bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placing the values and preferences of people most affected by TB at the center of screening and testing: an approach for reaching the unreached
Authors: Kerkhoff Andrew D. , West Nora S. , del Mar Castro Maria , Branigan David , Christopher Devasahayam J. , Denkinger Claudia M. , Nhung Nguyen Viet , Theron Grant , Worodria William , Yu Charles , Muyoyeta Monde , Cattamanchi Adithya 
Published: November 2023

AbstractTo reach the millions of people with tuberculosis (TB) undiagnosed each year, there is an important need to provide people-centered screening and testing services. Despite people-centered care being a key pillar of the WHO END-TB Strategy, there have been few attempts to formally characterize and integrate the preferences of people most affected by TB — including those who have increased exposure to TB, limited access to services, and/or are at increased risk for TB — into new tools and strategies to improve screening and diagnosis. This perspective emphasizes the importance of preference research among people most affected by TB, provides an overview of qualitative preference exploration and quantitative preference elicitation research methods, and outlines how preferences can be applied to improve the acceptability, accessibility, and appropriateness of TB screening and testing services via four key opportunities. These include the following: (1) Defining the most preferred features of novel screening, triage, and diagnostic tools, (2) exploring and prioritizing setting-specific barriers and facilitators to screening and testing, (3) understanding what features of community- and facility-based strategies for improving TB detection and treatment are most valued, and (4) identifying the most relevant and resonant communication strategies to increase individual- and community-level awareness and demand. Preference research studies and translation of their findings into policy/guidance and operationalization have enormous potential to close the existing gaps in detection in high burden settings by enhancing the people-centeredness and reach of screening and diagnostic services to people most affected by TB who are currently being missed and left behind.
Efficacy and Safety of Disitamab Vedotin in Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Combined Analysis of Two Phase II Clinical Trials
Authors: Sheng Xinan , Wang Lin , He Zhisong , Shi Yanxia , Luo Hong , Han Weiqing , Yao Xin , Shi Benkang , Liu Jiyan , Hu Changlu , Liu Ziling , Guo Hongqian , Yu Guohua , Ji Zhigang , Ying Jianming , Ling Yun , Yu Shiying , Hu Yi , Guo Jianming , Fang Jianmin , Zhou Aiping , Guo Jun 
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of disitamab vedotin (DV, RC48-ADC), a novel humanized anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E, in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) refractory to standard or regular therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS The data analyzed and reported are from two phase II, open-label, multicenter, single-arm studies (RC48-C005 and RC48-C009) in patients with HER2-positive (immunohistochemistry 3+ or 2+) locally advanced or metastatic UC who have progressed on at least one previous line of systemic chemotherapy. Patients received DV treatment (2 mg/kg IV infusion, once every 2 weeks). The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by a blinded independent review committee (BIRC). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety were also assessed. RESULTS One hundred and seven patients were enrolled in total. The overall confirmed ORR by BIRC was 50.5% (95% CI, 40.6 to 60.3). Consistent results were observed in prespecified subgroups including patients with liver metastasis and patients previously treated with anti–PD-1/L1 therapies. By the cutoff date of May 10, 2022, the median duration of response was 7.3 months (95% CI, 5.7 to 10.8). The median PFS and OS were 5.9 months (95% CI, 4.3 to 7.2) and 14.2 months (95% CI, 9.7 to 18.8), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were peripheral sensory neuropathy (68.2%), leukopenia (50.5%), AST increased (42.1%), and neutropenia (42.1%). Fifty-eight (54.2%) patients experienced grade ≥3 TRAEs, including peripheral sensory neuropathy (18.7%) and neutropenia (12.1%). CONCLUSION DV demonstrated a promising efficacy with a manageable safety profile in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic UC who had progressed on at least one line of systemic chemotherapy.
Volatile Anesthetic Use Versus Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Surgery: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Lee Ho-Jin , Nam Karam , Kim Seungwook , Hong Hyunsook , Yoo Seung Ho , Lee Seohee , Cho Youn Joung , Jeon Yunseok 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND:
Many studies have suggested that volatile anesthetic use may improve postoperative outcomes after cardiac surgery compared to total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) owing to its potential cardioprotective effect. However, the results were inconclusive, and few studies have included patients undergoing heart valve surgery.

