bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital in-reach family-centred social prescribing pilot for children with neurodisability: mixed methods evaluation with social return on investment analysis
Authors: Gordon Laura , Hastry Megan , Bate Angela , Gordon Katie , Greaves Emily , Dimitriadou Simoni , Rapley Tim , Basu Anna Purna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Social prescribing link workers support individuals to engage with community resources, co-creating achievable goals. Most schemes are community-based, targetting adults. Vulnerable populations including hospitalized children with neurodisability and their families, could also benefit from social prescribing.

Aims
To pilot a hospital-initiated social prescribing service for children with neurodisability and their families; to explore its feasibility, acceptability and undertake social return on investment (SROI) analysis.

Methods
Mixed-methods cohort study with SROI analysis. We recruited children aged < 16y with neurodisability, identified during inpatient stays, their parents/carers and siblings. Participants received link worker support for 6 months, extending beyond hospital discharge. Pre- and post-intervention pilot data covered profile of needs (Support Star), quality of life (EQ5D/CHU-9D), wellbeing (WEMWBS/CORS) and financial strain. We undertook 22 qualitative observations of family/link worker interactions and 39 in-depth interviews with families, link workers and healthcare professionals. Together these data were analysed within a SROI to establish the costs and social value generated.

Results
Of 48 families supported by the service, 25 were recruited to the evaluation (26 children, aged 10 m-15y; 4 siblings; 36 parents). Baseline quality of life and wellbeing indices averaged below population norms. Link workers were highly effective at supporting families (only 6/151 goals unmet). Unmet need decreased by 6 months (Support Star, p < 0.001).
Families reported having felt overwhelmed when trying to adjust to new ways of life post diagnosis/discharge before link worker intervention, with little support to navigate non-medical needs. Parents, link workers and health care professionals found link worker support invaluable for making community services accessible. Families then felt more connected to their communities, and less isolated, with increased belief in their self-efficacy. Families and healthcare professionals felt that the duration of support, and eligibility criteria, should be extended. Inputs to deliver the service for 1 year (49 families) were estimated at £74,736: outcomes for the 18 families studied were estimated at a value of £205,861.

Conclusion
Hospital in-reach social prescribing is feasible, acceptable, and addresses a range of otherwise unmet needs of children with neurodisability and their families, showing a positive SROI. Other vulnerable patient groups could also benefit from this approach.

Trial registration
ISRCTN23306751 (2.8.22).
Characterization and genome analysis of lytic Vibrio phage VPK8 with potential in lysing Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from clinical and seafood sources
Authors: Jintasakul Valalak , Pattano Jiranan , Preeprem Sutima , Mittraparp-arthorn Pimonsri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium causing seafood-associated gastrointestinal illness in humans and acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp. Bacteriophages have emerged as promising biocontrol agents against V. parahaemolyticus. This study characterizes Vibrio phage VPK8, focusing on host specificity, efficiency of plating (EOP) variability across V. parahaemolyticus isolates from diverse sources and other Vibrio species, morphology, genomic features, and bacteriolytic potential.

Methods

Vibrio phage VPK8 was isolated from blood cockles in Thailand using a mixed-host approach and purified via the double-layer agar method. Host specificity was evaluated using spot assays and EOP measurements against 120 Vibrio strains, including AHPND-associated, clinical, and seafood isolates. Phage morphology was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while genomic features were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Lytic characteristics, including latent period and burst size, were determined through one-step growth curves, and bacterial growth reduction was evaluated over a 24-h.

Results

Vibrio phage VPK8 is a lytic phage with a 42,866 bp linear double-stranded genome, G + C content of 49.4%, and 48 coding sequences. Phylogenetic analysis grouped it within the Autographiviridae family, showing 95.96% similarity to Vibrio phage vB_VpaP_MGD1. Viral proteomic analysis placed VPK8 within the Pseudomonadota host group. Spot assays indicated broad lytic activity, but EOP analysis revealed high infectivity in clinical and seafood V. parahaemolyticus isolates, as well as some V. cholerae and V. mimicus strains. TEM revealed an icosahedral head (~ 60 nm) and a short tail. At a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, VPK8 exhibited a latent period of 25 min, a burst size of 115, and effectively inhibited the reference host V. parahaemolyticus PSU5124 within 6 h, maintaining its lytic activity and stability for over 24 h.

