bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality and safety issue: language barriers in healthcare, a qualitative study of non-Arab healthcare practitioners caring for Arabic patients in the UAE
Authors: Al-Yateem Nabeel , Hijazi Heba , Saifan Ahmad Rajeh , Ahmad Alaa , Masa'Deh Rami , Alrimawi Intima , Rahman Syed Azizur , Subu Muhammad Arsyad , Ahmed Fatma Refaat 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesTo identify language-related communication barriers that expatriate (non-Arabic) healthcare practitioners in the UAE encounter in their daily practice.DesignQualitative study utilising semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews were conducted in English language.SettingDifferent healthcare facilities across the UAE. These facilities were accessed for data collection over a period of 3 months from January 2023 to March 2023.Participants14 purposively selected healthcare practitioners.InterventionNo specific intervention was implemented; this study primarily aimed at gaining insights through interviews.Primary and secondary outcomesTo understand the implications of language barriers on service quality, patient safety, and healthcare providers’ well-being.ResultsThree main themes emerged from our analysis of participants’ narratives: Feeling left alone, Trying to come closer to their patients and Feeling guilty, scared and dissatisfied.ConclusionsBased on the perspectives and experiences of participating healthcare professionals, language barriers have notably influenced the delivery of healthcare services, patient safety and the well-being of both patients and practitioners in the UAE. There is a pressing need, as highlighted by these professionals, for the inclusion of professional interpreters and the provision of training to healthcare providers to enhance effective collaboration with these interpreters.
Immediate postnatal care guidelines implementation and associated factors among healthcare providers in East Shewa zone public health facilities, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Bune Alemayehu Girma , Girmaye Eden , Lemma Dereje , Bekele Gemechu Gelan 
Published: December 2023

ObjectivesImmediate postnatal care is a critical intervention to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality; however, many women and newborns receive inadequate postnatal care timely and effectively during the first 24 hours following childbirth. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the immediate postnatal care guidelines implementation and its associated factors among healthcare providers in the East Shewa zone public health facilities, Oromia, Ethiopia.DesignFacility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 September 2022 to 28 October 2022.SettingThe study was conducted in 6 hospitals and 19 health centres in the East Shewa zone.ParticipantsAll healthcare providers who work in the maternity ward of the East Shewa zone public health facilities were the source population while all healthcare providers who work in the maternity ward of the randomly selected East Shewa zone public health facilities were the study population. Healthcare providers who were assigned to the delivery and postnatal ward during data collection were included in the study. Healthcare providers, who are not on duty for annual, maternity, sick and study leave, were excluded from the study.MeasuresA structured self-administered questionnaire and observational checklist were used for data collection. The questionnaires were pretested and data were collected by the Kobo toolbox software. Data were analysed by using the SPSS V.25. Binary logistic regression (bivariate and multivariable) analyses were done to identify significantly associated variables, and finally, an adjusted OR (AOR) at a 95% CI was used to declare significant variables depending on a p<0.05.ResultThe study revealed that 196 healthcare providers with a response rate of 97.03% were included in this study. The overall proportion of healthcare providers who have a good implementation of immediate postnatal care guidelines was 44.4% (95% CI 37.3% to 51.6%). Providers who received basic emergency obstetrics and newborn care training (AOR 3.72, 95% CI 1.7 to 8.1), working in a tertiary-level hospital (AOR 3.85, 95% CI 1.3 to 11.2), and who had maternal and newborn care guidelines in their facility (AOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.5 to 6.6) were significantly associated factors with good implementation of immediate postnatal care guidelines.ConclusionsImplementation of the immediate postnatal care guideline by healthcare providers in the maternity ward was found low as less than half of healthcare providers have good implementation. Receiving basic emergency obstetrics and newborn care training, having maternal and newborn care guidelines in their facility, and working in a tertiary-level hospital were significantly associated factors with good implementation of immediate postnatal care guidelines.
Olenek–Anabar Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, northern East Siberia
Authors: Ershova Victoria B. , Khudoley Andrei , Drachev Sergey S. , Prokopiev Andrei V. , Shimanskiy Sergey V. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The Olenek–Anabar Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element (OLA CTSE) is located in the northern part of the Siberian Craton. Its structure and depositional history is controlled by two main tectonic events: (i) Mesoproterozoic rifting and (ii) Ediacaran–Cambrian (to Middle Devonian?) post-rift thermal subsidence. The sedimentary succession is mainly represented by Mesoproterozoic–Cambrian strata, including the black shales of the lower–middle Kuonamka Formation. The hydrocarbon potential of the OLA CTSE is defined by the presence of large superficial bitumen fields, anticlinal structures, large reefal build-ups and direct proximity to the potential source rock (Kuonamka Formation). A very scarce grid of seismic profiles and a lack of exploration wells limit the knowledge of the petroleum potential. The lack of seals and broad occurrences of faults, causing significant vertical permeability of sediment cover, and abundant occurrences of mafic and kimberlite magmatism are limiting factors with regard to the petroleum potential. Wells drilled during the Soviet era did not recover any commercial discoveries.
Trial Readiness of Cavernous Malformations With Symptomatic Hemorrhage, Part I: Event Rates and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Flemming Kelly D. , Kim Helen , Hage Stephanie , Mandrekar Jay , Kinkade Serena , Girard Romuald , Torbey Michel , Huang Judy , Huston John , Shu Yunhong , Lanzino Giuseppe , Selwyn Reed , Hart Blaine , Mabray Marc , Feghali James , Sair Haris I. , Narvid Jared , Lupo Janine M. , Lee Justine , Stadnik Agnieszka , Alcazar-Felix Roberto J. , Shenkar Robert , Lane Karen , McBee Nichole , Treine Kevin , Ostapkovich Noeleen , Wang Ying , Thompson Richard , Koenig James I. , Carroll Timothy , Hanley Daniel , Awad Issam 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Cerebral cavernous malformation with symptomatic hemorrhage (SH) are targets for novel therapies. A multisite trial-readiness project (
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03652181) aimed to identify clinical, imaging, and functional changes in these patients.

