bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the anticancer effect and mechanism of action of reactive species in plasma‐activated solution against colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Hu Yufan , Peng Shengjie , Xi Wenhao , Lan Yan , Han Wei , Cheng Cheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractReactive species (RS) are the key factors of plasma‐activated solutions (PAS) against cancer. However, the specific contribution of each RS in inducing cancer cell death remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential and mechanism of plasma‐activated medium (PAM) and plasma‐activated phosphate buffer saline (PA‐PBS) in vitro using colorectal cancer cells HCT116. Results showed that PAM and PA‐PBS effectively inhibited the growth and proliferation of HCT116 cells, with PA‐PBS exhibiting greater potency. H2O2, intracellular reactive oxygen species, and pH (H+) were essential mediators of cell death, and ONOO− exhibited cytotoxicity only after reaching a specific concentration. Additionly, PAS induced cell death through the exogenous apoptotic pathway.
Enhancing the performance of HTPB‐IPDI‐based polyurethane composite liner through effective carbon black dispersion**
Authors: Aslan Onurcan , Atalar Taner , Atınç Yılmaz Gürkan , Özkan Necati 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis study aims to improve the dispersion of Carbon Black (CB) filled Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB)‐Isophorone Diisocyanate (IPDI) based polyurethane liner by both adding a dispersant and developing a production process to obtain improved mechanical, rheological, thermal, and adhesion properties. Printex‐U (CB1) and Thermax N‐991 (CB2) carbon blacks were used as fillers. Three different dispersants, which are BYK 9076 (D1), BYK 9077 (D2), and BYK Silclean 3700 (D3) were added to the liner formulation at various amounts. BYK 9076 (D1) was found as the most effective dispersant due to its bifunctional chemical structure. By adding 2 wt.% of BYK 9076 (D1) dispersant to the polyurethane liner comprising 10 wt.% CB1, viscosity was reduced by 45 %, and tensile strength and elongation at break were improved from 1.77 MPa to 1.88 MPa and from 375 % to 385 % respectively. The dispersion of the CB in the polyurethane liner was further improved by the ultrasonication process and tensile strength and elongation at break were increased to 2.03 MPa and 425 %, respectively. This process also contributed to an improved Limiting oxygen index (LOI), elevating it from 20 % to 22 % initially and further by 25 % through ultrasonication. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) verified that the addition of D1 dispersant and ultrasonication effectively reduced CB particle agglomeration. The migration of plasticizer was also assessed over 12 months through bonding testing, TGA, and FTIR analysis. It was noticed that the effective dispersion of CB particles made the liner more resistant to the plasticizer migration.
Three‐dimensional cohesive finite element simulations of mechanical behavior of polymer‐bonded explosives under quasi‐static tensile loading
Authors: Luo Huiling , Zhou Yang , Cao Luoxia , Liu Liu , Li Huarong , Zhang Chaoyang , Yang Hong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractMicrostructural features such as voids, microcracks and interfaces play an important role in the mechanical properties of polymer‐bonded explosives, which significantly decide the performance, safety and reliability. A series of micron‐scale 3D models were constructed, and a 3D cohesive finite element method in a commercial software was used to study the elastic properties and fracture development of HMX/Estane polymer‐bonded explosives under quasi‐static tension. The predicted Young's modulus of HMX/Estane PBX with particle volume fraction of 92.7 % at 0.01 s−1 is 2.24 GPa, which is only 7.4 % different from the experimental result. 3D models perform better than 2D models in the prediction of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, and the difference between 2D and 3D results can be up to 40 %. In addition, the effect of particle size on the mechanical properties is investigated. It is shown that 3D models can correctly describe the relationship of particle size with stress‐strain curves and fracture development of PBX. Results demonstrate that a 3D model is necessary in the study to delineate the relationships between microstructural features and the mechanical behavior of polymer‐bonded explosives.