Conclusions
This study provides a detailed characterization of Vibrio phage VPK8 which exhibits targeted infectivity with high EOP in clinical and seafood V. parahaemolyticus isolates, as well as selected Vibrio species. Its stable lytic performance, rapid replication, and genomic safety suggest its potential for phage-based applications. Further studies should explore its in vivo efficacy and the genetic features contributing to phage resistance mechanisms, enhancing its potential applicability in managing Vibrio-related diseases.
Temporal trends in biosecurity in Irish pig herds using a standardized scoring system
Authors: Correia-Gomes Carla , Terezo Bárbara , Graham David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Biosecurity measures are crucial to the introduction and spread of pathogens both within and between farms. External biosecurity focuses on preventing pathogens from entering or leaving the farm, while internal biosecurity aims to limit or stop the spread of pathogens within the farm. Implementing biosecurity measures not only protects animals from disease but also has positive effects on productivity, welfare and farm profitability. By reducing the need for antimicrobials, biosecurity measures also contribute to combating antimicrobial resistance. To assess and improve biosecurity, tools like Biocheck.UGent have been developed. In Ireland, the Biocheck.UGent tool has been widely used in pig farms since 2018. The aims of this study were firstly to assess temporal trends on biosecurity scores in Irish pig farms from 2018 to 2023 using the Biocheck.UGent tool and secondly to identify areas for improvement.

Results
There was an increase in the number of annual assessments over the study period, with the majority of farms being assessed multiple times. Overall, external biosecurity scores were higher than internal scores. Improvements in the scores were observed over time for most of the subcategories for external and internal biosecurity and across the different farm types. Analysis of the subcategories within the scoring system revealed areas with lower scores, including disease management, cleaning and disinfection, and measures between compartments. Weaner-to-finisher farms tended to have lower scores compared to other farm types.

Conclusions
While external biosecurity in Irish pig farms is generally high, there is room for improvement in internal biosecurity. This study highlights the importance of continuous efforts to improve biosecurity. The data obtained will aid in estimating the cost–benefit of implementing biosecurity measures, crucial for decision-making and better returns on investments.
Protocol for a feasibility study evaluating a supported self-management intervention for stroke survivors with aphasia (StarStep study)
Authors: Wray Faye , Cruice Madeline , Kellar Ian , Forster Anne 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There is a growing evidence base to support the use of self-management interventions for improving quality of life after stroke. However, stroke survivors with aphasia have been underrepresented in research to date. It is therefore unclear if self-management is an appropriate or effective approach for this group. To address this gap in the evidence base, we have developed a supported self-management intervention (the ‘Living with Aphasia’ intervention) specifically for stroke survivors with aphasia in the first year after stroke. The StarStep study aims to assess the feasibility of implementing and evaluating the intervention (including the feasibility of participant recruitment, the feasibility of delivering facilitator training, the acceptability of the intervention, the fidelity of intervention delivery and outcome data completeness).

Methods
StarStep is a mixed-methods, non-randomised feasibility study. The Living with Aphasia intervention will be facilitated by speech and language therapists and implemented in two community stroke teams in the north of England. We aim to recruit 30 stroke survivors who have aphasia (and/or their family members) and who are ≤ 12-month post-stroke to participate in data collection for the study. Following informed consent, participants will complete a baseline data collection questionnaire which will include measures of quality of life, symptoms of depression and perceived communicative effectiveness. Follow-up questionnaires will be completed at 3-month post-intervention. Qualitative data collection will include implementation groups and semi-structured interviews with speech and language therapists, semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors with aphasia (and/or their family members) and observations of the delivery of the intervention. A joint display table will be used to integrate findings from each element of data collection in order to consider overall feasibility.

Discussion
This study will provide the information necessary to optimise data collection processes and to optimise the implementation and delivery of the self-management intervention. Feasibility data will inform decision-making regarding progression to a future definitive cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

Trial registration
ISRCTN registry, trial registration number: ISRCTN10401966. Date of registration: 07/10/2023. URL of trial registry record: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10401966.
THE ORIGIN OF THE UKRAINE WAR IN LIGHT OF A MARKET-ANARCHIST THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Slenzok Norbert 
Published: January 2025

