bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereotypes of working women: the power of expectations
Authors: Camussi Elisabetta , Leccardi Carmen 
Published: February 2005

English The article considers the normative dimension of female gender stereotypes, underscoring the prescriptive and self-prescriptive power they contain. Particularly highlighted, from the social psychological point of view, is the recurring reproduction (even by women) of expectations of an intra-gender homogeneity based on a traditional female role. Emphasis is put on how this tendency to refuse to recognize intra-gender differences - often evident in job contexts - may contribute to conserving the power imbalances existing between men and women, and to sustaining women's systematic relegation to 'second place' in the workplace. As an example, the article contains some free quotations relating to the qualitative analysis made of women's discursive productions collected in a wider research project on the relation between gender and science. These aspects of stereotypic self- and other-perception - and the social expectations deriving from them - are also discussed in the light of the sociological approach to gender identity, and in their relations to practices and to ongoing social changes. French Cette contribution reprend la dimension normative des stéréotypes de genre féminin en soulignant le pouvoir normatif et auto-normatif qu'ils contiennent. D'un point de vue psychosocial, la reproduction constante d'attentes, même féminines, vers une homogénéité au sein des femmes, déclinée sur un rôle féminin traditionnel, est particulièrement mise en évidence. Il est souligné que cette tendance à méconnaître les différences au sein des femmes, souvent criante dans le contexte professionnel, peut contribuer à la conservation des déséquilibres de pouvoir existant entre hommes et femmes au travail en favorisant le classement continu des femmes à la 'deuxième place' dans les organisations. Quelques extraits de l'analyse qualitative effectuée sur les discours féminins relevés dans un projet de recherche plus ample sur la relation entre genre et science sont cités à titre d'exemple. Ces aspects d'auto- et hétéro-perception stéréotypique - et les attentes sociales qui en dérivent - sont également discutés à la lumière de l'approche sociologique de l'identité de genre, dans leur relation avec les pratiques et face aux changements sociaux en cours.
Driving forces for import of waste for energy recovery in Sweden
Authors: Olofsson Mattias , Sahlin Jenny , Ekvall Tomas , Sundberg Johan 
Published: February 2005

