bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving our Understanding of Environmental Stress Impacts and Responses of the Microbiome
Authors: Weisener Christopher 
Published: October 2023

Over the course of this century, it will be important to identify cost effective/low maintenance solutions for treating contaminants in receiving watersheds. Adopting these strategies will involve a better understanding of what defines a “natural” environment compared to these contaminated sites. Traditional geochemical testing and standard microbial community analyses (e.g., DNA profiling) or using isolates can be limited with respect to their ability to infer real-time, active processes of bacterial communities. In recent years the application of genomics to identify the microbial microbiome in anthropogenic stressed conditions has advanced considerably. In many cases, the activity of microorganisms will directly impact the chemical conditions in both surface and subsurface water column and contaminated sediment environments controlling the fate of nutrients and contaminants alike. Questions arise such as:

What are the baselines or reference systems that can be used?

What indices can be used to study the long-term and short-term controls on the mobility, cycling, and bioavailability of toxic metals and organic contaminants?

What are the baselines or reference systems that can be used?
What indices can be used to study the long-term and short-term controls on the mobility, cycling, and bioavailability of toxic metals and organic contaminants?
In many cases the balance of chemical oxidizing and reducing components in water will control the development of chemical and nutrient gradients observed in either natural and/or applied systems (e.g., constructed wetlands or bioreactors). In these cases, biogeochemical systems will determine the direction and onset of specific metabolic pathways as defined by their favorable thermodynamic outcome, an issue for most bioremediators (i.e., microorganisms). Also, the degree of chemical alteration (toxicity or degradation products) can be directly linked to the proportion of their biological activity.
In this presentation, contrasting case studies highlighting natural (baseline) and anthropogenically impacted landscapes will be discussed. The focus will be on identifying and linking physicochemical processes to microbial community function using emerging omics for geochemical applications and ascertaining novel contaminant bioindicators.
Organic Solvent Contamination in Groundwater Around Natural Gas Plants
Authors: Shevalier Maurice , Abercrombie Hugh 
Published: October 2023

Alberta is a province that has vast deposits of natural gas. However, in its natural form it is considered sour in that it has impurities, i.e., it contains hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon dioxide (CO2), mercaptans and organic sulphides. To enable the marketing of the natural gas these impurities must be removed using organic compounds and solvents. As a result of spills, leakage during processes, seepage from unlined storage ponds some of these solvents have contaminated groundwater around natural gas processing facilities.
Remediation of the organic solvents is a difficult problem. To achieve an understanding of the processes involved in their degradation, a hydrogeochemical assessment of a site can be done using existing data from the site to track the development of groundwater redox zones across the different hydrostratigraphic units (HSU). This is relevant because the oxidation is hypothesized to have contributed to the biodegradation of the compounds. The objective of this global assessment is to assign a groundwater redox zone for each sample, with special emphasis placed on defining the oxidative groundwater zone (OGZ) due to its relevance to biodegradation. Ideally, the oxic groundwater zone would be defined based on the concentration of molecular oxygen (i.e., dissolved ) in groundwater (McMahon and Chapelle 2008). However, molecular oxygen, normally measured as ‘dissolved oxygen’, was not routinely measured as a field parameter in this study and therefore was unavailable to define the OGZ.
The scheme adopted considers the concentrations of terminal electron acceptors (TEA) present in groundwater and measured in commonly measured parameters including oxygen, nitrate, and sulphate and dissolved metals (manganese and iron). These TEA's are consumed under progressively more reducing conditions after oxygen reduction is complete in the order: nitrate reduction, manganese reduction, iron reduction, sulphate reduction, and finally carbonate reduction (one form of methanogenesis). The results show that redox zonation is heterogeneously distributed across the site, both within and between HSUs. Multiple lines of hydrogeochemical evidence support buffered aerobic biodegradation at the site.
Microbial reduction of synthetic Biogenic Iron Oxides containing various amounts of Organic Carbon and Silica
Authors: Quintero Daniela , Fortin Danielle 
Published: October 2023

