bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspension of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) as an intraoperative wound irrigation to prevent infection after fracture fixation
Authors: Phatama Krisna Yuarno , Dradjat Respati S. , Mustamsir Edi , Nurhidayati Dwi Yuni , Santosaningsih Dewi , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Hidayat Mohamad 
Published: September 2023

Background: Infection after fracture fixation (IAFF) associated with an implant in orthopaedic surgery is a feared complication, leading to non-union, loss of function, amputation, and even mortality and morbidity to the patient. A biofilm formation on the implant surface increases the difficulty of treatment. Therefore, surgical infection prevention with an effective antiseptic solution is required. This study aims to reveal more about the antibacterial effect of ZnO-NP suspension, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and its biofilm, in preventing surgical infection. Method: An in vitro experimental study with a posttest-only control group design was used to see the antimicrobial activity and inhibitory effect of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation between a 20% zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NP) suspension (20 mg/mL) compared to 0.3% povidone-iodine solution. The statistical result was tested using an independent t-test antibacterial activity. Meanwhile biofilm identification was evaluated using Mann-Whitney & Kruskal Wallis test for each group. Result: 20% ZnO-NP suspension has a minimum inhibitory concentration at 4 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration at 16 μg/mL, same as 0.3% povidone-iodine administration and its statistically significant (p-value 0.001). Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration was seen at a concentration of 20% ZnO-NP suspension of 2 μg, while at higher doses, it showed lysis of bacterial cells. Conclusion: 20% ZnO-NP suspension is a promising solution for preventing surgical infection due to its antibacterial and antibiofilm effects.
Establishment and implementation of a regional mucosal training program to facilitate multi-center collaboration in basic and clinical research in Eastern Africa
Authors: Omosa-Manyonyi Gloria Susan , Langat Robert , Farah Bashir , Mutisya Elizabeth , Ogutu Hilda , Nyange Jacquelyn , Indangasi Jackton , Ombati Geoffrey , Bergin Philip , Park Harriet , Ochiel Daniel , Chinyenze Kundai , Gilmour Jill , Anzala Omu 
Published: September 2023

Background: The recent outbreaks of novel endemic and pandemic diseases have highlighted the importance of collaborative networks in rapid response to emerging pathogens. Over the last two decades International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), with the support of United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and other international donors, has invested in research capacity and infrastructure in Africa. A significant portion of this support has facilitated establishing regional centers of excellence for African scientists to develop and lead a collaborative research agenda, implemented within the IAVI-led Accelerate the Development of Vaccines and New Technologies to Combat the AIDS Epidemic (ADVANCE) program. One such regional center is the University of Nairobi’s Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative-Institute of Clinical Research (KAVI-ICR). Objective: We designed and implemented a development program to foster inter-institutional South-South technology transfer within Africa, and address a capacity gap in mucosal research. Methods: KAVI-ICR and IAVI developed standardized mucosal sample collection, processing and technical assay methods; these were subsequently applied into several observational studies, and Phase I HIV vaccines, Varicella zoster virus vaccine, and broadly neutralizing antibodies clinical trials at KAVI-ICR. Thereafter, KAVI-ICR facilitated the technology transfer of the methods, by training staff at regional establishments in Africa. Results: Twelve standardized methodologies were developed for the collection, processing and storage of 10 mucosal sample types. Subsequently, eight regional research centers received training for a variety of clinical and laboratory methodologies; the centers later applied the techniques in follow-up collaborative research. Additionally, the training fostered collaboration while allowing the development of local networks of research groups. Conclusion: By such South-South initiatives, supported by international donors, the development of regional capacity and expertise is realizable. The established expertise can be leveraged when needed, and builds the capability for African scientists to engage at an international level, actively participating in driving internationally relevant research.
Features of the state of the neuroendocrine-immune complex and electrolyte-nitrogenous exchange under different variations of uric acid metabolism in female rats
Authors: Bombushkar Igor 
Published: September 2023

