bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoptive transfer of gene-engineered CD4+ helper T cells induces potent primary and secondary tumor rejection
Authors: Moeller Maria , Haynes Nicole M. , Kershaw Michael H. , Jackson Jacob T. , Teng Michele W. L. , Street Shayna E. , Cerutti Loretta , Jane Stephen M. , Trapani Joseph A. , Smyth Mark J. , Darcy Phillip K. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractBecause CD4+ T cells play a key role in aiding cellular immune responses, we wanted to assess whether increasing numbers of gene-engineered antigen-restricted CD4+ T cells could enhance an antitumor response mediated by similarly gene-engineered CD8+ T cells. In this study, we have used retroviral transduction to generate erbB2-reactive mouse T-cell populations composed of various proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ cells and then determined the antitumor reactivity of these mixtures. Gene-modified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were shown to specifically secrete Tc1 (T cytotoxic-1) or Tc2 cytokines, proliferate, and lyse erbB2+ tumor targets following antigen ligation in vitro. In adoptive transfer experiments using severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice, we demonstrated that injection of equivalent numbers of antigenspecific engineered CD8+ and CD4+ T cells led to significant improvement in survival of mice bearing established lung metastases compared with transfer of unfractionated (largely CD8+) engineered T cells. Transferred CD4+ T cells had to be antigen-specific (not just activated) and secrete interferon γ (IFN-γ) to potentiate the antitumor effect. Importantly, antitumor responses in these mice correlated with localization and persistence of geneengineered T cells at the tumor site. Strikingly, mice that survived primary tumor challenge could reject a subsequent rechallenge. Overall, this study has highlighted the therapeutic potential of using combined transfer of antigen-specific gene-modified CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to significantly enhance T-cell adoptive transfer strategies for cancer therapy.
Different thresholds of Notch signaling bias human precursor cells toward B-, NK-, monocytic/dendritic-, or T-cell lineage in thymus microenvironment
Authors: De Smedt Magda , Hoebeke Inge , Reynvoet Katia , Leclercq Georges , Plum Jean 
Published: July 2005

AbstractNotch receptors are involved in lineage decisions in multiple developmental scenarios, including hematopoiesis. Here, we treated hybrid human-mouse fetal thymus organ culture with the γ-secretase inhibitor 7 (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenyl-glycine t-butyl ester) (DAPT) to establish the role of Notch signaling in human hematopoietic lineage decisions. The effect of inhibition of Notch signaling was studied starting from cord blood CD34+ or thymic CD34+CD1-, CD34+CD1+, or CD4ISP progenitors. Treatment of cord blood CD34+ cells with low DAPT concentrations results in aberrant CD4ISP and CD4/CD8 double-positive (DP) thymocytes, which are negative for intracellular T-cell receptor β (TCRβ). On culture with intermediate and high DAPT concentrations, thymic CD34+CD1- cells still generate aberrant intracellular TCRβ- DP cells that have undergone DJ but not VDJ recombination. Inhibition of Notch signaling shifts differentiation into non-T cells in a thymic microenvironment, depending on the starting progenitor cells: thymic CD34+CD1+ cells do not generate non-T cells, thymic CD34+CD1- cells generate NK cells and monocytic/dendritic cells, and cord blood CD34+Lin- cells generate B, NK, and monocytic/dendritic cells in the presence of DAPT. Our data indicate that Notch signaling is crucial to direct human progenitor cells into the T-cell lineage, whereas it has a negative impact on B, NK, and monocytic/dendritic cell generation in a dose-dependent fashion.
The incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in medical patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Prandoni Paolo , Siragusa Sergio , Girolami Bruno , Fabris Fabrizio ,   for the BELZONI Investigators Group
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn contrast with extensive documentation in patients treated with unfractionated heparin (UFH), the incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in medical patients receiving low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is less well defined. In a prospective cohort study, the platelet count was monitored in 1754 consecutive patients referred to 17 medical centers and treated with LMWH for prophylaxis or treatment of thromboembolic disorders. The diagnosis of HIT was accepted in case of a platelet drop of at least 50%, the absence of obvious explanations for thrombocytopenia, and the demonstration of heparin-dependent IgG antibodies. HIT developed in 14 patients (0.80%; 95% CI, 0.43%-1.34%), in all of them within the first 2 weeks, and was more frequent in patients who had (1.7%) than in those who had not (0.3%) been exposed to UFH or LMWH (OR = 4.9; 95% CI, 1.5-15.7). The prevalence of thromboembolic complications in HIT patients (4 of 14; 28.6%) was remarkably higher than that (41 of 1740; 2.4%) observed in the remaining patients (OR = 16.6; 95% CI, 5.0-55.0). Immune thrombocytopenia and related thromboembolism may complicate the clinical course of medical patients treated with LMWH with a frequency that is not different from that observed with the use of UFH. The previous administration of heparin increases the rate of HIT.
Standard-Risk Medulloblastoma Treated by Adjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Reduced-Dose Craniospinal Radiation Therapy: A French Society of Pediatric Oncology Study
Authors: Oyharcabal-Bourden V. , Kalifa C. , Gentet J.C. , Frappaz D. , Edan C. , Chastagner P. , Sariban E. , Pagnier A. , Babin A. , Pichon F. , Neuenschwander S. , Vinchon M. , Bours D. , Mosseri V. , Le Gales C. , Ruchoux M. , Carrie C. , Doz F. 
Published: July 2005