Iron oxides formed in close association with bacteria are referred to as biogenic minerals (BIOS). Both the organic part of BIOS and the iron oxide particles affect the net surface charge of those iron-organic carbon aggregates and offer reactive sites that can immobilize many soluble contaminants (Warren and Haack 2001) making BIOS a contender in bioremediation technologies. However, before using BIOS in bioremediation, it is essential to understand the interactions of impurities such as organic matter and other minor components (including silica) (Dyer et al. 2010). This project involves the synthesis of Biogenic Iron Oxides (BIOS) using various silica contents and different soluble alginate concentrations (as an analogue for bacterial exopolysaccharides) close to natural environmental conditions. The mineralogical, chemical and physical composition of the synthesized samples was determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and with a Malvern Zetasizer Nano instrument. The various samples (mainly ferrihydrite) were then reduced in the presence of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, a well-known iron reducing bacterium. All microbial reduction experiments (see Table 1) with different types of BIOS were performed under anoxic conditions.
Results indicate that the ratio of organic matter and silica to Fe (III) in BIOS affects the reduction rate. It is proposed that alginate binds to iron oxide particles and protects them from reduction. However, samples in presence of high concentration of silica (i.e.,&gt; 0.05) showed structural disorder which likely prevented nucleation of well ordered ferrihydrite, which in return increased their rate of reduction. In addition, higher reduction rates of ferrihydrite were reported at higher concentrations of silica in BIOS, even in the presence of alginate.
Retinal Detachments in Pediatric Patients With X-Linked Retinoschisis: Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Sengillo Jesse D. , Al-Khersan Hasenin , Rohowetz Landon , Shoji Marissa K. , Robles-Holmes Hailey , Cruz Natasha Ferreira Santos da , Negron Catherin I. , Yannuzzi Nicolas A. , Patel Nimesh A. , Berrocal Audina M. 
Published: October 2023

Background and Objective:
Retinal detachments (RDs) are a complication of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) with a poor prognosis. This study aims to report outcomes of XLRS-RD repair in pediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:
The study is a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for XLRS-RDs from 2000 to 2022.

Results:
Nine patients (11 eyes) met inclusion criteria. All patients were boys, with a mean age of 8 years. Most RDs arose inferiorly (64%). Seven (64%) detachments were macula-involving. Seven (64%) detachments were repaired with combined scleral buckling and vitrectomy, two (18%) detachments were repaired with vitrectomy alone, one (9%) detachment underwent a primary scleral buckling procedure, and one (9%) asymptomatic detachment with a pigment demarcation line was observed. Silicone oil was used in eight of nine (89%) eyes undergoing vitrectomy. Final visual acuity was 20/200 or better in eight (73%) eyes. One eye that underwent surgical intervention remained unattached at follow-up.

Conclusion:
Surgical repair in patients with XLRSRDs was associated with successful reattachment, although visual prognosis varied.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:574–579.]
Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Predominantly Black Population
Authors: Yousuf Salman J. , Ma Jiali , Nelson Luke , Chen Michelle , Weldeslase Terhas A. , Akinyemi Oluwasegun A. 
Published: October 2023

Background and Objective:
We intend to study the characteristics and outcomes of an understudied patient population with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study evaluated presenting features and outcomes in a predominantly Black patient population with nAMD. A multivariate regression explored baseline characteristics predictive of 1-year vision.

Results:

Sixty-three eyes were included. The median (interquartile range) baseline vision was 20/300 (20/80 to counting fingers). Patients' baseline optical coherence tomography findings showed a mean central subfield thickness of 336 µm; 80% (
n
= 35) and 41% (
n
= 18) had fluid and central scarring, respectively. The primary predictor for vision at year-one was baseline vision (
P
= 0.03, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.91). All of those who gained ≥ 3 lines of vision lacked central scarring at baseline.

Conclusion:
Further studies are needed to investigate how to improve earlier detection and treatment of nAMD in this patient population.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:580–584.]
Sorciérologie et (de la) hantise : de Cathy à PJ
Authors: Viguier Emma 
Published: October 2023

