bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microcystic Serous Cystadenoma Masquerading as Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor on 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT
Authors: Cai Wenjiao , Dong Yiyuan , Zhao Tingting , Dong Aisheng , Zhao Qian 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
We present 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC SPECT/CT findings in a case of microcystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreatic head. The pancreatic tumor showed intense 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC uptake mimicking neuroendocrine tumor on SPECT/CT. This case indicates that microcystic serous cystadenoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC–avid pancreatic masses.
A (Sub)field Guide to Quality Control in Hippocampal Subfield Segmentation on High-resolution T2-weighted MRI
Authors: Canada K.L. , Mazloum-Farzaghi N. , Rådman G. , Adams J.N. , Bakker A. , Baumeister H. , Berron D. , Bocchetta M. , Carr V. , Dalton M.A. , de Flores R. , Keresztes A. , La Joie R. , Mueller S.G. , Raz N. , Santini T. , Shaw T. , Stark C.E.L. , Tran T.T. , Wang L. , Wisse L.E.M. , Wuestefeld A. , Yushkevich P.A. , Olsen R.K. , Daugherty A.M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical detailsin vivo, the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements. Despite its importance, there is little guidance on best QC practices and reporting procedures. The study of hippocampal subfieldsin vivois a critical case for QC because of their small size, inter-dependent boundary definitions, and common artifacts in the MRI data used for subfield measurements. We addressed this gap by surveying the broader scientific community studying hippocampal subfields on their views and approaches to QC. We received responses from 37 investigators spanning 10 countries, covering different career stages, and studying both healthy and pathological development and aging. In this sample, 81% of researchers considered QC to be very important or important, and 19% viewed it as fairly important. Despite this, only 46% of researchers reported on their QC processes in prior publications. In many instances, lack of reporting appeared due to ambiguous guidance on relevant details and guidance for reporting, rather than absence of QC. Here, we provide recommendations for correcting errors to maximize reliability and minimize bias. We also summarize threats to segmentation accuracy, review common QC methods, and make recommendations for best practices and reporting in publications. Implementing the recommended QC practices will collectively improve inferences to the larger population, as well as have implications for clinical practice and public health.
GABA(A) receptor activation drives GABARAP-Nix mediated autophagy to radiation-sensitize primary and brain-metastatic lung adenocarcinoma tumors
Authors: Bhattacharya Debanjan , Barille Riccardo , Toukam Donatien Kamdem , Gawali Vaibhavkumar S. , Kallay Laura , Ahmed Taukir , Brown Hawley , Rezvanian Sepideh , Karve Aniruddha , Desai Pankaj B. , Medvedovic Mario , Wang Kyle , Ionascu Dan , Harun Nusrat , Wang Chenran , Baschnagel Andrew M. , Kritzer Joshua A. , Cook James M. , Pomeranz Krummel Daniel A. , Sengupta Soma 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment, targeted therapies benefit only a subset of NSCLC, while radiotherapy responses are not durable and toxicity limits therapy. We find that a GABA(A) receptor activator, AM-101, impairs viability and clonogenicity of NSCLC primary and brain metastatic cells. Employing anex vivo‘chip’, AM-101 is as efficacious as the chemotherapeutic docetaxel, which is used with radiotherapy for advanced-stage NSCLC.In vivo, AM-101 potentiates radiation, including conferring a survival benefit to mice bearing NSCLC intracranial tumors. GABA(A) receptor activation stimulates a selective-autophagic response via multimerization of GABA(A) Receptor-Associated Protein (GABARAP), stabilization of mitochondrial receptor Nix, and utilization of ubiquitin-binding protein p62. A targeted-peptide disrupting Nix binding to GABARAP inhibits AM-101 cytotoxicity. This supports a model of GABA(A) receptor activation driving a GABARAP-Nix multimerization axis triggering autophagy. In patients receiving radiotherapy, GABA(A) receptor activation may improve tumor control while allowing radiation dose de-intensification to reduce toxicity.HighlightsActivating GABA(A) receptors intrinsic to lung primary and metastatic brain cancer cells triggers a cytotoxic response.GABA(A) receptor activation works as well as chemotherapeutic docetaxel in impairing lung cancer viabilityex vivo.GABA(A) receptor activation increases survival of mice bearing lung metastatic brain tumors.A selective-autophagic response is stimulated by GABA(A) receptor activation that includes multimerization of GABARAP and Nix.Employing a new nanomolar affinity peptide that abrogates autophagosome formation inhibits cytotoxicity elicited by GABA(A) receptor activation.
