bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and ab initio structural study of the ketotin compounds, X3SnCR2CH2COMe: crystal structures of X3SnCMe2CH2COMe (X = Cl and I)
Authors: Milne Bruce F. , Pereira Robson P. , Rocco Ana Maria , Skakle Janet M. S. , Travis Anthony J. , Wardell James L. , Wardell Solange M. S. V. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe MeCOCH2CMe2 ligand in X3SnCMe2CH2COMe (2; X = halide) acts as a C,O‐chelating group both in the solid state and in non‐coordinating solutions. The intramolecular SnO bond lengths in trigonal bipyramidal 2 (X = Cl and I), as determined by X‐ray crystallography, indicate that the stronger interaction occurs in 2 X = Cl. Comparisons with the SnO bond lengths in the estertin trihalides, X3SnCH2CH2CO2R (1; R = Me), suggest that the latter form stronger chelates than do 2. In chlorocarbon solution, 2 (X = Cl, I) undergoes exchange reactions, as shown by NMR spectra, to give all possible halide derivatives, ∑(ClnI3−nSnCMe2CH2COMe) (n = 0–3). Various ab initio calculations on 2 and X3SnCH2CH2COMe (3) have been carried out. Comparisons of the theoretical and experimental structures of 2 for X = Cl or I are reported. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallographic report: Crystal structure of a homoleptic lanthanide guanidinate complex: [Ph2NC(NCy)2]3Yb·2PhCH3
Authors: Zhou Liying , Yao Yingming , Zhang Yong , Sheng Hongting , Xue Mingqiang , Shen Qi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe title complex, [Ph2NC(NCy)2]3Yb·2PhCH3 is a monomer with a six‐coordinate ytterbium center ligated by six nitrogen atoms of three chelating bidentate guanidinate ligands. The coordination geometry around the lanthanide ion is best described as a distorted trigonal prism. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Imposex and organotin contamination in Nassarius reticulatus (L.) along the Portuguese coast
Authors: Sousa Ana , Mendo Sónia , Barroso Carlos 
Published: February 2005

AbstractNassarius reticulatus (whelk) imposex levels and organotin body burden (b.b.) were surveyed along the Portuguese coast, from Vila Praia de Âncora (northern limit) to Lagos (southern limit), between May and August 2003. The percentage of females affected with imposex (%I), the relative penis length index (RPLI), the vas deferens sequence index (VDSI) and the degree of female oviduct convolution index (AOS) were used to assess the level of imposex at each site. These imposex indices were determined for 23 sampling stations throughout the coast and were in the range 0.0–100%, 0.0–90%, 0.0–5.0 and 0.0–1.3 respectively. Sterile females (i.e. females carrying aborted egg capsules inside the capsule gland) were found inside the harbours of Viana do Castelo (8.5%) and Aveiro (3.7%). Organotin compounds were assessed at 10 sampling sites spread along the coast. Tributyltin (TBT) b.b. in females varied between 39 and 1679 ng g−1 (as tin) dry weight, and dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) varied in the ranges 23–1084 ng g−1 (as tin) d and 18–939 ng g−1 dry wt respectively. Among the butyltins, the major fraction corresponded to TBT (47.4%), followed by DBT (27.6%) and MBT (25.0%), which indicates recent TBT inputs. Triphenyltin (TPT) levels ranged from <5 to 21 ng g−1 (as tin), and, when quantifiable, represented on average 10% of that of TBT. TPT was the dominant phenyltin and was detected in 60% of the sampling stations. The imposex was significantly correlated to ln (TBT) (Spearman r = 0.918, p < 0.001 for RPLI; r = 0.864, p < 0.001 for VDSI; r = 0.828, p < 0.01 for AOS). The higher levels of imposex and TBT contamination occurred inside or close to harbours, which we identified as ‘hotspots’ of pollution along the coast. Comparing the results obtained in the current work with those reported in a similar survey in 2000, imposex and TBT b.b. varied locally but did not reveal any global trend in the variation of TBT pollution along the Portuguese coast over the 3 year period. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallographic report: Bis[(nitro)bis(dithiotetrahydropyrrolocarbamato) bismuth(III)]
Authors: Yin Han Dong , Wang Chuan Hua 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe loosely associated centrosymmetric structure of [Bi(S2CNC4H8)2(NO3)]2 features chelating dithiocarbamate and nitrate ligands, as well as weak intermolecular BiS interactions, so that a distorted pentagonal bipyramidal S5O2 coordination geometry results. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallographic report: Di(t‐butyl)tin(IV) ester of pyruvic acid isonicotinyl hydrazone
