bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher abundance of Campylobacter in the oral microbiome of Japanese patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Takayanagi Kai , Kanamori Fumiaki , Ishii Kazuki , Yokoyama Kinya , Araki Yoshio , Sumitomo Masaki , Maeda Sachi , Goto Shunsaku , Ota Shinji , Nagata Yuichi , Nishihori Masahiro , Maesawa Satoshi , Izumi Takashi , Takasu Syuntaro , Saito Ryuta 
Published: October 2023

AbstractGenetic factors alone cannot explain the pathophysiology of moyamoya disease (MMD), and environmental factors such as an immune response are thought to be involved. Oral and gut microbiomes have attracted attention as environmental factors in the pathophysiology of some vascular and autoimmune diseases. However, the relationship between MMD and these microbiomes is yet to be thoroughly investigated. This prospective case–control study aimed to compare the microbiomes of Japanese patients with MMD with those of healthy individuals to identify the specific bacteria involved in MMD. Saliva and fecal samples were collected from 16 patients with MMD who had not undergone revascularization surgery. Fifteen healthy individuals were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The microbiomes were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed using QIIME2. Differentially abundant microbes were identified using LEfSE and ANCOM-BC. In the oral microbiome, the two analytical methods showed that Campylobacter was more abundant in patients with MMD than in healthy individuals. Differences in the gut microbiome were smaller than those in the oral microbiome. In conclusion, the oral microbiome profiles of patients with MMD significantly differ from those of healthy individuals. Campylobacterspp. could be a substantial environmental factor in the pathophysiology of MMD.
The cytoprotective co-chaperone, AtBAG4, supports increased nodulation and seed protein content in chickpea without yield penalty
Authors: Thanthrige Nipuni , Weston-Olliver Grace , Das Bhowmik Sudipta , Friedl Johannes , Rowlings David , Kabbage Mehdi , Ferguson Brett J. , Mundree Sagadevan , Williams Brett 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDrought and extreme temperatures significantly limit chickpea productivity worldwide. The regulation of plant programmed cell death pathways is emerging as a key component of plant stress responses to maintain homeostasis at the cellular-level and a potential target for crop improvement against environmental stresses. Arabidopsis thaliana Bcl-2 associated athanogene 4 (AtBAG4) is a cytoprotective co-chaperone that is linked to plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we investigate whether exogenous expression of AtBAG4 impacts nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Transgenic chickpea lines expressing AtBAG4 are more drought tolerant and produce higher yields under drought stress. Furthermore, AtBAG4 expression supports higher nodulation, photosynthetic levels, nitrogen fixation and seed nitrogen content under well-watered conditions when the plants were inoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceri. Together, our findings illustrate the potential use of cytoprotective chaperones to improve crop performance at least in the greenhouse in future uncertain climates with little to no risk to yield under well-watered and water-deficient conditions.
Tumor-suppressive microRNA-152 inhibits the proliferation of Ewing’s sarcoma cells by targeting CDK5R1
Authors: Kawano Masanori , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Itonaga Ichiro , Iwasaki Tatsuya , Kubota Yuta , Tsumura Hiroshi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractWe elucidated the mechanism through which the reduced expression of miR-152 leads to the overexpression of its target cyclin-dependent kinase-5 activator 1 (CDK5R1) in Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) cells and the role of this mechanism in the proliferation of ES cells. To explore possible oncogenic factors in ES, we conducted microarray-based investigation and profiled the changes in miRNA expression and their effects on downstream mRNAs in five ES cell lines and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). miR-152 was significantly downregulated, while cyclin-dependent kinase-5 activator 1 (CDK5R1) expression was significantly upregulated in all tested ES cells as compared to hMSCs. The overexpression of CDK5R1 led to the activation of CDK5, enabling the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and persistent overexpression of CCNE. Moreover, miR-152 suppressed cell proliferation via cell cycle retardation, and its upregulation reduced tumor size and CCNE expression in tumor tissues. The overexpression of cyclin E (CCNE) has been detected in ES cells, but the detailed mechanisms have not been previously elucidated. These findings identify the miR152-CDK5R1 signaling axis as a critical mechanism for tumorigenesis that may serve as a new therapeutic target in Ewing’s sarcoma. We believe that our results will aid in the development of effective treatment strategies for patients with ES.
