bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of reduced sedentary time on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome – a six-month exploratory RCT
Authors: Norha Jooa , Sjöros Tanja , Garthwaite Taru , Laine Saara , Saarenhovi Maria , Kallio Petri , Laitinen Kirsi , Houttu Noora , Vähä-Ypyä Henri , Sievänen Harri , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Vasankari Tommi , Knuuti Juhani , Kalliokoski Kari K. , Heinonen Ilkka H. A. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractEvidence on the long-term effects of reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) on blood pressure (BP) is scarce. Therefore, we performed a sub-analysis of the BP effects of a six-month intervention that aimed at reducing SB by 1 h/day and replacing it with non-exercise activities. Sixty-four physically inactive and sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome (58% female, 58 [SD 7] years, BP 143/88 [16/9] mmHg, SB 10 [1] h/day) were randomised into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CON, n = 31) groups. Resting BP and BP at each stage during and after a graded maximal bicycle ergometer test were measured before and after the intervention. SB, standing, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) were measured in six-second intervals at baseline and during the whole six-month intervention using hip-worn accelerometers. The analyses were adjusted for BP medication status. The intervention resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB and concomitant 20 min/day increase in MVPA. Resting systolic BP was lower in the CON group before and after the intervention. No group x time interactions were observed in resting BP or BP during exercise at submaximal or maximal intensities, or during recovery. The changes in LPA and MVPA were inversely correlated with the changes in BP during light-to-moderate intensity exercise. An intervention that resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB for six months was not sufficient at influencing BP at rest, during or after exercise in adults with metabolic syndrome. However, successfully increasing LPA or MVPA might lower BP during light-to-moderate-intensity activities.
Sub-cycle multidimensional spectroscopy of strongly correlated materials
Authors: Valmispild V. N. , Gorelov E. , Eckstein M. , Lichtenstein A. I. , Aoki H. , Katsnelson M. I. , Ivanov M. Yu. , Smirnova O. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractStrongly correlated solids are complex and fascinating quantum systems, where new electronic states continue to emerge, especially when interaction with light triggers interplay between them. In this interplay, a sub-laser-cycle electronic response is particularly attractive as a tool for the ultrafast manipulation of matter at the petahertz scale. Here we introduce a new type of nonlinear multidimensional spectroscopy, which allows us to unravel charge and energy flows in strongly correlated systems interacting with few-cycle infrared pulses and the complex interplay between different correlated states evolving on the sub-femtosecond timescale. We demonstrate that the sub-cycle spectroscopy of a single-particle electronic response is extremely sensitive to correlated many-body dynamics and provides direct access to many-body response functions. For the two-dimensional Hubbard model under the influence of ultrashort, intense electric-field transients, we resolve the sub-femtosecond pathways of charge and energy flows between localized and delocalized many-body states and the creation of a highly correlated state surviving after the end of the laser pulse. Our findings open the way towards a regime of imaging and manipulating strongly correlated materials at optical rates, beyond the multicycle approach employed in Floquet engineering, with the sub-cycle response being a key tool for accessing many-body phenomena.
Testing quantum electrodynamics in extreme fields using helium-like uranium
Authors: Loetzsch R. , Beyer H. F. , Duval L. , Spillmann U. , Banaś D. , Dergham P. , Kröger F. M. , Glorius J. , Grisenti R. E. , Guerra M. , Gumberidze A. , Heß R. , Hillenbrand P.-M. , Indelicato P. , Jagodzinski P. , Lamour E. , Lorentz B. , Litvinov S. , Litvinov Yu. A. , Machado J. , Paul N. , Paulus G. G. , Petridis N. , Santos J. P. , Scheidel M. , Sidhu R. S. , Steck M. , Steydli S. , Szary K. , Trotsenko S. , Uschmann I. , Weber G. , Stöhlker Th. , Trassinelli M. 
