bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palliative Care: Multidisciplinary Approach to People With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Castro Ivana Monique Corpes , Franco Mariane Cordeiro Alves 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Objective: to analyze palliative care provided by a multidisciplinary team to people with traumatic brain injury, according to the literature.
Methodology: We opted for an Integrative Literature Review, of a qualitative type with a descriptive approach. To assist in collection, the PICo acromion strategy was used, with a time frame from 2018 to 2023, the data was analyzed according to the Bardin content method.
Results: The literature search resulted in a total of 479 publications for pre-selected and identified terms, only 16 articles were included in the review. From the analysis of the results on multidisciplinary care, two categories were created to expose the scientific evidence on “palliative care in neurological patients” and the “multidisciplinary team approach to people with Traumatic Brain Injury”. Therefore, palliative care is considered relevant in the performance of care for people with Traumatic Brain Injury, as it establishes a competent bias for the patient's therapeutic process, including physical, mental, affective and social attention and care, improving the quality of care for patients. and their families.
Conclusion: It is concluded that this review allowed recognizing the relevance of palliative care for trauma patients, their families and even their health teams, as they work in planning and implementing improvements in intensive care, through an approach qualification and integrated, respecting patients and their families.
Integrated mRNA- and miRNA-sequencing analyses unveil the underlying mechanism of tobacco pollutant-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Zhong Xiaoping , Chen Jiasheng , Lin Yuxin , Geng Deyi , Chen Wanxian , Han Rui , Yuan Liang , Li Hao , Tang Shijie , Zheng Shukai 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Tobacco pollutants are prevalent in the environment, leading to inadvertent exposure of pregnant females. Although there are studies examining the toxic effects of these pollutants on the development, they are not yet able to fully elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) at concentrations of 0.25%, 1%, and 2.5% using a zebrafish embryo toxicity test and integrated transcriptomic analysis of microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA). The findings revealed that CSE caused developmental toxicity, including increased mortality and decreased incubation rate, in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CSE induced malformations and apoptosis, specifically in the head and heart of zebrafish larvae. mRNA- and miRNA-sequencing analyses were used to compare changes in the expression of genes and miRNAs in zebrafish larvae. The results of bioinformatics analysis indicate that the mechanism underlying CSE-induced developmental toxicity was associated with genetic material damage, apoptosis disorder, as well as lipid metabolism disturbance. Morever, the enrichment analysis and RT-qPCR analysis results shown ctsba gene play crucial function in embryo developmental apoptosis, whereas fads2 gene mainly regulated lipid metabolic toxicity. The results of this study improve the current understanding of CSE-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos and contribute insights for the formulation of novel preventive strategies against tobacco pollutants during early embryonic development.
A Qualitative Analysis of Patient Narratives Describing Experiences of Radiotherapy for Gynaecological Cancer: Impacts on Social, Personal and Sexual Lives
Authors: Ashmore Lisa Anne , Stewart Hilary , Kragh-Furbo Mette , Hutton Daniel , Salisbury Lorraine , Singleton Corinne , Singleton Vicky 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Studies that have gathered patient experiences of radiotherapy for gynaecological cancers have described anguish related to body image, lack of control, social isolation, lack of social support, mystification and self-criticism. Frequently, outward experiences of side effects are presented as ‘necessary suffering’ hampering attempts to gain understanding of what can be done to offer adequate support.
This project aimed to address this gap in understanding through analysis of detailed patient accounts of how radiotherapy impacts on their bodies and their social, personal and sexual lives.
Methods: A qualitative study by means of collection of narratives (written, audio or video recorded journal entries) was conducted between September 2020 and August 2021. 34 women submitted narratives relating to their experiences of radiotherapy treatment for cervical, endometrial, vulval or ovarian cancer. Participants had all received radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer up to 25 years previous.
Results: The most prominent feature of the narratives related to patients not being listened to or not being heard. Seven principal areas for developing conversations for support were identified. Conversations about: (1) Life, (2) Treatment, (3) Late Effects, (4) Communication, (5) Sexual Selves, (6) Dignity and (7) Trauma.
Conclusions: The study offers insights into the experience of undergoing radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer and the support required. Further work needs to be done on improving listening to patients’ experiences and ensuring care is patient centred moving forward.
