bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connecting through clicks: A longitudinal examination of internet use and depressive symptoms among middle‐ and old‐aged Chinese
Authors: Mu Aruhan , Hong Ziying , Wu Xiang 
Published: January 2024

AimWhile prior investigations into the influence of internet engagement on depressive symptoms in middle‐aged and older individuals have largely been favorable, concerns persist. Some research posits that internet use may detract from direct interpersonal interactions, elevating depression risks. Here, we scrutinize these contrasting views, endeavoring to delineate the relationship between internet use, social participation, and the ensuing depressive manifestations.MethodsWe analyzed nationally representative data from three consecutive waves (2013‐T1, 2015‐T2, 2018‐T3) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study survey. Measures of social participation encompassed formal social participation (i.e., attending clubs for mahjong, chess, sports, or other activities; participation in community organizations, volunteering, or enrolling in training courses) and informal social participation (i.e., interactions with friends or extending assistance to relatives, friends, or neighbors). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a focused longitudinal mediation model.ResultsOur dataset comprised 13 671 individuals aged 45 years or older. Baseline internet use was associated with a decrease in depressive symptoms by T3 ( = −0.143, SE = 0.055). The longitudinal association between internet use and the alleviation of depressive symptoms was partially mediated by enhanced formal social participation (indirect effect  = −0.023, SE = 0.011).ConclusionsFor developing nations such as China, grappling with a rapidly aging demographic and scarce mental health infrastructure, pioneering initiatives that merge digital and formal social participation might be a valuable component in a multifaceted approach to alleviate late‐life depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 218–224.
Improving the mechanical property of the castables bonded with hydratable magnesium carboxylate by incorporating MgO fumes
Authors: Chen Jianjun , Xiao Guoqing , Ding Donghai , Sun Luyan , Zang Yunfei , Yin Chaofan , Feng Haixia , Dong Binbin , Wang Qingfeng , Qian Yuejin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that hydratable magnesium carboxylate (HMC) exhibits potential as an MgO‐based binder, but its limited medium‐temperature strength has hindered its widespread industrial application. In this study, the incorporation of MgO fumes into castables is intended to react with microsilica to form magnesium–silicate–hydrate (M–S–H), and the synergistic effect of HMC and M–S–H is anticipated to improve the mechanical properties of castables at intermediate temperatures. The effects of MgO fumes on the properties of HMC‐bonded castables were comprehensively investigated. The results demonstrate that incorporating MgO fumes into castable serves multiple functions. The ionized MgOH+ from MgO fumes hinders the hydration process of HMC, prolonging the final setting time from 13 to 98 min and improving the workability of castables. The incorporation of MC‐1100 enhanced mechanical properties at medium temperature due to the synergistic effects of brucite, HMC, and M–S–H. Specifically, the CMOR increased 20% after sintering at 800°C. Furthermore, adding MC‐1100 increases the residual strength rate of castable by 10% compared to those without MgO fumes. This can be attributed to enhanced spinel formation resulting from adding MgO fumes that improves elastic modulus and reduces elastic strain energy generation during thermal shock, thus increasing crack propagation resistance.
Transitioning patients from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab and vedolizumab for inflammatory bowel disease: what is the opportunity cost of improving access to healthcare?
