bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health‐related quality of life and health service use among older adults with osteoarthritis
Authors: Dominick Kelli L. , Ahern Frank M. , Gold Carol H. , Heller Debra A. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and health service use among older adults with osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsSubjects were 9,043 Medicare‐enrolled survey respondents with a prior International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code for OA. Analyses examined the relationship of 5 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HRQOL items (general health, mental health, pain, activity limitation, and sleep) to physician visits, prescription analgesic or antiinflammatory use, and arthroplasty during 1 year of followup.ResultsIn analyses controlling for demographic and health‐related variables, greater pain frequency was associated with increased odds of visiting a physician, using analgesic or antiinflammatory drugs, and having arthroplasty (P < 0.001). Poorer general health was associated with increased odds of analgesic or antiinflammatory use but decreased odds of arthroplasty (P < 0.01). More days of activity limitation and poor mental health were associated with decreased odds of analgesic or antiinflammatory use (P < 0.01).ConclusionThese HRQOL variables, especially pain frequency, can be valuable tools for estimating future health care use among older adults with OA.
Assessment of atherosclerotic risk factors and endothelial function in children and young adults with pediatric‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Soep Jennifer B. , Mietus‐Snyder Michele , Malloy Mary J. , Witztum Joseph L. , Von Scheven Emily 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize atherosclerotic risk factors and endothelial function in pediatric‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsLipoproteins, oxidized state, and autoantibodies to oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (Ox‐LDL) were assessed. Endothelial function was evaluated using brachial artery reactivity.ResultsThirty‐three SLE patients and 30 controls were studied. SLE subjects had significantly decreased mean high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (41 mg/dl versus 51 mg/dl; P = 0.002) and apolipoprotein A‐I (97 mg/dl versus 199 mg/dl; P = 0.0004). There was no difference between groups in markers of oxidized state (including nitric oxide metabolites, isoprostanes, and Ox‐LDL) or in endothelial function. However, SLE subjects had increased median anti‐Ox‐LDL IgG (2,480 relative light units [RLU] versus 1,567 RLU; P = 0.0007) and IgG immune complexes with LDL (4,222 RLU versus 2,868 RLU; P = 0.002).ConclusionPediatric SLE patients had significantly decreased levels of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A‐I and elevated titers of autoantibodies to Ox‐LDL. Despite these atherosclerotic risk factors, SLE patients had normal measures of oxidized state and endothelial function.
Spanish Arthritis Empowerment Program: A dissemination and effectiveness study
Authors: Wong Andrew L. , Harker Judith O. , Lau Victoria P. , Shatzel Sue , Port Lori H. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the Spanish Arthritis Empowerment Program as presented by the Arthritis Foundation, Southern California Chapter, in Orange County, California.MethodsParticipants with arthritis (n = 141) enrolled in the program between October 1999 and May 2001. All materials were in Spanish. Written pretest, 6‐week posttest, and 6‐month followup tests measured pain rating, self‐report joint counts, function (modified Health Assessment Questionnaire [mHAQ]), self efficacy, self‐care behavior, and arthritis knowledge.ResultsMean age was 51 years, 92% were female, 84% were born in Mexico, 55% had sixth grade education or less, and 60% had no medical insurance. Of the 141 participants, 118 completed 6‐month followup testing. Repeated‐measures analysis of variance showed significant improvement from pretest to 6‐month followup in pain (6.0 versus 3.4); self efficacy (5.5 versus 8.4), self‐care behavior (1.7 versus 4.9), arthritis knowledge (1.6 versus 4.5), and general health (2.1 versus 2.5), all at P < 0.001. Small improvement was reported in mHAQ (0.56 versus 0.50; P = 0.024).ConclusionThe Spanish Arthritis Empowerment Program was successfully disseminated. Significant improvements in self efficacy and in arthritis symptoms were maintained at the 6‐month followup.
Gap between short‐ and long‐term effects of patient education in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review
Authors: Niedermann Karin , Fransen Jaap , Knols Ruud , Uebelhart Daniel 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review educational or psychoeducational interventions for patients with rheumatoid arthritis focusing on long‐term effects, especially health status.MethodsTwo independent reviewers appraised the methodologic quality of the included randomized controlled trials, published between 1980 and July 2002.ResultsValidity scores of studies ranged from 3 to 9 (of 11). The 7 educational programs mainly improved knowledge and compliance in the short and long term, but there was no improvement in health status. All 4 psychoeducational programs improved coping behavior in the short term, 2 of them showing a positive long‐term effect on physical or psychological health variables.ConclusionMethodologically better‐designed studies had more difficulties demonstrating positive outcome results. Short‐term effects in program targets are generally observed, whereas long‐term changes in health status are not convincingly demonstrated. There is a need to find better strategies to enhance the transfer of short‐term effects into gains in health status.
Latent variable approach to the measurement of physical disability in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Escalante Agustín , Del Rincón Inmaculada , Cornell John E. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo measure physical disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using a latent variable derived from a generic and a disease‐specific self‐reported disability instrument and an observer‐assessed functional status scale.MethodsConsecutive patients with RA completed the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (M‐HAQ) and the Short Form 36 (SF‐36) physical function scale. An observer assigned a Steinbrocker functional classification. We used principal component factor analysis to extract a latent variable from the 3 scales. We used the Bayesian Information Criterion to compare how well the new latent variable and the 3 primary scales fit the criterion standards of current work status; vital status at 6 years; grip strength; walking velocity; the timed‐button test; pain; and joint tenderness, swelling, and deformity.ResultsComplete data were available for 776 RA patients. The extracted latent variable explained 75% of the variance in the 3 primary scales. On a scale of 0–100, higher scores representing less disability, its mean ± SD was 56.4 ± 22.5. Correlation between the latent variable and the M‐HAQ was −0.87; between the latent variable and SF‐36 physical function scale was 0.89, and between the latent variable and Steinbrocker class was −0.85. Multivariate models that included the latent variable had superior fit than did models containing the primary scales for the criteria of current working; death by 6 years; pain; joint tenderness, swelling, or deformity; grip strength; walking velocity; and timed button test.ConclusionA latent variable derived from the M‐HAQ, the SF‐36 physical function scale, and the Steinbrocker functional class provides a parsimonious scale to measure physical disability in RA. The fit of the latent variable to comparison standards is equivalent or superior to that of the primary scales.
Health‐related quality of life in juvenile‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus and its relationship to disease activity and damage
Authors: Ruperto Nicolino , Buratti Silvia , Duarte‐Salazar Carolina , Pistorio Angela , Reiff Andreas , Bernstein Bram , Maldonado‐Velázquez Maria Rocío , Beristain‐Manterola Rosalía , Maeno Nobuaki , Takei Syuji , Falcini Fernanda , Lepore Loredana , Spencer Charles H. , Pratsidou‐Gertsi Polixeni , Martini Alberto , Ravelli Angelo 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the health‐related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with juvenile‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and its relationship with disease activity and accumulated damage.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, HRQL was assessed using the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), disease activity using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and accumulated damage using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI).ResultsA total of 297 patients were included. The mean ± SD physical and psychosocial summary scores of the CHQ were 40.2 ± 15.0 and 44.8 ± 10.7, respectively. The most impaired CHQ subscales were global health, general health perceptions, and parent impact–emotional. The SLEDAI score was significantly correlated with both the physical summary score (r = −0.29, P < 0.0001) and psychosocial summary score (r = −0.25, P < 0.0001), whereas the SDI score was significantly correlated only with the physical summary score (r = −0.23, P = 0.0001).ConclusionWe found that patients with JSLE have significant impairment of their HRQL, particularly in the physical domain. HRQL may be affected by both disease activity and accumulated damage, particularly in the renal, central nervous, and musculoskeletal systems.
Anxiety in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: VanDyke Melanie M. , Parker Jerry C. , Smarr Karen L. , Hewett James E. , Johnson Gail E. , Slaughter James R. , Walker Sara E. 
Published: June 2004

