bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of stenting with emergency surgery as palliative treatment for obstructing primary left-sided colorectal cancer
Authors: Law W L , Choi H K , Chu K W 
Published: October 2003

Abstract

Background
Self-expanding metallic stents provide an alternative to surgery as definitive palliation in patients with obstructing colorectal cancer. This study aimed to compare the outcome of patients with obstruction due to primary left-sided colorectal cancer treated by palliative stenting with outcome in patients who had undergone surgery.

Methods
Patients with incurable obstructing primary colorectal cancer distal to the splenic flexure treated with emergency surgery (n = 31) or placement of a metallic stent (n = 30) from November 1997 to June 2002 were included. Data on the mortality, morbidity, necessity of intensive care and hospital stay for the two groups were compared. The subsequent outcomes, including the incidence of stoma creation and survival, were also analysed.

Results
The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex distribution and presence of co-morbidity. Insertion of metallic stents was successful in 29 of 30 patients. Hospital death occurred in four and eight patients in the study and control groups respectively (P = 0·335). Fewer patients with placement of a stent required intensive care (1 versus 11; P = 0·001) and the median hospital stay was shorter in patients with stenting (4 versus 8 days; P = 0·008). A stoma was subsequently created in four patients with stenting, whereas 15 patients who had emergency operation required a stoma (P = 0·005). The difference in median survival between the two groups was not statistically significant (107 versus 119 days; P = 0·088).

Conclusion
Self-expanding metallic stents are effective in the palliation of obstructing colorectal cancer. Placement of stents is associated with a shorter hospital stay, less likelihood of intensive care and a lower incidence of stoma creation, when compared with emergency surgery. Thus insertion of a metallic stent should be considered in patients with incurable obstructing colorectal cancer.
Role of postoperative computed tomography in patients with severe liver injury
Authors: Demetriades D , Karaiskakis M , Alo K , Velmahos G , Murray J , Asensio J 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackgroundThe role of postoperative computed tomography (CT) in asymptomatic patients with severe liver injury has not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature and incidence of significant liver-related abnormalities detected by postoperative CT in asymptomatic patients with severe liver injury.MethodsThis was a prospective study of survivors with severe liver injury (grades III–V) who were treated surgically. The patients underwent CT to evaluate the liver after operation, irrespective of symptoms.ResultsDuring the study interval there were 181 patients with severe liver injury, of whom 49 fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. The overall incidence of liver-related complications detected by CT was 49 per cent (necrotic areas in the liver in seven patients, seven bilomas, four abscesses, three perihepatic collections and three false aneurysms). In the subgroup of 17 asymptomatic patients CT revealed four abnormalities: two large bilomas, one false aneurysm and one fluid collection. Two of these patients required therapeutic intervention and the other two remained under observation.ConclusionIn view of the incidence of asymptomatic significant liver abnormalities following operative management of severe liver injury, it is recommended that these patients undergo routine postoperative CT.
Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed with mini-instruments
Authors: Sarli L , Iusco D , Gobbi S , Porrini C , Ferro M , Roncoroni L 
Published: October 2003

Abstract

Background
The outcomes after traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC; one 10-mm port, one 12-mm port and two 5-mm ports) and minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy (MLC; three 3-mm ports and one 12-mm port) for gallstone disease were compared.

Methods
The study was a randomized, single-blind trial comparing LC with MLC. Only elective patients were eligible for inclusion. LC was a routine procedure at the institution in which the study was performed, whereas MLC was introduced after a short training period. The randomization period was from January to December 2001.

Results
Of 175 patients who had elective minimal access cholecystectomy during the randomization period, 135 entered the trial: 68 underwent LC and 67 underwent MLC. The groups were matched for age, sex and preoperative characteristics. Median (range) operating times for LC and MLC were similar (45 (20–120) and 50 (20–170) min respectively). Intraoperative and postoperative complication rates, the time for the patient to resume walking, eating and passing stools, and median hospital stay were the same in the two groups. The level of postoperative pain was lower in the MLC group at 1 h (P = 0·011), 3 h (P = 0·012), 6 h (P = 0·003), 12 h (P = 0·052) and 24 h (P = 0·034). Patients who had MLC received fewer injections of analgesic (P = 0·036) and more patients in this group expressed satisfaction with the cosmetic result (P = 0·001).