Comparative performance of humans versus GPT-4.0 and GPT-3.5 in the self-assessment program of American Academy of Ophthalmology
Authors: Taloni Andrea , Borselli Massimiliano , Scarsi Valentina , Rossi Costanza , Coco Giulia , Scorcia Vincenzo , Giannaccare Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractTo compare the performance of humans, GPT-4.0 and GPT-3.5 in answering multiple-choice questions from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) Basic and Clinical Science Course (BCSC) self-assessment program, available at https://www.aao.org/education/self-assessments. In June 2023, text-based multiple-choice questions were submitted to GPT-4.0 and GPT-3.5. The AAO provides the percentage of humans who selected the correct answer, which was analyzed for comparison. All questions were classified by 10 subspecialties and 3 practice areas (diagnostics/clinics, medical treatment, surgery). Out of 1023 questions, GPT-4.0 achieved the best score (82.4%), followed by humans (75.7%) and GPT-3.5 (65.9%), with significant difference in accuracy rates (always P < 0.0001). Both GPT-4.0 and GPT-3.5 showed the worst results in surgery-related questions (74.6% and 57.0% respectively). For difficult questions (answered incorrectly by > 50% of humans), both GPT models favorably compared to humans, without reaching significancy. The word count for answers provided by GPT-4.0 was significantly lower than those produced by GPT-3.5 (160 ± 56 and 206 ± 77 respectively, P < 0.0001); however, incorrect responses were longer (P < 0.02). GPT-4.0 represented a substantial improvement over GPT-3.5, achieving better performance than humans in an AAO BCSC self-assessment test. However, ChatGPT is still limited by inconsistency across different practice areas, especially when it comes to surgery.
Improved adaptive belief propagation algorithm with reduced complexity for concatenated SPC‐RS codes
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Zhang Wei , Jing Yizhe , Zhou Zhihao , Zhao Jianhan , Liu Yanyan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this letter, a novel single parity check‐aided minimum sum (SPC‐aided MS) algorithm is proposed. A cascaded compiled code scheme is used to approximate the adaptive belief propagation (ABP) algorithm for Reed–Solomon (RS) codes using the min sum (MS) algorithm. The computational complexity is greatly reduced compared with the previous algorithm. Simulation results show that the SPC‐aided MS algorithm can achieve coding gains of up to 1.1, 0.7, and 0.6 dB for RS (255,239) code compared with the conventional ABP, LRBP, and HD‐P‐ABP algorithms, respectively under the condition of .
A low‐voltage and low‐power current‐mode winner‐take‐all (maximum) circuit
Authors: Shadmehri Hossein Yaghoobzadeh , Saberi Mehdi , Rahiminejad Ehsan , Ghouchani Mohammad Tavakkoli 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this Letter, a new low‐voltage and low‐power current‐mode winner‐take‐all (WTA) circuit is proposed. The proposed circuit is able to operate with a low supply voltage requirement while exhibiting a high accuracy. Moreover, the sensitivity of the circuit to the process variations and mismatches is improved. The proposed WTA circuit is designed and simulated in a 65‐nm technology with a supply voltage of VDD = 0.9 V. The post‐layout simulation results show that the power consumption of the proposed circuit is about 72 μW with the input dynamic range of 40 μA.
