bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commodification beyond data: regulating the separation of information from noise
Authors: Hoffmann Linus J. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractDigital technology brought informational saturation to our lives. In cyberspace, private and business users need help to make valuable pieces of information stand out from the noise of excessive information. With search algorithms, recommender systems, and online advertising, digital platforms specialised in providing relief for this problem. Their technologies arrange digitalised information to make it intelligible and relevant for individuals. But the separation of information from noise did not only become a necessity to comfortably navigate the depths of the web, it also became a commodity. There is a demand for it, a supply, a price, and an exchange on markets which is enabled by private law. The examples of general search, recommender systems, and online advertising illustrate that. At the same time, their commodification can become problematic. This paper argues that in the European Union (EU), the separation of information from noise has become a contested commodity according to M. J. Radin’s framework. The Digital Services Act and the Digital Markets Act purposefully limit the influence of the market price mechanism on the design and allocation of the separation technology to protect legal goods like the democratic process, innovation, and privacy.
Evaluation of Economic-Social Performance of Two Socialist Economic Models: Cuba (Central Plan) and China-Vietnam (Socialist Market)
Authors: Mesa-Lago Carmelo 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis article compares and evaluates performance of two main current socialist economic-social models. One is Cuba’s central plan characterized by state large enterprises predominant over the market and private property, with mild market-oriented structural reforms that are ineffective in generating sustainable socioeconomic development. The other model is the successful Sino-Vietnamese “socialist market,” typified by small, medium, and some large private enterprises and the market, all predominant under a decentralized plan (a guideline rather than a central plan). In this the state regulates the economy and controls the largest enterprises. The article identifies the characteristics of the three countries, addresses potential barriers to comparison, and summarizes a history of the reforms and their five key economic policies in the three countries. It also assesses performance based on a selection of the twenty most relevant and comparable indicators, elaborates a composite average to rank the three countries, and discusses potential methodological issues. The conclusions summarize the results of the comparison, recommend reforms for Cuba based on successful Sino-Vietnamese policies, and outline the research agenda for the future. The article is an important contribution to the fields of comparative economics systems, socioeconomic development, methodology, and Latin American studies.
A NEW RAMPED OXIDATION-14C ANALYSIS FACILITY AT THE NEIF RADIOCARBON LABORATORY, EAST KILBRIDE, UK
Authors: Garnett M H , Pereira R , Taylor C , Murray C , Ascough P L 
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACTSample materials such as sediments and soils contain complex mixtures of different carbon-containing compounds. These bulk samples can be split into individual fractions, based on the temperature of thermal decomposition of their components. When coupled with radiocarbon (14C) measurement of the isolated fractions, this approach offers the advantage of directly investigating the residence time, turnover time, source, or age of the different components within a mixed sample, providing important insights to better understand the cycling of carbon in the environment. Several laboratories have previously reported different approaches to separate radiocarbon samples based on temperature in what is a growing area of interest within the research community. Here, we report the design and operation of a new ramped oxidation facility for separation of sample carbon on the basis of thermal resistance at the NEIF Radiocarbon Laboratory in East Kilbride, UK. Our new instrumentation shares some characteristics with the previously-reported systems applying ramped oxidation and/or ramped pyrolysis for radiocarbon measurement, but also has several differences which we describe and discuss. We also present the results of a thorough program of testing of the new system, which demonstrates both the reproducibility of the thermograms generated during sample combustion, and the reliability of the radiocarbon measurements obtained on individual sample fractions. This is achieved through quantification of the radiocarbon background and analysis of multiple standards of known 14C content during standard operation of the instrumentation.