Interaction effect of building construction accident attributes based on complex network
Authors: Cao Dongqiang , Cheng Lianping 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to effectively utilize data related to building construction accidents by delving deeply into the correlations between key causes and accident attributes. Firstly, the authors gathered 1134 accident investigation reports and employed the “5W1H” analysis method to extract six types of accident attributes: time, location, cause category, activity, building type, and accident type. Subsequently, a word cloud map was employed to identify the primary direct causes, and the correlation characteristics among the four cause categories were analyzed. Finally, a heterogeneous correlation network of building construction accident attributes was constructed using Gephi software. Topological parameters were introduced to analyze the relationships among the six accident attributes. The results indicate that a complex network can effectively analyze the interplay among various construction accident attributes, thus revealing the correlation laws and accident characteristics between various accident attributes. The set of key nodes is represented as {F1, F2, B2, B17, F3, B4, B16, B5, F4, B15, D20}. Thirteen highly correlated sets of accident attributes were identified, highlighting the need for collaborative accident prevention strategies. These findings have the potential to visually present accident knowledge, offering innovative insights for the analysis of building construction accidents.
Phenolic acids from Prunella vulgaris alleviate cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction partially by suppressing NLRP3 activation
Authors: Wei Jinna , Leng Ling , Sui Yunchan , Song Shaofei , Owusu Felix Boahen , Li Xue , Cao Yu , Li Peijie , Wang Hongda , Li Ruiqiao , Yang Wenzhi , Gao Xiumei , Wang Qilong 
Published: November 2023

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of mortality around the world. Prunella vulgaris (Xia‐Ku‐Cao in Chinese) is used in traditional Chinese medicine practice for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its active ingredients and mechanisms of action on cardiac remodeling following MI remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effect of P. vulgaris on MI rat models. MI rats were treated with aqueous extract of P. vulgaris or phenolic acids from P. vulgaris, including caffeic acid, ursolic acid or rosmarinic acid, 1 day after surgery and continued for the following 28 days. Then the cardioprotective effect, such as cardiac function, inflammatory status, and fibrosis areas were evaluated. RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq) analysis, real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, and ELISA were used to explore the underlying mechanism. In addition, ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer analysis was used to identify the chemicals from P. vulgaris. THP‐1NLRP3‐GFP cells were used to confirm the inhibitory effect of P. vulgaris and phenolic acids on the expression and activity of NLRP3. We found that P. vulgaris significantly improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size. Meanwhile, P. vulgaris protected cardiomyocyte against apoptosis, evidenced by increasing the expression of anti‐apoptosis protein Bcl‐2 in the heart and decreasing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in serum. Results from RNA‐seq revealed that the therapeutic effect of P. vulgaris might relate to NLRP3‐mediated inflammatory response. Results from real‐time PCR and western blotting confirmed that P. vulgaris suppressed NLRP3 expression in MI heart. We also found that P. vulgaris suppressed NLRP3 expression and the secretion of HMGB1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 in THP‐1NLRP3‐GFP cells. Further studies indicated that the active components of P. vulgaris were three phenolic acids, those were caffeic acid, ursolic acid, and rosmarinic acid. These phenolic acids inhibited LPS‐induced NLRP3 expression and activity in THP‐1 cells, and improved cardiac function, suppressed inflammatory aggregation and fibrosis in MI rat models. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that P. vulgaris and phenolic acids from P. vulgaris, including caffeic acid, ursolic acid, and rosmarinic acid, could improve cardiac function and protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia injury during MI. The mechanism was partially related to inhibiting NLRP3 activation.
