bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filter Lifespan, Treatment Effect, and Influencing Factors of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Severe Burn Patients
Authors: Yue Qian , Wu Hong , Xi Maomao , Li Feng , Li Tiantian , Li Yinyin 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is often disrupted due to various factors, such as patient-related issues, vascular access complications, treatment plans, and medical staff factors. This unexpected interruption is referred to as non-selective filter stoppage and can result in additional treatment expenses. This study conducted a retrospectively analyzed 501 CRRT filters used in 62 patients with severe burns, lifespan and therapeutic effect of all filters were mainly analyzed, used logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with non-selective cessation filters. Out of 493 filters, 279 cases received heparin (56.60%), the median lifespan of the filter was 14.08 h (25th, 75th quantile: 7.30, 21.50); 128 cases were treated with nafamostat mesylate (26.00%), and the median lifespan of the filter was 16.42 h (10.49, 22.76); 86 cases were treated with sodium citrate (17.40%), and the median lifespan of the filter was 31.06 h (19.25, 48.75). In addition, significant differences were observed in the electrolyte index, renal function index, and procalcitonin levels before and after treatment with a single filter (P &lt; .001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk of non-selective cessation of sodium citrate anticoagulants was lower than that of heparin anticoagulation. Overall, CRRT is progressively becoming more prevalent in the treatment of patients with severe burns. The lifespan of individual filters and total patient treatment duration showed a consistent upward trend. The filter’s lifespan was notably greater during sodium citrate anticoagulation when compared to nafamostat mesylate and heparin, meanwhile notably reducing the risk of non-selective cessation. Therefore, we recommend sodium citrate for anticoagulation in patients without any contraindications.
Cancer survivorship—a framework for quality cancer care
Authors: Zebrack Bradley 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
When diagnosed with cancer or any other life-threatening condition, people must negotiate 2 once-separate but now integrated realms—a medical care industrial complex and an everyday life now lived in conscious awareness of mortality—a state of being subject to death. Life becomes a series of challenges and disruptions to relationships, body image and integrity, autonomy and independence, life goals, hopes, and dreams for the future. Whether one physically, emotionally, or spiritually survives, thrives, or succumbs to cancer is dependent on a treatment plan that accounts for the multiple and varied ways in which people experience dual citizenship in the realms of the well and the sick. A theory of cancer survivorship that integrates both medical and patient perspectives into a cogent and coherent framework has the potential to enhance the quality of cancer care and the patient experience.
“Everyone who is born holds dual citizenship in the kingdom of the well and in the kingdom of the sick.… Although we prefer to use the good passport, sooner or later each of us is obliged … to identify ourselves as citizens of that other place” (1).
Dynamical substructures of local metal-poor halo
Authors: Ye Dashuang , Du Cuihua , Shi Jianrong , Ma Jun 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Based on 4098 very metal poor (VMP) stars with six-dimensional phase-space and chemical information from Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope DR9 as tracers, we apply an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, shared nearest neighbour, to identify stellar groups in the action–energy (J–E) space. We detect seven previously known mergers in local samples, including Helmi Stream, Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), metal-weak thick disc (MWTD), Pontus, Wukong, Thamnos, and I’itoi + Sequoia + Arjuna. According to energy, we further divide GSE and Wukong into smaller parts to explore the orbital characteristics of individual fragments. Similarly, the division of Thamnos is based on action. It can be found that the apocentric distances of GSE parts of high and medium energy levels are located at $29.5\pm 3.6$ and $13.0\pm 2.7\ {\rm kpc}$, respectively, which suggests that GSE could account for breaks in the density profile of the Galactic halo at both ≈30 and 15–18 kpc. The VMP stars of MWTD move along prograde orbits with larger eccentricities than those of its more metal-rich stars, which indicates that the VMP part of MWTD may be formed by accreting with dwarf galaxies. Finally, we summarize all substructures discovered in our local VMP samples. Our results provide a reference for the formation and evolution of the inner halo of the Milky Way.
Disentangling the primordial nature of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds with CMB spectral distortions
Authors: Cyr Bryce , Kite Thomas , Chluba Jens , Hill J Colin , Jeong Donghui , Acharya Sandeep Kumar , Bolliet Boris , Patil Subodh P 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The recent detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at nanohertz frequencies by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) has sparked a flurry of interest. Beyond the standard interpretation that the progenitor is a network of supermassive black hole binaries, many exotic models have also been proposed, some of which can potentially offer a better fit to the data. We explore how the various connections between gravitational waves (GWs) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectral distortions (SDs) can be leveraged to help determine whether an SGWB was generated primordially or astrophysically. To this end, we present updated k-space window functions that can be used for distortion parameter estimation on enhancements to the primordial scalar power spectrum. These same enhancements can also source GWs directly at second order in perturbation theory, so-called scalar-induced GWs (SIGWs), and indirectly through the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). We perform a mapping of scalar power spectrum constraints into limits on the GW parameter space of SIGWs for δ-function features. We highlight that broader features in the scalar spectrum can explain the PTA results while simultaneously producing an SD within reach of future experiments. We additionally update PBH constraints from μ- and y-type SDs. Refined treatments of the distortion window functions widen existing SD constraints, and we find that a future CMB spectrometer could play a pivotal role in unravelling the origin of GWs imprinted at or below CMB anisotropy scales.