The racialising effects of non-marriage in English Law: A critical postcolonial analysis
Authors: Naqvi Zainab Batul 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this article I argue that the judicial concept of non-marriage racialises and orientalises minoritised communities and their marriages. Applying a critical postcolonial lens, I show how the development of non-marriage has been influenced by colonial racialising attitudes towards marriage. This has led to its application in racist and orientalist ways to demean and other minoritised marriage practices. My analysis of the case law exposes three patterns in the judicial discourse in this area. First, that the courts emphasise “English (Christian) marriage” and its supposed hallmarks when deciding if a ceremony is non-existent; second that judgments foreground the technical, formal aspects of the law obscuring the use of personal judicial opinions which are orientalist. Finally, the application of this concept to playacting, sham and forced marriages at the same time as legitimate minoritised marriage practices is demeaning and insulting to the already marginalised communities that practise them.
Gas Giant Simulations of Eddy‐Driven Jets Accompanied by Deep Meridional Circulation
Authors: Duer Keren , Galanti Eli , Kaspi Yohai 
Published: October 2023

AbstractJupiter's atmosphere comprises several dynamical regimes: the equatorial eastward flows and surrounding retrograde jets; the midlatitudes, with the eddy‐driven, alternating jet‐streams and meridional circulation cells; and the jet‐free turbulent polar region. Despite intensive research conducted on each of these dynamical regimes over the past decades, they remain only partially understood. Saturn's atmosphere also encompasses similar distinguishable regimes, but observational evidence for midlatitude deep meridional cells is lacking. Models offer a variety of explanations for each of these regions, but only a few are capable of simulating more than one of the regimes at once. This study presents new numerical simulations using a 3D deep anelastic model that can reproduce the equatorial flows as well as the midlatitudinal pattern of the mostly barotropic, alternating eddy‐driven jets and the meridional circulation cells accompanying them. These simulations are consistent with recent Juno mission gravity and microwave data. We find that the vertical eddy momentum fluxes are as important as the meridional eddy momentum fluxes, which drive the midlatitudinal circulation on Earth. In addition, we discuss the parameters controlling the number of midlatitudinal jets/cells, their extent, strength, and location. We identify the strong relationship between meridional circulation and the zonal jets in a deep convection setup, and analyze the mechanism responsible for their generation and maintenance. The analysis presented here provides another step in the ongoing pursuit of understanding the deep atmospheres of gas giants.
Intriguing type-II g-GeC/AlN bilayer heterostructure for photocatalytic water decomposition and hydrogen production
Authors: Ferdous Naim , Islam Md. Sherajul , Alam Md. Shahabul , Zamil Md. Yasir , Biney Jeshurun , Vatani Sareh , Park Jeongwon 
Published: October 2023

AbstractAdapting two-dimensional (2D) van der Walls bilayer heterostructure is an efficient technique for realizing fascinating properties and playing a key role in solar energy-driven water decomposition schemes. By means of first-principles calculations, this study reveals the intriguing potential of a novel 2D van der Walls hetero-bilayer consisting of GeC and AlN layer in the photocatalytic water splitting method to generate hydrogen. The GeC/AlN heterostructure has an appropriate band gap of 2.05 eV, wherein the band edges are in proper energetic positions to provoke the water redox reaction to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The type-II band alignment of the bilayer facilitates the real-space spontaneous separation of the photogenerated electrons and holes in the different layers, improving the photocatalytic activity significantly. Analysis of the electrostatic potential and the charge density difference unravels the build-up of an inherent electric field at the interface, preventing electron–hole recombination. The ample absorption spectrum of the bilayer from the ultra-violet to the near-infrared region, reaching up to 8.71 × 105/cm, combined with the resiliency to the biaxial strain, points out the excellent photocatalytic performance of the bilayer heterostructure. On top of rendering useful information on the key features of the GeC/AlN hetero-bilayer, the study offers informative details on the experimental design of the van der Walls bilayer heterostructure for solar-to-hydrogen conversion applications.