Assessment of Socio-Demographic factors associated with the Utilization of Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) Among Children Under-5 years old and Pregnant Women in Nigeria: A secondary analysis of NMIS data
Authors: Omole Emmanuel Babagbotemi , Ndukwe Olachi Sandra 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMalaria remains a persistent global health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria shouldering a disproportionate burden. Despite extensive interventions, insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) have emerged as a cost-effective tool in the World Health Organization’s malaria control strategy. Utilizing data from the 2021 Nigeria Malaria Indicator Survey, this study explores socio-demographic determinants influencing ITN utilization among specific cohorts—children under-5 years and pregnant women. Findings indicate that 56% of Nigerian households possessed at least one ITN, with significant utilization observed among rural households, households from the North West and North East geopolitical zones, and households in the second and lowest wealth quintiles (p<0.05). Only 41.2% of children under-5 years old slept under an ITN on the night before the survey, underscoring notable coverage gaps. Statistical analyses reveal significant associations (p< 0.05) between ITN usage and variables such as age, residence, geopolitical zone, and wealth quintile at both bivariate and multivariate analytical levels. ITN usage decreases with increasing child age and household wealth quintile. For pregnant women, almost half (50%) in all households slept under an ITN the night before the survey. At both bivariate and multivariate analytical levels, significant associations (p< 0.05) were observed between ITN usage among pregnant women and variables such as geopolitical zone and household wealth quintile. Additionally, at the multivariate level, ITN utilization decreases with increasing educational level. Our study reveals the dynamic nature of ITN usage patterns, necessitating ongoing monitoring and adaptive strategies to address regional and socioeconomic differentials, while sustaining awareness initiatives to meet the targets set by the Nigeria National Malaria Strategic Plan.
The immune landscape of the inflamed joint defined by spectral flow cytometry
Authors: Attrill Meryl H. , Shinko Diana , Alexiou Vicky , Kartawinata Melissa ,   CHARMS study,   JIAP study, Wedderburn Lucy R. , Pesenacker Anne M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCellular phenotype and function are altered in different microenvironments. For targeted therapies it is important to understand site-specific cellular adaptations. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is characterised by joint inflammation, with frequent inadequate treatment responses. To comprehensively assess the inflammatory immune landscape, we designed a 37-parameter spectral flow cytometry panel delineating mononuclear cells from JIA synovial fluid (SF), compared to JIA and healthy control blood. Synovial monocytes and NK cells lack the Fc-receptor CD16, suggesting antibody-mediated targeting may be ineffective. B cells and DCs, both in small frequencies in SF, undergo maturation with high 4-1BB, CD71, CD39 expression, supporting T cell activation. SF effector and regulatory T cells were highly active with newly described co-receptor combinations that may alter function, and suggestion of metabolic reprogramming via CD71, TNFR2 and PD-1. Most SF effector phenotypes, as well as an identified CD4-Foxp3+ T cell population, were restricted to the inflamed joint, yet specific SF-predominant Treg (CD4+Foxp3+) subpopulations were increased in blood of active but not inactive JIA, suggesting possible recirculation and loss of immunoregulation at distal sites. This first comprehensive dataset of the site-specific inflammatory landscape at protein level will inform functional studies and the development of targeted therapeutics to restore immunoregulatory balance and achieve remission in JIA.Graphical Abstract
Quantifying the diverse contributions of hierarchical muscle interactions to motor function
Authors: O’Reilly David , Shaw William , Hilt Pauline , de Castro Aguiar Rafael , Astill Sarah L , Delis Ioannis 
Published: December 2023

SummaryThe muscle synergy concept suggests that the human motor system is organised into functional modules comprised of muscles‘working together’towards common task-goals. This study offers a nuanced computational perspective to muscle synergies, where muscles interacting across multiple scales have functionally-similar, - complementary and -independent roles. Making this viewpoint implicit to a methodological approach applying Partial Information Decomposition to large-scale muscle activations, we unveiled nested networks of functionally diverse inter- and intra-muscular interactions with distinct functional consequences on task performance. This approach’s effectiveness is demonstrated using simulations and by extracting generalisable muscle networks from benchmark datasets of muscle activity. Specific network components are shown to correlate with a) balance performance and b) differences in motor variability between young and older adults. By aligning muscle synergy analysis with leading theoretical insights on movement modularity, the mechanistic insights presented here suggest the proposed methodology offers enhanced research opportunities towards health and engineering applications.