Conclusion
MLC took a similar time to perform and caused less postoperative pain than the standard laparoscopic procedure. Reducing the port size further enhanced the advantages of laparoscopic over open cholecystectomy.
Duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy for end-stage chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Alexakis N , Ghaneh P , Connor S , Raraty M , Sutton R , Neoptolemos J P 
Published: October 2003

AbstractBackgroundTotal pancreatectomy may be warranted in patients with advanced chronic pancreatitis in whom partial resection has failed and in those with end-stage pancreatic function. A new operation, duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy, is described.MethodsNineteen consecutive patients with chronic pancreatitis who had duodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy were studied.ResultsThere were 15 men and four women with a median age of 40 (range 29–64) years. The aetiology was alcohol misuse in nine, hereditary pancreatitis in five and idiopathic in five patients. All patients had chronic intractable abdominal pain. Six had undergone pancreatic surgery previously and one had had multiple coeliac plexus blocks. There were ten postoperative complications in five patients, and one hospital death. The median hospital stay was 25 (range 10–84) days. There was a reduction in pain (P &lt; 0·001) and analgesic use (P &lt; 0·001) after surgery, and weight gain was noted at 12 and 24 months (P &lt; 0·001). Nine patients required readmission to hospital, four because of surgical complications: adhesional obstruction in one, biliary stricture in two and duodenal obstruction in one. In the other five patients (four of whom had long-standing pre-existing diabetes mellitus) readmission was for better control of pain (three patients), diabetes mellitus (two), and diabetes-associated diarrhoea (two) or gastropathy (one).ConclusionDuodenum- and spleen-preserving total pancreatectomy has a role in selected patients with medically intractable pain from chronic pancreatitis.
Prediction of tumour involvement in remaining axillary lymph nodes when the sentinel node in a woman with breast cancer contains metastases
Authors: Nos C , Harding-MacKean C , Fréneaux P , Trie A , Falcou M C , Sastre-Garau X , Clough K B 
Published: October 2003

Abstract

Background
In a significant proportion of women with breast cancer, the sentinel node is the only involved node in the axilla. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with histologically positive non-sentinel lymph nodes.

Methods
Between 1997 and 2002, 800 women with early breast cancer underwent sentinel node biopsy. In 263 patients the node contained metastases, including 83 with micrometastases detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), 40 micrometastases detected on haematoxylin, eosin and safranine (HES) staining, and 140 macrometastases. All clinical and histological criteria were recorded and analysed with reference to histology of the non-sentinel node.

Results
The risk of metastasis in the non-sentinel lymph node was related to the volume of the tumour in the sentinel node. Non-sentinel nodes were involved in five (6·0 per cent) of 83 women when the sentinel node contained only micrometastatic cells detected on IHC, and in three (7·5 per cent) of 40 women when micrometastases were detected by HES, compared with 55 (39·3 per cent) of 140 when the sentinel node contained macrometastases on HES staining. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between non-sentinel node involvement and type of metastasis within the sentinel node, clinical primary tumour size, palpable axillary lymph nodes before operation, pathological primary tumour size and the presence of peritumoral lymphovascular invasion. On multivariate analysis, the type of metastasis within the sentinel node (P &lt; 0·001), histological tumour size greater than 20 mm (P = 0·017) and the presence of palpable axillary nodes before operation (P = 0·014) remained significant.

Conclusion
Clinical and pathological factors associated with sentinel node histology can reliably predict women for whom further axillary clearance is recommended, but it is not yet possible to determine a subgroup of patients in whom the sentinel node is the only involved node and for whom further axillary treatment may be unnecessary.
Prognostic factors in resection of pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer
Authors: Watanabe I , Arai T , Ono M , Sugito M , Kawashima K , Ito M , Nagai K , Saito N 
Published: October 2003

Abstract

Background
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate characteristics of primary colorectal cancer and pulmonary metastases in order to identify prognostic factors for overall survival and risk factors for further intrapulmonary recurrence after resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer.

