bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving Multiwavelength Optical Amplification Based on Polymer Waveguides Doped with NaYF4:Er3+, Yb3+ Nanoparticles under Commercial and Convenient Led Pumping
Authors: Lv Ziyue , Shi Xiaowu , Wang Ce , Zhang Baoping , Zhang Daming , Wang Fei , Wang Xibin , Zhou Zhaoqin , Yang Xingchen , Ying Leiying , Zhu Jiyun , Huang Yuyang , Zhang Dan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRelying on a reverse energy transfer mechanism between erbium (Er3+) and ytterbium (Yb3+) ions, optical gains at wavelengths of 1550, 980, and 1067 nm are achieved in NaYF4: Er3+, and Yb3+ nanoparticles‐doped polymer waveguides under excitation of low‐power light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) instead of 976 or 1480 nm semiconductor laser as pump sources. The optical gains at 1550, 980, and 1067 nm are demonstrated in five waveguide structures: active‐rectangular, evanescent‐field with and without an aluminium (Al) reflector, and dual‐active hybrid with and without an Al reflector. The maximum relative optical gains of 6.6, 4.0, and 3.8 dBcm−1 are realized at 1550, 1067, and 980 nm, respectively, in a 5 mm long dual‐active hybrid waveguide with cross‐section of 4 × 10 µm, and a ≈100 nm‐thick Al reflector grown under the lower cladding layer under excitation of a 395 nm LED. This work proves the feasibility of using a low‐cost LED to realize multi‐wavelength amplification in a dense wavelength‐division multiplexing system and is thus valuable for the development of complex multi‐functional photonic‐integrated‐module mixed‐band optical communication systems.
Investigating Chain‐Like Core‐Shell Ge Nanowires Coated with Carbon Nanotubes Through Atomic Simulations: Implication for Improving Binding and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Zhao Dandan , Guan Yue , Zhang Lin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAtomic simulations within the classical mechanics' formalism are used to investigate the interfacial binding between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and germanium nanowires (GeNWs) as well as the mechanical properties of the chain‐like coreshell germanium nanowires coated with CNTs. The simulations at the atomic scale provide the effect of temperature, systems’ cross–sectional diameter, interfacial distance, applied tension loading on their binding degree, and deformation behaviors. The simulation results reveal that the spacing between CNT and nanowires as well as the interfaces formed between them directly affect the thermal stability and the degree of interfacial bonding of the systems. The coreshell GeNWs coated with CNTs present significantly excellent mechanical properties. The Lode‐Nadai parameters and the atomic hydrostatic pressures on the atoms can be used to identify atoms’ bearing states in different regions and the stress‐transfer paths during different stages including elasticity, plasticity, and fracture of the confined systems.
Total Syntheses of Hosieines A–C
Authors: Zhang Jiayang , Yan Xu , Zhang Qing‐Bao , Wang Fang , Yang Bin , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe collective total syntheses of (±)‐hosieines A–C with a cage‐like tetracyclic framework have been realized, which includes the first syntheses of hosieines B‐C. The key strategy of the synthesis employs a one‐pot domino reaction that involves Cu‐catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition, 1,6‐enone formation, and 1,6‐aza‐Michael addition forming the 5/6/6‐aza‐tricyclic skeleton. Other salient synthetic tactics comprise a challenging double bond migration and a 1,4‐aza‐Michael addition reaction to afford the tetracyclic framework.
