bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PyRETIS 3: Conquering rare and slow events without boundaries
Authors: Vervust Wouter , Zhang Daniel T. , Ghysels An , Roet Sander , van Erp Titus S. , Riccardi Enrico 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe present and discuss the advancements made in PyRETIS 3, the third instalment of our Python library for an efficient and user‐friendly rare event simulation, focused to execute molecular simulations with replica exchange transition interface sampling (RETIS) and its variations. Apart from a general rewiring of the internal code towards a more modular structure, several recently developed sampling strategies have been implemented. These include recently developed Monte Carlo moves to increase path decorrelation and convergence rate, and new ensemble definitions to handle the challenges of long‐lived metastable states and transitions with unbounded reactant and product states. Additionally, the post‐analysis software PyVisa is now embedded in the main code, allowing fast use of machine‐learning algorithms for clustering and visualising collective variables in the simulation data.
The optimal cut‐off value of five‐time chair stand test for assessing sarcopenia among Chinese community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Li Yu‐Hua , Wang Xiu‐Hua , Ya Shi , Jiaoling Huang , Hua Nan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe five‐time chair stand test (5CST) as an indicator of muscle strength and physical function is the first step in assessing sarcopenia. We aimed to determine the optimal cut‐off value of the 5CST for assessing older adults with sarcopenia in the Chinese community.MethodsWe used a stratified cluster random sampling method to recruit older adults from Chinese communities. The handgrip strength was assessed using an electronic handgrip dynamometer. The 5CST and gait speed were assessed by the trained researchers. The bioimpedance analysis device was used to evaluate the skeletal muscle index. We used the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia diagnosis criteria as the gold standard. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, we determine the optimal cut‐off value using the Youden index.ResultsA total of 1027 participants were included in this analysis, including 337 men and 690 women with an average age of 70.35 ± 7.24 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia in total participants was 24.9%. The optimal cut‐off value of 5CST in the total population was 10.9 s. Stratified by age and gender, for the older adults aged 60–69 years, the optimal cut‐off values were 9.2 s in men and 10.8 s in women; for the older adults aged 70–79 years, cut‐off values were 10.2 s in men and 10.9 s in women; and for the older adults over 80 years, cut‐off values were 14.0 s in men and 11.5 s in women (all P < 0.001). The areas under the curve of 5CST were 0.632 in men and 0.650 in women (both P < 0.001). Using the newly defined cut‐off values, the prevalence of sarcopenia increased significantly (P < 0.001).ConclusionsWe determined the optimal cut‐off value of the 5CST for assessing older adults with sarcopenia in the Chinese community, and this cut‐off can significantly improve the detection rate of sarcopenia. The cut‐off determined in our study will help community workers detect more people with sarcopenia and benefit from early intervention and management of sarcopenia in practice.
Synthesizing a transesterification catalyst via a condensation reaction and assessment of the mechanism using density functional theory
Authors: Wang Jinxia , He Shuiqing , Yuan Hong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDA solid acid (SPEI–EN–OHCMs) having dendritic –NH2 groups was prepared via oxidation of hydrothermal carbon microspheres (OHCMs) followed by a condensation reaction with the –NH2 groups of polyethyleneimine and sulfonation. The mechanism by which –COOH groups on the surfaces of OHCMs reacted with these –NH2 groups was assessed using density functional theory (DFT).RESULTActivation using a combination of 1‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐3‐ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was found to promote the formation of amide bonds such that –NH2 groups were bonded to the microsphere surfaces. This effect provided more bonding sites for –SO3H groups. The DFT results indicated that the energy barrier on the potential energy surface in the presence of EDC and NHS was lowered by 18.1 kcal mol−1. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses also confirmed the introduction of –NH2 groups followed by –SO3H groups onto the surfaces of the OHCMs. The concentration of surface acid sites on SPEI–EN–OHCMs was found to be as high as 11.8 mmol g−1. Thermogravimetric data and elemental analysis results showed that the –SO3H groups on the SPEI–EN–OHCM surfaces were thermally stable below 180 °C.CONCLUSIONThe SPEI–EN–OHCMs catalyst was used to promote the transesterification reaction of waste frying oil with methanol. A trial with a methanol‐to‐oil molar ratio of 10:1 at 110 °C for 4 h gave a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 92.3%. After four reuses, an SPEI–EN–OHCMs specimen provided a FAME yield of 54.3%. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Assessing methodological quality in dental education research using MERSQI: Analysis of publications from two journals
Authors: Sukotjo Cortino , Koseoglu Merve , Suwannasin Pitcha , Yuan Judy Chia‐Chun , Park Yoon Soo , Johnson Bradford Ray , Thammasitboon Kewalin , Tekian Ara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) has been used frequently to assess the methodological quality of medical education but not for dental education. The present study aimed to assess the methodological quality using MERSQI scores of articles published in the Journal of Dental Education (JDE) and the European Journal of Dental Education (EJDE).MethodsA cross‐sectional assessment of the quality of manuscripts published in 2012, 2017, and 2022 JDE and EJDE was conducted. MERSQI data, numbers of authors, first and corresponding author degrees, geographic origins, and funding information were also extracted for each included study. Descriptive and analytical statistics were conducted, and significance level was set at α < 0.05.ResultsFour hundred ninety‐five articles met the inclusion criteria. The most common study design was a single‐group cross‐sectional or single‐group posttest and conducted in one institution for all studied years. In all journals and years, studies were assessed mainly by participants. The study outcome was mostly satisfaction, attitudes, perceptions, opinions, and general facts. The total mean MERSQI score for each journal and year varied. Year and geographic origin significantly affected the total MERSQI score. Papers originating from Asia had the highest score, followed by South America, Europe, North America, Oceania, and Africa.ConclusionMERSQI score is applicable to the assessment of the methodological quality of dental educational research. The MERSQI score for most of the domains was similar for both journals. The MERSQI score was affected by publication years and geographic origins.