Neural-network sliding mode control of nonlinear systems via a fuzzy integral switching function
Authors: Fan Xiaofei , Li Tao , Tian Yufeng , Miao Guoying 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

A neural-network fuzzy sliding mode control (NNFSMC) problem for nonlinear systems via a fuzzy integral switching function (FISF) is investigated in this paper. Different from the existing results on sliding mode control (SMC), a novel FISF is presented to fully utilize the fuzzy membership functions, which is consisted by the four parts. The fuzzy membership functions and state variables are together used to design the first two terms of FISF. Meanwhile, an integral term on a derivative of fuzzy membership function is considered to design the last term. Combining with the designed FISF, a Gaussian radial basic neural network is used to design a NNFSMC law, which can effectively reduce the amplitude of the high-frequency chattering. Furthermore, a fuzzy Lyapunov method and a switching idea are applied to analyze the asymptotical stability of the developed systems, which can reduce the conservatism of asymptotic stability criteria. In the end, the availability and advantages of the proposed theoretical results can be verified via two simulations.
Association of serum Vitamin D 、C-reactive protein with multiple causes of death outcomes in obese adult population: The United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001 to 2006
Authors: Dong YuanJie , Tang Xuanfeng , Wang Ruohua , Li Xiaoqing , Lv Xinyi , Niu Yucun 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background Levels of chronic inflammation are common in individuals with obesity, and recent studies have indicated a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among this population. However, studies on the relationship between vitamin D levels and C reactive protein (CRP) levels which is the markers of inflammation in the body and the risk of death remain unclear.
Purpose This study focuses on the association between serum vitamin D (25(OH)D), CRP, and mortality risk and whether there is an association for mortality risk in different dietary inflammatory structures in obese adults.
Methods This study included 4,469 adults with obesity from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A multivariate adjusted weighted Cox model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for multiple causes of death outcomes.
Results 25(OH)D level is significantly negatively associated with the risk of all-cause mortality. According to results of the joint action analysis, it was found that HCLD group had the highest risk of all-cause mortality compared to the LCHD group. There was a significant interaction between vitamin D and CRP in the risk of all-cause mortality (p=0.006). Furthermore, the interaction between two makers were particularly evident in the pro-inflammatory dietary pattern.
Conclusions 25(OH)D level is closely related to the risk of all-cause mortality. In particular, the risk of all cause death is highest among individuals with high CRP and low serum levels of vitamin D. Moreover, there is a significant interaction between 25(OH)D and CRP, especially in pro-inflammatory diets.
Calculations and Strategies to Mitigate Edge Phenomena in Planar Capacitors
Authors: JEBRI Zaineb , ALI Mahfoudh TALEB 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
An analysis of edge effects in planar capacitors with parallel electrodes is presented in this article. Many electronic applications utilize capacitors, and understanding the phenomena around their edges is crucial to their design and optimization. Our research explores in detail the distribution of electric fields and electric potential near electrodes using models and methods based on Maxwell's principles and Gauss's theorem. Divergent electric fields can create edge effects, which affect capacitor performance by creating edge effects. A circular electrode shape is one of the strategies we present to mitigate these effects. The implications of these findings in the field of electronics and related technologies are discussed in the final section.
Phenotyping Refractory Cardiogenic Shock Patients Receiving Venous-arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Wang Shuo , Wang Liangshan , Du Zhongtao , Hao Xing , Wang Xiaomeng , Shao Chengcheng , Wang Hong , Li Chenglong , Hou Xiaotong , Feng Yang 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background
Refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) is a heterogeneous clinical condition differing widely in mortality. This research phenotyped CS patients receiving venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) by machine learning algorithm to explain the potential heterogeneity.
Methods
A prospective cohort of CS patients receiving VA-ECMO support were enrolled and analyzed. After strict machine learning (ML) methods generating and verifying cluster-determined variables, algorithm based on these covariates generated certain clusters with distinct clinical outcomes, hence the clinical and laboratory profiles were analyzed.
Results
Among 210 CS patients receiving ECMO, 148 (70.5%) were men, with a median age of 62 years. Overall, 142 (67.6%) survived on ECMO, and 104 (49.5%) patients survived to discharge. The patients were phenotyped into three clusters: (1) “platelet preserved (I)” Phenotype [36 (17.1%) patients], characterized by preserved platelet count; (2) “hyperinflammatory (II)” phenotype [72 (34.3%) patients], characterized by a significant inflammatory state; and (3) “hepatic-renal (III)” phenotype [102 (48.6%) patients], characterized by unfavorable conditions in hepatic and renal functions tests. The in-hospital mortality rates were 25.0%, 52.8%, and 55.9% for phenotypes I, II, and III, respectively (P = 0.005).
Conclusion
The research explored three phenotypes in refractory CS patients receiving VA-ECMO with distinct clinical profile and mortality. Early recognition and intervention can conduce to manage patients presenting unfavorable signs.
Minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors among 6–23 months old children enrolled in Outpatient therapeutic program in the Tulla District, Sidama region, Ethiopia : A community- based cross-sectional study
Authors: Markos Mesfin , Samuel Beniyam 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Improving MAD is essential for ensuring optimal growth and development of children, as well as preventing malnutrition and its consequences. Previous studies in Ethiopia have focused on the magnitude and determinants of a minimum adequate diet. However, much emphasis was not given to minimum acceptable diet and its associated factorsamong 6–23 months old children enrolled in Outpatient therapeutic program, particularly, in the study area. This study determines minimum acceptable diet and its associated factorsamong 6–23 months old children enrolled in Outpatient therapeutic program.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 346 randomly selected mothers with children aged 6–23 months who were admitted to the OTP. The data were collected using structured questionnaires. Data entry and cleaning were exported to SPSS version 26 for further analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the determinants of an adequate diet.
Results: The overall prevalence of minium Acceptable diet among children aged 6–23 months was 14.5% (95% CI: 12.02%-19%). The odds of adequate diet were 1.9 times higher among children aged 18–23 months compared to children aged 6-11 months (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI ((1.2 3.9). The odds of adequate diet 2.9 times higher in children whose caregiver had greater than 70 percent of knowledge on recommended feeding (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI (1.2, 6.35). The odds of adequate diet to the children were 81 percent less likely in a caregiver who did not attend formal education compared to their counter part (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.24, 4.19).
Conclusion: The practice of minimum acceptable diet is inadequate. Nutrition education should be emphasized to improve the mothers’ nutrition knowledge regarding infant and young child feeding recommendations, to support mothers in overcoming barriers to feeding their children with adequate diets, and to foster complementary feeding practices for malinourished children.
Does forage type matter? Exploring opportunities for improved index- based livestock insurance using browse and grazing forage estimates
Authors: Kahiu Njoki , Anchang Julius , Alulu Vincent , Fava Francesco , Jensen Nathan , Hanan Niall 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
African pastoralists suffer recurrent droughts that cause high livestock mortality and vulnerability to climate change. The index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) program offers protection against drought impacts. However, the current IBLI design relying on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) may pose limitation because it does not consider the mixed composition of rangelands (including herbaceous and woody plants) and the diverse feeding habits of grazers and browsers. To enhance IBLI, we assess the efficacy of utilizing distinct browse and grazing forage estimates from woody LAI (LAIW) and herbaceous LAI (LAIH), respectively, derived from aggregate leaf area index (LAIA), as an alternative to NDVI for refined IBLI design. Using historical livestock mortality data from northern Kenya as reference ground dataset, our analysis compares two competing models for i) aggregate forage estimates including sub-models for NDVI, LAI (LAIA); and ii) partitioned biomass model (LAIP) comprising LAIH and LAIW. By integrating forage estimates with ancillary environmental variables, we find that LAIP, with separate forage estimates, outperforms the aggregate models. For total livestock mortality, LAIP yields the lowest RMSE (5.9 TLUs) and higher R2 (0.83), surpassing NDVI and LAIA models RMSE (9.3 TLUs) and R2 (0.6). A similar pattern is observed for species-specific livestock mortality. The influence of environmental variables across the models varied, depending on level of mortality aggregation or separation. Overall, forage availability was consistently the most influential variable, with species-specific models showing the different forage preferences in various animal types. These results suggest that deriving distinct browse and grazing forage estimates from LAIP has the potential to reduce basis risk by enhancing IBLI index accuracy.
Use of Image Analysis in the Evaluation of Radicular Nodules in Chickpeas
Authors: Padilha Karla Sabrina Magalhães Andrade , Silva Pedro Vitor de Souza , Azevedo Alcinei Místico , Barroso Aline Martins Ferreira , Soares Verônica Aparecida Santos Ferreira , Bicalho Silvana Ferreira , Pegoraro Rodinei Facco 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Through the use of computational systems, it is possible to employ a wide range of statistical techniques, available as open-source code, to perform various assessments in plants. This study aims to demonstrate the application of image analysis in the context of evaluating root nodules in chickpea plants, aiming to standardize a methodology. The research was conducted in the field, where roots were collected, cleaned, and photographed in a studio using a camera with ISO320, SPEED 1/1500 F1.5 M0.6, WB490K. Image analyses were carried out using R software. Parameters related to roots and nodules were obtained, including root area (cm2), nodule area (cm²), the percentage of nodules in relation to roots, and the number of nodules. Comparing the method with conventional approaches showed efficiency, highlighting the effectiveness of this tool for the intended purpose. It is concluded that the use of the developed methodology can be successfully applied to the analysis of nodules and root systems, providing the evaluation of various parameters with precision, reducing labor costs, and saving time.