The article undertakes two major tasks. First, the position labeled here as a market-anarchist theory of international relations (MATIR) is reconstructed. Second, the conception is applied to international politics in Central-Eastern Europe with special regard to the Ukraine war. The overarching aim of this endeavor is to highlight MATIR’s explanatory power. The central question posed in the article is: Who, in light of MATIR and some fairly uncontroversial facts, bears the main responsibility for the outbreak of the war? This research problem breaks down into two further questions: (1) How likely is it that the Ukraine war has been triggered chiefly by the West’s eastward expansion? (2) Were policies adopted by parties to the conflict reasonable given the circumstances? The upshot of the inquiry is that (1) on MATIR, Russia would have been quite likely to invade Ukraine even absent the latter’s pro-NATO foreign policy, and (2) that while Ukraine was conducting a textbook (albeit risky) policy of defensive balancing, Russia is guilty of a greatly overdone response to an exaggerated threat. Thus - John Mearsheimer and some leading proponents of MATIR such as Walter Block and Hans-Hermann Hoppe to the contrary notwithstanding - it is Russia that should be blamed for the present war. An original contribution of the article, then, lies also in putting the libertarian discourse on the Ukraine war on the right track. In terms of methodology, the paper offers purely theoretical investigations based on a rational reconstruction of the theory under discussion.
The diffusion of agricultural groundwater extraction in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Morales Martínez Daniel , Gori Maia Alexandre , Ruiz Garcia Junior 
Published: January 2025

Agricultural production in Brazil has increasingly relied on groundwater extraction, raising concerns about the sustainability of underground reservoirs. This paper compares the diffusion of the two most common types of wells used to extract groundwater for agriculture in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: conventional (low depth) and tubular (high depth). We use longitudinal municipal-level information and spatial panel models to analyze the two main drivers of groundwater extractions: climate variability (aridity) and environmental conservation (conservation agriculture and native forest conservation). Our results highlight how increasing aridification in the dry season (winter) has reduced the diffusion of conventional wells and increased the diffusion of less sustainable tubular wells. We also highlight that soil conservation and native forest preservation practices reduce the need for deep underground water extraction.
Whole-Building Life-Cycle Assessment in the Built Environment: A Ten- and Six-Story Shake-Table Test Building Case Study
Authors: Kontra Steven , Barbosa Andre R. , Sinha Arijit , Mishra Prashanna , McBain Morgan , Pei Shiling , van de Lindt John W. , Simpson Barbara G. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The utilization of mass timber engineered wood products has increased for new buildings aiming to reduce environmental impacts. Whole-building life-cycle assessment (WBLCA) has been used to quantify the environmental impacts for a building’s lifespan. While mechanisms for calculating the cradle-to-grave impacts of a single building are well established, there are few examples of WBLCA applied for buildings in their first and second life that can be used to inform perspectives and pathways related to the circular economy and lead to informed decision making. This work presents a case study WBLCA to examine the effect of overlapping system boundaries and alternative end-of-life pathways for a building structure in its first and second life. This case study analyzed a ten-story mass timber shake-table specimen that was partially deconstructed and reused as a six-story shake-table building structure. Environmental impacts were analyzed in terms of global warming potential (GWP) calculated as the sum of fossil carbon, biogenic carbon, and avoided impacts. When examining reuse and landfill pathway alternatives using current standards and practices, results show that reusing material causes a positive GWP trend in the first system boundary and negative GWP trend in the second boundary. These results could indicate that it is not advantageous to reuse the ten-story building structure, running against principles of waste hierarchy, although the interpretation should be considered with caution. Future analyses could be improved by considering additional criteria such as demand on forest stocks, economic incentives, and even social impacts for a more complete representation of sustainability.
Mechanism for Achieving Balance between Ecological Conservation and Community Forest Products Benefits: A Case Study of a Typical National Park in China
Authors: Luo Yixuan , Zhang Xiaojun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The establishment of national nature reserves has led to the protection of ecosystem diversity. In the context of China’s ecological protection system, controversies have arisen over the guarantee of dwellers’ well-being from forestland. This study uses Wuyi Mountain National Park (WYMNP) in China as an example to discuss the balance between ecological conservation and forest community benefits from forest products. Based on a cross-sectional survey, a logit regression method was adopted to explore factors influencing the ability of forestland holders within WYMNP to make productive financing decisions for forest production without policy intervention. Additionally, the government’s integrated management strategy that accelerates positive social externalities was explored. The results reveal that: before the establishment of WYMNP, forestland holders in this region that operated in the nontimber forest product (NTFP) industry had more incentives to make proactive productive financing decisions on forest production; second, enterprise forestland holders were more motivated to expand their forest products operations than individual forestland holders; finally, after the establishment of WYMNP, the government departments conducted adaptive policies including redemption of forestland and classifying the extent to which production activities could be performed. The government provides a compromise solution that supplies long-running payments in core ecological conservation areas to secure dwellers’ livelihoods, while in regular control areas, the opportunity to operate the NTFP industry is finitely provided with regular monitoring. This strategy provides insight that holistic optimization for the development of forest communities and dwellers could be incorporated into the mechanisms for the management of national parks globally.
Soy Flour-Modified pMDI Resin Improves Wood Panel Properties by Suppressing Steam Generation
Authors: Alawode Abiodun , Via Brian K. , Banerjee Sujit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Soy flour (SF) tends to retain water, and its inclusion in polymeric methyl diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) resin leads to the absorption of some of the water in the furnish, which effectively raises the boiling point of water and inhibits the formation of steam in the mat. The role of steam inhibition was confirmed through use of sodium polyacrylate, a polymer that can hold several hundred times its own weight of water. The reduced steam generation decreases steam leakage during pressing and raises the internal board pressure. Measurements made on partially bonded panels during the early stages of pressing show that SF increases bond strength (which could potentially reduce press time), reduces press blows, and decreases springback. The vertical density profiles of fully developed boards also improve. The warp of thin wood pieces bonded with pMDI when exposed to humidity is reduced when SF is included in the resin. These benefits augment the previously described advantages of SF substitution in pMDI resin, namely resin cost savings, increased cold tack, reduced platen sticking, and higher board strength.
Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis (PDKA) among newly diagnosed diabetic patients at Dilla University Hospital, Dilla, Ethiopia: Prevalence and predictors
Authors: Oromo Dinberu Oyamo 
Published: January 2025

