bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cobalt/MXene‐derived TiO2 Heterostructure as a Functional Separator Coating to Trap Polysulfide and Accelerate Redox Kinetics for Reliable Lithium‐sulfur Battery
Authors: Chang Zhihua , Liu Wendong , Feng Junan , Lin Zenghui , Shi Chuan , Wang Tianyi , Lei Yaojie , Zhao Xiaoxian , Song Jianjun , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: December 2023

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are one of the most potential new energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity (1675 mAh g−1) and high energy density (2600 Wh kg−1). However, the application of Li−S batteries is currently restricted due to the dissolution of polysulfides in the electrolyte, which leads to the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Here, we present a Co@MXene‐derived TiO2 heterostructure decorated on carbon sheets derived from folic acid (Co@M‐TiO2/C) as a functional separator coating to trap polysulfide and accelerate redox kinetics in Li−S batteries. The interconnected porous structure with good electrical conductivity of the heterostructure boasts rapid ion diffusion and efficient electron transfer within the battery. By attaching Co and MXene‐derived dual‐phased TiO2 to two‐dimensional carbon sheets, heterostructures are formed, ensuring complete exposure of the active sites. These heterostructures exhibit catalytic effects on LiPSs and excellent adsorption capabilities, effectively inhibiting the shuttle effect and accelerating the redox kinetics. Considering these advantages, the Li−S battery with the optimized Co@M‐TiO2/C modified separator demonstrates a high specific capacity of 1481.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, superior rate performance of 855.5 mAh g−1 at 2 C, and excellent cycling performance under a high sulfur load of 4.4 mg cm−2.
Si Miao San relieves hyperuricemia by regulating intestinal flora
Authors: Qian Yue , Shen Yan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study seeks to investigate the therapeutic effects of Si Miao San (SMS) on hyperuricemia and its underlying mechanisms, particularly focusing on the role of intestinal flora. The key components of SMS were identified using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To establish a rat model of hyperuricemia, an intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate was performed, followed by oral administration of various concentrations of SMS. The study evaluated the status of hyperuricemia, renal pathology, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, and intestinal flora. Utilizing HPLC, we identified five active components of SMS. Following SMS intervention, there was a significant reduction in serum levels of uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, accompanied by an increase in urine UA levels in rats with hyperuricemia. Distinct pathological injuries were evident in the renal tissues of hyperuricemic rats, and these were partially alleviated following SMS intervention. Moreover, SMS exhibited a dose‐dependent reduction in XO activity both in the serum and hepatic tissues. Notably, SMS contributed to an enhancement in the diversity of intestinal flora in hyperuricemic rats. The intervention of SMS resulted in a reduction in the abundance of certain bacterial species, including Parabacteroides johnsonii, Corynebacterium urealyticum, and Burkholderiales bacterium. This suggests that SMS may exert anti‐hyperuricemia effects, potentially by modulating the composition of intestinal flora.
Anthemis tricolor Containing Unusual Totarol with Cytotoxic and Acetylcholinesterase‐Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Yücel Yücel Yasemin , Servi Hüseyin , Polatoğlu Kaan , Nalbantsoy Ayşe 
Published: December 2023

AbstractAnthemis tricolor is an endemic species of Cyprus, and there is very limited information on its chemistry and pharmacological activities. The study aims to identify the in‐vitro cytotoxic and acetylcholinesterase activities of Anthemis tricolor. The compounds responsible for the activities were also identified. Potent extracts of A. tricolor were subjected to preparative isolation and spectral structure determination studies. The chloroform extract contained many components, and due to the small quantity of extract available, enough pure compound(s) cannot be obtained for structure determination studies, though the n‐hexane extract afforded two known compounds, totarol (1) and taraxasterol (2). The structures of the compounds (1 and 2) were determined by 1H and 13C NMR experiments. The pure compounds were also tested for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. For compound 1, the IC50 value was found to be 87.88 μg/mL. However, no inhibition was seen for 2. Anthemis tricolor was established to be a valuable source of pharmacologically active compounds and requires further studies.
Selenium content, chemical composition and volatile components of essential oil and hydrosol from flowers of Cardamine violifolia
Authors: Wu Muci , Ma Yan , Yin Jinjing , Wang Jingyi , Rao Shen , He Jingren , Zhang Rui , Xiong Yin 
Published: December 2023