TFinder: a Python web tool for predicting Transcription Factor Binding Sites
Authors: Minniti Julien , Duplan Eric , Checler Frédéric , Costa Cristine Alves da 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Background: Transcription is a key cell process that consists in synthesizing several copies of RNA from a gene DNA sequence. This process is highly regulated and closely linked to the ability of transcription factors to bind specifically to DNA. TFinder is an easy-to-use Python web portal allowing the identification of Individual Motifs (IM) such as Transcription Factor Binding Sites (TFBS).
Results: Using the NCBI API, TFinder extracts either promoter or gene terminal regulatory regions, through a simple query of NCBI gene name or ID. It enables simultaneous analysis across five different species for an unlimited number of genes. TFinder searches for Individual Motifs in different formats, including IUPAC codes and JASPAR entries. Moreover, TFinder also allows de novo generation of a Position Weight Matrix (PWM) and the use of already established PWM. Finally, the data are provided in a tabular and a graph format showing the relevance and the P-value of the Individual Motifs found as well as their location relative to the Transcription Start Site (TSS) or the terminal region of the gene. The results are then sent by email to users facilitating the subsequent data analysis and sharing.
Conclusion: TFinder is written in Python and freely available on GitHub under the MIT license: https://github.com/Jumitti/TFinder. It can be accessed as a web application implemented in Streamlit at https://tfinder-ipmc.streamlit.app. Resources are available on Streamlit “Resources” tab. TFINDER strenght is that it relies in an all in one intuitive tool allowing users inexperienced with bioinformatics tools to retrieve gene regulatory regions sequences in multiple species and to search for individual motifs in huge number of genes.
Hypothesis testing and sample size considerations for the test-negative design
Authors: Huo Yanan , Yang Yang , Halloran M. Elizabeth , Longini Ira M. , Dean Natalie E. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The test-negative design (TND) is an observational study design to evaluate vaccine effectiveness (VE) that enrolls individuals receiving diagnostic testing for a target disease as part of routine care. VE is estimated as one minus the adjusted odds ratio of testing positive versus negative comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Although the TND is related to case-control studies, it is distinct in that the ratio of test-positive cases to test-negative controls is not typically pre-specified. For both types of studies, sparse cells are common when vaccines are highly effective. We consider the implications of these features on power for the TND. We use simulation studies to explore three hypothesis-testing procedures and associated sample size calculations for case-control and TND studies. These tests, all based on a simple logistic regression model, are a standard Wald test, a continuity-corrected Wald test, and a score test. The Wald test performs poorly in both case-control and TND when VE is high because the number of vaccinated test-positive cases can be low or zero. Continuity corrections help to stabilize the variance but induce bias. We observe superior performance with the score test as the variance is pooled under the null hypothesis of no group differences. We recommend using a score-based approach to design and analyze both case-control and TND. We propose a modification to the TND score sample size to account for additional variability in the ratio of controls over cases. This work expands our understanding of the data mechanisms of the TND.
HLFVF Dietary Pattern Might Decrease the Risk of Multiple Chronic Diseases Among Older Adults
Authors: Mao Danhui , Liang Moxuan , Li Honggang , Wang Shixun , Cheng Hui 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of multiple chronic diseases among older adults is as high as 36.1%, posing a risk to their well-being and imposing a financial burden on them. Optimal dietary patterns have a positive effect on multiple chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine the influences of dietary patterns on multiple chronic diseases among older adults.
Methods: Dietary food consumption was assessed through two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. The presence of multiple chronic diseases was assessed based on the existence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, sleep disorders, diabetes, moderate or severe depressive symptoms, and cognitive impairment, with two or more of these conditions being considered. Latent class analysis was used to identify types of multiple chronic diseases, and two-step cluster analysis was used to determine individual dietary patterns. Logistic regression analysis with robust standard errors was conducted to determine the associations between dietary patterns and types of multiple chronic diseases.
Results: 3Three dietary patterns (HLFVF, HGS-LMFF, and HME-LGS) and three types of multiple chronic diseases (LdHoElcf, LsHo, and HsLo) were identified. Individuals following the HLFVF dietary pattern had a 59% lower risk of developing LdHoElcf multiple chronic diseases than those following the HME-LGS dietary pattern (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.27–0.64, P < 0.001) and a 66% lower risk of developing LsHo multiple chronic diseases than those following the HGS-LMFF dietary pattern (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14–0.87, P < 0.05).
Discussion: The HLFVF dietary pattern may serve as a healthy dietary pattern to reduce the risk of multiple chronic diseases and should be promoted among the older adult population.