bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Legion Grid Portal
Authors: Natrajan Anand , Nguyen‐Tuong Anh , Humphrey Marty A. , Herrick Michael , Clarke Brian P. , Grimshaw Andrew S. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe Legion Grid Portal is an interface to a Grid system. Users interact with the portal, and hence a Grid, through an intuitive interfacefrom which they can view files, submit and monitor runs, and view accounting information. The architecture of the portal is designed to accommodate multiple diverse Grid infrastructures, legacy systems, and application‐specific interfaces. The current implementation of the Legion Grid Portal is with familiar Web technologies over the Legion Grid infrastructure. The portal can be extended in a number of directions—additional support for Grid administrators, greater number of application‐specific interfaces, interoperability between Grid infrastructures, and interfaces for programming support. The portal has been in operation since February 2000 on npacinet, a worldwide Grid managed byLegion on NPACI resources. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Programming environments for multidisciplinary Grid communities
Authors: Ramakrishnan N. , Watson L. T. , Kafura D. G. , Ribbens C. J. , Shaffer C. A. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractAs the power of computational Grids increases, there is a corresponding need for better usability for large and diverse communities. The focus in this paper is on supporting multidisciplinary communities of scientists and engineers. We discuss requirements for Grid computing environments (GCEs) in this context, and describe several core support technologies developed to meet these requirements. Our work extends the notion of a programming environment beyond the compile–schedule–execute paradigm, to include functionality such as collaborative application composition, information services, and data and simulation management. Systems designed for five different applications communities are described. These systems illustrate common needs and characteristics arising in multidisciplinary communities and motivate a high‐level design framework for building GCEs that meet those needs. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MyPYTHIA: a recommendation portal for scientific software and services
Authors: Houstis E. N. , Catlin A. C. , Dhanjani N. , Rice J. R. , Ramakrishnan N. , Verykios V. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe outline the design of a recommendation system (MyPYTHIA) implemented as a Web portal. MyPYTHIA's design objectives include evaluating the quality and performance of scientific software on Grid platforms, creating knowledge about which software and computational services should be selected for solving particular problems, selecting parameters of software (or of computational services) based on user‐specified computational objectives, providing access to performance data and knowledge bases over the Web and enabling recommendations for targeted application domains. MyPYTHIA uses a combination of statistical analysis, pattern extraction techniques and a database of software performance to map feature‐based representations of problem instances to appropriate software. MyPYTHIA's open architecture allows the user to customize it for conducting individual case studies. We describe the architecture as well as several scientific domains of knowledge enabled by such case studies. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A distributed computing environment for interdisciplinary applications
Authors: Clarke Jerry A. , Namburu Raju R. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractPractical applications are generally interdisciplinary in nature. Current technology is well matured for addressing individual disciplines but not for interdisciplinary applications. Hence, there is a need to couple the capabilities of several different computational disciplines to address these interdisciplinary applications. One approach is to use coupled or multi‐physics software, which typically involves developing and validating the entire software spectrum for a specific application. This will be extremely time consuming thus delaying the delivery of crucial capability to the end‐user. The other approach is to integrate individual well‐matured computational technology discipline's software thus taking advantage of the existing scalable software, validation investments, and tremendous developments in computational science. This integrated approach requires a consistent data model, data format, data management, seamless data movement, and robust, modular, scalable coupling algorithms. To address these requirements, we have developed a new flexible data exchange mechanism for high‐performance computing (HPC) codes and tools, known as the eXtensibleData Model and Format (XDMF). XDMF is part of a larger effort known as the ‘Interdisciplinary Computing Environment’ (ICE). ICE provides computational engines with the data management, visualizations, and user interface tools necessary to exist in a modern computing environment. Instead of imposing a new programming paradigm on HPC codes, XDMF uses the existing concept of file I/O for distributed coordination. XDMF incorporates Network Distributed Global Memory (NDGM), Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5), and eXtensible Markup Language (XML) to provide a flexible yet efficient data exchange mechanism. This paper discusses the development and implementation of a distributed computing environment for interdisciplinary applications utilizing the concept of a common data hub. Also, the implementation of XDMF is demonstrated for a typical blast–structure interaction interdisciplinary application. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Web services data analysis Grid