Published: January 2024

AbstractQuantum electrodynamics (QED), the quantum field theory that describes the interaction between light and matter, is commonly regarded as the best-tested quantum theory in modern physics. However, this claim is mostly based on extremely precise studies performed in the domain of relatively low field strengths and light atoms and ions1–6. In the realm of very strong electromagnetic fields such as in the heaviest highly charged ions (with nuclear charge Z ≫ 1), QED calculations enter a qualitatively different, non-perturbative regime. Yet, the corresponding experimental studies are very challenging, and theoretical predictions are only partially tested. Here we present an experiment sensitive to higher-order QED effects and electron–electron interactions in the high-Z regime. This is achieved by using a multi-reference method based on Doppler-tuned X-ray emission from stored relativistic uranium ions with different charge states. The energy of the 1s1/22p3/2 J = 2 → 1s1/22s1/2 J = 1 intrashell transition in the heaviest two-electron ion (U90+) is obtained with an accuracy of 37 ppm. Furthermore, a comparison of uranium ions with different numbers of bound electrons enables us to disentangle and to test separately the one-electron higher-order QED effects and the bound electron–electron interaction terms without the uncertainty related to the nuclear radius. Moreover, our experimental result can discriminate between several state-of-the-art theoretical approaches and provides an important benchmark for calculations in the strong-field domain.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that glial cells integrate homeostatic and circadian processes to drive sleep–wake cycles
Authors: Dopp Joana , Ortega Antonio , Davie Kristofer , Poovathingal Suresh , Baz El-Sayed , Liu Sha 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe sleep–wake cycle is determined by circadian and sleep homeostatic processes. However, the molecular impact of these processes and their interaction in different brain cell populations are unknown. To fill this gap, we profiled the single-cell transcriptome of adult Drosophila brains across the sleep–wake cycle and four circadian times. We show cell type-specific transcriptomic changes, with glia displaying the largest variation. Glia are also among the few cell types whose gene expression correlates with both sleep homeostat and circadian clock. The sleep–wake cycle and sleep drive level affect the expression of clock gene regulators in glia, and disrupting clock genes specifically in glia impairs homeostatic sleep rebound after sleep deprivation. These findings provide a comprehensive view of the effects of sleep homeostatic and circadian processes on distinct cell types in an entire animal brain and reveal glia as an interaction site of these two processes to determine sleep–wake dynamics.
Resilient multi-agent RL: introducing DQ-RTS for distributed environments with data loss
Authors: Canese Lorenzo , Cardarilli Gian Carlo , Di Nunzio Luca , Fazzolari Rocco , Re Marco , Spanò Sergio 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes DQ-RTS, a novel decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning algorithm designed to address challenges posed by non-ideal communication and a varying number of agents in distributed environments. DQ-RTS incorporates an optimized communication protocol to mitigate data loss between agents. A comparative analysis between DQ-RTS and its decentralized counterpart Q-RTS, or Q-learning for Real-Time Swarms, demonstrates the superior convergence speed of DQ-RTS, achieving a remarkable speed-up factor ranging from 1.6 to 2.7 in scenarios with non-ideal communication. Moreover, DQ-RTS exhibits robustness by maintaining performance even when the agent population fluctuates, making it well-suited for applications requiring adaptable agent numbers over time. Additionally, extensive experiments conducted on various benchmark tasks validate the scalability and effectiveness of DQ-RTS, further establishing its potential as a practical solution for resilient Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in dynamic distributed environments.
