bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Statistical Analysis of Pitting in Two 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Variants
Authors: Sun Yangting , Ran Guoyong , Tu Wenrui , Jiang Yiming , Li Jin 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
The inherent variability of pitting poses challenges in accurately evaluating the pitting resistance due to potential disparities in test results. This study compares the pitting resistance of two commercial 2205 duplex stainless steels. Counterintuitively, 2205-B, despite having a higher Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number and better passive film performance, exhibited a lower Critical Pitting Temperature. Through the potentiostatic pulse test and potentiostatic polarization, it was observed that 2205-B had a greater number of pitting initiation sites. Further investigation, using SEM inclusion statistics, revealed an increased presence of inclusions rich in calcium oxides as the underlying cause of this unexpected phenomenon.
Size-dependent Effect of Titania Nanotubes on ERS to Re-establish Diabetic Macrophages Homeostasis
Authors: Yu Xiaoran , Xu Ruogu , Huang Xiaoqiong , Chen Hongcheng , Zhang Zhengchuan , Wong Iohong , Chen Zetao , Deng Feilong 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Background: As the diabetics age and the high incidence of severe periodontitis, they have inevitably enormous demands for oral implantation. However, impaired osseointegration remains an obstacle to implant success, in which the disturbed homeostasis of macrophages plays an essential role. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is reported as a crucial factor leading to the macrophages homeostasis disequilibrium in diabetes, which might be modulated by the implant surface morphology. Establishing titania nanotubes (TNTs) might be an effective strategy to enhance diabetic osseointegration. However, a consensus has not been achieved on the tube size-dependent effect and underlying mechanism of TNTs on diabetic macrophage ERS.
Methods: TNTs with small (30 nm) and large diameters (100 nm) were fabricated. The biological alterations and ERS regulation of diabetic macrophages on different titanium surface, as well as the role of Ca2+ homeostasis, are observed in this study
Results: TNTs were demonstrated to alleviate the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and ERS in diabetic macrophages, furthermore, TNT30 was superior to TNT100. A similar trend was also observed in the in vivo evaluation of macrophage phenotype and osseointegration. When ERS was inhibited, the positive effect of TNT30 vanished. Mechanistically, topography-induced extracellular Ca2+ influx might mitigate excessive ERS in macrophages by alleviating ER Ca2+ depletion and IP3R activation, evidenced by the disappearance of mitigative effect on ERS when exposed to IP3R agonist. Furthermore, TNT30 attenuated peri-implant inflammatory response and promoted osseointegration in diabetic rats.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that TNTs with small nanodiameters could re-establish macrophage hemostasis for osseointegration by attenuating ERS, which might be related to the inhibition of ER Ca2+ depletion by topography-induced Ca2+ influx with IP3R involved, shedding light on the tube size-choice decisions and nanotube topology manufacturing.
Social Planner’s Carbon Tax Problem Revisited: A New Mathematical Approach
Authors: YURTSEVEN ÇAĞLAR , Öğüt Kaan İrfan 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
In its shortest form, a carbon tax is a tax on energy sources which emit carbon dioxide. The increasing importance of carbon tax after the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) debate at the global level makes us to revisit carbon tax modelling. In this paper, after a careful observation of the literature and the recent techniques in related modelling, we construct a lifetime utility maximizer social planner model. In order to analyze the effects of a carbon tax on \(C{O}_{2}\) emissions of firms, we also consider short-run preferences of firms about energy demand with recursive short run profit maximization. We establish substitutional relationships between labor and capital, as well as between renewable and nonrenewable energy sources, using the CES – Cobb Douglas mixed production function. Our primary contribution to related research is that our mixed production function allows us to characterize the complementary interaction between different energy kinds and production factors in a dynamic setting, provided that the appropriate parameters are set. Additionally, we consider the amount of time needed for a renewable energy source to significantly outperform non-renewable energy sources and establish the time-dependent input elasticity of output.
Does malreduction of the sacroiliac joint affect the clinical outcomes in unstable pelvic ring injuries after internal fixation? : a case control study
Authors: Liu Chun-gui , Li Dong-yang , Li Da-shuang , Zhuang Yan , Zhang Kun , Wang Hu 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the effects with malreduction of the sacroiliac joint on the clinical outcomes in unstable pelvic ring injuries after internal fixation.
Methods: A retrospective analysis the data of patients with unstable pelvic ring injury after internal fixation from February 2016 to December 2019, all patients with disruption of the sacroiliac joint. All patients were grouped according to the maximum residual displacement of the sacroiliac joint（d）after operation. According to the post- operative CT, d≤5mm were classified as anatomical reduction group, and d＞5mm were classified as malreduction reduction group. The Majeed pelvic fracture scoring system was used to evaluate the postoperative functional outcomes, and the Visual Analog Scale was used to evaluate the postoperative pain. Re-displacement of the sacroiliac joint, or loosening and breakage of the internal plants, or re-displacement of the fracture were defined as the failure of internal fixation.
