bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective Deep Learning‐Based Infrared Spectral Gas Identification Method
Authors: Wang Zhikang , Zhao Guodong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn order to detect infrared spectral gas components fast and correctly, an improved dilation residual module is proposed in this study by substituting the classic convolution module with the dilation convolution to have a broad receptive field. Based on the residual network, an efficient and effective dilation residual network called DA‐Resnet12 is developed for infrared spectral gas identification by reducing the size of the convolution kernel and the number of dilation convolution modules. The classification accuracy, training duration, and model parametric size are employed as assessment indices. The experimental results reveal that the proposed DA‐ResNet12 network outperforms other comparative methods in terms of model parameter number, accuracy, and time efficiency, proving the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed DA‐ResNet12 network model.
A Device Model for Achieving Sizable and Tunable Tunneling Magnetoresistance Using Two‐Dimensional Materials InX (X = O, Se) without Hetero‐Interface
Authors: Meng YeXuan , Jiang Liwei , Zheng Yisong 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe two‐dimensional (2D) materials InX (X = O, Se), experimentally available thus far, can become a ferromagnetic half metal under hole doping, though the charge neutral states of them are nonmagnetic semiconductors. Based on such an electronic characteristic, a theoretical model of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is proposed composed only of one of the 2D InX. In doing so, the two semi‐infinite pieces of 2D InX in the half‐metallic state is assumed as the opposite electrodes which are separated by a strip of the same material but in its nonmagnetic state. Owing to the 2D nature of InX, the half metal electrodes of the InX device induced by hole doping can be achieved by using split gating technique. The numerical simulations identify a proper hole doping concentration, at which 100% tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios can be realized, accompanying an appreciable conductance of majority spin electron under parallel magnetization configuration. Under a finite bias voltage, the TMR ratio remains high. Therefore, the proposed device model is an ideal candidate for future spintronics applications. It enables electrical control of TMR and circumvents the detriment of hetero‐interface disorder inevitable in conventional MTJs.
Boosting Microglial Lipid Metabolism via TREM2 Signaling by Biomimetic Nanoparticles to Attenuate the Sevoflurane‐Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity
Authors: Li Wenting , Meng Xiaowen , Peng Ke , Han Yaobao , Liu Hanghang , Zhao Weiming , Wang Gang , Deng Li , Liu Hong , Li Zhen , Ji Fuhai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLipid metabolism has been considered as a potential therapeutic target in sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity that can potentially affect the learning and memory function in the developmental brain. Recently, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is identified as a crucial step in regulating lipid metabolism and associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, it is reported that quercetin modified Cu2‐xSe (abbreviated as CSPQ) nanoparticles can ameliorate sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity by tuning the microglial lipid metabolism and promoting microglial M2‐like polarization via TREM2 signaling pathway, in which the apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette transporters (ABCA1 and ABCG1) levels are upregulated. Furthermore, the protective effects of CSPQ nanoparticles against sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity via TREM2 are further demonstrated by the small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐TREM2 transfected BV2 cells, which are obviously not influenced by CSPQ nanoparticles. The cell membrane coated CSPQ (referred as CSPQ@CM) nanoparticles can significantly reduce sevoflurane‐induced learning and memory deficits, improve lipid metabolism dysfunction, and promote the remyelination in the hippocampus of mice. The study shows great potential of targeting microglial lipid metabolism in promoting remyelination of neurons for treatment of neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases.
Smart Tumor Cell‐Derived DNA Nano‐Tree Assembly for On‐Demand Macrophages Reprogramming
Authors: Chen Zhiguo , Yang Sha , Zhao Zhuyang , Feng Liu , Sheng Jing , Deng Ruijia , Wang Binpan , He Yuan , Luo Dan , Chen Ming , Chen Lei , Chang Kai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWithout coordinated strategies to balance the population and activity of tumor cells and polarized macrophages, antitumor immunotherapy generally offers limited clinical benefits. Inspired by the “eat me” signal, a smart tumor cell‐derived proximity anchored non‐linear hybridization chain reaction (Panel‐HCR) strategy is established for on‐demand regulation of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs). The Panel‐HCR is composed of a recognition‐then‐assembly module and a release‐then‐regulation module. Upon recognizing tumor cells, a DNA nano‐tree is assembled on the tumor cell surface and byproduct strands loaded with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG‐ODNs) are released depending on the tumor cell concentration. The on‐demand release of CpG‐ODNs can achieve efficient regulation of M2 TAMs into the M1 phenotype. Throughout the recognition‐then‐assembly process, tumor cell‐targeted bioimaging is implemented in single cells, fixed tissues, and living mice. Afterward, the on‐demand release of CpG‐ODNs regulate the transformation of M2 TAMs into the M1 phenotype by stimulating toll‐like receptor 9 to activate the NF‐κB pathway and increasing inflammatory cytokines. This release‐then‐regulation process is verified to induce strong antitumor immune responses both in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, this proposed strategy holds tremendous promise for on‐demand antitumor immunotherapy.
