bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blends of Conjugated and Adhesive Polymers for Sticky Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Sutjianto James G. , Yoo Sang H. , Westerman Clayton R. , Jackson Thomas N. , Wilker Jonathan J. , Gomez Enrique D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHere, a polymer blend active layer that exhibits both electronic and adhesive properties is introduced. Various conjugated polymers are blended with a catechol‐based polymer that shows high adhesion, such that blends serve as the active layer of multifunctional sticky organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs). Blend films maintain relatively constant field‐effect charge carrier mobility in OTFTs regardless of composition. Lap shear adhesion strength tests show that all blend films exhibit adhesive properties with adhesion values ranging from 0.05 to 4.30 MPa. With relatively consistent mobility and the presence of adhesive properties at different compositions, blends of conjugated and adhesive polymers can lead to next‐generation organic transistors for stable 3D stacking and waterproof adhesive sensors.
High‐Performance Air‐Stable 2D‐WSe2/P3HT Based Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Photodetector with Broadband Visible to Near‐IR Light Detection
Authors: Khanikar Prabal Dweep , Dewan Sheetal , John John Wellington , Shukla Atul , Das Pritam , Dhara Sajal , Karak Supravat , Lo Shih‐Chun , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Das Samaresh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotodetectors that can achieve high‐speed photoresponse and high responsivity with broadband detection are essential for bio‐health monitoring, imaging, chemical sensing, and many other applications. Herein a high‐performance inorganic–organic hybrid photodetector based on a heterojunction of exfoliated 2D tungsten diselenide (WSe2) layers and solution‐processable poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl), P3HT is reported. The heterojunction shows enhanced exciton harvesting through long‐range energy transfer from P3HT to WSe2, which is confirmed using photoluminescence quenching and fluorescence decay measurements. The detector shows broadband light detection from visible to near‐infrared (NIR) (400−1100 nm), and air‐stable device performance. The device exhibits the highest responsivity of 17.6 AW−1 for low incident light intensity (<10−5 W cm−2) at 640 nm wavelength of light. Furthermore, a fast photoresponse speed with a rise/fall time of 9.5/5.1 µs, which retained its performance for more than four months under ambient conditions is demonstrated. The superior device performance presented here using an inorganic–organic hybrid heterojunction is the key to producing novel high‐performance and air‐stable photodetectors with broad spectral bandwidth.
Partition‐based distributed extended Kalman filter for large‐scale nonlinear processes with application to chemical and wastewater treatment processes
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Law Adrian Wing‐Keung , Yin Xunyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, we address a partition‐based distributed state estimation problem for large‐scale general nonlinear processes by proposing a Kalman‐based approach. First, we formulate a linear full‐information estimation design within a distributed framework as the basis for developing our approach. Second, the analytical solution to the local optimization problems associated with the formulated distributed full‐information design is established, in the form of a recursive distributed Kalman filter algorithm. Then, the linear distributed Kalman filter is extended to the nonlinear context by incorporating successive linearization of nonlinear subsystem models, and the proposed distributed extended Kalman filter approach is formulated. We conduct rigorous analysis and prove the stability of the estimation error dynamics provided by the proposed method for general nonlinear processes consisting of interconnected subsystems. A chemical process example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and to justify the validity of the theoretical findings. In addition, the proposed method is applied to a wastewater treatment process for estimating the full‐state of the process with 145 state variables.
Plasma‐catalytic synthesis of acrylonitrile from methane and nitrogen
Authors: Page Colin , Peralta Abner , Ponukumati Aditya , Moher Dillon , Foston Marcus , Thimsen Elijah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate plasma‐catalytic synthesis of hydrogen and acrylonitrile (AN) from CH4 and N2. The process involves two steps: (1) plasma synthesis of C2H2 and HCN in a nominally 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with high yield up to 90% and (2) downstream thermocatalytic reaction of these intermediates to make AN. The effect of process parameters on product distributions and specific energy requirements are reported. If the catalytic conversion of C2H2 and HCN in the downstream thermocatalytic step to AN were perfect, which will require further improvements in the thermocatalytic reactor, then at the maximum output of our 1 kW radiofrequency 13.56 MHz transformer, a specific energy requirement of 73 kWh kgAN−1 was determined. The expectation is that scaling up the process to higher throughputs would result in decreases in specific energy requirement into the predicted economically viable range less than 10 kWh kgAN−1.