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the level of anxiety experienced by individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsData from 2 previous studies were used to compare the level of anxiety (measured by the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory) in the following 4 subgroups: a general RA sample, a general osteoarthritis sample, a sample with both RA and major depression, and a normative sample of age‐equivalent, working adults. Canonical correlations were used to examine associations between measures of anxiety and measures of both stress and depression. The relationship between anxiety and duration of RA was also explored.ResultsThe general RA sample had state anxiety levels that were comparable to the normative sample, although trait anxiety levels were significantly higher (P < 0.001). In addition, individuals with RA who also met criteria for depression exhibited significantly higher levels of both state anxiety (P < 0.0001) and trait anxiety (P < 0.0001) than was observed in the normative sample. Canonical correlations revealed that measures of anxiety were correlated with both measures of depression (r = 0.83) and measures of stress (r = 0.50). Anxiety was not found to be significantly related to RA disease duration.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that individuals with RA, especially if concomitantly depressed, tend to exhibit levels of anxiety that are generally higher than a normative group of age‐equivalent, working adults. The substantial canonical correlations between anxiety and both depression and stress revealed that anxiety shares variance with these more frequently studied variables in RA. However, anxiety was not found to be related to RA disease duration.
Influence of topography on the Phoenix CO2 dome: a computational study
Authors: Wang Ge , Ostoja‐Starzewski Martin 
Published: May 2004