Objective The primary objective of this study was to decrease the late effects of prophylactic radiation without reducing survival in standard-risk childhood medulloblastoma. Patients and Methods Inclusion criteria were as follows: children between the ages of 3 and 18 years with total or subtotal tumor resection, no metastasis, and negative postoperative lumbar puncture CSF cytology. Two courses of eight drugs in 1 day followed by two courses of etoposide plus carboplatin (500 and 800 mg/m2 per course, respectively) were administered after surgery. Radiation therapy had to begin 90 days after surgery. Delivered doses were 55 Gy to the posterior fossa and 25 Gy to the brain and spinal canal. Results Between November 1991 and June 1998, 136 patients (median age, 8 years; median follow-up, 6.5 years) were included. The overall survival rate and 5-year recurrence-free survival rate were 73.8% ± 7.6% and 64.8% ± 8.1%, respectively. Radiologic review showed that 4% of patients were wrongly included. Review of radiotherapy technical files demonstrated a correlation between the presence of a major protocol deviation and treatment failure. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of patients included in this study with all optimal quality controls of histology, radiology, and radiotherapy was 71.8% ± 10.5%. In terms of sequelae, 31% of patients required growth hormone replacement therapy and 25% required special schooling. Conclusion Reduced-dose craniospinal radiation therapy can be proposed in standard-risk medulloblastoma provided staging and radiation therapy are performed under optimal conditions.
Fixed causality slip-stick friction models for use in simulation of non-linear systems
Authors: Margolis D 
Published: July 2005

Slip-stick friction occurs when the relative velocity between sliding surfaces approaches zero and the surfaces become ‘stuck’, requiring a force larger than the sliding friction force to break the surfaces loose, allowing sliding to resume. Mathematically, these physics are an example of ‘ideal switching’ where the velocity is zero and the force is determined by other parts of the system, or the force is set by the friction model (and could be zero), and the velocity is determined by other parts of the system. A switch in an electric circuit is another example. Including ideal switches in an overall physical system model is complicated by the inversion of causality when the switch occurs. In one state the velocity is prescribed and the force is determined, and in the other state the force is prescribed and the velocity is determined. Such causal inversions create formulation and computational problems, and these problems can be quite prohibitive if many switches are part of the model. This paper presents fixed causal models for slip-stick friction that allow a single state space model to be used regardless of the number of switches. Such a development allows simulation of multiple plate brakes and clutches, or ideal rectifiers, using an explicit first-order state space representation. It should be noted that there has been extensive work in the development of models that represent the physics of friction. One such model is the LuGre model [1] where microstructural displacements are modelled. Our intent here is not to extend the physics of slip-stick friction, but rather to reasonably represent the physics while providing a computationally convenient method for including slip-stick friction in overall system models.
Photosensitive Signal Transduction Induces Membrane Hyperpolarization in Paramecium bursaria
Authors: Mitarai Atsushi , Nakaoka Yasuo 
Published: July 2005

