bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excitation-time imaging condition reverse-time migration based on a physics-informed neural network traveltime calculation with wavefield decomposition using an optical flow vector
Authors: Li Jian , Du Guoning , Qin Dewen , Yin Wensun , Tan Jun , Liu Zhaolun , Song Peng 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Although the excitation-time imaging condition offers a lower memory consumption and higher computational efficiency compared to cross-correlation imaging condition, it has not been widely used in industrial applications because of the accuracy problem of traveltime calculation and the influence of low-wave-number noise. In this paper, we introduce the physics-informed neural network (PINN) algorithm to achieve a high-precision traveltime calculation of the source forward wavefield. Subsequently, we introduce a technique for high-precision wavefield decomposition of the reverse-time wavefield via the optical flow vector, enabling us to realize a correlation-weighted stacking imaging of each wavefield. Model experiments and real data processing show that the proposed traveltime calculation algorithm based on PINN offers high accuracy and good applicability in the excitation-time reverse-time migration imaging of complex models, and correlation-weighted stacking imaging based on optical flow vector-based wavefield separation can significantly suppress the noise with low wave-number and achieve high-precision imaging of complex models.
SILCC-Zoom: the dynamic balance in molecular cloud substructures
Authors: Ganguly Shashwata , Walch S , Clarke S D , Seifried D 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
How molecular clouds fragment into dense structures that eventually form stars is an open question. We investigate the relative importance of gravity (both self-gravity and tidal forces) and the volume and surface terms of kinetic, thermal, and magnetic energy for the formation and evolution of molecular clouds and their substructures based on the SILCC-Zoom simulations. These simulations follow the self-consistent formation of cold molecular clouds down to scales of 0.1 pc from the diffuse supernova-driven interstellar medium in a stratified galactic disc. We study the time evolution of seven molecular clouds (of which five are magnetized) over ∼2 Myr. Using a dendrogram, we identify hierarchical three-dimensional substructures inside the clouds with the aim of understanding their dynamics. The virial analysis shows that the dense gas is indeed dominated by the interplay of gravity and turbulence, while magnetic fields and thermal pressure are mostly important for fluffy, atomic structures. However, not all bound structures are gravitationally bound; some are held together by ram pressure aided by other surface terms. Overall, ∼36 per cent of the clouds have &gt;50 per cent of their mass in ‘potentially gravity bound’ structures. A subset of them (70 per cent) is ‘potentially bound’ by gravity on scales &gt;15 pc. A detailed tidal analysis shows that the tidal tensor is highly anisotropic. Yet the tidal forces are generally not strong enough to disrupt either large-scale or dense substructures but cause their deformation. When comparing the tidal and crossing time-scales, we find that tidal forces do not appear to be the main driver of turbulence within the molecular clouds.
General relativistic moving-mesh hydrodynamic simulations with arepo and applications to neutron star mergers
Authors: Lioutas Georgios , Bauswein Andreas , Soultanis Theodoros , Pakmor Rüdiger , Springel Volker , Röpke Friedrich K 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We implement general relativistic hydrodynamics in the moving-mesh code arepo. We also couple a solver for the Einstein field equations employing the conformal flatness approximation. The implementation is validated by evolving isolated static neutron stars using a fixed metric or a dynamical space–time. In both tests, the frequencies of the radial oscillation mode match those of independent calculations. We run the first moving-mesh simulation of a neutron star merger. The simulation includes a scheme to adaptively refine or derefine cells and thereby adjusting the local resolution dynamically. The general dynamics are in agreement with independent smoothed particle hydrodynamics and static-mesh simulations of neutron star mergers. Coarsely comparing, we find that dynamical features like the post-merger double-core structure or the quasi-radial oscillation mode persist on longer time scales, possibly reflecting a low numerical diffusivity of our method. Similarly, the post-merger gravitational wave emission shows the same features as observed in simulations with other codes. In particular, the main frequency of the post-merger phase is found to be in good agreement with independent results for the same binary system, while, in comparison, the amplitude of the post-merger gravitational wave signal falls off slower, i.e. the post-merger oscillations are less damped. The successful implementation of general relativistic hydrodynamics in the moving-mesh arepo code, including a dynamical space–time evolution, provides a fundamentally new tool to simulate general relativistic problems in astrophysics.