Jeans modelling of weakly flattened ellipsoidal systems
Authors: Mancino Antonio , Ciotti Luca , Pellegrini Silvia , Giannetti Federica 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
In the homoeoidal expansion, a given ellipsoidally stratified density distribution and its associated potential are expanded in the (small) density flattening parameter η, and usually truncated at the linear order. The truncated density–potential pair obeys exactly the Poisson equation, and it can be interpreted as the first-order expansion of the original ellipsoidal density–potential pair, or as a new autonomous system. In the first interpretation, in the solutions of the Jeans equations the quadratic terms in η must be discarded (‘η-linear’ solutions), while in the second (‘η-quadratic’) all terms are retained. In this work, we study the importance of the quadratic terms by using the ellipsoidal Plummer model and the Perfect Ellipsoid, which allow for fully analytical η-quadratic solutions. These solutions are then compared with those obtained numerically for the original ellipsoidal models, finding that the η-linear models already provide an excellent approximation of the numerical solutions. As an application, the η-linear Plummer model (with a central black hole) is used for the phenomenological interpretation of the dynamics of the weakly flattened and rotating globular cluster NGC 4372, confirming that this system cannot be interpreted as an isotropic rotator, a conclusion reached previously with more sophisticated studies.
Decoding the molecular complexity of the solar-type protostar NGC 1333 IRAS 4A
Authors: Quitián-Lara Heidy M , Fantuzzi Felipe , Mason Nigel J , Boechat-Roberty Heloisa M 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
The characterization of the molecular inventory of solar-type protostars is of crucial importance for a deep understanding of the chemical complexity underlying our cosmic origins. In this context, we present here the full millimetre line survey of the Class 0 protostellar object NGC 1333 IRAS 4A in the spectral bands at 3, 2, and 1.3 mm. In recognition of the powerful tool that unbiased spectral studies provide for investigating the chemistry and physics of star-forming regions, we provide a detailed description of the survey and the results of the analysis. We describe the identification of 1474 spectral lines belonging to 97 different molecular species, including complex organic molecules, which together cover the most ubiquitous chemical elements of life on Earth, namely carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulphur. The abundances obtained herein are compared with the Class 0 protostellar objects L483 and L1527, and selected molecular ratios are used as tracers of physicochemical properties of the sources. Particularly, the dominance of oxygen-bearing species and the presence of distinct excitation temperature regimes support the attribution of NGC 1333 IRAS 4A as a hot corino featuring three physical components with distinguished and diverse chemical composition.
Dust- and inclination-corrected star formation and interstellar medium scaling relations in nearby galaxies
Authors: Pastrav Bogdan A 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Following from our recent work, we present a detailed analysis of star formation and interstellar medium (ISM) scaling relations, done on a representative sample of nearby galaxies. H α images are analysed in order to derive the integrated galaxy luminosity, known as a more instantaneous and accurate star formation rate (SFR) tracer, and the required photometric and structural parameters. Dust- and inclination-corrected H α luminosities, SFRs, and related quantities are determined using a self-consistent method based on previous work prescriptions, which does not require the assumption of a dust attenuation curve and use of Balmer decrements (or other hydrogen recombination lines) to estimate the dust attenuation, with the advantage of determining dust opacities and dust masses along the way. We investigate the extent to which the dust and inclination effects bias the specific parameters of these relations, the scatter and degree of correlation, and which relations are fundamental or are just a consequence of others. Most of our results are consistent with errors with other similar studies, while others come in opposition or are inconclusive. By comparing the B-band optical and H α (star-forming) discs scale lengths, we found on average the star formation distribution to be more extended than the stellar continuum emission one (the ratio being 1.10), this difference increasing with stellar mass. Similarly, more massive galaxies have a more compact stellar emission surface density than the star formation one (average ratio of 0.77). The method proposed can be applied in larger scale studies of star formation and ISM evolution, for normal low- to intermediate-redshift galaxies.