Results: A total of 86 patients were included in this study, including 48 males and 38 females. According the measurement of postoperative CT, there were 36 cases with the sacroiliac joint anatomical reduction and 50 cases with the malreduction. The excellent and good rate of Majeed score, anatomical reduction group was more than malreduction group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=13.242, P <0.05). VAS score with anatomical reduction group was less than malreduction group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=13.285, P <0.05). The failure rate in the anatomical reduction group was lower than the malreduction group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.129, P＜0.05).
Conclusion: Reduction and internal fixation of pelvic fractures with involving sacroiliac joint disruption, the functional outcomes with malreduction of sacroiliac joint is significantly worse than anatomical reduction. The malreduction group has a higher failure rate of internal fixation.
Trial registration: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and retrospectively registered on Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University (identification number: 202306002).
Method Development and Validation of Lercanidipine in Human Plasma by Using LC-Ms/MS and Comparison of PK Parameters of Lercanidipine and Its Enantiomer
Authors: D UmaMaheshwari , JAYAPRAKASH J 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
An improved and reliable Liquid Chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of lercanidipine in human plasma. Plasma samples with lercanidipine-d3 as an internal standard (IS) were prepared by solid phase extraction on Lercanidipine in human plasma by using LC-MS/MS with Symmetry C18 (75 x 4.6 mm, 3.5 µ) column. The developed method was extended to bio-equivalence studies, in which pharmacokinetic parameters like Concentration time profiles, Cmax, AUC0 − t, AUC0−α, Tmax, T1/2, Kel, for lercanidipine was estimated. Statistical methods are used to analyze the log-transformed pharmacokinetic parameters AUC0 − t, AUC0−α and Cmax for bioequivalence of each of these parameters. Statistical analysis will be performed using WinNonlin Software, Matrix effect was assessed by post-column infusion, post-extraction spiking and standard-line slope methods. The analyte and IS's mean extraction recovery was > 94%. Five quality controls had an average accuracy (% CV) of 5.8% between batches and among batches. The results obtained for recemic and enantiomers lercanidipine were under the acceptance criteria It shows that both studies of lercanidipine under similar conditions and there is no any in vivo conversion of enantiomers. The presences of the R-enantiomer and S-lercanidipine concentration were similar then the presence of R-enantiomer spares the S-lercanidipine (eutomer) from first-pass metabolism and decision to develop the recemic form of lercanidipine.
Graphene Episulfide : Covalent Sulfur Addition to Graphene Surfaces
Authors: Martel Richard , Sprocq Simon , Hadad Elie , Schue Leonard , Amine-Mezour Mohammed , Levesque Pierre , Nascimento Rafaella , Dolle Mickael , Rochefort Alain 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
Graphene surfaces require chemical functionalization before it can be processed into graphene-based materials or used in device applications. Covalent addition reactions on graphene have been developed to build robust interfaces, but the chemistry at play builds on strategies involving either harsh oxidation or free radical attack, which generally offers poor control over reactivity and yields low coverage of grafts at the surface. Covalent addition of sulfur atoms onto the surface of graphene is here presented as an alternative strategy. Graphene episulfide is synthesized via a gas phase reaction in moderate conditions of temperature by a catalyst and solvent free protocol. Using Raman and photoemission spectroscopies, we demonstrate the presence of covalent bonds between sulfur atoms and graphene. By comparing the experimental results with ab-initio calculations of the vibrational and electronic states of models of graphene episulfide, a new interface mainly composed of sulfur bridges is proposed. The conditions to reach stoeichiometric ratios with sulfur approaching the theoretical limit is presented.
“When selling anything to an audience, visible publicity is key:” experiences, barriers, and enablers to participation in a COVID-19 study in Malawi.
Authors: Md Vanessa , Nyirenda Deborah , Mpinganjira Samuel , Mwapasa Victor , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background
Many studies in infectious struggle to recruit participants. The SARS-CoV-2 infection, transmission dynamics, and household impact in Malawi (SCATHIM) study in Malawi noted a refusal rate of 57.2%. Adequate publicity can lead to more people participating in studies. This study explored reasons for participating in the SCATHIM study.
Methods
A descriptive qualitative study informed by the Theory of Reasoned Action was conducted in Blantyre between January 2022 to March 2022 to assess factors associated with participating in a COVID-19 study among 10 index cases, 10 caregivers, 10 study decliners, and 5 research staff. Data were collected using in-depth interview guides, audio recorded, transcribed, managed using NVIVO and analysed following a thematic approach.
Results
The factors that motivated participation in the study included one’s knowledge on COVID-19, potential access to medical services including free COVID-19 tests for members of the household, financial reimbursements, and zeal to contribute to scientific knowledge. The barriers to participation included minimal publicity of the study amidst a novel condition, perceived stigma and discrimination, perceived invasion of privacy, discomfort with the testing procedures and suboptimal financial reimbursements.
Conclusion
Effective publicity and outreach strategies have the potential in decreasing the refusal rates in study participation especially if a condition is novel. Studies on infectious diseases should address stigma and discrimination to promote participation and ensure participant safety.
Temperature insensitive curvature sensor based on hollow-core fiber assisted microbubble Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Chen Mingyang , Su Xinqi , Gong Tianyi , Liang Hu , Dai Zijie , Liang Ying 
Published: November 2023