Between 1996 and 2002, the Swedish import of so-called yellow waste for energy recovery increased. The import mainly consisted of separated wood waste and mixes of used wood and paper and/or plastics that was combusted in district heat production plants (DHPPs). Some mixed waste was imported to waste incineration plants for energy recovery (10% of the import of yellow waste for energy recovery in 2002). The import came primarily from Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Denmark and Finland. We identified six underlying driving forces for this recent increase of imported waste which are outlined and their interactive issues discussed. • The energy system infrastructure, which enables high energy recovery in Sweden. • The energy taxation, where high Swedish taxes on fossil fuels make relatively expensive solid biofuels the main alternative for base load production of district heat. • The quality of the waste-derived fuels, which has been higher in the exporting countries than in Sweden. • The bans on landfilling within Europe and the shortage of waste treatment capacity. • Taxes on waste management in Europe. • Gate fee differences between exporting countries and Sweden. In the future, the overall strength of these driving forces will probably be weakened. A Swedish tax on waste incineration is being investigated. In other European countries, the ambition to reach the Kyoto targets and increase the renewable electricity production could improve the competitiveness of waste-derived fuels in comparison with fossil fuels. Swedish DHPPs using waste-derived fuels will experience higher costs after the Waste Incineration Directive is fully implemented. The uncertainty about European waste generation and treatment capacity, however, might have a large influence on the future gate fees and thus also on the yellow waste import into Sweden.
Metal Chelates to Prevent or Clear the Deposits of Amyloid β-peptide(1-40) induced by Zinc(II) Chloride
Authors: Sutoh Yuichi , Nishino Satoshi , Nishida Yuzo 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
We have observed that some metal compounds can dissociate the aggregated proteins in solution, and can prevent or clear the deposits of amyloid β-peptide(1-40) induced by zinc(II) ion.
Cationic Palladium Complex-catalyzed Cyclization–Hydrosilylation of Alkadiynes and Enynes
Authors: Wakayanagi Shigeru , Shimamoto Takamitsu , Chimori Motoharu , Yamamoto Keiji 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
A cationic π-allylpalladium complex, [(η3-C3H5)Pd (cod)]+[PF6]−, catalyzes hydrosilylation of 1,6-heptadiyne derivatives to form 1-methylene-2-(silylmethylene) cyclopentanes, HSiMenCl3−n (n = 0–2) being equally applicable to this cyclization–hydrosilylation. Certain 1,6-enynes react faster than 1,6-diynes under same reaction conditions, and 9-oxa-1-dodecene-6,11-diyne undergoes competitive cyclization–hydrosilylation at either diyne or enyne moiety, indicative of an unexpectedly high-reactive ene counterpart.
A Simple, Efficient and Solvent-Free Protocol for the Friedländer Synthesis of Quinolines by Using SnCl2·2H2O
Authors: Arumugam Pandurangan , Karthikeyan Ganesan , Atchudan Raji , Muralidharan D , Perumal Paramasivan T 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
A variety of polysubstituted quinolines have been synthesized under solvent free condition by using tin(II) chloride·dihydrate. The reaction proceeds smoothly at room temperature in short reaction time. The yields and purity are excellent.
Photosensitizing Properties of Diazaporphyrin Derivatives for Singlet Oxygen Generation
Authors: Shinmori Hideyuki , Kodaira Fumiaki , Matsugo Seiichi , Kawabata Shigeki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Diazaporphyrin derivatives (H2DAP and ZnDAP) are shown to possess photosensitizing ability of the singlet oxygen generation in toluene with quantum yields of 0.92 and 0.84 for H2DAP and ZnDAP, respectively.
Water-induced Acceleration of Transport Properties in Hydrophobic 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate Ionic Liquid
Authors: Kanakubo Mitsuhiro , Umecky Tatsuya , Aizawa Takafumi , Kurata Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
The electric conductivities and self-diffusion coefficients in dried and water-saturated 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [BMIM][PF6], were measured at 25 and 40 °C. Although the presence of water can remarkably induce acceleration of transport properties in the ionic liquid, the ionic dissociation remains almost unchanged.
A Co-reduction–Silicification Route to δ-Ni2Si Nanowire
Authors: Yang Baojun , Hu Hanmei , Wu Yucheng , Luo Tao , Yang Xiaogang , Qian Yitai 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
δ-Ni2Si nanowires have been synthesized via a co-reduction–silicification route, using anhydrous NiCl2 and SiCl4 as nickel source and silicon source, respectively, and metallic Na as reductant in an autoclave at 600 °C for 16 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations show that the diameters of nanowires ranged in 10–100 nm and lengths up to several tens micrometers. The possible formation mechanism is discussed.
A Simple Method for Fabrication of Mesoporous Films Using a Rapid Heating Process
Authors: Yamada Takeo , Zhou Haoshen , Honma Itaru , Ueno Yuko , Horiuchi Tsutomu , Niwa Osamu 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
Mesoporous silica SBA-15 and SBA-16 films can be successfully prepared on a substrate by a simple method involving a rapid heating process, which is controlled by a voltage applied to a heating electrode on the substrate. This advantageous method has considerable potential for electronic device fabrication processes.
Application of Bis(terpyridine)ruthenium(II) to N-Terminal Amino Acid Sequencing
Authors: Okamura Taka-aki , Iwamura Taku , Ito Akihiro , Kaneko Maki , Yamaguchi Minoru , Yamamoto Hitoshi , Ueyama Norikazu , Kuyama Hiroki , Ando Eiji , Norioka Shigemi , Nakazawa Takashi , Masui Ryoji , Kuramitsu Seiki 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
A novel N-terminal-labeling reagent [(tpy)RuII(tpyCONSu)]2+ ( = &lt;Ru&gt;-COONSu) provides an efficient and effective N-terminal sequencing of peptides and proteins in MALDI-TOF-MS/MS (PSD) analysis, which shows an fragments predominantly without any C-terminal-fragment ions.
Novel Approach for the Preparation of Metal Containing Mesoporous Silica Using Solubilization of Fatty Acid Salt
Authors: Yamaguchi Aritomo , Yokoyama Masahito , Ogura Taku , Oyaizu Kenichi , Yuasa Makoto , Ohkubo Takahiro , Sakai Hideki , Abe Masahiko 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
We have prepared copper-containing mesoporous silica (Cu/MS) using solubilization of copper oleate in nonionic surfactant aggregates. The amount of copper loading in calcined Cu/MS corresponded to the amount of copper oleate solubilized in surfactant aggregates of the mixed solution.
Gelator and Thickener Derived from Dimethyl 5-Aminoisophthalate
Authors: Inoue Daisaku , Sakakibara Yasuhiko , Suzuki Masahiro , Shirai Hirofusa , Kurose Akio , Hanabusa Kenji 
Published: February 2005