Massive black hole binaries as sources of low-frequency gravitational waves and X-shaped radio galaxies
Authors: Curyło Małgorzata , Bulik Tomasz 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the study of multimessenger signatures of massive black hole (MBH) binaries residing in the centres of galaxy merger remnants. In particular, we first focus on the gravitational wave background (GWB) produced by an ensemble of MBH binary inspirals in the frequency range probed by the Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) experiments. The improved estimates of the characteristic strain were obtained with the inclusion of environmental effects on the MBH binary orbital decay within the galaxy merger remnants, added in post-processing to the semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution SHARK. Secondly, we explore two, intriguing in terms of the MBH binary evolution studies, hypotheses aiming to explain the origins of X-shaped radio galaxies – a peculiar type of objects with double lobe structures, constituting approximately 6–10 per cent of known radio loud galaxies. The two considered scenarios involve either an abrupt change in the jet direction after an MBH merger (a spin-flip) or an unresolved close binary, where each of the two components produces a jet. We find that the estimated GWB amplitude at the reference frequency $f_0=1 \, {\rm yr}^{-1}$ is in the range of $A_{\rm { yr^{-1}}} = 1.20\times 10^{-15}{\!-\!}1.46\times 10^{-15}$, which is 50 per cent lower than the strain of the signal detected by the PTA experiments. We also show that the spin-flip scenario considered in gas-poor mergers reproduces the observed properties of X-shaped radio galaxies well in terms of flip angle, redshift, and luminosity distributions.
Targeted search for gravitational waves from highly spinning light compact binaries
Authors: Wang Yi-Fan , Nitz Alexander H 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Searches for gravitational waves from compact binary mergers, which to date have reported ∼100 observations, have previously ignored binaries whose components are consistent with the mass of neutron stars (1–2 M⊙) and have high dimensionless spin &gt;0.05. While previous searches targeted sources that are representative of observed neutron star binaries in the Galaxy, it is already known that neutron stars can regularly be spun up to a dimensionless spin of ∼0.4, and in principle reach up to ∼0.7 before breakup would occur. Furthermore, there may be primordial black hole binaries or exotic formation mechanisms to produce light black holes. In these cases, it is possible for the binary constituent to be spun up beyond that achievable by a neutron star. A single detection of this type of source would reveal a novel formation channel for compact binaries. To determine whether there is evidence for any such sources, we use pycbc to conduct a targeted search of LIGO and Virgo data for light compact objects with high spin. Our analysis detects previously known observations GW170817 and GW200115; however, we report no additional mergers. The most significant candidate, not previously known, is consistent with the noise distribution, and so we constrain the merger rate of spinning light binaries.
Optimal data compression for Lyman-α forest cosmology
Authors: Gerardi Francesca , Cuceu Andrei , Joachimi Benjamin , Nadathur Seshadri , Font-Ribera Andreu 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
The Lyman-α three-dimensional correlation functions have been widely used to perform cosmological inference using the baryon acoustic oscillation scale. While the traditional inference approach employs a data vector with several thousand data points, we apply near-maximal score compression down to tens of compressed data elements. We show that carefully constructed additional data beyond those linked to each inferred model parameter are required to preserve meaningful goodness of fit tests that guard against unknown systematics, and to avoid information loss due to non-linear parameter dependences. We demonstrate, on suites of realistic mocks and Data Release 16 data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, that our compression approach is lossless and unbiased, yielding a posterior that is indistinguishable from that of the traditional analysis. As an early application, we investigate the impact of a covariance matrix estimated from a limited number of mocks, which is only well conditioned in compressed space.