METHODS:
This nationwide population-based study included all adult patients who underwent heart valve surgery between 2010 and 2019 in Korea based on data from a health insurance claim database. Patients were divided based on the use of volatile anesthetics: the volatile anesthetics or TIVA groups. After stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), the association between the use of volatile anesthetics and the risk of cumulative 1-year all-cause mortality (the primary outcome) and cumulative long-term (beyond 1 year) mortality were assessed using Cox regression analysis.

RESULTS:
Of the 30,755 patients included in this study, the overall incidence of 1-year mortality was 8.5%. After stabilized IPTW, the risk of cumulative 1-year mortality did not differ in the volatile anesthetics group compared to the TIVA group (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.90–1.07; P = .602), nor did the risk of cumulative long-term mortality (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.93–1.04; P = .579) at a median (interquartile range) follow-up duration of 4.8 (2.6–7.6) years.

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with TIVA, volatile anesthetic use was not associated with reduced postoperative mortality risk in patients undergoing heart valve surgery. Our findings indicate that the use of volatile anesthetics does not have a significant impact on mortality after heart valve surgery. Therefore, the choice of anesthesia type can be based on the anesthesiologists’ or institutional preference and experience.
Philology Goes to the Movies: The Task of the Critic in Kracauer and Auerbach
Authors: Newman Jane O. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The older and allegedly more conventional humanistic discipline of philology and the field of the “new” media of film that were emerging into their maturity in the early twentieth century are not commonly aligned. The institutional spaces they occupied—a cloistered academy and the popular “public sphere”—are seen as antithetical to one another. Letters between the contemporaries Erich Auerbach and Siegfried Kracauer suggest another story. This essay explores Auerbach’s and Kracauer’s interest in the enormous power of the cultural products they studied: the plays of seventeenth-century French classicisme and the mass-produced cinema of the early twentieth century, respectively, in critical fashion. Auerbach’s familiarity with Kracauer’s early essays may have alerted him to questions at the heart of the latter’s critique of the culture industry and helps explain the remarkable agreement between Kracauer’s account, in essays written during the mid- to late 1920s, of how a modern urban public “consumed” movies and Auerbach’s description of the audiences of early modern French tragedy in the to all appearances highly academic book The French Public of the Seventeenth Century, completed in 1933.
Hildegard von Bingen’s Scivias in Weimar Germany: Media Theory by Hand
Authors: Drimmer Sonja 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Between 1929 and 1930 a feud over the legitimacy of reproductions of works of art erupted in the pages of the culture periodical Der Kreis. Later dubbed the Hamburg Facsimile Debate, the dispute involved many of the day’s most eminent curators and academics in art and art history and became a focal point for emerging ideas about authenticity and the educative impact of the replica in the Weimar Republic. Even as the intelligentsia were publicly quarreling over the epistemological stakes of the facsimile, four nuns at Eibingen Abbey were meticulously hand-copying the most renowned illuminated twelfth-century manuscript of Hildegard von Bingen’s visionary summa, Scivias. This essay pits the Facsimile Debate against the facsimile craft of the Eibingen nuns, situating both within the context of new reproductive technologies devised specifically for representing medieval artifacts. It argues for a historicizing approach to the notion of authenticity, which bears on how we think about mediation and the surrogate in our research and teaching today.
From Text to Insight: A Natural Language Processing-Based Analysis of Topics and Trends in Neurosurgery
Authors: Karabacak Mert , Schupper Alexander J. , Carr Matthew T. , Hickman Zachary L. , Margetis Konstantinos 
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Neurosurgical research is a rapidly evolving field, with new research topics emerging continually. To provide a clearer understanding of the evolving research landscape, our study aimed to identify and analyze the prevalent research topics and trends in Neurosurgery.