A Graph Matching Approach to Tracking Neurons in Freely-MovingC. elegans
Authors: Jones Corinne , Barzegar-Keshteli Mahsa , Gross Alice , Obozinski Guillaume , Rahi Sahand Jamal 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMotivationRecent advances in 3D microscopy allow for recording the neurons in freely-movingC. elegansat high frame rates. In order to read out calcium activity, it is necessary to track individual neurons from frame to frame. However, doing this by hand for tens of neurons in a single ten-minute recording requires more than a hundred hours. Moreover, most methods proposed in the literature for tracking neurons focus on immobilized or partially-immobilized worms and fail with freely-behaving worms.ResultsIn this paper we present an approach based on graph matching for tracking fluorescently-marked neurons in freely-movingC. elegans. Neurites (and sometimes neurons) can be oversegmented into pieces at the preprocessing phase; our algorithm allows several segments to match the same reference neuron or neurite. We demon-strate our method on three recordings. We find that with five labeled frames we can typically track the neurons and pieces of neurites with over 75% accuracy, with more reliable annotations for the most distinctive neurons.Availability and ImplementationThe code and preprocessed data will be made available upon publication.Contactcorinne.jones@epfl.ch
Evolution of hybrid inviability associated with chromosome fusions
Authors: Boman Jesper , Näsvall Karin , Vila Roger , Wiklund Christer , Backström Niclas 
Published: December 2023

AbstractChromosomal rearrangements, such as inversions, have received considerable attention in the speciation literature due to their hampering effects on recombination. However, less is known about how other rearrangements, such as chromosome fissions and fusions, can affect the evolution of reproductive isolation. Here, we used crosses between populations of the wood white butterfly (Leptidea sinapis) with different karyotypes to identify genomic regions associated with hybrid inviability. By contrasting allele frequencies between F2hybrids that survived until the adult stage with individuals of the same cohort that succumbed to hybrid incompatibilities, we show that candidate loci for hybrid inviability mainly are situated in fast-evolving regions with reduced recombination rates, especially in regions where chromosome fusions have occurred. Our results show that the extensive variation in chromosome numbers observed across the tree of life can be involved in speciation by being hotspots for the early evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation.
The implicit influence of pitch contours and emotional timbre on P300 components in an own-name oddball paradigm
Authors: Pruvost-Robieux Estelle , Joucla Coralie , Benghanem Sarah , Guha Rudradeep , Liuni Marco , Gavaret Martine , Aucouturier Jean-Julien 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectivePrevious evidence has suggested that paralinguistic features of speech stimuli may influence the characteristics of P300 components when used in clinical evaluation of consciousness. However, it remains unknown what exact acoustic components of speech are influential in such tasks, and whether they are capable of interacting with attentional deployment (as indexed by P300) in an implicit manner.MethodTo study this question, we adapted here an auditory oddball-paradigm used in clinical practice (the “own-name” paradigm), and tested whether systematic transformations of pitch contours (i.e. rising or falling intonation) and emotional timbre (i.e. smiling or rough voices) on the participants’ names influenced P300 responses in 24 healthy participants.ResultsP300 responses to rising pitch contours were smaller than to falling pitch contours, possibly reflecting an interference of the rising contours with participant attention in the deviant-counting task. No such difference was observed with emotional timbre variations.Conclusion and SignificanceThese results suggest that the cognitive resources involved in pitch contour processing overlap more strongly than timbre with the resources required to count own-name deviants, and that rising pitch contours should be tested prospectively as a way to increase the saliency of consciousness evaluation in unconscious patients.