Authors: Hilley Patrick , Wong Darren , Ma Ronald , Peterson Adam , De Cruz Peter 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundBiologic drugs are highly effective for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management but are key drivers of costs of care especially when administered intravenously (i.v.). Availability of subcutaneous (SC) formulations has increased convenience for patients and improved access to care, but at the cost of revenue to health services.AimsTo evaluate the economic impact of transitioning a tertiary centre IBD cohort from i.v. to SC biologic administration and assess the implications for key stakeholders.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all patients who received i.v. infliximab or vedolizumab in the outpatient infusion centre of a tertiary IBD centre between July 2019 and June 2021 was undertaken. Data were collated from electronic medical records, pharmacy dispensing systems and the hospital business intelligence unit. An economic analysis and theoretical financial/capacity impact analysis of a transition to an SC model were estimated under two scenarios using a random 10% and 30% of the patient cohort.ResultsTransitioning our IBD cohort from i.v. to SC administration would result in a loss to our health service of AU$2 732 123.75, composed of AU$1 463 003.75 in Weighted Inlier Equivalent Separation (WIES) and AU$1 269 120 in drug procurement revenue. However, it would ease capacity in the infusion centre by up to 5256 h.ConclusionsTransitioning patients to SC administration results in improved access to infusion centres and substantial savings to state governments; however, switching results in a loss of i.v. biologic‐generated WIES to health services. Alternative funding models are required to achieve sustainability in IBD care and reduce reliance on i.v. biologic‐generated income.
Acceleration of optimizing the dielectric properties of (Ca0.7Nd0.2)1−x(Li0.5Nd0.5)xTi1−y(Mg1/3Nb2/3)yO3 with the aid of machine learning
Authors: Ni Ziqi , Wang Fenglin , Guan Yeqing , Hu Kaijia , Zhao Fengyuan , Chen Xingyu , Ye Yicong , Zhang Weijun , Bai Shuxin 
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe three key properties required for microwave dielectric ceramics are suitable dielectric constant (εr), high quality factor (Q × f), and near‐zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf). Due to the intricate coupling relationship among these three properties, regulating one often leads to the deterioration of the remaining two. In this study, the synergetic regulation of dielectric properties of Ca0.7Nd0.2TiO3 was investigated to reduce τf to near‐zero while maintaining its high εr by A‐ and B‐site substitutions. To avoid the seesaw effect and improve the efficiency of composition optimization, machine learning method was introduced in this study. First, the models for predicting dielectric properties were fitted based on a small amount of high‐quality data gathered via a uniform experimental design. Then the dielectric properties of 1037 compositions of (Ca0.7Nd0.2)1−x(Li0.5Nd0.5)xTi1−y(Mg1/3Nb2/3)yO3 were predicted, from which 69 microwave dielectric ceramics with near‐zero τf and adjustable εr of 95–125 were quickly picked out, and 5 of them were proved by experiments with very high prediction accuracy. This work was finished within a period of 1 month, which proves the obvious acceleration of composition designing process of microwave dielectric ceramics with the aid of machine learning.
Revitalizing the skin: Exploring the role of barrier repair moisturizers
Authors: Madnani Nina , Deo Jyotsna , Dalal Krunal , Benjamin Brian , Murthy Vidya V. , Hegde Rashmi , Shetty Tanvi 
Published: January 2024

AbstractBackgroundMoisturizers are designed to maintain skin health and treat dermatological conditions associated with impaired skin barrier function. However, differences in their composition account for the differences in their effect.AimsThis narrative review aims to discuss the role of barrier repair moisturizers, highlight the role of different components in a moisturizer and their role in impaired skin conditions (e.g., dry, itchy, inflamed, sensitive skin, atopic eczema), and thereby empower dermatologists and pediatricians in selecting the right moisturizer.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Scopus electronic databases were searched from January 2000 to June 2023 for publications on skin barrier repair and use of barrier repair moisturizers for the treatment of dry, itchy, inflamed, sensitive skin, or atopic eczema. Studies conducted in humans, published in English for which full texts were freely available were included.ResultsThe structure and composition of lipid lamellae within the stratum corneum play an important role in maintaining an effective skin barrier and protecting the body from various external assaults. Endocannabinoid mediators play an active role in maintaining skin barrier function. Moisturizers containing physiological lipids and functional ingredients (e.g., endocannabinoids such as palmitoylethanolamide [PEA]) and based on the principles of biomimic technology are demonstrated to be beneficial for the management of conditions associated with a disrupted skin barrier.ConclusionsMoisturizer based on the innovative biomimic formulation has good cosmetic efficacy and is generally well tolerated, and the addition of PEA might represent a new generation of compounds that may be beneficial for long‐term management of impaired skin conditions.