Methods
Forty-nine patients who underwent resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer were reviewed. The factors assessed were age, sex, pathological findings of the original colorectal cancer (depth, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, differentiation, Dukes' stage) and pulmonary metastasis (maximum tumour size, number of tumours, completeness of resection), serum carcinoembryonic antigen level, previous hepatectomy for liver metastases, and surgical procedure for resection of pulmonary metastasis. Overall survival and intrapulmonary recurrence were also reviewed.

Results
Survival rates after resection of pulmonary metastases were 78 per cent at 3 years and 56 per cent at 5 years. Solitary pulmonary metastases were significantly correlated with survival (P = 0·049). The pathological features of the primary colorectal cancer had no impact on survival. Histologically incomplete resection of pulmonary metastasis significantly correlated with pulmonary re-recurrence (P = 0·034).

Conclusion
Long-term survival can be expected after complete resection of pulmonary metastases arising from colorectal cancer, especially in patients with a solitary pulmonary metastasis.
Carcinoid tumour of the appendix
Authors: Goede A C , Caplin M E , Winslet M C 
Published: October 2003

Abstract

Background
Appendiceal carcinoid tumours are found in 0·3–0·9 per cent of patients undergoing appendicectomy. Controversy exists over the management following appendicectomy, especially with regard to the role of right hemicolectomy in patients with tumours smaller than 2 cm in diameter.

Methods and results
The literature pertaining to the behaviour of appendiceal carcinoids was reviewed in order to formulate indications for right hemicolectomy. Metastatic disease from appendiceal carcinoids is a rare occurrence, but is more common when lesions are larger than 2 cm in diameter. The risk–benefit balance of right hemicolectomy needs to be better defined, and an improved understanding of tumour cell biology may aid prognostic accuracy and decision-making.

Conclusion
There is limited evidence on which to base clear indications for right hemicolectomy in patients with a diagnosis of appendiceal carcinoid. Acceptable indications are carcinoids larger than 2 cm in size, any high-grade malignant carcinoid (including those with a high mitotic index), mesoappendiceal invasion, lesions at the base of the appendix with tumour-positive margins, and goblet cell adenocarcinoid tumours.
Letter 1: Cold provocation testing and hand-arm vibration syndrome—an audit of the results of the Department of Trade and Industry for the evaluation of miners (Br J Surg 2003; 90: 1076–1079)
Authors: Lindsell C J 
Published: October 2003

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses can be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk) or by post. All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length. Letters submitted by post should be typed on A4-sized paper in double spacing and should be accompanied by a disk.
Determination of the compositions of polysaccharides from Chinese herbs by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection
Authors: Wang Qingjiang , Ding Fei , Zhu Ningning , He Pingang , Fang Yuzhi 
Published: October 2003

