bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Preoperative Waiting Time on Anxiety and Pain Levels in Outpatient Surgery for Breast Diseases
Authors: Wu Bei , Wang Han-Jin , Yang Xiu-Pin , Zhong Zhen-Hua 
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study aims to examine the effects of different preoperative waiting times on anxiety and pain levels in patients undergoing outpatient surgery for breast diseases, providing insights for clinical interventions during the perioperative phase.

Methods
Patients who underwent outpatient surgery at a hospital breast center in Ningbo between January 2021 and December 2021 were selected. Their anxiety levels at the time when they entered the preoperative preparation room and when they ended the postoperative waiting period for the rapid frozen section procedure were assessed using the State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI) questionnaire, and their pain levels at the end of the postoperative waiting period were assessed using the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. The patients enrolled were divided into 3 groups according to the preoperative waiting time: <2 hours (T1 group), 2 to 4 hours (T2 group), and >4 hours (T3 group); there were 150 patients in each group, and the anxiety and pain levels were compared between the groups.

Results
At the time of entering the preoperative preparation room, patients’ S-AI score T1 = T2 (P > 0.05), both T1 and T2 < T3 (P < 0.05); however, at the time of the postoperative waiting period, patients’ S-AI score was T1 < T2 < T3 (P < 0.05), and the postoperative waiting period patients’ short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire scores were T1 = T2 < T3 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The perioperative anxiety and pain levels of patients undergoing outpatient breast surgery increased with the prolongation of preoperative waiting time; 4 hours was the critical time point for change, after which the anxiety and pain levels of patients increased significantly.
Enhancing Pressure Injury Surveillance Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Milliren Carly E. , Ozonoff Al , Fournier Kerri A. , Welcher Jennifer , Landschaft Assaf , Kimia Amir A. 
Published: December 2023

ObjectiveThis study assessed the feasibility of nursing handoff notes to identify underreported hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) events.MethodsWe have established a natural language processing–assisted manual review process and workflow for data extraction from a corpus of nursing notes across all medical inpatient and intensive care units in a tertiary care pediatric center. This system is trained by 2 domain experts. Our workflow started with keywords around HAPI and treatments, then regular expressions, distributive semantics, and finally a document classifier. We generated 3 models: a tri-gram classifier, binary logistic regression model using the regular expressions as predictors, and a random forest model using both models together. Our final output presented to the event screener was generated using a random forest model validated using derivation and validation sets.ResultsOur initial corpus involved 70,981 notes during a 1-year period from 5484 unique admissions for 4220 patients. Our interrater human reviewer agreement on identifying HAPI was high (κ= 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58–0.75). Our random forest model had 95% sensitivity (95% CI, 90.6%–99.3%), 71.2% specificity (95% CI, 65.1%–77.2%), and 78.7% accuracy (95% CI, 74.1%–83.2%). A total of 264 notes from 148 unique admissions (2.7% of all admissions) were identified describing likely HAPI. Sixty-one described new injuries, and 64 describe known yet possibly evolving injuries. Relative to the total patient population during our study period, HAPI incidence was 11.9 per 1000 discharges, and incidence rate was 1.2 per 1000 bed-days.ConclusionsNatural language processing–based surveillance is proven to be feasible and high yield using nursing handoff notes.
Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Superficial Femoral Artery Velocity Measurements in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Sinharoy Ankita , Reddy Neeti , Lin John Kent , Nambi Vijay , Yang Eric Y. , Kougias Panagiotis , Taylor Addison A. , Lumsden Alan B. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Brunner Gerd 
Published: December 2023

Abstract:

Background:
Longitudinal associations of noninvasive 2-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (2D-PC-MRI) velocity markers of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) were analyzed along with the characteristics of peripheral artery disease (PAD). We hypothesized that the 2-year differences in MRI-based measures of SFA velocity were associated with longitudinal changes in markers of PAD.