N1‐Acetyl‐5‐methoxykynuramine, which decreases in the hippocampus with aging, improves long‐term memory via CaMKII/CREB phosphorylation
Authors: Watanabe Kazuki , Maruyama Yusuke , Iwashita Hikaru , Kato Haruyasu , Hirayama Jun , Hattori Atsuhiko 
Published: January 2024

AbstractMelatonin is a molecule ubiquitous in nature and involved in several physiological functions. In the brain, melatonin is converted to N1‐acetyl‐N2‐formyl‐5‐methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and then to N1‐acetyl‐5‐methoxykynuramine (AMK), which has been reported to strongly enhance long‐term object memory formation. However, the synthesis of AMK in brain tissues and the underlying mechanisms regarding memory formation remain largely unknown. In the present study, young and old individuals from a melatonin‐producing strain, C3H/He mice, were employed. The amount of AMK in the pineal gland and plasma was very low compared with those of melatonin at night; conversely, in the hippocampus, the amount of AMK was higher than that of melatonin. Indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (Ido) mRNA was expressed in multiple brain tissues, whereas tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (Tdo) mRNA was expressed only in the hippocampus, and its lysate had melatonin to AFMK conversion activity, which was blocked by the TDO inhibitor. The expression levels of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and PSD‐95 in whole hippocampal tissue were significantly increased with AMK treatment. Before increasing in the whole tissue, CREB phosphorylation was significantly enhanced in the nuclear fraction. In the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, we found that downregulated genes in hippocampus of old C3H/He mice were more enriched for long‐term potentiation (LTP) pathway. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that LTP and neuroactive receptor interaction gene sets were enriched in hippocampus of old mice. In addition, Ido1 and Tdo mRNA expression was significantly decreased in the hippocampus of old mice compared with young mice, and the decrease in Tdo mRNA was more pronounced than Ido1. Furthermore, there was a higher decrease in AMK levels, which was less than 1/10 that of young mice, than in melatonin levels in the hippocampus of old mice. In conclusion, we first demonstrated the Tdo‐related melatonin to AMK metabolism in the hippocampus and suggest a novel mechanism of AMK involved in LTP and memory formation. These results support AMK as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent memory decline.
Beyond age‐structured single‐species management: Optimal harvest selectivity in the face of predator–prey interactions
Authors: Bang Rasmus Noss , Steinshamn Stein Ivar 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn the single‐species literature, it is widely acknowledged that conserving young fish for future harvesting is beneficial. This finding holds great significance in fisheries economics and has garnered substantial attention over the years. In this study, a full‐blown age‐structured predator–prey model is developed and used to demonstrate that multispecies considerations may shift the optimal selection of predators towards smaller individuals, providing valuable counteractive insights. These new results offer a fresh perspective highly relevant to regulation and choice of selectivity patterns.
How Does the Slump Sitting Radiograph Increase Proportion of Segmental Instability and Kyphotic Alignment of Lumbar Degenerative Spondylolisthesis?
