were determined after preoperative therapy. Left ventricular ejection fraction and circulating levels of HER2 extracellular domain were measured serially. Results: Preoperative trastuzumab and paclitaxel achieved clinical response in 75% and complete pathologic response in 18% of the 40 women on study. HER2 3+ tumors were more likely to respond than 2+ tumors (84% v 38%). No unexpected treatment-related noncardiac toxicity was encountered. Four patients developed grade 2 cardiotoxicity (asymptomatic declines in left ventricular ejection fraction). Baseline HER2 extracellular domain was elevated in 24% of patients and declined with preoperative therapy. Immunohistochemical analyses of posttherapy tumor specimens indicated varying patterns of HER2 expression following trastuzumab-based treatment. Conclusion: Preoperative trastuzumab and paclitaxel is active against HER2 overexpressing early-stage breast cancer and may be feasible as part of a sequential treatment program including anthracyclines. The observed changes in cardiac function merit further investigation. Correlative analyses of HER2 status may facilitate understanding of tumor response and resistance to targeted therapy.
Prognostic Factors and Clinical Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Metastatic Rhabdomyosarcoma—A Report From the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study IV
Authors: Breneman John C. , Lyden Elizabeth , Pappo Alberto S. , Link Michael P. , Anderson James R. , Parham David M. , Qualman Stephen J. , Wharam Moody D. , Donaldson Sarah S. , Maurer Harold M. , Meyer William H. , Baker K. Scott , Paidas Charles N. , Crist William M. 
Published: December 2002

Purpose: To identify risk factors associated with outcomes in children with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) treated on the fourth Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS-IV). Patients and Methods: Patients with metastatic RMS were treated with one of two regimens that incorporated a window of either ifosfamide and etoposide (IE) with vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) or vincristine, melphalan (VM) and VAC. Study end points were failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS). Clinical factors including age, histology, sites of primary and metastatic disease, and number of sites of metastatic disease were correlated with those end points. Results: One hundred twenty-seven patients were eligible for analysis. The estimated 3-year OS and FFS for all patients were 39% and 25%, respectively. By univariate analysis, 3-year OS was significantly influenced by histology (47% for embryonal v 34% for all others, P = .026) and increasing number of metastatic sites (P = .028). By multivariate analysis, the presence of two or fewer metastatic sites was the only significant predictor (P = .007 and .006, respectively). The combination of embryonal histology with two or fewer metastatic sites identified a subgroup with 3-year FFS of 40% and OS of 47%. Conclusion: Children with group IV RMS treated on the IRS-IV study had improved OS and FFS if they had two or fewer metastatic sites and embryonal histology. This favorable subset of patients has outcomes approaching those observed in selected patients with localized, nonmetastatic disease. Thus, these patients might not be appropriate candidates for regimens that include experimental agents with substantial toxicities or unproven antitumor activity.
Thermodynamic determination of β‐hexosaminidase isoenzymes in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocyte populations
Authors: Casal J. Antonio , Chabás Amparo , Tutor J. Carlos 
Published: December 2002

AbstractIsoenzymes of β‐hexosaminidase (Hex) were determined in mononuclear (MN) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes, with a thermodynamic method using the chromogenic substrate sodio‐3,3′‐dichlorophenolsulfonphthaleinyl N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminide. Imprecision was very satisfactory, and the results are very much in agreement with those obtained using the fluorogenic substrates 4‐methylumbelliferyl N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminide and 4‐methylumbelliferyl N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminide 6‐sulfate. In 163 healthy individuals we found, for the proportion as a percentage of the Hex A isoenzyme, significantly higher values (P < 0.001) in PMN than in MN cells (71.56 ± 0.30% vs. 54.28 ± 0.24%), meaning that it would not appear advisable to use total leukocyte lysates for evaluating this variable. The method is fast, precise, and highly suitable for the biochemical diagnosis and heterozygote screening of GM2 gangliosidoses, and would be applicable in cases of thermolabile Hex B and for detecting the B1 variant. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transcriptionally mediated gene targeting of gas1 to glioma cells elicits growth arrest and apoptosis
Authors: Zamorano Absalom , Lamas Mónica , Vergara Paula , Naranjo José R. , Segovia José 
Published: December 2002