Methods:
A total of 33 (11 diabetic, 22 nondiabetic) patients with PAD with baseline and 2-year follow-up MRI scans were included in this secondary analysis of the Effect of Lipid Modification on Peripheral Artery Disease after Endovascular Intervention Trial (ELIMIT). Electrocardiographically gated 2D-PC-MRI was performed at a proximal and a distal location of the distal SFA territory. SFA lumen, wall, and total vessel volumes and the normalized wall index (NWI) were analyzed.

Results:
Baseline characteristics did not differ between diabetic and nondiabetic PAD patients. Maximum proximal and distal SFA velocity measures did not differ between baseline and 2 years (41.98 interquartile range (IQR) (23.58–72.6) cm/s vs. 40.31 IQR (26.69–61.29) cm/s; P = 0.30). Pooled analysis (N = 33) showed that the 24-month change in the NWI was inversely associated with the 24-month change in the proximal maximal SFA velocity (beta = −168.36, R2 = 0.150, P value = 0.03). The 24-month change of the maximum velocity differences between the proximal and distal SFA locations was inversely associated with the 24-month changes in peak walking distance (beta = −0.003, R2 = 0.360, P value = 0.011).

Conclusion:
The 2-year change of SFA plaque burden is inversely associated with the 2-year change of proximal peak SFA blood flow velocity. 2D-PC-MRI measured SFA velocity may be of interest in assessing PAD longitudinally.
What Medical-Legal Partnerships can do for Trauma Patients and Trauma Care
Authors: Alur Rucha , Hall Erin , Smith MJ , Zakrison Tanya , Loughran Carly , Cosey-Gay Franklin , Kaufman Elinore 
Published: December 2023

Abstract
Trauma patients are particularly vulnerable to the impact of pre-existing social and legal determinants of health post-injury. Trauma patients have a wide range of legal needs, including housing, employment, debt, insurance coverage, and access to federal and state benefits. Legal support could provide vital assistance to address the social determinants of health for injured patients. Medical Legal Partnerships (MLPs) embed legal professionals within healthcare teams to improve health by addressing legal needs that affect health. MLPs have a successful track record in oncology, HIV/AIDS, and pediatrics, but have been little used in trauma. We conducted a scoping review to describe the role of MLPs and their potential to improve health outcomes for patients with traumatic injuries. We found that MLPs use legal remedies to address a variety of social and structural conditions that could affect patient health across several patient populations, such as children with asthma and patients with cancer. Legal intervention can assist patients in obtaining stable and healthy housing, employment opportunities, debt relief, access to public benefits, and immigration assistance. MLP structure varies across institutions. In some, MLP lawyers are employed directly by a healthcare institution. In others, MLPs function as partnerships between a health system and an external legal organization. MLPs have been found to reduce hospital readmissions, increase treatment utilization by patients, decrease patient stress levels, and benefit health systems financially. This scoping review outlines the potential of MLPs to improve outcomes for injured patients. Establishing trauma-focused MLPs could be a feasible intervention for trauma centers around the country seeking to improve health outcomes and reduce disparities for injured patients.
Empiric Cryoprecipitate Transfusion in Patients with Severe Hemorrhage: Results from the US Experience in the International CRYOSTAT-2 Trial
Authors: Van Gent Jan-Michael , Kaminski Carter W , Praestholm Caroline , Pivalizza Evan G , Clements Thomas W , Kao Lillian S , Stanworth Simon , Brohi Karim , Cotton Bryan A 
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:Hypofibrinogenemia has been shown to predict massive transfusion and is associated with higher mortality in severely injured patients. However, the role of empiric fibrinogen replacement in bleeding trauma patients remains controversial. We sought to determine the effect of empiric cryoprecipitate as an adjunct to a balanced transfusion strategy (1:1:1).STUDY DESIGN:This study is a subanalysis of patients treated at the single US trauma center in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Trauma patients (more than 15 years) were eligible if they had evidence of active hemorrhage requiring emergent surgery or interventional radiology, massive transfusion protocol (MTP) activation, and received at least 1 unit of blood. Transfer patients, those with injuries incompatible with life, or those injured more than 3 hours earlier were excluded. Patients were randomized to standard MTP (STANDARD) or MTP plus 3 pools of cryoprecipitate (CRYO). Primary outcomes included all-cause mortality at 28 days. Secondary outcomes were transfusion requirements, intraoperative and postoperative coagulation laboratory values, and quality-of-life measures (Glasgow outcome score-extended).RESULTS:Forty-nine patients (23 in the CRYO group and 26 in the STANDARD group) were enrolled between May 2021 and October 2021. Time to randomization was similar between groups (14 vs 24 minutes, p = 0.676). Median time to cryoprecipitate was 41 minutes (interquartile range 37 to 48). There were no differences in demographics, arrival physiology, laboratory values, or injury severity. Intraoperative and ICU thrombelastography values, including functional fibrinogen, were similar between groups. There was no benefit to CRYO with respect to post-emergency department transfusions (intraoperative and ICU through 24 hours), complications, Glasgow outcome score, or mortality.CONCLUSIONS:In this study of severely injured, bleeding trauma patients, empiric cryoprecipitate did not improve survival or reduce transfusion requirements. Cryoprecipitate should continue as an “on-demand” addition to a balanced transfusion strategy, guided by laboratory values and should not be given empirically.
Cell-type specific molecular signatures of aging revealed in a brain-wide transcriptomic cell-type atlas
Authors: Jin Kelly , Yao Zizhen , van Velthoven Cindy T. J. , Kaplan Eitan S. , Glattfelder Katie , Barlow Samuel T. , Boyer Gabriella , Carey Daniel , Casper Tamara , Chakka Anish Bhaswanth , Chakrabarty Rushil , Clark Michael , Departee Max , Desierto Marie , Gary Amanda , Gloe Jessica , Goldy Jeff , Guilford Nathan , Guzman Junitta , Hirschstein Daniel , Lee Changkyu , Liang Elizabeth , Pham Trangthanh , Reding Melissa , Ronellenfitch Kara , Ruiz Augustin , Sevigny Josh , Shapovalova Nadiya , Shulga Lyudmila , Sulc Josef , Torkelson Amy , Tung Herman , Levi Boaz , Sunkin Susan M. , Dee Nick , Esposito Luke , Smith Kimberly , Tasic Bosiljka , Zeng Hongkui 
Published: December 2023