METHODS:
We enrolled adult cerebral cavernous malformation patients from 5 high-volume centers with SH within the prior year and no planned surgery. In addition to clinical and imaging review, we assessed baseline, 1- and 2-year National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin Scale, European Quality of Life 5D-3 L, and patient-reported outcome-measurement information system, Version 2.0. SH and asymptomatic change rates were adjudicated. Changes in functional scores were assessed as a marker for hemorrhage.

RESULTS:

One hundred twenty-three, 102, and 69 patients completed baseline, 1- and 2-year clinical assessments, respectively. There were 21 SH during 178.3 patient years of follow-up (11.8% per patient year). At baseline, 62.6% and 95.1% of patients had a modified Rankin Scale score of 1 and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 0 to 4, respectively, which improved to 75.4% (
P
=0.03) and 100% (
P
=0.06) at 2 years. At baseline, 74.8% had at least one abnormal patient-reported outcome-measurement information system, Version 2.0 domain compared with 61.2% at 2 years (
P
=0.004). The most common abnormal European Quality of Life 5D-3 L domains were pain (48.7%), anxiety (41.5%), and participation in usual activities (41.4%). Patients with prospective SH were more likely than those without SH to display functional decline in sleep, fatigue, and social function patient-reported outcome-measurement information system, Version 2.0 domains at 2 years. Other score changes did not differ significantly between groups at 2 years. The sensitivity of scores as an SH marker remained poor at the time interval assessed.