AbstractRecent measurements reveal that atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the urban core of Phoenix, Arizona, are often 200 ppmv above the surrounding areas. This increase is up to two orders of magnitude higher than comparable values in other cities. In this investigation, we examine the role of topographically induced circulation as a contributor to the CO2 dome. A three‐dimensional time‐dependent regional model shows that frequently occurring katabatic winds generate a mesoscale circulation in Phoenix conducive to the accumulation of CO2 in the center of the city. We conclude that local topography and associated circulation regimes are important in understanding the high levels of CO2 in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Copyright © 2004 Royal Meteorological Society
Prospective study of routine contrast radiology after total gastrectomy
Authors: Lamb P J , Griffin S M , Chandrashekar M V , Richardson D L , Karat D , Hayes N 
Published: June 2004

Abstract

Background
The practice of routine contrast radiology before recommencing oral nutrition after total gastrectomy is not evidence based. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical role and timing of this investigation.

Methods
Seventy-six consecutive patients underwent total gastrectomy with a stapled oesophagojejunal anastomosis. A contrast swallow using non-ionic contrast and barium was performed routinely 5 and 9 days after surgery. The surgeon was blinded to the result of the first of these examinations. Patients with clinical evidence of a leak underwent contrast radiology and upper gastrointestinal videoendoscopy.

Results
Eight patients (11 per cent) developed a clinical leak from the oesophagojejunal anastomosis, seven before the first scheduled contrast swallow. Contrast radiology identified a leak in four of six patients. Endoscopy detected a leak in both patients with a false-negative swallow and in two patients who were not fit to undergo contrast radiology. Routine contrast radiology identified a subclinical leak in a further five patients (7 per cent), none of whom developed clinical signs. Four of seven in-hospital deaths were associated with an anastomotic leak.

