bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Precipitation During Kiremt and Belg Seasons And The Water Vapor Flux Convergence Layers in Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Tegegne , Kebede Abebe , Ayele Kefyalew 
Published: January 2024

Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate the most important moisture-bearing layers in VIWVF among different monthly intervals over the Ethiopian atmosphere based European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) averaged reanalysis zonal and meridional wind data and specific humidity data with the time coverage from 1991-2019 with 0.25° by 0.25° spatial resolution in various types of pressure levels from 1000hpa to 300hpa and ERA5-Land monthly averaged reanalysis data for precipitation. The Ethiopian troposphere is classified into four layers clustering by the Euclidean Distance method. VIWVF and specific humidity are higher in the lower pressure levels and decrease at higher altitudes. The moisture sources during the Belg season are the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea are the main sources; the ML1 and ML2 are the interesting layers and good moisture convergence cores for Belg Season rainfall, especially in March and April. During the Kiremt season, VIWVF sources are from the South Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea through the Red Sea, with high moisture flux convergence observed in Lr. L and ML1 tropospheric layers (1000hpa-850hpa and 825hpa-750hpa), in July and August. Significant positive correlations between Belg VIWVF and precipitation were recognized in the layer 700hpa-600hpa over Northeastern highlands, Bale, Harar, and Yirgacheffe, whereas significant positive correlation with Kiremt rainfall over central-western to northwestern Ethiopia in July and August at 1000-850hpa and 825-750hpa. This research targeted to identify the most important moisture-centered layers, especially in the Summer(main) and Spring (second) rainy seasons through VIWVF and its association with precipitation to forecast climate and weather impacts over Ethiopia’s atmosphere.
Feasibility of financing nature-based solutions for water security through water tariffs: Evidence from South Africa
Authors: du Plessis Nicola S. , Turpie Jane K. , Letley Gwyneth K. 
Published: January 2024

Abstract

In many countries, catchment restoration is underfunded. This study aims to address whether household water pricing could be used as a mechanism for securing funds for catchment restoration. The objectives were to determine households' willingness to pay (WTP) for their existing water use, investigate whether institutional trust and municipal satisfaction influenced WTP, and establish whether aggregate consumer surplus at the municipal scale could cover the costs needed to finance catchment restoration. Surveys were conducted on 502 households in three metropolitan municipalities in the City of Cape Town, eThekwini, and Nelson Mandela Bay. Contingent valuation revealed that average WTP for water was between 12 and 137% more and 32 and 73% more than what households currently pay for water per month in the City of Cape Town and eThekwini, respectively. Satisfaction with municipal service delivery positively influenced WTP, while institutional trust did not. The City of Cape Town, based on the aggregate WTP from the higher income categories, consumer surplus was 779 million South African Rand (ZAR)/year, more than double the estimated cost required to restore the catchment areas supplying water to the city over 30 years. In eThekwini, consumer surplus was equal to the amount needed over 30 years (250 million ZAR/year). These results demonstrate the significant potential to raise water tariffs for higher income households in metropolitan municipalities.
Phytochemicals as Potential Lead Molecules against Hepatocellular
Carcinoma
Authors: Rayginia Tennyson Prakash , Keerthana Chenicheri Kizhakkeveettil , Shifana Sadiq Chembothumparambil , Pellissery Maria Joy , Abhishek Ajmani , Anto Ruby John 
Published: January 2024

:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver cancer,
accounting for 85-90% of liver cancer cases and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality
worldwide. The major risk factors for HCC include hepatitis C and B viral infections,
along with chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, fibrosis, and non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis associated with metabolic syndrome. Despite the advancements in modern
medicine, there is a continuous rise in the annual global incidence rate of HCC, and
it is estimated to reach >1 million cases by 2025. Emerging research in phytomedicine
and chemotherapy has established the anti-cancer potential of phytochemicals, owing to
their diverse biological activities. In this review, we report the major phytochemicals
that have been explored in combating hepatocellular carcinoma and possess great potential
to be used as an alternative or in conjunction with the existing HCC treatment modalities.
An overview of the pre-clinical observations, mechanism of action and molecular
targets of some of these phytochemicals is also incorporated.
Mechanism of Tonifying Spleen-lung Recipe in the Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis Based on Network Pharmacology and Observational Data
Authors: Wu Hongjin , Li Shenguang , Du Xiaomei , Zhu Kaigong , Li Jing 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Chronic bronchitis is a type of common chronic inflammatory respiratory
disease, which is mainly characterized by chronic cough and expectoration. Clinical practice
and experimental research have shown that the modified tonifying spleen-lung method has significant
preventive and therapeutic effects on chronic lung diseases, but the mechanism of TSLR
in the treatment of chronic bronchitis are not yet clear.

Objective:
To explore the mechanism of tonifying spleen-lung recipe (TSLR) in the treatment of
chronic bronchitis (CB) through network pharmacology combined with observational studies.

Materials and Methods:
The effective components, core targets and signaling pathways of
TSLR in the treatment of chronic bronchitis were obtained using network pharmacology. One
hundred and thirty-seven elderly CB patients were selected as the observational group who were
treated by TSLR, and 67 no-CB cases from the Physical Examination Center were selected as the
control group. We compared the levels of inflammatory parameters between patients before and
after TSLR treatment, and after treatment group with the control group were also compared.

Results:
The key effective components of TSLR selected by network pharmacology included
quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and nobiletin, and the core targets involved HSP90AA1, AKT1,
JUN, MAPK1, IL6, MAPK3, MAPK14, STAT1, NFKB1, and CDKN1. KEGG pathway enrichment
analysis revealed that the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT and AGE-RAGE signaling
pathways might play a key role in the treatment of CB. The observation study demonstrated
that compared with the control group, the levels of WBC, NEU, NLR, PCT, and CRP in the research
group after TSLR treatment were increased. Although the levels of WBC, NEU, NLR,
and PCT in the research group after TSLR treatment were higher than those in the control group,
the above indicators trend tended towards the control group, and there was no significant difference
in CRP indicators between the control group and after treatment group.

Conclusion:
TSLR had a good therapeutic effect on chronic bronchitis patients, which might be
related to the fact that the natural active components in TSLR inhibit inflammation by regulating
the expression of proteins related to PI3K-AKT and TNF signaling pathways.
Study on the Mechanism of Notch Pathway Mediates the Role of Lenvatinib-resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Organoids
Authors: Feng Weiqing , Zhang Haixiong , Yu Qing , Yin Hao , Ou Xiaowei , Yuan Jie , Peng Liang 
Published: January 2024

Background:
The emergence of treatment resistance has hindered the
efficacy of targeted therapies used to treat patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC).

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the mechanism of organoids constructed from
lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells.

Methods:
Hep3B cell and human HCC organoids were cultured and identified using
hematoxylin and eosin staining and Immunohistochemistry. Lenvatinib-sensitive/
resistant Hep3B cells were constructed using lenvatinib (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 μM) and
lenvatinib (0, 1, 10, and 100 μM). qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were utilized to determine
HCC stem cell markers CD44, CD90, and CD133 expressions. Transcriptome
sequencing was performed on organoids. Western blot evaluated Notch pathwayrelated
proteins (NOTCH1 and Jagged) expressions. Furthermore, DAPT, an inhibitor
of the Notch pathway, was used to investigate the effects of lenvatinib on resistance or
stemness in organoids and human HCC tissues.

Results:
The organoids were successfully cultivated. With the increase of lenvatinib
concentration, sensitive cell organoids were markedly degraded and ATP activity was
gradually decreased, while there was no significant change in ATP activity of resistant
cell organoids. CD44 expressions were elevated after lenvatinib treatment compared
with the control group. KEGG showed that lenvatinib treatment of organoids
constructed from Hep3B cells mainly activated the Notch pathway. Compared with the
control group, NOTCH1 and Jagged expressions elevated, and ATP activity decreased
after lenvatinib treatment. However, ATP activity was notably decreased after DAPT
treatment. Moreover, DAPT inhibited lenvatinib resistance and the increase in the
expressions of CD44 caused by lenvatinib. Besides, 100 μM lenvatinib significantly
inhibited the growth and ATP activity of human HCC organoids, and DAPT increased
the inhibitory effect of lenvatinib.