Abstract
1-Acylamino-3,5-bis(2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl)benzene derived from dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate formed a nano-scaled superstructure in organic solvents and acted as gelators or thickeners.
Cure kinetic study of carbon nanofibers/epoxy composites by isothermal DSC
Authors: Xie Hongfeng , Liu Binghua , Sun Qing , Yuan Zuanru , Shen Jianyi , Cheng Rongshi 
Published: February 2005

AbstractAn investigation was carried out into the cure kinetics of carbon nanofibers (CNF)/epoxy composites, composed of tetraglycidyl‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) resin and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) as a curing agent. The experimental data for both neat system and CNF/epoxy composites revealed an autocatalytic behavior. Analysis of DSC data indicated that the presence of carbon nanofibers had only a negligible effect on the cure kinetics of the epoxy. Kinetic analysis was performed using the phenomenological model of Kamal and two diffusion factors were introduced to describe the cure reaction in the latter stage. Activation energies and kinetic parameters were determined by fitting experimental data. Comparison between the two diffusion factors was performed, showing that the modified factor was successfully applied to the experimental data over the whole curing temperature range. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 329–335, 2005
Small‐Molecule Kinase‐Inhibitor Target Assessment
Authors: Kung Charles , Shokat Kevan M. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractThe identification of the cellular targets of small‐molecule protein kinase inhibitors is a significant hurdle to assessing their therapeutic potential for many diseases. Here we review several biochemical and genetics‐based approaches to identifying inhibitor targets. We also describe a chemical‐genomics approach to kinase‐inhibitor target identification and validation that matches transcriptional signatures elicited by a drug of unknown specificity and those elicited by highly specific pharmacological inhibition of engineered candidate kinase targets.
Performance control of scientific coupled models in Grid environments
Authors: Armstrong Christopher , Ford Rupert W. , Gurd John R. , Luján Mikel , Mayes Kenneth R. , Riley Graham D. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractIn recent years, there has been increasing interest in the development of computer simulations of complex biological systems, and of multi‐physics and multi‐scale physical phenomena. Applications have been developed that involve the coupling together of separate executable models of individual systems, where these models may have been developed in isolation. A lightweight yet general solution is required to problems of linking coupled models, and of handling the incompatibilities between interacting models that arise from their diverse origins and natures. Many such models require high‐performance computers to provide acceptable execution times, and there is increasing interest in utilizing Grid technologies. However, Grid applications need the ability to cope with heterogeneous and dynamically changing execution environments, particularly where run‐time changes can affect application performance. A general coupling framework (GCF) is described that allows the construction of flexible coupled models. This approach results in a component‐based implementation of a coupled model application. A semi‐formal presentation of GCF is given. Components under GCF are separately deployable and coupled by simple data flows, making them appropriate structures for dynamic execution platforms such as the Grid. The design and initial implementation of a performance control system (PERCO) is reviewed. PERCO acts by redeploying components, and is thus appropriate for controlling GCF coupled model applications. Redeployment decisions in PERCO require performance prediction capabilities. A proof‐of‐concept performance prediction algorithm is presented, based on the descriptions of GCF and PERCO. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple Modification of Sheet Resistivity of Conducting Polymeric Anodes via Combinatorial Ink‐Jet Printing Techniques
Authors: Yoshioka Yuka , Calvert Paul D. , Jabbour Ghassan E. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: Due to its capability of dispensing very small volumes of different liquids in a controlled manner, ink‐jet printing is well suited for combinatorial experiments. The multi‐nozzle ink‐jet delivery system is especially advantageous for parallel chemical synthesis of different materials. We have used ink‐jet printing of an oxidizing agent to pattern a pre‐coated conducting polymer, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxy)‐thiophene‐poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT‐PSS), yielding electrodes with predefined shapes and a controlled degree of sheet resistivity for use in gray‐scale organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). The electrical and optical properties of the PEDOT‐PSS layer are modified via chemical interaction using the oxidizing agent. These experiments were performed using a desktop ink‐jet printer in conjunction with common graphic software which employed color functions such as CMY (cyan, magenta and yellow), HSL (hue, saturation and luminosity) and RGB (red, green and blue).Photographs of gray‐scale OLEDs patterned on PEDOT‐PSS surfaces by an ink‐jet printer on plastic substrates.magnified imagePhotographs of gray‐scale OLEDs patterned on PEDOT‐PSS surfaces by an ink‐jet printer on plastic substrates.
A Rapid Quenched‐Flow Device for the Characterisation of the Nascent Polymerisation of Ethylene under Industrial Conditions
Authors: Di Martino Audrey , Broyer Jean Pierre , Spitz Roger , Weickert Günter , McKenna Timothy F. 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: A quenched‐flow reactor is introduced as an effective means for the production of polyolefin particles with precisely controlled reaction times as low as 40 ms. The use of off‐line scanning electron microscopy and induced‐coupled plasma yields experimental data on the development of the kinetics and morphology of nascent structures during the polymerisation of ethylene on a heterogeneous TiCl4MgCl2 Ziegler–Natta catalyst. Initial ex situ observations revealed the development of specific morphologies very early during the reaction (e.g., cracks in platelike surfaces, fines, extrudates, etc.) that can potentially lead to fines, and the kinetic analysis showed extremely high reaction rates at very short times.Scanning electron micrograph of a network of fibrils formed by the deformation of the surface of a particle due to the generation of internal forces.magnified imageScanning electron micrograph of a network of fibrils formed by the deformation of the surface of a particle due to the generation of internal forces.
Mesogen‐Free Supramolecular Liquid Crystalline State Formed by a Polyelectrolyte/Amphiphile Complex
Authors: Zhou Surong , Shi Haifeng , Zhao Ying , Jiang Shichun , Lu Yonglai , Cai Yuanli , Wang Dujin , Han Charles C. , Xu Duanfu 
Published: February 2005