AbstractCardamine violifolia is a unique selenium hyperaccumulating vegetable in China, but its flowers are commonly wasted in large‐scale cultivation. To better utilize this resource, this study explored the selenium content, chemical composition, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of hydro‐distilling essential oil (EO) and hydrosol from C. violifolia flowers. ICP‐MS results indicated that the EO and hydrosol contained selenium reaching 13.66±2.82 mg/kg and 0.0084±0.0013 mg/kg, respectively. GC‐MS analysis revealed that organic acids, hydrocarbons, and amines were the main components of EO. Additionally, benzyl nitrile, benzaldehyde, benzyl isothiocyanate, benzyl alcohol, megastigmatrienone, and 2‐methoxy‐4‐vinylphenol also existed in considerable amounts. The hydrosol extract had fewer components, mainly amines. HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS corresponded to the composition analysis and aromatic compounds were the prevalent VOCs, while HS‐GC‐IMS primarily identified C2‐C10 molecular alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, and sulfur‐containing compounds. This study first described the chemical composition and VOC profiles of EO and hydrosol from selenium hyperaccumulating plant.
In vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of Lappaconitine derivatives as potential anti‐inflammatory agents
Authors: Xiao Yan , Han Meng , Chen Ying , Li Yu‐Zhu , Zhang Yin‐Yong , Chen Lin , Huang Shuai , Zhou Xian‐Li 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNatural products and their derivatives are a precious treasure in the pursuit of potent anti‐inflammatory drugs. In this work, we measured the toxicity of 78 LA derivatives at 20 μM using MTT, then we evaluated the NO release of compounds without obvious toxicity in LPS‐induced RAW.264.7 by Griess reagent, we identified three compounds, namely compounds 6, 19, 70, which exhibited promising anti‐inflammatory potential. These compounds exhibited IC50 values of 10.34±2.05 μM, 18.18±4.80 μM and 15.66±0.88 μM. In addition, through ELISA kits, compounds 6, 19, 70 significantly reduce the production of inflammatory factors (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β). Real‐time PCR and western blot analysis showed that compounds 6, 19, 70 inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX‐2. Notably, compound 6 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity. In vitro, it inhibits LPS‐induced phosphorylation of NF‐κB p65, IκBα, ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPKs in RAW264.7 cells. In vivo, compound 6 potently inhibits the secretion of inflammatory mediators and neutrophil activation in ALI mice. Our findings suggest that compound 6 may be a potential anti‐inflammatory drug.
Two New Compounds Isolated from the Itea omeiensis and Their Anti‐oxidant Activities
Authors: Feng Yunqian , Jian Jinzhen , Cheng Longdie , Luo Guoyong , Yang Wude 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTwo new compounds (1–2) together with ten known compounds (3–12) were isolated for the first time from the 95 % EtOH extract of aerial parts of Itea omeiensis. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison with published data. The structure of 1 was further confirmed through single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, and circular dichroism (CD) spectrum in combination with acid hydrolysis was employed for the absolute configuration determination of 2. Compound 1 was the first 2‐arylbenzo[b]furan with an extra six‐membered lactone ring from Itea plants. Anti‐oxidant assays indicated that compound 1 possessed significant radical scavenging effects on 1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS⋅+) with IC50 values of 0.14 and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively, which were comparable to the positive control of ascorbic acid. However, no obvious anti‐hepatocellular carcinoma activity was observed for compounds 1 and 2.
Enhancing 2‐Pyrone Synthase Efficiency by High‐Throughput Mass‐Spectrometric Quantification and In Vitro/In Vivo Catalytic Performance Correlation