Exploring the dependence of gas cooling and heating functions on the incident radiation field with machine learning
Authors: Robinson David , Avestruz Camille , Gnedin Nickolay Y 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Gas cooling and heating functions play a crucial role in galaxy formation. But, it is computationally expensive to exactly compute these functions in the presence of an incident radiation field. These computations can be greatly sped up by using interpolation tables of pre-computed values, at the expense of making significant and sometimes even unjustified approximations. Here, we explore the capacity of machine learning to approximate cooling and heating functions with a generalized radiation field. Specifically, we use the machine learning algorithm XGBoost to predict cooling and heating functions calculated with the photoionization code cloudy at fixed metallicity, using different combinations of photoionization rates as features. We perform a constrained quadratic fit in metallicity to enable a fair comparison with traditional interpolation methods at arbitrary metallicity. We consider the relative importance of various photoionization rates through both a principal component analysis (PCA) and calculation of SHapley Additive exPlanation (shap) values for our XGBoost models. We use feature importance information to select different subsets of rates to use in model training. Our XGBoost models outperform a traditional interpolation approach at each fixed metallicity, regardless of feature selection. At arbitrary metallicity, we are able to reduce the frequency of the largest cooling and heating function errors compared to an interpolation table. We find that the primary bottleneck to increasing accuracy lies in accurately capturing the metallicity dependence. This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning methods such as XGBoost to capture the non-linear behaviour of cooling and heating functions.
Unprecedented coexistence of autoinflammatory myositis and chronic thrombosis with heterozygotic M694V mutation: An atypical presentation of familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Bahar Furkan , Ugurlu Serdal 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disorder predominantly characterised by periodic fever, abdominal pain, and joint manifestations. It can exhibit various atypical presentations. However, cases of FMF concurrently presenting with chronic thrombosis and myositis have not been previously reported. A 41-year-old male presented with alternating severe bilateral leg pain, stiffness, and localised swellings without fever or abdominal symptoms. His history included inflammatory joint pain treated with prednisolone. Physical examination revealed leg pain, limited ankle joint movement, and tender swellings in thighs, forearms, and feet. Collateral abdominal veins were also observed. Unresponsive to prednisolone and colchicine, the patient underwent MRI, revealing muscle inflammation in both legs and thighs and chronic thrombosis in the infrarenal inferior vena cava. Genetic testing confirmed the heterozygotic M694V mutation, diagnosing an atypical FMF. This case uniquely showcases coexisting myositis and chronic thrombosis in FMF. Myalgia is common in FMF, with M694V mutation associated with severe muscular symptoms. The lack of fever and myositis findings differentiate our case from protracted febrile myalgia syndrome. FMF’s chronic inflammatory state is known to influence thrombosis risk, and our findings align with this association. Chronic thromboembolism and myositis together signify an unusual clinical presentation of FMF. This case highlights the potential for FMF to present with complex manifestations beyond the conventional symptoms. Myositis and vascular involvement should prompt consideration of FMF diagnosis when combined with patient history, clinical features, and laboratory results. These rare associations underscore the need for further research to enhance understanding of FMF’s diverse clinical spectrum.
Pathological mutations promote proteolysis of mitochondrial tRNA-specific 2-thiouridylase 1 (MTU1) via mitochondrial caseinolytic peptidase (CLPP)
Authors: Ahmad Raja Norazireen Raja , Zhang Long-Teng , Morita Rikuri , Tani Haruna , Wu Yong , Chujo Takeshi , Ogawa Akiko , Harada Ryuhei , Shigeta Yasuteru , Tomizawa Kazuhito , Wei Fan-Yan 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
MTU1 controls intramitochondrial protein synthesis by catalyzing the 2-thiouridine modification of mitochondrial transfer RNAs (mt-tRNAs). Missense mutations in the MTU1 gene are associated with life-threatening reversible infantile hepatic failure. However, the molecular pathogenesis is not well understood. Here, we investigated 17 mutations associated with this disease, and our results showed that most disease-related mutations are partial loss-of-function mutations, with three mutations being particularly severe. Mutant MTU1 is rapidly degraded by mitochondrial caseinolytic peptidase (CLPP) through a direct interaction with its chaperone protein CLPX. Notably, knockdown of CLPP significantly increased mutant MTU1 protein expression and mt-tRNA 2-thiolation, suggesting that accelerated proteolysis of mutant MTU1 plays a role in disease pathogenesis. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that disease-associated mutations may lead to abnormal intermolecular interactions, thereby impairing MTU1 enzyme activity. Finally, clinical data analysis underscores a significant correlation between patient prognosis and residual 2-thiolation levels, which is partially consistent with the AlphaMissense predictions. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of MTU1-related diseases, offering prospects for modification-based diagnostics and novel therapeutic strategies centered on targeting CLPP.