AbstractSummary: The microstructure and phase transformation of a highly‐branched polyethyleneimine/octadecanoic acid (PEI(OA)1.0) complex were investigated using a combination of DSC, XRD, optical polarised microscopy and temperature dependent FT‐IR spectroscopy. A mesogen‐free thermotropic liquid crystalline state was observed in a certain temperature region. The strong ionic interaction between COO− (from OA) and NH (from PEI) and the hydrophobic interaction between the alkyl side chains contributes to the formation of a thermotropic liquid crystalline structure.
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Regulation of hepatic lipogenesis in starved and diabetic animals by thyroid hormone
Authors: Sugden Mary C. , Watts David I. , Marshall Christopher E. 
Published: February 2005

The effects of intragastric feeding with glucose and of the administration of L-triiodothyronine (T3) on in vivo rates of hepatic lipogenesis were investigated in control (fed ad libitum on norrnal diet), diabetic (fed ad libitum on normal diet), fat-fed (fed ad libitum on high-fat diet), and starved (food removed for 48 h) rats. Two days of T3 treatment increased hepatic lipogenesis in control and fat-fed animals but not in the diabetic or starved animals, although increases in lipogenesis in diabetic animals were observed after 4 days of T3 treatment.
Intragastric glucose feeding increased hepatic lipogenesis in the livers of control animals and T3-treated control animals. Such increases are mediated by an increase in the circulating insulin concentration, as increases are not observed in diabetic rats or T3-treated diabetic rats. Glucose feeding failed to increase hepatic lipogenesis in fat-fed rats or starved rats. Insulin injection together with glucose feeding increased lipogenesis in the fat-fed group but not the starved group; i.e., impaired insulin secretion following an oral glucose load may in part explain the lack of response in the fat-fed but not the starved animals. Marked increases in hepatic lipogenesis after glucose feeding were, however, observed if either the starved or the fat-fed animals were treated with T3, The physiological implications of these observations are discussed.
Modulation of asialoglycoprotein binding activity in livers of pregnant or estrogen-treated rats
Authors: Devirgiliis L. Conti , Bruscalupi G. , Dini L. 
Published: February 2005