ABSTRACTThe protozoan ciliate Paramecium bursaria exhibits membrane hyperpolarization in response to photostimulation, accompanied with an increased swimming speed. The external addition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, either theophylline (1,3‐dimethylxanthine) or 3‐isobutyl‐1‐methylxanthin (IBMX), increased in both amplitudes of the membrane hyperpolarization and the increase in swimming speed. Moreover, the addition of membrane permeable cyclic nucleotide analogs, either 8‐bromo‐adenosine 3′, 5′‐cyclic monophosphate (Br‐cAMP) or 8‐Br‐guanosine 3′, 5′‐cyclic monophosphate (Br‐cGMP), increased these amplitudes. On the other hand, the addition of l‐cis‐diltiazem, known to block the conductance of cyclic nucleotide–gated channels, partially decreased both amplitudes of the membrane hyperpolarization and the increase in swimming speed. An enzyme immunoassay of cellular cyclic nucleotide contents showed that photostimulation induced a rapid increase in adenosine 3′, 5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), but little increase in guanosine 3′, 5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), raising the possibility that a rapid increase in cAMP mediates the light‐induced hyperpolarization in P. bursaria.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Provide Rapid and Accurate Estimates of the Proportions of U.S. and Canadian Chinook Salmon Caught in Yukon River Fisheries
Authors: Smith Christian T. , Templin William D. , Seeb James E. , Seeb Lisa W. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
As anadromous Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha bound for U.S. and Canadian spawning grounds migrate through the U.S. portion of the Yukon River, they are targeted by several fisheries. To fulfill treaty obligations between the two countries, fishery managers need to know what portion of fish caught in the United States are of Canadian origin. Allozyme markers have been used to assign individuals in mixed fishery samples to U.S. and Canadian portions of the Yukon River; however, these markers are limited by sampling difficulties and by the number of available loci. Microsatellite DNA markers have been considered as an alternative; however, microsatellite data are not readily transportable among laboratories or countries. Here we present the use of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that combine the ease of sampling and large potential number of loci of other DNA markers with universally transportable data. Simulations and analyses of known fish suggest that the SNP baseline can be used to assign fish to country of origin with more than 95% accuracy. Assignments based on SNP data are largely concordant with those based on allozyme data. The SNP baseline described here may be used to provide rapid and accurate estimates of the proportions of U.S. and Canadian Chinook salmon caught in Yukon River fisheries.
Behavior and Survival of Wild and Hatchery-Origin Winter Steelhead Spawners Caught and Released in a Recreational Fishery
Authors: Nelson T. C. , Rosenau M. L. , Johnston N. T. 
Published: July 2005