Organic Donor‐Acceptor Systems for Photocatalysis
Authors: Wang Lingsong , Zhu Weigang 
Published: December 2023

AbstractOrganic semiconductor materials are considered to be promising photocatalysts due to their excellent light absorption by chromophores, easy molecular structure tuning, and solution‐processable properties. In particular, donor‐acceptor (D‐A) type organic photocatalytic materials synthesized by introducing D and A units intra‐ or intermolecularly, have made great progress in photocatalytic studies. More and more studies have demonstrated that the D‐A type organic photocatalytic materials combine effective carrier separation, tunable bandgap, and sensitive optoelectronic response, and are considered to be an effective strategy for enhancing light absorption, improving exciton dissociation, and optimizing carrier transport. This review provides a thorough overview of D‐A strategies aimed at optimizing the photocatalytic performance of organic semiconductors. Initially, essential methods for modifying organic photocatalytic materials, such as interface engineering, crystal engineering, and interaction modulation, are briefly discussed. Subsequently, the review delves into various organic photocatalytic materials based on intramolecular and intermolecular D‐A interactions, encompassing small molecules, conjugated polymers, crystalline polymers, supramolecules, and organic heterojunctions. Meanwhile, the energy band structures, exciton dynamics, and redox‐active sites of D‐A type organic photocatalytic materials under different bonding modes are discussed. Finally, the review highlights the advanced applications of organic photocatalystsand outlines prospective challenges and opportunities.
Reprogramming Metabolic Flux in Escherichia Coli to Enhance Chondroitin Production
Authors: Zhao Chunlei , Li Xiaomin , Guo Liang , Gao Cong , Song Wei , Wei Wanqing , Wu Jing , Liu Liming , Chen Xiulai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReprogramming metabolic flux is a promising approach for constructing efficient microbial cell factories (MCFs) to produce chemicals. However, how to boost the transmission efficiency of metabolic flux is still challenging in complex metabolic pathways. In this study, metabolic flux is systematically reprogrammed by regulating flux size, flux direction, and flux rate to build an efficient MCF for chondroitin production. The ammoniation pool for UDP‐GalNAc synthesis and the carbonization pool for UDP‐GlcA synthesis are first enlarged to increase flux size for providing enough precursors for chondroitin biosynthesis. Then, the ammoniation pool and the carbonization pool are rematched using molecular valves to shift flux direction from cell growth to chondroitin biosynthesis. Next, the adaptability of polymerization pool with the ammoniation and carbonization pools is fine‐tuned by dynamic and static valve‐based adapters to accelerate flux rate for polymerizing UDP‐GalNAc and UDP‐GlcA to produce chondroitin. Finally, the engineered strain E. coli F51 is able to produce 9.2 g L−1 chondroitin in a 5‐L bioreactor. This strategy shown here provides a systematical approach for regulating metabolic flux in complex metabolic pathways for efficient biosynthesis of chemicals.