CONCLUSIONS:
We report SH rate, functional, and patient-reported outcomes in trial-eligible cerebral cavernous malformation with SH patients. Functional outcomes and patient-reported outcomes generally improved over 2 years. No score change was highly sensitive or specific for SH and could not be used as a primary end point in a trial.
Trial Readiness of Cavernous Malformations With Symptomatic Hemorrhage, Part II: Biomarkers and Trial Modeling
Authors: Hage Stephanie , Kinkade Serena , Girard Romuald , Flemming Kelly D. , Kim Helen , Torbey Michel T. , Huang Judy , Huston John , Shu Yunhong , Selwyn Reed G. , Hart Blaine L. , Mabray Marc C. , Feghali James , Sair Haris I. , Narvid Jared , Lupo Janine M. , Lee Justine , Stadnik Agnieszka , Alcazar-Felix Roberto J. , Shenkar Robert , Hobson Nicholas , DeBiasse Dorothy , Lane Karen , McBee Nichole A. , Treine Kevin , Ostapkovich Noeleen , Wang Ying , Thompson Richard E. , Koenig James I. , Carroll Timothy , Hanley Daniel F. , Awad Issam A. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced quantitative perfusion (DCEQP) magnetic resonance imaging sequences assessing iron deposition and vascular permeability were previously correlated with new hemorrhage in cerebral cavernous malformations. We assessed their prospective changes in a multisite trial-readiness project.

METHODS:
Patients with cavernous malformation and symptomatic hemorrhage (SH) in the prior year, without prior or planned lesion resection or irradiation were enrolled. Mean QSM and DCEQP of the SH lesion were acquired at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Sensitivity and specificity of biomarker changes were analyzed in relation to predefined criteria for recurrent SH or asymptomatic change. Sample size calculations for hypothesized therapeutic effects were conducted.

RESULTS:

We logged 143 QSM and 130 DCEQP paired annual assessments. Annual QSM change was greater in cases with SH than in cases without SH (
P
=0.019). Annual QSM increase by ≥6% occurred in 7 of 7 cases (100%) with recurrent SH and in 7 of 10 cases (70%) with asymptomatic change during the same epoch and 3.82× more frequently than clinical events. DCEQP change had lower sensitivity for SH and asymptomatic change than QSM change and greater variance. A trial with the smallest sample size would detect a 30% difference in QSM annual change during 2 years of follow-up in 34 or 42 subjects (1 and 2 tailed, respectively); power, 0.8, α=0.05.

CONCLUSIONS:
Assessment of QSM change is feasible and sensitive to recurrent bleeding in cavernous malformations. Evaluation of an intervention on QSM percent change may be used as a time-averaged difference between 2 arms using a repeated measures analysis. DCEQP change is associated with lesser sensitivity and higher variability than QSM. These results are the basis of an application for certification by the US Food and Drug Administration of QSM as a biomarker of drug effect on bleeding in cavernous malformations.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03652181.
Increasing Activity After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial of High-Intensity Walking and Step Activity Intervention
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth D. , Pohlig Ryan T. , McCartney Kiersten M. , Hornby T. George , Kasner Scott E. , Raser-Schramm Jonathan , Miller Allison E. , Henderson Christopher E. , Wright Henry , Wright Tamara , Reisman Darcy S. 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:
Physical inactivity in people with chronic stroke profoundly affects daily function and increases recurrent stroke risk and mortality, making physical activity improvements an important target of intervention. We compared the effects of a high-intensity walking intervention (FAST), a step activity monitoring behavioral intervention (SAM), or a combined intervention (FAST+SAM) on physical activity (ie, steps/day). We hypothesized the combined intervention would yield the greatest increase in steps/day.