Toxin release by conditional remodelling of ParDE1 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads to gyrase inhibition
Authors: Beck Izaak N , Arrowsmith Tom J , Grobbelaar Matthew J , Bromley Elizabeth H C , Marles-Wright Jon , Blower Tim R 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is a growing threat to global health, with recent efforts towards its eradication being reversed in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Increasing resistance to gyrase-targeting second-line fluoroquinolone antibiotics indicates the necessity to develop both novel therapeutics and our understanding of M. tuberculosis growth during infection. ParDE toxin–antitoxin systems also target gyrase and are regulated in response to both host-associated and drug-induced stress during infection. Here, we present microbiological, biochemical, structural, and biophysical analyses exploring the ParDE1 and ParDE2 systems of M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The structures reveal conserved modes of toxin–antitoxin recognition, with complex-specific interactions. ParDE1 forms a novel heterohexameric ParDE complex, supported by antitoxin chains taking on two distinct folds. Curiously, ParDE1 exists in solution as a dynamic equilibrium between heterotetrameric and heterohexameric complexes. Conditional remodelling into higher order complexes can be thermally driven in vitro. Remodelling induces toxin release, tracked through concomitant inhibition and poisoning of gyrase activity. Our work aids our understanding of gyrase inhibition, allowing wider exploration of toxin–antitoxin systems as inspiration for potential therapeutic agents.
The Illiberal Global Politics of Religions and Civilizations
Authors: Bettiza Gregorio 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Religious and civilizational politics are widely recognized as powerful forces challenging key norms of the liberal international order in the twenty-first century. The chapter begins by emphasizing that religions and civilizations are not inherently illiberal phenomena incompatible with liberal principles and values. Upon clearing this conceptual ground, it turns to highlighting how resurging religious and civilizational politics are nonetheless involved in significant forms and processes of liberal contestation. On the one hand, much of the contemporary illiberal (global) politics of religion is implicated in a rejection of evolving transnational norms on gender, sexuality, and family associated with a cultural liberal script; on the other hand, the illiberal (global) politics of civilizationism mostly contests certain universalist, cosmopolitan, and globalist principles associated with liberal internationalism. While noting that the illiberal politics of religion and civilization can overlap and reinforce each other, both express an ambivalent and contextually specific attitude toward political liberalism.
Neoliberalism and Its Others
Authors: Hendrikse Reijer 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Where ongoing debates suggest that neoliberalism is ill, dying, or indeed dead—once again—this chapter sets out how the neoliberal order has increasingly morphed into its “other.” I first unpack key epochs of modern liberalism, having been built on top of each other since the nineteenth century. Although the divide between liberalism and illiberalism is anything but clear in practice, incompatibility with core liberal premises is understood as illiberal. Next, I highlight where and how neoliberalism relates to preceding liberal epochs; how neoliberalism harbors illiberal tendencies within; why it is compatible with politically illiberal regimes, and how it fuels illiberalization domestically and globally. As neoliberalism’s compatibility with its “other” becomes increasingly legible, we not only ought to revisit neoliberalism’s liberal credentials, but understand that modern liberalism has principally functioned as the core ideological ordering rationality undergirding global capitalism, with most liberal premises anything but sacrosanct across time and space.
A New Literature for a Naya Kashmir
Authors: Bazaz Abir 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The history of Kashmiri literature from the 14th to the 20th centuries was shaped by its relations with cosmopolitan literatures (in Sanskrit, Persian, and English) and the political languages of antinomian religion. It is against this background of fluid relations between the vernacular and the cosmopolitan as well as the literary and the religious that a modern Kashmiri literature emerged in the early 20th century. The author does not intend in this chapter to offer a narrative of modern Kashmiri literature but to read a moment of transition in its history in order to delimit the horizon against which it can be read. This moment of transition is the shift from progressivism to modernism in modern Kashmiri poetry. The chapter turns to the tension between progressivism and modernism in Kashmiri poetry in order to draw out the persistence of the mystical as a theme in Kashmiri literature from the 14th century to the present. It contends that modernism in Kashmiri literature is marked by a turn to the existential-political ideas of premodern Kashmiri poetry, which reverses a trend toward materiality in Kashmiri progressive poetry in the 1940s and early 1950s. It argues that this shift toward a mystical modernism was catalyzed by political despair in Kashmir after the arrest of the popular Kashmiri nationalist leader Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah in 1953. The persistence of the theme of the mystical in modern Kashmiri literature can then be understood in relation to the political upheavals that gave rise to it.
Representing Caste in Odia Literature
Authors: Kumar Raj 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
How do caste questions get documented in Odia literature? From the 8th century onward, many Odia poets and writers have addressed caste issues in their writings. Taking up Gopinath Mohanty’s Harijan and Basudev Sunani’s Padapodi, two Odia novels, this chapter proposes to study caste in Odia literature. Both novels center on questions of caste and show the violence to which Dalits have been subject in Odisha from the 20th century to the present. Both authors use the power of literature to raise the question of Dalit human rights, even as they come from different positions, with Mohanty being an outsider and Sunani bringing his own Dalit perspective. However, despite these important literary interventions, there is still more to be done to dismantle caste injustice in the region.