bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing effective mechanical and chemical strategies for managing Eucosma giganteana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the perennial oilseed crop, Silphium integrifolium (Asteraceae: Heliantheae)
Authors: Murrell Ebony G , Zio Konilo R , Chérémond Nervah E , Van Tassel David L 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Eucosma giganteana (Riley) is a native specialist pest of silflower, Silphium integrifolium Michx., which is currently being domesticated as a perennial oilseeds crop. The larvae of this moth attack silflower capitula and root crowns, causing both seed damage and long-term degradation of plants. To determine methods to manage E. giganteana in silflower crop fields, we conducted a laboratory bioassay and 3 field experiments to assess the effects of a suite of organic, conventional, and mechanical treatments on E. giganteana mortality and colonization of flower heads. Pyrethroids (permethrin, cyfluthrin), chlorantraniliprole, and methoxyfenozide each had significant insecticidal effects on E. giganteana in at least 2 of the experiments conducted. Nematodes marginally increased larva mortality in the laboratory bioassay and could be further investigated as a soil-applied biological control. In 2 separate field experiments, trimming the top 15% of silflower plants to delay flowering did not alone reduce E. giganteana colonization of flower heads throughout the growing season. However, when trimming was paired with a single chlorantraniliprole application, colonization of capitula was reduced by 83% over untreated control plants. Collectively, these experiments provide evidence for several treatments that could be further tested and incorporated into an integrated pest management strategy for E. giganteana.
CSST WL preparation I: forecast the impact from non-Gaussian covariances and requirements on systematics control
Authors: Yao Ji , Shan Huanyuan , Li Ran , Xu Youhua , Fan Dongwei , Liu Dezi , Zhang Pengjie , Yu Yu , Wei Chengliang , Hu Bin , Li Nan , Fan Zuhui , Xu Haojie , Guo Wuzheng 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
The precise estimation of the statistical errors and accurate removal of the systematical errors are the two major challenges for the stage IV cosmic shear surveys. We explore their impact for the China Space Station Telescope (CSST) with survey area ${\sim} 17\,500\deg ^2$ up to redshift ∼4. We consider statistical error contributed from Gaussian covariance, connected non-Gaussian covariance, and super-sample covariance. We find the non-Gaussian covariances, which is dominated by the super-sample covariance, can largely reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the two-point statistics for CSST, leading to an ∼1/3 loss in the figure of merit for the matter clustering properties (σ8–Ωm plane) and 1/6 in the dark energy equation of state (w0–wa plane). We further put requirements of systematics mitigation on intrinsic alignment of galaxies, baryonic feedback, shear multiplicative bias, and bias in the redshift distribution, for an unbiased cosmology. The 10−2–10−3 level requirements emphasize strong needs in related studies, to support future model selections and the associated priors for the nuisance parameters.
Seven classes of rotational variables from a study of 50 000 spotted stars with ASAS-SN, Gaia, and APOGEE
Authors: Phillips Anya , Kochanek C S , Jayasinghe Tharindu , Cao Lyra , Christy Collin T , Rowan D M , Pinsonneault Marc 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We examine the properties of ∼50 000 rotational variables from the ASAS-SN survey using distances, stellar properties, and probes of binarity from Gaia DR3 and the SDSS APOGEE survey. They have higher amplitudes and span a broader period range than previously studied Kepler rotators. We find they divide into three groups of main sequence stars (MS1, MS2s, MS2b) and four of giants (G1/3, G2, G4s, and G4b). MS1 stars are slowly rotating (10–30 d), likely single stars with a limited range of temperatures. MS2s stars are more rapidly rotating (days) single stars spanning the lower main sequence up to the Kraft break. There is a clear period gap (or minimum) between MS1 and MS2s, similar to that seen for lower temperatures in the Kepler samples. MS2b stars are tidally locked binaries with periods of days. G1/3 stars are heavily spotted, tidally locked RS CVn stars with periods of 10s of days. G2 stars are less luminous, heavily spotted, tidally locked sub-subgiants with periods of ∼10 d. G4s stars have intermediate luminosities to G1/3 and G2, slow rotation periods (approaching 100 d), and are almost certainly all merger remnants. G4b stars have similar rotation periods and luminosities to G4s, but consist of sub-synchronously rotating binaries. We see no difference in indicators for the presence of very wide binary companions between any of these groups and control samples of photometric twin stars built for each group.