J’ai toujours considéré Kate Bush comme mon Hécate et PJ Harvey comme ma Circé…, fantasmées. De l’une à l’autre, ce sont des magiciennes et des sorcières que je souhaiterais considérer, ou plutôt leur devenir, dans une « expérience de recherche » qui prend ces femmes-artistes comme matières à œuvrer, à penser. Il me plaît alors de les relier à l’aune de la sorciérologie et de la hantise – voire d’une sorciérologie de la hantise. À travers elles et leur appétence à l’obscur, au magique, à la transgression, au secret, j’aimerais dessiner un chemin où la création, le texte, le son, le corps, la voix, l’image, la présence, mais aussi la liberté, la résistance, l’empowerment, forment une praxis féminine, sans concession, où les sortilèges opèrent.
Subsea Chemical Injection Pump. an Intensive Qualification Program
Authors: Esquiva I. , Rondon M. , Garcia F. , Thorkildsen B. , Folkner S. , Borosch D. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research and development program is to qualify for 3000 mWD the chemical injection pump, one of the main key components of the subsea chemical storage and injection station (SCS&I). The development of the SCS&I system responds to the need to develop oil and gas reservoirs at deeper water depths and further distances from host or from shore and to reduce CAPEX and GHG released associated.
Indeed, one of the high CAPEX of a subsea project and a weak point during operation is the umbilical chemical lines. Storing the chemicals close to the wells will reduce the umbilical cross section and cost and avoid plugging of those lines. The development of the SCS&I is an enabler for "all electrical" simplified architecture, reducing both costs and GHG emissions. This qualification is a first for a high dosage chemical pump under subsea environmental conditions.
The HAMPRO® 70V injection pump from Hammelmann was selected as the most promising pump for marinization and qualification for 3000 mWD. Its big advantage is that the contact between the oil used for lubrication and cooling of the pump and motor is separated from the chemical pumped fluid by sealed bellows. The other advantage is that its duty allows the injection of high rate, batch injected chemical products like methanol, and at the same time its design allows reducing the piston diameters and stroke giving the flexibility to inject low dosage chemical products.
The pump has been modified for its marinization. For installation subsea, it is capital to ensure its robustness regarding the high external pressure and discharge pressure, but also reliability of the chemically exposed parts, the pump and motor rotating parts and the impact of lubricant performance, the reliability of the electrical components and finally the impact of transient behaviors on the pressure compensation system.
To assure all these aspects, a complete R&D qualification program has been launched. This program includes short term batch operation with high flow rate and high differential pressure, long term continuous operation with low or high differential pressure and finally, transient operation with large variation in differential pressure but also different strokes imposed to the pump. The program is to be completed with a hyperbaric performance test and specific endurance tests performed to ensure the bellows robustness.
For endurance testing, the pumps have already been running for more than 2000 hours. This paper will describe the main findings and support the qualification required for subsea use.
Perturbative-Integro-Differential Solution for Permeability Hysteresis Modeling with Transient Compaction Effects Caused by Pores Collapse and Reservoir Depletion
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Bastos , Braga Arthur M. B. , Soares Antônio C. , Rezende Fernando H. G. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The impact of the mechanical formation damage in the production curve caused by the unsteady-state permeability hysteresis in pressure-sensitive reservoirs has an important role in oilfield developments. Hence, the petroleum industry has continuously sought new analytical approaches to provide adequate well-reservoir performance management and surveillance. This work proposes a new unsteady-state two-dimensional (2-D) analytical solution for modeling the oil flow in a permeability hysteretic pressure-dependent reservoir during alternating loading/unloading cycles. The nonlinear hydraulic diffusivity equation (NHDE) is perturbed through a first-order asymptotic series expansion. The reservoir engineering literature shows that this first-order expansion represents satisfactory the magnitude of the nonlinear phenomena regarding pressure-sensitive rock and fluid properties. A new hysteretic deviation factor is presented for flow (drawdown) and buildup periods. The model calibration is performed by a porous media numerical oil flow simulator named CMG IMEX, which is broadly used in formation evaluation and reservoir engineering literature. The results presented high accuracy for the drawdown and buildup of hysteretic and non-hysteretic cases. The practical uses of the model developed in this work are related to identifying flow regimes and hysteresis responses in pressure-sensitive reservoirs, estimating buildup pressure, and oil flow rates specification to prevent severe hysteretic behavior and history matching during reservoir surveillance.
Making Available High Resolution UT Technology for Subsea Wall Thickness Scans
Authors: Oliveira Nathan , Rincon Pedro , Chittenden Paul , Kenny Stuart , Monnerat Marcio 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
High resolution thickness mapping is a widely accepted method for fitness for service inspection and provides a permanent and quantitative record for remaining life assessment and through periodic campaigns can be used for comparative analysis.
Subsea infrastructure introduces many challenges for inspection delivery and although robotic systems have been readily accepted, traditional methods of ultrasonic thickness reading is not possible through a large range of subsea coatings.
