bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Speech Therapy in Sialorrhea Management and Quality of Life: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Olsson Sofia Eva , Chorney Stephen Reed , Brown Allison Tidwell , Johnson Romaine Fitzgerald , Kou Yann‐Fuu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the impact of an intensive and a less intensive speech therapy regimen on pediatric sialorrhea patient and caregiver quality of life (QoL) as described by drooling impact scales (DIS).MethodsA retrospective chart review included all pediatric patients from a secretion management clinic. There were two outpatient speech therapy programs: intensive (4 sessions/week for 3 weeks) and less intensive (2 sessions/week for 3 months). Both regimens included similar interventions including neuromuscular electrical stimulation and facial taping. The primary outcome measure was reduction in caregiver reported DIS after completing their designated program. Children observed without therapy also obtained DIS assessments overtime to measure potential changes in QoL.ResultsThere were 49 patients included in the study with a mean age of 7.5 years (SD = 4.6). The most common comorbidities were global developmental delay (n = 47; 96%), epilepsy (n = 35; 71%), and cerebral palsy (n = 32; 65%). After initial evaluation, 30 patients underwent speech therapy with significantly improved DIS scores compared to the 19 who had no therapy (43.4 vs. 54.5, p = 0.03). Of these 30, 16 (33%) underwent intensive therapy with mean DIS improving from 63.5 to 47.2 (p = 0.006). Fourteen (29%) completed the less intensive regimen with mean DIS improving from 51.9 to 39.1 (p = 0.07). There were 19 (39%) patients who underwent no therapy and mean DIS remained unchanged from 55.6 to 54.5 (p = 0.86).ConclusionSialorrhea can drastically impact patients and their families. An intensive speech therapy program is associated with improved QoL as described by the DIS. Speech therapy should be considered as an effective treatment modality to improve outcomes for pediatric sialorrhea.Level of Evidence2.
Hypoalbuminemia and Postoperative Outcomes Following Major Salivary Gland Resection
Authors: Kaki Praneet C. , Patel Aman M. , Brant Jason A. , Cannady Steven B. , Rajasekaran Karthik , Brody Robert M. , Carey Ryan M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveHypoalbuminemia (HA) is a proxy for malnutrition that has been associated with postoperative complications in several surgical subspecialties. This study investigates the association between pre‐operative HA and complications following major salivary gland (MSG) resection.MethodsPatients undergoing outpatient, elective MSG resection were extracted from the 2005 to 2020 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Demographics and comorbidities were compared between HA (preoperative serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL) and non‐HA cohorts. To determine associations between albumin status and postoperative complications, univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 5774 patients undergoing MSG resection were included, of which 321 (5.6%) had preoperative HA. HA was associated with older age on univariate analysis (65.2 vs. 60.2 years, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis found HA to be independently associated with any surgical complication (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.09–3.56, p = 0.019) and length of stay (LOS) ≥ 90th percentile (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04–2.38, p = 0.032).ConclusionPreoperative HA may be a poor prognostic factor associated with an increased risk of surgical complications and prolonged LOS among patients undergoing MSG resection.Level of Evidence4.
Ferroptosis in Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Crosstalk Regulation, and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Guo Dandan , Cai Songhua , Deng Lvdan , Xu Wangting , Fu Sentao , Lin Yaling , Jiang Tong , Li Qing , Shen Zhijun , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng , Tang Bufu , Wang Ling 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTFerroptosis is a distinct form of iron‐dependent programmed cell death characterized primarily by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Multiple cellular processes, including amino acid metabolism, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, various signaling pathways, and autophagy, have been demonstrated to influence the induction and progression of ferroptosis. Recent investigations have elucidated that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various pulmonary disorders, including lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and asthma. Ferroptosis is increasingly recognized as a promising novel strategy for cancer treatment. Various immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, including CD8+ T cells, macrophages, regulatory T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells, have been shown to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells and modulate the process through the regulation of iron and lipid metabolism pathways. Conversely, ferroptosis can reciprocally alter the metabolic environment, leading to the activation or inhibition of immune cell functions, thereby modulating immune responses. This paper reviews the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and describes the tumor immune microenvironment, discusses the connection between ferroptosis and the tumor microenvironment in lung cancer and pulmonary diseases, and discusses the development prospect of their interaction in the treatment of lung cancer and pulmonary diseases.