Authors: Zhou Qingshuang , Sun Xu , Wang Bin , Zhu Zezhang , Qiu Yong 
Published: January 2024

ObjectiveClinical and radiographic degenerative spondylolisthesis (CARDS) classification was proposed to differentiate homogenous lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS) subgroups. The sitting radiograph exhibited lumbar malalignment with maximum lumbar kyphosis, intervertebral kyphosis, and spondylolisthesis.This study aimed to assess the sitting radiograph for distribution of clinical and radiographic degenerative spondylolisthesis classification, and to elucidate its significance for exhibiting kyphotic alignment (CARDS type D) and segmental instability.MethodsA cohort of 101 patients with symptomatic lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (LDS) between September 2018 and December 2020 were recruited. The distribution and relibility of CARDS classification with or without sitting radiograph was assessed. The translational and angular range of motion and segmental instability was also evaluated. Univariate analysis of variance was used for multiple groups, and the least significant difference for two groups. Kappa consistency test of intrarater and interrater was evaluated for CARDS classification with or without sitting radiograph. Chi‐square test was used to compare paried categorical data.ResultsUtility of sitting radiographs for CARDS classification revealed higher percentage of type D than that without the sitting radiograph (p < 0.001). The sitting radiograph revealed a larger slip distance than the flexion radiograph (p = 0.003), as well as a lower slip angle than flexion radiograph (p < 0.001). The sitting‐supine modality demonstrated the largest translational range of motion compared to the sitting‐extension (p < 0.001) and flexion‐extension modalities (p < 0.001). The sitting‐supine modality showed larger angular range of motion than the flexion‐extension modality (p < 0.001). The percentage of flexion, extension, upright, supine, and sitting radiograph to identify translational instability was higher than that without sitting radiograph (p < 0.001), as well as taking angular motion ≥10° as an additional criterion for segmental instability (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe CARDS classification was reliable for LDS. The sitting radiograph showed maximal slip distance and kyphotic slip angle. Application of the sitting radiograph was necessary for evaluating segmental instability and kyphotic alignment of LDS.
Editing of ORF138 restores fertility of Ogura cytoplasmic male sterile broccoli via mitoTALENs
Authors: Xu Fengyuan , Su Tongbing , Zhang Xiaochen , Qiu Lei , Yang Xiaodong , Koizuka Nobuya , Arimura Shin‐ichi , Hu Zhongyuan , Zhang Mingfang , Yang Jinghua 
Published: January 2024

SummaryCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), encoded by the mitochondrial open reading frames (ORFs), has long been used to economically produce crop hybrids. However, the utilization of CMS also hinders the exploitation of sterility and fertility variation in the absence of a restorer line, which in turn narrows the genetic background and reduces biodiversity. Here, we used a mitochondrial targeted transcription activator‐like effector nuclease (mitoTALENs) to knock out ORF138 from the Ogura CMS broccoli hybrid. The knockout was confirmed by the amplification and re‐sequencing read mapping to the mitochondrial genome. As a result, knockout of ORF138 restored the fertility of the CMS hybrid, and simultaneously manifested a cold‐sensitive male sterility. ORF138 depletion is stably inherited to the next generation, allowing for direct use in the breeding process. In addition, we proposed a highly reliable and cost‐effective toolkit to accelerate the life cycle of fertile lines from CMS‐derived broccoli hybrids. By applying the k‐mean clustering and interaction network analysis, we identified the central gene networks involved in the fertility restoration and cold‐sensitive male sterility. Our study enables mitochondrial genome editing via mitoTALENs in Brassicaceae vegetable crops and provides evidence that the sex production machinery and its temperature‐responsive ability are regulated by the mitochondria.
Identification of transcriptional modules linked to the drought response of Brassica napus during seed development and their mitigation by early biotic stress
Authors: Bianchetti Grégoire , Clouet Vanessa , Legeai Fabrice , Baron Cécile , Gazengel Kévin , Vu Benoit Ly , Baud Sébastien , To Alexandra , Manzanares‐Dauleux Maria J. , Buitink Julia , Nesi Nathalie 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn order to capture the drought impacts on seed quality acquisition in Brassica napus and its potential interaction with early biotic stress, seeds of the ‘Express’ genotype of oilseed rape were characterized from late embryogenesis to full maturity from plants submitted to reduced watering (WS) with or without pre‐occurring inoculation by the telluric pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae (Pb + WS or Pb, respectively), and compared to control conditions (C). Drought as a single constraint led to significantly lower accumulation of lipids, higher protein content and reduced longevity of the WS‐treated seeds. In contrast, when water shortage was preceded by clubroot infection, these phenotypic differences were completely abolished despite the upregulation of the drought sensor RD20. A weighted gene co‐expression network of seed development in oilseed rape was generated using 72 transcriptomes from developing seeds from the four treatments and identified 33 modules. Module 29 was highly enriched in heat shock proteins and chaperones that showed a stronger upregulation in Pb + WS compared to the WS condition, pointing to a possible priming effect by the early P. brassicae infection on seed quality acquisition. Module 13 was enriched with genes encoding 12S and 2S seed storage proteins, with the latter being strongly upregulated under WS conditions. Cis‐element promotor enrichment identified PEI1/TZF6, FUS3 and bZIP68 as putative regulators significantly upregulated upon WS compared to Pb + WS. Our results provide a temporal co‐expression atlas of seed development in oilseed rape and will serve as a resource to characterize the plant response towards combinations of biotic and abiotic stresses.