AbstractIn this paper, capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CZE‐AD) was applied to determine the compositions of hetero‐polysaccharides from Chinese herbs, Angelica sinensis and ﬂax by analyzing their hydrolyzed monosaccharides: fucose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose. Under the selected optimum conditions, the six monosaccharides could be perfectly separated within 25 min and showed signiﬁcant current responses at copper electrodes. The linear ranges of the six monosaccharides were all from 5.0 × 10−6 to 2.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 and their detection limits were lower or near 1.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 (S/N = 3). Experiments showed that the Angelica sinensis polysaccharide was composed of fucose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose (mole ratio 1.0:13.6:15.0:8.7:21.3:3.7), and the ﬂax polysaccharide was composed of galactose, glucose and arabinose (mole ratio 1.0:4.98:1.1). The purity of these polysaccharides leached by the introduced leaching method was 98.3 and 97.6%, respectively. Analyzing polysaccharides by this method has some merits of speed, simple instrumentation and operation, high sensitivity and high reproducibility. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enantioselective determination of arotinolol in human plasma by HPLC using teicoplanin chiral stationary phase
Authors: Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. , Hefnawy Mohamed M. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA sensitive enantioselective high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated to determine S‐(+)‐ and R‐(−)‐arotinolol in human plasma. Baseline resolution was achieved by using teicoplanin macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phase (CSP) known as Chirobiotic T with a polar organic mobile phase consisting of methanol:glacial acetic acid:triethylamine, 100:0.1:0.1, (v/v/v) at a ﬂow rate of 0.8 mL/min and UV detection set at 317 nm. Human plasma was spiked with stock solution of arotinolol enantiomers and labetalol as the internal standard. The assay involved the use of liquid–liquid extraction procedure with ethyl ether under alkaline condition for human plasma sample prior to HPLC analysis. Recoveries for S‐(+)‐ and R‐(−)‐arotinolol enantiomers were in the range 93–103% at 200–1400 ng/mL level. Intra‐day and inter‐day precision calculated as %RSD was in the ranges 1.3–3.4 and 1.9–4.5% for both enantiomers, respectively. Intra‐day and inter‐day accuracies calculated as percentage error were in the ranges 1.2–3.5 and 1.5–6.2% for both enantiomers, respectively. Linear calibration curves in the concentration range 100–1500 ng/mL for each enantiomer showed a correlation coefﬁcient (r) of 0.9998. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for each enantiomer in human plasma were 100 and 50 ng/mL (S/N = 3), respectively. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct injection HPLC method for the determination of selected phenothiazines in plasma using a Hisep column
Authors: Pistos C. , Stewart James T. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractA direct plasma injection HPLC method has been developed for the determination of selected phenothiazines (promethazine, promazine, chlorpromazine) using a Hisep column. The method is easy to perform and requires 20 µL of a ﬁltered plasma sample. The chromatographic run time is less than 11 min using a mobile phase of 15:85 v/v acetonitrile–0.18 m ammonium acetate pH 5.0 and UV detection at 254 nm. The method is linear in the concentration range 0.1–25 µg mL−1 (r > 0.99, n = 6) for each analyte with RSD less than 6%. Interday and intraday variability were found to be ≤14%. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.1 (S/N > 3) and 0.25 µg mL−1 (S/N > 10), respectively, for each of the three phenothiazines. We can also apply this method to separate three other phenothiazines (ethopromazine, triﬂuoroperazine, prochlorperazine), although it lacks the selectivity to determine the concentration of all six drugs concurrently. The separation is feasible using these drugs in certain combinations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine in abusers' plasma and hair samples with HPLC‐FL
Authors: Nakashima Kenichiro , Kaddoumi Amal , Ishida Yukihiro , Itoh Takachika , Taki Kenji 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThis paper describes highly sensitive HPLC methods for the determination of amphetamine (AP) and methamphetamine (MP) in abusers' plasma and hair samples. AP and MP were derivatized with the ﬂuorescent reagent, DIB‐Cl, to yield a highly ﬂuorescent DIB‐derivatives of AP and MP, which were then analyzed by HPLC with ﬂuorescence detection at excitation and emission wavelengths of 325 and 430 nm, respectively. The separation was achieved on an ODS column with isocratic mobile phases composed of acetoniltrile and citrate buffer (55:45, v/v) for plasma samples and of acetonitrile–methanol–citrate buffer (45:20:37.5, v/v/v) for hair samples. The limits of detection were less than 0.87 ng/mL and 0.12 ng/mg in plasma and hair samples, respectively, for both AP and MP. The methods were then applied to the determination of MP and its metabolite AP in plasma obtained from two cases of illegally ingested MP and in one of the cases' hair received later. Case I was treated with dialysis; samples before and after dialysis were analyzed by the described method. After dialysis for 5 h, the total plasma levels of AP and MP decreased from 720 to 190 ng/mL. For case II, MP and AP levels were monitored for 3 days after digestion. Total plasma levels decreased from 57 ng/mL in the day of digestion to 11 ng/mL after 3 days. In hair samples, AP and MP could also be detected in very low concentrations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identiﬁcation and determination of ecdysone and phenylpropanoid glucoside and ﬂavonoids in Lamium maculatum by capillary zone electrophoresis
Authors: Shuya Cui , Xingguo Chen , Zhide Hu 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe simultaneous determination of 20‐hydroxy ecdysone (1), 3,7‐dimethoxy‐quercetin (2), acteoside (3) and rutin (4) in the mixture of leaf and stem, and the ﬂower of Lamium maculatum has been investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis for the ﬁrst time. With an electrolyte containing 30 mmol/L borate, at pH 9.47 and 20 kV applied voltage, the four active compounds were completely separated within 5 min with satisfactory results. The effects of concentration of borate and electrolyte pH on electrophoretic behavior and separation were studied. Regression equations revealed linear relationships (correlation coefﬁcients 0.9998–0.9999) between the peak area of each analyte and the concentration. The levels of analytes in the different parts of Lamium maculatum were easily determined with recoveries ranging from 98.3 to 105.0%. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the calculation of cross‐correlation spectral density functions within the model‐free approach
Authors: Canet Daniel , Bouguet‐Bonnet Sabine , Mutzenhardt Pierre 
Published: October 2003