Spatiotemporal map of star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds using Gaia: synchronized peaks and radial shrinkage of cluster formation
Authors: Dhanush S R , Subramaniam A , Nayak Prasanta K , Subramanian S 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed view of cluster formation (CF) to trace the evolution and interaction history of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) in the last 3.5 Gyr. Using the Gaia DR3 data, we parametrized 1710 and 280 star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), where 847 and 113 clusters are newly characterized in the outer LMC and SMC, respectively. We estimated the age–extinction–metallicity–distance parameters using an automated fitting of the colour–magnitude diagram (CMD) after field star removal, followed by a Markov chain Monte Carlo technique. We report a first-time detection of two synchronized CF peaks in the MCs at 1.5 ± 0.12 Gyr and 800 ± 60 Myr. We recommend that the choice of the metallicity (Z) values of isochrones for clusters with age ≤ 1–2 Gyr are ZLMC = 0.004–0.008 and ZSMC = 0.0016–0.004 for the LMC and SMC, respectively. We found evidence for spiral arms in the LMC, as traced by the cluster count profiles over the last 3.5 Gyr. The density maps provide evidence of ram-pressure stripping in the north-east of the LMC, a severe truncation of CF in the south of the LMC, and a radial shrinkage of CF in the SMC in the last 450 Myr. The last SMC–LMC interaction (∼150 Myr) resulted in a substantial CF in the north and eastern SMC, with a marginal impact on the LMC. This study provides important insights into the CF episodes in the MCs and their connection to the LMC–SMC–MW interactions.
Growth of structures using redshift space distortion in f(T) cosmology
Authors: Briffa Rebecca , Escamilla-Rivera Celia , Levi Said Jackson , Mifsud Jurgen 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Cosmology faces a pressing challenge with the Hubble constant (H0) tension, where the locally measured rate of the Universe’s expansion does not align with predictions from the cosmic microwave background calibrated with lambda-cold dark matter model. Simultaneously, there is a growing tension involving the weighted amplitude of matter fluctuations, known as S8,0 tension. Resolving both tensions within one framework would boost confidence in any one particular model. In this work, we analyse constraints in f(T) gravity, a framework that shows promise in shedding light on cosmic evolution. We thoroughly examine prominent f(T) gravity models using a combination of data sources, including pantheon+ (SN), cosmic chronometers, baryonic acoustic oscillations, and redshift space distortion data. We use these models to derive a spectrum of H0 and S8,0 values, aiming to gauge their ability to provide insights into, and potentially address, the challenges posed by the H0 and S8,0 tensions.
The correlation function and detection of baryon acoustic oscillation peak from the spectroscopic SDSS-GalWCat galaxy cluster catalogue
Authors: Abdullah Mohamed H , Klypin Anatoly , Prada Francisco , Wilson Gillian , Ishiyama Tomoaki , Ereza Julia 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
We measure the two-point correlation function (CF) of 1357 galaxy clusters with a mass of log10M200 ≥ 13.6 h−1 M⊙ and at a redshift of z ≤ 0.125. This work differs from previous analyses in that it utilizes a spectroscopic cluster catalogue, $\tt {SDSS-GalWCat}$, to measure the CF and detect the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) signal. Unlike previous studies which use statistical techniques, we compute covariance errors directly by generating a set of 1086 galaxy cluster light-cones from the GLAM N-body simulation. Fitting the CF with a power-law model of the form ξ(s) = (s/s0)−γ, we determine the best-fitting correlation length and power-law index at three mass thresholds. We find that the correlation length increases with increasing the mass threshold while the power-law index is almost constant. For log10M200 ≥ 13.6 h−1 M⊙, we find s0 = 14.54 ± 0.87 h−1 Mpc and γ = 1.97 ± 0.11. We detect the BAO signal at s = 100 h−1 Mpc with a significance of 1.60σ. Fitting the CF with a Lambda cold dark matter model, we find $D_\mathrm{V}(z = 0.089)\mathit{r}^{\mathrm{ fid}}_\mathrm{ d}/\mathit{r}_\mathrm{ d} = 267.62 \pm 26$ h−1 Mpc, consistent with Planck 2015 cosmology. We present a set of 108 high-fidelity simulated galaxy cluster light-cones from the high-resolution Uchuu N-body simulation, employed for methodological validation. We find DV(z = 0.089)/rd = 2.666 ± 0.129, indicating that our method does not introduce any bias in the parameter estimation for this small sample of galaxy clusters.
