bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral dynamics of conversation, (mis)communication and coordination in noisy environments
Authors: Miles Kelly , Weisser Adam , Kallen Rachel W. , Varlet Manuel , Richardson Michael J. , Buchholz Joerg M. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDuring conversations people coordinate simultaneous channels of verbal and nonverbal information to hear and be heard. But the presence of background noise levels such as those found in cafes and restaurants can be a barrier to conversational success. Here, we used speech and motion-tracking to reveal the reciprocal processes people use to communicate in noisy environments. Conversations between twenty-two pairs of typical-hearing adults were elicited under different conditions of background noise, while standing or sitting around a table. With the onset of background noise, pairs rapidly adjusted their interpersonal distance and speech level, with the degree of initial change dependent on noise level and talker configuration. Following thistransient phase, pairs settled into asustaining phasein which reciprocal speech and movement-based coordination processes synergistically maintained effective communication, again with the magnitude of stability of these coordination processes covarying with noise level and talker configuration. Finally, as communication breakdowns increased at high noise levels, pairs exhibitedresetting behaviorsto help restore communication—decreasing interpersonal distance and/or increasing speech levels in response to communication breakdowns. Approximately 78 dB SPL defined a threshold where behavioral processes were no longer sufficient for maintaining effective conversation and communication breakdowns rapidly increased.
Epidemiology of head injuries in pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents
Authors: Zohrevandi Behzad , Rad Enayatollah Homaie , Kouchakinejad-Eramsadati Leila , Imani Ghazaleh , Pourheravi Iman , Khodadadi-Hassankiadeh Naema 
Published: November 2023

AbstractDespite efforts of many countries to improve pedestrian safety, international reports show an upward trend in pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents. Although the most common cause of death of pedestrians is head injuries, there is a lack of knowledge on the epidemiology and characteristics of head injury in terms of the Glasgow Outcome Scale to be used for prevention. However, this study aimed to determine the epidemiology of pedestrian-motor vehicle accidents, the characteristics of head injury, and differences in the Glasgow Outcome Scale in terms of gender. In this retrospective analytical study, the data of 917 eligible injured pedestrians were obtained from the two databases of the Trauma System and the Hospital Information System. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Version 21). The mean age of all 917 injured pedestrians was 47.55 ± 19.47 years. Most of the injured pedestrians (42.10%) were in the age range of 41–69 years and 81.31% were male. Moreover, 83.07% did not have any acute lesions on the CT scan. The most common brain lesion was brain contusion (n = 33, 3.60%), subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 33, 3.60%), and skull fracture (n = 29, 3.16%). Among all concurrent injuries, lower extremity/pelvic injuries were observed in 216 patients (23.56%). Outpatient treatment (n = 782, 85.27%), airway control/endotracheal intubation (n = 57, 6.22%), and resuscitation (n = 35, 3.82%) were the most applied treatments respectively. There were significant differences in the Glasgow Outcome Scale between men and women (P- value = 0. 012). The high rate of mortalities, disability, head injuries, contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and skull fractures in pedestrians involved in MVAs emphasizes the need for developing and implementing prevention strategies including appropriate management and risk reduction. Male pedestrians were at higher risk of motor vehicle accidents and worse Glasgow Outcome Scale. The presented data identified the main types of pedestrian injuries and suggested the importance of adopting appropriate preventive strategies to achieve the most effective interventions for creating a safer community.
Surrogate-based optimization design for surface texture of helical pair in helical hydraulic rotary actuator
Authors: Liu Song , Li Baoren , Gan Runlin , Xu Yue , yang Gang 
Published: November 2023

AbstractA good surface texture design can effectively improve the tribological performance of the helical pair within a helical hydraulic rotary actuator(HHRA). However, the optimization design process can be time-consuming due to the multiple design variables involved and the complexity of the mathematical model. This paper proposes a modified efficient global optimization (MEGO) method for solving such demanding surface texture design challenges. The MEGO utilizes a Kriging model with the optimized Latin hypercube sampling (OLHS) for initial sampling and the proposed modified expected improvement (MEI) function for sequential sampling. A comparative study of several global optimization algorithms with the MEGO on the surface texture design is performed. Subsequently, surrogate-based optimization and parameter analysis are carried out, resulting in the identification of an optimal set of texture parameters. The findings reveal the superiority of the MEGO in both model prediction accuracy and refinement of minima. Moreover, compared to the base design, the friction coefficient can be reduced by up to 45.2%.
Recent changes in the upper oceanic water masses over the Indian Ocean using Argo data
Authors: Shee Abhijit , Sil Sourav , Gangopadhyay Avijit 
Published: November 2023