Authors: Watson William A. , Bird Ian , Chen Jie , Hess Bryan , Kowalski Andy , Chen Ying 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe trend in large‐scale scientific data analysis is to exploit computational, storage and other resources located at multiple sites, and to make those resources accessible to the scientist as if they were a single, coherent system. Web technologies driven by the huge and rapidly growing electronic commerce industry provide valuable components to speed the deployment of such sophisticated systems. Jefferson Lab, where several hundred terabytes of experimental data are acquired each year, is in the process of developing a Web‐based distributed system for data analysis and management. The essential aspects of this system are a distributed data Grid (site independent access to experimental, simulation and model data) and a distributed batch system, augmented with various supervisory and management capabilities, and integrated using Java and XML‐based Web services. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An event service to support Grid computational environments
Authors: Fox Geoffrey C. , Pallickara Shrideep 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe believe that it is interesting to study the system and software architecture of environments which integrate the evolving ideas of computational Grids, distributed objects, Web services, peer‐to‐peer (P2P) networks and message‐oriented middleware. Such P2P Grids should seamlessly integrate users to themselves and to resources which are also linked to each other. We can abstract such environments as a distributed system of ‘clients’ which consist either of ‘users’ or ‘resources’ or proxies thereto. These clients must be linked together in a flexible, fault‐tolerant, efficient, high‐performance fashion. In this paper, we study the messaging or event system—termed Grid Event Service (GES)—that is appropriate to link the clients (both users and resources of course) together. For our purposes (registering, transporting and discovering information), events are just messages—typically with time stamps. The messaging system GES must scale over a wide variety of devices—from handheld computers at one extreme to high‐performance computers and sensors at the other. We have analyzed the requirements of several Grid services that could be built with this model, including computing and education and incorporated constraints of collaboration with a shared event model. We suggest that generalizing the well‐known publish–subscribe model is an attractive approach and here we study some of the issues to be addressed if this model is used in GES. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Economic models for resource management and scheduling in Grid computing
Authors: Buyya Rajkumar , Abramson David , Giddy Jonathan , Stockinger Heinz 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe accelerated development in peer‐to‐peer and Grid computing has positioned them as promising next‐generation computing platforms. They enable the creation of virtual enterprises for sharing resources distributed across the world. However, resource management, application development and usage models in these environments is a complex undertaking. This is due to the geographic distribution of resources that are owned by different organizations or peers. The resource owners of each of these resources have different usage or access policies and cost models, and varying loads and availability. In order to address complex resource management issues, we have proposed a computational economy framework for resource allocation and for regulating supply and demand in Grid computing environments. This framework provides mechanisms for optimizing resource provider and consumer objective functions through trading and brokering services. In a real world market, there exist various economic models for setting the price of services based on supply‐and‐demand and their value to the user. They include commodity market, posted price, tender and auction models. In this paper, we discuss the use of these models for interaction between Grid components to decide resource service value, and the necessary infrastructure to realize each model. In addition to usual services offered by Grid computing systems, we need an infrastructure to support interaction protocols, allocation mechanisms, currency, secure banking and enforcement services. We briefly discuss existing technologies that provide some of these services and show their usage in developing the Nimrod‐G grid resource broker. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effectiveness of some of the economic models in resource trading and scheduling using the Nimrod/G resource broker, with deadline and cost constrained scheduling for two different optimization strategies, on the World‐Wide Grid testbed that has resources distributed across five continents. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Polder Computing Environment: a system for interactive distributed simulation
Authors: Iskra K. A. , Belleman R. G. , van Albada G. D. , Santoso J. , Sloot P. M. A. , Bal H. E. , Spoelder H. J. W. , Bubak M. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe paper provides an overview of an experimental, Grid‐like computing environment, Polder, and its components. Polder offers high‐performance computing and interactive simulation facilities to computational science. It was successfully implemented on a wide‐area cluster system, the Distributed ASCI Supercomputer. An important issue is an efficient management of resources, in particular multi‐level scheduling and migration of tasks that use PVM or sockets. The system can be applied to interactive simulation, where a cluster is used for high‐performance computations, while a dedicated immersive interactive environment (CAVE) offers visualization and user interaction. Design considerations for the construction of dynamic exploration environments using such a system are discussed, in particular the use of intelligent agents for coordination. A case study of simulatedabdominal vascular reconstruction is subsequently presented: the results of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of a patient are displayed in CAVE, and a surgeon can evaluate the possible treatments by performing the surgeries virtually and analysing the resulting blood flow which is simulated using the lattice‐Boltzmann method. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Component‐based, problem‐solving environments for large‐scale scientific computing