AbstractInduction of growth arrest‐specific genes (gas1) prevents cell proliferation and/or leads to apoptosis in different cell types. In neurons, it has been recently reported that mild excitotoxic neuronal death is associated with gas1 induction, and that overexpression of Gas1 induces apoptosis in terminally differentiated neurons or in proliferating neuroblastoma cells. In the present study, we have analysed the effects of the transcriptionally mediated targeting of gas1 to C6 rat glioma cells. Expression of Gas1 decreased glial proliferation and induced C6 cell apoptosis. While the identity of the caspase(s) responsible for Gas1‐induced apoptosis in neurons has remained elusive, in C6 glioma cells, overexpression of Gas1 reproducibly activated caspase‐3. Our results support the concept of targeted expression of gas1 as a potentially useful gene therapy strategy in the treatment of human gliomas. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Structure and Morphotectonics of the Gesher Benot Ya'aqov Area, Northern Dead Sea Rift, Israel
Authors: Belitzky Shmuel 
Published: December 2002

AbstractGeological, geomorphological, and morphotectonic studies at the Gesher Benot Ya'aqov Acheulean site, Northern Jordan Valley, provide: 1) a unique opportunity to establish the ecological background of hominid behavior during the early stages of widespread human occupation; 2) crucial data for understanding the paleo-environment and the various processes that affected the area near the Gesher Benot Ya'aqov site; and 3) a basis for further comprehensive research in the region.Quaternary tectonic activity near the Acheulean archeological site has produced a complex local setting that controls the surrounding landscape. Tectonic activity formed the Benot Ya'aqov embayment, which attracted hominids and a variety of other fauna. Sediments of the Benot Ya'akov formation deposited in the embayment facilitated excellent preservation of the remnants of Acheulean hominid activities and of abundant floral and faunal remains. The formation was subsequently affected by faulting and folding. Local uplift ended the deposition of lacustrine sediments in the embayment of Hula Valley Basin and caused erosion and vertical incision of the Jordan River that resulted in the capture of the Rosh Pinna River and the exposure of the Benot Ya'akov formation. These deposits are found in different structural positions along the north–south oriented morphotectonic embayment. The outcrops contain numerous archeological sites, giving the study area an unusually high potential for future hominid discoveries.
Impact of the Late Glacial Eruption of the Laacher See Volcano, Central Rhineland, Germany
Authors: Baales Michael , Jöris Olaf , Street Martin , Bittmann Felix , Weninger Bernhard , Wiethold Julian 
Published: December 2002

AbstractWithin a period of a few weeks toward the end of the Allerød Interstadial, the major Plinian eruption of the Laacher See volcano produced some 20 km3of eruptiva, covering and preserving the late-glacial landscape in the German Central Rhineland over an area of more than 1000 km2. Correlation of terrestrial archives with the Greenland ice-core records and improved calibration of the radiocarbon timescale permit a precise, accurate age determination of the Laacher See event some 200 yr before the onset of the Younger Dryas cold episode. Carbonized trees and botanical macrofossils preserved by Laacher See Tephra permit detailed regional paleoenvironmental reconstruction and show that open woodland were typical for the cool and humid hemiboreal climatic conditions during the late Allerød. This woodland provided the habitat for a large variety of animal species, documented at both paleontological and Final Paleolithic archeological sites preserved below Laacher See deposits. Of special interest are numerous animal tracks intercalated in Middle Laacher See deposits at the south of the Neuwied Basin. This knowledge may help to evaluate possible supraregional impacts of this volcanic event on northern hemispheric environment and climate during the late Allerød.
Morphological Chronoclines among Late Pleistocene Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus: Muridae, Rodentia) from Northern Florida
Authors: Mihlbachler Matthew C. , Hemmings C. Andrew , Webb S. David 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is presumed to have undergone a rapid phyletic size decrease near the end of the Pleistocene. Evolutionary changes in the size of middle to late Wisconsinan (ca. 32,000–12,30014C yr B.P.) muskrats from the Aucilla River, Jefferson County, Florida, were reconstructed by examining length and width of the lower first molar (m1). Body mass, estimated from m1 length, was relatively stable from 32,000 to 16,00014C yr B.P. and decreased only slightly by 12,30014C yr B.P. If the size trend found in the Aucilla River material is characteristic of the southeastern United States, a body size decrease after 12,30014C yr B.P. is needed to explain the smaller size of modern populations. It was previously thought that the length/width (l/w) ratio of the muskrat m1 was a paleoenvironmental indicator based on its presumed correlation with latitude in modern populations. We examined the length and width of modern muskrats from several geographic regions and found only a very weak trend in the size of the m1 between northern and southern populations; however, highly significant differences were found between regions of similar latitude. Our data indicate that chronoclines in the m1 of the Aucilla muskrat material and other such documented trends among fossil muskrats have paleoenvironmental significance, but it is not yet clear which environmental variables can best be predicted from them.
Screening for domestic violence among patients admitted to a French emergency service
Authors: Lejoyeux Michel , Zillhardt Patrick , Chièze François , Fichelle Anika , Mc Loughlin Mary , Poujade Astrid , Adès Jean 
Published: December 2002