Abstract
A compact fiber-optical curvature sensor based on the hollow-core fiber (HCF) assisted microbubble Mach-Zehnder interferometer (HMZI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Transmission spectral characteristics of the proposed curvature sensor have been investigated with a maximum intensity-interrogated sensitivity of -1.48 dB/m− 1 in a curvature range from 1.22 m− 1 to 3.46 m− 1. The temperature-induced instability is measured below 0.30 dB in a large temperature range of 35°C to 60°C, suggesting a good temperature resistance performance. The overall sensing size is controlled to be around 600 µm. Hence, the HMZI curvature sensor has several desirable merits such as wide measurement range, temperature insensitivity, and ease of integration, which make it a promising candidate in curvature-related mechanical engineering and structural health monitoring applications.
Deep Learning-based approach to classify pneumonia on chest radiographs
Authors: Hernandez-Trinidad Aron , Perez-Olivas Huetzin A. , Murillo-Ortiz Blanca O. , Guzman-Cabrera Rafael , Cordova-Fraga Teodoro 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

The diagnosis of pneumonia by X-rays is a widespread practice in the early detection of the disease and initiation of timely treatment. Automatic classification models using convolutional neural networks (CNN) have proven to be an effective and accurate tool in the diagnosis of this disease. A model that detects pneumonia in a set of chest X-rays, using two CNNs: ResNet50 & VGG16 is proposed in this work. The method consists of preprocessing and classifying the set of radiographs available in the Kaggle repository that contains 2,224 records classified by an expert and segmented into two divisions: training set (1,600 images with 800 normal and 800 pneumonia) and test set (624 images with 234 normal and 390 pneumonia). This model achieves 97% accuracy by classifying the set of chest images into two categories: normal and pneumonia. The performance of the automatic classification scenario is robust and proves to be effective in the classification of chest X-rays to detect pneumonia.
Flexural Properties of Aluminum Middle-Trabecular Beetle Elytron Plates with a Large Height-to-Thickness Ratio Core
Authors: Song Yiheng , Xu Yuan , Chen Jinxiang , Hao Ning , Yin Jian 
Published: November 2023

