bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Phytochemical Properties “Amman Pacharisi”–Euphorbia hirta Linn
Authors: Subramani Prabhu , Murugappan Senthil , Ganesh Gajalakshmi , Jones Sumathi , Mani Devi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Euphorbia hirta is a common roadside weed seen in many parts of India. The aim of the present study is to determine and isolate the bioactive compounds, by GC-MS analysis, which successively will then serve to develop “Phytotherapy” for various ailments among human beings using the Euphorbia hirta plant.

Materials and Methods:
The Euphorbia hirta plant is sundried and powdered, and the powder is subjected to soxhlet extraction with ethanol as solvent. The crude extract obtained is subjected to gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Mass spectra were obtained over the scan range of m/z 40–600. The compounds were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with those of the NIST 05 L mass spectral library.

Results:
More than 20 biologically active components were identified using GC-MS analysis. Anti-microbial effects are seen due to heneicosane, methyloctosane, tetracosane, and beta sitosterol. The Anti-inflammatory effect is attributed to n-Hexadeconoic acid, hexacosane, alpha-amyrin, and beta-amyrin. Extracts possess antioxidant effects due to the presence of vitamin E and squalene.

Conclusion:
The crude ethanolic extract of Euphorbia hirta possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-lipidemic effects. This herb can serve as a potential source of medicine.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Interventional Methods on Salivary pH
Authors: Lakshmikumari K. , Rajesh Kavitha , Jayaraj Merlin , Prasad Vishnu , Nagappan Nagappan , Nyklesh V. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To evaluate and compare the efficacy of four interventional methods (water rinsing, brushing with water, brushing with non-fluoridated dentifrice, and brushing with fluoridated dentifrice) in maintaining the salivary pH after an acidic surge.

Background:
Salivary pH plays an important role in caries formation and progression; even though there are many interventional methods available for oral hygiene measures, not many studies reveal the potency of the various interventional methods after an acidic surge.

Materials and Methodology:
Forty-three children of age group 4-5 years were selected for this study. The unstimulated saliva was collected using Dawe’s method in sterile containers and pH was measured using color coded pH strips. The mean value was calculated, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test.

Results:
A significant increase was seen in the salivary pH, when brushing was performed using fluoridated and non-fluoridated tooth paste (P = 0.00) compared to that of brushing without dentifrice and water rinsing groups.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that water can be used as an intermediate intervention to revert the salivary pH until a definitive intervention like toothbrush and dentifrice is available. Tooth brushing with dentifrice is the better home care interventional method to succumb the salivary fall.
Exploring the Antibacterial and Antifungal Efficacy of Herbal Plants: An Ayurvedic Research
Authors: Balaraman Gajapathi , Vijay V. M. Jerbin , Gracy P. Joanna , Kumar S. Arul , Vishali S. , Harish G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:
Nature has endowed humanity with a vast repository of remedies that have been use for ages to heal all sorts of ailments.

Aim:
To evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of three herbal plants (Justicia adhatoda, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Punica granatum), on three microorganisms (Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans) that are present in the oral stoma.

Settings and Design:

In vitro microbial study.

Methods and Material:
Extracts of 0.3 mg/ml, 0.6 mg/ml, 1.25 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, 5.0 mg/ml, and 10.0 mg/ml were prepared from leaves of Justicia adhatoda, barks of Glycyrrhiza glabra, and fruits of Punica granatum, respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal efficacies of the extracts were evaluated by agar well diffusion method and their resultant zone of inhibition.

Statistical Analysis Used:
One-way ANOVA test and Tukey HSD post-hoc test.

Results:
The order of antimicrobial efficacy observed in increasing order—Glycyrrhiza glabra < Justicia adhatoda < Punica granatum. Higher the concentration of plant extract, increased the zone of inhibition.

Conclusion:
The extracts of Justicia adhatoda, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Punica granatum were found to be effective against oral pathogenic microorganisms.
Augmented/Virtual Reality in Dermatology: A Digital Arsenal in Modern Era
Authors: Meghe Soham R. , Ramapure Raavi , Quazee Sabiha , Singh Adarshlata , Jawade Sugat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Augmented reality (AR) refers to a group of technologies that capture, analyze, and superimpose digital information onto the real world. This information gives health care providers unique and useful perspectives that can enhance patient care.

Materials and methods:
AR has been utilized in selected scenarios in health care for several decades, notably laparoscopic surgery and vein finding. In recent years, improved wireless technologies, computing power, and analytics are leading to rapid growth in the AR industry. Novel health care specific use cases are rapidly being introduced with the potential to widely affect clinical care, particularly in dermatology because of the visual nature of the field.