SummaryObjective.The authors assessed the prevalence of domestic violence among patients examined in the emergency service of a general hospital. They compared the socio-demographic status and psychiatric comorbidity of victims of domestic violence and other patients.Method.An assessment was made on 126 consecutive patients received by the emergency service of Bichat-Claude Bernard hospital (Paris, France). Assessment of domestic violence was made through the use of a specific questionnaire.Results.The prevalence rate of domestic violence was 18% among patients examined by the emergency service. Thirty-five percent of the cases were physical violence, 22% sexual violence, 17% psychological violence and 26% multiple forms of domestic violence. Domestic violence had been going on for less than 1 month in only one case. In 74% of the cases, violence lasted for more than 1 year. No differences were found in terms of socio-demographic characteristics (age, marital status, rate of unemployment, sex ratio) and psychiatric comorbidity between victims of domestic violence and others.Conclusion.Patients seen in an emergency service must be identified as a population at risk for domestic violence (18%). These situations can be identified only by a systematic assessment using a standardized questionnaire.
Prolidase deficiency diagnosed by 1H NMR spectroscopy of urine
Authors: Moolenaar S. H. , Engelke U. F. H. , Abeling N. G. G. M. , Mandel H. , Duran M. , Wevers R. A. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThree urine samples from two prolidase‐deficient patients were analysed using 1H NMR spectroscopy. One‐dimensional 1H NMR spectra showed a characteristic pattern of overlapping resonances of the proline and hydroxyproline protons of the imidodipeptides. The model compounds Ala‐Pro, Gly‐Pro, Phe‐Pro, Leu‐Pro, Val‐Pro, Gly‐Hyp and Pro‐Hyp were measured as well. The non‐proline resonances of Val‐Pro, Ala‐Pro and Gly‐Pro could be assigned in the urine spectra. These resonances could then be used for quantification of the corresponding imidodipeptids. The presence of Leu‐Pro in the patients' urine was demonstrated by the results of COSY experiments. However, this imidodipeptide could not be quantified owing to overlap of the resonaces in the one‐dimensional 1H NMR spectrum of the patients' urine. Phe‐Pro, Pro‐Hyp and Gly‐Hyp could not be assigned in the spectrum of the patient's urine. The characteristic resonances in the urine from a prolidase‐deficient patient, i.e. Ala‐Pro, Val‐Pro, Gly‐Pro, and resonances of the (hydroxy)proline part of the imidodipeptides can be used to diagnose this disease.
Social support and problem‐solving as moderators of the relationship between childhood abuse and suicidality: Applications to a delinquent population
Authors: Esposito Christianne L. , Clum George A. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between childhood abuse, social support, and problem‐solving appraisal within a juvenile delinquent sample. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to assess whether childhood abuse, social support, and problem‐solving appraisal were independently predictive of suicidality, and further, whether problem‐solving appraisal and social support moderated the childhood abuse–suicidality relationship. Childhood sexual abuse was found to be an independent predictor of suicidal ideation and behavior. In addition, both problem‐solving confidence and social support moderated the relationship between childhood abuse and suicidal ideation. The results of this study underscore the importance of both problem‐solving appraisal and social support to suicidality in adolescents with a history of abuse.
Plasma Lysine Concentration and Availability of 2‐Ketoglutarate in Liver Mitochondria
Authors: Kamoun P. , Richard V. , Rabier D. , Saudubray J. M. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractDefects of lysine metabolism are rare, but hyperlysinemia is a concomitant of many inborn errors of metabolism, including urea cycle abnormalities, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria. We have hypothesized that mitochondrial lysine degradation is regulated by bioavailability of 2‐oxoglutarate in the same compartment, and our studies in physiologic fluid derived from patients with the above described disorders supports our hypothsis. Our data further suggest that patients with isolated L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria may have a defect in 2‐ketoglutarate metabolism. The current report summarizes our studies.
Molecular etiology of gut malformations and diseases
Authors: De Santa Barbara Pascal , Van Den Brink Gijs Robert , Roberts Drucilla Jane 
Published: December 2002