Conclusion
There is no role for routine contrast swallow after total gastrectomy with a stapled oesophagojejunal anastomosis, but patients with clinical suspicion of leakage should undergo urgent contrast radiology, plus endoscopy if the contrast examination is normal.
Aminoglycoside Microarrays To Explore Interactions of Antibiotics with RNAs and Proteins
Authors: Disney Matthew D. , Seeberger Peter H. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractRNA is an important target for drug discovery efforts. Several clinically used aminoglycoside antibiotics bind to bacterial rRNA and inhibit protein synthesis. Aminoglycosides, however, are losing efficacy due to their inherent toxicity and the increase in antibiotic resistance. Targeting of other RNAs is also becoming more attractive thanks to the discovery of new potential RNA drug targets through genome sequencing and biochemical efforts. Identification of new compounds that target RNA is therefore urgent, and we report here on the development of rapid screening methods to probe binding of low molecular weight ligands to proteins and RNAs. A series of aminoglycosides has been immobilized onto glass microscope slides, and binding to proteins and RNAs has been detected by fluorescence. Construction and analysis of the arrays is completed by standard DNA genechip technology. Binding of immobilized aminoglycosides to proteins that are models for study of aminoglycoside toxicity (DNA polymerase and phospholipase C), small RNA oligonucleotide mimics of aminoglycoside binding sites in the ribosome (rRNA A‐site mimics), and a large (≈400 nucleotide) group I ribozyme RNA is detected. The ability to screen large RNAs alleviates many complications associated with binding experiments that use isolated truncated regions from larger RNAs. These studies lay the foundation for rapid identification of small organic ligands from combinatorial libraries that exhibit strong and selective RNA binding while displaying decreased affinity to toxicity‐causing proteins.
Alkenyl Selenols and Selenocyanates: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization by Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and Quantum Chemical Study
Authors: Bajor Gábor , Veszprémi Tamás , Riague El Hassan , Guillemin Jean‐Claude 
Published: June 2004

AbstractVinyl, allyl, and homoallyl selenols were easily prepared by a chemoselective reduction of the corresponding selenocyanates with aluminum hydrides. Two stable vinyl and five stable allyl conformers of both series were predicted on the potential‐energy surface. The interaction of SeH or SeCN groups with the vinyl group has been investigated with UV photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, using the MP2/cc‐pVTZ and B3LYP/cc‐pVTZ levels. In the vinyl derivatives, a surprisingly strong direct conjugation of the selenium lone electron pair and the CC double bond was observed. On the other hand, in allyl position the selenium lone pair is independent on the CC double bond, and the hyperconjugation between the SeC bond and the double bond is the ruling effect. Thus is clarified the type and extent of the interaction between the SeH or SeCN group and the unsaturated moiety.
Supratentorial gangliogliomas: Histopathologic grading and tumor recurrence in 184 patients with a median follow‐up of 8 years
Authors: Luyken Cordelia , Blümcke Ingmar , Fimmers Rolf , Urbach Horst , Wiestler Otmar D. , Schramm Johannes 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDSupratentorial gangliogliomas (GGs) are rare tumors of the central nervous system and are commonly associated with chronic seizures. To date, only case reports and small series of patients with short‐term follow‐up have been available for the assessment of the potential of GGs to recur and progress.METHODSData from 184 patients who underwent resection of GGs between 1988 and 2001 were available from the University of Bonn Epilepsy Surgery Center (Bonn, Germany). Analysis of factors that influenced tumor recurrence and patient survival, such as preoperative history, age at operation, tumor location, histopathologic findings (including immunohistochemical findings), extent of tumor resection, and recurrence evaluated on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), was performed.RESULTSThe median follow‐up period was 8 years (range, 1–14 years). One hundred seventy‐eight patients (97%) presented with long‐term seizures (≥ 2 years). The median age at surgery was 26 years (range, 2–65 years). Tumor location was temporal in 79% of patients and frontal in 12% of patients. Eleven tumors (6%) were classified as World Health Organization (WHO) Grade 2 lesions, and 2 tumors were classified as anaplastic WHO Grade 3 lesions. For 38 patients (21%), postoperative MRIs revealed residual tumors. Two years after surgery, 5 patients (3%) experienced tumor recurrence, which resulted in malignant progression in 3 patients (2%) and death in 2 patients (1%). Eighty‐four percent of patients with epilepsy had complete and sustained seizure relief. The calculated 7.5‐year recurrence‐free survival rate was 97%. Lower rates of recurrence were found in patients with tumors classified as WHO Grade 1 lesions (P < 0.0001), patients with temporal lesions (P < 0.0001), patients who underwent complete tumor resection (P = 0.0278), and patients with long‐standing epilepsy (P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSSupratentorial GGs are benign tumors, and the surgical goal for patients with GG should be complete resection. Residual tumor masses, frontal tumor location, and WHO Grade 2 or 3 lesions are associated with a greater risk of recurrence or malignant progression. Patients with such characteristics should be considered for long‐term clinical follow‐up using MRI. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Tobacco use outcomes among patients with head and neck carcinoma treated for nicotine dependence
Authors: Garces Yolanda I. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Nirelli Liza M. , Croghan Gary A. , Croghan Ivana T. , Foote Robert L. , Hurt Richard D. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe current study described tobacco use outcomes among patients with head and neck carcinoma who underwent treatment for nicotine dependence at the Mayo Clinic Nicotine Dependence Center (NDC; Rochester, MN).METHODSUsing a 1:1 matched‐pair design, conditional logistic regression was employed to compare the 6‐month tobacco abstinence outcomes of patients with head and neck carcinoma (n = 101) with controls (n = 101) from the general patient population treated for nicotine dependence between 1988 and 2001. The two groups were matched with regard to age, gender, date of treatment, and type of NDC treatment service.RESULTSBaseline demographics were similar between both groups. However, patients with head and neck carcinoma smoked significantly more cigarettes per day (cpd) than controls (P = 0.003). The self‐reported tobacco abstinence rate at the 6‐month follow‐up was 33% for patients with head and neck carcinoma compared with 26% for matched controls (P = 0.279; after adjusting for baseline cpd and stage of change, P = 0.205). Among patients with head and neck carcinoma, the tobacco abstinence rates were 47%, 22%, and 19%, respectively, for those receiving an NDC consult within 3 months, between 3 months and 5 years, and > 5 years after their diagnosis (P = 0.021). Furthermore, the patients with head and neck carcinoma treated within 3 months of diagnosis who received surgery (with or without radiation therapy) were more likely to be tobacco abstinent than those who received primary radiation therapy (P = 0.042).CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggested that nicotine dependence treatments were effective among patients with head and neck carcinoma, particularly when delivered shortly after initial diagnosis and for those who received surgery as their primary treatment. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.
Pediatric gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Cypriano Monica S. , Jenkins Jesse J. , Pappo Alberto S. , Rao Bhaskar N. , Daw Najat C. 
Published: May 2004