Optical intraday variability of the blazar S5 0716+714
Authors: Tripathi Tushar , Gupta Alok C , Takey Ali , Bachev Rumen , Vince Oliver , Strigachev Anton , Kushwaha Pankaj , Elhosseiny E G , Wiita Paul J , Damljanovic G , Dhiman Vinit , Fouad A , Gaur Haritma , Gu Minfeng , Hamed G E , Kishore Shubham , Kurtenkov A , Rastogi Shantanu , Semkov E , Zead I , Zhang Zhongli 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
We present an extensive recent multiband optical photometric observations of the blazar S5 0716+714 carried out over 53 nights with two telescopes in India, two in Bulgaria, one in Serbia, and one in Egypt during 2019 November – 2022 December. We collected 1401, 689, 14726, and 165 photometric image frames in B, V, R, and I bands, respectively. We monitored the blazar quasi-simultaneously during three nights in B, V, R, and I bands; four nights in B, V, and R; two nights in V, R, and I; five nights in B and R; and two nights in V and R bands. We also took 37 nights of data only in R band. Single band data are used to study intraday flux variability and two or more bands quasi-simultaneous observations allow us to search for colour variation in the source. We employ the power-enhanced F-test and the nested ANOVA test to search for genuine flux and colour variations in the light curves of the blazar on intraday time-scales. Out of 12, 11, 53, and 5 nights observations, intraday variations with amplitudes between ∼3 and ∼20 per cent are detected in 9, 8, 31 and 3 nights in B, V, R, and I bands, respectively, corresponding to duty cycles of 75, 73, 58, and 60 per cent. These duty cycles are lower than those typically measured at earlier times. On these time-scales colour variations with both bluer-when-brighter and redder-when-brighter are seen, though nights with no measurable colour variation are also present. We briefly discuss possible explanations for this observed intraday variability.
Complex Evolutionary History With Extensive Ancestral Gene Flow in an African Primate Radiation
Authors: Jensen Axel , Swift Frances , de Vries Dorien , Beck Robin M D , Kuderna Lukas F K , Knauf Sascha , Chuma Idrissa S , Keyyu Julius D , Kitchener Andrew C , Farh Kyle , Rogers Jeffrey , Marques-Bonet Tomas , Detwiler Kate M , Roos Christian , Guschanski Katerina 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Understanding the drivers of speciation is fundamental in evolutionary biology, and recent studies highlight hybridization as an important evolutionary force. Using whole-genome sequencing data from 22 species of guenons (tribe Cercopithecini), one of the world's largest primate radiations, we show that rampant gene flow characterizes their evolutionary history and identify ancient hybridization across deeply divergent lineages that differ in ecology, morphology, and karyotypes. Some hybridization events resulted in mitochondrial introgression between distant lineages, likely facilitated by cointrogression of coadapted nuclear variants. Although the genomic landscapes of introgression were largely lineage specific, we found that genes with immune functions were overrepresented in introgressing regions, in line with adaptive introgression, whereas genes involved in pigmentation and morphology may contribute to reproductive isolation. In line with reports from other systems that hybridization might facilitate diversification, we find that some of the most species-rich guenon clades are of admixed origin. This study provides important insights into the prevalence, role, and outcomes of ancestral hybridization in a large mammalian radiation.