Conjugated Microporous Polymers for Catalytic CO2 Conversion
Authors: Karatayeva Ulzhalgas , Al Siyabi Safa Ali , Brahma Narzary Basiram , Baker Benjamin C. , Faul Charl F. J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere are recognized as a threat to atmospheric stability and life. Although this greenhouse gas is being produced on a large scale, there are solutions to reduction and indeed utilization of the gas. Many of these solutions involve costly or unstable technologies, such as air‐sensitive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for CO2 capture or “non‐green” systems such as amine scrubbing. Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) represent a simpler, cheaper, and greener solution to CO2 capture and utilization. They are often easy to synthesize at scale (a one pot reaction in many cases), chemically and thermally stable (especially in comparison with their MOF and covalent organic framework (COF) counterparts, owing to their amorphous nature), and, as a result, cheap to manufacture. Furthermore, their large surface areas, tunable porous frameworks and chemical structures mean they are reported as highly efficient CO2 capture motifs. In addition, they provide a dual pathway to utilize captured CO2 via chemical conversion or electrochemical reduction into industrially valuable products. Recent studies show that all these attractive properties can be realized in metal‐free CMPs, presenting a truly green option. The promising results in these two fields of CMP applications are reviewed and explored here.
3D/4D printed versatile fibre‐based wearables for embroidery, AIE‐chemosensing, and unidirectional draining
Authors: Liu Pengchao , Chu Chengshengze , Qiu Wenqi , Cheng Lizi , Gu Jialun , Mao Zhengyi , Zhao Zheng , He Xinyuan , Liu Guo , Peng Chen , Man Kwan , Tang Ben Zhong , Lu Jian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFibre‐based wearables for embroidery, chemosensing, and biofluid's unidirectional draining with good flexibility, tunability, and designability drive technological advance. However, synthetic polymer fibres are non‐degradable, threatening the environment and human health. Herein, we have developed versatile microfibre‐based wearables by combining many advantages in one platform of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) and melt electrowriting strategy. Diverse potential applications of PLA wearables are achieved by flexibly designing their printing files, components and structures. Three‐dimensional printing files are generated from two‐dimensional images to fabricate ‘embroidery‐like’ patterns. PLA/aggregation‐induced emission fluorogens (AIE) chemosensors exhibit colorimetric and fluorescent colour changes upon exposure to amine vapours. Janus PLA‐cotton textiles with a hydrophobic/hydrophilic structure could facilitate unidirectional draining of sweats which is favourable for the management of temperature and humidity on the surface of skin. The proposed platform can not only broaden the design possibilities in 3D/4D printing but also offer wide potential applications for functional wearables.
Personal journeys to and in human genetics and dysmorphology
Authors: Schwartz Charles E. , Aylsworth Arthur S. , Allanson Judith , Battaglia Agatino , Carey John C. , Curry Cynthia J. , Davies Kay E. , Eichler Evan E. , Graham John M. , Hall Bryan , Hall Judith G. , Holmes Lewis B. , Hoyme H. Eugene , Hunter Alasdair , Innis Jeffrey , Johnson John , Keppler‐Noreuil Kim M. , Leroy Jules G. , Moore Cynthia , Nelson David L. , Neri Giovanni , Opitz John M. , Picketts David , Raymond F. Lucy , Shalev Stavit Allon , Stevenson Roger E. , Stumpel Connie T. R. M. , Sutherland Grant , Viskochil David H. , Weaver David D. , Zackai Elaine H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGenetics has become a critical component of medicine over the past five to six decades. Alongside genetics, a relatively new discipline, dysmorphology, has also begun to play an important role in providing critically important diagnoses to individuals and families. Both have become indispensable to unraveling rare diseases. Almost every medical specialty relies on individuals experienced in these specialties to provide diagnoses for patients who present themselves to other doctors. Additionally, both specialties have become reliant on molecular geneticists to identify genes associated with human disorders. Many of the medical geneticists, dysmorphologists, and molecular geneticists traveled a circuitous route before arriving at the position they occupied. The purpose of collecting the memoirs contained in this article was to convey to the reader that many of the individuals who contributed to the advancement of genetics and dysmorphology since the late 1960s/early 1970s traveled along a journey based on many chances taken, replying to the necessities they faced along the way before finding full enjoyment in the practice of medical and human genetics or dysmorphology. Additionally, and of equal importance, all exhibited an ability to evolve with their field of expertise as human genetics became human genomics with the development of novel technologies.