SIRT1 Alleviates Mitochondrial Fission and Necroptosis in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via SIRT1–RIP1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wei Xuan , Guo Hanjing , Huang Guangshan , Luo Haoyue , Gong Lipeng , Meng Pan , Liu Jiyong , Zhang Wenli , Mei Zhigang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTProgrammed cell death, including necroptosis, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for CIRI, yet its precise role in regulating necroptosis remains controversial. Furthermore, the potential interaction between SIRT1 and receptor‐interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) in this context is not fully understood. Sanpian Decoction (SPD), a classical traditional herbal formula, was previously shown to enhance SIRT1 expression in our studies. Our findings demonstrated that, both in vivo and in vitro, CIRI was associated with a decrease in SIRT1 levels and phosphorylated dynamin‐related protein 1 (p‐DRP1) at Ser637, alongside an increase in RIP1 and other necroptosis‐related proteins. Co‐immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence analyses revealed a weakened interaction between SIRT1 and RIP1. Furthermore, abnormal mitochondrial fission and dysfunction were mediated through the phosphoglycerate mutase 5–DRP1 pathway. Notably, SPD treatment improved neurological outcomes and reversed these pathological changes by enhancing the SIRT1–RIP1 interaction. In conclusion, this study suggests that SIRT1 is a promising therapeutic target for CIRI, capable of inhibiting necroptosis and mitigating mitochondrial fission via the SIRT1–RIP1 pathway. SPD exhibits therapeutic potential by activating SIRT1, thereby attenuating necroptosis and mitochondrial fission during CIRI.
Genome‐wide siRNA library screening identifies human host factors that influence the replication of the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus
Authors: Wang Guangwen , Jiang Li , Wang Jinliang , Li Qibing , Zhang Jie , Kong Fandi , Yan Ya , Wang Yuqin , Deng Guohua , Shi Jianzhong , Tian Guobin , Zeng Xianying , Liu Liling , Bu Zhigao , Chen Hualan , Li Chengjun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe global dissemination of H5 avian influenza viruses represents a significant threat to both human and animal health. In this study, we conducted a genome‐wide siRNA library screening against the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus, leading us to the identification of 457 cellular cofactors (441 proviral factors and 16 antiviral factors) involved in the virus replication cycle. Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis revealed that the candidate gene data sets were enriched in gene categories associated with mRNA splicing via spliceosome in the biological process, integral component of membrane in the cellular component, and protein binding in the molecular function. Reactome pathway analysis showed that the immune system (up to 63 genes) was the highest enriched pathway. Subsequent comparisons with four previous siRNA library screenings revealed that the overlapping rates of the involved pathways were 8.53%–62.61%, which were significantly higher than those of the common genes (1.85%–6.24%). Together, our genome‐wide siRNA library screening unveiled a panorama of host cellular networks engaged in the regulation of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus replication, which may provide potential targets and strategies for developing novel antiviral countermeasures.
Spin 1 Particle With Anomalous Magnetic Moment in External Uniform Electric Field, Solutions With Cylindrical Symmetry
Authors: Ivashkevich Alina , Red'kov Viktor , Chichurin Alexander 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA generalized 10‐dimensional Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau equation for spin 1 particle with anomalous magnetic moment is examined in cylindrical coordinates in the presence of the external uniform electric field oriented along the axis . On solutions, we diagonalize operators of the energy and third projection of the total angular momentum. First, we derive the system of 10 equations in partial derivatives for functions . The use of the method based on the projective operators permits us to express 10 variables through only three different functions , which are solved in Bessel functions. After that, we derive the system of 10 first‐order differential equations for functions . This system reduces to one independent equation for a separate function and to the system of two linked equations for two remaining primary functions. This system after diagonalization of the mixing matrix gives two separated equations for new variables. All three equations for basic functions are solved in terms of the confluent hypergeometric functions. Thus, the complete system of solutions with cylindrical symmetry for the vector particle with anomalous magnetic moment in the presence of the external uniform electric field is found.