LncSEA 2.0: an updated platform for long non-coding RNA related sets and enrichment analysis
Authors: Zhang Guorui , Song Chao , Fan Shifan , Yin Mingxue , Wang Xinyue , Zhang Yuexin , Huang Xuemei , Li Ye , Shang Desi , Li Chunquan , Wang Qiuyu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess a wide range of biological functions, and research has demonstrated their significance in regulating major biological processes such as development, differentiation, and immune response. The accelerating accumulation of lncRNA research has greatly expanded our understanding of lncRNA functions. Here, we introduce LncSEA 2.0 (http://bio.liclab.net/LncSEA/index.php), aiming to provide a more comprehensive set of functional lncRNAs and enhanced enrichment analysis capabilities. Compared with LncSEA 1.0, we have made the following improvements: (i) We updated the lncRNA sets for 11 categories and extremely expanded the lncRNA scopes for each set. (ii) We newly introduced 15 functional lncRNA categories from multiple resources. This update not only included a significant amount of downstream regulatory data for lncRNAs, but also covered numerous epigenetic regulatory data sets, including lncRNA-related transcription co-factor binding, chromatin regulator binding, and chromatin interaction data. (iii) We incorporated two new lncRNA set enrichment analysis functions based on GSEA and GSVA. (iv) We adopted the snakemake analysis pipeline to track data processing and analysis. In summary, LncSEA 2.0 offers a more comprehensive collection of lncRNA sets and a greater variety of enrichment analysis modules, assisting researchers in a more comprehensive study of the functional mechanisms of lncRNAs.
Plant Reactome Knowledgebase: empowering plant pathway exploration and OMICS data analysis
Authors: Gupta Parul , Elser Justin , Hooks Elizabeth , D’Eustachio Peter , Jaiswal Pankaj , Naithani Sushma 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Plant Reactome (https://plantreactome.gramene.org) is a freely accessible, comprehensive plant pathway knowledgebase. It provides curated reference pathways from rice (Oryza sativa) and gene-orthology-based pathway projections to 129 additional species, spanning single-cell photoautotrophs, non-vascular plants, and higher plants, thus encompassing a wide-ranging taxonomic diversity. Currently, Plant Reactome houses a collection of 339 reference pathways, covering metabolic and transport pathways, hormone signaling, genetic regulations of developmental processes, and intricate transcriptional networks that orchestrate a plant's response to abiotic and biotic stimuli. Beyond being a mere repository, Plant Reactome serves as a dynamic data discovery platform. Users can analyze and visualize omics data, such as gene expression, gene-gene interaction, proteome, and metabolome data, all within the rich context of plant pathways. Plant Reactome is dedicated to fostering data interoperability, upholding global data standards, and embracing the tenets of the Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable (FAIR) data policy.
Ling-Ling Chen: RNA has its own features; don’t study it as a protein
Authors: Zhao Weijie 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has been a very active research area over the past 30 years. From small ncRNA – the discovery of RNA interference won the lead researchers the Nobel Prize, to long ncRNA (lncRNA), which has attracted much attention in recent years, various ncRNAs participate in all kinds of biological processes and show a variety of biomedical application prospects. Recently, National Science Review (NSR) interviewed Ling-Ling Chen, a professor at the Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science (CEMCS) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology and director of the CAS Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, to talk about the magic world of RNA.
Ling-Ling Chen and her team have been studying ncRNA for more than 10 years, and have witnessed and promoted the development of this field. They discovered unconventional lncRNAs without polyadenylated (polyA) tails or N7-methylguanosine (m7G) caps, including sno-lncRNAs (small nucleolar lncRNAs), SPAs (5' snoRNA capped and 3' polyadenylated RNAs) and circRNAs (circular RNAs), and have made remarkable progress clarifying the biogenetic mechanisms and functions of these RNAs and exploring their biomedical application. Chen said: ‘I am 45 years old. I hope I will not stagnate here, but make new discoveries.’