This report deals with the modulation of activity and expression of the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor, in pregnant or diethylstilbestrol-treated rats.
The results show a two-fold increase in the total cell associated binding activity, both in pregnant and in estrogen-treated animals, with respect to normal values. On the contrary the surface expression was shown to be strongly enhanced only in the liver of pregnant rat. Therefore the modulation shown by this receptor system in pregnancy seems to be only partially estrogen-dependent.
Ion-exchange high-performance liquid-chromatography steps in peptide purifications
Authors: Von Bahr-Lindstróm Hedvig , Moberg Ulla , Sjódahl Jórgen , Jórnvall Hans 
Published: February 2005

Ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; on Ultropac TSK DEAE and CM) is compared with conventional soft-gel ion-exchange chromatography in identical peptide purifications. The results show that separating properties are similar, but as expected, ion-exchange HPLC has a much higher resolving capacity and a higher sensitivity, and allows a considerably shorter total separation time. The same buffer systems as for conventional ion-exchange chromatography can be used, including urea to solubilize large peptides, if care is taken not to exceed the pH limits set by the column matrix.
A complete purification scheme by HPLC in the nanomolar range, utilizing exclusion, ion-exchange, and reverse-phase chromatographies, is given with a complex peptide mixture from a digest of a large protein. Similar steps as in conventional soft-gel schemes can be utilized. It is concluded that ion-exchange HPLC is a suitable complement to commonly used reverse-phase HPLC steps and that it permits high speed and sensitivity over wide ranges of peptide sizes and amounts.
Immunochemical characterization of a new platelet specific monoclonal antibody and its use to demonstrate the cytoskeletal association of the platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex
Authors: Bird Christopher , Callus Marion , Trickett Lynne , Thorpe Robin 
Published: February 2005

We describe the production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for platelets. This antibody reacts strongly with human and primate platelets, but does not recognise human monocytes, polymorphonuclear leucocytes, lymphocytes, erythrocytes, leukaemic nor fibroblast cell lines, nor rodent platelets. Immunoprecipitation studies using radiolabelled platelet membrane proteins showed that the monoclonal antibody binds to the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex. Affinity chromatography using immobilized monoclonal antibody allows purification of the antigen, but also co-purifies the cytoskeletal proteins actin and myosin.
Our results demonstrate immunochemically that although the GP IIb-IIIa complex is an external structure, it is connected through the cell membrane to the microfilament system.
Kinetic studies of pyruvate kinase during in vitro differentiation of GM-CFC haemopoietic precursor and bone marrow cells in mice
Authors: Cuenllas Elvira , Gaitan Soledad , Bueren Juan A. , Tejero Concepcion 
Published: February 2005

Pyruvate kinase studies in the granulocyte-macrophage lineage during in vitro differentiation have been performed using culture techniques on GM-CFC cells and a study has also been done in bone marrow cells.
The enzyme exhibits biphasic behaviour with respect to both of its substrates in cells derived from in vitro cultures at 5 and 7 days of incubation period. However in bone marrow cells these kinetics are only observed for ADP.
The different kinetic behaviour of pyruvate kinase toward Fru-1,6-P2, Ala, Phe and ATP in the three cellular populations allows us to conclude that the expression of pyruvate kinase is associated with the differentiation of these cells.
The mechanisms by which vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate prolactin release from pituitary cells
Authors: Bjøro Trine , Sand Olav , Østberg Bjørn Chr. , Gordeladze Jan O. , Torjesen Peter , Gautvik Kaare M. , Haug Egil 
Published: February 2005

The effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on prolactin (PRL) secretion from pituitary cells is reviewed and compared to the effect of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). These two peptides induced different secretion profiles from parafused lactotrophs in culture. TRH was found to increase PRL secretion within 4 s and induced a biphasic secretion pattern, while VIP induced a monophasic secretion pattern after a lag time of 45–60 s.
The secretion profiles are compared to changes in adenylate cyclase activity, production of inositol polyphosphates, changes in intracellular calcium concentrations and changes in electrophysiological properties of the cell membrane.