Authors: Johnson Chris , Parker Steve , Weinstein David , Heffernan Sean 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIn this paper we discuss three scientific computing problem solving environments: SCIRun, BioPSE, and Uintah. We begin with an overview of the systems, describe their underlying software architectures, discuss implementation issues, and give examples of their use in computational science and engineering applications. We conclude by discussing future research and development plans for the three problem solving environments. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application portals: practice and experience
Authors: Thomas Mary , Dahan Maytal , Mueller Kurt , Mock Steve , Mills Cathie , Regno Ray 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe implementation of multiple Grid computing portals has led us to develop a methodology for Grid portal development that facilitates rapid prototyping and building of portals. Based on the National Partnership for Advanced Computational Infrastructure (NPACI) Grid Portal Toolkit (GridPort) and the NPACI HotPage, all portals inherit interactive Grid services, share a single account and login environment, and share the infrastructure required to support and provide services used by each portal. We have demonstrated that the GridPort software can be used in production application portal environments, that the software can be configured to extend multiple sites. In this paper, we describe our experiences gained in building Grid portals and developing software for the Grid. We describe the architecture and design of the portal system, Grid services and systems employed, as well as the unique features of the system. We present descriptions of several application portals and the driving design choices. Finally, we discuss the new and emerging architecture system that being studied based on the Web services architecture. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of concurrent programming and cooperative multithreading
Authors: Keen Aaron W. , Ishihara Takashi , Maris Justin T. , Li Tiejun , Fodor Eugene F. , Olsson Ronald A. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThis paper presents a comparison of the cooperative multithreading model with the general concurrent programming model. It focuses on the execution time performance of a range of standard concurrent programming applications. The overall results are mixed. In some cases, programs written in the cooperative multithreading model outperform those written in the general concurrent programming model. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, it presents a thorough analysis of the performances of applications in the different models, i.e. to explain the criteria that determine when a program in one model will outperform an equivalent program in the other. Second, it examines the tradeoffs in writing programs in the different programming styles. In some cases, better performance comes at the cost of more complicated code. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Object‐oriented distributed computing based on remote class reference
Authors: Huang Yan , Walker David W. , Rana Omer F. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractJava RMI, Jini and CORBA provide effective mechanisms for implementing a distributed computing system. Recently many numeral libraries have been developed that take advantage of Java as an object‐oriented and portable language. The widely‐used client‐server method limits the extent to which the benefits of the object‐oriented approach can be exploited because of the difficulties arising when a remote object is the argument or return value of a remote or local method. In this paper this problem is solved by introducing a data object that stores the data structure of the remote object and related access methods. By using this data object, the client can easily instantiate a remote object, and use it as the argument or return value of either a local or remote method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving the official specification of Java bytecode verification
Authors: Coglio Alessandro 
Published: January 2003

AbstractBytecode verification is the main mechanism to ensure type safety in the Java Virtual Machine. Inadequacies in its official specification may lead to incorrect implementations where security can be broken and/or certain legal programs are rejected. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the specification, along with concrete suggestions for improvement. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The utilization of the Purdue cognitive job analysis methodology
Authors: Wei June , Salvendy Gavriel 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe objective of this article is to illustrate the utilization of the Purdue Cognitive Job and Task Analysis methodology, the Human Centered Cognitive Performance model based Purdue Cognitive Task Analysis Questionnaire, which not only analyzes jobs and tasks, but also provides a mechanism for improving cognitive job and task performance. Specifically, the utilization of this methodology can assist job evaluation, job design and job rotation, and personnel selection and training. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 13: 59–84, 2003.