Neuronal progenitor cells-based metabolomics study reveals dysregulated lipid metabolism and identifies putative biomarkers for CLN6 disease
Authors: Rus Corina-Marcela , Polla Daniel L. , Di Bucchianico Sebastiano , Fischer Steffen , Hartkamp Jörg , Hartmann Guido , Alpagu Yunus , Cozma Claudia , Zimmermann Ralf , Bauer Peter 
Published: October 2023

AbstractNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 6 (CLN6) is a rare and fatal autosomal recessive disease primarily affecting the nervous system in children. It is caused by a pathogenic mutation in the CLN6 gene for which no therapy is available. Employing an untargeted metabolomics approach, we analyzed the metabolic changes in CLN6 subjects to see if this system could potentially yield biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Neuronal-like cells were derived from human fibroblast lines from CLN6-affected subjects (n = 3) and controls (wild type, n = 3). These were used to assess the potential of a neuronal-like cell-based metabolomics approach to identify CLN6 distinctive and specific biomarkers. The most impacted metabolic profile is associated with sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids metabolism, and calcium signaling. Over 2700 spectral features were screened, and fifteen metabolites were identified that differed significantly between both groups, including the sphingolipids C16 GlcCer, C24 GlcCer, C24:1 GlcCer and glycerophospholipids PG 40:6 and PG 40:7. Of note, these fifteen metabolites were downregulated in the CLN6 disease group. This study is the first to analyze the metabolome of neuronal-like cells with a pathogenic mutation in the CLN6 gene and to provide insights into their metabolomic alterations. This could allow for the development of novel biomarkers for monitoring CLN6 disease.
Massage manipulation and progression of osteosarcoma, does it really correlate: a combination of prospective and retrospective cohort study
Authors: Karda I Wayan Arya Mahendra , Wan Ismail Wan Faisham , Kamal Achmad Fauzi 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn Indonesia, the challenge of osteosarcoma progression is further worsened by patients' dependence on traditional massage therapy, low socio-economy, and educational status. This study aims to analyze the differences in the characteristics, laboratory findings, surgery techniques, degree of histopathological necrosis, and metastasis between osteosarcoma patients with and without prior massage manipulation therapy. This research is an analytical observational study with a prospective and retrospective cohort design. Patients were treated and followed for one year to evaluate the occurrence of metastasis. Prospective data was collected through interviews, and secondary data was collected from the patient's medical record. Of 84 subjects analyzed, 69% had a history of massage. There was an increase in LDH and ALP in patients with massage manipulation (p = 0.026). The median time to metastasis from baseline in the massage group (4 months) was statistically significant compared to the non-manipulation group (12 months) (p < 0.0001). This research found that massage therapy significantly increases LDH and ALP levels, making amputations more likely to be performed and a higher risk of metastasis that lowered the survival rate. The onset of metastasis was three times faster in patients with prior massage therapy. Therefore, we strongly recommend against massage manipulation therapy in osteosarcoma patients.
A laboratory pilot study on voids in flowable bulk-fill composite restorations in bovine Class-II and endodontic access cavities after sonic vibration
Authors: Körner Philipp , Gerber Sandra C. , Gantner Cindy , Hamza Blend , Wegehaupt Florian J. , Attin Thomas , Deari Shengjile 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThis pilot study investigated whether sonic-powered application of a bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) in Class-II or endodontic access cavities reduces void formation. The crowns and roots of 60 bovine teeth with Class-II cavities (C) and endodontic access cavities (E) respectively, were assigned to ten groups (C1–C5, E1–E5). Cavities were filled with RBC (SDR flow + , one increment) using different application techniques: no adaptation (C1 + E1), spreading of RBC on the cavity surfaces with a dental explorer tip (C2 + E2), low (C3 + E3) or high frequency (C4 + E4) direct activation by inserting a sonic-powered tip into RBC and high frequency indirect activation with an ultrasonic insertion tip (C5 + E5). The restorations were light-cured and investigated for voids using microtomography. The number of voids and percentage of voids related to the volume were statistically analysed (α < 0.05). While most voids in Class-II restorations were observed in C4 (p ≤ 0.0031), no significant differences were found between the other groups (p > 0.05). The percentage of voids showed no differences in E1-E5 (p > 0.05). C4 showed a significantly higher percentage of voids compared to C2 (p < 0.001). There is no benefit in applying sonic vibration when filling Class-II or endodontic access cavities.