AbstractComprehensive calculations are performed with the aim of arriving at a ready‐to‐use form for cross‐correlation spectral density functions. Axial symmetry is assumed for tensors associated with the two interactions involved in the cross‐correlation spectral density. Moreover, the derived formulas stem from the hypotheses of the “model‐free” approach, i.e., a (generally fast) local motion superposed to a (generally slow) molecular tumbling. The restriction of fast local motions imposes the definition of two different order parameters S and S′ associated with the principal direction of the two considered interactions and it is the product of these order parameters, which is present in the general expression of a spectral density function. The latter includes two terms. The first one corresponds to fast local motions and involves the factor 1/2(3 cos2α − 1), where α is the angle made by the symmetry axes of the two considered tensors. The second term concerns only molecular tumbling sensed by a (virtual) director. Finally, it is shown that, consistently with the model‐free approach, the product SS′ can be expressed as 1/2(3 cos2α − 1)S2 so that 1/2(3 cos2α − 1) factorizes the spectral density function. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 19A: 65–70, 2003.
Thermal relaxation and coherence dynamics of spin 3/2. II. Strong radio‐frequency field
Authors: van der Maarel Johan R.C. 
Published: October 2003

AbstractThe relaxation dynamics of the spin‐3/2 density operator under strong, on‐resonance radio‐frequency (RF) irradiation and in the presence of fluctuating and static quadrupolar interactions is reviewed. The evolution under the lock is analyzed for any value of the static quadrupolar interaction, ranging from isotropic systems to systems exhibiting large splitting far exceeding the line widths. For isotropic systems, relaxation under off‐resonance spin‐locking conditions and in the multiple‐pulse quadrupolar echo (QE) experiment is reviewed also. Spin‐lock pulse sequences optimized for the selective detection of nuclei involved in slow molecular motion and/or in anisotropic, liquid crystalline environment are discussed. In Part I, the classical relaxation dynamics of spin 3/2 was reviewed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 19A: 117–133, 2003.
Nuclear magnetic resonance data processing. MestRe‐C: A software package for desktop computers
Authors: Cobas Juan Carlos , Sardina F. Javier 
Published: October 2003

AbstractMagnetic Resonance Companion (MestRe‐C) is a software package that offers state‐of‐the‐art facilities for data processing, visualization, and analysis of high‐resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, combined with a robust, user‐friendly graphical interface that fully exploits the power and flexibility of the Windows platform. The program provides a variety of conversion facilities for most NMR spectrometer formats and includes all the conventional processing, displaying, and plotting capabilities of an NMR program, as well as more advanced processing techniques. A brief review of the basic concepts of NMR data processing is included also. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 19A: 80–96, 2003.