Proprotein convertases regulate activity of prostate epithelial cell differentiation markers and are modulated in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Uchida Katsunori , Chaudhary Lala R. , Sugimura Yoshiki , Adkisson Huston D. , Hruska Keith A. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractProstate derived factor (PDF) is a member of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) superfamily proteins involved in differentiation of the prostate epithelium. Proprotein convertases (PCs) such as furin are thought to mediate the processing of TGF‐β superfamily. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that human prostate cancer cell lines differentially synthesize and secret prostate derived factor (PDF), and that PDF secreted by LNCaP is processed by PCs. Exposure of LNCaP cells to the decanoyl‐Arg‐Val‐Lys‐Arg‐chloromethylketone (CMK), a synthetic furin‐like protease inhibitor, inhibited PDF processing and resulted in the loss of luminal cell phenotype and induction of basal cell phenotype in LNCaP cells as demonstrated by alternations in the expression of cytokeratins 8, 14, 18, and 19, markers of prostate epithelial cell differentiation. These results suggest that proprotein convertases may be involved in the regulation of prostate epithelial cell differentiation, and may be an important target of prostate cancer therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 394–399, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analogs of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 as pluripotent immunomodulators
Authors: van Etten Evelyne , Decallonne Brigitte , Verlinden Lieve , Verstuyf Annemieke , Bouillon Roger , Mathieu Chantal 
Published: January 2003

AbstractThe active form of vitamin D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, is known, besides its classical effects on calcium and bone, for its pronounced immunomodulatory effects that are exerted both on the antigen‐presenting cell level as well as directly on the T lymphocyte level. In animal models, these immune effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 are reflected by a strong potency to prevent onset and even recurrence of autoimmune diseases. A major limitation in using 1,25(OH)2D3 in clinical immune therapy are the adverse side effects on calcium and on bone. TX527 (19‐nor‐14,20‐bisepi‐23‐yne‐1,25(OH)2D3) is a structural 1,25(OH)2D3 analog showing reduced calcemic activity associated with enhanced in vitro and in vivo immunomodulating capacity compared to the mother‐molecule. Indeed, in vitro TX527 is more potent that 1,25(OH)2D3 in redirecting differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells and in inhibiting phytohemagglutinin‐stimulated T lymphocyte proliferation. In vivo, this enhanced potency of TX527 is confirmed by a stronger potential to prevent type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and to prolong the survival of syngeneic islets grafts, both alone and in combination with cyclosporine A, in overtly diabetic NOD mice. Moreover, these in vivo effects of TX527 are obtained without the adverse side effects observed for 1,25(OH)2D3 itself. We believe therefore that TX527 is a potentially interesting candidate to be considered for clinical intervention trails in autoimmune diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 223–226, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vitamin D and bone
Authors: Suda Tatsuo , Ueno Yutaka , Fujii Katsuyuki , Shinki Toshimasa 
Published: January 2003

AbstractIt is now well established that supraphysiological doses of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] stimulate bone resorption. Recent studies have established that osteoblasts/stromal cells express receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) in response to several bone‐resorbing factors including 1α,25(OH)2D3 to support osteoclast differentiation from their precursors. Osteoclast precursors which express receptor activator of NF‐κB (RANK) recognize RANKL through cell‐to‐cell interaction with osteoblasts/stromal cells, and differentiate into osteoclasts in the presence of macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (M‐CSF). Osteoprotegerin (OPG) acts as a decoy receptor for RANKL. We also found that daily oral administration of 1α,25(OH)2D3 for 14 days to normocalcemic thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rats constantly infused with parathyroid hormone (PTH) inhibited the PTH‐induced expression of RANKL and cathepsin K mRNA in bone. The inhibitory effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3 on the PTH‐induced expression of RANKL mRNA occurred only with physiological doses of the vitamin. Supraphysiological doses of 1α,25(OH)2D3 increased serum Ca and expression of RANKL in vivo in the presence of PTH. These results suggest that the bone‐resorbing activity of vitamin D does not occur at physiological dose levels in vivo. A certain range of physiological doses of 1α,25(OH)2D3 rather suppress the PTH‐induced bone resorption in vivo, supporting the concept that 1α,25(OH)2D3 or its derivatives are useful for the treatment of various metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis and secondary hyperparathyroidism. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 259–266, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel regulators of vitamin D action and metabolism: Lessons learned at the Los Angeles zoo
Authors: Adams J.S. , Chen H. , Chun R.F. , Nguyen L. , Wu S. , Ren S.‐Y. , Barsony J. , Gacad M.A. 
Published: January 2003

AbstractWe undertook an investigation of an outbreak of rachitic bone disease in the Emperor Tamarin New World primate colony at the Los Angeles Zoo in the mid‐1980s. The disease phenotype resembled that observed in humans with an inactivating mutation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), hypocalcemia, high 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25‐(OH)2D) levels, and rickets in rapidly growing adolescent primates. In contrast to the human disease, the New World primate VDR was functionally normal in all respects. The proximate cause of vitamin D hormone resistance in New World primates was determined to be the constitutive overexpression of a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein in the A family which we coined the vitamin D response element binding protein (VDRE‐BP). VDRE‐BP competed in trans with the VDR‐retinoid X receptor (RXR) for binding to the vitamin D response element. VDRE‐BP‐legislated resistance to 1,25‐(OH)2D was antagonized (i.e., compensated) by another set of constitutively overexpressed proteins, the hsp‐70‐related intracellular vitamin D binding proteins (IDBPs). IDBPs, present but expressed at much lower levels in Old World primates including man, exhibited a high capacity for 25‐hydroxylated vitamin D metabolites and functioned to traffic vitamin Ds to specific intracellular destinations to promote their action and metabolism. J. Cell. Biochem. 88: 308–314, 2003. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.