Exploring the association between socio‐demographic factors and public acceptance towards fully automated vehicles: Insights from a survey in Australia
Authors: Chen Yilun , Shiwakoti Nirajan , Stasinopoulos Peter , Khan Shah Khalid , Aghabayk Kayvan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFewer studies have investigated the factors affecting fully Automated Vehicles (AVs) acceptance and their association with demographics and travel behaviour in the Australian context. Evidence shows that public opinions and adoption towards AVs may vary by country. Therefore, this study aims to systematically explore the factors affecting public opinion towards fully AVs by conducting a survey in Australia. Specifically, the study examines seven key attributes (benefits/usefulness, ease of use, attitude, data privacy, willingness to pay more, social influence, and trust) towards the opinions of AVs and their association between demographic and travel behaviour. The results from 809 Australian responses show that Australians tend to have a positive attitude toward AVs. Age and years of driving experience are the two most important factors instead of travel characteristics (e.g. frequency of driving cars, travel time by car, and distance of driving cars). Being less exposed to automation technology is likely to be the main reason affecting the adoption of AVs for the two socio‐demographic factors: age and years of driving experience. Males hold a relatively positive attitude towards AVs than females. Likewise, Australians are less likely to pay more for fully AVs than conventional vehicles. Data privacy is also concerning for Australians.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: prevalence, main characteristics, and outcomes in a Brazilian center
Authors: Santana Monize Nascimento , Ferrari Raphaela , Macedo Arthur Cassa , Marcusso Rosa Maria Nascimento , Fernandes Ruan de Andrade , Vidal José Ernesto 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Background Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) has been rarely described in low- and middle-income countries.
Objective To describe the prevalence of PML-IRIS among PLWHA with PML and its main features in a tertiary hospital in Brazil.
Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study. We included PLWHA with PML-IRIS patients admitted at Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil, between 2011 and 2021. We retrieved information on neurological manifestations, neuroimaging findings, treatments, and outcomes.
Results We identified 11 (11.8%) PML-IRIS cases among 93 patients with definite PML. Eight (73%) cases were men and had a median (IQR) age of 41 (27–50) years. Seven (63.6%) patients developed unmasking PML-IRIS and 4 (36.4%) had paradoxical PML-IRIS. The median (IQR) time from initiation of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to IRIS diagnosis was 49 (30–70) days. Ten (90.9%) patients received corticosteroids. There were 4 (36%) in-hospital deaths and 3 were associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia. Among the 7 (64%) patients who survived, 5 (71.5%) had sequelae at discharge. One year after the PML-IRIS diagnosis, 6 (54.5%) patients were alive.
Conclusion The prevalence of PML-IRIS was 11.8%. Most patients had unmasking PML-IRIS. In-hospital mortality and morbidity were high. One-year survival was similar to that described in some high-income countries.
Frontal ataxia: historical aspects and clinical definition
Authors: Bonilha Patrícia Áurea Andreucci Martins , Cassarotti Beatriz , Nunes Thabata Emanuelle Martins , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractFrontal ataxia, originally described by Bruns, is characterized by the presence of signs of frontal lobe dysfunction, such as perseveration, paratonia, frontal release signs, cognitive changes, and urinary difficulty, associated with imbalance, slow gait, broad-based, the presence of postural instability and falls, retropulsion, and bradykinesia in the lower limbs. The goal of the present study is to recall the historical aspects of this condition, to draw attention to the importance of this clinical finding for the differential diagnosis of ataxias and to review the main semiological differences between primary ataxias (frontal, cerebellar, and sensory ataxia).
Jean-Martin Charcot: the polymath
Authors: Camargo Carlos Henrique Ferreira , Coutinho Léo , Neto Ylmar Correa , Engelhardt Eliasz , Filho Pericles Maranhão , Walusinski Olivier , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni 
Published: October 2023

AbstractJean-Martin Charcot, widely regarded as a leading founder of modern neurology, made substantial contributions to the understanding and characterization of numerous medical conditions. His initial focus was on internal medicine, later expanding to include neuropathology, general neurology, and eventually emerging fields such as neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry. Furthermore, Charcot's intellectual pursuits extended beyond medicine, encompassing research in art history, medical iconography, sociology, religious studies, and the arts, solidifying his status as a polymath.