Physiological and biochemical variations of naturally ripened mango (Mangifera Indica L.) with synthetic calcium carbide and ethylene
Authors: Hussain Ashiq , Kausar Tusneem , Siddique Tahira , Kabir Khurram , An Qurat Ul , Rukhsar Farwa , Gorsi Faiza Iftikhar , Yaqub Shazia , Kauser Samina , Rehman Abdul , Najam Ayesha , Haroon Haseeb , Rafiu Agbaje , Korma Sameh A. , Mahdi Amer Ali 
Published: January 2024

AbstractTo meet the increasing consumer demands for fruits, the implementation of artificial ripening techniques using synthetic chemicals has become increasingly commonplace among less ethical fruit production companies in today’s global market. The objective of present work was to establish a difference in the physiological and biochemical and profiles of naturally ripened mangoes vs. those ripened by application of synthetic calcium carbide and ethylene. The application of calcium carbide at 10 g/kg mangoes resulted early ripening in 2 days, with a 3-day shelf life, as compared with 5 and 6 days, for mangoes ripened by ethylene and naturally, respectively. Higher levels of calcium carbide reduced moisture, fiber, protein and carbohydrates content and increased the ash content of mangoes, as compared to higher levels of ethylene, whereas in naturally ripened mangoes the content percentages were 80.21, 3.57, 3.05 6.27 and 4.74, respectively. Artificial ripening resulted in significant loss of ascorbic, citric and malic acid, as values were recorded 35.94, 2.12 and 0.63 mg/g, respectively, in mangoes ripened with 10 g/kg of calcium carbide. However, in naturally ripened mangoes the amounts of these acids were recorded significantly (p < 0.05) high as 52.29, 3.76 and 1.37 mg/g, respectively. There was an increase in total soluble solids (TSS) and reducing sugars, and a decrease in titratable acidity in calcium carbide (10 g/kg) treated mangoes. Elemental analyses revealed high levels of minerals in naturally ripened mangoes, with significant values of iron (0.45 mg/100 g), zinc (0.24 mg/100 g) and copper (0.17 mg/100 g). The organoleptic quality of the fruit decreased significantly (p < 0.05) as a result of the use of calcium carbide. Although use of artificial ripening techniques provides speedy ripening of mangoes, there are obvious limitations. Consequently, natural ripening should be promoted in order to have safer and more nutritious mangoes.
Benefits of statin therapy within a year after kidney transplantation
Authors: Yim Seung Hyuk , Kim Hyun Jeong , Ro Han , Ryu Jung-Hwa , Kim Myung-Gyu , Park Jae Berm , Kim Chan-Duck , Han Seungyeup , Lee Sik , Yang Jaesok , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Lee Juhan 
Published: January 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after kidney transplantation (KT). Although statins reduce cardiovascular risk and have renal benefits in the general population, their effects on KT recipients are not well-established. We studied the effects of early statin use (within 1-year post-transplantation) on long-term outcomes in 714 KT recipients from the Korean cohort study for outcome in patients with KT. Compared with the control group, statin group recipients were significantly older, had a higher body mass index, and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus. During a median follow-up of 85 months, 74 graft losses occurred (54 death-censored graft losses and 20 deaths). Early statin use was independently associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.280; 95% confidence interval 0.111–0.703) and lower death-censored graft loss (hazard ratio, 0.350; 95% confidence interval 0.198–0.616). Statin therapy significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but did not decrease the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Biopsy-proven rejection and graft renal function were not significantly different between statin and control groups. Our findings suggest that early statin use is an effective strategy for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and improving patient and graft survival after KT.
Sugars induced exfoliation of porous graphitic carbon nitride for efficient hydrogen evolution in photocatalytic water-splitting reaction
Authors: Baranowska Daria , Zielinkiewicz Klaudia , Mijowska Ewa , Zielinska Beata 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogen evolution holds great promise for addressing critical energy and environmental challenges, making it an important area in scientific research. One of the most popular photocatalysts is graphitic carbon nitride (gCN), which has emerged as a noteworthy candidate for hydrogen generation through water splitting. However, ongoing research aims to enhance its properties for practical applications. Herein, we introduce a green approach for the fabrication of porous few-layered gCN with surface modifications (such as oxygen doping, carbon deposition, nitrogen defects) with promoted performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction. The fabrication process involves a one-step solvothermal treatment of bulk graphitic carbon nitride (bulk-gCN) in the presence of different sugars (glucose, sucrose, and fructose). Interestingly, the conducted time-dependent process revealed that porous gCN exfoliated in the presence of fructose at 180 °C for 6 h (fructose_6h) exhibits a remarkable 13-fold promotion of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution compared to bulk-gCN. The studied materials were extensively characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, allowing us to propose a reaction mechanism for hydrogen evolution during water-splitting over fructose_6h. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential of employing a facile and environmentally friendly fructose-assisted solvothermal process to improve the efficiency and stability of catalysts based on graphitic carbon nitride.