Multi-task machine learning reveals the neuroanatomy fingerprint of mental processing
Authors: Wang Zifan , Chen Yuzhong , Mao Wei , Xiao Zhenxiang , Cao Guannan , Toussaint Paule-J , Guo Weitong , Zhao Boyu , Sun Hailin , Zhang Tuo , Evans Alan C , Jiang Xi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMental processing delineates the functions of the human mind encompassing a wide range of motor, sensory, emotional, and cognitive processes, each of which is underlain by the neuroanatomical substrates. Identifying accurate representation of neuroanatomical substrates of mental processing could inform understanding of its neural mechanism. The challenge is that it is unclear whether a specific mental process possesses a ’neuroanatomy fingerprint’, i.e., a unique pattern of neuroanatomy that determines the mental process. We used multi-task deep learning to disentangle the neuroanatomy fingerprint of a mental process from other multiple mental processes. The neuroanatomy fingerprint is a unique set of functional activity strength of whole-brain regions with high discrimination ability (AUC = 0.99) among different mental processes. The functional activity strength distribution of neuroanatomy fingerprint unveils both common and distinct brain regions involved in different mental processes. The neuroanatomy fingerprint also addresses a long-standing hypothesis: At least in Chinese and US populations, there consistently exists a neuroanatomy fingerprint to underlie the associated mental process.One-Sentence SummaryEach mental process has a neuroanatomy fingerprint, which is represented as a unique pattern of functional activity strength of whole-brain regions, to differentiate from other different mental processes.
MechanoProDB: A Web Based Database for Exploring the Mechanical Properties of Proteins
Authors: Mesbah Ismahene , Habermann Bianca , Rico Felix 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTThe mechanical stability of proteins is crucial for biological processes. To understand the mechanical functions of proteins, it is important to know the protein structure and mechanical properties. Protein mechanics is usually investigated through force spectroscopy experiments and simulations that probe the forces required to unfold the protein of interest. While there is a wealth of data in the literature on force spectroscopy experiments and steered molecular dynamics simulations of forced protein unfolding, this information is spread and difficult to access by non-experts. Here we introduce MechanoProDB, a novel web-based database resource for collecting and mining data obtained from experimental and computational works. MechanoProDB provides a curated repository for a wide range of proteins, including muscle proteins, adhesion molecules and membrane proteins. The database incorporates relevant parameters that provide insights into the mechanical stability of proteins and their conformational stability such as the unfolding forces, energy landscape parameters and contour lengths of unfolding steps. Additionally, it provides intuitive annotations of the unfolding pathways of each protein, allowing users to explore the individual steps during mechanical unfolding. The user-friendly interface of MechanoProBD allows researchers to efficiently navigate, search and download data pertaining to specific protein folds or experimental conditions. Users can visualize protein structures using interactive tools integrated within the database, such as Mol*, and plot available data through integrated plotting tools. To ensure data quality and reliability, we have carefully manually verified and curated the data currently available on MechanoProDB. Furthermore, the database also features an interface that enables users to contribute new data and annotations, promoting community-driven comprehensiveness. The freely available MechanoProDB aims to streamline and accelerate research in the field of mechanobiology and biophysics by offering a unique platform for data sharing and analysis. MechanoProDB is freely available athttps://mechanoprodb.ibdm.univ-amu.fr.