Authors: Zhou Yu , Zhou Shuaizhen , Lyons Scott , Sun Haoran , Sweedler Jonathan V. , Lu Yi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractEngineering efficient biocatalysts is essential for metabolic engineering to produce valuable bioproducts from renewable resources. However, due to the complexity of cellular metabolic networks, it is challenging to translate success in vitro into high performance in cells. To meet such a challenge, an accurate and efficient quantification method is necessary to screen a large set of mutants from complex cell culture and a careful correlation between the catalysis parameters in vitro and performance in cells is required. In this study, we employed a mass‐spectrometry based high‐throughput quantitative method to screen new mutants of 2‐pyrone synthase (2PS) for triacetic acid lactone (TAL) biosynthesis through directed evolution in E. coli. From the process, we discovered two mutants with the highest improvement (46 fold) in titer and the fastest kcat (44 fold) over the wild type 2PS, respectively, among those reported in the literature. A careful examination of the correlation between intracellular substrate concentration, Michaelis‐Menten parameters and TAL titer for these two mutants reveals that a fast reaction rate under limiting intracellular substrate concentrations is important for in‐cell biocatalysis. Such properties can be tuned by protein engineering and synthetic biology to adopt these engineered proteins for the maximum activities in different intracellular environments.
Decoding unusual MR findings: Spinal cord edema in atypical cervical spondylotic myelopathy—A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Qingrun , Wang Dachuan 
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a young man with a slow progression of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mild cervical discbulging at C5–C6 and an area of atypically enlarged intramedullary high signal intensity extending from C4–C7 (T2‐weighted) with contrast enhancement at C5–C6 (T1‐weighted). Neurological and radiological diagnoses tend to favor demyelinating diseases, which interfere with the diagnosis of CSM. Patients were followed up and examined by MRI at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery. The patient's symptoms improved immediately postoperatively. The functional result according to the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score improved from 10 to 13 within 3 months. He continued to improve neurologically over the first postoperative year. Two years postoperatively, a T2‐weighted MRI showed that the edema signal had disappeared completely, and a fat‐saturated T2‐weighted MRI showed only slight abnormal signal. The numbness and weakness of the extremities had improved, and his JOA score was 16. Spinal cord edema is occasionally seen with CSM. In the case presented, the contrast enhancement was localized at the site of the greatest narrowing of the spinal canal and compression of the spinal cord. This coincidence was the best indicator of a mechanical cause of the spinal cord changes. This feature should increase physician's confidence in distinguishing CSM from intramedullary tumors and myelitis. Surgical decompression may be beneficial in improving neurologic outcomes.
An Improved Manganese Pincer Catalyst for low Temperature Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide to Methanol
Authors: Neitzel Gordon , Razzaq Rauf , Spannenberg Anke , Stier Kenta , Checinski Marek P. , Jackstell Ralf , Beller Matthias 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA manganese pincer complex Mn‐2 for the homogeneously catalysed conversion of CO/H2 to methanol was developed using a novel PNP ligand design. Compared to the previous state‐of‐the‐art catalyst system Mn‐1, the presented Mn‐2 with different substituents at the P‐atoms led to a significant increase of the reaction rate (TOF up to >1600 h−1).
Plasma Technology Applications in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems
Authors: Luo Yingxin , Li Xiang , Zhang Xiaolei , Liu Jianxin , Deng Xiaoqing 
Published: December 2023