The 8 billion milestone: Risk perceptions of global population growth among UK and US residents
Authors: Dawson Ian G. J. , Zhang Danni 
Published: January 2024

AbstractIn November 2022, the global human population reached 8 billion and is projected to reach 10 billion by 2060. Theories, models, and evidence indicate that global population growth (GPG) increases the likelihood of many adverse outcomes, such as biodiversity loss, climate change, mass migrations, wars, and resource shortages. A small body of research indicates that many individuals are concerned about the effects of GPG, and these concerns are strongly related to the willingness to engage in mitigative and preventative actions. However, scientific understanding of the factors that influence GPG risk perceptions remains limited. To help address this research gap, we conducted a study of the perceived risk of GPG among UK and US residents (N = 1029) shortly after the “8 billion milestone.” Our results confirmed that GPG is perceived as a moderate‐to‐high risk and these perceptions have a strong positive relationship with the willingness to engage in and support risk management actions. Our participants believed that the worst effects of GPG were yet to come but would largely be geographically and socially remote. Despite their willingness to engage in risk management actions, our participants reported low self‐efficacy and that governments (cf. individuals and communities) have the greatest capacity to influence GPG. Risk perceptions were strongly predicted by worldviews and were higher among our UK (cf. US) participants. We also found that the perceived benefits of GPG were low and found no evidence to suggest that risk perceptions were affected by exposure to media coverage of the 8 billion milestone.
Refining vanadium hyper‐enrichment in black shales of the Late Devonian–Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (USA)
Authors: Wang Yunfeng 
Published: January 2024

AbstractVanadium hyper‐enrichment (V ≥ 500 μg g−1) is widespread in ancient marine organic‐rich sedimentary rocks and is controlled by its source and accumulation. To understand how V source and accumulation control V hyper‐enrichment, the V hyper‐enriched organic‐rich black shales of the Late Devonian–Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (USA) were investigated here. The results imply that V in the Bakken Formation black shales is mainly derived from detritus and open ocean. Its hyper‐enrichment was always related to the complexation of V(IV) species by organic matter and/or fine clay mineral adsorption, though extremely reducing (i.e. euxinic) depositional conditions sometimes assisted in accumulating V through forming V(IV)–sulphur structure and/or V(III). Vanadium is a frequently used seawater redox indicator, but its hyper‐enrichment in marine sediments/sedimentary rocks does not always need to be redox driven. This study, thus, reminds us to be more careful when reconstructing palaeoceanographic redox states using V‐involved proxies.
Design and Testing of a New LARMbot Torso
Authors: Gao Wenshuo , Russo Matteo , Ceccarelli Marco 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Developing a robotic torso mechanism is crucial in replicating human mobility in humanoid robots. Previous research has presented the LARMbot humanoid's torso as a potential solution, which has now been improved with a novel design proposed in this paper. We conduct a kinematic analysis on the proposed LARMbot torso design, which is developed through an analysis of the human spine's structure. A kinematic model of the novel design is proposed using piecewise constant curvature to capture the relationship between input and output parameters and to represent the workspace. A prototype is utilized for conducting experiments to test the human-like movements of the novel mechanism. The outcomes show that the proposed LARMbot torso architecture can enhance performance. The generated humanoid torso prototype has the capacity to bend approximately 30 deg, and as such, it can be expected to make humanoid robots achieve human-like motion and tasks.