METHODS:
This assessor-blinded multisite randomized controlled trial was conducted at 4 university/hospital-based laboratories. Participants were 21 to 85 years old, walking without physical assistance following a single, unilateral noncerebellar stroke of ≥6 months duration, and randomly assigned to FAST, SAM, or FAST+SAM for 12 weeks (2–3 sessions/week). FAST training consisted of walking-related activities at 70% to 80% heart rate reserve, while SAM received daily feedback and goal setting of walking activity (steps/day). Assessors and study statistician were masked to group assignment.
The a priori–determined primary outcome and end point was a comparison of the change in steps/day between the 3 intervention groups from pre- to post-intervention. Adverse events were tracked after randomization. All randomized participants were included in the intent-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS:

Participants were enrolled from July 18, 2016, to November 16, 2021. Of 2385 participants initially screened, 250 participants were randomized (mean [SE] age, 63 [0.80] years; 116 females/134 males), with 89 assigned to FAST, 81 to SAM, and 80 to FAST+SAM. Steps/day significantly increased in both the SAM (mean [SE], 1542 [267; 95% CI, 1014–2069]
P
<0.001) and FAST+SAM group (1307 [280; 95% CI, 752–1861]
P
<0.001) but not in the FAST group (406 [238; 95% CI, −63 to 876]
P
=0.09). There were no deaths or serious study-related adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:
Only individuals with chronic stroke who completed a step activity monitoring behavioral intervention with skilled coaching and goal progression demonstrated improvements in physical activity (steps/day).

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02835313.
Threatening Quality of Will
Authors: Shoemaker David 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Quality of Will (qw) theories of responsibility claim the target of someone’s blameworthiness for an action is their poor quality of will. There have been many “threats” to such a theory over the years, coming out of a literature interested in the metaphysical conditions of free will, threats having to do with moral luck, manipulation, and negligence. In this paper, I am more interested in surveying and thwarting two “new school” threats to qw theories, including taking responsibility for inadvertence, and holding reasonable but ostensibly wrongful beliefs. Both of these aim to ground blameworthiness independently of quality of will. I show that none of these new school threats to qw theories succeed.
Sampled Together: Assessing the Value of Simultaneous Collocated Measurements for Optimal Satellite Configurations
Authors: Powell C. E. , Ruf Christopher S. , Gleason Scott , Rafkin Scot C. R. 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
This work applies a quantitative metric in order to capture the relative representativeness of nonsimultaneous or noncollocated observations and quantify how these observations decorrelate in both space and time. This methodology allows for the effective determination of thresholding decisions for representative matchup conditions and is especially useful for informing future network designs and architectures. Future weather and climate satellite missions must consider a range of architectural trades to meet observing requirements. Frequently, fundamental decisions such as the number of observatories, the instruments manifested, and orbit parameters are determined based upon assumptions about the characteristic temporal and spatial scales of variability of the target observation. With the introduced methodology, representativity errors due to separations in space and time can be quantified without prior knowledge of instrument performance, and errors driven by constellation design can be estimated without model ingest or analysis.
Investigation of Hydrostatic Imbalance with Field Observations
Authors: Sun Jielun , Wulfmeyer Volker , Späth Florian , Vömel Holger , Brown William , Oncley Steven 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The hydrostatic equilibrium addresses the approximate balance between the positive force of the vertical pressure gradient and the negative gravity force and has been widely assumed for atmospheric applications. The hydrostatic imbalance of the mean atmospheric state for the acceleration of vertical motions in the vertical momentum balance is investigated using tower, the global positioning system radiosonde, and Doppler lidar and radar observations throughout the diurnally varying atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) under clear-sky conditions. Because of the negligibly small mean vertical velocity, the acceleration of vertical motions is dominated by vertical variations of vertical turbulent velocity variances. The imbalance is found to be mainly due to the vertical turbulent transport of changing air density as a result of thermal expansion/contraction in response to air temperature changes following surface temperature changes. In contrast, any pressure change associated with air temperature changes is small, and the positive vertical pressure-gradient force is strongly influenced by its background value. The vertical variation of the turbulent velocity variance from its vertical increase in the lower convective boundary layer (CBL) to its vertical decrease in the upper CBL is observed to be associated with the sign change of the imbalance from positive to negative due to the vertical decrease of the positive vertical pressure-gradient force and the relative increase of the negative gravity force as a result of the decreasing upward transport of the low-density air. The imbalance is reduced significantly at night but does not steadily approach zero. Understanding the development of hydrostatic imbalance has important implications for understanding large-scale atmosphere, especially for cloud development.