The influence of propolis plus Hyoscyamus niger L. against COVID‐19: A phase II, multicenter, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial
Authors: Kosari Morteza , Khorvash Farzin , Sayyah Mohammad Kazem , Ansari Chaharsoughi Maryam , Najafi Ahmad , Momen‐Heravi Mansooreh , Karimian Mohammad , Akbari Hossein , Noureddini Mehdi , Salami Mahmoud , Ghaderi Amir , Amini Mahabadi Javad , Khamechi Seyed Peyman , Yeganeh Somayeh , Banafshe Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe incubation period of COVID‐19 symptoms, along with the proliferation and high transmission rate of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, is the cause of an uncontrolled epidemic worldwide. Vaccination is the front line of prevention, and antiinflammatory and antiviral drugs are the treatment of this disease. In addition, some herbal therapy approaches can be a good way to deal with this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of propolis syrup with Hyoscyamus niger L. extract in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 with acute disease conditions in a double‐blinded approach. The study was performed on 140 patients with COVID‐19 in a double‐blind, randomized, and multicentral approach. The main inclusion criterion was the presence of a severe type of COVID‐19 disease. The duration of treatment with syrup was 6 days and 30 CC per day in the form of three meals. On Days 0, 2, 4, and 6, arterial blood oxygen levels, C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell, as well as the patient's clinical symptoms such as fever and chills, cough and shortness of breath, chest pain, and other symptoms, were recorded and analyzed. Propolis syrup with H. niger L. significantly reduces cough from the second day, relieving shortness of breath on the fourth day, and significantly reduces CRP, weakness, and lethargy, as well as significantly increased arterial blood oxygen pressure on the sixth day compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). The results in patients are such that in the most severe conditions of the disease 80% < SpO2 (oxygen saturation), the healing process of the syrup on reducing CRP and increasing arterial blood oxygen pressure from the fourth day is significantly different compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05). The use of syrup is associated with a reduction of 3.6 days in the hospitalization period compared with the placebo group. Propolis syrup with H. niger L. has effectiveness in the viral and inflammatory phases on clinical symptoms and blood parameters and arterial blood oxygen levels of patients with COVID‐19. Also, it reduces referrals to the intensive care unit and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. So, this syrup promises to be an effective treatment in the great challenge of COVID‐19.
Wireless random‐access networks with bipartite interference graphs
Authors: Borst Sem C. , den Hollander Frank , Nardi Francesca R. , Sfragara Matteo 
Published: November 2023

AbstractWe consider random‐access networks where nodes represent servers with a queue and can be either active or inactive. A node deactivates at unit rate, while it activates at a rate that depends on its queue length, provided none of its neighbors is active. We consider arbitrary bipartite graphs in the limit as the initial queue lengths become large and identify the transition time between the two states where one half of the network is active and the other half is inactive. The transition path is decomposed into a succession of transitions on complete bipartite subgraphs. We formulate a randomized greedy algorithm that takes the graph as input and gives as output the set of transition paths the network is most likely to follow. Along each path we determine the mean transition time and its law on the scale of its mean. Depending on the activation rates, we identify three regimes of behavior.
Modeling subpopulations for hierarchically structured data
Authors: Simpson Andrew , Michael Semhar , Borchert Dylan , Saunders Christopher , Tang Larry 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe field of forensic statistics offers a unique hierarchical data structure in which a population is composed of several subpopulations of sources and a sample is collected from each source. This subpopulation structure creates an additional layer of complexity. Hence, the data has a hierarchical structure in addition to the existence of underlying subpopulations. Finite mixtures are known for modeling heterogeneity; however, previous parameter estimation procedures assume that the data is generated through a simple random sampling process. We propose using a semi‐supervised mixture modeling approach to model the subpopulation structure which leverages the fact that we know the collection of samples came from the same source, yet an unknown subpopulation. A simulation study and a real data analysis based on famous glass datasets and a keystroke dynamic typing data set show that the proposed approach performs better than other approaches that have been used previously in practice.