Constructing a gradient modulus interfacial layer on the surface of hydrotalcite enhances the interfacial properties of hydrotalcite/benzoxazine composites
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zu Liwu , Dong Shaobo , Lan Tianyu , Zhang Wei , Liu Jun , Luo Yu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe gradient modulus interface layer between hydrotalcite (LDH) and benzoxazine (Bz) polymer matrix was designed by grafting silane coupling agent KH560. The effect of varying proportions of LDH on the mechanical properties of the poly(LDH/Bz) was analyzed. When the LDH content was at 6 wt%, the mechanical properties of the poly(KH560‐LDH/Bz) exhibited enhancements of 78.31%, 68.58%, and 117.91% in tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength, respectively, compared to the poly(LDH/Bz). This improvement is attributed to the interfacial phase of KH560, which enhances the surface roughness and polarity of LDH, effectively buffering and equilibrating the modulus disparity between LDH and the polymer matrix. The surface tension between functionalized LDH and the matrix was calculated using the Harmonic Mean formula. Upon the incorporation of KH560, the surface energy difference between LDH and the matrix was reduced, thereby enhancing the interfacial compatibility between the two materials. The interfacial layer thickness of the functionalized LDH and benzoxazine polymer matrix was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), which confirmed the presence of a graded modulus interfacial layer within the poly(KH560‐LDH/Bz).Highlights
The mechanical properties of the poly(KH560‐LDH/BZ) were improved the most when the addition of KH560‐LDH was 6 wt%.
KH560‐LDH has a low surface free energy, which is conducive to dispersion in the matrix.
The composite with the addition of 6 wt% KH560‐LDH showed excellent thermal and thermomechanical properties.
The interface layer thickness of the composite with 6 wt% KH560‐LDH was increased by 41.27%.
The gradient modulus interface layer promotes stress transfer and dispersion in the matrix.
Characterization of ABS/PETG multi‐material composites 3D printed by print‐pause‐print method
Authors: Eyri Busra , Gul Okan , Yilmaz Sinan , Karsli N. Gamze , Yilmaz Taner 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) method is a commonly used additive manufacturing technique in various industries. It is crucial that the parts produced using this method meet the necessary service conditions. To achieve this, the study employed the ‘print‐pause‐print’ technique to produce laminated composite materials. Mechanical, tribological, and morphological properties of PETG and ABS samples with various layer configurations are investigated in this study. The samples underwent tests for tensile strength, three‐point bending strength, Shore D hardness, and adhesive wear. Scanning electron microscope images were taken of the resulting fractured and worn surfaces. The results obtained were used to determine the suitability of the two materials for simultaneous production. In addition, results were examined to understand the relation of adhesion between the layers, their strength, and tribological properties. In consideration of the tensile and flexural strengths, the group with PETG material in the middle demonstrated the most significant enhancement in comparison with the base materials. In the tensile test results, specimen APA_171 with one layer of ABS on both outer surfaces and seven layers of PETG inside exhibited a strength of 33.6 MPa. The synergistic effect arising from the combination of ABS and PETG during manufacturing resulted in enhanced hardness values and modulus, which exhibited a similar trend. In the wear and hardness tests, the APA_171 sample demonstrated the highest hardness and the lowest coefficient of friction. The results showed that ABS and PETG materials are suitable for simultaneous production in the FDM method, with some composite types exhibiting good adhesion between layers, increased strength, and wear resistance compared to base materials.Highlights
ABS/PETG materials are suitable for simultaneous production in the FDM method.
There are types of ABS/PETG composites that show good adhesion between layers.
ABS/PETG composites produced by the FDM method can be used for functional applications.