Pivotal Role of Slitrk1 in Adult Striatal Cholinergic Neurons in Mice: Implication in Tourette Syndrome
Authors: Du Jung‐Chieh , Chang Man‐Hsin , Yeh Chen‐Jiun , Lee Ming Tatt , Lee Hsin‐Jung , Chuang Shu‐Hui , Chiou Lih‐Chu 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe SLIT and NTRK‐like 1 (SLITRK1) gene mutation and striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) loss are associated with Tourette syndrome (TS). ChIs comprise only 1 to 2% of striatal neurons but project widely throughout the stratum to impact various striatal neurotransmission, including TS‐related dopaminergic transmission. Here, we link striatal Slitrk1, ChI function, and dopaminergic transmission and their associations with TS‐like tic behaviors.MethodsSlitrk1‐KD mice were induced by bilaterally injecting Slitrk1 siRNA into their dorsal striatum. Control mice received scrambled siRNA injection. Their TS‐like tic behaviors, prepulse inhibition, sensory‐motor function and dopamine‐related behaviors were compared. We also compared dopamine and ACh levels in microdialysates, Slitrk protein and dopamine transporter levels, and numbers of Slitrk‐positive ChIs and activated ChIs in the striatum between two mouse groups, and electrophysiological properties between Slitrk‐positive and Slitrk‐negative striatal ChIs.ResultsSlitrk1‐KD mice exhibit TS‐like haloperidol‐sensitive stereotypic tic behaviors, impaired prepulse inhibition, and delayed sensorimotor response compared with the control group. These TS‐like characteristics correlate with lower striatal Slitrk1 protein levels, fewer Slitrk1‐containing ChIs, and fewer activated ChIs in Slitrk1‐KD mice. Based on their electrophysiological properties, Slitrk1‐negative ChIs are less excitable than Slitrk1‐positive ChIs. Slitrk1‐KD mice have lower evoked acetylcholine and dopamine levels, higher tonic dopamine levels, and downregulated dopamine transporters in the striatum, increased apomorphine‐induced climbing behaviors, and impaired methamphetamine‐induced hyperlocomotion compared with controls.InterpretationSlitrk1 is pivotal in maintaining striatal ChIs activity and subsequent dopaminergic transmission for normal motor functioning. Furthermore, conditional striatal Slitrk1‐KD mice may serve as a translational modality with aspects of TS phenomenology. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:174–189
Solvent‐Free Depolymerization of Plastic Waste Enabled by Plastic‐Catalyst Interfacial Engineering
Authors: Bai Xiaoshen , Aireddy Divakar R. , Roy Amitava , Ding Kunlun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDepolymerization of condensation polymers by chemolysis often suffers from the large usage of solvents and homogeneous catalysts such as acids, bases, and metal salts. The catalytic efficiency of heterogeneous catalysts is largely constrained by the poor interfacial contact between solid catalysts and solid plastics below melting points. We report here our discovery of autogenous heterogeneous catalyst layer on polyethylene terephthalate surfaces during the generally believed homogeneous catalytic depolymerization process. Inspired by the “contact mass” concept in industrial chlorosilane production, we further demonstrate that the construction of plastic‐catalyst solid‐solid interfaces enables solvent‐free depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate by vapor phase methanolysis at relatively low temperatures. Trace amounts of earth‐abundant element (zinc) introduced by electrostatic adsorption is sufficient for catalyzing the depolymerization. The concept of plastic‐catalyst contact mass interfacial catalysis might inspire new pathways for tackling plastic waste problems.