Target Functionalized Carbon Dot Nanozymes with Dual‐Model Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Imaging for Visual Therapy in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Qiao , Duan Xinmei , Yu Yao , Ni Rongrong , Song Guojing , Yang Xu , Zhu Li , Zhong Yuan , Zhang Kun , Qu Kai , Qin Xian , Wu Wei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMultifunctional nanomedicines have been used in atherosclerosis theranostics. Herein, phosphatidylserine‐specific peptide CLIKKPF‐functionalized carbon‐dots nanozymes (pep‐CDs) are reported for specific and efficient noninvasive theranostic of atherosclerosis. Surprisingly, pep‐CDs are discovered to not only inherit the inherent properties of carbon dots (CDs), including deep‐red fluorescence emission, photoacoustic response, and superoxide dismutase‐like antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory activities but also possess the ability to target recognition on foam cells and target localization on plaques due to the specific interaction of CLIKKPF with phosphatidylserine on the membrane outer surface of foam cells. Furthermore, the target localization effect of pep‐CDs vastly promotes the efficient accumulation of CDs in plaque, thus maximizing AS theranostic of CDs. Interestingly, pep‐CDs could be developed to image plaque for monitoring atherosclerosis pathological progression in real‐time resulting from the different content of foam cells. This work on the one hand proposes a simple and feasible strategy to construct theranostic nanoplatform employing only a single functional unit (i.e., multifunctional CDs) to simplify the fabrication procedure, on the other hand, highlights the advantages of the active target auxiliary mode for atherosclerosis theranostic applications.
Flexible Organic Photovoltaic‐Powered Hydrogel Bioelectronic Dressing With Biomimetic Electrical Stimulation for Healing Infected Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Hu Yi‐Wei , Wang Yu‐Heng , Yang Fang , Liu Ding‐Xin , Lu Guang‐Hao , Li Sheng‐Tao , Wei Zhi‐Xiang , Shen Xiang , Jiang Zhuang‐De , Zhao Yi‐Fan , Pang Qian , Song Bai‐Yang , Shi Ze‐Wen , Shafique Shareen , Zhou Kun , Chen Xiao‐Lian , Su Wen‐Ming , Jian Jia‐Wen , Tang Ke‐Qi , Liu Tie‐Long , Zhu Ya‐Bin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractElectrical stimulation (ES) is proposed as a therapeutic solution for managing chronic wounds. However, its widespread clinical adoption is limited by the requirement of additional extracorporeal devices to power ES‐based wound dressings. In this study, a novel sandwich‐structured photovoltaic microcurrent hydrogel dressing (PMH dressing) is designed for treating diabetic wounds. This innovative dressing comprises flexible organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, a flexible micro–electro–mechanical systems (MEMS) electrode, and a multifunctional hydrogel serving as an electrode–tissue interface. The PMH dressing is engineered to administer ES, mimicking the physiological injury current occurring naturally in wounds when exposed to light; thus, facilitating wound healing. In vitro experiments are performed to validate the PMH dressing's exceptional biocompatibility and robust antibacterial properties. In vivo experiments and proteomic analysis reveal that the proposed PMH dressing significantly accelerates the healing of infected diabetic wounds by enhancing extracellular matrix regeneration, eliminating bacteria, regulating inflammatory responses, and modulating vascular functions. Therefore, the PMH dressing is a potent, versatile, and effective solution for diabetic wound care, paving the way for advancements in wireless ES wound dressings.
Boosting Sensing Performance of Flexible Piezoelectric Pressure Sensors by Sb Nanosheets and BaTiO3 Nanoparticles Co‐Doping in P(VDF‐TrFE) Nanofibers Mat
Authors: Wang Jianqiao , Zhao Chaoyu , Cao Chuan , Liu Miaoxuan , Liu Zhongkang , Zhou Peng , Wang Guocheng , Zhang Tianjin , Zhang Lei , Qi Yajun 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFlexible piezoelectric pressure sensors (FPPS) received a lot of attention because of their prominent performance in body motion detection and energy recovery. However, it has faced a huge challenge in manufacturing FPPS with high sensitivity, low cost, and high flexibility. Herein, a ternary flexible nanofiber composite with Sb nanosheets and BaTiO3 nanoparticles as the fillers of P(VDF‐TrFE) is prepared by electrospinning. An impressive open‐circuit voltage of 17.1 V and short‐circuit current of 4.4 µA is obtained based on the composite nanofiber mat at a pressure of 128 kPa with 2 Hz frequency. The FPPS not only exhibit a high sensitivity of 96 mV kPa−1 but also an ultrafast response time of 2 ms. Excellent flexibility and reliability are demonstrated by the unchanged open‐circuit voltage after 2400 cycles. The enhanced FPPS performance is owed to the interfacial polarization effect at the inorganic filler‐organic matrix interface, which also enhances the ferroelectric and dielectric properties. The present FPPS is further confirmed to be a real‐time motion monitor and voice recognizer, which can distinguish various actions and sounds according to distinct output voltage signals and is expected to be used in virtual reality devices, robotic electronic skin, haptic simulation, artificial throat, etc.