TMEM2: A New Dimension in Hyaluronan Biology
Authors: Yamaguchi Yu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHyaluronan (HA) is one of the most abundant components of extracellular matrices. HA is a huge polysaccharide—a single linear HA polymer often exceeds 25,000 disaccharide units in length (~107 Da) and occupies the volume of a 300 nm diameter sphere. These unique biochemical and biophysical properties are accompanied by extremely rapid turnover of HA, which emphasizes the importance of not only its biosynthesis but also degradation in regulating the homeostasis and biological functions of HA. Further supporting the specific importance of HA degradation, a large body of evidence demonstrates that biological functions of HA are dependent on its size and degree of fragmentation. While considerable research has revealed the roles of the HYAL family hyaluronidases in HA catabolism and biology, the discovery of TMEM2 as a functional cell surface hyaluronidase, coupled with increasing data demonstrating its remarkable biological functions, have added a new dimension of research to the field of HA biology.
A Pyroptosis Radiosensitizer Facilitates Hypoxic Tumor Necrosis
Authors: Gu Chenglu , Wang Dongmei , Zhu Shuang , Wang Xue , Tian Xinyi , Liao You , Gu Zhanjun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHypoxia‐related tumor radioresistance markedly impairs the efficacy of radiotherapy. Herein, a targeted radiosensitization strategy is introduced, leveraging the upregulation of gasdermin C (GSDMC) in hypoxic tumor cells, aiming to induce pyroptosis through the application of a cobalt‐containing polyoxometalate‐based radiosensitizer. This novel radiosensitizer is designed for the precisely controlled release of cobalt ions upon X‐ray irradiation, thereby activating caspase‐8 and prompting the cleavage of GSDMC. This sequence of events selectively triggers pyroptosis in hypoxic tumor cells, directly addressing radioresistance. The ensuing results highlight the enhanced radiotherapy efficacy and tumor necrosis both in vitro and in vivo models. Overall, the findings confirm the effectiveness of this strategy targeting high GSDMC expression in hypoxic tumors to induce pyroptosis for precise radiotherapy. Such findings encourage further exploration of hypoxia‐driven pyroptosis to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
Tailoring Crystalline States of Alloy Coating for High Current Density and Large Areal Capacity of Zn
Authors: Chen Sheng , Ouyang Kefeng , Pu Guo , Liu Youfa , Yu Lidong , Cui Mangwei , Liu Ao , Wang Yihan , Zhang Kun , Huang Yan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDue to issues of hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and uncontrolled deposition behaviors at the Zn anode, the practical implementation of Zn‐ion batteries has faced significant obstacles. Very limited attention is directed toward various alloy crystalline states for the Zn anode protection primarily due to the challenge of synthesizing high‐quality alloy coatings with diverse crystalline states. In this study, the crystalline state of NiCr alloy coating is precisely manipulated using magnetron sputtering, revealing distinct thermodynamic and kinetic changes induced by variation in the crystalline state. This research emphasizes the fundamental understanding of microstructure dynamics and achieves a highly reversible Zn anode at harsh conditions of high current density (80 mA cm−2) and large areal capacity (40 mAh cm−2), thus enabling high‐capacity and longevous pouch battery.
Highly Dispersed Single Clusters Supported Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Frameworks for Synergetic CO2 Electroreduction to CH4
Authors: Mo Qijie , Chen Chunying , Li Sihong , Song Haili , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising path toward the carbon‐neutral goal but remains a huge challenge due to the high activation barrier for CO2 and poor selectivity. Herein, the highly dispersed triruthenium single cluster (Ru3‐SCs) is confined into the nanospace of pyrrole‐3‐carboxylic acid (PyrA)‐modified nickel‐porphyrin‐based metal–organic framework (Ni‐PCN‐222‐PyrA) to form the composite (Ru3‐SCs@Ni‐PCN‐222‐PyrA) through the pre‐coordination confinement strategy. The prepared Ru3‐SCs@Ni‐PCN‐222‐PyrA can accelerate the selective reduction of CO2 to CH4 via electrocatalysis. Under −1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), Ru3‐SCs@Ni‐PCN‐222‐PyrA affords CO2 electroreduction to CH4 with a high selectivity of 71.9% Faradaic efficiency. Mechanistic studies reveal that the superior reactivity can be attributed to the ensemble effect and synergistic catalysis of Ru3‐SCs, in which one Ru atom is responsible for CO2 reduction to *CO and another Ru atom promotes the water splitting to generate *H, and then the two intermediates of *CO and *H coupled to form the key intermediate of *CHO in a thermodynamically favorable way.
