bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-childhood body mass index and its association with the COVID-19 pandemic, containment measures and islet autoimmunity in children with increased risk for type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hummel Sandra , Rosenberger Sarah , von dem Berge Thekla , Besser Rachel E. J. , Casteels Kristina , Hommel Angela , Kordonouri Olga , Elding Larsson Helena , Lundgren Markus , Marcus Benjamin A. , Oltarzewski Mariusz , Rochtus Anne , Szypowska Agnieszka , Todd John A. , Weiss Andreas , Winkler Christiane , Bonifacio Ezio , Ziegler Anette-G. ,   for the GPPAD and POInT Study Group
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The aim of this study was to determine whether BMI in early childhood was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and containment measures, and whether it was associated with the risk for islet autoimmunity.

Methods
Between February 2018 and May 2023, data on BMI and islet autoimmunity were collected from 1050 children enrolled in the Primary Oral Insulin Trial, aged from 4.0 months to 5.5 years of age. The start of the COVID-19 pandemic was defined as 18 March 2020, and a stringency index was used to assess the stringency of containment measures. Islet autoimmunity was defined as either the development of persistent confirmed multiple islet autoantibodies, or the development of one or more islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes. Multivariate linear mixed-effect, linear and logistic regression methods were applied to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the stringency index on early-childhood BMI measurements (BMI as a time-varying variable, BMI at 9 months of age and overweight risk at 9 months of age), and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the effect of BMI measurements on islet autoimmunity risk.

Results
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased time-varying BMI (β = 0.39; 95% CI 0.30, 0.47) and overweight risk at 9 months (β = 0.44; 95% CI 0.03, 0.84). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a higher stringency index was positively associated with time-varying BMI (β = 0.02; 95% CI 0.00, 0.04 per 10 units increase), BMI at 9 months (β = 0.13; 95% CI 0.01, 0.25) and overweight risk at 9 months (β = 0.23; 95% CI 0.03, 0.43). A higher age-corrected BMI and overweight risk at 9 months were associated with increased risk for developing islet autoimmunity up to 5.5 years of age (HR 1.16; 95% CI 1.01, 1.32 and HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.00, 2.82, respectively).

Conclusions/interpretation
Early-childhood BMI increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and was influenced by the level of restrictions during the pandemic. Controlling for the COVID-19 pandemic, elevated BMI during early childhood was associated with increased risk for childhood islet autoimmunity in children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
Prediction of absorptivity in Multi-Jet Fusion manufactured polypropylene structures through laser flash and corrected porosity method
Authors: Kafi Abdullah , Khorasani Mahyar , Downing David , Rashed Kaifur , Leary Martin , Zhang Danielle , Bateman Stuart 
Published: January 2024

AbstractFor the first time in the literature, this study validates the absorption phenomena in Multi-Jet Fusion (MJF) printed polypropylene (PP) structures through Laser Flash (LFA) and Corrected Porosity (CP) methods. The influence of process parameters such as build height and build orientation was investigated on tensile properties, crystallinity, porosity and thermophysical attributes in MJF printed PP coupons. Results showed that both crystallinity and tensile performance did not significantly vary with either location or build orientation. Interestingly, samples printed in the Z orientation showed a 35% decrease in strain, indicating that Z-oriented MJF coupons were more brittle than the flat samples (XY). Samples printed in Z orientation also possessed higher porosity and relatively lower crystallinity than the XY orientation. However, large deviations within porosity values were an obstacle to determining a suitable build chamber location for manufacturing dense samples. Therefore, a detailed investigation on porosity of printed samples using micro-CT scans and CT image analysis was necessary. Initially, poor contrast was obvious when MJF printed samples were positioned vertically in the micro-CT chamber which was mainly due to high value of horizontal intensity profile (HIP ~ 70%). Contrast in MJF samples improved significantly in the horizontal orientation (HIP ~ 40%). In parallel, the half-time and heat loss were measured in LFA to understand changes in absorption phenomena with height and orientation of the build. A direct correlation was found between LFA half-time and porosity only when the porosity correction method was implemented. Corrected porosity value was found to be inversely proportional to the heat loss of printed PP samples which indicated higher absorption for samples printed in the bottom of build chamber, XY12, whereas lower absorption was observed for less dense Z samples. Finally, heat loss phenomenon was verified using dense reference Pyroceram samples as they possess high diffusivity and low half-time and porosity compared to MJF printed samples. There is a science behind understanding the absorptivity of the MJF process which is related to the complexity of the process and is challenging to address in MJF PP samples when mixed with carbon black. The study showed that accurately determining the level of porosity is the key to validate absorption phenomena within MJF printed coupons. The contributions of this work are the investigation of the light absorption phenomena in MJF printed PP structures, and the establishment of the absorption-porosity correlation. These contributions help to predict the mechanical properties and subsequently the overall quality of the produced parts which can save cost and time in effectively utilising the MJF process.
Optimization of an agent-based model for continuous trading energy market
Authors: Alberizzi A. , Di Barba P. , Mognaschi M. E. , Zani A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe high penetration of intermittence resources in the energy market accelerates significantly the decarbonization process, but, on the other hand, the electrical system has to face the problem of unbalances. Renewable energies sources are hard to precisely forecast, and power plants are not able to predict the amount of energy that they can provide far from the real-time delivery. In this frame, the intraday market gets a fundamental role allowing agents to adjust their position close to the delivery time. In this work, we suggest an agent-based model of intraday market combined with genetics algorithms to understand what the best strategy could be adopted by players in order to optimize the market efficiency in terms of welfare and unsold quantity. In the first part, we show the effect on the market prices of different scenarios in which players aim at maximizing their revenues and selling/buying all their volumes. In the second part, we show the effect of a particular genetic algorithm on the model, focusing on how agents can adapt their strategy to enhance the market efficiency. Comparative analyses are also performed to investigate how the welfare of the system increases as well as the unsold quantity decrease when genetic algorithm is introduced.
LC-ESI-HRMS — lipidomics of phospholipids
Authors: Rund Katharina M. , Carpanedo Laura , Lauterbach Robin , Wermund Tim , West Annette L. , Wende Luca M. , Calder Philip C. , Schebb Nils Helge 
Published: January 2024