Laser‐Ignited Lipid Peroxidation Nanoamplifiers for Strengthening Tumor Photodynamic Therapy Through Aggravating Ferroptotic Propagation and Sustainable High Immunogenicity
Authors: Ma Yunong , Zhao Xi , Tian Peilin , Xu Kexin , Luo Jiayang , Li Honghui , Yuan Mingqing , Liu Xu , Zhong Yanping , Wei Pingzhen , Song Jiaxing , Wen Liewei , Lu Cuixia 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is extensively investigated for tumor therapy in the clinic. However, the efficacy of PDT is severely limited by the tissue penetrability of light, short effective half‐life and radius of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the weak immunostimulatory effect. In this study, a glutathione (GSH)‐activatable nano‐photosensitizer is developed to load with arachidonic acid (AA) and camouflage by erythrocyte membrane, which serves as a laser‐ignited lipid peroxidation nanoamplifier (MAR). The photosensitive effect of MAR is recovered accompanied by the degradation in the tumor microenvironment and triggers the peroxidation of AA upon laser excitation. Interestingly, it aggravates the propagation of ferroptosis among cancer cells by driving the continuous lipid peroxidation chain reactions with the participation of the degradation products, ferrous ions (Fe2+), and AA. Consequently, even the deep‐seated tumor cells without illumination also undergo ferroptosis owing to the propagation of ferroptotic signal. Moreover, the residual tumor cells undergoing ferroptosis still maintain high immunogenicity after PDT, thus continuously triggering sufficient tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) release to remarkably promote the anti‐tumor immune response. Therefore, this study will provide a novel “all‐in‐one” nano‐photosensitizer that not only amplifies the damaging effect and expands the effective range of PDT but also improves the immunostimulatory effect after PDT.
Heterogeneous Structures Consisting of Rod‐like ZnO Interspersed with Ce2S3 Nanoparticles for Photo‐Sensitive Supercapacitors with Enhanced Capacitive Performance
Authors: Long Wanjiang , Li Tongling , Luo Qianqian , Li Weilong , Zhang Heng , Tan Haifeng , Ren Zhaoyu 
Published: November 2023

AbstractPhotosensitive supercapacitors incorporate light‐sensitive materials on capacitive electrodes, enabling solar energy conversion and storage in one device. In this study, heterogeneous structures of rod‐shaped ZnO decorated with Ce2S3 nanoparticles on nickel foam (ZnO@Ce2S3/NF) are synthesized using a two‐step hydrothermal method as photosensitive supercapacitor electrodes for capacitance enhancement under visible light. The formation of ZnO@Ce2S3 heterogeneous structures is confirmed using various structural characterization techniques. The area‐specific capacitance of the ZnO@Ce2S3/NF composite electrode increased from 1738.1 to 1844.0 mF cm−2 after illumination under a current density of 5 mA cm−2, which is 2.4 and 2.8 times higher than that of ZnO and Ce2S3 electrodes under similar conditions, respectively, indicating the remarkable light‐induced capacitance enhancement performance. The ZnO@Ce2S3/NF electrode also exhibits a higher photocurrent and photovoltage than the two single electrodes, demonstrating its excellent photosensitivity. The improved capacitance performance and photosensitivity under illumination are attributed to the well‐constructed energy‐level structure, which stimulates the flow of photogenerated electrons from the outer circuit and the involvement of photogenerated holes in the resulting surface‐controlled capacitance. In addition, the assembled ZnO@Ce2S3/NF‐based hybrid supercapacitor exhibits a great energy density of 145.0 mWh cm−2 under illumination. This study provides a novel strategy for the development of high‐performance solar energy conversion/storage devices.
Engineering Copper‐Containing Nanoparticles‐Loaded Silicene Nanosheets with Triple Enzyme Mimicry Activities and Photothermal Effect for Promoting Bacteria‐Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Zeng Junkai , Gu Changjiang , Geng Xiangwu , Wang Zhong‐Yi , Xiong Zhi‐Chao , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Chen Xiongsheng 
Published: November 2023

AbstractSkin wounds accompanied by bacterial infections threaten human health, and conventional antibiotic treatments are ineffective for drug‐resistant bacterial infections and chronically infected wounds. The development of non‐antibiotic‐dependent therapeutics is highly desired but remains a challenging issue. Recently, 2D silicene nanosheets with considerable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and photothermal‐conversion performance have received increasing attention in biomedical fields. Herein, copper‐containing nanoparticles‐loaded silicene (Cu2.8O@silicene‐BSA) nanosheets with triple enzyme mimicry catalytic (peroxidase, catalase, and oxidase‐like) activities and photothermal function are rationally designed and fabricated for efficient bacterial elimination, angiogenesis promotion, and accelerated wound healing. Cu2.8O@silicene‐BSA nanosheets display excellent antibacterial activity through synergistic effects of reactive oxygen species generated from multiple catalytic reactions, intrinsic bactericidal activity of released Cu2+ ions, and photothermal effects, achieving high antibacterial efficiencies on methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of 99.1 ± 0.7% in vitro and 97.2 ± 1.6% in vivo. In addition, Cu2.8O@silicene‐BSA nanosheets exhibit high biocompatibility for promoting human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In vivo experiments reveal that Cu2.8O@silicene‐BSA nanosheets with synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic therapeutics effectively accelerate MRSA‐infected wound healing by eliminating bacteria, alleviating inflammation, boosting collagen deposition, and promoting angiogenesis. This research presents a promising strategy to engineer photothermal‐assisted nanozyme catalysis for bacteria‐invaded wound healing.