In 2017, a major Oil Company started a collaboration with a subsea inspection service specialist to investigate the plausibility of Acoustic Resonance Technology (ART) on its insulated pipeline inventory. Having recognized the potential impact this technology could have in the subsea integrity process, the company supported the commercialization of this technology with the subsea service provider in 2020 and since then the method has continued to evolve.
Nowadays in 2023, acoustic resonance technology is becoming rapidly recognized for the first-choice method for insulated and coated piping for subsea infrastructure. It provides fully quantitative information, is radiation free and can collect large areas of data points extremely quickly.
The paper will explain the timeline of technology evolution from initial concept, lab tests and successful field trials. It will describe the method that was applied, how the signal processing and software algorithms determine resonance as a wall thickness and provide practical examples of the benefits of this method. It will talk about the different coatings that are typical for subsea applications and describe how the new acoustic resonance technology can eliminate the requirement to remove this coating or deploy a less productive and sometimes challenging radiographic method.
ECA of Girth Welds for Deepwater HPHT Flowline with Lateral Buckle Mitigation
Authors: Bai Q. , Brunner M. S. , Tainsh J. , Wang L. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
An Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) for reeled subsea high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) flowlines includes fatigue and fracture assessments of the girth welds for the reeling, installation, and in-service phases. The in-service ECA phase requires input from an in-place assessment of the flowline under different loads. The fracture loads are often provided in terms of longitudinal peak strain to minimize inaccuracies due to different tensile properties used in the in-place and fracture assessments. Typically, a stress-strain curve with higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength is used in the ECA (even under load control), so using strain to transfer loads from an in-place analysis model to ECA guarantees conservatism. However, applying an incorrect strain definition, such as the total strain (sum of elastic, plastic, and thermal strains) instead of the total mechanical strain (sum of elastic and plastic strains) as per industry standards, can result in incorrect flaw acceptance criteria.
For an HPHT flowline with lateral buckling (LB), the thermal strain along the line is influenced by the temperature distribution. Where axial displacement is restricted, this thermal strain will induce axial forces, and thus mechanical strains and stresses. Different patterns of mechanical strains may be induced, depending on the boundary conditions. It is difficult to clearly explain the relationship between thermal strain and mechanical strain for a flowline with lateral buckling. To demonstrate this relationship, a simplified one-dimensional flowline under different boundary conditions and frictional resistances is first studied, followed by a finite element (FE) analysis of a flowline with a sleeper under lateral buckling, to show the relationship between stresses and various strains.
The analysis results show that the longitudinal mechanical strain is induced by the thermal strain when restricting the pipeline movement by means of boundary conditions, i.e., frictional resistance between the flowline and seabed, or other externally applied loads. The effect of the thermal strain is already captured in the mechanical strain, so does not need to be added again before converting the longitudinal strain into the longitudinal stress for use in an ECA.
To summarize, this paper demonstrates by means of practical ECA and other examples that the longitudinal mechanical strain should be converted into the longitudinal stress when accounting for in-service fracture events in the ECA. Instead of the longitudinal total (elastic plus plastic plus thermal) strain provided by FEA software, the longitudinal mechanical strain (elastic plus plastic) should be used in the fracture assessment, which is part of an in-place ECA. Adding thermal strain into the mechanical strain again before converting to stress will lead to incorrect results and can lead to unnecessary weld cut-outs and repairs.
Pore Size Distribution from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Comparison Between LWD and Wireline Estimations
Authors: Salazar J. P. , Borri J. 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments measure the response of the hydrogen nuclei after perturbed by an external magnetic field. This response consists in the relaxation of the total hydrogen magnetization, which is related with the exponential decay occurring in each pore size. Usually, the Laplace Inverse Transform is used to transform this time decay to a T2 distribution, which represents how is the relaxation inside the pore space and is commonly used in the oil and gas industry to get important petrophysical rock properties, such as total and effective porosity, fluid distribution and rock permeability. The estimation of these rock properties is independent of lithology.
The mentioned relaxation of the magnetization occurs for three different mechanisms: interaction of the hydrogen nucleus with the pore surface, interaction between the hydrogen nucleus between them and diffusion in a magnetic field gradient. The biggest contribution to the relaxation in porous media is due to interaction with the pore surface. For this reason, the T2 distribution can be related with the pore size distribution inside the rock.
This paper presents the results of calculating the pore size distribution from NMR data obtained through Logging While Drilling (LWD) and wireline technologies. It is shown the complete workflow, including the saturation calculation used to extract the hydrocarbon and/or filtrate signals from the T2 distribution. A comparison between both results is performed, showing similarities and differences of both procedures.