bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiomic Analysis of Monocyte-Derived Alveolar Macrophages in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Jinghao , Hu Haisheng , Zhou Yuan , Lin ZhiWei , Jing Hui , Sun Baoqing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo_AMs) are increasingly recognised as potential pathogenic factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) analysis has proven valuable in the transcriptome profiling of Mo_AMs at single-cell resolution, the integration of scRNAseq with bulk RNA sequencing (bulkseq) and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATACseq) may provide additional dimensions of understanding of these cellular populations involved in IPF.
Methods
We analysed 116 scRNAseq samples, 119 bulkseq samples, and five scATACseq samples of lung tissue. We built a large-scale IPF scRNAseq atlas and then performed the trajectory analysis to explore the developmental path and differences of Mo_AMs subpopulations. Additionally, to determine whether Mo_AMs affected pulmonary function, we projected clinical phenotypes (forced vital capacity, FVC%pred) from the bulkseq dataset onto the scRNAseq atlas using the R package Scissor. To gain a deeper insight into the cell–cell interaction of Mo_AMs, we used the R package CellChat and further validated the downstream mechanism. Finally, we used scATATCseq to uncover the upstream regulatory mechanisms and determine key drivers of transcription factors in Mo_AMs.
Results
We identified three Mo_AMs clusters: Mon_macs, CCL2_RecMacs, and SPP1_RecMacs. The trajectory analysis further validated the origin and differentiation of these three clusters, and APOE was found to be essential for differentiation of the trajectory. Moreover, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis was found to be involved in the molecular basis of reciprocal interactions between Mo_AMs and fibroblasts through the activation of the ERK pathway in Mo_AMs. Subsequently, the proportions of CCL2_RecMacs and SPP1_RecMacs were found to be higher in the low-FVC group than in the high-FVC group. Additionally, SPIB (PU.1), JUNB, JUND, BACH2, FOSL2, and SMARCC1 showed stronger association with open chromatin of Mo_AMs than tissue-resident alveolar macrophages. SMAD2 and PPARγ could be the potential drivers during Mo_AM differentiation.
Conclusion
Mo_AMs may influence FVC% pred and aggravate pulmonary fibrosis through the communication with fibroblasts. Furthermore, Mo_AM differentiation may be regulated by distinctive transcriptional regulators. Overall, through multiomic analysis, this work provides a global overview of how Mo_AMs govern IPF and also helps determine better approaches and intervention therapies.
Pressure injury protection strategies are needed in the process of interhospital transport: The findings of a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Jianbo , Wang Runwei , Hu Xiaoshuang , Li Yao , Yao Minwei , Xu Xiulian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Pressure injuries (PIs) have implications for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Interhospital transport (IHT) is important to obtain high-quality medical care, but it may complicate PIs.
Objective
To determine the necessity of adopting a PI protective strategy during IHT.
Design
A retrospective cohort study.
Participants
Adult patients admitted to the ICU of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2018 to December 2019 were included.
Methods
Patients who underwent IHT were the IHT group, and those who were admitted directly were the non-transported (NT) group. The Braden score was used to assess the risk of PI.
Results
The prevalence of PIs was not different between the two groups. The risk factors for PI, such as unconsciousness, a high proportion of mechanical ventilation (MV) and low hemoglobin level, were more obvious in IHT patients, but younger age, higher body mass index and lower vasoactive drug (VD) use were protective factors. The Braden score was lower in the IHT group, and in both groups decreased in the first 4 days and recovered in the following 3 days, and the difference disappeared at the end of ICU care, but the price is that IHT consumes more resources. Even in the weighted population created by applying inverse probability weighting, the difference persisted. In subgroup analysis, the Braden score of patients without MV or VD use showed the above characteristics, but not with MV or/and VD use patients. The Braden score difference between ICU-sourced IHT patients and NT patients still existed at the end of ICU care.
Conclusions
IHT brings more challenges to the prevention of PI in critically ill patients. It is very necessary to adopt protective strategies in the process of transportation, especially to transport patients between ICU.
Implications for Clinical Practice
PI protection measures should be adopted in the process of inter-hospital transport, especially in the transfer of patients between ICU.