AbstractLipids are a diverse class of molecules involved in many biological functions including cell signaling or cell membrane assembly. Owing to this relevance, LC–MS/MS-based lipidomics emerged as a major field in modern analytical chemistry. Here, we thoroughly characterized the influence of MS and LC settings — of a Q Exactive HF operated in Full MS/data-dependent MS2 TOP N acquisition mode — in order to optimize the semi-quantification of polar lipids. Optimization of MS-source settings improved the signal intensity by factor 3 compared to default settings. Polar lipids were separated on an ACQUITY Premier CSH C18 reversed-phase column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm, 130 Å) during an elution window of 28 min, leading to a sufficient number of both data points across the chromatographic peaks, as well as MS2 spectra. Analysis was carried out in positive and negative ionization mode enabling the detection of a broader spectrum of lipids and to support the structural characterization of lipids. Optimal sample preparation of biological samples was achieved by liquid–liquid extraction using MeOH/MTBE resulting in an excellent extraction recovery > 85% with an intra-day and inter-day variability < 15%. The optimized method was applied on the investigation of changes in the phospholipid pattern in plasma from human subjects supplemented with n3-PUFA (20:5 and 22:6). The strongest increase was observed for lipids bearing 20:5, while 22:4 bearing lipids were lowered. Specifically, LPC 20:5_0:0 and PC 16:0_20:5 were found to be strongest elevated, while PE 18:0_22:4 and PC 18:2_18:2 were decreased by n3-PUFA supplementation. These results were confirmed by targeted LC–MS/MS using commercially available phospholipids as standards.
Graphical abstract
Approximating subset sum ratio via partition computations
Authors: Alonistiotis Giannis , Antonopoulos Antonis , Melissinos Nikolaos , Pagourtzis Aris , Petsalakis Stavros , Vasilakis Manolis 
Published: January 2024

AbstractWe present a new FPTAS for the Subset Sum Ratio problem, which, given a set of integers, asks for two disjoint subsets such that the ratio of their sums is as close to 1 as possible. Our scheme makes use of exact and approximate algorithms for Partition, and clearly showcases the close relationship between the two algorithmic problems. Depending on the relationship between the size of the input set n and the error margin $$\varepsilon $$
ε
, we improve upon the best currently known algorithm of Melissinos and Pagourtzis [COCOON 2018] of complexity $$\mathcal {O} (n^4 / \varepsilon )$$

O
(

n
4

/
ε
)

. In particular, the exponent of n in our proposed scheme may decrease down to 2, depending on the Partition algorithm used.
Predictors of Good Clinical Outcome After Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke due to Tandem Lesion in Anterior Circulation: Results from the ASCENT Study
Authors: Havlíček Roman , Šaňák Daniel , Černík David , Neradová Jarmila , Leško Norbert , Gdovinová Zuzana , Köcher Martin , Cihlář Filip , Malik Jozef , Fedorko Jakub , Pedowski Piotr , Zapletalová Jana 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Endovascular treatment (EVT) of tandem lesion (TL) in anterior circulation (AC) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) represents still a clinical challenge. We aimed to evaluate selected factors related to EVT and assess other possible predictors of good clinical outcome besides the generally known ones.

Methods
AIS patients with TL in AC treated with EVT were enrolled in the multicenter retrospective ASCENT study. A good three-month clinical outcome was scored as 0–2 points in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and achieved recanalization using the TICI scale. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) was assessed using the SITS-MOST criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used for the assessment of possible predictors of mRS 0–2 with adjustment for potential confounders.