Authors: Yin Han Dong , Hong Min 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe tin atom is in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry with the t‐butyl groups in equatorial positions within a C2NO2 donor set. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of polyoctenamer with WCl6e−AlCH2Cl2 catalyst system via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Çetinkaya Sevil , Karabulut Solmaz , Düz Bülent , Ïmamoǧlu Yavuz 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA typical low‐strain monomer, cyclooctene, was polymerized via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization with electrochemically produced active species. The structural properties of the polyoctenamer were determined by NMR, gel‐permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry. Analysis of the polyoctenamer microstructure by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy indicates that the polymer contains a highly cis stereoconfiguration of the double bonds (σc = 0.75). The resulting polymer is of low molecular weight and has a reasonably broad molecular weight distribution (Mw = 18 000, PDI = 1.9). The glass transition temperature and melting point of the polyoctenamer are −11.3 °C and 36.5 °C respectively. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heteroaryl substituted ansa‐titanocene anti‐cancer drugs derived from fulvenes and titanium dichloride
Authors: Rehmann Franz‐Josef K. , Cuffe Laurence P. , Mendoza Oscar , Rai Dilip K. , Sweeney Nigel , Strohfeldt Katja , Gallagher William M. , Tacke Matthias 
Published: February 2005

AbstractStarting from 2‐furylfulvene (1a), 2‐thiophenylfulvene (1b), and 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolylfulvene (1c), [1,2‐di(cyclopentadienyl)‐1,2‐di‐(2‐furyl)ethanediyl] titanium dichloride (2a), [1,2‐di(cyclopentadienyl)‐1,2‐di‐(2‐thiophenyl)ethanediyl] titanium dichloride (2b), and [1,2‐di(cyclopentadienyl)‐1,2‐bis‐(1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolyl)ethanediyl] titanium dichloride (2c) were synthesized. When titanocenes (2a–c) were tested against pig kidney carcinoma cells (LLC‐PK), inhibitory concentrations (50%) of 4.5 × 10−4 M, 2.9 × 10−4 M and 2.0 × 10−4 M respectively were observed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of a calix[4]crown modified with germanium‐containing side chains
Authors: Sakurai Takayuki , Takeuchi Yoshito 
Published: February 2005

AbstractA germacalix‐crown, 25,27‐bis[1‐(3‐trimethylgermylpropyl)oxy]calix[4]arene‐crown‐6, 1,3‐alternate (1a), and its carbon analog, 25,27‐bis‐[1‐(4,4‐dimethylpentyl)oxy]calix[4]arene‐crown‐6, 1,3‐alternate (1b), were prepared and their structures were confirmed by elemental analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A cation transport test indicated that both compounds exhibited much the same cation transport ability, so that the role of the germanium moiety in capturing and transporting counteranions is not yet clear. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crystallographic report: {[Zn(O2CC6H4NO2‐m)(1,10‐phenanthroline)2] O2CC6H4NO2‐m}·2H2O·HO2CC6H4NO2‐m
Authors: Yin Han‐Dong , Wang Chuan‐Hua , Xing Qiu‐Ju 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe structure of {[Zn(O2CC6H4NO2‐m)(1,10‐phenanthroline)2]O2CC6H4NO2‐m}·2H2O·HO2CC6H4NO2‐m features chelating m‐nitrobenzoate and 1,10‐phenanthroline ligands so that a distorted octahedron N4O2 coordination geometry results. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1,1‐Ethylboration of alkyn‐1‐yl‐chloro(methyl)silanes: alkenes with chloro(methyl)silyl and diethylboryl groups in cis positions
Authors: Wrackmeyer Bernd , Shahid Khadija , Ali Saqib 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe 1,1‐ethylboration of alkyn‐1‐yl‐chloro(methyl)silanes, Me2Si(Cl)CCR (1) and Me(H)Si(Cl)CCR (2) [R = Bu (2a), CH2NMe2 (2b)] requires harsh reaction conditions (up to 20 days in boiling triethylborane), and leads to alkenes in which the boryl and silyl groups occupy cis ((E)‐isomers: 3a, 3b, 5a, 5b) or trans positions ((Z)‐isomers in smaller quantities: 4b and 6b). The alkenes are destabilized in the presence of SiH(Cl) and CH2NMe2 units (5b, 6b). NMR data indicate hyper‐coordinated silicon by intramolecular NSi coordination in 3b and 5b, by which, at the same time, weak SiClB bridges are favoured. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of the acute toxicity of tributyltin and copper to veliger larvae of Nassarius reticulatus (L.)
