bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time continuous gesture recognition system based on PSO-PNN
Authors: Ren Bing , Gao Zhiqiang , Li Yuhan , You Changxin , Chang Lulu , Han Jing , Li Jie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the field of natural human–machine interaction, wearable gesture interaction technologies have received considerable attention, particularly continuous gesture (CG) recognition. However, CG faces several challenges, including the impact of motion characteristics on gesture recognition and performance that is not sufficiently robust. Traditional algorithms are highly dependent on samples, thus meeting the requirements of low sample volume and high accuracy simultaneously is challenging. To address these challenges, we propose a real-time CG recognition system based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and probabilistic neural network (PNN). This system employs principal component analysis for signal dimensionality reduction to alleviate computational burden and uses K-means clustering and Pearson correlation coefficient to extract optimal features for gesture classification. In offline gesture recognition experiments involving six CGs, the algorithm achieved an accuracy rate of 97% with a training set of 300 samples and a runtime of just 31.25 ms. Compared to other five algorithms, the proposed algorithm improved accuracy by at least 9% and reduced the runtime by 40.475 ms. Moreover, gesture recognition experiments were conducted using different datasets, with the PSO-PNN algorithm achieving an average recognition rate of 90.17%, at least 9.84% higher than other algorithms. Finally, in experiments on online CG control for robots in complex environments, the PSO-PNN demonstrated real-time performance of 28.56 ms and a task completion rate of 90.67%, validating the feasibility of PSO-PNN. This research provides a substantial theoretical and technical foundation for the ongoing enhancement and application of CG recognition technology.
Paper based flexible MoS2-CNT hybrid memristors
Authors: Naik B Raju , Arya Nitika , Balakrishnan Viswanath 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report for the first time MoS2/CNT hybrid nanostructures for memristor applications on flexible and bio-degradable cellulose paper. In our approach, we varied two different weight percentages (10% and 20%) of CNT’s in MoS2 to improve the MoS2 conductivity and investigate the memristor device characteristics. The device with 10% CNT shows a low V
SET voltage of 2.5 V, which is comparatively small for planar devices geometries. The device exhibits a long data retention time and cyclic current–voltage stability of ∼104 s and 102 cycles, making it a potential candidate in flexible painted electronics. Along with good electrical performance, it also demonstrates a high mechanical stability for 1000 bending cycles. The conduction mechanism in the MoS2-CNT hybrid structure is corroborated by percolation and defect-induced filament formation. Additionally, the device displays synaptic plasticity performance, simulating potentiation and depression processes. Furthermore, such flexible and biodegradable cellulose-based paper electronics may pave the way to address the environmental pollution caused by electronic waste in the near future.
CMS HGCAL electronics vertical integration system tests
Authors: Vojinović M. ,   the CMS collaboration
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In preparation for the High-Luminosity phase of the CERN Large Hadron Collider, the
Compact Muon Solenoid collaboration will replace the existing endcap calorimeters with the High
Granularity Calorimeter. Considering both endcaps, this novel sub-detector will
have around six million readout channels, pushing approximately 108 Tbit s-1
of usable data between the detector front-end (on-detector) electronics and the back-end
(off-detector) electronics. Given the scale and complexity of the endcap calorimeter upgrade
project, the electronics testing must be carefully planned. The strategy has been to split the
efforts between vertical (start-to-end) and horizontal (parallelisation) test systems wherever
possible. An important milestone was the development and operation of a test system that
prototypes a complete vertical slice of the future endcap electronics system. For the first time,
a version of a test system consisting of the full vertical electronics readout chain was
successfully operated in a beam test, where it was used to acquire real physics data.
An integrated tool for ion linac design
Authors: Cakir Orhan , Celebi Emre , Cetinkaya Hakan , Kolenoglu Hilal , Turemen Gorkem , Uysal Zekeriya , Unel Gokhan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The initial design phase of an ion linac's front end often
requires the use of several software programs, each dedicated to a
specific component. These components typically include the ion
source, a low-energy beam transmission line (LEBT) equipped with
electromagnets, a measurement station, and finally the Radio
Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). Unfortunately, many of the legacy and
proven software tools in this field lack user-friendly GUIs and have
significant learning curves. In this paper, we present a novel
approach: a unified software solution that offers a cohesive GUI and
integrates with existing legacy software. This single-software
approach not only simplifies the design process but also
significantly reduces the time required for design and optimization.
Our method has been successfully applied to various design
configurations, demonstrating its efficiency in both the learning
and design phases, compared to the traditional multi-software
approach. In addition, we present DemirciPRO as an illustrative
implementation of our unified software approach. This software tool
showcases real-world scenarios and comparisons drawn from an ongoing
proton linac project. DemirciPRO offers a cohesive user interface
for designing an ion source, a Low-Energy Beam Transport (LEBT)
line, and, ultimately, a Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). Each
module is capable of utilizing the output from the preceding one
along the beamline. Furthermore, it possesses the capability to
trace the trajectories of beam particles through the LEBT line using
relevant transport matrices and through the RFQ using the leap-frog
method.