AbstractUtilizing Argo data from 2003 to 2019, we examine thermohaline changes in the Indian Ocean within the upper 700 m. Widespread warming is observed except in the Southern Indian Ocean. Increasing salinity is obtained over all regions except the Bay of Bengal and Southern Indian Ocean. Thermohaline trends in regional water masses at various depths are first decomposed into spice and heave components, and then linked to processes like pure heave, pure freshening and pure warming. Three consistent patterns across all seven regions are: (1) Below 300 m spice dominates heave; (2) The freshening process within the spice component is the primary driver below 300 m; (3) Spice primarily influences salinity changes along isobars. The warming of Arabian Sea’s Subsurface Minima and the Indian Equatorial Water are primarily dictated by spice and heave, respectively. Freshening of the Bay of Bengal Water is linked to heave changes under pure freshening and pure heave processes. In the upper 250 m of the western equatorial, southern Indian Ocean, and Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge, salinity rises due to spice under pure freshening. The southern Indian Ocean’s advected mode water shows freshening and cooling trends due to pure freshening.
Klotho inhibits IGF1R/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and protects the heart from oxidative stress during ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Olejnik Agnieszka , Radajewska Anna , Krzywonos-Zawadzka Anna , Bil-Lula Iwona 
Published: November 2023

AbstractIschemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of the heart involves the activation of oxidative and proapoptotic pathways. Simultaneously Klotho protein presents anti-aging, antiapoptotic and antioxidative properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of Klotho protein on oxidative stress in hearts subjected to IRI. Isolated rat hearts perfused with the Langendorff method were subjected to ischemia, followed by reperfusion, in the presence or absence of recombinant rat Klotho protein. The factors involved in the activation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R)/phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway were evaluated. IRI caused activation of the IGF1R (p = 0.0122)/PI3K (p = 0.0022) signalling, as compared to the aerobic control group. Infusion supply of Klotho protein during IRI significantly reduced the level of phospho-IGF1R (p = 0.0436), PI3K (p = 0.0218) and phospho-AKT (p = 0.0020). Transcriptional activity of forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3) was reduced (p = 0.0207) in hearts subjected to IRI, compared to aerobic control. Administration of Klotho decreased phosphorylation of FOXO3 (p = 0.0355), and enhanced activity of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.0452) and superoxide dismutase (p = 0.0060) in IRI + Klotho group. The levels of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) (p = 0.0480) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (p = 0.0460), and heart injury (p = 0.0005) were significantly increased in hearts from the IRI group in comparison to the aerobic group. Klotho reduced NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) (p = 0.0390), ROS/RNS (p = 0.0435) and H2O2 (p = 0.0392) levels, and heart damage (p = 0.0286) in the hearts subjected to IRI. In conclusion, Klotho contributed to the protection of the heart against IRI and oxidative stress via inhibition of the IGF1R/PI3K/AKT pathway, thus can be recognized as a novel cardiopreventive/cardioprotective agent.
Electrodeposited reduced graphene oxide-PEDOT:PSS/Nafion hybrid interface for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and serotonin
Authors: Ko Seung Hyeon , Kim Seung Wook , Lee Soo Hyun , Lee Yi Jae 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe electrochemically deposited reduced graphene oxide-PEDOT:PSS/Nafion (rGO-PP/NF) hybrid material has provided a favorable interface for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). The rGO-PP/NF onto the Au seed layer of the flexible substrate was simple, and it was followed by the sequential electrophoretic deposition of GO, reduction at the optimal pH buffer media, electropolymerization of EDOT:PSS, and Nafion coating. The strong electron-transport capacity between rGO-PEDOT:PSS and the negatively charged Nafion matrix might allow the highly sensitive, simultaneous, and selective detection of DA and 5-HT due to its high affinity for cations. In the results of the electrochemical response, well-separated oxidation peaks were observed in a mixture that contained various concentrations of DA and 5-HT. It showed the dynamic sensing of DA and 5-HT in the ranges of 0.5–75 μM and 0.05–50 μM, respectively, and the detection limits of 0.17 and 0.16 μM, respectively. In the mixture of DA and 5-HT, the sensor had a detection limit of 0.1 μM for 5-HT and DA, and its sensitivities of DA and 5-HT were 99.3 and 86 µA/µMcm2. Furthermore, it demonstrated high selectivity, reproducibility, stability, and a recovery property in the human serum spike test that was good enough for the practical use.