White adipose tissue‐derived small extracellular vesicles: A new potential therapeutic reagent for accelerating diabetic wound healing
Authors: Zhang Chi , Jiang Tao , Jiang Guoyong , Xu Xiang , Yan Chengqi , Kang Yu , Xiang Xuejiao , Liu Shuoyuan , Nie Pengjuan , Zhang Maojie , Chen Jing , Yuan Meng , Xu Yingpeng , Yang Xiaofan , Chen Zhenbing 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) have gained great attention and have been widely used in cell‐free therapies for treating diabetic non‐healing wounds in recent years. However, further clinical application of ADSC‐sEVs have been limited due to their unsolvable defects, including cumbersome extraction procedure, high cost, low yield, etc. Thus, we urgently need to find one therapeutic reagent that could not only accelerate diabetic wound healing as ADSC‐sEVs but also overcome these shortcomings. As the extraction process of adipose tissue‐derived sEVs (AT‐sEVs) is quite simple and labor saving, we put our focus on the efficiencies of white adipose tissue‐derived sEVs (WAT‐sEVs) and brown adipose tissue‐derived sEVs (BAT‐sEVs) in diabetic wound repair. After successfully isolating WAT‐sEVs and BAT‐sEVs by ultracentrifugation, we thoroughly characterized them and compared their diabetic wound healing capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. According to our study, AT‐sEVs possess similar competence in diabetic wound healing as compared with ADSC‐sEVs. While the effect of BAT‐sEVs is not as stable as WAT‐sEVs and ADSC‐sEVs, the repair efficiency is also slightly lower than the other two sEVs in some cases. In summary, we are the first to discover that WAT‐sEVs show great potential in diabetic wound repair. With advantages that are specific to tissue‐derived sEVs (Ti‐sEVs) such as time‐ and cost‐saving, high‐yield, and simple isolation procedure, we believe WAT‐sEVs could serve as a novel reliable cell‐free therapy for clinical diabetic wound treatment.
Brown adipose tissue transplantation improves skin fibrosis in localized scleroderma
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liang Zhuokai , Zhang Yingjie , Liu Juzi , Liao Yunjun , Lu Feng , Gao Jianhua , Cai Junrong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAdipose tissue transplantation shows great therapeutic potential in reversing localized scleroderma‐associated skin fibrosis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) can specifically secrete various cytokines against fibrosis, but its therapeutic potential in improving skin fibrosis has not yet been demonstrated. In this study, we have demonstrated the superior therapeutic efficacy of BAT transplantation for sclerotic skin by transplanting two distinct types of adipose tissue. In comparison to the white adipose tissue (WAT) group, mice treated with BAT transplantation exhibited a significant reduction in dermal thickness. BAT transplantation effectively reverses skin sclerosis through mechanisms involving inflammation reduction, promotion of angiogenesis, inhibition of myofibroblast accumulation, and collagen deposition. This therapeutic effect can be attributed to its unique paracrine effects. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing (RNA‐Seq) revealed upregulation of pathways associated with lipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism in BAT while downregulating pathways are related to transforming growth factor β(TGF‐β), epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inflammatory response. These findings suggest that BAT transplantation holds great promise as a novel approach for localized scleroderma treatment.
Picky eating or something more? Differentiating ARFID from typical childhood development
Authors: Silvers Elizabeth , Erlich Kimberly 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children that comprises a part of typical development and usually resolves with time. A regular concern for parents, children's picky eating is routinely addressed successfully by pediatric clinicians via anticipatory guidance and basic nutrition education. In some cases, however, a child who is a picky eater may develop a feeding and eating disorder. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is one such disorder that is often marked by an apparent lack of interest in or avoidance of food based on its sensory characteristics or on the individual's fear of possible negative consequences of consumption. ARFID is associated with significant weight loss or failure to achieve expected weight gain; nutritional deficiency; need for supplemental feeding; and/or negative psychosocial effects. The disorder can impact children's overall trajectory of growth and development. Pediatric clinicians must be aware of appropriate monitoring for the milestones of typical development in order to identify any feeding and eating disorder as soon as possible, thereby enabling early intervention and avoiding poor health outcomes. Clinicians must also familiarize themselves with the diagnostic criteria for ARFID, a rare disorder with which many may be unfamiliar.