Facile cost-effective green synthesis of carbon dots: selective detection of biologically relevant metal ions and synergetic efficiency for treatment of cancer
Authors: Maity Somedutta , Modak Monami Das , Tomar Munendra Singh , Wasnik Kirti , Gupta Prem Shankar , Patra Sukanya , Pareek Divya , Singh Monika , Pandey Monica , Paik Pradip 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A facile cost-effective green synthesis approach has been used to synthesize carbon-dot (CDs) from the Kernel part of the Azadirachta Indica seeds and investigated their fluorescent and metal ions sensing capability and also used for the delivery of drugs. Metallic ions such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+, and Zn2+ which are biologically important for many reactions and are selectively detected through the novel CDs. The resultant dot size of CDs (∼4 nm) is useful to eliminate the ‘Achilles heel’ problems, which is associated with the Zn2+ in the body and its detection is a very challenging task. It is found that the sensitivity of CDs for the detection of Zn2+ can be regulated by using different solvents. These CDs can also be used as a sensing probe for the selective detection of Fe3+ at a very low concentration of solution (∼5 μM). The synthesis method of CDs reported here is cost-effective, very fast and it is highly selective towards Fe3+ and Zn2+. Due to the fast response capability of these CDs, logic gate operation is achieved and it provides a new understanding to construct potential next-generation molecular devices for the detection of different biomolecules with high selectivity. Additionally, these CDs are biocompatible against normal healthy cells, capable of loading small biomolecules and drugs due to their porous nature, and exhibited potential impact for breast cancer therapy. It is observed that a significant synergic therapeutic effect of CDs loaded with doxorubicin against breast cancer cells is very promising. Thus, the CDs reported herein in this work have been synthesized through a green synthesis approach and can be used as a molecular probe for the detection of metal ions as well as for drug delivery applications.
Ecotourism: Another Benefit of Agro-Silvo-Fishery and Trigona Apiculture in Peatland Ecosystem of Baru Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra
Authors: Hutasuhut Junaidi , Adzani Thifali , Oktariansyah Pratama Ade , Yulita Novia Cecilia , Susanto David , Nungki Ismawan Iskak , Ary Fambayun Rizki , Hartiyadi Romadhona , Rahayu Subekti , Suyanto  
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Agro-silvo-fishery and Trigona apiculture are two business models developed in the peatland ecosystem in Baru Village, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra. Since the beginning of 2022, two demo plots have been built in the same village landscape as part of the business model implementation. The system‘s agro-silvo-fishery was established by constructing a pond around a paddy field and planting betelnut, vegetables, and fruit trees. Local fish that had acclimated to the acidic peatland habitat were captured during the flooding and raised in the ponds. In the constrained biophysical and chemical conditions of swampy terrain, this method is thought to be the greatest way to provide a variety of revenue. Individual farmers cannot afford the costs associated with setting up this system, especially when it comes to constructing the pond and dykes. Individual farmers cannot afford the costs associated with establishing this system, especially when it comes to constructing the pond and dykes. Hence, support from the district and village government and program partners is valuable. The farmer group harvested corn and vegetables from the dykes and rice from the paddy fields in the first year, and fish were not ready for harvest. However, the local BUMDes saved the day by creating weekly regular fishing activities and competition events, generating revenue from tickets. Moreover, the Trigona apiculture became a popular place for those outside the village to learn free of charge. Based on profitability analysis, the NPV of establishing agro-silvo-fishery is Rp103.036.769 per 0.8 ha for 30 years, with additional income from ecotourism is estimated to reach Rp21.600.000 per year. The established demonstration plot has the potential to become an ecotourism destination, and the key is to maintain the surrounding flowers and plants as the source of food for bees and the water condition for the fish.
Exploring the Impact of Various Manual Brewing Techniques on the Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Brewed Coffee
Authors: Raihanur Azizah Dea , Bekti Sunarharum Wenny , Mahatmanto Tunjung , Aurora Kartika Annisa , Hakim Luchman 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Coffee cultivation in Indonesia primarily revolves around Arabica and Robusta. Liberica, a less-cultivated variety, often thrives in agroforestry systems, contributing to ecosystem preservation and biodiversity support. Exploration of coffee holds the potential to benefit farmers, coffee-related industries, and conservation initiatives. As a beverage product, coffee can have unique physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics influenced by various factors from farm to cup. Among these factors, brewing plays a crucial role. This study aims to determine the effects of popular manual brewing techniques (V60, French Press, and Vietnam Drip) on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Arabica and Liberica coffee. The study was conducted using a nested design. The analyses included pH, total dissolved solids, color parameters L* (brightness), IC50 and sensory evaluation by trained panelists. The results highlight that the different manual brewing techniques significantly affected the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the brewed coffee. Interestingly, the effect of the brewing techniques was more pronounced in Arabica compared to Liberica coffee.