Results:
In this article, we define AR, profile clinical and educational uses of AR in dermatology, and discuss key policy considerations for the safe and appropriate use of this emerging technology.
Assessment of Orthofacial Analysis in Indigenous Tribes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fathima Lubna , Narmadha D , Suganya P , Subramani Manimala , Prabhakar Soundarya , Pavithra R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
The indigenous tribes still exist in our Chennai, which found quite interesting for us to conduct a survey on the prevalence of malocclusion and facial symmetry. AIM: This study aims to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and facial symmetry in indigenous tribes: the narikurava. Setting and design: The study was a cross-sectional survey.

Material and Methods:
One hundred and twenty-one individuals participated in the study. The prevalence of malocclusion was assessed as normal occlusion, class 1, class 2 and class 3 occlusion, and facial symmetry was recorded along with facial aesthetic index.

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive statistics were calculated for all the variables recorded in our study, and chi-square test was done to find the association between the gender and facial aesthetic index.

Results:
Among the indigenous tribes, 33.9% had normal occlusion, 31.4% had class 1 occlusion, 14.9% had class 2 div 1 occlusion, 9.1% had class 2 div 2 occlusion, and 10.7% had class 3 occlusion. Males had a higher percentage of normal occlusion than compared to females.

Conclusion:
Even an infant wants to have a good smile which is aesthetic in nature; here, in the survey conducted more than 30% of individuals were having a normal occlusion, and only about 9% individuals were having class 2 division 2 which is least occlusion seen among the indigenous tribes.
Hak Ahli Waris Keturunan Raja Dalam Persekutuan Ratschaap Yarbadang
Authors: Mussad Saini , Matuankotta Jenny Kristiana , Latupono Barzah 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Inheritance law is a legal regulation that regulates inheritance due to death, the formulation of silent words until someone dies and causes inheritance problems, the death of this person is a legal event. Each Ratschaap belongs to one of the three major alliances, namely Ur siu (clump of nine), Loor lim (clump of five) and Loor labia (clump of intermediate) it is recorded that ten Ratschaap are members of Ur siu, the next ten Ratschaap are joined in Loor lim and the remaining two Ratschaap belonging to the Loor labia.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to examine the normative juridical regarding the rights of the heirs of the king's descendants in the Ratschaap Yarbadang Alliance in Southeast Maluku with theories and facts that occur in the social community of Southeast Maluku.Methods of the Research: In this legal research, the author uses empirical juridical research where this study uses a sociological research problem approach using original data using an empirical approach to knowledge based on facts from research results and observations according to this legal research.Results of the Research: The results of this study indicate, Article 18b paragraph (2), the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the Village Law Number 06 of 2014 as well as the Southeast Maluku Regency Government Regulation Number 04 of 2009 concerning Procedures for Nomination, Election and Inauguration of Heads. The government of Ohoi/Ohoi Rat, has regulated and given rights to the entire community of Southeast Maluku in exercising their customary and cultural rights, as well as parties who are not responsible for ancestral customs.
Exploring Uropathogenic Bacteria and Measuring Serum IL-34 and IL-35 Levels in Women Affected by Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Khudhur  Jameel Sanaa 
Published: January 2025