Results
In total, 300 (68.7% males, mean age 67.3 ± 10.2 years) patients with median of admission NIHSS 17 were analyzed. Recanalization (TICI 2b-3) was achieved in 290 (96.7%) patients and 176 (58.7%) had mRS 0–2. Besides the age, admission NIHSS and SICH, admission glycemia (p = 0.005, OR: 0.884) the stent patency within the first 30 days after EVT (p = 0.0003, OR: 0.219), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) started within 12 h after EVT (p < 0.0001, OR: 5.006) and statin therapy started within 24 h after stenting (p < 0.0001, OR: 5.558) were found as other predictors.

Conclusion
Admission glycemia, start of DAPT within 12 h and statin therapy within 24 h after EVT, and stent patency within the first 30 days after EVT were found as other predictors of good three-month clinical outcome in AIS patients treated with EVT for TL.

Graphical Abstract
VEXAS syndrome: complete molecular remission after hypomethylating therapy
Authors: Sockel Katja , Götze Katharina , Ganster Christina , Bill Marius , Georgi Julia-Annabell , Balaian Ekaterina , Aringer Martin , Trautmann-Grill Karolin , Uhlig Maria , Bornhäuser Martin , Haase Detlef , Thiede Christian 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe VEXAS syndrome, a genetically defined autoimmune disease, associated with various hematological neoplasms has been attracting growing attention since its initial description in 2020. While various therapeutic strategies have been explored in case studies, the optimal treatment strategy is still under investigation and allogeneic cell transplantation is considered the only curative treatment. Here, we describe 2 patients who achieved complete molecular remission of the underlying UBA1 mutant clone outside the context of allogeneic HCT. Both patients received treatment with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine, and deep molecular remission triggered treatment de-escalation and even cessation with sustained molecular remission in one of them. Prospective studies are necessary to clarify which VEXAS patients will benefit most from hypomethylating therapy and to understand the variability in the response to different treatment strategies.
Customized GRASP for rehabilitation therapy scheduling with appointment priorities and accounting for therapist satisfaction
Authors: Kling Sebastian , Kraul Sebastian , Brunner Jens O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhysical therapy in acute care hospitals plays an important role in the rehabilitation of patients. Nevertheless, the profession must deal with staff shortages caused by a lack of potential employees and absenteeism which are results of high physical and mental workloads. The therapist shortage negatively affects the total number of daily appointments the department can fulfill. For appointments that can be successfully scheduled, continuity of care with the same therapist cannot be guaranteed for individual patients. Lack of continuity of care negatively influences the therapist's satisfaction. Therapist preferences for individual appointments in general cannot always be guaranteed when designing schedules, which also hurts satisfaction. This paper develops a multi-criteria model for the daily therapy appointment-scheduling problem. The primary objective is to minimize the total sum of priority violations for unscheduled appointments. To improve therapist satisfaction, we consider therapist preferences including continuity of care as a secondary objective. Here, our integer programming formulation aims to minimize the total sum of preference violations for scheduled appointments. We are dealing with an operational planning problem with a daily planning horizon. The operational objective is to achieve therapist schedules in at most two hours. The therapists’ schedules together need to include several hundred appointments for a planning day. Due to intractability, the developed integer program cannot provide schedules for such problem sizes. Therefore, we develop a customized Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) with six innovative local search operations to improve an initially constructed solution. We test the heuristic algorithm on realistic data instances. The metaheuristic provides high-quality schedules for various problem sizes in short runtimes, i.e., within minutes. Comparisons with the optimal solutions for small problem instances show very good results of the GRASP with a similar number of scheduled appointments and good adherence to continuity of care and therapist preference requirements.
A stepwise strategy integrating dynamic stress CT myocardial perfusion and deep learning–based FFRCT in the work-up of stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Lyu Lijuan , Pan Jichen , Li Dumin , Yu Dexin , Li Xinhao , Yang Wei , Dong Mei , Han Yeming , Liang Yongfeng , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Mei 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To validate a novel stepwise strategy in which computed tomography–derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) is restricted to intermediate stenosis on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) was reserved for vessels with gray zone FFRCT values.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included 87 consecutive patients (age, 58 ± 10 years; 70% male) who underwent CCTA, dynamic CT-MPI, interventional coronary angiography (ICA), and fractional flow reserve (FFR) for suspected or known coronary artery disease. FFRCT was computed using a deep learning–based platform. Three stepwise strategies (CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI, CCTA + FFRCT, CCTA + CT-MPI) were constructed and their diagnostic performance was evaluated using ICA/FFR as the reference standard. The proportions of vessels requiring further ICA/FFR measurement based on different strategies were noted. Furthermore, the net reclassification index (NRI) was calculated to ascertain the superior model.