When to use spironolactone, eplerenone or finerenone in the spectrum of cardiorenal diseases
Authors: Kobayashi Masatake , Girerd Nicolas , Zannad Faiez 
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT
Kidney disease frequently coexists with cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and this dual presence significantly amplifies the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Shared pathophysiological mechanisms and common CV risk factors contribute to the increased expression of mineralocorticoid receptors, which in turn can drive the progression of chronic CV–kidney disorders. The steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) spironolactone and eplerenone have demonstrated efficacy in improving patient outcomes in cases of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction or after a myocardial infarction, but have limited value in patients with chronic kidney disease. The non-steroidal MRA finerenone has now established itself as a foundational guideline-recommended therapy in patients with diabetic kidney disease. To date, these pharmacological agents have been developed in distinct patient populations. The consequences of their distinct pharmacological profiles necessitate further consideration. They have not undergone testing across the entire spectrum of cardiorenal scenarios, and the evidence base is currently being complemented with ongoing trials. In this review, we aim to synthesize the existing body of evidence and chart the future trajectory for the use of spironolactone, eplerenone and finerenone in improving clinical outcomes across the diverse spectrum of cardiorenal diseases. By consolidating the current state of knowledge, we seek to provide valuable insights for informed decision making in the management of patients with these complex and interconnected conditions.
An Amphibole Perspective on the Recent Magmatic Evolution of Mount St. Helens
Authors: Keller Franziska , Wanke Maren , Kueter Nico , Guillong Marcel , Bachmann Olivier 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Compositional variations of amphibole stratigraphically recovered from multiple eruptions at a given volcano have a great potential to archive long-term magmatic processes in its crustal plumbing system. Calcic amphibole is a ubiquitous yet chemically and texturally diverse mineral at Mount St. Helens (MSH), where it occurs in dacites and in co-magmatic enclaves throughout the Spirit Lake stage (last ~4000 years of eruptive history). It forms three populations with distinct geochemical trends in key major and trace elements, which are subdivided into a high-Al (11–14.5 wt% Al2O3), a medium-Al (10–12.5 wt% Al2O3), and a low-Al (7.5–10 wt% Al2O3) amphibole population.
The oldest investigated tephra record (Smith Creek period, 3900–3300 years BP) yields a bimodal amphibole distribution in which lower-crustal, high-Al amphibole cores (crystallized dominantly from basaltic andesite to andesite melts) and upper-crustal, low-Al amphibole rims (crystallized from rhyolitic melt) document occasional recharge of a shallow silicic mush by a more mafic melt from a lower-crustal reservoir. The sudden appearance of medium-Al amphiboles enriched in incompatible trace elements in eruptive periods younger than 2900 years BP is associated with a change in reservoir conditions toward hotter and drier magmas, which indicates recharge of the shallow silicic reservoir by basaltic melt enriched in incompatible elements. Deep-crystallizing, high-Al amphibole, however, appears mostly unaffected by such incompatible-element-enriched basaltic recharge, suggesting that these basalts bypass the lower crustal reservoir. This could be the result of the eastward offset position of the lower crustal reservoir relative to the upper crustal storage zone underneath the MSH edifice. Amphibole has proven to be a sensitive geochemical archive for uncovering storage conditions of magmas at MSH. In agreement with geophysical observations, storage and differentiation have occurred in two main zones: an upper crustal and lower crustal reservoir (the lower one being chemically less evolved). The upper crustal silicic reservoir, offset to the west of the lower crustal reservoir, has captured compositionally unusual mafic recharge (drier, hotter, and enriched in incompatible trace elements in comparison to the typical parental magmas in the region), resulting in an increased chemical diversity of amphiboles and their carrier intermediate magmas, in the last ~3000 years of MSH’s volcanic record.