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system mistakes self-tissue for foreign antigens, it causes organ tissue destruction in Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors include interleukin biomarkers and urinary tract infections. The goal of this study was to identify uropathogenic bacteria in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, which is essential for avoiding serious complications. Additionally, serum levels of interleukin -34 and interleukin-35 in Systemic lupus erythematosus patients serve as a predictor biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis. 65 women with systemic lupus erythematosus compare to 50 healthy controls were included in this study. Isolation and identification of uropathogenic bacteria , and use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to check serum levels of interleukin-34 and interleukin-35.The results revealed that E. coli accounted for 70% of the uropathogenic bacteria identified, with Proteus spp. come in second accounted 20% followed by Klebsiella spp. accounted 6%., while Enterococcus fecalis and Enterobacter spp. accounted for 2% with each. A notable rise in serum levels of IL-34 and IL-35 was observed when comparing patients with systemic lupus erythematosus illness to controls, with a P.value of less than 0.05.This study investigated that E. coli was the most frequently occurring of uropathogenic bacteria. Studies have shown higher serum levels of interleukin IL-34 and IL-35 in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Association of Diabetes and Hypertension with severity of Perceived stress in OSA population of Pakistan
Authors: Madiha Moin  , Faisal Asad  , Fasih-ur-Rahman  , Saif-ur-Rahman  , Safa Fatima  , Ubedullah  
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between diabetes, hypertension, and perceived stress levels in individuals suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Pakistan.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonology at Dow University Hospital, Karachi, between November 2022 and December 2023. Patients with a diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea were included. Participants were evaluated for their demographic profiles, anthropometric measurements, medical histories, and perceived stress levels. Statistical analyses were carried out by SPSS version 21, to explore the associations between diabetes, hypertension, and perceived stress
Results: The study population consisted of 57.9% males and 42.1% females, with mean age for males and females as 47.9 ± 13.1 years and 53.1 ± 10.6 years. In males, 36.8% had moderate OSA, while 52.8% had severe OSA. In contrast, 44.2% of females had moderate OSA, and 39.0% had severe OSA. No significant association was found between perceived stress and diabetes or hypertension in patients with OSA (p->0.05)
Conclusion: The lack of the significant relationship underscores the need for continued future research to elucidate the intricate interplay between chronic medical conditions, perceived stress, and OSA.
ANALISIS PORTOFOLIO OPTIMAL MENGGUNAKAN MODEL INDEKS TUNGGAL PADA SAHAM INDEKS SRI-KEHATI
Authors: Oktary Dewi 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui portofolio optimal saham indeks SRI-KEHATI periode Nopember 2022 – Oktober 2024 dengan menggunakan model indeks tunggal. Adapun sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 13 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria. Alat analisis data menggunakan model indeks tunggal. Adapun hasil dari analisis data adalah perusahaan yang masuk kedalam portofolio optimal saham dengan menggunakan model indeks tunggal yaitu saham JSMR atau PT. Jasa Marga (Persero), Tbk sebesar 39%, DSNG atau PT. Dharma Satya Nusantara, Tbk sebesar 38%, INDF atau PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk sebesar 16% dan BMRI atau PT. Bank Mandiri (Persero), Tbk sebesar 7%. Adapun risiko portofolio sebesar 5,2% dan expected return portofolio sebesar 1,9%.
Comparison of Frequency of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting with Blend of Metoclopramide and Dexamethasone Versus Dexamethasone Alone
Authors: Ahsan Arooj , Zafar Junaid , Majeed Kaukab , Hafiz Amran , Iftikhar Hina , Hussain Fayyaz 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting with combination of Intravenous metoclopramide and dexamethasone versus Intravenous dexamethasone alone in surgeries under General Anesthesia.
Study Design: Comparative prospective study
Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesia and Intensive Care department, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur Pakistan, from Oct 2020-Apr 2021.
Methodology: A sample of 310 patients was collected through consecutive sampling. Patients were divided in two groups at random: Group A and Group B, by using lottery method. Group(A) patients were given combination of metoclopramide (10mg) and dexamethasone (8mg) Intravenous. Group(B) patients were given dexamethasone (8mg) Intravenous alone. After 24 hours, patients were evaluated for vomiting or nausea post-operatively.
Results: The mean of age of patients in study group A was 38.87±13.07 years and in B study group was 40.10±12.13 years. Out of these 310 patients, 177(57.10%) were male and 133(42.90%) were females with male to female ratio of ratio of 1.3:1. In my study, I have found that better nausea in 14(9.03%) group A patients compared to 31(20.0%) group B patients (p-value =0.006). Vomiting was found in 03(1.94%) group A patients and 13(8.39%) in group B patients (p-value=0.010).
Conclusion: This study concluded that combination of intravenous metoclopramide and dexamethasone is better as compared to intravenous dexamethasone alone in reducing nausea and vomiting post-operatively in patients receiving general anaesthesia.
Food Insecurity Is Common in the Orthopaedic Trauma Population
Authors: Willey Michael C. , Owen Erin C. , Reider Lisa , Miller Aspen , Temperly McKenzie , Martin Elisabeth M. , Leary Steven , Fitzpatrick Daniel C. , Kirkpatrick Tessa , Trochez Karen M. , Wrenn Sean , Ponce R. Brandon , Marsh J. Lawrence , Glass Natalie A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Food insecurity is the condition of limited access to healthy and safe food. Malnutrition resulting from food insecurity is a concern particularly in the surgical population due to the association with impaired healing. This aim of this study was to report the incidence and risk factors for food insecurity in the orthopaedic trauma population.

Methods:
Orthopaedic trauma centers at three distinct regions of the United States enrolled patients who had undergone extremity or pelvis fracture fixation within the previous 6 months. Participants completed the United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Insecurity Survey, and food insecurity was defined as a score ≥3. In addition, participants recorded patient demographics and injury/treatment/household characteristics and completed information about diet quality. Diet quality was compared between households with and without food insecurity using chi-square or Fisher exact tests. Logistic regression was used to create a multivariable model of factors associated with greater odds of food insecurity.