Cerebellar heterotopia in an 11‐year‐old child with KDM6B‐related neurodevelopmental disorder: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Politano Davide , D'Abrusco Fulvio , Pasca Ludovica , Ferraro Francesca , Gana Simone , Garau Jessica , Zanaboni Martina Paola , Rognone Elisa , Pichiecchio Anna , Borgatti Renato , Valente Enza Maria , De Giorgis Valentina , Romaniello Romina 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHeterozygous pathogenic variants in KDM6B have recently been associated to a rare neurodevelopmental disorder referred to as “Neurodevelopmental disorder with coarse facies and mild distal skeletal abnormalities” and characterized by non‐pathognomonic facial and body dysmorphisms, a wide range of neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorders and nonspecific neuroradiological findings. KDM6B encodes a histone demethylase, expressed in different tissues during development, which regulates gene expression through the modulation of chromatin accessibility by RNA polymerase. We herein describe a 11‐year‐old male patient carrying a novel de novo pathogenic variant in KDM6B exhibiting facial dysmorphisms, dysgraphia, behavioral traits relatable to oppositional defiant, autism spectrum, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, a single seizure episode, and a neuroimaging finding of a single cerebellar heterotopic nodule, never described to date in this genetic condition. These findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of this syndrome, highlighting the potential role for KDM6B in cerebellar development and providing valuable insights for genetic counseling.
The role and molecular mechanisms of the early growth response 3 gene in schizophrenia
Authors: He Qi , Li Ruochun , Zhong Nannan , Ma Jie , Nie Fayi , Zhang Rui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSchizophrenia is a chronic, debilitating mental illness caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors play a major role in schizophrenia development. Early growth response 3 (EGR3) is a member of the EGR family, which is associated with schizophrenia. Accumulating studies have investigated the relationship between EGR3 and schizophrenia. However, the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia pathogenesis remains unclear. In the present review, we focus on the progress of research related to the role of EGR3 in schizophrenia, including association studies between EGR3 and schizophrenia, abnormal gene expressional analysis of EGR3 in schizophrenia, biological function studies of EGR3 in schizophrenia, the molecular regulatory mechanism of EGR3 and schizophrenia susceptibility candidate genes, and possible role of EGR3 in the immune system function in schizophrenia. In summary, EGR3 is a schizophrenia risk candidate factor and has comprehensive regulatory roles in schizophrenia pathogenesis. Further studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of EGR3 in schizophrenia are warranted for understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder as well as the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment and control of this disorder.
Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in the continuum of dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Diaz‐Galvan Patricia , Przybelski Scott A. , Algeciras‐Schimnich Alicia , Figdore Dan J. , Lesnick Timothy G. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Senjem Matthew L. , Gunter Jeffrey L. , Jack Clifford R. , Min Paul H , Jain Manoj K. , Miyagawa Toji , Forsberg Leah K. , Fields Julie A. , Savica Rodolfo , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Ramanan Vijay K. , Jones David T. , Botha Hugo , St Louis Erik K. , Knopman David S. , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Ferman Tanis J. , Petersen Ronald C. , Lowe Val J. , Boeve Bradley F. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPatients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) may have Alzheimers disease (AD) pathology that can be detected by plasma biomarkers. Our objective was to evaluate plasma biomarkers of AD and their association with positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers of amyloid and tau deposition in the continuum of DLB, starting from prodromal stages of the disease.METHODSThe cohort included patients with isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI‐LB), or DLB, with a concurrent blood draw and PET scans.RESULTSAbnormal levels of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were found at the prodromal stage of MCI‐LB in association with increased amyloid PET. Abnormal levels of plasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)‐181 and neurofilament light (NfL) were found at the DLB stage. Plasma p‐tau‐181 showed the highest accuracy in detecting abnormal amyloid and tau PET in patients with DLB.DISCUSSIONThe range of AD co‐pathology can be detected with plasma biomarkers in the DLB continuum, particularly with plasma p‐tau‐181 and GFAP.