The effects of a training package to teach note taking on the formation of equivalence classes
Authors: Frampton Sarah E. , Linehan Emily 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEffective note taking may enhance learning outcomes for students and serve as a directly observable form of mediation within a test context. Frampton et al. (2023) used stimulus fading to teach note taking in the form of a graphic organizer (GO) during matching‐to‐sample baseline relations training (MTS‐BRT). Moderately high yields were observed with young adults despite the use of linear series training, abstract stimuli, and five‐member classes. The present study taught the same note taking strategy using an intervention package including video illustration, voice‐over instructions, and feedback to eight college students. Participants were taught to construct the GO during MTS‐BRT with three three‐member classes of familiar stimuli. Then the effects of MTS‐BRT alone with three five‐member classes of abstract stimuli was evaluated. Participants efficiently completed training with familiar stimuli and passed the posttest on the first attempt. With the abstract stimuli, participants engaged in GO construction during MTS‐BRT and the six participants that demonstrated high levels of fidelity to the trained note taking strategy passed the posttest on the first attempt. These results replicate findings from Frampton et al. while using a more efficient intervention package. Benefits of teaching overt mediation responses are discussed as well as future directions for translation to applied contexts.
Clinical Bootcamp: Moving toward competency outside of the clinic
Authors: Dugan R. Beth , Yashar Beverly M. , Marvin Monica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 Pandemic placed many challenges on the healthcare system. As healthcare providers were stretched thin and clinics were closed to any non‐essential personnel, including learners, educational programs across the country scrambled to meet the needs of their students. In response to restrictions placed on traditional in‐person clinical training, the University of Michigan Genetic Counseling Program (UMGCP) designed a Clinical Bootcamp (Bootcamp); a two‐weeklong, blended educational activity using a framework of case‐based learning (CBL) (McLean, 2016). Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 3, JMECD.S20377). Herein is a description of the theory behind the design as well as specific details of the activities and evaluations to aid implementation and ideas for future applications. Activities developed for the Clinical Bootcamp retain relevance when clinical sites and experienced clinical supervisors are limited resources. We believe the Bootcamp can serve as a tool to expedite the transition of clinical skills to a new setting, allowing students to engage more fully upon entering a new clinical space, leading to optimal use of supervisors' time and experience, and allowing students to maximize the benefit of their time in clinic.
Perspective of radiography science – a document analysis of dissertations
Authors: Törnroos Sanna , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Siekkinen Mervi , Metsälä Eija 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to clarify the perspective of radiography science as an academic discipline. A discipline can be studied by discovering the collective use of concepts, especially core concepts. We have previously identified the core concepts as clinical practices in radiography, radiographers' profession, safe and high‐quality radiation use, and technology in radiography. The relationships between these concepts have not been studied previously. In order to clarify the perspective of radiography science we have investigated further the core concepts, their interrelationships and interdependencies.MethodsAltogether, 53 dissertations meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for a qualitative document analysis. The data were first analysed deductively using an extraction matrix comprising four core concepts developed from previous studies, then relational statements were synthesised, and the statements were analysed semantically.ResultsAnalysis revealed the bilateral interrelationships between the concepts and their dependencies. All the concepts were used within healthcare. The rationale for radiography science research was the clinical practice of radiography and the improvement of services in a complex environment as a part of patients' pathways. Safe and high‐quality radiation use was investigated as a means to deliver optimal services. Technology was studied as being functional or a means to deliver services. The perspective of the discipline was seen as the combination of humanistic interaction with advanced technology, where safety and quality were a necessity.ConclusionsDefining core concepts and their interrelations clarifies the perspective of the discipline and gives radiography researchers a way to argue their viewpoint.