Abstract
Mandatory catch and release of wild fish and supplementation with hatchery-reared fish are commonly used to sustain sport fisheries on low-abundance populations of wild steelhead. However, their effectiveness in limiting angling mortality on wild fish is uncertain. We radio-tagged 226 (125 wild, 101 hatchery) angled adult steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss near the mouth of the Vedder−Chilliwack River, British Columbia, in 1999 and 2000 and monitored their subsequent movements to determine survival to spawning and overlap in the distributions of inferred holding sites, spawning sites, and spawning times. The distributions of prespawning holding sites did not differ between wild and hatchery fish in either year, but spawning locations differed. Holding and spawning sites used by hatchery fish were restricted to the lower two-thirds of the river, downstream of the hatchery where they were reared but well upstream of their smolt release site. Wild fish spawned throughout the watershed. Spawning times did not differ between wild and hatchery fish, but varied with run timing. The maximum mortality from the initial catch and release and radio-tagging was 1.4% in 1999 and 5.8% in 2000; true mortality rates were lower because tag regurgitation was indistinguishable from death. The fishery subsequently killed 2.5% of tagged wild fish and harvested 20% (1999) and 43% (2000) of the hatchery fish. Seventy-two tagged fish were recaptured and released in the sport fishery up to three times without any mortality before spawning. Hatchery fish were recaptured at twice the rate of wild fish. At least 92% of unharvested fish spawned, and 75% of successful spawners survived to emigrate from the watershed. The incidence of postspawning death did not vary with the frequency of capture and release. Catch-and-release angling imposed small costs in terms of survival; however, behavioral differences existed between adult wild fish and the adult F1 progeny of wild fish reared to smolt stage in a hatchery.
Label behavior property attached on microcellular foamed parts
Authors: Cha Sung W. , Yoon Jae D. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn comparison with the conventional foaming process, microcellular foaming by injection molding has the advantage of forming small bubbles of consistent size. Because of the reduction in the cycle time, the removal of sink marks, scale reliability, and weight lightening, microcellular foaming by injection molding is widely applied to electrical products, such as automotive parts, office automation equipment, and laptops. When microcellular foaming by injection molding is used with a resin such as polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, or PC/ABS, microbubbles form. This enables the manufacture of cell phones, notebooks, and personal digital assistants (PDAs), which are impossible to produce with the conventional foaming technique because these products require a thin wall. For most thin‐wall products, spray and labeling processes are added. Therefore, research into the spray and labeling characteristics of injected foamed parts should come before applications. In this article, we analyze the swelling phenomenon that results from labeling on microcellular foamed parts. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 289–293, 2005
Synthesis and fluorescence properties of aromatic‐aliphatic copolyamides
Authors: Ren Hongxia , Wang Yunpu , Lei Ziqiang 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe aromatic‐aliphatic copolyamides were synthesized by condensation polymerization of aromatic diamine PPD (or APS, where PPD is p‐phenylene diamine and APS is aminophenyl sulfone), aliphatic diamine HDA (or EDA, where HDA is hexanediamine and EDA is ethylenediamine), and TPC (where TPC is terephthalyl chloride) with different molar ratios of aromatic diamine to aliphatic diamine. The steady‐state fluorescence of these condensed copolymers was investigated. These copolyamides exhibit strong blue‐to‐green fluorescence. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 315–321, 2005
Synthesis and characterization of N‐vinyl pyrrolidone and cellulosics based functional graft copolymers for use as metal ions and iodine sorbents
Authors: Chauhan Ghanshyam S. , Singh Baljit , Kumar Suresh 
Published: July 2005

AbstractTo develop cost effective and eco friendly polymeric materials for enrichment and separation technologies, 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (N‐VP) was graft copolymerized onto cellulose, extracted from pine needles. Optimum conditions have been evaluated for the grafting of N‐VP onto cellulose and at these conditions it was also grafted onto cellulose phosphate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, and deoxyhydrazino cellulose. At the optimum grafting conditions for N‐VP, it was also cografted with maleic anhydride. Kinetics of radiochemical graft copolymerization has been studied and evaluation of the polymerization and grafting parameters as percent grafting, percent grafting efficiency, rate of polymerization, homopolymerization, and graft copolymerization have been evaluated. Graft copolymers have been characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, and swelling studies. An attempt has been made to study sorption of some metal ions such as Fe2+ and Cu2+ and iodine on select graft copolymers to investigate selectivity in metal ion sorption and iodine sorption as a function of structural aspects of the functionalized graft copolymers to find their end uses in separation and enrichment technologies. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 373–382, 2005
Anti‐bacterial and swelling properties of acrylic acid grafted and collagen/chitosan immobilized polypropylene non‐woven fabrics
Authors: Wang Chyung‐Chyung , Chen Cheng‐Chi 
Published: July 2005

AbstractThe various weight ratios of collagen/chitosan were used to immobilize the various grafted amounts of acrylic acid (AA) grafted polypropylene nonwoven fabric. For a given value of grafting percentage of AA and the immobilizing time period, the values of the immobilizing percentage of collagen/chitosan are increased with the increasing of chitosan contained in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan. The antibacterial properties are also increased with the increasing of chitosan in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan and the immobilizing percentage of collagen/chitosan. The crosslinking reaction between the AA‐grafted PP nonwoven fabrics and collagen/chitosan with glutaraldehyde are clearly sustained by examination from the spectra of the surface reflection infrared spectroscopy (IR). The values of water uptake and water diffusion coefficients are decreased with the increasing of chitosan in the mixtures of collagen/chitosan and the immobilizing percentages of collagen/chitosan at the same pH value of buffering water. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 391–400, 2005
Complete and rapid switch from light microscopy to virtual microscopy for teaching medical histology
Authors: Krippendorf Beth B. , Lough John 
Published: July 2005