AbstractBiological aging can be defined as a gradual loss of homeostasis across various aspects of molecular and cellular function. Aging is a complex and dynamic process which influences distinct cell types in a myriad of ways. The cellular architecture of the mammalian brain is heterogeneous and diverse, making it challenging to identify precise areas and cell types of the brain that are more susceptible to aging than others. Here, we present a high-resolution single-cell RNA sequencing dataset containing ∼1.2 million high-quality single-cell transcriptomic profiles of brain cells from young adult and aged mice across both sexes, including areas spanning the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. We find age-associated gene expression signatures across nearly all 130+ neuronal and non-neuronal cell subclasses we identified. We detect the greatest gene expression changes in non-neuronal cell types, suggesting that different cell types in the brain vary in their susceptibility to aging. We identify specific, age-enriched clusters within specific glial, vascular, and immune cell types from both cortical and subcortical regions of the brain, and specific gene expression changes associated with cell senescence, inflammation, decrease in new myelination, and decreased vasculature integrity. We also identify genes with expression changes across multiple cell subclasses, pointing to certain mechanisms of aging that may occur across wide regions or broad cell types of the brain. Finally, we discover the greatest gene expression changes in cell types localized to the third ventricle of the hypothalamus, including tanycytes, ependymal cells, andTbx3+ neurons found in the arcuate nucleus that are part of the neuronal circuits regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. These findings suggest that the area surrounding the third ventricle in the hypothalamus may be a hub for aging in the mouse brain. Overall, we reveal a dynamic landscape of cell-type-specific transcriptomic changes in the brain associated with normal aging that will serve as a foundation for the investigation of functional changes in the aging process and the interaction of aging and diseases.
Using computational approaches to enhance the interpretation of missense variants in thePAX6gene
Authors: Andhika Nadya S. , Biswas Susmito , Hardcastle Claire , Green David , Ramsden Simon C. , Birney Ewan , Black Graeme C. , Sergouniotis Panagiotis I. 
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACTPurposeThePAX6gene encodes a highly-conserved transcription factor involved in eye development. Heterozygous loss-of-function variants inPAX6can cause a range of ophthalmic disorders including aniridia. A key molecular diagnostic challenge is that manyPAX6missense changes are presently classified as variants of uncertain significance. While computational tools can be used to assess the effect of genetic alterations, the accuracy of their predictions varies. Here, we evaluated and optimised the performance of computational prediction tools in relation toPAX6missense variants.MethodsThrough inspection of publicly available resources (including HGMD, ClinVar, LOVD and gnomAD), we identified 241PAX6missense variants that were used for model training and evaluation. The performance of ten commonly-used computational tools was assessed and a threshold optimization approach was utilized to determine optimal cut-off values. Validation studies were subsequently undertaken usingPAX6variants from a local database.ResultsAlphaMissense, SIFT4G and REVEL emerged as the best-performing predictors; the optimized thresholds of these tools were 0.967, 0.025, and 0.772, respectively. Combining the prediction from these top-three tools resulted in lower performance compared to using AlphaMissense alone.ConclusionTailoring the use of computational tools by employing optimized thresholds specific toPAX6can enhance algorithmic performance. Our findings have implications forPAX6variant interpretation in clinical settings.
A community-based participatory research approach to the development, refinement, and distribution of Test-to-PrEP: A peer-to-peer distributed at-home HIV self-test and prevention information kit in Miami-Dade, Florida
Authors: Butts Stefani , Rodriguez Edda , Craker Lacey , Johnson Ariana L. , Whiteside Patrick , Blackmon Jakisha , Kenya Sonjia , Kanamori Mariano , Doblecki-Lewis Susanne 
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the US, there is a need for interventions that address gaps in awareness, interest, and uptake of HIV testing and biomedical HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis and non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis. The Test-to-PrEP intervention; an HIV self-test bundled with prevention information that was distributed via a social network strategy, was found to be effective at bridging said gaps. This manuscript presents the development and design of Test-to-PrEP, in which a community-based participatory research approach was used.The intervention combines peer-to-peer distribution of HIV self-testing kits with tailored HIV prevention education. Key features include culturally sensitive educational materials, a strategic emphasis on the connection between intervention distributors and recipients, and rigorous training protocols.Our process led to the creation of materials that were neutral to sexual identity, highlighting the importance of inclusivity and cultural relevance. It also led to a mechanism that allows enhanced network member selection. Stakeholder guidance ensured the initiative was well-aligned with community needs, enhancing its potential acceptability and effectiveness.By centering community needs and cultural nuances, interventions like Test-to-PrEP can potentially increase their reach and efficacy. Our development process underscores the importance of community engagement, cultural relevance, and well-defined reporting.
Projecting trends in the disease burden of adult edentulism in China between 2020 and 2030: a systematic study based on the global burden of disease
Authors: Qin Xiaofeng , Chen Li , Yuan Xihua , Lin Dan , Liu Qiulin , Zeng Xiaojuan , Ma Fei 
Published: December 2023