Routine assessment of anxiety among adolescents in a primary care clinic
Authors: Theiss Michelle R. , Clement Maranda L. , Delaney Beth 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background:
Approximately 20% to 25% of all adolescents experience significant symptoms of anxiety, but only half of those adolescents are diagnosed and treated. Recent clinical guidelines recommend routine assessment of adolescent anxiety symptoms in the primary care setting to improve the rates of identification and treatment of anxiety in this population. The objective of this project was to increase early identification and referral for treatment of adolescent anxiety during primary care visits.

Methods:
This project used the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 screening tool to assess anxiety symptoms in adolescents in a school-based primary care clinic. Upon arrival to the clinic, adolescent patients completed the brief self-assessment. The provider then used the assessment score to determine the need for further assessment and referral for treatment.

Results:
Of the 51 participants, 21.6% were referred to a mental health provider following assessment, compared with 1.2% of adolescent patients seen in the 6-month period immediately preceding the project.

Conclusion:
The results indicate that screening for symptoms of anxiety in adolescents using a brief self-assessment survey is an effective method for achieving the desired outcome of increased identification and referral for treatment of anxiety symptoms in this population.
Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair
Authors: Mazek Jacek , Gnatowski Maciej , Porthos Salas Antonio , Domżalski Marcin , Mazek Mateusz 
Published: November 2023

There is no consensus as to the standard treatment of ruptured Achilles tendon. In this paper, we present an innovative method of treating Achilles tendon rupture. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous Achilles tendon repair is a minimally invasive method in the treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. This study aims to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the procedure in treating ruptured Achilles tendons and in minimizing the complications of surgical percutaneous suturing. Thirty-four patients were treated for Achilles tendon rupture using a percutaneous suturing method under the control of ultrasound. The average follow-up was ~22 months with good and excellent results. As the sural nerve can be easily displayed by high-frequency real-time ultrasonography, the percutaneous repair of the Achilles tendon rupture can be aided by intraoperative ultrasound. The presented method is a quick and efficient surgery, which allows the treatment of torn Achilles tendons in a low-invasive way. The outcomes of this method are promising and enable the reduction of complications of the classic suturing methods.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Heart Failure Outcomes in Nondiabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kommu Sharath 
Published: November 2023

Abstract:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). However, studies examining their benefits exclusively in nondiabetic patients on various HF outcomes are limited. By conducting a MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov search for randomized controlled trials, we identified 4 studies on SGLT2i with data on HF outcomes in nondiabetic patients and performed a meta-analysis. There were 10.638 nondiabetic patients, with 5316 patients in the SGLT2i group and 5322 in the placebo group included in this meta-analysis. The composite of worsening HF (hospitalization for HF or urgent visit for HF) or cardiovascular death had 726 events (13.66%) in the SGLT2i group and 907 (17.04%) in the placebo group, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.78 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.71–0.86 (P < 0.0001). There were 551 events (10.36%) of hospitalization for HF in the SGLT2i group, compared with 751 (14.11%) in the placebo group with an HR of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.62–0.81; P < 0.0001). Cardiovascular death occurred in 396 patients (7.45%) in the SGLT2i group and 452 (8.49%) in the placebo group, with an HR of 0.88 (95% CI, 0.77–1.00; P = 0.059). All-cause mortality occurred in 552 patients (10.38%) in the SGLT2i group and 586 (11.01%) in the placebo group, with an HR of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.84–1.07; P = 0.37). This study showed that in patients with HF without diabetes mellitus, SGLT2i improve HF outcomes, including a significant decrease in hospitalizations for HF and a favorable response for the outcome of cardiovascular death.