Background
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a morbid complication of Type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM), and its occurrence at diagnosis has rarely been studied in Ethiopia, despite the many cases seen in the pediatric population.

Objective
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of DKA among patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and identify avoidable risk factors.

Method
This institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1, 2018 to December1, 2022. Newly diagnosed T1DM under 15 years were included in the study. DKA and the new diagnosis of type 1 DM were defined based on the 2022 ISPAD and other international guidelines. A data collection form was used to collect sociodemographic and clinical data. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors.

Result
Among the 61 newly diagnosed T1DM pediatric patients admitted, DKA was the initial presentation in 37 patients, accounting for 60.7% of the cases. The mean age at diagnosis was 8 (±3.85) years, with females being more affected. Clinical presentation revealed vomiting accompanied by signs of dehydration (32.4%), with polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss (26.2%) being the most common symptoms. The presence of adequate knowledge of signs and symptoms of DM (AOR = 0.07, 95%CI 0.019–0.0897, P value 0.017) and a family history of DM (AOR = 0.129 95%CI 0.019–0.897, P value 0.039) were protective factors against DKA as the initial diagnosis of DM. Moreover, new-onset type 1 DM without DKA was 1.5 times higher in children from families with a high monthly income (AOR = 1.473, 95% CI 0.679–3.195 p value 0.000) compared to those from families with low income. The presence of an infection prior to DKA (AOR = 11.69,95%CI 1.34–10.1,P value 0.026) was associated with the diagnosis of DKA at the initial presentation of DM.

Conclusion
A high number of children present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the initial diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM), which is associated with inadequate knowledge of the signs and symptoms of DM as well as the masking effect of concomitant infections in these children. Healthcare professionals should endeavor to suspect and screen children. Continuous awareness creation of DM is encouraged to diagnose diabetes mellitus earlier and to decrease the prevalence of DKA as an initial presentation.
Penehyclidine for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients receiving general anesthesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhou Junhui , Zhang Yanjiao , Zhong Wei , Xi Gaoyuan , Ma Hongxia , Wang Xiaojing 
Published: January 2025

Background
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication of general anesthesia. This affects 30–80% of patients, and leads to discomfort and extended hospital stays. The effectiveness of penehyclidine for preventing PONV remains a subject of debate in the literature. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the efficacy of penehyclidine in preventing PONV in patients who received general anesthesia.

Methods
The present systematic review and meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024523798). The present study will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, and the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) guidelines. The search will be conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and CQVIP. This will comprise articles published from the inception of the databases to April 1, 2024. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that meet the inclusion criteria would be searched. The main outcome measure is the incidence of PONV. The secondary outcome measures include the incidence of postoperative nausea, incidence of postoperative vomiting, severity of nausea, severity of vomiting, patient satisfaction, length of hospital stay and adverse effects. Two researchers will independently evaluate the quality of the selected literature, and extract the data. The quality assessment of each RCT will be independently conducted by two researchers using the GRADE approach, as recommended in the Cochrane Handbook for Risk of Bias Assessment. The meta-analysis will be conducted using RevMan 5.4.

Results
A series of studies on the use of penehyclidine to prevent PONV in patients who received general anesthesia will be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.

Conclusion
The results of the systematic review will offer valuable insights to clinicians and researchers on the use of penehyclidine as a prophylactic intervention against PONV in patients who receive general anesthesia.