Background. This article concludes the experimental part of the project "Physiological activity of uric acid". Our group previously identified 4 variants-clusters of uricemia and uricosuria both in rats and in humans. It was shown that the clusters differ from each other in the constellation of immune, autonomic and endocrine parameters as well as plasma and urine electrolytes and nitrogenous parameters, which to one degree or another correlate with uricemia and uricosuria. Because the autonomic, endocrine and immune parameters interact with each other within the neuro-endocrine-immune complex, the purpose of this study is to find out exactly which parameters of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex reflect the specificity of quantitative and qualitative clusters of uric acid metabolism. Materials and Methods. Experiment was performed on 60 healthy female Wistar rats 220-300 g. The plasma and urine levels of the uric acid, urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphates, chloride, magnesium, sodium and potassium (also in erythrocytes) as well as glucose (in plasma only) were determined. The parameters of the autonomic, endocrine and immune systems were registered. Results. 30 parameters of the neuroendocrine-immune complex and metabolism were identified, which collectively reflect the specificity of quantitative and qualitative clusters of uric acid metabolism. In addition to, by definition, uricemia and uricosuria, they represent markers of vagal tone, sympatho-vagal balance, androgenic, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid functions of the adrenal cortex as well as parathyroid activity; exchange of electrolytes (excretion with urine of sodium, calcium and phosphates, plasma levels of sodium, magnesium, chloride, phosphates and potassium and the latter in erythrocytes) and nitrogenous metabolites (creatininuria and plasma urea); as well as immunity parameters (the percentage of lymphoblasts, plasma cells and macrophages in the thymocytogram, the mass of the spleen, the entropy of the splenocytogram and the percentage of macrophages and microphages in it, the percentage of Th-, B- and 0-lymphocytes in the blood immunocytogram as well as blood level of leukocytes in general). Conclusion. The quantitative and qualitative clusters of uric acid metabolism are accompanied by specific constellations of parameters of the neuro-endocrine-immune complex and the electrolytes and nitrogenous compounds.
The impact of different types of anaesthesia on the course of tonsillectomy surgery
Authors: Kolesnichenko V. 
Published: September 2023

Recurrent tonsillitis is considered to be one of the most common ENT diseases. Tonsillectomy as a method of recurrent tonsillitis' treatment is being performed as usual as 20% of all surgeries in ENT departments. The critical criteria for the success of tonsillectomy for the surgeon are the frequency of perioperative complications, long-term results of treatment, and the patient's recovery time. For the patient, those criteria are the severity of pain, psychoemotional stress, the time spent in the hospital, and how quickly he can return to his daily life routine. The factors that significantly affect the outcome of tonsillectomy are the choice of anaesthetic management.
Our study aimed to optimise the approach to choosing between endotracheal anaesthesia and local anaesthesia. Clinical studies were made among 158 patients with recurrent tonsillitis who underwent a bilateral tonsillectomy. The patients were divided into two groups.
The first group consisted of 97 patients undergoing tonsillectomy using local anaesthesia. The control group included 61 patients undergoing tonsillectomy using endotracheal anaesthesia. We considered the factors such as duration of surgery, the amount of blood loss, intraoperative events, number of incidents of primary and secondary bleeding, assessment of pain syndrome, necessity of analgesics administration, length of hospital stay, and recovery period.
Conclusions: tonsillectomy surgery using local anaesthesia requires less time to perform, has less blood loss, fewer intraoperative events, and fewer incidents of primary and secondary bleeding. The average level of pain is higher in patients using endotracheal anaesthesia.
Analysis and correction of diets of overweight and obese women
Authors: Babienko Volodymyr , Shanyhin Anton , Rozhnova Anastasiia , Korkhova Arina 
Published: September 2023

The proposed study is important and relevant in view of the increasing level of obesity in the world. Preventive interventions are important to reduce long-term health care costs and improve overall population health as health care systems struggle with the financial burden of obesity-related diseases.
Hypodynamia and obesity act as predictors of the development of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. It is worth noting that the level of vitamin D in blood serum affects the development of the risk factors listed above. Research results demonstrate an inverse relationship between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in blood serum and the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance.
As part of a prospective randomized controlled trial, 106 women aged 19 to 68 years (mean age 43.66±5.02 years) who had a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher were examined. Measures (weight, body mass index, 25(OH)D) were assessed at the start of the study and every four weeks to monitor development and dietary compliance for 6 months. After six months of individual dietary adjustments, body weight and BMI were significantly reduced. Participants reduced their weight on average by 7.13±0.78 kg and 2.53±0.19 kg/m2 (p<0.001). Individualized dietary adjustments resulted in significant weight loss, highlighting the value of individualized dietary interventions for effective weight management. A link between excess body weight and vitamin D deficiency has been established.
Konfrontacja różnych pamięci w przestrzeni scenicznej na przykładzie spektakli biograficznych z Teatru Śląskiego (Leni Riefenstahl. Epizody niepamięci i What the heil?!)
Authors: Popczyk-Szczęsna Beata 
Published: September 2023