NIR‐II Conjugated Electrolytes as Biomimetics of Lipid Bilayers for In Vivo Liposome Tracking
Authors: Meng Yingying , Gao Ji , Zhou Peirong , Qin Xudong , Tian Miao , Wang Xiaohui , Zhou Cheng , Li Kai , Huang Fei , Cao Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLiposomes serve as promising and versatile vehicles for drug delivery. Tracking these nanosized vesicles, particularly in vivo, is crucial for understanding their pharmacokinetics. This study introduces the design and synthesis of three new conjugated electrolyte (CE) molecules, which emit in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II), facilitating deeper tissue penetration. Additionally, these CEs, acting as biomimetics of lipid bilayers, demonstrate superior compatibility with lipid membranes compared to commonly used carbocyanine dyes like DiR. To counteract the aggregation‐caused quenching effect, CEs employ a twisted backbone, as such their fluorescence intensities can effectively enhance after a fluorophore multimerization strategy. Notably, a “passive” method was employed to integrate CEs into liposomes during the liposome formation, and membrane incorporation efficiency was significantly promoted to nearly 100%. To validate the in vivo tracking capability, the CE‐containing liposomes were functionalized with cyclic arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, serving as tumor‐targeting ligands. Clear fluorescent images visualizing tumor site in living mice were captured by collecting the NIR‐II emission. Uniquely, these CEs exhibit additional emission peak in visible region, enabling in vitro subcellular analysis using routine confocal microscopy. These results underscore the potential of CEs as a new‐generation of membrane‐targeting probes to facilitate the liposome‐based medicine research.
sp3‐Rich Heterocycle Synthesis on DNA: Application to DNA‐Encoded Library Production
Authors: Gruber Felix , McDonagh Anthony W. , Rose Victoria , Hunter James , Guasch Laura , Martin Rainer E. , Geigle Stefanie N. , Britton Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDNA encoded library (DEL) synthesis represents a convenient means to produce, annotate and store large collections of compounds in a small volume. While DELs are well suited for drug discovery campaigns, the chemistry used in their production must be compatible with the DNA tag, which can limit compound class accessibility. As a result, most DELs are heavily populated with peptidomimetic and sp2‐rich molecules. Herein, we show that sp3‐rich mono‐ and bicyclic heterocycles can be made on DNA from ketochlorohydrin aldol products through a reductive amination and cyclization process. The resulting hydroxypyrrolidines possess structural features that are desirable for DELs and target a distinct region of pharmaceutically relevant chemical space.
A review of the status, threats and management priorities of a remnant population of Indus River dolphins in the Beas River, India
Authors: Braulik Gill , Kanwar Gitanjali , Nawab Asghar , Khan Mohammad Shahnawaz , Behera Sandeep K. , Rajkumar Basanta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Indus River dolphin (Platanista minor) is a severely threatened species of freshwater dolphin that occurs only in the lower Indus River system of Pakistan and India. The dolphin's range has declined by 80% since the 1870s, and total species abundance is estimated as approximately 2000 individuals.
In 2007, a remnant population of Indus dolphins was discovered above Harike Barrage, in the Beas River in India, 600 km away from all other individuals of its species. This paper provides an overview of the conservation status of Indus dolphins in the Beas River, details the threats they face, and suggests priorities for their conservation and management.
Between 2011 and 2022, 40 dolphin direct count surveys were conducted. Indus dolphins occur only in the lower third of the Beas River and reported counts have been from one to eight individuals. The data do not indicate an increase in abundance, and instead suggest a potential decrease; however, sightings of calves continue to be reported annually indicating reproduction is still taking place.
Threats to the Beas River dolphin population include accidental entanglement in fishing gear, pollution, escapement downstream of Harike barrage, altered and depleted river flow regimes' and the effects of a very small population size. Urgent conservation measures are essential if this small, but important satellite population is to persist.