Ultra-compact and low-insertion-loss silicon modal bandpass filter using a pixelated region
Authors: Chen Yun , Liu Yuxiao , Wang Pengjun , Fu Qiang , Chen Weiwei , Dai Shixun , Lin Jian , Chen Haoqi , Li Jun , Dai Tingge , Yang Jianyi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a silicon modal bandpass filter using a pixelated region, in which the TE1 mode passes through while TE0 and TE2 modes are blocked, is proposed, optimized, and experimentally demonstrated. To achieve low insertion loss, ultra-compact footprint, relatively broad bandwidth and large extinction ratio, the direct-binary-search optimization algorithm and finite difference time domain method are employed to optimize the design of the pixelated region. Measurement results reveal that, for the fabricated filter, an extinction ratio of 16.91 dB and an insertion loss of 0.89 dB are realized at 1550 nm. The measured extinction ratio is larger than 16.03 dB and the insertion loss is lower than 1.04 dB from 1538.5 to 1584.5 nm. Additionally, the length of the pixelated region is only 4.8 μm.
Development and Validity of Norms for Cognitive Dispersion on the Uniform Data Set 3.0 Neuropsychological Battery
Authors: Kiselica Andrew M , Kaser Alyssa N , Weitzner Daniel S , Mikula Cynthia M , Boone Anna , Woods Steven Paul , Wolf Timothy J , Webber Troy A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cognitive dispersion indexes intraindividual variability in performance across a battery of neuropsychological tests. Measures of dispersion show promise as markers of cognitive dyscontrol and everyday functioning difficulties; however, they have limited practical applicability due to a lack of normative data. This study aimed to develop and evaluate normed scores for cognitive dispersion among older adults.

Method
We analyzed data from 4,283 cognitively normal participants aged ≥50 years from the Uniform Data Set (UDS) 3.0. We describe methods for calculating intraindividual standard deviation (ISD) and coefficient of variation (CoV), as well as associated unadjusted scaled scores and demographically adjusted z-scores. We also examined the ability of ISD and CoV scores to differentiate between cognitively normal individuals (n = 4,283) and those with cognitive impairment due to Lewy body disease (n = 282).

Results
We generated normative tables to map raw ISD and CoV scores onto a normal distribution of scaled scores. Cognitive dispersion indices were associated with age, education, and race/ethnicity but not sex. Regression equations were used to develop a freely accessible Excel calculator for deriving demographically adjusted normed scores for ISD and CoV. All measures of dispersion demonstrated excellent diagnostic utility when evaluated by the area under the curve produced from receiver operating characteristic curves.

Conclusions
Results of this study provide evidence for the clinical utility of sample-based and demographically adjusted normative standards for cognitive dispersion on the UDS 3.0. These standards can be used to guide interpretation of intraindividual variability among older adults in clinical and research settings.
Proportional rates models for multivariate panel count data
Authors: Xu Yangjianchen , Zeng Donglin , Lin Dan-Yu 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Multivariate panel count data arise when there are multiple types of recurrent events, and the observation for each study subject consists of the number of recurrent events of each type between two successive examinations. We formulate the effects of potentially time-dependent covariates on multiple types of recurrent events through proportional rates models, while leaving the dependence structures of the related recurrent events completely unspecified. We employ nonparametric maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation under the working assumptions that all types of events are independent and each type of event is a nonhomogeneous Poisson process, and we develop a simple and stable EM-type algorithm. We show that the resulting estimators of the regression parameters are consistent and asymptotically normal, with a covariance matrix that can be estimated consistently by a sandwich estimator. In addition, we develop a class of graphical and numerical methods for checking the adequacy of the fitted model. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed methods through simulation studies and analysis of a skin cancer clinical trial.
Math on cortex—enhanced delta phase synchrony in math experts during long and complex math demonstrations
Authors: Poikonen Hanna , Tobler Samuel , Trninić Dragan , Formaz Cléa , Gashaj Venera , Kapur Manu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Neural oscillations are important for working memory and reasoning and they are modulated during cognitively challenging tasks, like mathematics. Previous work has examined local cortical synchrony on theta (4–8 Hz) and alpha (8–13 Hz) bands over frontal and parietal electrodes during short mathematical tasks when sitting. However, it is unknown whether processing of long and complex math stimuli evokes inter-regional functional connectivity. We recorded cortical activity with EEG while math experts and novices watched long (13–68 seconds) and complex (bachelor-level) math demonstrations when sitting and standing. Fronto-parietal connectivity over the left hemisphere was stronger in math experts than novices reflected by enhanced delta (0.5–4 Hz) phase synchrony in experts. Processing of complex math tasks when standing extended the difference to right hemisphere, suggesting that other cognitive processes, such as maintenance of body balance when standing, may interfere with novice’s internal concentration required during complex math tasks more than in experts. There were no groups differences in phase synchrony over theta or alpha frequencies. These results suggest that low-frequency oscillations modulate inter-regional connectivity during long and complex mathematical cognition and demonstrate one way in which the brain functions of math experts differ from those of novices: through enhanced fronto-parietal functional connectivity.