Frequency of Lymphopenia in Infants with COVID-19: Vaccination Dilemma
Authors: Atasever Neslihan Mete , Dede Elif , Demirbuğa Asuman , Kaçmaz Behiye Benaygül , Keskindemirci Gonca , Somer Ayper , Törün Selda Hançerli 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Objective Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mainly a respiratory system disease, many hematological abnormalities have been reported. Due to the application of primary immunization in infancy, our study aimed to examine the relationship between lymphopenia frequency and duration of lymphopenia in infants with COVID-19.
Methods The files of infants hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19 in the Pediatric Pandemic Service of Istanbul Medical Faculty between January 2020 and October 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, leukocyte, lymphocyte count, comorbidity, hospitalization, and lymphopenia recovery time were recorded.
Results In this study, 93 infants with COVID-19 were included. Lymphopenia was detected in 62 of these patients (n = 62/93, 66.7%). The 47.3% of the patients were female (n = 44) and the mean age was 6 ± 3.42 months. Comorbidities were detected in the 33% of the patients. Lymphopenia resolved in an average of 11 days. While the mean hospitalization period of patients with lymphopenia was 3.6 ± 2.9 (minimum: 1 and maximum: 15) days, the mean hospitalization period of patients without lymphopenia was 2.5 days. Leukopenia (p: 0.014) and lymphopenia (p: 0.005) were more common in infants with chronic disease. Similarly, the duration of hospitalization and recovery from lymphopenia were statistically significantly longer (p: 0.016). A statistically significant correlation was found between the duration of lymphopenia recovery and the duration of hospitalization (p: 0.001).
Conclusion Although we found lymphopenia as a common finding in infancy in our study, it was not observed frequently enough to require the postponement of the vaccination program due to its short duration. Vaccination should not be delayed due to lymphopenia in infants with COVID-19 to avoid a missed opportunity for vaccination.
The impact of the Prime Time Sister Circles® (PTSC) on blood pressure of low-income mid-life African American women in the United States
Authors: Gaskin Darrell J. , Zare Hossein , Ibe Chidinma A. , Yang Manshu , Jones Wehmah , Gaston Marilyn , Porter Gayle , Woods Denise L. , Balamani Michele , Jones Nicole , Rose Vivienne A. , Williams Richard Allen , Rohde Charles 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThere is a pressing need to develop and evaluate culturally tailored, community-based interventions that address hypertension management among low-income African American women. We employed a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of the Prime Time Sister Circles® Program in reducing blood pressure and body mass index among low-income African American women ages with hypertension. Study participants (N = 339) were African American women aged 40–75 years who were diagnosed with hypertension and received their primary care at government funded health centers in Washington, D.C. Compared to the usual care group, Prime Time Sister Circles® participation was associated with a reduction in systolic BP by − 2.45 (CI − 6.13, 1.23) mmHg, a reduction in diastolic BP by − 3.66 mmHg (CI − 6.32, − 0.99), and a change in BMI by − 0.26 (CI − 2.00, 1.48) from baseline to 15 months. The results suggest that culturally tailored community-based interventions can improve hypertension management in low-income women.
Context Matters: The Implications of the Mode of Service Provision for Structural and Relational Integration of Refugees in Ghana and Ethiopia
Authors: Agblorti Samuel K M , Getachew Abis , Kuhnt Jana , Muhumad Abdirahman A 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
The ever-increasing protracted refugee situations globally have put local integration of refugees into hosting societies high on the international agenda. While recent international frameworks have called for a deeper integration of refugees through the mainstreaming of refugee service provision into national service provision systems, little attention has been paid to the structures and arrangements—the so-called opportunity structures—specifically to how these can either promote or impede integration into host countries. We focus on the mode of social service provision to refugees and how this shapes the context of refugee integration in Ghana and Ethiopia taking into account the implications for structural and relational integration of refugees. We hold the view that mainstreaming service provision to refugees in camps into national systems does not necessarily lead to better refugee integration outcomes. Differences in the quality-of-service provision between humanitarian actors and hosting countries have the potential to determine integration outcomes.