METHODS:
We used BERTopic, an advanced natural language processing-based topic modeling approach, to analyze papers published in the journal Neurosurgery. Using this method, topics were identified based on unique sets of keywords that encapsulated the core themes of each article. Linear regression models were then trained on the topic probabilities to identify trends over time, allowing us to identify “hot” (growing in prominence) and “cold” (decreasing in prominence) topics. We also performed a focused analysis of the trends in the current decade.

RESULTS:
Our analysis led to the categorization of 12 438 documents into 49 distinct topics. The topics covered a wide range of themes, with the most commonly identified topics being “Spinal Neurosurgery” and “Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia.” The hottest topics of the current decade were “Peripheral Nerve Surgery,” “Unruptured Aneurysms,” and “Endovascular Treatments” while the cold topics were “Chiari Malformations,” “Thromboembolism Prophylaxis,” and “Infections.”

CONCLUSION:
Our study underscores the dynamic nature of neurosurgical research and the evolving focus of the field. The insights derived from the analysis can guide future research directions, inform policy decisions, and identify emerging areas of interest. The use of natural language processing in synthesizing and analyzing large volumes of academic literature demonstrates the potential of advanced analytical techniques in understanding the research landscape, paving the way for similar analyses across other medical disciplines.
Actin-based protrusions at a glance
Authors: Belian Sevan , Korenkova Olga , Zurzolo Chiara 
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Actin-based protrusions are at the base of many fundamental cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration and intercellular communication. In recent decades, the discovery of new types of actin-based protrusions with unique functions has enriched our comprehension of cellular processes. However, as the repertoire of protrusions continues to expand, the rationale behind the classification of newly identified and previously known structures becomes unclear. Although current nomenclature allows good categorization of protrusions based on their functions, it struggles to distinguish them when it comes to structure, composition or formation mechanisms. In this Cell Science at a Glance article, we discuss the different types of actin-based protrusions, focusing on filopodia, cytonemes and tunneling nanotubes, to help better distinguish and categorize them based on their structural and functional differences and similarities.
Rapid diagnostic testing for onchocerciasis in Maridi (South Sudan) before and after improving elimination strategies: a repeated cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hadermann Amber , Jada Stephen Raimon , Amaral Luís-Jorge , Colebunders Robert , Bol Yak Yak , Siewe Fodjo Joseph N 
Published: November 2023