CONFRONTING DIVERSE MEMORIES ON STAGE: BIOGRAPHICAL PLAY AT THE SILESIAN THEATRE IN KATOWICE (LENI RIEFENSTAHL. EPIZODY NIEPAMIĘCI AND WHAT THE HEIL?!)
In recent Polish theater, numerous projects have drawn inspiration from biographies. These practices not only reflect the prevailing biographical trend in culture but also indicate that theater serves as a “memory machine,” playing a socially important role in establishing connections between the past and the present. Drawing on the examples of two plays staged at the Silesian Theatre in Katowice, namely Leni Riefenstahl. Epizody niepamięci [Leni Riefenstahl. Episodes of Non-memory] (2016) and What the heil?! (2022), and employing the concepts of cultural memory (A. Assmann, J. Assmann), postmemory (M. Hirsch) and multidirectional memory (M. Rothberg), this study examines the conventions employed in r e c o n s t r u c t i n g t h e p a s t wi t h i n t h e th e at r i c a l spa c e . Furthermore, it delves into t h e dynami c s o f va r i - o u s f o rms o f memo r y (e.g. cultural memory, communicative memory, individual memory) in theatrical representation.
Multivariate Almost Stochastic Dominance: Transfer Characterizations and Sufficient Conditions Under Dependence Uncertainty
Authors: Müller Alfred , Scarsini Marco , Tsetlin Ilia , Winkler Robert L. 
Published: September 2023

Decision with Several Objectives Under Uncertainty Important decisions typically involve multiple objectives and uncertainty. Assessing both multivariate utility and multivariate distributions for the attributes can be challenging. Moreover, big decisions are usually made by boards or committees with members holding divergent views and preferences and facing pressures from different stakeholders. Thus, a full-blown traditional decision analysis that leads to the computation of expected utility is very difficult at best and often not possible. In “Multivariate Almost Stochastic Dominance: Transfer Characterizations and Sufficient Conditions Under Dependence Uncertainty” Müller, Scarsini, Tsetlin, and Winkler develop sufficient conditions for multivariate almost stochastic dominance based on marginal distributions of the attributes or just on their means and variances. Such tools, consistent with normative decision analysis, are useful when making important decisions in today’s fast-moving and often complex world.
Making Time for Social Innovation: How to Interweave Clock Time and Event Time in Open Social Innovation to Nurture Idea Generation and Social Impact
Authors: Fayard Anne-Laure 
Published: September 2023

With the growing complexity of social and environmental issues, there has been a blossoming of hackathons and open innovation challenges. This push to accelerate innovation embraces a perspective of time as clock time—conceived as objective, linear, measurable, and therefore, rather easy to compress. Such a view of time conflicts with the emergent nature of idea generation and the indeterminate process that leads to social impact, which both rely on event time. Drawing on a 40-month ethnographic study of OpenIDEO, an open social innovation platform, I examine how, in designing open innovation challenges, the OpenIDEO team interwove clock time and event time in order to foster idea generation and support social impact. Through inductive analysis, I identify three practices—mapping, stretching, and squeezing time—enacted by the OpenIDEO team to “make time” and thus, continuously engage participants and sponsors in the challenges as well as to allow participants to implement their ideas. My findings demonstrate how organizations can intentionally use time to nurture collaborative innovation and yield sustainable social impact. My study questions the traditional interpretation of clock time as the foundation of all temporalities as it shows how temporal work can be grounded within event time. Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [NSF VOSS Grant 1122381]. The research was partially funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 951735.
‘Getting old is not all bingo and knitting’. An exploration of positive ageing and occupational participation through engagement with community leisure activities: a qualitative study
Authors: Lowe Julie-Anne , Collins Tracy , Sallis Pasna 
Published: September 2023

Background/Aims Loneliness and social isolation have a negative impact on the health and wellbeing of older adults. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of a group of older adults involved in a range of occupational-focused leisure activities provided by the Weekday Wow Factor, a small social enterprise led by an occupational therapist to understand their perceptions of positive ageing and occupational participation. Methods This small-scale qualitative research project explored the experiences of participants attending a weekly daytime disco that took place in a city centre nightclub. Participants also engaged in a number of other activities offered by the Weekday Wow Factor and discussed these during the focus groups. A total of 26 participants took part in four focus groups, with topics for discussion being informed by the 4D cycle of appreciative enquiry: discovery, dream, design and destiny. Results Three overarching themes with sub-themes were found: mental wellbeing with sub-themes of social isolation, occupational participation and health promotion; inclusivity with sub-themes of positive ageing and community; and engagement with sub-themes of environment, occupational flow and occupational justice. Conclusions Activities that facilitated friendship, a feeling of usefulness and belonging to a community were valued by participants, along with a sense of adventure from a range of activities that are not traditionally associated with older people. These activities need to be easily accessible to the community with implications for public transport and the social prescribing agenda. Occupational justice is important to the provision of community-based resources for older people to promote healthy and active ageing, which contributes to wellbeing.
High-speed adaptive photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Li Linyang , Qin Wei , Li Tingting , Zhang Junning , Li Baochen , Xi Lei 
Published: September 2023