Antibacterial, bacteriolytic, antibiofilm, and synergistic effects of the peel oils of Citrus microcarpa and Citrus x amblycarpa with tetracycline against foodborne Escherichia coli
Authors: Septama Abdi W , Yuandani Yuandani , Khairunnisa Nur A , Nasution Halimah R , Utami Dinda S , Kristiana Rhesi , Jantan Ibrahim 
Published: October 2023

Abstract
Citrus essential oils (EOs) have shown significant antibacterial activity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the peel oils of Citrus microcarpa and C. x amblycarpa against Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was determined by using the broth microdilution assay. The checkerboard method was used to identify synergistic effects of the EOs with tetracycline, while bacteriolysis was assessed by calculating the optical density of the bacterial supernatant, crystal violet assay was used to assess their antibiofilm. Ethidium bromide accumulation test was employed to assess efflux pump inhibition. Electron microscope analysis was performed to observe its morphological changes. The EOs of C. microcarpa and C. x amblycarpa were found to contain D-limonene major compound at 55.78% and 46.7%, respectively. Citrus microcarpa EOs exhibited moderate antibacterial against E. coli with a MIC value of 200 μg/mL. The combination of C. microcarpa oil (7.8 μg/mL) and tetracycline (62.5 μg/mL) exhibited a synergy with FICI of 0.5. This combination inhibited biofilm formation and disrupt bacterial cell membranes. Citrus microcarpa EOs blocked the efflux pumps in E. coli. Citrus microcarpa EOs demonstrated promising antibacterial activity, which can be further explored for the development of drugs to combat E. coli.
Stellar surface information from the Ca ii H&K lines – I. Intensity profiles of the solar activity components
Authors: Cretignier M , Pietrow A G M , Aigrain S 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
The detection of Earth-like planets with the radial-velocity (RV) method is currently limited by the presence of stellar activity signatures. On rotational time-scales, spots and plages (or faculae) are known to introduce different RV signals, but their corrections require better activity proxies. The best-known chromospheric activity proxies in the visible are the Ca ii H&K lines, but the physical quantities measured by their profiles need to be clarified. We first investigate resolved images of the Sun in order to better understand the spectrum of plages, spots, and the network using the Meudon spectroheliogram. We show that distinct line profiles are produced by plages, spots, and by the network component and we also derived the centre-to-limb variations of the three profiles. Some care is required to disentangle their contributions due to their similarities. By combining disc-integrated spectra from the ISS high-resolution spectrograph with SDO direct images of the Sun, we managed to extract a high-resolution emission spectrum of the different components, which tend to confirm the spectra extracted from the Meudon spectroheliogram datacubes. Similar results were obtained with the HARPS-N Sun-as-a-star spectra. We concluded using a three-component model that the temporal variation of the popular Sindex contains, on average for the 24th solar cycle: $70\pm 12{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of plage, $26\pm 12{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of network, and $4\pm 4 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of spots. This preliminary investigation suggests that a detailed study of the Ca ii H&K profiles may provide rich information about the filling factor and distribution of different types of active regions.
Rotational excitation of methanol in collisions with molecular hydrogen
Authors: Dagdigian Paul J 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT
This paper presents rate coefficients for transitions between rotational levels of the A-type and E-type nuclear spin modifications of methanol induced by collisions with molecular hydrogen. These rate coefficients are required for an accurate determination of methanol abundance in the interstellar medium, where local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions generally do not apply. Time-independent close-coupling quantum scattering calculations have been employed to calculate cross-sections and rate coefficients for the (de-)excitation of methanol in collisions with para- and ortho-H2. These calculations utilized a potential energy surface (PES) for the interaction of methanol with H2 recently computed by the explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12a coupled-cluster method that employed a correlation-consistent aug-cc-pVTZ basis. Rate coefficients for temperatures ranging from 3 to 250 K were calculated for all transitions among the first 76 rotational levels of both A-type and E-type methanol, whose energies are less than or equal to 170 K. These rate coefficients are compared with those by Rabli and Flower who carried out coupled-state calculations using a PES computed by second-order many-body perturbation theory. Simple radiative transfer calculations using the present set of rate coefficients are also reported and compared with such calculations using the rate coefficients previously computed by Rabli and Flower.