AbstractThis review describes recent advances using animal models in the analysis of the molecular controls of gastrointestinal development, with specific attention to mutations causing maldevelopment similar to those seen in human gut malformations. By focusing on specific human gut pathologic conditions and maldevelopment, we describe the probable roles of signaling pathways, including the hedgehog pathway, the bone morphogenic protein pathway, and the role of the homeotic genes. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromosomal abnormalities in human glioblastomas: Gain in chromosome 7p correlating with loss in chromosome 10q
Authors: del Mar Inda María , Fan Xing , Muñoz Jorge , Perot Christine , Fauvet Didier , Danglot Giselle , Palacio Ana , Madero Pilar , Zazpe Idoya , Portillo Eduardo , Tuñón Teresa , Martínez‐Peñuela José María , Alfaro Jorge , Eiras José , Bernheim Alain , Castresana Javier S. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractVarious genomic alterations have been detected in glioblastoma. Chromosome 7p, with the epidermal growth factor receptor locus, together with chromosome 10q, with the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted in chromosome 10 and deleted in malignant brain tumors‐1 loci, and chromosome 9p, with the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A locus, are among the most frequently damaged chromosomal regions in glioblastoma. In this study, we evaluated the genetic status of 32 glioblastomas by comparative genomic hybridization; the sensitivity of comparative genomic hybridization versus differential polymerase chain reaction to detect deletions at the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted in chromosome 10, deleted in malignant brain tumors‐1, and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A loci and amplifications at the cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 locus; the frequency of genetic lesions (gain or loss) at 16 different selected loci (including oncogenes, tumor‐suppressor genes, and proliferation markers) mapping on 13 different chromosomes; and the possible existence of a statistical association between any pair of molecular markers studied, to subdivide the glioblastoma entity molecularly. Comparative genomic hybridization showed that the most frequent region of gain was chromosome 7p, whereas the most frequent losses occurred on chromosomes 10q and 13q. The only statistically significant association was found for 7p gain and 10q loss. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Service utilisation and costs of first-contact patients in a community psychiatric service in Italy
Authors: Percudani Mauro , Fattore Giovanni , Belloni Gian Carlo , Gerzeli Simone , Contini Agostino 
Published: December 2002

SummaryThis study describes service utilisation under routine clinical activity and the costs of providing mental health care for 24 months for the whole population of 330 subjects who had first contact with the Magenta Community Mental Health Centre during one year. The mean age of patients was 42.5 years, and 61% were females. According to ICD 10 criteria, 7% were diagnosed as having schizophrenia, 22% mood disorders, 37% neurotic disorders, 15% personality disorders and 19% other diagnoses. The clinical routine activity was monitored for 24 months from the first contact for each patient. The mean cost for a schizophrenic patient is more than double that of other patients. In-patient activity and community services accounted, respectively, for 49.7% and 50.3% of the total costs. Total health care costs per patient differ widely according to whether patients had been hospitalised during the observation period. Patients with a previous psychiatric contact and a longer duration of illness were more costly than the other patients. Multiple regression analysis was used to assess the association between all the individual variables and costs. For the whole population, the model explains 50% of the cost variation. Higher treatment costs were positively associated with the presence of previous psychiatric contacts and referral to the CPS by other sources than a general practitioner, and negatively associated with age.
2001 SEYMOUR B. SARASON AWARD ADDRESS: The Spirit of Community Psychology
Authors: Kelly James G. 
Published: December 2002

AbstractCommunity psychology as a field may have lost some of its original spirit; a spirit dominant at the founding of the field. Spirit is a difficult concept to discuss since it is a concept beyond usual discourse in psychology as a denotative, measurable and verifiable concept. Taking the lead from William James, Spirit, however elusive, is most essential to a sense of self. I offer three suggestions to enhance and to make our individual and collective spirit more vital: (1) Continuing education in the history of community psychology; (2) Creating time to share stories about our work; (3) Creating safe settings to enlarge our spirit. These ideas are offered as pragmatic suggestions to enable us to create more coherence between our personal and professional selves.