Background Maridi County is an onchocerciasis-endemic area in South Sudan. Annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTi) was instituted in Maridi but interrupted for several years before resuming in 2017. In 2021, the CDTi programme was strengthened to a six-monthly programme. Additionally, the community-based vector control strategy “Slash and Clear” has been implemented since 2019 at the Maridi Dam, the only blackfly breeding site in the area. This study assessed the effect of these reinforced onchocerciasis elimination interventions on the Onchocerca volvulus seroprevalence among young children, an indicator of ongoing transmission. Methods Baseline and follow-up serosurveys were conducted in Maridi in 2019 (prior to strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts) and 2023, respectively. During both surveys, children aged three to nine years were recruited from five study sites situated at different distances from the Maridi Dam. Ov16 antibodies were detected via rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) using whole blood obtained by finger-pricking the participants. Baseline and follow-up Ov16 prevalence rates were calculated and compared. Results In 2019, the Ov16 seroprevalence among children aged three to nine years was 24.5% compared to 30.6% in 2023 (p=0.22). Both surveys found a particularly high Ov16 seroprevalence in the study site closest to the Maridi Dam (35.0% in 2019 and 44.0% in 2023, p=0.52). The Ov16 seroprevalence had a non-significant decreasing trend in the three-year-old children, from 12.5% (3/24) in 2019 to 8.8% (3/34) in 2023 (p=0.65). Conclusion The persistent Ov16 RDT seropositivity among three-year-old children in 2023 indicates ongoing O. volvulus transmission. Therefore, further strengthening of the onchocerciasis elimination programme is required. The study highlights the utility of RDTs in monitoring onchocerciasis transmission in highly endemic settings.
Genome-wide association study of susceptibility to hospitalised respiratory infections
Authors: Williams Alexander T. , Shrine Nick , Naghra-van Gijzel Hardeep , Betts Joanna C. , Chen Jing , Hessel Edith M. , John Catherine , Packer Richard , Reeve Nicola F. , Yeo Astrid J. , Abner Erik , Åsvold Bjørn Olav , Auvinen Juha , Bartz Traci M. , Bradford Yuki , Brumpton Ben , Campbell Archie , Cho Michael H. , Chu Su , Crosslin David R. , Feng QiPing , Esko Tõnu , Gharib Sina A. , Hayward Caroline , Hebbring Scott , Hveem Kristian , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Jarvik Gail P. , Landis Sarah H. , Larson Eric B. , Liu Jiangyuan , Loos Ruth J.F. , Luo Yuan , Moscati Arden , Mullerova Hana , Namjou Bahram , Porteous David J. , Quint Jennifer K. ,   Regeneron Genomics Center, Ritchie Marylyn D. , Sliz Eeva , Stanaway Ian B. , Thomas Laurent , Wilson James F. , Hall Ian P. , Wain Louise V. , Michalovich David , Tobin Martin D. 
Published: November 2023

Background: Globally, respiratory infections contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. However, genetic determinants of respiratory infections are understudied and remain poorly understood. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study in 19,459 hospitalised respiratory infection cases and 101,438 controls from UK Biobank (Stage 1). We followed-up well-imputed top signals from our Stage 1 analysis in 50,912 respiratory infection cases and 150,442 controls from 11 cohorts (Stage 2). We aggregated effect estimates across studies using inverse variance-weighted meta-analyses. Additionally, we investigated the function of the top signals in order to gain understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms. Results: From our Stage 1 analysis, we report 56 signals at P<5 ×10 -6, one of which was genome-wide significant ( P<5 ×10 -8). The genome-wide significant signal was in an intron of PBX3, a gene that encodes pre-B-cell leukaemia transcription factor 3, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor. Further, the genome-wide significant signal was found to colocalise with gene-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) affecting expression of PBX3 in lung tissue, where the respiratory infection risk alleles were associated with decreased PBX3 expression in lung tissue, highlighting a possible biological mechanism. Of the 56 signals, 40 were well-imputed in UK Biobank and were investigated in Stage 2. None of the 40 signals replicated, with effect estimates attenuated. Conclusions: Our Stage 1 analysis implicated PBX3 as a candidate causal gene and suggests a possible role of transcription factor binding activity in respiratory infection susceptibility. However, the PBX3 signal, and the other well-imputed signals, did not replicate in the meta-analysis of Stages 1 and 2. Significant phenotypic heterogeneity and differences in study ascertainment may have contributed to this lack of statistical replication. Overall, our study highlighted putative associations and possible biological mechanisms that may provide insight into respiratory infection susceptibility.
Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Denyer Steven , Eikani Carlo , Sheth Monica , Schmitt Daniel , Brown Nicholas 
Published: November 2023