Carbazole‐Decorated Organoboron Emitters with Low‐Lying HOMO Levels for Solution‐Processed Narrowband Blue Hyperfluorescence OLED Devices
Authors: Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Xingdong , Chang Yufei , Wu Yuliang , Wang Shumeng , Wang Lixiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe hyperfluorescence has drawn great attention in achieving efficient narrowband emitting devices based on multiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters. However, achieving efficient solution‐processed pure blue hyperfluorescence devices is still a challenge, due to the unbalanced charge transport and serious exciton quenching caused by that the holes are easily trapped on the high‐lying HOMO (the highest occupied molecular orbital) level of traditional diphenylamine‐decorated emitters. Here, we developed two narrowband blue organoboron emitters with low‐lying HOMO levels by decorating the MR‐TADF core with weakly electron‐donating carbazoles, which could suppress the hole trapping effect by reducing the hole traps between host and MR‐TADF emitter from deep (0.40 eV) to shallow (0.14/0.20 eV) ones for facilitating hole transport and exciton formation, as well as avoiding exciton quenching. And the large dihedral angle between the carbazole and MR‐TADF core makes the carbazole act as a steric hindrance to inhibit molecular aggregation. Accordingly, the optimized solution‐processed pure blue hyperfluorescence devices simultaneously realize record external quantum efficiency of 29.2 %, narrowband emission with a full‐width at half‐maximum of 16.6 nm, and pure blue color with CIE coordinates of (0.139, 0.189), which is the best result for the solution‐processed organic light‐emitting diodes based on MR‐TADF emitters.
High glucose‐increased miR‐200c contributes to cellular senescence and DNA damage in neural stem cells
Authors: Dong Dao‐Yin , Li Pu‐Yu , Wang Ying‐Fang , Wang Ping , Wu Yu‐Han , Gao She‐Gan , Li San‐Qiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMaternal diabetes increases the risk for neural tube defects (NTDs). It is unclear if miRNAs, senescence, and DNA damage are involved in this process. In this study, we used neural stem cells as an in vitro proxy of embryonic neuroepithelium to investigate whether high glucose triggers neural stem cell senescence and DNA damage by upregulating miR‐200c, which may be responsible for NTDs.MethodsC17.2 neural stem cells were cultured with normal glucose (5 mM) or high glucose (≥16.7 mM) at different doses and time points for detecting miR‐200c levels, markers of senescence and DNA damage. Neural stem cells were exposed to antioxidant SOD1 mimetic Tempol and high glucose for 48 h to test roles of oxidative stress on the miR‐200c, senescence, and DNA damage levels. An miR‐200c mimic and an inhibitor were transfected into neural stem cells to increase or decrease miR‐200c activities.ResultsHigh glucose upregulated miR‐200c in neural stem cells. A time course study of the effect of high glucose revealed that miR‐200c initially increased at 12 h and reached its zenith at 18 h. Tempol reduced miR‐200c levels caused by high glucose. High glucose induced markers of senescence and DNA damage in neural stem cells. Tempol abolished high glucose‐induced markers of senescence and DNA damage. The miR‐200c inhibitor suppressed high glucose‐induced markers of senescence and DNA damage. Treatment with miR‐200c mimic imitates high glucose‐induced markers of senescence and DNA damage.ConclusionsWe show that high glucose increases miR‐200c, which contributes to cellular senescence and DNA damage in neural stem cells and provides a potential pathway for maternal diabetes‐induced neural tube defects.
Regularized parametric survival modeling to improve risk prediction models
Authors: Hoogland J. , Debray T. P. A. , Crowther M. J. , Riley R. D. , IntHout J. , Reitsma J. B. , Zwinderman A. H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose to combine the benefits of flexible parametric survival modeling and regularization to improve risk prediction modeling in the context of time‐to‐event data. Thereto, we introduce ridge, lasso, elastic net, and group lasso penalties for both log hazard and log cumulative hazard models. The log (cumulative) hazard in these models is represented by a flexible function of time that may depend on the covariates (i.e., covariate effects may be time‐varying). We show that the optimization problem for the proposed models can be formulated as a convex optimization problem and provide a user‐friendly R implementation for model fitting and penalty parameter selection based on cross‐validation. Simulation study results show the advantage of regularization in terms of increased out‐of‐sample prediction accuracy and improved calibration and discrimination of predicted survival probabilities, especially when sample size was relatively small with respect to model complexity. An applied example illustrates the proposed methods. In summary, our work provides both a foundation for and an easily accessible implementation of regularized parametric survival modeling and suggests that it improves out‐of‐sample prediction performance.