AbstractDuring the interim between the 2003 and 2004 academic years, the cell and tissue biology and integrated medical neuroscience courses at the Medical College of Wisconsin made a complete and rapid switch from light microscopy‐ to virtual microscopy‐based histology laboratories. This switch was prompted by the difficulties in maintaining and the cost of replacing the college's microscopes and microscope slides, and primarily by the desire to promote and streamline learning for our large classes (n > 200) of first‐year medical students. A group of students who used the virtual microscope, another group of students who used the light microscope, and faculty with experience using both tools rated the effectiveness of the virtual microscope for learning and teaching. Also, to determine whether virtual microscopy affected student learning, laboratory examination scores for the 2004 class (n = 209) were compared with those of four previous classes that used light microscopes exclusively (n = 811). The switch from light microscopy to virtual microscopy was very favorably received by both students and faculty. More importantly, data from examination scores and course evaluation surveys indicated that use of the virtual microscope may significantly improve student performance and learning efficiency. Procedures for successfully implementing this change are described. Anat Rec (Part B: New Anat) 285B:19–25, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The case for prepatterning in the mouse
Authors: Gardner Richard L. 
Published: July 2005

AbstractIn studies from several laboratories using a variety of different techniques, features of the zygote and two‐cell conceptus have been found to map nonrandomly on the blastocyst with respect to both its axis of polarity and bilateral plane. This is not what would be expected if, as is widely believed, early patterning depends entirely on positional relationships and interactions among the progeny of blastomeres that are equipotential until at least the eight‐cell stage. Rather, the implication of these findings is that prepatterning is a normal facet of development in mammals, just as it is in most other metazoa. Nevertheless, there is still no general consensus regarding the extent to which such prepatterning depends on intrinsic organization of the oocyte, as opposed to events that are contingent on fertilization. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 75:142–150, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
5,5′‐Diamino‐2,2′‐bipyridine: A Versatile Building Block for the Synthesis of Bipyridine/Catechol Ligands That Form Homo‐ and Heteronuclear Helicates
Authors: Albrecht Markus , Janser Ingo , Lützen Arne , Hapke Marko , Fröhlich Roland , Weis Patrick 
Published: July 2005

AbstractHerein we present an improved synthesis of 5,5′‐diamino‐2,2′‐bipyridine (1) starting from the pyrrole‐protected aminopyridine 4. By standard reactions 1 can easily be transformed into the imine‐ or amide‐bridged dicatechol–bipyridine ligands L1‐H4 and L2‐H4. Whereas ligand L1 readily forms homodinuclear helicates [(L1)3Ti2]4−, the attempted formation of mono‐, tri‐, or even oligonuclear coordination compounds from this ligand did not work. However, the amide‐connected ligand L2 affords mononuclear ([(L2‐H4)PdCl2], [(L2‐H4)3Zn]2+), dinuclear ([(L2)3Ti2]4−), and heterotrinuclear coordination compounds ([(L2)3Ti2Zn]2−).
Laser Flash Photolysis Generation and Kinetic Studies of Corrole–Manganese(v)‐Oxo Intermediates
Authors: Zhang Rui , Harischandra Dilusha N. , Newcomb Martin 
Published: July 2005

AbstractCorrole–manganese(v)‐oxo intermediates were produced by laser flash photolysis of the corresponding corrole‐manganese(IV) chlorate complexes, and the kinetics of their decay reactions in CH2Cl2 and their reactions with organic reductants were studied. The corrole ligands studied were 5,10,15‐tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole (H3TPFC), 5,10,15‐triphenylcorrole (H3TPC), and 5,15‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)‐10‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)corrole (H3BPFMC). In self‐decay reactions and in reactions with substrates, the order of reactivity of (Cor)MnV(O) was TPC > BPFMC > TPFC, which is inverted from that expected based on the electron‐demand of the ligands. The rates of reactions of (Cor)MnV(O) were dependent on the concentration of the oxidant and other manganese species, with increasing concentrations of various manganese species resulting in decreasing rates of reactions, and the apparent rate constant for reaction of (TPFC)MnV(O) with triphenylamine was found to display fractional order with respect to the manganese‐oxo species. The kinetic results are consistent in part with a reaction model involving disproportionation of (Cor)MnV(O) to give (Cor)MnIV and (Cor)MnVI(O) species, the latter of which is the active oxidant. Alternatively, the results are consistent with oxidation by (Cor)MnV(O) which is reversibly sequestered in non‐reactive complexes by various manganese species.