Structural insights into the activation mechanism of antimicrobial GBP1
Authors: Weismehl Marius , Chu Xiaofeng , Kutsch Miriam , Lauterjung Paul , Herrmann Christian , Kudryashev Misha , Daumke Oliver 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe dynamin-related human guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1) mediates host defenses against microbial pathogens. Upon GTP binding and hydrolysis, auto-inhibited GBP1 monomers dimerize and assemble into soluble and membrane-bound oligomers, which are crucial for innate immune responses. How higher-order GBP1 oligomers are built from dimers, and how assembly is coordinated with nucleotide-dependent conformational changes, has remained elusive. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy-based structural data of soluble and membrane-bound GBP1 oligomers, which show that GBP1 assembles in an outstretched dimeric conformation. We identify a surface-exposed helix in the large GTPase domain that contributes to the oligomerization interface, and we probe its nucleotide- and dimerization-dependent movements that facilitate the formation of an antimicrobial protein coat on a gram-negative bacterial pathogen. Our results reveal a sophisticated activation mechanism for GBP1, in which nucleotide-dependent structural changes coordinate dimerization, oligomerization, and membrane binding to allow encapsulation of pathogens within an antimicrobial protein coat.
Self-Determination Theory Applications in Culturally Responsive Voice Therapy
Authors: Castro M. Eugenia , Enclade Hillary , Biel Michael 
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
Voice is a cultural construct directly linked to identity. Given the degree of cultural diversity that exists, clinicians cannot be expected to comprehend the intricacies of every culture in their patient population. This observation emphasizes the necessity of a universal approach. Research suggests that self-determination theory (SDT) can serve this purpose. SDT is a macrotheory of human motivation and personality supported by over 4 decades of empirical research that focuses on innate, universal psychological processes and needs. The primary aim of this clinical focus article is to propose the application of SDT as an evidence-based framework to guide clinicians in the provision of culturally responsive voice care.

Conclusions:
When SDT is used as a framework, it allows clinicians to foster an environment that supports the patient's basic psychological needs while being mindful of cultural diversity. This approach leads to more autonomous forms of motivation, which has been shown to result in better outcomes in the domain of health behavior change, contributing to a more satisfying and meaningful intercultural therapeutic experience.
Adaptive integral sliding mode MPPT control for wind turbines with fixed‐time convergence
Authors: Chen Qi , Wang Lin , Sun Yong , Xie Shuzong , Wang Ruiliang 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the context of increasing renewable energy penetration and the imperative for efficient utilization, this paper explores the application of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for wind turbines. The objective is to optimize wind power generation by maximizing energy capture efficiency while addressing challenges associated with behind‐the‐meter renewables, load flexibility, and encouraging prosumers' participation. This paper proposes an adaptive integral sliding mode MPPT control strategy for wind turbines in the presence of external disturbance and model uncertainties. A new fixed‐time integral sliding mode manifold is constructed, such that the singularity problem can be avoided in the controller design without using any piecewise continuous functions. Then, an adaptive fixed‐time MPPT controller is developed to ensure that the tracking error can converge to a small neighbourhood around zero in fixed time, where the upper bound of the convergence time can be pre‐set based on actual engineering needs by selecting appropriate parameters. By designing update law, no prior knowledge on the upper bound of the lumped uncertainties is required anymore in advance. Stability analysis of the closed‐loop system is conducted using Lyapunov stability theory, and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated through numerical simulations.