Authors: Sousa Ana , Génio Luciana , Mendo Sónia , Barrosoi Carlos 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe ban on the use of tributyltin (TBT) is promoting an increasing use of copper as an active biocide in antifouling paints, with consequent rising levels of this metal in the environment. This study assesses the acute toxicity of copper and tributyltin to the larvae of the mollusc gastropod Nassarius reticulatus. Recently hatched veligers were exposed to nominal TBT‐Sn concentrations of 0.9, 1.4, 1.9, 2.8, 3.8, 4.7 and 5.6 µg l−1 and nominal copper concentrations of 9.4, 23.4, 46.9, 70.3, 93.8, 117.2, 140.6 and 164.1 µg l−1 for up to 96 h, under static conditions (17 ± 1 °C and 33 ± 1 psu). The percentage of larval mortality was determined for each organometal/metal concentration and exposure time (1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Both TBT and copper had a highly significant effect on larvae survival (p < 0.001) for all times of exposure, except for the first hour in the particular case of TBT. The lowest observed effect concentration for TBT‐Sn decreased over time from 3.8 µg l−1 at 24 h to 1.9 µg l−1 at 96 h, whereas for copper it remained constant over time (46.9 µg l−1). The median lethal concentration (LC50) for TBT‐Sn decreased from 4.87 µg l−1 at 24 h to 1.78 µg l−1 at 96 h, and the LC50 for copper decreased from 83.08 µg l−1 at 24 h to 58.84 µg l−1 at 96 h. TBT is far more toxic to N. reticulatus larvae than copper. However, owing to the higher copper environmental concentrations, the risk factors of the two biocides may approach each other. This stresses the need to find adequate substitutes for organotin biocides in future antifouling paints. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thyroid hormone and breast carcinoma
Authors: Cristofanilli Massimo , Yamamura Yuko , Kau Shu‐Wan , Bevers Therese , Strom Sara , Patangan Modesto , Hsu Limin , Krishnamurthy Savitri , Theriault Richard L. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo investigate the role of primary hypothyroidism (HYPT) on breast carcinogenesis, the authors evaluated 1) the association between HYPT and a diagnosis of invasive breast carcinoma and 2) the clinicopathologic characteristics of breast carcinoma in patients with HYPT.METHODSFor this retrospective chart review study, 1136 women with primary breast carcinoma (PBC) were identified from the authors' departmental data base. These women (cases) were frequency‐matched for age (± 5 years) and ethnicity with 1088 healthy participants (controls) who attended a breast carcinona screening clinic. Women with HYPT who were receiving thyroid‐replacement therapy before they were diagnosed with breast carcinoma or before the screening visit were identified.RESULTSThe mean ages of cases and controls (51.6 years vs. 51.0 years, respectively; P = 0.30) and their menopausal status (65.4% premenopausal vs. 62% postmenopausal; P = 0.10) were comparable. Two hundred forty‐two women in the case group (10.9%) with HYPT were identified. The prevalence of this condition was significantly greater the control group compared with the case group (14.9% vs. 7.0%, respectively; P < 0.001). PBC patients were 57% less likely to have HYPT compared with their healthy counterparts (odds ratio, 0.43l 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.57). Seventy‐eight white patients with PBC had HYPT and, compared with women who were euthyroid, they were older at the time of diagnosis (58.8 years vs. 51.1 years; P < 0.001), were more likely to have localized disease (95.0% vs. 85.9% clinical T1 or T2 disease, respectively; P = 0.025), and were more likely to have no pathologic lymph node involvement (62.8% vs. 54.4%; P = 0.15).CONCLUSIONSPrimary HYPT was associated with a reduced risk for PBC and a more indolent invasive disease. These data suggest a possible biologic role for thyroid hormone in the etiology of breast carcinoma and indicate areas of research for the prevention and treatment of breast carcinoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Tamoxifen‐treated breast carcinoma patients and the risk of acute myocardial infarction and newly‐diagnosed angina
Authors: Bradbury Brian D. , Lash Timothy L. , Kaye James A. , Jick Susan S. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt is known that tamoxifen therapy favorably affects blood cholesterol levels and other cardiovascular disease risk factors; however, to our knowledge, few studies to date have reported a lower risk of heart disease for breast carcinoma patients who are treated with tamoxifen.METHODSA nested, matched, case–control study design was used with data from the General Practice Research Database to examine whether patients with breast carcinoma who had been treated with tamoxifen were at reduced risk of having a first acute myocardial infarction (MI) or of developing angina compared with unexposed women. All women between age 30 years and age 85 years who had been diagnosed with breast carcinoma and treated with tamoxifen, or who had been diagnosed with carcinoma of the bladder or colorectum, or nonmelanoma skin cancer between January 1991 and December 1999 were identified. From this population, all women were identified who had newly diagnosed acute MI or angina that occurred at least 1 year after their cancer diagnosis. Four female control participants were matched to each case based on age (± 1 year), date of MI or angina diagnosis (corresponding date for matched controls), and date of cancer diagnosis (± 6 months). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were generated using conditional logistic regression, controlling for the matching factors, and adjusting for important risk factors, including body mass index, use of hormone replacement therapy, smoking status, and treated hypertension.RESULTSCurrent users of tamoxifen had a reduced rate ratio of acute MI or angina (adjusted OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7) compared with nonusers. The effect persisted with increasing cumulative dose and length of use.CONCLUSIONSThe treatment of breast carcinoma with tamoxifen was found to reduce a woman's risk of acute MI or angina during the 5 years of recommended therapy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Alteration of the E‐cadherin/β‐catenin cell adhesion system is common in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors and is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in atypical carcinoids
Authors: Pelosi Giuseppe , Scarpa Aldo , Puppa Giacomo , Veronesi Giulia , Spaggiari Lorenzo , Pasini Felice , Maisonneuve Patrick , Iannucci Antonio , Arrigoni Gianluigi , Viale Giuseppe 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the role of E‐cadherin/β‐catenin system dysregulation in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.METHODSE‐cadherin and β‐catenin immunoreactivity was evaluated in 10 hyperplastic neuroendocrine tumorlets and 210 neuroendocrine tumors, including 96 typical carcinoids (CTs), 35 atypical carcinoids (ACTs), 49 large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs), and 30 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs).RESULTSNormal and hyperplastic bronchial neuroendocrine cells expressed E‐cadherin/β‐catenin with an orderly distribution along the cell membrane. Neuroendocrine tumors retained β‐catenin expression in all tumors and E‐cadherin in most tumors, with the exception of 2% of LCNECs, 3% of SCLCs and 9% of ACTs. E‐cadherin showed a prevalent membrane‐associated, linear immunoreactivity in CTs, whereas membrane‐disarrayed and cytoplasmic staining was seen in most ACTs, LCNECs, and SCLCs (P < 0.001). β‐Catenin exhibited similar immunoreactivity patterns according to tumor type and a close association with E‐cadherin subcellular distribution (P < 0.001). Nuclear accumulation of β‐catenin was found only in seven LCNECs and in two SCLCs. In ACTs, disarrayed immunoreactivity for E‐cadherin and/or β‐catenin was associated with a nontrabecular growth pattern, altered expression of the cell‐motility marker fascin, and lymph node metastases. Furthermore, a disarrayed E‐cadherin distribution pattern was associated with the pathologic lymph node classification and the number of involved lymph nodes. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a disarrayed E‐cadherin or β‐catenin pattern was an independent predictor of lymph node metastases in patients with ACT.CONCLUSIONSThe subcellular compartmentalization of the E‐cadherin/β‐catenin complex was altered in pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. This likely affects the tumor growth pattern and cell motility of ACT and was correlated with the occurrence of lymph node metastases. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Combined c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 expression in human prostate carcinoma predicts prostate carcinoma progression
Authors: Yang Guang , Timme Terry L. , Frolov Anna , Wheeler Thomas M. , Thompson Timothy C. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDOver‐expression of the oncogene c‐Myc has been implicated in the development and progression of human prostate carcinoma. However, previous assessments of c‐Myc expression have not revealed its potential for predicting prostate carcinoma progression. Caveolin‐1 is associated with prostate carcinoma progression and is a downstream target gene of c‐Myc. The observation that caveolin‐1 can suppress c‐Myc‐induced apoptosis suggested the potential for cooperation between c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 in malignant progression. In this study, the authors evaluated the prognostic potential of combined c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 expression in human prostate carcinoma progression.METHODSImmunostaining with c‐Myc and caveolin‐1‐specific antibodies was performed on paraffin sections from 104 radical prostatectomy specimens from men with lymph node negative prostate carcinoma. Combined c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 immunostaining scores were related with the clinical