Results
The CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy yielded the lowest proportion of vessels requiring additional ICA/FFR measurement when compared to the CCTA + FFRCT and CCTA + CT-MPI strategies (12%, 22%, and 24%). The CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy exhibited the highest accuracy for ruling-out (91%, 84%, and 85%) and ruling-in (90%, 85%, and 85%) functionally significant lesions. All strategies exhibited comparable sensitivity for ruling-out functionally significant lesions and specificity for ruling-in functionally significant lesions (p > 0.05). The NRI indicated that the CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy outperformed the CCTA + FFRCT strategy (NRI = 0.238, p < 0.001) and the CCTA + CT-MPI strategy (NRI = 0.233%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI stepwise strategy was superior to the CCTA + FFRCT strategy and CCTA+ CT-MPI strategy by minimizing unnecessary invasive diagnostic catheterization without compromising the agreement rate with ICA/FFR.

Clinical relevance statement
Our novel stepwise strategy facilitates greater confidence and accuracy when clinicians need to decide on interventional coronary angiography referral or deferral, reducing the burden of invasive investigations on patients.

Key Points
• A stepwise CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy holds promise as a viable method to reduce the need for invasive diagnostic catheterization, while maintaining a high level of agreement with ICA/FFR.
• The CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy performed better than the CCTA + FFRCT and CCTA + CT-MPI strategies.
• A stepwise CCTA + FFRCT + CT-MPI strategy allows to minimize unnecessary invasive diagnostic catheterization and helps clinicians to referral or deferral for ICA/FFR with more confidence.
Iatrogene Netzhautdefekte nach intravitrealer operativer Medikamenteneingabe
Authors: Märker David A. , Radeck Viola , Lehmann Fabian , Barth Teresa , Helbig Horst , Eter Nicole , Alten Florian , Clemens Christoph R. 
Published: January 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Intravitreale operative Medikamenteneingaben (IVOM) stellen einen der häufigsten Eingriffe in der Medizin dar. Das Risikoprofil ist gering. Neben intraokularen Drucksteigerungen zählen insbesondere erregerbedingte Endophthalmitiden, Glaskörperblutungen und rhegmatogene Netzhautablösungen zu den gängigen Komplikationen. Darüber hinaus wurden auch einzelne Fälle von Linsenverletzungen sowie peripheren Netzhautdefekten und Makulaforamina in Assoziation mit vitreoretinalen Traktionen beschrieben. In der hier vorliegenden Fallserie berichten wir über scharfe iatrogene Netzhaut- bzw. Makulaverletzungen.

Methoden
Multizentrische Fallsammlung von IVOM-Patienten mit iatrogenen Netzhautdefekten, retrospektiv über den Zeitraum 2016 bis 2023.

Ergebnisse
Es konnten 9 Fälle (72 Jahre ± 8,1, 3 Augen pseudophak) mit einem iatrogenen retinalen Trauma nach IVOM zur Therapie einer neovaskulären altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (nAMD) dokumentiert werden. Während in 6 Fällen scharfe Verletzungen innerhalb der Makula vorlagen, waren die Läsionen in den anderen Fällen extramakulär lokalisiert.

Schlussfolgerungen
Iatrogene Netzhaut- und Makulaverletzungen sind seltene Komplikationen im Rahmen der IVOM und bei sachgemäßer Durchführung insbesondere mit Blick auf die Kanülenverwendung und die Wahl des Limbusabstands vermeidbar.
Complement and MHC patterns can provide the diagnostic framework for inflammatory neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Nelke Christopher , Schmid Simone , Kleefeld Felix , Schroeter Christina B. , Goebel Hans-Hilmar , Hoffmann Sarah , Preuße Corinna , Kölbel Heike , Meuth Sven G. , Ruck Tobias , Stenzel Werner 
Published: January 2024

AbstractHistopathological analysis stands as the gold standard for the identification and differentiation of inflammatory neuromuscular diseases. These disorders continue to constitute a diagnostic challenge due to their clinical heterogeneity, rarity and overlapping features. To establish standardized protocols for the diagnosis of inflammatory neuromuscular diseases, the development of cost-effective and widely applicable tools is crucial, especially in settings constrained by limited resources. The focus of this review is to emphasize the diagnostic value of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and complement patterns in the immunohistochemical analysis of these diseases. We explore the immunological background of MHC and complement signatures that characterize inflammatory features, with a specific focus on idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. With this approach, we aim to provide a diagnostic algorithm that may improve and simplify the diagnostic workup based on a limited panel of stainings. Our approach acknowledges the current limitations in the field of inflammatory neuromuscular diseases, particularly the scarcity of large-scale, prospective studies that validate the diagnostic potential of these markers. Further efforts are needed to establish a consensus on the diagnostic protocol to effectively distinguish these diseases.