AbstractFuel cells have become a prominent research focus in the realm of clean energy, owing to their attributes of environmental sustainability, high efficiency, and renewable potential. The catalytic activity of electrode materials and the characteristics of proton exchange membranes are considered pivotal determinants of fuel cell performance. Plasma is abundant in high‐energy electrons and active species, proven to be a rapid, facile, and green approach for the preparation and treatment of catalytic materials and polymers. This review presents recent applications of plasma technology in proton exchange membrane fuel cells across four key dimensions: cathodes, anodes, proton exchange membranes, and process enhancement, including the preparation and treatment of noble metal catalysts, non‐noble metal catalysts, non‐metal catalysts, and polymer membranes. Furthermore, critical issues of plasma technology applied in PEMFCs were also discussed.
MOF‐Supported Heterogeneous Catalysts for Hydroformylation Reactions: A Minireview
Authors: Samanta Partha , Canivet Jerome 
Published: December 2023

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed hydroformylation reaction of olefins is one of the most important transformations in the perspective of both industrial applications and academic research. This synthetic process provides a straightforward and easy way for the transformations of inexpensive feedstock (mostly different alkene molecules) to valuable aldehyde compounds, which are considered as major building blocks for several essential chemical products. Inspired and motivated by the tremendous success of homogeneous catalysis for hydroformylation reactions, paramount interests have been raised for the design and development of active heterogeneous catalysts owning advantages from both molecular and material sciences. Crystalline metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as solid support to immobilize active catalysts for the hydroformylation reaction have shown appealing promises as heterogeneous catalysts. This review sketches out a decade of developments of MOF‐based heterogeneous catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins while discussing both advantages and limitations for their implementation beyond the lab scale.
Nanoparticles in Electrochemical Immunosensors – A Concept and Perspective
Authors: Polli Francesca , Simonetti Federica , Surace Luca , Agostini Marco , Favero Gabriele , Mazzei Franco , Zumpano Rosaceleste 
Published: December 2023

AbstractNanoparticle‐based electrochemical immunosensors are fascinating and promising screening systems that rely on the affinity binding between antibodies and antigens, allowing the specific detection of diverse types of targets (e. g., proteins, hormones, antibodies). The employment of nanoparticles in the realization of such devices dramatically improves the selectivity, sensitivity, and the transducer surface area for effectively immobilizing the bioreceptor or target molecules. During the last years, the nanoparticles design and fabrication was mainly focused on taking advantage from synergistic effects due to the coupling of different materials. In this review, we summarize the very recent advancements in this regard, with specific emphasis to nanoparticle syntheses procedures, antibody oriented immobilization strategies and transduction techniques. Moreover, the last trends and applications have been extensively discussed along with the remaining challenges and future perspectives.
Evaluation of a Ru‐bipod Complex as a Redox Transducer for Membrane‐Based Voltammetry of Anions**
Authors: Kalaei Nasib , Ide Mitsutoshi , Haga Masa‐aki , Arrigan Damien W. M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractMolecular redox compounds show promise for the development of solid contact ion selective electrodes (SC‐ISEs) for anion determinations. In this work, a hydrophobic bis‐tridentate Ru‐bipod complex was studied as a molecular redox transducer in voltammetric SC‐ISEs. Thin film voltammetric behavior was achieved in films comprised of the Ru‐bipod complex, polyvinylchloride (PVC) and a plasticiser, nitrophenyloctylether (NPOE). Importantly, the choice of plasticiser had a significant effect on the SC‐ISE response of the Ru‐bipod complex; i. e., voltammetric responses of the Ru‐bipod complex in NPOE films were sharper and more intense than in bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS) films. Moreover, addition of tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4‐chlorophenyl)borate (ETH 500) to the membrane had an unfavorable impact on detection of anions due to oxidation of this salt in the film. Although the thin film electrode showed close‐to‐Nernstian behavior in anion responses, the detection responses in the presence of very hydrophilic anions such as sulfate ion were shifted to higher potentials (>1 V) with a subsequent loss of sensitivity. Overall, the Ru‐bipod complex operates as a simple transducer in SC‐ISEs with benefits in anion detection.
Layered Oxide Material as a Highly Stable Na‐ion Source and Sink for Investigation of Sodium‐ion Battery Materials
Authors: Wu Fanglin , Li Huihua , Diemant Thomas , Mullaliu Angelo , Zhang Huang , Passerini Stefano 
Published: December 2023

AbstractInvestigating Na‐ion battery (SIB) materials is complicated by the absence of a well‐performing (reference) electrode material since sodium metal cannot be considered as a quasi‐reference electrode. Taking advantage of the activity of both Ni and Mn, herein, the P2‐type and Mn‐rich Na0.6Ni0.22Al0.11Mn0.66O2 (NAM) material, known to be an excellent positive electrode, is investigated as a negative electrode. To prove NAM stability as both positive and negative electrode, symmetric cells have been assembled without pre‐sodiation, which showed a reversible capacity of 73 mA h g−1 and a remarkable capacity retention of 82.6 % after 500 cycles. The outstanding cycling performance is ascribed to the high stability of the active material at both the highest and lowest Na‐ion storage plateaus and the rather limited electrolyte decomposition and solid‐electrolyte‐interphase (SEI) formation occurring. The long‐term stability of NAM at both electrodes enables its use as a “reference” electrode for the investigation of other positive and negative electrode materials for SIBs, resembling the role played by lithium titanate (LTO) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) in LIBs.
Recent Development in Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Theory, Integration and Prospective
Authors: Yang Yiping , Lei Jinyong , Huang Xurui , Liao Zihao , Liu Yang , Tu Zhengkai 
Published: December 2023

AbstractReversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOC) has gained widespread attention due to their potential for high efficiency in implementing multi‐energy distributed systems. When high power demand is required, RSOC can operate in the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) mode, directly converting the chemical energy from hydrogen or other renewable fuels into electricity. When excess electricity is available, RSOC can operate in the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) mode, producing fuels through the electrolysis of water or co‐electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide. The reversible operation of RSOC enables the direct conversion between chemical energy and electricity, offering a promising solution for clean and sustainable energy with low cost and high round‐trip efficiency. This paper introduces the research background and working principles of RSOC, provides a detailed overview of the current research status of electrolyte, fuel electrode, and oxygen electrode materials, discusses the optimization design of RSOC stacks and energy utilization strategies in the system. In addition, the future development directions of RSOC were also explored, which is of significant importance for the commercialization of RSOC.
Enhancing Fluorescence in Both Solution and Solid States Induced by Imine Cage Formation
Authors: Bhandari Pallab , Ahmed Shakil , Saha Rajib , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi 
Published: December 2023

AbstractDeveloping luminescent materials that exhibit strong emissions in both solution and solid phases is highly desirable and challenging. Herein, we report imine‐bond directed formation of a rigid organic cage (TPE‐cage) that was synthesized by [2+4] imine condensation of a TPE‐cored tetra‐aldehyde (TPE‐TA) with a clip‐like diamine (XA) to illustrate confinement‐induced fluorescence enhancement. Compared to the non‐emissive TPE‐TA (ϕF=0.26 %) in the dichloromethane (DCM) solution, the TPE‐cage achieved a remarkable (~520‐fold) emission enhancement (ϕF=70.38 %). In contrast, a monomeric tetra‐imine model compound (TPE‐model) showed only a minor enhancement (ϕF=0.56 %) in emission compared to the parent tetra‐aldehyde TPE‐TA. The emission of TPE‐cage was further enhanced by ~1.5‐fold (ϕF=80.96 %) in the aggregated state owing to aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE). This approach establishes the potential for synthesizing luminescent materials with high emission in both solution and solid‐state by employing a single‐step imine condensation reaction.
N‐Alkylimidazol‐5‐yl‐substituted Nitronyl Nitroxides and Their Mononuclear Cu(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Golomolzina Irina V. , Tolstikov Svyatoslav E. , Smirnova Kristina A. , Fokin Sergey V. , Letyagin Gleb A. , Romanenko Galina V. , Bogomyakov Artem S. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractA novel synthetic approach has been employed to synthesize a series of new nitronyl nitroxides: 2‐(1‐propyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐ (Ln−Pr), 2‐(1‐isopropyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐ (Li−Pr) and 2‐(1‐butyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazole‐3‐oxide‐1‐oxyl (Ln−Bu). The reaction of Cu(hfac)2 with LR in a 1 : 2 ratio yields mononuclear heterospin complexes [Cu(hfac)2(LR)2] (LR=Ln‐Pr, Li‐Pr, Ln‐Bu), which have a similar crystal structure to the “jumping” crystals [Cu(hfac)2(LMe)2] that exhibit chemomechanical activity. It was shown that an increase in the alkyl substituent R leads to changes in the crystal packing of the molecules and the absence of chemomechanical activity. Furthermore, it was found that two polymorph modifications of the heterospin complex [Cu(hfac)2(Ln−Pr)2] can be obtained, and magnetic properties of [Cu(hfac)2(Ln−Pr)2] strongly depend on the angle between the planes of the paramagnetic fragment O•–N‐C=N→O and the imidazole ring in Ln−Pr.