Recommended management actions include the complete removal of fishing nets from dolphin habitat, reducing pollution, ensuring adequate river discharge to sustain aquatic ecology including dolphins, evaluating and monitoring dolphin movement through Harike barrage and into canals, and engaging riverside communities to protect dolphins. In addition, the possibility of conservation translocations to supplement this population with individuals from larger healthy populations elsewhere in the range of the species should be explored.
Semiotic scale for library software interfaces: Development and validation
Authors: Verma Manoj Kumar , Kumar Vinit , Yuvaraj Mayank 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study presents a significant advancement in the realm of information science by exploring and validating a semiotic scale tailored for library software interfaces. Employing a design‐based approach, the investigation identifies 14 crucial semiotic elements specific to library software interfaces, forming the cornerstone of its theoretical framework. The process of developing the semiotic scale involves creating user personas, conducting a comprehensive semiotic analysis, and engaging in productive collaboration with experts. Through meticulous evaluation and refinement, achieved by expert assessments and user testing, the scale offers actionable insights for guiding interface enhancement. The study's findings encompass a breadth of revelations, including user needs, user personas, outcomes of semiotic analysis, criteria development, and evaluation results across a diverse range of library software interfaces. Serving as a valuable tool for interface designers, the semiotic scale facilitates the alignment of design choices with user preferences and requirements. Its inherent adaptability ensures applicability across a spectrum of library software interfaces. The study's paramount contribution lies in bridging the gap between theoretical semiotics and practical design considerations. The comprehensive model offered by the development and validation of the semiotic scale empowers the evaluation of semiotic elements' impact on user perceptions and interface usability.
Revisiting Dimorphs of 4‐n‐octyloxybenzoic Acid: Contrasting Mechanical Property and Surface Wettability
Authors: Borah Silpi S. , Khan Mohsin , Gogoi Pulakesh , Kalita Nabadeep , Thakuria Ranjit , Nath Naba K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract4‐n‐octyloxy benzoic acid is known to exhibit liquid crystalline properties, and under normal pressure and temperature conditions, it exists as at least two crystalline polymorphs. We revisited the system and discovered that single crystals of one of the polymorphs display plastic deformation, whereas the other is brittle. n‐octyl chains are arranged in an end‐to‐end fashion, forming slip planes in the plastically deformable polymorph, whereas they are interdigitated in the crystal structure of the brittle polymorph. Due to the difference in the arrangement of the −COOH group and alkyl chains, the major faces of the crystals of both polymorphs possess significant differences in the wettability towards moisture.
LC–HRMS methods for the quantification of two artemisinin drugs and their metabolites in rat blood and plasma
Authors: Zhou Hongchang , Mao Huixiu , Xing Jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs first‐line antimalarials used in the artemisinin combination therapy, artemisinin drugs exert their action inside red blood cells. However, the blood pharmacokinetic characteristics of artemisinin drugs have not been fully revealed owing to their built‐in chemical instability initiated by Fe2+ released from hemoglobin, with limited information on their metabolites. In this study, liquid chromatography tandem high‐resolution mass spectrometric (LC–HRMS) methods were developed for the quantification of two representative artemisinin drugs (artemisinin, ART; dihydroartemisinin, DHA) and their respective metabolite (deoxyartemisinin, D‐ART; dihydroartemisinin glucuronide, DHA‐Glu) in rat blood/plasma. The blood samples were pretreated with the stabilizer (0.4 m potassium dichromate and 3% EDTA‐2Na). The methods displayed excellent specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision for ART (17.7–709.2 nm) and its metabolite D‐ART (18.8–751.9 nm), and the linear range was 40.0–4,000.0 nm for both DHA and DHA‐Glu. The methods were successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of ART and DHA in rats. The blood‐to‐plasma ratio was 0.8–1.5 for ART, 1.0–1.5 for D‐ART, 1.2–2.2 for DHA and 0.9–1.3 for DHA‐Glu, which was time dependent. The results indicated that artemisinin drugs and their metabolites showed a high but different blood‐to‐plasma ratio, which should be considered when optimizating their dosing regimens or evaluating their clinical outcomes.