An engineered niche delineates metastatic potential of breast cancer
Authors: Orbach Sophia M. , DeVaull Christian Y. , Bealer Elizabeth J. , Ross Brian C. , Jeruss Jacqueline S. , Shea Lonnie D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetastatic breast cancer is often not diagnosed until secondary tumors have become macroscopically visible and millions of tumor cells have invaded distant tissues. Yet, metastasis is initiated by a cascade of events leading to formation of the pre‐metastatic niche, which can precede tumor formation by a matter of years. We aimed to distinguish the potential for metastatic disease from nonmetastatic disease at early times in triple‐negative breast cancer using sister cell lines 4T1 (metastatic), 4T07 (invasive, nonmetastatic), and 67NR (nonmetastatic). We used a porous, polycaprolactone scaffold, that serves as an engineered metastatic niche, to identify metastatic disease through the characteristics of the microenvironment. Analysis of the immune cell composition at the scaffold was able to distinguish noninvasive 67NR tumor‐bearing mice from 4T07 and 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice but could not delineate metastatic potential between the two invasive cell lines. Gene expression in the scaffolds correlated with the up‐regulation of cancer hallmarks (e.g., angiogenesis, hypoxia) in the 4T1 mice relative to 4T07 mice. We developed a 9‐gene signature (Dhx9, Dusp12, Fth1, Ifitm1, Ndufs1, Pja2, Slc1a3, Soga1, Spon2) that successfully distinguished 4T1 disease from 67NR or 4T07 disease throughout metastatic progression. Furthermore, this signature proved highly effective at distinguishing diseased lungs in publicly available datasets of mouse models of metastatic breast cancer and in human models of lung cancer. The early and accurate detection of metastatic disease that could lead to early treatment has the potential to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Patients with progression of spinal metastases who present to the clinic have better outcomes compared to those who present to the emergency department
Authors: Linzey Joseph R. , Kathawate Varun G. , Strong Michael J. , Roche Kayla , Goethe Peyton E. , Tudrick Lila R. , Lee Johan , Tripathy Arushi , Koduri Sravanthi , Ward Ayobami L. , Ogunsola Oludotun , Zaki Mark M. , Joshi Rushikesh S. , Weyburne Grant , Mayo Charles S. , Evans Joseph R. , Jackson William C. , Szerlip Nicholas J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs cancer therapies have improved, spinal metastases are increasingly common. Resulting complications have a significant impact on patient's quality of life. Optimal methods of surveillance and avoidance of neurologic deficits are understudied. This study compares the clinical course of patients who initially presented to the emergency department (ED) versus a multidisciplinary spine oncology clinic and who underwent stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) secondary to progression/presentation of metastatic spine disease.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of adult oncologic patients who underwent spinal SBRT at a single hospital from 2010 to 2021. Descriptive statistics and survival analyses were performed.ResultsWe identified 498 spinal radiographic treatment sites in 390 patients. Of these patients, 118 (30.3%) presented to the ED. Patients presenting to the ED compared to the clinic had significantly more severe spinal compression (52.5% vs. 11.7%; p < 0.0001), severe pain (28.8% vs. 10.3%; p < 0.0001), weakness (24.5% vs. 4.5%; p < 0.0001), and difficulty walking (24.5% vs. 4.5%; p < 0.0001). Patients who presented to the ED compared to the clinic were significantly more likely to have surgical intervention followed by SBRT (55.4% vs. 15.3%; p < 0.0001) compared to SBRT alone. Patients who presented to the ED compared to the clinic had a significantly quicker interval to distant spine progression (5.1 ± 6.5 vs. 9.1 ± 10.2 months; p = 0.004), systemic progression (5.1 ± 7.2 vs. 9.2 ± 10.7 months; p < 0.0001), and worse overall survival (9.3 ± 10.0 vs. 14.3 ± 13.7 months; p = 0.002).ConclusionThe establishment of multidisciplinary spine oncology clinics is an opportunity to potentially allow for earlier, more data‐driven treatment of their spinal metastatic disease.
Distribution of sentinel nodes from parotid tumors–A feasibility study
Authors: Hammarstedt‐Nordenvall Lalle , Bark Rusana , Elliot Alexandra , Von Beckerath Mathias , Gahm Caroline 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOptimum management of the N0 neck is unresolved in parotid salivary gland cancer. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) can reliably detect microscopic lymph node metastasis and its´ clinical use is increasing for head and neck tumors. The object of this study was to establish whether the technique is applicable to detect distribution of sentinel nodes for parotid tumors.Materials and MethodsProsepective observational study in 30 patients with benign or low‐grade T1‐T2N0 malignant tumors in the parotid gland planned for surgical treatment. Distribution of SN was detected with a preoperative ultrasound‐guided peritumoral injection with a technetium‐99 (Tc‐99 m) laballed tracer followed by a SPECT–CT and intraoperative measurement in the neck and parotidal tissue. In patients with cytologically suspected malignant tumor or highly unclerar cytology, SNB was also performed.ResultsSentinel nodes (SNs) were detected in 26/30 cases. Out of these, 7 presented with only one SN, whereas multiple sentinel nodes where detected in 19 cases. No SNs were found in neck level 1. SN was detected in level 5 independent of tumor location within the parotid gland. An intraparotidal distribution of SNs was more frequent in larger tumors.ConclusionsThe use of SN‐technique in the planning of surgical treatment of parotid tumors seems feasible. It may be of clinical value for patients with parotid cancer to enable a more accurate staging and to detect occult metastasis in the SNs within the parotid as well as in the neck, enabaling the possibility to surgically remove all positive SNs at primary surgery and with reduced surgical morbidity.