Cloudnativesim: A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud‐Native Applications
Authors: Wu Jingfeng , Xu Minxian , He Yiyuan , Ye Kejiang , Xu Chengzhong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCloud‐native applications are increasingly becoming popular in modern software design. Employing a microservice‐based architecture into these applications is a prevalent strategy that enhances system availability and flexibility. However, cloud‐native applications introduce new challenges, including frequent inter‐service communication and the management of heterogeneous codebases and hardware, resulting in unpredictable complexity and dynamism. Furthermore, as applications scale, only limited research teams or enterprises possess the resources for large‐scale deployment and testing, which impedes progress in the cloud‐native domain.AimsTo address these challenges, we propose CloudNativeSim, a simulator for cloud‐native applications with a microservice‐based architecture.ResultsCloudNativeSim offers several key benefits: (i) comprehensive and dynamic modeling for cloud‐native applications, (ii) an extended simulation framework with new policy interfaces for scheduling cloud‐native applications, and (iii) support for customized application scenarios and user feedback based on Quality of Service (QoS) metrics.ConclusionCloudNativeSim can be easily deployed on standard computers to manage a high volume of requests and services. Its performance was validated through a case study, demonstrating higher than 94.5% accuracy in terms of response time simulation. The study further highlights the feasibility of CloudNativeSim by illustrating the effects of various scaling policies.
Extended Commentary – The US Space Force: America's Key to Securing Space Dominance—It Ain't Science Fiction Anymore
Authors: Card Orson Scott , Colucci Lamont 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe US Space Force (USSF) is not simply a rebranding of existing military programs. Neither is it a novelty aimed at securing more defense funding. It is a necessary institution designed to prepare the United States for a future in which space will be the battleground for global influence and security. This battleground is clearly not science fiction anymore; and the USSF will be the sword and shield of democratic values and moral order in the space domain. This extended commentary—coauthored by the inaugural Director of Doctrine Development for the USSF and a strategic consultant who is also a global best‐selling science fiction author—contends that as space continues to evolve into a contested domain, the United States must be the dominant player in this very real strategic arena. The article explores the cultural, strategic, and military imperatives behind the Space Force's creation, details the 11 enduring principles guiding its evolution, and surveys the broader context and reality in which space dominance must be secured.
The Power of Music: Connecting Leadership Developmental Theory to Modern Icons Beyoncé and Taylor Swift
Authors: Tucker Sanithia , Vincent Kaley 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article links the connection between music and leadership, exploring ways to connect musical icons to teaching leadership theory and concepts. The authors utilize the relationship leadership model (RLM) and the leadership identity development (LID) model through case studies of Beyoncé Knowles‐Carter and Taylor Swift. We provide questions to deepen the facilitator and learners' understanding of these pedagogical approaches. Recommendations and implications follow to ensure educators and practitioners are thinking through the many other approaches to help leadership learners develop through examples of music.
Sound Leadership: Harnessing the Power of Podcasts in Leadership Development
Authors: Devies Brittany , Bullock Lauren , Jenkins Daniel M. , Allen Scott J. , Stanberry Joanna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article explores the pedagogical considerations of using pop‐culture podcasts as an instructional strategy in leadership development. We clarify key concepts, evaluate podcasts as an instructional tool, and provide recommendations and implications for their integration into leadership learning experiences. While an important consideration for educators, more research is needed about the efficacy of this instructional strategy. Nonetheless, podcasts are an important consideration for program architects seeking contemporary connections to leadership learning.