Mn-inlaid antiphase boundaries in perovskite structure
Authors: Wang Lingyan , Li Chao , Xu Liqiang , Ren Xuerong , Yao Fangzhou , Lu Jiangbo , Wang Dong , Liang zhongshuai , Huang Ping , Wu Shengqiang , Jing Hongmei , Zhang Yijun , Dong Guohua , Liu Haixia , Ma Chuansheng , Lyu Yinong , Wei Xiaoyong , Ren Wei , Wang Ke , Ye Zuo-Guang , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Improvements in the polarization of environmentally-friendly perovskite ferroelectrics have proved to be a challenging task. In contrast to traditional methods by complex chemical composition designs, we successfully formed new Mn-inlaid antiphase boundaries in Mn-doped (K,Na)NbO3 thin films using pulsed laser deposition method. Mono- or bi-atomic layer of Mn has been identified to inlay along the antiphase boundaries to balance the charges originated from the deficiency of alkali ions and to induce out-of-plane tensile strain in the KNN films. Thus, rectangular saturated polarization-electric field hysteresis loops have been achieved, with a significantly improved twice remanent polarization of 114 μC/cm2, which can be comparable to that of typical PZT thin films. Moreover, the Mn occupation at the A-site of the KNN perovskite structure was directly revealed using atomic-scale microstructure and composition analysis. The Mn-inlaid antiphase boundary can further enrich the understanding of perovskite crystal structure and open up new possibilities for the design and optimization of perovskite materials.
ELECT: Prospective, Randomized Trial Comparing Microvascular Plug versus Platinum-Fibered Microcoils for Embolization of Aneurysm Sac Side Branches before Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Konert Manuela , Schmidt Andrej , Branzan Daniela , Wittig Tim , Scheinert Dierk , Steiner Sabine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Preemptive selective embolization of aneurysm sac side branches (ASSBs) has been proposed to prevent type II endoleak after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). This study aimed to explore if an embolization strategy using microvascular plugs (MVP) reduces intervention time and radiation dose compared to platinum-fibered microcoils. Further, the effectiveness of the devices in occluding the treated artery was assessed.
Methods
Sixty patients scheduled for EVAR underwent percutaneous preemptive embolization of ASSBs using MVPs or coils after a 1:1 randomization. Follow-up imaging was performed during aortic stentgraft implantation.
Results
Overall, 170 ASSBs were successfully occluded (83 arteries by MVPs and 87 by coils) and no acute treatment failure occurred. The mean procedure time was significantly lower in the group treated with MVPs (55 ± 4 minutes) compared to coil occlusion (67 ± 3 minutes; p = 0.018), which was paralleled by a numerically lower radiation dose (119 Gy/cm2 vs. 140 Gy/cm2; p = 0.45). No difference was found for contrast agent use (34 ml MVP group vs 35 ml coil group; p = 0.87). At follow-up reopening of lumbar arteries was seen in nine cases (four after coil embolization; five after MVPs).
Conclusion
Both microvascular plugs and coils can be effectively used for preemptive embolization of aneurysm sac side branches before EVAR. Use of plugs offers a benefit in terms of intervention time.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03842930 Registered 15 February 2019, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03842930
Blood oxygen implications of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) combined with patent foramen ovale (PFO) in Northwest, China
Authors: Lv Yidi , Guo Aihong , Lu Zhaoying , Zhang Guoxun , Ruan Litao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose: OSA and PFO both can lead to changes in blood oxygen. In this study, we sought to determine whether blood oxygen changes were further exacerbated with OSA combined with PFO.
Methods: Based on c-TCD and PSG results, 623 patients were retrospectively included. According to the results, the patients were divided into 4 groups: OSA and PFO double-positive group, PFO single-positive group, OSA single-positive group, and OSA and PFO double-negative group. In addition, based on the AHI results, we extracted all the severe and moderate patients, and then used the PFO results to group them into the OSA single-positive Moderate-Severe group and the OSA and PFO double-positive Moderate-Severe group. The minimum oxygen saturation, ODI, sleep time with oxygen saturation <90% (TST90) and the percentage of cumulative time with oxygen saturation below 90% in total sleep time(T90) were analysis.
Results: The minimum oxygen saturation, ODI:
There were statistical differences the four groups (P < 0.000). However, there was no statistical difference between the double-positive group and the OSA single-positive group. At the same time, there was no statistical difference between the PFO single-positive group and the all-negative group either. In addition, there was no statistical difference between the all-positive group and the OSA single-positive group in the Moderate-Severe group.
TST90 and T90:
There were statistical differences between the OSA single-positive Moderate-Severe group and the OSA and PFO double-positive Moderate-Severe group.
Conclusions: Patients with OSA-PFO overlap had more severe intermittent hypoxia during sleep than patients with OSA alone.