One‐Meter‐Long, All‐3D‐Printed Supercapacitor Fibers Based on Structurally Engineered Electrode for Wearable Energy Storage
Authors: Ovhal Manoj Mayaji , Lee Hock Beng , Satale Vinayak Vitthal , Tyagi Barkha , Chowdhury Sagnik , Kang Jae‐Wook 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFiber‐shaped energy storage devices have great potential for use as an intelligent power source for futuristic wearable technology. To produce high‐performance fiber‐shaped energy storage devices, a thin fiber material with a high energy density, shape adaptability, and longevity is critical. Herein, 3D fiber‐shaped supercapacitors (SCs) comprising MXene‐PEDOT:PSS active electrodes made using the 3D‐direct‐ink‐writing (DIW) technique are demonstrated. Embedding a silver (Ag) current collector in the active electrode facilitated faster charge transport in the fiber‐shaped 3D‐SCs, enabling them to create a unique 3D‐electrode structure that solves the thickness and length problem of electrode‐dependent capacitance in fiber‐shaped devices. At one‐meter long, the fully‐printed fiber‐shaped 3D‐SC exhibits a low charge transfer resistance that leads to the high areal capacitance of 1.062 F cm−2 and gravimetric capacitance of 185.9 F g−1, with a high areal energy density of 94.41 µWh cm−2 at a power density of 1,142 µW cm−2. The fiber‐shaped 3D‐SCs also exhibit excellent electrochemical and mechanical stability at different temperatures in air and water. With their unique electrode structure and uninterrupted power supply, these R2R 3D‐DIW printed fiber‐shaped SCs can boost the development of innovative textile technology.
Long‐Range Confinement‐Driven Enrichment of Surface Oxygen‐Relevant Species Promotes C−C Electrocoupling in CO2Reduction
Authors: Pan Fuping , Duan Xinyi , Fang Lingzhe , Li Haoyang , Xu Zhen , Wang Yu , Wang Teng , Li Tao , Duan Zhiyao , Chen Kai‐Jie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCO2reduction is a highly attractive route to transform CO2into useful feedstocks, of which C2products are more desired than C1, yet face high kinetic barriers of C−C electrocoupling. Here, the engineering of pore‐enabled local confinement reaction environments is reported for tuning the enrichment of surface‐adsorbed oxygen‐relevant species and the establishment of their pronounced benefits in promoting C−C coupling over oxide‐derived Cu‐based catalysts. A new approach of utilizing the microphase separation of a block copolymer is developed to fabricate bicontinuous mesoporous CuO nanofibers (CuO‐BPNF). The enhanced confinement from long‐range mesochannels enables the adsorption of OHad/Oadon the Cu surface at a wide negative potential range of −0.7 – −1.3 V in CO2reduction, which cannot be achieved over conventional deficient and short‐range pores. Constant‐potential DFT calculations reveal that the surface‐bound oxygen species weakens *CO affinity with the Cu (111) surface and lowers the kinetic barriers for both *CO−CO dimerization and *CO hydrogenation to enable *CO−CHO coupling. Accordingly, a CO2‐to‐C2Faradaic efficiency of 74.7% over CuO‐BPNF is shown, significantly larger than counterparts with conventional pores. This work offers a general design principle of confinement engineering to manage the adsorption of reactive species for steering reaction pathways in interfacial catalysis.