Novel nomogram for predicting paradoxical chest wall movement in patients with flail segment of traumatic rib fracture: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Seok Junepill , Jeong Soon Tak , Yoon Su Young , Lee Jin Young , Kim Seheon , Cho Hyunmin , Kang Wu Seong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractFlail chest is a severe injury to the chest wall and is related to adverse outcomes. A flail chest is classified as the physiologic, paradoxical motion of a chest wall or flail segment of rib fracture (RFX). We hypothesized that patients with paradoxical chest wall movement would present different clinical features from patients with a flail segment. This retrospective observational study included patients with blunt chest trauma who visited our level 1 trauma center between January 2019 and October 2022 and were diagnosed with one or more flail segments by computed tomography. The primary outcome of our study was a clinically diagnosed visible, paradoxical chest wall motion. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model to minimize overfitting. After a feature selection using the LASSO regression model, we constructed a multivariable logistic regression (MLR) model and nomogram. A total of five risk factors were selected in the LASSO model and applied to the multivariable logistic regression model. Of these, four risk factors were statistically significant: the total number of RFX (adjusted OR [aOR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.49;p = 0.002), number of segmental RFX including Grade III fractures (aOR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.14–2.79;p = 0.012), laterally located primary fracture lines (aOR, 4.00; 95% CI, 1.69–9.43;p = 0.002), and anterior–lateral flail segments (aOR, 4.20; 95% CI, 1.60–10.99;p = 0.004). We constructed a nomogram to predict the personalized probability of the flail motion. A novel nomogram was developed in patients with flail segments of traumatic RFX to predict paradoxical chest wall motion. The number of RFX, Grade III segmental RFX, and the location of the RFX were significant risk factors.
Update from a cohort study for birth defects in Hunan Province, China, 2010–2020
Authors: Zhou Xu , Cai Shenglan , Wang Hua , Fang Junqun , Gao Jie , Kuang Haiyan , Xie Donghua , He Jian , Wang Aihua 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo define the relationship between sex, residence, maternal age, and a broad range of birth defects by conducting a comprehensive cross-analysis based on up-to-date data. Data were obtained from the Birth Defects Surveillance System in Hunan Province, China, 2010–2020. Prevalences of birth defects (number of cases per 10,000 fetuses (births and deaths at 28 weeks of gestation and beyond)) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by sex, residence, maternal age, year, and 23 specific defects. Cross-analysis of sex, residence, and maternal age was conducted, and crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the association of each maternal characteristic with birth defects. A total of 1,619,376 fetuses and 30,596 birth defects were identified. The prevalence of birth defects was 188.94/10,000 (95% CI 186.82–191.05). Birth defects were more frequent in males than females (210.46 vs. 163.03/10,000, OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.27–1.33), in urban areas than in rural areas (223.61 vs. 162.90/10,000, OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.35–1.41), and in mothers ≥ 35 than mothers 25–29 (206.35 vs. 187.79/10,000, OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.14). Cross-analysis showed that the prevalence of birth defects was higher in urban females than in rural males (194.53 vs. 182.25/10,000), the difference in prevalence between males and females was more significant for maternal age < 20 compared to other age groups (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.37–1.95), and the prevalence difference between urban and rural areas is more significant for maternal age 25–34 compared to other age groups (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.43–1.57). Cleft palates were more frequent in males, and nine specific defects were more frequent in females. Five specific defects were more frequent in rural areas, and eight were more frequent in urban areas. Compared to mothers 25–29, five specific defects were more frequent in mothers < 20, seven specific defects were more frequent in mothers 20–24, two specific defects were more frequent in mothers 30–34, and ten specific defects were more frequent in mothers ≥ 35. Our data indicate that sex, residence, and maternal age differences in the prevalences of birth defects and most specific defects are common. We have found some new epidemiological characteristics of birth defects using cross-analysis, such as residence is the determining factor for the prevalence of birth defects, the difference in prevalence between males and females was more significant for maternal age < 20 compared to other age groups, the prevalence difference between urban and rural areas is more significant for maternal age 25–34 compared to other age groups. And differences in the epidemiological characteristics of some specific defects from previous studies. Future studies should examine mechanisms. Our findings contributed to clinical counseling and advancing research on the risk factors for birth defects.
A simulation study on enhancing sterilization efficiency in medical plastics through gamma radiation optimization
Authors: Yuan Xin , Liu Fang , Zhou Hongchi , Liu Bin , Li Guanda , Yan Peiguang , Li Guoping , Luo Xiaoru , Lyu Xuefeng , Cheng Jinxing , Niu Fenglei 
Published: November 2023