and pathologic features and the probability of prostate‐specific antigen recurrence after surgery.RESULTSThe combination of c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 immunopositivity correlated positively with Gleason score (ρ = 0.219;P= 0.0253) and positive surgical margin (ρ = 0.333;P= 0.0006). The combination of positive c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 in patients with clinically confined prostate carcinoma was a significant prognostic marker for the time to disease progression after surgery in both univariate analysis (P= 0.0039; hazard ratio, 3.035) and multivariate analysis (P= 0.0114; hazard ratio, 2.916).CONCLUSIONSThe coexpression of c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 showed potential as a useful prognostic marker for human prostate carcinoma. The current results suggest interactions between c‐Myc and caveolin‐1 in the progression of human prostate carcinoma. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Protein overexpression and gene amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas
Authors: Suzuki Shioto , Dobashi Yoh , Sakurai Hiroyuki , Nishikawa Keiichi , Hanawa Mitsuhiko , Ooi Akishi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecently, molecular therapies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have been developed for clinical use. The current study was conducted to determine 1) the exact frequency of EGFR protein overexpression, 2) the correlation between protein overexpression and EGFR amplification, and 3) the correlation between the status of the genetic and clinicopathologic features in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).METHODSIn total, 181 NSCLC samples were examined immunohistochemically using an antibody against EGFR, and tumor cells that exhibited overexpression were examined further for EGFR amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization.RESULTSOverexpression of EGFR protein was found in 34% of the tumors. Among these, EGFR amplification was demonstrated in 74%. High‐level gene amplification was found exclusively in tumors cells with high protein expression. In most of these tumors, cells that exhibited EGFR overexpression and gene amplification were distributed heterogeneously, even within a single tumor nodule. Statistically, EGFR overexpression was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis and with a more advanced pathologic stage. Moreover, in adenocarcinomas, gene amplification was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis and tended to be correlated with a more advanced pathologic stage.CONCLUSIONSThe overexpression of EGFR in NSCLC was accompanied predominantly, but not exclusively, by gene amplification. It is important to evaluate not only protein overexpression but also the EGFR status to design adjuvant therapies for patients with NSCLC, because specimens that exhibit both protein overexpression and gene amplification may predict eventual lymph node metastasis and, possibly, aggressive tumor behavior. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
International Classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition
Authors: Steliarova‐Foucher Eva , Stiller Charles , Lacour Brigitte , Kaatsch Peter 
Published: February 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe third edition of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD‐O‐3), which was published in 2000, introduced major changes in coding and classification of neoplasms, notably for leukemias and lymphomas, which are important groups of cancer types that occur in childhood. This necessitated a third revision of the 1996 International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC‐3).METHODSThe tumor categories for the ICCC‐3 were designed to respect several principles: agreement with current international standards, integration of the entities defined by newly developed diagnostic techniques, continuity with previous childhood classifications, and exhaustiveness.RESULTSThe ICCC‐3 classifies tumors coded according to the ICD‐O‐3 into 12 main groups, which are split further into 47 subgroups. These 2 levels of the ICCC‐3 allow standardized comparisons of the broad categories of childhood neoplasms in continuity with the previous classifications. The 16 most heterogeneous subgroups are broken down further into 2–11 divisions to allow study of important entities or homogeneous collections of tumors characterized at the cytogenetic or molecular level. Some divisions may be combined across the higher‐level categories, such as the B‐cell neoplasms within leukemias and lymphomas.CONCLUSIONSThe ICCC‐3 respects currently existing international standards and was designed for use in international, population‐based, epidemiological studies and cancer registries. The use of an international classification system is especially important in the field of pediatric oncology, in which the low frequency of cases requires rigorous procedures to ensure data comparability. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.