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith the introduction of molecularly targeted therapy for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), it became important to distinguish GISTs from leiomyosarcomas (LMSs). The authors sought to characterize the clinicopathologic features of these tumors in pediatric patients.METHODSThe authors reviewed the medical records of 11 patients for whom GIST or LMS was diagnosed between March 1962 and July 2002 at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and reclassified the tumors according to current histologic and immunophenotypic criteria. The authors also reviewed the literature pertaining to pediatric GISTs and LMSs.RESULTSSeven patients had GISTs, and four had LMS. The median age of the patients at diagnosis was 11.5 years. At diagnosis, metastases were present in one patient with GISTs and in another with LMS. Unlike the focal distribution of CD117 (KIT) in LMS, diffuse and strong immunostaining was observed in GISTs. Only GISTs expressed CD34. Six patients underwent complete resection (four with GISTs and two with LMS), four patients underwent incomplete resection (three with GISTs and one with LMS), and one patient (with LMS) underwent a biopsy only. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy was used to treat one patient with GISTs and three patients with LMS. One patient with a high‐risk GIST (largest dimension of 32 cm and high mitotic count) was treated with adjuvant imatinib mesylate outside the preferred setting of a clinical trial, due to concerns regarding the high risk of tumor recurrence. Four patients with GISTs and two with LMS survived median disease‐free a median of 10.4 years and 4.3 years after diagnosis, respectively. Tumors in all but one survivor were completely resected.CONCLUSIONSKIT staining helped to distinguish GISTs from LMSs. Surgery was the treatment of choice for both entities, and tumor resectability was a key prognostic factor. Cancer 2004. © 2004 American Cancer Society.