Results:
Food insecurity was documented in 11.5% (81/703) of households. Households with food insecurity were less likely to report daily consumption of fruit, vegetables, and protein-rich foods. We found a greater odds of food insecurity among households with a yearly income of <$50,000 (odds ratio = 4.30 [95% confidence interval = 2.07 to 8.92], P < 0.001), tobacco use (2.33 [1.26 to 4.28], P = 0.007), Medicaid or no insurance (2.34 [1.19 to 4.62], P = 0.014), and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (4.55 [1.69 to 12.24], P = 0.003), for each 10-year decrease in age (1.19 [1.00 to 1.40], P = 0.045), multiple surgically treated fractures (2.41 [1.08 to 5.35], P = 0.031), and for each additional 15 minutes of travel time to the nearest grocery store (2.12 [1.37 to 3.26], P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Food insecurity is common in the orthopaedic trauma population, and households with food insecurity are more likely to have low diet quality. Nutrition supplementation during the healing phase after trauma and referral to nutrition assistance programs has the potential to mitigate malnutrition and prevent negative outcomes resulting from food insecurity.
Data-Driven Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Strata Predict 90-Day Major Complications Following Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Raftis Daniel A. , Zhao Amy Y. , Agarwal Amil R. , Gu Alex , Harris Andrew B. , Kurian Shyam , Thakkar Savyasachi C. , Golladay Gregory J. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients who have chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of complications following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there is a lack of literature that identifies eGFR levels those are associated with notable differences in risk of these complications. The purpose of this study was to create eGFR strata for CKD patients that are associated with varying risks of 90-day major complications following TKA.

Methods:
Nondialysis patients who have CKD and known eGFR levels one month before primary TKA were identified using a national database. Stratum-specific likelihood ratio (SSLR) analysis was used to construct data-driven eGFR strata associated with varying risks of 90-day major complications. The incidence rates were recorded for each stratum. Each stratum was propensity score matched to the highest eGFR stratum. The risk ratio with a corresponding 95% confidence interval for 90-day major complications was recorded for each stratum.

Results:
A total of 24,895 patients with CKD who underwent TKA were included in this study. SSLR identified four data-driven eGFR strata: 15-31, 32-44, 45-54, and 55+. The unmatched 90-day major complication incidence increased sequentially as the eGFR strata decreased: 55+ (10.72%), 45-54 (13.87%), 32-44 (17.30%), and 15-31 (25.16%). When compared with the matched highest eGFR strata (55+), the risk of sustaining a 90-day major complication increased sequentially as the eGFR strata decreased (RR: 1.27, 1.56, 2.06, P < 0.001). The risk of death within 90 days was higher in the 15-31 stratum (RR: 3.08, P < 0.001) when compared with the matched 55+ stratum.

Conclusion:
Using SSLR analysis, four data-driven strata were identified with varying risks of 90-day major complications following TKA. These eGFR thresholds were created specifically for TKA and can therefore be appropriately used to risk-stratify CKD patients in the preoperative setting when discussing TKA.
Oryantalist Theodor Nöldeke ve Friedrich Schwally’in ‘Kur’an Tarihi’ Adlı Çalışmalarında İslam’a Dair Görüşlerin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Yıldız Hasan , Palabıyık Muhammet Hanefi 
Published: January 2025

In the last two centuries, there has been a significant increase in the works of orientalist researchers on Islām and its origins. We observe that many researchers have put forward different and new claims on these issues. This study analyses Friderich Schwally’s claims about the origin of Islām in comparison with Theodor Nöldeke’s views. Schwally was one of the first important orientalists to work in the field of Qurʾānic studies. Nöldeke started to write a large-scale history of the Qurʾān, but could not complete it due to his illness, and Schwally, as his student, continued his work and completed only the first two volumes. An examination of this work, which Schwally also failed to complete, reveals that his views on the origins of Islām differed significantly from those of his teacher. Nöldeke accepts the Prophet’s prophethood, albeit slightly differently, and believes that he received revelation but also intervened in the content of the Qurʾān. In addition, he also accepts that al-Ḥurūf al-Muḳaṭṭaʿa was written for copy determination and that there may be an excess or deficiency of verses in the Qurʾān. Schwally makes some claims about the time of Abu Bakr to show his doubts about the collection, reproduction, and content of the Qurʾān. For example, according to him, the fact that the collection of the Qurʾān was due to the death of the companions who had memorized the Qurʾān after the battle of Yemen is enough to cast doubt on the Qurʾān. He also claims that Zayd b. Thabit inserted the al-Ḥurūf al-Muḳaṭṭaʿa in the Qurʾān to show from which Mushaf the suras were taken. Again, Schwally analyzes the history of the Qur’an as well as its content, claiming that Islām is not original, but has emerged from the borrowing of certain doctrines and beliefs from past religions and belief systems. His entire effort is to prove that Islām is an invented, manufactured, and stolen religion. In light of Schwally’s claims, our study aims to show the difference between the two Orientalists’ approaches to the origins of Islām. In order to do so, a qualitative and historical comparative method will be used to show how they differ from each other.
* This article is the revised and developed version of conference presentation entitled “Orientalist Friedrich Schwally’s ‘History of the Qurʾān’ and His Claims about the Origin of Islām”, orally delivered at the 4th Turkish Symposium of Social Sciences.