Abstract

To elucidate the flexural mechanical properties of aluminum beetle elytron plates with a large height-to-thickness ratio core, this study, based on experimentally validated consistency, employs the finite element method to investigate the flexural performance of the aluminum middle-trabecular beetle elytron plates (MBEPaN) with varying numbers of trabeculae N. The bending resistance mechanisms are examined from the perspectives of deformation modes and stress distribution visualizations. The results indicate the following: (1) MBEPa2 exhibits a distinctive slight upward plateau stage on the load-displacement curve, surpassing the bending mechanical performance of MBEPa6. (2) The characteristics of MBEPaN’s flexural performance are comprehensively explored by examining the macroscopic deformation extent of mid-span of each sandwich plate, the presence of trabeculae in the symmetrical plane of the honeycomb unit, as well as their deformation and stress distribution. Weak bending resistance is observed near the upper plate of the first honeycomb wall in MBEPa4 and HPa, where small C-shaped deformations occur. (3) In MBEPa2, only the first trabecula experiences localized buckling deformation near the plate, resulting in a slight upward plateau stage due to the synergistic effect of adjacent honeycomb walls. Conversely, the trabeculae in MBEPa6 exhibit a trumpet-shaped deformation that gradually flattens towards the bottom. Thus, this investigation unveils the previously unknown characteristics of the flexural performance of MBEP, a highly ductile material with a large height-to-thickness ratio, considering different numbers and distributions of trabeculae. These findings lay a solid foundation for the wider engineering application of beetle elytron plates.
TRILHAS POTIGUARES: EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA NA PERSPECTIVA DA ECOLOGIA DE SABERES
Authors: Mendes de Araújo Isabelle Maria 
Published: November 2023

A convergência para ações comuns pactuadas em diferentes realidades locais nas quais o Programa Trilhas Potiguares vêm atuando ao longo dos anos, parece ser um desafio e um estímulo para os fazeres da Extensão Universitária, a perspectiva da ecologia de saberes nos convida a mediar a comunicação entre diferentes saberes, transformando-os em ações significativas na/com as comunidades. Nesse sentido, o presente relato de experiência objetiva traçar um diálogo com base ético-teórica na educação popular e na ecologia de saberes, além de sistematizar vivências construídas no Trilhas-2022 no município de Poço Branco/RN. Mediante protagonismo discente, diversas oficinas e atividades foram desenvolvidas, pautadas na partilha de saberes, aprendizagens coletivas e experiências pulsantes in loco, palco da ecologia de saberes.
Review on the Recent Development of Vehicle Seat Patent
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Liu Bingcheng , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2023

Background:
Seat is an important product in work and life, the rationality of its design
directly affects people's work efficiency and physical and mental health. Especially in modern vehicles, it has become an inevitable trend to use ergonomics to design the seat of modern vehicles.
This paper describes the recent research and development of seat patents based on ergonomics and
tries to put forward improvement schemes for the disadvantages of existing vehicle seats.

Objective:
We summarized the technical contributions made by the existing vehicle seat patent
achievements and summarize the existing problems or blank areas not reported. Through the
comparison and discussion, the future research direction of the vehicle seat is predicted.

Methods:
Through tracing the patent varieties of different types of representative seats, the analysis and comparison are carried out from various angles.

Results:
According to the analysis of recent seat patents, the design of modern seats has gradually
formed a scientific, systematic, and standardized system.