Mixed Nanosphere Assemblies at a Liquid–Liquid Interface
Authors: Fink Zachary , Wu Xuefei , Kim Paul Y. , McGlasson Alex , Abdelsamie Maged , Emrick Todd , Sutter‐Fella Carolin M. , Ashby Paul D. , Helms Brett A. , Russell Thomas P. 
Published: November 2023

AbstractThe in‐plane packing of gold (Au), polystyrene (PS), and silica (SiO2) spherical nanoparticle (NP) mixtures at a water–oil interface is investigated in situ by UV–vis reflection spectroscopy. All NPs are functionalized with carboxylic acid such that they strongly interact with amine‐functionalized ligands dissolved in an immiscible oil phase at the fluid interface. This interaction markedly increases the binding energy of these nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs). The separation distance between the Au NPSs and Au surface coverage are measured by the maximum plasmonic wavelength (λmax) and integrated intensities as the assemblies saturate for different concentrations of non‐plasmonic (PS/SiO2) NPs. As the PS/SiO2 content increases, the time to reach intimate Au NP contact also increases, resulting from their hindered mobility. λmax changes within the first few minutes of adsorption due to weak attractive inter‐NP forces. Additionally, a sharper peak in the reflection spectrum at NP saturation reveals tighter Au NP packing for assemblies with intermediate non‐plasmonic NP content. Grazing incidence small angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements confirm a decrease in Au NP domain size for mixtures with larger non‐plasmonic NP content. The results demonstrate a simple means to probe interfacial phase separation behavior using in situ spectroscopy as interfacial structures densify into jammed, phase‐separated NP films.
Nanothermometer Based on Polychlorinated Trityl Radicals Showing Two‐Photon Excitation and Emission in the Biological Transparency Window: Temperature Monitoring of Biological Tissues
Authors: Gonzalez‐Pato Nerea , Blasi Davide , Nikolaidou Domna M. , Bertocchi Francesco , Cerdá Jesús , Terenziani Francesca , Ventosa Nora , Aragó Juan , Lapini Andrea , Veciana Jaume , Ratera Imma 
Published: November 2023

AbstractNanothermometers are emerging probes as biomedical diagnostic tools. Especially appealing are nanoprobes using NIR light in the range of biological transparency window (BTW) since they have the advantages of a deeper penetration into biological tissues, better contrast, reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching. This article reports the preparation and characterization of organic nanoparticles (ONPs) doped with two polychlorinated trityl radicals (TTM and PTM), as well as studies of their electronic and optical properties. Such ONPs having inside isolated radical molecules and dimeric excimers, can be two‐photon excited showing optimal properties for temperature sensing. Remarkably, in TTM‐based ONPs the emission intensity of the isolated radical species is unaltered increasing temperature, while the excimer emission intensity decreases strongly being thereby able to monitor temperature changes with an excellent thermal absolute sensitivity of 0.6–3.7% K−1 in the temperature range of 278–328 K. The temperature dependence of the excimeric bands of ONPs are theoretically simulated by using electronic structure calculations and a vibronic Hamiltonian model. Finally, TTM‐doped ONPs as ratiometric NIR‐nanothermometers are tested with two‐photon excitationwith enucleated pig eye sclera, as a real tissue model, obtaining a similar temperature sensitivity as in aqueous suspensions, demonstrating their potential as NIR nanothermometers for bio applications.