Large-scale metabolite imaging gallery of mouse organ tissues to study spatial metabolism
Authors: Phapale Prasad , Smith Karl , Fecke Antonia , Kasarla Siva Swapna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has revolutionized the study of tissue metabolism by enabling the visualization of small molecule metabolites (SMMs) in high spatial resolution. However, comprehensive SMM imaging databases for different organ tissues are lacking, hindering our understanding of spatial organ metabolism. To address this resource gap, we present a large-scale SMM imaging gallery for mouse brain, kidney, and liver, capturing over 300 SMMs spanning nine chemical superclasses and encompassing over 40 metabolic pathways. Manual curation of these imaging datasets yielded novel insights into organ-specific metabolic processes, unveiling previously unexplored spatial distribution patterns. Specifically, we identify 82 SMMs annotated in coronal sections and 86 in sagittal tissue sections, including novel spatial patterns for neurotransmitters. Furthermore, we map 111 SMMs in kidney and 69 SMMs in liver, providing new insights into their amino acid and glutathione metabolism. Our comprehensive SMM imaging gallery serves as a critical resource for the spatial metabolism research community, filling a significant resource gap. This resource is freely available for download and can be accessed through the BioImage Archive and METASPACE repositories, providing high quality annotated images for training AI-based computational models and advancing our understanding of tissue metabolism at the spatial level.
Duodenal perforation in children: must surgery be performed?
Authors: Wang Xiang , Zheng Weijun , Chen Fei , Wu Dianming , Fang Yifan , Liu Mingkun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective：The aim of this study is to share our experience in the conservative treatment of duodenal perforation in children.
Method：Retrospective collection of clinical data on 6 children with duodenal perforation treated at Fujian Children's Hospital from May 2022 to October 2023. Six cases were all males, ranging in age from 8 to 14 years old, and the onset time ranged from 4 to 24 hours. Main manifestations are abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, etc. Among them, 5 children have undergone abdominal CT examination at local hospitals, indicating gastrointestinal perforation.
Result：All 6 patients were diagnosed with perforation of the anterior wall of the duodenum, of which 5 cases were confirmed by ultrasound examination to be located in the bulb, and 1 case was located at the junction of the bulb and the descending part. The perforation diameter of all cases was less than 1cm.Four of them were less than 5mm, and 1 case was 6.9mm. Abdominal X-ray plain film showed 3 cases of free gas downstream of the diaphragm. Five cases underwent conservative treatment, including fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, antibiotics, proton pump inhibitor (PPI), octreotide, and nutritional support. Blood routine monitoring showed that white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) level gradually returned to normal. They recovered after 10-16 days of hospitalization. One case underwent emergency laparoscopic repair of duodenal perforation due to sepsis after 2 days of conservative treatment. Complications such as chyloperitoneum, pleural effusion and subphrenic effusion occurred after the surgery, and the patient recovered after 34 days of hospitalization. All patients recovered and were discharged. Continue to take omeprazole acid therapy for 8 weeks after discharge. All cases were followed up for a period of 1 month to 1 year. Only 1 patient underwent gastroscopy 3 months later and, diagnosed with multiple duodenal ulcers (S2 stage), and continued treatment. The remaining 5 cases showed no signs of second time perforation, bloody stools, abdominal pain, or vomiting.
Conclusion：Duodenal perforation in children is rare and often caused by primary ulcers. Most of them has a history of chronic abdominal pain, with symptoms of abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, and signs of peritonitis during acute attacks. Abdominal X-ray, abdominal CT plain scan, and ultrasound can assist in diagnosis. As long as there is no progression to sepsis, conservative treatment can achieve the same therapeutic effect as surgical treatment, with satisfactory outcomes and acceptable hospital stay.
Microleakage of luting cements in CAD/CAM pediatric zirconia crowns: An in vitro study
Authors: Iampinitkul Sukitta , Chaijareenont Pisaisit , Chinadet Wannapa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives To assess and compare the microleakage of custom-made zirconia crowns (CZCs) and prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) on primary maxillary incisors when luted with RelyXTM U200, RelyXTM Luting2, and BioCem®.
Materials and methods A total of 60 primary maxillary incisors were prepared and divided randomly into two groups of the two types of CAD/CAM zirconia crowns. Within each group, the teeth were further randomised into three subgroups that received different luting cements. After cementation and thermocycling, the teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue solution. Subsequently, the teeth were sectioned and accessed under stereomicroscope. The data were statistically analysed using two-way ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett T3 tests (p < 0.05).
Results PZCs cemented with RelyXTM Luting2 demonstrated the highest microleakage, whereas PZCs cemented with BioCem® exhibited the lowest microleakage. For CZCs, those cemented with RelyXTM Luting2 was significantly greater microleakage than those cemented with BioCem® (p < 0.05). Similarly, PZCs with RelyXTM Luting2 and RelyXTM U200 as luting agents showed significantly higher microleakage compared to those with BioCem® (p = 0.000, p < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, when using RelyXTM Luting2 as the cement, PZCs had significantly more microleakage than CZCs (p < 0.01).
Conclusions BioCem® is recommended as the preferred luting cement, especially for PZCs. Practitioners are advised to critically assess their use of RelyXTM Luting2 due to its elevated microleakage rates with both crown types.