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) is capable of observing the distribution of optical absorbers inside bio-tissues with a high spatial resolution of micrometers. Unfortunately, due to the employment of a tight optical focus, it suffers from a limited depth of field (DOF), making it challenging to achieve high-resolution imaging of targets with arbitrary surfaces. Here, we propose a high spatiotemporal adaptive photoacoustic focusing mechanism through integrating a high-speed optical focuser, a time-of-flight contour deriving algorithm, and the rotary-scanning photoacoustic microscopy. The developed system, named high-speed adaptive photoacoustic microscopy (HA-PAM), features an ultrashort focus-shifting time of 5 ms and an enlarged DOF of up to 5 mm. With the assistance of the proposed mechanism, we can achieve a homogeneous lateral resolution of 6 μm over a 10 mm circular imaging domain within 5 s. We demonstrate the advantages of HA-PAM through imaging phantoms with curved surfaces, subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, resected rabbit kidneys, and pulsating mouse brains. The imaging results suggest that this approach provides a high and consistent spatial resolution for imaging bio-tissues with arbitrary surfaces without sacrificing the imaging speed, and has the potential to extend the fundamental and clinical applications of OR-PAM.
Cost components of school-based oral health-promoting programs: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Matoso Bárbara da Silva Mourthé , Gomes Viviane Elisângela , Marcenes Wagner , Noronha Kênya Valéria Micaela de Souza , Lima Camilla Aparecida Silva de Oliveira , Ferreira Raquel Conceição 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Oral health-promoting school programs play a crucial role in achieving universal coverage of oral health care, by addressing oral diseases and promoting the well-being and quality of life of children and adolescents. However, a lack of studies has evaluated the costs associated with implementing these programs, which hinders decision-makers in adopting them on a large scale. This review aims to assess the cost components involved in school-based oral health-promoting programs.

Methods
This review will include studies that have conducted either partial or full economic evaluations, focusing on describing the cost components of oral health-promoting programs implemented in primary schools involving students aged 6 to 14. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases: MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, the Virtual Health Library, the NHS Economic Evaluation Database, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE. Additionally, gray literature was searched using the Health Technology Assessment Database. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data extraction and critical appraisal evaluation will also be carried out independently by two reviewers. In case of disagreements, the reviewer team will resolve them through discussion.

Discussion
The systematic review resulting from this protocol aims to provide evidence regarding the cost components and necessary resources for implementing and maintaining oral health-promoting school programs. This information can assist decision-makers in adopting these programs on a larger scale and effectively addressing oral diseases among children and adolescents.

Protocol registration
CRD42022363743.
Strengthening Community Roots: Anchoring Newcomers in Wellness and Sustainability (SCORE!): A protocol for the co-design and evaluation of a healthy active living program among a newcomer community in Canada
Authors: Wahi Gita , Kandasamy Sujane , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Baumann Andrea , Crea-Arsenio Mary , Desai Dipika , DiLiberto Deborah , Georgiades Katholiki , Jackson-Best Fatimah , Kwan Matthew , Montague Patricia , Newbold K. Bruce , Sherifali Diana , Sim Amanda , de Souza Russell J. , Anand Sonia S. ,   on behalf of the SCORE! Research team
Published: September 2023

Background
The burden of childhood obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors affecting newcomer Canadians living in lower socioeconomic circumstances is a concerning public health issue. This paper describes Strengthening Community Roots: Anchoring Newcomers in Wellness and Sustainability (SCORE!), an academic-community research partnership to co-design interventions that nurture and optimize healthy activity living (HAL) among a community of children and families new to Canada in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Methods/Design
Our overarching program is informed by a socio-ecological model, and will co-create HAL interventions for children and families new to Canada rooted in outdoor, nature-based physical activity. We will proceed in three phases: Phase 1) synthesis of existing evidence regarding nature based HAL interventions among children and families; Phase 2) program development through four data collection activities including: i) community engagement activities to build trustful relationships and understand barriers and facilitators, including establishing a community advisory and action board, qualitative studies including a photovoice study, and co-design workshops to develop programs; ii) characterizing the demographics of the community through a household survey; iii) characterizing the built environment and HAL programs/services available in the community by developing an accessible real-time systems map; and iv) reviewing municipal policies relevant to HAL and sustainability; leading to Phase 3) implementation and evaluation of the feasibility of co-designed HAL programs.

Conclusion
The etiology of childhood obesity and related chronic diseases is complex and multifactorial, as are intervention strategies. The SCORE! program of research brings together partners including community members, service providers, academic researchers, and organizational leaders to build a multi-component intervention that promotes the health and wellness of newcomer children and families.