Significance Statement
It is well known that the hydrostatic imbalance between the positive pressure-gradient force due to the vertical decrease of atmospheric pressure and the negative gravity forces in the vertical momentum balance equation has important impacts on the vertical acceleration of atmospheric vertical motions. Vertical motions for mass, momentum, and energy transfers contribute significantly to changing atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics. This study investigates the often-assumed hydrostatic equilibrium and investigate how the hydrostatic imbalance is developed using field observations in the atmospheric boundary layer under clear-sky conditions. The results reveal that hydrostatic imbalance can develop from the large-eddy turbulent transfer of changing air density in response to the surface diabatic heating/cooling. The overwhelming turbulence in response to large-scale thermal forcing and mechanical work of the vast Earth surface contributes to the hydrostatic imbalance on large spatial and temporal scales in numerical weather forecast and climate models.
A Systemic Analysis of the Impact of the Pandemic on the Indian Tourism Economy
Authors: Munjal Poonam 
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on the tourism industry across the world. Be it aviation or hospitality, transportation, tour operators or eateries, every activity related to tourism was adversely affected by the pandemic in an unprecedented manner. India saw the first severe impact during the first quarter of 2020–2021 when the tourism industry was severely affected, in terms of loss in tourism demand due to a significant fall in tourist arrivals. The industry saw gradual signs of recovery post-October 2020 but was hit again by the second wave during April–June 2021 and then by the third wave during November 2021–January 2022. Given the contribution that tourism makes to the entire economy in terms of income and employment generation, it is important to do a systemic estimation of the losses caused by the pandemic so that resilient policies are put in place to address the challenges at all levels and put the tourism sector back on the path it was traversing before the pandemic. This article presents the estimates of economic losses resulting from the changes experienced during the most critical period of the pandemic, that is, the first quarter of 2020–2021, which witnessed a complete lockdown, and the subsequent two quarters, wherein the sector started showing gradual recovery following various relaxations in economic activities and travel movements. The estimates are based on the methodology that draws from the framework laid out in the Tourism Satellite Account of India, which, in turn, is based on the methodological framework recommended by the United Nations World Tourism Organization. JEL Codes: L830, Z320, F620
Influence of pistachio shell filler addition and interply hybridization on mechanical and thermal performances of polyester composites
Authors: Mohapatra Deepak Kumar , Deo Chitta Ranjan , Mishra Punyapriya , Dash Padmanav 
Published: December 2023

Owing to the crucial qualities such as strength, stiffness and durability, as well as low-cost manufacturing benefits, the fibre-reinforced composite materials are becoming more popular in structural applications. The current work basically focused on the influence of Pistachio shell particles (PSP) on mechanical performances of kenaf(K)/glass(G)/polyester hybrid laminates. Usual hand layup technique is used to fabricate different stacking order laminates such as KKKK, KGGK, GKKG, KGKG, and GGGG with PSP filler concentration of 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 5 wt%. The experimental findings reflect a noticeable improvement in mechanical properties with gradual inclusion of PSP filler. The KGKG laminate with 5 wt% of PSP shows an optimum tensile strength of 127.35 MPa and highest micro-hardness value of 21.35 HV, whereas KGKG laminate with 3 wt% of PSP exhibits a maximum flexural of 112.42 MPa and impact strength of 75.59 KJ/m2. The numerical analysis is also been carried out to validate the experimental results using ANSYS 19.0 software. On comparing the data of numerical analysis with experimental values, the deviation of result is found to be within the limit of 5% to 10%. Furthermore, the result of Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) has shown a highest amount of residue of 31.22% at 700°C in case of GKKG laminate with 5% of PSP filler. Again, at 5 wt% of PSP filler, the GKKG laminate has shown a lower water intake capability of 3.5% in comparison to KGKG and KGGK laminates at saturation time of 14 days. The fractography study has been conducted to examine the different mode of failure of laminates during testing by the help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).