Antibacterial and Toxic Activity of Geopropolis Extracts from Melipona subnitida (Ducke, 1910) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Scaptotrigona depilis (Moure, 1942) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Costa dos Santos Danilo , Silva Macêdo Nair , de Sousa Silveira Zildene , Silva Pereira Raimundo Luiz , Moura Araújo Isaac , Justino Araújo Ana Carolina , Alves Gonçalves Sheila , da Silveira Regueira Neto Marcos , de Queiroz Balbino Valdir , Torres de Carvalho Airton , Oliveira de Veras Bruno , Bezerra da Cunha Francisco Assis , Melo Coutinho Henrique Douglas , Vieira Brito Samuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBacteria are associated with many infections that affect humans and present antibiotic resistance mechanisms, causing problems in health organisations and increased mortality rates. Therefore, it is necessary to find new antibacterial agents that can be used in the treatment of these microorganisms. Geopropolis is a natural product from stingless bees, formed by a mixture of plant resins, salivary secretions, wax and soil particles, the chemical composition of this natural product is diverse. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate antibacterial activity, antibiotic modulation and the toxicity of geopropolis extracts from the stingless bees, Melipona subnitida (Ducke, 1910) and Scaptotrigona depilis (Moure, 1942) against standard and multi‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Geopropolis samples were collected in a meliponary located in Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brazil. To determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and antibiotic modulation we performed broth microdilution tests. Mortality tests were used to verify extract toxicity in the model Drosophila melanogaster. The microbiological tests showing that the M. subnitida extracts had better inhibitory effects compared to S. depilis, presenting direct antibacterial activity against standard and multi‐resistant strains. The extracts potentialized antibiotic effects, suggesting possible synergy and did not present toxicity in the model used. The information obtained in this study highlights extracts as promising antibacterial agents and is the first study to evaluate bacterial activity in these extracts, in addition to verifying their modulating effects and determining toxicity in the model used.
New Cytotoxic Monoalkyl Glycerol Ether from the Red Sea Soft Coral Nephthea mollis
Authors: Eissa Ahmed H. , Abdel‐Tawab Asmaa M. , Hamed El Sayed A. E. , El‐Ablack Fawzia Z. , Ayyad Seif‐Eldin N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new monoalkyl glycerol ether, 3‐(n‐henicosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol (1), was isolated from the CH2Cl2/MeOH crude extract of the Red Sea soft coral Nephthea mollis. Additionally, three known related analogs were identified: chimyl alcohol (2), batyl alcohol (3), and 3‐(icosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol (4). The chemical structure of 3‐(n‐henicosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol was determined using advanced spectroscopic analyses, including 1D, 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Electron Ionization mass spectra (EI‐MS), and High‐Resolution Electron Spray Ionization mass spectra (HR‐ESI‐MS) analyses. Furthermore, the identification of chimyl alcohol, batyl alcohol and 3‐(icosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol was achieved by studying their EI mass fragmentation analyses and comparing their mass data with those previously reported in the literature. The cytotoxic activity of the Nephthea mollis crude extract and 3‐(n‐henicosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol was evaluated against five human cancer cell lines: HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF‐7 (breast carcinoma), NCI‐1299 (lung carcinoma), HeLa (cervical cancer cell), and HT‐29 (colon adenocarcinoma). Moreover, 3‐(n‐henicosyloxy)propane‐1,2‐diol revealed moderate cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell lines with an IC50 value of 24.1 μM, while showing inactivity against the remaining cell lines (IC50>100 μM).