AbstractPURPOSEThis study was based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database and aimed to analyze the trend of disease burden for edentulism in Chinese adults between 1990 and 2030, and to provide valuable information for the development of more effective management and preventive measures.METHODSData on Chinese adults with edentulism from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed using GHDx data. Descriptive analyses were used to analyze changes in the prevalence and burden of edentulism, gender and age distribution between 1990 and 2019. In addition, we used an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict the trend of disease burden for Chinese adults with edentulism between 2020 and 2030.RESULTSThe incidence, prevalence, and rate of YLDs in adults with edentulism in China showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, the incidence was 251.20 per 100,000, the prevalence was 4512.78 per 100,000, and the YLDs were 123.44 per 100,000, marking increases of 20.58%, 94.18%, and 93.12% from 1990. Males experienced a higher increase than females. However, the standardized rates decreased over the same period. The ARIMA model predicts a subsequent upward and then downward trend for all indicators between 2019 and 2030, except for the standardized incidence rate which remained essentially unchanged. Specifically, the incidence is predicted to decrease from 388.93 to 314.40 per 100,000, prevalence from 4512.78 to 3049.70 per 100,000, and YLDs from 123.44 to 103.44 per 100,000. The standardized prevalence and YLDs rates are also expected to decrease.CONCLUSIONThe burden of edentulism in China is projected to show an increasing trend from 2020 to 2022 and a decreasing trend from 2023 to 2030. Despite the decline in the burden of disease associated with edentulism in China, many problems remain to be solved.
Evaluation of imputation performance of multiple reference panels in a Pakistani population
Authors: Xu Jiayi , Liu Dongjing , Hassan Arsalan , Genovese Giulio , Cote Alanna C. , Fennessy Brian , Cheng Esther , Charney Alexander W. , Knowles James A. , Ayub Muhammad , Peterson Roseann E. , Bigdeli Tim B. , Huckins Laura M. 
Published: December 2023