Conclusion:
The structural parameters and materials of seats have been closely combined with
the safety and comfort of seats. With the development of science and technology and the innovation of theory, the seats of modern vehicles will develop in the direction of functionality and personalization.
Detección de fuga de Radón en cerámicas sólidas utilizando conteo alfa
Authors: Petrick C. Susana , López Carranza Ernesto 
Published: November 2023

Para calcular la edad de una cerámica por termoluminiscencia, se requiere medir la dosisradioactiva natural que la cerámica absorba cada año. Dicha dosis radioactiva natural proviene de los núcleos radioactivos, que se encuentran como impurezas en el suelo en el que estuvo enterrada la cerámica y en la cerámica misma, siendo el U-238, el Th-232 y el K-40 los isótopos radioactivos responsables por casi la totalidad de la dosis natural.
La series radioactivas de decaimiento de dichos isótopos estarán en equilibrio secular siempre que no se produzca una separación fisica o química de los isótopos formados, y no se incrementen ni renueva ninguno de los núcleos radioactivos que forman la serie decaimiento, que terminan cuando se produce un núcleo estable de Pb. En algunos casos sin embargo, los miembros de las series pueden estar sujetos a procesos fisicos y químicos de separación que interrumpan las cadenas de decaimiento debido a las condiciones ambientales donde se produce el proceso de decaimiento. Una causa natural común de interrupción de la cadena de decaimiento del U-238, U-235 Y Th-232.
En éste trabajo discutimos el mecanismo responsable por la emanación de radón observada en cerámicas y suelos, y probamos un método simple para detectar y cuantificar el fenómeno y determinar la corrección en el cálculo de la dosis anual calculada por conteo alfa. El método untiliza una celda de bronce y na rutina de conteo adecuada que podrían ser utilizadas también para determinar emenaciones de radón en materiales de construcci´ón como ladrillos y cemento.
Mobile App for Gynecologic Cancer Support for Patients With Gynecologic Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy in China: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lin Huicong , Ye Mingzhu , Lin Yanjuan , Chen Fuhong , Chan Sally , Cai Hongxia , Zhu Jiemin 
Published: November 2023

Background
Patients with gynecologic cancer receiving chemotherapy often report unmet supportive care needs. Compared with traditional face-to-face clinical interventions, mobile health can increase access to supportive care and may address patients’ needs. Although app-based support programs have been developed to support patients with gynecologic cancer, their efficacy has not been adequately tested.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of a mobile app for gynecologic cancer support (MGCS) for patients with gynecologic cancer receiving chemotherapy in China.

Methods
A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2 university-affiliated hospitals in China. A total of 168 Chinese patients with gynecologic cancer were recruited and randomized to receive routine care or MGCS program plus routine care for 24 weeks. The Mishel uncertainty in illness theory guided the development of MGCS program, which has 4 modules: weekly topics, emotional care, discussion center, and health consultation. The primary outcome of this program was the assessment of the uncertainty in illness. The secondary outcomes were quality of life, symptom distress, and social support. All health outcomes were evaluated at baseline (T0), 12 weeks (T1), and 24 weeks (T2). Repeated measures analysis of covariance was used to assess the efficacy of the MGCS program.

Results
In this trial, 67 patients in the control group and 69 patients in the intervention group completed 2 follow-up assessments (response rate, 136/168, 81%). At 12 weeks, no significant differences were observed in any of the health outcomes between the 2 groups. At 24 weeks, compared to patients in the control group, those in the intervention group reported significant decreased uncertainty in illness (P<.001; d=–0.60; adjusted mean difference –7.69, 95% CI –11.31 to –4.07) and improved quality of life (P=.04; d=0.30; adjusted mean difference 4.77, 95% CI 0.12-9.41).

Conclusions
The MGCS program demonstrated efficacy in supporting patients with gynecologic cancer receiving chemotherapy. This trial illustrates that an app-based program can be incorporated into routine care to support patients with cancer and suggests that allocation of more resources (grants, manpower, etc) to mobile health in clinics is warranted.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000033678; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=54807