Metabolic disorder and functional disturbance in the central executive network in minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Dong Qiu-Yi , Cao Yun-Bin , Huang Hui-Wei , Li Dan , Lin Yanqin , Chen Hua-Jun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to investigate dynamical functional disturbance in central executive network in minimal hepatic encephalopathy and determine its association with metabolic disorder and cognitive impairment. Data of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were obtained from 27 cirrhotic patients without minimal hepatic encephalopathy, 20 minimal hepatic encephalopathy patients, and 24 healthy controls. Central executive network was identified utilizing seed-based correlation approach. Dynamic functional connectivity across central executive network was calculated using sliding-window approach. Functional states were estimated by K-means clustering. Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex metabolite ratios (i.e. glutamate and glutamine complex/total creatine, myo-inositol / total creatine, and choline / total creatine) were determined. Neurocognitive performance was determined by psychometric hepatic encephalopathy scores. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy patients had decreased myo-inositol / total creatine and choline / total creatine and increased glutamate and glutamine complex / total creatine in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (all P ≤ 0.020); decreased static functional connectivity between bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and between right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and lateral-inferior temporal cortex (P ≤ 0.001); increased frequency and mean dwell time in state-1 (P ≤ 0.001), which exhibited weakest functional connectivity. Central executive network dynamic functional indices were significantly correlated with right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex metabolic indices and psychometric hepatic encephalopathy scores. Right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex myo-inositol / total creatine and mean dwell time in state-1 yielded best potential for diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Dynamic functional disturbance in central executive network may contribute to neurocognitive impairment and could be correlated with metabolic disorder.
Shared governance in the plant holobiont and implications for one health
Authors: Berg Gabriele , Dorador Cristina , Egamberdieva Dilfuza , Kostka Joel E , Ryu Choong-Min , Wassermann Birgit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The holobiont Holobiont theory is more than 80 years old, while the importance of microbial communities for plant holobionts was already identified by Lorenz Hiltner more than a century ago. Both concepts are strongly supported by results from the new field of microbiome research. Here, we present ecological and genetic features of the plant holobiont that underpin principles of a shared governance between hosts and microbes and summarize the relevance of plant holobionts in the context of global change. Moreover, we uncover knowledge gaps that arise when integrating plant holobionts in the broader perspective of the holobiome as well as one and planetary health concepts. Action is needed to consider interacting holobionts at the holobiome scale, for prediction and control of microbiome function to improve human and environmental health outcomes.
Genome-guided purification of high amounts of the siderophore ornibactin and detection of potentially novel burkholdine derivatives produced by Burkholderia catarinensis 89T
Authors: Bach Evelise , Chen Julia , Angolini Célio Fernando Figueiredo , Bauer Judith S , Gross Harald , Passaglia Luciane Maria Pereira 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aim
The increased availability of genome sequences has enabled the development of valuable tools for the prediction and identification of bacterial natural products. Burkholderia catarinensis 89T produces siderophores and an unknown potent antifungal metabolite. The aim of this work was to identify and purify natural products of B. catarinensis 89T through a genome-guided approach.

Materials and methods
The analysis of B. catarinensis 89T genome revealed 16 clusters putatively related to secondary metabolism and antibiotics production. Of particular note was the identification of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) cluster related to the production of the siderophore ornibactin, a hybrid NRPS-polyketide synthase Type 1 cluster for the production of the antifungal glycolipopeptide burkholdine, and a gene cluster encoding homoserine lactones (HSL), probably involved in the regulation of both metabolites. We were able to purify high amounts of the ornibactin derivatives D/C6 and F/C8, while also detecting the derivative B/C4 in mass spectrometry investigations. A group of metabolites with molecular masses ranging from 1188 to 1272 Da could be detected in MS experiments, which we postulate to be new burkholdine analogs produced by B. catarinensis. The comparison of B. catarinensis BGCs with other Bcc members corroborates the hypothesis that this bacterium could produce new derivatives of these metabolites. Moreover, the quorum sensing metabolites C6-HSL, C8-HSL, and 3OH-C8-HSL were observed in LC-MS/MS analysis.

Conclusion
The new species B. catarinensis is a potential source of new bioactive secondary metabolites. Our results highlight the importance of genome-guided purification and identification of metabolites of biotechnological importance.