Clinical relevance Selecting the appropriate luting cement is vital to minimize microleakage in pediatric zirconia crowns, thereby potentially enhancing the restoration's longevity and clinical success.
Density Functional Theory Investigation of the Contributions of π−π Stacking and Hydrogen Bonding with Water to the Supramolecular Aggregation Interactions of Model Asphaltene Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Lessa Milena D. , Stoyanov Stanislav R. , Carneiro José Walkimar M. , Costa Leonardo M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A complex supramolecular process involving electrostatic and dispersion interactions, asphaltene aggregation is associated with detrimental petroleum deposition and scaling that pose challenges to petroleum recovery, transportation, and upgrading. The density functional ωB97X-D with a dispersion correction was employed to investigate supramolecular aggregates incorporating heterocycles dimers with 0, 1, 2, and 3 water molecules forming a stabilizing bridge connecting the monomers. The homodimers of seven heterocyclic model compounds, representative of moieties commonly found in asphaltene structures were studied: pyridine, thiophene, furan, isoquinoline, pyrazine, thiazole, and 1,3-oxazole. The contributions of hydrogen bonding involving water bridges spanning between dimers and π−π stacking to the total interaction energy were calculated and analyzed. The distance between the planes of the aromatic rings is correlated with the π-π stacking interaction strength. All the dimerization reactions are exothermic, although not spontaneous. This is mostly modulated by the strength of the hydrogen bond of the water bridge and the π-π stacking interaction. Dimers bridged by two water molecules are more stable than with additional water molecules or without any water molecule in the bridge. Energy decomposition analysis show that the electrostatic and polarization components are the main stabilizing terms for the hydrogen bond interaction in the bridge, contributing with at least 80% of the interaction energy in all dimers. The non-covalent interaction analysis confirms the molecular sites that have the strongest (hydrogen bond) and weak (π-π stacking) attractive interactions. They are concentrated in the water bridge and in the plane between the aromatic rings, respectively.
Burdens of liver cancer in young adults worldwide from 1990 to 2019, and predictions from 2020 to 2030
Authors: Fan Chenlu , Zhang Xin , Zhang Meichen , Yang Yanmei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
This study was to investigate the prevalence of liver cancer among individuals aged 15–49 globally and predict future trends in its burden until 2030.
Methods
The age-standardized indicators and their estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated in this study. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were employed to predict the burdens for the period of 2020–2030.
Results
From 1990 to 2019, the burden of liver cancer increased significantly among individuals aged 35–49, with the highest peak observed among those aged 45–49. The burden was higher in men compared to women. During the same period, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate of liver cancer in young adults showed the greatest increase in Central Asia, while the age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate increased the most in Eastern Europe. Among the 204 countries examined, Uzbekistan had the highest increase in ASIR of liver cancer in young adults. Furthermore, using GAMs, we predicted that from 2020 to 2030, the burden of liver cancer will continue to rise among individuals aged 30–34 and 35–39. Notably, the burden of liver cancer attributed to alcohol use is projected to increase significantly between 2020 and 2030.
Conclusions
The burden of liver cancer among young adults has shown an age-dependent increase in 2019, with men experiencing a greater burden compared to women. The projected estimates indicate a rise in the burden of liver cancer attributed to alcohol consumption among young adults, specifically from 2020 to 2030.
Sequence and structural analysis of main protease Mpro mutants of SARS CoV-2 from variant of concern (VoCs)
Authors: KHAN MOHD MUZAMMIL 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In light of the emergence of new and potentially more virulent SARS-CoV-2 variants, an in-depth analysis of the main protease (Mpro) or 3CLpro, a critical target for COVID-19 therapy due to its essential role in viral replication, was conducted. This study focused on the alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and omicron variants, comparing them to the reference sequence (Wuhan-Hu-1). The comprehensive analysis of the mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro across Variants of Concern (VOCs) provides valuable insights into the evolving nature of the virus. The study utilized a substantial dataset of 222,980 sequences (quality data) and created a library of a total of 51,733 mutations for the Mpro protein. The distribution of mutations varied among the variants, with distinct patterns observed. Certain regions crucial for drug binding and protease function showed relatively fewer mutation rates, unlike the interdomain site, which exhibited higher mutation rates compared to catalytic and dimeric interface sites. Notably, the Omicron variant displayed the prevalent P132H mutation, while the Beta variant featured the prevalent K90R mutation. Furthermore, proline positions in Mpro were investigated, with mutations identified in ten out of thirteen positions, underscoring the potential impact on protein stability. Additionally, the catalytic site S1 sub-pocket was found to be less mutated, whereas the S3 sub-pocket was highly mutated. These findings suggest a critical role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of Mpro, offering valuable insights for future research and therapeutic development.