AbstractGenotype imputation is crucial for GWAS, but reference panels and existing benchmarking studies prioritize European individuals. Consequently, it is unclear which publicly available reference panel should be used for Pakistani individuals, and whether ancestry composition or sample size of the panel matters more for imputation accuracy. Our study compared different reference panels to impute genotype data in 1814 Pakistani individuals, finding the best performance balancing accuracy and coverage with meta-imputation with TOPMed and the expanded 1000 Genomes (ex1KG) reference. Imputation accuracy of ex1KG outperformed TOPMed despite its 30-fold smaller sample size, supporting efforts to create future panels with diverse populations.
Automated self-service cohort selection for large-scale population sciences and observational research: The California Teachers Study Researcher Platform
Authors: Lacey James V. , Spielfogel Emma S. , Benbow Jennifer L. , Savage Kristen E. , Lin Kai , Anderson Cheryl A.M. , Clague-DeHart Jessica , Duffy Christine N. , Martinez Maria Elena , Park Hannah Lui , Thompson Caroline A. , Wang Sophia S. , Chandra Sandeep 
Published: December 2023

AbstractObjectiveCohort selection is ubiquitous and essential, but manual and ad hoc approaches are time-consuming, labor-intense, and difficult to scale. We sought to automate the task of cohort selection by building self-service tools that enable researchers to independently generate datasets for population sciences research.Materials and MethodsThe California Teachers Study (CTS) is a prospective observational study of 133,477 women who have been followed continuously since 1995. The CTS includes extensive survey-based and real-world data from cancer, hospitalization, and mortality linkages. We curated data from our data warehouse into a column-oriented database and developed a researcher-facing web application that guides researchers through the project lifecycle; captures researchers’ inputs; and automatically generates custom and analysis-ready data, code, dictionaries, and documentation.ResultsResearchers can register, access data, and propose projects on the CTS Researcher Platform via our CTS website. The Platform supports cohort and cross-sectional study designs for cancer, mortality, and any other ICD-based phenotypes or endpoints. User-friendly prompts and menus capture analytic design, inclusion/exclusion criteria, endpoint definitions, censoring rules, and covariate selection. Our platform empowers researchers everywhere to query, choose, review, and automatically and quickly receive custom data, analytic scripts, and documentation for their research projects. Research teams can review, revise, and update their choices anytime.DiscussionWe replaced inefficient traditional cohort-selection processes with an integrated self-service approach that simplifies and improves cohort selection for all stakeholders. Compared with manual methods, our solution is faster and more scalable, user-friendly, and collaborative. Other studies could re-configure our individual database, project-tracking, website, and data-delivery components for their own specific needs, or they could utilize other widely available solutions (e.g., alternative database or project-tracking tools) to enable similarly automated cohort-selection in their own settings. Our comprehensive and flexible framework could be adopted to improve cohort selection in other population sciences and observational research settings.