Loss of CDH16 expression is a strong independent predictor for lymph node metastasis in Middle Eastern papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Siraj Abdul K. , Parvathareddy Sandeep Kumar , Al-Rasheed Maha , Annaiyappanaidu Padmanaban , Siraj Nabil , Lennartz Maximilian , Al-Sobhi Saif S. , Al-Dayel Fouad , Sauter Guido , Al-Kuraya Khawla S. 
Published: October 2023

AbstractPapillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. The membrane-associated glycoprotein cadherin-16 (CDH16) plays a significant role in the embryonal development of thyroid follicles and cell adhesion. Previous studies have indicated a substantial downregulation of CDH16 in PTC. However, its role in Middle Eastern PTC has not been elucidated. We analyzed a tissue microarray comprising 1606 PTC and 240 normal thyroid tissues using immunohistochemistry to assess CDH16 expression and determine its clinico-pathological associations. We also conducted BRAF and TERT mutations analyses through Sanger sequencing. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves. CDH16 immunostaining was seen in 100% of normal thyroid tissues but only in 9.4% of PTC tissues (p < 0.0001). The loss of CDH16 expression was associated with aggressive PTC characteristics including bilaterality, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, tall cell variant, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis. Additionally a correlation between loss of CDH16 expression and BRAF and TERT mutations was identified. Intriguingly, upon conducting multivariate logistic regression analysis, CDH16 was determined to be an independent predictor for LNM (Odds ratio = 2.46; 95% confidence interval = 1.60–3.79; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, CDH16 loss was associated with a shorter DFS (p = 0.0015). However, when we further subdivided CDH16 negative patients based on the co-existence of TERT and/or BRAF mutations, we found that patients with both CDH16 negative expression and TERT mutation exhibited the shortest DFS (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, our results suggest that CDH16 protein expression could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for PTC. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate that the loss of CDH16 expression is an independent predictor of LNM and may contribute to the aggressiveness of PTC. Therefore, downregulation of CDH16 in PTC might be a potential target for designing novel therapeutic strategies to treat PTC.
Complete chloroplast genomes of Cerastium alpinum, C. arcticum and C. nigrescens: genome structures, comparative and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Milarska Sylwia E. , Androsiuk Piotr , Paukszto Łukasz , Jastrzębski Jan P. , Maździarz Mateusz , Larson Keith W. , Giełwanowska Irena 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe genusCerastiumincludes about 200 species that are mostly found in the temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere. Here we report the complete chloroplast genomes ofCerastium alpinum,C.arcticumandC.nigrescens. The length of cp genomes ranged from 147,940 to 148,722 bp. Their quadripartite circular structure had the same gene organization and content, containing 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Repeat sequences varied from 16 to 23 per species, with palindromic repeats being the most frequent. The number of identified SSRs ranged from 20 to 23 per species and they were mainly composed of mononucleotide repeats containing A/T units. Based on Ka/Ks ratio values, most genes were subjected to purifying selection. The newly sequenced chloroplast genomes were characterized by a high frequency of RNA editing, including both C to U and U to C conversion. The phylogenetic relationships within the genusCerastiumand family Caryophyllaceae were reconstructed based on the sequences of 71 protein-coding genes. The topology of the phylogenetic tree was consistent with the systematic position of the studied species. All representatives of the genusCerastiumwere gathered in a single clade withC. glomeratumsharing the least similarity with the others.