AimsThe diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) can be challenging as the symptoms are similar to other conditions, and the markers used for diagnosis have limited sensitivity and specificity. Recent research has suggested using blood cell ratios, such as platelet-to-volume ratio (PVR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), to improve diagnostic accuracy. The aim of the study was to further validate the effectiveness of PVR and PLR in diagnosing PJI.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted to assess the accuracy of different marker combinations for diagnosing chronic PJI. A total of 573 patients were included in the study, of which 124 knees and 122 hips had a diagnosis of chronic PJI. Complete blood count and synovial fluid analysis were collected. Recently published blood cell ratio cut-off points were applied to receiver operating characteristic curves for all markers and combinations. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated.ResultsThe results of the analysis showed that the combination of ESR, CRP, synovial white blood cell count (Syn. WBC), and polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage (PMN%) with PVR had the highest AUC of 0.99 for knees, with sensitivity of 97.73% and specificity of 100%. Similarly, for hips, this combination had an AUC of 0.98, sensitivity of 96.15%, and specificity of 100.00%.ConclusionThis study supports the use of PVR calculated from readily available complete blood counts, combined with established markers, to improve the accuracy in diagnosing chronic PJI in both total hip and knee arthroplasties.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(11):881–888.
Educational Placement and Goal Quality for Students With Complex Support Needs
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Zimmerman Kathleen N. , Burke Kathryn M. , Zagona Alison L. , Kurth Jennifer A. , Malone Elisabeth J. , Loyless Roxanne , Gerasimova Daria , Pace Jesse R. , Hicks Tyler A. 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
This study examined reading, math, writing, social, behavioral, and communication learning goals for a large, national sample of elementary students with complex support needs served in one of four types of educational placements. Each goal was coded for three quality characteristics: (1) strengths-focus; (2) inclusion of self-determination skills; and (3) description of the context and content of goals, and identification of needed supports. The findings suggest ongoing issues with the expectations in goals for students with complex support needs across placement types, consistent with past research. There was a general lack of focus on student-directed learning and activities as well as a lack of identification of student-initiated supports. Goal quality characteristics varied across goal domains and placements; descriptive findings suggest that goals aligned with academic standards and social-behavioral-communication competencies were more common for students in inclusive general education classrooms. Implications for research and practice are described.
Influence of in vitro propagation on the economically important traits of strawberry cv. Marmolada
Authors: Viršček Marn Mojca , Berljak Jasna , Koron Darinka 
Published: November 2023

In vitro propagation of strawberries is a promising alternative to traditional propagation, since it provides better sanitary status of plants. The possibility of somaclonal variation presents one of the drawbacks of this method, but this phenomena can be minimised by the choice of optimal tissue culture procedure. To evaluate the influence of in vitro growing on economically important traits of strawberry cv. Marmolada, rooted plants were produced in vitro from a long term and from a newly established culture. These plants were used as mother plants for short multiplication in the field.Vegetative and generative traits of their runner plants were compared with conventionally produced cold storage plants and plants derived directly from tissue culture. Statistically significant differences were observed among different plant types in the number of runners per plant,number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. The most pronounced differences were observed in the number of fruits per plant and in the yield per plant. Plants obtained directly from tissue culture were almost twice as productive as conventionally produced cold storage plants. Conventionally produced cold storage plants had statistically significantly higher yields and fruit number per plant than runner plants derived from micropropagated mother plants. High yields of plants obtained directly from in vitro were mainly the results oftheir significantly prolonged ripening.
Providence et passions divines dans le stoïcisme : comment prémunir un dieu bienveillant contre la colère ?
Authors: Le Penru Rodolphe 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Against the Epicureans who conceive the gods as indifferent to make them inaccessible to anger, the Stoics assert that the god is incapable of anger due to his very benevolence. However, doesn’t the Stoic god’s concern for man threaten his impassivity and expose him to feel anger and passions? In this paper, I address, in a theological context, the classic ethical problem of the compatibility between the integrity of the individual and his concern for others. Several hypotheses are examined. Is divine benevolence merely a disposition to do good to human beings, devoid of any affection for them? If it is a feeling, is it an aspiration to the very exercise of the virtue of benevolence, rather than to the good of mankind in itself? Or could it be understood, in the context of the cosmic οἰκείωσις, as the god’s care for his own parts? Finally, should not we distinguish, in god’s philanthropy, between the φιλία he feels for the wise men and the ἔρως he feels for everyone else?