Conclusion:
Lenvatinib regulated resistance and stemness in organoids via the Notch
pathway.
Effect of Per and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances on Pregnancy and Child Development
Authors: Kilari Thanuja , Suresh Ankul Singh , Begum Rukaiah F. , Singh Anuragh , Venkkatesh Pravin , Vellapandian Chitra 
Published: January 2024

Background:
Childhood obesity is significantly influenced by maternal exposure to Per
and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) during pregnancy. PFAS exposure occurs through the
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR-γ) receptor, leading to increased fat deposition
and profound health effects in child growth and development. Despite ongoing investigations,
the relationship between maternal serum PFAS concentration and child obesity requires further exploration.

Objective:
This study aimed to review the possible effects of Per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances
exposure and their mechanism in overweight/obese children from pregnant ladies.

Methods:
A detailed literature survey was conducted using online databases, including Science Direct,
Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed. The study focused on the diverse effects of
PFAS on maternal and child health, with particular emphasis on neurological complications.

Results:
Child growth development depends upon breastfeeding and placenta health, which is disrupted
by PFAS exposure, ultimately destroying the body mass index of the child. Neurotoxicity
testing utilized the SH-SY5Y human-derived cell line as an in vitro model, revealing PFAS-induced
increases in adipocyte number, reduced cell size, altered lipid conglomeration, increased
adiposity, and changes in liver function. in vivo studies in mice and human cell lines indicated
PPAR-γ and ER-α activation, leading to adiposity and weight gain through Estrogen signaling and
Lipid metabolism. PFAS concentrations positively correlated in maternal sera, analyzed by liquid
chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Conclusion:
PFAS, with a long half-life of 3.5-8.5 years, is commonly found in the serum of pregnant
women, crossing the placenta barrier. This exposure disrupts placental homeostasis, negatively
impacting mechanisms of action and potentially leading to deterioration in pregnancy and child
health. Further research is needed to comprehensively understand the complex interplay between
PFAS exposure and its implications for maternal and child well-being.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Alkaloids in Alzheimer's Disease
Management
Authors: Singh Randhir , Rani Nidhi , Kaur Rajwinder , Chahal Geeta , Kumar Praveen , Kaur Gagandeep 
Published: January 2024

Background::
Alkaloids are important phytoconstituents obtained from various plant
sources. The study's primary goal is to assess the anti-Alzheimer potential of alkaloids using a molecular
docking study. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a gradual decline in memory, reasoning,
decision-making, orientation to one's physical surroundings, and language.

Materials and Methods:
The main target i.e. acetylcholinesterase proteins was selected for the molecular
docking study.

Results::
The structures of various alkaloids were drawn using Chem Draw Software, PDB was retrieved
from the RCSB PDB database, and molecular docking study was performed on Molergo Virtual
Docker. The potential alkaloids were identified with anti-Alzheimer potency.

Conclusion::
Reserpine, vinblastine, ergotamine, and tubocurarine were found to exhibit potential
anti-Alzheimer potency.
Enhancing Health Equity by Predicting Missed Appointments in Health Care: Machine Learning Study
Authors: Yang Yi , Madanian Samaneh , Parry David 
Published: January 2024

Background
The phenomenon of patients missing booked appointments without canceling them—known as Did Not Show (DNS), Did Not Attend (DNA), or Failed To Attend (FTA)—has a detrimental effect on patients’ health and results in massive health care resource wastage.

Objective
Our objective was to develop machine learning (ML) models and evaluate their performance in predicting the likelihood of DNS for hospital outpatient appointments at the MidCentral District Health Board (MDHB) in New Zealand.