Moderate Exercise Modulates Inflammatory Responses and Improves Survival in a Murine Model of Acute Pneumonia*
Authors: Vermeersch Veronique , Léon Karelle , Caillard Anais , Szczesnowski Amandine , Albacete Gaëlle , Marec Nadege , Tissier Florine , Gilbert Guillaume , Droguet Mickael , Marcorelles Pascale , Giroux-Metges Marie-Agnes , Huet Olivier 
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES:
An association between physical inactivity and worse outcome during infectious disease has been reported. The effect of moderate exercise preconditioning on the immune response during an acute pneumonia in a murine model was evaluated.

SETTING:
Laboratory experiments.

SUBJECTS:
C57BL6/j male mice.

INTERVENTIONS:
Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were divided in two groups: an exercise group and a control group. In the exercise group, a moderate, progressive, and standardized physical exercise was applied for 8 weeks. It consisted in a daily treadmill training lasting 60 minutes and with an intensity of 65% of the maximal theoretical oxygen uptake. Usual housing recommendation were applied in the control group during the same period. After 8 weeks, pneumonia was induced in both groups by intratracheal instillation of a fixed concentration of a Klebsiella pneumoniae (5 × 103 colony-forming unit) solution.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Mice preconditioned by physical exercise had a less sever onset of pneumonia as shown by a significant decrease of the Mouse Clinical Assessment Severity Score and had a significantly lower mortality compared with the control group (27% vs. 83%; p = 0.019). In the exercise group, we observed a significantly earlier but transient recruitment of inflammatory immune cells with a significant increase of neutrophils, CD4+ cells and interstitial macrophages counts compared with control group. Lung tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly decreased at 48 hours after pneumonia induction in the exercise group compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONS:
In our model, preconditioning by moderate physical exercise improves outcome by reducing the severity of acute pneumonia with an increased but transient activation of the innate immune response.
Urinary biomarkers of exposure to toxic and essential elements: A comparison of infants fed with human milk or formula
Authors: Pikounis Talia D. , Amann Kassaundra L. , Jackson Brian P. , Punshon Tracy , Gilbert-Diamond Diane , Korrick Susan , Karagas Margaret R. , Cottingham Kathryn L. 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Early-life exposure to nonessential (toxic) and essential trace elements can influence child development. Although infant formula powders and the water used to reconstitute them can contain higher concentrations of many elements compared with human milk, the influence of feeding mode on reliable biomarkers of infant exposure has rarely been demonstrated.

Methods:
We evaluated associations between urinary biomarkers and feeding mode (exclusively human milk, exclusively formula, or combination-fed) for four toxic (arsenic, cadmium, nickel, and uranium) and three essential elements (cobalt, molybdenum, and selenium) using general linear models.

Results:
A total of 462 participants from the rural New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study were on average 6 weeks old between July 2012 and March 2019 and had urine samples, 3-day food diaries, and relevant covariate data available. In adjusted models, urinary arsenic was 5.15 (95% confidence interval = 4.04, 6.58), molybdenum was 19.02 (14.13–25.59), and selenium was 1.51 (1.35–1.68) times higher in infants fed exclusively with formula compared with infants fed exclusively with human milk. By contrast, urinary uranium was 0.59 (0.46–0.75) and cobalt was 0.78 (0.65–0.95) times lower with formula feeding than human milk feeding.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that infant exposure to several potentially toxic elements varies by feeding mode, as concentrations of reliable urinary biomarkers were higher with formula or human milk, depending on the element. Importantly, exposure to arsenic increased with household tap water arsenic regardless of feeding mode, suggesting that all infants could be at risk in populations with high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water.