AbstractGamma radiation is progressively emerging as an effective method to enhance the sterilization efficiency of medical plastics including Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The parameters of the radiation facility will affect the efficiency of radiation sterilization. To investigate these effects, we simulate the gamma radiation sterilization performance of PVC material sample using Monte Carlo Method. The simulation results indicated that compared with the sterilization time of 20–90 min from high-temperature steam sterilization of medical waste, by optimizing the parameters of the model radiation facility, the radiation sterilization time can be reduced to 6.61 min. The optimized model facility parameters are as follows: the gamma photon energy is 1.25 MeV, the model space is 300 × 300 × 300 cm3, the reflective layer material is concrete and its thickness is 8 cm, the PVC sample layer area is 100 × 100 cm2, the distance between the radiation source and the PVC sample layer is 150 cm, the energy deposition in the bottom layer of the PVC sample layer is 1.31315 × 10–6 MeV/g. This study offers a potentially feasible way for PVC sterilization, while also providing a crucial reference for the further promotion and application of radiation sterilization technology.
Effectiveness of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review
Authors: Silva Joice de Moura , Silva Bárbara Cristiane Sordi , Lopes Natália Barreto Frederigue , Jacob Regina Tangerino de Souza , Moret Adriane Lima Mortari 
Published: November 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech in children who use electronic devices through a systematic review of the literature.

Method:
This is a systematic review based on the elaboration of the following guiding question: In hearing-impaired children who use electronic devices, how effective is the use of computerized auditory training in the auditory perception of speech? The Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and gray literature (Google Scholar and ProQuest) were consulted.

Results:

Nine hundred and eighteen records were identified, with additional two studies in the citation search, totaling 920 studies. After excluding the 184 duplicate references, using the Rayyan platform, the titles and abstracts were screened (
n
= 736), with 20 studies selected and considered for full reading. Six of the 20 studies were included in the systematic review of the literature.

Conclusions:
Positive and beneficial results regarding computerized auditory training are evidenced, which describe and discuss the proof of the effectiveness of the positive effects on the auditory perception of speech in children using hearing aids and cochlear implants with regard to auditory detection skills, discrimination, recognition, and auditory memory. The positive results are inspiring for the continuity and expansion of studies that further investigate the use of computerized auditory training with contemporary technologies and have an impact on the improvement of access to specialized intervention.
Exploring the dust grain size and polarization mechanism in the hot and massive Class 0 disk IRAS 16293-2422 B
Authors: Zamponi Joaquin , Maureira María José , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Zhao Bo , Segura-Cox Dominique , Ko Chia-Lin , Caselli Paola 
Published: November 2023

Context. Multiwavelength dust continuum and polarization observations arising from self-scattering have been used to investigate grain sizes in young disks. However, the likelihood of self-scattering being the polarization mechanism in embedded disks decreases for very highly optically thick disks and makes us reconsider some of the size constraints from polarization, particularly for younger and more massive disks. The 1.3 mm polarized emission detected toward the hot (≳400 K) Class 0 disk IRAS 16293-2422 B has been attributed to self-scattering, with predictions of bare grain sizes between 200 and 2000 µm.
Aims. We aim to investigate the effects of changing the maximum grain sizes in the resultant continuum and continuum polarization fractions from self-scattering for a hot and massive Class 0 disk extracted from numerical simulations of prestellar core collapse and to compare them with IRAS 16293 B observations.
Methods. We compared new and archival dust continuum and polarization observations at high resolution between 1.3 and 18 mm to a set of synthetic models. We developed a new publicly available tool to automate this process called Synthesizer. This tool is an easy-to-use program for generating synthetic observations from numerical simulations.
Results. Optical depths are in the range of 130 to 2 from 1.3 to 18 mm, respectively. Predictions of significant grain growth populations, including amax = 1000 µm, are comparable to the observations from IRAS 16293 B at all observed wavelengths. The polarization fraction produced by self-scattering reaches a maximum of approximately 0.1% at 1.3 mm for a maximum grain size of 100 µm, which is an order of magnitude lower than the grain size observed toward IRAS 16293 B.
Conclusions. From comparison of the Stokes I fluxes, we conclude that significant grain growth could be present in the young Class 0 disk IRAS 16293 B, particularly in the inner hot region (< 10 au, T > 300 K) where refractory organics evaporate. The polarization produced by self-scattering in our model is not high enough to explain the observations at 1.3 and 7 mm, and such effects as dichroic extinction and polarization reversal of elongated aligned grains remain other possible but untested scenarios.