Methods
We sourced 5 years of MDHB outpatient records (a total of 1,080,566 outpatient visits) to build the ML prediction models. We developed 3 ML models using logistic regression, random forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Subsequently, 10-fold cross-validation and hyperparameter tuning were deployed to minimize model bias and boost the algorithms’ prediction strength. All models were evaluated against accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve metrics.

Results
Based on 5 years of MDHB data, the best prediction classifier was XGBoost, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92, sensitivity of 0.83, and specificity of 0.85. The patients’ DNS history, age, ethnicity, and appointment lead time significantly contributed to DNS prediction. An ML system trained on a large data set can produce useful levels of DNS prediction.

Conclusions
This research is one of the very first published studies that use ML technologies to assist with DNS management in New Zealand. It is a proof of concept and could be used to benchmark DNS predictions for the MDHB and other district health boards. We encourage conducting additional qualitative research to investigate the root cause of DNS issues and potential solutions. Addressing DNS using better strategies potentially can result in better utilization of health care resources and improve health equity.
Memahami Hadis-Hadis Misoginis dengan Pendekatan Spirit Ayat-Ayat Al-Qur’an
Authors: Fauziah Mira 
Published: January 2024

A refreshment of the understanding of misogynistic hadiths is absolutely necessary. The reason is not primarily to align with the demands of modern intellectual development, but rather to free the understanding from gender prejudices. As modern Islamic thinkers have demonstrated, the hadiths in question do not actually emphasize superiority or inferiority based on gender, which in classical interpretations have been embellished with explanations and additions that marginalize women. Consequently, the understanding of these hadiths merely accommodates the socio-historical facts that have sidelined women's rights. This interpretation of hadiths becomes a powerful religious tool for disempowering women. This phenomenon is clearly a contradiction. On one hand, the Qur'an strongly emphasizes the values of justice, equality, and freedom. But on the other, the understanding of hadiths has obstructed these fundamental values.
ABSTRAK
Penyegaran pemahaman terhadap hadis-hadis misoginis mutlak dilakukan. Alasannya bukan terutama untuk menyesuaikan dengan tuntutan perkembangan dunia pemikiran modern, melainkan untuk membebaskan pemahaman dari prasangka jender. Seperti telah ditunjukkan oleh para pemikir Islam modern, hadis-hadis yang sebenarnya tidak menekankan superioritas inferioritas atas dasar jenis kelamin yang dalam tafsir klasik telah dibumbui penjelasan dan tambahan yang memarjinalisasikan perempuan. Sehingga, pemahaman hadis bersifat semata-mata mengakomodasi fakta sosiologis-historis yang telah menyingkirkan hak-hak perempuan. Pemahaman hadis menjadi alat religius sangat ampuh untuk tidak memberdayakan perempuan. Fenomena ini jelas merupakan sebuah kontradiksi. Di satu sisi al-Qur`an sangat menekankan nilai-nilai keadilan, persamaan dan kebebasan. Tetapi di sisi lain, pemahaman terhadap hadis telah menghalangi nilai-nilai utama itu.
Urgensitas Pembelajaran Ilmu Hadis Di Era Digital
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Junida Junida 
Published: January 2024