Blood‐based biomarkers of Alzheimer disease as measured by a mass spectrometry assay are as accurate as CSF tests
Authors: Schindler Suzanne E. , Barthélemy Nicolas R. , Saef Benjamin A. , Henson Rachel L. , Li Yan , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Morris John C , Bateman Randall J. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundEspecially because disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs) for Alzheimer disease (AD) are likely to become more available soon, highly accurate AD blood tests for use in clinical diagnosis are critically needed. Although amyloid PET scans and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests are highly accurate in the identification of individuals with brain amyloidosis, blood tests are likely the only test modality that will enable an adequate scale of AD biomarker testing. Mass spectrometry‐based AD blood tests have consistently demonstrated very high performance.MethodsResearch participants enrolled in studies at the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center who underwent amyloid PET and measurement of established CSF biomarkers of AD with Lumipulse automated assays were included. The presence and severity of dementia was evaluated with the Clinical Dementia Rating® (CDR®) and Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes (CDR‐SB). Plasma samples collected at the same session as CSF underwent analysis for specific phosphorylated and non‐phosphorylated tau species with an immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry assay. Plasma T217 occupancy was calculated as the percent of phosphorylated to non‐phosphorylated tau at threonine 217.ResultsThe study cohort included 337 individuals with an average age of 69.8 ± 8.3 years (mean ± standard deviation); 175 (52%) were female, 128 (38%) were APOE ε4 carriers, 112 (33%) were amyloid PET positive, and 50 (15%) were cognitively impaired. Classification accuracy of amyloid PET status was equivalent for plasma T217 occupancy (AUC 0.973) and CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 (AUC 0.970), (p = 0.72 for the difference). Interestingly, plasma T217 occupancy more accurately classified individuals as cognitively impaired (CDR>0) or cognitively unimpaired (CDR 0), with an AUC of 0.876 versus 0.814 for CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 (p = 0.006 for the difference). Further, plasma T217 occupancy was better correlated with dementia severity as measured by the CDR‐SB (Spearman ρ = 0.455 versus ‐0.338 for CSF Aβ42/Aβ40, p = 0.02).ConclusionPlasma T217 occupancy as measured by mass spectrometry had equivalent classification accuracy of amyloid PET status compared to Lumipulse CSF Aβ42/Aβ40. Notably, plasma T217 occupancy was more strongly associated with cognitive impairment and dementia severity than CSF Aβ42/Aβ40. Overall, these data suggest that some AD blood tests have equivalent or better performance characteristics than clinically used CSF tests.
Fluid biomarkers in dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Watson Rosie 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies presents specific challenges in clinical practice, with no readily available disease‐specific biomarkers. This leads to delays in diagnosis, exposure to inappropriate treatments, and may be a contributor to poorer outcomes for patients and their caregivers.There has been renewed interest in developing technologies for the measurement of dysregulated alpha‐synuclein, with some of these techniques yielding promising early results. Further validation of these techniques and exploration their transferability to blood‐based technologies is underway.Much work has been conducted on using fluid biomarkers to understand the overlap of dementia with Lewy bodies with other neuropathologies and its clinical significance. In particular, the prevalence and impact of comorbid amyloid‐beta and tau pathology in dementia with Lewy bodies has been investigated most thoroughly. In addition, overlap with other important neuropathologies including cerebrovascular disease and neuroinflammation is an area of active investigation.
Making Community Connections for Minority Outreach in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gupta Sangeeta 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecognizing the gap in communication that exists between minority populations and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)research community, education and outreach are a critical step in the effort to understand and address disparities. African‐Americans (AA) and Hispanics, are significantly more likely to have Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) as compared to non‐Hispanic Whites. In addition to biological risk, widespread and significant misperceptions about aging process, diagnosis and clinical management influence the way in which AD/ADRD is recognized and subsequently treated in minority populationsMethodAn Alzheimer’s’ Community Engagement ‐Empower Minorities (ACE‐EM) center is proposed as an addition to existing research programs at Delaware State University (DSU). As a Historically‐Black university DSU is uniquely positioned to coordinate Alzheimer’s outreach programs in minority communities of interest. Organizations with strong ties to minority populations improve intervention effectiveness and increase impact. ACE‐EM plans to foster education and training of DSU students under the guiding framework of the Alzheimer’s disease Public Health Curriculum to develop community trusted dementia advocates – an investment for a competent future public health workforce. We recognize the importance of having conversations with family and community members about aging, AD/ADRD and how we can work together to reduce the risks of Alzheimer’s disease for future generations as outlined in the CDC Healthy Brain Initiative Road Map (2018‐2023).ResultCenter will provide a hub for scientific and community exchange for research dissemination specific to cognitive health and AD/ADRD among minorities and 2) engage community members, their families, and partners through culturally targeted and linguistically appropriate education, training, and measurements. Preliminary targeted outreach efforts and data collection in process.ConclusionTo build empowered communities with increased awareness and understanding of cognitive health, through a range of community‐informed and community‐engaged dissemination activities.