Moisture sources and pathways during an extreme rainfall event over South Korea and the role of sea surface temperature anomalies in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea
Authors: Cao Yuan , Qiao Zeyu , Li Weidong , Ni Guangheng , Tian Yinglin , Liu Jiahui , Zhong Deyu , Zhang Yu , Wang Guangqian , Hu Xilin , Liu Jiajia 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOn August 8th, 2022, an extreme rainfall event (the 88ER) occurred over South Korea's metropolitan area and resulted in immense losses of human lives and properties. Previous study has attributed the rainfall event to the intersection of warm and cold air induced by a Northeast China Cold Vortex (NCCV) and the persistently northward displacement of the West Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH). However, in addition to dynamic drivers, understanding the moisture transport of the 88ER is likewise crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent rainstorm disasters. In this study, based on the output from a WRF model, the primary moisture sources and transport pathways of the 88ER are investigated in a Lagrangian view. The Yellow Sea and East China Sea (YSECS) are identified as the most significant moisture source region (84.42%), followed by South Korea (KR), the eastern China (EC) and Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), which contribute 12.52%, 1.52% and 1.43% of the released moisture, respectively. Furthermore, to assess the sensitivity of moisture fluxes and heavy rainfall to the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the YSECS, an additional WRF model experiment is conducted in which the SST anomalies are replaced by the average SST over the past 30 years. It is found that the SST anomalies in the YSECS cause differences in atmospheric circulation, and therefore exert a strong influence on moisture transport. The SST anomalies finally enhance the moisture contribution of the YSECS by 1.72%, but decrease that over KR, EC and DPRK by 1.03%, 0.35% and 0.33%, respectively.
The impact and mechanism analysis of preceding sea surface temperature anomalies on summer runoff in the Yangtze River basin and its southern region
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Qin Jun , Ren Hong‐Li 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Yangtze River basin (YRB) and its southern region in China (20°–34°N, 104°–123°E, YRBSC) are highly susceptible to climate change and experience extreme hydrological events. To understand the spatial and temporal distribution of summer runoff in these regions, a statistical diagnosis method was applied using monthly mean runoff grid data, global Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data and meteorological reanalysis data from 1980 to 2022. The analysis revealed that variations in the isotropic phase within the YRBSC and the north–south inverse phase with the Yangtze River as the boundary are the main modes of summer runoff. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between winter SST anomalies (SSTAs) and late summer runoff in the YRBSC, as determined through singular value decomposition (SVD). In the first type of positive SSTA years, the eastward advance of the South Asian high pressure (SAH) and westward shift of the subtropical high pressure (SH) result in sufficient water vapour, strong upward movement and increased summer runoff. The second type of positive SSTA years exhibits a westward retreat of the SAH, upward movement north of 28°N, and downward movement between 20°N and 28°N. These conditions, combined with water vapour intermixing and dispersion, lead to a northward increase and southward decrease of summer runoff in the YRBSC, with the boundary at 28°N. Additionally, the study analysed the extreme drought situation observed in the YRB during the summer of 2022. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for ecological environmental protection, water resource planning and management in the region.
Improving the antibiotic duration of therapy with the implementation of antimicrobial lanyard cards and education in a regional hospital
Authors: Ball Lisa , Fowler Tyrone , Daveson Kathryn 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing evidence to support reducing antibiotic duration of therapy (DoT). The Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic (version 16 [TG]) have been updated accordingly. However, these recommendations are not consistently followed.AimThe project aimed to reduce antibiotic DoT for common infections using antimicrobial lanyard cards and education.MethodA retrospective pre‐ and post‐implementation audit was undertaken to examine whether antimicrobial stewardship education and lanyard cards defined DoT per infection and severity in accordance with the TG improved antibiotic DoT for common respiratory, urinary, abdominal, and skin infections. Cards were distributed to doctors and pharmacists, with education delivered by an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) pharmacist. This project was exempt due to the local policy requirements that constitute research by the Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference no: EX/2022/QTDD/86644). The justification for this ethics exemption was as follows: the study conformed with the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ethical considerations in quality assurance and evaluation activities; education was incorporated as part of routine, scheduled sessions ran at Toowoomba hospital and staff were provided with information on the project as part of the education; consent was not required from staff to attend the education nor for using the lanyard cards; the research did not include any assessment of the education program, use of lanyard cards, or involvement of staff.ResultsFor all patients an improvement was found in the percentage of antibiotics prescribed per the TG (55–72%, p = 0.0095). This included statistically significant differences for respiratory (42–89%, p = 0.0002), but not for urinary (87–91%, p = 0.99), skin (58–77%, p = 0.3039), or abdominal infections (48–44%, p = 0.6990). The mean total excess treatment days decreased across all infections from 1.86 to 0.95 days (p = 0.0036, 95% confidence interval = −1.52 to −0.30).ConclusionThe introduction of antibiotic DoT cards, with AMS education, can improve antimicrobial prescribing in line with the TG in a regional hospital.