Hadith as the words of the Prophet SAW. from time to time is very interesting to study and study. Along with the rapid development of technology, it also influences the development of hadith studies. In this digital era, there are many hadith books that fill the media space. Technological developments have given birth to hadiths that can exist on social media. Various applications have been presented with attractive packaging so that the hadith problem which was previously done manually by having to open volumes of hadith books, now has a hadith application that makes it easier for users to find the hadith they need, even in the application there is also content -content such as sanad and matan. Among the hadith applications that have contributed to coloring in the digital era are: Maktabah Syamilah, Lidwa Pusaka, Gawamil Kaleem, Mausyu'ah and so on. Seeing the development of hadith itself which is now in the digital era, we should know how to take advantage of it. moreover, these academics are so enthusiastic about developing hadith studies in this digital era. Our role as regeneration is only to maximize it and develop it in order to develop the hirroh of hadith studies towards a golden era again.
ABSTRAK
Hadis sebagai sabda Nabi SAW. dari masa ke masa sangat menarik untuk dikaji dan dipelajari. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi yang melaju pesat juga mempengaruhi tehadap perkembangan kajian hadis. Di era digital ini, banyak ditemui kitabkitab hadis memenuhi ruang media. Perkembangan teknologi telah melahirkan hadis bisa eksis di media sosial. Berbagai aplikasi telah disajikan dengan kemasan menarik sehingga problem hadis yang tadinya dilakukan secara manual dengan harus membuka kitab-kitab hadis yang berjilid-jilid, kini telah hadir aplikasi hadis sehingga memudahkan bagi pengguna dalam mencari hadis yang dibutuhkan, bahkan di dalam aplikasi tersebut juga terdapat konten-konten seperti sanad dan matan. Di antara aplikasi hadis yang turut mewarnai di era digital adalah: Maktabah Syamilah, Lidwa Pusaka, Gawamil Kaleem, Mausyu’ah dan sebagainnya.Melihat perkembangan hadits sendiri yang sekarang sudah ber-Era digital maka sudah semestinya kita harus mengetahui bagaimana cara memanfaatkan hal itu, terlebih para akademi-akademisi tersebut sudah begitu bersemangat mengembangkan kajian hadits di era digital ini. Peran kita sebagai regenerasi hanyalah memaksimal mungkin dan mengembangkannya guna mengembangkan hirroh kajian hadits menuju era ke-emasan kembali.
Muamalah dalam Islam: Memahami Konsep 'Ariyah dan Aplikasinya
Authors: Suarni Suarni 
Published: January 2024

The concept of 'Ariyah in Islam, within the framework of Muamalah (human interaction), holds a significant place in the social and economic aspects of Muslim life. This paper aims to explore the etymological and terminological dimensions of 'Ariyah and its practical implications in Islamic law. Employing a qualitative approach, this study draws on religious texts, including the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as scholarly works on Islamic jurisprudence. The analysis reveals that 'Ariyah, etymologically, is associated with the idea of borrowing and returning, and terminologically refers to the practice of utilizing another's possessions without compensation. This concept encompasses values of generosity and unconditional giving, with slight variations across Islamic schools of thought. The validity of 'Ariyah transactions in Islamic law depends on certain pillars and conditions, such as the declaration of borrowing, the ownership status of the lender and borrower, and the nature of the borrowed item. The concept of 'Ariyah aligns with the broader Islamic ethos of assistance and reciprocal cooperation, particularly in the practice of lending.
Abstrak
Konsep 'Ariyah dalam Islam, dalam kerangka Muamalah (interaksi manusia), memiliki tempat yang signifikan dalam aspek sosial dan ekonomi kehidupan Muslim. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dimensi etimologi dan terminologi dari 'Ariyah dan implikasi praktisnya dalam hukum Islam. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, studi ini mengacu pada teks-teks agama, termasuk Al-Qur'an dan Hadits, serta karya-karya ilmiah tentang jurisprudensi Islam. Analisis mengungkapkan bahwa 'Ariyah, secara etimologi terkait dengan ide peminjaman dan pengembalian, dan secara terminologi merujuk pada praktik memanfaatkan kepemilikan orang lain tanpa kompensasi. Konsep ini mencakup nilai-nilai kemurahan hati dan pemberian tanpa syarat, dengan sedikit variasi lintas mazhab Islam. Keabsahan transaksi 'Ariyah dalam hukum Islam bergantung pada rukun dan syarat tertentu, seperti deklarasi peminjaman, status kepemilikan pemberi pinjaman dan penerima pinjaman, serta sifat barang yang dipinjam. Konsep 'Ariyah ini sejalan dengan etos Islam yang lebih luas tentang bantuan dan kerja sama timbal balik, terutama dalam praktik peminjaman.