Evolution of rhodopsin in flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) is associated with depth and migratory behaviour
Authors: Macpherson Esme , Hauser Frances E , Van Nynatten Alexander , Chang Belinda SW , Lovejoy Nathan R 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTVisual signals are involved in many fitness-related tasks and are therefore essential for survival in many species. Aquatic organisms are ideal systems to study visual evolution, as the high diversity of spectral properties in aquatic environments generates great potential for adaptation to different light conditions. Flatfishes are an economically important group, with over 800 described species distributed globally, including halibut, flounder, sole and turbot. The diversity of flatfish species and wide array of environments they occupy provides an excellent opportunity to understand how this variation translates to molecular adaptation of vision genes. Using models of molecular evolution, we investigated how the light environments inhabited by different flatfish lineages have shaped evolution in the rhodopsin gene, which is responsible for mediating dim-light visual transduction. We found strong evidence for positive selection in rhodopsin, and this was correlated with both migratory behaviour and several fundamental aspects of habitat, including depth and freshwater/marine evolutionary transitions. We also identified several mutations that likely affect the wavelength of peak absorbance of rhodopsin, and outline how these shifts in absorbance correlate with response to the light spectrum present in different habitats. This is the first study of rhodopsin evolution in flatfishes that considers their extensive diversity, and our results highlight how ecologically-driven molecular adaptation has occurred across this group in response to transitions to novel light environments.
Microglial adipose triglyceride lipase regulates neuroinflammatory and behavioural responses to LPS
Authors: Robb Josephine Louise , Machuca-Parra Arturo Israel , Boisjoly Frédérick , Coursan Adeline , Manceau Romane , Majeur Danie , Rodaros Demetra , Bouyakdan Khalil , Greffard Karine , Bilodeau Jean-François , Forest Anik , Daneault Caroline , Ruiz Matthieu , Laurent Cyril , Arbour Nathalie , Layé Sophie , Fioramonti Xavier , Madore-Delpech Charlotte , Fulton Stephanie , Alquier Thierry ,   Representative of consortium
Published: December 2023

AbstractAdipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), the enzyme that catalyses the rate-limiting step of triglyceride lipolysis, regulates inflammation in peripheral tissues. ATGL has been associated with both pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in different tissues suggesting its actions are dependent on cell type. Recent studies in microglia and macrophages suggest that lipid droplets (LD), a triglyceride storing organelle, and LD lipolysis via ATGL are important components of inflammatory responses. Here, we determined the impact of ATGL inhibition and microglia-specific ATGL loss-of-function on inflammatory and behavioural responses to acute pro-inflammatory insult. First, we evaluated the impact of lipolysis inhibition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression and secretion of cytokines in mouse primary microglia cultures. LPS led to LD accumulation in microglia and altered the expression of lipolysis regulators. The pan-lipase inhibitor ORlistat alleviated LPS-induced expression of IL-1β and IL-6. Specific inhibition of ATGL by ATGListatin had similar anti-inflammatory action on cytokines expression and secretion in both neonatal and adult microglia cultures. Second, targeted and untargeted lipidomic studies revealed that ATGL inhibition reduced LPS-induced generation of pro-inflammatory prostanoids and affected ceramide profile. Finally, the role of ATGL in neuroinflammation was assessed in a novel mouse model with inducible ATGL deletion specifically in microglia. Loss of microglial ATGL in adult male mice dampened LPS-induced expression of IL-6 and reduced LPS-induced sickness behaviour. Together, our results demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition or loss of ATGL-mediated triglyceride lipolysis reduces LPS-induced inflammation to suggest that inhibition of lipolysis plays a beneficial role in neuroinflammation.
A fast and flexible approximation of power-law adaptation for auditory computational models
Authors: Guest Daniel R. , Carney Laurel H. 
Published: December 2023

1.AbstractPower-law adaptation is a form of neural adaptation that has been shown to provide a better description of auditory-nerve adaptation dynamics as compared to simpler exponential-adaptation processes. However, the computational costs associated with power-law adaptation are high and, problematically, grow superlinearly with the number of samples in the simulation. This cost limits the applicability of power-law adaptation in simulations of responses to relatively long stimuli, such as speech, or in simulations for which high sampling rates are needed. Here, we present a simple approximation to power-law adaptation based on a parallel set of exponential-adaptation processes with different time constants, demonstrate that the approximation improves on an existing approximation provided in the literature, and provide updates to a popular phenomenological model of the auditory periphery that implements the new approximation.