Dementia, stroke, age, use of medical devices and antipsychotic drugs may increase the risk of nosocomial infections among elderly patients hospitalized at Neurology Clinics
Authors: Biscetti Leonardo , Cameriere Valentina , Rossi Tommaso , Potente Eleonora , Sabbatini Deborah , Bollettini Francesco , Castellani Simona , Ferrara Letizia , Galeazzi Roberta , Lattanzio Fabrizia , Di Rosa Mirko , Foresi Elisa , Pelliccioni Giuseppe 
Published: October 2023

AbstractHealthcare-acquired infections (HCAI) represent a major health problem worldwide. Stroke and dementia are considered risk factors for HCAI. Preliminary data suggest that use of antipsychotic drugs also increase the risk for HCAI. Here, we performed a retrospective study aimed at investigating the major risk and protective factors for HCAI in a cohort of elderly subjects hospitalized at an Italian tertiary Neurology Clinics. We included all patients with age ≥ 65 years hospitalized at Neurology Clinics of National Institute on Ageing, Ancona, Italy from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2021. For each patient, the following data were collected: age, sex, use of medical devices, comorbidities, use of antipsychotic medications, development of HCAI. We included 1543 patients (41.4% males; median age 85 years [80–89]). According to multivariable analysis, age, stroke, duration of urinary catheter placement (for all p < 0.001) and midline placement (p = 0.035) resulted to be risk factors for HCAI, Diabetes resulted to be a protective factor for pneumonia (p = 0.041), while dementia and nasogastric tube were risks factor for this condition (p = 0.022 and p < 0.001, respectively). Urinary catheter was a risk factor for urinary tract infections (p < 0.001). Duration of placement of vascular catheters and use of antipsychotic drugs resulted to significantly increase the risk for bloodstream infections. Stroke, age and use of medical devices were confirmed to be risk factors for HCAI. Antipsychotic drugs resulted to increase risk for bloodstream infections. Further prospective studies will be needed to confirm these findings.
Controllability study of copper‐tin‐sulphide (Cu3SnS4) material based on the ratio adjustment of Cu to Sn elements
Authors: Dong Mingrong , Wei Leikai , Zhu Yan 
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of pure phase Cu3SnS4 is of great significance for improving its material properties. Here, the control law of Cu and Sn element ratio on the synthesis of pure phase Cu3SnS4 from physical and chemical methods was analyzed through literature research. The results: (1) the adjustment of the Cu‐to‐Sn ratio metal elements as a phase control parameter has the characteristics of flexibility and controllability. (2) When the precursor component is rich in Cu and the chemical potential of the medium and high sulphur is high, the phase will develop to a wider thermodynamically stable region of Cu3SnS4. By adjusting the Cu‐to‐Sn ratio elements, when the release rate of anions and the reaction rate of cations adapt to each other, the thermodynamic reaction conditions can be well satisfied, which is beneficial to the preparation of pure phase Cu3SnS4. (3) The phase control method of Cu and Sn element ratio of template seed crystal can not only realize the reasonable regulation of Cu and Sn element ratio but also control the synthesis of phase more accurately. The results of this paper have certain reference values for the application of new materials synthesized by adjusting the proportion of elements.
Intensity modulation of UV light in gas sensor array to discriminate several analytes at room temperature
Authors: Sadredini Ahmad Reza , Nikfarjam Alireza , Naeimi Pour Mohsen , Nazeri Niloofar 
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn this study, a gas sensor array along with intensity modulation of UV light was utilized to discriminate several gases at room temperature. The sensor array was consisted of two interdigitated microelectrodes and TiO2 nanofibres were electrospun on them and calcined at 540°C for 90 min. One of these sensors was coated by 2‐nm Pt using the DC sputtering method and the other one remained uncoated. In each experiment, the sensor array was located at a distance of 30 mm from a 365‐nm UV LED. For intensity modulation of UV light, a staircase waveform voltage was applied to the UV LED. The voltage was included of three voltage steps and the measured powers at a distance of 30 mm from the UV‐LED were about 450, 560, and 680 µW/cm2, respectively. Analytes including acetone, ethanol, methanol, 2‐propanol, and carbon monoxide (CO) at various concentrations ranging from 50 to 500 ppm were examined. Three‐dimensional Principal Component Analysis mapping was successfully used for the segregation of all examined gases. The examinations revealed that using sensor array along with intensity modulation of UV light is an effective method for discrimination of several analytes at room temperature.