Social Determinants of Health Are Associated with Failed Bowel Management for Children with Anorectal Malformations
Authors: Srinivas Shruthi , Knaus Maria E. , Campbell Drayson , Jimenez Alberta Negri , Griffin Kristine L. , Pendola Gabriella , Gasior Alessandra C. , Wood Richard J. , Halaweish Ihab 
Published: January 2024

Introduction Children with anorectal malformations (ARMs) benefit from bowel management programs (BMPs) to manage constipation or fecal incontinence. We aimed to understand the role of social determinants of health (SDOH) in outcomes following BMPs in this population.
Materials and Methods A single-institution, institutional review board (IRB) approved, retrospective review was performed in children with ARM who underwent BMP from 2014 to 2021. Clinical, surgical, and SDOH data were collected. Children were stratified as clean or not clean per the Rome IV criteria at the completion of BMP. Descriptive statistics were computed. Categorical variables were analyzed via Fisher's exact tests and continuous variables with Mood's median tests.
Results In total, 239 patients who underwent BMP were identified; their median age was 6.62 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 4.78–9.83). Of these, 81 (34%) were not clean after completing BMP. Children with prior history of antegrade enema procedures had a higher rate of failure. Children who held public insurance, lived within driving distance, had unmarried parents, lived with extended family, and lacked formal support systems had a significant association with BMP failure (p < 0.05 for all). Type of ARM, age at repair, type of repair, age at BMP, and type of BMP regimen were not significantly associated with failure.
Conclusions There is a significant correlation of failure of BMPs with several SDOH elements in patients with ARM. Attention to SDOH may help identify high-risk patients in whom additional care may lead improved outcomes following BMP.
Performance of periodic EOM-CCSD for bandgaps of inorganic semiconductors and insulators
Authors: Vo Ethan A. , Wang Xiao , Berkelbach Timothy C. 
Published: January 2024

We calculate bandgaps of 12 inorganic semiconductors and insulators composed of atoms from the first three rows of the Periodic Table using periodic equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theory with single and double excitations (EOM-CCSD). Our calculations are performed with atom-centered triple-zeta basis sets and up to 64 k-points in the Brillouin zone. We analyze the convergence behavior with respect to the number of orbitals and number of k-points sampled using composite corrections and extrapolations to produce our final values. When accounting for electron–phonon corrections to experimental bandgaps, we find that EOM-CCSD has a mean signed error of −0.12 eV and a mean absolute error of 0.42 eV; the largest outliers are C (error of −0.93 eV), BP (−1.00 eV), and LiH (+0.78 eV). Surprisingly, we find that the more affordable partitioned EOM-MP2 theory performs as well as EOM-CCSD.
Efficient seismic fragility assessment method for a frictional isolated bridge constrained by shape memory alloy cables under pulse-like ground motion
Authors: Zhu Yuntao , Shu Yiwei , Zhong Jian 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Utilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) cables to constrain frictional isolated bridges is considered an efficient approach to limit bearing displacement and prevent serious earthquake damage. Accurate seismic fragility assessments of this kind of structure are crucial for aseismic decision making. However, traditional assessment methods cannot quantitatively describe the impact of the pulse effect on pulse-type seismic motions, which may lead to inaccurate assessment results. Therefore, this study deduced a novel equation for seismic fragility assessment that considers the pulse effect. Firstly, the impact of the pulse effect is quantified. Then, a multivariable probabilistic seismic demand model (MV-PSDM) is developed that is conditioned on the pulse period, peak ground velocity, structural period, maximum friction coefficient and SMA consumption. Based on the MV-PSDM, an effective approach for predicting structural seismic vulnerability is recommended, which does not require finite element modeling or nonlinear time-history analysis. Finally, a novel equation for calculating the intensity measure corresponding to 50% damage probability is deduced. The results indicate that increased friction coefficients and SMA consumption can enhance structural seismic safety under pulse-type ground motions. However, when the ratio of pulse period to structural period is too small, increased friction coefficients or SMA consumption have no meaningful effect on the seismic fragility of the structure.