Herbal and dietary supplement induced liver injury leading to hepatitis‐associated severe aplastic anemia: A case report
Authors: Mercedes Rebecca , Harpavat Sanjiv , Hertel Paula M. , Sasa Ghadir , Kirk Susan , Patel Kalyani , Mysore Krupa R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerbal and dietary supplements (HDS) are a common etiology of drug induced liver injury and, specifically, Herbalife® supplements have been implicated. Hepatitis associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is a rare and potentially fatal complication after acute hepatitis characterized by pancytopenia. While there have been rare cases of HDS leading to HAAA, no cases of Herbalife® induced liver injury leading to HAAA have been reported from this specific HDS. We report a unique case of severe aplastic anemia developing after sub‐fulminant liver failure associated with chronic HDS use. This case illustrates the importance of warning the public about HDS as their use continues to increase. It is not only important to recognize HDS as etiology, but also for healthcare providers to carefully monitor these patients after resolution of liver injury for the development of HAAA.
Influencing factors and mechanisms on consumers' behavior: A case of tea tourism in China
Authors: Li Xiubai , Li Zhaorui , Kim Dongsan , Yuan Yuan , Zhang Jihao , Shui Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study explores the factors affecting tea tourism, including the action mechanisms and the impact level of each factor influencing consumer behavior intentions, to contribute to predicting tea tourism consumer behavior. This study surveyed 377 potential tea tourists and constructed a theoretical model of tea tourism consumers' planned behavior using SPSS and AMOS. The results show that: (a) The experiential perception and opportunity perception of tea tourists can significantly affect their attitudes, (b) The self‐efficacy perception and convenience perception of tea tourists can significantly affect their perceptual control, and (c) The attitude of tea tourists can significantly positively influence their behavioral intention. This study not only broadens the applications boundary of the theory of planned behavior, but it also provides a new perspective for research on the behavioral awareness of tea tourism consumers. The findings have implications for predicting and promoting future tea tourism in China and beyond.
Ultrahigh Transverse Mode Purity by Enhanced Modal Filtering in Double‐Clad Single‐Ring Hollow‐Core Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Luo Zhuozhao , Huang Jiapeng , Zheng Yu , Yin Ruochen , Zhang Long , Jiang Xin , Pang Meng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMaintaining high fundamental mode purity in low‐loss single‐ring hollow‐core photonic crystal fiber remains a key challenge. Here a double‐clad anti‐resonant‐reflecting design is reported that, through modal filtering, provides high suppression of higher‐order modes while maintaining a low‐loss fundamental mode. The structure consists of a ring of six thin‐walled capillaries fused to the inner wall of a thicker‐walled capillary that is in turn fused at a single point to the silica outer cladding. Greater than 40 dB m−1 suppression of higher order modes over a 6 nm wide window whose central wavelength can be tuned by adjusting the gas pressure is observed. The novel design paves the way to practical applications of such fibers in high‐quality laser beam delivery and low‐noise optical‐signal transmission.
The Isothermal Melting Kinetics of Ultra‐High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Crystals
Authors: Xue Jianwei , Lu Yaguang , Wang Binghua , Chen Jingbo , Shen Changyu , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe isothermal melting behaviors of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with different entangled states (i.e., nascent and melt‐crystallized samples) are studied. For two kinds of UHMWPE samples, the result shows that the relative content of survived crystals (Xs) exponentially decreases with time and reaches a constant value. It is suggested that such a melting behavior is related to the observed nonlinear growth of crystals induced by the kinetically rejected entanglements accumulated at the growth front. Additionally, the exponential decay of Xs with time provides a characteristic melting time (τ) for the melting process. Compared to the melt‐crystallized UHMWPE, the τ value of nascent UHMWPE is generally longer even in a higher temperature range, which is mainly because the former has a larger entanglement density difference. Furthermore, these observations demonstrate that UHMWPEs with different entangled states have an analogous melting mechanism since they exhibit a similar melting activation energy (≈1300 kJ mol−1).